bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chondrogenic potential of tragal perichondrium: A cause of hearing loss following stapedectomy
Authors: Benecke James E. , Gadre Arun K. , Linthicum Fred H. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractTragal perichondrium is a widely used tissue seal in the oval window following stapes surgery. Autogenous and easily accessible, it is a suitable substance to cover the vestibule in total stapedectomy, and to seal around the prosthesis in small‐fenestra stapedotomy. The incidence of complications from the use of perichondrium in this manner is exceedingly low.We report a case where tragal perichondrium in the oval window resulted in the proliferation of cartilage. The cartilage displaced the stapes prosthesis, resulting in a conductive loss. Although the chondrogenic potential of perichondrium is known, we are not aware of other reports implicating this as a cause of failure in stapes surgery. The pertinent clinical and experimental literature regarding chondrogenesis is reviewed. This information suggests that the formation of cartilage from perichondrium in the oval window might be influenced by mechanical trauma and tissue orientation.
Long-Term Control of Bone Turnover in Paget's Disease With Zoledronic Acid and Risedronate
Authors: Hosking David , Lyles Kenneth , Brown Jacques P , Fraser William D , Miller Paul , Curiel Manuel Diaz , Devogelaer Jean-Pierre , Hooper Michael , Su Guoqin , Zelenakas Ken , Pak Judy , Fashola Taiwo , Saidi Youssef , Eriksen Erik Fink , Reid Ian R 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA single 5-mg infusion of zoledronic acid restores biochemical markers of bone turnover into the reference range in the majority of patients with Paget's disease and maintains biochemical remission for at least 2 years. This effect is largely independent of pretreatment disease activity and prior bisphosphonate therapy.Introduction: Zoledronic acid (ZOL) is a potent bisphosphonate that produces a rapid and complete control of the increased bone turnover of Paget's disease. Long-term control of disease activity is an important aim of treatment in the hope that this will reduce the risk of complications such as deformity, fracture, and degenerative joint disease.Materials and Methods: This study compares the ability of ZOL 5 mg given as a 15-minute intravenous infusion with risedronate (RIS) 30 mg daily by mouth for 60 days to maintain long-term control of bone turnover. No bisphosphonate was given during the extension study. All patients (n = 296) who achieved a therapeutic response, defined as normalization or a &gt;75% reduction in the total alkaline phosphatase (total ALP) excess above the midpoint of the reference range, were eligible for inclusion.Results: ZOL maintained the mean level of total ALP at the middle of the reference range, whereas those treated with risedronate showed a linear increase in total ALP from the 6-month post-treatment time-point. Both treatments resulted in a linear relationship between the 6-month nadir and 24-month total ALP. The relationship for RIS was shifted upward, showing that for a given level of post-treatment biochemical activity, bone turnover increased with time. This was in contrast to the ZOL-treated patients where total ALP generally remained unchanged over this 18-month extension period. A similar pattern of response was seen with the other bone turnover markers.Conclusions: ZOL maintains bone turnover within the reference range over 24 months from the initiation of treatment. A reduction in the incidence and severity of long-term complications may require persistent normalization of bone turnover over many years, and this now seems a realistic possibility with ZOL.
TGF-β Promotes the Establishment of Renal Cell Carcinoma Bone Metastasis
Authors: Kominsky Scott L , Doucet Michele , Brady Kelly , Weber Kristy L 
Published: October 2006

Abstract
Bone metastases develop in ˜30% of patients with RCC, and the mechanisms responsible for this phenomenon are unknown. We found that TGF-β1 stimulation of RCC bone metastasis cells promotes tumor growth and bone destruction possibly by stimulating paracrine interactions between tumor cells and the bone.
Introduction: Bone metastasis is a frequent complication and causes marked morbidity in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Surprisingly, the specific mechanisms of RCC interaction with bone have been scarcely studied despite the inability to prevent or effectively treat bone metastasis. Bone is a reservoir for various growth factors including the pleiotropic cytokine TGF-β1. TGF-β1 has been shown to have tumor-supportive effects on advanced cancers and evidence suggests its involvement in promoting the development of breast cancer bone metastasis. Here, we studied the potential role of TGF-β1 in the growth of RCC bone metastasis (RBM).
Materials and Methods: To inhibit TGF-β1 signaling, RBM cells stably expressing a dominant-negative (DN) TGF-βRII cDNA were generated. The in vivo effect of TGF-β1 on RBM tumor growth and osteolysis was determined by histological and radiographic analysis, respectively, of athymic nude mice after intratibial injection of parental, empty vector, or DN RBM cells. The in vitro effect of TGF-β1 on RBM cell growth was determined after TGF-β1 treatment by MTT assay.
Results: TGF-β1 and the TGF-β receptors I and II (TGF-βRI/II) were consistently expressed in both RBM tissues and cell lines. Inhibition of TGF-β1 signaling in RBM cells significantly reduced tumor establishment and osteolysis observed in vivo after injection into the murine tibia, although no effect on tumor establishment was observed after injection of RBM cells subcutaneously or into the renal subcapsule. Treatment of five RBM cell lines with TGF-β1 in vitro either had no effect (2/5) or resulted in a significant inhibition (3/5) of cell growth, suggesting that TGF-β1 may promote RBM tumor growth indirectly in vivo.
Conclusions: TGF-β1 stimulation of RBM cells plays a role in promoting tumor growth and subsequent osteolysis in vivo, likely through the initiation of tumor-promoting paracrine interactions between tumor cells and the bone microenvironment. These data suggest that inhibition of TGF-β1 signaling may be useful in the treatment of RBM.
Multiplexed testing in the autoimmunity laboratory
Authors: González-Buitrago José M. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA variety of technologies for autoantibody profiling have been developed. The main techniques are line-blot immunoassays, bar-coded nanoparticle immunoassays, and bead-based assays with flow cytometry detection and antigen microarrays. Some of these technologies are only able to measure a limited number of autoantibodies, while others can detect elevated numbers. Assays for antinuclear antibody specificities using line-blot immunoassays and bead-based assays with flow cytometry detection are already commercialised. Antigen microarrays for autoantibody measurement are only in the development phase, although in the not too distant future these assays will probably appear on the market. Multiplexed testing in the autoimmunity laboratory appears to have a promising future, since this technique permits a reduction in analytical time, with a shorter turnaround time.Clin Chem Lab Med 2006;44:1169–74.
Uncertainty calculation for calibrators and controls of laboratory diagnostic assays
Authors: Konnert Andrea , Berding Christoph , Arends Sabine 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe uncertainty of the results from calibrators and controls is an important component of the overall uncertainty of the results of medical samples. The purpose of this note is to review procedures of standardization and to describe the respective calculation of the uncertainty components for calibrators and controls of commercial routine diagnostic assays. The authors hope that the laying out of the procedures for uncertainty calculation of routine calibrators and controls contributes (i) to the transparency on how this component of uncertainty is derived and (ii) to a better understanding and use of the uncertainty concept in the routine laboratory.Clin Chem Lab Med 2006;44:1175–82.
Colorings of hyperbolic plane crystallographic patterns
Authors: Peñas Ma. Louise Antonette N. De Las , Felix Rene P. , Laigo Glenn R. 
Published: October 2006

Abstract
In color symmetry the basic problem has always been to classify symmetrically colored symmetrical patterns [13]. An important step in the study of color symmetry in the hyperbolic plane is the determination of a systematic approach in arriving at colored symmetrical hyperbolic patterns. For a given uncolored semi-regular tiling with symmetry group G a hyperbolic plane crystallographic group, this question can be addressed by applying a general framework for coloring symmetrical patterns and using right coset colorings as a tool to study the subgroup structure of G. In this paper, we present colored patterns that emerge from the hyperbolic 3 · 4 · 3 · 4 · 3 · 3 tiling where all the symmetries of the uncolored tiling permute the colors of the patterns.
EMB-4: A Predicted ATPase That Facilitateslin-12Activity inCaenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Katic Iskra , Greenwald Iva 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe sel-6 gene was previously identified in a screen for suppressors of the egg-laying defect associated with hypermorphic alleles of lin-12 (Tax et al. 1997). Here we show that sel-6 and two other previously defined genes, mal-2 and emb-4, are the same gene, now called “emb-4.” We perform a genetic and molecular characterization of emb-4 and show that it functions cell autonomously as a positive regulator of lin-12 activity. Viable alleles identified as suppressors of lin-12 are partial loss-of-function mutations, whereas the null phenotype encompasses a range of lethal terminal phenotypes that apparently are not related to loss of lin-12/Notch signaling. emb-4 encodes a large nuclearly localized protein containing a predicted ATPase domain and has apparent orthologs in fission yeast, plants, and animals.
The Papilla Amplification Flap for the Treatment of a Localized Periodontal Defect Associated With a Palatal Groove
Authors: Zucchelli Giovanni , Mele Monica , Checchi Luigi 
Published: October 2006

Background: Teeth with a palatal groove often present with severe localized periodontal attachment loss including pocket formation and alveolar bone loss. The aim of the present case report was to describe the regenerative surgical treatment of periodontal and bone lesions associated with the subgingival extension of a palatal groove affecting a maxillary lateral incisor.Methods: The left maxillary lateral incisor of a systemically healthy young subject presented with a palatal probing depth of 10 mm with no gingival recession at the buccal and palatal surfaces; the neighboring interdental papillae were intact. The radiograph showed a radiolucency area distal to the affected tooth. Treatment procedures consisted of: 1) the papilla amplification flap with the use of enamel matrix proteins as the regenerative periodontal material; 2) the elimination/flattening of the radicular portion of the palatal groove; and 3) the sealing of the coronal portion of the groove with composite flow.Results: The clinical examination at 1 year revealed a clinical attachment gain (8 mm) with a shallow residual probing depth (2 mm) and no increase in gingival recession. The radiographic examination showed the complete disappearance of the radiolucency area suggesting bone fill.Conclusions: The present study indicated that localized periodontal defects associated with a palatal groove can be successfully treated by means of the papilla amplification flap with the use of enamel matrix protein as the regenerative material. The long‐term stability of such successful results needs to be determined.
High Expression Levels of Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor‐Kappa B Ligand Associated With Human Chronic Periodontitis Are Mainly Secreted by CD4+ T Lymphocytes
Authors: Vernal Rolando , Dutzan Nicolás , Hernández Marcela , Chandía Sabrita , Puente Javier , León Rubén , García Leyre , Valle Ignacio Del , Silva Augusto , Gamonal Jorge 
Published: October 2006

Background: Chronic periodontitis is an infectious disease characterized by alveolar bone destruction and teeth loss. Receptor activator of nuclear factor‐kappa B ligand (RANKL) is an osteoclastogenic cytokine, a central regulatory factor in the osteoclast's lifespan, and a participant in physiological and pathological bone resorption. Gingival T cells synthesize RANKL, contributing to molecular local imbalance that entails the alveolar bone resorption seen in periodontitis. Our study was aimed at associating the levels of RANKL with the CD4+ T‐cell activity present in gingival tissues of chronic periodontitis patients.Methods: Gingival biopsies were obtained from 33 chronic periodontitis patients and 20 healthy controls. Specimens were either formalin fixed and paraffin embedded for real‐time reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) and histologic analysis or tissue digestion processed for cell culture and flow‐cytometry analysis. RANKL mRNA and protein levels were determined by quantitative RT‐PCR and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in gingival‐cell culture supernatants. Gingival leukocytes were quantified by flow cytometry. RANKL and CD4 immunoreactivity were analyzed by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy.Results: RANKL mRNA levels were higher in patients with periodontitis than in healthy subjects, and spontaneous and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐ and phytohemagglutinin (PHA)‐stimulated RANKL synthesis were higher also in patients than controls. CD4+ T lymphocytes were the predominant infiltrate cell subset present in gingival tissues of periodontitis patients. Furthermore, an association between RANKL and CD4+ T cells was determined by double‐staining flow cytometry and confocal microscopy.Conclusion: Taken together, these data demonstrate that gingival CD4+ T cells are the main cells responsible for higher levels of RANKL observed in human chronic periodontitis patients.
Lack of Association Between Periodontal Parameters and Preeclampsia
Authors: Khader Yousef S. , Jibreal Muna , Al‐Omiri Mahmoud , Amarin Zouhair 
Published: October 2006

Background: It was hypothesized that periodontal diseases may increase the risk of preeclampsia. To test this hypothesis, this study was conducted to determine the association between periodontal parameters and preeclampsia among women in the north of Jordan.Methods: A case‐control study was conducted among women who gave birth at Princes Badea Teaching Hospital between September 2004 and May 2005. A total of 115 preeclamptic women and 230 randomly selected controls were analyzed. The number of teeth, restorations, decayed tooth surfaces, and clinical periodontal parameters were determined within 24 hours after delivery. Information regarding participants' demographics, antenatal history, and family history were collected through personal interviews.Results: After adjustment for potential confounding factors, there were no statistical differences between preeclamptic cases and normotensive controls with regard to mean periodontal probing depth, mean clinical attachment loss, mean gingival recession, mean plaque index, and mean gingival index. In addition, there were no significant differences in the percentages of sites with periodontal probing depth ≥3 or ≥4 mm, percentages of sites with clinical attachment loss ≥3 mm, number of filled surfaces, and number of missing teeth. Only the number of decayed surfaces was found to be associated with increased odds of preeclampsia (adjusted odds ratio of 1.13; 95% confidence interval of 1.02 and 1.25).Conclusion: This study did not support the hypothesis of an association between periodontal parameters and preeclampsia.
The Effects of Interproximal Distance Between Roots on the Existence of Interdental Papillae According to the Distance From the Contact Point to the Alveolar Crest
Authors: Cho Hae‐Sung , Jang Hyun‐Seon , Kim Dong‐Kie , Park Joo‐Cheol , Kim Heung‐Joong , Choi Seong‐Ho , Kim Chong‐Kwan , Kim Byung‐Ock 
Published: October 2006

Background: This study investigated the existence of interdental papillae at certain distances from the contact point to the alveolar crest, depending on the interproximal distance between roots.Methods: A total of 206 papillae from 80 patients were examined after the inflammation of the papillae had been minimized using non‐surgical periodontal therapy. The existence of the interdental papillae was determined using the following categorization: 1) papillae were deemed to be absent if they did not extend all the way up to the contact point between the teeth; and 2) papillae were determined to be present if they filled up to the entire proximal space. The interproximal distance between roots and the distance from the contact point to the alveolar crest were measured when a full‐thickness flap was used. The number of papillae present interproximally between roots, according to the distance from the contact point to the alveolar crest, was analyzed using the ×2 analysis method, and the linear‐by‐linear association analysis method was used for trend analysis.Results: The number of papillae that filled the interproximal space decreased with increasing distance from the contact point to the alveolar crest (P <0.05). In addition, the number of papillae that filled the interproximal space decreased with increasing interproximal distance between roots (P <0.05) and became more prominently decreasing with the increasing distance from the contact point to the alveolar crest (especially 4, 5, and 6 mm) (P <0.05).Conclusion: The results suggest that the interproximal distance between roots and the distance between the contact point and the alveolar crest have an independent and combined effect on the existence of interproximal papillae.
A Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF)/Receptor Autocrine Loop Regulates Constitutive Self‐Renewal of Human Periodontal Ligament Cells but Reduces Sensitivity to Exogenous HGF
Authors: Kawase Tomoyuki , Okuda Kazuhiro , Yoshie Hiromasa 
Published: October 2006

Background: In addition to its prominent role in liver regeneration, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is now generally thought to be produced by mesenchymal cells to promote the regeneration of epithelial tissue by a paracrine mechanism. However, it is not known how or if HGF could be involved in the regeneration of periodontal tissues. The purpose of this study was to characterize the ability of normal human periodontal ligament (PDL) cells to produce or respond to HGF.Methods: PDL cells derived from healthy young volunteers were used from passages four through 10. HGF receptors were detected both by immunocytochemical staining and Western‐blotting analysis. Both DNA synthesis (by bromo‐deoxyuridine [BrdU]‐incorporation) and secreted HGF were quantified by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays. Mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation was also analyzed by Western blot.Results: Despite the immunocytochemical demonstration of HGF receptor protein in the cytoplasm and on the plasma membrane of PDL cells, exogenous recombinant human HGF did not exert the mitogenic effects expected. As reported for other mesenchymal cells, PDL cells were found to secrete HGF. Treatments with neutralizing anti‐HGF antibody significantly suppressed constitutive PDL cell proliferation and sustained the receptor protein at higher levels than in non‐treated cells. Under these conditions, exogenous HGF rapidly phosphorylated extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK), an action linked to the cell proliferation and downregulation of cell‐surface receptors.Conclusions: Unlike other known mesenchymal or epithelial cells, these findings suggest that normal PDL cells from young donors possess a constitutive HGF/receptor autocrine loop that normally regulates their replacement self‐proliferation but reduces sensitivity to exogenously applied HGF by acute receptor downregulation.
Solitary Superficial Microcystic Lymphatic Malformation (Lymphangioma Circumscriptum) of the Gingiva
Authors: Kalpidis Christos D.R. , Lysitsa Stella N. , Kolokotronis Alexandros E. , Samson Jacky , Lombardi Tommaso 
Published: October 2006

Background: Lymphatic malformations are uncommon, hamartomatous, developmental aberrations of the lymphatic system. The case presented in this report is a rare solitary gingival involvement of a microcystic‐type lymphatic malformation.Methods: The lesion presented clinically as a small vesicular swelling of a buccal interdental papilla in a 16‐year‐old girl. Involved tissues were excised and submitted for routine histologic examination. The expression of the endothelial marker CD34 was investigated using immunohistochemical staining.Results: A physical examination failed to reveal similar or other abnormalities elsewhere in the body of the patient, including the oral cavity. Histopathologic analysis of the specimen demonstrated the presence of subepithelial, thin‐walled, distended vascular cavities forming confluent vesicles containing lymph. The dilated lymphatic formations were lined by flattened CD34‐negative endothelial cells. These features were consistent with a microcystic gingival lymphatic malformation. To the best of our knowledge, only two additional reports of this malformation have been published to date, but both presented with bilateral gingival involvement.Conclusion: Even though lymphatic malformations are encountered very infrequently on gingiva, they should be considered in the differential diagnosis of related conditions with a vesicular clinical appearance.
Histologic Evaluation of Implants Following Flapless and Flapped Surgery: A Study in Canines
Authors: Becker William , Wikesjö Ulf M.E. , Sennerby Lars , Qahash Mohammed , Hujoel Philippe , Goldstein Moshe , Turkyilmaz Ilser 
Published: October 2006

Background: Flapless surgery requires penetration of the alveolar mucosa and bone without reflection of mucoperiosteal flaps. Do these techniques force gingival tissue or foreign materials into osteotomies? If so, do such tissues or materials interfere with osseointegration? A proof‐of‐principle study using a canine model attempted to answer these questions.Methods: Five young adult Hound Labrador mongrel dogs received implants with a moderately roughened surface by anodic oxidation using flapless or conventional one‐stage (control) surgery in contralateral jaw quadrants. The implants were placed into the osteotomies, and the international stability quotient (ISQ) was recorded using resonance frequency analysis. These measurements were repeated following a 3‐month healing interval when the animals were euthanized, and implants and surrounding tissues were retrieved and processed for histologic analysis.Results: The implants were stable upon insertion and demonstrated increased stability at 3 months without significant differences between surgical protocols. The histologic evaluation showed high bone‐implant contact (flapless surgery: 54.7% ± 8.4%; control: 52.2% ± 13.0%; P >0.05) without evidence of gingival tissue or foreign body inclusions. There were no significant differences in marginal bone levels between the surgical protocols. Post‐insertion and at 3 months, ISQ values depended on the amount of torque delivered. Immediately post‐insertion, for every 1‐unit increase in torque value, the ISQ increased by 0.3 (95% confidence interval: 0.1 to 0.4; P = 0.0043). Three months postoperatively, for every one‐unit increase in torque the ISQ value decreased 0.2 (95% confidence interval: −0.4 to −0.1; P = 0.0012). The effect of torque on ISQ values was independent of treatment effects and remained significant after adjustment for treatment.Conclusions: The results suggest that implants placed without flap reflection remain stable and exhibit clinically relevant osseointegration similar to when implants are placed with flapped procedures. Greater torque at implant placement resulted in less implant stability at 3 months.