bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ViaCogScreen: ein zeitökonomisches, valides und wiederholbares
Screeningverfahren zum Leistungsmonitoring älterer Menschen
Authors: Schneider Matthias , Potthoff Anna-Laura , Pannicke Lars , von Arnim Christine A. F. , Jessen Frank , Helmstaedter Christoph 
Published: March 2024

ZusammenfassungAngesichts des demografischen Wandels in Deutschland mit einer alternden
Gesellschaft ist eine kognitive Leistungsbewertung speziell des älteren Menschen
von großer Bedeutung. Der von uns entwickelte Viacogscreen ist ein
computergeführtes, webbasiertes Hirnleistungsscreening für das höhere
Erwachsenenalter, das nicht nur den Gütekriterien eines Messinstrumentes
entspricht, sondern zudem ökonomisch und wiederholbar ist. Der Test erfasst
ineinander verschachtelt Wortlistenlernen mit verzögertem freiem Abruf und
Rekognition, semantische Wortauswahl und Flüssigkeit, phonematische
Wortflüssigkeit und invertierte Zahlenspanne, sowie inzidentelles Gedächtnis,
woraus sich insgesamt 17 Leistungsparameter ergeben, die eine rasche
Orientierung (ungefähre Testdauer: 10-12 Minuten) hinsichtlich der kognitiven
Leistungsfähigkeit eines Probanden/einer Probandin geben. Abgebildet werden
dabei drei Leistungsbereiche: Exekutivfunktionen, episodisches und semantisches
Gedächtnis. Der Test wurde an 200 gesunden Proband*innen in 6 verschiedenen
Altersgruppen (Bereich: 50-85 Jahre) normiert. Für die erste klinische
Validierung des Tests waren in Bonn und Ulm gemeinsam im Kontext von
Gedächtnisambulanzen 33 Patienten mit MCI (engl. mild cognitive impairment) und
42 Patienten mit VAD (Verdacht auf Alzheimer) mit dem Test erfasst worden. Als
Kontrollgruppe dienten 42 Gesunde etwa gleichen Alters. Bezüglich des kognitiven
Testverfahrens zeigten alle drei Gruppen jeweils voneinander signifikant
abweichende Ergebnisse bezüglich des Gesamtscores (ANOVA F=73,9, p<0,001),
der Exekutivfunktionen (F=27,6 p<0,001) und des semantischen Gedächtnisses
(F=54,4 p<0,001). In Bezug auf das episodische Gedächtnis unterschieden sich
beide klinische Gruppen signifikant von der Kontrollgruppe, nicht aber
voneinander (F=48,7, p<0,001). Der Viacogscreen lieferte also bei seiner
ersten Validierung im Bereich zweier Gedächtnisambulanzen hinsichtlich der
Differenzierung VAD sehr gute und hinsichtlich MCI gute Ergebnisse. Neben dem
Einsatz in Bezug auf neurodegenerative Erkrankungen bietet sich der Viacogscreen
auch für andere neurologische Erkrankungen sowie neuroonkologische
Erkrankungsbilder an, sowie aufgrund der Möglichkeit der elektronischen
Datensammlung für den Einsatz im Rahmen von größeren Studien.
TfOH-Catalyzed Facile Access for One-Pot Synthesis of β-Acylamino Ketones by Avoiding the Usage of Acetyl Chloride
Authors: Kharat Sachin D. , Rupnavar Prasad B. , Rupanawar Bapurao D. , Shinde Mahadev P. , Pakhare Keshav S. , Khan Ayesha A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe have developed a TfOH-catalyzed, highly efficient protocol for the synthesis of biologically active β-acylamino ketones from aldehyde, ketone, and nitrile by avoiding the use of acetyl chloride. The reaction proceeds through a sequential aldol reaction followed by a nucleophilic attack of nitrile and hydrolysis of nitrile in one pot. The attractive features of this tandem process are mild reaction conditions, high atom economy, broad substrate scope with 51–87% yield, gram-scale reaction, and ease of operation.
Comparison of Preoperative and Postoperative Neutrophil/Lymphocyte Ratio in Predicting Mortality in Neonates with Intestinal Atresia
Authors: Öztaş Tülin , Dursun Ahmet 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Objective Congenital intestinal atresia is one of the most common surgical pathologies in the neonatal period. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of preoperative neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and postoperative NLR in predicting early mortality in neonates with intestinal atresia.
Methods The data of 38 newborns with intestinal atresia operated on in our hospital between January 2016 and March 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients' gestational age, gender, birth weight, other congenital anomalies, operative findings, length of hospital stay, sepsis, and mortality rates were recorded. NLR was calculated by analyzing preoperative and postoperative day 1 complete blood tests.
Results Of the patients included in the study, 60.5% were male and 39.5% were female. The median birth weight was 2,468 g (600–3,800 g), and the median gestational age was 36 weeks (28–40 weeks). Gender, number of areas of atresia in the gut, and development of sepsis were not associated with mortality. Mortality was observed at a lower rate in duodenal atresia when compared with the other types of atresia (p < 0.05). The mortality was higher in patients with prematurity, low birth weight, long duration of mechanical ventilation, and severe congenital anomalies (p < 0.05). Preoperative lymphocyte and neutrophil counts were not found to be predictive of mortality. The mortality rate increased as the postoperative lymphocyte count decreased and as the neutrophil count increased (p < 0.05). The preoperative and postoperative NLR was not useful in predicting mortality, the development of sepsis, or the need for reoperation.
Conclusion It is possible to predict early mortality in newborns with intestinal atresia who underwent surgery with neutrophil and lymphocyte counts on the first day after surgery. However, early NLR is not useful in predicting prognosis after surgery in newborns.
Natural History and Endoscopic Management of Pancreaticopleural Fistula: A Tertiary Care Center Experience
Authors: Das Pritam , Kumar Rakesh S. , Mujawdiya Swapnil , Thakur Dhruv , Wodeyar Nagnath , Balankhe Kartik , Saraswat Vivek Anand , Pande Gaurav , Mohindra Samir 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background Pancreaticopleural fistula (PPF) is a rare complication associated with pancreatitis, caused by disruption of the pancreatic duct, either directly or through rupture of a peripancreatic fluid collection, resulting in leakage of pancreatic juice into the pleural space. It commonly presents as massive, relapsing pleural effusions, often on the left side with high amylase content. Nonspecific chest symptoms often predominate, making it a diagnostic challenge. There is a lack of clarity regarding the management of this rare entity.
Objectives This study aimed to review the typical presentations, pathophysiology, and current role of endoscopic therapy in patients with PPF.
Materials and Methods A retrospective analysis of the results of endoscopic treatment of patients with symptomatic PPF due to pancreatitis was done.
Results Ten patients with pancreatitis (6 males; mean age 33.6 ± 15.4 years: 6 chronic, 4 acute) with symptomatic PPF were analyzed. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography was performed in all, with pancreatic sphincterotomy and stenting of the main pancreatic duct (passive transpapillary drainage). Technical and clinical success was achieved in 7/10(70%) and 10/10(100%) patients, respectively. Though the leak was bridged in three patients, pancreatic sphincterotomy and downstream stenting (when bridging was not possible) were successful in closing PPF. One (10%) patient needed surgery for gastric outlet obstruction. The mean duration of endotherapy was 12.1 ± 9.4 months and the time taken for leak closure was 15.3 ± 10.4 weeks. Long-term success of endoscopic treatment (median follow-up period of 48.9 ± 28.7 months) was achieved in all patients.
Conclusions Endoscopic treatment (passive trans-papillary drainage) is a safe and effective procedure for managing postinflammatory PPFs, and should be attempted in cases of failure of medical treatment.
Pleural Diseases in Connective Tissue Diseases
Authors: Guo Hui , Iqbal Beenish , Rahman Najib M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractConnective tissue diseases (CTD) are heterogeneous, immune-mediated inflammatory disorders often presenting with multiorgan involvement. With the advent of high-resolution computed tomography, CTD-related pleuritis—pleural thickening and effusion—is now increasingly recognized early in the disease trajectory. The natural history of CTD-related pleural effusions varies from spontaneous resolution to progressive fibrothorax with ventilatory impairment. Treatment of the underlying CTD is necessary to manage the pleural disease. Depending on the degree of symptom burden and physiological insult, specific treatment of pleural disease can include monitoring, repeated aspirations, systemic anti-inflammatory medication, and surgical decortication.
Epilepsy Care in Latin America and the Caribbean: Overcoming Challenges and Embracing Opportunities
Authors: Rubinos Clio , San-Juan Daniel , Alva-Diaz Carlos , Burneo Jorge , Fernandez Andres , Mayor-Romero Luis Carlos , Vidaurre Jorge , Rios-Pohl Loreto , Bruzzone Maria Jose 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe burden of epilepsy in the Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) region causes a profound regional impact on the health care system and significantly contributes to the global epilepsy burden. As in many other resource-limited settings worldwide, health care professionals and patients with epilepsy in LAC countries face profound challenges due to a combination of factors, including high disease prevalence, stigmatization of epilepsy, disparities in access to care, limited resources, substantial treatment gaps, insufficient training opportunities for health care providers, and a diverse patient population with varying needs. This article presents an overview of the epidemiology of epilepsy and discusses the principal obstacles to epilepsy care and key contributors to the epilepsy diagnosis and treatment gap in the LAC region. We conclude by highlighting various initiatives across different LAC countries to improve epilepsy care in marginalized communities, listing strategies to mitigate treatment gaps and facilitate better health care access for patients with epilepsy by enhancing the epilepsy workforce.
The Role of Myeloid Cells in Thromboinflammatory Disease
Authors: Noone David , Preston Roger J.S. , Rehill Aisling M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractInflammation contributes to the development of thrombosis, but the mechanistic basis for this association remains poorly understood. Innate immune responses and coagulation pathways are activated in parallel following infection or injury, and represent an important host defense mechanism to limit pathogen spread in the bloodstream. However, dysregulated proinflammatory activity is implicated in the progression of venous thromboembolism and arterial thrombosis. In this review, we focus on the role of myeloid cells in propagating thromboinflammation in acute inflammatory conditions, such as sepsis and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and chronic inflammatory conditions, such as obesity, atherosclerosis, and inflammatory bowel disease. Myeloid cells are considered key drivers of thromboinflammation via upregulated tissue factor activity, formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), contact pathway activation, and aberrant coagulation factor–mediated protease-activated receptor (PAR) signaling. We discuss how strategies to target the intersection between myeloid cell–mediated inflammation and activation of blood coagulation represent an exciting new approach to combat immunothrombosis. Specifically, repurposed anti-inflammatory drugs, immunometabolic regulators, and NETosis inhibitors present opportunities that have the potential to dampen immunothrombotic activity without interfering with hemostasis. Such therapies could have far-reaching benefits for patient care across many thromboinflammatory conditions.
The Use of Rhinomanometry in Mouth Breathing: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Castellanos Merly Fernanda Illera , Silva Hilton Justino da , Moura Silvio Ricardo Couto de , Fontes Luciana de Barros Correia , Lima Niedje Siqueira de , Bezerra Thiago Freire Pinto , Cunha Daniele Andrade da 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Introduction Mouth breathing generates imbalances in the musculature, in craniofacial morphofunctionality, and in the stomatognathic system. Therefore, it is essential to make a diagnosis of mouth breathing through the quantitative assessment of nasal permeability, which can be performed through rhinomanometry.
Objective To investigate the effectiveness of rhinomanometry in the diagnosis of mouth breathing in pediatric patients through a systematic review of the literature.
Data synthesis The guiding question was: “Is the use of rhinomanometry as an assessment tool effective in the diagnosis of mouth breathing in pediatric patients?”. We conducted a search on the following databases: Latin American and Caribbean Center on Health Sciences Information (BIREME), Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS), PubMed/Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Web of Science, and Science Direct. The Health Sciences Descriptors (Descritores em Ciências da Saúde, DECS, in Portuguese) and Medical Subjects Headings (MESH) were combined with the Boolean operator AND in the search strategy: rhinomanometry AND mouth breathing AND diagnosis AND nasal pressure AND nasal airflow AND nasal resistance. Observational cohort and cross-sectional studies that addressed the effectiveness of rhinomanometry in the diagnosis of mouth breathing were included. The reviewers independently extracted the information and scored the review quality based on the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale and the grading of evidence levels according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system. Of the 1,536 articles identified, only 3 were selected for the present review after the application of the eligibility criteria.
Conclusion There is great concern regarding the assessment of nasal function. There was a lack of standardization of rhinomanometry to test the effectiveness of nasal resistance as an aid in the diagnosis of breathing mode.
A Forgotten Cause of Dyspepsia
Authors: Sharma Brij , Bodh Vishal , Bhateja Anshul 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA 63-year-old female patient presented with complaints of epigastric pain for 2 months associated with postprandial fullness and early satiety. She gave history of open cholecystectomy 2 years back at a peripheral hospital. Her general physical and systemic examinations were within normal limits. Her routine investigations including hemogram, liver and renal biochemistries, and ultrasound abdomen were normal. She had received multiple courses of oral proton pump inhibitors, prokinetics, antacids, and antispasmodics but had no relief. In view of her persistent complaint and age more than 60 years, her esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) was planned. Her EGD revealed deeply embedded large gauze piece in the posterior wall of the first part of duodenum. Her contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed mottled appearance in first part of duodenum, which is nonmobile in subsequent images suggestive of gossypiboma. A final diagnosis of gossypiboma with partial migration of gauge into duodenal lumen was made. Endoscopic removal was not attempted in view of possible risk of perforation and patient shifted to the department of surgery for further management.
Can we project well-being? Towards integral well-being projections in climate models and beyond
Authors: Liu Kedi , Wang Ranran , Schrijver Inge , Hoekstra Rutger 
Published: March 2024

AbstractScientists have proposed many “Beyond-GDP” indicators to replace the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in order to quantify genuine societal development. While GDP is regularly projected, research on future trajectories of Beyond-GDP indicators is lacking, failing to meet policymakers’ needs. Focusing on the Human Development Index (HDI), this paper attempts to calculate one of the first global well-being projections for 161 countries by 2100 using the shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs), the socioeconomic inputs underlying global climate change scenarios. The results indicate a potential global well-being improvement from medium to very high level, depending on the SSPs, with most countries reaching high human development under SSPs 1&5. While serving as an initial step in well-being projection, the results highlight a crucial gap in existing climate change models which are used by the IPCC—they inadequately account for the feedback effects of climate change on well-being. This oversight results in counterintuitive or potentially misleading well-being projections. Therefore, we propose steps to improve this situation. By synthesizing climate change feedback effects on HDI determinants, this assessment delves into their implications for well-being and further underscores the necessity for interdisciplinary collaborations among well-being researchers, climate scientists and policy modelers to achieve sound integral well-being projections.
Searching for the Highest Energy of Pulsation and Critical Luminosity of Swift J0243.6+6124 Observed by Insight-HXMT
Authors: Zhao Qing-Xia , Hou Xian , Ge Ming-Yu , Zhang Shuang-Nan , Xiao Yun-Xiang , Tuo You-Li , Yang Zi-Xu , Kong Ling-Da , Qu Jin-Lu , Zhang Shu , Wang Jian-Cheng 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Owing to the broad energy coverage of Insight-HXMT in the hard X-ray band, we detected the highest energy of pulsation exceeding 200 keV around the 2017–2018 outburst peak of the first Galactic pulsating ultraluminous X-ray source (PULX) Swift J0243.6+6124, which is the highest energy detected from PULXs to date. We also obtained the highest energy of pulsation of every exposure during the outburst in 2017–2018, and found the highest energy is roughly positively correlated with luminosity. Using our newly developed method, we identified the critical luminosity being 4 × 1038 erg s−1 when the main peaks of the low and high energy pulse profiles became aligned, which separates the fan-beam dominated and pencil-beam dominated accretion regimes. Above the critical luminosity, the phase of the main peak shifted gradually from 0.5 to 0.8 until the outburst peak in all energy bands is reached, which is in agreement with the phase shift found previously at low energies. Our result is consistent with what is derived from spectral analysis.
Advancing preclinical drug evaluation through automated 3D imaging for high-throughput screening with kidney organoids
Authors: Oishi Haruka , Tabibzadeh Nahid , Morizane Ryuji 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
High-throughput drug screening is crucial for advancing healthcare through drug discovery. However, a significant limitation arises from available in vitro models using conventional 2D cell culture, which lack the proper phenotypes and architectures observed in three-dimensional (3D) tissues. Recent advancements in stem cell biology have facilitated the generation of organoids—3D tissue constructs that mimic human organs in vitro. Kidney organoids, derived from human pluripotent stem cells, represent a significant breakthrough in disease representation. They encompass major kidney cell types organized within distinct nephron segments, surrounded by stroma and endothelial cells. This tissue allows for the assessment of structural alterations such as nephron loss, a characteristic of chronic kidney disease. Despite these advantages, the complexity of 3D structures has hindered the use of organoids for large-scale drug screening, and the drug screening pipelines utilizing these complex in vitro models remain to be established for high-throughput screening. In this study, we address the technical limitations of kidney organoids through fully automated 3D imaging, aided by a machine-learning approach for automatic profiling of nephron segment-specific epithelial morphometry. Kidney organoids were exposed to the nephrotoxic agent cisplatin to model severe acute kidney injury. An U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drug library was tested for therapeutic and nephrotoxicity screening. The fully automated pipeline of 3D image acquisition and analysis identified nephrotoxic or therapeutic drugs during cisplatin chemotherapy. The nephrotoxic potential of these drugs aligned with previous in vivo and human reports. Additionally, Imatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor used in hematological malignancies, was identified as a potential preventive therapy for cisplatin-induced kidney injury. Our proof-of-concept report demonstrates that the automated screening process, using 3D morphometric assays with kidney organoids, enables high-throughput screening for nephrotoxicity and therapeutic assessment in 3D tissue constructs.
Effect of matrix material property on the composite tibia fracture plate: a biomechanical study
Authors: Roy Drupad , Das Manik Chandra , Dhason Raja , Roy Sandipan , Datta Shubhabrata 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
For the purpose of fixing tibia fractures, composite bone plates are suggested. Metal plates cause stress shielding, lessen the compression force at the fracture site, and have an impact on the healing process because they are significantly more rigid than bone. To prevent excessive shear strain and consequent instability at the fracture site, it is imperative to reduce stiffness in the axial direction without lowering stiffness in the transverse direction. Only a carefully crafted fiber reinforced composite with anisotropic properties will suffice to accomplish this. The purpose of the current study is to examine the impact of axial and shear movements at the fracture site on the fixing of metal and composite bone plates. After modeling the tibia with a 1 mm fracture gap, titanium plates, carbon/epoxy, carbon/PEEK, and carbon/UHMWPE composite bone plates were used to fix it. There are 6 holes on each of the 103 mm long plates. To determine the stresses and axial movement in the fracture site, anatomical 3D Finite Element (FE) models of the tibia with composite bone plates are built. The simulations that were run for various composite plate layouts and types give suggestions for selecting the best composite bone plate. Although the matrix material causes some variations in behaviors, most of the plates perform as well as or even better than metal plates. Thus, the appropriate composite combinations are recommended for a given fracture structure.