bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intraprostatic Injection of Alcohol Gel for the Treatment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Preliminary Clinical Results
Authors: Larson Benjamin T. , Netto Nelson , Huidobro Christian , de Lima Marcelo Lopez , Matheus Wagner , Acevedo Cristian , Larson Thayne R. 
Published: May 2007

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the most common diseases ailing older men. Office-based procedures offer the advantage of being more effective than medications, while limiting the adverse effects, cost, and recovery of surgery. This study presents preliminary data on a new procedure that utilizes intraprostatic alcohol gel injection to ablate prostatic tissue. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of using this gel as a treatment for BPH.A total of 65 patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) due to BPH were treated with intraprostatic injections of alcohol gel. The gel is composed of 97% denatured alcohol and a patented polymer to cause viscosity. Three different methods of injection were utilized: transrectal (TR) injections (8), transurethral (TU) injections (36), and transperineal (TP) injections guided by biplaned ultrasound (21). Each method provided easy access to the center of the prostate, where a volume of gel, approximately 20–30% of the prostatic volume, was injected. Follow-up was based on changes in peak urinary flow (Qmax), IPSS scores, quality of life scores (QoL), adverse effects, and failures. Data are available at 3 and 12 months.The procedure was well tolerated with only local or no anesthesia in the TR and TP groups; the TU group received spinal anesthesia. All groups showed statistically significant (p< 0.0001) improvements in Qmax, IPSS, and QoL. The mean amount of gel injected was 8.05 ml, representing 21.56% of the prostatic volume. Qmax increased from a baseline mean of 8.50 to 12.01 ml/s at 3 months, and to 11.29 ml/s at 12 months. IPSS scores improved from a baseline mean of 21.12 to 10.00 at 3 months, and to 11.84 at 12 months. QoL scores were only available for 55 patients. QoL scores improved from a baseline of 3.93 to 1.98 at 3 months, and to 2.18 at 12 months. No extraprostatic injury or adverse effects were reported due to treatment.This preliminary study presents significant results showing that intraprostatic injection of alcohol gel could be an option for the treatment of BPH and LUTS. The viscosity of the gel allows for accurate imaging under ultrasound, no run back along the needle allowing for multiple methods of delivery, and the gel does not spread to extraprostatic tissue. This new technique could provide a simple and possibly less expensive clinic procedure for treating BPH, and warrants further study.
Molecular dynamics simulations of the native and partially folded states of ubiquitin: Influence of methanol cosolvent, pH, and temperature on the protein structure and dynamics
Authors: Kony David B. , Hünenberger Philippe H. , van Gunsteren Wilfred F. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractA series of explicit‐solvent molecular dynamics simulations of the protein ubiquitin are reported, which investigate the effect of environmental factors (presence of methanol cosolvent in the aqueous solution, neutral or low pH value, room or elevated temperature) on the structure, stability, and dynamics of the protein. The simulations are initiated either from the native structure of the protein or from a model of a partially folded state (A‐state) that is known to exist at low pH in methanol–water mixtures. The main results of the simulations are: (1) The ubiquitin native structure is remarkably stable at neutral pH in water; (2) the addition of the methanol cosolvent enhances the stability of the secondary structure but weakens tertiary interactions within the protein; (3) this influence of methanol on the protein structure is enhanced at low pH, while the effect of lowering the pH in pure water is limited; and (4) the A‐state of ubiquitin can be described as a set of relatively rigid secondary structure elements (a native‐like β‐sheet and native‐like α‐helix plus two nonnative α‐helices) connected by flexible linkers.
Parathyroid hormone is a heparin/polyanion binding protein: Binding energetics and structure modification
Authors: Kamerzell Tim J. , Joshi Sangeeta B. , McClean Donald , Peplinskie Lori , Toney Karen , Papac Damon , Li Meili , Middaugh C. Russell 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe interaction of four representative polyanions with parathyroid hormone (PTH) residues 1–84 has been investigated utilizing a variety of spectroscopic and calorimetric techniques. Each of the polyanions employed demonstrate enthalpically driven binding to PTH (1–84) with significant affinity. The polyanions heparin, dextran sulfate, phytic acid, and sucrose octasulfate induce α‐helical structure in PTH to varying extents depending on the ratio of polyanion to protein employed. Intrinsic and extrinsic fluorescence spectroscopy suggests significant protein tertiary structure alteration upon polyanion binding. Although structural modification occurred upon polyanion binding, PTH colloidal stability was increased depending on the ratio of polyanion to protein used. Nevertheless, the bioactivity of PTH in the presence of various ratios of heparin was not altered. The potential biological significance of PTH/polyanion interactions is discussed.
Malonyl‐CoA: acyl carrier protein transacylase from Helicobacter pylori: Crystal structure and its interaction with acyl carrier protein
Authors: Zhang Liang , Liu Weizhi , Xiao Jianfeng , Hu Tiancen , Chen Jing , Chen Kaixian , Jiang Hualiang , Shen Xu 
Published: May 2007

AbstractMalonyl‐CoA: acyl carrier protein transacylase (MCAT) is a critical enzyme responsible for the transfer of the malonyl moiety to holo‐acyl carrier protein (ACP) forming the malonyl‐ACP intermediates in the initiation step of type II fatty acid synthesis (FAS II) in bacteria. MCAT has been considered as an attractive drug target in the discovery of antibacterial agents. In this study, the crystal structure of MCAT from Helicobacter pylori (Hp) at 2.5 Å resolution is reported, and the interaction of HpMCAT with HpACP is extensively investigated by using computational docking, GST‐pull‐down, and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technology‐based assays. The crystal structure results reveal that HpMCAT has a compact folding composed of a large subdomain with a similar core as in α/β hydrolases, and a similar ferredoxin‐like small subdomain as in acylphosphatases. The docking result suggests two positively charged areas near the entrance of the active site of HpMCAT as the ACP‐binding region. Binding assay research shows that HpMCAT demonstrates a moderately binding ability against HpACP. The solved 3D structure of HpMCAT is expected to supply useful information for the structure‐based discovery of novel inhibitors against MCAT, and the quantitative study of HpMCAT interaction with HpACP is hoped to give helpful hints in the understanding of the detailed catalytic mechanisms for HpMCAT.
Expression of p53 in lesions and unaffected skin of patients with plaque‐type and guttate psoriasis: A quantitative comparative study
Authors: YAZICI Ayça Cordan , KARABULUT Ayşe Anil , ÖZEN Özlem , EKŞIOĞLU Meral , ÜSTÜN Hüseyin 
Published: May 2007

ABSTRACTPsoriasis is a common inflammatory and hyperproliferative skin disease characterized by hyperproliferation of keratinocytes. The pathogenesis of psoriasis has yet to be determined. The control of cell growth is a delicately balanced process, regulated by external signals or the internal genetic program of an individual cell. In psoriasis, these processes are disturbed and some candidate genes like p53 are suspected of being involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. The p53 protein is essential for the regulation of cell proliferation. The study was performed on 32 patients with psoriasis (24 plaque type, eight guttate type). Biopsy specimens for immunohistochemical determination of p53 protein expression were collected from both the lesional and the nonlesional skin sites that were not exposed to sun in all of the patients (n = 32). Taking the ultraviolet (UV) exposure of the skin into consideration, a third skin sample was taken from each patient (n = 7) who had lesions on the sun‐exposed areas. Immunohistochemical assessment of p53 expression in skin was determined as p53 protein expression per 1000 cells (keratinocytes). The statistical analysis revealed that the expressions of p53 per 1000 cells were higher in non‐sun‐exposed lesional skin than the non‐sun‐exposed nonlesional skin, also in plaque‐type psoriasis than guttate‐type psoriasis (P = 0.000, P = 0.046, P = 0.037, respectively). There was a positive correlation between the p53 expression in non‐sun‐exposed lesional skin versus expression in sun‐exposed lesional skin (cubic centimeters = 0.811, P = 0.027). Our results show a stronger association of elevated p53 expression with chronic rather than acute inflammatory psoriasis. This may indicate a mechanistic difference between plaque‐type and guttate psoriasis. Alternatively, this could reflect a chronological course as the disease transitions from an acute to a chronic phase.
Mongolian spots with involvement of mandibular area
Authors: TANYASIRI Kanlaya , KONO Taro , GROFF William Frederick , HIGASHIMORI Takamitsu , PETROVSKA Iskra , SAKURAI Hiroyuki , NOZAKI Motohiro 
Published: May 2007

ABSTRACTA 1‐year‐old boy had grayish pigmentation on the left side of his face over the area supplied by the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve. Upon further examination, the lesion was also found on the left side of the neck, shoulder, upper arm, right lower back and buttock. The pigmentation was uniform in intensity. This case report demonstrates that Mongolian spots can occur on the face in the area supplied by the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve. These spots should not be misdiagnosed as nevus of Ota.
Lipoatrophia semicircularis: A compressive lipoatrophy consecutive to persistent mechanical pressure
Authors: HERANE María Isabel , URBINA Francisco , SUDY Emilio 
Published: May 2007

ABSTRACTLipoatrophia semicircularis is an infrequent condition characterized by semicircular depressions of the anterolateral aspects of the thighs. The origin of this peculiar variant of lipoatrophy is unknown, although repeated mechanical trauma on the affected thighs has been advocated in many cases. A 57‐year‐old woman presented with a 1‐year history of two bilateral, parallel, symmetric, asymptomatic depressions on the anterolateral aspect of her thighs. The patient worked as a cashier, permanently seated and almost always wearing trousers. The localization of lesions and their linear artifactual appearance perfectly matched with the strangling folds formed by trousers while being sat. Echotomographic examination revealed a loss of the normal echogenic pattern in the subcutaneous tissue of the affected areas. We believe that the anatomical adipose constitution of women's thighs predisposes that a persistent mechanical pressure induced by wearing trousers while being sat for long periods of time, originates a relative impaired circulation on a tenuous perfused tissue, and induces the development of lipoatrophia semicircularis.
Eosinophilic pustular folliculitis: The first case associated with hepatitis C virus
Authors: GUL Ulker , KILIC Arzu , DEMIRIZ Murat 
Published: May 2007

ABSTRACTEosinophilic pustular folliculitis is a rare disorder that is characterized by recurrent crops of papules and pustules localized on seborrheic areas of the body. The etiopathogenesis of the disease is still unknown, but it has been related to infections and immunosuppressive states. This report is the first case to be found to be related to hepatitis C virus infection.
Pharmacokinetics of trapidil, an antagonist of platelet derived growth factor, in healthy subjects and in patients with liver cirrhosis
Authors: HARDER SEBASTIAN , THÜRMANN PETRA A. , HELLSTERN ANTON , BENJAMINOV ANNA 
Published: May 2007

1Pharmacokinetic parameters of trapidil (an antagonist of platelet derived growth factor) were evaluated in 12 healthy male subjects (study I) and in a group of 10 patients with liver cirrhosis (Child B) and five control subjects, respectively (study II). 2Investigations were carried out after a single dose trapidil (200 mg) and at steady state after application of 200 mg trapidil three times daily for 5 days (study 1) or 4 days (study II). 3
Study I: The concentration‐time curves of the terminal elimination phase of trapidil exhibited a slight convexity which might reflect nonlinear kinetics. The AUC of trapidil obtained after the first dose (20.5 [±7.0 s.d.] μg ml−1 h) was markedly higher than the AUC determined at steady state (13.2 [±3.8 s.d.] μg ml−1 h), the non‐parametric 90% confidence intervals of the ratio day 5/day 1 was 0.58–0.73 (point estimator 0.64). 4
Study II: AUC averaged (21.4 [±9.1 s.d.] μg ml−1 h) in controls and (34.4 [±14.9 s.d.] μg ml−1 h) in cirrhotic patients. The 90% confidence intervals for the difference group 1 vs group 2 was 0.95–2.97 (point estimator 1.48, P=0.066). At steady state, AUC averaged (13.7 [±5.7 s.d.] μg ml−1 h) in controls and (20.8 [±6.8 s.d.] μg ml−1 h) in cirrhotic patients (90% confidence intervals group 1 vs group 2: 0.88–2.20 [point estimator 1.45, P=0.05]). As seen in study I, the AUC of trapidil obtained after the first dose was markedly higher than the AUC determined at steady state , the non‐parametric 90% confidence intervals of the ratio day 5/day 1 was 0.48–0.84 (point estimator 0.66) in control subjects and 0.54–0.72 (point estimator 0.64) in cirrhotic patients, respectively. 5An inverse correlation was seen between the results of the monoethylglycin‐xilidid (MEGX)‐test and the AUC of trapidil (single dose: r=−0.516, P=0.048; steady state: r=−0.548, P=0.042). 6Results of study I and study II indicate an autoinduction of trapidil metabolism after repeated oral doses. Although trapidil elimination is decreased in patients with liver cirrhosis (study II), the elimination half‐life at steady state is relatively short (2.4 [±1.1 s.d.] h) and therefore should prevent cumulation of trapidil even in cirrhotic patients.
Absence of effects of prolonged simvastatin therapy on nocturnal sleep in a large randomized placebo‐controlled study
Authors: KEECH A. C. , ARMITAGE J. M. , WALLENDSZUS K. R. , LAWSON A. , HAUER A. J. , PARISH S. E. , COLLINS R. 
Published: May 2007

It has been suggested that lipophilic HMG CoA reductase inhibitors, like lovastatin and simvastatin, may cause sleep disturbance.
Six hundred and twenty‐one patients at increased risk of coronary heart disease were randomized in a single centre to receive 40 mg daily simvastatin, 20 mg daily simvastatin or matching placebo. To assess the effects of prolonged use of simvastatin on nocturnal sleep quality and duration, a sleep questionnaire was administered to 567 patients (95% of 595 survivors) at an average of 88 weeks (range: 44–129 weeks) after randomization.
The main outcome measures were sleep‐related problems and use of sleep‐enhancing medications reported during routine study follow‐up visits, and responses to the sleep questionnaire about changes in sleep duration and about various sleep events during the preceding month.
No differences were observed between the treatment groups in the frequency of sleep‐related problems reported, in the proportion of follow‐up visits at which such problems were reported, or in the use of sleep‐enhancing medications. The numbers who stopped study treatment were similar in the different treatment groups, and no patient stopped principally because of insomnia. In response to the sleep questionnaire, there were no significant differences between the treatment groups in reports of various sleep events during the preceding month, except that slightly fewer patients allocated simvastatin reported waking often. No differences in sleep duration were observed.
This placebo‐controlled trial does not indicate any adverse effects of prolonged treatment with simvastatin on systematically sought measures of sleep disturbance.
Velocity model updating in prestack Kirchhoff time migration for PS converted waves: Part I – Theory
Authors: Dai Hengchang , Li Xiang‐Yang 
Published: May 2007

ABSTRACTA velocity model updating approach is developed based on moveout analysis of the diffraction curve of PS converted waves in prestack Kirchhoff time migration. The diffraction curve can be expressed as a product of two factors: one factor depending on the PS converted‐wave velocity only, and the other factor depending on all parameters. The velocity‐dependent factor represents the hyperbolic behaviour of the moveout and the other is a scale factor that represents the non‐hyperbolic behaviour of the moveout. This non‐hyperbolic behaviour of the moveout can be corrected in prestack Kirchhoff time migration to form an inverse normal‐moveout common‐image‐point gather in which only the hyperbolic moveout is retained. This hyperbolic moveout is the moveout that would be obtained in an isotropic equivalent medium. A hyperbolic velocity is then estimated from this gather by applying hyperbolic moveout analysis. Theoretical analysis shows that for any given initial velocity, the estimated hyperbolic velocity converges by an iterative procedure to the optimal velocity if the velocity ratio is optimal or to a value closer to the optimal velocity if the velocity ratio is not optimal. The velocity ratio (VP/VS) has little effect on the estimation of the velocity. Applying this technique to a synthetic seismic data set confirms the theoretical findings. This work provides a practical method to obtain the velocity model for prestack Kirchhoff time migration.
Fell–Muir Lecture: From collagen chemistry towards cell therapy – a personal journey
Authors: Grant Michael E. 
Published: May 2007

SummaryThe Fell–Muir Award requires the recipient to deliver a lecture and a review manuscript which provides a personal overview of significant scientific developments in the field of matrix biology over the period of the recipient's career. In this context, this review considers the collagen family of structural proteins and the advances in biochemical, molecular biological and genetic techniques which led to the elucidation of the structure, synthesis and function of this important group of extracellular matrix constituents. Particular attention is focussed on early research on the identification and assembly of the soluble precursors of collagen types I and II, and the identification of the precursor of basement membrane collagen type IV. In subsequent studies investigating the maintenance of the chick chondrocyte phenotype in culture, the influence of the extracellular milieu was found to influence markedly both cell morphology and collagen gene expression. These studies led to the discovery of collagen type X whose expression is restricted to hypertrophic chondrocytes at sites of endochondral ossification. Such research provided a prelude to investigations of mammalian endochondral ossification which is known to be aberrant in a variety of human chondrodysplasias and is reactivated in bone fracture repair and in osteoarthritis. The cloning of bovine and then human collagen type X genes facilitated studies in relevant human diseases and contributed to the discovery of mutations in the COL10A1 gene in families with metaphyseal chondrodysplasia type Schmid. Clustering of mutations in the C‐terminal domain of the type X collagen molecule has now been widely documented and investigations of the pathogenic mechanisms in animal models are beginning to suggest the prospect of novel treatment strategies.
Relationships among the nurse work environment, self‐nurturance and life satisfaction
Authors: Nemcek Mary Ann , James Gary D. 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Title. Title. Relationships among the nurse work environment, self‐nurturance and life satisfaction Aim.  This paper is a report of a study to (1) ascertain the relationship among self‐nurturance, perceived Magnet features and life satisfaction and (2) evaluate the predictive effects of self‐nurturance and Magnet features on life satisfaction.Background.  Promoting health is a global priority for nurses and for the public who depend upon them to provide quality care. Health gains can be realized by modifying the work environment and by modifying lifestyle choices (self‐nurturance). A study of nurses that examined perceptions of workplace features that enable nurses’ professional practice (Magnet features), self‐nurturance and healthy outcomes (life satisfaction) was not found in the literature.Methods.  Survey data collected in May 2003 from a convenience sample of 310 Registered Nurses were used for this descriptive, correlational study.Findings.  Self‐nurturing nurses were more satisfied with life and perceived that more Magnet features were present in the workplace. Nurses with a master's degree were more self‐nurturing than nurses without a baccalaureate degree. The synergistic effect of both self‐nurturance and workplace factors predicted 29% of variance in nurses’ life satisfaction.Conclusion.  Higher levels of perceived Magnet features and frequent self‐nurturance choices are important health influences on nurses’ life satisfaction. Greater life satisfaction is known to reduce job dissatisfaction while improving retention. Approaches that incorporate both self‐nurturance and workplace Magnet features are suggested to improve the health and retention of experienced nurses.
Multilocus nuclear sequences reveal intra‐ and interspecific relationships among chromosomally polymorphic species of cactophilic Drosophila
Authors: MACHADO CARLOS A. , MATZKIN LUCIANO M. , REED LAURA K. , MARKOW THERESE A. 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Drosophila mojavensis and Drosophila arizonae, a pair of sibling species endemic to North America, constitute an important model system to study ecological genetics and the evolution of reproductive isolation. This species pair can produce fertile hybrids in some crosses and are sympatric in a large part of their ranges. Despite the potential for hybridization in nature, however, evidence of introgression has not been rigorously sought. Further, the evolutionary relationships within and among the geographically distant populations of the two species have not been characterized in detail using high‐resolution molecular studies. Both species have six chromosomes: five large acrocentrics and one ‘dot’ chromosome. Fixed inversion differences between the species exist in three chromosomes (X, 2 and 3) while three are colinear (4, 5 and 6), suggesting that were introgression to occur, it would be most likely in the colinear chromosomes. We utilized nucleotide sequence variation at multiple loci on five chromosomes to test for evidence of introgression, and to test various scenarios for the evolutionary relationships of these two species and their populations. While we do not find evidence of recent introgression, loci in the colinear chromosomes appear to have participated in exchange in the past. We also found considerable population structure within both species. The level of differentiation discovered among D. arizonae populations was unexpectedly high and suggests that its populations, as well as those of D. mojavensis, may be themselves undergoing incipient speciation and merit further attention.