bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Green synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles using the mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) leaf extract: Comparative preliminary in vitro antibacterial study
Authors: Chan Yu Bin , Aminuzzaman Mohammod , Rahman Md. Khalilur , Win Yip Foo , Sultana Sabiha , Cheah Shi-Yan , Watanabe Akira , Wong Ling Shing , Guha Samar Kumar , Djearamane Sinovassane , Rajendran Venkatachalam , Akhtaruzzaman Md. , Tey Lai-Hock 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In the realm of public health, the rising threat caused by bacteria resistant to many drugs is a critical concern. In this work, we used the aqueous extract of mangosteen leaves to create zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) in an environmentally friendly manner. Through various analytical methods, we thoroughly characterized these biogenic ZnO NPs, including UV−visible, Fourier transform infrared, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, field emission-scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray and high resolution-transmission electron microscopy. ZnO NPs showed distinctive properties among different characterization techniques, including a small energy bandgap of 2.80 eV, a porous, a minimum crystalline size of 16.99 nm, an average particle size of 14.21 nm, and a spherical nanostructure. Additionally, we performed preliminary antibacterial experiments to assess ZnO NPs, copper oxide (CuO) NPs, and ZnO–CuO nanocomposites for antibacterial activity. Interestingly, ZnO NPs showed significant potential in suppressing the growth of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC BAA-1026, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, and Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 13883, with decreasing order of minimum inhibitory concentrations: S. aureus = B. subtilis (15.63 μg·mL−1) > E. coli (62.50 μg·mL−1) > K. pneumoniae (125.00 μg·mL−1). These results highlight the potential of biogenic NPs, particularly ZnO NPs, as effective agents against multi-drug-resistant bacteria.
Party games and prejudice: are these Cards Against Humanity?
Authors: Olah Andrew R. , Dillard Ashley M. , Gomez Stephanie J. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Two experiments assess the validity of common criticisms against the popular party game Cards Against Humanity (CAH), namely that it promotes prejudice while absolving players of any moral responsibility. Study 1a (based on Prejudiced Norm Theory) finds no evidence that sexist humor in CAH encourages men to express prejudice against women. However, Study 1b (based on Social Identity Theory) provides evidence that sexist humor in CAH cues women to anticipate such discrimination. CAH’s reputation does not appear to contribute to these results. Exploratory analyses further reveal that, consistent with criticisms, people do allocate moral responsibility for offense differently in CAH than in traditional verbal exchanges of humor; however, this moral allocation is generally unrelated to prejudiced outcomes. Implications and future directions for refining these theories and understanding the intergroup functions of humor in party games are discussed in light of the studies’ mixed support of CAH’s criticisms.
Kalman filter with impulse noised outliers: a robust sequential algorithm to filter data with a large number of outliers
Authors: Cloez Bertrand , Fontez Bénédicte , González-García Eliel , Sanchez Isabelle 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Impulse noised outliers are data points that differ significantly from other observations. They are generally removed from the data set through local regression or the Kalman filter algorithm. However, these methods, or their generalizations, are not well suited when the number of outliers is of the same order as the number of low-noise data (often called nominal measurement). In this article, we propose a new model for impulsed noise outliers. It is based on a hierarchical model and a simple linear Gaussian process as with the Kalman Filter. We present a fast forward-backward algorithm to filter and smooth sequential data and which also detects these outliers. We compare the robustness and efficiency of this algorithm with classical methods. Finally, we apply this method on a real data set from a Walk Over Weighing system admitting around 60 % of outliers. For this application, we further develop an (explicit) EM algorithm to calibrate some algorithm parameters.
Apple mechanical damage mechanism and harvesting test platform design
Authors: Hou Junming , Ma Zhi , Liu Xu , Chen Siyu , Tang Ziyuan , Jin Jiuyu , Yu Yachen , Wang Wei 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Apple is easily damaged in the process of the mechanical harvesting, which reduces the fruit’s quality. It is of great significance to study the damage principle of apple in the transport process of picking platform. In this study, the apple compression test was carried out. The compression and drop process of the fruit was analyzed by the finite element analysis (FEA). The experimental platform of apple harvesting was designed, the conveying process of apple was analyzed. The results of compression finite element analysis showed that when the compression force is greater than 15.0 N, both radial compression and axial compression will be damaged. The results of drop finite element analysis showed that when the drop direction is axial, the maximum contact stress of the peel and kernel decreases with the increase of drop angle, the maximum contact stress of the pulp increases first and then decreases. When the drop direction is radial, the maximum contact stress between pulp and kernel decreases with the increase of drop angle, the maximum contact stress of the peel first decreases and then increases. The simulation results of the harvesting platform transportation showed that the damage rate of apples is less than 10 % when the sub-conveyor belt speed is 0.02 m–0.04 m/s. This study can provide theoretical guidance for the design of the harvesting test platform and the reduction of the damage of apples during transportation.
Mainstreaming and Defamiliarizing the Rapture:The LeftoversReadsLeft Behind
Authors: Walsh Richard G. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe popularLeft Behindseries has been credited with mainstreaming dispensational premillennialism, or fragments of that ideology, in U.S. popular culture. The less popular, but critically acclaimed HBO seriesThe Leftovers, based on the novel of the same name by Tom Perrotta, attests to the ideology’s popularity while defamiliarizing its notions of Rapture and Messiah/Antichrist. WhileLeft Behindapologizes for the ideology and strives to make the metanarrative’s identity attractive, entertaining, and thrilling,The Leftoverstakes a “not quite” Rapture as its “what if” fictional starting point. The result embraces mystery, rather than apologetic certainty, and ordinary human life, rather than the supernatural. Fulfilled prophecy becomes confusion, coping, and possibly delusion. The metanarrative becomes unstuck fragments. Election (exceptional national and individual identities), miracle, and messiah are demythologized. Theodicy occurs only on a human level. At the same time, however,The Leftoverstakes its “what if” seriously and sympathetically. Despite skepticism, its characters also understand the appeal of Rapture, Messiah, and the like as they too look for something sacred.
Chronologie der Manuskripte 1885–89. Nachtrag zu KGW IX
Authors: Röllin Beat 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Chronology of the Manuscripts 1885–89. Appendix to KGW IX. After the completion of the topological manuscript edition in section IX of the Kritische Gesamtausgabe der Werke (KGW IX), the additional chronological indexing of the late Nachlass remained a desideratum. The current manuscript closes this editorial gap. As an appendix to KGW IX, the chronology of the manuscripts 1885–89 provides the date for each distinguishable layer of inscription for every manuscript and note edited in KGW IX. In the first part of the following chronology, the dated inscription layers for all late manuscripts from notebook N VII 1 to the scattered notes are recorded topologically. In the second part, the inscription layers are indexed chronologically from spring 1885 to the beginning of January 1889.
Imaging the mechanical properties of nanowire arrays
Authors: Ma Tianran , Fahrbach Michael , Xu Jiushuai , Anang Frank Eric Boye , Vergin Maximilian , Meierhofer Florian , Brand Uwe , Waag Andreas , Peiner Erwin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Dimensional and contact resonance (CR) images of nanowire (NW) arrays (NWAs) are measured using our newly developed microprobe CR imaging (CRI) setup. Then a reference method is employed to calculate the indentation modulus of NWs (M

i,NW
) representing the elasticity of NWs, by measuring NWAs and reference samples at the same static probing force. Furthermore, topography is imaged in combination with CR and M

i,NW
separately by software, in which the z values indicate the topography of the NWs and the color bars show its CR or M

i,NW
. Then NWs’ topography relation to M

i,NW
is visualized. As typical examples, 3D imaging of topography and measurement of M

i,NW
is performed with Si<111> pillar arrays as well as Cu and ZnO NWAs. The novel method enables fast mechanical performance measurements of large-scale vertically-aligned NWAs without releasing them from their respective substrates. For instance, the diameter and pitch of the Si<111> pillars and the diameter of the Cu NWAs are in good agreement with the values measured by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The position of ZnO NWs bunches grown at arbitrary sites on silicon can be identified with the help of combined topography and indentation modulus images. Furthermore, M

i,NW
measured by our homemade CRI setup agrees well with bulk values. Differences between the measured M

i,NW
and bulk M

i
values may be related to a size effect in NW elasticity.
Strategien zur Abmilderung von Overcrowding-Effekten im ländlichen Raum – Eine Fallstudie für das Tölzer Land
Authors: Kästl Andrea , Firgo Matthias 
Published: April 2024

Zusammenfassung
Maßnahmen gegen Overcrowding wurden hauptsächlich im Kontext urbaner Destinationen entwickelt und erforscht. Für ländliche Räume in der Nähe von Ballungsräumen, die spätestens seit der beiden Covid-Sommer 2020/21 und an vielen Wochenenden stark von Overcrowding durch Tagesgäste betroffen sind, liegen zu diesem Thema bisher kaum Forschungsarbeiten vor. Im Rahmen einer Fallstudie für das Tölzer Land wurden 129 Strategien und Maßnahmen aus der Literatur gesammelt, die für den urbanen Raum und für Schutzgebiete entwickelt wurden, und ihre Anwendbarkeit im ländlichen Raum überprüft. Ein Abgleich mit den bereits umgesetzten und angedachten Maßnahmen in der Destination ergab, dass sich die Konzepte weitgehend auf den ländlichen Raum übertragen lassen und auch hier geeignet sind den negativen Effekten von Overcrowding entgegenzuwirken.
‘Global Bukovina’: Gunther Teubner’s Homage to Eugen Ehrlich
Authors: Rabault Hugues 
Published: April 2024

AbstractGunther Teubner’s theory of transnational, globalised and fragmented law is founded on the polycentric emergence of law in the context of social interactions. This article examines the link, established by Gunther Teubner himself, between his understanding and Eugen Ehrlich’s theory of ‘living law’. This link is analysed as the result of an opposition between two fundamental paradigms of legal theory: the ‘creationist’ understanding and the ‘evolutionist’ understanding of law. Gunther Teubner’s homage to Eugen Ehrlich contributes to revealing the critical power and current relevance of the thought of this founder of legal sociology. Based on the theories defended today by Gunther Teubner, Eugen Ehrlich’s work thus still seems useful for thinking about the contemporary state of law.
Crystal chemistry, Raman and FTIR spectroscopy, optical absorption, and luminescence study of Fe-dominant sogdianite
Authors: Kaneva Ekaterina , Belozerova Olga , Radomskaya Tatiana , Shendrik Roman 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Fe-dominant sogdianite, a cyclosilicate compound with the chemical formula (Fe3+
0.74Zr0.64Ti0.46 Al0.15)(□1.02Na0.98)K[Li3Si12O30], was studied. The investigation involved a comprehensive analysis of the mineral sample, including crystal-chemical analysis, Raman and FTIR spectroscopy, optical absorption, and luminescence study. Crystallographic site populations were determined through single crystal structure refinement and electron probe microanalysis. The thermoelastic behavior of a powder was studied using in situ high-temperature X-ray diffraction (30–750 °C). Notably, no phase transition was detected; sogdianite exhibited anisotropic thermal expansion. The first time study of vibrational spectra and spectral bands assigning were performed. The electronic transitions in d
5-ion impurities of sogdianite were studied using optical absorption and luminescence spectroscopy. The origin of pink color and luminescence of sogdianite was clarified. The broad spectral bands in the visible UV spectral region are responsible for the pink color exhibited by sogdianite and could be attributed to d–d transitions occurring in Fe3+ ions.
Assessment of the Risk of Dementia among Elderly Men as Part of a Geriatric Assessment
Authors: Fidecki Wiesław , Wysokiński Mariusz , Wrońska Irena , Kędziora-Kornatowska Kornelia , Przylepa Katarzyna , Kuszplak Kamil 
Published: April 2024

Introduction. Dementia, one of the leading causes of cognitive decline among older people, is becoming a growing problem with a significant burden on families and society as life expectancy increases worldwide.
Aim. The aim of the study was to assess the risk of dementia among elderly men as part of a geriatric assessment.
Material and Methods. The research was conducted in a group of 192 elderly men receiving institutional care in Central and Eastern Poland. The research material was collected using the NOSGER scale (Nurses’ Observation Scale for Geriatric Patients). This scale allows senior caregivers to quickly and easily assess the patient’s psychological, mental and social condition. The scale covers six areas: memory; instrumental activities of daily life; daily life activities; moods and emotions; social behavior; destructive, disruptive, asocial behavior.
Results. Males obtained an average result of 70.42±17.66 points on the NOSGER scale. The best results were achieved by the respondents in the field of disruptive behavior (7.68±2.46 points). The subjects showed the greatest deficits in instrumental activities of everyday life (16.03±4.42 points).
Conclusions. The study group of elderly men showed a moderate risk of dementia. In areas important for diagnosing this type of changes (memory, emotions, disruptive behavior), patients functioned at a fairly good level. The greatest deficits were found only in the area of physical functioning, which was related to limited functional capacity caused by existing diseases and age-related limitations. The analyzed sociodemographic variables did not significantly affect the risk of dementia in the study group of men. (JNNN 2023;12(4):151–156)
Research on the flexural behavior of polypropylene fiber reinforced concrete beams with hybrid reinforcement of GFRP and steel bars
Authors: Wei Bingyan , He Xiongjun , Wu Weiwei , Wu Chao , He Jia 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTo study the flexural behavior of glass fiber (GFRP) bars and steel bars hybrid reinforced polypropylene fiber concrete (Hybrid-PFRC) beams, one GFRP-PFRC beam, one Steel-PFRC beam, and five Hybrid-PFRC beams were designed and fabricated. The effects of the different area ratio ($${{A_{f} } \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{A_{f} } {A_{s} }}} \right. \kern-0pt} {A_{s} }}$$

A
f

/

A
s

) of GFRP to steel bars and polypropylene fiber (PP) volume fraction on the flexural behavior of Hybrid-PFRC beams were investigated through experiments. The research results indicated that the Hybrid-PFRC beams’ load–deflection curves exhibited trilinear characteristics with specimen cracking and steel bars yielding as turning points. As $${{A_{f} } \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{A_{f} } {A_{s} }}} \right. \kern-0pt} {A_{s} }}$$

A
f

/

A
s

increased, the flexural bearing capacity of Hybrid-PFRC beams increased, the deflection decreased, the crack spacing and width decreased, and the ductility decreased. The addition of PP did not significantly improve the flexural bearing capacity and cracking moment of Hybrid-PFRC beams, but it greatly enhanced the ductility of the beam. Moreover, PP had good advantages in controlling crack propagation in the beam. The article also used the theoretical model to predict and analyze the flexural behavior of Hybrid-PFRC beams. When predicting the maximum crack width of Hybrid-PFRC beams, when PP is not added to the beam, the bonding coefficient kb should be greater than 1.4; When PP is added to the beam, it is recommended that the bonding coefficient kb should not exceed 1.4.
Parallels between clinical and genetic characteristics in children with primary ciliary dyskinesia
Authors: Novak A. A. , Mizernitskiy Yu. L. 
Published: April 2024

Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare genetic disorder that leads to chronic inflammatory damage to the airways and auditory organs. This article presents current information and a study aimed at investigating parallels between the course of PCD and clinical and genetic variant of the disease, which contributes to a timely diagnosis and enables personalized treatment approach.The aim of the study was to identify phenotypic characteristics and chronological patterns of PCD course depending on the genotype.Methods. The study was conducted at the Veltischev Research Clinical Institute of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University (Pirogov Medical University), Ministry of Health of Russia. The study included children with PCD who underwent next generation sequencing (NGS) of the exome.Results. Significant differences were found in the course of PCD based on clinical and genetic characteristics. Children with defects in the genes encoding central pair proteins are characterized by an earlier onset of daily productive cough and recurrent respiratory infections. A similar pattern is typical for patients with defects in the genes encoding the cilia assembly proteins. The first episode of respiratory infection occurs later in patients with defects in the genes encoding dynein handle proteins. Patients who do not have defects in PCD-associated genes are characterized by a late onset of persistent difficulty in nasal breathing, productive cough and respiratory diseases.Conclusion. Identification of clinical and genetic variants of PCD allows prediction of chronological features of the course of the disease.
Efficacy and safety of triple therapy (elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ ivacaftor) in children with cystic fibrosis: 12-month follow-up
Authors: Kondratyeva E. I. , Odinaeva N. D. , Repjeva E. V. , Fatkhullina I. R. , Sherman V. D. 
Published: April 2024

The most effective drug for targeted therapy of cystic fibrosis (CF) today is the CFTR modulator elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor. It is a combination of two CFTR correctors and a CFTR potentiator that correct the main genetic defect in patients with CF who carry at least one genetic variant specified in the instructions for use of the drug. In the Russian Federation, children with CF at the age of 6 years and older are provided with a targeted drug at the expense of the Circle of Kindness Charitable Foundation.The aim of the study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of therapy with the CFTR modulator elexacaftor/thezacaftor/ivacaftor in children with cystic fibrosis during 12 months of follow-up.Methods. The data of 48 patients aged 6 to 18 years who received targeted therapy with elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor in 2021 and were included in the “Targeted therapy” section of the Register of Patients with Cystic Fibrosis in the Russian Federation, were analyzed. To study the effectiveness and safety of the therapy, the patients’ nutritional status, sweat test, respiratory function, blood chemistry, blood pressure, and lens condition were monitored during the therapy.Results. During therapy, an increase in body weight was noted from 44.1 (± 8.8) to 50.1 (± 7.8) kg (M ± SD) (p < 0.001); height, from 158.2 (± 9.1) to 161.9 (± 8.7) cm (p < 0.001); and BMI, from 17.5 (± 2.3) to 19 (± 1.9) kg / m2 (p < 0.001). The conductivity of sweat decreased from 114.8 (± 17.4) at the start of triple therapy to 73.9 (± 20.6) mmol/l NaCl (p < 0.001) after 12 months of treatment. In 28.5%, the sweat test results returned to normal (the sweat conductivity was equivalent to < 50 mmol / l NaCl). Statistically significant changes in the indices of respiratory function were obtained: the forced vital capacity increased from 72.8%pred. (± 21.7) to 86.6%pred. (± 24.4) (p < 0.001), FEV1 – from 67.2%pred. (± 21.7) to 84.9%pred. (± 28.9) (p < 0.001).Conclusion. Analysis of the tolerability showed a consistent safety profile of the triple therapy.
Primary ciliary dyskinesia (Kartagener syndrome): a case of late diagnosis and follow-up
Authors: Simonova O. I. , Selimzianova L. R , Simonova A. Yu , Gorinova Yu. V. , Kustova O. V. , Lazareva A. V. , Platonova M. M. , Vishneva E. A. , Bosenko Yu. A. 
Published: April 2024

Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is an autosomal recessive disease that develops as a result of an ultrastructural defect of the cilia and flagella. The symptoms are non-specific, especially in childhood, and are characterized by recurrent rhinitis and bronchitis, often with obstruction. Half of the patients with PCD are diagnosed with such clear clinical manifestation as Kartagener’s syndrome (chronic bronchitis, chronic sinusitis, reverse position of internal organs (situs inversus), but even in these cases the diagnosis can be difficult.The aim of this paper was to demonstrate a clinical case of late diagnosis of PCD in a child with classic Kartagener syndrome and concomitant atopy, and the results of 11 years of follow-up and microbiological monitoring. The stages of the diagnostic search are presented in detail and typical errors on the way to diagnosis are analyzed.Conclusion. This clinical observation demonstrates the difficulties of diagnosing PCD in a patient with concomitant atopy. It is noted that appropriate continued monitoring and timely therapy are crucial for children with PCD. The need to standardize approaches to the diagnosis and management of patients with PCD, including continuity during transfer to the adult healthcare network, is emphasized.
Juvenile Delinquency: The Rise of Moral Decadence in Cameroon Schools
Authors: Tabifor Asongwe Pride , Nkongho Ashu Calven 
Published: April 2024

In this paper, we point out the fundamental causes of moral decadence in Cameroon schools by juveniles and seek the extent to which such moral decadence has on the future of Cameroon. As human rights and technology continues to reshape the society, this article states that the application of laws following children rights and western cultures without considering the culture of the people of Cameroon as far as education is concerned is inherent to human condemnation. The implementations of such laws and cultures affected our students and they portray immoral acts such as fighting, smoking, sex party and beating of teachers in secondary schools. In Cameroon, the school is a center of formation and a child learns with a cane. So, taken away the canes from the teachers destroy the teaching culture of Cameroon which is a succinct way to discipline a child. The teacher who is the actor of formation has a formative tune through the cane to fight against acts of moral decadence particularly that of drugs and sex party. The formative punishment is required in our schools via the use of canes by teachers. This human condemnation has future consequences that will emerge probably. In this article, we advanced some methods that can be used to return a peaceful citadel of learning in our schools and the society. The study emphasizes the significance of moral values in school.