bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Niko Tinbergen's life and work: a new approach to biology
Authors: Mysterud Iver 
Published: August 2007

English The life and work of the eminent ethologist and Nobel laureate Nikolaas Tinbergen (1907—1988) played an essential role in the introduction of a new approach that is transforming the scientific understanding of animal behaviour, human nature and evolution. This article focuses on an extremely well-written biography of him, Niko's Nature, by Hans Kruuk, one of Tinbergen's former students. Niko's Nature is more than a biography: it is a presentation and an evaluation of the main lines of European ethology and behaviour research in the 20th century up to the 1980s. Tinbergen suffered from depression most of his adult life, and if he had been a child today, he probably would have been diagnosed as hyperactive (ADHD). Tinbergen fits into a pattern of lifelong fatty-acid deficiency. I also discuss other possible causes of his problems (like protein intolerance, vitamin deficiency, genetics and novel environmental factors) and speculate how Tinbergen would have approached such issues if he were alive today. French La vie et l’oeuvre de Nikolaas Tinbergen (1907–1988), éthologue éminent et Prix Nobel, ont été essentielles pour l’apparition d’une approche nouvelle dans la compréhension scientifique du comportement animal, de la nature humaine et de l’évolution. Ce texte commente une biographie de Tinbergen écrite par l’un de ses anciens étudiants Hans Kruuk, Niko’s Nature. Niko’s Nature est plus qu’une simple biographie, il s’agit en fait d’une présentation et d’une évaluation des principaux courants de l’éthologie et de la recherche comportementale en Europe au 20ème siècle, jusqu’aux années 1980. Durant toute sa vie d’adulte, Tinbergen a souffert de dépression et s’il avait été enfant de nos jours, il aurait probablement été diagnostiqué comme enfant hyperactif (THADA). Tinbergen semble correspondre à un schéma de déficience durable en acides gras. L’auteur évoque aussi d’autres pistes explicatives (comme l’intolérance aux protéines, la déficience en vitamines, la génétique, l’apparition de nouveaux facteurs environnementaux) et s’interroge sur la façon dont Tinbergen aurait approché l’étude de ces questions s’il était encore vivant.
Gαi2 is required for chemokine-induced neutrophil arrest
Authors: Zarbock Alexander , Deem Tracy L. , Burcin Tracy L. , Ley Klaus 
Published: August 2007

AbstractChemokines, including CXCL1, participate in neutrophil recruitment by triggering the activation of integrins, which leads to arrest from rolling. The downstream signaling pathways which lead to integrin activation and neutophil arrest following G-protein–coupled receptor engagement are incompletely understood. To test whether Gαi2 is involved, mouse neutrophils in their native whole blood were investigated in mouse cremaster postcapillary venules and in flow chambers coated with P-selectin, ICAM-1, and CXCL1. Gnai2−/− neutrophils showed significantly reduced CXCL1-induced arrest in vitro and in vivo. Similar results were obtained with leukotriene B4 (LTB4). Lethally irradiated mice reconstituted with Gnai2−/− bone marrow showed a similar defect in chemoattractant-induced arrest as that of Gnai2−/− mice. In thioglycollate-induced peritonitis and lipopolysaccaride (LPS)–induced lung inflammation, chimeric mice lacking Gαi2 in hematopoietic cells showed about 50% reduced neutrophil recruitment similar to that seen in Gnai2−/− mice. These data show that neutrophil Gαi2 is necessary for chemokine-induced arrest, which is relevant for neutrophil recruitment to sites of acute inflammation.
Genetic variation in Northern Thailand Hill Tribes: origins and relationships with social structure and linguistic differences
Authors: Besaggio Davide , Fuselli Silvia , Srikummool Metawee , Kampuansai Jatupol , Castrì Loredana , Tyler-Smith Chris , Seielstad Mark , Kangwanpong Daoroong , Bertorelle Giorgio 
Published: August 2007

Abstract

Background
Ethnic minorities in Northern Thailand, often referred to as Hill Tribes, are considered an ideal model to study the different genetic impact of sex-specific migration rates expected in matrilocal (women remain in their natal villages after the marriage and men move to their wife's village) and patrilocal societies (the opposite is true). Previous studies identified such differences, but little is known about the possible interaction with another cultural factor that may potentially affect genetic diversity, i.e. linguistic differences. In addition, Hill Tribes started to migrate to Thailand in the last centuries from different Northern areas, but the history of these migrations, the level of genetic legacy with their places of origin, and the possible confounding effects related to this migration history in the patterns of genetic diversity, have not been analysed yet. Using both original and published data on the Hill Tribes and several other Asian populations, we focused on all these aspects.

Results
Genetic variation within population at mtDNA is lower in matrilocal, compared to patrilocal, tribes. The opposite is true for Y-chromosome microsatellites within the Sino-Tibetan linguistic family, but Hmong-Mien speaking patrilocal groups have a genetic diversity very similar to the matrilocal samples. Population divergence ranges between 5% and 14% at mtDNA sequences, and between 5% and 36% at Y- chromosomes STRs, and follows the sex-specific differences expected in patrilocal and matrilocal tribes. On the average, about 2 men and 14 women, and 4 men and 4 women, are exchanged in patrilocal and matrilocal tribes every generation, respectively. Most of the Hill Tribes in Thailand seem to preserve a genetic legacy with their likely geographic origin, with children adoption probably affecting this pattern in one tribe.

Conclusion
Overall, the sex specific genetic signature of different postmarital habits of residence in the Hill Tribes is robust. However, specific perturbations related to linguistic differences, population specific traits, and the complex migratory history of these groups, can be identified. Additional studies in different populations are needed, especially to obtain more precise estimates of the migration parameters.
Identification of novel proteins affected by rotenone in mitochondria of dopaminergic cells
Authors: Jin Jinghua , Davis Jeanne , Zhu David , Kashima Daniel T , Leroueil Marc , Pan Catherine , Montine Kathleen S , Zhang Jing 
Published: August 2007

Abstract

Background
Many studies have shown that mitochondrial dysfunction, complex I inhibition in particular, is involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). Rotenone, a specific inhibitor of mitochondrial complex I, has been shown to produce neurodegeneration in rats as well as in many cellular models that closely resemble PD. However, the mechanisms through which complex I dysfunction might produce neurotoxicity are as yet unknown. A comprehensive analysis of the mitochondrial protein expression profile affected by rotenone can provide important insight into the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in PD.

Results
Here, we present our findings using a recently developed proteomic technology called SILAC (stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture) combined with polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to compare the mitochondrial protein profiles of MES cells (a dopaminergic cell line) exposed to rotenone versus control. We identified 1722 proteins, 950 of which are already designated as mitochondrial proteins based on database search. Among these 950 mitochondrial proteins, 110 displayed significant changes in relative abundance after rotenone treatment. Five of these selected proteins were further validated for their cellular location and/or treatment effect of rotenone. Among them, two were confirmed by confocal microscopy for mitochondrial localization and three were confirmed by Western blotting (WB) for their regulation by rotenone.

Conclusion
Our findings represent the first report of these mitochondrial proteins affected by rotenone; further characterization of these proteins may shed more light on PD pathogenesis.
Computational modeling of protein mutant stability: analysis and optimization of statistical potentials and structural features reveal insights into prediction model development
Authors: Parthiban Vijaya , Gromiha M Michael , Abhinandan Madenhalli , Schomburg Dietmar 
Published: August 2007

Abstract

Background
Understanding and predicting protein stability upon point mutations has wide-spread importance in molecular biology. Several prediction models have been developed in the past with various algorithms. Statistical potentials are one of the widely used algorithms for the prediction of changes in stability upon point mutations. Although the methods provide flexibility and the capability to develop an accurate and reliable prediction model, it can be achieved only by the right selection of the structural factors and optimization of their parameters for the statistical potentials. In this work, we have selected five atom classification systems and compared their efficiency for the development of amino acid atom potentials. Additionally, torsion angle potentials have been optimized to include the orientation of amino acids in such a way that altered backbone conformation in different secondary structural regions can be included for the prediction model. This study also elaborates the importance of classifying the mutations according to their solvent accessibility and secondary structure specificity. The prediction efficiency has been calculated individually for the mutations in different secondary structural regions and compared.

Results
Results show that, in addition to using an advanced atom description, stepwise regression and selection of atoms are necessary to avoid the redundancy in atom distribution and improve the reliability of the prediction model validation. Comparing to other atom classification models, Melo-Feytmans model shows better prediction efficiency by giving a high correlation of 0.85 between experimental and theoretical ΔΔG with 84.06% of the mutations correctly predicted out of 1538 mutations. The theoretical ΔΔG values for the mutations in partially buried β-strands generated by the structural training dataset from PISCES gave a correlation of 0.84 without performing the Gaussian apodization of the torsion angle distribution. After the Gaussian apodization, the correlation increased to 0.92 and prediction accuracy increased from 80% to 88.89% respectively.

Conclusion
These findings were useful for the optimization of the Melo-Feytmans atom classification system and implementing them to develop the statistical potentials. It was also significant that the prediction efficiency of mutations in the partially buried β-strands improves with the help of Gaussian apodization of the torsion angle distribution. All these comparisons and optimization techniques demonstrate their advantages as well as the restrictions for the development of the prediction model. These findings will be quite helpful not only for the protein stability prediction, but also for various structure solutions in future.
Genomic mapping of Suppressor of Hairy-wing binding sites in Drosophila
Authors: Adryan Boris , Woerfel Gertrud , Birch-Machin Ian , Gao Shan , Quick Marie , Meadows Lisa , Russell Steven , White Robert 
Published: August 2007

Abstract
Background
Insulator elements are proposed to play a key role in the organization of the regulatory architecture of the genome. In Drosophila, one of the best studied is the gypsy retrotransposon insulator, which is bound by the Suppressor of Hairy-wing (Su [Hw]) transcriptional regulator. Immunolocalization studies suggest that there are several hundred Su(Hw) sites in the genome, but few of these endogenous Su(Hw) binding sites have been identified.

Results
We used chromatin immunopurification with genomic microarray analysis to identify in vivo Su(Hw) binding sites across the 3 megabase Adh region. We find 60 sites, and these enabled the construction of a robust new Su(Hw) binding site consensus. In contrast to the gypsy insulator, which contains tightly clustered Su(Hw) binding sites, endogenous sites generally occur as isolated sites. These endogenous sites have three key features. In contrast to most analyses of DNA-binding protein specificity, we find that strong matches to the binding consensus are good predictors of binding site occupancy. Examination of occupancy in different tissues and developmental stages reveals that most Su(Hw) sites, if not all, are constitutively occupied, and these isolated Su(Hw) sites are generally highly conserved. Analysis of transcript levels in su(Hw) mutants indicate widespread and general changes in gene expression. Importantly, the vast majority of genes with altered expression are not associated with clustering of Su(Hw) binding sites, emphasizing the functional relevance of isolated sites.

Conclusion
Taken together, our in vivo binding and gene expression data support a role for the Su(Hw) protein in maintaining a constant genomic architecture.
Fetuin-A Is an Independent Predictor of Death after ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Lim Pascal , Collet Jean-Phillipe , Moutereau Stéphane , Guigui Nathalie , Mitchell-Heggs Laurens , Loric Sylvain , Bernard Magy , Benhamed Said , Montalescot Gilles , Randé Jean-Luc Dubois , Guéret Pascal 
Published: August 2007

Abstract
Background: Fetuin-A inhibits inflammation and has a protective effect against myocardial ischemia. Its deficiency has been found to be associated with cardiovascular death in patients with end-stage renal failure disease. We investigated the association between plasma fetuin-A and clinical outcome after ST-elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI).
Methods: We measured fetuin-A in 284 consecutive patients with STEMI and correlated these data with the occurrence of death at 6 months (n = 25). We also measured fetuin-A in a control group and chose the 95th percentile as the cutoff to define abnormality.
Results: Patient mean (SD) age was 60 (14) years, and creatinine clearance was 83 (31) mL/min; 82% were men. Mean (SD) plasma fetuin-A concentrations at admission [188 (69) mg/L, P = 0.01] and at day 3 [163 (57) mg/L, P &lt;0.0001] were lower in patients than in controls [219 (39) mg/L; 95th percentile 140 mg/L]. Fetuin-A &lt;140 mg/L was observed in 20% of patients at admission vs 40% at day 3 (P &lt;0.001). Fetuin-A concentrations did not correlate with peak cardiac troponin values but did correlate inversely with C-reactive protein (CRP) and NT-pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP). Fetuin-A &lt;140 mg/L at admission (OR = 3.3, P = 0.03) and at day 3 (OR = 6.3, P = 0.002) was an independent correlate of death at 6 months, irrespective of NT-proBNP, CRP, or Controlled Abciximab and Device Investigation to Lower Late Angioplasty Complications (CADILLAC) risk score. Conversely, fetuin-A ≥140 mg/L was associated with an excellent survival rate [negative predictive value (NPV) = 97% overall], even in high-risk populations with CADILLAC risk score ≥6 (NPV = 90% in patients).
Conclusions: Fetuin-A is an important predictor of death at 6 months in STEMI patients independent of NT-proBNP, CRP, and CADILLAC risk score.
Quantification of ZAP70 mRNA in B Cells by Real-Time PCR Is a Powerful Prognostic Factor in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Authors: Stamatopoulos Basile , Meuleman Nathalie , Haibe-Kains Benjamin , Duvillier Hughes , Massy Martine , Martiat Philippe , Bron Dominique , Lagneaux Laurence 
Published: August 2007

Abstract
Background: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is heterogeneous with respect to prognosis and clinical outcome. The mutational status of the immunoglobulin variable heavy chain region (IGHV) has been used to classify patients into 2 groups in terms of overall survival (OS) and clinical characteristics, but the labor-intensive nature and the cost of this time-consuming analysis has prompted investigations of surrogate markers.
Methods: We developed a standardized quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR (qPCR) method to measure zeta-chain (TCR)-associated protein kinase (ZAP70) mRNA in purified CD19+ cells. We evaluated this and other methods (flow cytometry analyses of ZAP70 and CD38 proteins and qPCR analysis of lipoprotein lipase mRNA) in a cohort of 108 patients (median follow-up, 82 months) to evaluate any associations with IGHV mutational status, OS, and treatment-free survival (TFS).
Results: The association between qPCR-measured ZAP70 and IGHV mutational status was statistically significant [χ2 (1) = 50.95; P &lt;0.0001], and the value of Cramer’s V statistic (0.72) indicated a very strong relation. This method also demonstrated sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of 87.8%, 85.7%, 87.5%, and 86%, respectively. ZAP70 expression was significantly associated with OS (P = 0.0021) and TFS (P &lt;0.0001). ZAP70+ patients had significantly shorter median TFS (24 months) than ZAP70− patients (157 months) (P &lt;0.0001). Moreover, qPCR-measured ZAP70 expression has greater prognostic power than IGHV mutational status and the other prognostic markers tested.
Conclusions: ZAP70 mRNA quantification via qPCR is a strong surrogate marker of IGHV mutational status and a powerful prognostic factor.
Polymorphisms and Haplotypes of the Estrogen Receptor-β Gene (ESR2) and Cardiovascular Disease in Men and Women
Authors: Rexrode Kathryn M , Ridker Paul M , Hegener Hillary H , Buring Julie E , Manson JoAnn E , Zee Robert YL 
Published: August 2007

Abstract
Background: Cohort studies suggest an association between variation in the estrogen receptor-α gene (ESR1) and cardiovascular disease (CVD), but data are lacking for the effect of variation in the estrogen receptor-β gene (ESR2).
Methods: Three polymorphisms of the ESR2 gene, and their associated haplotypes, were evaluated in 296 white women from the Women’s Health Study and 566 white men from the Physicians’ Health Study who developed CVD [myocardial infarction (MI) or ischemic stroke], each matched 1:1 to a member of the cohort study who remained free from CVD. Blood samples and cardiovascular risk information were collected at baseline.
Results: Women, but not men, who developed CVD or MI, but not ischemic stroke, were more likely to have the rs1271572 polymorphism variant T allele (P = 0.05 and 0.02) and less likely to have the rs1256049 polymorphism variant A allele (P = 0.003 and 0.004). No associations were observed for rs4986938. In conditional logistic multivariate regression, the rs1271572 variant was associated with increased odds of CVD [odds ratio (OR) = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.10–2.01] and MI (OR = 1.46, 95% CI: 0.96–2.23), whereas the rs1256049 variant was associated with decreased odds of CVD (OR = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.17–0.79) and MI (OR = 0.25, 95% CI: 0.09–0.73) in women. A common haplotype that included the rs1271572 variant was associated with a 7-fold increased risk of MI in women.
Conclusions: Two tightly linked polymorphisms of ESR2 were associated with risk of CVD, particularly MI, in women but not men. Additional studies of ESR2 genetic variation and risk of CVD are warranted.
Book Reviews
Authors: Dickison Stephanie , Riggins Adina L , Stanek Tom , Vint Sherryl 
Published: August 2007

Into the Vortex: Female Voice and Paradox in Film, Britta H. Sjogren (2006) Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 248 pp., ISBN 0-252-07267-7 (pbk), $20.00; ISBN 0-252-03028-1 (hbk), $40.00
The Image of Librarians in Cinema, 19171999 Ray Tevis and Brenda Tevis (2005)
Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 240 pp., ISBN 0-7864-2150-9 (pbk), $45.00

Theory of the Image: Capitalism, Contemporary Film, and Women Ann Kibbey (2005) Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 254 pp., ISBN 0-253-21746-6 (pbk), $24.95

Cinema 1: L'Image-Mouvement, Gilles
Deleuze, [1983] Hugh Tomlinson and Barbara Habberjam (trans.) (2005) New York: Continuum, 259 pp., ISBN 0-8264-7705-4 (pbk), $23.95
Cinema 2: L'Image-Temps, Gilles Deleuze, [1985], Hugh Tomlinson and Barbara Habberjam (trans.) (2005) New York: Continuum, 334 pp., ISBN 0-8264-7706-2
(pbk), $23.95
Introduction: Lower class language use in the 19th century
Authors: Vandenbussche Wim , Elspaß Stephan 
Published: August 2007

Abstract
‘In looking back upon the history of ordinary people, we are not merely trying to give it a retrospective political significance which it did not always have, we are trying more generally to explore an unknown dimension of the past.’ (Hobsbawm 1998: 270)
The historiography of modern Western languages has traditionally concentrated on unification and standardization processes. This approach was deeply rooted in 19th and early 20th century (language) ideologies and (language) politics. The language discourse in many Western countries displayed a remarkable collaboration of linguists with politicians, historians and writers in constructing a picture of unified nations with autonomous cultural, especially literary and linguistic, traditions that were sometimes projected backwards to the Middle Ages and beyond. Hence, generations of scholars and teachers have presented language history as a long march toward a uniform standard. Variation and other linguistic digressions were usually either ignored or stigmatised as corrupted language and not considered as suitable data for linguistic research. Up to the end of the 20th century, many textbooks on national language histories were dominated by this teleological view, portraying ‘classical’ authors as role models for language norms and style. As such, language history was largely reduced to the study of literary language, often coinciding with the high variety employed and received by only a tiny minority of the population. ‘Non-standard’ variation – let alone language use from the non-elite – was usually regarded as corrupt and vulgar and, in an act of ‘sanitary purism’ (Milroy 2005, 324–326) or ‘verbal hygiene’ (Cameron 1995), simply cleansed from textbooks.
‘Lower class language’ in 19th century Flanders
Authors: Vandenbussche Wim 
Published: August 2007

Abstract
This article discusses the written Dutch of lower class writers in 19th century Bruges (Flanders, Belgium). None of the scribes conformed to any of the prestige norms for Dutch spelling at the time. They all used an idiosyncratic orthography instead, full of variability but not chaotic. On the level of style and syntax, these texts are characterised by ‘stylistic breakdown’. The combination of these orthographical and stylistic features was not typical for lower class writing as such. In Bruges, middle and upper class writers displayed similar writing patterns, but they abandoned this ‘style’ for the standard earlier than the lower class writers did.
Visualisierungs- und Navigationskonzepte zur Darstellung komplexer Informationsräume auf dem PDA (Visualization and Navigation Concepts for Presenting Complex Information on PDAs)
Authors: Konstanzer Robert , Memmel Thomas , Gundelsweiler Fredrik , Reiterer Harald 
Published: August 2007

Abstract
Mobile Geräte mit kleinen Displays finden eine immer größere Verbreitung. Demzufolge wächst auch der Bedarf an Inhalten, die auf diese Display-Größe zugeschnitten sind. Die oft nur für die Desktop-Welt konzipierten Inhalte können nicht ohne weiteres mit mobilen Geräten exploriert werden. In diesem Beitrag werden daher ein Navigations- und Visualisierungskonzepte für kleine Displays vorgestellt, die den speziellen Anforderungen mobiler Endgeräte Rechnung tragen. Am Beispiel des Informationsraums der Webseite von Mercedes-Benz zeigen wir Strategien und ein Softwareframework für den Transfer vom Desktop auf mobile Endgeräte.