bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐performance liquid chromatography‐electrospray ionization mass spectrometry determination of mitiglinide in human plasma and its pharmacokinetics
Authors: Liang Jiabi , Tian Yuan , Zhang Zunjian , Feng Shudan , Zhao Yanan , Mao Guoguang 
Published: December 2006

AbstractA selective and sensitive method employing high‐performance liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization mass spectrometry was developed and validated for the determination of mitiglinide in human plasma.With gliclazide as the internal standard, mitiglinide was extracted from plasma with n‐hexane: = 80 : 20 (v/v). The organic layer was evaporated and the residue was redissolved in methanol: water (10 mM CH3COONH4, pH = 3.0) = 65 : 35 (v/v). An aliquot of 10 µl was chromatographically analyzed on a prepacked Shimadzu VP‐ODS (5 µm, 150 × 2.0 mm i.d.) using the mobile phase comprising methanol: water (10 mM CH3COONH4) = 65 : 35 (v/v) by means of selected‐ion monitoring mode mass spectrometry. Standard curves were linear (r2 = 0.9972) over the concentration range of 2.84–11 300 pmol/ml and had good accuracy and precision. The within‐ and between‐batch precisions of the method were within 15% of standard deviation. The lower limit of detection was 1.42 pmol/ml. The validated HPLC/ESI‐MS method has been successfully applied in the pharmacokinetics of mitiglinide in 12 healthy Chinese volunteers. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Isomeric identification by laser control mass spectrometry
Authors: Dela Cruz Johanna M. , Lozovoy Vadim V. , Dantus Marcos 
Published: December 2006

AbstractThe influence shaped femtosecond laser pulses have on molecular photofragmentation and ionization, coupled with the intrinsic sensitivity of mass spectrometry, results in a powerful tool for fast, accurate, reproducible and quantitative isomeric identification. Complex phase functions are introduced to enhance differences during the laser–molecule interactions, which depend on geometric structure, resulting in different fragmentation fingerprints. A full account is given on the setup and results leading to a technique that can be used to distinguish between compounds normally indistinguishable by conventional electron ionization mass spectrometry. We demonstrate geometric and structural isomer identification of cis‐/trans‐3‐heptene, cis‐/trans‐4‐methyl‐2‐pentene, o‐/p‐cresol and o‐/p‐xylene. For the positional isomers of xylene we present a complete dataset consisting of 1024 different phases to explore phase complexity. A selection of two phases from that data can then be used to achieve quantitative identification in mixtures of xylene isomers. Finally, we evaluate receiver operational curves obtained from our experimental data to demonstrate the reliability that can be achieved by femtosecond laser control mass spectrometry. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A quantitative approach to evaluate the problem of coherence of spectral components of the third‐order susceptibility generating coherent anti‐Stokes Raman signals
Authors: Marrocco Michele 
Published: December 2006

AbstractPrecise interpretation of spectral measurements is central to the development of the full extent of the applicative potential of coherent anti‐Stokes Raman spectroscopy (CARS). One recognized problem that jeopardizes the achievement of high precision is the determination of the best spectral convolution over the relevant bandwidths when degeneracy of laser frequencies is involved. Although the analytical solutions of CARS signals generated by pump and Stokes lasers with standard (i.e. Gaussian or Lorentzian) lineshapes are well known, research in this field has overlooked the criterion on how to discern coherence between spectral components of the third‐order nonlinear susceptibility. Understandably, the ordinary approach is based on an intuitive comparison between the spectral width σ1 of the pump laser with respect to the width Γ of the relevant Raman transitions. More precisely, if σ1 ≪ Γ, then the spectral synthesis can be obtained in the limit of narrowband pump; otherwise spectral coherence has to be included in the calculation leading to problematic spectral analysis. In an attempt to clarify this qualitative criterion better, the present work demonstrates that the limit between the two opposite regimes can have a clearer and neater definition than that accepted so far. In this case, this paper shows that for nonoverlapping Raman transitions determined by a Lorentzian susceptibility, the issue is governed by the analytic function $\sqrt{\pi}\Gamma \exp [(\Gamma/\sigma_{1})^{2}]$ erfc(Γ/σ1)/σ1, which depends uniquely on the ratio Γ/σ1. The unitary limit of this function for σ1 ≪ Γ justifies the incoherent or the narrowband‐pump approach. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A fully matched 9 W compact PHEMT MMIC high power amplifier for X‐band phase array radar applications
Authors: Chu Chen‐Kuo , Huang Hou‐Kuei , Liu Hong‐Zhi , Chiu Jui‐Chieh , Lin Che‐Hung , Hsu Chuan‐Chien , Wu Chang‐Luen. , Chang Chian‐Sern , Wang Yeong‐Her 
Published: December 2006

AbstractThis paper presents a compact X‐band, 9 W AlGaAs/InGaAs/GaAs PHEMT MMIC high power amplifier. This amplifier is designed to fully match a 50 Ω input and output impedance. Based on 0.35 μm gate‐length power PHEMT technology, a two‐stage power amplifier is fabricated on a 3‐mil thick wafer. While operating under 9 V DC bias condition, the characteristics of 17 dB small‐signal gain, an average of 9 W continuous‐wave output power, and 34% power added efficiency from 9.0 to 10.5 GHz can be achieved. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 257–261, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22102
Extraction of effective metamaterial parameters by parameter fitting of dispersive models
Authors: Lubkowski G. , Schuhmann R. , Weiland T. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractEffective electric permittivity and magnetic permeability for metamaterial structures are extracted from 3D field simulation data. The equivalent representation of the metamaterial is a homogeneous slab described with parameterized dispersive Drude and Lorentz models. The parameters of dispersive models are obtained by optimization. Proposed approach is applied to the extraction of effective material parameters for double negative metamaterial cells. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 285–288, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22105
Improved zoning rule for designing square Fresnel zone plate lenses
Authors: Minin I. V. , Minin O. V. , Petosa A. , Thirakoune S. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractAn improved zoning rule is presented for designing a square Fresnel zone plate lens (FZPL). This new rule results in a higher gain when the FZPL is used as an antenna element or can enhance the focusing properties of the square FZPL when used to collimate an incident plane wave. The derivation of this improved zoning rule is presented along with simulated results for some typical cases. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 276–278, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22108
A novel ultra wideband bandpass filter using microstrip double‐ring resonators
Authors: Liu Wei , Ma Zhewang , Chen Chun‐Ping , Zheng Guoxin , Anada Tetsuo 
Published: December 2006

AbstractAn ultra wideband bandpass filter with sharp‐rejection is proposed by using a new structure of double ring resonators. The double ring resonator generates a couple of attenuation poles, and its operation mechanism is made clear through the even‐ and odd‐mode analysis of the circuit. The stopband of the filter can be significantly widened by cascading the double ring resonators. A two‐stage microstrip bandpass filter with a 3‐dB fractional bandwidth of 80% is designed, fabricated, and tested. The measured frequency response of the filter validates well the theoretical analysis and electromagnetic simulation. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 303–305, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22117
Design of a high efficiency power amplifier with input and output harmonic terminations
Authors: Ooi S. F. , Lee S. K. , Sambell A. , Korolkiewicz E. , Butterworth P. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractIn this article it is shown, how, using the load/source pull method to generate the current/voltage waveforms of a class‐F power amplifier, the optimum load, and source impedances at the first three harmonics are obtained. Novel harmonic controllable matching networks are then used to obtain the required impedances, thus improving the power‐added efficiency to 70.4%. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 391–395, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22123
An analytical approach to the reconstruction of the radiating currents in inverse electromagnetic scattering
Authors: Chiappe M. , Gragnani G. L. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractAn analytical approach to inverse electromagnetic scattering is proposed. A two‐dimensional geometry is considered. A closed‐form singular value decomposition of the scattering integral operator is derived and is used to reconstruct the radiating components of the equivalent current density. This is the first step toward a more complete solution that will account for the nonradiating currents, too, and will be used to compute the dielectric features of the body under test. Numerical simulations show the capabilities of the method to reconstruct the radiating current. The model resolution kernel of the scattering operator can be also easily derived. By virtue of the closed‐form solution, results can be achieved in a very short computational time. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 354–360, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22125
Analytical model for the transconductance of microwave AlmGa1−mN/GaN HEMTs including nonlinear macroscopic polarization and parasitic MESFET conduction
Authors: Chattopadhyay Manju K. , Tokekar Sanjiv 
Published: December 2006

AbstractAn improved nonlinear analytical model is presented for calculating the transconductance of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs. The model uses a polynomial dependence of the sheet carrier density on the position of the Fermi energy level, and is valid from subthreshold region to high conduction region. It also highlights the importance of including nonlinear macroscopic polarization in calculating the 2‐DEG sheet carrier concentration at the AlGaN/GaN heterointerface. Current–voltage characteristics developed from the present model include the effects of field dependent mobility, velocity saturation, channel length modulation, and parasitic source and drain resistances. The model is extended to include the parasitic conduction through the AlGaN layer, which reduces the transconductance (gm) at high gate voltages. The present model is based on closed form expression and does not involve any fitting parameter or excessive computation. The results obtained are in good agreement with published experimental data. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 382–389, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22126
A stubby monopole antenna for UMTS mobile phones with E911 function
Authors: Liu Yung‐Tao 
Published: December 2006

AbstractA stubby monopole antenna for UMTS (universal mobile telecommunication system) mobile phones with the E911 function for locating wireless users is presented. The antenna is easily fabricated from a single metal plate and occupies a cross‐sectional area of 9.5 × 10 mm2 and a length of 23 mm. Further, the antenna shows a wide operating bandwidth of about 905 MHz (1502–2407 MHz), making it easy to cover the UMTS band and the GPS (global positioning system) operation at 1575 MHz for mobile/E911 dual‐mode operation of a mobile phone. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 380–382, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22127
Design of omnidirectional broadband metal‐plate monopole antennas
Authors: Valderas D. , de No J. , Meléndez J. , Sancho I. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractThis article provides a study of monopoles derived from planar configurations by repeated plate rotation. A comparison of four prototypes shows that an increasing number of plates broadens the H‐plane 100% pattern uniformity bandwidth. At the same time, a very broad impedance bandwidth is achieved for all the configurations (1.2 to 50+ GHz VSWR < 2 typical). Thus, the design takes into account both omnidirectional and matching radiation at the same time. Pulse distortion is also discussed, along with VSWR, radiation patterns, gain stability, and uniformity values over the bandwidth. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 375–379, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22130
Compact semilumped bandstop resonators using the capacitively loaded parallel‐coupled microstrip line
Authors: Lee Ju Gab , Lee Wu Seong , Ryu Jae Jong , Moon Yeon Kwan , Jang Joong Ho , Kim Ha Chul , Choi Hyun Chul 
Published: December 2006

AbstractCompact semilumped bandstop resonators are simply designed using parallel‐coupled microstrip line and lumped capacitors. The lumped capacitors loaded in between coupled lines increase the odd mode electrical length, and the frequency of transmission zero can be controlled by the lumped capacitors. For the accurate estimation of the transmission zero frequency, the four‐port impedance parameter is derived using the even/odd mode analysis in an inhomogeneous dielectric medium. Two types of the bandstop resonators are proposed using the coupled line with the length of λg/8 (@2 GHz), and the calculated and measured results of transmission zero frequency are compared in 1–3 GHz ranges. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 367–369, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22135
A directive patch antenna with metamaterial structure
Authors: Weng Zi‐bin , Wang Nai‐biao , Jiao Yong‐chang , Zhang Fu‐shun 
Published: December 2006

AbstractA new method to improve the gain of patch antenna with metamaterial composed of ring aperture lattice is presented. The influences of the number of metamaterial layers and a comparison of electromagnetic characteristics between the conventional patch antenna and the new metamaterial patch antenna are studied by using numerical simulation method. Then, a patch antenna with the metamaterial is fabricated and measured. The simulation and experimental results show that this method is effective and this structure can realize congregating the radiation energy, thus the gain of the antenna with metamaterial can greatly increase when compared with the conventional one. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 456–459, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22146
A compact and low‐loss sub‐millimeter‐wave ultra‐wideband bandpass filter
Authors: Cai Peng , Ma Zhewang , Guan Xuehui , Zheng Guoxin , Anada Tetsuo , Hagiwara Gen 
Published: December 2006

AbstractThis paper presents a new compact, low‐loss sub‐millimeter‐wave ultra‐wideband (UWB) bandpass filter (BPF) designed for vehicular radar systems. A dual‐mode ring resonator loaded with two 3λ0/4 open stubs is used in the filter to realize a passband width of about 30%. In order to widen the stopbands of the filter significantly, a multiple‐mode parallel‐coupled line structure is introduced at the output of the ring resonator. Due to the transmission zeros in the lower and upper stopbands of the filter produced by the dual‐mode ring resonator and the multiple‐mode parallel‐coupled line structure, the filter exhibits good performance including sharp attenuations near the passband, and an extremely wide stopband, together with low insertion and return losses in the passband. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 481–484, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22149
Single mode optical waveguides based on photodefinable benzocyclobutene (BCB 4024–40) polymer
Authors: Ibrahim M. H. , Lee Shuh‐Ying , Chin Mee‐Koy , Kassim N. M. , Mohammad A. B. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractThe fabrication and characterization process of BenzoCyclobutene (BCB 4024–40) polymer waveguides are described. The polymer film thickness for various coating speed and refractive index are measured by the method of prism coupling. A cost effective chemical etching technique is used in the waveguide fabrication process to take advantage of the photosensitive nature of the polymer. The waveguide loss is measured using the conventional cut back method which results on an average loss of 3.5 dB/cm. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 479–481, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22150
Generation of low jitter single mode ultrashort optical pulse at arbitrary repetition rate
Authors: Wang Yun‐Cai , Wang An‐Bang 
Published: December 2006

AbstractA modified injection seeding setup, which can generate low jitter single mode picosecond optical pulses independent of the repetition rate in principle, was presented in this article. With a gain‐switched DFB laser diode employed as the external injection seeding, a gain‐switched Fabry–Perot laser diode can generate single mode ultrashort optical pulses with 0.76 ps jitter and 24.5 dB side‐mode‐suppression ratios. The time window of jitter decrease for the DFB laser injection pulses, in which the FP laser pulses are insensitive to its repetition rate, is numerically simulated and experimentally demonstrated. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 447–450, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22157
Formulation of resonant frequency for compact rectangular microstrip antennas
Authors: Deshmukh Amit A. , Kumar Girish 
Published: December 2006

AbstractThe approximate equations to calculate the resonant length of various compact rectangular microstrip antennas like, C‐shaped, H‐shaped, and rectangular ring microstrip antenna, are proposed. The error in the calculated resonance frequency is <5%. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 498–501, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22161
Octaveband slant polarized square slot loop antenna
Authors: Rao Patnam Hanumantha , Naragani Lenin 
Published: December 2006

AbstractA printed square slot loop antenna capable of radiating slant 45‐degree polarized signals over a wideband is presented. A radial wideband stub feeds the square slot loop at the diagonal and the antenna exhibits an impedance and radiation bandwidth of more than octaveband (1.7 to 3.5 GHz). © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 470–473, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22164
Problem of singularity in Ludwig's algorithm
Authors: Meng Wang , Nan Wang , Changhong Liang 
Published: December 2006

AbstractLudwig's algorithm is an algorithm that is widely used in physical optics method. However, the problem of singularity always exist both in the original Ludwig's algorithm and the Ludwig's algorithm based on triangular mesh. Because of this, the problem of singularity is studied further in this paper and a more logical solution to the problem is presented. The validity of the solution given can be seen from the numerical results. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 400–403, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22168
Frequency agile active microstrip antenna
Authors: Gautam A. K. , Vishvakarma B. R. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractA new technique for designing the frequency agile microstrip antenna is presented. The frequency agility is achieved by symmetrical loading of two identical MOS capacitors at the radiating edge of the patch, in which the operating frequency of the rectangular microstrip antenna is electronically controlled by the bias voltage of MOS capacitors. Theoretical model for the antenna is developed using modal cavity model approach and results are also simulated with MOM based simulator. The tuning range is found to be 1.527 GHz (61.09%), which is much better than earlier reported data and the unloaded patch radiator. Antenna shows consistent return loss and radiation pattern for the entire tunable frequency range. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 431–434, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22174
An essential role for CCAAT/enhancer binding protein β in bleomycin‐induced pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Hu B , Ullenbruch MR , Jin H , Gharaee‐Kermani M , Phan SH 
Published: December 2006

AbstractPulmonary fibrosis is characterized by inflammation, genesis of myofibroblasts, and abnormal tissue repair. Despite extensive research, its pathogenesis remains incompletely understood. Previously, the transcription factor CCAAT/enhancer binding protein β (C/EBPβ) was found to be a key regulator of myofibroblast differentiation in vitro, and to be involved in the acute phase and inflammatory responses. In an attempt to test the role of C/EBPβ in the development of pulmonary fibrosis, experiments using C/EBPβ null mice and their wild‐type littermates were conducted. Our findings indicated that, compared to wild‐type mice, animals deficient in C/EBPβ showed significantly reduced fibrotic lesions and collagen deposition in the lung upon endotracheal injection of bleomycin. Further studies on the mechanisms by which C/EBPβ regulates fibrosis indicated that knockout of C/EBPβ attenuates inflammatory cytokine expression in bleomycin‐treated mice. The reduced α‐smooth muscle actin gene expression in either isolated lung fibroblasts or lung tissue from bleomycin or saline‐treated C/EBPβ deficient mice suggests that C/EBPβ regulates myofibroblast differentiation during fibrosis. Consistent with this finding, cells from C/EBPβ deficient mice exhibited higher proliferative rates than those from wild‐type mice. These data suggest that C/EBPβ plays an essential role in pulmonary fibrosis and that this role appears to be multifactorial with respect to cytokine expression, cell differentiation, and proliferation. Copyright © 2006 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.