bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Blitz interview with Archpriest Vladislav Tsypin, professor emeritus of the Moscow Theological Academy, on the appointment of a church court
Authors: Урум Иов 
Published: April 2024

Церковный суд, как вид церковной власти, конечно, существовал в Церкви всегда, но как самостоятельное церковное учреждение он создан в постсоветскую эпоху: его не было ни в советский период, ни в синодальную эпоху, ни в эпоху допетровскую. Церковная власть, согласно православному учению нераздельна, и полнота ее принадлежит правящему архиерею — власть законодательная, административная и судебная, а на уровне поместных церквей она принадлежит собору епископов. Поэтому и существующие ныне епархиальные суды подчинены правящему архиерею и окончательных решений не уполномочены принимать. Всякое решение епархиального суда утверждается правящим архиереем, некоторые из них еще затем утверждаются патриархом.
The Church Court as a type of ecclesiastical authority, of course, has always existed in the Church, but as an independent ecclesiastical institution it was created in the post-Soviet era: it did not exist in the Soviet period, nor in the synodal era, nor in the pre-Petrine era. Church authority, according to Orthodox teaching, is indivisible, and the fullness of it belongs to the ruling bishop - legislative, administrative and judicial power, and at the level of local churches it belongs to the Council of Bishops. Therefore, the diocesan courts that exist today are subordinate to the ruling bishop and are not authorised to make final decisions. Every decision of a diocesan court is approved by the ruling bishop, and some of them are also approved by the patriarch.
Stride Velocity 95th Centile Detects Decline in Ambulatory Function Over Shorter Intervals than the 6-Minute Walk Test or North Star Ambulatory Assessment in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: Rabbia Michael , Guridi Ormazabal Maitea , Staunton Hannah , Veenstra Klaas , Eggenspieler Damien , Annoussamy Mélanie , Servais Laurent , Strijbos Paul 
Published: April 2024

Background: Stride Velocity 95th Centile (SV95C) is the first wearable device-derived clinical outcome assessment (COA) to receive European Medicines Agency (EMA) qualification as a primary endpoint in ambulant patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) aged ≥4 years. Objective: To compare SV95C—in its first-ever clinical trial application as a secondary endpoint—with established motor function COAs used in the trial (Four-Stair Climb [4SC] velocity, North Star Ambulatory Assessment [NSAA], and Six-Minute Walk Distance [6MWD]). Methods: SV95C was a secondary endpoint in a subset ( n = 47) of participants in the SPITFIRE/WN40227 trial of taldefgrobep alfa, which was discontinued due to lack of clinical benefit. Participants in the ≤48-week SV95C sub-study were 6–11 years old and received corticosteroids for ≥6 months pre-treatment. Pearson correlations were used to compare SV95C with the other COAs. Responsiveness and changes over time were respectively assessed via standardized response means (SRMs) based on absolute changes and mixed models for repeated measures. Results: SV95C change at Week 24 was –0.07 m/s, with limited variability (standard deviation: 0.16, n = 27). The SRM for SV95C indicated moderate responsiveness to clinical change at the earliest timepoint (Week 12, n = 46), while those of the other COAs did not indicate moderate responsiveness until Week 36 (6MWD, n = 33) or Week 48 (4SC velocity, n = 20; NSAA total score, n = 20). Baseline correlations between SV95C and other COAs were strong ( r = 0.611–0.695). Correlations between SV95C change from baseline to Week 48 and changes in other COAs were moderate to strong ( r = 0.443–0.678).∥ Conclusions: Overall, SV95C demonstrated sensitivity to ambulatory decline over short intervals, low variability, and correlation with established COAs. Although the negative trial precluded demonstration of SV95C’s sensitivity to drug effect, these findings support the continued use of SV95C in DMD clinical trials.
Severe pulmonary hypertension and circulatory failure associated with Congenital syphilis. Case report
Authors: Sanchez-Holgado M. , Bravo M.C. , Alvarez-Garcia P. , Lopez-Ortego P. , Criado Camargo S. , Pellicer A. 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND: Congenital syphilis is a vertical infection caused by Treponema pallidum. Despite the implementation of preventive strategies during pregnancy, its incidence is increasing, and it constitutes an important public health problem. Most patients with congenital syphilis are asymptomatic; however, a small group may develop severe disease at birth with the need of advanced resuscitation in the delivery room, acute hypoxemic respiratory failure, and hemodynamic instability. Therefore, awareness is needed. METHODS AND RESULTS: This series describes the clinical course of two late preterm infants with congenital syphilis who developed acute hypoxemic respiratory failure, pulmonary hypertension, and circulatory collapse early after birth. Integrated hemodynamic evaluation with neonatologist-performed echocardiography (NPE) and therapeutic management is provided. CONCLUSIONS: A comprehensive hemodynamic evaluation including early and serial functional echocardiography in these patients is needed to address the underlying complex pathophysiology and to help to establish accurate treatment.
Naturalisation as a factor of migrants' inclusion in the socio-political processes of the host country
Authors: Radchenko O. I. , Zinchenko D. A. 
Published: April 2024

Naturalisation provides not only access to the full range of rights and opportunities that are due to citizens, but also contributes to the formation of a sense of belonging to the host country, which is an important factor in social cohesion. In the globalisation context, migration processes are of particular importance, as the growing number of migrants in many countries necessitates their effective integration. Naturalisation is one of the mechanisms that facilitates the involvement of migrants in the political life of the country, giving them the right to vote and the opportunity to participate in the formation of public policy. The article focuses on the challenges and obstacles that migrants may face during the naturalisation process, including legal barriers, cultural and linguistic differences. Overcoming these challenges is important to facilitate the full integration of migrants into society.
Based on an analysis of different naturalisation models, the paper examines how different countries approach the process of migrant inclusion. For example, some countries offer simplified naturalisation procedures for certain categories of migrants, while others require longer residence and demonstration of language and cultural proficiency. It is emphasised that naturalisation is a key factor in ensuring the harmonious integration of migrants into the socio-political structures of the host country. This not only contributes to economic growth and social stability, but also paves the way for a more inclusive and multicultural society.
The importance of naturalisation for the political inclusion of migrants also lies in the strengthening of democratic institutions. Migrants who are naturalised as citizens have the opportunity to influence political decisions and elections, which contributes to the representation of diverse groups in political processes. This, in turn, leads to fairer and more balanced governance that takes into account the interests of all segments of society, including migrants. In addition, naturalisation promotes social cohesion, as migrants who become full citizens often feel more responsible for the welfare of the host country. This can stimulate greater volunteer and civic engagement, which is important for the development of a strong and cohesive society. The naturalisation process also has economic benefits.
Pollution and health risk assessment of co-existing microplastics and heavy metals in urban dust of Riyadh city, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Ahmad Munir , Al-Swadi Hamed Ahmed , Ahmad Jahangir , Akanji Mutair A. , Mousa Mohammed Awad , Lubis Nahrir M.A. , Al-Wabel Mohammad I. , Al-Farraj Abdullah S. F. 
Published: April 2024

Microplastics (MPs) and heavy metals have recently attracted much attention due to their widespread distribution in the environment. Co-occurrence of MPs and heavy metals in dust poses potential health risks for humans. The objectives of this study were to investigate pollution and health risk factors associated with co-occurring MPs and heavy metals in urban dust. Here, 20 dust samples (both indoor and outdoor environments) were collected from different places in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia using sweeping method. The MPs were separated from dust samples via density separation using ZnCl2 Microscopic techniques were used to investigate MPs while inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry was used heavy metals analyses in the collected samples. The results of the study showed that all the collected dust samples were contaminated with MPs of different shapes, sizes, and colors. Fragment-shaped MPs were the most dominant, followed by granules, fibers, and lines, while the majority of the MP particles were red and black. Furthermore, the size distribution analyses demonstrated that particles above 1,000 µm were abundant. Also, the number of MPs was in the range of 20 particles g-1 to 1,052 particles g-1. Human exposure estimations showed that toddlers could inhale more MPs (0.86 MPs particles kg-1 day-1 and 312.93 particles kg-1 year-1) than children, teenagers, and adults. In addition, the concentrations of heavy metals varied from one site to another, however, the average concentrations were lower than their corresponding values in the guidelines (except for Zn). The integrated potential ecological risk in dust samples was characterized as a low-risk criterion. The enrichment factor for Zn in dust samples at all sites was more than 2, indicating a major contamination concern and anthropogenic sources responsible for the existence of Zn. The estimated hazard quotient indicates that children and adults are saved from the adverse effects of dust inhalation in the studied area. These findings could serve as a preliminary step for efficient pollution management and environmental quality maintenance in Riyadh.
iDNA-OpenPrompt: OpenPrompt learning model for identifying DNA methylation
Authors: Yu Xia , Ren Jia , Long Haixia , Zeng Rao , Zhang Guoqiang , Bilal Anas , Cui Yani 
Published: April 2024

Introduction: DNA methylation is a critical epigenetic modification involving the addition of a methyl group to the DNA molecule, playing a key role in regulating gene expression without changing the DNA sequence. The main difficulty in identifying DNA methylation sites lies in the subtle and complex nature of methylation patterns, which may vary across different tissues, developmental stages, and environmental conditions. Traditional methods for methylation site identification, such as bisulfite sequencing, are typically labor-intensive, costly, and require large amounts of DNA, hindering high-throughput analysis. Moreover, these methods may not always provide the resolution needed to detect methylation at specific sites, especially in genomic regions that are rich in repetitive sequences or have low levels of methylation. Furthermore, current deep learning approaches generally lack sufficient accuracy.Methods: This study introduces the iDNA-OpenPrompt model, leveraging the novel OpenPrompt learning framework. The model combines a prompt template, prompt verbalizer, and Pre-trained Language Model (PLM) to construct the prompt-learning framework for DNA methylation sequences. Moreover, a DNA vocabulary library, BERT tokenizer, and specific label words are also introduced into the model to enable accurate identification of DNA methylation sites.Results and Discussion: An extensive analysis is conducted to evaluate the predictive, reliability, and consistency capabilities of the iDNA-OpenPrompt model. The experimental outcomes, covering 17 benchmark datasets that include various species and three DNA methylation modifications (4mC, 5hmC, 6mA), consistently indicate that our model surpasses outstanding performance and robustness approaches.
Highly variable timing renders immunotherapy efficacy and toxicity impractical biomarkers of one another in clinical practice
Authors: von Itzstein Mitchell S. , Yang Yuqiu , Wang Yiqing , Hsiehchen David , Sheffield Thomas Y. , Fattah Farjana , Popat Vinita , Ahmed Murtaza , Homsi Jade , Dowell Jonathan E. , Rashdan Sawsan , Lohrey Jay , Hammers Hans J. , Hughes Randall S. , Wang Tao , Xie Yang , Gerber David E. 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundA useful clinical biomarker requires not only association but also a consistent temporal relationship. For instance, chemotherapy-induced neutropenia and epidermal growth-factor inhibitor-related acneiform rash both occur within weeks of treatment initiation, thereby providing information prior to efficacy assessment. Although immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-associated immune-related adverse events (irAE) have been associated with therapeutic benefit, irAE may have delayed and highly variable onset. To determine whether ICI efficacy and irAE could serve as clinically useful biomarkers for predicting each other, we determined the temporal relationship between initial efficacy assessment and irAE onset in a diverse population treated with ICI.MethodsUsing two-sided Fisher exact and Cochran-Armitage tests, we determined the relative timing of initial efficacy assessment and irAE occurrence in a cohort of 155 ICI-treated patients (median age 68 years, 40% women).ResultsInitial efficacy assessment was performed a median of 50 days [interquartile range (IQR) 39-59 days] after ICI initiation; median time to any irAE was 77 days (IQR 28-145 days) after ICI initiation. Median time to first irAE was 42 days (IQR 20-88 days). Overall, 58% of any irAE and 47% of first irAE occurred after initial efficacy assessment. For clinically significant (grade ≥2) irAE, 60% of any and 53% of first occurred after initial efficacy assessment. The likelihood of any future irAE did not differ according to response (45% for complete or partial response vs. 47% for other cases; P=1). In landmark analyses controlling for clinical and toxicity follow-up, patients demonstrating greater tumor shrinkage at initial efficacy assessment were more likely to develop future grade ≥2 (P=0.05) and multi-organ (P=0.02) irAE.ConclusionsIn contrast to that seen with chemotherapy and molecularly targeted therapies, the temporal relationship between ICI efficacy and toxicity is complex and bidirectional. In practice, neither parameter can be routinely relied on as a clinical biomarker to predict the other.
Evaluation of HPV infection and presence of licensed HPV vaccine genotypes among genital warts in Foshan, China
Authors: Huang Zeqi , Yao Shaonuan , Zou Lin , Xie Weixian , Xie Dongde , Li Weiwei , Tan Deyou , Shuai Jiangang 
Published: April 2024

ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and presence of licensed HPV vaccine genotypes among patients with genital warts in Foshan, China from 2015 to 2022, to provide useful references for the detection, prevention and control of genital warts in Foshan.MethodsThe present study retrospectively analyzed the HPV detection rates in patients with genital warts. A total of 1,625 patients were seen at the Second People’s Hospital of Foshan, Guangdong Province, China, from 2015 to 2022. Samples were collected from various lesions and genotyped for 21 genotypes of HPV by infusion hybridization. The classification principle of HPV genotypes in this study: (1) Based on the relationship between HPV and carcinogenicity; (2) Based on the number of HPV genotypes infected; (3) Based on the HPV genotypes of licensed HPV vaccines.ResultsThe detection rate of any HPV in patients with genital warts was 80.37% (1,306/1,625). The detection rates of HPV for low-risk infection, co-infection and high-risk infection were 49.48% (804/1,625), 24.92% (405/1,625) and 5.97% (97/1,625), respectively. Single infection was the predominant type (51.94%, 844/1625). HPV-6 and HPV-11 were the predominant types of single infection; HPV-6 and HPV-52 were the predominant types of paired combinations of multiple infection. 82.22% (1,336/1,625) of the cases had an age distribution of ≤ 24, 25–34, and 35–44. The distribution of some HPV genotypes had age specificity, annual specificity and gender specificity. The genotype detection rates of 2v, 4v and 9v showed a decreasing trend with ages (all P &lt; 0.05). The genotype detection rates of 4v and 9v showed a decreasing trend over the 8-year period (both P &lt; 0.05). The genotype detection rates of 4v and 9v in the male group were higher than those in the female group (both P &lt; 0.05). The genotype detection rate of 9v was significantly higher than that of 2v and 4v in the female group (both P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionOur study demonstrated that low-risk infection and single infection were the main types of HPV infection in patients with genital warts, mainly among young patients. Our study provides epidemiological data for the detection, prevention and control of genital warts in China.
Clinical study on the efficacy of postural control combined with electroacupuncture in treating dysphagia after stroke
Authors: Wu Yanli , Zhang Zhongwen , Li Qing , Yuan Xiu , Ren Jiange , Chen Yulin , Zhu He 
Published: April 2024

ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical effectiveness of combining postural control with electroacupuncture in the treatment of dysphagia following stroke, with the goal of establishing a solid clinical foundation for this therapeutic approach and investigating potential mechanisms to stimulate additional research and progress in post-stroke dysphagia management.Methods138 patients who met the diagnostic and inclusion criteria were enrolled and divided into control group and observation group. Both groups received conventional rehabilitation training. Additionally, the control group received swallowing training and diet optimize, while the observation group received swallowing training, diet optimize, posture control as well as electroacupuncture therapy. After four weeks, swallowing function was assessed and compared between the two groups using the Standardized Swallowing Assessment (SSA) score and water swallowing test (WST).ResultsPatients who underwent postural control therapy in combination with electroacupuncture demonstrated significantly higher treatment efficacy compared to the control group. Notably, The SSA score and WST score in both groups decreased significantly, and the observation group showed more improvements in aspiration compared to the control group.ConclusionThe integration of posture control, electroacupuncture, and conventional rehabilitation training can effectively lower the degree of post-stroke swallowing disorders, restore swallowing function, and significantly reduce the occurrence of complications such as aspiration, fever, and nutritional disorders. Moreover, this approach significantly improves the quality of life of patients and is more effective than conventional rehabilitation training in treating post-stroke swallowing disorders.Clinical trial registrationhttps://www.chictr.org.cn/, Identifier ChiCTR2300075870.
Auditory feedback decreases timing variability for discontinuous and continuous motor tasks in autistic adults
Authors: Richard Williams Nicole , Tremblay Luc , Hurt-Thaut Corene , Brian Jessica , Kowaleski Julia , Mertel Kathrin , Shlüter Sebastian , Thaut Michael 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionAutistic individuals demonstrate greater variability and timing error in their motor performance than neurotypical individuals, likely due at least in part to atypical cerebellar characteristics and connectivity. These motor difficulties may differentially affect discrete as opposed to continuous movements in autistic individuals. Augmented auditory feedback has the potential to aid motor timing and variability due to intact auditory-motor pathways in autism and high sensitivity in autistic individuals to auditory stimuli.MethodsThis experiment investigated whether there were differences in timing accuracy and variability in autistic adults as a function of task (discontinuous vs. continuous movements) and condition (augmented auditory feedback vs. no auditory feedback) in a synchronization-continuation paradigm. Ten autistic young adults aged 17–27 years of age completed the within-subjects study that involved drawing circles at 800 milliseconds intervals on a touch screen. In the discontinuous task, participants traced a series of discrete circles and paused at the top of each circle for at least 60 milliseconds. In the continuous task, participants traced the circles without pausing. Participants traced circles in either a non-auditory condition, or an auditory condition in which they heard a tone each time that they completed a circle drawing.ResultsParticipants had significantly better timing accuracy on the continuous timing task as opposed to the discontinuous task. Timing consistency was significantly higher for tasks performed with auditory feedback.DiscussionThis research reveals that motor difficulties in autistic individuals affect discrete timing tasks more than continuous tasks, and provides evidence that augmented auditory feedback may be able to mitigate some of the timing variability present in autistic persons’ movements. These results provide support for future investigation on the use of music-based therapies involving auditory feedback to address motor dysfunction in autistic individuals.