bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Planetary Nebula NGC 2818: Revealing its complex 3D morphology
Authors: Derlopa S , Akras S , Amram P , Boumis P , Chiotellis A , de Oliveira C Mendes 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT
We carry out an advanced morpho-kinematic analysis of the Planetary Nebula (PN) NGC 2818, whose complex morphology is described by a basic bipolar component, filamentary structures and a knotty central region. We performed an upgrated 3D Morpho-kinematic (MK) model by employing the shape software, combining for the first time in PNe optical 2D spatially resolved echelle spectra and Fabry–Perot data cubes. The best-fitting 3D model of NGC 2818 successfully reconstructs the main morphology, considering one bipolar component, radial filamentary structures, and an equatorial component as the geometrical locus of the group of cometary knots. The model shows that the equatorial component has the lower expansion velocity of the system at 70 ± 20 km s−1. The velocity of the bipolar component is 120 ± 20 km s−1, while all the filamentary structures were found to expand at higher velocities of 180 ± 20 km s−1. Moreover, Fabry–Perot data revealed for the first time a north-eastern filament expanding at a mean velocity of 80 ± 20 km s−1, while its equivalent counterpart in the south-western region was confirmed by a new detected substructure in the echelle data. A new detected knotty structure at velocity −40 ± 20 km s−1 is also reported, as expelled material from the fragmented eastern lobe of the nebula. We interpret the overall structure of NGC 2818 as the result of the evolution of a binary system that underwent the common envelope phase, in conjunction with the ejections of a magnetized jet, misaligned with respect to the symmetry axis of the bipolar/elliptical shell.
The turbulent variability of accretion discs observed at high energies
Authors: Mummery Andrew , Turner Samuel G D 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT
We use numerical stochastic-viscosity hydrodynamic simulations and new analytical results from thin disc theory to probe the turbulent variability of accretion flows, as observed at high energies. We show that the act of observing accretion discs in the Wien tail exponentially enhances small-scale temperature variability in the flow, which in a real disc will be driven by magnetohydrodynamic turbulence, to large-amplitude luminosity fluctuations (as predicted analytically). In particular, we demonstrate that discs with more spatially coherent turbulence (as might be expected of thicker discs), and relativistic discs observed at larger inclinations, show significant enhancement in their Wien tail variability. We believe that this is the first analysis of relativistic viewing angle effects on turbulent variability in the literature. Using these results, we argue that tidal disruption events represent particularly interesting systems with which to study accretion flow variability, and may in fact be the best astrophysical probes of small-scale disc turbulence. This is a result of a typical tidal disruption event disc being naturally observed in the Wien tail and likely having a somewhat thicker disc and cleaner X-ray spectrum than other sources. We argue for dedicated X-ray observational campaigns of tidal disruption events, with the aim of studying accretion flow variability.
Role of future SNIa data from Rubin LSST in reinvestigating cosmological models
Authors: Shah Rahul , Mitra Ayan , Mukherjee Purba , Pal Barun , Pal Supratik 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT
We study how future Type Ia supernovae (SNIa) standard candles detected by the Vera C. Rubin Observatory (LSST) can constrain some cosmological models. We use a realistic 3-yr SNIa simulated data set generated by the LSST Dark Energy Science Collaboration time domain pipeline, which includes a mix of spectroscopic and photometrically identified candidates. We combine these data with cosmic microwave background (CMB) and baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) measurements to estimate the dark energy model parameters for two models – the baseline Lambda cold dark matter (ΛCDM) and Chevallier–Polarski–Linder (CPL) dark energy parametrization. We compare them with the current constraints obtained from the joint analysis of the latest real data from the Pantheon SNIa compilation, CMB from Planck 2018 and BAO. Our analysis finds tighter constraints on the model parameters along with a significant reduction of correlation between H0 and σ8,0. We find that LSST is expected to significantly improve upon the existing SNIa data in the critical analysis of cosmological models.
How time weathers galaxies: the temporal impact of the cluster environment on galaxy formation and evolution
Authors: O’Neil Stephanie , Borrow Josh , Vogelsberger Mark , Zhao Hanzhang , Wang Bing 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT
We illuminate the altered evolution of galaxies in clusters compared to central galaxies by tracking galaxies in the IllustrisTNG300 simulation as they enter isolated clusters of mass 1013 &lt; M200,mean/M⊙ &lt; 1015 (at z = 0). We demonstrate significant trends in galaxy properties with residence time (time since first infall) and that there is a population of galaxies that remain star forming even many Gyr after their infall. By comparing the properties of galaxies at their infall time to their properties at z = 0, we show how scaling relations, like the stellar-to-halo mass ratio, shift as galaxies live in the cluster environment. Galaxies with a residence time of 10 Gyr increase their stellar-to-halo mass ratio, by around 1 dex. As measurements of the steepest slope of the galaxy cluster number density profile (Rst), frequently used as a proxy for the splashback radius, have been shown to depend strongly on galaxy selection, we show how Rst depends on galaxy residence time. Using galaxies with residence times less than one cluster crossing time (≈5 Gyr) to measure Rst leads to significant offsets relative to using the entire galaxy population. Galaxies must have had the opportunity to ‘splash back’ to the first caustic to trace out a representative value of Rst, potentially leading to issues for galaxy surveys using ultraviolet-selected galaxies. Our work demonstrates that the evolution of cluster galaxies continues well into their lifetime in the cluster and departs from a typical central galaxy evolutionary path.
Scaling and universality in the temporal occurrence of repeating FRBs
Authors: Du Yan-Qi , Wang Ping , Song Li-Ming , Xiong Shao-Lin 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT
Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs) are energetic phenomena that have significant implications for understanding fundamental physics and the Universe. Recent observations of FRB 121102, FRB 20220912A, and FRB 20201124A by the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope showed high-burst rates and distinctive energy distribution and temporal properties. In this study, we examine these observations to investigate the scale invariance of the waiting times between bursts for intervals longer than approximately 1 s. Our analysis revealed a unified scaling law for these longer intervals, which is similar to the behaviour of solar flares. This discovery inspires us to suggest a dual analogy of the FRB scenario across the entire time intervals: with earthquake dynamics at subsecond scales and with solar flare dynamics beyond the one-second threshold. This threshold potentially aligns with the dynamic time-scale of neutron star crusts, offering insight of the occurrence of FRBs into the internal processes of neutron stars.
Quest for a stable Cu-ligand complex with a high catalytic activity to produce reactive oxygen species
Authors: Bouraguba Merwan , Schmitt Adeline M , Yelisetty Venkata Suseela , Vileno Bertrand , Melin Frédéric , Glattard Elise , Orvain Christophe , Lebrun Vincent , Raibaut Laurent , Ilbert Marianne , Bechinger Burkhard , Hellwig Petra , Gaiddon Christian , Sour Angélique , Faller Peter 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Metal ion–catalyzed overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is believed to contribute significantly to oxidative stress and be involved in several biological processes, from immune defense to development of diseases. Among the essential metal ions, copper is one of the most efficient catalysts in ROS production in the presence of O2 and a physiological reducing agent such as ascorbate. To control this chemistry, Cu ions are tightly coordinated to biomolecules. Free or loosely bound Cu ions are generally avoided to prevent their toxicity. In the present report, we aim to find stable Cu-ligand complexes (Cu-L) that can efficiently catalyze the production of ROS in the presence of ascorbate under aerobic conditions. Thermodynamic stability would be needed to avoid dissociation in the biological environment, and high ROS catalysis is of interest for applications as antimicrobial or anticancer agents. A series of Cu complexes with the well-known tripodal and tetradentate ligands containing a central amine linked to three pyridyl-alkyl arms of different lengths were investigated. Two of them with mixed arm length showed a higher catalytic activity in the oxidation of ascorbate and subsequent ROS production than Cu salts in buffer, which is an unprecedented result. Despite these high catalytic activities, no increased antimicrobial activity toward Escherichia coli or cytotoxicity against eukaryotic AGS cells in culture related to Cu-L–based ROS production could be observed. The potential reasons for discrepancy between in vitro and in cell data are discussed.
The Effect of Nicotine-Containing Products on Peri-Implant Tissues: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis
Authors: Vámos Orsolya , Komora Péter , Gede Noémi , Hegyi Péter , Kelemen Kata , Varga Gábor , Mikulás Krisztina , Kerémi Beáta , Kispélyi Barbara 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Smokers have a higher chance of developing peri-implant diseases and are therefore considered an at-risk population. Our aim was to compare peri-implant characteristics in users of electronic cigarettes (EC), waterpipes (WP), cigarettes (CS), smokeless tobacco (ST), and nonsmokers (nonusers of any nicotine and tobacco product; NS).

Aims and Methods
A systematic search of four electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and CENTRAL) was performed until April 2023, restricted to English language. Thirty-nine observational studies were included in the qualitative synthesis, of which 32 studies were included in a Bayesian network meta-analysis. Using a predesigned form, two researchers independently collected data about marginal bone loss (MBL), probing pocket depth (PPD), plaque index, bleeding on probing, modified plaque index, probing pocket depth &gt; 4 mm (PPD &gt; 4), gingival index, peri-implant sulcular fluid volume, and TNF-α and IL-1β levels. QUIPS and CINeMA were used to evaluate the risk of bias and certainty of evidence.

Results
Nonsmokers had the smallest MBL. Most nicotine-containing product users had significantly higher MBL (CS, mean difference [MD]: 1.34 credible interval [CrI]: 0.85, 1.79; WP, MD: 1.58 CrI: 0.84, 2.35; ST, MD: 2.53, CrI: 1.20, 3.87) than NS. Electronic cigarettes did not show significant difference compared to NS (MD: 0.52 CrI: −0.33, 1.36). In secondary outcomes, NS were ranked in first place. Subset analysis based on smoking habit, implant duration, and maintenance control revealed no differences in ranking probability.

Conclusions
Most nicotine-containing product users presented worse peri-implant parameters compared to NS, while EC users did not show significant differences to NS in many outcomes.

Implications
Alternative nicotine-containing products are gaining popularity and are often considered less harmful by the general public compared to traditional cigarettes. This is the first network meta-analysis comparing users of four nicotine-containing products and NS. This study shows that CS, WP, and ST have a detrimental effect on the overall health of peri-implant tissues. EC users also presented inferior parameters compared to NS; however, the difference was not significant in many outcomes. It is essential to educate patients who are using nicotine-containing products, and to provide proper maintenance and appropriate cessation support. Well-designed multiarmed studies are needed for direct comparison of different products, including heated tobacco products. Greater transparency of confounding factors is needed regarding smoking habit and oral hygiene.
Nonstationary Laguerre–Gaussian states in a Magnetic Field
Authors: Sizykh G K , Chaikovskaia A D , Grosman D V , Pavlov I I , Karlovets D V 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The Landau states of electrons with orbital angular momentum in magnetic fields are important in the quantum theories of metals and of synchrotron radiation at storage rings, in relativistic astrophysics of neutron stars, and in many other areas. In realistic scenarios, electrons are often born inside the field or injected from a field-free region, requiring nonstationary quantum states to account for boundary or initial conditions. This study presents nonstationary Laguerre–Gaussian (NSLG) states in a longitudinal magnetic field, characterizing vortex electrons after their transfer from vacuum to the field. Comparisons with Landau states and calculations of observables such as mean energy and root-mean-square (r.m.s.) radius show that the r.m.s. radius of the electron packet in the NSLG state oscillates in time around a significantly larger value than that of the Landau state. This quantum effect of oscillations is due to boundary conditions and can potentially be observed in various problems, particularly when using magnetic lenses of electron microscopes and linear accelerators. Analogies are drawn between a quantum wave packet and a classical beam of many particles in phase space, including the calculation of mean emittance of the NSLG state as a measure of its quantum nature.
On the Magnitudes of some CKM Matrix Elements
Authors: Ligeti Zoltan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This write-up follows the presentation at the symposium, with emphasis on topics and ideas discussed there. It is purposefully informal, not a review of the field, and neither does it include a complete list of references. However, I hope that readers might find somwe comments useful or amusing, and may appreciate the challenges and reasons for excitement about recent progress and future opportunities in flavor physics.
Changes over time of fruit, vegetable and sweets consumption among European adolescents and associations with sociodemographic characteristics: an HBSC study
Authors: Queral Judit , Wargers Annemieke , Tarro Lucia , Llauradó Elisabet , Solà Rosa , Jansen Wilma 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
European adolescents do not eat enough fruits and vegetables and have a high sweets consumption. This study aims to analyse the changes in time of dietary behaviours related to sociodemographic characteristics, among European adolescents.

Methods
Health Behaviour in School Age Children data (2013/14 to 2017/18), of European adolescents, aged 11- to15-year-old, were used. Family Affluence Scale identified socioeconomic status (SES). Changes in time of dietary behaviours and associations with sociodemographic characteristics were estimated by binary and multilevel logistic regression.

Results
182 719 adolescents were included, and 10/36 European countries showed a significant increase in daily fruit and vegetable consumption and 12/36 countries a significant decrease in sweets consumption over 4 years. The multilevel analysis showed that 13- and 15-year-old adolescents consumed fewer daily fruits and vegetables (P &lt; 0.001) and more daily sweets (P &lt; 0.001) than 11-year-old adolescents. Also, 15-year-old adolescents’ sweets consumption change over time was less favourable (P = 0.006). Girls consumed more daily fruits, vegetables and sweets than boys (P &lt; 0.001).
Low SES adolescents consumed fewer daily fruits and vegetables than medium/high SES adolescents. Additionally, the low SES adolescents’ vegetable consumption change over time was less favourable (P &lt; 0.001).

Conclusions
Dietary behaviour policy recommendations should be adapted for the sex, age and SES of the population.
Registered reports and associated benefits for agricultural economics
Authors: Arpinon Thibaut , Lefebvre Marianne 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe distribution of published scientific evidence is biased. There is accumulating evidence of the frequent use of questionable publishing practices and questionable research practices, and current solutions are limited. This has important undesirable consequences for policy-oriented areas such as agricultural economics. In this article, we discuss a potential solution: Registered Reports. We first provide an overview of the Registered Report publication format. We demonstrate how Registered Reports outperform pre-registration, while also efficiently contributing to reducing questionable research practices, canceling questionable publishing practices, and providing more reliable results that can inform evidence-based policymaking. Second, we present a benchmark of Registered Reports in economics today and discuss potential barriers using survey data from economic journal editors. Lastly, we highlight the importance of developing the Registered Report publication format in agricultural economics.
Evaluation of Social Interventions with People with Disabilities: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Mira-Aladrén Marta , Martín-Peña Javier , Gil-Lacruz Marta 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This article aims to review the scientific production on social interventions (SI) in the field of persons with disabilities (PWD) and their families and to analyze its evaluations. To do so, it starts from the context of the social model of care of the United Nation’s Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and the sustainable development goals, and the evaluation of SI. The methodology proposes a systematic review of the existing literature on SI with PWD and their evaluation, based on the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis (or PRISMA) model, including 19 articles. The results highlight issues such as the scarcity of publications with evaluations, the lack of homogeneity in the evaluation indicators used, the large number of interventions related to intellectual disability, and a large proportion of community interventions. This scoping review assists future research to consider different questions about evaluation indicators and implementation of the social model or social inclusion, among others.
Blessing applications: a new interventionism?
Authors: Holden Andrew 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The court’s traditional approach to applications by trustees to approve or ‘bless’ the exercise of their fiduciary discretions is one of judicial restraint, but in recent authority, there has been an increasing trend towards judicial intervention in the merits of the trustee’s decision. This article analyses that trend and considers how practitioners can maximise the prospects of successfully securing the court’s blessing for important trustee decisions.
Testamentary undue influence in Australia: should it be reformed?
Authors: de Mestre Mary-Ann , Kha Henry 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Testamentary undue influence is a doctrine distinct from the equitable doctrine of undue influence. The requirements to prove testamentary undue influence have caused academic and judicial criticism questioning whether the doctrine adequately safeguards the vulnerable testator. As the aged population increases, it is increasingly important to re-examine the level of protection afforded by the doctrine. The doctrine of testamentary undue influence should be modified to be closer in line with equitable undue influence in inter vivos transfers to enable succession law to promote more just outcomes that uphold the true intention of testators in contemporary Australia.
Tempol effect on oxidative and mitochondrial markers in preclinical models for prostate cancer
Authors: Rossetto Isabela Maria Urra , Santos Felipe Rabelo , da Silva Heloina Mariano , Minatel Elaine , Mesquitta Mariana , Salvador Marcos José , Montico Fábio , Cagnon Valéria Helena Alves 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Tempol is a redox-cycling nitroxide considered a potent antioxidant. The present study investigated the tempol effects on oxidative stress and mitochondrial markers on prostate cancer (PCa).

Methods
PC-3 and LnCaP cells were exposed to tempol. Cell viability test, western blot and Amplex Red analyses were performed. In vivo, five experimental groups evaluated tempol effects in the early (CT12 and TPL12 groups) and late stages (CT20, TPL20-I, and TLP20-II) of PCa development. The TPL groups were treated with 50 or 100 mg/kg tempol doses. Control groups received water as the vehicle. The ventral lobe of the prostate and the blood were collected and submitted to western blotting or enzymatic activity analyses.

Results
In vitro, tempol decreased cell viability and differentially altered the H2O2 content for PC-3 and LNCaP. Tempol increased SOD2 levels in both cell lines and did not alter Catalase protein levels. In vivo, tempol increased SOD2 levels in the early stage and did not change Catalase levels in the different PCa stages. Systemically, tempol decreased SOD2 levels in the late-stage and improved redox status in the early and late stages, which was confirmed by reduced LDH in tempol groups. Alterations on energetic metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation were observed in TRAMP model.

Conclusion
Tempol can be considered a beneficial therapy for PCa treatment considering its antioxidant and low toxicity properties, however the PCa progression must be evaluated to get successful therapy.
Cycasin derivative: a potential embryotoxic component of Atractylodes macrocephala rhizome for limb malformation
Authors: Xie Hongliang , Zhang Aolin , Li Junwei , Mou Xuan , He Tao , Yeung Tsz Ching , Lau Clara Bik San , Zuo Zhong , Li Ping , Kennelly Edward J , Leung Ping Chung , Tang Yu , Fan Xiaohui , Wang Chi Chiu , Li Lu 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objective
The rhizome of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz. (Asteraceae), called Atractylodes macrocephala rhizome (AMR) and known by its traditional name Bai Zhu, is a prominent Chinese herbal medicine employed for preventing miscarriage. However, our previous study revealed that high dosages of AMR administered during pregnancy could cause embryotoxicity but the specific embryotoxic components and their underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to screen and identify the potential embryotoxic components of AMR.

Methods
The AMR extracts and sub-fractions were analyzed by thin layer chromatography and subsequently screened by in vitro mouse limb bud micromass and mouse whole embryo culture bioassays. The embryotoxic fractions from AMR were further evaluated in vivo using a pregnant mouse model. The structures of the potential embryotoxic components were analyzed using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS).

Results
In vitro and in vivo bioassays revealed that AMR glycoside-enriched sub-fractions (AMR-A-IIa and AMR-A-IIb) exhibited potential embryotoxicity. These sub-fractions, when administered to pregnant animals, increased the incidence of stillbirth and congenital limb malformations. MS spectrometry analysis identified cycasin derivatives in both sub-fractions, suggesting their possible role in the observed limb malformations. However, further experiments are necessary to validate this hypothesis and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.

Conclusions
Our study provides significant scientific evidence on the pharmacotoxicity of AMR, which is important for the safe clinical application of commonly used Chinese herbal medicines during pregnancy.