bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The clinical roadmap in a dual-beam hadrontherapy centre: tumour-based and patient-tailored selection criteria, management of range uncertainties and oncological patient pathway
Authors: Orlandi Ester , Lillo Sara , Camarda Anna Maria , Ronchi Sara , Chalaszczyk Agnieszka , Ciccone Lucia Pia , Rotondi Marco , Bonora Maria , Barcellini Amelia 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
In the present short report, we encompass the radiobiological and dosimetric advantages of particle beam radiotherapy and we illustrate the oncological pathway for patients eligible for hadrontherapy being used at the National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy (CNAO).

Methods
With a narrative approach, we examined the clinical and practical aspects of hadrontherapy compared to traditional photon beam radiotherapy. We described the need to select patients considering the intrinsic characteristics both of the tumour and the patient. Moreover, we described the decisional oncological tree and the patient pathway by our facility.

Results
Considering the dosimetric and radiobiological characteristics of particle beam radiotherapy, the selection of patients can not be done regardless of the intrinsic tumour and patient hallmarks. In particular, the tumour radioresistance, the patient radiosensitivity and the need to avoid post-actinic toxicities in long-term survivors should guide the clinical indication. The finite range of particles should be considered to avoid treatment uncertainties. Multidisciplinary national and international collaboration is crucial to better manage patients to treat with hadrontherapy and to create robust clinical evidence.

Conclusion
Hadrontherapy, with its distinctive physical and biological advantages, heralds a promising era in the field of precision radiotherapy. Patients’ radiosensitivity, tumour radioresistance, and treatment uncertainties should be considered to enhance the efficacy and to ameliorate the selection of patients.
Machine Translation for Multilingual Cancer Patient Education: Bridging Languages, Navigating Challenges
Authors: Lawson McLean Aaron , Yen Tui Lin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis commentary evaluates the use of machine translation for multilingual patienteducation in oncology. It critically examines the balance between technologicalbenefits in language accessibility and the potential for increasing healthcare disparities.The analysis emphasizes the need for a multidisciplinary approach to translation thatincorporates linguistic accuracy, medical clarity, and cultural relevance. Additionally, ithighlights the ethical considerations of digital literacy and access, underscoring theimportance of equitable patient education. This contribution seeks to advance thediscussion on the thoughtful integration of technology in healthcare communication,focusing on maintaining high standards of equity, quality, and patient care.
Evaluating Multi-target Regression Framework for Dynamic Condition Prediction in Wellbore
Authors: Keshavarz Sahar , Elmgerbi Asad , Vita Petr , Thonhauser Gerhard 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn recent years, the focus has shifted towards leveraging physics-based modelling and data-driven analysis to predict drilling incidents and anomalies in real time, with the goal of reducing non-productive periods. However, much of this attention has directed at specific drilling operations like drilling and tripping, leaving other vital processes, such as wellbore conditioning, comparatively overlooked. The primary objective of this study is to employ data-driven techniques for predicting the dynamic state of the wellbore by utilising sensor data, operating parameters, and surface measurements. Accurate predictions are pivotal for automating these processes, promising significant savings in both redundant time and associated costs, ultimately elevating operational efficiency.In this research, the surface drilling parameters such as flowrate, rotation speed, block position, and drill string length are incorporated with the surface measurements such as hookload, pressure, and torque during wellbore conditioning operation to predict further surface sensor measurements. Different parameter settings are evaluated to find the best approach. Six supervised learning algorithms are used to select the best prediction method. The findings reveal that considering all surface parameters and measurements yields the most accurate predictions. Among various single and multi-target regression methods, including deep learning approaches, the Gaussian process and random forest models exhibit the lowest prediction errors.By reliably predicting and understanding wellbore behaviour, this research paves the way for more efficient and autonomous drilling operations in the future, bridging a critical gap in the industry's automation capabilities.
Factors influencing the adoption of sustainable agricultural practices for rice cultivation in Southeast Asia: a review
Authors: Chang Sheng-Han-Erin , Benjamin Emmanuel O. , Sauer Johannes 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRice cultivation plays a vital role in the Southeast Asian (SEA) economy, but it poses environmental challenges and contributes a significant amount of greenhouse gas emissions. To address these concerns, sustainable agricultural practices (SAPs) for rice production have been introduced to mitigate the environmental impact of rice production while fostering economic and social sustainability. However, the adoption of these practices remains limited, highlighting the need for a critical review of existing literature to gain deeper insights into the factors influencing farmers’ adoption of these practices in SEA countries. This review analyzed 39 manuscripts to assess the current state of SAPs for rice cultivation in SEA. We found that socio-demographic variables and farm management variables were frequently examined in these studies, with varying levels of significance. Economic and institutional variables were moderately studied and tended to have more significant findings. There is a noticeable research gap regarding behavioral factors, emphasizing the need for further investigation in SEA. Furthermore, the findings underscore the importance of conducting additional research to develop effective monetary and non-monetary incentives and explore methodologies to address the gaps in understanding farmers’ trade-offs and preferences among different SAPs. These efforts are crucial for promoting the widespread adoption of SAPs in rice cultivation.
Thresholds and prediction models to support the sustainable management of herbivorous insects in wheat. A review
Authors: Leybourne Daniel J. , Storer Kate E. , Marshall Abigail , Musa Nasamu , Telling Samuel , Abel Laurie , White Sacha , Ellis Steve , Yang Po , Berry Pete M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWheat is one of the most important arable crops grown worldwide, providing a significant proportion of the daily calorific intake for countries across the globe. Wheat crops are attacked by a diverse range of herbivorous invertebrates, pests, that cause significant yield loss. It is anticipated that yield loss caused by pests will increase in response to a changing climate. Currently, these pests are primarily controlled using pesticides; however, there is an increased need for more sustainable pest management solutions. Economic thresholds represent one avenue that can support the sustainable management of pests. Briefly, thresholds are the number of pests above which there is sufficient risk of yield loss. Here, we review the economic thresholds and prediction methods available for sustainable pest management in wheat. We focus on five economically damaging pests affecting wheat crops in the UK and Europe. For each, we highlight the key period of crop risk to pest attack, identify economic thresholds, and provide an overview of current decision support models that can help estimate crop risk and advise sustainable pest management; we end by proposing areas for future improvement for each pest. Furthermore, we take a novel approach by discussing economic thresholds and their applications to sustainable pest management within the context of crop physiology and the capacity for crops to tolerate pest damage, a consideration that is often overlooked when developing pest management strategies. We use the stem-boring pest, the gout fly, as a case study and use the economic injury level equation to conduct a theoretical assessment of the appropriateness of the current gout fly threshold. This theoretical assessment indicates that wheat crops can tolerate greater gout fly damage than currently considered, and shows that by incorporating crop physiology into sustainable pest tolerance schemes we can work towards developing more appropriate physiological-based pest thresholds.
Ancient methods & modern memes: using Socratic circles and TikTok within classes to democratise your teaching
Authors: Kolber Steven 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDemocratic education remains a contentious and much strived for goal within teaching practice. What is most often lacking are the precise tools and techniques that might be combined to make this democratic goal a reality within schools. Considerations of democratic approaches to education within the literature are frequently theoretical, but practically quite limited. Moving from a highly theoretical space to a practical approach ready to be applied within a modern classroom, this paper will explore a confluence of teaching approaches that might make democratic education possible. The techniques, tools and platforms provided for consideration by teachers and lecturers here are grouped around three core themes: accessibility; relevance and efficiency to generate and allow a space that is democratic in nature. The tools for accessibility are: Instructional Video; Assistive technologies; and Generative Artificial Intelligence. Whilst for relevance: YouTube and TikTok are explored. In regards to efficiency: Flipped Learning, Retrieval practice and Method of Loci are discussed. And when honing in on the democratic nature of classroom spaces Socratic circles and a broadly Socratic approach are key. By combining these techniques this paper will propose a highly practical, modern method for producing a democratic classroom, with notes on how teachers might be able to carve out space and thinking to defend their choices and the logic behind combining these techniques to address modern students' needs and requirements.
Becoming a legitimate actor: “Rainbow pastors” and same-sex marriage within the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland
Authors: Kouri Suvi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis article explores the public discussion in the media where a group of religious activists who call themselves rainbow pastors are constructed as a legitimate actor in terms of the same-sex marriage debate within the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland (ELCF). Same-sex marriage was legalized in Finland in March 2017. The majority of the population and members of the ELCF support same-sex couples’ right to marry. However, it is not officially approved within the ELCF, which causes polarization. This study draws on a neo-institutionalist framework of epistemic governance to identify the discursive representations and justifications presented in the media. The activists aimed to convince the church decision-makers and general public of the need for institutional change regarding the religious understanding of marriage while the media pushed its own agenda. The data for this study consist of news articles in which the issue of the ELCF and same-sex marriage was discussed. Four discursive representations were identified: contesting the authority of the ELCF, creating heroic narratives, drawing on common moral principles, and normalizing same-sex marriage. The findings show that the debate also turned into a battle over authority, in which the rainbow pastors challenged the official power structures of the ELCF.
A quantum k-nearest neighbors algorithm based on the Euclidean distance estimation
Authors: Zardini Enrico , Blanzieri Enrico , Pastorello Davide 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe k-nearest neighbors (k-NN) is a basic machine learning (ML) algorithm, and several quantum versions of it, employing different distance metrics, have been presented in the last few years. Although the Euclidean distance is one of the most widely used distance metrics in ML, it has not received much consideration in the development of these quantum variants. In this article, a novel quantum k-NN algorithm based on the Euclidean distance is introduced. Specifically, the algorithm is characterized by a quantum encoding requiring a low number of qubits and a simple quantum circuit not involving oracles, aspects that favor its realization. In addition to the mathematical formulation and some complexity observations, a detailed empirical evaluation with simulations is presented. In particular, the results have shown the correctness of the formulation, a drop in the performance of the algorithm when the number of measurements is limited, the competitiveness with respect to some classical baseline methods in the ideal case, and the possibility of improving the performance by increasing the number of measurements.
Fertilizer Value of Nutrient-Enriched Biochar and Response of Canola Crop
Authors: Hossain Md Zahangir , Bahar Md Mezbaul , Sarkar Binoy , Bolan Nanthi , Donne Scott 
Published: April 2024

AbstractExcessive use of chemical fertilizers (CFs) can result in a decrease of soil organic matter, lowering soil fertility and agricultural productivity. Biochar application could be a promising approach to reduce these issues and increase soil fertility. In this study, the effects of nutrient-enriched biochar (NEBC) on soil properties and canola (Brassica napus L.) plant growth were investigated. A pot experiment was conducted following a completely randomized design with three replications. Two contrasting Australian soils were amended with three doses (i.e., control, 1%, and 5% w/w) of three NEBCs, one biosolid biochar (BSBC), and CF. The canola plant growth experiment spanned over eight weeks assessing the effects of the amendments. Soil properties were examined after plant harvesting. NEBC and BSBC lowered soil pH (up to 1.38 units) and increased soil EC (up to 378 µS cm−1). They also increased P (up to 19-fold) and K (up to 0.67 g kg−1) availability, improving canola growth compared to CF. Biochar increased dehydrogenase enzyme activity (up to twofold), but NEBC reduced seed germination due to high nutrient content. Nutrient concentration in plant tissues increased with NEBC and BSBC application. Application of NEBC and BSBC improved soil properties, resulting in increased growth of canola. The application rate of NEBC fertilizer requires further optimization to improve soil fertility and crop productivity.
The Influence of Gender on Academic Performance and Psychological Resilience, and the Relationship Between Both: Understanding the Differences Through Gender Stereotypes
Authors: Vera Gil Sara 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNumerous studies have shown that psychological resilience is a key capability for students to succeed in an academic setting, but few of them have analyzed this connection from the perspective of gender. With the hypothesis that resilience and academic performance correlations are displayed differently across genders, we used the RESI-M questionnaire and academic grades to analyze this assumption. The results showed that there are gender differences in terms of the relationship between psychological resilience and academic performance. While we found that for women some factors of psychological resilience did correlate with their grades, no relationship between any of the factors and academic performance was found in men. As gender theory has claimed, men and women show differences in their behavior due to gender socialization and through the influence of gender stereotypes. Concerning these differences, our results demonstrate that while women make use of their resilience capacity in the form of planning skills and social support to perform better in higher education, men do not. Using our theoretical framework, these results are consistent with how women are socialized to make more effort in the academic setting. Men, on the other hand, tend to be less involved, since trying academically would make them “less of a man”. These results have some important implications for gender equality.
Emotional governance at the street level: a content analysis of service slogans in China
Authors: Tong Yijing , Hsieh Chih-Wei , Fan Jincheng 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis paper explores emotional governance in Chinese street-level bureaucracy by conducting a content analysis of service slogans. Emotional governance involves the use of emotional management strategies in the process of public administration, with the goal of influencing interactions between administrators and citizens to achieve desired policy outcomes. We gathered service slogans from the social media accounts of public service agencies. Through content analysis, this study identifies common emotional governance strategies and discusses the implications for administrator-citizen interactions. Building upon the findings and relevant literature, this paper proposes recommendations to help Chinese street-level bureaucracy “walk the talk,” emphasizing the hands-on practice of effective emotional governance through managing employees’ emotional labor. The significance of this research lies not only in providing practical guidance for managers seeking to enhance public service performance but also in contributing to our understanding of emotional governance, an area that remains under-researched.
Distributed optimization via dynamic event-triggered scheme with metric subregularity condition
Authors: Yu Xin , Chen Xi , Fan Yuan , Cheng Songsong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we present a continuous-time algorithm with a dynamic event-triggered communication (DETC) mechanism for solving a class of distributed convex optimization problems that satisfy a metric subregularity condition. The proposed algorithm addresses the challenge of limited bandwidth in multi-agent systems by utilizing a continuous-time optimization approach with DETC. Furthermore, we prove that the distributed event-triggered algorithm converges exponentially to the optimal set, even without strong convexity conditions. Finally, we provide a comparison example to demonstrate the efficiency of our algorithm in communication resource-saving.
Optimizing perioperative anesthesia strategies for safety and high-quality during painless gastrointestinal endoscopy diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Xu Le , Li Yanhong , Zheng Hong , Wang Rurong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWith advancements in sedation techniques,painless gastrointestinal endoscopy has expanded from a diagnostic role to surgeries. This study aims to explore strategies for enhancing patient satisfaction, improving safety, and reducing complications. Tailoring preoperative assessments beyond American Society of Anesthesiologists classification is crucial, especially for the elderly and pediatric populations. Integration of scales and point-of-care testing (POCT) provides a precise baseline evaluations. Optimizing anesthetic strategies through improved drug selection and enhanced perioperative monitoring follows accurate patient evaluations. While post-procedural follow-up is essential, existing studies in this area are limited. This article outlines current painless gastrointestinal endoscopy technology, emphasizing POCT establishment, personalized monitoring, and optimized anesthesia strategies for a positive impact on patient outcomes.
Exploring the Role of Non-Formal Education in Tourism Resource Management
Authors: Vinodan A. , Meera S. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the pivotal role of non-formal education in enhancing ecotourism resource management, aiming to elevate contemporary practices in the field. Utilizing a comprehensive methodology involving focus group discussions and expert interviews held at Parambikulam and Periyar Tiger Reserves of Kerala, India, the research employs latent content analysis to extract critical elements. The identified components of non-formal education programmes—education, awareness and interpretations—underscore their multifaceted nature within (eco)tourism destinations. Beyond unveiling strategies, the study scrutinises gaps in community interventions and their alignment with global mandates like the post-Aichi Target and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Urging immediate action from policymakers, administrators and stakeholders, the research advocates for incentive-based mechanisms aligning with post-Aichi Target and SDG objectives. The study emphasises community-based non-formal education programmes foster community involvement and encourages social and cultural interventions. Significantly, these programmes contribute to biodiversity conservation by disseminating locally generated, authentic information. This research underscores the transformative potential of incentivized, community-driven, non-formal education, emphasising its crucial role in advancing local communities and global sustainability goals.
A neo-positivist theory of scientific change
Authors: Bycroft Michael 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHistorians of science appear to agree on two things. There is a shortage of large-scale histories of science, and positivism is best avoided. In fact, we have many big-picture histories of science. The problem is not the lack of such histories but the lack of agreement between them. They differ with respect to chronology, geography, narrative structure, favoured disciplines, recent revisionism and epistemology. To make the most of these differences, I resurrect an idea from nineteenth-century positivism, namely that science evolves by the migration of methods from one matter to another. This is an old form of materialism that complements more recent materialisms. The neo-positivist approach may be illustrated by matters as varied as stars, crystals and the Pacific Ocean. If we revive positivism as an intellectual project, we might also revive the social goal of positivism, which was to use the history of science to make the world more rational. A present-day version of this project is to use the history of science to defend the humanities as a rational enterprise.
Militant cynicism: Rethinking Private Eye in postwar Britain, ca. 1960–80
Authors: Crook Tom 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis article seeks to rethink the nature and significance of the fortnightly magazine Private Eye during its first two decades. Existing accounts have interpreted it almost exclusively through the lens of the “satire boom” (1961–63), and suggest that, in the final analysis, the magazine neither desired nor advanced any substantial critique of the political status quo. Besides neglecting its investigative facets, among other elements, these readings make the mistake of seeking to frame the significance of the magazine in conventional ideological terms. This article puts these neglected elements back into the picture and argues that the magazine is best understood as enacting a militant form of the kind of cynicism—at once outrageous and morally outraged—analyzed by Peter Sloterdijk and Michel Foucault, and other scholars in their wake. This provides a much more satisfying account of the many facets of Private Eye as these evolved during the 1960s and 1970s, including its affinities with various currents in postwar journalism and countercultural expression. Above all, it allows us to recast the politics of Private Eye as a form of moral protest that was expressed in the assumption of an intrinsically antagonistic relation toward “politics” and authority per se.