bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Notes on Finality in Aquinas’s Fifth Way
Authors: Weigel Peter 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAquinas’s Fifth Way argues for God’s existence from the perception of goal-directed activity in nature. Its details are difficult to understand. This study interprets the premises and offers background reasoning for them, which Aquinas develops elsewhere in his writings. A major focus is clarifying the scope of finality the Fifth Way invokes. The argument leaves unspecified the kinds of purposive activity in nature Aquinas has in mind. Thus, the discussion first treats types of purposive activity in nature Aquinas recognizes. It then looks at the two reasons the argument gives for final causes in nature. Things tend to act in regular ways and tend toward what is ‘best’. Attention then turns to the key premise that goal-directed activity in nonrational beings requires direction by something with intelligence. A final section of the article explores why Aquinas seems to look to a single source of finality in nature and why, in the conclusion, he claims that we call this God. Thus, Aquinas’s larger views on finality in nature shed light on his intents in the Fifth Way.
ORIBASIUS ON CABBAGE: LIBRI AD EVNAPIVM 3.13.4
Authors: Lin Lijuan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis article suggests a new reading for Oribasius’ Libri ad Eunapium 3.13.4. Based on evidence from both Greek and Syriac sources, it argues that the variant contained in Oribasius’ Synopsis ad Eustathium should be adopted as the correct reading of the original.
On the Capital Market Consequences of Big Data: Evidence from Outer Space
Authors: Katona Zsolt , Painter Marcus O. , Patatoukas Panos N. , Zeng Jean 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We use the introduction of satellite coverage of major retailers to study the capital market implications of unequal access to big data. Satellite data enabled sophisticated investors with access to such data to formulate profitable trading strategies, especially by targeting the upcoming reports of retailers with bad news for the quarter. The introduction of satellite data led to more informed short-selling activity, less informed individual buying activity, and lower stock liquidity around the reports of retailers with satellite coverage. We conclude that unequal access to big data can increase information asymmetry among market participants without immediately enhancing price discovery.
Development of verb argument constructions in L2 English learners: A close replication of research question 3 in Römer and Berger (2019)
Authors: Liu Yingying , Lu Xiaofei 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study closely replicates the analyses of the third research question in Römer and Berger (2019), which reported that the associations between verbs and verb argument constructions (VACs) used by German and Spanish learners of English move closer to a native usage norm as the learners’ proficiency increases. This study conducted the same correlation analyses from the original study but with a substantially expanded version of the learner corpus used therein. Additionally, we conducted zero-inflated negative binomial analyses to estimate the relationship between the frequencies of verb-VAC combinations in the British National Corpus (BNC) and in the learner subcorpora representing different proficiency levels. Our findings were consistent with the original study in showing significant positive correlations between frequencies of the verb-VAC combinations in the BNC and in the learner subcorpora but further revealed the potential effect of topic on the learners’ VAC usage. Implications for future studies are discussed.
Challenges in identifying malnutrition in obesity; An overview of the state of the art and directions for future research
Authors: Mwala Natasha Nalucha , Borkent Jos W. , van der Meij Barbara S. , de van der Schueren Marian A.E. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
(Protein–energy) malnutrition in individuals living with obesity presents complex diagnostic challenges due to the distinctive physiological characteristics of obesity. This narrative review critically examines the identification of malnutrition within the population with obesity, distinguishing malnutrition in obesity from related conditions such as sarcopenic obesity. While noting some shared features, the review highlights key differences between these conditions. The review also highlights the limitations of current malnutrition screening tools, which are not designed for individuals living with obesity. These tools primarily rely on anthropometric measurements, neglecting (among others) nutrient intake assessment, which hinders accurate malnutrition detection. Additionally, this review discusses limitations in existing diagnostic criteria, including the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria, when applied to individuals living with obesity. Challenges include the identification of appropriate cut-off values for phenotypic criteria (unintentional weight loss, low body mass index and muscle mass) and aetiological criteria such as reduced food intake and inflammation for the population with obesity. Overall, this review emphasises the need for modified screening tools and diagnostic criteria to recognise and assess malnutrition in obesity, leading to improved clinical outcomes and overall wellbeing.
A single-layer multimode high gain circularly polarized metasurface antenna using CMA for C-band applications
Authors: Gangwar Deepak , Sharma Ankit 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis article presents an innovative design for a low-profile, high-gain circularly polarized (CP) antenna using a single-layer metasurface (MTS). The proposed design incorporates an MTS layer, comprising a 4 × 4 array of hexagonal-shaped patches, printed on the top layer of the substrate. The bottom layer features a coplanar waveguide-fed slotted ground. Circular polarization and broadside radiation are achieved through the application of characteristic mode analysis (CMA). CMA is employed to simultaneously excite desired modes, aiming for wideband circular polarization and gain enhancement. Experimental results validate the effectiveness of the design, with compact dimensions of 0.67λ0 × 0.67λ0 × 0.04λ0. The measurements demonstrate an impressive impedance bandwidth of 84.3% within the 3.7–9.1 GHz. Additionally, a 3-dB axial ratio bandwidth of 18.6% is observed between 4.96 and 5.98 GHz and 3.74% between 8.38 and 8.7 GHz. The antenna exhibits excellent radiation pattern characteristics, featuring a maximum gain of 10.08 dBi at 7.1 GHz. The radiation pattern is symmetrical with broadside directionality, making the antenna well-suited for sensing applications.
Cost-effectiveness of early intervention in psychosis in low- and middle-income countries: economic evaluation from São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Aceituno D. , Razzouk D. , Jin H. , Pennington M. , Gadelha A. , Bressan R. , Noto C. , Crossley N. , Prina M. ,   for the ANDES Network
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Aims
The effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of early intervention for psychosis (EIP) services are well established in high-income countries but not in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Despite the scarcity of local evidence, several EIP services have been implemented in LMICs. Local evaluations are warranted before adopting speciality models of care in LMICs. We aimed to estimate the cost-effectiveness of implementing EIP services in Brazil.

Methods
A model-based economic evaluation of EIP services was conducted from the Brazilian healthcare system perspective. A Markov model was developed using a cohort study conducted in São Paulo. Cost data were retrieved from local sources. The outcome of interest was the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) measured as the incremental costs over the incremental quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs). Sensitivity analyses were performed to test the robustness of the results.

Results
The study included 357 participants (38% female), with a mean (SD) age of 26 (7.38) years. According to the model, implementing EIP services in Brazil would result in a mean incremental cost of 4,478 Brazilian reals (R$) and a mean incremental benefit of 0.29 QALYs. The resulting ICER of R$ 15,495 (US dollar [USD] 7,640 adjusted for purchase power parity [PPP]) per QALY can be considered cost-effective at a willingness-to-pay threshold of 1 Gross domestic product (GDP) per capita (R$ 18,254; USD 9,000 PPP adjusted). The model results were robust to sensitivity analyses.

Conclusions
This study supports the economic advantages of implementing EIP services in Brazil. Although cultural adaptations are required, these data suggest EIP services might be cost-effective even in less-resourced countries.
Maize Cultivation Three Hundred Years Ago Triggered Severe Rocky Desertification in Southwest China
Authors: Yue Yuemin , Hao Xiudong , Wang Lu , Yuan Shuai , Ouyang Xuhong , Zhang Xinbao , Liu Hongyan , Wang Kelin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractUnderstanding the forest evolution is vital to answering the reforestation potential in karst areas. Here, we present the first‐ever pollen record in karst depression sediment, combined with comprehensive dating methods (137Cs, 210Pbex, and 14C) and historical documents, to reveal plant change history in southwest Guangxi, a severe rocky‐desertification region. We inferred three stages of “virgin forest–deforestation–sparse tree planting” over the past three centuries. Before the 1780s, the barren mountains used to be a lush mixed broadleaf forest probably. However, maize cultivation, along with explosive population growth and migration, accelerated mountain reclamation and deforestation, leading to severe rocky desertification since the 1780s, featured by the co‐occurrence of Zea pollen appearance and Dicranopteris spore surge from 0.92% to 12.18%. Since the 1930s, sparse tree planting began, as Cupressaceae/Taxodiaceae pollen abruptly increased by 32%. Our study is significant in understanding the rocky desertification causes and guiding ecological restoration in the region.
Modulation of Annual Rossby Waves on the Formation of Basin‐Wide Salinity Fronts
Authors: Zhu Jiechao , Zhang Yuhong , Huang Ke , Xia Yifan , Du Yan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study reveals the formation mechanisms of a group of salinity fronts across the Arabian Sea (AS) and explores their associations with annual Rossby waves, utilizing Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) satellite data and other relevant data sets. As low‐salinity water is transported westward and northward at varying rates between 6°N ∼ 20°N, substantial basin‐wide northeast‐southwest oriented salinity fronts emerge at its leading edge from March to May. Further analysis indicates a strong correlation between the transport of low‐salinity water and the westward‐propagating Rossby waves. The salinity fronts are primarily influenced by the geostrophic circulation, which significantly contributes to the transport of low‐salinity water. As a result, the low‐salinity water closely aligns with positive sea level anomaly (SLA), representing westward propagating downwelling Rossby waves. A continuously stratified linear ocean model (LOM) analysis suggests second mode baroclinic Rossby waves dominate seasonal sea level changes, surpassing the influence of the first mode. The spatial mean standard deviation of the first mode within the region of 56 ∼ 75°E, 9 ∼ 11°N is approximately 60% that of the second mode. Positive SLA is mainly caused by the annual downwelling Rossby waves radiating from the eastern boundary. Due to the latitudinal decrease in the phase speed of the annual Rossby waves, the sea level fronts manifest the northeast‐southwest direction, resembling the location of the sea surface salinity fronts. The salinity fronts highlight the crucial role of Rossby waves in shaping upper ocean water mass distribution in the AS, potentially impacting the broader Indian Ocean climate.
Reactive Transport Modeling for Exploring the Potential of Water Quality Sensors to Estimate Hydrocarbon Levels in Groundwater
Authors: Wu C. L. R. , Wagterveld R. M. , van Breukelen B. M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPetroleum products have contaminated groundwater with harmful organic compounds, such as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX). Collecting and analyzing polluted groundwater samples is expensive and undertaken infrequently. However, quick remedial action in case of unexpected events requires continuous monitoring. In‐situ water quality sensors (pH, EC, DO, ORP) may show correlations with the components of dissolved petroleum hydrocarbon (PHC) such as aromatics and non‐volatile mobile fractions. Correlations are prerequisite to ultimately develop real‐time prediction models. Since suitable field data sets are limited, we simulated the fate of hydrocarbons in groundwater under various realistic conditions using a reactive transport model as novel approach to explore when, where, and why correlations occur. A stationary oil source zone continuously dissolved at the top of a heterogeneous and shallow sandy aquifer over a two‐dimensional cross‐section. Our model considered transient conditions (fluctuating water table) and spatially uniform hydrogeochemical composition. We observed a strong correlation between PHCs and water quality sensors (rolling Spearman's correlation > |0.8|) at varying periods. These correlations are strongly affected by the location of observation wells, the aquifer's hydraulic conductivity, and the availability of calcite and oxide minerals, and other electron acceptors. DO and ORP are significant for the early detection of hydrocarbon contamination, whereas pH and EC are important features for the long‐term monitoring of hydrocarbons. Our findings lay the foundation for the subsequent development of a data analysis model to detect and estimate in real time PHC levels in groundwater using in‐situ water quality sensors.
Acceleration of Deep Subsurface Fluid Fluxes in the Anthropocene
Authors: Ferguson Grant , Bailey Lydia R. , Kim Ji‐Hyun , Osburn Magdalena R. , Reiners Peter W. , Drake Henrik , Stevenson Bradley S. , McIntosh Jennifer C. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe Anthropocene has been framed around humanity's impact on atmospheric, biologic, and near‐surface processes, such as land use and vegetation change, greenhouse gas emissions, and the above‐ground hydrologic cycle. Groundwater extraction has lowered water tables in many key aquifers but comparatively little attention has been given to the impacts in the deeper subsurface. Here, we show that fluid fluxes from the extraction and injection of fluids associated with oil and gas production and inflow of water into mines likely exceed background flow rates in deep (>500 m) groundwater systems at a global scale. Projected carbon capture and sequestration (CCS), geothermal energy production, and lithium extraction to facilitate the energy transition will require fluid production rates exceeding current oil and co‐produced water extraction. Natural analogs and geochemical modeling indicate that subsurface fluid manipulation in the Anthropocene will likely appear in the rock record. The magnitude and importance of these changes are unclear, due to a lack of understanding of how deep subsurface hydrologic and geochemical cycles and associated microbial life interact with the rest of the Earth system.
Targeting pathogenic CD8+ tissue-resident T cells with chimeric antigen receptor therapy in murine autoimmune cholangitis
Authors: Zhu Hao-Xian , Yang Shu-Han , Gao Cai-Yue , Bian Zhen-Hua , Chen Xiao-Min , Huang Rong-Rong , Meng Qian-Li , Li Xin , Jin Haosheng , Tsuneyama Koichi , Han Ying , Li Liang , Zhao Zhi-Bin , Gershwin M. Eric , Lian Zhe-Xiong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPrimary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a cholestatic autoimmune liver disease characterized by autoreactive T cell response against intrahepatic small bile ducts. Here, we use Il12b-/-Il2ra-/- mice (DKO mice) as a model of autoimmune cholangitis and demonstrate that Cd8a knockout or treatment with an anti-CD8α antibody prevents/reduces biliary immunopathology. Using single-cell RNA sequencing analysis, we identified CD8+ tissue-resident memory T (Trm) cells in the livers of DKO mice, which highly express activation- and cytotoxicity-associated markers and induce apoptosis of bile duct epithelial cells. Liver CD8+ Trm cells also upregulate the expression of several immune checkpoint molecules, including PD-1. We describe the development of a chimeric antigen receptor to target PD-1-expressing CD8+ Trm cells. Treatment of DKO mice with PD-1-targeting CAR-T cells selectively depleted liver CD8+ Trm cells and alleviated autoimmune cholangitis. Our work highlights the pathogenic role of CD8+ Trm cells and the potential therapeutic usage of PD-1-targeting CAR-T cells.
Seeding the meiotic DNA break machinery and initiating recombination on chromosome axes
Authors: Dereli Ihsan , Telychko Vladyslav , Papanikos Frantzeskos , Raveendran Kavya , Xu Jiaqi , Boekhout Michiel , Stanzione Marcello , Neuditschko Benjamin , Imjeti Naga Sailaja , Selezneva Elizaveta , Tuncay Hasibe , Demir Sevgican , Giannattasio Teresa , Gentzel Marc , Bondarieva Anastasiia , Stevense Michelle , Barchi Marco , Schnittger Arp , Weir John R. , Herzog Franz , Keeney Scott , Tóth Attila 
Published: April 2024

AbstractProgrammed DNA double-strand break (DSB) formation is a crucial feature of meiosis in most organisms. DSBs initiate recombination-mediated linking of homologous chromosomes, which enables correct chromosome segregation in meiosis. DSBs are generated on chromosome axes by heterooligomeric focal clusters of DSB-factors. Whereas DNA-driven protein condensation is thought to assemble the DSB-machinery, its targeting to chromosome axes is poorly understood. We uncover in mice that efficient biogenesis of DSB-machinery clusters requires seeding by axial IHO1 platforms. Both IHO1 phosphorylation and formation of axial IHO1 platforms are diminished by chemical inhibition of DBF4-dependent kinase (DDK), suggesting that DDK contributes to the control of the axial DSB-machinery. Furthermore, we show that axial IHO1 platforms are based on an interaction between IHO1 and the chromosomal axis component HORMAD1. IHO1-HORMAD1-mediated seeding of the DSB-machinery on axes ensures sufficiency of DSBs for efficient pairing of homologous chromosomes. Without IHO1-HORMAD1 interaction, residual DSBs depend on ANKRD31, which enhances both the seeding and the growth of DSB-machinery clusters. Thus, recombination initiation is ensured by complementary pathways that differentially support seeding and growth of DSB-machinery clusters, thereby synergistically enabling DSB-machinery condensation on chromosomal axes.
LaMg6Ga6S16: a chemical stable divalent lanthanide chalcogenide
Authors: Zhang Yujie , Chen Jiale , Li Kaixuan , Wu Hongping , Hu Zhanggui , Wang Jiyang , Wu Yicheng , Yu Hongwei 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDivalent lanthanide inorganic compounds can exhibit unique electronic configurations and physicochemical properties, yet their synthesis remains a great challenge because of the weak chemical stability. To the best of our knowledge, although several lanthanide monoxides epitaxial thin films have been reported, there is no chemically stable crystalline divalent lanthanide chalcogenide synthesized up to now. Herein, by using octahedra coupling tetrahedra single/double chains to construct an octahedral crystal field, we synthesized the stable crystalline La(II)-chalcogenide, LaMg6Ga6S16. The nature of the divalent La2+ cations can be identified by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray absorption near-edge structure and electron paramagnetic resonance, while the stability is confirmed by the differential thermal scanning, in-situ variable-temperature powder X-ray diffraction and a series of solid-state reactions. Owing to the particular electronic characteristics of La2+(5d1), LaMg6Ga6S16 displays an ultrabroad-band green emission at 500 nm, which is the inaugural instance of La(II)-based compounds demonstrating luminescent properties. Furthermore, as LaMg6Ga6S16 crystallizes in the non-centrosymmetric space group, P−6, it is the second-harmonic generation (SHG) active, possessing a comparable SHG response with classical AgGaS2. In consideration of its wider band gap (Eg = 3.0 eV) and higher laser-induced damage threshold (5×AgGaS2), LaMg6Ga6S16 is also a promising nonlinear optical material.
Compensatory growth and recovery of cartilage cytoarchitecture after transient cell death in fetal mouse limbs
Authors: Ho H’ng Chee , Amarasinghe Shanika L. , Zhang Boya , Chang Hojin , Qu Xinli , Powell David R. , Rosello-Diez Alberto 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA major question in developmental and regenerative biology is how organ size and architecture are controlled by progenitor cells. While limb bones exhibit catch-up growth (recovery of a normal growth trajectory after transient developmental perturbation), it is unclear how this emerges from the behaviour of chondroprogenitors, the cells sustaining the cartilage anlagen that are progressively replaced by bone. Here we show that transient sparse cell death in the mouse fetal cartilage is repaired postnatally, via a two-step process. During injury, progression of chondroprogenitors towards more differentiated states is delayed, leading to altered cartilage cytoarchitecture and impaired bone growth. Then, once cell death is over, chondroprogenitor differentiation is accelerated and cartilage structure recovered, including partial rescue of bone growth. At the molecular level, ectopic activation of mTORC1 correlates with, and is necessary for, part of the recovery, revealing a specific candidate to be explored during normal growth and in future therapies.
Senescent-like macrophages mediate angiogenesis for endplate sclerosis via IL-10 secretion in male mice
Authors: Fan Yonggang , Zhang Weixin , Huang Xiusheng , Fan Mingzhe , Shi Chenhao , Zhao Lantian , Pi Guofu , Zhang Huafeng , Ni Shuangfei 
Published: April 2024

AbstractEndplate sclerosis is a notable aspect of spine degeneration or aging, but the mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we report that senescent macrophages accumulate in the sclerotic endplates of lumbar spine instability (LSI) or aging male mouse model. Specifically, knockout of cdkn2a (p16) in macrophages abrogates LSI or aging-induced angiogenesis and sclerosis in the endplates. Furthermore, both in vivo and in vitro studies indicate that IL-10 is the primary elevated cytokine of senescence-related secretory phenotype (SASP). Mechanistically, IL-10 increases pSTAT3 in endothelial cells, leading to pSTAT3 directly binding to the promoters of Vegfa, Mmp2, and Pdgfb to encourage their production, resulting in angiogenesis. This study provides information on understanding the link between immune senescence and endplate sclerosis, which might be useful for therapeutic approaches.