bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Highly Enantioselective Approach to Geminal Bisphosphonates by Organocatalyzed Michael‐Type Addition of β‐Ketoesters
Authors: Capuzzi Marinella , Perdicchia Dario , Jørgensen Karl Anker 
Published: October 2007

AbstractA valuable organocatalyzed protocol has been developed for the asymmetric synthesis of bisphosphonate derivatives, a class of pharmaceutically important molecules. Cheap and commercially available dihydroquinine effectively catalyzed conjugate additions of cyclic β‐ketoesters to ethylidenebisphosphonate esters, leading to optically active geminal bisphosphonates, bearing an all‐carbon substituted quaternary stereocenter, in high yields and enantioselectivities of up to 99 % ee. Further elaborations of Michael adducts to the corresponding bisphosphonic acids or vinyl phosphonates have also been successfully performed, with conservation of optical purity.
A nomogram for predicting low‐volume/low‐grade prostate cancer
Authors: Nakanishi Hiroyuki , Wang Xuemei , Ochiai Atsushi , Trpkov Kiril , Yilmaz Asli , Donnelly J. Bryan , Davis John W. , Troncoso Patricia , Babaian R. Joseph 
Published: October 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND.The authors reported previously that assessment of the number of positive biopsy cores, maximum tumor length in a core, Gleason score, and prostate volume in an extended biopsy enhanced the accuracy of predicting low‐volume/low‐grade prostate cancer. On the basis of those findings, they developed a nomogram to predict the probability of low‐volume/low‐grade prostate cancer specifically for men with a single positive biopsy core.METHODS.The study cohort comprised 258 men who underwent radical prostatectomy without neoadjuvant therapy. Prostate cancer was diagnosed in only 1 core of an extended biopsy scheme. Low‐volume/low‐grade cancer was defined as pathologic organ‐confined disease and a tumor volume < 0.5 cc with no Gleason grade 4 or 5 cancer. Patient age, prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) level, prostate volume, PSA density (PSAD), and tumor length in a biopsy core were examined as variables. A fitted multiple logistic regression model was used to establish the nomogram.RESULTS.One hundred thirty‐three patients (51.6%) had low‐volume/low‐grade cancer. To establish the nomogram, age, PSAD, and tumor length were adopted as variables. The fitted model suggested that older age, higher PSAD values, and greater tumor length would reduce the probability of low‐volume/low‐grade cancer. The nomogram predicted low‐volume/low‐grade cancer with good discrimination (an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.727). Calibration of this nomogram showed good predicted probability.CONCLUSIONS.The authors established a nomogram with which to predict low‐volume/low‐grade cancer in men with 1 positive biopsy core in an extended biopsy scheme, and they recommend this nomogram for use in selecting men for active surveillance. Cancer 2007. © 2007 American Cancer Society.
Medroxyprogesterone, interferon alfa‐2a, interleukin 2, or combination of both cytokines in patients with metastatic renal carcinoma of intermediate prognosis
Authors: Negrier Sylvie , Perol David , Ravaud Alain , Chevreau Christine , Bay Jacques‐Olivier , Delva Remy , Sevin Emmanuel , Caty Armelle , Escudier Bernard 
Published: October 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND.Few randomized trials have compared the survival benefit of interferon‐alfa over controls in metastatic renal cell carcinoma, and none has been performed using interleukin‐2. The Programme Etude Rein Cytokines (PERCY) Quattro trial was designed to evaluate both cytokines for their survival benefit to intermediate prognosis patients, who represent the majority of candidates for these treatments.METHODS.Patients were randomized in a 2‐by‐2 factorial design to medroxyprogesterone acetate 200 mg daily, interferon‐alfa 9 million IU 3 times a week, subcutaneous interleukin‐2 9 million IU daily, or a combination of both cytokines. Tumor response was evaluated at Week 12 and Month 6; progression‐free patients received further identical treatment for a maximum of 3 additional months. Primary endpoint was overall survival; secondary endpoints were disease‐free survival, response rate, toxicity, and quality of life. Survival was analyzed on an intent‐to‐treat basis.RESULTS.From January 2000 to July 2004, 492 patients were enrolled. Analysis was performed after a 29.2‐month median follow‐up (range, 0 months to 54.6 months). There were no significant survival differences between the 244 interferon‐alfa‐treated patients and 248 noninterferon‐alfa patients (hazard ratio, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.81–1.24) or between the 247 interleukin‐2 and 245 noninterleukin‐2‐treated patients (hazard ratio, 1.07; 95% CI, 0.87–1.33; log rank, 0.99 and 0.52, respectively). Grade 3–4 toxicities were significantly more frequent in cytokine‐treated patients than in medroxyprogesterone‐treated patients.CONCLUSIONS.Subcutaneous interleukin‐2 and/or interferon‐alfa provide no survival benefit in metastatic renal cancers of intermediate prognosis, and they induce a significant risk of toxicity. Newly available angiogenesis inhibitors should be preferred for these patients. Cancer 2007. © 2007 American Cancer Society.
Primary adenoid cystic carcinoma of the lung
Authors: Aubry Marie‐Christine , Heinrich Michael C. , Molina Julian , Lewis Jean E. , Yang Ping , Cassivi Stephen D. , Corless Christopher L. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND.Primary pulmonary adenoid cystic carcinomas (ACCs) are rare lung neoplasms that are challenging to completely resect and can exhibit poor survival. Adjuvant therapy is often ineffective and identification of a targeted novel therapy would be useful. The objective of the current study was to evaluate KIT expression and KIT‐activating mutations.METHODS.Primary salivary gland‐type tumors of the lung diagnosed between 1972 and 2002 at the Mayo Clinic were identified and the subset of primary pulmonary ACCs were reviewed. Immunohistochemical study for KIT expression and KIT gene mutations in exons 9, 11, 13, and 17 were performed on paraffin‐embedded tissue.RESULTS.Forty‐nine patients were diagnosed with primary pulmonary ACC. The majority of ACC cases were predominantly the cribriform type (74.4%). KIT immunoreactivity was evaluated in 34 cases and was found to be present in all but 1 case (97%). No mutations were detected in KIT gene exons 9, 11, 13, and 17 in a subset of 12 cases.CONCLUSIONS.Although KIT expression was found frequently in primary pulmonary ACC, a correlation with KIT‐activating mutations was not observed. Cancer 2007. Published 2007 by the American Cancer Society
Study of radiolabeled indium‐111 and yttrium‐90 ibritumomab tiuxetan in primary central nervous system lymphoma
Authors: Iwamoto Fabio M. , Schwartz Jazmin , Pandit‐Taskar Neeta , Peak Scott , Divgi Chaitanya R. , Zelenetz Andrew D. , Humm John , Abrey Lauren E. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND.Therapeutic options for refractory or recurrent primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) are limited. The blood–brain barrier makes many agents used in systemic lymphomas ineffective in CNS lymphomas. The objective of this study was to determine whether intravenous radioimmunotherapy using anti‐CD20 antibody can be delivered to PCNSL.METHODS.This was a single‐institution prospective study. Indium‐111 ibritumomab tiuxetan was used for imaging and dosimetry. Yttrium‐90 ibritumomab tiuxetan at doses of 0.3 to 0.4 mCi/kg were subsequently given for the treatment of recurrent or refractory PCNSL. 111In data were used to estimate radiation doses to lesions delivered by 90Y ibritumomab tiuxetan therapy.RESULTS.Six patients (4 men, 2 women) with a median age of 60 years and median Karnofsky performance status of 70 received both indium‐111 and yttrium‐90 ibritumomab tiuxetan. The median absorbed dose delivered to the CNS lymphoma was 701 cGy compared with 70 cGy to normal brain. The median progression‐free and overall survival times were 6.8 weeks and 14.3 weeks, respectively.CONCLUSIONS.The results from this study suggest that it may be feasible to deliver radiolabeled monoclonal anti‐CD20 antibodies as a component of therapy for PCNSL. Cancer 2007. © 2007 American Cancer Society.
Boundary contour method fracture analysis of bimaterial interface cracks
Authors: Phan A.‐V. , Mukherjee S. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractA variant of the boundary element method, called the boundary contour method (BCM), offers a further reduction in dimensionality. Consequently, boundary contour analysis of two‐dimensional (2‐D) problems does not require any numerical integration at all. The method is thus very computationally effective and accurate as shown in previous related studies. This paper presents a further development of the BCM for multi‐region problems in 2‐D elasticity, and an application of this development, coupled with the displacement correlation technique, to evaluating the stress intensity factors K1 and K2 for bimaterial interface cracks. Some preliminary tests conducted within this work suggest that the proposed technique is robust and able to provide highly accurate results of both K1 and K2 for this challenging class of fracture problems. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Semantic knowledge facilities for a web‐based recipe database system supporting personalization
Authors: Wang Liping , Li Qing , Dong Guozhu , Li Yu 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe recent explosive proliferation of interesting and useful data over the Web such as various recipes, while providing people with readily available information, brings out a challenging issue on how to manage such non‐conventional data effectively. To respond to the challenge, we have been developing a Web‐based recipe database system calledDish_Masterto manage recipes in a novel way, which not only covers the static recipe attributes but also elucidates the dynamic cooking behaviors. In this paper, we present several semantic knowledge facilities devised inDish_Master, including a set of semantic modeling and knowledge constructs to effectively represent recipe data, rules and constraints, and user profile aspects. With such a rich set of semantic knowledge facilities,Dish_Masterlays down a solid foundation of providing users with personalized services such as adaptation and recommendation. Users can benefit from the system's real‐time consultation and automatic summarization of cuisine knowledge. The usefulness and elegance ofDish_Masterare demonstrated through an experimental prototype system. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Influence of Growth Temperature and Carrier Flux on the Structure and Transport Properties of Highly Oriented CrO2 on Al2O3 (0001)
Authors: Sousa P. M. , Dias S. A. , Conde O. , Silvestre A. J. , Branford W. R. , Morris B. , Yates K. A. , Cohen L. F. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractIn this work we report on the structure and magnetic and electrical transport properties of CrO2 films deposited onto (0001) sapphire by atmospheric pressure (AP)CVD from a CrO3 precursor. Films are grown within a broad range of deposition temperatures, from 320 to 410 °C, and oxygen carrier gas flow rates of 50–500 sccm, showing that it is viable to grow highly oriented a‐axis CrO2 films at temperatures as low as 330 °C i.e., 60–70 °C lower than is reported in published data for the same chemical system. Depending on the experimental conditions, growth kinetic regimes dominated either by surface reaction or by mass‐transport mechanisms are identified. The growth of a Cr2O3 interfacial layer as an intrinsic feature of the deposition process is studied and discussed. Films synthesized at 330 °C keep the same high quality magnetic and transport properties as those deposited at higher temperatures.
Atmospheric Pressure MOCVD of Thin Fe Films on Carbon Fibers
Authors: Luo J.‐H. , Luo R.‐Y. , Zhang W.‐G. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThin iron films grown on carbon fibers were prepared by atmospheric pressure (AP), metal‐organic (MO) CVD, which was conducted under pure hydrogen/argon atmospheres. Their crystalline structures and morphologies were characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. The film growth and structure, as a function of the deposition temperature, hydrogen gas flow rate, and precursor sublimation rate, were investigated. It was concluded that the optimum control of the three above mentioned process parameters was important and essential for obtaining high‐quality iron film. Based on these analyses and results, a possible deposition mechanism was proposed.
Low‐Temperature PECVD of Nanodevice‐Grade nc‐3C‐SiC
Authors: Cheng Q. J. , Xu S. Y. , Long J. D. , Ostrikov K. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractIn this work, we report a plasma‐based synthesis of nanodevice‐grade nc‐3C‐SiC films, with very high growth rates (7–9 nm min–1) at low and ULSI technology‐compatible process temperatures (400–550 °C), featuring: (i) high nanocrystalline fraction (67 % at 550 °C); (ii) good chemical purity; (iii) excellent stoichiometry throughout the entire film; (iv) wide optical band gap (3.22–3.71 eV); (v) refractive index close to that of single‐crystalline 3C‐SiC; and (vi) clear, uniform, and defect‐free Si‐SiC interface. The counter‐intuitive low SiC hydrogenation in a H2‐rich plasma process is explained by hydrogen atom desorption‐mediated crystallization.
Genistein and daidzein prevent diabetes onset by elevating insulin level and altering hepatic gluconeogenic and lipogenic enzyme activities in non‐obese diabetic (NOD) mice
Authors: Choi M. S. , Jung U. J. , Yeo J. , Kim M. J. , Lee M. K. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractBackgroundNon‐obese diabetic (NOD) mice are regarded as being excellent animal models of human type 1 diabetes or insulin dependent diabetes (IDDM). This study investigated the beneficial effects of genistein and daidzein on IDDM, an autoimmune disease.MethodsFemale NOD mice were divided into control, genistein (0.02%, w/w) and daidzein (0.02%, w/w) groups. Blood glucose level, plasma biomarkers, hepatic glucose and lipid regulating enzyme activities and pancreas immunohistochemistry analysis were examined after a 9‐week experimental period.ResultsBlood glucose levels of genistein and daidzein groups were 40 and 36% of control value at the end of study (9th week). The genistein and daidzein supplements increased insulin/glucagon ratio and C‐peptide level with preservation of insulin staining β‐cell of pancreas in the NOD mice. In the liver, genistein and daidzein supplements resulted in lowering glucose‐6‐phosphatase (G6Pase) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) activities, while increasing two lipogenic enzymes activities, malic enzyme and glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), compared to the control group. Significantly, genistein and daidzein supplementation lowered the activities of fatty acid β‐oxidation and carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT) in these mice. Genistein and daidzein also improved plasma triglyceride and free fatty acid (FFA) concentrations compared to the control group.ConclusionsThese results suggest that genistein and daidzein play important roles in regulation of glucose homeostasis in type 1 diabetic mice by down‐regulating G6Pase, PEPCK, fatty acid β‐oxidation and CPT activities, while up‐regulating malic enzyme and G6PD activities in liver with preservation of pancreatic β‐cells. The supplementation of genistein and daidzein are seemingly helpful for preventing IDDM onset. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
One‐Pot Synthesis of an Enantiopure N,N,O Scorpionate Ligand Derived from (+)‐Camphor
Authors: Elflein Johannes , Platzmann Florian , Burzlaff Nicolai 
Published: October 2007

AbstractA one‐pot synthesis of the new enantiopure heteroscorpionate ligand HOPhbpm3cam (3) was described. Ligand 3 was obtained in a pyridine‐catalysed Peterson rearrangement starting from camphorpyrazole, thionyl chloride, and salicylaldehyde. κ2‐ and κ3‐coordination of the ligand was observed, and the ligand was shown to form a tetrahedral zinc complex [Zn‐κ3‐(OPhbpm3cam)CH3] (4) as well as an octahedral rhenium complex [Re‐κ3‐(OPhbpm3cam)(CO)3] (6). (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Synthesis and Rearrangement of 1,2,3‐Triheteroaryl(aryl)‐Substituted Aziridines
Authors: Pindinelli Emanuela , Pilati Tullio , Troisi Luigino 
Published: October 2007

AbstractAziridines carrying three (or two) heteroaryl groups with electron‐withdrawing effects were synthesised with sufficient diastereoselectivity. The cis aziridines are susceptible to ring opening and rearrangement when the formation of secondary enamines in stable hexacyclic structures with a N–H···N hydrogen bond is possible. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
A Temporary Stereocentre Approach for the Stereodivergent Synthesis of Either Enantiomer of α‐Methyloctanal
Authors: Niyadurupola D. Gangani , Davies Iwan R. , Wisedale Richard , Bull Steven D. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe aldol reaction of a chiral N‐(acyl)oxazolidin‐2‐one with 2‐methyleneoctanal or (E)‐2‐methyloct‐2‐enal affords chiral aldol products whose alkene functionalities were hydrogenated using Brown's or Wilkinson's catalyst to afford syn‐ or anti‐selective products with excellent levels of diastereocontrol. Subsequent retro‐aldol cleavage of these syn‐ or anti‐adducts resulted in the formation of either (R)‐ or (S)‐enantiomer of α‐methyloctanal with no racemisation occurring, which could be derivatised in‐situ to afford chiral dithiane, alcohol or α,β‐unsaturated ester products in enantiopure form.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Simultaneous determination of different classes of antibiotics in fish and livestock by CE‐MS
Authors: Juan‐García Ana , Font Guillermina , Picó Yolanda 
Published: October 2007

AbstractA specific CE‐MS method was developed for the simultaneous determination of 12 antibacterial residues (four sulfonamides: sulfamethazine, sulfathiazole, sulfadiazine, and sulfachlorpyridazine; four β‐lactams: amoxicillin, ampicillin, oxacillin, and penicillin V, and four quinolones: danofloxacin, enrofloxacin, ofloxacin, and flumequine) in fish and livestock. Separation conditions, sheath liquid composition and electrospray parameters were optimized to obtain adequate CE separation and a high sensitivity. CE employed a 75 cm long fused‐silica capillary (50 cm thermostated plus 25 cm at room temperature) 75 μm id and a 60 mM ammonium acetate separation buffer at pH 8 with 10% of methanol. The minimum number of identification points, according to the 2002/657/EC European Decision, was achieved using an IT in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. For quantification in meat and fish samples, a two‐step procedure was developed using ACN to extract the antibacterials and to precipitate the proteins and dispersive SPE, with C18 to clean up the extract. External matrix matched calibration curves were used to achieve accurate quantitative results. The LODs and LOQs (below 18 and 50 ng/kg, respectively) were in all cases lower than the maximum residue limits for these compounds in meat and fish. The recoveries ranged from 78 to 97% and the precision with RSDs lower than 18% indicate the potential of CE‐MS for the analysis of multiclass antibacterial residues in food. The method was applied to meat and fish samples taken from markets, slaughterhouses, and fish farms.
Estimating the number of ozone peaks in Mexico City using a non‐homogeneous Poisson model
Authors: Achcar Jorge A. , Fernández‐Bremauntz Adrián A. , Rodrigues Eliane R. , Tzintzun Guadalupe 
Published: October 2007

AbstractIn this paper, we consider the problem of estimating the number of times an air quality standard is exceeded in a given period of time. A non‐homogeneous Poisson model is proposed to analyse this issue. The rate at which the Poisson events occur is given by a rate function λ(t),t ≥ 0. This rate function also depends on some parameters that need to be estimated. Two forms of λ(t),t ≥ 0 are considered. One of them is of the Weibull form and the other is of the exponentiated‐Weibull form. The parameters estimation is made using a Bayesian formulation based on the Gibbs sampling algorithm. The assignation of the prior distributions for the parameters is made in two stages. In the first stage, non‐informative prior distributions are considered. Using the information provided by the first stage, more informative prior distributions are used in the second one. The theoretical development is applied to data provided by the monitoring network of Mexico City. The rate function that best fit the data varies according to the region of the city and/or threshold that is considered. In some cases the best fit is the Weibull form and in other cases the best option is the exponentiated‐Weibull. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The characteristic‐based split (CBS) scheme for viscoelastic flow past a circular cylinder
Authors: Liu Chun‐Bin , Nithiarasu P. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractA fully explicit, characteristic‐based split (CBS) method for viscoelastic flow past a circular cylinder, placed in a rectangular channel, is presented. The pressure equation in its explicit form is employed via an artificial compressibility parameter. The constitutive equations used here are based on the Oldroyd‐B model. No loss of convergence to steady state was observed in any of the results presented in this paper. Comparison of the present results with other available numerical data shows that the CBS algorithm is in excellent agreement with them at lower Deborah numbers. However, at higher Deborah numbers, the present results differ from other numerical solutions. This is due to the fact that the positive definitiveness of the conformation matrix is lost between a Deborah number of 0.6 and 0.7. However, the positive definitiveness is retained when an artificial diffusion is added to the discrete constitutive equations at higher Deborah numbers. It appears that the fractional solution stages used in the CBS scheme and the higher‐order time step‐based convection stabilization clearly reduce the instability at higher Deborah numbers. The Deborah number limit reached in the present work is three without artificial dissipation and two with artificial dissipation. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Numerical dissipation of upwind schemes in low Mach flow
Authors: Thornber B. J. R. , Drikakis D. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThis paper presents a modified Roe scheme for the simulation of multicomponent compressible flows with low Mach features. This modification reduces the excess dissipation of kinetic energy in Godunov‐type methods at low Mach. The modification is shown to work effectively to Ma=0.0002 using a single‐mode Kelvin–Helmholtz instability as a test case, and reproduces the correct Ma2 incompressible pressure scaling. Computational expense is negligible. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.