bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin as second‐line therapy in the treatment of patients with advanced classic Kaposi sarcoma
Authors: Di Lorenzo Giuseppe , Di Trolio Rossella , Montesarchio Vincenzo , Palmieri Giovanna , Nappa Paola , Delfino Mario , De Placido Sabino , Dezube Bruce J. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND.Classic Kaposi sarcoma (CKS) is a rare neoplasm that predominantly occurs in elderly subjects and has a variable clinical evolution. The clinical course is usually indolent, but occasionally the neoplasm progresses rapidly and spreads to internal organs, necessitating systemic chemotherapy. Because of the rarity of CKS, the best treatment has not been determined to date. To the authors' knowledge, few data exist regarding the use of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) as first‐line and second‐line treatment in advanced CKS. The current retrospective study investigated the activity and toxicity of PLD in pretreated patients with aggressive, nonvisceral CKS.METHODS.Patients were treated with PLD at a dose of 20 mg/m2 intravenously every 3 weeks until disease progression or the occurrence of intolerable side effects. Objective responses were determined after 3 and 6 cycles; toxicity was assessed every cycle. Secondary endpoints were pain intensity, progression‐free survival, and overall survival.RESULTS.Twenty men with pretreated CKS (median age, 67 years) were treated with PLD. All patients received at least 6 cycles of therapy. Complete and partial responses were observed in 2 patients (10%) and 14 patients (70%), respectively. Neutropenia was the most significant grade 3 hematologic toxicity observed (evaluated according to the National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria for Adverse Events [version 3.0]), occurring in 20% of patients. Only 1 patient (5%) demonstrated grade 4 neutropenia. Fourteen patients (70%) achieved remission of pain and/or edema after 6 cycles. The median progression‐free survival was 9 months (95% confidence interval, 5–13 months). At a median follow‐up of 36 months, 15 patients (75%) remained alive.CONCLUSIONS.PLD is associated with an improvement in objective response and pain intensity and is well tolerated as a second‐line treatment for CKS. Cancer 2008. © 2007 American Cancer Society.
TGF‐β signaling is dynamically regulated during the alveolarization of rodent and human lungs
Authors: Alejandre‐Alcázar Miguel A. , Michiels‐Corsten Matthias , Vicencio Alfin G. , Reiss Irwin , Ryu Julie , de Krijger Ronald R. , Haddad Gabriel G. , Tibboel Dick , Seeger Werner , Eickelberg Oliver , Morty Rory E. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractAlthough transforming growth factor‐beta (TGF‐β) signaling negatively regulates branching morphogenesis in early lung development, few studies to date have addressed the role of this family of growth factors during late lung development. We describe here that the expression, tissue localization, and activity of components of the TGF‐β signaling machinery are dynamically regulated during late lung development in the mouse and human. Pronounced changes in the expression and localization of the TGF‐β receptors Acvrl1, Tgfbr1, Tgfbr2, Tgfbr3, and endoglin, and the intracellular messengers Smad2, Smad3, Smad4, Smad6, and Smad7 were noted as mouse and human lungs progressed through the canalicular, saccular, and alveolar stages of development. TGF‐β signaling, assessed by phosphorylation of Smad2, was detected in the vascular and airway smooth muscle, as well as the alveolar and airway epithelium throughout late lung development. These data suggest that active TGF‐β signaling is required for normal late lung development. Developmental Dynamics 237:259–269, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
An energy trading system with consideration of CO2 emissions
Authors: Miyamoto Toshiyuki , Kitayama Tomohiro , Kumagai Sadatoshi , Mori Kazuyuki , Kitamura Syoichi , Shindo Seiichi 
Published: December 2007

AbstractAbatement of CO2 emission is one of the most important issues in the 21st century regarding preservation of the earth environment. This paper addresses a utility operations planning problem for distributed energy management systems (DEMSs), where we are to obtain optimal plans that minimize both costs and CO2 emissions. A DEMS consists of multiple entities that seek their own economic profits. In this paper, we give a mathematical formulation of the utility operations planning problem for each entity, and propose an energy trading market, which utlizes a multi‐attribute auction protocol in order to deal with both a price and a CO2 emission rate. Experimental results show that collaboration among entities through the market provides a more profitable plan for each entity and abatement of CO2 emission is also achieved. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 162(4): 54–63, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley. com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20418
CTLA‐4 disrupts ZAP70 microcluster formation with reduced T cell/APC dwell times and calcium mobilization
Authors: Schneider Helga , Smith Xin , Liu Hebin , Bismuth Georges , Rudd Christopher E. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractCTLA‐4 is a co‐receptor that modulates the threshold of T cell activation and autoimmunity. We previously showed that CTLA‐4 reverses the TCR‐mediated stop signal needed for T cell/APC interactions [Schneider et al., Science 2006, 313: 1972]. In this study, using a different T cell system, we show that CTLA‐4 expression changed the behavior of T8.1 T cells by reducing the contact time between T cell and APC, preventing re‐inforced contacts, and reducing the contact area at the immunological synapse. This led to a major reduction in Ca2+ influx/mobilization and interleukin‐2 production. Further, anti‐CD3/CTLA‐4 increased T cell motility on antibody‐coated glass slides, concurrent with an abrogation of ZAP70 microcluster formation. Our findings further support a role for CTLA‐4 in limiting the interaction between T cell and APC that is needed for optimal activation.
New Push‐Pull Chromophores Featuring TCAQ (11,11,12,12‐Tetracyano‐ 9,10‐anthraquinodimethane) and Other Dicyanovinyl Acceptors
Authors: Bureš Filip , Schweizer W. Bernd , Boudon Corinne , Gisselbrecht Jean‐Paul , Gross Maurice , Diederich François 
Published: December 2007

AbstractStable, highly colored push‐pull chromophores with NMe2 donor and C=C(CN)2 acceptor moieties, featuring intense intramolecular charge‐transfer (CT) bands in the UV/Vis spectra, are reported. In an attempt to prepare the quinoid push‐pull systems 2, chromophores 10 and 11, with a central cyclohexene spacer, were obtained and characterized by X‐ray analysis. A series of donor‐substituted TCAQ (11,11,12,12‐tetracyano‐9,10‐anthraquinodimethane) derivatives were synthesized, using the Knoevenagel condensation between appropriately functionalized anthraquinones and malononitrile, mediated by the Lehnert reagent (TiCl4/pyridine), as the key step. HCl addition to triple bonds was observed when this transformation was applied to alkynylated anthraquinones. Electrochemical studies by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and rotating‐disk voltammetry (RDV) showed that introduction of donor substituents into the TCAQ core of 25, 26, and 31 shifts the first reduction potential to more negative values, while chromophores bearing guanidine moieties (27, 28) displayed a specific and complex redox behavior. Both electrochemical and UV/Vis data provide good evidence that D–A conjugation is more efficient through olefinic (in 10) than through acetylenic (in 37) spacers. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
MicroRNA epigenetic alterations in human cancer: One step forward in diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Yang Nuo , Coukos George , Zhang Lin 
Published: December 2007

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are approximately 22 nt non‐coding RNAs, which regulate gene expression in a sequence‐specific manner via translational inhibition or messenger RNA (mRNA) degradation. Since the discovery of their fundamental mechanisms of action, the field of miRNAs has opened a new era in the understanding of small noncoding RNAs. By molecular cloning and bioinformatic approaches, miRNAs have been identified in viruses, plants and animals. miRNAs are predicted to negatively target up to one‐third of human mRNAs. Cancer is a complex genetic disease caused by abnormalities in gene structure and expression. Previous studies have heavily focused on protein‐coding genes; however, accumulating evidence is revealing an important role of miRNAs in cancer. Epigenetics is defined as mitotically and/or meiotically heritable changes in gene expression that are not accompanied by changes in DNA sequence. Given the critical roles of miRNAs and epigenetics in cancer, characterizing the epigenetic regulation of miRNAs will provide novel opportunities for the development of cancer biomarkers and/or the identification of new therapeutic targets in the foreseeable future. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The local inflammatory environment and microorganisms in “aseptic” loosening of hip prostheses
Authors: Hoenders Caroline S. M. , Harmsen Marco C. , van Luyn Marja J. A. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractLong term loosening of hip prostheses remains an important problem in orthopedics. Although various loosening mechanisms have been proposed, the exact process is still unclear. Particle disease and the pressure theory are widely known and generally accepted hypotheses to explain long term implant failure. Each proposed mechanism recognizes a local inflammatory response in which macrophages represent the main cell‐type and several proinflammatory and antiinflammatory cytokines (IL‐1β, IL‐6, TNFα, IL‐10, TGFβ), chemokines (IL‐8/CXCL8, MCP‐1/CCL2, RANTES/CCL5, MIP‐1α/CCL3) and other mediators (GM‐CSF, M‐CSF, MMP‐1, PDGF‐α, PGE2, IL‐11) are identified. The cytokines have different functions and some are capable of stimulating bone resorption in various ways; either directly or indirectly. Even though the implant loosening is thought to be “aseptic”, several studies suggested a possible role for bacteria and a bacterial biofilm in implant failure. Biofilm‐derived bacteria and bacterial products might have an underestimated and potential role in the loosening process. In this article we will discuss the possible role of a bacterial biofilm and the importance of the local surrounding environment in “aseptic” loosening of hip prostheses. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2008
Molecular epidemiology of HIV‐1 subtypes and drug resistant strains in Taiwan
Authors: Lan Yu‐Ching , Elbeik Tarek , Dileanis JoAnn , Ng Valerie , Chen Yen‐Ju , Leu Hsieh‐Shong , Cheng Shu‐Hsing , Wong Jen‐Chien , Wong Wing‐Wai , Chen Yi‐Ming A. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThe Taiwanese government has provided free highly active antiretroviral therapy since April 1997. Previously, we have reported on the molecular epidemiology of HIV‐1 in Taiwan from 1988 to 1998. In addition, an outbreak of circulating recombinant form (CRF) 07_BC among intravenous drug users was noted in 2004. Therefore, the purposes of this study were to elucidate the distribution of HIV‐1 subtypes among different high‐risk groups in Taiwan from 1999 to 2000 and to conduct surveillance on drug resistance among treatment naïve patients from 1997 to 2000. Blood samples from 239 HIV‐1/AIDS patients and their subtypes were examined using DNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. The results showed that among 226 male patients, 213 (94.2%) had subtype B, 11 (4.9%) had CRF01_AE, 1 had unique recombinant strain related to both CRF07_BC and CRF08_BC (strain T12‐99TW) and 1 had CRF08_BC (strain L9312‐00TW). The patients infected with T12‐99TW and L9312‐00TW were intravenous drug users and had needle‐sharing experiences in Yunnan Province, China. Of the 13 HIV‐1‐infected females, 7 (53.8%) had subtype B, 5 (38.5%) had CRF01_AE, and 1 (7.7%) had subtype C. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the neither strain T12‐99TW nor L9312‐00TW clustered with CRF07_BC strains isolated from Taiwanese intravenous drug users in 2004. In addition, 126 treatment naïve patients were selected for genotypic DR analysis and the results showed that 4.3% (2/47) homosexual males had M184V mutations. This is the first report on the identification of CRF08_BC and a unique recombinant strain related to both CRF07_BC and CRF08_BC in Taiwan. J. Med. Virol. 80:183–191, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Quantitative temporal and spatial distribution of adenovirus type 2 correlates with disease manifestations and organ failure during disseminated infection
Authors: Forstmeyer Dirk , Henke‐Gendo Cornelia , Bröcker Verena , Wildner Oliver , Heim Albert 
Published: December 2007

AbstractDisseminated adenovirus (HAdV) infections are serious complications in allogenic stem cell transplant (SCT) recipients. Quantitative HAdV DNA detection in blood samples demonstrated the association of high virus loads with disease and improved early diagnosis. However, the pathogenesis of disseminated HAdV disease, for example sources of HAdV DNA shedding in the blood stream and association of HAdV replication sites with disease manifestations, remained obscure. In this report, 24 bioptic and autoptic organ and tissue samples of an adult SCT recipient suffering from disseminated infection were quantitatively analyzed for HAdV DNA. Results indicate subsequent virus replication in the colon, bone marrow and liver as origin of HAdV DNAemia, which increased from 1.4 × 104 copies/ml to a peak of 2 × 109 copies/ml over a period of 84 days in spite of antiviral therapy. Symptoms as diarrhoea, bone marrow failure and hepatic failure were clearly linked to high HAdV DNA concentrations in affected organs. For example, the HAdV DNA level was 2.2 × 103 copies/cell in a colon biopsy when the patient suffered from diarrhoea whereas only 1.1 × 101 copies/cell were detected when symptoms had improved. Focal HAdV infection of the liver as demonstrated by laser microdissection was followed by fulminant virus replication with 1.3 × 105 copies of HAdV DNA/cell causing terminal hepatic failure. In conclusion, pathogenesis of disseminated HAdV disease was associated with virus replication in affected organs and not immune mediated as suggested recently by a fatal case of gene therapy with a non‐replication competent HAdV‐C5 vector. J. Med. Virol. 80:294–297, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Strichartz estimates in Wiener amalgam spaces for the Schrödinger equation
Authors: Cordero Elena , Nicola Fabio 
Published: December 2007

AbstractWe study the dispersive properties of the Schrödinger equation. Precisely, we look for estimates which give a control of the local regularity and decay at infinity separately. The Banach spaces that allow such a treatment are the Wiener amalgam spaces, and Strichartz‐type estimates are proved in this framework. These estimates improve some of the classical ones in the case of large time. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Non‐Ideal Polymerization Kinetics of a Cationic Double Charged Acryl Monomer and Solution Behavior of the Resulting Polyelectrolytes
Authors: Losada Ricardo , Wandrey Christine 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThe radical polymerization of bis‐1,3(N,N,N‐trimethylammonium)‐2‐propylmethacrylate dichloride revealed non‐ideality with 0.59 and 4.4 for the reaction orders of the initiator and monomer concentration, respectively. Further, autoacceleration was observed from less than 10% conversion onwards. Degradative chain transfer to the monomer was concluded to explain the initiator exponent. Monomer association and electrostatic effects are hypothesized to govern the monomer exponent and autoacceleration. The exponential concentration dependent increase of the viscosity of the monomer solution and the relatively low overall activation energy Ea = 31.5 kJ · mol−1 support the hypothesis. Counterion activity measurements confirmed strong counterion condensation as expected for a charge distance of 0.12 nm.magnified image
Application of optical coherence tomography in nacre identification and characterization
Authors: Zeng Nan , He Yonghong , Ma Hui 
Published: December 2007

AbstractIn this article optical coherence tomography is first applied in research on nacre of pearls and mother oysters. The nondestructive OCT measurement can show the shell‐nucleus features, quantify the nacre thickness and unveil hierarchical structure during nacre formation. The experimental results show the potential of OCT imaging in pearl identification and cultivation. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 442–445, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23124
Inverse H‐C ex situ HRMAS NMR experiments for solid‐phase peptide synthesis
Authors: Ramadhar Timothy R. , Amador Fernando , Ditty Michael J. T. , Power William P. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThe growing importance of solid‐phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) has necessitated the development of spectroscopic experiments that can be used to obtain structural and conformational information on resin‐bound peptides. Despite the utility of two‐dimensional high‐resolution magic angle spinning (HRMAS) NMR experiments that provide homonuclear shift correlations, experiments that provide heteronuclear shift correlations are necessary for complex conformational and structural elucidatory problems. Here we report the optimization and implementation of non‐gradient inverse NMR experiments for acquiring the 1H13C shift correlations of resin‐bound peptides. The use of non‐gradient experiments is advantageous as many magic angle spinning (MAS) probes do not possess gradient coils. An HRMAS BIRD‐HMQC experiment with a reduced 1JCH constant has proven very suitable for obtaining one‐bond correlations. Long‐range correlations can be interpolated by using a non‐gradient HRMAS CT‐HMBC‐1 experiment where the resulting data is processed with forward linear prediction. It has been shown that removing the effects of 1H1H J‐modulation is crucial in order to view cross peaks that correspond to long‐range correlations. Additionally, both experiments prove extremely useful over routine one‐dimensional 13C HRMAS experiments for extracting carbon chemical shift data. The non‐gradient HRMAS BIRD‐HMQC and CT‐HMBC‐1 experiments can be used to assist in conformational analysis and to identify and deconvolute situations where accidental equivalence and seemingly correlated isochronous signals arise. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Structural determination of salsolins A and B, new antioxidant polyoxygenated triterpenes from Salsola baryosma, by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy
Authors: Ahmad Zaheer , Mehmood Sajid , Fatima Itrat , Malik Abdul , Ifzal Rehana , Afza Nighat , Iqbal Lubna , Latif Mehreen , Nizami Tanveer Ahmad 
Published: December 2007

AbstractSalsolins A (1) and B (2), the new triterpenes, have been isolated from the chloroform soluble fraction of Salsola baryosma along with 2α,3β,23,24‐tetrahydroxyurs‐12‐en‐28‐oic acid (3) reported for the first time from this species. Their structures have been assigned from 1H and 13C NMR spectra, DEPT and by 2D COSY, NOESY, HMQC and HMBC experiments. The compounds 1–3 showed significant antioxidant activity. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Full NMR analysis of annomontine, methoxy‐ annomontine and N‐hydroxyannomontine pyrimidine‐β‐carboline alkaloids
Authors: Costa Emmanoel Vilaça , Pinheiro Maria Lúcia Belém , de Souza Afonso Duarte Leão , dos Santos Adriane Gama , Campos Francinete Ramos , Ferreira Antonio Gilberto , Barison Andersson 
Published: December 2007

AbstractUsing modern NMR techniques, including 1H13C and 1H15N heteronuclear correlation experiments, the complete and unambiguous 1H, 13C, and 15N NMR chemical shift assignments of annomontine, methoxyannomontine, and N‐hydroxyannomontine pyrimidine‐β‐carboline alkaloids were performed. All 1H1H scalar coupling constants and signal multiplicities were determined, and all nOe observations were also included. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
NMR spectral assignments of a new [COC] isoflavone dimer from Andira surinamensis
Authors: de Almeida José Gustavo L. , Silveira Edilberto R. , Pessoa Otília Deusdênia L. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThe phytochemical investigation of extracts from the branch wood and branch barks of Andira surinamensis yielded a novel isoflavone dimer, 4′‐methoxyisoflavone‐(7‐O‐7″)‐3″′,4″′‐methylenedioxyisoflavone (surinamensin), along with the triterpene lupeol and the known isoflavones 5,7‐dihydroxy‐4′‐methoxyisoflavone (biochanin A), 5,4′‐dihydroxy‐7‐methoxyisoflavone (prunetin), 7,3′‐dihydroxy‐4′‐methoxyisoflavone (calycosin), and 5,7,3′‐trihydroxy‐4′‐methoxyisoflavone (pratensein). The structure of the new isoflavone was elucidated by 1D and 2D homonuclear and heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy and by comparison with published data for closely related compounds. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An experimental study of decoupling sequences for multiple‐quantum and high‐resolution MAS experiments in solid‐state NMR
Authors: Thakur Rajendra Singh , Kurur Narayanan D. , Madhu P. K. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractRecently, a sequence for heteronuclear dipolar decoupling in solid‐state NMR, namely SWf‐TPPM, was introduced by us. Under magic‐angle spinning (MAS), the decoupling efficiency of the sequence was unaffected over a range of values for various experimental parameters such as the pulse length, pulse phase, and 1H resonance offset. We here demonstrate its use in multiple‐quantum (MQ) and high‐resolution (HR) MAS experiments. This sequence further improves the MQMAS spectra compared to the earlier reported decoupling sequences with improved immunity to any missets of the pulse length, pulse phase and decoupler offset. In contrast, for HRMAS, the simple CW scheme is as efficient as any of the decoupling schemes that were studied. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A solid‐state 53Cr NMR study of chromate and dichromate salts
Authors: Forgeron Michelle A. M. , Wasylishen Roderick E. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractSolid‐state 53Cr NMR spectra of a series of chromate (CrO42−) and dichromate (Cr2O72−) salts have been examined by employing the stepped‐frequency quadrupolar Carr‐Purcell Meiboom‐Gill (QCPMG) experiment and high applied magnetic field strengths, 11.75 and 18.8 T. Cr‐53 nuclear quadrupolar coupling constants, CQ(53Cr), ranging from 1.23 to 5.01 MHz for the CrO42− salts and 7.25 to 8.14 MHz for the Cr2O72− salts have been measured. For the dichromate salts, this corresponds to central transition 53Cr NMR lineshapes of 200–250 kHz at 18.8 T. The use of hyperbolic secant (HS) pulses in combination with the Hahn‐echo (HE) or QCPMG experiment results in significant sensitivity enhancements when acquiring 53Cr NMR spectra of magic‐angle spinning (MAS) samples, provided the MAS rate is fast with respect to the second‐order quadrupolar interaction. For the CrO42− and Cr2O72− salts, the anisotropic chromium magnetic shielding interaction is generally negligible compared to the second‐order 53Cr nuclear quadrupolar interaction. No simple correlation between the structure of the CrO42− and Cr2O72− anions and the observed CQ(53Cr) values has been found. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.