bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydrovars: an R tool to collect hydrological variables
Authors: Sánchez-Gómez Alejandro , Bieger Katrin , Schürz Christoph , Martínez-Pérez Silvia , Rathjens Hendrik , Molina-Navarro Eugenio 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Hydrological models can benefit from soft calibration, a process by which the proper simulation of hydrological variables is proved while or before addressing hard calibration. Soft calibration reduces the probability of obtaining a statistically accurate but unrealistic model. However, it requires soft data, which is often hard to acquire or unavailable. This work presents HydRoVars, an R tool developed to facilitate the estimation of data which can be implemented in a soft calibration procedure. It allows us to estimate two key hydrological indices (the runoff coefficient and baseflow index) and weather-related variables at the catchment scale for one or numerous basins. The runoff coefficient is calculated automatically from precipitation and streamflow datasets. Groundwater contribution is estimated through a semi-automatic process based on a baseflow filter which considers hydrogeological properties. Modellers would benefit from incorporating soft calibration in their calibration procedures, and this tool might help to estimate these relevant hydrological variables in their modelled area. The tool has been tested in 19 subbasins of the Tagus River basin (Spain) located in different geological regions. In the test cases, we demonstrate the usefulness of this tool to improve the model representation and gain an understanding of the catchments' hydrology.
Chemically modified cellulose nanomaterial for remediation of nickel and lead from secondary runoff industrial wastewater
Authors: Kara Hizkeal Tsade , Murthy H. C. Ananda , Kumar T. Naveen , Ravikumar C. R. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

An innovative and chemically amended succinic anhydride cellulose nanomaterial (S-CNM) adsorbent was synthesized from dried stem of Eichhornia crassipes weed, and was characterized for functional groups, crystallite size, surface morphology, morphological structure and particle size using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) instruments, respectively. Previously characterized S-CNM was investigated to eliminate nickel and lead from secondary runoff wastewater (SERWW). Physicochemical properties of SERWW including organic matter (OM), nutrients, total inorganic nitrogen (TIN) and total phosphorus (TP) on the elimination capabilities of heavy metals were investigated. The S-CNM adsorbent was used fruitfully to exclude nickel and lead from SERWW. The mechanism study showed that the Langmuir isotherm was suited for lead removal and Freundlich isotherm was suited for nickel removal with maximum eliminating capability (qmax) of 156.25 and 60.24 mg g−1 using the S-CNM adsorbent, respectively. The elimination kinetic process fits well with pseudo-second-order and its data recommending the materials (S-CNM) are effective for wastewater treatment. The lead and nickel uptake capacities were influenced by the presence of positively charged ions. The S-CNM adsorbent indicated excellent reproducibility and was considered as a capable adsorption resource to eliminate lead and nickel from SERWW.
Assessment of rainfall-derived inflow and infiltration in sewer systems with machine learning approaches
Authors: Wang Yong , Huang Biao , Zhu David Z. 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT
Rainfall-derived inflow/infiltration (RDII) modelling during heavy rainfall events is essential for sewer flow management. In this study, two machine learning algorithms, random forest (RF) and long short-term memory (LSTM), were developed for sewer flow prediction and RDII estimation based on field monitoring data. The study implemented feature engineering for extracting physically significant features in sewer flow modelling and investigated the importance of the relevant features. The results from two case studies indicated the superior capability of machine learning models in RDII estimation in the combined and separated sewer systems, and LSTM model outperformed the two models. Compared to traditional methods, machine learning models were capable of simulating the temporal variation in RDII processes and improved prediction accuracy for peak flows and RDII volumes in storm events.
Synthesis and In-Silico Studies of Ortho-Fluorinated Benzenesulfonamides as Putative Anti-CETP Agents
Authors: Abu Khalaf Reema , Jaradat Lama , Habash Maha 
Published: April 2024

Abstract:
Cardiovascular disease is one of the primary causes of death. Atherosclerosis
produces artery constriction or obstruction, which can lead to a heart attack or stroke. Cholesteryl
Ester Transfer Protein (CETP) is a protein that aids in reverse cholesterol transport.
It promotes cholesteryl ester transfer from HDL to LDL and VLDL. So, inhibition of CETP
by drugs limits cardiovascular disease by decreasing LDL and increasing HDL cholesterol.
In this study, ten ortho-fluoro substituted benzenesulfonamides 6a-6j were prepared, and
their structure was fully determined using 1H NMR, 13C NMR, HR-MS, and IR. In vitro
biological evaluation showed that compound 6d has the highest inhibitory activity with
100% inhibition, while compounds 6a-6c and 6e-6j had activities ranged from 29% - 83%
at 10 μM concentration. Interestingly, para-substituted derivatives (6d, 6g, and 6j) were
observed to have greater CETP inhibitory activities than their ortho- and meta- analogues irrespective to the
nature of substituent, i.e., CH3, Cl, or NO2. Ligandfit docking experiment revealed the difference in the binding
mode among the synthesized compounds, which is reflected in their CETP inhibitory activity.
Feasibility of Amide Proton Transfer-weighted Imaging at 3T for Renal Masses:
A Preliminary Study
Authors: Xu Yun , Wan Qingxuan , Ren Xihui , Jiang Yutao , Yao Jing , WU Peng , Shen Aijun , Wang Peijun 
Published: April 2024

Background::
To investigate the optimal B1,rms value of renal amide proton transfer-weighted (APTw) images and the reproducibility of this value, and to explore
the utility of APT imaging of renal masses and kidney tissues.

Methods::
APTw images with different B1,rms values were repeatedly recorded in 15 healthy volunteers to determine the optimal value. Two 4-point Likert
scales (poor [1] to excellent [4]) were used to evaluate contour clarity and artifacts in masses and normal tissues. The APTw values of masses and
normal tissues were then compared in evaluable images (contour clarity score > 1, artifacts score > 1). The APTw of malignant masses, normal
tissues, and benign masses were calculated and compared with the Mann-Whitney U test

Results::
The optimal scanning parameter of B1,rms was 2 μT, and the APTw images had good agreement in the volunteers. Our study of APTw imaging
examined 70 renal masses (13 benign, 57 malignant) and 49 normal kidneys (including those from 15 healthy volunteers). The mean APTw value
for renal malignant masses (2.28(1.55)) was different from that for benign masses (0.91(1.30)) (P<0.001), renal cortex (1.30 (1.25)) (P<0.001),
renal medulla (1.64 (1.33)) (P<0.05), and renal pelvis (5.49 (2.65)) (P<0.001).

Conclusion::
These preliminary data demonstrate that APTw imaging of the kidneys has potential use as an imaging biomarker for the differentiation of normal
tissues, malignant masses, and benign masses.
Current Insights into the Neurotoxicity of Melamine: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Naeimi Reza , Safarpour Fatemeh , Askari Hamid , Ghasemi-Kasman Maryam 
Published: April 2024

:
Melamine, a heterocyclic nitrogen-rich triazine chemical compound, is widely used in various
household products, including furniture, dinnerware, and kitchen appliances. The unauthorized
addition of the mixture to various foodstuffs to misrepresent protein content resulted in catastrophic,
frequently life-threatening health consequences for kids as well as canines and has garnered international
attention. Numerous primary studies and evaluations have been focused on melamine toxicity's
implications on kidney function. Despite the profusion of literature on melamine's nephrotoxicity, evidence
regarding its toxicity to other organs remains scarce. A number of recent studies suggest melamine
can disrupt central nervous system (CNS) function and bring about cognitive impairments, contradicting
the commonly held belief that melamine's detrimental effects are limited to the urinary system.
The accumulation of melamine in the body is linked to various adverse effects, including depression,
impaired synaptic transmission, oxidative stress, and neurodegenerative diseases. Several mechanisms
may lead to such complications. However, numerous safeguards against melamine accumulation
have been identified. This review could shed light on the potential neurological effects and mechanisms
underlying melamine toxicity. Afterward, we will dive into the body's possible protective
mechanisms against melamine-induced toxicity.
Didactic tools as a condition for retraining welders on the basis of the training center of the enterprise
Authors: Ильина Наталья Николаевна , Ульяшин Николай Иванович 
Published: April 2024

Представлены методологические обоснования применения дидактического инструментария в качестве ведущего средства, формирующего мотивационную, познавательную и профессиональную деятельность рабочих на предприятии в условиях учебного центра производства. Определена теоретическая значимость изучаемой проблемы в теории и практике профессиональной подготовки рабочих в сфере сварочного производства. Уточнены понятия «внутрифирменное обучение», «внутрифирменная подготовка», «подготовка в условиях предприятия». Обосновано наполнение дидактического инструментария как категории вспомогательного средства для проведения учебно-производственных занятий в условиях учебного центра ОАО «Нижнетагильский металлургический комбинат» с позиции внутрифирменной подготовки.
Methodological substantiations of the use of didactic tools as a leading tool that forms the motivational, cognitive and professional activities of workers at the enterprise in the conditions of a production training center are presented. The theoretical significance of the studied problem in the theory and practice of professional training of workers in the field of welding production is determined. The concepts of “in-house training”, “in-house training”, “training in the conditions of the enterprise” are clarified. It is reasonable to fill didactic tools as a category of auxiliary means for conducting training and production classes in the conditions of the training center of JSC “Nizhnetagilsky Metallurgical Combine” from the position of in-house training. In the current situation, continuous development becomes one of the priority processes for the country. Standards are changing at a high rate, new equipment and new technologies are emerging, such processes require constant development in the field of human qualifications. A high-tech enterprise requires qualified employees, but it should be understood that after a while their qualifications will again be insufficient. At the present stage of industrial training according to the retraining programs of workers, modern information carriers are introduced in the theory and practice of teaching special courses. Currently, the main part of educational and teaching materials, including the text part of lecture materials, literary sources, illustrations, graphs, flowcharts, tables, diagrams, instructional and instructional-technological maps, practical cases.
Features of professional training of foreign specialists at a medical university
Authors: Сидоркина Кира Сергеевна 
Published: April 2024

В связи с увеличением количества иностранных студентов, поступающих в российские медицинские вузы, возрастает необходимость модернизации образовательного процесса с применением методов, приемов, техник обучения, наиболее эффективных для усвоения, понимания и запоминания изучаемого материала, а также формирования и развития общепрофессиональных и профессиональных компетенций будущих врачей с учетом специфики образовательного процесса в медицинском вузе и национально-психологических особенностей иностранных студентов. Цель статьи – выявление специфики преподавания профильных медицинских дисциплин иностранным студентам и разработка рекомендаций для преподавателей по организации процесса обучения иностранных студентов-медиков профильным медицинским дисциплинам, упорядочивание основных методов, приемов, техник обучения иностранных студентов таким профильным медицинским дисциплинам, как анатомия человека, биологическая химия, факультетская терапия, фармакология, микробиология и вирусология, травматология и ортопедия, инфекционные заболевания. В статье скомпонованы основные методы, приемы, техники, используемые при обучении иностранных студентов профильным медицинским дисциплинам как на русском языке, так и на языке-посреднике, направленным на формирование и развитие их общепрофессиональных и профессиональных компетенций: анатомия человека, биологическая химия, факультетская терапия, фармакология, микробиология и вирусология, травматология и ортопедия, инфекционные заболевания.
Due to the expansion in the number of international students entering Russian medical universities, there is an increasing need to modernize the educational process using methods, techniques and technologies that are most effective for learning, understanding and memorizing the studied material, as well as the formation and development of general professional and professional competencies of future doctors, taking into account the specificity of the educational process at a medical university and national psychological characteristics of foreign students. The purpose of the article is to identify the specificity of teaching principal medical subjects to foreign students and recommendations for teachers on the organization of the process of teaching foreign medical students principal medical subjects, ordering the basic methods, techniques and technologies of teaching foreign students to such principal medical subjects as human anatomy, biological chemistry, intermediate level therapy, pharmacology, microbiology and virology, traumatology and orthopedics, infectious diseases. The article summarizes the main methods, techniques and technologies used in teaching foreign students basic medical subjects both in Russian and in an intermediary language, aimed at the formation and development of their general professional and professional competencies.
Hepatic lipid accumulation is associated with multiple metabolic pathway alterations but not dyslipidemia and insulin resistance in central bearded dragons (Pogona vitticeps)
Authors: Beaufrère Hugues , Pacumio Lisa , Susta Leonardo , Tarbert Danielle , Ammersbach Mélanie , Keel Kevin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To investigate associations between hepatic fat accumulation, fibrosis, and plasma values of primary metabolites, biochemical measurands, insulin, and lipoproteins in bearded dragons.

ANIMALS
48 adult central bearded dragons (Pogona vitticeps).

METHODS
Dragons were sedated with alfaxalone, and a blood sample was collected. Plasma was submitted for untargeted primary metabolomics using gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry, a biochemistry panel, and a lipoprotein panel determined by PAGE. Hepatic lipid content was quantified by liver attenuation measurements from CT images and digital image analysis of standardized histologic sections of the liver. Fibrosis was quantified by digital image analysis on Masson’s trichrome–stained histologic sections. Severity was determined from pathologic review of liver sections according to a standardized grading system. Statistical associations were investigated using serial linear models adjusted for false discovery rate and multivariate statistics.

RESULTS
Both hepatic fat and fibrosis had a significant effect on CT liver attenuation values. Several oligosaccharides (maltotriose, maltose, ribose, trehalose) and alkaline phosphatase were significantly and linearly increased with hepatic lipid content (all q < .05). On partial least square–discriminant analysis, β-hydroxybutyric acid was the most important discriminatory variable between fatty liver severity grades on histology. No significant associations were found with insulin, lipoproteins, and succinic acid.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Bearded dragons with hepatic lipid accumulation experienced multiple metabolic pathway disruptions, some being compatible with mitochondrial dysfunction. No evidence of insulin resistance or dyslipidemia was found. Hepatic biopsy and histopathology remain recommended for reliably diagnosing and staging fatty liver disease in bearded dragons.
Scenarios – the art of bringing the future into today’s decision making!
Authors: Paltschik Mikael 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
For more than half a century scenario planning has been part of the toolbox for many strategic planners. The usefulness of the scenario approach is emphasized in turbulent times, as the ones we are living at present. Besides having proven its role in traditional strategic decision making, scenario planning can create value for a number of different purposes. In this article we briefly describe the history of scenario planning and its application in the field of strategy. Our main contribution is in highlighting other application areas for scenarios, like innovation, leadership, branding etc. Scenarios are in our opinion an excellent method to create appreciation for alternatives. And, at best, they contribute to exploration and learning of strategic territories that the decision maker has not been paying attention to. From “thinking the unthinkable” we now use scenarios to spot opportunities and build road maps to preferable futures. A proper scenario process allows disagreement of potential developments become an asset for the organization, fostering a constructive strategic discussion. And uncertainty becomes a friend, not a risk.
ПИЩЕВАЯ ЦЕННОСТЬ АПЕЛЬСИНОВОГО СОКА ПРОМЫШЛЕННОГО ПРОИЗВОДСТВА РАЗЛИЧНЫХ ТОРГОВЫХ МАРОК
Authors: Наумова  Наталья Леонидовна Наумова  Наталья Леонидовна , Лукин  Александр Анатольевич Лукин  Александр Анатольевич , Велисевич Евгений Александрович , Наумов  Никита Андреевич Наумов  Никита Андреевич 
Published: April 2024

Приведены результаты изучения пищевой ценности апельсинового сока промышленного производства торговых марок «Rich», «Santal», «Я» для уточнения и дополнения литературных сведений и выявления наиболее конкурентоспособной продукции. По уровням моно- и дисахаридов все пробы сока соответствовали справочным данным, но содержание лимонной кислоты превышало верхний уровень диапазона сравнения с максимальным отклонением в большую сторону (на 28,7 %) в соке «Я». Янтарная кислота присутствовала в продукции «Я» и «Rich» (больше в 1,6 раза). Уровень витамина С был характерен в напитках «Rich» и «Я». Общее содержание полифенолов и нарингина было выше в соке «Я»: в первом случае в 2,2 раза по отношению к напитку «Santal», на 15,9 % ‒ по отношению к «Rich»; во втором – в 2,1 раза и на 7,1 % соответственно. Уровень гесперидина был выше в напитке «Rich» – на 10,7 % по отношению к соку «Я», на 31,7 % – по отношению к «Santal». Антиоксидантная активность у всех образцов сока была в пределах 23,5…25,7 %. Впервые получены результаты по содержанию Al, B, Ba, Na, Ni, Sb, Sn, Si, Sr, Te, Zn в апельсиновом соке промышленного производства. Элементы B, Ba, Cu, К, Mg, Mn, Ni, P, Zn в соке «Rich» и «Я» находились в одном количественном интервале. Напиток «Rich» выделялся относительно высоким содержанием Ca, Se, Si, Sr, «Я» – уровнями Al и Fe, «Santal» – количеством Na. Однако в соке «Santal» содержание Mn было на 40 % ниже нижней границы диапазона сравнения, а количество Se превысило верхнюю границу наряду с «Rich» на 23 % и 53 % соответственно. Таким образом, за соком «Rich» и «Я» установлено конкурентное преимущество.
ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ СОВРЕМЕННЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ ОБРАБОТКИ ДЛЯ УВЕЛИЧЕНИЯ СРОКА ХРАНЕНИЯ ФРУКТОВ И ОВОЩЕЙ. ОБЗОР ПРЕДМЕТНОГО ПОЛЯ
Authors: Бурак Леонид Чеславович 
Published: April 2024

Термическая обработка, замораживание, сушка, упаковка в асептических условиях и обработка антимикробными средствами являются основными способами сохранения плодоовощной продукции. Вместе с тем, применяемые способы консервирования могут оказывать отрицательное влияние на качество овощей и фруктов. Поэтому учеными ведется постоянный поиск и разработка новых технологий обработки сырья, которые смогут обеспечить не только безопасность продуктов, но и максимально сохранить их качество и пищевую ценность. Цель статьи - обзор существующих современных технологий обработки плодоовощной продукции, их преимущества и недостатки, а также перспективы промышленного внедрения с целью увеличения срока хранения фруктов и овощей. В обзор включены статьи на английском и русском языке. Поиск зарубежной научной литературы на английском языке по данной теме проводили в библиографических базах «Scopus» и «Web of Science». Для отбора научных статей на русском языке провели поиск, по ключевым словам, в «Научной электронной библиотеке eLIBRARY.RU». Сохранение качества и пищевой ценности самого продукта, обеспечение его микробиологической безопасности и увеличение срока годности являются основными целями предприятий пищевой промышленности. Традиционными способами сохранения продуктов питания, применяемыми в промышленном производстве, являются тепловые методы обработки. Исследования, проведённые в течение более двух десятилетий, направлены на разработку эффективных технологий, гарантирующих не только безопасность пищевых продуктов, но и повышение их качества (улучшение внешнего вида, сохранение пищевой ценности и т. д.), увеличении срока хранения и снижение производственных затрат. Данные технологии известны как «развивающиеся технологии». Примерами их являются высокое гидростатическое давление, электромагнитные импульсы, омический нагрев, холодная плазма, ультрафиолетовая дезинфекция, озонирование, интеллектуальная упаковка. Современные технологии обработки имеют как множество преимуществ, так и некоторые существенные ограничения, которые не позволяют эффективно использовать данные способы обработки в промышленных условиях. Представленный обзор может служить материалом для других авторов и исследователей, которые проводят научные разработки в данном направлении. Настоящая статья может быть полезна специалистам пищевой промышленности при выборе и внедрению технологии обработки фруктов и овощей.
МОДИФИКАЦИЯ ТВЕРДОГО СПЛАВА WC-Co ПРИ ВОЗДЕЙСТВИИ МОЩНОГО ИОННОГО ПУЧКА НАНОСЕКУНДНОЙ ДЛИТЕЛЬНОСТИ
Authors: Бадамшин Артем Маратович , Ковивчак  Владимир Степанович Ковивчак  Владимир Степанович , Полонянкин  Денис Андреевич Полонянкин  Денис Андреевич , Поворознюк Сергей Николаевич 
Published: April 2024

В работе исследовано изменение морфологии и износостойкости металлорежущих пластин из твердого сплава ВК8 при воздействии мощного ионного пучка (МИП) наносекундной длительности: состав - 30 %H+ + 70 % C+, плотность тока пучка j = 150 А/см2, средняя энергия частиц E = 200 кэВ. В экспериментах варьировалось число импульсов облучения (n) = 1, 3, 10. Установлено, что данные режимы облучения приводят к оплавлению поверхности твердого сплава, возникновению кратеров и микротрещин в поверхностном слое. Определены режимы облучения, позволяющие повысить ресурс работы режущих пластин на 40 % в сравнении с исходными при обработке жаропрочного хромоникелевого сплава ХН62БМКТЮ.