bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proteasome inhibitors: Poisons and remedies
Authors: Meiners Silke , Ludwig Antje , Stangl Verena , Stangl Karl 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThe proteasome inhibitor bortezomib has been approved as a cytostatic drug for the therapy of multiple myeloma, and is currently being tested in clinical trials for a variety of other malignancies. At the same time, a growing number of animal studies suggest that proteasome inhibitors may also prove to be valuable remedies for the treatment of non‐tumorous diseases. In this review, we will revisit the current applications of proteasome inhibitors in clinical research according to the cellular effects of proteasome inhibitors as poisons, which induce apoptosis, or as remedies, which modulate cellular function and protect from cell death. We postulate that the correct distinction of a poison from a remedy depends on cell type and on the degree of proteasome inhibition. Dose‐dependent and differential inhibition of the proteasome may affect specific sets of substrates, thereby conferring substrate specificity. According to this idea, we suggest that inhibition of the proteasome to a defined degree may offer a promising tool in achieving desired therapeutic effects in various diseases. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Med Res Rev, 28, No. 2, 309–327, 2008
Molecular network of cartilage homeostasis and osteoarthritis
Authors: Hashimoto Megumi , Nakasa Tomoyuki , Hikata Tomohiro , Asahara Hiroshi 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThis review article presents the current understanding of the molecular basis of articular cartilaginous homeostasis, and outlines potential areas to focus on within the developing field of therapeutics for cartilage disorders. Articular cartilage, an integral component of joints in extremities and the vertebral column, is essential for locomotion. Disturbance of joint development or cartilage homeostasis causes congenital osteocartilaginous dysplasia or osteoarthritic diseases, respectively. Symptomatic treatments and surgical replacement of joints are effective but can also be problematic in terms of quality of life over time. Recently, new insights into the molecular biological basis of chondrocyte differentiation and cartilage homeostasis have been reported. While joint formation is regulated by several growth factors such as Wnts (wingless‐related MMTV integration site) and Gdfs (growth and differentiation factors), the pathology of osteoarthritis is now interpreted as the disruption of balance between anabolic and catabolic signals. Current findings in molecular biology on joint development are reviewed concisely to aid in the understanding of the molecular network that governs articular cartilage development and homeostasis. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Med Res Rev, 28, No. 3, 464–481, 2008
Olive oil and oxidative stress
Authors: Fitó Montserrat , de la Torre Rafael , Covas María‐Isabel 
Published: September 2007

AbstractOxidative stress is defined as an imbalance between the oxidant and antioxidant systems of the body, in favor of the oxidants. Oxidative stress produced by free radicals has been linked to the development of several diseases such as cardiovascular, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases Olive oil is the main source of fat of the Mediterranean diet which has been shown to be effective against oxidative stress associated diseases and also with ageing. Besides its richness in monounsaturated fatty acids, the oleic acid, olive oil contains minor components with antioxidant properties. In this review, we summarize the state of the art, and degree of evidence, of the body of knowledge concerning the protective role of the major and minor components of olive oil on oxidative stress.
Nutrition in the genomics era: Cardiovascular disease risk and the Mediterranean diet
Authors: Ordovas Jose M. , Kaput Jim , Corella Dolores 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThe effect of dietary changes on phenotypes (i.e., plasma lipid measures, body weight and blood pressure) differs significantly between individuals. This phenomenon has been more extensively researched in relation to changes in dietary fat and plasma lipid concentrations for the prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared to other pathological conditions. Although common knowledge associates low fat diets with reductions in total and plasma LDL cholesterol, the clinical evidence shows dramatic inter‐individual differences in response that are partially due to genetic factors. The discovery of the cardioprotective and other healthy properties of the Mediterranean diet has popularized the consumption of Mediterranean products such as olive oil. Molecular, clinical, and epidemiological studies have begun to shed some light about how various components of this diet may protect the cardiovascular system and to decrease the risk of other diseases such as cancer. However, it is also possible that the right combination of genetic, cultural, socioeconomic factors is needed to achieve full benefit. It has been proposed that the Mediterranean diet may be closer to the ancestral foods that were part of human development and our metabolism may have evolved to work optimally on such a diet rather than with the current diets richer in saturated fat and highly refined and processed foods. Therefore, it is possible that alleles that are associated with increase disease risk may be silenced in the presence of that more ancestral and traditional diet and lifestyle. This knowledge may provide the basis for successful public health as well individual approaches for disease prevention.
Time‐dependent characterization of an optically modulated CPW line characterized with a large signal network analyzer
Authors: Poesen G. , Stiens J. , Vounckx R. , Poesen G. , Vanden Bossche M. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractTime‐dependent behavior of a CPW line under optical modulation is characterized using a large‐signal vector network analyzer. The influence of the optical modulation frequency on the propagation of high carrier frequencies along a CPW is discussed in this article. Different operation conditions in time are defined for a CPW line under illumination. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 3124–3128, 2007; Published online in Wiley Inter‐Science (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22888
Wideband circularly‐polarized serial rotated 2 × 2 circular patch antenna array
Authors: Bian Lei , Shi X. Q. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractIn this article, a novel wideband cularly‐polarized serial rotated 2 × 2 circular patch antenna array is presented. The patches are excited sequentially by a broadband feed network. It is found that the antenna array can deliver a measured impedance bandwidth of 46.6% for SWR < 2, 3‐dB axial‐ratio measured bandwidths of 40%, and the measured bandwidth of 70.1% for the gain > 3 dBi. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 3122–3124, 2007; Published online in Wiley Inter‐Science (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22889
Electromagnetic scattering from cylinder with generalized impedance boundary condition
Authors: Serkan Tezel Necmi 
Published: September 2007

AbstractIn this study, the electromagnetic scattering from cylinder whose surface satisfies most general impedance boundary is presented. The proposed method is based on the series representation of incident and scattering fields. Surface impedance is assumed to be both inhomogeneous and anisotropic. The anisotropic surface impedances are expressed by terms of Fourier series. By applying the boundary condition on the surface of the cylinder, series equation is obtained. This equation is reduced the matrix equation by using the orthogonal properties of the Fourier expansion functions, and unknown cylindrical mode coefficients are calculated. Obtained results are compared with those obtained by numerically Nyström method for inhomogeneous isotropic impedance cylinder and good agreements are observed. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 3090–3093, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22890
Optimization of integrated circuits placement for electric field reduction inside telecommunications equipment using Monte Carlo simulation and parallel recombinative simulated annealing
Authors: Goudos Sotirios K. , Zaharis Zaharias D. , Lazaridis Pavlos I. , Gallion Philippe B. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThis article presents a novel approach to the modeling and reduction of electromagnetic interference (EMI) caused by radiated emissions of integrated circuits (ICs) inside rectangular metallic enclosures of telecommunications devices. This type of analysis applies for several types of modern telecommunications equipment found in high‐speed networks as well as in mobile communications. A generic model of such a device is created. The ICs are modeled as small electric dipoles and their interaction with the enclosure walls is studied by using the dyadic Green's functions. The electric field on the enclosure walls is computed and its reduction is studied as optimization problem using evolutionary algorithms. Two algorithms are employed: Genetic algorithms (GAs) and parallel recombinative simulated annealing (PRSA). PRSA is a hybrid evolutionary strategy that inherits properties from both GAs and simulated annealing. Monte Carlo simulation is subsequently applied to the optimization results to derive the electric field on the metallic walls and also to perform a worst‐case analysis. The applications of the above approach in early PCB design process are discussed. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 3049–3055, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22893
Slot‐loaded gap‐coupled microstrip array antenna for wide impedance bandwidth
Authors: Konda R. B. , Mulgi S. N. , Satnoor S. K. , Hunagund P. V. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractA novel design of four‐element gap‐coupled slot rectangular microstrip array antenna fed by aperture coupling is presented for wideband operation. From the experimental results it is seen that a −10 dB return loss impedance bandwidth of 34.17% is achieved at X‐band frequencies. This impedance bandwidth is 2.43 times more than that of conventional corporate fed four‐element gap‐coupled rectangular microstrip array antenna, which operates at triple band of frequencies. The effect of slot in the radiating and parasitic elements and use of aperture coupling is studied for converting its triple bands into a single band. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 3014–3017, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22894
A novel compact CPW bandpass filter with spurious response suppression
Authors: Weng Min‐Hang , Huang Chun‐Yueh , Ye Chang‐Sin , Hung Cheng‐Yuan 
Published: September 2007

AbstractIt is an important issue to suppress the spurious response of the coplanar‐waveguide (CPW) bandpass filter (BPF). In this letter, a novel CPW BPF at 1.57 GHz with spurious responses suppression for application in Global Positioning System is presented. By adjusting the filter structure, the wide stopband rejection greater than 20 dB from 1.8 to 4.5 GHz could be obtained away from the designed central frequency without increasing the circuit dimension. The designed CPW‐BPF is investigated numerically and experimentally. Measured results show a good agreement with the simulated analysis. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 2941–2944, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22898
Compact wideband inverted planar monopole antenna
Authors: Baik J. W. , Sung Y. J. , Kim Y.‐S. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractIn this article, an inverted planar monopole antenna with two shorting plates is proposed. This inverted planar monopole antenna provides a 3.55:1 impedance bandwidth (for VSWR < 2). Owing to its compact size and wide impedance bandwidth, this antenna is suitable for CDMA, GSM, DCS, PCS, and wireless LAN (IEEE 802.11b) applications. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 2913–2914, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22900
Metamaterial filters with attenuation poles in the pass band for ultra wide band applications
Authors: Gil Marta , Bonache Jordi , Martín Ferran 
Published: September 2007

AbstractIn this work, a composite right/left handed (CRLH) transmission line implemented by means of complementary split rings resonators (CSRRS) and interdigital capacitors is designed to provide a transmission band useful for ultra wide band (UWB) applications, i.e., in the interval 3.1–10.6 GHz. This huge bandwidth is obtained by balancing the line, namely by merging the left handed (LH) and right handed (RH) bands typical of these structures. The result is a single and broad transmission band, which exhibits a sharp cut‐off at the lower edge due to the presence of a transmission zero. In these UWB band pass filters, an attenuation pole within the band may be of interest for the elimination of possible interfering signals. It is demonstrated that such attenuation poles can be introduced by adding properly designed spiral resonators (SRs) at both sides of the host line on the top layer of the design. The fabricated device is small (area A = 0.66 cm2) and exhibits reasonable performance. This work contributes to demonstrate the potentiality of transmission line metamaterials for the design of microwave components in planar technology. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 2909–2913, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22901
Modeling of dielectric charging in RF MEMS capacitive switches
Authors: Sumant Prasad S. , Cangellaris Andreas C. , Aluru Narayana R. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractA unified, macroscopic, one‐dimensional model is presented for the quantitative description of the process of dielectric charging in RF MEMS capacitive switches. The model provides for the direct incorporation of various physical factors known to impact dielectric charging, such as surface roughness, material inhomogeneity, and electric field‐dependent conduction in the dielectric. The values of the various parameters used in the model are extracted from experimental data. The proposed model serves as a generalization of various earlier models reported in the literature for the quantitative description of dielectric charging. Its formulation is such that it can be incorporated in a straightforward manner in coupled electro‐mechanical modeling schemes for the computer‐aided analysis of RF MEMS capacitive switches. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 3188–3192, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com).DOI 10.1002/mop.22903
Diversity gain measurements of a reconfigurable antenna with switchable polarization
Authors: Poussot B. , Laheurte J. M. , Cirio L. , Picon O. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThis article presents an experimental investigation on the diversity performance of a reconfigurable antenna integrating a SPDT for polarization switching. The antenna is characterized in terms of its envelope correlation factor, mean effective gain, and diversity gain (DG) in a multipath indoor environment. The influence of the antenna placement and orientation is emphasized. Low correlation factors and large DGs are observed making this device highly performing for indoor wireless communication systems. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 3154–3158, 2007; Published online in Wiley Inter‐Science (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22904
A steerable array antenna using controllable 4‐bit dielectric slab phase shifters on a coplanar waveguide at 24 GHz
Authors: Cha Junho , Kuga Yasuo 
Published: September 2007

AbstractA steerable antenna using a movable dielectric phase shifter is designed and developed. The change of the effective dielectric constant at different dielectric slab positions on a CPW is used as the phase shifter. The impedance matching and desired phase shift conditions are satisfied at two slab heights. Additionally, the reflection is designed to be minimized at these slab positions and at the designed frequency. A low‐loss dielectric material is used as the dielectric slab and is placed close to a coplanar transmission line with an airgap. A tapered 8 × 7 steerable array antenna with phase shifters is designed and fabricated at 24 GHz. The E‐ and H‐plane radiation patterns are measured at different phase shift positions and compared with the expected results. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 3118–3122, 2007; Published online in Wiley Inter‐Science (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22906
Balanced BPSK modulator for Ka‐band communication systems
Authors: Mittal Ashok , De Asok 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThis article details the design of balanced PSK modulator using integrated finline coplanar line hybrid junction. The PSK signal output is in suspended stripline with incident wave carrier in unilateral symmetric finline. Schottky barrier diodes MA4E2037 from M/ACom has been used for modulation. The balanced configuration offers high isolation between the carrier input port and the modulated carrier output port and thus the pulse width variations and amplitude deviations are suppressed. An insertion loss imbalance of ±1.5 dB with an average loss of 2.5 dB in the two switching states has been achieved over 37.0 to 38.0 GHz against the estimated loss of 2.0 dB. The phase imbalance is ±10° with phase switching from 165° to 185°. As the PSK output signal is in suspended stripline, two BPSK Modulators can easily be combined together to work as QPSK modulator for point to point millimeter wave radio links. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 3046–3049, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22910
Suppression of higher order modes in vertically coupled micro‐ring resonators
Authors: Alexandropoulos Dimitris , Kapsalis Alexandros , Syvridis Dimitris 
Published: September 2007

Abstractwe propose a new scheme for monomode operation of micro‐ring resonators utilizing vertical coupling. The scheme succeeds in suppressing higher order spatial modes by selectively exciting the fundamental mode of the ring. This is achieved by properly varying the material and waveguide properties facilitated by the vertical geometry of the structure. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 2963–2968, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22915
The design of broadband circularly polarized planar microstrip antenna array
Authors: Jjian‐Gang Liang , Xiang‐Jun Gao , Hai‐Zhou Zhao 
Published: September 2007

AbstractBased on the conventional microstrip antenna, a broadband circularly polarized microstrip antenna fed by electromagnetism coupling is designed, which is composed of three substrates. The frequency band is broadened not only, but also the circular polarization axial ratio is effectively improved. Then four such cells are constructed to a circularly polarized array. Through calculating and testing, the 14.4% and 39.65% (VSWR < 2) bandwidth and 8.34% and 21.4% 3‐dB axial ratio bandwidth are achieved, respectively. Such circularly polarized array can be used extensively in communications field. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 2936–2939, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22916
Characterization of on‐chip miniature multi‐layer spiral inductors for RFICs
Authors: Xie Jian‐Yong , Yin Wen‐Yan , Shi Jinglin , Kang Kai , Chen Zhizhang (David) 
Published: September 2007

AbstractSeveral existing closed‐form equations for calculating DC inductance and resistance of single‐spiral inductors are examined at first, and the most accurate formula is chosen for characterizing the DC inductance of multi‐layer spiral inductors. The partial element equivalent circuit (PEEC) method is implemented for computing their frequency‐dependent (AC) resistance and inductance. To validate our calculated results, we designed and fabricated some multi‐layer spiral inductors using standard 0.18 μmCMOS technology. The on‐chip measurements are carried out so as to obtain two‐portS‐parameters of these inductors. Excellent agreements are obtained between the calculated and experimental results, which include DC and low‐frequency inductances of three‐, four‐, and fiver‐layer spiral inductors, respectively. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 2932–2936, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22917
Design of frequency selective surface superstrates for scanning microstrip patch array antenna
Authors: Hyun Lee Dong , Mittra Raj , Sang Park Wee 
Published: September 2007

AbstractWe investigate the directivity, sidelobe level (SLL) and maximum radiation angle characteristics of a frequency selective surface (FSS) superstrate placed above a 5 × 1 patch array antenna for different scan angles. We find that the frequency at which a high directivity is achieved moves higher as the scan angle of the array is increased, and that the size of the original FSS superstrate needs to be increased along the direction of the scan angle, in comparison to that of the broadside case (0°), to effectively enhance the directivity and suppress the SLL. A rectangular FSS superstrate with enlarged dimension in the scan direction is proposed, and the radiation patterns of the original and elongated FSS composites are compared. For a 20° scan angle of the array antenna, the directivity and the SLL of the changed FSS composite are enhanced by 1.3 and 3.9 dB, respectively, relative to those of the original FSS composite. We compare and summarize the results for the directivity and SLL characteristics of four different antenna prototypes, namely a single antenna; a conventional 5 × 1 array antenna; the FSS antenna composite with a single patch antenna; and an FSS array composite comprising of a 5 × 1 array antenna designed for a scan angle of 0°. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 3184–3187, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com).DOI 10.1002/mop.22919
Fully embedded LC diplexer passive circuit into an organic package substrate
Authors: Lee Hwan Hee , Park Jae Yeong 
Published: September 2007

AbstractIn this article, fully embedded and miniaturized diplexer passive circuit device has been developed and characterized for dual‐band/mode CDMA handset applications. The size of the embedded diplexer is significantly reduced by embedding high Q circular spiral inductors and high DK MIM capacitors into a low cost organic package substrate. The embedded inductor and capacitor have quality factors of 61 and 32 at 1 GHz. The fabricated diplexer has insertion losses and isolations of −0.5 and −23 dB at 824–894 MHz and −0.7 and −22 dB at 1850–1990 MHz, respectively. Its size is 3.9 mm × 3.9 mm × 0.77 mm (height). The fabricated diplexer is the smallest one which is fully embedded into a low cost organic package substrate. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 2960–2963, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22921