bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stress hyper-reactivity increases vulnerability to developing binge-type eating and associated anxiety-like behavior; comparison between Wistar-Kyoto and Sprague-Dawley rats
Authors: Rodríguez-Rangel Daniela Sarai , Estrada-Camarena Erika , López-Rubalcava Carolina 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionBinge eating disorder (BED) is a widespread eating disorder that primarily affects women worldwide, and it is characterized by the presence of binge eating episodes and the absence of any compensatory behavior to prevent weight gain. BED presents elevated comorbidity with other psychiatric disorders, such as anxiety, and it has been suggested that stress sensibility could be a vulnerability factor for the development of BED and the associated anxiety comorbidity. In this study, we aim to investigate whether the Wistar-Kyoto rat strain (WKY), which has a stress hyper-reactive phenotype, could develop both binge-type eating and anxiety-like behaviors simultaneously. We also aim to compare its vulnerability to developing both behaviors with the Sprague Dawley rat strain (SD), a rat strain commonly used in binge-eating models.MethodsWKY and SD rats were subjected to the model of intermittent access to palatable food (sucrose solution 30% or shortening) without calorie restriction or stress exposure. We evaluated and compared the development of binge-type eating behavior, anxiety-like behavior, and serum corticosterone variation as an index of the stress response in both rat strains.ResultsWKY rats presented a higher percentage of binge-type eaters and required less time to develop binge-type eating behavior than SD rats. The WKY eating pattern emulated a binge-eating episode regardless of the palatable food. Although the development of sucrose binge-type eating was similar between strains, WKY developed more easily the shortening binge-type eating than SD and was more susceptible to developing anxiety-like behavior. Additionally, sucrose binge eating seems to differentially affect both strains’ hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis response to stress since it facilitated its response in SD and blunted it in WKY.DiscussionOur results show that high-stress sensitive phenotype is a common vulnerability factor for the development of binge-type eating and anxiety-like behavior. Regardless of the macronutrient composition of the palatable food, WKY is susceptible to developing a binge-type eating behavior and is more susceptible than SD to developing anxiety-like behavior simultaneously. In conclusion, results showed that a hyper-reactive stress phenotype predisposes the development of binge-type eating behavior and anxiety-like behavior in the absence of calorie restriction and stress exposure.
Perinatal features of children with Silver-Russell syndrome due to 11p15 loss of methylation
Authors: Darneau Diane , Giabicani Eloïse , Netchine Irène , Pham Aurélie 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundA diagnosis of Silver–Russell syndrome (SRS), a rare imprinting disorder responsible for foetal growth restriction, is considered for patients presenting at least four criteria of the Netchine-Harbison clinical scoring system (NH-CSS). Certain items of the NH-CSS are not assessable until the age of 2 years. The objective was to determine perinatal characteristics of children with SRS to allow an early diagnosis.MethodsWe retrospectively compared the perinatal characteristics of children with SRS (n = 17) with those of newborns small for gestational age (SGA) due to placental insufficiency (PI) (n = 21).ResultsChildren with SRS showed earlier and more severely altered foetal biometry than SGA newborns due to PI. Twenty-three percent of patients with SRS showed uterine artery Doppler anomalies. SRS children were significantly smaller at birth (birth length &lt;-3 SDS in 77% of cases in the SRS group vs. 15% in the PI group, p = 0.0001).ConclusionThe diagnosis of SRS must be evoked in the neonatal period for SGA newborns with a growth delay present from the second trimester of pregnancy, a birth length &lt;-3 SDS and a relative macrocephaly. Doppler anomalies, classically used to orient the cause of SGA towards PI, did not rule out the diagnosis of SRS.
Music-evoked emotions classification using vision transformer in EEG signals
Authors: Wang Dong , Lian Jian , Cheng Hebin , Zhou Yanan 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionThe field of electroencephalogram (EEG)-based emotion identification has received significant attention and has been widely utilized in both human-computer interaction and therapeutic settings. The process of manually analyzing electroencephalogram signals is characterized by a significant investment of time and work. While machine learning methods have shown promising results in classifying emotions based on EEG data, the task of extracting distinct characteristics from these signals still poses a considerable difficulty.MethodsIn this study, we provide a unique deep learning model that incorporates an attention mechanism to effectively extract spatial and temporal information from emotion EEG recordings. The purpose of this model is to address the existing gap in the field. The implementation of emotion EEG classification involves the utilization of a global average pooling layer and a fully linked layer, which are employed to leverage the discernible characteristics. In order to assess the effectiveness of the suggested methodology, we initially gathered a dataset of EEG recordings related to music-induced emotions.ExperimentsSubsequently, we ran comparative tests between the state-of-the-art algorithms and the method given in this study, utilizing this proprietary dataset. Furthermore, a publicly accessible dataset was included in the subsequent comparative trials.DiscussionThe experimental findings provide evidence that the suggested methodology outperforms existing approaches in the categorization of emotion EEG signals, both in binary (positive and negative) and ternary (positive, negative, and neutral) scenarios.
Predictors of non-suicidal self-injury in adolescents with depressive disorder: the role of alexithymia, childhood trauma, and body investment
Authors: Cao Panpan , Peng Ran , Yuan Qiuyu , Zhou Ruochen , Ye Mengting , Zhou Xiaoqin 
Published: April 2024

PurposeThis study analyzes the relationship of alexithymia, childhood trauma, and body investment to non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) behaviors in adolescents with depressive disorder and whether they have predictive and diagnostic value for non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) behaviors in adolescents with depressive disorder.Patients and methodsA total of 225 patients with a diagnosis of adolescent depressive disorder were included in the study and were divided into two groups according to the DSM-5 criteria: 98 cases without NSSI and 127 cases with NSSI. Compare the demographic data, 24-item Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD-24), 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF), and Body Investment Scale (BIS) scores between two groups. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the independent risk factors contributing to NSSI behaviors in adolescents with depression, and establish four predictive models. Based on the models’ predictive probability, the ROC curves were plotted to calculate the value of the predictive diagnostic effect.ResultsThe group without NSSI had lower scores than the group with NSSI on HAMD-24 total score, TAS-20 total score, difficulty identifying feelings, difficulty describing feelings, and externally focused thinking, as well as lower scores on CTQ-SF total score, physical neglect, emotional neglect, physical abuse, and emotional abuse. In contrast, the BIS total score, body image feelings and attitudes, body care, and body protection factor scores were higher for the group without NSSI. The BIS body care factor score and the CTQ-SF emotional abuse factor score were significantly linked with adolescents diagnosed with depressive disorder who exhibited NSSI behaviors. These results provide a good diagnostic model for adolescents with depressive disorder.ConclusionLow levels of body care and childhood emotional abuse may independently contribute to the implementation of NSSI in adolescents with depressive disorder. Body investment and childhood trauma are valuable in diagnosing and predicting NSSI behaviors and should be considered as potentially important factors in clinical treatment.
Investigating the impact of surgical masks on behavioral reactions to facial emotions in the COVID-19 era
Authors: Montalti Martina , Mirabella Giovanni 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionThe widespread use of surgical masks during the COVID-19 pandemic has posed challenges in interpreting facial emotions. As the mouth is known to play a crucial role in decoding emotional expressions, its covering is likely to affect this process. Recent evidence suggests that facial expressions impact behavioral responses only when their emotional content is relevant to subjects’ goals. Thus, this study investigates whether and how masked emotional faces alter such a phenomenon.MethodsForty participants completed two reaching versions of the Go/No-go task in a counterbalanced fashion. In the Emotional Discrimination Task (EDT), participants were required to respond to angry, fearful, or happy expressions by performing a reaching movement and withholding it when a neutral face was presented. In the Gender Discrimination Task (GDT), the same images were shown, but participants had to respond according to the poser’s gender. The face stimuli were presented in two conditions: covered by a surgical mask (masked) or without any covering (unmasked).ResultsConsistent with previous studies, valence influenced behavioral control in the EDT but not in the GDT. Nevertheless, responses to facial emotions in the EDT exhibited significant differences between unmasked and masked conditions. In the former, angry expressions led to a slowdown in participants’ responses. Conversely, in the masked condition, behavioral reactions were impacted by fearful and, to a greater extent, by happy expressions. Responses to fearful faces were slower, and those to happy faces exhibited increased variability in the masked condition compared to the unmasked condition. Furthermore, response accuracy to masked happy faces dramatically declined compared to the unmasked condition and other masked emotions.DiscussionIn sum, our findings indicate that surgical masks disrupt reactions to emotional expressions, leading people to react less accurately and with heightened variability to happy expressions, provided that the emotional dimension is relevant to people’s goals.
A qualitative evaluation of the pathway for eating disorders and autism developed from clinical experience (PEACE): clinicians’ perspective
Authors: Li Zhuo , Hutchings-Hay Chloe , Byford Sarah , Tchanturia Kate 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionThe Pathway for Eating disorders and Autism developed from Clinical Experience (PEACE pathway) is a clinical pathway of adapted treatment for individuals with eating disorders and autism in the UK. This study aims to investigate multidisciplinary clinicians’ views of the strengths and challenges of PEACE pathway adaptations, while identifying areas where further improvement is needed.MethodSemi-structured interviews were conducted with 16 clinicians who worked on the PEACE pathway. Themes relevant to the benefits, challenges and areas of improvement were identified, and a thematic map was produced.ResultsPEACE Pathway brought clinical benefits such as improved understanding of patients’ perspective, improved flexibility and individualisation in clinicians’ approach, increased patient engagement, and provision of resources that are helpful to all patients with or without autism. Benefits to the service included increase in autism awareness, clinicians’ confidence, and team collaboration. Challenges were also identified, including difficulties in incorporating autism adaptations into existing treatment protocol, implementing PEACE at different levels of care, staff schedule conflicts, and increased pressure to meet patients’ needs. Overall, there is a need for systemic improvement in aftercare and community support for autism, more suitable autism screening tool, and more structured guidelines for making adaptations.Conclusions and implicationsPEACE Pathway has brought clinical and service benefits, while also bringing practical challenges rooted in the difficulty in distinguishing between autism and eating disorder in comorbid population. Future areas of improvement are highlighted for PEACE resources as well as in the national support system for autistic individuals.
How to communicate with older adults about climate change: a systematic review
Authors: Pinna Samuele , Longo Diego , Zanobini Patrizio , Lorini Chiara , Bonaccorsi Guglielmo , Baccini Marco , Cecchi Francesca 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionAlthough older adults are particularly vulnerable to the effects of climate change, they seem to be overall less concerned about it, and less inclined to support climate policies. The study aims to identify the communication strategies that have been evaluated in promoting awareness and/or climate friendly behaviors in older adults.MethodsWe searched multiple electronic databases for studies that evaluated the effects of any interventions aimed at communicating climate change to older persons (over 65 years) and assessed the results as awareness and /or behavioral changes. We selected quantitative, qualitative and mixed methods studies, and we also included systematic reviews for cross-referencing. Risk of bias of included studies was evaluated using different tools according to the study design.ResultsFrom a total of 5,486 articles, only 3 studies were included. One mixed-method study engaged older adults to assess the community vulnerability to climate change and to develop adaptation recommendations based on their perspectives; one qualitative study conducted focus groups to identify the more effective language, values and themes based on participants’ responses to narratives; one quantitative study utilized a 360-degree audio-visual platform allowing users to engage with immersive visualizations of sea-level rise scenarios.DiscussionDespite the paucity of literature, this review demonstrates the potential for different strategies to increase the awareness of older persons about climate change. The involvement of older adults in the communication process, the identification of their priorities, and the integration of technology in their daily lives are promising approaches but more research, including both quantitative and qualitative studies is recommended on this topic.Systematic review registerationFor further details about the protocol, this systematic review has been registered on PROSPERO on July 1, 2023 (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42023438256).
Prevalence and correlates of mental health problems among different occupations of medical workers during COVID-19 outbreak in China
Authors: Yan Qiuping , Hou Xiaofei , Zhang Tingting , Yin Huifang , Han Bing , Ma Chao , Wang Ying , Chen Hongguang , Wen Jing , Huang Yueqin , Jiang Rongmeng , Liu Zhaorui , Xu Guangming 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundHealth workers involved in the fight to prevent the COVID-19 outbreak were exposed to hazards. Detailed information on mental health problems in different medical occupations is crucial. To examined the prevalence of mental health issues in three medical occupations as well as the relationships between mental health problems and correlates in each occupation.MethodsThis study utilizing the Questionnaire Star program was conducted among medical workers working at medical institutions in China from February 17 to 24, 2020. The Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20), the Zung Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and the Zung Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) were used to assess mental health problems.ResultsThe prevalence of any mental health problems in the three occupations was 43.6, 34.6, and 32.9% for nurses, paramedical workers (PMWs), and doctors, respectively. Three occupations shared some correlates, such as being overworked, not having enough time to rest, support from colleagues, and previous mental health status. There were specific factors for each occupation. For doctors, age, educational level, living status, support from family, and previous physical status were related factors in mental health problems. Working in a designated hospital for treating COVID-19, having COVID-19 event exposures, and receiving support from family were associated with the mental health problems of the nurses. PMWs’ mental health problems was linked to educational level and care from supervisors or heads of department.ConclusionDifferent medical occupations have distinct impacts on mental health issues. Policy makers and mental health professionals working to prepare for potential disease outbreaks should be aware of multiple factors in different occupations.
Areas of professional life and job satisfaction of nurses
Authors: Tomaszewska Katarzyna , Kowalczuk Krystyna , Majchrowicz Bożena , Kłos Alicja , Kalita Krzysztof 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionJob satisfaction among nurses is closely related to work environment as well as organizational and professional commitment. Satisfaction is a concept derived from Latin, where “satis” means “enough,” as much as is needed to fully satisfy expectations, needs, aspirations, in such a way that there is no room for complaint. Job satisfaction, on the other hand, is formulated as a positive attitude of employees toward the duties of the job, the work environment and other employees. The aim of this paper was to demonstrate how the different areas of nurses’ professional life, i.e., workload, control, rewards, community, sense of justice and values, correlate with their perceived job satisfaction.Materials and methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in a group of 509 nurses working in a public hospital in Poland. Data were collected using a survey questionnaire, which consisted of a section containing sociodemographic data and standardized instruments: The Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ) and The Areas of Worklife Survey (AWS) developed by Maslach and Leiter. Correlations were made using Spearman’s rho coefficient. The calculations also used stepwise linear regression analysis after checking certain assumptions, including checking the assumption of normality of residuals and the Durbin-Watson Test.ResultsThe mean score for the 20 items of the MSQ questionnaire ranged from 3.05 to 3.43 on a 5-point Likert scale. Support from the interdisciplinary team, which concerned assessing the quality of the social environment in the workplace, cooperation and showing positive feelings received the highest rating among respondents (3.51 ± 0.76). The sense of fair treatment at work averaged 3.26 ± 0.58. The area of value conflict within the organization itself or between the employee’s values and those of the organization, respondents rated an average of 3.26 ± 0.65. The mean score for all areas of professional work in the surveyed group was 3.09 ± 0.45.ConclusionAs satisfaction in particular areas of work life increases, so does the level of satisfaction in such aspects of work as achievement and a sense of fairness. The higher the level of satisfaction in the area of control, the more the sense of satisfaction with independence increases. The higher the satisfaction of respondents in the areas of values, workload and control, the higher the level of satisfaction with working conditions occurs.
Fun, community, and culture in a Japanese alternative food network
Authors: Black Jasmine E. 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionAlternative Food Networks (AFNs) are important sources of community-driven sustainable food production and consumption. It is apparent that despite the existing environmentally friendly ways of producing food, such networks are not yet multiplying at a rate which could help tackle climate change and biodiversity loss. This study is set in Sado island, Japan, which has become well known for its farming practices protecting the crested ibis, as well as its GIAHS status, but which also has an AFN beyond these accreditations. It investigates the challenges and opportunities of Sado’s AFN to find ways to help it thrive, and give potential pointers for developing new AFN’s.MethodsIn this research I use a mix of experiential sensory ethnography, socially-engaged art and interviews to understand the challenges and opportunities of an AFN in Sado island, Japan. A range of Sado’s AFN actors were engaged to provide a more holistic picture.ResultsYoung and new entrant farmers, food processors and retailers in Sado expressed the need for their work to be fun as well as in coexistence with nature, using innovative practices and models to make this a reality. AFN actors also revealed a great capacity to undertake numerous food and culture related events, for the purpose of community, throughout the year. Despite this, there are gaps in capacity, and a lingering negative image of farming and rural areas as difficult places to live. These factors are stemming the ability for new AFNs to begin and existing ones to thrive.DiscussionGiving farming a fun, empowering and positive image whilst creating greater networking capacity could strengthen this AFN and help create new ones in other ruralities. Further, better acknowledging the importance of the culture and arts through which people connect to nature could form a greater source of pride and motivation to stay in rural areas.