bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
preventive aspect of Ayurveda & Yoga in Hypertension
Authors: Tripathi Pratibha 
Published: April 2024

Abstract- Today is the era of technology. Due to easy access of everything, people are becoming fat and devices thinner. Because of the easiness, world is now suffering from lifestyle disorders rather than contagious disease. Contagious disease can be cured may be early or later but lifestyle disorder is dificult to cure once they enter complication. One of the condition of lifestyle disorder is Hypertension. Almost 30% of world population is hypertensive till date. Still 15-20% population are unaware of the condition. Due to modernization, lack of exercise, smoking and drinking habits as fashion, food habits, etc younger generations are also getting into the problem. Symptoms usually are unnoticed till it damages heart, kidney or brain, therefore it is also called as Silent Killer. Many hypertensive drugs are in use for hypertension just to control the blood pressure. As per Ayurveda Classics, its aim it to protect the health of healthy person, and treat the diseased condition. Our classics has not described single disease which can be understood as hypertension. So according to our classics such condition should be treated using our Yukti(proper planning) and recognising Dosha ( 3 pillars of body) and Dushya (body tissues). This article is an attempt to how one can avoid the condition of hypertension through Aahar (food), Yoga (body postures) and Pranayama (breathing exercise). We aim to prevent disease, hence the preventive aspect can be understood in this topic.
Lysozyme as an alternative to antibiotics improves growth, antioxidants status, immunity, and intestinal bacteria in broiler chickens during the fattening period
Authors: El-Ratel Ibrahim T. , EL-Deep Mahmoud H. , Alharbi Nada K. , Alyoubi Worood A. A. , El-Kholy Khaled H. , Badawy Ahmed A. , Ahmed Ahmed Ezzat , El Basuini Mohammed F. M. , Alagawany Mahmoud , Fouda Sara F. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract. The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of dietary lysozyme levels on the growth performance, hematological and blood biochemical parameters, immunity, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal microbial count in broiler chickens. Three-hundred 1 d old birds (Cobb-avian500) were used and divided into five groups (five replicates per group, 60 birds per replicate). Birds in the first group were fed a control diet, while birds in the second, third, fourth, and fifth groups were fed the control diet with 0.2 g lincomycin, 1 g commercial lysozyme, 25 mg chicken egg lysozyme, and 50 mg egg lysozyme per kg of diet, respectively. Results confirmed that, in comparison with the control diet, all supplements had greater impacts on final body weight and body weight gain, and only the egg lysozyme diet (50 mg kg−1 diet) increased feed intake. Lincomycin, commercial lysozyme, and egg lysozyme (25 mg) improved the feed conversion ratio (FCR). Birds fed commercial lysozyme and egg lysozymes showed significantly increased hemoglobin and red blood cell counts. All supplements reduced white blood cells, heterophils, and heterophils / lymphocytes ratio and increased lymphocytes. All supplements significantly increased serum total protein, albumin, globulin, and glucose. The diet of egg lysozyme (50 mg kg−1) significantly decreased alpha-globulin, alanine aminotransferase, triglycerides, cholesterol, and urea levels and increased high-density lipoproteins. Diets with lincomycin, commercial lysozyme, and egg lysozyme significantly increased antioxidant capacity and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA). The interferon-gamma (IFNγ) and interlukin-2 (IL-2) were significantly improved by lincomycin, commercial lysozyme and egg lysozyme diets, but interlukin-10 (IL-10) was significantly increased only by the egg lysozyme (50 mg kg−1) diet. The total bacterial count, Salmonella, Escherichia coli, and Proteus counts were significantly decreased. Dressing rate and breast weight percentage were significantly increased by the egg lysozyme (50 mg kg−1) diet. Thigh weight percentage was increased only by the commercial lysozyme diet. In conclusion, chicken egg lysozyme (50 mg kg−1), a promising alternative for antibiotics in broiler chickens' diet, can enhance growth performance, antioxidant status, immunity, and intestinal bacteria.
Pros and cons of various efficiency criteria for hydrological model performance evaluation
Authors: Onyutha Charles 
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Confidence in hydrological predictions is linked to the model's performance in reproducing available observations. However, judgment of a model's quality is challenged by the differences which exist among the available efficiency criteria or objective functions. In this study, model outputs based on several objective functions were compared and found to differ with respect to various circumstances of variability, number of outliers, and model bias. Computational difficulty or speed of a model during calibration was shown to depend on the choice of the efficiency criterion. One source of uncertainty in hydrological modelling is the selection of a particular calibration method. However, this study showed that the choice of an objective function is another sub-source of calibration-related uncertainty. Thus, tackling the issue of uncertainties on model results should comprise combination of modelled series obtained based on (i) various objective functions separately applied to calibrate a model, (ii) different calibration methods, and (iii) several hydrological models. The pros and cons of many new and old efficiency criteria which can be found explored in this study highlight the need for modellers to understand the impact of various calibration-related sub-sources of uncertainties on model outputs.
The importance of retention times in Natural Flood Management interventions
Authors: Follett Elizabeth , Beven Keith , Hankin Barry , Mindham David , Chappell Nick 
Published: April 2024

Abstract. The starting point for this study is the simulation study of Metcalfe et al. (2018) which suggested that retention times of the order of 10 h are required for natural flood management storage features to have a maximum effect on large flow peaks. A analysis of the celerity characteristics for some log jams at Tebay Gill, Cumbria (upland UK), suggests that the impacts of storage in slowing the celerities is only of the order of minutes. An analysis of storage-discharge dynamics based on observations at 4 jams reveals that the dynamics of storages can be represented with time constants of between 3 and 213 min, still well short of those required to maximise the effects for larger flood flows. That is not to say that there will not be reduction in flood peaks for smaller events, only that for large events the effects will be limited. A spreadsheet tool for retention times has been developed to help in the design of new schemes that is freely available.
Spatially distributed calibration of a hydrological model with variational optimization constrained by physiographic maps for flash flood forecasting in France
Authors: Jay-Allemand Maxime , Demargne Julie , Garambois Pierre-André , Javelle Pierre , Gejadze Igor , Colleoni François , Organde Didier , Arnaud Patrick , Fouchier Catherine 
Published: April 2024

Abstract. This contribution presents a regionalization approach to estimate spatially distributed hydrologic parameters based on: (i) the SMASH (Spatially distributed Modelling and ASsimilation for Hydrology) hydrological modeling and assimilation platform (Jay-Allemand, 2020; Jay-Allemand et al., 2020) underlying the French national flash flood forecasting system Vigicrues Flash (Javelle et al., 2019); (ii) the variational assimilation algorithm from (Jay-Allemand et al., 2020), adapted to high dimensional inverse problems; (iii) spatial constraints added to the optimization problem, based on masks derived from physiographic maps (e.g., land cover, terrain slope); (iv) multi-site global optimization, which targets multiple independent watersheds. This method gives a regional estimation of the spatially distributed parameters over the whole modeled area. This study uses a distributed rainfall-runoff model with 4 parameters to calibrate, with a spatial resolution of 1×1 km2 and a 15 min time step. Performances of the calibrated hydrological model and the parameters robustness are evaluated on two French study areas with 20 catchments in each, in spatio-temporal extrapolation based on cross-validation experiments over a 12-year period. Several spatial regularization strategies are tested to better constrain the high dimensional optimization problem. The model parameters are calibrated based on the Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) computed for multiple calibration basins in the study area. Results are discussed based on the Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency and the Kling-Gupta Efficiency criteria obtained on calibration and validation catchments for two subperiods of 6 years. Further work aims to improve the global search of prior parameter sets and to better balance the adjoint sensitivity with respect to the spatial constraints resolution and catchment characteristics. This will ensure a better consistency of simulated fluxes variabilities and enhance the applicability of the regionalization method at higher spatial scales and over larger domains.
Evaluation of wind farm parameterizations in the WRF model under different atmospheric stability conditions with high-resolution wake simulations
Authors: García-Santiago Oscar , Hahmann Andrea N. , Badger Jake , Peña Alfredo 
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Wind farm parameterizations (WFPs) are used in mesoscale models for predicting wind farm power production and its impact on wind resources while considering the variability of the regional wind climate. However, the performance of WFPs is influenced by various factors including atmospheric stability. In this study, we compared two widely used WFPs in the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model to large-eddy simulations (LES) of turbine wakes performed with the same model. The Fitch WFP and the explicit wake parameterization were evaluated for their ability to represent wind speed and turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) in a two-turbine wind farm layout under neutral, unstable, and stable atmospheric stability conditions. To ensure a fair comparison, the inflow conditions were kept as close as possible between the LES and mesoscale simulations for each type of stability condition, and the LES results were spatially aggregated to align with the mesoscale grid spacing. Our findings indicate that the performance of WFPs varies depending on the specific variable (wind speed or TKE) and the area of interest downwind of the turbine when compared to the LES reference. The WFPs can accurately depict the vertical profiles of the wind speed deficit for either the grid cell containing the wind turbines or the grid cells in the far wake, but not both simultaneously. The WFPs with an explicit source of TKE overestimate TKE values at the first grid cell containing the wind turbine; however, for downwind grid cells, agreement improves. On the other hand, WFPs without a TKE source underestimate TKE in all downwind grid cells. These agreement patterns between the WFPs and the LES reference are consistent under the three atmospheric stability conditions. However, the WFPs resemble less the wind speed and TKE from the LES reference under stable conditions than that under neutral or unstable conditions.
Investigation the Incentive Mechanism of Prefabricated Building from Numerical Simulation of Evolutionary Game
Authors: Jianlin Mao, Jingnan Zhang , Siyue Kuang Qianhong Diao, 
Published: April 2024

The prefabricated building is significance to promote high-quality transformation of construction industry on the building. However, the development of prefabricated market on building are restricted due to unsound management system and inadequate policy implementation. This paper investigates the dynamic strategy choices among the government, construction units and component companies in promoting the prefabricated buildings from the perspective of government incentives, by introducing the evolutionary game theory. The dynamic evolution paths of both players under different factors are investigated through MATLAB numerical simulation. Correspondingly, the incentive mechanism of prefabricated building is discussed based on the obtained numerical simulation results. Finally, the scientific and reasonable formulation of incentive policies for the prefabricated buildings are provided based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation results.
Risk factors of maternal mortality due to complications in pregnancy, delivery and postpartum in Bima Regency 2011–2012
Authors: Juharni Sri , Widarsa I Ketut Tangking , Wirawan Dewa Nyoman 
Published: April 2024

The maternal mortality rate (MMR) in West Nusa Tenggara Province in 2010 is about 350/100,000 live births. This figure is higher than national and other provincial figures. Bima that constitutes a regency of West Nusa Tenggara Province has high maternal mortality cases for period of 2011-2012, namely 20 cases. The Ministry of Health classified 3 factors that affect maternal mortality, namely: medical, non-medical and health service factors. The study was aimed at finding out the risk factors that affect maternal mortality. This study is a case control study with the total samples of 20 cases and 60 controls. The data were collected through interviews by using the questionnaires. The collected data were then cross-checked with the registers existing at midwives, health record cards of pregnant women and verbal autopsy documents. The univariate, bivariate and multivariate analyses were done. Bivariate analysis was using chi square test and multivariate analysis was using logistic regression. The study revealed that factors which increase the maternal mortality rate are the level of Hb<10 gr% (OR=15.19; 95%CI: 3.25–70.97), delayed decision-making (OR=9.28; 95%CI: 2.15–84.80) and delayed medical treatment at referral facilities (OR=13.16; 95%CI: 2.28–104.86). As conclusion, the most contributing factor to maternal mortality is the level of Hb<10 gr%. The efforts to reduce mortality rate should be conducted including increasing Hb level of pregnant women, improving basic obstetric emergency handlings at community health centres for midwives/medical doctors and to improve better referral systems.
Women’s Perception, Familial and Mass Media Influence upon Ratus Vaginal Douche Usage in Bali, 2013
Authors: Widyastuti  , Zuryani Nazrina , Karmaya I Nyoman Mangku 
Published: April 2024

Background and purpose: The ratus vaginal douching technique is a treatment by evaporation in the genital area, that compound is called “ratus”. There are a number of controversies surrounding the ratus technique, especially regarding the benefits and detrimental aspects. This study applies a behaviour model Green (2007) with a focus on three factors: the determinant, supporting and stimulant. This study was aimed to understand the relationship perception, socio economic, familial, and mass media upon ratus vaginal douching usage.
Methods: This study used a quantitative approach with an analytic observational cross-sectional design. Study used random sampling of 63 samples that taken from 3 different Spas.
Results: The respondents were 44 (69.8%) who performed the ratus vaginal douching and 19 (30.2%) who had not performed. Results indicated that the variables of perception, knowledge, familial, and the mass media showed a significant correlation with the value of (p<0.05). The result of multivariate analysis came from mass media that had the greatest influence with OR=8.47 (95%CI: 1.21-59.42).
Conclusion: Mass media had the greatest influence on the use of the ratus vaginal douching in Bali Province.
Relationship between Knowledge and Attitudes with Contraceptive Use among Women of Childbearing Age at the Comoro Health Centre, Dili, Timor Leste
Authors: Gonçalves Marilia Juvi , Suariyani Ni Luh Putu , Suryadhi Nyoman Tigeh 
Published: April 2024

Background and purpose: Timor-Leste's population growth rate increased by 2.4%. Data in 2013 showed the contraceptive use among women of childbearing is only 37.3%. This study aims to determine the relationship between knowledge and attitudes with contraceptive use.
Methods: A cross-sectional was conducted with 83 female respondents. The dependent variable was contraceptive use. Knowledge concerning contraceptive use and attitudes were the independent variables. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire, however, for illiterate respondents, researcher assisted with questionnaire completion. Data analysis was conducted in stages: univariate and bivariate (chi-squared test).
Results: The majority of respondents 41 (49.4%) aged 25-34 years, 37 (44.6%) respondents obtained high school education, 62 (74.7%) were housewives, good knowledge regarding family planning (39.8%) had positive attitude (45,8%). Results indicate that there was a significant relationship between maternal knowledge (p=0.006) and attitude (p=0.017) with contraceptives use among women of childbearing age.
Conclusion: Level of knowledge and attitude are correlated to contraceptive use among women at Comoro Health Centre, Dili District, Timor Leste.
Policy for Drug Users in Indonesia: A Critical Policy Analysis of Jail Punishment and an Alternate Rehabilitation Policy
Authors: Sutarsa I Nyoman 
Published: April 2024

Given the fact that drug use is a complex problem, public intervention to change and address its determinants are crucial. Social and economic capitals should be channelled via several options, ranging from ‘pro to the poor’ policy, micro economic enterprise, diversion from informal economy, community engagement, social health insurance for poor people, economic development strategy for community and national level and employment initiatives or providing wider access for job opportunity. National public health policy strategies regarding drug user treatment are also necessary to facilitate future interventions.
Risk Factors of Low Birth Weight (LBW) among Infants at dr. R. Soedjono General Hospital East Lombok
Authors: Yuliani  , Putra I Wayan Gede Artawan Eka , Windiani I Gusti Ayu Trisna 
Published: April 2024

Background and purpose: The infant mortality rate related to low birth weight (LBW) in the East Lombok district increased from 18.0% in 2012 to 26.1% in 2013. This study aimed to identify the risk factors of LBW among infants in dr. R. Soedjono General Hospital, East Lombok.
Methods: A case-control study was conducted in dr. R. Soedjono General Hospital involving 59 LBW and 118 normal weight infants as controls (1:2) which were selected by systematic random sampling. Secondary data regarding chronic energy deficiency and anemia were collected using medical records and delivery register. Data on maternal characteristics,birth spacing, access to antenatal care, socioeconomic status, cigarette smoke exposure, wood smoke exposure and mosquito repellent exposure were collected through interviews. Data were analyzed using bivariate to determine crude OR and multivariate to calculate adjusted OR.
Results: Characteristics of cases and controls was similar in terms of education, employment and maternal parity, but significantly different in age. Multivariate analysis showed that variables significantly associated with LBW were income with OR=2.3 (95%CI: 1.06-4.9), cigarette smoke exposure with OR=2.9 (95%CI: 1.31- 6.33), chronic energy deficiency with OR=3.1 (95%CI: 1.24-7.59) and maternal ages <20 years or >35 years with OR=3.2 (95%CI: 1.46-6.90). Wood smoke exposure and anemia were not significantly associated with LBW with OR=1.2 (95%CI: 0.44-2.88) and OR=1.1 (95%CI: 0.82-1.27).
Conclusion: Risk factors associated with LBW among infants were low income, cigarette smoke exposure, chronic energy deficiency and mother’s age <20 years or >35 years.
Predictors of improved nutritional status among HIV/AIDS patients who received antiretroviral therapy (ART) at Sanglah General Hospital Denpasar
Authors: Utarini Gusti Ayu Eka , Sawitri Anak Agung Sagung , Merati Ketut Tuti Parwati 
Published: April 2024

Background and purpose: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is associated with improved nutritional status among HIV/AIDS patients. This study aims to examine proportion, median time, incidence rate, and predictors of improved nutritional status among HIV/AIDS patients who received ART at Sanglah General Hospital Denpasar.
Methods: A restrospective cohort study was conducted in Denpasar City. A total of 207 medical records of HIV/AIDS patients who received ART between 1st of January 2012 and 30th of June 2015 were included in the study. Kaplan Meier analysis was performed to calculate incidence rate and median time of improved nutritional status among HIV/AIDS patients. Sociodemographic characteristics and clinical variables included body mass index (BMI), body weight, haemoglobin level, CD4 count, HIV clinical stadium, ART regiments, and opportunistic infections (OIs). Data were analysed using cox proportional hazard model to identify predictors of improved nutritional status among HIV/AIDS patients.
Results: As many as 65.22% of HIV/AIDS patients who received ART experienced an improvement in their nutritional status with the incidence rate of 9.1 per 100 person months and median time of 6.1 months. Multivariate analysis showed that predictors of improved nutritional status were BMI at ART initiation (AHR=1.34; 95%CI: 1.16-1.5), HIV clinical stadium (AHR=1.45; 95%CI: 1.02-2.06), CD4 count at ART initiation (AHR=0.89; 95%CI: 0.81-0.99) and the presence of diarrhoea (AHR=1.83; 95%CI: 1.06-3.14).
Conclusions: Predictors of improved nutritional status among HIV/AIDS patients who received ART were BMI, HIV clinical stadium, CD4 count and diarrhoea.
Direct and Indirect Factors Influencing Selection of Birthing Attendants in Gunungsari, West Lombok (NTB)
Authors: Aryaniti Ni Nyoman , Wulandari Luh Putu Lila , Karmaya I Nyoman Mangku 
Published: April 2024

Background and purpose: This study aims to determine the direct and indirect factors influencing the selection of birth attendants in Gunungsari subdistrict, West Lombok.
Methods: This study was cross-sectional with a purposively selected sample of 27 mothers giving birth assisted by non-health professionals. Samples of those assisted by health professionals were taken by means of proportional systematic random sampling in Gunungsari and Penimbung health centers, respectively 29 of 916 and 14 of 437. Exogenous factors were maternal education levels, attendance to ANC classes, knowledge levels regarding to birthing attendants, maternal attitude, family support, and access to facilities. Birth attendant selection was the endogenous factor. Data were collected by means of interviews. Data analysis includes descriptive and inferential analysis with path analysis by linear regression.
Results: The majority of respondents were 21-25 years old (87.4%), housewives (47.14%) had education under high school (65.72%) and were married (88.57%). Family support had a direct influence in decision making with a coefficient of 0.534 and 35.54% influence overall. Attendance to ANC classes in addition to family support had an indirect influence with a coefficient of 0.520 and 34.78% influence overall. Family support had a direct influence and the factor of attendance to ANC classes and family support has an indirect effect with the overall effect of 70.32%.
Conclusion: The presence of the husband/family was needed in ANC class, through an implementation of schedule agreement.