bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tolerance, optimum ranges, and ecological requirements of freshwater Ostracoda (Crustacea) in Lake Aladağ (Bolu, Turkey)
Authors: Yılmaz Faruk , Külköylüoğlu Okan 
Published: November 2005

AbstractDuring monthly sampling from Lake Aladağ (Bolu, Turkey) between April 2003 and June 2004, nine ostracod taxa (Candona candida, Cypridopsis vidua, Darwinula stevensoni, Eucypris virens, Eucypris sp., Heterocypris sp., Limnocythere inopinata, Physocypria kraepelini, and Tonnacypris lutaria) were recorded from seven stations. Physocypria kraepelini was commonly found in the lake while the others were recorded in particular months. UPGMA analyses clustered three groups based on their occurrence. Accordingly, the occurrence of species (C. candida, E. virens, and T. lutaria) was positive and significantly related to each other. Two species, P. kraepelini and D. stevensoni, showed a significant positive relationship with electrical conductivity. A significant negative correlation was found between the occurrence of P. kraepelini and dissolved oxygen, while there was a significant positive correlation between the occurrence of P. kraepelini and turbidity. About 76% of the relationship between species and environmental factors was explained by the first two axes of canonical correspondence analyses (CCA). Temperature and dissolved oxygen were the two most important influences on the species assemblages. All species showed different but high optima and tolerance ranges, corresponding with their cosmopolitan characteristics. These responses may be related to unstable ecological characteristics of Lake Aladağ, which is often subjected to human activity.
Effects of external beam radiation on the allograft dermal implant
Authors: Ibrahim Hani Z. , Kwiatkowski Terrance J. , Montone Kathleen T. , Evans Sydney M. , Rosenthal David , Chalian Ara A. , Staley Janet , Berlin Jesse , Wolf Patricia F. , Weber Randal S. 
Published: November 2005

OBJECTIVEThe purpose of this study was to define the effects of external beam radiation (EBR) on AlloDerm (LifeCell Corp) through the analysis of graft thickness, fibroblast recellularization, and neo‐vascularization as a function of time.METHODS AND MATERIALThirty‐six male Sprague‐Dawley rats (n = 36) were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 groups (A, B, C, and D). AlloDerm was implanted subcutaneously into the hind legs of each rat, and 20 Gy of EBR was administered to one side. Grafts harvested 1, 2, 4, and 12 weeks after radiation were subjected to blinded histologic analysis.RESULTSIn groups A, B, and C, the irradiated grafts showed a significant decrease in recellularization versus nonirradiated (P < 0.001). At 12 weeks (group D), recellularization equalized, but neovascularization was significantly less (P = 0.048) in the irradiated group. Graft thickness was unaffected.CONCLUSIONSIn the rat model, EBR of the implanted AlloDerm graft hinders recellularization in the early posttreatment period. However, EBR did not adversely affect graft thickness, recellularization or ultimate graft survival.
Bilateral simultaneous orbital decompression for Graves' orbitopathy with a combined endoscopic and Caldwell‐Luc approach
Authors: Rizk Samieh S. , Papageorge Ariadna , Liberatore Lisa A. , Sacks Evan H. 
Published: November 2005

Graves' orbitopathy can lead to cosmetic deformity, orbital pain, and visual impairment. Surgical intervention can improve proptosis, cosmetic appearance of the eyelids, vision, and orbital pain with minimal morbidity. Ten patients with dysthyroid orbito‐pathy underwent concurrent bilateral orbital decompressions. Of these, 9 underwent simultaneous bilateral endoscopic and transantral decompressions, and 1 had only bilateral endoscopic decompressions. Medical management of keratopathy was attempted before surgery. All patients were previously treated with radioiodine and high‐dose corticosteroids, and 2 patients had prior low‐dose orbital irradiation. Preoperative and postoperative visual acuity, color vision testing, and measurement of proptosis were recorded for all patients. In addition, photographs and CT scans of the orbit and sinuses were done. After surgery, visual acuity improved in 8 patients and remained unchanged in 2 patients. Diplopia in the primary and downward gaze improved in 1 patient and remained unchanged in the 3 others who had it before surgery. Color vision deficits in the blue/yellow range were present in 8 patients before surgery and all reversed within 2 weeks after surgery. Proptosis decreased by an average of 4.83 mm (range 4‐7 mm) in patients undergoing the combined decompression and decreased by 4 mm in the 1 patient who had the endoscopic decompression only. Ethmoid sinusitis developed in 1 patient but resolved with oral antibiotics, and another patient had an asymmetric result requiring additional unilateral surgery, which corrected the asymmetry. Overall, this approach avoids external incisions and allows excellent visualization in the regions of the orbital apex and ethmoid roof, facilitating maximal decompression without the increased risk of bleeding or visual disturbances.
Outcomes of septoplasty
Authors: Siegel Noah S. , Gliklich Richard E. , Taghizadeh Farhan , Chang Yuchiao 
Published: November 2005

A prospective nonrandomized study of consecutive patients presenting to the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary for septoplasty was conducted to evaluate patient‐based outcome. Patients received statistically validated measures of general health status (Short Form‐12) and nasal specific health (Nasal Health Survey) before and 6 and 12 months after surgery. Multiple perioperative patient‐ and surgeon‐dependent treatment variables were also evaluated to determine the impact on outcome. A total of 161 patients were entered into the study, and 93 were available for statistical analysis. At 9 months the mean follow‐up (range 6‐12 months), both symptom and medication subscores of the Nasal Health Survey, and the total score demonstrated significant improvement (P < 0.05); 71% of patients had clinically significant improvement as determined by at least a 50% decrease in duration of nasal symptoms. Measures of general health did not differ significantly from normative values at baseline and did not change after surgical intervention. Predictor analysis revealed that female gender and a history of previous nasal surgery predicted worse outcome.
Use of [18F]‐fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in monitoring response of recurrent neurotropic desmoplastic melanoma to radiotherapy
Authors: Hannah Anthony , Feigen Malcolm , Quong George , Akhurst TIM , Berlangieri Salvatore U. , Zimet Allan , Zalcberg John , Mckay W. J. , Scott Andrew M. 
Published: November 2005

A 35‐year‐old man originally sought treatment in 1985 for an ulcerating lesion on the lower lip. When the lesion was resected, histology showed an amelanotic neurotropic variant of desmoplastic melanoma invading deep into the muscle of the lip around small nerves and blood vessels; staining was positive for S‐100 protein. Repeat excisions were performed twice during the next 2 months, before histologically complete removal was attained.
Inhibition of Cell Proliferation in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell Lines with Antisense Cyclin D1
Authors: Wang Marilene B. , Billings Kathleen R. , Venkatesan Natarajan , Hall Frederick L. , Srivatsan Eri S. 
Published: November 2005

Cyclin D1 and cyclin G are essential regulatory factors in the progression of the cell cycle from G0 through G1 and S phase. Aberrations in expression of these cyclins may lead to dysregulated cellular proliferation that could result in neoplasia. Amplification and overexpression of cyclin D1 have been observed in many human cancers, whereas cyclin G is a new cyclin recently described in osteosarcoma cells. This study was performed to determine whether these cyclins were amplified in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) tumors. Polymerase chain reaction of DNA extracted from 22 HNSCC primary tumors and three HNSCC cell lines did not reveal amplification of cyclin D1 in any of the tumor samples. Southern blot analysis identified amplification of cyclin D1 in a single tumor. Amplification of cyclin G was not observed in any of the tumors by Southern blot hybridization with a cyclin G probe. HNSCC cell lines transfected with antisense cyclin D1 were tested for cell proliferation by the incorporation of 3H‐thymidine into cells grown in serum‐free media. By 72 hours of incubation, there was a greater than 30% reduction in proliferation of cells transfected with antisense cyclin D1 as compared with non‐transfected control cells. The results indicate that cyclin D1 may play an important role in the growth and proliferation of HNSCC cells.
Endoscopic sinus surgery with magnetic resonance imaging guidance: Initial patient experience
Authors: Fried Marvin P. , Topulos George , Hsu Liangge , Jalahej Heyam , Gopal Harsha , Lauretano Arthur , Morrison Paul R. , Jolesz Ferenc A. 
Published: November 2005

We report the first endoscopic surgeries performed with patients under general anesthesia using intraoperative guidance with MRI. The procedures were experimental and intended to test (1) the unusual working environment of a unique new “open‐configuration” MRI unit for head and neck surgery, and (2) real‐time image guidance. Twelve patients underwent endoscopic sinus surgery while under general anesthesia in a new open MRI unit that provides the surgeon with access to the patient while imaging is performed. Eleven patients had chronic sinusitis (eight of them had bilateral disease), and one had a right nasoethmoid and antral tumor. All 12 surgeries were performed without complications. Both the endoscopic view and the MRI scans were available at the surgical field. The image plane was surgeon controlled, and the MRI updated images in as little as 14 seconds. MRI provided adequate visualization of both the disease and the related anatomy and allowed the surgeon to navigate during the procedure. The intraoperative data reflect the tissue changes during surgery and provide optimum feedback for surgical guidance. Although the operating environment poses some limitations, it has become apparent that intraoperative MRI has a role in the treatment of head and neck disorders and warrants further study.
Skeletal expansion combined with soft‐tissue reduction in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea in children: Physiologic results
Authors: Cohen Steven R. , Ross David A. , Burstein Fernando D. , Jean‐Francois Lefaivre , Frcsc John E. , Cathy Simms 
Published: November 2005

Twenty consecutive children, ranging in age from 6 days to 18 years, were treated with skeletal expansion, in addition to soft‐tissue reduction, for medically refractory obstructive sleep apnea. The underlying diagnoses were craniofacial microsomia (n = 6), Down syndrome (n = 3), Pierre Robin syndrome (n = 3), cerebral palsy (n = 3), Nager's syndrome (n= 1), Treacher Collins syndrome (n= 1), cri du chat syndrome (n = 1), juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (n= 1), and temporomandibular joint ankylosis (n= 1). Fourteen children had severe medically refractory sleep apnea and were tracheostomy candidates; in the remaining six, tracheostomies were placed shortly after birth and could not be decannulated. Overnight, 12‐channel polysomnography was obtained before and after surgery. The mean apnea index improved from 7.42 to 1.26, the mean respiratory disturbance index improved from 25.24 to 1.72, and the mean lowest apnea‐related oxygen saturation improved from 68% to 88%. Of the 14 children with medically refractory obstructive sleep apnea, two required tracheostomies. Of the six patients with tracheostomies, five have been decannulated at the time of this writing. Skeletal expansion in conjunction with soft‐tissue reduction in the pediatric population permits substantial increases in the volume of both the nasopharynx and oropharynx. Creative use of conventional osteotomies and the application of distraction osteogenesis have enabled surgeons to apply maxillofacial and craniofacial techniques in treating children with obstructive sleep apnea.
Prevalence and genetic and environmental influences on anxiety disorders in 6-year-old twins
Authors: BOLTON DEREK , ELEY THALIA C. , O'CONNOR THOMAS G. , PERRIN SEAN , RABE-HESKETH SOPHIA , RIJSDIJK FRÜHLING , SMITH PATRICK 
Published: November 2005

Background. Prevalence of childhood anxiety disorders at specific ages and genetic etiological influences on anxiety disorders in young children have been little studied. The present study reports prevalence estimates in a community sample of 6-year-old twins, and patterns of genetic and environmental influences on these early-onset anxiety disorders.Method. Using a two-phase design 4662 twin-pairs were sampled and 854 pairs were assessed in the second phase by maternal-informant diagnostic interview using DSM-IV criteria.Results. The most common conditions were separation anxiety disorder (SAD) [2·8%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2·1–3·8, for current disorder] and specific phobia (10·8%, 95% CI 8·4–13·6, for current disorder). Behavioral genetic modeling was feasible for these two conditions, applied to two phenotypes: symptom syndrome (regardless of impairment) and the narrower one of diagnostic status (symptom syndrome with associated impairment). The heritability estimate for SAD diagnostic status was high, 73%, with remaining variance attributed to non-shared environment. The heritability estimates for specific phobia were also high, 80% for the symptom syndrome and 60% for diagnostic status, with remaining variance attributed in both cases to non-shared environment.Conclusions. Compared with previous epidemiological surveys of children and adolescents in wide age-bands, the current estimates suggest that rates of anxiety disorders assessed in young childhood are generally at least as high and perhaps higher compared with those found in older children. The heritability estimates suggest that the genetic effects on these early-onset anxiety disorders are substantial and more significant than environmental effects, whether shared or non-shared.
Optimal Weyl inequality in Banach spaces
Authors: Hinrichs Aicke 
Published: November 2005

A well-known multiplicative Weyl inequality states that the sequence of eigenvalues

(

λ
k

(
T
)
)

(\lambda _k(T))

and the sequence of approximation numbers

(

a
k

(
T
)
)

(a_k(T))

of any compact operator

T
T

in a Banach space satisfy
\[

∏

k
=
1

n

|

λ
k

(
T
)

|

≤

n

n

/

2

∏

k
=
1

n

a
k

(
T
)

\prod _{k=1}^n |\lambda _k(T)| \le n^{n/2} \prod _{k=1}^n a_k(T)

\]
for all

n
n

. We prove here that the constant

n

n

/

2

n^{n/2}

is optimal, which solves a longstanding problem.
Notes on some new kinds of pseudoprimes
Authors: Zhang Zhenxiang 
Published: November 2005

J. Browkin defined in his recent paper (Math. Comp. 73 (2004), pp. 1031–1037) some new kinds of pseudoprimes, called Sylow

p
p

-pseudoprimes and elementary Abelian

p
p

-pseudoprimes. He gave examples of strong pseudoprimes to many bases which are not Sylow

p
p

-pseudoprime to two bases only, where

p
=
2

p=2

or

3
3

. In this paper, in contrast to Browkin’s examples, we give facts and examples which are unfavorable for Browkin’s observation to detect compositeness of odd composite numbers. In Section 2, we tabulate and compare counts of numbers in several sets of pseudoprimes and find that most strong pseudoprimes are also Sylow

2
2

-pseudoprimes to the same bases. In Section 3, we give examples of Sylow

p
p

-pseudoprimes to the first several prime bases for the first several primes

p
p

. We especially give an example of a strong pseudoprime to the first six prime bases, which is a Sylow

p
p

-pseudoprime to the same bases for all

p
∈
{
2
,
3
,
5
,
7
,
11
,
13
}

p\in \{2,3,5,7,11,13\}

. In Section 4, we define

n
n

to be a

k
k

-fold Carmichael Sylow pseudoprime, if it is a Sylow

p
p

-pseudoprime to all bases prime to

n
n

for all the first

k
k

smallest odd prime factors

p
p

of

n
−
1

n-1

. We find and tabulate all three

3
3

-fold Carmichael Sylow pseudoprimes

>

10

16

>10^{16}

. In Section 5, we define a positive odd composite

n
n

to be a Sylow uniform pseudoprime to bases

b
1

,
…
,

b
k

b_1,\ldots ,b_k

, or a Syl-upsp

(

b
1

,
…
,

b
k

)

(b_1,\ldots ,b_k)

for short, if it is a Syl

p

_p

-psp

(

b
1

,
…
,

b
k

)

(b_1,\ldots ,b_k)

for all the first

ω
(
n
−
1
)
−
1

\omega (n-1)-1

small prime factors

p
p

of

n
−
1

n-1

, where

ω
(
n
−
1
)

\omega (n-1)

is the number of distinct prime factors of

n
−
1

n-1

. We find and tabulate all the 17 Syl-upsp

(
2
,
3
,
5
)

(2,3,5)

’s

>

10

16

>10^{16}

and some Syl-upsp

(
2
,
3
,
5
,
7
,
11
)

(2,3,5,7,11)

’s

>

10

24

>10^{24}

. Comparisons of effectiveness of Browkin’s observation with Miller tests to detect compositeness of odd composite numbers are given in Section 6.
Improved prediction of bacterial transcription start sites
Authors: Gordon J. J. , Towsey M. W. , Hogan J. M. , Mathews S. A. , Timms P. 
Published: November 2005

Abstract
Motivation: Identifying bacterial promoters is an important step towards understanding gene regulation. In this paper, we address the problem of predicting the location of promoters and their transcription start sites (TSSs) in Escherichia coli. The accepted method for this problem is to use position weight matrices (PWMs), which define conserved motifs at the sigma-factor binding site. However this method is known to result in large numbers of false positive predictions.
Results: Our approaches to TSS prediction are based upon an ensemble of support vector machines (SVMs) employing a variant of the mismatch string kernel. This classifier is subsequently combined with a PWM and a model based on distribution of distances from TSS to gene start. We investigate the effect of different scoring techniques and quantify performance using area under a detection-error tradeoff curve. When tested on a biologically realistic task, our method provides performance comparable with or superior to the best reported for this task. False positives are significantly reduced, an improvement of great significance to biologists.
Availability: The trained ensemble-SVM model with instructions on usage can be downloaded from
Contact: m.towsey@qut.edu.au
Elucidation of directionality for co-expressed genes: predicting intra-operon termination sites
Authors: Gupta Anshuman , Maranas Costas D. , Albert Réka 
Published: November 2005

AbstractMotivation: In this paper, we present a novel framework for inferring regulatory and sequence-level information from gene co-expression networks. The key idea of our methodology is the systematic integration of network inference and network topological analysis approaches for uncovering biological insights.Results: We determine the gene co-expression network of Bacillus subtilis using Affymetrix GeneChip® time-series data and show how the inferred network topology can be linked to sequence-level information hard-wired in the organism's genome. We propose a systematic way for determining the correlation threshold at which two genes are assessed to be co-expressed using the clustering coefficient and we expand the scope of the gene co-expression network by proposing the slope ratio metric as a means for incorporating directionality on the edges. We show through specific examples for B. subtilis that by incorporating expression level information in addition to the temporal expression patterns, we can uncover sequence-level biological insights. In particular, we are able to identify a number of cases where (1) the co-expressed genes are part of a single transcriptional unit or operon and (2) the inferred directionality arises due to the presence of intra-operon transcription termination sites.Availability: The software will be provided on request.Contact: ralbert@phys.psu.eduSupplementary information:
Ruptured uterus in a Nigerian community: a study of sociodemographic and obstetric risk factors
Authors: Ebeigbe Peter N. , Enabudoso Ehigha , Ande Adedapo B. A. 
Published: November 2005

Background.  Ruptured uterus is a common obstetric emergency in Nigeria, associated with high maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. There is a need for definitive identification of the risk factors to guide effective interventions to curb its scourge.Objective.  To identify the sociodemographic and obstetric risk factors for ruptured uterus in Benin City, Nigeria, and based on this, make appropriate recommendations toward curbing the incidence and morbidity and mortality associated with it.Materials and methods.  Sociodemographic and obstetric variables in 51 women with ruptured uterus and 300 randomly selected hospital controls from the general obstetric population were compared. Fisher's exact test was used to determine statistical significance between proportions.Results.  The incidence of ruptured uterus was 1 in 426 deliveries. The risk factors found were low socioeconomic class (OR = 6.8, CI = 3.6–12.9), being unbooked for antenatal care (OR = 10.4, CI = 5.4–20.0), grand multiparity (OR = 8.7, CI = 4.0–19.1), and prolonged obstructed labor (OR = 35.3, CI = 15.3–81.6).Conclusion.  Measures that promote education and economic empowerment of women and the utilization of modern antenatal care will reduce the prevalence of rupture of the uterus in the community.
‘Older’ age is a risk factor for pelvic inflammatory disease in intrauterine device users
Authors: Viberga Ilze , Odlind Viveca , Berglund Lars 
Published: November 2005

Background.  To asses the role of a copper intrauterine device (IUD) per se in the development of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and complicated PID in women considered at low risk of PID.Methods.  Cases were 51 women admitted to hospital with a diagnosis of acute PID, and controls were 50 healthy women attending an outpatient clinic for routine gynecological check‐up. The women were 25–45 years old. Data were analyzed and compared between groups using the statistical program package sas.Results.  IUD use was not associated with an increased risk of PID in general, but in women ≥35 years, IUD use was associated with a risk of PID [odds ratio (OR) = 4.2, confidence interval (CI) 1.1–16.3]. When adjusting for smoking, educational level, employment, and microbial findings in women with PID, IUD use was associated with complicated PID in women ≥35 years (OR = 33.9, CI 1.2–959.6), but not in younger women. When adjusting age and IUD use duration for each other in IUD users, age ≥35 years was a significant risk factor for PID (OR = 4.9, CI 1.3–19.2), but not long (≥5 years) duration. In IUD users with PID, age ≥35 years was a risk factor for a PID to be complicated in both the unadjusted and adjusted analysis (OR = 12.7, CI 1.6–102.3; OR = 12.1, CI 1.4–104.7), whereas long duration of IUD use was not. When adjusting for significant endocervical microbial findings, long duration of IUD use and age, only age ≥35 years, remained significantly associated with both PID and complicated PID (OR = 5, CI 1.1–21.9; OR = 36, CI – 1.9–670).Conclusions.  IUD use was not associated with PID in low‐risk younger women, but in women ≥35 years, IUD use was associated with an increased risk of PID. The study also demonstrates an association between IUD use and complicated PID in women ≥35 years.