bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fe, Mn, P and S Speciation in Sediments from the Capivara Hydroelectric Dam Lake (Brazil) as an Indicator of Anthropogenic Influences
Authors: Barreto Wagner José , Ishikawa Dilson Norio , Spacino Scarminio Ieda , de Souza Costa João , dos Santos Nora Paulo , de Fatima Soares Miriam , Mansano Nicolau Romilaine , Esteves Gonçalves Adriana Celeste , Giancoli Barreto Sonia Regina 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThe conservation of large water resources is essential for the preservation of human life. The quantification and, more importantly, the speciation of chemical substances that indicate the presence of anthropogenic contamination in water resources are of great importance. This paper presents the results of analysis for the determination of organic, inorganic and total phosphorus, pseudo‐sulfur, and iron and manganese, in five fractions, in water sediments collected from the Capivara Hydroelectric Power Plant, Brazil. A study on the seasonal variation of these parameters was conducted, with data having been collected in the winter and in the summer, at two sites along the dam, 5 km apart, close to the city of Primeiro de Maio. Phosphorous was found in sediments and adjacent soil in the organic form (OP), and was used as an indicator of anthropogenic influence on the reservoir banks. Speciation of potentially toxic Mn showed that it is present in the exchangeable fraction of the 0–5 cm depth layer (sediment/water interface), making its transfer to the water column possible. Results from this study showed that domestic and industrial effluent treatment measures are needed for the preservation of the quality of aquatic environments.
Spectroscopic Characterization of Compost at Different Maturity Stages
Authors: Spaccini Riccardo , Piccolo Alessandro 
Published: February 2008

AbstractWe studied the physicochemical and molecular changes of compost during its maturation within 60, 90, and 150 days after the composting process. Moreover, the changes were also studied in compost residues after sequential removal of lipidic compounds. Infrared DRIFT spectrometry and 13C‐CPMAS‐NMR spectroscopy indicate that the molecular composition of compost changes dramatically during the stabilization period. The most decomposable components, mainly represented by bioavailable lipidic and peptidic structures, were progressively mineralized passing from 60 days to longer periods of compost stabilization. At increasing maturity stages, the composition of organic matter underwent a progressive enrichment in stable hydrophobic and ligno‐cellulosic material. The sequential extraction of lipidic compounds allowed an improved characterization of substrates and confirmed the outlined progressive transformation of compost. Compost may well be chosen on the basis of selected characteristics for environmental applications.
Comparison of two wave element methods for the Helmholtz problem
Authors: Huttunen T. , Gamallo P. , Astley R. J. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractIn comparison with low‐order finite element methods (FEMs), the use of oscillatory basis functions has been shown to reduce the computational complexity associated with the numerical approximation of Helmholtz problems at high wave numbers. We compare two different wave element methods for the 2D Helmholtz problems. The methods chosen for this study are the partition of unity FEM (PUFEM) and the ultra‐weak variational formulation (UWVF). In both methods, the local approximation of wave field is computed using a set of plane waves for constructing the basis functions. However, the methods are based on different variational formulations; the PUFEM basis also includes a polynomial component, whereas the UWVF basis consists purely of plane waves. As model problems we investigate propagating and evanescent wave modes in a duct with rigid walls and singular eigenmodes in an L‐shaped domain. Results show a good performance of both methods for the modes in the duct, but only a satisfactory accuracy was obtained in the case of the singular field. On the other hand, both the methods can suffer from the ill‐conditioning of the resulting matrix system. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Eight‐node shell element based on incompatible modes
Authors: Xu Desheng , Xiao Rucheng , Wang Yan , Ling Daosheng 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThis paper concerns the shell element formulation used for linear analysis. Introduction of hierarchical incompatible modes into the ordinary 8‐node solid element is very effective to obtain the rational deflection–rotation relationship. An efficient revision scheme without using numerical volume integration is developed to ensure the satisfaction of the patch test. A lot of numerical tests are carried out for the validation of the present element. Numerical results show that the element can give satisfactory accuracy and convergence, especially for moderately thick shells. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An extended finite element method for hydraulic fracture problems
Authors: Lecampion Brice 
Published: February 2008

AbstractIn this paper, the extended finite element method (X‐FEM) is investigated for the solution of hydraulic fracture problems. The presence of an internal pressure inside the crack is taken into account. Special tip functions encapsulating tip asymptotics typically encountered in hydraulic fractures are introduced. We are especially interested in the two limiting tip behaviour for the impermeable case: the classical LEFM square root asymptote in fracture width for the toughness‐dominated regime of propagation and the so‐called ⅔ asymptote in fracture width for the viscosity‐dominated regime. Different variants of the X‐FEM are tested for the case of a plane‐strain hydraulic fracture propagation in both the toughness and the viscosity dominated regimes. Fracture opening and fluid pressure are compared at each nodes with analytical solutions available in the literature. The results demonstrate the importance of correcting for the loss of partition of unity in the transition zone between the enriched part and the rest of the mesh. A point‐wise matching scheme appears sufficient to obtain accurate results. Proper integration of the singular terms introduced by the enrichment functions is also critical for good performance. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Twist Grain Boundary Liquid‐Crystalline Phases under the Effect of the Magnetic Field: A Complete2H and13C NMR Study
Authors: Domenici Valentina , Veracini Carlo Alberto , Novotná Vladimira , Dong Ronald Y. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractA liquid crystal (HZL 7/*) containing an (S)‐2‐methylbutyl‐(S)‐lactate unit in the chiral chain, is investigated by means of2H and13C NMR spectroscopy in order to obtain information on its orientational order, its molecular structure and the effect of external magnetic fields on the supramolecular structure of its phases. This mesogen presents very peculiar mesomorphic properties and exhibits frustrated TGBA* and TGBC* phases in a wide temperature range up to 60 °C, as well as an additional phase transition from TGBC1* to TGBC2*.2H NMR measurements show, for the first time, a peculiar magnetic field effect in unwinding the supramolecular structure of both the TGBA* and TGBC* phases. This effect is particularly evident at higher magnetic fields, while different behaviour is observed at lower magnetic fields. This indicates that the supramolecular structure is very sensitive to magnetic fields of the order of 1 Tesla. Moreover, the analysis of the2H and13C NMR spectra ofHZL 7/*allow us to obtain several structural properties, such as the tilt angle of the TGBC* phases and the local orientational order parameters referred to the phenyl and biphenyl fragments. This is the first structural characterization of the frustrated phases of these complexes by means of NMR.
Listening to Lanthanide Complexes: Determination of the Intrinsic Luminescence Quantum Yield by Nonradiative Relaxation
Authors: Yang Yuetao , Li Junjia , Liu Xiaojun , Zhang Shuyi , Driesen Kris , Nockemann Peter , Binnemans Koen 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThe photophysical properties of lanthanide complexes have been studied extensively; however, fundamental parameters such as the intrinsic quantum yield as well as radiative and nonradiative decay rates are difficult or even impossible to measure experimentally. Herein, a photoacoustic (PA) method is proposed to determine the intrinsic quantum yield of lanthanide complexes with lifetimes in the order of milliseconds. This method is used to determine the intrinsic quantum yields for europium(III)‐containing metallomesogens as well as terbium(III) complexes. The results show that the PA signal is sensitive to both the lifetime and the ratio of the fast‐to‐slow heat component of the samples. It is found that there is an efficient ligand sensitization and a moderate intrinsic quantum yield for the complexes. The intrinsic quantum yield of Eu3+ in the metallomesogens exhibits an obvious increase upon the isotropic liquid to smectic A transition. The proposed PA method is quite simple, and can contribute to a clearer understanding of the photophysical processes in luminescent lanthanide complexes.
Ionic Liquids: Dissecting the Enthalpies of Vaporization
Authors: Köddermann Thorsten , Paschek Dietmar , Ludwig Ralf 
Published: February 2008

AbstractWe calculate the heats of vaporisation for imidazolium‐based ionic liquids [Cnmim][NTf2] with n=1, 2, 4, 6, 8 by means of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and discuss their behavior with respect to temperature and the alkyl chain length. We use a force field developed recently. The different cohesive energies contributing to the overall heats of vaporisations are discussed in detail. With increasing alkyl chain length, the Coulomb contribution to the heat of vaporisation remains constant at around 80 kJ mol−1, whereas the van der Waals interaction increases continuously. The calculated increase of about 4.7 kJ mol−1 per CH2‐group of the van der Waals contribution in the ionic liquid exactly coincides with the increase in the heats of vaporisation for n‐alcohols and n‐alkanes, respectively. The results support the importance of van der Waals interactions even in systems completely composed of ions.
Characteristics and key findings for ‘Behavioural and cognitive interventions with or without other treatment for the management of faecal incontinence in children’
Authors: van Dalen E. C. , Offringa M. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThese are the characteristics and key findings for a Cochrane review published in this issue of EBCH, first published as Brazzelli M, Griffiths P. Behavioural and cognitive interventions with or without other treatments for the management of faecal incontinence in children. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2006, Issue 2. Art. No.: CD002240. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD002240.pub3.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying EBCH Summary and Commentary articles. Copyright © 2008 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration
Characteristics and key findings for ‘Cognitive behavioural therapy for anxiety disorders in children and adolescents’
Authors: van Dalen E. C. , Kremer L. C. M. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThese are the characteristics and key findings for a Cochrane review published in this issue of EBCH, first published as James A, Soler A, Weatherall R. Cognitive behavioural therapy for anxiety disorders in children and adolescents. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2005, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD004690. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD004690.pub2.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying EBCH Summary and Commentary articles. Copyright © 2008 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration
Characteristics and key findings for ‘Cognitive behavioural interventions for children who have been sexually abused’
Authors: van Dalen E. C. , Offringa M. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThese are the characteristics and key findings for a Cochrane review published in this issue of EBCH, first published as Macdonald GM, Higgins JPT, Ramchandani P. Cognitive‐behavioural interventions for children who have been sexually abused. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2006, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD001930. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD001930.pub2.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying EBCH Summary and Commentary articles. Copyright © 2008 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration
Characteristics and key findings for ‘Media‐based behavioural treatments for behavioural problems in children’
Authors: van Dalen E. C. , Kremer L. C. M. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThese are the characteristics and key findings for a Cochrane review published in this issue of EBCH, first published as Montgomery P, Bjornstad G, Dennis J. Media‐based behavioural treatments for behavioural problems in children. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2006, Issue 1. Art. No.: CD002206. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD002206.pub3.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying EBCH Summary and Commentary articles. Copyright © 2008 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration
Characteristics and key findings for ‘Behavioural and cognitive therapy for obsessive compulsive disorder in children and adolescents’
Authors: van Dalen E. C. , Kremer L. C. M. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThese are the characteristics and key findings for a Cochrane review published in this issue of EBCH, first published as O'Kearney RT, Anstey KJ, von Sanden C. Behavioural and cognitive behavioural therapy for obsessive compulsive disorder in children and adolescents. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2006, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD004856. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD004856.pub2.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying EBCH Summary and Commentary articles. Copyright © 2008 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration
Summary of ‘Behavioural and cognitive behavioural therapy for obsessive compulsive disorder in children and adolescents’
Authors: Milne Andrea 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThis is a summary of a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: O'Kearney RT, Anstey KJ, von Sanden C. Behavioural and cognitive behavioural therapy for obsessive compulsive disorder in children and adolescents. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2006, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD004856. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD004856.pub2.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying Commentary and Characteristics and Key Findings Tables articles. Copyright © 2008 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration
Summary of ‘Cognitive behavioural therapy for anxiety disorders in children and adolescents’
Authors: Milne Andrea 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThis is a summary of a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: James A, Soler A, Weatherall R. Cognitive behavioural therapy for anxiety disorders in children and adolescents. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2005, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD004690. DOI: 10.1002/14651858. CD004690.pub2.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying Commentary and Characteristics and Key Findings Tables articles. Copyright © 2008 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration
Summary of ‘Behavioural and cognitive interventions with or without other treatments for the management of faecal incontinence in children’
Authors: Milne Andrea 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThis is a summary of a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Brazzelli M, Griffiths P. Behavioural and cognitive interventions with or without other treatments for the management of faecal incontinence in children. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2006, Issue 2. Art. No.: CD002240. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD002240.pub3.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying Commentary and Characteristics and Key Findings Tables articles. Copyright © 2008 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration
Summary of ‘Media‐based behavioural treatments for behavioural problems in children’
Authors: Milne Andrea 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThis is a summary of a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Montgomery P, Bjornstad G, Dennis J. Media‐based behavioural treatments for behavioural problems in children. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2006, Issue 1. Art. No.: CD002206. DOI: 10.1002/14651858. CD002206.pub3.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying Commentary and Characteristics and Key Findings Tables articles. Copyright © 2008 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration
Summary of ‘Cognitive‐behavioural interventions for children who have been sexually abused’
Authors: Milne Andrea 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThis is a summary of a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Macdonald GM, Higgins JPT, Ramchandani P. Cognitive‐behavioural interventions for children who have been sexually abused. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2006, Issue 4. Art. No. CD001930. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD001930.pub2.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying Commentary and Characteristics and Key Findings Tables articles. Copyright © 2008 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration
Commentaries on ‘Cognitive behavioural therapy for anxiety disorders in children and adolescents’, with response from the author
Authors: Andrews Gavin , Mahoney Alison , Turner William 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThese are commentaries on a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: James A, Soler A, Weatherall R. Cognitive behavioural therapy for anxiety disorders in children and adolescents. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2005, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD004690. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD004690.pub2.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying EBCH Summary and Characteristics and Key Findings Tables articles. Copyright © 2008 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration
Commentary on ‘Behavioural and cognitive interventions with or without other treatments for the management of faecal incontinence in children’
Authors: Catto‐Smith Anthony G. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThis is a commentary on a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Brazzelli M, Griffiths P. Behavioural and cognitive interventions with or without other treatments for the management of faecal incontinence in children. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2006, Issue 2. Art. No.: CD002240. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD002240.pub3.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying EBCH Summary and Characteristics and Key Findings Tables articles. Copyright © 2008 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration
Commentary on ‘Media‐based behavioural treatments for behavioural problems in children’
Authors: Hazell Philip 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThis is a commentary on a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Montgomery P, Bjornstad G, Dennis J. Media‐based behavioural treatments for behavioural problems in children. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2006, Issue 1. Art. No.: CD002206. DOI: 10.1002/14651858. CD002206.pub3.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying EBCH Summary and Characteristics and Key Findings Tables articles. Copyright © 2008 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration
Commentary on ‘Cognitive‐behavioural interventions for children who have been sexually abused’
Authors: McCrory Eamon 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThis is a commentary on a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Macdonald GM, Higgins JPT, Ramchandani P. Cognitive‐behavioural interventions for children who have been sexually abused. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2006, Issue 4. Art. No. CD001930. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD001930.pub2.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying EBCH Summary and Characteristics and Key Findings Tables articles. Copyright © 2008 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration
Commentary on ‘Behavioural and cognitive therapy for obsessive compulsive disorder in children and adolescents’ with a response from the review author
Authors: Turner Cynthia M , Mataix‐Cols David 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThis is a commentary on a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: O'Kearney RT, Anstey KJ, von Sanden C. Behavioural and cognitive behavioural therapy for obsessive compulsive disorder in children and adolescents. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2006, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD004856. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD004856.pub2.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying EBCH Summary and Characteristics and Key Findings Tables articles. Copyright © 2008 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration