bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electronic States of the 4,4′-Dinitrobiphenyl–Benzidine Complex
Authors: Tanaka Masashi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The charge transfer complex composed of 4,4′-dinitrobiphenyl and benzidine was studied by measuring and analyzing the UV crystalline spectra. The deep coloration of this complex was found to be due to the charge transfer bands appearing at 21000 and 25000 cm−1, while the long axes of the component molecules are known to be perpendicular to each other.
The Halogenation and Nitration of the Optical Active Isomer of the α-Acetylacetonato(triethylenetetramine)cobalt(III) Complex
Authors: Kuroda Kashiro , Yamaguchi Kazumi , Yamaoka Noriko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The methylidyne hydrogen of the coordinated acetylacetonate ion in (+)d-α-acetylacetonato(triethylenetetramine)cobalt(III) perchlorate has been replaced with halogens and with a nitro group with a complete retention of the configuration. The order of the molar rotations of the complexes has been found to be: acac-&lt;Clacac-&lt;Bracac-&lt;Iacac-complex and acac-\simeqO2Nacac-complex.
Geometrical Isomerism of 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazones of Some Pyruvic Esters
Authors: Nashima Takeo , Ishibashi Fumihide , Iwamoto Masayuki , Aihara Yoko , Anzai Sumiko , Yamanoze Goro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Visible, IR, and PMR spectra of 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazones (DNPH) of some pyruvic esters were studied. It is suggested that each α-isomer with a higher Rf-value involves an intramolecular hydrogen bond between the imino hydrogen and the ester carbonyl group, to which the Z-structure is assigned. The E-structure is assigned to each β-isomer with a lower Rf-value.
Acyl Cyanide. IV. The Reduction of Phenyl-substituted Carbamoyl Cyanides with Metal Hydrides
Authors: Oku Akira , Inoue Jiro , Ueda Hiroyuki , Mashio Fujio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The reaction of phenylcarbamoyl cyanide with LiAlH4 or NaBH4 gave glycine anilide, N-phenylethylenediamine, and N-methylaniline. With the latter hydride, 4-amino-1,3-diphenyl-2-imidazolidinone was also formed. The reduction of diphenylcarbamoyl cyanide with LiAlH4 gave N-methyldiphenylamine as the only reduction product.
Gaseous Products from the Plasma Decomposition of Isomeric Xylenes
Authors: Venugopalan M , Scott Thomas W 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The formation of methane and ethane on decomposition of the isomeric xylenes in Siemens-type discharges has been investigated. With increasing voltage the methane yield decreased, while the ethane yield increased; the C2H6/CH4 mole ratios increased continuously but varied in the order ortho&gt;meta&gt;para.
Reaction of Recoil 35S Atoms with Organic Compounds. Insertion Reaction of Recoil 35S Atoms into the C–H and the C–C Bond
Authors: Niisawa Kazuhiro , Taki Ko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The insertion reactions of recoil sulfur atoms produced by the nuclear transformation of 35Cl(n,p)35S process into the C–H bond of benzothiazole and the C–C bond of 2-methylbenzothiazole have been examined. It has been found that the C–H insertion is a little easier than the C–C insertion by the energetic sulfur atoms, and that in thermal reaction the water used as a solvent seems to have some role in producing the C–H insertion product.
He I Photoelectron Spectra of Ethylene Carbonate and Related Compounds
Authors: Jinno Masafumi , Watanabe Iwao , Yokoyama Yu , Ikeda Shigero 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
He I photoelectron spectra of ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, γ-butyrolactone, β-propiolactone and vinylene carbonate have been investigated. Assignments of an oxygen lone pair and nonbonding π orbitals have been made by means of analysis of vibrational structures and molecular orbital calculation. Many vibrational structures could be assigned to appropriate vibrational modes of the corresponding neutral molecules from a comparison with infrared and Raman spectra. Correlation among the orbital energies of the compounds is discussed.
The Sol-Gel Transition of Sodium Deoxycholate Solutions under High Pressures
Authors: Sugihara Gohsuke , Ueda Toshiaki , Kaneshina Shoji , Tanaka Mitsuru 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The effect of pressure on the sol-gel transition of sodium deoxycholate (SDC) solutions was investigated by the electric conductivity method up to 2000 atm in the temperature range from 10 to 65 °C. The gelation of SDC solutions is effected more easily at lower temperatures, at higher pressures, and at higher concentrations of SDC. The changes in the volume (Δ\barV(αβ)), the enthalpy (Δ\barH(αβ)), and the entropy (Δ\barS(αβ)) of gelation were calculated thermodynamically. The values for Δ\barV(αβ), Δ\barH(αβ), and Δ\barS(αβ) are all negative under the conditions of this experiment. Therefore, it is concluded that the gel formation of SDC is attributable to intermolecular hydrogen bonds.
The Microwave Spectrum, Structure, Quadrupole Coupling Constants, and Barrier to Internal Rotation of Methyldichlorosilane
Authors: Endo Kunihiko , Takeo Harutoshi , Matsumura Chi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The microwave spectra of the 35Cl2, 35Cl37Cl, and 37Cl2 isotopic species of CH3SiHCl2 have been investigated in the frequency region from 12 to 40 GHz. The rotational constants and centrifugal distortion constants have been determined and were used to calculate the structure of the molecule. The structural parameters determined are:
& r(Si–C)=1.850 Å, ∠C–Si–Cl=109.8°,
& r(Si–Cl)=2.040 Å, ∠Cl–Si–Cl=108.8°.
A few high-J R-branch transitions are split into doublets because of the methyl internal rotation. These splittings give a barrier to internal rotation of 1.69±0.05 kcal/mol. An analysis of the 35Cl2 quadrupole splittings leads to quadrupole coupling constants of χaa=−19.1±0.3 MHz, χbb=5.4±1.3 MHz, χcc=13.7±1.4 MHz, χbond=−41.2±2.0 MHz, and ηbond=0.16±0.03.
The cis-trans Isomerization of 2-Butenes Caused by Sulfur Dioxide Adsorbed on Porous Vycor Glass. The Contribution of the Charge-transfer Complex
Authors: Otsuka Kiyoshi , Eshima Kiyoshi , Morikawa Akira 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Sulfur dioxide adsorbed on porous Vycor glass enhances the cis-trans isomerization of 2-butenes selectively, but it poisons the double-bond migration. The correlation between the cis-trans isomerization and the sulfur dioxide–cis-2-butene charge-transfer complex observed on the glass were studied under various pressures of the reactants. The kinetic data of the reaction were well explained by the reaction mechanism in which the isomerization occurs via the addition and elimination of 2-butene molecules at the terminal of the polysulfone formed from sulfur dioxide and cis-2-butene in the adsorbed layer. It has been suggested that the copolymerization is initiated through the charge-transfer complex polarized in the strong electrostatic field of the exposed aluminum ions contained in the glass.
Charge-transfer Character in the Intramolecular Hydrogen Bond: Electronic Structures and Spectra of Hydrogen Maleate Anion and Related Molecules
Authors: Morita Hiroshi , Fuke Kiyokazu , Nagakura Saburo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Ultraviolet absorption spectra were measured with aqueous solutions of maleic acid (H2M) at various pH values and in concentrated sulfuric acid solutions. With the aid of the theoretical calculations of electronic structures by the modified CNDO-CI method, relatively strong bands observed at 193.5 nm for H2M, at 210.0 nm for the hydrogen maleate anion (HM−), and at 202.8 and ≈230 nm for the dinegative ion (M2−) are assigned to the π–π* transition bands. Special attention was paid to the charge-transfer (CT) character (pertinent to the strong intramolecular hydrogen bond) in the excited states of HM−. Configuration analysis of the wave functions revealed us that the first π–π* band of HM− covered by the much stronger 210 nm band is rich in the CT character pertinent to the hydrogen bond.
The Influence of a Co-ion on the Potential of a Liquid Ion-exchnger Membrane Electrode
Authors: Jyo Akinori , Fukamachi Kazumi , Koga Wataru , Ishibashi Nobuhiko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The potential of a liquid ion-exchanger membrane electrode was affected by a co-ion, i.e., an ionic species with the same charge sign as the ion-exchange site in the liquid membrane, when the co-ion in the sample was lipophilic. An aspect of the influence or interference of the co-ion on the response of the electrode is clarified theoretically, based on the three-region concept of the membrane potential. Theoretical predictions of the co-ion interference are illustrated by the measurement of potentials of a nitrate-sensitive nitrobenzene membrane electrode for sample solutions containing sodium nitrate, tetramethylammonium nitrate and the like. The co-ion interference became more important for increased extractability of the co-ion in the nitrobenzene-water system, specifically the order is Rb+&lt;Cs+&lt;(CH3)4N+, and for a decrease in the concentration of the ion-exchanger in the membrane. Go-ion interference appeared for high concentration levels of the ion to be determined and produced a negative error in the activity measurement. The results are in good agreement with the theoretical predictions.
Chromium(III) Complexes with Amino Acids. II. Chromium(III) Complexes with l-α-Amino Acids
Authors: Oki Hisaya 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
As chromium(III) complexes with l-α-amino acids (alanine, aminobutyric acid, norvaline, norleucine, valine, isoleucine and leucine), [Cr(ala)3], (+)[Cr(am-but)3], [Cr(OH)(am-but)2]2, (+) and (−)[Cr(norval)3], (−)[Cr(norleu)3], [Cr(OH)(norleu)2]2, [Cr(val)2(val–O)(NH3)], (+)[Cr(isoleu)3], [Cr(isoleu)2(isoleu–O)(NH3)], [Cr(OH)(isoleu)2]2, (+) and (−)[Cr(leu)3], and [Cr(OH)(leu)2]2 were prepared by the matrix method in solid state, and [Cr(ala)3], [Cr(am-but)3], [Cr(OH)(am-but)2]2, (−)[Cr(norval)3], [Cr(OH)(norval)2]2, (−)[Cr(norleu)3], [Cr(OH)(norleu)2]2, (+)[Cr(val)3], [Cr(val)2(val–O)(NH3)], [Cr(OH)(val)2]2, (+)[Cr(isoleu)3], [Cr(OH)(isoleu)2]2, and a mixture of diasteroisomers of [Cr(leu)3] were obtained by the usual method in solution. Some differences in the formation of the tris-type and hydroxo-dimer complexes appeared between the two methods. Especially, in the solid reaction, some complexes gave diastereoisomers with optically-active counter structures depending upon the kind of solvents used for preparation. All tris-type chromium(III) complexes with l-α-amino acids were of fac-structure.
The O-Alkylation of Phenols by Esters. II. The Steric Hindrance and Electronic Effect in the O-Alkylation of Phenol by Esters
Authors: Kito Taketoshi , Yamamoto Kazumune , Hirao Ichiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The steric hindrance in the O-alkylation of PhOK by alkyl acetate (PhOK+AcOR→PhOR+AcOK) was examined by means of competitive reactions. As a result, the following sequence of the reactivities of alkyl acetates was obtained: CH3&gt;&gt;C2H5&gt;n-C3H7\gtrsimn-C4H9&gt;s-C4H9&gt;i-C3H7\gtrsimi-C4H9&gt;t-C4H9 and n-C4H9&gt;n-C5H11&gt;i-C5H11. The electronic effect in the O-alkylation was also examined by means of the competitive reaction of p-substituted (CH3 or CH3O) methyl benzoate and methyl benzoate with PhOK. The reactivity decreases in the following order: C6H5COOMe&gt;p-CH3C6H4COOMe&gt;p-CH3OC6H4COOMe. Therefore, it was concluded that the rate-determining step is the attack of the phenoxide anion on the carbon atom of the methyl group.
Tautomerism of 4-Pyridones
Authors: Besso Hiromichi , Imafuku Kimiaki , Matsumura Hisashi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The tautomeric constants, Kt, of several 4-pyridones were determined by measurement of pKa values. For 2-substituted 5-methoxy-4-pyridones, the Kt values were correlated to the substituent constants σ, the equation logkt=2.98+2.93σm−6.18σo being obtained.
Investigation of the Reaction of Metal–Nitrosyl Complexes. I. New Nitrosolysis Reaction of Cycloalkanones Using Sodium Pentacyanonitrosylferrate(II)
Authors: Ishigaki Akira , Oue Masatoshi , Matsushita Yoshikazu , Masuda Isao , Shono Toshiyuki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Cycloalkanones reacted with sodium pentacyanonitrosylferrate(II) (NP) to give red-brown or red-violet colored complexes under an alkaline condition. The solvolysis of the complexes gave ω-(hydroxyimino)alkanoic acids under a hot alkaline condition and gave ω-cyanoalkanoic acids or their esters in an acidic condition in good yields. These Products correspond to nitrosolysis products of cycloalkanones. The reaction mechanism was invesigated by use of 15N labeled NP. The complex was formed initially by an electrophilic attack of the nitrosyl ligand of NP to the active methylene of the cycloalkanone. Then a C–C bond cleavage of the resulting ligand, 2-(hydroxyimino) cycloalkanone, occurred by an action of the solvent species under the influence of the central ferrate ion. The solvolysis of the ligand occurred through Beckmann fission by an action of the acid in the coordination sphere.
Odor and Volatile Compounds in Liquid Swine Manure. I. Carboxylic Acids and Phenols
Authors: Yasuhara Akio , Fuwa Kei-ichiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Seventeen carboxylic acids and four phenol compounds were isolated from liquid swine manure by steam distillation and identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The major components are butyric, isovaleric, benzoic, phenylacetic acids, and p-cresol. The only carboxylic acid fraction has the same odor as liquid acidic swine manure. The odor of the phenols is rather pleasant and sweetish. The butyric, isovaleric, and phenylacetic acids have a very strong malodor, while the odor of phenylacetic acid is identical with that of liquid acidic swine manure.
The Reaction of Phenolic Compounds with Isoprenoids. VIII. The o-Isoprenylation of Phenols in the Presence of Metallic Sodium
Authors: Yamada Shigetoshi , Ono Futara , Katagiri Takao , Tanaka Juntaro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Phenols (phenol, hydroquinone, resorcinol, and o-cresol) reacted with prenyl halides (3-methyl-2-buteny chloride and geranyl chloride) in the presence of an alkali metal (Na) in ether. In these reactions, phenols with the corresponding prenyl group at the ortho position were obtained selectively.
An Effect of Heat-treatment on the Activity of Titanium Dioxide Film Electrodes for Photo-sensitized Oxidation of Water
Authors: Tamura Hideo , Yoneyama Hiroshi , Iwakura Chiaki , Murai Takaaki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
When an anodic oxide film of titanium and a pyroly tic ally prepared TiO2 film were subjected to a heat-treatment in an argon atmosphere, their activities for photo-sensitized oxidation of water were improved.
Transfer-free Energy Aspect on the Keto-enol Tautomerization Rate of Benzoylacetone in Water-Dimethyl Sulfoxide Mixtures
Authors: Watarai Hitoshi , Suzuki Nobuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The transfer-free energies of the keto form, the enol form, and the transition state of benzoylacetone from water to water–dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) mixtures have been evaluated on the basis of kinetic and partition experiments at 25 °C. The results were compared with those of acetylacetone, and the substituent effects of methyl and phenyl groups on the transfer-free energies have been discussed in terms of the group transfer-free energy.
ESR and Optical Spectra of Low-spin Square Planar Cobalt(II) Complexes with Some Quadridentate Schiff Bases of the N2S2 Type
Authors: Nishida Yuzo , Sumita Akira , Kida Sigeo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
ESR and electronic spectra of low-spin cobalt(II) complexes with some quadridentate Schiff bases of the N2S2 type were measured. Analysis of ESR parameters led to the conclusion that an unpaired electron is in the dyz orbital of the cobalt atom. On this basis the absorption at 10×103 cm−1 was attributed to the dx2−y2→dyz transition.
ENDOR Studies of Alkylated Biphenyl Anion Radicals in Solution. Relation between Molecular Size and Optimum Temperature of ENDOR Enhancement
Authors: Ishizu Kazuhiko , Ohnishi Masayoshi , Shikata Hideo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The ENDOR spectra of several alkylated biphenyl anions With para- and meta-substitutions were observed, and the relation between the molecular size and the optimum temperature of ortho-proton ENDOR were investigated in terms of the electron-nuclear dipole-dipole interaction. On the basis of the Stokes-Einstein model, a linear relation was found between the inverse of the effective radius and the cubic root of the η/T value at the optimum temperature of the ortho-proton ENDOR, under the assumption that the radical anion undergoes rotation accompanied by the solvent shell. In this situation, the separation between the radical anion and the counter cation thus estimated is more than 8.3 Å and the ion pair exists as a solvent-separated ion pair.
Organic Photochemical Reactions. XXV. The Photoaddition of 1-Phenyl-1,2-propanedione to Olefins
Authors: Shima Kensuke , Takeo Shigeki , Yokoyama Ken-ichi , Yamaguchi Hideaki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The irradiation of 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione and olefins, such as 2,3-dimethyl-2-butene and α-methylstyrene, in benzene gives mainly oxetanes, in sharp contrast to the results obtained from the photoaddition of biacetyl to these olefins. The differences between these results are discussed in terms of the reactivity of the 1,4-biradical intermediates.
Further Studies on the Decarboxylation of Cinnamylidenemalonic Acid in Resorcinol and Catechol
Authors: Haleem M A , Hakeem M A 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Kinetic data are reported for the decarboxylation of cinnamylidenemalonic acid in resorcinol and catechol. The activation parameters are culculated and compared with those previously reported for the decarboxylation of unsubstituted and substituted malonic acids.
A Study of the Asymmetric Reaction of Methyloxirane with Acetic Acid Catalyzed by an Optically-Active Cobalt Complex
Authors: Ishimori Michihiro , Aoi Haruhiko , Tezuka Yasuyuki , Tsuruta Teiji 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A novel asymmetric reaction of methyloxirane with acetic acid catalyzed by an optically-active Co(salen)-type complex was explored. The products were identified to be propylene diacetate, 2-hydroxypropyl acetate, and 2-hydroxy-1-methylethyl acetate. The mechanistic features of this resolution-type reaction were characterized by the optical activities of the products and of the unchanged methyloxirane.
On the Lowest Triplet State of the Pyridazine Crystal
Authors: Marzzacco Charles J 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The lowest singlet-triplet transition recently observed at 440 nm by Yamamoto, Takemura, and Baba for pyridazine in EPA is shown to correlate with the 410 nm transition observed by Hochstrasser and Marzzacco. This correlation is contrary to that of Yamamoto et al.
Calorimetric Study of the Glassy State. XI. Plural Glass Transition Phenomena of Cyclohexene
Authors: Haida Osamu , Suga Hiroshi , Seki Syûzô 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Two kinds of glassy crystalline phases (I and III) of cyclohexene were realized by different thermal treatments. The heat capacities of the glassy and the supercooled crystal-I and -III, as well as the stable crystalline phases were measured by an adiabatic calorimeter in the temperature range 12–300 K. The glass transition temperature Tg, the heat capacity jump at Tg and the residual entropy were found to be 81 K, 11.4 JK−1 mol−1 and 11.7 JK−1mol−1 for crystal-I and 83 K, 3.6 JK−1 mol−1 and 2.6 JK−1 mol−1 for crystal-III, respectively. The glassy liquid state of cyclohexene was realized by vapor condensation technique, its Tg being 78 K as determined by DTA method. The results provide the first example of plural glass transition phenomena in one and the same lowmolecular-weight compound.
Calorimetric Study of the Glassy State. XIII. Thermodynamic Properties of Normal and Deuterated Orthoboric Acid Crystals
Authors: Oguni Masaharu , Matsuo Takasuke , Suga Hiroshi , Seki Syûzô 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Thermal properties of normal and deuterated orthoboric acids were studied through the measurements of heat capacity in the temperature range from 13 to 370 K by using an adiabatic calorimeter and differential thermal analysis curves above room temperature. For both crystals, the heat capacity anomaly was found around 290 K in the heat capacity values dependent upon the thermal history of the specimen; i.e., the endothermic or exothermic enthalpy relaxation was observed in this temperature range. This behavior is of characteristic to the glass transition and is considered to be ascribed to the freezing-in phenomenon of the motion of rearrangement of the protons in hydrogen bondings. The enthalpy relaxation curves were analyzed with the exponential law and the characteristic time constant toward the equilibrium state was longer for enthalpy-excessive side than for enthalpy-deficient side. The glass transition temperature at which the endothermic relaxation time becomes 1 ks is 296.6 K for normal orthoboric acid and 298.2 K for deuterated orthoboric acid, respectively. The activation enthalpies were estimated to be 88±5 and 91±5 kJ mol−1 for the endothermic processes of normal and deuterated orthoboric acid, respectively. The melting points of normal and deuterated orthoboric acids were determined from the differential thermal analysis curves to be 169.9 and 167.4 °C, respectively.
Catalytic Activity of Silver and Gold Metals Doped with Alkali Metals
Authors: Hayashi Shigenobu , Soma Mitsuyuki , Kondow Tamotsu , Onishi Takaharu , Tamaru Kenzi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
When alkali metals are brought into contact with silver or gold, catalytic activity for hydrogen activation reactions results which is higher than that for each of the constituent metals. The order of the activity per mole of alkali metal for the H2-D2 exchange reaction is Ag–C&gt;Ag–K&gt;Au–Cs&gt;Ag–Na. The Ag–Cs and Ag–K systems absorb considerable amounts of hydrogen. The nature of the active sites and the contact effect of the IB metal with the alkali metal are discussed.
The Absorption Spectra of Disubstituted Benzenes. Interpretation by Means of Configuration Analysis
Authors: Fujii Tsuneo , Suzuki Satoshi , Fujishima Michiyuki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The method of configuration analysis has been applied to the interpretation of the ground and the excited states of disubstituted benzenes with two electron-donating groups, o-, m-, and p-benzenediols and o-, m-, and p-phenylenediamines, with particular attention paid to the dependence of the spectra on the positions of substitution and on the molecular symmetry. The wave functions calculated by the Pariser-Parr-Pople method are analyzed in terms of locally-excited states and intramolecular charge-transfer states. The characteristic changes in the location of the Lb, La, and Bb bands caused by substitution are adequately explained by the analysis. The intensification of the Lb band caused by the introduction of the substituents is interpreted as due to the mixing between the Lb, Bb, and Ba bands for the o- and m-substituted benzenes and between the Lb and Bb bands for the p-disubstituted benzenes. It was found empirically that the magnitudes of the spectral shift from benzene to the derivatives are determined primarily by the extent of charge-transfer contributions.