bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In Defense of Genuine Ignorance: Supporting Vitality and Relevance in Graduate Curricula
Authors: Goren Suzanne , Peter Lori , Fischer Stacie 
Published: August 2007

Genuine ignorance, defined by John Dewey as curiosity and openmindedness in opposition to repetition of catch phrases and familiar propositions, is nurtured in graduate nursing curricula in which the educational process is congruent with course content. Preparation for advanced practice in the mental health environment of the foreseeable future requires abandonment of the familiar medical model in favor of conceptual models consistent with current thinking in psychiatric nursing and exposure to current problems (homelessness, family violence, AIDS) and current problem solving strategies (brief treatment, family preservation). Involvement in practice‐based research and operationalizing new perspectives on familiar clinical problems, are suggested as strategies for developing the advanced practitioner. Two of the authors, former graduate students, describe the impact of changed perspectives and research activity on their own practice.Genuine ignorance is profitable because it is likely to be accompanied by humility, curiosity, and openmindedness, whereas ability to repeat catch phrases, cant terms, and familiar propositions, gives the conceit of learning and coats the mind with varnish waterproof to new ideas.           John Dewey
Clinical Forum
Authors: Delaney Kathleen Ryan 
Published: August 2007

Clinical Forum presents brief reports on discussion of clinical issues or innovative practices, ideas, and programs.Bedtime on children's inpatient units taxes a staff's patience and energy. Many children are pressing their needs with great urgency. Unfortunately, by late evening staff members are frequently depleted and not emotionally available to the children. Inpatient nurses can address this situation by developing bedtime programs that focus on the particular nighttime needs of disturbed children. The Author details such a bedtime program and describes why it has been successful in helping patients get undisturbed sleep.
Child Bereavement After Paternal Suicide
Authors: Grossman Janet A. , Clark David C. , Gross Deborah , Halstead Lois , Pennington James 
Published: August 2007

BACKGROUND. Studies of child suicide survivors are rare and often these studies have not included direct interviews with children.OBJECTIVES. To describe the bereavement process in a sample of prepubertal children whose fathers died by suicide within the previous three years.METHODS. Sixteen prepubertal children, their mothers, and a relative or caretaker were interviewed to examine grief, trauma, and behavior within 25 months of paternal suicide.RESULTS. Reminiscing was the most frequently endorsed grief behavior. Males were more likely than females to score above the standard means for CBCL scores. PTSD scores were significantly related to parental threats of divorce and exposure to death by discovery of the body.CONCLUSIONS. The concept of grief and trauma as separate and overlapping phenomena is supported by the study findings.
Menstrual Attitudes Among Black and White Premenarcheal Girls
Authors: Dashiff Carol J. , Buchanan Lillian A. 
Published: August 2007

PROBLEM. To determine if a difference exists between black and white fifth‐grade girls' attitudes about menarche and menstruation.METHODS. The Menstrual Attitude Questionnaire‐Adolescent Form (Brooks‐Gunn & Ruble, 1980) was used to collect data from 55 premenarcheal females, ages 10‐12 years.FINDINGS. The findings indicated no difference between black and white girls in Affirmation or Worry. Like older samples, the girls were moderate in affirmation. Unlike older samples, they evidenced less worry.CONCLUSION. Analysis of the instrument used in this study raises questions in general regarding its use as originally developed. In addition, specific questions were raised about its use with different cultural groups.
Selection and Use of Clinical Rating Instruments in Child Psychiatric Nursing
Authors: Scahill Lawrence , Ort Sharon I. 
Published: August 2007

TOPIC. The selection of appropriate clinical rating instruments and integration of their findings in child psychiatric nursing practice may not be clear.PURPOSE. To offer guidance concerning the selection and application of clinical rating instrumentsSOURCES. A review of recent literature of commonly used parent and teacher checklists, clinician‐rated instruments, structured diagnostic interviews, and child self‐reports.CONCLUSION. Clinical rating scales have an important place in clinical practice and research in child and adolescent psychiatric settings. Selecting an appropriate instrument depends on the purpose, developmental level of the child, and expertise of the clinician—and requires careful consideration.
What Maintains the Myth of the Wicked Stepmother?
Authors: Campbell A. Laura 
Published: August 2007

TOPIC. A critical analysis of the myth of the wicked stepmother, its origins and social purposes, as well as factors that influence the myth and contribute to its maintenance.PURPOSE. To explore the myth of the wicked stepmother as represented in literature for professionals, parents, and children regarding the dynamics of relationships between children and stop‐parents.SOURCES. Published literature and clinical observations.CONCLUSIONS. •A cyclical process can be identified by reviewing the influence of myth on relationships between stepchildren and stepmothers as well as the influence of stepfamily relationships on the maintenance of myth.• Solutions for stepfamily relationships require broader possibilities than the dichotomous answers provided by myth.• Answers to many of the questions raised concerning the complexities of stepfamily life require an increased focus on clinical research.
Teaching Kids to Cope: A Preventive Mental Health Nursing Strategy for Adolescents
Authors: Puskar Kathryn R. , Lamb Jacqueline , Tusaie‐Mumford Kathleen 
Published: August 2007

TOPIC.The theoretical base, implementation, and effectiveness of Teaching Kids to Cope (TKCO).PURPOSE.To inforin clinicians about the benefits nnd uses of TKCO, a 10‐week psychoeducational group interziention designed to enhance the coping repertoire of adolescents.SOURCE.Authors' clinical experience.CONCLUSIONS.Follozuing the TKCO intervention, students demonstrated less depressive symptomatology and improved coping behaviors. Further research is needed to test the intervention on a larger group and to determine its effectiveness.
Management of the Resistant Adolescent in the Milieu
Authors: Pearson Geraldine S. , Billian Cheryle , Delaney Kathleen R. 
Published: August 2007

This column represents the first case study and discussion in a ntw JCAPN feature that will appear in the journal from time to time. The column will spotlight specific nursing care problems and subsequent intmentions for a variety of patient populations. The discussion that follows each case study will enhance the depth of the amlysis and lend a theoretical spin to the clinical intervention.All clientlpatient names and situations are altered to preserve confidentiality. Readers are urged to submit cases that exemplify a nursing care problem or intervention. Discussants will be chosen for their expertise in the subject material.
“Sometimes You Don't Feel Ready to Be an Adult or a Mom:” The Experience of Adolescent Pregnancy
Authors: Lesser Janna , Anderson Nancy L. R. , Koniak‐Griffin Deborah 
Published: August 2007

PROBLEM. To obtain a description of pregnant adolescents' responses to the preparation for motherhood class curriculum. METHODS. The design of this study was based in the anthropological tradition of qualitative research, ethnography; N= 36. FINDINGS. Within one category identified in this study, maternal role, three primary themes emerged: responsibility, respect, and reparation. CONCLUSIONS. The findings of this study indicate that for some adolescents, pregnancy implies a desire and an opportunity to heal childhood wounds if relevant psychotherapeutic interventions can be provided. Nurses can identib pregnant teens who are already suffering with depression and encourage them to seek counseling prior to the birtk of tkeir baby before they are experiencing the added stressors inherent in new motherhood.
Attention‐Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Neurodevelopmental Approach
Authors: Ludwikowski Kathleen , DeValk Marcia 
Published: August 2007

TOPIC. Attention‐deficitlhyperactivity disorder is frequently overdiagnosed when a complete evaluation by a knowledgeable clinician is not undertaken. Because of the recent negative media campaign regarding psychos t im ulan t medication, it becomes more imperative that a thorough and accurate evaluation be completed before starting children and adolescents on psychostimulant medications. PURPOSE. To describe the neurodevelopmental perspective in the assessment and treatment of ADHD. SOURCES. Published literature and clinical experience. CONCLUSION. It is useful in practice to conceptualize the dmelopmental path of children with ADHD not as disordered but as delayed, and to build on each child's strengths. The neurodmeloprnental approach provides the child psychiatric nurse a child‐focused framework for assessment and development of individualized interventions.
Perceived Self‐Care Capabilities of Abused/Neglected and NonabusedjNon‐neglected Pregnant, Low‐Socioeconomic Adolescents
Authors: Warren Jacquelyn Kay 
Published: August 2007

PURPOSE. The piirpose of this study was to determine zuhether abused and nonabused pregl‐iant, low‐socioeconomic adolescents differ in regard to perceived self‐care capabilities. SAMPLE. The sample (N= 36) consisted of 18 abusedlneglected and 2 8 nonabusedlnon‐neglected adolescents. DATA ANALYSIS. The adolescents' responses on the Denyes Self‐care Agency lizstrument zuere analyzed to determine significant differences between the two groups regarding self‐care agency. FINDINGS. Significant differences Were found between the tzuo groups in regard to perceived relative valuing of health and perceived attention to health. CONCLUSIONS. Alfhough abused adolescents had a higher level of relative valuing of health and lower attention to health than their nonabused counterparts, findings show that both groups are capable of performing self‐care and should be encouraged to do so.
An Eating Disorders Prevention Program
Authors: Chally Pamela S. 
Published: August 2007

PROBLEM. To develop, implement, and evaluate a school personnel training program on eating disorders. METHODS. The pretest‐posttest control group design zuas used to examine effects of this training with 117 high school personnel. Both experimental (n= 85) and control (n= 32) groups were given a pretest and a posttest on knowledge and attitudes. The experimental group participated in a training program. Both groups zuere asked to keep a 3‐month count of students at risk for eating disorders. FINDINGS. Results included a significant difference in knowledge between the experimental and control groups. School personnel in the experimental group were more likely to identify students at risk for developing eating disorders. CONCLUSIONS. Training school personnel to identify students at risk for eating disorders holds promise as a strategy for dealing with this disease. All at‐risk students for eating disorders should be further evaluated and additional treatment initiated as needed.
Time‐Out: An Overused and Misused Milieu Intervention
Authors: Delaney Kathleen 
Published: August 2007

TOPIC. The basic logic of the time‐out, its conceptual underpinnings, its misuse in inpatient psychiatry, and suggestions for appropriate application.PURPOSE. In the inpatient treatment setting, time‐outs can become an automatic response to any behavioral infraction. When this happens, time‐outs begin to lose their gectiveness because the interuention does not necessarily address the child's needs or the underlying mechanisms of the inappropriate behavior. They also can be misused when time‐outs escalate into a lengthy stay in a seclusion room. The author examines the dynamic underlying the misuse and overuse of the timeout.SOURCES. Personal observations and published literature.CONCLUSIONS. The time‐out is a useful tool, but only when employed with minded intent and understanding of how it is supposed to help the child.
Identification and Measurement of Maladaptive Behaviors in Preschool Children: Movement Toward a Preventive Model of Care
Authors: Seed Mary St. Jonn 
Published: August 2007

TOPIC. The early identification and intervention of maladaptive behaviors in preschool children as a precedent to the prevention of psychiatric disorders across the life span.PURPOSE. To inform clinicians of maladaptive behaviors in the preschool population and the current diagnostic classifications used.SOURCES. A developmental psychopathology perspective. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition, Diagnostic Classification: 0‐3, and the Child Behavior Checklist/2‐3 classification systems.CONCLUSIONS. Initial evidence indicates that maladaptive behaviors in preschool children can be predictive of later psychopathology. Further research is needed to refine and test the classification systems presented in order to identify and interuene with at‐risk preschool children.
Homeless Parents: Parenting Education to Prevent Abusive Behaviors
Authors: Gorzka Patricia A. 
Published: August 2007

PROBLEM. This study sought to measure the efects of a short‐term parenting course for homeless parents to decrease their parenting stress and potential for abusive parenting behaviors.SAMPLE. Nineteen homeless parents lived in a family emergency shelter for homeless families in Hillsborough County, FL. Their average length ofshelter stay was 3 weeks.METHODS. Residents were invited to participate in a parenting education course consisting of three 1‐hour classes weekly for 3 consecutive weeks. Class content focused on the parent, the child, and discipline. Subjects' potential for child abuse was measured with the Adult Adolescent Parenting Invent0 y and their parenting stress with the Parenting Stress Index. A quasi‐experimental prelposttest design was used, with a t test statistic at the .05 level of significance. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze selected demographic data.FINDINGS. Results revealed significant difuences in the scores of parenting stress originating from the child domain of the PSI and in the scores on the construct of unrealistic expectations of the child in the M I . Both scores had decreased on the posttest. CONCLUSIONS. Short‐term parenting education courses may be a useful intervention strategy.
Parental Murder and Suicide: Post‐Traumatic Stress Disorder in Children
Authors: Lovrin Mellen 
Published: August 2007

TOPIC. Post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) dingnosed in a 9‐year‐old who zuitnessed her parents' rnurdcr and suicidr.PURPOSE. To provide a historical ovmiezu of PTSD irz children in general and to discuss one case study irz particular.SOURCES. Personal obseniations and experiences, and a review of both classic and corztsnpora y literature in child psychiatry and developnental psychology.CONCLUSIONS. Supportiue psychotherapy for a traumatized child zoith clinical supmision for the caregiver showed evidence of the recovery process in one PTSD case study.
Beyond Cause and Effect: Some Thoughts on Researc and Practice in Child Psychiatric Nursing
Authors: Mohr Wanda K. 
Published: August 2007

TOPIC. A comprehensizve concqhd framework that informs about the complexity of childhood psychopathology.PURPOSE. To discuss the importance of a unifying conceptual framework and multiple partnerships in research and practice that can inform critical evmts and ejfects of intementions at various system levels in the treatment of children.SOURCES. Literature reviewCONCLUSIONS. The most informative research and intervention will occur by tising multiple measures and sources of information. As understanding of children and their problem in develoyment and in context grows, intmmtion research that zoill be both usefid, timely, and cost‐8ectiz)e inlist iizclude cross‐discipline teams of researchers and practitioners who will speak to these complexities.
Nurse‐Parent Relationship Building in Child Psychiatric Units
Authors: Scharer Kathleen 
Published: August 2007

PROBLEM. The role of nursing with parents in child psychiatric units has undergone significant change over the years. Historically, nurses had minimal contact with parents; more recently, the nurse work with parents has intensified.METHODS. A grounded theory study was undertaken to learn about the process of relationship building between nurses and parents on these units. Interviews and participant observation were used to collect data on 21 nurseparent interactions.FINDINGS. Two phases in the relationship, four patterns of interactions in the working phase, and factors that influence these relationships were identified.CONCLUSIONS. The results provide the practicing nurse with information that should facilitate engaging parents.
Peer Rejection and Neglect of Latency‐Age Children: Pathways and a Group Psychotherapy Model
Authors: Fopma‐Loy Joan 
Published: August 2007

TOPIC. Children's peer relations are one of the most powerful predictors of mental healthPROBLEMS. Peer rejection and neglect are associated with depression, academic problems, school withdrawal, and delinquency.PURPOSE. To provide brief introductions to models of social development and peer rejection, and to introduce a developmental‐group psychotherapy model for children experiencing peer neglect or rejection.SOURCES. Theoretical and empirical literature, as well as clinical experience.CONCLUSIONS. Early identification and intervention with children vulnerable to peer rejection are essential. Research addressing affective experiences of peer‐rejected children and the relationships between self‐perception and treatment outcomes is needed.
Factors Associated With Self‐Concept in Children With Asthma
Authors: McNelis Angela M. , Huster Gertrude A. , Michel Marti , Hollingsworth Judy , Eigen Howard , Austin Joan K. 
Published: August 2007

PURPOSE. To investigate the relationship of demographic asthma, family, and child factors with self‐concept in children with asthma.METHODS. Data were collected twice approximately 4 years apart from both the afected children and their mothers (N = 134) via interviews and self‐report questionnaire.FINDINGS. Children who demonstrated more negative attitudes toward their illness, had less satisfaction with family relationships, and used more negative coping behaviors had the poorest self‐concepts. Over time, the greatest improvement in self‐concept occurred in children whose attitudes and satisfaction with family relationships improved and whose use of negative coping behaviors decreased.CONCLUSIONS. Results suggest that some children with asthma, especially girls with severe asthma, appear to be at risk for poor self‐concept
Adolescent Depression: Important Facts That Matter
Authors: Pullen Lisa M. , Modrcin‐McCarthy Mary Anne , Graf Ellen V. 
Published: August 2007

PURPOSE. To determine if there are differences in adolescent depression using variables of age, gender, smoking, and alcohol use.METHODS. A comparative, descriptive survey design was used. The adolescents (N = 217) completed either the Beck Depression Inventory or the Children's Depression Inventory and a demographic questionnaire.FINDINGS. The 15‐ to 2 6‐year‐olds (p = .016), females (p = .003), and smokers (p = .001) scored significantly higher than the 12‐ to 14‐year‐olds on depression. The 15‐ to 16‐year‐olds who used alcohol were found to be twice as depressed as the nonusers (p = .002). No significant differences were found in the 17‐ to 19‐year‐old age group.CONCLUSIONS. This study confirmed depression increased with age, in females, and with smokers. Nurses are in a unique position to provide interventions to promote healthy lifestyles and reduce the likelihood of depression and alcohol and nicotine abuse in adolescents.
Caregiver Understanding of Adolescent Development in Residential Treatment
Authors: Kools Susan , Spiers Jude 
Published: August 2007

PROBLEMCaretaker knowledge and understanding of adolescent development and its application to clinical practice with severely emotionally disturbed adolescents in residential treatment.METHODSTwenty child‐care workers and registered nurses participated in semistructured interviews analyzed using dimensional analysis, a grounded theory method.FINDINGSThree distinct categories of caregivers were identified based on level of expertise and engagement in developmentally appropriate treatment practices: inexperienced, party‐liners, and transcenders. Developmental issues identified included lack of resident preparation for puberty and staff discomfort with adolescent sexuality.CONCLUSIONSCaregiver, institutional, and social barriers to developmentally sensitive practice were identified. Practice recommendations include direct preparation of children and adolescents in residential treatment for pubertal changes and sexual development, and carefkl discernment of age‐appropriate and psycho‐pathological adolescent behaviors.
Survival Against Drugs: Education for School‐Age Children
Authors: Finke Linda , Williams Judy , Ritter Maroline , Kemper Diane , Kersey Susan , Nightenhauser Janet , Autry Kathaleen , Going Carla , Wulfman Gail , Hail Anna 
Published: August 2007

PROBLEM Alcohol and drug use of young school‐age children continue to escalate. Comprehensive, effective interventions are needed to treat and prevent future alcohol and drug use.METHODS The alcohol and drug use of 69 school‐age children participating in afterschool programs was explored; parents completed a family climate scale. An investigator‐developed educational program was evaluated for its effect on self‐efficacy of the children to prevent drug and alcohol use.FINDINGS Although family climate scales indicated functioning families, 25% of the children indicated they have used drugs or alcohol and 49% indicated a possible problem with alcohol or drugs being used at home by parents. A significant correlation with a child's self‐efficacy and drug use was found.CONCLUSIONS The educational program taught children survival skills to resist the use of alcohol and drugs. Children with a plan to resist the use of drugs were more likely not to use drugs.
Psychotherapeutic Treatment Outcomes in Grandparent‐Raised Children
Authors: Leder Sharon , Grinstead Linda Nicholson , Jensen Susan , Bond Linda 
Published: August 2007

PROBLEM Few studies have focused on grandparent‐raised children with behavioral/emotional problems. The present study examined the therapeutic progress of this population.METHODS Data from this descriptive, correlational study were obtained from records of 207 children who received treatment at a child treatment center. Instruments included the Progress Evaluation Scales (PES) and an investigator‐constructed tool.FINDINGS Children who had regular paternal contact, were younger when treatment started, and were raised by grandparents with adult partners had significantly more positive change in the PES scores.CONCLUSIONS More thorough clinical assessment of these reconfigured families will lead to improved mental health outcomes for children and will enhance clinical records as sources of research data.
Acute Stress Disorder in Children Related to Violence
Authors: Jonker Barbara , Hamrin Vanya 
Published: August 2007

TOPIC Unidentified and untreated acute stress responses in children may result in chronic post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), other serious psychiatric disorders, and/or developmental arrest.PURPOSE To review and identify gaps in current literature on acute stress disorder (ASD) in children and examine current treatments.SOURCES Review of the literature.CONCLUSIONS More developmentally appropriate, standardized measurement instruments are needed. Future research must focus on prospective studies of children exposed to trauma in order to better understand the association between ASD and PTSD. Future studies must include children at different developmental stages.