bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The use of cultures and immunologic procedures to predict oropharyngeal candidiasis in patients on steroid aerosols
Authors: SPECTOR S. L. , WANGAARD CAROLYN , BARDANA E. J. 
Published: April 2006

SummarySixty‐seven asthmatic individuals treated with either beclomethasone diproprionate or flunisolide were sequentially evaluated for up to 32 months to determine the incidence of oropharyngeal candidiasis as well as laboratory parameters which might be predictive of this complication. Throat cultures and measurements of Candida antibody by immunodiffusion and radioimmunoassay were performed and compared over time and treatment groups. Unlike other studies, pre‐treatment Candida precipitins did not predict increased risk for clinical thrush nor did quantitative determinations of Candida antibody. Those patients with positive cultures pre‐trial, however, had a significantly higher incidence of clinical thrush than those with negative cultures (P < 0.01).No significant changes occurred over time or between drugs for any of the parameters. Symptomatic thrush, however, was slightly more common in those patients treated with beclomethasone.
Elemental diet in the management of severe eczema in childhood
Authors: HILL D. J. , LYNCH BETTY C. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryEight children with severe, generalized, childhood eczema, uncontrolled by standard dermatological treatment, underwent a period of dietary antigen‐avoidance, using an elemental based diet. For the group, there was statistically significant improvement in eczema during treatment with the elemental diet, and relapse of eczema followed within 6 weeks of returning to a normal diet. The results suggest dietary factors are important in childhood eczema.
Suppressor cells in asthmatic children
Authors: HUGHES D. A. , HUTCHINS P. , HINDOCHA P. , WOOD C. B. S. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryPeripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from thirteen asthmatic children, and from normal control subjects, were pre‐incubated with and without concanavalin A (con A), washed, and cultured with fresh allogenic PBMC from healthy donors. The con A pre‐treated cells from fifteen of seventeen normal controls clearly suppressed the blast transformation response to con A by normal allogeneic PBMC. However, con A‐generated suppressor activity was found in only seven of the asthmatic patients studied, most of whom could be classified as ‘short‐term’ asthmatics. It is thus possible that either dysfunction or a reduction of the (con A)‐inducible, T‐suppressor cell subpopulation in peripheral blood is frequent among ‘long‐term’ asthmatic patients. This may suggest that a different pathogenesis may be operating in early‐onset, long‐continued asthma, when compared with those investigated early in the course of asthma which has begun later in childhood.
House dust mites in Bristol
Authors: CARSWELL F. , ROBINSON D. W. , OLIVER J. , CLARK J. , ROBINSON P. , WADSWORTH J. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryA survey of bedding in Bristol revealed reducing mite concentrations on children's toys, mattresses, overblankets and pillows.Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus was the commonest mite found. A vacuuming schedule was devised for removing mites so that a double blind trial could be carried out. Investigation suggests that even with expert utilization of efficient vacuum cleaners the clinical efficacy would be limited as the mites appear to rapidly migrate back into the bedding.
The effect of Iodoxamide tromethamine on the immediate asthmatic response to allergen provocation
Authors: OLLIER S. , GRAHAM V. A. L. , BENTLEY S. , DAVIES R. J. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryThe inhibition of immediate allergen‐induced airflow obstruction by lodoxamide tromethamine (LT), a new drug with properties considered to be similar to those of sodium cromoglycate, was studied in twelve young asthmatic volunteers. Single aerosolized doses of 0.01 mg LT, 0.1 mg LT or placebo were administered by inhalation 15 min prior to allergen provocation at weekly intervals, in a double‐blind random order study. Following inhalation of both doses of LT a significantly greater amount of allergen had to be administered to cause a 20% fall in the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) from control levels than was the case following placebo pre‐treatment (P < 0.001). After single‐dose inhalation of LT only minor unwanted effects were recorded; in particular a transient feeling of heat in the upper respiratory tract after inhalation of the higher dose of drug.
IgD antibodies: in vitro blocking activity of IgE mediated reactions
Authors: BRINGEL H. , VELA C. , URENA V. , GURBINDO D. , GARCIA R. , LAHOZ C. 
Published: April 2006

SummarySera from 177 atopic patients treated by immunotherapy were screened in order to detect IgD antibodies against a purified fraction of Lollium perenne (fractions C). IgD antibodies were found in 23% of the subjects. Eight of these sera were selected and their IgD isolated by means of immunoabsorption. The in vitro biological activity of the IgD antibodies against fraction C was tested by three methods: basophil degranulation, histamine release and RAST inhibition test. In all these assays, the data obtained indicated a possible blocking effect of the IgD antibodies upon the IgE in vitro mediated reactions.
Serum IgA, IgG, IgM and IgD in allergic (type I) and non‐allergic respiratory diseases
Authors: STEVENS W. J. , de BACKER W. , VERMEIRE P. A. 
Published: April 2006

SummarySerum immunoglobulin levels A, G, M, D have been studied in 902 patients suffering from allergic or non‐allergic asthma, rhinitis and cough or various combinations of these disorders. In addition, a control group of asymptomatic persons was included. Serum IgA and IgD levels were significantly lower in both the allergic and non allergic groups of patients as compared to the control group, indicating that this decrease is a common feature for all patient groups studies. Serum IgA was significantly increased in amount in smokers. Serum IgA and IgG levels increased significantly with age. Females showed significantly higher serum IgM levels as compared to males. Atopic eczema did not seem to influence the serum level of immunoglobulin classes A, G, M or D.
Radioallergosorbent testing with p‐tolyl monoisocyanate in toluene diisocyanate workers
Authors: BUTCHER B. T. , O'NEIL C. E. , REED M. A. , SALVAGGIO E. 
Published: April 2006

SummarySera from 149 occupationally exposed toluene diisocyanate (TDI) workers were tested by RAST with p‐tolyl monoisocyanate human serum albumin (TMI‐HSA). Of the seven positives, one had a history suggestive of TDI asthma and one had a rash which may have been TDI related. These results indicate that false positive RAST with TMI‐HSA may occur in asymptomatic workers.
New in vitro method for detecting asthma allergen
Authors: KIMURA I. , TANIZAKI Y. , GODA Y. , SASAKI Y. , AKAGI K. , KOBAYASHI M. , SODA R. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryChanges in the morphology and number of basophils were examined after the addition in vitro of house dust extract in cells from seventy‐seven patients with bronchial asthma. Morphological changes (reactive basophils) showed a close relation to the end‐point titrations of antigen in skin tests, RAST score and bronchial provocation tests, but changes in number of basophils did not. With a RAST score of 2 or greater the change in reactive basophils varied from 40 to 80% (mean 58‐1%), which was much greater than seen in persons with no RAST, score 0. Patients with positive bronchial inhalation tests, showed 40 to 80% (mean 57.8%) reactive basophils, whereas persons with a negative bronchial challenge test showed a range of reactive basophils from 0 to 50% (mean 28.9%). The difference in percentage of reactive basophils between the positive and negative groups of persons tested by bronchial inhalation was statistically significant.
Stabilization of a diluted aqueous mite allergen preparation by addition of human serum albumin
Authors: NAERDAL Å. , VILSVIK J. S. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryStability of diluted Spectralgen Dermatophagoides farinae allergen preparations in phenol‐saline with, and without human serum albumin (HSA) has been studied by intracutaneous tests in mite‐allergic patients. The phenol‐saline reconstituted mite allergen preparation lost activity to less than 1/10 of initial activity within 1 week, while mite allergen preparation reconstituted with solvent containing HSA was stable for at least 8 months after reconstitution. Human serum albumin probably prevents adsorption of allergens to glass surfaces which may be a problem for very diluted allergen preparations.
The late bronchus‐obstructive response to bronchial challenge with pigeon faeces and its correlation with precipitating antibodies (IgG) in the serum of patients having long‐term contact with pigeons
Authors: PELIKAN Z. , SCHOT J. D. L. , KOEDIJK F. H. J. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryFrom a total of 160 patients with allergic bronchial asthma or chronic asthmatic bronchitis, eighteen (11.3%) patients reported being regularly exposed to pigeons. In these eighteen patients, bronchial provocation tests with pigeon faeces were performed and the precipitating antibodies (IgG) in their serum against pigeon faeces and serum were estimated. Of the eighteen patients, seven (39%) demonstrated a ‘late bronchus‐obstructive response’ to pigeon faeces. Three patients developed only an ‘isolated late response’ and in the other four patients the late response occurred as a part of the ‘dual response’. In the seven patients with the positive late bronchial response, the precipitating antibodies in their serum to pigeon faeces were positive in five (71%) and to pigeon serum in two (28%) of them. The late skin responses to pigeon faeces were positive in five (71%) patients, the blood eosinophilia increased in six (86%) of them, a slight pyrexia occurred in two (28%) and general malaise symptoms appeared in six (86%) of them. None of these patients developed changes on the chest X‐ray during the late response. The remaining eleven patients did not develop any bronchial response to pigeon faeces challenge, although in six (55%) of them the late skin responses were positive, and two (18%) had precipitating antibodies in the serum to pigeon faeces and one (9%) to pigeon serum. It is concluded that positive precipitating antibodies in the serum to pigeon faeces and serum are important parameters for detection of pigeon breeder's disease in exposed individuals, however confirmation of this diagnosis should be provided by the bronchial provocation tests.
Site of airflow obstruction in immediate and late reactions to bronchial challenge with Dermatophagoides pteronyssinum
Authors: MACINTYRE D. , BOYD G. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryThe density dependence of maximum flow in ten atopic asthmatics was assessed by response to breathing a helium‐oxygen mixture. They were then subjected to bronchial challenge by Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and density dependence re‐assessed during early and late bronchial reactions. There was considerable individual variation in the density dependence before challenge and in the change in density dependence during induced bronchospasm. However, for any given individual the results were similar during early and late reactions. This suggests that the major site of airflow obstruction may vary from one asthmatic to another but that when antigen challenge is followed by a dual early and late reaction the site of obstruction is similar at each stage.
Venom‐specific IgE and IgG antibodies as a measure of the degree of protection in insect‐sting‐sensitive patients
Authors: URBANEK R. , KRAUSS U. , ZIUPA J. , SMEDEGÅRD G. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryVenom‐specific IgE and IgG antibodies were measured in the sera of bee‐venom‐sensitive patients during a 3‐year hyposensitization period. The level of specific IgG antibodies initially increased, and 2 months after the start of therapy, this increase was on average five‐fold. A concomitant hut non‐significant increase in specific IgE antibodies was also observed initially. Later during the treatment period specific IgE antibodies showed a continuous decline and after 3 years the level was one third of the pre‐treatment level. Venom‐specific IgG antibodies, however, remained above the pre‐treatment level. The disappearance of the severe allergic reactions was related to the level of both IgE and IgG antibodies as demonstrated in seventy‐six bee sting challenges. In patients with specific IgG antibody levels above 400 u/ml, no severe reactions were observed even if the patient had levels of specific IgE‐ antibodies of RAST class 3 or 4. These data suggest that the relationship between venom‐specific IgE and IgG antibodies permits an evaluation of the state of immunity to insect stings.
Mould counts and exacerbations of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
Authors: RADIN R. C. , GREENBERGER P. A. , PATTERSON R. , GHORY ANN 
Published: April 2006

SummaryThe purpose of this study was to determine whether exacerbations of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) were associated with the total outdoor mould counts in the Chicago area. From 1976–1980, forty‐nine flares of ABPA (new pulmonary infiltrate with elevation in total serum IgE) occurred in nineteen patients. Thirty‐eight (77.5%) of flares occurred during months June through November in association with increased outdoor mould counts in Chicago. This association confirms earlier observations from the U.K. where during the peak mould season which occurs in winter months, there was an increased number of pulmonary infiltrates and average prednisone doses required in ABPA.
Human nail dust and precipitating antibodies to Trichophyton rubrum in chiropodists
Authors: DAVIES R. R. , GANDERTON M. A. , SAVAGE M. A. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryThe toe‐nail dust produced in chiropodial practice causes allergic hypersensitivity and Trichophyton rubrum is the most common fungal cause of nail dystrophy. Use of drills and burrs to reduce the thickness of hyperkeratotic nails generates dust and chiropodists develop precipitins to T. rubrum. A survey into the prevalence of these antibodies in 11.2% of state‐registered chiropodists is described and 14% of the profession estimated to have antibodies to T. rubrum. In response to a questionnaire 49% stated that toe‐nail dust troubled them; complaints of nasal and eye symptoms were 72 and 41% respectively. In 384 chiropodists ventilatory function was tested with a vitalograph. Restrictive lung disease appears to be more common in chiropodists than other sedentary workers.
A community survey of IgG4 antibody levels
Authors: MERRETT J. , BURR M. L. , MERRETT T. G. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryPrecise and specific radioimmunoassays have been developed to quantify IgG4 and IgG4 antibodies. A community survey has demonstrated that men have significantly higher total serum lgG4 levels than women: geometric mean values of 0.581 mg/ml versus 0.302 mg/ml. This sex difference was extended to total IgE values. Circulating levels of IgG4 antibodies against foods, especially egg‐and milk, were normally higher than those against the three most common U.K. inhalant allergens–grass pollen, house dust mite and cat epithelium,
Allergy to inhaled egg material
Authors: EDWARDS J. H. , MCCONNOCHIE K. , TROTMAN D. M. , COLLINS G. , SAUNDERS M. J. , LATHAM S. M. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryThe use of a spray system to coat meat rolls with egg solution resulted in the development of asthmatic type symptoms in eight of thirteen workers exposed to the spray. Symptoms were severe in five workers, less severe in two, and one worker experienced vague symptoms. Even though precipitins were present in nine of the workers there were no pyrexial episodes nor influenza‐like symptoms occurring some hours after inhaling the egg material to suggest extrinsic allergic alveolitis.All sera with precipitins reacted against an antigen in egg yolk, two sera only to this antigen but no precipitins to ovalbumin were detected. Lung function, X‐ray and haematology provided no evidence that the inhalation of egg had lasting detrimental effects.There was no correlation between clinical response, skin testing, IgE levels and precipitins, hence, for each individual none of these parameters is predictive. However, collectively the results show sensitization and this has been confirmed by lack of symptoms when a different method of coating the pastry was adopted.
A comparison of the multi‐test with the prick test and multi‐test 2
Authors: HUBER B. , BERDEL D. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryAllergy skin testing of infants and small children continues to be time‐consuming and nerve‐wracking. We hoped to have found the solution to these problems by using the multi‐test (MT). The latter consists of an applicator with 8 heads, each head consisting of nine plastic needles on which the allergen solution rests. Thus eight allergens can be tested simultaneously. During routine control skin testing we compared MT with our usual method, the prick test (PT), amongst twenty patients. Twenty‐seven percent of the skin reactions differed by more than 1 +. When we compared PT results with the previous PT, the correlation of 16% was better despite several years interval between tests, different persons carrying out the tests, and hyposensitization of patients. We adapted the MT system and produced a model, multi‐test 2 (MT‐2), which consists of eight sterile disposable needles on a stainless steel base. When we compared the MT‐2 with PT, only 6% differed by more than 1 +. Thus the MT‐2 proves to be a useful alternative to the PT for those children, in whom the PT is too difficult to carry out.
Predictive value of cord blood IgE levels in ‘at‐risk’ newborn babies and influence of type of feeding
Authors: BUSINCO L. , MARCHETTI F. , PELLEGRINI G. , PERLINI R. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryCord serum IgE levels were examined in 101 newborn infants ofatopic parents, and reviewed at the ages of 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21 and 24 months, in order to determine any relation with signs and symptoms of allergic rhinitis, bronchial asthma, atopic dermatitis, urticaria and food allergy.Cord blood IgE levels were 1.06+ 1.02 U/ml in the group of infants who developed atopic disease, and 0.34 + 0.79 U./ml in the group of infants who did not develop atopy (P < 0.001).In the breast‐fed group 37.5, of the infants with cord blood IgE more than 0.8 U/ml and 11.5% with IgE below 0.8 U/ml had atopic disease. In the soy‐fed group 33.3% of the infants with cord blood IgE more than 0.8 U/m! and 15.8% with cord blood IgE less than 0.8 U/ml developed atopy. Ninety percent of the cow's milk‐fed infants with cord blood IgE above 0.8 U/ml and 16% with cord blood IgE below 0.8 U/ml showed atopy during the follow‐up period.No correlation was found between the IgE levels in maternal and respective cord blood.
Experience with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis: some unusual features
Authors: BRESLIN A. B. X. , JENKINS C. R. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryThe clinical and immunologic features often patients with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA), observed over periods varying from 12 months to 10 years, are reported.Acute attacks of ABPA were characterized by several, or all of: increased cough and sputum, haemoptysis, pleuritic pain, expectoration of sputum plugs, and increasing airways obstruction. Peripheral blood eosinophilia and acutely elevated serum IgE levels were seen in all patients during acute attacks, sputum eosinophilia and recovery of Aspergillus in sputum was less common. However, blood eosinophilia was not present in all attacks of ABPA and sputum eosinophilia varied similarly from one attack to another.Six patients with previously documented multiple precipitin lines have had no demonstrable precipitins to Aspergillus on several occasions between attacks, three of these patients have also been negative during attacks. Five of the six patients have again developed positive precipitin lines.The total number of episodes in these ten patients was fifty two, three patients have had more than nine acute attacks of ABPA. There is no seasonal variation in this group of patients. Since diagnosis, only three patients have had an attack‐free interval longer than 12 months. Two patients are steroid‐dependent because of severe asthma, and nine have symptoms of bronchiectasis.
Modulation by S‐adenosyl‐methionine and S‐adenosyl‐homocysteine of the human leucocytes histamine release
Authors: PACHECO Y. , MACOVSCHI O. , BIOT N. , FONLUPT P. , PERRIN‐FAYOLLE M. , PACHECO H. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryMethylation of membrane phospholipids is an important stage in the process of histamine release. This methylation reaction can be modulated by S‐adenosyl‐methionine (SAM) as well as by S‐adenosyl‐homocysteine (SAH). The influence of SAM and of SAH upon the histamine release of leucocytes from asthmatic and normal subjects were compared. In concentration of 10‐4M, SAM enhanced spontaneous and the specifically induced histamine release. In concentration of 10‐5 M SAM enhanced the histamine release only in normals. This phenomenon could indicate a deficit in methyl‐transferase activity in the asthamatics.In concentration of 10‐4 M, SAH reduced spontaneous and specifically induced histamine release, having an effect comparable to that of 10‐4 M Theophylline.
Gastrointestinal permeability in food‐allergic eczematous children
Authors: DU MONT G. C. L. , BEACH R. C. , MENZIES I. S. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryGastrointestinal permeability has been studied in a group of clinically proven food‐allergic eczematous children and compared with a control group using lactulose and L‐rhamnose as probe markers. No significant difference was demonstrated in baseline permeability measurements between eczematous and control children using isotonic or hypertonic oral loading. Similarly after antigen‐challenge permeability results showed no significant difference from the controls although two of the ten eczematous children challenged showed increased permeability to lactulose. These findings support the hypothesis that once sensitized the physiological absorption of dietary antigen may be sufficient to maintain an allergic response in the skin.
Theophylline compounds in patients with reversible airways obstruction
Authors: VERNON D. R. H. , HOLE D. J. , STACK B. H. R. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryIn a double blind cross‐over comparison of a single dose 450‐mg slow‐release aminophylline (SRA) with placebo in eleven patients with stable, reversible airways obstruction SRA produced significantly greater increase in FEV1 and vital capacity from 2 to 9 hr after administration. A second double‐blind cross‐over comparison of 450‐mg SRA with 400 mg of choline theophyllinate (CT) in eleven similar patients showed that SRA produced a slower rise in FEV1 and VC than CT. However, the increase in spirometric readings following SRA was sustained at 9 hr after administration where the spirometric recordings after CT were falling. Whereas CT produced a peak value in plasma theophylline at 1 hr, the highest values after SRA occurred at 4 or 8 hr after administration. The plasma theophylline level at 8 hr after SRA was significantly higher than that following CT. In this single‐dose study, plasma theophylline levels obtained were within the normal therapeutic range and this was not exceeded and no side effects were recorded.
Workshop on allergic responses and hypersensitivities induced by chemicals; Frankfurt, 12‐15 October 1982
Authors: Pepys J. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryThere is a significant health problem associated with allergy and intolerance to man‐made chemicals, both in terms of the severity of the clinical condition and the seriousness of interference with life quality and in terms of the number of exposed people.Recognizing the growing importance of the problem, the World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe and the Commission of European Communities (Health and Safety Directorate) jointly organized a Workshop on Allergic Responses and Hypersensitivities Induced by Chemicals, which was held in Frankfurt/on Main, Federal Republic of Germany, from 12 to 15 October 1982.