bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retagliptin as add‐on therapy to metformin in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with metformin: A multicentre, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, phase 3 trial
Authors: Guo Lixin , Tian Fengsheng , Liu Li , Chen Mingwei , Jiang Chengxia , Li Shuangqing , Liu Cong , Zhang Yawei , Qin Jie , Yu Dongni , Zong Yicen , Dai Wei 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of retagliptin in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) inadequately controlled with metformin.Materials and MethodsThis multicentre, phase 3 trial consisted of a 16‐week, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled period, where patients with HbA1c levels between 7.5% and 11.0% were randomized to receive either once‐daily (QD) retagliptin 100 mg (n = 87) or placebo (n = 87), both as an add‐on to metformin. The primary endpoint was the change in HbA1c from baseline to week 16.ResultsAt week 16, the least squares mean change in HbA1c from baseline, compared with placebo, was −0.82% (95% CI, −1.05% to −0.58%) for the retagliptin 100 mg QD group (P < .0001) per treatment policy estimand. Significantly higher proportions of patients in the retagliptin 100 mg QD group achieved HbA1c levels of less than 6.5% (11.5%) and less than 7.0% (26.4%) compared with those receiving placebo (0% and 4.6%; P = .0016 and P < .0001, respectively) at week 16. Retagliptin 100 mg QD also lowered fasting plasma glucose and 2‐hour postprandial plasma glucose levels. The incidence of adverse events (AEs) during the treatment period was similar between the two groups. However, slightly higher proportions of increased lipase and increased amylase in the retagliptin 100 mg QD group were observed. No patients discontinued treatment permanently because of AEs, and no episodes of severe hypoglycaemia were reported.ConclusionsRetagliptin 100 mg QD as an add‐on therapy to metformin offers a new therapeutic option for treating Chinese patients with T2D inadequately controlled by metformin alone, and is generally well tolerated.
Genetic backgrounds and clinical characteristics of congenital neutropenias in Israel
Authors: Yeshareem Lital , Yacobovich Joanne , Lebel Asaf , Noy‐Lotan Sharon , Dgany Orly , Krasnov Tanya , Berger Pinto Galit , Oniashvili Nino , Mardoukh Jacques , Bielorai Bella , Laor Ruth , Mandel‐Shorer Noa , Ben Barak Ayelet , Levin Carina , Asleh Mahdi , Miskin Hagit , Revel‐Vilk Shoshana , Levin Dror , Benish Marganit , Zuckerman Tsila , Wolach Ofir , Pazgal Idit , Brik Simon Dafna , Gilad Oded , Yanir Asaf David , Goldberg Tracie Alison , Izraeli Shai , Tamary Hannah , Steinberg‐Shemer Orna 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundCongenital neutropenias are characterized by severe infections and a high risk of myeloid transformation; the causative genes vary across ethnicities. The Israeli population is characterized by an ethnically diverse population with a high rate of consanguinity.ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical and genetic spectrum of congenital neutropenias in Israel.MethodsWe included individuals with congenital neutropenias listed in the Israeli Inherited Bone Marrow Failure Registry. Sanger sequencing was performed for ELANE or G6PC3, and patients with wild‐type ELANE/G6PC3 were referred for next‐generation sequencing.ResultsSixty‐five patients with neutropenia were included. Of 51 patients with severe congenital neutropenia, 34 were genetically diagnosed, most commonly with variants in ELANE (15 patients). Nine patients had biallelic variants in G6PC3, all of consanguineous Muslim Arab origin. Other genes involved were SRP54, JAGN1, TAZ, and SLC37A4. Seven patients had cyclic neutropenia, all with pathogenic variants in ELANE, and seven had Shwachman–Diamond syndrome caused by biallelic SBDS variants. Eight patients (12%) developed myeloid transformation, including six patients with an unknown underlying genetic cause. Nineteen (29%) patients underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, mostly due to insufficient response to treatment with granulocyte‐colony stimulating factor or due to myeloid transformation.ConclusionsThe genetic spectrum of congenital neutropenias in Israel is characterized by a high prevalence of G6PC3 variants and an absence of HAX1 mutations. Similar to other registries, for 26% of the patients, a molecular diagnosis was not achieved. However, myeloid transformation was common in this group, emphasizing the need for close follow‐up.
Petrogenesis of S‐type Ladakh granite and mafic microgranular enclaves in the southern margin of Ladakh batholith: An evidence of crust–mantle interaction during the collision between Indian and Eurasian plates
Authors: Perumalsamy C. , Vijay Anand S. , Nagarajan R. , Mukherjee Bappa 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe previous studies revealed the I‐type Ladakh magmatism in the Andean‐type southern margin of the Ladakh batholith (LB) was related to the subduction of the Neotethyan Ocean and India‐Eurasia collision. However, LB's S‐type granitic magmatism and associated mafic microgranular enclaves (MMEs) are poorly constrained. Here, we present the new data for S‐type Ladakh granite (LG) and associated monzodiorite MMEs in the Andean‐type orogeny in the southern margin of the Eurasian plate. The low SiO2 (47.4–53.9 wt%), high K2O (1.56–3.21 wt%), Mg# (52–65), continental‐arc tracer patterns, and slightly depleted to evolved Sr‐Nd isotopic composition ((87Sr/86Sr)i = 0.7047–0.7166; ℇNd (t = 50 Ma) = (+1.40 to −8.92)) for MME suggest that they were derived from the phlogopite‐bearing deep lithospheric mantle‐source at a depth of 5.4–10.5 km depth with 810–870°C, 1.4–2.8 kbar, and enriched by sediment‐melts addition into the mantle‐wedge from subducting Neotethyan Oceanic slab. The mantle‐derived ascending hot mafic magma mixing with felsic magma of the ancient northern Indian margin‐derived, generates monzodiorite MME by assimilation and magma mixing processes. Plagioclase, amphibole, and biotite chemistry support the magma mixing processes. LG are characterized by high SiO2 (63.4–75.0 wt%), K2O (3.93–5.67 wt%), CaO/Na2O ratio of >0.3, differentiation index (90.27–97.46), normative corundum (1.0–2.8), A/CNK values (1.00–1.18), hypersthene (0.7–5.7), and low Al2O3, MgO, TiO2, Fe2O3. They also exhibit peraluminous, variable tracer elemental abundances, variable (87Sr/86Sr)i ratios (0.6967–0.7191), and high whole rock ℇNd (t = 50 Ma) values of −4.15 to −11.92) and ancient two‐stage Nd model age of 1160 and 1858 Ma. These features suggest that S‐type Ladakh granites were derived from the melting of ancient metagreywacke‐dominated metasedimentary rocks of the northern Indian margin by a large amount of mafic magma underplating after subducted Neotethyan slab‐rollback. The formation of LG and MMEs related to the Andean‐type orogeny in the southern margin of the Eurasian plate.
Lowering the synthesis temperature of α‐Al2O3 by increasing the content of pentacoordinate aluminum in the precursors
Authors: Wei Kaite , Ma Mingyuan , Lu Youjun , Wang Jian , Zhang Xiao , Liang Sen 
Published: April 2024

Abstractα‐Al2O3, commonly known as corundum, plays a significant role in various industrial applications. Typically, the synthesis of α‐Al2O3 requires elevated temperatures exceeding 1200°C, which results in reduced specific surface area and increased particle size due to high‐temperature calcination. In this study, α‐Al2O3 powder was primarily investigated. The precursor was prepared by non‐hydrolytic sol‐gel (NHSG) method, employing alcohols and other nonaqueous oxygen donors in nucleophilic substitution reactions with AlCl3. The precursor was then processed by mechanochemical method, leading to the attainment of α‐Al2O3 at temperatures below 800°C. The resultant α‐Al2O3 was in the form of thin flakes, with significantly increased specific surface areas up to 27.9 m2/g. Upon characterizing the precursors post‐ball milling, a large amount of pentacoordinate aluminum was observed. The pentacoordinate aluminum has activated the alumina lattice and increased the phase transition rate, a key factor in the low temperature preparation of α‐Al2O3. This innovative approach not only simplifies the preparation process but also enables the production of high‐purity, large specific surface area lamellar α‐Al2O3 at lower temperatures, paving the way for more efficient and cost‐effective industrial processes.
Scintillation properties of transparent Lu‐α‐SiAlON:Ce3+ ceramics
Authors: Aminaka Kohei , Tatami Junichi , Iijima Motoyuki , Ito Akihiko , Matsumoto Shogen , Takahashi Takuma , Ohji Tatsuki 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe high durability under harsh environment including high temperature, high humidity, and high radiation is required for scintillators used for decommissioning of nuclear facilities and radiation monitoring in nuclear fusion reactors. α‐SiAlON ceramics are highly potential for such scintillators because of their thermal and mechanical durability and luminescence corresponding to doped rare‐earth ion. In this study, scintillation properties of transparent Lu‐α‐SiAlON:Ce3+ ceramics were investigated for the first time. Lu‐α‐SiAlON:Ce3+ showed the scintillation responses to α‐rays and X‐rays. The α‐rays‐induced scintillation decay curve consists of two components whose decay time are 48 and 652 ns. The faster decay component most presumably results from 4f‐5d transition of Ce3+, whereas the origin of the slower one is unclear but may be defects in α‐SiAlON. The light yield of the Lu‐α‐SiAlON:Ce3+ ceramics was 1300 photons 5.5 MeV−1.
Observational pilot study of multi‐wavelength wearable light dosimetry for erythropoietic protoporphyria
Authors: Dickey Amy K. , Berkovich Jaime , Leaf Rebecca K. , Jiang Paul Y. , Lopez‐Galmiche Gisela , Rebeiz Lina , Wheeden Kristen , Kochevar Irene , Savage William , Zhao Sophia , Campisi Elizabeth , Heo Seung Y. , Trueb Jacob , LaRochelle Ethan P. M. , Rogers John , Banks Anthony , Chang Jan‐Kai 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundErythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) causes painful light sensitivity, limiting quality of life. Our objective was to develop and validate a wearable light exposure device and correlate measurements with light sensitivity in EPP to predict and prevent symptoms.MethodsA wearable light dosimeter was developed to capture light doses of UVA, blue, and red wavelengths. A prospective observational pilot study was performed in which five EPP patients wore two light dosimeters for 3 weeks, one as a watch, and one as a shirt clip.ResultsStandard deviation (SD) increases from the mean in the daily blue light dose increased the odds ratio (OR) for symptom risk more than the self‐reported outdoor time (OR 2.76 vs. 2.38) or other wavelengths, and a one SD increase from the mean in the daily blue light wristband device dose increased the OR for symptom risk more than the daily blue light shirt clip (OR 2.45 vs. 1.62). The area under the receiver operator curve for the blue light wristband dose was 0.78, suggesting 78% predictive accuracy.ConclusionThese data demonstrate that wearable blue light dosimetry worn as a wristband is a promising method for measuring light exposure and predicting and preventing symptoms in EPP.
Influence of the fruit parts on bioactive compounds, antioxidant capacity, polyphenols, fatty acid and mineral contents of the pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima L.) fruits
Authors: Mohamed Ahmed Isam A. , AlJuhaimi Fahad , Özcan Mehmet Musa , Uslu Nurhan , Karrar Emad 
Published: April 2024

SummaryIn the current work, the effect of pumpkin parts on the oil content, total phenol, flavonoid, carotenoid quantities, antioxidant capacity, phenolic components, fatty acid profiles and mineral profiles of pumpkin parts was investigated. Total carotenoid and phenolic amounts of pumpkin parts were recorded to be from 36.84 (seed) and 29.92 μg g−1 (pulp) to 28.75 (pulp) and 67.68 mgGAE/100 g (peel) respectively. Also, total flavonoid quantities of the parts of pumpkin were assigned between 21.07 mg/100 g (pulp) and 220.36 mg/100 g (seed), while antioxidant activities of pumpkin samples range from 0.04 mmol kg−1 (pulp) to 0.82 mmol kg−1 (seed). Catechin and caffeic acid amounts of pumpkin parts varied from 13.25 (seed) and 77.31 mg/100 g (peel) to 4.70 (seed) and 7.60 mg/100 g (peel) respectively. The amount of catechin detected in the pumpkin peel was approximately two and five times higher than the pulp part. Resveratrol content was lowest in the pulp part of the pumpkin. Oleic and linoleic acid values of the oils ranged from 19.23% (peel) to 29.16% (seed) and from 18.15% (peel) to 51.06% (seed) respectively. Stearic, oleic and linoleic acids of pumpkin pulp oil were higher than pumpkin peel oil. Pumpkin seed oils are rich in oleic and linoleic acids. P, K, Mg, S and Fe were the dominant biogenic minerals of pumpkin parts. The most of total carotenoids and total phenols were accumulated in the peel part of the pumpkin fruit. The total flavonoid quantity of pumpkin seeds was approximately three times higher than the pumpkin peel part and ten times higher than the pulp part.
In the pursuit of a healthier diet among young Chinese adults: identifying important food quality attributes and factors that influence food choices
Authors: Liu Shuainan , Begho Toritseju 
Published: April 2024

SummaryThe paper examines preferences for nutritional and health‐related food attributes, the importance placed on intrinsic and extrinsic characteristics of food and the individual, household and psychographic determinants when making choices. To address the lack of empirical studies, the paper estimates Poisson, negative binomial and linear regressions using data from 457 young Chinese adults between 18 and 30 years. The results show a strong preference for nutritional and health‐related food attributes. Gender and unemployment are associated with a decrease in the number of nutritional features valued in food choices. In contrast, a higher income and a positive perception of body shape are associated with an increase in the number of valued nutritional features. Also, older individuals assign lower importance to intrinsic and extrinsic characteristics in evaluating food, while larger household size, higher income, and positive body shape perception increase the importance placed on intrinsic and extrinsic characteristics in evaluating food.
Characterisation of chitosan coating incorporated with oleuropein and its effects on the quality of refrigerated chicken breasts
Authors: Guo Weiping , Xu Yunfeng , He Xiangxiang , Wang Jiakang , Xiang Jinle , Li Peiyan , Luo Denglin 
Published: April 2024

SummaryThe stability, microstructure and antioxidant capacity of the composite coating solution of chitosan (CS) and oleuropein (OLE, 0.08–0.32%, w/v) were estimated by zeta potential, rheological properties, scanning electron microscope and 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging assays. Effects of the composite coating on refrigerated chicken breasts were evaluated by microbial, chemical and sensory assays. The results revealed that the coating solutions were stable, intact and exhibited good antioxidant activities. When chicken samples were stored at 4 °C for 12 days, the microbial population treated with CS + OLE decreased to 5.43–7.59 log CFU g−1 compared with the control (8.41 log CFU g−1). The increase in pH values, total volatile base nitrogen and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances contents, and drip loss rate of chicken samples had also been deferred. Overall, the results indicated that it was feasible to apply CS with OLE to extend the shelf life of chicken breasts.
WeChat use and social participation among community‐dwelling adults with severe mental disorders: A mixed‐methods study
Authors: Li Ying 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe social media platform WeChat is increasingly used by individuals with severe mental disorders (SMDs). However, few studies have examined WeChat use of adults with SMDs and its association with social participation in the Chinese context. This mixed‐methods study examined the effects of WeChat use on this population's social participation. The results indicate that WeChat use was positively and significantly associated with social participation among older adults with SMDs, helping them maintain contact with family, relatives, friends, community residents, and mental health professionals. Owing to different life stages and associated social expectations, younger adults with SMDs were mainly concerned with employment or family obligations and were less likely to use WeChat for social interactions with friends and community residents. WeChat can be a useful tool to encourage social participation among older adults with SMDs; age‐related expectations for participation need to be considered in the design and delivery of intervention services.
Nursing roles in disaster zones: Experiences and lessons from Turkey's 2023 earthquakes
Authors: Segev Ronen , Suliman Moriya , Gorodetzer Roee , Zukin Ludmila , Spitz Ahuva 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundDisasters affect human health and well‐being globally. Nursing plays a vital role in disaster preparedness and response, ensuring efficient early care coordination and delivering effective field treatment.AimThis study investigates the challenges an Israeli humanitarian delegation encountered during their response to major earthquakes in Turkey in 2023. It explicitly focuses on difficulties in preparation, operations, and collaboration with local teams. The study further analyzes the findings and extracts valuable lessons from the mission.MethodsUsing a qualitative descriptive design, 22 out of 32 nurses involved in delegation participated in three focus group discussions within two months of returning to Israel. The discussions were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed thematically. The study followed the COREQ guidelines, ensuring comprehensive reporting and methodological rigor in qualitative research.FindingsThe study's main findings spanned predeparture preparation, mission challenges in the disaster zone, and postmission lessons, each highlighted by subthemes and participant quotations. A strong sense of mission was evident among the participants, along with frustration at inefficient time management prior to deployment. Many participants noted additional challenges, related to the difficulty of working in multiple languages and across cultures, and the opportunities for resolution. Finally, participants called for better psychological support following the mission.ConclusionNurses in disaster zones offer valuable insights to enhance preparation, cross‐cultural communication, and postmission implementation.Nursing and health policy implicationsNurse managers and healthcare policymakers can utilize this study's findings to develop future nursing training programs in disaster‐related skills. Additionally, it can help foster collaboration among international healthcare teams.
The effects of bribery on the digitization of small and medium enterprises in Latin America
Authors: Andrade‐Rojas Mariana Giovanna , Erskine Michael A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this study, we examine the effects of bribery on the digitization of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) within Latin America. We apply neo‐institutional theory as the overarching theoretical framework to establish that bribery negatively influences digitization. We propose that firm characteristics (i.e., managerial experience and firm size) affect the firm‐level relationship between bribery and digitization. We also examine how the perceived tax burden mediates the effect of bribery on digitization. Our study is both theoretically and practically relevant. Theoretically, we are among the first to explicate the direct relationship between bribery and digitization. This novel perspective extends the information systems literature to explain digitization challenges in Latin America. For managers and policymakers, we present a path towards essential digitization for Latin American SMEs. Our empirical analysis uses secondary data from a World Bank survey of 1549 Latin American SMEs conducted over three years in six countries. Our findings show that bribery negatively influences digitization while SME characteristics positively moderate this relationship. In addition, we show that the perceived tax burden mediates the effects of bribery on digitization.
Oxygen consumption rate during recovery from loss of equilibrium induced by warming, hypoxia, or exhaustive exercise in rainbow darter (Etheostoma caeruleum)
Authors: Borowiec Brittney G. , Firth Britney L. , Craig Paul M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAnimals routinely encounter environmental (e.g., high temperatures and hypoxia) as well as physiological perturbations (e.g., exercise and digestion) that may threaten homeostasis. However, comparing the relative threat or “disruptiveness” imposed by different stressors is difficult, as stressors vary in their mechanisms, effects, and timescales. We exploited the fact that several acute stressors can induce the loss of equilibrium (LOE) in fish to (i) compare the metabolic recovery profiles of three environmentally relevant stressors and (ii) test the concept that LOE could be used as a physiological calibration for the intensity of different stressors. We focused on Etheostoma caeruleum, a species that routinely copes with environmental fluctuations in temperature and oxygen and that relies on burst swimming to relocate and avoid predators, as our model. Using stop‐flow (intermittent) respirometry, we tracked the oxygen consumption rate (MO2) as E. caeruleum recovered from LOE induced by hypoxia (PO2 at LOE), warming (critical thermal maximum, CTmax), or exhaustive exercise. Regardless of the stressor used, E. caeruleum recovered rapidly, returning to routine MO2 within ~3 h. Fish recovering from hypoxia and warming had similar maximum MO2, aerobic scopes, recovery time, and total excess post‐hypoxia or post‐warming oxygen consumption. Though exhaustive exercise induced a greater maximum MO2 and corresponding higher aerobic scope than warming or hypoxia, its recovery profile was otherwise similar to the other stressors, suggesting that “calibration” to a physiological state such as LOE may be a viable conceptual approach for investigators interested in questions related to multiple stressors, cross tolerance, and how animals cope with challenges to homeostasis.