bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of clinical and HRT II quantitative parameters to detect suspect and early glaucoma patients
Authors: SANCHEZ CANO A , GUERRI N , EGEA ESTOPINAN MC , PEREZ OLIVAN S , PABLO JULVEZ LE 
Published: October 2007

Abstract Purpose: To compare the different clinical and HRT II quantitative parameters among patients divided in three groups: control, suspect glaucoma and early glaucoma. Methods: The relative importance of each of a set of independent variables was assessed by stepwise discriminate analysis to identify and combine the most useful parameters of both clinical and HRT II methods. Afterwards the most significative original variables were combined to generate a new variable in such a way that the measurable differences between the groups are maximized by means of using a linear discriminate function (LDF) to generate a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for each set of clinical or HRT II parameters. The differences between the ROC curves derived from LDF analysis by each method (clinical or HRT II) were tested for significance. Results: Two functions were found: Clinical = 9.69 ‐ 0.09*IOP + 0.05*Age ‐0.02*Pachymetry and HRT II = 5.83 + 0.71*FSM Mikelberg Function ‐ 7.43*RNFL cross‐sectional area + 32.44*mean RNFL thickness ‐ 10.25*rim/disc area. ROC curves were plotted and the areas for clinical and HRT II functions were 0.762 ± 0.042 and 0.757 ± 0.042 respectively. Conclusions: Despite of good discriminate results for single parameters to detect suspect or early glaucoma patients, a linear combined parameters appeared more effective statistically than clinical and HRT II single ones.
Short‐term influence of antiglaucomatous medications on the ocular pulse amplitude (OPA) measured with the dynamic contour tonometer Pascal®
Authors: DETRY‐MOREL M , JAMART J , POURJAVAN S 
Published: October 2007

Abstract Purpose: To assess the short and medium‐term influence of antiglaucomatous treatment on the OPA value by DCT. Methods: Prospective non‐randomized study including 35 eyes of 25 patients (mean age: 63±10,9 years) with newly diagnosed POAG or OHT and treated with latanoprost, bimatoprost or Cosopt®. The IOP and OPA were measured with GAT and DCT before starting the study and after 1, 3 and 6 months of treatment. Central corneal thickness (CCT), systolic, diastolic blood pressure (BP) and cardiac frequency were recorded. Pearson coefficient was used to assess correlations. Results: The mean GAT IOP was 25.0±5.6 mmHg at baseline, 17.7±3.6 mmHg, 17.9±3.2 mmHg and 17.6±3.3 mmHg at first,3 and 6 months post‐treatment respectively (p<0.001). From a mean baseline IOP of 24.2±3.9 mmHg, the mean DCT IOP was 17.9±2.6 mmHg, 17.6±2.5 mmHg, 17.5±2.3 mmHg at 1,3 and 6 months (p<0.001). Both mean IOP GAT and DCT were correlated with CCT (p<0.05). GAT and DCT IOP were strongly correlated at all visits. The mean pretreatment OPA was 3.3±0.9 mmHg. It was significantly reduced to 2.6±0.7 mmHg at first month, 2.6±0.7 mmHg at third month and 2.8±0.6 mmHg at 6 month, without difference between the post‐treatment visits (regression, p>0.05). The baseline OPA was significantly correlated with DCT IOP, systolic and diastolic BP. It was only correlated with BP at first month (p<0.05). The decreases in OPA and IOP were significantly correlated. Conclusions: Antiglaucomatous medications are associated with a significant short‐term decrease in OPA which remains stable in the medium‐term.
Management of dumbbell‐shaped dermoid cysts in the temporal fossa and orbit
Authors: MISSOTTEN GS , DE KEIZER RJW 
Published: October 2007

Abstract Purpose: Orbital dermoid cyst occur most frequently besides the lateral orbital wall. Rarely they also extend through the frontozygomatical suture to the temporal fossa. Here we describe two cases of dumbbell‐shaped dermoid cysts and their surgical treatment, from a larger group of (epi)dermoids of the temporal fossa. Methods: Retrospective research Results: Diagnosis and treatment process is shown. Conclusions: Dermoid cysts are bening teratomes, filled with fluid, granulomatous tissue or fat. Excision is indicated when they give irritation in the surrounding tissues. It is important to think about the extension to the temporal fossa, when treating dermoids of the orbit.
Ultrastructure features of lens epithelium in intumescent white cataract
Authors: STUNF S , HVALA A , HAWLINA M 
Published: October 2007

Abstract Purpose: To analyze the ultrastructure of lens epithelium in intumescent white compared to nuclear cataract and to connect the morphological features of the lens epithelium in intumescent white cataract to the mechanism of cortical cataract formation. Methods: Samples of anterior lens capsule of 27 eyes with intumescent white and 27 eyes with nuclear cataracts were analyzed for ultrastructure of the lens epithelium by transmission electron microscopy. The Pearson Chi‐square statistics was done on the collected data. Results: The lens epithelium of both groups showed similar changes: multi layer epithelium, detached epithelium, free spaces between the cells, intracellular vacuoles, degenerated cells, dark cells and star‐shaped nuclei.Three samples of intumescent white cataract had extensive degenerative changes with unrecognizable lens epithelium and were not included in the statistical analysis.Statistic analysis of the ultrastructure findings showed that the degenerated epithelial cells were more frequently present in the intumescent white thn in nuclear cataract. There was also a negative correlation between the ‘free spaces between the cells and intumescent white cataract. Conclusions: The study proved that degenerative changes of lens epithelium in the intumescent white cataract are more frequent than in the nuclear cataract. This could be in concordance with the pathophysiological process of the cortical cataract formation, where dysfunction of the ionic pump on the cell membrane results in osmotic disbalance, cell swelling and destruction. The insignificant findings: multi layer epithelium and detached epithelium; and even the negatively correlated finding: free spaces between the cells; could all be artifacts. Further analysis has to be done to prove this.
Ultrasound biomicroscopy in non penetrating filtration surgery with 5‐Fluorouracil and without implant: long‐term results
Authors: GUTIERREZ C , VLEMING E , PAREJA J , BOLIVAR G , TEUS MA 
Published: October 2007

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the long‐term morphological changes in the anterior segment structures of the eye that appear after non penetranting filtration surgery (NPFS) supplemented with antimetabolites and without implant using ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM). Methods: 13 eyes of 13 consecutive patients who underwent NPFS with 5‐fluorouracil and without collagen implant were evaluated in an observational non‐randomised, consecutive case series. The study was conducted at least after 1 year of the surgery. The following parameters were assessed: (1) presence of subconjunctival filtering bleb, (2) presence and volume of an intrascleral cavity and (3) presence of a suprachoroidal hypoechoic area. IOP was evaluated before and after surgery. Results: Mean intraocular pressure (IOP) decreased significantly from 24 ± 7.69 mmHg preoperatively to 13.76 ± 4.1 mmHg at the time of UBM (p=0.01). 69.2% of the patients had PIO≤21mmHg without medications and 84.6% with medication. UBM demonstrated a subconjunctival empty space in 92.3% of the eyes and in 84.6 %, an intrascleral cavity was observed. The mean volume of this cavity was 1.68 mm3 (range 0‐4.07). We found correlation between the height (r2=‐0.610), the width (r2=‐0.754), and the volume of the intrascleral lake (r2=‐0.558). In 92.3 %of the eyes a hypoechoic area in the suprachoroidal space also was observed. Conclusions: UBM demonstrated an intrascleral cavity after NPFS without using an implant similar that are described when it is used. At least 1 year after the surgery the majority of the eyes have an intrascleral cavity and a suprachoroidal space.
Posterior sub‐tenon triamcinolone acetonide for the treatment of diabetic macular edema
Authors: OZKURT Y , EVCIMAN T , HABOGLU M , SENGOR T , KURNA S , AKI S 
Published: October 2007

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the use of posterior sub‐tenon triamcinolone acetonide (PSTA) injection on clinical, angiographic, and optical coherence tomographic (OCT) parameters in diabetic macular edema (DME). Methods: In a prospective clinical sudy, 36 eyes of 33 patients with (DME). and a decrease in visual acuity were included. Posterior sub‐tenon injection of 40 mg of TA was given under topic anesthesia. All patients were evaluated at baseline and at 1 day, 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks, and 3, 6, and 9 months after injection. In some of the patients injections were repeated after 3 months. Complete ophthalmologic examination, fluorescein angiography, and OCT were performed before intervention and after 3 months. The main outcome measures were visual acuity (VA), central macular thickness(CMT), intraocular pressure (IOP), cataract progression, and frequency of complications. Results: The mean baseline CMT for all eyes was 543μ. The mean CMT was 301μ at 1 month, Twenty‐one of the 36 treated eyes showed visual improvement in at least two lines of visual acuity. Nine eyes showed no improvement in vision. Most of them already had poor visual acuity (0.2 or less) before the injections. Complications of the treatment included cataract in three eyes, glaucoma in one. Injection of repository corticosteroids into the posterior sub‐Tenon space is of value in the treatment of CME secondary to uveitis. However, we have to beware of the complications of treatment. Conclusions: PST injection of TA is effective in reversing CME and improving visual acuity in DME
Adjunctive use of tafluprost with timolol provides additive effects for reduction in intraocular pressure in patients with glaucoma
Authors: EGOROV E , ROPO A 
Published: October 2007

Abstract Purpose: Beta‐blockers and prostanoid F2α (PF2α) analogues reduce intraocular pressure (IOP) by complementary mechanisms. A combination of treatments with additive effects may be beneficial to further reduce IOP in patients not sufficiently controlled with a single agent. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of tafluprost, a new PF2α derivative in development, as adjunctive therapy to timolol. Methods: In this multi‐national, multi‐centre, parallel‐group, double‐masked, phase III study, 185 patients with open‐angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension and with IOP between 22‐30 mmHg on timolol, were randomised to tafluprost 0.0015% eye drops (n=96) or vehicle (n=89) as adjunctive therapy with timolol 0.5% eye drops for 6 weeks. The primary endpoint was change from baseline in the overall diurnal IOP at 6 weeks. Safety parameters were also analysed. Results: At week 6, the additional effect of tafluprost, as compared to timolol baseline, was between 22‐24%. This additional effect was consistently larger than in the vehicle group. There were more ocular events, including conjunctival redness, iris colour and eyelash changes with tafluprost compared with the vehicle (overall 42% vs 29%), but most were mild in severity. Conclusions: Tafluprost, when administered as adjunctive therapy to timolol, is effective and well tolerated for the treatment of glaucoma and ocular hypertension.
Elastic modulus of the iris with drug stimulation
Authors: KOTLIAR KE , WHITCOMB J , BARNETT V , OLSEN T , BAROCAS V 
Published: October 2007

Abstract Purpose: Intraoperative Floppy Iris Syndrome (IFIS) syndrome occurs during cataract surgery in patients using Flomax. In oder to understand iris stiffening with different drugs we investigated how the elastic modulus (i.e., the stiffness) of the iris changes following stimulation by pilocarpine, phenylephrine, and tropicamide. Methods: Irides (n = 20) were dissected from porcine eyes within 4 hr post mortem and mounted on a mechanical testing system. The samples were stretched up to 30% strain in the radial direction, and the modulus was calculated from the linear portion of the stress‐strain curve. One of the three drugs of interest was then added (80 ug/ml) to the bath surrounding the tissue and the experiment was repeated. Experiments were performed on intact irides and on strips cut from the iris. Results: Changes in pupil diameter of free‐floating samples and in isometric force of mounted samples confirmed that the tissue was responsive to the drugs. For the strips, the untreated iris modulus was 4.0±0.9 kPa (mean ± s.d., n = 20), and the treated iris modulus was 7.7±2.0 (pilocarpine, n = 7), 6.9±2.2 (phenylephrine, n = 6), and 8.4±1.7 (tropicamide, n = 7). Whole irides (n = 10 total) gave similar trends but values were approximately 25% higher, presumably because the shape of the intact iris makes the stress and strain fields inhomogeneous within the sample. Conclusions: Although pilocarpine, phenylephrine, and tropicamide work by different mechanisms, all three gave similar results – an increase in modulus of roughly two times. We conclude that in most normal situations, the iris stiffness varies within about a factor of two range, remaining quite compliant at all pupil diameters. How to address the problem of IFIS warrants further research.
Reduction in intraocular pressure is equivalent between preserved and preservative‐free formulations of tafluprost
Authors: HAMACHER T , AIRAKSINEN J , RICHTER U , ROPO A 
Published: October 2007

Abstract Purpose: Tafluprost is a newly synthesized prostanoid F2α (PF2α) derivative that reduces intraocular pressure (IOP) and is in development for the treatment of glaucoma. Tafluprost is the first PF2α analogue with a preservative‐free formulation. This formulation may decrease the risk of side effects caused by chronic exposure to benzalkonium chloride. This study aimed to investigate the pharmacodynamics of preserved and preservative‐free tafluprost. Methods: A randomised, investigator‐masked, multi‐centre, cross‐over phase III study evaluated the pharmacodynamics and safety of preserved and preservative‐free tafluprost 0.0015% eye drops administered for 4 weeks each in 43 patients with open‐angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. The primary variable was change from baseline in the overall diurnal IOP at 4 weeks. Adverse events and other safety parameters were also analysed. Results: A clear IOP lowering effect was observed with both formulations at Week 1. This effect was sustained and similar between groups at Week 4 with an estimated overall treatment difference (preservative‐free – preserved) for the intent‐to‐treat population of 0.01 mmHg (95% CI, ‐0.46 to 0.49; P=0.96). There were no unexpected safety findings. Both formulations were well tolerated with most adverse events being ocular, and mild in severity. There were no serious adverse events or withdrawals due to adverse events in this study. Conclusions: Preservative‐free tafluprost resulted in an equivalent IOP lowering effect compared with the preserved formulation, and was generally well tolerated.
Persistent pupillary membrane remnants attached to the anterior lens capsule
Authors: CHATZIBALIS T , KARAMPATAKIS V , NTAMPOS K , VOUTAS S 
Published: October 2007

Abstract Purpose: To present an interesting case of bilateral persistent pupillary membrane remnants without visual acuity impairment. Persistent pupillary membrane remnants are an ocular “congenital anomaly” and often affect both eyes. Methods: A 12 year old dark‐haired boy presented on a routine examination with dense and wide pupillary membrane remnants attached to the iris collarette and the anterior lens capsule bilaterally. In OD the remnants covered almost the whole pupillary area however leaving some clear islands and among them a central one. In OS the remnants did not cover the central pupillary area. Results: Uncorrected visual acuity was surprisingly good (9/10 OD and 10/10 OS). Although autorefraction was OD: +3.50 ‐2.25 X 180º and OS: +0.75 ‐0.25 X 170º, subjective refraction was OD: + 1.25 X 90º providing 10/10 and Jaeger 1 and OS: plano providing 10/10 and Jaeger 1. Conclusions: The characteristic of the pupillary membrane remnants is the attachment to the iris collarette and this is the most important differential diagnostic feature from pupillary membranes of other origin. Surgical removal of these membranes or YAG‐laser membranectomy is sometimes necessary in cases with severe visual impairment. The surprisingly good visual acuity in the present case is not suggestive of any attempt to remove these pupillary membrane remnants. Excellent near and distant visual acuity was preserved in the right eye due to a “pinhole effect” of the central clear island which prevented the occurrence of amblyopia.
Interleukin1‐Induced apoptosis of keratocytes: effect of biglycan
Authors: KOULIKOVSKA M , SHARIPO A , FAGERHOLM P 
Published: October 2007

Abstract Purpose: Biglycan is absent in the normal cornea, but UVR exposure leads to a significant expression of the biglycan gene in the rabbit cornea, an effect that decreases after healing is completed, indicating the envolvement of biglycan in the corneal repair process. In the present study, we have investigated possible involvement of biglycan in the modulation of the survival of keratocytes. Methods: Keratocytes were grown either under serum free conditions to obtain quiescent keratocyte cell culture or in the presence of 10% fetal bovine serum to induce keratocyte transformation into myofibroblasts. Myofibroblastic phenotype was confirmed by immunocytochemistry with anti‐alpha‐smooth muscle actin antibodies. Cell death was induced in both cell cultures by interleukin‐1 in the presence or absence of biglycan.Histone‐associated DNA fragments were assayed by using a cell death detection ELISA. Results: Quantification of histone‐associated DNA fragments by the cell death detection ELISA showed that biglycan strongly protected quiescent keratocytes from dying whereas it enhanced the death rate of transformed keratocytes. Apoptotic death rate was elevated after the addition of IL‐1 in both keratocyte and myofibroblast cell cultures. Co‐incubation with biglycan markedly reduced the number of apoptotic keratocytes but markedly increased the number of apoptotic myofibroblasts. Conclusions: IL‐1‐induces apoptosis of both quiescent and transformed keratocytes. However, biglycan has differential effect on apoptosis of these two cell types.
Use of Travalert® in routine clinical practice
Authors: STEWART WC , JASEK MC , STEWART JA 
Published: October 2007

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate Travalert® in clinical practice. Methods: Travalert® is a computerized bottle holder that reminds patients to instill their medicine, assists in the administration of the drop, and records the dosing time for travoprost (Travatan™) or the travoprost/timolol fixed combination (Duotrav™, Alcon, Inc., Fort Worth, TX). Technicians who dispensed the TDA completed a questionnaire regarding their experience with the device. Results: 3198 questionnaires were completed at 120 sites. Physicians alone usually decided to dispense the Travalert® (n = 1858, 58%) typically because patients forget to take their medication (n = 1613, 50%). The technician usually instructed the patient how to use Travalert® (n = 2774, 87%). Patients were typically very receptive to using the device (n = 2046, 64%) with their most common concern being monitored (n = 345, 11%). In the office the Travalert® typically required < 10 minutes to explain (n = 2855, 89%) and < 2 minutes to initialize (n = 1873, 59%). Most offices reminded the patient to return Travalert® only at the visit in which it was dispensed (n = 1669, 54%) and most patients remembered to return it (n = 1613, 68%). The patient’s overall impression of Travalert® was favorable (n = 1846, 77%). Downloading the data did not usually affect patient flow (n = 1846, 77%) and it typically took < 5 minutes to discuss the findings with the patient (n = 974, 63%). Most patients chose to continue using Travalert® (n = 1956, 82%). Conclusions: Travalert® offers a convenient method to monitor patient compliance with a high acceptability rate by the patient and clinical technician.
Anterior chamber depth changes and complications after Nd:YAG laser treatment for posterior capsule opacification in pseudophakic eyes
Authors: EVCIMAN T , OZKURT Y , SENGOR T , HABOGLU M , KURNA S , AKI S 
Published: October 2007

Abstract Purpose: To investigate the effect of Nd:YAG capsultomy on anterior chamber depth changes and complications of Nd:YAG laser treatment for posterior capsule opacification in pseudophakic eyes. Methods: Our study includes 26 eyes (23 patients) with posterior capsule opacification (PCO) after uncomplicated phacoemulsification surgery and intraocular lens implantation. Complete ocular examinations were performed for each patients . The best corrected visual acuity, intraocular pressure, keratometry and anterior chamber depth measurements were obtained in all examinations. In all patients Nd:YAG capsulotomy was performed. Data were analyzed statistically. Results: Mean patient age was 53.73±13.53 years. Before Nd:YAG capsulotomy mean anterior chamber depth was 4,03± 0,58 mm and in the first day after capsulotomy mean value was 4,02± 0,46 mm . Mean spherical equivalent refraction before laser treatment was ‐0.53 diopters. Mean spherical equivalent refraction in the first day after laser treatment was ‐0.49 diopters. Before Nd:YAG capsulotomy mean best corrected visual acuity was 0.38±013, and in the first day after capsulotomy mean value was 0.93±0.11, there was statistically significant difference. There were no statistically significant differences between the anterior chamber depth, intraocular pressure (IOP) obtained at before laser capsulotomy and the post laser first day, first month and the third month exams. Conclusions: Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy is an effective and safe method of treatment of posterior capsule opacification.
Function of macular area in retinopathy of prematurity
Authors: SHAMSHINOVA AM , KATARGINA LA , KOGOLEVA LV , SITNIKOVA DN 
Published: October 2007

Abstract Purpose: To assess the bioelectric activity of the retina at different stages of the retinopathy of prematurity (RP). Methods: 21 children with RoP (stage 1‐4, 6‐14 years old, born at 27‐32 week of gestation with the birth weight of 730‐1800g) were examined. In 4 of children the prophylactic laser coagulation of avascular retina was performed in the active phase. Visual acuity (VA) at the stage 1 of RoP amounted to 0,75; at the stage 2: 0,5; at the stage 3: 0,25 and at the stage 4: 0,02. Macular (MBN Moscow) and mf ERG( Roland Concult Germany) were examined. Results: There was no correlation between VA values and parameters of multifocal (mf) and macular (m) ERG. Patients with RP of stage1 showed a moderate reduction of b‐wave magnitude of mERG at its normal latency. This correlated with mfERG data in central hexagons 15 degrees. The magnitude and latency of mERG were changed to a great extent in RP patients of stages 2‐3. The waves N1 and P1 of mERG were also heavily decreased at normal latency. The patients with severe retinal abnormalities, like retinal detachment, have subnormal mERG‐values with prolonged latency, and moderate decrease of retinal density in the central ring and considerable changes with eccentricity in mfERG. Conclusions: RP patients 1‐4 stages showed considerable impairment of macular functionindependent of the ophthalmoscopic changes. Even occult or weak‐manifested of the diseases in the macula might be accompanied with the moderate decrease of macular bioelectric activity, including the abrupt abnormalities of the electrogenesis and neuronal interactions in the macular area. Decline VA d'not always had relation with RP. The pathophysiologic rationale of the latter needs to be elucidated in the future studies.