bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermodynamic topology of Kiselev-AdS black holes within f (R, T) gravity
Authors: Noori Gashti Saeed , Ali S. Afshar Mohammad , Reza Alipoury Mohammad , Sekhmani Yassine , Sadeghi Jafar , Rayimbaeva Javlon 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the topological charge and conditions for the existence of the photon sphere in Kiselev-anti-de Sitter (AdS) black holes within

gravity. Furthermore, we establish their topological classifications. We employ two different methods based on Duan’s topological current ϕ-mapping theory viz analysis of temperature and the generalized Helmholtz free energy methods to study the topological classes of our black hole. Considering this black hole, we discuss the critical and zero points (topological charges and topological numbers) for different parameters. Our findings reveal that the Kiselev parameter ω and

gravity parameter γ influence the number of topological charges of black holes, providing novel insights into topological classifications. We observe that for given values of the free parameters, total topological charges (

) exist for the T method and total topological numbers (

) for the generalized Helmholtz free energy method. Our research findings elucidate that, in contrast to the scenario in which

, in other cases, increasing γ increases the number of total topological charges for the black hole. Interestingly, for the phantom field (

), we observe that decreasing γ increases the number of topological charges. Additionally, we study the results for the photon sphere. The studied models reveal that the simultaneous presence of γ and ω effectively expands the permissible range for γ. In other words, the model can exhibit black hole behavior over a larger domain. Additionally, we observe that with the stepwise reduction of ω, the region covered by singularity diminishes and becomes more restricted. However, an interesting point about all three ranges is the elimination of the forbidden region in this model. In other words, this model and the investigated areas appear to have no region in which both the ϕ and metric functions simultaneously lack solutions. Additionally, we fully check the curvatures singularities and energy conditions for the mentioned black hole.
Design of 3 MeV electron linac prototype for irradiation research facility
Authors: Taufik  , Manasatitpong Keerati , Nuraini Elin , Darsono  
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The design of 3 MeV electron linac prototype for irradiation research facility has been done. The electron linac is designed to have a focusing beam and scanning beam outputs that can be used for multi-purpose applications. In this linac design, we decided to use a magnetron with a frequency of 2.998 GHz because it is cheaper than a klystron. We also decided to use a commercial electron gun to generate a beam current of 100 mA. The design was performed by simulating the electric field of the RF linac cavities using CST microwave studio program. Then, a particle tracking simulation was carried out using ASTRA code to check the linac cavities working well. The geometry of the cavity plays a role in producing a good design. Therefore, the optimal parameters can be obtained by varying its geometry. The design result shows that the linac cavities can resonate at frequency of 2.998 GHz and can accelerate electron beam up to 3 MeV. The cavity bore size of 3.5 mm is sufficient to pass most of the particles to the end of the cavity. Meanwhile, the required RF peak power for operating 100 mA electron beam peak current is 0.8631 MW with a repetition rate of 200 Hz.
Image fusion method for industrial X-Ray dual energy computed tomography based on VGG-19 network for improved image quality
Authors: Tris Susanto Andeka , Faqih Abdullah Febrian , Budi Sulistyo Jos , Prajitno Prawito , Kurnianto Kristedjo , Putu Susila I , Ardjo Pawiro Supriyanto 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Currently, industrial X-ray computed tomography (CT) is widely used to test the quality of production results. However, the main problem with conventional CT is testing multi-material samples which produce such image imperfections as artifacts, noise, lack of contrast, and missing parts of detail. In this research, image acquisition for multi-material samples uses dual-energy X-ray computed tomography (DECT) to obtain low-and high-energy images. The image fusion method used to combine the two source images uses the VGG-19 network architecture. The source image fusion procedure, namely the VGG-19 network created, is used to extract in-depth features in the detailed part of the combined image, while the basic image features are combined directly by averaging the weights on the basic features. The proposed method is compared with other commonly used image fusion methods, namely discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and squeeze-and-excitation spatial frequency (SESF). Projection images acquired by self-developed 80 kV-160 kV DECT were used to evaluate the performance of these methods. Evaluation metric of fusion results is carried out using several image quality measurement parameters including structural similarity index measure (SSIM), feature mutual information (FMI), and noise added by the fusion (Nabf). The sample that has the best average metric value is the spark plug with the highest value of FMIdct evaluation metric is 2.96×10−1, FMIpixel value is 9.70×10−1, FMIw value is 3.69×10−1, SSIM value is 9.92×10−1, and the lowest Nabf value is 3.82×10−3. Experimental results show that the proposed method can produce fused images that are generally better than other comparison methods. The proposed method can improve image quality, the resulting tomographic image has less noise, good contrast, and can maintain object structure. This research implies that imaging using industrial X-ray CT can obtain more informative and accurate image results, especially for testing multi-material samples.
Mapping of seawater intrusion in coastal areas using resistivity geoelectric method in Dukuhseti, Pati
Authors: Koesuma Sorja , Afrian Pratama Daniel , Legowo Budi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Seawater mapping of the coastal area of the Dukuhseti District was carried out using the resistivity geoelectric method. The resistivity geoelectric method measures subsurface-specific resistance by passing an electric current into the ground. This geoelectric method uses a 1D Schlumberger configuration, and measurement is done at 12 points. Based on 1D data, seawater intrusion is present in shallow aquifers with a 5 to 50 meters depth range. Resistivity in shallow aquifers containing saltwater at 0.1Ωm - 2.5Ωm, low resistivity indicates the presence of saltwater rocks. Saltwater is not indicated at some locations with a long distance from the coast, 2000-3000 meters. The location has a shallow aquifer containing fresh water with a high enough resistivity. Deep aquifers contain fresh water at most measurement points, at 60-100 meters deep. The resistivity in the deep aquifer ranges from 10-30 Ωm; the resistivity value includes aquifers that contain fresh water in the sand layer, which has high permeability.
Identification of geothermal energy sources using gravity method (Satellite Gravimetry) in the Mount Lawu Area
Authors: Koesuma Sorja , Salsabila Sanjaya Azizah , Nuryani Nuryani 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Mount Lawu, an active volcano in a tectonically active zone, presents significant potential for geothermal energy exploration. A study using the gravity method with data from the GRACE, GOCE, and EGM-2008 satellites with 2013 data. This research utilizes data from the GGM+ satellite because the data obtained is already corrected for free-air anomalies (FAA) and processed to eliminate various effects such as tides, drift, and latitude, which impact gravity measurements to produce accurate data. Additionally, satellite data have gravimeter sensors that have already compiled and corrected the data, minimizing human error. The measurements are also taken at relatively the same altitude, with the aim of revealing a subsurface structure dominated by volcanic rocks, such as tuff, breccia, and volcanic rocks from Mount Jobolarangan, along with andesite lava, basaltic igneous rocks, quartz metamorphic rocks, and volcanic sand. Four fault structures were identified, particularly in the western region, which are believed to facilitate the movement of hot fluids, indicating geothermal potential. This research contributes valuable insights for geothermal energy exploration at Mount Lawu, supporting both scientific advancement and the development of environmentally friendly energy solutions.
Abrasion Damage of Concrete for Hydraulic Structures after Exposure to Freeze-thaw Cycles
Authors: Shao Kean , Wang Tian , Wu Min 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Concrete for hydraulic structures in cold regions is exposed to not only abrasion damage or hydraulic wear but also freeze-thaw (FT) damage. FT cycles may lead to surface or internal damage (though sometimes not observable) which would accelerate abrasion damage and further reduce the durability of hydraulic structures. In this work, a detailed experimental program was proposed to study concrete under the combined action of FT damage and hydraulic abrasion. More specifically, the concrete was first subjected to different FT cycles (0, 50, 75, 100 cycles) and then followed by abrasion test using a sediment-laden flow impact test method. Important parameters including compressive strength, ultrasonic pulse velocity, relative mass loss, abrasion depth as well as its distribution were tested to evaluate the concrete properties. The results indicated that both compressive strength and UPV results show the deterioration of concrete as the FT cycles increase, and air entrainment helps in reducing the deterioration of the properties in general. The exposure of concrete to FT cycles further accelerates the abrasion damage, while air entrainment is not very helpful in reducing the abrasion caused mass loss. Comprehensive analysis of the abraded surfaces is essential to reveal important characteristics of concrete abrasion damage.
Estimation of shear capacity for RC short columns using neural networks
Authors: Qi Yap Yong , Alih Sophia C. , Vafaei Mohammadreza 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Reinforced concrete (RC) short columns have suffered significant damage during past earthquakes, demonstrating a brittle shear failure. Many design codes lack a specific equation to estimate the shear capacity of RC short columns; consequently, engineers have relied on existing equations for ordinary beams and columns. However, it has been shown that these equations do not accurately estimate the shear capacity of RC short columns. This study aims to develop a feedforward neural network model to predict the shear capacity of RC short columns under uni-directional seismic excitation. A dataset consisting of 57 test results and 258 simulations was prepared. The influential parameters affecting the shear capacity of RC short columns were identified and used as inputs for the neural networks in two scenarios. The first scenario included eight input parameters, while the second scenario contained six input parameters. Results indicated that both scenarios predicted the shear capacity of RC short columns with good accuracy; however, the first scenario yielded smaller prediction errors.
100 years of X-ray Kossel micro-diffraction and its advantages versus the exclusive application of EBSD: From the prediction to current developments A tribute to the memory of Priv.-Doz. Dr. habil. Siegfried Däbritz
Authors: Langer E 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The year 2024 marks the 100th anniversary of the prediction of X-ray interferences from lattice sources by W. Kossel. The μ-X-ray Kossel Diffraction (μXKD) can be easily applied in combination with EBSD as additional complementary diffraction method in a SEM or in a microprobe. It has the highest informational content and precision compared to conventional diffraction methods. It is simply possible to use one single scintillator CCD detector combination to observe both diffraction methods, which will be especially discussed more in detail here, as our group has successfully demonstrated over 25 years. A historical overview of selected applications will be given as review, besides of precise local lattice constants measurements, the determination of phase angles of the structure factor and polar planes in non-centrosymmetric crystals at the semiconductors GaP and GaAs, the estimation of dislocation densities in sinter model materials, the local measurement of the thermal conductivity as well as thermal expansion coefficients and the phase identification in Au-Ti diffusion zones as example.
Coupled SEM-EDS-RAMAN: A complimentary approach for characterisation – Application to geomaterials
Authors: Wille G , Lahondère D , Kloppmann W 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
A combination of morphological, chemical, and crystallographic analysis is frequently required to characterise materials. Spectroscopic and/or imaging techniques are required to access a thorough knowledge of the sample, to better understand the structural, chemical, and textural factors that control their properties, their behaviour, and their reactivity, … Among these techniques, scanning electron microscopy and micro-Raman (μ-Raman) spectroscopy occupy a major place and have often been combined. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) provides information on morphology, topography, and chemistry, supplemented by electron beam-based techniques providing chemical or crystallographic information (EDS, WDS, EBSD, cathodoluminescence, etc.). μ-Raman is also widely used in materials characterisation. In geoscience, Raman offers information that includes, among others, polymorphism, crystallography, temperature and stress effects, complementary to that obtained from SEM. Both are often used in parallel. Switching from one to the other is in some cases considered a problem that cannot be solved easily. Then, coupling SEM-EDS and Raman on a unique system is an efficient method for the physicochemical characterisation at the micro/nanometric scale. The technical aspects of coupling are described, as well as practical aspects and limitations inherent in this coupling. The interest will be illustrated by application examples, including cultural heritage, and naturally occurring asbestos (NOA).
Feasibility study of synchronously increasing dose of multi-shell structure to improve stereotactic ablation radiotherapy central dose of large volume locally advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumors using cyberKnife
Authors: Xu Hui , Jia Zhen , Li Xiongfei , Li Mingzhu , Lin Hongyu , Bian Yunfei , Wang Wei , Zhang Lian , Li Ying 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
. Increasing the central dose for large, locally advanced, drug-resistant gastrointestinal stromal tumors (LADR-GISTs) has consistently been a significant challenge. This study explores the feasibility of using multiple shell structures within the tumor to enhance the central ablation dose of large LADR-GIST by increasing the shell doses.
Methods and Materials
. This study involved five patients with large LADR-GIST who were treated with CyberKnife. The gross tumor volume (GTV) was delineated as a multi-shell structure. Five dose escalation plans (SIB-SBRT) were created for each patient, varying the dose escalation ratios. The radiation doses for the center of the GTV (GTV center) in these plans ranged from 49 Gy to 70 Gy. Parameter evaluations were conducted comparing the SIB-SBRT plans with conventional SBRT plans (Con-SBRT), focusing on equivalent uniform dose (EUD), relative equivalent uniform dose (rEUD), dose volume parameters, conformal index (CI), new conformal index (nCI), gradient index (GI), and monitor unit (MU). The Friedman Test was employed to determine statistical differences (P < 0.05), followed by pairwise comparisons.
Results
. When the dose escalation ratios reached 25% of the prescribed dose, the average rEUD increased to 6.92, and the proportion of the GTV volume with Biologically Equivalent Dose (BED)> 100 Gy increased to 30.69%. At dose escalation ratios of 30% of the prescribed dose, the rEUD stabilized, but the radiation dose received by the bladder, colon, and duodenum significantly increased. Except for the SIB25-SBRT and SIB30-SBRT groups, no statistically significant differences were observed between the other SIB-SBRT groups and the Con-SBRT group across various evaluation metrics.
Conclusions
. The method of synchronously increasing the dose using a multi-shell structure is feasible for stereotactic ablation in the treatment of LADR-GISTs using CyberKnife. The results indicate that dose escalation ratios of 25% of the prescribed dose can provide a satisfactory ablation dose (BED > 100 Gy), covering 31% of the large tumor volume.
Korngold, Materiality, and Worldbuilding
Authors: Winters Ben 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Chapter 5 shows how Korngold’s film scores can be thought of as a material, even a “sounding,” presence in the worlds of his characters. As such, they challenge standard theoretical models concerned with music’s narrative source in film. The chapter then explores the ways in which Korngold’s scores can be interrogated in terms of the modern onscreen subjectivities they might appear to illuminate. In other words, in regarding music as somehow fundamental to the worlds we see onscreen, rather than merely part of the film’s presentation of those worlds, a newfound significance is found for the score’s ability to contribute to critical spaces where gender, disability, and race might be brought into sharper focus.
Models of Emerging Adults’ Financial Literacy
Authors: Lep Žan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Financial literacy is an important precursor of positive financial outcomes and is crucial for good financial functioning in an ever-changing economy. Because young people acquire knowledge and develop skills that influence future behavior, the importance of financial literacy in emerging adulthood should not be understated. In the literature, financial literacy comprises a range of concepts including financial knowledge, skills, attitudes, and behaviors, but some also state that financial literacy should be considered not as the goal but rather as the means to favorable financial behavior and well-being. Thus, the chapter provides a narrative review of extant definitions of financial literacy, how its aspects could be interrelated, and presents two models that consider financial literacy within the financial socialization paradigm. Finally, it discusses how financial literacy relates to other constructs, how it could be measured, and what we should consider when working with diverse emerging adults in fostering their financial flourishing.
Feeding the Critique of Standards with Waste
Authors: Arnold Nadine 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Standards permeate society, promising quality and values as well as compatibility and coordination. Focusing on food systems, this chapter explains how standards fulfil their promises through exclusion. Specifically, it illuminates how food standards generate waste through hierarchization, filtering, and division processes, and the reactions provoked by these processes. Two reactions that diverge in their approach—one that adds new standards and another that bypasses existing standards—stand out. In both reactions, the waste excluded by standards rebounds and standards continue to play a pivotal role. This chapter refines the critique of the excluding nature of standards, highlights that mitigating reactions drive standards’ pervasiveness, and concludes with an appeal for a more reflective approach to standards.
From Refuse to Refusal
Authors: Solomon Marisa 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Within the material worlds of racial capitalism, waste produces and is produced by anti-Black geographies. From landfill siting to a patchwork of regulatory authority, violent geographies are an asset to waste management. Living and working in the United States, it becomes clear that where landfills are sited exposes the long durée of racist economic enclosures as a method by which waste is ‘disappeared’. What if we were to approach the landfill differently? Not primarily as the site that manages waste’s ‘imagined’ end, but a technique of enclosure that socializes, racializes, and naturalizes a set of meanings? This chapter argues that under these conditions, Black people’s living mounts an environmental critique (a refusal) of the landfill as a technology of racial capitalism.
Waste as a Critique of the Concept of the Economy
Authors: Gille Zsuzsa 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This chapter advances a critique of the concept of the economy made possible by waste as an entry point of analysis. First, it argues that in contrast to the assumptions of both Marxist and liberal approaches, the economy is not simply about producing value; it is a sphere in which value begets waste, waste begets value and waste begets waste. Second, it evaluates the promise of Michel Callon’s economization framework to remedy this shortcoming. Callon’s goal is to focus on processes and actors that make the economy and thereby show points of entry for concerns and people usually left out of the narrow circle of sellers and buyers. By demonstrating how his ideas are in evidence in today’s zero-waste and circular economy projects, I conclude that this theory of economization neither transcends the value-centred perspective of economics, nor does it guarantee that it will become more democratic and environmentally sustainable.
Waste, Temporalities, and Critique on Event-Based Environment Justice
Authors: Wang Kun , Wang Raymond Yu 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This chapter explores the intersection of waste, temporalities, and environmental justice in China’s production wastescapes. It emphasizes the gradual, insidious harms that accrue over protracted periods, often mirroring the slow violence of systemic and structural constraints. It theorizes the dispersed village industrial wastescapes and toxic agricultural wastescapes in China’s Pearl River Delta as a project of conceded harm. In this context, local communities and rural migrants actively participate in an opportunistic and short-term developmental trajectory co-orchestrated by the state and transnational firms as a response to the exigencies of their circumstances. This orchestrated short-termism in China’s political-economic transition highlights the pivotal concerns of intergenerational injustices and the internal heterogeneity of marginalized groups. These arise from the uneven apportionment of benefits and burdens among disparate community members and across generational divides in grappling with the ethical paradox birthed by the tension between developmentalism and the environmentalism of the poor.
Waste and the Historical Future
Authors: Riebeling Zachary 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This chapter explores how waste can serve as a critical foundation for rethinking our conceptions of historical time. In recent years, theorists of history have been interrogating the future, asking what it has become in the face of impending upheavals that threaten human existence. Waste, despite its role in all manner of crises, has not been integrated into this new body of theory on the historical future. Considering both waste-as-object and waste-as-practice, this chapter unfolds the effects of waste on historical time by arguing that wasting is an act of sovereignty as well as a maker of Anthropocene time. Focusing on non-biodegradable detritus, it argues that wasting as an act is an expression of a deep anxiety about a temporality that outstrips familiar human reckonings of life-spans and generations. Pieces of waste, in this theorization, are in part artifacts of the future, comprised of material we know will outlast us into a future that we shy away from comprehending.