bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Dietary Supplementation of Vitamins C and E on the Productive Traits, Egg Quality and Immune Response of Guinea Fowl in Al-Ahsa Province, Saudia Arabia
Authors: Abdulmohsen M , Al-Rasheedb MI , Shawky M , Abdel-Raheem SM 
Published: April 2024

Guinea fowl production makes significant contributions to animal protein through producing cheap meat and eggs, which serve as a buffer to shortages of poultry products. This study aims to e the effect of vitamin C, vitamin E solely and together on laying performance, egg quality and some blood parameters of Guinea fowl. A total of 180 black guinea fowls at eight months of age were equally divided into four groups, 45 birds, each. Each group was subdivided into 3 replicates, each one consists of 15 birds. The dietary treatments include the control group (basal diet); basal diet plus 500 mg /kg vitamin C (T1); basal diet plus 200 mg/kg vitamin E and basal diet plus 500 mg vitamin C and 200 mg vitamin E /kg feed. The results revealed that, the overall production characters including livability of laying guinea fowl were significantly improved (P<0.05) by the dietary inclusion of vitamin C and E singly or in combinations. The hen day egg production %, egg mass, albumen height, albumen weight, egg length, egg width and egg shell thickness were higher (P < 0.01) in the group supplemented with the combination of vitamin C and E in comparison with other treatment groups. In addition, supplementation of the dietary combination of vitamin C and E significantly increased (P<0.01) the Newcastle vaccine antibody titer and blood metabolites than single supplementation of both vitamins. In conclusion, the combined dietary supplementation of 500 mg /kg vitamin C and 200 mg/kg vitamin E had proved to be successful in improving the productive performance, egg quality, immune responses and the general health of black guinea fowl under present experimental conditions. This study proposes the synergistic beneficial action between vitamin C and vitamin E when supplemented together to Guinea fowl.
Hepatoprotective effect of Artichoke (Cynara scolymus) in laying hens
Authors: Ürüşan H 
Published: April 2024

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of artichoke plant (Cynara scolymus) at different ratios (0, 5, 10 and 15 g/kg) supplementation into high-energy laying hen diet on performance, egg quality parameters, serum lipid profile, some liver enzymes and liver fat ratio. In total, one hundred and twenty 70-week-old Lohman LSL laying hens were randomly assigned to five groups and each group consisted of six subgroups. The control group was fed the basal feed (2650 kcal/kg ME), and the treatments groups were fed with high energy (2850 kcal/kg ME) including 0, 5, 10 and 15 g/kg artichoke, respectively. The feed and water were given to animals as ad-libitum during the experimental period. Experiment lasted for 8 weeks.The supplementation of 10 g/kg artichoke to the diet improved feed conversion ratio (FCR) and increased egg production. All additive artichoke diets showed the highest eggshell weight, shell breaking strength, shell thickness and yolk color. The addition of artichoke to the high energy diet reduced the serum triglyceride, LDL and VLDL concentration. The GSH, CAT and GPx values which are enzymatic antioxidants in serum were found to be highest in the HE+ artichoke 5 g/kg group. The liver fat content was dramatically lower in laying hens fed on HE+artichoke 10 g/kg diet (18.83 %) compared with those fed on the high energy diet (48.26 %).As s result, dietary supplementation of artichoke could be used in the diets to improve the performance, shell weight, breaking strength, thickness of shell, egg yolk color and reduced to serum triglyceride, LDL and VLDL concentration, liver fat ratio and increased the serum antioxidants enzymes (GSH, CAT and GPx).
The Efficacy of an Engineered Biocarbon in Young Broiler Chicken During an Aflatoxin Exposure
Authors: Bayir HO , Ritz C , Fowler J 
Published: April 2024

This study was conducted to evaluate aflatoxin (AFB1) adsorption capacity of a carbonaceous biomass (Bio-C) in vitro and the efficacy of a Bio-C in mitigating the effects of a 0.5 mg/kg dose of aflatoxins (AF) in vivo. In vitro AFB1 affinity of Bio-C were determined by using different AFB1 concentration containing solutions, and these concentrations were measured by a UV-visible spectrophotometry. In in vivo test, a total of 192 Cobb-500 male broilers were obtained on the day of hatch and randomly allocated to one of 32 treatments pens (6 birds/pen). Birds were fed a broiler starter mash diet containing either 0 or 0.5 mg/kg AF, with or without 0.4% of Bio-C, resulting in 4 treatments arranged as a 2x2 full-factorial. Pen weights and feed consumed were recorded weekly, and mortality was recorded daily. On day 21, three birds from each pen were killed by cervical dislocation and the liver, kidney, and spleen were removed and weighed for relative organ weight assessment. Data were analyzed as a 2x2 full-factorial for AF level and Bio-C using the GLM procedures of SPSS. Our data indicates that Bio-C adsorption capacity was ranged from 29% to 70%, with an average of 44%. In vivo results showed that the performance of birds receiving 0.5 mg/kg AF were not significantly different compared to the control group at any point during the 21-day trial. No main effects were seen on the performance parameters by the inclusion of Bio-C in the diet. There was also no AF/Bio-C interaction. The relative weights of the liver, kidney, and spleen were not significantly different whether birds were fed 0.5 mg/kg AF or 0.4% Bio-C. These data suggest that supplementation of Bio-C has no effect on broiler performance when provided in diets either free of AF or containing up to 0.5 mg/kg.
The effects of body weight and age on performance, egg quality, blood parameters, and economic production of laying hens
Authors: Ekinci O , Esenbuga N , Dagdemir V 
Published: April 2024

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of body weight on performance, egg quality, blood parameters, and economics of production of Lohmann white laying hens. A total of 288 Lohmann white layers, 44 wks of age, were allocated randomly to three groups, each formed 24 replicate cages as subgroups, comprising of four hens. The study was conducted over a period of 36 wks. Feed and water were offered ad libitum in the experiment. Performance parameters were significantly affected by body weight except for cracked egg. Considering the egg production, differences among the groups were significant (P<0.001). Egg production in the light group was higher than that of the medium and the heavy group. However, egg weight was determined to be lower in the light group (66.58 g) than in medium (67.54 g) and heavy hens (68.84 g). Hens in light body weight had lower feed intake and feed conversion ratio (FCR) than hens in heavy body weight. There were no alterations in egg quality parameters in response to increased body weight except for SS and yolk color. SS decreased linearly (P<0.001) and YC increased with BW. Other egg quality parameters did not change as BW increased. There was no change in the metabolic profile in response to increased BW except for glucose. Heavy hens had greater serum glucose concentrations than light and medium hens. This study emphasized that body weight affected the laying performance, some egg quality parameters, but had no significant effect on metabolic profile except for glucose. As a result, it was found that there was a positive relationship between the egg weight and the body weight of the hens. In this case, it is possible to produce more eggs with less feed by increasing the number of light and medium-weight chickens in the herd for profitable livestock.
Association between white line disease and sole ulcers with certain milk components in Simmental cows
Authors: Ninković M , Žutić J , Arsić S , Zdravković N , Zurovac Sapundžić Z , Glišić D , Bojkovski J , Giadinis ND , Panousis N 
Published: April 2024

Lameness is one of the high influence production illnesses in intensive dairy production farming, it reduces milk yield and can also negatively affect the quality of milk. Many factors can affect the production of milk components. In addition race, nutrition, milk yield, various metabolic disorders, and lameness can have an effect on the synthesis of milk components. White line disease and sole ulcers are widespread hoof diseases of cows in tied-holding systems. Albeit the main cause of lameness, associations between claw disorders of cows and variation of milk components haven’t been widely studied in Simmental cows. The objective of our study was to investigate the effect of white line disease and sole ulcers on the production of milk components of Simmental dairy cows kept in the small households in Mačva locality, Serbia. Cows were selected with a history of lameness. A total of 3 groups of cows: affected by white line disease (n=12), sole ulcers (n=12), and healthy cows (n=12) in the early stage of lactation were selected for analysis of milk components. Milk components (milk protein, fat, and non-fat dry matter) were analyzed using Lactoscan S. Significance of differences in milk component characteristics between white line disease, sole ulcers, and healthy groups were tested using a Kruskal-Wallis multiple comparisons test. The contents of milk fat of cows affected by white line disease and cows affected by sole ulcers were significantly lower than those of non-lame cows: 3.80%, 3.69%, and 4.18%, respectively (both p<0.05). However, differences in the contents of milk protein and the contents of non-fat dry matter cows affected by white line disease, sole ulcers, and in health cows were not significantly different (p>0.05). Our results indicate that hoof diseases of cows namely whitee line disease and sole ulcers, significantly reduce the milk fat production in lame Simmental cows.
Study of the relationship between stress and mental health of teachers of educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia
Authors: Maltseva Tatiana , Kursakova Elena 
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this article is to analyze the relationship between stress and mental health of teachers of educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. The subject of this study was the mental health of teachers of educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. The study was carried out on the basis of the cultural-historical, activity-based and resource-based methodological approaches of psychology (L. S. Vygotsky, A. N. Leontiev, P. Ya. Galperin, D. B. Elkonin, etc.). In the process of conducting the research, the following methods were used: formal logical analysis, generalizations, diagnostic (psychological test methods for assessing stress resistance and neuropsychic adaptation), quantitative (statistical) and qualitative (differentiation of material by groups, options), as well as methods of mathematical statistics with using computer statistical packages of the SPSS program.
The respondents were 40 representatives of the teaching staff of educational institutions of higher education aged 30-45 years with 10-20 years of work experience.
It has been revealed that the mental health of teachers is determined, first of all, by their susceptibility to organizational stress, which affects the manifestation of a state of maladjustment and mental discomfort.
The study determined the characteristics of susceptibility to organizational stress of teachers of the educational organization of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia; Differences were identified in the degree of exposure to the negative consequences of stress between certified teachers and civilian teachers. A significant connection between the level of neuropsychic adaptation and the level of assessment of organizational stress was revealed. The training program for preserving mental health and self-development of the teaching staff of educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia is justified;
It has been shown that susceptibility to organizational stress, the level of psychological stress, and the severity of stress factors are higher in the group of teachers at civilian universities; in terms of the degree of exposure to the negative consequences of stress, the groups of certified teachers dominate the group of civilians; The mental health of professionals is determined, first of all, by their susceptibility to organizational stress, which affects the manifestation of a state of maladjustment and mental discomfort.
Optical transition properties, 1550-to-980  nm upconversion, and temperature sensing of NaEr(WO4)2:Yb3+ phosphors synthesized via the microwave-assisted hydrothermal method
Authors: Gao Duan , Liu Shengyi , Zhang Xizhen , Zhang Jinsu , Xu Sai , Li Xiangping , Cao Yongze , Wang Yichao , Yu Hongquan , Zhang Yuhang , Sha Xuezhu , Wang Li , Chen Xin , Chen Baojiu 
Published: April 2024

Improving photoelectric conversion efficiency and enhancing heat management are two critical considerations for silicon-based solar cells. In this study, efficient Yb3+ infrared emissions through the upconversion process were achieved by adjusting the concentrations of Yb3+ in Er3+ highly condensed NaEr(WO4)2 phosphor. Additionally, the temperature sensing based on the fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR) was also studied in this tungstate system. Moreover, the radiative transition rates for all relevant transitions of Er3+ in NaEr(WO4)2:Yb3+ phosphors were calculated in the framework of Judd-Ofelt theory, and the optical transition properties of Yb3+ were also revealed by taking Er3+ as a reference. It was found that the radiative transition rate of Yb3+:2F5/2→2F7/2 (2977.52s−1) is significantly higher than that of Er3+:4I11/2→4I15/2 (303.50s−1), thus suggesting the feasibility for the strong emission at 980 nm of Yb3+ in assistance of the energy transfer 4I11/2+2F7/2→4I15/2+2F5/2. Finally, strong and nearly pure NIR emissions of Yb3+ were experimentally observed under 1550 nm excitation, and possible upconversion mechanisms were proposed. The temperature sensing performance of the studied materials was also assessed. All the results imply that NaEr(WO4)2:Yb3+ constitutes an excellent material for enhancing both the photoelectric conversion efficiency and thermal management of silicon-based solar cells.
A novel electronic health record-based, machine-learning model to predict severe hypoglycemia leading to hospitalizations in older adults with diabetes: A territory-wide cohort and modeling study
Authors: Shi Mai , Yang Aimin , Lau Eric S. H. , Luk Andrea O. Y. , Ma Ronald C. W. , Kong Alice P. S. , Wong Raymond S. M. , Chan Jones C. M. , Chan Juliana C. N. , Chow Elaine 
Published: April 2024

Background
Older adults with diabetes are at high risk of severe hypoglycemia (SH). Many machine-learning (ML) models predict short-term hypoglycemia are not specific for older adults and show poor precision-recall. We aimed to develop a multidimensional, electronic health record (EHR)-based ML model to predict one-year risk of SH requiring hospitalization in older adults with diabetes.

Methods and findings
We adopted a case-control design for a retrospective territory-wide cohort of 1,456,618 records from 364,863 unique older adults (age ≥65 years) with diabetes and at least 1 Hong Kong Hospital Authority attendance from 2013 to 2018. We used 258 predictors including demographics, admissions, diagnoses, medications, and routine laboratory tests in a one-year period to predict SH events requiring hospitalization in the following 12 months. The cohort was randomly split into training, testing, and internal validation sets in a 7:2:1 ratio. Six ML algorithms were evaluated including logistic-regression, random forest, gradient boost machine, deep neural network (DNN), XGBoost, and Rulefit. We tested our model in a temporal validation cohort in the Hong Kong Diabetes Register with predictors defined in 2018 and outcome events defined in 2019. Predictive performance was assessed using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC), area under the precision-recall curve (AUPRC) statistics, and positive predictive value (PPV). We identified 11,128 SH events requiring hospitalization during the observation periods. The XGBoost model yielded the best performance (AUROC = 0.978 [95% CI 0.972 to 0.984]; AUPRC = 0.670 [95% CI 0.652 to 0.688]; PPV = 0.721 [95% CI 0.703 to 0.739]). This was superior to an 11-variable conventional logistic-regression model comprised of age, sex, history of SH, hypertension, blood glucose, kidney function measurements, and use of oral glucose-lowering drugs (GLDs) (AUROC = 0.906; AUPRC = 0.085; PPV = 0.468). Top impactful predictors included non-use of lipid-regulating drugs, in-patient admission, urgent emergency triage, insulin use, and history of SH. External validation in the HKDR cohort yielded AUROC of 0.856 [95% CI 0.838 to 0.873]. Main limitations of this study included limited transportability of the model and lack of geographically independent validation.

Conclusions
Our novel-ML model demonstrated good discrimination and high precision in predicting one-year risk of SH requiring hospitalization. This may be integrated into EHR decision support systems for preemptive intervention in older adults at highest risk.
Intramuscular injection of mesenchymal stem cells augments basal muscle protein synthesis after bouts of resistance exercise in male mice
Authors: Takegaki Junya , Sase Kohei , Kono Yusuke , Fujita Takuya , Konishi Satoshi , Fujita Satoshi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSkeletal muscle mass is critical for activities of daily living. Resistance training maintains or increases muscle mass, and various strategies maximize the training adaptation. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells with differential potency in skeletal muscle cells and the capacity to secrete growth factors. However, little is known regarding the effect of intramuscular injection of MSCs on basal muscle protein synthesis and catabolic systems after resistance training. Here, we measured changes in basal muscle protein synthesis, the ubiquitin‐proteasome system, and autophagy‐lysosome system‐related factors after bouts of resistance exercise by intramuscular injection of MSCs. Mice performed three bouts of resistance exercise (each consisting of 50 maximal isometric contractions elicited by electrical stimulation) on the right gastrocnemius muscle every 48 h, and immediately after the first bout, mice were intramuscularly injected with either MSCs (2.0 × 106 cells) labeled with green fluorescence protein (GFP) or vehicle only placebo. Seventy‐two hours after the third exercise bout, GFP was detected only in the muscle injected with MSCs with concomitant elevation of muscle protein synthesis. The injection of MSCs also increased protein ubiquitination. These results suggest that the intramuscular injection of MSCs augmented muscle protein turnover at the basal state after consecutive resistance exercise.
Physiological impacts of atmospheric pollution: Effects of environmental air pollution on exercise
Authors: Koehle Michael Stephen 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this review, we discuss some of the recent advances in our understanding of the physiology of the air pollution and exercise. The key areas covered include the effect of exercise intensity, the effects of pre‐exposure to air pollution, acclimation to air pollution, and the utility of masks during exercise. Although higher intensity exercise leads to an increase in the inhaled dose of pollutants for a given distance traveled, the acute effects of (diesel exhaust) air pollution do not appear to be more pronounced. Second, exposure to air pollution outside of exercise bouts seems to have an effect on exercise response, although little research has examined this relationship. Third, humans appear to have an ability to acclimate to ground level ozone, but not other pollutants. And finally, masks may have beneficial effects on certain outcomes at low intensity exercise in pollution with significant levels of particles, but more study is required in realistic conditions.
Concentration of blow-up solutions for the Gross-Pitaveskii equation
Authors: Zhu Shihui 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We consider the blow-up solutions for the Gross-Pitaveskii equation modeling the attractive Boes-Einstein condensate. First, a new variational characteristic is established by computing the best constant of a generalized Gagliardo-Nirenberg inequality. Then, a lower bound on blow-up rate and a new concentration phenomenon of blow-up solutions are obtained in the

L

2

{L}^{2}

supercritical case. Finally, in the

L

2

{L}^{2}

critical case, a delicate limit of blow-up solutions is analyzed.
Computing N-dimensional polytrope via power series
Authors: Nouh Mohamed I. , Taha Mahmoud , Ibrahim Ahmed Ahmed , Abdel-Sabour Mohamed 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Polytropic equations (Lane–Emden [LE] equations) are valuable because they offer a simple explanation for a star’s interior structure, interstellar matter, molecular clouds, and even spiral arms that can be calculated and used to estimate various physical parameters. Many analytical and numerical methods are used to solve the polytropic LE equation. The series expansion method played an essential role in many areas of science and has found application in many branches of physical science. This work uses the series expansion method to examine N-dimensional polytropes (i.e., slab, cylinder, and sphere). To solve LE-type equations, a computational method based on accelerated series expansion (ASE) is applied. We calculate several models for the N-dimensional polytropes. The numerical results show good agreement between the ASE and numerical and analytical models of the N-dimensional polytropes.
Thermoplastic-polymer matrix composite of banana/betel nut husk fiber reinforcement: Physico-mechanical properties evaluation
Authors: Mollah Mohammad Zahirul Islam , Miah Md. Sumon , Akram Md. Washim , Mahmud Sayed Hasan , Faruque Mohammad Rashed Iqbal , Al-mugren Kholoud Saad 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Reinforced composite made of polypropylene combining banana and betel nut husk fiber (BBF) was treated with 10% NaOH (w/w). The fiber percentages of 40%, 50%, and 60% were used using the compression molding process. Properties such as tensile, bending, impact, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and water absorption were assessed as composite reinforcements. The composites with 50% BBF reinforcement performed better than composites with different fiber compositions. While 40% BBF-reinforced showed superior results in tensile, bending, and water absorption tests, the impact and TGA analyses provided comparatively lower results. The tensile strength (36 MPa), bending strength (78 MPa), energy absorption (2.4 Nm), thermal resistance (300–583°), and the maximum level of characteristics were attained. This work demonstrated the feasibility of repurposing waste banana stems and betel nut husks for interior decoration, furniture, and automobile bodies in fiber-reinforced hybrid composites, replacing expensive and environmentally hazardous artificial materials due to their mechanical capabilities.