bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment of refractory rheumatoid arthritis with a monoclonal antibody to intercellular adhesion molecule 1
Authors: Kavanaugh Arthur F. , Davis Laurie S. , Nichols Lisa A. , Norris Stephen H. , Rothlein Robert , Scharschmidt Linda A. , Lipsky Peter E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjective. To assess the safety and efficacy of a monoclonal antibody (MAb) to intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM‐1; CD54) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods. A phase I/II, open‐label, dose‐escalation study of 32 patients.Results. During treatment, a peripheral CD3+/CD4+ lymphocytosis was noted, and several patients demonstrated transient cutaneous anergy, which suggests that therapy modified T cell recirculation. Thirteen of the 23 patients who received 5 days of treatment demonstrated clinical improvement through day 29, and 9 of 23 through day 60. Adverse effects were minor and transient.Conclusion. Anti—ICAM‐1 MAb therapy was well tolerated, resulted in a transient alteration in T lymphocyte recirculation, and effected clinical improvement in some RA patients.
The economic impact of treatment of severe lupus nephritis with prednisone and intravenous cyclophosphamide
Authors: Mcinnes Pamela M. , Schuttinga James , Sanslone William R. , Stark Susan P. , Klippel John H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjective. It has been reported that outcomes are improved in patients with severe lupus nephritis treated with combined prednisone and intravenous cyclophosphamide, compared with those treated with prednisone alone. These findings motivated this analysis of the economic impact of the combined therapy.Methods. The annual expected incidence of severe lupus nephritis in the year 1988 in the US was estimated to be 1, 130. A hypothetical patient cohort of this size was used as the model for the present analysis; the costs of treatment with prednisone alone and with combined prednisone and intravenous cyclophosphamide were calculated and compared. The analysis took into account the expected rate of renal failure with each therapeutic approach, as well as age, sex, and the economic value of working years gained.Results. Although the treatment costs are higher for the combination therapy, the analysis revealed overall savings due to a reduced need for kidney dialysis or transplantation, and the economic value of working capacity gained. Savings attributable to patient care costs were $50.8 million; those attributable to working capacity gained were $42.3 million.Conclusion. This analysis indicates that over a 10‐year period, as much as $93.1 million per annual cohort is saved by the use of combination therapy for the treatment of severe lupus nephritis.
Giant cell arteritis in Iceland.
Authors: Baldursson Ólafur , Steinsson Kristján , Björnsson Jóhannes , Lie J. T. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjective. To investigate the incidence and clinical and histopathologic features of giant cell (temporal) arteritis (GCA) in the Caucasian population of Iceland.Methods. AH patients diagnosed between 1984 and 1990 were included. Case ascertainment for the study was done in 2 ways: 1) a computerized search from all hospitals and primary care clinics for the diagnosis of GCA, and 2) a review of all temporal artery biopsies performed during the 7‐year period.Results. One hundred thirty‐three patients with GCA were identified. All fulfilled the 1990 American College of Rheumatology criteria for the classification of GCA. The incidence rate for the population 50 years and older was 27/100,000 (36/100,000 and 18/100,000 for women and men, respectively). Clinical findings included the following: mean age at diagnosis 72.5 years for women and 70.3 years for men, new headache 63.2%, abnormal temporal artery on palpation 43.6%, mean erythrocyte sedimentation rate 88 mm/hour, symptoms of polymyalgia rheumatica 48.1%, and visual disturbances 14.3%. A total of 744 patients underwent temporal artery biopsy during the 7‐year period; 16.8% had a positive biopsy result. All 133 patients with the diagnosis of GCA underwent a temporal artery biopsy; 94% had a positive result. Histopathologic findings from the positive biopsies included a fragmented internal elastic lamina in 99.2%, giant cells in 65.6%, and fibrinoid necrosis in 12%.Conclusion. Compared with previous epidemiologic surveys, this study shows a high incidence of biopsy‐proven GCA in Iceland.
Tenascin distribution in articular cartilage from normal subjects and from patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Chevalier Xavier , Groult Nicole , Larget‐Piet Bruno , Zardi Luciano , Hornebeck William 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjective. To determine whether tenascin is present in normal and diseased human cartilage.Methods. Immunohistochemical and biochemical assays with a monoclonal antibody against all tenascin isoforms (BC‐4) were used.Results. Cartilage samples from osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis patients contained increased amounts of tenascin compared with the levels in normal cartilage. Human fetal cartilage was also found to contain tenascin. In normal cartilage explants treated with interleukin‐1β, tenascin was present in pericellular areas of all layers. Immunolocalization studies revealed that tenascin was most abundant in the superficial layers of osteoarthritic cartilage. Western blot analysis performed from dissociative extracts of diseased cartilage confirmed the presence of subunits of the native molecule.Conclusion. Tenascin is increased in arthritic cartilage and is weakly expressed in normal cartilage.
Local anti—type ii collagen antibody production in rheumatoid arthritis synovial fluid
Authors: Rönnelid Johan , Lysholm Jörgen , Engström‐Laurent Anna , Klareskog Lars , Heyman Birgitta 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjective. To investigate the production of type II collagen (CII) antibodies in the synovial fluid (SF) of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, and to examine the HLA dependence of this local production.Methods. The ELISPOT method was used for enumerating anti‐CII—reactive cells. Serologic tissue typing was performed.Results. Anti‐CII—reactive cells were found in the SF of 16 of 31 patients, but not in any of the peripheral blood samples obtained in parallel. SF anti‐CII antibody production showed no correlation with clinical parameters, but its frequency increased significantly with age. The IgG anti‐CII response occurred exclusively in patients who were positive for HLA—DR4 and was significantly associated with DR4.Conclusion. Anti‐CII production may be important in local immune complex formation. The indirect demonstration of a DR4‐restricted T cell response to CII is an indication of a pathogenetic role of collagen autoimmunity in RA.
N‐Monomethyl arginine, an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, suppresses the development of adjuvant arthritis in rats
Authors: Stefanovic‐Racic M. , Meyers K. , Meschter C. , Coffey J. W. , Hoffman R. A. , Evans C. H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjective. To test the hypothesis that nitric oxide (NO) is involved in the pathophysiology of arthritis.Methods. Arthritis was induced in male Lewis rats by the injection of adjuvant into the base of the tail. The NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor, NG‐monomethyl‐L‐arginine (L‐NMA), was administered daily by the oral route for 19 days. Paw swelling, plasma fibrinogen levels, and urinary NO2/NO3 levels were measured to assess the effect of L‐NMA on the arthritic response and whole‐body NO production, respectively. On day 20, the ankle joints were processed for histopathologic evaluation.Results. The onset of clinical symptoms was preceded by elevated biosynthesis of NO. In a dose‐dependent manner, L‐NMA inhibited both NO biosynthesis and paw swelling; histopathologic changes in the ankle joints were also prevented. D‐NMA had no effect on the development of arthritis, while L‐arginine reversed the effects of L‐NMA. Fibrinogen levels in rats with arthritis were unaffected by L‐NMA.Conclusion. NO is critical to the development of both the inflammatory and erosive components of adjuvant arthritis in rats. There may be a future clinical role for suitable inhibitors of NO production or activity.
Induction of experimental allergic arthritis with outer surface proteins of borrelia burgdorferi
Authors: Gondolf Klaus B. , Mihatsch Michael , Curschellas Enrico , Dunn John J. , Batsford Steven R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjective. The arthritogenic potential of the cationic outer surface proteins (Osp) from Borrelia burgdorferi was tested in rats.Methods. Water‐soluble Osps were prepared by butanol extraction and were administered by intraarticular injection. Tissue injury was assessed by scintigraphy and histology.Results. A mild arthritis was seen in naive rats. Preimmunized animals had more severe, longer lasting bouts of inflammation.Conclusion. The Osps of Borrelia burgdorferi are potent arthritogens in rats. These immunodominant antigens may play a role in the development of Lyme arthritis in humans.
Familial spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda, brachydactyly, and precocious osteoarthritis associated with an arginine 75 → cysteine mutation in the procollagen type ii gene in a kindred of chiloe islanders.
Authors: Reginato Antonio J. , Passano Gian M. , Neumann Guillermo , Falasca Gerald F. , Diaz‐Valdez Marcelo , Jimenez Sergio A. , Williams Charlene J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjective. To characterize a kindred of Chiloe Islanders with spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda (SEDT), brachydactyly, precocious osteoarthritis (OA), and intraarticular calcification.Methods. Sixteen family members underwent a complete physical examination, anthropometric measurements, radiographic studies of the spine and peripheral joints, and analysis of the type II procollagen gene (COL2A1).Results. Seven family members presented with SEDT, brachydactyly, precocious OA, and periarticular calcification while 2 others had the same syndrome but without brachydactyly. The inheritance was autosomal dominant, and the disease cosegregated with a base substitution in the COL2A1 gene.Conclusion. The syndrome of SEDT, precocious OA, and brachydactyly in a kindred of Chiloe Islanders is associated with a point mutation in 1 allele of the COL2A1 gene. The relationship of this type of SEDT to familial calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition disease and idiopathic hip dysplasia, both endemic in Chiloe Islanders, needs to be further investigated.
Coumarin‐induced skin necrosis associated with acquired protein s deficiency and antiphospholipid antibody syndrome
Authors: Wattiaux Marie‐José , Hervé Robert , Robert Annie , Cabane Jean , Housset Bruno , Imbert Jean‐Claude 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe report a case of skin necrosis occurring during coumarin treatment in a patient with acquired protein S deficiency and the primary antiphospholipid antibody syndrome.
Effects of glucocorticoids in rheumatoid arthritis. Diminished glucocorticoid receptors do not result in glucocorticoid resistance
Authors: Schlaghecke Reiner , Beuscher Ditmar , Kornely Elisabeth , Specker Christof 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjective. Lymphocytes of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have diminished receptor density; thus, patients with RA should show partial resistance to glucocorticoids. We investigated the glucocorticoid sensitivity of lymphocytes in RA patients compared with healthy subjects.Methods. We determined the effects of glucocorticoids on lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine release.Results. Proliferation and cytokine release were inhibited in RA patients to the same extent as in healthy controls.Conclusion. Diminished receptor density in RA patients does not result in glucocorticoid resistance.
Abnormal hypothalamic—pituitary—adrenal axis function in rheumatoid arthritis. Effects of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs and water immersion
Authors: Hall Jane , Morand Eric F. , Medbak Sami , Zaman Molly , Perry Les , Goulding Nicolas J. , Maddison Peter J. , O'Hare J. Paul 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjective. To investigate the effects of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) therapy and water immersion on hypothalamic—pituitary—adrenal (HPA) axis function in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods. Plasma levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and serum and urine levels of cortisol were compared in untreated RA patients, NSAID‐treated RA patients, and healthy control subjects.Results. ACTH levels were significantly higher in untreated RA patients (mean ± SEM integrated area 11,377 ± 5,246 hours ng/liter) than in NSAID‐treated RA patients (2,285 ± 388 hours ng/liter) or healthy controls (1,845 ± 35.5 hours ng/liter) (P < 0.001). Serum and urine cortisol levels were not significantly different between groups. Two‐hour head‐out water immersion had no effect.Conclusion. Elevated ACTH levels without hypercortisolemia occur in untreated RA. NSAID therapy alters HPA axis response, but immersion has no effect.
Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug‐induced small intestinal inflammation and blood loss. Effects of sulfasalazine and other disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs
Authors: Hayllar Jeremy , Smith Terry , Macpherson Andrew , Price Ashley B. , Gumpel Michael , Bjarnason Ingvar 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjective. To identify the source of intestinal blood loss in rheumatoid arthritis patients being treated with nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and assess the response to sulfasalazine and other disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs).Methods. Intestinal inflammation, blood loss, and gastroduodenal damage, and the response to treatment with DMARDs, were assessed in 46 patients taking NSAIDs.Results. Intestinal inflammation and blood loss correlated significantly with one another (r = 0.43, P < 0.003), but not with the macroscopic or microscopic appearance of the gastroduodenal mucosa. Sulfasalazine reduced both intestinal inflammation and blood loss, whereas the other DMARDs did not.Conclusion. The small intestine is the main site of mild chronic blood loss in patients receiving NSAIDs, and this blood loss can be reduced with sulfasalazine treatment.
Dynamic magnetic resonance imaging for the evaluation of synovitis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Tamai Kazuya , Yamato Minoru , Yamaguchi Takehiko , Ohno Wataru 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjective. To investigate whether the findings of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) reflect rheumatoid synovitis.Methods. Dynamic imaging enhanced with gadolinium—diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid was performed on 10 affected knees of 9 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Changes in signal intensity were correlated with pathologic findings in synovial biopsy specimens obtained during total knee arthroplasty.Results. Enhancement was greater in regions with a higher degree of fibrin exudation, cellular infiltration, villous hypertrophy, vascular proliferation, and granulation formation.Conclusion. Dynamic MRI can be used for assessing local disease activity in rheumatoid synovium.
Genetic typing of patients with inflammatory arthritis at presentation can be used to predict outcome
Authors: Gough Andrew , Faint Jeff , Salmon Mike , Hassell Andrew , Wordsworth Paul , Pilling Darrell , Birley Andrew , Emery Paul 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjective. To test the hypothesis that genetic characterization of patients at the time they present with inflammatory arthritis can predict subsequent destructive disease.Methods. We evaluated 177 patients with early arthritis. Patients were serologically tested for rheumatoid factor (RF) and were DNA oligotyped for the presence of conserved base sequences in the third hypervariable region (HVR3) of the DRB1 gene, previously shown to be associated with severe rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Homozygosity in the patient's genotype was confirmed using restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. The main outcome measure was radiologic erosions at 1 year.Results. At presentation, 120 patients fulfilled the American College of Rheumatology 1987 criteria for RA, 64% of whom possessed the conserved base sequences, compared with 45% of 347 healthy controls (P < 0.001) and with 56% of 57 patients with other inflammatory arthritis (P not significant). Within the RA population, the frequency of Dw4/Dw14 compound heterozygotes was disproportionately increased. The presence of either HVR3 or RF had a relative risk of 13.49 for erosions, with a sensitivity of 95% (specificity 39%); the presence of both HVR3 and RF had a relative risk of 8.13, with a specificity of 88% (sensitivity 53%). All but 1 patient with the Dw4/Dw14 genotype developed erosions within 1 year.Conclusion. Knowledge of a patient's HLA—DR type and RF status allows clinically useful prediction of erosive disease; patients possessing Dw4/Dw14 represent a particularly high‐risk subgroup.
Lack of evidence for gender bias in the utilization of total HIP arthroplasty among olmsted county, minnesota residents with osteoarthritis
Authors: Gabriel Sherine E. , Wenger Doris E. , Ilstrup Duane M. , Lewallen David G. , Melton L. Joseph 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjective. To evaluate whether women have more advanced osteoarthritis (OA) than men prior to total hip arthroplasty (THA).Methods. Preoperative clinical and radiographic severity of hip OA was determined among Olmsted County, Minnesota residents who underwent THA. The time from first radiographic changes and first symptoms to THA was compared between genders.Results. Fifty men and 80 women underwent their first THA between 1985 and 1990. Men had higher disease activity levels preoperatively; however, 16 other clinical severity variables and 2 summary measures of OA severity were similar for both genders. Men had radiographically more advanced hip OA preoperatively. The time from first symptom of hip OA to THA was similar for both genders, while the time from first radiographic change to THA was significantly longer for men.Conclusion. These results fail to support the hypothesis that hip OA prior to THA is more severe among women compared with men.
Serum levels of insulin‐like growth factor 1 in subjects with osteoarthritis of the knee. Data from the baltimore longitudinal study of aging
Authors: Hochberg Marc C. , Lethbridge‐Cejku Margaret , Scott William W. , Reichle Ralph , Plato Chris C. , Tobin Jordan D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjective. To examine the relationship between serum levels of insulin‐like growth factor 1 (IGF‐1) and osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee.Methods. Serum IGF‐1 levels were compared in 162 male and 101 female subjects age ≥20 stratified by presence of radiographic changes of OA of the knee.Results. Mean serum IGF‐1 levels were significantly lower in subjects with knee OA; however, after adjustment for age‐related changes in IGF‐1 levels, these differences were no longer significant.Conclusion. These data fail to support the hypothesis that serum IGF‐1 levels are reduced in subjects with OA of the knee independent of the known age‐related changes in these levels.
The prevalence and clinical impact of fibromyalgia in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Middleton Gregg D. , Mcfarlin Jackie E. , Lipsky Peter E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjective. To ascertain the prevalence of fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and to evaluate its clinical impact and relationship to SLE disease activity.Methods. A cross‐sectional analysis of 102 patients from a public hospital SLE clinic. Information was obtained on symptoms of FMS, disability, tender points, pain thresholds, and SLE disease activity.Results. Twenty‐two SLE patients (22%) met the American College of Rheumatology criteria for FMS, and another 24 (23%) had clinical FMS but did not meet the classification criteria. The patients who met the criteria for FMS had a significantly increased frequency and severity of symptoms commonly associated with FMS, and were much more likely to be unable to perform daily activities. The FMS patients also were less likely to be employed, and more likely to be divorced and to be receiving welfare or medical disability benefits. However, patients with and those without FMS did not differ in measures of SLE activity.Conclusion. FMS is very common in SLE patients, and accounts for many of the symptoms and much of the disability in these patients.
Prostromelysin and procollagenase genes are differentially UP‐regulated in chondrocytes from the knees of rabbits with experimental osteoarthritis
Authors: Mehraban Fuad , Kuo San‐Yuan , Riera Humberto , Chang Chuan , Moskowitz Roland W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjective. To determine the relative expressions of matrix metalloprotease (MMP) genes pro‐MMP1 and pro‐MMP3 in the cartilage of rabbits with experimentally induced osteoarthritis (OA), and to assess the role of the chondrocyte in this process.Methods. OA was induced in rabbits after partial medial meniscectomy. Rabbits were killed at 4 weeks or 8 weeks, and total cellular RNA was prepared from cartilage and probed by Northern blotting with pro‐MMP 32P‐labeled complementary DNA. Monolayer chondrocytes were used to assess MMP‐inducing activity of chondrocyte factor(s).Results. Pro‐MMP messenger RNAs (mRNAs) were up‐regulated in experimental OA cartilage; pro‐MMP3 mRNA expression exceeded that of pro‐MMP1. Conditioned medium from OA‐derived chondrocytes up‐regulated pro‐MMP mRNAs in normal chondrocytes.Conclusion. Up‐regulation of MMP genes in this OA model may contribute to cartilage degradation. Chondrocytes up‐regulate MMP genes via an autocrine pathway.
Anti—topoisomerase i antibodies in silica‐associated systemic sclerosis. A model for autoimmunity
Authors: Mchugh Neil John , Whyte Jean , Harvey Georgina , Haustein Uwe F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjective. To determine the frequency and type of autoantibodies present in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) associated with an established environmental toxin.Methods. Clinical data and sera were available from 14 men with silica‐associated SSc who had developed SSc after at least 2 years of exposure to silica at work. Controls included 27 men with silicosis without SSc. Autoantibodies were measured by immunodiffusion, immunoblotting, and functional inhibition of topoisomerase I (topo I).Results. Nine of the 14 patients with silica‐associated SSc had anti—topo I antibodies. All anti—topo I antibodies in the patients with silica‐associated SSc and in 14 anti—topo I—positive patients with idiopathic SSc were directed at an active site of topo I, or at least sterically inhibited its function. One patient with silica‐associated SSc had anticentromere antibodies. Unexpectedly, 2 patients with silicosis who had no symptoms of a connective tissue disease had autoantibodies to Ro/SS‐A and La/SS‐B autoantigens.Conclusion. Anti—topo I antibodies are the predominant autoantibodies present in silica‐associated SSc. The generation of anti—topo I antibodies in genetically susceptible individuals may depend partly on the patient's sex and on the site of organ involvement, and may be triggered by silica particles acting as an immune adjuvant.