bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental Methods for Establishing and Maintaining Canine Bladder Cancer Organoids
Authors: Elbadawy Mohamed , Zdyrski Christopher , Wickham Hannah , Saba Corey F , Thenuwara Savantha , Mosichuk Alison , Sahoo Dipak Kumar , Mochel Jonathan P. , Allenspach Karin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Dogs share many anatomical and physiological characteristics with humans and, in certain instances, represent a more reliable research model than rodents for some diseases, including several types of human cancer. Advances in adult stem cell research have accelerated the development of 3D organoid cultures in non-model animals, such as dogs. These advancements have the potential to significantly impact disease modeling, biomarker discovery, and drug development for both human and canine diseases, including bladder cancer (BC). In this Chapter, we present a standardized protocol for generating BC organoids from canines. The chapter describes the detailed methodology for establishing canine BC organoids from urine or tissue-derived stem cells. Additionally, it highlights the potential of these organoids to recapitulate the expression of key markers from their original tissues and their utility in various biomedical applications such as drug screening, gene mutation analysis, and toxicology. Finally, we discuss potential future research directions for canine BC organoids in translational research.
A Case Series of Patients with Altered Gut Anatomy Treated for Biliary Disease with Percutaneous Transhepatic Cholangioscopy with Lithotripsy
Authors: Chaudhary Ammad Javaid , Faisal Muhammad Salman , Ashraf Taha , Dang Duyen , Elatrache Mazen , Pompa Robert , Watson Andrew , Piraka Cyrus , Zuchelli Tobias , Singla Sumit 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background and Aims: Treating obstructive bile duct pathologies in individuals with altered bowel anatomy is challenging, since the physiological context may render endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) difficult or unfeasible. Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC) with drain placement can provide adequate drainage in this patient group, but it has limited therapeutic options.
Methods: In this case series, we present 14 patients with altered bowel anatomy who underwent PTC drain placement followed by percutaneous cholangioscopy (PC) between January 2015 and May 2022 at a single institution.
Results: Of the 14 patients, most common indication for PTC was choledocholithiasis in 13 (92.9%) patients and 8 (57.1%) of these patients exhibited cholangitis on initial presentation. The mean age was 66.4 years, and most were female (64.3%). All patients had altered anatomy, with Roux-en-Y gastric bypass being the most common (71.4%). There were 3 patients who had previous unsuccessful attempts at ERCP. Pre-procedural laboratory tests indicated elevated mean liver enzyme levels, and all cases of choledocholithiasis were successfully treated (92.9%). No complications were reported in any patients after a mean follow-up period of more than 2 years.
Conclusions Cholangioscopy and lithotripsy via the PTC route may be a viable therapeutic option, with a high success rate and low risks, when ERCP is challenging or impossible due to patient’s altered gut anatomy.
Approximate KNN Query Processing of Multiple Data Sources Based on Data Source Selection
Authors: Zhang Yu , Song Xin , Wei Yonggang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
A KNN query aims to identify the K closest neighbors or tuples from a dataset based on a specified distance metric. This paper delves into the realm of approximate KNN query processing, focusing on the meticulous selection of multiple data sources characterized by diverse dimensions. We provide a framework for processing approximate KNN queries over multiple data sources, proposing algorithms to construct a UBR-Tree and a Centroid Base for selecting related data sources and retrieving KNN tuples. We enhance and apply an index structure to quickly retrieve related data sources and KNN tuples for a query. For a KNN query Q, the query processing consists of the following steps: (1) Estimate a search distance using the index structure. (2) Use the search distance to select relevant data sources from the Centroid Base, sorting them according to their representative tuple. (3) Employ a heap structure to merge the local KNN tuples obtained from the related data sources to form global KNN tuples for Q. Additionally, update the index structure when processing the query. Extensive experiments over low-dimensional and high-dimensional datasets demonstrate the performances of our proposed approaches.
Time-series of Landsat-based spectral indices for continental Europe for 2000--2022 to support soil health monitoring
Authors: Tian Xuemeng , Hengl Tom , Consoli Davide , Schneider Florian , Parente Leandro , Şahin Murat , Minařík Robert , Ho Yu-Feng 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
As the importance of soil health in supporting European ecosystems and agriculture becomes increasingly critical, effective monitoring is essential for its protection and restoration. This paper describes production and quality assessment of a data cube (17TB in size) derived from Landsat Analysis Ready Data version 2 (ARD V2) dataset and tailored for soil health monitoring, featuring multiple spectral indices, long time span, high resolution, and analysis readiness. The focus was on indices of importance for monitoring soil health: Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI), Fraction of Absorbed Photosynthetically Active Radiation (FAPAR), Normalized Difference Snow Index (NDSI), Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), Normalized Difference Tillage Index (NDTI), minimum Normalized Difference Tillage Index (minNDTI), Bare Soil Fraction (BSF), Number of Seasons (NOS) and Crop Duration Ratio (CDR). The data set is available with a resolution of 30~m, with bimonthly (i.e. one image available per two months), annual, and long-term analysis throughout continental Europe, including Ukraine, the UK, and Turkey, covering 2000 to 2022. The results of the quality assessment, including both visual examination and plausibility check with ground survey data, show that these indices can effectively capture environmental processes and offer insight into soil health through aspects such as vegetation, crop status, tillage practices, and soil exposure directly or serve as covariates in digital soil mapping. In particular, the BSF shows a strong negative correlation of -0.73 with crop coverage data from 2006 to 2017, suggesting an effective detection of soil exposure. The minNDTI shows a moderate positive correlation of 0.57 with the Eurostat tillage practices survey data, indicating that it provides valuable information on tillage intensity, although not definitively. This data set is analysis-ready and cloud-optimized, making it suitable for applications in soil property mapping and the development of comprehensive soil health assessment approaches throughout Europe.
Discounted Mean-Field Game model of a dense static crowd with variable information crossed by an intruder
Authors: Butano Matteo , Appert-Rolland Cécile , Ullmo Denis 
Published: April 2024

It was demonstrated in [Bonnemain et al., Phys. Rev. E 107, 024612 (2023)] that the anticipation pattern displayed by a dense crowd crossed by an intruder can be successfully described by a minimal Mean-Field Games model. However, experiments show that changes in the pedestrian knowledge significantly modify the dynamics of the crowd. Here, we show that the addition of a single parameter, the discount factor \gammaγ, which gives a lower weight to events distant in time, is sufficient to observe the whole variety of behaviors observed in the experiments. We present a comparison between the discounted MFG and the experimental data, also providing new analytic results and insight about how the introduction of \gammaγ modifies the model.
Occurrence and detection of pharmaceuticals in wastewater and its subsequent treatment using constructed wetlands, bioelectrochemical systems and their combination
Authors: Jain Mahak , Majumder Abhradeep , Mandal Pubali , Singh Shalini , Ghosal Partha Sarathi , Yadav Manoj Kumar 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Pharmaceutically active compounds (PhAC) are pervasive in aqueous environments, and their presence poses an ever-increasing threat to aquatic creatures and all associated living forms. Most PhACs are extremely hydrophilic and have a complicated molecular structure, preventing them from being destroyed by traditional wastewater treatment methods. In addition, these contaminants are present at such a low concentration that their detection poses a significant challenge. Researchers have utilized advanced oxidation processes to degrade these chemicals over time. However, most studies have been conducted on the lab scale and do not function well for real wastewater since many interfering substances are present. In addition, these techniques are expensive and result in the production of harmful byproducts. To combat the PhACs, it is vital to develop a sustainable economic strategy. This book chapter discusses the occurrence of PhACs in wastewater, their potential environmental impacts, and the necessary procedures for accurately quantifying these compounds. The book addresses the possibilities of biological systems, such as constructed wetlands (CW) and bioelectrochemical systems (BES), in the hunt for a sustainable method of eliminating PhACs. CWs have been selected because they are robust systems with several simultaneous removal mechanisms. BES have also demonstrated considerable potential for treating these substances in wastewater and producing bioelectricity. In addition, the chapter discusses an emerging technology, that is, hybrid CW–BES systems, which utilize the benefits of both CW and BES and may prove to be an efficient approach to treating wastewater, removing PhACs, and generating electricity simultaneously.
Fate and behaviour of pharmaceutical and personal care products in wastewater
Authors: Bakshi Akanksha , Latwal Megha , Sonali  , Sharma Nitika , Sharma Anamika , Katnoria Jatinder Kaur , Nagpal Avinash Kaur 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Nowadays, pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) are being used by almost every section of society and are classified as ‘emerging pollutants’ due to their adverse effects on human and environmental health. They consist of different chemical compounds, hormones, and human and veterinarian prescription drugs. These are discharged into wastewater and find their way to aquatic ecosystems and even drinking water. A rising environmental problem is the presence of pharmaceuticals, hormones, and personal care products in sources of drinking and surface water. These substances have been identified in samples of surface water, groundwater and even drinking water in quantities ranging from parts-per-trillion (ng/L) to parts-per-billion (μg/L). Traditional sewage treatment plants and industrial wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) can get rid of common pollutants like pathogens, nutrients, and organic matter but they fail to remove PPCPs which causes them to be released into the aquatic environment. Individual PPCPs can be successfully removed using a variety of treatment methods, such as membrane filtering, granular activated carbon, and advanced oxidation procedures. The use of a membrane bioreactor might also be an attractive means for dealing with pharmaceuticals. Due to their negative impacts on the ecosystem, information on their fate and interaction is essential for their management. Therefore, the present study focuses on the sources, types, effects, monitoring and suitable removal techniques for different PPCPs.
A review of occurrence of emerging contaminants and the advanced analytical techniques used for detection and removal of these pollutants in wastewater
Authors: Sihlahla Masixole , Mngadi Sihle 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This chapter focuses on reviewing the literature that provides reliable and quantitative information on emerging contaminants (ECs) in wastewater, focusing on their occurrence, detection and removal efficiency using advanced analytical techniques. In addition, providing knowledge on areas of ECs that are non-regulated since the environmental legislations and policies are being developed. Some of the classes of ECs include pharmaceuticals, nanomaterials, herbicides, personal care products and microplastics and many more. ECs have been identified as an environmental problem globally and are a result of different compounds ranging from inorganic to organic compounds which are released into the environment. ECs are commonly found in aquatic environments and the main source of ECs are municipal wastewater, domestic discharge, hospital effluents, industrial wastewater and agricultural run-off. The presence of ECs poses health problems and ecological impacts associated with them. The elevated concentration of ECs in wastewater has necessitated a need to research their varying detection techniques and different ways of removal. Water contamination by ECs is also attributed to an increase in urbanization, industrialization and agricultural activities. Current wastewater treatment plants are inefficient in the removal of ECs as they were not initially designed for the treatment and removal of ECs, these may result in the transformation of EC products that are undetected and unregulated. These products exhibit similar toxicity as their parental ECs, while some of the ECs have been recognized as endocrine-disrupting chemicals. Due to new ECs being introduced, there is a gap in knowledge of their detection and treatment techniques for their removal, thus demonstrating a need for integrated analytical approaches that compliments the screening and removal of target and non-targeted ECs with biological assays. Development advancement of analytical techniques has enabled the detection, identification and treatment of ECs in trace concentration (mg to ng/L), and the development and advancement of hybrid treatment systems are emerging promising treatment solutions. The use of nanomaterials and phytoremediation approaches are new approaches widely studied as a good potential process for remediating the ECs in wastewater.
Can stormwater runoff measurements be used for weather radar rainfall adjustment?
Authors: Nielsen Janni Mosekær , Rasmussen Michael Robdrup , Thorndahl Søren , Ahm Malte Kristian Skovby , Nielsen Jesper Ellerbæk 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Predicting the response to rainfall in urban hydrological applications requires accurate precipitation estimates with a high spatiotemporal resolution to reflect the natural variability of rainfall. However, installing rain gauges under nearly ideal measurement conditions is often difficult in urban areas, if not impossible. This paper demonstrates the potential of deriving rainfall measurements in urban areas and bias-adjusting weather radar rainfall measurements using stormwater runoff measurements. As a supplement to point rainfall measurements from rain gauges, the developed bias adjustment approach uses catchment runoff-rainfall estimates derived from water level measurements of a stormwater detention pond. The study shows that the bias-adjusted radar product correlates highly with rain gauge measurements in the catchment. Moreover, the presented approach enables rainfall measurements within a catchment independent of rain gauges located in the catchment, making the technique highly applicable for increasing the density of ground observations and thus improving weather radar precipitation estimates over urban areas. The method also derives the catchment-specific runoff coefficient independently of expensive flow measurements in the catchment, making the method very scalable. This paper highlights the potential of using easily achievable catchment runoff-rainfall measurements to increase the density of available ground observations and thereby improve weather radar precipitation estimates.
Monitoring SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater from a shared septic system and sub-sewershed sites to expand COVID-19 disease surveillance
Authors: Pasha A. B. Tanvir , Kotlarz Nadine , Holcomb David , Reckling Stacie , Kays Judith , Bailey Erika , Guidry Virginia , Christensen Ariel , Berkowitz Steven , Engel Lawrence S. , de los Reyes Francis , Harris Angela 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Wastewater-based epidemiology has expanded as a tool for collecting COVID-19 surveillance data, but there is limited information on the feasibility of this form of surveillance within decentralized wastewater systems (e.g., septic systems). This study assessed SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentrations in wastewater samples from a septic system servicing a mobile home park (66 households) and from two pumping stations serving a similarly sized (71 households) and a larger (1,000 households) neighborhood within a nearby sewershed over 35 weeks in 2020. Also, raw wastewater from a hospital in the same sewershed was sampled. The mobile home park samples had the highest detection frequency (39/39 days) and mean concentration of SARS-CoV-2 RNA (2.7 × 107 gene copies/person/day for the N1) among the four sampling sites. N1 gene and N2 gene copies were highly correlated across mobile home park samples (Pearson's r = 0.93, p &lt; 0.0001). In the larger neighborhood, new COVID-19 cases were reported every week during the sampling period; however, we detected SARS-CoV-2 RNA in 12% of the corresponding wastewater samples. The results of this study suggest that sampling from decentralized wastewater infrastructure can be used for continuous monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 infections.
The operation. A human cardiac transplant: an interim report of a successful operation performed at Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town
Authors: Barnard K. 
Published: April 2024

Original publication: Barnard C.N. The operation. A human cardiac transplant: an interim report of a successful operation performed at Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town. S. Afr. Med. J. 1967;41(48):1271-4. The article translated into Russian with the official permission of South African Medical Association. The list of references has been reproduced exactly as it originally appeared. Translated by Vasily I. Kaleda, vasily.kaleda@gmail.com; http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4002-873X
Heart transplantation. Issues of clinic and theory
Authors: Burakovsky V. , Frolova M. , Falkovsky G. 
Published: April 2024

We reproduce the introduction from monograph by Vladimir I. Burakovsky, Maria A. Frolova, George E. Falkovsky “Heart transplantation. Issues of clinic and theory”. We are grateful to George E. Falkovsky for the permission to do this. The paper was originally published in 1977.
PREVALENCE OF FLUOROQUINOLONES RESISTANCE AMONG ESBL-PRODUCING ESCHERICHIA COLI ISOLATED FROM URINE SAMPLES
Authors: Ranjan Kumar Sharma  , Nitin Gupta  , Gurpreet Banga  , Aditi Minhas  , Rosy Bala  , Harit Kumar  
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND
Resistance among uropathogens has emerged as a growing concern necessitating re-evaluation of the efficacy of recommended empiric antimicrobial regimens. Misuse and overuse of various antibacterial agents in hospitals is a key cause of the emergence of anti-microbial resistance.
Aims: To identify the prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli from urine specimens and to know the prevalence of Fluoroquinolone resistance among ESBL-producing Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolates.
Material and method: The study was conducted on 500 E. coli isolates from urine samples received in the Department of Microbiology, MMIMSR, Mullana, Ambala. The organism isolation and identification were done as per the standard procedures and antibiotic sensitivity testing was done following CLSI guidelines. All the strains were screened out for ESBL production as per CLSI guidelines. Ciprofloxacin, Norfloxacin, and Ofloxacin discs were used for the detection of fluoroquinolone resistance.
Results: Out of the total 500 E. Coli isolates from urine samples received in our laboratory, 69% were found to be ESBL producers.
Conclusion: We found a high level of quinolone resistance among ESBL-producing Escherichia coli strains isolated from patients with UTI. Because of the widespread use of fluoroquinolones in our country, there is a need for sensitive antibiotic stewardship. Further research is needed to ascertain the gravity of quinolone resistance and to swiftly act against its spread among other nosocomial pathogens.
ANALISIS PERSEDIAAN BAHAN BAKU USAHA SAMBAL BAWANG PADA USAHA KECIL MENENGAH SAL-HAN DI KOTA PALU
Authors: Ariawan I Made , Sulaeman Sulaeman , Akbar Ali 
Published: April 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk : 1) Mengetahui jumlah pembelian bahan baku bawang yang ekonomis (EOQ) pada IKM Sal-Han, 2) Mengetahui berapa banyak persediaan pengaman (Safety stock) pada IKM Sal-Han, 3) Mengetahui waktu yang tepat bagi UKM Sal-Han untuk melakukan pemesanan kembali (ROP). Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan data primer dan data skunder. Alat analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah Economi Order Quantity (EOQ).
Total biaya persediaan, persediaan pengaman dan titik pemesanan kembali. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa jumlah pembelian ekonomis bahan baku Bawang dengan menggunakan metode EOQ, analisis persediaan bahan baku di UKM Sal-Han pada periode produksi Januari sampai Desember tahun 2022, dengan rata-rata sebesar 37,92 Kg. Persediaan pengaman (safety stock) ratarata yang harus selalu tersedia di gudang UKM Sal-Han adalah sebesar 4 Kg. Titik pemesanan
kembali bahan baku Bawang yang harus dilakukan oleh UKM Sal-Han pada periode produksi Januari sampai Desember 2022 dalam gudang penyimpanan dengan rata-rata sebesar 22,96 Kg.
Depletion of TBC1D4 Improves the Metabolic Exercise Response by Overcoming Genetically Induced Peripheral Insulin Resistance
Authors: Springer Christian , Binsch Christian , Weide Deborah , Toska Laura , Cremer Anna L. , Backes Heiko , Scheel Anna K. , Espelage Lena , Kotzka Jörg , Sill Sebastian , Kurowski Anette , Kim Daebin , Karpinski Sandra , Schnurr Theresia M. , Hansen Torben , Hartwig Sonja , Lehr Stefan , Cames Sandra , Brüning Jens C. , Lienhard Matthias , Herwig Ralf , Börno Stefan , Timmermann Bernd , Al-Hasani Hadi , Chadt Alexandra 
Published: April 2024

The Rab-GTPase–activating protein (RabGAP) TBC1D4 (AS160) represents a key component in the regulation of glucose transport into skeletal muscle and white adipose tissue (WAT) and is therefore crucial during the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Increased daily activity has been shown to be associated with improved postprandial hyperglycemia in allele carriers of a loss-of-function variant in the human TBC1D4 gene. Using conventional Tbc1d4-deficient mice (D4KO) fed a high-fat diet, we show that moderate endurance exercise training leads to substantially improved glucose and insulin tolerance and enhanced expression levels of markers for mitochondrial activity and browning in WAT from D4KO animals. Importantly, in vivo and ex vivo analyses of glucose uptake revealed increased glucose clearance in interscapular brown adipose tissue and WAT from trained D4KO mice. Thus, chronic exercise is able to overcome the genetically induced insulin resistance caused by Tbc1d4 depletion. Gene variants in TBC1D4 may be relevant in future precision medicine as determinants of exercise response.

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