bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrochemical formation of Pr aided by additive (KF) in LiCl-KCl molten salt
Authors: Li Mei , Du Rui , Wei Hedi , Chen Jiayi , Liu Rugeng , Zhang Meng , Han Wei 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In order to investigate the influences of the additive (KF) on electrochemistry and deposit morphology of Pr, various electrochemical techniques were used to comparative investigate the electroreduction potential and diffusion coefficient of Pr3+ and kinetic properties of Pr3+/Pr in LiCl-KCl-PrCl3 before and after the addition of KF at different molar concentration ratio of F− to Pr3+ (k). Cyclic voltammetry, square wave voltammetry and reverse chronopotentiometry results showed that the value of k (k = 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4) had no effect on reduction mechanism of Pr3+. With the increase of k, the reduction peak potential moved in the negative direction, the diffusion coefficient decreased, and diffusion activate energy increased. Meanwhile, the exchanged current densities (j0), charge transfer resistances (Rct), and activate energies (Ea) were measured at different k by linear polarization technique, which illustrated that with the augment of k, j0 gradually reduced, and Ea and Rct increased. Furthermore, the electrochemical preparation of Pr aided by KF was explored by potentiostatic electrolysis at different k, and the products were characterized by XRD, SEM and EDS, which indicated that with the increase of k, the morphology of metallic Pr changed from slender needles to granular.
Regular Internet Users Across the Italian Regions
Authors: Leogrande Angelo 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In the following article I analyze the determinants of regular internet users in the Italian regions. The data is analyzed both in terms of static analysis and also through the application of the k-Means algorithm optimized with the Elbow method. Subsequently, an econometric model is presented for estimating regular internet users in the Italian regions based on variables that reflect the state of technological innovation and digital culture. The results are analyzed and discussed in light of the implications that digitalisation has for triggering economic growth.
JEL CODE: O3, O31, O32, O33, O34
The Effect of Cellulose Loadings on the Properties of Tapioca/Banana Peels Starch Bioplastics
Authors: Izzati A. R. Norafifah , Madihah A. M. Hanis , Nurazzi N. M. , Haafiz M. K. Mohamad 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The study aimed to create environmentally friendly plastic alternatives to petroleum-based ones by utilizing tapioca and banana peels. Bioplastic films were developed using a solvent casting technique with varying amounts of cellulose. Testing revealed that the banana peel- derived bioplastics displayed superior tensile strength (1,465.74 MPa), Young's modulus (14.35 MPa), and elongation at break (0.03%) compared to tapioca-based ones. Films containing banana peel had higher fiber and amylose content, while those with 9g of cellulose showed the lowest water absorption (73.08%). Water yielded the best results in the swelling test. Solubility tests revealed the film's insolubility in acetic acid, partial solubility in ammonia, and complete solubility in sulfuric acid. The study suggests that bioplastics made from banana peel and tapioca, enhanced with cellulose, exhibit robust resistance to various testing parameters, making them suitable for applications, notably in food packaging.
The idea of law as a means of legitimizing authoritarianism in Virgil's “Georgics”
Authors: Усов Д.А. 
Published: April 2024

В статье на основе анализа понятий lex (закон) и ius (право) в «Георгиках» Вергилия (29 г. до н.э.) рассматриваются особенности политических запросов римского общества периода гражданских войн. Цель исследования – определить смысловое значение категории закона и предполагаемый этим значением образ наилучшего устройства римского государства. В первой книге «Буколик» (41 г. до н.э.) Вергилий сочленил идею свободы (libertas) с принципом зависимости от спасительной единоличной власти, тем самым сделав первый шаг в идеологической легитимации авторитаризма. В «Георгиках» Вергилий предпринимает следующий шаг в этом направлении. Вкладывая в понятия lex и ius значение основополагающего установления, поэт прочно связывает их с авторитарными силами: природой, Юпитером, пчелиным царем и Октавианом. Природа и Юпитер изображаются творцами первичного закона, тогда как царь пчел и Октавиан – его реципиентами. По мысли поэта, когда земные законы опираются на первичное божественное положение, государство процветает. Когда же они от этого положения отклоняются, государство бедствует. Первый сценарий возможен лишь под эгидой добродетельного правителя, на месте которого поэт видит исключительно Октавиана и которого, впрочем, он готов именовать царем. Таким образом Вергилий формулирует вполне конкретное представление о приближавшейся авторитарной модели властных отношений и одновременно с этим создает впечатление ее естественности и легитимности.
The paper examines the features of Roman society’s political demands during the civil wars period analyzing lexand ius in Virgil's “Georgics” (29 BC). The aim of the study is to determine the key meaning of these concepts and the best Roman state structure’s guise assumed by this meaning. In the first book of “Eclogues” (41 BC), the poet combines the idea of freedom (libertas) with the principle of dependence on saving individual power, thereby taking the first step in the ideological legitimation of authoritarianism. In the “Georgics”, Virgil takes the next step in this direction. Putting the meaning of a fundamental commandment into lex and ius, the poet firmly connects them with explicit authoritarian forces: nature, Jupiter, the king of bees and Octavian. Nature and Jupiter are depicted as the creators of the primary law, while the king of bees and Octavian are its recipients. According to the poet, when earthly laws are based on the primary divine precept, the state flourishes, but when they deviate from this precept, the state is in misery. The first option is possible only under the patronage of an all-powerful virtuous ruler: the poet exceptionally gives this role to Octavian, whom he is even willing to call a king. Thus, Virgil formulates a concrete idea of the approaching authoritarian model of power relations and simultaneously creates the impression of its naturalness and legitimacy.
"Empire of knowledge": utopian project of I. Trevoga and the intellectual environment of Russia in the 18th century
Authors: Кауркин Р.В. , Старикова Н.В. 
Published: April 2024

В статье исследуются записки и черновые наброски Ивана Тревоги, в которых содержатся идеи преобразования и развития научно-образовательной среды российского государства второй половины XVIII в. В них представлен грандиозный по масштабам и утопичный по характеру замысел, объединяющий научные структуры с ад-министративно-территориальным устройством страны и направленный на формирование единой международной научной базы данных. Многие предложения автора соответствуют российским реалиям исследуемого исторического периода и сравнимы с положениями, отраженными в Регламентах и уставах Академии наук, Московского университета, Императорской российской Академии наук середины XVIII – начала XIX в. Однако утопические взгляды И. Тревоги содержат идеи, значительно опередившие свое время. Среди них масштабные социальные гарантии для представителей научного мира, широкий штат, свободный и открытый доступ в мир ученых без гендерных и сословных ограничений.
The article explores the notes and rough sketches of Ivan Trevoga, which contain ideas for the transformation and development of the scientific and educational environment of the Russian state in the second half of the XVIII century. They present the author's grandiose in scale and utopian in nature, combining scientific structures with the administrative-territorial structure of the country, aimed at forming a unified international scientific database. Many of the author's proposals correspond to the Russian realities of the historical period under study and are comparable to the provisions reflected in the Regulations and Statutes of the Academy of Sciences, Moscow University, the Imperial Russian Academy of Sciences of the mid–XVIII - early XIX centuries. However, the utopian views of I. Alarms contain ideas that are significantly ahead of their time. Among them are large-scale social guarantees for representatives of the scientific world, a wide staff, free and free access to the world of scientists without gender and class restrictions.
V.D. Sukhorukov’s manuscripts on the history of the Don cossacks history of creation and publications
Authors: Колесникова М.Е. , Перетятько А.Ю. 
Published: April 2024

Статья посвящена истории создания и издания рукописей по истории донского казачества одного из основоположников донской историографии Василия Дмитриевича Сухорукова (1795–1841), Проведен анализ и сопоставление опубликованных вариантов и известных черновиков рукописей «Историческое описание Земли Войска Донского» и «Статистическое описание земли Донских казаков, составленное в 1822–32 годах», рассмотрен ряд связанных с ними дискуссионных вопросов
The article deals with history of creation of the manuscripts on Don Cossacks by Vasily Dmitrievich Sukhorukov (1795–1841) who was one of the founders of Don historiography. The comparison of editions and known drafts of the manuscripts “Historical description of Don Host Oblast” and “Statistical description of the Don Cossacks’ land composed in 1822–1832” are given. A number of issues concerning the history of manuscripts by Sukhorukov and his assistants as well as the history of their editions are addressed.
Hajj 1969 In Documents Council for Religions
Authors: Ахмадуллин В.А. 
Published: April 2024

Для мусульманина любой страны поездка в хадж всегда была мечтой, ради которой будущий паломник готов был преодолевать множество барьеров: проблемы длительного пути, его немалая цена, тяжелая акклиматизации и т.д. В СССР самым главным из таких барьеров была господствующая в государстве идеология. Подготовка к отправке паломников начиналась примерно за три месяца до их вылета в Саудовскую Аравию, а после прилета в Москву, паломники оформляли отчеты для Совета по делам религий при Совете Министров СССР (СДР). При этом часть из паломников получали помощь от работников СДР при подготовке отчетов, что вполне объяснимо: эти документы изучались в Совете Министров СССР, в Центральном комитете КПСС и в Министерстве иностранных дел СССР.
For a Muslim of any country, a trip to the Hajj has always been a dream, for which the future pilgrim was ready to overcome many barriers: the problems of a long journey, its considerable price, difficult acclimatization, etc. In the USSR, the most important of these barriers was the ideology that dominated the state. Preparations for the departure of pilgrims began about three months before their departure to Saudi Arabia, and after arriving in Moscow, the pilgrims prepared reports for the Council for Religious Affairs under the Council of Ministers of the USSR (SDR). At the same time, some of the pilgrims received assistance from SDR workers in preparing reports, which is understandable: these documents were studied in the Council of Ministers of the USSR, in the Central Committee of the CPSU and in the USSR Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
Breviarium in the context of Latin literature tradition (I–IV centuries AD)
Authors: Буздалина Е.А. 
Published: April 2024

В статье рассматривается бревиарий(breviarium) как краткий латинский нарратив; обсуждается его эволюция с I по IV вв. Посредством изучения текстов Сенеки Младшего, Плиния Старшего, Светония и Тертуллиана анализируются особенности употребления лексемы breviarium, обсуждается ее трансформация в понятие о текстах, фиксирующих определенные сведения для имперского общества. Выявляются характерные черты, присущие ранним бревиариям, которые впоследствии проявились в исторических нарративах («Бревиариях») Феста и Евтропия (369 / 370 гг.).
The paper examines the concept of breviarium and the evolution of its content in the period from the 1st to the 4thcenturies AD. By studying the texts of Seneca the Younger, Pliny the Elder, Suetonius, Tertullian, the peculiarities of its use are analysed. The conclusion is made that at the mentioned time breviarium could be both a concept for the form of certain fixation of information and a term in the context of creating lists of data. Some characteristic features inherent in Latin breviaries were later manifested in the historical “Breviaries” of Festus and Eutropius.
Long Way of the Late Antiquity
Authors: Мамонтов А.Л. 
Published: April 2024

Новая книга видного британского антиковеда и византиниста А. Кэмерон представляет собой сборник статей об историографии поздней античности. Посредством анализа творчества ряда учёных (Э. Гиббона, А. Пиренна, А. Х. М. Джонса, П. Брауна и др.) в ней исследуется, как период, изначально считавшийся лишь эпохой упадка позднего Рима, постепенно стал восприниматься как время долгой трансформации – перехода от древности к Средним векам. Рассмотрены основные аспекты развития историографии поздней античности. Среди них можно выделить возрастание интереса к культуре и религии, сдвиг хронологических рамок и расширение географических, внимание к субъектности в истории. Вместе с автором мы обратились и к вопросу о влиянии общества на труд историка. Работы, включённые в сборник, помогают проследить творческий путь Кэмерон, увидеть, как менялись её взгляды и сама наука. К сожалению, почти все герои книги – представители британской историографической традиции, что существенно ограничивает перспективу. С другой стороны, это позволяет глубже погрузиться в научную среду, в которой возникла современная концепция поздней античности.
The new book by prominent British classicist and Byzantinist A. Cameron is a collection of essays on the historiography of the Late Antiquity. Discussing the works of various scholars such as E. Gibbon, H. Pirenne, A. H. M. Jones, P. Brown, and others, it demonstrates how the period, primarily regarded as only an age of the decline of the late Rome, gradually came to be seen as a time of astonishing transformation, of a long transition from antiquity to the Middle Ages. Following Cameron in this review, we focus on the main aspects of the development of historiography of the Late Antiquity. Among these are the increasing interest in culture and religion, the shift in chronological scale, the expansion of geographical perspectives, and the attention to subjectivity in history. The biographical sketches included in the book make us consider the influence of society on the historian's work. The texts included in this collection help trace Cameron's scholarly development. The reader can observe how her perspectives evolved and how the field of study changed. Unfortunately, almost all the heroes of this book represent the British scholarship, and that significantly limits the perspective. However, at the same time it provides us with a depth of immersion in the scholarly landscape from which the modern concept of Late Antiquity arose.
Regulation of Gut Microbiota by Herbal Medicines
Authors: Shinde Yogita , Deokar Gitanjali 
Published: April 2024

Abstract:Preserving host health and homeostasis is largely dependent on the human gut microbiome, a varied and ever-changing population of bacteria living in the gastrointestinal tract. This article aims to explore the multifaceted functions of the gut microbiome and shed light on the evolving field of research investigating the impact of herbal medicines on both the composition and functionality of the gut microbiome. Through a comprehensive overview, we aim to provide insights into the intricate relationship between herbal remedies and the gut microbiome, fostering a better understanding of their potential implications for human health.The gut microbiota is composed of trillions of microorganisms, predominantly bacteria, but also viruses, fungi, and archaea. It functions as a complex ecosystem that interacts with the host in various ways. It aids in nutrient metabolism, modulates the immune system, provides protection against pathogens, and influences host physiology. Moreover, it has been linked to a range of health outcomes, including digestion, metabolic health, and even mental well-being. Recent research has shed light on the potential of herbal medicines to modulate the gut microbiome. Herbal medicines, derived from plants and often used in traditional medicine systems, contain a diverse array of phytochemicals, which can directly or indirectly impact gut microbial composition. These phytochemicals can either act as prebiotics, promoting the growth of beneficial bacteria, or possess antimicrobial properties, targeting harmful pathogens. Several studies have demonstrated the effects of specific herbal medicines on the gut microbiome. For example, extracts from herbs have been shown to enhance the abundance of beneficial bacteria, such as Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus, while reducing potentially harmful microbes. Moreover, herbal medicines have exhibited promising antimicrobial effects against certain pathogenic bacteria. The modulation of the gut microbiome by herbal medicines has potential therapeutic implications. Research suggests herbal interventions could be harnessed to alleviate gastrointestinal disorders, support immune function, and even impact metabolic health. However, it is important to note that individual responses to herbal treatments can vary due to genetics, diet, and baseline microbiome composition.:In conclusion, the gut microbiome is a critical player in maintaining human health, and its modulation by herbal medicines is a burgeoning area of research. Understanding the complex interactions between herbal compounds and gut microbiota will pave the way for innovative approaches to personalized healthcare and the development of herbal-based therapeutics aimed at promoting gut health and overall well-being.
The Diverse Utility of Contrast Media Delivery and Dosing During Computed Tomography: An International Assessment of Knowledge and Practices
Authors: Rawashdeh Mohammad , Kashabash Daniah , Kumar Praveen , Saade Charbel 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Despite the escalated production rate, the Iodinated Contrast Media
(ICM) shortage continues, and demand outweighs supply.

Aim:
The aim of this study is to investigate the knowledge and practice of ICM delivery in
computed tomography (CT) among radiographers and radiologic technologists worldwide.

Methods:
An IRB-approved cross-sectional survey used Google Forms for data collection. It
involved 94 CT radiographers from 27 countries and was divided into five sections. The first
section gathered demographic information, followed by sections on experience, self-assessment
of ICM reactions, and delivery technique. The third section explored ICM knowledge and its
relation to CT parameters. The fourth and fifth sections focus on practices during pulmonary
angiography CT and renal CT scans. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics, the Chi-
Square test, and ANOVA.

Results:
Knowledge was assessed with seven questions, and a score of at least 3.5 was needed
for categorization. The median score was two, indicating low knowledge. Specifically, 64.9% of
the participants scored lower than the two scores. Years of experience are strongly correlated
with the level of knowledge, with 51.6% of radiographers having more than 10 years of experience
demonstrating adequate knowledge. 41.7% of respondents demonstrated adequate
knowledge when their duty was focused on CT. Furthermore, wide practice variability exists in
all CT pulmonary angiography protocols among radiographers with adequate and inadequate
knowledge.

Conclusion:
Inexperienced individuals showed knowledge gaps, leading to varied practices and
highlighting the need for educational programs. The study underscores establishing standardized
Protocols and Practice Guidelines (PPGs) for contrast media administration in Radiology Departments.
Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of regular training programs, and international
knowledge sharing. The potential for self-selection bias in the online survey sample is
highlighted.
Feasibility of Deploying Home-Based Digital Technology, Environmental Sensors, and Web-Based Surveys for Assessing Behavioral Symptoms and Identifying Their Precipitants in Older Adults: Longitudinal, Observational Study
Authors: Au-Yeung Wan-Tai M , Liu Yan , Hanna Remonda , Gothard Sarah , Rodrigues Nathaniel , Leon Guerrero Cierra , Beattie Zachary , Kaye Jeffrey 
Published: April 2024

Background
Apathy, depression, and anxiety are prevalent neuropsychiatric symptoms experienced by older adults. Early detection, prevention, and intervention may improve outcomes.

Objective
We aim to demonstrate the feasibility of deploying web-based weekly questionnaires inquiring about the behavioral symptoms of older adults with normal cognition, mild cognitive impairment, or early-stage dementia and to demonstrate the feasibility of deploying an in-home technology platform for measuring participant behaviors and their environment.

Methods
The target population of this study is older adults with normal cognition, mild cognitive impairment, or early-stage dementia. This is an observational, longitudinal study with a study period of up to 9 months. The severity of participant behavioral symptoms (apathy, depression, and anxiety) was self-reported weekly through web-based surveys. Participants’ digital biomarkers were continuously collected at their personal residences and through wearables throughout the duration of the study. The indoor physical environment at each residence, such as light level, noise level, temperature, humidity, or air quality, was also measured using indoor environmental sensors. Feasibility was examined, and preliminary correlation analysis between the level of symptoms and the digital biomarkers and between the level of symptoms and the indoor environment was performed.

Results
At 13 months after recruitment began, a total of 9 participants had enrolled into this study. The participants showed high adherence rates in completing the weekly questionnaires (response rate: 275/278, 98.9%), and data collection using the digital technology appeared feasible and acceptable to the participants with few exceptions. Participants’ severity of behavioral symptoms fluctuated from week to week. Preliminary results show that the duration of sleep onset and noise level are positively correlated with the anxiety level in a subset of our participants.

Conclusions
This study is a step toward more frequent assessment of older adults’ behavioral symptoms and holistic in situ monitoring of older adults’ behaviors and their living environment. The goal of this study is to facilitate the development of objective digital biomarkers of neuropsychiatric symptoms and to identify in-home environmental factors that contribute to these symptoms.