bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Circuit mechanism underlying fragmented sleep and memory deficits
in 16p11.2 deletion mouse model of autism
Authors: Chung Shinjae , Choi Ashley , Smith Jennifer , Wang Yingqi , Shin Ray , Kim Bo Won , Wiest Alyssa , Xi Jin , An Isabella , Hong Jiso , Antila Hanna , Thomas Steven , Bhattarai Janardhan , Beier K , Ma Minghong , Weber Franz 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Sleep disturbances are prevalent in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and have a major impact on the quality of life. Strikingly, sleep problems are positively correlated with the severity of ASD symptoms, such as memory impairment. However, the neural mechanisms underlying sleep disturbances and cognitive deficits in ASD are largely unexplored. Here, we show that non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREMs) is highly fragmented in the 16p11.2 deletion mouse model of ASD. The degree of sleep fragmentation is reflected in an increased number of calcium transients in the activity of locus coeruleus noradrenergic (LC-NE) neurons during NREMs. Exposure to a novel environment further exacerbates sleep disturbances in 16p11.2 deletion mice by fragmenting NREMs and decreasing rapid eye movement sleep (REMs). In contrast, optogenetic inhibition of LC-NE neurons and pharmacological blockade of noradrenergic transmission using clonidine reverse sleep fragmentation. Furthermore, inhibiting LC-NE neurons restores memory. Rabies-mediated unbiased screening of presynaptic neurons reveals altered connectivity of LC-NE neurons with sleep- and memory regulatory brain regions in 16p11.2 deletion mice. Our findings demonstrate that heightened activity of LC-NE neurons and altered brain-wide connectivity underlies sleep fragmentation in 16p11.2 deletion mice and identify a crucial role of the LC-NE system in regulating sleep stability and memory in ASD.
Perspectives of Biochar-Aided Advanced Oxidation Processes for the Remediation of Emerging Dyeing Contaminants
Authors: Katika Raveena Malkari , Mandapati Ramesh Naidu , Tondepu Subbaiah , Davuluri Syam Babu , Boddu Sumalatha 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Biochar-aided Advanced Oxidation Processes (BC-AOPs) have emerged as a novel and promising method for degrading wide organic contaminants in water and wastewater treatment. In this investigation, the principles, processes, and possible applications of BC-AOPs are highlighted. AOPs produce highly reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as hydroxyl radicals (•OH), to oxidize and mineralize organic contaminants. Biochar, a carbonaceous material derived from biomass pyrolysis, serves as a catalyst or support in AOPs, enhancing their efficiency and stability. Biochar distinctive physicochemical features, such as large pore volumes, functional groups, and high surface area, contribute to its catalytic role in enhancing OH production. The combination of biochar and AOPs creates synergistic effects, enabling the degradation of a wide range of recalcitrant dyeing contaminants, inclusive of many industries. BC-AOPs offer several advantages, including low-cost materials, versatility, and the potential for sustainable synthesis through the utilization of various biomass residues. However, challenges remain in optimizing biochar characteristics, understanding reaction kinetics, and evaluating the long-term stability and reusability of biochar in AOPs. BC-AOPs hold significant promise as an effective and environmentally friendly technology for water and wastewater treatment, contributing to the mitigation of water pollution and ensuring water resource sustainability.
Forecasting strong subsequent events in the Italian territory: a National and Regional application for NESTOREv1.0
Authors: Brondi Piero , Gentili Stefania , Giovambattista Rita Di 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The Italian territory is one of the most seismically active areas in Europe, where Strong Subsequent Events (SSEs), in combination with the strong mainshock effects, can lead to the collapse of already weakened buildings and to further loss of lives. In the last few years, the machine learning-based algorithm NESTORE (Next STrOng Related Earthquake) [Gentili and Di Giovambattista 2017, 2020, 2022, Gentili et al. 2023, Anyfadi et al. 2023] was proposed and used to forecast clusters in which the mainshock is followed by a SSE of similar magnitude. Recently, a first new version of a MATLAB package based on this algorithm (NESTOREv1.0) has been developed to improve SSE forecasting for research purpose and on-line sharing (Gentili et al. 2023). In our analysis, we considered both a nationwide and a regional approach for Italy, by studying the seismicity recorded over the last 40 years in two areas covering most of the Italian territory and northeastern Italy, respectively. In both approaches, using two dedicated catalogs, we trained NESTOREv1.0 on the clusters occurring approximately in the first 30 years of catalogues and we evaluated its performance on the last 10 years. The results showed that 1 day after the mainshock occurrence the rate of correct SSE forecasting is larger than 85% in both areas, supporting the application of NESTOREv1.0 in the Italian territory. Furthermore, by training the software on the entire period available for the two catalogs, we obtained good results in terms of near-real-time class forecasting for clusters recorded from 2021 onward.
Sarbecovirus RBD indels and specific residues dictating multi-species ACE2 adaptiveness
Authors: Yan Huan , Si Junyu , Chen Yuanmei , Gu Mengxue , Sun Yehui , Huang Meiling , Shi Lulu , Yu Xiao , Yang Xiao , Xiong Qing , Ma Chengbao , Liu Peng , Shi Zhengli 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Sarbecoviruses exhibit varying abilities in using angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor1-3. However, a comprehensive understanding of their multi-species ACE2 adaptiveness and the underlying mechanism remains elusive, particularly for many sarbecoviruses with various receptor binding motif (RBM) insertions/deletions (indels)4-11. Here, we analyzed RBM sequences from 268 sarbecoviruses categorized into four RBM indel types. We extensively examined the capability of 14 representative sarbecoviruses and their derivatives in using ACE2 orthologues from 51 bats and five non-bat mammals. We revealed that most sarbecoviruses with longer RBMs (type-I), present broad ACE2 tropism, whereas viruses with single deletions in Region 1 (type-II) or Region 2 (type-III) generally exhibit narrow ACE2 tropism, typically favoring their hosts’ ACE2. Sarbecoviruses with double region deletions (type-IV) exhibit a complete loss of ACE2 usage. Subsequent investigations unveiled that both loop deletions and critical RBM residues significantly impact multi-species ACE2 tropism in different ways. Additionally, fine mapping based on type-IV sarbecoviruses elucidated the role of several clade-specific residues, both within and outside the RBM, in restricting ACE2 usage. Lastly, we hypothesized the evolution of sarbecovirus RBM indels and illustrated how loop length, disulfide, and adaptive mutations shape their multi-species ACE2 adaptiveness. This study provides profound insights into the mechanisms governing ACE2 usage and spillover risks of sarbecoviruses.
Assessment of Rainfall Variability in Ladakh amidst of evolving Climate
Authors: Singh Richa , Bhatla Rajeev 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Ladakh is characterized by a cold desert and fragile ecosystem that is geographically connected to the Western Himalaya and highly susceptible to changing climate. In the current scenario, the region is receiving more extreme rain events, which have disturbed ecosystem balance and triggered disasters like flash floods and landslides. Therefore, a comprehensive study of rainfall patterns over the past 90 years has been done here, which provides insight into climate trends. In this study, the rainfall pattern has been statistically quantified on a tricadal (30-year period) and decadal (10-year period) basis from 1932 to 2021 by using gridded rainfall data from the Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) to analyze changes in rainfall in all four seasons, namely pre-monsoon, monsoon, post-monsoon, and winter, and calculate the trends by using non-parametric tests like Mann-Kendall (MK) and Sen’s slope. The results indicate that certain seasons have seen higher rainfall than others. This study employs the precipitation concentration index (PCI) for rainfall variation estimation, accounting for overlapping time segments. PCI values show uniform and highly concentrated rainfall, which indicates the potential for extreme weather events. The study indicates a decadal shift possibly linked with broader climate cycles along with an increased frequency of extreme rain events. Long-term trends are visible in the tricadal analysis, with increased pre-monsoon rainfall in T1 (1932–1961) and decreased monsoon and post-monsoon rainfall in T2 (1962–1991) and T3 (1992–2022). This study is useful in water resources management, agriculture, and ecosystem services.
Long-Term Coastal Observatory-High Frequency Radar Commissioning Process and Considerations
Authors: Fuller Christopher , Ernest Andrew , Scoggins Mitch , Haselbach Liv , Wu Xing , Ogbodo Cletus , Fitzgerald Rosa 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

High Frequency Radar (HFR) has gained world-wide use as a land based remote sensing technology capable of measuring ocean surface currents and ocean waves at ranges up to 200 km or more. Regional HFR networks support a variety of services including support for search and rescue, marine spill response, and resource management operations. HFR data is also applicable to validate and calibrate hydrodynamic models that are used to forecast storm-surge and combined flooding. Long-term time series data are also needed to assess changes in ocean/estuary currents in response to changes in climate, hydrology, and major coastal infrastructure. The main objective of this paper is to document the commissioning process for Coastal HFR networks to measure estuary currents in Galveston Bay and Sabine Lake Texas in Southeast Texas. The general process included several steps including: site selection, site access negotiation, permitting, station design, station commissioning, network operation and maintenance, and long-term resilience considerations, many of which also used data from remote sensing platforms. To some degree, these processes could be considered sequential, however in practice intermediate steps were essentially iterative in nature. Differing from a document focused on best practices for HFR deployment, this paper provides an overview of technical and administrative considerations involved in the establishment of long-term environmental observatories.
Relation Between Albumin multiply by high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and severity of coronary stenosis
Authors: He Li , Chen Sisi , Zhu Xuan , He Fang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objective The relationship between serum albumin (ALB), high-density lipoprotein (HDL-c) and cardiovascular events is well established. However, few studies have explored the relationship between these two indicators in combination and CHD. Therefore, we will explore its association with the degree of coronary heart disease and predict the severity of coronary artery stenosis in patients with coronary heart disease. Methods We included 937 patients who underwent coronary angiography and reviewed their general conditions and laboratory test results for retrospective analysis. According to Gensini score, CHD patients were divided into mild, moderate and severe coronary artery stenosis, and Spearman correlation analysis was used to detect the relationship between serum indicators and the severity of coronary artery stenosis. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the factors affecting the severity of coronary artery disease. Results Compared with the control group, the level of ALB*HDL-c in the CHD group was lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). Compared with the subgroups of coronary artery disease, the severe disease group differed greatly from the other three groups as the degree of coronary disease increased. Gensini score was negatively correlated with ALB*HDL-c. Multiple regression analysis showed that ALB*HDL-c was significantly correlated with coronary heart disease. ALB*HDL-c is an independent predictor of CHD. ROC analysis showed that the critical value of ALB*HDL-c to predict CHD was 40.599, the sensitivity of 84.1% and the Yoden index of 0.475 could predict CHD, and the area under ROC curve was 0.804 (95% CI 0.772 to 0.837, P < 0.001). Conclusion ALB*HDL-c is an independent risk factor for CHD, which is closely related to coronary artery stenosis and can be used as an independent indicator of the severity of coronary artery stenosis.
Rapid degradation of methyl p-hydroxybenzoate by dielectric barrier discharge synergized with persulfate: Performance, mechanism, pathway and toxicity assessment
Authors: Duan Yu , Dong Bingyan , Li Zhendong , Wang Peixiang , Tan Yanwen , Zhang Qin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this study, a dielectric barrier discharge reactor was designed for the rapid and efficient degradation of methylparaben (MeP), an organic pollutant in wastewater. The superiority of the degradation performance against MeP was jointly evaluated by degradation, voltage-current waveform plots, kinetic curves, energy efficiency and synergy factor. The single DBD discharge performance was investigated and it was determined that the coaxial electrode structure achieves an optimal energy consumption of 0.28 g/kWh at a dielectric tube thickness of 1 mm gas gap of 2 mm peak voltage of 21 kV.The degradation rate of MeP reached 70.1% after 15 min of treatment at discharge frequency of 7.8 kHz, aeration flow rate of 8 L/min, initial MeP concentration of 30 mg/L and pH=7. The DBD synergized persulfate (PS) system conforms to first-order kinetics, with a kinetic constant increase of 0.080 min-1 over single DBD. The highest synergy factor was 2.50 at a PS addition of 15 mM, and the highest energy efficiency was 0.99 g/kWh at an initial concentration of 90 mg/L of MeP. Common inorganic anions, CO2-3 promoted degradation, SO2- 4 inhibited degradation, Cl-and HPO2-4 had little effect. •OH, •O-2, and SO-4• all participate in the reaction, with •O-2 contributing the most. H2O2 and O3 were equally involved in degradation.The actual intermediates of the degradation process were identified by LC-MS and combined with DFT calculations to predict the MeP degradation pathway, and toxicity analysis by QSAR model.
The Application of Wing-shaped Window Decompression Device in the Treatment of Large Odontogenic Keratocyst: A Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Liu Haifeng , Liu Kai , Zhou Nuo , Huang Xuanping 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background: In order to improve the decompression and drainage effects after marsupialization of large Odontogenic Keratocyst in the jawbone, a new type of cyst plug was designed, and the feasibility of its clinical application was explored.
Methods: A total of 42 patients with large Odontogenic Keratocyst requiring decompression were included and randomly divided into two groups: Control group (n=21) and Experimental group (n=21). Patients in the Control group underwent traditional drainage tube insertion, while patients in the Experimental group received personalized wing-shaped plug. The clinical efficacy of the wing-shaped plug was evaluated, and the postoperative recovery time of the two groups of patients was compared.
Results: The average wearing time of the wing-shaped plug was approximately 14 months. Compared to the control group, the treatment duration was shortened by about 3 months, with better fit, comfort, less food residue, minimal irritation to surrounding tissues, aesthetically pleasing appearance, and less experienced pain.
Conclusion: The adaptive wing-shaped plug provides better prognosis for patients undergoing decompression of Odontogenic Keratocysts and holds significant potential in clinical application.
Deciphering the Synergistic Influence of Bacterial Proliferation and EPS Secretion on Soil Water Dynamics
Authors: Wang Qiandan , Li Shengtao , Lu Ying , Shi Min , Wu Yuhui , Yang Yuesuo , Zhu Yingqi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Bio-clogging is critical to the efficiency of soil aquifer treatment. Herein, utilized a percolation recharge device to investigate dynamic changes in biofilm and the corresponding response changes of three typical hydraulic properties of media within the percolation column. The results revealed that the biofilm exhibited a five-stage growth morphology: bacterial stage, colony stage, biofilm with filamentous EPS stage, biofilm with mesh EPS stage, and dense biofilm stage. The hydraulic conductivity exhibited nonuniform decay across five stages: initial fluctuation period, swiftly declining period, accelerated declining period, gently decreasing period, and equilibrium stabilizing period. Both bacteria and EPS contribute to the attenuation of the infiltration properties. Due to its hydrophilic nature, EPS played a more prominent role in storing and dispersing water. As such, significant changes in water holding capacity and material transport mechanism occurred at EPS secretion onset. From 0-18h, bacterial colonisation enhanced water-holding capacity somewhat, whereas the hydraulic dispersion coefficient gradually rose. After 18 hours, a substantial amount of extracellular polymers were produced, considerably enhanced water-holding capacity and altered medium migration from convection to dispersion.
Integrative analysis of the immunological features and immunotherapy response of positive regulators of T cell function in colorectal cancer
Authors: Pu Ke , Gao Jingyuan , Feng Yang , Hu Jian , Tang Shunli , Yang Guodong , Xu Chuan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background: The positive T-cell function regulators (PTFRs), known for their role in T-cell proliferation and activation, have emerged as potential prognostic indicators in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the influence of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and the response to immunotherapy remains unclear.
Methods: In this study, we conducted an analysis of PTFR related CRC subtypes based on highly ranked prognostic PTFRs using four independent transcriptome datasets. By identifying differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in two subtypes, we constructed a PTFR risk model using LASSO and Cox regression techniques. Subsequently, we investigated the association between the TFPR risk model and various factors including survival time, clinical information, TME characteristics, tumor mutation profile, microsatellite instability (MSI), Cell stem cells (CSC) index, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy.
Results: The PTFR risk model exhibited significant predictive ability for CRC, enabling the estimation of immune cell content, HLA expression levels, immune checkpoint blade expression, mutation burden, CSC index characteristics, and immunotherapeutic efficacy.
Conclusions: These findings contribute to our understanding of PTFRs in CRC development and introduce a novel assessment system for CRC immunotherapy, enhancing our ability to predict treatment outcomes and personalize therapeutic approaches.
Recent inter-seasonal variability of EDW in the North Atlantic using Volume Index
Authors: Sonfack Brice - Rousvel , Mpame Guilène , Nzeukou Armand , Kenfack-Sadem Christian , Vondou appolinaire Derbertini , Sandjon Alain Tchakoutio 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The inter-annual, intra-seasonal, and seasonal variability of Eighteen Degree Water (EDW) volume was investigated in this paper using a new metric called the Volume Index (VI), based on the vertical integration of ocean’s layer probability to have a temperature in the mode water range over a given time range t. It has been applied to BOA-Argo datasets from 225,792 existing temperature profiles for the period 2004-2019 over the Subtropical North Atlantic region and sought to capture the variability of EDW volume. Monthly North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) data from CRU and ENSO data from PSL-NOAA have also been used and compared to the trend of the EDW volume variability to understand its cause. We have analyzed the total volume of EDW during winter (JFM) and summertime (JAS) and have compared their signal and the major results of this paper demonstrate the total volume of EDW is more important in summer (JAS) than in winter (JFM). Our study has shown the EDW total volume fluctuates around 60Svy reaching its maximum at 72Svy. In addition, the EDW total volume fluctuates around 65Svy with values varying between 55-72Svy in summer, while it is around 52Svy with values varying between 41-106Svy in winter. The Inter-annual variability brought out a slight increase from 2004 to 2008, a signal oxalate around a stable from 2008 to 2014, and a remarkable downward trend during 2014- 2017. Volume Index displayed a good stratification of EDW in the ocean. NAO correlates well with the noticeable downward trend in EDW volume during 2015-2017. Intra-seasonal variability also showed the same downward trend in both winter and summertime. We equally have observed the weak signal of the EDW volume during the winter season of 2011, which is also well correlated with El Niño 2009-2011. Finally, the metric VI, the method of Volume Index proved to be an efficient analysis tool to capture the variability of EDW volume with a statistical uncertainty of around 0.1.
Proportion of Vitiligo and Associated Factors Among Patients Visiting Dermatology Opd in Tibebe Ghion Specialized Hospital and Addisalem Primary Hospital, Bahirdar City, Ethiopia,2023.
Authors: kibret girum , teklit abel , abebe Yared , ADMASSU ELENI , gemechu robel 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background vitiligo is a chronic acquired pigmentary disorder that results from the loss of functioning melanocytes resulting in white patches of skin and is rarely accompanied by itching. Different studies show the prevalence and associated factors of vitiligo in developing and developed countries, but studies are limited in our country.Objective this study aimed to determine the prevalence of vitiligo and factors associated among patients visiting the dermatologic outpatient department at Tibebe Ghion Specialized Hospital and Addisalem Primary Hospitals Bahir Dar from September 15 to November 15, 2023, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.Methods An institution-based cross-sectional study design was conducted using SPSS version 26, multivariable binary logistic regression analysis was used.Result out of 460 patients that visited the outpatient clinic, 243 (52.8%) were females, and 133(28.9%) were between 25–34 years. The prevalence of vitiligo was 34 (7.4%). Residence, Family history of vitiligo, and Aggravating factors (Trauma) were significant predictors of Vitiligo at p < 0.05. Rural residents were 3 times more likely to be affected by vitiligo than urban residents (AOR: 3.18; 1.10–9.18). family history of vitiligo had 2 times more chance to be affected by vitiligo (AOR: 2.20; 2.16–4.76). In addition, patients who have aggravating factors have a great chance of being affected by vitiligo (AOR: 1.08; 1.01–2.08).Conclusion vitiligo prevalence is notably high, with generalized vitiligo being the most frequent type. The highest prevalence occurs within the 14–24 age group. We suggest intensifying awareness campaigns among young adults in this age bracket to educate them about the condition, including its causes, symptoms, and available treatment options.