bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
4,4′,4″-Tris(levulinoyloxy)trityl as a New Type of Primary Hydroxyl Protecting Group
Authors: Sekine Mitsuo , Hata Tsujiaki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The 4,4′,4″-tris(levulinoyloxy)trityl (TLTr) group was introduced selectively on the 5′-oxygen of thymidine by use of in situ generated 4,4′,4″-tris(levulinoyloxy)trityl bromide. The TLTr group was found to be sufficiently stable to acids and readily removed by hydrazinolysis followed by warming to 50 °C in pyridine–acetic acid without damage of other protecting groups such as the O-acetyl and 4,4′-dimethoxytrityl groups. The utility of this new protecting group was demonstrated by the successful synthesis of thymidylyl(3′–5′)-thymidine where the TLTr group was employed as the 5′-hydroxyl-protecting group.
Optical Absorption and Conductimetric Studies on Ionic Dissociation of Metallotetraphenylporphyrins in Ethanol Solutions
Authors: Hoshino Mikio , Katayama Shunzo , Yamamoto Kiyoko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Optical absorption spectra of chloro[tetraphenylporphyrinato(2-)]metals, MIIICl(tpp) (M=Mn, Fe, Co, and In), and diacetato[tetraphenylporphyrinato(2-)]tin(IV), SnIV(CH3COO)2(tpp), in ethanol and benzene solutions were measured. A marked difference in the absorption spectra between the ethanol and benzene solutions was observed for MIIICl(tpp), FeIIICl(tpp), and CoIIICl(tpp), while a small difference for InIIICl(tpp) and SnIV(CH3COO)2(tpp). The electric conductivity measurements demonstrated that MIIICl(tpp) (M=Mn, Fe, Co, and In) undergoes ionic dissociation in ethanol, whereas SnIV(CH3COO)2(tpp) does not. Solvent effects on the optical absorption spectra observed for ethanol and benzene solutions of the metallotetraphenylporphyrins are discussed on the basis of (1) the ionic dissociation revealed from the conductivity measurements and (2) charge-transfer (from porphyrin ligand to the central metal) character of the electronic absorption bands.
Magnetic-field Effect on the Thermal Decomposition of Dilauroyl Peroxide
Authors: Tanimoto Yoshifumi , Nishino Masato , Itoh Michiya 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
In the thermal decomposition of dilauroyl peroxide in octane, the yield of docosane increases by 3–6% in the presence of magnetic fields (0.15–1 T). The results are interpreted in terms of a radical–pair model.
Formation of α-Methylstyrene Dimer Radical Cations via Molecular Aggregates Studied by Pulse Radiolysis
Authors: Yamamoto Yukio , Chikai Yukio , Hayashi Koichiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Pulse radiolysis of α-methylstyrene was carried out in 1,2-dichloroethane, and the effect of additives on the formation of the dimer radical cations was investigated. In the presence of excess amounts of hexenes and biphenyl, the dimer radical cations are suggested to be formed via molecular aggregates by charge-transfer reactions.
Olefin Hydrogenation over ZSM-5 Type Zeolite Catalysts Modified with Alkaline Earth Metals
Authors: Sano Tsuneji , Okabe Kiyomi , Shoji Hiroshi , Saito Kenji , Yasumoto Yoshiro , Hagiwara Hiroyuki , Takaya Haruo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Olefin hydrogenation was carried out over ZSM-5 type zeolite catalysts modified with various alkaline earth metals. It was found that the catalytic activity of H–ZSM-5 for the olefin hydrogenation decreases upon such a modification.
The Reaction of Dimethyl N-Benzoylcarbonimidodithioates with Amines
Authors: Fukada Naoaki , Hayashi Masahiro , Suzuki Yukari 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1-Substituted 3-benzoyl-2-methylisothioureas and 1,3-disubstituted 2-benzoylguanidines were synthesized from dimethyl N-benzoylcarbonimidodithioates and amines. From ethylenediamine and 2-aminoethanol, imidazolidine and oxazolidine derivatives were obtained respectively.
Palladium-catalyzed Displacement of Aryl Halide by Tin Analogue of Reformatsky Reagent
Authors: Kosugi Masanori , Negishi Yoshikazu , Kameyama Masayuki , Migita Toshihiko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Reaction of ethyl α-(tributylstannyl)acetate with aryl bromides in the presence of zinc bromide or chloride and a catalytic amount of dichlorobis(tri-o-tolylphosphine)palladium was found to give ethyl arylacetates in good yields except with the aryl bromide having p-acetyl or p-nitro group.
Cycloreversion Reaction of Cage Compounds Initiated by Aminium Cation Radical Salts
Authors: Hasegawa Eietsu , Mukai Toshio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Treating cage compounds 1 with triarylaminium cation radical salts, 3 and 4, resulted in the effective conversion of 1 to dienes 2. The cation radical isomerization induced by electron-transfer from 1 to aminium salt was suggested by the effect of substituent of 1 as well as by the effect of addition of electron donors as quenchers.
Stereoselective Synthesis of (E)-Alkylidenesucdnates by Palladium-catalyzed Carbonylation
Authors: Yamamoto Keiji , Deguchi Ryoji , Tsuji Jiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
(E)-Alkylidenesuccinates have been prepared stereoselectively starting with acrylates by a three-step procedure involving a palladium-catalyzed carbonylation of allylic carbonates.
Chlorination of Poly(vinyltoluene) by Electrolysis in an Organic/Water Suspension System
Authors: Matsuda Yoshiharu , Morita Masayuki , Yamamoto Hiroshi , Watanabe Hiroyuki , Seita Tooru , Akimoto Akira 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Chlorinated poly(vinyltoluene) was synthesized by controlled-current electrolysis of poly(vinyltoluene) in a suspension system consisting of aqueous and organic solutions. A high Cl-content polymer, in which Cl was introduced to the methyl group and the main chain, was obtained without changes in the molecular-weight distribution of the polymer.
Photochemical Magnetic Field Effects of 4-Methyl-2-quinolinecarbonitrile
Authors: Hata Norisuke , Nishida Naoya 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The irradiation of 4-methyl-2-quinolinecarbonitrile 1 in ethanol or cyclohexane resulted in the formation of 2-(1-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylquinoline 2 or 2-cyclohexyl-4-methylquinoline 3 in the yield of ca. 48 or 65%. The effects of an external magnetic field upon the photosubstitution reaction were investigated in either the absence or presence of 1,3-pentadiene (triplet quencher). In the case of the photosubstitution reaction (1→2) in ethanol, the chemical yield of 2 increased quadratically with an increase in the field strength (magnetic field effect due to Δg mechanism) and it also showed a minimum at approximately 1.1T (magnetic field effect due to HFI-J mechanism). The addition of 1,3-pentadiene caused a complete disappearance of the Δg magnetic field effect. Thus, the formation of 2 at a zero field was concluded to occur from the S1-state via the singlet hydrogen-bonded radical pair. In the case of the photosubstitution reaction (1→3) in cyclohexane, the chemical yield of 3 decreased steeply upon the application of a magnetic field 40m T (magnetic field effect due to HFI mechanism) and a further increase in the field strength resulted in a quadratic increase in the yield (magnetic field effect due to Δg mechanism). Neither an HFI nor a Δg magnetic field effect was observed in the presence of 1,3-pentadiene. The reaction was thus concluded to proceed from the S1 and T1 states via the singlet and triplet radical pairs. Reaction mechanisms deduced from the external magnetic field effects were consistent with the results of Stern-Volmer analyses.
The Decomposition of t-Butyl Heptafluoroperoxybutyrate in Aromatic and Aliphatic Solvents
Authors: Sawada Hideo , Hagii Hidehiko , Aoshima Kazuyoshi , Yoshida Masato , Kobayashi Michio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Kinetical studies and products analyses of the thermal decomposition of t-butyl heptafluoroperoxybutyrate (TBH) in benzene, octane, nitrobenzene, pyridine, and methoxybenzene have been carried out. In benzene and octane, the decomposition appears to be entirely a radical process. In nitrobenzene and pyridine, the reactions are found to give ionic decomposition products exclusively. On the other hand, the decomposition of TBH in methoxybenzene is characteristic of mixed ionic and radical cleavages.
Internal Energy Distributions of NH(A3II). An Application of Phase Space Theory to the Electron-impact Dissociation
Authors: Tokue Ikuo , Ito Yoshio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Internal energy distributions of NH(A) produced by electron impact on NH3, HN3, and HNCO are compared with those predicted by use of the phase space theory based on the method of Light and Pechukas. The values predicted under conservation of energy and total angular momentum are found to be inconsistent with the experimental results. The observed values are well simulated via the introduction of a nonstatistical bias by representing the selective coupling between the reaction coordinate and the rotational modes of the products. The dynamics for formation of NH(A) is discussed.
Preparation and Stereochemistry of Cobalt(III) Complexes Containing (3S,8S)-3,8-Dimethyl-1,1,10,10-tetraphenyl-4,7-diaza-1,10-diphosphadecane or (4S,9S)-2,4,9,11-Tetramethyl-5,8-diaza-2,11-diphosphadodecane (SS-Me2-mm-PNNP). Molecular Structure of (+)589-Λ-cisβ-[Co(acac)(SS-Me2-mm-PNNP)](ClO4)2·H2O (acac=C5H7O2−)
Authors: Atoh Masamichi , Kashiwabara Kazuo , Fujita Junnosuke 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Two new optically active quadridentate phosphine ligands, (3S,8S)-3,8-dimethyl-1,1,10,10-tetraphenyl-4,7-diaza-1,10-diphosphadecane(SS-Me2-pp-PNNP) and (4S,9S)-2,4,9,11-tetramethyl-5,8-diaza-2,11-diphosphadodecane(SS-Me2-mm-PNNP) and their cobalt(III) complexes, trans-[CoCl2(SS-Me2-pp- or SS-Me2-mm-PNNP)]+, Λ-cisβ-[Co(acac)(SS-Me2-pp-PNNP)]2+ (acac=2,4-pentanedionate ion), Λ-cisβ-[Co(CO3)(SS-Me2-pp-PNNP)]+, and Δ- and Λ-cisβ-[Co(acac)(SS-Me2-mm-PNNP)]2+ were prepared and characterized. The molecular structure and the absolute configuration of (+)589-Λ-cisβ-[Co(acac)(SS-Me2-mm-PNNP)](ClO4)2·H2O were determined by X-ray analysis. Crystal data; monoclinic, C2, a=28.274(4)Å, b=9.266(1)Å, c=11.0901(9)Å, β=92.97(1)°, V=2901.6(5)Å3, and Z=4. Three five-membered chelate rings in the complex form distorted gauche (δλλ) conformations, and the methyl group on carbon of the apically linked chelate ring takes an axial disposition. Stereochemistry of all the complexes was discussed on the basis of the NMR, absorption and CD spectra.
Structural Studies of Thiocyanato and Isothiocyanato Cobalt(III) Complexes Ligating Diamine-N,N′-polycarboxylates
Authors: Kato Yoshikiyo , Isago Hiroaki , Ogino Hiroshi , Toriumi Koshiro , Ito Tasuku 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Crystal and molecular structures of NH4[Co(NCS)(hedtra)]·H2O and K[Co(SCN)(edtra)]·1.5H2O have been determined by single-crystal X-ray analyses, where hedtra3− and edtra3− denote N-(2-hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine-N,N′,N′-triacetate and ethylenediamine-N,N,N′-triacetate ions, respectively. Crystal data are as follows: For the former species, triclinic, space group P1, a=7.477(2)Å, b=9.135(2)Å, c=6.899(1)Å; α=84.37(2)°, β=107.31(2)°, γ=108.35(2)°, V=427.0(2)Å3, Z=1; for the latter species, monoclinic, space group P21/a, a=15.288(2)Å, b=7.059(1)Å, c=14.373(2)Å, β=107.55(1), V=1479.0(4)Å3, Z=4. It has been proved unequivocally that the former species contains N-bonded SCN− ligand and the latter species, the S-bonded ligand. Coordination geometry around the cobalt atom in each species deviates considerably from the regular octahedron, so that a very open space is created around the Co–NCS or Co–SCN moiety. This structural feature may be associated with the facile formation of the novel S-bonded species.
Studies on Mixed Chelates. XIV. Influences of Solvent Polarity, and of Substituent Groups in β-Diketonate Ligands, on the Electronic Spectra of 5-Coordinated Mixed Copper(II) Chelates in Organic Solutions
Authors: Fukuda Yutaka , Yasuhira Mayumi , Sone Kozo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Several chelates of copper(II), Cu(tmen)(dike)X, were newly obtained where tmen=N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethylenediamine, dike= a β-diketonate ion, and X−= a halide or pseudohalide anion. These complexes exist as 5-coordinated species, with axially coordinated X−, in nonpolar solvents. In more polar solvents, they are ionized according to the solvent polarity, and form the following equilibrium mixtures:
[Cu(tmen)(dike)X]\ightleftharpoons[Cu(tmen)(dike)]++X−
5–coordinated 4–coordinated(solvated, tetragonal)
This equilibrium is controlled by (a) the strengths of acceptor and donor properties of the solvent, which can be expressed by its polarity factor (Pf), i.e., a linear combination of the donor number and acceptor number of the solvent, and (b) the changes of the ligand field strength of dike caused by the electron-withdrawing and -releasing properties of its α-substituent groups.
CO2 Laser-induced Decomposition of 1,1,2-Trichloroethane
Authors: Ogura Hiroo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
CH2ClCHCl2 was photolyzed with a focusing geometry using the P(24) line of the 10.6 μm CO2 band (940.6 cm−1). The final products of neat photolysis were cis- and trans-CHCl=CHCl, CH2=CCl2, CH2=CHCl, CH≡CCl, CH≡CH, and C4H2. The relative yield of CH2=CCl2 in particular was strongly dependent on CH2ClCHCl2 pressure and sensitive to the addition of H atom containing molecules. A series of diagnostic experiments shows that the dichloroethene isomers are formed by three different processes, i.e., infrared multiphoton decomposition, collision-induced decomposition, and radical chain reaction. Infrared mulitiphoton decomposition and collision-induced decomposition give rise to cis- and trans-CHCl=CHCl predominantly, while the radical chain reaction generates the dichloroethene isomers in comparable amounts at high reactant pressures, the most probable initiation step being the C–Cl bond-scission reaction of the parent molecule. Formation mechanisms for other minor products are also discussed.
Spectrophotometric Determination of Rhodium(III) and Iridium(III) with 3-Hydroxy-2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone 4-Oxime
Authors: Shravah Kamini , Sindhwani S K 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Rhodium(III) and iridium(III) form 1:3 and 1:2 (metal:ligand) complex, respectively with 3-hydroxy-2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone 4-oxime (HMNQM). The complexes are soluble in 20% ethanol. The reagent has been used for the spectrophotometric determination of Rh(III) and Ir(III). The optimum ranges of concentration for the determination of Rh(III) and Ir(III) are 0.27–5.24 and 1.51–15.85 over the pH range 5.0–7.5 and 5.3–8.0, respectively. The Sandell sensitivities for the determination of Rh(III) and Ir(III) are 0.0042 and 0.015 μg cm−2, respectively. The determinations have also been carried out in the presence of foreign ions.
Studies on Double Malonates. II. Potassium Rare Earth Malonates, K5Ln(C3H2O4)4 (Ln=Gd–Ho or Y)
Authors: Nabar Mahadeo Anant , Jukar Bharat Nilkanth 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Double malonates of some of the rare earths with potassium having formula K5Ln(C3H2O4)4 were synthesized. The lattice parameters of the compounds were determined by X-ray powder diffractometry. Infrared absorption spectroscopy was employed to throw some light on the nature of Ln–O bonding, while the thermoanalytical techniques were made use of in proposing the thermal decomposition mechanism of some of the double malonates.
Effects of Solvents and pH on the Spectral Behavior of 2-(p-Aminophenyl)benzimidazole
Authors: Mishra Ashok Kumar , Dogra Sneh Kumar 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The absorption and fluorescence spectra in different solvents and at various pH have indicated that monocation and dication of 2-(p-aminophenyl)benzimidazole (PBNH2) are formed by protonating first the tertiary amine nitrogen atom and then the amino group, both in S0 and S1 whereas the monoanion in S0 is obtained by deprotonating the imino group but in S1 it is formed by deprotonating the amino group. Dianion at H–15 in S1 is obtained by deprotonating the amino and then imino group.
Extraction Chromatographic Separation of Uranium (VI) with Amberlite LA-1 from Malonic Acid
Authors: Narayanan Prakash , Khopkar S M 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Uranium(VI) was extracted between pH 2.5 to 6.0 from 0.01 mol dm−3 malonic acid on a column of silica gel with Amberlite LA-1 as the extractant. It was stripped from the column with 1–2 mol dm−3 of hydrochloric, sulfuric, and nitric acids. Uranium(VI) was separated from alkali, alkaline earths, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, zinc, yttrium, lanthanum, cerium in binary mixtures by exploiting the difference in the pH of formation of malonato complexes. Uranium was separated from zirconium, hafnium, thorium, scandium, and titanium by taking its advantage of stability of chloro or sulfato complexes. The method was tested for the standard reference rock samples.
Thermal Studies of 1,2-Propanediamine Complexes of Zinc(II) and Cadmium(II) in the Solid Phase
Authors: Ghosh Ashutosh , De Goutam , Ray Chaudhuri Nirmalendu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
[ML3]X2·nH2O, where M=ZnII and CdII; L=1,2-propanediamine; X=Cl−, Br−, 0.5SO42−, and 0.5SeO42− and n=1, 1.5, and 2, have been synthesized and their thermal investigations carried out. ZnL1.5Cl2, CdL1.5X2 (X=Cl− and Br−), and CdLX2 (X=Cl−, 0.5SO42−, and 0.5SeO42−) have been synthesized pyrolytically in solid state from their parent diamine complexes. These ML1.5X2 complexes are expected to exist as [ML3][MX4]. Only [CdL3][CdBr4] species has been synthesized from solution. Syntheses of ZnLCl2, CdLCl2, and CdLBr2 from solution have also been reported. IR spectra suggest that symmetry of the chelate ring in mono (diamine) complexes is lowered in comparison to the other complexes. ML1.5Cl2 show isomorphism with each other. Thermal stability sequence of [ML3]X2 (X=Br−, 0.5SO42− and 0.5SeO42−) is SO42−&lt;SeO42−≤Br−. [ZnL3]X2 and ZnLX2 appear thermally more stable than those of cadmium complexes. All these complexes are thermally less stable than those of 1,2-ethanediamine complexes reported by us earlier.
Über die Reaktion von Harnstoff mit Ammoniumhydrogenamidophosphat unter dem Atmosphärendruck
Authors: Shimasaki Choichiro , Hara Mitsunari 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Die Reaktion von Harnstoff mit Ammoniumhydrogenamidophosphat (NH4HPO3NH2) im Schmelzzustand unter dem Atmosphärendruck ergibt, daß die Bildung des Guanidinumions (GH+) zusammen mit dem Phosphation bei ca. 160 °C die maximale Hitze, und nach 7 Stunden die maximale Ausbeute erreicht. Aus IR Spektren und 31P NMR-Spektren von Reaktionsgemischen und der Entwicklungsbetrag des Ammoniakgases wurde keine Zwischenprodukte, wie Ammoniumureidophosphat, aufgestellt. Die frühere Hauptreaktion der Bildung von GH+ ist das Deamidieren von NH4HPO3NH2. Die gebildete GH+ und das Phosphation bilden mit zunehmender Reaktionstemperatur jeweils die Ringverbindungen wie Triazinverbindungen und die Polmerisaten wie Pyro-, Tripoly-, und Metaphosphat. Das aus NH4HPO3NH2 isolierende Ammoniak unterdrückt die Zersetzung von Harnstoff zu Cyansäure und befördert die Transition zu Cyanamid. Die Bildung von GH+ ist von der Reaktion von Cyanamid mit NH4+ abhängig.
The Reaction of 5-Cyano- and 5-Methoxycarbonyl-7-oxabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-enes with Chlorotrimethylsilane/Sodium Iodide Reagent
Authors: Kibayashi Takao , Ishii Yasutaka , Ogawa Masaya 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Reactions of 5-cyano- and 5-methoxycarbonyl-7-oxabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-enes with a chlorotrimethylsilane/sodium iodide reagent in acetonitrile gave 2-furanpropanenitrile and 5-methoxycarbonyl-1,3-cyclohexadiene in good yields, respectively.
Optical Resolution of 3a,4,7,7a-Tetrahydro-4,7-methano-1H-indene Derivatives
Authors: Ito Toshio , Okamoto Yoshio , Matsumoto Takeshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
(1RS,3aRS,4RS,7SR,7aSR)-3a,4,7,7a-Tetrahydro-4,7-methano-1H-inden-1-ol was resolved kinetically and its C-1 epimer was resolved chromatographically. Absolute configurations of these resolved compounds were determined.
Phase Diagrams in Binary Systems of Octafluoronaphthalene and Polynuclear Aromatic Compounds
Authors: Miyagishi Shigeyoshi , Isomi Akira , Iwata Mayumi , Asakawa Tsuyoshi , Nishida Morie 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Solid-liquid phase diagrams were obtained for binary mixtures of octafluoronaphthalene with six polynuclear aromatic compounds, pyrene, phenanthrene, naphthalene, 1,5-naphthylenediamine, anthracene, and phenothiazine, and for mixtures of naphthalene and pyrene. The first four systems all formed well-defined 1:1 molecular complexes with congruent melting points.
NMR Spectra of Substituted 2-(2-Nitrovinyl)thiophenes
Authors: Satonaka Hajime , Watanabe Michio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1H and 13C NMR spectra are reported for substituted 2-(2-nitrovinyl) thiophenes. The proton chemical shifts and coupling constants were correlated closely with those of methyl trans-3-(5-substituted 2-thienyl) acrylates. We have found that the additivity rule for 13C chemical shifts of simple substituted thiophenes is applicable to the shifts of the ring carbons in substituted 2-(2-nitrovinyl) thiophenes.
Bromochlorination of Conjugated Dienes with Dichlorobromate(1-) Ion
Authors: Negoro Takeshi , Ikeda Yoshitsugu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The reactions of some conjugated dienes with tetrabutylammonium dichlorobromate (1-) (1) were found to give the bromochloroalkenes in good yields, 1,2-addition predominating. Appreciable anti-Markownikoff adduct was obtained from 1,3-butadiene. An AdEC2-type mechanism is suggested.
Possible Interpretation of Inactivity of Novel Gramicidin S Analogs by CD Spectral Analysis of Tetrapeptide Derivatives Related to the Analogs
Authors: Sato Kazuki , Nagai Ukon , Tamaki Makoto 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
CD spectral analysis of chromophoric derivatives of tetrapeptides related to the β-turn part of [d-Val1,1′]-and [d-Val1,1′, l-Phe4,4′]-gramicidin S indicated that they had very low preference for β-turn formation. The results suggested that neither analog could take gramicidin S-like β-sheet conformation. It seems noteworthy that the side-chain bulkiness of the 4th amino acid of a tetrapeptide affects the stability of β-turn.
Further Evidence for the Regioselectivity Rules in Nucleophilic Aromatic Photosubstitution
Authors: Mutai Kiyoshi , Nakagaki Ryoichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
In order to assess the validity of our regioselectivity rules for nucleophilic aromatic photosubstitution, 4-nitronaphthyl ethers were designed and their photochemical behavior was studied by applying frontier molecular orbital theory. The results provide supporting evidence for our rules.
The Reaction of Azulene with Nitroethene. A New Route to 2-(1-Azulenyl)ethanamines
Authors: Kurokawa Shinji , Anderson Arthur G. 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Azulene and guaiazulene react with nitroethene to form substitution products having 2-nitroethyl, 2,4-dinitrobutyl, or 2-nitroethenyl groups at the 1(3)-position in low yields. The presence of formic acid prevented the formation of the dinitrobutyl compound, and increased the yield of the 2-nitroethyl derivative. A reaction course leading to these products is proposed. Reduction of 1-(2-nitroethyl)azulene and 1-(2-nitroethyl)guaiazulene gave the corresponding amine compounds in good yields. This two-step process provides a new, improved route to 2-(1-azulenyl)ethanamines having a primary amino group. The amine products, like related biogenic amines, inhibited the contraction of smooth muscle.
A CIDEP Study of the Addition of Trialkylsilyl Radicals to Substituted p-Benzoquinones
Authors: Craw Marjory T , Alberti Angelo , Depew M Catherine , Wan Jeffrey K S 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Evidence has been obtained through the combined ESR and CIDEP techniques for the two distinct pathways in which trialkylsilyl radicals add to substituted p-benzoquinones via the carbonyl oxygen as well as the ring carbon–carbon double bonds. The results represent the first observation of CIDEP from organic radicals containing an organosilyl group in solution.
Promotion of Dehydrazination by Nitrobenzenesulfonyl Group from Phosphorus-hydrazone Adducts
Authors: Yamashita Mitsuji , Takeuchi Jun , Nakatani Kaname , Oshikawa Tatsuo , Inokawa Saburo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Dehydrazination of adducts of phenylsulfonylhydrazones and phosphorus compounds was promoted by a nitro substituent on the ring to afford derivatives of a phosphine oxide and phosphonates.