bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do adolescents with eating disorder not otherwise specified or full‐syndrome bulimia nervosa differ in clinical severity, comorbidity, risk factors, treatment outcome or cost?
Authors: Schmidt Ulrike , Lee Sally , Perkins Sarah , Eisler Ivan , Treasure Janet , Beecham Jeny , Berelowitz Mark , Dodge Liz , Frost Susie , Jenkins Mari , Johnson‐Sabine Eric , Keville Saskia , Murphy Rebecca , Robinson Paul , Winn Suzanne , Yi Irene 
Published: April 2008

AbstractObjective:We wanted to know whether adolescents with eating disorder not otherwise specified (EDNOS) differ from those with bulimia nervosa (BN) in clinical features, comorbidity, risk factors, treatment outcome or cost.Method:Adolescents with EDNOS (n = 24) or BN (n = 61) took part in a trial of family therapy versus guided self‐care. At baseline, eating disorder symptoms, risk factors, and costs were assessed by interview. Patients were reinterviewed at 6 and 12 months.Results:Compared with EDNOS, BN patients binged, vomited and purged significantly more, and were more preoccupied with food. Those with EDNOS had more depression and had more current and childhood obsessive‐compulsive disorder. 66.6% of EDNOS versus 27.8% of BN patients were abstinent from bingeing and vomiting at 1 year. Diagnosis did not moderate treatment outcome. Costs did not differ between groups.Conclusion:EDNOS in adolescents is not trival. It has milder eating disorder symptoms but more comorbidity than BN. © 2008 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2008
Service users' feedback on cognitive training in the treatment of anorexia nervosa: A qualitative study
Authors: Whitney Jenna , Easter Abigail , Tchanturia Kate 
Published: April 2008

AbstractObjective:There is little evidence to guide the treatment of anorexia nervosa (AN). Cognitive Remediation Therapy (CRT) may be helpful in reducing perfectionism and rigidity and preparing patients for involvement in later psychological interventions. The aim of this study was to examine service users' experiences of participating in CRT.Method:Written feedback, following 10 CRT sessions, from 19 AN patients wasanalyzed using grounded theory approach.Results:Patients' feedback was generally positive. They found CRT refreshing and appreciated that it did not revolve around food. Patients found CRT helpful in reducing perfectionism and rigidity. The majority expressed how they were able to implement skills in their real life. Some changes were suggested, these included varying levels of difficulty and more guidance in implementing skills.Conclusion:CRT is a promising component in the treatment of AN. Further research is being conducted to evaluate CRT. © 2008 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2008
Eating attitudes and weight concerns in female low birth weight adolescents
Authors: Blond Anna I. , Feldman Judith F. , Lorenz John M. , Whitaker Agnes H. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractObjective:Studies of clinically referred patients have implicated low birth weight (LBW) as a possible risk factor for eating disorders. This study examines eating attitudes and weight concerns in nonreferred LBW female adolescents.Method:274 LBW girls (mean age 15.9) belonging to a prospective regional LBW birth cohort completed the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT‐26) and items from the Eating Symptoms Inventory on weight perception and weight dissatisfaction.Results:Only 2.3% scored above threshold for eating disorder risk on the EAT‐26. A total of 25% perceived themselves as overweight and 18.7% perceived themselves as underweight, while 63.4% desired to lose and 17.7% desired to gain weight. Girls who perceived themselves as overweight or desired to lose weight had higher mean EAT scores than those who did not.Conclusion:Nonreferred adolescent girls born at LBW are not, as a whole, at risk for abnormal eating attitudes and negative perceptions of their weight. © 2008 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2008
Development of nonlinear predictor with a set of predicted points for continuation power flow
Authors: Kojima Takayuki , Mori Hiroyuki 
Published: April 2008

AbstractIn this paper, a new continuation power flow method is proposed to speed up computational time for drawing P– V curves in power systems. The continuation power flow calculation aims at successively evaluating power flow solutions in changing the nodal specified value of power flow calculation. The P– V curves are useful for static voltage instability. The conventional continuation power flow calculation methods are based on the predictor– corrector method. This paper proposes a new nonlinear predictor in the predictor– corrector method. The proposed method simultaneously evaluates a set of solution candidates through the nonlinear predictor. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated in sample systems. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 163(4): 30–41, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20297
Thermodynamic and transport properties of CO2, CO2–O2, and CO2–H2mixtures at temperatures of 300 to 30,000 K and pressures of 0.1 to 10 MPa
Authors: Tanaka Yasunori , Yamachi Nobuhiko , Matsumoto Shinji , Kaneko Shuhei , Okabe Shigemitsu , Shibuya Masatoyo 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThis paper provides the theoretical calculation results of thermodynamic and transport properties of CO2, CO2–O2mixture, CO2–H2mixture under thermal equilibrium condition at temperatures of 300 to 30,000 K and at pressures of 0.1 to 10 MPa. The gas CO2is one of the candidates for the environmentally benign arc‐quenching medium in a circuit breaker. Furthermore, the effect of additional gases O2and H2on the thermodynamic and transport properties of CO2was also investigated in this paper. The hydrogen atom included CO2is similar to the polymer ablated vapor in switching devices. First, equilibrium compositions of CO2, CO2–O2mixture, CO2–H2mixture were calculated through the Gibbs free energy minimization method. Second, thermodynamic properties were computed using the calculated composition. Finally, transport properties were calculated by the first‐order approximation of Chapman– Enskog method using the collision integrals between species. Inclusion of H2increases the electrical conductivity of CO2in the range 3000 to 6000 K because CHO molecules produced in this temperature range emit more electrons due to the lower ionization potential of CHO. It also increases the thermal conductivity of CO2especially due to dissociation reactions of H2around 3900 K and ionization of H around 15,000 K. These properties provided here can be used for CO2thermal plasma simulation. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 163(4): 18–29, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience. wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20467
Study on electromagnetic force in the end portion of large‐capacity cylindrical synchronous generators: Improvement of reactance estimation and verification of electromagnetic force
Authors: Nagano Susumu , Tokumasu Tadashi , Fujita Masafumi , Ichimonji Masayuki , Sekito Shinobu , Hiramatsu Daisuke , Nagakura Ken , Nitta Tanzo 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThis paper describes the calculation of reactance based on the FEM method from the point of view of changing conditions of electrical frequency as being effective for considering various kinds of transient phenomena. Moreover, the electromagnetic force on the end‐winding of the stator is used to evaluate the strength of the stator end‐winding support system, especially for large‐capacity cylindrical synchronous generators, where the end‐winding portion is the longest and the electromagnetic force on that portion is the greatest of all rotating machinery. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 163(4): 67–77, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20649
Estimation of position and size of an object in a homogeneous medium by electrical and ultrasonic integrated sensor
Authors: Shimizu Toshihiko , Kimoto Akira , Shida Katsunori 
Published: April 2008

AbstractIn this paper, three parameters, the position and size of an object inserted between the sensor and the temperature in the equipment, are estimated by using an electrical and ultrasonic integrated sensor. The integrated sensor consists of a pair of piezoelectric ceramics. The propagation time is measured by a pair of piezoelectric ceramics, and the conductance between a pair of piezoelectric ceramics is also measured by an electrode on the piezoelectric ceramic surface. Therefore, the electrical and ultrasonic properties are obtained by the proposed sensor. In the experiment, a gypsum specimen was inserted between a pair of piezoelectric ceramics arranged inside a cylindrical vessel filled with saline water of 0.1% concentration, and the conductance and propagation time were measured by a pair of piezoelectric ceramics at temperatures of 20, 25, and 30°C. Three gypsum specimens, with diameters of 35, 50, and 65 mm, were prepared. The positions and diameters of the gypsum specimens and the temperature in the equipment were estimated from the propagation time and conductance measured by the integrated sensor. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 163(4): 42–47, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20664
Structural, Magnetic and Magnetotransport Properties of La0.7Pb0.3(Mn1–xNix)O3 (0.1 ≤ x ≤ 0.3) CMR Manganites
Authors: Peña Alazne , Gutiérrez Jon , Campo Javier , Barandiarán Jose Manuel , Lezama Luis , Gil de Muro Izaskun , Rojo Teófilo 
Published: April 2008

AbstractStructural and magnetic properties of La0.7Pb0.3(Mn1–xNix)O3 (0.1 ≤ x ≤ 0.3) manganites are reported. Samples were fabricated by the sol–gel low‐temperature method. At room temperature, the first structural characterization of all phases indicated the rhombohedral space group (R$\bar {3}$c). All compositions show ferromagnetic behaviour and magnetoresistance. The measured low‐temperature magnetic moment and the Curie temperature continuously decrease, with respect to the undoped composition, as Mn ions are substituted progressively by Ni. This is interpreted in terms of direct substitution of Mn3+ by low‐spin (LS) Ni3+ ions. The measured magnetoresistance reaches 46 % for the 10 % Ni‐doped composition and 28 % for the 30 % Ni‐doped one at the corresponding Curie temperature. The resistivity behaviour of all the studied compounds is fully determined by the intergrainconduction mechanism, with grain sizes in the range20–45 nm.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
3,5‐Bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl Sulfones for the Highly Stereoselective Julia–Kocienski Synthesis of α,β‐Unsaturated Esters and Weinreb Amides
Authors: Alonso Diego A. , Fuensanta Mónica , Gómez‐Bengoa Enrique , Nájera Carmen 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe 3,5‐bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl (BTFP) sulfones tert‐butyl α‐(BTFPsulfonyl)acetate (4) and Weinreb α‐(BTFPsulfonyl)acetamide (5) have successfully been employed in the Julia–Kocienski olefination of aldehydes with K2CO3 as the base at 120 °C in DMF under solid/liquid phase‐transfer catalysis conditions to afford α,β‐unsaturated esters and Weinreb amides, respectively. The corresponding products were obtained in good yields and with high E stereoselectivities (E/Z up to >99:1), especially in the case of the amides. A detailed computational study of the Julia–Kocienski olefination with BTFP sulfone 4 was carried out and confirmed the existence of an equilibrium in the initial addition of the sulfone enolate to the aldehyde and, in contrast to other proposed mechanisms, a non‐concerted final elimination of SO2 and 3,5‐bis(trifluoromethyl)phenoxide. A plausible explanation for the high E diastereoselectivity observed in the reaction has been suggested based on kinetic considerations at spirocyclic TS2 and thermodynamic factors during the elimination after TS2. ESI‐MS studies carried out during the olefination reaction of benzaldehyde with BTFP sulfone 4 were used to characterize the sulfone enolate and the intermediate assumed for the reaction mechanism. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Annulation of Seven‐Membered Rings to [2.2]Paracyclophane
Authors: Ramm Sonja Margaretha , Hopf Henning , Jones Peter G. , Bubenitschek Peter , Ahrens Birte , Ernst Ludger 
Published: April 2008

AbstractTropylidenes 16 and 17 were prepared from [2.2]paracyclophane (10). On treatment with the corresponding trityl salts they were converted into tropyliophanes 26a (tetrafluoroborate) and 26b (perchlorate). With acetone, 26a furnished trapping product 27, which underwent a homo‐Diels–Alder addition with tetracyanoethylene to afford adduct 29. All new compounds were characterized by their spectroscopic and analytical data and for most – including 17 and 26b – the structures were also determined by X‐ray diffraction.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Bismuth Film Microelectrode Modified with Overoxidized Poly‐1‐Naphtylamine Protective Membrane for Enhanced Stripping Voltammetric Detection
Authors: Slavec Marija , Hočevar Samo B. , Ogorevc Božidar 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe application of protective overoxidized poly‐1‐naphtylamine membrane (ONAP) is demonstrated in combination with bismuth film microelectrode (ONAP‐BiFME) for anodic stripping voltammetric measurement of trace heavy metals in the presence of some selected surfactants. The ONAP membrane was electrochemically deposited on the surface of bare single carbon fiber microelectrode followed by the in situ or ex situ preparation of the bismuth film. The key operational parameters influencing the stripping performance of the ONAP‐BiFME were optimized and its electroanalytical performance was examined in the model solution containing Cd(II) and Pb(II) as test metal ions. The ONAP‐BiFME exhibited significantly enhanced stripping voltammetric response (approximately 70% for Cd(II) and 45% for Pb(II)) in comparison with unmodified BiFME in the absence of surfactants. In the presence of high concentrations, e.g., 20 mg L−1, of anionic or cationic surfactants, the stripping signal for, e.g., Cd(II) decreased for less than 6% at the ONAP‐BiFME, whereas at the unmodified BiFME the signal attenuated considerably (approximately 38%). Moreover, in the presence of 10 mg L−1 of nonionic surfactant Triton X‐100, the stripping signals at the bare BiFME were almost completely suppressed, whereas at the ONAP‐BiFME exhibited linear concentration behavior in the examined concentration range from 10 to 120 μg L−1, with the calculated limit of detection of 5.0 μg L−1 and 3.4 μg L−1 for Cd(II) and Pb(II), respectively in connection with 60 s accumulation time. The attractive behavior of ONAP‐modified BiFME expands the applicability of bismuth‐based electrodes for measurement of trace heavy metals in real environments, where the presence of more complex matrix can be expected.
Adenine Determination in the Presence of Copper in Diluted Alkaline Electrolyte by Adsorptive Stripping Voltammetry at the Mercury Film Electrode
Authors: Farias Percio Augusto Mardini , Aguiar Castro Arnaldo , de Luca Rebello Wagener Angela , Monsores Miguel Eliane 
Published: April 2008

AbstractHighly sensitive, simple and inexpensive techniques of adenine determination are particularly interesting in relation to the present development of ATP and DNA sensors. A nanomolar concentration of adenine can be determined in the presence of copper. For an accumulation time of 30 minutes, the detection limit found was 0.22 ppb (1.63×10−9 M). The method is based on controlled adsorptive accumulation of adenine‐copper at thin‐film mercury electrode followed by linear scan voltammetric measurement of the surface species. By applying a condition time of 60 s at −0.9 V, the same thin‐film can be used over several measurements. Optimum experimental conditions were found to be the use of a 5.0×10−3 M NaOH solution, an accumulation potential over the −0.20 to −0.40 V range, and a scan rate of 100 mV s−1. The response of adenine‐copper is linear over the concentration range 20–100 ppb. The more convenient ways to measuring adenine in the presence of metals and other nitrogenated bases were also investigated. The adenosine triphosphate (ATP) or deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are first treated with acid (e.g., 0.1 M perchloric acid), and the acid‐released adenine (without separation from others products of the degradation) is directly determined by adsorptive stripping voltammetry.
Constant Current Chronopotentiometry and Voltammetry of Native and Denatured Serum Albumin at Mercury and Carbon Electrodes
Authors: Ostatná Veronika , Kuralay Filiz , Trnková Libuše , Paleček Emil 
Published: April 2008

AbstractConstant current chronopotentiometric peak H at mercury electrodes was recently shown as a sensitive tool for global and local changes in protein conformation [1]. Large differences between the heights of peak H of native (hBSAnat) and denatured BSA (hBSAden) were observed. The ratio hBSAden/hBSAnat increased with more negative stripping current suggesting that the rate of potential change is important for discrimination between native and denatured BSA. Voltammetric peaks of BSA were less well developed and BSAden/BSAnat was much smaller. It was not possible to discriminate BSAden and BSAnat using carbon electrodes.
Particle holdup in a liquid–solid circulating fluidized bed
Authors: Hashizume Kenichi , Morita Shinichi 
Published: April 2008

AbstractAn experiment was conducted to acquire a set of systematic data of particle holdup in risers of a liquid–solid circulating fluidized bed. In the experiment, two kinds of riser were provided, their inner diameter being 24 mm and 36 mm, respectively. Tested particles were of glass and ceramics, having a diameter range from 2.10 to 4.95 mm. Water at ambient conditions was used as the fluidizing liquid. Particle holdup was measured using a shut‐off method. Based on the experimental data, a correlation for predicting the particle holdup was derived, which could reproduce almost all experimental data with an accuracy of ±15%. The effect of the wall was not recognized within the experimental range, i.e., the diameter ratio of particle to riser is less than 0.2. The independent parameters affecting the flow characteristics of liquid–solid circulating fluidized beds were identified. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res, 37(3): 184–196, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www. interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/htj.20194
Enhancement of heat transfer in hydrogen storage tank with hydrogen absorbing alloy (optimum fin layout)
Authors: Mitsutake Yuichi , Monde Masanori , Shigetaka Kengo , Tsunokake Shigeru , Fuura Tatsuya 
Published: April 2008

AbstractOptimization of the fin layout in a metal hydride (MH) bed has been sought to enhance poor heat transmission in a hydrogen storage tank, and to obtain a maximum hydrogen absorption rate with a smaller volume of fins. Two different fin configurations, radial and circular fins, in a vertical cylindrical reactor vessel were tested with a La‐Ni‐based AB5 type hydrogen storage alloy. A two‐dimensional transient heat conduction analysis, coupled with predicted temperature and concentration of absorbed hydrogen in the bed for the exothermic hydride reaction, was used to evaluate enhancement of the hydrogen absorption time. The estimated temperature and concentration agreed within 6 K and 8.5%, respectively, with our experimental results. The effect of thickness and the spacing and shape of fins on the hydrogen absorption time were analytically evaluated, so that the optimum range of the each fin layout was obtained by the trade off between absorption time and reduction in the MH volume due to the volume occupied by fins. The hydrogen absorption time for the recommended layout of circular fins was reduced to approximately one‐third of that without fins. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res, 37(3): 165–183, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/htj.20195
Heat transfer characteristics of liquid–solid circulating fluidized beds
Authors: Hashizume Kenichi , Kimura Yoichi 
Published: April 2008

AbstractAn experiment was conducted to obtain heat transfer data in liquid–solid circulating fluidized beds. In the experiment, two kinds of risers were provided, their inner diameter being 24 mm and 12 mm, respectively. Tested particles were of glass and ceramics, having a diameter range from 2.10 to 4.95 mm. Water at ambient conditions was used as the fluidizing liquid. The experimental data showed a trend where the heat transfer coefficient increases gradually with increasing liquid velocity approaching that for a liquid single‐phase flow (“heat transfer enhanced region”), and finally coincides with that for a liquid single‐phase flow (“liquid single‐phase heat transfer region”). The heat transfer coefficient in the heat transfer enhanced region was found to be a function of the slip velocity between liquid and particles. Based on the experimental data, a correlation was proposed for predicting the heat transfer coefficient in the entire region from the heat transfer enhanced region to the liquid single‐phase heat transfer region, which could reproduce the experimental data with an accuracy of ±15%. The proposed correlation agreed well with existing data. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res, 37(3): 127–137, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/htj.20200
The interaction of human neuroglobin with hydrogen sulphide
Authors: Brittain Thomas , Yosaatmadja Yuliana , Henty Kristen 
Published: April 2008

AbstractNeuroglobin has been identified to protect brain neurons from apoptotic stress. Hydrogen sulphide has a role in the brain as a neuromodulator, involving NMDA receptor activation. Here we report on studies of the in vitro interaction of ferric neuroglobin with hydrogen sulphide. Hydrogen sulphide binds very tightly to the heme group of neuroglobin in a biphasic reaction. The faster of the two reaction processes is concentration dependent whilst the slower process is not. The rate of hydrogen sulphide binding is pH sensitive and as the pH is reduced over the physiological range the rate of reaction increases by a factor of ∼10. This change in reactivity appears to reflect the ionisation of the heme distal His ligand rather than a preference for the binding of H2S. We discuss the potential role of neuroglobin in the modulation of hydrogen sulphide sensitivity of neurons in the brain. © 2008 IUBMB IUBMB Life, 60(2): 135–138, 2008
Signaling mechanisms in skeletal muscle: Acute responses and chronic adaptations to exercise
Authors: Röckl Katja S.C. , Witczak Carol A. , Goodyear Laurie J. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractPhysical activity elicits physiological responses in skeletal muscle that result in a number of health benefits, in particular in disease states, such as type 2 diabetes. An acute bout of exercise/muscle contraction improves glucose homeostasis by increasing skeletal muscle glucose uptake, while chronic exercise training induces alterations in the expression of metabolic genes, such as those involved in muscle fiber type, mitochondrial biogenesis, or glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) protein levels. A primary goal of exercise research is to elucidate the mechanisms that regulate these important metabolic and transcriptional events in skeletal muscle. In this review, we briefly summarize the current literature describing the molecular signals underlying skeletal muscle responses to acute and chronic exercise. The search for possible exercise/contraction‐stimulated signaling proteins involved in glucose transport, muscle fiber type, and mitochondrial biogenesis is ongoing. Further research is needed because full elucidation of exercise‐mediated signaling pathways would represent a significant step toward the development of new pharmacological targets for the treatment of metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes. © 2008 IUBMB IUBMB Life, 60(3): 145–153, 2008