bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flavonoid intake and ovarian cancer risk in a population‐based case‐control study
Authors: Gates Margaret A. , Vitonis Allison F. , Tworoger Shelley S. , Rosner Bernard , Titus‐Ernstoff Linda , Hankinson Susan E. , Cramer Daniel W. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractSeveral recent studies have evaluated the association between dietary flavonoid intake and ovarian cancer risk, and all reported significant or suggestive inverse associations with certain flavonoids or flavonoid subclasses; however, most of these studies were small to moderate in size. We, therefore, examined this association in a large, population‐based case‐control study. We calculated intake of 5 common dietary flavonoids (myricetin, kaempferol, quercetin, luteolin, and apigenin), as well as total intake of these flavonoids, for 1,141 cases and 1,183 frequency‐matched controls. We used unconditional logistic regression to estimate the relative risk (RR) of ovarian cancer for each quintile of flavonoid intake when compared with the lowest quintile. We did not observe an association between total flavonoid intake and ovarian cancer risk. The multivariable‐adjusted RR for the highest versus lowest quintile of total flavonoid intake was 1.06 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.78–1.45). In analyses of each individual flavonoid, only intake of apigenin was associated with a borderline significant decrease in risk (RR, highest vs. lowest quintile = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.59–1.06; p‐trend = 0.26), and this association was significant after adjustment for intake of the other 4 individual flavonoids (comparable RR = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.53–0.98; p‐trend = 0.09). These results provide limited support for an association between flavonoid intake and ovarian cancer risk. However, given the findings of previous studies and the biologic plausibility of this association, additional studies are warranted. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Investigating the role of Aurora kinases in RAS signaling
Authors: Kosik Audrey , Bekier Michael E. , Katusin Jamie D. , Kaur Harpreet , Zhou Xiaofeng , Diakonova Maria , Chadee Deborah N. , Taylor William R. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractActivating ras mutations are frequently found in malignant tumors of the pancreas, colon, lung and other tissues. RAS activates a number of downstream pathways that ultimately cause cellular transformation. Several recent studies suggested that one of those pathways involves Aurora kinases. Overexpression of Aurora‐B kinase can augment transformation by oncogenic RAS, however the mechanism was not determined. The cooperative effect of high levels of Aurora kinase is important since this kinase is frequently overexpressed in human tumors. We have used two Aurora kinase inhibitors to test their effect on RAS signaling. We find that these inhibitors have no effect on the phosphorylation of MEK1/2 or MAPK in response to RAS. Furthermore, inhibiting Aurora kinases in human cancer cells with or without activated RAS did not change the length of the cell cycle nor induce apoptosis suggesting that these kinases do not play a direct role in these key cellular responses to activated RAS. Overexpression of Aurora B can cause cells to become polyploid. Also, inducing polyploidy with cytochalasin D was reported to induce neoplastic transformation, suggesting that Aurora overexpression may cooperate with RAS indirectly by inducing polyploidy. We find that inducing polyploidy with cytochalasin D or blebbistatin does not enhance transformation by oncogenic RAS. Our observations argue against a direct role for Aurora kinases in the RAS‐MAPK pathway, and suggest that the polyploid state does not enhance transformation by RAS. J. Cell. Biochem. 106: 33–41, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
In embryonic chicken erythrocytes actively transcribed alpha globin genes are not associated with the nuclear matrix
Authors: Iarovaia O.V. , Borounova V.V. , Philonenko E.S. , Kantidze O.L. , Vassetzky Y.S. , Razin S.V. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe spatial organization of a 250 Kb region of chicken chromosome 14, which includes the alpha globin gene cluster, was studied using in situ hybridization of a corresponding BAC probe with nuclear halos. It was found that in non‐erythroid cells (DT40) and cultured erythroid cells of definite lineage (HD3) the genomic region under study was partially (DT40 cells) or fully (HD3 cells) associated with the nuclear matrix. In contrast, in embryonic red blood cells (10‐day RBC) the same area was located in the crown of DNA loops surrounding the nuclear matrix, although both globin genes and surrounding house‐keeping genes were actively transcribed in these cells. This spatial organization was associated with the virtual absence of RNA polymerase II in nuclear matrices prepared from 10‐day RBC. In contrast, in HD3 cells a significant portion of RNA polymerase II was present in nuclear matrices. Taken together, these observations suggest that in embryonic erythroid cells transcription does not occur in association with the nuclear matrix. J. Cell. Biochem. 106: 170–178, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Using support vector machines for prediction of protein structural classes based on discrete wavelet transform
Authors: Qiu Jian‐Ding , Luo San‐Hua , Huang Jian‐Hua , Liang Ru‐Ping 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe prediction of secondary structure is a fundamental and important component in the analytical study of protein structure and functions. How to improve the predictive accuracy of protein structural classification by effectively incorporating the sequence‐order effects is an important and challenging problem. In this study, a new method, in which the support vector machine combines with discrete wavelet transform, is developed to predict the protein structural classes. Its performance is assessed by cross‐validation tests. The predicted results show that the proposed approach can remarkably improve the success rates, and might become a useful tool for predicting the other attributes of proteins as well. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 2009
Galanin inhibition of voltage‐dependent Ca2+influx in rat cultured myenteric neurons is mediated by galanin receptor 1
Authors: Anselmi Laura , Stella Salvatore L. , Brecha Nicholas C. , Sternini Catia 
Published: November 2008

AbstractGalanin activates three receptors, the galanin receptor 1 (GalR1), GalR2, and GalR3. In the gastrointestinal tract, GalR1 mediates the galanin inhibition of cholinergic transmission to the longitudinal muscle and reduction of peristalsis efficiency in the small intestine. Galanin has also been shown to inhibit depolarization‐evoked Ca2+increases in cultured myenteric neurons. Because GalR1 immunoreactivity is localized to cholinergic myenteric neurons, we hypothesized that this inhibitory action of galanin on myenteric neurons is mediated by GalR1. We investigated the effect of galanin 1‐16, which has high affinity for GalR1 and GalR2, in the presence or absence of the selective GalR1 antagonist, RWJ‐57408, and of galanin 2‐11, which has high affinity for GalR2 and GalR3, on Ca2+influx through voltage‐dependent Ca2+channels in cultured myenteric neurons. Myenteric neurons were loaded with fluo‐4 and depolarized by high K+concentration to activate voltage‐dependent Ca2+channels. Intracellular Ca2+levels were quantified with confocal microscopy. Galanin 1‐16 (0.01–1 μM) inhibited the depolarization‐evoked Ca2+increase in a dose‐dependent manner with an EC50of 0.172 μM. The selective GalR1 antagonist, RWJ‐57408 (10 μM), blocked the galanin 1‐16 (1 μM)‐mediated inhibition of voltage‐dependent Ca2+channel. By contrast, the GalR2/GalR3 agonist, galanin 2‐11 did not affect the K+‐evoked Ca2+influx in myenteric neurons. GalR1 immunoreactivity was localized solely to myenteric neurons in culture, as previously observed in intact tissue. These findings indicate that the inhibition of depolarization‐evoked Ca2+influx in myenteric neurons in culture is mediated by GalR1 and confirm the presence of functional GalR1 in the myenteric plexus. This is consonant with the hypothesis that GalR1 mediates galanin inhibition of transmitter release from myenteric neurons. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Nimodipine inhibits TMB‐8 potentiation of AMPA‐induced hippocampal neurodegeneration
Authors: Bernal Fabián , Petegnief Valerie , Rodríguez Manuel José , Ursu Gloria , Pugliese Marco , Mahy Nicole 
Published: November 2008

AbstractHuman cerebral calcification has been related to deregulation of intracellular calcium homeostasis. In rat basal ganglia, nimodipine and TMB‐8, two commonly used calcium antagonists, worsen the chronic AMPA‐induced lesion, whereas only nimodipine potentiates calcification. To investigate whether similar effects are present in the hippocampus, AMPA dose–response and calcium movement blockade were performed. A dose‐related increase of both hippocampal lesion and calcification was evident in a saturable mode, mostly different from the continuous globus pallidus response previously observed. The value of 2.7 nmol AMPA, selected as yielding 60% of maximum calcification, was coinjected with nimodipine or/and TMB‐8 to determine their influence on tissue damage. TMB‐8 increased the AMPA lesion in terms of calcified area, and nimodipine reversed this increase, with no effect alone. These results, divergent from those for the globus pallidus, reveal differences in extra‐ and intracellular calcium movement between the two neurodegenerative processes. Future work focused on other brain areas is required to understand how control of calcium stores may influence neurodegenerative disease evolution. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Multiclass discrimination of cervical precancers using Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Kanter Elizabeth M. , Majumder Shovan , Vargis Elizabeth , Robichaux‐Viehoever Amy , Kanter Gary J. , Shappell Heidi , Jones III Howard W. , Mahadevan‐Jansen Anita 
Published: November 2008

AbstractRaman spectroscopy has the potential to differentiate among the various stages leading to high‐grade cervical cancer such as normal, squamous metaplasia, and low‐grade cancer. For Raman spectroscopy to successfully differentiate among the stages, an applicable statistical method must be developed. Algorithms like linear discriminant analysis (LDA) are incapable of differentiating among three or more types of tissues. We developed a novel statistical method combining the method of maximum representation and discrimination feature (MRDF) to extract diagnostic information with sparse multinomial logistic regression (SMLR) to classify spectra based on nonlinear features for multiclass analysis of Raman spectra. We found that high‐grade spectra classified correctly 95% of the time; low‐grade data classified correctly 74% of the time, improving sensitivity from 92 to 98% and specificity from 81 to 96% suggesting that MRDF with SMLR is a more appropriate technique for categorizing Raman spectra. SMLR also outputs a posterior probability to evaluate the algorithm's accuracy. This combined method holds promise to diagnose subtle changes leading to cervical cancer. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Multiphysics Modeling of Electrochemomechanically Smart Microgels Responsive to Coupled pH/Electric Stimuli
Authors: Li Hua , Luo Rongmo , Lam Khin Yong 
Published: November 2008

AbstractA multiphysics model is developed to simulate the responsive behavior of smart pH‐/electric‐sensitive hydrogels when immersed into pH buffer solution and subjected to an externally applied electric field, which is termed the MECpHe model. Comparison with experimental data shows the MECpHe model to be accurate and stable. The influence of the externally applied electric voltage is discussed with respect to the distribution of diffusive ionic species and the displacement of the hydrogel strip. The influences of initial charge density and ionic strength on the swelling ratio and the bending deformation of the microgel strip are studied.magnified image
Successive Chain‐Growth Condensation Polymerization for the Synthesis of Well‐Defined Diblock Copolymers of Aromatic Polyamide and Aromatic Polyether
Authors: Yokoyama Akihiro , Masukawa Tomohiro , Yamazaki Yuka , Yokozawa Tsutomu 
Published: November 2008

AbstractWell‐defined diblock condensation copolymers composed of an aromatic polyamide and an aromatic polyether have been synthesized by means of successive chain‐growth condensation polymerizations. Polymerization of a polyamide monomer with an orthogonally difunctional initiator is accompanied with side reactions. On the other hand, polymerization with a monofunctional initiator afforded well‐defined polyamide, which has been converted into a macroinitiator by introduction of a terminal 4‐fluorobenzophenone unit. Well‐defined diblock copolymers are obtained by polymerization of a polyether monomer in the presence of this macroinitiator.magnified image
Bowel movement frequency in late‐life and substantia nigra neuron density at death
Authors: Petrovitch Helen , Abbott Robert D. , Ross G. Webster , Nelson James , Masaki Kamal H. , Tanner Caroline M. , Launer Lenore J. , White Lon R. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractConstipation is associated with future risk of Parkinson's disease (PD) and with incidental Lewy bodies (LB) in the locus ceruleus or substantia nigra (SN). Our purpose is to examine the independent association between bowel movement frequency in late‐life and postmortem SN neuron density. Bowel movement frequency was assessed in the Honolulu‐Asia Aging Study from 1991 to 1993 in 414 men aged 71 to 93 years with later postmortem evaluations. Brains were examined for LB in the SN and locus ceruleus and neurons were counted in four quadrants from a transverse section of SN. In nonsmokers, neuron densities (counts/mm2) for men with >1, 1, and <1 bowel movement daily were 18.5, 18.8, 10.1 (P < 0.001) for dorsomedial; 15.3, 16.4, 10.2 (P < 0.03) for ventromedial; and 18.6, 18.3, 10.9 (P = 0.011) for ventrolateral quadrants. Relationships were not significant in the dorsolateral quadrant or in any quadrant among smokers. After adjustment for age, time to death, coffee drinking, tricep skinfold thickness, excessive daytime sleepiness, cognitive function, PD, and incidental LB, density ratios in nonsmokers with 1 or more bowel movement(s) daily were significantly higher compared to those with <1 daily. Constipation is associated with low SN neuron density independent of the presence of LB. © 2008 Movement Disorder Society
A CPW‐fed two‐arm spiral slot antenna
Authors: Wang Chien‐Jen , Wu Jin‐Wei 
Published: November 2008

AbstractA wideband coplanar waveguide (CPW)‐fed two‐arm spiral slot antenna without a balun circuit is presented in this article. Phase progressions at arm ports are realized through the coplanar waveguide excitations. A detailed characterization of all antenna components and parameters is provided along with guidelines and recommendations for broad bandwidth and small reflection. Variations of the impedance matching due to the turn numbers, the ground width separated between two neighboring turns and the slot width are tested and studied. The measured impedance bandwidth of a S11 ≤ 10 dB ranges from 1.63 to 8 GHz and covers most of the commercial wireless communication systems, such as DCS, PCS, IMT‐2000, WLAN, Bluetooth, and HIPERLAN. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 222–225, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23947
Electromagnetic scattering from inhomogeneous impedance periodic rough surfaces by transform technique
Authors: Serkan Tezel Necmi 
Published: November 2008

AbstractIn this study, electromagnetic scattering from inhomogeneous impedance periodic surfaces have been solved by means of transformation of problem into equivalent problem, that is, scattering from plane represented by transformed boundary condition. Transformed boundary condition is determined by functions of the shape and impedance of the surface. Then, transformed equivalent problem is solved by means of series expansion method using Floquet modes. This transformation makes the problem simple formulation and computational effectively without involving calculation of slowly converging periodic Green's function. Results and computational times obtained by transform method and those obtained by Method of Moment (MoM) technique are compared. Good agreements are observed in results. It is also observed that transform method needs much less computational time than MoM method.© 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 116–119, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23954
Self‐heterodyne diode mixer with GCPW using thin film process at 60 GHz
Authors: Choi Seung‐Woon , Kim Yong‐Hoon 
Published: November 2008

AbstractA self‐heterodyne diode mixer is proposed using thin film process based on alumina substrate at 60 GHz in conjunction with grounded coplanar waveguide transition. To down‐convert both very low RF and LO signals received simultaneously from transmitter for self‐heterodyne communication scheme, the proposed mixer adapted with the knee voltage bias condition of 0.65 [V] improves its mixing efficiency significantly. The designed SHM shows the conversion loss of −15.13 dB at RF and LO frequencies of 60.565 and 59.01 GHz, respectively, with both input powers of −15 dBm and it also can defines IMD free input dynamic range as −30 dBm. The measured return losses satisfies with more than 20 dB and 9 dB for RF/LO input and IF output port, respectively. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 13–15, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23959
Numerical investigation on the performance of a septum polarizer by inserting additional stubs for its applications in the CP horn antennas
Authors: Chou Hsi‐Tseng , Lee Wen‐Wen 
Published: November 2008

AbstractA septum polarizer influenced by inserting short stubs inside the waveguide is studied. Several configurations of stub insertion are investigated to exhibit their physical behaviors. Numerical results show that proper stub insertions may provide additional freedoms to optimally design the polarizer with a better return loss and a flexible phase tuning, which is particularly useful to compensate the deficiency of an imperfect horn antenna to radiate good circularly polarized fields. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 269–273, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23982
Experimental investigation into femtosecond fiber ring laser with passive mode locking
Authors: Xie Xiaoping , Zhang Jian‐Guo , Wen Yu , Zhao Wei 
Published: November 2008

AbstractA passively mode‐locked Er3+‐doped fiber ring laser is experimentally investigated, with the emphasis on its practical design by considering the effects of ring cavity length, pumping light power, and optical amplification on the femtosecond optical pulses obtained. It is shown that the designed fiber ring laser can operate at the center wavelength of 1550 nm to produce a train of periodic optical pulses with full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 270 fs, repetition frequency of 20 MHz, and average output optical power of 146 μW. The resulting femtosecond optical pulses are then amplified by using three kinds of Er3+‐doped optical fibers with different lengths and Er3+‐doped concentrations, respectively, while employing the same pumping laser. In the experiments, both the FWHM of amplified optical pulses and the amplifier gain are measured under different conditions. The optimization of optical pulse width is also carried out in terms of pumping light power. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 63–67, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23985
A high‐performance log‐periodic dipole‐antenna for radio frequency interference monitoring system at the Sardinia Radio Telescope
Authors: Bolli Pietro , Messina Filippo , Pisanu Tonino , Riminesi Cristiano 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe Italian National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF) is currently involved in the construction of the Sardinia Radio Telescope (SRT). The radio observatory will be equipped with an accurate and sensitive Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) monitoring system, aimed to control if the radio bands allocated to the Radio Astronomy Service are actually free of interferences. This article describes a Log‐Periodic Dipole‐Antenna (LPDA) designed for such a system, operating with very high‐performance in L‐band and S‐band. The LPDA, consisting of 38‐elements, achieves a gain higher than 11 dBi with peaks up to 13 dBi and good impedance match in the whole band of interest: 1.2–2.5 GHz. The antenna was designed, manufactured, and finally tested in an anechoic chamber; the results for each step will be described in this article. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 132–136, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23997
A compact quasi‐elliptic bandpass filter using coupled dual quasi‐lumped LC resonators
Authors: Li Lin , Li Zheng‐Fan , Wei Qi‐fu 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThis letter proposes a compact microstrip bandpass filter using coupled dual quasi‐lumped LC resonators. With the proposed topology, two transmission zeros are generated at both low and high stopband near the passband to create quasi‐elliptic response. A filter sample is designed and fabricated to provide an experimental verification. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 158–160, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24009
Structure determination of salisomide and salisoflavan, two new secondary metabolites from Salsola imbricata, by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy
Authors: Saleem Muhammad , Akhter Naseem , Shaiq Ali Muhammad , Nazir Mamona , Riaz Naheed , Moazzam Muhammad , Arshad Muhammad , Jabbar Abdul 
Published: November 2008

AbstractChromatographic analysis of the alcoholic extract from Salsola imbricata yielded two new secondary metabolites, salisomide (1) and salisoflavan (2). Their structures were established with the help of spectroscopic techniques including COSY, HMQC and HMBC NMR experiments. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A uniform nodal strain tetrahedron with isochoric stabilization
Authors: Gee M. W. , Dohrmann C. R. , Key S. W. , Wall W. A. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractA stabilized node‐based uniform strain tetrahedral element is presented and analyzed for finite deformation elasticity. The element is based on linear interpolation of a classical displacement‐based tetrahedral element formulation but applies nodal averaging of the deformation gradient to improve mechanical behavior, especially in the regime of near‐incompressibility where classical linear tetrahedral elements perform very poorly. This uniform strain approach adopted here exhibits spurious modes as has been previously reported in the literature. We present a new type of stabilization exploiting the circumstance that the instability in the formulation is related to the isochoric strain energy contribution only and we therefore present a stabilization based on an isochoric–volumetric splitting of the stress tensor. We demonstrate that by stabilizing the isochoric energy contributions only, reintroduction of volumetric locking through the stabilization can be avoided. The isochoric–volumetric splitting can be applied for all types of materials with only minor restrictions and leads to a formulation that demonstrates impressive performance in examples provided. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.