bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A New Tropism of the Urban Fabric in the Face of Risk and Uncertainty in the Developing Countries
Authors: Haddad Ismail 
Published: April 2024

Today, more than four billion people live in cities and slums rather than in the countryside, and most of the future population increase worldwide will occur in urban areas according to the World Population Prospects 2019. It is to be expected that demographic growth in the world will take place in developing countries, with a particular emphasis on the developing countries in the decades to come. Likewise, in cities, urban poverty increases and exceeds the capacity of governments to provide adequate basic services and infrastructure.
This article examines urbanization as a global trend shaping the future. Based on a holistic analysis, we discuss major transformations in urbanization and their impact on the state’s role, with a focus on developing countries. We introduce the dimensions of public?private partnerships in social infrastructure. Our major objective is to construct a public policy framework to alleviate the problems generated by rapid urbanization. We argue that it is possible for city managers and policymakers to develop a public?private partnership for an object to the urban infrastructures of social projects. Finally, we design options for actions related to public?private partnerships. We hope that creating an enabling environment in urban areas will achieve the United Nations’ Millennium Sustainable Goals.
Impact Of Corporate Governance Mechanism On Capital Structure Decision On Non-Financial Sectors Of Emerging Countries
Authors: Rahman Dr. Shams Ur , Adnan Muhmmad , Jan Nasim Akhtar , Nasreen Dr. Farah , Shah Dr Naveed Hussain , Iqbal Arshad 
Published: April 2024

The study aimed to evaluate the effect of Corporate Governance Dynamic on Leverage on non-financial sectors of emerging countries (Pakistan, India, and Bangladesh ) during the study period of 2014 to 2023. The nature of the study is quantitative and secondary therefore data has been extracted from the respective websites of the companies and stock exchange from the pharmaceutical, cement, and food industries. Moreover, the Random effect model was used to on the bases of diagnostic test to identify the cause and effect. The findings of the study reveal that director remuneration, and board education in Pakistan showed positive and significant effects but Board size, board experience showed significant and negative effects on the capital structure decision. While board diversity, firm size found an insignificant association with leverage in Pakistan. For firm size showed an insignificant effect but board size, direct remuneration, and board education showed a negative and significant effect on leverage while board experience, board diversity was a positive and significant effect on leverage. Moreover, in India, board experience, board diversity, and board education was a significant but negative effect on leverage but board size, direct remuneration, firm size showed a positive and significant effect on the leverage of non-financial firms.
Klasifikasi Image Jenis Kayu pada Furnitur dengan Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Sipayung Evasaria Magdalena , Christopher R. Edward 
Published: April 2024

Kayu memiliki berbagai macam jenis. Setiap jenis kayu memiliki pola-pola tertentu dengan warna yang beragam. Dalam menentukan jenis kayu maka perlu dilakukan sebuah klasifikasi dengan menggunakan metode Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). Dengan penggunaan CNN dapat dilakukan ekstraksi sebuah fitur kemudian fitur-fitur tersebut akan menjadi data dalam menentukan klasifikasi jenis kayu. Data gambar kayu yang dikumpulkan dari data augmentasi adalah sebanyak 120 gambar dengan jenis kayu jati, mahoni, oak, dan pinus. Keempat kelas jenis kayu tersebut memiliki perbandingam data latih 70% dan data uji 30%. Masing-masing kelas menggunakan empat convolutional layer dengan filter 32, 32, 64, dan 64 dan menggunakan pool size sebesar 2x2 dengan neuron (hidden layer) sebanyak 512. Pengujian website image classification dengan menggunakan metode confusion matrix didapatkan akurasi sebesar 80,5% dari pengujian yang dilakukan pada data uji.

Different types of wood have unique patterns and colors. A classification process is necessary to identify the type of wood using the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) method. This method enables feature extraction, which becomes the data used to classify wood species. The wood image data collected from augmentation data consists of 120 images, including teak, mahogany, oak, and pine wood types. The four wood species classes have a 70% training data and a 30% test data ratio. Each class uses four convolutional layers with filters of 32, 32, 64, and 64, and a pool size of 2x2 with 512 neurons in the hidden layer. Testing the image classification website using the confusion matrix method resulted in an accuracy of 80.5%.
SISTEM MUKHABARAH PENGGARAP TANAH DENGAN PEMILIK TANAH PERKEBUNAN JAGUNG DI DESA KOTAWAY KECAMATAN BUAY PEMACA
Authors: Jauhari Muhammad , Agustin Milani 
Published: April 2024

Mukhabarah adalah bentuk kerja sama antara pemilik tanah dan penggarap dengan perjanjian bahwa hasilnya akan dibagi antara pemilik tanah dan penggarap menurut kesepakatan bersama, sedangkan biaya dan bibitnya dari penggarap tanah. Mukhabarah disesbut juga dengan “paroan”. Dan masyarakat sering mempraktikkannya, karena terdapat manfaat yang besar, baik bagi pemilik tanah maupun bagi petani penggarap. perkebunan jagung di Desa Kotaway Kecamatan Buay Pemaca Kabupaten OKU Selatan menggunakan penelitian kualitatif, penelitian ini dilakukan dengan maksud untuk memahami fenomena tentang apa yang dialami oleh subjek penelitian, misalnya tingkah laku,Sudut pandang, arahani dan sebagainya secara menyeluruh dan dalam bentuk lisan, bahasa dan tulisan pada suatu kejadian yang alamiah, pendekatan dalam penelitian ini kualitatif. Mukhabarah yang di lakukan pada dasarnya tergantung dari kesepakatan kedua belah pihak, bisa setengah, sepertiga, seperempat, dan sebagainya. Kerja sama yang dilakukan masyarakat Desa Kotaway Kecamatan Buay Pemaca Kabupaten OKU Selatan merupakan sistem kerja sama mukhabarah
PENGARUH PENGETAHUAN, RELIGIUSITAS, DAN KUALITAS PELAYANAN TERHADAP LOYALITAS NASABAH PADA BANK SUMSEL BABEL SYARIAH KCP UIN RADEN FATAH PALEMBANG
Authors: Riska Nuari  , Disfa Lidian Handayani  , Abubakar Sidik  
Published: April 2024

This study aims to analyze or find out how the influence of Knowledge, Religiosity and Service Quality on Customer Loyalty of Bank Sumsel Babel Syariah KCP Uin Raden Fatah Palembang. This study uses quantitative methods and uses primary data by distributing questionnaires to 100 respondents. Furthermore, analysis was carried out with the validity test, reliability test, classical assumption test, multiple linear regression analysis and hypothesis testing using the T test and F test. Processed using the SPSS Version 26 program.
The research results show that the knowledge variable has a positive and significant effect on Customer Loyalty. The Religiosity variable has a positive and significant effect on Customer Loyalty. The Service Quality variable has a positive and significant effect on Customer Loyalty. So it is obtained that all variables simultaneously have a positive and significant effect.
A Study of Frequency of Anemia in Pregnant Females in Tertiary Care Hospital, Islamabad
Authors: Ali Hassni Mohsin , Jalil Iqra , Tariq Muhammad Mobeen , Abbasi Huma , Qalander Sunaina , Bari Fazal , Rahman Muhammad Zia Ul , Bint e Nasir Zainab 
Published: April 2024

Background: Anemia is among the most public hematological disorders, especially in pregnancy. It is a nutritional deficiency disorder that affects pregnant women, mainly in underdeveloped countries. Pregnant women who suffer from anemia often have bad pregnancy outcomes and may lead to difficulties that endanger both the mother's and the fetus's health. This study aimed was to determine the frequency of anemia among pregnant women in tertiary care hospitals in Islamabad.
Material and Methods: This cross-sectional investigation was carried out in the Dr. Akbar Niazi Teaching Hospital's pathology and gynecology department in Islamabad. All the pregnant women who visited for antenatal check-ups from January 2021 to December 2021 were involved in the study. Data was taken through a specially designed proforma and statistical analysis was accomplished using SPSS version 21.
Results: A total number of 93 pregnant females were enrolled in the study. The average age of pregnant women was 30.6 ± 6.0 (20-43). The average hemoglobin in our study population was 11.1± 1.4 (8-13 g/dL). The mean range of WBC counts was 11,304/mm3 ±7722 (4100/mm3 - 81000/mm3), the mean value of RBC count was 4.1 mil/mm3 ± 0.6 (2-5 mil/mm3). The overall prevalence of anemia in pregnant females was 45% (n=42). Out of 42 pregnant anemic women, 25 (59%) had normocytic normochromic type of anemia, 15 (36%) had microcytic type of anemia, and 2 (5%) had macrocytic type of anemia. Mild anemia was recorded in 26 (30%) of the pregnant females, while moderate anemia was recorded in 16 (17%) of the pregnant females, and 51 (55%) of the pregnant females had no anemia.
Conclusion: Anemia was found in the majority of pregnant females visiting tertiary care teaching hospitals. The frequency of mild anemia was high and also according to severity. The most common morphological type of anemia was normocytic normochromic. The overall prevalence of anemia in pregnancy was 45% (n=42).55% of pregnant women were non-anemic and new severe anemia was detected.
Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Urine Culture in Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital Islamabad, Pakistan
Authors: Ali Hassni Mohsin , Hussain Arif , Rahman Muhammad Zia Ul , Khan Mohammad Shahzaib , Iftikhar Hassan , Hasni Khalil , Hassni Nadir , Hasni Aftab Ahmad 
Published: April 2024

Background: Urine cultures are performed in laboratories to identify any bacteria or other microorganisms present in urine samples. The purpose of this study was to investigate the microorganisms growing resistant to antibiotics in the urine culture and their antibiotics susceptibility testing.
Methods: For this investigation, the Microbiology Department's hospital management information systems records provided the culture and sensitivity data of the uropathogens found in urine samples. Urine samples collected midstream were prepared for microscopy and culture, and the organisms were identified using globally accepted methods. The Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method was used to determine antibiotic susceptibility in accordance with hospital clinical and laboratory standards as well as international protocols. In this investigation, the information and data were assessed using descriptive statistics.
Results: A total number of 207 urine culture data were extracted from the hospital management information system records of which, 116 samples showed positive bacterial growth. Candida had positive growth in 16.4%. Out of positive samples gender-wise, females were in the majority 66.4% and males were 33.6%. Escherichia coli bacteria frequently isolated in positive samples 58/116 (50%), whereas, Enterococcus spp were positive in 17 patients out of 116 (14.7 %). Gram-negative rods were positive in 16 patients out of 116 (13.8%), Klebsiella spp were positive in 4 patients out of 116(3.4%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were least positive in only 2 patients out of 116 positive samples (1.7 %).
Conclusion: In our study according to gender distribution female frequency was higher than males. Escherichia coli bacteria were the most common isolate in positive samples, whereas, Enterococcus spp were observed. Vancomycin was most sensitive in all urine cultures against all organisms and Erythromycin was most resistant in urine culture. Antimicrobial resistance is a serious subject on national and international levels that needs continued surveillance and resolute management.
Knowledge, Attitudes and Beliefs of Clinical Physiotherapists Towards Chronic Back Pain
Authors: Khan Hafiz Yaseen , Haider Khan Sameer , Gillani Aitasham , Gillani Aqdas , Yousaf Mahnoor , Sarah Qandeel Hafiza , Daud Muhammad 
Published: April 2024

Background: Millions of people worldwide suffer from the common and severe ailment known as chronic low back pain. Effective management of this condition involves not only information but also positive attitudes and beliefs on the part of healthcare practitioners. Clinical physiotherapists play an important role in the treatment of individuals suffering from persistent low back pain. The purpose of this study was to investigate clinical physiotherapists' knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about chronic low back pain.
Methods: The study included 98 clinical physiotherapists, representing a diverse population in terms of gender and age in Hayatabad Peshawar. The HC-PAIRS (healthcare providers pain and impairment ratio scale) were filled from the clinical physiotherapists for assessing their Attitudes and beliefs towards chronic low back pain. The NPQ were also filled for checking the knowledge of clinical physiotherapist about chronic low back pain.
Results: The average knowledge score of the clinical physiotherapists in the study was 7.7959, showing a relatively good degree of understanding of chronic low back pain. A wide range of knowledge scores, ranging from 2.00 to 12.00, revealed significant heterogeneity. Surprisingly, the study found unfavorable attitudes and beliefs among clinical physiotherapists, with higher scores suggesting stronger agreement that persistent low back pain warrants disability and activity restriction.
Conclusion: Presence of unfavorable attitudes highlights the importance of focused interventions and training programs to improve patient care in this environment. The study emphasizes the changing nature of healthcare practice, with personal experiences, exposure to diverse treatment techniques, and evolving viewpoints within the field of physiotherapy possibly influencing attitudes and beliefs.
Dietary Supplementation of Chromium Picolinate does not affect Growth Performance and Feed Conversion Ratio of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Authors: Mahato Ishori Singh , Paudel Krishna 
Published: April 2024

Aims: A growth experiment was conducted to explore the impact of dietary chromium on the growth performance and feed conversion ratio of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).
Study Design: Original Research Article
Place and Duration of Study: Fisheries Research Station (FRS), Trishuli Nepal, between November 1 to January 29, 2023.
Methodology: A total of 270 healthy and equal sized- O. mykiss (initial weight: 27g) were fed on a non-supplemented basal diet (Cr-Pic0), or a basal diet supplemented with 0.4g/kg Cr-Pic (Cr-Pic0.4), or a basal diet supplemented with 1.2g/kg Cr-Pic (Cr-Pic1.2) for 90 days. Each diet was randomly assigned to three replicate groups of 30 fish per flowthrough raceway tanks for 90 days and fed to apparent satiation twice daily.
Results: Upon conclusion of the feeding trial, the results showed no significant differences in final weight, weight gain, specific growth rate, or condition factor among treatments (P>0.05). There were also no significant differences in the survival rate and feed conversion ratio of the rainbow trout fed various experimental diets (P>0.05).
Conclusion: The results suggest that growth performance, food conversion, and survival of rainbow trout fingerlings are not affected by 0.4 or 1.2 mg/kg supplementation of Cr-Pic in diet.
Antimicrobial Efficacy of Tiliroside Derived from Cordia macleodii against Klebsiella pneumoniae
Authors: Patel Minarbha , Agrawal Ankita , Patel Amiya Kumar 
Published: April 2024

Antibiotic resistance is a global healthcare threat that has limited the effective life span of commercial medications. Medicinal plants are the reservoir of bioactive compounds that have antibacterial and antibiofilm activities and are potent source of new antimicrobial agents Therefore, the screening of plant derived phytochemicals has been increased significantly to access the hidden treasure to combat microbial infections. In the current study, preliminary analysis of methanolic extract of Cordia macleodii leaf revealed the existence of various flavonoids including tiliroside. In vitro antimicrobial assay of methanolic extract and bioactive compound (Tiliroside) showed antibacterial and antibiofilm activity against MDR pathogen. The MIC value of methanolic leaf extract and tiliroside was found to be 5 percent and 50mM respectively. Methanolic extract of Cordia macleodii leaf as well as tiliroside at sub-MIC value significantly mitigated the biofilm formation. In silico molecular docking analysis of tiliroside against the targeted protein was also determined to predict the possible binding site. Transcriptomic analysis determined the significance of tiliroside in the reduced expression of certain genes (bssS and metE), which are involved in biofilm formation in Klebsiella pneumoniae. Overall, the methanolic extract of C. macleodii leaf with varying degree of antimicrobial potency might be used as potent alternative to conventional antibiotics to combat MDR mediated infections.
Intraoperative Allogeneic Red Blood Cell Transfusion in Ampullary Cancer Outcome after Curative Pancreatoduodenectomy: A Clinical Study and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Yao Hou Shan , Wang Qiang , Wang Wei Jun , Hu Zhi Qian 
Published: June 2008

AbstractBackgroundAllogeneic blood transfusion (ABT) containing packed red blood cells (RBCs) has a known immunosuppressive effect that may affect cancer metastases and recurrence. This study examined whether intraoperative allogeneic RBC transfusion is an independent risk factor of adverse outcome in patients with ampullary carcinoma after curative pancreatoduodenectomy.MethodsThe clinical data of 67 patients with carcinoma of the ampulla of Vatar underwent pancreatoduodenectomy between 1999 and 2004 were analyzed, and long‐term follow‐up visits were made for all patients. Kaplan–Meier statistics and Cox proportional hazard methodology were used to perform univariate and multivariate analysis to identify independent risk factors for survival. For the meta‐analysis, all English‐language studies regarding blood transfusion from carcinoma of the ampulla of Vatar or ampullary carcinoma and prognostic factors or factors for survival from 1995 to 2007 were reviewed, and contingency tables were constructed from which a summary relative risk was calculated.ResultsThere were 43 patients (64.2%) who received an intraoperative ABT. The amount of intraoperative ABT ranged from 2 to 13 (mean, 4.25) units; there were 18 patients transfused at 2 units, and 25 patients transfused ≥3 units. The follow‐up ranged from 2 to 90 (mean, 49) months. Forty‐five patients (67.2%) died as a result of tumor progression. For patients transfused ≥3 units, median and cumulative 3‐year and 5‐year survivals were poorer significantly than that of patients transfused with 2 units and/or nontransfused patients (P < 0.05). After multivariate analysis, except for presence of lymph node metastasis (P = 0.023) and pancreatic invasion (P = 0.024), the intraoperative ABT ≥3 units was found to be an independent poor prognostic factor for those with ampullary cancer after curative pancreatoduodenectomy either (relative risk, 2.082; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.048–4.135; P = 0.036). Meta‐analysis of 346 patients showed the summary relative risk of an adverse outcome after intraoperative ABT in these studies was 2.55 (95% CI, 1.59–4.1).ConclusionsThe amount of intraoperative ABT is one of the important factors that adversely influenced survival in patients with ampullary cancer after curative pancreatoduodenectomy. Healing anemia preoperatively and careful dissection to minimize intraoperative bleeding as much as possible are mandatory for reducing risk of the intraoperative ABT.
Density dependence in northern ungulates: interactions with predation and resources
Authors: Wang Guiming , Hobbs N. Thompson , Twombly Saran , Boone Randall B. , Illius Andrew W. , Gordon Iain J. , Gross John E. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractVariation in the abundance of animals has traditionally been explained as the outcome of endogenous forcing from density dependence and exogenous forcing arising from variation in weather and predation. Emerging evidence suggests that the effects of density dependence interact with external influences on population dynamics. In particular, spatial heterogeneity in resources and the presence of capable predators may weaken feedbacks from density dependence to growth of populations. We used the Kalman filter to analyze 23 time series of estimates of abundance of northern ungulate populations arrayed along a latitudinal gradient (latitude range of 40°–70°N) to evaluate the influence of spatial heterogeneity in resources and predation on density dependence. We also used contingency tables to test whether density dependence was independent of the presence of carnivores (our estimate of predation) and multiple regressions to determine the effects of spatial heterogeneity in resources, predation, and latitude on the strength of density dependence. Our results showed that the strength of density dependence of ungulate populations was low in the presence of large carnivores, particularly at northern latitudes with low primary productivity. We found that heterogeneity in elevation, which we assume acted as a surrogate for spatial heterogeneity in plant phenology, also reduced effects of density dependence. Thus, we show that external forces created by heterogeneity in resources and predation interact with internal feedbacks from population density to shape dynamics of populations of northern ungulates.
Identification and Occurrence of Steryl Glucosides in Palm and Soy Biodiesel
Authors: Van Hoed Vera , Zyaykina Nadezhda , De Greyt Wim , Maes Jeroen , Verhé Roland , Demeestere Kristof 
Published: June 2008

AbstractA problem of excessive sedimentation was detected in soy and palm biodiesel, preventing the product from complying with requirements on contamination/filterability. The objective of the study was to determine the nature of the sediment by different analytical techniques and to obtain data on the typical range of its components in industrially produced biodiesel samples. The sediment was investigated and the appearance of haze is linked to the presence of free steryl glucosides (FSG) above a certain concentration. This paper focuses on the original analytical approach, taking into account particular physical properties of FSG. Nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry were used as fast and reliable identification methods, without the need for a prior hydrolysis of the glucosidic bond. A GC method, including optimised sample preparation, was developed for the quantification of the FSG in biodiesel as well as in filter residues. The FSG concentrations in biodiesel produced by different processes ranged between 55 and 275 mg/kg for palm and from not detectable to 158 mg/kg for soy biodiesel.
The role of apelin in cardiovascular function and heart failure
Authors: Chandrasekaran Badrinathan , Dar Owais , McDonagh Theresa 
Published: June 2008

AbstractApelin is a novel peptide that acts through the APJ receptor, sharing similarities with the angiotensin II–angiotensin II type 1 receptor pathway. It is a peripheral vasodilator, powerful inotrope and may affect central fluid homeostasis. Animal and human studies suggest that it may play a role in the pathogenesis of heart failure by modulating the harmful effects of angiotensin II. Apelin is reduced in patients with heart failure and up regulated following favourable left ventricular remodelling. It is widely distributed in a number of tissues, mainly restricted to vascular endothelium. This comprehensive review of the literature highlights the important studies that have led to the discovery of apelin and its role in cardiovascular function and heart failure.