bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advances in the chemotherapy of gynecologic malignancies
Authors: Ozols Robert F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractChemotherapy is playing an ever increasing role in the treatment of patients with the common gynecologic malignancies, including ovarian, cervical cancer, and endometrial cancer. Chemotherapy has its most defined role in the treatment of patients with ovarian cancer where virtually all patients will receive cytotoxic chemotherapy. There are four major areas of research in chemotherapy in gynecologic malignancies. In retrospective studies it has been demonstrated that dose intensity is an important factor in maximizing response rates. Clinical studies are now prospectively evaluating the importance of dose intensity, particularly with the new platinum analogue carboplatin. In addition, it has been demonstrated in endometrial cancer and cervical cancer that patients with poor prognostic features such as high grade tumours and large volume disease have a low probability of cure by standard modalities such as surgery and radiation. In this group of patients combined modality approaches are being evaluated. In addition, regional therapy, either in the form of intra‐arterial therapy for patients with cervical cancer or intraperitoneal therapy for patients with ovarian cancer, is being investigated.The primary factor limiting the effectiveness of chemotherapy in gynecologic malignancies is the development of drug resistance. It has recently been demonstrated that several drugs such as taxol, ifosfamide. and hexamethylmelamine have activity in patients who have had previous treatment with platinum‐based compounds. In addition, the mechanism associated with the development of drug resistance in ovarian cancer have recently been identified. Clinical trials have been initiated with compounds such as buthionine sulfoximine in an attempt to specifically reverse resistance associated with alkylating agents and platinum compounds.
Effects of recombinant human interferon‐alpha, beta and gamma on the antiproliferative activity of cytarabine in K562 human myeloid leukemia clonogenic cells
Authors: Hassan H. T. , Tsiriyotis C. , Maurer H. R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe effects of recombinant human interferon‐alpha, beta and gamma (IFN) on the antiproliferative activity of cytarabine (ara‐C) in K562 human myeloid leukemia clonogenic cells were studied in an agar capillary microassay. The addition of IFN‐alpha did not affect the antiproliferative activity of ara‐C in K562 cultures treated with low concentrations of ara‐C: 10–50 nM, whereas in those treated with high concentrations of ara‐C: 100–500 nM, IFN‐alpha significantly reduced the antiproliferative activity of ara‐C. The addition of 3 × 104 U/ml IFN‐alpha to ara‐C‐treated K562 cultures increased the IC50 of ara‐C on day 5 from 102 to 214 nM, i.e. ara‐C + IFN‐alpha was about twofold less potent than ara‐C alone. Low concentrations of IFN‐beta and IFN‐gamma did not affect the antiproliferative activity of ara‐C on K562 colonies, but high concentrations of these two interferons reduced the antiproliferative activity of ara‐C. The addition of 4 × 103 U/ml IFN‐beta or 104 U/ml IFN‐gamma increased the IC50 of ara‐C on day 5 to 304 nM or to 316 nM, respectively, i.e. ara‐C + IFN‐beta or IFN‐gamma was about threefold less potent than ara‐C alone. The significant reduction of the desired antiproliferative activity of ara‐C by the three interferons was reproduced in liquid suspension cultures of K562 cells on day 4 in the following order: IFN‐gamma > IFN‐beta > IFN‐alpha. The present negative interactions of the three interferons with ara‐C particularly at high concentrations, may caution against the clinical use of the combination of ara‐C and interferon in the treatment of myeloid leukemia patients.
The prognostic factors for peripheral T‐cell lymphomas
Authors: Liang Raymond , Loke S. L. , Chan A. C. L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe peripheral T‐cell lymphomas of 50 patients were classified by histological type and tumour cell size, the latter as described by the Nebraska Group. There was no difference in the pattern of their clinical features among the various histological subtypes and their clinical outcome was similar. Cell size and other factors including sex, age, presence of B symptoms, sites of primary disease, histological subtypes according to the Japanese classification, lactate dehydrogenase level and presence of bulky disease did not appear to correlate with clinical outcome. However, patients with stage IV disease had significantly lower CR rate (9/29 versus 16/21, p = 0·01) and poorer survival at 3 years (p = 0·05) than those with stage I, II and III disease. Patients receiving COPP, the less intensive chemotherapy regimen, appeared to have poorer clinical outcome but the difference observed was not statistically significant because of the number of patients in each subgroup.
Angiocentric T‐cell lymphoma of the nose, paranasal sinuses and hard palate
Authors: Aviles Agustin , Rodriguez Leticia , Guzman Renaldo , Talavera Alejandra , Garcia Edna L. , Diaz‐Maqueo Jose C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSixty‐five cases of malignant lymphoma of the nose, paranasal sinuses and hard palate were retrospectively analysed to identify the presence or absence of angiocentric lesions. We observed that the 23 patients with angiocentric lesions had a worse prognosis with a shorter duration of response and also a shorter duration of survival, compared with 42 cases of malignant lymphoma of the same anatomical region but without angiocentric lesions. Patients with angiocentric lymphoma were associated with other bad prognostic factors such as elevated levels of lactic dehydrogenase and beta 2 microglobulin, local bone destruction and lymphopenia. Immunophenotyping studies showed that most patients with angiocentric lesions had T cell lymphomas (18 of 23, 78 per cent).We believe that patients with angiocentric T cell lymphomas of the nose, paranasal sinuses and hard palate represent a distinctive clinico‐pathological entity with different clinical presentation and outcome. Patients with angiocentric T cell lymphomas had frequent relapse at extranodal sites and combined therapy should be considered as the initial therapeutic approach.
Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and diabetes insipidus (DI): Further association with monosomy 7
Authors: Slater S. E. , Maccallum P. K. , Birjandi F. , Gibbons B. , Lister T. A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractDiabetes insipidus (DI) is a rare complication of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). Five of the six such cases described in the literature who had banded chromosomal studies performed had monosomy 7 and the sixth patient had del(7)(q22). A further case of AML complicated by DI in whom banded chromosomal studies revealed a complex karyotypic abnormality, including monosomy 7, is reported.The association between monosomy 7 and DI in AML appears specific but the reason for this association remains unclear.
Mitoxantrone and intermediate‐dose cytosine arabinoside for poor‐risk acute leukemias: Response to treatment and factors influencing outcome
Authors: Sierra Jorge , Grañena Albert , Bosch Francesc , Carreras Enric , Martí Josep‐Maria , Urbano‐Ispizua Alvaro , Rovira Montserrat , Rozman Ciril 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMitoxantrone (MIT, 12 mg/m2, i.v. 5 days) and intermediate‐dose cytosine arabinoside (IDAC 1 g/m2/12 h, i.v. 3 days) was given to 43 patients with poor‐risk acute leukemias (AL). Moderate or severe toxicity was infrequent. The proportion of complete remissions (CR) in the main patient categories was as follows: 15/18 (85 per cent) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in the first relapse, 2/6 in ALL in the first relapse, 0/2 in AML in relapse after bone marrow transplantation (BMT), 2/7 in AML refractory to first‐line treatment (REFAL), and 1/6 in postmyelodysplastic (PMD‐AL) plus secondary AL (S‐AL). The mortality rate during induction was 23 per cent. Median duration of CR was 24 weeks.The multivariate prognostic factor analysis on CR obtention showed that data concerning treatment for the first relapse and platelet count higher than the median of the series were favourable. On the contrary, PMD‐AL, S‐AL and REF‐AL were unfavourable situations. A percentage of marrow erythroblasts superior to the median was a favourable prognostic factor for survival. Finally, the duration of CR after MIT‐IDAC was directly related to the duration of previous CR.In conclusion, MIT‐IDAC was highly effective to attain CR in AML in the first relapse. However, due to the poor long‐term results in these patients, additional measures are recommended after CR.
Cytophagic histiocytic panniculitis: A diagnostic dilemma
Authors: Cheah Phaik‐Leng , Looi Lai‐Meng , Tan Puay‐Eng , Bosco John , Kuperan Ponnudurai 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCytophagic histiocytic panniculitis (CHP) is a recently recognized entity that frequently poses a perplexing diagnostic problem. Although the classical case presents with a relapsing fever, subcutaneous nodules, pancytopenia and liver dysfunction, most patients have in addition a multitude of other manifestations which confuse the clinical picture. Notwithstanding the variable clinical course, the disease frequently terminates in fatal hemorrhage. Diagnosis is based on histological features. A lobular panniculitis with an infiltrate of cytologically benign cytophagocytic histiocytes in skin nodules is the sine qua non of CHP. Hence, a deep skin biopsy which includes subcutaneous fat is mandatory to establish the diagnosis. Published information regarding this newly described entity remains scarce and we report two cases of CHP, one occurring in a 30‐year‐old Kadazan man and another in a 17‐year‐old Chinese woman seen at the University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur. The latter case presented with exudative ascites, an unusual feature, possibly due to intra‐abdominal panniculitis. In addition, we record the development of cirrhosis in the same patient.
Association between atl and non‐hematopoietic neoplasms
Authors: Imamura Nobutaka , Inada Tominari , Tagya Yutaka , Yodoi Junji , Kuramoto Atsushi 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA high incidence of multiple primary neoplasms has been observed in our patients with ATL in comparison to persons with other forms of hematologic malignancy who we have observed during the past 23 years (1963–1985). Five of 15 patients with ATL (33·3 per cent) have had at least one other associated neoplasm in comparison to only 44 of 1156 patients with other forms of hematological malignancy (3·8 per cent). The incidence figures for secondary neoplasms associated with the other hematologic malignancies were 4·3 per cent (16/370) for acute non‐lymphocytic leukemia (ANLL), 2·2 per cent (2/90) for acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), 4·8 per cent (1/21) for acute unclassifiable leukemia, 2·2 per cent (5/225) for chronic myelogenous leukemia, 4·7 per cent (2/43) for chronic lymphocytic leukemia, 5·9 per cent (8/136) for malignant monoclonal gammopathy and 3·7 per cent (10/271) for malignant lymphoma. The incidence of multiple neoplasms in patients with ATL in comparison to those with other hematological malignancies was statistically significant (p<0·01 or p<0·001). The neoplasms associated with ATL have been adenocarcinoma of the thyroid or stomach, and squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx, lip or lung. We identified ATL‐derived factor (ADF) in the cytoplasm of the secondary neoplasms of the ATL patients by means of indirect immunofluoroscopy and immunohistochemical techniques utilizing anti‐ADF antibody. We also identified ras p21 products in these neoplasms by means of p21 ras monoclonal antibody studies. The possibility that HTLV‐I was the cause of the secondary neoplasms thus was investigated. HTLV‐I provirus genome was not found in all the six cases of non‐ATL leukemic cells of the patients with anti‐HTLV‐I antibodies as determined by means of Southern blot analysis utilizing pX DNA probe. These findings suggest that there is some association between ATL cells and pre‐malignant cells through ADF or other unknown factors in the activation of ras oncogenes. Subsequent suppression of host immune defence mechanisms in ATL patients permits evolution of the secondary neoplasms.
Restriction of T cell receptor variable region in lymph nodes of adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma
Authors: Ohshima Koichi , Kikuchi Masahiro , Yoneda Satoshi , Kobari Shinichi , Sumiyosi Yoshiaki , Takeshita Morishige , Kimura Nobuhiro 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAdult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is a mature T cell malignancy, especially derived from the CD4 positive T cell. To characterize the T cell, we examined the representation of T cell antigen receptor variable region, using the monoclonal antibodies [β V 5 (a), β V 5 (b), β V 6 (a), β V 8 (a), β V 12 (a), α V 2 (a), α‐β V (a)]. Clinicopathologically we classified the lymph nodes of patients with ATLL into three states (1) human T cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV‐I) associated lymphadenitis, reactive state; (2) incipient ATLL, early or pre‐neoplastic state; and (3) ATLL, neoplastic state. The lymph nodes of all three states were composed of unvarying CD4 positive T cells. Most of the lymph nodes with ATLL consistently presented α V 2 antigen, but no others. In HTLV‐I associated lymphadenitis, only a few cells reacted for α V 2, as in non‐specific lymphadenitis without ATLL features. One of three cases with incipient ATLL presented α V 2. The selective expression of T cell antigen receptor V region might be associated with the presence of HTLV‐I encoded superantigen, similar to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
Infiltration of eosinophils in Hodgkin's disease involved lymph nodes predicts prognosis
Authors: Enblad Gunilla , Sundstrom Christer , Glimelius Bengt 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe number of infiltrating eosinophils were counted in tumour specimens from an unselected material of 140 cases of primary Hodgkin's disease (HD) and divided in three groups. Twenty‐six cases (19 per cent) showed heavy infiltration (>200 eosinophils/10 vision fields (VF)), 51 (36 per cent) moderate infiltration (11–200 eosinophils/10 VF and 63 virtually no infiltration (<10 eosinophils/10 VF). The eosinophilic infiltration was signifiantly more pronounced in the nodular sclerosis subtype. Cases with heavy infiltration had a significantly worse disease‐free survival compared to other cases. In a multivariate analysis, heavy eosinophilic infiltration was the most important factor for determining disease‐free survival in all patients and also when patients above and below 60 were analysed separately.
Potential role for low dose limited‐field radiation therapy (2 × 2 grays) in advanced low‐grade non‐Hodgkin's lymphomas
Authors: Ganem GéRard , Lambin Philippe , Socié GéRard , Girinsky ThéO , Bosq Jacques , Pico José Luis , Solal‐Céligny Philippe , Cosset Jean Marc 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the efficacy of low‐dose limited field radiation therapy (LDLRT) in low‐grade non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) patients, in order to outline its possible role.The rationale of the analysis was as follows: (1) there is no clear dose‐response relationship for radiation therapy (RT) in localized low‐grade non‐Hodgkin's lymphomas (LGNHL); (2) long‐term disease‐free survival can be achieved in advanced LGNHL with low‐dose (1.5‐2 Gy) fractionated total body irradiation; (3) moreover, some of our previous LGNHL patients stopped their conventional planned RT course for convenience after 5 to 7.5 Gy and remained free from local progression in irradiated volumes for a long period of time.Patient selection criteria were the following: (1) patients with low‐grade NHL (LGNHL); (2) patients who received no other form of therapy concomitantly with LDLRT until evaluation of the response; (3) patients who received a planned dose of 4 Gy in two fractions and over 3 days in a limited field.Out of 37 patients, 27 patients were fully evaluable. Twenty‐two patients had stage III or IV disease. The median logevity of the disease was 73 months. Twenty‐five patients had previously received chemotherapy (18 with anthracyclines).Nineteen patients had received one LDLRT course only. Eight patients responding to the first LDLRT had received at least one subsequent LDLRT course.After the first LDLRT course, an objective response in irradiated sites was observed in 24 of the 27 patients (89 per cent). Ten and 14 patients respectively demonstrated a complete response (CR) (37 per cent) and partial response (PR) (52 per cent). Freedom from progression in irradiated volumes for evaluable patients ranged from 4 to 35 months. Among the eight patients who received at least two LDLRT courses, a total of 20 different areas were irradiated, and 15 areas (75 per cent) showed a CR. Toxicity due to LDLRT was minimal.In conclusion, low‐dose limited‐field RT resulted in a high proportion of responses in LGNHL. The mechanisms explaining this radioresponsiveness are poorly understood. However, the efficacy of LDLRT could have several clinical applications in the general management of patients with advanced LGNHL.
Transfection of the bcr/abl oncogene into factor‐dependent cells by electroporation: acquisition of autonomous proliferation
Authors: Takahashi Masuhiro , Furukawa Tatsuo , Tanaka Izumi , Ohsawa Yukiko , Nikkuni Kohji , Aoki Azusa , Goto Takao , Hashimoto Takao , Kishi Kenji , Koike Tadashi , Moriyama Yoshiaki , Shibata Akira 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn order to clarify the function of P210 bcr/abl oncogene in leukemogenesis, IL‐3 dependent murine hematopoietic cell line, FDC‐P2, was transfected with the plasmid containing cDNA of P210 bcr/abl oncogene (pGD'210) or murine IL‐3 (pcDmIL3) by electroporation. Four out of five pGD'210 transfected clones as well as FDC‐P2 transfected with pcDmIL3, acquired autonomous proliferation (i.e. lost the requirement for IL‐3 supplementation). The expression of bcr/abl oncogene was weak in one clone, which remained dependent on IL‐3. Unlike pcDmIL3 transfectants, which secrete IL‐3 into the supernatant, IL‐3 was not demonstrated in the culture supernatant of pGD'210 transfected FDC‐P2. These findings suggest that P210 bcr/abl oncogene is directly associated with autonomous proliferation, which is the first process of leukemogenesis.
Salvage chemotherapy for relapsed and resistant lymphoma with a carboplatin containing schedule—epic
Authors: Richardson D. S. , Tighe M. , Cull G. , Johnson S. A. , Phillips M. J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe have treated 11 patients with relapsed or resistant lymphoma with a combination of Etoposide, Prednisolone, Ifosfamide and Carboplatin (EPIC), obtaining complete responses in two patients and partial responses in four patients for an overall response rate of 54 per cent. The treatment was well tolerated with no toxic deaths and five patients were able to proceed to high dose therapy with autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT).
Multiple drug resistance, the MDR gene, and the law of maximum perversity as it applies to oncology: An hypothesis
Authors: Spiers A. S. D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe so‐called Law of Maximum Perversity, generally stated, says that when more than one outcome is possible, that which is the more adverse is the outcome most likely to occur. In medical oncology, the most obvious expression of this law is the fact that all the neoplasms that are most sensitive to cytotoxic drugs and are most curable by chemotherapy, are rare and in numerical terms are not important as causes of cancer‐related deaths. Conversely, the most commonly encountered neoplasms that make up the bulk of oncologic practice and that cause over 90 per cent of cancer‐related deaths, are all relatively resistant to cytotoxic agents and are virtually never curable by chemotherapy administered in standard (i.e. non‐transplant) doses. It is postulated that the biological properties and the normal tissue distribution of the multidrug resistance (MDR) gene and its product p‐170 glycoprotein explain the observed incidences and distribution of tumours that are sensitive or insensitive to cytotoxic agents. The normal role of MDR is to protect cells from environmental carcinogens, and the tissues that are most at risk, and most richly supplied with MDR, will produce drug‐resistant neoplasms. Current attempts at MDR reversal may facilitate the treatment of some tumours that are resistant to multiple drugs but may cause severe toxic effects as a consequence of abrogating the largely unknown physiologic functions of P‐170.
Outcome of Hodgkin's disease in elderly patients
Authors: Diaz‐Pavon Jose Rodriguez , Cabanillas Fernando , Majlis Alejandro , Hagemeister Frederick B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe outcome of Hodgkin's disease in elderly patients is a subject of controversy. We analysed retrospectively 31 cases of patients older than 60 years that received treatment according to current protocols. We observed a CR rate of 87 per cent and survival of 58 per cent with a median follow‐up of 58 months which is clearly better than most reported results in this age group. Although our population consists of only those entered on protocols it suggests that patients whose condition is adequate enough to allow them to receive standard therapy with a curative intent, have a similar outcome to that seen in younger patients.
Hepatosinusoidal leukaemia/lymphoma consisting of epstein‐barr virus‐containing natural killer cell leukaemia/lymphoma and T‐cell lymphoma; mimicking malignant histiocytosis
Authors: Ohshima Kohichi , Kikuchi Masahiro , Mizuno Shinichi , Akashi Koichi , Moriyama Kousei , Yoneda Satoshi , Takeshita Morishige , Shibata Takashi 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPreviously diagnosed cases of hepatosinusoidal T‐cell lymphoma and malignant histiocytosis (MH) may include lymphoid neoplasms of natural killer (NK) cell lineage associated with Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV). Such hepatosinusoidal neoplasms were found to demonstrate hepatomegaly but not lymphadenopathy, and all were diagnosed by a liver biopsy. Sixteen adult patients diagnosed with hepatosinusoidal leukaemia/lymphoma (six NK‐cell leukaemia/lymphomas [NKLLs], five instances of MH, three T‐cell malignant lymphomas [T‐MLs], and two adult T‐cell leukaemia/lymphomas [ATLLs] were examined for EBV by in situ hybridization, then were studied immunohistochemically and subjected to a DNA analysis. Among our five patients with MH, neoplastic cells showed T‐cells, but no histiocytic markers, and they were considered to have either a T‐cell or NK‐cell lineage. All NKLLs, MHs and T‐MLs, except for ATLLs accompanied by reactive hemophagocytic histiocytes, varied in number in each case. In situ hybridization revealed the presence of EBV in the nuclei of atypical cells in all of the six lymphoid neoplasms of NK‐cell lineage. Each case of MH and each T‐ML which represented EBV demonstrated no definite T‐cell or histiocytic markers. Patients with ATLL did not reveal EBV. In all patients with hemophagocytosis, EBV was present in the nuclei of the neoplastic lymphocytes, but not in the hemophagocytic cells. Finally, the 16 cases were reclassified into eight cases with EBV ‐containing NKLLs, six T‐MLs, and two ATLLs. In addition, no true histiocytic neoplasms were observed. The mechanism of hemophagocytosis may be therefore the production of lymphokines (macrophage‐activating factors) by neoplastic lymphocytes. EBV‐associated hepatosinusoidal leukaemia/lymphoma may thus contain a lymphoid neoplasm of NK‐cell lineage, which made it difficult to be distinguished from the previously designated malignant histiocytosis.