bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Volatility contagion between cryptocurrencies, gold and stock markets pre-and-during COVID-19: evidence using DCC-GARCH and cascade-correlation network
Authors: Ibrahim Bassam A. , Elamer Ahmed A. , Alasker Thamir H. , Mohamed Marwa A. , Abdou Hussein A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe rapid rise of Bitcoin and its increasing global adoption has raised concerns about its impact on traditional markets, particularly in periods of economic turmoil and uncertainty such as the COVID-19 pandemic. This study examines the extent of the volatility contagion from the Bitcoin market to traditional markets, focusing on gold and six major stock markets (Japan, USA, UK, China, Germany, and France) using daily data from January 2, 2011, to June 2, 2022, with 2958 daily observations. We employ DCC-GARCH, wavelet coherence, and cascade-correlation network models to analyze the relationship between Bitcoin and those markets. Our results indicate long-term volatility contagion between Bitcoin and gold and short-term contagion during periods of market turmoil and uncertainty. We also find evidence of long-term contagion between Bitcoin and the six stock markets, with short-term contagion observed in Chinese and Japanese markets during COVID-19. These results suggest a risk of uncontrollable threats from Bitcoin volatility and highlight the need for measures to prevent infection transmission to local stock markets. Hedge funds, mutual funds, and individual and institutional investors can benefit from using our findings in their risk management strategies. Our research confirms the utility of the cascade-correlation network model as an innovative method to investigate intermarket contagion across diverse conditions. It holds significant implications for stock market investors and policymakers, providing evidence for potentially using cryptocurrencies for hedging, for diversification, or as a safe haven.
Perception of gender norms and its association with bullying behavior among adolescent students
Authors: Abdelrheem Shaimaa S. , El-Gibaly Omaima , Khairy Hasnaa 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Inequitable gender norms are increasingly seen as a risk to health and well-being. Although adolescence represents a critical phase of development before adulthood, there is limited understanding about adolescents’ perception of gender norms in Egypt. Adolescents’ nonconformity with stereotypical gender norms is suspected to increase their exposure to bullying behavior. This study aimed to explore the adolescents’ perception of gender norms — especially towards romantic relations and stereotypical gender traits and roles — and its association with bullying behavior among school children.

Methods
A cross-sectional study of a sample of 400 students 11–17 years from 10 public schools in Aswan city, Egypt was conducted. Data were collected via interviewer-administered questionnaires using the Gender Norms Scales and School Life Survey tool for bullying.

Results
School adolescents of both sexes showed no significant difference with respect to their attitudes towards romantic relationships engagement, but boys were slightly more permissive about romantic relationships than girls (54.4%, 46.1%, respectively). On the other hand, girls were significantly more likely to indicate agreement with a sexual double standard regarding boy/girl relationships than boys (75% vs. 46.4%, P < 0.001). Regarding gender stereotypical traits, girls’ and boys’ perception showed no significant difference, but boys had more endorsement, and 64.3% of boys perceived more agreement with gender stereotypical traits compared to 57.4% of girls. Also, boys were more likely to express more agreement with stereotypical gender roles than girls (74% vs. 52.9%, P < 0.001). However, 51% of students agreed that it was okay to tease a boy who acted like a girl, and 27.5% agreed that it was okay to tease a girl who acted like a boy. Students’ status of bullying and victimization was not significantly associated with any studied gender norms concept.

Conclusions
Perception of unequal gender norms starts early in adolescence. Boys are more accepting of heteronormative relations among adolescents and more likely to endorse stereotypical gender roles than girls, while girls are more conservative and more likely to perceive a sexual double standard regarding boy/girl relationships. Moreover, adolescents of both genders perceived more agreement with deserving sanctions for atypical gender behaviors in boys with higher perception in boys compared to girls. However, both boys’ and girls’ perception of gender is not related to their status of bullying and victimization. This has important implications for understanding the development of gender norms and their impact on adolescent behavior and social interactions.
Molecular perspectives on systemic priming and concomitant immunity in colorectal carcinoma
Authors: Ray Suman Kumar , Mukherjee Sukhes 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe progression of metastasis, a complex systemic disease, is facilitated by interactions between tumor cells and their isolated microenvironments. Over the past few decades, researchers have investigated the metastatic spread of cancer extensively, identifying multiple stages in the process, such as intravasation, extravasation, tumor latency, and the development of micrometastasis and macrometastasis. The premetastatic niche is established in target organs by the accumulation of aberrant immune cells and extracellular matrix proteins. The “seed and soil” idea, which has become widely known and accepted, is being used to this day to guide cancer studies. Changes in the local and systemic immune systems have a major impact on whether an infection spreads or not. The belief that the immune response may play a role in slowing tumor growth and may be beneficial against the metastatic disease underpins the responsiveness shown in the immunological landscape of metastasis. Various hypotheses on the phylogenesis of metastases have been proposed in the past. The primary tumor’s secreting factors shape the intratumoral microenvironment and the immune landscape, allowing this progress to be made. Therefore, it is evident that among disseminated tumor cells, there are distinct phenotypes that either carry budding for metastasis or have the ability to obtain this potential or in systemic priming through contact with substantial metastatic niches that have implications for medicinal chemistry. Concurrent immunity signals that the main tumor induces an immune response that may not be strong enough to eradicate the tumor. Immunotherapy’s success with some cancer patients shows that it is possible to effectively destroy even advanced-stage tumors by modifying the microenvironment and tumor-immune cell interactions. This review focuses on the metastasome in colorectal carcinoma and the therapeutic implications of site-specific metastasis, systemic priming, tumor spread, and the relationship between the immune system and metastasis.
Metastatic clear cell sarcoma of the pancreas: A rare case report
Authors: Liu Yu-Jing , Zou Chen , Wu Yong-You 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND
Clear cell sarcoma (CCS) is a rare soft-tissue sarcoma. The most common metastatic sites for CCS are the lungs, bones and brain. CCS is highly invasive and mainly metastasizes to the lung, followed by the bone and brain; however, pancreatic metastasis is relatively rare.
CASE SUMMARY
We report on a rare case of CCS with pancreatic metastasis in a 47-year-old man. The patient had a relevant medical history 3 years ago, with abdominal pain as the main clinical manifestation. No abnormalities were observed on physical examination and the tumor was found on abdominal computed tomography. Based on the medical history and postoperative pathology, the patient was diagnosed with CCS with pancreatic metastasis. The patient was successfully treated with surgical interventions, including distal pancreatectomy and splenectomy.
CONCLUSION
This report summarizes the available treatment modalities for CCS and the importance of regular postoperative follow-up for patients with CCS.
Malignant triton tumor in the abdominal wall: A case report
Authors: Yang Ho Jik , Kim Donghyun , Lee Won Suk , Oh Sang-Ha 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND
Malignant triton tumors (MTTs) comprise a subgroup of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) that exhibits rhabdomyosarcomatous differentiation and follow an aggressive course. MTTs are primarily located along peripheral nerves. Cases of MTTs in the abdominal wall have not been reported. MTT has a poorer prognosis than classic MPNSTs, and accurate diagnosis necessitates a keen understanding of the clinical history and knowledge of its differential diagnosis intricacies. Treatment for MTTs mirrors that for MPNSTs and is predominantly surgical.
CASE SUMMARY
A 49-year-old woman presented with a subcutaneous mass in her lower abdominal wall and a pre-existing surgical scar that had grown slowly over 3-4 months before the consultation. She had previously undergone radical hysterectomy and concurrent chemo-radiotherapy for cervical cancer approximately 5 years prior to the consultation. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) showed a 1.3 cm midline mass in the lower abdomen with infiltration into the rectus abdominis muscle. There was no sign of metastasis (T1N0M0). An incisional biopsy identified sporadic MTT of the lower abdomen. A comprehensive surgical excision with a 3 cm margin inclusive of the peritoneum was executed. Subsequently, the general surgeon utilized an approach akin to the open peritoneal onlay mesh technique. The patient underwent additional treatment with an excision shaped as a mini-abdominoplasty for the skin defect. No complications arose, and annual follow-up CTs did not show signs of recurrence or metastasis.
CONCLUSION
An abdominal MTT was efficaciously treated with extensive excision and abdominal wall reconstruction, eliminating the need for postoperative radiotherapy.
Multitap microwave photonic filter based on a DFB laser array using photonic wire bonding
Authors: Xu Zhenzhen , Yang Tongtong , Sun Zhenxing , Mei Yipeng , Lu Jun , Wang Wenxuan , Ma Yuxin , Chen Xiangfei 
Published: March 2024

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a multitap microwave photonic filter (MPF) based on a distributed feedback (DFB) laser array using photonic wire bonding (PWB). Through the application of the PWB technique, an eight-wavelength DFB laser array with wavelength spacing of 400 GHz was hybrid-integrated with an arrayed waveguide grating multiplexer. Remarkably, the insertion losses of all eight channels are maintained below 5 dB. In the experiments, the larger wavelength spacing allowed us to achieve a sinc MPF with a lower 3 dB bandwidth of 0.22 GHz using only eight taps. Further, Gaussian apodization enabled the out-of-band rejection of the filter to reach 24 dB. These results indicate that the proposed scheme could provide a promising guideline for the MPFs that demand high reconfigurability and greatly reduced size and complexity.
Unintended pregnancy and contraception use among African women living with HIV: Baseline analysis of the multi-country US PEPFAR PROMOTE cohort
Authors: Aizire Jim , Yende-Zuma Nonhlanhla , Hanley Sherika , Nematadzira Teacler , Nyati Mandisa M. , Dadabhai Sufia , Chinula Lameck , Nakaye Catherine , Fowler Mary Glenn , Taha Taha ,   for the US-PEPFAR PROMOTE Cohort Study team
Published: March 2024

Background
About 90% of unintended pregnancies are attributed to non-use of effective contraception–tubal ligation, or reversible effective contraception (REC) including injectables, oral pills, intra-uterine contraceptive device (IUCD), and implant. We assessed the prevalence of unintended pregnancy and factors associated with using RECs, and Long-Acting-Reversible-Contraceptives (LARCs)–implants and IUCDs, among women living with HIV (WLHIV) receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART).

Methods
We conducted cross-sectional analyses of the US-PEPFAR PROMOTE study WLHIV on ART at enrollment. Separate outcome (REC and LARC) modified-Poisson regression models were used to estimate prevalence risk ratio (PRR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results
Of 1,987 enrolled WLHIV, 990 (49.8%) reported their last/current pregnancy was unintended; 1,027/1,254 (81.9%) non-pregnant women with a potential to become pregnant reported current use of effective contraception including 215/1,254 (17.1%) LARC users. Compared to Zimbabwe, REC rates were similar in South Africa, aPRR = 0.97 (95% CI: 0.90–1.04), p = 0.355, lower in Malawi, aPRR = 0.84 (95% CI: 0.78–0.91), p<0.001, and Uganda, 0.82 (95% CI: 0.73–0.91), p<0.001. Additionally, REC use was independently associated with education attained, primary versus higher education, aPRR = 1.10 (95% CI: 1.02–1.18), p = 0.013; marriage/stable union, aPRR = 1.10 (95% CI: 1.01–1.21), p = 0.039; no desire for another child, PRR = 1.10 (95% CI: 1.02–1.16), p = 0.016; infrequent sex (none in the last 3 months), aPRR = 1.24 (95% CI: 1.15–1.33), p<0001; and controlled HIV load (≤ 1000 copies/ml), PRR = 1.10 (95% CI: 1.02–1.19), p = 0.014. LARC use was independently associated with country (Zimbabwe ref: South Africa, PRR = 0.39 (95% CI: 0.26–0.57), p<0.001; Uganda, PRR = 0.65 (95% CI: 0.42–1.01), p = 0.054; and Malawi, aPRR = 0.87 (95% CI: 0.64–1.19), p = 0.386; HIV load (≤ 1000 copies/ml copies/ml), aPRR=1.73 (95% CI: 1.26–2.37), p<0.001; and formal/self-employment, aPRR = 1.37 (95% CI: 1.02-1.91), p = 0.027.

Conclusions
Unintended pregnancy was common while use of effective contraception methods particularly LARCs was low among these African WLHIV. HIV viral load, education, sexual-activity, fertility desires, and economic independence are pertinent individual-level factors integral to the multi-level barriers to utilization of effective contraception among African WLHIV. National programs should prioritize strategies for effective integration of HIV and reproductive health care in the respective African countries.
No association between disease severity and respiratory syncytial virus subtypes RSV-A and RSV-B in hospitalized young children in Norway
Authors: Bøås Håkon , Havdal Lise Beier , Størdal Ketil , Døllner Henrik , Leegaard Truls Michael , Bekkevold Terese , Flem Elmira , Inchley Christopher , Nordbø Svein Arne , Rojahn Astrid Elisabeth , Debes Sara , Barstad Bjørn , Haarr Elisebet , Kran Anne-Marte Bakken ,   for the Norwegian Enhanced Pediatric Immunisation Surveillance (NorEPIS) Network
Published: March 2024

Objective
There is conflicting evidence whether subtypes of Respiratory syncytial virus have different seasonality or are differentially associated with clinical severity. We aimed to explore the associations between disease severity and RSV subtypes RSV-A and RSV-B and to describe the circulation of RSV subtypes pattern by season and age.

Methods
Active prospective hospital surveillance for RSV-A and RSV-B in children <59 months of age was conducted during 2015–2018. All febrile children 12–59 months of age were enrolled, whereas children <12 months were eligible if presenting with fever or respiratory symptoms. Risk factors and upper and lower respiratory tract infection was identified by linkage to national registry data and analyzed using penalized maximum likelihood logistic regression.

Results
Both RSV-A and B were found to co-circulate throughout all three study seasons, and no clear seasonal pattern was identified. Likewise, we found no association between sex or measures of severity with RSV-A or RSV-B. There was significantly more RSV-A than RSV-B among children with comorbidities.

Conclusions
No association was found between disease severity or sex and RSV subtypes RSV-A and RSV-B in hospitalized young children in Norway.
‘Q’ DE QUILOMBOLA? NEGAÇÃO SIMBÓLICA NA ESCOLA DOS REMANESCENTES DO QUILOMBO MORRO ALTO (RS)?
Authors: Machado dos Santos Ana Rita , Schefer Maria Cristina 
Published: March 2024

Nesta pesquisa, buscou-se compreender o motivo pelo qual o termo quilombola não está destacado na fachada do prédio e nos documentos pedagógicos de uma escola aquilombada, em 2014, no Litoral Norte do Rio Grande do Sul. Tratou-se de um estudo de caso único, em que conversas informais e entrevistas foram utilizadas na produção de dados. Os participantes foram membros da comunidade escolar e anciões quilombolas. As análises contaram com as contribuições teóricas de Bourdieu (2006), Bauman (2008) Sodré (2023), dentre outros e evidenciaram que: a) práticas simbólicas e pedagógicas têm operado para que não haja destaque à pertença afro étnica da maioria dos moradores do lugar; b) está em jogo a disputa territorial entre os descendentes de escravizados e os descendentes de posseiros no território; c) a instituição escolar tem sido um receptáculo do conflito entre os que reconhecem e os que não reconhecem os direitos dos remanescentes de quilombos no lugar, incluindo profissionais da educação. Desse modo, verificou-se, além do descumprimento legal dos princípios que tipificam uma escola como quilombola, também a edificação de um não-lugar-escolar.
Regionaler Klimaschutz in Zeiten der Krise? Eine vergleichende Untersuchung von zehn Landkreisen in vier Bundesländern
Authors: Zeigermann Ulrike , Böcher Michael , Benz Julia 
Published: March 2024

The amended German Climate Protection Act of 2021 is seen as an essential step towards fulfilment national climate protection targets and as a sign of mainstreaming climate protection in German politics. However, at the regional level, where many climate protection measures are implemented, there is a strong fragmentation in terms of priorities, policy instruments, actor constellations and resources. Moreover, the implementation of climate protection measures is under increasing pressure in the face of crises, such as the management of the Covid 19 pandemic or the energy crisis. We therefore ask: Under what conditions does regional climate protection succeed in times of crisis? Drawing on the regional governance concept and a comparative analysis of ten German counties, we explain differences in subnational climate governance. For our study, very different, but always rural districts were selected, as the importance of rural regions is often neglected in the study of local climate policy. Based on a qualitative document analysis in combination with observations and interviews with climate protection managers, we identify factors for the success of climate protection activities in times of multiple crises. We argue that structural factors are central to the success of regional climate protection measures in times of crisis, as they provide the framework conditions for the actions of actors.
Sliding methods for dual fractional nonlinear divergence type parabolic equations and the Gibbons’ conjecture
Authors: Guo Yahong , Ma Lingwei , Zhang Zhenqiu 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we consider the general dual fractional parabolic problem∂tαu(x,t)+Lu(x,t)=f(t,u(x,t))inRn×R.${\partial }_{t}^{\alpha }u\left(x,t\right)+\mathcal{L}u\left(x,t\right)=f\left(t,u\left(x,t\right)\right) \text{in} {\mathbb{R}}^{n}{\times}\mathbb{R}.$We show that the bounded entire solutionusatisfying certain one-direction asymptotic assumptions must be monotone increasing and one-dimensional symmetric along that direction under an appropriate decreasing condition onf. Our result here actually solves a well-known problem known as Gibbons’ conjecture in the setting of the dual fractional parabolic equations. To overcome the difficulties caused by the nonlocal divergence type operatorL$\mathcal{L}$and the Marchaud time derivative∂tα${\partial }_{t}^{\alpha }$, we introduce several new ideas. First, we derive a general weighted average inequality corresponding to the nonlocal operatorL$\mathcal{L}$, which plays a fundamental bridging role in proving maximum principles in unbounded domains. Then we combine these two essential ingredients to carry out the sliding method to establish the Gibbons’ conjecture. It is worth noting that our results are novel even for a special case ofL$\mathcal{L}$, the fractional Laplacian (−Δ)s, and the approach developed in this paper will be adapted to a broad range of nonlocal parabolic equations involving more general Marchaud time derivatives and more general non-local elliptic operators.
Die Corona-Proteste in Österreich. Reflexionen zu den Nachwehen einer autoritären Revolte
Authors: Knasmüller Florian , Brunner Markus , Daniel Antje 
Published: March 2024

Zusammenfassung
Die Massenproteste gegen die Corona-Maßnahmen sind spätestens seit dem deklarierten Ende der Pandemie kaum mehr öffentlich sichtbar – und doch hallen sie nach. Durch das breitflächige Aufbegehren gegen die Schutzmaßnahmen und gegen staatliche Institutionen als solche sowie die allgegenwärtigen Verschwörungstheorien wurde schnell die Frage nach dem antidemokratischen Charakter der Proteste aufgeworfen. Wir charakterisieren in diesem Beitrag die Proteste in Österreich und diskutieren anhand von Protestsurveys und vor dem Hintergrund von aktuellen Beiträgen aus der Autoritarismusforschung ihr rechtsautoritäres Potential: Nicht zuletzt fragen wir, welche Lehren aus den Mobilisierungserfolgen für kommende Krise gezogen werden können.
Fragmente antirassistischer Geschichten in Deutschland 1918 bis 2021
Authors: Bababoutilabo Vincent 
Published: March 2024

Zusammenfassung
Der vorliegende Text wirft Schlaglichter auf Konjunkturen antirassistischer Kämpfe in Deutschland. Versammelt werden einzelne Fragmente von Bewegungsgeschichten im Kontext ihrer jeweiligen gesellschaftlichen Bedingungen. Beleuchtet wird das Verschwinden Schwarzer Organisierungen nach der Weimarer Republik sowie die Einflüsse von Kolonialismus und der völkischen Bewegung auf den Rassismus der damaligen Zeit. Die Bürgerrechtsbewegung der Sinti und Roma nach dem Nationalsozialismus wird ebenso thematisiert wie Migration und Antirassismus in der DDR. Abschließend werden Bleiberechtskämpfe der 1990er Jahre und das Archivprojekt „Versammeln antirassistischer Kämpfe“ nach dem Sommer der Migration 2015 vorgestellt.
Synthesis of hydrophobic biopolyesters from depolymerized Pinus radiata bark suberin
Authors: Quilter Helena C. , Risani Regis , Gallagher Suzanne , Robertson Michael , Thumm Armin , Thomas Hayden P. , Abbel Robert 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The bark of Pinus radiata offers an underutilized source of high-value renewable chemicals such as extractable polyphenols and lipophilic compounds (waxes and suberin). Here, the depolymerization and extraction of suberin from P. radiata bark and its repolymerization to form novel polyesters are reported. Three different strategies were evaluated for repolymerization of the suberin monomers, with starting materials and products characterized using chemical and thermal analysis techniques. The inclusion of comonomer (1,12-dodecanediol) to provide stoichiometric balance improved the conversion, product yield, solubility and increased molecular weight. Enzymatic polymerization conditions gave the highest yield, while the highest molecular weight was achieved using titanium butoxide, demonstrating that polymerization conditions could be varied to target desired product properties. Products were hydrophobic, as shown by contact angles, ϴ ≥ 90° after 30 s. This work highlights opportunities for utilizing suberin to add value to a P. radiata bark biorefinery concept. Potential future applications include its use as a starting material for novel bio-based polymers that can serve as water-repellent surfaces and coatings, replacing established products derived from fossil resources.