bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Towards an objective, standardized beta frequency peak detection algorithm to inform adaptive deep brain stimulation programming in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Thompson John , Baker Sunderland , Radcliffe Erin , Kramer Daniel , Ojemann Steven , Case Michelle , Zarns Caleb , Holt-Becker Abbey , Raike Robert , Baumgartner Alexander , Kern Drew 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Oscillatory activity within the beta frequency range (13-30Hz) serves as a Parkinson’s disease biomarker for tailoring deep brain stimulation (DBS) treatments. Currently, identifying clinically relevant beta signals, specifically frequencies of peak amplitudes within the beta spectral band, is a subjective process. To inform potential strategies for objective clinical decision making, we assessed algorithms for identifying beta peaks and devised a standardized approach for both research and clinical applications. Employing a novel monopolar referencing strategy, we utilized a brain sensing device to measure beta peak power across distinct contacts along each DBS electrode implanted in the subthalamic nucleus. We then evaluated the accuracy of ten beta peak detection algorithms, both existing and new, against a benchmark established by expert consensus. The most accurate algorithms matched the expert consensus in performance and reliably predicted the clinical stimulation parameters during follow-up visits. These findings highlight the potential of algorithmic solutions to overcome the subjective bias in beta peak identification, presenting viable options for standardizing this process. Such advancements could lead to significant improvements in the efficiency and accuracy of patient-specific DBS therapy parameterization.
The complete chloroplast genome sequence of the medicinal plant Ardisia crispa (Myrsinaceae)
Authors: Ye Juan , Luo Qin , Lang Yun-hu , Ding Ning , Jian Ying-quan , Wu Zhi-kun , Wei Sheng-hua , Yan Fu-lin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Ardisia crispa, a member of the Myrsinaceae family, possesses significant horticultural and medicinal properties as an ethnomedicine. The study aimed to analyze the chloroplast genome of A. crispa and compare it with other Ardisia species, revealing a length of 156,785 bp with a quadripartite structure and 131 genes, including 86 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes, and 8 rRNA genes. Furthermore, 59 simple sequence repeat (SSR) sites were identified in the genome. Examination of codon usage within the chloroplast genome indicated a greater inclination towards A/U nucleotides over G/C nucleotides, with leucine displaying the highest frequency among amino acids. The chloroplast genomes of the nine Ardisia species demonstrate conserved gene content and quantity, presenting more consistent boundaries and decreased variability. In the phylogenetic tree, A. crispa is clustered with A. crispa var dielsii, suggesting a close relationship with A. mamillata and A. pedalis. This study involved the construction and analysis of the chloroplast genome structure of A. crispa, as well as phylogenetic analysis using extensive chloroplast genome sequence data from Ardisia plants. This research is crucial for understanding the genetic basis of A. crispa and the adaptive evolution within the Ardisia genus.
Utilization of cocoa pod husk (Theobroma cacao L.) for production of microencapsulated powder rich in alkaloids
Authors: Nguyen Van Tang , Tran Thi Huynh Nhu , Pham Chau An 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

This study aimed to utilize cocoa pod husk (CPH) and various encapsulating materials (maltodextrin, gum Arabic, and chitosan) for production of microencapsulated powder rich in alkaloids. Physicochemical properties in terms of moisture content (MC), water activity (aw), water soluble index (WSI), density and morphology, bioactive compounds including total alkaloids content (TAC), total phenolics content (TPC), total flavonoids content (TFC) and total saponins content (TSC), as well as antioxidant activity comprising ABTS/DPPH radical scavenging capacity (ARSC/DRSC) and ferric/cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (FRAP/CUPRAC) of powder rich in alkaloids from the CPH extract without and with microencapsulation were then analyzed and compared. The results showed that the MC and aw of microencapsulated powders (4.78 to 5.88% and 0.46 to 0.51, respectively) were lower than those of powder without microencapsulation (9.64% and 0.54, respectively). Use of maltodextrin and gum Arabic (9:1 w/w) as the wall materials for microencapsulation of the CPH extract obtained the greatest levels of TPC, TFC, TSC, DRSC, FRAP and CUPRAC (14.91 mg GAE, 22.69 mg CE, 113.21 mg EE, 24.59, 2.92 and 92.68 mg TE per g dried sample, respectively), while use of 100% maltodextrin resulted in the maximum amounts of TAC and ARSC (646.96 mg AE/g dried sample and 36.27 mg TE/g dried sample, respectively). Based on the obtained results, the mixture of maltodextrin and gum Arabic (9:1 w/w) as the wall materials was recommended to microencapsulate the alkaloids-enriched CPH extract for potential application in the nutraceutical and functional food industries.
Enhanced Contact Performance of High-Brightness Micro- LEDs via ITO/Al Anode Stack and Annealing Process
Authors: Meng Zeyang , Lu Chaoyu , Wang Guanghua , Gao Sibo , Deng Feng , Zhang Jie , Gao Shuxiong , Yang Wenyun 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Micro-light-emitting diodes (Micro-LEDs) are a new type of display device based on the third-generation semiconductor gallium nitride (GaN) material which stands out for its high luminous efficiency, elevated brightness, short response times, and high reliability. The contact between anode layers and P-GaN is one of the keys to improving the performance of the devices. This study investigates the impact of electrode structure design and optimized annealing conditions on the anode contact performance of devices. The Micro-LED device with the size of 9.1μm whose electrode structure is ITO/Ti/Al/Ni/Cr/Pt/Au (100/50/350/100/500/500/5000Å) exhibits a significant improvement in contact performance after annealing under the Ar gas atmosphere at 500° C for 5 minutes. The optimized device exhibited a current of 10.9mA and a brightness of 298628cd/m2 under 5V.
State-of-the-art Sleep Arousal Detection Evaluated on a Comprehensive Clinical Dataset
Authors: Ehrlich Franz , Sehr Tony , Brandt Moritz , Schmidt Martin , Malberg Hagen , Sedlmayr Martin , Goldammer Miriam 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Aiming to apply automatic arousal detection to support sleep laboratories, we evaluated an optimized, state-of-the-art approach using data from daily work in our university hospital sleep laboratory. Therefore, a machine learning algorithm was trained and evaluated on 3423 polysomnograms of people suffering from various sleep disorders. The model architecture is a U-net that accepts 50 Hz signals as input. We compared this algorithm with models trained on publicly available datasets, and evaluated these models using our clinical dataset, particularly with regard to the effects of different sleep disorders. In an effort to evaluate clinical relevance, we designed a metric based on the error of the predicted arousal index. Our models achieve an area under the precision recall curve (AUPRC) of up to 0.83 and F1 scores of up to 0.81. The model trained on our data showed no age or gender bias and no significant negative effect regarding sleep disorders on model performance compared to healthy sleep. In contrast, models trained on public datasets showed a small to moderate negative effect (calculated using Cohen's d) of sleep disorders on model performance. Therefore, we conclude that state-of-the-art arousal detection on our clinical data is possible with our model architecture. Thus, our results support the general recommendation to use a clinical dataset for training if the model is to be applied to clinical data.
The CLCF1-CNTFR axis drives an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and blockade enhances the effects of established cancer therapies
Authors: Sweet-Cordero Eric , Marini Kieren , Champion Emma , Lee Alex , Young Isabelle , Leung Stanley , Mathey-Andrews Nicolas , Jacks Tyler , Jackson Peter , Cochran Jennifer 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Tumors comprise a complex ecosystem consisting of many cell types that communicate through secreted factors. Targeting these intercellular signaling networks remains an important challenge in cancer research. Cardiotrophin-like cytokine factor 1 (CLCF1) is an interleukin-6 (IL-6) family member secreted by cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) that binds to ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor (CNTFR), promoting tumor growth in lung and liver cancer1,2. A high-affinity soluble receptor (eCNTFR-Fc) that sequesters CLCF1 has anti-oncogenic effects3. However, the role of CLCF1 in mediating cell-cell interactions in cancer has remained unclear. We demonstrate that eCNTFR–Fc has widespread effects on both tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment and can sensitize cancer cells to KRAS inhibitors or immune checkpoint blockade. After three weeks of treatment with eCNTFR-Fc, there is a shift from an immunosuppressive to an immunostimulatory macrophage phenotype as well as an increase in activated T, NKT, and NK cells. Combination of eCNTFR-Fc and αPD1 was significantly more effective than single-agent therapy in a syngeneic allograft model, and eCNTFR-Fc sensitizes tumor cells to αPD1 in a non-responsive GEM model of lung adenocarcinoma. These data suggest that combining eCNTFR-Fc with KRAS inhibition or with αPD1 is a novel therapeutic strategy for lung cancer and potentially other cancers in which these therapies have been used but to date with only modest effect. Overall, we demonstrate the potential of cancer therapies that target cytokines to alter the immune microenvironment.
A Human Brain Map of Mitochondrial Respiratory Capacity and Diversity
Authors: Picard Martin , Mosharov Eugene , Rosenberg Ayelet , Monzel Anna , Osto Corey , Stiles Linsey , Rosoklija Gorazd , Dwork Andrew , Bindra Snehal , Zhang Ya , Fujita Masashi , Mariani Madeline , Bakalian Mihran , Sulzer David , De Jager Philip , Menon Vilas , Shirihai Orian , Mann John , Underwood Mark , Boldrini Maura , de Schotten Michel Thiebaut 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) powers brain activity1,2, and mitochondrial defects are linked to neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders3,4, underscoring the need to define the brain’s molecular energetic landscape5–10. To bridge the cognitive neuroscience and cell biology scale gap, we developed a physical voxelization approach to partition a frozen human coronal hemisphere section into 703 voxels comparable to neuroimaging resolution (3x3x3 mm). In each cortical and subcortical brain voxel, we profiled mitochondrial phenotypes including OxPhos enzyme activities, mitochondrial DNA and volume density, and mitochondria-specific respiratory capacity. We show that the human brain contains a diversity of mitochondrial phenotypes driven by both topology and cell types. Compared to white matter, grey matter contains >50% more mitochondria. We show that the more abundant grey matter mitochondria also are biochemically optimized for energy transformation, particularly among recently evolved cortical brain regions. Scaling these data to the whole brain, we created a backward linear regression model integrating several neuroimaging modalities11, thereby generating a brain-wide map of mitochondrial distribution and specialization that predicts mitochondrial characteristics in an independent brain region of the same donor brain. This new approach and the resulting MitoBrainMap of mitochondrial phenotypes provide a foundation for exploring the molecular energetic landscape that enables normal brain functions, relating it to neuroimaging data, and defining the subcellular basis for regionalized brain processes relevant to neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders.
Covid-19 Vaccine Uptake and Associated Factors Among Adult Residents in Fitche Town, North Shewa Oromia, Ethiopia, 2022: Using Health Belief Model
Authors: Hussein Dursa , Taye Debeba , Geleta Tinsae Abeya , Ibrahim Seifu Mohammed , Lakew Meron Seyoum , Teressa Beka , Oyato Befekadu Tesfaye , Birhanu Belete 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
The new coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11, 2020. More than 90% of countries, including Ethiopia, have encountered vaccine hesitancy, which can seriously threaten the successful implementation of vaccination campaigns with low coverage in Africa. This study aimed to determine the use of COVID-19 vaccines and identify associated factors among adult residents in Fitche Town, Ethiopia.
Objective
To assess COVID-19 vaccine uptake and associated factors among adult residents in Fitche town, Oromia, Ethiopia, 2022.
Methods
This community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from October 5–30, 2022, among the adult population of Fiche town residents. Face-to-face interviews were administered via a structured questionnaire. The data were downloaded to Excel from the Kobo toolbox and subsequently exported to SPSS version 26 for analysis. Variables with a P value < 0.25 in the bivariate analysis were included in the multivariable logistic regression model. The degree of association was expressed using an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of < 0.05.
Results
With a 98.7% response rate, a median age of 35 years and an interquartile range of 60 years, the overall magnitude of COVID-19 vaccine uptake for at least one dose of any vaccine type among adult residents was 46.3% (95% CI; 42.3–50.2%). Respondents who were tested for COVID-19 [AOR = 1.86; 95% CI (1.088–3.170)], those who have family members or friends got vaccinated [AOR = 2.00; 95%CI (1.174–3.427)], had positive attitude towards COVID-19 vaccine[AOR = 2.37; 95% CI (1.372–4.101)],those who were high perceived susceptible [AOR = 4.9; 95% CI (2.647–9.194)], perceived high benefit [AOR = 5.2; 95% CI (2.197–12.385)] and those who had high clue to action [AOR = 2.3; 95% CI (1.270–4.192)] have significant association with COVID-19-vaccine uptake.
Conclusion
COVID-19 vaccine uptake among adult residents in Fitche Town was less than the level of herd immunity needed. Occupation status, ever being tested for COVID-19, friends or family members vaccinated for COVID-19, attitude towards COVID-19, perceived susceptibility, perceived benefit and cue to action were predictors of COVID-19 vaccine uptake at least once for any type of COVID-19 vaccine. The Fitche Town Health Office and stakeholders should mobilize, vaccinate and activate towards COVID-19 vaccine uptake.
Stroke risk factors and outcomes in Trinidad and Tobago: The START study
Authors: Seecheran Naveen Anand , Maharaj Nicole , Swarath Steven , Maharajh Anujh , Gowrie-Sankar Sesh , Charles Racquel , Lobin Rekha , Richard Srivane , Battersby Stephanie , Rohit Krystelle , Nanan Shenelle , Rohit Kerryn , Maharaj Ravi , Lalla Arianne , Juman Zahra , Thackoorcharan Sheri , Bissram Satesh , Frederick Jean-Marie , Ramcharan Priya , Seecheran Valmiki , Seecheran Rajeev , Peram Lakshmipatti , Motilal Shastri , Giddings Stanley , Sandy Sherry , Ramlackhansingh Anil , Maraj Nicholas , Panday Avidesh 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Introduction:
This study aimed to assess the risk factors and outcomes of stroke and transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) at an academic tertiary medical center in Trinidad and Tobago.
Methods
This prospective cohort observational study evaluated 546 patients admitted with strokes and TIAs at the Eric Williams Medical Sciences Complex (EWMSC) from January 2023 to January 2024. Participants’ comorbidities, medications, and neuroimaging findings were recorded. Morbidity and survival outcomes utilizing the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) were assessed during their inpatient status and at three months post-hospitalization.
Results
The average age represented was 65 years, with 56% males. Seventy-five percent of patients had a stroke, with ischemic being more common than hemorrhagic. The in-hospital mortality rate was 16%, and the 3-month mortality rate was 26%. Gender was associated with an increased risk of having a stroke compared to a TIA (p-value 0.036). Chronic kidney disease (CKD) was associated with an increased odds of hemorrhagic stroke (p-value 0.02). Diabetes mellitus (DM) (p-value < 0.05), subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) (p-value < 0.05), intraparenchymal hemorrhage (IPH) (p-value < 0.001) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) infarct (p-value < 0.001) were predictors of in-hospital and 3-month mortality. Atrial fibrillation (AF) (p-value 0.031) was a predictor of in-hospital mortality. Age (p-value 0.004), heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) (p-value 0.032) and anterior cerebral artery (ACA) infarct (p-value < 0.001) were predictors of 3-month mortality. Age was positively correlated with mRS (p-value 0.013). Ischemic stroke had a median mRS of 3, while hemorrhagic stroke had a median mRS of 5 (p-value < 0.001).
Conclusion
This study demonstrated high-risk subgroups, morbidity and mortality outcomes in patients with stroke in Trinidad. Conventional risk factors such as age, CKD, DM, AF, and HFrEF with specific neuroradiologic findings (SAH, IPH, MCA and ACA infarcts) were all negative prognosticators with poor outcomes in stroke patients in Trinidad. This information may be clinically pertinent in devising comprehensive strategies to attenuate stroke burden. Further, large-scale prospective studies are required to confirm these epidemiologic results.
Trial registration number:
NCT05256550. This study was prospectively registered.
Automated analysis of high-resolution lidar traces large-scale medieval urbanism in highland Central Asia
Authors: Frachetti Michael , Berner Jack , Liu Jason , Henry Edward , Ju Tao , Maksudov Farhod 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Aerial lidar (light detection and ranging) has emerged as a powerful technology for mapping archaeological urban landscapes, especially where dense vegetation obscures site visibility1,2. More recently, drone-based data recovery has drastically improved the resolution of lidar point clouds, allowing for slight traces of ancient structural features to be computationally detected at centimeters of detail across large sites, particularly in contexts of dynamic erosion such as mountains, where shifting soils irregularly bury and expose archaeological remains. Here we present the results of the first aerial (drone) lidar surveys conducted in Central Asia, collected at two newly discovered medieval sites in southeastern Uzbekistan: Tashbulak and Tugunbulak. Situated at elevations between 2000-2300 m.a.s.l, these urban sites illustrate a newly documented geography of large, high-altitude cities along the mountainous crossroads of Asia’s medieval Silk Routes (8th to 11th c. CE)3,4. Although hidden by centuries of erosion and sedimentation, our pairing of very high-resolution surface modeling with automated feature analysis produces a detailed plan of monumental architecture and fortifications spanning 120 hectares at Tugunbulak, revealing one of Central Asia's largest, high-altitude urban constellations documented above 2000 m.a.s.l.
Single-cell Transcriptomics of Postimplantation Embryos: Unveiling Aneuploidy Effects and Lineage Dynamics
Authors: Kwok Sheila Yat Sze , Haham Lilach Marom , Russell Stewart , Balakier Hanna , Chen Siwei , Viotti Manuel , Madjunkova Svetlana , Madjunkova Svetlana , Librach Clifford 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Transfer of aneuploid human embryos, as defined by the presence of > 80% cells with an abnormal chromosome complement, is clinically associated with pregnancy loss or congenital abnormalities. However, the transfer of diploid-aneuploid mosaic embryos can lead to healthy live births, indicating the early presence of aneuploid cells might not necessarily compromise embryo developmental competence. Currently, a comprehensive investigation of the molecular mechanisms determining post-implantation aneuploid cell fates is lacking. Here, we leverage cutting-edge human embryo extended culture techniques and single-cell omics to reveal global ploidy-specific transcriptomic signatures in post-implantation human embryos. We integrate cell demultiplexing and copy number variation calling to characterize diverse embryo cell populations. Differential expression and interactome analyses reveal that different intra-embryo environments facilitate distinct gene expression patterns related to energy expenditure, proteostasis, and DNA damage repair in the aneuploid cells. We observe temporary adaptive stress responses in homogeneous aneuploid embryos, whereas key machinery contributing to cell fitness is suppressed in aneuploid cells from mosaic embryos. Our findings point to a diminished survival advantage in aneuploid cells within post-implantation mosaic embryos, leading to self-correction by aneuploid cell depletion.
Cytology of a seminoma in a koi carp (Cyprinus carpio): a rapid diagnostic tool
Authors: Pigoli Claudio , Ghisleni Gabriele , Armando Federico , Grieco Valeria , Ghidelli Andrea , Brambilla Eleonora , Brambilla Eleonora 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Koi carp (Cyprinus carpio) is an ornamental variety of common carp frequently kept as pets. Since their long lifespan, neoplasia, albeit rare, may occur in these animals, and only a few studies have faced their cytological diagnosis. In the present case, a koi carp was referred to the clinicians due to coelomic swelling. The carp underwent surgery, which revealed an enlargement of both removed testes. Testicular samples were cytologically and histologically examined. The lesion was diagnosed as a seminoma since it was composed of round, large, atypical, and often multinucleated cells with round central nuclei and moderate cytoplasm. These tumors had the same appearance as seminomas in mammals and should be considered among differential diagnoses when coelomic swelling occurs in koi carp. Seminomas in koi carp are diagnosed histologically, but cytology, a rapid and cheap exam executable in all veterinary clinical facilities, could be a relevant preliminary diagnostic tool that may influence the entire diagnostic process.
Seismic response analysis of the suspension core-tube structure
Authors: Li Hui , Liu Dewen , Guo Zhongfa , Huo Yiran , Luo Xiaoxuan , Lei Min 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Suspension structures have great artistic value and usable value. In this paper, the suspension core-tube structure is studied. Firstly, modal analysis of it and the frame core-tube structure as well as their base seismic isolation structures is carried out to explore the self-vibration characteristics and seismic isolation effect of the structures. Secondly, the nonlinear time-history analysis of the four structures under the action of rare earthquakes in the X, Y, and Z directions is carried out, and their inter-story drift angles, inter-story shear forces, base shear forces, maximum accelerations at the apex of the core-tube, and cantilever beam stresses are analyzed comparatively. Finally, the displacements and loads of the energy dissipators, the maximum horizontal displacements and tensile and compressive stresses of the seismic isolation bearings are analyzed to evaluate the performance of both of them under rare earthquakes. The results show that the frame core-tube structure and the suspension core-tube structure with base seismic isolation bearings can provide good control of their inter-story drift angles and internal forces, etc. The suspension core-tube structure is better than the frame core-tube structure in self-vibration characteristics and controlling the maximum acceleration response at the apex of the core-tube.