bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chordoma: Natural history and treatment results in 33 cases
Authors: Azzarelli Alberto , Quagliuolo Vittorio , Cerasoli Serenella , Zucali Roberto , Bignami Paola , Mazzaferro Vincenzo , Dossena Giovanni , Gennari Leandro 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThirty‐three chordomas were observed at the Istituto Nazionale Tumori of Milan from 1933 to 1983: 27 sacrococcygeal, 3 spheno‐occipital, and 3 vertebral. The male:female ratio was 2.7, and the median age was 63 yr for patients with sacrococcygeal and 35.2 yr for those with nonsacral chordomas. After pathologic reassessment, distinct cytologic patterns were found: physaliphorous, syncytial, and mixed subtypes, with variable degrees of cytologic atypia. However, no evident difference in survival was documented in relation to these cytohistologic features. Four cases had a prior traumatic fracture, and the pathogenetic role of trauma is stressed. Eight cases were operated with adequate surgery and only three recurred, whereas of 11 inadequate operations, 10 developed local relapse. However, follow‐up for recent adequate operations is short. Radiation therapy seemed to be effective with adjuvant or palliative aims. No chemotherapeutic regimen achieved any result; one case had a short complete remission after cis‐dichlorodiammineplatinum + vinblastine + bleomycin (PVB). This analysis confirms the possibility of achieving radicality with high resection of the sacrum for lesions confined below the second sacral vertebra. Nonsacral chordomas were all unresectable. The best treatment for unresectable lesions seems to be palliative surgery plus radiotherapy.
Preliminary observations of malignant melanoma therapy using radiolabeled alpha‐methyltyrosine
Authors: McLaughlin William H. , Thramann William M. , Lambrecht Richard M. , Milius Richard A. , Bloomer William D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA strategy for cancer therapy using astatine‐211‐labeled alpha‐methyltyrosine (211At‐AMT) was studied in cultured B16 melanoma cells and compared to the radiotoxicity of iodine‐125‐labeled iododeoxyuridine (125IUdR), a thymidine analogue. Both 125I and 211 At deliver lethal doses of irradiation to melanoma cells when administered as 125IUdR and 211At‐AMT. The alpha decay of astatine‐211 is more effective however, needing only a fraction of the cellular radioactivity of 125IUdR to effect comparable clonogenic survival. Compared with 125IUdR, 125I‐AMT is not cytotoxic because the range of the low energy electrons released does not interact with DNA. Uptake of radiolabeled AMT by melanotic cells is enhanced by theophylline. This preliminary evidence suggests that 211At‐labeled melanin precursors may be exquisitely cytotoxic to B16 melanoma cells.
Serum pseudocholinesterase levels in murine C3H mammary adenocarcinoma
Authors: Haid Max , Vender Jeffrey S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSerum pseudocholinesterase (PSC) levels may be depressed in persons with malignancy. Deficiency of this enzyme can lead to prolonged apnea in patients who receive succinylcholine. An animal model was developed to study this phenomenon in a controlled setting. C3H/HeJ mice inoculated subcutaneously with C3H mammary adenocarcinoma demonstrated lowering of their PSC levels. This decrease was attenuated by chemotherapy with intraperitoneal cyclophosphamide which also prolonged survival. Non‐tumor bearing control animals identically treated with cyclophosphamide experienced a transient drop in PSC on the 29th day which reverted to control values by the 36th day. No gradient of PSC could be demonstrated across a tumor's vascular bed. The effect of other chemotherapy agents on PSC is unknown. A possible role for PSC as a nonspecific marker for malignancy is worthy of further study.
Endocrine function after hetero‐ and ortho‐topic segmental pancreatic transplantation in primates
Authors: Du Toit Don F. , Heydenrych Jacobus J. , Smit Ben , Louw Gabriel , Zuurmond Theuns , Els Daniel , Weideman André , Wolfe‐Coote Sonja , Toit Lorraine Du , Davids Henry 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis study assessed the early postoperative pancreatic endocrine function after intraperitoneal segmental hetero‐ and ortho‐topic pancreatic allotransplantation in hemipancreatectomized, nonimmunesuppressed chacma baboons. Hemipancreatectomized animals remained normoglycaemic but rendered significantly reduced K values and insulin release during IVGTT, findings consistent with major pancreatic resection. Segmental hetero‐or ortho‐topic pancreatic transplantation did not improve reduced K values and hypoinsulinaemia following hemipancreatectomy although orthotopically sited grafts rendered the best glucose tolerance test curves. Glucagon output during IVGTT remained the same in both transplant models. It is concluded that the postoperative hormonal response was similar in both orthotopic and heterotopic transplant recipients, which indicates that drainage of graft venous effluent into the portal circulation has no advantage over systemic insulin drainage as reflected in this “diabetic” model.
Functioning metastases of a nonfunctioning paraganglioma
Authors: Fernandez‐Llamazares J. , Sabrià‐Leal M. , Armengol‐Carrasco M. , Garcia‐Bonafe M. , Salvà‐Lacombe J. A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA case of nonfunctioning paraganglioma, initially qualified as benign, is described. Two years following extirpation, functioning bone and lung metastases were manifested by hypertensive crises and increased levels of vanilmandelic acid and catecholamines in urine. The criteria for benign and malignant paragangliomas are discussed with regard to functional transformation of the tumor described in this case. It is concluded that the phenotypic heterogeneity of the primary tumor cells could explain the difference in biological behavior of the primary tumor and its metastases.
Early oral and oropharyngeal cancer in nontobacco users
Authors: Tabah R. J. , Razack M. S. , Sako K. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn order to define the clinical behavior and characteristics of oral and oropharyngeal squamous cancer in nontobacco users, 40 surgically treated American Joint Commission (AJC) stage I and II tumors in 36 nontobacco‐using patients were retrospectively compared with 306 similarly staged and treated tumors in 286 tobacco‐using patients. Significantly more nontobacco‐associated tumors were found in females (P < 0.005) whose mean age was significantly greater than that of tobacco users (P < 0.001). Nontobacco users had proportionately more tumors of the buccal mucosa, oral tongue, and hard palate and fewer of the floor of mouth (P < 0.025). There was no difference in the distribution of histologic grades between the two groups. The incidence of initial or subsequent nodal disease and the incidence of second upper aerodigestive tract cancers were similar. Despite similar rates of failure of initial treatment, the mean time to failure was significantly greater in nontobacco users (P < 0.01). There was no difference in determinate 5‐year survival between the two groups. Oral and oropharyngeal cancers in nontobacco users are no more aggressive than similar lesions in tobacco users.
Metastatic extramammary Paget's disease: Dramatic response to combined modality treatment
Authors: Balducci Lodovico , Athar Mohammad , Smith George F. , Khansur Tawfiq , McKenzie David , Crawford E. David 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA case of extramammary Paget's disease is reported. The distinguishing features of the case are: (1) localization of the primary lesion to the scrotum, (2) development of metastases in the absence of a recognizable underlying carcinoma, and (3) response of the systemic disease to a combination of radiation therapy and chemotherapy. The histogenesis, clinical behavior, and treatment of extramammary Paget's disease are reviewed.
Identification of synchronous esophageal tumors in patients with head and neck cancer
Authors: Abemayor Elliot , Moore Dennis M. , Hanson David G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPatients with a primary head and neck neoplasm are at risk for additional malignancies of the upper aerodigestive tract, which may be asymptomatic. This phenomenon may reflect the regional carcinogenic influence of alcohol and tobacco abuse. A review of the recent literature documents the value of performing laryngoscopy, bronchoscopy, and esophagoscopy on all patients being staged for head and neck tumors to identify second synchronous cancers, the presence of which may significantly alter the treatment plan.
Coordinating cancer care using a weekly patient‐oriented conference
Authors: Sugarbaker Paul H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA patient‐oriented conference is described that has been successfully used to help coordinate a multidisciplinary approach to cancer. The conference is devoted to concerns of a nonmedical nature and attempts to address these issues directly in the context of a total care plan. The group must realize that similar patient‐related problems will occur again and again. The conference attempts to develop a system by which needs of patients are recognized so that the responsibilities of the various care givers can be efficiently and effectively integrated into a quality product. The conference provides a process for continuous feedback by patients and staff members into the system. It can improve the overall quality of care and by direct association can improve the quality of life of the patient. It can make caring for cancer patients more satisfying, both professionally and personally.
The characteristics of thymoma with myasthenia gravis: A 28‐year experience
Authors: Monden Yasumasa , Uyama Tadashi , Taniki Toshikatu , Hashimoto Jumpei , Fujii Yoshitaka , Nakahara Kazuya , Kawashima Yasunaru , Masaoka Akira 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOf 134 patients with thymoma, 79 (59%) also had myasthenia gravis (MG). The thymoma with MG differed from that in the absence of MG in the following aspects: The ratio of lymphocytes to epithelial cells in the tumor was larger, the polygonal cell type was more prominent (i.e., in 83% of the MG patients this cell type predominated), and the differentiation of epithelial cells in the tumor was more advanced in the group with MG than in the group without MG. Furthermore, the clinical stage of thymoma was earlier, the recurrence rate was lower, and the survival curve was better in the group with MG than in the group without MG. These findings suggest that the thymoma with MG is less malignant than that without MG.
Role of tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes in the host defense mechanism against lung cancer
Authors: Yasumoto Kosei , Takeo Sadanori , Yano Tokujiro , Nakahashi Hisashi , Nagashima Akira , Sugimachi Keizo , Nomoto Kikuo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) and tumor‐associated macrophages (TAM) were recovered from 22 patients with primary lung cancer. The TIL did not exhibit any cytolytic activity against various target cells. The average percentage of TIL recovered was 6.7 ± 1.3% in patients without recurrence, as compared to 3.6 ± 0.6% in those with recurrence within 2 years after complete resection of lung cancer (P<0.05). The average cytostatic activity of TAM was 38.5 ± 6.8% in patients without recurrence, although it was 25.2 ± 4.6% in those with recurrence within 2 years after complete resection (P<0.1). The activity of macrophage activating factor (MAF) induced by TIL was also higher in patients showing no recurrence. A significant positive correlation was observed between MAF activity induced by TIL and the cytostatic activity of individual TAM. These results suggest that antitumor activity of TAM may be controlled by specifically sensitized TIL through lymphokines.
Primary pulmonary rhabdomyosarcoma in a child, with a review of literature
Authors: Shariff Shameem , Thomas John A. , Shetty Nithyananda , D'Cunha Stephen 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA cyst in the left lower lobe of the lung was removed from a 15‐month‐old girl and showed evidence suggesting a preexistent congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation; in addition a rhabdomyosarcoma was identified. Primitive mesenchyme and mesenchymal elements also were seen. The origin of the rhabdomyosarcoma is discussed. The findings in the present case are compared with those of all childhood pulmonary rhabdomyosarcomas reported in the literature. This report of a child with a coexistent congenital adenomatoid malformation and a rhabdomyosarcoma is the third of its kind in the literature.
Skin cancer of the nose: Options for reconstruction
Authors: Conte Charles C. , Razack Mohamed S. , Sako Kumao 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe nose is the most common site of skin cancer on the human body. This review was compiled to enumerate the many reconstructive techniques which are available and to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each technique. Five hundred twenty‐one patients with nasal cancer were treated at Roswell Park Memorial Institute from 1964 to 1981. Four hundred five patients were treated by cryotherapy, electrocautery, chemosurgery, radiation therapy, or local excision with primary closure. Forty‐six patients were treated with simple nasolabial flaps. The remaining 70 patients underwent more extensive resections and reconstructions. Their records were reviewed. At 5 years the local recurrence rate was 3% for basal cell carcinoma and 20% for squamous cell carcinoma. The multiple reconstructive techniques which were utilized in these patients are discussed. Skin‐grafting procedures were used to manage 51% of the patients. Prostheses were used in 9%. Multiple different reconstructive flaps were used for the remaining 40% of the patients. The management of large nasal carcinomas must be individualized with therapeutic decisions being made by a practitioner who is familiar with the many reconstructive options. This will ensure the optimal functional and aesthetic result for each patient.
Primary malignant melanoma of the nasal cavity: A clinicopathologic study of nine cases
Authors: Matias Carlos , Corde Jose , Soares Jorge 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNine cases of primary malignant melanoma of the nasal cavity are presented. All the patients had epistaxis and nasal obstruction at admission. Gross aspect of the neoplasia showed a fungating mass located in the right nasal cavity in six cases and in the left nasal cavity in three. Eight tumors were formed by polygonal cells and one tumor by spindle cells. Melanosis of the adjacent mucosa was found in only 1 case. S‐100 protein was demonstrated by indirect immunoperoxidase in all cases. The mean survival rate was 23.8 months. Prognosis was not related to the histologic pattern, cell atypia, necrosis, pigment secretion, or mitotic index. Radiotherapy seemed to have some beneficial influence on the survival but did not influence the local recurrence and metastatic spread of the disease.
Benign nasopharyngeal lymphoid tumors, lymphoepithelial lesions, and lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis
Authors: Puterman Marco , Fliss Dan M. , Coldstein Jed , Zirkin Howard 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA clinico‐pathologic and immunologic case study of a 57‐year‐old woman who has shown progressive lymphoid proliferations and lymphocyte dysfunction over the course of 10 years is presented. Early in the course ofher disease, she presented with recurrent benign nasopharyngeal lymphoid tumors. She subsequently developedbenign lymphoepithelial lesions involving both a submandibular and then a parotid salivary gland. She eventually underwent pneumonectomy for lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis with marked cystic degeneration and lung destruction. Although frank malignancy has not been demonstrated review of her nasopharyngeal biopsies andof her pulmonary pathology shows a tendency toward distinct cellular uniformity with loss of follicles and germinal centers. Concurrently, immunologic studies have demonstrated abnormalities of cell mediated (T cell)function.
Primary malignant lymphoma of the mandible
Authors: Wen B‐Chen , Zahra Mohammed K. , Hussey David H. , Fred Doornbos J. , Vigliotti Antonio 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFrom 1945 through 1985, 32 cases of primary lymphoma of bone were treated at the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics. Sixteen cases (50%) demonstrated the lesion in the long tubular bones with a predilection for the lower and upper extremities. The frequently involved flat bones (six cases) were the bones of the pelvis. There were only three cases (9%) where the mandible was the primary site. In this report, the literature is reviewed and three cases with primary lymphoma of the mandible are presented.
Renal angiomyolipomas
Authors: Drago Joseph R. , Nesbitt John A. , Leb Robert 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRenal angiomyolipomas are generally benign tumors which are composed of smooth muscle, fat, and blood vessels. Classically these have been diagnosed with the use of arteriograms; however, since ultrasound and CAT scans have come into use these now are the common modalities for diagnosis. All angiomyolipomas generally can be followed conservatively, whereas larger ones have a tendency to bleed and require intervention. This paper reviews the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of patients with angiomyolipomas.
Thermal dose‐response of magnetic‐induction thermoradiotherapy
Authors: Kristian Storm F. , Elashoff Robert M. , Baker Harvey W. , Scanlon Edward F. , Rn Beverly Drury, , Lee Martha , Ms Denise Roe , Morton Donald L 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSixty‐three patients with advanced cancer underwent ≥ 5,000 cGy combined with Concentric Coil magnetic‐induction localized hyperthermia. Tumor regression (CR + PR) was compared to thermal dose received, incorporating the premise that hyperthermia response is a function of time as well as temperature. A computer program was developed (after Saparto and Dewey [2]) which stored minimum tumor temperatures recorded spatially and temporally during treatment and correlated response with T43 (equivalent minutes at 43 °C during the first treatment) and CT43 (cumulative T43, computed by multiplying T43 by the actual number of identical subsequent treatments received during the course of therapy). Those who responded—N = 46 (73%)—had significantly higher median thermal doses than those who did not respond. Comparison of T43 and CT43 thermal dose values between responders and nonresponders was significantly different at p values of 0.05 and 0.04, respectively. The data indicate that magnetic‐induction hyperthermia and high‐dose XRT was an effective treatment combination in advanced disease and that tumor response improved as thermal dose increased.
Mouse ovarian tumor cells: An experimental model for progestin‐mediated radiotherapy
Authors: Blumenthal Rosalyn D. , McLaughlin William H. , Jordan Jerold J. , Cryan Ellen V. , Bloomer William D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMouse ovarian tumor (MOT) cells have been grown in C3HeB/FeJ mice as an ascites and as a subcutaneous tumor and in cell culture as a suspension. These cells contain saturable, high‐affinity, specific progesterone receptors. Estrogen receptors were not detectable in these cells. MOT cells can be used as both an in vivo and an in vitro model for progestin‐mediated radiotherapy.
Stage II malignant melanoma: Presentation of a prognostic model and an assessment of specific active immunotherapy in 1,273 patients
Authors: Slingluff Craig L. , Vollmer Robin , Seigler H. F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe ability to redefine risk factors and to predict prognosis in patients with malignant melanoma at the time they manifest nodal metastasis can be a benefit to the patient emotionally and to the physician therapeutically. A retrospective review of 1,273 patients with stage II malignant melanoma was performed at our institution. The most significant prognostic factors in a simultaneous hazard Cox multivariate analysis, predicting melanoma‐related mortality among stage II patients, were the number of positive nodes (P < 0.0001), age (P = 0.0004), site of the primary lesion (P = 0.0036), disease‐free interval (P = 0.016), thickness of the primary lesion (P = 0.017), and sex of the patient (P = 0.0616). We have developed a model for predicting survival of stage II patients, designed for use in the clinic setting. Its application in a computer system makes it accessible and understandable. The most favorable risk group (18% of the population) has actuarial 5‐ and 10‐year survival rates of 58% and 49%, respectively, from the time of the nodal metastasis. The least favorable risk group (7% of the population) has 5‐ and 10‐year survival rates of 15% and 10%, respectively. There are three intermediate risk groups. All groups differ prognostically (P < 0.04). The principal adjuvant therapy offered to these patients was specific active immunotherapy, which appears to have a 10‐20% survival benefit in stage II patients with greater than one positive node, when compared with institutional controls. The apparent survival benefit of the immunotherapy supports continued clinical investigation of its therapeutic potential.
Effect of chronically administered pentagastrin on the nude mouse
Authors: Johnson Frank E. , Laregina Marie C. , Devine Joseph E. , Hudd Charles A. M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe nude mouse has been used to evaluate the effect of gastrin on xenografted tissues, but little is known about long‐term actions of gastrin on native organs in this species. We investigated the impact of chronically administered synthetic pentagastrin on the nude mouse. Six groups of mice (eight animals each) received intraperitoneal injections twice daily for 14 days with saline or pentagastrin at 0.5, 5, 50, 500, or 5,000 g/kg. Behavior, overall health, and body weight were unaffected by this treatment. Of the seven organs examined at necropsy, only the pancreas showed a weight gain in response to pentagastrin treatment, and this occurred only at the highest dose. Total DNA content of the pancreas decreased in a dose‐related manner, indicating hypoplasia, whereas pancreatic RNA content increased, indicating hypertrophy. No effect on the stomach was observed. This work indicates that the nude mouse is less sensitive than other species to visceral growth regulation by pentagastrin, and that toxicity is low.
Squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid
Authors: Sarda A. K. , Bal S. , Arunabh  , Singh M. K. , Kapur M. M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEight cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid are reviewed. The clinical features and natural history of our cases are presented. All tumours showed an aggressive biological behaviour. Two patients showed association with well‐differentiated thyroid cancer. It is difficult to conclude whether these tumours are de novo occurrences or were a result of a complete replacement of a previously existing condition after a change in histologic character.
Resection of hepatocellular carcinoma with obstructive jaundice caused by compression of the common hepatic duct
Authors: Lee Kwang Choon , Sakai Katsuji , Kinoshita Hiroaki , Hirohashi Kazuhiro , Tsuji Yasutoshi , Kubo Shoji , Iwasa Ryutaro 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe treated a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma in whom jaundice was caused by obstruction of the common hepatic duct because of compression by the tumor. Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiodrainage was performed preoperatively. The tumor was entirely in the medial segment of the liver, without invasion of the hepatic ducts, and medial segmentectomy was performed. As of the end 1985 of 58 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma complicated by extrahepatic obstructive jaundice have been reported in Japan. In only four was obstructivejaundice caused by extraluminal biliary compression. We review ten patients treated by liver resection.