bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increase in fibronectin in the deep dermis of involved skin in progressive systemic sclerosis
Authors: Cooper Sheldon M. , Keyser Anthony J. , Beaulieu Andre D. , Ruoslahti Erkki , Nimni Marcel E. , Quismorio Francisco P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe distribution and amount of fibronectin in both involved and uninvolved skin from scleroderma patients and controls were compared by indirect immunofluorescence. A marked increase in fibronectin was found in the deep dermis of involved scleroderma skin, while the subepidermal papillary regions of all specimens revealed little variation in fibronectin content. The distribution of the accumulated fibronectin appeared to parallel that of the accumulated collagen in the involved reticular dermis.
In vitro hexosamine depletion of intact articular cartilage by e‐prostaglandins
Authors: Fulkerson John P. , Ladenbauer‐Bellis Inge‐Maria , Chrisman O. Donald 
Published: February 2007

AbstractShort‐term incubations of intact canine articular cartilage slices with prostaglandins E1 and E2 caused significant losses of hexosamine from cartilage matrix compared to controls. Chloroquine, an inhibitor of DNA primer, prevented this prostaglandin‐induced hexosamine depletion. These data suggest that E‐prostaglandins may degrade articular cartilage directly through DNA‐dependent RNA synthesis of cathepsinlike proteases. Catabolism of articular cartilage probably involves degradation of existing matrix in addition to inhibition of synthesis.
Identification of human h‐y antigen and its testis‐organizing function
Authors: Iwata Hikaru , Nagai Yukifumi , Stapleton Dwight D. , Smith Richard C. , Ohno Susumu 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn a mutational absence of the proposed plasma membrane anchorage sites of H‐Y antigen, the original pseudodiploid line of β+2microglobulin (—), HLA (—) Daudi human male Burkitt lymphoma cells proved themselves incapable of stably maintaining H‐Y antigen on their plasma membrane. Instead, H‐Y antigen was excreted into the culture medium. Human H‐Y antigen so excreted was identified as a series of polymers of molecular weight (MW) 18,000 subunit formed by interchain disulfide bridges. MW 18,000 H‐Y antigen subunit and other equally hydrophobic protein subunits excreted by Daudi cells were characterized by half‐lives longer than 20 hours. Human H‐Y antigen excreted by Daudi demonstrated a specific binding affinity toward unoccupied gonad‐specific H‐Y receptor sites residing on the plasma membrane of XX bovine embryonic gonadal cells, and this interaction induced the precocious testicular transformation in XX bovine embryonic indifferent gonads. In this experiment reported here, the variant pseudotetraploid line of Daudi produced an altered form of MW 18,000 subunit which was no longer capable of polymerizing via interchain disulfide bridges. Most of the altered H‐Y antigen subunit remained on the plasma membrane, but a small amount of it was excreted and demonstrated no binding affinity toward unoccupied gonad‐specific H‐Y receptor sites. However, this altered, monomeric H‐Y antigen subunit still readily absorbed the male‐specific cytotoxicity contained in H‐Y antibody.
High sensitivity to androgen as a contributing factor in sex differences in the immune response
Authors: Cohn D. A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe factors responsible for sex differences in the immune response remain poorly understood despite the numerous, often conflicting reports published on the effects of the sex chromosomes or sex hormones on immune responsiveness. In the first part of this work, attempts are made to draw together some of the findings reported from different laboratories and to review briefly the work on sex differences in the immune response. In the second part, data from our laboratory are presented which suggest that in healthy, intact, untreated male mice a correlation exists between high sensitivity to androgen and low immune performance. We show that sex differences in the immune response do not invariably occur, but they do occur primarily in mouse strains with high target organ responsiveness to androgen, the C57L/J and the RF/J. In these strains males appear to be at a disadvantage immunologically in that they have lower plasma immunoglobulin levels and lower specific immune responses than females of the same strains or males of low androgen responder strains, the A/J and the 129/J. The low immune status of these high androgen responder (HAR) males is not influenced by altering postnatal concentrations of circulating androgen, indicating that it is high sensitivity to androgen, not a high concentration of circulating androgen, that correlates with poor immune performance. The low responses of HAR males to a variety of unrelated antigens and the fact that HAR males produce low antibody responses to bovine IgG even when they carry the H‐2 type for high immune responses suggest that high sensitivity to androgen may act as a nonspecific modulator of the immune response. Possible mechanisms of action are discussed.
Gold‐induced changes in the morphology and functional capabilities of human monocytes
Authors: Ugai Kazuhiro , Ziff Morris , Lipsky Peter E 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe capacity of gold compounds to induce morphologic changes and alterations in the functional activity of human mononuclear phagocytes (MΦ) in vitro was examined. Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells were incubated with gold sodium thiomalate (25 μg/ml) for 96 hours. As a result, MΦ developed electron dense precipitates within phagolysosomes, as well as marked dilatation of these organelles. Gold incubation also altered a number of MΦ functions. While viability and adherence were unaffected, the capacity to spread on surfaces was diminished. Pinocytosis of soluble proteins and phagocytosis of opsonized sheep erythrocytes were impaired, but Fc mediated particle binding was not. These data indicate that gold can alter certain functional activities of MΦ and support the idea that the major action of gold in rheumatoid arthritis results from its capacity to alter MΦ function.
Collagen types synthesized in dermal fibroblast cultures from patients with early progressive systemic sclerosis
Authors: Gay Renate E. , Buckingham Robert B. , Prince Robert K. , Gay Steffen , Rodnan Gerald P. , Miller Edward J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFibroblast cultures were established by explant culture from upper and lower dermis of 7 normal donors and 10 patients with early progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS). Antibodies against collagens containing the A and B chains, collagens which occur largely in vascular structures, were isolated and used for immunofluorescence studies. Cultures from lower PSS dermis accumulated significantly more of these collagens than fibroblast cultures from upper PSS dermis or cultures from upper or lower dermis of normal skin. These data indicate that the collagens containing the A and B chains in early PSS lesions are produced by cells of vascular origin and support the concept that alterations in vascular tissue play a prominent role in the pathogenesis of PSS.
In vitro synthesis of tissue‐specific type ii collagen by healing cartilage
Authors: Cheung Herman S. , Lynch Kenneth L. , Johnson Roger P. , Brewer Bruce J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe healing of surgically induced defects in mature rabbits' hyaline cartilage was examined histologically and biochemically. The subchondral bone underneath the lesion was the source of repair. At the end of the first month, mushroom‐shaped chondroid buds were seen sprouting from the subchondral bone. By the tenth week, these buds fused to a cartilagenous plug filling the lesion. The repaired cartilage synthesized Type II collagen.
Left atrial myxoma presenting as a systemic vasculitis
Authors: Byrd William E. , Matthews Oliver P. , Hunt Robert E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractLeft atrial myxoma has often simulated systemic vasculitis or a connective tissue disease, but the diagnosis is usually suggested by cardiac symptoms or signs. The present case report is both unusual and instructive in that the patient presented with a painless left foot drop followed by digital vasculitis. Laboratory findings included depressed total hemolytic complement and elevated anti‐double‐stranded DNA. Despite frequent and careful observation, a heart murmur was not appreciated. Because of the unusual features and the patient's frequent military travels, the diagnosis of left atrial myxoma was not established for 8 months. This case history stresses the importance of considering the possibility of atrial myxoma in patients with heart murmurs whose symptoms, physical findings, and laboratory studies could be compatible with a systemic vasculitis.
Lymphocytotoxic antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus patients and their relatives
Authors: Messner Ronald P. , Horatius Raphael De , Ferrone Soldano 
Published: February 2007

AbstractLymphocytotoxic activity of sera from systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients and their families was inhibited by 50% or more by preincubation of target cells with Fab2 fragments of xenoantisera against β2 microglobulin or the heavy chain of the HLA‐A,B,C antigenic molecular complex. An antiHLA‐DR xenoantiserum had less blocking effect on peripheral blood mononuclear cells but was effective at blocking reactivity of these sera against cultured B lymphoid cell lines. The repertoire of specificities in family members' sera differed from each other and their respective proband with respect to their reactions with cultured lymphoid cell lines. These data indicate that lymphocytotoxic antibodies (LCA) found in most patients with SLE and some of their relatives include a subpopulation with specificity for determinants present on major histocompatibility gene products. They also suggest that LCA in relatives represent a defect in immune regulation which allows expression of existing autoimmune potentials rather than immunization with a single ‘lupus’ antigen.
Synovial pathologic changes in spontaneous canine rheumatoid‐like arthritis
Authors: Schumacher H. Ralph , Newton Charles , Halliwell Richard E. W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe synovial fluid and membrane were studied in 10 dogs meeting the American Rheumatism Association criteria for classic human rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Light microscopic pathologic features were consistent with those found in the human disease. Neutrophilic infiltration of synovium was somewhat more prominent than in chronic human RA, and activated lymphocytes in fluid or membrane were less frequent. The proliferative and plasma cell reaction seemed identical. Electron microscopy (EM) suggested microvascular injury with findings which included electron dense deposits in the vessel walls of 2 dogs. Seven dogs had meshworks of 20‐25 mm tubules in tubuloreticular structures (TRS) similar to those seen in human systemic lupus erythematosus and only occasionally in human RA. There were also crystalline arrays of tubules, a configuration previously reported in tumors and virus infections and possibly suggestive of a cellular reaction to virus infection. To date no initiating agent has been identified, but this spontaneous canine disease which is very similar to human RA can provide a valuable model in which to examine pathogenesis of chronic arthritis.
Resistance to therapy in mature palmerston north mice treated with cyclophosphamide or hydrocortisone sodium succinate
Authors: Walker Sara Ellen , Schnitzer Bertram 
Published: February 2007

AbstractInbred Palmerston North (PN) mice are a newly reconized model of systemic lupus erythematosus.In this study PN mice with established autoimmune disease were treated until death with cyclophosphamide (8 mg/kg/day) or hydrocortisone (10 mg/kg/day). These doses had previously been found to prevent or suppress disease in another lupus model, the NZB/NZW mouse. In the PN strain, autoantibodies, severity of glomerulo‐nephritis, and longevity were not influenced by treatment. Furthermore, the incidence of neoplasms was not increased in PN mice receiving prolonged therapy with immunosuppressive drugs. Unlike NZB/NZW mice, PN mice were resistant to the effects of cyclophomide and hydrocortisone.
Elevated levels of collagenase and prostaglandin e2 from synovium associated with chronic lyme arthritis
Authors: Steere Allen C. , Brinckerhoff Constance E. , Miller Denis J. , Drinker Henry , Harris Edward D. , Malawista Stephen E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA patient with chronic Lyme arthritis and roentgenographic evidence of bony erosion underwent a synovectomy; proliferative synovium (pannus), containing aggreagates of small lymphocytes, was found adherent to eroded cartilage and bone. During 8 days in tissue culture, the synovial cells produced large amounts of collagenase and prostaglandin E2, but only low levels of both neurtral and acid proteinases. Sixty‐seven percent of the lymphocytes from the synovium were T cells; 19% were B cells. Attempts to identify agent/antigen in the synovial cells were unsuccessful. Thus, the synovium of this patient, whose disease appears to be tick‐transmitted, resembles that of rheumatoid arthritis. This finding further supports the hypothesis that many possible agents, including infectious ones, trigger a common pathway in synovium, which leads to joint destruction.
Immune complexes in sjögren's syndrome
Authors: Fischbach Michael , Char Devron , Christensen Mary , Daniels Troy , Whaley Keith , Alspaugh Margaret , Talal Norman 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSera from 48 patients with Sjögren's syndrome were examined for immune complexes by the Raji cell assay. There was no correlation between levels of immune complexes and the degree of lymphocytic infiltration of the labial salivary glands. Serum complement levels were normal. Five patients were serially followed during the development of pseudolymphoma or malignant lymphoma. Immune complex levels in 4 of the 5 patients were generally unchanged throughout the illness and did not parallel disease activity, rheumatoid factor, or SS‐A and SS‐B concentrations. Possible roles for immune complexes in Sjögren's syndrome are discussed.
Platelet‐activating activity in synovial fluids of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, gout, and noninflammatory arthropathies
Authors: Shapleigh Christine , Valone Frank H. , Schur Peter H. , Goetzl Edward J. , Austen K. Frank 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe predominant activating activity in rheumatoid synovial fluid for human platelets, as assessed by the release of 11C serotonin, was previously isolated and shown to be a complex of IgG of molecular weight 450,000. Thus, a pooled 5 ml concentrate of the 450,000 molecular weight fraction obtained by Sepharose 66 gel filtration of 1 ml of synovial fluid was used to compare the platelet‐activating activity (PAA) of fluids from 28 patients with inflammatory and noninflammatory ar‐thropathies. One unit of PAA was arbitrarily defined as that volume of the 5 ml concentrate required to obtain release equal to that obtained with a standard dose of thrombin, and total units per milliliter of synovial fluid were calculated as the reciprocal of the volume of concentrate in milliliters containing one unit multiplied by five. A platelet‐activating activity of >766 units/ml of synovial fluid was arbitrarily defined as elevated, since this value represents two standard deviations above the mean for the noninflammatory synovial fluids. Each of 7 noninflammatory fluids (range <50 to 695) and 3 of 4 gouty fluids (range <50 to 1,250) fell within the normal range, whereas 9 of 13 adult rheumatoid fluids (range <50 to 11,880), and 4 of 4 JRA fluids (range 1,299 to 5,100) had elevated levels of PAA per ml of synovial fluid. The finding that the purified synovial fluid 450,000 molecular weight complex of IgG was inhibited in its platelet‐activating capacity by purified monoclonal rheumatoid factor suggests that a role for IgM rheumatoid factor could be to block IgG complex Fc receptor‐dependent proinflammatory effects on platelets, and perhaps other cells.
Chronic arthritis of rabbits induced by mycoplasmas II.antibody response and the deposition of immune complexes
Authors: Washburn Leigh Rice , Cole Barry C. , Ward John R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractChronic mycoplasma‐induced arthritis of rabbits was accompanied by a highly active humoral immune response. Peak antibody liters coincided with the “disappearance” of mycoplasmas from joint tissues at 7 weeks. High synovial fluid antibody liters and immuno‐globulin‐producing cells in frozen sections of synovial membrane suggested local antibody production. Persistence of granular deposits containing IgG and complement in synovium and cartilage may be a mechanism for continuing inflammation in the apparent absence of cultivable mycoplasmas.
Efficient induction of collagen arthritis by the use of a synthetic muramyl dipeptide
Authors: Koga Toshitaka , Sakamoto Shigeru , Onoue Kauro , Kotani Shozo , Sumiyoshi Akinobu 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe developed an efficient method for production of experimental polyarthritis. Native collagen (type II) from human costal cartilage was emulsified with incomplete Freund's adjuvant (IFA) containing the synthetic adjuvant N‐acetylmuramyl‐L‐alanyl‐D‐isoglutamine (MDP), and injected into one hind footpad of the PVG/c rat. This method reproducibly induced severe arthritis with high incidence, whereas the collagen alone in IFA produced mild arthritis with low incidence. MDP alone in IFA was shown to be minimally arthritogenic under identical conditions.
Circulating immune complexes in giant cell arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatica
Authors: Papaioannou Christos C. , Gupta Ramesh C. , Hunder Gene G. , Mcduffie Frederic C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSera from 74 patients with polymyalgia rheumatica or giant cell arteritis or both were tested for immune complexes by using the Raji cell radioimmunoassay. Levels in patients with active disease were higher than in patients whose disease had become inactive. There was no difference in levels of immune complexlike materials between patients with polymyalgia rheumatica alone and those with giant cell arteritis. Density gradient analysis of one serum showed immune complex‐like materials mainly in the 19S region. Immune complexes may be important in the pathogenesis of these conditions.
The action of the main therapeutic regimes on paget's disease of bone, with a note on the effect of vitamin d deficiency
Authors: Nagant Deuxchaisnes C. De , Maldague B. , Malghem J. , Devogelaer J. P. , Huaux J. P. , Rombouts‐Lindemans C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe effect of vitamin D deficiency was studied in 3 patients with Paget's disease of bone. The biochemical parameters of bone turnover strikingly increased, while the pagetic bone became radiolucent. This occurred whether the nonpagetic bones were osteomalacic or not. All the observed changes were reversed upon correction of the deficiency. The effects of mithramycin and calcitonin on the biochemical parameters of bone turnover were compared sequentially in three cases. No treatment proved definitely superior in this regard. The effectiveness of calcitonin to induce a positive focal bone balance in osteolytic Paget's disease was studied radiologically and compared to the effects of the diphosphonate EHDP, and to the combined therapy of EHDP and calcitonin. Calcitonin showed a constructive action in 100% of the cases. EHDP, administered at low dosages (7.0 mg/kg/24 hr during a period of 7.4 months) did not demonstrate a uniformly constructive action in any patient. Radiolucent lesions appeared in 56%, “dissociated” effects (both a constructive and a destructive action) were seen in 33%, and no effect in 11% of the cases. Combined therapy was intermediate in its action between calcitonin and EHDP. After discontinuation of combined therapy, an EHDP‐like effect was often apparent.
19S IgM forssman‐type heterophhile antibodies in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Moore Terry L. , Dorner Robert W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFifty‐four sera from children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) were separated by gel filtration at pH 4.05. The serum and IgM and IgG‐containing fractions were analyzed for heterophile antibodies by subjecting them to a hemolytic assay in tubes with the target cell a 1% washed sheep erythrocyte (SRBC) or beef erythrocyte (BRBC) in suspension. Thirty‐three of 54 sera showed hemolytic antibody titers >1:640 against SRBC alone and 4 of 54 had titers >1:320 against SRBC and BRBC. All positive titers against SRBC and BRBC were associated with the IgM fraction. Differential absorption with SRBC, BRBC, and tissue sediment of homogenized guinea pig kidney revealed a Forssman specificity in 33 sera and Forssman and Hanganutziu‐Deicher specificity in 4. The presence of heterophile antibodies in JRA correlated with the presence of hidden rheumatoid factor. There was also an increased incidence in patients with positive antinuclear antibodies and in teenaged females with polyarticular disease.
Anti‐tetanus toxoid antibody synthesis after booster immunization in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Nies Kenneth , Boyer Richard , Stevens Ronald , Louie James 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe in vivo and in vitro synthesis of anti‐tetanus toxoid antibody (anti‐tet) was measured after booster immunization with tetanus toxoid in 9 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and 9 controls. In vitro culture of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from both patients and controls showed maximal antitet synthesis 7 days after booster immunization, and maximal serum titers occurred by day 14. The initial in vitro burst of anti‐tet synthesis was not dependent upon pokeweed mitogen (PWM) stimulation, whereas later synthesis was PWM dependent. Two differences between patients and controls were observed:1) patients with SLE had a lower mean pre‐boost serum titer of anti‐tet, and 2) one‐third of the patients showed a blunted serum anti‐tet response. To study whether these abnormalities were a result of altered immune regulation, anti‐tet synthesis was measured by the coculture of separated SLE‐B or control‐B cells and separated SLE‐T or control‐T or control‐T cell populations (± irradiation to remove suppressor T cell activity). These coculture studies showed that both abnormalities were due to a lack of SLE‐B cell response, not to abnormalities of SLE‐helper T or SLE‐ suppressor T cell function.
Total lymphoid and local joint irradiation in the treatment of adjuvant arthritis
Authors: Schurman David J , Paul Hirshman H , Strober Samuel 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTotal lymphoid irradiation (TLI) with 3,400 rads delivered in 17 divided doses, 600 rads at local paw irradiation in 3 divided doses, or both TLI and local irradiation were used to treat Lewis rats with adjuvant arthritis. Either TLI alone or local paw irradiation modestly reduced the severity of arthritis compared to a control group (P < 0.05). TLI treated animals had more initial suppression of inflammation. Adjuvant rats treated with a combination of both TLI and local paw irradiation had a profound and long lasting reduction in inflammation and permanent arthritis (P < 0.001).
Ineffectiveness of levamisole in systemic lupus erythematosus. a controlled trial
Authors: Hadidi Tahsin , Decker John L , El‐Nagdy Lene , Samy Mahmoud 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwenty‐six patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus partially controlled by prednisone 30 mg daily or less were randomly selected to receive levamisole 150 mg weekly or placebo. Many patients showed increased disease activity over the 6‐month trial period, and most required increased steroid dosage. Those on levamisole did no better than those on placebo.