bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Green High‐k Dielectric from Modified Carboxymethyl Cellulose‐Based with Dextrin
Authors: Santoso Leon Lukhas , Prakoso Suhendro Purbo , Bui Hai‐Khue , Hong Qi‐An , Huang Ssu‐Yu , Chiang Tai‐Chin , Huang Kuan‐Yeh , Nurkhamidah Siti , Tristantini Dewi , Chiu Yu‐Cheng 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMany crucial components inside electronic devices are made from non‐renewable, non‐biodegradable, and potentially toxic materials, leading to environmental damage. Finding alternative green dielectric materials is mandatory to align with global sustainable goals. Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is a bio‐polymer derived from cellulose and has outstanding properties. Herein, citric acid, dextrin, and CMC based hydrogels are prepared, which are biocompatible and biodegradable and exhibit rubber‐like mechanical properties, with Young modulus values of 0.89 MPa. Hence, thin film CMC‐based hydrogel is explored as a suitable green high‐k dielectric candidate for operation at low voltages, demonstrating a high dielectric constant of up to 78. These fabricated transistors reveal stable high capacitance (2090 nF cm−2) for ≈±3 V operation. Using a polyelectrolyte‐type approach and poly‐(2‐vinyl anthracene) (PVAn) surface modification, this study demonstrates a thin dielectric layer (d ≈30 nm) with a small voltage threshold (Vth ≈−0.8 V), moderate transconductance (gm ≈65 nS), and high ON–OFF ratio (≈105). Furthermore, the dielectric layer exhibits stable performance under bias stress of ± 3.5 V and 100 cycles of switching tests. The modified CMC‐based hydrogel demonstrates desirable performance as a green dielectric for low‐voltage operation, further highlighting its biocompatibility.
For showing only, for selling only, or for hybrid? Physical store deployment for a manufacturer in online retailing
Authors: Li Yanting , Zhang Cuihua , Li Chunyu , MacMillen Simeon J. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractManufacturers in online retailing are exploring a physical store option: showroom, retail store, or hybrid model. We've built game‐theoretic models to study their deployment strategies and channel preferences of e‐tailers and consumers. Our analysis reveals that manufacturers opt for a hybrid store with a small showrooming effect, showroom with a significant effect, but rarely a retail store. Consumers generally favor manufacturers introducing an offline channel while e‐tailers prefer this when the online channel has a large market share. When the online channel dominates, e‐tailers are more motivated to choose a hybrid store while consumers lean towards a showroom.
Demand‐driving innovation, advertising nuisance, and a media platform optimal pricing
Authors: Aloui Chokri , Jebsi Khaïreddine 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis paper explores the incentives of a monopolistic media platform to invest in demand‐driving innovation when the interactions between its customer groups (eyeballs and advertisers) are countervailing. We investigate whether media innovation contributes to resolving the trade‐off between catering to both groups (or sides) and minimizing advertising nuisance. We identify an innovation threshold guiding the media platform on when to charge more eyeballs than advertisers, effectively reversing the standard divide‐and‐conquer pricing strategy. Moreover, we show that the media platform invests more in research and development (R&D) on the side with the strongest reference market, and we highlight the role of excessive inertia and momentum in shaping innovation. Furthermore, we find that when the relative advertising nuisance is low, the platform is less encouraged to innovate on both sides when the ad nuisance increases marginally. However, when the relative advertising nuisance is high, we infer an R&D see‐saw rule: a marginal increase in the ad nuisance reduces the R&D efforts undertaken on one side and increases those on the other. Our findings provide insights into the complex interplay between media platform innovation and pricing strategy in the presence of advertising nuisance and a challenging chicken‐and‐egg problem.
A posteriori error estimate of the weak Galerkin finite element method solving the Stokes problems on polytopal meshes
Authors: Xu Shipeng 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we propose an a posteriori error estimate of the weak Galerkin finite element method (WG‐FEM) solving the Stokes problems with variable coefficients. Its error estimator, based on the property of Stokes' law conservation, Helmholtz decomposition and bubble functions, yields global upper bound and local lower bound for the approximation error of the WG‐FEM. Error analysis is proved to be valid under the mesh assumptions of the WG‐FEM and the way can be extended to other FEMs with the property of Stokes' law conservation, for example, discontinuous Galerkin (DG) FEMs. Finally, we verify the performance of error estimator by performing a few numerical examples.
Linear quadratic zero‐sum game for time‐delayed uncertain stochastic systems
Authors: Chen Xin , Yuan Yue , Yuan Dongmei , Shao Yu 
Published: March 2024

SummaryThis study focuses on the analysis of a linear quadratic zero‐sum game (LQZSG) for time‐delayed uncertain stochastic systems. To begin, we introduce a general time‐delayed zero‐sum game. Employing an algebraic transformation method, we transform the time‐delayed zero‐sum game into an equivalent uncertain random zero‐sum game without time delay. Subsequently, we present equilibrium equations that streamline the transformation of the uncertain random zero‐sum game into problems solvable as deterministic difference equations. We then investigate the LQZSG involving a linear time‐delayed uncertain stochastic system with a quadratic objective function. Within this framework, we provide a unified framework for solving this type of game and obtaining the analytic expression for the saddle‐point equilibrium of the LQZSG. Additionally, we present a numerical example and a counter‐terrorism economic game to illustrate the applicability of our findings.
Algorithm‐Driven Tele‐otoscope for Remote Care for Patients With Otitis Media
Authors: Fang Te‐Yung , Lin Tse‐Yu , Shen Chung‐Min , Hsu Su‐Yi , Lin Shing‐Huey , Kuo Yu‐Jung , Chen Ming‐Hsu , Yin Tan‐Kuei , Liu Chih‐Hsien , Lo Men‐Tzung , Wang Pa‐Chun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe COVID‐19 pandemic has spurred a growing demand for telemedicine. Artificial intelligence and image processing systems with wireless transmission functionalities can facilitate remote care for otitis media (OM). Accordingly, this study developed and validated an algorithm‐driven tele‐otoscope system equipped with Wi‐Fi transmission and a cloud‐based automatic OM diagnostic algorithm.Study DesignProspective, cross‐sectional, diagnostic study.SettingTertiary Academic Medical Center.MethodsWe designed a tele‐otoscope (Otiscan, SyncVision Technology Corp) equipped with digital imaging and processing modules, Wi‐Fi transmission capabilities, and an automatic OM diagnostic algorithm. A total of 1137 otoscopic images, comprising 987 images of normal cases and 150 images of cases of acute OM and OM with effusion, were used as the dataset for image classification. Two convolutional neural network models, trained using our dataset, were used for raw image segmentation and OM classification.ResultsThe tele‐otoscope delivered images with a resolution of 1280 × 720 pixels. Our tele‐otoscope effectively differentiated OM from normal images, achieving a classification accuracy rate of up to 94% (sensitivity, 80%; specificity, 96%).ConclusionOur study demonstrated that the developed tele‐otoscope has acceptable accuracy in diagnosing OM. This system can assist health care professionals in early detection and continuous remote monitoring, thus mitigating the consequences of OM.
Failure mode analysis and prediction model of additively manufactured continuous carbon fiber‐reinforced polylactic acid
Authors: Yang Lei , Zhou Lei , Lin Yudong , Hu Yong , Yan Chunze , Shi Yusheng 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCarbon fiber‐reinforced composites are widely used in aerospace, rail transportation, and new energy vehicles due to their small specific gravity as well as good mechanical and chemical properties. Additive manufacturing of continuous carbon fiber‐reinforced polymer composites is an innovative composite manufacturing technique. In this paper, bending and shear specimens with different hatch spacing and layer thicknesses were prepared by fused filament fabrication (FFF) technique and subjected to three‐point bending experiments and interlayer shear experiments, respectively. The results showed that the maximum flexural strength and flexural modulus of the fabricated parts were 383.81 MPa and 41.23 GPa, respectively, and the maximum interlayer shear strength was 13.64 MPa. Finally, an optimized criterion for determining fiber kinking, fiber breakage, and matrix damage was proposed by considering in situ strength variations induced by process parameters. This new model was subsequently validated and could provide a method for fracture predicting of additive manufactured carbon fiber‐reinforced composites.Highlights
CCFRC parts with different porosities were prepared by adjusting the layer thickness and hatch spacing.
The bending and interlaminar shear damage mechanisms of CCFRC fabrications are revealed, and the effects of layer thickness and hatch spacing on their mechanical properties are investigated.
Introduction of additive manufacturing factors to optimize failure models for CCFRC parts.
Introduction of additive manufacturing coefficients to accurately predict the interlaminar shear strength of CCFRC parts by AM.
Synthesis and characterization of monodispersed silica‐based shear thickening fluid for impact resistance applications
Authors: Kumar Nitin , Bishnoi Swati , Ghosh Anup K. , Majumdar Abhijit , Pattanayek Sudip K. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractShear thickening fluid (STF), a highly concentrated mixture of nanosized silica particles in polyethylene glycol (PEG) is characterized by its quick transition to a stiff, solid‐like form under high shear rates. In this study, the modified Stöber synthesis approach was used for synthesizing the monodispersed spherical 300 nm silica nanoparticles. The rheological properties of the STF formulated using different silica loading were characterized. The Takshak model was tested to assess the rheological properties. The effect of the STFs on the impact resistance and yarn pull‐out force of the Kevlar® 802 fabric was determined. The uniformity in size of the silica nanoparticles facilitated more efficient packing within the fluid matrix, resulting in the formation of networks or structures that enhance shear thickening behavior. The STF with 70% silica exhibited the best peak viscosity of 45.8 Pa.s. Upon impregnation of this STF onto the Kevlar, a significantly high energy absorption (478.4%) compared to neat Kevlar, was observed. Moreover, the yarn pull‐out force for this system was found to be very high (435.8%). The reasons for the enhancement of the properties are explained. The novelty of this work lies in the synthesis of silica particles, analysis of the rheological properties, and interrelating the rheological properties with the characteristic parameters to define the impact characteristics. The improved properties underscore the suitability of synthesized STF for impact resistance applications.
Effect of processing parameter changes on mechanical properties during injection molding: Amorphous versus semi‐crystalline materials
Authors: Cai Kaiyu , O'Leary Travis , Mulyana Rachmat , Castro Jose M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractInjection molding is the most common method to mass‐produce plastic parts. The high cost and long lead time of traditional injection molding steel molds make 3D‐printed plastic molds a potential substitute for limited production runs and prototype parts. However, results suggest that for some materials, utilizing plastic molds (compared to metal molds) could decrease the mechanical properties of parts, especially the ductility. In order to better understand the issues with utilizing plastic molds, in this work, we use a design of experiments to investigate how the processing parameter changes affect mechanical properties by comparing a semi‐crystalline polypropylene and an amorphous polystyrene material in a metal mold for better control of the controllable variables. Results show that ductility is the most sensitive property to processing conditions, especially for polypropylene. Our analysis shows that the controllable variable that affects ductility the most is mold temperature, then packing pressure, and injection time.Highlights
3D‐printed plastic molds is a potential substitute for limited production runs.
Effects of processing parameters are analyzed through the design of experiments.
Ductility is the most sensitive property to processing conditions for the material studied.
Mold temperature is the most significant variable for ductility.
Virtual reality training versus conventional rehabilitation for chronic neck pain: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Hao Jie , He Zhengting , Chen Ziyan , Remis Andréas 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo identify, critically appraise, and quantitatively synthesize current randomized controlled trials to compare the effects of virtual reality and dose‐matched conventional exercises in patients with chronic neck pain.Literature SearchPubMed, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Scopus were searched for studies published prior to April 15, 2023. The search strategies combined controlled vocabularies and title/abstract keywords on search themes of virtual reality and neck pain.MethodsA systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials was conducted. Two independent reviewers conducted study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment. Methodological quality was assessed using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale. Meta‐analyses were performed using random‐effects models.SynthesisSix randomized controlled trials including 243 participants with chronic neck pain met the inclusion criteria. Four studies were evaluated as good quality and two as fair. Pooled analysis revealed that virtual reality demonstrated significantly better improvements in the Neck Disability Index in both the short term (mean difference [MD] = −2.16; 95% confidence interval [CI]: −3.50 to −0.82) and long term (MD = −2.95; 95% CI: −4.93 to −0.97), and pain intensity in the short term (MD = −0.94, 95% CI: −1.31 to −0.58). No significant between‐group differences were found in pain in the long term and kinesiophobia.ConclusionsVirtual reality is a promising intervention to address disability and pain in patients with chronic neck pain. This review supports the clinical significance of augmenting conventional exercise with virtual reality as part of conservative management of chronic neck pain.
Answering the Rehabilitation 2030 Call
Authors: Hillaker Emily , Bova Michael , Libby Jina , Tricarico Maria , Andrews Patrick , Scharf Rebecca 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn 2017, the World Health Organization initiated a global effort to improve rehabilitative services by 2030, with the overall goal of helping individuals with disabilities achieve maximal independence and improved well‐being. Though more than 1 billion people worldwide live with a disability, a significant portion do not have access to appropriate rehabilitative services. In low‐income countries, such as Zambia, where rehabilitative services are greatly lacking, disability can further exacerbate economic disparities in the context of personal, cultural, and environmental factors that limit participation in society. Therefore, expansion of rehabilitative services in low‐income countries is a pressing global need, and such efforts must be tailored to the societal and cultural framework in which they are implemented. Community‐based rehabilitation programs are uniquely poised to provide services in similar low‐to‐middle‐income countries as they eliminate travel barriers to care, allow for regular follow‐up, and address the societal determinants of disability by encouraging greater community engagement and by decreasing cultural stigma around disability. Special Hope Network (SHN), a community‐based rehabilitation organization in Lusaka, Zambia that serves families caring for children with physical and cognitive disabilities, represents a cost‐effective, sustainable, and culturally practical model to provide rehabilitative care. We propose this organization's model as one that can be reproduced and expanded upon in other low‐to‐middle‐income countries to answer the World Health Organization's call to action.
Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography can predict inpatient rehabilitation functional outcome in patients with stroke
Authors: Navalkar Nina , Sandefer Kristen , Nanavati Hely , Lin Chen 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundDespite advances in imaging techniques and treatment modalities, tools to predict recovery after stroke remain limited.ObjectiveTo determine if transcranial Doppler (TCD) mean flow velocities were predictive of functional recovery following ischemic stroke.MethodsData were collected from patients with stroke admitted to an academic tertiary care facility in the southeastern region of the United States between 2012 and 2019 who had a middle cerebral artery distribution ischemic stroke, TCD, and were discharged to our inpatient rehabilitation facility. Mean flow velocities were categorized as low (<40 cm/s), normal (40–80 cm/s), or high (>80 cm/s). Functional Independence Measure (FIM) scores were collected on admission to and discharge from inpatient rehabilitation. Multiple linear regression models were used to assess the differences in mean FIM score changes by categories of mean flow velocities.ResultsWe enrolled 57 patients, mean age 60 years, 73.7% male. Compared to the normal velocity group, those with abnormally low velocities had a significantly smaller change in their FIM score (adjusted β = −8.42; p = .01). Compared to the normal velocity group, those with abnormally high velocities experienced a greater change in FIM score, but this association was not statistically significant (beta = 1.12; p = .77).ConclusionsIn this limited population, we found that low mean flow velocity as measured by TCD ultrasonography after a middle cerebral artery stroke is associated with poorer functional recovery following inpatient rehabilitation. Our results suggest that the value of TCD ultrasonography as a tool to predict motor recovery after stroke warrants further investigation.
ATS core curriculum 2023. Pediatric pulmonary medicine: Respiratory disorders in infants
Authors: Leon‐Astudillo Carmen , Dy Fei J. , McCown Michael Y. , Perez Iris A. , Chhabra Divya , Bansal Manvi , Maloney Melissa A. , Bedoya Mariana , Ezmigna Dima , Bush Douglas , Okorie Caroline U. A. , Gross Jane E. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe American Thoracic Society Core Curriculum updates clinicians annually in pediatric pulmonary disease. This is a summary of the Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine Core Curriculum presented at the 2023 American Thoracic Society International Conference. The respiratory disorders of infancy discussed in this year's review include: the care of the patient with bronchopulmonary dysplasia in the neonatal intensive care unit, clinical phenotypes and comorbidities; diffuse lung disease; pulmonary hypertension; central and obstructive sleep apnea. The care of infants with respiratory disorders often poses significant challenges to the general pediatric pulmonologist, sleep clinician, and neonatologist. This review aims to highlight the most clinically relevant aspects of the evaluation, management, and outcomes of infants with these key respiratory disorders, while emphasizing the importance of multidisciplinary care. Furthermore, this document summarizes essential aspects of genetic testing, novel imaging and treatment modalities, and includes multiple resources for clinical practice.
Clinical validation of circulating GDF15/MIC‐1 as a marker of response to docetaxel and survival in men with metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Mahon Kate L. , Sutherland Sarah IM , Lin Hui Ming , Stockler Martin R. , Gurney Howard , Mallesara Girish , Briscoe Karen , Marx Gavin , Higano Celestia S. , de Bono Johann S. , Chi Kim N. , Clark Georgina , Breit Samuel N. , Brown David A. , Horvath Lisa G. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundElevated circulating growth differentiation factor (GDF15/MIC‐1), interleukin 4 (IL4), and IL6 levels were associated with resistance to docetaxel in an exploratory cohort of men with metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). This study aimed to establish level 2 evidence of cytokine biomarker utility in mCRPC.MethodsIntVal: Plasma samples at baseline (BL) and Day 21 docetaxel (n = 120). ExtVal: Serum samples at BL and Day 42 of docetaxel (n = 430). IL4, IL6, and GDF15 levels were measured by ELISA. Monocytes and dendritic cells were treated with 10% plasma from men with high or low GDF15 or recombinant GDF15.ResultsIntVal: Higher GDF15 levels at BL and Day 21 were associated with shorter overall survival (OS) (BL; p = 0.03 and Day 21; p = 0.004). IL4 and IL6 were not associated with outcomes. ExtVal: Higher GDF15 levels at BL and Day 42 predicted shorter OS (BL; p < 0.0001 and Day 42; p < 0.0001). Plasma from men with high GDF15 caused an increase in CD86 expression on monocytes (p = 0.03), but was not replicated by recombinant GDF15.ConclusionsElevated circulating GDF15 is associated with poor prognosis in men with mCRPC receiving docetaxel and may be a marker of changes in the innate immune system in response to docetaxel resistance. These findings provide a strong rationale to consider GDF15 as a biomarker to guide a therapeutic trial of drugs targeting the innate immune system in combination with docetaxel in mCRPC.
Comparisons of steady‐state optimal EWMA and DEWMA charts
Authors: Rigdon Steven E. , Champ Charles W. , Knoth Sven 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe double EWMA (DEWMA) has been proposed as a more efficient control charting procedure for monitoring the mean of a process. Comparisons of the DEWMA and the EWMA charts, which often indicate the superiority of the DEWMA, are often flawed because the same smoothing constant is used in both charts. We take the approach of first selecting a shift that we would like to detect, and then compare the optimal DEWMA chart and the optimal EWMA chart for that particular shift. We consider the DEWMA chart whose smoothing constants are restricted to be the same and the general DEWMA. We find that there are situations where the optimal DEWMA outperforms, in the sense of a shorter out‐of‐control average run length (ARL) for a fixed in‐control ARL, but the improvement is slight. The optimal EWMA chart usually performs much better than the optimal DEWMA chart when the actual shift differs from the shift used to optimize the chart. The poor performance of the DEWMA chart away from the shift for which it was optimized, the nonmonotonicity of the DEWMA weights, and the additional computations required of the DEWMA chart indicate that the EWMA is a better overall choice than the DEWMA chart.