bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of basalt fiber optimal length/number/coupling agent on the properties of rubber composites
Authors: Yu Benhui , Ren Jianbin , Wang Chuansheng 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe influence of different types of short fibers, fiber content, and coupling agents on the properties of short fiber‐reinforced rubber‐based composite materials was studied. The results of physical and mechanical property tests showed that the optimal combination was a fiber length of 9 mm, fiber content of 3 phr, and coupling agent KH560. Contact angle tests revealed that under the same conditions of fiber length, the addition of an adhesive significantly increased the contact angle with water compared to the BF powder without adhesive modification, indicating a significant improvement in the surface hydrophobicity of BF after adding the adhesive. The surface pretreatment of BF was significantly improved, with KH560 and sodium stearate showing the best wetting properties. XPS tests indicated that BF9 treated with sodium stearate exhibited higher tensile strength and overall performance compared to untreated BF9, and it had the highest comprehensive performance among BF9 treated with KH550, KH560, and Si69. EDS results showed that more coupling agents were attached to the surface of fibers treated with both KH560 and KH550, resulting in stronger adhesion to the rubber matrix. Surface tension results indicated that sodium stearate provided the best uniform coating on BF in this experiment. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results indicated the grafting of functional groups such as methyl (CH3) onto BF after the secondary modification.Highlights
BF9 treated with C17H35COONa had the highest comprehensive performance.
Grafting of functional groups (CH3) were onto BF after the secondary modification.
Sodium stearate provided the best uniform coating on BF.
The optimal experimental combination was length9 mm, 3 phr, coupling agent KH560.
Adhesive increased the contact angle with water compared to that of untreated.
Dreidimensionale Bilder aus Satellitendaten: Terrestrische Einschlagkrater als digitales Trompe‐l‘oeil
Authors: Gottwald Manfred 
Published: February 2025

ZusammenfassungDie Aufnahmen von Erdbeobachtungssatelliten wirken durchgehend seltsam flach. Doch ein 2000 Jahre altes Verfahren kann ihnen dreidimensionales Leben einhauchen. Mit Hilfe von digitalem Trompe‐l'oeil, wie in diesem Artikel beschrieben, kann jeder selbst topografische Karten mit Schattenrelief erstellen.
Impact of airflow‐assisted spraying technology on droplet drift: a solution for reducing pesticide drift under multidirectional strong wind conditions
Authors: Sun Wenfeng , Guo Yuefu , Wang Hao , Sun Yongli , Xu Jiehao , Zhang Kaige , Jin Hongtao 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn agricultural production, pesticide application is often influenced by natural wind, leading to pesticide drift. This reduces the effectiveness of pest and disease control on target crops and poses risks of pesticide damage to nontarget crops, which can result in serious environmental and food contamination issues. This study addresses the issue of droplet drift in complex farmland environments by developing a simulation model that couples auxiliary airflow with multidirectional wind. The model analyzes the complex movement trajectories and dynamic characteristics of droplets within the coupled flow field, identifies the key factors influencing drift under the effect of auxiliary airflow, and adjusts spraying parameters based on different wind directions and speeds to reduce droplet drift.RESULTSNumerical simulations were conducted using the optimized auxiliary airflow parameters in multidirectional wind. The results demonstrated that for winds of 3.3 ~ 7.9 m s−1, the optimized auxiliary airflow significantly reduced both the drift rate and amount of droplets: compared to conventional spraying, the drift rate and amount decreased by 50.6% and 84.9%, respectively; compared to conventional airflow‐assisted spraying, they decreased by 11.54% and 49.8%, respectively. Moreover, bench tests validated the simulation model with an error rate of 7.7 ± 0.2%.CONCLUSIONThrough simulation analysis and adjustment of auxiliary airflow parameters, this study provides a comprehensive understanding of droplet drift behavior under various wind directions and speeds in complex environments. The findings show that adjusting airflow parameters can effectively address pesticide drift in multidirectional wind, reducing pesticide deposition in nontarget areas and minimizing environmental pollution. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.
Spontaneous Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma With Mast Cell Infiltration in a Sprague–Dawley Rat: A Case Report
Authors: Choi Joo‐Hee , Sung Soo‐Eun , Sung Minkyoung , Kang Kyung‐Ku , Park Sun Hee , Kim Duyeol , Lee Sijoon 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTUndifferentiated pleomorphic sarcomas (UPSs) are tumours of mesenchymal origin typically seen in soft tissues and histologically characterized by pleomorphic tumour cell and multinucleated giant cell (MGC) infiltration. Here, we report UPS in a 23‐month‐old Sprague–Dawley rat, notable for the absence of MGC infiltration and the presence of mast cells. The tumour was located in the left axillary region and was assessed using haematoxylin and eosin, Masson's trichrome, and toluidine blue staining, along with immunohistochemistry. Neoplastic cells showed pleomorphism and storiform arrangement, with no MGCs, but with significant mast cell infiltration. Vimentin positivity confirmed the mesenchymal origin. The results in this case indicate a potential role of mast cells in UPS pathology and emphasize the need for further studies on their role in tumour progression.
Introduction: African Linguistics After #RhodesMustFall
Authors: Gibson Hannah , Lück Jacqueline , Riedel Kristina , Namboodiripad Savithry 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This chapter provides a background to the study and the broader context in which the survey was conducted. It introduces the motivation behind the work, which was to examine views related to African languages and decolonisation and transformation. It provides a short overview of the #RhodesMustFall movement in South Africa and highlights parallels with a number of related social justice movements such as #RhodesMustFallOxford and Black Lives Matter. The chapter ends with an overview of the book as a whole, foregrounding a number of the key themes that emerge.
In Vivo Discrimination of Iodine and Tantalum-Based Liquid Embolics After Intracranial or Spinal Embolization Using Photon-Counting Detector CT
Authors: Maurer Christoph Johannes , Berlis Ansgar , Stangl Franz Josef , Behrens Lars 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
In vitro differentiation of iodine and tantalum-based liquid embolics post-embolization can be achieved using spectral computed tomography. This study evaluates the in vivo ability of clinical photon-counting computed tomography (PCD-CT) to distinguish these embolic agents in patients undergoing endovascular treatments for cerebrovascular and spinal pathologies.

Methods
This retrospective study included 25 patients treated between April 2021 and March 2024, who underwent PCD-CT imaging post-embolization for intracranial arteriovenous malformations (AVM), dural arteriovenous fistulas (dAVF), spinal tumors, or middle meningeal artery (MMA) embolization for chronic subdural hematomas (cSDH). Imaging analysis involved iterative reconstruction, using conventional images (CI), iodine maps (IM), and virtual non-contrast (VNC) series. Two blinded neuroradiologists assessed the suppression quality of the embolic agents on a Likert scale.

Results
Of the 25 patients, 22 underwent intracranial and 3 spinal embolizations. The differentiation between iodine and tantalum-based embolics achieved 92% accuracy for reader 1 and 88% for reader 2, with a Cohen’s kappa coefficient of 0.92 indicating high inter-reader agreement. Iodine-based agents were moderately suppressed, whereas tantalum-based agents exhibited superior suppression. Errors arose from mistaking suppressed platinum coils for tantalum-based embolics. Hemorrhage detection accuracy was high, with a Cohen’s kappa of 0.92.

Conclusions
PCD-CT effectively differentiates between iodine- and tantalum-based embolics in vivo, demonstrating high diagnostic accuracy and inter-reader reliability. This capability facilitates improved post-procedural assessment and may enhance the management of endovascularly treated patients by reducing imaging artifacts and aiding in hemorrhage detection.
Second order $$L_p$$ estimates for subsolutions of fully nonlinear equations
Authors: Dong Hongjie , Kitano Shuhei 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We obtain new

$$L_p$$

L
p

estimates for subsolutions to fully nonlinear equations. Based on our

$$L_p$$

L
p

estimates, we further study several topics such as the third and fourth order derivative estimates for concave fully nonlinear equations, critical exponents of

$$L_p$$

L
p

estimates and maximum principles, and the existence and uniqueness of solutions to fully nonlinear equations on the torus with free terms in the

$$L_p$$

L
p

spaces or in the space of Radon measures.
On the equivalence between an Onofri-type inequality by Del Pino–Dolbeault and the sharp logarithmic Moser–Trudinger inequality
Authors: Borgia Natalino , Cingolani Silvia , Mancini Gabriele 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this paper we consider the N-dimensional Euclidean Onofri inequality proved by del Pino and Dolbeault (Int Math Res Not IMRN 15:3600–3611, 2013) for smooth compactly supported functions in

$$\mathbb {R}^N$$

R

N

,

$$N \ge 2$$

N
≥
2

. We extend the inequality to a suitable weighted Sobolev space, although no clear connection with standard Sobolev spaces on

$$\mathbb {S}^N$$

S

N

through stereographic projection is present, except for the planar case. Moreover, in any dimension

$$N \ge 2$$

N
≥
2

, we show that the Euclidean Onofri inequality is equivalent to the logarithmic Moser–Trudinger inequality with sharp constant proved by Carleson and Chang (Bull Sci Math 110(2):113–127, 1986) for balls in

$$\mathbb {R}^N$$

R

N

.
Is Self-Discrimination Disrespectful?
Authors: Bengtson Andreas , Pedersen Viki Møller Lyngby 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Victims of oppressive (e.g., sexist, racist or ableist) structures sometimes internalize the unjust norms that prevail in society. This can cause these victims to develop preferences or make decisions that seem bad for them. Focusing on such cases, we ask: is self-discrimination disrespectful? We show that some of the most sophisticated respect theories fail to provide any clear guidance. Specifically, we show that the widely recognized view that respect has two dimensions—an interest dimension and an autonomy dimension—delivers completely opposite verdicts depending on how these two dimensions (and the relation between them) are specified. A main takeaway point is that we need to distinguish between at least four different respect-based views. Whether self-discrimination caused by internalized oppression is disrespectful depends on which view one supports.
Change of perspective in transformation processes: A case study of online teaching targeting underserved adult students
Authors: Ress Susanne , Njobati Frederick , Scheunpflug Annette 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This article draws on a case study of an international master’s degree programme in educational quality and leadership for senior professionals in sub-Saharan Africa. It reflects the experience of adapting a blended learning approach to a purely online format in response to pandemic-induced lockdowns and travel bans in 2020–2021. Based on this case study, the authors propose a model for a change of perspective in transformation processes targeting underserved adult students which combines insights from complex problem-solving with culturally responsive teaching (CRT). The article highlights the vitality of intentional changes of perspective reified through systematic communication with relevant stakeholders, networks and (new) partners. The authors demonstrate that managing change has instructional, operational and emotional components. Their article contributes to the scholarship on lifelong learning by offering in-depth reflection on a rapid transformation process addressing reflexivity, resources and ethics of care as key dimensions.
A Population-Based Study of Bariatric Surgery Trends in Australia: Variations Reflect Continuing Inequities in Access to Surgery
Authors: Goubar Thomas , Goubar Christopher , Fenton-Lee Douglas , Stefanidis Aneta , Macdonald Peter S. , Rushworth R. Louise 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Obesity is increasingly prevalent and associated with higher morbidity and mortality. Bariatric surgery, particularly sleeve gastrectomy, provides durable weight loss and improves obesity-related conditions like type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Despite its benefits, significant concerns regarding inequities in access to bariatric surgery persist. This study aims to evaluate recent trends in bariatric surgery rates and to investigate patterns of access to bariatric surgery.

Methods
A population-based study of age-adjusted bariatric procedure rates in adults in NSW, Australia, was conducted over the financial years 2013/14 to 2021/22. Trends in age-adjusted procedure rates were assessed by demographics and healthcare settings.

Results
In 2021/22, 179.6 bariatric procedures per 100,000 population were performed, an 89.7% increase since 2013/14 (p < 0.001). Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy, the most common procedure, increased by 94.1% to 112.6/100,000/year (p < 0.001). Females had 3.6 times higher rates than males (232.3/100,000/year vs 64.9/100,000/year). The greatest increases occurred in younger patients (125.9% in the 18–24 age group; 142.4% in the 25–34 age group, p < 0.001). Private hospital rates were 15.6 times higher than public (132.2/100,000/year vs 8.5/100,000/year) and rose 92.3% (p < 0.001), whilst public hospital rates declined by 17.9% (p = NS). Patients from regional areas had the highest rates (175.7/100,000/year) and largest increase (169.8%; 89.4/100,000/year to 241.8/100,000/year, p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Bariatric surgery rates continue to increase, particularly among females, despite similar obesity prevalence between sexes. Most surgery is conducted in the private sector, suggesting differential access based on financial circumstances. Rates are highest in younger people, although obesity-related comorbidities increase with age. Regional patients undergo surgery at higher rates than rural patients despite greater obesity prevalence with increasing rurality. Efforts to address these disparities are essential to improve equitable access to obesity treatments.
Shear-wave velocity structure from the near-surface to mid-crust beneath the southern Korean Peninsula using P-wave polarization analysis
Authors: Kim Kyungmin , Chang Sung-Joon 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The near-surface velocity structure provides critical information for seismic hazard assessment, ground motion simulation, and site amplification studies. However, accurate estimation typically requires costly core sampling from boreholes and/or seismic exploration. As an alternative, we estimated near-surface to mid-crustal shear-wave velocities in the southern Korean Peninsula using P-wave polarization analysis, which utilizes only the incident angles of direct P waves from earthquakes. We extended the polarization analysis by employing several different frequency bands to estimate shear-wave velocities from the surface down to the mid-crust. P waveforms were bandpass-filtered with three different frequency bands (0.05–0.3 Hz, 0.5–2 Hz, and 3–10 Hz) to determine shear-wave velocities at different depths. The P-wave polarization results show a strong correlation between geological features and velocity distributions across the frequency bands. The P-wave polarization results for the frequency bands of 0.05–0.3 Hz, 0.5–2 Hz, and 3–10 Hz indicate velocity distributions of 3.50 ± 0.35 km/s, 3.00 ± 0.69 km/s, and 2.26 ± 0.69 km/s, respectively. Comparison with velocity structures estimated from Rayleigh-wave ellipticity and site surveys reveals that these values from frequency bands of 0.05–0.3 Hz, 0.5–2 Hz, and 3–10 Hz correspond to average velocities from the surface to depths of 3–16 km, 0.1–3 km, and 5–100 m, respectively. The polarization analysis demonstrates superior performance in estimating near-surface shear-wave velocity compared to the Rayleigh-wave ellipticity method.
Strategic control of excess tellurium to achieve high figure-of-merit in Te-rich Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3
Authors: Bhatt Ranu , Kumar Rishikesh , Bhatt Pramod , Patro Pankaj , Bhattacharya Shovit , Navaneethan Mani , Samanta Soumen , Singh Ajay 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Increasing the Te content in stoichiometric Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 facilitates effective control over the anti-site defects and nanostructure; however, arresting excess Te in the host matrix is challenging. Herein, we report the success of a saturation-annealing treatment in a vacuum, followed by air-quenching as a promising approach for synthesizing high figure-of-merit (zT) Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3+xTe (x = 0, 2, 5 and 10 wt%) materials. A remarkably high-power factor (α

2

σ ~ 6 mW at 300 K) is achieved in p-type Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 + 5 wt% Te composition due to high carrier concentration (n) and good carrier mobility (µ). Microstructural analysis revealed the formation of densely interconnected polycrystalline grains featuring fine grain boundaries, planar/point defects, and strain field domains, contributing towards wide-length scale phonon scattering. The cumulative effect of drastically reduced thermal conductivity (κ ~ 0.8 W/m-K at 300 K), and enhanced power factor resulted in a record zT value ~ 2.2 at 300 K in Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 + 5 wt% Te, with an average zT value up to 1.35 in temperatures ranging from 303 to 573 K. The COMSOL simulations predict a maximum conversion efficiency (η

max
) of ~ 15%, at a temperature gradient (∆T) of 270 K, for a single-leg thermoelectric generator (TEG) developed using this material.
Puzzling Regional Factors of Divorce: the Case of Postcommunist Czechia and Slovakia
Authors: Garajová Alžbeta , Bleha Branislav 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The factors influencing divorce remain a relatively under-researched area within (geo)demographic and sociological studies. This study extends the scope of inquiry by conducting a comprehensive examination of the divorce process. We demonstrate the possible way to discover (regional) factors of family dissolution using geostatistical methods, in addition to a demographical approach. In terms of the research background, a comparative perspective is essential. Here, we bring quite a pioneering view. For decades, the two countries involved, Czechia and Slovakia, shared the same legal environment within one state (Czechoslovakia) with a socialist regime. At the same time, many demographic, social, cultural, and religious dissimilarities existed between them. Through a multidimensional analysis, we aim to identify the influence of different groups of divorce factors at the level of local administrative units (LAU 1) during two transformation stages, specifically in three time series: at the beginning of the postsocialist transformation, at the turn of the millennium in 2001, and in 2011. We bring new empirical evidence and underline the role of geographical methods when discovering the time and space patterns of divorce. The most important finding is that regional differences are mostly induced by factors associated with religion, reproductive behavior, economic activity, education, and marital behavior. However, the explainability of regional factors after two decades of societal transformation is lower.
Barriers to dynamic capabilities in non-leading HEIs in the digital era
Authors: da Silva Wellington Aleixo , Ratten Vanessa , Cassel Guilherme Luiz , Pereira Giancarlo Medeiros , Fossatti Paulo , Vendrametto Oduvaldo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study investigates the barriers that hinder the non-leading Brazilian higher education institutions (HEIs) in repositioning within the digital landscape based on dynamic capabilities. In-depth semi-structured interviews with top managers at six non-leading HEIs show that the main barriers include uncertainty about the traditional HEI future in the digital scenario, lack of strategic tools to reposition the HEIs, lack of knowledge about the cost-benefit of an institution’s digitization, lack of knowledge on how to implement changes, and lack of information on if an HEI should (or not) meet all the new stakeholder needs. These barriers prevent HEIs from successfully adapting to the digital era. Methodologies and tools are required to guide strategic decisions, perform digitization’s cost-benefit analysis, and implement changes that meet stakeholders’ evolving demands. By overcoming these barriers, HEIs can effectively implement dynamic capabilities, transforming the challenges of the digital age into opportunities for growth and innovation.
The rigidity of filtered colimits of n-cluster tilting subcategories
Authors: Fazelpour Ziba , Nasr-Isfahani Alireza 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Let Λ be an artin algebra and

$\mathcal{M}$

be an n-cluster tilting subcategory of Λ-mod with

$n \geq 2$

. From the viewpoint of higher homological algebra, a question that naturally arose in Ebrahimi and Nasr-Isfahani (The completion of d-abelian categories. J. Algebra645 (2024), 143–163) is when

$\mathcal{M}$

induces an n-cluster tilting subcategory of Λ-Mod. In this article, we answer this question and explore its connection to Iyama’s question on the finiteness of n-cluster tilting subcategories of Λ-mod. In fact, our theorem reformulates Iyama’s question in terms of the vanishing of Ext and highlights its relation with the rigidity of filtered colimits of

$\mathcal{M}$

. Also, we show that

${\rm Add}(\mathcal{M})$

is an n-cluster tilting subcategory of Λ-Mod if and only if

${\rm Add}(\mathcal{M})$

is a maximal n-rigid subcategory of Λ-Mod if and only if

$\lbrace X\in \Lambda-{\rm Mod}~|~ {\rm Ext}^i_{\Lambda}(\mathcal{M},X)=0 ~~~ {\rm for ~all}~ 0 \lt i \lt n \rbrace \subseteq {\rm Add}(\mathcal{M})$

if and only if

$\mathcal{M}$

is of finite type if and only if

${\rm Ext}_{\Lambda}^1({\underrightarrow{\lim}}\mathcal{M}, {\underrightarrow{\lim}}\mathcal{M})=0$

. Moreover, we present several equivalent conditions for Iyama’s question which shows the relation of Iyama’s question with different subjects in representation theory such as purity and covering theory.
New record of Calcinus morgani (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura: Diogenidae) from the Andaman Islands, and a key to Calcinus species in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Authors: Aravind Navyashree , Thiruchitrambalam Ganesh 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The diogenid hermit crab, Calcinus morgani Rahayu & Forest, 1999, is reported from the Andaman Islands in the eastern Indian Ocean. It was previously recorded as Calcinus gaimardii (H. Milne Edwards, 1848) from the Nicobar Islands, south of the Andaman Islands, in 1865 about 160 years ago, but there were no additional records of the species in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The diagnosis of C. morgani is provided on the basis of the present specimens for helping the identification. A key to species of the genus Calcinus known from the Andaman and Nicobar Islands is also provided.