bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chromogenic in situ hybridization detection of chromosome 7 and 17 abnormalities in renal cell carcinomas and comparison to flow cytometric DNA ploidy patterns
Authors: An Jungsuk , Choi Jungwoo , Shin Bong Kyung , Kim Aeree , Kim Han Kyeom , Kim Insun 
Published: June 2008

ABSTRACT Background and aim: The chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH) is a new method in which chromosome aberration is determined by using a chromogenic reaction. We report the aberrations of chromosome 7 and 17 in three major subtypes of renal cell carcinomas (RCC), and compared these chromosomal changes with the flow cytometric DNA ploidy patterns. Methods: Aberrations of chromosomes 7 and 17 in 21 clear cell (c), 6 papillary (p) and 15 chromophobe (ch) RCCs were studied and compared with flow cytometric DNA ploidy. Results: Two of 14 chRCCs (14.3%) were monosomic for chromosome 7, but none of the cRCCs or pRCCs were monosomic. Twelve (85.7%) chRCCs showed monosomy for chromosome 17, but none of the pRCCs were monosomic. Three pRCCs (50%), 5 of 14 (35.7%) chRCCs and 2 (9.5%) cRCCs were polysomic for chromosome 7, whereas only one pRCC was polysomic. DNA aneuploidy was found in 2 pRCCs (33.3%), 2 cRCCs (9.5%), and 6 chRCCs (46.2%). Hypodiploidy was seen in one chRCC, and triploidy was seen in all types of RCCs. DNA aneuploidy was more frequent in cases with both chromosome 7 and 17 abnormalities (80%) than in cases with abnormality of one (38.5%) or neither (4.5%). Conclusion: The CISH method is useful in detecting chromosomal change in RCC, and the identification of chromosome 17 monosomy is helpful in diagnosis of chRCC.
Expression profiling of the differentiation related protein N‐myc downstream regulated gene 2 in normal human tissues
Authors: Li Shengjin , Huang Song Mei , Lim Jong‐seok , Kim Jin‐Man 
Published: June 2008

ABSTRACT Background and aim: N‐myc downstream‐regulated gene 2 (NDRG2) is a member of human NDRG super family which is known to be related to cell differentiation. NDRG2 might be associated with cell growth, but its exact function is still unknown. We investigate expression of NDRG2 at the protein level in human normal tissues. Methods: Immunohistochemical staining for NDRG2 protein was performed in normal human paraffin tissues, using LSAB methods. Results: We observed NDRG2 protein expression in a comprehensive human tissue panel that included the cryptic epithelium of the small intestine, colon, pancreas, salivary ducts and glands, testis, prostate, ovary, uterus, breast, kidney, pulmonary bronchioles, heart and skeletal muscle. NDRG2 was strongly expressed in the adrenal cortical cells. NDRG2 was also expressed in differentiated dendritic cells, including interdigitating cells of the lymph nodes, dendritic cells in the spleen, epidermal Langerhan's cells and dermic dendritic cells in the skin and brain astrocytes. Conclusions: Multiple localizations of NDRG2 protein suggest pleiotropic functions through interaction with other proteins.
Thymic marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue
Authors: Park Jong‐Pil , Kim Jin‐Man , Koh Young‐Hye , Kwon Kun‐Young , Pyo Ju‐Yeon , Kim Hyunki , Yang Woo‐Ick 
Published: June 2008

ABSTRACT Background and aim: Extranodal marginal zone B‐cell lymphoma of mucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) arising from the thymus is a rare disease; 43 cases have been described in the English literature. We describe the clinicopatholgic characteristics and molecular findings of six Korean cases of MALT lymphomas arising from the thymus. Methods: We assessed characteristic clinicopathologic findings and performed fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using a MALT1 break‐apart probe and immunohistochemical staining for immunoglobulin subtypes and bcl‐10 protein. Results: These cases demonstrated a female predominance, autoimmune context, frequent cysts and prominent lymphoepithelial lesion formation, consistent plasma cell differentiation with predominantly IgA expression, and a lack of MALT1 rearrangement. However, systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis were as prevalent as Sjögren syndrome in these Korean thymic MALT lymphoma patients, contrary to reports from other countries which described Sjögren syndrome as a predominant underlying disease. Conclusions: The reported Korean cases of thymic MALT lymphoma might have different autoimmune context although our series reconfirms other distinctive clinicopathologic and molecular characteristics of thymic MALT lymphomas.
Expression of Notch 1 and 3 is related to inhibition of lymph node metastasis and progression in non‐small cell lung carcinomas
Authors: Lee Sun Mi , Jung Chan Kwon , Ko Yoon Ho , Choi Jong Young , Lee Kyo Young , Kang Chang Suk 
Published: June 2008

ABSTRACT Background and aims: Notch signaling pathways are well known for their major role in stem cell differentiation. However, varied results have been reported in relation to their oncogenic role, depending on tumor type. We studied the expression of Notch receptors and other cell cycle proteins in human non‐small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC) and analyzed their relationship to tumor progression. Methods: We examined the tissue microarrays of 158 cases of NSCLC for Notch1 and 3, and cell cycle regulatory proteins p53, p16INK4a, pRb and CDK2 by immunohistochemistry. Results: Notch1 and 3 receptors were noted in 81.6% and 79.7% of cases, respectively. Notch1 expression was negatively correlated with lymph node metastasis (P = 0.043) and Notch3 was negatively correlated with more advanced pathologic T stage (P = 0.024). However, expressions of Notch receptors didn't show any significant prognostic value for NSCLC. Of the cell cycle proteins, CDK2 and pRb were negatively correlated with Notch1 (P = 0.013) and Notch3 (P = 0.018). Conclusions: Notch receptors play an inhibitory role in metastasis to lymph node and in the activity of cell cycle proteins, which may lead to suppression of NSCLC.
Extrapleural malignant solitary fibrous tumor
Authors: Kim Lucia , Paik Ae Lan , Chu Young Chae , Park In Suh , Choi Suk Jin , Han Jee Young , Kim Joon Mee 
Published: June 2008

ABSTRACTSolitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a ubiquitous mesenchymal neoplasm of probable fibroblastic type. Approximately 30% of SFTs arise in extrathoracic locations. The majority of SFT are benign, the malignant form accounting for 12–22%. We report a case of malignant solitary fibrous tumor in the back of a 27‐year‐old male patient. Grossly, the mass was well circumscribed, unencapsulated, soft to rubbery, oval shaped and measured 11.0 cm at its greatest diameter. The cut surface showed multinodular whitish‐gray to tan solid appearance. Microscopically, the tumor revealed a wide spectrum of histologic features with alternating hypercellular and hypocellular areas, patternless architecture, haphazard arrangement of oval to spindle cells, branching vessels with perivascular hyalinization, frequent keloid‐like collagen deposits and stromal hyalinization. Multifocal hypercellular areas revealed moderate to marked cytologic atypia and frequent mitotic figures with atypical mitoses.
Calcifying tissue of florid cemento‐osseous dysplasia easily involving chronic diffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis
Authors: Park In Woo , Choi Hang Moon , Park Young Wook , Kim Soung Min , Kim Ji Hyuck , Huh Jin Young , Park Yang Soon , Lee Young Joon , Lee Sang Shin , Lee Suk Keun 
Published: June 2008

ABSTRACTFlorid cemento‐osseous dysplasia (FCOD) is a benign, non‐neoplastic lesion characterized by multiple sclerosing masses only within jawbones. It is frequently confused with chronic diffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis (CDSO) in the literature. Two cases of FCOD are examined to determine the characteristics of their calcifying tissues. The first case was non‐infected, while the second case was severely infected, displaying the typical features of CDSO in clinico‐radiologic findings. The infected FCOD case showed large bacterial colonies in the main lesion with rare inflammatory reaction. The globular cementum‐like materials of FCOD looked like woven bone and showed increased positive reaction to Alcian blue stain, of which peripheral margin was strongly positive for the antibody of ameloblastin, and weakly positive for the antibodies of bone morphogenetic protein‐2 and ‐4. In the immunostains of matrix metalloprotein‐3, ‐9, ‐10, and transforming growth factor‐alpha, macrophage infiltration in the FCOD lesion were rarely observed. These data suggest that the cementum‐like materials of FCOD contain various matrix proteins, and that the cementum‐like materials are relevant to the overgrowth of the bacterial colonies by the inhibition of regional inflammatory reactions.
Density Measurement of Powder Metallurgy Compacts by Means of Small Indentation
Authors: Quadrini Fabrizio , Squeo Erica Anna 
Published: June 2008

Abstract
In this study, the density of powder metallurgy compacts was measured by means of small indentation. Zinc (Zn) and aluminum (Al) tablets were fabricated by cold compaction of powders: different tablet densities were obtained by changing the packing pressure. Instrumented indentation tests were carried out by means of flat cylindrical indenters having diameters of 1mm and 2mm. After a calibration procedure, the slope of the indentation curve or the indentation load can be used for the density evaluation.
CLASSIFICATION OF FINITE CONGRUENCE-SIMPLE SEMIRINGS WITH ZERO
Authors: ZUMBRÄGEL JENS 
Published: June 2008

Our main result states that a finite semiring of order > 2 with zero which is not a ring is congruence-simple if and only if it is isomorphic to a "dense" subsemiring of the endomorphism semiring of a finite idempotent commutative monoid.We also investigate those subsemirings further, addressing e.g. the question of isomorphy.
WARFIELD INVARIANTS IN COMMUTATIVE GROUP ALGEBRAS
Authors: DANCHEV PETER V. 
Published: June 2008

Let F be a field and G an Abelian group. For every prime number q and every ordinal number α we compute only in terms of F and G the Warfield q-invariants Wα, q(VF[G]) of the group VF[G] of all normed units in the group algebra F[G] under some minimal restrictions on F and G. This expands own recent results from (Extracta Mathematicae, 2005) and (Collectanea Mathematicae, 2008).
Neuromagnetic Response to Body Motion and Brain Connectivity
Authors: Pavlova Marina , Bidet-Ildei Christel , Sokolov Alexander N. , Braun Christoph , Krägeloh-Mann Ingeborg 
Published: June 2008

Abstract
Visual detection of body motion is of immense importance for daily-life activities and social nonverbal interaction. Although neurobiological mechanisms underlying visual processing of human locomotion are being explored extensively by brain imaging, the role of structural brain connectivity is not well understood. Here we investigate cortical evoked neuromagnetic response to point-light body motion in healthy adolescents and in patients with early periventricular lesions, periventricular leukomalacia (PVL), that disrupt brain connectivity. In a simultaneous masking paradigm, participants detected the presence of a point-light walker embedded in a few sets of spatially scrambled dots on the joints of a walker. The visual sensitivity to camouflaged human locomotion was lower in PVL patients. In accord with behavioral data, root-mean-square (RMS) amplitude of neuromagnetic trace in response to human locomotion was lower in PVL patients at latencies of 180–244 msec over the right temporal cortex. In this time window, the visual sensitivity to body motion in controls, but not in PVL patients, was inversely linked to the right temporal activation. At later latencies of 276–340 msec, we found reduction in RMS amplitude in PVL patients for body motion stimuli over the right frontal cortex. The findings indicate that disturbances in brain connectivity with the right temporal cortex, a key node of the social brain, and with the right frontal cortex lead to disintegration of the neural network engaged in visual processing of body motion. We suspect that reduced cortical response to body motion over the right temporal and frontal cortices might underlie deficits in visual social cognition.
The Angry Brain: Neural Correlates of Anger, Angry Rumination, and Aggressive Personality
Authors: Denson Thomas F. , Pedersen William C. , Ronquillo Jaclyn , Nandy Anirvan S. 
Published: June 2008

Abstract
Very little is known about the neural circuitry guiding anger, angry rumination, and aggressive personality. In the present fMRI experiment, participants were insulted and induced to ruminate. Activity in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex was positively related to self-reported feelings of anger and individual differences in general aggression. Activity in the medial prefrontal cortex was related to self-reported rumination and individual differences in displaced aggression. Increased activation in the hippocampus, insula, and cingulate cortex following the provocation predicted subsequent self-reported rumination. These findings increase our understanding of the neural processes associated with the risk for aggressive behavior by specifying neural regions that mediate the subjective experience of anger and angry rumination as well as the neural pathways linked to different types of aggressive behavior.
Dominance and Submission: The Ventrolateral Prefrontal Cortex and Responses to Status Cues
Authors: Marsh Abigail A. , Blair Karina S. , Jones Matthew M. , Soliman Niveen , Blair R. J. R. 
Published: June 2008

Abstract
Status hierarchies constitute a fundamental organizing principle of human society. However, little is known about the neural systems that process nonverbal cues that indicate status. Preliminary neuropsychological work has suggested a role for the ventrolateral and ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VLPFC/VMPFC) and the superior temporal cortex (STC). We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to delineate the nature of these roles. Analyses revealed signal changes in the right VLPFC in connection with two primary functions attributed to status cues. Status cues moderate behavior and the right VLPFC showed increased signal for high-status relative to neutral and low-status cues. The VLPFC also showed increased signal for high-status cues displayed by individuals of the opposite gender to the perceiver; this may be relevant to the role status cues play in moderating mate choice behavior. Connectivity results indicated significant positive connectivity between the VLPFC and both the VMPFC and the STC. We suggest that the VLPFC retrieves information from these regions when processing hierarchy cues to facilitate socially adaptive behavior.
Normal and Impaired Reflexive Orienting of Attention after Central Nonpredictive Cues
Authors: Bonato Mario , Priftis Konstantinos , Marenzi Roberto , Zorzi Marco 
Published: June 2008

AbstractRecent studies suggest that stimuli with directional meaning can trigger lateral shifts of visuospatial attention when centrally presented as noninformative cues. We investigated covert orienting in healthy participants and in a group of 17 right brain-damaged patients (9 with hemispatial neglect) comparing arrows, eye gaze, and digits as central nonpredictive cues in a detection task. Orienting effects elicited by arrows and eye gaze were overall consistent in healthy participants and in right brain-damaged patients, whereas digit cues were ineffective. Moreover, patients with neglect showed, at the shortest delay between cue and target, a disengage deficit for arrow cueing whose magnitude was predicted by neglect severity. We conclude that the peculiar form of attentional orienting triggered by the directional meaning of arrow cues presents some features previously thought to characterize only the stimulus-driven (exogenous) orienting to noninformative peripheral cues.
Task-dependent Modulations of Prefrontal and Hippocampal Activity during Intrinsic Word Production
Authors: Whitney Carin , Weis Susanne , Krings Timo , Huber Walter , Grossman Murray , Kircher Tilo 
Published: June 2008

AbstractFunctional imaging studies of single word production have consistently reported activation of the lateral prefrontal and cingulate cortex. Its contribution has been shown to be sensitive to task demands, which can be manipulated by the degree of response specification. Compared with classical verbal fluency, free word association relies less on response restrictions but to a greater extent on associative binding processes, usually subserved by the hippocampus. To elucidate the relevance of the frontal and medial-temporal areas during verbal retrieval tasks, we applied varying degrees of response specification. During fMRI data acquisition, 18 subjects performed a free verbal association (FVA), a semantic verbal fluency (SVF) task, and a phonological verbal fluency (PVF) task. Externally guided word production served as a baseline condition to control for basic articulatory and reading processes. As expected, increased brain activity was observed in the left lateral and bilateral medial frontal cortices for SVF and PVF. The anterior cingulate gyrus was the only structure common to both fluency tasks in direct comparison to the less restricted FVA task. The hippocampus was engaged during associative and semantic retrieval. Interestingly, hippocampal activity was selectively evident during FVA in direct comparison to SVF when it was controlled for stimulus–response relations. The current data confirm the role of the left prefrontal–cingulate network in constrained word production. Hippocampal activity during spontaneous word production is a novel finding and seems to be dependent on the retrieval process (free vs. constrained) rather than the variety of stimulus–response relationships that is involved.
End or Means—The “What” and “How” of Observed Intentional Actions
Authors: Hesse Maike D. , Sparing Roland , Fink Gereon R. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractAction understanding and learning are suggested to be mediated, at least in part, by the human mirror neuron system (hMNS). Static images as well as videos of actions with the outcome occluded have been shown to activate the hMNS. However, whether the hMNS preferentially responds to end or means of an action remains to be investigated. We, therefore, presented subjects with videos of intentional actions that were shown from two perspectives (factor 1, perspective: first vs. third person) while subjects directed their attention to the means or the end thereof (factor 2, task: means vs. end). End- or means-related changes in BOLD signal and corticospinal excitability (CSE) were assessed using fMRI and TMS, respectively. Judging the means of an action compared with its end differentially activated bilateral ventral premotor (vPMC) and inferior parietal cortex (IPL), that is, the core regions of the hMNS. The reverse contrast revealed left precuneus and bilateral superior frontal, angular, and middle temporal gyrus activity. In accordance, the two tasks, although identically in stimulus properties, modulated CSE differentially. Although recent studies suggest that the hMNS may prefer the presence of a goal or context, our data show that within the same context, it responds preferentially when attention is directed to the action means. Consequently, in addition to inferring action goals, a key function of the hMNS may be to anticipate the trajectories and dynamics of observed actions, which is a prerequisite for any timely interaction.
Midrash, Theology, and History: Two Powers in Heaven Revisited
Authors: Schremer Adiel 
Published: June 2008

AbstractThis paper seeks to re-contextualize and re-interpret the earliest rabbinic polemic against the concept of "Two Powers in Heaven." In contrast to previous interpretations that view that polemic as aimed at rejecting Christian or Gnostic concepts, the present paper suggests that Two Powers was conceived by Tannaitic sources as an expression of existential giving up on God, which stemmed from His inability to demonstrate His power, as was exposed in the military defeat of the Jews in their wars against the Roman Empire.
The Fable of "the Middle-Aged Man with Two Wives": From the Aesopian Motif to the Babylonian Talmud Version in b. B. Qam. 60b
Authors: Maciá Lorena Miralles 
Published: June 2008

AbstractSome motifs of the Aesopian tradition were adapted by rabbinic literature. One of them was the case of a man who had two wives, one young and the other old, who plucked out his grey and black hairs respectively, until he became bald. The current tale had several versions until the rabbis included it with the mashal form in a passage of the Tractate Baba Qamma of the Babylonian Talmud. In this article I collect the passages where it appears prior to the Talmudic text (the Augustana recension of the Aesopian fables and the works of Diodorus Siculus, Babrius, and Phaedrus), in order to determine, as far as possible, to which version of the tale the rabbinic tradition could have access.
IKDC or KOOS? Which Measures Symptoms and Disabilities Most Important to Postoperative Articular Cartilage Repair Patients?
Authors: Hambly Karen , Griva Konstadina 
Published: June 2008

Background The relevance of knee-specific subjective measures of outcome to patients has not been evaluated for cartilage repair procedures. Purpose The aim of this study was to identify which instrument out of the Knee injury Osteoarthritis Outcome Score and the International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Form measures symptoms and disabilities most important to Postoperative articular cartilage repair patients. Study Design Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods Data were collected from 58 participants of an Internet knee forum via a self-reported online questionnaire consisting of demographic and surgical data, the Tegner activity scale, and 49 consolidated items from the Knee injury Osteoarthritis Outcome Score and the International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Form. Item importance, frequency, and frequency-importance product were calculated. Results Overall, the International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Form was the highest scoring instrument in all categories. However, 2 of the Knee injury Osteoarthritis Outcome Score subscales (“function in sport and recreation” and “knee-related quality of life”) scored higher on mean importance and frequency-importance product than the overall International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Form score. Conclusion The International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Form provided the best overall measure of symptoms and disabilities that are most important to this population of postoperative articular cartilage repair patients. This brings into question the validity of using the Knee injury Osteoarthritis Outcome Score in shorter-term—less than 10 years—studies. Issues related to sports activity appear to be highly valued and very pertinent to evaluation of outcomes for this patient group.