bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative analysis of pharmacotherapy for patients with coronary artery disease and type 2 diabetes at various healthcare stages
Authors: Kokozheva M. A. , Mardanov B. U. , Mamedov M. N. 
Published: April 2024

Aim. To study the features of treatment of patients with various types of coronary artery disease (CAD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) at various healthcare stages.Material and methods. The comparative clinical study included 412 patients of both sexes with acute and chronic coronary artery disease. Depending on the glycemic status and CAD type, patients were divided into four subgroups: subgroup 1a (n=100, 56,6±0,96 years, male/female 67/33) — with acute CAD and T2D; subgroup 1b (n=106, 58,7±1,01 years, male/female 75/31) — with acute CAD without T2D; subgroup 2a (n=102, 57,9±1,04 years, male/female 72/30) — with chronic CAD and T2D; subgroup 2b (n=104, 60,2±0,9 years, 69/35) — with chronic CAD without T2D. The selection and mean doses of standard and hypoglycemic therapy were analyzed.Results. Initially, 86% and 81% of patients with diabetes in subgroups 1a and 2a adhered to glucose-lowering therapy. Among patients with chronic CAD, more than 1/4 (26,4%) received insulin therapy versus 2% in the group of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and diabetes. After discharge from hospital, oral hypoglycemic therapy was prescribed to 74% of patients with ACS and 48% of patients with chronic CAD. The prescription of insulin therapy for people with ACS increased 5 times (up to 10% of the total number of patients with ACS and T2D). By the time of hospital admission, 70% and 71,5% of patients with ACS and chronic CAD with diabetes received acetylsalicylic acid as an antiplatelet agent, respectively. During hospitalization, all patients with acute CAD were prescribed dual antiplatelet therapy, as well as triple antiplatelet therapy in the case of atrial fibrillation/flutter. It is noteworthy that in the group of patients with chronic CAD, less than 70% received statins. In patients with chronic CAD and diabetes, this parameter was even lower, amounting to 59,8%. At the outpatient stage, all patients, with the exception of the group with chronic CAD without diabetes, took beta-blockers (up to 65%). In the hospital, the use of beta blockers increased to 95%. During inpatient treatment, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and sartans were prescribed 1,5-2 times more often than in the prehospital stage.Conclusion. The study indicates insufficient prescription of standard CAD and glucose-lowering therapy. Careful inpatient selection of therapy requires continuity at the outpatient stage.
Phenotyping of outpatients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and poor prognosis
Authors: Larina V. N. , Lunev V. I. 
Published: April 2024

The applicability of the left ventricular global function index (LVGFI) and its deriva­tive, determined by echocardiography, to distinguish clinical phenotypes in a cohort of patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is unknown.Aim. To evaluate the differential diagnostic potential of LVGFI and its derivative when phenotyping outpatients aged ≥60 years with HFpEF.Material and methods. A total of 140 outpatients (men, 43%) aged 73 (67-78) years with functional class II-IV HFpEF were included in the study. The follow-up period was 34 (22-36) months.Results. LVGFI was 22,4 (19,4-24,6)%, while derivative index of LVGFI — 283,9 (248,9-332,2) ml. There were 18 (12,9%) deaths. The threshold value for predicting death for LVGFI was ≤21,4%, for derivative index of LVGFI — ≥303,6 ml. Based on cluster membership and mortality analysis, two following risk groups for death of patients with HFpEF were identified: a relatively low-risk (group 1) and moderate (group 2) risk group (mortality within 34 months ~25%). Group 1 was represented by patients, predominantly male, with class II HFpEF, coronary artery disease (CAD) and prior myocardial infarction (MI), concentric hypertrophy, a significant LV mass increase, a high frequency of bendopnea, lower LVGFI and higher derivative index of LVGFI. Group 2 was represented by patients, predominantly female, with class II HF, a history of CAD and myocardial infarction, concentric hypertrophy and concentric remodeling, a moderate LV mass increase, a relatively low frequency of bendopnea, higher LVGFI and lower derivative index of LVGFI. Based on the data obtained, an algorithm was developed to determine the risk of death in patients with HFpEF.Conclusion. LVGFI and its derivative index can be used in phenotyping patients with HFpEF. The developed algorithm for determining the death risk makes it possible to identify outpatients with HFpEF who need intensified therapy and observation by a general practitioner and cardiologist in order to reduce the risk of an unfavorable prognosis.
Cobertura forestal y belleza escénica: un análisis de los arboles notables de Cali (Colombia)
Authors: Solano López Derlyn Johana , Mora Delgado Jairo , Duque Guillermo 
Published: April 2024

La cobertura forestal es un elemento de belleza escénica, concepto constitutivo de los servicios del ecosistema cultural (SEC). Su valor estético se aprecia a escala de paisaje, donde la holísticidad cobra importancia en la percepción de los ciudadanos. En esa línea, los árboles y su preservación adquieren una impronta medular para el mejoramiento del hábitat y la producción de SEC, con base a la conservación de los espacios verdes en las ciudades, como un elemento constitutivo de la calidad de vida urbana, y el mejoramiento de la cohesión comunitaria; esto contribuye al bienestar y la salud humana, como aporte al desarrollo sustentable. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo la caracterización dasométrica de árboles notables, pertenecientes a las especies Albizia saman y Ceiba pentandra en dos espacios: los emplazamientos de la ciudad de Cali y el Campus Meléndez de la Universidad del Valle. Así, se realizaron evaluaciones dasometricas en los dos espacios citados. Para el análisis cuantitativo de variables dasométricas, una estadística descriptiva fue desarrollada con el software Infostat. Los resultados sugieren que los individuos forestales declarados como árboles notables en el municipio de Santiago de Cali, representan el 35,47% y 32,09%, respectivamente para A, saman y C, petandra, presentándose diferencias para cada una de las especies (p<0,05), en función de los espacios establecidos. Sin embargo, sus dimensiones fueron las esperadas para las especies y el estado de desarrollo de los individuos, criterio usado para su clasificación como árboles notables. Esta caracterización dasométrica representa una base para emprender proyectos de planificación y manejo de la cobertura forestal en Santiago de Cali, que apunten a la gestión integral de sus espacios verdes, base de su belleza escénica y constituyente de los SAE.
Prison Library Services in Croatia Need Improvement to Meet International Standards of Universal Rights to Access
Authors: Perryman Carol L. 
Published: April 2024

A Review of:
Šimunić, Z., Tanacković, S.F., & Badurina, B. (2016). Library services for incarcerated persons: A survey of recent trends and challenges in prison libraries in Croatia. Journal of Librarianship and Information Science, 48(1), 72-89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0961000614538481

Objective – To compare the status of prison libraries in Croatia to prior studies and ultimately, to guidelines for prison library services (Lehmann & Locke, 2005). Two research questions were asked: 1) How are Croatian prison libraries organized and managed? and 2) What kind of library collections and services are offered to incarcerated persons in Croatia?

Design – Quantitative survey.

Setting – 23 Croatian prison libraries.

Subjects – Persons in charge of prison libraries.

Methods – A paper survey was mailed to all 23 Croatian prisons in 2013. The survey consisted of 31 questions grouped into 3 categories: general library information, management of the library, and use. Analysis provided descriptive statistics.

Main Results – Twenty-one responses (91%) were received. For the 10 institutions providing data on library holdings size, the numbers ranged from 450 to 6122, but per capita figures were not possible to calculate as no responses provided prison population size. Most (65%) maintained an entry book for new acquisitions, while one library kept a card catalogue. Half performed collection assessment on an annual basis.

While all but 1 of the prisons had libraries, most (16 of 20) reported that funding was not provided on a regular basis; 13 had space allocated specifically for library purposes, but none were staffed by trained librarians, instead using prison staff or prisoners. Only two libraries practised regularly-scheduled collection development, with half acquiring materials solely through donations resulting in limited topical coverage. All collections included monographs, but only around 25% carried newspapers, magazines, music, or videos. While use of the libraries was high, most responses reflected severely limited educational, rehabilitative or cultural programming and access to the internet, and lack of space for collections and reading purposes.

Conclusion – Libraries in Croatia fail to meet international standards for staffing, collections, and services. Recommendations for immediate improvement are made, including legislative advocacy and funding, improved public library involvement, and the creation of national standards aligned with international standards.
STUDY OF THE CONVERGENCE OF POLYNOMIALS AND THE FINITE ELEMENT METHOD TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE PLASTIC PROPERTIES OF THE MATERIAL
Authors: Andriievskyi Viktor , Martyniuk Ivan , Maksymiuk Oleksandr 
Published: April 2024

One of the challenges associated with the development of numerical methods for structural analysis based on the finite element method is justifying the reliability of the obtained results and comparing the effectiveness of new approaches with existing ones. Theoretically, this is often difficult to accomplish, even for specific cases. Therefore, to address these issues, numerical experiment data obtained on benchmark problems are usually employed. This article explores a class of objects representable by a prismatic finite element with a cross-section of arbitrary shape. For this prismatic finite element with variable mechanical and geometric parameters across the section, the solution relationships of the semi-analytical finite element method are presented for calculating nodal reactions and stiffness matrix coefficients, considering the material's plastic properties. The convergence of calculation results based on the semi-analytical finite element method using Fourier series and polynomials is compared with the results obtained using the finite element method (FEM) considering the material's plastic properties. This comparison is conducted on a test problem involving the stress-strain state of an infinitely long strip with a rectangular cross-section subjected to uniformly distributed loading. The FEM solution for this problem is used as a reference result. The calculations are performed with a fixed number of finite elements across the thickness of the crosssection, as the study establishes that further increasing their number has a negligible impact on the calculation results. The obtained calculation results allow concluding about the equal convergence rate of polynomials and Fourier series in the considered problem. At the same time, it is worth noting the significant advantage of the semi-analytical finite element method compared to the conventional finite element method. This is because maintaining only five terms in the series expansion ensures solving the problem with the same accuracy as using a nine-node mesh in the grid domain.
FORECASTING THE FINAL RESOURCE OF THE METAL CHIMNEY PIPE OF NON-FRONTER METALLURGY
Authors: Plugin Andrii , Zhvan Viktor , Lobiak Oleksii , Nazarenko Oleksiy Mykolayovich , Mikitas Serhiy 
Published: April 2024

A comprehensive study of corrosion processes, damage and load-bearing capacity of a 45-m-high metal smoke pipe, which removes the gas-smoke mixture formed in the technological processes of non-ferrous metallurgy, was carried out, and a methodology for forecasting its final resource was developed. As a result of the analysis of the composition and temperature-moisture regime of the specified mixture, it was established that it is a gaseous medium aggressive to steel and causes corrosion of the pipe from the inside. As a result of the analysis of the results of the pipe wall thickness measurements, it was established that the corrosion rate was 0.12–0.26 mm/year, which corresponds to the medium aggressive degree of action of the gaseous medium on carbon steel.According to the intensity of corrosion, the pipe is divided into three conventional zones: the lower non-ventilated stagnation zone of corrosion of medium intensity below the chimney inlet; the average well-ventilated zone of less intense corrosion above the chimney inlet; the upper zone of condensate formation and the most intense corrosion. Analysis of the stress-strain state of the pipe taking into account corrosion damage showed that the most loaded dangerous zone of the structure is the place where the horizontal chimney cuts in, and the bearing capacity of the pipe is provided with a material utilization factor of 0.62–0.65. The limit values of the wall thickness and depth of corrosion damage in the cross-sections, which ensure the fulfillment of the conditions for the bearing capacity, have been determined. Based on the values of the corrosion rate, the time to reach the limit state was determined for all sections. In the lower, middle and upper zones of the pipes, the limit state will be reached after 18, 25 and 9 years, respectively, so without measures for repair and protection, the final resource of the pipe does not exceed 9 years. To increase the final service life of the pipe, it is recommended to replace the upper part of the pipe up to 18 years, and after 18 years - to protect the inner surface with heat-resistant organic silicon or epoxy enamel. Additional over 18 years of increase in ultimate life will equal the service life of the coating. Provided timely restoration of the anti-corrosion coating, the final resource of the pipe can be brought to the durability indicators of reinforced concrete and brick pipes of 70-80 years.
Analysis of Electromagnetic and Thermal Processes of an Induction Motor Using 3D Modeling
Authors: Pekhota A. N. , Galushko V. N. , Khrustalev B. M. , Mirosh D. N. 
Published: April 2024

The results of research and analysis of electromagnetic and thermal processes taking place in an induction motor are presented. Information is presented on the creation of a design model of an auxiliary induction motor with various parameters according to the Goldberg method and the procedure for selecting the option with the best electromechanical characteristics is described. The main factors influencing the calculation methods, taking into account the aging rate, temperature and distribution of the temperature field, are determined, as well as the service life of the insulation. The research has made it possible to develop and apply 3D models of electromagnetic processes using special programs, interactively without describing complex vector equations of field theory, while using the ongoing thermal processes. The cumulative effect of temperature and humidity factors on the insulation service life under various influences of aggressive media has been determined as well. A comparison of the characteristics of the real induction motor (IM), the model IM and the one calculated according to the standard methodology made it possible to calculate the error taking into account the correction factor relative to the data used in the calculation methods of assessment, and to use this value in new calculation and modeling methods. The proposed 3D models of electromagnetic and thermal processes taking place in asynchronous motors make it possible to evaluate the efficiency of an electric machine; improve the design taking into account the criteria of electrical steel throughput and winding temperature; they also create prerequisites for more accurate forecasts when assessing the insulation residual life based on temperature fields.
Gas-Sensitive Characteristics of Low-Power Semiconductor Gas Sensors to CO and H<sub>2</sub>
Authors: Taratyn I. A. , Reutskaya O. G. , Gorokh G. G. , Serdyuk I. V. , Fedosenko V. S. 
Published: April 2024

Strict requirements for determining of gases concentration in the working environment it is relevant to develop of semiconductor sensors which provide rapid response and safety of personnel in industrial and domestic premises. The aim of the work was to study gas-sensitive and dynamic characteristics of high-sensitive low-power sensors made on thin nanoporous substrates with gas-sensitive layers of semiconductor metal oxides. The low-power semiconductor gas sensor on the anodic alumina substrate has been developed. Sensors with gas-sensitive semiconductor metal oxide layers based on In2O3+Ga2O3, In2O3+SnO2 and SnO2+Pd deposited from aqueous solutions with subsequent firing on sensor information electrodes are manufactured. Studies of gas-sensitive characteristics have shown that sensors with SnO2 films with the addition of Pd nanoparticles have maximum sensitivity of about 85 % and high response rate to 10 ppm H2 at 410 °C. The maximum sensitivity of 250 % to 10 ppm CO at 220 °C was shown by films based on In2O3+SnO2, the response time τ90 was 5 s, while the sensitivity of In2O3+Ga2O3 and SnO2+Pd was 30–50 % at 410–420 ºC. Semiconducting metal oxides In2O3+Ga2O3 (70 % at 420 °C) and In2O3+SnO2 (30 % at 250 °C) showed lower sensitivity to hydrogen, with response time τ90 = 20 s. The sensors power consumption in all measurements was 28–60 mW. Semiconductor gas sensors with low energy consumption can be used in the systems development that monitor the carbon monoxide concentration in the work area, as well as detect ignition's early stages.
Normal Stresses with Temperature Bending of Composite Rod
Authors: Dudjak A. I. , Khvasko V. M. 
Published: April 2024

Existing methods for calculating temperature stresses in composite rods have certain disadvantages. The importance of such calculations is related to the safety and efficiency of similar engineering structures in various industries such as construction, mechanical engineering and aviation. The paper presents a study of the behavior of composite rods under thermal loading, taking into account bending deformation and the conditions leading to maximum normal stresses. Composite rods consisting of two different metals welded together have been analyzed. A methodology for calculating normal stresses has been developed that takes into account the physical and mechanical characteristics of the materials of the component parts, such as the modulus of elasticity and coefficient of linear thermal expansion. The intrinsic neutral layers of each metal rod have been identified, which makes it possible to more accurately determine the stress distribution in the composite rods. An example of the analytical calculation of normal stresses occurring in a rod composed of steel and aluminum parts is provided. Diagrams of normal stresses along the height of the composite rods were constructed. Additionally, a FEM analysis of the composite rod under temperature influence was carried out while using Ansys 2023 R2 software. The results of the nume-rical study confirmed with high accuracy the data obtained theoretically. The outcomes of this study are crucial for practical applications in the design and construction of such composite structures, providing engineers with more accurate data for analyzing the influence of thermal stresses.
Comparative Analysis of Property Changes in Modified Asphalt Concretes Depending on the Modification Method and Polymer Concentration in the Binder
Authors: Yatsevich P. P. 
Published: April 2024

The widespread use of polymers of various types for modifying asphalt concrete mixtures poses the task of determining the most optimal method for their introduction into the composition of asphalt concrete mixtures. The study considers options for dry introduction and pre-modification of bitumen. In this context, changes in the properties of asphalt concrete that reflect the material performance in a wide range of temperature are assessed. Technological aspects during construction of the pavement are also taken into account, depending on the quantitative concentration of the polymer modifier in the binder. The research has clearly demonstrated that the optimal way to achieve high-temperature properties of asphalt in terms of polymer consumption, is pre-modification of bitumen, which allows optimizing the distribution of the modifier throughout the volume of the asphalt concrete mixture. Additionally, the research has shown that asphalt concretes with a high binder content are preferable for modification because bitumen is the primary component in interaction with polymers, and the thicker the bitumen film, the more optimally this process occurs. In addition, the studies have revealed the negative influence of relatively high thermoplastic content on the low-temperature and technological properties of asphalt concrete mixtures, which can lead to a decrease in the resistance of asphalt concrete to corrosion damage.
Using Risk Points in Risk Management System of Thermal Power Plants
Authors: Tymul Ya. I. 
Published: April 2024

In modern conditions, regardless of what type of economic activity an organization faces various risks. For manufacturing enterprises, the area of risks is one of the most extensive, since it is necessary to take into account uncertainties in both financial and production activities. Creation of an effective risk management system determines ways and opportunities to ensure sustainability of organizations and their ability to withstand adverse situations. Risk reduction is possible through risk management, which involves their identification and assessment, as well as the use of procedures and management me-thods that would reduce possible risks. For the most effective implementation of risk management, a systematic approach to organizing this process is required. Risk management will be of particular importance for energy companies due to the changes that have been observed in this area over the past few years. The paper proposes a risk management model for energy enterprises, which includes the goal, object, subject, functions, principles and processes of risk management, taking into account the characteristics of energy enterprises. An algorithm for implementing this model is presented, consisting of five main stages. The use of this algorithm will allow us to obtain intermediate results from the implementation of the risk management system and, if necessary, adjust this process. The paper presents an analysis of existing concepts on the use of risk points. Attention is also paid to the issue of using this method at energy enterprises in other countries. The methodology for determining critical control points, which lies in at the heart of HACCP (Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point) system used in the food industry, is discussed in detail. The possibility of using risk points to determine those responsible for risks at energy enterprises is substantiated. An analysis of the operating thermal power plant was carried out in order to identify points of production and technical risk. The result of the analysis was the identification of those responsible for this type of risk.