bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adaptive multipole models of optically pumped magnetometer data
Authors: Tierney Tim M. , Seedat Zelekha , St Pier Kelly , Mellor Stephanie , Barnes Gareth R. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMultipole expansions have been used extensively in the Magnetoencephalography (MEG) literature for mitigating environmental interference and modelling brain signal. However, their application to Optically Pumped Magnetometer (OPM) data is challenging due to the wide variety of existing OPM sensor and array designs. We therefore explore how such multipole models can be adapted to provide stable models of brain signal and interference across OPM systems. Firstly, we demonstrate how prolate spheroidal (rather than spherical) harmonics can provide a compact representation of brain signal when sampling on the scalp surface with as few as 100 channels. We then introduce a type of orthogonal projection incorporating this basis set. The Adaptive Multipole Models (AMM), which provides robust interference rejection across systems, even in the presence of spatially structured nonlinearity errors (shielding factor is the reciprocal of the maximum fractional nonlinearity error). Furthermore, this projection is always stable, as it is an orthogonal projection, and will only ever decrease the white noise in the data. However, for array designs that are suboptimal for spatially separating brain signal and interference, this method can remove brain signal components. We contrast these properties with the more typically used multipole expansion, Signal Space Separation (SSS), which never reduces brain signal amplitude but is less robust to the effect of sensor nonlinearity errors on interference rejection and can increase noise in the data if the system is sub‐optimally designed (as it is an oblique projection). We conclude with an empirical example utilizing AMM to maximize signal to noise ratio (SNR) for the stimulus locked neuronal response to a flickering visual checkerboard in a 128‐channel OPM system and demonstrate up to 40 dB software shielding in real data.
Imposter phenomenon in physical therapists: A cross‐sectional observational study
Authors: Anderson Alexandra R. , LaPenna Jamie , Willis Dustin , Simpson Khyrah , Chang Alison H. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsImposter phenomenon (IP), or perceived fraudulence, describes an ongoing fear of exposure as a fraud or imposter, despite objective successes and accomplishments. Although there is a growing interest of IP in medicine, IP in the physical therapy profession has been minimally examined. We aimed to determine the prevalence and predictors of IP among licensed physical therapists in the United States.MethodsThis cross‐sectional observational study utilized an online survey to assess levels of IP using the Clance Imposter Phenomenon Scale. We assessed degrees of emotional exhaustion and job satisfaction and collected professional and demographic information. A multivariable logistic regression model examined factors associated with IP presence.ResultsThe mean IP score was 60.3 (SD: 15.1, range: 19–95). Fifty‐five respondents (10.7%) had low IP, 196 (38.1%) moderate, 215 (41.8%) frequent, and 48 (9.3%) intense IP. The prevalence of IP, defined as frequent or intense IP, was 51.2%. Having manager/supervisor experience (odds ratio [OR] = 0.55, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.34–0.90) was associated with a reduced odds of IP presence. Holding a bachelor's or master's degree (vs. Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT); OR = 2.31, 95% CI = 1.07–5.00), a history of or current mental health diagnosis (OR = 2.77, 95% CI = 1.69–4.54), and emotional exhaustion (moderate vs. low: OR = 5.37, 95% CI = 2.11–13.69; high vs. low: OR = 14.13, 95% CI = 5.56–35.89) were each associated with an increased odds of IP presence.ConclusionsIP is highly prevalent among licensed physical therapists. Seasoned clinicians with managerial roles seemed to be less susceptible to IP, whereas those with mental health diagnoses, emotional exhaustion, and those without a DPT degree may be more susceptible. Given its high prevalence and potential negative impact on burnout and career advancement, it is crucial to increase IP awareness and provide education on management strategies.
Spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of shallow and deep soil moisture under ecological restoration in the loess plateau, China
Authors: Wen Yongfu , Li Mengzhen , Xu Ruirui , Qiu Dexun , Gao Peng , Mu Xingmin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDeep soil moisture is one of the primary factors restricting vegetation growth on the Loess Plateau (LP) of China. Investigating the spatial variations and influencing factors of shallow and deep soil moisture is of great significance for ecological restoration on the LP. In this study, we sampled disturbed soil up to a depth of 10 m with a soil drill. A 200 × 200 m grid was superimposed on a digital topographic map, and 78 sampling sites were selected across the Zhifanggou (ZFG) watershed. According to the results, the vertical profile of soil could be subdivided into four layers: the shallow active layer (SAL; 0–0.5 m), the shallow rainfall recharge layer (SRL; 0.5–2.2 m), the deep excessive layer (DEL; 2.2–4 m), and the deep stable layer (DSL; 4–10 m). The horizontal distribution characteristics of soil moisture in various soil layers were similar, with a generally high concentration in the south and a low concentration in the north. In addition, a relatively low soil moisture content (SMC) occurred in the center of the SRL. Soil moisture was negatively correlated with slope and slope aspect between 0 and 2.2 m (p < 0.05), whereas slope and slope aspect had no significant effects on deep soil moisture (>2.2 m). The SMCs of the four soil layers, from lowest to highest, were as follows: forestland, shrubland, and grassland. The SMC of forestland was negatively correlated with restoration age, whereas the SMC of grassland was positively correlated with restoration age. This study deepens our understanding of shallow and deep soil moisture distribution characteristics and the corresponding ecological restoration on the LP and provides a reference for the rational use of deep soil moisture.
Constructing brain functional networks with adaptive manifold regularization for early mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Fu Xidong , Shan Shengchang , Liu Chun , Lu Yu , Jiao Zhuqing 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBrain functional network (BFN) has emerged as a practical path to explore biomarkers for early mild cognitive impairment (eMCI). Currently, most of BFNs only considered the topology structure between two brain regions and ignored the high‐order information among multiple brain regions. We proposed an adaptive manifold regularization method to construct a new BFN. Firstly, a traditional hypergraph was constructed through a low‐order BFN. Then, an adaptive hypergraph was obtained by updating the traditional hypergraph weight and structure through adaptive hypergraph learning. An adaptive hypergraph manifold regularization term was constructed by the Laplacian matrix of the adaptive hypergraph. Finally, the low‐order BFN was optimized through the adaptive hypergraph manifold regularization and sparse regularization. The experimental results confirmed that the proposed method outperformed other state‐of‐the‐art methods in classification performance and stability. This study revealed the causes of changes in topological properties and provided a reference for the clinical diagnosis of eMCI.
Feasibility analysis of photovoltaic systems for kiwifruit irrigation: A case study in Shaanxi province, China
Authors: Zhao Hang , Zhu Delan , Ge Maosheng , Khudayberdi Nazarov , Liu Changxin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAlthough photovoltaic (PV) irrigation systems are widely used in China, feasibility assessment of these systems is important because of differences in the distribution characteristics of solar resources and crops. In this study, kiwifruit planting in Shaanxi province was considered, and a calculation model for PV irrigation system evaluation was developed. Based on the geographical distribution of kiwifruit planting, as well as the spatial and temporal distributions of solar energy in Shaanxi province, the application potential of PV irrigation for kiwifruit was investigated comprehensively from the perspectives of technology, economy and irrigation feasibility. The results showed that the proportion of the PV module scale to the irrigation scale in all the kiwifruit planting areas in Shaanxi province was far less than 1.5%, and there were no technical obstacles. In Baoji, Weinan, Hanzhong and Ankang, the annual cost of the PV irrigation system was greater than that of the diesel pump irrigation system. Regarding irrigation feasibility, farmlands with a slope of 0%–8.75% were considered highly suitable for installing a PV irrigation system. The results revealed 32,269 ha of farmland appropriate for PV irrigation among the 66,371 ha of kiwifruit in Shaanxi province.
The effect of crop insurance on agricultural loan delinquencies
Authors: Lee Daemyung , Chen Le , Rejesus Roderick M. , Aglasan Serkan , Dinterman Robert , Connor Lawson 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study addresses how participation in the Federal crop insurance program influences agricultural loan delinquencies. To achieve this objective, we use 1994–2015 county‐level panel data for corn production in the Midwestern United States (US). Traditional linear fixed effect (FE) models, instrumental variable‐based FE estimation, and several robustness checks are used in the empirical analysis. Estimation results suggest that counties with higher levels of crop insurance participation tend to have statistically lower rates of agricultural loan delinquency. This is evidence that the US crop insurance program helps reduce financial stress and facilitates the continued viability of the agricultural credit system.
Evaluation of rabbit adipose derived stem cells fate in perfused multilayered silk fibroin composite scaffold for Osteochondral repair
Authors: Zadegan Sara , Vahidi Bahman , Nourmohammadi Jhamak , Shojaee Asiyeh , Haghighipour Nooshin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDevelopment of osteochondral tissue engineering approaches using scaffolds seeded with stem cells in association with mechanical stimulations has been recently considered as a promising technique for the repair of this tissue. In this study, an integrated and biomimetic trilayered silk fibroin (SF) scaffold containing SF nanofibers in each layer was fabricated. The osteogenesis and chondrogenesis of stem cells seeded on the fabricated scaffolds were investigated under a perfusion flow. 3‐Dimethylthiazol‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay showed that the perfusion flow significantly enhanced cell viability and proliferation. Analysis of gene expression by stem cells revealed that perfusion flow had significantly upregulated the expression of osteogenic and chondrogenic genes in the bone and cartilage layers and downregulated the hypertrophic gene expression in the intermediate layer of the scaffold. In conclusion, applying flow perfusion on the prepared integrated trilayered SF‐based scaffold can support osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation for repairing osteochondral defects.
Accuracy of point‐of‐care ultrasound in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis in a pediatric emergency department
Authors: Balbo Stefano , Pini Cecilia Maria , Raffaldi Irene , Delmonaco Angelo Giovanni , Castagno Emanuele , Guanà Riccardo , Di Rosa Gianpaolo , Bondone Claudia 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the accuracy of point‐of‐care ultrasound (PoCUS) in diagnosing acute appendicitis in children; to evaluate the concordance between PoCUS performed by a pediatric emergency physician (PedEm) and ultrasonography (US) performed by a radiologist; to draw a “learning curve.”MethodsWe prospectively enrolled children aged 0–14 years old led to the Emergency Department of Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, from January 2021 to June 2021, with suspected acute appendicitis. PoCUS was performed by a single trained PedEm, blindly to the radiologist's scan. A “self‐assessment score” and the “time of duration of PoCUS” were recorded for each patient. Final diagnosis of appendicitis was made by a pediatric surgeon.ResultsWe enrolled 62 children (2–14 years). Overall sensitivity of PoCUS was 88%, specificity 90%; PPV 90.6%, and NPV 86.6%. Global concordance between the PedEm and the radiologist was good/excellent (k 0.74). The mean duration of PoCUS significantly decreased during the study period, while the self‐assessment score increased.ConclusionThis is a preliminary study that shows the effectiveness of PoCUS in diagnosing acute appendicitis; furthermore, it shows how the PedEm's performance may improve over time. The learning curve showed how the experience of the PedEm affects the accuracy of PoCUS.
Clinical and immunological features of COVID‐19 in patients with anti‐MDA5 dermatomyositis during the omicron wave in Chongqing, China
Authors: Wu Na , Chen Zhiwei , Zha Guanhua , Deng Zhiling , Huang Wenhan , Cai Dachuan , Peng Mingli , Hu Peng , Tang Lin , Ren Hong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPatients with anti‐melanoma differentiation‐associated gene 5 (anti‐MDA5) dermatomyositis (DM) have a higher risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) infection. In this longitudinal observational study, we aimed to investigate the clinical and immunological features of these patients after COVID‐19 infection. A total of 73 patients with anti‐MDA5 DM were recruited from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University during the Omicron wave epidemic. Clinical data were collected by questionnaire survey and electronic medical records. Blood samples were used to determine the immunity responses. From December 9, 2022 to March 31, 2023, 67 patients were eligible for final analysis; 68.7% of them were infected with COVID‐19. The most common symptoms observed in COVID‐19 were upper respiratory symptoms, most cases were mild or moderate (97.8%). The clinical laboratory indexes were relativity stable in patients after infection (all p > 0.05). Vaccination is not a protective factor against the Omicron infection (odds ratio: 2.69, 95% confidence interval: 0.81–8.93, p = 0.105). Both wildtype (WT) neutralizing antibodies titer and BA.5‐specific immunoglobulin G titer were significantly enhanced after infection (all p < 0.01), which was as high as healthy controls (HCs). The memory B‐cell responses were similar between the patients with anti‐MDA5 DM and HCs (p > 0.05). However, both the WT‐specific CD8+ T cells and CD4+ T cells were reduced in patients with anti‐MDA5 DM (all p < 0.05). In conclusion, patients with anti‐MDA5 DM did not deteriorate the COVID‐19, in turn, COVID‐19 infection did not increase the risk of anti‐MDA5 DM exacerbation. The humoral responses were robust but the cellular responses were weakened after COVID‐19 infection.
Osseointegration of minimally invasive sacroiliac joint fixation implants—A human retrieval study
Authors: Randers Engelke , Kibsgård Thomas , Nogueira Liebert P. , Kjensjord Trygve , Röhrl Stephan M. , Nordsletten Lars , Stuge Britt 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMinimally invasive sacroiliac joint fusion has become increasingly prevalent and is described to reduce pain and improve function. In some patients, pain can recur several months after primary surgery. Lack of early implant osseointegration might be a cause of pain and hence an indication for revision surgery. Triangular titanium implants are the most documented implant for minimally invasive sacroiliac joint fusion. There is, however, no knowledge of how triangular titanium implants osseointegrate in humans and whether fusion is induced over the sacroiliac joint. During planned revision surgery due to recurrent pain, six triangular titanium implants were retrieved from six different patients at median 9 months from primary surgery. All six implants were scanned using microcomputed tomography. The presence or absence of bone in‐growth, on‐growth, and through‐growth of the implants was evaluated as an indication of implant osseointegration. Three of six implants showed no or minor signs of osseointegration. Of the three remaining implants, one showed partial osseointegration and two implants showed high degrees of osseointegration. This study showed that triangular titanium implants can osseointegrate into host bone in humans. When osseointegration occurs, triangular titanium implants can give fusion across the sacroiliac joint.
How revegetation reinforces soil at early stage of restoration: A 6‐year field study in southwest China
Authors: Zhu Jinqi , Wang Yujie , Zheng Bofu , Langendoen Eddy J. , Wang Yunqi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackground and aimsRestoring vegetation on hillslopes has been found to increase soil strength, thereby reducing the risk of soil erosion and shallow landslides. However, limited information is available on the temporal changes in root biomechanical traits and increased soil shear strength related to vegetation growth following restoration with different species.MethodsIn 2012, Symplocos setchuensis, Buxus megistophylla, and Cynodon dactylon were replanted in a forest gap in Jinyun Mountain, Beibei District, China, and studied over a 6‐year period. We measured root traits (root tensile strength, Young's modulus, cellulose content, and root density) and soil traits (cohesion and internal friction angle) at two soil depths (0–20 and 20–40 cm) for undisturbed and reconstituted samples.ResultsS. setchuensis was found to have the highest tensile strength and resistance to failure for root diameters <2 mm. With elapsed time, tensile strength and cellulose content decreased. Cohesion and root mechanical reinforcement of topsoil generally increased with time (+10% per year). Root chemical and mechanical effects contributed approximately 50% to soil reinforcement. C. dactylon had the fastest growth rate and reinforced the topsoil soil rapidly, whereas S. setchuensis exhibited a consistent increase in soil reinforcement during the study period and provided more deep roots that could reinforce subsoil.ConclusionChemical and mechanical effects almost equally contributed to soil reinforcement. Although the relative contributions varied for different species, the variation in each contribution sheds new light on the sustainable use of vegetation for mitigating shallow landslides in mountainous areas.
Non‐oxidized and oxidized flaxseed orbitides differently induce HepG2 cell apoptosis: involvement of cellular uptake and membrane death receptor DR4
Authors: Peng Changmei , Li Jing , Zhao Aixiu , Yu Shaoqing , Zheng Liufeng , Deng Ze‐Yuan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDFlaxseed orbitides have health‐promoting properties, particularly potent anti‐cancer activity. However, flaxseed orbitides containing a methionine structure, such as [1‐9‐NαC]‐linusorb B2 (CLB), are easily oxidized to sulfoxide ([1‐9‐NαC],[1‐Rs,Ss‐MetO]‐linusorb‐B2 (CLC)) and sulfone ([1–9‐NαC], [1‐MetO]‐linusorb B2 (CLK)), with CLC having less anti‐cancer ability than CLB. It is unclear why oxidized flaxseed orbitides are less effective against cancer than non‐oxidized flaxseed orbitide.RESULTSNon‐oxidized ([1‐9‐NαC]‐linusorb‐B3 (CLA) and CLB) and oxidized (CLC and CLK) flaxseed orbitides were found to significantly upregulate the levels of pro‐apoptotic proteins, including Bax/Bcl‐2, CytoC, caspase‐3, and caspase‐8, in a dose‐dependent manner, with non‐oxidized flaxseed orbitides being more effective than oxidized flaxseed orbitides. Mechanically, the cellular absorption of non‐oxidized flaxseed orbitides was higher than that of oxidized flaxseed orbitides. Moreover, the significant fluorescence quenching of DR4 protein by flaxseed orbitides (especially non‐oxidized orbitides) indicated the formation of a DR4–orbitide complex. Molecular docking demonstrated that non‐oxidized orbitides could easily dock into the active cavity of DR4 protein. Further blocking DR4 significantly reduced the ability of non‐oxidized flaxseed orbitides to stimulate caspase‐3 expression, whereas oxidized flaxseed orbitides retained this ability.CONCLUSIONNon‐oxidized flaxseed orbitides are more effective against cancer than oxidized flaxseed orbitides due to higher cellular uptake and activation of the DR4‐mediated death receptor signaling pathway. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Game changers or money pits? Asymmetric impact of sports facilities investment on football revenue
Authors: Tang Wanxia , Zhang Xiaolin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractOur investigation explores the asymmetric association between sports facilities investment and football revenue in the top 10 nations with the highest sports facilities investment. This study employs a distinctive methodology, “Quantile‐on‐Quantile,” to probe the interconnectedness of time series within each country. The findings reveal that investments in sports facilities have a predominantly positive impact on football revenue in the selected economies, particularly in various segments of the data distribution. It underscores the importance of implementing policies that maximize the effect of sports facilities investment on football revenue and inform public policy decisions.
Genetic diagnosis of Alport syndrome in 16 Chinese families
Authors: Xiao Tangli , Zhang Jun , Liu Li , Zhang Bo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundAlport syndrome (AS) is a genetically heterogeneous disorder resulting from mutations in the collagen IV genes COL4A3, COL4A4, and COL4A5. The genetic diagnosis of AS is very important to make precise diagnosis and achieve optimal outcomes.MethodsIn this study, 16 Chinese families with suspected AS were recruited after pedigree analysis, and the clinical presentations were analyzed by a nephrologist. The genetic diagnosis was performed by whole‐exome sequencing (WES) and the disease‐causing variants were confirmed by Sanger sequencing.ResultsThe cohort of probands included seven men and nine women, with a mean age of 19.9 years. Pathological analysis showed slight‐to‐moderate mesangial proliferation, and thin basement membrane was the main findings. Pathogenic variants were revealed by WES in each family, and the co‐segregation with renal presentation was confirmed by PCR. In addition, RT‐PCR analysis showed that the intronic variant led to aberrant splicing.ConclusionOur findings expand the spectrum of AS gene variation, which will inform genetic diagnosis and add to the theoretical basis for the prevention of AS.