bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Magnetostrictive properties of Tb‐Fe and Tb‐Fe‐Co films
Authors: Kiyomiya Teruo , Yamada Yoji , Matsuo Yoshio , Wakiwaka Hiroyuki , Torii Yohei , Makimura Mika 
Published: November 2008

AbstractWe studied Tb‐Fe‐Co giant magnetostrictive thin films and researched sputtering conditions to improve their magnetostrictive properties and investigated the possibility of their practical use. The sputtering Ar gas pressure influenced their inner stress and played a very important role for the determination of the magnetic easy axis. The largest magnetostriction was obtained when the Ar gas pressure was set at 0.7 Pa and the inner stress was controlled at a tensile stress of about 50 MPa. In the Tb‐Fe system, the Curie temperature is very low (about 140°C) compared with bulk materials, but the Curie temperature can be improved with increasing Co ratio. For films over 70% Co ratio, the Curie temperature was more than 250°C and the largest magnetostriction (1508 ppm) was obtained at 80.1% Co ratio. For almost all Tb‐Fe‐Co thin films, the values of magnetostriction were very high (over 1000 ppm), and the coercive forces were low (around 8 kA/m). Therefore, the Tb‐Fe‐Co giant magnetostrictive thin films are very appropriate materials for the applications in micro‐actuators and sensors. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 91(5): 49– 55, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.10115
Rate‐Redox‐Controlled Size‐Selective Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Polyoxometalates
Authors: Troupis Aristidis , Triantis Theodoros , Hiskia Anastasia , Papaconstantinou Elias 
Published: November 2008

AbstractUniform silver nanoparticles were obtained upon the reduction of silver ions by reduced polyoxometalates (POMs) by simple mixing at room temperature. Control of the size and the dispersity of silver nanoparticles was achieved by rate control. Faster reduction of Ag+ led to smaller and more uniform silver nanoparticles, suggesting that the rate of Ag+ reduction strongly affects the initial nucleation of silver particles. A faster rate is achieved by either (i) increasing the concentration of the reducing reagent (reduced POM) or, more interestingly (ii) selecting POMs having appropriate (more negative) redox potentials: different POMs with increasing negative reduction potential or the same POM with more electrons accumulated on it. The rates of Ag+ reduction parallel the more negative reduction potential for POMs according to the series H2W12O407– > SiW12O405– > P2W18O628– > P2W18O627– > P2Mo18O6210– > P2Mo18O628– = 0. This precise redox‐control is summarized in a log k (E0) electrochemical‐like behavior, in alliance to a “soluble cathode” behavior of POMs, which leads to more uniform particles than those obtained with conventional electrochemistry. Alternatively, the concentration of silver ions influences the size of the particles obtained: increasing the amount of Ag+ leads to larger nanoparticles.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Isoflavone consumption and subsequent risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in a population‐based prospective cohort of Japanese men and women
Authors: Kurahashi Norie , Inoue Manami , Iwasaki Motoki , Tanaka Yasuhito , Mizokami Masashi , Tsugane Shoichiro ,   for the JPHC Study Group
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is much higher in men than in women. Several experiment and epidemiological studies have suggested that estrogen might play an inhibitory role in the development of HCC. Because isoflavones have a similar structure as 17β‐estradiol and appear to have an anti‐estrogenic effect in women and estrogenic effect in men, we hypothesized that the effect of isoflavones on HCC differs by sex. We investigated the association between isoflavones (genistein and daidzein) and soy products and HCC in Japan in a population‐based prospective study in 19,998 Japanese (7,215 men and 12,783 women) aged 40–69 years. During 11.8 years of follow‐up, 101 subjects (69 men and 32 women) were newly diagnosed with HCC. Case patients were grouped according to consumption of isoflavones and soy products and stratified by hepatitis virus infection. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for HCC were calculated by Cox proportional‐hazards modeling. In women, genistein and daidzein were dose‐dependently associated with an increased risk of HCC, with multivariable HRs for the highest versus lowest tertile of 3.19 (95%CI = 1.13–9.00, ptrend = 0.03) and 3.90 (95% CI = 1.30–11.69, ptrend = 0.01), respectively. No association between isoflavones and HCC was observed in men. These results persisted when analysis was restricted to subjects positive for either or both hepatitis C and B virus. In conclusion, isoflavone consumption may be associated with an increased risk of HCC in women. Women with hepatitis virus infection may be advised to abstain from isoflavone consumption. Further studies are warranted to confirm these findings. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Using enrichment index for quality control of secretory protein sample and identification of secretory proteins
Authors: Chen Yong , Gu Bei , Wu Shuzhen , Sun Wei , Ma Sucan , Liu Yuqin , Gao Youhe 
Published: November 2008

AbstractAnalysis of secretory proteins is an important area in proteomic research. We propose that a good secretory protein sample should be enriched with known secretory proteins, and a secretory protein should be enriched in the secretory protein sample compared with its corresponding soluble cell lysate. Positive identifications of proteins were subjected to quantitation of spectral counts, which reflect relative protein abundance. Enrichment index of the sample (EIS) and the enrichment index for protein (EIP) were obtained by comparing proteins identified in the secretory protein sample and those in the soluble cell lysate sample. The quality of the secretory protein sample can be represented by EIS. EIP was used to identify the secretory proteins.The secretory proteins from mouse dendritic cell sarcoma (DCS) were analyzed by MS. The EISs of two samples were 75.4 and 84.65, respectively. 72 proteins were significantly enriched in secretory protein samples, of which 42 proteins were either annotated in Swiss‐Prot and/or predicted by signal peptides to be secretory. In the remaining 30 proteins, 12 and 15 proteins were positively predicted by SecretomeP and ProP, respectively, and 5 proteins were positive by both methods. Furthermore, 11 proteins were found to be present in exosome in other studies that involved mice dendritic cell lines. We suggest that this assessment method is helpful for systemic research of secretory proteins and biomarker discovery for diseases such as cancer. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ab initio quantum‐mechanical simulation of the Raman spectrum of grossular
Authors: Dovesi R. , Valenzano L. , Pascale F. , Zicovich‐Wilson C. M. , Orlando R. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe Raman spectrum of the grossular garnet Ca3Al2Si3O12 has been simulated with the periodic ab initio CRYSTAL code by adopting an all‐electron Gaussian‐type basis set and the B3LYP Hamiltonian. The wavenumbers of the 25 Raman active modes (3 of A1g, 8 of Eg and 14 of F2g symmetry) are in excellent agreement with two sets of accurate experimental data. Isotopic substitution is used to measure the participation of Ca and Si (Al is constrained in a centro‐symmetric position) to the various modes. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Vibrational properties of ibuprofen–cyclodextrin inclusion complexes investigated by Raman scattering and numerical simulation
Authors: Rossi Barbara , Verrocchio Paolo , Viliani Gabriele , Mancini Ines , Guella Graziano , Rigo Eveline , Scarduelli Giorgina , Mariotto Gino 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe modifications to the vibrational spectra produced by inclusion into cyclodextrins on the vibrational spectra of of the non‐steroidal anti–inflammatory drug ibuprofen, by inclusion into cyclodextrins have been investigated by means of Raman scattering and numerical simulation. These changes are discussed and explained by comparison with the theoretical vibrational wavenumbersfrequencies and Raman intensities obtained by quantum and classical numerical simulations, disentangling the effects directly related to the complexation process, from those to be ascribed to non‐covalent dimerization of ibuprofen due to hydrogen bonding. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Corrosion aspects of metallic implants — An overview
Authors: Balamurugan A. , Rajeswari S. , Balossier G. , Rebelo A. H. S. , Ferreira J. M. F. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe ability to replace or augment diseased body parts totally or partially has improved both the quality and life span of human population. The decline in surgical risks during recent decades has encouraged the development of more complex procedures for prosthetic implantation. Additionally, a variety of extracorporeal devices, such as the heart, lung and blood dialysis machines are used routinely, but these prosthetic elements have several limitations. Hence, research projects are currently underway to overcome the limitations of synthetic materials by developing formulations with varying properties, such as asymptomatic, long‐term function in the human physiological environment, etc., to meet the needs of biomedical surgeons. This review focuses on the several biomaterials corrosion and its measures to prevent corrosion.
Nanoscale Cellular Foams from a Poly(propylene)‐Rubber Blend
Authors: Nemoto Tomoyuki , Takagi Jun , Ohshima Masahiro 
Published: November 2008

AbstractPlastic foams with nano/micro‐scale cellular structures were prepared from poly(propylene)/thermoplastic polystyrene elastomer (PP/TPS) systems, specifically the copolymer blends PP/hydrogenated polystyrene‐block‐polybutadiene‐block‐polystyrene rubber and PP/hydrogenated polystyrene‐block‐polyisoprene‐block‐polystyrene. These PP/TPS systems have the unique characteristic that the elastomer domain can be highly dispersed and oriented in the machine direction by changing the draw‐down ratio in the extrusion process. A temperature‐quench batch physical foaming method was used to foam these two systems with CO2. The cell size and location were highly controlled in the dispersed elastomer domains by exploiting the differences in CO2 solubility, diffusivity, and viscoelasticity between the elastomer domains and the PP matrix. The average cell diameter of the PP/TPS blend foams was controlled to be 200–400 nm on the finest level by manipulating the PP/rubber ratio, the draw‐down ratio of extrusion and the foaming temperature. Furthermore, the cellular structure could be highly oriented in one direction by using the highly‐oriented elastomer domains in the polymer blend morphology as a template for foaming.magnified image
Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) Biosynthesis from Whey Lactose
Authors: Koller Martin , Atlić Aid , Gonzalez‐Garcia Yolanda , Kutschera Christoph , Braunegg Gerhart 
Published: November 2008

AbstractSummary: The potential of three different microbial wild type strains as polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) producers from whey lactose is compared. Homopolyester and co‐polyester biosynthesis was investigated by the archaeon Haloferax mediterranei and the eubacterial strains Pseudomonas hydrogenovora and Hydrogenophaga pseudoflava. H. mediterranei accumulated 50 wt.‐% of poly‐3‐(hydroxybutyrate‐co‐6%‐hydroxyvalerate) in cell dry mass from hydrolyzed whey without addition of 3‐hydroxyvalerate (3HV) precursors (specific productivity qp: 2.9 mg/g h). Using P. hydrogenovora, the final percentage of poly‐3‐hydroxybutyrate (PHB) amounted to 12 wt.‐% (qp: 0.03 g/g h); co‐feeding of valeric acid resulted in the production of 12 wt.‐%. P‐3(HB‐co‐21%‐HV) (qp: 0.02 g/g h). With H. pseudoflava, it was possible to reach 40 wt.‐% P‐3 (HB‐co‐5%‐HV) on not‐hydrolyzed whey lactose plus valeric acid as 3HV precursor (qp: 9.1 mg/g h); on hydrolyzed whey lactose without addition of valeric acid, the strain produced 30 wt.‐% of PHB (qp: 0.16 g/g h). The characterization of the isolated biopolyesters completes the study.
The Polarized Light‐Induced Enzymatic Formation and Degradation of Biopolymers
Authors: Konieczna‐Molenda Anna , Fiedorowicz Maciej , Tomasik Piotr 
Published: November 2008

AbstractSummary: White, linearly polarized transformed starch amylopectin into amylose. Moreover, it activated α‐amylolysis of starch, hydrolysis of xylane with xylanase, hydrolyses of chitin with chitinase, chitosan with chitosanase, and, interestingly, influenced production of cyclodextrins with cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase. Effect of duration of illumination of cyclodextrin glucosyltransferase with polarized light had certain effect upon the yield and isomer ration of three isomeric cyclodextrins. Application of the polarized light required 1–2 hour illumination of the enzymes in a small reaction vessel followed by admixture of so activated enzymes to a bioreactor. Further reactions did not require any illumination.
Supramolecular Systems from Natural Polymers and Maleic Polyelectrolytes
Authors: Popescu Irina , Popa Marcel Ionel , Chitanu Gabrielle Charlotte 
Published: November 2008

AbstractSummary: The formation of polyelectrolyte complexes by interaction between chitosan and maleic acid copolymers as strong/weak dibasic polyanions was investigated. The interaction between the sodium salt of maleic acid copolymers with styrene or vinyl acetate and the chitosan hydrochloride in aqueous solution was followed by potentiometric, conductometric and turbidimetric titration. The effect of the added low molecular salt on the complex formation was also investigated. The precipitated complexes were analyzed by FTIR spectroscopy and TG analysis. Preliminary layer‐by‐layer deposition experiments were performed to obtain thin films.
Assessing the diurnal evolution of surface radiation balance over the western region of Tropical Atlantic Ocean using in situ measurements carried out during the FluTuA Project
Authors: Bacellar Sarasvati , Oliveira Amauri P. , Soares Jacyra , Servain Jacques 
Published: November 2008

AbstractIn this work, the diurnal evolution of the radiation balance components over the tropical Atlantic Ocean is described and analysed. The analysis is based on measurements carried out on board a Brazilian Navy ship during the observational campaign of the FluTuA Project (‘Fluxos Turbulentos sobre o Atlântico’), from 15 to 23 May 2002. The observations indicated that the albedo responds as expected to atmospheric attenuation effects with a diurnal evolution similar to the Fresnel albedo. In general, the observed longwave radiation values agreed better with the estimated values obtained without longwave reflection. In agreement with the literature, the average surface emissivity was around 0.97. The net radiation, estimated from published equations for albedo, atmospheric transmissivity and surface emissivity, agreed with the observations, indicating that these parameters are representative of the radiometric properties of the air‐sea interface in the region between Natal (6°S, 35.2°W) and the São Pedro and São Paulo Archipelago (1°N, 29.3°W). Copyright © 2008 Royal Meteorological Society
An efficient finite element method for embedded interface problems
Authors: Dolbow John , Harari Isaac 
Published: November 2008

AbstractA stabilized finite element method based on the Nitsche technique for enforcing constraints leads to an efficient computational procedure for embedded interface problems. We consider cases in which the jump of a field across the interface is given, as well as cases in which the primary field on the interface is given. The finite element mesh need not be aligned with the interface geometry. We present closed‐form analytical expressions for interfacial stabilization terms and simple procedures for accurate flux evaluations. Representative numerical examples demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Non‐convex dynamic dispatch of generators with prohibited operating zones
Authors: Yuan Xiaohui , Su Anjun , Yuan Yanbin , Nie Hao , Wang Liang 
Published: November 2008

AbstractDynamic economic load dispatch (DELD), which plays an important role in power systems operation, is cast as a complex non‐linear constrained optimization problem. It has non‐smooth and non‐convex characteristic when generation unit valve‐point effects and prohibited operating zones are taken into account. The operating region of the units having prohibited zones is broken into isolated feasible sub‐regions, which results in multiple decision spaces for the DELD problem. This paper proposes an enhanced particle swarm optimization (EPSO) method to solve the DELD problem of units with valve‐point effects and prohibited operating zones. In the proposed EPSO method, feasibility‐based rules and heuristic search strategies with priority list based on probability are devised to handle complex constraints effectively. Furthermore, the effects of three crucial parameters on the performance of the EPSO for DELD problem are studied as well. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method are demonstrated for three examples and the test results are compared with those of other methods reported in the literature. It is shown that the proposed method is capable of yielding higher‐quality solutions. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A copy number gain of the 6p arm is linked with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: an array‐based comparative genomic hybridization study
Authors: Chochi Yasuyo , Kawauchi Shigeto , Nakao Motonao , Furuya Tomoko , Hashimoto Kiichiro , Oga Atunori , Oka Masaaki , Sasaki Kohsuke 
Published: November 2008

AbstractIn accordance with cancer progression, genomic aberrations accumulate in cancer cells in a stepwise fashion. However, whether there are genomic changes linked with tumour progression remains unclarified. The purpose of this study is to elucidate the relationship between genomic alterations and clinical stages in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A technology of array‐based CGH using DNA chips spotted with 1440 BAC clones was applied to 42 surgically removed HCCs to examine the DNA copy number aberrations. A frequent copy number gain was detected on chromosomal regions 1q, 8q and Xq. In particular, gains of 1q42.12, 1q43 and 8q24.3 were detected in more than 65% of tumours. A frequent copy number loss was detected on chromosomal regions 1p, 4q, 6q, 8p and 17p. Losses of 8p21 and 17p13 were detected in more than 55% of HCCs. However, the DNA copy number gains of clones on 6p and 8q24.12 were more frequent in stage III/IV tumours than in stage I/II tumours (p < 0.001). In particular, the gain of the whole 6p was virtually limited to advanced‐staged HCCs. The gain of the whole 6p is suggested to be a genomic marker for the late stages in HCCs. These observations therefore support the concept of genomic staging in HCC. Copyright © 2008 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
IntelliMS: A platform to efficiently manage and visualize tandem mass spectral data
Authors: Kwon Min‐Seok , Lee Hyoung‐Joo , Jeong Seul‐Ki , Lee Eun‐Young , Cho Sang Yun , Paik Young‐Ki 
Published: November 2008

AbstractWith the development of high‐speed mass spectrometric techniques, it becomes important to manage large amounts of spectrometric data accurately. We have developed a new data management system with a visualization function named IntelliMS, which can load data into a search engine, filter out the insignificant data, create diagrams of the identification process from spectra to protein and share all the resulting datasets. This software can be used to efficiently manage complicated mass spectral data and the corresponding protein identification information obtained from various proteomics analyses.
2‐D DIGE profiling of hepatocellular carcinoma tissues identified isoforms of far upstream binding protein (FUBP) as novel candidates in liver carcinogenesis
Authors: Zubaidah Ramdzan M. , Tan Gek San , Tan Sandra B. E. , Lim Seng Gee , Lin Qingsong , Chung Maxey C. M. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major cause of cancer worldwide and is often characterized by aggressive tumour behaviour and poor prognosis. One of the major etiologies is hepatitis B or C virus (HBV or HCV) infections. In order to better comprehend the molecular mechanisms involved in HCC progression, we performed a systematic analysis on moderately and poorly differentiated human HCC tissues using 2‐D DIGE coupled to MALDI‐TOF/TOF MS. A total of 52 and 26 proteins were found to be dysregulated in moderately and poorly differentiated HCC tissues, respectively. For the first time, the over‐expression of a novel protein family, far upstream binding proteins (FUBPs) was identified in both stages of HCC and confirmed by western blots. FUBPs are of particular interest due to their transcriptional activity on the oncogene, c‐myc. It has generally been accepted that c‐myc plays an important role in HCC progression but its exact activators remain poorly understood. Interestingly, we also observed elevated c‐myc levels in the tissues used in this study by western blot analysis. We therefore propose that the FUBP family of proteins may be one of the possible upstream players that are involved in modulating the c‐myc levels in HCC tumorigenesis.
A method based on bead flows for spot detection on 2‐D gel images
Authors: Langella Olivier , Zivy Michel 
Published: November 2008

AbstractA method has been developed to detect spots on 2‐D gel images. It is based on an analogy with beads flowing uphill on the surface of the gel image and on the analysis of their paths. This method does not need image smoothing, thereby allowing for conservation of the resolution of the original image. In addition, it allows for the detection of overlapping spots, even when there is no valley between their centres.
Effect of nanoscale confinement on the glass transition temperature of free‐standing polymer films: Novel, self‐referencing fluorescence method
Authors: Kim Soyoung , Roth Connie B. , Torkelson John M. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe effect of nanoscale confinement on the glass transition temperature, Tg, of freely standing polystyrene (PS) films was determined using the temperature dependence of a fluorescence intensity ratio associated with pyrene dye labeled to the polymer. The ratio of the intensity of the third fluorescence peak to that of the first fluorescence peak in 1‐pyrenylmethyl methacrylate‐labeled PS (MApyrene‐labeled PS) decreased with decreasing temperature, and the intersection of the linear temperature dependences in the rubbery and glassy states yielded the measurement of Tg. The sensitivity of this method to Tg was also shown in bulk, supported PS and poly(isobutyl methacrylate) films. With free‐standing PS films, a strong effect of confinement on Tg was evident at thicknesses less than 80–90 nm. For MApyrene‐labeled PS with Mn = 701 kg mol−1, a 41‐nm‐thick film exhibited a 47 K reduction in Tg relative to bulk PS. A strong molecular weight dependence of the Tg‐confinement effect was also observed, with a 65‐nm‐thick free‐standing film exhibiting a reduction in Tg relative to bulk PS of 19 K with Mn = 701 kg mol−1 and 31 K with Mn = 1460 kg mol−1. The data are in reasonable agreement with results of Forrest, Dalnoki‐Veress, and Dutcher who performed the seminal studies on Tg‐confinement effects in free‐standing PS films. The utility of self‐referencing fluorescence for novel studies of confinement effects in free‐standing films is discussed. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 46: 2754–2764, 2008