bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Total proteins and 11S protein fraction (Helianthinin) of sunflower seed (Helianthus annuus L.) — Effect of acetylation and succinylation
Authors: Venktesh Aruna , Prakash V. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractThe total proteins and helianthinin (11S) from sunflower seeds were chemically modified by acetylation and succinylation. The extent of acetylation of the total proteins and helianthinin were 12%, 51%, 52%, 56% and 12%, 36%, 69%, 71%, respectively, while the extent of succinylation were 8%, 21%, 33%, 49% and 10%, 30%, 44%, 61%, respectively. The extent of modification was monitored by the availability of free lysyl residues in the proteins. The ultraviolet absorption maximum shifted to higher wavelengths in total proteins and in helianthinin; there was also an increase in absorbance in the 260 nm wavelength, as a function of increased chemical modification. The sedimentation velocity profile indicated the dissociation of the proteins to low molecular weight fraction (2S) through a 7S component. The dissociation occurred at low modification levels in both total proteins and in helianthinin. There was a gradual red shift and quenching in the fluorescence emission maximum at higher modification levels indicating the denaturation of the proteins as a result of this chemical modification. The change in absorbance as a function of temperature indicates minor changes suggesting that the conformation of the proteins is already altered to significant extents due to the chemical modification.
Biochemical and toxicological studies on the effect of high and low erucic acid rapeseed oil on rats
Authors: Badawy I. H. , Atta B. , Ahmed W. M. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractRats were fed on diets containing rapeseed oil, either containing low or high erucic acid content as well as the hydrogenated ones for 6 weeks. Body weight gain, biochemical and pathological parameters were investigated. The data showed high body weight gain for rats fed diets containing low erucic rape oil (LERo) compared with those fed either the high erucic rape oil (HERo), the hydrogenated or the partially hydrogenated oil diets. All rats showed non significant changes for total lipids, total cholesterol, GPT and GOT, except the partially hydrogenated rape oil diet which showed significant decrease for total cholesterol. Alkaline phosphatase however showed a significant decrease, while plasma phospholipids showed significant increase in rats fed on the hydrogenated oil diet. Triglycerides indicated non significant increase except in the group that received low erucic rape oil diet. Histopathological study showed changes in all tissues examined (liver and kidney).
Aluminium content in tea leaves and in differently prepared tea infusions
Authors: Rao K. S. Jagannatha 
Published: November 2006

AbstractAluminium content of tea leaves has been engaging the attention during recent years because of its uptake in the form of beverages such as tea. Hence, data were generated on the Al content in tea and its infusions, using an inductively coupled plasma spectrometer. The average values of Al in fresh tea leaves and commercial tea powders were 250 and 325 μg/g dry wt, respectively. Tea infusions contained 20–80 μg/g of Al. Al complexes with tea components like tannic acid and theoflavins were studied and stability characteristics as well as the nature of the complexes were computed.
Isolation of faba bean legumin — a comparative study of various methods
Authors: Schwenke K. D. , Dudek Steffi , Seifert A , Mothes R. , Staatz Antoma 
Published: November 2006

AbstractDifferent methods of legumin isolation from faba beans were compared with regard to the removal of vicilin taking into consideration the additional influence of variety. SDS‐PAGE, analytical ultracentrifugation and SE‐HPLC were used for the analysis of protein composition. SDS‐PAGE analysis of the isolated legumin samples revealed, that neither combined salt fraction/isoelectric precipitation nor heating to 73 °C resulted in a complete removal of vicilin. Time‐consuming isoelectric zonal precipitation and heating at 83 °C as described by Schlesier et al. (Biochem. Physiol. Pflanzen 180 (1985) 225) provides legumin preparations free of vicilin in low yields. Acceptable yields in shorter time were obtained by combining isoelectric precipitation/salt fractionation with Schlesier's procedure. SDS‐PAGE analysis showed a certain dependence on variety of the patterns of legumin α‐polypeptide chains.
Bioactive peptides derived from milk proteins. Structural, physiological and analytical aspects
Authors: Schlimme E. , Meisel H. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractThe primary function of dietary proteins is to supply the body adequately with indispensable amino acids and organic nitrogen. Little attention has been paid up to date to milk proteins, in particular caseins, that are currently the main source of biologically active peptides, although other animal as well as vegetable proteins are known to contain potentially bioactive sequences. Such regulatory peptides can be released by enzymatic proteolysis of caseins in vitro and in vivo and may act as potential physiological modulators of metabolism during the intestinal digestion of the diet. It has been proved that bioactive peptides derived from caseins, such as β‐casomorphins and phosphopeptides, can be released during gastrointestinal passage. It is also evident that peptides originating from food proteins should be taken into account as potential modulators of various regulatory processes in the body. The possible regulatory effects concern nutrient uptake (phosphopeptides, casomorphins), postprandial hormone secretion (casomorphins), immune defense (immunopeptides, casokinins, casomorphins) and neuroendocrine information transfer (casokinins).The advances in the research field of bioactive peptides are driven by a molecular understanding of biological processes, and analytical techniques are a critical component of this understanding. Different up‐to‐date methods, including peptide synthesis and immunochemistry, have been applied to the chemical characterization of bioactive peptides.Especially casein derived peptides have already found interesting applications, both as dietary supplements (phosphopeptides) and as pharmaceutical preparations (phosphopeptides, β‐casomorphins). The question of'what kinds of bioactive peptides are beneficial and desirable as food constituents or as drugs' should be always carefully examined. However, the possibilities for the design of dietary products and ‘natural’ drugs look promising.
Identification and preliminary characterization of strains of enterococci and micrococci isolated from Arzúa raw cows'‐milk cheese
Authors: Centeno J. A. , Cepeda A. , Rodríguez‐Otero J. L. 
Published: November 2006

Abstract152 enterococcal isolates and 88 micrococcal isolates obtained from secondary microflora of Arzúa raw cows'‐milk cheese at various stages of ripening were characterized. The most frequent Enterococcus specie was E. faecalis. The most frequent Micrococcus specie was M. varians, followed by M. luteus and M. lylae; 27 micrococcal isolates could not be assigned to species. Although most strains of micrococci did not cause appreciable acidification of milk, the proportions of micrococcal isolates displaying proteolytic and lipolytic activities were higher than those for enterococcal isolates. The biochemical and enzymatic characteristics of isolates from both groups displayed considerable variability, even within the same species. In screening microorganisms of this type for suitability as components of cheese starter cultures, it is therefore necessary, as has been pointed out by previous authors, to work with single strains.
Bestimmung von Methylglyoxal in Karamel‐Proben
Authors: Örsi F. , Homoki P. , Phong Vu Nam 
Published: November 2006

AbstractVerschieden konzentrierte wäßrige Fructose‐Lösungen (Molenbruch 0,1–1) wurden in Zeitintervallen von 5 bis 80 min bei einer Temperatur von 130 bis 150 °C erhitzt und das sich dabei bildende Methylglyoxal bestimmt. Methylglyoxal bildet mit o‐Phenylendiamin das Derivat 3‐Methylchinoxalin und zeigt eine Absorption im UV‐Bereich. Nach der Separierung und Standardisierung mittels HPLC besteht die Möglichkeit, den Gehalt an Methylglyoxal aus dem Derivat mit einen UV‐Detektor zu bestimmen. Nach ersten Ergebnissen war die Menge an Methylglyoxal zu gering, wahrscheinlich ist es an weiteren Reaktionen beteiligt. In der Folge wurde eine Fruktose‐Lösung mit einem Zusatz an o‐Phenylendiamin in einer solchen Menge erhitzt, die ausreicht, um alles Methylglyoxal zu 3‐Methylchinoxalin umzusetzen. Während der Untersuchungen wurde die Konzentration an Methylglyoxal unter den Bedingungen der Karamelisierung in wärmebehandelter D‐Fructose gemessen und die kinetischen Parameter des Prozesses ermittelt. Es wurde festgestellt, daß unter diesen Bedingungen die Bildung von Methylglyoxal in erhitzten Fructose‐Lösungen gemäß einer Reaktion 1,5ter Ordnung erfolgt und die Aktivierungsenergie dabei 0,5 kJ/mol beträgt.
Effect of intake of exogenous vitamins C, E and β‐carotene on the antioxidative status in kidneys of rats with streptozotocin‐induced diabetes
Authors: Mekiňová D. , Chorváthová V. , Volkovová K. , Staruchová M. , Graňičová E. , Klvanová J. , Ondreič R. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractWe studied the effect of supplementation with vitamins C, E and β‐carotene (PARABION, produced by Syndipharma) on antioxidative status in kidneys of male Wistar rats with diabetes induced by intravenous application of streptozotocin (45 mg. kg−1 of body weight). The animals received subtherapeutic doses of Insulin Interdep (6U. kg−1 of body weight). A significant decrease of malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced (GSH) and oxidized (GSSG) glutathione and reduction of the activities of Se‐glutathione peroxidase (Se‐GSH‐PX, EC. 1.11.1.9.) and glutathione S‐transferase (GST, EC. 2.5.1.18.) were observed in kidneys of diabetic rats treated with these vitamins. On the contrary, the activity of CuZn‐superoxide dismutase (CuZn‐SOD, EC. 1.15.1.1.) and the level of vitamin C (vit. C) increased significantly. No changes were observed for vitamin E (vit. E), β‐carotene and catalase (CAT, EC. 1.11.1.6.).Supplementation with vitamins C, E and β‐carotene resulted in an improvement of antioxidative status of kidneys of rats with streptozotocin‐induced diabetes.
High performance liquid chromatographic detection of a strongly retained pigment fraction in Capsicum annuum
Authors: Cserháti Tibor , Forgács Esther , Kiss Veronika 
Published: November 2006

AbstractA new colour pigment fraction was detected in Capsicum annuum by high performance liquid chromatography. Surprisingly the pigment was strongly bound both to silica and octadecylsilica surfaces indicating that its molecular mass is probably high. Peak purity tests proved that the fraction is not homogeneous and the degree of inhomogeneity depends on the wavelength used for the peak purity test. The spectra taken at one minute intervals of the peak were strikingly different supporting the above conclusions. It is possible that this highly lipophilic pigment is a secondary product of the ripening and processing procedures and is a mixture of individual pigments covalently bound to each other.
Observations on natural factors influencing resistance of faba bean seeds to storage insect pests
Authors: Fornal Łucja , Ciepielewska Dolores 
Published: November 2006

AbstractThe effect of natural content of tannins and other phenolic compounds in faba bean seeds hull on the infestation by some store pests was investigated. The hull, particularly the content of phenolic compounds, does not influence the infestation and reproduction of Tribolium destructor and Trogoderma granarium. More sensitive to phenols seem to be the species Sitophilus oryzae and Oryzaephilus surinamensis. These results do not markedly confirm the checking effect of phenols on the degree of the infestation of faba beans by stored pests.
Trans fatty acids: Implications for health, analytical methods, incidence in edible fats and intake
Authors: Precht D. , Molkentin J. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractTrans fatty acids (TFA) are supposed to be related to a variety of physiological effects. Numerous studies in this field are gathered and compared, which mainly deal with the influences on lipoprotein levels in plasma and their effects with regard to coronary heart diseases. Furthermore, the analytical accessibility of trans fatty acids by different methods is presented. Thus, the most reliable method for an exact quantitation of trans fatty acids in edible fats is the combination of Ag‐TLC with GC. The contents of TFA, in particular trans‐octadecenoic acids, in bovine and human milk fat, in partially hydrogenated vegetable fats and oils as well as in processed food from different countries, determined in numerous studies, are summarized. Especially results on the isomeric distribution of positional isomers of trans‐octadecenoic acid may be of future interest, since negative metabolic activities might only originate from certain isomers. Finally, intake rates of TFA in several countries are presented. It can be concluded that there still is need for further nutritional studies and that the discussion about TFA should not neglect the comparison with the saturated fatty acids C12, C14 and C16.
Changes in phenol oxidase and peroxidase levels in cocoyam tubers of different postharvest ages infected by Sclerotium rolfsii sacc
Authors: Ohazurike N. C. , Arinze A. E. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractCrude aqueous extracts from the peripheral rot zone of cocoyam tubers infected by Sclerotium rolfsii sacc were shown to be inhibitory to dialysed in vivo polygalacturonase (PG) of the pathogen. The PG inhibitory action, phenol oxidase and peroxidase activities were higher in cocoyam tubers of the Xanthosoma sagittifolium varieties than in those of the Coolocasia esculenta varieties. The levels of phenol oxidase, peroxidase and PG inhibitory activities also decreased as the postharvest age of the tubers increased.
Simultanbestimmungsmethode für die toxikologisch relevanten Elemente Blei, Cadmium und Nickel mittels Graphitrohr‐Atomabsorptionsspektrometrie (GF‐AAS)
Authors: Gottelt U. , Henrion G. , Kalähne R. , Stoyke M. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractEine neue Generation von Graphitrohr‐Atomabsorptionsspektrometern ermöglicht die simultane Bestimmung mehrerer Spurenelemente. Mittels eines optimierten Temperatur‐Zeit‐Programmes der Veraschung und Atomisierung, des Einsatzes der Smith‐Hieftje‐Untergrundkorrektur und der Anwendung von Matrixmodifiern gelingt es, Pb, Cd und Ni in einem Arbeitsgang zu analysieren. Die erreichten Nachweisgrenzen der erarbeiteten Methode von 0,039 mg Pb, 0,006 mg Cd und 0,022 mg Ni je kg Probe erlauben die Bestimmung dieser Elemente in Böden, Futter‐ und Lebensmitteln. Diese Nachweisgrenzen sind ausreichend für die Beurteilung von Lebensmitteln entsprechend den Richtlinien der Zentralen Erfassungs‐ und Bewertungsstelle für Umweltchemikalien des Bundesgesundheitsamtes. Der Zeitaufwand und die Kosten können mit der neuen Multielementbestimmung, im Vergleich zur herkömmlichen Einelement‐AAS, erheblich reduziert werden.
Semi‐preparative isolation of phosphopeptides derived from bovine casein and dephosphorylation of casein phosphopeptides
Authors: Goepfert A. , Meisel H. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractSemi‐preparative isolation of casein phosphopeptides (CPP) from a tryptic hydrolysate of bovine casein was performed applying a three‐step procedure consisting of solid phase extraction, reversed phase HPLC and ion exchange chromatography. Dephosphorylation of CPP was achieved using immobilized alkaline phosphatase. The purified phosphopeptides and their dephosphorylated forms obtained by these methods are suitable for comparative studies on biological activities, especially mineral binding and immunmodulation.
Processing of marjoram (Majorana hortensis Moench.) and rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.). Effect of blanching methods on quality
Authors: Singh Meenakshi , Raghavan B. , Abraham K. O. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractMarjoram and rosemary are herbs which are valued for their flavour and colour. The use of microwave in blanching and drying is becoming more and more popular in recent years. This paper reports the effect of microwave blanching as compared to water and steam blanching on the volatile oil, colour, texture (by compression), chlorophyll and ascorbic acid contents of these herbs. There was maximum retention of ascorbic acid in microwave blanched marjoram and rosemary (21.5, 33.0 mg/100 g) i.e. 79.4% and 49.9% compared to fresh herbs. Blanching resulted in better retention of the original green colour of the fresh herb compared to direct drying of the herbs. Texture of microwave blanched herbs improved as revealed by higher compression force values (109.3, 157.8 N). However, there was greater loss of volatile oil in all the blanched samples.
Keeping qualities of potato chips flavoured with kebab and salt
Authors: Fadel H. H. M. , Abdel‐Mageed Magda A. , Gad A. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractThe volatile components from kebab flavour used in dusting potato chips were isolated by continuous steam distillation extraction (SDE) method. Sixteen volatile components were identified by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) technique. The main constituents were aldehydes, hydrocarbons, thiophenes and fatty acids.Two potato chips samples, one flavoured with salt and the other with the kebab flavour, were stored for six months at room temperature. The aroma of each sample was isolated before and after storage. The results showed that the most contributor components to potato chips aroma were decreased by storage while the components which are responsible for rancid flavour were increased in the two samples, but with better results for the sample flavoured with salt.
Efficiency of some technological processes on reducing the residues of malathion and pirimiphos methyl in mature broad bean seeds
Authors: Kamil M. E.‐D. M. , Abou‐Zahw M. M. , Hegazy N. A. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractResidue study was performed on several insecticides which could contaminate local Egyptian beans. The effect of storage periods and various processing steps on lowering the residues of malathion and pirimiphos methyl in treated seeds and their processed products were investigated.The data indicated that malathion and pirimiphos methyl persisted for more than 90 days on and in stored mature dry broad beans after postharvest treatment. However, stored broad beans could be safely used for human consumption after 90 days when the insecticide residues reached safe levels. Washing removed 69 and 75% of malathion and pirimiphos methyl residues of treated broad beans, respectively. Malathion residue was not detected in various processed products. More than 89 and 99% of malathion residues were absent in dehulled and heated dehulled broad beans. In addition, pirimiphos methyl residues were reduced to 92, 97, 87, 99, 99, and 95% from the initial levels in treated beans following dehulling, cooking of dehulled beans, germination, cooking of germinated beans and cooking of the beans by the common method and under pressure, respectively.
Ernährungsphysiologische Bedeutung von Molke und Molkenbestandteilen
Authors: Barth C. A. , Behnke U. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractAusgehend von positiven Wirkungen bei Molkentrinkkuren im Altertum, im Mittelalter und in der Neuzeit wird aus heutiger Sicht über die ernährungsphysiologische Bedeutung der Molke berichtet. Die Eiweiße sind wesentliche Bestandteile der Molke und zählen auf Grund ihrer Aminosäuren‐Zusammensetzung zu den biologisch hochwertigsten Proteinen. Sie weisen daneben wesentliche funktionelle Eigenschaften auf, die in Form verschiedener Molkenprodukte (Pulver, Proteinkonzentrate und ‐isolate) einen vielseitigen Einsatz in Lebensmitteln, Diätlebensmitteln und Getränken ermöglichen. Die Molkenproteine haben in der Säuglingsernährung als molkenproteinangereicherte Diäten sowie bei Kuhmilchprotein‐Intoleranz als Molkenprotein‐Partialhydrolysate ein bedeutendes Einsatzgebiet. Aktuelle Forschungsthemen sind biologisch aktive Peptidsequenzen, die bei der Verdauung wirksam werden und auf Sekretionsvorgänge von Enterohormonen sowie als Immunmodulatoren eine Rolle spielen. Sie können dazu betragen, den biologischen Wert der Molkenproteine unter erweiterten Gesichtspunkten zu beurteilen und neue Ersatzformen und ‐gebiete zu erschließen. Auf weitere Anwendungen (z. B. bei Adipositas, Gicht, Niereninsuffizienz) wird hingewiesen. Hinsichtlich der mengenmäßig in Molke dominierenden Lactose wird auf ihre Bedeutung für die gesunde Entwicklung des Säuglings (Anpassung an den erhöhten Gehalt in der Muttermilch) sowie auf Lactoseintoleranz und Galactosämie eingegangen. Bei den Mineralstoffen werden die hohe Nährstoffdichte für Calcium (Prophylaxe für Osteoporose), die günstigen Ca: P und K: Na Verhältnisse (Blutdrucksenkung bei letzterem), die Förderung der Mineralstoffresorption durch Lactose sowie der hohe Iodgehalt der Molke behandelt. Die Molke ist reich an B‐Vitaminen, die bei entsprechendem Verzehr zu deren Bedarfsdekkung wesentlich beiträgt. Hervorzuheben ist das Vitamin B12 in Milch und Molke, das bei lacto‐ovo‐vegetarischer Ernährung die einzige Quelle dieser für die Blutbildung und Zellteilung unerläßlichen Nährstoffs ist. Abschließend wird eine ernährungsmedizinische Bewertung der Molke vorgenommen.
Effect of high‐fat cholesterol enriched diets on hypolipemic action of Oenothera paradoxa oil in rats. Part 2. Blood serum and liver fatty acids
Authors: Grajeta Halina , Biernat Jadwiga 
Published: November 2006

AbstractThe effect of Oenothera paradoxa oil on blood serum and liver fatty acids composition in rats was studied. Rats were fed high‐fat diets containing 15% of lard or sunflower oil with or without 0.5% of cholesterol. Soybean protein isolate (27%) was the source of proteins. Intake of Oe. paradoxa oil resulted in increase of levels of gamma‐linolenic acid (GLA) and linoleic acid (LA) in blood serum and liver of experimental animals. The effect of Oe. paradoxa oil on blood serum and liver fatty acids composition depended mainly on the type and to the lower degree on the amount of fat in a diet. The addition of cholesterol did not change the influence of examined oil on the composition of fatty acids.
Plant foods in the management of Diabetes mellitus: Vegetables as potential hypoglycaemic agents
Authors: Platel Kalpana , Srinivasan K. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractVegetables are among the numerous plant adjuncts tried for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. A few vegetables that are commonly consumed in India have been claimed to possess antidiabetic potency. In recent years, there has been a renewed interest to screen such plant food materials, for a possible beneficial use. Considerable amount of work has been carried out in this regard with bitter gourd (Momordica charantia) and ivy gourd (Coccinia indica) both in experimental animals and human diabetic subjects. Majority of these studies have documented the beneficial effect of the fruit of bitter gourd and leaf of ivy gourd when administered orally as a single dose. The hypoglycaemic influence is claimed to be mediated through an insulin secretagogue effect or through an influence on enzymes involved in glucose metabolism. The limited number of studies on other vegetables such as cabbage (Brassica oleracia), green leafy vegetables, beans and tubers have shown the beneficial hypoglycaemic influence in both experimental animals and humans. There is scope for more extensive research in this area, especially to examine the long term beneficial effect of dietary vegetables, to identify the active principle, and to understand the mechanism of action, which is at present unclear. Since diet forms the mainstay in the management of diabetes mellitus, there is scope for exploiting the anti‐diabetic potency of vegetables to the maximum extent. Such plant food adjuncts possessing hypoglycaemic activity appear to hold promise as potential antidiabetic agents.