bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The conical cartilage of the cat's middle ear
Authors: Khalil Mahmoud A. , Spector Myron 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe object of this study was to investigate the anatomy, histology, and possible function of a conical structure found in the middle ear of the cat. This conical structure lies across the dorso-caudal compartment of the middle ear. It is directly related to the course of the chorda tympani nerve in the middle ear. Its base is attached by fibrous tissue to the dorso-caudal segment of the tympanic bone adjacent to the tympanic membrane. Its apex rests on the promontory just rostral to the round window niche. Histologically, it is cartilaginous tissue enveloped by a mudous membrane with no trace of bone. Portions of some conical cartilage specimens display extensive calcification. A previous hypothesis suggests that this structure conducts high frequency sounds directly from the tympanic membrane to the round window membrane. This seems unlikely because its length is shorter than the distance between the tympanic membrane and round window membrane. The conical cartilage may be a vestigial remnant of the second arch bar (Reichert's cartilage).
Branched and ploycystic thyroglossal duct anomaly
Authors: Tovi F. , Eyal A. 
Published: November 2007

SummaryAn unusual thyroglossal duct anomaly characterized by a branched tract terminating in two separate cysts is described. The patient presented with a long-standing fistula following previous incomplete excision.Thyroglossal cysts are common congenital anomalies (Moussatos and Baffes, 1963; Allard, 1982), which do not usually present any diagnostic difficulty. However, they may sometimes present with unusual clinico-pathological features. In this report we describe a branching and polycystic thyroglossal duct abnormality occurring in a young woman with a history of previous surgery for a midline cervical mass.
The middle ear transformer mechanism: man versus mouse
Authors: McDonogh M. 
Published: November 2007

SummaryThe anatomy and physiology of the middle ear transformer mechanism in man and a species of rodent, desmodillus auricularis, are compared. This rodent's middle ear mechanism has a transformer ratio of 147: 1 as compared to 18, 3:1 in man—some 8 times greater. The reasons for this difference are given and possible applications to middle ear surgery are suggested.
Photography and the flexible fibreoptic rhinolaryngoscope
Authors: Lancer J. M. 
Published: November 2007

SummaryDocumentation of normal and pathological anatomy is important to all medical practitioners. The ability to visualize and photograph the upper respiratory tract has been revolutionized by the advent of the flexible fibreoptic rhinolaryngoscope (FFRL), which demonstrates a one-instrument capability for the examination and photodocumentation of the ears, nasal cavity, nasopharynx, larynx, hypopharynx and trachea (Selkin, 1984). If a large natural maxillary ostium, or surgical window, is present, the antrum may also be examined.
The role of the upper oesophageal sphincter in voice rehabilitation after laryngectomy and Staffieri's procedure
Authors: Vuyk H. D. , Klinkenberg-Knol E. , Tiwari R. M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe Staffieri method was used for voice rehabilitation after total laryngectomy in our patients. Leakage of saliva has been a problem in some. It has been suggested that aspiration could be due to specific pressure relations in the pharynx, upper oesophageal sphincter and cervical oesophagus during deglutition (Mannet al., 1980). Regarding voice production, the upper oesophageal sphincter is probably the main sound source, functioning in essentially the same way as in oesophageal speech.Intraluminal pressure recordings at rest and during swallowing were used in 16 Staffieri speakers and 9 oesophageal speakers. Upper oesophageal sphincter dysfunction was seen more often in Staffieri speakers with aspiration problems than in Staffieri speakers without aspiration problems, but the relation is not clearly understood. A definite relation could be established between upper oesophageal sphincter function in terms of relaxation and coordination and aerodynamic pressure measured in the tracheostoma, necessary to sustain phonation. After dilatation of the oesophagus, produced by the inflow of air, a reflex rise in the upper oesophageal sphincter pressure is thought to occur. The pressure necessary to sustain phonation probably depends on the extent to which this reflex mechanism occurs and on the ability of the patient to induce a relaxation of the upper oesophageal sphincter before air expulsion.Selective myotomy will possibly lower the necessary pressure and enhance vocal rehabilitation. Whether this will solve a part of the aspiration problems in Staffieri speakers is completely unpredictable, as the relation of the motor function of the upper oesophageal sphincter and the aspiration problems is not well understood.
Experiences with the butterfly chart
Authors: Kirtane M. V. , Merchant S. N. , Medikeri S. B. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe bithermal caloric test remains, four decades after its first description, the single most valuable test of vestibular function. However, there are several variations described in the exact procedure of caloric stimulation and in the method of evaluating and representing the test results. For the past 10 years, we have followed a procedure using a constant standardized stimulus and a particular system for caloric nystagmus representation, viz., the Butterfly Chart, and have found it to be very satisfactory. This paper describes our experience with the use of the Butterfly Chart and its clinical application in over 4,500 cases.
Extraosseous osteogenic sarcoma of the parotid gland
Authors: Manning John T. , Raymond A. Kevin , Batsakis John G. 
Published: November 2007

The first reported case of an extraosseous osteogenic carcinoma of the parotid gland is presented. The head and neck region is an unusual site for these unusual neoplasms, with approximately 5 per cent of all extraosseous osteogenic sarcomas originating in the soft tissues of the face and neckThe neoplasms may arise after a latent period following radiation therapy. The majority, however, arise de novo. As a group, extraosseous osteogenic sarcomas are very aggressive and lethal neoplasms with an average 5-year survival of 15.6 per cent (Rao et al., 1978)
Acinic cell carcinoma of the nasal cavity: Electron-optic and immunohistochemical observations
Authors: Ordonez Nelson G. , Batsakis John G. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe fourth example of an acinic cell carcinoma arising in the sinonasal tract is presented. Because of its unusual and atypical histologic appearance, correct diagnosis required electron microscopic analysis and the demonstration of intracellular amylase by immunohistochemical stains.
Inversion of the stapedial reflex in ossicular chain lesions
Authors: Gimsing Steen 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIn ears with minor conductive hearing loss of traumatic origin, it is sometimes possible to invert the deflection of the stapedial reflex by application of a small underpressure in the external auditory meatus of the injured ear (probe ear). This inversion can be explained by an ossicular discontinuity bridge by soft tissue.
Long-term tympanic ventilation by Per-Lee tube
Authors: Gibb Alan G. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe fate of 32 Per-Lee ventilation tubes inserted by a single surgeon for secretory otitis media in children and adults is analysed over a 15-year period. There were no extrusions and 25 tubes were still functional at the time of the survey. The total ventilation time achieved by the 32 tubes was over 157 years. Seven tubes were removed on account of either obstruction or infection. Spontaneous healing of the tympanic membrane was uncertain following removal of the tube and a considerable degree of scarring was inevitable. Hearing improvement occurred while the tube was functioning and there were no cases of hearing deterioration. It is concluded that the Per-Lee tube is a suitable prosthesis for long-term middle-ear ventilation.
Hepatosplenomegaly in infectious mononucleosis, assessed by ultrasonic scanning
Authors: Dommerby H. , Stangerup S.-E. , Stangerup M. , Hancke S. 
Published: November 2007

SummaryThe present study aims at an assessment of hepato-splenomegaly in infectious mononucleosis (IM). In 29 patients admitted to the ENT department with IM, based on the typical clinical and laboratory findings, including a positive mononucleosis test in most cases, the size of the liver and spleen was estimated by ultrasonic scanning on days 1, 3, 5, 10, 20, 30, 90 and 120 after admission. A control group of eight patients with peritonsillar abscess was included for comparison. The results showed that all patients had an enlarged spleen (mean enlargement: 50–60 per cent) but only a few were palpable. Half of the patients had enlargement of the liver (5–20 per cent), which was palpable in only 8 per cent. There was no correlation between the size of the spleen and that of the liver, not between the changes in the size of these organs. There was no enlargement of the liver or spleen in the control group. No correlation was found between the size, or changes in the size, of the organs and blood values such as lactatdehydrogenase and aspartatamino-transferase. There is, however, a striking parallelism between the curves for these parameters, which might indicate that the organs as well as the blood tests return to normal within 28 days. If this holds true, our warning to abstain from physical exercise and alcoholic intake may be limited to a period of about 1 month.
Involution of residual juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma
Authors: Stansbie J. M. , Phelps P. D. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe apparent tendency of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma to involute with age has been known for many years but firm evidence of this has been lacking. This case report uses computerized tomography to provide the first documented evidence of this involution.
Linear measurements in middle ear surgery
Authors: Gibb Alan G. , Croll Thomas L. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPresent methods of linear measurement in micro-surgical procedures in the middle ear are crude when judged in relation to the delicate structure and functioning of the normal ear.Alternative methods of measurement employing the operating microscope are described. These depend on recording the travel of the microscope between two selected focal points and can be employed in both vertical and horizontal planes. Oblique distances can readily be calculated from the information provided. Minor alterations to existing microscopes would be required to ensure precise recording bv electronic or linear methods.
A new suspension device for laryngeal endoscopy in developing countries
Authors: Ijaduola Taiwo G. A. 
Published: November 2007

SummaryIn view of the various technical and electricity maintainance problems with endoscopes in any developing country, a new suspension device for laryngeal endoscopy with a straight-bladed anaesthetic laryngoscope has been described. The advantages of this system are its small size, cheap cost, lack of a chest piece and the use of a non-failing battery source. It also makes use of bipod stands already available in a tonsillectomy set. It can be used in the countryside, and in out-patient and mobile clinics.
Intracranial glossopharyngeal schwannoma, a tumour imitating an acoustic schwannoma.
Authors: Andersen T. , Ulsoe C. , Overgaard J. , Ringsted J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractNeurinomas originating from the ninth cranial nerve are rarely boserved. The early signs and symptoms of a glossopharyngeal neurinoma are rather discrete, and it can happen that a tunour here will often first be recognisd with the signs and symptoms of an expanding posterior fossa lesion—thus often closely resembling an aconstics neurinoma.
Acute bilateral total deafness complicating mumps
Authors: Bitnun S. , Rakover Y. , Rosen G. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWhile it is well known that mumps is a potential cause of deafness, it is not generally appreciated that it can produce total deafness. The damage is usually unilateral but bilateral disease has been recorded. A case is presented of severe bilateral hearing loss during a mumps epidemic in which, in spite of intensive conventional as well as lesser known therapy, no improvement occurred. In the absence of a successful therapeutic regime it is clearly advisable to intensify immunization in non-developed countries.
Current conservative treatment of childhood chronic secretony otitis media
Authors: Cherry John R. 
Published: November 2007

SummaryA questionnaire on medical treatment of childhood secretory otitis was posted to all Consultant Otologists in the Thames Regions of the National Health Service. Questions dealt with indications for medical management, choice of treatment, and indications for omitting medical therapy in favour of immediate surgery, or giving no treatment at all. 86 questionnaires were completed. 81.4 per cent of respondents used medical treatment, but there was no consensus as to the drug or combination preferred. Oral decongestant preparations were the most popular. 87.1 per cent of users of medical therapy sometimes omitted it in favour of immediate surgery, most commonly because previous treatment by another practitioner appeared a failure. 63.1 per cent of all respondents left some cases completely untreated. The views of experienced otologists on the treatment of ‘glue ear’ vary widely, and there is no acceptable evidence to support any method of medical therapy. Large-scale trials are needed to clarify the position.
Syrup formulations for post-tonsillectomy analgesia:
Authors: Parker D. A. , Gibbin K. P. , Noyelle R. M. 
Published: November 2007

SummaryPost-tonsillectomy analgesia from ibuprofen, aspirin and placebo is compared in a double-blind study. The results are reported showing ibuprofen to have greater therapeutic benefit than placebo whereas aspirin did not. Methods of providing pain relief after tonsillectomy and the relative clinical merits of ibuprofen and aspirin are discussed.
Vestibular abnormalities in patients with Bell's palsy
Authors: Uri Nechama , Schuchman Gerald 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIn order to assess the extent of the underlying pathology in Bell's palsy, the vestibular function of 24 patients was evaluated within the first week from the onset of facial paralysis. Seven patients had pathological findings by ENG and an additional three had subjective vestibular signs; four of these ten patients also showed abnormal auditory brain stem evoked potentials. There was no correlation between the severity of the paralysis or the prognosis for recovery and the presence of vestibular abnormalities.
Trans-septal approach to unilateral posterior choanal atresia
Authors: McIntosh William A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA technique of trans-septal approach to unilateral bony choanal atresia in the older child or adult is described with the advantages of better exposure, less bleeding and better mucosal cover of raw bone than traditional methods. This seems to reduce post-operative re-stenosis at the site of the atresia.
Uncommon malignant tumours of the larynx A 35 year review
Authors: Hamlyn Peter J. , O'Brien Christopher J. , Shaw Henry J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractSixty-five primary malignant laryngeal tumours, other than simple squamous cell carcinomas, treated at the Royal Marsden Hospital between 1949 and 1984 are presented. Of the 11 histological types pseudosarcomas (24 cases), verrucous carcinomas (9 cases) and lymphoreticular tumours (9 cases) predominated. Determinate three-year follow-up data were available in 50 cases. Sixteen patients (32 per cent) died of their neoplasms but survival was strongly related to histology. Only one death occurred among 24 determinate cases of pseudosarcoma and verrucous carcinoma. Radiotherapy was effective treatment for these two tumour types and for reticuloendothelial tumours. However, combined therapy yielded poor results with the other histological types.
Hearing-loss and calciferol deficiency
Authors: Irwin J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractVitamin D (calciferol) dehciency has recently been claimed to cause cochlear hearing-loss (Brookes and Morrison, 1981; Brookes, 1983, 1984). In view of the therapeutic and pathophysiological implications of this finding, a confirmatory study was undertaken in the Department of Neuro-otology at The Royal National Throat, Nose and Ear Hospital.Screening of 112 consecutive new referrals revealed 32 patients with biochemical abnormalities compatible with vitamin D deficiency. Of these, 26 agreed to serum vitamin D assay and normal values were obtained in all of these cases. This study does not support the claim that vitamin D deficiency is a cause of hearing-loss.
A simple and inexpensive method for laryngeal photography with the operating microscope
Authors: Kambič Vinko , Fajdiga Igor , Fischinger Janez 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAlter a bnet review ot the history or laryngeal photography, a simple and inexpensive method as used at the ENT Clinic of Ljubljana is described.The equipment consists of a standard 35 mm Olympus OM-1 camera attached to the Olympus OME-J operating microscope and an Olympus T-32 flash unit connected via a large bore flexible light cable to a specially designed laryngoscope.With the equipment described excellent photographs can be obtained even in inexperienced hands without interference with endoscopic procedures.
Infratemporal fossa lesions
Authors: Parker D. A. , Robin P. E. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThree cases of malignant lesions in the infratemporal fossa are presented to illustrate the insidious nature of the symptoms, the delay in diagnosis and the difficulty in both diagnosis and treatment. Attention is drawn to the deficiencies in diagnostic radiology in this area, and to the possible surgical approaches for diagnosis, assessment and excision.
Anatomical characteristics of the fossula fenestrae vestibuli
Authors: Djerić D. , Savić D. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAnatomical characteristics of the fossula fenestrae vestibuli were tested and analysed precisely on 200 samples of temporal bones. The fossula is usually ovoid and shallow but can be, exceptionally, elongated, narrow and deep. It is surrounded by four walls. In 45.5 per cent of cases the upper wall is formed only by the facial canal and in 54.5 per cent of cases a bony lamella is found beneath the facial canal; the promontory forms the lower wall; the front wall is formed by the bony lamella and part of the processus cochleariformis; the back wall is clearly defined in only 22.8 per cent of cases and is formed by the bony lamella of the medial wall of the tympanic cavity. In 13.2 per cent of cases the floor of the fossula partially covers the prominence of the facial canal and in two per cent the eminentia pyramidalis. Bony recesses in this region occur fairly frequently: sinus subfacialis in 60 per cent, sinus retrofenestralis in 77.2 per cent, and sinus subrostralis in 25 per cent of the cases. These anatomical variations can influence the result of surgical intervention.
Irresectable tumours of the temporal bone
Authors: Quiney R. E. , Flood L. M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractSporadic case reports and the few published series of expanding lesions of the deep petrous temporal bone propose a variety of surgical approaches to ensure excision. All such surgery represents a compromise between exposure adequate for total removal and avoidance of further neurological deficit. Unfortunately pathology in the petrous apex evolves relatively silently and diagnosis is delayed. In many cases total excision is impossible. We present a series of patients presenting with advanced tumours of the deep petrous temporal bone in order to illustrate the spectrum of disease encountered, the limited role of surgery and the natural history of irresectable pathology in this remote and inaccessible area.
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo Clinical observations by vestibular habituation training and by posturography
Authors: Norré M. E. , Forrez G. , Beckers A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractVestibular Habituation Training (VHT) is the treatment of choice for paroxysmal positional vertigo (ppv). The origin of the disturbance is peripheral and the data observed in the cases treated confirm that it is not located in horizontal canal function. However, canal dysfunction can be present together with ppv. Usually a separate course is observed for the phenomena attributed to horizontal dysfunction and those to the ppv lesion.The specificity of the Dix-Hallpike manoeuvres linked to the typical ppv is also confirmed by the data obtained by testing for VHT (VHT-test-battery).Ppv can have a repercussion upon the vestibulospinal reflex. That the same ppv disturbance can coincide with normal as well as with abnormal posturographic data, pleads for the intervention of central adaptive mechanisms. The effect of VHT is due to stimulation of these central adaptive mechanisms and not to any impact upon the peripheral lesion.
Clinical aspects of pseudodysphagia
Authors: Bradley P. J. , Narula A. 
Published: November 2007

SummaryPseudodysphagia is the description of the sensation of a feeling of a lump in the throat—commonly known as the globus symptom. A prospective analysis of 145 consecutive patients with this symptom seen by an Otolaryngologist has provided confirmation that a high proportion of these patients have a treatable basis for their complaints and that most can be successfully managed without time-consuming and expensive investigations—provided clinical evaluation includes thorough visualisation of the oropharynx and supraglottis. The explanation for the symptomatology in patients who suffer from reflux oesophagitis is probably referred pain from the region of the lower oesophageal sphincter rather than spasm of the upper sphincter. The expression globus hystericus is outdated and should be discarded, and we recommended describing the symptoms as primary globus pharyngeus when there is no evident cause and secondary globus pharyngeus when the aetiology is detectable.
Serum enzymes in head and neck cancer. II Aliesterase
Authors: Lal Harbans , Madan H. C. , Kohli G. S. , Yadav S. P. S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractSerum aliesterase levels have been estimated in 38 patients with head and neck cancer. The mean value was significantly lower than in controls. The decrease in activity was greater in patients with ulcerative growths and it progressed with advancement in the stage of cancer.With radiotherapy, a progressive and significant increase in serum aliesterase activity was observed. In patients with non-malignant growths the activity was comparable with that in controls.
Preservation of neck dissection for histological study
Authors: Rhys Evans P. H. , Morgan D. , Smallman Lesley 
Published: November 2007

AbstractDissection of lymphatic nodes in the neck—whether radical or partial, functional or prophylactic—forms an integral part of the surgical management of cancer of the head and neck. Accurate orientation and fixation of the surgical specimen is a prerequisite for correct histopathological study of the extent of the disease and for a complete clinicopathological interpretation, which is of significant therapeutic and prognostic importance.