bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An interpolation inequality involving LlogL$L\log L$ spaces and application to the characterization of blow‐up behavior in a two‐dimensional Keller–Segel–Navier–Stokes system
Authors: Wang Yulan , Winkler Michael 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn a smoothly bounded two‐dimensional domain and for a given nondecreasing positive unbounded , for each and the inequality
is shown to hold for any positive fulfilling
This is thereafter applied to nonglobal solutions of the Keller–Segel system coupled to the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations through transport and buoyancy, and it is seen that in any such blow‐up event the corresponding population density cannot remain uniformly integrable over near its explosion time.
A characterization of heaviness in terms of relative symplectic cohomology
Authors: Mak Cheuk Yu , Sun Yuhan , Varolgunes Umut 
Published: March 2024

AbstractFor a compact subset of a closed symplectic manifold , we prove that is heavy if and only if its relative symplectic cohomology over the Novikov field is nonzero. As an application, we show that if two compact sets are not heavy and Poisson commuting, then their union is also not heavy. A discussion on superheaviness together with some partial results is also included.
On fillings of contact links of quotient singularities
Authors: Zhou Zhengyi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe study several aspects of fillings for links of general isolated quotient singularities using Floer theory, including co‐fillings, Weinstein fillings, strong fillings, exact fillings and exact orbifold fillings, focusing on the non‐existence of exact fillings of contact links of isolated terminal quotient singularities. We provide an extensive list of isolated terminal quotient singularities whose contact links are not exactly fillable, including for , which settles a conjecture of Eliashberg, quotient singularities from general cyclic group actions and finite subgroups of , and all terminal quotient singularities in complex dimension 3. We also obtain uniqueness of the orbifold diffeomorphism type of exact orbifold fillings of contact links of some isolated terminal quotient singularities.
Muscle fibre size and myonuclear positioning in trained and aged humans
Authors: Battey Edmund , Levy Yotam , Pollock Ross D. , Pugh Jamie N. , Close Graeme L. , Kalakoutis Michaeljohn , Lazarus Norman R. , Harridge Stephen D. R. , Ochala Julien , Stroud Matthew J. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractChanges in myonuclear architecture and positioning are associated with exercise adaptations and ageing. However, data on the positioning and number of myonuclei following exercise are inconsistent. Additionally, whether myonuclear domains (MNDs; i.e., the theoretical volume of cytoplasm within which a myonucleus is responsible for transcribing DNA) and myonuclear positioning are altered with age remains unclear. The aim of this investigation was to investigate relationships between age and activity status and myonuclear domains and positioning. Vastus lateralis muscle biopsies from younger endurance‐trained (YT) and older endurance‐trained (OT) individuals were compared with age‐matched untrained counterparts (YU and OU; OU samples were acquired during surgical operation). Serial, optical z‐slices were acquired throughout isolated muscle fibres and analysed to give three‐dimensional coordinates for myonuclei and muscle fibre dimensions. The mean cross‐sectional area (CSA) of muscle fibres from OU individuals was 33%–53% smaller compared with the other groups. The number of nuclei relative to fibre CSA was 90% greater in OU compared with YU muscle fibres. Additionally, scaling of MND volume with fibre size was altered in older untrained individuals. The myonuclear arrangement, in contrast, was similar across groups. Fibre CSA and most myonuclear parameters were significantly associated with age in untrained individuals, but not in trained individuals. These data indicate that regular endurance exercise throughout the lifespan might better preserve the size of muscle fibres in older age and maintain the relationship between fibre size and MND volumes. Inactivity, however, might result in reduced muscle fibre size and altered myonuclear parameters.
Production of hypernuclei from antiproton capture within a relativistic transport model
Authors: Schmidt Alexander , Gaitanos Theodoros , Obertelli Alexandre , Rodríguez-Sánchez José Luis 
Published: March 2024

AbstractProduction yields of single-$$\Lambda $$
Λ
hypernuclei from simulated peripheral annihilations of antiprotons after capture on various target nuclei are reported. The initial annihilation process and the production of excited hypernuclei are estimated within the GiBUU transport framework, while their deexcitation process is treated with the ABLA++ code. The yield of excited hypernuclei range from $$\sim $$
∼
0.3 % for $${}^{16}$$

16

O to $$\sim $$
∼
1.2 % for $${}^{132}$$

132

Xe per annihilation, consistent with previous measurements at LEAR, CERN. The yield of specific ground state hypernuclei after deexcitation reaches up to a few $$10^{-4}$$

10

-
4

per annihilation. The hypernuclei are produced in strangeness exchange reactions occuring between a nucleon of the target and the kaons originating from the annihilation in $$\sim $$
∼
80 % of the cases, while the strangeness pair production in secondary pion-nucleon collision contributes to the remaining $$\sim $$
∼
20 %. The simulations indicate that antiproton annihilations at rest on different nuclei could populate a wide range of so-far unexplored hypernuclei.
Radiation hardness of MALTA2 monolithic CMOS imaging sensors on Czochralski substrates
Authors: van Rijnbach Milou , Berlea Dumitru Vlad , Dao Valerio , Gaži Martin , Allport Phil , Tortajada Ignacio Asensi , Behera Prafulla , Bortoletto Daniela , Buttar Craig , Dachs Florian , Dash Ganapati , Dobrijević Dominik , Fasselt Lucian , de Acedo Leyre Flores Sanz , Gabrielli Andrea , Gonella Laura , González Vicente , Gustavino Giuliano , Jana Pranati , Li Long , Pernegger Heinz , Piro Francesco , Riedler Petra , Sandaker Heidi , Sánchez Carlos Solans , Snoeys Walter , Suligoj Tomislav , Núñez Marcos Vázquez , Vijay Anusree , Weick Julian , Worm Steven , Zoubir Abdelhak M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMALTA2 is the latest full-scale prototype of the MALTA family of Depleted Monolithic Active Pixel Sensors (DMAPS) produced in Tower Semiconductor 180 nm CMOS sensor imaging technology. In order to comply with the requirements of high energy physics (HEP) experiments, various process modifications and front-end changes have been implemented to achieve low power consumption, reduce random telegraph signal (RTS) noise, and optimise the charge collection geometry. Compared to its predecessors, MALTA2 targets the use of a high-resistivity, thick Czochralski (Cz) substrates in order to demonstrate radiation hardness in terms of detection efficiency and timing resolution up to 3 $$\times $$
×
10$$^{15}$$

15

1 MeV $$\mathrm {n_{eq}/{cm}^2}$$

n
eq

/

cm

2

with backside metallisation to achieve good propagation of the bias voltage. This manuscript shows the results that were obtained with non-irradiated and irradiated MALTA2 samples on Cz substrates from the CERN SPS test beam campaign from 2021 to 2023 using the MALTA telescope.
The Evolving Media Ecosystem and Religious Patterns in Anantnag, Kashmir
Authors: Mir Raoof 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This paper explores how followers of Islamic traditions in the Anantnag district of Jammu and Kashmir, India, articulate their religious experiences within the context of various communication mediums. The primary aim is to examine how Islamic traditions in Anantnag uphold their relationship with diverse media symbols and formats, while exploring how individuals in this Muslim-majority region derive religious significance from their engagement with various media platforms. The paper aims to illuminate the processes associated with communicating Islamic traditions within the evolving context of media history in Anantnag. By employing in-depth interviews and a thorough review of existing literature, this paper argues that each media form holds a distinctive influence in shaping religious practices and discourses within the context of Anantnag. To understand how Muslims construct meaning through engagement with media of religious significance, this paper delves into narratives of self-identity, considering them as essential resources for illustrating the intersection of religious patterns and media landscapes in Anantnag.
Efficacy of laparoscopic pyeloplasty for pediatric hydronephrosis caused by symptomatic versus asymptomatic endogenous ureteropelvic junction obstruction: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Shao Guanghui , Sun Zhihao , Zhou Zhihang , Wang Weizhen , Li Aiwu 
Published: March 2024

Objective To retrospectively compare the differences in the surgical efficacy and prognosis of laparoscopic pyeloplasty for hydronephrosis caused by symptomatic versus asymptomatic ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) in children and determine whether clinical symptoms affect the surgical outcome and prognosis. Methods Children who underwent laparoscopic pyeloplasty in our hospital from January 2018 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The children were divided into symptomatic and asymptomatic groups according to their main symptoms. The primary outcomes were the surgical success rate, change in renal parenchymal thickness, and change in renal pelvis anteroposterior diameter. The secondary outcomes were postoperative complications, reoperation rate, operative duration, intraoperative blood loss, and drainage tube indwelling time. Results In total, 224 children with UPJO were enrolled; 148 (66.1%) were symptomatic and 76 (33.9%) were asymptomatic. The symptomatic group showed a significantly greater mean change in renal parenchymal thickness, significantly higher surgical success rate, and significantly lower postoperative complication rate. Conclusions In the present study, asymptomatic children had a lower surgical success rate, less postoperative imaging improvement, and more postoperative complications than symptomatic children. The presence or absence of clinical symptoms may affect the surgical outcome and prognosis.
Decoding pain through facial expressions: a study of patients with migraine
Authors: Chen Wei-Ta , Hsiao Fu-Jung , Coppola Gianluca , Wang Shuu-Jiun 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
The present study used the Facial Action Coding System (FACS) to analyse changes in facial activities in individuals with migraine during resting conditions to determine the potential of facial expressions to convey information about pain during headache episodes.

Methods
Facial activity was recorded in calm and resting conditions by using a camera for both healthy controls (HC) and patients with episodic migraine (EM) and chronic migraine (CM). The FACS was employed to analyse the collected facial images, and intensity scores for each of the 20 action units (AUs) representing expressions were generated. The groups and headache pain conditions were then examined for each AU.

Results
The study involved 304 participants, that is, 46 HCs, 174 patients with EM, and 84 patients with CM. Elevated headache pain levels were associated with increased lid tightener activity and reduced mouth stretch. In the CM group, moderate to severe headache attacks exhibited decreased activation in the mouth stretch, alongside increased activation in the lid tightener, nose wrinkle, and cheek raiser, compared to mild headache attacks (all corrected p < 0.05). Notably, lid tightener activation was positively correlated with the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) level of headache (p = 0.012). Moreover, the lip corner depressor was identified to be indicative of emotional depression severity (p < 0.001).

Conclusion
Facial expressions, particularly lid tightener actions, served as inherent indicators of headache intensity in individuals with migraine, even during resting conditions. This indicates that the proposed approach holds promise for providing a subjective evaluation of headaches, offering the benefits of real-time assessment and convenience for patients with migraine.
Surgical outcomes of anterior column reconstruction for spinal fractures caused by minor trauma-preoperative examination of the number of intervertebral bone bridges is key to obtaining good bone fusion-
Authors: Furukawa Mitsuru , Fujiyoshi Kanehiro , Kajikawa Keita , Kobayashi Yoshiomi , Konomi Tsunehiko , Yato Yoshiyuki 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
To achieve good bone fusion in anterior column reconstruction for vertebral fractures, not only bone mineral density (BMD) and bone metabolism markers but also lever arms due to bone bridging between vertebral bodies should be evaluated. However, until now, no lever arm index has been devised. Therefore, we believe that the maximum number of vertebral bodies that are bony and cross-linked with the contiguous adjacent vertebrae (maxVB) can be used as a measure for lever arms. The purpose of this study is to investigate the surgical outcomes of anterior column reconstruction for spinal fractures and to determine the effect of bone bridging between vertebral bodies on the rate of bone fusion using the maxVB as an indicator of the length of the lever arm.

Methods
The clinical data of 81 patients who underwent anterior column reconstruction for spinal fracture between 2014 and 2022 were evaluated. The bone fusion rate, back pain score, between the maxVB = 0 and the maxVB ≥ 2 patients were adjusted for confounding factors (age, smoking history, diabetes mellitus history, BMD, osteoporosis drugs, surgical technique, number of fixed vertebrae, materials used for the anterior props, etc.) and analysed with multivariate or multiple regression analyses. The bone healing rate and incidence of postoperative back pain were compared among the three groups (maxVB = 0, 2$$\leqq$$maxVB$$\leqq$$8, maxVB ≧ 9) and divided by the maxVB after adjusting for confounding factors.

Results
Patients with a maxVB ≥ 2 had a significantly higher bone fusion rate (p < 0.01) and postoperative back pain score (p < 0.01) than those with a maxVB = 0. Among the three groups, the bone fusion rate and back pain score were significantly higher in the 2$$\leqq$$maxVB$$\leqq$$8 group (p = 0.01, p < 0.01).

Conclusions
Examination of the maxVB as an indicator of the use of a lever arm is beneficial for anterior column reconstruction for vertebral fractures. Patients with no intervertebral bone bridging or a high number of bone bridges are in more need of measures to promote bone fusion than patients with a moderate number of bone bridges are.
Experiences of participants in the co-design of a community-based health service for people with high healthcare service use
Authors: McGowan Deirdre , Morley Claire , Hansen Emily , Shaw Kelly , Winzenberg Tania 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Incorporating perspectives of health consumers, healthcare workers, policy makers and stakeholders through co-design is essential to design services that are fit for purpose. However, the experiences of co-design participants are poorly understood. The aim of this study is to explore the experiences and perceptions of people involved in the co-design of a new service for people with high healthcare service utilisation.

Methods
A methodology informed by the principles of grounded theory was used in this qualitative study to evaluate the experiences and perceptions of co-design participants. Participants were healthcare professionals, health managers and leaders and health consumers involved in the co-design of the new service in Tasmania, Australia. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, and data were iteratively and concurrently collected and analysed using constant comparative analysis. Audio/audio-visual recordings of interviews were transcribed verbatim. Transcripts, memos, and an audit trail were coded for experiences and perspectives of participants.

Results
There were thirteen participants (5 health professionals, 6 health managers and leaders, and 2 health consumers). Codes were collapsed into six sub-themes and six themes. Themes were bureaucracy hinders co-design, importance of consumers and diversity, importance of a common purpose, relationships are integral, participants expectations inform their co-design experience and learning from co-design.

Conclusion
Most participants reported positive aspects such as having a common purpose, valuing relationships, and having a personal motivation for participating in co-design. However, there were factors which hindered the adaptation of co-design principles and the co-design process. Our research highlights that bureaucracy can hinder co-design, that including people with lived experience is essential and the need to consider various types of diversity when assembling co-design teams. Future co-design projects could use these findings to improve the co-design experience for participants, and ultimately the outcome for communities.
Influential upregulation of KCNE4: Propelling cancer associated fibroblasts-driven colorectal cancer progression
Authors: Zhang Zizhen , Liu Shengde , Wang Zhenghang , Wang Shuo , Jiang Lei , Wang Xicheng , Li Jian , Shen Lin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a malignancy of remarkable heterogeneity and heightened morbidity. Cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are abundant in CRC tissues and are essential for CRC growth. Here, we aimed to develop a CAF-related classifier for predicting the prognosis of CRC and identify critical pro-tumorigenic genes in CAFs.

Method
The mRNA expression and clinical information of CRC samples were sourced from two comprehensive databases, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Using a weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) approach, CAF-related genes were identified and a CAF risk signature was developed through the application of univariate analysis and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression model. EdU cell proliferation assay, and transwell assay were performed to detect the oncogenic role of KCNE4 in CAFs.

Results
We constructed a prognostic CAF model consisting of two genes (SFRP2 and KCNE4). CRC patients were classified into low- and high-CAF-risk groups using the median CAF risk score, and patients in the high-CAF-risk group had worse prognosis. Meanwhile, a higher risk score for CAFs was associated with greater stromal and CAF infiltrations, as well as higher expression of CAF markers. Furthermore, TIDE analysis indicated that patients with a high CAF risk score are less responsive to immunotherapy. Our further experiments had confirmed the strong correlation between KCNE4 and the malignant phenotypes of CAFs. Moreover, we had shown that KCNE4 could actively promote tumor-promoting phenotypes in CAFs, indicating its critical role in cancer progression.

Conclusion
The two-gene prognostic CAF signature was constructed and could be reliable for predicting prognosis for CRC patients. Moreover, KCNE4 may be a promising strategy for the development of novel anti-cancer therapeutics specifically directed against CAFs.
Roles and mechanisms of aberrant alternative splicing in melanoma — implications for targeted therapy and immunotherapy resistance
Authors: Chen Wanxian , Geng Deyi , Chen Jiasheng , Han Xiaosha , Xie Qihu , Guo Genghong , Chen Xuefen , Zhang Wancong , Tang Shijie , Zhong Xiaoping 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Despite advances in therapeutic strategies, resistance to immunotherapy and the off-target effects of targeted therapy have significantly weakened the benefits for patients with melanoma.

Main body
Alternative splicing plays a crucial role in transcriptional reprogramming during melanoma development. In particular, aberrant alternative splicing is involved in the efficacy of immunotherapy, targeted therapy, and melanoma metastasis. Abnormal expression of splicing factors and variants may serve as biomarkers or therapeutic targets for the diagnosis and prognosis of melanoma. Therefore, comprehensively integrating their roles and related mechanisms is essential. This review provides the first detailed summary of the splicing process in melanoma and the changes occurring in this pathway.

Conclusion
The focus of this review is to provide strategies for developing novel diagnostic biomarkers and summarize their potential to alter resistance to targeted therapies and immunotherapy.
MicroRNAs as regulators of immune checkpoints in cancer immunotherapy: targeting PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 pathways
Authors: Zabeti Touchaei Arefeh , Vahidi Sogand 
Published: March 2024

AbstractImmunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment by harnessing the power of the immune system to eliminate tumors. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) block negative regulatory signals that prevent T cells from attacking cancer cells. Two key ICIs target the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway, which includes programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and its receptor programmed death 1 (PD-1). Another ICI targets cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4). While ICIs have demonstrated remarkable efficacy in various malignancies, only a subset of patients respond favorably. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression, play a crucial role in modulating immune checkpoints, including PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4. This review summarizes the latest advancements in immunotherapy, highlighting the therapeutic potential of targeting PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 immune checkpoints and the regulatory role of miRNAs in modulating these pathways. Consequently, understanding the complex interplay between miRNAs and immune checkpoints is essential for developing more effective and personalized immunotherapy strategies for cancer treatment.
Graphical Abstract
A proof-of-concept study on bioorthogonal-based pretargeting and signal amplify radiotheranostic strategy
Authors: Yang Hongzhang , Zeng Xinying , Liu Jia , Li Jingchao , Li Yun , Zhang Qinglin , Shu Linlin , Liu Huanhuan , Wang Xueqi , Liang Yuanyuan , Hu Ji , Huang Lumei , Guo Zhide , Zhang Xianzhong 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Radiotheranostics differs from the vast majority of other cancer therapies in its capacity for simultaneous imaging and therapy, and it is becoming more widely implemented. A balance between diagnostic and treatment requirements is essential for achieving effective radiotheranostics. Herein, we propose a proof-of-concept strategy aiming to address the profound differences in the specific requirements of the diagnosis and treatment of radiotheranostics.

Results
To validate the concept, we designed an s-tetrazine (Tz) conjugated prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) ligand (DOTA-PSMA-Tz) for 68Ga or 177Lu radiolabeling and tumor radiotheranostics, a trans-cyclooctene (TCO) modified Pd@Au nanoplates (Pd@Au-PEG-TCO) for signal amplification, respectively. We then demonstrated this radiotheranostic strategy in the tumor-bearing mice with the following three-step procedures: (1) i.v. injection of the [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-Tz for diagnosis; (2) i.v. injection of the signal amplification module Pd@Au-PEG-TCO; (3) i.v. injection of the [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-Tz for therapy. Firstly, this strategy was demonstrated in 22Rv1 tumor-bearing mice via positron emission tomography (PET) imaging with [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-Tz. We observed significantly higher tumor uptake (11.5 ± 0.8%ID/g) with the injection of Pd@Au-PEG-TCO than with the injection [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-Tz alone (5.5 ± 0.9%ID/g). Furthermore, we validated this strategy through biodistribution studies of [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-Tz, with the injection of the signal amplification module, approximately five-fold higher tumor uptake of [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-Tz (24.33 ± 2.53% ID/g) was obtained when compared to [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-Tz alone (5.19 ± 0.26%ID/g) at 48 h post-injection.

Conclusion
In summary, the proposed strategy has the potential to expand the toolbox of pretargeted radiotherapy in the field of theranostics.

Graphical Abstract