bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cell-cycle inhibition and immune microenvironment in breast cancer treated with ribociclib and letrozole or chemotherapy
Authors: Pascual Tomás , Fernandez-Martinez Aranzazu , Agrawal Yash , Pfefferle Adam D. , Chic Nuria , Brasó-Maristany Fara , Gonzàlez-Farré Blanca , Paré Laia , Villacampa Guillermo , Saura Cristina , Hernando Cristina , Muñoz Montserrat , Galván Patricia , Gonzàlez-Farré Xavier , Oliveira Mafalda , Gil-Gil Miguel , Ciruelos Eva , Villagrasa Patricia , Gavilá Joaquín , Prat Aleix , Perou Charles M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this study, we performed genomic analyses of cell cycle and tumor microenvironment changes during and after ribociclib and letrozole or chemotherapy in the CORALLEEN trial. 106 women with untreated PAM50-defined Luminal B early breast cancers were randomly assigned to receive neoadjuvant ribociclib and letrozole or standard-of-care chemotherapy. Ki67 immunohistochemistry, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes quantification, and RNA sequencing were obtained from tissue biopsies pre-treatment, on day 14 of treatment, and tumor specimens from surgical resection. Results showed that at surgery, Ki67 and the PAM50 proliferation scores were lower after ribociclib compared to chemotherapy. However, consistent reactivation of tumor cell proliferation from day 14 to surgery was only observed in the ribociclib arm. In tumors with complete cell cycle arrest (CCCA) at surgery, PAM50 proliferation scores were lower in the ribociclib arm compared to chemotherapy (p < 0.001), whereas the opposite was observed with tumor cellularity (p = 0.002). Gene expression signatures (GES) associated with antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and innate immune system activity showed increased expression post-chemotherapy but decreased expression post-ribociclib. Interferon-associated GES had decreased expression with CCCA and increased expression with non-CCCA. Our findings suggest that while both treatment strategies decreased proliferation, the depth and the patterns over time differed by treatment arm. Immunologically, ribociclib was associated with downregulated GES associated with APCs and the innate immune system in Luminal B tumors, contrary to existing preclinical data. Further studies are needed to understand the effect of CDK4/6 inhibition on the tumor cells and microenvironment, an effect which may vary according to tumor subtypes.
Microgravity effects on nonequilibrium melt processing of neodymium titanate: thermophysical properties, atomic structure, glass formation and crystallization
Authors: Wilke Stephen K. , Al-Rubkhi Abdulrahman , Koyama Chihiro , Ishikawa Takehiko , Oda Hirohisa , Topper Brian , Tsekrekas Elizabeth M. , Möncke Doris , Alderman Oliver L. G. , Menon Vrishank , Rafferty Jared , Clark Emma , Kastengren Alan L. , Benmore Chris J. , Ilavsky Jan , Neuefeind Jörg , Kohara Shinji , SanSoucie Michael , Phillips Brandon , Weber Richard 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe relationships between materials processing and structure can vary between terrestrial and reduced gravity environments. As one case study, we compare the nonequilibrium melt processing of a rare-earth titanate, nominally 83TiO2-17Nd2O3, and the structure of its glassy and crystalline products. Density and thermal expansion for the liquid, supercooled liquid, and glass are measured over 300–1850 °C using the Electrostatic Levitation Furnace (ELF) in microgravity, and two replicate density measurements were reproducible to within 0.4%. Cooling rates in ELF are 40–110 °C s−1 lower than those in a terrestrial aerodynamic levitator due to the absence of forced convection. X-ray/neutron total scattering and Raman spectroscopy indicate that glasses processed on Earth and in microgravity exhibit similar atomic structures, with only subtle differences that are consistent with compositional variations of ~2 mol. % Nd2O3. The glass atomic network contains a mixture of corner- and edge-sharing Ti-O polyhedra, and the fraction of edge-sharing arrangements decreases with increasing Nd2O3 content. X-ray tomography and electron microscopy of crystalline products reveal substantial differences in microstructure, grain size, and crystalline phases, which arise from differences in the melt processes.
Biodiversity–production feedback effects lead to intensification traps in agricultural landscapes
Authors: Burian Alfred , Kremen Claire , Wu James Shyan-Tau , Beckmann Michael , Bulling Mark , Garibaldi Lucas Alejandro , Krisztin Tamás , Mehrabi Zia , Ramankutty Navin , Seppelt Ralf 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntensive agriculture with high reliance on pesticides and fertilizers constitutes a major strategy for ‘feeding the world’. However, such conventional intensification is linked to diminishing returns and can result in ‘intensification traps’—production declines triggered by the negative feedback of biodiversity loss at high input levels. Here we developed a novel framework that accounts for biodiversity feedback on crop yields to evaluate the risk and magnitude of intensification traps. Simulations grounded in systematic literature reviews showed that intensification traps emerge in most landscape types, but to a lesser extent in major cereal production systems. Furthermore, small reductions in maximal production (5–10%) could be frequently transmitted into substantial biodiversity gains, resulting in small-loss large-gain trade-offs prevailing across landscape types. However, sensitivity analyses revealed a strong context dependence of trap emergence, inducing substantial uncertainty in the identification of optimal management at the field scale. Hence, we recommend the development of case-specific safety margins for intensification preventing double losses in biodiversity and food security associated with intensification traps.
Emerging roles of SIRT1 activator, SRT2104, in disease treatment
Authors: Chang Ning , Li Junyang , Lin Sufen , Zhang Jinfeng , Zeng Weiqiang , Ma Guoda , Wang Yajun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSilent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) is a NAD+-dependent class III deacetylase that plays important roles in the pathogenesis of numerous diseases, positioning it as a prime candidate for therapeutic intervention. Among its modulators, SRT2104 emerges as the most specific small molecule activator of SIRT1, currently advancing into the clinical translation phase. The primary objective of this review is to evaluate the emerging roles of SRT2104, and to explore its potential as a therapeutic agent in various diseases. In the present review, we systematically summarized the findings from an extensive array of literature sources including the progress of its application in disease treatment and its potential molecular mechanisms by reviewing the literature published in databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, and the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform. We focuses on the strides made in employing SRT2104 for disease treatment, elucidating its potential molecular underpinnings based on preclinical and clinical research data. The findings reveal that SRT2104, as a potent SIRT1 activator, holds considerable therapeutic potential, particularly in modulating metabolic and longevity-related pathways. This review establishes SRT2104 as a leading SIRT1 activator with significant therapeutic promise.
Temporal dynamics of urban gas pipeline risks
Authors: Rahimi Fatema , Sadeghi-Niaraki Abolghasem , Ghodousi Mostafa , Abuhmed Tamer , Choi Soo-Mi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractUrban gas pipelines pose significant risks to public safety and infrastructure integrity, necessitating thorough risk assessment methodologies to mitigate potential hazards. This study investigates the dynamics of population distribution, demographic characteristics, and building structures to assess the risk associated with gas pipelines. Using geospatial analysis techniques, we analyze population distribution patterns during both day and night periods. Additionally, we conduct an in-depth vulnerability assessment considering multiple criteria maps, highlighting areas of heightened vulnerability in proximity to gas pipelines and older buildings. This study incorporated the concept of individual risk and the intrinsic parameters of gas pipelines to develop a hazard map. Hazard analysis identifies areas with elevated risks, particularly around main pipeline intersections and high-pressure zones. Integrating hazard and vulnerability assessments, we generate risk maps for both day and night periods, providing valuable insights into spatial risk distribution dynamics. The findings underscore the importance of considering temporal variations in risk assessment and integrating demographic and structural factors into hazard analysis for informed decision-making in pipeline management and safety measures.
A new secure offloading approach for internet of vehicles in fog-cloud federation
Authors: Salami Yashar , Khajehvand Vahid , Zeinali Esmaeil 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe Internet of Vehicles (IoV) plays a crucial role in advancing intelligent transportation systems. However, due to limited processing power, IoV faces challenges in independently handling large volumes of data, necessitating the use of offloading as a solution. Offloading data in wireless environments raises security concerns, highlighting the need for robust data protection mechanisms. This study introduces a secure offloading (SO) scheme within the Fog-Cloud Federation for IoV. The proposed NSO-VFC scheme undergoes both informal and formal analysis using the Avispa tool, demonstrating resilience against active and passive attacks. Performance evaluations indicate that the security measures of NSO-VFC meet acceptable standards compared to similar approaches. Nonetheless, the heightened focus on security incurs higher computational and communication costs than alternative strategies. Simulation experiments using the NS3 tool involve varying numbers of IoVs (50, 70, and 100), revealing that increased IoV density correlates with enhanced packet delivery rates and throughput within the NSO-VFC scheme.
A Chinese named entity recognition model incorporating recurrent cell and information state recursion
Authors: Han Qingbin , Ma Jialin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractChinese is characterized by high syntactic complexity, chaotic annotation granularity, and slow convergence. Joint learning models can effectively improve the accuracy of Chinese Named Entity Recognition (NER), but they focus too much on local feature information and reduce the ability of long sequence feature extraction. To address the limitations of long sequence feature extraction ability, we propose a Chinese NER model called Incorporating Recurrent Cell and Information State Recursion (IRCSR-NER). The model integrates recurrent cells and information state recursion to improve the recognition ability of long entity boundaries. To solve the problem that Chinese and English have different focuses in syntactic analysis. We use the syntactic dependency approach to add lexical relationship information to sentences represented at the word level. The IRCSR-NER is applied to sequence feature extraction to improve the model efficiency and long-text feature extraction ability. The model captures contextual long-distance dependent information while focusing on local feature information. We evaluated our proposed model using four public datasets and compared it with other mainstream models. Experimental results demonstrate that our model outperforms traditional and mainstream models.
Space-like asymptotics of the thermal two-point functions of the XXZ spin-1/2 chain
Authors: Göhmann Frank , Kozlowski Karol K 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This work proposes a closed formula for the leading term of the large-distance and long-time asymptotics in a cone of the space-like regime for the transverse dynamical two-point functions of the XXZ spin 1/2 chain at finite temperatures. The result follows from a simple analysis of the thermal form factor series for dynamical correlation functions. The obtained leading asymptotics are driven by the Bethe Ansatz data associated with the first sub-leading eigenvalue of the quantum transfer matrix.
Study on blade vibration of centrifugal compressor - Forced responses caused by casing treatment
Authors: Yonemura Atsushi , Shimohara Naoto , Tokieda Katsunori , Numakura Ryusuke , Hattori Hiroaki 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
A casing treatment of centrifugal compressor for turbochargers is a very important device in aerodynamic performance improvement because it enables to expand an operating range of compressor. However, a rib existing in the circulation flow path of casing treatment is one of the factors causing a resonance problem. In this study, the relationship between a casing treatment and blade vibration was investigated by frequency response analysis that combines computational fluid dynamics and finite element method. As a result, it was clarified that the difference in the amount of vibration response and the excitation mechanism by the existence of rib.
Influence mechanism of tip clearance on flutter stability with different aerodynamic coupling effects for transonic compressor
Authors: Xin Jiali , He Zongze , Lv Xiaojing , Weng Yiwu 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Flutter is a highly destructive aeroelastic problem in modern compressors, which hinders the improvements of aero-engine performance and reliability. Because the aerodynamic work is mainly concentrated in the blade tip region, the tip clearance which is associated to the complex tip clearance flow has a considerable effect on the flutter stability. In this paper, in order to investigate the influence mechanism of the tip clearance on the flutter stability at different nodal diameters (ND), a series of compressor models were established with different tip clearances based on a transonic compressor rotor. The aerodynamic damping at each ND is obtained by influence coefficient method (ICM), while phase-shifted boundary method (PSB) is adopted to analyze the influence of the tip clearance on the flutter stability at different NDs. The results indicate the worst flutter stability for each tip clearance always appears at ND=1, where the aerodynamic damping exhibits a nonmonotonic trend of increasing first and decreasing thereafter along with the rising tip clearance. Two kinds of action are exerted by the tip clearance flow on the flow structures to alter the flutter stability: one is the tip clearance vortices which is generated on the suction side and impinge on the pressure side; the other is the interference of tip clearance vortices to the shock wave and to the flow separation. Besides, the influence of the changing aerodynamic coupling effect makes the above action bring about more drastic fluctuations to the unsteady pressure. At larger NDs, the unsteady pressure amplitude and phase fluctuate more sharply for larger tip clearances. Therefore, diverse change trends of the aerodynamic damping with the increasing tip clearance appear at different NDs, while the impingement of tip clearance vortices on the adjacent pressure side has a constantly stabilizing effect at different NDs.
Numerical simulation of gas-liquid two-phase flow in a disc pump under different inlet bubble diameters
Authors: Xia Yifan , Jiang Qifeng , Zhang Weibin , Heng Yaguang , Xiong Ping 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Visual investigation and numerical simulation were utilized to analyze the internal flow pattern transformation and bubble diameter variation of a gas-liquid two-phase flow disc pump. The results reveal that increasing the intake volume fraction (IGVF) from 1.12% to 27.67% changes the flow pattern in the suction chamber from bubbly to agglomerate bubbly, slug flow, and separated flow. Due to the particularity of the impeller structure of the disc pump, the blades in the leaf area of the front and rear cover plates play a barrier role. The gas phase gathers most violently at the edge of the blade in the leaf area, while the flow channel in the middle leafless area is wider and has higher permeability. At 1500r/min and 7.11% inlet volume void fraction, the local void fraction extreme value of the front edge of the blade in the blade area of the front cover plate increases to three times the initial void fraction, while the void fraction extreme value of the middle section of the bladeless area decreases to two-thirds of the initial void fraction. This research can be used to analyze the gas phase distribution and migration law in the disc pump impeller.
Experimental research on similarity deviation between prototype and model pumping systems
Authors: Zhu Feng , Zhang Rentian , Liu Xueqin , Chen Hao , Sun Meng , Zhou Wei 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
To investigate the reasons for the flowrate deviation of the prototype pumping systems between the measured value onsite and the calculated one by the similarity law, the energy characteristic relationship of the prototype and model pumping systems under different working conditions was compared and analyzed. It was pointed out that the hydraulic loss in the outlet passages caused by the residual velocity circulation is not similar. Using the method of vessel-mounted ADCP and water level gauges to measure the flowrates and heads of pumping stations, the energy characteristics of three typical pumping stations were obtained, and the comparisons with the characteristic curves of the pumping systems predicted by similarity law are made. It was found that there was a deviation between the two in most cases, and the similarity deviation of the elbow inlet and siphon outlet passages was greater than that of the straight pipe inlet and outlet passages. Meanwhile that the larger the blade angle (or the higher the rotational speed of pump), the greater the similarity deviation. Therefore, in the design of the pumping system, the energy characteristics of the model pumping system cannot be simply converted by the similarity law to predict the characteristics of the prototype pumping system, but the influence of different factors on the similarity deviation between the prototype and model pumping system should be considered carefully.
Research on the effect of various tongue types on large volute pumps
Authors: Han Zhenhua , Yang Shanshan , Chen Jia , Wang Wenjie 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In order to analyze the effect of different tongue type on large volute pump, this paper takes a large volute pump as the research object, and analyzes the calculation results of three different types of volute models. The commercial modeling software UG is used to construct the small tongue angle, partitioned and large tongue angle volute based on the volute of the model pump. The ANSYS CFX is used to complete the numerical calculations. Comparative analysis of the hydraulic performance and pressure pulsation near the tongue of the three large volute pumps with different types of volutes are carried out. The results show that the efficiency of the partitioned volute plan decreases significantly under the over-load condition, and the pressure pulsation near the tongue is melted under the design condition. The small tongue angle plan is more suitable for large volute pumps.
Investigation of radial force in a high-speed miniature pump
Authors: Song Xueyi , Zheng Kexin , Luo Xianwu 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
A high-speed miniature pump design is put forth for utilization in the aerospace sector, where the pump’s reliability holds critical importance under microgravity operational conditions. This study focuses on a dynamic bearing-equipped miniature centrifugal pump, chosen for its suitability in investigating radial forces. The prototype of the miniature pump is manufactured and tested by experiments at the rotational speed of 10,000r/min. A good agreement is observed between the numerical predictions and the experimental results. The radial force acting on different blade part has been analyzed for several flow rate conditions using the steady state CFD calculation. It has been found that the radial force exerted on the blade trailing edge exit is the main cause of the total radial force for the impeller. Moreover, using the unsteady CFD simulation, the evolution process of the radial force changing for both the direction and the magnitude with respect to the annular position due to the shaft rotation is discussed in details. The pressure pulsation is also monitored in impeller and volute casing. The results show that the amplitude of the unsteady radial force has a strong relationship with the time it takes for the blade trailing edge exit passing the volute tongue region, while the direction of the radial force hardly changes. The findings of this study contribute to facilitating the broader implementation of the high-speed miniature pump across diverse sectors of society.
New type of cavitation instability with peculiar frequency characteristic in liquid rocket inducer
Authors: Tamura Koki , Kawasaki Satoshi , Iga Yuka 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In a liquid rocket turbopump with low pressure and thin wall tanks, cavitation inevitably occurs at the inducer which is installed at the inlet of the turbopump. The cavities at each blade oscillate periodically, and the turbopump sometimes becomes unstable, called cavitation instability. Rotating cavitation is one of the common types of cavitation instability, in which the cavities at each inducer blade oscillate respectively and appear to propagate from blade to blade. However, the new type of cavitation instability which does not follow the conventional principle has been observed in our experiment with an inducer. Converting the frequency in the inertial frame to that in the rotational frame and organizing it in the cavitation number, it was found that the frequency of unsteady cavitation increases as the cavitation number decreases, and this is the peculiar point of this instability. Additionally, during the cavitation instability, a few numbers of backflow vortex cavities were observed and moved sub-synchronously from blade to blade. In addition, the tip leakage vortex cavitation on each blade also propagates like sub-synchronous rotating cavitation but in different propagation speed from that of the backflow vortex cavities. As a result, it was supposed that the new instability is one of the types of sub-synchronous rotating cavitation related to backflow vortex cavitation, tip leakage vortex cavitation, and interaction between cavity propagation and inducer blade.
Numerical investigation of axial force of a centrifugal pump in the reverse mode
Authors: Fathi Mohammad , Alemi Hamed , Raisee Mehrdad , Nourbakhsh Ahmad 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This paper numerically investigates the hydraulic performance and axial force of a low specific speed centrifugal pump in the turbine mode using the k - ω SST model. Numerical results are validated against the experimental data in the literature and a good agreement is observed. Results show that the rotation factor increases by flowrate, since the head, which is directly proportional to the transferred circumferential momentum, increases by the flowrate in the turbine mode. Moreover, values of rotation factors on both sides varies in radial direction due to geometrical parameters and, they reduce where larger axial gaps are present. Additionally, the pressure distributions on the hub and shroud sides are correlated with rotation factors on these areas. Interestingly, the axial position of the impeller plays an important role in the axial force of the PAT. By applying impeller movement of 5 mm from its original position, the point of zero axial force has shifted to higher flowrates and the maximum axial force is reduced 50%. Finally, with 10 mm movement of the impeller, the axial force exhibits distinct behavior so that its direction is preserved and, the returned magnitude is almost constant in the working range by 60% decrease in the maximum axial force.