bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hemodynamics after microsurgical anastomosis: The effects of topical lidocaine
Authors: Blair William F. , Greene E. R. , Eldridge Marlow , Cipoletti Robert 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe hemodynamics in the femoral arteries of 30 rats were measured with a 20‐MHz pulsed Doppler velocity meter (PUDVM) in an attempt to define the changes resulting from anastomosis and to assess the effects of 1% lidocaine on those changes. Control values were obtained, the arteries were severed and anastomosed, and either physiologic saline or 1% lidocaine was applied topically to the vessels in a randomized blind study. Velocity measurements, derivations of vessel lumen diameters, and calculations of blood flow then were made with the velocity meter at intervals of 1, 2, 3, 5, and 10 minutes after the addition of the experimental fluid. The measurements obtained indicated that calculated blood flow through the anastomoses was reduced 36% at the 10‐minute interval in the group treated with physiologic saline but only 5% in the group treated with 1% lidocaine. These results demonstrate that microsurgical anastomosis adversely affects normal hemodynamic variables, but these effects are minimized by the application of a bolus of 1% lidocaine, a topical vasodilator. These results also suggest that the 20‐MHz PUDVM has sufficient resolution and sensitivity to provide the measurements of blood velocity necessary for reproducible calculations of blood flow distal to a microsurgical anastomosis in small vessels.
Transcutaneous Po2 monitoring for assessing viability and predicting survival of skin flaps: Experimental and clinical correlations
Authors: Serafin Donald , Georgiade Nicholas G. , Mullen R. Y. , Lesesne Carroll B. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractRectangular skin flaps based on the right superficial epigastric vessels were designed on the groins of 36 rats. Preoperative control, intraoperative, and postoperative readings of oxygen tension (Po2) were made atproximal, central, and distal sites on the flaps with a transcutaneous Po2 (tcPo2) monitor under various conditions of oxygen inspiration. The results of this experimental work indicated that the tcPo2 monitor was useful in continuously and rapidly measuring changes in oxygen concentration in skin flaps in a noninvasive fashion. The monitoring demonstrated that the response time of the flaps to changes in the concentration of inspired oxygen was rapid (less than 15 seconds). The monitoring also was valuable in assessing viability of the flaps, in predicting flap survival, and in detecting any systemic factors influencing oxygen transport, such as pneumonia. As a result of the experimental series, tcPo2 monitoring was used clinically to evaluate 18 flaps in 16 patients. As in the experimental series, the clinical measurements were significant and reproducible. They demonstrated that the tcPo2 monitor provides safe, reliable monitoring of peripheral oxygenation in the microcirculation that is rapid, continuous, and totally noninvasive. It is concluded that simultaneous tcPo2 measurements at control and flap sites provides a continuous record of the status of a flap that can improve the postoperative management of the surgical patient.
The operating microscope. V. Maintenance and cleaning
Authors: Hoerenz Peter 
Published: March 2007

AbstractEditor's Note: This is the fifth and last article in a series by Mr. Hoerenz on the basic principles and handling of the operating microscope. The first article, on optical principles, illumination systems, and support systems, appeared in Journal of Microsurgery 1:364–369, 1980. The second article, on individual parts, handling, assembling, focusing, and balancing, appeared in Journal of Microsurgery 1:419–427, 1980. The third article, on accessories, appeared in Journal of Microsurgery 2:22–26, 1980. The fourth article, on documentation, appeared in Journal of Microsurgery 2:126–139, 1980.
Microsurgical urology: A silicone cover to protect the ureter from induced retroperitoneal fibrosis in rats
Authors: Wagenknecht L. V. , Langendorff H. M. , Schäfer H. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractRetroperitoneal fibrosis was induced in 30 rats by placing a paraffin pellet containing 5 mg of phenol‐mandelic acid behind the left ureter. In an additional 15 rats, the left urinary tract was transposed into a silicone sheath before the pellet of phenol‐mandelic acid was placed behind the ureter in an attempt to protect the urinary tract from retroperitoneal fibrosis. In all 30 animals without the sheath, hydronephrosis of the left side occurred, and in the 15 animals with the sheath, lateral and anterior displacement of the left tract occurred, but function was not impaired. It is concluded that the silicone‐sheath technique may represent a new therapeutic approach to retroperitoneal fibrosis.
Long‐term results with autogenous microvascular grafts in various experimental models in rats
Authors: Carmignani Giorgio , Belgrano Emanuele , Puppo Paolo , Cichero Andrea , Sanna Alberto 
Published: March 2007

AbstractAutogenous arterial and venous grafts were used to bridge defects in the femoral arteries, aortas, and renal arteries of 40 Wistar rats in an effort to determine the feasibility of using such grafts in the treatment of renovascular hypertension. The long‐term results indicated that arterial grafts would be the most suitable in such a situation, but further study is needed before the technique can be applied clinically.
Reduced vascular trauma after temporary occlusion with modified biemer and yasargil clips
Authors: Dujovny Manuel , Munoz Guillermo , Nelson Debra , Langhi Roberto , Fein Jack M. , Ba Nir Kossovsky 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe Biemer and Yasargil microvascular clips that are currently available commercially can traumatize the vascular endothelium. In an effort to resolve this problem, both clip designs were structurally modified by changing the length, width, and surface of the clip blades in various ways. Also, the occlusion force of the clips was set at either 15 or 30 g. Studies on the carotid arteries of 140 rats showed a correlation between the structural and mechanical alterations of the clips and the degree of endothelial trauma produced by temporary occlusion for 1 hour. The most favorable results were obtained with a Biemer clip that had long, wide, smooth blades and an occluding force of 15 g.
A lower trapezius myocutaneous free flap in facial reconstruction: A case report
Authors: Maruyama Yu , Yoshimura Yoko , Sawada Yukimasa , Fujino Toyomi 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe free transfer of a myocutaneous flap is the procedure of choice in the reconstruction of facial defects. A case is reported in which a lower trapezius myocutaneous free flap was successfully transferred with microneurovascular anastomoses to repair a facial defect. The advantages of the lower trapezius myocutaneous flap also are discussed.
Experimental arterial aneurysms: Modification of the production technique
Authors: O'Reilly Gerald V. , Utsunomiya Ryuichi , Rumbaugh Calvin L. , Colucci Ba Vincent M. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractVein pouches obtained from the external jugular vein were used to create experimental aneurysms on the carotid arteries of 13 rabbits and the abdominal aortas of 18 rabbits. Eighteen of these vein pouch aneurysms were grafted onto a linear incision in the artery; 13 of the aneurysms were grafted onto an elliptical incision. In 4 of the rabbits in which the vein pouch was grafted onto an elliptical arteriotomy in the carotid, a new approach for producing an intracranial aneurysm was attempted by relocating the aneurysm segment to the subarachnoid space at the cranial vertex. The results indicate that the aneurysms grafted onto an elliptical arteriotomy had a higher patency rate than the aneurysms grafted onto a linear arteriotomy in both the aortic and carotid models. Also, the attempt to produce an intracranial model demonstrated that short‐term patency of the aneurysms could be achieved and that a two‐stage approach to creating such aneurysms would be more appropriate than a one‐stage approach.
Continuous suture technique in microvascular end‐to‐end anastomosis
Authors: Man Daniel , Acland Robert D. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA refined technique for continuous suturing of end‐to‐end anastomoses is presented along with a study in which the continuous‐suture technique was compared with the standard interrupted‐suture technique in end‐to‐end anastomoses in the femoral arteries of 20 rats. The results of this comparative study demonstrate that the two techniques had equal patency rates, but that the continuous‐suture technique required less than 50% of the time necessary to perform end‐to‐end anastomosis with interrupted sutures.
Preserved arterial grafts in microvascular surgery
Authors: Cruz Norma I. , Blanco Gumersindo , Cestero Herman J. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe patency rates of arterial grafts preserved by immersion in 70% alcohol and arterial grafts preserved by ficin digestion and dialdehyde tanning were compared with the patency rate of fresh autogenous vein grafts in 5‐mm defects in the femoral arteries of 50 rats. The overall patency rate for the fresh vein grafts was 90%. The patency rate at 2 weeks for the alcohol preserved arterial grafts was 40%; the patency rate for the dialdehydetanned arterial grafts at 2 weeks was 30%. The difference between the rates for the fresh vein grafts and the alcohol‐preserved and dialdehyde‐tanned grafts was statistically significant (P < 0.01 and P < 0.001, respectively). At 2 months there was no statistically significant difference in the rates between the autogenous vein grafts and the preserved arterial grafts, probably because of recanalization of grafts that had occluded primarily. From the data, it is concluded that fresh autogenous vein grafts are still superior to preserved arterial grafts in microvascular surgery.
Heart and spleen twin grafts in rats. II. Delayed host splenectomy
Authors: Tauber Jürg W. , Blanchard Jacqueline M. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractSimultaneous auxiliary transplantation of the spleen has been shown to delay and attenuate the rejection of cardiac grafts in rats.1 In the experiments reported here, 144 such twin grafts in Lewis and ACI rats were explored in an attempt to determine whether removal of the host's spleen would further facilitate graft survival in this model. Thus, 87 rats were submitted to host splenectomy at various time intervals after implantation of the twin grafts. After considerable technical problems were overcome, it was found that this additional maneuver induced permanent ( >5 months) survival in 64% of Lewis‐to‐ACI twin grafts. The important requirement for this success was timing; delaying host splenectomy for 3 to 5 days after implantation of the twin graft was mandatory.
The effects of storage media and perfusion on osteoblast and osteocyte survival in free composite bone grafts
Authors: Berggren Anders , Weiland Andrew J. , Östrup Lelf T. , Dorfman Howard 
Published: March 2007

AbstractTwenty‐two adult mongrel dogs were used to investigate the effects of storage alone and storage and perfusion in 3 different storage media on the survival of osteocytes and osteoblasts in free bone grafts revascularized by microvascular anastomoses. Evaluation of the grafts at 2 weeks demonstrated that storage in chilled (+ 5°C) physiologic saline or Collins‐Terasaki solution resulted in greater survival of osteocytes and osteoblasts than did storage in chilled BGJb solution or in room temperature air. No beneficial effect could be detected from perfusing the bone grafts with their storage media. On the contrary, deleterious effects were noted at the sites of the anastomoses, with thromboses of vessels secondary to endothelial damage.
Experimental aortocaval fistulae in rats
Authors: Mickle J. Parker , Menges James T. , Day Arthur L. , Quisling Ronald , Ballinger William 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe technique for creating a distal, high‐flow aortocaval fistula in rats is described in detail. This reliable, inexpensive model lends itself easily to radiologic study and experimental manipulation and may be useful in studying the histologic and pathologic effects of the detachable balloon technique technique in treating arteriovenous fistulae in humans.
A sensory innervated latlsslmus dorsi musculocutaneous free flap: Case report
Authors: Dabb Richard W. , Conklin William T. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous free flap has been shown to be a useful tool in reconstructive surgery. Sensory innervation of the vascular territory of the latissimus dorsi is presented. This anatomic principle is applied in a free transfer of a latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous flap for reconstruction of the volar area of a foot following a severe frostbite injury.
A one‐suture end‐to‐side microvascular sleeve anastomosis: Preliminary report
Authors: Katz Denis C. , Rose Franklin A. , Erk Yucel , Spira Melvin 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA new technique is presented for end‐ to‐ side anastomosis of vessels smaller than 0.5 mm in diameter. This technique employs a “sleeve” or “telescoped” method of joining the vessels, which has previously been used in end‐to‐end anastomoses.
Demonstration of autonomic nerves in transplanted arteries in rabbits
Authors: Wada Hidetoshi 
Published: March 2007

AbstractHistochemical and cytochemical studies were performed on the autonomic innervation of normal and transplanted femoral arteries in rabbits. These arteries appear to have both adrenergic and cholinergic innervation. Adrenergic reinnervation was apparent in the transplanted arteries shortly after the grafting procedure, however, the innervation decreased or disappeared with time.
A new microvascular surgical clip system
Authors: Ueba Yasuo , Sudo Yasuaki , Yanase Yoshiaki 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA new microvascular clip system has been designed that consists of 3 sets of different sized clips, an applicator, and an approximator. The basic clip is a one‐piece design consisting of two blades extending from an annular base. Its construction is simple and durable. The blade closing force is predetermined for each size clip and is set at pressures that are nontraumatic to blood vessels. The tips of the applicator allow the clip to rotate through a wide arc. Two basic clips can be used with the approximator to form a double clip.
Treatment of congenital pseudoarthrosis of the tibia by a free vascularized fibular graft: Case report
Authors: Usami Fumiaki , Iketani Masayuki , Hirukawa Michio , Fujikura Kunio , Furuya Masahiro , Kikuchi Tatsuyuki 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA free vascularized fibular graft was used to treat a case of congenital pseudoarthrosis of the tibia in a 5‐year‐old girl. Four weeks after the surgery, x‐ ray films revealed remarkable callus formation at the proximal junction of the graft and tibia. Seventeen months passed before union at this junction was complete. Union at the distal junction, on the other hand, took only 12 weeks. It was noted that the fibular graft enlarged in diameter rapidly, and at 17 months was the same size as the recipient tibia.
A method for quantitative analysis of lumen changes in microvascular anastomoses
Authors: Cook Allan F. , Grossman John A. I. , Herpy Eloise S. , Dinner Melvin I. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThis report describes a technique for quantitating changes in the wall and luminal area of a vessel after a microvascular anastomosis. This method can be used as a standard technique for assessing luminal changes, and therefore the degree of patency, when experimentally evaluating new materials and new techniques in microvascular surgery.
The effects of preservation on microvascular vein grafts in rats
Authors: Razaboni Rosa M. , Greco M. Alba , Harper Alice D. , Shaw William W. , Ballantyne Donald L. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractSegments 15 mm in length were excised from the femoral veins of rats and preserved by refrigeration at 4 C in lactated Ringer's solution for periods up to 21 days. The findings show that veins can be preserved for up to seven days and successfully grafted to recipients. Although there was some success in preserving vein segments for more than seven days, a high rate of thrombosis occurred after implantation in the recipients. It is generally accepted that damaged endothelium causes thrombosis. The light and electron microscopic observations in this study, however, suggest that the condition of the endothelium may not be the only important factor in the patency of small vessels. A thickened and prominent elastic lamina may also play a role in keeping the lumen open.
Experience with free composite tissue transplantation based on the deep circumflex iliac vessels
Authors: Satoh Tetsuo , Tsuchiya Masamitsu , Kobayashi Masafumi , Nomoto Sakae , Yasuwaki Yoshiyuki , Harii Kiyonori , Moriwaki Masayuki 
Published: March 2007

AbstractEight free iliac osteocutaneous flaps and three vascularized iliac bone grafts based on the deep circumflex iliac vessels were transferred in 11 cases of large skin and bone or bone defects. Seven of the eight osteocutaneous flaps took successfully. The eighth demonstrated partial necrosis. There was complete bone union in ten cases, and no union in one case as a result of persistent infection. Based on this experience, we conclude that free osteocutaneous flaps based on the deep circumflex iliac vessels have the following advantages over free osteocutaneous flaps based on the superficial circumflex iliac vessels: the pedicle is long (5 to 7 cm); the nutrient vessels are large (artery: 2.2 mm; vein: 2.5 mm); the anatomic course of the vessels is constant; and there is a large amount of bone available.
Comparison of end‐ to‐ end and telescoped arterial anastomoses in renal transplantation in rats
Authors: Choi Hyung K. , Phd Nicholas Stowe , Novick Andrew C. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe telescoped microvascular anastomosis was compared with the standard end‐ to end technique in the renal arteries of rats both in situ and in orthotopic kidney transplantation. The telescoped technique was easier to perform, required fewer sutures, allowed the transplantation to be done with a reduced period of ischemia, and was equally effective in terms of arterial patency. The telescoped arterial anastomosis appears to be a useful technique for simplifying orthotopic renal transplantation in rats.
Renal transplantation in hamsters
Authors: Dubols Michèle A. , Dubols Michèle A. , Haertig Alain G. , Küss René 
Published: March 2007

AbstractHamsters have never before been used for experimental kidney transplantation. An original anesthetic and microsurgical protocol is presented for renal transplantation in hamsters based on a series of 152 orthotopic renal transplantations. The operation is performed with the animal under general anesthesia of acepromazine and sodium thiopental. A left nephrectomy is followed by left renal orthotopic transplantation. The transplantation is performed in the following order: anastomosis of the renal artery and aorta, anastomosis of the renal vein to the inferior vena cava, and implantation of the ureter in the bladder. The survival rate after contralateral nephrectomy was 71% in 45 female hamsters. Male hamsters should not be used because of a high risk of severe periureteral stenosis caused by fibrosis secondary to necessary dissection of the large seminal vesicles. The prevention of hypothermia in hamsters is mandatory.
Stenosis following end‐ in‐ end microarterial anastomosis: An angiographic comparison with the end‐ to‐ end technique
Authors: Wieslander Jan B. , Åberg Magnus 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThirty end‐ to‐ end (ETE) and 30 end‐ in‐ end (EIE) microvascular anastomoses were performed in the central arteries of the ear or the saphenous arteries of 30 rabbits (diameters: 0.8– 1.2 mm). The anastomoses were then examined angiographically at varying intervals postoperatively. The ETE anastomoses caused no stenosis in the majority of vessels, while the EIE anastomoses generally resulted in considerable stenosis. This was most marked one hour postoperatively, with the average luminal area in crosssection being 22% of the luminal area of the vessel. With time the stenosis in the EIE anastomoses gradually became less pronounced, but even after 90 days the cross‐ sectional luminal area was only 63% of the luminal area of the vessel. In a second series, EIE anastomoses were performed in five femoral arteries (diameter: 1.7– 2.0 mm) and five renal arteries (diameter: 2.0– 2.7 mm). The EIE technique was found to cause less pronounced stenosis in the larger vessels. In a third series, five EIE anastomoses were performed in the central arteries of the ear according to the technique of Lauritzen and compared with five EIE anastomoses performed according to the technique of Meier. The Meier technique was more difficult to perform but produced less stenosis.
The strength of microvascular anastomoses— an experimental evaluation in rats
Authors: Davis Clinton B. , Smith Bruce M. , Hagen Per‐Otto , Urbaniak James R. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractTo determine the longitudinal strength of microvascular anastomoses during early healing, the left femoral arteries of 56 rats were divided and anastomosed with six interrupted sutures of 10– 0 nylon. The right femoral arteries served as unoperated controls. The vessels were then harvested immediately, or 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, or 120– 150 days after surgery. The crosssectional surface area was measured and the force required to pull the vessels apart (burst strength) was determined with a tensiometer. Fifty‐ four of the 56 anastomosed vessels were patent at the time of harvest. All of the operated vessels ruptured at the site of anastomosis when the sutures pulled through the vessel wall. The mean burst strength of the anastomosed vessels was 44% of the contralateral unoperated controls immediately after surgery and did not significantly increase for four to five months. It was concluded that early mobilization of replanted parts is not limited by the strength of microarterial anastomoses.
Efforts to enhance survival of limb allografts by prior administration of whole blood in rats using a new survival end‐ point
Authors: Black Kirby S. , Hewitt Charles W. , Woodard Terry L. , Adrig Lynda M. , Litke David K. , Howard Edwin B. , Achauer Bruce M. , Martin Donald C. , Furnas David W. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractInjecting whole blood into the recipient before surgery can significantly prolong renal transplant survival in rats. Therefore, experiments were performed in rats to study the effects of prior administration of whole blood on the survival of limb allografts. Tests to quantitate survival of the allografts included monitoring the internal temperature of the leg, assaying serum creatine kinase levels, and testing for alloantibodies. Lewis recipients of (BN × LEW)F1 limb transplants that received 1 ml of BN or (BN × LEW)F1 whole blood before surgery had mean survival times that were longer compared with controls as measured by a 10 F change in temperature. In a test‐ retest experiment, decline of temperature proved to be a reliable quantitative determination of limb allograft survival since a difference of only 5.6% was observed in the mean number of days of graft survival between two separate groups of control Lewis recipients. Moreover, combined data demonstrated that control Lewis recipients of (BN × LEW)F1 limb allografts averaged 24.0 days of graft survival based on a 10 F decline in temperature with a 95% confidence interval of ± 6.3 days. It is concluded that prior administration of whole blood can produce significant prolongation of survival in organ transplantation, but it is not as effective in enhancing survival of limb allografts. It is also concluded that internal temperature measurement of limb allografts is an easy, effective, and quantitative method of monitoring rejection.