bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CYTOTOXIC EFFECTS OF THE MYCOTOXINS OF PENICILLIUM ISLANDICUM SOPP, LUTEOSKYRIN AND CHLORINE‐CONTAINING PEPTIDE ON CHANG'S LIVER CELLS AND HELA CELLS
Authors: Umeda Makoto 
Published: December 2008

Summary

The cytotoxic effects of mycotoxins of Penicillium islandicum Sopp, luteoskyrin and chlorine‐containing peptide, were examined in tissue culture cells.
For both CL cells and HL cells, Lt. inhibited the cell growth at concentrations higher than 0.12 μg/ml and affected the cells lethally at the concentration of 1.2 /μg/ml. Pt. inhibited the growth of CL cells at 3.17 /μg/ml and that of HL cells at 10/ng/ml, showing a slightly different susceptibility with each other. With Pt. at higher than 31.7/ig/ml, both cells were affected lethally.
The cytological changes induced by Lt. were characterized by the cell atrophy in spindle shape, appearance of large fat granules in the cytoplasm, atrophic nuclei with unevenly distributed chromatin substances, rounded nucleoli, multinucleosis, and slight swelling of the mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum. These changes were marked above the concentration of 0.34 μg/ml after 2 days.The most characteristic changes caused by Pt. was vacuolation and hyaline‐dropletlike degeneration. Other changes were abnormal mitotic figures, irregularity in cell size, needle‐like substances in the cytoplasm, multinucleosis and electron‐microscopical fine granular matrix, cystic distension of the mitochondria and disappearance of the microvilli. These changes appeared at the concentration of 10/μ/ml within a day.These changes are closely correlated to the findings in the liver parenchymal cells in vivo affected with respective toxins.
Cells growing in the toxin‐free media after the intermittent toxin treatments showed cellular pleomorphism with Lt. and appearance of somewhat larger cells with Pt., both of which exhibited an increase in the resistance to respective toxins.
The animal LD5o and the concentration affecting tissue culture cells of these agents were compared with those of various toxic agents. Lt. damaged tissue culture cells at a lower concentration than its intravenous LD5o. Pt., on the other hand, affected cells at a higher concentration than its intravenous LD50.
In addition, the cytopathological findings were compared with those induced by other agents in tissue culture cells.
ASCHOFF BODY INDUCED BY PROLONGED SENSITIZATION
Authors: Kitamura Shiro , Koizumi Fumitomo 
Published: December 2008

Histological changes in the heart, especially on the formation of Aschoff body by prolonged sensitization with egg‐white for over one year were studied using 30 rabbits.Localized myolysis and acute angitis of various degrees were observed in the earlier period of the experiment. Localized or diffuse thickening of the media of coronary arteries was recognized in the later period. Aschoff bodies were demonstrated in 8 cases, taking place in the perivascular region of the myocardium, and they showed a more typical form in the later period as a result of altered immune response than these in the earlier period which is characterized by an allergic‐hyperergic condition.
METAMORPHOSIS OF THE BRAIN CAUSED BY MODERN TREATMENT, ESPECIALLY BY ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION
Authors: Oyake Yo 
Published: December 2008

1. In the cases of long‐term (over 10‐12 hours) artificial respiration, status bullosus of the cerebellar granule cell layer and faint staining of the nerve cells appear hand in hand. The latter change occurs predominantly in the brain stem (in the wider sense) and the cerebellar nuclei, and differs from the typical ischemic (hypoxic) brain change, not only in its distribution but also in its cellular degenerative pattern.2. Status bullosus became to be more frequently encountered in cases of meningioma, leukemia, and uremia as compared to previous years, and it appears mostly hand in hand with faint staining of the nerve cells.3. As the prerequisite of development of these changes, one must consider not only circulatory disturbance, but also metabolic disorders.
THE TERMINAL DISTRIBUTION OF THE HEPATIC ARTERY AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF FOCAL LIVER NECROSIS FOLLOWING INTERRUPTION OF THE PORTAL BLOOD SUPPLY
Authors: Nakata Katsuji , Kanbe Akira 
Published: December 2008

The terminal distribution of the hepatic artery of the human liver was examined by arterial injection of india ink and serial sectioning. The branches of the hepatic artery form capillary networks around the bile duct in the portal tract, from which the capillaries (terminal venous branch) arise and connect with sinusoids at the most peripheral zone of the liver lobules. Evidence of direct anastomosis between the hepatic artery and portal vein inside the portal tract or presence of “innere Pfortaderwurzeln” as well as the intralobular arteriole was not demonstrated.The authors also studied the hepatic changes caused by interruption of the portal blood supply to the liver lobule. It was demonstrated that the portal tract and its components as well as several layers of liver parenchymal tissue around the portal tract are nourished from blood via the peribiliary capillary plexus and thus remains unaffected by portal obstruction, while other parts of the liver lobule will undergo coagulation necrosis.Based on the present investigation, the authors believe that the hepatic artery plays the main role in the nourishment of the bile duct while it has little to do with that of the liver lobule, except for the most peripheral layers of the liver lobules adjacent to the portal areas.
MORPHOLOGICAL STUDIES OF HUMAN ADRENAL CORTEX UNDER PATHOLOGIC CONDITIONS*
Authors: Tsuchiyama Hideo 
Published: December 2008

The human adrenal cortex of 203 cases, surgically resected and obtained at autopsy, were investigated morphologically. As controls, 30 biopsy specimens were procured from the patients at operations for renal stones, tuberculosis, tumors and wandering kidneys.The structural alterations in the human adrenal cortex under physiologic and pathologic conditions related to the functional phase were discussed. Among hyperadrenocorticism the pathologic changes of the adrenal cortex in Cushing's syndrome and adrenogenital syndrome were considered to be circumstantial evidence in favor of the theory of “functional zonation”. On the other hand, tumorous alteration of the cortex, especially aldosteronoma, was difficult to assign an origin to the cells. It was reasonable to consider that “secretory cytology” plays an important role to explain the endocrinologic significance in these tumors.A morphologic comparison of nodular hyperplasia and adenoma in the adrenal cortex revealed that in some cases, these nodules preceded the development of cortical adenoma.
LIVER CHANGES IN HEPATOCEREBRAL DISEASE*
Authors: Shikata Toshio 
Published: December 2008

An attempt of pathogenetic analysis of Wilson's disease and Inose's disease, the two most important varieties of hepatocerebral diseases, was made from the facette of the hepatic pathology. The liver changes of a total of 43 human autopsy cases(19 of Wilson's and 24 of Inose's disease) were reevaluated. Concurrently an attempt of experimental production in animals of hepatic lesions compatible with those of Wilson's disease was made.Inose's special type of hepatocerebral disease is divided into two subgroups, a shunt form and a nutritional form. Cerebral damage in the shunt form is attributed to the portal‐systemic collaterals, while the clinicopathological survey of the cases with the nutritional form indicates that functional disturbances, related unbalanced diet or endocrine abnormality, seem to cause brain damage.In Wilson's disease, three stages are noted from the analysis of the liver changes; fibrosis or monolobular cirrhosis in the first stage, submassive necrosis or active postnecrotic cirrhosis in the second stage and multilobular cirrhosis or arrested postnecrotic cirrhosis in the third stage. Experimentally, monolobular cirrhosis could be produced in animals by copper administration alone, whereas postnecrotic cirrhosis was first reproduced by a combination of copper administration and low protein diet, anti‐kidney serum, or copper nephrosis. It is suggested that for the development of postnecrotic cirrhosis in the second and third stages of Wilson's disease an additional factor other than copper is needed, and that this second factor may be the deficiency of SH‐ containing aminoacids.
AN AUTOPSY CASE OF MULTIPLE INTRAPULMONARY ARTERY ANEURYSMS WITH SYSTEMIC THROMBOENDOPHLEBITIS, THE “HUGHES‐STOVIN SYNDROME”
Authors: Higuchi Masami , Kitamuba Shiro , Terada Ichiro 
Published: December 2008

The first case of multiple intrapulmonary artery aneurysms with systemic thrombophlebitis in Japan was reported.This case belongs to the category of the “Hughes‐Stovin syndrome” proposed by Kopp and Green. The clinical and pathological findings of this syndrome was briefly summarized. The main pathological change in the present case was systemic angitis, which appeared to be an underlying cause of the “Hughes‐Stovin syndrome”
ULTRASTRUCTURAL STUDIES ON GLOMERULAR LESIONS IN EXPERIMENTAL HYPERTENSION
Authors: Takebayashi Shigeo 
Published: December 2008

Chronological and electron microscopic studies of glomerular lesions were carried out on four different experimental hypertension groups (renal hypertension by Goldblatt, adrenal regeneration hypertension, steroid‐induced hypertension and salt hypertension) and two control groups (intact group and salt treated nonhypertension group).There was no essential difference in glomerular lesions among the four different experimental hypertension groups, and It was understood that morphological changes were consequent to the experimental methods and hypertension. The thickening of basement membrane of capillary loop was proportional to the duration of hypertension and was in no way related to the onset of hypertension. The basement membrane was undoubtedly thickened even in intact rats due to aging. The thickening of basement membrane in nonhypertensive salt treated animals appeared earlier than that in the intact group. “Mesangial cell proliferation” observed In experimental hypertension groups contained a great number of monocytes from hematogenous source which entered into the intercellular space between mesangial cells and endothelial cells. Colliculus (cytoplasmic projection of mesangial cell) had no special relationship to the elevation of blood pressure but indicated important suggestions concerning renostimulating factors and mesangial cell function.
A HISTOPATHOLOGIC STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF ALCOHOL ON CIRRHOSIS and HEPATOMA OF AUTOPSY CASES IN JAPAN*
Authors: Sakurai Masami 
Published: December 2008

A statistical analysis of 4,032 consecutive autopsy cases revealed a great influence of alcohol, mainly Japanese rice wine, in the production of cirrhosis in Japan.A histopathologic study of 647 cases of diseased and accidental deaths concludes that alcoholic effect on the liver due to Japanese rice wine is only mildly toxic. It is shown that the developmental pattern of cirrhosis in Japan is quite different from that in Europe. Many early nutritional type cirrhosis could develop into posthepatitic type cirrhosis in the late stage.The influence of alcohol particularly Japanese rice wine to hepatoma is also discussed. ACTA PATH. JAP. 19: 283˜314, 1969.
EXPERIMENTAL AMYLOIDOSIS INDUCED BY IMMUNE COMPLEX OR HEAT DENATURED DNA
Authors: Kawaoi Akira , Utscki Yoshio 
Published: December 2008

Amyloidosis of the liver, lymph nodes and spleen were induced in high frequency in the rabbits and mice sensitized with antigen‐antibody complex, HGG‐antiHGG complex, or heat denatured DNA (Calf thymus, SIGMA Co.).The fine structural changes of the spleen were similar to those in the other experimental models previously reported.Concurrent systemic vasculitis in these animals suggested the possibility of a disturbed immune mechanism as a common causative background.
ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC OBSERVATIONS OF HYPERTROPHIED MYOCARDIUM OF RAT PRODUCED BY INJECTION OF MONOCROTALINE
Authors: KAJIHARA Hiroki 
Published: December 2008

The right ventricular myocardium of the cor pulmonare in the rat induced by subcutaneous single injection of monocrotallne has been studied by electron microscope. The hypertrophy and wearing of myocardium was sequentially categorized into (1) preparatory stage, (2) hypertrophied stage, and (3) damaged stage.Slightly enlarged and injured mitochondria and incomplete division of mitochondria were noticed in the first stage. An increase in number of mitochondria, appearance of giant mitochondria, many free ribosomes and small bundles of myofilaments were recognized in the second stage. In the third stage, mitochondria located in the subsarcolemmal region and between the myofibrils tended to migrate to the central portion of the muscle cell, and the myofibrils were simultaneously pushed away towards the plasma membrane. A large number of spherical, electron‐opaque granules, not containing acid phosphatase, were found in the enlarged central sarcoplasmic core. The transverse cell boundary was expansively widened at the intermediate junction and its space contained many small membrane‐limited particles. Injured cells, reduced in size, were isolated and localized in the tissue space. After degeneration of this cell, it is finally replaced by collagen fibers.
TWO AUTOPSY CASES OF CONGENITAL HYDRONEPHROSIS DUE TO URETERAL OBSTRUCTION
Authors: KAMIYAMA Kynichi , KOMORI Alrira , MORI Wataru 
Published: December 2008

Two autopsy cases of congenital hydronephrosis are reported, and a short comment was made concerning its pathogenesis.One was unilateral and caused by membranous obstruction at the ureterovesical junction, and the other was bilateral and due to fibrous, cord‐like change of both ureters about 1–2 cm below the ureteropelvic junction. Comparative studies were made between our two cases and with cases which had been published so far in Japan and in some other countries. ACTA PATH. JAP. 20: 207–213, 1970.
AN AUTOPSY CASE OF CONGENITAL LIPOID HYPERPLASIA OF THE ADRENAL CORTEX
Authors: TSUTSUI Yoshihiro , HIRABAYASHI Norio , ITO Gen 
Published: December 2008

A case of congenital lipoid hyperplasia of the adrenal cortex in a male baby with male external pseudohermaphroditism who died 79 days after birth was presented. Prominent clinical signs were recurrent vomiting, brown pigmentation of the skin and retardation of the growth. Histologically, the adrenal cortex was characterized by nodular hyperplasia of so‐called spongiocytes loaded with cholesterol ester.Electron‐microscopic study showed that the spongiocytes were filled with numerous vacuoles of very low electron density. These cells also showed cytoplasmic degeneration as indicated by autophagosomes and myelin figures.Chemical analysis of the adrenal tissue revealed that the total cholesterol was four times higher than that in the control, while the ratio of total to esterized form was not significantly different. ACTA PATH. JAP. 20: 227 ‐ 237, 1970.
EXPERIMENTAL AMYLOIDOSIS INDUCED BY IMMUNE COMPLEX: II. AN IMMUNOHISTOLOGICAL OBSERVATION
Authors: Utsuki Yoshio , Kawaoi Akira , Hamashima Yoshihiro 
Published: December 2008

Experimental amyloidosis was induced in male albino rabbits and male mice (DD‐strain) with repeated administrations of either antigen‐antibody complexes or antigen and/or Freund's complete adjuvant for a long time. Spleen, lymphnodes, liver and kidneys were studied by light microscopy and fluorescent antibody technique, using anti‐rabbit IgG, anti‐mouse IgG, anti‐HGG or anti‐BSA as antisera.The homogenous substances of liver and spleen were induced in both animals in high frequency. The deposits in the lymphnodes and kidneys were also present in a minority of cases.The peripheral areas or a portion of these substances which were consistent physico‐chemically with para‐amyloid showed weakly positive reaction with fluorescent anti‐HGG or anti‐BSA in the same specimen in spite of the existence of large amounts of antibodies.The tissue toxicity of immune complex may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of amyloidosis in the consideration of the concurrent systemic vascular changes and immune dissociation which suggest the possibility of disturbed immune mechanisms as a common causative background. In the present study using insoluble complexes, some questions still remain to be solved on the pathogenesis of amyloidosis.
DEGRANULATION AND REGRANULATION OF PANCREATIC ISLET CELLS OF ALLOXAN DIABETIC RATS: II. ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC STUDY
Authors: Tomita Tatsuo 
Published: December 2008

The ultrastructural study of pancreatic islets from the alloxanized rats was performed along with histochemical studies. During the initial stages of hyperglycemia, B cell degranulation was progressive, while A cells were left intact. The presence of remaining B granules was confirmed in the disintegrated cell debris and also in the macrophages up to 24 hours. The islets from the third day after alloxan showed only a few degranulating B cells and the majority were small poorly differentiated agranular cells and A cells. Major components of small islets from 7 days through 28 days were A and D cells, while some large islets were composed of a mixture of well regranulated A cells and sick B cells.The significance of agranular cells as the possible origin of the differentiated A and B cells was suggeste.
THE EFFECTS OF LOCALIZED X‐IRRADIATION ON THE ULTRASTRUCTURE OF THE GLANDULAR STOMACH IN MICE: I. EARLY CHANGES
Authors: Tahaba Eiichi , Hirose Fumio 
Published: December 2008

A study was made on the early effects of localized X‐irradlation (a single dose of 2000 rads) on the ultrastructure of the gastric mucosa of mice by observing the changes from 15 minutes following irradiation to the 7th day when ulcer developed. The six types of gastric epithelial cells all demonstrated differences in the initial cytoarchitectural changes of radiation injury and in radiation sensitivity. The cell sites or cell organelles which exhibited the earliest radiation lesion were the Golgi body and endoplasmic reticulum in the mucoid cells, cell membrane in the parietal cells, endoplasmic reticulum in the chief cells, and secretory granules in the endocrine cells. Cells demonstrating the highest sensitivity to X‐ray were surface and pit cells, followed by pyloric gland cells or mucous neck cells, parietal cells, and chief cells with endocrine cells showing the highest radiation resistance. These observations suggest a close relationship of ultrastructural alteration of radiation effects to not only the presence or absence of cell division, the degree of cells differentiation, and cell function but also to the development of cell organelle.The pyloric mucosa was the gastric region which demonstrated the greatest radiation cell damage, and only in the mucoid cells could be observed radiation induced mitotic inhibition or delay and giant cell formation due to the injury of cell division.
THE METABOLIC EFFECT OF PYRIDINOLCARBAMATE IN RATS
Authors: Mrhova Olga , Shimamoto Takio , Numano Fujio 
Published: December 2008

The effect of peroral application of pyrldinolcarbamate (30 mg/kg/day) was studied in rats which were kept either on a standard laboratory diet, or on a diet containing a large amount of fat (40%) and cholesterol (5%). PDC significantly increased the lactate dehydrogenase activity in the aortae of rats kept on a standard diet, and the malate dehydrogenase activity in the aortae of rats kept on high‐fat diet.In experiments in vitro, PDC increased the activity of the aortic lactate and malate dehydrogenase. This effect was most pronounced at higher concentrations of PDC in the incubation medium (3000μg/ml). In the rat myocardium, activity of the enzymes studies was not noticeable influenced by PDC administration. Under the given experimental conditions, pyrldinolcarbamate increased the activity of enzymes participating in the citrate cycle and glycolysis. In view of the present knowledge of the role of the vascular wall metabolism in atherogenesls, this effect could contribute to greater resistance of the vessel wall against the development of atherosclerotic changes.
EXPERIMENTAL PRODUCTION OF LYMPHOID FOLLICLES IN THYMUS BY HORSERADISH PEROXIDASE
Authors: Habu Sonoko 
Published: December 2008

The lymphoid follicles identical with those in the lymph node, were produced in the thymus of guinea pigs by intrathymic injection of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) with or without Freund's complete adjuvant, mixed vaccine or salmonella vaccine.A part of the injected tracer antigen, HRP persisted in the inflammatory region in the vicinity of the lymphoid follicles through the course of the experiment. Anti‐HRP antibody producing cells were found around lymphoid follicles, but not in the germinal centers. It was confirmed from serial histological sections that most of the lymphoid follicles were situated in the medullointerlobular fusing portion. The accumulated lymphocytes around the lymphoid follicle as well as those of lymph nodes and the spleen were negative for Alp activity, while the lymphocytes showed intensive Alp activity in the cortex and slight in the medulla.It might be concluded that the formation of thymic lymphoid follicle and antibody‐producing cells requires participation of the thymic cells In the medulla and extrathymlc cells in the region where antigens were retained for a long time.
A STUDY ON THE INVASIVE GROWTH OF MALIGNANT TUMORS
Authors: Machinami Rikuo 
Published: December 2008

The invasive growth of Yoshida sarcoma and Yoshida ascites hepatoma into the rat articular cartilage was examined by light and electron microscopy.The tumor cells were inoculated into the articular spaces of Donryu strain rats and the animals were killed at various intervals ranging from one to seven days.The cells which appeared on the growing fringes of the tumors in the cartilage were mostly tumor cells, yet neutrophils, macrophages, red blood cells, chondrocytes and a closed capillary were also found. In a rare case in which invasion of the cartilage took place from the bone marrow side, osteoclasts could be seen. Phagolysosomes were prominent in the macrophages, while few of them were found in the tumor cells and other cells except for neutrophils. It was suggested that mesenchymal reaction of host induced by tumor cells played an important role in the invasive growth of malignant tumors into the cartilage.
HYPERESTROGENISM BY TRANSPLANTABLE PULMONARY TUMORS OF MICE
Authors: Mizushima Mutsue 
Published: December 2008

Spontaneous pulmonary tumors (PT3 and PT4) originating in A strain of mice were serially transplanted and their hosts were examined biologically and morphologically.Hyperestrogenism in the hosts was observed by vaginal smear method during some period of serial transplantation, and changes of the visceral organs related to the hyperestrogenism (atrophy of the male sex organs, feminization of the salivary glands and kidneys of males) were observed in the host animals.Morphological findings of the tumors changed from tubular adenocarcinoma to anaplastic carcinoma with increase of transfer generations, and also the survival period of mice was shortened. Hyperestrogenism was observed when the tumors were partially undifferentiated histologically.Extraction of gonadotropin from the tumors was performed with negative result. The mechanism of hyperestrogenism might be a production of estrogen by the tumors.