bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Task-dependent Modulation Masking of a 4-Hz Envelope Following Responses
Authors: Watson Sam , Dau Torsten , Hjortkjær Jens 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The perception and recognition of natural sounds, like speech, rely on the processing of slow amplitude modulations. Perception can be hindered by interfering modulations at similar rates, a phenomenon known as modulation masking. Cortical envelope following responses (EFRs) are highly sensitive to these slow modulations, but it is unclear how modulation masking impacts these cortical envelope responses. To dissociate stimulus-driven and attention-driven effects, we recorded EEG responses to a 4-Hz modulated noise in a two-way factorial design, varying the level of modulation masking and intermodal attention. Auditory stimuli contained one of three random masking bands in the stimulus envelope, at various proximities in modulation frequency to the 4-Hz target, or an unmasked reference condition. During EEG recordings, the same stimuli were presented while participants performed either an auditory or a visual change detection task. Attention to the auditory modality resulted in a general enhancement of sustained EFR responses to the 4-Hz target. In the visual task condition only, EFR 4-Hz power systematically decreased with increasing modulation masking, consistent with psychophysical masking patterns. However, during the auditory task, the 4-Hz EFRs were unaffected by masking and remained strong even with the highest degrees of masking. Rather than indicating a general bottom–up modulation selective process, these results indicate that the masking of cortical envelope responses interacts with attention. We propose that auditory attention allows robust tracking of masked envelopes, possibly through a form of glimpsing of the target, whereas envelope responses to task-irrelevant auditory stimuli reflect stimulus salience.
The Legal Issues Regarding the Reimbursement of Drugs Used to Treat Muscular Atrophy and the Actual Situation in the Slovak Republic
Authors: Zajác Ševcová Katarína 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This article explores the legal problems regarding reimbursing drugs used to treat muscular atrophy. The article highlights the importance of insurance coverage for patients with muscular atrophy and the need for more uniform policies. In the Slovak Republic, the state health insurance company refused to reimburse the medicine several times, although it made an exception for other children in the past. The patient asked the civil court to order an urgent measure. The court granted this proposal and ordered the insurance company to pay for the drug Zolgensma. The article analyzes the legal nature of this case considering fundamental human rights.
Slavonic Sirach from the Library of F.A. Tolstoy
Authors: Sizikov Aleksandr 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
A manuscript from the collection of count F.A. Tolstoy in the National Library of Russia (F.I.211) contains a consistent selection of fragments from the book of Sirach in Church Slavonic. The same text was included in the Great Menaion Reader of Metropolitan Makary for December 31. Preliminary analyses indicate that the text testifies to variant readings of a Greek source that are not attested in any other Slavonic recension of this book. It also bears significant differences in the choice of grammatical and lexical equivalents in the translation from the Greek, which allows us to consider it as an independent translation. In this article, we offer an overview of the Church Slavonic sources of Sirach, provide some key characteristics of the translation in the F.I.211 manuscript, and edit its text.
Cause or moral responsibility?
Authors: Goulette Valentin , Thrierr Jasmine , Verkampt Fanny 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The literature shows that an individual’s moral valence affects the causal judgements of social observers. The effect is considered by some to be a cognitive bias. This article challenges this notion by investigating the relationship between how facts are presented to participants and their interpretation of causal judgment tasks, whether as a search for moral responsibility or a strict causal link. To do this, we proposed the first categorisation of the causal models of the facts described (i.e. the arrangement of causes presented to the participants). Through a systematic review, our analysis suggests an alternative hypothesis to the cognitive bias view: the arrangement of the facts presented to the participants could influence the relevant interpretation they make of the causal judgement task. Specifically, the causal models predominantly used in the literature may prompt an interpretation focused on attributing blame rather than identifying a narrow causal link.
The Sound of the Homeric Hymn to Demeter
Authors: Altunin Thyra-Lilja 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Created when ancient Greek poetry was primarily composed, performed, and experienced through oral traditions, the Homeric Hymn to Demeter reflects and preserves within its words elements of its soundscape as a performed song and the memories/emotions/reactions that it would have triggered in its audience. The intonational patterns of the Greek words and phrases encoded within the text’s accentuation, when they were expressed through the performer’s voices, could have served as cues for the listeners’ imagination and cultural memory. This paper aims to introduce a method of reconstructing melodic/tonal contours of the HH2 from the accentuation in the text and to illustrate the possible use of these melodic contours to characterise certain aspects of the sonic environment of the performed hymn. By analysing examples from the text, including sound descriptions and dialogues, this paper illustrates how sound and speech-melody, as reflected in the melodic contours, connect to the poem’s semantic content.
Comparing Perspective in Drawings, Photographs, and Perception
Authors: Hertzmann Aaron 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this paper, I compare perspective in my observational drawings to photographs that I took at the same time, and, where memory allows, discuss how both relate to the visual experiences. This comparison reveals several consistent trends, including systematic size differences for distant objects, differences in foreshortening, a dependence of object shape on canvas shape, and multiperspective composition. Many of these trends can be found in historical artworks as well. Some have been previously identified in the literature, but discussions often involve very incomplete information, for example, analysis of Renaissance perspective has involved considerable speculation about the artists’ subjects and thought processes, and unfounded assumptions about the “correctness” of linear perspective. In general, if a painting and a photograph of a scene differ in some aspect, it might be that the drawing does not match visual experience of that aspect, that the photograph does not, or both. Identifying such systematic differences offers avenues for future study of how pictures and visual experience relate, and what causes these differences.
Recalibrating an Established Microsimulation Model to Capture Trends and Projections of Colorectal Cancer Incidence and Mortality
Authors: Lew Jie-Bin , Luo Qingwei , Worthington Joachim , Ge Han , He Emily , Steinberg Julia , Caruana Michael , O’Connell Dianne L. , Feletto Eleonora , Canfell Karen 
Published: February 2025

Background Changing colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence rates, including recent increases for people younger than 50 y, need to be considered in planning for future cancer control and screening initiatives. Reliable estimates of the impact of changing CRC trends on the National Bowel Cancer Screening Program (NBCSP) are essential for programmatic planning in Australia. An existing microsimulation model of CRC, Policy1-Bowel, was updated to reproduce Australian CRC trends data and provide updated projections of CRC- and screening-related outcomes to inform clinical practice guidelines for the prevention of CRC. Methods Policy1-Bowel was recalibrated to reproduce statistical age-period-cohort model trends and projections of CRC incidence for 1995–2045 in the absence of the NBCSP as well as published data on CRC incidence trends, stage distribution, and survival in 1995–2020 in Australia. The recalibrated Policy1-Bowel predictions were validated by comparison with published Australian CRC mortality trends for 1995–2015 and statistical projections to 2040. Metamodels were developed to aid the calibration process and significantly reduce the computational burden. Results Policy1-Bowel was recalibrated, and best-fit parameter sets were identified for lesion incidence, CRC stage progression rates, detection rates, and survival rates by age, sex, bowel location, cancer stage, and birth year. The recalibrated model was validated and successfully reproduced observed CRC mortality rates for 1995–2015 and statistical projections for 2016–2030. Conclusion The recalibrated Policy1-Bowel model captures significant additional detail on the future incidence and mortality burden of CRC in Australia. This is particularly relevant as younger cohorts with higher CRC incidence rates approach screening ages to inform decision making for these groups. The metamodeling approach allows fast recalibration and makes regular updates to incorporate new evidence feasible. Highlights In Australia, colorectal cancer incidence rates are increasing for people younger than 50 y but decreasing for people older than 50 y, and colorectal cancer survival is improving as new treatment technologies emerge. To evaluate the future health and economic impact of screening and inform policy, modeling must include detailed trends and projections of colorectal cancer incidence, mortality, and diagnosis stage. We used novel techniques including integrative age-period cohort projections and metamodel calibration to update Policy1-Bowel, a detailed microsimulation of colorectal cancer and screening in Australia.
Effects of Asiaticosides on Scar Recovery and Psychological Well-being in Patients with Scald Injuries
Authors: Li Li , Liu Le , Wang Tingting 
Published: February 2025

Background Scar recovery in elderly burn patients is essential for wound healing and psychological well-being. Total glycosides from Centella asiatica have gained attention for their anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and wound-healing properties, showing promise in burn care. Purpose This study investigates the synergistic effects of combined nursing interventions and Asiaticosides on scar recovery and psychological well-being in patients undergoing scald scar repair. The pharmacological properties of these glycosides, including their anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and wound-healing potential, are explored in the context of clinical care to enhance patient outcomes. Methods A cohort of 184 patients treated for scald scars between April 2023 and April 2024 was divided into two groups: an observation group receiving combined nursing interventions with Asiaticosides, and a comparison group receiving standard care. Scar assessment was conducted using the Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS), pain was measured by the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and psychological states were evaluated using the Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS). Results Statistically significant improvements were observed in the observation group, including reduced VSS and VAS scores, as well as enhanced psychological states, compared to the control group ( p < 0.05). The glycosides facilitated faster scar healing, reduced inflammation, and improved overall patient well-being. Conclusion Asiaticosides exhibit promising therapeutic potential in enhancing scar recovery and psychological health in elderly scald patients when combined with comprehensive nursing care. Further research into their mechanisms may solidify their role in integrated scald injury management.
Examining U.S. Adults Risk Perceptions and Skin Protection Behaviors Using the 2022 HINTS Database
Authors: Etzel Madison , Eldawy Nada , Kaleem Sahar , Lent Austin , Dean Adrienne , Dunn Ayden , Brinzo Paige , Jimenez Samantha , Sacca Lea 
Published: February 2025

Background This study aims to provide a general overview of cancer risk perceptions and reported sunburns to prevent sunburn and reduce the long-term risk of developing skin cancer. Methods Data were obtained from the 2022 Health Information National Trends Survey 6 and analysis was carried out with SPSS. Descriptive statistics were conducted to explore sociodemographic characteristics, cancer risk perceptions, and behaviors surrounding sunburns in our sample. Associations between number of sunburns and sociodemographic variables were reported using multinomial regression analysis. Results When asked how confident patients felt about their ability to take good care of their own health, most respondents felt either very confident (44.0%) or completely confident (27.3%). When asked how often they experienced a sunburn in the past 12 months, 2.1% reported experiencing more than 6 sunburns, 30.3% reported having between 1-5 sunburns, and 67.6% reported experiencing no sunburns. Using multinomial regression analysis, statistically significant associations were reported between number of sunburns and age, gender, occupation status, marital status, education, Hispanic origin, race, and income level. Conclusion The results of our study reinforce the need for public health interventions that effectively disseminate information on skin cancer risk across ethnic minority groups, especially in underserved communities within the U.S.
Predictive values of prognostic nutritional index and systemic immüne- inflammatory index in the follow-up newborns of preeclamptic mothers
Authors: Aydoğan Seda , Köse Caner , Tüfekçioğlu Eda , Aksu Meltem , Akduman Hasan , Kulalı Ferit 
Published: February 2025

Background: Preeclampsia (PE) is among the causes of serious morbidity and mortality for the mother and fetus. The most common consequences of intrauterine hypoxemia in the newborn are intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), premature labor, respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), and perinatal death. The systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII) and prognostic nutritional index (PNI), which is used as an indicator of inflammation, can be used to examine the effect of the immune status of babies of PE mothers on their prognosis. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 148 newborns of PE mothers who received treatment in our NICU between November 2022 and July 2024. Hematological indices including neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, platelet/lymphocyte ratio, SII, and PNI were calculated for all patients. Subgroups were created for complications and analyses were performed. Results: For all preeclamptic mothers’ babies, the mean SII and PNI were 387.69 ± 348.13 and 49.08 ± 7.59, respectively. The SII for prematurity produced an area under the curveReceiver operating characteristic (ROC) of 0.76 (0.59–0.92) (88.4% sensitivity, 70% specificity). The PNI for prematurity produced an area under the curve ROC of 0.72 (0.57–0.86) (63% sensitivity, 70% specificity). That was found that the SII has more sensitivity than the PNI for detecting prematurity in preeclamptic mothers’ babies. Low PNI and SII were independent predictors of mortality ( p < 0.01). Conclusion: We found that it is significant for SII and NLR to be low at the time of admission to predict mortality in infants of preeclamptic mothers.
Variation in Surgical Technique for Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction in Skeletally Immature Patients: Data From the JUPITER Prospective Multicenter Study Group
Authors: Heyworth Benton E. , Hidalgo Perea Sofia , Green Daniel W. , Veerkamp Matthew W. , Wall Eric J. , Wilson Philip L. , Ellis Henry B. , Chipman Danielle E. ,   JUPITER Study Group, Shubin Stein Beth E. , Parikh Shital N. , Brady Jacqueline , Fabricant Peter , Farr Jack , Koh Jason , Kramer Dennis , Magnussen Robert , Milewski Matthew , Redler Lauren , Strickland Sabrina , Tompkins Marc , Yanke Adam , Yen Yi-Meng 
Published: February 2025

Background: Management approaches and surgical techniques for patellofemoral instability (PFI) continue to lack clear clinical guidelines and indications. Medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction (MPFLR) is the most frequently used surgical procedure; however, variation in technique remains significant, particularly in skeletally immature patients. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to examine variations in MPFLR technique in skeletally immature patients as represented by 20 orthopaedic surgeons with different experience levels and specialty training backgrounds who perform a high volume of PFI surgery in this age group. The hypothesis was that variation would be high. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Operative records of skeletally immature patients who underwent a primary, single-stage MPFLR between 2016 and 2021 within the JUPITER (JUstifying Patellar Instability Treatment by Results) cohort, a multicenter prospective study involving 13 tertiary care academic centers, were analyzed, including demographic information, injury data, and surgical technique details. Results: Of the 305 surgical PFI cases in skeletally immature patients, 245 knees (46% female, 54% male; mean age, 13.6 ± 1.8 years; range, 5.1-19.0 years) met inclusion criteria. High variation was identified in MPFLR tendon graft type (59% allograft, 41% autograft), patellar fixation (62% suture anchor, 32% patellar bone bridge/tunnel), and femoral fixation (76% interference/tenodesis screw, 23% suture anchor). All cases (100%) used fluoroscopic guidance and physeal-sparing principles, with femoral implant placement distal to the distal femoral physis. High variation was seen in adjunctive procedures, including lateral retinacular release or lengthening (22%), osteochondral fracture treatment (13% overall; 53% of which underwent loose body removal, 44% fixation, and 3% osteochondral allograft implantation), concomitant hemi-epiphysiodesis for genu valgum (9%), and patellar tendon medialization (Grammont procedure, 2%). Conclusion: Despite the presence of open physes, which generally limits PFI surgical technique options, variation in multiple aspects of MPFLR was high among this cohort of 20 high-volume surgeons.
Evaluating Donor-Recipient Sex Mismatch in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction With Allograft: Outcomes at 2 Years Postoperatively
Authors: Crutchfield Connor R. , Lowenstein Natalie A. , Leite Chilan B.G. , Lattermann Christian , Matzkin Elizabeth G. 
Published: February 2025

Background: Female patients tend to suffer a greater risk of reinjury and worse patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) than male patients, regardless of the graft type used. Purpose/Hypothesis: This study explored the role of donor-recipient sex mismatching to help explain these sex-based disparities in outcomes after ACLR with an allograft. The hypothesis was that allograft donor-recipient sex mismatch would adversely affect surgical outcomes at a 2-year follow-up, with male-to-female graft donations yielding the lowest rates of success. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Patients who underwent primary ACLR with an allograft between 2012 and 2022 were eligible for recruitment. The following PROMs were collected from baseline through a 2-year follow-up: Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score subscales, Marx activity rating scale, visual analog scale for pain, and Veterans RAND 12-Item Health Survey. Demographic and graft-specific variables were also collected. Sex- matched cases were compared with sex- mismatched cases and an identical subgroup analysis was performed for female patients only. Results: Of the 112 included patients (N = 70 women), 59 (52.7%) were sex mismatched. The mean patient age was 40.7 ± 10.9 years, and the mean body mass index was 26.8 ± 4.7 kg/m2. Most reconstructions (89.3%) used a semitendinosus tendon graft, with a mean implanted graft diameter of 9.7 ± 0.5 mm (quadrupled). Of the mismatched cases, 96.6% involved a male allograft donated to female recipients. Overall, the matched group demonstrated higher PROM scores across all time points compared with the mismatched group, although statistical significance was only reached for the Marx score at baseline ( P = .012) and 1 year postoperatively ( P = .022). In the female-only subgroup analysis, a larger graft diameter was measured in the mismatched cases (receiving male allografts) compared with the matched female cases (9.7 ± 0.6 vs 9.2 ± 0.4 mm, respectively; P = .002). Moreover, the mismatched cases tended to report better postoperative PROM scores, although this trend was not statistically significant. Conclusion: The study findings indicated that male donors provided larger allografts than female donors, and that donor-recipient allograft sex matching did not contribute significantly to ACLR outcomes. Other factors may be more important to outcomes in female patients.
The Role of Isolated Lateral Extra-Articular Tenodesis in Managing Residual Pivot Shift After Primary Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction and a New Medial Meniscal Tear
Authors: Hoffer Alexander J. , Brinkman Joseph C. , Tummala Sailesh V. , Economopoulos Sofia C. , Economopoulos Kostas J. 
Published: February 2025

Background: Persistent mildly abnormal knee kinematics after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR) is an ongoing clinical problem. Purpose: To compare the clinical outcomes of revision ACLR (rACLR), rACLR and lateral extra-articular tenodesis (LET), or isolated LET in patients with a grade ≥2 pivot shift after ACLR with an intact or partially torn graft and a new, symptomatic medial meniscal tear. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A retrospective review of all patients with a new, symptomatic medial meniscal tear diagnosed after a primary ACLR was performed. Patients were included if they demonstrated a grade ≥2 pivot shift on physical examination with an intact or partially torn ACL graft. Exclusion criteria included complete graft rupture. The senior author’s management evolved in a practice change design from rACLR to rACLR with LET, to isolated LET over the study period. The primary outcomes were the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC), Lysholm, and Tegner patient-reported outcomes (PROs) at 2 years postoperatively. Results: A total of 47 patients, with 16 in the rACLR group, 12 in the rACLR and LET group, and 19 in the isolated LET group were included. Baseline characteristics between groups were similar. At 2 years, the rACLR group IKDC score was 86.1 ± 6.6 and was lower than the rACLR and LET group (91.9 ± 4.4; P = .009; 95% CI, –10.4 to −1.2) and the isolated LET group scores (91.7 ± 3.0; P = .004; 95% CI, –9.7 to −1.6). The Lysholm score was lower in the rACLR group (85.8 ± 6.3) when compared with the rACLR and LET group (91.8 ± 4.6; P = .03; 95% CI, –11.8 to −0.39). There was no difference in any Tegner scores at 2 years ( P = .09). Conclusion: In patients with grade ≥2 pivot shift after an ACLR with an intact or partially torn graft and a new, symptomatic medial meniscal tear, the addition of an LET with or without rACLR led to improved PROs compared with an isolated rACLR. An isolated LET in this patient population should be considered an acceptable treatment option.