bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chylothorax in the domestic cat—a review
Authors: LINDSAY F. E. F. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTThis review of the principal general features of chylothorax includes the aetiology, diagnosis, diagnostic methods and treatment. The results of a study of the anatomical features of the duct and its associated cistern in sixty cats are discussed in relation to both chylothorax and the elective ligation of the ruptured duct in the cat. The inconstancy of collateral channels and extra‐terminal lymphatico‐venous connections is discussed.Résumé. Cette revue des principales caractéristiques générales du chylothorax comprend l'étiologie, le diagnostic, les méthodes diagnostiques et le traitement. On discute, chez soixante chats, des résultats d'une étude des caractéristiques anatomiques du conduit et de sa citerne associée, par rapport et au chylothorax et à la ligation élective de la rupture du conduit chez le chat. On discute de l'inconstance des canaux collatéraux et des connexions extraterminales lymphatiques‐veineuses.Zusammenfassung. Dieser Überblick der hauptsächlichen Merkmale von Chylothorax schliesst die Ätiologie, Diagnose, diagnostische Methoden und Behandlung ein. Die Resultate einer Studie der anatomischen Merkmale des Ductus und seiner verbundenen Cisternas in sechzig Katzen, werden in bezug auf beides, Chylothorax sowie der auswählenden Ligatur des gebrochenen Ductus in Katzen, diskutiert. Die Unbeständigkeit von Umgehungskänlen und besonderen terminalen lymphatico‐venösen Zusammenhängen werden besprochen.
Haemangiosarcoma of bone in the dog
Authors: BINGEL SARAH A. , BRODEY ROBERT S. , ALLEN HENRY L. , RISER WAYNE H. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTTwenty‐two dogs with osseous haemangiosarcoma were examined in the University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine from July 1952 to September 1972. A detailed case report of a primary haemangiosarcoma of the proximal humerus in a 21/2‐year old spayed Irish Setter is given along with the salient features of twenty‐one other cases.The three breeds most commonly involved were Boxers, Great Danes and German Shepherd Dogs. The ages ranged from 2–11 years with a median age of 6 years. The male to female ratio was 1·6:1·0. The proximal humerus and ribs were the bones most commonly affected. The long bone to flat bone ratio was 1·0:1·33. In some cases it was difficult or impossible to ascertain whether the haemangiosarcoma in bone was primary or metastatic. Histological grading appeared of little or no prognostic value.Résumé. De juillet 1952 à septembre 1972, on a examiné à l'Ecole de Médicine Vétérinaire de l'Université de Pennsylvanie, vingt‐deux chiens atteints d'hémangiosarcome osseux. On donne un protocole détaillé d'observation d'un cas d'hémangiosarcome primaire de l'humérus proximal chez un setter irlandais châtré avec les traits caractéristiques saillants de vingt et un autres cas. Les trois races les plus communes dont il s'agissait, étaient les Boxers, les Grands Danois et les Bergers Allemands. Les âges variaient de deux à onze ans avec une moyenne d'âge de six ans. La proportion mâle à femelle était de 1·6:1·0. L'humérus proximal et les côtes étaient les os lesplus communément affectés La proportion de l'os long à l'os plat était de 1·0:1·33. Dans certains cas, il était difficile ou impossible de constater si l'hémangiosarcome de l'os était primaire ou métastatique. Une gradation histologique a semblé n'avoir que peu ou pas de valeur prognostique.Zusammenfassung. Zweiundzwanzig Hunde mit ossalen Hämangiosarkomen wurden in der Universität der Pennsylvanischen Schule für Veterinäre Medizin in der Zeit von Juli 1952 bis September 1972 untersucht. Ein in Einzelheit gehender Krankenbefund von einem primären Hämangiosarkom des Humerus proximalis in einem zweiundhalbjährigen irischen Setter (dem die Eierstöcke entfernt waren) wurde, zusammen mit den hervorstechenden Merkmalen von zweiundzwanzig anderen Fällen, veröffentlicht. Die drei Rassen, am Meisten einbegriffen, waren Boxer, dänische Doggen und deutsche Schäferhunde. Ihr Alter belief sich von zwei bis elf Jahren mit einem Durchschnittsalter von sechs Jahren. Das männliche zum weibliche Verhältnis stand bei 1·6:1·0. Der Humerus proximalis und die Rippen waren die Knochen, welche am Meisten befallen waren. Die Röhrenknochen standen zu den Plattenknochen im Verhältnis von 1·0:1·33. In einigen Fällen war es schwierig oder unmöglich zu ermitteln ob das Hämangiosarkom in Knochen primär oder metastatisch war. Histologische Einstufung schien von wenig oder keinem prognostischem Wert.
Spontaneous pneumomediastinum in the racing Greyhound
Authors: JONES B. R. , BATH M. L. , WOOD A. K. W. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTThis paper describes the clinical and radiological features of spontaneous pneumomediastinum in three racing Greyhounds. The clinical signs were characterized by dyspnoea, subcutaneous emphysema and increased bronchial tones. The diagnosis was confirmed by thoracic radiographs. The major structures of the anterior mediastinum which are normally not visible in thoracic radiographs, are easily seen with the presence of large quantities of air in the mediastinum. No definite cause of pneumomediastinum was found in these dogs but all of them recovered after 5 days' kennel confinement and a 4 week break from training.
The development of cystic endometrial hyperplasia in the bitch following serial uterine biopsies
Authors: HADLEY J. C. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTSerial uterine biopsies were performed on two bitches during three oestrous cycles. The uterus was biopsied once in one other bitch and twice in another case following exteriorization and palpation of the uterine horn on four occasions earlier in the cycle. Following the serial biopsies both bitches developed a vulval discharge for a duration of 8‐21 days. This first appeared between metoestrus days 14 and 30. By the 5th week after oestrus the uteri of both bitches developed cystic endometrial hyperplasia with inflammatory cell infiltration which regressed spontaneously. This lesion did not develop in the two other bitches, and it may have been caused by the surgical interference with the endometrium during the period of luteal development.
Recanalized patent ductus arteriosus in the dog
Authors: EYSTER GEORGE E. , WHIPPLE ROBERT D. , EVANS A. THOMAS , HOUGH J. DAVID , ANDERSON LOREL K. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTIn 140 consecutive operations for patent ductus arteriosus at the Michigan State University Veterinary Clinic over a period of 10 years, three animals have had recanalized defects (2 %), and of these, one dog recanalized for the second time. Of the 140 surgeries, fifteen were suture divisions and the remaining 125 were ligations. All recanalized cases had been ligated in the original operation. We believe, due to the ease of surgery, ligation is the preferred method. However, if the ductus recanalizes, division and suture should be accomplished in the second operation.
Therapy of anal sacculitis in the dog
Authors: HALNAN C. R. E. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTThree principal methods of treatment were described: a medical regimen in which supervised administration of parenteral drugs and manual emptying of the sacs was performed over a 2‐week period–suitable in mild cases; a surgical regimen based on the well‐known methods of excision with special attention to the surgical approach, and a pseudoradical method in which the sacs were sclerosed by a method of irrigation with suitable fixative solutions. A reference is made to the concomitant dermatoses and their simultaneous treatment.
Microbial flora of normal canine conjunctivae
Authors: McDonald P. J. , Watson A. D. J. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTOver an 8‐month period, samples were obtained from normal conjunctival sacs of 100 dogs, for aerobic and anaerobic culture. No organisms were isolated from 22% of the samples, while a single isolate was obtained from 46% and in 32% two to four species were identified. Gram‐positive organisms predominated, with Staphylococcus spp., Bacillus spp. and Corynebacterium spp. accounting for 76% of the total isolates.Gram‐negative bacteria comprised 8‐4% of the total. Only one obligate anaerobe, a Clostridium sp., was isolated.
The frequency of occurrence of anal sacculitis in the dog
Authors: HALNAN C. R. E. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTA survey of the incidence of anal sacculitis in the dog based on a population of 3,053 dogs treated at two urban practices, one in England and one in Australia, showed that 12‐5% of dogs presented at clinics were affected with anal sacculitis. No predisposition in the dogs or selectivity on the part of the disease was found in relation to breed, sex, age or geographical distribution.
Canine bacteruria
Authors: KivistÖ A‐K. , Vasenius H. , Sandholm M. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTUrine from 237 dogs submitted for euthanasia was collected directly by needle aspiration from the urinary bladder. The bacteriological findings were correlated with the sex and age of the dogs. E. coli was the most frequent species found. The overall incidence of bladder infection was 6–2% for males and 26–6% for females. Bladder infection can be categorized on the basis of occurrence in either very young or in older dogs. The infection incidence increased linearly in bitches older than 4 years, ending at a 50% frequency in those more than 10 years old. Pyometra frequency also increased after 4 years of age and this pattern may indicate a common causative factor for urinary tract infection and pyometra. This investigation shows that subclinical urinary tract infection is common in dogs and is related to age in bitches.
Small animal dentistry and the role of ultrasonic instruments in dental care
Authors: Lane J.G. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTThe salient features of the aetiopathogenesis of gingivitis and periodon‐titis are summarized with particular reference to the roles of plaque, saliva and calculus in the degeneration of the supporting tissues of canine and feline teeth. It is emphasized that in many instances irreversible damage will have occurred before an animal is first presented for dental treatment. The working principles of ultrasonic dental instruments are outlined and then followed by a more detailed description of the technique for the use of this equipment in veterinary practice.
Five‐hydroxytryptamine antagonists and feline aortic embolism
Authors: Olmstead Marvin L. , Butler Hugh C. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTClinically, feline aortic embolism is manifested by paresis or paralysis of the hind legs. Mere occlusion of the terminal aorta will not cause these signs to develop, i.e. a clot must be present. The clinical condition was duplicated if the aorta was ligated in a manner which formed a cul‐de‐sac into which autologous blood mixed with glass beads was injected.In three different groups of cats 5‐hydroxytryptamine (5‐HT) antagonists were administered intravenously before the creation of a blood clot in the cul‐de‐sac. The antagonists used were methysergide, cyproheptadine and phenoxybenzamine. The results obtained indicate that cyproheptadine has promise as an effective agent for preventing paresis or paralysis in feline aortic embolism. The active role of 5‐HT in the production of paresis or paralysis in feline aortic embolism is more clearly implicated by the work done in this investigation. This knowledge adds to the basic understanding of the pathophysiology involved in this disease.
An epidemiological survey of the feline urological syndrome
Authors: Walker A. D. , Weaver A. D. , Anderson R. S. , Crighton G. W. , Fennell C. , Gaskell C. J. , Wilkinson G. T. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTAn epidemiological survey of the feline urological (or urolithiasis) syndrome (FUS) was carried out from 1 October 1973 to 30 September 1974. Details of 437 FUS cases were recorded by veterinary surgeons in thirty‐three practices. An independent market research organisation collected corresponding details, where applicable, of 604 pet cats selected randomly from the pet cat population of the practice areas.Total incidence of reported cases was estimated at about 0.64% of the domestic cat population in one year. The number of cases of FUS was highest in the autumn and winter of 1973 and then decreased to the end of the survey period.Comparison of clinical and control surveys showed an association of the disease with several factors. These included age, diet and neutering (especially of male animals). By comparison with the controls, FUS cats tended to drink less, to be fed on dry cat food, to be considered lazy, taking little exercise, to have less freedom to leave the house at will and to be provided with indoor urinating facilities. There was also some evidence of an association with the brand of dry cat food and with the number of cats in the household. These factors were not necessarily either causative agents or additive in effect. A follow‐up survey revealed a FUS mortality of 22% (90/403 cats) at 6 months after the survey episode, the majority dying or being put down in the first week. The death‐rate was higher in males. Further episodes were noted in 32% of the cats followed up. The rate of recurrence was the same in those cats (68%) whose diet had been changed after the initial episode.
Glucose tolerance and insulin response in diabetes mellitus of dogs
Authors: KANEKO J. J. , MATTHEEUWS D. , ROTTIERS R. P. , VERMEULEN A. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTThe low dose intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) and the insulin response to the glucose load were performed in a series of twenty–two diabetic dogs. All diabetic dogs were characterized by glucose intolerance as expressed by an abnormal half time (Tl/2) or fractional turnover rate (k) for glucose clearance. On the basis of the initial insulin level (Io), the insulin peak response (Ip) and the insulinogenic index (I/G), the dogs were classified into three types. Type I dogs were characterized by a low Io, low Ip and low I/G in response to glucose, similar to the juvenile form of diabetes in humans. Type II dogs were characterized by a normal or high Io, but also with a low Ip and a low I/G which are some of the features of the maturity onset form. Type III dogs were characterized by a normal Io and a normal or delayed response to glucose as seen in chemical diabetes. It is suggested that these types represent stages in the natural history of the development of diabetes mellitus in dogs.
Oesophageal diverticulum formation in the dog
Authors: PEARSON H. , GIBBS C. , KELLY D. F. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTThis paper briefly reviews previously recorded cases of (epiphrenic) oesophageal diverticula in the dog and describes the clinical and radiological findings in, nine further cases. Four of the nine cases also had a broncho–oesophageal fistula; clinical and histological evidence is presented to suggest that the lesions were congenital in at least five animals.
The EMO system in small animal anaesthesia
Authors: HALL L. W. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTThe EMO System was used to administer ether/air anaesthesia to dogs undergoing clinical surgical procedures. Anaesthesia with spontaneous breathing gave rise to normal oxygen tensions in arterial blood, a slight acidosis and a decrease in arterial carbon dioxide tension. When used with relaxant drugs and intermittent positive pressure ventilation of the lungs it was found that to maintain normal oxygen tensions in the arterial blood it was necessary to hyperventilate to low arterial carbon dioxide tensions. Ether/air anaesthesia with the EMO System was found to meet modern criteria for acceptability in general practice where the veterinary surgeon may be assisted in the operating theatre by a nurse or may be entirely alone.
Closure after injury of the distal femoral growth plate in the dog
Authors: CULVENOR J. A. , HULSE D. A. , PATTON C. S. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTDistal femoral growth plate separations were created and repaired using pin–fixation in 24 immature dogs. In 16 dogs, destroyed 10 weeks after surgery, the growth plate had closed. Of eight dogs destroyed from 1 to 4 weeks after surgery, seven had a indication of premature closure while one (destroyed at 1 week) had only injury to the plate.
The larynx of the Basenji dog
Authors: ASHDOWN R. R. , LEA TERESA 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTIn two aged Basenji bitches, the lateral laryngeal saccules were absent or reduced and the laryngeal recesses (ventricles of Morgagni) were shallow compared with those of other dogs. No other significant differences were discovered. It is not yet established whether or not these anatomical features are directly related to barklessness in these dogs. The terminology used for these anatomical features is discussed.
Diseases of tortoises: a review of seventy cases
Authors: HOLT P. E. , COOPER J. E. , NEEDHAM J. R. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTThe clinical and pathological findings in seventy tortoises (mostly Testudo graeca) are described. Diagnostic techniques used included microbiological, histopathological and parasitological examination, and both these and the clinical procedures are described and discussed. A variety of conditions was encountered; gastrointestinal helminthiasis and necrotic stomatitis were most common, but other diagnoses included hypovita‐minoses, constipation, abscesses and trauma. On no occasion was a Salmonella sp. isolated.
Canine mammary cancer
Authors: MISDORP W. , HART A. A. M. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTMicroscopic examination showed that mammary cancer in the dog, especially the more infiltrating types, had often been removed (±50%) in an incomplete way. Local recurrence, detected clinically or at post mortem examination, is frequent.Metastasis is the most frequent cause of death. Dyspnoea is often, but not always, associated with pulmonary metastasis. Lymphogenous and haematogenous metastasis are common.By‐passing of regional lymph nodes and lungs is extremely uncommon. Pleural metastasis was only found in combination with pulmonary metastasis.Tumours in the posterior glands had more frequently spread to the lungs and liver than those in the anterior glands. Haematogenous spread to other mammary glands was not detected. Multiple malignant mammary tumours were found to be rare (4%).Mammary cancer should be treated both surgically and systemically.
Vascular malformation (cavernous angioma) of the spinal cord in a dog
Authors: ZAKI FAROUK A. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTCavernous angioma was found in the C5‐C6 spinal cord segments of a 4–month‐old female Siberian Husky. The malformation appeared as vessels packed together and lined by simple endothelial cells surrounded by a thin layer of collagenous connective tissue. These vessels were not separated by neural tissue. Clinically, the dog was presented with progressive tetraparesis over a 1‐month period.
Osteochondritis dissecans of the tibial tarsal bone in dogs
Authors: MASON T. A. , LAVELLE R. B. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTThe clinical histories of nineteen cases of osteochondritis dissecans of the medial ridge of the tibial tarsal bone are described. The clinical signs were lameness and a reduced range of joint flexion. Radiography demonstrated changes over the medial ridge of the tibial tarsal bone. Untreated cases remained lame and the rapid development of degenerative joint changes was noted. Cases treated promptly by arthrotomy, removal of the detached flap of cartilage and curettage made a quick and permanent recovery. Access to the lesion was gained by a postero‐medial approach.
Collie eye anomaly (CEA)
Authors: BARNETT K. C. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTThe Collie Eye Anomaly is described under the headings of the two basic abnormalities—chorioretinal dysplasia and coloboma. The secondary changes of retinal detachment, intraocular haemorrhage and other vascular changes are also described as is the normal collie fundas.
A veterinary approach to spiders
Authors: COOPER J. E. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTSpiders are kept as pets, for scientific study and for display. The veterinary profession is increasingly being consulted for advice on their care.The basic biology and management of spiders are outlined, together with information on physical and chemical restraint. These animals are particularly susceptible to managemental problems but other diseases may also occur. A certain amount of medical and surgical attention is possible.
Financial modelling of the potential cost of ovine Johne's disease and the benefit of vaccinating sheep flocks in southern New South Wales
Authors: Bush RD , Windsor PA , Toribio JA , Webster SR 
Published: September 2008

Objective  To develop an enterprise gross margin (GM) model that predicts the on‐farm financial impact of ovine Johne's disease (OJD) for various sheep enterprises in Australia. In addition, to estimate the benefits and costs of control through the use of the Gudair™ vaccination, including a breakeven point.Design and population  Data for the model was gained from an observational study conducted over a 3‐year period from 2002 to 2004 using sheep from 12 OJD‐infected flocks from southern New South Wales. Flocks ranged between 3500 and 20,000 sheep, with owner estimates of 5% or greater OJD mortality at the start of the study.Procedure  A GM model was developed to predict the on‐farm financial impact of OJD for various sheep enterprises in Australia, comparing non‐infected, infected (status quo) and infected (vaccination) disease scenarios.Results  Vaccination breakeven points are achieved within 2 to 3 years for breeding enterprises if OJD mortalities are high, rising towards 7 years for a Merino ewe enterprise if OJD mortalities are low.Conclusion  The GM model demonstrates the returns to investment of vaccination for Australian sheep producers with OJD‐infected flocks.
Cross‐species amplification of Eucalyptus microsatellite loci
Authors: NEVILL PAUL G. , REED ALASTAIR , BOSSINGER GERD , VAILLANCOURT RENE E. , LARCOMBE MATHEW , ADES PETER K. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThis study examined the interspecific amplification of nuclear microsatellite loci developed mainly for eucalypts in the subgenus Symphyomyrtus across five species within the second most speciose subgenus, subgenus Eucalyptus. A set of eight to 10 loci, depending on taxon, have been identified that are highly variable and easily scored. The successful transfer of microsatellite loci to these eucalypt species sidesteps the expensive and time‐consuming development of species‐specific microsatellite libraries. This primer set will enable the examination and cross‐species comparison of the genetic resources of commercially and ecologically important members of the subgenus Eucalyptus.
L’UNESCO et les langues : un engagement en faveur de la culture et du développement
Authors: Rosi Mauro 
Published: September 2008

RésuméLes langues et le multilinguisme sont depuis plus de soixante ans au cœur de la vie de l’UNESCO. Ils le sont encore aujourd’hui et plus que jamais, d’une part parce que l’on assiste à une valorisation sans précédent du patrimoine culturel immatériel sous toutes ses formes, d’autre part, du fait de la crainte de voir la mondialisation accélérer le rythme de disparition d’un grand nombre de langues. Portée par un contexte général exigeant, l’UNESCO s’est engagée en faveur des langues et du multilinguisme en élaborant un outil normatif et en mettant sur pied des programmes opérationnels tant spécialisés que multidisciplinaires.