bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Journal article version nomenclature: the NISO/ALPSP recommendations
Authors: MORGAN Cliff 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTThe National Information Standards Organization (NISO), in partnership with the Association of Learned and Professional Society Publishers (ALPSP), released a Recommended Practice entitled Journal Article Versions (JAV): Recommendations of the NISO/ALPSP JAV Technical Working Group on 23 June 2008. The article describes the background to this work, some of the key decisions made regarding scope, and the recommended nomenclature and definitions. It also refers to other work in this area.
China's copyright dilemma
Authors: THATCHER Sanford G. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTAt this critical point in its development as a burgeoning market economy ensconced within a socialist political system, China faces a dilemma in becoming a fully‐fledged player in the copyright arena. Over the past two decades, China has made great strides in creating a legal and governmental framework for the administration and enforcement of copyright. But its implementation has left much to be desired, owing partly to inadequate resources of money and personnel, partly to insufficiently harsh penalties for infringement, partly to cumbersome procedures required to bring action against infringers, and partly to a general cultural tolerance for practices that run contrary to cultivating a broad‐based respect for copyright. This article proposes that a balance of pressure and encouragement is likely to have the best chances of success in overcoming these problems and ensuring that China will become fully welcomed into the international publishing community.
Digital preservation: challenges and implementation
Authors: KIRCHHOFF Amy J. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTThe research of the future requires access to the research of the past. This access cannot be assured without reliable long‐term preservation of scholarly digital content. Near‐term access can be guaranteed with backup and access system redundancy. Mid‐term access can be protected with byte replication. But assurance of long‐term access requires digital preservation – the series of management policies and activities necessary to ensure the enduring usability, authenticity, discoverability, and accessibility of content over the very long term. Portico, with a mission to preserve scholarly digital content, is one organization providing such long‐term digital preservation.
Seeking balance: rights and exceptions in Section 108 of the US Copyright Act
Authors: GIVLER Peter 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTThe Section 108 Study Group, convened in 2005 by the Library of Congress to recommend changes to that section of the US Copyright Act to recognize the role of digital technologies in current library and archives practices, issued its Report in March 2008. The Report makes a number of recommendations that strengthen the ability of qualifying institutions to make preservation copies of both analog and digital works, including websites, to make replacement copies of works no longer commercially available, and to permit outsourcing. It recommends that museums be eligible for the Section 108 exceptions, and that the television news exception be amended to permit streaming transmission for private study, scholarship, and research. It also recommends eligible institutions be permitted to provide off‐premises digital copies to users, provided that certain requirements and restrictions be met. It also considered some other questions but came to no recommendation or conclusion, such as whether digital‐only libraries and archives should be eligible for the Section 108 exceptions.
The evolution of Web‐based peer‐review systems
Authors: TANANBAUM Greg , HOLMES Lyndon 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTWeb‐based peer‐review systems are ubiquitous within scholarly publishing today, providing valuable efficiencies for authors, editors, and referees. These systems are the result of a general evolution from paper‐based workflows to electronic processes that began in the 1970s. DOS‐based systems paved the way for Windows desktop systems and, in the mid‐1990s, Web‐based peer review. Governmental, academic, and commercial stakeholders all participated in advancing the state of peer review by experimenting with different technologies, workflows, and features. These experiments have coalesced into a new steady state in which Web‐based peer‐review systems are the norm, and in which continued evolution tends to focus on incremental improvements to traditional workflow.
Race
Authors: Carter J. Kameron 
Published: September 2008

Abstract
Arguing that at the root of modern racial thinking is the effort to constitute Western identity as overcoming its internal, Oriental Other, the Jews, in Race: A Theological Account this book engages this problem for what it is: a theological problem. This book contends that the modern race question and the modern Jewish question are linked through the theological problem of the constitution of modernity's racial imagination, a constitution grounded in Christian supersessionism, or the effort to oust all things Jewish from the Western imaginary. Filling out this imagination is whiteness, nonwhiteness, and the negative anchor of the entire scheme, blackness. Beyond outlining this problem is the constructive task of reimagining Christian identity and theology beyond its tyrannical modern performance inside of whiteness. The book engages texts by patristic writers (like Maximus the Confessor), antellebum writers (like Frederick Douglass and Jarena Lee), and contemporary writers (like Michel Foucault).
Prelude on Christology and Race
Authors: Carter J. Kameron 
Published: September 2008

Abstract
This chapter engages Irenaeus of Lyons's 2nd‐century critique of ancient Gnosticism in order to shed light on the inner workings of modernity's racial imagination, which is Gnostic in character. According to Irenaeus, central to ancient Gnosticism was its intellectual effort to oust all things Jewish from the Christian imagination. Ancient Gnosis, Irenaeus argued, was driven by an anti‐Jewish supersessionism that had come to infect Christian identity. The chapter's central contention is that the effort to supersede Judaism is what binds the vision of race at work in the forms and systems of thought marking modernity and the anthropology or vision of the human at work in those marking the ancient Gnostic movements.The chapter makes the claim that Irenaeus's Christological response to the ancient Gnostic problem is a critical resource for this book's contemporary theological response to the neo‐Gnosticism of race generally and whiteness in particular.
The Drama of Race
Authors: Carter J. Kameron 
Published: September 2008

Abstract
This chapter begins here the work of developing a theological account of the modern problem of race, starting with an analysis of Cornel West's genealogy of race, ultimately labeling this approach problematic it for its inability to come to terms with what is religious, theological and political — all at the same time — about modernity and about how race functions within it. It then turns to Michel Foucault's work. The strength of his genealogy of race, which he positions within a genealogy of the state, is its opening onto a genealogy of religion, one that identifies the quest to overcome Jews and Judaism — the problem of supersessionism — as what propels modernity and moves its discourse of race, which is modernity's inner architecture. Unable to fully account for the theological nature of this problem, Foucault himself remained captive to his own form of intellectual supersessionism.
The Great Drama of Religion
Authors: Carter J. Kameron 
Published: September 2008

Abstract
Completing the theological account of modernity and of the modern problem of race begun in the prior chapter, this chapter analyzes the thought of the Enlightenment philosopher Immanuel Kant. It argues that Kant's thought is illustrative of the problem of modernity, how the logic of race that animates it and the deeper anxiety regarding Jewish existence that is embedded within its racial logic point to the more fundamental problem: the problem of whiteness as a problem that draws on Christian theological ideas and themes to constitute itself. Stated differently, the chapter probes whiteness as a theological problem built on Christian supersessionism or the quest to overcome Jewish existence; this is an integral part of the effort to produce Christianity as the supreme, rational religion and as the basis of cosmopolitan culture and society.
Historicizing Race
Authors: Carter J. Kameron 
Published: September 2008

Abstract
Here this chapter engages the work of Albert Raboteau, the elder statesman of contemporary African American religious history, particularly his early work, Slave Religion (1978). The ambiguity of this text, which is emblematic of the field, lies in its impression that black religion generally and Afro‐Christianity particularly is a reflex of race, an (essentialist) echo of “Africanity” or “blackness” itself. Thus, black cultural nationalism is at the root of black religion. However, such a reading of black faith only lodges it within, rather than seeing it as trying to disrupt, modernity's racial imagination.The chapter then reexamine Raboteau's early work in light of his post‐Slave Religion work, inspired as it is by icon theology. Raboteau can now historically call attention to how Afro‐Christianity disrupts the racial gaze. The book later refines and presses Raboteau's fledgling and sketchy insights in a theologically robust direction.
Theologizing Race
Authors: Carter J. Kameron 
Published: September 2008

Abstract
At the center of the intellectual program called a black theology of liberation, as spearheaded by James Cone, has been unmasking the superstructure of whiteness as rooted in a problematic Christology.This chapter does two things. First, it shows how the early work of Cone broke ground in uncovering the theological structure of modern racial reasoning. Cone's deepest insight here was that modernity's racial imagination, its gaze of whiteness, is tied to Christianity's modernist quest to overcome its Jewish roots or for Christian supersessionism. Second, it shows how a discourse of black cultural nationalism, “ontological blackness,” eventually sabotaged this early insight, thus causing the logic of modern racial reasoning to reenact itself inside of black theology. The chapter sketches a Christian theology of Israel as the way to press forward Cone's deepest insight for redressing the racial‐theological constitution of modernity.
Interlude on Christology and Race
Authors: Carter J. Kameron 
Published: September 2008

Abstract
Here this chapter engages Gregory of Nyssa's 4th‐century unequivocal stance against slavery in any form and the manumission of all slaves, an outlook unsurpassed by anyone in antiquity. The chapter draws on Gregory's thought, particularly his form of theological exegesis in which he reads scripture against rather than within the social order, to suggest how New World Afro‐Christianity at its inception does the same, and in so doing how it redirects modern racial discourse precisely by redirecting modern Christianity itself and the very meaning of Christian identity. Crucial to Gregory's abolitionism is the connection he sees between Christ's person and work (Christology) and his covenantal or nonracial, which is to say, his Jewish flesh. Gregory's thought is shown to offer critical resources for overcoming the Christian supersessionism or anti‐Jewishness that grounds modernity's racial imagination, which functions between whiteness, nonwhiteness, and the negative anchor of blackness.
The Birth of Christ
Authors: Carter J. Kameron 
Published: September 2008

Abstract
Read individually and together or intertextually, a number of black antebellum texts employ Christian theological ideas to envision black existence as free. Indeed, they employ theological ideas in such a way as, first, to correct the distorted Christology that grounds modernity's racial imagination, second, to rectify the Christian supersessionism that is the deeper dimension of the modern Christological problematic. This chapter examines one such text, the 1760 Narrative of the Uncommon Sufferings, and the Surprizing Deliverance of Briton Hammon, a Negro Man, arguing that, theologically understood, Hammon's Narrative works to destabilize modern racial identity by envisioning those racialized as black in the modern world, and thus as the negative anchor of whiteness, as in fact born into Christ's flesh. His birth or nativity is their birth, and thus his nonracial or Jewish covenantal flesh is the horizon of meaning that reconstitutes identity generally and that liberates racialized existence specifically.
The Death of Christ
Authors: Carter J. Kameron 
Published: September 2008

Abstract
This chapter continues the investigation of an emerging Afro‐Christian sensibility struggling with and against modernity by considering another text of American and African American letters, the 1845 Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave, Written by Himself. If Hammon's Narrative occupies the moment of the birth of Christ, Douglass's occupies that of the death and resurrection of Christ. The two Narratives together position black existence in its entirety inside of the economy of Christ's life. In this way, Douglass's Narrative pushes further the theological gesture begun in Hammon's tale, namely, articulating a vision of the person and work of Christ (Christology) that entails a counternarrative of Christian identity, one grounded in the particularity of Christ's Jewish‐covenantal and therefore nonracial flesh for the weakening of modernity's racial imagination of whiteness and the Christian supersessionism that founds it.
The Spirit of Christ
Authors: Carter J. Kameron 
Published: September 2008

Abstract
This chapter looks to Jarena Lee's autobiographical narratives as a correction and supplement to Hammon's and Douglass's efforts to give voice to an Afro‐Christian consciousness articulating itself with and against modernity. The chapter explores how her writings reshape the modern self at the crossroads of race and gender—by bearing more deeply into Christology. Lee's theological insight is that identity is reconstituted by occupying the covenantal and thus nonracial history of the Jewish people. Moreover, this takes place not simply as one enters into Christ's Jewish flesh, but as one enters it at the theological site of Pentecost and thus through the Spirit of Christ. In this way, the racial imagination (and the gender protocols by which it operates) are overcome. Pentecost, therefore, is the capstone of a nonsupersessionistic Christological vision, one that overturns the racial foundations of modernity and the theological problem of whiteness.
Postlude on Christology and Race
Authors: Carter J. Kameron 
Published: September 2008

Abstract
The vision of Maximus the Confessor, a 7th‐century monk‐theologian, is an unexpected resource, the chapter argues, for reconceiving the very task of theology given its tyrannical performance inside of whiteness. At the heart of Maximus's Christology is an exegetical practice that reads scripture against rather than with the grain of the social order, and an ethical practice that refuses self‐love or the logic of possession and ownership, which is central to the colonialist orientation of modernity's racial imagination of whiteness. This orientation of a theological ethics of dispossession (to speak in Maximian terms) is what makes Israel a nonracial people (to speak in contemporary terms). Understanding the person and work of Jesus as triangulated between Abraham, Moses, and the Prophets, Maximus's Christology roots itself in the covenantal‐nonracial story of Jewish existence. Maximus's Christological argument, which is an anticolonialist argument, therefore fittingly culminates this book's argument.
Reading Our Lives
Authors: Randall William L. , McKim Elizabeth 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThis book examines aspects of aging that are commonly overlooked by dominant conceptual models in gerontology, which focus on the observable, measurable, or “outside” dimensions of aging. Drawing on the emerging field of narrative gerontology, it provides conceptual-theoretical support to scholars of aging who are interested in bringing such topics as reminiscence and life review more into the center of gerontological inquiry. Although aging has often been framed in terms of a narrative of inevitable decline, a more positive portrayal of aging becomes possible as the focus is placed on the intricate psychological dimensions or “inside” of aging, and as the storied nature of human experience is taken explicitly into account. The book looks at aging as, potentially, a process of poeisis: a creative endeavor of fashioning meaning from the ever-accumulating, ever-thickening texts — memories and reflections — that constitute our inner worlds. At its center is the conviction that, although we are constantly reading our lives to some degree anyway, doing so in a mindful manner is critical to our development, or growth, in the second half of life. The book employs a narrative, and thus interdisciplinary, perspective to link together topics that have tended to be of marginal interest within mainstream gerontology, specifically memory, meaning, wisdom, and spirituality. It does this by exploring the convergence of ideas from literary theory regarding reader-response; of advances in neuroscience regarding the narrative basis of consciousness itself; and of thinking about narrative development and narrative identity within psychology, in particular the psychology of aging.
One RETHINKING AGING: THE STORY OF MY LIFE
Authors: Randall William L , McKim A. Elizabeth 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThis chapter prepares for an exploration of the poetics of aging by introducing a narrative approach to gerontology, one that focuses on the inside of aging, or biographical aging, instead of its outside, i.e., biological aging. Discussed as well is the intrinsic interdisciplinarity of the metaphor of life-as-story, recognized increasingly across numerous disciplines as a paradigm for understanding human experience. The chapter also considers how postmodern theories of text and textualization apply to the notion of lifestory, and the consequences of such theories for concepts of personal identity. In particular, it introduces the idea that reading life, like reading literature, is an intricate, interpretive activity — one we are engaged in anyway, if largely unconsciously, all of the time. By better understanding the dynamics of this process, however, we can undertake it more deliberately, in the process developing a reflective and indeed ironic stance toward our lives which this book calls literary self-literacy.
Two NARRATING EXPERIENCE: THE AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL SELF
Authors: Randall William L , McKim A. Elizabeth 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThis chapter explores the origins and operations of what the book calls “the narrative variable.” First, consideration is given to current research in neurology and cognitive neuroscience which suggests that at the most basic level of consciousness, and certainly at that of autobiographical memory, the human mind functions in a narrative fashion, chiefly through conceptual metaphor. The psychology of narrative — from consciousness to communication — is then discussed, moving from the swirl of perceptions and observations that continually characterizes our internal experience through an organizing process that entails reading, editing, and ultimately, narration. The chapter proposes that despite obvious differences, a lifestory (i.e., the narrative text which we compose (from within) around our lives) can be understood as similar to a literary story, and that the dynamics of personal identity can be conceived in terms of the dynamics and dimensions (including atmosphere and theme) that are at work in a novel.
Three STORYING LIFE: THE DEVELOPMENT OF IDENTITY
Authors: Randall William L , McKim A. Elizabeth 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThis chapter continues laying the conceptual groundwork for the rest of the book, where the focus is on aging, by discussing the formation of the self in explicitly narrative terms. The concept of narrative environment is introduced, to refer to the larger contexts within which our personal stories are inevitably constructed — not just our families, friendships, and communities but such broad or master narratives as gender, politics, culture, and religion. The many environments we live within exercise a powerful influence — supportive or oppressive — on the direction of our narrative development, that is, on the development of our narrative identity: the internalized, ever-evolving lifestory, the faction by which we understand who we are. Identity is no once-and-for-all achievement, but a process of continuous “storying,” even in later life, that involves the paradoxical activity of self-as-author and self-as-reader of our own lived narratives.
Four READING LITERATURE: THE INTERPRETING OF TEXT
Authors: Randall William L , McKim A. Elizabeth 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThis chapter discusses the nature of reading from the perspectives of both psychology and literary theory. Research into the cognitive and neurological features of reading indicates that we process written text in much the same way as we process day-to-day experience. In their analyses of reader-response, literary theorists insist that reading is a constructive process, and that a text's meaning depends as much on the reader's interpretation as on the author's intention. Awareness of this process, and of the fact that every text is thus an open text, is necessary for gaining literary competence. Such awareness has been labeled by Louise Rosenblatt as “aesthetic reading,” in opposition to “efferent reading,” which locates meaning only in the text. The chapter argues that reading literature can aid us in reading life, as claimed by proponents of bibliotherapy. Moreover, understanding the process of reading can contribute to the acquisition of literary self-literacy.
Five READING LIFE: THE INTERPRETING OF TEXISTENCE
Authors: Randall William L , McKim A. Elizabeth 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThis chapter begins applying concepts pertaining to reading literature (as introduced in Chapter 4) to reading life — a complex interpretive process which is central to growing, as opposed to merely getting old. The object of this process is the internalized narrative text through which we compose and comprehend our identity, or our “texistence.” The chapter explores various occasions, contexts, or types of self-reading — automatic, relational, therapeutic, programmatic, prescribed, doctrinaire, disciplined, cultural, literary — and the unique constraints and opportunities that each entails. It addresses the controversial question of a “good lifestory,” drawing on criteria put forward by psychologist Dan McAdams: coherence, openness, credibility, differentiation, reconciliation, and generative integration. To these criteria, the chapter adds critical awareness, ironic orientation, vitality, and truth value. The chapter concludes with the proposal that, ultimately, a lifestory is only as “good” as the reading it receives.