bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of diagnostic accuracy of non-aspiration cytology in solid tumors
Authors: Balamurugan G , Selvaraj N , Kumar N Senthil , Kela Harish 
Published: March 2024

Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is widely accepted as a primary method for the diagnosis of thyroid lesions. An alternative to FNAC is fine-needle sampling without aspiration (FNNAC). FNAC is easy to perform, quickly and has a high degree of sensitivity and specificity and avoid unnecessary surgery. Hence the present study was performed to study the diagnostic accuracy of FNNAC with FNAC technique in solid tumors.: An observational study was carried out on 325 patients with swellings in the breast, thyroid, and soft tissues and enlarged lymph nodes in the Department of surgical oncology, Regional Cancer Centre, Government Coimbatore Medical college hospital, Coimbatore, India. A single pathologist was responsible for all cytological and histological reports. Slides of both approaches were analysed and compared using Mair et al grading methodology, which depends on five factors. The number of smears with superior quality and diagnostic accuracy is compared and analysed statistically using the 'z' test for two proportions.: FNNAC produced better smears with less haemorrhage in vascular organs like the thyroid. FNAC performed better in breast fibrous lesions such as fibroadenoma and phyllodes tumour. For malignant lumps of breast and lymph nodes, FNAC yields better material than FNNAC.: The current research shows that FNNAC is the superior approach for highly vascular organs such as the thyroid because it yields high-quality smears with less blood admixtures. Although FNAC smears were more often diagnostic, they typically yielded acceptable rather than excellent grade smears.
Predictors of mortality in acute encephalitis syndrome in children
Authors: Kiro Sameer , Majhi Subash Chandra , Nayak Himansu , Murmu Mangal Charan , Sahoo Gyana Ranjan , Meher Shitanshu Kumar , Panda Sanjukta 
Published: March 2024

Encephalitis is an important cause of morbidity, mortality and neurological sequelae in children globally. Causes are diverse and include viral and non-viral etiology as well as autoimmune processes. In the west autoimmune encephalitis are now most common than any single infectious cause, but in India infectious causes are still most common. It is critical to evaluate the immediately to reduce mortality and sequalae in Acute Encephalitis Syndrome (AES) patients. This study has been done to find out different predictors of mortality in outcome of AES at the end of hospital stay. To find out the predictors of mortality in children with acute encephalitis syndrome between age group of 1 month to 14 years. This was a cross sectional analytical study conducted over a period of two years. A total of 310 subjects were included in the study. Different clinical and laboratory parameters were taken to know the different significant predictors of mortality. A total of 310 cases were taken for the study from the age group of 1 month to 14 years. Out of these AES cases 22.5% cases died and 77.5% patients were discharged. Higher mortality was seen in 11-14 years of age group and females had higher mortality as compared to males. Only 5 variables that is refractory seizure, GCS&#60;8, features of raised ICT, shock and requirement of ventilatory support were found to be significant (p&#60;0.05) in predictors of mortality. Other variables like age, sex, socioeconomic status, fever altered sensorium, seizure, meningeal sign, laboratory investigations like serum sodium, total leucocyte count, serum creatinine, duration of hospitalisation were not found to be significant(p&#62;0.05). AES is a disorder of multiple and varying etiology with significant mortality and morbidity. Early diagnosis, appropriate investigation, prompt management go a long way in reducing mortality and sequalae in AES. Refractory seizure, Glasgow Coma Score&#60;8, features of raised Intracranial Tension, Shock and requirement of ventilatory support prognosticate the outcome of Acute Encephalitis Syndrome.
Evaluation of serological tests in the diagnosis of scrub typhus
Authors: Ram Mohan MVNL , Jamakayala Shiva Prasad , K Subhada , Sudha Talasila , V.D Teja , Pamidimukkala Umabala 
Published: March 2024

Scrub typhus is a leading cause of acute undifferentiated febrile illness in India. Overlapping clinical presentation and very low incidence of characteristic eschar makes serology the main stay of diagnosis. IgM ELISA is the most common test performed in tertiary care centres along with rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) and Weil Felix with varying sensitivity and specificityThe present study was conducted to compare the RDT’s and Weil Felix with IgM ELISA and analyse the demographic and clinical profile of scrub positive patientsSerum samples from clinically suspected scrub typhus patients admitted in a tertiary care hospital were tested by Weil Felix, RDT and IgM ELISA. Scrub typhus was confirmed in 38 of the 100 clinically suspected patients by IgM ELISA. Fever was the most common presenting symptom with significant proportion of patients being exposed to vegetation (p=0.0001).Sensitivity of Weil Felix and RDT was 42.1% and 84.2% respectively. Acute Kidney injury was the most common complication and mortality rate was 7.9%.Weil Felix is not a reliable test for scrub typhus diagnosis due to low sensitivity. Results of positive RDT’s can used for early initiation of specific treatment and IgM ELISA can be used as a confirmatory test in highly suspected cases.
Scrub typhus among patients with acute febrile illness in a tertiary health care centre
Authors: Jagadevi  , Priya B Sai , K S Sudhindra , DS Shubha , A Sumanta 
Published: March 2024

Scrub typhus, caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi and transmitted by bite of larval trombiculid mite of the Leptotrombidium genus and is a vector borne zoonotic disease. It has been predominantly reported from Southeast Asia, the Asian Pacific Rim, and Australia. The incidence of this disease is increased in India. These patients show an acute undifferentiated febrile illness and laboratory confirmation is essential. Delay in diagnosis may be fatal. : To assess the Scrub typhus burden among acute febrile illness patients. This Cross-sectional study, conducted in Dept. of Microbiology, Basaveshwara Medical College & Hospital, Chitradurga, Karnataka, India. Study duration was from August 2020 to January 2021. In this study, a total of 100 febrile illness patients were involved. Among them, 66 were males and 34 females. Under aseptic conditions, venous blood samples were collected from all subjects. Serum was separated by centrifugation, aliquoted, and stored at −20°C for further testing. The serum sample was tested for scrub typhus IgM ELISA using the INBIOS kit. Samples were also checked for dengue fever, typhoid fever, leptospirosis, and malaria. The serum samples that tested positive for any other infectious disease mentioned above (with or without detectable rickettsial antibodies) were excluded from the study. Data was represented in numbers and percentages. : In this study, out of 100 samples 30 were seropositive. Of the 30 seropositive scrub typhus cases, women were 11 (37%) and men were 19 (63%), suggesting that seropositivity was more in men than women. Among the seropositive cases, maximum number of the cases were in 16-30 years (33%) of age, followed by 31–45 years (23%). In this study, more number of positive cases 17 (56.6%) were found during the post-monsoon season i.e., October and November 2020. Fever, the most common symptom (100%). Headache, reported in (70 %) of cases, myalgia (40%), abdominal pain (37%), cough (23%), vomiting (20%), lymphadenopathy (17%), rashes (13%), hepato-spleenomegaly (10%), eschar (3%). The study results may conclude that Scrub typhus seropositivity rate was higher in males than females and also to be included in differential diagnosis of fever of unknown origin.
Arginine in sickle cell vaso-occlusive crisis: A randomised placebo control trial
Authors: Murmu Mangal Charan , Majhi Subash Chandra , Nayak Himansu , Kiro Sameer , Patil Santosh , Meher Shitanshu Kumar , Panda Sanjukta 
Published: March 2024

Sickle cell disease is one of the most common hemoglobinopathies in India. A vaso-occlusive crisis is one of the most common indications for hospitalization, it accounts for 70% of hospitalization. To compare efficacy of Arginine in vaso-occlusive episode(VOE) management in terms of mean fall in pain score at discharge between intervention (Arginine) & placebo group among sickled children with skeletal vaso-occlusive crisis between 2-14 years of age. This randomized placebo control study was carried out after getting clearance from the institutional ethical & research committee, from November 2019 to October 2021 in the Indoor of Pediatrics Department, Veer Surendra Sai Institute of Medical Science (VIMSAR), Burla, Sambalpur. There is significant fall in pain score in case group as compared with control group as evidenced by p value being less than 0.001, indicating that l-arginine has significant role in reducing sickle cell vaso-occlusive episode. Mean Length of stay (LOS) in hospital in case group was 2.16, while in control group was 2.69. p value being calculated showed the value to be less than 0.001, which shows importance of l-arginine in reducing in mean length of stay in hospitalization. L-arginine plays a vital role in treating vaso-occlusive episodes. It helps to reduce the pain gradually as evidenced by noting down pain score at the time of admission & every 24 hours of therapy till discharge. It also helps to reduce the mean duration of hospitalization in vaso-occlusive episode.
The Use of Compound Words in the Guardian News Website
Authors: Artawan I Gede Widia , Nugraha Putra I Gusti Bagus Wahyu , Arcana Putra I Wayan Heka 
Published: March 2024

This study aims to find out the types of compound words and formation of compound words found in the Guardian News Websites. The data were classified and analyzed by applying the theory from Delahunty & Garvey (2010) and supported by the theory from McCarthy (2002), about the types and the formation of compound words. This study applied descriptive qualitative research and the data were collected using observation and documentation technique. The results of this study found that there were 164 compound words in fourteen selected news articles on the Guardian News Website. The first result showed that there are four types of compound words found in this study: 101 (62%) compound nouns, 33 (20%) compound verbs, 25 (15%) compound adjectives, and 5 (3%) prepositions compound. The second result showed that there are four types of compound word formation: 103 (63%) closed compound, 29 (18%) open compound, 22 (13%) hyphenated compound, and 10 (6%) mixed compound.
FAMILY PERCEPTION OF LIFE-SUSTAINING TREATMENT WITHDRAWAL IN PATIENT WITH SEVERE BRAIN INJURY: A QUALITATIVE STUDY IN BANDUNG-INDONESIA
Authors: Hidayat Gezira Azka Aulia , Huspa Fitri Agustina , Syukriani Yoni Fuadah 
Published: March 2024

Background: The decision-making process for withdrawing life-sustaining treatment (LST) in patients with severe brain injury can potentially become a problem between doctor and family because of different opinions.

Objective: Explore the family consideration in withdrawing LST in patients with severe brain injury.

Methods: This qualitative descriptive study with phenomenological approach conducted using semi-structured in-depth interview. Subjects were family members of coma patients due to severe brain injury and were admitted to the Intensive Care Unit in Hasan Sadikin General Hospital during January 2019 - December 2020.

Results: The results of the five-participant interview showed that the considerations for withdrawing LST include: (1) the patient's condition, (2) family psychology, (3) resources, and (4) family beliefs.

Conclusion: Doctors need to understand the family's considerations in terminating LST to bridge the inner conflicts that occur in the patient's family.
CHARACTERISTICS VISUM ET REPERTUM OF LIVE VICTIMS AT BHAYANGKARA POLDA DIY HOSPITAL (2014-2016)
Authors: Eko Andhiriawan , Utami Handayani Dwi , Siswoputro Andy Yok 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang : RS.Bhayangkara POLDA DIY adalah salah satu RS yang melayani pemeriksaan klinis dan membuat laporan visum et repertum. Di dalamnya terdapat karakteristik yang dapat diamati.
Tujuan : Melihat karakteristik VeR hidup RS. Bhayangkara POLDA DIY 01 Januari 2014-31 Desember 2016
Metode : Deskriptif retrospektif crossectional dengan metode total sampling.
Hasil dan Pembahasan : Data VeR hidup selama 3 tahun berjumlah 46 dokumen yang terbagi : 10 (2014), 7 (2015), dan 29 (2016). Jenis : 28 perlukaan, 18 susila, 0 psikiatrik. Penyebab luka : 4 fisik, 23 mekanik, dan 1 zat kimia. Usia terbanyak 22-40, paling sedikit 0-5 tahun. Jenis kelamin : 25 lelaki dan 21 perempuan. Derajat luka : 17 (derajat 1), 7 (derajat 2), dan 4 (derajat 3). Derajat 1, derajat luka terbanyak (70 %). 22-40 tahun,usia terbanyak (40 %).Waktu terbanyak, bulan Februari (11) dan paling sedikit Juli. Wilayah terbanyak, Polda DIY (11). Ditreskrimmum Polda DIY, wilayah paling banyak (30 %). Lelaki, jenis kelamin terbanyak (55 %).
Kesimpulan : Jumlah VeR hidup terbanyak, tahun 2016 (61 %). Jenis terbanyak adalah VeR perlukaan, (65 %). Kekerasan mekanik adalah penyebab luka terbanyak (88 %).
Kata Kunci : Karakteristik, Visum et Repertum Hidup, RS.Bhayangkara POLDA DIY.
Application of Carbon Fiber Microelectrode as a Sensor for Apocynin Electroanalysis
Authors: Michalkiewicz Slawomir , Skorupa Agata , Jakubczyk Magdalena , Bębacz Karolina 
Published: March 2024

In this study, a carbon fiber microelectrode (CF) was applied for the investigation of electrochemical behavior and determination of natural antioxidant, apocynin (APO). Given the limited solubility of APO in water, a mixture of anhydrous acetic acid (AcH) with 20%, v/v acetonitrile (AN) and 0.1 mol L-1 sodium acetate (AcNa) was used. The electrochemical properties of APO were examined through linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The anodic oxidation of APO, which is the basis of the method used, proved to be diffusion-controlled and proceeded with a two-electron and one proton exchange. Both radicals and radical cations, arising from the first and second step of electrode reactions, respectively, underwent subsequent chemical transformations to yield more stable final products (EqCiEiCi mechanism). Using optimized DPV conditions, the anodic peak current of APO at potential of 0.925 V vs Ag/AgCl showed a good linear response within the concentration range of 2.7×10-6 – 2.6×10-4 mol L-1. The detection and quantification limits were determined as 8.9×10-7 and 2.7×10-6 mol L-1, respectively. The developed DPV method enabled the successful determination of APO in herbal extracts and in dietary supplements. It should be noted that this is the first method of voltammetric determination of APO.
Long-term safety and efficacy of COVE study open-label and booster phases
Authors: Baden Lindsey , Sahly Hana El , Essink Brandon , Follmann Dean , Hachigian Gregory , Strout Cynthia , Overcash J. Scott , Doblecki-Lewis Susanne , Whitaker Jennifer , Anderson Evan , Neuzil Kathleen , Corey Lawrence , Priddy Frances , Tomassini Joanne , Brown Mollie , Girard Bethany , Stolman Dina , Urdaneta Veronica , Wang Xiaowei , Deng Weiping , Zhou Honghong , Dixit Avika , Das Rituparna , Miller Jacqueline 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Vaccination with two injections of mRNA-1273 (100-μg) was shown to be safe and efficacious at preventing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the Coronavirus Efficacy (COVE) trial at completion of the blinded part of the study. We present the final report of the longer-term safety and efficacy data of the primary vaccination series plus a 50-μg booster dose administered in Fall 2021. The booster safety profile was consistent with that of the primary series. Incidences of COVID-19 and severe COVID-19 were higher during the Omicron BA.1 than Delta variant waves and boosting versus non-boosting was associated with significant reductions for both. In an exploratory Cox regression model adjusted for time-varying covariates, a longer interval between primary vaccination and boosting was associated with a significantly lower incidence of COVID-19 during the Omicron BA.1 wave. Boosting elicited greater immune responses against ancestral SARS-CoV-2 than the primary series, irrespective of prior SARS-CoV-2 infection.
ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04470427
Estimating Maternal Effects on Yield Traits in F 1 Hybrids of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Using a Modified Diallel Cross Model
Authors: Omale Baruch Bamiyo , Uguru Michael Ifeanyi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

This study aimed to compare the effects of General Combining Ability (GCA) and Specific Combining Ability (SCA) before and after partitioning, and to assess each parent's contribution to its cross combination while detecting the significance of maternal effects on tomato fruit traits. Three tomato lines were crossbred in a 3 x 3 diallel cross design to produce F1 hybrids, which were evaluated alongside their respective parents using a Randomized Complete Block Design with four replications. Findings revealed that GCA effects estimated through Griffing’s method were consistent with the average GCA effects of each parent after partitioning in the proposed model. Additionally, the difference between female and male GCA effects provided a reliable estimation of maternal effects, particularly for additive alleles, as corroborated by Hayman analysis for traits such as seed number, weight, and yield. SCA effects calculated through Griffing’s method mirrored the average SCA effects of each cross and its reciprocal, while the proposed model showed that the difference between SCA effects of each cross and its reciprocal equaled reciprocal effects, demonstrating the precise estimation of reciprocal effects in capturing the interaction between nuclear and cytoplasmic genes in the cross and its reciprocal hybrid.
Light-driven Electrodynamics and Demagnetization in FenGeTe2 (n = 3, 5) Thin Films
Authors: Lupi Stefano , Tomarchio Luca , Polewczyk Vincent , Mosesso Lorenzo , MARTY Alain , Macis Salavatore , Jamet Matthieu , Bonell Frédéric 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Two-dimensional materials-based ultrafast spintronics is expected to surpass conventional data storage and manipulation technologies, that are now reaching their fundamental limits. The newly discovered van der Waals (VdW) magnets provide a new platform for ultrafast spintronics since their magnetic and electrical properties can be tuned by many external factors, such as strain, voltage, magnetic field, or light absorption for instance. Here, we report on the direct relationship between magnetic order and Terahertz (THz) electrodynamics in FenGeTe2 (n = 3, 5) (FGT) films after being illuminated by a femtosecond optical pulse, studying their ultrafast THz response as a function of the optical pump-THz probe temporal delay. In Fe5GeTe2, we find clear evidence that light-induced electronic excitations directly influence THz electrodynamics similarly to a demagnetization process, contrasting with the effects observed in Fe3GeTe2, which are characterized by a thermal energy transfer among electrons, magnons, and phonons. We address these effects as a function of the pump fluence and pump-probe delay, and by tuning the temperature across the magnetic ordering Curie temperature, highlighting the microscopic mechanisms describing the out-of-equilibrium evolution of the THz conductivity. Finally, we find evidence for the incoherent-coherent crossover predicted by the Kondo-Ising scenario in Fe3GeTe2 and successfully simulate its light-driven electrodynamics through a three-temperature model. As indicated by these results, FGT surpasses conventional metals in terms of modulating its properties using an optical lever.
Temporal changes in the size-resolved fractions of bacterial aerosols in urban and semi-urban residences
Authors: Grydaki N , Colbeck Ian , Whitby Corinne 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Despite the significant amount of time spent in the domestic environment, culture-independent size distribution data of bioaerosols are largely missing. This study investigated the temporal changes in size-resolved bacterial aerosols in urban and semi-urban residential settings. Overall, airborne bacterial taxa identified in both sites were dispersed across particles of various sizes. qPCR analysis showed that outdoors bacteria dominated particles > 8 µm, whilst indoor bacterial loadings were greater with 1–2 µm (winter) and 2–4 µm (summer) ranges. Indoor and outdoor aerosols harboured distinct bacterial communities due to the dominance of human-associated taxa (Staphylococcus, Micrococcus, Corynebacterium) in indoor air. The aerosol microbiome exhibited significant temporal variation, with Actinobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria and Bacilli predominant indoors, whereas Actinobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria were the most abundant taxa outdoors. The variation between the two residences was mostly driven by particles < 2 µm, whereas differences between indoors and outdoors were mostly influenced by particles > 2 µm. Source-tracking analysis estimated that household surfaces accounted for the greatest source proportion of bacteria, surpassing that of outdoor air, which varied due to natural ventilation throughout the year. Our findings provide new insights into the factors governing the aerosol microbiome in residential environments which are crucial for exposure assessment.
Synthesis and characterization of Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles and its nanocomposite decorated with CQDs: fluorescence and stable magnetite
Authors: Farshforoush Parastou , Arsalani Nasser 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Highly stable and magnetized Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized using a simple and rapid one-step co-precipitation technique through a chemical reaction between Fe3+ and Fe2+ ions. Subsequentially, glycerin (GC) and citric acid (CA) as an organic precursor of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) source were added and two types of nanocomposites including Fe3O4@GC and Fe3O4@GC@CA were fabricated hydrothermally. The acquired nanocomposites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis. SEM micrographs revealed that Fe3O4@GC and Fe3O4@GC@CA nanocomposites have an average diameter size of 40 nm and 49.5 nm, respectively. In addition, their crystallite size was calculated using the Debye-Scherrer equation that was obtained 10.3 and 11.7 nm for Fe3O4@GC and Fe3O4@GC@CA nanocomposites, sequentially. These results indicated the proper coating of Fe3O4@GC nanocomposite with citric acid. Comparing the TGA profiles of the samples showed that a higher percentage of weight loss was reported for the Fe3O4@GC@CA nanocomposite, which was due to the addition of an excess amount of citric acid during the synthesis process. Meanwhile, the outcomes demonstrated that synthesized nanocomposites have good photoluminescence with different peaks as well as high magnetic properties that make them useful for different application fields. Furthermore, zeta potential and color stability pictures showed high stability for acquired magnetic nanocomposites.