bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge, attitude, and practice toward arteriovenous fistulas for hemodialysis among nurses
Authors: Huang Sifeng , Liu Dongmei 
Published: March 2024

Background: The effective management of vascular access (VA) is pivotal in hemodialysis (HD) care, with nurses assuming a key role in this crucial process. Nonetheless, there is a noticeable gap in our understanding of the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of nurses concerning arteriovenous fistulas (AVF) for HD. This study aimed to investigate the KAP of nurses in this domain. Methods: This multi-center cross-sectional study was conducted in 42 hospitals from April 11, 2023, to June 11, 2023. Participating nurses completed a self-administered questionnaire providing demographic and KAP information. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was utilized to assess the interrelationship between KAP. Results: A total of 450 valid questionnaires were included in the analysis. The knowledge, attitude, and practice scores were 12.70 ± 1.42 (84.6%, possible score: 0–15), 44.37 ± 2.76 (88.7%, possible score: 10–50), and 56.73 ± 6.61 (87.3%, possible score: 13–65), indicating that adequate knowledge, positive attitude, and proactive practice. Knowledge had a direct influence on both attitude (β = 0.42, 95% CI: 0.24–0.59, p < 0.001) and practice (β = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.20–0.96, p = 0.003), and it also indirectly influenced practice through attitude (β = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.24–0.65, p < 0.001). Conclusion: The findings revealed that HD nurses exhibited adequate knowledge, positive attitude, and proactive practice concerning AVF for HD. Notably, their level of knowledge directly influenced both their attitudes and practices, while also exerting an indirect influence on the latter.
Photodynamic therapy of cervical cancer: a scoping review on the efficacy of various molecules
Authors: Shanazarov Nasrulla Abdullaevich , Zare Afshin , Mussin Nadiar Maratovich , Albayev Rustam Kuanyshbekovich , Kaliyev Asset Askerovich , Iztleuov Yerbolat Maratovich , Smailova Sandugash Bakhytbekovna , Tamadon Amin 
Published: March 2024

Background: Cervical cancer poses a considerable worldwide health issue, where infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV) plays a vital role as a risk factor. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a minimally invasive treatment for HPV-related cervical lesions, which uses photosensitizers and light to selectively destroy abnormal cells. Objectives: Our objective is to present a comprehensive overview of the different types of molecules employed in PDT to reduce the occurrence and fatality rates associated with cervical cancer. Design: Scoping review and bibliometric analysis. Methods: The article explores clinical trials investigating the efficacy of PDT in treating low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, as well as preclinical approaches utilizing various molecules for PDT in cervical cancer. Furthermore, the article sheds light on potential molecules for PDT enhancement, examining their properties through computer modeling simulations, molecular docking, and assessing their advantages and disadvantages. Results: Our findings demonstrate that PDT holds promise as a therapeutic approach for treating cervical lesions associated with HPV and cervical cancer. Additionally, we observe that the utilization of diverse dye classes enhances the anticancer effects of PDT. Conclusion: Among the various molecules employed in PDT, functionalized fullerene exhibits a notable inclination toward overexpressed receptors in cervical cancer cells, making it a potential candidate for intensified use in PDT. However, further research is needed to evaluate its long-term effectiveness and safety.
Understanding the Impact of Different Modes of Information Provision on Preferences for a Newborn Bloodspot Screening Program in the United Kingdom
Authors: Wright Stuart J. , Vass Caroline M. , Ulph Fiona , Payne Katherine 
Published: March 2024

Introduction. This study aimed to understand the impact of alternative modes of information provision on the stated preferences of a sample of the public for attributes of newborn bloodspot screening (NBS) in the United Kingdom. Methods. An online discrete choice experiment survey was designed using 4 attributes to describe NBS (effect of treatment on the condition, time to receive results, whether the bloodspot is stored, false-positive rate). Survey respondents were randomized to 1 of 2 survey versions presenting the background training materials using text from a leaflet (leaflet version) or an animation (animation version). Heteroskedastic conditional logistic regression was used to estimate the effect of mode of information provision on error variance. Results. The survey was completed by 1,000 respondents (leaflet = 525; animation = 475). Preferences for the attributes in the DCE were the same in both groups, but the group receiving the animation version had 9% less error variance in their responses. Respondents completing the animation version gave higher ratings compared with the leaflet version in terms of ease of perceived understanding. Subgroup analysis suggested that the animation was particularly effective at reducing error variance for women (20%), people with previous children (16.5%), and people between the ages of 35 and 45 y (11.8%). Limitations. This study used simple DCE with 4 attributes, and the results may vary for more complex choice questions. Conclusion. This study provides evidence that that supplementing the information package offered to parents choosing to take part in NBS with an animation may aid them their decision making. Further research would be needed to test the animation in the health system. Implications. Researchers designing DCE should carefully consider the design of their training materials to improve the quality of data collected. Highlights Prior to completing a discrete choice experiment about newborn bloodspot screening, respondents were shown information using either a leaflet-based or animated format. Respondents receiving information using an animation version reported that the information was slightly easier to understand and exhibited 9% less error variance in expressing their preferences for a newborn screening program. Using the animation version to present information appeared to have a larger impact in reducing the error variance of responses for specific respondents including women, individuals with children, individuals between the ages of 35 and 45 y, and individuals educated to degree level.
A United States-based patient-reported adult polyglucosan body disease registry: initial results
Authors: Sparks Jacy , Michelassi Francesco , Thompson John L. P. , Buchsbaum Richard , Pires Natacha , DeRosa Janet T. , Engelstad Kristin , DiMauro Salvatore , Akman Hasan Orhan , Hirano Michio 
Published: March 2024

Background: Adult Polyglucosan Body Disease (APBD) is an ultra-rare, genetic neurodegenerative disorder caused by autosomal recessive mutations in the glycogen branching enzyme gene. Knowledge of the demographic and clinical characteristics of APBD patients and the natural history of the disease is lacking. We report here initial results from a patient-reported registry of APBD patients. Objectives: (1) Maximize the quality of the APBD Registry survey data; (2) provide an initial report on APBD disease progression and natural history using these data; and (3) specify next steps in the process for testing potential new therapies. Design: Data are from members of the APBD Research Foundation (New York), surveyed from 2014 by the Columbia APBD Patient/Family (CAP) Registry. Inclusion criteria are: disease onset at age 18+ and progressive clinical triad of peripheral neuropathy, spasticity, and neurogenic bladder. Methods: Genetic testing results were used when available. Respondents found to not have APBD in clinical records were excluded. All changes and exclusions were recorded in a database edit log. Results are reported in frequency tables, bar graphs, time plots, and heat maps. Results: The 96 respondents meeting inclusion criteria were predominantly (96.8%) White, highly educated (89.3% at least some college education), and mostly (85.1%) of Ashkenazi Jewish descent. 57.1% had at least one parent born in the United States, with at least one grandparent from Europe (excluding Russia; 75.4%), the United States (42.1%), or Russia (33.3%). 37.2% reported a family history of APBD, and 33.3% had an affected sibling. Median APBD onset age was 51 [Interquartile range (IQR) 11], and median age of diagnosis 57 (IQR 10.5). The 75 reported prior misdiagnoses were mainly peripheral neuropathy (43, 60.6%) and spinal stenosis (11, 15.1%). Conclusion: Although from a demographically constricted survey, the results provide basic clinical information for future studies to develop treatments for APBD.
The European Union’s deregulation of plants obtained from new genomic techniques: a critique and an alternative option
Authors: Winter Gerd 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe EU is about to relax its oversight of genetically modified organisms, focusing on plants and products that are obtained through certain new genomic techniques. The aim is to promote new genomic techniques as an innovative technology and employing it as a means to transform agriculture to sustainability. The present contribution describes and evaluates the planned reform. It discusses whether standards of legal certainty and legitimacy are met, how environmental side-effects are taken into account, how sustainability goals are integrated, what socio-economic effects are to be expected, and whether higher rank law is respected. As several shortcomings are found an alternative approach is submitted that combines a certain easing of administrative oversight with better integration of sustainability goals. Auspices for organic and conventional GMO-free agriculture are also sketched out.
Traceability tagging of volatile organic compound sources and their contributions to ozone formation in Suzhou using vehicle-based portable single-photon ionization mass spectrometry
Authors: Shuaibu Nazifi Sani , Qin Chenghua , Chu Fengjian , Ismail Balarabe B. , Ibrahim Ammar Muhammad , Indabawa Musbahu Garba , Abdalmohammed S. A. A. , Zhao Gaosheng , Wang Xiaozhi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
In recent decades, there has been an increasing global preoccupation with atmospheric volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Given the significant impact of VOCs as pollutants and essential precursors of ozone (O3) in urban and industrial areas, it is imperative to identify and quantify the sources of their emissions to facilitate the development and implementation of effective environmental control strategies.

Methods
A mobile laboratory vehicle equipped with a single-photon ionization–time-of-flight mass spectrometer (SPI–TOFMS) and a navigation system was employed to establish the traceability of VOCs that contribute to the formation of ozone in Suzhou Industrial Park. The method exhibited a favorable detection limit of 0.090 ppbv, accompanied by a mass resolution of 1500 for the instrument and a correlation coefficient ≥ 0.990. A positive matrix factorization (PMF) model was utilized to determine the source appointment of the VOCs.

Results
The study tentatively traced and identified the VOCs emissions source and their contribution to ozone formation in Suzhou. Using the PMF model, the sources of VOCs were profiled: three primary sources of VOCs were identified, namely, vehicular emissions, an industrial solvent, and biofuel combustion. Alkanes groups were found to be the most abundant VOCs species, accounting for 60% of the total VOCs, followed by aromatics and alkenes. Maximum incremental reactivity (MIR) quantifies the impact of photochemical reaction mechanism on the potential ozone formation.

Conclusions
The findings of this study complement existing knowledge on the pollution status of atmospheric VOCs and highlight the correlation with ozone formation potential in Suzhou. The aforementioned sources were identified as the primary factors responsible for the pollution in Suzhou. The successful implementation of SPI–TOFMS has demonstrated a promising methodology that is well-suited for the real-time and online monitoring of VOCs in the atmosphere. In addition, a library for identifying VOC fingerprints from the same plant was established. This library serves as a comprehensive resource for establishing on-site VOC traceability, estimating source apportionment, and evaluating their impact on ozone formation.
Genome-wide identification of GA2ox genes family and analysis of PbrGA2ox1-mediated enhanced chlorophyll accumulation by promoting chloroplast development in pear
Authors: Guo Guoling , Liu Lun , Shen Taijing , Wang Haozhe , Zhang Shuqin , Sun Yu , Xiong Guoyu , Tang Xiaomei , Zhu Liwu , Jia Bing 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Chlorophyll (Chl) is an agronomic trait associated with photosynthesis and yield. Gibberellin 2-oxidases (GA2oxs) have previously been shown to be involved in Chl accumulation. However, whether and how the PbrGA2ox proteins (PbrGA2oxs) mediate Chl accumulation in pear (Pyrus spp.) is scarce.

Results
Here, we aimed to elucidate the role of the pear GA2ox gene family in Chl accumulation and the related underlying mechanisms. We isolated 13 PbrGA2ox genes (PbrGA2oxs) from the pear database and identified PbrGA2ox1 as a potential regulator of Chl accumulation. We found that transiently overexpressing PbrGA2ox1 in chlorotic pear leaves led to Chl accumulation, and PbrGA2ox1 silencing in normal pear leaves led to Chl degradation, as evident by the regreening and chlorosis phenomenon, respectively. Meanwhile, PbrGA2ox1-overexpressing (OE) tobacco plants discernably exhibited Chl built-up, as evidenced by significantly higher Pn and Fv/Fm. In addition, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), physiological and biochemical investigations revealed an increase in abscisic acid (ABA), methyl jasmonate (MeJA), and salicylic acid (SA) concentrations and signaling pathways; a marked elevation in reducing and soluble sugar contents; and a marginal decline in the starch and sucrose levels in OE plants. Interestingly, PbrGA2ox1 overexpression did not prominently affect Chl synthesis. However, it indeed facilitated chloroplast development by increasing chloroplast number per cell and compacting the thylakoid granum stacks. These findings might jointly contribute to Chl accumulation in OE plants.

Conclusion
Overall, our results suggested that GA2oxs accelerate Chl accumulation by stimulating chloroplast development and proved the potential of PbrGA2ox1 as a candidate gene for genetically breeding biofortified pear plants with a higher yield.
Safe and promising outcomes of in-hospital preoperative rehabilitation for coronary artery bypass grafting after an acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Nakamura Ken , Arai Shusuke , Kobayashi Kimihiro , Nakai Shingo , Sho Ri , Ishizawa Ai , Watanabe Daisuke , Hirooka Shuto , Ohba Eiichi , Mizumoto Masahiro , Kuroda Yoshinori , Kim Cholsu , Uchino Hideaki , Shimanuki Takao , Uchida Tetsuro 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Objective
In patients with stable hemodynamic status after an acute coronary syndrome (ACS), coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) after preoperative investigations can provide outcomes comparable to those of emergency surgery. However, no established guidelines exist regarding the preparation period before surgery. We report the results of the use of an inpatient cardiac rehabilitation program followed by CABG after an ACS to improve post-operative outcomes and prognosis after discharge.

Methods
From 2005 to 2017, 471 patients underwent either isolated or combined CABG at our institution, and of those, the 393 who received isolated CABG were included in the analysis. Twenty-seven patients (6.9%) were admitted with ACS and underwent preoperative rehabilitation before undergoing CABG, with a subsequent review of surgical morbidity and mortality rates. Propensity score matching yielded a cohort of 26 patients who underwent preoperative rehabilitation (group A) and 26 controls (group B). Preoperative characteristics were similar between groups.

Results
The completion rate of the rehabilitation program was 96.3%. All programs were conducted with inpatients, with an average length of stay of 23 ± 12 days. All patients completed in-bed exercises, and 85% completed out-of-bed exercises. The 30-day postoperative mortality was 0% in both groups A and B, and the rate of postoperative major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events at 12 months did not differ significantly between groups (7.7% vs 3.9%, respectively; p = 1.0). The duration of mechanical ventilation (1.3 ± 0.3 vs 1.5 ± 0.3 days, respectively; p = 0.633), length of intensive care unit stay (4.4 ± 2.1 vs 4.8 ± 2.3 days, respectively; p = 0.584) and length of hospital stay (25 ± 13 vs 22 ± 9 days, respectively; p = 0.378) did not differ significantly between groups.

Conclusions
No complications of preoperative rehabilitation were observed, suggesting that it is an acceptable option for patients who experience ACS and undergo CABG. These results are promising in offering more robust designs of future trials.
Age and healthy lifestyle behavior’s disparities and similarities on knowledge of myocardial infarction symptoms and risk factors among public and outpatients in a resource-limited setting, cross-sectional study in greater Gaborone, Botswana
Authors: Ookeditse Ookeditse , Ookeditse Kebadiretse K. , Motswakadikgwa Thusego R. , Masilo Gosiame , Bogatsu Yaone , Lekobe Baleufi C. , Mosepele Mosepele , Schirmer Henrik , Johnsen Stein H. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Objectives
In this cross-sectional study from Botswana, we investigated knowledge of myocardial infarction (MI) symptoms and risk factors among the general public and outpatients with MI risk factors based on age and lifestyle behaviors, in addition to assessing associations with sociodemographic and MI risk factors.

Method
Open-ended questionnaires about 8 MI symptoms and 10 risk factors, were administered by research assistants to a representative selection of outpatients (n = 525) and the public (n = 2248). Weight and height were measured in all participants and BMI was calculated. Knowledge scores were compared between the two groups. We examined whether sociodemographic and MI risk factors had impact on the scores. Analyses were further adjusted for lifestyle behavior (smoking status, dietary status and physical activities).

Results
The valid response rate was 97.9% comprising 97.8% for the public (n = 2199) and 98.1% for outpatients (n = 515). Public respondents (35.2 ± 12.3 years) were younger than outpatients (38.5 ± 12.6 years). The public comprised 56.9% females while outpatients 54.6%.
In general, outpatients had higher knowledge of MI symptoms than the public, with mean scores ± SD of 3.49 ± 2.84 vs 2.80 ± 2.54. Outpatients also had higher knowledge score of MI risk factors than the public, with mean scores, 5.33 ± 3.22 vs 3.82 ± 3.07. For MI symptoms, outpatients were more aware than the public for chest pains among all ages, for arm pain/ numbness, neck/ jaw pain radiating to/ from chest, and feeling sick or looking pallor on the skin among those aged 35–49 years.
Among both the public and outpatients, lower knowledge of both MI symptoms and risk factors was associated with primary education, not residing/working together, history of hypertension, no history of heart disease/stroke, and obesity. There were similarities and disparities on MI knowledge among respondents with various numbers of healthy lifestyle behaviours.

Conclusion
Results call for urgent educational campaigns on awareness and knowledge of MI and using strategies based on age and lifestyle behavior.
Meta-analysis and systematic review of the relationship between sex and the risk or incidence of poststroke aphasia and its types
Authors: Li Ting-ting , Zhang Ping-ping , Zhang Ming-chen , Zhang Hui , Wang Hong-ying , Yuan Ying , Wu Shan-lin , Wang Xiao-wen , Sun Zhong-guang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Objective
To analyse and discuss the association of gender differences with the risk and incidence of poststroke aphasia (PSA) and its types, and to provide evidence-based guidance for the prevention and treatment of poststroke aphasia in clinical practice.

Data sources
Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Library and Web of Science were searched from January 1, 2002, to December 1, 2023.

Study selection
Including the total number of strokes, aphasia, the number of different sexes or the number of PSA corresponding to different sex.

Data extraction
Studies with missing data, aphasia caused by nonstroke and noncompliance with the requirements of literature types were excluded.

Data synthesis
36 papers were included, from 19 countries. The analysis of 168,259 patients with stroke and 31,058 patients with PSA showed that the risk of PSA was 1.23 times higher in female than in male (OR = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.19–1.29, P < 0.001), with a prevalence of PSA of 31% in men and 36% in women, and an overall prevalence of 34% (P < 0.001). Analysis of the risk of the different types of aphasia in 1,048 patients with PSA showed a high risk in females for global, broca and Wenicke aphasia, and a high risk in males for anomic, conductive and transcortical aphasia, which was not statistically significant by meta-analysis. The incidence of global aphasia (males vs. females, 29% vs. 32%) and broca aphasia (17% vs 19%) were higher in females, and anomic aphasia (19% vs 14%) was higher in males, which was statistically significant (P < 0.05).

Conclusions
There are gender differences in the incidence and types of PSA. The risk of PSA in female is higher than that in male.
An elevated level of interleukin-17A in a Senegalese malaria cohort is associated with rs8193038 IL-17A genetic variant
Authors: Thiam Fatou , Diop Gora , Coulonges Cedric , Derbois Celine , Thiam Alassane , Diouara Abou Abdallah Malick , Mbaye Mame Ndew , Diop Mamadou , Nguer Cheikh Momar , Dieye Yakhya , Mbengue Babacar , Zagury Jean-Francois , Deleuze Jean-Francois , Dieye Alioune 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMalaria infection is a multifactorial disease partly modulated by host immuno-genetic factors. Recent evidence has demonstrated the importance of Interleukin-17 family proinflammatory cytokines and their genetic variants in host immunity. However, limited knowledge exists about their role in parasitic infections such as malaria. We aimed to investigate IL-17A serum levels in patients with severe and uncomplicated malaria and gene polymorphism’s influence on the IL-17A serum levels. In this research, 125 severe (SM) and uncomplicated (UM) malaria patients and 48 free malaria controls were enrolled. IL-17A serum levels were measured with ELISA. PCR and DNA sequencing were used to assess host genetic polymorphisms in IL-17A. We performed a multivariate regression to estimate the impact of human IL-17A variants on IL-17A serum levels and malaria outcomes. Elevated serum IL-17A levels accompanied by increased parasitemia were found in SM patients compared to UM and controls (P < 0.0001). Also, the IL-17A levels were lower in SM patients who were deceased than in those who survived. In addition, the minor allele frequencies (MAF) of two IL-17A polymorphisms (rs3819024 and rs3748067) were more prevalent in SM patients than UM patients, indicating an essential role in SM. Interestingly, the heterozygous rs8193038 AG genotype was significantly associated with higher levels of IL-17A than the homozygous wild type (AA). According to our results, it can be concluded that the IL-17A gene rs8193038 polymorphism significantly affects IL-17A gene expression. Our results fill a gap in the implication of IL-17A gene polymorphisms on the cytokine level in a malaria cohort. IL-17A gene polymorphisms also may influence cytokine production in response to Plasmodium infections and may contribute to the hyperinflammatory responses during severe malaria outcomes.