bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Growth and Maturation in the Male Genitalia From Birth to Adolescence II. Change of Penile Length
Authors: Fujieda Kenji , Matsuura Nobuo 
Published: October 2007

AbstractPenile lengths of Japanese males from birth to adolescence were studied in cross‐sectional series. The mean length of the penis in 5 days term newborn was 2.9 ± 0.5 cm (M ± SD). There was a gradual increase in penile length from the age 1 to 11 years. After 12 years of age there was a sudden increase in length. The mean length increased from 5.5 ± 1.5 cm at the age of 12 to 8.3 ± 0.8 cm at 14 years. The largest increment was observed between the age of 13 and 14 years. Mean penile length increased from 4.9 ± 0.8 cm at stage I of pubic hair development to 7.2 ± 1.4 cm at stage II and 9.0 ± 1.0 cm at stages IV‐V. The largest increment was observed between stage I and stage II of pubic hair development. This new reference of penile length can be helpful in those cases in which the children is suspective of having genitals of abnormal size.
Behavioural Deviance in Japanese Children Attending School in England
Authors: Morita Hiroshi 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe rates of behavioural deviance in Japanese children attending school in England were investigated. A cross‐cultural comparison using the Rutter teachers' questionnaire was made between these Japanese children and some English children, which showed considerable similarity between the two sets. Possible additional ways teachers might identify Japanese children with deviant behaviour were described. These included teachers' ratings of “school failure,”“nurse's room user” and “not being liked by others.” The self‐concept of these Japanese children was also explored using the Piers‐ilarris children's self‐concept scale.
Changes in Renal Excretions of Electrolytes Upon an Orthostatic Postural Change in Chronic Glomerulonephritis
Authors: Asami Tadashi , Hashimoto Kin‐ya , Nakano Tokushi , Sakai Kaoru 
Published: October 2007

AbstractChanges in renal excretions of sodium (Na), potassium (K), and chloride (CI) upon a postural change from sustained recumbency to standing and walking were examined in 146 children with chance proteinuria and/or hematuria and in 27 children with biopsy‐proved diffuse mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (GN) including membranoproliferative GN (MPGN). Renal excretions of Na, K, and CI were inhibited in children with macroscopic hematuria and/or proteinuria and in those with moderate to severe mesangial proliferative GN and MPGN. Reductions in urinary Na/K ratios, reflecting the effect of aldosterone on renal tubular reabsorption, were noted upon a postural change, but there was no significant relation between the changes in urinary Na/K ratios and glomerular lesions. These results suggest that renal excretions of Na, K, and CI are simultaneously decreased upon an orthostatic postural change in children with severe mesangial proliferative GN and MPGN.
Pyogenic Liver Abscess due to Bacteroides fragilis
Authors: Ka Keiki , Ichibangase Makoto , Terashima Itaru , Maeda Kazuichi 
Published: October 2007

AbstractA 10‐year‐old boy with anaerobic pyogenic liver abscesses due to Bacteroides fragilis is reported. Blunt trauma was considered as the possible cause of the liver abscesses. Imaging methods such as ultrasonography, computed tomography and liver scannings were useful for the diagnosis of the case. The patient was cured after treatment with surgical debridement and drainage followed by a 10‐day course of intravenous Lincomycin.
Clinical Use of a Portable Infusion Pump and Pen‐Type Injector in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Tsuchiya Yutaka , Cho Hideo , Kotoh Shinobu , Yokoyama Tetsuo , Matsuo Nobutake 
Published: October 2007

AbstractIntensive insulin therapy was studied in six children with type 1 diabetes mellitus which was refractory to conventional insulin treatment. The methods used were continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion with a portable pump, and pre‐meal pulse infusion of short‐acting insulin with a pen‐type syringe supplemented with a bolus of long‐acting insulin. The former method was used in three patients for two weeks and in one patient for four months, in hospital, and the latter was used in two patients, starting in hospital and continuing for one year at home. Both these methods achieved better metabolic control than conventional therapy. In addition, insulin requirements decreased with continuous subcutaneous infusion but it had to be discontinued after discharge because of costs and the complexity of the equipment. With pre‐meal pulse infusion, insulin requirements increased compared with conventional therapy.
Therapeutic Effects of Dipolar Aprotic Substances on Niemann‐Pick Cells
Authors: Sakuragawa Norio , Sato Mitsuru , Kamo Isao , Arima Masataka 
Published: October 2007

AbstractDimethylsulfoxide (Me2SO) increased acid sphingomyelinase activity in cultured skin fibroblasts (Sakuragawa N et al., Biochem Biophy Res Comm 1985; 126: 756–762). Various drugs were examined to find related compounds showing the same phenomenon as Me2 SO, including other dipolar aprotic substances, various inhibitors of DNA and RNA synthesis, phorbol esters, vitamin E and its derivatives and other miscellaneous agents. Several dipolar aprotic substances, such as Me2SO, dimethylacetamide, tetramethylurea and hexa‐methylene‐bisacetamide, increased the acid and Mg‐independent neutral sphingomyelinase activity in human cultured skin fibroblasts. These dipolar aprotic substances also increased acid and Mg‐independent neutral sphingomyelinase activities in Niemann‐Pick cells, type C, to 300 to 700% of those of untreated controls, repairing their enzyme deficiency. Other lysosomal hydrolases increased to a slightly lesser extent than sphingomyelinase. Dipolar aprotic substances could be used as therapeutic drugs for Niemann‐Pick disease, type C.
The Progeny of Individuals Cured From Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia
Authors: Derulska Danuta , Rokicka‐Milewska Roma 
Published: October 2007

AbstractFive former patients cured from acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), four women and one man, have six healthy children: three girls and three boys. The children were born in the period from 13 to 24 years since the beginning of the disease, and five to 16 years after therapy cessation. The treatment of the patients lasted eight to nine years.
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome Associated with Common Bile Duct Obstruction
Authors: Hata Daisuke , Miyanomae Takeshi , Sensaki Shigeki , Okuma Minoru , Mikawa Haruki 
Published: October 2007

AbstractA four‐year‐old female with hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) had reduced plasma prostaglandin I2 regenerating activity (PGI2‐RA). The patient had a cholecystectomy with T‐tube drainage of the common bile duct, because she developed common bile duct obstruction due to cholelithiasis. This is the first report of this syndrome in which there was associated common bile duct obstruction due to cholelithiasis.
A Case With the Infantile Type of Glycerol Kinase Deficiency
Authors: Kakinuma Hiroaki , Nakamura Fumiko , Murayama Shjgeo , Goto Jun , Nakano Imaharu , Saito Fumiko , Ohtake Akira , Takayanagi Masaki , Nakajima Hironori 
Published: October 2007

AbstractA male infant with the infantile type of glycerol kinase deficiency is described. At six years of age, he showed proximal dominant muscle atrophy and weakness, addisonian pigmentation and mental retardation. Laboratory investigations revealed muscular dystrophy, adrenal insufficiency and glycerol kinase deficiency. He has a small deletion in a band (Xp21) of the X chromosome. The clinical, biochemical and genetic findings in this patient are reported.
Chemical Mediator in Exercise‐Induced Asthma and Exercise‐Induced Late Asthmatic Responses
Authors: Likura Yoji , Nagakura Toshikazu , Kondo Tomomi , Odajima Yasuhei , Walsh Garry M. , Masaki Takuro , Obata Toshihiko 
Published: October 2007

AbstractIn this paper, we describe chemical mediator fluctuation in exercise‐induced asthma (EIA) and exercise‐induced late asthmatic responses (EILA).The moderate, severe patients who showed EIA, had statistically significant increased plasma histamine levels after exercise. Leukotriene (LT) release from polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) showed two different patterns.In the EIA negative group, generation of LTs from PMN showed a significant increase after an exercise task. However, the EIA positive group showed statistically significant decreases at 15 minutes after exercise.In EILA, patients showed biphasic decreases in FEVi.o following exercise, which was accompanied by a parallel increase in neutrophil chemotactic activity (NCA).
Neurological Outcome in Full‐Term Infants with Intraventricular Hemorrhage
Authors: Sugimoto Tateo , Woo Man , Okazaki Hitoshi , Sonoda Noriaki , Ono Atsushi , Kinoshita Yo , Matsusaki Shuji , Iwase Suiko , Kobayashi Yohnosuke 
Published: October 2007

AbstractEight survivors among 12 full‐term infants with intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) were investigated for neurological handicap. Five patients developed epilepsy during the follow‐up period of 4.5 years (range 2.0—6.8 years); four patients had an electroencephalogram (EEG) showing unilateral paroxysmal spikes, mainly in the central region, suggesting ventricular dilatation. The seizures were either partial, evolving to generalized seizures, or were generalized tonic‐clonic seizures. Patients with either moderate ventricular dilation and/or grade III IVH with severe asphyxia had a poor developmental and neurological outcome.
MELAS, Myoclonus, Ataxia and Deficiencies of Complexes I and IV in Muscle Mitochondria
Authors: Yamanaka Reiko , Nomura Yoshiko , Segawa Masaya , Nonaka Ikuya 
Published: October 2007

AbstractA 13‐year‐old Japanese girl developed convulsions, periodic attacks of coma with hyperpyrexia, visual disturbance, aphasia, myoclonus, cerebellar symptoms and dementia. A muscle biopsy four years previously had shown ragged‐red fibers. Biochemical studies showed NADH CoQ reductase and cytochrome c oxidase deficiencies in biopsied muscle at 13 years of age, although normal activity of cytochrome c oxidase had been histochemically detected at 9 years of age. A therapeutic trial of citrate administration produced transient improvement in the clinical features and in the hyperlactic and pyruvic acidemia.
Periodic ACTH ADH Discharge Syndrome: Relationship to Inappropriate ADH Secretion
Authors: Ogihara Masaaki , Aritaki Sekoiya 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe case of a two‐year‐old Japanese girl is presented who had attacks of vomiting, hypertension and somnolence in a regular cycle. During the attacks, she showed increases in serum ACTH, ADH and Cortisol, decreases in plasma osmolality and sodium concentration, and increases in the urinary excretion of 17‐OHCS and 17‐KS. During attack‐free periods, all these findings became normal. Although this case is similar to cases of periodic ACTH ADH discharge syndrome described by Sato and associates [1, 2], certain differences exist:(1) Chlorpromazine, reserpine and alpha‐methyldopa were effective in Sato's cases but not in ours.(2) The vomiting attacks occurred in a circadiseptan rhythm (T= 14 days).(3) A disturbance in ADH‐inhibition was found by an intravenous water loading test performed during an attack‐free period. After administration of pheny‐toin, the vomiting attacks disappeared. Since phenytoin is an inhibitor of ADH, and has been used for treating inappropriate secretion of ADH, it appeared that the vomiting attacks were due to this mechanism. The cyclic vomiting may have been due to an abnormality in the hypothalmus, which governs biological rhythms.This case suggests that cyclic ACTH ADH discharge has at least two different pathophysiologies.
Accelerated Ventricular Rhythm in a 13‐Year‐Old Male
Authors: Yokota Yoshifumi , Wada Masafumi , Yorifuji Tohru 
Published: October 2007

AbstractA 13‐year‐old male was found to have accelerated ventricular rhythm, preceded by coryza and pleurisy. Initially, this arrythmia was present about half the time at rest and gradually decreased in frequency over a year. At 15 years of age the patient was asymptomatic.
The Production of Cardiovascular Malformations with Combined Use of Trypan Blue and Anti‐Heart Serum in the Rat
Authors: Ono Seigo , Miyata Koichiro , Ninomiya Makoto , Yamamoto Eiji , Tachikura Junko 
Published: October 2007

AbstractSmall doses of trypan blue (TB) and anti‐heart serum (AHS) were intraperi‐toneally injected into pregnant Wistar rats to produce in the offspring cardiovascular malformations, which in our previous studies had been induced by the combined use of anti‐sera to two tissues. The results showed that TB could produce a high incidence of malformations, though a dose of 10 mg/kg was subteratogenic in rats. AHS alone was not teratogenic even if 9 ml/kg were administered. Combined use of 10 mg/kg of TB (on day 9 of gestation) and 9 ml/kg of AHS (on day 10) produced a statistically significant increase of malformations (p<0.001). The total incidence of malformations and the incidence of those of the cardiovascular system were 91.5% and 83.1%, respectively. Ventricular septal defects and aortic arch anomalies were the main cardiovascular malformations. Localization of TB in both the yolk sac and the developing embryo was comfirmed, though deposition of AHS was not detected. In this study, the incidence of cardiovascular malformations was higher than that achieved in our previous study, which utilized a combination of small doses of anti‐kidney serum and AHS.
A Study of Taurine Transport and Absorption in Placenta and Neonatal Intestine and Kidney
Authors: Moriyama Ikuko S. , Lioka Hideaki , Kato Yumiko , Nabuchi Yoshino , Ninomiya Yuko , Akasaki Masayuki , Ichijo Motohiko 
Published: October 2007

AbstractSerum taurine concentration in the human fetus (umbilical blood) and neonate was measured from the 24th to 40th week of pregnancy. The concentration was considerably higher than in maternal serum with a peak at the 24th week of pregnancy and then a gradual decrease until it approached the adult level on the 9th day after birth.To clarify the underlying mechanism of the human findings, the distribution of 14C‐taurine was investigated after intravenous injection to maternal rats on the 20th day of pregnancy. The taurine administered to the maternal side became concentrated in the placenta and reached the fetus. It was confirmed that taurine accumulated in the human placenta was present in a higher concentration than any other free animo acid.Placental transport of taurine was studied in isolated brush border microvillous plasma membrane vesicles by a rapid filtration technique. The membrane vesicles exhibited uptake of H3‐labeled traurine into an osmotically reactive intravesicular space. Taurine uptake by vesicles was stimulated specifically by an inward sodium gradient, and replacement of NaCl in the transport medium by KCl, LiCl or choline chloride had no effect on the transport activity of the vesicles. Taurine transport was inhibited competivively by the presence of β‐alanine and GABA. The initial rate of transport followed saturation kinetics with respect to taurine concentration: an apparent Km of 0.22 mM and Vmax of 67 pmol/mg protein were calculated in 20 seconds. These results indicate that transport of taurine across the placental brush border membrane is sodium‐dependent and carrier‐mediated.The taurine transport system in human fetal small intestine, especially in the jejunum, is a passive transport system quite unlike that of other amino acids.Reabsorption of taurine through the proximal convoluted tubule is by active transport which depends on sodium. This transport system is developed from the 24th to the 32nd gestational week.
Alternating Hyper‐ and Hypothyroidism with Thyroid‐Stimulating and TSH‐Binding Inhibition Immunoglobulins
Authors: Sato Tamotu , Miyagawa Kazuhiko , Igarashi Noboru , Kajiwara Sohei 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe clinical course of Graves' disease is described in an 8 year old girl with high thyroid‐stimulating immunogloblin (TSI) and thyrotropin‐binding inhibition immunoglobulin (TBII) titers, 6,421% and 87.8%, respectively. She had three cycles of alternating hyper‐ and hypothyroidism during two years of observation with or without antithyroid medication or thyroxine replacement. She also developed a propylthiouracil‐induced lupus‐like syndrome with a positive antinuclear antibody. Although a causal relationship between elevated TSI and TBII titres and hyper‐hypothyroidism was not established, the coexistence of high TSI and TBII titres requires close observation for the proper treatment of this disorder.
Linkage Maps of Human Genes
Authors: White R. , Leppert M. , O'Connell P. , Nakamura Y. , Holm T. , Lathrop G.M. , Lalouel J.‐M. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractMethodologies and tools for the construction of complete, primary genetic linkage maps of human chromosomes are emerging. Special families, optimal because of family structure for revealing linkage relationships, have been sampled and a number of genotypic determinations gathered. The associated genotypic database and the cell lines are available to the research community through the Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain in Paris, and form the basis for an international collaboration in the effort to map the entire human genome. Genetic diseases that are known only by their phenotype can be mapped to chromosomes when they co‐segregate with known map markers; localization of a disease gene represents an important step toward its characterization. New markers for hypervariable loci, highly efficient for mapping purposes, are being developed. Primary maps spanning several chromosomes are already in hand.
Genetic Engineering and Medical Ethics
Authors: Mataix Rev. Anselmo 
Published: October 2007

AbstractIn the introduction I express the need of introducing the point of view of Ethics when we are dealing with problems of science, technology, and especially medicine.In the first part of my presentation I deal with the problem of the value of human life, coming to the conclusion that human life might not be completely absolute, but is extremely important and “ceteris paribus” should be respected, and the problem of when it starts. Some of the main arguments are discussed. In this connection the question of abortion is briefly discussed.In the second part I deal with some problems related to human reproduction. Most people will be willing to support programmes for treating individuals with genetic disease; but at the same time the dangers of increasing depersonalization of the reproductive process are pointed out.In the third part I take up the problem of In Vitro Fertilisation. IVF has certainly brought benefits to some couples suffering from infertility, but at the same time it has raised quite a few human and moral problems. Is it permissible to fertilise an egg with a donor sperm, replacing the embryo in the womb? What about fertilising a donor egg with the husband's sperm? Is it acceptable to store or freeze embryos for future use? Is it moral to implant such an embryo in a woman who has no genetic relationship with the embryo? Is it moral to use surrogate mothers? Is it moral for ‘spare’ embryos to be killed or used as tissue for research?At the end I stress the need of dialogue between life sciences and ethics.
Birth Complications and Psychological Deviancy: A 25‐Year Prospective Inquiry
Authors: Buka Stephen L. , Lipsitt Lewis P. , Tsuang Ming T. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractConsiderable evidence has accumulated during the past 30 years regarding the relationship between pregnancy and delivery complications and a variety of psychiatric and neurologic disorders. Prior studies have suffered from major methodological problems associated with retrospective designs, notably selection and recall biases. We are conducting a 25‐year prospective investigation of perinatal complications and psychiatric outcomes. The study cohort consists of 176 singleton births diagnosed as either “severe toxemia” or “breech delivery” and 176 matched control subjects, all selected from the Providence Center of the National Collaborative Perinatal Project. Extensive obstetrical, neurological, behavioral and socio‐demographic information was collected prospectively for these subjects, from the perinatal period through age seven. Subjects were recontacted (ages 18–24) and admin istered a battery of instruments designed to assess: a) psychiatric diagnosis (using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule); b) cognitive and psychosocial functioning; and c) family history of mental disorders. 85% of the sample have been contacted and 60% successfully interviewed at this time. Preliminary analyses will assess the relative risk associated with each pregnancy complication and the DSM‐III psychiatric diagnoses covered by the Diag nostic Interview Schedule. Further analyses will examine possible etiologic mechanisms which have been proposed to account for such associations.
The Effect of MCT Oil Supplement in Very Low Birth Weight Infants, with Evaluation by the 13C‐Labeled MCT Breath Test
Authors: Yamada Takako , Nishida Hiroshi , Sakamoto Shoichi , Okada Akemi , Sakanoue Masamichi , Suehiro Makiko 
Published: October 2007

AbstractWe studied the efficacy of medium‐chain triglyceride (MCT) as an energy source in premature infants. Infants who were given 3 g/kg/day of MCT oil gained body weight better than the control group in spite of a smaller water intake. This is advantageous to premature infants who need water restriction due to patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), bronchopulmo nary dysplasia (BPD), etc. We also proved that MCT oil is rapidly absorbed and digested, by means of the 13C‐trioctanoin breath test.