bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nonvasculitic autoimmune inflammatory meningoencephalitis as a cause of potentially reversible dementia
Authors: Lyons Mark K. , Caselli Richard J. , Parisi Joseph E. 
Published: April 2008

✓The aim of this study is to evaluate the presentation of unusual dementias in 4 patients and correlate these presentations with the histopathological findings after brain biopsy sampling to define a diagnostic entity. The authors detail the cases of 4 patients (2 women, 46 and 56 years of age; and 2 men, 67 and 74 years of age) who presented with acute and subsequently subacute encephalopathies. Their bizarre presenting symptom complexes and the results of neurological examinations, radiographic studies, electroencephalography (EEG) recordings, and serological marker tests are reviewed. The diagnostic surgical procedures and successful treatments in these patients are discussed.
All 4 patients underwent craniotomy and excisional brain biopsy sampling as part of a comprehensive evaluation. Histopathological confirmation of nonvasculitic autoimmune inflammatory meningoencephalitis (NAIM) by a neuropathologist was present in all 4 patients. All patients were successfully treated with a course of corticosteroid medication.
Nonvasculitic autoimmune inflammatory meningoencephalitis is a potentially treatable form of dementia whose salient features include a younger average age at onset, rapid progression with significant cognitive and behavioral features, absence of family history, abnormal EEG findings, and elevated levels of inflammatory markers. Although it is an invasive procedure, brain biopsy sampling is safe and can offer histological confirmation of this condition. This procedure is important because NAIM can be treated successfully if it is distinguished from the nontreatable dementias that mimic it.
Giant true dorsal thoracic meningocele in a school-age child
Authors: Şanlı A. Metin , Kertmen Hayri , Karavelioglu Ergün , Şekerci Zeki 
Published: April 2008

✓A meningocele is a common form of spinal dysraphic lesions, but it is extremely uncommon in children in the upper thoracic region. The authors describe a rare case in which they found a giant true dorsal meningocele in the upper thoracic region in a symptomatic child, which, to their knowledge, is the first such reported case.
A school-age child, who harbored a giant dorsal mass, complained of restriction of function. He underwent successful surgery in which the meningocele sac was totally removed.
A porcine model of intervertebral disc degeneration induced by annular injury characterized with magnetic resonance imaging and histopathological findings
Authors: Yoon Seung-Hwan , Miyazaki Masashi , Hong Soon-Woo , Tow Ben , Morishita Yuichiro , Hu Ming , Ahn Sung-Joon , Wang Jeffrey C. 
Published: April 2008

Object
Appropriate animal models of disc degeneration are critical for the study of proposed interventions as well as to further delineate the degenerative process. The purpose of this study was to characterize a porcine model for disc degeneration confirmed on magnetic resonance (MR) imaging studies and histological analysis.

Methods
Twelve miniature pigs were used (weight 48–65 kg) to study degeneration in the lumbar spine. Under fluoroscopic guidance, the disc was percutaneously punctured with a 3.2-mm-diameter trephine to a 5-mm depth into the annulus fibrosus. Control and experimental levels were randomized among 6 levels in the lumbar spine. The unlesioned spinal levels were used as controls and were compared with lesioned levels. Magnetic resonance imaging grading and disc height were serially recorded preoperatively, and at 5, 8, 19, 32, and 39 weeks postoperatively. The animals were killed in groups of 3 at 7, 18, 32, and 41 weeks postinjury, and the discs were examined histopathologically.

Results
Consistent, sequential, and progressive degeneration of the annular injury was observed on MR imaging and histopathological studies from the time of injury to the final time point. The disc height and the disc height index also sequentially decreased from the time of the injury in a consistent manner. The uninjured control levels did not show any progressive degeneration and maintained their normal state.

Conclusions
Based on MR imaging and histopathological findings, the authors demonstrated and characterized a reliable model of sequential disc degeneration in miniature pigs with percutaneous injury to the annulus fibrosus. In the early stages, as soon as 5 weeks after injury, significant disc degeneration was seen on MR imaging grading with decreases in disc height. This degeneration did not improve by the final time point of 39 weeks.
Reliable computation of equilibrium cascades with affine arithmetic
Authors: Baharev Ali , Rév Endre 
Published: April 2008

AbstractComputing the steady state of multistage counter‐current processes like distillation, extraction, or absorption is the equivalent to finding solutions for large‐scale nonlinear equation systems. The conventional solution techniques are fast and efficient if a good estimation is available, but are prone to fail, and do not provide information about the reason for the failure. This is the main motive to apply reliable methods in solving them. Reliable computations are usually realized with interval methods. A reliable root finding method is presented, based on affine arithmetic (AA), a recently developed linearization technique and interval method. AA is compared here to another linearization technique, the widely known Interval Newton method. The studied examples seem to indicate superiority of the novel method over the traditional one. The comparison is made with a pruning technique not state‐of‐the‐art, but analogous in the two compared methods. AA can be combined with constraint propagation (CP), or linear programming (LP) aided CP, as pruning techniques. The combined techniques, AA/CP and AA/LP are studied and compared. AA/LP proves to be preferable because of its robustness. Short distillation columns are successfully computed with the proposed AA/LP method. © 2008 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2008
Evidence that parent‐of‐origin affects birth‐weight reductions at high altitude
Authors: Bennett Adam , Sain Stephen R. , Vargas Enrique , Moore Lorna G. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractHypoxia exerts a profound depressant effect on fetal growth, lowering birth weight, and raising mortality risk. Multigenerational high‐altitude populations are relatively protected from this birth‐weight decline, leading us to hypothesize that genetic factors were involved. We asked if the amount of high‐ versus low‐altitude ancestry influenced birth weight at high altitude and, specifically, whether such influences were affected by parent‐of‐origin effects (i.e., genomic imprinting). Medical records were reviewed from 1,343 consecutive, singleton deliveries in La Paz, Bolivia (3,600 m) of high‐ (Andean) or low‐ (European) altitude ancestry. Parental surnames were used to classify ancestry as Andean, European, Mestizo (“mixed”) or some combination thereof. The effects of population ancestry on birth weight were determined by categorical, conditional linear regression. Babies born at altitude with two Andean parents weighed 252 g more than their European counterparts, with the protective effect being proportional to the amount of Andean parentage and independent of maternal parity, body size, smoking, or socioeconomic status. Paternal compared with maternal transmission raised birth weight 81 g for a given ancestry group. We concluded that indigenous high‐altitude ancestry protected against hypoxia‐associated fetal growth reduction in a dose‐dependent fashion consistent with the involvement of genetic factors. Further, some of the genes involved appeared to be influenced by parent‐of‐origin effects, given that maternal transmission restricted and paternal transmission enhanced fetal growth. Am. J. Hum. Biol., 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Recurrent mutation in SNPs within Y chromosome E3b (E‐M215) haplogroup: A rebuttal
Authors: Cruciani Fulvio , Trombetta Beniamino , Novelletto Andrea , Scozzari Rosaria 
Published: April 2008

AbstractIn a previous issue of AJHB, Fernandes et al. (2008. Am J Hum Biol 20:185–190.) describe instances of identity by state at multiple short tandem repeat loci between human Y chromosomes belonging to different E‐M35 sub‐haplogroups. They interpret these findings as evidence for multiple mutational events in at least two loci (M78 and M81). Here, we introduce a novel polymorphic marker (V68), potentially useful to investigate the issue. This marker and sequence data, reported here for the first time, reinforce our previous interpretations on the phylogenetic structure of the E3b haplogroup. We discuss these results in the frame of general approaches to attain robust phylogenetic inferences based on biallelic polymorphism data. Am. J. Hum. Biol., 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Craniosynostosis in a patient with a de novo 15q15‐q22 deletion
Authors: Hiraki Yoko , Moriuchi Miyuki , Okamoto Nobuhiko , Ishikawa Nobutsune , Sugimoto Yosuke , Eguchi Kuniki , Sakai Haruya , Saitsu Hirotomo , Mizuguchi Takeshi , Harada Naoki , Matsumoto Naomichi 
Published: April 2008

AbstractInterstitial deletions involving the chromosomal band 15q15 are very rare. A total of five cases were previously reported. Here another case of a 15q15.2‐q22.2 deletion is reported, presenting with severe craniosynostosis of coronary, metopic, and sagittal sutures. The chromosome 15 with the 17.7‐Mb deletion was of the paternal origin. A critical region for craniosynostosis may be located at the 734‐kb segment at 15q15.2. Interestingly, the entire FBN1 gene was deleted in this patient. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Support for schizophrenia susceptibility locus on chromosome 2q detected in a Swedish isolate using a dense map of microsatellites and SNPs
Authors: Åberg Karolina , Axelsson Elin , Saetre Peter , Jiang Lin , Wetterberg Lennart , Pettersson Ulf , Lindholm Eva , Jazin Elena 
Published: April 2008

AbstractExtended pedigrees are not only very useful to identify disease genes for rare Mendelian conditions, but they may also help unravel the genetics of complex diseases such as schizophrenia. In this study we performed genome‐wide multipoint non‐parametric linkage (NPL) score calculations using 825 microsatellites and 5,366 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), respectively, and searched for haplotypes shared by affected individuals, in three multiplex families including 29 genotyped affected individuals which in total contains 49 relative pairs useful for linkage studies. The most consistent results for microsatellites and SNPs were observed on 2q12.3–q14.1 (NPL scores 2.0, empiricalP‐value 0.009). However, the overall highest NPL score was observed on chromosome 2q33.3 using SNPs (NPL score 2.2, empiricalP‐value 0.007). Other chromosomal regions were detected on 5q15‐q22.1, with microsatellites (NPL scores 1.7, empiricalP‐value 0.021) and with SNPs (NPL scores 2.0, empiricalP‐value 0.010) and on 5q23.1 (NPL score 1.9, empiricalP‐value 0.012) and 8q24.1–q24.2 (NPL score 2.1, empiricalP‐value 0.009) when using SNPs. The analysis of extended pedigrees allowed the search for haplotypes inherited identical by decent (IBD) by affected individuals. In all regions with NPL score >1.9 we found haplotypes inherited IBD by multiple cases. However, no common haplotypes were found for affected individuals in all families. In conclusion our NPL results support earlier findings suggesting that 2q and possibly 5q and 8q contain susceptibility loci for schizophrenia. Haplotype sharing in families helped to delimit the detected regions that potentially are susceptibility loci for schizophrenia. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Genome screen of late‐onset Alzheimer's extended pedigrees identifies TRPC4AP by haplotype analysis
Authors: Poduslo S.E. , Huang R. , Huang J. , Smith S. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractAlzheimer's disease is a complex progressive neurodegenerative disorder with profound cognitive decline. Multiple susceptibility genetic variants have been identified with equivocal replication. While rare, collections of extended pedigrees with multiple affected family members are invaluable for genome‐wide screens. We have used two extended pedigrees, having 14–15 siblings with four to five affected late‐onset Alzheimer's disease patients in each, to identify the gene, transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily C, member 4 associated protein (TRPC4AP), on chromosome 20q11.22, as relevant for the disease. Multiple significant SNPs in this gene were found with the initial genome scan (after Bonferroni correction). Additional SNPs were assessed in the families and in the controls which were also significant by haplotype analysis. Moreover, 36% of the patients' haplotypes in our collection of late‐onset patients had the same haplotype. These results suggest that TRPC4AP is involved with the disease in these late‐onset Alzheimer's families. The results also confirm the use of the genome‐wide association study for identifying new genetic variants of complex diseases. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The influence of 4HB content on the properties of poly(3‐hydroxylbutyrate‐co‐4‐hydroxylbutyrate) based on melt molded sheets
Authors: Cong Chuanbo , Zhang Suyun , Xu Riwei , Lu Weichuan , Yu Dingsheng 
Published: April 2008

AbstractA series of poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐4‐hydroxybutyrate)s[P(3HB‐co‐4HB)s] sheets with the 4HB contents from about 9 to 34 mol % were prepared via melt molding. Their crystallinity, crystalline structures, thermal and mechanical properties were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, X‐ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, dynamic mechanical analysis, and tensile test. It was found that the melt temperatures (Tm), glass transition temperatures (Tg), and storage modulus (E′) of all the [P(3HB‐co‐4HB)s] copolymers investigated decreased continuously with increasing the amount of the 4HB; the yield stress and breaking stress nearly decreased with the increase of the 4HB contents while the elongation at the yield and break points increased; and the thermal stability of the P(3HB‐co‐4HB)s improved with increasing 4HB contents. The results suggest that the mechanical properties and crystal lattice parameters of the melt molded sheets are somewhat different from those of the solution cast films. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Novel waterborne polyurethanes containing short fluoroalkyl chains: Synthesis and applications on cotton fabrics
Authors: Zhu Ming‐Jie , Qing Feng‐Ling , Meng Wei‐Dong 
Published: April 2008

AbstractTwo novel waterborne polyurethanes containing short fluoroalkyl groups [CH(CF3)2 and CH2CF2CF3] were designed and synthesized. They were applied as surface modification agents on cotton fabrics. The treated cotton fabrics showed good water‐repellent properties, and the contact angles for water were 146° for the fluorinated polyurethane with the CH2CF2CF3 group and 132° for the fluorinated polyurethane with the CH(CF3)2 group. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Electrokinetic and rheological behaviors of sepiolite suspensions in the presence of poly(acrylic acid sodium salt)s, polyacrylamides, and poly(ethylene glycol)s of different molecular weights
Authors: Tunç Sibel , Duman Osman , Uysal Ramazan 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe effects of the molecular weights and concentrations of three polymers, poly(acrylic acid sodium salt) (NaPA), polyacrylamide (PAA), and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), on the electrokinetic and rheological properties of sepiolite suspensions were investigated. The ζ‐potential values of the sepiolite suspensions were measured at different pH values, and the isoelectric point of sepiolite was determined to be 3.27. The anionic NaPA polymers were much effective in reducing the ζ‐potential values of sepiolite than the nonionic polymers PAA and PEG. PAA and PEG of higher molecular weights caused a significant increase in the ζ‐potentials of the sepiolite suspensions as their concentrations and molecular weights increased. The suspensions exhibited Bingham flow behavior. The reason for the increase in the plastic viscosity values of the sepiolite/NaPA suspensions was the increase in the polymer concentration in the suspensions; on the other hand, for the sepiolite/PAA or PEG suspensions, the reasons were the increase in the polymer concentration in the suspensions and the sepiolite–polymer interactions. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Mitochondrial protein quality control: Implications in ageing
Authors: Friguet Bertrand , Bulteau Anne‐Laure , Petropoulos Isabelle 
Published: April 2008

AbstractMitochondria represent both a major source for reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and a target for oxidative macromolecular damage. Increased production of ROS and accumulation of oxidized proteins have been associated with cellular ageing. Protein quality control, also referred as protein maintenance, is very important for the elimination of oxidized proteins through degradation and repair. Chaperone proteins have been implicated in refolding of misfolded proteins while oxidized protein repair is limited to the catalyzed reduction of certain oxidation products of the sulfur‐containing amino acids, cysteine and methionine, by specific enzymatic systems. In the mitochondria, oxidation of methionine residues within proteins can be catalytically reversed by the methionine sulfoxide reductases, an ubiquitous enzymatic system that has been implicated both in ageing and protection against oxidative stress. Irreversibly oxidized proteins are targeted to degradation by mitochondrial matrix proteolytic systems such as the Lon protease. The ATP‐stimulated Lon protease is believed to play a crucial role in the degradation of oxidized proteins within the mitochondria and age‐related declines in the activity and/or expression of this proteolytic system have been previously reported. Age‐related impairment of mitochondrial protein maintenance may therefore contribute to the age‐associated build‐up of oxidized proteins and impairment of mitochondrial redox homeostasis.
Oxidative Double Dehalogenation of Tetrachlorocatechol by a Bio‐Inspired CuII Complex: Formation of Chloranilic Acid
Authors: Bruijnincx Pieter C. A. , Viciano‐Chumillas Marta , Lutz Martin , Spek Anthony L. , Reedijk Jan , van Koten Gerard , Klein Gebbink Robertus J. M. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractCopper(II) complexes of the potentially tripodal N,N,O ligand 3,3‐bis(1‐methylimidazol‐2‐yl)propionate (L1) and its conjugate acid HL1 have been synthesised and structurally and spectroscopically characterised. The reaction of equimolar amounts of ligand and CuII resulted in the complexes [Cu(L1)]n(X)n (X=OTf−, PF6−; n=1,2), for which a new bridging coordination mode of L1 is inferred. Although these complexes showed moderate catecholase activity in the oxidation of 3,5‐di‐tert‐butylcatechol, surprising reactivity with the pseudo‐substrate tetrachlorocatechol was observed. A chloranilato‐bridged dinuclear CuII complex was isolated from the reaction of [Cu(L1)]n(PF6)n with tetrachlorocatechol. This stoichiometric oxidative double dehalogenation of tetrachlorocatechol to chloranilic acid by a biomimetic copper(II) complex is unprecedented. The crystal structure of the product, [Cu2(ca)Cl2(HL1)2], shows a bridging bis‐bidentate chloranilato (ca) ligand and ligand L1 coordinated as its conjugate acid (HL1) in a tridentate fashion. Magnetic susceptibility studies revealed weak antiferromagnetic coupling (J=−35 cm−1) between the two copper centres in the dinuclear complex. Dissolution of the green complex [Cu2(ca)Cl2(HL1)2] resulted in the formation of new pink‐purple mononuclear compound [Cu(ca)(HL1)(H2O)], the crystal structure of which was determined. It showed a terminal bidentate chloranilato ligand and N,N‐bidentate coordination of ligand HL1, which illustrates the flexible coordination chemistry of ligand L1.
Pore‐Size Tuning in Double‐Pillared Metal‐Organic Frameworks Containing Cadmium Clusters
Authors: Hernández‐Ahuactzi Irán F. , Höpfl Herbert , Barba Victor , Román‐Bravo Perla , Zamudio‐Rivera Luis S. , Beltrán Hiram I. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThis contribution describes metal‐organic frameworks based on cadmium‐clusters that are capable of generating double‐pillared architectures. A brief overview of the literature concerning such systems is presented together with the description of three new coordination polymers, [{[Cd2(trans‐1,2‐a,a‐chdc)(trans‐1,2‐e,e‐chdcH)2(4,4′‐bpy)2]·8H2O}n] (1), [{Cd2(trans‐1,4‐e,e‐chdc)(trans‐1,4‐a,a‐chdc)(4,4′‐bpe)2}n] (2) and[{[Cd2(cis,cis‐1,3,5‐chtc)(HCO2)(H2O)(4,4′‐bpy)2]·DMF·4H2O}n] (3) [1,2‐chdc = 1,2‐cyclohexanedicarboxylate, 1,4‐chdc = 1,4‐cyclohexanedicarboxylate, 1,3,5‐chtc = 1,3,5‐cyclohexanetricarboxylate, 4,4′‐bpy = 4,4′‐bipyridine and 4,4′‐bpe = (E)‐1,2‐bis(4‐pyridyl)ethylene]. Compound 1 has a double‐pillared two‐dimensional layer structure, while compounds 2 and 3 are double‐pillared three‐dimensional frameworks. All materials have been characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis. The robustness of the open‐frameworks found for compounds 1 and 3 has been examined by X‐ray powder diffraction of dried samples, which showed that the crystal structure of the 2D coordination polymer 1 collapses whereas the 3D architecture of compound 3 remains intact. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Genotoxicity testing of the herbicide trifluralin and its commercial formulation Treflan using the piscine micronucleus test
Authors: Könen Serpil , Çavaş Tolga 
Published: April 2008

AbstractIn this study, the genotoxic effects of a widely used herbicide, trifluralin, and its commercial formulation, Treflan, were evaluated using the micronucleus test in a commercially important fish species, Oreochromis niloticus (Nile Tilapia). Fish were exposed to 1, 5, and 10 μg/L doses of trifluralin and Treflan for 3, 6, and 9 days under laboratory conditions. Ethylmethanesulfonate, at a single dose of 10 mg/L, was used as positive control. Micronuclei were evaluated on the peripheral erythrocytes. Both Treflan and trifluralin treatments significantly increased the micronucleus frequencies in peripheral erythrocytes of O. niloticus. Furthermore, the genotoxicity of the active ingredient, trifluralin, was observed to be higher than that of the commercial formulation Treflan. Our results indicate that herbicide trifluralin has genotoxic potential in fish. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A diffusion model for products with indirect network externalities
Authors: Chun Sung Yong , Hahn Minhi 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThis paper develops a new diffusion model that incorporates the indirect network externality. The market with indirect network externalities is characterized by two‐way interactive effects between hardware and software products on their demands. Our model incorporates two‐way interactions in forecasting the diffusion of hardware products based on a simple but realistic assumption. The new model is parsimonious, easy to estimate, and does not require more data points than the Bass diffusion model. The new diffusion model was applied to forecast sales of DVD players in the United States and in South Korea, and to the sales of Digital TV sets in Australia. When compared to the Bass and NSRL diffusion models, the new model showed better performance in forecasting long‐term sales. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.