bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In vitro protective effect of Rhodiola rosea extract against hypochlorous acid‐induced oxidative damage in human erythrocytes
Authors: De Sanctis Roberta , De Bellis Roberta , Scesa Carla , Mancini Umberto , Cucchiarini Luigi , Dachà Marina 
Published: December 2008

AbstractRhodiola rosea L. (Crassulaceae) is a plant living at high altitudes in Europe and Asia. Its roots have long been used in the traditional medical system of these geographical areas to increase the organism resistance to physical stress; today, it has become an important component of many dietary supplements. In this study we investigate the antioxidant capacity of the R. rosea aqueous extract evaluating its ability to counteract some of the main damages induced by hypochlorous acid (HOCl), a powerful oxidant generated by activated phagocytes, to human erythrocytes. Ascorbic acid was used as a reference substance because of its physiological HOCl‐scavenging ability. Our study demonstrates that R. rosea is able to significantly protect, in a dose‐dependent manner, human RBC from glutathione (GSH) depletion, glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) inactivation and hemolysis induced by the oxidant. Furthermore, we demonstrate that R. rosea aqueous extract acts from the inside of the erythrocyte suggesting a probable involving of cell components. The protection on GSH afforded by the R. rosea extract with respect to ascorbic acid, occurred also if added 2 or 5 min. later than the oxidant, suggesting a more rapid or powerful effect.
Plasma levels and redox status of coenzyme Q10 in infants and children
Authors: Menke Thomas , Niklowitz Petra , Schlüter Bernhard , Weber Michael , Buschatz Dirk , Trowitzsch Eckardt , Andler Werner 
Published: December 2008

AbstractIntroduction: Increased attention has been paid to the role of lipophilic antioxidants in childhood nutrition and diseases during recent years. The lipophilic antioxidant coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is known as an effective inhibitor of oxidative damage. In contrast to other lipophilic antioxidants like α‐tocopherol the plasma concentrations of CoQ10 in childhood are poorly researched. The aim of this study was to determine plasma level and redox status (oxidized form in total CoQ10 in %) of CoQ10 in clinically healthy infants, preschoolers and school‐aged children.Methods: Plasma level and redox status of CoQ10 were measured by HPLC in 199 clinically healthy children, three groups of infants [1st‐4th month (n = 35), 5th‐8th month (n = 25), 9th‐12th month (n = 25) ], preschoolers (n = 60) and school‐aged children (n = 54). The CoQ10 plasma levels were related to plasma cholesterol concentrations. The median and the 5th and 95th percentile were calculated.Results: Plasma levels and redox status of CoQ10 in infants were significantly higher than in preschoolers and school‐aged children. The CoQ10 redox status in the 1st‐4th month was significantly increased when compared to the remaining subgroups of infants. In elder children the CoQ10 redox status stabilized.Conclusion: This is the first study concerning age‐related values of plasma level and redox status of CoQ10 in apparently healthy children. Decreased CoQ10 values could be involved in various pathological conditions affecting childhood. Therefore, the application of age‐adjusted reference values may provide more specific criteria to define threshold values for CoQ10 deficiency in plasma.
Plasma membrane NADH‐oxidoreductase in cells carrying mitochondrial DNA G11778A mutation and in cells devoid of mitochondrial DNA (ρ0)
Authors: Malik Safarina G. , Vaillant François , Lawen Alfons 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThe mammalian plasma membrane (PM) NADH‐oxidoreductase (PMOR) system is a multi‐enzyme complex located in the plasma membrane of all eukaryotic cells, harboring at least two distinct activities, the plasma membrane NADH‐ferricyanide reductase and the NADH‐oxidase. To assess the behaviour of the two activities of the PMOR system, we measured the NADH‐ferricyanide reductase and NADH‐oxidase activities in fibroblast cell lines derived from patients carrying a mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) G11778A mutation. We also measured the two activities in other cell lines, the HL‐60 and HeLa (S3) lines, as well as in ρ0 cells (cells devoid of mtDNA) generated from those lines and the fibroblast cells. These ρ0 cells consequently lack oxidative phosphorylation and rely on anaerobic glycolysis for their ATP need. We have proposed that in ρ0 cells, at least in part, up‐regulation of the PMOR is a necessity to maintain the NAD+/NADH ratio, and a pre‐requisite for cell growth and viability. We show here that the PM NADH‐ferricyanide reductase activity was up‐regulated in HL‐AV2 (HL‐60 ρ0) cell lines, but not in the other ρ0 and mtDNA mutant lines. The plasma membrane NADH oxidase activity was found to be up‐regulated in both HL‐AV2 and HeLa ρ0 cell lines, but not significantly in the fibroblast ρ0 and G11778A lines.
Mitochondrial gene‐knockout (ρ0) cells: A versatile model for exploring the secrets of trans‐plasma membrane electron transport
Authors: Scarlett Debbie‐Jane , Herst Patries , Tan An , Prata Cecilia , Berridge Michael 
Published: December 2008

AbstractPlasma membrane electron transport (tPMET) pathways have been identified in all living cells, and a wide variety of tools have been used to study these processes. In our laboratory we have used the cell‐impermeable tetrazolium dye WST‐1, together with the mitochondrial gene knockout ρ0) cell model, to investigate one of these pathways. We have shown that growth of HL60ρ0 cells is dependent on oxygen, and that these cells consume oxygen at the cell surface. Similarities in inhibition profiles between non‐mitochondrial oxygen consumption and WST‐1 reduction suggest that both systems share a common tPMET pathway. In support of this, oxygen was shown to compete with the intermediate electron acceptor that mediates WST‐1 reduction, for reducing electrons. The observation that tPMET activity is higher in ρ0 cells compared to their mitochondrially‐competent counterparts was shown to be the result of competition between the mitochondrial and plasma membrane electron transport systems for intracellular reducing equivalents. Elevated rates of dye reduction appear to be mediated through increased expression of the key components of tPMET, which include the cell surface NADH oxidase, CNOX. These findings have played a critical role in shaping our current understanding of the mechanisms of this particular pathway of tPMET.
Human amyloid peptides Aβ1–40 and Aβ1–42 exhibit NADH oxidase acitivity with copper‐induced oscillations and a period length of 24 min
Authors: Markert Claudia , Morré Dorothy M. , James Morré D. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractHuman amyloid beta peptides Aβ1–40 and Aβ1–42 exhibit NADH oxidase activity with regular oscillations at intervals of ca 6 min. In the presence of copper, the oscillations in Aβ1–40 and Aβ1–42 become more pronounced and now assume a period length of 24 min. In the presence of copper, the oscillations are similar to those observed with NADH oxidase activities of cell surface ECTO‐NOX proteins in general including a period length of 24 min. Solutions of copper sulphate in the presence of all the reagents except for the peptides did not exhibit the oscillatory behavior. NOX proteins have been reported previously to have properties of prions and to form amyloid rods of indeterminant length similar to those formed by the 39–43 residue amyloid beta proteins (Aβ). In this report, we demonstrate a second similarity between ECTO‐NOX proteins and amyloid beta, that of an oscillating NADH oxidase activity with a period length of 24 min when assayed in the presence of copper.
Cancer prevention with food factors: Alone and in combination
Authors: Ohigashi Hajime , Murakami Akira 
Published: December 2008

AbstractCancer prevention strategies making use of combined agents with distinct molecular mechanisms, rather than individual agents, are considered promising for higher efficacy and lower toxicity. Although there is increasing understanding of the synergistic combinations of synthetic agents, our knowledge regarding such combinations of food factors remains limited. We recently found that free radical generation suppressants from food items in combination with their scavengers at low concentrations exhibited notable synergistic effects in activated leukocytes, whereas combinations of agents with similar modes of action showed additive or antagonistic effects. For example, (—)‐epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) from green tea has been shown to increase the endotoxin‐induced production of proinflammatory mediators such as prostaglandin E2 and tumor necrosis factor‐α in RAW264.7 macrophages, whereas the soybean isoflavonoid genistein compensated for these inverse properties of EGCG, leading to marked suppression in combination. The present review briefly highlights the potential effectiveness of combinations of several agents with anti‐oxidative and anti‐inflammatory properties for cancer preventive strategies.
Antitumor activity and action mechanisms of Lactobacillus casei through the regulation of immune responses
Authors: Matsuzaki Takeshi , Takagi Akimitsu , Ikemura Haruo , Matsuguchi Tetsuya , Yokokura Teruo 
Published: December 2008

AbstractLactobacillus casei strain Shirota (LcS) has been demonstrated to have beneficial effects in numerous disease models, especially murine autoimmune disease and carcinogenesis models, via host immune modulation. It has also been reported that LcS induced recovery of the host immune responses that were decreased by treatment with carcinogens, and that augmented the natural killer activity and T cell functions of host immune cells. After LcS is ingested by the host, it is incorporated into M cells in Peyer's patches (PP) and digested to form active components. In PP, macrophages or dendritic cells that phagocytosed LcS gained ability to produce tumor necrosis factor‐α. The components of LcS digested in PP were then recognized through toll‐like receptor 2 in macrophages, resulting in the production of several cytokines which elicit varied responses in host immune cells. Also, it was observed by 2D‐PAGE analyses that the expression level and/or the phosphorylation of some proteins in PP and mesenteric lymph nodes were definitely altered after the ingestion of LcS, providing more evidence of cellular responses.
A fermented grain food mixture, AOB™, inhibits liver metastasis in the metastasis model of rat colon cancer
Authors: Minamiyama Yukiko , Takemura Shigekazu , Hirohashi Kazuhiro , Okada Shigeru 
Published: December 2008

AbstractNatural antioxidants have been shown to be rich sources of microchemicals with the potential to prevent human cancers. We examined whether dietary supplement of a fermented grain food mixture (AOB), which has been shown to have a strong antioxidative effect, may protect against colon cancer metastasis. At day 5 of AOB (6.5%) supplementation in a basal diet, the rat colon cancer cells (RCN‐H4) were injected beneath the capsule of the spleen and one min later rats were splenectomized. All rats without AOB supplementation had multiple liver metastases. However, the number and the size of liver tumors were reduced by about 80% in AOB group. Combined use of cisplatin and AOB enhanced an anti‐metastatic effect. The inhibition of liver metastasis by AOB was caused by the regulation of cell cycle. This product may be used as an adjuvant in the therapy of malignant neoplasia.
Changes of the total antioxidative status of blood cells in the progression of stomach and large bowel cancers in patients subjected to primary radical treatment
Authors: Kopañski Z. , Bertrandt J. , Grabowska M. , Kosiniak‐Kamysz A. , Kołodziejski L. , Opoka W. , Schlegel‐Zawadzka M. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThe analysis included 53 patients (32 men and 21 women) aged 43 to 66 years, who were subjected to radical treatment (surgical or combined) because of stomach (22 patients) or large bowel (31 patients) cancer. All the patients were included in the same model of control examinations, which considered evaluation of the erythrocytes TAS and of the Ca19–9, CEA and AFP concentrations in serum. It was confirmed that in all the patients in whom the recurrence and/or the dissemination occurred of the cancer, the average erythrocytes TAS value increased 5.5 times by comparison with the period before progression and 7 times in comparison with the patients without recurrence and/or dissemination of the cancer. Moreover it was shown that statistically significantly higher TAS values were associated with the progression of the large bowel cancer in comparison with the stomach cancer and that the blood cells TAS positively correlated with the changes of the Ca19–9, CEA and AFP concentrations in patients with progression of the cancer after radical treatment.
Antitumor activity of rice‐shochu post‐distillation slurry and vinegar produced from the post‐distillation slurry via oral administration in a mouse model
Authors: Seki Takahiro , Morimura Shigeru , Shigematsu Tohru , Maeda Hiroshi , Kida Kenji 
Published: December 2008

AbstractShochu is a Japanese spirit that is mainly produced in the Kyushu region. Rice‐shochu post‐distillation slurry (i.e. RSDS) is eluted during the conventional rice‐shochu production process. Since RSDS contains several functional components, we have produced vinegar from RSDS. This study reports the antitumor activity of RSDS and the vinegar via oral administration in a mouse model. Freeze‐dried RSDS (0.1 ∼ 1.5%) or vinegar (0.3 ∼ 1.5%) was mixed into a chemically defined diet. The tumor size and life span of tumor‐bearing mice that were fed the diet were investigated for 72 d. The RSDS‐ (> 0.3%) or vinegar‐ (> 0.5%) fed mice had significantly smaller sized tumors than the control group (p < 0.01). We also found that those mice had prolonged life spans. Oral administration of RSDS or vinegar also prolonged the life spans of mice that were implanted with Colon 38 cells. These results indicated that dietary RSDS and vinegar suppressed tumor growth. Moreover, we found that NK cytotoxic activity against K562 cells was stimulated by RSDS and vinegar.
Anti‐tumorigenic components of a sea weed, Eeteromorpha clathrata
Authors: Tang Hanjun , Inoue Mamiko , Uzawa Yuki , Kawamura Yukio 
Published: December 2008

AbstractAnti‐tumorigenic action of compounds in some seaweed was evaluated by using selective cytotoxicity against a transformed mouse 3T3 cell (SV‐T2) and its normal counter part. The extracts of seaweeds (Wakame, Konbu, Mirin, Aosa, and Sujiaonori) were added to the cells in 96 well microplate. The viability of the cell was measured at 24 hr after sample addition. Of the five weeds, the ethanol extracts from Sujiaonori exhibited the selective cytotoxicity. The ethanol extracts from Sujiaonori was applied to gel permeation chromatography on Sephadex G‐50. The anti‐cancer activity was detected in two fractions with high molecular weight near void volume and with small molecular weight. The high molecular weight fractions had absorbance at 280 nm, suggesting that they contained proteineous substances. The small molecular weight fractions were estimated to be around 500 Dalton.
Cytoplasmic fraction of Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis induces apoptosis in SNU‐1 stomach adenocarcinoma cells
Authors: Kim Seo Young , Lee Ki Won , Kim Ji Yeon , Lee Hyong Joo 
Published: December 2008

AbstractLactic acid bacteria are known to have antitumor activity, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Recently we showed that a cytoplasmic fraction ‐ but not peptidoglycan ‐ of Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis (L.lac CF) had strong antiproliferative activity on SNU‐1 human stomach adenocarcinoma cells. The present study investigated whether the antiproliferative activity of L.lac CF on SNU‐1 is linked to the induction of apoptosis. Treatment of L.lac CF inhibited the proliferation of SNU‐1 cells in a dose‐ and time‐dependent manner. Furthermore, treatment of the cells with 50 μ/ml and 100 μ/ml L.lac CF resulted in DNA fragmentation and chromatin condensation, respectively. The results indicate that the inhibitory effect of L.lac CF on SNU‐1 cell growth is mainly attributable to the induction of apoptosis.
Effects of tea catechins on lipid metabolism and body fat accumulation
Authors: Tokimitsu Ichiro 
Published: December 2008

AbstractLong‐term feeding of tea catechins suppressed body fat accumulation in high‐fat diet‐induced obesity in mice, and that their effects might be attributed, at least in part, to the activation of hepatic lipid metabolism. Consecutive intake of tea catechins (588 mg/day) reduced body fat, especially abdominal fat in humans. These results demonstrate that intake of tea catechins is beneficial for body fat accumulation.
Effects of combination of Caiapo® with other plant‐derived substance on anti‐diabetic efficacy in KK‐Ay mice
Authors: Sakuramata Yasuhide , Oe Hiromi , Kusano Syuichi , Aki Osami 
Published: December 2008

AbstractB. Ludvik et al., have recently shown the effect of Caiapo® (Ipomoea batatas L.) on reducing fasting blood glucose and insulin resistance in type‐2 diabetic patients. It, however, was required 2–4 weeks after the single administration of Caiapo®. The present study aimed to determine if the combination therapy of Caiapo® with a mulberry leaf powder, which inhibits α‐glucosidase, or with a loquat leaf extract, which shows an insulin‐like effect, could make it possible to enhance the antidiabetic activities of Caiapo®, and to shorten the time necessary for the inhibition of increasing blood glucose levels.A mixture of the pulverized tuber of Caiapo® (357 mg/kg) and the mulberry leaf powder (143 mg/kg), or a mixture of the pulverized skin of Caiapo® (194 mg/kg) and the powdered loquat leaf extract (6 mg/kg) was orally administered to 6 weeks‐old male KK‐Ay mice for 28 days and the glucose loading test was conducted every 7 days.In the glucose loading test after one week feeding, a reduction in blood glucose concentration after 60 minutes of the administration of glucose was observed in both mixture groups against the control group (p < 0.05) in the case of Caiapo® only, similar delayed effects were seen in 2–3 weeks after feeding.
Effects of dietary sea squirt (Halocynthia roretzi) on lipid metabolism in rats
Authors: Kawasaki Masashi 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThe effect of dietary sea squirt (Halocynthia roretzi) on lipid metabolism in rats was investigated. Rats were fed sea squirt muscle (Experiment 1); sea squirt muscle, defatted sea squirt muscle and its hexane extract (Experiment 2); and whole body sea squirt and its parts as muscle or viscera (Experiment 3). All of the diets contained the same levels of protein (20%) and lipid (7%). In experiment 1, serum total cholesterol (T‐Ch), very‐low‐density lipoprotein plus low‐density lipoprotein (VLDL+LDL)‐Ch, triglyceride (TG), phospholipid (PL) and nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) levels were reduced by 20% dietary sea squirt muscle ingestion; steroid excretions into feces were enhanced by the same diet. In experiment 2, serum T‐Ch, (VLDL+LDL)‐Ch, TG, PL and NEFA levels were significantly reduced and steroid excretions into feces were significantly enhanced by ingestion of the sea squirt muscle hexane extract. Ingestion of defatted sea squirt muscle also reduced these serum lipid levels, but not as much as did that of whole sea squirt muscle. In experiment 3, serum T‐Ch and HDL‐Ch levels were significantly elevated by the 10% sea squirt viscera ingestion.
Inhibitory activity of shiitake flavor against platelet aggregation
Authors: Shimada Shoichiro , Komamura Koji , Kumagai Hitomi , Sakurai Hidetoshi 
Published: December 2008

AbstractSulfuric‐flavored compounds were extracted from shiitake (Lentinus edodes) and their inhibitory activity against platelet aggregation was investigated. Platelet aggregation induced by arachidonic acid and U‐46619, the analog of thromboxane A2, was inhibited by the essential oil from shiitake that contained lenthionine as a major sulfuric compound. This result indicates that the inhibitory site of the shiitake flavor compounds would be different from that of garlic‐flavor compounds because the latter inhibits the passage between arachidonic acid and thromboxane A2. The effect of the synthesized lenthionine was almost equivalent to that of the essential oil, which indicates that the inhibitory activity of the essential oil from shiitake would be mainly attributed to lenthionine.
Content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in serum and liver of rats fed restricted diets supplemented with vitamins B2, B6 and folic acid
Authors: Bertrandt Jerzy , Klos Anna , Debski Bogdan 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThe aim of study was to investigate an influence of nutritional deficiency and dietary addition of vit. B2, B6 and folic acid on PUFAs content in rats' serum and liver. Limitation of consumption full value diet to 50% of its previously determined daily consumption, enriched with m/a vitamins, significant decreased of linoleic (LA) and α‐linolenic (ALA) acids as well as distinctly increased arachidonic (AA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids content in serum in 30th day. In 60th day lower content of AA and DHA fatty acids was found. Nutrition with such diet, lasting 90 days caused decrease of LA content and increase of AA. Diet limitation to its 30% of daily consumption decreased of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and DHA in the 30th day, while AA and DHA content was increased in the 60th day. Distinct decrease of AA content and increase of EPA content were found in the 90th day of experiment. Use of diets, with limited consumption to 50% caused increase of LA and ALA acids content while AA and DHA acids content were significantly decreased in the liver, in 90th day. Limited consumption supplemented diet to 30% caused in liver significant decrease of LA and increase of EPA acids content.
Effects of an exopolysaccharide (kefiran) on lipids, blood pressure, blood glucose, and constipation
Authors: Maeda Hiroaki , Zhu Xia , Omura Kazunobu , Suzuki Shiho , Kitamura Shinichi 
Published: December 2008

AbstractLactobacillus kefiranofaciens was reported to produce an exopolysaccharide named kefiran. In the present study, we developed a new medium, rice hydrolyzate (RH) medium, for the culture of L. kefiranofaciens. Structural analyses revealed that the exopolysaccharide produced by L. kefiranofaciens from RH medium was composed of a hexasaccharide repeating unit, and essentially identical to the kefiran reported in previous studies. A study on the effects of kefiran in animals demonstrated that kefiran significantly suppressed increase of blood pressure and reduced the serum cholesterol levels in SHRSP/Hos rats when subjects consumed excessive dietary cholesterol. Kefiran supplementation demonstrated the ability to significantly lower blood glucose in KKAy mice. In addition, the administration of kefiran in constipated SD rats caused an obvious improvement in the levels of fecal moisture and wet weights of feces. These results suggest that kefiran could be used as a functional food to prevent some commonly occurring diseases.
High‐throughput profiling of dietary polyphenols and their metabolites by HPLC‐ESI‐MS‐MS in human urine
Authors: Ito Hideyuki , Gonthiera Marie‐Paule , Manach Claudine , Morand Christine , Mennen Louise , Rémésy Christian , Scalbert Augustin 
Published: December 2008

AbstractPolyphenols in biological fluids are generally estimated by HPLC with UV, electrochemical or fluorimetric detection. We describe herein a method specially developed to estimate biomarkers of polyphenol consumption in human urine. We simultaneously quantified 15 polyphenols and their related compounds in human urine using an HPLC coupled with electrospray ionization mass‐mass (HPLC‐ESI‐MS‐MS) method with an analytical run time of 6 min. The method has been validated with respect to linearity, precision, and accuracy in intra‐ and inter‐day assays. It has been applied to human urine samples collected from volunteers after consumption of different polyphenol‐rich beverages in controlled conditions.