bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mixed-dimensional Heterojunction by 3D CdS Nanowire Arrays Bridged with 2D WSe2 for Ultrafast Photoelectric Gas Sensor
Authors: Zhang Jun , Pinna Nicola , Liu Xianghong , Zheng Wei , Hu Yinhua , Lu Guocai , Fan Shilei 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Heterojunctions are of essential importance for electronic sensors due to their unique properties at the junctions. However, a planar junction made of two-dimensional (2D) materials commonly suffers from slow response and irreversible recovery because of slow physisorption and desorption rates. Herein, we present a unique design of a mixed-dimensional heterojunction built from patterned growth of 3D n-type CdS nanowire arrays and p-type 2D WSe2 nanosheets for photoelectric gas sensor. This heterojunction sensor showed highly selective and reversible response to NO2 and NH3 with detection limits of 60 and 54 ppb, respectively, under UV illumination at room temperature. Notably, the sensor exhibited ultrafast response time of less than 1s to 1 ppm NO2 and NH3, which outperforms most previous reports on NO2 and NH3 detection at room temperature. The outstanding sensing performance are attributed to the tuning of the Schottky barrier at the CdS/WSe2 heterojunction through the gas adsorption/desorption under UV excitation. The hybrid junction structure proposed herein will pave the way to engineer new electronic devices from a broad selection of materials to achieve improved sensing performances at room temperature.
Drainage and irrigation on demand decreases severe septic complications and mortality in pancreatic resections
Authors: Gluth Alexander , Preissinger-Heinzel Hubert , Schmitz Katharina , Hallenscheidt Thomas , Beyna Torsten , Lauenstein Thomas , Hartwig Werner 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Purpose
The necessity of routine drain placement in pancreatic resections is controversial. Some randomized controlled trials have shown that the omission of drainage is safe for some patients, whereas reintervention rates and mortality rates are substantial for others. The present study aimed to assess fistula-associated outcomes in the setting of routine drain placement and drain irrigation on demand.
Methods
Between 01/2017 and 12/2022, perioperative and outcome data from patients who underwent consecutive pancreatoduodenectomies (PD, n = 253) or distal pancreatectomies (DP, n = 72) were prospectively collected in the electronic StuDoQ database and analyzed. All patients underwent intraoperative drain placement. Drains were removed starting at postoperative day 2 in PD or at day 5 in DP after testing for amylase concentration. In case of high amylase levels or macroscopically evident fistulas, drain irrigation was started. Nondrained fluid collections underwent percutaneous radiologic or transluminal endoscopic evacuation.
Results
Clinically relevant fistulas were detected in 53 of 325 patients (POPF grade B 16.3%, grade C 1.2%), and interventional or endoscopic drainage was necessary in 14 and 5 patients, respectively (overall 5.8%). Fistulas that required drainage were observed in 4.0% of patients with PD and in 12.5% with DP (p = 0.009). Delayed fistula-associated postpancreatectomy hemorrhage (PPH) was present in 1.2% (4/325) of patients. The fistula- and delayed PPH-associated reoperation rate was 1.5% (5/325). The 30-day and in-hospital mortality rates were both 1.5% (5/325), and the rate of fistula-associated mortality was 0.6% (2/325).
Conclusion
In pancreatectomies, a standardized drainage protocol including on-demand drain irrigation results in very low fistula-associated morbidity and mortality and an infrequent need for interventional or surgical reintervention.
Fault-slip distribution characteristics and seismogenic tectonics of the M w 7.0 earthquake on 23 January 2024 in Wushi County, Xinjiang, revealed by InSAR
Authors: Yu Shuyuan , Li Zhejun , Zhao Peng , Luo Jiaji , Yang Yuanyuan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Satellite data of the Sentinel-1 of a Mw7.0 earthquake on 23 January 2024, in Wushi County, Xinjiang, was used to obtain the interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) co-seismic deformation field by inverting the kinematic parameters of the seismogenic fault and the fine slip distribution characteristics. Finally, Coulomb stress characteristics and regional tectonic background research results were synthesised to assess the seismic hazard around the Kepingtage fold-and-thrust belt. The deformation field generated had a long axis-oriented NEE occurring in the Kepingtage fold-and-thrust belt. The line-of-sight uplift deformation promoted the uplift of the Kepingtage fold-and-thrust belt. The seismogenic fault was assumed to be the Maidan Fault exposed in the piedmont of the Kepingtage fold-and-thrust belt. The depth of the main earthquake rupture was ~ 0–(16 ± 3) km, controlled by the NEE-oriented extrusion stress. The main rupture led to the dislocation of the horizontal slip layer in the Palaeozoic sedimentary cover of the Kepingtage fold-and-thrust belt. Calculations of static Coulomb stress changes indicated a reduced risk of future earthquakes in the Maidan Fault, while the potential rupture risk of the Wensu North Fault needs to be considered. The InSAR deformation field of the aftershocks reflected that the deformation field of the two strong 5.7-magnitude aftershocks was 15 km south of the mainshock. The aftershock's seismogenic fault was a thrust fault in the middle of the Wushi Basin. This was a branch fault of the main shock; i.e., a forward spreading fault developed at the front end under the continuous thrust of the Maidan Fault.
A National Perspective: Integrating Medical Humanities to Address Burnout and Stress in Chinese Medical Education
Authors: Zhai Huiwen , Xue Jiaolong , Wu Haotan , Liao Shuang , Lavender Christopher , Lv Yangludan , Xie Wanfei , Cheng Yu 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
The significance of issues in medical humanities, such as empathy, professionalism, patient-orientation, disclosure of harms, and communication skills, has been widely acknowledged in previous studies. While these studies have showcased the impact of individual facets of medical humanities on clinical practice, there exists a dearth of comprehensive assessments that encompass these constructs and their relationship with burnout and distress among medical students. This study aims to fill these gaps by exploring Chinese medical students’ overall perceptions of medical humanities across different educational phases and shedding light on the intricate associations between perceptions of humanities, burnout, and stress.
Methods
We conducted a nationwide survey using a web-based questionnaire across 38 Chinese universities. The survey was administered using the snowball sampling method, with the data collection period running from September 8, 2022, to September 22, 2023. Participants included a national sample of 904 students (out of a total of 969) enrolled in medical schools.
Results
The student’s perception of medical humanities were significantly influenced by several factors: years of medical school education (β  = − .077; P = .045), work burnout (β  = − .208; P < .001), and perceived stress (β  = − .467; P < .001). Work burnout was impacted by clinical clerkship experience (β = .106; P = .001), whereas perceived stress was influenced by the number of years in medical school (β = 0.102; P = .002). Additionally, work burnout acts as an intermediate variable between clinical clerkship experience and students’ perception of medical humanities.
Conclusion
This study illuminated the complex relationship between medical education, burnout, stress, and students' perception of medical humanities issues. It underscores the critical importance of balancing technical proficiency with humanistic values in medical training. Implementing strategies that support students' well-being and foster empathy is essential in nurturing a compassionate and effective healthcare workforce.
Development and Evaluation of a Peer Equity Navigator Intervention for COVID-19 Vaccine Promotion and Uptake in African, Caribbean and Black Communities in Ottawa, Canada
Authors: Etowa Josephine , Hyman Ilene , Unachukwu Ubabuko 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
African, Caribbean and Black Communities (ACB) have experienced an increased burden of COVID-19 morbidity and mortality as well as significant barriers to COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and uptake. Addressing the complex issues of vulnerable populations, such ACB communities, requires a multipronged approach and innovation. Peer-led approaches framed within critical health literacy (CHL) and critical racial literacy (CRL) discourses, along with collaborative and participatory equity learning processes, increased community capacity, empowerment, and practice outcomes. They may contribute to long-term improvements in health and health equity.
Methods
We developed and evaluated a peer-equity navigator intervention to increase vaccine confidence and acceptance in ACB communities using a modified Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance (RE-AIM) Framework. The evaluation drew upon multiple data sources, including tracking data, surveys with community members, and a focus group with peer equity navigators (PENs).
Results
We found that an innovative, community-informed and peer-led model designed to increase awareness and agency among ACB communities was feasible, acceptable, and effective for over 1500 ACB community members between Sept 16, 2022 and Jan 28, 2023. Consistent with the partnership approach, 8 trained PENS conducted over 56 community events. Peer equity navigators (PENS) and community members reported high levels of engagement, appreciation for peer-led community-based approaches and increased vaccine literacy.
Conclusions
The PEN approach is a feasible, acceptable, and effective intervention for reaching and engaging ACB community members in health-promoting actions and behaviors.
Children treated against lymphoid malignancies display diminished IFN-gamma producing T cells after polyclonal and Varicella zoster virus peptide activation
Authors: Tiselius Eva , Sundberg Emil , Andersson Hanna , Hobinger Anna , Jahnmatz Peter , Harila Arja , Palle Josefin , Nilsson Anna , Saghafian-Hedengren Shanie 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Knowledge on the impact of hematological cancers and their treatment on children's memory T cells is limited. Memory T cells play a crucial role in defending against herpesviruses, particularly relevant in pediatric cancer care. We examined 40 children undergoing cancer or hematological disorder treatment and 13 healthy controls, focusing on memory T-cell subsets using flow cytometry and analyzed cytokine-secreting T cells in response to polyclonal and varicella-zoster virus (VZV) peptides. Children with lymphoid malignancies or post-allo-HSCT showed an accumulation of CD4 + T effector memory (TEM)/ T effector (TEFF) cells among CD3 + cells as follows; [51% (3.8–68.8%)] versus 5.5% (1.3–40.4%), p < 0.001]. Similarly, CD8 + TEM/TEFF proportions were elevated in patients treated for lymphoid malignancies. Following VZV stimulation, these children displayed a significantly lower number of cytokine-secreting cells (183 (30–3181) vs 47 (9–368), p < 0.05) compared to children with other cancer diagnosis/healthy controls. The former group also exhibited a diminished IFN-γ response upon VZV stimulation compared to healthy controls [2 (0–308) vs 53 (5–351), p < 0.001] also noted after polyclonal stimulation. This suggests qualitative differences in T-cell memory among children treated for lymphoid cancers, potentially increasing their susceptibility to severe viral infections, and impacting immunotherapy.
3D Printed Ventilation Tubes and their Effect on Biological Models
Authors: Carbajal-Castillo Sergio Alejandro , Castillo-López Irma Yolanda , Govea-Camacho Luis Humberto , Gonzalez-Ojeda Alejandro , Cervantes-Guevara Gabino , Cervantes-Pérez Enrique , Ramírez-Ochoa Sol , Vázquez-Sánchez Sergio Jiram , Fuentes-Orozco Clotilde , Delgado-Hernández Gonzalo , Tavares-Ortega Jaime Alberto 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Introduction: Acute otitis media (AOM) causes inflammation and hearing loss. Ventilation tubes are key in treatment. 3D printing improves prostheses in otorhinolaryngology, offering precision and greater adaptability.
Material and Methods: An experimental study was conducted with Wistar rats from July to December 2020. 3D tympanostomy tube models were designed, with technical specifications and tests performed on inexpensive 3D printers. And the tympanostomy tube was inserted endoscopically. Results: Procedures were performed on five rats with implants in both ears. Pre-intervention pathologies, such as atical retraction and glue ear, were found. The PLA-printed tympanostomy tube showed improvement after adjustments. Histopathological results revealed significant middle and inner ear damage.
Conclusion: In our study, the design and 3D printing of implants fulfilled the desired functions when modified, with a height of 5 mm. Complications included PLA degradation and ear damage. There were no adverse events during observation, highlighting the need for further research on 3D printed implants.
Peri- and postoperative morbidity and mortality in elderly patients with non-small cell lung cancer: a matched-pair study
Authors: Safi Seyer , Gysan Maximilian Robert , Weber Dorothea , Behnisch Rouven , Muley Thomas , Allgäuer Michael , Winter Hauke , Hoffmann Hans , Eichhorn Martin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Reports from case series suggest that operative outcomes are comparable amongst different age groups following surgery with curative intent for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The purpose of this study was to compare morbidity and mortality after NSCLC surgery in elderly patients (≥ 75 years) versus younger patients (< 75 years) and identify independent predictive risk factors.
Methods
We identified 2015 patients with postoperative stages IA to IIIA according to AJCC/UICC 7th edition who had undergone NSCLC surgery with curative intent at a single specialized lung cancer center from January 2010 to December 2015. A matched-pair analysis was performed on 227 elderly patients and corresponding 227 younger patients. Short-term surgical outcomes were postoperative morbidity, length of hospital stay, 30-day and 90-day mortality. Long-term operative outcomes were disease-free and overall survival.
Results
454 patients were included in the matched-pair analysis. 36% of younger patients developed postoperative complications versus 42% in the elderly (p = 0.163). Age was not significantly associated with the occurrence of postoperative complications. Median length of hospital stay was 14 days in elderly and 13 days in younger patients (p = 0.185). 90-day mortality was 2.2% in younger patients compared to 4% in the elderly (p = 0.424). In the elderly impaired performance status (ECOG ≥ 1) was associated with decreased overall survival (HR = 2.15, CI 1.34–3.46), as were preoperative serum C-reactive protein / albumin ratio ≥ 0.3 (HR = 1.95, CI 1.23–3.11) and elevated preoperative serum creatinine levels ≥ 1.1 mg/dl (HR = 1.84, CI 1.15–2.95). In the younger cohort male sex (HR = 2.26, CI 1.17–4.36), postoperative stage III disease (HR 4.61, CI 2.23–9.54) and preoperative anemia (hemoglobin < 12 g/dl) (HR 2.09, CI 1.10–3.96) were associated with decreased overall survival.
Conclusions
Preoperative treatment decision-making in the elderly should primarily consider individual assessment of patients’ functional performance and general fitness. Patients should not be excluded from surgery for resectable NSCLC due to advanced age.
Carbonic Anhydrase IX Enzyme in Triple Negative Breast Carcinoma: Relationship with prognostic factors and response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Authors: Solmaz Özgen Arslan , Kutluer Nizamettin , Bozan Mehmet Buğra 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Triple negative breast carcinoma is characterized by the absence of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and HER2/neu receptor. Carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) is a tumor-associated cell surface glycoprotein that is involved in adaptation to hypoxia-induced acidosis and plays a role in cancer progression. This study aimed to investigate CA IX expression in TNBC and its relationship with treatment effect.
Methods
Immunohistochemical staining was performed on Tru cut biopsy materials with CA IX antibody. Positive staining was graded as low (< 10%) and high (> 10%). In addition, the relationship between tumor diameter, histological grade and the treatment effect on mastectomy materials performed after neoadjuvant treatment was evaluated.
Results
Immunohistochemical staining of CA IX in tumor tissues showed that 22,5% of patients (n = 9) had low staining, 77,5% (n = 31) had high staining. Statistical analysis revealed a significant difference between CA IX staining level and histological grade of the tumor, Ki-67 proliferation index (p = 0.003, and p = 0.008, respectively). However, CA IX staining level showed no significant relationship with patient age, tumor diameter and tumor localization (p = 0.975, p = 0.337 and p = 0.456, respectively). In the evaluation made using Miller Payne scoring(MPS), 9(22.5%) of the cases had a grade 2, 13(32.5%) of them had a grade 3, 12(30%) of them had a grade 4 and 6(15%) of them had a grade 5 treatment effect. Statistically, a significant difference was detected between MPS and CAIX expression (p = 0.005).
Conclusion
CAIX enzyme is a poor prognostic marker in TNBC cases and its overexpression reduces the response to treatment.
Application Based Integration of Artificial Intelligence and Block chain through Bibliometric-Content Analysis
Authors: Attri Mohit , Baliyan Rashi , Chaudhary Diwakar , Sugandha Sapna , Madhukar Khadilkar Sujay , Verma Subhash Kumar 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Overview
The Industrial Revolution (IR)4.0 is driving the Digital Age, and the advancements in AI and block-chain technology are fueling their integration to bring about transformation.
Research Gap
:Despite the fact that there is study on the use and convergence of block-chain and AI, there is still a lack of consensus on the benefits of this integration for business. In order to close this gap, this paper attempts to describe the uses and benefits of blockchain-integrated AI systems across various corporate verticals.
Aim
This paper explores the potential applications of block chain integration with artificial intelligence (AI) for business, attempting to fill the identified research vacuum. In instance, this research study aims to pinpoint the unique research characteristics of the field and to clarify how, in the era of IR 4.0, the integration of block chain technology and artificial intelligence may benefit various business sectors respectively.
Methodology
:Based on publications, citations, and significance within the intellectual network, bibliometric analysis is used in this study to identify the most influential works on the topic.
Findings:
This study emphasizes the importance of doing more research to address the unanswered research issues on artificial intelligence (AI) and block chain integration from a business perspective in order to support future studies along similar lines. To sum up, this study shows that artificial intelligence (AI) and block chain integration are real, worldwide phenomena with enormous business potential.
Research on identification of critical factors and critical warning conditions under the perspective of safe groundwater exploitation ----- A Case Study on Safe Mining of Karst Water in Jiangsu Province, China
Authors: Wei Yongyao , Tang Menghan , Li Zongchun 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Compared with traditional groundwater, underground karst water has the attributes of high degree of enrichment, stable dynamics, ease of exploitation and good water quality. However, in recent years, with the rapid development of China's cities, the rapid growth of karst water mining has led to a series of karst collapse and other geological disasters. How to weigh the karst water resources both to exploit, but also to ensure geological safety, this invisible "double-edged sword" is placed in front of many researchers in the problem. By sorting out the intrinsic and extrinsic influencing factors during the development of karst soil caves in karst areas, and through the physical modeling test of karst soil cave evolution, the author has studied the influence of different factors on the amount of soil particles lost and the amount of displacement and deformation during the development of karst soil caves. And based on the sensitivity analysis method, it is concluded that the most sensitive ones are groundwater activity and air pressure difference effect. Then the mechanical theory and damage mechanism of the sensitivity factors on the development process of karst soil caves were studied, and the critical warning model of karst soil cave damage was established, and the critical warning conditions based on the sensitivity factors were analyzed and derived:(1) In the early gestation stage of karst soil cavities, soil particles in fine pores are subjected to positive and shear stresses. The positive stress is caused by the super-static pore water pressure, and the shear stress (drag force) is caused by the dynamic water pressure acting on the side of soil particles;(2) The water level fluctuation of groundwater is closely related to the superstatic pore water pressure, and the flow rate of groundwater is related to the dynamic water pressure, which exceeds the critical water level amplitude soil particles begin to spall, and exceeds the critical flow rate soil particles disintegrate and migrate;(3) The critical amplitude of water level fluctuation required for soil particle spalling was derived by studying the relationship between head loss during pore seepage at the early gestation stage of karst earth cavities and superporous water pressure and dynamic water pressure;(4) Based on the relationship between critical shear stress and critical flow rate, the expression for the critical flow rate required for soil particle migration was derived. The critical pumping volume can be converted to the critical pumping volume based on the relationship between the critical water level fluctuation amplitude and the critical flow rate in engineering applications, and then the pumping volume can be controlled to eliminate the formation of early soil hole prototypes.