bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contemporary Practice of Native Coarctation in Children Greater Than One Year of Age: A Society of Thoracic Surgeons Analysis
Authors: Ashfaq Awais , Bedzra Edo , Rajab Konrad T. , Bonnell Levi N. , Muralidaran Ashok , Bleiweis Mark , Morales David L.S. , Habib Robert H. , Jacobs Jeffrey , Quintessenza James A. 
Published: February 2025

Objective Limited data exist on surgical repairs for native coarctation of the aorta (Native-CoA) after year-one of life. We sought to establish surgical outcomes benchmark of older Native-CoA repair patients. Methods All patients greater than one year of age who underwent off-pump Native-CoA repair were identified from the Society of Thoracic Surgeons Congenital Heart Surgery Database (STS-CHSD) between January 1998 and December 2022. Results A total of 2,898 patients older than one year (mean age: 6.1 years; mean weight: 23.7 kg) underwent Native-CoA repair through left thoracotomy at 131 STS-CHSD centers. Vascular syndromes including Turners, Williams, and Alagille, were relatively rare at 1.8%. The most common procedures were extended end-to-end (1,309/2898, 45.2%) end-to-end 1,107/2898, (38.2%), and patch aortoplasty ((239/2898, 8.2%). From 1998 to 2018, there was an overall increase in the number of patients (14 vs 156), explained largely by the increased number of hospitals (4 vs 70). However, after 2018, case counts declined by nearly 50%. Operative mortality was rare (n = 3). An average of 1.2 complications per patient (438 total) occurred in 365/2898 (12.6%) patients. The most common complications included chylothorax (101/2898, 3.5%), unplanned 30-day readmission (28/1917, 1.5%), and arrhythmia requiring drug therapy (17/1917, 0.9%). Median length of hospital stay was four days, with hospital stay >6 days in 248 patients (14.8%). Conclusions Frequency of off-pump Native-CoA repairs (age >1 year) is decreasing despite no notable change in total participating hospitals and case counts. This is likely due to increased percutaneous interventions despite very low documented mortality and morbidity of off-pump surgical repairs.
Exosomes and their distinct integrins transfer the characteristics of oxaliplatin- and 5-FU-resistant behaviors in colorectal cancer cells
Authors: Vakili-Ghartavol Zeynab , Deli Hoda , Shadboorestan Amir , Sahebnasagh Roxana , Motevaseli Elahe , Ghahremani Mohammad Hossein 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Exosomes are communication carriers and suitable biomarker candidates due to their cargoes with specific dynamic profiles. Integrins, as valuable prognostic markers in cancer, have importance in exosome-cell interaction. However, the role of exosome integrins in chemoresistant colorectal cancer remained unclear.

Methods
Oxaliplatin- and 5-FU-resistant cells (OXR and FUR) were established from human HCT-116 cells of colorectal cancer. Exosomes were collected from untreated and treated cells with oxaliplatin or 5-FU. Exosomes were isolated via ultracentrifugation and characterized using DLS and electron microscopy to evaluate size and morphology. Western blot analysis was employed to identify exosomal markers. The effects of exosomes on parental cells were examined using various methods, including MTT assay for proliferation, wound healing assay for migration, flow cytometry for cell cycle and apoptosis analysis, Matrigel-coated transwell inserts for invasion, and western blot for integrin expression evaluation.

Results
Exosome integrins determine resistance behaviors in cells. We observed that exosomes from OXR cells or OXR cells treated with oxaliplatin increased ITGβ3 expression and decreased ITGβ4 expression in parental cells, resulting in distinct resistance behaviors. Exosomes from FUR cells or FUR cells treated with 5-FU reduced ITGβ4 levels and elevated ITGαv levels in parental cells, leading to varying degrees of invasive resistance behaviors. These findings suggest that exosome integrins may affect these behaviors. High ITGβ3 exosomes induced oxaliplatin resistance behaviors in parental cells. Lowering ITGβ3 levels in these exosomes inhibited the resistance behaviors observed in these cells. FUR exosomes that overexpressed ITGαv or ITGβ4 resulted in invasive 5-FU resistance behaviors in parental cells. A reduction in these exosome integrin levels led to moderate invasive behaviors. The decrease of ITGβ4 in FUR cell exosomes inhibited resistant migration and proliferation in parental cells. A twofold reduction of ITGαv in FUR cell exosomes resulted in a threefold decrease in invasion and inhibited migration in parental cells compared to those treated with high ITGαv exosomes.

Conclusion
Our findings reveal that, despite discrepancies between cellular integrin patterns and cellular behaviors, the levels of exosomal ITGβ3, ITGαv, or ITGβ4 could serve as potential diagnostic and therapeutic markers for resistance to oxaliplatin and 5-FU in future cancer treatments.
Study protocol of the METAPANC trial - intensified treatment in patients with local operable but oligometastatic pancreatic cancer - multimodal surgical treatment versus chemotherapy alone: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Ghadimi Michael , Pelzer Uwe , Besselink Marc G. , Siveke Jens , Telgmann Ralph , Braren Rickmer , Wilmink Hanneke , Crede Marie , Koenig Alexander , Koenig Ute , Liffers Sven Thorsten , Antweiler Kai , Uijterwijk Bas , Seppanen Hanna , Nordin Arno , Puolakkainen Pauli , Dajani Olav F. , Labori Knut Jørgen , Johansson Mia , Bratlie Svein Olav , Friede Tim , Jo Peter 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Based on current guidelines, surgical treatment of hepatic oligometastases in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is not primarily recommended. Systematic chemotherapy is the therapy of choice for these patients. The relevance of subsequent surgical resection after chemotherapy remains unclear. This multicentre, randomized, controlled phase III trial is planned to evaluate whether resection of the primary tumor and liver metastases can improve overall survival in patients with PDAC with hepatic oligometastases in a multimodal treatment setting.

Methods
After an induction therapy with eight cyles of mFOLFIRINOX and a response assessment after four and eight cycles, patients will be randomized to either Arm 1 (perioperative mFOFIRINOX plus resection of the primary tumor with resection or ablation of all hepatic metastases) or Arm 2 (continuation of 4 cycles of the standard-of-care mFOLFIRINOX chemotherapy). This clinical trial will focus on a well-defined patient group with metastatic disease limited to the liver as the target organ, with a maximum of three metastases.

Discussion
METAPANC is the first international, randomized, controlled, open-label, multicentre, phase III clinical trial for curative intended surgical therapy of oligometastatic pancreatic cancer in Europe and America. The multimodal surgical treatment of patients with oligometastatic pancreatic cancer could significantly extend the overall survival of this patient group. A possible recommendation of this multimodal treatment regimen outside of clinical trials requires data from randomized controlled trials first. To identify patient subgroups that might benefit from multimodal surgical therapy, additional information on tumor genetics could supplement valid parameters.

Trial registration
EU Clinical Trials No. 2023-503558-10-00.
Voices of change: experiences of early women urology residents — a single institution qualitative research study
Authors: Grutman Aurora J. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective
To understand the experiences of early women urology residents at a single institution, as told in their own words.

Methods
A convenience sample of women residents who trained at the Brady Urological Institute between 1980 and 2022 was chosen. During the investigated period, 15 women trained at the Brady; all 15 were invited to participate. Participants were provided written consent and assured of anonymity. In semi-structured interviews guided by a set of IRB-approved questions, participants discussed personal backgrounds, medical school experiences, and residency experiences. Participants provided advice to future women in urology. Interviews were recorded with Audacity 3.0.5 or Zoom, and audio files were transcribed using NVivo 14.23.0.

Results
A total of 10 interviews were conducted between July 2023 and February 2024. Childhood role models influenced many participants’ initial interest in medicine, although most discovered urology during medical school. Participants valued the quality of training, mentorship opportunities, proximity to family, and program ethos when selecting a residency program. During residency, participants faced gender-specific challenges due to patient resistance and difficulties balancing professional and personal commitments. Despite these challenges, participants expressed optimism about the future of women in urology.

Conclusions
This study provides insights into the professional development of women urology residents. The participants were part of an early cohort of women in urology and expressed excitement for the future of the field. While the study reflects the experiences of women at just one institution, it provides a foundation for more comprehensive research on women’s experiences in urology and in medicine more broadly.

Clinical trial number
Not applicable.
RNA helicase MOV10 suppresses fear memory and dendritic arborization and regulates microtubule dynamics in hippocampal neurons
Authors: Shilikbay Temirlan , Nawaz Aatiqa , Doon Megan , Ceman Stephanie 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
RNA helicase MOV10 is highly expressed in postnatal brain and associates with FMRP and AGO2, suggesting a role in translation regulation in learning and memory.

Results
We generated a brain-specific knockout mouse (Mov10 Deletion) with greatly reduced MOV10 expression in cortex and hippocampus. Behavior testing revealed enhanced fear memory, similar to that observed in a mouse with reduced brain microRNA production, supporting MOV10’s reported role as an AGO2 cofactor. Cultured hippocampal neurons have elongated distal dendrites, a reported feature of augmin/HAUS over-expression in Drosophila da sensory neurons. In mitotic spindle formation, HAUS is antagonized by the microtubule bundling protein NUMA1. Numa1 mRNA is a MOV10 CLIP target and is among the genes significantly decreased in Mov10 Deletion hippocampus. Restoration of NUMA1 expression and knockdown of HAUS rescued phenotypes of the Mov10 Deletion hippocampal neurons.

Conclusions
This is the first evidence of translation regulation of NUMA1 by MOV10 as a control point in dendritogenesis.
Taking into account students' psychotypes and using their neuropsychological maps when implementing digital educational technologies within the Metaverse
Authors: Ldokova Galiya , Frumina Svetlana , Alwaely Suad Abdalkareem 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The aim of the study is to examine the influence of students' psychotypes on their learning using digital educational technologies within the Metaverse. In the course of the longitudinal experimental study, the results of the initial testing of 79 students during their undergraduate studies and the re-testing of 75 of these students during their graduate studies were compared. To determine the students' psychotype, the Questionnaire of Character Accentuations, the Methodology for Determining the Dominant Hemisphere of the Brain and the Type of Interhemispheric Asymmetry, the Methodology for Diagnosing the Volitional Potential of an Individual, the Individual-Typological Questionnaire, and the Methodology for Determining the Structure of Temperament were used. The results of the psychodiagnostic testing were compared with the data of electroencephalography (EEG) neuroimaging. The following statistical methods were used to analyze the research results: Student's t-test, ANOVA analysis of variance, and Pearson's correlation coefficient. As a result of studying the features of the neuropsychophysiological profile of students, a persistent predominance of such character traits as anxiety, excitability, cyclothymia, and emotional sensitivity was revealed. A relationship was demonstrated between students' personality psychotypes, their neuropsychological profiles, and the success of their learning outcomes. It was revealed that learning using digital online technologies in the context of the Metaverse has a positive effect on the development of the mobility of neural processes, and cognitive and psychophysiological mechanisms, increases the involvement and motivation of students to acquire new knowledge, helps to normalize the balance between the psychophysiological processes of excitation and inhibition, activates the areas of the cerebral cortex responsible for will, emotions, self-awareness, motivation and communication, contributes to the development of communicative competence, critical thinking and creative potential of the student's personality. The scientific contribution of the authors is to confirm the relationship between the students' psychotype, the dominant activity of the brain lobes, and the level of academic success, which substantiates the positive significance of individualization of learning based on the introduction of virtual and augmented reality technologies into the educational process in higher education institutions. The results of the study can be used to optimize and increase the efficiency of the educational process through the implementation of Metaverse technologies. The study of the influence of gender and age-related psychophysiological characteristics of an individual on his or her learning ability in the context of andragogy is considered a promising direction of research.
Tear glucose is associated with the presence and severity of diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Cao Ningyao , Feng Lili , Xu Wei , He Fanglin , Xiao Caiwen , Liu Yan , Xu Weirong , Cui Jingjing , Guo Yuqian , Yao Lianqing , Xia Wenwen , Chen Fei , Li Yong , Zhou Chuandi , Xu Xiaofang 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
To examine the association between tear glucose (TG) and the presence and severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods
A cross-sectional study. TG was examined by rapid qualitative test strip in 160 patients. The severity of DR was graded as mild DR and severe DR. The presence and severity of DR were compared between patients with positive and negative TG. The association of TG with the presence and the severity of DR was estimated by multivariable regression analysis and spearman’s rank correlation test, respectively. The performance of TG to detect DR was evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.

Results
In this study, 160 patients were included, with a median age of 64.0 years, and 88 (55.0%) patients were males. A total of 91 (56.9%) patients had positive TG, and 69 (43.1%) patients had negative TG. In TG-positive group, 41 (45.1%) patients were diagnosed with DR, among them, 8 (19.5%) patients had mild DR, and 33 (80.5%) patients were afflicted with severe DR. Multivariable logistic regression indicated that the presence of DR positively correlated with the presence of positive TG (odds ratio [OR], 3.62; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.56–8.40; p < 0.01), longer duration of diabetes (OR, 1.11; 95% CI 1.06–1.17; p < 0.01) and higher HbA1c (OR, 1.25; 95% CI 1.01–1.54; p = 0.03). Moreover, Spearman’s correlation analysis suggested that the grading of TG increased with the severity of DR (rs = 0.28, p < 0.01). The area under the curve (AUC) of the model integrating TG, the duration of diabetes and HbA1c was 0.76 (95% CI 0.69–0.84), indicating a fair discriminative ability of DR.

Conclusion
TG level was associated with the presence and the severity of DR. TG might be an easy-to-use, non-invasive parameter to the screening and monitoring of DR among patients with diabetes.
Quality and safety requirements for pharmacy-based vaccination in resource-limited countries
Authors: G/Michael Beyene Kidanemariam , Tamiru Melaku Tileku 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Pharmacy-based vaccination (PBV) programs have proven to be a promising strategy for improving vaccination coverage, particularly in resource-limited countries. These programs increase accessibility and convenience, increase vaccination rates, and benefit vulnerable populations. However, successful implementation requires addressing gaps in regulatory oversight, pharmacists training, inter-professional collaboration, and public awareness. With proper regulatory frameworks, advocacy, enhanced training programs, public education, and establishment of well-designed database, PBV can achieve outcomes comparable to high-resource settings. This commentary aims to inform stakeholders and offer practical recommendations to minimize risks while leveraging its benefits.
Neurosurgical aspects of marble bone disease: treatment modalities and outcome
Authors: Gamal Mahmoud Mohammed , Elkhayat Roshdy , Hassan Hassan Mohammed 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Marble bone disease or osteopetrosis is an extremely rare hereditary condition that causes abnormal bone density and fragility due to impaired osteoclastic action. This causes the body to produce an abnormal amount of bone that are evident in radiographic findings and cause problems with the body systems, particularly the nervous system. Osteopetrosis has 3 types of genetic inheritance either malignant autosomal recessive (ARO) which occur in childhood, intermediate ARO which occur in adolescence, and benign autosomal dominant osteopetrosis which occur in adults. Complications from increased bone density like elevated intracranial pressure (ICP), compressing neural tissues, especially the cranial nerves (CNs), spinal cord, and brainstem, are common problems.

Aim
The aim of this study is to evaluate neurosurgical problems caused by osteopetrosis focusing on the effectiveness of different treatment modalities and their outcomes.

Conclusion
Marble bone disease or osteopetrosis is a rare hereditary disorder with multiple neurological impacts. Increased ICP and CNs compression are the most common. We studied 5 cases of adult osteopetrosis, 3 of them treated surgically. Two of the surgically treated cases had lumbo-peritonieal shunt, while the third case treated by optic nerve decompression. The remaining 2 cases were treated conservatively. The outcome of the surgically treated cases wasn’t good.
Tradeoffs in growth and fuel reduction when using prescribed fire in young mixed conifer stands
Authors: York Robert A. , Russell Kane W. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Following high-severity wildfires in conifer forests that rely on wind dispersal for regeneration, reforestation practices are used to hasten the development of large, fire-resistant trees that are better able to persist through the next fire. Planted forests, however, are particularly prone to high-severity wildfire effects for the initial decades following their establishment. This vulnerability suggests the need for surface fuel reduction treatments in the early stages of stand development. Such treatments would be aligned with the disturbance regime of frequent-fire forests and could also hasten the development of multi-aged structures dominated by fire-resistant trees. Conventional treatments early in stand development include shrub competition reduction and precommercial thinning, but prescribed fire is typically avoided. To assess the potential for inclusion of prescribed fire in young stand management, we investigated how four different treatments—mastication, mastication plus herbicide, two prescribed burns, and mastication plus two burns—affected individual and stand-level growth versus fuel loads in young mixed-conifer plantations in the north-central Sierra Nevada, CA, USA.

Results
Total surface fuel load more than doubled over 5 years in the mastication only and mastication plus herbicide treatments. Fuel accumulation was avoided in the two treatments that included prescribed fire. Stand growth was similar across the mastication only, mastication plus herbicide, and mastication plus burn treatments. Stand growth was lowest in the burn only treatment. The mastication plus herbicide treatment maximized individual tree growth, especially for white fir and incense-cedar. Individual tree growth was similar among the burn only, mastication only, and mastication plus burn treatments.

Conclusions
Mastication followed by repeated prescribed burning could be a viable management strategy to reduce wildfire hazard without sacrificing growth in young mixed-conifer stands that are entering a vulnerable stage of fire risk. Mastication in combination with herbicide may facilitate the growth of large, fire-resistant trees, but does not address surface fuel buildup. The use of fire alone can effectively reduce fuels, but stand growth may be somewhat low relative to mastication and herbicide. Incorporating prescribed fire is a promising approach for protecting planted stands from high-severity fire while transitioning them into multi-aged structures. Gap-based silvicultural systems that facilitate the development of multi-cohort stands can also use prescribed fire broadly in order to restore heterogeneity and low surface fuel loads.
A comparative study of chemical composition, phenolic compound profile and antioxidant activity of wild grown, field and greenhouse cultivated Physalis (P. alkekengi and P. peruviana)
Authors: Yari Parisa , Alirezalu Abolfazl , Khalili Soghra 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Phytochemical properties and antioxidant activity of medicinal Physalis alkekengi fruit (wild and cultivated genotypes) and P. peruviana commercial species, were investigated (ten samples). Ripe fruits of P. alkekengi in comparison to P. peruviana, which is already regarded as an extremely functional fruit, possessed higher values of phytochemicals as well as antioxidant activity. In this present study, greatest phenolics content and antioxidant activity was observed in cultivated Physalis. The uppermost antioxidant activity was obtained in the fruit extract of cultivated P.alkekengi in C5 (Silvana) with 44.13% by DPPH method and C8 (Urmia) with 0.40 μM Fe++ g −1 FW by FRAP assay. Extracts obtained C8 and C4 (Khoy) possessed the highest total phenolic (34.12 mg GAE g−1 FW) and total flavonoid (7.06 mg QUE g−1 FW) contents, respectively. Additionally, the utmost amount of total carotenoid (614.18 mg100g−1 FW), β-carotene (0.47 mg/100 g FW), and ascorbic acid (84.61 mg g−1 FW) was obtained in C5. Ferulic acid (in C2 sample: Maragheh) and quercetin (in WA sample: Qaradag) were found to be the most abundant phenolic acid and flavonoid by HPLC–MS/MS analysis, respectively. No flavonoid of kaempferol was detected in the studied extracts from different regions. Wild and cultivated species in different regions were classified into four major clusters, according to hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) method. Considering the cultivation of medicinal plants such as Physalis, the growing conditions must be carefully chosen because they affect the phytochemical components and especially the metabolism of polyphenols.

Graphical Abstract