bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A mixture of experts regression model for functional response with functional covariates
Authors: TCHOMGUI Jean Steve TAMO , JACQUES Julien , FRAYSSE Guillaume , BARRIAC Vincent , CHRETIEN Stéphane 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Due to the fast growth of data that are measured on a continuous scale, functional data analysis has undergone many developments in recent years. Regression models with a functional response involving functional covariates, also called "function-on-function", are thus becoming very common. Studying this type of model in the presence of heterogeneous data can be particularly useful in various practical situations. We mainly develop in this work a Function-on-Function Mixture of Experts (FFMoE) regression model. Like most of the inference approach for models on functional data, we use basis expansion (B-splines) both for covariates and parameters. A regularized inference approach is also proposed, it accurately smoothes functional parameters in order to provide interpretable estimators. Numerical studies on simulated data illustrate the good performance of FFMoE as compared with competitors. Usefullness of the proposed model is illustrated on two data sets: the reference Canadian weather data set, in which the precipitations are modeled according to the temperature, and a Cycling data set, in which the developed power is explained by the speed, the cyclist heart rate and the slope of the road.
Navigating the Multiverse: A Hitchhiker's Guide to Selecting Harmonisation Methods for Multimodal Biomedical Data
Authors: Saras Murali Aadhitya Magateshvaren , Mitra Mithun K. , Tyagi Sonika 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Introduction: The application of machine learning (ML) techniques in classification and prediction tasks has greatly advanced our comprehension of biological systems. There is a notable shift in the trend towards integration methods that specifically target the simultaneous analysis of multiple modes or types of data, showcasing superior results compared to individual analyses. Despite the availability of diverse ML architectures for researchers interested in embracing a multimodal approach, the current literature lacks a comprehensive taxonomy that includes the pros and cons of these methods to guide the entire process. Closing this gap is imperative, necessitating the creation of a robust framework. This framework should not only categorise the diverse ML architectures suitable for multimodal analysis but also offer insights into their respective advantages and limitations. Additionally, such a framework can act as a guide for selecting an appropriate workflow for multimodal analysis. This comprehensive taxonomy would furnish a clear guidance and aid in informed decision-making within the progressively intricate realm of biomedical and clinical data analysis, and is imperative for advancing personalised medicine.
Objective: The aims of the work are to comprehensively study and describe the harmonisation processes that are performed and reported in the literature and present a working guide that would enable planning and selecting an appropriate integrative model.
Methods: A systematic review of publications that report the multimodal harmonisation of biomedical and clinical data has been performed.
Results: We present harmonisation as a dual process of representation and integration, each with multiple methods and categories. The taxonomy of the various representation and integration methods are classified into six broad categories and detailed with the advantages, disadvantages and examples. A guide flowchart that describes the step-by-step processes that are needed to adopt a multimodal approach is also presented along with examples and references.
Conclusions: This review provides a thorough taxonomy of methods for harmonising multimodal data and introduces a foundational 10-step guide for newcomers to implement a multimodal workflow.
Revisiting Termination of the Multi-Agent Pathfinding Algorithm CoDy
Authors: Schwarz Leon 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This paper presents analyses and optimizations on the termination behavior of the Multi- Agent Pathfinding (MAPF) algorithm CoDy (Cooperative Dynamic). Its purpose is to address reliable path planning of autonomous Multi-Robot Systems. CoDy is the only MAPF algorithm of its kind that is especially designed for the path planning of fully equal and fully decentralized agents in a robust manner. Depending on the given task however, CoDy cannot find solutions reliable in an appropriate amount of time. Of all presented performance results, the task in which these reliability issues appear the most is the so called ”6vs6” task. This work examines the possibilities to enhance reliability for this task. An optimization that deals with a common group of strong termination delays is implemented. Simulations show that this optimization improves the termination rate under appropriate time immensely and can even increase the termination rate of other tasks.
Medicago sativa Extracts Enhance the Anticancer Efficacy of GEM in PANC-1 Cells through Apoptosis Induction and BAX/BCL-2/CASP3 Expression Modulation
Authors: Jamshidi Nazanin , Jamshidi Negar , Zaman Mohammad , Chehresaz Mahta , Roshanfarzad Farnaz , Chaleshi Vahid , Aghdaei Hamid Asadzadeh 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Pancreatic cancer (PC) has a poor prognosis and limited response to therapies. Combinatorial approaches, such as natural product-based therapies, can enhance anticancer efficacy while minimizing side effects. This study evaluated M. sativa’s anticancer properties and its potential as adjunctive therapy with GEM to sensitize PANC-1 cells to chemotherapy.
Methods
The antioxidant activity (AA) and total phenolic content (TPC) of M. sativa extracts (MeOH, EtOAc, and water) were assessed using the DPPH radical scavenging assay. Cytotoxic effects on PANC1 and HUVEC cells were also evaluated by utilizing the MTT assay. Then, apoptosis detection was performed by Annexin V/PI-flow cytometry (FC). Besides, the DNA fragmentation analysis was conducted utilizing agarose gel electrophoresis (AGE). BCL-2, BAX, and CASP3 expression levels in PANC-1 cells using western blot analysis and qRT-PCR.
Results
Herein, DPPH IC50 values for M. sativa extracts (water, MeOH, EtOH) were 76.21, 110.32, and 65.39 µg/ml, respectively. The water extract of M. sativa exhibited the highest TPC (4612.15 ± 119.4 mgGAE/g). The cytotoxicity IC50 values for EtOH M. sativa extract, GEM, and combined GEM with EtOH M. sativa on PANC1 cells were 68.74, 43.53, and 41.22 µg/ml M. sativa + 25 µg/ml GEM, respectively, with no toxicity observed in HUVEC cells. FC analysis revealed that Combining GEM and EtOH M. sativa yielded the highest apoptosis rate (25.6%). Expression changes in BCL-2, BAX, and CASP3, as well as morphological alterations and DNA fragmentation, indicated apoptotic cell death.
Conclusion
Our findings suggested that combining M.sativa EtOH extracts with GEM may represent a promising strategy for treating PC.
Bridging the Research Gap: Establishing a Rabbit Model for Perianal Fistula (Nassor-E Maqad) Study
Authors: Bukhari Syed Abdul Shakoor , Begum Zaibunnisa , Patil Pradeep B. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Fistula-in-ano, termed ‘Nassor-e-Maqad’in traditional Arabic medicine, presents a challenging perianal pathology necessitating a robust experimental framework for comprehensive inquiry. This investigation endeavors to establish an induced Fistula-in-ano model in New Zealand White (NZW) Rabbits (n=12) utilizing a protocol involving surgical suturing steel wire implantation for durations of 20 days (Group ‘A’) and 40 days (Group ‘B').
The principal aim of this research is to develop an induced Fistula-in-anomodel in NZW rabbits, with the objective of enhancing comprehension of perianal disease pathogenesis and exploring novel therapeutic modalities. Given the absence of universally efficacious and complication-free treatments, the development of innovative therapeutic approaches is imperative. Hence, the creation of an optimal animal model capable of simulating persistent anal fistulas with lesions resembling clinical manifestations is vital for preclinical investigations in this domain.
Upon imaging (X-ray and perianal ultrasonography) the patency of fistula was evaluated whereas histological evaluation exhibited that animals in Group ‘A’ (n=06) fistula has openings with modest epithelialization subsequent to the removal of the surgical steel suture ring, along with favorable diagnostic outcomes, 20 days post-surgery. Conversely, animals in Group ‘B’ (n=6), upon steel wire removal after 40 days, displayed notable changes in epithelization, indicative of further progression in the induced fistula model.
In summary, this study successfully establishes a preclinical rabbit model of perianal fistula devoid of chemical agents, relying solely on surgical induction via surgical suturing steel wire (SSSW). The considerable anatomical and histological parallels between rabbit and human perianal pathophysiology underscore the suitability of rabbits as an experimental model for advancing therapeutic strategies in proctology.
Early-life factors shaping the gut microbiota of Common buzzard nestlings
Authors: Pereira Hugo , Chakarov Nayden , Hoffman Joseph I. , Rinaud Tony , Ottensmann Meinolf , Gladow Kai-Philipp , Busche Tobias , Caspers Barbara A. , Maraci Öncü , Krüger Oliver 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background: Exploring the dynamics of gut microbiome colonisation dur-ing early-life stages is important for understanding the potential impact of microbes on host development and fitness. Evidence from model organisms suggests a crucial early-life phase when shifts in gut microbiota can lead to immune dysregulation and reduced host condition. However, our understanding of gut microbiota colonisation in long-lived vertebrates, especially during early development, remains limited. We therefore used a wild population of common buzzard nestlings (Buteo buteo) to investigate connections between the early-life gut microbiota colonisation, environmental and host factors.
Results: We targeted both bacterial and eukaryotic microbiota using the 16S and 28S rRNA genes. We sampled the individuals during early developmental stages in a longitudinal design. Our data revealed that age significantly affected microbial diversity and composition. Nest environment was a notable predictor of microbiota composition, with particularly eukaryotic communities differing between habitats occupied by the hosts. Nestling condition explained microbial community composition, while infection with the blood parasite Leucocytozoon was correlated with microbial beta diversity.
Conclusion: Our findings emphasise the importance of studying microbiome dynamics to capture changes occurring during ontogeny. They highlight the role of microbial communities in reflecting host health and the importance of the nest environment for the developing nestling microbiome. Overall, this study contributes to understanding the complex interplay between microbial communities,h ost factors, and environmental variables, and sheds light on the mechanisms governing gut microbial colonisation during early-life stages.
Clarifying the Business Model Construct: A Theory-Driven Review through the Lenses of Ecosystem and Open System
Authors: Chen Xiangdian Emma , Thapa Devinder 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Understanding the business model phenomenon in complex business environments necessitates a dynamic ecosystem perspective. However, the lack of "construct clarity" significantly impedes this understanding, persistently challenging the theoretical and empirical development of business models. Through a theory-driven integrative literature review, this study aims to overcome this obstacle by leveraging Bertalanffy’s general systems theory (GST) and its core "open system" logic to clarify the business model construct within an ecosystem context. Reviewing 246 sources, the study identifies key issues within the research gaps and applies GST to critically analyse existing research on conceptualizing business models. It thereby defines a business model as an open system modelling iterative activities at the ecosystem level and enhances construct clarity across four basic elements: definition, scope condition, relationship with related concepts, and theoretical coherence. Additionally, the study introduces the "EBM" framework, illustrating how a business model's interconnected structure and dynamic nature align with open system logic, leading to the proposal of six research themes for future theoretical development. By bridging the research gap, this study clarifies a fundamental strategic and organizational concept, fostering a mindset-shifting understanding of business models from a broader, dynamic open system perspective while promoting interdisciplinary communication through the "unity in diversity" capability of GST.
Solving the Economic Dispatch by New Hybrid Algorithm
Authors: Naama B. , Bouzeboudja H. , Allali A . , Bot Y. , Dahmani K. , Abrouche A. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The problem of economic dispatch is the minimization of the total cost of production by satisfying the demand of the load. The resolution of this problem is a way of managing an electricity production system taking into account the constraints of equalities and inequalities, in other words it is to find the optimal production for a given combination of units in operation. The appearance of meta-heuristic methods which are part of artificial intelligence, has effectively contributed to solving this problem. Bee colony optimization is a very recent family of meta-heuristics. Its principle is based on the behavior of real bees in life. Bees have properties that are quite different from those of other insect species. They live in colonies, building their nests in tree trunks or other similar enclosed spaces. In this paper, we will apply the optimization by colony of bees in test systems of different sizes with the aim of minimizing the cost of production of electrical energy by taking into account the effect of the valve points of the power plants. In order to see the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, it has been compared with other algorithms in the literature.
Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) as an aid to diagnose a ruptured neurenteric cyst mimicking infectious meningitis- a case report
Authors: Ty Maxine Lourraine T. , Separa Karl Josef Niño J. , Baladjay Kurt Joshua E. , Dioquino  
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Neurenteric cysts are rare neoplasms from aberrant developmental endodermal tissues linked to the notochord that form later in life as midline masses, mainly in the brainstem and spinal cord. Few case reports documented meningitis associated with these cysts, but none describe how MRS can aid in diagnosing this rare condition when it overlaps clinically with infectious meningitis.
Case presentation
We report a case of a 22-year-old male with a family exposure to tuberculosis and multiple male sexual partners, presented with a two-week history of fever, headache, neck pain, progressive leg numbness, progressing to paralysis, alongside mental slowing, vision deterioration, and focal seizures a few days before admission. He had normal blood pressure and tachycardia but remained oriented and responsive. Physical examination revealed no light perception, sluggish pupillary reaction, cranial nerve abnormalities on the right side, reduced reflexes, paraplegia, and nuchal rigidity. Initial imaging showed hydrocephalus, basal enhancement, and right cerebellopontine mass, thus managed as tuberculous meningitis with tuberculoma and underwent surgery. The infectious work-up was negative for both cerebrospinal fluid and blood. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) showed NAA-like peaks, and the absence of lipid-lactate peaks was consistent with neurenteric cysts. Further surgery was no longer feasible as the patient deteriorated with sepsis and succumbed to brainstem compression.
Conclusion
This case underscores the importance of knowing rare and atypical presentations, such as ruptured neurenteric cysts causing chemical meningitis presenting as more common infectious meningitis and the utility of MRS in helping narrow down the differential diagnoses and clinching the diagnosis.
Cognitive processing speed and accuracy are intrinsically different in genetic architecture and brain phenotypes
Authors: Li Mingyang , Dang Xixi , Chen Yiwei , Chen Zhifan , Xu Xinyi , Zhao Zhiyong , Wu Dan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Since the birth of cognitive science, researchers have used reaction time and accuracy to measure cognitive ability. The initial use of these two measures is probably a generalization from empiricism, but it also implies that most cognitive behavior has two fundamental dimensions, namely cognitive processing speed (CPS) and accuracy (CPA). In this study, we used genomic-wide association studies (GWAS) data from 14 cognitive traits to show the presence of those two factors and revealed the specific neurobiological basis underlying them. We found distinct neuroimaging signatures for CPS and CPA that white matter microstructures were predominantly associated with CPS, while cortical volumes were preferably related to CPA. We also identified specific neurobiological bases (e.g. excitatory neurons) and developmental periods (i.e. late infancy) associated with the CPS but not the CPA, suggesting the association between CPS and white matter function. Moreover, those two factors showed differential associations with other health-related traits such as screen exposure and sleep status, and a significant causal relationship with psychiatric disorders such as major depressive disorder and schizophrenia. Utilizing an independent cohort from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, we also uncovered the distinct contributions of those two factors on the cognitive development of young adolescents. These findings revealed two fundamental factors underlying various cognitive abilities, elucidated the distinct brain structural fingerprint and genetic architecture of CPS and CPA, and hinted at the complex interrelationship between cognitive ability, lifestyle, and mental health.
Tahli>l Al-Amr wa Ma’a>ni>hi fl Al-Qur’an Surat Al-Muddas\s\ir (Dira>sah Tahli>liyah fi ‘Ilmi Al-Ma’a>ni)
Authors: Syafaah Darisy 
Published: March 2024

ملخص : البلاغة من العلم المستخدم في فهم القرآن. تشتمل البلاغة دراسة في علم المعاني الذي يبحث عن الأمر. توجد في سورة المدثر عدة أوامر تشير لطلب الفعل.كان الأمر في سورة المدثر سلسلة من الآيات المتتالية التي تظهر في عهد الدعوة النبوية. يستخدم هذا البحث طريقة البحث الوصفي النوعي بمصادر البيانات الأساسية وهي سورة المدثر والبيانات الثنائية المتعلقة بعنوان البحث. نتائج البحث من هذا البحث هو وجدت 6 كلمات من خمس آيات من سورة المدثر الذي تدل على الأمر. وهي الآيات 2 ، 3 ، 4 ، 5 , 7. شكل الأمر الممجود هو فعل الأمر. أما معاني الأمر فيها هي: التحذير أمر الله محمد لتستيقظ ويدعو قومه إلى رسالته ويحذرهم عن يوم القيامة ، وأمر الله أنه ليكبر الله بالكلام, والأفعال, وتنظيف الثياب ظاهرا وباطنا، وترك السيئات والأمر بالصبر على مضايقات الرافضين لتعاليمه.
Juhūd al-Mu’allim Litarqiyyah Ihtimām Ta’allum ath-Thullāb al-Lughah al-Arabiyyah fī al-Madrasah al-‘Āliyah al-I’dādiyyah al-Hukūmiyyah ar-Rābi’ah Medan
Authors: Dewi Puspa , Taufiq Muhammad 
Published: March 2024

ملخص
كإحدى الدروس المهمة في حياة الإنسان، كانت اللغة العربية درسا واجبا في تعلمها خصوصا للمسلمين. الحقائق الظاهرة اليوم تظهر أن اهتمام الطلاب في تعلم اللغة العربية لا يزال قليلا جدًا. يبدو أن الأفكار السلبية عن صعوبة تعلم اللغة العربية عالقة في أذهان الطلاب التي تسبب إلي ضعف اهتمامهم في تعلمها. وانخفاض اهتمام التعلم هذا سيؤدي إلى إعاقة توزيع المعرفة والعلوم لدى الطلاب. لذلك، يكون المعلم شخصية مهمة في أنشطة التعلم القائم بها، ويسعى إلى ترقية اهتمام تعلم الطلاب لتحقيق أهداف التعلم المرجوة بسهولة. سيبحث هذا البحث جهود المعلم لترقية اهتمام الطلاب في تعلم اللغة العربية. واستخدمت الباحثة المدخل الكيفي لرغبتها إيجاد المفهوم السليم المتعلق بجهود المعلم لترقية اهتمام الطلاب في تعلم اللغة العربية. ونتائج البحث المحصولة تتصور على أن اهتمام الطلاب في التعلم يمكن ترقيته بوسيلة شتات الجهود منها إيصال أهمية تعلم اللغة العربية واستخدام الطرق التعلمية المختلفة وتوفير الحافز علي سبيل النصيحة وتقديم المكافآت والعقوبات للطلاب وتشجيعهم الفعالية في الأنشطة التعلمية.

Abstrak
Sebagai salah satu pelajaran yang berperan penting dalam kehidupan, bahasa Arab wajib dipelajari, terutama bagi umat Islam. Saat ini, fakta yang terlihat menunjukkan bahwa masih sangat sedikit siswa yang memiliki minat pada mata pelajaran penting ini. Pikiran negatif tentang pelajaran bahasa Arab tampaknya telah tertanam di benak siswa, menyebabkan rendahnya minat siswa untuk belajar bahasa Arab. Rendahnya minat belajar ini akan menghambat distribusi pengetahuan dan pengetahuan kepada siswa. Oleh karena itu, guru sebagai pendidik menjadi tokoh penting dalam kegiatan pembelajaran yang dilakukan. Guru perlu berupaya meningkatkan minat belajar siswa agar tujuan pembelajaran yang diinginkan dapat tercapai dengan mudah. Penelitian ini akan mengkaji upaya yang dilakukan guru dalam meningkatkan minat siswa dalam pembelajaran pelajaran bahasa Arab. Dengan menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif dan pendekatan kualitatif, penelitian ini mencoba mengungkapkan upaya yang dilakukan guru dalam meningkatkan minat siswa dalam belajar bahasa Arab. Hasil penelitian yang ditemukan menggambarkan bahwa minat belajar siswa dapat ditingkatkan melalui beberapa upaya, antara lain menyampaikan pentingnya pengetahuan bahasa Arab, menggunakan metode pembelajaran yang bervariasi, memberikan motivasi berupa nasihat, memberikan reward dan punishment kepada siswa, serta mendorong siswa untuk aktif dalam kegiatan pembelajaran.