bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La mobilité des troupeaux dans le sud de la France : hier, aujourd’hui et demain
Authors: MALZAC Agathe , JOUVEN Magali , FABRE Patrick 
Published: April 2024

Cet article propose une synthèse bibliographique sur la mobilité des troupeaux dans le sud de la France, en se concentrant sur ses dimensions organisationnelle et technique. Une trentaine d’enquêtes menées par les auteurs amènent le point de vue d’éleveurs. La mobilité peut être locale ou de longue distance, et impliquer ou non des variations d’altitude. La mobilité saisonnière suivant un gradient altitudinal est bien connue : transhumance estivale vers les pâturages d’altitude, transhumance hivernale vers les plaines et les zones périméditerranéennes. La transhumance est documentée depuis des siècles dans le sud de la France, et sa pratique a évolué dans le temps. Au XXIe siècle, elle reste répandue et mobilise des moyens et technologies modernes. Quelle que soit sa forme, la mobilité permet d’offrir au troupeau, aussi longtemps que possible, des ressources pastorales* en quantité et qualité suffisantes ; elle favorise ainsi des systèmes économes et autonomes. La présence temporaire des troupeaux est compatible avec le multi-usage des espaces. Dans les exploitations qui la pratiquent, la mobilité économise des intrants, allège parfois le travail de l’éleveur et permet d’assurer le bien-être du troupeau. Sa mise en œuvre nécessite des précautions sanitaires et une bonne coordination entre acteurs. L’augmentation régulière de la pression de prédation par le loup est un frein majeur à la mobilité des troupeaux, en particulier ovins. Pour maintenir voire développer la mobilité, il faudra proposer de nouveaux outils (matériels, législatifs et administratifs) de gestion de la prédation, mieux documenter la pratique et poursuivre l’accompagnement du multi-usage des espaces.
Optimizing Learning Across Multimodal Transfer Features for Modelling Olfactory Perception
Authors: Shin Daniel , Pei Gao , Kumari Priyadarshini , Besold Tarek R. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

For humans and other animals, the sense of smell provides crucial information in many situations of everyday life. Still, the study of olfactory perception has received only limited attention outside of the biological sciences. From an AI perspective, the complexity of the interactions between olfactory receptors and volatile molecules and the scarcity of comprehensive olfactory datasets present unique challenges in this sensory domain. Previous works have explored the relationship between molecular structure and odor descriptors using fully supervised training approaches. However, these methods are data-intensive and poorly generalized due to labeled data scarcity, particularly for rare-class samples.
Our study partially tackles the challenges of data scarcity and label skewness through multimodal transfer learning. We investigate the potential of large molecular foundation models trained on extensive unlabeled molecular data to effectively model olfactory perception. Additionally, we explore the integration of different molecular representations, including molecular graphs and text-based SMILES encodings, to achieve data efficiency and generalization of the learned model, particularly on sparsely represented classes. By leveraging complementary representations, we aim to learn robust perceptual features of odorants. However, we observe that traditional methods of combining modalities do not yield substantial gains in high-dimensional skewed label spaces. To address this challenge, we introduce a novel \emph{label-balancer} technique specifically designed for high-dimensional multi-label and multi-modal training. The label-balancer technique distributes learning objectives across modalities to optimize collaboratively for distinct subsets of labels. Our results suggest that multi-modal transfer features learned using the label-balancer technique are more effective and robust, surpassing the capabilities of traditional uni- or multi-modal approaches, particularly on rare-class samples.
Association between cytokine and increased risk of death in ART- naïve and ART-non-adherence patients hospitalized with advanced HIV disease
Authors: Mota Wellington , Santana Monique F , Baptista Bárbara J , Almeida Taynná VR , Salimo Zeca M , Balieiro Antônio A S , Costa Allyson G , Ibiapina Hiochelson N dos S , Carvalho Andrea T , Martins-Filho Olindo A , Chaves Yury O , Lacerda Marcus VG , Benzaken Adele S , Ferreira Luiz C L , Nogueira Paulo A 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Despite significant progress made in healthcare for PLWHA, many patients still present or re-visit healthcare centers, with advanced HIV disease, increasing their risk of death. The main causes of advanced disease are late initiation of treatment and low adherence to ART. Soluble immunological markers have prognostic significance in clinical medicine, but it is not clear whether irregular use of ART influences levels of circulating cytokines. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the association of cytokines to predict mortality among hospitalized PLWHA. In addition, the study evaluated the greater risk of death between ART-naive and ART-non-adherent HIV + patients with advanced disease and quantified the levels of immunological markers in postmortem whole blood samples to assess if they can be influenced by irregular use of ART.
Methods
Longitudinal observational study was carried out at the Fundação de Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado (FMT-HVD) in Manaus, Brazil. In total, 111 participants were conveniently recruited between 2019 to 2021. Clinical and laboratory data were obtained from electronic medical records. From patient plasma samples, 27 types of cytokines/chemokines were measured using the Luminex Multiplex Assay within 72 hours of patient admission and 6 hours after death.
Results
Respiratory syndromes being the main causes of hospitalization. Pulmonary tuberculosis, neurotoxoplasmosis and oropharyngeal-esophageal candidiasis were the most prevalent opportunistic infections. The risk of death is higher among ART-naïve PLWHA. The levels of most of the 27 immunological markers were higher in those who died and post-mortem than those who were discharged from hospitalization. The increased levels of IFNγ, CCL2 and CCL3 were associated with death and increased levels of immunological markers in ART-naïve PLWH were associated with CD4 cell counts. The multivariate model showed that among post-mortem immunological markers, increased IL-17 was associated with ART-naïve PLWHA, while increased IFNγ was associated with ART experienced individuals.
Conclusions
ART-naïve PLWHA hospitalized with advanced disease have a higher risk of death. Some immunological markers are possible predictors of death upon hospital admission due to HIV/AIDS, and their levels increased at post-mortem. Our findings suggest a polarized response to IL-17 and IFNγ among ART-naïve and ART-experienced PLWHA, respectively.
Prebiotic fibre mixtures counteract the manifestation of gut microbial dysbiosis induced by the chemotherapeutic 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) in a validated in vitro model of the colon
Authors: Ziemons Janine , Hillege Lars E. , Aarnoutse Romy , de Vos-Geelen Judith , Iersel Liselot Valkenburg-van , Mastenbroek Jasper , Geel Robin van , Barnett David J. M. , Rensen Sander S. , Helvoort Ardy van , Dopheide Lotte H. J. , Roeselers Guus , Penders John , Smidt Marjolein L. , Venema Koen 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is used as an antineoplastic agent in distinct cancer types. Increasing evidence suggests that the gut microbiota might modulate 5-FU efficacy and toxicity, potentially affecting the patient’s prognosis. The current experimental study investigated 5-FU-induced microbiota alterations, as well as the potential of prebiotic fibre mixtures to counteract these shifts.
Methods
A pooled microbial consortium was derived from ten healthy donors, inoculated in an in vitro model of the colon, and treated with 5-FU, with or without prebiotic fibre mixtures for 72 hours.
Results
We identified 5-FU-induced changes in gut microbiota composition, but not in microbial diversity. Administration of four different prebiotic fibre mixtures during 5-FU influenced gut microbiota composition and taxa abundance. Amongst others, prebiotic fibre mixtures successfully stimulated potentially beneficial bacteria (Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Anaerostipes, Weissela, Olsenella, Senegalimassilia) and suppressed the growth of potentially pathogenic bacteria (Klebsiella, Enterobacter) in the presence of 5-FU. The short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) acetate increased slightly during 5-FU, but even more during 5-FU with prebiotic fibre mixtures, while propionate was lower due to 5-FU with or without prebiotic fibre mixtures, compared to control. The SCFA butyrate and valerate did not show differences among all conditions. The BCFA iso-butyrate and iso-valerate were higher in 5-FU, but lower in 5-FU + prebiotics, compared to control.
Conclusions
These data suggest that prebiotic fibre mixtures represent a promising strategy to modulate 5-FU-induced microbial dysbiosis towards a more favourable microbiota, thereby possibly improving 5-FU efficacy and reducing toxicity, which should be evaluated further in clinical studies.
Modelling Depression Treatment and HIV CareCascade Dynamics in Kenya
Authors: Chemutai Josiline , Waema Rachel , Mwalili Samuel Musili 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

HIV/AIDS has become one of the major global health burdens and threat to public health. By the end of 2021, 38.4 million people globally were living with HIV and over 1.4 million people live with HIV in Kenya. The ''HIV care cascade'' serves as an individual-level tool for evaluating HIV care and treatment results and a population-level paradigm for estimating the percentage of HIV-positive individuals in a given region who are participating in each subsequent phase. Several factors have been highlighted to influence the HIV care cascade and among this is depression which influences the improvements in ART service provision; diagnosis of people living with HIV and AIDS (PLWHA), linkages to care, continued engagement in HIV care and retention in HIV care which are crucial in attaining the 95% on ART target in the sub-Saharan region. Thus, This study employed mathematical compartmental modeling to investigate the impact of depression treatment on the HIV care cascade dynamics in Kenya. A deterministic compartmental model of the depression and HIV care cascade was developed from a system of Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs). The basic reproduction number was evaluated using the next generation matrix. The numerical results showed that improving depression treatment can positively influence the HIV care cascade, leading to improved outcomes, such as higher rates of testing, linkage, adherence, retention, and viral suppression. The study highlights the importance of integrating depression treatment into HIV care services and provides valuable insights for policymakers and healthcare providers on how to improve the HIV care cascade dynamics in Kenya.
Telehealth Service Utilization among Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study in Bangladesh
Authors: Jamil Safayet , Akter Masuda , Akter Shimpi , Akter Sopon , Koly Anar , Hossain Md Ikbal , Kabir Humayun , Hasan Md. Kamrul 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Telehealth is an essential aspect of making it easier for individuals to access healthcare, especially now that healthcare technology has advanced. As a result, both developed and developing countries are increasing the utilization of telehealth services. Our study investigated the relationship of knowledge, perceived benefit, perceived concern, and predisposition with telehealth service utilization in Bangladesh. This cross-sectional study was conducted from May 22, 2021, to June 15, 2021. A total of 1252 respondents were recruited by following a convenient sampling technique. The outcome variable of this study was telehealth service utilization. The explanatory variables included telehealth-related knowledge, perceived benefit, perceived concern, and predisposition, as well as demographic information and perceived health status. The binary logistic regression models were used to investigate the association between the explanatory and outcome variables. The participants utilized the telehealth service in the past six months was 16.61%. Increased knowledge and perceived benefit scores were associated with higher utilization of telehealth services, while higher self-reported concern was associated with a lower likelihood of utilization of telehealth services. The lower education and rural residency were associated with a lower likelihood of telehealth service utilization.
Assessing the Validity and Reliability of the Indonesian Version of Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Global Health
Authors: Biben Vitriana , Arisanti Farida , Fitriana Efi , Maklun Erika , Miguna Vindy Margaretha , Alviani Nabilla Fikria 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
The assessment of Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) is an essential clinical outcome, focusing on the subjective perception of individuals regarding their health status in the physical, mental, and social dimensions. However, HRQoL assessment in large-scale studies and mass inspections presents various challenges, necessitating the development of non-burdensome instrument. A promising instrument in this context is PROMIS Global Health, a widely used English tool, which requires translation, validation, and cross-cultural testing for non-English populations, such as Indonesia. Therefore, this study aimed to validate and assess the reliability of the Indonesian version of Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Global Health for comprehensive HRQoL assessment.
Methods
The sample population comprised 343 participants, including patients, caregivers, and residents of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. PROMIS Global Health was subjected to translation and cultural adaptation using the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy (FACIT) method. Subsequently, the content validity test was carried out using S-CVI assessment of 5 experts, and the internal validity was evaluated with Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). The reliability test was performed with Cronbach's Alpha for internal consistency as well as the test-retest method for external consistency and item discrimination analysis.
Results
Questions or statements in the Indonesian version of PROMIS Global Health based on S-CVI/Universal Agreement (0.90), χ2/df (1.53), RMSEA (0.04), RMR (0.03), and CFI (0.99). The reliability results showed that Chronbach's Alpha score for Global Physical Health (GPH) and Global Mental Health (GMH) was 0.61 and 0.77, respectively. In addition, the test-retest method showed a good correlation (GPH r = 0.727, p < 0.05; GMH r = 0.701, p < 05) with item analysis factor loading of > 0.3.
Conclusion
Based on the results, the validity and reliability tests showed that questions or statements in PROMIS Global Health were valid and reliable.
White matter alterations associated with chronic cannabis use disorder: a structural network and fixel-based analysis
Authors: Suo Chao , Yücel Murat , Maleki Suzan , Hendrikse Joshua , Richardson Karyn , Segrave Rebecca , hughes Sam , Kayayan Edouard , Oldham Stuart , Syeda Warda , Coxon James , Caeyenberghs Karen , Dominguezduque Juan , Solowij Nadia , Lubman Dan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Cannabis use disorder (CUD) is associated with adverse mental health effects, as well as social and cognitive impairment. Given prevalence rates of CUD are increasing, there is considerable efforts, and need, to identify prognostic markers which may aid in minimising any harms associated with this condition. Previous neuroimaging studies have revealed changes in white matter (WM) organization in people with CUD, though, findings are mixed. In this study, we applied MRI-based analysis techniques that offer complimentary mechanistic insights, i.e., a connectome approach and fixel-based analysis (FBA) to investigate properties of individual WM fibre populations and their microstructure across the entire brain, providing a highly sensitive approach to detect subtle changes and overcome limitations of previous diffusion models. We compared 56 individuals with CUD (median age 25 years) to a sample of 38 healthy individuals (median age 31.5 years). Compared to controls, those with CUD had significantly increased structural connectivity strength (FDR corrected) across 9 edges between the right parietal cortex and several cortical and subcortical regions, including left orbitofrontal, left temporal pole, and left hippocampus and putamen. Utilizing FBA, WM density was significantly higher in those with CUD (FWE corrected) across the splenium of corpus callosum, and lower in bilateral cingulum and right cerebellum. We observed significant correlation between cannabis use over the past month and connectivity strength of the frontoparietal edge, and between age of regular use and WM density of the bilateral cingulum and right cerebellum. Our findings enhance the understanding of WM architecture alterations associated with CUD.
IFN-beta promotes RSAD2 expression and Lupus plasma cell differentiation via DNA Demethylation
Authors: mei yang , Li Xi , Xin Yue , He Zhenghao , Chen Yongjian , Yao Hongmei , Yang Ming , Wu Haijing 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease, in which the pathogenesis is revealed as abnormalities in B cells with no clear mechanism. Radical s-adenosyl methionine domain-containing 2 (RSAD2) is an interferon-stimulated gene (ISG), and it has been found to play an important role in innate immunity. Recent years the function of RSAD2 in autoimmune diseases, but its still unknown for RSAD2 in B cells from SLE patients still.
Result
In this study, we found RSAD2 was abnormal in SLE by analysis of database, which was relative with interferon (IFN). Further, we found that RSAD2 in peripheral blood B cell subsets was generally higher in SLE patients than healthy controls (HCs). In the meantime, differentiated B cells showed significantly higher expression of RSAD2 than naïve B cells in human tonsils. In the functional study in vitro, the frequencies of differentiated B cells and the expression of RSAD2 were enhanced by interferon-β (IFN-β). Simultaneously, the frequency of plasma cells (PC) was significantly reduced in sorted peripheral CD19+ B cells which was knock-down RSAD2 and stimulated with IFN-β. Mechanically, IFN-β can induce the hypomethylation of RSAD2 in B cells in vitro, which might be one of mechanisms for increased expression level of RSAD2 in B cells from SLE patients.
Conclusion
This study uncovered that IFN-β up-regulated the expression of RSAD2 by down-regulating the methylation of it to promote B cell differentiation.
Skeletal Muscle Mass Loss with Use of Dual GLP-1/GIP Receptor Agonist Tirzepatide: CaseReport and Review of Literature
Authors: Zinn Jessica , Poretsky Leonid 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Obesity is a complex chronic disease which poses a significant impact on health and wellbeing. While lifestyle modifications remain important in the treatment of obesity, incretins, such as glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and the dual incretin receptor agonist tirzepatide, have revolutionized diabetes and weight management. We report a 69-year old male initially presenting with a BMI of 31.2 kg/m2 and hemoglobin A1c of 5.9%, whose treatment with tirzepatide resulted in a reduction of weight by 28.7 lbs and a decrease in BMI to 26.8 kg/m2. Patient however, also experienced a 9.9 lb loss of skeletal muscle mass. Multiple studies have demonstrated that treatment with tirzepatide results in significant improvement in HgbA1c as well as meaningful weight loss. Although the loss of skeletal muscle mass has been well described with the use of GLP-1 receptor agonists, there is little information regarding the effect of dual GLP-1/GIP receptor agonist tirzepatide on skeletal muscle mass. We provide a detailed case study and a literature review on this topic.
Does Living Alone Jeopardize Seniors’ Mental Health? Evidence from China
Authors: Wang Haolin , Sun Bing 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Solitary living has gradually gained popularity in China. From a spatial perspective, this trend weakens the emotional connections between parents and children, a fundamental concept in Confucianism. This has raised concerns about the mental health of older adults who live alone. Despite prior research having evaluated the influence of solitary living on seniors’ mental health in different cultures, there remains controversy about these conclusions.
Methods: This article adopted fixed effect model to analyze three sets of data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study based on different family cultures reflected by living arrangements and mental health.
Results: The results indicate that living alone reduces seniors’ depression levels by 0.322 (P< 0.01). The positive effects generated by solitary living on seniors’ mental health originate from living close to their children. This living style effectively balances the need for individual independence and the demand for maintaining close family relationships, reconciling intergenerational family cultures.Differences in family cultures are also identified between rural and urban areas. This study indicates that living alone is good for the mental health of seniors in rural areas; however, no significant effects were found for older adults in urban areas. This difference is likely because living distantly from their children has increased the depression levels of seniors in urban areas.
Discussion: As living close to their children positively impacts seniors’ mental health, policymakers are advised to focus on enhancing local government’s capabilities to absorb employment. Special emphasis should be placed on incentivizing migrant workers in urban areas to consider returning to their hometowns to initiate entrepreneurial ventures or seek employment opportunities.
The minimum mass ratio of W UMa-type contact binaries --- a new calculation
Authors: Zhang Xu-Dong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
A model is developed to establish the relationship between the critical gyration radius k of the primary component and the mass ratio (q) by considering the different dimensionless gyration radii of main-sequence stars with varying masses. The next step involves obtaining the low mass ratio limit (qmin= 0.038 - 0.041 for overcontact degree f = 0 - 1) of W UMa-type contact binaries. Furthermore, the radial density distributions are estimated within the range of 0.3 Msun - 4.0 Msun, based on the mass-radius relationship of main-sequence stars. Subsequently, the physical meaning of the minimum k value is proposed, which leads to an explanation for the cause of the minimum mass ratio. Finally, a stability criterion is proposed, which is based on both the mass ratio (q) and the mass of the primary component (M1).