bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Painful Left Bundle Branch Block Syndrome: A Systematic Review of Treatment Strategies in Case Reports
Authors: Silva Rodrigo Rufino Pereira , Magalhães Carolina Jerônimo , da Silva Caio Correia , Neto José Nunes de Alencar 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundPainful left bundle branch block (PLBBB) syndrome remains a poorly understood cardiac anomaly. This systematic review consolidates case report evidence to elucidate effective management strategies and patient outcomes.MethodsDatabases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Scielo were searched without restrictions on language or publication date. Following PRISMA guidelines, 128 articles were identified, with 31 meeting inclusion criteria. Data were extracted on patient demographics, clinical presentation, treatment regimens, and outcomes using Microsoft Excel and assessed for bias with the Joanna Briggs Institute's tool.ResultsThe analysis included 45 patients with a mean age of 55.46 ± 12.23. Predominantly, LBBB episodes occurred during exercise (73.3%). Initial treatments comprised beta‐blockers/calcium channel blockers (55.56%), pacemaker implantation (13.3%), antianginal medications (13.3%), and other modalities (17.7%). Refractoriness to initial treatment was observed in 66.7% of patients, with subsequent pacemaker implantation resolving symptoms in most cases. An overall satisfactory response was seen in 73.3% of patients post‐treatment adjustments.ConclusionsThe diverse approaches in treatment highlight the necessity for tailored therapeutic strategies. While pacemakers have demonstrated efficacy in controlling symptoms in several reported cases, it is essential to recognize the complex nature of this intervention. Pacemaker implantation, being a surgical procedure, carries long‐lasting implications for patients. Hence, the continuation of pharmacological treatments might still be preferable until more definitive research is available. This review emphasizes the urgent need for further research to establish evidence‐based guidelines, particularly concerning the selection of first line of treatment, to optimize outcomes for PLBBB syndrome.
Can self‐compassion mitigate the negative consequences of insecure attachment on the incidence of self‐harm in young adults? The relationship between self‐harm, attachment and self‐compassion
Authors: Lichvárová Petra , Šoková Bronislava , Linderová Nina 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIntroductionThis study explores self‐compassion as a mediator in the relationship between attachment and self‐harm. Self‐harm represents a maladaptive coping strategy, meanwhile suicidal self‐harm is the third most common cause of premature death among young people worldwide. Therefore, it is necessary to expand research on self‐harm and explore potential protective factors. Our main research hypothesis was that self‐compassion mediates the relationship between attachment and self‐harm based on the empirical and theoretical evidence presented.MethodFour hundred and two participants recruited online completed a questionnaire consisting of scales measuring self‐harming behaviour, adult attachment and self‐compassion.ResultsWe found that both attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance positively predict self‐harm and negatively predict self‐compassion. The results also revealed that self‐compassion negatively predicts self‐harm and mediates the relationship between self‐harm and both anxious and avoidant attachment.ConclusionWe believe that this paper creates further ground for future research on protective factors involved in the dynamics of self‐harm and has the potential to provide interesting findings for professionals working with insecurely attached self‐harming clients.
Rubinstein–Taybi Syndrome With Severe Eczema, Recurrent Infections, and Hyper IgE Profile Responsive to Dupilumab Treatment
Authors: Nanda Arti , Al Rushood Maysoun , Tawfeek Waguih W. , AlLafi Atlal 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTRubinstein–Taybi syndrome (RTS) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by post‐natal growth retardation, facial dysmorphism, large thumbs and halluces, and intellectual deficits. RTS has a broad phenotypic spectrum including cardiac, genitourinary, digestive, ear, nose and throat, and skin manifestations. Patients also have an increased risk of severe infections, developing benign tumors, and immunological abnormalities suggesting primary immunodeficiencies. We report a case of RTS with severe recalcitrant eczema, recurrent skin and chest infections, food allergies associated with a hyper‐IgE profile, and other immunological abnormalities, who had a significant response to dupilumab.
Constitutional Mismatch Repair Deficiency: Scoping Review of a Cancer‐Predisposition Syndrome With Distinctive Cutaneous Findings
Authors: Mar Kristie , Ameri Kimia , Lam Joseph M. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTConstitutional mismatch repair deficiency (CMMRD) is a rare but severe hereditary cancer predisposition syndrome caused by biallelic pathogenic variants in one of the mismatch repair genes (MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, or PMS2). The condition mainly presents in childhood, with cancers primarily affecting the hematological, brain, and gastrointestinal systems, along with cutaneous features typical of neurofibromatosis type 1. This scoping review aims to explore the clinical characteristics of CMMRD. A systematic search of medical databases resulted in the inclusion of 127 articles. PMS2 is the most affected gene, followed by MSH6, MLH1, and MSH2. Blood and brain malignancies occur in early childhood for all genetic variants, with the age of onset progressively decreasing from PMS2 to MSH6, to MLH1 and MSH2. Gastrointestinal tumors typically present in late adolescence in individuals with PMS2 variants, at slightly younger ages in those with MSH6 variants, and are rarely reported in MLH1 and MSH2 cases. Patients with CMMRD present with café‐au‐lait macules that are fewer in number and larger than in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1. Additional dermatological findings include hypopigmented patches and intertriginous freckling. PMS2 and MSH6 pathogenic variants are linked to the broadest spectrum of cutaneous manifestations, including vascular tumors, various nevi, and pilomatricomas. Despite its rarity and diverse clinical manifestations, advancements in diagnostic criteria, genetic testing, and surveillance protocols have significantly improved survival rates and cancer management in CMMRD patients.
Chilling induces prompt and synchronised hatching after obligatory diapause in the subtropical cricket Cardiodactylus guttulus
Authors: Takekata Hiroki , Satomura Kazuhiro , Ogura Atsushi , Takemura Akihiro 
Published: February 2025

AbstractCardiodactylus guttulus is a subtropical cricket endemic to the Ryukyu Islands. C. guttulus has a univoltine life cycle with an obligatory diapause in embryos during winter. An environmental time cue(s) is required to terminate diapause and synchronise the life cycle with the seasonal cycle. In several temperate crickets, chilling terminates embryonic diapause and induces prompt and synchronised hatching. In the present study, by observing the day of hatching after chilling, we investigated whether C. guttulus terminates embryonic diapause with reference to temperature as shown in temperate crickets. After chilling at 16°C, the hatching rates to day 120 after oviposition increased compared to the control maintained at 25°C without chilling. When the chilling treatment lasted more than 30 days, hatching occurred synchronously, showing that chilling at 16°C for 1 month is sufficient to terminate diapause and induce synchronised hatching in C. guttulus. In addition, longer exposure to 16°C was associated with shorter days of transfer from 16 to 25°C to hatching. This result suggests that embryogenesis post‐diapause progressed slowly during chilling. These characteristics would be adaptive to warm winters in subtropical regions.
Fruitless or Fruitful? Examining Ghana's Agricultural Inputs Subsidy and Household Welfare
Authors: Asante Bright Owusu , Prah Stephen , Ankrah Daniel Adu , Kwapong Nana Afranaa 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThere are mixed accounts of the impact of government input subsidies on farmers welfare outcomes in the global south with political colorations, which often tend to exaggerate outcomes. Ghana's Planting for Food and Jobs (PFJ) programme phase 1, promised to be revolutionary in attaining the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG)‐2 of ending hunger. However, the programme received criticisms with mixed sentiments within the political circle and policy arena, with scarce evidence in the extant literature. Using cross sectional data collected from 1107 maize farmers, we find that participating in the PFJ increases maize yield by 454.90 kg/ha, gross income by US$ 171.74 and per capita consumption by US$ 0.43. Our findings show that the adoption of only fertilizer increases maize yield significantly by 1609.2 kg/ha, gross maize income by $332, and improves per capita consumption significantly by $1.22. Participating in the PFJ programme is influenced by age, gender, marital status, education, farm size, credit, pests and diseases, market access, farm distance, radio, political affiliation, and the perception of timely supply of seeds and fertilizers. Our results suggest that adopting multiple combinations of packages remain financially viable. The choice of combinations of interventions is significantly influenced by socioeconomic and institutional factors. We suggest that agricultural extension and advisory services target efforts to address structural challenges relating to land ownership, credit access, market access, pests, and diseases to improve welfare outcomes. The study highlights the need to expand and sustain the PFJ programme to have a maximum impact on maize production, income generation, and household consumption.
Identification and characterization of DICER‐LIKE genes and their roles in Marchantia polymorpha development and salt stress response
Authors: Csicsely Erika , Oberender Anja , Georgiadou Anastasia‐Styliani , Alz Johanna , Kiel Sebastian , Gutsche Nora , Zachgo Sabine , Grünert Jennifer , Klingl Andreas , Top Oguz , Frank Wolfgang 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARYDICER‐LIKE (DCL) proteins play a central role in plant small RNA (sRNA) biogenesis. The genome of the early land plant Marchantia polymorpha encodes four DCL proteins: MpDCL1a, MpDCL1b, MpDCL3, and MpDCL4. While MpDCL1a, MpDCL3 and MpDCL4 show high similarities to their orthologs in Physcomitrium patens and Arabidopsis thaliana, MpDCL1b shares only a limited homology with PpDCL1b, but it is very similar, in terms of functional domains, to orthologs in other moss and fern species. We generated Mpdclge mutant lines for all MpDCL genes with the CRISPR/Cas9 system and conducted phenotypic analyses under control, salt stress, and phytohormone treatments to uncover specific MpDCL functions. The mutants displayed severe developmental aberrations, altered responses to salt and phytohormones, and disturbed sexual organ development. By combining mRNA and sRNA analyses, we demonstrate that MpDCLs and their associated sRNAs play pivotal roles in regulating development, abiotic stress tolerance and phytohormone response in M. polymorpha. We identified MpDCL1a in microRNA biogenesis, MpDCL4 in trans‐acting small interfering RNA generation, and MpDCL3 in the regulation of pathogen‐related genes. Notably, salt sensitivity in M. polymorpha is dependent on MpDCL1b and Mpdcl1bge mutants display enhanced tolerance and reduced miRNA expression in response to salt stress. We propose that M. polymorpha employs specific mechanisms for regulating MpDCL1b associated miRNAs under high salinity conditions, potentially shared with other species harboring MpDCL1b homologs.
Multi‐omics analysis reveals the allelic variation in JrWDRC2A9 and JrGPIAP conferring resistance against anthracnose (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides) in walnut (Juglans regia)
Authors: Gong Andi , Dong Yuhui , Xu Shengyi , Mu Yutian , Li Xichen , Li Chunyu , Liang Qiang , Liu Jian Ning , Wang Changxi , Yang Ke Qiang , Fang Hongcheng 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARYWalnut anthracnose induced by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides is a devastating disease that seriously threatens walnut cultivation. Screening novel resistance genes and exploring the molecular mechanisms are essential for disease‐resistant genetic improvement of walnut. We conducted a genome‐wide association studies of disease resistance traits based on the relative resistance index and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) obtained from 182 resequenced walnut accessions and 10 loci and corresponding candidate genes associated with resistance against C. gloeosporioides were identified. Then, through combined transcriptome analysis during C. gloeosporioides infection and qRT‐PCR, we identified JrWDRC2A9 in SNP Chr13_36265784 loci and JrGPIAP in SNP Chr07_10106470 loci as two walnut anthracnose resistance genes. The validation of the disease resistance function of transgenic strains indicated that both JrWDRC2A9 and JrGPIAP promote walnut resistance to anthracnose. SNP Chr13_36265784 (A>G) is located in the coding region of JrWDRC2A9 causing a glutamine (JrWDRC2A9HapI) to arginine (JrWDRC2A9HapII). Allelic variation in the WD domain attenuates JrWDRC2A9‐mediated resistance against C. gloeosporioides and the binding affinity of JrWDRC2A9 for JrTLP1. On the contrary, the allelic variation caused by SNP Chr07_10106470 (T>G) increased the walnut accessions resistance to C. gloeosporioides by promoting the expression level of JrGPIAP. Functional genomics revealed that JrGPIAP binds to the promoter of JrPR1L and activates its transcription, which is strengthened by the interaction between JrGPIAP and JrEMP24. These findings reveal the allelic variation in JrWDRC2A9 and JrGPIAP conferring resistance against C. gloeosporioides, providing a genetic basis for walnut disease resistance breeding in the future.
Genomic insights into drought adaptation of the forage shrub Caragana korshinskii (Fabaceae) widely planted in drylands
Authors: Mei Fengyuan , Yang Tianrui , Chao Haoyu , Ma Xiaohui , Wu Jingjing , Yang Qi , Ren Guangpeng , Song Li , Wang Qian , Qi Liwang , Fu Xinxing , Gegentu  , Gao Cuiping , Wang Ruigang , Chen Ming , Fang Xiangwen , Liu Jianquan , Li Guojing , Wu Shengdan 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARYThe Korshinsk peashrub (Caragana korshinskii), known for its exceptional drought tolerance, is widely cultivated in arid and semi‐arid regions for vegetation restoration and as a vital forage plant. To elucidate the genomic basis of its drought tolerance, we generated a chromosomal‐scale genome sequence of C. korshinskii. Our synteny analysis disputes the previously hypothesized genus‐specific whole‐genome duplication event, as suggested by earlier transcriptome study of this species and its congeners. We identified that tandem duplications were critical for the expansion of gene families, such as early light‐induced protein, heat shock protein 100, and Dehydrin, which are involved in cellular protection processes. These expansions are likely pivotal to the superior drought tolerance observed in C. korshinskii, as evidenced by the elevated gene expression of these genes under drought conditions. Furthermore, overexpression studies of seven tandemly duplicated DHN genes revealed a substantial enhancement in drought survival rates of seedlings, likely attributable to increased gene dosage effects. Conversely, gene silencing via virus‐induced gene silencing demonstrated opposing effects. Additionally, we have established the CakorDB, a genomic resource database for C. korshinskii (https://bis.zju.edu.cn/cakordb/), accessible freely to the scientific community. Collectively, our study not only provides a valuable genomic resource for the Korshinsk peashrub but also highlights the genetic adaptations that enable C. korshinskii to thrive in desert environments, positioning its stress‐responsive genes as a valuable genetic reservoir for breeding drought‐resistant crops.
Boosting photosynthesis opens new opportunities for agriculture sustainability and circular economy: The BEST‐CROP research and innovation action
Authors: Pesaresi Paolo , Bono Pierre , Corn Stephane , Crosatti Cristina , Daniotti Sara , Jensen Jens Due , Frébort Ivo , Groli Eder , Halpin Claire , Hansson Mats , Hensel Goetz , Horner David S. , Houston Kelly , Jahoor Ahmed , Klíma Miloš , Kollist Hannes , Lacoste Clément , Laidoudi Boubker , Larocca Susanna , Marè Caterina , Moigne Nicolas Le , Mizzotti Chiara , Morosinotto Tomas , Oldach Klaus , Rossini Laura , Raubach Sebastian , Sanchez‐Garcia Miguel , Shaw Paul D. , Sonnier Rodolphe , Tondelli Alessandro , Waugh Robbie , Weber Andreas P.M. , Yarmolinsky Dmitry , Zeni Alessandro , Cattivelli Luigi 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARYThere is a need for ground‐breaking technologies to boost crop yield, both grains and biomass, and their processing into economically competitive materials. Novel cereals with enhanced photosynthesis and assimilation of greenhouse gasses, such as carbon dioxide and ozone, and tailored straw suitable for industrial manufacturing, open a new perspective for the circular economy. Here we describe the vision, strategies, and objectives of BEST‐CROP, a Horizon‐Europe and United Kingdom Research and Innovation (UKRI) funded project that relies on an alliance of academic plant scientists teaming up with plant breeding companies and straw processing companies to use the major advances in photosynthetic knowledge to improve barley biomass and to exploit the variability of barley straw quality and composition. We adopt the most promising strategies to improve the photosynthetic properties and ozone assimilation capacity of barley: (i) tuning leaf chlorophyll content and modifying canopy architecture; (ii) increasing the kinetics of photosynthetic responses to changes in irradiance; (iii) introducing photorespiration bypasses; (iv) modulating stomatal opening, thus increasing the rate of carbon dioxide fixation and ozone assimilation. We expect that by improving our targeted traits we will achieve increases in aboveground total biomass production without modification of the harvest index, with added benefits in sustainability via better resource‐use efficiency of water and nitrogen. In parallel, the resulting barley straw is tailored to: (i) increase straw protein content to make it suitable for the development of alternative biolubricants and feed sources; (ii) control cellulose/lignin contents and lignin properties to develop straw‐based construction panels and polymer composites. Overall, by exploiting natural‐ and induced‐genetic variability as well as gene editing and transgenic engineering, BEST‐CROP will lead to multi‐purpose next generation barley cultivars supporting sustainable agriculture and capable of straw‐based applications.
Webb's conjecture and generalised Harish‐Chandra theory
Authors: Rossi Damiano 
Published: February 2025

AbstractWebb's conjecture states that the orbit space of the Brown complex of a finite group at any given prime is contractible. This conjecture was proved by Symonds in 1998. In this paper, we suggest a generalisation of Webb's conjecture for finite reductive groups. This is done by associating to each irreducible character a new simplicial complex defined in terms of Deligne–Lusztig theory. We then show that our conjecture follows from a condition, called (‐HC‐conj) below, related to generalised Harish‐Chandra theory. In particular, using earlier results of the author, we prove our conjecture and recover Symonds result for finite reductive groups under mild restrictions on the prime . Finally, we show that the condition (‐HC‐conj) is implied by the contractibility of the orbit spaces associated to our newly defined complex offering an unexplored topological approach to proving the uniqueness of ‐cuspidal pairs up to conjugation.
In-Process Monitoring of Part Quality in Laser Powder Bed Fusion Additive Manufacturing Process using Acoustic Emission Sensors
Authors: Bevans Benjamin , Riensche Alexander , Carrington Antonio , Deshmukh Kaustubh , Darji Mihir , Plotnikov Yuri , Sions John , Snyder Kyle , Hass Derek , Rao Prahalada 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this work, we used in-situ acoustic emission sensors for online monitoring of part quality in laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) additive manufacturing process. Currently, sensors such as thermo-optical imaging cameras and photodiodes are used to observe the laser-material interactions on the top surface of the powder bed. Data from these sensors is subsequently analyzed to detect onset of incipient flaws, e.g., porosity. However, these existing sensing modalities are unable to penetrate beyond the top surface of the powder bed. Consequently, there is a burgeoning need to detect thermal phenomena in the bulk volume of the part buried under the powder, as they are linked to such flaws as support failures, poor surface finish, microstructure heterogeneity, among others. Herein, four passive acoustic emission sensors were installed in the build plate of an EOS M290 LPBF system. Acoustic emission data was acquired during processing of stainless steel 316L samples under differing parameter settings and part design variations. The acoustic emission signals were decomposed using wavelet transforms. Subsequently, to localize the origin of AE signals to specific part features, they were spatially synchronized with infrared thermal images. The resulting spatially localized acoustic emission signatures were statistically correlated (R2 &gt; 85%) to multi-scale aspects of part quality, such as thermal-induced part failures, surface roughness, and solidified microstructure (primary dendritic arm spacing). This work takes a critical step toward in-situ, non-destructive evaluation of multi-scale part quality aspects using acoustic emission sensors.
Clostridioides difficile
infection study models and prospectives for probing the microbe-host interface
Authors: Zvonareva Tatiana , Courson David S. , Purcell Erin B. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Clostridioides difficile
infection (CDI) is an urgent public health threat with a high rate of recurrence and limited treatment options.
In vivo
models have been indispensable in understanding CDI pathophysiology and establishing treatment protocols and continue to be essential in pre-clinal testing. More importantly,
in vivo
models offer the opportunity to probe the complex systemic host response to the microbe, which is impossible to recapitulate
in vitro
. Nonetheless, constraints related to the availability of animal models, cost, ethical considerations, and regulatory control limit their accessibility for basic research. Furthermore, physiological and habitual divergences between animal models and humans often result in poor translatability to human patients. In addition to being more accessible,
in vitro
CDI models offer more control over experimental parameters and allow dynamic analysis of early infection.
In vitro
fermentation offers models for probing microbe-microbe and microbe-microbiome interactions, while continuous multi-stage platforms allow opportunities to study
C. difficile
pathophysiology and treatment in context with human-derived microbiota. However, these platforms are not suitable for probing the host-pathogen interface, leaving the challenge of modeling early CDI unanswered. As a result, alternative
in vitro
co-culture platforms are being developed. This review evaluates the strengths and weaknesses of each approach, as well as future directions for
C. difficile
research.