bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The 3D‐printed shell complete denture technique: Simplifying prosthodontic diagnosis prior to implant planning
Authors: Azpiazu‐Flores Francisco X. , Yang Chao‐Chieh , Lin Wei‐Shao , Polido Waldemar D. , Morton Dean 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTraditionally, artificial teeth arrangements or the definitive complete dentures are used to establish important prosthodontic parameters such as the occlusal plane orientation, vertical dimension, and the incisal edge position. The relationship of these elements with the underlying bony structures is commonly evaluated using advanced planning protocols such as the dual scan technique. This technique article presents an uncomplicated alternative approach to establish these parameters intraorally using a 3D‐printed shell complete denture generated from a 3D scan of the patient's existing complete denture.
Utilization of dental care and dentate status in diabetic and nondiabetic patients across US states: An analysis using the 2020 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
Authors: Aldosari Muath , Archer Hannah R. , Almutairi Fahad T. , Alzuhair Saud H. , Aldosari Mohammad A. , Kennedy Erinne 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study examines the differences, by state, in dental care utilization and tooth retention between adults with and without diabetes mellitus (DM).MethodsWe conducted a secondary analysis of data from the 2020 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, an annual, state‐based, random telephone survey of noninstitutionalized US civilian adults. The predictor variable was DM status. The outcome variables were time since the last dental appointment and tooth loss. We utilized multiple multinomial logistic regression models followed by postestimation procedures to determine state‐level adjusted proportions for dental visits within the last year and complete teeth retention among DM and non‐DM adults.ResultsAmong adults with DM, 60.0% reported dentist visits within a year of survey participation, while 53.6% had complete tooth retention. As education and income levels increased, dental attendance and tooth retention increased among adults with DM. Most Southern states had a higher prevalence of DM, a lower proportion of dentist visits, and worse tooth retention among DM adults. Nationally, DM individuals were 4.3 percentage points less likely to visit a dentist and were 7 percent less likely to have complete teeth retention than non‐DM adults. Compared with the national average, 25/50 states had greater disparities in dental visits between DM and non‐DM adults, and 27/50 states had greater disparities in tooth loss between DM and non‐DM adults.ConclusionState‐level variations indicate geographical and dental coverage influences on DM and dental outcomes. There is a need for state‐specific interventions to improve dental access and outcomes for adults with DM.
Iconicity and Gesture Jointly Facilitate Learning of Second Language Signs at First Exposure in Hearing Nonsigners
Authors: Karadöller Dilay Z. , Peeters David , Manhardt Francie , Özyürek Aslı , Ortega Gerardo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWhen learning spoken second language (L2), words overlapping in form and meaning with one's native language (L1) help break into the new language. When nonsigning speakers learn a sign language as L2, such overlaps are absent because of the modality differences (L1: speech, L2: sign). In such cases, nonsigning speakers might use iconic form‐meaning mappings in signs or their own gestural experience as gateways into the to‐be‐acquired sign language. In this study, we investigated how both these phenomena may contribute jointly to the acquisition of sign language vocabulary by hearing nonsigners. Participants were presented with three types of signs in the Sign Language of the Netherlands (NGT): arbitrary signs, iconic signs with high or low gesture overlap. Signs that were both iconic and highly overlapping with gestures boosted learning most at first exposure, and this effect remained the day after. Findings highlight the influence of modality‐specific attributes supporting the acquisition of a signed lexicon.
Grit, resilience and growth‐mindset interventions in health professional students: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Calo Marlena , Judd Belinda , Peiris Casey 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectivesGrit, resilience and a growth‐mindset influence students' ability to positively adapt to the challenges of health professional training. However, it is unclear if interventions can improve these traits. This systematic review aimed to explore if interventions can improve these traits in health professional students (primary) and their impact on academic and/or wellbeing outcomes (secondary).MethodsA comprehensive search of CINAHL, MEDLINE, Eric and Embase was conducted from inception until 15 March 2023. Randomised or non‐randomised controlled trials and single‐group intervention studies that aimed to improve health professional students' resilience, grit and/or growth‐mindset were eligible for inclusion. Two reviewers independently screened studies for inclusion and evaluated quality using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Post‐intervention data from randomised and non‐randomised control trials were pooled using a random‐effects model to calculate standardised mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsResilience interventions improved resilience by a moderate amount in 13 studies with 990 participants (pooled SMD 0.74, 95%CI 0.03 to 1.46) and a large amount when interventions were greater than one session duration in 10 trials with 740 participants (pooled SMD 0.97, 95%CI 0.08 to 1.85). Grit and growth‐mindset interventions improved grit (pooled SMD 0.48, 95%CI −0.05 to 1.00, n = 2) and growth‐mindset (pooled SMD 0.25, 95%CI −0.18 to 0.68, n = 2) by a small amount. Resilience interventions decreased perceived stress by a small amount (pooled SMD −0.38, 95%CI −0.62 to −0.14, n = 5).ConclusionsResilience interventions improve resilience and decrease perceived stress in health professional students. Preliminary evidence suggests grit and growth‐mindset interventions may also benefit health professional students. Interventions may be most effective when they are longer than one session and targeted to students with low baseline levels of resilience and grit.
Are languages and dialects inventions of nationalism? On the problem of totalising metalanguage
Authors: Vukotić Vuk 
Published: April 2024

AbstractScholars of nationalism generally acknowledge that what counts as ‘a language’ and what as ‘a dialect’ is determined by historical and political circumstance, that both notions are idealisations of linguistic practice rather than objective entities and that the reality of language is fuzzy and complex. However, they nevertheless continue to talk about (and analyse) ‘linguistic entities’ in the same way nationalists do: as homogenous, closed systems. Paralleling Brubaker's groupist language, this paper proposes the notion of totalising metalanguage to signify all ways of talking about linguistic phenomena that reify them into unproblematically existing objects. I analyse the historical development of dialectology in Croatia and Serbia from the 19th century until today to show how dubious linguistic taxonomies have been presented in the discourse as objectively existing linguistic entities. The paper invites scholars of nationalism to seek alternative approaches to the language‐dialect dichotomy than that offered by the outdated model of Joshua Fishman.
Validity evidence of the use of quantitative measures of students in elementary mathematics education
Authors: Ing Marsha , Kosko Karl W. , Jong Cindy , Shih Jeffrey C. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractQuantitative measures in mathematics education have informed policies and practices for over a century. Thus, it is critical that such measures in mathematics education have sufficient validity evidence to improve mathematics experiences for students. This article provides a systematic review of the validity evidence related to measures used in elementary mathematics education. The review includes measures that focus on elementary students as the unit of analyses and attends to validity as defined by current conceptions of measurement. Findings suggest that one in ten measures in mathematics education include rigorous evidence to support intended uses. Recommendations are made to support mathematics education researchers to continue to take steps to improve validity evidence in the design and use of quantitative measures.
Comprehensive assessment of drought resistance and recovery in kiwifruit genotypes using multivariate analysis
Authors: Bao Wen‐Wu , Chen Xi , Li Ruo‐Nan , Li Min , Xie Cui‐Juan , Dou Meng‐Ru , Zhang Kang‐Zhuang , Wang Jian , Gao Zhi‐Xiong , Liu Zhan‐De , Xu Yan 
Published: April 2024

SUMMARYAs global climate change persists, ongoing warming exposes plants, including kiwifruit, to repeated cycles of drought stress and rewatering, necessitating the identification of drought‐resistant genotypes for breeding purposes. To better understand the physiological mechanisms underlying drought resistance and recovery in kiwifruit, moderate (40–45% field capacity) and severe (25–30% field capacity) drought stresses were applied, followed by rewatering (80–85% field capacity) to eight kiwifruit rootstocks in this study. We then conducted a multivariate analysis of 20 indices for the assessment of drought resistance and recovery capabilities. Additionally, we identified four principal components, each playing a vital role in coping with diverse water conditions. Three optimal indicator groups were pinpointed, enhancing precision in kiwifruit drought resistance and recovery assessment and simplifying the evaluation system. Finally, MX‐1 and HW were identified as representative rootstocks for future research on kiwifruit's responses to moderate and severe drought stresses. This study not only enhances our understanding of the response mechanisms of kiwifruit rootstocks to progressive drought stress and recovery but also provides theoretical guidance for reliable screening of drought‐adaptive kiwifruit genotypes.
3D skin bioprinting as promising therapeutic strategy for radiation‐associated skin injuries
Authors: Lv Xiaofan , Zhao Na , Long Shuang , Wang Guojian , Ran Xinze , Gao Jining , Wang Junping , Wang Tao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBoth cutaneous radiation injury and radiation combined injury (RCI) could have serious skin traumas, which are collectively referred to as radiation‐associated skin injuries in this paper. These two types of skin injuries require special managements of wounds, and the therapeutic effects still need to be further improved. Cutaneous radiation injuries are common in both radiotherapy patients and victims of radioactive source accidents, which could lead to skin necrosis and ulcers in serious conditions. At present, there are still many challenges in management of cutaneous radiation injuries including early diagnosis, lesion assessment, and treatment prognosis. Radiation combined injuries are special and important issues in severe nuclear accidents, which often accompanied by serious skin traumas. Mass victims of RCI would be the focus of public health concern. Three‐dimensional (3D) bioprinting, as a versatile and favourable technique, offers effective approaches to fabricate biomimetic architectures with bioactivity, which provides potentials for resolve the challenges in treating radiation‐associated skin injuries. Combining with the cutting‐edge advances in 3D skin bioprinting, the authors analyse the damage characteristics of skin wounds in both cutaneous radiation injury and RCI and look forward to the potential value of 3D skin bioprinting for the treatments of radiation‐associated skin injuries.
Novel antifungals and treatment approaches to tackle resistance and improve outcomes of invasive fungal disease
Authors: Hoenigl Martin , Arastehfar Amir , Arendrup Maiken Cavling , Brüggemann Roger , Carvalho Agostinho , Chiller Tom , Chen Sharon , Egger Matthias , Feys Simon , Gangneux Jean-Pierre , Gold Jeremy A. W. , Groll Andreas H. , Heylen Jannes , Jenks Jeffrey D. , Krause Robert , Lagrou Katrien , Lamoth Frédéric , Prattes Juergen , Sedik Sarah , Wauters Joost , Wiederhold Nathan P. , Thompson George R. 
Published: April 2024

SUMMARY

Fungal infections are on the rise, driven by a growing population at risk and climate change. Currently available antifungals include only five classes, and their utility and efficacy in antifungal treatment are limited by one or more of innate or acquired resistance in some fungi, poor penetration into “sequestered” sites, and agent-specific side effect which require frequent patient reassessment and monitoring. Agents with novel mechanisms, favorable pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles including good oral bioavailability, and fungicidal mechanism(s) are urgently needed. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of novel antifungal agents, with both improved known mechanisms of actions and new antifungal classes, currently in clinical development for treating invasive yeast, mold (filamentous fungi),
Pneumocystis jirovecii
infections, and dimorphic fungi (endemic mycoses). We further focus on inhaled antifungals and the role of immunotherapy in tackling fungal infections, and the specific PK/pharmacodynamic profiles, tissue distributions as well as drug-drug interactions of novel antifungals. Finally, we review antifungal resistance mechanisms, the role of use of antifungal pesticides in agriculture as drivers of drug resistance, and detail detection methods for antifungal resistance.
Survey of rice (Oryza sativa L.) production ecosystems in northern Ghana confirms low risk of exposure to potential toxic elements from local grain consumption
Authors: Adomako Eureka E.A. , Aboagye-Ghunney Kow , Owusu Prince 
Published: April 2024

Expanding local rice production to meet consumer demand is a priority action under the Government of Ghana’s Planting for Food and Jobs initiative. While studies on yield-enhancing interventions abound, fewer studies focus on food safety issues (e.g., the potential toxic element status of the production ecosystems). This study was, therefore, conducted to bridge the knowledge gap. Chemical analyses were conducted on water, soil, and rice grain samples from different production ecosystems in the Northern and Upper East regions of Ghana. Statistical analysis of the data showed that soil and rice grain arsenic concentrations were significantly higher ( P < 0.001) in the Upper East region. In the Northern region, mean cadmium concentration in rice grains from the irrigated lowland fields (0.023±0.003 mg/kg) was significantly higher than in grains from the rainfed fields. All recorded concentrations of rice grain arsenic, cadmium, and lead were, however, within permissible limits, indicating a low risk of dietary exposure. The observed differences in concentrations within and between regions suggest that soil texture and other geogenic factors could influence the potential toxic element status of the rice production ecosystems. Regular monitoring is, therefore, recommended to maintain the safety of Ghana’s locally produced rice for human consumption.
Testing Yukawa cosmology at the Milky Way and M31 galactic scales
Authors: D’Agostino Rocco , Jusufi Kimet , Capozziello Salvatore 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe address the galaxy rotation curves through the Yukawa gravitational potential emerging as a correction of the Newtonian potential in extended theories of gravity. On the one hand, we consider the contribution of the galactic bulge, galactic disk, and the dark matter halo of the Navarro–Frenk–White profile, in the framework of the standard $$\Lambda $$
Λ
CDM model. On the other hand, we use modified Yukawa gravity to show that the rotational velocity of galaxies can be addressed successfully without the need for dark matter. In Yukawa gravity, we recover MOND and show that dark matter might be seen as an apparent effect due to the modification of the law of gravitation in terms of two parameters: the coupling constant $$\alpha $$
α
and the characteristic length $$\lambda $$
λ
. We thus test our theoretical scenario using the Milky Way and M31 rotation velocity curves. In particular, we place observational constraints on the free parameters of Yukawa cosmology through the Monte Carlo method and then compare our results with the predictions of the $$\Lambda $$
Λ
CDM paradigm by making use of Bayesian information criteria. Specifically, we find that $$\lambda $$
λ
is constrained to be of the order of kpc, while cosmological data suggest $$\lambda $$
λ
of the order of Gpc. To explain this discrepancy, we argue that there is a fundamental limitation in measuring $$\lambda $$
λ
due to the role of quantum mechanics on cosmological scales.
ПОКАЗНИКИ ЛІПІДНОГО ОБМІНУ В ПАЦІЄНТІВ ІЗ ГОСТРИМ КОРОНАРНИМ СИНДРОМОМ ТА ХРОНІЧНОЮ ХВОРОБОЮ НИРОК ЗАЛЕЖНО ВІД РІВНЯ ШВИДКОСТІ КЛУБОЧКОВОЇ ФІЛЬТРАЦІЇ ТА ФАКТОРА КУРІННЯ
Authors: Яджин О. В. , Кузь Н. Б. 
Published: April 2024

РЕЗЮМЕ. У статті наведено результати дослідження особливостей порушень ліпідного обміну у хворих з гострим коронарним синдромом (ГКС) та хронічною хворобою нирок (ХХН) залежно від рівня швидкості клубочкової фільтрації та фактора куріння.
Мета. Проаналізувати особливості порушень ліпідного обміну у хворих з ГКС та ХХН, залежно від рівня швидкості клубочкової фільтрації та фактора куріння.
Матеріал і методи. Обстежено 186 пацієнтів з ГКС та ХХН, середній вік – 60,34±0,88 років. Залежно від рівня ШКФ пацієнтів розподілено у дві групи: І група – 73 пацієнти зі ШКФ <60 мл/хв/1,73 м2; ІІ група – 113 пацієнтів зі ШКФ ≥60 мл/хв/1,73 м2. Хворих двох груп було розподілено у дві підгрупи за фактором куріння: І к, ІІ к – курці та І нк, ІІ нк – некурці.
Результати. У групі курців, порівняно з некурцями, визначено достовірно вищі середні рівні загального холестерину (ЗХС) на 7,71 % (к) проти (нк), p<0,05; холестерину ліпопротеїдів низької щільності (ХС ЛПНЩ) на 11,92 % (к) проти (нк), p<0,05 та холестерину не ліпопротеїдів високої щільності (ХС не-ЛПВЩ) на 9,52 % (к) проти (нк), p<0,05. У І групі реєструються достовірно нижчі середні рівні холестерину ліпопротеїдів високої щільності (ХС ЛПВЩ) та вищі рівні тригліцеридів (ТГ) порівняно з ІІ групою (ХС ЛПВЩ – на 7,69 %, p<0,05; ТГ – на 14,97 %, p<0,05). Результати дослідження засвідчили, що у підгрупах курців (І к, ІІ к), порівняно з некурцями (І нк, ІІ нк), незалежно від ШКФ реєструються суттєві порушення ліпідного обміну, а саме: достовірно вищі середні рівні ЗХС (на 14,71 % (І к) проти (І нк), p<0,05; на 8,51 % (ІІ к) проти (ІІ нк), p<0,05), ХС ЛПНЩ (на 19,54 % (І к) проти (І нк), p<0,05; на 12,38 % (ІІ к) проти (ІІ нк), p<0,05), ТГ (на 20,83 % (І к) проти (І нк), p<0,05; на 15,12 % (ІІ к) проти (ІІ нк), p<0,05), ХС не-ЛПВЩ (на 16,82 % (І к) проти (І нк), p<0,05; на 11,67 % (ІІ к) проти (ІІ нк), p<0,05) та нижчі ХС ЛПВЩ (на 12,07 % (І к) проти (І нк), p<0,05; на 12,39 % (ІІ к) проти (ІІ нк), p<0,05).
Висновки. У групі курців порівняно з некурцями встановлено достовірно вищі середні рівні проатерогенних фракцій ліпідів (ЗХС, ХС ЛПНЩ, ХС не-ЛПВЩ). У хворих зі ШКФ <60 мл/хв/1,73 м2 (І) реєструється достовірно нижчий середній рівень ХС ЛПВЩ та вищий ТГ порівняно з групою хворих зі ШКФ ≥60 мл/хв/1,73 м2 (ІІ). Не залежно від рівня ШКФ, у підгрупах курців (І к, ІІ к), порівняно з некурцями (І нк, ІІ нк), спостерігаються істотні розлади ліпідного обміну атерогенного характеру, зокрема підвищення рівнів ЗХС, ХС ЛПНЩ, ТГ, ХС не-ЛПВЩ та зниження ХС ЛПВЩ.
ROSPECTS FOR THE USE OF H-REFLEXOMETRY IN THE STUDY OF HUMAN MOTOR FUNCTION
Authors: Ivanchenko O. Z. , Melnikova O. Z. , Lukina H. M. , Mikaelyan G. R. 
Published: April 2024

SUMMARY. The article application of H-reflexometry in the study of the central mechanisms of random human movements, which is mainly carried out on healthy subjects, is demonstrated. It has been shown that the results of clinical trials performed by H-reflexometry with the participation of injured people or people with neurological disorders provide additional information about these mechanisms, reveal the causes of human motor function disorders, contribute to the improvement of methods of their study and provide opportunities for the implementation of rehabilitation measures.
The aim – to evaluate the prospects of using H-reflexometry in the study of central mechanisms of movements and means of restoring and maximizing the motor capabilities of people.
Material and Methods. The analysis was carried out using the scientific biological and medical information search system PubMed.
Results. H-reflexometry was used both for the study of motor functions of healthy people and patients with injuries and neurological disorders. The authors studied mainly H-reflexes m.soleus, m. flexor carpi radialis, m. quadriceps. The total number of publications with the results of studies performed on other muscles indicates the possibility of a wider use of H-reflexometry in the study of motor functions in humans than is generally accepted and currently implemented. It was found that H-reflexometry was used to the greatest extent in the researches of the mechanisms of motor disorders arising as a result of stroke and spinal cord injuries.
Conclusions. The results of the review indicate that H-reflexometry provides ample opportunities to study human motor function in normal and pathological conditions, and it may be especially promising at present to examine injured people using this method, to implement and monitor their rehabilitation measures.
РЕАКТИВАЦІЯ ХРОНІЧНОГО ЛАЙМ-БОРЕЛІОЗУ ПІСЛЯ ПЕРЕНЕСЕНОЇ ІНФЕКЦІЇ COVID-19: КЛІНІЧНИЙ ВИПАДОК
Authors: Господарський І. Я. , Бойко Т. В. 
Published: April 2024

РЕЗЮМЕ. Враховуючи зростаючу актуальність комбінованого перебігу інфекційних захворювань розглянуто клінічний випадок реактивації хронічного Лайм-бореліозу після COVID-19.
Мета роботи – підтвердити потенційний вплив коронавірусної хвороби на можливість реактивації хронічної інфекційної патології, навіть за умови легкого перебігу COVID-19 на прикладі клінічного випадку реактивації хронічного Лайм-бореліозу.
Матеріал і методи. При дослідженні застосовані клініко-анамнестичні, епідеміологічні, лабораторні (загальноклінічні, лабораторні та інструментальні (електрокардіографія, Холтерівське моніторування, рентгенологічне) обстеження.
Результати. Був встановлений діагноз бореліозного поліартриту, а за результатами лабораторного та інструментального обстеження – Лайм-міокардиту. У ході подальшого пошуку потенційного збудника, який призвів до виявлених змін, хворий протестований на виявлення антитіл до Bоrrelia burgdorferi методом імуноферментного аналізу. Отриманий позитивний результат при детекції специфічних антитіл (IgM – 46,64 ОД/мл, IgG – 87,31 ОД/мл) вказував на реактивацію Лайм-бореліозу. Призначено лікування: доксициклін 100 мг × 2 рази/добу на 28 днів, протизапальна терапія. Після завершення курсу етіотропної терапії – клінічна ремісія, а також – негативні результати специфічних IgM через 3, 6 і 12 місяців.
Висновок. На клінічному випадку показані труднощі встановлення діагнозу реактивації Лайм-бореліозу, наголошено на необхідності клінічної настороженості фахівців практичної охорони здоров’я щодо подібних випадків, навіть за умови легкого перебігу COVID-19.