bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neural correlates underlying creative ideation associated with malevolent or benevolent intentions
Authors: Gao Zhenni , Liu Xiaojin , Gao Mengxia , Hao Ning 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Creativity is a multifaceted cognitive process that can be driven by either malevolent or benevolent intentions, leading to divergent social outcomes. There is still uncertainty about the similarities and differences in the underlying neural activities of creativity associated with malevolent and benevolent intentions. This study investigates how intentions shape creative ideation using functional magnetic resonance imaging during malevolent and benevolent creative tasks. Key findings include: (i) overlapping activation in the middle frontal gyrus and superior frontal gyrus across tasks, indicating a shared neural basis for creative thinking; (ii) distinct activation patterns, with the malevolent creative task showing greater activation and reduced functional connectivity in regions such as the right rolandic operculum and supramarginal gyrus compared to the benevolent creative task; (iii) similar neural activity patterns in regions like the middle frontal gyrus and lingual gyrus between the malevolent creative task and benevolent creative task may indicate overlapping cognitive processes. (iv) Correlations between task-specific neural activity and behavioral performance, including malevolence negatively correlating with functional connectivity in the rolandic operculum and middle cingulate cortex during the malevolent creative task, and benevolence correlating with functional connectivity in the parahippocampal gyrus and insula during the benevolent creative task. This study indicated distinct and shared neural correlates linked to malevolent and benevolent creativity.
Risk-factor control and secondary prevention in ischemic heart disease in primary care: real-world insights from QregPV
Authors: Bager Johan-Emil , Mourtzinis Georgios , Simons Koen , Rosengren Annika , Åberg Maria , Andersson Tobias 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Aims
With current, stricter lipid and blood pressure targets in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD), secondary prevention may be insufficient and vary between patient groups and primary health care centres (PHCCs). We assessed the heterogeneity of risk-factor control and secondary prevention using contemporary Swedish primary-care data.

Methods
Cross-sectional study of IHD patients in September 2023 from QregPV, a Swedish regional primary-care register. We evaluated the proportions attaining risk-factor control (blood pressure &lt;140/90 mmHg, LDL-cholesterol [LDL-C] &lt;1.4 mmol/L, and non-smoking) and the use of lipid-lowering therapy (LLT) and antithrombotic therapy (ATT) by age and sex using logistic regression models. Heterogeneity among PHCCs was estimated using multilevel models and summarised as adjusted median odds ratios (aMOR).

Results
45 771 patients (34.5% women) were included. Combined risk-factor control was low, 15.5% (95% CI 15.0-16.0), mainly due to low LDL-C attainment, 20.7% (20.3-21.1). Combined risk-factor control decreased with higher age (p&lt;0.001) and was lower in women than in men, age-adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.60 (0.55-0.66). LLT and ATT were used by 77.2% (76.8-77.6) and 85.6% (85.2-85.9), with lower usage in women, aOR 0.52 (0.50-0.54) and aOR 0.58 (0.54-0.62). Substantial heterogeneity among PHCCs was observed, with combined risk-factor control aMOR 1.39 (1.32-1.48).

Conclusion
Combined risk-factor control was low, largely due to low LDL-C control, despite high LLT usage. Risk-factor control and the use of LLT and ATT varied between PHCCs and were lower in women than men. Concrete clinical strategies for attaining risk-factor goals in both sexes and for reducing PHCC variation are warranted.
Elevated lipoprotein(a) levels linked to new-onset atrial fibrillation: insights from a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Awad Kamal , Kamel Moaz , Mahmoud Ahmed K , Farina Juan M , Badr Amro , Pereyra Pietri Milagros , Scalia Isabel G , Abbas Mohammed Tiseer , Ali Nima Baba , Alsidawi Said , Lester Steven J , Abu Rmilah Anan , Barry Timothy , Shen Win-Kuang , Srivathsan Komandoor , Scott Luis R , El Masry Hicham , Valverde Arturo M , Sardana Mayank , Sorajja Dan , Ayoub Chadi , Arsanjani Reza 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Aims
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia. Although lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is known to be a well-established risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, its role in the development of AF, independent of this association, remains unclear.

Methods and results
Adult patients from the three Mayo Clinic sites with a baseline Lp(a) and without AF history were included. Patients were categorized into two groups based on their Lp(a) levels: high Lp(a) (≥50 mg/dL) and low Lp(a) (&lt;50 mg/dL). Survival probabilities free from incident AF were compared between Lp(a) groups, during a follow-up period up to 15 years, using the Kaplan–Meier curve and the log-rank test. Multivariable Cox regression analysis was also conducted. A total of 75 376 patients were included (median age: 55 years, 59% males), with a median follow-up duration of 8.8 (inter-quartile range: 3.4, 14.8) years. Incident AF was detected in 5738 (7.6%) patients. Survival probability free from incident AF was significantly lower in patients with elevated Lp(a) (86%) compared with those with low Lp(a) (88%, log-rank P &lt; 0.001). Multivariable analysis adjusted for potential risk factors of AF showed a statistically significant association of elevated Lp(a) with an 11% increase in AF risk (adjusted hazard ratio: 1.11, 95% confidence interval: 1.05–1.18).

Conclusion
Our study suggests that elevated Lp(a) (≥50 mg/dL) is an independent risk factor for incident AF. Future prospective studies are warranted to validate our results and to test if reducing Lp(a) could mitigate the burden of AF.
Identification and expression of a hydrophobic carboxylic acid reductase from Trichoderma virens
Authors: Goh Andrew Boon Huat , Ling Jonathan Guyang , Kamaruddin Shazilah , Murad Abdul Munir Abdul , Bakar Farah Diba Abu 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Carboxylic acid reductases (CARs) have been garnering attention in applications for the sustainable synthesis of aldehydes. Despite numerous discoveries, not all characteristics of CAR enzymes have been extensively studied or understood. Herein, we report the discovery and expression of a new CAR enzyme (TvirCAR2) from the ascomycetous fungus, Trichoderma virens. Tvircar2 is one of five putative CARs identified from analyses of the T. virens genome. In silico analyses showed that TvirCAR2 has a high hydrophobicity index and that its corresponding gene is part of a biosynthetic gene cluster predicted to synthesize hybrid PKS-NRPS secondary metabolites. TvirCAR2 was highly expressed as soluble and insoluble forms in an Escherichia coli expression host. The solubility of the purified TvirCAR2 necessitated the addition of glycerol in the purification and assay buffers. Substrate screening via molecular docking showed that benzoic acid was a suitable substrate candidate. The TvirCAR2 enzyme catalyzed the reduction of benzoic acid with a specific activity of around 1.4 µmol/h/mg. Homologs which are predicted to exhibit similar hydrophobicity are the CARs from Stachybotrys bisbyi (StbB) which is involved in the production of the meroterpenoid, ilicicolin B, and Trichoderma reesei (TrCAR) which is part of a similar but still uncharacterized biosynthetic gene cluster.
Chromosome-Level Genome Assembly and Annotation of Corallium rubrum: A Mediterranean Coral Threatened by Overharvesting and Climate Change
Authors: Ledoux Jean-Baptiste , Gomez-Garrido Jessica , Cruz Fernando , Camara Ferreira Francisco , Matos Ana , Sarropoulou Xenia , Ramirez-Calero Sandra , Aurelle Didier , Lopez-Sendino Paula , Grayson Natalie E , Moore Bradley S , Antunes Agostinho , Aguilera Laura , Gut Marta , Salces-Ortiz Judit , Fernández Rosa , Linares Cristina , Garrabou Joaquim , Alioto Tyler 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Reference genomes are key resources in biodiversity conservation. Yet, sequencing efforts are not evenly distributed across the tree of life raising concerns over our ability to enlighten conservation with genomic data. Good-quality reference genomes remain scarce in octocorals while these species are highly relevant targets for conservation. Here, we present the first annotated reference genome in the red coral, Corallium rubrum (Linnaeus, 1758), a habitat-forming octocoral from the Mediterranean and neighboring Atlantic, impacted by overharvesting and anthropogenic warming-induced mass mortality events. Combining long reads from Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT), Illumina paired-end reads for improving the base accuracy of the ONT-based genome assembly, and Arima Hi-C contact data to place the sequences into chromosomes, we assembled a genome of 532 Mb (20 chromosomes, 309 scaffolds) with contig and scaffold N50 of 1.6 and 18.5 Mb, respectively. Fifty percent of the sequence (L50) was contained in seven superscaffolds. The consensus quality value of the final assembly was 42, and the single and duplicated gene completeness reported by BUSCO was 86.4% and 1%, respectively (metazoa_odb10 database). We annotated 26,348 protein-coding genes and 34,548 noncoding transcripts. This annotated chromosome-level genome assembly, one of the first in octocorals and the first in Scleralcyonacea order, is currently used in a project based on whole-genome resequencing dedicated to the conservation and management of C. rubrum.
Sustained purpose in life is associated with slower cognitive decline in older adults: A longitudinal analysis with a diverse national sample
Authors: Friedman Elliot M , Thomas Patricia A , Sauerteig-Rolston Madison R , Barnes Lisa L , Ferraro Kenneth F 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objectives
Purpose in life is positively associated with cognitive function and better maintenance of cognitive function over time in aging adults. However, purpose in life itself declines over time, and we examined whether such changes are related to changes in cognition and whether this varied by race and ethnicity.

Method
The current study used three waves of data from the nationally representative survey, Health and Retirement Study (HRS; N = 9,808), to examine the longitudinal associations between purpose in life and cognitive function in White, Black, and Hispanic adults age 65 and older. Purpose in life was measured using the 7-item version of the Ryff Psychological Well-Being scale. Cognitive function was assessed using a modified version of the TICS (Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status).

Results
Growth curve models showed that purpose in life and cognitive function both declined over time, initial levels of purpose and cognitive function were positively associated, and less decline in purpose was associated with less decline in cognitive function. Addition of interaction terms for race and ethnicity showed that the positive association between initial levels of purpose in life and cognitive function was stronger in Black participants than in White or Hispanic participants; there were no racial or ethnic differences in the longitudinal associations.

Discussion
These results show that maintaining higher levels of purpose in life may protect cognitive abilities in older adults from diverse racial and ethnic groups.
Identification of Small Open Reading Frame Encoded Proteins from the Human Genome
Authors: Kore Hitesh , Okano Satomi , Datta Keshava K , Thorp Jackson , Periasamy Parthiban , Divate Mayur , Liyanage Upekha , Hartel Gunter , Nagaraj Shivashankar H , Gowda Harsha 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
One of the main goals of human genome project was to identify all the protein-coding genes. There are ∼ 20,500 protein-coding genes annotated in human reference databases. However, in the last few years, proteogenomics studies have predicted thousands of novel protein-coding regions including low molecular weight proteins encoded by small open reading frames (ORFs) in untranslated regions of messenger RNAs and non-coding RNAs. Most of these predictions are based on bioinformatics analysis and ribosome footprints. The validity of some of these small ORF (sORF) encoded proteins (SEPs) has been established following functional characterization. With the growing number of predicted novel proteins, a strategy to identify reliable candidates that warrant further studies is needed. We developed an integrated proteogenomics workflow to identify reliable set of novel protein-coding regions in the human genome based on their recurrent observations across multiple samples. Publicly available ribosome profiling and global proteomics datasets were used to establish protein-coding evidence. We predicted protein translation from 4008 ORFs based on recurrent ribosome occupancy signals across samples. In addition, we identified 825 SEPs based on proteomics data. Some of the novel protein-coding regions identified were in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) loci associated with various traits and disease phenotypes. Peptides from SEPs are also presented by major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) complex similar to canonical proteins. Novel protein-coding regions reported in this study expand the current catalog of protein-coding genes and warrant experimental studies to elucidate cellular functions regulated by these proteins and their role in human diseases.
Sorbitol impregnation reduces freeze–thaw damage in potato slices subjected to different freezing methods
Authors: Liu Wuyi , Jiayi Gao , Sun Xiyun , Wang Yaoyao , Xiao Hongwei , Liu Chunju , Wang Haiou 
Published: February 2025

Summary
This study investigated the effect of sorbitol impregnation on freeze–thaw damage in potato slices subjected to four freezing methods: −40 °C contact plate freezing (−40 °C-CPF), −80 °C contact plate freezing (−80 °C-CPF), liquid nitrogen freezing (LNF), and vacuum freezing (VF) to compare their freezing characteristics, water status, cell activity, and microstructure. Results indicate that sorbitol impregnation significantly reduced the drip loss (DL), the freezing time and the relative electrical conductivity (REC) (except for LNF) of freeze–thawed potato slices, presenting a higher reduction in REC index under the freezing method of −80 °C-CPF. Low-frequency nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) analysis showed that the change in the peak area proportion of sorbitol-impregnated sample at −80 °C-CPF was found to be minimal, which was beneficial for the retention of water. Compared with LNF and VF freezing methods, it retained relatively more intact cell structures and exhibited less cell death. Overall, sorbitol impregnation derived more alleviation of freeze–thaw damage in potato slices under the −80 °C-CPF freezing method.
“Smaller Goals Were Achieved”: Feminist Peace Archives in Israel and Communal Methods of Repair
Authors: Aharoni Sarai B , Eyal Hedva , Preser Ruth 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The article engages with the potential of feminist archiving-as-activism as a communal method of repair that can enable a more responsible research agenda toward women’s resistance to armed conflict. The study is based on a local, dialogical approach and on qualitative data obtained through a series of 35 interviews with Israeli feminist peace activists, scholars and archivists and on an ethnographic survey of 11 Feminist Peace Archives (FPAs) conducted in 2019–2022. The analysis is embedded in a reparative logic of imagining future FPAs in Israel/Palestine by listening to stories about endurance and failure. We discuss four themes: (1) the types of materials produced by feminist peace organizations; (2) the current location of historical records; (3) decision-making processes regarding preservation and archiving; and (4) the overall importance of creating feminist peace archives even under conditions of long-term failure. We find that “archives of failure” are characterized by silences that are manifested in parallel practices of preservation and erasure of materials and reverberate the activism failure, and the fear of being forgotten altogether. As such, the act of questioning is by itself a form of reparative archival work that involves an effort to subvert the silencing of everyday stories of peace and cooperation.
Low-density lipoprotein apheresis for refractory lupus nephritis: A case demonstrating marked improvement in proteinuria, haematuria, and kidney function
Authors: Iwamura Narumichi , Matsukuma Yuta , Tsutsumi Kanako , Higashi Narumi , Shomura Seiya , Uesugi Noriko , Hamashoji Takafumi , Arita Yui , Deguchi Takashi , Nakano Toshiaki 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) predominantly involves the kidneys, causing lupus nephritis (LN). Patients with diffuse proliferative LN frequently experience poor outcomes despite advances in immunosuppressive therapies. Low-density lipoprotein apheresis (LDL-A) has been a potential therapeutic option for steroid-resistant nephrotic syndromes (NSs), but its efficacy in LN remains unknown. Here, we report the case of a 26-year-old female patient with SLE and LN classified as IV + V (G) A/C according to the renal pathology society, who developed refractory NS, severe haematuria, and declining renal function. The initial induction therapy, which included hydroxychloroquine, glucocorticoids, mycophenolate mofetil, and belimumab, proved to be ineffective. Consequently, LDL-A significantly improved proteinuria, haematuria, and kidney function. The urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio decreased from 7.15 to 0.61 g/gCr, and haematuria dropped from &gt;100 to 10–19 erythrocytes per high-power field. Additionally, complement levels were improved and anti-double-stranded DNA antibody titres were reduced. Ascribing these improvements solely to LDL-A remains challenging, but the rapid proteinuria and haematuria reduction within 48 h indicates a substantial contribution of LDL-A to the clinical response. The effluent from LDL-A contained not only LDL cholesterol but also measurable amounts of immunoglobulin G and M, which may have contributed to the reduction in LN activity. This case represents the first report of a marked haematuria reduction following LDL-A in LN. LDL-A is a valuable adjunctive treatment in patients with refractory NS or highly active LN unresponsive to standard induction therapies.
Adverse Neurologic Events of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Monotherapy vs. Combination Therapy for Melanoma
Authors: Das Nikita , Dhamija Ravi , Kaelber David C , Kelly Michael , Xie Peter , Reddy Deven 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Over the past decade, novel immune checkpoint inhibitors have revolutionized melanoma treatment. These new therapies are associated with complex immune-related adverse events. This study examines whether combination anti-PD-1/CTLA-4 immunotherapy for melanoma is associated with increased incidence of neurologic irAEs (n-irAEs) compared to anti-PD-1 monotherapy.

Methods
A retrospective, multicenter study using TriNetX identified adult melanoma patients receiving anti-PD-1 monotherapy (pembrolizumab or nivolumab) [Cohort 1: n=10,586] and patients receiving anti-PD-1/CTLA-4 combination therapy (nivolumab + ipilimumab) [Cohort 2: n=5,705]. Propensity score matching generated final cohorts (n=5,185) using covariates: gender, race, age at diagnosis, TNM staging, nervous system metastasis, and history of neurologic disease. Odds ratios (OR) for n-irAE subtypes at 3- and 5- years post-therapy initiation were calculated, and Kaplan-Meier analyses assessed overall survival by aggregate n-irAE status in each cohort.

Results
At 3 years, patients receiving combination immunotherapy exhibited increased risk of immune-related meningitis [OR: 2.6, 95% CI: (1.7, 4.1)] and encephalitis [OR: 3.0 , 95% CI: (1.9, 4.9)], peripheral neuropathy [OR: 1.3, 95% CI (1.1, 1.5)], and myopathy [OR: 1.5, 95% CI: (1.1, 2.1)], but no significantly increased risk of demyelinating syndromes [OR: 1.5, 95% CI: (0.82, 2.6)], vasculitis [OR: 0.88, 95% CI: (0.43, 1.8)], or neuromuscular junction disorders [OR: 1.3, 95% CI: (0.87, 2.0)]. At 5 years, these trends for risk of neurologic irAEs persisted. There was no significant difference in overall survival by n-irAE presence at 3 or 5 years in either cohort.

Conclusions
Melanoma patients receiving combination anti-PD-1/CTLA-4 immunotherapy have greater long-term risk of n-irAEs than patients receiving anti-PD-1 monotherapy.
Predictive model for daily risk alerts in sepsis patients in the ICU: visualization and clinical analysis of risk indicators
Authors: Yang Hao , Li Jiaxi , Zhang Chi , Sierra Alejandro Pazos , Shen Bairong 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective
This study aims to develop a Transformer-based time-series modeling approach to predict patient outcomes in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). The primary goal is to improve the identification of patients at elevated risk, thereby optimizing therapeutic interventions and prognostic assessments.

Methods
We developed two-stage transformer models that account for the duration of patients' ICU stays, integrating features from prior days using the eICU dataset. The Transformer-based model was designed to capture the evolving health dynamics of patients, enabling a more nuanced understanding of changes in their medical condition. We systematically increased the volume of integrated data to assess its direct impact on model performance.

Results
The model exhibited a strong alignment with patients' actual conditions, achieving an initial Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.87 (±0.021) on the first day, which improved to 0.92 (±0.009) by the fifth day. External validation on a Chinese ICU sepsis dataset showed an accuracy of approximately 81.8%, with an AUC of 0.73. Further validation using the MIMIC-IV-3.1 dataset resulted in an accuracy of 76.56% and an AUC of 0.84, highlighting the model's robust performance across different data sources. Using the SHAP visualization algorithm, we generated activation heatmaps of life features associated with mortality as the time sequence progressed, providing valuable insights into the model's predictive capabilities.

Conclusion
Our findings indicate that the proposed Transformer-based time-series modeling approach has significant potential for enhancing the accuracy and timeliness of patient outcome predictions in ICU settings. The observed relationship between the volume of integrated data and model performance highlights the approach's capacity to offer valuable insights and reliable predictions for patient prognosis and treatment.