bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PSYCHOSOCIAL CONSEQUENCES OF REJECTION AND STIGMA FEELINGS IN PSORIASIS PATIENTS
Authors: GINSBURG IONA H. , LINK BRUCE G. 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Background. Many studies as well as clinical experience indicate that patients often feel stigmatized by their psoriasis and may experience rejection due to their skin disease. Methods. In this study of connections between feelings about having psoriasis, rejection by others, and the impact on work experience, alcohol use, and psychiatric help‐seeking, 100 adults with moderate to severe psoriasis responded to a specially designed questionnaire. Multiple regression analysis is used to determine whether, and how, rejection experience and stigma feelings are associated with the three psychosocial outcomes after controlling for psoriasis severity. Results. Nineteen percent of the subjects experienced 50 episodes of gross rejection as a result of their psoriasis, most often from a gym, pool, hairdresser, or job. Rejection experience leads to feeling stigmatized, which is then associated with help seeking and, to some degree, with interference with work. Rejection can lead to feeling stigmatized and to increased alcohol consumption, but the data show that patients may drink without conscious awareness of their feelings. Conclusions. When patients experience psoriasis‐related rejection, they may feel stigmatized and suffer further adverse effects on their emotional and occupational life. It is urgent that ways of helping people deal with the impact of psoriasis, its stigmatizing potential, and the consequences of psoriasis‐induced rejection be emphasized.
STATISTICAL DEFINITION OF NAILFOLD CAPILLARY PATTERN IN PATIENTS WITH PSORIASIS
Authors: OHTSUKA TSUTOMU , YAMAKAGE AKIO , MIYACHI YOSHIKI 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Background. The microvasculature plays an important role in the pathogenesis of psoriatic skin lesions. Our purpose was to try to define a psoriatic pattern in the nailfold capillary, to clarify the relationship between nailfold capillary microscopic changes and nail involvement and to note the general clinical features of psoriasis. Methods. Image analysis of nailfold capillaries was performed in 62 patients with psoriasis. The capillary pattern was defined statistically comparing it with that of 51 healthy volunteers. We attempted to differentiate the psoriatic pattern from normal controls with “canonical discriminant analysis.” Results. Forty‐nine of 62 patients with psoriasis could be differentiated from normal controls by our definition of psoriatic pattern that was significantly correlated with periungual psoriatic plaque, nail pitting, onycholysis, and the extent of the involved area. Conclusions. Our data suggest that nailfold capillary changes reflect microvascular changes of psoriasis and that the nailfold capillary pattern is a useful tool in evaluating nail involvement and the severity of psoriasis.
INDUCTION OF PSORIASIFORM CHANGES IN GUINEA PIG SKIN BY PROPRANOLOL
Authors: WOLF RONNI , SHECHTER HADAR , BRENNER SARAH 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Background. The ability of β‐adrenergic blocking agents to induce psoriasis as an adverse effect prompted us to use such an agent to induce psoriasis in guinea pigs. Methods. Thirty female albino guinea pigs were divided into four groups. Group 1 received propranolol, 0.1 mg/day, dissolved in 2 mL of normal saline, orally by gavage for 30 days. Group 2 was given the same treatment, but in addition intradermal injections of propranolol with Freund's complete adjuvant, injected at weekly intervals. Group 3 (five animals) received 2 mL saline, and group 4 additional injections of adjuvant without propranolol. Groups 3 and 4 served as normal controls. Results. All animals of group 2 (which received propranolol orally and in addition intradermal injections of adjuvant) developed psoriasiform epidermal hyperplasia with acanthosis. Parakeratosis, papillomatosis, and formation of microabscesses, all characteristic signs of psoriasis, have not been seen in any of the skin samples of this group. Skin samples from group 1 animals receiving propranolol orally showed normal epidermis and dermis. They showed exactly the same histologic picture as the control groups 3 and 4. Conclusions. Beta‐blockers given orally for 30 days do not cause any significant skin changes in guinea pigs. When given with a weekly intradermal injection of Freund's complete adjuvant, they cause psoriasiform epidermal hyperplasia. Although the overall histologic appearance of the skin of group 2 resembled psoriasis, it lacked important histologic features characteristic of this disease. It seems, therefore, that the model, per se, does not fulfill the initial expectations as an experimental model for psoriasis; however, this model has potential in the study of adverse drug reactions. Perhaps by introducing modifications to the experimental protocol, we may succeed also in developing a better model for experimental psoriasis.
TINEA CAPITIS IN LAHORE, PAKISTAN
Authors: HUSSAIN I. , AMAN S. , HAROON T.S. , JAHANGIR M. , NAGI A.H. 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Background. The causative fungi of tinea capitis vary with geography and time. This study was planned to identify the etiologic agents and determine clinicoetiologic correlations of tinea capitis in Lahore, Pakistan. Methods. From clinically suspected cases of tinea capitis, skin scrapings and hair samples were taken and subjected to microscopy and culture. Results. Of 180 evaluable patients, 95% were children below 12 years of age with equal sex incidence. Noninflammatory lesions were seen in 62.2% of cases. Trichophyton violaceum was the most common etiologic agent responsible for 69.4% of infection, followed by T. tonsurans (16.7%), T. verrucosum (10%), Microsporum audouinii (2.2%), and T. mentagrophyte (1.7%). Conclusions. T. violaceum is the predominant pathogen causing tinea capitis in children and adults in this part of the world and gives rise to a varied clinical picture. Our findings agree with data from other parts of Pakistan and many countries abroad.
PROLIFERATIVE ACTINIC KERATOSIS
Authors: GOLDBERG LEONARD H. , JOSEPH AARON K. , TSCHEN JAIME A. 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Background. Solar/actìnic keratoses (AKS) are premalignant lesions, usually less than 1 cm in diameter, that appear on chronically sun‐damaged skin. Methods. We describe four patients with a form of AK that enlarged and recurred despite standard treatment. Histologic examination revealed a single and multilayered sheet of anaplastic cells along the undersurface of the epidermis extending down hair follicles and present over a large area. Results. Three of the patients developed either a squamous cell carcinoma (sec) or basal cell carcinoma (see) within the area encompassed by the AK. Conclusions. These cases represent an insidious, proliferative form of AK with an increased tendency to develop into skin cancer.
EXPRESSION OF CLASS II MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGENS BY KERATINOCYTES IN CUTANEOUS T CELL LYMPHOMA
Authors: WOOD GARY S. , MICHIE SARA A. , DURDEN FAITH , HOPPE RICHARD T. , WARNKE ROGER A. 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Background. Expression of various class II MHC antigens by lesional keratinocytes may play an important role in the pathophysiology of a wide variety of human dermatoses including cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL). Nevertheless, there is relatively little information available concerning the concurrent expression of HLA‐DR, ‐DP, and ‐DO class II MHC antigens in CTCL. Therefore, our aim in this study was to determine the prevalence, localization, extent, temporal sequence, and consistency of class II MHC antigen expression by lesional keratinocytes in CTCL. Methods. We used a semiquantitative immunohistologic analysis to analyze HLA‐DR, ‐DP, and ‐DO. expression by lesional keratinocytes in 66 skin biopsies obtained from 39 patients with CTCL. Results. Class II MHC antigen expression by keratinocytes was observed in 77% of cases. Expression was detected on the cytoplasmic membrane and within the cytoplasm. It varied among cases from focal to confluent. There was a hierarchy of antigen expression in terms of both extent and time course. HLA‐DR was expressed first and most extensively, followed by HLA‐DP and then HLA‐DQ. Comparative studies of multiple serial or concurrent active lesions from 13 cases indicated that the overall pattern and extent of antigen expression was relatively constant within individual patients. Conclusions. There was no apparent correlation between class II MHC antigen expression and the clinical stage of disease, the type of CTCL skin lesion, or the overall density of the lesional T cell infiltrate. The hierarchy of keratinocyte class II MHC antigen expression observed in this study paralleled that noted in earlier studies of cultured keratinocytes exposed to recombinant interferon‐γin vitro. This suggests that lesional cytokine levels may be the critical factor governing class II MHC antigen expression by lesional keratinocytes in CTCL.
CONTACT DERMATITIS DUE TO BUDESONIDE: REPORT OF FIVE CASES AND REVIEW OF THE JAPANESE LITERATURE
Authors: OKANO MASAKI 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Background. Contact allergy to corticosteroids has recently gained increased attention. Methods. Five cases of contact dermatitis due to budesonide, a nonhalogenated steroid, are described. The Japanese literature was reviewed for reports on this allergy, and the occurrence due to budesonide was compared with that of other dermocorticosteroids. Results. Budesonide use can cause contact dermatitis. Conclusions. Although budesonide may be beneficial because of its anti‐inflammatory effects, clinicians should be alert to its potential for causing contact dermatitis.
DISK DIFFUSION SUSCEPTIBILITY TESTING OF DERMATOPHYTES WITH ALLYLAMINES
Authors: VENUGOPAL PANKAJALAKSHMI V. , VENUGOPAL TARALAKSHMI V. 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Background. Allylamines are a newly developed group of drugs possessing a broad spectrum of activity against a wide range of fungi. With the advent of new antifungal drugs, susceptibility testing of fungi is receiving increased attention as important laboratory procedures for aiding in the selection of appropriate drug therapy. Methods. In vitro susceptibility testing of 43 clinical isolates of dermatophytes which included Microsporum sp., (18) Trichophyton sp., (23) and Epidermophyton floccosum (2) were carried out against the two allylamine derivatives, naftifine and terbinafine, by agar dilution and disk diffusion methods. Results. Terbinafine was found to be more active minimal inhibitory concentration (mic range ≤ 0.0001–0.1 μg/mL), inhibiting 50% (MIC 50) and 90% (MIC 90) of the isolates at 0.01 and 0.1 μg/mL, respectively. The MIC 50S and MIC 90S of naftifine were 0.1 μg/mL (MIC range 0.001–0.5 μg/mL). Both the drugs showed good correlation between the MIC and sizes of zones of inhibition around the disks. Regression analysis was used to measure the degree of correlation between the MIC values and matched averaged zones of inhibition; the correlation coefficients for both terbinafine and naftifine were −0.6841 (P < 0.001) and −0.5455 (P < 0.001), respectively. Conclusions. The allylamines, naftifine and terbinafine, could be used successfully for susceptibility testing of dermatophytes by the disk diffusion method. With proper standardization of the test conditions, in vitro susceptibility testing of filamentous fungi by disk diffusion would become a useful laboratory procedure in the near future for determining the best drug therapy.
EFFECTS OF SOFTFNFD AND UNSOFTFNED FABRICS ON INFANT SKIN
Authors: PIÉRARD GERALD E. , ARRESE JORGE E. , DOWLATI AFSHIN , DASKALEROS PANAGIOTIS A. , RODRIGUEZ CARLOS 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Background. The effects of softened and unsoftened fabrics on the skin of infants of 1–12 months of age were evaluated under real life conditions of skin contact with fabrics. Methods. During 4 weeks, 24 infants wore cotton fabrics washed with a granular detergent on one side of their lower back, and on the other side, cotton fabrics washed with the same detergent and softened with a liquid fabric softener. Skin effects were evaluated by visual grading for redness, dryness, and smoothness, by skin stripping and measuring of Chroma C* (squamometry), by measurements of elasticity and bioelastic ratio, and by instrumental measurements of skin parameters (pH, capacitance, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), and erythema by colorimetry). Results. No deleterious effects were observed in any infant. A decrease in squamometry (Chroma C*) and an increase in capacitance were detected in skin exposed to softened fabrics relative to unsoftened ones. Values of pH tended to be higher in the sites treated with softened versus unsoftened fabrics (pH 6.06 and 5.87, respectively, at end of study). All other parameters showed no significant differences in the two treatment groups. Conclusions. Neither softened nor unsoftened fabrics produced any adverse effects on the skin of infants after continuous wearing during 29 days. A slight beneficial effect on the infants' skin was observed with softened relative to unsoftened fabrics. Methods measuring the structure and function of the stratum corneum were more sensitive discriminators of the effects of fabrics on the skin than traditional methods of visual clinical evaluation.
TINEA CAPITIS IN NORTHWESTERN EUROPE 1963–1993: ETIOLOGIC AGENTS AND THEIR CHANGING PREVALENCE
Authors: KORSTANJE MARINUS J. , STAATS CAREL C.G. 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Background. Although tinea capitis is endemic in many countries, its prevalence in Northwestern Europe (Belgium and the Netherlands) has not been established. Materials and Methods. Scales, pus, and hair were examined from 435 cases of tinea capitis for etiologic agents and their relative percentages calculated for 5‐year periods between 1963 and 1992. Results. There was a change in organisms associated with tinea capitis in the Netherlands from Trichophyton schoenleinii to Trichophyton violaceum. Increased immigration from the Mediterranean is held partly responsible for the increased prevalence of T. violaceum infections. Infection with zoophilic dermatophytes, such as T. canis, has also become more frequent in the Netherlands. Conclusions. The zoophilic dermatophytes have supplanted the anthropophilic dermatophytes as the cause of tinea capitis in the Netherlands.
TICK BITES IN KOREA
Authors: CHO BAIK KEE , RANG HOON , BANG DONGSIK , KIM SOO NAM , HWANG SUN WOOK , SONG EUN SUP 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Background. Tick bites are dermatoses not commonly encountered in Korea. Recognizing their clinical signs as well as their histopathologic findings is important In making a diagnosis of tick‐related dermatoses. The incidence and causative species are different depending on the geographic areas. The histopathologic findings of tick bites are known to be a variable depending on the species of ticks involved and the duration of their bloodsucking. Methods. Five ticks were collected from five patients and three of them were identified as Ixodes (/.) nipponensis. Results. Histopathologic findings of panniculitis were prominent in four of five cases; septal panniculitis in two cases, and lobular panniculitis in the other cases. Conclusions. Ixodes nipponensis was the most common causative species of ticks responsible for tick bites in Korea, and tick bite panniculitis must be considered in the differential diagnosis of panniculitis which is mainly composed of neutrophils.
BIOLOGIC CHARACTERISTICS OF CULTURED HUMAN VITILIGO MELANOCYTES
Authors: IM SUNGBIN , HANN SEUNG KYUNG , KIM HYUNG IL , KIM NAM SOO , PARK YOON‐KEE 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Background. Vitiligo is a pigmentary disorder of unknown cause characterized by depigmented patches due to destruction of melanocytes. Recently, the inherent cellular defect theory has been discussed. To investigate the biologic characteristics of cultured melanocytes from normal and vitiligo subjects, this study had the purpose to examine the functional and ultrastructural characteristics of these melanocytes and to observe the morphologic and functional changes of melanocytes in response to ultraviolet B irradiation. Methods. Melanocytes were isolated and cultured from foreskin and arm skin of normal and vitiligo subjects. The DNA synthesis, tyrosinase activity assay, transmission and scanning electron microscopic examination, and the effects of ultraviolet B(uvB)‐irradiation on cultured melanocytes were studied. Results. Vitiligo melanocytes showed no significant differences in DNA synthesis and tyrosinase activity compared with normal melanocytes, but the vitiligo melanocytes contained dilated and/or circular rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) on transmission electron microscopic examination. Exposure of the cultured melanocytes to UVB resulted in increased protein synthesis and tyrosinase activity. Morphologic alterations and changes in DNA synthesis were also noted. Compared with normal melanocytes, the responses of vitiligo melanocyte to UVB showed no significant difference. Conclusions. Normal and vitiligo melanocytes showed similar biologic characteristics except in the changes of RERS in the vitiligo melanocytes. The ultrastructural aberrations in vitiligo subjects do not seem to be directly related to the biologic characteristics and the responses to UVB irradiation in vitiligo melanocytes.
PROGRESSIVE SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS ASSOCIATED WITH CUTANEOUS AMYLOIDOSIS
Authors: CHANOKI MIYAKO , SUZUKI SHINSUKE , HAYASHI YOICHIRO , ISHII MASAMITSU , HAMADA TOSHIO 
Published: May 2007

A 43‐year‐old woman presented with a 3‐year history of Raynaud's phenomenon and a six‐month history of numbness in both arms. Sclerosis was noted on the entire body surface. The skin of the face was smooth and the lips were constricted (Fig. 1). The fingers and hands were atrophic and sclerotic, and full extension of the fingers and metacarpal joints was impossible (Fig. 2). There was pigmentation on the dorsal aspect of the hands. From the nape to the upper back, pruritic wavy, rippled or reticular pigmented macules in addition to sclerosis were noted (Fig. 3). Other parts of her skin did not show such a wavy pigmentation. Physical examination revealed no specific findings in the lung, heart, and abdomen. Neurologic examination was unremarkable. Motor function including muscle tonus was normal.Laboratory studies disclosed that the complete blood count and tests of hepatic and renal function were within normal limits. Antinuclear antibody was I:80 and showed a speckled pattern, antitopoisomerase 1 antibody, anticen‐tromere antibody, anti‐Sm antibody and anti‐RNP antibody were all negative, and the CH50 was 31.5 units/ml; C3 was 59.4 mg/dL; and C4, 17 mg/dL. Radiologically the chest and esophagus were normal.Pulmonary function and electro‐cardiogram were also normal. Histologic examination of a skin biopsy obtained from the upper back revealed that the collagen bundles throughout the dermis were thickened, homogenous, and closely packed. In the upper dermis, a small number of inflammatory cells around blood vessels was observed. Eosinophilic homogeneous masses were seen in the papillary dermis and upper dermis (Fig. 4). These homogeneous masses were positive to Dylan' (Fig. 5), Congo red, and thioflavin T staining. Therefore, the diagnosis of cutaneous macular amyloidosis was made.
PHOTODAMAGE AND SKIN CANCER AMONG PARAQUAT WORKERS
Authors: JEE SHIOU‐HWA , KUO HSIEN‐WEN , SU W.P. DANIEL , CHANG CHUN‐HSIANG , SUN CHEE‐CHING , WANG JUNG‐DER 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Background. Some workers in paraquat manufacturing, exposed to bipyridines, have developed pigmentation and keratosis on sun‐exposed skin. This condition has been described as skin‐malignancy or premalignancy. This study was designed to clarify the pathologic features of these lesions and to explore the etiologic role played by bipyridine. Methods. Twenty‐three biopsy specimens, obtained from the affected skin of 10 workers, were scrutinized by a dermatopathologist. A total of 242 exposed workers from 28 paraquat factories were examined and interviewed during the period from 1983 to 1991. The severity of the characteristic skin lesions was graded from the lowest to the highest response to analyze the data by Mantel extension for a trend that focused on the heavy exposure to bipyridines as risk factor. Results. All pathology specimens showed various degrees of solar damage: early actinic change, solar lentigo, actinic keratosis (AK), AK coexisting with squamous cell carcinoma (sec), and sec. Six specimens from four workers were sec or sec in situ. Three of six sec showed the coexistence of AK. Of the workers, 133 had skin lesions ranging in severity from grade 1 to grade 3 on sun‐exposed areas. The severity of skin changes is strongly associated with heavy exposure to bipyridines (P < 0.0001). Conclusion. This pathologic study proves that all the lesions showed either photodamage or skin cancer. The strong trend in the correlation between severity of photo‐damage and exposure to bipyridine leads to the speculation about the synergistic role of bipyridine exposure and the solar effect in causing these malignant and premalignant skin lesions.
PROTECTION AGAINST CYTOSINE ARABINOSIDE‐INDUCED ALOPECIA BY MINOXIDIL IN A RAT ANIMAL MODEL
Authors: HUSSEIN ATIF M. 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Background. Alopecia is one of the most physically and psychologically distressing side effect of cancer chemotherapeutic agents. In the past 2 years, we reported that: (a) treatment of 8‐day‐old rats with 1‐B‐D‐arabinofuranosylcy‐tosine (Ara‐C), doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide (cyc) consistently produced alopecia; (b) Imuvert, a biological response modifier, produced complete protection against alopecia induced by Ara‐C and doxorubicin, but not that produced by cyc, most probably through the release of in‐terleukin‐1; and (c) n‐acetylcysteine protected against cyc‐induced alopecia in the newborn rat. Methods. As an extension to these observations, we chose to test the efficacy of minoxidil, a drug known to be a hypertrichotic agent, in preventing chemotherapy‐induced alopecia in the newborn rat animal model. Results. Minoxidil, when injected locally, offered good local prevention against Ara‐C but not CYC‐induced alopecia. Minoxidil 2% dissolved in a vehicle of ethanol, propylene glycol, and water was not effective when applied topically. Conclusions. The mechanism of action of minoxidil in its prevention against Ara‐C‐induced alopecia is currently unknown. This observation may shed some light on the in vivo mechanism of action of minoxidil and may prove to be important in our efforts to search for agents to prevent alopecia among patients receiving chemotherapy.