bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Blind search and flexible product visions: the sociotechnical shaping of generative music engines
Authors: Bown Oliver 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAmidst the surge in AI-oriented commercial ventures, music is a site of intensive efforts to innovate. A number of companies are seeking to apply AI to music production and consumption, and amongst them several are seeking to reinvent the music listening experience as adaptive, interactive, functional and infinitely generative. These are bold objectives, having no clear roadmap for what designs, technologies and use cases, if any, will be successful. Thus each company relies on speculative product visions. Through four case studies of such companies, I consider how product visions must carefully provide a clear plan for developers and investors, whilst also remaining open to agile user-centred product development strategies, which I discuss in terms of the ‘blind search’ nature of innovation. I suggest that innovation in this area needs to be understood in terms of technological emergence, which is neither technologically determinist nor driven entirely by the visions of founders, but through a complex of interacting forces. I also consider, through these cases, how, through the accumulation of residual value, all such start-up work risks being exapted for more familiar extractive capitalist agendas under the general process that Doctorow calls “enshittification”. Lastly, I consider a number of other more specific ways in which these projects, if their growth is achieved, could influence music culture more broadly.
Deep learning for robust forecasting of hot metal silicon content in a blast furnace
Authors: Giannetti Cinzia , Borghini Eugenio , Carr Alex , Raleigh James , Rackham Ben 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The hot metal silicon content is a key indicator of the thermal state in the blast furnace and it needs to be kept within a pre-defined range in order to ensure efficient operations. Effective monitoring of silicon content is challenging due to the harsh environment in the furnace and irregularly sampled measurements. Data-driven approaches have been proposed in the literature to predict silicon content using process data and overcome the sparsity of silicon content measurements. However, these approaches rely on the selection of hand-crafted features and ad hoc interpolation methods to deal with irregular sampling of the process variables, adding complexity to model training and optimisation, and requiring significant effort when tuning the model over time to keep it to the required level of accuracy. This paper proposes an improved framework for the prediction of silicon content using a novel deep learning approach based on Phased LSTM. The model has been trained using 3 years of data and validated over a 1-year period using a robust walk-forward validation method, therefore providing confidence in the model performance over time. The Phased LSTM model outperforms competing approaches due to its in-built ability to learn from event-based sequences and scalability for real-world deployments. This is the first time that Phased LSTM has been applied to real-world datasets and results suggest that the ability to learn from event-based data can be beneficial for the process industry where event-driven signals from multiple sensors are common.
Oral manifestations in women using hormonal contraceptive methods: a systematic review
Authors: Rojo Marta García , Lloret Miguel Ramón Pecci , Gironés Julia Guerrero 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Objectives
To investigate the oral manifestations in women of reproductive age using hormonal contraceptive methods.

Materials and methods
This review is based on the PRISMA statement. A literature search incorporated observational studies from the last 21 years. An investigative question was formulated using the PICO model, studies were selected, and a quality analysis was performed using the modified STROBE guidelines. A bibliometric analysis was performed, and the data were examined.

Results
Thirteen articles were included, with the majority evaluating periodontal status. Others analyzed factors such as the presence of alveolar osteitis, oral candidiasis, and salivary microbiome dysbiosis. Ten articles were deemed to have a low risk of bias.

Conclusions
Hormonal contraceptives may increase the risk of alveolar osteitis following tooth extraction and increase the presence of the Candida species in the oral cavity. They also affect the periodontium, such as the frequent development of gingivitis, but do not lead to changes in the salivary microbiome.

Clinical relevance
The increasing number of women using hormonal contraceptives and the knowledge that these contraceptives can produce oral cavity alterations underscore the need to evaluate the oral manifestations found in these women.
Strategies to Close the PrEP Uptake Gap Among Transgender People and Men Who Have Sex with Men in Tshwane, South Africa: Perspectives from the Community
Authors: Perez-Urbano India , Dilraj Athmanundh , Pitsi Annah , Hlongwane Naomi , Abdelatif Nada , Dietrich Janan , Ahmed Khatija 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) uptake among transgender (TG) people and gay men and other men who have sex with men (MSM) remains low, despite South Africa being the first African country to approve PrEP. This mixed-methods study used a two-phase explanatory sequential design: (1) quantitative analysis of cross-sectional surveys followed by (2) qualitative in-depth interviews. This study explored facilitators and barriers to PrEP uptake to identify strategies to increase utilization in these key populations. We conducted 202 cross-sectional surveys and 20 in-depth interviews between July 2021 and March 2022 in Soshanguve, Tshwane, Gauteng. Quantitative data were analyzed using univariate logistic regression; thematic analysis was performed for qualitative data. Findings show high willingness to use PrEP but low PrEP uptake. We outline strategies to facilitate PrEP use: (1) demystify daily PrEP by deploying community-engaged PrEP education campaigns; (2) capitalize on existing peer networks; and (3) expand accessible and culturally responsive PrEP service delivery models. We provide feasible recommendations to close the PrEP uptake gap in these key populations in South Africa.
Cost-sensitive learning for imbalanced medical data: a review
Authors: Araf Imane , Idri Ali , Chairi Ikram 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntegrating Machine Learning (ML) in medicine has unlocked many opportunities to harness complex medical data, enhancing patient outcomes and advancing the field. However, the inherent imbalanced distribution of medical data poses a significant challenge, resulting in biased ML models that perform poorly on minority classes. Mitigating the impact of class imbalance has prompted researchers to explore various strategies, wherein Cost-Sensitive Learning (CSL) arises as a promising approach to improve the accuracy and reliability of ML models. This paper presents the first review of CSL for imbalanced medical data. A comprehensive exploration of the existing literature encompassed papers published from January 2010 to December 2022 and sourced from five major digital libraries. A total of 173 papers were selected, analysed, and classified based on key criteria, including publication years, channels and sources, research types, empirical types, medical sub-fields, medical tasks, CSL approaches, strengths and weaknesses of CSL, frequently used datasets and data types, evaluation metrics, and development tools. The results indicate a noteworthy publication rise, particularly since 2020, and a strong preference for CSL direct approaches. Data type analysis unveiled diverse modalities, with medical images prevailing. The underutilisation of cost-related metrics and the prevalence of Python as the primary programming tool are highlighted. The strengths and weaknesses analysis covered three aspects: CSL strategy, CSL approaches, and relevant works. This study serves as a valuable resource for researchers seeking to explore the current state of research, identify strengths and gaps in the existing literature and advance CSL’s application for imbalanced medical data.
An evidential linguistic ELECTRE method for selection of emergency shelter sites
Authors: Fei Liguo , Liu Xiaoyu , Zhang Changping 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn many circumstances, decisions are based on subjective experience. However, some views can be vague, meaning that policymakers do not know exactly how they should express their opinions. Therefore, it is necessary for researchers to provide scientific decision frameworks, among which the multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) method in the linguistic environment is gradually favored by scholars. A large body of literature reports relevant approaches with regard to linguistic term sets, but existing approaches are insufficient to express the subjective thoughts of policymakers in a complex and uncertain environment. In this paper, we address this problem by introducing the concept of evidential linguistic term set (ELTS). ELTS generalizes many other uncertainty representations under linguistic context, such as fuzzy sets, probabilities, or possibility distributions. Measures on ELTS, such as uncertainty measure, dissimilarity measure and expectation function, provide general frameworks to handle uncertain information. Modeling and reasoning of information expressed by ELTSs are realized by the proposed aggregation operators. Subsequently, this paper presents a novel MCDM approach called evidential linguistic ELECTRE method, and applies it to the case of selection of emergency shelter sites. The findings demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method for MCDM problems under linguistic context and highlight the significance of the developed ELTS.
Lowland forest fragment characteristics and anthropogenic disturbances determine alien plant species richness and composition
Authors: Šipek Mirjana , Šajna Nina 
Published: March 2024

AbstractLoss of habitat and biological invasion are the main threats to biodiversity. In intensive agricultural or urban landscapes, forest fragments, even if they are small and isolated represent biodiversity refugia. Environmental variables such as landscape structure, abiotic conditions and anthropogenic disturbance affect the biodiversity of the fragments. In this study, we explored plant species richness in 48 forest fragments embedded in predominantly agricultural landscapes on the alluvial plains of the Mura and Drava rivers in NE Slovenia. We determined several forest fragment characteristics such as perimeter, area, shape complexity, length and proportion of edge shared with adjacent land-cover types and anthropogenic disturbance indicated by the presence of footpaths and waste disposed in fragments. The abiotic condition of these fragments was assessed by Ellenberg indicator values. We built generalized linear models and ordination analyses to assess the importance of environmental variables for the richness and composition of alien plant species and other ecologically meaningful plant groups. Shape complexity had a consistent positive effect on the richness of native and alien plants species. Major drivers of alien plant composition in forest fragments included adjacent land-cover and urbanization level. An increasing proportion of arable land along the forest fragment perimeter negatively affected the richness of alien plants, while the effect of urban areas was positive. Our results confirmed that forest fragments in the rural–urban matrix represent biodiversity refugia and support native plant species; however, they are not resistant to invasions; instead invasion depends on the land-cover type in the surroundings of a given forest fragment.
The variable two-step BDF method for parabolic equations
Authors: Akrivis Georgios , Chen Minghua , Han Jianxing , Yu Fan , Zhang Zhimin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe two-step backward difference formula (BDF) method on variable grids for parabolic equations with self-adjoint elliptic part is considered. Standard stability estimates for adjacent time-step ratios $$r_j:=k_j/k_{j-1}\leqslant 1.8685$$

r
j

:
=

k
j

/

k

j
-
1

⩽
1.8685

and 1.9104, respectively, have been proved by Becker (BIT 38:644–662, 1998) and Emmrich (J Appl Math Comput 19:33–55, 2005) by the energy technique with a single multiplier. Even slightly improving the ratio is cumbersome. In this paper, we present a novel technique to examine the positive definiteness of banded matrices that are neither Toeplitz nor weakly diagonally dominant; this result can be viewed as a variant of the Grenander–Szegő theorem. Then, utilizing the energy technique with two multipliers, we establish stability for adjacent time-step ratios up to 1.9398.
Associations of Mental Health Service Utilization and Mental Health Diagnosis with Placement Instability Among Foster Children in a Southeastern State
Authors: Soto-Ramírez Nelís , Xu Yanfeng , Martin Taylor , Babalola Oluranti , Weist Mark , Flynn Cynthia 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPlacement instability for children in foster care is high, with children experiencing nearly 4.5 placement moves per 1,000 days in care on average. While prior research has demonstrated a predictive relationship between mental health problems and placement instability, few studies have examined the associations of specific mental health diagnoses or utilization of mental health (MH) services. To this end, this study seeks to investigate associations between MH service utilization, mental health diagnosis, and placement instability (rate of placement moves) for foster children. We analyzed statewide integrated administrative data to examine MH service utilization and mental health diagnosis on placement instability among foster children. We used SAS 9.4 to conduct descriptive, bivariate, and multiple linear regression models to address the objectives of the study. The retrospective cohort was composed of 1,002 children in foster care. The multivariable linear regression reveals that receiving in-patient services, receiving out-patient services, being diagnosed with conduct disorder, being Black children, older children, and female children, being placed in intensive case management, being sexually abused, having a single household family structure at time of removal, and having a high number of intakes significantly increased the rate of placement moves. The findings of this study have significant implications for the provision of mental health services to foster children and the promotion of placement stability, highlighting the role of child welfare professionals in fostering protective factors and mitigating risk factors to promote placement stability. Implications for practice and policy improvement are discussed.
Tracing human settlements: analyzing the spatio-temporal distribution of Buddhist temples in Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
Authors: Patnukao Areerut , Cheewinsiriwat Pannee , Bamrungkhul Settawut , Vannametee Ekkamol 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBuddhist temples offer invaluable historical insights into the movement of people across different historical periods and their interactions with the environment. This study focuses on the examination of temple locations in Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, with two primary objectives: analyzing the spatial distribution characteristics of temples across periods to trace the development of temples and settlements, and exploring the relationships between temple locations in each period and physical environmental factors/landforms. To achieve these objectives, GIS tools, including average nearest neighbor (ANN) analysis, kernel density estimation (KDE), and standard deviational ellipse (SDE) analysis, are employed. The study reveals significant patterns. Temples exhibit varying concentrations and shifts over periods, primarily along the ancient trans-peninsular route, with the area around Wat Phra Mahathat Woramahawihan emerging as a prominent center. Over time, temples were built at higher elevations and moving away from waterways. The preference for constructing temples on flat terrains is predominant. In the Sukhothai period (prior to 1349 CE), temples were often situated on flood-resistant sandbars. In the Ayutthaya period (1350 CE – 1767 CE), temples were strategically positioned on plains near waterways and trade routes. During the Thonburi period (1768 CE – 1781 CE), temples were primarily located at higher elevations. From Rattanakosin to present (1782 CE – present), temples expanded to higher elevations due to economic crop cultivation, population growth, and road network development. This study sheds light on the dynamic development of temples and their relationship with environmental factors, contributing to our understanding of historical human settlements and interactions with the landscape.
Design of a microwave spectrometer for high-precision Lamb shift spectroscopy of antihydrogen atoms
Authors: Tanaka T. A. , Blumer P. , Janka G. , Ohayon B. , Regenfus C. , Asari M. , Tsukida R. , Higuchi T. , Tanaka K. S. , Crivelli P. , Kuroda N. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe have developed a microwave spectrometer for a measurement of the $$\varvec{2S_{1/2}-2P_{1/2}}$$

2

S

1
/
2

-
2

P

1
/
2

Lamb shift of antihydrogen atoms towards the determination of the antiproton charge radius. The spectrometer consists of two consecutive apparatuses, of which the first apparatus, Hyperfine Selector (HFS), filters out $$\varvec{2S_{1/2}(F=1)}$$

2

S

1
/
2

(
F
=
1
)

hyperfine states and pre-selects the $$\varvec{2S_{1/2}(F=0)}$$

2

S

1
/
2

(
F
=
0
)

state, and the second apparatus, MicroWave Scanner (MWS), sweeps the frequency around the target transition to obtain the spectrum. We optimized the geometry of the apparatuses by evaluating the S-parameter that represents the ratio of the reflected microwave signal over the input, utilizing microwave simulations based on the finite element method. The HFS was designed to obtain a resonant property at 1.1 GHz for an efficient removal of the $$\varvec{2S_{1/2}(F=1)}$$

2

S

1
/
2

(
F
=
1
)

hyperfine states, and the MWS was designed to realize weak frequency-dependency in the signal reflection. Also, the spatial distributions of microwave electric field were simulated. We report the design of the spectrometer and discuss an expected precision of the first measurement.
Novel Presentation of Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II Deficiency with Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis
Authors: Alroqi Fayhan J. , Alhezam Musaab A. , Almojali Abdullah I. , Barhoumi Tlili , Althubaiti Nouf , Alharbi Yousef , Al Balwi Mohammed A. , Alrasheed Abdulrahman 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II deficiency is one of the combined immune deficiency disorders caused by defects in the MHC class II regulatory genes leading to abnormal T cells development and function. Therefore, patients mainly present with increased susceptibility to infections, diarrhea, and failure to thrive. In this report, we present one MHC class II deficient patient with a novel presentation with Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH).

Methods
Immunophenotyping of lymphocyte subpopulations and HLA-DR expression was assess by flow cytometry. Gene mutational analysis was performed by whole exome and Sanger sequencing.

Results
We reported a 7-year-old girl, who was diagnosed at age of 2 years with MHC class II deficiency by genetic testing and flow cytometry. Two years later, she developed disseminated BCGitis which was treated with proper antimicrobial agents. At the age of 7 years, she presented with clinical features fulfilling 6 diagnostic criteria of HLH including evidence of hemophagocytic activity in bone marrow aspiration. Accordingly, the diagnosis of HLH was established and the patient was started on IV Dexamethasone, Anakinra and IVIG. Eventually, patient started to improve and was discharged in good condition. Few months later, the patient was readmitted with severe pneumonia and sepsis leading to death.

Conclusion
Patients with MHC class II deficiency might present with disseminated BCGitis especially if the patient has severe T cell lymphopenia. Additionally, this immune defect might be added to the list of inborn errors of immunity that can be complicated with HLH.
Computing the recession cone of a convex upper image via convex projection
Authors: Kováčová Gabriela , Ulus Firdevs 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIt is possible to solve unbounded convex vector optimization problems (CVOPs) in two phases: (1) computing or approximating the recession cone of the upper image and (2) solving the equivalent bounded CVOP where the ordering cone is extended based on the first phase. In this paper, we consider unbounded CVOPs and propose an alternative solution methodology to compute or approximate the recession cone of the upper image. In particular, we relate the dual of the recession cone with the Lagrange dual of weighted sum scalarization problems whenever the dual problem can be written explicitly. Computing this set requires solving a convex (or polyhedral) projection problem. We show that this methodology can be applied to semidefinite, quadratic, and linear vector optimization problems and provide some numerical examples.
Naïve Truth and the Evidential Conditional
Authors: Iacona Andrea , Rossi Lorenzo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis paper develops the idea that valid arguments are equivalent to true conditionals by combining Kripke’s theory of truth with the evidential account of conditionals offered by Crupi and Iacona. As will be shown, in a first-order language that contains a naïve truth predicate and a suitable conditional, one can define a validity predicate in accordance with the thesis that the inference from a conjunction of premises to a conclusion is valid when the corresponding conditional is true. The validity predicate so defined significantly increases our expressive resources and provides a coherent formal treatment of paradoxical arguments.
Associations between Shared Sanitation, Stunting and Diarrhoea in Low-Income, High Density Urban Neighbourhoods of Maputo, Mozambique - a Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Braun Laura , MacDougall Amy , Sumner Trent , Adriano Zaida , Viegas Edna , Nalá Rassul , Brown Joe , Knee Jackie , Cumming Oliver 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Shared sanitation facilities are used by over 500 million people around the world. Most research evidence indicates that shared sanitation conveys higher risk than household sanitation for many adverse health outcomes. However, studies often fail to account for variation between different types of shared facilities. As informal housing development outpaces sanitation infrastructure, it is imperative to understand which components of shared facilities may mitigate the health risks of shared sanitation use.

Methods
This cross-sectional study determines whether sanitation improvement or compound hygiene were associated with stunting or diarrhoeal prevalence in children under five living in Maputo, Mozambique who rely on shared sanitation facilities. The study uses logistic and linear multivariable regression analysis to search for associations and control for potential confounding factors.

Results
346 children (43.9%) in the study population were stunted. Each unit increase in sanitation score was associated with an approximate decrease of 22% in the odds of stunting (OR: 0.78, CI: 0.66, 0.92), and an increase in height of 0.23 height-for-age z-scores (CI: 0.10, 0.36). There was no evidence that the compound hygiene score was associated with height as measured by stunting (OR: 1.05, CI: 0.87, 1.26) or z-score (-0.06, CI: -0.21, 0.09). Neither sanitation nor compound hygiene score were associated with diarrhoea in the population.

Conclusions
Use of an improved shared latrine is associated with decreased odds of stunting. There is no evidence of an association between latrine improvement and diarrhoea. Further investigation is necessary to isolate attributes of shared sanitation facilities that may reduce health risks.