bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human Multipotent Stromal Cells Undergo Sharp Transition from Division to Development in Culture
Authors: Larson Benjamin L. , Ylöstalo Joni , Prockop Darwin J. 
Published: October 2007

Abstract
Human mesenchymal stem cells, or multipotent stromal cells (MSCs), are of interest for clinical therapy, in part because of their capacity for proliferation and differentiation. However, results from clinical trials and in vitro models have been variable, possibly because of MSC heterogeneity and a lack of standardization between MSC in vitro expansion protocols. Here we defined changes in MSCs during expansion in vitro. In low-density cultures, MSCs expand through distinct lag, exponential growth, and stationary phases. We assayed cultures of passage 2 human MSCs from three donors at low density (50 cells per cm2) at approximately 5% confluence on day 2 and after the cultures had expanded to approximately 70% confluence on day 7. On day 2, genes involved in cell division were upregulated. On day 7, genes for cell development were upregulated. The variations among three donors were less than the variation within the expansion of MSCs from a single donor. The microarray data for selected genes were confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and FACScan analysis. Approximately 50% of cells at day 2 were in S-phase compared with 10% at day 7. The results demonstrated major differences in early and late stage cultures of MSCs that should be considered in using the cells in experiments and clinical applications.
Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.
Predictors of injurious assault committed during or after drinking alcohol: a case–control study of young offenders
Authors: Navis Charlene , Brown Stephen L. , Heim Derek 
Published: October 2007

AbstractStudies of causal links between alcohol and aggression are often handicapped by threats to internal and external validity. Case–control methods employ an event‐level analysis that can reduce some of these validity threats by the use of within‐subject controls. This study used a case–control approach, asking 39 male inmates in a Young Offenders' Institution to compare drinking behaviour before incidents where they reported commission of an injurious assault and a matched incident where they did not. After controlling contextual differences, participants reported personally drinking more heavily and heavier drinking within their group, but not being more impaired when an assault was committed. The assault incidents were more likely to involve spontaneous, rather than planned, drinking and a higher proportion of males in the group. They were less likely to involve drinking in a pub. Our confirmation of previous findings using a case–control methodology strengthens those findings. Limitations of this methodology are also discussed. Aggr. Behav. 34:167–174, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Analysis of the demand for imported meat in Switzerland using a dynamic specification: Implications for the European Union
Authors: Feleke Shiferaw T. , Kilmer Richard L. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe study identifies the long‐run equilibrium (steady‐state) relationship of the demand for imported meat in Switzerland and the speed of adjustment of the short‐run demand using the Error Correction Linear Approximate Almost Ideal Demand System (EC‐LA/AIDS). Results indicate that imports of meat into Switzerland have a long‐run equilibrium relationship with price and real expenditure. The study also finds that the demand for pork is price elastic, while the demand for beef, chicken, and mutton is price inelastic. Results will have important implications for the EU meat industry to adjust its export supply in response to changes in prices resulting from the bilateral trade agreements in which Switzerland is expected to reduce or abolish nontariff barriers, further open its market, and reduce or abolish all duties and export subsidies. [EconLit citations: Q110, Q130, Q170 © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Agribusiness 23: 497–510, 2007.
Monosomy 1p36 deletion syndrome
Authors: Gajecka Marzena , Mackay Katherine L. , Shaffer Lisa G. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractMonosomy 1p36 results from a heterozygous deletion of the most distal chromosomal band on the short arm of chromosome 1. Occurring in ∼1 in 5,000 live births, monosomy 1p36 is the most common terminal deletion observed in humans. Monosomy 1p36 is associated with mental retardation, developmental delay, hearing impairment, seizures, growth impairment, hypotonia, and heart defects. The syndrome is also characterized by several distinct dysmorphic features, including large anterior fontanels, microcephaly, brachycephaly, deep‐set eyes, flat nose and nasal bridge, and pointed chin. Several genes have been proposed as causative for individual features of the phenotype. In addition, based upon molecular characterization of subjects with monosomy 1p36, several mechanisms for the generation and stabilization of terminal deletions have been proposed. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The 6p subtelomere deletion syndrome
Authors: DeScipio Cheryl 
Published: October 2007

AbstractSubmicroscopic deletion of the 6p25 subtelomere has recently been recognized as a clinically identifiable syndrome. To date, more than 30 cases have been described with variable cytogenetically visible 6p deletions. Terminal 6p deletions result in a clinically distinguishable phenotype. The focus of this review is the phenotype associated with isolated terminal deletions of 6p25, and specifically isolated submiscroscopic subtelomere deletions. A distinct phenotype has emerged consisting of developmental delay/mental retardation, language impairment, hearing loss, and ophthalmologic, cardiac, and craniofacial abnormalities. These features demonstrate considerable clinical overlap with the Ritscher‐Schinzel (or cranio‐cerebello‐cardiac (3C)) syndrome (OMIM #220210). Isolated submiscroscopic 6p25 subtelomere terminal deletion has been reported in 11 individuals, two of whom are siblings. Cytogentic and molecular mapping of the 6p25 deletion boundary has been reported in 8 of these 10 unrelated individuals with isolated submiscroscopic subtelomere deletion. This analysis has revealed substantial phenotypic overlap between individuals with submicroscopic terminal 6p deletions and those with large, cytogenetically visible deletions of the region suggesting that the critical genes contributing to the main clinical and developmental features lie in the terminal region of 6p25. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Consumer attitudes toward genetic modification and sustainability: implications for the future of biorenewables
Authors: Verbeke Wim 
Published: October 2007

AbstractConsumers are increasingly interested in sustainability and more sustainable production methods but, especially in Europe, they have been quite critical toward particular applications of genetic modification (GM). While there is little doubt that the sustainability issue entails substantial opportunities for biorenewables, the GM issue –posing either a threat or an opportunity –is less straightforward. Although initial findings suggest that European consumers feel positive about biotechnology applications for biofuel production, consumer attitudes toward and acceptance of GM, specifically in the production of biorenewables, have not been investigated in depth, leaving numerous questions unresolved and calling for further social sciences research in this area. A particularly interesting path to explore is to what extent the consumer's belief that GM is tampering with nature, and therefore is ethically wrong, might be outweighed by the perception that GM in biorenewables production contributes to re‐establishing the balance in nature and therefore is beneficial overall. Further challenges pertain to communication, providing tangible benefits to consumers, and monitoring consumer acceptance and adoption of biorenewables. © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Remembering Bruce: The early years
Authors: Stewart John M. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThis paper summarizes Merrifield‐Stewart interactions during the years 1952–1968. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers (Pept Sci) 90: 185–187, 2008.This article was originally published online as an accepted preprint. The “Published Online” date corresponds to the preprint version. You can request a copy of the preprint by emailing the Biopolymers editorial office at biopolymers@wiley.com
How do stakeholders and legislation influence the allocation of green space on brownfield redevelopment projects? Five case studies from Switzerland, Germany and the UK
Authors: Altherr Wendy , Blumer Daniel , Oldörp Heike , Nagel Peter 
Published: October 2007

AbstractDisused railway sites have become a focus of redevelopment projects in many European cities. As sites that offer economically lucrative opportunities for building projects, as well as important habitats for threatened pioneer species, they are contested ground. We compared the allocation of green space in five urban development projects on disused railway sites from Switzerland, Germany and the United Kingdom. We show that the distance to the city centre, the involvement of the stakeholders and the current legislation are important in explaining the quantity and type of green space allocated. In particular, the farther away from the city centre, the higher the proportion of apartments planned and the higher the allocation of green space within the public space. Our comparison also illustrates that ‘conventional’ green spaces are of major importance for the public acceptance of urban redevelopment projects and are highlighted by developers as an important image factor. We identified three strategies to protect the valuable natural sites in such railway brownfields: protection of the pioneer habitats in situ, reinstallation of similar habitats on roofs (ex situ) and safeguarding of the natural process of succession. For future brownfield redevelopment projects we would encourage guidelines that take into account the special kind of nature on such sites and guarantee planning reliability for investors. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Online reporting for sustainability issues
Authors: Isenmann Ralf , Bey Christoph , Welter Markus 
Published: October 2007

AbstractOnline reporting describes an emerging digital reporting approach based on support through current information and communication technology (ICT), particularly on the internet. Such a computer‐based method provides an array of medium‐specific capabilities and technical benefits to improve sustainability communication, both for companies (reporters) and their various stakeholders (report users). Compared with orthodox methods, online reporting used for sustainability communication overcomes the limitations of paper‐based disclosure, such as ‘one size fits all’ reports, print medium fixation and one‐way communication. The contribution gives an outline on this up‐and‐coming sustainability online reporting approach in four categories. (i) Medium‐specific trends in the field are observed. (ii) New opportunities emerging for corporate sustainability communication are identified. (iii) A framework for sustainability online reporting is presented. (iv) Limitations are discussed that should be considered when moving away from early reporting stages towards the advanced one of sustainability online reporting. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Finding the best location for pumping stations in the Galovica drainage area of Serbia: the AHP approach for sustainable development
Authors: Srdjevic Z. , Kolarov V. , Srdjevic B. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe paper proposes a new approach for sustainability appraisal in development projects in Serbia by using the analytic hierarchy process as a group decision‐making framework. Selection of the most acceptable location for pumping stations in the Galovica drainage area is chosen for the case study. Three experts (an ecologist, a hydro‐engineer and a local authority representative) evaluated three alternative locations regarding technical, economical, environmental and social criteria. Sensitivity analysis shows that the group decision will remain stable unless the importance weight of the hydro‐engineer is set to 0.9 or higher. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
A FAK/Src chimera with gain‐of‐function properties promotes formation of large peripheral adhesions associated with dynamic actin assembly
Authors: Siesser Priscila M. F. , Meenderink Leslie M. , Ryzhova Larisa , Michael Kristin E. , Dumbauld David W. , García Andrés J. , Kaverina Irina , Hanks Steven K. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractFormation of a complex between the tyrosine kinases FAK and Src is a key integrin‐mediated signaling event implicated in cell motility, survival, and proliferation. Past studies indicate that FAK functions in the complex primarily as a “scaffold,” acting to recruit and activate Src within cell/matrix adhesions. To study the cellular impact of FAK‐associated Src signaling we developed a novel gain‐of‐function approach that involves expressing a chimeric protein with the FAK kinase domain replaced by the Src kinase domain. This FAK/Src chimera is subject to adhesion‐dependent activation and promotes tyrosine phosphorylation of p130Cas and paxillin to higher steady‐state levels than is achieved by wild‐type FAK. When expressed in FAK −/− mouse embryo fibroblasts, the FAK/Src chimera resulted in a striking cellular phenotype characterized by unusual large peripheral adhesions, enhanced adhesive strength, and greatly reduced motility. Live cell imaging of the chimera‐expressing FAK −/− cells provided evidence that the large peripheral adhesions are associated with a dynamic actin assembly process that is sensitive to a Src‐selective inhibitor. These findings suggest that FAK‐associated Src kinase activity has the capacity to promote adhesion integrity and actin assembly. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Whole‐brain radiotherapy versus stereotactic radiosurgery for patients in recursive partitioning analysis classes 1 and 2 with 1 to 3 brain metastases
Authors: Rades Dirk , Pluemer Andre , Veninga Theo , Hanssens Patrick , Dunst Juergen , Schild Steven E. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND.The authors investigated whether stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) alone improved outcomes for patients in recursive partitioning analysis (RPA) Classes 1 and 2 who had 1 to 3 brain metastases compared with whole‐brain radiotherapy (WBRT).METHODS.Data regarding 186 patients in RPA Classes 1 and 2 who had 1 to 3 brain metastases and who received either 30 to 40 grays (Gy) of WBRT (n = 91 patients) or 18 to 25 Gy SRS (n = 95 patients) were analyzed retrospectively. Eight other potential prognostic factors were evaluated regarding overall survival (OS), entire brain control (BC), local control (LC) of treated metastases, and brain control distant from treated metastases (distant control [DC]): Those 8 factors were age, sex, performance status, tumor type, number of brain metastases, extracranial metastases, RPA class, and interval from tumor diagnosis to radiotherapy.RESULTS.On multivariate analysis of OS, age ( risk ratio [RR], 1.51; P = .024), Karnofsky performance status (KPS) (RR, 1.98; P = .002), and extracranial metastases (RR, 2.26; P < .001) were significant, whereas the radiation regimen was not significant (P = .89). On multivariate analysis of BC, only the radiation regimen (RR, 1.33; P = .003) was found to be significant. On multivariate analysis of LC, radiation regimen (RR, 1.63; P < .001) and sex (RR, 1.62; P = .022) were significant. On multivariate analysis of DC, KPS (RR, 1.85; P = .049) and extracranial metastases (RR, 1.69; P = .047) were significant. The radiation regimen was not found to be significant even on univariate analysis (P = .80). In RPA class subgroup analyses, BC and LC were better after SRS than WBRT for patients in RPA Classes 1 and 2, whereas OS and DC did not differ significantly.CONCLUSIONS.For patients in RPA Classes 1 and 2 who had 1 to 3 brain metastases, SRS alone was associated with improved BC and LC compared with 30 to 40 Gy WBRT, whereas OS and DC were not significantly different. Similar results were observed in separate subgroup analyses of patients in RPA Class 1 and RPA Class 2. Cancer 2007. © 2007 American Cancer Society.
Performance of wireless multihop communications systems with cooperative diversity over fading channels
Authors: Tsiftsis Theodoros A. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractWe present closed‐form bounds for the performance of wireless multihop communications systems with cooperative diversity over Nakagami‐m fading channels. The end‐to‐end signal‐to‐noise ratio is formulated and upper bounded by using the inequality between harmonic and geometric means of positive random variables. Closed‐form expression is derived for the moment‐generating function and is used to obtain lower bounds for the average error probability. Numerical results are compared with computer simulations showing the tightness of the proposed bounds. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Frequency of Gallstones after Renal Transplantation and Factors that Affect Gallstone Formation: A Comparative Study
Authors: Çelik Aykut Ferhat , Altıparmak Mehmet Riza , Pamuk Gülsüm Emel , Pamuk Ömer Nuri , Apaydin Süheyla 
Published: October 2007

AbstractBACKGROUNDWe investigated the frequency of gallstones (GSs) in our renal transplant recipients and evaluated the effects of various factors on GS formation.METHODSOne hundred and eight‐two patients who had undergone renal transplantation at our center in the last 12 years were included in the study. Of these, 163 patients were followed up regularly, of whom 118 were using cyclosporine A (CsA). Abdominal ultrasonography of all patients was performed, and biochemical parameters were also determined.RESULTSMedian duration of patient follow‐up was 36 months. GSs were diagnosed in 5 patients (3.1%). Mean age and follow‐up duration of the CsA group were lower than those of the non‐CsA group (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001, respectively). The frequency of GSs was 3.4% in the CsA group and 2.2% in the non‐CsA group (p > 0.05). Median time to detect GS formation in the post‐transplantation period was 85 months. The CsA group had a significantly shorter GS‐free follow‐up period than the non‐CsA group (p = 0.008). According to Cox multivariate regression analysis, the only factor that affected GS formation in the post‐transplantation period was the use of CsA.CONCLUSIONThe use of CsA showed a trend toward increasing the risk of developing a GS sooner in the posttransplant period, particularly for young men.
Anemia Management in Adult Chronic Hemodialysis Patients Using Darbepoetin Alfa Protocol
Authors: Nguyen Timothy , Wells Debra 
Published: October 2007

AbstractBACKGROUNDData on darbepoetin alfa for anemia management in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is scarce when compared with epoetin alfa. Clinical experiences of using darbepoetin alfa, dosing guide, and average weekly requirements are discussed in this article.METHODSA retrospective data analysis of 150 adult chronic hemodialysis patients was conducted for the period January 2005–May 2006. Darbepoetin alfa administration used convenient pre‐filled syringes. Dose was titrated up or down in small increments to target hemoglobin (Hgb) levels of at least 11 and less than 13 g/dL. Hgb levels were measured twice monthly with the goal of maintaining 80% of patients at the target of 11 g/dL or greater. Intravenous iron was administered to maintain serum ferritin levels between 100 and 600 ng/mL and transferrin saturation between 20% and 45%. Other parameters monitored included average weekly darbepoetin alfa dose.RESULTSThe average percentage of patients maintained at an Hgb level of 11 g/dL or greater was: January–June 2005, 76.5% (95% CI, ± 2.56); July–December 2005, 82% (95% CI, ± 2.12); and 2006, 78.6% (95% CI, ± 2.96). The percentage of patients with an Hgb > 12 g/dL was 21%–46%. The average weekly darbepoetin alfa doses decreased from 70 ± 3 µg (January–June 2005) to 62 ± 2 µg (June–December 2005) and further decreased to 55 µg (95% CI, mean ± 1.12) in 2006.CONCLUSIONSDarbepoetin alfa is effective for anemia management in CKD patients. The average weekly darbepoetin alfa requirement for anemia management to target an Hgb level of 11 g/dL or greater for most adult chronic hemodialysis patients is 55 µg or less.
Rosiglitazone increases matrix production and quenches inflammation: studies in human cells
Authors: Solini Anna , Santini Eleonora , Madec Stephanie , Nannipieri Monica , Bonotti Alessandra , Cuccato Sabina , Ferrannini Ele 
Published: October 2007

AbstractBackgroundType 2 diabetes (T2D) is characterized by an accelerated atherogenesis, a process to which both proliferative and inflammatory responses contribute. Peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptors‐gamma (PPARγ) agonists have both anti‐proliferative and anti‐inflammatory properties. We tested the effect of therapeutic doses of rosiglitazone on proliferative and inflammatory pathways in fibroblasts (HF) from five controls (C) and five T2D patients, and in aortic smooth muscle cells (hSMC).MethodsTransforming growth factor‐beta (TGFβ) and interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) expression, and IL‐6, laminin and fibronectin release were measured. To identify the involved intracellular signalling, extracellular signal‐regulated kinases (ERK)1/2 phosphorylation and p38 activation were evaluated.ResultsBoth phorbol 12‐myristate 13‐acetate (PMA) [a protein kinase C (PKC) activator] and rosiglitazone increased TGFβ expression and fibronectin and laminin release in C and T2D patients. Rosiglitazone effect was reversed by its specific inhibitor Sr202. The combination PMA + rosiglitazone was additive in C, but not in T2D patients. IL‐6 production was stimulated by PMA in both C and T2D patients; this effect was prevented by rosiglitazone in a Sr202‐inhibitable manner. Experiments performed in hSMC yielded the same results. Rosiglitazone increased p38 activation more in C than in T2D patients; PMA‐induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 was similarly reduced in both cells.ConclusionsIn HF and hSMC, rosiglitazone stimulates the synthesis of matrix components via enhanced TGFβ expression; when combined with PMA, the resulting PKC activation is mediated by enhanced p38 phosphorylation. On the other hand, rosiglitazone quenches inflammation in both cell types, by counteracting PMA‐induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Body composition in girls and young women with anorexia nervosa: Comparison of different equations
Authors: Probst Michel , Goris Marina , Vandereycken Walter , Pieters Guido 
Published: October 2007

AbstractObjective:The weight percentage of body fat in anorexic adolescents on the basis of four distinct formulas (Siri; Lohman; Westrate and Deurenberg; Heyward and Stolarczyk) is compared.Method:The body composition of 238 anorexia nervosa (AN) patients, divided into four age categories (13–15, 15–17, 17–19, and 19–22 years), was measured by means of densitometry (underwater weighing).Results:Depending on the formula, the results calculated by the formulas differ significantly in each age category. The Siri formula generally results in the highest mean fat percentage (12.76%–13.39%) whereas the Heyward and Stolarczyck formula shows the lowest figures (8.77%–9.31%). Applying the Lohman and the Heyward and Stolarczyck formulas to the 19–22 years category, results in negative fat percentages.Conclusion:A clinically useful formula is important for the estimation of body composition in specific age categories. We recommend with some restrictions, to apply the Siri formula in AN patients. © 2007 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2008