bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On substituent effect in 1,n-homodisubstituted polyenes
Authors: Graff Marek , Ostrowski Sawomir , Dobrowolski Jan Cz. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The all-trans and all-cis polyenes homodisubstituted at the ends were calculated at the B3LYP/ 6-31G** level. The disubstitution gives rise to three end-types of the conformers: trans-trans, trans-cis, and cis-cis, denoted as EE, EZ, and ZZ. The symmetry of the EE or ZZ all-cis isomers depended on the double bond parity. Twelve substituents used: H, BeH, BH2, BF2, Br, CH3, Cl, CN, F, NH2, NO2, OH, and SiH3, were chosen to exhibit different σ- and π-electron donating and electron withdrawing properties. Unexpectedly, the intramolecular interactions between the substituents and the neighboring chain CH groups near appeared more decisive for the compound's stability than the substituent electron donating/withdrawing properties. The substituent-chain interplay was consonant in the all-trans and all-cis polyenes. Still, they were always more destabilizing in the latter than in all-trans isomers.
Risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases among 5-year-old low birth weight children
Authors: Konopásek Patrik , Kodytková Aneta , Korček Peter , Pecková Monika , Frantová Martina , Kotaška Karel , Kočí Martin , Flachsová Eva , Straňák Zbyněk , Janda Jan , Zieg Jakub 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Low birth weight (LBW) is associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVD); however, the roles of specific clinical and biochemical attributes remain unknown.
Methods
In this two-center study, we investigated risk factors (RFs) for the development of CVD among 5-year-old LBW children. The assessed RFs were low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and triglyceride (TG) levels; urine protein/creatinine ratio (PCR); masked hypertension (HT); and non-dipping blood pressure (BP).
Results
A total of 110 children participated in this study (eight with a BW < 2500g, 58 with a BW < 1500g, and 44 with a BW < 1000g) and all six factors were successfully collected in 51 of the children. Over half (58.8%) of the children had at least one RF. Masked HT, elevated LDL, TG, PCR, decreased HDL and the presence of non-dipping BP were found in 13.2%, 16.7%, 13.6%, 17.8%, 8.2%, and 37.7% of participants, respectively. Increased growth velocity (GV) was associated with decreased HDL (OR 1.36, P = 0.045) and lower risk of non-dipping BP (OR 0.83, P = 0.0384). Small for gestational age (SGA) status (OR 3.59, P = 0.0323), maternal anemia (OR 6.41, P = 0.0356), and greater gestational age (GA) (OR 2.43 per 1 week of age, P = 0.0004) were associated with proteinuria, while male sex was a protective factor (OR 0.16, P = 0.0203).
Conclusion
There was a high prevalence of CVD RFs in 5-year-old LBW children. SGA status at birth, maternal anemia, female sex, and higher GA were associated with proteinuria. The role of GV in the etiopathogenesis of CVD remains controversial.
Offloading Strategy based on Graph NeuralReinforcement Learning in Mobile EdgeComputing
Authors: Wang Tao , Sun Dingmi , Li Hao 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In Mobile Edge Computing (MEC), the service coverage limitation of base stations leads to dynamic changes in the connections between mobile devices and them, directly impacting the decision-making process of agents. The relationship between mobile devices and base stations is abstracted into an MEC structure graph in current research, however, traditional deep reinforcement learning faces challenges in effectively capturing the complex relationships between nodes within dynamic graph structures. To address this issue, this paper proposes a hierarchical mechanism known as Graph Neural Reinforcement Learning (M-GNRL) under multiple constraints to facilitate optimal result. Specifically, when tasks necessitate offloading for execution, M-GNRL algorithm recommends potential offloading nodes based on node representations. Selecting nodes with higher recommended probabilities to reconstruct into a deep reinforcement learning environment, aiming to extract crucial nodes to reduce the state space size of the policy. This strategy incorporates edge features from graph neural networks into the deep reinforcement learning architecture, after training, which can assist the agent in making optimal decisions in dynamic environments. To reduce the time required for mapping MEC scenarios into graph structures, this paper proposes an updating algorithm to acquire graph information that varies with anchor node. Comparative experiments demonstrate that the M-GNRL algorithm outperforms other baseline algorithms in terms of system cost and convergence performance.
Total elbow replacement in England: a protocol for analysis of National Joint Registry and Hospital Episode Statistics data
Authors: Hamoodi Zaid , Sayers Adrian , Whitehouse Michael R , Rangan Amar , Kearsley-Fleet Lianne , Sergeant Jamie C , Watts Adam C 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Primary total elbow replacement (TER) services in England are being restructured with the goal of centralising care to specialised centres. It is important to monitor the impact of this service redesign. Therefore, this study aims to provide detailed descriptions of the patients who are receiving primary TER surgery, where and by whom the surgery is being performed, and what the current surgical practices for TER are in England before the reconfiguration.
Methods
This analysis will use the National Joint Registry (NJR) elbow dataset and link it with NHS England Hospital Episode Statistics-Admitted Patient Care (HES-APC). It will include eligible patients from the start of the NJR elbow dataset in April 2012 to December 2022. The main objective is to determine the incidence of TER in England. Age-sex standardised rates will be calculated for groups including different ethnicities, and socioeconomic backgrounds, using the mid-year population data provided by the Office for National Statistics.
This study will summarise patient characteristics such as age, sex, body mass index (BMI), hand dominance, American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) grade, indication for TER, socioeconomic status, and patient co-morbidities. It will also examine implant fixation type, classification, brand/type, and changes over time in implant types used in England. Additionally, it will explore the characteristics and volume of the surgeons and hospitals providing primary TER services, including the grade of the primary surgeons, funding source for surgery, and admission type. The analysis will cover the number of procedures performed by surgeons and hospitals in each year of the study period in England and in each region of England. Finally, this study will summarise the elective wait time, postoperative length of stay, and any serious adverse events or re-admissions within 30 and 90 days after the TER.
Discussion
This study is the first deep dive into the NJR elbow dataset to describe the incidence of TER surgery in England and the characteristics of patients who are receiving it. This study will summarise current primary TER practices in England before service reconfigurations. The impact of reconfiguration can be monitored by comparing future practice to the outcomes from this study.
Cinicaltrials.gov ID: Submitted and pending outcome
Determination of the Elastic Modulus of Brazilian Tropical Wood at High Temperatures Using the Impulse Excitation Technique (IET)
Authors: Alves Rejane Costa , Júnior Gilson Mendonça Miranda , Carrasco Edgar Vladimiro Mantilla , Barbosa Maria Teresa Gomes , Santos White José dos , Rezende Marco Antônio Penido , Carvalho Eliene Pires 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Wood, as a renewable and highly abundant material, has been receiving increasing attention for use in high-performance applications, such as a structural element subjected to high temperatures. For its successful implementation in the construction or timber industry sector, it is crucial to understand its behavior during and after exposure to high temperatures. In this study, the red angelim wood, Dinizia excelsa, is subjected to high temperatures, up to a temperature of 508 K, using the dynamic excitation wave propagation test. For the study, the samples tested in the furnace were dimensioned in six distinct directions: the three main ones (radial, tangential, and longitudinal) and three intermediate ones (longitudinal-radial, longitudinal-tangential, and radial-tangential). The static test used only the main directions of wood orientation. The values of elasticity modulus exhibited a reduction after the heat treatment, resulting in significant decreases of up to 45%. The results obtained demonstrated that the excitation wave propagation method was effective in estimating the elasticity modulus at room temperature up to 508 K. Therefore, this study contributed to the construction of a database that can be expanded by future research focused on Brazilian woods.
MAPP optimization through elucidation of wood plastic composite microstructural behaviour in melt and solid state
Authors: Mabuto Briswell , Skosana Sifiso , Hlangothi Soshanganyane 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The compatibility of wood flour (WF) and thermoplastic matrix in wood plastic composites (WPC) has over the years been improved by means of coupling agents, surfactants and filler or matrix surface modifications. However, understanding the composite microstructure and the effects of coupling agents on microstructural behavior is pertinent for process optimizations. In the current work, the effect of varying maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (MAPP) amount at 10 and 30% WF contents on composite microstructure was investigated by monitoring changes in their rheo-mechanical properties. The study revealed that increase in the WF content increases the composite melt’s complex viscosity, dynamic moduli, stress, and creep flow resistance. In the absence of MAPP, the tensile strength, impact strength, and the elongation at break were reduced with WF content due to prevalent WF agglomerations. Incorporating MAPP in 1, 3, and 5% amounts showed a corresponding decrease in the abovementioned rheological properties while the tensile strength, impact strength, and elongation at break increased. Composites containing 10% WF content exhibited a levelling effect at 1% MAPP, while those containing 30% WF levelled off at 3% MAPP. This was indicative of a possible competitive process upon reaching the MAPP optima, resulting in zero or insignificant property changes upon further MAPP additions. Evidently, at 30% WF content, 5% MAPP exhibited discrepant behaviour characterized by higher complex viscosity, dynamic moduli, stress, creep flow resistance and levelling of mechanical properties compared to 3% MAPP. This was attributed to excess MAPP clustering at interphases, resulting in ineffective wetting and consequently higher internal friction within the composite microstructure.
Association between the atherogenic index of plasma and left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: a retrospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Sun Min , Liang Chao , Lin Hui , Chen Zhiyan , Wang Meng , Fang Shijie , Tian Tian , Yang Yujing , Tang Qunzhong , Zhang Erming , Tang Qiang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background: The atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) is a simple and reliable marker of insulin resistance and is closely associated with various cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, the relationships between AIP and left ventricular (LV) geometric indicators have not been adequately assessed. This study was carried out to investigate the association between AIP and LV geometric abnormalities in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients.
Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study included a total of 618 OSA patients (57.3 ± 12.4 years, 73.1% males, BMI 28.1 ± 4.2 kg/m2) who underwent echocardiography. Patients with OSA were diagnosed with clinical symptoms and an apnea-hypopnea index ≥ 5.0. LV hypertrophy (LVH) was defined as left ventricular mass index (LVMIh2.7) ≥ 50.0 g/m2.7 for men and 47.0 g/m2.7 for women. AIP was calculated as log10 (TG/HDL-C).
Results: Compared with the non-LVH group, AIP was significantly higher in the LVH group (0.19 ± 0.29 vs 0.24 ± 0.28, P = 0.024) and the concentric LVH group (0.18 ± 0.29, 0.19 ± 0.30, 0.20 ± 0.26 and 0.29 ± 0.29 in the control, concentric remodeling, eccentric hypertrophy and concentric hypertrophy groups, respectively, P = 0.021). Meanwhile, in the group of patients with the highest AIP tertile, the levels of LVMIh2.7 (42.8 ± 10.5, 43.2 ± 9.3 and 46.1 ± 12.1 in the T1, T2 and T3 groups, respectively, P = 0.003), and the prevalence of LVH (25.2%, 24.0% and 34.6% in the T1, T2 and T3 groups, respectively, P = 0.032) and concentric LVH (10.7%, 9.8% and 20.2% in the T1, T2 and T3 groups, respectively, P = 0.053) were higher compared with those in the other groups. Positive correlations between AIP and LV geometric indicators including the LVMIh2.7, LVMIBSA, LV mass (LVM), diastolic left ventricular inner diameter (LVIDd), diastolic left ventricular posterior wall thickness (PWTd) and diastolic interventricular septal thickness (IVSTd), were revealed according to correlation analysis (P < 0.05). Furthermore, AIP was independently associated with LVMIh2.7 according to multivariate linear regression model (β = 0.125, P = 0.001). Notably, AIP remained independently associated with an elevated risk of LVH (OR = 2.583, 95% CI: 1.213 - 5.499, P = 0.014) and concentric LVH (OR = 4.483, 95% CI: 1.734 - 11.589, P = 0.002) after fully adjusting for all confounding risk factors by multivariate logistic regression analyses.
Conclusions: AIP was independently associated with an increased risk of LVH and concentric LVH in OSA patients. Therefore, AIP, as a practical and cost-effective test, might be useful in monitoring hypertrophic remodeling of the heart and improving CVDs risk stratification in clinical management of OSA.
Computing palindromes and suffix trees of dynamic trees
Authors: Funakoshi Mitsuru , Mieno Takuya , Nakashima Yuto , Inenaga Shunsuke , Bannai Hideo , Takeda Masayuki 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

We consider the problems of computing maximal palindromes and distinct palindromes in an edge-labeled rooted tree where each edge is labeled by a single character. Such a tree is a natural generalization of a string, which can be seen as a single-path tree. There is a linear time offline algorithm to compute maximal palindromes and distinct palindromes in a given (static) tree whose edge-labels are drawn from a linearly-sortable alphabet [Mieno et al., ISAAC 2022]. In this paper, we tackle problems of palindrome enumeration on dynamic trees which support leaf additions and leaf deletions. We propose the first sub-quadratic algorithms to enumerate palindromes in a dynamic tree whose edge-labels are drawn from a general ordered alphabet. Our algorithm computes all maximal palindromes in O(N log h) time and all distinct palindromes in O(N log h + N log s) time with O(N) working space, where N is the number of edges in the tree, h is the height of the tree, and s is the number of distinct characters appearing in the tree. Furthermore, as a by-product, we present an O(N log N)-time online algorithm to construct the suffix tree of the input tree, which is of independent interest.
Integrative Multi-Omics and Machine Learning Approach Reveals Tumor Microenvironment-Associated Prognostic Biomarkers in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Jiao Wenzhi , Yang Shasha , Li Yu , Li Yue , Liu Shanshan , Shi Jianwei , Wang Guannan , Yu Minmin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The main purpose of this study is to dissect the intricacies of the Tumor Microenvironment (TME) in Ovarian Cancer (OV) by analyzing its immune cell composition and gene expression profiles. We aim to investigate how TME elements influence ovarian cancer prognosis, particularly their impact on the responsiveness to immune therapy. Our goal is to enhance understanding of immune interactions in OV TME, contributing to the development of precise, personalized therapeutic strategies and potentially improving clinical outcomes for OV patients.
Methods
Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data from the GEO database (GSE184880) for normal and OV cases were analyzed using the Seurat package, identifying 700 TME-related genes. A prognostic model based on these genes was developed using LASSO regression and validated with an independent dataset (GSE140082). Differential gene expression and gene function analyses were conducted using the TCGA-OV cohort, with a focus on immune infiltration assessed by the xCell algorithm.
Results
The study uncovered distinct immune cell infiltrates and associated genes within the OV TME. We developed a prognostic model that incorporates immune cell subgroup markers, showing its relevance in predicting patient outcomes. This model was also correlated with responses to immune therapy and drug sensitivity. Our analyses of T cell subgroups and trajectories provided insights into the dynamic nature of TME and its impact on patient prognosis.
Conclusion
This research offers a detailed characterization of the TME in OV, underlining the prognostic importance of TME-related gene signatures. Concentrating on the immune component, including gene expression and pathways related to immune cell infiltration and T cell dynamics, the findings clarify the response of OV to immune therapy. These insights not only deepen our comprehension of the complexity of TME but also pave the way for new, individualized treatment methods, potentially enhancing patient outcomes and aiding in the development of more effective therapeutic interventions.
The role of LncRNA-MANCR induced by HIF-1a drive the malignant progression of pancreatic cancer by targeting miRNA-494/SIRT1 signaling axis under hypoxic conditions
Authors: Jin Yan , Hu Hao , Tian Yitong , Xu Han , Yu Qiao , Cheng Long , Guo Xiaoyu , Wang Zongwei , Huang Xiaoxu , Wang Xiaoming , Wang Gang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Accumulating evidence has focused on the vital roles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the hypoxic extracellular microenvironment of multiple human tumours. This study revealed the prospective biological role and fundamental mechanisms of hypoxia-induced lncRNA-MANCR (MANCR), which is notably upregulated in pancreatic cancer (PC). This work uncovered the potential biological function and underlying mechanisms of hypoxia-induced MANCR, which is significantly elevated in PC.
Methods
Microarray assays confirmed MANCR expression in the tissues of patients with PC and patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP), which positively correlated with sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) mRNA levels. In PC cells, lncRNA expression levels were compared using RNA sequencing. The impact of MANCR on tumour proliferation and metastasis of PC cells and in vivo models cultured under either normoxic or hypoxic conditions was evaluated using gain- and loss-of-function experiments. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferase assays were employed to gauge binding within the hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α)/MANCR/miRNA-494/SIRT1 pathway. Additionally, the association between MANCR expression and the clinical outcomes of patients with PC was confirmed.
Results
MANCR is significantly upregulated in PC cells under hypoxic conditions, which is closely linked to poor prognosis in patients with PC. Depletion of MANCR repressed in vitro proliferation, migration, and invasion of PC cells and in vivo growth of PC xenograft tumours. We further demonstrated that MANCR is localised in the cytoplasm and competitively binds miR-494, which directly targets SIRT1. Mechanically, overexpression of SIRT1 improved the stability of the HIF-1α protein through deacetylation, leading to enhanced HIF-1α assembly. Moreover, MANCR underwent transcriptional regulation by HIF-1α in a hypoxic setting. This modulation was ascribed to HIF-1α binding to hypoxia response elements present in the MANCR promoter sequence. Furthermore, increased MANCR expression corresponded with lymphatic and distant metastases in patients with PC.
Conclusions
All data revealed the potential possibility of feedback between MANCR and HIF-1α, which may be conducive to hypoxia-induced oncogenicity and PC tumorigenesis, thereby providing a suitable therapeutic target.
The present state of primary ovarian lymphoma: a case report and twenty years of analysis
Authors: Liu Wei , Xu Houyun , Hu Jibo , Yu Xiping , Zhou Junjie , Hu Hongjie 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Objective
To analyze the clinical and imaging characteristics of primary ovarian lymphoma (POL) from the perspective of radiologists.
Materials and Methods
The clinical and imaging data of a 52-year-old patient diagnosed with POL was retrospectively analyzed in this study. A review and summary of similar cases reported in English over the past twenty years, as available in the PubMed database, were also conducted.
Results
The occurrence of POL is not limited by age but is more commonly observed in the forties years old. Clinical manifestations of POL are often nonspecific, presenting as an abdominal mass, abdominal pain, and ascites. The most prevalent histological subtype of POL is diffuse large B cell lymphoma. Imaging features are helpful for diagnosis, such as “ovarian retention sign”, “large ovaries touching each other”, and “vascular floatation”.
Conclusion
Imaging plays a crucial role in the diagnosis of POL, with radiologists serving as a pivotal role in furnishing essential diagnostic data to assist clinicians in devising suitable treatment strategies, preventing unnecessary surgical interventions.
Importance of OCT-derived Biomarkers for the Recurrence of Central Serous Chorioretinopathy using Statistics and Predictive Modelling
Authors: Seiler Emilien , Delachaux Léon , Cattaneo Jennifer , Garjani Ali , Duriez Alexia , Martin Thibaud , Baffou Jérémy , Mousavi Sepehr , Meloni Ilenia , Bergin Ciara , Tomasoni Mattia , Eandi Chiara M 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) is a posterior segment disease characterized by accumulation of subretinal fluid that, in acute forms, resolves spontaneously. However, about a third of the cases experience recurrences that might cause severe and irreversible vision loss due to anatomical outer retinal and retinal pigment epithelium changes. This study aims to identify optical coherence tomography (OCT)-derived parameters linked to CSCR recurrence. Our dataset included 5211 OCTs from 344 eyes of 255 CSCR patients. After expert labeling, 178 eyes were identified as recurrent, 109 were non-recurrent, and 57 were excluded. We extracted parameters using artificial intelligence and computer vision. We used inferential statistics to assess differential distribution between the recurrent and non-recurrent groups, and we employed predictive modeling for feature importance analysis. We identified 9 predictive biomarkers for CSCR recurrence, including age, presence of subretinal fluid, intraretinal fluid and Pigment Epithelial detachments, as well as choroidal vascularity index, integrity of photoreceptors and RPE layer, thicknesses of choriocapillaris and choroidal stroma, and thinning of internal retinal layers (outer nuclear layer, and inner nuclear layer combined with and outer plexiform layer). These results can potentially enable future developments in automatic detection of CSCR recurrence, paving the way for translational medical applications.