bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of splenectomy on pulmonary metastasis and growth of SC42 carcinoma transplanted into mouse liver
Authors: Imai Shiro , Nio Yoshinori , Shiraishi Takahiro , Tsubono Michihiko , Morimoto Hideki , Tseng Chen‐Chiu , Kawabata Kazuya , Masai Yoshikazu , Tobe Takayoshi 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe carcinoma SC42 was transplanted into the liver of its syngeneic mice DS, and the immunological integrity of the spleen and the effects of splenectomy on the growth and pulmonary metastasis of the liver tumor were assessed. On day 7 after liver tumor transplantation, the natural killer (NK) activity of the splenocytes was significantly elevated; it subsequently decreased at a later stage of the tumor. The response of the splenocytes to PHA and Con‐A decreased significantly from the early stage of the tumor. However, the mixed lymphocyte‐tumor cell reaction increased significantly from day 14 to day 28. The survival rate of the mice, which had undergone simultaneous splenectomy and liver tumor transplantation, was significantly lower than that of sham‐operated control mice. The number of pulmonary metastases in splenectomized mice was significantly greater than in the control mice. There was, however, no difference between the two groups in the weight of the liver tumor. By contrast, splenectomies performed 14 days before or 14 days after tumor transplantation had no significant influence on the survival of the mice. Splenectomies performed on day 0 and on day 3 after tumor transplantation significantly increased the number of pulmonary metastases, Furthermore, the intravenous injection of anti‐asialo GM1 antisera on day 0 and day 3 significantly increased the number of pulmonary metastases, but injection of anti‐Thy 1,2 antisera had no effect. These results suggest that splenic NK cells may play an important role in the suppression of pulmonary metastasis at early stages of the liver tumor.
Prognostic factors in japanese patients with colorectal cancer: The significance of large bowel obstruction—univariate and multivariate analyses
Authors: Korenaga Daisuke , Ueo Hiroaki , Mochida Kazuyuki , Kusumoto Tetsuya , Baba Hideo , Tamura Shigeaki , Moriguchi Sunao , Sugimachi Keizo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn order to define prognostic factors in colorectal carcinoma, univariate and multivariate analyses were carried out on data from 113 Japanese patients treated in a typical general hospital in Japan. In the univariate analysis, a poor prognosis was seen in those with poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, in tumors that perforated the visceral peritoneum or that invaded directly other organs or structures (T4), in metastasis to the nodes along the main vascular pedicle (N3), in lymphatic permeation, in blood vessel invasion, in peritoneal dissemination, in Dukes C stage, and in those with lesions presenting with large bowel obstruction. Of these, only lymph node metastasis and peritoneal dissemination had an independent prognostic significance when a multivariate Cox analysis was performed. The significant risk factors related to an obstructing tumor were determined by multivariate logistic regression analysis. The significant variables were patient's age, nodal involvement and peritoneal dissemination. Since lymph node metastasis and peritoneal dissemination proved significant in both multivariate analyses, we propose that the presence of large bowel obstruction is not an independent prognostic factor in patients with colorectal carcinoma. In poor‐risk patients who have an obstructing tumor, a staged operation should be attempted for definitive curative surgery.
Gynecological malignancies, brain tumors, and familial adenomatous polyposis
Authors: Sohrabi A. K. , Phillips Jeffrey , Watne Alvin L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe syndrome of familial adenomatous polyposis has a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations including adenomatous polyps of the colon and small bowel, adenocarcinoma of ampulla of Vater, tumors of the central nervous system, bone lesions, and various soft tissue tumors. The one common denominator is colonic polyposis. It is not known whether this phenotypic heterogeneity is due to various genotypes, or if the entire clinical spectrum is due to one genetic defect.We are reporting the association of gynecologic malignancies with familial adenomatous polyposis as an additional variant of this disease. This report is on two sisters from a family with familial polyposis coli who developed adenomatous polyposis of the colon, central nervous system tumors, and cancers of the ovary and uterus. The gynecological malignancies add another variant to this clinical syndrome.
Results of treatment and lessons learned from pathologically staged T4 non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: MacChiarini Paolo , Silvano Giovanni , Janni Alberto , Mussi Alfredo , Chella Antonio , Angeletti Carlo A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractDepending on the local extension of primary non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and invaded T4 structure(s), 49 patients underwent complete (CR, n = 14) or palliative (PR, n = 13) resection or exploratory thoracotomy (ET, n = 22) between January 1982 and June 1988. Thoracic radiotherapy (TR) was given to all patients receiving PR (median dose, 43 Gy) and ET (median dose, 53 Gy). With a median follow‐up of 44 months, overall 2‐ and 5‐year survival was 25 and 5%, respectively. Patients undergoing ET plus TR had a significantly worse survival than those treated by CR (P= 0.041) and PR plus TR (P= 0.046). Only completely resected patients became long‐term survivors (5‐year survival, 29%) and significant predictors of their survival were previous weight loss, hemoglobin, and creatinine level, in univariate analysis, and previous weight loss in multivariate analysis. The site of initial treamtent failure was mainly local for PR plus TR (85%) and systemic for CR (71 %) and ET plus TR (86%). Presented results suggest that surgery might play a role for selected patients with T4 NSCLC, but advances in systemic and local therapy are necessary.
A myocutaneous flap for closure of upper arm amputations for uncontrolled axillary tumors
Authors: Norman James , Cox Charles , Cruse C. Wayne , Wells Karen , Reintgen Douglas 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTumor spread or recurrence in the axilla is usually treated with nodal dissections. At times disease recurrence is uncontrolled, causing significant morbidity including pain, bleeding, lymphedema, and neurologic symptoms. Previously, forequarter amputation has been the treatment for this problem, resulting in a significant cosmetic and functional deficit. This report describes a novel myocutaneous flap that can be used to cover soft tissue defects after major disarticulations of the upper extremity. The deltoid myocutaneous flap has been used to successfully treat three patients with uncontrolled tumors in the axilla and preserve the shoulder structures to lessen the functional deficit.
A mathematical computer simulation model for the development of colonic polyps and colon cancer
Authors: Mehl Lewis E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCurrently known information about the development and progression of colon polyps and cancer is summarized and organized into a mathematical computer simulation model that successfully predicts the natural history of colon polyp and cancer development for an average patient with (1) familial polyposis coli (2) genetic susceptibility as measured by a positive family history, and (3) negative family history with a high fat diet. The mathematical model uses four distinct types of cells (normal, transformed, polypoid, and cancerous) and two kinetic processes (mutation and promotion). Arachidonic acid metabolites play a role in the model in the promotion of cancer from polyps, and account for that promotion through: (1) their effect on encouraging more polypoid cells in mitosis to move toward cancer; and (2) their immunosuppressive effect over time. The model also shows that one defect in allowing more cells to mutate to the transformed state is sufficient to account for the chain of events leading to the clinical sequelae of familial polyposis coli. A second genetic effect at another point in the process is unnecessary. The mechanism of action of Sulindac on colon polyps is explained by the model through inhibition of production of arachidonic acid metabolites, most notably prostaglandin E.
Proliferation index in various stages of breast cancer determined by ki‐67 immunostaining
Authors: Pence Jeffrey C. , Kizilbash Ali M. , Kerns Billie‐Jo M. , Marks Jeffrey R. , Iglehart J. Dirk 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTo investigate factors involved in progression of breast cancer, we estimated the growth fraction of malignant cell populations in various stages of mammary cancer growth. Frozen sections were immunostained with the Ki‐67 monoclonal antibody and the proliferation index determined using static image analysis. Pure intraductal carcinoma, intraductal carcinoma coexisting with invasive disease, and metastatic sites coexisting with primary tumors were studied. The proliferation index of pure intraductal carcinomas (mean 4.5%, median 1.8%) was not significantly different from invasive mammary cancers (mean 5.1%, median 2.2%). The proliferation index determined for the in situ component of primary cancers (mean 3.8%, median 1.5%) was not significantly different from values obtained from the invasive component of growth (mean 4.2%, median 2.1%). Variability between in situ and invasive components for individual cases was minimal in tumors whose proliferation index was less than 3.0%; for tumors with higher proliferation indices, the differences were greater. However, there was no trend toward a decrease or increase in growth fraction for the two components of primary tumor growth. The mean proliferative index for primary tumors (mean 4.9%, median 4.0%) was not significantly different from the mean proliferative score from a matched group of metastatic sites in the same patients (mean 5.7%, median 5.5%). Comparison of individual cases uncovered differences in some tumors; again no consistent trends in either direction were noted. An increase (or decrease) in growth activity does not accompany the transition from intraductal (in situ) disease to invasive mammary cancer, nor does a change in growth fraction necessarily accompany progression of mammary cancer from the primary to regional metastatic site.
Five‐year survival for cisplatin‐based chemotherapy versus single‐agent melphalan in patients with advanced ovarian cancer and optimal debulking surgery
Authors: Piver M. Steven , Fanning James , Sprance Henry E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate 5‐year survival and 5‐year progression‐free survival in previously untreated patients with advanced ovarian cancer treated with single‐agent melphalan in which very few patients underwent optimal debulking surgery (<2 cm residual) as compared with the patients treated with Cisplatin‐based chemotherapy in which most patients underwent optimal debulking surgery. Significant increases in 5‐year survival and 5‐year progression‐free survival were noted as we changed from the melphalan trial, in which only 14% underwent optimal debulking surgery, to PAC‐H, in which 57% and the PAC trial in which 90%, respectively, underwent optimal debulking surgery. However, for those patients whose tumors were optimally debulked in the three trials, there were no statistically significant differences in median survival, median progression‐free survival, 5‐year survival, or 5‐year progression‐free survival in those patients treated with melphalan, PAC‐H, or PAC. Without optimal debulking surgery, Cisplatin‐based multiagent chemotherapy offered a small survival advantage. These results are similar to that reported by Gruppo Interregionale Cooperativo Oncologico Ginecologia, in which survival curves were identical for all the subgroups of chemotherapy regimens for those patients with residual disease <2 cm at the onset of chemotherapy whether they received (1) cyclophosphamide; (2) cyclophosphamide and Adriamycin; (3) cyclophosphamide, Adriamycin, and Cisplatin; (4) cyclophosphamide, Adriamycin, and hexamethylmelamine; (5) Cisplatin and cyclophosphamide; (6) low‐dose Cisplatin; (7) high‐dose Cisplatin; or (8) carboplatin [7].
Effects of antiplatelet agents alone or in combinations on platelet aggregation and on liver metastases from a human pancreatic adenocarcinoma in the nude mouse
Authors: Tzanakakis George N. , Agarwal Kailash C. , Veronikis Dionysios K. , Vezeridis Michael P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThere is ample evidence to suggest that hematogenous metastasis may be related to the ability of tumor cells to promote aggregation of host platelets. Arachidonic acid metabolism in platelets and vessel walls may also contribute to the metastatic process. Several preliminary trials of platelet inhibitory agents have been performed. Ketoconazole (inhibitor of lipoxygenase and thromboxane synthetase), verapamil (calcium antagonist), forskolin (stimulator of platelet adenylate cyclase), and indomethacin (inhibitor of cyclooxygenase) were examined, alone and in combination, to investigate their effects on platelet aggregation and on hepatic metastases from human pancreatic tumor cells (RWP‐2) in nude mice. The tumor cells were injected intrasplenically, and the animals were divided into control, single‐drug and combination treatment groups. The agents were administered intraperitoneally 1 hr before and every 24 hr after the tumor cell injections for 6 days. Statistically significant differences were observed between the control and single‐treatment groups on the reduction of liver tumor nodules (range P < 0.001–0.032) and in the liver surface areas occupied by tumor (range P < 0.001–0.013). Furthermore, when these agents were combined, similar reductions in liver tumor nodules were noted (range P < 0.001–0.008), while even greater inhibitory effects were seen in the liver surface areas occupied by tumor (P < 0.001) compared with the single‐treatment groups. Also, the combination studies strongly inhibited RWP‐2‐induced platelet aggregation in human plateletrich plasma.
Lymphoepithelioma‐like carcinoma of the lung
Authors: Miller Barry , Montgomery Charles , Watne Alvin L. , Johnson Dan , Bailey Tim , Kowalski Ronald 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHistorically lymphoepithelioma was a term used to describe an undifferentiated mucosal carcinoma with a lymphocytic component arising only from the nasopharynx, although recently, lymphoepithelioma‐like carcinoma has been found to occur as a primary tumor of the lung. Thus far, five patients have been documented as having this rare anatomical presentation. The patient that is being presented is the latest case of lymphoepithelioma‐like carcinoma of the lung and will be compared clinically and histologically with the other four cases. The case is presented in order to discuss optimal methods of diagnoses and treatment for this condition.
Prognostic factors in laryngeal cancer patients submitted to surgical treatment
Authors: Kowalski Luiz P. , Franco Eduardo L. , Sobrinho Jozias De Andrade , Oliveira Benedito V. , Pontes Paulo L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe authors studied some demographic, clinical, pathologic, and therapeutic variables in relation to the disease‐free interval (DFI) and to the overall survival of laryngeal cancer patients. The patient population consisted of 278 consecutive cases of primary laryngeal cancer who had been admitted to four head and neck surgery services in Sao Paulo and Curitiba (Brazil) between 1973 and 1986. All patients had surgical treatment. Although several variables exhibited individual associations with survival, only a few were deemed to have independent prognostic value using multivariate regression techniques based on Cox's proportional hazards model. The primary tumor stage (T index) represented the variable with the highest predictive strength with respect to survival. Hazard ratios for the risk of disease recurrence were 2.3 (T2–3vs. T1) and 4.3 (T4vs. T1). Hazard ratios for the risk of death were 1.6 (T2–3vs. T1) and 3.3 (T4vs. T1). The following additional factors were also independently associated with the DFI: age, site of primary tumor (transglottic, glottic, or supraglottic), extracapsular spread of lymph node metastasis, surgical margins, type of paratracheal node dissection, and prior tracheostomy. Except for extracapsular spread, the same factors related to the DFI were also significantly related to the overall survival. Race, sex, N‐stage, vascular embolization, and histological grade were other independent predictors of the risk of death.
Lymph node metastasis in thoracic esophageal carcinoma
Authors: Kato Hoichi , Tachimori Yuji , Watanabe Hiroshi , Iizuka Toshifumi , Terui Shoji , Itabashi Masayuki , Hirota Teruyuki 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSeventy‐nine patients with thoracic esophageal carcinoma underwent transthoracic esophagectomy with neck, mediastinal, and abdominal lymphadenectomy. The operative mortality rate was 3.8%. Fifty‐seven patients (72.2%) had metastasis in the lymph nodes. Though three patients with carcinoma classified as pTis had no positive nodes, nine (50.0%) of the patients with a pT1 carcinoma had positive nodes. The 5‐year survival rate for 57 patients with positive nodes was 33.6%. Twenty‐nine patients (36.7%) had positive nodes in the neck; 47 (59.5%), in the mediastinum; and 33 (41.8%), in the abdomen. Their 5‐year survival rates were 30.0%, 24.4%, and 38.4%, respectively. The differences between these rates were not statistically significant. These results indicate that the neck lymph nodes should be regarded as part of the regional lymph nodes and that esophagectomy with wide lymph node dissection improves the long‐term survival of patients with thoracic esophageal carcinoma.
Pulmonary clear cell carcinoma
Authors: Inase Naohiko , Takayama Shigemitsu , Nakayama Morito , Miura Hirotaro , Kimula Yuji 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA case of pulmonary clear cell carcinoma is demonstrated. A large left lower lobe mass, without lymphadenopathy was detected on a screening chest X‐ray, and a left lower lobectomy was performed. The tumor was composed predominantly of clear cells with some areas showing cells typical for small cell carcinoma. Ultrastructurally, the larger clear cell had cytoplasm containing many rough endoplasmic reticuli and free ribosomes, while the smaller dark cell showed a serrated nucleus and scanty cytoplasm having many free ribosomes without neurosecretory granules. This is the first report on pulmonary clear cell carcinoma with small cell carcinoma patterns, and this case will throw doubt on the conclusion of previous studies that clear cell carcinoma is not a separate entity.
Heating efficiency of radiofrequency capacitive hyperthermia for treatment of deep‐seated tumors in the peritoneal cavity
Authors: Hamazoe Ryuichi , Maeta Michio , Murakami Atsunobu , Yamashiro Hiroshi , Kaibara Nobuaki 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe analyzed heating profiles from 318 hyperthermic treatments of 39 patients with recurrent or inoperable cancers of the digestive organs whose deep‐seated tumors were treated by radiofrequency (RF) capacitive heating of the abdominal region, and we investigated the heating efficiency and antitumor effect of such treatment. It was apparent that heating with a mean maximum RF output of 1,000 watts (700 watts at least), repeated four times or more, was necessary for a high rate of response by the tumor. Although it was difficult to heat tumors of the bile duct/pancreas to 42°C or more, there was a strong positive correlation between maximum output of RF energy and maximum temperature of tumors (r = 0.839, P < 0.001). The antitumor effect of RF hyperthermia was augmented with increasing output of RF energy. Therefore, the maximum level of RF output may be a useful index for expressing the heating efficiency with respect to intra‐abdominal deep‐seated tumors.
Diagnosis and management of sacrococcygeal chordoma
Authors: Bethke Kevin P. , Neifeld James P. , Lawrence Walter 
Published: February 2007

AbstractChordoma is a rare, slow‐growing but locally aggressive malignant tumor derived from the primitive notochord and located along the axial skeleton. Between 1973 and 1991, of 15 patients with chordomas treated at the Medical College of Virginia, eight originated in the sacrococcygeal area. There was a median one year interval between the onset of symptoms and diagnosis (range of four months to six years) for this latter group. Two patients had undergone coccygectomies and one patient a lumbar discectomy prior to establishing the correct diagnosis of sacral chordoma. Seven patients underwent resection and one refused therapy. The four patients who had an initial wide radical resection had a longer disease‐free survival than the three who underwent local excision. Three of four patients had metastatic disease at the time of death. Early diagnosis and aggressive initial surgical resection are necessary for long‐term survival.
Epidermoid cyst of the testicle in children
Authors: Pinski John V. , Greenfield Saul P. , Siddiqui Saeeda , Fisher John 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEpidermoid cyst of the testicle is rare in children and only four previous cases have been reported. We add two cases and discuss their presentation and management. Both children presented with solid testicular masses, one of which was asymptomatic and the other was painful. Physical examination and ultrasound could not differentiate between a benign and malignant process. One child underwent radical orchiectomy and one child underwent local excision alone. Both are free of disease at follow‐up.
Treatment of small intestinal fistulas with octreotide, a somatostatin analog
Authors: Boike Guy M. , Sightler Sterling E. , Averette Hervy E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThree patients with external small bowel fistulas were successfully treated with bowel rest, total parenteral nutrition, and the somatostatin analog, octreotide. Two of the patients had received prior multimodality therapy, including radiation, for gynecologic cancer. The time intervals to fistula closure were 2 days, 10 days, and 5 weeks after initiation of octreotide therapy. The efficacy of octreotide combined with total parenteral nutrition in the treatment of external enteric fistulas supports its routine use, especially in previously irradiated patients.
Distribution of 111 in‐bleomycin complex in small cell lung cancer cells by autoradiography
Authors: Hou De‐Yan , Maruyama Yosh 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe distribution of 111 In‐bleomycin Complex (111In‐BLMC) in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cells was studied by autoradiography. SCLC cells were exposed to 111In‐BLMC and 111Indium chloride (111InCl3) for 1 hour, 3 hours, and 4 hours; washed with fresh medium; and spread on slides. The slides were smeared with NTB2. (NTB3) emulsion by wet or dry‐mount technique and exposed 3 to 15 days. 111In‐BLMC was found to localize in the cell nucleus and nuclear membrane (78.3%); 111InCl3 located mainly in the cytoplasm (52.3%). This distribution of labeled BLM may explain the mechanism of killing SCLC cells by 111In‐BLMC.