bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental and numerical studies of the effect of perforation configuration on heat transfer enhancement of pin fins heat sink
Authors: Alpha Ndah Abdulrahman , Aondover Iortyer Humphrey , Kuhe Aondoyila 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this study, experimental and computational studies of the impact of forced convective flow on the heat transfer characteristics of staggered pin fins with perforations are investigated in a rectangular channel at constant heat flux with Reynolds numbers (Re) of 2 × 103–12 × 103. In particular, cylindrical pin fins with circular longitudinal (L) perforation, longitudinal/transverse (LT) perforation, and longitudinal/transverse/vertical (LTV) perforation perforations are compared to solid pin fins to find out how adding different perforation arrays affects overall heat transfer performance and also to find the best perforation configuration for maximum performance. ANSYS‐FLUENT is employed for numerical simulation, validated by experimental data. Experimental validation is conducted by attaching the heat sink to a Peltier module, inducing heat generation through current on one face in the Armfield Free and Forced Convection Heat Transfer Service Units HT 19 and HT10XC. Results highlight significant increases in Nusselt number (Nu) for perforated pins compared to solid pins, with L perforations at 8%, LT perforations at 33%, and 67% for LTV perforated pins due to transverse perforations that act as slots, which stir up the primary flow and induce secondary flow generated by vertical perforations. Regarding pressure drops, L perforations reduce by 9%, LT by 19%, and LTV by 27% compared to solid pins. The overall enhancement ratio peaks at the minimum Reynold number, notably achieving a 38% increase in the LTV perforation pin fin array. This innovative study holds promise for diverse electronic applications, offering enhanced heat transfer performance in electronic cooling systems.
Investigating the association between the tissue expression of miRNA‐101, JAK2/STAT3 with TNF‐α, IL‐6, IL‐1β, and IL‐10 cytokines in the ulcerative colitis patients
Authors: Voshagh Qazaleh , Anoshiravani Amir , Karimpour Amin , Goodarzi Golnaz , Tehrani Sadra Samavarchi , Tabatabaei‐Malazy Ozra , Panahi Ghodratollah 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundUlcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease caused by numerous factors, such as immune system dysfunction and genetic factors. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in UC pathogenesis, particularly via the JAK‐STAT pathway. Our aim was to investigate the association between miRNA‐101 and JAK2‐STAT3 signaling pathway with inflammatory cytokines in UC patients.MethodsWe enrolled 35 UC patients and 35 healthy individuals as the control group, referred to Shariati Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Patients were diagnosed based on clinical, laboratory, histological, and colonoscopy criteria. RNA and protein extracted from tissue samples. Real‐time PCR was used to assess the expression levels of miRNA‐101, interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, and IL‐10 genes, while western blot was employed to measure levels of P‐STAT3, total STAT3, and JAK2 proteins.ResultsExpression of pro‐inflammatory cytokines TNF‐α, IL‐1β, and IL‐6 significantly increased, while the expression of IL‐10 significantly decreased in the case group versus controls. Additionally, miRNA‐101 expression was significantly higher in UC patients. A significant correlation between miRNA‐101 and IL‐6 expression was observed, indicating their relationship and possible impact on cell signaling pathways, JAK2‐STAT3. No significant changes were observed in phosphorylated and total STAT3 and JAK2 protein expression.ConclusionThis study provides evidence of increased miRNA‐101 expression in UC tissue, suggesting a potential correlation between miRNA‐101 and IL‐6 expression and their involvement in the JAK2‐STAT3 pathway. The study confirms alterations in UC patients' pro‐inflammatory cytokines and anti‐inflammatory IL‐10. However, further investigations are needed to understand the exact role of miRNA‐101 in UC pathogenesis fully.
Biopsy‐verified vulvar lichen sclerosus: Incidence trends 1997–2022 and increased risk of vulvar squamous precancer and squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Baandrup Louise , Hannibal Charlotte G. , Hertzum‐Larsen Rasmus , Kjær Susanne K. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPopulation‐based data on the epidemiology of vulvar lichen sclerosus (LS) are sparse and only few prospective studies have investigated the malignant potential of the disease. We used the nationwide Danish Pathology Registry to first assess the incidence of biopsy‐verified vulvar LS in the period 1997–2022 and second to examine the incidence of vulvar high‐grade squamous precancer and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in women with biopsy‐verified vulvar LS (1978–2019) compared with that expected in the general female population. For the latter aim, we computed standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). During our study period, the age‐standardized incidence rate of vulvar LS increased from 5.0 (1997–1998) to 35.7 (2021–2022) per 100,000 person‐years. Compared with the general female population, women with biopsy‐verified vulvar LS had significantly increased rates of vulvar high‐grade squamous precancer (SIR = 8.5; 95% CI: 7.2–10.0) and SCC (SIR = 16.2; 95% CI: 14.2–18.4). The SIRs of vulvar high‐grade squamous precancer and SCC did not vary substantially according to length of follow‐up. This nationwide and population‐based study shows a 7‐fold increase in the incidence of biopsy‐verified vulvar LS since 1997. Data also show that women with biopsy‐verified vulvar LS have 8.5 and 16 times higher than expected incidence of vulvar high‐grade squamous precancer and SCC, respectively. The substantially increased incidence of vulvar high‐grade squamous precancer and SCC following LS is important in relation to the clinical management and follow‐up of LS patients.
Approximations of Symbolic Substitution Systems in One Dimension
Authors: Tenenbaum Lior 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPeriodic approximations of quasicrystals are a powerful tool in analyzing spectra of Schrödinger operators arising from quasicrystals, given the known theory for periodic crystals. Namely, we seek periodic operators whose spectra approximate the spectrum of the limiting operator (of the quasicrystal). This naturally leads to study the convergence of the underlying dynamical systems.We treat dynamical systems which are based on one‐dimensional substitutions. We first find natural candidates of dynamical subsystems to approximate the substitution dynamical system. Subsequently, we offer a characterization of their convergence and provide estimates for the rate of convergence. We apply the proposed theory to some guiding examples.
Idiopathic intracranial hypertension and obstetric and neonatal outcomes: A 1:20 matched study from a population database
Authors: Amikam Uri , Baghlaf Haitham , Badeghiesh Ahmad , Brown Richard , Dahan Michael H. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveIdiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), also known as pseudotumor cerebri, is a common pathology in reproductive‐aged women, although data regarding pregnancy outcomes are scarce. In the present study, we aimed to compare pregnancy and perinatal outcomes between women who suffered from IIH to those who did not.MethodsA retrospective cohort study using the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project, Nationwide Inpatient Sample. All pregnant women who delivered or had a maternal death in the US (2004–2014) were included. Women with an ICD‐9 diagnosis of IIH before or during pregnancy were matched to controls without IIH according to age, race, insurance type, and income quartile, in a 1:20 ratio. Pregnancy, delivery, and neonatal outcomes were compared between the two groups.ResultsOverall, 9 096 788 deliveries were identified. Of these, 1454 women (0.016%) had a diagnosis of IIH (study group) and were compared to 29 080 women without IIH (control group). Women with IIH, compared to those without, were more likely to be obese (body mass index >30 kg/m2) and suffer from pregestational diabetes mellitus and chronic hypertension (P < 0.001, all). After adjusting for confounders, patients in the IIH group, compared to those without, had a higher rate of pregnancy‐induced hypertension (aOR 1.82, 95% CI: 1.57–2.1, P < 0.001), pre‐eclampsia (aOR 1.98, 95% CI: 1.61–2.45, P < 0.001), preterm delivery (aOR 1.88, 95% CI: 1.59–2.23, P < 0.001), CD (aOR 2.41, 95% CI: 2.12–2.73, P < 0.001), wound complications (aOR 3.2, 95% CI: 1.89–5.42, P < 0.001), and congenital anomalies (aOR 2.18, 95% CI: 1.4–3.4, P < 0.001).ConclusionWomen with IIH had a higher incidence of obstetrical complications, including preterm deliveries, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, and congenital anomalies.
Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) in prolapse repair: A prospective study on pre‐emptive uterosacral/cervical block
Authors: Barba Marta , Cola Alice , De Vicari Desirèe , Melocchi Tomaso , Gili Mauro Angelo , Frigerio Matteo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveEnhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols have been introduced in gynecology. Postoperative pain management after vaginal procedures remains a relevant issue. In the present study we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of pre‐emptive uterosacral/cervical block (PUCB) for postoperative pain control in patients with uterovaginal prolapse undergoing vaginal hysterectomy and pelvic floor repair. We also evaluated the impact on the length of recovery.MethodsThis was a pilot study analyzing 40 women who underwent pelvic organ prolapse repair through uterosacral ligament suspension. Patients who chose to undergo PUCB were considered as cases, otherwise as controls. After general or spinal anesthesia induction, the treatment group received the PUCB with ropivacaine plus clonidine injections at 2, 4, 8, and 10 o'clock of the cervix. The control group did not receive additional treatment. Pain intensity was measured at rest and after forceful cough at 1, 4, 8, 12, 24, and 48 h postoperatively.ResultsWe found a significant reduction in pain values at 1 h (rest and forceful cough) and 24 h (forceful cough) in the PUCB group. The incidence of moderate/severe pain was inferior in the PUCB group at 1 h (rest) and 24 h (rest and forceful cough). There were no differences in terms of the use of rescue opioids (0% vs. 5%; P = 0.311) and length of hospital stay (2.5 ± 0.6 vs. 2.3 ± 0.6; P = 0.180).ConclusionsFor the first time, we demonstrated the impact of pre‐emptive uterosacral/cervical block on pain control up to 24 h after surgery. Clonidine as a sensory blockade extender appears promising in enhancing the efficacy of local anesthetics.
Facilitating the emergence of intraverbal tacts by autistic children via joint control
Authors: Aragon Michael A. , Rodriguez Nicole M. , Luczynski Kevin C. , McKeown Ciobha A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractRodriguez et al. (2022) discovered that teaching four component skills was sufficient to facilitate the emergence of intraverbal tacts across four applications with three participants. Our study replicated and evaluated an extension of this procedure that was directed at facilitating intraverbal tacts when a child learns the component skills but continues to fail to produce intraverbal tacts. The extension consisted of procedures to enhance the divergent control exerted by the auditory stimulus (i.e., the question) and the discriminability of joint control. Intraverbal tacts emerged for all three participants after undergoing the extension procedures. These results are discussed in the context of a conceptual analysis of intraverbal tacts and the potential role of joint control.
Zinc‐doped bioactive glass‐functionalized polyetheretherketone to enhance the biological response in bone regeneration
Authors: Zheng Xiaoyu , Luo Han , Li Jingzhi , Yang Zhenyu , Zhuan Xiaoquan , Li Xiaoquan , Chen Yuting , Huo Shicheng , Zhou Xiaozhong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPolyether ether ketone (PEEK) is gaining recognition as a highly promising polymer for orthopedic implants, attributed to its exceptional biocompatibility, ease of processing, and radiation resistance. However, its long‐term in vivo application faces challenges, primarily due to suboptimal osseointegration from postimplantation inflammation and immune reactions. Consequently, biofunctionalization of PEEK implant surfaces emerges as a strategic approach to enhance osseointegration and increase the overall success rates of these implants. In our research, we engineered a multifaceted PEEK implant through the in situ integration of chitosan‐coated zinc‐doped bioactive glass nanoparticles (Zn‐BGNs). This novel fabrication imbues the implant with immunomodulatory capabilities while bolstering its osseointegration potential. The biofunctionalized PEEK composite elicited several advantageous responses; it facilitated M2 macrophage polarization, curtailed the production of inflammatory mediators, and augmented the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. The experimental findings underscore the vital and intricate role of biofunctionalized PEEK implants in preserving normal bone immunity and metabolism. This study posits that utilizing chitosan‐BGNs represents a direct and effective method for creating multifunctional implants. These implants are designed to facilitate biomineralization and immunomodulation, making them especially apt for orthopedic applications.
A prognostic signature of fatty acid metabolism‐related genes for predicting survival of gastric cancer patients
Authors: Zhao Bochao , Jiang Wei , Wang Jingchao , Sheng Guannan , Wang Yiming , Meng Kewei , Yang Tao 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTo analyze the expression profile of fatty acid metabolism (FAM)‐related genes, identify a prognostic signature, and evaluate its clinical value for gastric cancer (GC) patients. The mRNA expression profiles of 493 FAM‐related genes were obtained from TCGA database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between cancer and non‐cancer samples were identified, and their relationships with overall survival (OS) of GC patients were evaluated. A prognostic signature of FAM‐related genes was identified by the LASSO regression model, and its predictive performance was tested by an independent external cohort. Ninety‐three DEGs were identified, of which 44 were downregulated and 49 were upregulated. After optimizing risk characteristics, a prognostic signature of four FAM‐related genes (ACBD5, AVPR1A, ELOVL4, and FAAH) were developed. All patients were divided into high‐risk (>1.020) and low‐risk groups (≤1.020) on the basis of the median risk score. Survival analysis indicated that high‐risk patients had a shorter OS than low‐risk patients (5‐year OS rate, 26.3% vs. 45.0%, p < 0.001). The AUC values for the prediction of 3‐year and 5‐year OS were 0.664 and 0.624, respectively. In the GSE62254 data set, the 5‐year OS rate of high‐risk and low‐risk patients were 44.7% versus 61.5%, respectively (p = 0.003). The AUC values were 0.632 and 0.627 at 3‐year and 5‐year prediction. The prognostic signature of FAM‐related genes was an independent predictor of OS (hanzard ratio [HR] for TCGA cohort: 1.851, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.394–2.458, p < 0.001; HR for GSE62254: 1.549, 95% CI: 1.098–2.185, p = 0.013). The risk signature of four FAM‐related genes was a valuable prognostic tool, and it might be helpful for clinical management and therapeutic decision of gastric cancer patients.
The role of temporality in adolescent refugees' sense of well‐being
Authors: Kira Mari , Belgrade Andrea , Saleem Noor , Salim Rouan , Lee Fiona 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAdolescent refugees confront a complex interplay of trauma arising from forced displacement, resettlement, and the challenges of transitioning from childhood to adulthood. Using photovoice methodology, this study engaged 14 Iraqi and Syrian adolescent refugees now residing in the United States with the aim to illuminate their well‐being experiences. Our findings show that temporal continuities and discontinuities in adolescent refugees' lives contributed to their sense of well‐being by helping satisfy their basic psychological needs for autonomy, competence, relatedness, and safety. Temporal continuities involved drawing upon past resources and formulating future career aspirations based on present experiences. Temporal discontinuities encompassed contrasting past and present and processing adversities endured. This study underscores that, beyond current circumstances, the interpretation of life experiences over extended timeframes influences the well‐being of adolescent refugees.
ZNF263 cooperates with ZNF31 to promote the drug resistance and EMT of pancreatic cancer through transactivating RNF126
Authors: Zhang Jiawei , Chen Chuanping , Geng Qilong , Li Haoyu , Wu Mengcheng , Chan Boyuan , Wang Shiyang , Sheng Weiwei 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe poor prognosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is attribute to the aggressive local invasion, distant metastasis and drug resistance of PDAC patients, which was strongly accelerated by epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). In current study, we systematically investigate the role of ZNF263/RNF126 axis in the initiation of EMT in PDAC in vitro and vivo. ZNF263 is firstly identified as a novel transactivation factor of RNF126. Both ZNF263 and RNF126 were overexpressed in PDAC tissues, which were associated with multiple advanced clinical stages and poor prognosis of PDAC patients. ZNF263 overexpression promoted cell proliferation, drug resistance and EMT in vitro via activating RNF126 following by the upregulation of Cyclin D1, N‐cad, and MMP9, and the downregulation of E‐cad, p21, and p27. ZNF263 silencing contributed to the opposite phenotype. Mechanistically, ZNF263 transactivated RNF126 via binding to its promoter. Further investigations revealed that ZNF263 interacted with ZNF31 to coregulate the transcription of RNF126, which in turn promoted ubiquitination‐mediated degradation of PTEN. The downregulation of PTEN activated AKT/Cyclin D1 and AKT/GSK‐3β/β‐catenin signaling, thereby promoting the malignant phenotype of PDAC. Finally, the coordination of ZNF263 and RNF126 promotes subcutaneous tumor size and distant liver metastasis in vivo. ZNF263, as an oncogene, promotes proliferation, drug resistance and EMT of PDAC through transactivating RNF126.
The downregulation of Tapasin in dendritic cell regulates CD8+ T cell autophagy to hamper hepatitis B viral clearance in the induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived hepatocyte organoid
Authors: Chen Jinmei , Shen Leer , Guo Qingxin , Ma Siyuan , Zhang Yi , Chen Jie , Qu Lihong , Ng Soon Seng , Chen Xiaohua 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTapasin, a crucial molecular chaperone involved viral antigen processing and presentation, plays an important role in antivirus immunity. However, its impact on T cell differentiation in the context of virus clearance remains unclear. In this study, we employed induced pluripotent stem cells to differentiate into hepatocyte‐like cell, which were subsequently inserted to the inverted colloidal crystal scaffolds, thus establishing a hepatocyte organoid (HO). By inoculating hepatitis B virus (HBV) particles in the system, we successfully engineered a robust in vitro HBV infection model for at least 3 weeks. Furthermore, we aimed to explore the effects of lentivirus‐mediated short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting human Tapasin on the differentiation and antiviral function of CD8+ T cells. Specifically, we transfected dendritic cells (DCs) with Tapasin‐shRNA and cocultured with T cells. The results demonstrated that Tapasin‐shRNA transfected DCs effectively suppressed T cell proliferation and impeded HBV‐specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses. Our investigation also revealed the role of mTOR pathway activation in reducing autophagy activity within CD8+ T cells. Expressions of autophagy‐related proteins, beclin‐1, LC3II/LC3I were decreased and PI3K/AKT/mTOR activity was increased in Tapasin‐shRNA group. Collectively, our findings elucidate that shRNA targeting the Tapasin gene within DCs inhibits T cell differentiation by reducing autophagy activity to hamper viral clearance in the HBV‐infected HO.
Effects of instant controlled pressure drop treatment combined with refractance window drying on infusion quality of made green tea
Authors: Bordoloi Tridisha , Hazarika Manuj Kumar 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe study aimed to determine the effects of instant controlled decompression of steam pressure, termed as ICPD (instant controlled pressure drop) on fresh tea leaves, when combined with refractance window drying (RWD) of rolled green teas during green tea manufacturing. The ICPD steam treatment pressure (TP; 0.1–0.3 MPa), treatment time (TT; 10–20 s) and refractance window drying temperature (RWDT; 70–90 °C) were used as the processing parameters for manufacturing of green tea.RESULTResponse surface methodology was employed to enumerate the effects of ICPD process conditions and temperature of RWD on total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC) and DPPH (1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity of the green tea infusion. An optimum condition for green tea processing was found at TP 0.2 MPa, TT 20 s with RWDT at 70 °C. In comparison to made green tea manufactured without ICPD treatment, the ICPD treated green tea showed enhanced TPC, TFC and DPPH radical scavenging activity along with better colour and sensory attributes. The microstructural study of ICPD treated green tea samples showed more deformed cell surface integrity, larger stomatal pore size and cracks at the leaf surface in comparison with non‐treated green tea sample.CONCLUSIONPresent study reveals that an ICPD treatment at 0.2 MPa for 20 s can be used as an alternative to the traditional enzyme inactivation step of hot water treatment, for green tea leaves to improve the infusion quality in terms of increased levels of TPC and TFC and DPPH radical scavenging activity. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.