bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perception of rejecting and neglectful parenting in childhood relates to lifetime suicide attempts for females – but not for males
Authors: Ehnvall A. , Parker G. , Hadzi‐Pavlovic D. , Malhi G. 
Published: November 2007

Objective:  To examine the hypothesis that lifetime suicide attempts in a sample of depressed individuals is greater among those who remember their parents as rejecting or neglecting in childhood.Method:  Database analyses of patients referred to a public hospital Mood Disorders Unit in Sydney, over a consecutive 10‐year period. Patients met DSM‐IV criteria for depression, had completed a self‐report questionnaire regarding perception of parental rearing, and had responded to a probe question assessing lifetime suicide attempts (n = 343).Results:  Female patients who perceived themselves as rejected/neglected by either parent in childhood had a greater chance of making at least one lifetime suicide attempt. No such associations were found for males.Conclusion:  Perception of rejecting/neglectful parents was associated with lifetime suicide attempts in females only, inviting research explicating any such gender specificity.
Detection and quantification of functionally defined hematopoietic progenitor cells and tissue specific mRNA within the peripheral blood of myeloma patients after administration of granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor and erythropoietin
Authors: Grassinger Jochen , Mueller Gunnar , Hart Christina , Nilsson Susie K. , Haylock David N. , Andreesen Reinhard , Hennemann Burkhard 
Published: November 2007

AbstractObjective:  Hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPC) as well as tissue committed stem cells expressing mRNA specific to various somatic tissues are thought to be part of the CD34+ bone marrow compartment. In this study, we explore and quantify their mobilization in patients with multiple myeloma undergoing chemotherapy upon administration of granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF) plus/minus erythropoietin (EPO).Patients and methods:  HPC were quantified by flow cytometry and functional assays within the blood of healthy donors and myeloma patients before and after chemotherapy followed by G‐CSF or G‐CSF + EPO given subcutaneously. The mRNA expression was studied by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Cytokines and peripheral blood protease levels were measured by an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.Results:  EPO did not significantly alter the number of HPC mobilized by G‐CSF alone, and mRNA specific for liver, brain, muscle and kidney was detected in both treatment groups. Quantitative PCR analysis revealed a 2.7‐fold increased expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein after G‐CSF + EPO administration compared to G‐CSF alone (P = 0.003). The concentration of G‐CSF rose from 62 ± 22 pg/mL and 48 ± 10 pg/mL to 28 ± 9 ng/mL and 85 ± 10 ng/mL after 10 d of treatment with G‐CSF and G‐CSF + EPO, respectively. The concentration of neutrophil elastase (NE) rose only in the G‐CSF group by a factor 1.5.Conclusion:  The alteration of G‐CSF and NE levels as well as the expression of tissue committed RNA after the administration of EPO in addition to G‐CSF indicate that different growth factors mobilize different stem cells that might potentially be used for the support of tissue repair in future treatment protocols.
Intervertebral disc calcification in thalassemia intermedia
Authors: Aessopos Athanassios , Tsironi Maria , Polonifi Katerina , Baltopoulos Panagiotis , Vaiopoulos George 
Published: November 2007

AbstractObjectives:  Intervertebral disc calcification, an age‐related phenomenon of variable clinical significance is described in hemochromatosis. As β‐thalassemia is characterized by excessive tissue iron deposition and secondary hemosiderosis, and skeletal abnormalities are often observed in these patients, this study is conducted to identify the prevalence of Intervertebral Disc Calcification (IDC) in thalassemia intermedia population.Methods:  We investigated all the elder than 30 years β‐thalassemia intermedia patients of our Department thalassemia unit . Patients underwent thoracic and lumbar spinal X‐rays for IDC presence. Patients presenting IDC were compared to those not presenting, regarding back pain anamnesis, presence of back pain, extramedullary hemopoiesis, sex, age, Hb levels, ferritin levels, reticulocytes, bilirubin values, thyroid–parathyroid abnormalities. Student’s t‐test was used to compare variables between patients with and without IDC. A P‐value under 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results:  We investigated 30 β‐thalassemia intermedia patients (19 women) with an age range 38–61 yr (42.5 ± 11.46 yr). Intervertebral disc calcifications were observed in seven patients (23.33%). No sex and laboratory parameters statistically significant differences were observed differences for IDC prevalence, while mean age and back pain history was statistically significantly different between the two groups.Conclusions:  In thalassemia patients, the big variety of spinal deformities may hide the presence of IDC and thus, this entity may be overlooked or underestimated. The clinical significance of IDC development as well as the possible prevention by early transfusion chelation therapy should be further investigated.
Relativistic jets and long-duration gamma-ray bursts from the birth of magnetars
Authors: Bucciantini N. , Quataert E. , Arons J. , Metzger B. D. , Thompson T. A. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
We present time-dependent axisymmetric magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the interaction of a relativistic magnetized wind produced by a proto-magnetar with a surrounding stellar envelope, in the first ∼10 s after core collapse. We inject a super-magnetosonic wind with into a cavity created by an outgoing supernova shock. A strong toroidal magnetic field builds up in the bubble of plasma and magnetic field that is at first inertially confined by the progenitor star. This drives a jet out along the polar axis of the star, even though the star and the magnetar wind are each spherically symmetric. The jet has the properties needed to produce a long-duration gamma-ray burst (GRB). At ∼5 s after core bounce, the jet has escaped the host star and the Lorentz factor of the material in the jet at large radii ∼1011 cm is similar to that in the magnetar wind near the source. Most of the spindown power of the central magnetar escapes via the relativistic jet. There are fluctuations in the Lorentz factor and energy flux in the jet on a ∼ 0.01–0.1 s time-scale. These may contribute to variability in GRB emission (e.g. via internal shocks).
Assessing the Economic Viability of Offshore Aquaculture in Korea: An Evaluation Based on Rock Bream, Oplegnathus fasciatus, Production
Authors: Lipton Douglas W. , Kim Do H. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract Interest is growing in offshore aquaculture as a means of overcoming environmental concerns that plague nearshore and coastal aquaculture production. The challenge of dealing in the offshore environment adds expenses that are not present in other aquaculture production systems. We collected financial and production performance data from a commercial‐scale offshore aquaculture production system for rock bream off the coast of Korea. Financial performance of the system was evaluated using Aquasim, a stochastic financial simulator. To compare performance, we focused on the 10‐yr internal rate of return (IRR) and net present value based on different assumptions regarding fish survival rates and market prices. The baseline model that used the observed survival and market prices had a high probability of financial success and an IRR of 18%. Financial performance became a lot riskier when we assumed that survival rates followed a triangular distribution with a 25% minimum survival that increased 5% per yr, even when the mean survival rate was as high as 97%. Rock bream aquaculture could be successful under that survival scenario if prices are high for the first 5 yr and then start declining in consequence of the industry expanding. In that case, the IRR is around 14%, but with greater variability than the baseline. If prices fall from the initial baseline level in the early yr of production, then the operation has little chance of surviving.
Evaluation of Weaning Strategies for Intensively Reared Australian Freshwater Fish, Murray Cod, Maccullochella peelii peelii
Authors: Ryan Stephen G. , Smith Blair K. , Collins Robert O. , Turchini Giovanni M. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract The Australian Murray cod supports a growing national industry. However, with regard to the process of weaning fry, there is a lack of information and optimal procedures need to be developed. The aim of the present investigation was to test the biological and economic efficacy of different weaning strategies for Murray cod. Three weaning strategies were tested on triplicate groups of fish: (1) only Artemia for 5 d, 7 d on Artemia plus starter diet, and 14 d on dry diet only; (2) 12 d on Artemia plus starter diet and 14 d on dry diet only; and (3) directly to dry diet for the entire experimental period. No significant differences were recorded in the growth and feed efficiency, while significantly higher mortality (38.4 ± 0.35%) was recorded in fish weaned directly onto dry diet. Fish subjected to the first 5 d on Artemia only showed a growth reduction during this period, which was compensated by a phase of enhanced growth during the dry‐diet phase. No significant differences were noted in the proximate composition of fish under the different treatments. The economic evaluation suggested that the treatment with the simultaneous supply of Artemia and starter diet is preferable.
Use of Fermented Fisheries By‐products and Soybean Curd Residues Mixture as a Fish Meal Replacer in Diets of Juvenile Olive Flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus
Authors: Sun Mihai , Kim Young Chul , Okorie Okorie Eme , Devnath Sukumar , Yoo Gwangyeol , Lee Seunghyung , Jo Yong Kil , Bai Sungchul C. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract A 10‐wk feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the potential use of fermented fisheries by‐products and soybean curd residues mixture (FFSM) as a partial replacement for fish meal (FM) in the diet of juvenile olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. Five experimental diets were formulated with FFSM replacing 0, 15, 30, 45, and 60% of the FM protein (FFSM0, FFSM15, FFSM30, FFSM45, and FFSM60, respectively). Juvenile olive flounder averaging 5.99 ± 0.08 g (mean ± SD) were randomly distributed into aquaria at 15 fish/aquarium, with three replicate aquaria for each experimental diet. Weight gain (WG) of fish fed FFSM0, FFSM15, and FFSM30 was significantly higher than that of fish fed FFSM45 and FFSM60 (P < 0.05). Also, WG of fish fed FFSM45 was significantly higher than that of fish fed FFSM60 (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in WG among fish fed FFSM0, FFSM15, and FFSM30 (P > 0.05). Specific growth rate (SGR) of fish fed FFSM15 was significantly higher than that of fish fed FFSM45 and FFSM60 (P < 0.05). Also, SGR of fish fed FFSM0, FFSM15, FFSM30, and FFSM45 was significantly higher than that of fish fed FFSM60 (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in SGR among fish fed FFSM0, FFSM15, and FFSM30 and among those fed FFSM0, FFSM30, and FFSM45 (P > 0.05). Feed efficiency (FE) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) of fish fed FFSM60 were significantly lower than those of fish fed FFSM0, FFSM15, FFSM30, and FFSM45 (P < 0.05); however, there were no significant differences in FE and PER among fish fed FFSM0, FFSM15, FFSM30, and FFSM45. Hepatosomatic index of fish fed FFSM0, FFSM15, and FFSM30 was significantly higher than that of fish fed FFSM60 (P < 0.05); however, there were no significant differences among fish fed FFSM0, FFSM15, FFSM30, and FFSM45 and among those fed FFSM45 and FFSM60. No significant differences were observed in condition factor and survival rate among all dietary groups tested. The whole‐body proximate composition averaged 75.0 (% dry matter basis [DM]), 8.66 (% DM), 16.38 (% DM), and 76.1%, for crude protein, crude lipid, ash, and moisture, respectively. Based on growth performance, the FFSM could replace up to 30% FM protein by the ANOVA test; however, broken‐line model analysis indicated 28.7% as an optimum replacement level in juvenile olive flounder diets.
Effects of Various Dietary Carotenoid Pigments on Fillet Appearance and Pigment Absorption in Channel Catfish, Ictalurus punctatus
Authors: Li Menghe H. , Robinson Edwin H. , Oberle Daniel F. , Zimba Paul V. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract A study was conducted to evaluate effects of various carotenoids on skin and fillet coloration and fillet carotenoid concentration in channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus. For 12 wk, juvenile catfish were fed one of six experimental diets containing no supplemental carotenoid or 100 mg/kg of one of following carotenoid additions: β‐carotene (BCA), lutein (LUT), zeaxanthin (ZEA), canthaxanthin (CAN), and astaxanthin (AST). Visual yellow color intensity score was highest for fish fed LUT, followed by ZEA, AST, and CAN, and lowest for fish fed basal and BCA diets. Skin and tissue Commission Internationale de I’Eclairage yellowness value was the highest in fish fed LUT, followed by fish fed ZEA, AST, and CAN, and lowest for fish fed basal and BCA diets. Fish accumulated the supplemental carotenoids in muscle tissues, but concentrations of different carotenoids in the tissue varied greatly. Approximately 30% of the LUT added was converted to echineone; no conversion was observed among other supplemental carotenoids. Results from the present study indicate that channel catfish can accumulate yellow pigments LUT and ZEA and red or pink pigments CAN and AST in the flesh, resulting in yellow coloration. The yellow pigment BCA does not appear to deposit in skin or flesh at levels sufficient to alter the coloration.
Human Pre-Elafin Inhibits a
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
-Secreted Peptidase and Prevents Its Proliferation in Complex Media
Authors: Bellemare Audrey , Vernoux Nathalie , Morisset Dany , Bourbonnais Yves 
Published: November 2007

ABSTRACT

Pseudomonas aeruginosa
is a life-threatening opportunist human pathogen frequently associated with lung inflammatory diseases, namely, cystic fibrosis. Like other species, this gram-negative bacteria is increasingly drug resistant. During the past decade, intensive research efforts have been focused on the identification of natural innate defense molecules with broad antimicrobial activities, collectively known as antimicrobial peptides. Human pre-elafin, best characterized as a potent inhibitor of neutrophil elastase with anti-inflammatory properties, was also shown to possess antimicrobial activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, including
P. aeruginosa
. Its mode of action was, however, not known. Using full-length pre-elafin, each domain separately, and mutated variants of pre-elafin with attenuated antipeptidase activity toward neutrophil elastase, we report here that both pre-elafin domains contribute, through distinct mechanisms, to its antibacterial activity against
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
. Most importantly, we demonstrate that the whey acidic protein (WAP) domain specifically inhibits a secreted peptidase with the characteristics of arginyl peptidase (protease IV). This is the first demonstration that a human WAP-motif protein inhibits a secreted peptidase to prevent bacterial growth in vitro. Since several WAP-motif proteins from various species demonstrate antimicrobial function with variable activities toward bacterial species, we suggest that this mechanism may be more common than initially anticipated.
Tetracycline Resistance in
Ureaplasma
spp. and
Mycoplasma hominis
: Prevalence in Bordeaux, France, from 1999 to 2002 and Description of Two
tet
(M)-Positive Isolates of
M. hominis
Susceptible to Tetracyclines
Authors: Dégrange S. , Renaudin H. , Charron A. , Bébéar C. , Bébéar C. M. 
Published: November 2007

ABSTRACT

Twenty-four of 128 clinical isolates of
Mycoplasma hominis
and 6 of 276 clinical isolates of
Ureaplasma
spp. from Bordeaux, France (1999 to 2002), were resistant to tetracycline and harbored the
tet
(M) gene. For
M. hominis
, we also found an increase in tetracycline resistance and two
tet
(M)-positive isolates that were susceptible to tetracyclines.
Zygomycetes
Hyphae Trigger an Early, Robust Proinflammatory Response in Human Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils through Toll-Like Receptor 2 Induction but Display Relative Resistance to Oxidative Damage
Authors: Chamilos G. , Lewis R. E. , Lamaris G. , Walsh T. J. , Kontoyiannis D. P. 
Published: November 2007

ABSTRACT

Human polymorphonuclear neutrophils (HPMNs) displayed attenuated hyphal damage associated with impaired O
2
−
release following exposure to
Rhizopus oryzae
versus that with
Aspergillus fumigatus
. Exposure of HPMNs to
R. oryzae
hyphae resulted in upregulation in Toll-like receptor 2 mRNA and a robust proinflammatory gene expression with rapid (1-h) induction of NF-κB pathway-related genes.
Acquisition of Rectal Colonization by Vancomycin-Resistant
Enterococcus
among Intensive Care Unit Patients Treated with Piperacillin-Tazobactam versus Those Receiving Cefepime-Containing Antibiotic Regimens
Authors: Paterson David L. , Muto Carlene A. , Ndirangu Magdaline , Linden Peter K. , Potoski Brian A. , Capitano Blair , Bonomo Robert A. , Aron David C. , Donskey Curtis J. 
Published: November 2007

ABSTRACT

In contrast to expanded-spectrum cephalosporins, beta-lactam-beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations such as piperacillin-tazobactam have rarely been associated with vancomycin-resistant
Enterococcus
(VRE) colonization and infection. In mice, piperacillin-tazobactam has sufficient antienterococcal activity to inhibit the establishment of colonization during treatment, but this effect has not been confirmed in human patients. We prospectively evaluated the acquisition of rectal colonization by VRE among intensive care unit patients receiving antibiotic regimens containing piperacillin-tazobactam versus those receiving cefepime, an expanded-spectrum cephalosporin with minimal antienterococcal activity. Rectal swabs were obtained weekly and were cultured for VRE. For 146 patients with a negative rectal swab for VRE prior to therapy, there was no significant difference in the frequency of VRE acquisition between patients receiving piperacillin-tazobactam- and cefepime-containing regimens (19/72 [26.4%] and 23/74 [31.1%], respectively;
P
= 0.28). Of the 19 patients who acquired VRE in association with piperacillin-tazobactam, 10 (53%) developed the new detection of VRE during therapy. Patients initiated on treatment with cefepime-containing regimens were significantly more likely than those initiated on treatment with piperacillin-tazobactam-containing regimens to have received antibiotic therapy in the prior 30 days (55/74 [74.3%] and 22/72 [30.6%], respectively;
P
< 0.001). These findings suggest that piperacillin-tazobactam- and cefepime-containing antibiotic regimens may be associated with the frequent acquisition of VRE in real-world intensive care unit settings. Although piperacillin-tazobactam inhibits the establishment of VRE colonization in mice when exposure occurs during treatment, our data suggest that this agent may not prevent the acquisition of VRE in patients.
CD8+T Cells Are Associated with Severe Gastritis inHelicobacter pylori- Infected Mice in the Absence of CD4+T Cells
Authors: Tan Mai Ping , Pedersen John , Zhan Yifan , Lew Andrew M. , Pearse Martin J. , Wijburg Odilia L. C. , Strugnell Richard A. 
Published: November 2007

ABSTRACTHelicobacter pyloriinfection results in the development of chronic gastritis, and CD4+T cells are a major component of the gastric cellular infiltrate. To examine whether CD4+T cells are important in initiating and maintainingH. pylori-induced gastritis, mice deficient in CD4+T cells (B6.BM1.GK 1.5 mice [GK 1.5 mice]) were infected withH. pylori. We found that as in normal mice,H. pylori-specific antibodies, mostly of the immunoglobulin M isotype, developed in GK 1.5 mice but were unable to cureH. pyloriinfection. Further, while the stomachs ofH. pylori-infected GK 1.5 mice were more heavily infiltrated with CD8+T cells and B cells, mice deficient in both CD4+and CD8+T cells developed mild inflammation comparable to the level observed for C57BL/6 mice. These observations suggest that CD4+T cells may play an important role in regulating or suppressing gastric CD8+T cells which, in the absence of CD4+T cells, may mediate more-severe disease. These studies have revealed a potentially important role for CD8+T cells in the gastric disease resulting fromH. pyloriinfection.
Caspase-1 Contributes toChlamydia trachomatis-Induced Upper Urogenital Tract Inflammatory Pathologies without Affecting the Course of Infection
Authors: Cheng Wen , Shivshankar Pooja , Li Zhongyu , Chen Lili , Yeh I-Tien , Zhong Guangming 
Published: November 2007

ABSTRACTChlamydia trachomatisinfection induces inflammatory pathologies in the upper genital tract, potentially leading to ectopic pregnancy and infertility in the affected women. Caspase-1 is required for processing and release of the inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-18, and possibly IL-33. In the present study, we evaluated the role of caspase-1 in chlamydial infection and pathogenesis. Although chlamydial infection induced caspase-1 activation and processing of IL-1β, mice competent and mice deficient in caspase-1 experienced similar courses of chlamydial infection in their urogenital tracts, suggesting thatChlamydia-activated caspase-1 did not play a significant role in resolution of chlamydial infection. However, when genital tract tissue pathologies were examined, the caspase-1-deficient mice displayed much reduced inflammatory damage. The reduction in inflammation was most obvious in the fallopian tube tissue. These observations demonstrated that although caspase-1 is not required for controlling chlamydial infection, caspase-1-mediated responses can exacerbate theChlamydia-induced inflammatory pathologies in the upper genital tract, suggesting that the host caspase-1 may be targeted for selectively attenuating chlamydial pathogenicity without affecting the host defense against chlamydial infection.
Searles Valley, California
Authors: Smith George I. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
Searles Valley, the site of Pleistocene Searles Lake, is 125 mi (200 km) north-northeast of Los Angeles and 40 mi (65 km) east of the south end of the Sierra Nevada. The main locality described here is 15 mi (24 km) east of Ridgecrest on California 178, at the mouth of Poison Canyon, and 0.7 mi (1.1 km) east of Fish Head Rocks (Fig. 1). Park well off the highway on the south side where the wash crosses the road—unless there is a possibility of rain! A short walk south, over a sandy fan surface, brings one to the outcrops of Pleistocene lake sediments (Fig. 2). Ascend and descend along the ridge marked on Figure1 or the more gentle slopes 650 ft (200 m) southwest of it. It is advisable to wear boots or shoes with good traction.
Big Pumice cut, California
Authors: Sharp Robert P. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
Big Pumice is a roadcut alongside U.S. Highway 395 at theeast base of the Sierra Nevada in Mono County, east-central California. The site lies within the NW1/4 of sec. 34, T.4S., R.30E.of Casa Diablo, 15' quadrangle, at 118°39'W Long., 37°33'ELat. It is on the north side of an east-west highway reach, 1.2 mi (2 km) east of Tom's Place, 0.1 mi (0.2 km) east of the crossing ofRock Creek, and 22.8 mi(38 km) by highway northwest of the city of Bishop (Fig. 1).
Ventura Avenue anticline
Authors: Yeats Robert S. , Grigsby F. Bryan 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
The Ventura basin in the Transverse Ranges of southernCalifornia (Fig. 1) contains evidence for major folding and faultingin Quaternary time, deformation that is still in progress. Muchof the evidence for age and deformation rates comes from theVentura Avenue anticline that began to form about 200 Ka. The locality exposes the axis of the western continuation of this anticlineand a folded reverse fault similar to larger ones known fromsubsurface information.