bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early Cretaceous bivalves of the Neuquén Basin, west‐central Argentina: notes on taxonomy, palaeobiogeography and palaeoecology
Authors: Lazo Dario G. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThis paper provides an updated taxonomic inventory of the bivalve fauna collected in the Pilmatué Member of the Agrio Formation of the Neuquén Basin, west‐central Argentina, places the fauna in its palaeobiogeographic setting, and addresses its palaeoecological significance. Thirty‐one Late Valanginian to Early Hauterivian bivalve species within 24 genera were identified. A large part (32%) of the identified bivalve species occur over a wide geographical area: from the Pacific coast of South America to Europe, North Africa, Central Asia and East and South Africa; some are also recorded in Japan. A relatively high degree of endemism (26%) is shown, suggesting that some of the bivalve species had barriers to their dispersal; larval strategy and length of larval development were probably important. A significant number (42%) of the bivalve taxa are left in open nomenclature as they are probably new species. Bivalve guilds are described to interpret palaeoecology, in particular the ecospace utilization. Guilds are based on tiering, life habit, and feeding category. Eight guilds are recognized: free‐lying epifaunal, cemented epifaunal, epibyssate, boring, endobyssate, shallow burrowing, deep burrowing and deep burrowing with symbiotic bacteria. The fauna is composed only of suspension‐feeders indicating that food resources were dominantly in suspension, in agreement with the predominantly shallow‐water aspect of the study deposits. The ecospace utilization in the shoreface is broader than in the offshore shelf, suggesting more favourable living conditions and/or a wider range of different habitat types represented. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Apolipoprotein E deficiency enhances the antigen‐presenting capacity of Schwann cells
Authors: Duan Rui‐Sheng , Jin Tao , Yang Xin , Mix Eilhard , Adem Abdu , Zhu Jie 
Published: March 2007

AbstractApolipoprotein E (apoE) has immunomodulatory properties and has been implicated in the pathogenic mechanism of autoimmune diseases. Previously, the authors found that apoE deficiency increased the susceptibility to experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN), an animal model for human Guillain‐Barré syndrome. To further elucidate the mechanism behind apoE deficiency exacerbating EAN, the authors investigated the role of major target and important antigen‐presenting cells of the peripheral nerve system, Schwann cells (SCs), in apoE knockout mice. Treatment of apoE deficient SCs with recombinant mouse interferon‐γ and lipopolysaccharide resulted in higher MHC‐II and CD40 expression as compared with normal SCs derived from wild‐type mice. The increased MHC‐II and CD40 expression on SCs was accompanied by lower levels of intracellular IL‐6 production within SCs of apoE deficiency, which is confirmed by the neutralization with anti IL‐6 antibody. The increased antigen‐presenting capacity of apoE deficient SCs was further explored by enhancement of T cell proliferation co‐cultured with P0 peptide 180–199 specific T cells derived from EAN mice immunized with the P0 peptide. In conclusion, apoE may protect mice from EAN and probably also from chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy by affecting the antigen‐presenting function of SCs via influence of IL‐6 production. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hypoosmotic swelling and ammonia increase oxidative stress by NADPH oxidase in cultured astrocytes and vital brain slices
Authors: Reinehr Roland , Görg Boris , Becker Stephan , Qvartskhava Natalia , Bidmon Hans J. , Selbach Oliver , Haas Helmut L. , Schliess Freimut , Häussinger Dieter 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe role of NADPH oxidase (NOX) and the regulatory subunit p47phox for hypoosmotic ROS generation was studied in cultured rat astrocytes and brain slices of wilde type and p47phox knock‐out mice. Cultured rat astrocytes express mRNAs encoding for the regulatory subunit p47phox, NOX1, 2, and 4, and the dual oxidases (DUOX)1 and 2, but not NOX3. Hypoosmotic (205 mosmol/L) swelling of cultured astrocytes induced a rapid generation of ROS that was accompanied by serine phosphorylation of p47phox and prevented by the NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin. Apocynin also impaired the hypoosmotic tyrosine phosphorylation of Src. Both, hypoosmotic ROS generation and p47phox serine phosphorylation were sensitive to the acidic sphingomyelinase inhibitors AY9944 and desipramine, the protein kinase C (PKC)ζ‐inhibitory pseudosubstrate peptide, the NMDA receptor antagonist MK‐801 and the intracellular Ca2+ chelator BAPTA‐AM. Also hypoosmotic exposure of wilde type mouse cortical brain slices increased ROS generation, which was allocated in part to the astrocytes and which was absent in presence of apocynin and in cortical brain slices from p47phox knock‐out mice. Also ammonia induced a rapid ROS production in cultured astrocytes and brain slices, which was sensitive to apocynin. The data suggest that astrocyte swelling triggers a p47phox‐dependent NADPH oxidase‐catalyzed ROS production. The findings further support a close interrelation between osmotic and oxidative stress in astrocytes, which may be relevant to different brain pathologies including hepatic encephalopathy. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A review of the therapeutic agents used in the management of polycythaemia vera
Authors: McMullin Mary Frances 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe acquired clonal disorder Polycythaemia Vera leads to increased erythropoiesis, myelopoiesis and megakaryopoeisis. These anomalies result in an increased incidence of thromboembolic events, transformation to acute leukaemia and myelofibrosis. Treatments which aim to reduce the event rate may increase anaemia but may also affect the rate of complications. This paper reviews the evidence for the treatments which have been used in the management of the disorders over a 50 plus year period. Assessment of this evidence and its limitations form the basis for the current suggested management plans. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
China's new law on enterprise bankruptcy: a story with a happy end?
Authors: Falke Mike 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe Chinese National People's Congress has recently promulgated a new law on enterprise bankruptcy, which will come into force in June 2007. For the first time, the law intends to cover generally both private and state‐owned enterprises (SOEs). The law does widely comply with accepted international standards and provisions found in modern insolvency codes of other jurisdictions. However, it also contains several gaps, blurred provisions and legislative shortcomings, which have to be addressed promptly in order to assure a smooth implementation of the new law. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Identification of overexpressed genes in hepatocellular carcinoma, with special reference to ubiquitin‐conjugating enzyme E2C gene expression
Authors: Ieta Keisuke , Ojima Eiki , Tanaka Fumiaki , Nakamura Yoshito , Haraguchi Naotsugu , Mimori Koshi , Inoue Hiroshi , Kuwano Hiroyuki , Mori Masaki 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThis study consisted of 2 aims: (i) to determine genes associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by microarray analysis; and (ii) to evaluate the clinicopathological significance of human ubiquitin‐conjugating enzyme E2C (Ube2c) found to be overexpressed in HCC from microarray analysis. Laser microdissection and cDNA‐microarray were performed to identify genes associated with HCC. We then focused on the Ube2c gene. Using real‐time quantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR), Ube2c expression status and clinicopathological significance were studied in 65 clinical HCC samples. A number of genes upregulated in HCC cells compared to noncancerous liver cells were identified, one of which was the Ube2c gene. Ube2c gene expression in the cancer tissue was higher than in the corresponding noncancerous tissue in 62 of the 65 cases (95.4%, p < 0.01). Tumors with high Ube2c expression showed higher frequencies of tumor invasion to capsular formation (fc‐inf), invasion to portal vein (vp) and tumor de‐differentiation (p < 0.05). Patients with high Ube2c expression also showed significantly worse disease‐free survival rates than those with low Ube2c expression (p < 0.01). In addition, Ube2c expression was found to be an independent prognostic factor for disease‐free survival rate in multivariate analysis. We identified differentially expressed genes between HCC and normal liver tissues. Of those, the Ube2c gene appeared to be associated with HCC progression, and may be useful as a prognostic indicator for HCC patients. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Risk of high‐grade cervical intra‐epithelial neoplasia based on cytology and high‐risk HPV testing at baseline and at 6‐months
Authors: Bulk Saskia , Bulkmans Nicole W.J. , Berkhof Johannes , Rozendaal Lawrence , P. Boeke A. Joan , Verheijen René H.M. , Snijders Peter J.F. , Meijer Chris J.L.M. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractAdding a test for high‐risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) to cytological screening enhances the detection of high‐grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (≥CIN2), but data are required that enable long‐term evaluation of screening. We investigated the ≥CIN2 risk for women participating in population‐based screening as a function of hrHPV and cytology testing results at baseline and at 6 months. We included 2,193 women aged 30–60 years participating in a population‐based screening trial who received colposcopy or a repeat testing advice at baseline. The main endpoint was histologically confirmed ≥CIN2 diagnosed within 36 months. hrHPV testing was more sensitive than cytology for ≥CIN2 (relative sensitivity 1.4, 95%CI: 1.3–1.5; absolute sensitivity 94.1 and 68.0%, respectively). The 18‐month ≥CIN2 risks in women with a hrHPV‐positive smear and in women with abnormal cytology were similar (relative risk 0.9, 95%CI: 0.8–1.1). Women with HPV16 and/or HPV18 had a higher ≥CIN2 risk than other hrHPV‐positive women irrespective of the cytological grade. Repeat testing showed that both cytological regression and viral clearance were strongly associated with a decrease in ≥CIN2 risk. Notably, women who had a double negative repeat test at 6 months had a ≥CIN2 risk of only 0.2% (95%CI: 0.0–1.1) and hrHPV‐negative women with baseline borderline or mild dyskaryosis and normal cytology at 6 months had a ≥CIN2 risk of 0% (95%CI: 0.0–0.8). Using hrHPV and/or cytology testing, risk of ≥CIN2 can be assessed more accurately by repeat testing than single visit testing. Hence, when hrHPV testing is implemented, patient management with repeat testing is a promising strategy to control the number of referrals for colposcopy. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Treatment of implanted mammary tumors with recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus targeted to Her2/neu
Authors: Bergman Ira , Griffin Judith A. , Gao Yanhua , Whitaker‐Dowling Patricia 
Published: March 2007

AbstractVesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) is being developed for cancer therapy. We have created a recombinant replicating VSV (rrVSV) that targeted to Her2/neu expressing breast cancer cells and expresses mouse GM‐CSF. We now tested the efficacy of this rrVSV in the treatment of peritoneal tumor implants of D2F2/E2 cells, a BALB/c mouse mammary tumor cell line, which was stably transfected to express Her2/neu. Mice were treated 1 day following tumor implantation with either 2 × 108 infectious doses rrVSV or conditioned media (CM). All control animals developed massive peritoneal tumor with a median survival of 16 days. Nine of 10 rrVSV treated mice survived long term with no evidence of tumor. rrVSV had much less efficacy in treating implants of the parent D2F2 cells that did not express Her2/neu. The median survival was 13.5 days in mice treated with CM and 21 days in those treated with rrVSV. There was one long term survivor in the rrVSV treated group. None of the rrVSV treated animals showed evidence of viral toxicity. Three of 7 long term survivors did not develop tumor when rechallenged first with D2F2/E2 and then with D2F2 cells. Both successful therapy and resistance to rechallenge were T‐cell dependent. These studies demonstrate that targeted rrVSV eliminated peritoneal implants of Her2/neu expressing tumor and elicited an anti‐tumor T‐cell immunologic response. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Erionite and asbestos differently cause transformation of human mesothelial cells
Authors: Bertino P. , Marconi A. , Palumbo L. , Bruni B. M. , Barbone D. , Germano S. , Dogan A.U. , Tassi G. F. , Porta C. , Mutti L. , Gaudino G. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractMalignant mesothelioma (MM) is an aggressive tumor associated with environmental or occupational exposure to asbestos fibers. Erionite is a fibrous zeolite, morphologically similar to asbestos and it is assumed to be even more carcinogenic. Onset and progression of MM has been suggested as the result of the cooperation between asbestos and other cofactors, such as SV40 virus infection. Nevertheless, several cases of MM were associated with environmental exposure to erionite in Turkey, where SV40 was never isolated in MM specimens. We show here that erionite is poorly cytotoxic, induces proliferating signals and high growth rate in human mesothelial cells (HMC). Long term exposure to erionite, but not to asbestos fibers, transforms HMC in vitro, regardless of the presence of SV40 sequences, leading to foci formation in cultured monolayers. Cells derived from foci display constitutive activation of Akt, NF‐κB and Erk1/2, show prolonged survival and a deregulated cell cycle, involving cyclin D1 and E overexpression. Our results reveal that erionite is able per se to turn HMC into transformed highly proliferating cells and disclose the carcinogenic properties of erionite, prompting for a careful evaluation of environmental exposure to these fibers. The genetic predisposition to the effect of erionite is a separate subject for investigation. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Sectoral adjustment of employment to shifts in outsourcing and trade: evidence from a dynamic fixed effects multinomial logit model
Authors: Egger Peter , Pfaffermayr Michael , Weber Andrea 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThis paper analyzes the effects of trade and outsourcing on the transition probabilities of employment between sectors, using a dynamic multinomial logit framework with fixed effects. The data cover a sample of individual Austrian male workers over the period 1988–2001. Our results strongly support the view that international economic forces are important determinants of labor market turnover. In particular, an increase in the outsourcing intensity negatively affects the probability of staying in or changing into the manufacturing sector, even more so for industries with a comparative disadvantage. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Money demand function estimation by nonlinear cointegration
Authors: Bae Youngsoo , de Jong Robert M. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractConventionally, the money demand function is estimated using a regression of the logarithm of money demand on either the interest rate or the logarithm of the interest rate. This equation is presumed to be a cointegrating regression. In this paper, we aim to combine the logarithmic specification, which models the liquidity trap better than a linear model, with the assumption that the interest rate itself is an integrated process. The proposed technique is robust to serial correlation in the errors. For the USA, our new technique results in larger coefficient estimates than previous research suggested, and produces superior out‐of‐sample prediction. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Assessing the performance of matching algorithms when selection into treatment is strong
Authors: Augurzky Boris , Kluve Jochen 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThis paper investigates the method of matching regarding two crucial implementation choices: the distance measure and the type of algorithm. We implement optimal full matching—a fully efficient algorithm—and present a framework for statistical inference. The implementation uses data from the NLSY79 to study the effect of college education on earnings. We find that decisions regarding the matching algorithm depend on the structure of the data: In the case of strong selection into treatment and treatment effect heterogeneity a full matching seems preferable. If heterogeneity is weak, pair matching suffices. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Codependence in cointegrated autoregressive models
Authors: Schleicher Christoph 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThis paper investigates codependent cycles, i.e., transitory components that react to common stimuli in a similar, although not necessarily synchronous fashion. Unlike previous studies, the methodology of this paper allows FIML estimation of the restricted VAR/VECM and therefore the extraction of the unobserved codependent cyclical components via a Beveridge‐Nelson decomposition. It is further shown that the number and order of cofeature combinations that yield the scalar component models associated with codependence is limited by the dimension of a finite‐order VAR system. Monte Carlo simulations indicate that LR tests based on FIML estimates have higher power than alternative GMM and canonical correlations tests, while maintaining good size properties. An empirical application investigates the presence of codependence in UK consumption data. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Transitional CpG methylation between promoters and retroelements of tissue‐specific genes during human mesenchymal cell differentiation
Authors: Kang Moo‐Il , Kim Hye‐Soo , Jung Yu‐Chae , Kim Young‐Ho , Hong Seung‐Jin , Kim Mi‐Kyoung , Baek Ki‐Hyun , Kim Chun–Choo , Rhyu Mun‐Gan 
Published: March 2007

AbstractIn general, methylation of the promoter regions is inversely correlated with gene expression. The transitional CpG area between the promoter‐associated CpG islands and the nearby retroelements is often methylated in a tissue‐specific manner. This study analyzed the relationship between gene expression and the methylation of the transitional CpGs in two human stromal cells derived from the bone marrow (BMSC) and adipose tissue (ATSC), both of which have a multilineage differentiation potential. The transitional CpGs of the osteoblast‐specific (RUNX2 and BGLAP), adipocyte‐specific (PPARγ2), housekeeping (CDKN2A and MLH1), and mesenchyme‐unrelated (RUNX3) genes were examined by methylation‐specific PCR. The expression of each gene was measured using reverse‐transcription PCR analysis. The RUNX2, BGLAP, and CDKN2A genes in the BMSC, and the PPARγ2 gene in the ATSC exhibited hypomethylation of the transitional CpGs along with the strong expression. The CpG island of RUNX3 gene not expressed in both BMSC and ATSC was hypermethylated. Transitional hypomethylation of the MLH1 gene was accompanied by the higher expression in the BMSC than in the ATSC. The weakly methylated CpGs of the PPARγ2 gene in the BMSC became hypomethylated along with the strong expression during the osteoblastic differentiation. There were no notable changes in the transitional methylation and expression of the genes other than PPARγ2 after the differentiation. Therefore, the transitional methylation and gene expression established in mesenchymal cells tend to be consistently preserved under the induction of differentiation. Weak transitional methylation of the PPARγ2 gene in the BMSC suggests a methylation‐dependent mechanism underlying the adiopogenesis of bone marrow. J. Cell. Biochem. 102: 224–239, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Neutrophil‐activating protein‐2‐ and interleukin‐8‐mediated angiogenesis
Authors: Powell John A. , Mousa Shaker A. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractIn this study, we investigated the anti‐angiogenic potential of nitric oxide (NO) donors and anti‐integrin compounds against neutrophil‐activating protein‐2 (NAP‐2), interleukin‐8 (IL‐8), and basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF‐2)‐induced angiogenesis. In vivo, recombinant human NAP‐2 and FGF‐2 induce a potent and comparable angiogenic response in the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM). We demonstrate that NO donors and anti‐integrin agents are capable of abrogating either NAP‐2‐ or FGF‐2‐induced angiogenesis in the CAM model. The NO donor, S‐nitroso N‐acetyl penicillamine (SNAP), blocked either NAP‐2‐ or FGF‐2‐mediated angiogenesis in the CAM. Similarly, angiogenesis stimulated with NAP‐2 or FGF‐2 was blocked by antagonist of the αvβ3 integrin in the CAM model. However, the inhibition of NAP‐2 and IL‐8 by the anti‐integrin compound is significantly less than the inhibition observed with FGF‐2 as the angiogenic stimulus. Similarly, the ability of these mechanisms to also inhibit endothelial cell differentiation was demonstrated. Taken together, these data illustrate the involvement of multiple pathways in the mechanisms of action for the α‐chemokine‐ and cytokine‐mediated angiogenesis. These approaches may be a useful tool for the inhibition of angiogenesis associated with human tumor growth or with neovascular, ocular, and inflammatory diseases where chemokines and cytokines are involved. J. Cell. Biochem. 102: 412–420, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The role of the Cdk9/Cyclin T1 complex in T cell differentiation
Authors: Leucci Eleonora , De Falco Giulia , Onnis Anna , Cerino Giovanna , Cocco Mario , Luzzi Anna , Crupi Domenica , Tigli Chiara , Bellan Cristiana , Tosi Piero , Leoncini Lorenzo , Giordano Antonio 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe Cdk9/Cyclin T1 complex is very important in controlling specific differentiative pathways of several cell types, including muscle cells and neurons. We recently demonstrated the involvement of this complex in B cell activation/differentiation. To check whether the Cdk9/Cyclin T1 complex is also involved in the T cell activation/differentiation process, we isolated different T cell populations by magnetic separation, based on their surface antigens. We observed that the expression level of Cdk9/Cyclin T1 increases in effector T cells (CD27+), as well as in activated T cells (CD25+) and memory T cells (CD45RA−), thus suggesting a specific upregulation of the Cdk9/Cyclin T1 complex following antigen encounter. We have previously demonstrated that in B cells, Cdk9 interacts in vivo with the E2A gene products E12/E47 (members of the basic helix‐loop‐helix family) which are involved in differentiation. In this article, we show that this interaction also occurs in T cells. This suggests an active role for the Cdk9/Cyclin T1 complex during lymphoid differentiation, through physical binding with E12 and E47. These preliminary results suggest that the Cdk9/Cyclin T1 complex may be important in the activation and differentiation program of lymphoid cells and that its upregulation, which is due to still unknown mechanisms, may contribute to malignant transformation. J. Cell. Physiol. 212: 411–415, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Antenatal diagnosis of double outlet of right ventricle without extracardiac anomaly: A report of 4 cases
Authors: Tongsong Theera , Chanprapaph Pharuhas , Sittiwangkul Rekwan , Khunamornpong Surapan 
Published: March 2007

AbstractFour fetuses were diagnosed antenatally with double outlet of right ventricle (DORV) at 17, 20, 26, and 28 weeks' gestation, respectively, using 2‐dimensional sonography. Chromosome study was normal in all 4 cases, and there were no extracardiac abnormalities. The sonographic diagnoses were based on the following findings: (1) arising of the 2 great vessels predominantly from the right ventricle; (2) the presence of bilateral coni; and (3) parallel direction of the 2 vessels rather than the normal perpendicular course. Two cases were terminated electively with postnatal autopsy confirmation; the other 2 cases were closely monitored throughout pregnancy and underwent normal vaginal delivery at term and subsequent surgical correction with good outcome. In conclusion, DORV can be readily diagnosed in utero by checking outflow tract even without 3‐dimensional sonography and in the absence of obvious risk for congenital heart defects. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2007