bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Shared structure of fundamental human experience revealed by polysemy network of basic vocabularies across languages
Authors: Liang Yuzhu , Xu Ke , Ran Qibin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHow are concepts related to fundamental human experiences organized within the human mind? Our insights are drawn from a semantic network created using the Cross-Linguistic Database of Polysemous Basic Vocabulary, which focuses on a broad range of senses extracted from dictionary entries. The database covers 60 basic vocabularies in 61 languages, providing 11,841 senses from 3736 entries, revealing cross-linguistic semantic connections through automatically generated weighted semantic maps. The network comprises 2941 nodes connected by 3573 edges. The nodes representing body parts, motions, and features closely related to human experience occupy wide fields or serve as crucial bridges across semantic domains in the network. The polysemous network of basic vocabularies across languages represents a shared cognitive network of fundamental human experiences, as these semantic connections should be conceived as generally independent of any specific language and are driven by universal characteristics of the real world as perceived by the human mind. The database holds the potential to contribute to research aimed at unraveling the nature of cognitive proximity.
Cumulative nitrogen enrichment alters the drivers of grassland overyielding
Authors: He Miao , Barry Kathryn E. , Soons Merel B. , Allan Eric , Cappelli Seraina L. , Craven Dylan , Doležal Jiří , Isbell Forest , Lanta Vojtěch , Lepš Jan , Liang Maowei , Mason Norman , Palmborg Cecilia , Pichon Noémie A. , da Silveira Pontes Laíse , Reich Peter B. , Roscher Christiane , Hautier Yann 
Published: March 2024

AbstractEffects of plant diversity on grassland productivity, or overyielding, are found to be robust to nutrient enrichment. However, the impact of cumulative nitrogen (N) addition (total N added over time) on overyielding and its drivers are underexplored. Synthesizing data from 15 multi-year grassland biodiversity experiments with N addition, we found that N addition decreases complementarity effects and increases selection effects proportionately, resulting in no overall change in overyielding regardless of N addition rate. However, we observed a convex relationship between overyielding and cumulative N addition, driven by a shift from complementarity to selection effects. This shift suggests diminishing positive interactions and an increasing contribution of a few dominant species with increasing N accumulation. Recognizing the importance of cumulative N addition is vital for understanding its impacts on grassland overyielding, contributing essential insights for biodiversity conservation and ecosystem resilience in the face of increasing N deposition.
The consequences of viral infection on protists
Authors: Queiroz Victoria Fulgencio , Tatara Juliana Miranda , Botelho Bruna Barbosa , Rodrigues Rodrigo Araújo Lima , Almeida Gabriel Magno de Freitas , Abrahao Jonatas Santos 
Published: March 2024

AbstractProtists encompass a vast widely distributed group of organisms, surpassing the diversity observed in metazoans. Their diverse ecological niches and life forms are intriguing characteristics that render them valuable subjects for in-depth cell biology studies. Throughout history, viruses have played a pivotal role in elucidating complex cellular processes, particularly in the context of cellular responses to viral infections. In this comprehensive review, we provide an overview of the cellular alterations that are triggered in specific hosts following different viral infections and explore intricate biological interactions observed in experimental conditions using different host-pathogen groups.
Earlier spring greening in Northern Hemisphere terrestrial biomes enhanced net ecosystem productivity in summer
Authors: Ren Yijia , Qiu Jianxiu , Zeng Zhenzhong , Liu Xiaoping , Sitch Stephen , Pilegaard Kim , Yang Tianyao , Wang Sheng , Yuan Wenping , Jain Atul K. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe northern terrestrial biomes are being remarkably altered by climate change. Higher springtime temperature induces the earlier greening of vegetation, which may further influence ecosystem functions during the subsequent season. However, the response of summer net ecosystem productivity to spring vegetation greenness and phenology changes has not yet been quantified. To understand the impact of such phenological changes on terrestrial carbon sink of the following season, here we integrate remotely-sensed vegetation data and model simulations of carbon flux with an explainable machine learning approach. We find that the lagged effects of widespread earlier spring greening are increasing the summer ecosystem carbon sink across the northern vegetated areas (30° to 90°N) from 1982 to 2015. In particular, response disparities exist in non-agricultural biomes, and the vegetation with moderate tree coverage is more sensitive to earlier spring greening. Furthermore, modest tree restoration can strengthen the beneficial effects of earlier spring greening. This study improves our understanding of interseasonal vegetation-climate-carbon coupling that drives the key ecological feedback within climate change projections.
A framework for estimating the anthropogenic part of Antarctica’s sea level contribution in a synthetic setting
Authors: Bradley Alexander T. , Bett David T. , Holland Paul R. , Williams C. Rosie , Arthern Robert J. , Rydt Jan De 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe relative contributions of anthropogenic climate change and internal variability in sea level rise from the West Antarctic Ice Sheet are yet to be determined. Even the way to address this question is not yet clear, since these two are linked through ice-ocean feedbacks and probed using ice sheet models with substantial uncertainty. Here we demonstrate how their relative contributions can be assessed by simulating the retreat of a synthetic ice sheet setup using an ice sheet model. Using a Bayesian approach, we construct distributions of sea level rise associated with this retreat. We demonstrate that it is necessary to account for both uncertainties arising from both a poorly-constrained model parameter and stochastic variations in climatic forcing, and our distributions of sea level rise include these two. These sources of uncertainty have only previously been considered in isolation. We identify characteristic effects of climate change on sea level rise distributions in this setup, most notably that climate change increases both the median and the weight in tails of distributions. From these findings, we construct metrics quantifying the role of climate change on both past and future sea level rise, suggesting that its attribution is possible even for unstable marine ice sheets.
Segmental and Syllabic Articulations: A Descriptive Approach
Authors: Svensson Lundmark Malin , Erickson Donna 
Published: March 2024

Purpose:
This article reports on jaw articulation, in connection with the segmental articulations of tongue tip and lips. The jaw is considered a syllable articulator as it opens and closes for each syllable, and the amount of jaw opening is related to syllable strength, given the same phonemic vowel. Here, we investigate the syllabic and the segmental articulations relationships to the acoustic segments.

Method:
We analyze electromagnetic articulography data of 18 Southern Swedish speakers by testing hypotheses based on the Descriptive Approach to Segmental Articulations. In this approach, articulatory movements are divided into fast intervals and steady states, and the crucial (“primary”) articulators' deceleration and acceleration peaks align with the acoustic segment boundaries.

Results:
Previous findings on the lips and the tongue tip are confirmed. New results are the jaw as noncrucial (“nonprimary”) does not align with the acoustic segment boundaries: Its steady states are shorter than consonant and vowel segments. Moreover, place of articulation of the coda affects the jaw cycle, while syllable type only affects jaw closing. No such effects are found on the edges of the jaw cycle, instead only gender affects jaw deceleration at syllable onset.

Conclusions:
The jaw is not crucial for the timing of the acoustic segment boundaries; also, syllable borders seem to not be affected by place of segmental articulation. The results strengthen the view of the jaw as syllable articulator providing a frame and the other articulators (e.g., lips and tongue tip) as the segmental articulators providing the content.
Towards intelligent transportation system: A comprehensive review of electronic toll collection systems
Authors: Shahrier Mahir , Hasnat Arif , Al‐Mahmud Jobaer , Huq Armana Sabiha , Ahmed Sakib , Haque Md. Khorshadul 
Published: March 2024

AbstractElectronic toll collection system (ETCS) devices on vehicles communicate wirelessly with road head devices at toll stations. ETCS is preferred in countries because it is more convenient and efficient than manual toll collection. However, the scattered and constant innovations in this sector require a bridge between worldwide ETCS usage and advancements and a single page to grasp this sector's developments to ensure further developments. Following a systematic review, this study examined ETCS worldwide and technology adaption considering the scopes, limitations, usages, and related technology of the ever‐developing electronic toll collection system. Existing ETCS technologies have been investigated and synchronized with ingrowing tech disparity to overcome the research synchronization gap. The study also included a bibliometric assessment to identify the important areas of research, technologies most used, degree of knowledge generated, growth/trend of the researches, most well‐known authors, keywords, countries, documents, source of publication, and so on considering time‐to‐time changes. The study provided bibliometric solutions to the gap of lack of synchronization of research worldwide and even ETCS implementation difference within a country, which complicated collaboration with the central system and linked organizations and made it difficult for users to adapt the system.
Generative AI and the future for China’s diplomacy
Authors: Manfredi-Sánchez Juan Luis , Morales Pablo Sebastian 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis paper explores the challenges of Generative AI technologies to China’s diplomatic engagement worldwide. First, it examines the discourse in China about the development of ChatGPT, by focusing on the treatment of the technology and the possible risks and opportunities regarding international affairs. Second, the article highlights four challenges: (1) the securitization of AI, where import/export controls, data access, and semiconductors open a new field of research; (2) the (techno-) socialism with Chinese characteristics and the response to the arrival of cutting-edge technologies from U.S. capital and their impact on the development of a local model; (3) the soft censorship: the development of a technology that responds in the "correct" way (i.e., in line with the ruling ideology) by discriminating the suitability of sources/data deemed correct and appropriate for the public sphere; (4) the impact on public diplomacy, as AI projects an aura of innovation and technological reputation. In summary, this paper contributes to the theoretical debate on the challenges posed by Generative IA technologies in the context of China’s diplomatic practices.
How aging impacts environmental sustainability—insights from the effects of social consumption and labor supply
Authors: Li Shuyu , Wang Qiang , Li Rongrong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPopulation aging is discreetly reshaping the dynamics of social demand and labor supply, introducing potential turbulence to global carbon emissions. Understanding the impact of aging on carbon emissions is imperative for steering the next phase of sustainable development. This study, focusing on China, the world’s largest carbon emitter, delved into the intricacies of how population aging influences carbon emissions using a dynamic panel threshold model and a mediated effects model. Geographic heterogeneity within China was also considered. On the one hand, this study incorporated three consumer-side intermediation mechanisms: energy consumption, residential consumption and medical consumption. It was found that the positive driving effect of consumption-side variables on carbon emissions was characterized by an inverted “U”-shaped change in China’s highly aging regions, while an asymptotic upward trend of 7.65% was observed in regions with moderate and low aging. On the other hand, this study scrutinized three supply-side mediating mechanisms: industrial structure, R&D innovation and labor supply. The mechanism of supply-side variables on carbon emissions exhibited a shift from robustly positive driving to more nuanced weak positive driving or even negative inhibiting in highly aging regions, while inhibiting effects dominated in regions with moderate and low aging. This study offers a dual perspective encompassing both the production and consumption sides, which lays a foundation for exploring the internal mechanism of aging on carbon emission.
Calixarenes and cyclodextrins as off- and on-fluorescence probes for carbazole
Authors: Carranza Matías E , Elero Hugo M , Hernández Pedro J Peña , Veglia Alicia V 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Absorption and fluorescence spectra of the nitrogen polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon carbazole (CZL) were analyzed with native cyclodextrins (CD; α, β, γ); derivatized CD (hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, HPCD; methyl-β-cyclodextrin, MeCD) and p-sulfonated calixarenes (SCAn, with n = 6 and 8) macrocycles. The results showed a slight increase in the absorbance of CZL with CD, but the mixture of CZL with SCA showed lower absorption than the sum of the individual spectra. Also, changes in fluorescence were observed by adding the macrocycles, quenching with SCA, and significant increases with CD. The higher fluorescence enhancement was with HPCD rationalized as a complex formation with 1:1 stoichiometry, with an average value for the association constant (K

A
) of (12 ± 1) x 102 M−1, and a quantum yield ratio between the complexed CZL and free CZL (ΦCZL-HPCD/ΦCZL) of (1.56 ± 0.02) at neutral pH and 25.0 °C. These increases in fluorescence were used as an on-fluorescence switch to develop a supramolecular analytical method for CZL in aqueous samples. The best analytical parameters were in HPCD (LOD = 1.41 ± 0.01 ng mL−1). The method was validated in aqueous samples of river and tap water with recoveries between 96%–104%. The proposed supramolecular method is quick, direct, selective and represents an alternative and low-cost analysis method.
Making Makers
Authors: Finch Michael P M 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This chapter examines the genesis of the original version of Makers of Modern Strategy. It situates the production of the volume within the intellectual atmosphere of the Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, with particular reference to opportunities afforded to Edward Mead Earle during the founding years of the institute. It also demonstrates that whilst the book that would become Makers was a product of Earle’s seminar on military studies, the particulars of its creation were driven by a narrower group of key individuals who took charge of the project as the membership of the seminar entered government service. Driven by further developments in that conflict and his desire to link past to present, Earle sought to revise his book almost immediately after publication. The chapter examines the parameters of Earle’s proposed revisions, and shows how he was unable to rise to the new challenge of remaking his own book.
Conclusion
Authors: Finch Michael P M 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The conclusion brings together common themes that emerge through consideration of the attempts to make and remake Makers, reflecting on the strengths and the limitations of the volumes and the projects associated with them, and emphasizing that contexts and contingency affected the ways in which Makers was made and remade. It places emphasis on the role of historians in the development and revision of Makers, and their importance in the broader academic approach to the study of war in the twentieth century. It also pays particular attention to differences between historians, the way in which their attitudes to the relationship between past and present affected their output, and the breadth and scope that they persistently sought to bring to their work.
In Search of Human Evolution
Authors: Crawford Michael H 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This volume focuses on methods of field investigations on the theory of evolution set in diverse environments. It also discusses the necessary preparation, sources of funds, and training required to conduct fieldwork in various countries. Populations investigated include (1) Siberian and Alaskan indigenous people; (2) Tlaxcaltecan populations of Mexico transplanted to adjoining valleys; (3) Mennonite migrants from Europe to the Midwestern United States; (4) origins of Irish Tinkers; (5) Basque populations of Spain; and (6) lymphoma in baboons of Sukhumi. Genetic markers were utilized to reconstruct the genetic structure of these populations and the micro-differentiation of transplanted groups over time periods of several hundred years. Genetic markers included blood groups, proteins, immunoglobulins, HLA and sequences, and uniparental DNA markers, such as maternal mtDNA and paternal NRY, autosomal short tandem repeats and single nucleotide polymorphisms. Results of these analyses indicate that (1) the Basque populations were descendants of migrants from the Middle East; (2) Tinkers are Irish who were displaced by the potato famine and political conditions; and (3) Black Caribs (Garifuna) represent an evolutionary success story forming 54 villages along the coast of Central America, from Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua. Methodology associated with bio-demography was utilized to develop testable hypotheses in Tiszahat, Hungary, and Valle Maira, Italy. This volume demonstrates that theories of evolution can be tested using DNA markers.
Methods to assess dermal exposures in occupational settings: a scoping review
Authors: Therkorn Jennifer H , Mathewson Brittany A , Laursen Christopher J , Maberti Silvia , Aizenberg Vitaly , Dinkelacker Brian T , Rege Saumitra 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objectives
The dermal exposure route is expected to become increasingly significant relative to total worker exposure as inhalational exposure limits continue to decrease. However, standardization of occupational exposure assessment methods and scientific consensus are needed. This is the first scoping review mapping the literature across all dermal exposure assessment methods and their targeted substances/chemicals in occupational settings.

Methods
Eligibility criteria broadly included studies reporting any noninvasive dermal exposure assessment method in an occupational setting. The literature search (Web of Science and MEDLINE) was restricted to peer-reviewed, primary literature published in the last 20 years (2002–2022). Titles/abstracts were dual independently screened. Data charting was performed by a single reviewer using standard template. All stages were pilot tested. The JBI (formerly, the Joanna Briggs Institute) scoping review methods and PRISMA-ScR checklist (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) were used.

Results
In total, 493 articles were data charted and categorized by 4 study types: methods development (22%), exposure assessment (51%), health outcomes (21%), and controls assessment (6%). Fourteen types of dermal exposure assessment methods were charted with biomarkers (51%), dosimeters (21%), and qualitative assessments such as questionnaires or surveys (17%) most common. Seventeen different chemicals/substances were charted; pesticides (28%) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) (22%) associated with crude oil products and combustion were most common. Mapping between substances and exposure assessment method categories, pesticide dosimeters (11%), and PAH biomarker studies (14%) were most reported. Literature gaps were identified for cleaning agents, hair dyes, glycol ether, N,N-dimethylformamide/N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, dioxins, and bisphenol A.

Conclusions
To foster scientific consensus, standardization across study reporting is needed for describing: (i) exposure assessment methods used, (ii) worker tasking/conditions, (iii) targeted substances and substance state, and (iv) targeted exposure routes. Overall, this review categorizes, maps, and defines the scope of literature for occupational dermal exposure assessment methods.
Exploring geographical influences on physicochemical characteristics of honey: the Montesinho Natural Park scenario
Authors: Soares Sónia , Magalhães Leandro , Moreira Manuela M , Rede Diana , Fernandes Virgínia Cruz , Viegas Olga , Pinto Edgar , Almeida Agostinho , Azevedo Rui , Delerue-Matos Cristina 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objectives
In recent years, there has been a substantial increase in the global consumption of honey, driven by the high demand for natural products that offer health benefits. Consequently, consumers show a preference for honey, recognised for its superior quality, namely honey with a Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) or honey produced in protected areas, as it is associated with superior attributes and characteristics. Portugal is one of the leading countries in the production of PDO honey, with Montesinho Natural Park (MNP) being an excellent example of high-quality Portuguese honey, known for its distinctive attributes. However, environmental threats pose a double challenge, leading to a decline in honey production and compromising its overall quality. This study aimed to assess the specific physicochemical parameters and nutritional characteristics of MNP honey and investigate their correlation with the different locations of apiaries.

Materials and Methods
MNP honey samples (n=13) were obtained from local producers or purchased at supermarkets. Standard physicochemical parameters, such as 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, diastase activity, moisture and ash content, free acidity, electrical conductivity and pH, were determined according to honey legislation. Additionally, colour parameters, protein, low-molecular-weight carbohydrates (mono- and disaccharides), and mineral content were determined.

Results
The results obtained were consistent with the requirements outlined in the legislation and those described in the literature. The results suggest that geographical factors within the park and boundaries do not contribute to variations in the analysed parameters.

Conclusions
A significant level of homogeneity was evident in all parameters evaluated among the MNP honey samples. This is the first comprehensive study of the physicochemical properties of honey from various apiaries within the MNP.