bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Desire for Higher Education in First-Generation Hispanic College Students Enrolled in an Academic Support Program: A Phenomenological Analysis
Authors: Olive Tamara 
Published: June 2008

AbstractNumerous empirical studies have been conducted to examine first-generation college students, those individuals whose parents have not attended college. Their personality characteristics, cognitive development, academic preparation, and first-year performance have all been topics of research; yet there appears to be little in the literature exploring the motivation of these individuals to seek higher education. There are even fewer studies targeting academic motivation in Hispanic students. The purpose of this study is to conduct a phenomenological examination of the desire to attend college among first generation Hispanic students participating in an academic support program. One-hour taped interviews were conducted with three volunteer participants enrolled in the Student Support Services program at Sul Ross State University. Meaning units and constituents were extracted, and general structures were developed using the Descriptive Phenomenological Method (Giorgi, 1985). The phenomenological analysis resulted in two structures that address the effectiveness of academic outreach programming and identify the roles of self-efficacy, successful experiences in high school, a desire for improved socioeconomic status, a need to contribute to the well-being of others, a break with tradition, and the influence of respected role models in facilitating a desire for higher education in first-generation Hispanic college students.
Impaired CD163-mediated hemoglobin-scavenging and severe toxic symptoms in patients treated with gemtuzumab ozogamicin
Authors: Maniecki Maciej Bogdan , Hasle Henrik , Friis-Hansen Lennart , Lausen Birgitte , Nielsen Ove Juul , Bendix Knud , Moestrup Søren Kragh , Møller Holger Jon 
Published: June 2008

Abstract
We describe a novel syndrome of severe toxic symptoms during intravascular hemolysis due to impaired hemoglobin scavenging in 2 children with acute myeloid leukemia undergoing CD33-directed therapy with the immunotoxin gemtuzumab ozogamicin (GO). A simultaneous high plasma hemoglobin, haptoglobin, and low bilirubin after septicemia-induced intravascular hemolysis indicated abrogated clearance of haptoglobin-hemoglobin complexes. This was further supported by low levels of plasma soluble CD163 and a concordant low number of CD163-expressing monocytes. We show that CD163 positive monocytes and macrophages from liver, spleen, and bone marrow coexpress CD33, thus suggesting that the GO-induced cellular cytotoxicity of CD33 positive cells eradicates a significant part of the CD163 positive monocytes and macrophages. The risk of severe toxic symptoms from plasma hemoglobin should be considered after CD33-targeted chemotherapy when the disease is complicated by a pathologic intravascular hemolysis. Furthermore, the cases provide further circumstantial evidence of a key role of (CD163-expressing) monocytes/macrophages in plasma hemoglobin clearance in vivo.
Transcriptome analysis of Loxosceles laeta (Araneae, Sicariidae) spider venomous gland using expressed sequence tags
Authors: Fernandes-Pedrosa Matheus de F , Junqueira-de-Azevedo Inácio de LM , Gonçalves-de-Andrade Rute M , Kobashi Leonardo S , Almeida Diego D , Ho Paulo L , Tambourgi Denise V 
Published: June 2008

Abstract

Background
The bite of spiders belonging to the genus Loxosceles can induce a variety of clinical symptoms, including dermonecrosis, thrombosis, vascular leakage, haemolysis, and persistent inflammation. In order to examine the transcripts expressed in venom gland of Loxosceles laeta spider and to unveil the potential of its products on cellular structure and functional aspects, we generated 3,008 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from a cDNA library.

Results
All ESTs were clustered into 1,357 clusters, of which 16.4% of the total ESTs belong to recognized toxin-coding sequences, being the Sphingomyelinases D the most abundant transcript; 14.5% include "possible toxins", whose transcripts correspond to metalloproteinases, serinoproteinases, hyaluronidases, lipases, C-lectins, cystein peptidases and inhibitors. Thirty three percent of the ESTs are similar to cellular transcripts, being the major part represented by molecules involved in gene and protein expression, reflecting the specialization of this tissue for protein synthesis. In addition, a considerable number of sequences, 25%, has no significant similarity to any known sequence.

Conclusion
This study provides a first global view of the gene expression scenario of the venom gland of L. laeta described so far, indicating the molecular bases of its venom composition.
The first generation of a BAC-based physical map of Brassica rapa
Authors: Mun Jeong-Hwan , Kwon Soo-Jin , Yang Tae-Jin , Kim Hye-Sun , Choi Beom-Soon , Baek Seunghoon , Kim Jung Sun , Jin Mina , Kim Jin A , Lim Myung-Ho , Lee Soo In , Kim Ho-Il , Kim Hyungtae , Lim Yong Pyo , Park Beom-Seok 
Published: June 2008

Abstract

Background
The genus Brassica includes the most extensively cultivated vegetable crops worldwide. Investigation of the Brassica genome presents excellent challenges to study plant genome evolution and divergence of gene function associated with polyploidy and genome hybridization. A physical map of the B. rapa genome is a fundamental tool for analysis of Brassica "A" genome structure. Integration of a physical map with an existing genetic map by linking genetic markers and BAC clones in the sequencing pipeline provides a crucial resource for the ongoing genome sequencing effort and assembly of whole genome sequences.

Results
A genome-wide physical map of the B. rapa genome was constructed by the capillary electrophoresis-based fingerprinting of 67,468 Bacterial Artificial Chromosome (BAC) clones using the five restriction enzyme SNaPshot technique. The clones were assembled into contigs by means of FPC v8.5.3. After contig validation and manual editing, the resulting contig assembly consists of 1,428 contigs and is estimated to span 717 Mb in physical length. This map provides 242 anchored contigs on 10 linkage groups to be served as seed points from which to continue bidirectional chromosome extension for genome sequencing.

Conclusion
The map reported here is the first physical map for Brassica "A" genome based on the High Information Content Fingerprinting (HICF) technique. This physical map will serve as a fundamental genomic resource for accelerating genome sequencing, assembly of BAC sequences, and comparative genomics between Brassica genomes. The current build of the B. rapa physical map is available at the B. rapa Genome Project website for the user community.
The effects of enhanced methionine synthesis on amino acid and anthocyanin content of potato tubers
Authors: Dancs Gábor , Kondrák Mihály , Bánfalvi Zsófia 
Published: June 2008

Abstract

Background
Potato is a staple food in the diet of the world's population and also being used as animal feed. Compared to other crops, however, potato tubers are relatively poor in the essential amino acid, methionine. Our aim was to increase the methionine content of tubers by co-expressing a gene involved in methionine synthesis with a gene encoding a methionine-rich storage protein in potato plants.

Results
In higher plants, cystathionine γ-synthase (CgS) is the first enzyme specific to methionine biosynthesis. We attempted to increase the methionine content of tubers by expressing the deleted form of the Arabidopsis CgS (CgS

Δ90), which is not regulated by methionine, in potato plants. To increase the incorporation of free methionine into a storage protein the CgS

Δ90 was co-transformed with the methionine-rich 15-kD β-zein. Results demonstrated a 2- to 6-fold increase in the free methionine content and in the methionine content of the zein-containing protein fraction of the transgenic tubers. In addition, in line with higher methionine content, the amounts of soluble isoleucine and serine were also increased. However, all of the lines with high level of CgSΔ90 expression were phenotypically abnormal showing severe growth retardation, changes in leaf architecture and 40- to 60% reduction in tuber yield. Furthermore, the colour of the transgenic tubers was altered due to the reduced amounts of anthocyanin pigments. The mRNA levels of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), the enzyme catalysing the first step of anthocyanin synthesis, were decreased.

Conclusion
Ectopic expression of CgSΔ90 increases the methionine content of tubers, however, results in phenotypic aberrations in potato. Co-expression of the 15-kD β-zein with CgSΔ90 results in elevation of protein-bound methionine content of tubers, but can not overcome the phenotypical changes caused by CgSΔ90 and can not significantly improve the nutritional value of tubers. The level of PAL mRNA and consequently the amount of anthocyanin pigments are reduced in the CgSΔ90 transgenic tubers suggesting that methionine synthesis and production of anthocyanins is linked.
Effects of cytochrome P450 (CYP) inducers and inhibitors on ondansetron pharmacokinetics in rats: involvement of hepatic CYP2D subfamily and 3A1/2 in ondansetron metabolism
Authors: Yang Si H , Lee Myung G 
Published: June 2008

AbstractThe types of hepatic microsomal cytochrome P450 (CYP) isozymes responsible for the in-vivo metabolism of ondansetron in rats have not been reported. In this study, ondansetron at a dose of 8 mg kg−1 was administered intravenously to rats pretreated with various inducers of CYP isozymes, such as 3-methylcholanthrene, orphenadrine citrate, isoniazid and dexamethasone phosphate (the main inducers of CYP1A1/2, 2B1/2, 2E1 and 3A1/2 in rats, respectively), and inhibitors, such as SKF-525A (a non-specific inhibitor of CYP isozymes), sulfaphenazole, quinine hydrochloride and troleandomycin (the main inhibitors of CYP2C6, 2D subfamily and 3A1/2 in rats, respectively). In rats pretreated with quinine hydrochloride and troleandomycin, the time-averaged non-renal clearance of ondansetron was significantly slower (48.9 and 13.2% decrease, respectively) than that in control rats. In rats pretreated with dexamethasone phosphate, the time-averaged non-renal clearance was significantly faster (18.2% increase) than that in control rats. The results suggest that ondansetron is primarily metabolized via the CYP2D subfamily and 3A1/2 in rats.
Spectrophotometric Studies of the Thermodynamics of Molecular Interaction between Some Free Base meso-Tetraarylporphyrins and SbF3
Authors: Dehghani Hossein , Bordbar Maryam , Rezakhani Sheida , Mansournia Mohammad Reza 
Published: June 2008

Abstract
Spectrophotometric study was applied to the interaction of SbF3 with para-, meta-, and ortho-substituted meso-tetraarylporphyrins (H2t(Xp)p; X: H, OCH3, CH3, and Cl) in CHCl3. The 1:1 formation constants of the resulting complexes were calculated at several temperatures by the computer fitting of absorbances of solutions versus mole ratio data with appropriate equations. Thermodynamic parameters (ΔG0, ΔH0, and ΔS0) have been determined and the influence of electron donation and steric effect of the substituted aryl groups in the free base porphyrins on the stability of the complexes is discussed.
Mono- and Trinuclear CuII Complexes with Tripodal Ligands
Authors: Sunatsuki Yukinari , Kobayashi Tamami , Harada Kenji , Yamaguchi Tomoka , Nonoyama Matsuo , Kojima Masaaki 
Published: June 2008

Abstract
Mononuclear [Cu(HL)] (1) and trinuclear [Cu3(L)2] (3) complexes were synthesized, where H3L (1,1,1-tris[(salicylideneamino)methyl]ethane) is a tripodal ligand obtained by condensation of 1,1,1-tris(aminomethyl)ethane and salicylaldehyde in a 1:3 mole ratio. Another mononuclear complex [Cu(HL′)] (2), where one of the three arms was disconnected probably due to thermal hydrolysis, was also obtained. The crystal structures, electronic spectra, and electrochemical and magnetic properties of the complexes were studied. In 1, one of the arms of H3L is not coordinated to the metal atom, and the ligand serves as a tetradentate N2O2 ligand, the complex assuming a slightly distorted square-planar structure. In the trinuclear complex, an imine nitrogen atom and a phenolate oxygen atom of one arm of each terminal unit coordinate to the central CuII ion to form a linear trinuclear complex. The coordination geometry about each Cu is square planar. All of the complexes involve π–π stacking interactions between the molecules in the crystal structures, which are responsible for weak magnetic interactions. An electrochemical study of 3 in DMSO showed that the central CuII is more easily reduced to CuI than the terminal Cu ions. The mononuclear complexes, 1 and 2, show a quasi-reversible CuII/I couple almost at the same position as that of the terminal Cu ions of 3.
Modifications of Hydrophobic Value and Hydrophobic Moment Value of Cationic Model Peptides for Conversion of Peptide–Membrane Interactions
Authors: Taira Junichi , Furukawa Sachi , Hatakeyama Tomomitsu , Aoyagi Haruhiko , Kodama Hiroaki 
Published: June 2008

Abstract
The hydrophobic value &lt;H&gt; and hydrophobic moment value &lt;μ&gt; of helical peptides correlate with membrane–peptide interactions such as ion channel forming or membrane perturbation. In this paper, two cationic amphiphilic peptides, ALSAALKAALSWASLAAKLAASLA-amide (Ap) and KK-ALSAALKAALSWASLAAKLAASLA-KK-amide (KAp), consisting of 24 and 28 amino acid residues, respectively, were synthesized to acquire antimicrobial activities and to reduce the high hemolytic activity of cationic helical peptide, LARLLARLLARLLRALLRALLRAL-amide (46), reported previously. Both peptides were designed to possess higher hydrophobic values and lower hydrophobic moment values than those of 46. Circular dichroism (CD) measurements of the peptides showed that the peptides had lower α-helical content than that of 46 in aqueous solutions as well as the membrane mimetic environments. 46 did not show any antibacterial activity whereas KAp and Ap had antibacterial activities against Gram-positive and -negative bacteria. In contrast, the hemolytic activities of Ap and KAp decreased to less than that of 46. Electrophysiological experiments were carried out to compare ion channel formation. Both peptides showed ion conductance patterns distinguishable from the patterns of 46 and pore forming with flexible structures was suggested. In addition, the flanking cationic residues of KAp tended to increase the channel opening durations.
Study on Facile Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Solid-State Fluorescence of Dicyclohexane-Annelated Anthracene
Authors: Kitamura Chitoshi , Matsumoto Chika , Kawatsuki Nobuhiro , Yoneda Akio , Asada Kohei , Kobayashi Takashi , Naito Hiroyoshi 
Published: June 2008

Abstract
Dicyclohexane-annelated anthracene was synthesized by a new efficient method, which employed the Diels–Alder reaction between in situ-generated 2,3-dehydronaphthalene and dicyclohexane-fused furan. The molecule adopted antiparallel face-to-face slipped π-stacking in its crystal structure, which induced an excimer-like emission in the solid state.
Holographic PDLC Containing Fluorine Segments
Authors: Kim Eun Hee , Woo Ju Yeon , Cho Young Hee , Kim Byung Kyu 
Published: June 2008

Abstract
Transmission gratings of holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystals (HPDLCs) have been designed and fabricated based on partial fluorination of the polymer matrix using three types of fluorinated monomers carrying different numbers of fluorine atoms and structures, viz. 2-(perfluoroalkyl)ethyl methacrylate (PFEMA), 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl methacrylate (TFEMA), and 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl acrylate (TFEA). Addition of fluorinated monomer gave long saturation time, increased off state diffraction efficiency, small anchoring strength and driving voltage. Anchoring strength and driving voltage of methacrylate monomers (PFEMA and TFEMA) were lower than that of TFEA, implying that the fluorine segments of these monomers are preferentially exposed to the interfaces. HPDLC film having low driving voltage and response time of below 10 ms has been fabricated with 20 wt % PFEMA at 40 wt % LC.
Clinical Tips: Retrograde Drilling Of Talar Osteochondral Defects
Authors: Kennedy John G. , Suero Eduardo Manuel , O'Loughlin Padhraig F. , Brief Andrew , Bohne Walther H.O. 
Published: June 2008

Contemporary methods of bone grafting osteochondral defects, in which the remaining overlying cartilage is relatively well preserved, have inherent problems. The bony defects are often saucer-shaped and the cylindrical graft may not fill the void, leaving areas of cartilage with no underlying scaffold and obviating early weight bearing. Furthermore, to obtain a proper fill of the defect, tamping of the graft can cause excessive pressure and disruption of the overlying cartilage. In an effort to address these concerns, the authors propose the use of a biological viscous paste of calcium sulfate that hardens within 5 minutes when injected in a retrograde fashion into the talus. This confers a mechanical advantage of complete cystic fill of the cyst which allows early weight bearing. Calcium sulfate acts as an osteoconductive material that incorporates into host bone within 8 weeks. Donor site morbidity is eliminated using this system.
SHE CAN BE PUT TO WORK: JOAN RIVIERE AS TRANSLATOR BETWEEN FREUD AND JONES
Authors: Bakman Nina 
Published: June 2008

Die Psychoanalytikerin Joan Riviere (1883–1962), aus gutem Hause stammend, war eine der ersten Übersetzerinnen Freuds in Grossbritannien. Nach einer mißglückten Analyse bei Ernest Jones wurde sie 1922 Freuds Patientin. Freud erkannte ihre Begabung und beauftragte sie mit Übersetzungen seiner Arbeiten. Über ihren Kopf hinweg verhandelte er mit Jones über ihre Position als Translation Editor des International Journal und setzte ihre Ernennung gegen dessen Widerstand durch. An einigen Beispielen wird die besondere Qualität von Rivieres Freud-Übersetzungen aufgezeigt. The psychoanalyst Joan Riviere (1883–1962), who came from an established family, was one of the first to translate Freud in Britain. After a failed analysis with Ernest Jones, she became Freud's patient in 1922. Freud recognized her talent and entrusted her with translations of his works. Over her head, he negotiated her position as Translation Editor of the International Journal with Jones and secured her nomination against his resistance. Some examples are given to demonstrate the special quality of Riviere's translations of Freud's writings.
Myelodysplastic syndromes associated with interstitial deletion of chromosome 5q: Clinicopathologic correlations and new insights from the prelenalidomide era
Authors: Holtan Shernan G. , Santana‐Davila Rafael , DeWald Gordon W. , Khetterling Rhett P. , Knudson Ryan A. , Hoyer James D. , Chen Dong , Hanson Curtis A. , Porrata Luis , Tefferi Ayalew , Steensma David P. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractTo better estimate prognosis for patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) associated with clonal interstitial deletions of the long arm of chromosome 5 (del(5q)), we reviewed the medical records of 130 adults with del(5q) MDS seen at our institution over a 15‐year period. Overall median survival of this cohort was 9.5 months, shorter than reported in earlier series. The least favorable outcomes are associated with complex cytogenetics, lack of any normal metaphases, normocytic rather than macrocytic erythrocyte indices, and low baseline lymphocyte counts. Lymphopenia but not neutropenia at the time of diagnosis appears to be a new adverse prognostic indicator. Cytogenetic breakpoints defined by G‐banded karyotyping correlate poorly with particular disease features. Surprisingly, survival of patients with treatment‐related MDS was equivalent to that of de novo MDS with del(5q) in this series. Morphologic features associated with del(5q) are diverse. Most patients with del(5q) MDS do not meet criteria for WHO‐defined 5q‐syndrome, and the presence of del(5q) does not appear to modify the clinical phenotype otherwise risk‐stratified by the International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS). Additional important prognostic factors not taken into account by the IPSS include the baseline erythrocyte indices, lymphocyte count, and clonal burden. Am. J. Hematol., 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A multi‐agent control scheme for a supply chain model
Authors: Boccadoro Mauro , Martinelli Francesco , Valigi Paolo 
Published: June 2008

AbstractThe reduction of the bullwhip effect on supply chain systems is generally achieved through the optimal choice of policies at the local level and also by setting some type of cooperation among the different agents of the system. Here, such constructive interaction is pursued by the introduction of a negotiation mechanism among neighboring sites, and according to revenues/costs directly related to the impact of the bullwhip effect on the performances of each site. The concept is demonstrated for a policy which is quite common in the supply chain literature. The results obtained show the convergence properties of the negotiation for particular disturbance signals, and give indications on how cooperating mechanisms can be devised on the basis of the proposed negotiation. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society
Effects of swimming on the pharmacokinetics and glucose tolerance of metformin in insulin‐resistant rats
Authors: Chien Kuei‐Yu , Hsu Ku‐Fu , Lo Hsin‐I , Pan Ryh‐Nan , Kuo Chia‐Hua , Chen Fu‐An , Hsu Mei‐Chich 
Published: June 2008

AbstractThe purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of swimming on the pharmacokinetic and insulin sensitivity of metformin in insulin resistant rats. Rats with fructose‐induced insulin resistance were assigned into four groups: control group (C, n=8), metformin group (M, n=8), swimming group (S, n=8) and metformin with swimming group (MS, n=8). After 12 h of fasting, the S and MS group swam for 45 min, while the M and C groups were placed in 4 cm deep water for the same time period. The first blood samples were withdrawn from the tail 60 min after the four groups had left the water. An oral glucose loading was performed in all groups and metformin was administered to the M and MS groups after the first blood sample. Blood samples were collected at 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 h. The results showed that the MS group increased the time to the maximum concentration, the time to half‐life concentration and enhanced insulin sensitivity. This study suggests that swimming before administration of metformin significantly improved insulin sensitivity and the rate of metformin absorption. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.