bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The “bigger deal” is OpenURL
Authors: Jackson Mary E. 
Published: April 2007

PurposeTo provide a regular update on matters of interest to the interlending and document supply (ILDS) community.Design/methodology/approachInformal.FindingsThat there is a varied response to the impact of big deals on document supply.Originality/valueInsights from senior practitioners in the USA and comment by a prominent player in the area.
Putting the human touch into knowledge management
Authors: Thornton Steve , McCracken Chrissie 
Published: April 2007

PurposeThe paper aims to describe the development of a practical approach to the provision of knowledge facilitation in a major research organisation.Design/methodology/approachThe paper examines the UK's Defence Science and Technology Laboratory and its Knowledge Services Department's approach to knowledge facilitation.FindingsThe ready availability of information/subject experts in the organisation encourages effective information gathering and use, together with the informal creation of knowledge networks running in parallel with the formal ones within the organisation.Practical implicationsDefines pragmatic and effective services, philosophy and tools introduced to improve the effective use and reuse of information and corporate knowledge. In addition there is a steady move from the provision of standard services to an information consultancy environment.Originality/valueRedefines the role of library and information services to meet twenty‐first century needs.
A dividend function for Greek manufacturing
Authors: Anastassiou Thomas A. 
Published: April 2007

PurposeIn this article an attempt is made to measure the amount of dividends allocated each year to shareholders in the large scale Greek manufacturing (establishments employing more than ten people).Design/methodology/approachThe construction of a dividend function is made and the factors affecting dividend distribution in Greece are discussed.FindingsWhile the original model provides for the effect of dividend taxation parameters – in addition to income considerations – in payout decisions, it is finally proved that a company's income is the sole main determinant of dividend distribution in Greek manufacturing.Originality/valueThe equilibrium income elasticity is found very close to one which indicates that dividends in Greece are proportional to profits.
Comparison of multi‐objective optimisation approaches for inverse magnetostatic problems
Authors: Carcangiu S. , Di Barba P. , Fanni A. , Mognaschi M.E. , Montisci A. 
Published: April 2007

PurposeThe aim of the paper is to compare two different approaches to multi‐objective optimisation in magnetostatics; in this way, the case study is investigated as a possible benchmark.Design/methodology/approachA Tabu search method modified withε‐constraint algorithm is compared with a multi‐objective multi‐individual evolution strategy. The case study is the automated shape design of a magnetic pole. In order to reduce the computational cost of solving the direct problem, which requires repeated analyses of the magnetic field, a neural network has been used to approximate the objective functions that depend on the design variables.FindingsAn approximation of the Pareto front for each method is obtained. A twofold comparison between the two methods is made, based on both the result accuracy and the computational cost.Originality/valueTwo different methods were already tested on a case study proposed as a benchmark for multi‐objective optimization in magnetostatics. The paper represents a contribution to bridge the gap between analytical and numerical benchmarks in electromagnetism.
Efficient modeling approach for optimization of a system based on passive diamagnetic levitation as a platform for bio‐medical applications
Authors: Chetouani H. , Delinchant B. , Reyne G. 
Published: April 2007

PurposeThis paper aims to present a modeling approach of diamagnetic microsystems for design and optimization requirements. It is demonstrated on the stabilisation optimization of a diamagnetic levitation system for biomedical applications.Design/methodology/approachSurface approach was used to compute analytically the magnetic field induction. This modeling is depending on system to design (approximation, equation simplifications due to specific geometries) coupled with a design framework which is based on symbolic equation derivation and SQP constrained optimization algorithm.FindingsOptimally stabilized magnetic levitating systems, for a pyrolitic graphite micro plate and for a latex bead.Research limitations/implicationsThe analytical or semi‐analytical modeling of magnetic field induction and forces produced by complex geometries is sometimes either hard to establish or not adequate to perform a fast optimization, due to heavy numerical parts implemented into the device modeling.Practical implicationsImplications are of two kinds. First are results of the magnetic levitating system which can improve lab on a chip for biomedical applications. Second is design framework improvement with diamagnetic modeling capabilities.Originality/valueStability optimization of diamagnetic levitation system, based on an original approach of modeling and sizing with dedicated tools.
Identification of equivalent dynamic model parameters in eddy current problems
Authors: Brykalski Andrzej , Rogala Tomasz 
Published: April 2007

PurposeThe goal of the paper is to introduce a new method of obtaining equivalent dynamic model of electromagnetic field quantities. Proposed algorithm allows approximation of the frequency and step response by a simple inertial element model, with adjustable rank and delay. The values of the model parameters may be also used to describe the dynamics of considered system.Design/methodology/approachThe dynamics of interesting field quantity in certain space location may be represented by an equivalent model of inertial element. Parameters of the model are identified using the solution of the problem in quasi‐stationary conditions for very limited number of excitation frequencies. These solutions are further used to build a matching approximation of real frequency response function (FRF).FindingsThe proposed method allows fast approximation of transient states of linear vector field. It may be useful with fast and relatively precise estimation of dynamic parameters of the electromagnetic field, e.g. in screening and eddy current problems.Research limitations/implicationsThe main limitation of the method is the assumption of linearity of the problem. However, many practical tasks similar to the examples presented in the paper can be considered highly linear.Practical implicationsThe main advantage of the method is that it allows fast estimation of the field dynamics without either solving the problem for whole range of frequencies or computing the transient state in time domain. It does not need the access to the original mass and stiffness matrices. Therefore, it may be used with commercial FEM software, which usually restricts access to its internal data.Originality/valueThe method is based on well known concept of moments, but the use of existing stationary FEM solutions for approximating transient states is a novel approach. Proposed procedure may be easily automated for the simulation environments with scripting capabilities.
Systems science, information systems theory, and informational macrodynamics: review
Authors: Lerner Vladimir S. 
Published: April 2007

PurposeScience of systems requires a specific and constructive mathematical model and language, which describe jointly such systemic categories as adaptation, self‐organization, complexity, evolution, and bring the applied tools for building a system model for each specific object of a diverse nature. This formalism should be connected directly with a world of information and computer applications of systemic model, developed for a particular object. The considered information systems theory (IST) is aimed at building a bridge between the mathematical systemic formalism and information technologies to develop a constructive systemic model of revealing information regularities and specific information code for each object.Design/methodology/approachTo fulfill this goal and the considered systems' definition, the IST joins two main concepts: unified information description of interacted flows, initiated by the sources of different nature, with common information language and systems modeling methodology, applied to distinct interdisciplinary objects; general system's information formalism for building the model, which allows expressing mathematically the system's regularities and main systemic mechanisms.FindingsThe formalism of informational macrodynamics (IMD), based of the minimax variational principle, reveals the system model's main layers: microlevel stochastics, macrolevel dynamics, hierarchical dynamic network (IN) of information structures, its minimal logic, and optimal code of communication language, generated by the IN hierarchy, dynamics, and geometry. The system's complex dynamics originate information geometry and evolution with the functional information mechanisms of ordering, cooperation, mutation, stability, diversity, adaptation, self‐organization, and the double helix's genetic code.Practical implicationsThe developed IMD's theoretical computer‐based methodology and the software has been applied to such areas as technology, communications, computer science, intelligent processes, biology, economy, management, and other nonphysical and physical subjects.Originality/valueThe IMD's macrodynamics of uncertainties connect randomness and regularities, stochastic and determinism, reversibility and irreversibility, symmetry and asymmetry, stability and instability, structurization and stochastization, order and disorder, as a result of micro‐macrolevel's interactions for an open system, when the external environment can change the model's structure.
A systems study of lotus's leaf area
Authors: Barufaldi M. , Villacampa Y. , Sastre‐Vázquez P. , Verdú F. 
Published: April 2007

PurposeA systematic study of a lotus's leaf area is described through the genetic improvement of Lotus glaber, an induced tetraploid population known as, Leonel, was obtained. Initial assessment showed an increase in dry material in comparison with a diploid population. The aim was to evaluate whether the increased production of forage found in the tetraploid population Leonel was due to increased foliolae sizes.Design/methodology/approachThree populations were studied L. glaber: diploid cytotype: seeds from a naturalised population of La Pampa Deprimida (Azul, Argentina); Tetraploid cytotype C1 seeds from the Leonel population, and Lotus corniculatus (Italia) seeds from Italy. Analysis of variance was carried out with a random design using a single factor, for the variables of area, length and width of the central foliolae. Linear and non‐linear model families were determined to estimate the area of the central foliolae. The selection criteria applied were: the best R2, good efficiency, the greatest simplicity of the model and its stability.FindingsThe widths of the L. glaber diploid foliolae were less than those of L. corniculatus tetraploide and these were longer. The areas of the L. glaber foliolae were greater than those of the tetraploid L. corniculatus, and the areas of the foliolae of the diploid cytotype were slightly superior to the induced tetraploid cytotype L. Leoner. The best model was that which estimated the area of the central foliolae according to their width.Practical implicationsNon‐destructive estimates of foliar area were obtained for different species of the Lotus genus. The methodology chose provides a useful example of a systemic approach.Originality/valueThe variables studied are significant morphophysiological characteristics that can be used in programmes for the genetic improvement of L. glaber and L. corniculatus.
On some fuzzy maps
Authors: Gallego Lupiáñez Francisco 
Published: April 2007

PurposeTo define some new kinds of fuzzy maps related with c‐zero dimensionality fuzzy, and various notions of fuzzy connectedness (due to Fatteh and Bassan, and Ajmal and Kohli, respectively), and obtain several properties about them.Design/methodology/approachThe paper shows several properties of some new fuzzy maps.FindingsThe paper shows new results on fuzzy maps and various notios of fuzzy connectedness.Research limitations/implicationsClearly, this paper is devoted to fuzzy topological spaces.Practical implicationsThe main applications are in the mathematical field.Originality/valueThe paper shows original results on fuzzy topology.
Next generation grids for science and industry
Authors: Rudall Brian H. , Mann C.J.H. 
Published: April 2007

PurposeThis paper aims to review current progress towards the development of the next generation grids for science and industry with particular reference to European endeavours. Reviews of projects and initiatives in biocybernetics, biometrics and innovative research and development are given.Design/methodology/approachA general review and survey of selected research and development topics.FindingsIllustrates the multi‐ and trans‐disciplinary natures of studies in cybernetics, systems, and management science with a view to further research and development activity.Practical implicationsThe choice of reviews provides awareness of the current trends in these areas.Originality/valueThe reviews are selected from a global database and give a studied assessment of current research and development.
Customer retention is not enough
Authors: Coyles Stephanie , Gokey Timothy C. 
Published: April 2007

PurposeEvery company knows that it costs far less to hold on to a customer than to acquire a new one. That is why customer retention has become the Holy Grail in industries from airlines to wireless. Yet defecting customers are far less of a problem than customers who change their buying patterns. Today's typical metrics of customer satisfaction and defection do not tell a company how susceptible its customers are to changing their spending patterns. This article seeks to investigate this problem.Design/methodology/approachThe investigation was carried out through a two‐year study of the attitudes of 1,200 households toward companies in 16 industries.FindingsMcKinsey found that focusing on smaller changes in customer spending can have as much as ten times more value than concentrating on defections alone.Originality/valueThis is important for those companies that wish to retain their customers.
The cultural context of emergencies
Authors: Rozakis Manolis 
Published: April 2007

PurposeThis paper seeks to examine the level of co‐operation among organisations with different backgrounds, professional and regulatory relations and self‐perceptions for the purpose of efficiently managing a disaster.Design/methodology/approachThe theoretical concept of this paper is presented within the organisational framework of risk perception and culture, and the interrelation among the involved parties. It will be enriched with cultural theory and the social construction of risk perception, along with the classification of organisations, according to their tasks and structure, proposed by the Disaster Research Center (DRC). In addition, issues on blame, secrecy, decision making and authority, communication, and training involved in the respective cultural context, are examined as the main causes that may prevent a(n) holistic approach to emergency management. On the other hand, the practical element of this study involves a case study analysis of the King's Cross Underground fire, in 1987. The outcome of operations and the 31 casualties reveal the cultural diversity among the involved agents in the managing of the respective disaster. The issue on “symbolic interaction” among agents may determine the institutional position of society during a disaster.FindingsThis paper stresses the potential for isomorphic learning as the most significant issue on the cultural context of organisations, during emergency operations.Practical implicationsIn this sense, future practice should embrace the concept of isomorphic learning, within the cultural context of organisations; additional efforts should focus on the mutual exchange of information, resources and personnel among organisations, prior to a disaster.Originality/valueFinally, this paper offers insight to organizations, in order to reduce the impact of cultural differences among them and enhance the issue of co‐ordination, during emergencies; it may serve the purpose of reducing human casualties, by supporting a(n) holistic approach on disaster management.
Simulation, design, development and test of antennas for wireless sensor network systems
Authors: O'Flynn Brendan , Laffey D. , Buckley J. , Barton J. , O'Mathuna S.C. 
Published: April 2007

PurposeThis paper aims to describe the simulation, design, development and characterisation of antennas for wireless sensor networks operating in a variety of environments, including an under water submarine application and more usual “open air” deployments.Design/methodology/approachThe experimental test methodology, fixtures, conditions and results used to characterize the performance of these antennas (both state of the art commercially available and those developed in‐house) are presented.FindingsThe underwater test results show a near omni‐directional pattern about the three principal axes, thus showing that a spherical field has been achieved for localisation purposes (with a certain loss of resolution).Originality/valueThe paper focuses on the development of a new antenna scheme to enable under water communications between robotic agents.
Modeling and analysis of the growth of copper dendrites in saturated conditions using a multilevel factorial design analysis
Authors: Lawson Wayne , Pilkington R.D. , Hill A.E. 
Published: April 2007

PurposeTracks, pads and vias on printed circuit boards can suffer from a variety of problems, if the surfaces are contaminated with electrically‐conducting substances. Aims to model a multilevel full‐factorial design to study the effects of temperature, voltage and electrode gap on dendritic growth under saturated conditions, i.e. water droplet contamination.Design/methodology/approachPreparation of several DC‐biased combed‐copper interdigitated capacitors placed in temperature‐controlled water‐filled cuvettes enabled the specific monitoring of dendrite activity. The monitoring used the detection of sharp current increase that accompany a dendritic short circuit condition.FindingsA high R2 polynomial model was produced and it was noted that increased voltages reduce the reliability impact of dendritic growth.Originality/valueThe paper focuses on the reliability impact dendritic growth in saturated conditions.
A useful pseudo‐logarithmic circuit
Authors: Maundy Brent , Westwick David , Gift Stephan 
Published: April 2007

PurposeThis paper proposes a useful pseudo‐logarithmic circuit as a basic building block in the construction of a logarithmic amplifier made from piecewise approximations.Design/methodology/approachThe circuit employs two operational and a handful of resistors, and mimics the logarithmic function over a predefined range. Control of the pseudo‐logarithmic function is achieved by a ratio of resistances defined as x, one of which may be digitally switched, or implemented by tunable transconductors. When controlled by digitally switched resistors, the circuit is particularly attractive because of the commercial availability of such resistors, and with the aid of simple control logic, individual blocks can be algebraically summed to extend the dynamic range of the basic pseudo‐logarithmic block which is 28 dBFindingsExperimental results using off the shelf operational amplifiers (opamps) and a handful of resistors show that the circuit yields a maximum log error of 0.6915 dB for x in (0.22, 4.65).Originality/valueProposes a novel circuit capable of realizing the pseudo‐logarithmic function (x−1)/(1+x). The circuit is simple and easily implemented using readily available opamps.
Slow learning: getting away from the quick fix
Authors: Gimson Anne 
Published: April 2007

PurposeThe paper shows the need to get beyond short‐term thinking in approaching learning and development issues.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is based on experience in learning processes in organizations.FindingsLearning and development cannot be just based on bite‐sized training and other short‐term processes.Practical implicationsOrganizations need to consider the implications of their choices for learning interventions.Originality/valueThe paper challenges much thinking in organizations and exposes the weaknesses of much training activity.
Regulation of market misconduct in the United Kingdom
Authors: Falkner Robert , Gerty Jon 
Published: April 2007

PurposeTo introduce and summarize the key features of market‐misconduct‐related offenses in the UK with a particular focus on insider dealing.Design/methodology/approachProvides a detailed overview of: the market abuse regime of the UK's financial regulator, the Financial Services Authority (FSA),which implements the EC Market Abuse Directive; other regulatory powers used by the FSA in cases of market misconduct; and relevant criminal law offenses.FindingsThe FSA is given a broad range of powers that enable it to bring criminal or regulatory proceedings in the UK for market misconduct. The FSA's powers have thus far been used primarily within the regulatory framework, but the FSA has said that it will be prepared to pursue certain cases through the criminal courts where behavior justifies criminal rather than regulatory action. Although the two regimes are similar, there are some differences and both regimes must therefore be considered when analyzing compliance requirements or whether market misconduct has occurred.Originality/valueThis paper is an important reference for publicly traded issuers, those who recommend investments or investment strategies, and their advisors where any investment activity is carried on with the UK or involves UK markets.
Adviser recordkeeping requirements
Authors: McGuire W. John 
Published: April 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to summarize record‐keeping requirements for Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)‐registered advisers of private investment companies, especially hedge funds.Design/methodology/approachSummarizes the important record‐keeping provisions of Rule 204‐2 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (the Advisers Act) in categories including accounting records; records of orders to purchase and sell securities; written communications; documents supporting performance information; lists of discretionary accounts; powers of attorney; written contracts; codes of ethics; personal securities transactions; disclosure documents; client solicitation agreements; written policies and procedures; records for advisers with custody; investment supervisory or management services; proxy voting records; coded designation for certain clients; the time, place, and manner for retention of records; records for advisers exiting the business; duplicate records; records for nonresident advisers; records for advisers previously registered with a state; and hedge fund records.FindingsPursuant to new Rule 203(b)(3)‐2 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (“Advisers Act”), most advisers of private investment companies, especially hedge funds, will be required to register with the SEC as investment advisers. Registered investment advisers must comply with the rules and regulations of the Advisers Act, including the recordkeeping requirements of Rule 204‐2 under the Advisers Act. Although the subject of recordkeeping is perhaps unexciting, recordkeeping is a key area of regulatory focus for the SEC and its examiners, particularly as they seek to gauge the adequacy of adviser compliance and internal controls.Originality/valueA useful summary of record‐keeping requirements for hedge funds and other private investment companies.