bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parathyroid autotransplantation during thyroid surgery
Authors: Shaha Ashok R. , Burnett Carlos , Jaffe Bernard M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPermanent hypoparathyroidism is one of the most distressing complications of thyroid surgery. The incidence of this iatrogenic complication varies between 3 and 25 percent among patients undergoing total thyroidectomy. Parathyroid injury may be caused by inadvertent removal of the parathyroids, ligation of the blood supply, or destruction secondary to capsular hematoma. Attention to such technical details as identification of the parathyroids, dissection close to the thyroid gland, preservation of the blood supply to the parathyroids, and avoiding manipulation of parathyroids reduces the incidence of temporary and permanent hypoparathyrodism. However, if the parathyroids are injured, the best method of preserving their function is by autotransplantation.Over the past 7 years we have performed 250 thyroidectomies. An attempt was made to identify and preserve parathyroid gland in each case. Even during lobectomy procedures, the ipsilateral parathyroids were identified and preserved. Whenever any of the parathyroids was devascularized or separated from the surrounding structures, it was autotransplanted into the sternomastoid muscle. The sternomastoid was chosen for autotransplantation rather than forearm muscles to avoid an added incision and because selective measurement of parathormone is not essential in this group of patients. Prior to autotransplantation, confirmation of the nature of the tissue was made by frozen section of a small portion of the parathyroid gland. Parathyroid autotransplantation was performed in 15 instances, even when only one parathyroid was injured. Only one member of this group of 15 patients developed temporary hypoparathyroidism, which disappeared after 4 weeks of calcium supplementation. The remaining patients had an uncomplicated recovery.Autotransplantation of the parathyroid glands should be performed whenever the parathyroid is devascularized or damaged by retraction or hematoma. It is essential for every thyroid surgeon to be familiar with the technique of parathyroid autotransplantation.
Modified anterior compartment resection
Authors: Karakousis Constantine P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn the majority of patients with soft tissue sarcomas of the anterior compartment of the thigh, it is possible to preserve a small portion of the quadriceps with intact nerve supply without compromising on the radicality of the procedure or the local control rate. The distal one‐third of the vastus medialis can usually be spared with a long, slender branch providing its innervation.Dissection of the femoral nerve below the inguinal ligament and its branch(es) to an uninvolved area of the quadriceps the farthest from the location of the tumor is essential. This modified anterior compartment resection improves dramatically the function of the extremity.
Two prostate carcinoma cell lines demonstrate abnormalities in tumor suppressor genes
Authors: Rubin Steven J. , Hallahan Dennis E. , Ashman Charles R. , Brachman David G. , Beckett Michael A. , Virudachalam Subbulakshmi , Yandell David W. , Weichselbaum Ralph R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwo prostate carcinoma cell lines, DU‐145 and PC‐3, were examined for abnormalities in the retinoblastoma (Rb) and the p53 putative tumor suppressor genes. We found an abnormal Rb gene product in DU‐145 using Western blot analysis. Polymerase chain reaction amplification followed by direct DNA sequencing demonstrated a base substitution mutation that generates a stop codon in exon 21. On Northern, Southern, and Western blot analysis, the p53 gene and its product appear to be normal in DU‐145. PC‐3, however, failed to demonstrate expression of either the p53 transcript on Northern blot analysis or the p53 protein on Western blot analysis, while the Rb gene products appeared to be normal on both Northern and Western blot analysis. This work extends the correlation between abnormal expression of putative tumor suppressor genes and human malignancies.
Implantation of tumor xenografts in nude mice: An improved methodology
Authors: Hudd CHARLES A. M. , La Regina Marie C. , Tolman Kym C. , Johnson Frank E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractXenografting of neoplasms is a common technique in cancer research. Implantation of non‐uniform tumor tissue fragments often yields tumor nodules of irregular size and shape, which is disadvantageous. We therefore developed a device to standardize size and shape of such implants. This instrument is effective, inexpensive to fabricate, and simple to use.
Dysgerminoma of the ovary: Review of 27 cases
Authors: Susnerwala Shabbir S. , Pande Subodh C. , Shrivastava Shyam K. , Dinshaw Ketayun A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwenty‐seven patients with pure dysgerminoma were seen at the Tata Memorial Hospital, Bombay, between January 1980 and December 1984. Of the 10 patients in stage I, 2 patients underwent a unilateral salpingooophorectomy (USO) and were kept under observation without any adjuvant therapy, while the remaining patients received adjuvant treatment following surgery. All of the 6 patients in stage II and 4 of 7 in stage III had total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo‐oophorectomy (TAHBSO) followed by postoperative radiotherapy. One patient presented in stage IV and 3 patients presented with recurrence after previous definitive treatment undertaken at other institutions. The disease free, as well as the overall survival, at 108 months, for the 24 cases primarily treated at this institution, is 81% and 88% respectively, and, for patients in stages I and II, 100% (Kaplan‐Meier estimation). The need for controlled clinical trials to devise optimal therapy in the early clinical stages and use of chemotherapy for advanced stages of this highly curable entity are stressed.
Characterization of cellular infiltrates in the rat urinary bladder following BCG and thiotepa intravesical therapy
Authors: Shaw Michael , McKiel Charles F. , Ray Vera , Rubenstein Marvin , Guinan Patrick 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe examined rat urinary bladders following intravesical administration of BCG and thiotepa. BCG administration resulted in a relatively greater increase in the mucosal infiltration of mononuclear cells relative to polymorphonuclear cells (P<0.01) compared to the thiotepa treated bladders. This finding suggests that the mode of action of the therapeutic effects of these agents may be different. These results may also suggest that the mechanism of action of BCG might be immunologic in nature.
Histologic and immunohistologic diversity of non‐hodgkin's lymphoma of lymph node origin
Authors: Ohsawa Masahiko , Aozasa Katsuyuki , Horiuchi Keisuke , Ikeda Hiroshi 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTo examine whether nodal non‐Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) share common features in every nodal site, histologic and immunohistologic findings were analysed site by site. Cases selected were nodal NHL of neck (17 cases), submandibular (10 cases), inguinal (9 cases), and abdominal cavity (22 cases). No significant differences in age distribution were found. A slight female preponderance was present in cases with inguinal NHL. Histologic and immunohistologic findings showed that nodal NHL were heterogeneous; (1) T‐cell type was frequent in the neck but exceptional in other sites, (2) frequency of high‐grade tumors was much higher in the intra‐abdominal cavity but low in other sites, and (3) follicular lymphoma was common in the submandibular and inguinal regions. Previous studies indicated that histologic and/or immunologic types of NHL correlated with pathogenesis of lymphoma; EB virus and HTLV‐1 for B and T lymphomagenesis, respectively, and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) for development of high‐grade tumors. The present results may provide an insight to consider as a possible pathogenesis of NHL.
Clinical management of gastric cancer and concomitant esophagogastric varices
Authors: Korenaga Daisuke , Kanematsu Takashi , Watanabe Akihiro , Maehara Yoshihiko , Kitano Seigo , Sugimachi Keizo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe report the late results of treatment of 13 consecutive patients with gastric cancer and concomitant esophagogastric varices. Of seven good‐risk patients classified as Child's class A or B, gastrectomy together with selective shunt operation was performed in two, total gastrectomy with splenectomy in three, and distal partial gastrectomy with paraesophageal devascularization without splenectomy in one. The remaining patient with early gastric cancer underwent distal partial gastrectomy following repeated endoscopic injection sclerotherapy (EIS) for treatment of the esophageal varices. Although the majority of patients who underwent surgical repair of varices (i.e., shunt, splenectomy, or devascularization) died, total gastrectomy with splenectomy was the only procedure that led to control of the esophageal varices. Since partial gastrectomy combined with EIS limits the morbidity and mortality of an extensive resection and at the same time controls esophageal variceal bleeding, it is probably the procedure of choice for patients with a carcinoma in the lower two‐thirds of the stomach. Concerning non‐surgical cases, two patients were effectively treated using laser endoscopy and EIS, without the occurrence of variceal bleeding. The remaining four patients, given chemotherapy or irradiation for treatment of gastric carcinoma, died within 4 months with variceal bleeding or liver failure. For the poor‐risk patients with evidence of severe liver dysfunction, laser treatment and EIS would be the treatment of choice.
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the salivary glands: A reappraisal of the influence of tumor differentiation on prognosis
Authors: Clode Ana Luisa , Fonseca Isabel , Santos J. Rosa , Soares Jorge 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThirty‐nine cases of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the salivary glands were reviewed for a reappraisal of the influence of the grade of differentiation on the outcome of the disease. The age of the patients ranged between 7 and 84 years. Fifteen patients were females and 24 males. The tumors were located at the parotid gland (n=30), the submaxillary gland (n=1), the soft palate (n=5) and the oral mucosa NOS (n=3). At presentation 4 tumors were intraglandular and 35 extraglandular; three patients had lymph node metastases and one patient lung metastases. The grade of differentiation was assessed using the criteria of Healey et al. Twelve tumors were classified as grade I, 17 as grade II, and 10 as grade III. Follow‐up information was obtained with a duration of 5‐144 months (mean 44.7 months). Six cases recurred locally and 5 developed metastases. Five years cumulative survival was 100% for grade I, 70.1% for grade II, and 47.2% for grade III. The results point to the usefulness of the assessment of the grade of differentiation as a guide to anticipate the outcome of the disease.
Activation and in vitro expansion of tumor‐reactive T Lymphocytes from lymph nodes draining human primary breast cancers
Authors: Hoover Shelley K. , Frank James L. , McCrady Carl , McKinnon J. Gregory , Bear Harry D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe feasibility of in vitro activation of lymphocytes from the draining lymph nodes (DLN) of breast cancer patients was examined. Lymphocytes isolated from 48 DLN from 12 patients were examined for their proliferative responses to rIL‐2, autologous tumor cells, or rIL‐2 plus tumor cells. Three general patterns of cellular responses were observed. Cells from some DLN (17%) were unresponsive to any stimuli. Lymphocytes from 52% of the DLN responded moderately to rIL‐2 alone. The combination of rIL‐2 and tumor antigen had a synergistic effect on the proliferation of cells from 31% of the DLN assayed. Phorbol dibutyrate and ionomycin plus rIL‐2 stimulated expansion of DLN lymphocytes by up to 850‐fold after 35 days. These expanded cell populations, as well as those stimulated with antigen plus rIL‐2, were predominantly CD3+ and CD16‐ cells, varying in proportions of CD4+ and CD8+ subsets. Both populations were cytotoxic against autologous tumor, MCF‐7, and K562 target cells.
Neuroendocrine carcinoid tumours of the breast: A variant of carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation
Authors: Van Laarhoven Huub A. J. , Cratama Sibrand , Wereldsma JACK C. J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCarcinoid tumours most frequently develop in the gastrointestinal tract but have been described in many organs of the body. In 1977 the first cases were reported in the mamma, followed by descriptions of argyrophilic carcinoid‐like, neuroendocrine mammary tumours by many investigators who performed immunohistochemical and ultrastructural examinations. The existence of true carcinoids in the mamma is still a controversial issue. Eight mammary neoplasms with monomorphous cytonuclear features, five of the small cell carcinoid‐like variety and three composed of larger cells, were examined by immunohistochemical and ultra structural examination. We believe this kind of tumours are ductal or lobular carcinomas with focal or more extensive neuroendocrine features and are the result of a dual differentiation of neoplastic precursor stem cells along epithelial and endocrine lines. Consequently, we consider that treatment of such cases should not be different from that of the ordinary type of mammary carcinomas.
Carcinoma of the extrahepatic bile ducts
Authors: Chao Tzu‐Chieh , Greager John A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThirty‐seven patients with carcinoma of the extrahepatic bile ducts (EHBD), diagnosed over 14 years from 1974 to 1987, were studied retrospectively. The most common presenting complaint was jaundice, followed by abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, and weight loss. The majority of EHBD carcinomas were located at the middle third of the bile duct (43.2%), followed by upper third bile duct (37.8%), and lower third bile duct (18.9%). The resectability of the surgically managed group was 44.4%. The most common histologic type was adenocarcinoma. The 30‐day postoperative mortality was 30.6%. The mean overall survival of the patients with EHBD carcinoma was 11.2 months. Patients with distal third tumors had the best prognosis with a mean overall survival of 16.0 months. The mean overall survival of patients with upper‐third and middle‐third tumors were 10.9 months and 9.4 months. A high index of suspicion of the disease as well as earlier, aggressive surgery may improve patient survival.
Prognostic value of DNA flow cytometry in paragangliomas of the carotid body
Authors: Sauter Edward R. , Hollier Larry H. , Bolton John S. , Ochsner John L. , Sardi Armando 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA carotid body tumor is a paraganglioma of the carotid bifurcation. Histologic appearance does not correlate with the malignant potential of the lesion, and thus a reliable prognostic marker for these tumors is lacking. To determine whether flow cytometric analysis of paraffin block specimens by DNA index and synthetic phase fraction (SPF) would be of prognostic value, a retrospective chart review of 14 patients with carotid body tumors was performed. Three of 14 tumors were aneuploid and were the only tumors with SPF >15%. One of 3 patients (33%) with an aneuploid tumor (SPF=22%) developed a local recurrence; no patient with a diploid tumor developed a recurrence. Two of 3 (67%) patients with aneuploid tumors (SPF= 18%) but only 1 of 11 (9%) with a diploid tumor were symptomatic preoperatively (P = 0.03). DNA index and SPF may help select a subgroup of patients with more aggressive tumors who are at increased risk for recurrence and therefore require closer follow‐up.
Hormonal receptors in locally advanced breast cancer: Change with response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy?
Authors: Morris Don M. , Edwards Jackie , Gelder Frank 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwenty‐one cancers in 20 patients with locally advanced breast cancer were studied. Incisional biopsy was performed without using electrocautery. Tissue was obtained for histology and estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PR) receptors. Patients received chemotherapy after biopsy. All responded and had radical mastectomy performed. Tissue was removed from the mastectomy specimen to confirm residual tumor and for repeat receptor measurements. Initial receptor levels were negative in 13 cancers. Following chemotherapy, both ER and PR levels were unchanged in 11 cancers. Levels in one cancer changed from ER‐PR‐ to ER+PR‐ and one changed from ER‐PR‐ to ER+PR+. Six cancers were ER+PR+ at initial examination. Repeat receptor levels after chemotherapy were ER+PR+ in three. One ER+PR+ tumor became ER‐PR+, one changed to ER+PR‐, and one to ER‐PR‐ One ER+PR‐ cancer remained ER+PR‐ after treatment and an ER‐PR+ cancer became ER‐PR‐ after treatment. Chemotherapy does not significantly alter hormonal levels in breast cancer tissue.
Benign parotid tumors: A 24‐year experience
Authors: Rodriguez‐Bigas Miguel A. , Sako Kumao , Razack Mohammed S. , Shedd Donald P. , Bakamjian Vahram Y. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe medical records of 125 patients benign parotid neoplasms surgically treated over a 24‐year period were retrospectively reviewed; 128 tumors were excised. These included 90 pleomorphic adenomas, 33 Warthin's tumors, 3 benign lymphoepitheliomas, and 2 oncocytomas. The surgical procedures consisted of 2 local excisions, 6 enucleations, 88 superficial parotidectomies, 13 subtotal parotidectomies, and 3 radical parotidectomies. The morbidity rate was 49%. There was one total permanent facial nerve paralysis (0.7%), four (3%) partial permanent facial nerve paralysis, five (5%) transient total facial nerve paralysis, and 32 (25%) partial transient facial nerve paralysis. After a median follow‐up of 84 months, there was one recurrence (0.7%). A superficial parotidectomy is the minimum procedure that should be performed for the treatment of a benign parotid neoplasm.
Long‐term vascular access via the inferior vena cava
Authors: Williard William , Coit Daniel , Lucas Alice , Groeger Jeffrey S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA prospective evaluation of long‐term venous access catheters placed via the inferior vena cava was performed to determine their efficacy as well as short‐ and long‐term morbidity. From June 1987 to May 1989,31 catheters were placed in 26 patients, for a total of 3,503 catheter use days. All catheters were placed via an infraumbilical approach when the more conventional supraumbilical route was technically difficult, dangerous, or impossible to be used. There were a total of 14 complications in 12 catheters (one in every 254 catheter use days), with five infectious episodes (one in every 901 catheter use days), six episodes of catheter occlusion or vessel thrombosis (one in every 583 catheter use days), one catheter malfunction, one episode of cuff erosion through the skin, and one catheter that migrated through the inferior vena cava into the retroperitoneum. These results compared favorably with our experience with long‐term catheters of a similar type placed via a supraumbilical approach into the superior vena cava. We conclude that the infraumbilical route for long‐term central venous access is safe and technically easy and should be strongly considered in patients in whom venous access via the supraumbilical approach will be technically difficult or have a high likelihood of failure.
Wound healing complications in soft tissue sarcoma management: Comparison of three treatment protocols
Authors: Bell Robert S. , Mahoney James , O'Sullivan Brian , Nguyen Can , Lancer Fred , Cummings Bernard , Catton Charles , Czitrom Andrei , Fornasier Victor L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA prospective, nonrandomized comparison of three treatment protocols was undertaken in 45 patients with soft tissue sarcoma designated preoperatively as being at high risk of wound healing complications. All patients underwent complete resection of the gross tumour mass (5 with positive and 40 with negative microscopic margins). Fourteen patients received postoperative adjuvant irradiation (group I), 16 preoperative irradiation (group II), and 15 preoperative irradiation and vascularized tissue transfer to the surgical bed after resection (group III). Major wound healing complications (defined as complications requiring at least 1 further surgical procedure) were lower in group III patients (chi‐square = 5.57, P <0.03), as was the mean postoperative hospital stay (P < 0.02, analysis of variance), and the mean number of secondary surgical procedures. Multivariate analysis showed that the only variable influencing length of stay was the use of tissue transfer. Careful intraoperative assessment of the adequacy of resection is essential prior to performing vascularized tissue transfer to ensure that tumour contamination of the donor site is avoided. Since this study is a nonrandomized clinical trial using sequential distribution of patients to the treatment groups, the data should be considered as preliminary, rather than definitive, evidence of the efficacy of vascularized tissue transfer.
Chemotherapy with high dose ifosfamide/mesna plus cisplatin for the treatment of ovarian cancer: A study of the Grupo de Estudio y Tratamiento Latino‐Americano del cancer
Authors: Araujo Carlos E. , Cervellino Juan C. , Pirisi Claudia , Pannunzio Osvaldo , Callegari Jorge 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwenty‐one evaluable patients with FIGO stages II–IV epithelial ovarian cancer, median age 57 (range 47–75 years), were treated with ifosfamide (IF), 3 g/m2 diluted in 500 ml saline solution, 8 hour intravenous (i.v.) infusion on days 1–5; mesna 20% of IF dose, i.v. bolus injection, was given at hours 0 and 4; mesna 40% of IF dose by oral route at hours 8 and 12, days 1–5; plus cisplatin 20 mg/m2 diluted in 500 ml saline solution, 2 hour i.v. infusion, days 1‐5. Cycles were repeated every 4 weeks. All patients had metastatic lesions (mesentery, pleura, colon, cervix, abdominal wall, lung, liver, bladder, and nodes). Toxicity ranged from mild to moderate. All patients experienced alopecia, nausea, and vomiting. Neutropenia and anemia ranged from mild to moderate. One patient experienced mild brain confusion and two patients microscopic hematuria. Ten clinically complete responses (47%) and five clinically partial responses (23%) were registered, for an overall 70% objective response. However, after a second look performance in 10 patients with clinically complete response, six of 10 patients showed a pathological complete response and four showed pathological partial response. The median duration of complete response is about 33 months, and median partial response duration is 14 months. Although the numbers are small, these data indicate that combination chemotherapy with high dose ifosfamidei mesna plus cisplatin may be an active treatment for advanced ovarian carcinoma.
Significance of surgical adjuvant chemotherapy for gastric cancer
Authors: Tanigawa Nobuhiko , Morimoto Hideki 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOne hundred and twenty‐four specimens (72 primaries and 52 metastases) in 107 patients with gastric cancer were tested using the human tumor clonogenic assay (HTCA). Assays for 64 specimens (52%, 33 primaries and 31 metastases) were considered evaluable. The clonogenicity of the primaries was less than that of the metastases (P < 0.01). In the primary specimens, well‐differentiated tumors were more highly clonogenic than poorly differentiated or signet ring cell tumors (P < 0.05). Viable malignant cells and clonogenic cells were abundant in the primary tumors with mucosal (m) and submucosal (sm) invasion, i.e., in early gastric cancers by Japanese criteria, and were reduced in numbers as the primary tumors advanced (P0.05). In vitro chemosensitivity corresponded well to the clonogenicity of the primary tumors stratified by the degree of tumor invasion. At the early phase of primary tumor progression and metastasis, clonogenicity and chemosensitivity were high. Aggressive chemotherapy with sensitive drugs after surgery may improve the clinical results for the gastric cancer patients with early phase of metastases.