bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anti‐inflammatory effects of CoQ10 and colorless carotenoids
Authors: Fuller Bryan , Smith Dustin , Howerton Amber , Kern Dale 
Published: April 2006

SummaryBackground  CoQ10 (ubiquinone, coenzyme Q10) and carotenoids are popular antioxidants used in many skin care products to protect the skin from free radical damage.Aim  To evaluate the effects of CoQ10 and colorless carotenoids on the production of inflammatory mediators in human dermal fibroblasts treated with UV radiation (UVR) and to investigate the possible synergistic effects of these two antioxidants.Methods  Normal human dermal fibroblast cell cultures were exposed to either 50 mJ of UVR or to IL‐1 and then incubated with various concentrations of either CoQ10, the colorless carotenoids, phytoene and phytofluene, or to combinations of these antioxidants. After 24 h in culture, cells and spent medium were harvested and assayed by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay for prostaglandin E2 (PGE‐2), interleukin 6 (IL‐6), and matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP‐1). In addition, the ability of the carotenoids to protect CoQ10 from oxidation by the reactive oxygen species (ROS), hyperchlorite, was also determined.Results  Human fibroblasts respond to UVR or to IL‐1 by increasing the production of various inflammatory mediators including PGE‐2, IL‐1, and IL‐6 and proteases such as collagenase (MMP‐1). Treatment of fibroblasts with 10 µm of CoQ10 suppressed the UVR‐ or IL‐1–induced increase in PGE‐2, IL‐6, and MMP‐1. The combination of carotenoids and CoQ10 produced an enhanced inhibition of these three inflammatory mediators. Furthermore, the colorless carotenoids, phytoene and phytofluene, protected CoQ10 from degradation by the ROS, hypochlorite.Conclusion  CoQ10 is able to suppress the UVR‐ or IL‐1–induced inflammatory response in dermal fibroblasts. Furthermore, this compound can block the UVR induction of the matrix‐eroding enzyme, MMP‐1. Finally, the combination of carotenoids plus CoQ10 results in enhanced suppression of inflammation. The results suggest that the combination of carotenoids and CoQ10 in topical skin care products may provide enhanced protection from inflammation and premature aging caused by sun exposure.
Sun‐safety behaviors of skiers and snowboarders on the South Island of New Zealand
Authors: Price Jonathan , Ness Andy , Leary Sam , Kennedy Cameron 
Published: April 2006

SummaryAims  To study sun‐protective behaviors among skiers and snowboarders on the South Island of New Zealand and to identify associations with personal characteristics or weather conditions.Methods  Two hundred twenty‐six skiers and snowboarders completed an interviewer‐administered questionnaire during September and October 2002. Reported behaviors were used to derive a composite sun‐protection index, which was used to divide the sample into “protected” and “unprotected” groups. Odds ratios of being unprotected were calculated by logistic regression.Results  Forty‐eight percent (95% CI 42–54%) of interviewees recalled being sunburned while skiing or snowboarding in the past. Sixty‐eight percent (95% CI 62–74%) were unaware of any educational messages specific to sun protection while skiing or snowboarding. Women were more likely to be protected from the sun (OR 0.47; 95% CI 0.27–0.81). Having a skin type resistant to burning (OR 1.93; 95% CI 0.92–4.06) and reported awareness of education messages (OR 1.66; 95% CI 0.92–2.99) were associated with not using sun protection.Conclusions  Sunburn is common and sun protection not used by all. Men are less likely to report use of sun‐protection measures. There is no evidence from this study that current strategies are effective in promoting skin protection while skiing or snowboarding.
Postacne scarring – a quantitative global scarring grading system
Authors: Goodman Greg J. , Baron Jennifer A. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryBackground  There is no global quantitative grading system for assessing the disease load and global severity of disease in a patient with postacne scarring.Aims  The purpose of this article is to provide a quantitative grading system that would allow more objective communication between practitioners of a patient's global disease severity and between investigators, educators, and proceduralists of the efficacy of grade‐specific operative interventions or therapies.Patients/methods  We describe a global scoring system that we have found clinically useful to assess disease load and severity of acne scarring and illustrate the reproducibility of this system in a small prospective study. Photographs of 21 patients were assessed independently by four observers, two of whom were physicians and the other two nurses.Results  A quantitative global acne scarring grading system is presented. No substantial difference among acne scarring scores was seen between observers, with inter‐rater agreement within four score points in 19 of the 21 patient‐photos assessed.Conclusions  A global acne scarring grading system is presented that would allow investigators, educators, and proceduralists to compare their cases more accurately and to have a more objective discussion of the efficacy of operative interventions or therapies. This scoring system is shown to be reproducible among observers independent of medical background, suggesting that patients can be assigned scores equally by physicians and nurses.
Percutaneous absorption of organic sunscreens
Authors: Varvaresou Athanasia 
Published: April 2006

SummaryThe increased awareness of protection against skin cancer has led to a rise in the use of topically applied chemical sunscreen agents. There is a concern about the systemic absorption of organic filters in sunscreen formulations. The present study briefly reviews theoretical models for the prediction of the percutaneous penetration of the organic molecules and the accepted methods for the in vitro and in vivo evaluations of the penetration. The influence of the vehicle and the formulation viscosity on the penetration of sunscreens are examined. The development of novel methods for the minimization of sunscreen absorption is also discussed.
Glabellar pomade crust mimicking dyskeratosis follicularis
Authors: Wollina Uwe , Hansel Gesina , Köstler Erich , Schönlebe Jaqueline 
Published: April 2006

SummaryA 79‐year‐old female patient presented with a slowly developing crusting, itching verrucous lesion of the forehead of 3 months’ duration. She had no personal or family history of skin disease. On examination she presented with a hyperpigmented plaque of the glabellar region that resembled dyskeratosis follicularis Darier. A detailed medical history was taken and a skin biopsy was performed. Epidermal acanthosis and enlargement of follicle ostia with foreign material were found. The patient reported use of an ointment twice daily. She had a single cosmetic treatment where powder of unspecified composition had been used. The diagnosis of pomade crust was confirmed. Follicular material was enucleated mechanically and the area was treated with a metronidazole cream. The lesions completely disappeared.
Nonablative radiofrequency for facial and neck rejuvenation. A faster, safer, and less painful procedure based on concentrating the heat in key areas: The ThermaLift concept
Authors: Ruiz‐Esparza Javier 
Published: April 2006

SummaryNonablative radiofrequency was the first method of noninvasive tissue contraction. It is a safe and effective method, although the results are modest when compared with plastic surgery. Patients like the fact that it requires no down time, it is performed with topical anesthesia, and it can be combined with numerous other modalities of skin rejuvenation. Technique and results are discussed.
Phototherapy in anti‐aging and its photobiologic basics: a new approach to skin rejuvenation
Authors: Trelles Mario A 
Published: April 2006

SummaryIntrinsic aging and photoaging of the face are constantly ongoing, and eventually result in the typical “aged” face, with visible lines and wrinkles at rest, a variety of dyschromia and a tired, dull and lax epidermis over poorly organized elastotic dermal architecture characterized by many interfibrillary spaces. Both ablative and nonablative resurfacing have been reported as solutions, the former providing excellent results, but a long patient downtime, and the latter giving little or no downtime, but less‐than‐ideal results. In ablative resurfacing, the epidermis is removed and replaced with a “new” epidermis, whereas in the nonablative approach the epidermis is spared through some form of cooling. In both approaches, however, the goal is to create controlled amounts of thermal damage in the dermis to stimulate the wound healing process, thus generating a tighter, better organized, “younger” dermal matrix. A better approach might be to apply prevention, rather than the cure, and to treat subjects in their very early 20s, before even fine lines have begun to appear. This “photoanti‐aging” approach could be achieved with the use of very low incident levels of photon energy to stimulate the skin cells, both epidermal and dermal, at cell‐specific wavelengths based on the photobiological findings of the literature over the past two decades or so, in order to increase their resistance to the effects of chronological and photoaging. Lasers and IPL systems could be used, but are extremely expensive and therapist‐intensive. A new generation of light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) has appeared as the result of a spin‐off from the US NASA Space Medicine Program, which are much more powerful than the previous generation with quasimonochromatic outputs. These LEDs can offer target specificity to achieve photobiomodulated enhanced action potentials of the skin cells, in particular mast cells, macrophages, endotheliocytes, and fibroblasts, plus increases in local blood and lymphatic flow, in a noninvasive, athermal manner. New phototherapeutic LED‐based systems have appeared to meet the need for a less‐expensive but clinically useful light source to enable photoantiaging as a reality in clinical practice. Some studies proving the efficacy of LED therapy have already appeared, and based on their results LED therapy represents a potential new approach to prevention in anti‐aging, so that further studies are warranted to prove its efficacy.
Onychocosmeceuticals
Authors: Haneke Eckart 
Published: April 2006

SummaryThe nail is the largest skin appendage. In addition to its important physiological and sensory functions, it is also of great esthetic importance. Complaints of brittle or soft nails are frequent, particularly among women. Innumerable preparations claiming to improve the nail quality are being sold; however, most have no proven beneficial effect. Also, surgery cannot enhance nail quality but improve shape and size abnormalities.
The Prevalence and Spectrum of Sleep Problems in Women With Transformed Migraine
Authors: Calhoun Anne H. , Ford Sutapa , Finkel Alan G. , Kahn Kevin A. , Mann J. Douglas 
Published: April 2006

Objectives.—It is our clinical observation that patients with transformed migraine (TM) almost invariably report nonrestorative sleep. In this study we sought first to validate that clinical observation, then to describe the prevalence and spectrum of factors that might contribute to nonrestorative sleep in a TM population.Background.—Although headaches have been linked with sleep problems for over a century, there is little information about the spectrum or prevalence of specific sleep problems associated with TM in adults.Methods.—We conducted a detailed sleep interview on 147 consecutive women with TM. Subjective sleep quality was assessed by asking patients to describe their state upon awakening as “refreshed” or “tired.”Results.—None of the 147 patients reported awakening “refreshed,” and 83.7% stated that they awakened “tired.” Sleep complaints were prevalent and varied in this population.Conclusions.—Although the relationship between pain and sleep is complex and ill understood, we found a very high prevalence of nonrestorative sleep and a similarly high prevalence of modifiable poor sleep habits in patients with TM. Since behavioral approaches have been found effective in improving sleep quality in patients with poor sleep hygiene, we propose that studies be undertaken to assess the impact of such treatment on TM.
Use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine by Patients With Chronic Tension‐Type Headache: Results of a Headache Clinic Survey
Authors: Rossi Paolo , Di Lorenzo Giorgio , Faroni Jessica , Malpezzi Maria G. , Cesarino Francesco , Nappi Giuseppe 
Published: April 2006

Objectives.—This study was undertaken to evaluate the rates, pattern, and presence of predictors of complementary and alternative medicine use in a clinical population of patients with chronic tension‐type headache.Background.—The use of complementary and alternative medicine in the treatment of headaches is a growing phenomenon about which little is known.Methods.—A total of 110 chronic tension‐type headache patients attending a headache clinic participated in a physician‐administered structured interview designed to gather information on complementary and alternative medicine use.Results.—Past use of complementary and alternative therapies was reported by 40% of the patients surveyed (22.7% in the previous year). Chronic tension‐type headache patients prefer complementary and alternative practitioner‐administered physical treatments to self‐treatments, the most frequently used being chiropractic (21.9%), acupuncture (17.8%), and massage (17.8%). Only 41.1% of the patients perceived complementary and alternative therapies to be beneficial. The most common source of recommendation of complementary and alternative medicine was a friend or relative (41.1%). Most of the chronic tension‐type headache patients used complementary and alternative treatment as a specific intervention for their headache (77.3%). Almost 60% of complementary and alternative medicine users had not informed their medical doctors of their use of complementary and alternative medicine. The most common reasons given for choosing to use a complementary or alternative therapy was the “potential improvement of headache” it offered (45.4%). The patients who had used more complementary and alternative treatments were found to be those recording a higher lifetime number of visits to conventional medical doctors, those with a comorbid psychiatric disorder, those enjoying a higher (household) income, and those who had never tried a preventive pharmacological treatment.Conclusions.—Our findings suggest that headache‐clinic chronic tension‐type headache patients, in their need of and quest for care, seek and explore both conventional and complementary and alternative therapies, even if only 41.1% of them perceived complementary treatments as effective. Physicians should be made aware of this patient‐driven change in the medical climate in order to prevent misuse of health care resources and to be better equipped to meet patients’ care requirements.
Comparison of the Effect of Topiramate and Sodium Valporate in Migraine Prevention: A Randomized Blinded Crossover Study
Authors: Shaygannejad Vahid , Janghorbani Mohsen , Ghorbani Abbas , Ashtary Fereshteh , Zakizade Naser , Nasr Vida 
Published: April 2006

Background.—Topiramate and sodium valporate are anticonvulsants, demonstrated to be effective as monotherapy for migraine prevention in placebo‐controlled trials.Objectives.—To compare the relative efficacy of topiramate and sodium valporate in the prevention of migraine.Patients and Methods.—A 24‐week, randomized, double‐blind, crossover, clinical trial was conducted from October 2003 to September 2004. A total of 64 patients with migraine headache, aged 14 to 57 years, were randomly allocated to the 2 treatment groups. The first group received topiramate (25 mg daily increment over 1 week to 50 mg) for a total of 2 months. The second group received sodium valporate (200 mg daily increment over 1 week to 400 mg) for 2 months. Response to treatment was assessed at 0, 1, 8, 16, and 24 weeks after start of therapy.Results.—Topiramate appeared to be equivalent in efficacy and safety to sodium valporate. A significant decrease in duration, monthly frequency, and intensity of headache occurred in both groups. Of the 32 patients treated with sodium valporate, the mean standard deviation (SD) of monthly migraine frequency decreased from 5.4 (2.5) to 4.0 (2.8) episode per month, headache intensity from 7.7 (1.2) to 5.8 (1.7) by visual analog scale (VAS), and headache duration from 21.3 (14.6) to 12.3 (10.7) hours (P < .001). Correspondingly, in the 32 patients treated with topiramate, the mean SD of monthly headache frequency decreased from 5.4 (2.0) to 3.2 (1.9) per month, headache intensity from 6.9 (1.2) to 3.7 (1.3), and headache duration from 17.3 (8.4) to 3.9 (2.7) hours (P < .001).Conclusion.—This study demonstrates that treatment with topiramate and sodium valporate both significantly reduce migraine headache. This effect of topiramate and sodium valporate has previously been shown to reduce migraine headache, and we postulate that treatment with topiramate and sodium valporate may have a similar benefit.
Comparison of Biopsy Samples Obtained Using Standard Endoscopic Instruments and the Harmonic Scalpel During Laparoscopic and Laparoscopic‐Assisted Surgery in Normal Dogs
Authors: BARNES ROY F. , GREENFIELD CATHY L. , SCHAEFFER DAVID J. , LANDOLFI JENNIFER , ANDREWS JOHN 
Published: April 2006

Objectives—To compare tissue specimens of canine abdominal organs collected by standard techniques (ST) and harmonic scalpel (HS) and to determine the effect of each technique on wound healing.Study Design—Experimental.Animals—Twelve dogs.Methods—Paired biopsy samples (ST, HS) were collected from liver, spleen, adrenal gland, pancreas, stomach, jejunum, and bladder using laparoscopic or laparoscopic‐assisted methods. Hemorrhage at biopsy sites was assessed (present or absent). Specimens were evaluated for diagnostic quality and histologic changes. Dogs were necropsied at 4 or 14 days postoperatively.Results—HS incision caused less frequent hemorrhage of all organs except spleen. HS specimens had more coagulation necrosis than ST specimens, but both techniques yielded specimens that were sized similarly and were of diagnostic quality. At necropsy, HS biopsy sites of the stomach, jejunum, bladder, adrenal gland, and pancreas were more hyperemic than ST sites. There were more adhesions at jejunal and pancreatic ST biopsy sites. HS biopsy sites had more coagulation necrosis at days 4 and 14 postoperatively. Differences in fibrin deposition, inflammation, and fibrosis were present at biopsy sites of some organs at days 4 or 14 and in comparisons between days 4 and 14.Conclusions—Diagnostic quality biopsy specimens were obtained with HS and ST. Although HS‐induced gross and histologic changes during the first 2 postoperative weeks, no clinical complications were observed.Clinical Relevance—Both HS and ST can yield specimens with minimal hemorrhage and HS resulted in no apparent postoperative problems in normal dogs. Although HS caused more inflammation and adhesions at biopsy sites of the pancreas, adrenal gland, and jejunum, no clinical complications occurred.
Hemodynamic Effects of Interpleural Lidocaine and Bupivacaine Combination in Anesthetized Dogs with and Without an Open Pericardium
Authors: BERNARD FABRICE , KUDNIG SIMON T. , MONNET ERIC 
Published: April 2006

Objective—To identify dysrhythmias and hemodynamic changes after lidocaine and bupivacaine infusion into the interpleural space with an open pericardium.Study Design—Experimental study.Animals—Six adult dogs.Methods—Systemic arterial pressure and electrocardiogram were recorded. A 7.5 Fr Swan‐Ganz catheter was advanced to the level of the main pulmonary artery to record pulmonary arterial pressure. Cardiac output was measured by a thermodilution technique. A pericardial window (PW) was performed in 3 dogs using thoracoscopy. Hemodynamic variables were recorded before and 15 minutes after injection of lidocaine (1.5 mg/kg) and bupivacaine (1.5 mg/kg) into the pleural space in the control group and in the pericardial space for the PW group. A randomized‐block ANOVA for repeated measures was used to evaluate the effect of local anesthetic administration on hemodynamic and electrophysiologic variables in dogs with a pericardectomy.Results—Each dog maintained sinus rhythm. Infusion of local anesthetic induced a significant increase in right ventricular diastolic pressure (P=.002) and a significant decrease in stroke volume (P=.047) in both groups; however, the effects were not significantly different between groups.Conclusions—Infusion of lidocaine and bupivacaine, either intrapleural or in the pericardial space, had a mild detrimental effect on cardiac output.Clinical Relevance—Intrapleural administration of lidocaine and bupivacaine at a therapeutic dose can be used safely in healthy dogs with a pericardectomy.
Associations Between Canine Juvenile Weight Gain and Coxofemoral Joint Laxity at 16 Weeks of Age
Authors: LOPEZ MANDI J. , QUINN MARGARET M. , MARKEL MARK D. 
Published: April 2006

Objective—Evaluation of the relationship between canine weight gain from 6 to 15 weeks of age and passive coxofemoral joint (CFJ) laxity at 16 weeks of age.Study Design—Longitudinal cohort study.Animals—Full‐ or half‐sibling hounds (n=56).Methods—Hounds were weighed weekly from 6 to 15 weeks of age. Individual average daily gain (ADG) was calculated for each week (weekly) and for the study (overall). PennHIP distraction index (DI) was determined for each CFJ at 16 weeks. Mixed effects linear models were evaluated for associations of DI (highest and mean) with 15‐week weight and ADGs (actual or normalized). Left and right DIs were compared with a Student's paired t‐test. Significance was set atP<.05. Trends were considered atP<.10.Results—Mean (±SD) 16‐week DI score and 15‐week weight was 0.67±0.16 and 12.5±1.8 kg, respectively. Within animal left and right DIs were not significantly different. There were no significant associations between DI and any of the weight gains evaluated. There was a trend for a negative relationship between normalized 14‐week ADG and DI in one statistical model.Conclusions—Weight gain from 6 to 15 weeks of age was unrelated to 16‐week PennHIP DI in a homogenous canine population with moderate‐to‐severe CFJ joint laxity.Clinical Relevance—Based on our results, ad libitum feeding between 6 and 15 weeks of age does not appear to have an adverse impact on joint laxity at 16 weeks of age as measured by the PennHIP DI.