bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrating Quantum Synchronization in Future Generation Networks
Authors: Nande Swaraj Shekhar , Habibie Muhammad Idham , Ghadimi Milad , Garbugli Andrea , Kondepu Koteswararao , Bassoli Riccardo , Fitzek Frank H. P. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
5G and beyond networks are expected to host several heterogeneous verticals with very different requirements in terms of latency, data rate, etc. In the case of human-machine collaboration and cohabitation, very low latency is necessary to permit the seamless remote control of robots and the transmission of sensory experience involving not only audiovisual but also tactile information. In this context, ultra-precise and reliable time synchronization is pivotal. However, existing standards like the Precision Time Protocol (PTP) are proven to be unreliable because of jitters, datagram losses, and complexity. This notifies that the increase of synchronization error from the ideal tens of nanoseconds to hundreds of microseconds is unacceptable in future generation networks. This study provides a novel way for establishing ultra-precise synchronization, which is critical for the growth of converged optical communication networks and the 6G era. We present a unique synchronization mechanism that takes advantage of the unprecedented accuracy of optical lattice clocks and frequency combs in conjunction with electronic components such as Analog-to-Digital Converters (ADCs) and Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs). Our method transforms optical pulses into precisely timed electrical signals that may be analyzed and used in sophisticated network systems. This technology assures that data transfer across networks is precisely synchronised and crucial for developing future networks where data must be synchronized over immense distances with minimal latency. Our work demonstrates feasibility and practical applicability using thorough simulations (MATLAB), moving beyond theoretical principles to implementable solutions using existing technical capabilities. The purpose of this paper is to bring femtosecond signal synchronization to nanosecond-level devices. In the simulation, we use an optical signal with a frequency of 1000 THz and downconverted to a lower microwave frequency (100 GHz) — to achieve picosecond-level synchronised signals. The downconverted signal is exposed to white noise and then digitalised. This digital signal is then simulated by reducing the sampling rate to fs = 10 THz and limiting the resolution to b = 8 bits. Finally, high-frequency noises are removed by implementing low-pass filtration using FPGAs.
Genotype-phenotype analyses of Iranian patients with and without hemophilia B Leyden: A single-center study
Authors: Moghadam Arash Ahmadfard , Manafzadeh Amir Reza , Dajliry Khadijeh , Ramezan Farahnaz , Nikoonia Mohammad Reza , Abdolkarimi Babak , Hamidpour Mohsen , Tabibian Shadi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background There is a high prevalence of inherited bleeding disorders in Iran, such as hemophilia A (HA) and hemophilia B (HB). This study aimed to analyze the molecular and clinical profiles of patients with HB.Methods A single-center study was conducted among patients with severe HB between March 20, 2000, and June 31, 2023. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification was used for all of the major regions, such as the promoter, the exons, the adjacent intronic regions, and the untranslated regions of the F9 gene. Finally, Sanger sequencing was performed on the PCR products.Results A total of 111 HB patients (17 with HB Leyden and 94 without HB Leyden) were enrolled in this study. The median age of the patients at the time of diagnosis was 12 months (IQR: 6 months to 60 months). A family history of hemophilia was reported in 64 (57.7%) of patients. The most common bleeding manifestations were hemarthrosis, bruising, and oral cavity bleeding. Among 94 patients without HB Leyden, 59 (62.8%) had missense, 21 (22.3%) had nonsense, and 8 (8.5%) had frameshift mutations. Moreover, the most frequent mutation in HB Leyden was c.-17 A > G in this study. Finally, two novel mutations (c. -14 T > C and c. -56 T > A) were identified in the promotor region.Conclusion The results of this study confirm that HB is caused by a wide range of molecular defects in Iran. Thus, by knowing the genotypes and phenotypes, we would be able to stratify the patients which is important in terms of their management and outcome.
Fine mapping of LrN3B, one of two complementary genes for adult plant leaf rust resistance on wheat chromosome arm 3BS
Authors: Wang Weidong , Li Huifang , Qiu Lina , Wang Huifang , Pan Wei , Yang Zuhuan , Wei Wenxin , Liu Nannan , Sun Junna , Hu Zhaorong , Ma Jun , Ni Zhongfu , Li Yinghui , Sun Qixin , Xie Chaojie 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

A common wheat line 4N0461 showed adult plant resistance to leaf rust. To map the causal resistance genes, two F2 populations were developed by crossing 4N0461 with susceptible Nongda4503 and Shi4185, respectively, and both segregations fit 9 (resistance):7(susceptibility) ratio, suggesting two complementary dominant resistance genes might be present in 4N0461 for the resistance to leaf rust at adult plant stage. The two genes were located on chromosome arms 3BS and 4BL and temporarily named as LrN3B and LrN4B, respectively. Subpopulations with LrN3B as the single segregating gene from 4N0461×Nongda4503 F2 were developed to finely map LrN3B. LrN3B was delineated in a genetic interval of 0.06 cM, corresponding to 106 kb based on the Chinese Spring reference genome (IWGSC RefSeq v1.1). Four genes were annotated in this region, among which TraesCS3B02G014800 and TraesCS3B02G014900 differ between resistant and susceptible genotypes and were considered as LrN3B candidates, and both were proved to be required for LrN3B resistance by virus-induced gene silencing approach. Different diagnostic markers were developed for checking the polymorphisms of these two candidate genes, which could be used for marker-assisted selection in wheat breeding programs.
Serum D-serine to total serine ratio and glycine levels as predictive biomarkers for cognitive dysfunction in frail elderly subjects
Authors: Imarisio Alberto , Yahyavi Isar , Gasparri Clara , Hassan Amber , Avenali Micol , Maio Anna Di , Buongarzone Gabriele , Galandra Caterina , Picascia Marta , Filosa Asia , Monti Maria , Pacchetti Claudio , Errico Francesco , Rondanelli Mariangela , Usiello Alessandro , Valente Enza Maria 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Frailty is a common age-related clinical syndrome characterized by a decline in the function of multiple organ systems, increased vulnerability to stressors and huge socio-economic burden. Despite recent research efforts, the physiopathological mechanisms concurring to determine frailty remain elusive and biomarkers able to predate its occurrence in the early stages are still lacking. Beyond its physical component, cognitive decline represents a critical domain of frailty associated with higher risk of adverse health outcomes.
We measured by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) a pool of serum amino acids including L-glutamate, L-aspartate, glycine and D-serine, as well as their precursors L-glutamine, L-asparagine and L-serine in a cohort of elderly subjects encompassing the entire continuum from fitness to frailty. These amino acids are known to orchestrate excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission, and in turn, to play a key role as intermediates of energy homeostasis and in liver, kidney, muscle and immune system metabolism. To comprehensively assess frailty, we employed both the Edmonton Frail Scale (EFS), as a practical tool to capture the multidimensionality of frailty, and the frailty phenotype, as a measure of physical function. We found that D-serine and D-/Total serine ratio were independent predictors of EFS but not of physical frailty. Furthermore, higher glycine levels and D-/Total serine correlated with worse cognition and depressive symptoms in the frail group. These findings suggest that altered homeostasis of D-serine may represent a biochemical signature of frailty, while increased serum glycine and D-/Total serine ratio could be specifically associated with cognitive decline and depression in frail older populations.

*Alberto Imarisio and Isar Yahyavi share first authorship
**Alessandro Usiello and Enza Maria Valente share senior authorship
How does digital trade promote carbon emissions reduction? A dual perspective on supply and demand
Authors: Zhu Huayou , Bao Weiping , Qin Manman 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Digital trade assumes a vital role in tackling critical challenges such as the mitigation of carbon emissions and the pursuit of sustainable development. This study draws upon panel data encompassing 30 provinces and municipalities in China spanning the years 2013 to 2021. By establishing an index system to gauge regional digital trade development levels, the article examines the impact mechanism and spillover effects of digital trade on carbon reduction from both the supply and demand perspectives. The research results show that: (1) Digital trade can effectively promote regional carbon reduction, with a more pronounced effect in China's central and western regions and lower carbon emissions regions. (2) Digital trade further suppresses regional carbon emissions through green technological innovation and upgrades in residential consumption structure. (3) Digital trade has spillover effect on carbon emissions, and this “neighborhood effect” is greater than the “local effect”. Digital trade provides strong support for carbon reduction and sustainable development and also provides a strategic direction for government policy formulation.
The Effect of Early Enteral Feeding on Neonatal Outcome After Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery In Assiut University Children Hospital
Authors: Tayeb Azza A. El , Abaskharon Sandy N. , Abdel-Aziz Safwat M. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

This prospective clinical trial aimed to evaluate the effect of early vs late enteral feeding after GIT surgery on neonatal outcome after surgery, weight gain, LOHS, time to reach FEF, time to pass first stool, SSI, sepsis and electrolyte disturbances. The study was conducted at Assiut University Children Hospital in one year included 84 neonates who were undergoing GIT surgery. The study included 2 groups: Group A: started EF within 2 days postoperative. Group B: started EF after 2 days postoperative according to clinician discretion based on clinical progress. Result; tolerance was significantly higher among neonates in Group A (P = 0.030). The LOHS at the post-operative time was significantly shorter among neonates in Group A compared to Group B (P < 0.001). The development of sepsis was significantly higher among neonates in Group B compared to Group A (P < 0.001). During the follow up period of the studied participants, 18 cases died with total mortality rate of (18/84, 21.4%). Among them; 2/18 (11.1%) from neonates in Group A versus 16/18 (88.9%) from neonates in Group B, with highly significant difference between both studied groups (P < 0.001). Conclusion; EEF in neonates within 2 days following gastrointestinal tract surgeries is beneficial in reducing the LOHS, mortality, and sepsis. Also improve weight gain at time of discharge and decrease risk of post-operative complications as anastomotic site leak.
Adaptive Stochastic Fault Tolerance for Self-Healing P2P Networks
Authors: Kumar Sudhakar , Goyal Shivam , Singh Sunil K. , Sharma Sunil Kumar , Attar Razaz Waheeb , Arya Varsha , Gupta Brij B. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

In the complex domain of reliable and flexible distributed systems, the challenging issue of Byzantine fault resilience is pervasive, particularly within the intricate framework of Peer-to-Peer (P2P) networks. The 'Adaptive Stochastic Fault Tolerance for Self-Healing P2P Networks' proposes a novel approach to self-healing in distributed peer-to-peer (P2P) systems. It combines ideas from stochastic Byzantine fault tolerance models with adaptive resilience strategies to detect and recover from failures within these complex networks by using probabilistic modeling. This allows P2P systems to adjust their resilience measures in real-time, effectively shielding themselves from unforeseen faults. Furthermore, the research provides extensive experimentation and empirical validation to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
IMPROVE Time to Anti-Coagulation Reversal for Hemorrhagic Strokes
Authors: Dymm Braydon , Graffagnino Carmelo , Acosta Gabriel Torrealba , Ehrlich Matthew , Monk Lisa , Shah Shreyansh , Iversen Edwin , Kolls Brad 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Oral anticoagulation (OAC) is a risk factor for intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) which is an important source of disability and mortality. OAC-associated ICH (OAC-ICH) patients have worse outcomes as compared to ICH patients not on OAC, likely because of the associated larger stroke volumes, higher propensity to intraventricular hemorrhage, and a higher risk of rebleeding. Although current guidelines recommend that OAC should be reversed quickly, many health care systems have not developed a process for optimizing that aspect of care.
Methods
Through the IMPROVE Stroke Care Consortium, a group of nine Hub hospitals and their 57 regional community hospitals, a systems of care improvement project was implemented. Performance reviews identified best practices which were disseminated throughout all centers. We compared the median door-to-reversal (DTR) time before and after an institutional campaign to speed the process with a target time of 60 minutes.
Results
Over two years of the study, there were 6,699 ischemic strokes, 152 subarachnoid hemorrhages, and 889 intracerebral hemorrhages. During that time, 36 hemorrhagic stroke patients received reversal agents emergently. The overall baseline median DTR time was 123 minutes (IQR 99, 361 minutes). By the end of the program, the median DTR time had trended down to 84 minutes (IQR 58.5, 151 minutes) which is a 31.7% reduction of DTR from baseline, though times remained somewhat variable (p = 0.08).
Conclusions
Utilizing an integrated stroke systems of care approach, we were able to reduce DTR times for patients presenting with acute ICH and concurrent use of anticoagulants despite lack of definitive guidelines around targets for reversal times or operational guidance on protocols and agents.
Constitutive expression of MsPROPEP1 enhances salinity and drought tolerance in alfalfa (Medicago sativa)
Authors: Tang Haoyan , Guo Xinying , Shang Jingwen , Li Wenqi , Fu Jiaqi , Song Yuguang , Dong Wei 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Plant peptide hormones have various important roles in plant development, defense against pathogens, and tolerance to abiotic stress. However, only a limited number of hormone-like peptides have been proven to contribute to salt and drought stress tolerance in plants other than Arabidopsis. In this study, we present the isolation and characterization of MsPROPEP1, a propeptide precursor gene obtained from the legume pasture Medicago sativa. The transcription of the MsPROPEP1 was found to be inducible by NaCl, polyethylene glycol (PEG), and abscisic acid (ABA). The constitutive expression of MsPROPEP1 in alfalfa seedlings mitigated the restriction on plant growth imposed by either salinity or osmotic stress and raised their sensitivity to ABA in promoting stomatal closure. In addition, we synthesized MsPep1 peptide and found that the application of MsPep1 enhanced tolerance to stress induced by NaCl and PEG. In transgenic plants, many ABA-dependent stress-responsive genes are activated; this is known to promote the expression of peroxidase which plays a role in reactive oxygen scavenging. Our findings suggest that MsPROPEP1 is a candidate for the genetic manipulation of salinity and drought tolerance in legume species.
The association of Cognitive Coping Style with Patient Preferences in a Patient- Led Follow-Up Study among Colorectal Cancer Survivors
Authors: Voigt Kelly R. , Wullaert Lissa , Driel M. H. Elise van , Goudberg Max , Doornebosch Pascal G. , Schreinemakers Jennifer M.J. , Verseveld Maria , Peeters Koen C.M.J. , Verhoef Cornelis , Husson Olga , Grünhagen Dirk J. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Introduction
: Amidst the rising number of cancer survivors and personnel shortages, optimisation of follow-up strategies is imperative, especially since intensive follow-up does not lead to survival benefits. Understanding patient preferences and identifying the associated patient profiles is crucial. Coping style may be a key determinant in achieving this. Our study aims to evaluate preferences, identify coping styles and their associated factors, and explore the association between coping style and patients' preferences in colorectal cancer (CRC) follow-up.
Methods
In a prospective multicentre implementation study, patients completed the Threatening Medical Situations Inventory (TMSI) to determine their coping style. Simultaneously patients choose their follow-up preferences for the CRC trajectory regarding frequency of tumour marker determination, location of blood sampling, and manner of contact.
Results
A total of 188 patients completed the TMSI questionnaire after inclusion. A more intensive follow-up was preferred by 71.5% of patients. Of all patients, 52.0% had a coping style classified as ‘blunting’ and 34.0% as ‘monitoring’. Variables such as a younger age, female gender, higher educational level, and lower ASA scores were associated with having higher monitoring scores. However, there were no significant associations between follow-up preferences and patients’ coping styles.
Conclusion
This study suggests that none of the provided options in a patient-led follow-up are unsuitable for patients who underwent curative surgery for primary CRC, based on coping style determined at baseline. Low intensity surveillance after curative resection of CRC may, therefore, be suitable for a wide range of patients independent of coping styles.
Collaborative network, technological progress and potato production in China
Authors: Wang Huaiyu , Wang Qiaoyu , Xiao Yao , Chen Hongshu , Su Zhiwen , Xiang Chao 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Development of science and technology is one of the vital driven forces for the Chinese agricultural development. Based on 2,513 valid potato invention patents from 1986–2019 in China, a social network analysis is applied to investigate the effects of network changes of potato patents on the innovation activities and potato production. The results show that China has formed a status quo of separation between potato producing areas and patent invention places. Collaborative relationships of potato patents mainly distribute in the non-main production areas. Most of the collaborations are intra-provincial rather than inter-provincial. The correlation relationship between potato innovation and potato yield is positive. But the density and cluster coefficient of collaborative networks in potato research affect the potato innovations differently. Considering the variation of collaborative network and different technology progress in potato production across regions, a cross-regional exchange platform is needed to promote the dissemination and promotion of potato patents in the main potato producing areas.
MRI and Single-cell RNA Sequence Results Reveal the Influence of Anterior Talofibular Ligament Injury on Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus
Authors: Xu Jie , Yang Siyi , Fan Ruiqi , Wu Hongbo , Mo Hui 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Anterior talofibular ligament injuries and osteochondral lesions of the talus present unique challenges to orthopedic surgeons. This study aimed to investigate the relevant relationship between them by analyzing the Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) results of clinical patients and single-cell RNA sequence (scRNA seq) results of healthy talus cartilage to discuss the risk factors. Data from 164 patients from 2018 to 2023 was retrospectively analyzed. The correlation analysis between ATFL injury grade and the Hepple stage of OLT determined by MRI was performed. Publicly available single-cell RNA datasets were collected. Single-cell RNA datasets from five volunteers of healthy talus cartilage were analyzed. ATFL injury grade was relevant with the Hepple stage of OLT (P<0.05). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that injured area was the independent influencing factor of the incidence rate and the severity of OLT (P<0.05). The Hepple stage of OLT was relevant with AOFAS and VAS (P<0.05). Single-cell RNA sequence results showed that among the 9 subtypes of chondrocytes, the interaction strength between HTC-A and HTC-B is the highest. Their physical interactions are mainly achieved through the CD99 signaling pathway, and factor interactions are mainly achieved through the ANGPTL signaling pathway. Anterior talofibular ligament injury may lead to osteochondral lesions of the talus. Early medical intervention should be carried out for ligament injuries to restore joint stability and avoid cartilage damage.
Antibacterial activity and inhibitory concentration of hydrolysis protein of Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) waste on Exotoxin A Gene Expression of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: yaghoubzadeh zahra , Safari Reza 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a harmful pathogen known for causing various infections. A recent study aimed to explore the antibacterial properties of Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) waste protein hydrolysate against P. aeruginosa. Antibacterial peptides from fish hydrolyzed protein (FPH) were tested using disk diffusion and well diffusion methods, with a focus on the inhibitory concentration (IC50) of FPH less than 3 kDa on P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853's exotoxin A gene expression. After exposing P. aeruginosa to FPH less than 3 kDa in BHI broth medium and analyzing gene expression of exotoxin A using Real-Time PCR, it was found that the inhibitory concentration had a significant impact. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of FPH less than 3 kDa against P. aeruginosa was determined to be 0.12 μg/mL. These findings suggest that FPH can serve as an effective antimicrobial agent, potentially preventing toxin production and enhancing the safety of perishable foods.
Numerical Investigation of Cold-formed Steel Channel Joist with Web Openings Subjected to Bending
Authors: Duraimurugan KSK. , Baskar Rajaram. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

This study investigates the structural behaviour of a cold-formed steel channel joist subjected to bending. The channel joists chosen for this investigation were used in the practical design. Channel joists with/without web opening are allowed. The web-opening type consisted of circular and square types. Two different heights of the joist (150 and 200 mm) were considered. An analytical investigation was conducted on the considered experimental models. The finite element analysis modelling method for developing the model using ANSYS16.2 APDL software was used. The significant factors that influence the performance of joists under bending were analysed. Notably, the maximum load-carrying capacity and stiffness were significant factors that were evaluated. A comparison of the experimental and analytical results was performed. As a result, in the case of the web opening made joist, the circular type exhibited better performance than the other web-opening types. A detailed investigation was conducted to fulfil the significance of this study considering the standard analysis procedure.