bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrophysiological correlates of divergent projections in the avian superior olivary nucleus
Authors: Baldassano James F. , MacLeod Katrina M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe physiological diversity of inhibitory neurons provides ample opportunity to influence a wide range of computational roles through their varied activity patterns, especially via feedback loops. In the avian auditory brainstem, inhibition originates primarily from the superior olivary nucleus (SON) and so it is critical to understand the intrinsic physiological properties and processing capabilities of these neurons. Neurons in the SON receive ascending input via the cochlear nuclei: directly from the intensity-coding cochlear nucleus angularis (NA) and indirectly via the interaural timing nucleus laminaris (NL), which itself receives input from cochlear nucleus magnocellularis. Two distinct populations of SON neurons provide either inhibitory feedback to ipsilateral NA, NL, and the timing cochlear nucleus NM, or to the contralateral SON. To determine whether these populations correspond to distinct response types, we investigated their electrophysiology in brain stem slices using patch clamp electrophysiology. We identified three phenotypes: single-spiking, chattering tonic, and regular tonic neurons. The two tonic phenotypes displayed distinct firing patterns and different membrane properties. Additionally, fluctuating “noisy” currents were used to probe the capability of SON neurons to encode temporal features. Each of the three phenotypes had a distinct level of sensitivity to this temporally modulated input. By using cell fills and anatomical reconstructions, we could correlate the firing phenotypes with their axonal projection patterns. We found that SON axons exited via three fiber tracts with specific phenotypes comprising each tract. Two ipsilateral tracts exit the SON, with the laterally projecting tract composed entirely of regular tonic neurons and medially projecting tract composed of both regular and chattering tonic neurons. The contralateral projection was composed entirely of single spiking neurons. These results provide a basis for understanding the role of specific inhibitory cell types in auditory function and elucidate the organization of the SON outputs.
Forskolin reverses the O-GlcNAcylation dependent decrease in GABAAR current amplitude at hippocampal synapses possibly at a neurosteroid site on GABAARs
Authors: Phillips Shekinah , Chatham John C. , McMahon Lori L. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractGABAergic transmission is influenced by post-translational modifications, like phosphorylation, impacting channel conductance, allosteric modulator sensitivity, and membrane trafficking. O-GlcNAcylation is a post-translational modification involving the O-linked attachment of β–N-acetylglucosamine on serine/threonine residues. Previously we reported an acute increase in O-GlcNAcylation elicits a long-term depression of evoked GABAAR inhibitory post synaptic currents (eIPSCs) onto hippocampal principal cells. Importantly, O-GlcNAcylation and phosphorylation can co-occur or compete for the same residue; whether they interact in modulating GABAergic IPSCs is unknown. We tested this by recording IPSCs from hippocampal principal cells and pharmacologically increased O-GlcNAcylation, before or after increasing serine phosphorylation using the adenylate cyclase activator, forskolin. Although forskolin had no significant effect on baseline eIPSC amplitude, we found that a prior increase in O-GlcNAcylation unmasks a forskolin-dependent increase in eIPSC amplitude, reversing the O-GlcNAc-induced eIPSC depression. Inhibition of adenylate cyclase or protein kinase A did not prevent the potentiating effect of forskolin, indicating serine phosphorylation is not the mechanism. Surprisingly, increasing O-GlcNAcylation also unmasked a potentiating effect of the neurosteroids 5α-pregnane-3α,21-diol-20-one (THDOC) and progesterone on eIPSC amplitude, mimicking forskolin. Our findings show under conditions of heightened O-GlcNAcylation, the neurosteroid site on synaptic GABAARs is accessible to agonists, permitting strengthening of synaptic inhibition.
Structural determination and modeling of ciliary microtubules
Authors: Walton Travis , Doran Matthew H. , Brown Alan 
Published: March 2024

The axoneme, a microtubule-based array at the center of every cilium, has been the subject of structural investigations for decades, but only recent advances in cryo-EM and cryo-ET have allowed a molecular-level interpretation of the entire complex to be achieved. The unique properties of the nine doublet microtubules and central pair of singlet microtubules that form the axoneme, including the highly decorated tubulin lattice and the docking of massive axonemal complexes, provide opportunities and challenges for sample preparation, 3D reconstruction and atomic modeling. Here, the approaches used for cryo-EM and cryo-ET of axonemes are reviewed, while highlighting the unique opportunities provided by the latest generation of AI-guided tools that are transforming structural biology.
Gender and social inclusion: impact of mobile payment system on micro-entrepreneurs' perceived success and subjective well-being
Authors: Khan Asma Shahid , Shahid Subhan 
Published: March 2024

PurposeThe study examines how adopting e-paisa technology (a mobile payment system) enhances micro-entrepreneurs' perceived success and subjective well-being during the COVID-19 global pandemic. The study also theorizes the moderating effects of gender through a moderated-mediation model.Design/methodology/approachThe data are collected from 282 micro-entrepreneurs in Pakistan using a two-week time-lagged approach to test the hypothesized framework. The analysis was conducted using the PROCESS macro moderated-mediation method.FindingsThe results affirm that adopting e-paisa technology positively relates to perceived entrepreneurial success, ultimately increasing the entrepreneur's subjective well-being. Furthermore, in hypothesized moderated-mediation paths, the moderation effect of gender was stronger for women than men.Practical implicationsFrom the perspective of diversity, equality and inclusion, adopting a digital mobile payment system can be regarded as a catalyst for the inclusion of women entrepreneurs in marginalized communities, enabling them to continue their micro-businesses in times of global crises. Further, it is also suggested that public–private sector partnerships are essential for promoting a sustainable entrepreneurial ecosystem that subsequently leads to social and financial inclusion in marginalized communities.Originality/valueThe mediating role of perceived entrepreneurial success contributes to understanding the importance of psychological functioning among technology acceptance model (TAM) attributes and entrepreneurs' subjective well-being. In addition, theorizing gender differences in TAM and subjective well-being relationships revealed women's advantages, challenging the prevailing belief that women are less fortunate in entrepreneurial endeavors. This raises the need to reconsider and maybe change the perspective to consider women as a disadvantaged group in entrepreneurship.
What does it take to close the loop? Lessons from a successful citrus waste valorisation business
Authors: Rao Madhura , Bilić Lea , Bast Aalt , de Boer Alie 
Published: March 2024

PurposeIn this case study, we examine how a citrus peel valorising company based in the Netherlands was able to adopt a circular business model while navigating regulatory, managerial, and supply chain-related barriers.Design/methodology/approachIn-depth, semi-structured interviews with key personnel in the company, notes from field observations, photographs of the production process, and documents from a legal judgement served as data for this single, qualitative case study. Data were coded inductively using the in vivo technique and were further developed into four themes and a case description.FindingsResults from our study indicate that the regulatory and political contexts in the Netherlands were critical to the company’s success. Like in the case of most fruitful industrial symbioses, partnerships founded on mutual trust and economically appealing value propositions played a crucial role in ensuring commercial viability. Collaborating with larger corporations and maintaining transparent communication with stakeholders were also significant contributing factors. Lastly, employees’ outlook towards circularity combined with their willingness to learn new skills were important driving factors as well.Originality/valueIn addition to expanding the scholarship on the adoption of circular business models, this research offers novel insights to policymakers and practitioners. It provides empirical evidence regarding the importance of public awareness, adaptable legislation, and harmonised policy goals for supporting sustainable entrepreneurship in the circular economy.
Comparison of simulations of the gas conduction in HVDC GIL by application of nonlinear conductivity model and ion-drift-diffusion model
Authors: Hensel Hendrik , Clemens Markus 
Published: March 2024

Purpose
Gas insulated systems, such as gas insulated lines (GIL), use insulating gas, mostly sulfur hexalfluoride (SF6), to enable a higher dielectric strength compared to e.g. air. However, under high voltage direct current conditions, charge accumulation and electric field stress may occur, which may lead to partial discharge or system failure. Therefore, numerical simulations are used to design the system and determine the electric field and charge distribution. Although the gas conduction shows a more complex current–voltage characteristic compared to solid insulation, the electric conductivity of the SF6 gas is set as constant in most works. The purpose of this study is to investigate different approaches to address the conduction in the gas properly for numerical simulations.

Design/methodology/approach
In this work, two approaches are investigated to address the conduction in the insulating gas and are compared to each other. One method is an ion-drift-diffusion model, where the conduction in the gas is described by the ion motion in the SF6 gas. However, this method is computationally expensive. Alternatively, a less complex approach is an electro-thermal model with the application of an electric conductivity model for the SF6 gas. Measurements show that the electric conductivity in the SF6 gas has a nonlinear dependency on temperature, electric field and gas pressure. From these measurements, an electric conductivity model was developed. Both methods are compared by simulation results, where different parameters and conditions are considered, to investigate the potential of the electric conductivity model as a computationally less expensive alternative.

Findings
The simulation results of both simulation approaches show similar results, proving the electric conductivity for the SF6 gas as a valid alternative. Using the electro-thermal model approach with the application of the electric conductivity model enables a solution time up to six times faster compared to the ion-drift-diffusion model. The application of the model allows to examine the influence of different parameters such as temperature and gas pressure on the electric field distribution in the GIL, whereas the ion-drift-diffusion model enables to investigate the distribution of homo- and heteropolar charges in the insulation gas.

Originality/value
This work presents numerical simulation models for high voltage direct current GIL, where the conduction in the SF6 gas is described more precisely compared to a definition of a constant electric conductivity value for the insulation gas. The electric conductivity model for the SF6 gas allows for consideration of the current–voltage characteristics of the gas, is computationally less expensive compared to an ion-drift diffusion model and needs considerably less solution time.
Prosocial behavior and work reattachment in healthcare: the mediating and moderating influence of mindfulness and awe
Authors: Faheem Muhammad Asim , Ahmad Shabir , Tayyab Hafsa 
Published: March 2024

PurposeAmidst the stressful work environment in the healthcare sector, employees struggle to maintain prosocial behavior and work reattachment. The potential role of awe and mindfulness in addressing these issues remains unexplored. This study investigates how coworker prosocial behavior affects work reattachment while considering the mediating role of mindfulness and the moderating role of awe.Design/methodology/approachUsing a quantitative research design, data were collected through a survey questionnaire from 356 healthcare professionals in Pakistan. The data were analyzed in SPSS and AMOS for reliability and validity statistics, as well as for hypothesis testing.FindingsThe findings revealed a significant link between coworker prosocial behavior and work reattachment. Mindfulness acted as a mediator between coworker prosocial behavior and work reattachment, while awe had a positive moderating effect on these relationships.Practical implicationsThe findings emphasize the need for fostering these elements to manage stress, support employees and improve work reattachment.Originality/valueThe existing literature lacks empirical evidence regarding the impact of coworker prosocial behavior on employee outcomes, and this study contributes by examining the roles of awe and mindfulness in the healthcare sector.
Assessing the effects of gender stereotype in STEM in a Brazilian university
Authors: Alvarenga Camila , Braga Cicero 
Published: March 2024

PurposeIn Brazil, over 4.7 million women enrolled in university in the year 2017. However, Brazilian women have been consistently overrepresented in humanities and care majors and underrepresented in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM). Given that observed gender differences in math-intensive fields have lasting effects on gender inequality in the labor market, and that observed gender variations do not necessarily associate with differences in innate ability, in this paper we explore the paths of societal gender bias and gender differences in a Brazilian university.Design/methodology/approachWe conduct a social experiment at a University in Southeastern Brazil, applying the gender-STEM Implicit Association Test.FindingsWe found that women in STEM are less likely to show gender-STEM implicit stereotypes, compared to women in humanities. The results indicate a negative correlation between implicit gender stereotyping and the choice of math-intensive majors by women.Originality/valueThe stereotype-congruent results are indicative of the gender bias in Brazilian society, and suggest that stereotypes created at early stages in life are directly related to future outcomes that reinforce gender disparities in Brazil, which can be observed in career choices.
Study on friction reduction performance of granular flow lubrication during the milling of Inconel 718 superalloy
Authors: Ma Lijie , Mao Xinhui , Li Chenrui , Zhang Yu , Li Fengnan , Pang Minghua , Feng Qigao 
Published: March 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to reveal the friction reduction performance and mechanism of granular flow lubrication during the milling of difficult-to-machining materials and provide a high-performance lubrication method for the precision cutting of nickel-based alloys.

Design/methodology/approach
The milling tests for Inconel 718 superalloy under dry cutting, flood lubrication and granular flow lubrication were carried out, and the milling force and machined surface quality were used to evaluate their friction reduction effect. Furthermore, based on the energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) spectrums and the topographical features of machined surface, the lubrication mechanism of different granular mediums was explored during granular flow lubrication.

Findings
Compared with flood lubrication, the granular flow lubrication had a significant force reduction effect, and the maximum milling force was reduced by about 30%. At the same time, the granular flow lubrication was more conducive to reducing the tool trace size, repressing surface damage and thus achieving better surface quality. The soft particles had better friction reduction performance than the hard particles with the same particle size, and the friction reduction performance of nanoscale hard particles was superior to that of microscale hard particles. The friction reduction mechanism of MoS2 and WS2 soft particles is the mending effect and adsorption film effect, whereas that of SiO2 and Al2O3 hard particles is mainly manifested as the rolling and polishing effect.

Originality/value
Granular flow lubrication was applied in the precision milling of Inconel 718 superalloy, and a comparative study was conducted on the friction reduction performance of soft particles (MoS2, WS2) and hard particles (SiO2, Al2O3). Based on the EDS spectrums and topographical features of machined surface, the friction reduction mechanism of soft and hard particles was explored.
Social media analytics for academic music library: a case study of CUHK center for Chinese Music Studies
Authors: Xue Bing , Yao Rui , Ye Zengyu , Chan Cheuk Ting , Chiu Dickson K.W. , Zhong Zeyu 
Published: March 2024

PurposeWith the rapid development of social media, many organizations have begun to attach importance to social media platforms. This research studies the management and the use of social media in academic music libraries, taking the Center for Chinese Music Studies of the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CCMS) as a case study.Design/methodology/approachWe conducted a sentiment analysis of posts on Facebook’s public page to analyze the reaction to the posts with some exploratory analysis, including the communication trend and relevant factors that affect user interaction.FindingsOur results show that the Facebook channel for the library has a good publicity effect and active interaction, but the number of posts and interactions has a downward trend. Therefore, the library needs to pay more attention to the management of the Facebook channel and take adequate measures to improve the quality of posts to increase interaction.Originality/valueFew studies have analyzed existing data directly collected from social media by programming based on sentiment analysis and natural language processing technology to explore potential methods to promote music libraries, especially in East Asia, and about traditional music.
The impact of audit committee attributes on integrated reporting quality: evidence from European companies listed on the STOXX Europe 600 index
Authors: Belhouchet Saida , Chouaibi Jamel 
Published: March 2024

Purpose
This paper aims to shed light on the relationship between audit committee attributes and integrated reporting quality (IRQ).

Design/methodology/approach
Data on a sample of 360 European firms selected from the STOXX Europe 600 index between 2010 and 2021 were used to test the model based on multiple regression for panel data to analyze the effect of audit committee attributes on IRQ. This paper considers generalized least squares (GLS) estimation for panel data models.

Findings
The findings of this study confirm expectations concerning the impact of audit committee attributes on the IRQ. Indeed, audit committee independence and meetings have a significant positive impact on IRQ. However, no significant association is found between financial expertise and IRQ.

Practical implications
The findings of this paper have significant implications for policymakers, who, through proper legislation, should encourage the formation of larger audit committees and ones with a higher percentage of independent members. They should also establish a minimum number of audit committee meetings per year. These regulations, which aim to increase the efficacy of audit committees’ supervisory and monitoring tasks, would promote corporate transparency and improve IRQ.

Originality/value
This study supports the existing literature. First, it expands the scientific debate on IRQ. Second, unlike previous studies, which used more subjective methods to measure the degree of integrated reporting (IR), this study relied on the CGVS variable from the DataStream ASSET 4 Database. Third, the research is novel because it indicates the crucial role of internal assurance mechanisms in wide managerial reporting practices in European companies. The sample consisted of European firms only, whereas previous studies used a global sample. Finally, this study is based on recent data (2010–2021), while other studies covered the period between 2008 and 2013.
Ecology and methodology of comparing traits and decomposition rates of green leaves versus senesced litter across plant species and types
Authors: Guo Chao , Tuo Bin , Seibold Sebastian , Sai Bi‐Le , Qin Han‐Tang , Yan En‐Rong , Cornelissen Johannes H. C. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Variation in leaf traits is critical for carbon gains and losses during leaf life and drives litter carbon and nutrient losses via decomposition. Accurately quantifying litter decomposition parameters is essential for assessing ecosystem carbon and nutrient dynamics. Leaf litterbags have commonly been employed to measure effects of environmental drivers, decomposers, and plant traits on decomposition rates. There has been much debate regarding the suitability of substituting senesced dead leaves with fresh (green) leaves in litterbags, which has been common practice for mimicking green leaf fall or for practical reasons. Therefore, we tested the null hypothesis that replacement of dead leaves with fresh leaves in litterbag experiments is justified, based on similarities in structural and chemical traits between fresh and dead leaves across plant species and growth forms.

We conducted a paired litterbag decomposition experiment with both fresh and dead leaves of 26 common species in subtropical China, in each of five contrasting ecosystems.

While fresh leaves generally decomposed faster than dead leaves, this deviation varied among species and growth forms, based on their traits. Overall, there was significant but rather weak correlation between dead leaf decomposition rate k and fresh leaf k, across species and ecosystem types; the deviation between fresh and dead leaf k was larger for fast‐decomposing, mostly herbaceous species. The different decomposition patterns for fresh versus dead leaves were underpinned by key underlying traits integrated in leaf resource economics spectra (LES) for fresh and dead leaves. The dead leaf LES exhibited a greater predictive capability for dead leaf k while the fresh leaf LES had higher explanatory value for the fresh leaf k values.

Our findings partly reject the null hypothesis and ask for caution in inferring leaf litter decomposition rates based on green leaf litterbags or traits data. We suggest follow‐up research on substituting senesced roots and stems with fresh ones in decomposition experiments.

Synthesis. Human activities and extreme weather events are leading to increasing pulse inputs of fresh plant parts and our study contributes to knowledge on how they contribute to overall decomposition rates besides senesced litter inputs.