bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kentucky Outreach Service Kiosk (KyOSK) Study protocol: a community-level, controlled quasi-experimental, type 1 hybrid effectiveness study to assess implementation, effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a community-tailored harm reduction kiosk on HIV, HCV and overdose risk in rural Appalachia
Authors: Young April M , Havens Jennifer R , Cooper Hannah L F , Fallin-Bennett Amanda , Fanucchi Laura , Freeman Patricia R , Knudsen Hannah , Livingston Melvin D , McCollister Kathryn E , Stone Jack , Vickerman Peter , Freeman Edward , Jahangir Tasfia , Larimore Elizabeth , White Carol R , Cheatom Chelsi , Community Staff KyOSK , Design Team KyOSK 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionMany rural communities bear a disproportionate share of drug-related harms. Innovative harm reduction service models, such as vending machines or kiosks, can expand access to services that reduce drug-related harms. However, few kiosks operate in the USA, and their implementation, impact and cost-effectiveness have not been adequately evaluated in rural settings. This paper describes the Kentucky Outreach Service Kiosk (KyOSK) Study protocol to test the effectiveness, implementation outcomes and cost-effectiveness of a community-tailored, harm reduction kiosk in reducing HIV, hepatitis C and overdose risk in rural Appalachia.Methods and analysisKyOSK is a community-level, controlled quasi-experimental, non-randomised trial. KyOSK involves two cohorts of people who use drugs, one in an intervention county (n=425) and one in a control county (n=325). People who are 18 years or older, are community-dwelling residents in the target counties and have used drugs to get high in the past 6 months are eligible. The trial compares the effectiveness of a fixed-site, staffed syringe service programme (standard of care) with the standard of care supplemented with a kiosk. The kiosk will contain various harm reduction supplies accessible to participants upon valid code entry, allowing dispensing data to be linked to participant survey data. The kiosk will include a call-back feature that allows participants to select needed services and receive linkage-to-care services from a peer recovery coach. The cohorts complete follow-up surveys every 6 months for 36 months (three preceding kiosk implementation and four post-implementation). The study will test the effectiveness of the kiosk on reducing risk behaviours associated with overdose, HIV and hepatitis C, as well as implementation outcomes and cost-effectiveness.Ethics and disseminationThe University of Kentucky Institutional Review Board approved the protocol. Results will be disseminated in academic conferences and peer-reviewed journals, online and print media, and community meetings.Trial registration numberNCT05657106.
A data compilation of antibiotic treatments in Canadian finfish aquaculture from 2016 to 2021 and the cumulative usage of antibiotics and antiparasitic drugs at marine sites
Authors: Jonah L. , Hamoutene Dounia , Kingsbury M. , Johnson L. , Fenton A.J. 
Published: March 2024

Antibiotics can be introduced from aquaculture facilities into marine sediments, where they may affect benthic communities and generate antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Antibiotics can be used in tandem with antiparasitics, and the effects of their combined usage could affect AMR patterns and transmit antibiotic resistance genes. This study compiles patterns of antibiotic and antiparasitic drug usage from 2016 to 2021 in British Columbia, New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador, and Nova Scotia (Canada) and compares them internationally. There is an overall reduction in rates of antibiotic use per fish produced in Canadian aquaculture sites from 2016 to 2021. Compared to other salmon-producing countries, Canadian antibiotic rates per tonne of fish are lower than in Chile, but higher, on average, than in Norway and Scotland. Florfenicol (FLO) and oxytetracycline (OTC) are the prevalent antibiotics used in most salmon-producing countries, including Canada. We also note that <30% of sites used two drugs per year and <18% of sites used three drugs, with most of these sites using one antibiotic and one antiparasitic. There is an increase in FLO and a decrease use in OTC use in Canada, which could be positive environmentally considering FLO's lower dose and environmental persistence. The east and west coasts show comparable antibiotic rates, with an average rate of 78 mg/kg in BC and 76 mg/kg in the Atlantic provinces; however, they have differences in the type of antibiotic (average use of OTC: BC 38 mg/kg vs. Atlantic 214 mg/kg; average use of FLO: BC 40 mg/kg vs. Atlantic 10 mg/kg). Other distinctions between coasts include variation in the timing of treatments, with seasonal use in the Atlantic provinces (May–November) and year-round use in BC. This pattern is likely influenced by differences in water temperature and, subsequently, potential susceptibility to aquatic diseases. Disease prevalence and veterinarian choice/preferred treatments are factors that, we hypothesize, may impact treatment choice; however, additional information is required to adequately comment on this point. This data compilation includes spatial descriptions that could be used for area prioritization in future studies.
Recursive construction for expansions of tree Yang–Mills amplitudes from soft theorem
Authors: Hu Chang , Zhou Kang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we introduce a fundamentally different approach, based on a bottom-up methodology, for expanding tree-level Yang–Mills (YM) amplitudes into Yang–Mills-scalar (YMS) amplitudes and bi-adjoint-scalar (BAS) amplitudes. Our method relies solely on the intrinsic soft behavior of external gluons, eliminating the need for external aids such as Feynman rules or CHY rules. The recursive procedure consistently preserves explicit gauge invariance at every step, ultimately resulting in a manifest gauge-invariant outcome when the initial expression is already framed in a gauge-invariant manner. The resulting expansion can be directly analogized to the expansions of gravitational (GR) amplitudes using the double copy structure. When combined with the expansions of Einstein–Yang–Mills amplitudes obtained using the covariant color-kinematic duality method from existing literature, the expansions presented in this note yield gauge-invariant Bern–Carrasco–Johansson (BCJ) numerators.
Invariant mass reconstruction of heavy gauge bosons decaying to $$\tau $$ leptons using machine learning techniques
Authors: Krishnan M. B. Vinaya , Nayak Aruna Kumar , Radhakrishnan Asrith Krishna 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMany analyses are performed by the LHC experiments to search for heavy gauge bosons, which appear in several new physics models. The invariant mass reconstruction of heavy gauge bosons is difficult when they decay to $$\tau $$
τ
leptons due to missing neutrinos in the final state. Machine learning techniques are widely utilized in experimental high-energy physics, in particular in analyzing the large amount of data produced at the LHC. In this paper, we study various machine learning techniques to reconstruct the invariant mass of $$Z^{\prime }~\rightarrow ~\tau \tau $$

Z
′

→

τ
τ

and $$W^{\prime }~\rightarrow ~\tau \nu $$

W
′

→

τ
ν

decays, which can improve the sensitivity of these searches.
Quasinormal modes of Einstein–scalar–Gauss–Bonnet black holes
Authors: Paul Prosenjit 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate quasinormal modes of scalar and electromagnetic fields in the background of Einstein–scalar–Gauss–Bonnet (EsGB) black holes. Using the scalar and electromagnetic field equations in the vicinity of the EsGB black hole, we study nature of the effective potentials. The dependence of real and imaginary parts of the fundamental quasinormal modes on parameter p (which is related to the Gauss–Bonnet coupling parameter $$\alpha $$
α
) for different values of multipole numbers l are studied. We analyzed the effects of massive scalar fields on the EsGB black hole, which tells us the existence of quasi-resonances. In the eikonal regime, we find the analytical expression for the quasinormal frequency and show that the correspondence between the eikonal quasinormal modes and null geodesics is valid in the EsGB theory for the test fields. Finally, we study grey-body factors of the electromagnetic fields for different multipole numbers l, which deviates from Schwarzschild’s black hole.
Power Attack Vulnerability Assessment of Circuit-Level PRESENT Encryption IP Using Artificial Intelligence Mechanisms
Authors: Natarajan Kailash , Sricharan R , Thriambak M , Banu Anjana Jyothi , Prathiba A , Kanchana Bhaaskaran V S 
Published: March 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) schemes eliminate the need for intellectual human knowledge of crypto algorithms to facilitate side-channel attacks on security implementations. Side channel attack analysis for circuit-level hardware (VLSI) implementations of symmetric-key block ciphers through artificial machine models are yet to be addressed. The proposed design of block cipher architecture, which is the implementation under attack features, secure adiabatic logic style the Charge Balancing Symmetric Pre-resolve Adiabatic Logic (CBSPAL). This style exhibits uniform power consumption through its inherent circuit arrangement, which makes it robust toward side-channel power attacks. This paper considers several Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) architectures to mount non-profiled side-channel attacks on round 1- PRESENT circuit-level implementation. Supervised learning of the MLP models through training with power waveforms employs binary LSB labeling. An attack on the custom dataset with 50,000 supply power traces collected from the CBSPAL implementation fails to retrieve secret information in any of the 8 bytes. The traditional Correlation Power Attack (CPA) was also not thriving with the proposed implementation. Comparison is made through a similar attack approach on benchmark AES (ASCAD dataset), which distinguishes the secret information throughout all the parameters of interest: normalized accuracy, normalized NMM accuracy and rank plots on byte 3.
Synthesis, X-ray diffraction and dielectric studies of the ceramic samples (1−x)BaTiO3⋅xPbFe2/3W1/3O3 (0≤x≤1) system
Authors: Fedulov D. Yu. , Kamentsev K. E. , Bush A. A. , Kozlov V. I. 
Published: March 2024

Ceramic samples of the ([Formula: see text])BaTiO3⋅xPbFe[Formula: see text]W[Formula: see text]O3, [Formula: see text] (([Formula: see text])BT⋅xPFW) system were synthesized by solid-state reactions method. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and dielectric studies, as well as by the measurements of the thermally stimulated depolarization currents (TSDC). It was found that the predominant phase in the samples is presented by the (Ba[Formula: see text]Pbx)(Ti[Formula: see text]Fe[Formula: see text]W[Formula: see text])O3 solid solutions with a perovskite structure, herewith the samples with [Formula: see text] are practically single-phase, and with [Formula: see text] contain the impurity phase BaWO4 (up to 15 mass.% at [Formula: see text]–0.90). Information has been obtained about the changes in the structural and dielectric characteristics of the solid solutions with the change of their composition. It is established that the solid solutions crystal lattice symmetry at 296 K changes from tetragonal at [Formula: see text] to cubic at [Formula: see text]. An increase in the PFW content in solid solutions causes a gradual change in their properties from ferroelectric at [Formula: see text] to relaxor ferroelectric at [Formula: see text], and then to properties similar to those of the dipole glass with weak or zero correlation between dipoles at [Formula: see text]. The addition of BT to PFW leads to rather quick degradation of the relaxor ferroelectric properties of PFW in the region [Formula: see text]–1.0.
A composição verbal e visual de publicidades on-line no site da revista todateen
Authors: Santos Morian Policeno dos , Gonzales Lucilene dos Santos 
Published: March 2024

Na era da convergência, as revistas tradicionais migraram para o ambiente digital, em específico para o site de revista. A publicidade precisou se adaptar a essas mudanças, o que culminou na alteração de seus formatos e de sua composição verbal e não-verbal. O objetivo deste artigo é fazer uma contextualização histórica da migração da revista Todateen para o seu site e como esse fenômeno alterou a composição verbal e visual das publicidades on-line veiculadas no suporte on-line. O percurso metodológico compreendeu uma pesquisa teórica e bibliográfica, descritiva e empírica que sistematiza a composição linguística e imagética de banners e pop-pups gráficos veiculados no site desta revista - que desde 2018 não circula mais o seu modelo impresso.
Effect of eight weeks of combined exercise and omega-3 supplementation on the levels of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in elderly women
Authors: Sobhani V. , Shakibaei R. , Gholami M. , Arabzadeh E. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Exercise training and omega-3 supplementation are known to have anti-inflammatory effects; however, the simultaneous effect of exercise training and omega-3 supplementation has received little attention so far. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of combined training (resistance endurance) and omega-3 supplementation on the levels of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in older women. The 40 participating older adults, with an average age of 66.7 ± 4.13 years, were randomly assigned to four groups: placebo, omega-3, training and training + omega-3. Combined exercise training (consisted of 30 mins running with 40-70% of reserve heart rate and resistance training included ten exercises, two sets, and each set consisted of 18-20 repetitions) performed for eight weeks and three sessions per week. Omega-3 supplementation was 2,000 mg daily (two 1000 mg capsules, one in the morning and one at night). Blood sampling was performed in pre and post-test (48 h after the last training session and omega-3 supplementation) stages, and interleukin (IL)-6, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and IL-10 levels were measured by ELISA. The dependent t-test results (pre- and post-test) indicated that there was a statistically significant difference (decrease) in HOMA-IR index, body fat percentage, body mass index, IL-6, and TNF-α in training and training + omega-3 groups, post-exercise (). TNF-α was lower in the omega-3 () training () and training + omega-3 () groups compared to the placebo group, post exercise. Moreover, IL-6 levels in the training () group were lower than in the placebo group, post exercise. Combined training may reduce both TNF-α and IL-6 compared to placebo. In contrast, omega-3 alone or combined with combined training may only reduce TNF-α but not IL-6 concentrations compared to placebo.
Cardiovascular response to body positioning following sub-maximal exercise test among long-COVID individuals
Authors: Sharma A. , Pawaria S. , Reyalch N. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This study aimed to observe the effect of cardiovascular response to body positioning after cardiopulmonary exercise testing in post covid individuals. Ninety post covid participants (age group 18-45) were assigned into four groups: standing, sitting, supine, and prone position. All participants were assessed cardiovascular response, VO2max baseline, post exercise in standing, sitting, supine and prone by using pulse oximeter, digital sphygmomanometer, polar heart rate and Borg scale. In SpO2, rate of perceived exertion (RPE), diastolic blood pressure, and heart rate, there was no significant difference between the groups at pre-exercise. However, a significant difference was observed at 1 min post-exercise and at 3 min post-exercise. As for systolic blood pressure, there was no significant difference between the groups at pre-exercise and at 1 min post-exercise, but a significant difference was noted at 3 min post-exercise. The findings of this study suggest that, when comparing standing, sitting, supine, and prone positions, the prone position exhibited faster recovery in terms of oxygen saturation and rate of perceived exertion, while the supine position showed quicker recovery in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Additionally, individuals with long-COVID symptoms were observed to have a lower VO2max.
The Amateur Astronomer as Image Producer
Authors: Guignard Laurence 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This article approaches the history of amateur astronomers in the late nineteenth century via visual and material sources. It adopts three separate viewpoints: Jules Pierrot Deseilligny’s home-based workshop, two self-portraits of amateurs at work, and a corpus of selenographic images published in the Bulletin de la Société Astronomique de France. These sources throw light on amateur savant practices, which are largely based on producing images, sometimes taking the form of a structured scholarly project, and giving rise to exchanges, debates, and sociabilities. It identifies a proliferation during the years 1880 to 1914, characterised by a particular sensitivity to the extraterrestrial life feeding a powerful desire to observe the surface of the moon.
To Press, Dry, Organise, and Represent
Authors: Esmeral Henriquez Maria Angelica 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This paper examines the epistemological relation between two types of scientific image produced during a botanical expedition to New Granada in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries: herbarium sheets and botanical illustration. Visual analysis of an exceptional collection of these two types of documents brings to light how scientific ideologies were transferred from Europe to New Granada, during the transformation of this latter from a colony to a republic. This study shows how features such as composition, proportion, and pictorial technique derive from both aesthetic choices and epistemological necessities. It reveals the development of a codified visual language resulting from a highly organised and structured outcome, complying with Carl Linnaeus’ principles of classification, and materialising a new way of looking at plants based on Isaac Newton’s universal mathematical principles.
Ammonia emissions related to black soldier fly larvae during growth on different diets
Authors: Coudron C.L. , Berrens S. , Van Peer M. , Deruytter D. , Claeys J. , Van Miert S. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) is considered a farmed animal. The larvae live in a moist substrate, which leads to a complex interaction with the microbial community. As such the combined metabolism of the insects and that of the microbial community can ultimately lead to all sorts of emissions such as ammonia and greenhouse gases. For ammonia emissions and associated depositions, it is known that this can lead to eutrophication of local ecosystems and the formation of particulate matter which can affect human health. This issue is known for intensive livestock farming where in some Western European countries this has led to specific regulations, for example limited number of livestock per farm, to control ammonia emissions. The production of black soldier fly larvae is a novel activity that could similarly lead to ammonia emissions. This study introduces a new method to quantify ammonia emissions in an industrial setting using an accumulation chamber and validates the findings with a nitrogen mass balance. Additionally, different feed substrates (Gainesville diet, chicken feed, artificial supermarket waste and brewers spent grains) were assessed with varying crude protein concentrations, hypothetically one of the driving factors affecting emissions. Results indicate significant ammonia emissions, the total emissions during larval growth ranged from 2.6 up to 83.6 g N/kg larvae (dry matter basis) and depend strongly on the diet. The rates at which these emissions are produced are negligible during the first three days. In the following days all diets emitted ammonia at a varying rate. The highest observed hourly emission rate for test substrates could be as low as 6.8 mg N/kg initial substrate (dry matter basis) and as high as 306 mg/kg. Different properties of the feed, such as the initial crude protein concentration, but also how the pH changes throughout larval growth, will affect emissions.
Unseen: A Video Essay
Authors: Isom Philippa 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This essay and accompanying video explore the concept of the unseen as a posthuman position and its impact on teaching and learning. It theorises how the covid-19 pandemic and virtual learning environments have revealed previously unseen aspects of students’ lives, such as their working spaces and home environments. Drawing on posthuman philosophy and the rhizome metaphor to consider the complex and interconnected nature of the unseen, the essay discusses how awareness of the unseen is crucial for effective teaching. This essay also describes the development of the short film Unseen, which was inspired by my own unseen struggles whist trying to develop a presentation for the Association of Visual Pedagogies twitter conference. The film is an invitation to consider unseen aspects of your own life that may affect your learning and teaching, with an extended invitation to engage in further shared thinking via Padlet.
Low serum carnitine level is associated with increased urinary carnitine excretion in late pregnancy
Authors: Kobori Yutaro , Hirayama Satoshi , Fukushima Yoshifumi , Ueno Tsuyoshi , Sekihara Kazumasa , Hori Atsushi , Horiuchi Yuna , Makino Shintaro , Nishioka Emiko , Miida Takashi 
Published: March 2024

Background Carnitine is essential for fatty acid metabolism. Free carnitine (FCA) is excreted in the urine in the glomerulus, but is partly reabsorbed by a carnitine transporter. The mechanism underlying the decrease in serum carnitine level during pregnancy is unclear. Objective To investigate whether low carnitine level is associated with increased renal excretion in pregnant women. Methods We recruited 43 healthy pregnant and 25 non-pregnant women. Total carnitine (TCA) and FCA levels were measured using the enzymatic cycling method, and the acylcarnitine (ACA) level was calculated. Fractional excretion (FE) was calculated as carnitine clearance divided by creatinine clearance. Results The mean TCA, FCA, and ACA levels were lower at 12 weeks of gestation in pregnant than non-pregnant women ( P < .001); the levels decreased further at 36 weeks, reaching 39%, 36%, and 52% of those in non-pregnant women, respectively ( P < .001). The FEs were 3–4-fold higher in pregnant women than non-pregnant women. Pregnant women had a lower serum FCA/TCA ratio than non-pregnant women (0.788 ± 0.098 vs 0.830 ± 0.074, respectively; P < .05), whereas the urine FCA/TCA ratio was similar between the groups. Conclusion Low carnitine level is associated with increased renal excretion during late pregnancy.