bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Miller named Editor of Paleoceanography
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2006

Kenneth G. Miller, associate professor of geology at Rutgers, has been named editor of Paleoceanography. He is also a member of AGU's Committee on Paleoceanography and served as associate editor of the journal from 1986 to 1991.According to Miller, Paleoceanography has become the dominant journal addressing the operation of past oceans since it was first published in 1986, and it has been very successful in attracting Pleistocene oceanographic studies. He plans to maintain this emphasis in the journal and hopes it will continue to grow in response to global climate programs. “Pleistocene oceanographic studies are critical to understanding global climate change, and Paleoceanography will be the prime outlet for papers in this field,” he noted.
Magnetic observations from the Arctic and North Atlantic oceans
Authors: Macnab Ron , Verhoef Jacob , Srivastava Shiri 
Published: October 2006

Coherent and well‐adjusted magnetic data are essential for quantitative plate tectonic investigations and the automated production of accurate maps. To create a digital database that will meet these needs, a project was initiated in late 1988 at the Atlantic Geoscience Centre of the Geological Survey of Canada to assemble magnetic observations from the Arctic and North Atlantic oceans and adjacent land areas. The project will be completed in early 1993, and grids, maps, and documentation describing constituent data sets and the procedures used to meld them into a qualified database will be publicly distributed.The data assembly phase of the project is essentially finished, with enough observations provided or offered by 41 organizations in 15 countries to cover most of the study area. The total database contains nearly 50 million data points, comprising about 1300 separate sets of digital data, which are in the form of original observations along ships' tracks and aircraft flight lines, or grids created during previous compilations or from digitized contour maps.
Cloetingh named European Editor of Tectonics
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2006

Sierd Cloetingh of the Institute of Earth Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, has been named European editor of Tectonics. His term will be from 1992 to 1995.According to Cloetingh, “Quantitative insights into tectonic processes depend critically on the continuous gathering of highquality data on the structure and composition of the lithosphere and to effectively link these data with conceptional models to be tested, regional thematic studies spanning the outcrop to crustal/lithosphere scale are essential. At the same time, development of new and testable tectonic hypotheses is an essential requirement for future progress, which is important as these models have the potential to generate predictions on an increasingly smaller scale that closely approaches the scale of field observations. Laboratory experiments provide another indispensable source of information on, for example, the rheology of the lithosphere, while isotope geology has proved to be capable of generating powerful constraints on the mechanisms of crustal extension, for example.” Tectonics should reflect the increasingly integrated nature of Earth sciences, covering a field that is implicitly at the leading edge of the integration of geology and geophysics, he added.
New AGU book on marine particles
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2006

AGU announces the publication of a new book, Marine Particles: Analysis and Characterization, edited by David C. Hurd and Derek W. Spencer. This work is No. 63 in AGU's Geophysical Monograph series andshares the collective experiences of leading researchers as they review and catalog the existing methods for characterizing marine particles.In the field of marine science, there is a great diversity in the methods of particle study and analysis. Previously, there had been no comprehensive source that outlined all of the practices for studying marine particles. AGU's new publication was intended to fill this need. Marine Particles: Analysis and Characterization is an effective teaching resource for graduate‐level oceanography courses and also serves as a reference for experienced researchers who need a single source that covers the processes of sampling and chemically analyzing marine particles.
Senate panels review NASA, NSF budgets
Authors: Jones Richard M. 
Published: October 2006

The Senate recently began its review of the fiscal year 1993 budget for NASA and the National Science Foundation. Although the forecast looks generally positive for both agencies, senators did express concerns about specific aspects of the budget requests.At a meeting of the Senate Subcommittee on Science, Technology, and Space on March 18, Albert Gore (D‐Tenn.) raised a series of questions likely to follow NASA's budget deliberations over the coming months. The fact that Gore is a strong supporter of NASA makes these questions quite significant.
Down‐sized EOS plan goes to Congress
Authors: Cole Stephen 
Published: October 2006

As instructed by Congress last year, NASA has redesigned the Earth Observing System program to fly on several small satellites and study primarily global climate change. The new plan, which was sent to Congress in mid‐March, will fly seventeen instruments on five satellites by the year 2002 with the first launch promised for June 1998.The redesign is based on recommendations made by engineering and scientific advisory panels last year. NASA Administrator Richard Truly reviewed the recommendations and approved the restructured program in December 1991. NASA was ordered, however, by Congress to redesign the program in its fiscal year 1992 appropriations bill.
Goldin confirmed as NASA Chief
Authors: Jones Richard M. 
Published: October 2006

Daniel S. Goldin was sworn in as NASA's new administrator on April 1 after the Senate confirmed his nomination the day before. Goldin replaces Richard H. Truly, who resigned in February and left the position on April 1. Goldin made a favorable impression during his confirmation hearing on March 27 before the Senate Commerce Committee.It is widely recognized that outgoing Administrator Richard Truly resigned because of disagreements with the National Space Council. Sen. Albert Gore (D‐Tenn.) addressed this point early in the hearing, declaring that it is “critical” that NASA continue as an independent agency and “not as a wing of the White House.” Goldin's opening remarks addressed this point, as he said forcefully, “I will consult with you on a regular basis and I will be in charge of NASA.”
Budget “Walls” Stand; Big projects threatened
Authors: Jones Richard M. 
Published: October 2006

By decisive votes, both the House and Senate have rejected efforts to prevent massive cuts in domestic spending for fiscal year 1993 by dismantling the budget agreement that separates domestic and defense spending. At stake is funding for the superconducting super collider, the space station, the National Science Foundation, Mission to Planet Earth, and other programs.On March 26, a Senate move to allow changes between domestic and defense spending failed by a decisive ten votes. The House followed suit on March 31, voting 238 to 187 against a shift of almost $7 billion into the domestic spending account. Congress must now go to work on domestic appropriations bills with $6.7 billion less than what is needed to merely keep pace with inflation.
Chen receives First Scarf Award
Authors: Roelof Edmond C. 
Published: October 2006

At the AGU 1992 Spring Meeting in Montreal, Margaret Wei‐Mei Chen will be presented with the Space Physics and Aeronomy section's F.L. Scarf Award for outstanding dissertation research that contributes directly to solar‐planetary science. Chen will receive a cash award of $1,000 and present an invited paper on the subject of her dissertation in a SPA‐Magnetospheric Physics session at the meeting.Chen received her Ph.D. in physics from the University of California, Los Angeles, in September 1990. Her dissertation on “The Polar Wind and Ionic Outflow” involved the oretical analysis, numerical simulations, and comparison with observational data. Advised by Maha Ashour‐Abdalla, Chen incorporated kinetic processes such as ion heating into a macroscopic hydrodynamical model of the polar wind in order to investigate “non‐classical” effects in the polar wind. She also worked closely on this subject with Thomas E. Holzer of the NCAR High Altitude Observatory. In collaboration with William K. Peterson of Lockheed and Thomas E. Moore of NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Chen analyzed measurements from the Dynamics Explorer 1 spacecraft of upflowing ion streams in the polar cap region. These data were used to guide the theoretical modeling.
AGU lends a hand
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2006

Lend‐A‐Hand (LAH), AGU's newest program supporting the growth of geophysics in developing countries, got off the ground early this year and already sponsors ten members.LAH encourages current AGU members to sponsor a specific individual's dues and possibly journals through a contribution made directly to AGU. The program is geared toward individuals who are not currently AGU members because of currency restrictions and/or the low salaries in their native countries.
Restoration of observatory at Apia, Western Samoa
Authors: Tomlinson Lester 
Published: October 2006

The Apia Magnetic Observatory has been making recordings on the same site since 1905. As a result, it has one of the longest data sets for one site of any observatory in the world. Work is also done in meteorology, seismology, hydrology, and geology at the observatory. Despite damage to the observatory's instrumentation and facilities resulting from two tropical storms, it is collecting data once again.At the beginning of 1990, western Samoa was devastated by tropical cyclone Ofa. A great deal of damage was done at the Apia Observatory, which is located at the end of a peninsula protruding out into the lagoon. One office building was destroyed when it was washed off its foundations. The outer roof was blown off the magnetic variometer house and various amounts of damage were done to other buildings. Besides damage to the buildings, a great deal of damage was done to the instruments from salt water and spray, particularly to both the variometers and absolute instruments used in the geomagnetic program.
Academy issues report on Yucca Mountain
Authors: Bush Susan 
Published: October 2006

The National Academy of Sciences released a report on April 13 concluding that Yucca Mountain, the proposed nuclear waste repository site located about 100 miles northwest of Las Vegas, Nev., is not at risk from groundwater infiltration. “There is no evidence to support the assertion that the water table has risen periodically hundreds of meters from deep within the crust,” the report states.According to vice chairman of the NAS panel George A. Thompson of Stanford University, the panel was charged with evaluating whether the water table has risen in the past to the level of the proposed repository or if this might happen in the future. The panel was not responsible for determining whether Yucca Mountain is suitable as a repository site.
A forum for the teaching of geophysics
Authors: Holoviak Judy C. 
Published: October 2006

Here is a proposal for an experimental publication in an area new to AGU.AGU currently has five core publications: Eos communicates within the scientific community; Journal of Geophysical Research (all colors and hues) and Water Resources Research are the mainline archival journals; Geophysical Research Letters features quick, short, and timely publications; and Reviews of Geophysics integrates current research into coherent overviews. Nowhere does the Union offer a forum for the teaching of geophysics similar in scope to the American Journal of Physics, which, unfortunately, does not cover our territory.
The Karst Waters Institute
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2006

The Karst Waters Institute (KWI) is a U.S. research organization that was formed to combine the skills of academic, governmental, and private sector specialists to solve existing karst water problems and anticipate future problems. KWI has been incorporated as a not‐for‐profit corporation in West Virginia to provide the human expertise and database needed to assist the nation in the preservation and utilization of its water resources.KWI plans to develop a core of resident and visiting scientists from across the nation and overseas, technicians, support staff, and graduate students. Its mission is to conduct research to improve our understanding of karst phenomena, to develop techniques to prevent environmental problems from occurring in karst areas, to assist in rectifying existing environmental problems, and to provide education and training for professionals and the general public on the risks and benefits of karst areas.
Arctic ozone loss declines
Authors: Bush Susan 
Published: October 2006

NASA scientists have found that the degree of Arctic ozone depletion over parts of the United States, Canada, Europe, and Russia was lower than expected this past winter, despite record levels of chlorine monoxide, the dominant form of active chlorine that destroys ozone, and other ozone‐depleting chemicals measured in the stratosphere. The findings were presented at NASA Headquarters in Washington, D.C., on April 30.Ozone depletion does however remain a threat in the future, said Joe Waters of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif., because chlorine sources are long‐lived in the stratosphere. “With so much chlorine in the stratosphere, a slight temperature difference can make an enormous difference in the potential for ozone depletion,” he said.
Solar system research plan underway
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2006

The Committee on Planetary and Lunar Exploration (COMPLEX) of the National Research Council's Space Studies Board (SSB) provides advice to the U.S. federal government on solar system research. Over the past 20 years, COMPLEX has developed scientific strategies for the investigation of the inner solar system, the outer solar system, primitive bodies, and other solar systems.COMPLEX has been asked by the SSB to establish overall priorities for the exploration of the solar system throughout the next decade. COMPLEX will subdivide solar system science into five disciplines: solid bodies, atmospheres, rings and dust, and origins including meteorites, extra‐solar planetary systems, and theoretical modeling. In these areas, and across solar system science as a whole, we will summarize our current understanding, pose the most significant questions yet to be answered, and establish priorities for research.
1992 AGU Fellows
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2006

AGU congratulates the twenty‐eight distinguished scientists who were selected by a committee of their peers to be AGU Fellows in 1992. This selection was based on the individual attaining acknowledged eminence in a branch of geophysics.The number of Fellows selected annually is limited to no more than 0.1% of the AGU membership. The new Fellows are listed below along with citations recognizing their specific achievements.
NOAA's OAR program funding down
Authors: Bush Susan 
Published: October 2006

Proposed funding for NOAA's Oceanic and Atmospheric Research (OAR) is down for most programs in fiscal year 1993. NOAA's three primary programs funded through OAR are Climate and Air Quality, Climate and Global Change ($1.14 million or 59% of OAR), Atmospheric Research, Modernization of NOAA's Atmospheric Services ($4.08 million or 21% of OAR), and Ocean and Great Lakes Programs, Coastal Ocean Program ($3.87 million or 20%).OAR conducts research in marine and atmospheric sciences through its own laboratories and offices, as well as through a network of university‐based systems across the United States. OAR also provides the scientific basis for national policy formulation, such as climate and global change, the Clean Air Act, and ozone depletion. OAR is NOAA's primary contact for universities.
Space competitiveness bill stirs controversy
Authors: DeVito M. Catherine 
Published: October 2006

On April 9, a controversial bill that calls for commercializing NASA sounding rocket launch services was approved by the House Subcommittee on Space. Space scientists fear the bill will reduce the amount of research conducted and jeopardize a successful program.HR 3848, the Commercial Space Competitiveness Act of 1991, is sponsored by Rep. Ralph M. Hall (D‐Tex.) and was first referred to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology on November 21, 1991. Its purpose is “to encourage the growth and development of commercial space activities in the United States.” The bill now awaits action by the full committee. A vote is expected in early summer.
Assisting science in the Former Soviet Union
Authors: Leath Audrey T. 
Published: October 2006

The turmoil and economic hardships in the former Soviet Union have not bypassed its scientific community. Governments and scientists around the world bemoan the collapse of the Soviet science infrastructure and the potential loss of Soviet weapons scientists to untrustworthy nations. In joint research collaborations, many see both the chance to assist science in the former Soviet Union and a wellspring of potentially commercial technology.The biggest effort to date is a joint agreement among Russia, the European Community, Japan, and the United States to set up an International Science and Technology Center in Moscow. The center will act as a clearinghouse for proposals from the former Soviet Union to fund research for former weapons scientists. The member nations could support proposals either singularly or jointly. Although all the details have yet to be worked out, the United States has pledged $25 million to this effort so far.
The Fast Auroral Snapshot Explorer
Authors: Carlson Charles W. 
Published: October 2006

The auroral zone provides a natural laboratory for studies of plasma phenomena. In this laboratory, waves and nonlinear electrostatic and electromagnetic structures are produced and ions and electrons are accelerated and heated. The primary scientific objective of the Fast Auroral SnapshoT (FAST) Explorer is to study the microphysics of the low‐altitude auroral acceleration region with extremely high time‐resolution.A wide variety of auroral plasma phenomena have been discovered by recent experiments, but are not yet understood in detail. These include electrostatic shocks, small‐scale double layers, electrostatic and electromagnetic ion cyclotron waves, the fine structure of auroral kilometric radiation, counterstreaming field‐aligned electron beams, and upward‐flowing field‐aligned ion beams. In most of these experiments, temporal resolution was limited to the spin period of the spacecraft and ultimately constrained by the capacity of the data systems. Recent sounding‐rocket investigations have found that the plasma of the auroral zone possesses much finer temporal and spatial structures than have been resolved by satellites.
[comment on “Changing “Lifestyles” without graduates”] Geophysics in developing countries
Authors: Robertson James Orr 
Published: October 2006

As a water resources engineer/planner in developing countries from 1948 to 1989, I agree with Cinna Lomnitz regarding the effects of the brain drain (Eos, Aug. 6, 1991, p. 339).Let us face reality. Many of those students who decide to return and are fortunate enough to secure responsible government and consultancy posts spend a lot of their time looking over their shoulders to see who may jump the queue and “bag” their own jobs, especially if they are not well‐in with the politicians. So, although they're aware of what needs to be done, by the time they've attended endless meetings, looked after the day‐to‐day issues and associated paperwork, there's not much time left for “modifying their lifestyles.”
Discovery Mission Workshop planned
Authors: Huntress Wesley T. 
Published: October 2006

At the request of NASA's Solar System Exploration Division, the San Juan Capistrano Research Institute in San Juan Capistrano, Calif., will hold a workshop to evaluate concepts for low‐cost planetary missions. This Discovery Mission Workshop will be held November 17–20, 1992.The missions to be discussed will be part of a new program of low‐cost planetary missions called the Discovery Program. Analogous to the Explorer Program in astrophysics and space physics, the goals of the Discovery Program include an increase in flight rate and launch schedule certainty, a more continuous stream of planetary data, and broadened participation by universities and industry in division programs.
Nier receives 1992 Bowie medal
Authors: Anderson Don L. , Nier Alfred O. C. 
Published: October 2006

Alfred O.C. Nier was awarded the 1992 William Bowie Medal for outstanding contributions to fundamental geophysics and unselfish cooperation in research. The Bowie Medal, AGU's most distinguished honor, was presented to Nier on May 13 at the annual Spring Meeting Honors Ceremony in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.The award citation, delivered by Don L. Anderson, and Nier's response are presented below.
[Comment on “The Greenhouse Debate: Time for action?”] Urgency of CO2 emission control
Authors: Oeschger Hans , Joos Fortunat , Siegenthaler Ulrich 
Published: October 2006

In recent articles under the heading “The Greenhouse Debate: Time for Action?” (Eos, Vol. 72, No. 53, p. 593), M. E. Schlesinger and X. Jiang (S&J), and J. S. Risbey, M.D. Handel, and P.H. Stone (Risbey et al.) argue about the urgency of greenhouse gas emission reductions.Based on the results of climate model calculations for different greenhouse‐gas emission scenarios, Schlesinger and Jiang state that the penalty for a 10‐year delay in CO2 emission control is small. Risbey et al. challenge these conclusions, especially by pointing at non‐linearities and possible abrupt changes in the complex climate system, and at model studies that indicate large differences in regional and local impacts for small differences in global response. Further, they emphasize that changes in the socio‐industrial practices aiming at reducing greenhouse gas emissions would also help to ease other environmental problems such as ozone depletion and acid rain.
Volcanism not shocking enough for K/T stresses, study says
Authors: Blue Charles 
Published: October 2006

Recent discoveries have supported the theory that a massive asteroid hit the Earth some 65 m.y.a. at the time of the Cretaceous‐Tertiary (K/T) boundary. Many scientists contend, however, that the geologic evidence could also be the result of explosive volcanic eruptions.New laboratory studies, presented in the July 6 issue of Geophysical Research Letters, contest that claim and reveal that volcanic eruptions are not powerful enough to produce the geologic features associated with the K/T boundary.
Initial results from Giotto comet flyby
Authors: Cole Stephen 
Published: October 2006

The European Space Agency's Giotto spacecraft became the first probe to fly by two comets on July 10 when it flew to within 200 km of the nucleus of Comet Grigg‐Skjellerup. Giotto's previous comet encounter passed to within 600 km of Comet Halley in March 1986.Eight of the 11 instruments onboard were operating during the encounter and returned data. At a distance of 600,000 km from the nucleus, the first presence of cometary ions was detected by the Johnstone Plasma Analyser (JPA). The JPA and the Reme Plasma Analyser detected a bow shock or a bow wave that was much more distinct than had been predicted for such a weak comet.