bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fluoride-related changes in the fetal cord blood proteome; a pilot study
Authors: Tuomivaara Sami T. , Goin Dana E. , Fisher Susan J. , Hall Steven C. , Mattis Aras N. , Besten Pamela K. Den 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background: Fluoride exposure during pregnancy has been associated with various effects on offspring, including changes in behavior and IQ. To provide clues to possible mechanisms by which fluoride affects human fetal development, we completed proteomic analyses of cord blood serum collected from second-trimester pregnant women residing in Northern California with either high or low fluoride exposure, as identified by maternal serum fluoride concentrations.
Objective: To identify changes in cord blood proteins associated with maternal serum fluoride concentration in pregnant women living in Northern California.
Methods: The proteomes of 19 archived second-trimester cord blood samples representing highest and lowest serum fluoride concentrations from a cohort of 48 women living in Northern California, previously analyzed for serum, urine and amniotic fluoride concentrations, were characterized by mass spectrometry. Proteins highly correlated to maternal serum fluoride concentrations were identified, and further compared in a group of samples from women with the highest serum fluoride to the group with the lowest maternal serum fluoride concentrations.
Results: Nine cord blood proteins were significantly correlated with maternal serum fluoride concentrations. Six of these proteins, including apolipoprotein B-100, delta homolog 1, coagulation factor X, mimecan, plasma kallikrein, and vasorin, were significantly decreased in the cord blood from women with the highest serum fluoride levels.
Conclusion: Changes in the relative amounts of second trimester cord blood proteins included proteins associated with the development of the fetal hematopoetic system.
Performance Evaluation of Bryophyllum Leaves Extract as Corrosion Inhibitor for Mild Steel in 1M Phosphoric Acid
Authors: Oyewole O. , Ogunsemi B. T. , Akinmoladun A. , Oshin T. , Adeoye J. , Otowo P. , Tunbosun A. , Oreofe T. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The severe consequences of corrosion process cause global issues most especially in petroleum refineries. This research investigates performance evaluation and optimization of bryophyllum pinnatum leaves extract for mild steel corrosion inhibition. The extract was subjected to phytochemical analysis to determine the inclusion of any bioactive component. Box Behnken design was used to optimize process variables which include Temperature (30°C-60°C), Immersion time (3–12 days), and amount of extract (0.2–0.8 g/l). Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) were used for characterization. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, saponins, alkaloids, terpenoids, and steroids. It was established from experimental results that Temperature of 30°C, Immersion time of 3 days, Inhibition concentration of 0.8g/l gave the best process, while the optimal process variables gave: Immersion time: 6.3 days, Inhibition concentration: 0.63g/l days; Temperature: 58.6°C respectively. The results of SEM, EDS and FTIR revealed that mild steel via validated optimal process level had more protective film and was formed through adsorption. Hence, Bryophyllum pinnatum extract has been established as an effective corrosion inhibitor.
Synergetic lubrication of Cross-Linked Nanocomposites and Enhanced the tribological performance of Ti-DLC film
Authors: Mou Hongjiang , Liu Wenqiu 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Two-dimensional(2D) nanocomposites exhibit theoretically and experimentally considerable promise for lowering friction and dissipating energy in dry sliding. However, a significant obstacle still stands in lower friction by introducing the 2D nanocomposites in oil lubrication environment. Here, g-C3N4/GO nanocomposites with a 2D layered structure were synthesized successfully. Ti-DLC film was used to examine the tribological performance of graphene oxide (GO), graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4), and carbon nitride/graphene oxide (GO/g-C3N4) nanocomposites in oil. As lubrication additives, the friction-reducing and anti-wear properties of GO/g-C3N4 nanocomposites were superior than a single nanomaterial of GO or g-C3N4 nanosheets. The synergistic lubricating effect involves the easy interlayer shear resulting from the oleophilic and distinct microscopic heterojunction stacking structure of the GO/g-C3N4 nanocomposites. This led to the formation of an adsorption lubrication film containing PAO6, g-C3N4, and GO. These innovative investigations have demonstrated that adding 2D GO/g-C3N4 nanocomposites into PAO6 is an intriguing approach to improving the dependability and energy efficiency of current mechanical systems.
Synthesis and evaluation of cinnamic acid derivatives as ɑ- glucosidase inhibitors
Authors: Zhong Xin , Zhu Hua 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Six cinnamic acid derivatives (1 ~ 6) were synthesized for finding potential α-glucosidase inhibitors. The structure of derivatives (1 ~ 6) were confirmed by NMR and HRMS. Inhibitory activity screening results showed that cinnamic acid derivatives (1 ~ 6) exhibited potential α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Compound 2 showed the highest α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with IC50 value of 39.91 ± 0.62 µM. SAR results showed that introduction of substituent groups in benzene ring of cinnamic acid enhanced the α-glucosidase inhibition activity, and methyl group had the optimal gain. Inhibitory kinetics results showed compound 2 was one reversible and mixed-type inhibitor. Molecular docking results revealed that compound 2 tightly bind to active pocket of α-glucosidase and formed hydrogen bond and hydrophobic interactions with α-glucosidase.
Fusion of Midjourney and Morphological Matrix Methods for Driverless Vehicle Styling Research
Authors: Li Dan , Tao Tao 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This study aims to investigate the application of the morphological matrix method in shaping the design of driverless cars and enhance its efficiency by integrating Midjourney.A database of existing driverless cars is established through data collection and analysis. The vehicles in the database are deconstructed to form the initial selection table of morphological features for driverless car design. The features are then generalized, analyzed, and reconstructed, followed by feature extraction. Subsequently, a morphological matrix incorporating design elements and styles is created. Utilizing Midjourney's powerful computing capabilities, the morphological matrix is employed to quickly generate new designs by fleshing out the original scheme. The generated driverless car designs are evaluated and optimized using superiority evaluation, resulting in a new form factor that satisfies major preferences.By integrating Midjourney into the fusion morphological matrix method, this approach addresses the time and workload issues associated with the traditional method. The solutions obtained through superiority evaluation and continuous optimization enhance the credibility of the overall design process. The findings of this study provide valuable insights for future research in this field.e inefficiency of morphological matrix method by integrating Midjourney.
CCS CONCEPTS • Applied computing • Arts and humanities • Fine arts
Method, model and application of transforming Vague set into Fuzzy set for Water conservancy system evaluation
Authors: Zhao Huaqing , Wang Hao , Zhao Ranhang , Qi Zhen , Zhang Yuanxuan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The complexity, multilevel nature, and fuzziness of water conservancy, hydrology, and water resources systems have led to the widespread use of fuzzy set theory and vague set theory in system evaluation, recognition, and decision making. In this study, we propose a model transforming vague sets into fuzzy sets realizing the organic combination of the two theories for better describing nonlinear mapping relationships within a system and handling fuzzy uncertain information. Analyzing vague set and fuzzy set's definition and geometric meaning, a mathematical model of transforming vague set into fuzzy set is established with the principle and method of hesitancy degree allocation. Then, under three different relation situations between true membership \({t}_{A}\left(x\right)\) and false membership\({f}_{A}\left(x\right)\), the mathematical proof and derivation of the model above are carried out, and the physical and geometric meanings of the transformation model are clarified, as well as, comparing and analyzing the results of different situations, the established model is verified by examples. Finally, taking the safety evaluation of Jinan urban flood control system as an example, the model is transformed and applied to verify the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed model. This study provides an effective approach to address the limitations of fuzzy sets in considering uncertain information as well as linear similarity measurement models between vague sets and advances its application in the future system management.
Change in water quality in an Amazonian microbasin: ecological and human health implications
Authors: Batista Louisiane Farias , Rocha do Nascimento Thiago Shinaigger , Costa Igor , Correa Edinelson Saldanha , Monte Christiane do Nascimento 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The decline in the quality of water resources in the Amazon is very rapid in cities suffering from unplanned urban growth. The region has two defined seasons, winter (wet) and summer (dry), which directly affect the behavior of contaminants in aquatic ecosystems. The aim of this study was to assess the ecological and human health risks associated with the use of the watershed. In addition, an ecological index was proposed: the Quality Index for Aquatic Life, for the risk of contaminants to aquatic life. Sampling was carried out at six points in the Juá watershed. Physicochemical parameters, major anions, metals and total phosphorus were analyzed at both stations between 2020 and 2021. The highest concentrations of contaminants were found in the rainy season, due to the washing away of the banks. In this sense, Cl presented a concentration more than 307 times higher than that permitted by Brazilian legislation (wet). The ecological index showed that the watershed has a high risk of metals such as Cr III and Cr VI for the biota. The human health risk analysis showed a low risk; however, the lack of basic sanitation in the city indicates that monitoring of urban water resources is necessary.
Safe water crisis and struggle of climate-vulnerable indigenous communities in southwestern coastal Bangladesh
Authors: Shohel Tunvir Ahamed , Heme Morsheda Akter , Shovo Taufiq-E-Ahmed , Nasrin Nishad , Asha Aisha Rahman , Rahman T. M. Rafat , Hossain Md. Tanvir 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This study was designed to unearth the beliefs, practices, and management of safe drinking water of Munda and Rajbangshi indigenous communities. To apprehend the safe drinking water-related behaviour and practice, the qualitative approach was followed where 20 in-depth interviews were carried out among the Munda and Rajbangshi communities in Shyamnagar and Kaliganj Upazila (sub-district) of Satkhira district, Bangladesh. Findings indicate that the intrusion of saline water due to climate-induced changes led to a scarcity of potable water for both communities in the last few decades. Despite the existence of centuries-old traditional practices of water purification, the indigenous communities, particularly women, were compelled to collect safe drinking water from, in general, distant sources as the other sources of water were contaminated with saline water. Despite their collective efforts, managing safe water sometimes, particularly in the rainy season, becomes impossible for these marginalized people as it costs a considerable amount of household income. To ensure their access to safe drinking water and to explore the underlying factors, whether social, economic, cultural or environmental, initiatives from both government and non-government organizations are required for a sustainable life for these unheard plain land indigenous communities in Bangladesh.
Effect of floating treatment wetland coverage ratio and operating parameters on nitrogen removal: toward design optimization
Authors: Abi Hanna R. , Borne K. E. , Andrès Y. , Gerente C. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractFloating treatment wetlands (FTWs) have the potential to improve the quality of wastewater discharges, yet design basics are unavailable to size these systems. This study investigates the effect of FTWs' coverage ratio and hydraulic retention time on agri-food wastewater treatment. This was studied in a pilot-scale experiment comprising four lagoons (6.5 m3 each) fed with real effluent from an existing tertiary treatment lagoon. An evaluation of FTW of different sizes (L24, L48, and L72 representing 24, 48, and 72% of pilot lagoons surface areas) and a control, L0 (without FTW), was performed over 16 months. Overall, L72 and L48 moderately improved total nitrogen (TN) mass removal compared to L0 (p &lt; 0.05), while L24 exhibited similar TN mass removal (p = 0.196). The highest improvement was observed for L72, exhibiting up to 55% (mean of 13%) greater N mass removal than the control. The net increase in TN removal by FTWs was mainly related to denitrification, promoted by decreasing dissolved oxygen for increasing FTW coverage ratio. Residence time, temperature, and dissolved oxygen were the main parameters driving TN removal by FTWs. Retrofitting existing lagoons with FTW can facilitate N retrieval through plant harvesting, thereby reducing N remobilization from sediment (common in conventional lagoons).
Application of CuFeLDH–NCNT in ultrasound-assisted-Fenton-like process for removing ciprofloxacin from aqueous solutions
Authors: Jia Xiaoning , Wu Tong , Zhao Xia , Huang Jing , He Haixin , Wang Chunxiang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this study, the mesoporous material NCNT was prepared by treating carbon nanotubes (CNT) with hydrazine and subsequently loaded with Cu-Fe layered double hydroxide (CuFeLDH) to create a multiphase catalyst (CuFeLDH-NCNT). Its application as a multiphase catalyst was investigated in an ultrasound-assisted Fenton process for ciprofloxacin (CIP) degradation in aqueous solution. In addition, the impacts of catalyst dosage, ultrasonic power, H2O2 dosage, and beginning pH on CIP removal efficiency were carefully evaluated to maximize the removal efficiency of CIP. The findings indicated that the elimination rate of the initial CIP concentration of 20 mg/L surpassed 94.66% after a mere 100 min, while the TOC degradation rate was 70.4%. The high removal rate was due to the synergistic action between the nanoparticles, H2O2, and ultrasonography. The degradation intermediates of CIP were examined, and putative degradation pathways and mechanisms were postulated.
Anabolic Androgenic Steroids: A Review
Authors: Rohilla Siya , Sharma Prerna , Kamboj Sweta , Dhankhar Sanchit , Garg Nitika , Chauhan Samrat , Rani Nidhi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract:
A lot of athletes, bodybuilders, and those who want to look better in general use AAS (anabolic androgenic steroids) to achieve their goals. These
steroids can be found in nature or synthesised in a lab. These substances are attempts to mimic the anabolic (muscle-building) and androgenic
(masculinizing) properties of testosterone. Steroids like testosterone, methandienone, Nandrolone Decanoate (ND), and methenolone are only a
few examples of AAS that are commonly abused. Initially exclusive to professional bodybuilders, these substances are increasingly being tried out
by amateur and professional athletes alike. The anabolic properties of AAS have led to their usage in medicine for the treatment of conditions like
chronic renal disease and osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Despite being banned by the World Anti-Doping Agency, anabolic steroid
(AAS) use is estimated to be between 1% and 3% among the general population of the United States (WADA). Their negative effects on several
organs, including the cardiovascular and reproductive systems, have aroused concerns. Therefore, there are serious health risks linked with the
inappropriate use of AAS. More education is needed for both the general public and medical professionals on how to recognise symptoms,
administer effective care, and prevent AAS-related disorders. The goal of this study is to examine the current state of our understanding regarding
the functioning of AAS and their associated deleterious consequences.
The Benzene-induced Hepatic Cytochrome P450 2E1 Expression and Activity
are Reduced by Quercetin Administration in Mice
Authors: Amir-Ata Jambour-Shabestary , Mohammad-Reza Vardast , Malekinejad Hassan 
Published: March 2024

Background:
Benzene as an environmental and industrial agent induces adverse effects that are
mainly metabolism-dependent.

Objectives:
Effects of Quercetin (QCN) on Benzene (BNZ)-induced changes in the hepatic Cytochrome P450
2E1 expression and activity were investigated.

Methods:
Thirty-six adult male mice were divided into 6 groups (n = 6) and nominated as control, BNZ (exposed
to BNZ: 30 ppm), QCN (received QCN: 50 mg/kg, orally), and the fourth, fifth and sixth groups were
exposed to 30 ppm BNZ and received 10, 50 and 100 mg/kg QCN respectively, for 28 days. The microsomal
subcellular fraction was isolated from the liver samples and the activity of CYP 2E1 was measured based on
the hydroxylation rate of 4-nitrophenol. The hepatic activity of myeloperoxidase also was assessed. Total antioxidant
capacity and nitric oxide contents of the liver were determined. Expression changes of CYP 2E1 at
the mRNA level were examined by qPCR technique.

Results:
QCN lowered significantly (p < 0.05) the BNZ-increased hepatic nitric oxide levels and restored the
BNZ-reduced antioxidant capacity. The BNZ-elevated activity of myeloperoxidase was declined in QCN-received
mice. QCN downregulated the expression and activity of hepatic CYP 2E1 in BNZ-exposed animals.

Conclusion:
Our results suggest that QCN could be a novel hepatoprotective compound for BNZ-induced hepatotoxicities,
which is attributed to its capability in the down-regulation of CYP 2E1 expression and activity.
Current and Emerging Pharmacological Therapies for Cushing's Disease
Authors: Divaris Efstathios , Kostopoulos Georgios , Efstathiadou Zoe A. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract:
Cushing’s Disease (CD), hypercortisolism due to pituitary ACTH secreting neuroendocrine neoplasm,
is associated with increased morbidity and, if untreated, mortality in about half of the affected individuals.
Consequently, the timely initiation of effective treatment is mandatory. Neurosurgery is the first line and
the only potentially curative treatment; however, 30% of patients will have persistent disease post-surgery. Furthermore,
a small percentage of those initially controlled will develop hypercortisolism during long-term follow-
up. Therefore, patients with persistent or recurrent disease, as well as those considered non-eligible for
surgery, will need a second-line therapeutic approach, i.e., pharmacotherapy. Radiation therapy is reserved as
a third-line therapeutic option due to its slower onset of action and its unfavorable profile regarding complications.
During the past few years, the understanding of molecular mechanisms implicated in the physiology of
the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis has evolved, and new therapeutic targets for CD have emerged. In the
present review, currently available treatments, compounds currently tested in ongoing clinical trials, and interesting,
potentially new targets emerging from unraveling molecular mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology
of Cushing’s disease are discussed.
Microfluidics-mediated Liposomal Nanoparticles for Cancer Therapy:
Recent Developments on Advanced Devices and Technologies
Authors: Naghib Seyed Morteza , Mohammad-Jafari Kave 
Published: March 2024

Abstract:
Liposomes, spherical particles with phospholipid double layers, have been extensively
studied over the years as a means of drug administration. Conventional manufacturing techniques
like thin-film hydration and extrusion have limitations in controlling liposome size and distribution.
Microfluidics enables superior tuning of parameters during the self-assembly of liposomes,
producing uniform populations. This review summarizes microfluidic methods for engineering liposomes,
including hydrodynamic flow focusing, jetting, micro mixing, and double emulsions.
The precise control over size and lamellarity afforded by microfluidics has advantages for cancer
therapy. Liposomes created through microfluidics and designed to encapsulate chemotherapy
drugs have exhibited several advantageous properties in cancer treatment. They showcase enhanced
permeability and retention effects, allowing them to accumulate specifically in tumor tissues
passively. This passive targeting of tumors results in improved drug delivery and efficacy
while reducing systemic toxicity. Promising results have been observed in pancreatic, lung, breast,
and ovarian cancer models, making them a potential breakthrough in cancer therapy. Surface-modified
liposomes, like antibodies or carbohydrates, also achieve active targeting. Overall, microfluidic
fabrication improves reproducibility and scalability compared to traditional methods
while maintaining drug loading and biological efficacy. Microfluidics-engineered liposomal formulations
hold significant potential to overcome challenges in nanomedicine-based cancer treatment.