bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Asymmetric Reactions. III. Stereoselectivity Difference between Grignard and Alkyllithium Reactions with 2,3-O-Substituted-d-glyceraldehydes
Authors: Ohgo Yoshiaki , Yoshimura Juji , Kono Masami , Sato Tetsuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Stereoselectivity has been investigated in addition reactions of 2,3-O-isopropylidene-d-glyceraldehyde (I) or 2,3-di-O-benzyl-d-glyceraldehyde (II) with phenylmagnesium bromide or phenyllithium. Stereoselectivity difference between the Grignard and phenyllithium reactions occurred in the case of compound (I): the phenyllithium reaction gives threo and the Grignard reaction erythro products predominantly. On the other hand, no difference in stereoselectivity has been observed between the reactions with 2,3-di-O-benzyl-d-glyceraldehyde (II): both reactions gave threo product predominantly.
Kinetics and Mechanism of the Oxidation of Citric and Glyoxylic Acids by Cerium (IV) Ion
Authors: Sengupta Kalyan K 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The mechanism proposed by Waters (J. Chem. Soc., 1955, 217) for the oxidation of α-hydroxy acids by manganic pyrophosphate accounts for the kinetics of oxidation of citric acid by cerium(IV) ion. The oxidation appears to proceed through the initial formation of complex and subsequently through free radicals.
Kinetics of Reactions of Amines with Alkene Oxides
Authors: Sundaram P K , Sharma M M 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A variety of amines such as piperazine, pyrrolidine, morpholine, dialkyl amines, alkanolamines etc. were reacted with ethylene-, propylene-, and 1,2-butylene oxides in aqueous medium. Most of the experiments were made at 20°C. For some typical amines kinetic runs were made over a wide temperature range to obtain values of activation energy. Theoretical aspects of the reaction are discussed. It is shown that the method suggested by Swain and Scott could be used to correlate the rate constants. A close relationship exists between the relative rates of reaction of amines with CO2, COS, CS2 and alkene oxides.
Copper(II) Complexes of Ethylenediaminemonoacetic Acid (EDMA). A Polarographic Study of the Solution Equilibria between the Copper(II) Ion and EDMA and the Preparation of Copper(II)-EDMA Complexes
Authors: Fujii Yuki , Kodama Mutsuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
In the present paper, the solution equilibria between the copper(II) ion and ethylenediaminemonoacetic acid (EDMA) were determined polarographically and, then copper(II)-EDMA complexes were prepared and characterized using ion-exchange chromatography and the visible and infrared absorption spectra. Since copper(II) ions in an EDMA solution behave reversibly in a polarographic electrolysis, the composition and the stability constants of copper(II)-EDMA complexes were determined from the dependence of the half-wave potential on the concentration of uncomplexed EDMA by employing a modification of the Deford-Hume method. The copper (II) ion was found to form complexes of 1-to-1 and 1-to-2 compositions with EDMA. Their successive formation constants, K1 and K2, were 2.52×1013 and 1.10×108 respectively. The copper(II)-EDMA complex with a 1-to-1 composition was easily isolated from an aqueous solution of pH 3.0–4.0. On the other hand, the complex with a 1-to-2 composition could be isolated in a low yield by adding ethanol from a solution containing an excess amount of EDMA in the pH range from 10.0 to 11.0. From the infrared spectra and the ion-exchange chromatographic behavior, the ethylenediaminemonoacetate ion in the complexes was concluded to function as a tridentate ligand.
The Ion Exchange of a Mixture of Er and Tm with HEDTA
Authors: Hagiwara Zenzi , Oki Hideo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Under experimental conditions similar to those in the elution system of the rare earth with a dilute HEDTA eluant, the Er-Tm separation factor has been found in the system of HEDTA and Dowex 50W, X-8, 50–100 mesh. The values for this pair, 1.57 at 25°C and 1.63 at 60°C were in agreement with the values calculated from the stability constants of the rare earth-HEDTA chelates. Further, an equimolar mixture of Er and Tm has been eluted with a 0.015m HEDTA solution buffered with ammonium hydroxide. Under the present experimental conditions, the adsorption band of each rare earth reached a steady state after it had moved down through the hydrogen-retaining bed to a distance several times the initial band length. Several series of experimental data were used for analyses of the adsorption band from the point of view of rate theory. It was concluded that the present ion-exchange process with a HEDTA eluant was controlled by film diffusion as the rate-determining step. The plate-height values were also found to be functions of the flow rate.
The Reaction of Carbon Suboxide with Alicyclic Diketones and with Phenols. Formation and Structure of Pyrone Derivatives
Authors: Omori Akira , Sonoda Noboru , Uchida Yuzo , Tsutsumi Shigeru 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The reactions of carbon suboxide with alicyclic diketones and with phenols were found to give various pyrone derivatives. From the reaction of 5,5-dimethyl-1,3-cyclohexanedione, 4-hydroxy-7,7-dimethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2H-benzo[b]pyran-2,5-dione (II) was produced in the presence of a sulfuric acid catalyst. However, the reaction with 1,2-cyclohexanedione gave the malonic acid diester (III), and the formation of corresponding pyrone was not observed. The reaction of phenols with carbon suboxide gave only esters of malonic acid in the presence of the sulfuric acid catalyst, whereas cyclization to coumarin derivatives occurred on the presence of aluminum trichloride, in addition to the formation of the esters. The structure of the pyrone derivatives and the possible reaction mechanism were discussed.
Sugars Containing a Carbon-phosphorus Bond. I. Photochemical Addition of Diethyl Thiophosphonate to Unsaturated Sugars
Authors: Kumamoto Kazuo , Yoshida Hiroshi , Ogata Tsuyoshi , Inokawa Saburo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Sugars containing a carbon-phosphorus bond were synthesized by the photochemical addition of diethyl thiophosphonate to unsaturated sugars. By UV illumination from a high-pressure mercury lamp in the presence of diethyl thiophosphonate, -d-glucal gave 1,5-anhydro-2-deoxy-2-(diethyl thiophosphonate)-d-glucit; 3-deoxy-1,2;5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-α-d-erythro-hex-3-enose gave 1,2;5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-3-deoxy-3-(diethyl thiophosphonate)-α-d-glucofuranose and 1,2;5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-3-deoxy-3-(diethyl thiophosphonate)-α-d-galactofuranose (4:1 mol ratio); 6-O-benzyl-5-deoxy-1,2-O-isopropylidene-α-d-xylo-hexofuran-5-enose gave 6-O-benzyl-5-deoxy-5-(diethyl thiophosphonate)-1,2-O-isopropylidene-α-d-glucofuranose and 6-O-benzyl-5-deoxy-5-(diethyl thiophosphonate)-1,2-O-isopropylidene-α-l-idofuranose (2:5 or 5:2 mol ratio), and 5-deoxy-l,2-O-isopropylidene-3-O-methyl-α-d-xylofuranose-4-ene gave 5-deoxy-5-(diethyl thiophosphonate)-1,2-O-isopropylidene-3-O-methyl-α-d-xylofuranose.
Nitroalkenylferrocene. III. Condensation Reaction of Acetylferrocene Using Lewis Acid and Cyclic Amine
Authors: Kono Hiromichi , Shiga Mikio , Motyoama Izumi , Hata Kazuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Acetylferrocene reacted with nitromethane and morpholine in the presence of titanium(IV) chloride to give a Mannich base, 2-ferrocenyl-2-morpholino-1-nitropropane (7), whose sodium salt (8) was then converted to 2-ferrocenyl-1-nitropropene (9) by acidifying it with hydrochloric acid. In the presence of aluminum chloride in place of titanium (IV) chloride, acetylferrocene as well as 1,1′-diacetylferrocene dimerized to form α,β-unsaturated ketone, (10) or (11).
Kinetic Studies of Solvolysis. XVI. Phenolysis of cis- and trans-4-t-Butylcyclohexy p-Toluenesulfonates. Rates and Product Distribution
Authors: Okamoto Kunio , Saitô Seiki , Shingu Haruo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The rates of the phenolysis of cis- and trans-4-t-butylcyclohexyl p-toluenesulfonates have been measured in the presence of equimolar amounts of triethylamine in phenol, phenol-benzene (3 : 1 by wt), and phenol-benzene (1 : 1 by wt) solvents. At 75°C, the axial isomer, i.e., the cis tosylate, phenolyzes more rapidly in the phenol-benzene mixture (1 : 1 by wt) than the equatorial isomer, i.e., the trans tosylate, by a factor of 3.08; this factor is not far from the axial-equatorial rate ratios observed in other hydroxylic solvents, indicating that phenol is a typical solvolytic solvent. Under the same reaction conditions as the rate measurements, the equatorial tosylate yields t-butylcyclo-hexene (72.5%), t-butylcyclohexyl phenyl ether (9.4%), predominantly inverted (cis-4-t-butylcyclo-hexyl) phenyl ether, and t-butylcyclohexylphenol (4.4%), whereas the axial tosylate yields t-butyl-cyclohexene (87%) and the phenyl ether (8.7%), largely inverted (trans-4-t-butylcyclohexyl) phenyl ether, but containing increasing amounts of retained (cis-4-t-butylcyclohexyl) and and rearranged (trans-3-t-butylcyclohexyl) ethers; the rest is a mixture of t-butylcyclohexylphenols (1.6%). The composition percentages of the retained phenyl ether obtained from the two tosylates, i.e., 20.4% for the cis tosylate and 12.9% for the trans tosylate, indicate the highest extents of retention for phenol among those known for any other hydroxylic solvents. The initially added t-butylcyclohexenes exert no influence on the olefin or on the phenyl ether composition, whereas triethylammonium and diethylammonium p-toluenesulfonates, when added initially, enhance the phenolysis rate and exert a small but definite influence on the composition of the phenyl ether. The hypothesis of the hydrogen-bridged cation, proposed in order to explain the enhanced rate of the cis isomer and in order to elucidate the retained solvolysis product, has been questioned by a consideration of the mechanism on the basis of the results of this phenolysis.
Reaction of Modified Polypropylene Fiber Containing the Glycidyl Group with Several Amines and Ammonia
Authors: Mizutani Yukio , Kusumoto K\={o}shi , Matsuoka Seishir\={o} , Tani Mitsuo , Suda Yoshio , Shirota Tadashi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Polypropylene was modified by the blending of the fine powdery copolymer of glycidyl methacrylate and divinyl benzene, and this modified polypropylene fiber was treated with diethyl amine, diethanol amine, monoethanol amine, and ammonia. The reactivity order was as follows: monoethanol amine&gt;diethyl amine&gt;diethanol amine= ammonia. Consequently, the resultant fiber showed water-wettability and could be dyed with an acidic dye.
Spectroscopic Investigation of Foreign Gas Effects upon CO2 Laser Frequencies
Authors: Suzuki Isao , Suzuki Shigeko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The change in the oscillation frequencies of a CO2 laser was examined when foreign gases were introduced into a cell placed inside the cavity. Several gases which have absorption bands around 10 μ region were investigated: sulfur hexafluoride, ammonia, ethylene, trans-dichloroethylene, methyl bromide, trichloroethylene, acrolein, and isopropyl alcohol. The CW laser oscillations in the P-branch of the 9.6 μ band as well as those in the R-branch of the 10.6 μ band were observed when some foreign gases with appropriate pressures were introduced in the cavity. It was also found that the presence of ammonia or methyl bromide even in a very low pressure suppressed the usually strong P(20) line of the 10.6 μ band. This is interpreted as due to a near coincidence of the laser line with one of the vibration-rotation transitions in these molecules.
Studies of the Mixed Chromium(III) Complexes Containing Ethylenediamine-N,N′-diacetic Acid
Authors: Fujii Yuki , Yamamoto Katsumi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Three new mixed chromium (III) complexes containing ethylenediamine-N,N′-diacetic acid (EDDA) and amino acid, [Cr(edda)(L)] (L= anion of glycine, α-alanine and β-alanine), were prepared from [Cr2(OH)2(edda)2]·6H2O. On the basis of their chemical analyses and the visible and infrared absorption spectra, the geometrical structure of the three mixed ligand complexes was estimated to be the facial form with respect to the coordinated three nitrogen atoms, where the configuration of the coordinated edda was inferred to take the β-form (cis with respect to the coordinated oxygen atoms of edda). The new mixed ligand complex containing the glycine anion, [Cr(ox)(gly)(en)]·H2O, was also prepared from cis-[Cr(ox)(H2O)2(en)]Br, and its geometry was discussed in the connection with its visible absorption spectrum.
Adsorption of N′-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-ethylenediamine-N,N,N′-triacetic Acid on the Hydrogen Form of Resin
Authors: Hagiwara Zenzi , Oki Hideo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The adsorption of HEDTA (H3Ch) on the hydrogen form of Dowex 50W, X-8, 100–200 mesh, has been studied as a function of the concentration of H3Ch in the aqueous phase. The experiments were performed by means of either the column or a combination of the column and batch methods, with the latter being employed for the adsorption of HEDTA on the resin in equilibrium with dilute solutions. In solutions up to approximately 0.07 mol/l, such as H3Ch, the experimental data are consistent with the Langmuir equation expressed by: [H3Ch]/(‾ChT⁄E)=1⁄Bk+[H3Ch]⁄B. The adsorbed amount is represented in the term ‾ChT⁄E, where ‾ChT is the total amount of cationic species of HEDTA on the resin, and E, the exchange capacity of resin. A good straight line is obtained with B=0.571 and K=0.420. The results show that, because of a high concentration of hydrogen ion inside the resin, the adsorbed HEDTA is present mainly in the H5Ch2+ species and partly in the H4Ch+ species.
Constitution of Mucilage from Ulva Conglobata. I. Separation of Rhamnobiose Derivative by Partial Methanolysis
Authors: Mita Kiyo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Partial methanolysis of the mucilage from Ulva conglobata gave methyl α-l-rhamnoside (29.07%), methyl α-d-xyloside (7.04%) and methyl α-d-glucoside (5.13%). Separation of a new disaccharide (methyl α-l-rhamnobioside, 3.4%) from methanolysate was achieved chromatographically. The biose was attacked by maltase but not by emulsin. The results and infrared spectrum show that the rhamnobiose derivative consists of rhamnose units linked by α-link.
The Diels-Alder Reactions of Polychloro-2,4-cyclohexadienones
Authors: Somekawa Kenichi , Matsuo Taku , Kumamoto Sanetada 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
2,3,4,5,6,6-Hexachloro-, 2,3,4,6,6-pentachloro-, and 2,4,6,6-tetrachloro-2,4-cyclohexadienones were found to undergo Diels-Alder reactions when the compounds were heated with such dienophiles as acrylic acid, methyl acrylate, methyl vinyl ketone, acrylonitrile, and ethyl vinyl ether. It was concluded, chiefly through analysis of these NMR spectra, that the reactions proceed stereospecifically to give a series of 7-substituted and polychlorinated bicyclo-[2.2.2] oct-5-en-2-ones, which is in agreement with the endo rule. The stereospecificity of these adducts does not, however, agree with the results of calculations by means of the perturbation method.
n–π* Electronic Spectra of 2-Methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone in the Vapour Phase
Authors: Baruah G D , Singh S Nath , Singh R S 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The visible emission glow of 2-methyl 1,4-naphthoquinone has been excited by an uncondensed transformer discharge in the presence of flowing vapour of benzene. The vapour absorption spectrum of the molecule has also been investigated in the region 4900–3800 Å at different temperature.
The Yields of Photonuclear Reactions in Titanium and Vanadium with Bremsstrahlung up to 60 MeV
Authors: Oka Yoshinaga , Kato Toyoaki , Sato Nobuyoshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The yields of a number of radioactive nuclei produced by (γ,xnyp) reactions on titanium and vanadium targets have been determined at four different bremsstrahlung maximum energies, 30, 45, 55 and 60 MeV, with the aid of radiochemical methods and gamma-ray spectrometric measurements. The linear electron accelerator of Tohoku University was the bremsstrahlung source. Yields have been expressed as production rates of given radioactive end-products relative to that of the 12C(γ,n)11C process. Over the range of energies investigated, the yield of each nuclide increases with increasing maximum energy. The yield of a reaction with the emission of more than one nucleon appeared to be strongly energy dependent. Reaction paths leading to the formation of each nuclide were investigated. The photoproduction of 47Ca from titanium has been observed.
Studies of Aminosugars. XXII. The Total Synthesis of Kanamycin A
Authors: Umezawa Sumio , Tatsuta Kuniaki , Koto Shinkiti 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
6-O-(3-Amino-3-deoxy-α-d-glucopyranosyl)-2-deoxystreptamine, which was previously synthesized, was masked with carbobenzoxy, isopropylidene and benzyl groups to give 6-O-(2-O-benzyl-3-carbobenzoxyamino-3-deoxy-4,6-O-isopropylidene-α-d-glucopyranosyl)-N,N′-dicarbobenzoxy-2-deoxystreptamine, with which 2,3,4-tri-O-benzyl-6-(N-benzylacetamido)-6-deoxy-α-d-glucopyranosyl chloride was condensed by a modified Koenigs-Knorr reaction, to give an α,α-diglycoside compound. The identity of the product with a substance of the same structure derived from natural kanamycin A was shown. Removal of the masking groups gave the synthetic kanamycin A, which was identical to the natural specimen.
Kinetics and Mechanism of Oxidation of d-Glucose and d-Fructose by Potassium Ferricyanide in the Presence of Ammonia
Authors: Gupta K C , Singh M P 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The reaction rate is independent of the concentration of ferricyanide ion and directly proportional to both the reducing sugar and ammonia concentration. The reaction is of general basic catalysis in nature. The reaction rate is decreased with the addition of ammonium chloride due to common ion effect. The catalytic constants kOH− and kNH3 have been calculated graphically. The reaction rate is, also, decreased with the gradual decrease in dielectric constant of the solvent and increased with the gradual increase in ionic strength. The rate expression obtained is as:
(Remark: Graphics omitted.)
Copolymerization of β-Cyanoacrolein with Acrylonitrile
Authors: Takemura Ichiro , Sumitomo Hiroshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Radical initiated copolymerization of β-cyanoacrolein (CAL, M2) with acrylonitrile (M1) in benzene at 60°C was investigated. The monomer reactivity ratios were determined to be r1=3.2 and r2=0. The copolymerization behavior is discussed in comparison with that in the system of styrene and CAL previously described. The Q and e values of CAL were also estimated to be 0.53 and 2.07, respectively, which were compared with those of other polar monomers.
Electrical Conductance of Molten Salt Systems: Ag2O-B2O3 and Ag2O-Na2O-B2O3
Authors: Kodama Hiroshi , Kimura Yoshihiro , Yokokawa Toshio , Niwa Kichizo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The electrical resistance of the Ag2O-B2O3 and Ag2O-Na2O-B2O3 systems has been measured in the approximate temperature range from 750 to 1000°C. The equivalent conductance at 900°C and the activation energy of the conductance for the Ag2O-B2O3 system were calculated. They were then compared with the corresponding values of alkali borate melts. The results led to the conclusion that the silver ion is not bound to the oxygen ion in the melt, but behaves like Li+, Na+, and K+ which are known to be monovalent network modifiers and to be free to move in the melt.
Amination of Benzoic Acid in the γ-Radiolysis of Liquid Ammonia
Authors: Sakumoto Akihisa 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Ammonia and aqueous ammonia solutions of benzoic acid, 14C-carboxyl labeled, were irradiated with 60Co γ-rays at absorbed doses of 1.9×1020 and 4.4×1020eV/g respectively. The irradiation temperature was 0°C in both cases. An isotope dilution method was applied to measure the products in irradiated solutions. The G values of o-, m-, and p-aminobenzoic acids were 0.016, 0.022, and 0.027 respectively in an ammonia solution. On the other hand, the G values of products in an aqueous ammonia solution were 0.011, 0.013, and 0.017 for o-, m-, and p-aminobenzoic acids and 0.029, 0.033, and 0.040 for o-, m-, and p-hydroxybenzoic acids. The disappearance of benzoic acid in an ammonia solution corresponded to a G value of about 1.46. From the ratio of the relative partial rate factors, it was deduced that the aminating agent was the amino radical in both cases.
Reaction of trans-Stilbene with n-Butyllithium in Tetrahydrofuran
Authors: Okamoto Yoshio , Kato Masahiko , Yuki Heimei 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The reaction of trans-stilbene with n-butyllithium was investigated in tetrahydrofuran at 0°C. The structures of the products fractionated by column chromatography were determined by elementary analysis, a molecular-weight determination, and a study of the IR, UV, and NMR spectra. The main products were 1,2-diphenylhexane, 1,2-diphenylethane, and 1,2,3-triphenyl-propene which was formed by the cleavage of a C–C bond of a product. The reaction mixture showed an ESR signal. The observed results are explained in terms of the anionic copolymerization of trans-stilbene and styrene reported previously.
Semi-Empirical ASMO SCF Method for the Valence Electron System. The Electronic Structures of Protonated Pyridinium and Diazinium Cations
Authors: Kato Hiroshi , Katô Hajime , Konishi Hideyuki , Yonezawa Teijiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Using a semi-empirical ASMO SCF method for valence electron systems previously proposed by the present authors, the valence shell electronic structures of various protonated azines are investigated. The compounds treated in the present paper are monoprotonated pyridinium, mono-, and diprotonated diazinium cations. The calculated results show that quite large charge redistributions on both σ and π electron systems in these cations take place in the protonation, while about a 0.7 e charge migrates to the attached protons. As to the transition energies, the lowest π–π* transitions exhibit slight red shifts, while the n–π* transitions would be expected to cause large blue shifts by means of protonation. Several models for protonated cations are compared, and the configuration where the proton is situated on the bisector of the CNC(N) angle and in the molecular plane is shown to be the most stable one. The changes in Fock’s operators upon protonation are also briefly discussed.
Some Thermal Properties of Metal Chelates of o-Acylphenols and of Their Ketimine Derivatives
Authors: Matsumoto Seiichiro , Kobayashi Hiroshi , Ueno Keihei 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The beryllium chelates of 2-hydroxy-3-methylacetophenone, 2-hydroxy-3-isopropylisobutyrophenone and 2-hydroxyacetophenone, and the copper- and nickel chelates of the ketimine derivatives of 2-trifluoroacetylphenol and 2-hydroxyisobutyrophenone in addition to the above o-acylphenols were synthesized. The thermal stability and relative volatility of these chelate compounds, measured by means of a thermogravimetric method, were found to be strongly increased by introduction of bulky alkyl or trifluoromethyl groups.
Cobalt(IV) Ammine Complexes with 5-Nitrosalicylato or Similar Ligands. III. Electric Resistivity, Magnetic Susceptibility, and ESR
Authors: Yamamoto Yoshihisa 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The electric and magnetic properties of a series of 5-nitrosalicyclato ammine cobalt (IV) complexes (paramagnetic), the salicylato ammine cobalt (III) complex (diamagnetic), μ-superoxodicobalt ammine complexes (paramagnetic), and the μ-peroxodicobalt ammine complex were studied. The resistivity(ρ) at room temperature and the energy gap(ε) for paramagnetic complexes were in the range of, ρ=7.6×1011−1.5×1010Ω cm and ε=0.75−1.1 eV, whereas those for diamagnetic complexes were in the range of ρ=1012−1014Ω cm and ε=0.75−1.2 eV. The magnetic susceptibilities of the paramagnetic complexes obeyed the Curie-Weiss law, with comparatively large Curie-Weiss constants (−18−26°). The g-values and line widths (ΔHmsl) in the ESR signals at room temperature were determined for powdered samples of 5-nitrosalicylatotetraamminecobalt(IV) complexes and their derivatives. The ESR parameters obtained were in the range of g=2.0030−2.0070 and ΔHmsl=22.0−30.6 Oe for powders.