bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surgical management of ménière's disease with the endolymphatic subarachnoid shunt: A five‐year study
Authors: Glasscock Michael E. , Miller Gale W. , Drake Fred D. , Kanok Montra M. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe majority of individuals with Ménière's Disease can be successfully managed by medical means; however, there are some patients who become refractory to this form of therapy. It is this group of patients who are candidates f or some type of surgical procedure. This paper reviews 109 patients who underwent 112 endolymphatic subarachnoid shunt procedures for the control of their Ménière's Disease. Medical therapy, indications for surgery, surgical technique, results, and complications are covered in detail.
The operation and death of henry schliemann
Authors: Mcgovern Francis H. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractHenry Schliemann's reputation as an archeologist, a linguist, a financial genius and a scholar, is seldom recognized by Americans. His discovery of the ruins of Troy changed Homeric myths and legends into history and made him the founder of Aegean archeology.Recent popular books on Schliemann sketchily describe his otologic problems which eventually led to his death of an otogenic brain abscess.From a number of bibliographic sources, the details of Schliemann's ear history and the final months of his illness are recounted. The important information of Schliemann's ear operation by the famous Professor Swartze is presented.
Posterior table fractures of the frontal sinus: Ii. Clinical aspects
Authors: Hybels Roger L. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe evaluation of fractures involving the frontal sinus is important since significant complications can occur acutely or many years following injury. Thorough roentgenographic analysis, with special emphasis on the status of the nasofrontal duct, is required. The extent of soft tissue injury cannot be used as a guide. Furthermore, the proper treatment of fractures involving the posterior table has been controversial. In general, all fractures of the posterior table should be explored. Complete neurological evaluation is necessary and an observation period of approximately 48 hours is recommended prior to surgery. A coronal incision is suggested since a craniotomy can be performed with the exposure obtained. In selected patients, conservative treatment may be warranted but close follow‐up with serial X‐rays is necessary.Primary adipose obliteration of the injured sinus is recommended as treatment since complications are eliminated by a single operation which is cosmetically acceptable. This is supported by existing clinical series and experimental evidence. Adipose tissue possesses certain advantages which make it the tissue of choice for obliteration. Infection involving the implanted fat does not appear to be a significant problem. Bony fragments of the posterior table may safely be left in place. Dural lacerations occurring immediately behind the posterior table can be managed through the sinus without the necessity of craniotomy.
Temporal bone histopathology of paget's disease with sensorineural hearing loss and narrowing of the internal auditory canal
Authors: Applebaum Edward L. , Clemis Jack D. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA temporal bone report is presented of a patient with progressive sen‐sorineural hearing loss and advanced Paget's disease involving the skull. The histopathology reveals Pagetic bone invading the internal auditory canal and compressing the cochlear division of the VHIth cranial nerve resulting in severe neural degeneration. There are no other histopathologic abnormalities present in the cochlea to explain the hearing loss. A low‐frequency conductive hearing loss was also present, but no histopathologic correlate could be identified.
Eosinophilic granuloma in the head and neck: A five year review with report of an instructive case.
Authors: Cinberg James Z. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractHead and neck symptoms occurred in 87% of patients (14 of 16) with eosinophilic granuloma seen in a 5 year period. Two patients with head and neck disease died (14% mortality). Both had concomitant pituitary disease. The underlying pathology was discovered in each instance only after a year of extensive diagnostic effort.The specific problems in diagnosis and treatment are apparent in the case report of an initially misdiagnosed patient.The following recommendations are suggested to optimize the care of such patients. Eosinophilic granuloma must be suspected in a variety of clinical settings. Radiography is the only helpful noninvasive study and definitive diagnosis depends on microscopic tissue examination. Patients with symptoms of pituitary disease pose a frustrating diagnostic problem because of the inaccessibility of the location for pathologic study. In contrast, the head and neck, ear, nose and throat are easily biopsied and comprise the region most frequent'y involved. A careful examination of this area is mandatory in all patients with symptoms consistent with eosinophilic granuloma intracranially or elsewhere if the disease is to be diagnosed and treated without delay.
Endoscopic examination of corrosive injuries of the upper gastrointestinal tract.
Authors: Welsh John J. , Welsh Louis W. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe authors present the case histories of five patients who have sustained corrosive injuries of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Flexible endoscopic examination was successfully carried out in each patient to assess the extent of the injury and anticipate further therapeutic needs. Three patients sustained major gastric lesions, i.e., strictures or bleeding following the ingestion of alkali, acids, or phenol, and one instance of esophageal stricture was recognized. The endoscopic observation of antral gangrene was inexorably followed by antral stricture requiring surgical management. One fatality followed rigid esophagoscopic examination which resulted in esophageal perforation.
Fibro‐optic study of pharyngeal airway during sleep in patients with hypersomnia obstructive sleep‐apnea syndrome.
Authors: Borowiecki Bernard , Pollak Charles P. , Weitzman Elliot D. , Rakoff Saul , Imperato Joseph 
Published: October 2006

AbstractPharyngeal airway during sleep was observed with help of Fibro‐optic flexible bronchoscope and cineradiography in 10 adult patients with Hypersomnia Sleep‐Apnea (HSA) syndrome.The results of the study suggest that the structures involved in production of airway obstruction in the patients with HSA syndrome are the muscles of velopharyngeal sphincter and tongue. The laryngeal airway was not obstructed during the episodes of apnea.
A case against nasal packing.
Authors: Stucker F. J. , Ansel D. G. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractNasal packing is included in most technical descriptions of septal and rhinoplasty surgery with little accompanying discussion of its indications and possible pitfalls.We believe that routine nasal packing is not an innocuous step. There are certain specific indications for its use but these are uncommon. We suggest that exclusion of packing is a wiser alternative in routine procedures.Over 800 cases of nasal surgery have been reviewed with fewer than 9% requiring packing. The indications for such packing are described as are the alternatives. Problems and complications attendant with its routine use are explored.
Tympanoplasty using homograft tympanic membranes and ossicles
Authors: Campbell Emmett E. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe use of homograft materials in reconstructive, mastoid, and middle ear surgery is increasing. Not only are they useful and practical, but they also do the job well in both anatomical and functional restoration. Many encouraging reports have been written to support their use. Their advantages, in the opinion of the author, outweigh their cost since they can offer a more efficient, versatile, and better method of restoration of hearing in tympanoplasty surgery.
Otospongiosis (otosclerosis): Polytomographic and histologic correlation
Authors: Applebaum Edward L. , Shambaugh George E. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe Temporal Bone Laboratory of Northwestern University Medical School has three sets of temporal bones from patients who had antemortem polytomographic examinations resulting in a diagnosis of otospongiotic involvement of the cochlea. One of these cases was thought to have been an example of pure cochlear otospongiosis. The other two cases were patients with clinical (stapedial) otospongiosis, and their polytomograms were interpreted as unilateral otospongiosis with involvement of the basal turn of the cochlea.In the first set of temporal bones, no otospongiosis was present. In the other two sets, the otospongiotic lesion did not involve the cochlea, and a contralateral otospongiotic lesion was present that had not been seen on the polytomograms.Caution must be exercised in the interpretation of subtle polytomographic changes noted in the cochlear capsule and restraint used in the X‐ray diagnosis of pure cochlear otospongiosis until there is evidence of correlation with pathological material.
Angiography in the diagnosis and management of extracranial vascular lesions of the head and neck
Authors: Overholt Steven L. , Gado Mokhtar , Sessions Donald G. , Ogura Joseph H. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe angiographic features of various lesions of the head and neck are presented. Angiographically, cavernous hemangiomas display large venous lakes with calcified phleboliths. Arteriovenous malformations reveal massive tumor stain with well delineated feeding vessels from multiple systems. Chemodectomas and juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibromas are clearly vascular with homogenous tumor staining in the capillary phase. Angiography of cavernous hemangioma, AVM, chemodectoma, and angiofibroma is diagnostic and may preclude the need for tissue biopsy.Angiographically neurilemmomas are less vascular with non‐homogenous tumor stain. Carcinomas are typically avascular.The use and benefits of arterial embolization in the management of these lesions is presented.
The use of cyanoacrylate in transsphenoidal hypophysectomy
Authors: Young William C. , Gates George A. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractIn an attempt to find a better technique for immediate control of CSF rhinorrhea following transsphenoidal hypophysectomy, a tissue adhesive, ethyl 2‐cyanoacrylate, has been used in 28 consecutive operations. The physical properties of the adhesive, its theoretical advantages, and our results are discussed.
Procedures for preparation of otological and audiological data for computer analysis
Authors: White Thomas P. , Uhler Lloyd M. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractExtensive amounts of clinical data exist in the files of facilities providing otological and audiological services. Because of the considerable time involved in manual analysis, some departments are beginning to consider the use of computers for analyzing the data. It is often assumed that this data can simply be submitted to a computer center for analysis. This, however, is not the case. A careful series of planned procedures must be undertaken before information can be submitted and analyzed. This paper illustrates the procedural steps necessary to permit the utilization of a computer system for analysis of clinical data. The feasibility of the use of these procedures in the examination of otological and audiological data is considered.
Recurrence as a mode of determining efficacy in treatment of carcinoma of the larynx
Authors: Graeber Geoffrey M. , Oates Richard P. , Reed George F. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA study population of 374 patients with cancer of the larynx was evaluated, treated, and followed at yearly intervals up to a maximum of 18 years post‐diagnosis. Of these, 348 received definitive therapy to attempt to eradicate their disease and were followed for recurrence and presence of cancer at death. In Stages I, II, and III recurrence of disease appears to be a very good indicator of therapeutic efficacy. Stage I carcinomas of the larynx should be treated with radiation as the proportions of patients with recurrences were the same for both primary surgical or radiation therapy. In Stages II and III, primary surgical therapy significantly lowered the proportion recurring when compared with primary radiation therapy. In Stage IV carcinomas of the larynx, both survival and recurrence accurately reflect therapeutic efficacy since most patients suffer recurrence of their carcinoma and die of the disease.
The relationship between adience‐abience scale scores and judged communication proficiency of alaryngeal speakers
Authors: Goldstein Lewis P. , Salmon Shirley J. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractFifteen esophageal speakers and 15 artificial larynx speakers were administered the Hutt Adaptation of the Bender‐Gestalt Test (HABGT): Adience‐Abience Scale. Adience was defined as the individual's tendency to be motivated to adapt to new experiences that effect his physical functioning. Conversely, abience was defined as the individual's tendency to avoid or be inhibited from adapting to new experiences that effect his physical functioning. Audio‐tape recordings were made of each speaker and used to determine verbal communication proficiency by six speech pathologists. Results indicated that the HABGT: Adience‐Abience Scale was able to differentiate between the two groups of alaryngeal speakers, as well as relate to their verbal communication proficiency.
Symposium: Value and cost analysis of recent ear tests. Considerations in clinical application of electrocochleography in 1978
Authors: Nadol Joseph B. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe role of elecrococholeography as a practical clinical tool in the evaluation of otologica disorders is discussed with examples drawn from the author's experience. The current use of electrococheography may be divided into three categories: 1. It may be used to assess periperal auditory functionin children of patients with neurologic or psuchiatric disorders that perclude valid behavioural audiometry. 2 It may be used jto determine the sites such as miniere's in which realiable behabvioural audiometry is usually possible. In the first two categories, electrocochleography provides important clinical information of high validity with klow risk so that objective therapeutic dicisions can be made concerning amplificatino and habilitation of a hearing handicapped patient. In some cases this information may not be achieve in any other way. For the third category, howeverj, although interesting and potentially usefully be made without electococheleographic data.As More patient with these disorders are studied with electrocolcheography on a research basis, it is possibel that the pathophysilogy of some of the more vaxing otologic disorders will become clearer. Perhaps in the future the need for differentela diagnostic information will justify the routine clinical applicatio of electrococheography in some of these disorders.
Symposium: Otologic surgery reassessment after 25 years. Management of the totally disabled middle ear
Authors: Mcgee T. Manford 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA short review of past techniques and materials used in treating the totally disabled middle ear is presented. Basic principles to be observed in management of this problem are discussed and the method of middle ear rehabilitation using the double layer Silastic technique is introduced. Cases (231) are reviewed with comments on the functional results achieved. It is concluded that a reliable total ossicular replacement prosthesis has yet to be produced.
Protocol for determining the auditory percepts of electrical stimulation of the cochlea
Authors: Michelson Robin P. , Schubert Earl , Walsh Sheila , White Mark 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe percepts of electrical stimulation of the auditory nerve can best be determined in man. An eight channel bipolar electrode array has been developed which allows discreet stimulation of segments of auditory nerve via the scala tympani. In addition, a programmable stimulator has been developed which allows the delivery of different waveforms and stimulus patterns. Hopefully this will begin to allow the generation of the elements of speech.
Otitis media and the immotile cilia syndrome
Authors: Jahrsdoerfer Robert , Feldman Phillip S. , Rubel Edwin W. , Guerrant John L. , Eggleston Peyton A. , Selden Robert F. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe immotile cilia syndrome appears to be a congenital defect in the ultrastructure of cilia that renders them incapable of movement. Respiratory tract cilia and sperm are predominantly affected. Bronchiectasis, sinusitis and male sterility are the main clinical findings. Situs inversus may be found. To these findings can be added otitis media.The defect appears to be a complete or partial absence of dynein arms which are believed to be essential for generating movement of cilia or sperm tails. Six patients suspected of having immotile cilia were compared to six patients in a control group. In affected patients, no cilia movement in the middle ear or nasopharynx was observed using the operating microscope. Electron microscopy of cilia from the mucosa of the middle ear and nasopharynx appeared to confirm the ultrastructural defect in two of six patients suspected of having the syndrome.
Computed tomography of the larynx
Authors: Bergman Alan B. , Neiman Harvey L. , Warpeha Raymond L. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe normal computed tomographic anatomy of the larynx and surrounding structures is illustrated and discussed. An attempt is made to distinguish various types of tissues in cross‐sectional display. The advantages of computed tomography over other modalities used for imaging the laryngeal region include the capacity to depict structural relationships in cross‐section, to better define cartilaginous involvement by adjacent neoplasms, and to identify vascular components with contrast enhancement. The clinical application of computed tomography with respect to radiation therapy treatment planning of laryngeal tumors is an important feature of this imaging technique.
Evaluation of otic drops on infection and healing of traumatic tympanic membrane perforations
Authors: Fry Terry L. , Chen Benjamin , Fischer Newton D. , Pharr Scott Y. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractGuinea pigs were used to compare the efficacy of three commercially available otic preparations in treating traumatic tympanic membrane perforations. The results suggest that a clear, viscous solution of low pH will significantly reduce the incidence of infection and will not retard subsequent membrane healing.
Technique of preserving the spinal accessory nerve during radical neck dissection
Authors: Becker Gary D. , Parell G. Joseph 
Published: October 2006

AbstractPreserving the spinal accessory nerve during radical neck dissection eliminates shoulder disability and does not compromise the incidence of neck recurrence in properly selected cases. The literature and standard textbooks only superficially refer to the method of dissecting this nerve. We describe our technique of preserving the spinal accessory nerve during radical neck dissection.
Nasal tuberculosis: A forgotten entity
Authors: Waldman Steven R. , Levine Howard L. , Sebek Bruce A. , Parker Willard , Tucker Harvey M. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractTuberculosis of the nose has become so infrequent that it is virtually a forgotten disease entity among younger practitioners in this country. Nevertheless, it can occur in all segments of our population and may present a confusing diagnostic problem. Two cases of primary nasal tuberculosis have been diagnosed and treated at The Cleveland Clinic Foundation since 1975. The differential diagnosis of nasal granulomatous disease usually includes Wegener's granulomatosis, midline malignant reticulosis, and sarcoidosis. We point out the necessity of including tuberculosis in this differential diagnosis. The definitive work‐up and treatment are also discussed.
Cutaneous aids in the diagnosis of oral ulcers
Authors: Armstrong Robert B. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA variety of diseases of diverse etiology may produce oral pathology in a spectrum ranging from blisters through erosion to frank ulcers. The morphologic similarity of such lesions makes precise diagnosis difficult. Some of these diseases also produce cutaneous lesions which suggest or confirm a specific diagnosis. Selected diseases which produce oral ulcers are reviewed with an emphasis on those in which coexisting cutaneous lesions can significantly aid in diagnosis.
The otolaryngologic presentation of botulism
Authors: Shugar Martin A. , Granich Mark S. , Reardon Edward J. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractBotulism, although an uncommon disease, may nonetheless present to the otolaryngologist. The clinical signs of a severely erythematous, parched tongue, oropharynx, hypopharynx and larynx, especially when associated with bilateral cranial nerve deficits, should arouse suspicion of this disorder. Once the presumptive diagnosis of botulism is made, the otolaryngologist should expeditiously act to ensure appropriate airway control, as respiratory collapse may be imminent.
Clinical and prognostic significance of the T‐B immunological classification of non‐hodgkin's lymphomas
Authors: Ogasawara Hiroshi , Fujitani Tetsuzo , Mizojiri Gentaro , Hattori Hiroshi 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThis study was made to test the clinical significance and the prognostic value of the T‐B immunological classification of non‐Hodgkin's lymphomas.Thirty‐four patients with adult diffuse lymphomas were studied. Nine patients with T‐cell lymphomas and three patients with non‐T and non‐B lymphomas had poor immunity and poor prognosis. Fifteen patients with B‐cell lymphomas have been found to be associated with a prognosis of intermediate range between that of T‐cell lymphomas and undetermined lymphomas. Seven patients with undertermined lymphomas, which were considered to have lost surface markers of B‐cells, had the best prognosis.Thus the T‐B immunological classification of this disorder appears to be essential for clinicians, and provides a basis for proper differentiation of treatment for different groups.
Sphenoethmoid approach to the optic nerve
Authors: Sofferman Robert A. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractFive percent of all head injuries affect some portion of the visual system, and the most common locus of injury is the canalicular segment of the optic nerve. The classic surgical approach to this area is via the transfrontal craniotomy, although the Japanese have utilized an external ethmoidal technique to provide limited extracranial access to the optic canal. Harvey Cushing utilized the transsphenoidal hypophysectomy principally for pituitary tumors causing visual deficits. This paper presents a variation of the transsphenoidal hypophysectomy technique which will allow exposure of the optic nerve from the orbital apex to the optic chiasm through the use of microsurgical instrumentation. A detailed step‐wise description of the surgical methodology is presented, along with drawings to define the approach fully. Four case reports and representative pre and postoperative radiographs illustrate the actual approach in the clinical setting.