bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vaccination of the young kitten
Authors: Gaskell R. M. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThis paper draws together those diseases of the cat where vaccination is either being practised in the UK or overseas, or is currently being considered. In the UK, vaccination is routinely carried out for feline panleucopenia, feline viral rhino‐tracheitis (FVR), and feline calicivirus infection, and in quarantine, cats are also vaccinated against rabies. In the USA and some other countries, vaccination is also carried out against feline leukaemia virus infection, feline Chlamydia psit‐taci infection and routinely against rabies. Attempts are also being made to develop vaccines for feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), although there are a number of problems associated with the development of a successful FIP vaccine which will be referred to later. Factors important in prevention and control of the three diseases feline panleucopenia, FVR, and feline calicivirus infection for which vaccination in the UK is commonly practised will be discussed. For each disease, some background information on the virus and the epizootiology of the disease is given, which it is hoped will lead to greater understanding of the principles involved in prevention and control. A few points will then be made about vaccination in some of those diseases where vaccines are being developed or where it is carried out in other countries.
A technique for arthrodesis of the canine tarsocrural joint
Authors: Sumner‐Smith G. , Kuzma A. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA new method of fusion of the canine tarsocrural joint is described employing a lag screw which is. protected by an AO/ASIF cuttable plate. The latter is placed on the lateral aspect of the joint following removal of the distal one‐third of the fibula.
A clinical evaluation of a one‐piece drainage system in the treatment of canine glaucoma
Authors: Bedford P. G. C. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA one‐piece drainage implant consisting of an anterior chamber tube and an attached large surface area strap has been used to treat glaucoma in 15 dogs (21 eyes). The results obtained over a minimum period of nine months suggest that the technique offers a greater chance of long term control than other surgical therapies currently practised. In all patients in this series medical therapy was either inappropriate or had proved ineffective, and surgery to bypass the iridocorneal angle was considered essential if intraocular pressure control was to be achieved. The drainage implant allowed aqueous to be diverted from the anterior chamber and absorbed from a large sub‐conjunctival scar sac which developed around the strap. Four weeks after surgery 20 eyes were normotensive and by nine months after surgery only three additional eyes had become irreversibly hypertensive. No further failures have been recorded, and throughout there has been no apparent untoward reaction to the presence of the implant. Additional medical hypotensive therapy is being used in approximately 50 per cent of the controlled eyes.
Is this a genetic disease?
Authors: Patterson D. F. , Aguirre G. A. , Fyfe J. C. , Giger U. , Green P. L. , Haskins M. E. , Jezyk P. F. , Meyers‐Wallen V. N. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThis paper begins with a brief summary of knowledge concerning the frequency and types of genetic diseases in small domestic animals, particularly the dog. The major question considered is, ‘How does one recognise that a given disease has an important genetic component in its cause?’ Six lines of evidence leading to that conclusion are discussed and exemplified by a variety of known and suspected genetic diseases in the dog and cat.
Control of inherited defects in dogs
Authors: Willis M. B. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTCanine defects can be divided into several main groups: autosomal recessives, autosomal dominants, sex‐linked traits, threshold characters and polygenic traits. Few are dominant, as early onset dominant defects are easily eliminated. Autosomal recessives are almost impossible to eradicate, though incidence reduction is feasible. Biochemical tests, though potentially rewarding, are not likely to be in widespread use for many years. Test mating of sires for autosomal recessives can be effective but in many late onset, or rare defects, becomes quite impracticable. The paper argues for more extensive breed recording, as the assessment of sires used on random numbers of mates can be an effective system of control for many traits simultaneously. Sex‐linked traits like haemophilia A can be tested for with success but at some cost. Polygenic traits, hip dysplasia is used as an example, are best tackled by breed schemes on a large scale and by the employment of progeny testing results to follow up performance testing. The need for ruling bodies to introduce legislation to aid dogdom is long overdue, especially in Britain and criticism of the Kennel Club is made.
Cowpox in cats
Authors: Thomsett L. R. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTOrthodox virus infection of domestic cats in the United Kingdom was first reported in 1978. Outbreaks of a disease considered to be due to cowpox (orthopox) infection had been reported in a number of species of zoo animals in Europe between 1971 and 1977 and a serious outbreak occurred among cheetahs in a United Kingdom zoo. In this species the clinical signs were ülcerating and crusted skin lesions, in some cases complicated by respiratory signs and death. An increasing number of cases of pox infection of domestic cats has been reported in Great Britain. Affected animals have shown ulcerating and crusted skin lesions particularly of the head and limbs; systemic illness was uncommon. Immunologically compromised cats, ie, FeLV positive or those receiving corticosteroid of megestrol acetate therapy, were found to be more likely to show extensive or generalised pox lesions. The source of infection is thought to be small wild mammals, ie, voles, acting as a reservoir of virus, which are preyed upon by domestic cats. Feline orthopox virus infection is a zoonosis. Transmission of the disease from affected cats to incontact owners has been reported from Great Britain and the continent of Europe. The differential diagnosis of the condition in cats includes those skin disorders commonly treated with steroidal anti‐inflammatory preparations. Definite diagnosis is important as these drugs are contraindicated in viral infections. Confirmation of diagnosis may be by virus isolation and serology. Histological examination of skin biopsy specimens is also helpful. Whether or not the causal agent of this disease should be referred to as cowpox virus or feline orthopox virus continues to be a matter of debate.
Ringworm in dogs and cats
Authors: Wright A. I. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTRingworm is an uncommon disease of dogs, but cats, especially the longhaired breeds, are more frequently infected. Of the several dermatophytes involved, Microsporum canis causes 94 per cent of ringworm in cats and 65 per cent in dogs. This species is highly contagious for man but the true incidence of human infection is unknown. Ringworm caused by M canis usually responds readily to treatment, but when the infection establishes in a colony of cats, eradication can be difficult and expensive.Other forms of ringworm in dogs and cats are caused by dermatophytes acquired from wild animals, mainly small rodents such as mice and voles. This is an uncommon and trivial disease of cats, but some infections in dogs can be remarkably persistent and difficult to resolve.
A survey of cataracts in golden and labrador retrievers
Authors: Curtis R. , Barnett K. C. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTTwo thousand two hundred and fifty‐one golden and 1399 labrador retrievers were examined for certification under the BVA/Kennel Club eye examination scheme. Cataracts were diagnosed in 7.4 per cent of golden retrievers and 6.6 per cent of labrador retrievers; of these 4.7 per cent and 5.5 per cent, respectively, were of the posterior polar subcapsular (PPS) type and considered to be hereditary. Additional cases were examined as referrals. The PPS cataracts, essentially bilateral and always located at the confluence of the suture lines, were most commonly encountered in young dogs but could arise at any age. Over half of the cases re‐examined after periods ranging from 12 to 34 months showed no or only slight progression but evidence was obtained for the occasional transformation of a PPS cataract into a total cataract. The hypothesis of dominant inheritance, probable from the pedigree data, received further support from instances of cataracts in retriever crosses. A perinuclear form of cataract, for which there was limited evidence for inheritance, was encountered almost exclusively in the golden retriever.
Granulomatous meningoence‐phalomyelitis in 21 dogs
Authors: Thomas J. B. , Eger C. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTGranulomatous meningoencephalomyelitis (GME) is a well recognised disease entity affecting dogs. It manifests in a wide variety of clinical syndromes. The lesion is characterised by focal or disseminated non‐caseating granulomas in the brain and spinal cord, non‐suppurative meningitis and marked perivascular lymphoid cuffing. The clinical signs can be acute and rapidly progressive or can manifest as a chronic relapsing disease. In this survey, 12 clinical cases were referred to Murdoch University Veterinary Hospital and nine cases were submitted for necropsy. While cerebrospinal fluid examination in seven of these cases suggested inflammatory disease, necropsy confirmed the presence of GME. An immunohistochemical technique for detection of distemper virus antigen failed to identify the presence of distemper virus antigen in any of the cases. It was concluded that distemper virus was not involved in the aetiology of these 21 cases all of which were confirmed by post mortem examination.
Oesophageal obstruction by a hairball in a cat
Authors: Squires R. A. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTOesophageal obstruction caused by a hairball is described in a nine‐year‐old Persian cat. Diagnosis was based upon radiological and oesophagoscopic findings. The obstruction was managed conservatively by forceps delivery of part of the hair, repulsion of the remainder into the stomach, and oral laxative medication. The fur was clipped prophylactically. At follow up one month later, oesophageal function was normal.
Vertebral stabilisation for cervical spondylopathy using a screw and washer technique
Authors: McKee W. M. , Lavelle R. B. , Mason T. A. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA transvertebral screw and interbody washer technique was used to stabilise the vertebrae and maintain the intervertebral space in 34 adult dobermann pinschers with cervical spondylopathy. The long term success of the procedure was 50 per cent. Pre‐operatively three dogs were considered mildly ataxic, 16 moderately ataxic, 13 severely ataxic and two non‐ambulatory. Thirty dogs had radiographic changes of calcified disc, vertebral malalignment or narrow intervertebral disc space and all dogs had myelographic abnormalities in the caudal cervical spine. Vertebral malalignment and narrow intervertebral space correlated closely with myelographic cord compression. However, compressive lesions were not identified in 11 cases on plain films. Follow‐up was available on 30 dogs of which 25 showed neurological improvement. This was temporary in 10 cases which were destroyed two weeks to three years following surgery.
An unusual case of hydronephrosis in a bitch
Authors: Brovida C. , Castagnaro M. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTHydronephrosis may be due to acquired or congenital causes. In this article the clinical and pathological features of a ureteric mass causing unilateral hydronephrosis in a young bitch are described and the nature of the obstruction is discussed.
Treatment of spontaneous malignant tumours in dogs with PTMC
Authors: Owen L. N. , Owen A. G. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe chemical analysis of the caffeine salt of a phosphomolybdic‐tungstic acid compound (PTMC) is described. Twenty‐seven dogs with advanced malignant tumours have been treated with PTMC by intramuscular or intravenous injection. Five dogs ‐ one case of metastatic osteosarcoma, two cases of metastatic mammary carcinoma, one case of metastatic squamous cell carcinoma and one case of primary fibrosarcoma showed objective tumour regression for periods varying from four weeks to 20 months. Only two of the 27 dogs treated showed toxic effects.
Hindlimb skin loss associated with urethral rupture in two cats
Authors: Holt P. E. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe clinical and radiographic features of two cats in which hindlimb skin loss was associated with traumatic urethral rupture (in one case iatrogenic) are described. Both cases were managed successfully but illustrate the need for careful catheterisation of cats and early treatment of urethral trauma.
Corneal anatomical differences in the aetiology of chronic superficial keratitis
Authors: Petrick S. W. , Rensburg I. B. J. Van 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe apparently normal corneas of 14 diseased eyes of German shepherd dogs (GSDs) were shown to possess very thin epithelial layers on microscopy. Normal corneas of 38 GSDs and 113 dogs of various breeds and crossbred animals were compared for epithelial thickness, structure of corneal stroma and corneal strength. Due to lower values for these criteria found in the GSDs they are considered to play an important role in the aetiology of chronic superficial keratitis.
Hydrops fetalis diagnosed by real‐time ultrasonography in a bichon frise bitch
Authors: Allen W. Edward , England G. C. W. , White K. B. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTHydrops fetalis was diagnosed in a near term bichon frise bitch using real‐time ultrasonography. The affected fetus was identified by the presence of intrathoracic and subcutaneous fluid. It was delivered by caesarean operation with five normal fetuses. The ultrasound findings were confirmed post mortem although the fetus also had ascites.
Acquired immune‐mediated myasthenia gravis in a cat
Authors: Cuddon P. A. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTAcquired myasthenia gravis was diagnosed in a four‐year‐old castrated male Somali in which the presenting signs consisted of progressive lameness, weakness, generalised muscle tremors, an inability to blink and voice loss. Clinical testing with edrophonium chloride, electrophysiology, immunocytochemistry and serum immunological techniques confirmed the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis and proved its immune‐mediated nature. Clinical remission was achieved following long term immunosuppression with corticosteroids.
A retrospective study of diagnosis in 109 cases of canine lower respiratory disease
Authors: Brownlie S. E. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractBetween 1983 and 1988, 109 cases of canine lower respiratory tract disease were examined and categorised according to clinical, radiographic and bronchoscopic findings and cytology of bronchial mucus. Non‐specific chronic tracheobronchitis was diagnosed in 19 cases, bronchopneumonia (subacute or chronic) in 12 cases, bronchiectasis in 10 cases, parasitic bronchitis due to Oslerus osleri in 20 cases, eosinophilic bronchitis with or without bronchiectasis or alveolar infiltration in 25 cases, bronchial foreign bodies, mainly cereal ears, in 14 cases, primary neoplasia (adenocarcinomas) in six cases and miscellaneous disease in three cases. Features of these conditions are discussed. Although the aetiology of chronic bronchial disease may not always be ascertained, it is important to assign a dog to a diagnostic category so that the owner can be given a more accurate prognosis.
A technique for the management of radial and ulnar fractures in miniature dogs using translation pins
Authors: Eger C. E. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractFractures of the distal third of the radius and ulna of miniature dogs frequently suffer the complication of non‐union. Techniques for the management of such fractures are generally adaptations of those used in larger dogs. The successful treatment of three cases is reported, utilising transfixation pins and acrylic cement.
Cor triatrium dexter with Budd‐Chiari syndrome and a review of ascites in young dogs
Authors: Otto C. M. , Mahaffey M. , Jacobs C. , Binhazim A. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractAscites with accumulation of a true or modified transudate, is relatively uncommon in young dogs. When it does occur, congenital defects of the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, or renal systems, infectious diseases and trauma must be considered. Cor triatrium dexter, an abnormal membrane obstructing the caudal vena cava at the level of the right atrium, was diagnosed in an eight‐month‐old cocker spaniel presented with ascites.
Feline Precursor. porphyria, characterized by persistent delta. Aminolevulinic aciduria
Authors: Watson A. D. J. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractA female domestic shorthaired cat had frequent seizures and vague gastrointestinal signs. Lead poisoning was suspected because of increased urinary delta aminolevulinic acid concentration. However, abnormalities continued despite repeated chelation therapy and blood lead concentration was normal. Delta aminolevulinic aciduria persisted, but concentrations of porphobilinogen in urine and of porphyrins in blood, urine and faeces were normal. An inherited porphyric disorder was suspected, involving deficiency of aminolevulinic acid dehydrase, an enzyme active in haem biosynthesis. Accumulation of aminolevulinic acid in vivo could explain the observed signs.
Use of a programmable, activity‐sensing, rate‐regulating Sacemaker in dog
Authors: Cobb M. A. , Nolan J. , Brownlie S. E. , Abercromby R. H. , Fussell A. L. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractA multi‐programmable, single chamber pulse generator with automatic, activity‐sensing rate regulation was successfully implanted into an eight‐year‐old crossbred dog with symptomatic third‐degree atrioventricular heart block. Postoperative Holter monitoring confirmed appropriate activity‐related changes in the ventricular rate.
Management of 60 cases of diaphragmatic rupture
Authors: Sullivan M. , Reid J. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractSixty cases of diaphragmatic rupture in the dog and cat were reviewed. There was a 90 per cent success rate following surgical repair. There were six deaths; two of these resulted from pulmonary collapse and hydrothorax, two cats from pulmonary oedema, one cat with cardiac arrest and one due to hepatic necrosis. In none of the deaths was the presence or absence of chest drains implicated. Apart from cases of gastric dilation, all animals benefited from 12 to 24 hours cage rest and stabilisation before surgery. Simple anaesthetic and surgical guidelines for the management of diaphragmatic rupture are described.
Intercondylar humeral fracture in the dog: A review of 20 cases
Authors: Anderson T. J. , Carmichael S. , Miller A. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractA review of 20 consecutive cases of intercondylar humeral fracture in dogs referred to Glasgow University Veterinary School (GUVS) was made. The majority of fractures followed apparently minimal trauma to adult animals. All cases were managed by open reduction and internal fixation. Some aspects of the authors preferred surgical technique are discussed. Long term outcome was assessed by owner questionnaire and, or, examination at GUVS. Satisfactory results were seen in 64 per cent of cases with follow up.
Osteomyelitis associated with Penicillium verruculosum in a German shepherd dog
Authors: Wigney D. I. , Allan G. S. , Hay L. E. , Hocking A. D. 
Published: April 2008

Abstract Penicillium verruculosum, a saprophytic fungus isolated occasionally from soil, has not been reported previously as a cause of systemic disease in man or animals. This article describes a case of polyostotic osteomyelitis associated with P verruculosum in a previously healthy, young adult German shepherd dog. In this case predisposing factors could not be determined but it is suspected that some German shepherd dogs possess a defect in phagocytic cell function which allows widespread infection with filamentous fungi.
Feline hyper‐eosinophilia with cutaneous lesions
Authors: Harvey R. G. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractFeline hypereosinophilic syndrome was first reported by Hendrick (1981) and in four subsequent communications a further six cases have been described (McEwan and others 1985, Tobias 1985, Scott and others 1985, Verhaert and others 1987). With the exception of one report (Scott and others 1985) which described a case with cutaneous lesions, cats have exhibited clinical signs related to internal lesions. This communication describes a case of feline hypere‐osinophilia with cutaneous lesions which proved refractory to treatment.
Feeding for health
Authors: Earle K. E. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTIn the last decade there has been increasing emphasis on the role of healthy eating in the prevention of disease. The aim is to make people aware of the need to be more responsible for their own wellbeing. As attention is drawn to improving our diet there is now also greater awareness of the need to apply the same principles to our pets.I intend to discuss the key elements of dietary selection; nutrient content, energy, digestibility and palatability which are to be considered when formulating a healthy feeding regimen. Both physiological and environmental factors affect food intake and often animals' feeding habits will be affected by their owner. Finally, it must be remembered that cats and dogs are individuals and will always have their own particular food preferences. As long as a balanced diet is offered to the animals in sufficient quantities our pets should enjoy long and healthy lives.
Animal psychodietetics
Authors: Ballarini G. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTAt present, behaviour and diet are linked in psychodietetics which, in turn, correlates to food quality and animal wellbeing, as well as to specific behavioural problems. Several studies indicate that food should be ascribed diverse effects, such as nutritional, pharmacological, toxic and extranutritional. Some of these actions affect behaviour. Particular attention was recently devoted to relationships linking flavours, pheromones and behaviour, as well as to neurological pathologies associated with nutrition and depending on diet disorders.Many studies are at present being conducted on the relationship between nutrition, neurotransmitter synthesis and neurohormonal system activity, with relative behavioural changes. In particular, data were collected on the relationship between nutrition and aggressiveness, nutrition and psychoses, nutrition and dyskinesiae, nutrition and alimentary behaviour (control of food intake) in carnivorous domestic animals. Recently, studies on the relationship between nutrition and nervous system growth and early life behaviour were carried out, focusing on domestic carnivores. Pets' nutrition involves a broader significance than was given by traditional dietetics, including the man‐animal relationship. From this new viewpoint, many ‘parallel pathologies’ affecting the pets and their owners (obesity, hyperkinesia, aggressiveness, etc) are better interpreted.
Obesity in the dog
Authors: Markwell P. J. , van Erk W. , Parkin G. D. , Sloth C. J. , Shantz‐Christienson T. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTCanine obesity is a common condition in veterinary practice, and has been associated with a number of serious medical conditions likely to reduce the length and quality of a pet's life. Therefore, it represents an important condition for the veterinarian to manage. This paper reports a study conducted by veterinarians in practice using controlled calorie reduction for the management of overweight dogs. In the study weight losses of 14 per cent were achieved over a 12 week period. Details of this study are discussed.