bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of waist circumference with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in diabetes from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2018
Authors: Song Bin , Ji Huizhong , Li Xuehui , Chen Hui , Sun Xueli , Tian Tian , Geng Yang , Wang Xin , Zhang Hengzhong , Wu Yumei , Liu Yan , Pei Changjun , Cao Ling 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Introduction: In diabetes mellitus (DM), the relationship between waist circumference (WC) and mortality is scarce. Herein, we explored all-cause and cardiovascular mortality relationships with the baseline WC among individuals with DM.
Methods: US adults with DM (3151 women and 3473 men) from NHANES 2003-2018 who had WC measurement at the baseline were included. The national death index was employed to obtain their survival data from the enrollment till 2019. The mortality risk was calculated using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models, smooth curve fitting, and threshold effect analysis.
Results: Among a total of 6624 participants with diabetes, 621 women and 871 men died during the median follow-up of 6.8 and 6.3 years, respectively. With all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, WC exhibited a U-shaped association among females and a J-shaped trend among males. The adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) along with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for all-cause mortality given WC values below and above 107.0 cm were 0.97 (0.96–0.98) and 1.04 (1.02–1.05), respectively, among women; and those below and above 89.0 cm were 0.94 (0.90–0.97) and 1.03 (1.02–1.05), respectively, among men.
Conclusions: WC presented a U-shaped relationship among women, and a J-shaped relation among men regarding all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among US adults with DM from NHANES.
The influence of water rights transfer policy on farmers' intention to conserve water
Authors: Su Zhaoxian , Fu Hao 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Exploring the factors influencing farmers' water conservation intentions under the water rights transfer policy is crucial for developing equitable water rights systems and safeguarding farmers' interests. Leveraging data from 608 respondents in the Yellow Irrigation District of Inner Mongolia, China, integrating the theory of planned behavior and the theory of perceived value, we present an analytical framework to investigate the factors affecting farmers' water conservation intentions through structural equation modeling. Our findings reveal the following: firstly, farmers' water conservation intentions are predominantly influenced by subjective norms, behavioral attitudes, perceived behavioral control, perceived benefits, and perceived risks; secondly, perceived behavioral control exerts the most significant impact on farmers' water conservation intention, whereas subjective norms have the weakest influence. This implies that farmers’ water conservation intention is not closely related to subjective norms in the context of mandatory water-saving interventions; lastly, the paths leading to farmers' water conservation intention include ‘perceived benefits/perceived risks → behavioral intention,’ and an indirect path through ‘perceived benefits/perceived risks → behavioral attitudes → behavioral intention’. Consequently, reducing the water-saving technology complexity, harnessing the influence of neighboring communities and water user associations, and enhancing farmers' compensation are effective strategies to bolster farmers' intention to engage in water conservation.
Process benefits of ozone/BAC as pretreatment to membrane-based advanced treatment for direct potable reuse
Authors: Trussell R. Shane , Pisarenko Aleksey N. 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
The state of California, USA, has developed regulations for projects that want to pursue direct potable reuse. One of the most significant requirements is that the treatment train must include ozone and biological activated carbon (ozone/BAC) as pretreatment to a membrane-based treatment train. Ozone/BAC mitigates chemical peaks and diversifies the removal mechanisms of low molecular weight compounds likely to persist in advanced treated water. This paper will present the process benefits of ozone/BAC as pretreatment to the membrane-based treatment train based on testing at a 3,785 m3/d demonstration facility in San Diego, California, USA. One of the most significant benefits of ozone/BAC pretreatment is the improved water quality that benefits not only the product water produced for potable consumption but also the residual stream that is generated with the implementation of the RO process, commonly known as RO concentrate. This improved water quality originates from TOC reduction which is achieved through a combination of chemical oxidation with ozonation and biological growth in the BAC process that results in reduced operating pressures and chemical use for the membrane systems. These process benefits were quantified to develop an overall water cost comparison between a DPR and an indirect potable reuse train.
The method to measure the UV emittance of low-pressure-lamps: a commentary on Schmalwieser et al. (2021)
Authors: Zhang Lianfeng 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In the paper by Schmalwieser and colleagues, the irradiance on the wall of a cylindrical UV reactor for water disinfection was measured. This is a useful way to measure/evaluate such UV devices. However, this measurement is not a solution for measuring the UV emittance of low-pressure-lamps. In fact, throughout the paper, the method and the emittance measurements that the title claimed were not really provided. The title of the paper claiming to be a ‘standardized method to measure the longitudinal UV emittance’ is misleading.
Factors Underlying Vaccine Hesitancy and Their Mitigations in Saudi Arabia: Protocol for a Systematic Review
Authors: Kanan Mohammed , Abdulrahman Samar , Alshehri Abdulaziz , AlSuhaibani Renad , Alotaibi Nawaf M , Alsaleh Azhar , Nasser Bushra , Baowaydhan Rana , Alredaini Ibrahim , Khalid Taif , Almukhtar Fatima , Altoaimi Nourah , Alhneshel Almaha , Alanazi Shouq , Algmaizi Shahad 
Published: March 2024

Background
Vaccine hesitancy is a growing concern in Saudi Arabia, impacting even well-educated parents. The decision-making process involves various factors such as accessibility, trustworthy information, and the influence of social networks, reflecting a complex interplay of emotional, cultural, social, spiritual, and political dimensions.

Objective
This review seeks to evaluate the prevalence and trends of vaccine hesitancy, identify contributing factors, and explore potential solutions to enhance immunization rates. This review aligns with global concerns, as the World Health Organization has identified vaccine hesitancy as a top global health threat.

Methods
Our systematic review will follow the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines and PICOS (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes, and Study) criteria for comprehensive assessment. We will conduct a thorough search across various databases, encompassing a wide range of vaccines, and pay special attention to vaccination campaigns and refusals. Inclusion criteria involve descriptive, observational, and analytical studies focusing on factors influencing vaccine acceptance or hesitancy. The study will use the Crowe Critical Appraisal Tool for quality assessment and perform a narrative synthesis to summarize findings thematically.

Results
This systematic review is expected to unveil the prevalence and trends of vaccine hesitancy in diverse populations in Saudi Arabia, shedding light on cultural, religious, and social factors contributing to hesitancy. It aims to assess the effectiveness of implemented strategies, enable regional and global comparisons, and provide implications for tailored vaccination policies. Additionally, the review may pinpoint research gaps, guiding future investigations to address and mitigate vaccine hesitancy effectively.

Conclusions
The findings are expected to have direct policy implications and guide interventions to strengthen vaccination programs and improve public health outcomes.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
PRR1-10.2196/54680
Exploring the Performance of ChatGPT Versions 3.5, 4, and 4 With Vision in the Chilean Medical Licensing Examination: Observational Study
Authors: Rojas Marcos , Rojas Marcelo , Burgess Valentina , Toro-Pérez Javier , Salehi Shima 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
The deployment of OpenAI’s ChatGPT-3.5 and its subsequent versions, ChatGPT-4 and ChatGPT-4 With Vision (4V; also known as “GPT-4 Turbo With Vision”), has notably influenced the medical field. Having demonstrated remarkable performance in medical examinations globally, these models show potential for educational applications. However, their effectiveness in non-English contexts, particularly in Chile’s medical licensing examinations—a critical step for medical practitioners in Chile—is less explored. This gap highlights the need to evaluate ChatGPT’s adaptability to diverse linguistic and cultural contexts.

Objective
This study aims to evaluate the performance of ChatGPT versions 3.5, 4, and 4V in the EUNACOM (Examen Único Nacional de Conocimientos de Medicina), a major medical examination in Chile.

Methods
Three official practice drills (540 questions) from the University of Chile, mirroring the EUNACOM’s structure and difficulty, were used to test ChatGPT versions 3.5, 4, and 4V. The 3 ChatGPT versions were provided 3 attempts for each drill. Responses to questions during each attempt were systematically categorized and analyzed to assess their accuracy rate.

Results
All versions of ChatGPT passed the EUNACOM drills. Specifically, versions 4 and 4V outperformed version 3.5, achieving average accuracy rates of 79.32% and 78.83%, respectively, compared to 57.53% for version 3.5 (P<.001). Version 4V, however, did not outperform version 4 (P=.73), despite the additional visual capabilities. We also evaluated ChatGPT’s performance in different medical areas of the EUNACOM and found that versions 4 and 4V consistently outperformed version 3.5. Across the different medical areas, version 3.5 displayed the highest accuracy in psychiatry (69.84%), while versions 4 and 4V achieved the highest accuracy in surgery (90.00% and 86.11%, respectively). Versions 3.5 and 4 had the lowest performance in internal medicine (52.74% and 75.62%, respectively), while version 4V had the lowest performance in public health (74.07%).

Conclusions
This study reveals ChatGPT’s ability to pass the EUNACOM, with distinct proficiencies across versions 3.5, 4, and 4V. Notably, advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) have not significantly led to enhancements in performance on image-based questions. The variations in proficiency across medical fields suggest the need for more nuanced AI training. Additionally, the study underscores the importance of exploring innovative approaches to using AI to augment human cognition and enhance the learning process. Such advancements have the potential to significantly influence medical education, fostering not only knowledge acquisition but also the development of critical thinking and problem-solving skills among health care professionals.
Effective Width of the T-section Flange of Ribbed Slabs
Authors: Zamaliev F. S. 
Published: March 2024

Ribbed ceilings in reinforced concrete, and more recently in steel-reinforced concrete and wood-concrete versions, occupy a significant place in the total volume of buildings and structures. An analysis of the regulatory and technical literature shows that in domestic and foreign sources, empirical dependencies are proposed for assigning the effective width of a T-section flange, which does not lead to economical and reliable design solutions.The purpose of the study is to determine the calculated effective width of a flange of a tee monolithic section or a composite section of a floor. Based on the analysis of the stress-strain state of a bent tee section, analytical ex-pressions are written and formulas are obtained for determining the design flange width.
Stability of the RC Column under Horizontal Impacts
Authors: Alekseytsev A. V. 
Published: March 2024

Approaches to assessment of stability of reinforced concrete columns in case of horizontal emergency impact have been investigated. For this purpose, finite-element modeling of the system in spatial formulation, calculation according to the deformed scheme in the scope of nonlinear static analysis and dynamic transient process have been implemented. When constructing the model, the hexahedral elements were used, working in accordance with the Drucker-Prager model for concrete, and the rebars deformed according to the Prandtl model were used to modelling the reinforcement.The impact action was considered as a short-term pulse of constant intensity. Dependence diagrams for critical force on various scenarios of emergency impacts on the column have been obtained. Results of researches can be used for an estimation of resistance to the progressive collapse of reinforced concrete structures at their variants design and optimization.
Conceptual Approaches to Robustness Assessment of Building Structures, Buildings and Facilities
Authors: Tamrazyan Ashot G. 
Published: March 2024

Some examples of failures of structures, buildings, where the lack of robustness was recognized, are analyzed. Several author’s definitions for robustness are presented and discussed. Special emphasis is given to the fact that define robustness as an intrinsic structural property and the other hand it as a property of the structure and its environment. Some related concepts are presented and discussed.The most important proposed measures for robustness are also present-ed including some illustration examples. Finally, a comparison between them is made and the respective shortcomings are identified. After anal-ysis of the robustness nature, a new structural oriented definition is pro-posed. Based on the highlighted shortcomings of the existing measures, in particular those related with the application to deteriorated structures, a conceptual framework for robustness assessment is proposed.
Medbestemmelsessystemets direkte medvirkning: Resultater fra et aksjonsforskningsprosjekt i sykehjem og barnehager
Authors: Øyum Lisbeth , Lebesby Kristin 
Published: March 2024

I hovedavtalene i norsk arbeidsliv forplikter arbeidsgivere og arbeidstakere seg til å samarbeide om virksomhetsutvikling. Fokus for arbeidet er organisatorisk utviklingsarbeid, kompetanseheving, innføring av teknologi og forebyggende arbeidsmiljøarbeid. I Norge er mye av den empiriske forskningen på praktisering av topartssamarbeid om virksomhetsutvikling gjennomført i privat sektor. Denne artikkelen er et bidrag til forståelser av forutsetninger og muligheter for topartssamarbeid i kommunal sektor, og vi viser hvordan plasstillitsvalgte og enhetsledelse i kommunal sektor kan utvikle og styrke en slik praksis ved å initiere avgrensede organisasjonsutviklingstiltak som involverer ansatte. Problemstillingene som reises, er på hvilken måte plasstillitsvalgte opplever at sin rolle som samarbeidende utviklingsaktør med ledelsen kan praktiseres når de samtidig skal forsvare medlemmenes interesser. Vi diskuterer resultater fra et toårig aksjonsforskningsprosjekt med plasstillitsvalgte, lokale verneombud og enhetsledere i tre barnehager og tre sykehjem, hvor partene satte i gang organisatoriske endringsprosesser for å forbedre arbeidsmiljøet eller prøve ut nye strukturer for arbeidsorganisering. Artikkelen svarer på følgende forskningsspørsmål: (1) Hvordan kan plasstillitsvalgte utøve rollen sin i topartssamarbeid om strategisk virksomhetsutvikling, og (2) hvordan utfordrer dette den plasstillitsvalgtes ansvar som representant for de ansatte? Vi konkluderer med at de ansatte, som utgjør medvirkningssystemet, må involveres i utviklingsprosessene slik at de kan forstå hvordan systemet for medbestemmelse ivaretar deres interesser, til tross for et utviklingsorientert topartssamarbeid med ledelsen. I et slikt format kan topartssamarbeid om virksomhetsutvikling forstås som «medbestemmelsessystemets direkte medvirkning».
ENGLISH ABSTRACT
Shop stewards’ role as representatives in labour-management collaboration on business development: Findings from an action research project in nursing homes and kindergartens in Norway
The article discusses the effects of an action research project in kindergartens and nursing homes where local managers, shop stewards and local safety representatives collaborated in developing their practice of social dialogue by initiating business developments projects involving employees. The research question is: “In which way can shop stewards fulfil their role as representatives of employees when they enter joint business development activities with management?” We conclude by arguing that employees must be involved in shaping actions in the business development initiatives, in order for the union members to gain knowledge on why and how shop stewards’ collaborative practice with management do not threaten their ability to represent the interests of employees.
Specific features of anesthetic management in simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation in a recipient with morbid obesity
Authors: Lebedev M. V. , Kuznetsova N. K. , Talyzin A. M. , Korotkova E. A. , Zhuravel S. V. 
Published: March 2024

Introduction. Anesthetic management in simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation in recipients has some specific features. In addition to the presence of underlying pathology in the form of type 1 diabetes mellitus and secondary diabetic complications, pronounced comorbidities can often make some difficulties for an anesthesiologist.Aim. We have reported a clinical case showing the specific features of anesthetic support for simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation in a recipient with morbid obesity.Clinical Case Report. Specific features of the anesthetic management of a 42-year-old patient L. with morbid obesity (body mass index 43.3 kg/m2) and hypertension who underwent simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation have been described. A preoperative examination of this patient revealed predictors of difficult airways, so endoscopically assisted intubation was performed. The Trendelenburg position of the patient during surgical intervention due to an excess body weight led to the increased intrathoracic pressure intraoperatively. The pressure ventilation mode, the neutral position of the patient on the operating table, and the monitoring of ventilation efficiency made it possible to return the elevated intrathoracic pressure to normal. A preoperative examination by a cardiologist, timely diagnosis and treatment of hypertension at the stage of placing the patient on the waiting list made it possible to exclude adverse hemodynamic reactions at the main stages of the operation. The patient was extubated on surgery completion in the Operating Room. The pancreatic graft function and the kidney graft function were satisfactory.Conclusion. Our approaches ensured the safety and efficacy of anesthesiological support and contributed to the successful implementation of simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation in the recipient having the concomitant pathology in the form of morbid obesity.
Analisis Deskriptif Upaya Meningkatkan Sikap Sopan Santun pada Siswa
Authors: Sukmawati Ema , Rustam Rustam 
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan penanaman sikap sopan santun siswa dengan memberikan gambaran pemahaman terhadap siswa-siswi di Sekolah Menengah Pertama Walisongo Pontianak. Bentuk penelitian yang dilaksanakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi survei. Populasi pada penelitian ini yaitu siswa kelas VII A sampai C sebanyak 96 orang. Sampel penelitian diambil menggunakan pendapat Suharsimi Arikunto sampel yang diambil sebanyak 66 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini yaitu teknik komunikasi langsung, teknik komunikasi tidak langsung dan teknik studi dokumenter. Alat pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini yaitu panduan wawancara, skala psikologis dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data pada penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian dari data observasi kepercayaan diri siswa sebelum dan sesudah diberikan bimbingan perindividu dapat dilihat adanya peningkatan dari sebelum dilaksanakan bimbingan dengan setelah dilaksanakan bimbingan.F, SA, dan DT mengalami peningkatan dengan persentase 71,4 % dengan kategori baik. Sedangkan CU, SW, dan PRMP mengalami peningkatan dengan persentase 85,7 % dengan kategori sangat baik. Persentase peningkatan kepercayaan diri siswa sesudah diberikan bimbingan perindividu (terlampir) W, PR, dan AMS mengalami persentase peningkatan sebesar 42,9%, CA dan DA mengalami peningkatan sebesar 57,2%, dan DX mengalami peningkatan sebesar 28,6%.
A FORMAÇÃO DO PROFESSOR DO ENSINO REGULAR DA EDUCAÇÃO DE CRIANÇAS DO PÚBLICO-ALVO DA EDUCAÇÃO ESPECIAL COM TRANSTORNO DO ESPECTRO AUTISTA (TEA) E AS PRÁTICAS PEDAGÓGICAS NA ALFABETIZAÇÃO
Authors: Melo Géssica Pinheiro , Souza Christianne Thatiana Ramos de 
Published: March 2024

A inclusão de estudantes com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) em escolas de ensino regular é relativamente recente e alvo de grandes discussões. Devido às especificidades apresentadas por este público e às suas demandas no âmbito escolar, os educadores questionam, especialmente, sobre como promover a aprendizagem e o desenvolvimento destes sujeitos. A pergunta que norteou esta pesquisa foi: como se dá a formação de professores para a atuação no processo de alfabetização do educando com Transtorno do Espectro Autista no ensino regular? O objetivo geral foi investigar a formação de professores para atuar com o processo de alfabetização de alunos com Transtorno do Espectro Autista nas séries iniciais do ensino fundamental. Os objetivos específicos foram: conhecer a formação inicial de professores que atuam com o público com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) e verificar a formação continuada que tem sido recebida pelos professores que atuam com a inclusão escolar desse público nas séries iniciais do ensino fundamental. Participaram deste estudo duas professoras de ensino regular atuantes com o processo de alfabetização de alunos com TEA. As informações foram coletadas por meio de entrevista. Os resultados mostraram lacunas na formação da professora que podem ter contribuído para as dificuldades vivenciadas em sua atuação junto a estudantes com TEA em sala de aula. A análise dos dados apontou, também, a necessidade de constante aquisição de conhecimentos que auxiliem o professor em sua ação educacional voltada para este público na escola inclusiva. Devem ser garantidas condições para que o professor tenha acesso a uma formação inicial e continuada que contribua para sua atuação junto aos estudantes com TEA. Deste modo, é necessário investir na melhoria na formação docente tanto inicial quanto continuada, para que seja possível incluir de fato os estudantes com TEA nas escolas regulares, garantindo não apenas o acesso deste grupo à escola, mas sua permanência com qualidade.