THE CONSEQUENCES OF RECEIVING SOCIAL INSURANCE ONCE IN VIETNAM
Authors: Nguyen Thi Van Anh , Trinh Chi Khanh , Pham Dung Do , Nguyen Anh Trung 
Published: April 2024

Objective: Social insurance policies have played a crucial role as a cornerstone in the social security system, contributing positively to social stability and the realization of goals for a prosperous, strong, fair, democratic, and civilized society. The current legal framework on social insurance in Vietnam stipulates provisions to ensure the rights of workers in all cases, including regulations regarding one-time social insurance cases. Although the significance of receiving one-time social insurance aligns with the legal provisions for each case, the lack of understanding among workers regarding the significance of social insurance policies or their deliberate acceptance of one-time social insurance can have unpredictable consequences for society, the social insurance system, and the workers themselves... The study builds on the situation of receiving social insurance in Vietnam and makes a case study of consequences for once workers receive social insurance suggesting solutions to mitigate the situation.

Method: The study is based on a method to collect secondary data on the status of social insurance once received in Vietnam through data channels. This data is presented and analyzed by the descriptive statistical method (mainly in the form of tables and charts) that will see the situation for receiving social insurance once in Vietnam over time. In order to conduct the research, the method applied in this article is a qualitative method including: The systematic approach to the research materials, legal regulations related to the research; The integrated analysis method is used to analyze and synthesize the situation of receiving social insurance once in Vietnam; The objective methodology is used by the author to argue, the views of the individual, along with the combination of perspectives of other studies of nature to make a broad consensus about a particular problem.

Results: The results of the study show that although social insurance policies were established to protect workers from income risk, they can lead a stable future life. Rules on one-off social insurance regimes can help resolve many special cases of workers. However, research shows that the number of people who choose to receive social insurance in Vietnam in the period of 2014-2023 has increased greatly. The increase of the number of people who receive social insurance once means the increase in the number of people leaving the system, making it difficult to achieve the goal of universal social insurance coverage in the spirit of resolution No. 28-NQ/TW of the XII Central Committee. Actual data suggest that on average 1 new person is entering social insurance, there is 1 old person leaving the system. The number of people withdrawn the following year was always higher than the previous year with an average annual increase of about 10%. The proportion of workers that have returned from social insurance benefits to continue their low participation in social insurance. In the period of 2016-2022, the country had more than 4.8 million workers requesting and resolving social insurance once. After receiving social insurance coverage once, approximately 1.3 million people returned to continue the social insurance penetration. Thus, the proportion of workers who have been remarried to social insurance benefits is 26%, and the remaining 74% of those who have received social insurance benefits once, corresponding to about 3.5 million who do not return to social insurance contributions, meaning that they are not guaranteed short-term benefits in the process of continuing labor such as sickness, maternity, occupational accidents, unemployment and long-term retirement.

Conclusion: Receiving one-time social insurance benefits of workers will have some consequences for the social insurance system, for Society and Workers in the current context of Vietnam population aging trends lead to the number of people who do not have a monthly pension in Vietnam accounting for a large proportion of approximately 10 million people, this shows that the lack of sustainability of the Social Security system in general creates pressure for the community and the workers themselves will not be protected from the immediate benefits and long-term social insurance system.