bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TIA Design for FMCW LiDAR Systems
Authors: Chegeni Amin , Sturm Johannes 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis paper presents a design methodology for a transimpedance amplifier (TIA) that emphasizes enhanced power supply rejection ratio (PSRR), specifically tailored for long‐distance frequency‐modulated continuous‐wave (FMCW) LiDAR systems. In these advanced systems, when critical components such as the transmitter, receiver, and optical phase shifters are integrated into a system‐on‐chip (SoC), the power supply is subject to significant fluctuations. These fluctuations primarily result from the high current switching activities inherent in these components. Given the extremely weak amplitude of the received optical signals, it is imperative that the TIA, serving as the initial stage of signal amplification, possesses a robust ability to reject variations in the power supply to maintain signal integrity. Another critical challenge in TIA design is the rejection of input DC current. Typically, the AC current signal, which carries the desired distance information, is accompanied by a substantial DC current. If left unaddressed, this DC component can saturate the TIA, thereby preventing the accurate amplification of the AC signal. To overcome this, the proposed TIA incorporates a mechanism specifically designed to reject the DC current, ensuring that the amplifier operates within its optimal range and effectively processes the weak AC signal. The proposed TIA architecture not only addresses the DC current rejection but also significantly improves the PSRR, making it highly suitable for the stringent demands of integrated LiDAR systems. Furthermore, the versatility of the proposed TIA design allows it to be applied in other systems that encounter similar challenges with power supply variations and input DC current interference. Detailed post layout simulations conducted using the 0.25‐μm IHP standard CMOS process demonstrate that the proposed TIA achieves a substantial improvement in PSRR, with a 30‐dB enhancement compared with conventional TIA designs. This performance is maintained even in the presence of input DC current, underscoring the efficacy of the proposed design in real‐world applications. The results indicate that the proposed TIA design is a robust and efficient solution for SoC‐based FMCW LiDAR systems and other applications requiring high sensitivity and resilience to power supply disturbances.
Side‐by‐side versus stent‐in‐stent technique for stent deployment during systemic chemotherapy in biliary tract cancer patients with malignant hilar biliary obstruction
Authors: Imamura Shunsuke , Watanabe Kazuo , Inoue Kanae , Taira Tomonao , Shibuki Taro , Satake Tomoyuki , Yamaguchi Shota , Sasaki Mitsuhito , Imaoka Hiroshi , Mitsunaga Shuichi , Ikeda Masafumi 
Published: February 2025

AbstractObjectivesWith the improved prognosis of patients with biliary tract cancer (BTC) owing to advances in chemotherapy, long‐term stent patency has become an important goal in patients undergoing biliary stent placement. We compared the duration of stent patency between unresectable BTC patients undergoing multi‐stenting for malignant hilar biliary obstruction by the side‐by‐side (SBS) and stent‐in‐stent (SIS) techniques during systemic chemotherapy.MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated the data of 62 unresectable BTC patients who underwent multi‐stenting before the first or second cycle of first‐line chemotherapy. Stent deployment was performed by the SBS technique in 40 patients (SBS group) and by the SIS technique in 22 patients (SIS group).ResultsThe median time‐to‐recurrent biliary obstruction was 147 days in the SBS group and 252 days in the SIS (p = 0.029), being longer in the SIS group. The rates of development of early adverse events were 28% and 9% (p = 0.09) and the rates of development of late adverse events were 26% and 14% in the SBS and SIS groups (p = 0.27). The median overall survival was 480 days in the SBS group and 563 days in the SIS group (p = 0.92).ConclusionThe duration of stent patency was shorter in the SBS group than in the SIS group; thus, the SIS technique is preferable to the SBS technique for biliary stent deployment in unresectable BTC patients during systemic chemotherapy.
Terrestrial wildlife shows limited response in spatiotemporal activity to logging
Authors: Wong Seth Timothy , Guharajan Roshan , Petrus Azrie , Jubili Jaffly , Kissing Johnny , Lagan Peter , Ong Robert , Wilting Andreas , Sollmann Rahel 
Published: February 2025

AbstractWhile habitat loss and hunting remain the major drivers of biodiversity declines, sublethal disturbances, such as human presence, recreation, and noise also impact wildlife. In response, wildlife often adjust their spatiotemporal behaviors. This study assesses how terrestrial wildlife responds to sublethal disturbances associated with sustainable logging activities. Using camera traps, we conducted a 2‐year continuous survey of two logging compartments within an active, sustainably logged forest reserve in central Sabah, Malaysian Borneo. The survey encompassed periods before, during, and after logging activities, and we obtained daily felling data. Using generalized linear mixed models, we assessed the impact of logging on the spatiotemporal activity of 10 terrestrial mammal and galliform species, considering spatial factors like logging intensity and distance from logging activity, and temporal factors such as days since logging. Four species had a significant and strong response to logging intensity, with varied directions of effect. Only for one species, the response to logging intensity was mediated by time since logging. Though only descriptive, we found no evidence of diel activity shifts, and, for all other species detected during our survey, general patterns in the number of records across each logging period were mixed. Our results highlight the variable and species‐specific responses to logging activity. At a local scale, many species exhibit resilience in their spatiotemporal activity patterns, but for affected species, the effects of logging appear to linger over time. The overall limited response could be due to the relatively low disturbance nature of reduced‐impact logging.
Real‐Time VCC Monitoring and Forecasting in HEK‐Cell‐Based rAAV Vector Production Using Capacitance Spectroscopy
Authors: Machleid Rafael , Nunna Suneetha , George Ajith , Austerjost Jonas , Tomala Magda , Surowiec Izabella 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTRecombinant adeno‐associated virus (rAAV) vector production is a complex process in which the robust cultivation of human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293) plays a critical role in generating high‐quality viral vectors. Tracking the viable cell concentration (VCC) during upstream production is essential for process monitoring and for implementing actions that ensure optimal process management. The advent of inline capacitance probes has introduced a crucial process analytical technology (PAT) tool for real‐time VCC measurement. Here, we present the development and application of a method for real‐time monitoring of VCC in HEK293‐based rAAV vector production. In a first step, BioPAT Viamass probes were used to record capacitance data of individual 10 L rAAV‐8 batches within a frequency range of 50 kHz–20 MHz. Based on the capacitance data, a linear single‐frequency model and an orthogonal partial least square (OPLS) multifrequency model for VCC prediction were developed. Subsequently, these models were deployed inline, and predictions were exposed into BioPAT MFCS bioprocess control software, enabling real‐time VCC monitoring in subsequent rAAV‐8 production batches. In addition, the continuous VCC signal was used as input for an exponential cell growth model that was deployed inline to provide accurate real‐time forecasting of the transfection time point. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of inline deployment of VCC and Time‐Till‐Transfection predictive models to the bioprocess control system for real‐time monitoring and forecasting of these parameters in HEK‐cell‐based transient rAAV vector production.
Environmentally friendly agar‐agar biomaterial‐based triboelectric nanogenerator for sustainable electronics
Authors: Patil Omkar A. , Ghode Sourabh B. , Patil Snehal L. , Chougale Mahesh Y. , Patil Swapnil R. , Patil Chandrashekhar S. , Bagade Amit A. , Sonkawade Aniket R. , Tiwari Arpita Pandey , Kamat Rajanish K. , Bae Jinho , Dongale Tukaram D. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractFor the development of advanced technologies, sustainable materials are getting much attention to develop self‐powered devices/battery‐free technology. Considering the need for environmental friendliness and sustainability, we have developed the agar‐agar biomaterial‐based triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) device in the present work. The triboelectric properties of the agar‐agar biomaterial have been studied and demonstrated their tribopositive behavior. Initially, different electronegative layers, such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) were tested together with agar‐agar biomaterial for TENG application. The agar‐agar/PTFE TENG device exhibited excellent output performance (open circuit voltage 656 V, current 35 μA, and instantaneous power 3307 μW (per unit area: 275.58 μW/cm2)) as compared with agar‐agar/PET and agar‐agar/PDMS TENG devices. The area and frequency‐dependent studies were carried out for agar‐agar/PTFE TENG devices. In the present case, 4 × 3 cm device size and 4 Hz frequency conditions show outstanding device performance. From the applications point of view, low‐power electronic devices (LEDs and calculator) were operated with optimized agar‐agar/PTFE TENG devices. These results suggested that the agar‐agar/PTFE device is an excellent candidate to develop sustainable energy technology.
Study on the Multi‐Field Coupling Effect and Temperature Evolution Law of Coal and Gas Outburst Incubation Process in the Fault‐Affected Area
Authors: Hao Jianfeng , Liu Han , Sun Weiji , Li Runzhi , Shi Zhanshan , Fang Shengjie , Guo Chunyu 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe multi‐field coupling relationship and temperature evolution mechanism of gas‐containing coal in areas affected by geological structures were investigated, focusing specifically on the engineering aspects of a reverse fault in the No. 3 coal seam at the Xinjing Coal Mine. An analysis was conducted to examine the thermal‐fluid‐solid coupling behavior of gas‐containing coal. A thermal‐fluid‐solid coupling model for gas‐containing coal, accounting for the effects of damage, was developed to simulate the incubation process of coal and gas outbursts within the fault zone during the advancement of the working face. The study has indicated that faults not only degrade the mechanical properties of the surrounding coal‐rock mass, but also disrupt the continuity of coal seam stress. Gas tends to accumulate near fault zones, resulting in differences in the gas pressure and content on either side of the fault, thereby substantially increasing the likelihood of coal and gas outbursts. The primary factors influencing temperature variations include deformation energy, energy from gas expansion, thermal convection, thermal conduction, and the thermal effects associated with adsorption and desorption. Among these factors, the endothermic effect associated with adsorption and desorption significantly influences the temperature fluctuations in coal. The results of this study provide a theoretical foundation for exploring the mechanisms underlying coal and gas outbursts, improving the interdisciplinary coupling theory for coal and gas systems and employing temperature metrics to predict such outbursts.
Distributed Cooperative Spectrum Optimization Method Based on Coalition Formation Game for Ocean and Traffic Iot
Authors: Li Junzhe , Wang Rong , Huo Yuan , Tian Wen 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTWith the acceleration of globalization and the advent of rapid technological development, the advancement of Ocean Internet of Things (OIoT) and Traffic Internet of Things (TIoT) communications is of particular significance. However, the existing problems are the scarcity of spectrum resources at sea, the presence of malicious jamming from external sources, and mutual interference within the system itself for OIoT and TIoT systems. It is therefore crucial to enhance spectrum utilization for maritime users and shore‐side traffic. To tackle this issue, we propose a distributed anti‐jamming cooperative spectrum decision‐making method based on a coalition formation game. Specifically, it achieves stable coalition grouping by optimizing coalition formation strategies, thereby increasing the transmission rate. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the proposed coalition formation game can reach the Nash equilibrium solution through the application of exact potential game theory. Our proposed method ensures the feasibility of spectrum optimization in dynamic environments. Compared with other coalition formation algorithms, our proposed algorithm reduces the number of iterations needed for convergence by 50%, thus guaranteeing real‐time system performance. Finally, the results of our simulations indicate that our strategy outperforms existing approaches in terms of total rate performance.
Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment Based on Stimuli‐Responsive Aggregation of Gold Nanoparticles
Authors: Chang Xiaowei , Wang Huaiyu , Chen Xin 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTGold nanomaterials have been used in the diagnosis and treatment of different tumors due to their unique physical and chemical properties. Among them, gold nanoparticles with stimuli‐responsive aggregation functions have attracted extensive attention because they can meet the unique needs of tumor diagnosis and treatment at different stages through structural changes. However, how to effectively modify gold nanoparticles to achieve structural transformation for specific stimuli, and the role of corresponding structural transformation in improving the effect of diagnosis and treatment still lack systematic summary. In this review, we comprehensively summarized the current strategies for inducing gold nanoparticles aggregation and its advances in tumor diagnosis and treatment.
Intermodal Consistency of Whole‐Brain Connectivity and Signal Propagation Delays
Authors: Jedynak Maciej , Troisi Lopez Emahnuel , Romano Antonella , Jirsa Viktor , David Olivier , Sorrentino Pierpaolo 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTMeasuring propagation of perturbations across the human brain and their transmission delays is critical for network neuroscience, but it is a challenging problem that still requires advancement. Here, we compare results from a recently introduced, noninvasive technique of functional delays estimation from source‐reconstructed electro/magnetoencephalography, to the corresponding findings from a large dataset of cortico‐cortical evoked potentials estimated from intracerebral stimulations of patients suffering from pharmaco‐resistant epilepsies. The two methods yield significantly similar probabilistic connectivity maps and signal propagation delays, in both cases characterized with Pearson correlations greater than 0.5 (when grouping by stimulated parcel is applied for delays). This similarity suggests a correspondence between the mechanisms underpinning the propagation of spontaneously generated scale‐free perturbations (i.e., neuronal avalanches observed in resting state activity studied using magnetoencephalography) and the spreading of cortico‐cortical evoked potentials. This manuscript provides evidence for the accuracy of the estimate of functional delays obtained noninvasively from reconstructed sources.Conversely, our findings show that estimates obtained from externally induced perturbations in patients capture physiological activities in healthy subjects. In conclusion, this manuscript constitutes a mutual validation between two modalities, broadening their scope of applicability and interpretation. Importantly, the capability to measure delays noninvasively (as per MEG) paves the way for the inclusion of functional delays in personalized large‐scale brain models as well as in diagnostic and prognostic algorithms.
Admiration and Malicious Envy Among Chinese Adolescents: Differences in Retrospection and Anticipation
Authors: Hao Haiping , Hu Qiao , Rakoro Lieketseng Joyce , Liao Wei , Huang Tingting , Lyu Houchao 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTPrevious studies have shown that anticipation induces stronger emotions than retrospection, a phenomenon known as temporal emotion asymmetry. However, prior research has been limited to Western contexts. Since Eastern populations often emphasise the past more than their Western counterparts, temporal emotion asymmetry may manifest differently. Therefore, we examined the temporal asymmetry of admiration and malicious envy among Chinese adolescents. We conducted five experiments: Actual events from a self‐perspective (Experiment 1; N = 76), hypothetical events from a self‐perspective (Experiment 2; N = 74), time travel from a self‐perspective (Experiment 3; N = 96), forced‐choice from a self‐perspective (Experiment 4; N = 94) and forced‐choice from an other‐perspective (Experiment 5; N = 164). The results showed that admiration exhibited a past bias, with retrospection eliciting stronger admiration than anticipation. In contrast, malicious envy exhibited different patterns of temporal asymmetry. When the threat of future negative events was high, malicious envy exhibited a future bias; however, as this threat weakened, it shifted toward a past bias. These findings provide insights into the boundary effects of temporal emotion asymmetry. We recommend that, when fostering admiration in Chinese adolescents, greater emphasis should be placed on guiding them to recall others' accomplishments.
Mathematics Self‐Efficacy of Brazilian High School Students: A Mixed‐Methods Approach Study
Authors: Iaochite Roberto Tadeu , da Matos Mayara Mota , da Costa Filho Roraima Alves , Azzi Roberta Gurgel , Maciel Ana Cecília de Medeiros 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis study examines the mathematics self‐efficacy of 833 high school students from four Brazilian public schools. Using an exploratory cross‐sectional design with a mixed‐methods approach, students completed online instruments including a sociodemographic questionnaire, scales measuring various self‐efficacy domains (mathematics, self‐regulated learning, social and emotional) and open‐ended questions about their perceived attributes in learning mathematics. Multiple regression analysis revealed that student characteristics and self‐efficacy domains collectively explained 47.4% of the variance in mathematics self‐efficacy. Qualitative analysis revealed the complex nature of mathematics self‐efficacy, emphasising students' perceptions of their strengths and weaknesses in learning. The study underscores the significant influence of student characteristics and self‐efficacy domains, highlighting the importance of mixed‐methods approaches for deeper insights and guiding future educational interventions.
Romantic Competence and Courtship Skills: From the First Romantic Impulse to the Management of Mutuality
Authors: Toledano Noemí , Viejo Carmen , Ortega‐Ruiz Rosario 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionWhen adolescents have their first romantic experiences and start to form couples for the first time, these are normative practices which provide them with company, support and intimacy. However, the protagonists can also find them stressful and, at times, complicated. Romantic competence (RC) consists of a set of individual and mutual skills which are used to facilitate our emotional and social lives. In this study, we aim to deepen our knowledge about how RC is used, and the patterns or profiles present in the use of these skills.Methods2,400 Spanish adolescents (47.7% girls) between the ages of 12 and 18 took part in the study. A confirmatory factor analysis divided RC into individual or mutual competences, and, using cluster analysis, established three clearly defined profiles to describe the protagonists: ineffective in procedural and mutual management skills; ineffective in procedural skills and competent in mutual management skills; and competent in procedural and mutual management skills. The main discriminating factors for defining these profiles were age and romantic experience.ResultsThe results show that older adolescents with more romantic experience perceive themselves as being more skilled in both individual and mutual competences, and that there is a progressive development of RC skills from initiating a relationship to its later stages.ConclusionOur discussion of the results hopes to shed more light on the complexity of adolescents' intimate romantic lives, as well as to illustrate the importance of this knowledge for improving educational practices and helping prevent problems such as the psychogenesis of gender‐based violence.
Macroeconomic Responses to Uncertainty Shocks: The Perils of Recursive Orderings
Authors: Kilian Lutz , Plante Michael D. , Richter Alexander W. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTA common practice in empirical macroeconomics is to examine alternative recursive orderings of the variables in structural vector autoregressive (VAR) models. When the implied impulse responses look similar, the estimates are considered trustworthy. When they do not, the estimates are used to bound the true response without directly addressing the identification challenge. A leading example of this practice is the literature on the effects of uncertainty shocks on economic activity. We prove by counterexample and show by simulation that this practice is invalid, whether the data generating process is a structural VAR model or a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model. Simulation evidence suggests that the underlying identification challenge can be addressed using an instrumental variables estimator.
A Robust and Versatile QM/MM Interface for Molecular Dynamics in GROMOS
Authors: Poliak Peter , Bleiziffer Patrick , Pultar Felix , Riniker Sereina , Oostenbrink Chris 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe integration of quantum mechanics and molecular mechanics (QM/MM) within molecular dynamics simulations is crucial to accurately model complex biochemical systems. Here, we present an enhanced implementation of the QM/MM interface in the GROMOS simulation package, introducing significant improvements in functionality and user control. We present new features, including the link atom scheme, which allows the modeling of QM regions as a part of bigger molecules. Benchmark tests on various systems, including QM water in water, amino acids in water, and tripeptides validate the reliability of the new functionalities. Performance evaluations demonstrate that the updated implementation is efficient, with the primary computational burden attributed to the QM program rather than the QM/MM interface or the MD program itself. The improved QM/MM interface enables more advanced investigations into biomolecular reactivity, enzyme catalysis, and other phenomena requiring detailed quantum mechanical treatment within classical simulations. This work represents a significant advancement in the capabilities of GROMOS, providing enhanced tools to explore complex molecular systems.