bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation and cross-cultural adaptation of health-related quality of life scale: a psychometric study for elderly care home residents
Authors: Abdalrahim Asem 
Published: February 2025

Purpose
This study aims to validate and adapt the Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) scale for use among elderly patients in Arabic-speaking care homes.

Design/methodology/approach
A total of 210 participants completed the Arabic-translated HRQoL scale to assess its reliability, validity and cultural adaptation. Internal consistency, test–retest reliability, exploratory factor analysis and content validity were examined.

Findings
Results demonstrated high internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.85–0.90), robust test–retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.91) and strong construct validity

Originality/value
This study provides a culturally adapted and psychometrically validated HRQoL scale tailored for Arabic-speaking elderly care home residents. It addresses a significant gap in the availability of reliable tools to assess HRQoL in this population. By ensuring linguistic and cultural relevance, this study offers a robust instrument for evaluating quality of life, guiding interventions and improving care practices. The findings contribute to advancing evidence-based geriatric care in Arabic-speaking contexts, with implications for broader application in similar cultural settings. This work supports efforts to enhance the well-being and dignity of elderly individuals in care homes.
Spatiotemporal interactions between ocelots and agoutis in Neotropical protected forests
Authors: Vallejo‐Vargas Andrea F. , Semper‐Pascual Asunción , Sheil Douglas , Santos Fernanda , Lima Marcela Guimarães Moreira , Bischof Richard 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Understanding how predators and their prey coexist in space and time is a core interest in ecology. Vast amounts of photographic detection data are now available from a growing number of camera‐trap studies worldwide. These data boost our ability to study an elusive yet important topic in ecology: species interactions in space and time.

Here, we investigated the spatiotemporal configuration of the activity of a typically nocturnal and crepuscular predator and a diurnal prey in protected areas. We explored whether agoutis (Dasyprocta leporina) respond to predation risks by adjusting the timing of activity to the occurrence and timing of activity of its potential predator, the ocelot (Leopardus pardalis) and whether the ocelot's occurrence responds to that of the prey.

Using a custom Bayesian occupancy model for two species, we analysed camera‐trap data collected over three protected tropical forests from Brazil and Suriname (2 to 9 years). Our model distinguishes between occupancy (i.e. spatial distribution) and detection (i.e. activity in space and time).

We detected a positive spatial association between predator and prey, suggesting that ocelots seek places where agoutis are present. Instead of segregating in space, agoutis appeared to respond to increased predation risk by reduced activity. The most pronounced reduction in agouti activity (i.e. probability of detection) was during twilight in sites where ocelots occurred.

Our results illustrate how jointly modelling interactions in both space and time informs our understanding of predator‐prey coexistence.
Asymmetric backlash against structural economic change: The electoral consequences of the coal phase‐out in Germany
Authors: STUTZMANN SOPHIA 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPast research has often attributed electoral backlash to structural economic change to a lack of compensation and interest group representation for affected groups. Is that backlash then mitigated in contexts where both of these conditions are fulfilled? I argue that perceived economic deprivation fuelling political disengagement as well as disappointment with the issue‐owning party are important factors contributing to such a backlash. Using the case of Germany, I empirically analyse the electoral repercussions of a coal phase‐out in the presence of compensation for affected groups as well as active involvement of labour and business interests in political decision‐making. By employing a series of staggered difference‐in‐differences models, I investigate whether the closures of coal plants and mines between 2007 and 2022 affected voting behaviour at the municipal level. I find that these closures resulted in an asymmetric backlash in the form of lower vote shares for the issue owner, the Social Democratic Party and higher abstention rates in affected municipalities. With the significant politicisation around fossil fuel‐based energy generation, these findings have important implications for the remaining coal phase‐outs worldwide.
Comparing Outcomes of Per‐Oral Image‐Guided Gastrostomy With Radiologically Inserted Gastrostomy at a Quaternary Australian Hospital
Authors: Denton Matthew , Mitreski Goran , Owen Andrew , Ranatunga Dinesh , Lew Hin Boon , Brooks Duncan Mark , Asadi Hamed , Chin Kwang , Maingard Julian 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionPer‐oral Image‐guided gastrostomy (PIG) is an alternative to conventional radiologically inserted gastrostomy (RIG). PIG is less frequently used in Australia, despite a favourable complication profile reported within the literature. This case control study compares success and complication rates of these procedures at a quaternary Australian Hospital.MethodsRetrospective review of electronic medical records (EMR) was performed for patients undergoing radiological‐guided gastrostomy between January 2019 and January 2023. Clinical notes, operation reports, radiology reports and discharge summaries at the time and for subsequent readmissions within 3 months were reviewed. Outcomes measured included procedural indication, technical success rate, major and minor complications, readmission or death within 3 months.Results216 radiological guided gastrostomies were attempted (age 65.6 ± 12.6; range 20–93; 81 female and 135 male). Sixteen cases were abandoned prior to insertion. Gastrostomy was successful in 133/136 PIG (97.8%) and 63/64 RIG (98.4%). The most frequent indication for PIG was dysphagia secondary to Motor Neuron Disease (107/136) and for RIG was head and neck malignancy (41/64). There were significantly more major complications (15.6% vs. 6.6%, p = 0.043) and minor complications (14.0% vs. 2.9%, p = 0.003) with RIG compared to PIG. Tube malpositioning, leak/peritonitis, aspiration pneumonitis and tube dislodgement were significantly increased in RIG. There was no significant difference in readmission rate (5.1% for PIG vs. 9.4% for RIG) or mortality (2.2% vs. 7.8%).ConclusionCompared to conventional RIG, PIG showed a similar primary success rate and decreased incidence of both major and minor complications.
Safety and Efficacy of Selective Internal Radiation Therapy for Portal Vein Tumour Thrombus in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Single‐Centre Experience in Australia
Authors: Ormiston William , Samuelson Shaun , Van Wyk Matthys , Calzadilla‐Bertot Luis , Smith Briohny , Garas George , MacQuillan Gerry , Adams Leon A. , Jeffrey Gary P. , Wallace Michael , Tibballs Jonathan 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionPortal vein tumour thrombus (PVTT) is a common complication of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and has a poor prognosis. Selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) with Yttrium‐90 (Y90) microspheres is a minimally invasive treatment option that has shown promise in treating PVTT. Studies have suggested a survival advantage of SIRT in this population, but data in the Australasian population are lacking. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of SIRT in a series of patients at an Australian hospital with advanced HCC and PVTT.MethodAll patients underwent pre‐treatment imaging with MRI or CT, and immediate post‐treatment imaging with Y90 PET CT and MRIs at 3‐, 6‐, 9‐ and 12‐months. The primary endpoints were time to progression (TTP) and overall survival (OS) post‐SIRT. The secondary endpoint was safety.ResultsOf the 698 patients who underwent SIRT at our institution between 2007 and 2023, 64 patients had HCC and PVTT. 59/64 (92%) were male, with a median age of 61 years (range 37–86 years). The majority of patients had Child–Pugh a cirrhosis (87%), and the majority were ECOG 0 (91%). The majority had main PVTT at the time of SIRT. All patients underwent SIRT with Y90‐coated resin microspheres (SIR‐Spheres, Sirtex Medical, Australia). Personalised dosimetry planning was performed by the treating interventional radiologist. SIRT was well tolerated by most patients, with major complications reported in a minority of cases (19/64 patients had an episode of biochemical decompensation within 90 days following treatment). The median TTP was 4.8 months (range 1–48 months). The median OS was 11.5 months (range 1–80 months), with those with a favourable MAAPE score having a median OS of 21.2 months (12.6–29.7 months).ConclusionsOur cohort suggests that SIRT is a safe and effective treatment option for a difficult‐to‐treat patient population. Our data suggest a longer OS for those with preserved liver function, good functional status and low AFP levels at 21.2 months. Poor pre‐treatment liver function and functional status are predictors of decompensation, and decompensation is a predictor of poor survival. These data provide an Australasian perspective and support the expanding role of SIRT in HCC treatment guidelines. Further prospective studies with larger sample sizes and longer follow‐up are warranted to confirm these findings.
Impact of nitroglycerin‐induced vasodilation on stroke volume and diuretic response in acute heart failure: A protocol for a mechanistic trial
Authors: Lau Frederik F. , El Caidi Nora Olsen , Hristovska Ana‐Marija , Noory Maryam , Lukoschewitz Jasmin Dam , Hove Jens Dahlgaard , Foss Nicolai Bang , Grand Johannes 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundAcute heart failure is a clinical syndrome characterized by cardiac dysfunction and neurohumoral activation, encompassing complex underlying pathophysiology which may vary across phenotypes. Nitroglycerine is a nitrate donor with vasodilatory effects on both venous capacitance vessels and arterial resistance vessels in higher doses, typically used with the aim of reducing congestion, preload, and afterload. A limited number of studies have proposed that nitroglycerin could promote diuresis and natriuresis. However, the exact hemodynamic effects of nitroglycerin remain uncertain in the clinical setting of acute decompensated heart failure. We hypothesize that intravenous nitroglycerin induces a significant increase in stroke volume and urinary output while lowering cardiac filling pressures.MethodsThis will be a prospective single‐center interventional clinical study of 21 patients hospitalized with a diagnosis of AHF. Patients are examined before and after administration of intravenous nitroglycerin. To characterize hemodynamic phenotypes of AHF, continuous estimates of stroke volume will be obtained, and total blood volume estimated. Vital signs and estimates of peripheral perfusion will be recorded continuously. Measures of cardiac function, renal function, volume status, and autonomic function will be assessed sequentially.ConclusionThis study will assess the acute effects of vasodilation on stroke volume and urinary output in hospitalized patients with AHF. Furthermore, characterizing the hemodynamic profile of the patient prior to vasodilation may help explore which patients will benefit from vasodilation.
Aging‐Associated Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells Dysfunction Aggravates the Progression of Metabolic Dysfunction‐Associated Steatotic Liver Disease
Authors: Dai Qingqing , Ain Quratul , Seth Navodita , Zhao Hongchuan , Rooney Michael , Zipprich Alexander 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAging increases the susceptibility to metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) help in maintaining hepatic homeostasis, but the contribution of age‐associated LSECs dysfunction to MASLD is not clear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of aging‐associated LSECs dysfunction on MASLD. Free fatty acid–treated AML12 cells were co‐cultured with young and etoposide‐induced senescent TSEC cells to evaluate the senescence‐associated endothelial effects on the lipid accumulation in hepatocytes. In addition, young and aged rats were subjected to methionine‐choline‐deficient diet–induced metabolic dysfunction–associated steatohepatitis (MASH). Hepatic hemodynamics and endothelial dysfunction were evaluated by in situ liver perfusion. Liver tissue samples from young and aged healthy controls and MASH patients were also analyzed. Steatotic AML12 cells co‐cultured with young TSEC cells showed less lipid accumulation, and such effect was abolished by eNOS inhibitor or with senescent TSEC cells. However, co‐culture with resveratrol‐treated senescent TSEC cells could partially resume the NO‐mediated protective effects of endothelial cells. Furthermore, aged MASH rats showed more severe liver injury, steatosis, fibrosis, and endothelial and microcirculatory dysfunction. In addition, aged MASH patients showed more pronounced liver injury and fibrosis with lower hepatic eNOS, p‐eNOS, and SIRT1 protein levels than in young patients. Senescence compromises the protective effects of LSECs against hepatocyte steatosis. In addition, aging aggravates not only liver steatosis and fibrosis but also intensifies LSECs dysfunction in MASH rats. Accordingly aged MASH patients also showed endothelial dysfunction with more severe liver injury and fibrosis.
Which grading system better predicts 28‐day mortality in nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage: Traditional clinical scores or combined grading systems?
Authors: Az Adem , Sogut Ozgur , Altinbilek Ertugrul , Oral Irem Yildirim , Calik Mustafa , Metiner Merve , Coskun Abuzer , Demirci Burak , Guven Ramazan , Altug Ertugrul , Durmus Burcu , Hokenek Nihat Mujdat , Tekedereli Eymen 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundThe objective was to investigate the predictive ability of traditional clinical, radiological scores, and combined grading systems for 28‐day mortality in patients with nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).MethodsThis multicenter cohort study enrolled 451 adults who presented to the emergency departments of six major tertiary care hospitals in Istanbul with nontraumatic aneurysmal SAH. Demographic data; clinical characteristics; and traditional clinical grading scores were recorded, including the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), Hunt and Hess scale (HHS), World Federation of Neurological Surgeons (WFNS) scale, modified Fisher scale (mFS), and two combined grading systems, the VASOGRADE and Ogilvy–Carter scales. These data were compared between survivors and nonsurvivors.ResultsA total of 451 patients were included, comprising 242 males (53.7%) and 209 females (46.3%), with a mean ± SD age of 54.8 ± 14.1 years. The overall mortality rate was 28.2% (n = 127). Nonsurvivors had significantly lower mean GCS scores and higher HHS, WFNS, mFS, and Ogilvy–Carter scores compared to survivors (all p < 0.001). A significantly higher proportion of nonsurvivors were categorized in the red group based on VASOGRADE (p < 0.001). Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified age, sex, HHS, mFS, WFNS, and VASOGRADE as independent predictors of mortality. The WFNS scale emerged as the most reliable predictor of mortality with an area under the curve of 0.878.ConclusionsAlthough the GCS and Ogilvy–Carter scales effectively distinguished survivors from nonsurvivors, they were not independent predictors of mortality. The WFNS scale was identified as the most reliable predictor of mortality in aneurysmal SAH patients, followed by the mFS and HHS.
Don't Stand So Close: Social Crowding Negatively Impacts Reproduction in an Endangered, Territorial Hawaiian Bird
Authors: Flanagan A. M. , Masuda B. , Bailey H. , Swaisgood R. R. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTConservation breeding programs (CBPs) can play a vital role in preventing extinction. Housing considerations are particularly important in CBPs because suboptimal enclosures can negate efforts to promote animal well‐being, survival, reproduction, and the retention of natural behaviors. Moreover, the quality and quantity of enclosures also influence the social environment experienced by animals, an important determinant of reproduction. Extinct in the wild, the territorial ‘Alalā (Hawaiian crow, Corvus hawaiiensis) is the subject of intensive conservation breeding at two purpose‐built facilities in Hawai'i. To examine the role of space and social environment in this CBP, we evaluated reproductive outcomes for ‘Alalā pairs held in different‐sized enclosures (i.e., housed in one vs. two chambers within a stand‐alone aviary building), corresponding to important differences in social context, including the amount of space and enclosure architecture available for the pair, which we label “social crowding.” We tested the hypothesis that social crowding adversely impacts nest quality, clutches laid, egg fertilization, and hatching success. We found social crowding negatively impacted nest quality and decreased the probability of clutch production, suggesting that stress, derived from being housed in a social arrangement that does not align with the territorial nature of ‘Alalā, may compromise reproductive behavior and/or physiology. We did not find statistical evidence that crowding affected egg fertilization or hatching success, thus the impacts of crowding appear to manifest during the earlier reproductive stages. Broadly, our findings underscore the importance of aviary design and social context in avian CBPs and raise concerns about reduced breeding output due to housing territorial birds in smaller enclosures with denser social arrangements. Furthermore, our findings can guide decisions about strategic housing of pairs in aviaries and identify solutions that mitigate the consequences of social crowding on reproductive success.
Coding with a transdisciplinary team – A project exploring unhealthy urban development
Authors: Barnfield Andrew , Bates Geoff 
Published: February 2025

AbstractWe are a geographer and a public policy researcher who share an interest in public health. In this paper we will explore coding in thematic analysis in a transdisciplinary qualitative study. We begin by introducing a moment from our 16‐week coding phase to identify the challenges in working across disciplines on qualitative analysis. Transdisciplinary research is about meeting in space and time – between disciplines and ideas, currents of thought – and producing something greater than the sum of its parts. It creates challenges for producing good quality research while maintaining team cohesion. In discussing our coding practices and procedures, we highlight how paying attention to team dynamics and atmosphere creation is fundamental for working in large groups.
The relationship between trait‐ and state‐math anxiety and math engagement: The role of math learning context and task difficulty
Authors: Guo Siwen , Liao Shanhui 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundVarious findings regarding the relationship between math anxiety and engagement have been identified in the literature, with many focusing on general math anxiety and overall math engagement.ObjectivesBased on the control‐value theory, this study examined the relationships between trait‐ and state‐math anxiety and behavioural and cognitive engagement in math under daily practice and exam preparation conditions across math tasks of varying difficulty levels.MethodsA survey study with 449 high school students and an experimental study with 33 freshmen were conducted. Students' trait‐ and state‐math anxiety, as well as behavioural and cognitive engagement in math, were measured under daily practice and exam preparation conditions across easy and difficult math tasks.ResultsA two‐level latent variable model was built in the survey study, and two‐way ANOVAs and regressions were used in the experimental study. Students exhibited greater state anxiety under exam preparation conditions in the survey study and showed differences in state‐math anxiety and engagement across learning contexts and math tasks in the experimental study. Students with higher trait‐math anxiety displayed less engagement in both studies, while those with higher state‐math anxiety when facing difficult tasks tended to engage more cognitively in the experiment.ConclusionsThese findings demonstrated discrepancies in the relationships between trait‐ and state‐math anxiety and math engagement, while accounting for learning context and task difficulty.
Characterisation of vent designs in flexible and navigable suction ureteric access sheaths
Authors: Menzies‐Wilson Richard , Williams Jessica , Rhodes Candace , Abbott Alycia , Ruiken Thijs , Turney Benjamin 
Published: February 2025

ObjectivesTo evaluate the different vent designs in three commercially available flexible and navigable suction (FANS) access sheaths—ClearPetra® (Well lead, Guangzhou, China), Elephant II (YIGAOMedical, Hangzhou, China) and Tuohy‐Borst FANS access sheath (Seplou, Zhejiang, China)—and quantify the effects these differing designs have on the control of suction.MethodsWe conducted benchtop experiments to quantify the effect of pressure vent design on suction pressure control. Suction experiments were conducted both in an atmospheric beaker and in a phantom kidney model. With an indwelling 9.5‐F LithoVue™ (Boston Scientific, Marlborough, MA, USA) ureteroscope, constant suction was applied to the access sheath's suction port. The vents were incrementally closed and corresponding flow rates calculated as a proxy for suction pressure. A mathematical model was developed to predict the impact of pressure control vent design on suction pressure control, flow rates and intrarenal pressure.ResultsFor both the ClearPetra and Elephant II suction access sheaths, opening the length of the vent has an exponential reduction in suction pressure. Negligible suction is exerted on the renal pelvis with ≥3 mm of vent open. The Seplou suction access sheath has a Tuohy‐Borst pressure vent, which allows finer control of suction pressures. The mathematical model showed strong agreement with experimental data.ConclusionCommercially available FANS access sheaths are similar in most aspects but have differing vent designs. With the vents open no suction is exerted on the renal collecting system. However, because the flexible access sheath intrarenal end is within the renal pelvis, outflow resistance is low and the pelvis will deflate, giving the impression of suction. We have developed a mathematical model that predicts flow at different suction pressures and with different degrees of the pressure vents open. This allows simulations across multidimensional parameter spaces and the resulting quantitative predictions can be exploited to assess the implications of FANS access sheath and ureteroscope design.