bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Die Berechnung von Intervall‐Hüllen in der Optimierung
Authors: Oelschlägel D. , Süsse H. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractBei der Betrachtung konvexer Optimierungsprobleme mit Datenfehlern interessieren Abschätzungen für die Menge der Optimalpunkte und für die Menge der optimalen Zielfunktionswerte. Berücksichtigt man die Datenfehler durch Intervallkoeffizienten im konvexen Optimierungsproblem, dann gestattet die intervallmathematische Behandlung, die genannten Lösungsmengen durch Intervalle (bzw. Intervallvektoren) einzuschränken. Meist werden dabei nur Intervall‐Oberhüllen bestimmt. In der Arbeit werden Bedingungen bei speziellen Optimierungsproblemen angegeben, unter denen sogar die Intervallhüllen (optimalen Intervalleinschließungen) bestimmt werden können. Ein numerische Beispiel illustriert die erhaltenen Ergebnisse.
Ein Prediktor‐Korrektor‐Verfahren zur Berechnung von Kriechdehnungen
Authors: Rendl F. , Sturm F. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractEs wird ein Kriechmodell diskutiert, das gekoppelt mit einem Finite‐Elemente‐Modell nichtlineare Spannungsanalysen ermöglicht. Unter geeigneten äußeren Bedingungen und bei einem einfachen Kriechgesetz läßt sich eine Klasse von Testproblemen exakt lösen. Damit ergibt sich die Möglichkeit, die Güte des Verfahrens zu untersuchen und es mit anderen Verfahren zu vergleichen. Ein auf dem Eulerverfahren basierendes Rechenmodell wird mit einem Prediktor‐Korrektor‐Verfahren verglichen. Die Formulierung der Testprobleme ermöglicht dabei eine weitgehende Trennung des numerischen Fehlers der Zeitdiskretisation des Kriechmodells vom Diskretisationsfehler durch das Finite‐Elemente‐Modell.
Torsional Response of an Elastic Half Space to a Nonuniformly Expanding Ring Source
Authors: Ghosh M. , Ghosh M. L. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractEs werden exakte Ausdrücke für die Verschiebung in einem homogenen isotropen elastischen Halbraum in integraler Form bestimmt, der impulsförmigen Torsionskräften ausgesetzt ist, die sich über den Rand einer sich ungleichförmig ausdehnenden Schallquelle auf einer freien Oberfläche ausbreiten. Es werden sowohl positiv als auch negativ beschleunigte Ausbreitungen der Schallquelle betrachtet. Mit Hilfe des Verfahrens von Cagniard De‐Hoop wird die analytische Lösung in integraler Form bestimmt. Es werden unterschiedliche Wellenfrontflächen und ihr Existenzbereich dargestellt. Die Reaktionen der ersten Bewegung beim Eintreffen verschiedener Wellen werden durch einen Grenzwertprozeß bestimmt. Die Verschiebungen auf der freien Oberfläche werden für verschiedene Positionen der Schallquelle auch numerisch berechnet und grafisch dargestellt.
Two‐Sided Bounds for the Spectral Radius of a Positive Linear Map
Authors: Marek I. , Žitný K. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractIn this paper it is shown that the spectral radius of a cone preserving linear bounded map of Banach space (not necessarily finite‐dimensional) can be approximated both from below and above by spectral radii of two n X n matrices with non‐negative entries. The results obtained extend some known results, in particular, the Collatz's “classical” Einschließungssatz and E. Deutsch's recent two‐sided spectral bound theorem for partitioned matrices.
Certain Propositions on the Activation of Yield Modes in Elastoplasticity and their Applications to Deterministic and Stochastic Problems
Authors: Panagiotopoulos P. D. , Baniotopoulos C. C. , Avdelas A. V. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractA method is proposed for the linearization of quadratic programming problems in discrete elastoplasticity. The method, which is based on certain propositions on the activation of the yield modes, presents the advantages of both the optimization algorithms and the linear system solvers. Deterministic and stochastic applications illustrate the theory.
An Analytical Approach to the Hot Water Drive
Authors: Gilbert R. P. , Jeffrey A. , Meek P. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractIn this work, a hybrid scheme, analytical and numerical, is devised to solve the one‐dimensional hot water drive for secondary oil recovery problems. In our model capillary pressure and gravity are ignored. It is shown how when the oil viscosity variation as a function of temperature is specified the oil and water saturations may be found by numerical integration of a first‐order nonlinear hyperbolic equation which involves the fluid temperature. The numerical scheme makes use of ideas due to Meek and Norburry [8] and leads to a system of algebraic equations where only a single iteration is necessary to obtain a second‐order accurate (in time) approximation to the solution of the saturation equation. It is then shown that the fluid and also the solid temperature may be found analytically in terms of the solution to a Goursat‐problem. The integral representation of this problem is then evaluated numerically and used in the saturation equation.
Oxidative Stability of Liposomes Composed of Docosahexaenoic Acid‐Containing Phospholipids
Authors: Vikbjerg Anders Falk , Andresen Thomas L. , Jørgensen Kent , Mu Huiling , Xu Xuebing 
Published: June 2007

AbstractOxidative stability of liposomes made of (Docosahexaenoic acid) DHA‐containing phosphatidylcholine (PC) was examined during preparation and storage. After preparation of the liposomes, the concentration of primary (conjugated dienes) and secondary oxidation products (Thiobarbituric acid‐reactive substances, TBARS) were significantly higher compared to the initial value. During cold storage, formation of conjugated dienes and TBARS remained more or less constant in large unilamellar vesicles (LUV), whereas in mulitilamellar vesicles (MLV) they were seen to increase over a period of 21 days. Evaporation of solvent traces from a lipid film should preferably be done under nitrogen as vacuum evaporation was found to increase oxidation of the phospholipid.
Rethinking Identity and Coalitional Politics, Insights from Simone de Beauvoir
Authors: Stavro Elaine 
Published: June 2007

Abstract.Identity politics have been much maligned by the Left as politically divisive and philosophically untenable. But the need for identification in the process of countering demeaned identities and fostering counter-hegemonic projects has been underestimated by poststructuralist critics. Good at dismantling identities and deconstructing existing strategies of inclusion, the poststructuralists are not particularly helpful in thinking through forms of subjectivity and/or collective action that would contribute to coalition building. Beauvoir provides a worthy model for coalitional politics. Her theory of relational subjectivity avoids essentialism and fosters collaboration, if that work is premised upon connected existences, rather than identity. Her theory of alterity, or Othering, acknowledges power differentials and accommodates both cultural and economic forces of oppression, moving away from static, centralized and binary relations of power that have become associated with second-wave feminism and conventional Marxism.Résumé. La politique identitaire a été largement décriée par la gauche qui l'accuse de créer des dissensions et d'être philosophiquement insoutenable. Pourtant, le besoin d'identification dans le processus de soutien des identités dévaluées et de promotion de projets anti-hégémoniques a été sous-estimé par la critique post-structuraliste. Doués pour la déconstruction des identités et le démantèlement des stratégies d'inclusion, les post-structuralistes ont moins de talent pour concevoir des formes de subjectivité ou d'action collective qui contribueraient à la construction de coalitions. Simone de Beauvoir fournit un modèle précieux de politique de coalition. Sa théorie de la subjectivité relationnelle évite l'essentialisme et encourage la collaboration, si cet effort est basé sur des existences liées les unes aux autres plutôt que sur l'identité. Sa théorie de l'altérité reconnaît les différentiels de pouvoir et tient compte des forces oppressives, à la fois culturelles et économiques, abandonnant ainsi les rapports de pouvoir statiques, centralisés et binaires qui ont été associés avec le féminisme “ deuxième vague ” et le marxisme conventionnel.
Heidegger's Essentialist Responses to the Challenge of Technology
Authors: Tabachnick David Edward 
Published: June 2007

Abstract.This paper is an effort to defend Heidegger's essentialist philosophy of technology against the charge of determinism. Rather than merely accepting its all-encompassing power, Heidegger provides three responses to the challenge of technology: 1) “aggressive essentialism” or the elimination of technology; 2) “moderate essentialism” or the reform of political, social and cultural institutions to better reflect the changes that technology brings; and 3) “passive essentialism” or the acceptance that we cannot act against or direct technology.Résumé.Dans cet article, l'auteur s'efforce de défendre la philosophie d'essentialisme de technologie proposée par Heidegger contre l'accusation de déterminisme. Plutôt que simplement accepter le pouvoir omniprésent de la technologie, Heidegger fournit trois réponses au défi qu'elle présente: 1) “ l'essentialisme agressif ”, ou l'élimination de la technologie; 2) “ l'essentialisme modéré ”, ou la réforme des institutions politiques, sociales et culturelles pour mieux refléter les changements apportés par la technologie; et 3) “l'essentialisme passif ”, ou l'acceptation du fait que nous ne pouvons ni agir contre la technologie ni la diriger.
Thus Spoke Zarathustra
Authors: Hutter Horst 
Published: June 2007

Thus Spoke Zarathustra, Friedrich Nietzsche, Graham Parkes,
trans., Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005, pp. xliii, 335.This new translation of Nietzsche's magnum opus is by far the
best available in the English language. It should find its way to the desk
of all students who do not have access to the original German.
Nature's Revenge: Reclaiming Sustainability in an Age of
Corporate Globalization
Authors: Mulligan Shane 
Published: June 2007

Nature's Revenge: Reclaiming Sustainability in an Age of
Corporate Globalization, Josée Johnston, Michael Gismondi, and
James Goodman, eds., Peterborough: Broadview Press and Garamond Press,
2006, pp. 330.In the 20 years since the Bruntland Commission popularized the notion
of “sustainable development,” many have questioned whether
this ambitious idea has any serious potential for realization or if it
stands as a rhetorical mask for a policy of meagre reform. Such concerns
are understandable, given how the ongoing challenges of global ecological
change and the continuing imperatives of development leave us no
justifiable alternative. Nobody would propose “unsustainable”
development, whatever the ecological and human effects. But sustainability
remains difficult to foresee, as it represents a journey into an unknown,
with little in the way of a map to guide those who seek this path.
Intégration de la dimension genre à la lutte contre la
pauvreté et objectifs du Millénaire pour le
développement—manuel à l'intention des instances
de décision et d'intervention
Authors: El Dessouky Naglaa Fathy 
Published: June 2007

Intégration de la dimension genre à la lutte contre
la pauvreté et objectifs du Millénaire pour le
développement—manuel à l'intention des instances
de décision et d'intervention, Naila Kabeer, Les Presses
de l'Université Laval/CRDI, 2005, 336 p.Ce livre est l'adaptation d'un ouvrage en anglais de Naila
Kabeer, intitulé Gender Equality, Poverty Eradication and the
Millennuim Developpement Goals : Maximising Synergies and Minimising
Trade-offs. Dans son ouvrage, Naila Kabeer met l'accent sur
l'égalité des genres en tant que condition de
l'éradication de la pauvreté. Avec ce postulat,
l'auteure espère, à notre avis, attirer
l'attention des personnes et des instances chargées de
l'élaboration des politiques publiques ainsi que de la
planification et de la mise en œuvre des programmes de
développement. Cet ouvrage représente une contribution
considérable, dans la mesure où il analyse et étudie
les objectifs du Millénaire pour le développement (OMD)
adoptés par les chefs d'État et de gouvernement lors
d'un sommet spécial des Nations Unies qui s'est tenu en
l'an 2000.
Le débat public en apprentissage—Aménagement et
environnement : Regards croisés sur les expériences
française et québécoise
Authors: Mercier Jean 
Published: June 2007

Le débat public en apprentissage—Aménagement
et environnement : Regards croisés sur les expériences
française et québécoise, Louis Simard, Laurent
Lepage, Jean-Michel Fourniau, Michel Gariépy et Mario Gauthier
(sous la direction de), Paris : L'Harmattan, collection Villes et
entreprises, 2006, 315 pp.L'ouvrage collectif franco-québécois, Le
débat public en apprentissage—Aménagement et
environnement, se propose de faire un bilan des mécanismes de
consultation publique au Québec et en France. Les institutions qui
encadrent ces débats publics, surtout en environnement, en
énergie et en construction routière, nous semblent
relativement récentes, mais dans certains cas, comme dans celui du
BAPE (Bureau d'audiences publiques sur l'environnement) au
Québec, elles fonctionnent depuis maintenant plusieurs
décennies, et l'heure est donc aux bilans. Ou, comme le
soulignent des contributeurs français, on est prêt à
un “ débat sur le débat ”. Pour dresser ce
bilan, on a eu la bonne idée de faire appel à des praticiens
et à des universitaires, et ce, des deux côtés de
l'Atlantique. Le résultat est un volume riche en pistes et en
idées dont l'intégration est cependant laissée
au soin des lecteurs.
De la propagande à la communication politique : perspectives
sur l'opinion publique en France, au Québec, aux
États-Unis.
Authors: Laberge Yves 
Published: June 2007

Lynda Lee Kaid (ed.), Handbook of Political Communication
Research, Mahwah: Lawrence Erlbaum, 2004, xviii + 541 p.Dominique Wolton (dir.), La Télévision au pouvoir.
Omniprésente, irritante, irremplaçable. Paris,
Universalis, 2004, 195 p.Anne-Marie Gingras (dir.), La communication politique: État
des savoirs, enjeux et perspectives, Québec, Presses de
l'Université du Québec, 2003, 295 p.
Age Shall not Weary Them: Mental Health in the Middle-Aged and the Elderly
Authors: Trollor Julian N. , Anderson Tracy M. , Sachdev Perminder S. , Brodaty Henry , Andrews Gavin 
Published: June 2007

Objective: The prevalence of mental disorders in the elderly is disputed. The debate in this area can be informed by data from large population surveys that contain sufficient elderly participants. The aim of the present paper was to provide the first direct comparison of the prevalence and demographic correlates of ICD-10 anxiety and affective disorders in the middle-aged and the elderly. Method: The 12 month prevalence and demographic correlates of affective and anxiety disorders were compared in a community sample of middle-aged and elderly Australian residents who took part in the Australian National Mental Health and Well-being Survey (NMHWS). Results: One in seven middle-aged participants and one in 16 elderly participants experienced symptoms consistent with any anxiety or affective disorder in the preceding 12 months. Compared to the middle-aged participants, the elderly had lower rates for most affective and anxiety disorders, and for the combined presence of any disorder. Demographic correlates of mental disorder, especially marital status, were different for the two groups. Conclusions: Community-dwelling elderly in Australia have lower rates of mental disorder compared to the middle-aged. Differences in demographic correlates between groups support the notion that the determinants of mental disorder in the elderly differ substantially from those in middle age.
Microwave‐Assisted Rapid Modification of Zein by Octenyl Succinic Anhydride
Authors: Biswas Atanu , Sessa David J. , Lawton John W. , Gordon Sherald H. , Willett J. L. 
Published: June 2007

ABSTRACTCorn is one of the most important food and industrial crops in the United States. Zein constitutes about half of the endosperm proteins in corn. Potential applications of zein include use in fibers, adhesives, inks, cosmetics, textiles, and chewing gum. Recently, attempts have been made to utilize zein for food coatings and biodegradable materials. The new applications of zein require it to be resistant to water. Thus, we are interested in new routes for chemical modification of zein (Biswas et al, unpublished). 2‐Octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA) is extensively used in modifying food starches. Our objective was to take advantage of OSA hydophobicity, flexibility, and compatibility with nonpolar groups and incorporate OSA onto zein. This OSA‐modified zein would possess the best of both OSA and zein. A zein solution in dimethyl formamide (DMF) was reacted with various levels of OSA to give modified zein. In a microwave reactor, the reactions proceeded tremendously fast and they were over in 5 min. The anhydride group of OSA reacted with the hydroxyl/amine group of zein to form ester/amide of zein. The reaction of OSA‐modified zein was confirmed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and IR spectroscopy. The preliminary evaluation showed that zein and OSA‐modified zein had comparable mechanical properties.
French Bread Loaf Volume Variations and Digital Image Analysis of Crumb Grain Changes Induced by the Minor Components of Wheat Flour
Authors: Rouillé J. , Valle G. Della , Devaux M. F. , Marion D. , Dubreil L. 
Published: June 2007

ABSTRACTA standard quality flour for French breadmaking was fractionated by extraction of water‐soluble components (6% db) and by defatting (<1%db) to study the impact of soluble components and lipids on bread quality in terms of loaf specific volume (vs) and crumb structure. Addition of puroindolines (<0.2%) was also tested. Crumb cell structure was assessed by digital image analysis (DIA) according to erosion‐dilation and closing treatments. The fraction of cells area with size <1 mm (%d<1) was defined as an index of fineness of crumb structure. Both DIA procedures allowed differentiation of crumb structures obtained by various formulations and, in the range of composition modifications tested, variations by a factor of 2 of both criteria (vs and %d1) were obtained. Soluble fraction increased vs and decreased fineness. Defatting and adding puroindolines increased fineness with no effect on vs. The possible role of molecular components of each flour fraction was discussed in terms of rheological and foaming properties. DIA methods and flour recipes tested in this work offer a valuable tool for further studies on the processing‐structure‐properties relationships of French bread dough and crumb.
Impact of Cultivar and Environment on Size Characteristics of Wheat Proteins Using Asymmetrical Flow Field‐Flow Fractionation and Multi‐Angle Laser Light Scattering
Authors: Lemelin E. , Aussenac T. , Violleau F. , Salvo L. , Lein V. 
Published: June 2007

ABSTRACTThe use of multi‐angle laser light scattering (MALLS) in conjunction with asymmetrical flow field‐flow fractionation (A‐FFFF) was investigated for the determination of the molecular weight distribution (MWD) of wheat proteins. The wheat flour proteins were dissolved by sonication in 0.1M sodium phosphate (pH 6.9) containing 2% SDS. The results presented make it evident that efficient separation and size characterization of monomeric (M < 105 g/mol) and polymeric protein (105 ≤ M < 108 g/mol) wheat proteins can be achieved with A‐FFFF/MALLS/UV in a single run. Therefore, this method appears to be able to detect significant modifications of MWD of wheat protein, whatever the factor inducing these alterations (i.e., genetic or environmental) and whatever the nature of these alterations (i.e., monomeric‐to‐polymeric ratio or MWD of polymeric protein). In the present study, we have indeed demonstrated that the MWD of wheat proteins can be altered from one cultivar to another in three main ways: by changing the relative amounts of monomeric and polymeric proteins, by changing the MWD of polymeric protein, and then by changing both the monomeric‐to‐polymeric ratio and the MWD of polymeric protein.
Quality Characteristics of Yellow Alkaline Noodles Enriched with Hull‐less Barley Flour
Authors: Hatcher D. W. , Lagasse S. , Dexter J. E. , Rossnagel B. , Izydorczyk M. 
Published: June 2007

ABSTRACTRoller milled flours from eight genotypes of hull‐less barley (HB) with normal, waxy, zero amylose waxy (ZAW), and high amylose (HA) starch were incorporated at 20 and 40% (w/w) with a 60% extraction Canada Prairie Spring White (CPSW, cv. AC Vista) wheat flour to evaluate their suitability as a blend for yellow alkaline noodles (YAN). The barley flour supplemented noodles were prepared using conventional equipment. Noodles containing 40% HB flour required less work input than the corresponding 20% blend noodles due to a higher water absorption at the elevated level of HB flour addition, which probably caused them to soften. The addition of any HB flour at either level to the CPSW flour resulted in significantly decreased brightness (L*) and yellowness (b*), elevated redness (a*), concomitant with a significantly greater number of specks per unit area of noodle sheet compared with the control flour. The addition of 40% HB flour to YAN decreased cook time and cooking losses. Noodle firmness, as determined by maximum cutting stress (MCS), was significantly increased by the addition of 40% HB flour. Noodle chewiness, as determined by the texture profile analysis (TPA), was affected by the type of starch in the barley samples; the addition of waxy and ZAW HB flour decreased chewiness, whereas normal and HA HB flour increased chewiness of composite noodles.
Mechanical and Physicochemical Characterization of Vitreous and Mealy Durum Wheat Endosperm
Authors: Samson M.‐F. , Mabille F. , Chéret R. , Abécassis J. , Morel M.‐H. 
Published: June 2007

ABSTRACTThe mechanical, physical, and biochemical characteristics of mealy and vitreous endosperm were investigated. Endosperm were obtained from four durum wheat cultivars grown under different nitrogen fertilization designs. The textural properties and the density of the endosperm were measured on hand‐shaped parallelepiped endosperm samples. Endosperm protein content and composition and also gliadin composition were investigated by HPLC. Mechanical tests showed that mealy and vitreous endosperm differed in hardness and vitreousness. Vitreousness increased with nitrogen fertilization supply whereas there was no variation among the different cultivars. Hardness seemed to be linked to genotype and insensitive to nitrogen supply. From this result, we concluded that hardness and vitreousness are not related. Endosperm protein content and gliadin‐to‐glutenin ratio were related to nitrogen supply and increased especially when nitrogen supply was applied at flowering. At the same time, endosperm vitreousness increased. Further biochemical analyses were performed on 270 kernels, mealy or vitreous, hand‐picked from 148 different crops. Results showed that protein content of vitreous endosperm exceeded 9.7% in >90% of the cases. The glia/glu ratio was a less accurate predictor of kernel vitreousness, indicating that, by itself, it cannot account for the change in kernel vitreousness. Endosperm vitreous texture would rise above a threshold content of 9.7% protein within the endosperm.