bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular Recognition of Small‐Cell Lung Cancer Cells Using Aptamers
Authors: Chen Hui William , Medley Colin D. , Sefah Kwame , Shangguan Dihua , Tang Zhiwen , Meng Ling , Smith Josh E. , Tan Weihong 
Published: March 2008

AbstractEarly diagnosis is the way to improve the rate of lung cancer survival, but is almost impossible today due to the lack of molecular probes that recognize lung cancer cells sensitively and selectively. We developed a new aptamer approach for the recognition of specific small‐cell lung cancer (SCLC) cell‐surface molecular markers. Our approach relies on cell‐based systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (cell‐SELEX) to evolve aptamers for whole live cells that express a variety of surface markers representing molecular differences among cancer cells. When applied to different lung cancer cells including those from patient samples, these aptamers bind to SCLC cells with high affinity and specificity in various assay formats. When conjugated with magnetic and fluorescent nanoparticles, the aptamer nanoconjugates could effectively extract SCLC cells from mixed cell media for isolation, enrichment, and sensitive detection. These studies demonstrate the potential of the aptamer approach for early lung cancer detection.
Surgical versus radiographic determination of para‐aortic lymph node metastases before chemoradiation for locally advanced cervical carcinoma
Authors: Gold Michael A. , Tian Chunqiao , Whitney Charles W. , Rose Peter G. , Lanciano Rachelle 
Published: March 2008

AbstractBACKGROUNDPatients with cervical cancer who had negative para‐aortic lymph nodes (PALNs) identified by pretreatment surgical staging were compared with patients who had only radiographic exclusion of PALN metastases before they received treatment with pelvic radiation and brachytherapy (RT) plus cisplatin (C)‐based chemotherapy.METHODSPatients who participated in 1 of 3 Phase III Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG) trials (GOG 85, GOG 120, and GOG 165) and who were assigned randomly to receive either RT plus C or RT plus C combined with 5‐fluorouracil with or without hydroxyurea comprised this retrospective analysis. Patients who had negative PALN status determined by surgical sampling (mandatory in GOG 85 and GOG 120 and optional in GOG 165) were compared with patients who had negative PALN status determined radiographically (GOG 165).RESULTSFive hundred fifty‐five patients underwent surgical PALN sampling (the S group), and 130 patients underwent radiographic evaluation only (the R group). Age, race, histology, and tumor grade were similar. Patients in the R group had better performance status (P < .01), less advanced stage (P = .023), and smaller tumor size (P = .004) compared with patients in the S group, although patients with stage III and IV disease in the S group had better 4‐year progression‐free survival (48.9% vs 36.3%) and overall survival (54.3% vs 40%) compared with patients in the R group. In multivariate analysis, the R group was associated independently with a poorer prognosis compared with the S group (for disease progression: hazard ratio [HR], 1.35, 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.01–1.81; for death: HR, 1.46, 95% CI, 1.08–1.99).CONCLUSIONSSurgical exclusion (compared with radiographic exclusion) of positive PALNs in patients with cervical cancer who received chemoradiation (RT plus C‐based chemotherapy) had a significant prognostic impact. Cancer 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society.
Efficacy of stereotactic radiosurgery as a salvage treatment for recurrent malignant gliomas
Authors: Kong Doo‐Sik , Lee Jung‐Il , Park Kwan , Kim Jong Hyun , Lim Do‐Hoon , Nam Do‐Hyun 
Published: March 2008

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe objective of this prospective cohort study was to determine the efficacy of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) as a salvage treatment in patients with recurrent malignant gliomas.METHODSBetween January 2000 and December 2006, 114 consecutive patients were treated with SRS as a salvage treatment for recurrent malignant gliomas at a single institution. Clinical outcome and its prognostic factors were analyzed and compared with the historical control group who were treated at the same institution between 1995 and 1999.RESULTSThe median overall survival from the time of diagnosis was 37.5 months (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 11.7–63.2 months) for patients with grade 3 gliomas (according to World Health Organization criteria) and was 23months (95% CI, 16.2–29.3 months) for patients with glioblastomas. The median progression‐free survival after SRS was 8.6 months (95% CI, 1.1–16.2 months) for patients with grade 3 gliomas and 4.6 months for patients with glioblastomas (95% CI, 4.0–5.2 months). With regard to treatment‐related complications, radiation‐induced necrosis was observed in 22 of 114 patients (24.4%). Compared with this historic control group, SRS significantly prolonged survival as a salvage treatment in patients with recurrent glioblastomas (23 months vs 12 months; P < .0001), but it was not found to provide a significant surgical benefit in patients with recurrent grade 3 gliomas (37.5 months vs 26 months; P = .789). On univariate analysis of prognostic factors, tumor volume (<10 mL) and low histologic grade were found to significantly influence better survival (P = .009 and P = .041, respectively).CONCLUSIONSSRS is a safe and effective modality in selected patients with recurrent small‐sized glioblastomas. However, the efficacy of SRS for recurrent grade 3 gliomas needs to be further evaluated in well‐designed clinical studies. Cancer 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society.
Experience with 31 sentinel lymph node biopsies for sarcomas and carcinomas in pediatric patients
Authors: Kayton Mark L. , Delgado Ruby , Busam Klaus , Cody Hiram S. , Athanasian Edward A. , Coit Daniel , La Quaglia Michael P. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractBACKGROUNDFew data exist regarding techniques, indications, and outcomes for sentinel lymph node biopsy in pediatric patients with sarcomas and carcinomas.METHODSA retrospective 10‐year review was conducted, with Institutional Review Board waiver, of the pathology, lymphoscintigraphy, and clinical records for all pediatric patients selected to undergo sentinel lymph node biopsy at a major cancer center.RESULTSThirty‐one sentinel lymph node biopsies were performed in 30 pediatric patients (median age, 12 years; range, 2–21 years). With the administration of technetium 99m sulfur colloid, sentinel lymph nodes were identified preoperatively in 30 of 31 cases, and intraoperatively in the remaining case. Radiotracer alone was used in 13 of 31 cases but was supplemented with isosulfan blue dye in the remaining 18 cases. There were no complications. Positive sentinel lymph nodes occurred in 1 of 9 patients with rhabdomyosarcoma and in 2 of 5 patients with breast cancer, and in both of these diseases the sentinel lymph node results helped guide treatment decisions. No other patients had positive sentinel lymph nodes, and among those with nonrhabdomyosarcoma soft‐tissue sarcomas there were no lymph node basin recurrences despite a lack of lymph node basin irradiation or formal lymph node dissection. The median follow‐up was 48 months (range, 0‐111 months).CONCLUSIONSSentinel lymph node biopsy for pediatric soft‐tissue tumors can be performed safely, and the results can alter treatment decisions both for children with rhabdomyosarcoma and adolescents with breast cancer. In patients with nonrhabdomyosarcoma soft‐tissue sarcoma, we observed no positive sentinel lymph nodes and no lymph node basin recurrences; these data should prompt the prospective study of sentinel lymph node biopsy as a modality that might help guide the administration or withholding of regional therapy among pediatric patients with nonrhabdomyosarcoma soft‐tissue sarcoma. Cancer 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society.
Trigonal‐Pyramidal Tetra‐Sandwich Complexes as 3D NLOphores
Authors: Steffens Stefan , Prosenc Marc H. , Heck Jürgen , Asselberghs Inge , Clays Koen 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThe Negishi cross‐coupling reaction of 1,3,5‐trihalobenzene with ferrocenyl‐ and ruthenocenyllithium, yields the corresponding 1,3,5‐trimetallocenylated benzene derivatives in good yield, when 1,3,5‐triiodobenzene is used. In a subsequent stacking reaction with the cationic (η5‐cyclopentadienyl)ruthenium(II) and (η5‐pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)ruthenium(II) half‐sandwich complexes to the centralbenzene ring, the trigonal‐pyramidal tetra‐sandwich complexes (η5‐cyclopentadienyl)(η6‐1,3,5‐triferrocenylbenzene)ruthenium(II) hexafluorophosphate (4), (η5‐pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)(η6‐1,3,5‐triferrocenylbenzene)ruthenium(II) hexafluorophosphate (5) and (η5‐cyclopentadienyl)(η6‐1,3,5‐triruthenocenylbenzene)ruthenium(II) hexafluorophosphate (6) are formed. X‐ray structure analyses of the complexes 4 and 6 confirm the trigonal‐pyramidal architecture composed of four sandwich units. Cyclic voltammetric studies of the ferrocenyl‐containing complexes 4 and 5 reveal only one reversible redox couple with a peak separation of ΔEp < 80 mV, demonstrating a negligible mutual electronic influence of the ferrocenes in all meta positions. The positive charge of the central sandwich cation shifts the oxidation potential anodically to +186(5) and +154(5) mV vs. ferrocene/ferrocenium for 4 and 5, respectively. Based on a charge/NMR shift correlation, the charge flow from the metallocenes to the central sandwich unit can be calculated. Concerning the second harmonic generation (SHG), 4 demonstrates a larger first hyperpolarizability β than the all‐ruthenium congener 6 due to the better electron‐donating properties of the ferrocene substituents. The structural data, the redox behaviour and the experimentally obtained charge flow from the donor to the acceptor units are in good agreement with the results of corresponding DFT calculations. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Donor and ate‐Coordination in Rare‐Earth Metal Bis(dimethylsilyl)amide Complexes
Authors: Meermann Christian , Gerstberger Gisela , Spiegler Michael , Törnroos Karl W. , Anwander Reiner 
Published: March 2008

AbstractComplete thf donor exchange is observed when complexes Ln[N(SiHMe2)2]3(thf)2 (Ln = La, Nd) are treated with the monofunctional donor molecules triphenylphosphane oxide, N‐methylimidazole, and 1,3‐dimethylimidazolin‐2‐ylidene. The resulting complexes Ln[N(SiHMe2)2]3(donor)2 exhibit a trigonal‐bipyramidal coordination geometry with the donor molecules located in the apical positions. Bifunctional chelating donors 1,10‐phenanthroline, 1,2‐bis(dimethylphosphanyl)ethane, and N,N,N′,N′‐tetramethylethylenediamine give discrete complexes Ln[N(SiHMe2)2]3(phen) (Ln = Sc, La, Nd), Nd[N(SiHMe2)2]3(dmpe), and La[N(SiHMe2)2]3(tmeda). The phen adducts are isostructural as demonstrated for the large Nd3+ and small Sc3+ centers by X‐ray structure analyses and display a distorted square‐pyramidal coordination geometry in the solid state. The distinct coordination of various donor molecules implies subtle changes of the Si–H bonding which can be straightforwardly examined by NMR and FTIR spectroscopy. Ate complex {Y[N(SiHMe2)2]4Li}2 can be isolated and crystallized from Y(OTf)3–Li[N(SiHMe2)2]–hexane reaction mixtures. Dimerization is accomplished by unusual intermolecular Li···H–Si interactions.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Changes in sialylation of low‐density lipoprotein in coronary artery disease
Authors: Goodarzi Mohammad Taghi , Rezaei Mohsen , Moadel Esmaeil , Homayounfar Shahram , Safari Mohammad Reza 
Published: March 2008

AbstractReduction of LDL sialylation may correlate with coronary artery disease (CAD), but the details of this modification and its effect on CAD are not well studied. This study was aimed to show desialylation of LDL and to reveal more details of this modification. Blood samples were collected from 16 patients with CAD and 25 healthy individuals. Serum sialic acid was determined. LDL was extracted from all samples, and the interaction of the extracted materials with lectins (MAA, SNA, and DSA) was studied using the lectin blotting method. Serum total sialic acid (TSA) concentrations in CAD patients and healthy individuals were 71.9 ± 2.66 and 60.76 ± 2.34 mg/dL, respectively, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (p <0.001). The intensity of interaction of extracted LDL with SNA and MAA lectins was lower in CAD patients compared to that in normal subjects (p <0.001). The intensity of interaction of LDL with DSA was higher in CAD (p <0.001). There was a reverse correlation between TSA and intensity of LDL interaction with SNA and MAA in both groups, but in the case of DSA this correlation was direct and positive. These findings indicated an increase in desialylation of LDL in CAD. It was concluded that LDL was subjected to glycosylation changes in CAD and that there was a positive correlation between TSA and the desialylated form of LDL. This modification may contribute to the pathogenesis of CAD.
The effect of phytosterol concentration on oxidative stability and thermal polymerization of heated oils
Authors: Winkler Jill K. , Warner Kathleen 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThis study determined the effect of adding mixed phytosterols, at various concentrations, on the thermal polymerization and oxidative stability index (OSI) of soybean and high‐oleic sunflower oils. The indigenous tocopherols and phytosterols were removed from the oils by molecular distillation. Pure phytosterols were added back to these stripped oils at concentrations of 0.25, 0.5, 1, and 2.5 wt‐%. These oils were heated at 180 °C, and triacylglycerol dimers and polymers, fatty acid composition, and residual phytosterols were determined. Added phytosterols at 1 and 2.5% significantly decreased thermal polymerization of stripped soybean oil over 8 h. Phytosterols at 2.5% significantly increased polymerization of stripped high‐oleic sunflower oil over 12 h. Added phytosterols did not affect the loss of polyunsaturated fatty acids in either oil. The decomposition of the added phytosterols was followed in both oils during the heating study. The loss of phytosterols in soybean oil ranged from 7 to 13%, while loss in stripped high‐oleic sunflower oil ranged from 13 to 20%. Phytosterols added at 1 and 2.5% significantly decreased the OSI for stripped high‐oleic sunflower oil. This research shows that added phytosterols, especially at higher concentrations, will have an impact on the thermal and oxidative stability of oils.
Do not use the Friedewald formula to calculate LDL‐cholesterol in hypercholesterolaemic rats
Authors: Sanchez‐Muniz Francisco J. , Bastida Sara 
Published: March 2008

AbstractReputable calculations such as the Friedewald formula are used extensively to determine LDL‐cholesterol (LDL‐C) values from known total cholesterol, triacylglycerol and HDL‐cholesterol (HDL‐C) levels. To the best of our knowledge, however, the validity of this equation has not yet been confirmed in rats. The aim of the present study is to give some insights as to why this formula must be used carefully in rats, and to find cut‐off points below which this formula can be considered reliable. Sera of 54 rats with different cholesterol, triacylglycerol and HDL‐C levels were tested. LDL was isolated by ultracentrifugation and LDL‐C measured by an enzymatic colorimetric method and compared against LDL‐C obtained by the formula. In rats whose serum cholesterol was <100 mg/dL, or whose HDL‐C constituted ≥75% of total cholesterol, or whose cholesterol/phospholipids ratio was <1, or whose serum did not contain β‐VLDL, LDL‐C obtained by both methods did not significantly differ. Under other conditions, however, and particularly in hypercholesterolaemic rats who did present β‐VLDL, the results clearly show that the Friedewald formula overestimates LDL‐C levels. In conclusion, (VLDL + LDL)‐C instead of VLDL‐C and LDL‐C must be used when ultracentrifugation or other alternative methods are not available to measure LDL‐C in hypercholesterolaemic rats.
Functionalized 2,5‐Dipyridinylpyrroles by Electrochemical Reduction of 3,6‐Dipyridinylpyridazine Precursors
Authors: Bakkali Hicham , Marie Cécile , Ly Akarim , Thobie‐Gautier Christine , Graton Jérôme , Pipelier Muriel , Sengmany Stéphane , Léonel Eric , Nédélec Jean‐Yves , Evain Michel , Dubreuil Didier 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThe ring contraction of pyridinylpyridazine derivatives into the corresponding pyrroles by electrochemical reduction was studied, and the influence of the substituents of the pyridazine precursors on the process is discussed. Cyclic voltammetry studies underlines the electron‐withdrawing or ‐donating effect of the substituent on the pyridazine ring, which determines the reaction pathway of their preparative electrolysis. The ring‐contraction process, with extrusion of nitrogen, proceeds by two subsequent two‐electron, two‐proton processes via a 1,2‐dihydropyridazine intermediate. The latter can either rearrange into an isolable 1,4‐dihydropyridazine or undergo formation of pyrroles by disproportionation or by a second electrochemical reduction involving two‐electrons and two protons. X‐ray structure, fluorescence spectra, and conformational analysis of pyridinylpyrrole sequences supported this study. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Switchable Fluorescent and Solvatochromic Molecular Probes Based on 4‐Amino‐N‐methylphthalimide and a Photochromic Diarylethene
Authors: Yan Sergey F. , Belov Vladimir N. , Bossi Mariano L. , Hell Stefan W. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractNew fluorescent photochromic compounds (1‐H and 1‐Boc) have been synthesized and characterized in different solvents. The fluorescence emission can be switched “on” and “off” with visible light and UV, respectively, by means of the photochromic reaction. The emission wavelength and efficiency strongly depend on the polarity of the solvent. The compounds show a positive solvatochromic effect in the emission maxima, and their fluorescence quantum yield decreases as the solvent's polarity increases (from cyclohexane to dioxane). In solvents more polar than dioxane the emission is too weak and therefore undetectable, and thus 1‐H and 1‐Boc behave as “normal” photochromic compounds. The photochromic reaction is also sensitive to the environment. A decrease of more than an order of magnitude was found for the quantum yield of the colouring reaction (ΦOF→CF) for 1‐H in ethanol compared with cyclohexane, and an about threefold decrease in ΦOF→CF was observed for the compound 1‐Boc in polar solvents (compared with apolar solvents). For both compounds the ring‐opening reaction was found not to dependent on the solvent. The novel fluorescent molecular switches 1‐H and 1‐Boc are able to probe the polarity of their microenvironment. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Crotylation of Aldehydes by Crotyltins: Discrimination between Mechanisms Involving Transmetallation or Simple Lewis Acid Assistance through the Consideration of the Stereochemistry of the Corresponding Homoallylic Alcohols (Eur. J. Org. Chem. 10/2008)
Authors: Fargeas Valérie , Zammattio Françoise , Chrétien Jean‐Mathieu , Bertrand Marie‐Jo , Paris Michaël , Quintard Jean‐Paul 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThe cover picture shows the different pathways that can be involved in the reaction of crotyltins with aldehydes in the presence of metal salts. Depending on the experimental conditions, the crotyltins can isomerize through 1,3‐metallotropy or transmetallate with metal salts. The ratio of E/Z linear homoallylic alcohols and the ratio of syn/anti branched homoallylic alcohols are used to discriminate between these pathways. Details are discussed in the article by F. Zammattio, J.‐P. Quintard et al. on p. 1681 ff..
Dystrophin‐dependent and ‐independent AQP4 pools are expressed in the mouse brain
Authors: Nicchia Grazia Paola , Rossi Andrea , Nudel Uri , Svelto Maria , Frigeri Antonio 
Published: March 2008

AbstractIn a recent study, we demonstrated that in the plasma membrane AQP4 is organized into several distinct large multisubunit complexes. In this study, we analysed whether these pools are similarly affected in dystrophin‐deficient mice and immunolocalized the sites of dystrophin‐dependent and ‐independent AQP4 pools. Western blot performed on two‐dimensional Blue Native/SDS‐PAGE membranes indicated that, among the AQP4 pools, it was mainly a large multisubunit complex that was specifically affected in dystrophin‐deficient mice (DP71 and mdx3cv mice). This dystrophin‐dependent AQP4 pool was immunolocalized in perivascular astrocytes, since it was found to be significantly altered in both types of dystrophin‐deficient mice. Dystrophin‐independent pools were immunolocalized in the granular cell layer of the cerebellum and in the subpial endfoot layer and ependymal cells in the brain. These data provide a better understanding on the association between AQP4 and the dystrophin‐glycoprotein complex in the central nervous system. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Sexual dysfunction in schizophrenia: focus on recent evidence
Authors: Baggaley Martin 
Published: March 2008

AbstractBackgroundAntipsychotic medications are known to be commonly associated with sexual dysfunction. Sexual dysfunction is estimated to affect 30–80% of patients with schizophrenia and is a major cause of poor quality of life. However, few comparative studies on the sexual dysfunction effects associated with antipsychotic medication have been published and the effects of the newer atypical antipsychotics have been largely unexamined.ObjectiveThis review aims to examine the latest evidence regarding the sexual function effects of different antipsychotic medications, particularly the newer prolactin‐sparing drugs, quetiapine and aripiprazole, in patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective psychosis.MethodsA literature search was conducted within PubMed/MEDLINE using the terms risperidone, haloperidol, clozapine, olanzapine, ziprasidone, quetiapine, aripiprazole; sexual dysfunction; schizophrenia. The results were limited to studies published since 2002.ResultsRecently published studies show that the relative impact of antipsychotics on sexual dysfunction can be summarised as risperidone > typical antipsychotics (haloperidol) > olanzapine > quetiapine > aripiprazole.ConclusionsThe availability of prolactin‐sparing antipsychotics should enable psychiatrists to consider and manage proactively the sexual function consequences of pharmacological intervention, thereby improving sexual side effects, which may lead to improved treatment adherence and psychiatric outcome in patients with schizophrenia. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.