bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vasculogenic mimicry triggers early recidivation and resistance to adjuvant therapy in esophageal cancer
Authors: Chen Jue , Wang Yu , Wu Meng-Ke , Yu Ke-Ke , Liu Jun-Chi , Chang Jia-Yu 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the impact of vasculogenic mimicry (VM) and postoperative adjuvant therapy on the prognosis and survival of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), as well as to assess whether VM affects the clinical benefit of postoperative adjuvant therapy.
Methods: A single-center retrospective analysis was conducted on patients who underwent radical surgery for squamous esophageal cancer, documented in the medical record system. The presence or absence of VM in surgical specimens was determined using double staining with PAS/CD31. Stratification was applied based on adjuvant therapy and VM status. Survival curves and COX modelling were used to analyze the impact of the presence or absence of VM on the benefit of adjuvant therapy and survival prognosis of patients.
Results: VM-positive patients were more prone to postoperative recurrence and metastasis. VM was identified as an independent risk factor for progression-free survival (p<0.001, 95% CI:1.809-3.852) and overall survival (p<0.001, 95% CI:1.603-2.786) in postoperative squamous esophageal cancer. Postoperative adjuvant therapy significantly prolonged progression-free survival (p=0.008) and overall survival time (p<0.001) in patients with stage II and III esophageal cancer, with concurrent chemoradiotherapy being the most effective. However, the presence of VM significantly reduced the benefit of postoperative adjuvant therapy (p＝0.152).
Conclusion: VM negatively impacts the prognosis of postoperative ESCC patients and reduces the efficacy of postoperative adjuvant therapy.
Geoinference of Author Affiliations using NLP-based Text Classification
Authors: Lee Brian , Brownstein John S. , Kohane Isaac S. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Author affiliations are essential in bibliometric studies, requiring relevant information extraction from free-text affiliations. Precisely determining an author's location from their affiliation is crucial for understanding research networks, collaborations, and geographic distribution. Existing geoparsing tools using regular expressions have limitations due to unstructured and ambiguous affiliations, resulting in erroneous location identification, especially for unconventional variations or misspellings. Moreover, their inefficient handling of big datasets hampers large-scale bibliometric studies. Though machine learning-based geoparsers exist, they depend on explicit location information, creating challenges when detailed geographic data is absent. To address these issues, we developed and evaluated a natural language processing model to predict the city, state, and country from an author's free-text affiliation. Our model automates location inference, overcoming drawbacks of existing methods. Trained and tested with MapAffil, a publicly available geoparsed dataset of PubMed affiliations up to 2018, our model accurately retrieves high-resolution locations, even without explicit mentions of a city, state, or even country. Leveraging NLP techniques and the LinearSVC algorithm, our machine learning model achieves superior accuracy based on several validation datasets. This research demonstrates a practical application of text classification for inferring specific geographical locations from free-text affiliations, benefiting researchers and institutions in analyzing research output distribution.
A simplified automated approach for a preliminary safetyassessment of distributed electric and hybrid propulsionsystems
Authors: Albrecht Alexander , Siegel Joachim , Strohmayer Andreas 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The environmental impact of disruptive aircraft and propulsion system architectures are investigated in many studies. Different energy generation and storage paths, in conjunction with the distributed propulsion systems are evaluated. The complexity of those hybrid powertrains increases significantly. As, the safety impact on aircraft level is not always obvious it has to be analyzed already in a preliminary design stage. Within this work a method shall be introduced that allows a simplified automated safety assessment of any powertrain architecture. All combinations of single and multiple failures are identified and a combined failure rate is derived. As the suitability of a component failure rate is suitable depends on the analysis of its intended function.
Therefore, the component failure impact has to be evaluated on aircraft level. A selection of metrics for top-level-aircraft functions, as introduced by Jézégou is used to implement an impact driven analysis for each relevant failure case. The impact on aircraft level is calculated using handbook methods. The metrics used assess the adverse effects on climb performance, lateral controllability and range degradation. For all failure combinations these effects can be validated against requirements imposed on the configuration. The configurations used for the assessment exemplarily were developed within the GNOSIS project. Results show the necessity for a reevaluation of either the architecture or the component failure rate. The method allows an early detection of configuration specific shortcomings of complex hybrid powertrain architectures, for the chosen metrics, already in a preliminary aircraft design stage.
The Impact of Aid for Trade on Income Inequality: The Case of Upper-Middle-Income Countries
Authors: Arı Ayşe , Lauridsen Jørgen T. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

AfT (Aid for Trade) in developing and less developed countries can help reduce income inequality while promoting exports. The present study analyses the effect of AfT on income inequality for 10 upper-middle-income countries using the Pesaran (2006) Common Correlated Effect estimator for 2003–2018. Total AfT had no significant impact on income inequality. Regarding specific AfT components, AfT inflows to develop infrastructure had no significant effect on income inequality. However, AfT funds for developing productive capacity significantly reduced income inequality. This suggests that directing AfT funds to increase production in sectors like agriculture, industry, fishing, and tourism can also make the income distribution more equitable in upper-middle-income developing countries. Finally, the relationship between per capita income and income inequality supported the Kuznets’ inverted U hypothesis.
JEL Codes: O10, F35, P45
Diagnostic Performance and Potential Molecular Mechanisms of IGF-1-related genes in Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Wang Zehui , Shi Hongtao , Xue Honghong , Zhao Jingjing , Han Qinghua 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Backgrounds Myocardial infarction (MI) is ischemic necrosis of the myocardium due to the formation of plaque on the inner walls of the arteries. Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) plays a prominent role in maintaining cardiac homeostasis. Investigating the molecular mechanism of the genes associated with IGF-1 in MI and the identification of diagnostic markers and therapeutic drugs could assist in treating MI.
Methods Two datasets in Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), GSE66360 and GSE60993, were subjected into this study. Primarily, the candidate genes were analyzed by differential expression analysis and Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA). The machine learning algorithms were used to select hub genes from candidate genes. In addition, the signaling pathway of hub genes were explored by Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). The databases Diana-microT, miRNet, StarBase, and GeneMANIA were used to predict miRNAs, lncRNAs, transcription factors (TFs) and related genes, respectively. Eventually, the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD) was analyzed to investigate the relationship between hub genes and MI. Small-molecule drugs prediction through the utilization of the Drug-Gene Interaction Database (DGIdb).
Results 5 hub genes associated with IGF-1 (ALDH2, NLRP3, CLEC4E, ACSL1, FCER1G) have been discovered in MI. These genes exhibited promising diagnostic potential and were implicated in the occurrence of MI. The regulatory network disclosed that ACSL1 predicted 7 miRNAs, 372 lncRNAs and 1 TF. Furthermore, 14 small-molecule drugs targeting hub genes were predicted.
Conclusion Integrating bioinformatics approaches, we found 5 hub genes with diagnostic efficacy for MI. Moreover, the study discovered signaling pathways connected to MI, offering novel perspectives on the molecular causes of MI. Additionally, drugs targeting hub genes were predicted, which also able to supply new treatment options for MI in clinical settings.
Unveiling the Mechanism of Action of Isoliquiritigenin in Suppressing Co- Expression of HER2 and HER3 in Breast Cancer: Implications for Clinical Application
Authors: Hu Jiejie , Liu Siyuan , Qin Chengdong , Hu Lihong , Xin Wenxiu , Jiang Chuner , Yu Yang. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background: The simultaneous expression of HER-2 and HER-3 is a crucial characteristic of HER-2-positive breast cancer, which is strongly associated with a negative prognosis. Extensive research has consistently shown the immunomodulatory, anti-tumor, and antiproliferative properties of ISL.
Purpose：This study aims to assess the impact of ISL on the biological behavior of HER-2-positive breast cancer cells, while concurrently elucidating the underlying mechanisms.
Study design and Methods: Cell proliferation and clonal formation capacity were evaluated through the utilization of CCK-8 and clone formation experiments, respectively, subsequent to drug intervention. The TUNEL assay was employed to detect cell apoptosis following treatment with ISL. The effects of ISL on cell invasion and migration were examined using scratch healing and TRANSWELL assays. The impact of drugs on tumorigenesis was investigated through the implementation of the subcutaneous tumor formation model of nude mice fat pad. Alterations in the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway of cells and tumor tissue were analyzed through Western blotting analysis.
Results: The results of our study indicate that ISL exerts a significant inhibitory effect on tumor proliferation, clone formation, invasion, and promotes apoptosis when tested in vitro. Moreover, our in vivo experiments have provided further evidence supporting its ability to inhibit tumor cell growth. This observed effect can be attributed to the downregulation of ErbB3 expression, which is regulated by the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway.
Conclusion: Through our comprehensive research efforts have revealed the intricate mechanism by which ISL effectively suppresses the co-overexpression of HER2 and HER3-positive breast cancer. By introducing innovative concepts and methodologies, our research has established laid a theoretical ground work for the transformative clinical application and utilization of ISL in the treatment of HER-2 and HER3 co-positive breast cancer.
Hypophysitis and central nervous system involvement in association with Sjögren’s syndrome along with hypoparathyroidism: a case report
Authors: Yum Jungyon , Lee Sang-Won , Rhee Yumie , Heo Kyoung 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background Patients with autoimmune diseases can develop multiple autoimmune diseases over a long period of time, and the presence of more than one autoimmune disease in a single patient is defined as polyautoimmunity. Polyautoimmunity may be clinical evidence that autoimmune diseases share similar immunological mechanisms. We report a 30-year-old woman with a unique combination of autoimmune diseases predominantly affecting the central nervous system, with hypoparathyroidism, hypophysitis, medulla involvement, and pons and temporal lobe involvement associated with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS), occurring independently over a long period.
Case presentation The patient who had a history of muscle cramps and one seizure incident, presented with vomiting and blurred vision. She was diagnosed with hypophysitis and hypoparathyroidism with calcifications in the basal ganglia and cerebellum. She recovered after four months of corticosteroid treatment for hypophysitis and was started on treatment for hypoparathyroidism. Eight months later, she developed vomiting, hiccups, vertigo, and ataxia with a focal lesion in the medulla. She recovered with immunosuppressive treatment for 2 years. Fifty-eight months after the onset of hypophysitis, she developed diplopia and dry mouth and eyes. MRI showed infiltrative lesions in the left pons and left temporal lobe. Based on positive anti-Sjögren's syndrome-related antigen A antibodies and low unstimulated whole salivary flow rate, pSS was diagnosed. She received corticosteroids and continued mycophenolate mofetil treatment with recovery of neurological symptoms.
Conclusion This case highlights the need for long-term follow-up to detect autoimmune disease processes involving various organs.
The relationship between metabolic syndrome components and prostate cancer risk : a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Shen Chaodong , Zhu Zhirong , Zhang Xiaolong , Fang Mengjie , Chen Jiajian , Shao Feng , Sun Fangfang , Tang Guiliang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Numerous epidemiological studies have explored the association between the components of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and risk of prostate cancer (PCa). However, to date, the findings have yielded inconclusive results. This study aimed to evaluate the causal effects of MetS components, including obesity, disturbances in glucose metabolism, and hypertension, on the development of PCa.
Methods
Data for type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), obesity, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, hypertension, and PCa were acquired from genome-wide association studies in FinnGen, UK Biobank, and the Prostate Cancer Association Group to Investigate Cancer Associated Alterations in the Genome consortium. We used two-sample univariate and multivariate Mendelian randomization (MR) to estimate the causal relationships between MetS components and PCa risk. Sensitivity analyses were employed to assess the violation of the MR assumptions.
Results
No evidence of an association between genetically predicted concentrations of T1DM, T2DM, hypertension, obesity, and BMI and PCa risk was found in our study. Waist circumference concentration was negatively associated with PCa risk in the univariate analysis; however, this association disappeared after adjustment for BMI. Genetic variants associated with waist circumference were found to be correlated with decreased PCa risk when BMI was reintroduced into the univariate MR analysis.
Conclusion
We observed that among the MetS components, genetically predicted waist circumference was associated with decreased PCa risk, whereas no association was observed between BMI and PCa risk. This may be related to the distribution characteristics of fat throughout the body and warrants further investigation.
The causal relationship between cathepsins and hepatocellular carcinoma risk: A Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Yang Lishi , Mao Fengyao , Li Yuhan , Lin Mingjia , Sun Fuhua 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Abnormal expression of cathepsins has been reported in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the evidence about the causal role of cathepsins in facilitating or preventing HCC is lacking. Systematically studying the causality between cathepsins and HCC would help provide novel targets for screening and prevention of HCC.
Methods
We conducted twosample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses. The data of cathepsins and HCC for analysis were derived from publicly available genetic summary data. The causal effects were estimated with inverse variance weighted, MR-Egger and weighted median. Sensitivity analyses were implemented with Cochran's Q test, MR-Egger intercept test, MR-PRESSO and leave-one-out analysis.
Results
The results of univariate MR analysis show that elevated cathepsin S levels increase the risk of HCC. On the other hand, reverse MR analyses indicate that HCC may raise cathepsin Z levels. According to the results of multivariable analysis using nine cathepsin variables, an increased risk of HCC is associated with elevated levels of cathepsin S.
Conclusion
The evidence that cathepsin S is associated with HCC in a causal way provides a novel insight into the underlying mechanisms of HCC by integrating genomics with cathepsins, and has an implication for HCC screening and prevention.
Prevalence of Cervical Spondylosis and Its Associated Factors Among Symptomatic Adult Patients Attending Tertiary Hospital Ethiopia 2023
Authors: Abduljewad Beyan , Mulu Abay , Ayele Biniyam , Mamushet Yared 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: Cervical spondylosis (CS) is a comprehensive term that describes age-related chronic muscles or bones diseases, which results in neck pain, tingling in arms and possible myelopathic associated paralysis.
Objective: The Aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of CS and its associated factors among symptomatic adult patients.
Materials and Methods: The study was a retrospective hospital based conducted at Tikur Anbessa specialized hospital, between May to December 2022 on Cervical spondylosis (CS) patients. The source population was, all spondylosis patients. The study population was all CS patients having completed clinical and imaging data from January 2020 to January 2022. Patients with incomplete data, acute trauma to the neck, congenital, neoplastic, idiopathic, circulatory, and metabolic were excluded from study.
Result: During the study period, 2176 Spondylosis were diagnosed. Of these, medical records of 339 cases were taken. Among these, 189(55.8%) female and 150 (44.2%) were males. The mean age of patients was 54.9 years, with SD of 10.044. Among all spondylosis, the prevalence of cervical spondylosis was 97(28.6%) which is the second most common next to lumbar spondylosis 199(58.7%). 40(11.8%) were having both cervical and lumbar spondylosis and 3(0.9%) was having thoracic spondylosis. The female was higher than male with a (AOR = 2.959, CI= 1.445- 6.060, p=.003), and age group 40-59 years higher as compared to below 40 and above 60 years with a (AOR=2.011, CI=1.164 -6.240, p=.000). Current smokers were higher with a (AOR =2.02, CI=1.843-11.0242, p=.008) and current alcohol user also higher with a (AOR= 2.83, CI=1.520-10.974, p=0.000).
Conclusion: The prevalence of cervical spondylosis (CS) was high compared to the reported literatures on cervical spondylosis. The risk of CS increases with age in both sexes, and females were more affected by cervical spondylosis.
Cognitive impairment following maternal separation in the rat is regulated by effects of the NAD + /SIRT3 axis on hippocampal synaptic plasticity
Authors: Hao Keke , Chen Fashuai , Xu Shilin , Xiong Ying , Xu Rui , Huang Huan , Shu Chang , Lv Yisheng , Wang Gaohua , Wang Huiling 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Maternal separation during early life can induce behaviors in adult animals that resemble those seen in schizophrenia, manifesting cognitive deficits. This may be indicative of oxidative stress linked to mitochondrial dysfunction. However, there is limited understanding of the molecular mechanisms regulating mitochondria in neural circuits that govern cognitive impairment relevant to schizophrenia, and their impact on neuronal structure and function. A 24-hour maternal separation (MS) rat model was utilized to simulate features associated with schizophrenia. Schizophrenia-associated behaviors and cognitive impairment were assessed using the open field test, pre-pulse inhibition, novel object recognition test, and Barnes maze test. The levels of mitochondrial proteins were measured using Western blot analysis. Additionally, alterations in mitochondrial morphology, reduced hippocampal neuronal spine density, and impaired LTP in the CA1 region were observed. Nicotinamide (NAM) supplementation, administration of honokiol (HNK) (a SIRT3 activator), or overexpression of SIRT3 could inhibit this process. Conversely, administration of 3-TYP (a SIRT3 inhibitor) in control and NAM-treated MS rats led to deficits in behavior, mitochondrial morphology, and the hippocampal neuronal phenotype. Our findings suggested a causal role for the NAD+/SIRT3 axis in modulating cognitive behaviors via effects on hippocampal neuronal synaptic plasticity. The NAD+/SIRT3 axis could be considered a promising therapeutic target for addressing cognitive-related behavioral disturbances, such as those seen in schizophrenia.
New Algorithm with less Coherence for Generating Uplink Complex Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access Spreading Codes and Reduce Program Execution Time
Authors: Banob A. F. , Zaki F. W. , M.ASHOUR MOHAMMED 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA)-assisted 5G wireless communication networks in uplink and downlink transmissions can provide high demands of low latency, high data rate, massive connectivity, and high access speed without compromising security. Algorithms to produce minimal coherence (cross-correlation) codebooks are desired in various applications. The authors built an algorithm capable of generating complex NOMA spreading codes based on the equiangular tight frame (ETF) method. Execution time is one of the computer sciences terms that refer to the various stages of running software programs and determining the performance of programs. The created algorithm was reasonably fast to find enough NOMA spreading codes that have the minimum cross-correlation. It modified the initial value with the algorithm to reduce the execution time and generate complex value-spreading codes. This algorithm achieved the optimal cross-correlation for multiple access and implemented the lowest running time compared to the "best complex antipodal spherical code" (BCASC) method, the "approximate nearest neighbors’ best complex antipodal spherical code" (ANN BCASC) method, the method of constructing packing in Grassmannian manifolds via alternating projection, the method of constructing packing in Grassmannian manifolds via sequential smooth optimization, the "coherence-based Grassmannian codebook" (CBGC) method, the “Grassmannian package” method, the “original best complex antipodal spherical code" (ORIG-BCASC) method, and the "Grassmannian package" method. The algorithm achieved optimal coherence (maximum cross-correlation) for matrix dimension (m, n), where m, n denotes the size of the collection set of vectors in the frame. The optimal coherence (maximum cross-correlation) is 0.4472 for (3, 6), 0.4714 for (3, 7), 0.3536 for (4, 7), 0.3780 for (4, 8), 0.4472 for (4, 16), 0.3333 for (5, 10), 0.3464 for (5, 11), 0.4082 for (5, 25), 0.2500 for (6, 9), 0.2887 for (6, 11), 0.3015 for (6, 12), and 0.3333 for (7, 28) with an enhancement the parameters number of iterations and tolerance value in time less than one second. Moreover, superior to the “Grassmannian package” method in execution time, the execution time for the BCASC, CBGC, and ORIG-BCASC methods was more than one second. The simulations verified the uplink spectral efficiency and total capacity rate after applying the spreading codes generated from the suggested algorithm. In conclusion, the proposed algorithm creates complex matrices that achieve minimal coherence (maximum cross-correlation) at the least running time.