bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive Evaluation of Urban Road Network Capacity Using Fractal Theory in the Context of the Internet of Things
Authors: Wen Wen , Deng Hongxing 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In order to make a good assessment of road traffic status, this paper proposes a comprehensive evaluation method of urban road network capacity based on soft computing under the background of Internet of Things. The focus of the research is to use a variety of soft computing technologies such as Hausdorff dimension simplification method, branch dimension measurement algorithm, multifractal method, etc., to analyze the overall traffic load and guide the traffic channelization in an optimal way, considering various factors comprehensively. The model helps to optimize infrastructure and reduce road traffic congestion. This avoids traffic congestion, ultimately reducing the carbon footprint and promoting a green environment. This method analyzes the network capacity, network load and corresponding conversion coefficient of all levels of highway. Based on the multi-component linear regression method, this paper evaluates the urban road network capacity, and constructs the urban road network capacity planning model according to the traffic volume constraints and travel time constraints. The test results show that under the application of this method, the road capacity of the planned route exceeds 4000 pcu. The pcu is a passenger vehicle unit that measures the extent to which different types of vehicles have an impact on road capacity. When the capacity of a planned road exceeds 4000 pcu, it means that the road can carry a large number of different types of vehicles at the same time, and the average operating speed of the line can reach 42.3 km/h. After 5 years of planning, the efficiency of road use is still above 75 %. It can be proved that this method can obtain the optimal traffic path through better route planning and avoid traffic congestion and pollution.
Research on Monitoring of Oil Metal Particle Pollution in Operation of Hydroelectric Generating Units Based on Internet of Things
Authors: Tian Peng , Zhang Lin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Environmental protection has become very important in recent years. Traditional methods ignore the characteristics of metal particle pollution extraction in operating oil, which leads to low monitoring accuracy and low efficiency. Therefore, a monitoring method based on soft computing for oil pollution and metal pollution in the operation of a hydro-generator set is proposed in this article. The signal characteristics of oil and metal particles in the operation of a hydro-generator set are extracted by combining the maximum overlapping discrete wavelet transform method and the optimal decomposition level method to complete monitoring. The results show that the proposed method can accurately monitor the metal particle pollutants in the operating oil of hydroelectric generating units and has high execution efficiency. The proposed method will certainly assist in protecting the environment by monitoring carbon emissions and pollution through metal particles in the oil.
Isolation of serum-derived placental/amnio­chorionic extracellular vesicles across pregnancy by immunoaffinity using PLAP and HLA-G
Authors: Shinde Uma , Rao Aishwarya , Bansal Vandana , Das Dhanjit Kumar , Balasinor Nafisa Huseni , Madan Taruna 
Published: February 2024

In brief
Circulating extracellular vesicles of placental/amniochorionic origin carry placental/amniochorionic proteins and nucleic acids with the potential to facilitate non-invasive diagnosis of pregnancy-related disorders. The study reports an improvised method for the enriched isolation of extracellular vesicles of placental/amniochorionic origin using the two markers, PLAP and HLA-G.

Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-bound nanovesicles secreted from the cells into extracellular space and body fluids. They are considered ‘fingerprints of parent cells’, which can reflect their physiological and functional states. During pregnancy, EVs are produced by the syncytiotrophoblasts and extravillous trophoblasts and are released into the maternal bloodstream. In the present study, placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP)-specific extracellular vesicles were isolated from maternal serum-derived EVs (SDE) across pregnancy. Transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering analysis showed that the isolated EVs exhibited a spherical morphology with ~30–150 nm size range. Nanoparticle tracking analysis indicated that the concentration of PLAP+ serum-derived EVs (PLAP+-SDE) increased across the gestation. PLAP+-SDE contained DNA with LINE1 promoter methylation pattern. C19 miRNA cluster miRNAs (miR 515-5p, 519e and 520f) were present in PLAP+-SDE along with other miRNAs (miR-133-3p, miR210-3p and miR-223-3p). PLAP+-SDE confirmed the presence of EV markers (CD63 and CD9), along with placental proteins (PLAP and cullin 7). A modified novel strategy to extract an enriched population of circulating placental/amniochorionic EVs was devised employing an additional marker of extravillous trophoblasts, human leukocyte antigen G (HLA-G), along with PLAP. The isolated pooled placental/amniochorionic (PLAP+&HLA-G+) serum-derived EVs (PP-SDE) showed ~two-fold increased protein levels of HLA-G in the third-trimester pregnant women compared to the non-pregnant controls. Future studies will be focused on validation of this novel strategy to isolate an enriched population of placental/amniochorionic EVs to facilitate a better understanding of placental physiology and pathophysiology.
Off-Label Drug Use in Acute Respiration Infection Patient at Pangandaran Hospital, Pangandaran District, West Java - Indonesia
Authors: Rahayuningsih Nur , Priatna Muharam , Sulistiani Dewi A. 
Published: February 2024

Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) are infectious diseases of the upper or lower respiratory tract that cause a spectrum of illnesses from mild to severe infections. ARI is one of the leading causes of death in children in developing countries. The high incidence of ARI in children results in the use of off-label drugs. Off-label medicine is the use of drugs outside the provisions of the license relating to dose, age, route of administration, contraindications. This study aims to determine the use of off-label drugs in children with a diagnosis of ARI at Pandega Pangandaran Hospital, Pangandaran District, West Java - Indonesia. This study was an observational study with a cross sectional design and data collection was done retrospectively using Chi-square data analysis with a significance level of 0.05. Of the 84 patients who fit the inclusion criteria, there was an off-label drug use of 16.01% with the categories of off-label age (11.16%), off-label dose (4.37%), and off-label indication (0.48%) while in the category of route of administration and contraindications no off-label drug use was found. The most common type of off-label drug used was cetirizine antihistamine. Based on the results, pharmacist’s supervision related to the risk of drug use is strongly recommended.
Innovative prophylactic and therapeutic approaches in liver cirrhosis
Authors: Ciovicescu Lucia-Maria , Clichici Simona Valeria , Simedrea Ramona-Ariana , Ciovicescu Felix , Lupan Simona Corina , Sabău Lavinia Ioana , Toader Alina Mihaela , Mocan Teodora 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLiver cirrhosis is the consequence of chronicisation and of the evolution of untreated liver diseases. The complexity of the disease and the complications it can cause have been and are still intensively researched, aiming to discover new therapies or improve existing ones for the effective management of liver cirrhosis. Currently, the treatment used is directed against the cause that caused the disease, if it is known; in advanced cases, liver transplantation is the only valid therapeutic option. Hepatoprotectors that are currently on the market are numerous, having as common properties the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, stabilizing properties of the hepatocytic membrane; A few examples: the ethanolic extract of Curcuma longa, the extract from the plant called Sophora flavescens, the extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra, silymarin (extracted from Sylibum marianum), the extract of Ganoderma lucidum, etc. Liver cirrhosis is accompanied by generalized hypovitaminosis, so supplementing the diet with hydro- and liposoluble vitamins is mandatory. Protein-caloric malnutrition can be prevented by a hyperprotein diet, especially beneficial being the supplementation with branched-chain amino acids, which are also applicable in the prophylaxis and treatment of hepatic encephalopathy. Nanoparticles are a state-of-the-art therapeutic option, proving increased bioavailability, for example polydopamine nanoparticles loaded with l-arginine have been tested as therapy in liver cirrhosis. Among the innovative treatment directions in liver cirrhosis are hybrid products (e.g. hybrid polymer nanoparticles loaded with caffeic acid), cell cultures and artificial or bioartificial liver support.
EL PENSAMIENTO CREATIVO COMO INSIGHT PARA AFRONTAR LOS DESAFÍOS DEL EMPRENDEDOR DIGITAL: UN ESTUDIO DOCUMENTAL
Authors: Hernández Mesa Claudia Alicia , Ángel Arias Carlos Eduardo , Patiño Gutiérrez Laura Marcela 
Published: February 2024

Partiendo de la importancia del pensamiento creativo y la manera como este se convierte en un Insight clave para afrontar los desafíos del emprendedor, este documento toma como punto de partida el desarrollo de un análisis detallado sobre las perspectivas del emprendimiento tradicional y su evolución al emprendimiento digital, así mismo dentro de este análisis se identifica su marco histórico como primer pilar. A partir de este análisis se documentan los distintos aspectos de la creatividad que se involucran en

los procesos emprendedores con base en las investigaciones de los últimos 25 años aportando las características del pensamiento creativo, así como las principales investigaciones en este tema como segundo pilar. Como resultado se construyen los perfiles del emprendedor digital y del pensador creativo. Posteriormente, se analiza el panorama del emprendimiento digital a partir de las teorías de Hofacker & Belanche quienes en 2016 definen ocho desafíos a los que se enfrenta un negocio digital, y a partir de ellos establece qué habilidades se requieren para aprovechar las oportunidades que ofrece la transformación digital en la actualidad y cuál es la perspectiva futura del emprendimiento digital en Iberoamérica. En virtud de los resultados se contrastan los perfiles para determinar la relación y grado de influencia del pensamiento creativo sobre el desempeño del emprendedor digital tanto en grandes, medianas o pequeñas empresas. Este proceso investigativo nos lleva concluir que el pensamiento creativo es una herramienta indispensable que todo emprendedor debe ejercitar para tener éxito en la transformación del emprendimiento digital y en los negocios digitales.
ENTRE BICHOS E MONSTROS: OS LIVROS PREFERIDOS POR CRIANÇAS HOSPITALIZADAS
Authors: Burgos Beatriz Levanteze de , Abreu Marcia , Santos Melissa 
Published: February 2024

Muitas iniciativas têm sido desenvolvidas no sentido de humanizar o tratamento hospitalar, levando atividades lúdicas para crianças internadas, entre elas sessões de contação de histórias. Já se sabe que o contato com narrativas apresenta resultados positivos para o bem-estar geral das crianças. Entretanto, faltam estudos que examinem suas preferências em relação aos livros.
Esta pesquisa propõe-se a analisar o interesse de crianças hospitalizadas por livros que lhes foram apresentados, buscando encontrar padrões em suas escolhas. As reações de 174 crianças com idades entre 6 e 10 anos foram analisadas. Os resultados mostraram que as crianças optaram por livros em que figuram animais humanizados ou personagens monstruosos que demonstram comportamentos também humanizados. Essas opções foram feitas em detrimento de personagens humanos, sejam eles adultos ou crianças, e também em detrimento de animais não-personificados e de livros com capas abstratas.
Ambiciona-se contribuir para a obtenção de resultados ideais no trabalho das organizações que levam contadores de histórias aos hospitais e, com isso, proporcionar melhorias na qualidade da internação pediátrica humanizada.
Chondroma of right great toe
Authors: Davhale Pushkar L. , Salunke Prachi P. , Patil Kiran M. , Kulkarni Ananta A. 
Published: February 2024

Chondromas are benign neoplasms arising from hyaline cartilage cells or mesenchymal cells often solitary, slow-growing masses. They may grow to a size that causes clinical problems, depending on the location. These are not locally invasive. Some chondromas may undergo malignant transformation; however, most chondrosarcomas are thought to arise de novo. We present a case of a 33 years old male patient who presented with chronic swelling on the dorsal aspect of the DAP joint of right great toe. The patient underwent surgical excision of the painless lesion. Post operative period was uneventful and the swelling resolved immediately. After a follow up of 1 year the patient has no complaints of pain or swelling.
Eyesight to insight: evidence from urban eye health programme
Authors: Sahu Ananta Basudev , Tripathi Himadri , Buttan Sandeep , P. N. Prasannakumar , Bhatia Karuna 
Published: February 2024

India, with a population exceeding 1.486 billion, faces substantial challenges in urban eye health, particularly in densely populated states like Uttar Pradesh. This study delves into real-world impact of urban eye health programme, implemented in Kanpur and Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, aiming to identify success factors and examine the tangible effects of interventions through comprehensive endline study. Utilizing a hub-and-spoke model, the programme established base hospitals as hubs and vision centres as spokes, creating a network for affordable and accessible eye care. The project significantly improved accessibility, with over 85% in Kanpur and 97% in Prayagraj reporting easy access to vision centres. A shift in community behaviour was observed, with a preference for vision centres for eye examinations increasing from 5.6-64.6% in Kanpur and 10.6-57.1% in Prayagraj. The programme empowered women to prioritize their eye health, reaching 53% of women for eye screening. Community perception shifted positively, with over 82% in Prayagraj recognizing the programme's pivotal role. In Kanpur, 87.5% of women actively take charge of their eye health decisions, while 99.1% do so in Prayagraj. This empowerment underscores programme commitment to providing equal access to eye care and demonstrates a strong focus on inclusivity and gender equality.
Temporal Trends in Mental Health in the United States by Gender Identity, 2014–2021
Authors: Feir Donn , Mann Samuel 
Published: February 2024

Objectives. To examine the temporal trends in the transgender–cisgender mental health disparity in the United States. Methods. We used 2014–2021 US Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Survey data with logistic and ordinary least squares regression to document temporal trends in the transgender–cisgender disparity in self-reports of the number of poor mental health days in the past month and frequent mental distress. Results. In 2014, cisgender individuals reported a mean average of 3.68 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.65, 3.70) poor mental health days compared with a mean average of 5.42 (95% CI = 4.68, 6.16) poor mental health days among transgender respondents. The size of this disparity adjusted by differences in observable characteristics increased by 2.75 days (95% CI = 0.58, 4.91) over the sample period. In 2014, 11.4% (95% CI = 11.3%, 11.5%) of cisgender adults reported frequent mental distress compared with 18.9% (95% CI = 15.9%, 22%) of transgender adults. By 2021, 14.6% (95% CI = 15.9%, 22%) of cisgender adults and 32.9% (95% CI = 30.7%, 35.1%) of transgender adults reported frequent mental distress. Conclusions. Policies are needed to address the worsening mental health of transgender and gender-nonconforming people in the United States. ( Am J Public Health. 2024;114(5):523–526. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2024.307603 )
STABILITY OF SHARIAH-COMPLIANT STOCKS IN INDONESIA, MALAYSIA, AND GCC: THE ROLES OF MONETARY AND FISCAL POLICIES AND CONTAGION
Authors: Loang Ooi Kok 
Published: February 2024

This study examines the roles of monetary and fiscal policies and contagion in the market stability of Indonesia, Malaysia, and the Gulf Cooperation Council countries during the pandemic and post-pandemic periods from 2020 to 2023. We find that fiscal policy measures, such as reserve requirements and the government expenditure-to-GDP ratio, stabilised the financial markets during the pandemic. As for monetary policy tools, while they had limited effectiveness during the pandemic, they regained significance in stabilizing the markets post-pandemic. We also find that the patterns of market contagion patterns tend to vary across countries, with Qatar and Bahrain showing changing levels of contagion while Saudi Arabia, UAE, Kuwait, and Oman consistently displaying moderate to high contagion, the results that are in line with the adage, "when the U.S. sneezes, the global economy has a cold". The study's implications for managers and policymakers in Muslim-majority countries include robust risk management and contingency planning due to higher market contagion in economically integrated economies. Additionally, the limited impact of conventional monetary policies during the pandemic highlights the need to explore alternative approaches to enhance market stability during economic downturns.
INFORMAL ECONOMY, ISLAMIC FINANCE DEVELOPMENT, AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN MUSLIM-MAJORITY COUNTRIES
Authors: Muhammed Ismail Aremu , Khalid Ahmed Masood , Premaratne Gamini 
Published: February 2024

The paper focuses on the impact of informal economy and Islamic finance development on sustainable development using a panel dataset of 15 Muslim-majority countries from 2016 to 2022. The results based on the feasible GLS and panel quantile regression methods reveal that Islamic finance development has a positive impact on sustainable development. Meanwhile, the informal economy has a negative impact on sustainable development. Assessing the components of Islamic finance development, we further note that only quantitative development/financial performance and knowledge indicators are effective in achieving sustainable development. Besides these key results, GDP per capita, trade openness, and foreign direct investment emerge to be positive factors while the natural resource rents a negative factor in sustainable development. We reason that low productivity and precarious working conditions associated with informal economy may have hindered economic, social, and environmental wellbeing. The positive contribution of the Islamic finance development especially those related to Islamic financial performance and knowledge sharing to sustainable development hints the importance of further development of the Islamic financial sector in these countries.
Progress and gaps in climate change adaptation in coastal cities across the globe
Authors: Garschagen Matthias , Wannewitz Mia , Ajibade Idowu , Mach Katharine J. , Mangnan Alexandre , Petzold Jan , Reckien Diana , Ulibarri Nicola , Agopian Armen , Chalastani Vasiliki I. , Hawxwell Tom , Huynh Lam T.M. , Kirchhoff Christine J. , Miller Rebecca , Musah-Surugu Justice Issah , Alverio Gabriela Nagle , Nielsen Miriam , Nunbogu Abraham Marshall , Pentz Brian , Reimuth Andrea , Scarpa Giulia , Seeteram Nadia , Canosa Ivan Villaverde , Zhou Jingyao , Team GAMI The Global Adaptation Mapping Initiative 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Coastal cities are at the frontlines of climate change impacts, resulting in an urgent need for substantial adaptation. To understand whether and to what extent cities are on track to prepare for climate risks, this paper systematically assesses the academic literature to evaluate climate change adaptation in 199 coastal cities worldwide. We show that adaptation in coastal cities is rather slow, of narrow scope, and not transformative. Adaptation measures are predominantly designed based on past and current, rather than future, patterns in hazards, exposure, and vulnerability. City governments, particularly in high-income countries, are more likely to implement institutional and infrastructural responses, while coastal cities in lower-middle income countries often rely on households to implement behavioral adaptation. There is comparatively little published knowledge on coastal urban adaptation in low and middle income economies and regarding particular adaptation types such as ecosystem-based adaptation. These insights make an important contribution for tracking adaptation progress globally and help to identify entry points for improving adaption of coastal cities in the future.
Effects of Unoxidized Biochars, Oxidized Biochars, Zinc and Compost on Cadmium Uptake in Spinach
Authors: Alves Bárbara Samartini Queiroz , Fernandes Luiz Arnaldo , Southard Randal J 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic element that can be consumed by humans through food, posing a public health problem. Application to soil of zinc chloride (ZnCl2), and amendments, such as compost and biochar, have been proposed as solutions to prevent Cd from entering the food chain. Biochar is a stable carbon-rich charcoal that is produced by an eco-friendly method. The objective of this research was to compare the effectiveness of the treatments as remediation materials for an agricultural soil enriched with Cd. Pot experiments were conducted with spinach and soil material collected in the Salinas Valley of California, for three consecutive life-cycles of spinach. We utilized five biochars (pre-selected in laboratory) in their unoxidized and oxidized (with hydrogen peroxide - H2O2) versions, at application rates of 1% and 5% by volume. Cd uptake by spinach was compared to uptake in soil alone (control), soil + 25 mg/kg Zn, and soil + 5% poultry litter compost by volume. Compared to the control, some biochars significantly reduced Cd uptake and increased yield. Compost was also a successful amendment and may be the most cost-beneficial for farmers, although biochar produces carbon credits. The Zn treatment generally reduced Cd uptake, but also reduced yield. To achieve uptake values close to the CODEX limit (4 mg/kg dry wt.) it is necessary to lime all treatments to approximately pH 7. The oxidation of biochars with H2O2 did not decrease Cd uptake.