bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental and Theoretical Study of Simultaneous Heat and Moisture Transfer in a Fibrous Insulant
Authors: Crausse P. , Bacon G. , Langlais C. 
Published: March 2007

The outcome of the work presented here consists in predicting the moisture and heat transfer phenomena likely to occur in glass fiber insulants subjected to varying environmental conditions. This prediction is obtained by a numerical resolution of the equations govern ing the phenomena (Luikov's model) and an experimental determination of the mass transfer coefficients appearing in these equations. Comparisons between experimental and theoretical results are presented for a particular configuration (closed system with stationary boundary conditions). These comparisons show a good reproduction of the measured moisture distributions but an over estimation of the heat transfer, for reasons developed in the text. Despite its present imperfections, the procedure presented here remains good and has been used for different configurations. Further developments require additional measurement of heat and mass transfer coefficients.
The French Prediction Method of the Long-Term Thermal Resistance for Gas-Filled Cellular Plastics
Authors: Tramblay Gérard G. , Roux Gabriel A. 
Published: March 2007

Insulating materials are certified in France since 1985. That means that the actual performance of each material can be known by the user and not just a contractual performance for a given family of insulating materials. This paper presents the certified characteristics of building trade thermal insula tion, manufactured products and the three types of certificate. It is more focused on the certified thermal resistance, R. It gives the measurement methodology. It is more specifically focused on the certification of the R value of PUR foams. The main repercussions of the certification are given.
A Conversation with Joseph S. Wholey about the Program for Excellence in Human Services
Authors: Johnson Paul L. 
Published: March 2007

Dr. Joseph Wholey is Professor of Public Administration at the University of Southern California's Washington Public Affairs Center. His research and teaching focus on policies, program approaches, and management practices that contribute to improved performance in human service agencies and programs. He is well- known to evaluators for his development of the theory and application of "evaluability assessment." In addition to his academic responsibilities, Dr. Wholey currently devotes a good part of his time to a project that places the evaluator in a special role requiring both methodologi cal competence and communication skills. He is Director of the Program for Excellence in Human Services, a voluntary partnership of local governments, regional groups, state agencies, and universities. The program is a cooperative effort intended to help improve the performance and credibility of Northern Virginia's human service system. In September 1989 we had the opportunity one afternoon to talk informally in Joe's Washington office (across from the famous Ford's Theatre) about the project in Northern Virginia and his experience of coordinating and facilitating the work of an extraordinary group of local and state government executives, program managers, planners, and faculty members.
A Computer Controlled Polypropylene Stretched Tape Line To Investigate the Effect of Processing Conditions On Stretched Tape Morphology and Properties
Authors: Flood J.E. , Nulf S.A. , Millspaugh K.C. , Lehnen P. 
Published: March 2007

A computerized stretched tape line has recently been installed at the Shell Westhollow Research Center. Tape line variables currently under computer control are godet roll speed (feed, draw, and annealing godets), quench bath temperature, orientation oven temperature, and annealing roll temperature. Godet rolls are con trolled and driven by Fincor inverters and A.C. synchronous motors. The line has data logging capabilities as well as a ramping function which provides smooth speed transitions while stringing up the line or changing the draw ratio. Recent work on the new tape line investigated the effect of resin melt flow and molecular weight distribution (MWD) on the tape's mechanical properties and dimensional stability (as measured by a shrinkage test of yarn in skein form at 132°C). The data showed that effect of MWD and melt flow on tape mechanical properties was comparable to that found with our previous work [1]. There was little or no effect of MWD on tape tenacities while Young's modulus and percent elongation at break were mildly affected by MWD. Tape made from higher melt flow resin had lower mechanical properties. Shrinkage decreased as MWD broadened and also with higher on-line annealing temperatures.
On the Development of Orientation in LDPE Blown Films
Authors: van Gurp M. , Kip B.J. , van Heel J.P.C. , de Boer S. 
Published: March 2007

The orientational order in a number of low density polyethylene (LDPE) films blown at varying extrusion temperatures is studied with four dif ferent experimental techniques: wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS), Fourier- transform infrared (FTIR) dichroism, polarized Raman spectroscopy and bire fringence. From these experimental studies a number of so-called order parameters is obtained that make up the orientational distribution function of the lamellar crystals in the films. The findings support the morphological model that consists of arrays of stacked lamellae which are twisted. These lamellae grow radially outward from a nucleation center along the crystalline b-axis, whereas the a- and c-axes rotate around this direction. With increasing extrusion temperature an increasing amount of twisting takes place, due to a reduced melt stress at the time of crystallization and a decreased number of aligned nuclei being formed. Furthermore, with increasing extrusion tempera ture the small amount of amorphous order decreases to practically zero above an extrusion temperature of around 150°C. From a comparison of the four experimental techniques it can be concluded that WAXS is the most comprehensive choice, yielding pole figures which directly show a qualitative picture of the crystalline orientational distribution. FTIR and Raman give a limited number of order parameters, but are less elabo rate in use than WAXS. Birefringence measurements are easily performed, but only give average values of both the crystalline and amorphous order. Using crystalline values from other measurements, these birefringence measure ments can then be used to obtain the amorphous order.
The proximal‐virtual team continuum: A study of performance
Authors: Workman Michael 
Published: February 2007

AbstractResearch is beginning to accumulate for proximal and virtual team‐based work. However, little if any research has examined the effects of the degrees of virtualization on performance, yet purely proximal or virtual teamwork in most professional organizations is becoming rare. This field study examined the effects of virtualization on social influences and social identity factors, and these effects on performance. We found nonlinear relationships between virtualization and cohesion, and virtualization and conflict. Task‐relationship orientation and social‐technical skills were also found to interact with virtualization on performance. Consequently, recommendations are made regarding hybridization of teams.
A system for supporting evidence recording in bibliographic records, Part II: What is valuable evidence for catalogers?
Authors: Taniguchi Shoichi 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRecording evidence for data element values, in addition to the values themselves, in bibliographic records and descriptive metadata is likely to be useful for improving the expressivity and reliability of such records and metadata. Recorded evidence indicates why and how data values are recorded for elements. This article is Part II of a study to explore a way of assisting catalogers in recording evidence in bibliographic records, with the aim of minimizing the costs and effort of doing so. This article begins with a scenario for utilizing recorded evidence to which a cataloger refers for information and understanding of the ways that have been adopted to record data value(s) in a given element. In line with that scenario, the proper content of evidence to be recorded is first discussed. Second, the functionality of the system developed in Part I is extended and refined to make the system more useful and effective in recording such evidence. Third, the system's performance is experimentally examined, the results of which show its usefulness. And fourth, another system is developed for catalogers to retrieve and display recorded evidence together with bibliographic records in a flexible way.
Protein kinase C‐ERK1/2 signal pathway switches glucose depletion‐induced necrosis to apoptosis by regulating superoxide dismutases and suppressing reactive oxygen species production in A549 lung cancer cells
Authors: Kim Cho Hee , Han Song Iy , Lee Su Yeon , Youk Hyun Suk , Moon Ji Young , Duong Hong Quan , Park Min Jung , Joo Young Mi , Park Hye Gyeong , Kim Yung Jin , Yoo Mi Ae , Lim Sung‐Chul , Kang Ho Sung 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCells typically die by either apoptosis or necrosis. However, the consequences of apoptosis and necrosis are quite different for a whole organism. In the case of apoptosis, the cell content remains packed in the apoptotic bodies that are removed by marcrophages, and thereby inflammation does not occur; during necrosis, the cell membrane is ruptured, and the cytosolic constituents are released into the extracellular space provoking inflammation. Recently, inflammation and necrosis have been suggested to promote tumor growth. We investigated the molecular mechanism underlying cell death in response to glucose depletion (GD), a common characteristic of the tumor microenvironment. GD induced necrosis through production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in A549 lung carcinoma cells. Inhibition of ROS production by N‐acetyl‐L‐cysteine and catalase prevented necrosis and switched the cell death mode to apoptosis that depends on mitochondrial death pathway involving caspase‐9 and caspase‐3 activation, indicating a critical role of ROS in determination of GD‐induced cell death mode. We demonstrate that protein kinase C‐dependent extracellular regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) activation also switched GD‐induced necrosis to apoptosis through inhibition of ROS production possibly by inducing manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD) expression and by preventing GD‐induced degradation of cupper zinc SOD. Thus, these results suggest that GD‐induced cell death mode is determined by the protein kinase C/ERK1/2 signal pathway that regulates MnSOD and CuZnSOD and that these antioxidants may exert their known tumor suppressive activities by inducing necrosis‐to‐apoptosis switch. J. Cell. Physiol. 211: 371–385, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Germinal epithelium, folliculogenesis, and postovulatory follicles in ovaries of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum, 1792) (Teleostei, protacanthopterygii, salmoniformes)
Authors: Grier Harry J. , Uribe Mari Carmen , Parenti Lynne R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum, 1792), is a salmoniform fish that spawns once per year. Ripe females that had ovulated naturally, and those induced to ovulate using salmon gonadotropin‐releasing hormone, were studied to determine whether follicles were forming at the time of spawning and to describe the process of folliculogenesis. After ovulation, the ovaries of postspawned rainbow trout were examined histologically, using the periodic acid‐Schiff procedure, to stain basement membranes that subtend the germinal epithelium and to interpret and define the activity of the germinal epithelium. After spawning, the ovary contained a few ripe oocytes that did not ovulate, numerous primary growth oocytes including oocytes with cortical alveoli, and postovulatory follicles. The germinal epithelium was active in postspawned rainbow trout, as determined by the presence of numerous cell nests, composed of oogonia, mitotic oogonia, early diplotene oocytes, and prefollicle cells. Cell nests were separated from the stroma by a basement membrane continuous with that subtending the germinal epithelium. Furthermore, follicles containing primary growth oocytes were connected to the germinal epithelium; the basement membrane surrounding the follicle joined that of the germinal epithelium. After ovulation, the basement membrane of the postovulatory follicle was continuous with that of the germinal epithelium. We observed consistent separation of the follicle, composed of an oocyte and surrounding follicle cells, from the ovarian stroma by a basement membrane. The follicle is derived from the germinal epithelium. As with the germinal epithelium, follicle cells derived from it never contact those of the connective tissue stroma. As with epithelia, they are always separated from connective tissue by a basement membrane. J. Morphol., 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The skull of the round Island boa, Casarea dussumieri Schlegel, based on high‐resolution X‐ray computed tomography
Authors: Maisano Jessica Anderson , Rieppel Olivier 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe skull of the rare bolyeriid snake Casarea dussumieri is described in detail based on high‐resolution X‐ray CT data. Bolyeriids are unique in their possession of a separate suborbital ossification and a maxilla subdivided into two movably jointed parts, which may be the result of paedomorphic truncation of the development of the maxilla from multiple ossification centers. Comparison of the skull of C. dussumieri to that of larger booids suggests additional paedomorphic features including reduction of the dorsal lamina of the nasal and prefrontal and reduction of their contacts with the frontal, limited posterior extent of the posterior free process of the supratemporal, and reduction of the coronoid and splenial. The observations herein do not resolve competing phylogenetic hypotheses based on morphology, which either place tropidophiids as the sister‐taxon of bolyeriids, Acrochordus and colubroids, or place bolyeriids as the sister‐taxon of the other three. But these observations provide no support whatsoever for the heterodox placement of tropidophiids at the base of alethinophidian snakes, as obtained recently with molecular data. J. Morphol., 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The kinetics of cellular proliferation in normal and malignant tissues. V. Analysis of labeling indices and potential tissue doubling times in human tumor cell populations
Authors: Fabrikant Jacob I. , Cherry Jerrie 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe metabolic activities of proliferating human tissues which concern nucleic acid synthesis and the cell cycle are being examined by high resolution autoradiography following the incorporation of labeled nucleic acid precursors. The relationships of the kinetics of cellular proliferation are investigated using a method whereby surgical biopsy specimens are labeled with nucleic acid precursors in vitro, but under conditions in which the incorporation of the label occurs only in the cells which were synthesizing DNA and RNA in the patient, thereby providing a pattern of labeling similar to that obtained by in vivo methods. The tissue turnover rates, potential doubling times, and the temporal patterns of DNA and RNA synthesis in relation to the cell cycle of proliferating cell populations are determined by appropriate techniques using 3H‐ and 14C‐labeled thymidine and uridine. Quantitative information on cell population kinetics in normal, inflammatory, and neoplastic tissues of the larynx from over 160 patients is presented, and the experimental data are discussed in terms of relationships of cell cycle times, proliferative capacities, and growth rates of human cell populations in vivo.
Results from treatment of Wilm's tumor at Roswell Park 1927–1968
Authors: Kenny G. M. , Webster J. H. , Sinks L. M. , Gaeta J. F. , Staubitz W. J. , Murphy G. P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA retrospective study of forty‐two of forty‐nine cases of Wilm's tumors treated at the Roswell Park Memorial Institute over the past forty years is presented. Abdominal palpation to date remains the most important finding. Since over 20% demonstrated nonfunction on intravenous pyelogram, preoperative diagnosis and differentiation from neuroblastoma are therefore not always certain. Artereography may be helpful in selected instances. Metastases were present in 29 cases at the time they were first seen at the Institute. Modes of therapy were; nephrectomy, 41 cases; plus radiation therapy, 40 cases; and plus chemotherapy, 27 cases. The relationship of age of onset, stage of tumor, presence of metastasis, mode of therapy, and length of survival is presented. Current therapy includes nephrectomy, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy with actinomycin D or vincristine, or both, and monthly follow‐up is advised. Further correlations of histopathological features with survival are made in 16 cases. The absence of undifferentiated sarcomatous components seems to be the best prognostic feature.
Esophageal metastases and dysphagia in patients with carcinoma of the breast
Authors: Holyoke E. Douglas , Nemoto Takuma , Dao Thomas L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTen patients with dysphagia due to metastatic carcinoma of the breast have been treated at Roswell Park Memorial Institute over the period from January 1960 through December 1968. This number represents less than 0.5% of the total number of patients with metastatic breast disease seen during this period. All of these patients had disseminated metastases at the time dysphagia occurred. Because of this, systemic therapy is usually indicated. Six of seven patients who underwent adrenalectomy for dysphagia responded. In some instances chemotherapy has been efficacious.
Correlation of urinary isoenzymes in baboon renal allografts and autografts
Authors: Groenewald J. H. , Bersohn I. , Van Zyl J. A. , Schoonees R. , Weber H. W. , Retief C. P. , Murphy G. P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractUrinary and blood isoenzymes and other biochemical tests were performed on fresh or fresh‐frozen specimens from intact renal‐allografted or renal‐autografted adult male and female Chacma baboons. Although elevations in urinary and blood LDH and alkaline phosphatase activity were noted, these failed to prove consistent, or to be specific indices of renal rejection, or to correlate with the level of measured renal function. LDH urinary enzymes as determined by paper electrophoresis disclosed a heretofore undescribed shift from a high, fast‐moving fraction (I) in renal‐allografted or renal‐autografted animals. The shift is therefore not related to renal rejection, but more to nonspecific ischemic cellular destruction. Techniques of starch gel and paper urinary isoenzyme measurements are compared, and the necessity of fresh catheterized specimens for accurate enzymatic determination is stressed.
Tumor‐specific transplantation immunity after cryosurgery
Authors: Myers Richard S. , Hammond William G. , Ketcham Alfred S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTumor‐specific transplantation immunity was studied in three mouse tumor systems. A differential immunity was shown to exist between animals which had tumor cryo‐surgically destroyed and those having tumor surgically amputated. However, the difference was dependent upon the individual host tumor system. Further investigation into cryosurgical in situ tumor destruction is warranted.
Transmission of some tumor viruses
Authors: Mirand Edwin A. , Mirand Albert G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA history and certain characteristics of some tumor virus infections are presented. Vertical and/or horizontal transmission of murine leukemia viruses, particularly Friend virus (FV), Rauscher virus (RLV), and 334C virus, is discussed. Transmission of FV virus occurs through successive generations following infection of adult mice, and transmission of 334C virus occurs through successive generations following infection of newborn mice. Foster‐nursing experiments show that most effective transmission of FV, RLV, and 334C viruses occurs through the mother's milk. Transplacental transmission of virus, as determined by development of virus‐induced disease, has not been seen in reciprocal foster‐nursing studies or in tests of embryo extracts from FV‐ and RLV‐infected mothers, but test of embryo extract suggests that some transplacental transmission of 334C virus may occur. Unlike the mammary tumor virus, FV and RLV are not transmitted through the paternal line. Relatively high infectivity of semen and low incidence of leukemia in litters sired by infected males suggest a high potential for transmission of 334C virus by the male parent. FV, RLV, and 334C viruses may be transmitted by injection of urine, inducing low incidences of disease with long latency periods. Preparations from oral washings and feces from mice infected with FV and RLV have not induced disease in assay mice, but similar preparations from mice infected with 334C virus have induced low incidences of disease. Waterborne transmission of FV has been barely successful, but airborne and foodborne transmission have been unsuccessful. While the possibility of horizontal transmission of virus exists, horizontal transmission of FV and RLV in the natural environment, even under optimal conditions, is minimal. Friend virus‐infected mothers transmit maternal antibodies and virus to their offspring, which may account for the low natural incidence of the disease and the long latent period frequently observed.
Bone marrow colony‐stimulating factor: Renal influence on serum titers
Authors: Foster Roger S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe serum titer of colony‐stimulating factor which stimulates in vitro growth of bone marrow cells to form colonies of granulocytic and mononuclear cells is elevated 18 hr following bilateral ureteral ligation and unilateral or bilateral nephrectomy in mice. Following unilateral ureteral ligation, there is a moderate elevation of colony‐stimulating activity at 3 and 7 days. These results suggest that the titer of serum colony‐stimulating factor is dependent in part on renal clearance of the factor.
Perirenal fibrous xanthoma: Unusual retroperitoneal tumor diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Palma L. D. , Gaeta J. F. , Kenny G. M. , Murphy G. P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAn unusual case of perirenal fibrous xanthoma (histiocytoma) is presented. Review of the literature reveals that this disease entity is indeed very rare and presents no specific clinical signs and symptoms. Fortunately, the majority of the cases are benign, but there is really no solitary histological feature that can predict the outcome of the disease. Arteriography and microscopical appearance are helpful diagnostic aids.
Metastatic renal adenocarcinoma to the ureteral stump in a hemophiliac
Authors: Sargent Frank T. , Albert David J. , Persky Lester 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA case of a delayed distal ureteral metastasis from a cortical renal adenocarcinoma in a hemophiliac is presented as an unusual but significant problem. The need for total ureterectomy with nephrectomy is discussed. The various metastatic pathways for this tumor are presented. It would seem that the proposed avenues are, at present, only theoretical, and it might be reasonable to assume that any one or several of them may be the pathway in an individual case. Regardless of the mode of spread, we must be cognizant of the possibility of distal ureteral metastases long after nephrectomy. The diagnostic value of cystoscopy during active bleeding is emphasized. With the use of coordinated efforts on the part of hematology, general medicine, and surgery, such instrumentation and quite radical operations can be and are being carried out successfully in hemophilia.