bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prescription Drug Dispensing and Patient Costs After Implementation of a No Behavioral Health Cost-Sharing Law
Authors: Golberstein Ezra , Campbell James M. , Maclean Johanna Catherine , Harris Samantha J. , Saloner Brendan , Stein Bradley D. 
Published: March 2024

ImportanceOn January 1, 2022, New Mexico implemented a No Behavioral Cost-Sharing (NCS) law that eliminated cost-sharing for mental health and substance use disorder (MH/SUD) treatments in plans regulated by the state, potentially reducing a barrier to treatment for MH/SUDs among the commercially insured; however, the outcomes of the law are unknown.ObjectiveTo assess the association of implementation of the NCS with out-of-pocket spending for prescription for drugs primarily used to treat MH/SUDs and monthly volume of dispensed drugs.Design, Settings, and ParticipantsThis retrospective cohort study used a difference-in-differences research design to examine trends in outcomes for New Mexico state employees, a population affected by the NCS, compared with federal employees in New Mexico who were unaffected by NCS. Data were collected on prescription drugs for MH/SUDs dispensed per month between January 2021 and June 2022 for New Mexico patients with a New Mexico state employee health plan and New Mexico patients with a federal employee health plan. Data analysis occurred from December 2022 to January 2024.ExposureEnrollment in a state employee health plan or federal health plan.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcomes were mean patient out-of-pocket spending per dispensed MH/SUD prescription and the monthly volume of dispensed MH/SUD prescriptions per 1000 employees. A difference-in-differences estimation approach was used.ResultsThe implementation of the NCS law was associated with a mean (SE) $6.37 ($0.30) reduction (corresponding to an 85.6% decrease) in mean out-of-pocket spending per dispensed MH/SUD medication (95% CI, −$7.00 to −$5.75). The association of implementation of NCS with the volume of prescriptions dispensed was not statistically significant.Conclusions and RelevanceThese findings suggest that the implementation of the New Mexico NCS law was successful in lowering out-of-pocket spending on prescription medications for MH/SUDs, but that there was no association of NCS with the volume of medications dispensed in the first 6 months after implementation. A key challenge is to identify policies that protect from high out-of-pocket spending while also promoting access to needed care.
Development of a Follow-Up Measure to Ensure Complete Screening for Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Ciemins Elizabeth L. , Mohl Jeff T. , Moreno Carlos A. , Colangelo Francis , Smith Robert A. , Barton Mary 
Published: March 2024

ImportanceThe current quality performance measure for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening is limited to initial screening. Despite low rates, there is no measure for appropriate follow-up with colonoscopy after receipt of an abnormal result of a stool-based screening test (SBT) for CRC. A quality performance measure is needed.ObjectiveTo develop and test a quality performance measure for follow-up colonoscopy within 6 months of an abnormal result of an SBT for CRC.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective quality improvement study examined data from January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2020, with 2018 plus 6 months of follow-up as the primary measurement period to verify performance rates, specify a potential measure, and test for validity, reliability, and feasibility. The Optum Labs Data Warehouse (OLDW), a deidentified database of health care claims and clinical data, was accessed. The OLDW contains longitudinal health information on enrollees and patients, representing a diverse mixture of ages and geographic regions across the US. For the database study, adults from 38 health care organizations (HCOs) aged 50 to 75 years who completed an initial CRC SBT with an abnormal result were observed to determine follow-up colonoscopy rates within 6 months. Rates were stratified by race, ethnicity, sex, insurance, and test modality. Three HCOs participated in the feasibility field testing. Data were analyzed from June 1, 2022, to May 31, 2023.Main Outcome and MeasuresThe primary outcome consisted of follow-up colonoscopy rates following an abnormal SBT result for CRC. Reliability statistics were also calculated across HCOs, race, ethnicity, and measurement year.ResultsAmong 20 581 adults (48.6% men and 51.4% women; 307 [1.5%] Asian, 492 [7.2%] Black, 644 [3.1%] Hispanic, and 17 705 [86.0%] White; mean [SD] age, 63.6 [7.1] years) in 38 health systems, 47.9% had a follow-up colonoscopy following an abnormal SBT result for CRC within 6 months. There was significant variation between HCOs. Notably, significantly fewer Black patients (37.1% [95% CI, 34.6%-39.5%]) and patients with Medicare (49.2% [95% CI, 47.7%-50.6%]) or Medicaid (39.2% [95% CI, 36.3%-42.1%]) insurance received a follow-up colonoscopy. A quality performance measure that tracks rates of follow-up within 6 months of an abnormal SBT result was observed to be feasible, valid, and reliable, with a median reliability statistic between HCOs of 94.5% (range, 74.3%-99.7%).Conclusions and RelevanceThe findings of this observational study of 20 581 adults suggest that a measure of follow-up colonoscopy within defined periods after an abnormal result of an SBT test for CRC is warranted based on low current performance rates and would be feasible to collect by health systems and produce valid, reliable results.
Prevalence of MTHFR Polymorphisms in Patients With Hypermobile Ehlers‐Danlos Syndrome and Hypermobile Spectrum Disorders in a US Hypermobility Clinic
Authors: Courseault Jacques , Umar Meenakshi , Bordnick Patrick , Simons Jocelyn , Volic Milla , Stock Allison , Bix Gregory 
Published: March 2024

ObjectiveHypermobile Ehlers‐Danlos syndrome (hEDS) and hypermobility spectrum disorders (HSD) are characterized by joint hypermobility, joint subluxations and dislocations, hyperextensible skin, and chronic and progressive multiorgan comorbidities. Diagnosing hEDS and HSD is difficult because of variable phenotypes and unknown genetic etiology. In our clinic, we observed many patients with hEDS and HSD with a high serum level of unmetabolized folate, which suggests that hypermobility may be linked to methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR)–mediated folate metabolism. The present study aims to examine the prevalence of MTHFR polymorphisms, C677T and A1298C, among patients with hEDS and HSD.MethodsClinical and demographic information of patients visiting our hypermobility clinic from January 2023 to July 2023 were retrospectively reviewed. Continuous variables were reported as mean ± SD and range, whereas categorical variables were reported as total count and percentage.ResultsAmong 157 patients, 93% of patients were female patients, 52.2% were diagnosed with hEDS, and 47.8% were diagnosed with HSD. Interestingly, 85% of the patients had MTHFR C677T and/or A1298C polymorphisms in heterozygous or homozygous state. MTHFR 677CT/TT genotype was present in 52.9% of cases, and 49.7% of patients had 1298AC/CC genotype. In addition,14% of patients with hypermobility exhibited MTHFR 677TT genotype, 10.2% showed 1298CC genotype, and 17.2% displayed combined heterozygosity, collectively representing 41.4% hypermobile patients with two copies of MTHFR variant alleles.ConclusionThere is a high prevalence of MTHFR polymorphisms among patients with hypermobility, which supports the hypothesis that hypermobility may be dependent on folate status.
Multilevel Ferroelectric Domain Wall Memory for Neuromorphic Computing
Authors: Shen Bowen , Sun Haoran , Hu Xianyu , Sun Jie , Jiang Jun , Zhang Zengxing , Jiang Anquan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractLow‐power and parallel processing Neuromorphic computing that imitates on the human brain's extraordinary data processing and learning capabilities is promising in non‐von Neumann application platforms in the post‐Moore era. Ferroelectric domain walls appearing as nanoscale topological defects in solids exhibit coexisting ordering parameters besides the spontaneous polarization, leading to the emergence of rich physics and electronic effects in the development of neuromorphic electronics that go beyond the conventional CMOS. In this study, the four‐state domain wall memory is developed on LiNbO3ferroelectric thin films integrated with Si substrates, where each state can be stably manipulated at a specific low voltage, showcasing outstanding fatigue resistance and retention performance. The constructed crossbar array that functions as a kernel for image convolution can be used to implement processing operations like image filtering, sharpness enhancement, and edge detection. Additional simulation from a convolutional neural network model shows 96.98% accuracy on the Modified National Institute of Standards and Technology handwritten digits dataset. The stable multi‐state domain wall memory provides a new approach for computing and promotes research in domain wall electronics to meet future enormous demands of big data.
Tunable Anti‐Thermal Quenching Luminescence of Eu3+‐Doped Metal‐Organic Framework and Temperature‐Dependent Photonic Coding
Authors: Wei Yang , Liu Zhanning , Sun Chao , Ding Xinru , Wu Shuaihao , Chen Ran , Wang Feng , Wang Hui , Xing Xianran , Huang Ling 
Published: March 2024

AbstractApplications of luminescence at high temperature such as high‐power lighting, lasing, thermophotovoltaics, and photonic coding, are severely prevented due to the notorious thermal quenching (TQ). Although anti‐TQ luminescence (anti‐TQL) is reported using highly oxygen‐coordinated solid‐state oxide as host in virtue of the rigid skeleton that resists lattice vibration at elevated temperatures, it is meaningful to extend anti‐TQL to other hosts. Herein, taking advantage of the ligand‐metal antenna effect and the negative thermal expansion feature of Eu3+ doped MIL‐68‐In (MIL‐68‐In/xEu), adjustable anti‐TQL is realized for the first time, that is, anti‐TQ, zero‐TQ, and TQ at x = 5%, 10%, and 50%, respectively. Therefore, except for added novel mechanisms, this work has also expanded the hosts available for high‐temperature luminescence and enabled advanced photonic coding in terms of facial synthesis, rich information, and visual changes of emission intensity instead of device‐dependent analogous.
Surface Modification of p‐type ZnO Nanorods by Nitrogen Doped SiO2 Dots as an Efficient Solar Photocatalyst for Degradation of Ciprofloxacin in Water
Authors: Cilamkoti Vatsala , Dutta Raj Kumar 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA simple two step hydrothermal method is developed for synthesizing p‐type zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods surface modified with nitrogen doped silicon dioxide dots (ZnO/N‐SiO2). The structure, morphology, and chemical compositions are confirmed by X‐ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and by Mott‐Schottky studies. The N‐SiO2 dots on the surface of p‐type ZnO nanorods are formed during hydrothermal treatment at 90 °C (i.e., at 363 K), named as [ZnO/N‐SiO2]363K. While N‐SiO2 dots are embedded in the ZnO nanorods of the batch synthesized at 453 K. The band gap of the batches of ZnO/N‐SiO2 are wider (3.24–3.30 eV) than the pristine ZnO (3.16 eV). The modification of ZnO nanorods by the N‐SiO2 dots is corroborated by changes in the flat band potential, revealed from Mott‐Schottky measurements. The EPR and photoluminescence studies confirm p‐type ZnO attributable to zinc vacancies (VZn). The batch [ZnO/N‐SiO2]363 exhibits maximum photocatalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin in water. The specific rate constant is k′ = 0.97 min−1 g−1, which is nearly three times higher than that exhibited by the irregularly spherical pristine ZnO nanoparticles (k′ = 0.36 min−1 g−1). The enhanced photocatalytic degradation is attributed to holes mediated hydroxyl radical generation. The degradation mechanism is proposed by carrier mobility studies, radical scavenging studies and by identifying the degradation products.
All‐In‐One OsciDrop Digital PCR System for Automated and Highly Multiplexed Molecular Diagnostics
Authors: Li Caiming , Kang Nan , Ye Shun , Huang Weihang , Wang Xia , Wang Cheng , Li Yuchen , Liu Yan‐Fei , Lan Ying , Ma Liang , Zhao Yuhang , Han Yong , Fu Jun , Shen Danhua , Dong Lianhua , Du Wenbin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDigital PCR (dPCR) holds immense potential for precisely detecting nucleic acid markers essential for personalized medicine. However, its broader application is hindered by high consumable costs, complex procedures, and restricted multiplexing capabilities. To address these challenges, an all‐in‐one dPCR system is introduced that eliminates the need for microfabricated chips, offering fully automated operations and enhanced multiplexing capabilities. Using this innovative oscillation‐induced droplet generation technique, OsciDrop, this system supports a comprehensive dPCR workflow, including precise liquid handling, pipette‐based droplet printing, in situ thermocycling, multicolor fluorescence imaging, and machine learning‐driven analysis. The system's reliability is demonstrated by quantifying reference materials and evaluating HER2 copy number variation in breast cancer. Its multiplexing capability is showcased with a quadruplex dPCR assay that detects key EGFR mutations, including 19Del, L858R, and T790M in lung cancer. Moreover, the digital stepwise melting analysis (dSMA) technique is introduced, enabling high‐multiplex profiling of seven major EGFR variants spanning 35 subtypes. This innovative dPCR system presents a cost‐effective and versatile alternative, overcoming existing limitations and paving the way for transformative advances in precision diagnostics.
Humanistic Health Management and Cancer: Associations of Psychology, Nutrition, and Exercise with Cancer Progression and Pathogenesis
Authors: Li Chenchen , Zhang Junfeng , Pan Pengcheng , Zhang Junjie , Hou Xinyi , Wang Yan , Chen Guoping , Muhammad Pir , Reis Rui L. , Ding Lin , Wang Yanli 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe incidence rate of cancer is increasing year by year due to the aging of the population, unhealthy living, and eating habits. At present, surgery and medication are still the main treatments for cancer, without paying attention to the impact of individual differences in health management on cancer. However, increasing evidence suggests that individual psychological status, dietary habits, and exercise frequency are closely related to the risk and prognosis of cancer. The reminder to humanity is that the medical concept of the unified treatment plan is insufficient in cancer treatment, and a personalized treatment plan may become a breakthrough point. On this basis, the concept of “Humanistic Health Management” (HHM) is proposed. This concept is a healthcare plan that focuses on self‐health management, providing an accurate and comprehensive evaluation of individual lifestyle habits, psychology, and health status, and developing personalized and targeted comprehensive cancer prevention and treatment plans. This review will provide a detailed explanation of the relationship between psychological status, dietary, and exercise habits, and the regulatory mechanisms of cancer. Intended to emphasize the importance of HHM concept in cancer prevention and better prognostic efficacy, providing new ideas for the new generation of cancer treatment.
Modulating Intrinsic Defect Structure of Fibrous Hard Carbon for Super‐Fast and High‐Areal Sodium Energy Storage
Authors: Yuan Li , Zhang Qianyu , Pu Yiran , Qiu Xiaoling , Liu Can , Wu Hao 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCreating defects by heteroatom doping is commonly approved in respect of enhancing fast sodium‐ion storage of carbonaceous anodes ascribing to rich external defects, but the contribution of intrinsic carbon defects (e.g., vacancy) in improving rate‐capability has rarely been investigated. Here, a bio‐derived fibrous hard carbon with high‐reversible intrinsic defects is synthesized via metal‐assisted‐catalytic strategy. It is found that sp2‐hybridized carbon is united through catalytic‐tuning during thermal‐etching process along with the formation of low‐potential planar intrinsic carbon defects (vacancies and non‐hexagonal carbon rings) by sacrificing poor‐reversible carbon edges. Such integrated structures greatly improve the reversibility of defective sites and charge transfer kinetics, thus enhancing the slope sodium‐storage capacity of carbon below 1 V even at high current densities. Thus‐obtained fibrous carbon anodes enable boosted initial coulombic efficiency (≈90%) and ultrahigh‐rate capability in both half‐ (222.2 mAh g−1at 50 A g−1) and full‐cell (200 C, charged/discharged in ≈10 s). Interestingly, compared with meso‐/macroporous structures, such micropore‐dominated carbon fibers are more beneficial for fabricating high‐mass‐loading, crack‐free thick electrodes (>10 mg cm−2) with considerable areal‐capacity over 3.0 mAh cm−2. Paired with high‐loading Na3V2PO4 cathode (14.4 mg cm−2), full‐cell achieves admirable areal‐capacity over 1.4 mAh cm−2 and peak areal‐energy/power‐density of 3.2/74 mW cm−2.
“Three birds with one stone” nanoplatform: Efficient near‐infrared‐triggered type‑I AIE photosensitizer for mitochondria‐targeted photodynamic therapy against hypoxic tumors
Authors: Liu Shengnan , Pei Yu , Sun Yan , Wang Ziwei , Chen Haoran , Zhu Dongxia , Bryce Martin R. , Tang Ben Zhong , Chang Yulei 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCurrently three major problems seriously limit the practical application of cancer photodynamic therapy (PDT): (i) the hypoxic tumor microenvironment (TME); (ii) low generation efficiency of toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) in aggregates and (iii) shallow tissue penetration depth of excitation light. Very limited approaches are available for addressing all the above three problems with a single design. Herein, a rational “three birds with one stone” molecular and nanoengineering strategy is demonstrated: a photodynamic nanoplatform U‐Ir@PAA‐ABS based on the covalent combination of lanthanide‐doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) and an AIE‐active dinuclear Ir(III) complex provides a low oxygen concentration‐dependent type‐I photochemical process upon 980 nm irradiation by Föster resonance energy transfer (FRET). U‐Ir@PAA‐ABS targets mitochondria and has excellent phototoxicity even in severe hypoxia environments upon 980 nm irradiation, inducing a dual‐mode cell death mechanism by apoptosis and ferroptosis. Taken together, the in vitro and in vivo results demonstrate a successful strategy for improving the efficacy of PDT against hypoxic tumors.
Cu‐Catalyzed Synthesis of 4H‐benzo[4,5]thiazolo[3,2‐a]pyrimidin‐4‐ones: Molecular Docking Studies and Anti‐Proliferative Activities Against HepG2 Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Aljaar Nayyef , Aboalrub Husam F. , Shtaiwi Majed , Sarhan Ayman H. Abu , Younes Eyad A. , Al‐Noaimi Mousa , Shtaiwi Amneh , Tahtamouni Lubna H. , Abu‐Safieh Kayed A. , AlObaid Abeer A. , Malakar Chandi C. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe copper‐catalyzed regioselective domino synthesis of 4H‐benzo[4,5]thiazolo[3,2‐a]pyrimidin‐4‐ones 3 through N,S‐arylation strategies has been accomplished. This transformation was operated by the reaction of 1‐bromo‐2‐iodobenzenes 1 with 2‐thioxo‐2,3‐dihydropyrimidin‐4(1H)‐ones 2 in the presence of trans‐4‐hydroxy‐L‐proline as a ligand in DMSO as a solvent. Using this method, a library of diversely functionalized 4H‐benzo[4,5]thiazolo[3,2‐a]pyrimidin‐4‐one derivatives 3 were obtained in yields ranging 66–85 %. The described process revealed a very good tolerance to substituents on both 1‐bromo‐2‐iodobenzenes 1 and 2‐thioxo‐2,3‐dihydropyrimidin‐4(1H)‐ones 2. In addition, the reaction with 1,2‐diodobenzene yielded the corresponding 2‐methyl‐4H‐benzo[4,5]thiazolo[3,2‐a]pyrimidin‐4‐one (3 a) in 70 % yield. Docking studies explained that the derivatives 3 h, 3 e, and 3 p bind to the lipophilic pocket of the phosphoinositide 3‐kinase beta (PI3 Kβ) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with high affinities. In addition, the complex 3 h‐4bfr formed a very stable complex with PI3 Kβ with the lowest binding free energy of −7.89 kcal/mol. The anti‐proliferative activity against HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells was evaluated using MTT assay. The compound 3 h exhibited cytotoxic activity against HepG2 cells comparable to that of Erlotinib, a standard EGFR inhibitor (IC50 values of 19.1 and 14.7 μM). Four of the tested compounds (3 e, 3 f, 3 o, and 3 p) showed moderate anti‐proliferative activities (IC50 values of 53.9 to 92.2 μM).
One‐Step Nickel‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Alpha‐Arylidene and Gamma Hydroxy‐Substituted N‐Methyl‐2‐Pyrrolidones
Authors: Sirvin Rajan Robin Prakash , Mok Jungwi , Lee Junseong , Lee Sunwoo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study describes a method to synthesize compounds with an arylidene group at the alpha position of N‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidone (NMP) and an alcohol group at the gamma position in a single‐step reaction using NMP and aldehyde. The highest yields were obtained with Ni(glyme)Cl2 as a nickel catalyst and tert‐butyl hydroperoxide as the oxidant, and various aryl aldehydes reacted under optimal conditions to yield the target compounds.
The efficacy of vitamin E in preventing arthrofibrosis after joint replacement
Authors: Fan Yingfang , Yuh Jean , Lekkala Sashank , Asik Mehmet D. , Thomson Andrew , McCanne Madeline , Randolph Mark A. , Chen Antonia F. , Oral Ebru 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundArthrofibrosis is a joint disorder characterized by excessive scar formation in the joint tissues. Vitamin E is an antioxidant with potential anti‐fibroblastic effect. The aim of this study was to establish an arthrofibrosis rat model after joint replacement and assess the effects of vitamin E supplementation on joint fibrosis.MethodsWe simulated knee replacement in 16 male Sprague–Dawley rats. We immobilized the surgical leg with a suture in full flexion. The control groups were killed at 2 and 12 weeks (n = 5 per group), and the test group was supplemented daily with vitamin E (0.2 mg/mL) in their drinking water for 12 weeks (n = 6). We performed histological staining to investigate the presence and severity of arthrofibrosis. Immunofluorescent staining and α2‐macroglobulin (α2M) enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to assess local and systemic inflammation. Static weight bearing (total internal reflection) and range of motion (ROM) were collected for functional assessment.ResultsThe ROM and weight‐bearing symmetry decreased after the procedure and recovered slowly with still significant deficit at the end of the study for both groups. Histological analysis confirmed fibrosis in both lateral and posterior periarticular tissue. Vitamin E supplementation showed a moderate anti‐inflammatory effect on the local and systemic levels. The vitamin E group exhibited significant improvement in ROM and weight‐bearing symmetry at day 84 compared to the control group.ConclusionsThis model is viable for simulating arthrofibrosis after joint replacement. Vitamin E may benefit postsurgical arthrofibrosis, and further studies are needed for dosing requirements.