bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Über Schwefel‐Ylide, X. Über neue, stabile Schwefel‐Ylide
Authors: König Horst , Metzger Horst 
Published: June 2007

AbstractDimethyl‐oxo‐sulfoniummethylid (1) wird durch Acylierungsmittel in isolierbare Dimethyl‐oxo‐sulfonium‐[acyl‐methylide] oder ‐[diacyl‐methylide] umgewandelt. Die Schwefelfunktion dieser neuen Ylide läßt sich in präparativ interessanten Ausbeuten gegen zahlreiche andere funktionelle Gruppen austauschen.
Tetramethyl‐Dewar‐phthalsäure‐dimethylester
Authors: Criegee Rudolf , Zanker Fritz 
Published: June 2007

AbstractDas in der Überschrift genannte Bicyclo[2.2.0]hexadien‐Derivat konnte ausgehend von Dijod‐tetramethyl‐cyclobuten (1) und Dibrom‐ bzw. Dijodmaleinsäureanhydrid in drei Stufen in guten Ausbeuten erhalten und thermisch in Tetramethyl‐phthalsäureester verwandelt werden.
Über Silikone, XCVIII. Fluorierung von Tris‐trichlorsilyl‐methan, ‐chlormethan sowie Tetrakis‐trichlorsilyl‐methan und Darstellung einiger entsprechender Organopentafluorosilicate
Authors: Müller Richard , Reichel Sigrid 
Published: June 2007

AbstractDie Fluorierung von Tris‐trichlorsilyl‐methan bzw. ‐chlormethan mit Antimon‐(III)‐fluorid oder auch Zinkfluorid in verschiedenen Lösungsmitteln führte zum Tris‐trifluorsilyl‐methan bzw. ‐chlormethan, allerdings verunreinigt mit Bis‐trifluorsilyl‐methan bzw. ‐chlormethan. Tetrakis‐trifluorsilyl‐methan darzustellen gelang nicht. Die hier und früher beschriebenen Trifluorsilylmethane wurden zu Organopentafluorosilicaten umgesetzt, wobei sich allerdings nur das Na2(CH2ClSiF5) in befriedigender Reinheit gewinnen ließ.
Perfluorierte Organokobalt‐ und ‐mangancarbonyle und ihr Verhalten gegenüber Stickoxid
Authors: Hieber Walter , Muschi Johannes , Duchatsch Horst 
Published: June 2007

AbstractIm Anschluß an frühere Arbeiten werden eine Reihe monophosphinsubstituierter Perfluoracyl‐ und Perfluoralkylkobalt‐ und ‐mangancarbonyle RfMe(CO)nPR3 (Rf = CF3CO, CF3, C2F5CO, C2F5, C2F7CO, C3F7; Me = Co, Mn; n = 3 bzw. 4; R = OC6H5, C6H5, C6H11) beschrieben. Die Kobaltverbindungen liefern mit Stickoxid entsprechende Alkylkobaltnitrosyle RfCo(NO)2PR3, während sich die betreffenden Manganverbindungen bei Einwirkung von NO zersetzen. Die Strukturen der Verbindungen werden anhand ihrer IR‐Spektren diskutiert.
1.3‐Dipolare Cycloadditionen, XXII. Zur Anlagerung organischer Azide an winkelgespannte Doppelbindungen
Authors: Huisgen Rolf , Möbius Leander , Müller Gerhart , Stangl Heinz , Szeimies Günter , Vernon John M. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractOrganische Azide lagern sich in exo‐Stellung an Norbornen an, wie die NMR‐Spektren der Addukte beweisen. Während die Thermolyse dieser Addukte (Δ2‐Triazoline) nebeneinander Aziridine und Azomethine ergibt, führt die Photolyse ausschließlich zu ersteren. — Norbornadien vermag ein oder zwei Moleküle Phenylazid zu addieren; das Monoaddukt erleidet beim Erhitzen eine Retro‐Diels‐Alder‐Spaltung. — Das Δ2‐Triazolin aus Benzazid und Norbornen verliert schon bei 40° Stickstoff unter Bildung eines N‐Acyl‐aziridins, das beim Erhitzen oder unter Säurekatalyse in ein ringerweitertes exo‐Oxazolin übergeht. ‐ Die Additionsgeschwindigkeit der Arylazide an die winkelgespannte Doppelbindung weist nur geringe Lösungsmittelabhängigkeit auf. Kinetische Daten zeigen den Vorzug der gespannten vor der normalen olefinischen Doppelbindung bei der Azidaddition, die mit einem einstufigen Mechanismus interpretiert wird.
An application portal for collaborative coastal modeling
Authors: Zhang Chongjie , Dekate Chirag , Allen Gabrielle , Kelley Ian , MacLaren Jon 
Published: June 2007

AbstractWe describe the background, architecture and implementation of a user portal for the SCOOP coastal ocean observing and modeling community. SCOOP is engaged in the real‐time prediction of severe weather events, including tropical storms and hurricanes, and provides operational information including wind, storm surge and resulting inundation, which are important for emergency management. The SCOOP portal, built with the GridSphere Framework, currently integrates customized Grid portlet components for data access, job submission, resource management and notification. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Investigation of WSRP support in selected open‐source portal frameworks
Authors: Yang X. , Wang X. D. , Allan R. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractWSRP (Web Services for Remote Portlets) is a promising Web services specification used to standardize presentation‐based access to remote Web portal content. In combination with the JSR‐168 standard, portlet developers are freed of doing the hard work in publishing their portlets to a remote portal: ideally it is the duty of a portal framework to publish the portlets it manages. Code reusability can now be achieved with JSR‐168 while ‘deploy once’ is achieved through WSRP. In this paper the WSRP support provided by selected open‐source portal frameworks including the eXo platform, Liferay, StringBeans and uPortal are reported. WSRP4J, which is not a portal framework but a reference implementation of the WSRP 1.0 specification, is also discussed. Based on our test results, a WSRP consumer has been developed for Sakai, a collaboration and learning environment, based on the WSRP4J consumer, which enables Sakai to consume JSR‐168 portlets. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Plug‐and‐play remote portlet publishing
Authors: Wang X. D. , Yang X. , Allan R. J. , Baker M. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractWeb Services for Remote Portlets (WSRP) is gaining attention among portal developers and vendors to enable easy development, increased richness in functionality, pluggability, and flexibility of deployment. Whilst currently not supporting all WSRP functionalities, open‐source portal frameworks could in future use WSRP Consumers to access remote portlets found from a WSRP Producer registry service. This implies that we need a central registry for the remote portlets and a more expressive WSRP Consumer interface to implement the remote portlet functions. This paper reports on an investigation into a new system architecture, which includes a Web Services repository, registry, and client interface. The Web Services repository holds portlets as remote resource producers. A new data structure for expressing remote portlets is found and published by populating a Universal Description, Discovery and Integration (UDDI) registry. A remote portlet publish and search engine for UDDI has also been developed. Finally, a remote portlet client interface was developed as a Web application. The client interface supports remote portlet features, as well as window status and mode functions. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Body‐image distortion and eating disorder: A reconceptualization based on the recent literature
Authors: Slade Peter , Brodie David 
Published: June 2007

AbstractDespite a substantial body of research over the last two decades the nature and role of body‐image distortion in the variety of eating disorders is unclear. The purpose of the present paper is to review the evidence and largely on the basis of more recent work to suggest a reconceptualization of the problem.Five sets of studies/observations, which are described in this paper, have led us to the following formulation: individuals suffering from either anorexia or bulimia nervosa do not have a fixed and implacable distorted image of their own bodies, but rather have an ‘uncertain, unstable and weak body‐image’, and that in making size estimation judgements they err on the side of caution and in consequence exhibit a bias towards overestimation of body size. It is further proposed that this judgemental bias is primarily influenced by social and cultural factors. The therapeutic implications of this reconceptualization are briefly highlighted.
Perceived parental style and eating psychopathology
Authors: Waller Glenn , Hartley Pat 
Published: June 2007

AbstractWomen with anorexic and bulimic disorders perceive their family interaction as ‘unhealthy’. However, this pattern is common to a variety of psychological disorders. Are there more specific patterns of perceived family functioning that might be associated with the psychopathology of eating disorders? This paper describes the construction and clinical validation of a Parental Style Questionnaire, measuring perceived parental disapproval and setting of standards. Women with eating disorders generally described their parents as disapproving. Anorexics saw their mothers in particular as setting abnormally high standards, while bulimics reported abnormally low standards. It is suggested that both groups experience parental disapproval as aversive and uncontrollable, and that either pattern could maintain the poor self‐esteem that is central to eating disorders. The potential uses and limitations of the PSQ as a clinical and research measure are discussed.
The extended language network: A meta‐analysis of neuroimaging studies on text comprehension
Authors: Ferstl Evelyn C. , Neumann Jane , Bogler Carsten , von Cramon D. Yves 
Published: June 2007

AbstractLanguage processing in context requires more than merely comprehending words and sentences. Important subprocesses are inferences for bridging successive utterances, the use of background knowledge and discourse context, and pragmatic interpretations. The functional neuroanatomy of these text comprehension processes has only recently been investigated. Although there is evidence for right‐hemisphere contributions, reviews have implicated the left lateral prefrontal cortex, left temporal regions beyond Wernicke's area, and the left dorso‐medial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) for text comprehension. To objectively confirm this extended language network and to evaluate the respective contribution of right hemisphere regions, meta‐analyses of 23 neuroimaging studies are reported here. The analyses used replicator dynamics based on activation likelihood estimates. Independent of the baseline, the anterior temporal lobes (aTL) were active bilaterally. In addition, processing of coherent compared with incoherent text engaged the dmPFC and the posterior cingulate cortex. Right hemisphere activations were seen most notably in the analysis of contrasts testing specific subprocesses, such as metaphor comprehension. These results suggest task dependent contributions for the lateral PFC and the right hemisphere. Most importantly, they confirm the role of the aTL and the fronto‐medial cortex for language processing in context. Hum Brain Mapp 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Predicting risk selection following major changes in medicare
Authors: Pizer Steven D. , Frakt Austin B. , Feldman Roger 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThe Medicare Modernization Act of 2003 created several new types of private insurance plans within Medicare, starting in 2006. Some of these plan types previously did not exist in the commercial market and there was great uncertainty about their prospects. In this paper, we show that statistical models and historical data from the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey can be used to predict the experience of new plan types with reasonable accuracy. This lays the foundation for the analysis of program modifications currently under consideration. We predict market share, risk selection, and stability for the most prominent new plan type, the stand‐alone Medicare prescription drug plan (PDP). First, we estimate a model of consumer choice across Medicare insurance plans available in the data. Next, we modify the data to include PDPs and use the model to predict the probability of enrollment for each beneficiary in each plan type. Finally, we calculate mean‐adjusted actual spending by plan type. We predict that adverse selection into PDPs will be substantial, but that enrollment and premiums will be stable. Our predictions correspond well to actual experience in 2006. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
New malignancies following childhood cancer in the United States, 1973–2002
Authors: Inskip Peter D. , Curtis Rochelle E. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThe objectives of our study were to quantify risks for developing new malignancies among childhood cancer survivors, identify links between particular types of first and subsequent cancer, and evaluate the possible role of treatment. A cohort of 25,965 2‐month survivors of childhood cancer diagnosed in the U.S. during 1973–2002 was identified and followed through SEER cancer registries. Observed‐to‐expected ratios (O/E) were calculated, and Poisson regression was used to compare risks among treatment groups. Childhood cancer survivors were at nearly 6‐fold risk of developing a new cancer relative to the general population (O/E = 5.9, 95% CI: 5.4–6.5). Most common were subsequent primary cancers of the female breast, central nervous system, bone, thyroid gland and soft tissue, as well as cutaneous melanoma and acute non‐lymphocytic leukemia (ANLL). The greatest risks of subsequent cancers occurred among patients diagnosed previously with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), Ewing sarcoma, primitive neuroectodermal tumor, or retinoblastoma. Risk of subsequent solid cancers was higher among persons whose initial treatment for childhood cancer included radiotherapy, whereas the excess of subsequent ANLL was strongly related to chemotherapy. The O/E for subsequent ANLL increased with increasing calendar year of initial cancer diagnosis among survivors of cancers other than HL, most likely due to increasing use of leukemogenic drugs for solid cancers and non‐Hodgkin lymphoma. Childhood cancer survivors are at markedly increased risk of developing a variety of new cancers relative to the general population, but the magnitude of excess risk and specific types of second cancer vary widely by type of first cancer. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Epstein‐Barr virus infection and risk of lymphoma: Immunoblot analysis of antibody responses against EBV‐related proteins in a large series of lymphoma subjects and matched controls
Authors: de Sanjosé Silvia , Bosch Ramon , Schouten Tabitha , Verkuijlen Sandra , Nieters Alexandra , Foretova Lenka , Maynadié Marc , Cocco Pier Luigi , Staines Anthony , Becker Nikolaus , Brennan Paul , Benavente Yolanda , Boffetta Paolo , Meijer Chris JLM , Middeldorp Jaap M 
Published: June 2007

AbstractEpstein‐Barr Virus (EBV) is consistently associated with distinct lymphoproliferative malignancies and aberrant EBV antibody patterns are found in most EBV cancer patients. We evaluate the detection of an abnormal reactive serological pattern to EBV (ab_EBV) infection and the risk of lymphoma in a multicentric case–control study. Serum samples were collected at study entry from 1,085 incident lymphoma cases from Spain, France, Germany, Czech Republic, Italy and 1,153 age, sex and country matched controls. EBV immunoglobulin G (IgG) serostatus was evaluated through a peptide‐based ELISA combining immunodominant epitopes of EBNA1 (BKRF1) and VCA‐p18 (BFRF3). Further, immunoblot analysis was performed to evaluate distinct antibody diversity patterns to EBV early antigens (EA), besides EBNA1, VCA‐p18, VCA‐p40 (BdRF1) and Zebra (BZLF1). Patients with chronic active EBV infection and aberrant EBV activity were characterized as having an abnormal reactive pattern (ab_EBV). Ab_EBV was observed in 20.9% of 2,238 included subjects with an increased proportion of cases presenting ab_EBV as compared to the control population (23.9% vs. 18.0% p = 0.001). Ab_EBV positivity was a risk factor for all lymphomas combined (odds ratio [OR] = 1.42, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.15–1.74), and specifically for chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (OR = 2.96, 95%CI = 2.22–3.95). Lower levels of ab_EBV were observed for follicular lymphoma (OR = 0.38, 95%CI = 0.15–0.98). EBV may be involved in a larger subset of lymphomas among clinically immunocompetent subjects than previously thought, probably explained by an underlying loss of immune control of EBV latent infection. Ab_EBV is a useful tool to explore EBV imbalances preceeding or paralleling possible EBV associated oncogenic events. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Tumor‐initiating potency of a novel heterocyclic amine, aminophenylnorharman in mouse colonic carcinogenesis model
Authors: Kohno Hiroyuki , Totsuka Yukari , Yasui Yumiko , Suzuki Rikako , Sugie Shigeyuki , Wakabayashi Keiji , Tanaka Takuji 
Published: June 2007

AbstractA novel heterocyclic amine, 9‐(4′‐aminophenyl)‐9H‐pyrido[3,4‐b]indole (aminophenylnorharman, APNH), which is formed from nonmutagenic 9H‐pyrido[3,4‐b]indole (norharman) and aniline, is mutagenic to bacteria and mammalian cells and potently carcinogenic in rats. APNH is detected in human urine samples, suggesting that humans are continuously exposed to APNH. In the present study, 32P‐postlabelin analysis revealed that the levels of APNH‐DNA adduct 24 hr after the treatment with APNH (1, 5 and 20 mg/kg body weight) in male ICR mice were increased in a dose‐dependent manner in the colon and liver. Based on these findings, we determined the tumor‐initiating potency of APNH in an inflammation‐related and two‐stage mouse colon carcinogenesis model. Male Crj: CD‐1 (ICR) mice were given a single intragastric administration (1, 2, 5 or 10 mg/kg body weight) of APNH and subsequent 1‐week oral exposure to dextran sodium sulfate (DSS, 2% in drinking water). Treatment with APNH and DSS resulted in numerous colon tumor development: the incidence and multiplicity of the tumors were the highest in the mice received 10 mg/kg body weight of APNH and followed by DSS. Development of colon tumors was dose‐dependent of APNH. Seven of 9 (77.8%) colonic adenocarcinomas developed in mice treated with APNH (10 mg/kg body weight) and DSS had β‐catenin gene mutations at codons 32 and 37, being predominantly transversion. These findings indicate that APNH has an initiating activity in inflamed mouse colon and the APNH‐DNA adduct formation correlates with its tumorigenic potential. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Paclitaxel and ceramide co‐administration in biodegradable polymeric nanoparticulate delivery system to overcome drug resistance in ovarian cancer
Authors: Devalapally Harikrishna , Duan Zhenfeng , Seiden Michael V. , Amiji Mansoor M. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThe objective of this study was to overcome drug resistance upon systemic administration of combination paclitaxel (PTX) and the apoptotic signaling molecule C6‐ceramide (CER) in biodegradable poly(ethylene oxide)‐modified poly(epsilon‐caprolactone (PEO‐PCL) nanoparticles. Subcutaneous sensitive (wild‐type) and multidrug resistant (MDR‐1 positive) SKOV‐3 human ovarian adenocarcinoma xenografts were established in female Nu/Nu mice. PTX and CER were administered intravenously either as a single agent or in combination in aqueous solution and in PEO‐PCL nanoparticles to the tumor‐bearing mice. There was significant (p< 0.05) tumor growth suppression in both wild‐type SKOV‐3 and multidrug resistant SKOV‐3TR models upon single dose co‐administration of PTX (20 mg/kg) and CER (100 mg/kg) in nanoparticle formulations as compared to the individual agents and administration in aqueous solutions. For instance, in SKOV‐3 wild‐type model, more than 4.3‐fold increase (p < 0.05) in tumor growth delay and 3.6‐fold (p < 0.05) increase in tumor volume doubling time (DT) were observed with the combination treatment in nanoparticles as compared to untreated animals. Similarly, 3‐fold increase (p < 0.05) in tumor growth delay and tumor volume DT was observed in SKOV‐3TR model. Body weight changes and blood cells counts were used as measures of safety and, except for an increase in platelet counts (p < 0.05) in PTX + CER treated animals, there was no difference between various treatment strategies. The results of this study show that combination of PTX and CER in biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles can serve as a very effective therapeutic strategy to overcome drug resistance in ovarian cancer. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Bayesian inference for the gravity model
Authors: Ranjan Priya , Tobias Justin L. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThis paper seeks to empirically extend the gravity model, which has been widely used to analyze volumes of trade between pairs of countries. We generalize the basic threshold tobit model by allowing for the inclusion of country‐specific effects into the analysis and also show how one can explore the relationship between trade volumes and a given covariate via a non‐parametric approach. We use our derived methodology to investigate the impact of a particular aspect of institutions—the enforcement of contracts—on bilateral trade. We find that contract enforcement matters in predicting trade volumes for all types of goods, that it matters most for the trade of differentiated goods, and that the relationship between contract enforcement and trade in our threshold tobit exhibits some nonlinearities. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
cAMP induced alterations of Chinese hamster ovary cells monitored by mass spectrometry
Authors: Spera Rosanna , Nicolini Claudio 
Published: June 2007

AbstractChinese Hamster Ovary fibroblasts (CHO‐K1) have shown different protein contents when undergoing differentiation by 3′,5′‐cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), which is known to induce reverse transformation (RT) from malignancy to fibroblast‐like characteristics. The mass spectrometry (MS) investigation here reported about the behavior of CHO‐K1 cells before and after exposure to cAMP reveals a change in the composition of nuclear proteins associated to an inhibition of the protein expression. Possible implications of this finding on the control of cell reverse transformation are discussed. J. Cell. Biochem. 102: 473–482, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Imaging of zymogen granules in fully wet cells. Evidence for restricted mechanism of granule growth
Authors: Hammel Ilan , Anaby Debbie 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThe introduction of wet SEM imaging technology permits electron microscopy of wet samples. Samples are placed in sealed specimen capsules and are insulated from the vacuum in the SEM chamber by an impermeable, electron‐transparent membrane. The complete insulation of the sample from the vacuum allows direct imaging of fully hydrated, whole‐mount tissue. In the current work, we demonstrate direct inspection of thick pancreatic tissue slices (above 400 μm). In the case of scanning of the pancreatic surface, the boundaries of intracellular features are seen directly. Thus no unfolding is required to ascertain the actual particle size distribution based on the sizes of the sections. This method enabled us to investigate the true granule size distribution and confirm early studies of improved conformity to a Poisson‐like distribution, suggesting that the homotypic granule growth results from a mechanism, which favors the addition of a single unit granule to mature granules. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The minimum number of subgraphs in a graph and its complement
Authors: Clark Lane 
Published: June 2007

AbstractFor a graphb F without isolated vertices, let M(F; n) denote the minimum number of monochromatic copies of F in any 2‐coloring of the edges of Kn. Burr and Rosta conjectured that

when F has order t, size u, and a automorphisms. Independently, Sidorenko and Thomason have shown that the conjecture is false. We give families of graphs F of order t, of size u, and with a automorphisms where

.We show also that the asymptotic value of M(F; n) is not solely a function of the order, size and number of automorphisms of F. © 1929 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
On super‐edge‐connected digraphs and bipartite digraphs
Authors: Fiol M. A. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractA maximally edge‐connected digraph is called super‐λ if every minimum edge disconnecting set is trivial, i.e., it consists of the edges adjacent to or from a given vertex. In this paper sufficient conditions for a digraph to be super‐λ are presented in terms of parameters such as diameter and minimum degree. Similar results are also given for bipartite digraphs. As a corollary, some characterizations of super‐λ graphs and bipartite graphs are obtained. © 1929 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.