bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of ultra violet B (TL‐01) phototherapy on epidermal expression of p53 protein in psoriatic plaques
Authors: Jasim Z. F. , Lioe T. F. , McKenna K. E. , Robson T. , Ouhtit A. 
Published: January 2006

Background: Psoriasis is a genetically determined inflammatory skin disease. It is now recognized that narrow band TL‐01 phototherapy is an effective treatment for psoriasis. However, ultraviolet (UV) exposure induces p53 mutations in keratinocytes and repeated exposure of skin to UV radiation results in clonal expansion of these initiated p53‐mutant cells within the epidermis.Aim: The present study aims to examine epidermal p53 expression in the skin of psoriatic patients at different time points following TL‐01 phototherapy.Methods: Skin samples from patients suffering from plaque‐type psoriasis, collected before, during and at the final stages of TL‐01 phototherapy were examined for p53 expression by immunohistochemistry.Results/Conclusion: Our results showed an increase in p53 expressing keratinocytes following TL‐01 phototherapy. Some of these cells were arranged spatially, as conical clones arising from putative stem cell compartments, suggesting that the chronic TL‐01 treatment might have triggered cell growth and clonal expansion, an important step in initiating skin carcinogenesis.
Age‐related change in visual, spatial and verbal memory
Authors: Shaw Rhonda M , Helmes Edward , Mitchell David 
Published: January 2006

Objectives:  To explore the relationship between age and performance on verbal, visual and spatial memory tasks and to examine whether verbal, visual and spatial memory can be measured as separate memory representations. Methods:  Sixty‐two participants aged between 18 and 57 years completed a listening span task, a dot memory task and an irregular polygon with articulatory suppression task. Results:  Verbal and spatial memory declined with increased age. The relationship between age and visual memory, although negative, was not significant. Age correlated with verbal memory to a greater degree than with visual or spatial memory. The correlations between each of the memory tasks were not significant, suggesting that each task was tapping a distinct type of memory. Conclusions:  Verbal, visual and spatial memory appear to be differentially affected by age and should be examined as separate representations.
Comparative analysis of dementia and ethnicity in the New South Wales Aged Care Assessment Program: 1996 and 2001
Authors: Lister Susan , Benson Chris 
Published: January 2006

Objective:  To compare assessment and dementia rates for different client countries of birth in the New South Wales Aged Care Assessment Program (NSW ACAP). Methods:  The NSW ACAP Minimum Data Set and Australian Bureau of Statistics census data were used to calculate age‐standardised assessment and dementia rates for different client groups based on country of birth. Characteristics of people with dementia were examined to explore reasons for variation by ethnicity. Results:  ACAP assessment and dementia rates for people from several overseas‐born groups in this study were significantly lower than those for Australian‐born clients (P < 0.05). Statistical differences were maintained for 1996 and 2001. Characteristics of those with dementia and born overseas were significantly different from Australian‐born clients.Conclusions:  Australian‐born ACAP clients have higher assessment and dementia rates than many overseas‐born groups. Further examination of reasons for these differences is required to ensure equity of access to services for all aged people.
Elevated Serum B-Lymphocyte Stimulator Levels in Patients With Familial Lymphoproliferative Disorders
Authors: Novak Anne J. , Grote Deanna M. , Ziesmer Steven C. , Kline Michael P. , Manske Michelle K. , Slager Susan , Witzig Thomas E. , Shanafelt Tait , Call Timothy G. , Kay Neil E. , Jelinek Diane F. , Cerhan James R. , Gross Jane A. , Harder Brandon , Dillon Stacey R. , Ansell Stephen M. 
Published: January 2006

Purpose Serum B-lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS) levels have been found to be elevated in a number of immune disease models. Therefore, we sought to establish whether BLyS levels were elevated in patients with B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders and to determine whether elevated BLyS levels correlated with clinical characteristics of the disease. Patients and Methods Specimens were collected from the peripheral blood of individuals diagnosed with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL; n = 70) or from age- and sex-matched patients seen at the same institution (n = 41). Serum BLyS levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and sequencing of the BLyS promoter was performed by conventional methods and confirmed by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Results We found that elevated BLyS levels were more common in patients with familial B-CLL than individuals with sporadic B-CLL or normal controls. Because of this association, we sequenced the BLyS promoter in patients with B-CLL and normal controls and identified a polymorphic site, −871 C/T. We found that the wild-type sequence was significantly underrepresented in patients with familial B-CLL (4%) compared with patients with sporadic B-CLL (30%; P = .01) or controls (24%; P = .04). Furthermore, using a luciferase reporter under control of the BLyS promoter containing either a C or a T at position −871, we found that the reporter construct containing a T at −871 had a 2.6-fold increase in activity (P = .004). Conclusion Our data suggest serum BLyS levels are elevated in patients with familial B-CLL and that elevated BLyS levels correlate with the presence of a T at −871 in the BLyS promoter.
Lengthening and transfer of hamstrings for a flexion deformity of the knee in children with bilateral cerebral palsy
Authors: Ma F. Y. P. , Selber P. , Nattrass G. R. , Harvey A. R. , Wolfe R. , Graham H. K. 
Published: January 2006

Between July 2000 and April 2004, 19 patients with bilateral spastic cerebral palsy who required an assistive device to walk had combined lengthening-transfer of the medial hamstrings as part of multilevel surgery. A standardised physical examination, measurement of the Functional Mobility Scale score and video or instrumented gait analysis were performed pre- and post-operatively. Static parameters (popliteal angle, flexion deformity of the knee) and sagittal knee kinematic parameters (knee flexion at initial contact, minimum knee flexion during stance, mean knee flexion during stance) were recorded. The mean length of follow-up was 25 months (14 to 45). Statistically significant improvements in static and dynamic outcome parameters were found, corresponding to improvements in gait and functional mobility as determined by the Functional Mobility Scale. Mild hyperextension of the knee during gait developed in two patients and was controlled by adjustment of their ankle-foot orthosis. Residual flexion deformity > 10° occurred in both knees of one patient and was treated by anterior distal femoral physeal stapling. Two children also showed an improvement of one level in the Gross Motor Function Classification System.
Transfer of the tendon of latissimus dorsi for the treatment of massive tears of the rotator cuff
Authors: Habermeyer P. , Magosch P. , Rudolph T. , Lichtenberg S. , Liem D. 
Published: January 2006

We describe 14 patients who underwent transfer of latissimus dorsi using a new technique through a single-incision. Their mean age was 61 years (47 to 76) and the mean follow-up was 32 months (19 to 42). The mean Constant score improved from 46.5 to 74.6 points. The mean active flexion increased from 119° to 170°, mean abduction from 118° to 169° and mean external rotation from 19° to 33°. The Hornblower sign remained positive in three patients (23%) as did the external rotation lag sign also in three patients (23%). No patient had a positive drop-arm sign at follow-up. No significant difference was noted between the mean pre- and postoperative acromiohumeral distance as seen on radiographs. An increased grade of osteoarthritis was found in three patients (23%). Electromyographic analysis showed activity of the transferred muscle in all patients.
Collagen-covered autologous chondrocyte implantation for osteochondritis dissecans of the knee
Authors: Krishnan S. P. , Skinner J. A. , Carrington R. W. J. , Flanagan A. M. , Briggs T. W. R. , Bentley G. 
Published: January 2006

We prospectively studied the clinical, arthroscopic and histological results of collagen-covered autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI-C) in patients with symptomatic osteochondritis dissecans of the knee. The study included 37 patients who were evaluated at a mean follow-up of 4.08 years. Clinical results showed a mean improvement in the modified Cincinnati score from 46.1 to 68.4. Excellent and good clinical results were seen in 82.1% of those with juvenile-onset osteochondritis dissecans but in only 44.4% of those with adult-onset disease. Arthroscopy at one year revealed International Cartilage Repair Society grades of 1 or 2 in 21 of 24 patients (87.5%). Of 23 biopsies, 11 (47.8%) showed either a hyaline-like or a mixture of hyaline-like and fibrocartilage, 12 (52.2%) showed fibrocartilage. The age at the time of ACI-C determined the clinical outcome for juvenile-onset disease (p = 0.05), whereas the size of the defect was the major determinant of outcome in adult-onset disease (p = 0.01).
Selenium yeast: Composition, quality, analysis, and safety
Authors: Schrauzer G. N. 
Published: January 2006

Abstract
Selenium yeast, produced by growing select strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in Se-rich media, is a recognized source of organic food-form Se, but the determination of its exact composition with respect to the Se species present produced conflicting results. Improved methods of analysis have since revealed it to contain 90+ % of its Se in the form of selenomethionine, the principal organic nutritional form of Se for higher animals and humans. The safety record of Se yeast is excellent: During the three decades of its world-wide use as a source of supplemental Se, no cases of Se poisoning have occurred due to dosage or formulation errors.
Reference materials as crucial tools for quality assurance and control in food analysis
Authors: Emons Hendrik , Held Andrea , Ulberth Franz 
Published: January 2006

Abstract
The role of reference materials (RMs) in analytical quality assurance (QA) is outlined with special emphasis on trace element analysis of foodstuff. Crucial aspects for the development of such food RMs are illustrated by a recent example of trace elements in rice flour. Major influences on the uncertainty of certified values are discussed and possibilities to enhance the availability and fitness-for-purpose of RMs as well as their proper use are indicated.
Signalamplifizierung über allosterische Katalyse
Authors: Zhu Lei , Anslyn Eric V. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractIn diesem Kurzaufsatz fassen wir eine Reihe neuerer Studien über Bio‐ und Chemosensoren im Rahmen einer einzigen Signalübertragungsstrategie zusammen: der Signalamplifizierung über allosterische Katalyse (SAAC). Die SAAC‐Strategie imitiert biologische Signaltransduktionsprozesse, bei denen die molekulare Erkennung zwischen einem externen Signal und einem Proteinrezeptor allosterisch in eine katalytisch verstärkte chemische Information (normalerweise sekundäre Botenstoffe) umgewandelt wird. Dazu werden modifizierte allosterische Enzyme, Ribozyme oder regulierbare organische Katalysatoren eingesetzt. Die wesentlichen Faktoren, die zu hoher Empfindlichkeit und Spezifität in den SAAC‐Strategien führen, werden analysiert. Diese frühen Studien eröffnen einen neuen Zugang zu Nachweisverfahren, in denen molekulare Erkennung und Katalyse miteinander gekoppelt werden können.
Task‐Specific Ionic Liquids Bearing 2‐Hydroxybenzylamine Units: Synthesis and Americium‐Extraction Studies
Authors: Ouadi Ali , Gadenne Benoît , Hesemann Peter , Moreau Joel J. E. , Billard Isabelle , Gaillard Clotilde , Mekki Soufiane , Moutiers Gilles 
Published: January 2006

AbstractThe synthesis of two task‐specific ionic liquids (TSILs) bearing 2‐hydroxybenzylamine entities is described. These compounds are based on an imidazolium substructure onto which one hydrobenzylamine‐complexing moiety is grafted. We have demonstrated that, whether pure or diluted, TSIL is able to extract americium ions. Furthermore, recovery of americium from the IL phase into a receiving phase can be achieved under acidic conditions. A possible mechanism for the metal‐ion partitioning is presented, in which the extraction system is driven by an ion‐exchange mechanism.
Stereoselective binding of human serum albumin
Authors: Chuang Victor Tuan Giam , Otagiri Masaki 
Published: January 2006

AbstractStereoselectivity in binding can have a significant effect on the drug disposition such as first‐pass metabolism, metabolic clearance, renal clearance, and protein and tissue binding. Human serum albumin (HSA) is able to stereoselectively bind a great number of various endogenous and exogenous compounds. Various experimental data suggested that the two major drug‐binding cavities, namely, site I and site II, do not seem to be the stereoselective binding sites of HSA. Stereoselective binding of HSA under disease conditions such as renal and hepatic diseases was found to be enhanced. In addition, site‐to‐site displacement of a site II‐specific drug by another site II‐specific drug was found to be stereoselective, too. Endogenous compounds such as long‐chain fatty acids and uremic toxins are likely to cause combined direct and cascade effects that contribute to the preferential binding of a particular drug enantiomer. Taking together the findings of other studies, it is highly possible that the stereoselective binding site exists at the interface of the subdomains. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Chirality
Radiowellenerwärmung von Adsorbenzien und Katalysatoren – Teil 1: Grundlagen und technische Realisierung
Authors: Buchenhorst D. , Toufar H. , Kopinke F.‐D. , Roland U. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractDie direkte dielektrische Erwärmung von Festbetten mit elektromagnetischen Wellen besitzt eine Reihe von Vorteilen gegenüber konventionellen Heizverfahren. In der Praxis wurde bisher vor allem die Mikrowellenerwärmung erprobt, was insbesondere auf die gute Verfügbarkeit von entsprechenden Geräten zurückzuführen ist. Der dielektrischen Erwärmung mit Radiowellen liegen dieselben physikalischen Wirkmechanismen zugrunde. Die Untersuchungen in dieser Arbeit sind auf die technisch relevanten Feststoffe Aktivkohle und Zeolithe beschränkt, wobei die Realisierbarkeit der Erwärmung, die Ermittlung typischer Betriebsparameter sowie die energetische Effizienz der Aufheizung im Mittelpunkt des Interesses stehen.
Katalytische oxidative Dehydrierung von 2‐Butanol zu 2‐Butanon in der Gasphase
Authors: Brüning R. , Scholz P. , Ondruschka B. , Hollstein F. , Morgenthal I. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractVorgestellt wird die oxidative Dehydrierung (ODH) von 2‐Butanol zu 2‐Butanon mit Hilfe von neuartigen innovativen Selektivoxidationskatalysatoren in der Gasphase. Dabei werden metallische Kurzfasern und beschichtete Eisenhohlkugeln als Katalysatoren eingesetzt. Der am besten geeignete Katalysator setzt 2‐Butanol bei 340 °C vollständig um. Dabei wird eine Selektivität zu 2‐Butanon von deutlich mehr als 95 % erreicht.
Charakterisierung von Wechselwirkungseinflüssen auf die Partikeldiffusion mittels Photonenkorrelationsspektroskopie
Authors: Kätzel U. , Stintz M. , Barthel H. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractMesssysteme der Photonenkorrelationsspektroskopie, die Mehrfachstreueffekte unterdrücken können, ermöglichen die Untersuchung von Partikelwechselwirkungen in kolloidalen Systemen. Dabei zeigen sich sowohl DLVO‐Wechselwirkungseffekte als auch Struktureffekte, z. B. bei Aggregaten pyrogener Kieselsäure. Ergänzend zum mittleren Diffusionskoeffizienten konnte die Verteilungsbreite als wichtiger Informationsträger identifiziert werden.
Fine‐needle aspiration cytology of the thyroid gland: Comparative analysis of experience at three hospitals
Authors: Berner Aasmund , Sigstad Eva , Pradhan Manohar , Grøholt Krystyna K. , Davidson Ben 
Published: January 2006

AbstractFine‐needle cytology is an effective and accurate diagnostic method for the assessment of thyroid lesions. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of thyroid cytology at a tertiary where cytopathologists with experience in thyroid cytology participate in the procedure and compare it with results in two community hospitals lacking pathology departments and on‐site cytopathologists. A total of 1,770 specimens were diagnosed between 1998 and 2003. Of these, 425 were from the two local hospitals. The fraction of unsatisfactory specimens was 24% for submitted specimens and 9.5% for those taken in the presence of a cytopathologist. The percentage of malignant specimens was 4.1% at the tertiary center compared with 2.2% of submitted cases. These data highlight the need to centralize thyroid fine needle cytology to specialized centers with experienced cytopathologists. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2006; 34:97–100. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cytopathologic analysis of thyroid lesions in the pediatric population
Authors: Hosler Gregory A. , Clark Ian , Zakowski Maureen F. , Westra William H. , Ali Syed Z. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractFine‐needle aspiration (FNA) of the thyroid is seldom performed in the pediatric population. Therefore, the clinical utility of thyroid FNA in this patient group has not been adequately addressed. A 15 yr retrospective review of the cytopathology archives at the participating institutions was performed to identify cases of thyroid FNA performed in pediatric patients. The medical records of these cases were reviewed, including the surgical pathology reports of those patients who had subsequently undergone surgical resection. One hundred one specimens from 82 patients were identified. Of these, 40 had a cytopathologic diagnosis of carcinoma, “suspicious” for carcinoma, neoplasm, or atypia, 48 were benign, and 13 were unsatisfactory. Of the 82 patients, 45 underwent partial or total thyroidectomy. Twenty‐two (49%) of these were found to harbor a malignant neoplasm (18 papillary carcinomas). The diagnostic sensitivity for identifying a lesion was 87% (26/30) and the diagnostic specificity was 92% (47/51). There were four false‐positives and four false‐negatives in the review, yielding a positive predictive value of 87% and a negative predictive value of 92%. We conclude that FNA is a useful adjunct to the management of thyroid lesions in the pediatric population, with good diagnostic accuracy. Although thyroid neoplasms are relatively rare in children, our experience demonstrated that 40% of thyroid masses referred for FNA had an interpretation that caused concern, ranging from “atypical” to carcinoma. Additionally, a benign diagnosis by FNA may avoid unnecessary surgery with its potential complications, a significant consideration for this age group. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2006; 34:101–105. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Intranasal lipopeptide primes lung‐resident memory CD8+ T cells for long‐term pulmonary protection against influenza
Authors: Deliyannis Georgia , Kedzierska Katherine , Lau Yuk Fai , Zeng Weiguang , Turner Stephen J. , Jackson David C. , Brown Lorena E. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractThe longevity of the influenza virus‐specific CD8+ T cell response following intranasal delivery of a synthetic lipopeptide was investigated and the characteristics and location of the cells associated with viral clearance examined. The lipopeptide, incorporating an epitope for CD8+ T cells and another for CD4+ T cells with the lipid moiety S‐[2,3‐bis(palmitoyloxy)propyl]cysteine (Pam2Cys) attached, induced potent and long‐lived pulmonary protection. Both the lipopeptide and its largely unprotective non‐lipidated counterpart elicited comparable numbers of CD8+ T cells in the spleen, which was the main location of the memory pool. However, the lipopeptide, unlike the non‐lipidated peptide, also induced a substantial memory population that remained in the lungs and was rapidly activated upon viral challenge months later. These lipopeptide‐induced lung‐resident CD8+ T cells were also very similar in number and IFN‐γ‐secreting potential to those induced by prior exposure to the virus itself and are likely mediators of initial viral clearance prior to recruitment from the expanding lymph node T cell pool. Significant clearing responses were demonstrated as late as 9 months post‐lipopeptide vaccination. This study shows that CD8+ T cells primed by the lipopeptide are not only long‐lived but can take up residence in the lung where they are important early mediators of pulmonary protection.
Diastereomeric Enols and Enol Derivatives of 8‐Fluoro‐5,11‐dihydro‐10H‐dibenzo[a,d]cyclohepten‐10‐one with a Chiral 11‐Substituent
Authors: Compernolle Frans , Toppet Suzanne , Brossette Thierry , Mao Hua , Koukni Mohamed , Kozlecki Tomasz , Medaer Bart , Guillaume Michel , Lang Yolande , Leurs Stef , Hoornaert Georges J. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractAldol condensation of 8‐fluoro‐5,11‐dihydro‐10H‐dibenzo[a,d]cyclohepten‐10‐one and (4S)‐2,2‐dimethyl‐1,3‐dioxolane‐4‐carbaldehyde provides access to the corresponding (E,Z)‐α,β‐unsaturated ketones with a (4R)‐chiral 11‐substituent. Subsequent hydrogenation affords a mixture of (11R)/(11S)‐epimeric ketones, which undergoes base‐catalysed equilibration resulting in selective crystallisation of the (11R) epimer. The enol intermediate and acyclic enol derivatives are shown to exist as two slowly interconverting conformers with a high inversion barrier of the 10,11‐disubstituted ring. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
One‐Pot Synthesis of Heterocycles Initiated by Chemoselective Reduction of Bifunctional Carbonyl Compounds
Authors: Kato Hirofumi , Shibata Ikuya , Kanazawa Nobuaki , Yasuda Makoto , Baba Akio 
Published: January 2006

AbstractOne‐pot syntheses of a variety of heterocyclic compounds initiated by the chemoselective reduction of the formyl groups in bifunctional carbonyl compounds 1 with the Bu3SnH/HMPA system have been achieved. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
Determination of Mercury by Chronopotentiometric Stripping Analysis Using Glassy Carbon Vessel as a Working Electrode
Authors: Švarc‐Gajić Jaroslava , Suturović Zvonimir , Marjanović Nikola , Kravić Snežana 
Published: January 2006

AbstractIn this work chronopotentiometric stripping analysis of mercury was performed using a process vessel of glassy carbon as a working electrode. Experimental parameters for both steady and rotating vessel were investigated and compared. Relative sensitivity as well as the sharpness of the analytical signal was better when the rotation of the process vessel was performed. The new design provided better sensitivity when compared to both stationary and rotating glassy carbon disk electrodes. Detection limit obtained for the electrolysis time of 600 s was 0.1 ng/L of Hg(II). The accuracy of the technique was confirmed by analyzing the standard reference material – tomato leaves.