bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The prevalence of early contained vascular injury of spleen
Authors: Koskinen Seppo K. , Alagic Z. , Enocson A. , Kistner A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractContained vascular injuries (CVI) of spleen include pseudoaneurysms (PSA) and arterio-venous fistulae (AV-fistulae), and their reported prevalence varies. Our purpose was to assess the prevalence of early splenic CVI seen on admission CT in patients with splenic trauma admitted to a single level 1 trauma center in 2013–2021, and its detection in different CT protocols. A retrospective, single-center longitudinal cohort study. Nine-year data (2013–2021) of all patients with suspected or manifest abdominal trauma were retrieved. All patients, > 15 years with an ICD code for splenic trauma (S36.0XX) were included. CT and angiographic examinations were identified. Reports and images were reviewed. Splenic CVI CT criterion was a focal collection of vascular contrast that decreases in attenuation with delayed imaging. Number of CVIs and treatment was based on medical records and/or available angioembolization data. Of 2805 patients with abdominal trauma, 313 patients (313/2805; 11.2%) fulfilled the study entry criteria. 256 patients (256/313; 81.8%) had a CT examination. Sixteen patients had splenectomy before CT, and the final study group included 240 patients (240/313; 76.7%). Median New Injury Severity Score (NISS) was 27 and 87.5% of patients had NISS > 15. Splenic CVI was found in 20 patients, which yields a prevalence of 8.3% (20/240; 95% CI 5.2–12.6%). In those cases with both late arterial and venous phase images available, CVI was seen in 14.5% of cases (18/124, 95% CI 8.6–22.0%). None of the patients with CVI died within 30 days of the injury. The prevalence of early splenic CVI in patients with a splenic trauma was 8.3–14.5% (95% CI 5.2–22.0%). Our data suggests that both arterial and venous phase are needed for CT diagnosis. The 30-day outcome in terms of mortality was good.
The development of working life expectancy without musculoskeletal diseases against the backdrop of extended working lives
Authors: Tetzlaff Juliane , Epping Jelena , Stahmeyer Jona Theodor , Liebers Falk , Hegewald Janice , Sperlich Stefanie , Beller Johannes , Tetzlaff Fabian 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMusculoskeletal diseases (MSDs) are a major predictor of early retirement. Against the backdrop of the extension of working life, we investigated time trends and educational inequalities in years spent in the labour market free of MSD. Based on German statutory health insurance data (N = 3,405,673), total life years free of MSD (Healthy Life Expectancy, HLE) and years spent in the labour force free of MSD (Healthy Working Life Expectancy, HWLE) were estimated for three periods (2006–2008, 2011–2013, 2016–2018) using multistate analyses. Educational inequalities (8 to 11 vs. 12 or more years of schooling) are reported for 2011–2013. HLE decreased slightly over time in all genders. HWLE in women increased, while it remained rather constant in men. Over time, the share of years in the labour force spent free of MSD declined continuously. People with lower education had lower HLE and HWLE than individuals with higher education. With respect to musculoskeletal diseases, the increase in disease-free working life years cannot keep pace with the extension of working life, resulting in an increasing proportion of years spent in impaired musculoskeletal health in the labour market. Effective prevention strategies are needed, focusing especially on individuals with lower educational attainment.
Exploring the adverse effect of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) on wildland firefighters’ pulmonary function and DNA damage
Authors: Panumasvivat Jinjuta , Sapbamrer Ratana , Sittitoon Nalin , Khacha-ananda Supakit , Kiratipaisarl Wuttipat , Sirikul Wachiranun , Insian Wittawat , Assavanopakun Pheerasak 
Published: April 2024

AbstractChiang Mai encounters severe pollution during the wildfire season. Wildland firefighters encounter various hazards while engaged in fire suppression operations, which encompass significant exposure to elevated concentrations of air pollutants resulting from combustion, especially particulate matter. The adverse effects of wildfire smoke on respiratory health are a significant concern. The objective of this study was to examine the potential adverse effects of PM2.5 exposure on the respiratory function and DNA damage of wildland firefighters. This prospective cohort study conducted in Chiang Mai from January to May 2022 planned to evaluate the health status of wildland firefighters during the pre-peak, peak, and post-peak ambient air pollution seasons. The measurement of PM2.5 was done at every forest fire station, as well as utilizing data from the Pollution Control Department. Participants received general health examinations, spirometry evaluations, and blood tests for DNA damage analysis. Pair t-tests and multiple regression models were used to examine the connection between pulmonary function parameters (FVC, FEV1) and PM2.5 concentration, with a significance level of P < 0.05. Thirty-three peak-season and twenty-one post-peak-season participants were enrolled. Four pre-peak-season wildland firefighters had FVC and FEV1 declines of > 15%. Multiple regression analysis showed a negative association between PM2.5 exposure and FVC% predicted (− 2.81%, 95% CI − 5.27 to − 0.34%, P = 0.027) and a marginally significant negative correlation with FVC (− 114.38 ml, 95% CI − 230.36 to 1.59 ml, P = 0.053). The remaining pulmonary measures showed a statistically insignificant decline. There were no significant changes in DNA damage detected. Wildland firefighters suffered a significant decline in pulmonary function associated with PM2.5 exposure. Spirometry is crucial for monitoring and promptly identifying respiratory issues that occur during wildfire seasons. Further research is recommended to explore DNA damage alterations and their potential association with PM2.5.
Unraveling the evolutionary origin of the complex Nuclear Receptor Element (cNRE), a cis-regulatory module required for preferential expression in the atrial chamber
Authors: Nunes Santos Luana , Sousa Costa Ângela Maria , Nikolov Martin , Carvalho João E. , Coelho Sampaio Allysson , Stockdale Frank E. , Wang Gang Feng , Andrade Castillo Hozana , Bortoletto Grizante Mariana , Dudczig Stefanie , Vasconcelos Michelle , Rosenthal Nadia , Jusuf Patricia Regina , Nim Hieu T. , de Oliveira Paulo , Guimarães de Freitas Matos Tatiana , Nikovits William , Tambones Izabella Luisa , Figueira Ana Carolina Migliorini , Schubert Michael , Ramialison Mirana , Xavier-Neto José 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCardiac function requires appropriate proteins in each chamber. Atria requires slow myosin to act as reservoirs, while ventricles demand fast myosin for swift pumping. Myosins are thus under chamber-biased cis-regulation, with myosin gene expression imbalances leading to congenital heart dysfunction. To identify regulatory inputs leading to cardiac chamber-biased expression, we computationally and molecularly dissected the quail Slow Myosin Heavy Chain III (SMyHC III) promoter that drives preferential expression to the atria. We show that SMyHC III gene states are orchestrated by a complex Nuclear Receptor Element (cNRE) of 32 base pairs. Using transgenesis in zebrafish and mice, we demonstrate that preferential atrial expression is achieved by a combinatorial regulatory input composed of atrial activation motifs and ventricular repression motifs. Using comparative genomics, we show that the cNRE might have emerged from an endogenous viral element through infection of an ancestral host germline, revealing an evolutionary pathway to cardiac chamber-specific expression.
LTK mutations responsible for resistance to lorlatinib in non-small cell lung cancer harboring CLIP1-LTK fusion
Authors: Mori Shunta , Izumi Hiroki , Araki Mitsugu , Liu Jie , Tanaka Yu , Kagawa Yosuke , Sagae Yukari , Ma Biao , Isaka Yuta , Sasakura Yoko , Kumagai Shogo , Sakae Yuta , Tanaka Kosuke , Shibata Yuji , Udagawa Hibiki , Matsumoto Shingo , Yoh Kiyotaka , Okuno Yasushi , Goto Koichi , Kobayashi Susumu S. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe CLIP1-LTK fusion was recently discovered as a novel oncogenic driver in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Lorlatinib, a third-generation ALK inhibitor, exhibited a dramatic clinical response in a NSCLC patient harboring CLIP1-LTK fusion. However, it is expected that acquired resistance will inevitably develop, particularly by LTK mutations, as observed in NSCLC induced by oncogenic tyrosine kinases treated with corresponding tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). In this study, we evaluate eight LTK mutations corresponding to ALK mutations that lead to on-target resistance to lorlatinib. All LTK mutations show resistance to lorlatinib with the L650F mutation being the highest. In vitro and in vivo analyses demonstrate that gilteritinib can overcome the L650F-mediated resistance to lorlatinib. In silico analysis suggests that introduction of the L650F mutation may attenuate lorlatinib-LTK binding. Our study provides preclinical evaluations of potential on-target resistance mutations to lorlatinib, and a novel strategy to overcome the resistance.
A comprehensive study on the aerodynamic influence of stationary and moving obstacles on an isolated phantom DJI 3 UAV propeller
Authors: Hage Charbel , Sophy Tonino , Aglzim El Hassane 
Published: April 2024

AbstractUnmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology is experiencing strong growth in many fields such as military and civil. When operating around obstacles and in the proximity of walls or moving objects, the UAV is constrained to thrust and power consumption variation induced by several aerodynamic effects that can lead to severe flight instability. In this paper, a methodology based on multiple reference frames (MRF) is developed and applied to computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations on a Phantom DJI 3 propeller to reproduce the effect of fixed and moving wall proximity on the propeller aerodynamic performances. When hovering (3000 rpm) at 0.2 m above a moving obstacle (15 m/s), the results have shown a huge decrease in the thrust by 11.3% when compared to fixed obstacle thrust. This effect, however, is reduced when the propeller is hovering at 5000 rpm and neglected at 9550 rpm. Finally, the moving obstacle had a significant impact on the propeller's aerodynamic performance, resulting in a decrease in thrust force and power consumption at low hovering rotational velocities. Especially, when the obstacle is moving at a fast speed, the UAV could properly use high rotational velocity to maintain high power loading and ensure hovering stability.
BrutNet: A novel approach for violence detection and classification using DCNN with GRU
Authors: Haque Mahmudul , Nyeem Hussain , Afsha Syma 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAutomatic Violence Detection and Classification (AVDC) with deep learning has garnered significant attention in computer vision research. This paper presents a novel approach for combining a custom Deep Convolutional Neural Network (DCNN) with a Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) in developing a new AVDC model called BrutNet. Specifically, a time‐distributed DCNN (TD‐DCNN) is developed to generate a compact 2D representation with 512 spatial features per frame from a set of equally‐spaced frames of dimension 16090 in short video segments. Further to leverage the temporal information, a GRU layer is utilised, generating a condensed 1D vector that enables binary classification of violent or non‐violent content through multiple dense layers. Overfitting is addressed by incorporating dropout layers with a rate of 0.5, while the hidden and output layers employ rectified linear unit (ReLU) and sigmoid activations, respectively. The model is trained on the NVIDIA Tesla K80 GPU through Google Colab, demonstrating superior performance compared to existing models across various video datasets, including hockey fights, movie fights, AVD, and RWF‐2000. Notably, the model stands out by requiring only 3.416 million parameters and achieving impressive test accuracies of 97.62%, 100%, 97.22%, and 86.43% on the respective datasets. Thus, BrutNet exhibits the potential to emerge as a highly efficient and robust AVDC model in support of greater public safety, content moderation and censorship, computer‐aided investigations, and law enforcement.
Besonderheiten und Fallstricke bei der Beschallung der
hirnversorgenden Gefäße – Teil 2
Authors: Böhme Frank 
Published: April 2024

ZusammenfassungDie doppler-/duplexsonographische Untersuchung der hirnversorgenden Gefäße ist
neben den Methoden CT-/MRT-Angiographie eine qualitative hochwertige Diagnostik,
vor allem im Zusammenspiel mit den eben genannten bildgebenden Verfahren. Die
Aussagekraft und Qualität einer Ultraschall-Diagnostik hängt im Wesentlichen von
den technischen Voraussetzungen und persönlichen Fähigkeiten ab und vor allem
von der zur Verfügung stehenden Untersuchungszeit. In dieser Artikelserie werden
Ihnen Besonderheiten und Fallstricke erläutert und Lösungsansätze angeboten.
Einfluss des Patientenalters auf Parameter der
Elektroneurographie
Authors: Kleinveld Vera , Eggers Christian , Löscher Wolfgang , Sick Cristina Cerinza 
Published: April 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Normwerte dienen in der technisch-medizinischen Diagnostik zur
Unterscheidung zwischen krank und gesund. Physiologische Parameter unterliegen
jedoch auch im Falle eines gesunden Alterns Veränderungen. In der Neurographie
peripherer Nerven existieren Referenzwerte; diese aber wurden kaum an Menschen
im mittleren und hohen Erwachsenenalter erstellt und sind damit nicht
altersspezifisch.
Ziel: Darstellung und Spezifizierung der Altersabhängigkeit von
Funktionsparametern peripherer Nerven in gesunden Individuen durch
Literaturübersicht und anhand neurographischer Untersuchungen an einem eigenen
Kollektiv.
Methoden: Wir untersuchten motorisch die Nn. medianus, ulnaris, peronaeus
und tibialis; sensibel die Nn. medianus, ulnaris und suralis. Wir erhoben die
Parameter distal motorische Latenz (DML), Amplitude und Dauer des motorischen
bzw. sensiblen Aktionspotentials (CMAP bzw. SNAP), die Nervenleitgeschwindigkeit
(NLG) und die F-Latenz. "Gesundheit" in Bezug auf das periphere
Nervensystem wurde definiert als Beschwerdefreiheit und Abwesenheit solcher
Erkrankungen bzw. Expositionen, die zu Neuropathien disponieren. Die Probanden
waren bezüglich des peripheren Nervensystems im Alltag uneingeschränkt
funktionsfähig. Sie wurden in vier Altersklassen aufgeteilt: 18–39, 40–59, 60–79
und > 80 Jahre (bis 93 Jahre). Die Literaturübersicht erfolgte anhand von
Artikeln nach Suche in PubMed mit geeigneten Suchstrategien.
Ergebnisse: In jeder Altersklasse wurden etwa 20 Probanden untersucht. Mit
Abstand die stärkste Abhängigkeit vom Alter zeigten die motorischen und
sensiblen Amplituden, gefolgt von der NLG und den F-Latenzen. Ein nur geringer
Einfluss fand sich auf die DML und praktisch kein Einfluss auf die Dauer des
CMAP bzw. des SNAP. Die Veränderungen gingen sämtlich in die Richtung einer
teils deutlich schlechteren Funktion mit höherem Alter.
Schlussfolgerungen: Unsere Arbeit zur Altersabhängigkeit neurographischer
Parameter erbrachte in Übereinstimmung mit der Literatur ausgeprägte
altersassoziierte Veränderungen; dies in hohem Maße für die
Reizantwortamplituden und deutlich für die NLG und die F-Latenzen.Zur Vermeidung einer die Patienten und das Gesundheitssystem unnötig belastenden
Pathologisierung empfehlen wir die Anwendung altersspezifischer Referenzwerte in
der Elektroneurographie.
Einfluss des Patientenalters auf die Befunde im Nerven- und
Muskelultraschall
Authors: Fisse Anna Lena , Michail Michalis , Schäfer Emelie , Pitarokoili Kalliopi , Krogias Christos 
Published: April 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Ultraschall-Bildgebung hat sich als wichtige Ergänzung zu
elektrophysiologischen Verfahren bei Beurteilung neuromuskulärer Erkrankungen
etabliert. Im Kindes- und Jugendalter kann mittels Ultraschalls das Wachstum von
Nerven und Muskeln dargestellt werden, während altersbedingte Veränderungen der
Nervenstruktur und Muskelechogenität minimal sind. Ab dem Erwachsenenalter sind
die altersabhängigen Veränderungen der Nervengröße und Nervenstruktur gering.
Der altersbedingte Verlust an Muskelmasse wird als Sarkopenie bezeichnet und
kann als Abnahme der Muskeldicke im Ultraschall dargestellt werden, während die
Muskelechogenität im höheren Alter zunimmt und Faszikulationen zunehmen. Das
Lebensalter sollte daher bei der Interpretation von Nerven- und
Muskelultraschallbefunden im klinischen Kontext unbedingt berücksichtigt
werden.
Alter und Neurodegeneration in der Bildgebung
Authors: Bischof Gérard , Hoenig Merle 
Published: April 2024

ZusammenfassungDas Wort „Altern“ nutzen wir in unserem alltäglichen Leben als einfachen Begriff
zur Beschreibung von Veränderungen, die mit der Zeit auftreten. Das Wort stammt
von den germanischen Ableitungen „ala“ - „wachsen, nähren“ und *aldra -
„Lebensalter“. Somit umfasst der Begriff des Alterns einen multifaktoriellen
Prozess, der im frühen und mittleren Lebensalter durch das „Wachsen und Nährens“
des Gehirns geprägt ist, und im späteren Lebensalter durch degenerative
Prozesse, welche wiederrum durch die Ansammlung von altersbedingten Proteinen
und dem Absterben von Neuronen bedingt sind. Zwar unterliegt jeder Mensch
solchen Alterungsprozessen, jedoch resultieren sie dennoch in einer hohen
interindividuellen Varianz des Gehirnalterns und der kognitiven Fähigkeiten.
Eine extreme Abweichung vom normalen Gehirnalterungsprozess stellt dabei das
pathologische Altern dar, wie zum Beispiel bei der Alzheimer Erkrankung. Im
Gegenzug gibt es Individuen, bei denen der Gehirnalterungsprozess scheinbar
verlangsamt ist und welche trotz eines sehr hohen Alters weiterhin die
kognitiven Fähigkeiten von jüngeren Personen aufweisen, sogenannte „Super-Ager“.
Im Folgenden werden wir dieses Kontinuum des Gehirnalterungsprozesses
beschreiben sowie die Bildgebungsmethoden, die bereits verwendet werden, um die
zugrundeliegenden Mechanismen zu untersuchen.
Typische neuropsychologische Veränderungen des Alterns. Was ist
physiologisch, was ist pathologisch und welche Einflussmöglichkeiten haben
wir?
Authors: Merkel Nina Barbara , Conradi Nadine 
Published: April 2024

ZusammenfassungMit zunehmender Lebenserwartung steigt auch der der Anteil älterer Menschen in
der Bevölkerung. Damit wird auch die Frage nach der Veränderung von Kognition im
Alter, sowie Möglichkeiten der Einflussnahme auf eine Abnahme kognitiver
Fähigkeiten wichtiger. In diesem Artikel werden die neuropsychologischen
Fähigkeiten, die unterschieden werden können sowie Möglichkeiten, diese zu
quantifizieren (mit neuropsychologischen Methoden) beschrieben. Dabei wird
besonders auf die Trennung zwischen „normaler Veränderung“ und „krankhafter
Veränderung“ eingegangen. Desweiteren werden relevante physiologischen
Mechanismen, die hinter den Alterungsprozessen stehen beschrieben, sowie auf die
Heterogenität und Möglicheiten der individuellen Einflussnahme eingegangen.
Centralized Multipatient Dashboards' Impact on Intensive Care Unit Clinician Performance and Satisfaction: A Systematic Review
Authors: Strechen Inna , Herasevich Svetlana , Barwise Amelia , Garcia-Mendez Juan , Rovati Lucrezia , Pickering Brian , Diedrich Daniel , Herasevich Vitaly 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background Intensive care unit (ICU) clinicians encounter frequent challenges with managing vast amounts of fragmented data while caring for multiple critically ill patients simultaneously. This may lead to increased provider cognitive load that may jeopardize patient safety.
Objectives This systematic review assesses the impact of centralized multipatient dashboards on ICU clinician performance, perceptions regarding the use of these tools, and patient outcomes.
Methods A literature search was conducted on February 9, 2023, using the EBSCO CINAHL, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase, IEEE Xplore, MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science Core Collection databases. Eligible studies that included ICU clinicians as participants and tested the effect of dashboards designed for use by multiple users to manage multiple patients on user performance and/or satisfaction compared with the standard practice. We narratively synthesized eligible studies following the SWiM (Synthesis Without Meta-analysis) guidelines. Studies were grouped based on dashboard type and outcomes assessed.
Results The search yielded a total of 2,407 studies. Five studies met inclusion criteria and were included. Among these, three studies evaluated interactive displays in the ICU, one study assessed two dashboards in the pediatric ICU (PICU), and one study examined centralized monitor in the PICU. Most studies reported several positive outcomes, including reductions in data gathering time before rounds, a decrease in misrepresentations during multidisciplinary rounds, improved daily documentation compliance, faster decision-making, and user satisfaction. One study did not report any significant association.
Conclusion The multipatient dashboards were associated with improved ICU clinician performance and were positively perceived in most of the included studies. The risk of bias was high, and the certainty of evidence was very low, due to inconsistencies, imprecision, indirectness in the outcome measure, and methodological limitations. Designing and evaluating multipatient tools using robust research methodologies is an important focus for future research.
The Value of SINO Robot and Angio Render Technology for Stereoelectroencephalography Electrode Implantation in Drug-Resistant Epilepsy
Authors: Dai Yihai , Jiang Rifeng , Zhang Jingyi , Qian Zhe , Chen Zhen , Shi Songsheng , Song Shiwei 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background Stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) electrodes are implanted using a variety of stereotactic technologies to treat refractory epilepsy. The value of the SINO robot for SEEG electrode implantation is not yet defined. The aim of the current study was to assess the value of the SINO robot in conjunction with Angio Render technology for SEEG electrode implantation and to assess its efficacy.
Methods Between June 2018 and October 2020, 58 patients underwent SEEG electrode implantation to resect or ablate their epileptogenic zone (EZ). The SINO robot and the Angio Render technology was used to guide the electrodes and visualize the individual vasculature in a three-dimensional (3D) fashion. The 3D view functionality was used to increase the safety and accuracy of the electrode implantation, and for reducing the risk of hemorrhage by avoiding blood vessels.
Results In this study, 634 SEEG electrodes were implanted in 58 patients, with a mean of 10.92 (range: 5–18) leads per patient. The mean entry point localization error (EPLE) was 0.94 ± 0.23 mm (range: 0.39–1.63 mm), and the mean target point localization error (TPLE) was 1.49 ± 0.37 mm (range: 0.80–2.78 mm). The mean operating time per lead (MOTPL) was 6. 18 ± 1.80 minutes (range: 3.02–14.61 minutes). The mean depth of electrodes was 56.96 ± 3.62 mm (range: 27.23–124.85 mm). At a follow-up of at least 1 year, in total, 81.57% (47/58) patients achieved an Engel class I seizure freedom. There were two patients with asymptomatic intracerebral hematomas following SEEG electrode placement, with no late complications or mortality in this cohort.
Conclusions The SINO robot in conjunction with Angio Render technology-in SEEG electrode implantation is safe and accurate in mitigating the risk of intracranial hemorrhage in patients suffering from drug-resistant epilepsy.