bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A multivariate probabilistic framework for tracking the regional tropical edges: analysis of inter-annual variations and long-term trends
Authors: Feng Xinxian , Tao Weichen , Huang Gang , Hu Yongyun , Lau William K M , Qu Xia , Hu Kaiming , Wang Ya 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In the present study, a multivariate probabilistic framework is used to identify the meridional positions of regional tropical edges (RTEs), which are based on two variables: sea level pressure and precipitation minus evaporation. This new defined metric effectively captures inter-annual variability and long-term trend of the commonly adopted zonal mean tropical edge based on meridional mass stream function and near-surface winds. Besides, pronounced RTE trends are primarily located over the oceanic regions, and the terrestrial areas exhibit substantial inter-annual variability. These results are consistent among three modern reanalysis datasets. Moreover, the impacts of climate modes on RTE are investigated. The El Niño-Southern Oscillation, the Atlantic multi-decadal oscillation, and the Southern Annular Mode are important both on the inter-annual variations and long-term trends of RTE. The Pacific Decadal Oscillation is more inclined to affect long-term contribution rather than inter-annual relationship, and the Pacific–North American teleconnection, the North Atlantic Oscillation, and the Arctic oscillation highlight the inter-annual relationship with RTE in the specific regions, such as North Pacific, North Atlantic, and North Africa, respectively.
Daylight Diagram – A Method to Map and Analyse the Temporal Conditions of Daylight Intensity
Authors: Foged I W 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This study proposes and examines a new method and diagram for revealing and analysing temporal and transitional daylight conditions based on computational modelling and simulations. For a human to experience and decipher the world, daylight is a predominant resource to engage with the surroundings. With humans spending the prevalent time inside buildings, it is important to understand and design the daylight environments in the early phases of design processes. The aim is to retain and reveal the information of high-resolution simulations and to explore, test and verify the capacities of the method in comparison to Illuminance, Daylight Factor and Daylight Autonomy values. The research design uses digital modelling and representation techniques combined with computational simulation methods for daylight analysis, evaluation and communication. Eight digital test cases show that the proposed Daylight Diagram enables the observation of temporal daylight dynamics. The proposed method and diagram employ existing simulation systems, allowing a fast integration and use in early-phase design processes as a key instrument to design advanced daylight phenomena and conditions focusing on transitional and temporal daylight intensities.
Urban Illuminations – Light Art Activating The Public Realm
Authors: Erel Yael , Kyriakidou Foteini , Avendano Rodrigo Eduardo Muro 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
How can contemporary light art installations impact the sensorial perception of the urban context to modify and reinterpret urban space? In Robert Irwin’s words, how can they provide “…an extended way of looking at the world”? In this paper, we examine how temporary light installations may impact the public realm by modifying citizens’ perceptions of moments in the city: a habitual urban passage is interrupted with a temporal experience, changing the way the urban space is experienced. We explore how site-specific light installations create unique intersections of audience and spatial perception through the artists’ intent of creating new urban atmospheres through an experiential layer added onto the urban fabric during light festivals. To do so we analyze and discuss two light installations that we designed and executed, which were shortlisted for the 2022 [d]arc awards. Both projects took part in larger urban light festivals and were located within urban passages. “Reflecting on Troy” [Author 1 - Troy Glow Light Festival] created a temporal light graffiti in an urban alley, while “Riddle 102” [Authors 2,3 - Nobel Week Lights], a dynamic lighting installation in a 231m pedestrian tunnel, created an immersive environment that alters the perception of the tunnel’s physical dimensions. Through reflections, as well as visitor and curator reviews, we unpack the intent and impact of the works on the perception of the urban context. We discuss and analyze the similarities and differences between the two urban settings, identify the design processes and principles pertinent to site-specific light installations [materials, lighting fixtures, testing] and address the impact darkness and over-lit spaces have over spatial perception. Lastly we discuss the impact a temporary light installation may have on the collective memory of the city, perceived in person or online.
How to illuminate indoor plants sustainably? Tips and tricks to bridge the gap between research and design.
Authors: Hartmann J , Feltrin F 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The increasing popularity of biophilic design in architecture and interior design has led to a widespread integration of indoor ornamental plants and green walls. While numerous studies have demonstrated the benefits of such integration for people, only a few have focused on the well-being of the plants themselves. Our latest research project aims to address this gap by exploring suitable lighting conditions for indoor plants, seeking an optimal spectral composition that ensures their well-being, robust growth, and visual appeal, while also optimizing maintenance. Building upon previous applied research, we conducted experiments to analyze the lighting requirements of four species of ornamental plants commonly used indoors. Seven identical room boxes were employed, each illuminated with different light spectra falling within the CCT range of 2800K-5000K. The specific light spectra were meticulously tuned with a focus on the red/blue and red/green ratios, while keeping the photosynthetic photon flux (PPFD) and average illuminance consistent. As a result of this research project, practical guidelines were developed to help lighting designers navigating the intricate world of indoor ornamental plants effectively. By carefully considering the lighting spectrum in the suggested ranges, architects and interior designers can create spaces that not only benefit human occupants but also provide an optimal environment for the well-being and flourishing of indoor plants.
Role of lighting and color in microeconomics: preference and purchase intent
Authors: Durmus D , Wang T , Gonzalez C , Kore R 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Lighting and color are key factors under the control of lighting designers that can significantly impact shoppers’ perceptions and actions in the context of culinary and retail environments. Previous studies have examined the effects of color and lighting on preference and purchase intent, but results are often conflicting due to confounding variables, and a strong connection between these phenomena remains unexplored. To bridge this gap, two visual experiments were conducted, revealing that lighting can indeed influence consumers’ perception of products. Participants perceived the changes in objects under different color gamut and illuminance levels. Further research is needed to better understand the mechanisms of purchase intent, particularly across different price and product types.
Light across Disciplines and Times: A Walking Seminar at the Stockholm Public Library
Authors: Alenius Malin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Lighting in buildings today is a multi-disciplinary task. Increased complexity and specialization have led to a split process where coordination between disciplines is lacking. Despite extensive technical development, daylight and electric light are still planned in separate processes, often resulting in over-lit environments where energy savings, health and spatial potentials of daylight are not fully utilized. To address these problems, this paper introduces the walking seminar as a method to bridge and increase knowledge across disciplines in the field of lighting. The seminar was held at the Stockholm Public Library, and included invited participants with different professions and expertise: an architect, an electrical consultant, a lighting designer, a librarian, a caretaker, and an architectural historian who shared their perspectives on light. Based on the seminar, findings relevant for today’s practice are presented, both for the specific case in itself, a listed building and an active library, and at a more general level concerning lighting standards and the interaction of daylight and electric light. The main future task for the building sector is to preserve and develop our existing building stock, which includes lighting. Sustainable and long-term solutions require that daylight, electric light and spatial lighting design are planned as an integrated whole, based on the characteristics of the specific building. Findings from the walking seminar presented in this paper point at the importance and potential in transdisciplinary dialogue to enable the development of long-term lighting solutions in our existing and future buildings.
Different aspects regarding slope stability improvement using piles
Authors: Praporgescu A , Popa A 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The problem of slope stability is a common one in the field of geotechnical engineering. There is more than one method that can be adopted in order to improve the stability of a slope. During the last decade, using piles for improving the mechanical behaviour of slopes has become the main approach of dealing with unstable slopes. In the current paper, the stability of a slope was analysed by using the tridimensional finite elements method using different scenarios of consolidation with timber piles. A parametric analysis was carried out for two different slopes: sand slope and soft soil slope. There were also analysed two different constitutive models: Mohr-Coulomb and Hardening Soil Small with different location of the consolidation system. The stability analyses employed both timber piles and concrete piles which were modelled in Plaxis 3D software by using two different approaches: embedded piles and volume piles. In the end, the most favourable position for the pile consolidation system is highlighted in order to attain the maximum stability of the slope. Also, different aspects of the constitutive models, modelling the piles and pile material are discussed from the point of view of slope stability improvement.
Digital applications for preserving archaeological sites and tourism management
Authors: Andrieş D I , Şeitan T , Grămescu A M , Gemănaru A 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Cultural heritage is an important part of our life, a resource for the identity and the cohesion of communities. The paper aims to identify possible solutions for cultural heritage management of the archaeological sites and monuments from Dobrogea. The authors documented and researched above-ground archaeological structures, analysing their characteristics and suggesting solutions for conservation and promoting of archaeological heritage. The rapid development of digital technologies like augmented reality can help us finding cost-effective solutions for archaeology and cultural heritage tourism.
Computational assessment regarding structural rehabilitation of a reinforced concrete decanter tank
Authors: Covatariu D , Filip A , Covatariu G 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The article describes the analysis of an industrial structure (reinforced concrete decanter tank for the drinking water’s storage in the Iasi – Romania area) in order to justify the proposals for structural rehabilitation to ensure structural stability. In this regard, a computational model was created in Graitec Advanced Design, using the physico-mechanical characteristics of the materials (concrete, reinforcement) from the initial design. Subsequently, using the data obtained from the technical assessment report and the non-destructive tests carried out on the structural elements, it was found a depreciation of the concrete grade (C25/30 → C16/20), at the current stage. At this stage (the structure’s service state) a modelling of the degraded structure was achieved by comparing the results obtained by Graitec Advanced Design and Axis VM, in order to realise an extended structural analysis between initial and current state. A solution for the rehabilitation of degraded elements using polymeric composite materials reinforced with carbon fibers was proposed, which was validated by the Sika CarboDur Composite systems (software program for the design of consolidation solutions).
Topographic Monitoring of the Operational Behaviour of the Longest Cantilever Viaduct in Romania
Authors: Boacă Gh. , Scutaru M.C. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Over time, bridges have been built to fulfil different roles. With the development of industry came the need to build new transit routes linking industrial areas to cities or freight routes. The peak period of industrial development in Romania was in the 1960s, when a large number of bridges were built and put into operation. One of these bridges is the Sidex viaduct, located in Galaţi. The construction has a total length of 1,070 m, with 15 spans of different lengths (47.40 m + 13 * 75.00 m + 47.40 m). The resistance structure is made of 7 prestressed concrete frames linked together by joints located at the level of the cantilevers, the structure being the largest cantilever viaduct in operation in our country. The present article focuses on the presentation of the implementation of a special monitoring program of the viaduct’s in-service performance. For this purpose, special technologies have been used, such as topographic monitoring of the evolution of structural displacements at the most representative points of the structure, an implementation that we develop in detail.
Impact of the infrared properties of the backsheet on the efficiency of an encapsulated photovoltaic silicon cell
Authors: Khouzam A. , Logerais P.O. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The efficiency of an encapsulated photovoltaic (PV) silicon cell is studied by modeling the radiative exchanges between its layers, focusing on the influence of the radiative properties of the backsheet on the cell temperature. The model uses the Monte-Carlo method to solve the radiative transfer equation. Two-dimensional simulations were performed, showing how the radiative properties of the backsheet affected the silicon cell temperature, which was then used to calculate the current-voltage characteristic and the efficiency of two PV modules. The results revealed a significant sensitivity of the model to the emissivity of the top-side backsheet, with a 19.4°C temperature difference for the silicon cell and, a 9.5% and 13.3% increase in the maximum power between a fully reflective and a fully absorptive backsheet for the two PV modules. Overall, the study highlights the importance of considering radiative properties in the design and optimization of PV panels, as they can have a substantial impact on their performances.
Digital solutions in the determination of bearing capacity for straight and stepped mat foundations on sloping ground
Authors: Bejan F , Aniculăesi M , Gafincu C V , Lungu I 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
On sloped sites where a mat foundation is to be used, because of the limited bearing capacity of the ground, it is necessary to cut into the sloped surface to provide a level base for the mat foundation. To reduce the amount of excavation and backfill a stepped mat may be used down the slope. Traditionally, determining the bearing capacity values for spread foundations on sloping ground has been a complex and time-consuming process. Several factors must be considered, including various variables (soil type, soil profile, slope angle and geometrical configuration of the infrastructure). The digital solution used in this study involves the use of advanced software that takes into account various input parameters and performs complex calculations to determine the bearing capacity of the foundation on horizontal and sloped ground. For this research, the analyses were done for three different slope angles (β = 5°, 10°, 15°) and a comparison is made between the bearing capacity of the ground for straight and stepped mat foundations using both analytical methods and finite element method.
Vortex position detection using a scanning triangular aperture in a digital micromirror device
Authors: Banguilan Dina Grace C , Hermosa Nathaniel 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Optical vortices, as solutions to the wave equation, remain stable under ideal theoretical conditions. However, in experiments where beams produced with holograms and spatial light modulators introduce perturbations, their phase structures can be disrupted, leading to instability. Specifically, higher-order optical vortices (with topological charge

|
ℓ

|

>
1

) are inherently unstable in that they tend to separate in a series of optical vortices with unit topological charge

(

|

ℓ

|

=
1
)

even with small perturbations. In this work, we demonstrate a technique to detect the positions of optical vortices using a scanning triangular aperture in a digital micromirror device and a digital pinhole. We observe the diffraction patterns of a vortex through the triangular aperture, and we show that we can determine the center of an optical vortex (OV) by measuring the intensity at the center of a pattern using a digital pinhole. We investigate the changes in the measured signal for different triangular apertures and pinhole sizes. We observe that while smaller pinholes lead to a decrease in light intensity, the detected position of a single OV with unit topological charge is similar for all pinhole sizes. We also find that the triangular aperture size becomes important when locating vortex pairs. Using a triangular aperture with a radius R = 0.52 mm, we can resolve OV pairs at least

86.4

μ

m apart in our experiments. Our methods help pave the way to understanding the fundamental behavior of multiple vortex interactions in optical beams and also can be used when determining the position of an OV in metrology.
A carbon nanotube-based thermoelectric generator integrated into a smart composite for structural health monitoring
Authors: Koutsotolis Lampros , Karalis George , Voudouris Itskaras Angelos , Tsirka Kyriaki , Paipetis Alkiviadis S 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The next generation of advanced composite materials needs to simultaneously address issues such as energy harvesting and structural health monitoring (SHM). The objective of this study is to explore, for the first time, the possibility of utilizing a build-in thermoelectric generator (TEG) to fulfil self-sensing purposes. To this end, carbon nanotube-based (CNT) inks are employed to print TEGs onto a glass fiber substrate, which is then incorporated into a glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) laminate. The output characteristics of the TEG-enabled specimens are measured, displaying an exceptional performance. The specimens are subjected to static, quasi static cyclic and dynamic loading. Adopting a novel idea, the conductive, fully integrated printed path is then exploited to serve as a strain/damage sensor. For this reason, its resistance is monitored online during mechanical loading. To corroborate the findings, acoustic emission (AE) is simultaneously applied. Results reveal that the self-sensing multifunctional composite can successfully monitor its structural integrity. In fact, it demonstrates high sensitivity with a gauge factor approximately equal to 3. Moreover, when the TEG operates as a piezoresistive sensor, it is characterized by reliability. We thus believe that the herein suggested approach unveils new prospects regarding the efficiency and the sustainability of composite structures.
Valleytronics in two-dimensional magnetic materials
Authors: Luo Chaobo , Huang Zongyu , Qiao Hui , Qi Xiang , Peng Xiangyang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Valleytronics uses valleys, a novel quantum degree of freedom, to encode information. It combines other degrees of freedom, such as charge and spin, to produce a more comprehensive, stable, and efficient information processing system. Valleytronics has become an intriguing field in condensed matter physics due to the emergence of new two-dimensional materials in recent years. However, in nonmagnetic valleytronic materials, the valley polarization is transient and the depolarization occurs once the external excitation is withdrawn. Introduction of magnetic field is an effective approach to realizing the spontaneous valley polarization by breaking the time-reversal symmetry. In hexagonal magnetic valleytronic materials, the inequivalent valleys at the K and –K(K′) Dirac cones have asymmetric energy gaps and Berry curvatures. The time-reversal symmetry in nonmagnetic materials can be broken by applying an external magnetic field, adding a magnetic substrate or doping magnetic atoms. Recent theoretical studies have demonstrated that valleytronic materials with intrinsic ferromagnetism, now termed as ferrovalley materials, exhibit spontaneous valley polarization without the need for external fields to maintain the polarization. The coupling of the valley and spin degrees of freedom enables stable and unequal distribution of electrons in the two valleys and thus facilitating nonvolatile information storage. Hence, ferrovalley materials are promising materials for valleytronic devices. In this review, we first briefly overview valleytronics and its related properties, the ways to realize valley polarization in nonmagnetic valleytronic materials. Then we focus on the recent developments in two-dimensional ferrovalley materials, which can be classified according to their molecular formula and crystal structure: MX2; M(XY)2, M(XY2) and M(XYZ)2; M2X3, M3X8 and MNX6; MNX2Y2, M2X2Y6 and MNX2Y6; and the Janus structure ferrovalley materials. In the inequivalent valleys, the Berry curvatures have opposite signs with unequal absolute values, leading to anomalous valley Hall effect. When the valley polarization is large, the ferrovalleys can be selectively excited even with unpolarized light. Intrinsic valley polarization in two-dimensional ferrovalley materials is of great importance. It opens a new avenue for information-related applications and hence is under rapid development.