bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Retrospective Analysis of 129 Ameloblastoma Cases: Clinical and Demographical Trends from a Single Institution
Authors: Vila Stefan , Oster Robert A. , James Sherin , Morlandt Anthony B. , Powell Kathlyn K. , Amm Hope M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAmeloblastomas are benign neoplasms of the jaw, but frequently require extensive surgery. The aim of the study was to analyze the demographic and clinicopathological features of ameloblastoma cases at a single Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery group in the United States. Study Design: A retrospective chart review of patients evaluated for ameloblastoma between 2010 and 2020 at a single tertiary care center. Age, race, sex, tumor size, tumor location, and histological subtypes were recorded. Results: A total of 129 cases of ameloblastoma were recorded with a mean patient age of 42 ± 18.6 years (range 9–91 years old), male to female ratio 1.08:1. Ameloblastoma presenting in the mandible outnumbered maxilla in primary (118 to 8, respectively) and recurrent cases (8 to 1, respectively). There was a higher prevalence of ameloblastoma in Black patients (61.3%) with mean age of Black patients occurring at 40.5 years and the mean age of White patients occurring at 47.8 years and mean tumor size trended larger in the Black patients (15.7 cm2) compared to White patients (11.8 cm2). Conclusion: Data suggests a strong influence of racial factors on the incidence of ameloblastoma, with regards to size, Black patients with ameloblastoma trended higher and more data is needed to clearly elucidate any relationship between the tumor size and race, as other factors may influence the size (such as time to discovery).
Assessing the predictability of fungicide resistance evolution through in vitro selection
Authors: Hawkins Nichola J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPlant pathogens are highly adaptable, and have evolved to overcome control measures including multiple classes of fungicides. More effective management requires a thorough understanding of the evolutionary drivers leading to resistance. Experimental evolution can be used to investigate evolutionary processes over a compressed timescale. For fungicide resistance, applications include predicting resistance ahead of its emergence in the field, testing potential outcomes under multiple different fungicide usage scenarios or comparing resistance management strategies. This review considers different experimental approaches to in vitro selection, and their suitability for addressing different questions relating to fungicide resistance. When aiming to predict the evolution of new variants, mutational supply is especially important. When assessing the relative fitness of different variants under fungicide selection, growth conditions such as temperature may affect the results as well as fungicide choice and dose. Other considerations include population size, transfer interval, competition between genotypes and pathogen reproductive mode. However, resistance evolution in field populations has proven to be less repeatable for some fungicide classes than others. Therefore, even with optimal experimental design, in some cases the most accurate prediction from experimental evolution may be that the exact evolutionary trajectory of resistance will be unpredictable.
Upscaling earth formworks: 3D printing strategies for material optimised reinforced concrete structures
Authors: Cutajar Sacha , Dielemans Gido , Krakovska Ema , Dorresteijn Evelien , Mai Inka , Lowke Dirk , Doerfler Kathrin , Lloret-Fritschi Ena 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThere is a growing need to understand how locally sourced earthen materials can be processed to build more efficiently and sustainably. Earthen formworks combined with 3D printing technologies present a unique opportunity for the concrete construction sector to address the wastefulness and complexity of custom formworks. The current state-of-the-art projects in academia and industry demonstrate that earthen formwork strategies effectively address this challenge, but remain burdened by upscaling issues such as production speed. This research bridges the gap by exploring strategies for 3D Printed earth formworks to efficiently produce structural elements using custom self-compacting and set-on-demand concrete mixtures. A first base earth mix is developed for reduced shrinkage and later modified via a plasticizer for increased green strength, forming the final mix. Two mix iterations are deployed in two corresponding strategies where concrete is cast into the earth formwork in a dry or plastic state. The methods highlighting the setups for 3D printing and procedures for appropriate material processing such as slump flow, shrinkage and rheology are presented. The results are explored via two column prototypes leading to a final demonstrator for a 2 m high reinforced concrete column. Conclusions are drawn on the implications of the two casting strategies, the current persisting challenges and the crucial next steps for development. Thus, the research provides a foundation for how clay formworks can be upscaled effectively for more sustainable production of complex concrete structures.
Efficient annotation reduction with active learning for computer vision-based Retail Product Recognition
Authors: Griffioen Niels , Rankovic Nevena , Zamberlan Federico , Punith Monisha 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe retail industry encounters huge obstacles with computer vision (CV) technology due to frequent model retraining with changing products and time-consuming, costly data annotation. Previous research in this field has been primarily focused on optimizing model performance rather than minimizing annotation effort. Therefore, the main idea of this paper is to evaluate active learning as a method to minimize annotation effort in the retail industry. The MVTEC Densely Segmented Supermarket dataset is used to evaluate various active learning methods such as the Least Confident, Entropy and Cost-Effective Active Learning (CEAL) along with Mask R-CNN model. The results demonstrate that annotating only 20.83$$-$$
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24.34% of the data achieves 95% of the full dataset’s performance. When training, out-of-sample data share similar characteristics, the Least Confident and CEAL methods reduce annotation requirements by 7.7$$-$$
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15.7% while maintaining 95% and 97% of the full dataset’s performance. However, the Entropy method under-performs compared to the random selection baseline. Ultimately, none of the methods show a clear advantage when the data characteristics differ between training and out-of-sample data. Finally, the proposed active learning methods on an industry-specific retail dataset remarkably propels the development of highly efficient and cost-effective CV solutions meticulously tailored for the retail industry.
Effect of Sampling Frequency on a Unilateral Isometric Hamstring Strength Assessment Using Force Plates
Authors: Ripley Nicholas J , McMahon J. J. , Comfort P 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine the effect of sampling frequency on the 90–90° (90-degrees hip and knee flexion) isometric hamstring assessment. Thirty-three elite female soccer players (age: 18.7 ± 3.7 years; height: 158.3 ± 5.9 cm; body mass: 62.8 ± 5.5 kg) performed three unilateral trials on a single occasion of the 90–90° isometric hamstring assessment. Force-time data were collected using force plates at 1000 Hz and down sampled to 500-, 250-, and 100 Hz. Peak force (N), force (N) at 100- and 200 ms and average rate of force development (aRFD) (N/s) over a 100- and 200 ms epoch were calculated. A repeated measures of analysis of variance and effect size was used to compare means. Excellent absolute and good relative reliability was observed for peak force across all sampling frequencies. Force at 100- and 200 ms and aRFD over 100 ms and 200 ms resulted poor-moderate relative reliability and poor-excellent absolute reliability. No significant trivial differences were observed for peak force between sampling frequencies (P > 0.05, Cohen’s d = 0.02–0.12). A significant difference (P < 0.001) was identified in 500, 250 and 100 Hz, with small-moderate and small-large increases in force at set time points and aRFD, respectively, in comparison to 1000 Hz (d = 0.21–2.00). Higher sampling frequencies (> 500 Hz) reduces the reliability of time dependent force characteristics, with minimal effect on peak force. Regular monitoring of peak force can be performed with higher sampling frequencies, but lower sampling frequencies would be beneficial to collect reliable rapid-force generating measures.
Comparative and interactive response of salicylic acid, 24–epibrassinolide or sodium nitroprusside against cadmium stress in Linum usitatissimum
Authors: Nazir Sabreena , Arif Yamshi , Mir Anayat Rasool , Siddiqui Husna , Faizan Mohammad , Alam Pravej , Shamsul Hayat 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Concerns regarding the effects of heavy metals (HMs) on agricultural productivity have grown over time. Because HM stress disrupts a number of the plants' physiological-biochemical and metabolic processes, it severely limits production. Phytohormones can effectively improve plants resistance to HM stress. This work was done to examine the comparative effectiveness of salicylic acid (SA), 24–epibrassinolide (EBL) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) on photosynthetic attributes, growth, & antioxidant enzymes activity in Linum usitatissimum cv. RLC–6 (flax) subjected to cadmium (Cd) stress during vegetative growth stages. Cd considerably decreases the length, biomass, leaf diameter, chlorophyll content, and photosynthetic traits; and further triggered ROS and MDA content in plant. Moreover, exogenous application of SA, EBL and SNP individually and in combination improved the antioxidant enzymatic machinery by increasing the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POX), and catalase (CAT) and decrease the superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, scavenges ROS and MDA accumulation. Furthermore, submission of phytohormones also caused proline to accumulate and the activities of carbonic anhydrase (CA) and nitrate reductase (NR) to be activated which were impaired due to Cd stress. Among the phytohormones, the most effective method for dropping the damaging impacts of Cd and promoting plant growth and development was EBL. However, combined application of all three phytohormones (SA + EBL + SNP) proved to be the best. Thus, it can be concluded that, these augmented activity of antioxidants and proline elicited by application of phytohormones, would have continued to be able to give Linum usitatissimum exposed to Cd stress resistance.
Minimally invasive surgery is safe and effective for advanced HCC patients receiving perioperative adjuvant therapy: a real-world retrospective study
Authors: Ma Ben , Jiang Nan , Liu Boyuan , Wang Zhaohai , Li Chenggang , Wu Shurui , Wu Yintao , Zhao Wenchao , Xia Nianxin , Hu Minggen 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Combining surgery and perioperative adjuvant therapy, including tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI), anti-PD-1 antibody, and interventional therapy, can prolong the survival of patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Adverse reactions to adjuvant therapy, surgical trauma, and surgical complications are challenging for this combined treatment mode. This study aims to explore whether minimally invasive hepatectomy is safe or appropriate in patients with advanced HCC.

Methods
This retrospective study involved patients with advanced HCC who underwent minimally invasive surgery (MIS group, n = 31) or open surgery (OS group, n = 35) from August 2020 to April 2023 from four medical groups at two medical centers. Operation-related indicators, early postoperative complications, and postoperative drug tolerance were compared between the two groups.

Results
Sixty-six patients were enrolled. Between the MIS group and the OS group, there were no significant differences in Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) tumor staging (P = 0.44), surgical difficulty (P = 0.29), and R0 resection rate (P = 0.34). Compared with the OS group, the MIS group had less blood loss (101.9 mL vs. 209.0 mL, P = 0.003), shorter average operation time (165.7 min vs. 224.5 min, P = 0.000 4), shorter postoperative fasting time (1.5 d vs. 2.4 d, P = 0.002), shorter postoperative bed time (1.7 d vs. 3.0 d, P < 0.0001) and length of hospital stay (7.1 d vs. 9.4 d, P = 0.001), lower incidence of complication (Clavien-Dindo grade II–III, P = 0.03), better nutritional status, and earlier postoperative adjuvant treatment.

Conclusion
Minimally invasive hepatectomy is safe for patients with advanced HCC after conversion therapy and may improve tolerance to combination treatment relative to open surgery.

Graphical Abstract
An extension of the stochastic sewing lemma and applications to fractional stochastic calculus
Authors: Matsuda Toyomu , Perkowski Nicolas 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We give an extension of Lê’s stochastic sewing lemma. The stochastic sewing lemma proves convergence in

$L_m$

of Riemann type sums

$\sum _{[s,t] \in \pi } A_{s,t}$

for an adapted two-parameter stochastic process A, under certain conditions on the moments of

$A_{s,t}$

and of conditional expectations of

$A_{s,t}$

given

$\mathcal F_s$

. Our extension replaces the conditional expectation given

$\mathcal F_s$

by that given

$\mathcal F_v$

for

$v<s$

, and it allows to make use of asymptotic decorrelation properties between

$A_{s,t}$

and

$\mathcal F_v$

by including a singularity in

$(s-v)$

. We provide three applications for which Lê’s stochastic sewing lemma seems to be insufficient. The first is to prove the convergence of Itô or Stratonovich approximations of stochastic integrals along fractional Brownian motions under low regularity assumptions. The second is to obtain new representations of local times of fractional Brownian motions via discretization. The third is to improve a regularity assumption on the diffusion coefficient of a stochastic differential equation driven by a fractional Brownian motion for pathwise uniqueness and strong existence.
Psychosocial and psychological interventions for schizophrenia relapse prevention: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Liu Fang , Qiao Wei , Yuan Xiuxia , Hei Gangrui , Li Xin , Zhang Yu , Song Xueqin , Zhang Dongqing 
Published: April 2024

AbstractVarious psychosocial and psychological interventions have been developed to reduce schizophrenia relapse prevention. A better understanding of these active interventions is important for clinical practice and for meaningful allocation of resources. However, no bibliometric analysis of this area has been conducted. Studies were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection database. The publication outputs and cooperation of institutions were visualized with Origin 2021. Global cooperation was visualized using ArcGIS Pro3.0. VOSviewer was used to generate visualizations of network of authors and keywords. The number of annual publications generally showed a fluctuating upward trend over the past 20 years. Germany published the most relevant articles (361, 26.76%). The Technical University of Munich was the most productive institution (70, 9.86%). Leucht Stefan published the most articles (46, 6.48%) and had the highest number of citations (4,375 citations).Schizophrenia Researchpublished the most studies (39, 5.49%). Keywords were roughly classified into three clusters: cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), family interventions and family psychoeducation and other factors related to interventions. The findings provided the current status of research on psychosocial and psychological interventions for schizophrenia relapse prevention from a bibliometric perspective. Recent research has mainly focused on CBT, family interventions and family psychoeducation.
Crafting British medicine in the Empire: the establishment of medical schools in India and Canada, 1763–1837
Authors: Robert Martin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn the early nineteenth century, medical schools became a growing means of regulating medicine in the British Empire, both in the metropole and in two colonies: India and Canada. By examining the establishment of medical schools in Calcutta, Bombay, Madras, Quebec City, Montreal and Toronto between the end of the Seven Years’ War and the beginning of the Victorian era, this article argues that the rise of the British Empire was a key factor in the gradual replacement of private medical apprenticeships with institutional medical education. Although the imperial state did not implement a uniform medical policy across the British Empire, the medical schools established under its jurisdiction were instrumental in devising a curriculum that emphasised human dissection, bedside training in hospitals and organic chemistry as criteria of medical competence.
When can networks be inferred from observed groups?
Authors: Neal Zachary P. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCollecting network data directly from network members can be challenging. One alternative involves inferring a network from observed groups, for example, inferring a network of scientific collaboration from researchers’ observed paper authorships. In this paper, I explore when an unobserved undirected network of interest can accurately be inferred from observed groups. The analysis uses simulations to experimentally manipulate the structure of the unobserved network to be inferred, the number of groups observed, the extent to which the observed groups correspond to cliques in the unobserved network, and the method used to draw inferences. I find that when a small number of groups are observed, an unobserved network can be accurately inferred using a simple unweighted two-mode projection, provided that each group’s membership closely corresponds to a clique in the unobserved network. In contrast, when a large number of groups are observed, an unobserved network can be accurately inferred using a statistical backbone extraction model, even if the groups’ memberships are mostly random. These findings offer guidance for researchers seeking to indirectly measure a network of interest using observations of groups.
Normalized solutions to the quasilinear Schrödinger equations with combined nonlinearities
Authors: Mao Anmin , Lu Shuyao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe consider the radially symmetric positive solutions to quasilinear problem
\begin{equation*}-\triangle u-u\triangle u^{2}+\lambda u=f(u),\quad{\rm in} \ \mathbb{R}^{N},\end{equation*}having prescribed mass $\int_{\mathbb{R}^{N}}|u|^2 =a^2,$ where a > 0 is a constant, λ appears as a Lagrange multiplier. We focus on the pure L2-supercritical case and combination case of L2-subcritical and L2-supercritical nonlinearities
\begin{equation*}f(u)=\tau |u|^{q-2}u+|u|^{p-2}u,\quad \tau \gt 0,\qquad{\rm where}\ \ 2 \lt q \lt 2+\frac{4}{N} \ {\rm and} \quad \ p \gt \bar{p},\end{equation*}where $\bar{p}:=4+\frac{4}{N}$ is the L2-critical exponent. Our work extends and develops some recent results in the literature.
Cercarial productivity of redial generations in single-miracidium infections of Lymnaea truncatula with Paramphistomum daubneyi or Fasciola hepatica
Authors: Abrous M. , Rondelaud D. , Dreyfuss G. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSingle-miracidium infections of Lymnaea truncatula with Paramphistomum daubneyi or with Fasciola hepatica were carried out under laboratory conditions to count free rediae, their germinal embryos, and to determine the cercarial productivity of each redial generation. In snails infected by P. daubneyi, the cercariae were produced by the first (8.7 cercariae per redia) and second (8.9 per redia) generations. At day 63 post-exposure, they corresponded, respectively, to 53.9% and 46.1% of cercariae produced by all rediae. In snails infected by F. hepatica, the majority of cercariae were produced by the R2a group (18.2 cercariae per redia) and corresponded to 66.0% of cercariae produced all rediae. The cercariae produced by the other redial groups were more limited in number: 17.5 per redia in the R1b group (28.7%) and 2.0 per redia in the R2b/R3a group (5.3%). Cercarial productivity of P. daubneyi until day 63 post-exposure was more limited in number than that of F. hepatica: a total of 145 cercariae per snail versus 427 per snail.
Temporal variations in the infection of a population of Cerithidea cingulata by larval trematodes in Kuwait Bay
Authors: Al-Kandari W.Y. , Abdul-Salam J. , Meakins R. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe prosobranch gastropod Cerithidea cingulata (Gastropoda: Potamididae) in Kuwait Bay was examined for larval trematode infections over a 17-month period. A total of 2537 snails were examined and 1265 (49.9%) found to be infected with one or more species of trematodes. The component community in the snail comprised 12 species representing the families Cyathocotylidae (2), Echinostomatidae (2), Haplosplanchnidae (1), Heterophyidae (2), Microphallidae (1), Philophthalmidae (2), Plagiorchiidae (1) and Schistosomatidae (1). Cyathocotylid II (41.6%) was by far the most prevalent species followed by the microphallid (3.9%), the two species comprised 90% of the total trematode fauna. The prevalence of infection increased with shell size and was significantly higher in male (47%) than female (33%) snails. Multiple infections were observed in only 15 (1.2%) of the infected snails; cyathocotylid I and cyathocotylid II combination occurred 14 times and heterophyid I and the microphallid occurred once. Trematode species were more diverse and prevalent in winter, and cercarial shedding peaked in summer. Behaviour of the definitive host and snail population dynamics were probably the major contributors to the detected temporal pattern in the infections.
Intestinal helminths of spiny mice (Acomys cahirinus dimidiatus) from St Katherine's Protectorate in the Sinai, Egypt
Authors: Behnke J.M. , Barnard C.J. , Mason N. , Harris P.D. , Sherif N.E. , Zalat S. , Gilbert F.S. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSpiny mice,Acomys cahirinus dimidiatus, inhabiting the wadis close to St Katherine in the mountains of the Sinai peninsula, were trapped and their helminth parasites were studied. Sixty one mice provided faeces for analysis and 27 were killed and autopsied. Six species of helminths were recorded (the spirurid nematodes,Protospirura muricola(74.1%) andMastophorus muris(11.1%), the oxyuroid nematodes,Dentostomella kuntzi(59.3%),Aspiculuris africana(3.7%), andSyphacia minuta(3.7%) and the hymenolepidid cestodeRodentolepis negevi(18.5%)). The spirurids were the dominant species present, accounting for up to 0.87% of total host body weight. Analysis of worm weights and lengths suggested that transmission had been taking place in the months preceding our study. No sex difference in the prevalence or abundance of spirurids was detected. Significant differences were identified in the abundance of total nematode burdens and the mean helminth species richness between the three wadis which provided multiple captures of mice. There was also a marked effect of host age on both parameters. A highly significant positive correlation between spirurid egg counts and total worm biomass indicated that non-invasive techniques based on egg counts could be used to quantify worm burdens and when this technique was applied to a larger sample size (n= 61), a significant difference between sites but no host sex or age effects were detected for spirurid faecal egg counts. The data suggest that there are differences between helminth component communities infecting spiny mice in different neighbouring wadis, a hypothesis which will be explored further through our continuing studies in the Sinai.