bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measurement of fission neutron spectrum averaged cross sections of some threshold reactions on zirconium: Production possibility of no-carrier-added 90Y in a nuclear reactor
Authors: Abbasi I. A. , Zaidi Jamshed H. , Arif M. , Waheed Shahida , Subhani Muhammad Sadiq 
Published: August 2006

Summary
Employing the activation technique in combination with radiochemical separations and high-resolution γ-ray spectroscopy fission neutron spectrum averaged cross sections were measured for several (n, p) and (n, α) reactions on isotopes of zirconium; our measurements constitute the first systematic study. The special interest was in the investigation of the 90Zr(n, p)90Y reaction for the production of no-carrier-added 90Y in a nuclear reactor. At a fast neutron flux density of 7.5 × 1013 cm−2 s−1 and an irradiation time of 120 h, using 100% enriched 90Zr target 0.548 GBq of no-carrier-added 90Y per batch could be produced. The method is thus suitable for medium-scale production of this radionuclide.
Excitation functions of proton induced nuclear reactions on natural copper using a medium-sized cyclotron
Authors: Al-Saleh F. S. , Al-Harbi A. A. , Azzam A. 
Published: August 2006

Summary
Activation techniques have been used to measure the excitation functions of proton induced nuclear reactions on natural copper from their thresholds up to 27.5 MeV. The beam current was measured using a Faraday cup with secondary electron suppression, and the radioactivity of the products was determined via high-resolution gamma ray spectrometry. The data were compared with the data recommended by the IAEA wherever it was possible. A comparison of the new excitation functions with the theoretical calculations reported in the literature was undertaken to check the order of agreement between them. Good agreement was found for the results of 63Zn while the theoretical calculations overestimate the cross sections for 61Cu and 62Zn. The excitation function for the reaction natCu(p, x) 61Co was measured for the first time during this work. The integral yields of the radionuclides 62,63,65Zn, 61Cu and 61Co were calculated. 63Zn and 65Zn are produced over the whole energy range of 3 to 27.5 MeV and the yield gets saturated above 20 MeV. 62Zn, 61Cu and 61Co are produced at relatively high energies and have integral yield values between those of 63Zn and 65Zn. The relatively high yield of 62Zn is useful for the production of 62Zn/62Cu generator system.
Precise and accurate determination of alpha decay half-life of 244Pu by relative activity method using thermal ionization mass spectrometry and alpha spectrometry
Authors: Aggarwal S. K. 
Published: August 2006

Summary
Alpha decay half-life of 244Pu has been re-determined using thermal ionization mass spectrometry for atom ratios measurements and alpha spectrometry for alpha activity ratios measurements. Two different samples of enriched 244Pu were used and the 244Pu half-life was determined using 240Pu and 242Pu isotopes as reference nuclides in the relative activity method. A value of (8.12 ± 0.03) × 107 yr is recommended for the half-life of 244Pu based on the present data. This value is of high precision and accuracy compared to the two data reported in 1966 and 1969 with significantly larger uncertainties.
Measurement of the half-life of 132I
Authors: Mao Guo-Shu , Zhang Sheng-Dong , Yang Lei , Ding You-Qian , Cui An-Zhi 
Published: August 2006

Summary
The half-life of 132I was determined using a HPGe detector by place-relay method; calibrating efficiency was avoided by counting alternately at different places. In order to simplify the treatment of data, the realtime of every counting interval was set the same. Two ways, iteration and translation, were adopted to deal with the data. The obtained half-life value of 132I was (2.283 ± 0.002) h which has been checked and proven to be credible.
Retention of Sn(IV) and Pu(IV) onto four argillites from the Callovo–Oxfordian level at Bure (France) from eight equilibrated sedimentary waters
Authors: Latrille C. , Ly J. , Herbette M. 
Published: August 2006

SummaryWithin the framework of studies concerning the migration of radionuclides in a potential nuclear waste disposal host rock, the retention properties of clayey materials towards Sn(IV) and Pu(IV) are approached. Chemical sorption is quantified with the partitioning coefficientKd, whose value is dependent on the physico-chemical conditions. Four argillites are selected from three different deep boreholes at Bure to characterise the retention of Pu(IV) and Sn(IV) in eight waters close to the interstitial solution. No differences in major mineralogical composition distinguished these argillite samples. However, significant differences in retention properties of these argillites in the same water towards Sn, could be attributed to minor phases not identified by DRX. Retention of Sn or Pu is not sensitive to weak physico-chemical conditions variations.Ehconditions were imposed in the stability domain of Pu(IV). An auxiliary redox couple was tested and its impact on the results is briefly discussed. Sorption reversibility is verified for Sn(IV) and Pu(IV).
Sorption characteristics of99Tc onto bentonite material with different additives under anaerobic conditions
Authors: Vinšová Hana , Večerník Petr , Jedináková-Křížová Věra 
Published: August 2006

SummaryThe radionuclide99Tc is one of the fission products of spent nuclear fuel. The chemical forms of this element depend primarily on the pH andEhof the environment. The aim of this study was to describe the sorption of the pertechnetate anion onto bentonite under anaerobic conditions, which accurately simulate the environment of a deep repository. Several additives were tested to determine whether they increase the retention of99Tc on this material — Fe, FeS, Fe3O4and activated carbon.It was found that it is very difficult to create the same conditions present in the deep repository in the laboratory, which is why the reduction of the pertechnetate anion to its lower oxidation state (Tc(IV)) was not achieved. The retention of the pertechnate anion on bentonite is very low (KD∼1 mL/g), the uptake of the pertechnetate anion onto bentonite was achieved by the addition of suitable additives to the bentonite mixturese.g.activated carbon, Fe and FeS (KD∼102–103 mL/g). Various chemical forms of technetium were obtained in the solution, dependant on the various reaction mechanisms of the pertechnetate anion. Fe and FeS enabled the reduction of the pertechnetate anion to its lower oxidation state in the form of insoluble TcO(OH)2or TcO2·nH2O, physical sorption is the dominant mechanism with activated carbon.
Studies on sorption of cadmium (II) ions onto Haro river sand from aqueous media using radiotracer and voltammetric techniques
Authors: Ahmed Riaz , Yamin Tayyaba , Ansari Muhammad S. , Hasany Syed Moosa 
Published: August 2006

SummarySorption of Cd(II) ions on Haro river sand has been studied using radiotracer technique. The effects of pH and acid concentrations on the sorption were studied. The sorption increases with pH, reaches a maximum at pH7 and decreases at higher pH values. With acids, it was found that sorption decreases with increasing acid concentration, and for more oxidizing acids sorption was less. Kinetic studies indicate that mostly intra particle diffusion occurs with first order rate constant of 18.45 × 10−2min−1. The sorption data follow the Freundlich and Dubinin–Radushkevich (D–R) isotherms. In addition to the radiotracer method, voltammetric technique was applied and the results by the two techniques are in good agreement. The sorption free energy value indicates that adsorption process is chemisorption. The effect of temperature was studied and values of ΔH, ΔSand ΔGfor Cd(II) have been calculated which are 20.15 kJ mol−1, 74.04 J mol−1K−1and −1.754 kJ mol−1. Adsorption of Cd(II) on Haro river sand is endothermic, spontaneous and entropy driven. The effect of different anions and cations at different concentrations was studied. Levels of cadmium have been monitored in water and sediments.
Synergistic extraction of Nd(III), Tb(III) and Lu(III) ions with a mixture of picrolonic acid and benzo-15-crown-5 in chloroform
Authors: Rehmann Habib-ur , Ali Akbar , Anwar Chaudhary Jamil , Ahmed Shafaat 
Published: August 2006

SummaryThe synergistic mixture comprising picrolonic acid (HPA) and benzo-15-crown-5 (B15C5) in chloroform has been used for the extraction of Nd3+, Tb3+and Lu3+as representatives of lanthanide(III) ions from pH 1-2 solutions having ionic strength of 0.1 mol l−1(K+/H+, Cl−). The composition of the extracted species has been determined as M(PA)3·nB15C5 where M is Nd, Tb and Lu andn= 1 or 2. The acid dissociation constant (pKa) has been evaluated to be 2.52 ± 0.01. The influence of various anions and cations on the extraction of these lanthanide(III) ions has also been studied and only oxalate and thiosulphate among the anions and Cu2+, Fe3+, Zn2+and Ni2+among the cations have some deleterious effect. The extraction equilibrium constants have been evaluated and discussed.
Corticotrope hypersecretion coupled with cortisol hypo-responsiveness to stimuli is present in patients with autoimmune endocrine diseases: evidence for subclinical primary hypoadrenalism?
Authors: Giordano Roberta , Balbo Marcella , Picu Andreea , Bonelli Lorenza , Berardelli Rita , Falorni Alberto , Ghigo Ezio , Arvat Emanuela 
Published: August 2006

Objective: In autoimmune polyglandular syndrome types 1, 2, and 4 primary adrenal insufficiency is present, but its diagnosis is often late. We investigated the function of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis in a group of patients with autoimmune diseases (AP) without any symptoms and signs of hypoadrenalism.
Design: In 10 AP and 12 normal subjects (NS), we studied cortisol (F), aldosterone (A), and DHEA responses to 0.06 μg adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) (1–24) followed by 250 μg, ACTH and F responses to human corticotropin-releasing hormone (hCRH; 100 μg) and insulin tolerance test (ITT) (0.1 UI/kg).
Results: Basal F, A, DHEA, as well as urinary free cortisol and plasma renin activity levels in AP and NS were similar, whereas ACTH levels in AP were higher (P<0.05) than in NS. NS showed F, A, and DHEA response to both consecutive ACTH doses. In AP, the F, A, and DHEA responses to 250 μg ACTH were similar to those in NS, whereas the 0.06 μg ACTH dose did not elicit any significant response. The ACTH responses to hCRH and ITT in AP were higher (P<0.05) than in NS. The F response to hCRH in AP was lower (P<0.05) than in NS, whereas the F response to ITT in AP did not significantly differ from NS.
Conclusions: Enhancement of both basal and stimulated corticotrope secretion coupled with reduced adrenal sensitivity to low ACTH dose is present in AP patients without symptoms and signs of hypoadrenalism. This functional picture suggests that normal adrenal secretion is maintained due to corticotrope hyperfunction, suggesting the existence of some subclinical primary hypoadrenalism.
Cetrorelix suppression test to assess the source of androgen overproduction in postmenopausal hirsutism
Authors: de Boer Hans , de Man Marian , de Bruyn Kim , van Sorge Adriaan 
Published: August 2006

A 75-year-old woman presenting with recent onset hirsutism and severely elevated serum androgen levels was evaluated to assess the source of excessive androgen production. Commonly recommended hormonal stimulation and suppression tests, and the usually employed imaging techniques were non-diagnostic. In this report, we describe a new suppression test based on the use of the GnRH receptor antagonist, cetrorelix, to determine whether androgen production was LH-dependent. Cetrorelix, administered in a daily dose of 250 μg subcutaneously, suppressed serum LH within 24 h and reduced serum androgen levels to normal within 48–72 h, indicating that androgen overproduction was of ovarian origin. This diagnosis was confirmed by laparoscopic ovariectomy.
Conclusion: The cetrorelix suppression test is a simple procedure that provides valuable information regarding the source of androgen excess in postmenopausal hirsutism.
The risk of fractures in postmenopausal women with primary hyperparathyroidism
Authors: De Geronimo Simona , Romagnoli Elisabetta , Diacinti Daniele , D’Erasmo Emilio , Minisola Salvatore 
Published: August 2006

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of vertebral (vFr) and non-vertebral (nvFr) fractures in postmenopausal women with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT).
Materials and Methods: We studied 98 patients with PHPT, divided into ‘mild’ (M, n = 25) and ‘non-mild’ (NM, n = 73) sub-groups, according to recently published guidelines (2002), and 89 healthy women (C) matched for age, years since menopause and body mass index. vFr was evaluated according to a visual semiquantitative method; bone mineral density (BMD) at the lumbar spine (LS), and femoral sites (femoral neck, FN and total femur, FT) was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Volumetric BMD of the third lumbar vertebra (vBMDL3) was also calculated.
Results: The prevalence of vFr was significantly higher (P < 0.001) in both M and NM PHPT patients compared with C; this prevalence did not differ between M and NM patients. BMD was significantly lower (P < 0.05) in NM patients compared with both C and M patients. BMD at LS in M patients was also significantly higher with respect to C. Similar results were also obtained for vBMDL3; in M patients, vBMDL3 was also significantly higher compared to C. When M and NM patients were subdivided according to the presence or lack of vFr, no difference was found between fractured and unfractured patients for either BMD or vBMDL3 values.
Conclusions: The risk of vFr is higher in postmenopausal patients with mild PHPT even if BMD appears well preserved. This finding suggests that other factors, such as bone quality, seem to be relevant in determining fracture risk, especially when gonadal function is lacking.
Blockade of oestrogen biosynthesis in peripubertal boys: effects on lipid metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and body composition
Authors: Hero Matti , Ankarberg-Lindgren Carina , Taskinen Marja-Riitta , Dunkel Leo 
Published: August 2006

Objective: In males, the pubertal increase in sex hormone production has been associated with proatherogenic changes in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. Aromatase inhibitors, a novel treatment modality for some growth disorders, may significantly influence these risk factors for cardiovascular disease by suppressing oestrogen biosynthesis and stimulating gonadal androgen production. In the current study, we explored the effects of aromatase inhibition on lipid metabolism, insulin sensitivity, body composition and serum adiponectin in peripubertal boys.
Design: Prospective, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled clinical study.
Methods: Thirty-one boys, aged 9.0–14.5 years, with idiopathic short stature were treated with the aromatase inhibitor letrozole (2.5 mg/day) or placebo for 2 years. During the treatment, the concentrations of sex hormones, IGF-I, lipids, lipoproteins and adiponectin were followed-up. The percentage of fat mass (FM) was assessed by skinfold measurements and insulin resistance by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) index.
Results: In pubertal boys, who received letrozole, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) decreased by 0.47 mmol/l (P<0.01) during the study. Simultaneously, their percentage of FM decreased from 17.0 to 10.5 (P<0.001), in an inverse relationship with serum testosterone. The concentrations of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides and HOMA index remained at pretreatment level in both groups. Serum adiponectin decreased similarly in letrozole- and placebo-treated pubertal boys (2.9 and 3.3 mg/l respectively).
Conclusions: In males, aromatase inhibition reduces HDL-C and decreases relative FM after the start of puberty. The treatment does not adversely affect insulin sensitivity in lean subjects.
Adipose tissue 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 expression in obesity and Cushing’s syndrome
Authors: Mariniello Barbara , Ronconi Vanessa , Rilli Silvia , Bernante Paolo , Boscaro Marco , Mantero Franco , Giacchetti Gilberta 
Published: August 2006

Objective: To evaluate the expression of 11β-hydrxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) in omental adipose tissue of patients with Cushing’s syndrome and simple obesity, compared with normal weight controls.
Design and methods: We have performed a case-control study and studied omental adipose tissue from a total of 24 subjects (eight obese subjects, ten patients with Cushing’s syndrome due to adrenal adenoma, and six normal weight controls). Body mass index, blood pressure, plasma glucose, plasma insulin, plasma cortisol, urinary free cortisol and post dexamethasone plasma cortisol were measured with standard methods. 11β-HSD1 mRNA and protein expression were evaluated in real-time PCR and western blot analysis respectively.
Results: 11β-HSD1 mRNA was 13-fold higher in obese subjects compared with controls (P=0.001). No differences were found between Cushing’s patients and controls. Western blot analysis supported the mRNA expression results.
Conclusions: Our data show the involvement of 11β-HSD1 enzyme invisceral obesity, which is more evident in severely obese patients than in Cushing’s syndrome patients. The lack of increase of 11β-HSD1 expression in Cushing’s syndrome could suggest downregulation of the enzyme as a result of long-term overstimulation.
Extending analyticK-subanalytic functions
Authors: Piękosz Artur 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
Letg:U→ℝ (U open in ℝn) be an analytic and K-subanalytic (i. e. definable in ℝanK, whereK, the field of exponents, is any subfield ofℝ) function. Then the set of points, denoted Σ, whereg does not admit an analytic extension is K-subanalytic andg can be extended analytically to a neighbourhood of Ū\∑.
On log canonical divisors that are log quasi-numerically positive
Authors: Fukuda Shigetaka 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
Let (X Δ) be a four-dimensional log variety that is projective over the field of complex numbers. Assume that (X, Δ) is not Kawamata log terminal (klt) but divisorial log terminal (dlt). First we introduce the notion of “log quasi-numerically positive”, by relaxing that of “numerically positive”. Next we prove that, if the log canonical divisorK
X+Δ is log quasi-numerically positive on (X, Δ) then it is semi-ample.
Lattice valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets
Authors: Gerstenkorn Tadeusz , Tepavĉević Andreja 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
In this paper a new definition of a lattice valued intuitionistic fuzzy set (LIFS) is introduced, in an attempt to overcome the disadvantages of earlier definitions. Some properties of this kind of fuzzy sets and their basic operations are given. The theorem of synthesis is proved: For every two families of subsets of a set satisfying certain conditions, there is an lattice valued intuitionistic fuzzy set for which these are families of level sets.
Electrotunable Non‐reciprocal Laser Emission from a Liquid‐Crystal Photonic Device
Authors: Song M. H. , Park B. , Nishimura S. , Toyooka T. , Chung I. J. , Takanishi Y. , Ishikawa K. , Takezoe H. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractA liquid crystal (LC) photonic device with an anisotropic optical heterojunction structure has been fabricated. The device has a phase‐retarding nematic LC (NLC) layer sandwiched between two polymer cholesteric LC films with right‐handed helices of different pitches. Electrotunable non‐reciprocal light transmittance and unidirectional circularly polarized (CP) lasing emission have been successfully demonstrated for this device structure. Two left CP (LCP) lasing emission peaks are observed at the edges of the overlapping region between the two photonic bands in the structure and are shifted upon the application of a voltage. In contrast, a non‐reciprocal right CP (RCP) lasing emission peak emerges at one of the band edges and diminishes upon the application of a voltage. These phenomena are interpreted based on the selective reflection of RCP light and the reorientation of the NLC molecules by the application of a voltage.
Octakis(3‐propylammonium) Octadecaiodopentaplumbate(II): A New Layered Structure Based on Layered Perovskites.
Authors: Billing David G. , Lemmerer Andreas 
Published: August 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Solvothermal Synthesis and Electrical Transport Properties of Skutterudite CoSb3.
Authors: Mi J. L. , Zhao X. B. , Zhu T. J. , Tu J. P. , Cao G. S. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
The Ternary Ln—Si—B Systems (Ln: Dy, Ho, Er and Y) at 1270 K: Solid State Phase Equilibria and Magnetic Properties of the Solid Solution LnB2‐xSix (Ln: Dy and Ho).
Authors: Roger Jerome , Babizhetskyy Volodymyr , Guizouarn Thierry , Hiebl Kurt , Guerin Roland , Halet Jean‐Francois 
Published: August 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Generation and Cyclization of Unsaturated Carbamoyl Radicals Derived from S‐4‐Pentynyl Carbamothioates under Tin‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Benati Luisa , Bencivenni Giorgio , Leardini Rino , Minozzi Matteo , Nanni Daniele , Scialpi Rosanna , Spagnolo Piero , Zanardi Giuseppe 
Published: August 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
An Unprecedented Highly Efficient Solvent‐Free Oxidation of Alkynes to α,β‐Acetylenic Ketones with tert‐Butyl Hydroperoxide Catalyzed by Water‐Soluble Copper Complex.
Authors: Ajjou Abdelaziz Nait , Ferguson Gabriel 
Published: August 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Direct Aldol Reaction of Trifluoroacetaldehyde Ethyl Hemiacetal with Ketones by Use of the Combination of Amines and Acids.
Authors: Funabiki Kazumasa , Nagaya Hideyuki , Ishihara Mika , Matsui Masaki 
Published: August 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Aminoalkylation of “Push‐Pull” Enamines Having a Methyl Group at the α‐Position with Imines of Methyl 3,3,3‐Trifluoropyruvate.
Authors: Sibgatulin Dmitriy A. , Volochnyuk Dmitriy M. , Rusanov Eduard B. , Kostyuk Aleksandr N. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Nucleophilic α‐Addition to β‐Nitroacrylates: Application to the Synthesis of α‐Thioacrylates.
Authors: Lewandowska Elzbieta 
Published: August 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Dimerization of Cyclopropyl Ketones and Cross Reactions of Cyclopropyl Ketones with Enones as an Entry to Five‐Membered Rings.
Authors: Liu Lei , Montgomery John 
Published: August 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.