bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fostering the understanding of patient safety among medical and health sciences students in an environment of interprofessional education: An interventional study
Authors: Guraya Salman Yousuf , Sulaiman Nabil , Hasswan Ahmed , Salmanpour Vida Abdolhamid , Jirjees Feras Jassim , Taha Mohamed Hassan , Mahmoud Ibrahim , Alamara Jennat , Kawas Sausan AL , Awad Manal , Dias Jacqueline Maria , David Leena R , Haider Mohamed Aly , Guraya Shaista Salman , Dash Nihar Ranjan , Al-Qallaf Amal , Shorbagi Sarra 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Interprofessional education (IPE) plays an elementary role in improving healthcare outcomes by shared understanding and by reducing errors and adverse events. Unfortunately, most healthcare professionals have not received training for patient safety (PS) in an interprofessional setting, which can meet the needs of societal medical needs. This study aimed to foster the understanding of senior medical and health sciences students about PS at the University of Sharjah in UAE.
Methods
Using a stratified random sampling technique, we recruited students from College of Medicine (CoM), College of Pharmacy (CoP), College of Dental Medicine (CDM), and College of Health Sciences (CHS) of UoS. The online synchronous real-time workshop included interactive resource sessions, breakout room discussions using real clinical cases, and pre-post surveys using a questionnaire with three domains of PS; medical professionalism, leadership in healthcare, and precision medicine.
Results
A total of 248 students and 20 facilitators participated in the workshop. CoM had the highest representation (47.5%), followed by CoP (36.5%), CHS (13.3%), and CDM (2.7%). There was a statistically improved understanding in all domains of PS across all colleges (p < 0.001). Notably, students in years four and five from CoM and CoP showed significant improvement in their perceptions than other colleges (p < 0.001). The participants encountered challenges of weak internet connections, software issues, technical failures, and power outages during the workshop.
Conclusion
This study highlights a positive impact of an IPE-based interventional workshop on the students' understanding and insights of PS. This underscores the paramount role of IPE in improving perceptions and approaches towards PS in the context of healthcare education.
Experimental assessment of the effect of surfacecondition on aged adhesive joint performance
Authors: Vervaeke Rens , Weiland Josef , Buysschaert Frank , Debruyne Stijn , Vandepitte Dirk , Schiebahn Alexander , Moens David 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Industries such as aerospace are very interested in the use of structural adhesives as a joining technique. Compared to riveting, they offer better stress distribution, eliminating stress peaks which can be quite problematic with thin sheet materials. The ability to bond different materials allows for a wider range of material combinations that result in weight reduction. Aluminium and other metals are popular in the aerospace industry, but their reactivity to water molecules compromises the bond strength. This presents problems for manufacturers in predicting and monitoring service life. This study addresses degradation at the interface and the importance of proper surface treatment. Two different adhesive types (epoxy and methylacrylate) and adherent materials (AW 5754 H111 and AISI 1.4301) result in four different sample configurations. Several pretreatments are applied, all using different mechanisms to improve adhesion Drozdziel2022 \cite{Ebnesajjad2015} Marques2020. After surface treatment, the contact angle with de-ionised water is measured, which is directly related to surface energy \cite{Ebnesajjad20151}. The samples are tested for residual lap shear strength after being subjected to an ageing trajectory for one week. Statistical analysis is used to establish a relationship between surface energy and residual lap shear strength. The importance of surface treatment is established, but there is no direct relationship between contact angle and joint durability. Corrosion protection appears to be important, and the adherent material and adhesive type determine the optimum surface treatment.
Influence of granite nanoparticles on the mechanical, damping and antimicrobial properties of silk-sisal hybrid nanocomposites
Authors: K Sripriyan , M karthigha 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This paper focuses on the effect of granite-micro-filler on static mechanical properties, damping behavior, and physical characteristics of silk-sisal hybrid composite. The composites structures are fabricated by using three layers of plain weaves mat with varying weight percentages (2, 4, and 6 wt. %) of granite-micro-filler by hand layer process. The effect of granite-micro-filler on silk-sisal is analyzed and results are compared with pure silk-sisal (without granite-Micro-filler) hybrid composite. The results infer that; the tensile strength and flexural strength value of the developed silk-sisal hybrid composites are increased with the increase in wt.% of granite-micro-filler content than pure silk-sisal, approximately 5% and 9% improved value in order by adding 6 wt. % granite-micro-filler on silk-sisal. The tensile and flexural fracture morphology analysis indicated that composed plain weave of silk-sisal fiber mat with two (longitudinal and transverse) directions possesses higher mechanical properties and also observed that, granite-micro-filler dispersed on silk-sisal fiber mat and resin with closely packed. The improved damping factor is obtained by adding 6 wt. % of granite-micro-filler content, which is approximately 75.8% higher than pure silk-sisal. The physical properties of silk-sisal hybrid composite have also been analyzed and well discussed in this paper.
An ethical analysis of human fetal and embryological collections and informed consent: a focus group study
Authors: El-Haddad Joyce , Pather Nalini 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Human fetal and embryological collections refer to repositories or archives that house remains of human fetuses and embryos at different stages of development. Previous studies have highlighted that most remains in these collections have been obtained without informed consent from the next of kin, thus reflecting a time in history where this may have been acceptable. Previous studies seeking stakeholder perceptions towards these collections suggest that there is misalignment with the values of society today, and the current guiding frameworks pertaining to these collections. The aim of this study was to explore and analyse the perceptions of key stakeholders regarding fetal collections with a particular focus on informed consent.
Methods
Through conducting focus group interviews of 25 participants, the study sought to provide an in-depth exploration of how stakeholders perceive the value of fetal and embryological collections, and the importance of informed consent.
Results
The mean age of participants was 29.1 years of age with a gender distribution of 40% men and 55.6% of women. Thematic analysis identified four themes: Consent; preparation for clinical practice; 3. equity and fairness; and 4 educational value, with several subthemes identified at macro, meso, and micro ethical levels. Macro subthemes included importance of informed consent, and equity and fairness, and genetic composition. Meso subthemes included respect and privacy, and legal and institutional considerations. Micro subthemes included emotional considerations, preparation for clinical practice, and educational value.
Conclusions
The study advocates for consideration of the ethical issues surround human fetal and embryological collections from the macro, meso, and micro ethical frameworks.
Impact of zinc oxide nanoparticles and iron on Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni growth, nutrient uptake, and bioactive compounds under in vitro conditions
Authors: Lankarani Seyed Mohammad Javad , Karimi Jaber , Rezaei Ayatollah 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The experiment investigated the effects of different levels of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) (0, 10, 20, and 30 mg/L) and iron sulfate (13.9, 27.8, and 55.6 mg/L) on morphological and physiological responses of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni plant under in vitro conditions. Results indicated that the combined application of ZnONPs at 10 mg and iron at 27.8 mg led to the highest increase in shoot number, height, and biomass, showing a respective rise of 17.37%, 39.66%, and 45.02% compared to control cultures. The highest pigment content and tissue antioxidant activity (83.48%) was observed with the combined presence of 10 mg/L ZnONPs and 27.8 mg/L iron. As ZnONP concentration increased in the culture medium, the combined effect on lipid peroxidation rate became more pronounced. The impact of ZnONPs on phenolic compound production varied depending on the specific substance. The iron content of shoots increased significantly by 41.11% under the influence of 27.8 mg/L iron and 10 mg/L ZnONP compared to control cultures. Interaction effects of treatments at various levels resulted in increased zinc content in shoots, peaking at 27.8 mg/L iron when ZnONP reached 20 mg/L, representing a 56.28% increment over control levels before slightly decreasing. The most increases in stevioside and rebaudioside were observed with the combination of 10 mg/L ZnONP and 27.8 mg/L iron, showing enhancements of 75.04% and 63.08%, respectively. These findings suggest that ZnONPs could stimulate the growth and enhance the bioactive components of stevia plants, making them a viable option as elicitors in in vitro batch cultures.
Healthcare workers’ compliance with COVID-19 preventive and control measures at De Martino Hospital, Mogadishu, Somalia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Janay Abdullahi Ibrahim , Kilic Bulent , Unal Belgin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Healthcare workers are a high-risk group for COVID-19 and protecting them is crucial for healthcare delivery. Limited studies have explored compliance with infection prevention and control (IPC) practices among Somali healthcare workers. This study aimed to determine compliance with IPC practices among healthcare workers in De Martino Public Hospital, Somalia.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted at De Martino Public Hospital, Mogadishu, Somalia from August to October 2022, with the participation of 204 healthcare workers (response rate = 97%). Compliance was assessed using responses to 25 questions on a five-point Likert-type scale, and a median score of 20 was used to dichotomize compliance scores. A chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were performed to check the associations between healthcare workers’ sociodemographic information, related factors to IPC, work conditions and practices on COVID-19, and IPC compliance during healthcare interventions using SPSS 23 version.
Results
In total, 58.3% of the participants had good compliance with IPC. There were significant associations between IPC compliance and the type of healthcare worker (doctors and doctor assistants: 72.3%, nurses and paramedical staff: 67.3%, non-clinical staff: 5.7%, p < 0.01). After adjusting for potential confounding factors, compared to non-clinical staff, doctors and doctor assistants (OR: 12.11, 95% CI: 2.23–65.84) and nurses and paramedical staff (OR: 21.38, 95% CI: 4.23–108.01) had higher compliance with infection prevention and control measures. There were no significant associations between compliance and sex, marital status, vaccination status, or smoking (p > 0.05 for all).
Conclusions
Inadequate compliance with COVID-19 IPC measures was observed among hospital workers. Prioritizing awareness campaigns and behavior change interventions, especially among non-clinical staff, is crucial for effective COVID-19 infection prevention and control within hospitals.
Pilot Study on Using Large Language Models for Educational Resource Development in Japanese Radiological Technologist Exams
Authors: Kondo Tatsuya , Okamoto Masashi , Kondo Yohan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

In this study, we evaluated the potential of large language models (LLMs) in the development of educational materials for healthcare professional licensure exams with multiple choice questions (MCQs) in non-English-speaking countries, focusing on Japan's Radiological Technologist National Exam. We adapted MCQs from the exam, categorizing them into image-based, calculation, and textual questions, and generated explanatory texts using Microsoft Bing's Copilot. We assessed the quality of explanatory texts on a 0–4-point scale. Our findings showed that LLMs scored highly in text-based questions, demonstrating strong capabilities in processing textual information. However, we identified significant challenges in formula construction and the calculation process associated with calculation questions. Additionally, despite LLMs' multimodal functions, image-based questions received lower scores, which suggests the need for alternative approaches to these questions. In this study, we highlighted the effectiveness of LLMs in creating educational materials for medical licensure exams in non-English-speaking contexts while also noting the challenges in ensuring students' accuracy when they independently used LLM-generated information.
Examination of the Impact of Lumbar Interbody Fusion Surgery on Renal Function in Elderly Patients
Authors: Serikyaku Hisashi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Perioperative acute kidney injury (AKI) can have devastating outcomes, including surgical site infection, progression to chronic renal failure or death. In this study, patients aged 60 years or older who underwent lumbar single interbody fusion alone at our hospital were investigated whether the invasiveness of single level lumbar interbody fusion affect the perioperative renal function in elderly patients.
Materials and methods
One hundred twenty-seven patients who underwent single level posterior lumbar intervertebral body fusion at L3/4, L4/5 or L5/S level due to back pain, lower limb numbness and pain were divided into two groups: those aged 60–79 years and those 80 years or over. Serum total protein (TP), hemoglobin (Hb), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine phosphokinase (CPK), creatinine (CRE), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) preoperatively, the day after surgery and seven days after surgery and the rate of change were examined and compared between the two groups for the presence of rhabdomyolysis and AKI associated with surgical invasion.
Results
Rhabdomyolysis was not observed in those over 80 years of age, but two patients in the 60–79 age group. Seven days after surgery, there were no cases of deteriorating renal function in the group aged 80 years or older, but four cases in the group aged 60–79 years. AKI did not occur in both groups.
Conclusions
Posterior lumbar intervertebral fusion might be performed relatively safely even in patients over 80 years of age with renal function below G3b.
Exploring Public Knowledge and Perceptions of ADHD-related web searches: An Infodemiology study in 15 countries
Authors: Cherrez-Ojeda Ivan , Robles-Velasco Karla , Sagñay-Pinilla Juan , Crespo-Shijin Carolina , Cherrez Michelle , Rodas-Valero Gabriela , Hysenaj Flavia , Maquilon Jaime Rosero 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one the most common neuropsychiatric disorders particularly affecting children with a worldwide distribution. The aim of this study was to examine the near real-time spread of health information regarding ADHD through Internet data in 15 countries.
Materials and Methods: On October 13, through Google Trends (GTr) we applied the most used terms referring to ADHD, determining the relative search volume (RSV) of ADHD-related searches from 15 countries. We analyzed the data both qualitatively and quantitatively, the last one using a 12-month predictive ARIMA model.
Results: The most searched categories in the 15 countries were Definition, Age, and Signs and Symptoms with Treatment being the least searched. Additionally, we observed a rising pattern in interest over time (IOT) with a peak in 2020.
Conclusion: There is a growing interest among the general population in understanding what is ADHD, which reveals the areas where we can improve information resources available for patients as well as implement the use Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) to bridge this gap.
The varus/valgus angle of the femoral component relative to the tibial component can lead to a deviation of the bearing position in mobile bearing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty which can increase the risk of bearing dislocation
Authors: Li Hai-Feng 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose: This study aimedto evaluate the relationship between the bearing position and relative angle of the femoral and tibial components using postoperative radiological measurements.
Methods: This study included 120 patients who underwent MB-UKA at our hospital between January and August 2023. Standard anteroposterior-view radiographs were obtained postoperatively using C-arm fluoroscopy. We developed a 3D-2D image matching method to measure the femoral component varus/valgus angle and internal/external rotation (IR/ER) relative to the tibial component. The bearing position parameters were measured. Patients were divided into varus/valgus groups and IR/ER groups according to the femoral component varus/valgus angle and IR/ER angle. The bearing position parameters of each group were compared separately.
Results: There were 57 patients in the varus group, 63 in the valgus group, 59 in the IR group, and 61 in the ER group. The W-BED (the distance between the bearing lateral edge and the lateral wall) was significantly lower in varus group than in the valgus group (1.9 (0 to 6.4) vs 2.8 (0.3 to 7.7) mm; P<0.001). No differences were observed in any bearing position parameters. The varus/valgus angle of the femoral component showed a significant negative correlation with the W-BED. The IR/ER angle of the femoral component showed no significant correlation with any of the positional parameters.
Conclusion: The varus/valgus angle of the femoral component relative to the tibial component can lead to a deviation of the bearing position. The IR/ER of the femoral component had no effect on the final bearing position.
Voltage-Induced Void Formation in High-Temperature Oxide Scales of Boiler Tubes
Authors: Rosdin Muhammad Rafiq Haikal , Bakar Syed Noh Syed Abu , Hamid Abd Malek Abdul , Ismail Ahmad Abdul Mun’im , Ani Mohd Hanafi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The formation of voids in the oxide scale during high temperature oxidation is one of critical issues that leads to poor oxide scale adherence, fouling, spalling and materials loss, which affect substrate’s performance. Visual inspection is currently the sole way to detect corrosion process at high temperature environment. At room temperature, under the standard condition, cathodic protection has been successfully employed to monitor and control the corrosion. Understanding the development of voids in oxide scale is crucial to develop mitigation strategies and predictive maintenance. Thus, this study was intended to serve as a preliminary step to emulate the cathodic protection technique at high temperature. By polarizing the sample, it is postulated that it may affects the diffusivity of cation/anion in oxide scale, which is the rate determining step of the oxidation process. Ueda et al and Maruyama et al has shown that the difference in flux, or chemical potential of the oxygen species is the sole factor for the formation of void in oxide scale in controlled environment. In this study, the amount of voids present was measure directly on T91 alloys exposed at 823 K under various induced voltageT91 alloy which consists of Fe-9%Cr was externally induced with voltages of 0V, 50V and 300V for 43.2 ks, 259.2 ks and 432 ks at 923 K in air (\({P}_{{O}_{2}}\)) = 0.21 atm = 2.1 × 104 Pa). The presence of oxide layers was analysed using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and the void formed was inspected using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). XRD results reveal that peaks of Fe2O3, Fe3O4, FeCr2O3 and Cr2O3 were formed on all sample. The parabolic rate constant, Kp was calculated as 3.83 × 10–14 m2/s, 2.17 × 10–14 m2/s and 9.25 × 10–14 m2/s respectively, verifying that the reaction occurred was a solid state diffusion. Changes in Kp at different induced voltages is clear evidence that the diffusivity was altered by external electrical potential. It was observed that the overall void formation decreased by 17%. Apparently, inducing voltage onto T91 alloy effects the ionic diffusivity and changes the void formation. Conversely, it may be used to promote diffusivity of more inert species such as Cr to form protective layer at early stage of oxidation.
Association Between Spinal Canal Sagittal Diameter Dynamics and T2- Weighted MRI Intramedullary Hyperintensity in Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy Patients
Authors: Zu Feiyu , Qi Hao , Wang Chenchen , Zhao Zenghui , Wang Zhaoxuan , Wang Chenxi , Xue Rui , Chen Wei , Hou Zhiyong , Zhang Di 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Objective This study aimed to explore the dynamic changes in the spinal canal sagittal diameter and their association with increased intramedullary signal intensity on MRI T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM), providing clinical guidance for diagnosing and selecting appropriate treatment approaches.Materials and Methods Clinical data from 72 patients diagnosed with CSM and treated at the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University were collected and subjected to comparative analysis. The patients were divided into two groups based on the signal intensity on preoperative cervical MRI T2WI (Group I, which exhibited hyperintensity, and Group II, which showed no signal changes). Statistical analysis was conducted comparing the two groups in terms of gender, lesion segment, age, BMI, duration of symptoms, preoperative JOA score, spinal cord compression rate, cervical curvature, total cervical ROM, intervertebral space ROM, and the sagittal diameter of the cervical spinal canal in lateral, hyperextension, and hyperflexion positions.Results The study included 40 males and 32 females, with an average age of 51.49 ± 7.23 years. No significant differences were found in age, BMI, symptom duration, preoperative JOA score, spinal cord compression rate, cervical physiological curvature, total cervical ROM, intervertebral space ROM, and the distribution of gender and segment (p>0.05). However, both the total superior and inferior variation values of the cervical canal sagittal diameter during neck flexion and extension activities were significantly lower in Group I than in Group II (p = 0.001), indicating negative changes. The interobserver reliability was high.Conclusion The dynamics of the sagittal diameter of the cervical spinal canal play a crucial role in the progression of CSM. This aspect should be given significant attention and can inform the assessment and selection of clinical treatment plans for patients with CSM.