bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A fluorescent CQDs for the Cu2+ detection in water
Authors: Liu Ying , Zhang Guangmei , Zhu Qiufeng 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In order to obtain high efficiency and high precision fluorescent detection agent of trace metal ions in solution, the CQDs were optimized with citric acid, which acted as a carbon source, as well as urea, which acted as a nitrogen source. It was a carbon nanoparticle with a particle size of around 3.16 nm, featuring numerous functional groups attached to the surface. These attributes not only facilitated its dispersion within water but also conferred increased stability, thereby resulting in a more consistent fluorescence intensity. It was a fluorescent sensor that could successfully detect copper ions (Cu2+) in the range of 3-5 mM. First, we set the excitation wavelength to 380nm. Then, the quenched CQDs fluorescence intensity would be found, which was defined as the dynamic quenching of energy transfer caused by the binding of amine groups and Cu2+. CQDs were actually applied to detect Cu2+ in the concentration range 2-6 mM, with R2=0.9565. Thus, the CQDs had high practical application value for metal ion detection and alcohol sensing.
System design and prototyping of the CMS Level-1 Trigger at the High-Luminosity LHC
Authors: Williams T. ,   the CMS collaboration
Published: March 2024

Abstract
For the High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) era, the trigger and data acquisition system of the
CMS experiment will be entirely replaced. The HL-LHC CMS Level-1 Trigger system will consist of
approximately 200 ATCA boards featuring Xilinx UltraScale+ FPGAs connected by 25 Gb/s optical
links. These boards will process over 60 Tb/s of detector data within 9.5 μs of the
collision to select up to 750 kHz of events for readout. In this paper, we summarise the current
status of hardware tests, our progress on system integration tests, and the online software
designed to control and monitor these boards.
The result of simulation studies of a GEM-based TPC for the inner tracker of Super Charm-Tau Factory Detector at BINP
Authors: Vadakeppattu V.K. , Sokolov A.V. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The Super Charm Tau Factory (SCTF) is a newly proposed
electron-positron collider with an energy range of 2–7 GeV in the
center of the mass system and luminosity of about
1035 cm-2s-1, instrumented with Super Charm-Tau
Detector. The innermost part of the SCTD is the inner tracker
(IT). The main tasks of IT are the extension of the lever arm of the
drift chamber, detection of soft hadrons, and reconstruction of the
secondary particles that decay in the IT. The main candidates for IT
are silicon strip detectors, cylindrical MPGD detectors, and a time
projection chamber (TPC). This paper discusses the results of
simulation studies of the TPC detector in detail and the plans for
the inner tracker development.
Ising model on the aperiodic Smith hat
Authors: Okabe Yutaka , Niizeki Komajiro , Araki Yoshiaki 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Smith et al discovered an aperiodic monotile of 13 sided shape in 2023. It is called the ‘Smith hat’ and consists of eight kites. We deal with the statistical physics of the lattice of the kites, which we call the ‘Smith-kite lattice’. We studied the Ising model on the aperiodic Smith-kite lattice and the dual Smith-kite lattice using Monte Carlo simulations. We combined the Swendsen–Wang multi-cluster algorithm and the replica exchange method. We simulated systems up to the total spin number

939
201

. Using the finite-size scaling (FSS) analysis, we estimated the critical temperature on the Smith-kite lattice as

T

c

/

J
=
2.405
±
0.0005

and that of the dual Smith-kite lattice as

T

c

∗

/

J
=
2.143
±
0.0005

. Moreover, we confirmed the duality relation between the critical temperatures on the dual pair of aperiodic lattices,

sinh
(
2
J

/

T

c

)
sinh
(
2
J

/

T

c

∗

)
=
1.000
±
0.001

. We also checked the duality relation for the nearest-neighbor correlation at the critical temperature, essentially the energy,

ϵ
(

T

c

)

/

coth
(
2
J

/

T

c

)
+
ϵ
(

T

c

∗

)

/

coth
(
2
J

/

T

c

∗

)
=
1.000
±
0.001

.
Electrowetting-on-dielectric behavior of aqueous droplets and gold nanofluid on an electrospun poly(vinyl chloride) microfiber layer
Authors: Budlayan Marco Laurence M , Patricio Jonathan N , Arco Susan D , Guerrero Raphael A 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Morphology and wettability of dielectric layers are crucial properties that affect the electrowetting-on-dielectric (EWOD) performance of a working liquid. In this work, the use of a poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) microfiber-modified PVC dielectric layer as an electrowetting-on-dielectric (EWOD) substrate is explored. Imaging with scanning electron and atomic force microscopy revealed intertwined microfibers on the original PVC film after PVC deposition via electrospinning. Hydrophobicity of the PVC layer was enhanced by the presence of microfibers, with the contact angle (CA) for a water droplet increasing from 84.9° to 123.9°. EWOD behavior of various liquids on the microfiber-modified PVC layer was investigated within a DC voltage range of 0 to 200 V DC. Gold nanofluid exhibited the largest change in CA of 57°, while smaller changes were observed for KOH (19.6°), KCl (21.2°), and water (21°). A mechanism explaining the observed reduction in contact angle for a gold nanofluid droplet is presented. Our results suggest the promising potential of PVC film-PVC microfiber as a hydrophobic dielectric material for EWOD applications involving diverse liquids, including gold nanofluids.
Effects of the presentation order of stimulations in sequential ERP/SSVEP Hybrid Brain-Computer Interface
Authors: Bekhelifi Okba , Berrached Nasr-Eddine , Bendahmane Amine 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Hybrid Brain-Computer Interface (hBCI) combines multiple neurophysiology modalities or paradigms to speed up the output of a single command or produce multiple ones simultaneously. Concurrent hBCIs that employ endogenous and exogenous paradigms are limited by the reduced set of possible commands. Conversely, the fusion of different exogenous visual evoked potentials demonstrated impressive performances; however, they suffer from limited portability. Yet, sequential hBCIs did not receive much attention mainly due to slower transfer rate and user fatigue during prolonged BCI use (Lorenz et al 2014 J. Neural Eng. 11 035007). Moreover, the crucial factors for optimizing the hybridization remain under-explored. In this paper, we test the feasibility of sequential Event Related-Potentials (ERP) and Steady-State Visual Evoked Potentials (SSVEP) hBCI and study the effect of stimulus order presentation between ERP-SSVEP and SSVEP-ERP for the control of directions and speed of powered wheelchairs or mobile robots with 15 commands. Exploiting the fast single trial face stimulus ERP, SSVEP and modern efficient convolutional neural networks, the configuration with SSVEP presented at first achieved significantly (p < 0.05) higher average accuracy rate with 76.39% ( ± 7.30 standard deviation) hybrid command accuracy and an average Information Transfer Rate (ITR) of 25.05 ( ± 5.32 standard deviation) bits per minute (bpm). The results of the study demonstrate the suitability of a sequential SSVEP-ERP hBCI with challenging dry electroencephalography (EEG) electrodes and low-compute capacity. Although it presents lower ITR than concurrent hBCIs, our system presents an alternative in small screen settings when the conditions for concurrent hBCIs are difficult to satisfy.
Design and testing of an arc resistant power transformer with a reinforced turret
Authors: Johansson Joakim , Brodeur Samuel 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This paper presents the design and testing of a full-scale 510-kV, 415-MVA HVDC converter transformer prototype designed to withstand the resulting pressure of a 20 MJ low-impedance fault in oil occurring inside a bushing turret, which is one of the major causes of transformer fires. In addition, there is currently few studies and recommendation regarding this failure mode, which is the main motivation for initiating this study. In total, two full-scale units were designed and built: First consisting of a reinforced turret and a transformer tank designed for arc resistance using nonlinear static finite-element analysis with design pressures retrieved from explicit dynamic simulations, and a second reference unit, with a conventional turret design. Both units were then experimentally tested with a methodology based on injecting pressurized air into the water-filled units, with test equipment dimensioned and calibrated to achieve a linear injection of energy equivalent to a 23 MJ arc in oil in 100 ms. The reinforced turret and transformer tank was able to contain the arc energy and performed as predicted by the nonlinear static and explicit dynamic simulations. The energy levels used in tests are, to our knowledge, the highest reported for a low-impedance fault occurring inside a turret, demonstrating the feasibility of designing a transformer to safely withstand mentioned faults without rupturing. The suggested reinforced turret is a robust and maintenance free solution offering passive protection against internal arcing, without the need of additional relive devices. It will significantly reduce the risk of fires, improve overall safety of the substation, and has the potential to be optimized for different arc energy levels and voltage class for turrets, cable boxes and chimneys.
Assessing the role of friction stir welding tool shoulder profile and parameters on mechanical performance of Al5083 weld joints pre- and post-corrosion exposure
Authors: Sunnapu Chendrasekhar , Kolli Murahari 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Al5083 alloy sheets were joined by friction stir welding (FSW) by using three different tools having different shoulder profiles (flat, concave and convex) at three different tool rotational speeds. From the cross-sectional microstructures, weld joints obtained at 1120 rpm with three different shoulder profiles were observed as defect free. XRD analysis confirms the development of texture that was dominated with close packed planes. The weld joint mechanical performance was assessed by conducting tensile tests before and after exposing them to 3.5% NaCl solution for 24 h. Combination of concave shoulder profile with 1120 rpm tool rotational speed has given higher strength in the weld joint, compared with base alloy and the other weld joints. The weld joints produced by using flat and concave shoulder profiles exhibited higher mechanical strength even after corrosion attack compared with the base alloy. From the potentiodynamic polarization studies, the three defect free weld joints (processed at 1120 rpm) were measured with lower corrosion current density. The results demonstrate the promising role of FSW to retain the strength against the corrosion initiated mechanical failure of Al5083 alloy by selecting appropriate combination of the shoulder profile and welding parameters.
Integration Sessions
Authors: Brennan Bill , Belser Alex 
Published: March 2024

AbstractChapter 7 underscores the pivotal role of integration sessions in psychedelic therapy, where insights from medicine sessions are woven into the fabric of daily life. It presents the EMBARK model’s flexible, participant-centric approach to integration, focusing adaptively on the clinical domains that emerged for the participant. It provides guidelines and goals for the practitioner in selecting the most relevant goals for each participant within the six clinical domains. The chapter outlines a three-step process for integration: listening to understand the participant’s experience, setting actionable goals in the form of new attitudes and behaviors, and enacting these changes. It introduces the concept of three spheres of integration, including the innovative idea of participating in social change as a therapeutic growth avenue. The chapter also provides guidance on handling disappointing medicine session experiences, responding to challenging events, and managing serious adverse outcomes.
Macronutrient application rescues performance of tolerant sorghum genotypes when infected by the parasitic plant striga
Authors: Mwangangi Immaculate M , Büchi Lucie , Haefele Stephan M , Rodenburg Jonne 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims
Infection by the hemi-parasitic plant Striga hermonthica causes severe host plant damage and seed production losses. Increased availability of essential plant nutrients reduces infection. Whether, how and to what extent it also reduces striga-induced host plant damage has not been well studied.

Methods
The effects of improved macro- and micronutrient supply on host plant performance under striga-free and infected conditions were investigated in glasshouse pot assays. One striga-sensitive and two striga-tolerant genotypes were compared. Plants growing in impoverished soils were supplied with (1) 25 % of optimal macro- and micronutrient quantities, (2) 25 % macro- and 100 % micronutrients, (3) 100 % macro- and 25 % micronutrients, or (4) 100 % macro- and micronutrients.

Key Results
Photosynthesis rates of striga-infected plants of the sensitive genotype increased with improved nutrition (from 12.2 to 22.1 μmol m−2 s−1) but remained below striga-free levels (34.9–38.8 μmol m−2 s−1). For the tolerant genotypes, increased macronutrient supply offset striga-induced photosynthesis losses. Striga-induced relative grain losses of 100 % for the sensitive genotype were reduced to 74 % by increased macronutrients. Grain losses of 80 % in the tolerant Ochuti genotype, incurred at low nutrient supply, were reduced to 5 % by improved nutrient supply.

Conclusions
Increasing macronutrient supply reduces the impact of striga on host plants but can only restore losses when applied to genotypes with a tolerant background.
Unfurling the functional association between long intergenic noncoding RNAs (lincRNAs) and HPV16-related cervical cancer pathogenesis through weighted gene co-expression network analysis of differentially expressed lincRNAs and coding genes
Authors: Sinha Abarna , Ghosh Sahana , Ghosh Abhisikta , Ghosh Arnab , Mathai Sonia , Bhaumik Jaydip , Mukhopadhyay Asima , Maitra Arindam , Biswas Nidhan K , Sengupta Sharmila 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Long intergenic noncoding RNAs (lincRNAs) do not overlap annotated coding genes and are located in intergenic regions, as opposed to antisense and sense-intronic lncRNAs, located in genic regions. LincRNAs influence gene expression profiles and are thereby key to disease pathogenesis. In this study, we assessed the association between lincRNAs and HPV16-positive cervical cancer (CaCx) pathogenesis using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) with coding genes, comparing differentially expressed lincRNA and coding genes (DElincGs and DEcGs, respectively) in HPV16-positive patients with CaCx (n = 44) with those in HPV-negative healthy individuals (n = 34). Our analysis revealed five DElincG modules, co-expressing and correlating with DEcGs. We validated a substantial number of such module-specific correlations in the HPV16-positive cancer TCGA-CESC dataset. Four such modules, displayed significant correlations with patient traits, such as HPV16 physical status, lymph node involvement and overall survival (OS), highlighting a collaborative effect of all genes within specific modules on traits. Using the DAVID bioinformatics knowledgebase, we identified the underlying biological processes associated with these modules as cancer development and progression-associated pathways. Next, we identified the top 10 DElincGs with the highest connectivity within each functional module. Focusing on the prognostic module hub genes, downregulated CTD-2619J13.13 expression was associated with poor patient OS. This lincRNA gene interacted with 25 coding genes of its module and was associated with such biological processes as keratinization loss and keratinocyte differentiation, reflecting severe disease phenotypes. This study has translational relevance in fighting various cancers with high mortality rates in underdeveloped countries.
Keratosis pilaris treatment paradigms: assessing effectiveness across modalities
Authors: Wong Pooi C , Wang Madeline A , Ng Tangqi J , Akbarialiabad Hossein , Murrell Dédée F 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This review aims to present a comprehensive synthesis of the existing treatment modalities for keratosis pilaris (KP) and evaluate their therapeutic efficacy. KP is a prevalent chronic dermatological condition typified by its unique ‘chicken skin appearance’, with the cheeks being the most commonly involved sites. Numerous therapeutic interventions have emerged, given its substantial prevalence and impact on skin aesthetics and psychological wellbeing. Nonetheless, a consistent therapeutic response has been challenging to achieve. This review endeavours to collate and critically appraise the current treatment landscape for KP. An exhaustive literature search was performed using databases such as Ovid, PubMed and Scopus. From an initial count of 459 articles identified after deduplication, 52 were selected for inclusion after a thorough full-text examination for articles with concrete outcome data highlighting the efficacies of different therapeutic modalities; articles that lacked data or were tangential to the core focus on KP treatment were excluded. The included articles were then catalogued based on the nature of treatment strategies and their respective outcomes. Among the various therapeutic interventions, laser and light modalities appear to be supported by the most substantial evidence base. Notably, the Nd:YAG (neodymium-doped yttrium–aluminium–garnet) laser, attributed to its longer wavelength, emerged as a preferred option. While other therapeutic avenues have also exhibited notable improvements in skin texture and discolouration relative to baseline, the inconsistency in outcome measures underscores the need for a standardized, KP-specific scoring system to foster a more coherent comparison across treatments. Based on the current evidence, Nd:YAG laser therapy demonstrates promising effectiveness with a relatively favourable side-effect profile. However, the landscape of KP treatment is multifaceted, and further studies are essential to solidify recommendations.
Electrochemical ammonia oxidation catalyzed by ruthenium complexes: investigation of substituent effect of axial pyridine ligands
Authors: Toda Hiroki , Kanega Ryoichi , Yano Tasuku , Yoshikawa Takeshi , Kuriyama Shogo , Himeda Yuichiro , Sakata Ken , Nishibayashi Yoshiaki 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We have examined catalytic ammonia oxidation using ruthenium complexes bearing 2,2′-bipyridine-6,6′-dicarboxylate ligand and axial 3- and 4-substituted pyridine ligands under electrochemical conditions to study the substituent effect of the axial pyridine ligands. Ruthenium complex bearing 3,4-dibromopyridine ligands shows the highest catalytic activity to produce up to 145 equivalents of dinitrogen based on the catalyst.
Applying Machine Learning to Blood Count Data Predicts Sepsis with ICU Admission
Authors: Steinbach Daniel , Ahrens Paul C , Schmidt Maria , Federbusch Martin , Heuft Lara , Lübbert Christoph , Nauck Matthias , Gründling Matthias , Isermann Berend , Gibb Sebastian , Kaiser Thorsten 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Timely diagnosis is crucial for sepsis treatment. Current machine learning (ML) models suffer from high complexity and limited applicability. We therefore created an ML model using only complete blood count (CBC) diagnostics.

Methods
We collected non-intensive care unit (non-ICU) data from a German tertiary care centre (January 2014 to December 2021). Using patient age, sex, and CBC parameters (haemoglobin, platelets, mean corpuscular volume, white and red blood cells), we trained a boosted random forest, which predicts sepsis with ICU admission. Two external validations were conducted using data from another German tertiary care centre and the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV database (MIMIC-IV). Using the subset of laboratory orders also including procalcitonin (PCT), an analogous model was trained with PCT as an additional feature.

Results
After exclusion, 1 381 358 laboratory requests (2016 from sepsis cases) were available. The CBC model shows an area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) of 0.872 (95% CI, 0.857–0.887). External validations show AUROCs of 0.805 (95% CI, 0.787–0.824) for University Medicine Greifswald and 0.845 (95% CI, 0.837–0.852) for MIMIC-IV. The model including PCT revealed a significantly higher AUROC (0.857; 95% CI, 0.836–0.877) than PCT alone (0.790; 95% CI, 0.759–0.821; P &lt; 0.001).

Conclusions
Our results demonstrate that routine CBC results could significantly improve diagnosis of sepsis when combined with ML. The CBC model can facilitate early sepsis prediction in non-ICU patients with high robustness in external validations. Its implementation in clinical decision support systems has strong potential to provide an essential time advantage and increase patient safety.
Endovascular aortic repair in patients with Marfan and Loeys–Dietz syndrome is safe and durable when employed by a multi-disciplinary aortic team
Authors: Nucera Maria , Kreibich Maximilian , Yildiz Murat , Berger Tim , Kolb Rosa Klara , Kondov Stoyan , Kunzmann Sophie , Rylski Bartosz , Makaloski Vladimir , Siepe Matthias , Czerny Martin , Schoenhoff Florian S 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to report on mid-term outcomes after endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) in patients with Marfan (MFS) or Loeys–Dietz (LDS) syndrome.

METHODS
We analysed data from 2 European centres of patients with MFS and LDS undergoing EVAR. Patients were analysed based on (i) timing of the procedure (planned versus emergency procedure) and (ii) the nature of the landing zone (safe versus non-safe). The primary end-point was freedom from reintervention. Secondary end-points were freedom from stroke, bleeding and death.

RESULTS
A population of 419 patients with MFS (n = 352) or LDS (n = 67) was analysed for the purpose of this study. Thirty-nine patients (9%) underwent EVAR. Indications for thoracic endovascular aortic repair or EVAR were aortic dissection in 13 (33%) patients, aortic aneurysm in 22 (57%) patients and others (intercostal patch aneurysm, penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer, pseudoaneurysm, kinking of frozen elephant trunk (FET)) in 4 (10%) patients. Thoracic endovascular repair was performed in 34 patients, and abdominal endovascular aortic repair was performed in 5 patients. Mean age at 1st thoracic endovascular aortic repair/EVAR was 48.5 ± 15.4 years. Mean follow-up after 1st thoracic endovascular aortic repair/EVAR was 5.9 ± 4.4 years. There was no statistically significant difference in the rate of reinterventions between patients with non-safe landing zone and the patients with safe proximal landing zone (P = 0.609). Furthermore, there was no increased probability for reintervention after planned endovascular intervention compared to emergency procedures (P = 0.916). Mean time to reintervention, either open surgical or endovascular, after planned endovascular intervention was in median 3.9 years (95% confidence interval 2.0–5.9 years) and 2.0 years (95% confidence interval –1.1 to 5.1 years) (P = 0.23) after emergency procedures.

CONCLUSIONS
EVAR in patients with MFS and LDS and a safe landing zone is feasible and safe. Endovascular treatment is a viable option when employed by a multi-disciplinary aortic team even if the landing zone is in native tissue.