bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stem anatomy is congruent with molecular phylogenies placing Hypericopsis persica in Frankenia (Frankeniaceae): comments on vasicentric tracheids
Authors: Olson Mark E. , Gaskin John F. , Ghahremani-Nejad Farrokh 
Published: February 2007

AbstractStem and root anatomy of Hypericopsis persica is evaluated in light of molecular data reconstructing Hypericopsis within a clade of Asian Frankenia. No anatomical information contradicts the idea that Hypericopsis should be subsumed within Frankenia. Anatomy in the two genera is comparable, taking into account the unusual habit of Hypericopsis, which consists of slender, short‐lived shoots from a long‐lived caudex, whereas most species of Frankenia are small shrubs with long‐lived shoots. Wood of the slender stems of Hypericopsis is similar to twig wood of the related Frankenia hirsuta in qualitative and quantitative features but differs from mature wood of other species of Frankenia described in previous studies in having smaller cells and little storying. Wood of Hypericopsis is rayless and is made up mostly of libriform fibers and vessel elements associated with vasicentric tracheids. Axial parenchyma is occasional at the margins of growth rings. We briefly evaluate wood characters in the context of Caryophyllales s.l. and suggest characters that may be synapomorphies of clades within this group, e.g., minute lateral wall pits apparently characterize the clade comprising Plumbaginaceae, Polygonaceae, Frankeniaceae, and Tamaricaceae. That vasicentric tracheids elongate considerably beyond the lengths of the vessel elements with which they are associated is cited as a distinct ontogenetic difference between these cell types. Likewise, numerous vessel elements comparable in diameter to vasicentric tracheids were observed. These observations are offered as reasons to reject the concept of vasicentric tracheids as simply vessel elements that are too narrow for the formation of perforation plates.
The correct author citation and date of publication of the name Agave wercklei (Agavaceae)
Authors: Smith Gideon F. , Steyn Elsie M. A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe author of the species name Agave wercklei is Carlos Wercklé who validly published this name in 1907, not Frédéric Albert Constantin Weber as has been indicated in various botanical works. As Wercklé attributed the name to Weber, the full citation, retaining historical information linked to this name, is A. wercklei F. A. C. Weber ex Wercklé.
Color Tuning and Highly Efficient Blue Emitters of Finite Diphenylamino‐Containing Oligo(arylenevinylene) Derivatives Using Fluoro Substituents
Authors: Li H.‐C. , Lin Y.‐P. , Chou P.‐T. , Cheng Y.‐M. , Liu R.‐S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNew fluoro derivatives of Ph2N‐containing (Ph: phenyl) oligo(arylenevinylene) derivatives are prepared by using double Heck‐coupling reactions or Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons reactions. These oligomers are highly fluorescent (fluorescence quantum yields Φ = 0.93–0.68) with emissions in a broad wavelength region (448–579 nm), depending on the position of the fluoro substituents. The highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (HOMO–LUMO) energy levels of these oligomers are characterized by electrochemistry and UV spectroscopy. The effects of the fluoro substituents on the energy levels are rationalized with HOMO–LUMO simulations. In a classical organic light emitting diode (OLED), one representative (5a) shows a remarkable external quantum efficiency value (ηext = 4.87 %) at J = 20 mA cm–2; the maximum brightness at 10.2 V is 22 506 cd m–2 (λ = 458 nm; Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) coordinates x = 0.14, y = 0.14) with a full width at half‐maximum of 54 nm, demonstrating the superiority of these fluoro‐containing oligomers in OLED devices.
Preparation, characterization and catalytic oxidation properties of bis‐quaternary ammonium peroxotungstates and peroxomolybdates complexes
Authors: Shi Xianying , Wei Junfa 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSeveral novel kinds of bis‐quaternary ammonium peroxotungstates and peroxomolybdates, such as PhCH2N(CH2CH2)3NCH2Ph[W2O3(O2)4], PhCH2N(CH2CH2)3NCH2Ph [Mo2O3(O2)4], [PhCH2(CH3)2NCH2]2[W2O3(O2)4] and [PhCH2(CH3)2NCH2]2[Mo2O3(O2)4], have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR and Raman spectroscopy. Their catalytic properties in mild oxidation of benzyl alcohol and ring‐substituted benzyl alcohols were investigated with aqueous 30% H2O2 under halide‐ and organic solvent‐free conditions. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Tumor necrosis factor α acceleration of inflammatory responses by down‐regulating heme oxygenase 1 in human peripheral monocytes
Authors: Kirino Yohei , Takeno Mitsuhiro , Murakami Shuji , Kobayashi Masayoshi , Kobayashi Hideo , Miura Kenji , Ideguchi Haruko , Ohno Shigeru , Ueda Atsuhisa , Ishigatsubo Yoshiaki 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the interaction between heme oxygenase 1 (HO‐1), a stress‐induced antiinflammatory protein, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) in human peripheral blood monocytes.MethodsPeripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were obtained from healthy donors or from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) receiving the anti–tumor necrosis factor α (anti‐TNFα) monoclonal antibody infliximab. CD14+ cells were isolated by magnetic cell sorting, cultured with TNFα or auranofin, and transfected with a plasmid encoding HO‐1 or an HO‐1–specific small interfering RNA vector. Protein and messenger RNA (mRNA) levels were examined by immunoblotting and real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Cytokine levels in culture supernatants were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. HO‐1 gene transcription was evaluated using a luciferase reporter gene assay. Actinomycin D and cycloheximide were used to monitor the stability of mRNA and protein.ResultsHO‐1 is constitutively expressed by CD14+ PBMCs from healthy donors. TNFα suppressed HO‐1 expression by accelerating the decay of mRNA without affecting gene transcription or protein stability. Forced expression or selective knock‐down of the HO‐1 gene expression resulted in down‐regulation or up‐regulation, respectively, of proinflammatory cytokine synthesis by monocytes. Treatment with infliximab significantly increased HO‐1 mRNA levels and reduced TNFα synthesis by PBMCs from RA patients.ConclusionTNFα accelerated inflammatory responses by down‐regulating HO‐1 expression in human monocytes. TNF antagonists may block this TNF‐dependent suppression of HO‐1 expression, resulting in an amelioration of inflammation.
Metabolic fluxes in the liver of rats bearing the Walker‐256 tumour: influence of the circulating levels of substrates and fatty acids
Authors: da Veiga Renata P. , da Silva Mário H. R. Alves , Teodoro Graziele R. , Yamamoto Nair Seiko , Constantin Jorgete , Bracht Adelar 
Published: February 2007

AbstractStudies on fatty acid and amino acid metabolism in the liver of Walker‐256 tumour‐bearing rats have revealed several changes. Comparisons, however, have been based on experiments performed with non‐physiological, frequently unrealistic, substrate concentrations. The aim of the present work was to examine the influence of physiological substrate concentrations on gluconeogenesis, ketogenesis and related parameters. Isolated livers were perfused and substrates were infused at concentrations that were reported to occur in healthy and tumour‐bearing rats. Ketogenesis and the mitochondrial NADH/NAD+ ratio were smaller in the tumour‐bearing condition at low (0.2 mM) and high (0.8 mM) oleate concentrations. In the absence of oleate, gluconeogenesis from alanine (0.7 mM) and gluconeogenesis plus the associated changes in oxygen uptake due to lactate/pyruvate (2/0.2 and 6/0.3 mM) were smaller in livers of tumour‐bearing rats. However, the response of gluconeogenesis from lactate/pyruvate in livers of tumour‐bearing rats to 0.8 mM oleate was more pronounced so that a trend towards normalization was apparent at high substrate and oleate concentrations. Gluconeogenesis from 0.7 mM alanine was not significantly changed by oleate in the tumour‐bearing state; in the control condition, stimulation occurred at 0.2 mM oleate and inhibition at 0.8 mM oleate. This diminution almost equalized the hepatic alanine‐dependent gluconeogenesis of both control and tumour‐bearing rats. Ureogenesis was smaller in the tumour‐bearing state and was not affected by oleate. It was concluded that the high concentrations of fatty acids and lactate/pyruvate, which predominate in rats bearing the Walker‐256 tumour, could be effective in normalizing the gluconeogenic response of livers from tumour‐bearing rats. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Recanalization of chronic total peripheral arterial occlusions using optical coherent reflectometry with guided radiofrequency energy: A single center experience
Authors: Kirvaitis Romas J. , Parr Luke , Kelly Lisa M. , Reese Amber , Kamineni Raghunandan , Heuser Richard R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBackground: A forward‐looking, fiberoptic guided device (Safe‐Cross™ System, Intraluminal Therapeutics, Carlsbad, CA) has been used with guided radiofrequency energy to open chronic total occlusions (CTOs). This report describes the use of optical coherent reflectometry (OCR) system to assess safety and efficacy of opening CTOs in native peripheral arteries in the lower extremities: iliac, femoral, and popliteal. Methods: 18 CTOs in native peripheral arteries in 17 patients were treated with OCR after failed attempts with conventional wires (minimum 10 min of fluoroscopic time). When the CTO was crossed, routine angioplasty with or without stent was performed. Efficacy was defined as achievement of distal lumen position. Safety was defined as device success without perforation, dissection (≥Grade C), or distal embolization. The mean patient age was 72 years with 8 females and 10 males. Lesion characteristics included a mean vessel diameter of 5.8 mm and a mean lesion length of 22.4 cm. Ankle‐brachial indices was ≤0.8 in all patients. Results: The OCR system was successful in crossing 100% of the CTOs in patients that failed conventional wire crossing, whereas clinical success occurred in 94% of these patients. Complications consisted of a single dissection ≥Grade C. No perforations or distal embolization occurred. Conclusions: The Safe‐Cross OCR System is both efficacious and safe in the treatment of CTOs that failed crossing with conventional wires and indirect visualization of the intraluminal position by using OCR technology appears to minimize vessel trauma, dissection, perforation, and distal embolization. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Irradiation‐induced telomerase activity and the risk of lung cancer
Authors: Chen Meng , Gu Jian , Xing Jinliang , Spitz Margaret R. , Wu Xifeng 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND.Telomerase activity is undetectable in most normal somatic cells, but is up‐regulated by various mechanisms during tumorigenesis. Telomerase activation enables cells to overcome replicative senescence and maintain telomere stability during cell proliferation. The aim of the study was to evaluate the association between irradiation‐induced telomerase activity and the risk of lung cancer.METHODS.A case‐control design was used that measured the baseline and γ‐radiation‐induced telomerase activity in cultured peripheral blood lymphocytes from 44 lung cancer patients and 44 healthy controls. The associations between γ‐radiation‐inducible telomerase activity and the risk of lung cancer were then analyzed.RESULTS.The baseline telomerase activity was lower in cases than in controls (0.956 vs 1.222, P = .126). After γ‐radiation the telomerase activity in cases experienced a significant increase over baseline (1.480 vs 0.956, P < .001); the telomerase activity in controls also increased, but on a smaller scale (1.485 vs 1.222, P = .0025). The relative γ‐radiation‐induced telomerase activity, defined as the ratio of the net increase of telomerase activity (γ‐radiation induced minus baseline) to the baseline telomerase activity, was significantly higher in cases than in controls (0.730 vs 0.224, P = .0003). When dichotomized, the subjects at the 75th percentile of the relative γ‐radiation‐induced telomerase activity in controls, a higher ratio was associated with a significantly increased lung cancer risk (odds ratio [OR], 4.71, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.37, 16.21). Moreover, a dose response was observed between the relative γ‐radiation‐induced telomerase activity and lung cancer risk. Compared with individuals with the lowest tertile of the relative γ‐radiation‐induced telomerase activity, individuals with the second and the highest tertiles of the relative telomerase activity exhibited significantly elevated risks of lung cancer, with adjusted ORs of 12.58 (95% CI: 1.08, 146.86) and 31.08 (95% CI: 2.71, 356.81), respectively (P for trend <.001).CONCLUSIONS.The pilot‐case control study suggested that the γ‐radiation‐induced telomerase activation is associated with a significantly increased risk of developing lung cancer. Larger case‐control studies and prospective studies are needed to confirm the findings. Cancer 2007 © 2007 American Cancer Society.
The self‐care agency in dialyzed patients
Authors: Unsar Serap , Erol Ozgul , Mollaoglu Mukadder 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBackground.The number of patients with end‐stage renal disease is increasing steadily. The aim of the present study was to evaluate self‐care agency and to determine the factors affecting patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD).Methods and Materials.This cross‐sectional study was based in the Turkish city of Edirne. The sample comprised 77 patients on maintenance HD and 15 patients on maintenance CAPD. Data were collected through a self‐report questionnaire and the Exercise of Self‐Care Agency Scale, which was developed by Kearney and Fleischer.Results.The maximum score in the Kearney and Fleischer scale is 140, which indicates the highest degree of self care. The overall self‐care agency mean score of the participants in this study was 113±18.33 (range, 48–137). No significant difference was found between the HD and CAPD groups. Variables such as sex, health perception, no complications during dialysis therapy, and maintaining a suitable diet were significantly related to self‐care agency. Male patients had a higher overall self‐care agency mean score than did women. Patients who maintained a suitable diet, who did not have complications during dialysis therapy, who perceived their health as “good,”; and whose families were not affected negatively by dialysis therapy had higher overall self‐care agency mean scores than the others.Conclusions.The overall self‐care agency mean score of the dialyzed patients was found to be moderate in level. Compliance programs may help patients and families cope with dialysis‐related problems. Patients should be given support in handling self‐care capabilities.
A Square‐Planar Nickel(II) Monoradical Complex with a Bis(salicylidene) diamine Ligand (Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 5/2007)
Authors: Benisvy Laurent , Kannappan Ramu , Song Yu‐Fei , Milikisyants Sergey , Huber Martina , Mutikainen Ilpo , Turpeinen Urho , Gamez Patrick , Bernasconi Leonardo , Baerends Event Jan , Hartl František , Reedijk Jan 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe cover picture shows the result of the electrochemical oxidation of a square‐planar nickel(II) complex. The oxidation state of the metal remains largely unchanged, and the phenoxy ligand is oxidized to the depicted radical cation. Details are discussed in the Short Communication by J. Reedijk et al. on p. 637 ff.
Development and assessment of scoring functions for protein identification using PMF data
Authors: Song Zhao , Chen Luonan , Ganapathy Ashwin , Wan Xiu‐Feng , Brechenmacher Laurent , Tao Nengbing , Emerich David , Stacey Gary , Xu Dong 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPMF is one of the major methods for protein identification using the MS technology. It is faster and cheaper than MS/MS. Although PMF does not differentiate trypsin‐digested peptides of identical mass, which makes it less informative than MS/MS, current computational methods for PMF have the potential to improve its detection accuracy by better use of the information content in PMF spectra. We developed a number of new probability‐based scoring functions for PMF protein identification based on the MOWSE algorithm. We considered a detailed distribution of matching masses in a protein database and peak intensity, as well as the likelihood of peptide matches to be close to each other in a protein sequence. Our computational methods are assessed and compared with other methods using PMF data of 52 gel spots of known protein standards. The comparison shows that our new scoring schemes have higher or comparable accuracies for protein identification in comparison to the existing methods. Our software is freely available upon request. The scoring functions can be easily incorporated into other proteomics software packages.
A simple system for staining protein and nucleic acid electrophoresis gels
Authors: Raymer Dorian M. , Smith Douglas E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractResearchers in molecular biology spend a significant amount of time tending to the staining and destaining of electrophoresis gels. Here we describe a simple system, costing ∼$100 and taking ∼1 h to assemble, that automates standard nucleic acid and protein gel staining protocols. Staining is done in a tray or, with DNA gels, in the electrophoresis chamber itself following automatic detection of the voltage drop. Miniature pumps controlled by a microcontroller chip exchange the necessary solutions at programmed time intervals. We demonstrate efficient and highly reproducible ethidium bromide and methylene blue staining of DNA in agarose gels and Coomassie blue and silver staining of proteins in polyacrylamide gels.
Motivation to change in eating disorders: clinical and therapeutic implications
Authors: Casasnovas C. , Fernández‐Aranda F. , Granero R. , Krug I. , Jiménez‐Murcia S. , Bulik C. M. , Vallejo‐Ruiloba J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to understand the clinical impact of the motivational stage of change on the psychopathology and symptomatology of anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN) and eating disorders not otherwise specified (EDNOS).MethodThe participants were 218 eating disorder (ED) patients (58 AN, 95 BN and 65 EDNOS), consecutively admitted to our hospital. All patients fulfilled DSM‐IV criteria for these disorders.AssessmentAssessment measures included the Eating Disorders Inventory (EDI), Bulimic Investigation Test Edinburgh (BITE), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), four analogue scales of motivational stage, as well as a number of other clinical and psychopathological indices.ResultsOur results indicated higher motivation for change in BN than in AN and EDNOS patients (p < 0.05). For all groups, motivation to change was predicted by chronological age (p < 0.05). However, a longer duration of illness was only predictive of the motivational levels in EDNOS (p < 0.05) patients.ConclusionsCompared to BN, AN and EDNOS patients are most resistant to change and the younger these patients are, the less likely they are to be motivated to change their disturbed eating behaviour. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Enhancement of water storage capacity in wetland rice fields through deepwater management practice
Authors: Chang Yu‐Chuan , Kan Chun‐E. , Chen Ching‐Tien , Kuo Sheng‐Feng 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPaddy field storage of rainfall by bunds is like a rainwater cistern system during the rainy season. Deepwater management practice in paddy fields might be good for rice production and water storage capacity at the same time. The study was conducted in an experiment testing two water management treatments with six rice variety treatments using two lysimeter experiments.The results revealed that deepwater management significantly affected rice production. On the other hand, deepwater management increased the effective rainfall (70 mm) and percolation (225 mm). The runoff coefficient under deepwater management decreased from 0.67 to 0.53. It was reasonable to conclude that the deepwater management provided more water storage capacity during the growing season. Finally, water productivity results point out that even though the volume of input water under deepwater management had increased, deepwater management still can generate higher water productivity.It looks as if it is pointless to save water during the rainy season. On the contrary, if excess water is available in rivers, it should be delivered in timely fashion to the wetland rice fields to increase effective rainfall and the excess saved by maintaining adequate percolation to replenish groundwater, without having to follow strict water conservation measures. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
QT prolongation in guinea pigs for preliminary screening of torsadogenicity of drugs and drug‐candidates. II
Authors: Testai L. , Breschi M. C. , Martinotti E. , Calderone V. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractExperimental approaches on anaesthetised guinea pigs have been shown recently to be satisfactorily predictive of the torsadogenic risk of drugs. This work aimed at obtaining additional data, for a further understanding of the reliability and/or the limits of this model. Clonidine (non‐torsadogenic in humans) induced a lengthening of the ECG parameter of RR in anaesthetised guinea pigs, without any corresponding increase of QT (corrected by the algorithms of Bazett and Fridericia). Thus, ‘QT correct’ prolonging effects produced by drugs torsadogenic in humans, on the guinea pig model are primarily due to inhibition of cardiac repolarisation. The corresponding RR prolongation is a consequence (not the cause) of this primary effect. Astemizole, haloperidol and terfenadine, torsadogenic in humans, produced in Langendorff perfused guinea pig hearts a prolongation of the QT interval. Chlorprotixene (non‐torsadogenic) did not produce any significant effect on QT. These results are fully consistent with previous observations in anaesthetised guinea pigs. In Langendorff perfused hearts, pentobarbital does not affect cardiac repolarisation and does not potentiate the QT‐prolonging effect of astemizole. Together with the findings reported by many authors, these data suggest that ECG recording in anaesthetised guinea pigs is a reliable model for cardiac safety studies evaluating the influence of drugs on the repolarisation process. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.