bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HLA‐restricted specific tumor cytolysis by autologous T‐lymphocytes infiltrating metastatic bone malignant fibrous histiocytoma of lymph node
Authors: Tsukahara Tomohide , Kawaguchi Satoshi , Ida Kazunori , Kimura Sigeharu , Tamura Yasuaki , Ikeda Tatsuru , Torigoe Toshihiko , Nagoya Satoshi , Wada Takuro , Sato Noriyuki , Yamashita Toshihiko 
Published: October 2005

AbstractMalignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) of the bone is a high‐grade sarcoma characterized histologically by the composition of fibroblasts and pleomorphic cells with a prominent storiform pattern. Despite institution of multi‐modality treatments, the prognosis for patients with this tumor remains unsatisfactory. In the present study, towards the goal of developing active immunotherapy for those affected, we established four cell lines from a 53‐year‐old woman who suffered from MFH of the humerus with lymph node metastases. MFH2003 and MFH2003‐B7.1 were the primary lesion‐derived cell line and its B7.1‐transfectant, respectively. B2003‐EBV and TIL2003 were a B cell line established from peripheral blood lymphocytes and a T cell line established from tumor‐invaded lymph nodes, respectively. MFH2003 cells could be maintained over a period of 1 year in vitro, and could be xenotransplanted into nude mice. The phenotype of cells analyzed by immunostaining was similar to the original tumor. TIL2003 cells were all CD8+ and specifically recognized MFH2003 cells and MFH2003‐B7.1 cells, but not B2003‐EBV cells. An anti‐HLA‐class I monoclonal antibody completely blocked the anti‐MFH2003 response of TILs2003. These findings indicate the existence of an anti‐MFH specific immune response in the microenvironment of metastatic lymph nodes. The present autologous cell lines provide the basis for identification of novel tumor‐associated antigens and may be helpful in the establishment of immunotherapy for patients with MFH of the bone. © 2005 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res
Camptocormia associated with focal myositis in multiple‐system atrophy
Authors: Diederich Nico J. , Goebel Hans H. , Dooms Georges , Bumb Anja , Huber Frank , Kompoliti Katie , Meinck Hans‐Michael M. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractCamptocormia (CC) or pronounced forward flexion of the trunk is a common symptom of Parkinson's disease. We describe 2 patients with probable, respectively possible multiple‐system atrophy and CC. Magnetic resonance imaging of the erector trunci showed focal patchy hyperintensities with gadolinium enhancement and muscle biopsy was indicative of variably pronounced focal myositis. CC was progressive and the major handicap for both patients after 1 and 1.5 years of follow‐up, respectively. The therapeutic response was poor. Similarities with the dropped‐head syndrome suggest that the muscle pathology may be either the primary cause of CC, a focal reaction to the CC posture, or a coincident syndrome of old age. © 2005 Movement Disorder Society
Uniform qualitative electrophysiological changes in postoperative rest tremor
Authors: Kovacs Norbert , Balas Istvan , Illes Zsolt , Kellenyi Lorant , Doczi Tamas P. , Czopf Jozsef , Poto Laszlo , Nagy Ferenc 
Published: October 2005

AbstractAblation and deep brain stimulation (DBS) can treat pharmacologically uncontrollable tremor. Here, we compared the postoperative electrophysiological changes in resting hand tremor after 32 ablations and 12 DBS implantations in patients with severe tremor‐dominant idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) and essential tremor (ET). Short‐ and long‐term accelerometric data were acquired after surgery and were compared to the preoperative tremor. After effective surgical treatments, significant rest tremor reduction and increase in both frequency and approximate entropy (ApEn) were detected in all PD cases, irrespective of the type and target of intervention. However, the long‐term effect of DBS implantation on tremor reduction was significantly better compared to that after ablative treatments. In cases of thalamotomy, the postoperative increase in frequency and ApEn was significantly larger in essential tremor compared to PD, suggesting that the etiology of tremor may influence the size of the similar changes. However, cases where clinical tremor re‐emerged 6 to 12 months after the surgery, no change in frequency and ApEn was detected on the second postoperative day, despite an initial tremor reduction and clinical improvement similar to the effective operations. Our results suggest that uniform postoperative changes in rest tremor and the increase in frequency and ApEn could be due to attenuation of pathological oscillators and might be immediate indicators of the effectiveness of neurosurgical treatments relieving tremor. © 2005 Movement Disorder Society
Placebo‐controlled study of rTMS for the treatment of Parkinson's disease
Authors: Lomarev Mikhail P. , Kanchana Sulada , Bara‐Jimenez William , Iyer Meena , Wassermann Eric M. , Hallett Mark 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThe objective of this study is to assess the safety and efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for gait and bradykinesia in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). In a double‐blind placebo‐controlled study, we evaluated the effects of 25 Hz rTMS in 18 PD patients. Eight rTMS sessions were performed over a 4‐week period. Four cortical targets (left and right motor and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex) were stimulated in each session, with 300 pulses each, 100% of motor threshold intensity. Left motor cortex (MC) excitability was assessed using motor evoked potentials (MEPs) from the abductor pollicis brevis. During the 4 weeks, times for executing walking and complex hand movements tests gradually decreased. The therapeutic rTMS effect lasted for at least 1 month after treatment ended. Right‐hand bradykinesia improvement correlated with increased MEP amplitude evoked by left MC rTMS after individual sessions, but improvement overall did not correlate with MC excitability. rTMS sessions appear to have a cumulative benefit for improving gait, as well as reducing upper limb bradykinesia in PD patients. Although short‐term benefit may be due to MC excitability enhancement, the mechanism of cumulative benefit must have another explanation. © 2005 Movement Disorder Society
A blessing in disguise: Resolution of tardive dyskinesia with development of cervical myelitis
Authors: Lim Erle Chuen‐Hian , Wilder‐Smith Einar P.V. , Seet Raymond Chee‐Seong 
Published: October 2005

AbstractTardive dyskinesia (TD), which is frequently seen in patients treated with dopamine receptor blocking agents, is difficult to manage. We report on a young Chinese man with bipolar disorder who developed TD after haloperidol treatment, involving the trunk, limbs, and orofacial area. TD persisted despite switching to atypical antipsychotic agents and treatment with valproate, benzodiazepines, and tetrabenazine. Resolution only occurred years later when he developed quadriplegia arising from infective myelitis of the cervical cord (C4–5). He had concomitant vertebral osteomyelitis, which was successfully treated with intravenous antibiotics. With intensive rehabilitation, he recovered the use of his limbs, but had no recurrence of TD. We attribute the resolution of orofacial dyskinesias with a cervical lesion to the interconnections between the orofacial area and cervical spine via the trigeminal nucleus (which has fibers descending as far caudally as C6), as well as to resetting of cortical maps. © 2005 Movement Disorder Society
Effect of object transport on grasp coordination in multiple system atrophy
Authors: Muratori Lisa M. , Dapul Geraldine , Bartels Matthew N. , Gordon Andrew M. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractWe examined the effects of the parkinsonian variant of multiple‐system atrophy (MSA‐P) on grasp and forward transport and release of an object. Twelve patients with MSA‐P and 10 age‐matched control subjects performed the task with each of three object weights (200, 400, 800 gm). Subjects moved at a self‐selected pace using a precision grip. The grip (normal) and load (tangential) forces and the object position were recorded. Results indicate subjects with MSA‐P have temporal and force coordination deficits. Temporal delays were seen in all subjects with MSA‐P, leading to prolonged overall movement times compared to control subjects. These delays occurred throughout the task, with significantly longer transport phases and delays releasing the object. Despite demonstrating an appropriate anticipatory scaling of forces, with increasing grip and load forces for heavier weights, force coordination was compromised in subjects with MSA‐P. These subjects generated significant negative load forces prior to transporting the object. In addition, during the transport phase, subjects with MSA‐P generated highly variable grip forces. Overall, the results indicate that subjects with MSA‐P demonstrate bradykinesia and difficulty coordinating components of an object transport task. © 2005 Movement Disorder Society
Psychogenic palatal tremor
Authors: Pirio Richardson Sarah , Mari Zoltan , Matsuhashi Masao , Hallett Mark 
Published: October 2005

AbstractWe describe a case of psychogenic palatal tremor. The diagnosis was supported by clinical criteria and neurophysiological testing, including frequency analysis and jerk‐locked back‐averaging. We discuss the differential diagnosis of palatal tremor as well as the role of neurophysiological testing in the diagnosis of psychogenic movement disorders. © 2005 Movement Disorder Society
Magnetic field shift due to mechanical vibration in functional magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Foerster Bernd U. , Tomasi Dardo , Caparelli Elisabeth C. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractMechanical vibrations of the gradient coil system during readout in echo‐planar imaging (EPI) can increase the temperature of the gradient system and alter the magnetic field distribution during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). This effect is enhanced by resonant modes of vibrations and results in apparent motion along the phase encoding direction in fMRI studies. The magnetic field drift was quantified during EPI by monitoring the resonance frequency interleaved with the EPI acquisition, and a novel method is proposed to correct the apparent motion. The knowledge on the frequency drift over time was used to correct the phase of the k‐space EPI dataset. Since the resonance frequency changes very slowly over time, two measurements of the resonance frequency, immediately before and after the EPI acquisition, are sufficient to remove the field drift effects from fMRI time series. The frequency drift correction method was tested “in vivo” and compared to the standard image realignment method. The proposed method efficiently corrects spurious motion due to magnetic field drifts during fMRI. Magn Reson Med, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Adaptive response of human tendon to paralysis
Authors: Maganaris Constantinos N. , Reeves Neil D. , Rittweger Joern , Sargeant Anthony J. , Jones David A. , Gerrits Karin , De Haan Arnold 
Published: October 2005

AbstractTo gain insight into the adaptive response of human tendon to paralysis, we compared the mechanical properties of the in vivo patellar tendon in six men who were spinal cord–injured (SCI) and eight age‐matched, able‐bodied men. Measurements were taken by combining dynamometry, electrical stimulation, and ultrasonography. Tendon stiffness and Young's modulus, calculated from force–elongation and stress–strain curves, respectively, were lower by 77% (P< 0.01) and 59% (P< 0.05) in the SCI than able‐bodied subjects. The cross‐sectional area (CSA) of the tendon was 17% smaller (P< 0.05) in the SCI subjects, but there was no difference in tendon length between the two groups. Our results indicate that paralysis causes substantial deterioration of the structural and material properties of tendon. This needs to be taken into consideration in the design of electrical stimulation protocols for rehabilitation and experimental purposes, and when interpreting changes in the contractile speed of paralyzed muscle. Muscle Nerve, 2005
Wasp venom injected into the prey's brain modulates thoracic identified monoaminergic neurons
Authors: Rosenberg Lior Ann , Pflüger Hans‐Joachim , Wegener Gerhard , Libersat Frederic 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThe wasp Ampulex compressa injects a cocktail of neurotoxins into the brain of its cockroach prey to induce an enduring change in the execution of locomotory behaviors. Our hypothesis is that the venom injected into the brain indirectly alters the activity of monoaminergic neurons, thus changing the levels of monoamines that tune the central synapses of locomotory circuits. The purpose of the present investigation was to establish whether the venom alters the descending control, from the brain, of octopaminergic neurons in the thorax. This question was approached by recording the activity of specific identified octopaminergic neurons after removing the input from the brain or after a wasp sting into the brain. We show that the activity of these neurons is altered in stung and “brainless” animals. The spontaneous firing rate of these neurons in stung and brainless animals is approximately 20% that in control animals. Furthermore, we show that an identified octopamine neuron responds more weakly both to sensory stimuli and to direct injection of current in all treated groups. The alteration in the activity of octopamine neurons is likely to be part of the mechanism by which the wasp induces a change in the behavioral state of its prey and also affects its metabolism by reducing the potent glycolytic activator fructose 2,6‐bisphosphate in leg muscle. To our knowledge, this is the first direct evidence of a change in electrical activity of specific monoaminergic neurons that can be so closely associated with a venom‐induced change in behavioral state of a prey animal. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Neurobiol, 2005
Cdc42 participates in the regulation of ADF/cofilin and retinal growth cone filopodia by brain derived neurotrophic factor
Authors: Chen Tsan‐Ju , Gehler Scott , Shaw Alisa E. , Bamburg James R. , Letourneau Paul C. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractRho family GTPases have important roles in mediating the effects of guidance cues and growth factors on the motility of neuronal growth cones. We previously showed that the neurotrophin BDNF regulates filopodial dynamics on growth cones of retinal ganglion cell axons through activation of the actin regulatory proteins ADF and cofilin by inhibiting a RhoA‐dependent pathway that phosphorylates (inactivates) ADF/cofilin. The GTPase Cdc42 has also been implicated in mediating the effects of positive guidance cues. In this article we investigated whether Cdc42 is involved in the effects of BDNF on filopodial dynamics. BDNF treatment increases Cdc42 activity in retinal neurons, and neuronal incorporation of constitutively active Cdc42 mimics the increases in filopodial number and length. Furthermore, constitutively active and dominant negative Cdc42 decreased and increased, respectively, the activity of RhoA in retinal growth cones, indicating crosstalk between these GTPases in retinal growth cones. Constitutively active Cdc42 mimicked the activation of ADF/cofilin that resulted from BDNF treatment, while dominant negative Cdc42 blocked the effects of BDNF on filopodia and ADF/cofilin. The inability of dominant negative Cdc42 to block ADF/cofilin activation and stimulation of filopodial dynamics by the ROCK inhibitor Y‐27632 indicate interaction between Cdc42 and RhoA occurs upstream of ROCK. Our results demonstrate crosstalk occurs between GTPases in mediating the effects of BDNF on growth cone motility, and Cdc42 activity can promote actin dynamics via activation of ADF/cofilin. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Neurobiol, 2005
Optical reflectance anisotropy studies of Fe nanostructures grown on vicinal W(110)
Authors: Carroll L. , Pedreschi F. , O'Mahony J. D. , McGilp J. F. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractA vicinal W(110) substrate, offcut by 1.4° in the [1$ \bar 1 $0] direction, has been used as a template to grow Fe nanostructures under UHV conditions. For sub‐monolayer coverages, deposition of Fe on the substrate at room temperature, followed by annealing, forms continuous Fe stripes aligned with the step edges, which run along [001]. In situ reflection anisotropy spectroscopy (RAS) between 1.5 eV and 5.0 eV shows the damping of the W(110) surface state with increased Fe coverage. Broad and featureless step and Fe nanostructure contributions are identified in the 4 eV to 5 eV spectral region, but no strong signature of the aligned nanostructures or steps is found, in contrast to recent RAS studies of vicinal Cu(111). Capping by Ag for ex situ characterization was investigated by using an eclipsing mask to produce a checkerboard pattern of 0 to 3 ML Fe coverage in 0.25 ML steps, followed by deposition of 18 ML of Ag at room temperature. RAS of the capped structure is dominated by the response of the Ag interfaces. The W(110)/Ag interface shows a distinctive feature at 3.4 eV, which diminishes rapidly with increasing Fe coverage and may be related to the sharp peak observed at 3.9 eV on clean Ag(110) surfaces. The absence of other significant RAS features in this spectral region that can be clearly associated with the aligned Fe nanostructures indicates that characterization of capped structures by other epioptic techniques, such as optical second‐harmonic generation, needs to be explored. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Calculation of reflectance anisotropy for semiconductor surface exploration
Authors: Schmidt W. G. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractReflectance anisotropy spectroscopy (RAS) is exquisitely sensitive to probe surfaces, with many potential applications in determining surface geometries or monitoring material growth. Thanks to recent computational and methodological progress it has now become possible to calculate surface optical spectra accurately and with true predictive power. Here I review briefly the simulation of RAS spectra and discuss recent methodological advances, which allow for the modelling of self‐energy, excitonic and local‐field effects in large and complex systems. Numerical results for semiconductor surfaces in comparison to measured data are used to illustrate the potential and limits of the different levels of theory. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Applications of X‐ray powder diffraction in materials chemistry
Authors: Skakle Jan 
Published: October 2005

AbstractX‐ray powder diffraction is a standard technique in materials chemistry, yet it is often still used in the laboratory as a “one‐hit” technique, e.g. for fingerprinting and following the progress of reactions. It is important, however, that the wealth of information available from powder data is not overlooked. While it is only possible here to scratch the surface of possibilities, a range of examples from our research is used to emphasize some of the more accessible techniques and to highlight successes as well as potential problems. The first example is the study of solid solution formation in the oxide systems Ba3−3xLa2xV2O8 and Sr4−xBaxMn3O10 and in the silicate–hydroxyapatite bioceramic, Ca10(PO4)6−x(SiO4)x(OH)2−x. Database mining is also explored, using three phases within the pseudobinary phase diagram Li3SbO4–CuO as examples. All three phases presented different challenges: the structure of Li3SbO4 had been previously reported in higher symmetry than was actually the case, Li3Cu2SbO6 was found to be isostructural with Li2TiO3 but the cation ordering had to be rationalized, and Li3CuSbO5 was believed to be triclinic, presenting challenges in indexing the powder pattern. Quantitative phase analysis is briefly discussed, with the emphasis both on success (determination of amorphous phase content in a novel cadmium arsenate phase) and on possible failure (compositional analysis in bone mineral); the reasons for the problems in the latter are also explored. Finally, the use of an area detector system has been shown to be of value in the study of orientational effects (or lack of them) in non‐ and partially‐ordered biomaterials, including p‐HEMA, annulus fibrosis of lumbar discs, and keratin in the horn of cow's hooves. © 2005 The Japan Chemical Journal Forum and Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Chem Rec 5: 252–262; 2005: Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com) DOI 10.1002/tcr.20050
Development of protein, peptide, and small molecule catalysts using catalysis‐based selection strategies
Authors: Tanaka Fujie 
Published: October 2005

AbstractWe have developed peptide catalysts and antibody catalysts that catalyze aldol, retro‐aldol, and Michael reactions via an enamine mechanism using reaction‐based selections with 1,3‐diketone derivatives. Nucleophilic amino groups of the catalysts were covalently trapped during the selections. We have also developed fluorogenic substrates that are useful for real‐time monitoring of the progress of bond‐forming reactions, such as aldol reactions, by an increase in fluorescence. These fluorogenic substrates have been used to monitor peptide‐catalyzed, antibody‐catalyzed, enzyme‐catalyzed, and small molecule‐catalyzed reactions. Catalysis‐based screening using fluorogenic substrates will accelerate rapid identification of superior catalysts and reaction conditions. © 2005 The Japan Chemical Journal Forum and Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Chem Rec 5: 276–285; 2005: Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com) DOI 10.1002/tcr.20051
power and production: rethinking china’s global economic role
Authors: breslin shaun 
Published: October 2005

when gerry segal asked ‘does china matter?’ in 1999, his answer was an unequivocal ‘no’:the country that is home to a fifth of humankind is overrated as a market, a power, and a source of ideas. at best, china is a second-rank middle power that has mastered the art of diplomatic theater: it has us willingly suspending our disbelief in its strength. in fact, china is better understood as a theoretical power – a country that has promised to deliver for much of the last 150 years but has consistently disappointed. after 50 years of mao’s revolution and 20 years of reform, it is time to leave the theater and see china for what it is. only when we finally understand how little china matters will we be able to craft a sensible policy toward it.
An integrated methodology to select the optimum site of an airport on an island using limited meteorological information
Authors: Kassomenos Pavlos A. , Panagopoulos Ioannis K. , Karagiannis Athanasios 
Published: October 2005

AbstractLimited meteorological monitoring networks provide insufficient information for determining the suitability of a specific location for an airport runway. These data limitations are compounded by the constraints imposed by the terrain itself. Clusters of small islands (archipelagos) generally lack dense meteorological monitoring networks, while the land–water distribution induces different meteorological regimes on neighbouring islands. In this paper we present an integrated methodology to study the meteorological characteristics of potential runway sites on a medium‐size island in the Aegean Sea in Greece. The methodology is based on studying the three scales of motion : (i) the synoptic scale, through a synoptic classification scheme,(ii) the mesoscale circulations with the aid of a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model, and(iii) micro‐scale characteristics of each potential runway site through in‐situ inspections. Copyright © 2005 Royal Meteorological Society