bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of ultrasound-guided lung recruitment to reduce pulmonary atelectasis after non-cardiac surgery under general anesthesia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Liao Bucheng , Liao Wuhao , Yin Shuang , Liu Shujuan , Wu Xinhai 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
At present, the application of bedside lung ultrasound is increasing gradually, but there is no relevant expert consensus or guidance for its evaluation in the field of perioperative anesthesia. Through this meta-analysis, we tried to determine the impact of ultrasound-guided lung recruitment maneuvers (LRM) on perioperative patients.

Methods
We searched PubMed, Cochrane Library database, Embase, and Clinical Trials gov for the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published up to December 31, 2022. The primary outcome was the incidence of postoperative atelectasis. Secondary outcomes included lung ultrasound score (LUS) and LUS of each part. A total of 443 patients were examined in nine randomized controlled trials.

Results
The incidence of atelectasis after surgery in patients with ultrasound-guided LRM was less (RR 0.31; 95% CI 0.25–0.40; p < 0.05). The LUS (WMD − 6.24; 95% CI − 6.90–5.59; p < 0.05) and the LUS of each part (LUS in front lung region (WMD − 2.00; 95% CI − 2.49 to − 1.51; p < 0.05); LUS in lateral lung region (WMD − 2.50; 95% CI − 3.20 to − 1.80; p < 0.05); LUS in posterior lung region (WMD − 3.24; 95% CI − 4.23 to − 2.24; p < 0.05)) in patients with ultrasound-guided LRM were lower.

Conclusion
Ultrasound-guided lung recruitment maneuvers have been shown to be a promising approach for improving perioperative lung ventilation by increasing aeration while mitigating the development of atelectasis. In comparison to non-ultrasound-guided methods, this technique has exhibited superior effects.
Trends in the use of neuromuscular blocking agents, reversal agents and neuromuscular transmission monitoring: a single-centre retrospective cohort study
Authors: Krijtenburg Piet , de Boer Arjen , Bash Lori D. , Scheffer Gert Jan , Keijzer Christiaan , Warlé Michiel C. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Residual neuromuscular blockade (rNMB) remains a persistent and preventable problem, with serious risks.

Methods
Our objective was to describe and assess patterns in the use of neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs), neuromuscular transmission (NMT) monitoring, and factors associated with the use of sugammadex. We performed a retrospective, observational cohort study based on electronic medical records in a large teaching hospital in the Netherlands that introduced an integrated NMT monitoring module with automatic recording in 2017. A total of 22,000 cases were randomly selected from all surgeries between January 2015 and December 2019 that required endotracheal intubation with the use of an NMBA. A total of 14,592 cases fulfilled all the inclusion criteria for complete analyses.

Results
Relative NMBA usage remained the same over time. For rocuronium, spontaneous reversal decreased from 86 to 81%, sugammadex reversal increased from 12 to 18%. There was a decline in patients extubated in the operating room (OR) with neither documented NMT monitoring nor sugammadex-mediated reversal from 46 to 31%. The percentage of patients extubated in the OR without a documented train-of-four ratio ≥ 0.9, decreased from 77 to 56%. Several factors were independently associated with the use of sugammadex, including BMI > 30 kg/m2 (odds ratio: 1.41; 95% CI: 1.24–1.60), ASA class 3 or 4 (1.20; 1.07–1.34), age > 60 years (1.37; 1.23–1.53), duration of surgery < 120 min (3.01; 2.68–3.38), emergency surgery (1.83; 1.60–2.09), laparoscopic surgery (2.01; 1.71–2.36), open abdominal/thoracic surgery (1.56; 1.38–1.78), NMT monitoring used (5.31; 4.63–6.08), total dose of rocuronium (1.99; 1.76–2.25), and (inversely) use of inhalational anaesthetics (0.88; 0.79–0.99).

Conclusion
Our data demonstrate that the implementation of NMT monitoring with automatic recording coincides with a gradual increase in the (documented) use of NMT monitoring and an increased use of sugammadex with a more precise dose. Factors associated with sugammadex use include higher age, ASA score, BMI, abdominal and thoracic surgery, higher rocuronium doses, emergency surgery and the use of NMT monitoring.
Trial registration
N/A.

Key points
• Introduction of NMT monitoring with automatic recording coincides with an increase in (documented) use of NMT monitoring.
• Sugammadex is more frequently used in patients with a presumed higher a priori risk of pulmonary complications.
• Despite increased NMT monitoring and use of sugammadex a significant percentage of patients remain at potential risk of rNMB.
Role of GABA pathway in motor and non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease: a bidirectional circuit
Authors: Alharbi Bandar , Al-kuraishy Hayder M. , Al-Gareeb Ali I. , Elekhnawy Engy , Alharbi Hind , Alexiou Athanasios , Papadakis Marios , Batiha Gaber El-Saber 
Published: March 2024

AbstractParkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease as a result of the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). The fundamental features of PD are motor and non-motor symptoms. PD symptoms develop due to the disruption of dopaminergic neurotransmitters and other neurotransmitters such as γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). The potential role of GABA in PD neuropathology concerning the motor and non-motor symptoms of PD was not precisely discussed. Therefore, this review intended to illustrate the possible role of GABA in PD neuropathology regarding motor and non-motor symptoms. The GABA pathway is essential in regulating the inhibitory tone to prevent excessive stimulation of the cerebral cortex. Degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in PD is linked with reducing GABAergic neurotransmission. Decreasing GABA activity promotes mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress, which are highly related to PD neuropathology. Hence, restoring GABA activity by GABA agonists may attenuate the progression of PD motor symptoms. Therefore, dysregulation of GABAergic neurons in the SNpc contributes to developing PD motor symptoms. Besides, PD non-motor symptoms are also related to the dysfunction of the GABAergic pathway, and amelioration of this pathway may reduce PD non-motor symptoms. In conclusion, the deregulation of the GABAergic pathway in PD might be intricate in developing motor and non-motor symptoms. Improving this pathway might be a novel, beneficial approach to control PD symptoms.
Relationship between albumin-corrected anion gap and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease varied in different waist circumference groups: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Lu Ye , Zhan Ya-zhen , Li Wan , Liao Shu-li 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Objectives
To investigate the association of albumin-corrected anion gap (ACAG) with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and clinically significant fibrosis (CSF) defined by vibration-controlled transient elastography measurements.

Methods
This cross-sectional study including 4531 participants was conducted using the data from the NHANES database of cycles 2017–2018. The outcomes were set as NAFLD vs. non-NAFLD and NAFLD with CSF vs. NAFLD without CSF. The generalized additive model and restricted cubic spline analyses were used to assess the nonlinear relationship. The generalized linear models, logistic regression models, sensitivity analysis, P trend test, subgroup analysis, and mediation analysis were employed to analyze the association. Finally, an ACAG-based model was constructed and evaluated.

Results
A higher ACAG level was an independent risk factor for NAFLD (P < 0.05), but not for CSF (P > 0.05). The sensitivity analysis and P trend test results substantiated the significantly positive relationship between ACAG and NAFLD (P < 0.05). Interestingly, the obvious connection between ACAG and NAFLD varied in different waist circumference groups and played a central role in the central obesity group. In addition, alanine aminotransferase and waist circumference were the mediators in their relationship. Moreover, the ACAG-based model performed well in predicting NAFLD.

Conclusions
ACAG level is independently associated with NAFLD but not CSF. ACAG might be a novel and reliable biomarker for predicting NAFLD clinically especially in the central obesity population.
Endovascular treatment of vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation: hospital-based case series in two tertiary centers
Authors: Ali Abdelghany Wael M. , Nouby Radwan , Ramadan Osama M. , Habib MA. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation (VGAM) is considered a rare vascular malformation, constituting over 1% of all arteriovenous shunts. This malformation represents around 30% of congenital vascular malformations in the pediatric population. The focus of our study is to examine both the clinical and radiological outcomes following endovascular embolization in pediatric patients with Galenic arteriovenous shunts. Our aim is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of endovascular management. This research aims to contribute to understanding the management and outcomes of VGAM in pediatric patients, particularly in the context of endovascular embolization.

Method
This study included 19 patients with vein of Galen malformation evaluated clinically and radiologically and we treated them with endovascular embolization with aim to assess safety and efficacy of endovascular treatment of VGA in the period from May 2019 to December 2022.

Results
We evaluated 12 male patients 63.2% and 7 females 36.8% in pediatric age group with vein of Galen malformation. Patients were followed for 1 year. Our study included 3 neonates (15.8%), 10 infants (52.6%) and 6 children (2–10 years) (31.6%). Increase SC (skull circumference) was the most common presenting symptoms 8 (42.1%). We have reached total occlusion in 15 patients (78.9%) while 4 patients had residual (21.1%). 11 patients improved (57.9%) and 2 patients died (10.5%).

Conclusion
VGAM are not very rare and should be kept in mind in children with refractory heart failure. Introduction of endovascular embolization as the primary therapy has significantly improved prognosis. Good selection of cases based on their score and good timing of treatment has impact on prognosis with less morbidities.
Blue Humanities and the Color of Colonialism
Authors: Ferwerda Susanne 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The cultural study of water has seen a prismatic shift toward the color blue. This is often articulated as a move away from the terrestrial focus of green ecologies and environmentalism, toward blue aquatic inquiries. What happens when green becomes blue and the blue humanities take shape under the umbrella of the environmental humanities? This article examines the blue humanities to argue that its blues address colonial inheritances and critique colonial desires. Blue has long appealed to the colonial imaginary; it drew European ships across the seas to mine blue pigment from Afghan rocks and raise indigo plantations on stolen land, with stolen labor. The article analyzes the lapis lazuli series by Dutch artist Pieter Paul Pothoven and the performance of the poem “Unity” by Aotearoa New Zealand poet Selina Tusitala Marsh. Pothoven’s work shows how blue analysis accounts for the fact that the color blue has built empires, taken lives, and altered environments. Marsh’s poetry and presence in the heart of the British Empire visualizes blue resistance against imperial power and the persistent defiance of colonization in the Pacific region. The article argues that blue transoceanic European and Pacific colonial connections become disarticulated in the blue humanities and their aquatic encounters.
Blue Crush Cinema
Authors: Blackett Emma 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This article discusses the settler-colonial femininity at work in two films that foreground the Pacific Ocean, Blue Crush (John Stockwell, 2002) and The Piano (Jane Campion, 1993). With these film readings it offers a critique of the feminist new materialist turn toward water. The feminist hydrological turn aims to amplify the oceanic sensorium’s potential to dissolve the always-already-illusory boundedness of Western subjectivity into a recognition of watery enmeshment, and it aligns, though does not often directly engage, with Indigenous Pacific and trans-Pacific anti-colonial hydropolitics. This article brings feminist hydrological writing into conversation with psychoanalysis and explains that blue crush cinema has the following elements and functions: (1) it tells of a settler woman with a powerful draw toward the water—here crush is polyvalent; (2) the ocean is at once literal and psychic; (3) the film camera allows water’s diffractive animacy to distort human form, a distortion that hydrological feminists associate with dissolving Western subjectivity, and that psychoanalytic theorist Julia Kristeva associates with “oceanic feeling”; but (4), in the end, the blue crush enables the settler woman to return to colonial work. This final function has critical implications for feminist readings of water, which, as this article’s central speculation goes, may work paradoxically to recuperate Western thought.
Enhanced supportive care
Authors: Monnery Daniel , Droney Joanne 
Published: March 2024

Enhanced supportive care is a care model providing earlier access to multiprofessional, coordinated care for patients from the point of cancer diagnosis. As a proactive model of care, it stands as a contrast to providing access to a multidisciplinary team once a patient has hit a crisis point, or when their prognosis has become sufficiently poor that they are able to access traditional end-of-life services. Its arrival in the UK through palliative care teams working in cancer care has led to enhanced supportive care being synonymous with early palliative care. While enhanced supportive care has enabled early palliative care, as it has become more embedded in the UK, it has taken on a wider remit for patients living longer with cancer and the management of side effects. Enhanced supportive care services have also begun to provide care for cancer survivors. Enhanced supportive care services have a key role in modern cancer care in maintaining and improving patients' quality of life alongside cancer treatment and ensuring that patients' priorities and preferences for treatment are considered. Furthermore, enhanced supportive care has been shown to support the wider healthcare system by creating capacity within the NHS, reducing demand on hospital services and saving money. As enhanced supportive care services continue to grow and venture into the care and support of cancer survivors and those receiving potentially curative treatments, ongoing work is needed to determine how these services can be made available throughout the NHS and how a shared vision of the way enhanced supportive care operates can be realised.
Outcome of complicated osteoarticular brucellosis in a tertiary care center in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Mahmoud Ebrahim , Alaman Areej , Alsayari Raghad , Hakeem Anadel , Bosaeed Mohammad , Ibrahim Azaheer , Algazlan Saleh , Almanea Abdullah , Abulaban Ahmed A. 
Published: March 2024

Objective
To evaluate the outcome of complicated osteoarticular brucellosis.

Methods
A retrospective chart review was conducted at King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. All patients aged more than 14 who have been diagnosed with complicated brucellosis with osteoarticular disease between July 2016 and December 2022 were included.

Results
A total of 82 (10.7%) patients met the criteria, with a male predominance of 66 (80.4%), and their mean age was 56.4 ± 19.3 years. A positive blood culture was found in 33 (40.2%). The most common clinical presentation was fever (57.3%). All patients received a doxycycline-based regimen except one. 62 (75.60%) patients were treated with three or more medication regimens, while 20 (24.40%) patients received two drug regimens. The mean duration of therapy was 94.2 days for two-drug therapy and 116.4 days for three-drug therapy. A total of 78 out of 82 (95.1%) cases were cured at the end of treatment. Unfavorable outcomes were documented in four cases (two relapses and two treatment failures). Neither using three drugs regimen nor longer duration of therapy was associated with better outcome.

Conclusions
Unfavorable outcomes have been noticed to be minimal in our cohort of patients with osteoarticular brucellosis, treated mainly with a three-drug regimen and a longer duration of therapy.
Designing Iranian hospital organizational charts: Global comparisons
Authors: Amini-Rarani Mostafa , Mokhtari Somayeh , Akbari Mohammad , Zamani Zahra , Mahdiyan Somayeh 
Published: March 2024

Background
Hospitals should have effective and efficient organizational charts to face the changing healthcare environment. Thus, for this purpose, the present study seeks to compile an organizational chart for Iranian hospitals.

Materials and methods
The present study was conducted in two phase overview and qualitative (using focus group discussion). In the overview phase, the organizational charts of hospitals were analyzed in terms of complexity (i.e., degree of horizontal and vertical separations), and the initial hospital organizational chart was developed based on the results. Subsequently, experts were interviewed in a focus group discussion to finalize and validate the initial organizational chart.

Results
The final organizational chart was designed to contain features such as internal divisions, specialization, reduction of organizational hierarchies, expansion of supervision scope, and moderate-sized organizational pyramid.

Conclusion
Using designed organizational chart would eliminate the redundant managerial levels since it reduces organizational hierarchies to two levels of management, expands the supervision scopes, fosters a moderate-sized organizational pyramid, and catalyzes communications.
Association of anti-diabetic drugs and covid-19 outcomes in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 and chronic kidney disease: Nationwide registry analysis
Authors: Dimnjaković Jelena , Buble Tamara , Ivanko Pero , Poljičanin Tamara , Karanović Štambuk Sandra , Brborović Hana , Brborović Ognjen 
Published: March 2024

Introduction
Patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 and chronic kidney disease (T2DM-CKD) have a 5 times higher risk of developing severe SARS-CoV-2 infection than those without these 2 diseases. The goal of this study is to provide information on T2DM-CKD and COVID-19 outcomes, with an emphasis on the association with anti-diabetic medications.

Methodology
Study is designed as a retrospective cohort analysis covering the years 2020 and 2021. Data from the National Diabetes Registry (CroDiab) were linked to hospital data, primary healthcare data, Causes of Death Registry data, the SARS-CoV-2 vaccination database, and the SARS-CoV-2 test results database. Study outcomes were cumulative incidence of SARS-CoV-2 positivity, COVID-19 hospitalizations, and COVID-19 deaths. For outcome predictors, logistic regression models were developed.

Results
Of 231 796 patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 in the database, 7 539 were T2DM-CKD (3.25%). The 2-year cumulative incidences of all three studies’ outcomes were higher in T2DM-CKD than in diabetes patients without CKD (positivity 18.1% vs. 14.4%; hospitalization 9.7% vs. 4.2%; death 3.3% vs. 1.1%, all p<0.001). For COVID-19 hospitalization, protective factors were SGLT-2 inhibitors use (OR 0.430; 95%CI 0.257–0.719) and metformin use (OR 0.769; 95% CI 0.643–0.920), risk factors were insulin use (1.411; 95%CI 1.167–1.706) and sulfonylureas use (OR 1.226; 95% CI 1.027–1.464). For SARS-CoV-2 positivity protective factors were SGLT-2 inhibitors (0.607; 95% CI 0.448–0.823), repaglinide use (OR 0.765; 95% CI 0.593–0.986) and metformin use (OR 0.857; 95% CI 0.770–0.994). DPP-4 inhibitors showed a non-significant decrease in risk for COVID-19 death (OR 0.761; 95% CI 0.568–1.019).

Conclusion
T2DM-CKD are heavily burdened by COVID-19 disease. Our results suggest no association between antidiabetic drugs and COVID-19 death outcome while SGLT-2 and metformin show to be protective against COVID-19 hospitalization and infection, repaglinide against infection, and insulin and sulfonylureas show to be risk factors for COVID-19 hospitalization and infection. Further research in T2DM-CKD is needed.
Bataille: Celestial Earth
Authors: Mora Andrés 
Published: March 2024

The continuum from Earth and Sky reminds humanity of his fortuitous origin; this means, everything remains in suspense. Against this telluric horror, mankind opposes a static world: beset by security and welfare, stranded in the mechanical order (labour servility), ignores the movement of the universe. This is a world conceived by and for weighty beings, closed like de paved ground with which they cover the earth of what it is not.
Political Turnover and Public Health Provision in Brazilian Municipalities
Authors: de Araújo Jevuks Matheus , Machoski Eduarda , Melo Ana Karolina Acris 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The objective of this work is to estimate the effects of political turnover on municipal health indicators. For this purpose, we used a regression discontinuity design applied to a pool of data on close municipal elections that occurred in 2008 and 2012. The outcome variables tested were municipal health indicators observed 1 and 3 years after the elections. We assume that the change of parties in the leadership of the municipal executive power alters the managers and public health policies and, therefore, affects the indicators of this sector. Our results indicate that health indicators linked to administrative issues appeared to benefit from political turnover in the period immediately after the elections (1 year). These results were corroborated by our additional estimates (robustness). We highlight that the number of health workers and coverage of primary care remained better 3 years after the elections in municipalities that suffered political turnover, indicating that this improvement resulting from the change in management may not be transient. Finally, through averaging tests, we found that in municipalities where the incumbent lost the election and there was a turnover, health managers were more qualified, and there was greater creation of basic health units.
Cellulose acetate filter rods tuned by surface engineering modification for typical smoke components adsorption
Authors: Huang Zhi , Liu Hua , Zhou Wenjie , Cai Mengdie , Shi Kangzhong , Zhao Ying , Guo Lisheng 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
A series of filter rods (FRs) with sodium alginate (SA) modification were prepared by a simple one-pot pre-treatment surface modification method for the retention of typical smoke components. The influences of SA on the physico-chemical properties and adsorption behaviors (or retention characteristics) toward FRs were investigated in detail. Based on the results of XRD, BET, and SEM, it can be inferred that SA modification has no influences on compositions and textural properties of FRs. However, surface modification of FR by SA can greatly improve the hydrophilicity of FR, which is crucial for water retention. In situ diffuse Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy results demonstrate that FR modified by 2 g·L−1 SA presents superior adsorption character for acetone. The differences in the adsorption or retention of water and acetone are ascribed to surface enriched functional groups tuned by surface engineering modification. By contrast, the modification of SA had no obvious effect on the adsorption of CO at room temperature. By contrast, at high temperature, low modification concentration is conducive to the CO2 and CO adsorption. It presents a good perspective for the rational design of new filter materials to reduce the release of harmful components in cigarette smoke.