bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intolerance of uncertainty affects the behavioral and neural mechanisms of higher generalization
Authors: Wu Qi , Xu Lei , Wan Jiaming , Yu Zhang , Lei Yi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Intolerance of uncertainty (IU) is associated with several anxiety disorders. In this study, we employed rewards and losses as unconditioned positive and negative stimuli, respectively, to explore the effects of an individual’s IU level on positive and negative generalizations using magnetic resonance imaging technology. Following instrumental learning, 48 participants (24 high IU; 24 low IU) were invited to complete positive and negative generalization tasks; their behavioral responses and neural activities were recorded by functional magnetic resonance imaging. The behavior results demonstrated that participants with high IUs exhibited higher generalizations to both positive and negative cues as compared with participants having low IUs. Neuroimaging results demonstrated that they exhibited higher activation levels in the right anterior insula and the default mode network (i.e. precuneus and posterior cingulate gyrus), as well as related reward circuits (i.e. caudate and right putamen). Therefore, higher generalization scores and the related abnormal brain activation may be key markers of IU as a vulnerability factor for anxiety disorders.
Identifying suicide attempter in major depressive disorder through machine learning: the importance of pain avoidance, event-related potential features of affective processing
Authors: Li Huanhuan , Wei Shijie , Sun Fang , Wan Jiachen , Guo Ting 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
How to achieve a high-precision suicide attempt classifier based on the three-dimensional psychological pain model is a valuable issue in suicide research. The aim of the present study is to explore the importance of pain avoidance and its related neural features in suicide attempt classification models among patients with major depressive disorder. By recursive feature elimination with cross-validation and support-vector-machine algorithms, scores from the measurements and the task-based EEG signals were chosen to achieve a suicide attempt classification model. In the multimodal suicide attempt classifier with an accuracy of 83.91% and an area under the curve of 0.90, pain avoidance ranked as the top one in the optimal feature set. Theta (reward positive feedback minus neutral positive feedback) was the shared neural representation ranking as the top one of event-related potential features in pain avoidance and suicide attempt classifiers. In conclusion, the suicide attempt classifier based on pain avoidance and its related affective processing neural features has excellent accuracy among patients with major depressive disorder. Pain avoidance is a stable and strong indicator for identifying suicide risks in both traditional analyses and machine-learning approaches. A novel methodology is needed to clarify the relationship between cognitive and affective processing evoked by punishment stimuli and pain avoidance.
Tracking the habituation of the event-related EEG potential in automatic change detection using an auditory two-tone oddball paradigm
Authors: Wagner-Altendorf Tobias A , Rein Marlitt , Skeries Valentina M , Cirkel Anna , Münte Thomas F , Heldmann Marcus 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The mismatch negativity and the P3a of the event-related EEG potential reflect the electrocortical response to a deviant stimulus in a series of stimuli. Although both components have been investigated in various paradigms, these paradigms usually incorporate many repetitions of the same deviant, thus leaving open whether both components vary as a function of the deviant’s position in a series of deviant stimuli—i.e. whether they are subject to qualitative/quantitative habituation from one instantiation of a deviant to the next. This is so because the detection of mismatch negativity/P3a in the event-related EEG potential requires an averaging over dozens or hundreds of stimuli, i.e. over many instantiations of the deviant per participant. The present study addresses this research gap. We used a two-tone oddball paradigm implementing only a small number of (deviant) stimuli per participant, but applying it to a large number of participants (n &gt; 230). Our data show that the mismatch negativity amplitude exhibits no decrease as a function of the deviant’s position in a series of (standard and) deviant stimuli. Importantly, only after the very first deviant stimulus, a distinct P3a could be detected, indicative of an orienting reaction and an attention shift, and thus documenting a dissociation of mismatch negativity and P3a.
The identification of novel schizophrenia-related metabolites using untargeted lipidomics
Authors: Shi Mengyao , Du Xiangdong , Jia Yiming , Zhang Yonghong , Jia Qiufang , Zhang Xiaobin , Zhu Zhengbao 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Human lipidome still remains largely unexplored among Chinese schizophrenia patients. We aimed to identify novel lipid molecules associated with schizophrenia and cognition among schizophrenia patients. The current study included 96 male schizophrenia patients and 96 gender-matched healthy controls. Untargeted lipidomics profiling was conducted among all participants. Logistic regression models were used to assess metabolite associations with schizophrenia. We further assessed the incremental predictive value of identified metabolites beyond conventional risk factors on schizophrenia status. In addition, identified metabolites were tested for association with cognitive function among schizophrenia patients using linear regression models. A total of 34 metabolites were associated with schizophrenia. Addition of these identified metabolites to age, body mass index, smoking, and education significantly increased the risk reclassification of schizophrenia. Among the schizophrenia-related metabolites, 10 were further associated with cognition in schizophrenia patients, including four metabolites associated with immediate memory, two metabolites associated with delayed memory, three metabolites associated with visuospatial, four metabolites associated with language, one metabolite associated with attention, and two metabolites associated with the total score. Our findings provide novel insights into the biological mechanisms of schizophrenia, suggesting that lipid metabolites may serve as potential diagnostic or therapeutic targets of schizophrenia.
From fever to action: diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of acute undifferentiated febrile illnesses
Authors: Barathan Muttiah 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Acute Undifferentiated Febrile Illness (AUFI) presents a clinical challenge, often characterized by sudden fever, non-specific symptoms, and potential life-threatening implications. This review highlights the global prevalence, types, challenges, and implications of AUFI, especially in tropical and subtropical regions where infectious diseases thrive. It delves into the difficulties in diagnosis, prevalence rates, regional variations, and potential causes, ranging from bacterial and viral infections to zoonotic diseases. Furthermore, it explores treatment strategies, preventive measures, and the critical role of the One Health approach in addressing AUFI. The paper also addresses the emerging zoonotic risks and ongoing outbreaks, including COVID-19, Rickettsia spp., and other novel pathogens, emphasizing their impact on AUFI diagnosis and management. Challenges in resource-limited settings are analyzed, highlighting the need for bolstered healthcare infrastructure, enhanced diagnostics, and collaborative One Health strategies. Amidst the complexity of emerging zoonotic threats, this review underscores the urgency for a multifaceted approach to mitigate the growing burden of AUFI, ensuring early diagnosis, appropriate treatment, and effective prevention strategies.
The last gasp of the Rogaland Igneous Complex, Norway: a palaeopole for the 920 Ma Tellnes intrusion
Authors: Brown Laurie L , McEnroe Suzanne A , Robinson Peter 
Published: April 2024

SUMMARY
The Rogaland Igneous Complex (RIC) in southern Norway intruded into Sveconorwegian granulite crust beginning ∼930 Ma. Three massif anorthosite bodies, Egersund–Ogna, Helleren and Åna-Sira, were intruded some 10 Myr later by the Bjerkreim–Sokndal layered intrusion. The Garsaknatt leuconorite and the ilmenite-rich Tellnes norite, one of the youngest rock in the complex at ∼920 Ma, intrude the anorthosite or nearby country rock. Magnetic mineralogy and palaeomagnetic studies carried out on the Tellnes norite, the Garsaknatt leuconorite and the surrounding Åna-Sira anorthosite, indicate the magnetization of all three bodies are dominated by hemo-ilmenite carrying the remanence as a thermochemical remanent magnetization, although magnetite is present in some samples. The three bodies yield steep negative inclinations with northwesterly declinations (Tellnes, I = −71.9°, D = 305.0°, α95 = 10.6°; Garsaknatt, I = −73.1°, D = 312.7°, α95 = 4.7°; and Åna-Sira, I = −81.2°, D = 326.3°, α95 = 6.7°). When combined with data from other bodies in the RIC, the older anorthosites have steeper inclinations, and higher palaeolatitudes, while the younger units have less steep inclinations and shallower palaeolatitudes by nearly 10°, indicating northward plate motion during cooling of the intrusions. Age of the remanence is difficult to determine precisely, however, best estimates are ∼910 Ma for the older anorthosites and ∼900 Ma for the younger intrusions. Although these differences are significant, a unified pole position (35.6° N, 215.1° E), combining all the 111 sites from the RIC, strongly supports the assumed position of southern Baltica in Rodinia at ∼900 MA.
Wind power error compensation prediction model based on CEEMD-SE-ELM-TCN
Authors: Zhang Xiaodong , Yang Mingjie , Liu Ning , Guo Rui , Gu Bingling 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Wind power generation holds immense importance in addressing the issue of global energy shortage, while precise wind power forecasting proves essential for effective management and dependable operation of wind power networks. This study introduces a hybrid deep learning model, encompassing complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition (CEEMD), sample entropy (SE), extreme learning machine (ELM) and time convolutional network (TCN), for accurately predicting short-term wind power output. First, CEEMD decomposed the original wind power into multiple submodes, which effectively reduced the series volatility. Then, the SE of intrinsic mode function sequence is calculated, and the subsequences with similar complexity are superimposed to reduce the calculation cost, improve the simulation accuracy and reduce the noise of the original wind power sequence. Secondly, the ELM model is established for each submode, and the prediction error of BiLSTM is predicted again using TCN to improve the efficiency and prediction performance of the hybrid model. Finally, the outcomes of each individual submode are amalgamated to yield the ultimate prediction outcome. To showcase the efficacy and dominance of the error compensation technique, several comparison models were established in the experiment. The results demonstrated that the suggested hybrid model exhibits superior predictive accuracy in the domain of wind power prediction. Compared with the comparison model, the improvement in MAPE and RMSE was 60.50 and 77.74%, respectively.
Investigating the influence of the gut microbiome on cholelithiasis: unveiling insights through sequencing and predictive modeling
Authors: Boyang Hu , Yanjun Yao , Jing Zhuang , Chenxin Yan , Ying Mei , Shuwen Han , Qiang Yan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Cholelithiasis is one of the most common disorders of hepatobiliary system. Gut bacteria may be involved in the process of gallstone formation and are, therefore considered as potential targets for cholelithiasis prediction.

Objective
To reveal the correlation between cholelithiasis and gut bacteria.

Methods
Stool samples were collected from 100 cholelithiasis and 250 healthy individuals from Huzhou Central Hospital; The 16S rRNA of gut bacteria in the stool samples was sequenced using the third-generation Pacbio sequencing platform; Mothur v.1.21.1 was used to analyze the diversity of gut bacteria; Wilcoxon rank-sum test and linear discriminant analysis of effect sizes (LEfSe) were used to analyze differences in gut bacteria between patients suffering from cholelithiasis and healthy individuals; Chord diagram and Plot-related heat maps were used to analyze the correlation between cholelithiasis and gut bacteria; six machine algorithms were used to construct models to predict cholelithiasis.

Results
There were differences in the abundance of gut bacteria between cholelithiasis and healthy individuals, but there were no differences in their community diversity. Increased abundance of Costridia, Escherichia flexneri, and Klebsiella pneumonae were found in cholelithiasis, while Bacteroidia, Phocaeicola, and Phocaeicola vulgatus were more abundant in healthy individuals. The top four bacteria that were most closely associated with cholelithiasis were Escherichia flexneri, Escherichia dysenteriae, Streptococcus salivarius, and Phocaeicola vulgatus. The cholelithiasis model based on CatBoost algorithm had the best prediction effect (sensitivity: 90.48%, specificity: 88.32%, and AUC: 0.962).

Conclusion
The identification of characteristic gut bacteria may provide new predictive targets for gallstone screening. As being screened by the predictive model, people at high risk of cholelithiasis can determine the need for further testing, thus enabling early warning of cholelithiasis.
5 Water Spray Attenuates Increases in Core Temperature During Physical Activity in Well-healed Burn Survivors
Authors: Crandall Craig G , Palmieri Tina L , Atkins Whitley , Foster Josh , McKenna Zachary , Belval Luke , Orth Bonnie , Watso Joseph 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Burn injuries that require grafting impair thermoregulation, and the accompanying heightened increases in skin and core temperatures may dissuade burn injury survivors from engaging in physical activity that is beneficial for their full rehabilitation as well as cardio-metabolic health. Low-energy (i.e., non-air conditioning) cooling modalities may attenuate increases in core temperature in burn survivors, but this question has not been examined. Thus, the purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis that low-energy cooling modalities will attenuate increases in core temperature during physical activity in the heat in well-healed burn survivors.

Methods
Adults with no burn injuries (non-burned; n=10), 20-40% body surface area severely burned (n=11), and &gt;40% body surface area severely burned (n=10) walked on a treadmill for 1 hour at a low intensity (2.5 ± 0.2 mph and 2% grade) in a warm environmental chamber (39°C, 40% relative humidity). Burn survivors were at least 2 years post-injury. Testing was performed on four occasions, with the following cooling modalities applied throughout each trial (random trial order): no cooling, fan at 4 m/s (FAN), 10-50 g of water sprayed every 5 min (Water Spray; scaled to burn area size), or a combination of Water Spray+FAN. Rectal or gastrointestinal temperature (Tcore) was recorded throughout each trial.

Results
None of the cooling modalities affected Tcore for the non-burned (p=0.61) or the 20-40% burn (p=0.45) groups. Moreover, FAN and Water Spray+FAN did not impact end-exercise Tcore for the &gt;40% burn group (p≥0.48). However, in the &gt;40% burn group Water Spray reduced end-exercise Tcore by 0.34°C (0.12 to 0.56°C) when compared with no cooling (p = 0.004).

Conclusions
At the assessed workload and environmental condition, the efficacy of the applied cooling modalities on Tcore responses of burn survivors is dependent on both the selected modality and the size of the burn injury. Namely, there was no evidence that FAN or Water Spray+FAN attenuated Tcore responses regardless of the burn size, while Water Spray was effective at attenuating the elevation in Tcore in those with &gt;40% burn injuries.

Applicability of Research to Practice
These data demonstrate that skin wetting, via frequent water spraying, is effective in attenuating elevations in Tcore during physical activity in warm and humid conditions in individuals with large burn injuries. Thus, water spray may be useful to encourage such burn survivors to engage in physical activity that is beneficial for their full rehabilitation as well as cardio-metabolic health.
721 The Role of Circadian Rhythms in Burn Injuries and Outcomes
Authors: Lerman Sheera F , Smith Lisa C , Khan Iman F , Mei Michelle , Lagziel Tomer , Cox Carrie A , Caffrey Julie A 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Circadian rhythms are patterns responsible for physiological and behavioral changes in living organisms that follow a 24-hour cycle. Burn injuries trigger an inflammatory response which is also regulated by the circadian system. Literature on the impact of circadian rhythms on burn injury outcomes remains scarce. However, there is evidence that the migration of cells involved in the wound healing process is circadian-regulated and that the timing of the burn injury in a 24-hour period is associated with wound healing rates in burn patients. The goal of this study was to explore the relationship between time of burn injury and burn related outcomes.

Methods
A retrospective chart review was conducted of 442 adult burn patients admitted to the Burn Center between January 2015 and February 2022. Mean age on admission was 50.13 years, 34% were female and patients identified as Caucasian (57%), African American (35%) or other (8%). Mean TBSA was 12.85%. Data on clinical and demographic factors and times of injury were extracted from patients’ electronic medical records. Times of burn injury were categorized as daytime versus nighttime based on local sunrise and sunset times.

Results
Fifty-seven percent of patients were burned during daytime. When comparing those who were burned at daytime to those burned at nighttime, daytime burns had lower %TBSA, shorter length of stay and lower morphine equivalent dose during their admission to the burn center. In a regression analysis predicting morphine equivalent dose, time of burn remained a statistically significant predictor, even after controlling for %TBSA, length of stay, gender, race, and age.

Conclusions
Our study underscores the pivotal role of burn injury timing, revealing that nighttime burns are correlated with adverse outcomes, even after accounting for other contributing factors. This insight has profound implications for optimizing burn care and developing targeted intervention strategies. While it is possible that nighttime burns are more severe and thus are associated with poorer outcomes, we found that even when controlling for burn size, nighttime burns have higher inpatient opioid requirements. This is consistent with evidence from human and animal models suggesting that the timing of a burn injury has a unique impact on circadian rhythm, which regulates a host of immune-related responses and can influence the healing process and opioid metabolism.

Applicability of Research to Practice
Recognizing the time of burn injury as a significant risk can enhance clinical assessment protocols, aiding in the identification of high-risk patients. It is crucial to pursue further research to understand the biological mechanism through which timing of injury interacts with circadian function to influence burn recovery.
762 Improving Pain Management During Burn Wound Care Procedures
Authors: Sheaffer Jason , Hutson Monica , Wolf Steven E , Jimenez Carlos , Forest Sharron 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Introduction
During burn wound care, the intention is to manage pain throughout the procedure with minimal to no sedation. While it is rare that burn patients experience zero pain, 25% of patients were experiencing excessive pain with self-reported pain scores of ≥7 throughout their procedure. Identified gaps included nursing documentation of intra-procedure pain scores and provider variability on pain management.

Methods
A multidisciplinary Pain Management Task Force developed a Pain Management Guideline (PMG) comprised of frequent pain assessment, nonpharmacologic techniques, and pharmacologic therapy of nonopioids, opioids, and sedation. The established PMG consisted of a pain assessment at the start of the procedure, repeating every 15 minutes until procedure completion. Music therapy provided distraction at the patient’s discretion. Nitrous oxide utilization provided a nonopioid intervention. Building an order set allowed PMG incorporation into the electronic health record (EHR).

Results
Within 20 weeks, the percentage of patients with a mean procedural pain score of ≥7 reduced from 25% to 21%, short of the intended goal of 15%. The predominant approach to pain management remains the use of narcotic opioids. There was low usage of nitrous oxide with the unanticipated high prevalence of exclusionary factors of NPO compliance, facial trauma, and impairment. However, nitrous oxide was effective 90% of the time in reducing pain scores to &lt; 7. Moderate sedation procedures proved a challenge in case coordination while maintaining regulatory compliance. Nursing documentation of pain scores improved by 79% after modification of the standard nursing note to include an intra-procedure pain assessment, which also increased the average number of pain assessments from 2 to 3. Encouragingly, PMG implementation did not increase the average procedure time or patient safety events.
An unanticipated finding was the presence and impact of Social Determinants of Health (SDOH) on pain perception and management. Of the patients reporting excessive pain, several had a pre-procedural pain score ≥7, which remained elevated throughout the intra- and post-procedure intervals. Positive SDOH factors identified included a significant history of substance abuse, homelessness, poverty, and mental health disease.

Conclusions
Pain management principles were codified and organized into a PMG. Development and implementation of a PMG decreased self-reported pain scores for burn patients. The guideline improved pain management consistency between providers and improved nurses’ assessment and documentation of pain scores. When considering the practical implications, it is essential to understand how SDOH may impact pain management throughout all stages of care for burn patients.

Applicability of Research to Practice
A quality improvement project to reduce the rate of mean self-reported procedural pain scores of ≥7 during burn wound care procedures.