bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma complicating acute lymphoblastic leukemia in remission
Authors: Friedman Eitan , Ben‐Bassat Isaac , Kende George , Behar Albert J. , Ramot Bracha 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSecond malignancies occurring in patients cured of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are rare but increasingly recognized. There are only three reported cases of non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma complicating ALL in remission. We report here another case of B‐cell‐type large‐cell lymphoma, presenting in the uterus of a 24‐year‐old woman, 16.5 years after the diagnosis of ALL was made. Although immune markers of the ALL were not available, it was thought to be unlikely that the second malignancy was a relapse of the original tumor. Due to the long latency period and the minimal exposure to alkylating agents, the role of chemotherapy seems to be insignificant in this case. The development of a second malignancy could be a manifestation of the basic susceptibility to cancer.
Prospective study of childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia: Hematologic, immunologic, and cytogenetic correlations
Authors: Michael P. M. , Carson O. M. , Ekert H. , Tauro G. , Rennie G. C. , Pilkington G. R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe studied the karyotype in 81 consecutively diagnosed children with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) treated at one institution on a randomized treatment protocol. In 75 patients (93%), a morphological cytogenetic result was obtained, and 57 (65%) were successfully G‐banded. Of the 75 patients, 46 (61%) showed abnormal chromosomes, mainly hyperdiploidy and pseudodiploidy, and 29 had no detectable abnormality. Our findings confirmed that the karyotype has prognostic significance. Duration of complete remission was 93% at 42 months for patients with high hyperdiploidy (>50). For patients with an apparently normal karyotype, it was 58%; and for patients with structural abnormalities it was 15%. The significance of these findings was confirmed by multivariate analysis, which showed age and karyotype to be the most important determinants of duration of remission.
Efficacy of mesna in preventing further cyclophosphamide‐lnduced hemorrhagic cystitis
Authors: Luce James K. , Simons Jarid A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMesna is a sulfhydryl compound that reacts with the metabolites of cyclophosphamide that are excreted in the urine and may produce bladder wall irritation. Mesna is converted in the blood to a biochemically inactive compound that is reduced back to mesna in the kidneys. In this way it has the potential to protect the bladder mucosa without interfering with the antineoplastic effect of cyclophosphamide. Twenty‐two patients who had developed hemorrhagic cystitis from cyclophosphamide were treated again with cyclophosphamide and mesna prophylaxis. A total of 68 cycles of cyclophosphamide were given with mesna, with a median of three cycles per patient. A recurrence of cystitis was prevented in all but one patient. Thus, mesna is effective in preventing recurrent cystitis in patients receiving further cyclophosphamide.
Phase II trial of etoposide and cisplatin for refractory small cell lung cancer: A cancer and leukemia group B study
Authors: Graziano Stephen L. , Lee Kewchang , Propert Kathleen J. , Tinsley Roger , Hayes Daniel M. , Green Mark , Comis Robert L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA phase II trial of etoposide and cisplatin for patients with previously treated small cell lung cancer was carried out by CALGB from June 1983 to May 1984. Thirty‐five evaluable patients who had failed one prior chemotherapy regimen were treated with etoposide 80 mg/m2 and cisplatin 20 mg/m2 days 1–5 every 3 weeks. Objective responses were seen in 7 patients (20%) with 1 complete response and 6 partial responses. The median duration of response was 5.1 months. Fifteen patients (43%) had stable disease. Overall survival was 49% at 6 months and 14% at 1 year. The median survival was 6 months. Toxicity was mainly hematologic with severe and life‐threatening leukopenia and thrombocytopenia seen in 71% and 66% of patients, respectively. Two treatment‐related deaths caused by infection were seen. This cooperative group study fails to confirm the high response rates previously reported in institutional pilot studies.
Treatment of an aggressive non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma during pregnancy with MACOP‐B chemotherapy
Authors: Nantel Stephen , Parboosingh John , Poon Man‐Chiu 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNon‐Hodgkin's lymphoma occurring during pregnancy is a rare event. A young woman at 18 weeks gestation with twins presented with a B‐cell immunoblastic lymphoma. Combination chemotherapy with methotrexate, DO xorubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, prednisone, and bleomycin (MACOP‐B) was instituted after limited staging. There was excellent response and the 12 weekly chemotherapy protocol was completed in 13 weeks. Twin male infants were born at 28 weeks gestation by cesarean section for premature labor. There was no evidence of any congenital malformations or hematologic suppressions. We believe this to be the first report of aggressive weekly chemotherapy during pregnancy; this approach to treatment in aggressive non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma is both efficacious and safe.
Bone marrow relapse occurring as first relapse in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Behrendt Henk , Van Leeuwen Eleonore F. , Schuwirth Cas , Verkes Robert J. , Hermans Jo , Van Der Does‐Van Den Berg Anna , Van Wering Elisabeth R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn a retrospective review which covered the whole Dutch childhood population of approximately 3 million children we studied the prognosis in 164 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) who were initially treated between 1973 and 1983, and who had an isolated bone marrow relapse occurring as first relapse.Until their first relapse, the patients were initially treated according to standard protocols, while treatment for relapse was heterogeneous, and not intensive. Second complete remission (CR) was attained by 78% of the patients. The median duration of second CR was 9 months, the median survival 13 months. Multivariate analysis showed that the duration of the first CR was the most significant variable with regard to prognosis. None of the patients who developed their bone marrow relapse during initial treatment, i.e., within 24 months from diagnosis, survived. Among the 73 patients who relapsed after cessation of the initial treatment there were 19 long‐term disease‐free survivors, 14 of whom had not developed subsequent relapses after 48+‐125+ months.From this study we conclude that treatment in children with first bone marrow relapse has to be intensified.
Comparative study on the pharmacokinetics of 7‐hydroxy‐methotrexate after administration of methotrexate in the dose range of 0.5‐33.6 g/m2 to children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Borsi Joseph D. , Sagen Erling , Romslo Inge , Moe Peter J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractConcentrations of 7‐hydroxy‐methotrexate (7‐OH‐MTX) were determined in serum samples obtained after 266 infusions of methotrexate administered to 58 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The dose of methotrexate (MTX) was in the range of 0.5‐33.6 g/m2. Pharmacokinetic parameters (metabolic index, drug/metabolite ratio, half‐life) of 7‐OH‐MTX and their relationship to the kinetics of methotrexate were analyzed. A great variability was observed in the extent and time‐course of the metabolite formation. The concentration of the metabolite was higher than that of the parent compound at any examined time after the end of the 24 hours' infusion. The increase of 7‐OH‐MTX levels at the end of the methotrexate infusion was found to be proportionate to the increase of the dose of MTX. Males had significantly higher metabolite levels than did females (P<0.01) in the dose range of 0.5‐8.0 g/m2. The age of the patients also significantly influenced the rate of the metabolite formation. The serial number of the treatment courses did not have effect on the metabolism of MTX. Dose dependency of the elimination half‐life of the metabolite was found. Although a tendency was observed that patients in continuous complete remission had higher metabolite levels than those who relapsed, the difference was not significant. Further studies are needed to determine the clinical importance of 7‐OH‐MT.
Renal dysfunction and hyperuricemia at presentation and relapse of acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Jones Deborah P. , Stapleton F. Bruder , Kalwinsky David , McKay Charles P. , Kellie Stewart J. , Pui Ching‐Hon 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHyperuricemia is an unusual presenting feature of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and is generally associated with a large leukemic cell burden. We describe three children with T‐cell ALL who presented with acute renal failure and very high serum uric acid concentrations, despite a relatively small leukemic cell burden. Two of the three patients had normal complete blood counts without circulating blasts or other physical evidence of leukemia. An isolated renal relapse in one case was associated with hyperuricemia, increased renal excretion of uric acid, and renal dysfunction. An unusually high rate of purine catabolism of the lymphoblasts may cause hyperuricemia in these cases. Unexplained hyperuricemia should prompt a search for occult malignancy.
Poor prognosis infantile fibrosarcoma with pathologic features of malignant fibrous histiocytoma after local recurrence
Authors: Salloum Emile , Caillaud Jean M. , Flamant Françoise , Landman Judith , Lemerle Jean 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn a retrospective study of infants under 1 year of age treated at our institution over a 30‐year period for soft tissue tumors, eight fibrosarcomas (FS) were seen, six of which were congenital. Therapy consisted of local excision (n = 3), radiotherapy (n = 1), surgery + radiotherapy (n = 1), surgery + chemotherapy (n = 1), and surgery + chemotherapy + radiotherapy (n = 2). Among these eight patients, four are alive in first complete remission (CR) with 13, 17, 23, and 27 years of follow‐up. Of the remaining four patients, two had local recurrences and are still alive in CR after re‐excision of the tumor, while the other two had both local and distant relapses and died. Interestingly, in the two patients who developed distant metastases, the pathologic pattern was that of malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) at the time of local recurrence. To our knowledge, no similar cases of transitions between infantile FS known for its favorable outcome and MFH have been reported in this age group. The relevance of such transitions is difficult to assess. However, given the known metastatic potential of MFH, we believe that chemotherapy regimens currently used in the management of childhood soft tissue sarcomas should be used in similar cases.
Phase I study of a 120‐hour continuous intravenous infusion of 5‐fluorouracil in pediatric patients with recurrent solid tumors: A pediatric oncology group study
Authors: Green Daniel M. , Krischer Jeffrey P. , Bell Beverly , Brecher Martin L. , Cushing Barbara , Whitehead V. Michael 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTo determine the maximum tolerated dose of 5‐fluorouracil administered as a 120‐hour continuous intravenous infusion to pediatric patients, we performed a phase I study using a starting dosage of 900 mg/m2/day. The maximum tolerated dosage (MTD) was 1,100 mg/m2/day. At this dosage level 40% of courses were complicated by grade 3 mucositis. Three additional patients were treated at the dosage level of 1,000 mg/m2/day after the MTD was determined. We recommend the dosage level of 1,000 mg/m2/day for phase II studies of 5‐fluorouracil administered as a 120‐hour continuous intravenous infusion to pediatric patients.
Vascular events in patients receiving high‐dose infusional 5‐fluorouracil‐based chemotherapy: The University of Chicago experience
Authors: Gradishar W. , Vokes E. , Schilsky R. , Weichselbaum R. , Panje W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn a retrospective review, 22 of a total of 244 patients (9%) patients with head and neck or gastrointestinal cancer who were treated with infusional 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU)‐based chemotherapy regimens experienced thrombotic vascular events. These events occurred concurrently with treatment or several months following the completion of therapy and consisted mainly of cardiac arrhythmias, myocardial infarction, sudden death, and thromboembolism. The temporal relationship of these vascular events to the time of treatment suggests that infusional 5‐FU may have been the underlying cause.
Renal cell carcinoma in children: Histology, immunohistochemistry, and follow‐up of 10 cases
Authors: Leuschner Ivo , Harms Dieter , Schmidt Dietmar 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTen renal cell carcinomas in children under 15 years were investigated. The average age was 122.5 months and the girls predominated in our cases (7 girls, 3 boys). By using the classification of Thoenes et al., Pathol Res Pract 181:125–143, 1986 [18] a predominance of clear cell‐eosinophilic tumor cell type and of the tubulopapillary growth pattern was found. Immunohistochemistry revealed a heterogeneity of cytokeratin expression. By using the monoclonal antibodies Cam 5.2 and KL 1, cytokeratins were found in 7 cases each. The other 4 cytokeratin antibodies used were less sensitive. The expression of cytokeratin 13 in 3 cases suggested a more complex histogenesis than assumed. Vimentin was found in 3 tumors, but an association to a higher grade (G) of malignancy was not found in these cases. One tumor expressed the Tamm‐Horsfall‐protein, which is predominantly found in the distal tubule of the normal kidney. In summary the results of immunohistochemistry characterized the great heterogeneity of these tumors.Follow‐up information was available in 9 cases. All patients with G I‐ and G II‐ tumors were free of disease after an average time of 39.6 months (mean 27 months). Two of the 3 cases with G III‐tumors died after 9 and 15 months, despite additional chemo‐ or radiotherapy. Therefore tumors of grade I and II of the Thoenes classification [18] seem to have a good prognosis.
Results of a changing treatment philosophy for children with stage I Hodgkin's disease: A 35‐year experience
Authors: Garden Adam S. , Woo Shiao Y. , Fuller Lillian M. , Sullivan Margaret P. , Ramirez Irma 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOver the last four decades, significant changes have occurred in the management of childhood stage I Hodgkin's disease. Between 1949 and 1984, 50 children, ages 4 to 16 years, were treated for stage I Hodgkin's disease at The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center. Nineteen children had clinically staged (CS) disease. Thirty‐one patients were pathologically staged (PS). Thirty‐four children were treated with radiotherapy only, 12 were treated with both radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and 3 patients were treated with combination chemotherapy alone. All patients were followed from 32 to 311 months (median 170 months). Five‐, 10‐, and 15‐year actuarial survival rates for all patients were 94, 89, and 84%, respectively. The corresponding freedom from relapse (FFR) rates were 76, 69, and 69% respectively. The 10‐year actuarial survival and FFR rates for CS patients were 79 and 42%. The corresponding rates for PS patients were 97 and 86%. In patients with PSI disease, actuarial 10‐year FFR rates of 100% were obtained either with regional radiotherapy alone or with combination chemotherapy and involved field radiotherapy. The following delayed adverse effects of treatment were observed: growth abnormalities in 17, aspermia in 3, thyroid abnormalities in 11 (two carcinomas), and second malignancies beyond the radiotherapy fields in 2. We conclude with a recommendation of combined chemotherapy and involved field radiation for children who have not fulfilled their growth potential, to achieve high cure rates, while minimizing morbidity.
Nonmetastatic thoracic neuroblastomas: A review of 40 cases
Authors: Rubie Hervé , Hartmann Olivier , Giron Alain , Lemoine Georges , Gruner Max , Brugieres Laurence , Valteau‐Couanet Dominique , Robert Alain , Lemerle Jean 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFrom 1982 to 1987, 40 children with nonmetastatic thoracic neuroblastoma were treated with the same therapeutic regimen. According to TNM staging, there were 11 CS I,19 CS II, and 10 CS III. All patients underwent surgery; 30 had primary surgical excision; in 10 whose tumors were deemed unresectable, surgery was delayed until after a trial of chemotherapy. Operation was completed by several courses of chemotherapy in case of microscopic residual disease or regional lymph node involvement; radiotherapy was delivered in case of gross residual disease. Using this therapeutic approach, EFS is 92% with a median follow‐up of 40 months. Severe complications were rare and sequellae appear to be related to the disease, i.e., neurologic consequences of cord compression.
Continuous‐infusion 5‐fluorouracil combined with doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide: Feasibility study
Authors: Saphner Thomas , Tormey Douglass C. , Carey Patrick 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPrevious studies have demonstrated continuous‐infusion 5‐fluorouracil (Cl 5‐FU) to be an active single‐agent treatment for breast cancer without significant myelotoxicity. These qualities made Cl 5‐FU an attractive agent for combination with other effective but myelosuppressive agents. In this study we attempted to determine the maximal doses of Cl 5‐FU that could be added to a combination of agents known to be dose limited by myelotoxicity, doxorubicin 50 mg/m2 day 2 and cyclophosphamide 150 mg/m2 days 3–12 of a 28‐day cycle. Patients who received doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide alone developed significant myelotoxicity but did not develop stomatitis. The addition of 5–7 days of Cl 5‐FU at 200–300 mg/m2 was associated more closely with increased stomatitis (P = .11) than with increased granulocytopenia (P = .57). The stomatitis observed for low doses of Cl 5‐FU given with doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide would not have been expected for these low doses of Cl 5‐FU given as a single agent. We conclude that the addition of Cl 5‐FU to myelotoxic doses of doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide is not a promising therapeutic strategy for significantly increasing the effectiveness of this combination of agents. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Serum biological markers and paraneoplastic syndromes in Wilms tumor
Authors: Coppes Max J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractVarious tumors secrete tumor‐specific substances capable of producing signs and symptoms in host organs not caused by direct tumor invasion or organ destruction. These symptoms are collectively referred to as “remote effects” or “paraneplastic syndromes” of malignancy. Paraneoplastic syndromes are uncommon in childhood cancer. In Wilms tumor several distinct paraneoplastic syndromes have been reported: hypertension, erythrocytosis, hypercalcemia, Cushing syndrome, and acquired Von Willebrand disease. In addition some tumor‐specific substances are known to be elevated in patients with a malignancy without causing specific symptoms. These so called “tumor markers” can be used to detect early recurrence in previously treated patients, or in the evaluation of patients undergoing adjuvant therapy. Five of particular interest are erythropoietin, neuron‐specific enolase (NSE), hyaluronic acid (HA), hyaluronic acid‐stimulating activity (HSA), and hyaluronidase. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Prognostic significance of myeloid‐associated antigen expression on blast cells in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Fink Franz‐Martin , Köller Ursula , Mayer Hannes , Haas Oskar A. , Grümayer‐Panzer E. Renate , Urban Christian , Dengg Kathrin , Mutz Ingomar , Tüchler Heinz , Gatterer‐Menz Irmgard , Knapp Walter , Gadner Helmut 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe prognostic significance of expression of myeloid‐associated antigens in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (myA + ALL) was evaluated. From 1984 to 1990, 251 children with immunologically verified ALL were treated in two prospective consecutive Austrian studies. Complete immunopheno‐typing was performed in 206 cases (82%). Out of these 175 cases were classified as B‐cell precursor ALL, 31 cases as T‐ALL. Expression of myeloid‐associated antigens was demonstrated in 23 cases (13.1%) of childhood B‐cell precursor ALL, particularly in immature (CD10 negative) forms (P< .0001), and in 1 case (3.2%) of T‐ALL. CDw65 was expressed most frequently (12 cases), followed by CD13 and CD15 (5 cases each), CD33 (4 cases), and blood‐group H (3 cases). Compared to myA‐ ALL prognosis of children with myA+ B‐cell precursor ALL was poor, despite intensive multiagent chemotherapy according to BFM protocols. Remission rates were not impaired, but pEFS was 74.6% for myA‐ ALL, and only 37.8% for myA+ ALL (P= .0001). As demonstrated by multivariate analysis the expression of myeloid‐associated antigens was the most important prognostic variable for EFS in B‐cell precursor ALL, whether or not CD10 was expressed. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Low dose continuous infusion doxorubicin in children and young adults
Authors: Kynaston J. Anne , Pearson Andrew D. J. , Kernahan Jennifer , Lucraft Helen , Barstow Diane , Thompson Anne , Craft Alan W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTen patients (age range 3.2–26.3 yrs) with relapsed or resistant malignancies received a total of 20 courses of low dose continuous infusion doxorubicin (3 mg/m2/day for 28 days) delivered by portable Graseby infusion pumps via central venous catheters. Each patient received a median dose of 144 mg/m2 (range 87–261). Four patients responded to treatment (1 complete response (CR) and 3 partial response (PR)) and performance status improved in seven patients. Overall toxicity was minimal: WHO Grade 4 anaemia in 2/18 courses, Grade 4 neutropenia in 1/18, Grade 3–4 thrombocytopenia in 3/18, nausea and vomiting of Grades 2 and 4 in 4/20 and 1/20 respectively, and mucositis of Grades 2 and 4 in 2/20 courses each. Cardiac toxicity was assessed using echocardi‐ography, and fractional shortening remained within normal limits in all patients. Low dose continuous infusion doxorubicin is a feasible, well tolerated, ambulatory therapy in children and may be an effective way of delivering doxorubicin with less toxicity, thus enabling the development of more dose intensive regimens. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Nutritional status of children with leukemia
Authors: Yu Lolie C. , Kuvibidila Solo , Ducos Rafael , Warrier R. P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractChildren with cancer represent a high‐risk group for protein‐energy malnutrition due to side effects associated with treatment. Assessment of nutritional status at the time of diagnosis and during treatment is, therefore, essential for planning nutritional intervention. We studied the nutritional status of 25 children with leukemia [9 newly diagnosed/relapsed (D/R) leukemic patients and 16 children with leukemia in remission (REM)], Plasma proteins (prealbumin, PA; albumin, Alb; transferrin, Tr; retinol‐binding protein, RBP) and acute phase‐reactant proteins (α1‐acid glycoprotein, AGP; C‐reactive protein, CRP; ceruloplasmin, CER) were measured by radial immunodiffusion. Results show that there were no significant deficits in anthropometric measurements among leukemic children. In contrast, the mean levels of all plasma proteins, especially PA (P < 0.005), were significantly lower in the D/R group than in the REM group. All D/R children, compared to 59% of those in remission, had PA levels < 20 mg/dl. Only the D/R group had abnormal levels of RBP, Tr, and Alb. Children who were treated with prednisone had significantly higher mean levels of PA, RBP, and AGP than those who were not receiving prednisone. The mean levels of acute phase‐reactant proteins in these leukemic children were comparable to those of healthy children. We conclude that mild/moderate malnutrition is common in leukemic patients at D/R and that PA seems to be the most sensitive indicator of visceral protein Status. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.