bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chirality Dependent Electronic and Spin Properties of SiC Nanotubes Calculated Using Relativistic Symmetrized Linearized Augmented Cylindrical Waves Method
Authors: D’yachkov Pavel N. , D’yachkov Evgeny P. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Spin and chirality dependent band structures of the single-walled (n1, n2) SiC nanotubes (NTs) with n1 = 7 and 7 ≥ n2 ≥ 0 are calculated using a first-principle cylindrical wave method. The helical and rotational symmetry of tubules was taken into account, the unit cells of any tubule being reduced to only two atoms that allowed to present the electronic structures of any tubule in a simple form with eight spin-dependent dispersion curves for the occupied states. All nanotubes are the wide-gap semiconductors with Eg between 2.26 and 3.15 eV and the spin-orbit splittings of the top of the valence and bottom of the conduction bandы lie in the range of 0.05–3.5 meV depending on chirality. The energies of the SO gaps in right- and left-handed NTs are exactly the same, but the spin directions are opposite. The chiral NTs most suitable for a selective spin transport with potentially high flows of the α- and β-electrons in opposite directions are noted.
ED-DKCNN: Advancing Supervised Crowd Counting in Complex Environments
Authors: Tomar Ankit , Kumar Santosh , Nijhawan Rahul , Verma Kamal Kant 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The increasing urban population has led to challenges in managing crowd dynamics, especially preventing tragic incidents like stampedes. Real-time, accurate crowd counting faces obstacles such as background clutter and perspective variations. The study accepts these challenges of supervised crowd counting by examining the effectiveness of convolutional arrangements in improving accuracy by using an encoder-decoder dynamic convolutional neural network * (ED-DKCNN). The combined segmented, edge-oriented data and texture-rich features are the input for the model capable of precise crowd counting, achievable even in complex scenarios with occlusions and dense crowds. It explores low and high-level crowd features, addresses occlusion and uneven crowd distribution, and utilizes deep mining and dense complementarity for optimized people counting without density map estimation. The proposed framework harnesses intra-and inter-depth information representation through a non-increasing-order kernel arrangement, achieving state-of-the-art accuracy in people counting compared to existing methods across various datasets. The extensive experiments over free and surveillance category datasets through multiple evaluation criteria firmly * https://link.springer.com/article/10. establish the proposed ED-DKCNN model as a state-of-the-art performer in this domain. Moreover, the proposed model significantly advances crowd-counting methodologies, offering potential applications in multi-modal data integration, real-time scenarios, privacy concerns, edge computing, cross-domain situations, and human behavior.
An AI based approach to evaluate students old script writings
Authors: Sitompul Opim Salim , Nababan Erna Budhiarti , Arisandi Dedy , Jaya Ivan , Taqyuddin Reza , Akbar Duwi , Sianipar Ruth Calista Paulina , Bonsangue Marcello 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Preserving cultural heritage, such as old manuscripts as expressions of human communities is one of sustainable development goals (SDGs) targets. In Indonesia, old manuscripts written in Batak language include many valuable insights for new generation. The manuscripts recorded variety of contents from folklore to medicinal prescriptions. Nevertheless, those heritages are worried to be vanishing in face of information technology advancement. Due to this reason, some efforts have been made by the Indonesian, for instance teaching the writing of the old language at schools in rural areas where this language is used. In this research, an experiment was conducted to recognize the writings of Batak scripts among the junior high school students who belong to Batak tribe in Balige, which is one of the rural districts of Indonesia. A group of students were participating to write some short phrases using digital graphic drawing pen tablets via a web-based application. Recognition of written scripts for the group was performed using convolutional neural network (CNN). The objective of this research is to evaluate capability of students' writings of Batak scripts using digital technology. The aims are two folds: to preserve the old scripts for new generations by enhancing their attention to the cultural heritage and to promote the quality of education using artificial intelligence techniques. The experimental results show that using digital tools students are facing some difficulties in coping with digital technology, whereby they were not able to finish the tasks in time frame given and showed lower accuracy in terms of phrases recognition. Nevertheless, students show enthusiasm on the usage of digital technology in the writing process and consider that preserving the cultural heritage is a necessity.
Study on the influence of raw material dosages on the production temperature of flexible polyurethane foam
Authors: Zhuang Yijie , Fang Zunhu , Yuan Zitao , Luo Quanbing , Xu Wenbin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Flexible polyurethane foam (FPUF) is a flammable synthetic polymer. In the foam production process, large amount of heat would be released from the chemical reactions of raw materials, which would even cause spontaneous combustion of foam. Thus, it would be meaningful to study the heat generation mechanisms and provide some measures to decrease heat production during FPUF production. This paper implemented FPUF production and temperature monitoring experiments to study the influence of different raw material dosages on the the FPUF production temperature. Meanwhile, FTIR analysis experiments were implemented to study the reason of production temperature changes at the influence of different raw material dosages. From the results, FPUF production temperature is closely related to the physical changes (such as evaporation, volume change, mass change) and chemical changes (such as foaming reaction, gelling reaction, catalytic reaction) of the foaming process. Insufficient polyol will lead to a significant increase in FPUF production temperature, which is a bigger potential safety hazard in FPUF production than dosage misuse of other raw materials. Meanwhile, replace part of polyether polyol with polymer polyol and replace part of water with methylene chloride in the FPUF formula can further effectively reduce the foam production temperature, and keep the foam quality simultaneously.
Keren-FFTGAN: A Novel Technique for Super-resolution Image Reconstruction Using Keren and FFT Image Registration with Generative Adversarial Networks
Authors: Gupta Gitanjali , Misra Er. Rajani 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This paper proposes a novel technique called Keren-FFTGAN for super-resolution image reconstruction from multiple low-resolution images. The technique combines Keren and Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) based image registration methods with a generative adversarial network (GAN) for image reconstruction. The image registration stage uses the Keren algorithm to estimate rotation and translation parameters and the FFT method to estimate scaling parameters between input images. The registered images are then fed into a GAN model consisting of a generator and discriminator network for reconstructing the high-resolution output image. The generator uses an efficient sub-pixel convolution layer to upscale images. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed Keren-FFTGAN technique outperforms state-of-the-art methods in terms of both objective image quality metrics and perceptual quality. The technique proves highly effective in recovering finer details from low-resolution images. By integrating robust image registration and advanced deep learning models, Keren-FFTGAN provides a novel way to boost spatial resolution for various applications.
Approximation Algorithms for Relative Survivable Network Design Problems
Authors: Dinitz Michael , Koranteng Ama , Kortsarz Guy , Nutov Zeev 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In the {\sc Survivable Network Design} ({\SND}) problem we seek a min-cost subgraph that satisfies pairwise edge-connectivity demands. This encompasses the {\sc $k$-Edge-Connected Spanning Subgraph} ({\kECSS}) problem (the case of uniform demands), and the case of a single demand is essentially the {\sc Min-cost $k$-Flow} problem with unit capacities. A weakness of these formulations is that we cannot ask for fault-tolerance larger than the connectivity. Inspired by recent definitions and progress in graph spanners, we study new variants of these problems under a notion of \emph{relative} fault-tolerance. Informally, we require not that two nodes are connected if there are $k$ faults (as in the classical setting), but that two nodes are connected if there are $k$ faults \emph{and the two nodes are connected in the underlying graph post-faults}. That is, the subgraph must ''behave'' identically to the underlying graph with respect to connectivity after $k$ faults. We define and introduce these ''relative'' problems, and provide approximation algorithms: a $2$-approximation for {\sc Relative}{\kECSS} ({\RkECSS}), a $(1+4/k)$-approximation for unweighted {\RkECSS}, a $2$-approximation for {\sc Relative SND} with demands $\leq 3$ ({\RtSND}), and a $2^{O(k^2)}$-approximation for {\RSND} with a single demand of $k$.
Evidence-Based Learning Strategies in Medicine Using AI
Authors: Arango-Ibanez Juan Pablo , Posso-Nuñez Jose Alejandro , Díaz-Solórzano Juan Pablo , Cruz-Suárez Gustavo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Large language models (LLMs), like ChatGPT, are transforming the landscape of medical education. They offer a vast range of applications, such as tutoring (personalized learning), patient simulation, generation of examination questions, and streamlined access to information. The rapid advancement of medical knowledge and the need for personalized learning underscore the relevance and timeliness of exploring innovative strategies for integrating artificial intelligence (AI) into medical education. In this paper, we propose coupling evidence-based learning strategies, such as active recall and memory cues, with AI to optimize learning. These strategies include the generation of tests, mnemonics, and visual cues.
Akademik Kütüphane Konsorsiyumları ile İlgili Yayınlara Yönelik Sistematik Bir Literatür Değerlendirmesi
Authors: BOZKURT Hanife Gül , KONYA Ümit 
Published: March 2024

Amaç: Bu çalışmada akademik kütüphane konsorsiyumları ile ilgili yazılmış bilimsel makalelerin bibliyografik olarak incelenerek kütüphanecilik disiplini alanında bir sentez yapılması amaçlanmıştır. Akademik kütüphane konsorsiyumu kavramıyla ilgili Web of Science veri tabanında bulunan bilimsel makaleler derlenerek, bu konuda çalışmalarda üzerinde durulan kavramlara odaklanılarak; Dünyadaki ve Türkiye’deki eğilim belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır.
Yöntem: Çalışmada 2019 ile (Ekim) 2023 yılları arasında Web of Science veri tabanında yayımlanmış araştırmalardan elde edilen veriler PRISMA 2020 bildirgesi kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman incelemesi kullanılmıştır. Verilerin kategorize edilmesinde ve kodlanmasında bu çalışmanın yazarları tarafından ortak geliştirilen “Veri Toplama Formu” kullanılmıştır. Veriler MAXQDA 2020 programı ile analiz edilmiştir.
Bulgular: Web of Science veri tabanında yapılan arama sonucu 418 çalışma tespit edilmiş, bu çalışmalardan sadece 33’ü sistematik derleme için uygun bulunmuştur. Çalışmaların çoğunun Amerika Birleşik Devletleri ve gelişmekte olan Afrika ülkelerinde yapıldığı, Türkiye adresli ise bir çalışmanın olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Akademik kütüphane konsorsiyumu konusunda yapılan çalışmalarda, elektronik kaynak paylaşım modelleri, kütüphaneler arası ödünç verme hizmetleri, iş birlikçi koleksiyon geliştirme, elektronik kaynak kullanım istatistiği standartları, maliyet paylaşım modelleri, kütüphane konsorsiyumlarının yeni rolleri gibi konular üzerinde durulmuştur.
Sonuç: Yapılan çalışmaların çoğunda akademik kütüphane konsorsiyumlarının geliştirdiği hizmetler ve kütüphanelerin yayıncılarla yaptıkları iş birlikleri üzerinde durulmuştur. Türkiye’de akademik kütüphane konsorsiyumu araştırmalarının eksik olduğu gözlemlenmiştir.
Özgünlük: Türkiye’de akademik kütüphane konsorsiyumu konusunda uluslararası literatürü değerlendirmeye yönelik yapılmış bir çalışma bulunmamaktadır. Ayrıca çalışmanın gelecekteki araştırmalar için olası alanları belirleyerek, araştırmacılara fikir vermesi yönünden önemli bir katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
An Analytical Study of Annular Raft on Granular Piles
Authors: Rathor Ajay Pratap Singh , Sharma Jitendra Kumar , Madhira Madhav 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Rafts are frequently used to design foundations on soft soils to minimize the overall and differential settlements of structures built on them. In many cases, the raft alone can offer sufficient bearing capacity and all that is needed to restrict foundation settlements to a predetermined level with a few widely spaced piles. Granular piles (GPs) can be used due to their several advantages over steel or concrete piles. An annular raft foundation is generally provided for overhead water tanks, chimneys, etc. The provision of granular piles underneath the annular raft foundation not only increases the capacity of the foundation but also minimizes the settlement to an acceptable level. The present study deals with a rigorous analysis of annular raft foundation supported by GPs based on the continuum approach. A new numerical method is developed with geometric considerations for excluding the loaded pile portion from the region of the raft area by considering two distinct zones. This article introduces a novel approach, the annular raft over granular piles, which represents an innovative solution in geotechnical engineering. This innovation has the potential to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of foundation design in various construction projects. The response of annular raft foundation with GPs is evaluated in terms of settlement influence factor (SIF), load shared by granular piles (in %), and normalized shear stress variation along the GP–soil interface. The present study reveals that the presence of the pile influences the stress distribution locally. The stiffness of GP, relative length of GP, relative size of the raft influence the settlement and load sharing of annular raft with GPs.
Mustard Gel is an Effective Intracanal Medicament Against Enterococcus Faecalis: an In-Vitro Study on Extracted Teeth
Authors: Zahra Ambreen , Naz Shazia , Mazhar Mashal 
Published: March 2024

<p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p>
<p><strong>Background and Objective:</strong> Root canal treatment is hampered by the presence of resilient bacteria within the canals of teeth which leads to the need for incorporation of intra-canal medication. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of mustard gel against the highly resistant Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) bacteria in comparison with calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) paste as an intra-canal medicament.</p>
<p><strong>Methods:</strong> This experimental study comprised forty extracted single-rooted teeth which were equally divided into two groups. In group 1, Ca(OH)2 paste was applied whereas in group 2, mustard gel was used. After disinfection, each tooth was sectioned horizontally into three equal parts. The standardized middle section was inoculated with a controlled strain of E. faecalis followed by the application of intra-canal medicaments for a week in both groups. The bacterial colonies were counted as colony-forming units (CFU/ml). Data were entered and analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 25.0.</p>
<p><strong>Results:</strong> Microscopically, E. faecalis appeared as cocci-round shaped in chains or pairs. The median bacterial count was 1,550 (775-2,500) for group 1 (Ca(OH)2 paste) as compared to only 400 (200-775) in group 2 (mustard gel) (p &lt; 0.001).</p>
<p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Mustard gel can be used as a cost-effective, readily available, and safe herbal alternative to Ca(OH)2 paste for root canal treatments.</p>
Correlating Histology Examination Performance with Histopathology Examination Results in Longitudinally Followed Pre-Clinical Students: A Comparative Analysis.
Authors: Chatha Wajid Ali , Elshafey Saad Hassan 
Published: March 2024

<p><strong>Background and Objective</strong>: In the undergraduate medical curriculum, various subjects synergize throughout the years, culminating in the completion of the MBBS course. Histology, a branch of Anatomy, specifically deals with microscopic anatomy. Concurrently, Histopathology, an extension of histology, is a vital facet of Pathology. Proficiency in comprehending the normal histological structure of the human body is imperative, enabling a comprehensive understanding of the microscopic foundations and the diagnosis of diseases during one's medical education. This study was designed to compare and contrast the MBBS students&rsquo; exam performance in Histology with that of Histopathology through a longitudinal follow up.</p>
<p><strong>Methods: </strong>A study sample comprised of MBBS students of College of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar, KSA who had completed final exams for both subjects between the academic years 2016 to 2021; excluding the academic year affected by Covid-19. Mean scores for the two subjects were computed, and statistical analysis, including the calculation of p-values, was performed using SPSS.</p>
<p><strong>Results</strong>: The mean scores for Histology and Pathology for the sample students were 75.6% and 77.26% respectively, exhibited a striking similarity and, indicated a robust correlation (p&lt;0.001) between the averages of the two subjects.</p>
<p><strong>Conclusion</strong>: The study suggests that, under typical circumstances, a solid grasp of histology enhances comprehension in histopathology. Students with a thorough understanding of normal human tissue are better equipped to predict changes or disruptions in pathological samples with increased accuracy</p>
Prevalence of prehypertension among adults: a study from Peshawar
Authors: Niaz Sumaira , Islam Shakir , Khan Tariq , Haq Khayam-ul 
Published: March 2024

<p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p>
<p><strong>Background &amp; Objectives</strong>:&nbsp;People with pre-hypertension (PHTN) is more likely to developed hypertension (HTN) and having higher risk of cardiovascular (CVD) and renal diseases. This study aims to determines the prevalence of pre-hypertension among the adult population of the XYZ institute</p>
<p><strong>Methods: </strong>A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted no the adult population of a teaching institute Peshawar. This study included sample of 176 adults. A close ended questionnaire, containing some demographic and medical information&rsquo;s was design to fulfil the aim of our study.&nbsp; Blood pressure measurement was taken from all subjects and data were analyzed by using SPSS version22.</p>
<p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of PHTN and HTN was 50.57% (n=89) and 18.19% respectively. &nbsp;statistically significant association was found of gender with PHTN (P=0.036). PHTN was slightly more prevalent among male gender i.e.39.8% comparative to female gender i.e. 10.8%.&nbsp;&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> More than our half study population was to have PHTN. Its incidence was found statistically significant with male gender and is at higher risk developed HTN.</p>
<p><strong>Key words</strong>:<em> </em>Blood pressure, hypertension and prehypertension.</p>
Practices and Adherence of Nurses with Standard Precautions of Infection Control in Intensive Care Units of Public Sector Hospitals in Lahore
Authors: aftab Amir , Ghani Mansoor , Kausar Samina , Rahman Tanzeel Ur , Bibi Tahira 
Published: March 2024

<p>Abstract</p>
<p>Background and objective: Severely ill patients are at a higher risk of carrying nosocomial infections especially when admitted to the intensive care units (ICUs). Therefore, it is the professional obligation of all health workers to adhere to the scientifically accepted criteria for infection control in clinical settings. This study was conducted to assess intensive care nurses&rsquo; adherence to standard precautions (SPs) and to assess the practices of SPs in intensive care.</p>
<p>Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out at ICUs of two public sector hospitals in Lahore, Pakistan, from March to September, 2022. A total of 150 nurses were selected for the study who worked in the medical-surgical, general, and specialized ICUs. The extent to which the behavior of a worker coincides with the prescribed standard (Adherence) and performing work repeatedly till it becomes a routine competency (Practice) was assessed using a structured questionnaire. The chi-square test was used to determine the link between adherence to SPs and the practice carried out by nurses. Data were analyzed and a p-value &le; 0.05 was taken as significant.</p>
<p>Results: A total of 84.7% of nurses showed adherence while practice was demonstrated by 52.7% of nurses. No significant correlation (p-value:0.95) was however found between the practice and adherence to the SPs, despite the fact that a notable gap was observed between the practice and adherence to SPs among ICU nurses.</p>
<p>Conclusion: It is concluded that a compromised adherence to SPs of infection control in ICUs of public sector hospitals in Lahore is exhibited by the nurses.</p>
The Contribution of Photon, Z Boson, Higgs, Radion and Unparticle to the Processes in Randall-Sundrum Model
Authors: Thuy Dao Thi Le , Mai Dung Le 
Published: March 2024

The fundamentally well-known process of Bhabha is studied from the theoretical view of unparticle physics in the prominent Randall-Sundrum model. The cross-sections independently for photon (γ), Z boson (Z), vector unparticle (Uμ), Higgs (h), radion (), and scalar unparticle (U) exchange are calculated and evaluated. Numerical calculations showed that the contribution of unparticle exchange dominates in very high energy regions. While the standard model exchanges as γ and Z are predominant in the lower energy region, h and contribution is very small in comparison with the other exchanges. The results are plotted in the energy ranges available in the present designs of accelerators and near future energy upgrades of the International Linear Collider (ILC) and The Compact Linear Collider (CLIC).