bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rebecca (1940)Rebecca (1940)
Authors: Isaacs Bruce 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
“Rebecca (1940): The impure object of vision” focuses on the elaborate introduction to Manderley, comprising a set of three shots, and which represents one of Alfred Hitchcock’s most enticing formal compositions. From the opening reference to Luis Buñuel’s and Salvador Dalí’s surrealist landmark, Un Chien Andalou (1929), to the visual style that connects the gothic world of Daphne du Maurier’s novel to the Expressionist mise-en-scène aesthetics of F. W. Murnau and Fritz Lang, the sequence is an interrogation of cinema’s elemental visuality. This chapter argues that the introduction to Manderley was not only a forceful enunciation of a visual style for Hitchcock but that, in its impure assemblage of aesthetic currents of the European avant-garde, Rebecca represents a profound tension in the evolution of what Hitchcock later called “pure cinema.”
Rear Window (1954)Rear Window (1954)
Authors: Rossouw Martin P. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
“Rear Window (1954): Intermedialities of peeping in the plural” examines intermediality as an approach to film analysis by way of reappraising Alfred Hitchcock’s Rear Window (1954) and its renowned opening scene. Despite its meta-cinematic aspirations, Rear Window stages a multi-windowed plurality of sights that is anything but conventionally cinematic, and thus opens up the film to connections and exchanges with other media. The chapter details three distinct intermedial connections with Rear Window due to the plural spectacle that it puts on display: (a) multichannel television; (b) comic book page layout; and (c) apartment architecture. Guided by theorists like Irina Rajewski and Werner Wolf, each of these cases shows the extent to which Rear Window’s premise, visual style, and spectatorial affordances are invested in such other media—and hence how Hitchcock’s paragon of reflexive “pure cinema” perforce also bespeaks its own impurity.
The Man Who Knew Too Much (1956)The Man Who Knew Too Much (1956)
Authors: Carrigy Megan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
“The Man Who Knew Too Much (1956): Hitchcock remakes himself in Hollywood” examines Alfred Hitchcock’s star-studded Hollywood remake of his 1934 British film The Man Who Knew Too Much. Hitchcock is well known for relentlessly remaking aspects of his own work throughout his career. This chapter explores how the shot of Doris Day’s scream at the climax of the remake reworks the shot of Edna Best’s scream in the original and contextualizes both in relation to shots of women screaming across Hitchcock’s oeuvre. In doing so, it reflects on the transnational dimensions of Hitchcock’s career and situates his approach to intertextuality in relation to the wider phenomenon of Hollywood remakes.
Frenzy (1972)Frenzy (1972)
Authors: Robinson Luke 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
“Frenzy (1972): Pulling focus between a woman’s face and a face of death” turns its attention to one of Alfred Hitchcock’s most disconcerting shots—a facial close-up of “Babs” (Anna Massey) as the diegetic sounds of the Covent Garden market becomes mute, and the shot becomes soundless. Through a discussion of Gilles Deleuze and Béla Balázs’s theory of the close-up, this chapter argues this shot from Frenzy pulls focus between foregrounding an image of Babs’s thoughts and foregrounding a sonorous “face” of death that shadows her from behind. Indebted to Tania Modleski’s scholarship on Hitchcock, the face of death is identified with the violence of patriarchy that silences and erases women. The chapter concludes that Babs is an example of one of the many thinking women that populate Hitchcock’s films and that despite the threat of death and erasure that faces her, it is Babs’s story that dominates the screen.
Some People in Pittsburgh
Authors: Hart Adam Charles 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
“Some People in Pittsburgh” chronicles and analyzes how the early years of George A. Romero’s career shaped his debut feature film, Night of the Living Dead (1968). The chapter begins with discussion of a formative experience for 20-year-old Romero, his appearance in an early production of Jack Gelber’s The Connection, the structure of which would greatly influence Romero as a writer from Night on. It then analyzes Romero’s unfinished anthology film Expostulations (1961–1962) and his unfilmed project Whine of the Faun (1964), showing how themes Romero explored in those works appear in Night and in subsequent projects. Whine illustrates the influence of art house filmmakers Ingmar Bergman and Orson Welles on a young Romero, shaping the visual style and thematic concerns of Night. The chapter ends by analyzing the importance of Romero’s work in advertisements and sponsored films, showing the stylistic continuity between Night and Romero’s work on commercials for products like Duke Beer.
Just Another Horror Movie—Or Is It?
Authors: Hart Adam Charles 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Chapter 3 analyzes one of the most influential, most imitated films of the 1960s, George A. Romero’s Night of the Living Dead (1968). Night initially shocked and outraged moralizing critics but was soon championed by a small but influential group of younger reviewers and hipster intellectuals, resulting in its rapid coronation as a modern horror classic. The efforts of scholar Robin Wood form the foundation of horror studies, and Wood’s 1979 festival and accompanying publication install Romero at the center of the academic study of the horror genre. The chapter analyzes Wood’s arguments about the political significance and substance of horror, and shows the ways in which Romero’s films both fit into Wood’s analytical schema and the ways in which they demand a different approach to analyzing horror. The chapter concludes with a discussion of Romero’s tendency toward “apocalyptic irony”: the inability of his characters to put aside petty grievances, old prejudices, and outdated hierarchies in the face of imminent danger to themselves and to the rest of humanity.
The Failures of the Human Race
Authors: Hart Adam Charles 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This chapter explores George A. Romero’s political philosophy through his envisioning of new political systems that arise after the zombie apocalypse. Or rather, through the reinstatement and even exaggeration of old, unjust systems in the wake of the undead eradicating almost everything of society’s current power structures. It chronicles the development of Day of the Dead (1985) from its initial conception as a large-scale political epic to its finished form as a talky chamber piece. The initial version of Day was Romero’s exploration of society on a canvas large enough to detail each stratum of the oligarchy that had formed after the rise of the undead: a ludicrously greedy, indulgent ruling class, a cruel, ruthless military that enforced their rule, and several levels of human and zombie underclasses. This is the ultimate expression of Romero’s “apocalyptic irony”—mankind’s insistence on clinging to old inequalities, old prejudices, and old cruelties in the face of existential threats. But budgetary restrictions forced him to wholly reconceive of the film and to funnel its political commentary into a script about the last handful of survivors in a military bunker. The chapter ends by showing how ideas from the original Day scripts are repurposed in a script called Dead Reckoning, which is then rewritten and filmed as Land of the Dead (2005).
The Camera Virus
Authors: Hart Adam Charles 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This chapter analyzes George A. Romero’s career-long ambivalence toward the cinema itself, from his performance in Jack Gelber’s play The Connection to a mid-1970s unfilmed project called The Footage, a once-lost short film called Jacaranda Joe (1994), a proposed TV version of Night of the Living Dead (1968) in the early 2000s, and the feature film Diary of the Dead (2007). In all of these projects, filmmaking is equated with exploitation and with profiting off the suffering of others, and Romero uses these scenarios to explore the destructiveness inherent not just in film but in art more broadly: turning those around you into material for your art. In The Footage, the exploitation of a TV crew is contrasted with the utopian equality and generosity of the prehuman creatures, a rejection of modern society that appears in various forms throughout his work. Those more pessimistic visions are contrasted with Romero’s feature film Knightriders (1981), which suggests the possibility for a creative community that values collaboration and the ideals of cooperative existence more than the creative project itself.
Introduction
Authors: Hassan Waïl S. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
How do Arab immigrants fit in Brazil as a society built on racial and cultural mixture? Under the influence of European racial theory, mixture was seen in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries as an impediment to national progress. However, in the 1920s Modernists like Oswald de Andrade described it as an enriching kind of cultural anthropophagy, and in the early 1930s sociologist Gilberto Freyre turned nineteenth-century racial theory on its head by arguing that the special richness and unique character of Brazil was the result of the racial and cultural mixture of Native Brazilian, Portuguese, and African elements—the Portuguese one being itself hybridized through the Arab-Moorish presence in medieval Iberia. Yet the discrimination and stereotyping faced by Arab immigrants in Brazil point to fissures within this notion of mistura that Brazilian Orientalism explains: faced with immigrants who did not fit easily within one of the three recognizable racial groups (Amerindians, Europeans, Africans), Brazilian intellectuals appropriated Euro-American Orientalism to make sense of the Arab presence in Brazil and to define the country’s place in the world. In so doing, they revealed both their overwhelmingly European orientation and their anxiety about the kind of mixing that was being celebrated as Brazil’s defining feature.
Arab Bahia
Authors: Hassan Waïl S. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Jorge Amado (1912–2001) is Brazil’s most famous novelist. His works have been translated into at least forty-nine languages, and most of them into English. Many have been adapted for cinema, theater, radio, and television, some multiple times. Amado portrays Arab immigrants as contributing to the development of twentieth-century Brazil. He overturns the turco stereotype not only by including dozens of likable Arab characters in his novels but also by moving them from the margins to the center of Brazilian social history in novels like Gabriela cravo e canela (1958, Gabriela, Clove and Cinnamon), Tocaia Grande (1974, Showdown), and A descoberta da América pelos turcos (1994, The Discovery of America by the Turks). In this way, Amado expands the range of Brazilian mistura beyond Freyre’s three-race theory.
Islam on Primetime TV
Authors: Hassan Waïl S. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The most popular telenovela in the history of Brazilian television at the time, O Clone (2001–2, The Clone) was conceived by its author, Glória Perez, as a work that undermines Islamophobia by portraying Muslim families and sympathetically explaining Islamic beliefs. O Clone began to air less than three weeks after the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. Rather than hurting the production, the coincidence contributed to the success of the telenovela, dampening fear of Muslims and increasing interest in belly dancing and other Oriental exotica. Highly progressive and anti-Islamophobic in its promotion of tolerance and mistura, O Clone nevertheless fetishizes belly dancing, the desert, and a host of other Orientalist clichés, evidence of tertiary Orientalism’s debt to colonial discourse.
Conclusion
Authors: Hassan Waïl S. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The conclusion reflects on the place of Arab Brazilians in the national imaginary today, suggesting that the nineteenth-century French imperial construct of Latinity continues to shape national identity for Brazilian elites and to downplay the role of Indigenous, African, Arab, and other elements. Encumbered with numerous limitations—from socioeconomic injustice to racial, ethnic, religious, class, and other prejudices—mistura remains an unfinished business. But it is a wonderfully democratic ideal and the key to a decolonial epistemology that enables a reorientation toward the Global South, with important implications for comparative literature.
Friendship in Doubt
Authors: Kaczynski Richard 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Friendship in Doubt explores the influence of the British Agnostic movement—from Saladin’s Agnostic Journal and George William Foote’s Freethinker to the Rationalist Press Association and its Literary Guide—on three founders of the twentieth-century new religious movement of Thelema. Agnosticism introduced occultist Aleister Crowley, soldier J. F. C. Fuller, and poet Victor Neuburg to each other, and it would inform Crowley’s publishing company, SPRT; A⸫A⸫, a successor to the fragmented Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn; the Equinox journal; and the concept of magick as Scientific Illuminism. Crowley’s, Fuller’s, and Neuburg’s essays and poems from the Agnostic literature, reprinted in Friendship in Doubt for the first time, shed light on their thinking at the start of their careers and provide a baseline from which to understand the subsequent trajectories of their lives.
Crowley and Rationalism
Authors: Kaczynski Richard 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Chapter 2 introduces the prime mover and spiritual leader of Thelema, Aleister Crowley, with a focus on his encounters with British Secularism. His undergraduate tutor at Cambridge University, Arthur Woollgar Verrall, sets the stage for what comes next. Crowley’s experience with the Rationalist Press Association (RPA) leads both to the publication of his early verse, The God-Eater and The Star and the Garter, in 1903 and to plans to publish his Browningesque satire and Rationalist manifesto, The Sword of Song (ultimately self-published in 1904 through Crowley’s newly formed imprint, the Society for the Promotion of Religious Truth, whose name lampooned the ubiquitous Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge). Crowley’s parting ways with the RPA sets the stage for his taking what he learned there and channeling it into the foundations of the new religious movement of Thelema.
The Prize
Authors: Kaczynski Richard 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Chapter 3 documents Aleister Crowley’s consequential prize contest for the best essay on his three-volume collected Works (1905–1907). This includes a previously undocumented account of how the paper Truth (among others) suspected the sponsoring publisher, the Society for the Propagation of Religious Truth, of being a sock puppet for Crowley through which he would publish his own works, which, despite Crowley’s protestations to the contrary, it was. However, this contest would bring J. F. C. Fuller into Crowley’s circle as the winning (and purportedly sole) entrant in the contest with his massive and laudatory literary study, The Star in the West. Fuller’s appearance in Crowley’s circle coincides with the formation of the Golden Dawn successor organization outwardly known only as A∴A∴.
Conclusion
Authors: Kaczynski Richard 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The previously invisible role of British Agnosticism is made clear in bringing together the foundational figures of the influential New Religious Movement of Thelema, inspiring many of its nascent ideas. Agnosticism, filtered through the lens of Thelema, remained an enduring influence on Aleister Crowley, J. F. C. Fuller, and Victor Neuburg, even decades after parting ways. It influenced Crowley’s writings and schemes throughout his life. It permeated J. F. C. Fuller’s military philosophy, from the Darwinian evolution of martial strategy to his liberal use of occult language. Even Neuburg, despite his intimate parting with Crowley, continued to call for people to give his former guru’s ideas a fair airing, regardless of who he was as a person. British Agnosticism must therefore be recognized as a formative influence on Western esotericism, particularly the Scientific Illuminism promoted by Crowley and his Thelemic peers.
Introducing the Cases
Authors: Brechenmacher Saskia , Mann Katherine 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Chapter 3 introduces the four countries that anchor the analysis in this book: Nepal, Kenya, Morocco, and Myanmar. It explains the rationale for selecting these cases, highlighting differences in regime type and in women’s formal political representation and summarizing assistance flows across all four countries. It then briefly describes the history of women’s political inclusion in each case to help the reader situate the programming examples and illustrations referenced in the remaining chapters. For each country, we outline important political junctures and stubborn hurdles limiting women’s access to decision-making power and review the evolving role of international actors and aid programs in these processes.
First Generation: Getting Women in the Room
Authors: Brechenmacher Saskia , Mann Katherine 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Chapter 4 lays out the primary goals and achievements of the first generation of aid initiatives targeting women’s political empowerment. It begins by reviewing the main types of international assistance that emerged during the 1990s and 2000s: campaigns for gender quotas, training programs targeting women political leaders, and support for politically oriented women’s organizations. These efforts brought about important gains. In many countries, they bolstered women’s advocacy during critical constitutional reform junctures and advanced the global spread of gender quotas. However, by focusing on women’s presence within political institutions, first-generation approaches paid less attention to the sociocultural and institutional environment hindering women’s participation and influence in politics. Moreover, they often took the form of stand-alone “women in politics” programs that were poorly integrated into broader democracy assistance initiatives, which limited both their impact and reach.
The Limits of Candidate Training
Authors: Brechenmacher Saskia , Mann Katherine 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Chapter 6 focuses on training programs targeting women candidates. It begins by outlining the basic model of gender equality change guiding these interventions and describing the hurdles to measuring their success. It then explores recurring pitfalls in program design and promising alternative models. Training initiatives often rely on one-off workshops and standard templates that neglect the practical challenges women face on the campaign trail. Recognizing these limitations, some organizations have begun offering longer-term accompaniment and mentorship to women candidates. Others have targeted male relatives and gatekeepers or focused on building a pipeline of women leaders beyond electoral politics. Yet despite these innovations, capacity-building interventions have significant limitations. By centering women’s political ambition and capacity, these initiatives fail to address the institutional and structural hurdles that create an unequal playing field for women aspirants.
Tackling Patriarchal Gender Norms
Authors: Brechenmacher Saskia , Mann Katherine 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Chapter 9 investigates how democracy aid providers grapple with patriarchal norms, resistance, and backlash. It focuses on two newer areas of research, advocacy, and programming that have emerged to address these challenges: efforts to engage men in dismantling patriarchal norms and practices and a growing range of initiatives aimed at countering violence and harassment against women in politics. These approaches seek to tackle discriminatory gender norms by altering the attitudes and behaviors of male powerholders and by strengthening accountability for harassment and abuse. However, they also push democracy aid providers into unfamiliar and difficult territory, marked by uncertainty about which approaches work in varying contexts and how to measure success.
Health in the Balance
Authors: Krieger Nancy 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Chapter 2 critically examines early theories—and current “traditional” theories—about patterns of disease occurrence. Each theory is analyzed in its societal and ecological context and how this context affects who develops the theories, their content, and approach to framing the “balance” needed for health. Ancient theories considered include Greek humoral theory and Chinese traditional medicine(s). Contemporary traditional theories include the Kallawayan Andean cosmovision and traditional African medicine(s), using the example of the Ogori in Nigeria. Revision updates bring in new scholarship about Athenian slavery; circuits of knowledge connecting pre- and early-modern European, Islamic, Chinese, and Latin American theories of disease distribution; and new developments in Indigenous medicine in Bolivia, along with new threats posed by climate change.
Epidemiology Emerges
Authors: Krieger Nancy 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Chapter 3 covers the rise of epidemiology as a self-designated scientific discipline in Europe and the United States from 1600–1900 c CE, bringing analysis of population health into the orbit of scientific study. The chapter considers three sets of raging debates over theories of disease distribution from 1600–1900 c CE, each analyzed in societal and ecological context. The first debate concerns miasma vs. contagion as theories to explain the emergence of new lethal epidemic diseases in Europe and North America, including cholera and yellow fever. The second debate involves liberal vs. radical vs. paternalistic explanations for class inequities in health, using the examples of Louis René Villermé, Friedrich Engels, and Johann Peter Frank. The third debate concerns “race” and health, and contrasts those theories that viewed the poor health of enslaved persons as evidence of: (1) their innate inferiority, vs. (2) the harmful impacts of slavery and racism.
Ecosocial Theory of Disease Distribution
Authors: Krieger Nancy 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Chapter 7 explicates the ecosocial theory of disease distribution and its approach to analyzing how people literally embody, biologically, their societal and ecological context, thereby producing population patterns of health and disease. Its four core constructs pertain to: (1) embodiment; (2) pathways of embodiment; (3) the cumulative interplay of exposure, susceptibility, and resistance at multiple levels, across the life-course and in relation to historical generation; and (4) agency and accountability for analysis of and action to alter population health and health inequities. Concrete applications of these constructs are employed in case examples concerning lead poisoning and the adverse health impacts of Jim Crow. Affinities between ecosocial theory and political ecology are examined. The updated chapter newly includes 11 ecosocial theses regarding the stories bodies tell, emergent embodied phenotypes, structured chance, and the embodied truths of health (in)justice.
Introduction
Authors: Mhajne Anwar , Henshaw Alexis 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In the context of international relations (IR), the global politics of cybersecurity and cyberwar can still be called a relatively new topic of inquiry. This introduction makes the case for critical cybersecurity studies scholarship while also outlining the remainder of the volume. It begins by introducing existing literature on cybersecurity and IR and proceeds to interrogate the applicability of themes advanced by feminist and postcolonial scholars. Among the points explored are the centrality of states in existing cybersecurity work, the role of nonstate actors in cybersecurity history, the evolving definition of cybersecurity as a concept, and contestation over cybersecurity norms.