bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of OORP‐T, a novel oocyte‐specific gene encoding a protein with a conserved oxysterol binding protein domain in rainbow trout
Authors: Ramachandra Raghuveer K. , Lankford Scott E. , Weber Gregory M. , Rexroad Caird E. , Yao Jianbo 
Published: October 2006

AbstractGenes specifically expressed in oocytes are important for the development of oocytes and early embryos. By analyzing expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from a rainbow trout oocyte cDNA library, we identified a novel EST sequence that does not show homology to any sequences in the GenBank. Analysis of tissue distribution by RT‐PCR revealed that this gene was only expressed in unfertilized oocytes. Sequencing of the EST clone identified a cDNA of 3,163 bp. Northern blot analysis showed the novel gene has a single transcript of 3.4 kb. Additional 5′ sequence was obtained by 5′ RACE, extending the novel cDNA to 3,333 bp. Analysis of the full‐length cDNA identified an open reading frame (ORF) encoding a protein of 564 amino acids. The novel protein contains a conserved oxysterol binding protein (OSBP) domain at the C terminus that is characteristic of OSBP‐related proteins (ORPs) implicated in lipid metabolism. Therefore, we named the novel gene as Oocyte‐specific Oxysterol binding protein Related‐Protein of Trout (OORP‐T). In situ hybridization showed that the OORP‐T mRNA appears to be confined to the cytoplasm of vitellogenic oocytes. Transcription of OORP‐T appears to start during pre‐vitellogenesis and increases steadily, reaching its peak in the late vitellogenic stage. OORP‐T transcript is abundantly present in unfertilized eggs but the level drops significantly in day 2 embryos and continues to decline in day 7 embryos after which it remains low. We propose that OORP‐T may play an important role in the utilization of yolk‐derived lipid products during oocyte development and early stages of embryonic development in rainbow trout. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 74: 502–511, 2007. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Study of conformational and optical rotation for the alaninamide
Authors: Zhao Shulei , Zhou Zhengyu , Wang Wenjuan , Ma Hongkun 
Published: October 2006

AbstractSix stationary points of alaninamide have been located on the potential surface energy (PES) at the B3LYP/6‐311++G(2d,2p) level of theory both in the gas phase and in aqueous solution. In the aqueous solution, to take the water solvent effect into account, the polarizable continuum model (PCM) method has been used. Accurate geometric structures and their relative stabilities have been investigated. The results show that the intramolecular hydrogen bond plays a very important role in stabilizing the global minimum of the alaninamide. Moreover, the consistent result in relative energy using high‐level computations, including the MP2 and MP3 methods with the same basis set [6‐311++G(2d,2p)], indicates that the B3LYP/6‐311++G(d,p) level may be applied to the analogue system. More importantly, the optical rotation of the optimized conformers (both in the gas phase and in aqueous solution) of alaninamide have been calculated using the density functional theory (DFT) and Hartree–Fock (HF) method at various basis sets (6‐31+G*, 6‐311++G(d,p), 6‐311++G(2d,2p) and aug‐cc‐pvdz). The results show that the selection of the computation method and the basis set in calculation has great influence on the results of the optical rotations. The reliability of the HF method is less than that of DFT, and selecting the basis set of 6‐311++G(2d,2p) and aug‐cc‐pvDZ produces relative reliable results. Analysis of the computational results of the structure parameters and the optical rotations yields the conclusion that just the helixes in molecules caused the chiral molecules to be optical active. The Boltzmann equilibrium distributions for the six conformers (both in the gas phase and in the aqueous solution) are also carried out. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2007
False‐name‐proof multi‐unit auction protocol utilizing greedy allocation based on approximate evaluation values
Authors: Terada Kenji , Yokoo Makoto 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThis paper presents a new false‐name‐proof multi‐unit auction protocol called the Greedy ALlocation (GAL) protocol. Internet auctions have become an integral part of Electronic Commerce and a promising field for applying agent and Artificial Intelligence technologies. Although the Internet provides an excellent infrastructure for executing auctions, the possibility of a new type of cheating called false‐name bids has been pointed out. A false‐name bid is a bid submitted under a fictitious name. A protocol called the Iterative Reducing (IR) protocol has been developed for multi‐unit auctions and has proven to be false‐name‐proof, that is, using false‐name bids is useless. For Internet auction protocols, being false‐name‐proof is important since identifying each participant on the Internet is virtually impossible.One shortcoming of the IR protocol is that it requires the auctioneer to carefully predetermine the reservation price for one unit. Our newly developed GAL protocol is easier to use than the IR, since the auctioneer does not need to set the reservation price nor any other parameters. The evaluation results show that the GAL protocol can obtain a social surplus that is very close to Pareto efficient. Furthermore, the obtained social surplus and seller's revenue are much better than those of the IR protocol even if the reservation price is set optimally. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Comp Jpn, 37(13): 89–98, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/scj.10664
Modeling and generating whole body motion of balance maintenance
Authors: Kudoh Shunsuke , Komura Taku , Ikeuchi Katsushi 
Published: October 2006

AbstractRecently there have been many attempts in various fields to construct exact human models from the dynamical viewpoint. One of the most essential and important topics in such efforts is maintenance of balance. This paper models the balance maintenance motion which the human performs against a sudden and strong external disturbance, and discusses the method of generating the motion to maintain the balance. This model has two modes of maintaining balance: keeping the feet on the ground, and stepping. The model is compared to human balancing motion data acquired by a motion‐capturing system and the validity of the model is verified. The parameters for motion generation are also determined. Optimization computation by the quadratic programming method is used in the motion generation, and efficient balance maintenance motion is generated as the optimal solution. By using this approach, whole body motions such as hip bending and arm swinging, which are often observed in human behavior, can be generated. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Comp Jpn, 37(13): 11–19, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/scj.20611
Core–Shell Iron–Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized by Laser‐Induced Pyrolysis
Authors: Bomatí‐Miguel Oscar , Tartaj Pedro , Morales Maria P. , Bonville Pierre , Golla‐Schindler Ute , Zhao Xinqing Q. , Veintemillas‐Verdaguer Sabino 
Published: October 2006

AbstractPassivated iron nanoparticles (10–30 nm) have been synthesized by laser pyrolysis of a mixture of iron pentacarbonyl and ethylene vapors followed by controlled oxidation. The nanoparticles show a well‐constructed iron–iron oxide core–shell structure, in which the thickness and nature (structure similar to maghemite, γ‐Fe2O3) of the shell is found to be independent of the initial conditions. On the other hand, the composition of the core is found to change with the particle size from the α‐Fe structure to a highly disordered Fe phase (probably containing C atoms in its structure). The dependence of the magnetic properties on the particle size, iron oxide fraction, and temperature was also investigated. In the case of smaller particles, the magnetic data indicate the existence at low temperature of a large exchange anisotropy field, the magnitude of which increases with decreasing temperature in correspondence with the freezing of magnetic moments in the oxide shell.
Stress, coping, HIV status, psychosocial resources, and depressive mood in African American gay, bisexual, and heterosexual men
Authors: Peterson John L. , Folkman Susan , Bakeman Roger 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe associations between stress, physical health, psychosocial resources, coping, and depressive mood were examined in a community sample of African American gay, bisexual, and heterosexual men (N=139). Data were collected from physical exams and in‐person interviews. In our theoretical framework, depressive mood scores were regressed first on stressors, next on psychosocial resources, and finally on coping strategy variables. Results revealed that psychosocial resources mediate the effects of stressors, including health symptoms, hassles, and life events, on depressive mood. There were no significant differences in depressive mood associated with HIV status or sexual orientation. Results are discussed in terms of community interventions needed to provide social support as a buffer between stress and psychological distress in African American men.
An advocacy intervention program for women with abusive partners: Six‐month follow‐up
Authors: Sullivan Cris M. , Campbell Rebecca , Angelique Holly , Eby Kimberly K. , Davidson William S. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractPresented the 6‐month follow‐up findings of an experimental intervention designed to provide postshelter advocacy services to women with abusive partners. The intervention involved randomly assigning half the research participants to receive the free services of an advocate, 4 to 6 hours per week, for the first 10 weeks postshelter. One hundred forty‐one battered women were interviewed about their experiences immediately upon their exit from a domestic violence shelter: 95% of the sample were interviewed 10 weeks thereafter (postintervention), and 93% were successfully tracked and interviewed 6 months later. At the 6‐month follow‐up, participants in both groups reported increased social support, increased quality of life, less depression, less emotional attachment to their assailants, and an increased sense of personal power. Although women in both groups reported some decrease in physical abuse over time, there were no statistically significant differences between those with and those without advocates, and abuse continued to be a problem for many women. Those who were still involved with their assailants continued to experience higher levels of abuse and had been more economically dependent upon the men prior to entering the shelter. Women who had worked with advocates continued to report being more satisfied with their overall quality of life than did the women in the control group.
The development of a mental health coalition: A case study
Authors: Nelson Geoffrey 
Published: October 2006

AbstractDescribed the development of a local‐level mental health coalition to advocate for housing and community support programs for psychiatric consumer/survivors. Resource mobilization theory was used as a framework from which to view and understand the origins, goals, tactics, and outcomes of the coalition. Data were presented indicating that the coalition played a role in obtaining increased funding for housing and community support programs. Also, there was an emphasis on consumer/survivor and family participation in the change process. Benefits and limitations of the coalition after 6 years of operation were reviewed and compared with other advocacy coalitions in mental health.
The multidimensional nature of received social support in gay men at risk of HIV infection and AIDS
Authors: Schwarzer Ralf , Dunkel-Schetter Christine , Kemeny Margaret 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThis article concerns received social support in gay men at risk of HIV and AIDS. Distinctions are made between three types of support (informational, tangible, emotional), four sources of support (friends, relatives, partner, organizations), and three dimensions of support (amount, satisfaction, reciprocity). A 24‐item inventory reflecting these distinctions was administered to a sample of 587 gay men at two points in time. The psychometric properties of the instrument were determined, and the factor structure of the items varying sources and types of social support were tested. This was done by exploratory as well as by confirmatory factor analyses. The hypothesized structure was confirmed in both waves separately. Results corroborated the assumption that enacted or received social support is a highly differentiated construct and requires assessment tools that are designed according. Descriptive results on the support perceptions in this sample are also presented. Implications for the study of support in men at risk of HIV and AIDS are discussed.
A longitudinal study of school adjustment in urban, minority adolescents: Effects of a high school transition program
Authors: Reyes Olga , Gillock Karen , Kobus Kimberly 
Published: October 2006

AbstractDescribed an intervention program designed to prepare elementary school (K‐8) eighth‐grade students for their transition to high school the following year. Participants in the study were 145, predominantly Hispanic, inner‐city public school adolescents. The experimental group received an augmented condition, consisting of Education and Peer Support Components. The control group received a minimal condition consisting of only the Education Component. While no group effects were observed, time effects indicated experimental and control students' improved perceptions of school readiness, but deteriorated perceptions of support from both home and school and diminished grade‐point averages and attendance. Time effects also revealed variable changes in school perceptions. Findings are discussed in terms of a developmental perspective of the school transition process. Implications for high school transition programming with the target population and directions for future research are also addressed.
A contextual‐behavioral model of empowerment: Case studies involving people with physical disabilities
Authors: Fawcett Stephen B. , White Glen W. , Balcazar Fabricio E. , Suarez-Balcazar Yolanda , Mathews R. Mark , Paine-Andrews Adrienne , Seekins Tom , Smith John F. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractWhen people with disabilities, ethnic minorities, older adults, women, and others lack power, they usually experience adverse conditions disproportionate to other members of society. Emproverment—the process by which people gain some control over valued events, outcomes, and resources—is an important construct for understanding and improving the lives of people of marginal status. This manuscript presents a contextual‐behavioral model of empowerment and its application in collaborative research with people with physical disabilities. The eight case studies illustrate 18 tactics for promoting empowerment that flow from the model. The case studies show the use of different combinations of empowerment tactics in a variety of contexts: (a) setting improvement agendas from the perspective of people with disabilities, (b) enforcing ordinances that preserve access to parking spaces designated for people with disabilities, (c) enabling access to homes through housing modifications, (d) enhancing support available through mutual‐aid groups, (e) developing skills for recruiting mentors, (f) promoting self‐directed behavior hange with personal and health concerns, (g) enhancing skills for personal self‐advocacy, and (h) building the capacities of groups of people with disabilities for systems advocacy. Finally, we discuss issues that may contribute to research and action related to empowerment.
Empowering the silent ranks: The Southeast Asian experience
Authors: Silka Linda , Tip Jahnvibol 
Published: October 2006

AbstractSoutheast Asians are among the fastest growing immigrant groups in the United States, yet the rich and varied Southeast Asian newcomer experiences remain underrepresented within the community psychology literature Much of this experience raises complex questions about the concept of empowerment. In this paper we summarize recent published work on the Southeast Asian experience. We will show that three themes have dominated extant work: (1) the importance of understanding the cultural dimensions of Southeast Asian experiences, including the ways in which broad differences between American and Southeast Asian culture call into question the suitability of Western approaches to intervention within the Southeast Asian community; (2) the importance of understanding the trauma and hardship of the immigration experience which accompanied the forced migration of many in the Southeast Asian community; and (3) the urgency of adopting effective strategies for addressing the pressing needs with this new immigrant community. Each of these themes potentially lends itself to an empowerment focus, but we will see that much of the work has been pursued in ways that are inconsistent with an empowerment perspective. We end the discussion with a consideration of what community psychology might gain from a deeper understanding of the Southeast Asian immigrant experience and we suggest possible areas for disciplinary involvement in Southeast Asian empowerment efforts.
Cracks in a postdisaster service delivery network
Authors: Gillespie David F. , Murty Susan A. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractPoor linkage cracks are defined and identified empirically in a postdisaster service delivery network. These cracks exist when essential services are provided only by isolated or peripheral clusters of organizations. Network analysis is used to identify the isolated and peripheral clusters of organizations. Measures of experience in responding to disasters and service capacity are used to identify the organizations whose services are essential in the network. Cracks prevent the network from responding effectively in the aftermath of a disaster. Suggestions are made for using network analysis to identify cracks and to improve planning and coordination in all kinds of service networks.
Social integration and social support in a life crisis: Effects of macrosocial change in east Germany
Authors: Schwarzer Ralf , Hahn André , Schröder Harry 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe breakdown of the former communist system in East Germany was a major critical life event for those who left that country as well as for those who stayed behind. When the borders were opened, a longitudinal study was launched to examine the psychological readaptation process. Some indicators of social changes of migrants compared to nonmigrants were available. At three points in time over 2 years, both groups reported on their social bonding and social support. Migrants readjusted well by making new friends. In particular, young men were socially active, and more same‐sex than opposite‐sex friendships were established. The group of young migrants reported having received the most support, in particular when they had a partner. Anticipated support, in contrast, was highest for young single women who did not migrate. Results contribute to the understanding of social dynamics that occur after a stressful relocation.
Biculturality among Puerto Rican adults in the United States
Authors: Cortés Dharma E. , Rogler Lloyd H. , Malgady Robert G. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractIdentified the concept of acculturation as a cornerstone of immigration research, while questioning assumptions about zero‐sum cultural change in acculturation scales and in procedures assessing biculturality. Involvements in the host society culture and the culture of origin should be assessed separately in order to reflect the complexities of the cultural interactions immigrants and their offspring experience. To evaluate this prescription, we convened focus groups of Puerto Rican adults to discuss their cultural experiences in Puerto Rico and in the United States. Discussions were content analyzed to develop acculturation items. Factor analysis of the responses of 403 first‐ and second‐generation adults yielded two general factors, involvement in American culture and involvement in Puerto Rican culture, which demonstrated modest reliability, relative independence, and moderate correlations with traditional acculturation scale validators. Results of the study challenge the assumption of mutual cultural exclusivity in acculturative change; enable the measurement of degree of biculturality; and provide future directions for the assessment of acculturation in domains other than language usage. The concept of acculturation is integrated with recent formulations in community psychology which advocate a deeper and more extensive commitment to studying the implications of cultural phenomena and greater focus on the growing cultural diversity in the United States.
Sequential validation of cluster analytic subtypes of homeless veterans
Authors: Humphreys Keith 
Published: October 2006

AbstractTo identify subgroups within the homeless population, a number of researchers have employed cluster analytic statistical procedures. Although this is an appropriate application of cluster analysis, many studies have not employed important statistical safeguards against arbitrary results. This study demonstrates a cluster analytic procedure—sequential validation—that enhances the replicability, external validity, and cross‐validity of cluster solutions. The procedure is applied to a nationwide sample of 745 homeless veterans. After 12 different clustering procedures were subjected to derivation, replication, external validation, and cross‐validation phases, a 4‐cluster Ward solution emerged as the most sound. Substantively, the clusters were an alcoholic subtype, a psychiatrically impaired subtype, a best functioning subtype, and a multiproblem subtype. The generalizability of these subgroups to other contexts was assessed by comparing them to subgroups identified in other homelessness research. Suggestions were made for improving the quality of cluster analytic research in community psychology.
Occupational conditions and workers' sense of community: Variations by gender and race
Authors: Lambert Susan J. , Hopkins Karen 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe literature is reviewed to define a sense of community in the workplace and to identify factors that may foster it. A model is developed and estimated with survey data from a culturally diverse sample of men and women performing lower‐level jobs at a medium‐sized manufacturing firm. Results of regression analyses are reported that correct for sample selection bias resulting from the lower response rates of minority workers. Findings suggest that well‐designed jobs and supportive workplace relationships and policies are important in explaining workers' sense of community, defined as workers' perceptions of mutual commitment between employee and employer. Informal sources of support play a larger role in explaining men's sense of community, while formal sources of support are more important in explaining women's sense of community. Findings further suggest that African American workers, especially women, have a difficult time experiencing a sense of community at work.