bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oxidative Cleavage of Alkenes Catalyzed by a Water/Organic Soluble Manganese Porphyrin Complex.
Authors: Liu Shiuh‐Tzung , Reddy K. Venugopal , Lai Rung‐Yi 
Published: May 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Palladium‐Catalyzed N‐Arylation of N,N‐Dialkylhydrazines with Aryl Chlorides.
Authors: Cacchi Sandro , Fabrizi Giancarlo , Goggiamani Antonella , Sgalla Simona 
Published: May 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Studies on Sulfinatodehalogenation: The Addition of Polyfluoroalkyl Iodides to Olefins Promoted by Sodium Bisulfite and Sodium Sulfite.
Authors: Wu Fanhong , Yang Xueyan , Wang Zhonghua , Huang Weiyuan 
Published: May 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Ceric Ammonium Nitrate (CAN) as a Green and Highly Efficient Promoter for the 1,4‐Addition of Thiols and Benzeneselenol to α,β‐Unsaturated Ketones.
Authors: Chu Cheng‐Ming , Gao Shijay , Sastry M. N. V. , Kuo Chun‐Wei , Lu Chaowei , Liu Ju‐Tsung , Yao Ching‐Fa 
Published: May 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
SN2′ Alkylation of Chiral Allylic Cyanohydrin O‐Phosphates with Organocuprates.
Authors: Baeza Alejandro , Najera Carmen , Sansano Jose M. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
All‐Carbon Quaternary Stereogenic Centers by Enantioselective Cu‐Catalyzed Conjugate Additions Promoted by a Chiral N‐Heterocyclic Carbene.
Authors: Brown M. Kevin , May Tricia L. , Baxter Carl A. , Hoveyda Amir H. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Rhodium‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Eight‐Membered Rings.
Authors: DeBoef Brenton , Counts W. Richard , Gilbertson Scott R. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Elemental Fluorine. Part 20. Direct Fluorination of Deactivated Aromatic Systems Using Microreactor Techniques.
Authors: Chambers Richard D. , Fox Mark A. , Sandford Graham , Trmcic Jelena , Goeta Andres 
Published: May 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Efficient Ruthenium and Copper‐Cocatalyzed Five‐Component Coupling to Form Dipropargyl Amines under Mild Conditions in Water.
Authors: Bonfield E. Ryan , Li Chao‐Jun 
Published: May 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Enantioselective Organocatalytic Aryloxylation of Aldehydes with o‐Quinones.
Authors: Hernandez‐Juan Felix A. , Cockfield Dane M. , Dixon Darren J. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Chemoselective Hydrogenation of Imides Catalyzed by Cp*Ru(PN) Complexes and Its Application to the Asymmetric Synthesis of Paroxetine.
Authors: Ito Masato , Sakaguchi Ayaka , Kobayashi Chika , Ikariya Takao 
Published: May 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of Novel 5,6‐Substituted Furo[2,3‐d]pyrimidines via Pd‐Catalyzed Cyclization of Alkynylpyrimidinols with Aryl Iodides.
Authors: Liu Zhende , Li Dewen , Li Shukun , Bai Donglu , He Xuchang , Hu Youhong 
Published: May 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Diastereo‐ and Enantioselective Synthesis of Nitroso Diels—Alder‐Type Bicycloketones Using Dienamine: Mechanistic Insight into Sequential Nitroso Aldol/Michael Reaction and Application for Optically Pure 1‐Amino‐3,4‐diol Synthesis.
Authors: Momiyama Norie , Yamamoto Yuhei , Yamamoto Hisashi 
Published: May 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of 8‐Substituted Pyrazolo[1,5‐a]‐1,3,5‐triazine Derivatives by Palladium‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Reactions.
Authors: Popowycz Florence , Bernard Philippe , Raboisson Pierre , Joseph Benoit 
Published: May 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Tris(biphenyl‐4‐yl)silyl‐Endcapped Polyynes.
Authors: Chalifoux Wesley A. , Ferguson Michael J. , Tykwinski Rik R. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
An Efficient, General Synthesis of Racemic 2‐Substituted Ferrocenecarboxaldehydes.
Authors: Garcia Jason , Moyano Albert , Rosol Malgorzata 
Published: May 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of Heliannuols A (I) and K (II), Allelochemicals from Cultivar Sunflowers and the Marine Metabolite Helianane (III), Unusual Sesquiterpenes Containing a Benzoxocane Ring System.
Authors: Ghosh Subrata , Tuhina Kazi , Bhowmik Dipal R. , Venkateswaran Ramanathapuram V. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Larger Scale Synthesis of a Natural Antibiotic, 2,4‐Diacetylophloroglucinol (DAPG).
Authors: Zakrzewski Jerzy , Karpinska Monika , Malinski Zbigniew 
Published: May 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of Tulipalin B (V) and 1‐O‐Methyl‐6‐tuliposide B (XI)
Authors: Shigetomi Kengo , Kishimoto Takao , Shoji Kazuaki , Ubukata Makoto 
Published: May 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of the LMN‐Ring Fragment of the Caribbean Ciguatoxin C‐CTX‐1.
Authors: Yoshikawa Keita , Inoue Masayuki , Hirama Masahiro 
Published: May 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Nonlocal Electronic Distribution in Metallic Clusters: A Critical Examination of Aromatic Stabilization
Authors: Datta Ayan , Mallajosyula Sairam S. , Pati Swapan K. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
The Synthesis of Fluorinated Heteroaromatic Compounds. Part 2. Five‐Membered Rings with Two Heteroatoms
Authors: Pace Andrea , Buscemi Silvestre , Vivona Nicolo 
Published: May 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Reduced XPC messenger RNA level may predict a poor outcome of patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer
Authors: Wu Yi‐Hui , Cheng Ya‐Wen , Chang Jinghua Tsai , Wu Tzu‐Chin , Chen Chih‐Yi , Lee Huei 
Published: May 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND.Homologous deletion of the xeroderma pigmentosum complementary group C (XPC) repair gene frequently causes lung adenocarcinoma in mice, suggesting that an XPC defect may play a critical role in lung tumorigenesis. The current study attempted to determine whether reduced XPC mRNA levels predict the clinical outcome of lung cancer patients.METHODS.XPC, p27kip (cdk inhibitory protein), and S‐phase kinase‐associated protein (skp2) levels were evaluated by Western blot analysis in a series of lung cancer cell lines with different invasive abilities. Migration and invasive abilities were measured using a modified Boyden chamber without and with Matrigel, respectively. To test whether XPC affects cell invasive ability, XPC gene protein expression was reduced in low invasive cells by RNA interference (RNAi) and assayed with Boyden chamber. XPC mRNA levels in 126 nonsmall cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) were examined by real‐time–reverse‐transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR). The prognostic value of XPC mRNA expression was statistically analyzed by the Kaplan‐Meier method and Cox proportional hazards regression.RESULTS.The expression of XPC was reduced with increasing invasive potential in CL1‐series lung cancer cell lines. When the XPC level was reduced by RNAi, cell migration and invasiveness increased markedly; the increased invasiveness may be caused by decreased expression of p27kip and increased expression of skp2 and E2F transcription factor 1. To determine whether reduced XPC expression was correlated with tumor aggressiveness and poor patient survival, XPC mRNA levels were evaluated by real‐time RT‐PCR. Kaplan‐Meier analysis demonstrated that the median survival of patients with lower XPC mRNA levels was shorter compared with patients with higher XPC mRNA levels (P = .0440). Cox regression analysis further indicated that XPC mRNA level may act as an independent prognostic factor for NSCLC patients (P = .014).CONCLUSIONS.The results of the current study suggest that reduced XPC mRNA level may constitute an independent prognostic factor for NSCLC patients. Cancer 2007. © 2007 American Cancer Society.
The dependency of the validity of information integration on cognitive variables and the judgement task
Authors: Mattenklott Axel , Luutz Rainer 
Published: May 2007

AbstractSimple models of information integration focus essentially on the combination of the components of information. This research investigated whether cognitive variables in the constructs of intelligence and cognitive complexity, as well as concentration, could predict the conditions of simple models of judgement. As additional predictors, the two qualitative variables [type of information] and [experience of the judgement task] were introduced. Subjects judged three types of stimuli using the pair comparison method. The conditions of the judgement models were analysed in the framework of the conjoint‐measurement approach. Five different regression functions provided mediocre approximations to the 10 conditions of the models, when the 9 cognitive variables were considered. The small differences did not favour one of the five functions. The introduction of the qualitative predictor [type of information] improved the estimations more clearly than the experience of the judgement task, the effect of which was small.
Influence of social factors in the development of the young child's moral judgment
Authors: Ruffy Michèle 
Published: May 2007

AbstractIn a series of seven different studies, the author attempted to test Piaget's theoretical position of social factors as primary contributors to the development of moral judgment.Populations of American and Swiss subjects were presented with moral dilemmas stories opposing adult—child and child—child situations and classified into three moral levels (heteronomous, intermediate, autonomous). The influence of school was studied by camparing moral levels of subjects who had never attended school to moral levels of kindergarten and first grade students. Questionnaires sent to Swiss and American parents provided information about their attitude toward the children's socialization. Effect of interaction was measured by interviewing subjects individually, then in pairs and on an individual post‐test three weeks later.Results demonstrate the role of social factors such as dynamic exchanges, discussions and oppositions in the learning of moral values. Cognitive conflicts are seen as fostering decentration and achievement of higher level responses through the equilibration process.
Research and publication trends in experimental social psychology: 1971–1980—a thematic analysis of the journal of experimental social psychology, the european journal of social psychology, and the zeifschrift für soziaipsychologie
Authors: Fisch Rudolf , Daniel Hans‐Dieter 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe present study was designed to map out the area of research in experimental social psychology during the past decade. First of all, we found a broad range of topics that can be grouped info 21 general content domains. Theories in Social Psychology, Group Processes and Social Interaction, Social Judgement, Personality Variables and Specific Social Behaviour as well as Attitudes were the jive most widely researched fields of study. During the ten‐year period 1971–1980 Attribution Theory showed a significant increase in the number of articles published. Cooperation and Conflict as well as Risky‐Ship are lines of research which have nearly been abandoned. Finally, in rigorous experimental social psychology the analysis of Social Problems is evidently underrepresented. But a survey of the literature on Social Problems in the Psychological Abstracts from 1971 to 1980 revealed that social psychologists are currently serving both theoretical and practical ends.
Effect of incompatibility between internal and external group membership criteria on intergroup behaviour
Authors: Finchilescu G. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractGroup membership generally entails that individuals are both defined, and define themselves, as members of that group. This study investigated the effect of incompatibility between these definitions on intergroup behaviour. Subjects were allocated to one of two groups of differential status such that the allocation was compatible or incompatible with their self‐categorization. The results indicated that the effect of incompatibility depended on the status of the group imposed on the subjects.
The group as a self‐active system: Outline of a theory of group action
Authors: Von Cranach Mario , Ochsenbein Guy , Valach Ladislav 
Published: May 2007

AbstractHuman social systems, and groups in partlcular, are conceived as units which, as a whole, actively strive towards the achievement of external and internal goals. This ‘group action’ consists of simultaneous integrated processes on various individual and social levels. Our theory comprises four groups of constructs, which refer to task structure, group structure, information processing and execution. In an ongoing group action, the task structure is projected on the group structure; according to the resulting pattern, the group processes its action related information and executes the act. The latter two processes proceed on two levels, on an individual and on a group level. There are cognition, emotion and volition on the individual, and communication on the group level of information processing; execution proceeds in individual action and in cooperation. A specific part of the theory concerns analogies between individual cognition and intragroup communication.
Influence of profession on impression formation: Polarization and contrast
Authors: Petzold Peter 
Published: May 2007

AbstractIn the present study it was investigated how information about the profession affects the judgment of a person characterized by traits. Two main effects in judgments of likeability were found. More responsible professions produce a lower overall mean of judgments (contrast effect) and more polarized judgments than less responsible professions do. Additionally, an interaction of these effects with the scale value of the traits could be found. For higher scale values a striking difference between the polarization scores for more and less responsible professions was obtained, whereas for lower scale values this difference was small. To obtain more insight into the process underlying the influence of profession response probabilities were analysed using psychometric functions. Two mechanisms seem to mediate this influence: Firstly, the acceptability of the person to be judged is integrated as a peripheral dimension together with the likeability as a focal dimension into a decision continuum. Secondly, a neutral point of the function representing the relation between acceptability and likeability is integrated into an internal standard the value of the decision continuum is to be compared with. The analogy of findings in attitude research is discussed.
A review of paradoxical performance effects: Choking under pressure in sports and mental tests
Authors: Baumeister Roy F , Showers Carolin J. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractParadoxical performance effects (‘choking under pressure’) are defined as the occurrence of inferior performance despite striving and incentives for superior performance. Experimental demonstrations of these effects on tasks analogous to athletic performance and the theories that may explain them are reviewed. At present, attentional theories seem to offer the most complete explanation of the processes underlying paradoxical performance effects. In particular, choking may result from distraction or from the interference of self‐focused attention with the execution of automatic responses. Experimental findings of paradoxical performance decrements are associated with four pressure variables: audience presence, competition, performance‐contingent rewards and punishments, and ego relevance of the task. The mediating factors of task complexity, expectancies, and individual differences are discussed.
Size of smallest coalition as a source of power in coalition bargaining
Authors: Kravitz David A. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractSix‐person groups of male or female undergraduates played 12 trials of a simple coalition game that varied the sizes of the coalitions available to the players. Results indicated that the size of a player's smallest available coalition was inversely related to the player's outcomes. The most important outcome differences included effects of player position and interactions of position by trial block. The critical implications of these results for minimum power theory, Roth‐Shapley value, weighted probability model, bargaining theory, and equal excess model are discussed, and quantitative tests of these theories are also presented. Minor gender differences were obtained, and it is suggested that future research use both male and female subjects. A description of the bargaining process, based on the subjects' responses to a post‐session questionnaire and our observations, is given.
Superordinate goals and intergroup behaviour: The effect of role ambiguity and status on intergroup attitudes and task performance
Authors: Brown Rupert , Wade Gillian 
Published: May 2007

AbstractAn experiment examined the effects of role ambiguity and relative group status in an intergroup situation where a superordinate goal was salient. One‐hundred‐and‐fifty‐six subjects in groups of three undertook a cooperative task under conditions where the groups' roles were clearly Different, Similar, or not allocated (Control). In addition, the groups' perceived competence at the task was either equally High, equally Low, or unequal. Financial rewards were contingent on successful completion of the joint task. Two contrasting hypotheses were derived from Social Identity Theory: one (H1) predicted most favourable intergroup attitudes in the Control condition where lack of any clear differentiation in group roles might facilitate a superordinate identifcation. In contrast, (H2) predicted least favourable attitudes in this condition on the grounds that groups lacked a distinctive identity. Support for the second hypothesis was found since friendliness towards the outgroup decreased with increasing role ambiguity. The status variable also had consistent effects. As predicted, mutual evaluations tended to reflect the consensually agreed status differences: least bias being shown towards high status outgroups, most by high status ingroups. Task performance was also affected by role ambiguity. Judges' ratings of the group products were found to be more favourable as role ambiguity increased, in contrast to the friendliness data. The implications of these findings for Social Identity Theory, the Contact Hypothesis, and theories of group performance are discussed.
The effects of dichotomous and crossed social categorizations upon intergroup discrimination
Authors: Vanbeselaere Norbert 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe present study explores the effect of crossing social categorizations upon subsequent intergroup discrimination. In the simple categorization conditions, subjects were divided into groups either on an explicitly random basis or on the basis of a very trivial similarity. In the crossed categorization condition, these two categorizations were criss‐crossed. After performing a perceptual estimation task, subjects had to evaluate the performance of the different groups in this task. Subsequently they had to evaluate the groups on general characteristics less directly related to task performance. There was significant intergroup discrimination favouring the own group in the two simple categorization conditions, but this discrimination was strongly reduced in the crossed categorization condition. This was true for both kinds of evaluations. Subjects of a no categorization condition exhibited no self‐favouritism. The theoretical implications of the data are discussed.
A positivity bias in person memory
Authors: Fiedler Klaus , Fiadung Ulrike , Hemmeter Uli 
Published: May 2007

AbstractTwo experiments demonstrate a positivity bias in person memory. Recall is superior for statements endorsed by a target person than for denied statements. This effect of informational positivity is independent of affective positivity (Experiment 1) and on holds for statements associated with one individual as an organizing category (Experiment 2).