bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment with taxanes of refractory or life‐threatening Kaposi sarcoma not associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection
Authors: Fardet Laurence , Stoebner Pierre‐Emmanuel , Bachelez Herve , Descamps Vincent , Kerob Delphine , Meunier Laurent , Dandurand Michel , Morel Patrice , Lebbe Celeste 
Published: March 2006

AbstractBACKGROUNDKaposi sarcoma (KS) is an angioproliferative disease that may represent a difficult therapeutic challenge in disseminated stages. The efficacy of taxanes (paclitaxel and docetaxel), as agents with antiangiogenic properties, has been described previously in the treatment of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)‐associated KS but remains unknown in the treatment of patients with refractory or life‐threatening KS without human immunodeficiency (HIV) infection.METHODSDuring the past 6 years, 12 non‐HIV‐infected patients with refractory KS were treated with paclitaxel (175 mg/m2 every 3 wks) or docetaxel (60 mg/m2 every 3 wks).RESULTSAll patients improved dramatically after chemotherapy. Partial desinfiltration (n = 6) or complete desinfiltration (n = 6) of all papulonodular skin lesions was observed with marked improvement of lymphedema in 6 patients. According to the AIDS Clinical Trials Group criteria, response was partial in 100% of patients. A major response was obtained among patients who had visceral lesions (n = 3 patients), with rapid and complete remission of digestive or respiratory symptoms. The mean delay to response was 2 courses. Treatment was sustained for 3 patients. For the remaining 9 patients who received a median of 7 courses (range, 2‐14 courses), the mean time to recurrence or follow‐up without recurrence was 13 months. Tolerance was good except for 3 episodes of Grade 3 or 4 asymptomatic neutropenia and 1 episode of moderate myositis.CONCLUSIONSThe results of this study showed that taxanes are beneficial in the treatment of patients with refractory or life‐threatening Kaposi sarcoma. Cancer 2006. © 2006 American Cancer Society.
Soluble Fas—A promising novel urinary marker for the detection of recurrent superficial bladder cancer
Authors: Svatek Robert S. , Herman Michael P. , Lotan Yair , Casella Roberto , Hsieh Jer‐Tsong , Sagalowsky Arthur I. , Shariat Shahrokh F. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that elevated urinary levels of soluble Fas (sFas) would aid in the surveillance of patients with a past history of nonmuscle‐invasive transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the urinary bladder.METHODSsFas levels were determined in cell lysates and supernatants from 2 human bladder cancer cell lines (T24 and TCC‐SUP) and in voided urine from 188 consecutive patients who were at risk for TCC recurrence, 31 patients who had noncancerous urologic conditions, and 10 healthy individuals. The authors also obtained barbotage cytology and voided nuclear matrix protein 22 (NMP22) levels. sFas was analyzed continuously and categorically on the basis of its quintile distribution.RESULTSsFas was present in cell lysates and conditioned media from both cell lines. sFas levels were found to be higher in the TCC group (n = 122 patients) compared with the control group (P < .001). Higher levels of sFas were associated with positive cytology assay results (P < .001), higher NMP22 levels (P < .001), NMP22 levels > 10 U/mL (P < .001), and tumor stage ≥T1 (P < .001). The areas under the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves of sFas and NMP22 for bladder cancer detection were 0.757 (95% confidence interval, 0.694‐0.819) and 0.704 (95% confidence interval, 0.637‐0.772), respectively. In the > 75% sensitivity region of the ROC curves, sFas was consistently more specific than NMP22. In multivariate analyses, sFas, NMP22, and cytology all were found to be associated with the presence of bladder cancer (P values ≤ .009), but only sFas and cytology were associated with tumor stage ≥ T1 (P values ≤ .026).CONCLUSIONSsFas was produced and released by bladder TCC cells. Urine sFas was an independent predictor of bladder cancer recurrence and invasiveness in patients who had a past history of nonmuscle invasive bladder TCC, and it outperformed NMP22. Cancer 2006. © 2006 American Cancer Society.
Use of health care services by survivors of childhood and adolescent cancer in Canada
Authors: Shaw Amanda K. , Pogany Lisa , Speechley Kathy N. , Maunsell Elizabeth , Barrera Maru , Mery Leslie S. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe number of survivors of childhood cancer in Canada is growing. The large majority of survivors experience at least 1 adverse late effect of their cancer therapy, which often becomes more severe and clinically apparent with time. The extent of survivors' use of health services in Canada is unknown, although coordinated, continuous, long‐term follow‐up care has been recommended by numerous investigators.METHODSInformation on reported consultations with healthcare practitioners in the past year was obtained from 2152 survivors of child and adolescent cancer (mean age at diagnosis, 7.3; range, 0‐19) and 2432 age‐ and sex‐matched population‐based controls through a mailed questionnaire.RESULTSSimilar proportions of survivors (71%) and controls (73%) reported consulting a general practitioner in the past year. Survivors were more likely than controls to consult with any specialist (68% vs. 46%), including an oncologist (29% vs. 0.3%). Survivors' consultations with oncologists increased with concurrent physical health problems (adjusted odds ratio [ORadj], 1.7, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.4‐2.1), history of high risk therapy (ORadj, 2.4, 95% CI, 1.9‐2.9), and multiple treatment series (ORadj, 2.2, 95% CI, 1.7‐ 3.0), but decreased with time since diagnosis (ORadj, 0.3, 95% CI, 0.2‐0.4).CONCLUSIONAlthough most survivors reported consulting with at least 1 healthcare practitioner in the past year, the large majority did not report consulting an oncologist and thus may not be receiving optimal follow‐up care. Moreover, consultations decreased with time since diagnosis, exactly when risk of late effects increases. This limited preventive care could have major implications on survivors' long‐term health. Cancer 2006. © 2006 American Cancer Society.
Hypermethylation of the TSLC1/IGSF4 promoter is associated with tobacco smoking and a poor prognosis in primary nonsmall cell lung carcinoma
Authors: Kikuchi Shinji , Yamada Daisuke , Fukami Takeshi , Maruyama Tomoko , Ito Akihiko , Asamura Hisao , Matsuno Yoshihiro , Onizuka Masataka , Murakami Yoshinori 
Published: March 2006

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe tumor suppressor gene TSLC1/IGSF4 on chromosomal region 11q23 is frequently inactivated by promoter methylation in various cancers, including nonsmall cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). Several studies have demonstrated that the hypermethylation of the CpG islands of genes, including tumor suppressors, is associated with exposure to tobacco smoke. The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible association of TSLC1/IGSF4 methylation with tobacco smoking as well as with the clinical characteristics of tumors using a large number of primary NSCLC.METHODSThe promoter methylation of TSLC1/IGSF4 was analyzed in 103 primary NSCLC. TSLC1/IGSF4 expression was examined by reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) and immunohistochemistry, whereas its methylation status was determined by bisulfite single‐strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) coupled with bisulfite sequencing.RESULTSThe TSLC1/IGSF4 promoter was methylated in 45 (44%) of 103 primary NSCLC. Methylation was observed in all histologic subtypes of NSCLC, including adenocarcinoma (29 of 68, 43%), squamous cell carcinoma (14 of 26, 54%), adenosquamous carcinoma (1 of 2, 50%), and large cell carcinoma (1 of 7, 14%). The incidence of methylation in tumors was significantly higher in male patients than in female patients (P = .027). The TSLC1/IGSF4 methylation was preferentially observed in heavy smokers (smoking index ≥ 800) (P = .0054). Furthermore, in smokers the methylation was significantly associated with pack‐years smoked (P = .034) and cigarettes per day (P = .021). The TSLC1/IGSF4 methylation was also significantly associated with a shorter disease‐free survival (P = .049), providing an independent prognostic factor (P = .038) in adenocarcinoma patients.CONCLUSIONSTSLC1/IGSF4 methylation is associated with tobacco smoking and could be an indicator of poor prognosis. Cancer 2006. © 2006 American Cancer Society.
Outcome and prognostic factor analysis of 217 consecutive isolated limb perfusions with tumor necrosis factor‐α and melphalan for limb‐threatening soft tissue sarcoma
Authors: Grunhagen Dirk J. , de Wilt Johannes H. W. , Graveland Wilfried J. , Verhoef Cornelis , van Geel Albertus N. , Eggermont Alexander M. M. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractBACKGROUNDExtensive and mutilating surgery is often required for locally advanced soft tissue sarcoma (STS) of the limb. As it has become apparent that amputation for STS does not improve survival rates, the interest in limb‐preserving approaches has increased. Isolated limb perfusion (ILP) with tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF) and melphalan is successful in providing local tumor control and enables limb‐preserving surgery in a majority of cases. A mature, large, single‐institution experience with 217 consecutive ILPs for STS of the extremity is reported.METHODSAt a prospectively maintained database at a tertiary referral center, 217 ILPs were performed from July 1991 to July 2003 in 197 patients with locally advanced STS of the extremity. ILPs were performed at mild hyperthermic conditions with 1–4 mg of TNF and 10–13 mg/L limb‐volume melphalan (M) for leg and arm perfusions, respectively.RESULTSThe overall response rate was 75%. Limb salvage was achieved in 87% of the perfused limbs. Median survival post‐ILP was 57 months and prognostic factors for survival were Trojani grade of the tumor and ILP for single versus multiple STS. The procedure could be performed safely, with a perioperative mortality of 0.5% in all patients with no age limit (median age, 54 yrs; range, 12–91). Systemic and locoregional toxicity were modest and easily manageable.CONCLUSIONTNF+M‐based ILP can provide limb salvage in a significant percentage of patients with locally advanced STS and has therefore gained a permanent place in the multimodality treatment of STS. Cancer 2006. © 2006 American Cancer Society.
Concomitant administration of vincristine, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, and etoposide for high‐risk sarcomas
Authors: Navid Fariba , Santana Victor M. , Billups Catherine A. , Merchant Thomas E. , Furman Wayne L. , Spunt Sheri L. , Cain Alvida M. , Rao Bhaskar N. , Hale Gregory A. , Pappo Alberto S. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractBACKGROUNDIntensified chemotherapy may improve the outcome of patients with high‐risk pediatric sarcomas. Vincristine, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, and etoposide are highly effective against pediatric sarcomas. The authors investigated the feasibility of administering these agents concomitantly within a defined period.METHODSIn the prospective high‐risk sarcoma (HIRISA) Phase II trial HIRISA1, pediatric patients with high‐risk sarcomas received 3 cycles of intensive vincristine, ifosfamide, etoposide, cyclophosphamide, and doxorubicin (VACIE) before radiotherapy and/or surgery began at Week 9 with concurrent vincristine, cyclophosphamide, and doxorubicin (Week 9) and vincristine and ifosfamide (Week 12). Three additional cycles of VACIE were then given. After delayed hematologic recovery in the first 11 patients, the protocol was modified (HIRISA2) to delay local control therapy until after 5 cycles of VACIE (to be completed within 18 weeks). Patients who responded to the protocols were eligible for myeloablative consolidation with autologous stem cell support.RESULTSEleven of 24 patients (median age, 14.9 years) had Ewing sarcoma family of tumors, 9 patients had rhabdomyosarcoma, and 4 patients had unresectable desmoplastic small round cell tumors. Seven of 13 patients on HIRISA2, but none of 11 patients on HIRISA1, completed therapy within the specified time. Reversible Grade 4 myelosuppression was the most common toxicity. Major nonhematologic toxic effects were mucositis, nutritional impairment, hypotension, and peripheral neuropathy. Three patients died of toxicity. The 5‐year survival and 5‐year event‐free survival estimates both were 45.8% ± 11.2%.CONCLUSIONSThe feasibility of administering intensive chemotherapy regimens like VACIE was dependent in part on the timing of local control therapy. This regimen was associated with significant toxicity. Cancer 2006. © 2006 American Cancer Society.
Radiation therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Hawkins Maria A. , Dawson Laura A. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractTechnologic advances have provided the means to deliver tumoricidal doses of radiation therapy (RT) to patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) while avoiding critical normal tissues, providing the opportunity to use RT for curative intent treatment of HCC. For the current report, the expanded role of external beam RT in the setting of HCC from palliation to cure was reviewed. A systematic literature search was undertaken using the MEDLINE data base and secondary references to identify peer‐reviewed, English‐language articles that reported clinical outcomes after external beam RT alone or in combination with other treatments for HCC. Abstracts from the 2005 American Society of Clinical Oncology, American Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology, American Gastrointestinal Association, and Society of Surgical Oncology Gastrointestinal Cancer Symposium also were included in the search. More than 60 articles reporting on clinical outcomes among patients who received RT for HCC have been published since 1990, including 20 articles that described unique sets of at least 15 patients. RT was used for palliation, to improve local control, and with curative intent in a wide spectrum of patients who most often were unsuitable for surgery and other treatments. Pain reduction following RT was noted in approximately 75% of patients with bone metastases from HCC who received RT. For patients with liver‐confined disease treated with conformal RT, proton beam RT, and/or image guided RT with or without transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), local control response rates ranged from 40% to 90%, and the median survival ranges from 10 months to 25 months. For patients with HCC who had portal vein thrombus, the median survival after RT to treat the thrombus and/or the hepatic tumor with or without TACE ranged from 5.3 months to 9.7 months. Although outcomes after high‐dose conformal RT for liver‐confined HCC were excellent, the potential survival benefit of RT should be tested in randomized controlled trials that require international collaboration. Cancer 2006. © 2006 American Cancer Society.
Localization of retinaldehyde dehydrogenases and retinoid binding proteins to sustentacular cells, glia, Bowman's gland cells, and stroma: Potential sites of retinoic acid synthesis in the postnatal rat olfactory organ
Authors: Asson‐Batres Mary Ann , Smith W. Bradford 
Published: March 2006

AbstractWork from our laboratory suggests that retinoic acid (RA) influences neuron development in the postnatal olfactory epithelium (OE). The studies reported here were carried out to identify and localize retinaldehyde dehydrogenase (RALDH) expression in postnatal rat OE to gain a better understanding of potential in vivo RA synthesis sites in this continuously regenerating tissue. RALDH 1, 2, and 3 mRNAs were detected in postnatal rat olfactory tissue by RT‐PCR analysis, but RALDH 1 and 2 transcripts were predominant. RALDH 1 immunoreactivity was localized to sustentacular cells in the OE and to Bowman's gland cells, and GFAP+/p75− olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) in the underlying lamina propria (LP). RALDH 2 did not colocalize with RALDH 1, but appeared to be expressed in GFAP−/RALDH 1− OECs as well as in unidentified structures in the LP. Cellular RA binding protein (CRABP II) colocalized with RALDH 1. Cellular retinol/retinaldehyde binding protein (CRBP I) was localized to RALDH 1+ sites in the OE and LP and RALDH 2+ sites, primarily surrounding nerve fiber bundles in the LP. Vitamin A deficiency altered RALDH 1, but not RALDH 2 protein expression. The isozymes and binding proteins exhibited random variability in levels and areas of expression both within and between animals. These findings support the hypothesis that RA is synthesized in the postnatal OE (catalyzed by RALDH 1) and underlying LP (differentially catalyzed by RALDH 1 and RALDH 2) at sites that could influence the development, maturation, targeting, and/or turnover of olfactory receptor neurons throughout the olfactory organ. J. Comp. Neurol. 496:149–171, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Selective spread of neurotropic herpesviruses in the rat hippocampus
Authors: Sík Attila , Coté Amélie , Boldogkõi Zsolt 
Published: March 2006

AbstractTranssynaptically spreading viruses are widely used for tracing neuronal circuits in both the central and peripheral nervous systems. However, viruses are capricious tools with selective spreading properties that can produce false‐negative results. Using herpes simplex virus type 1 and two pseudorabies virus strains, we aimed at mapping quantitatively neuronal connections in the rat hippocampus. We found that none of the tested viruses infected CA3 pyramidal neurons across synapses following inoculation into the CA1 area. Combined injections of the viruses with the retrograde tracer cholera toxin B (CTB) resulted in CTB, but not virus labeling of CA3 pyramidal neurons. In contrast, other brain regions known to send inputs to the CA1 (the entorhinal cortex, medial septum and diagonal band of Broca, raphe nuclei) were transsynaptically infected. Our results indicate that Schaffer collaterals of CA3 pyramidal cells lack the appropriate cellular machinery for successful neurotropic herpesvirus infection. After injections of viruses into the dentate gyrus/CA3 area, we found labeling in commissurally projecting mossy cells and their afferent granule cells but not in contralateral CA3 pyramidal cells. Using this unique spreading property, we estimated that single mossy cells receive input from a compact cluster of 30–40 granule cells. J. Comp. Neurol. 496:229–243, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Site‐specific estrogen and progestin regulation of orphanin FQ/nociceptin and nociceptin opioid receptor mRNA expression in the female rat limbic hypothalamic system
Authors: Sinchak Kevin , Romeo Horacio E. , Micevych Paul E 
Published: March 2006

AbstractThe distributions of orphanin FQ (OFQ/N; also known as nociceptin) and its cognate receptor, opioid receptor‐like receptor‐1 (NOP), overlap steroid‐responsive regions throughout reproductive circuits of the limbic system and hypothalamus. For example, in the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (VMH), OFQ/N facilitates lordosis in female rats through estrogen and progesterone regulation of nociceptin activity. We studied estrogen and progesterone regulation of OFQ/N and NOP mRNA expression in limbic‐hypothalamic reproductive circuits. Ovariectomized rats were treated with 17β‐estradiol‐benzoate (2 μg) and 26 hours later with oil or progesterone (500 μg) and were killed 30 hours after initial treatment. Alternate brain sections were processed for OFQ/N or NOP mRNA in situ hybridization. High levels of hybridization for NOP and OFQ/N and overlapping distributions were observed throughout the limbic hypothalamic reproductive circuits; however, in VMH, only NOP expression was observed. Estrogen treatment increased NOP mRNA expression in anteroventral periventricular nucleus (AVPV), median preoptic nucleus, and VMH. Subsequent progesterone treatment did not alter estrogen‐induced expression of NOP mRNA in VMH or median preoptic nucleus but reduced expression in the AVPV. OFQ/N mRNA levels were also regulated by steroids. In the caudal part of the posterodorsal medial amygdala, estrogen increased OFQ/N mRNA levels, and progesterone did not alter this increase, whereas, in the medial part of the medial preoptic nucleus, estrogen and progesterone were needed to increase OFQ/N mRNA levels. Steroid regulation of OFQ/N and NOP in the medial preoptic nucleus and VMH is consistent with emerging data indicating that this opioid system regulates female reproduction. J. Comp. Neurol. 496:252–268, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Coordination Chemistry and Diphenylacetylene Hydrogenation Catalysis of Planar Chiral Ferrocenylphosphane‐Thioether Ligands with Cyclooctadieneiridium(I)
Authors: Malacea Raluca , Manoury Eric , Routaboul Lucie , Daran Jean‐Claude , Poli Rinaldo , Dunne John P. , Withwood Adrian C. , Godard Cyril , Duckett Simon B. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractThe reaction of the P,S ligands CpFe{1,2‐C5H3(PPh2)(CH2SR)},(1‐R; R = Et, Ph, tBu), with 0.5 equivalents of [Ir(COD)Cl]2 (metal/ligand = 1:1) furnishes the stable mononuclear adducts [Ir(COD)Cl(1‐R)], 2‐R, in high yields. The molecular structures of the three complexes 2‐R have been determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. Compounds 2‐Et and 2‐Ph have similar five‐coordinate molecular structures, with an intermediate coordination geometry between a distorted trigonal‐bipyramid and a distorted square‐pyramid. In the solid state, the sulfur atom chirality (R group exo, lone pair endo and parallel to the Cp‐Fe axis) as well as the iridium chirality (Cl atom exo relative to the ferrocene group) is controlled by the ligand planar chirality. In solution, only one diastereoisomer is observed in both cases, indicating that the geometries observed in the solid state are maintained in solution, or that the different species are in rapid exchange on the NMR time scale. Complex 2‐tBu, on the other hand, shows a four‐coordinate square‐planar molecular structure with a dangling thioether moiety, probably for steric reasons. For metal/ligandratios greater than 1, the compounds [Ir(COD){κ2‐P:S‐(1‐R)}]+[Ir(COD)Cl2]– (3‐R) are obtained, resulting from the chloride abstraction by the excess iridium metal on complex 2‐R. The structure of 3‐Ph was confirmed by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. A rapid equilibration between 2‐R and 3‐R gives rise to only one set of NMR signals for each metal/ligand ratio. For the ligand 1‐tBu, a similar equilibration between 2‐tBu and 3‐tBu is again observed, in addition to a slower equilibration with a third product, [Ir(COD)Cl](μ‐1‐R)[Ir(COD)Cl] (4‐tBu), which is proposed to contain a bridging P,S ligand spanning two Ir centres. Complex 2‐Ph reacts with [Rh(COD)Cl]2 to give only the heterometallic ionic pair [Ir(COD){κ2‐P:S‐(1‐Ph)}][Rh(COD)Cl2] without transfer of ligand 1‐Ph from Ir to Rh. Furthermore, the rhodium complex RhCl(COD)(1‐Ph) reacts quantitatively with [Ir(COD)Cl]2 at room temp. to yield 2‐Ph and [Rh(COD)Cl]2, thereby illustrating the much stronger affinity of ligands 1‐Ph for iridium compared to rhodium. Finally, the complexes 2‐tBu and 2‐Ph were found to be efficient catalysts for the diphenylacetylene hydrogenation, affording a mixture of monohydrogenation [both (E)‐ and (Z)‐stilbene] and dihydrogenation (1,2‐diphenylethane) products. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)