bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘Comparisons of traumatic and positive memories in people with and without PTSD profile’
Authors: Megías Jesús L. , Ryan Estrella , Vaquero Joaquín M. M. , Frese Bettina 
Published: September 2006

AbstractAccording to most post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) theories, memory mechanisms are involved in its development and maintenance. However, the specific memory characteristics responsible for this disorder are still not well known. In the present study, 210 participants having reported at least one traumatic experience were assigned to a PTSD or to a non‐PTSD symptom profile group. Both groups rated their memories for their most traumatic and intense positive life events. We observed that the traumatic memories of PTSD profile participants were more clear, detailed and judged as significant compared with those of the non‐PTSD profile group. However, participants in the first group acknowledged having more difficulties putting their traumatic memories into words and controlling these remembrances. These differences were absent in their positive memories. Additionally, clear relationships emerged between memory ratings and PTSD symptoms measures. Results are discussed according to fragmentation and superiority views of traumatic memories in PTSD. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Single‐limit interval estimates as reference points
Authors: Teigen Karl Halvor , Halberg Anne‐Marie , Fostervold Knut Inge 
Published: September 2006

AbstractPeople often describe uncertain quantities by suggesting a lower or upper limit of an uncertainty interval, rather than the complete range. Five studies are reported, which demonstrate how interval limits function as provisional reference points (PRP), conferring evaluative meanings to the target objects, by suggesting downward or upward comparisons. Thus, a price above X appears expensive, whereas a price below Y appears cheap, even when Y > X. This can give rise to framing effects: a purchase can appear to be recommended or advised against, and a seller can appear as optimistic or pessimistic, and, more generally, an estimate can indicate abundance or scarcity, depending upon which boundary (upper or lower) that is selected. Furthermore, inclusive lower bounds (minimum, at least) and upper bounds (maximum, at most) differ from exclusive lower (more than, above) and upper bounds (less than, below), by suggesting possible (likely) rather than implausible (unlikely) values. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Illuminating Molecular Processes in Living Cells
Authors: Umezawa Yoshio 
Published: September 2006

AbstractLately, scientists have explored approaches to developing fluorescent and/or bioluminescent indicators to pinpoint cellular processes in single living cells. These analytical methods have become a key technology for visualizing and detecting what was otherwise unseen in live cells. The target signaling included second messengers, protein phosphorylations, protein–protein interactions, and protein localizations.
The effect of salience on mental accounting: how integration versus segregation of payment influences purchase decisions
Authors: Kim Hyeong Min 
Published: September 2006

AbstractAlthough mental accounting principles are generally robust, the integration‐of‐losses principle often fails. This research argues that when information salience is high, people actively segregate. To demonstrate that effect, this research uses purchase decision making for which the total payment is a key decision factor and compares examples such as the following equivalent total payments: “$120.95 for a stroller plus $19.95 for shipping” (i.e., segregation) versus “$140.90 for a stroller including shipping” (i.e., integration). Two studies demonstrate that integration increases purchase intentions when the salience of the smaller payment is higher. Specifically, integration leads to higher purchase intentions than does segregation when (1) the surcharge is visually more salient, (2) the surcharge is easy to process, and (3) price perceptions are stimulus instead of recall driven. Therefore, this research extends mental accounting by identifying conditions in which the integration‐of‐losses principle is likely to prevail. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Erratum: Bonus of rebate?: The impact of income framing on spending and saving
Authors: Epley Nicholas , Mak Dennis , Idson Lorraine Chen 
Published: September 2006

AbstractBonus of Rebate?: The Impact of Income Framing on Spending and Saving. By N. Epley, D. Mak and L. C. Idson (Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, Vol. 19, No. 3, pp. 213–227, 2006). DOI: 10.1002/bdm.519The above paper was published with an error in the title. The title should read:
Bonus or Rebate?: The Impact of Income Framing on Spending and Saving.
Effect of free ammonia and free nitrous acid concentration on the anabolic and catabolic processes of an enriched Nitrosomonas culture
Authors: Vadivelu Vel M. , Keller Jurg , Yuan Zhiguo 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThe effects of free ammonia (FA; NH3) and free nitrous acid (FNA; HNO2) concentrations on the metabolisms of an enriched ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) culture were investigated using a method allowing the decoupling of growth and energy generation processes. A lab‐scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was operated for the enrichment of an AOB culture. Fluorescent in‐situ hybridization (FISH) analysis showed that 82% of the bacterial population in the SBR bound to the NEU probe specifically designed for Nitrosomonas europaea. Batch tests were carried out to measure the oxygen and ammonium consumption rates by the culture at various FA and FNA levels, in the presence or absence of inorganic carbon (CO2, HCO3 −, and CO3 2−). It was revealed that FA of up to 16.0 mgNH3‐N · L−1, which was the highest concentration used in this study, did not have any inhibitory effect on either the catabolic or anabolic processes of the Nitrosomonas culture. In contrast, FNA inhibited both the growth and energy production capabilities of the Nitrosomonas culture. The inhibition on growth initiated at approximately 0.10 mgHNO2‐N · L−1, and the data suggested that the biosynthesis was completely stopped at an FNA concentration of 0.40 mgHNO2‐N · L−1. The inhibition on energy generation initiated at a slightly lower level but the Nitrosomonas culture was still oxidizing ammonia at half of the maximum rate at an FNA concentration of 0.50–0.63 mgHNO2‐N · L−1. The affinity constant of the Nitrosomonas culture with respect to ammonia was determined to be 0.36 mgNH3‐N · L−1, independent of the presence or absence of inorganic carbon. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Automated maintenance of embryonic stem cell cultures
Authors: Terstegge Stefanie , Laufenberg Iris , Pochert Jörg , Schenk Sabine , Itskovitz‐Eldor Joseph , Endl Elmar , Brüstle Oliver 
Published: September 2006

AbstractEmbryonic stem cell (ESC) technology provides attractive perspectives for generating unlimited numbers of somatic cells for disease modeling and compound screening. A key prerequisite for these industrial applications are standardized and automated systems suitable for stem cell processing. Here we demonstrate that mouse and human ESC propagated by automated culture maintain their mean specific growth rates, their capacity for multi‐germlayer differentiation, and the expression of the pluripotency‐associated markers SSEA‐1/Oct‐4 and Tra‐1‐60/Tra‐1‐81/Oct‐4, respectively. The feasibility of ESC culture automation may greatly facilitate the use of this versatile cell source for a variety of biomedical applications. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2007;96: 195–201. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Mesh‐distortion immunity assessment of QUAD8 elements by strong‐form patch tests
Authors: Rajendran S. , Ooi E. T. , Yeo J. H. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractStrong‐form patch tests are conducted to assess the mesh‐distortion immunity of three types of 8‐noded plane quadrilateral elements. Patches with various types of mesh‐distortions are considered for the purpose. The PM‐QUAD8 element passes all the patch tests, viz., constant‐, linear‐ and quadratic strain patch tests in the strong form. The ability to pass all the patch tests translates to the fact that this element is free from completeness defect as well as compatibility defect. The classical isoparametric element (PP‐QUAD8), however, suffers from completeness defect while its metric counterpart (MM‐QUAD8) suffers from compatibility defect and hence these two elements fail some of the patch tests. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Numerical prediction of the hydrodynamic performance of a centrifugal pump in cavitating flows
Authors: Li Jun , Liu Lijun , Feng Zhenping 
Published: September 2006

AbstractA computational modelling for the prediction of the hydrodynamic performance of a centrifugal pump in cavitating flows is presented in this paper. The cavitation model is implemented in a viscous Reynolds‐averaged Navier–Stokes solver. The cavity interface and shape are determined using an iterative procedure matching the cavity surface to a constant pressure boundary. The pressure distribution, as well as its gradient on the wall, is taken into account in updating the cavity shape iteratively. Numerical validation of the present cavitation model and algorithms is performed on different headform/cylinder bodies for a range of cavitation numbers through comparing with the experimental data. Flow characteristics trends associated with off‐design flow and twin cavities in the blade channel are observed using the presented cavitation prediction. The rapid drop in head coefficient at low cavitation number is captured for two different flow coefficients. Local flow field solution illustrates the principle physical mechanisms associated with the onset of breakdown. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A refined 5‐node plate bending element based on Reissner–Mindlin theory
Authors: Sofuoglu Hasan , Gedikli Hasan 
Published: September 2006

AbstractIn this study, a simple approach was proposed to develop a new 5‐node plate bending element, named DRMP. This element formulation is based on the Reissner–Mindlin plate theory and can be used for the analysis of both thin and thick plate. The new element formulation was then coded into FEAP to develop 15‐DOF DRMP element for the finite element analysis of plate problems as well as 4‐node quadrilateral DRMQ element with 12 DOF. The convergence and usage of DRMP element along with DRMQ element were investigated and the results of the both elements were then compared with the exact solution and the other elements available in the literature. The numerical studies demonstrated that the proposed elements, DRMQ and DRMP, passed the patch test and possessed fast convergence and high accuracy while DRMP element showed the invariability to the fifth node's position. Moreover, they were independent of the shear locking phenomenon for very thin plates. The presented results showed that 5‐node DRMP element can be used along with 4‐node quadrilateral DRMQ element where mesh refinement is necessary as a transition element. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A test of the interacting cognitive subsystems model using a laboratory analogue of depressive interlock
Authors: Gillanders David , Fleming Paul F. J. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThe interacting cognitive subsystems (ICS) model has been described as a useful framework within which to understand a wide variety of psychological phenomena. There is now a small literature of studies that have found support for many of the model's basic features. One feature that has not been studied is depressive interlock, described as uncontrollable, repetitious processing of negative themes. To further test some of the predictions derived from ICS, we compared a group of clinically depressed participants with a non‐depressed control group, using a specially designed cognitive task to examine the effects of emotional tone of stimuli on information processing. Results indicated that depression (but not euthymia) is characterized by perseverative responding for both positively and negatively emotionally toned self‐related material, but not for similar neutral material. This result is suggested as further empirical support for the ICS framework. Copyright © John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cover Picture: Atropodiastereoselective Cleavage of Configurationally Unstable Biaryl Lactones with Amino Acid Esters (Eur. J. Org. Chem. 19/2006)
Authors: Bringmann Gerhard , Scharl Heiko , Maksimenka Katja , Radacki Krzysztof , Braunschweig Holger , Wich Peter , Schmuck Carsten 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThe cover picture shows the efficient synthesis of axially chiral biaryl systems by highly atroposelective ring cleavage of configurationally unstable lactone‐bridged biaryls with amino acid esters as chiral N nucleophiles. The absolute stereostructures of the products were determined by quantum chemical CD calculations and confirmed by X‐ray diffraction analysis. The chiral biaryl product with the desired axial configuration will be used for generating novel solid‐phase supported chiral tweezer receptors for the stereoselective binding of peptides in aqueous solvents. Details are discussed in the article by G. Bringmann et al. on p. 4349 ff.
Post‐merger identification as a function of pre‐merger identification, relative representation, and pre‐merger status
Authors: Boen Filip , Vanbeselaere Norbert , Brebels Lieven , Huybens Wouter , Millet Kobe 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThis experiment examined the impact of pre‐merger identification (low, high), pre‐merger group status (low, high) and relative representation (low, high) upon identification with a new merger group. In the first phase of the study, 156 university students were assigned to a pre‐merger team of ‘inductive’ thinkers. Pre‐merger identification was manipulated by giving the participants feedback about the extent to which they used the inductionist style. Pre‐merger status was manipulated by informing participants that their team had performed worse or better than a deductionist team on a decision‐making task. In the second phase, the two pre‐merger teams were combined into a merger team of analyst thinkers. Relative representation was manipulated by maintaining most or none of the features of the pre‐merger team in this new merger team. The results revealed that high pre‐merger identifiers identified more strongly with the merger group than did low pre‐merger identifiers, but only when the relative representation was high. Pre‐merger status did not influence post‐merger identification. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Numerical model for DNA loading in microdevices: Stacking and autogating effects
Authors: El‐Difrawy Sameh A. , Srivastava Alok , Gismondi Elizabeth A. , McKenna Brian K. , Ehrlich Daniel J. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractMany electrophoresis‐based DNA sequencing and genotyping microdevices rely on field‐driven effects to load and preconcentrate the sample. A quantitative model is developed for a broad class of electrophoresis‐based microfabricated sample injectors. Quantitative predictions of DNA preconcentration are compared with experimental data and are shown to qualitatively reproduce the detailed time‐evolving sample distribution in the injector. The model provides practical guidance on device and protocol design, in order to optimize this critical aspect of microfluidic devices.
Multiplex_QA: An exploratory quality assessment tool for multiplexed electrophoretic assays
Authors: Duewer David L. , Butler John M. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractMultiplex_QA is a data analysis tool for visualizing short‐ and long‐term changes in the performance of multiplexed electrophoretic assays, particularly the commercial short tandem repeat (STR) kits used by the human forensic identity community. A number of quality metrics are calculated from the signal collected for the internal size standard included in nearly all multiplex assays. These quality metrics are related to the signal intensity, symmetry, retention, resolution, and noise of data collected by capillary electrophoresis systems. Interlocking graphical displays enable the identification of changes in the quality metrics with time, evaluation of relationships among the metrics, and detailed examination of electropherographic features of particularly interesting analyses. While primarily intended for exploring which metrics are most useful for documenting data quality, the current version of the tool is sufficiently robust for use by forensic scientists with an interest in data analysis and access to a fast desktop computer.
A robust cross‐linked polyacrylamide coating for microchip electrophoresis of dsDNA fragments
Authors: Lu Joann J. , Liu Shaorong 
Published: September 2006

AbstractSurface derivatization plays an important role in microchip electrophoresis. It not only enhances the resolution, but also improves the reproducibility. So far, the most popularly used derivatization method for glass microchannels is to covalently attach a layer of linear polyacrylamide (LPA) to the channel surfaces. However, LPA coating has two problems: incomplete coverage and limited lifetime. To address these issues, we have recently developed a cross‐linked polyacrylamide (CPA) derivatization protocol and demonstrated it for high‐resolution protein separations by CIEF, CGE, and CZE. In this report, we used this protocol to coat microchip channels and exhibited the reliability and robustness of CPA coating for microchip electrophoresis of DNA molecules. dsDNA fragments were used as our test samples. High resolutions were obtained for fragments ranging from 100 bp to 10 kpb. After more than 800 runs, the CPA‐coated microchannels still performed well and comparable resolutions were maintained throughout these runs.
A precise mRNA quantification method using CE‐based SSCP
Authors: Park Young Seoub , Chu Hun Su , Hwang Seung Ha , Seo Jong Hyuk , Choi Cha Yong , Jung Gyoo Yeol 
Published: September 2006

AbstractEven though mRNA quantification provides significant information for biological analysis, current methods such as Northern blot analysis and real‐time PCR are known to be laborious and lacking in precision. In this study, we demonstrate a new precise mRNA quantification method using CE based on SSCP (CE‐SSCP) coupled with reverse transcription. mRNA samples could be simply analyzed for the quantification directly with reverse transcript obtained from a single reaction. This helps to avoid considerable errors generated by a series of the tedious manual steps. Also, unlike real‐time PCR, reverse transcripts can be directly quantified by CE‐SSCP in this method without further data estimation. Reproducibility and accuracy of CE‐SSCP for mRNA quantification was examined using enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) mRNA transcribedin vitro. Specific reverse transcription primer was determined for the accurate quantification of eGFP mRNA from total RNA obtained from the recombinantEscherichia coli. Using elongation factor Tu mRNA as an internal standard, it was shown that sample‐to‐sample variation could be minimized. Expression kinetics at both mRNA level and protein level was studied and the potential of CE‐SSCP in expression analysis was demonstrated by comparison with the eGFP activity assay.
Scale‐up development of high‐performance polymer matrix for DNA sequencing analysis
Authors: Wan Fen , He Weidong , Zhang Jun , Ying Qicong , Chu Benjamin 
Published: September 2006

AbstractLinear polyacrylamide (LPA) has been widely used as a replaceable separation matrix in CE. An increase in the molecular weight of the separation medium favors the separation of larger DNA fragments. In order to obtain ultrahigh‐molecular‐weight (UHMW) LPA, a “frozen” method was developed to synthesize the LPA homopolymer. This approach has three major advantages when compared with other existing routes of LPA synthesis: (i) long LPA chains could be obtained easily, with their average molecular weight (MW) being in the high 10 MDa range; (ii) the desired MW could be adjusted over a broad range by controlling the temperature and the concentration of initiators during synthesis; (iii) the product solution contains only a tiny amount of impurity besides the solvent and LPA. Both static and dynamic laser light scattering measurements were carried out to characterize the synthesized LPA in the buffer solution. The DNA sequencing matrix prepared from LPA using this method was studied and the results were compared with the newly developed commercial product POP7 from Applied Biosystems. It should be noted that this approach can be applied to synthesize other water‐soluble polymers, resulting in UHMW products because the chain transfer constant is smaller at lower temperatures.
The relationship between selflessness levels and the severity of anorexia nervosa symptomatology
Authors: Bachner‐Melman Rachel , Zohar Ada H. , Ebstein Richard P. , Bachar Eytan 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThis study examined the relationship of selflessness, the tendency to ignore one's own needs and interests and serve others, to the severity of anorexia nervosa (AN) symptomatology. Measures of selflessness, perfectionism, obsessiveness, self‐esteem, disordered eating, body dissatisfaction, drive for thinness and general symptomatology were completed by 205 women with a history of AN (ANh) in various stages of illness and recovery (42 ill, 90 partially recovered and 78 recovered) and 238 female controls. The ANh women's scores on the Selflessness Scale declined significantly as the severity of current pathology decreased. Recovered anorexics scored similarly to female controls. Assertion of one's own needs and interests may be an integral component of recovery from AN, and should be emphasized in therapy. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Seeing the NICE side of cost‐effectiveness analysis: a qualitative investigation of the use of CEA in NICE technology appraisals
Authors: Bryan Stirling , Williams Iestyn , McIver Shirley 
Published: September 2006

AbstractResource scarcity is the raison d'être for the discipline of economics. Thus, the primary purpose of economic analysis is to help decision‐makers when addressing problems arising due to the scarcity problem. The research reported here was concerned with how cost‐effectiveness information is used by the National Institute for Health & Clinical Excellence (NICE) in national technology coverage decisions in the UK, and how its impact might be increased. The research followed a qualitative case study methodology with semi‐structured interviews, supported by observation and analysis of secondary sources. Our research highlights that the technology appraisal function of NICE represents an important progression for the UK health economics community: new cost‐effectiveness work is commissioned for each technology and that work directly informs national health policy. However, accountability in policy decisions necessitates that the information upon which decisions are based (including cost‐effectiveness analysis, CEA) is accessible. This was found to be a serious problem and represents one of the main ongoing challenges. Other issues highlighted include perceived weaknesses in analysis methods and the poor alignment between the health maximisation objectives assumed in economic analyses and the range of other objectives facing decision‐makers in reality. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.