bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
تقييم الأداء المهني لممارسي العلاقات العامة في القطاع الصحي الليبي
Authors: رجب محمد علي د . محمد 
Published: March 2024

سعت هذه الدراسة إلى تقييم واقع العلاقات العامة في مركز بنغازي الطبي , ومعرفة البرامج والأنشطة والخدمات التي تقدمها للجمهور الداخلي , بالإضافة إلى الوسائل الاتصالية التي تعتمد عليها في التواصل مع الجمهور الداخلي والخارجي , حيث اعتمد الباحث على نظرية النظم كمدخل نظري و نموذج جرونج لتوضيح الواقع العملي للعلاقات العامة, وباستخدام منهج المسح والذي يعد من ابرز المناهج التي تستخدم في مجال الدراسات الإعلامية خاصة الدراسات الوصفية وباستخدام أسلوب مسح أساليب الممارسة لكل العاملين في العلاقات العامة والإعلام (الحصر الشامل ) أعتمد الباحث على الاستبيان كأداة لجمع المعلومات من جميع الموظفين و الذين بلغ عددهم (24 ) موظفاً , حيث توصلت نتائج الدراســة إلى ضرورة تغيير مكان العلاقات العامة في الهيكل التنظيمي بالإضافة إلى ضعف البرامج و الأنشطة التي تقدمها العلاقات العامة للجمهور الداخلي , كما أنها لا تقوم بنقل الآراء والمقترحات للإدارة العليا , فضلاً عن إهمالها لأجراء البحوث والدراسات , و لا تهتم بشكاوي الجمهور الداخلي , ولا ترد على استفساراتهم , ولا تقوم بتوضيح السياسات واللوائح والقوانين الخاصة بمركز بنغازي الطبي .
The Infrared Variability of V1647 Ori over 26 yr with Spitzer, (NEO)WISE, and ISO
Authors: Kulkarni Chinmay S. , Behling Thomas , Burns-Watson Nathanael , Jones Jason , Robbins Tyler , Megeath S. Thomas , Federman Samuel , Fischer William J. , Gutermuth Robert , Pokhrel Riwaj , Zakri Wafa , Oliveira Savio B. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Outbursts from young Class 0 protostars are now being detected using 3–5 μm light curves assembled from Spitzer and WISE/NEOWISE photometry. For comparison, we present a 4–8 μm light curve of the erupting, more evolved protostar V1647 Ori (HOPS 388), assembled from photometry obtained with the ISOCAM camera on ISO, the IRAC camera on Spitzer, and from WISE and NEOWISE. Covering 26 yr, this light curve spans the longest available time interval from infrared space-based telescopes capable of separating individual young stellar objects in nearby molecular clouds. This curve does not include a two year interval where the visible-light photometry shows a large drop in brightness. In the case of V1647 Ori, we find that the increase in brightness (3.1 mag) and duration (16 yr) are similar to infrared (3–5 μm) outbursts found toward Class 0 protostars in Orion.
Clinical Instruction in Nursing: A Leveraging Tool
Authors: Kantar Lina 
Published: March 2024

Background:
Clinical educators influence the preparation of nursing students for complex professional roles. Although classroom instruction is well-structured and guided by an array of frameworks, clinical instruction remains vague. This study explored components of effective clinical instruction and the support needs of clinical educators.

Method:
A qualitative multiple case study design was used to examine the teaching experiences of 14 clinical faculty and preceptors, guided by Danielson's teaching framework.

Results:
When teaching domains of “planning” and “instruction” were emphasized, assessment of students' needs, behavioral management, and reflective practice were understated. Findings identified events and concepts deemed essential for effective clinical instruction, and participants' needs for ongoing support and guidance concurred with teaching gaps.

Conclusion:

This study attested to the complexity of clinical instruction, yet generated a clinical tool that may guide academia on designing professional programs to advance instruction in challenging clinical environments.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2024;63(3):163–170.]
Clinical profile and outcome of acute kidney injury in children admitted to paediatric intensive care unit: A prospective observational study
Authors: Rajput Gouri Chandrapalsing , Dhanawade Sara Subodh 
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a commonly encountered problem in the paediatric intensive care unit (PICU). There are limited reports on paediatric AKI from the Indian subcontinent.
Objective: To determine the incidence, aetiology and outcome in paediatric AKI using Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKIN) criteria.
Method: This prospective observational study was conducted in the PICU of a teaching hospital in Western Maharashtra, India, from July 2016 to June 2017 on patients aged 1 month to 17 years.
Results: The incidence of AKI was 18.8% (80/426). The mean age was 70 ± 60 months. Most (66.3%) cases had stage I AKI and 54% developed AKI within 72 hours. Sepsis (35%), pneumonia (25%) and tropical febrile illnesses (18.7%) were the common aetiologies. Complete recovery (CR) was seen in 79% and partial recovery (PR) in 21%. CR was highest in stage I (91%) as compared to stages II and III (p=0.005). Mortality was 22% (18/80). Mortality significantly increased with the stage of AKI (p=0.003). Mechanical ventilation, inotrope support, shock and the stage of AKI had a significant association with mortality on bivariate analysis. Mechanical ventilation was found to be a significant independent predictor of mortality (p= 0.011). Renal replacement therapy was needed in 6 (8%) cases.
Conclusions: About one-fifth of children admitted to ICU developed AKI and most experienced mild transient AKI. Moderate to severe AKI carried high mortality suggesting a dose-response effect. Infections remain the commonest cause and mechanical ventilation was an independent predictor of mortality.
Beyond Animal Charisma: A Sociological Approach to Charismatic Species
Authors: Fordahl Clayton 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Sociologists have been debating the nature of charisma since the discipline's inception. Recent debates in the sociology of charisma concern the role of social interaction and the place of organisations in the generation of charisma. As these debates have developed, the interdisciplinary field of conservation has begun to debate the concept of charismatic species. To date, literature from the conservation sciences has identified those species most likely to be identified as charismatic and those variables most frequently associated with charismatic species. However, little theorising has been done on the causes of charisma in charismatic species. This article uses the case of charismatic species to outline sociological arguments about charisma more generally. This theoretical exercise advances the literature in both sociology and conservation in several ways. For sociologists, the case of charismatic species shows that seemingly competitive models of charisma are in fact complementary. For those interested in the uses of charismatic species for conservation, this article demystifies charismatic species, demonstrating the ways in which they are historically and socially constructed.
Effectiveness of a smartphone-based virtual reality intervention on balance and functional mobility in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A pre-post experimental study
Authors: Nalawade Revati J. , Metgud Deepa C. , Sampagar Abhilasha A. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background:
The odds of survival of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has increased markedly owing to a better understanding of pathogenesis, adoption of risk stratification therapy, and availability of newer therapeutic agents. These drugs, however, may affect balance and functional mobility, leading to activity restrictions. Virtual reality (VR) is a promising rehabilitation program for motor difficulties. The study, therefore, aimed to determine the effect of a smartphone-based VR intervention on balance and functional mobility in children with ALL.

Methods:
The pre-post experimental study included 32 children with ALL between 4 and 18 years of age. They received smartphone-based VR intervention every day for a period of 2 weeks, with each session lasting for 30 minutes. Each session included five VR games that were played by the child for 5 minutes each, with 1 minute rest between the games. Pre- and post-intervention, balance and functional mobility were evaluated using the balance subset of Bruininks Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, second edition (BOT-2) and the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, respectively.

Results:
Children with ALL demonstrated a significant improvement in balance post-intervention, with a mean difference of 2.22 ± 1.75 (P < 0.0001). Functional mobility improved with a mean difference of 1.12 ± 1.09 (P < 0.0001). There was an improvement of 8.04% and 11.04% in balance and functional mobility, respectively.

Conclusion:
The study concluded that a 2-week smartphone-based VR intervention is effective in improving balance and functional mobility in children with ALL.
Urinary megalin levels in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy and its correlation with renal function
Authors: Jagennath Sudharshan , Mehalingam Vadivelan , Adole Prashant S. , Senthilkumar Gandhipuram Periyasamy 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Purpose:
Megalin is a glycoprotein molecule found on proximal renal tubular epithelial cells. The objectives of this study were to determine urinary megalin levels in non-diabetic subjects and in patients with and without type 2 diabetic nephropathy and to assess the correlation between urinary megalin, urinary albumin, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in diabetic patients.

Materials and Methods:
This was a cross-sectional comparative study conducted at a tertiary care teaching hospital in South India for 2 years. Study subjects were divided into three groups: non-diabetic subjects, diabetics with normoalbuminuria, and diabetics with microalbuminuria. Urinary albumin was detected by the dipstick technique in a spot urine sample for all study subjects. Nephelometry was used to quantify urinary albumin levels. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique estimated urinary megalin.

Results:
Urinary megalin levels were higher in non-diabetic subjects compared to diabetic study subjects. There was a significant difference in urinary megalin levels between non-diabetic subjects and diabetic patients with microalbuminuria. No correlation was found between urinary megalin, urinary albumin, and eGFR in patients with diabetic nephropathy.

Conclusion:
Urinary megalin levels were higher in non-diabetic subjects than in type 2 diabetic patients. There was no correlation between urinary megalin, urinary albumin, and eGFR in patients with diabetic nephropathy.
Role of Gender perceptions in shaping gender-based discrimination and gender equality among school-going adolescents, Telangana: A cross-sectional community-based study
Authors: Manchana Varalakshmi , Gannavarapu Srujan Vineet 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Adolescence is a unique phase of life, facilitates the transition of a child to an adult, and thus is characterized with distinctive challenges as well as potentialities. Gender socialization during adolescence is shaped by the family, culture, and social construct results to development of attitudes, with more consistent and organized vision toward self and the society.

Aim:
The present study aims to identify the gender attitudes, perceived gender role, and gender discrimination among adolescents.

Materials and Methods:
Cross-sectional descriptive design adopted to study the gender perceptions among adolescents (N = 200) between 8th and 12th standards and meeting the inclusive criteria. Data were collected on gender attributes, attitudes, and perceived discrimination based on gender. Gender equality scores measured among students were categorized between high and low.

Results:
Findings reveal the persistence of gendered attitudes, roles, and relationships based on gender; 54% girls and 58% boys reported that boys/men are expected to be tough and less emotional and (37.5% girls; 46% boys) agreed that men were decision makers in the financial and family matters and women were felt as lesser role players. Overall, 46% were with gender-biased perceptions. Girls (18%) and boys (5%) reported sexual abuse; however, for any gender abuse, only 16% preferred to seek help from the family members.

Conclusion:
Findings of the present study highlight the need for gender sensitization in education and schools to transform gender-balanced attitudes and behaviors from young age which greatly affect the inter-personal relationships, affecting behaviors and relationships in families and societies in adulthood.
Internet addiction among MBBS students at a New Delhi medical college: Prevalence and determinants of a silent pandemic
Authors: Abbas Husain , Rasheed Nazish , Mani Utsav A. , Kumar Mukesh 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Background and Objective:
The 21st century has witnessed a surge in global internet usage, particularly in developing nations like India. Internet addiction, also known as pathological internet use (PIU) or internet addiction (IA), has emerged as a mental health concern, especially among university students. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of IA among MBBS students in a medical college in Delhi, India, and explore the association of IA with sociodemographic and internet usage patterns.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional observational study was conducted among 300 undergraduate medical students. Data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire, which included the Internet Addiction Test (IAT) developed by Dr. Kimberley Young. The IAT measures various aspects of internet use, and scores are categorized as normal user, mild addiction, moderate addiction, and severe addiction. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were used for data analysis.

Results:
The mean age of onset of internet use was 14.4 ± 1.6 years. Smartphones were the most common devices used for internet access (96.3%), and the mean daily internet usage was 2.9 h ± 0.9 (standard deviation [SD]). The study found that 70.7% of students maintained a permanent login status. The majority of subjects used the Internet for coursework (89.7%) and information searches (88.7%). The prevalence of IA was significant, with 90% of participants being addicted to varying degrees. The grading of IA revealed 10% with no addiction, 54.6% with mild addiction, 32% with moderate addiction, and 3.3% with severe addiction.

Conclusion:
IA is a prevalent public health concern among medical students in Delhi, with a majority of participants being addicted to some extent. Females showed a higher proportion of addiction compared to males. Certain internet activities, such as social networking and watching online videos, were significantly associated with IA. The study highlights the need for recognizing IA as a public health concern and further research to understand its impact on the youth. Longitudinal studies are recommended to observe the development and progression of IA over time.
Prehospital care and interfacility transfer of trauma patients before reaching the emergency of a level-1 trauma care center
Authors: Hansda Upendra , Mishra Tushar S. , Topno Nitish , Sahoo Sangeeta , Mohan Sreshtaa , Chakola Sebastian 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Management of trauma patients includes prevention, prehospital care, appropriate resuscitation at a hospital, definitive treatment, and rehabilitation. Timely and adequate care for a trauma patient is paramount, which can dramatically impact survival. This study was planned to assess the proportion of patients who failed to receive adequate prehospital care before reaching our institute.

Materials and Methods:
A retrospective study was conducted in the trauma and emergency department of a level-1 trauma center in eastern India from February to April 2022. The demographic profile, vital parameters, injury, mode of transport, travel duration, referring hospital, and any interventions as per airway/breathing/circulation/hypothermia were collected.

Results:
The records of a hundred-two patients who were brought to the trauma and emergency department in the study period were reviewed. Road traffic accident involving two wheelers was the leading cause of injury. Eighty-three percent of the patients were referred from other health centers, of which 49 were referred from district headquarters hospitals. Only three patients out of 14 had been provided with an oropharyngeal airway for whom endotracheal intubation was indicated. Only one among the 41 patients needing Philadelphia collar actually received. Sixteen patients were provided supplemental oxygen out of the 35 for whom it was indicated. Out of 68 patients in whom intravenous cannulation and fluid administration were indicated, only 35 patients had received it. Out of 31 patients with fractures, none were provided immobilization.

Conclusion:
The care of the trauma patients with respect to airway, breathing, circulation, and fracture immobilization was found to be grossly inadequate, emphasizing the need of structured and protocol based prehospital trauma care.
Baseline knowledge about hypertension and sociodemographic factors related to salt intake behavior among hypertensive individuals in a rural community of Bangladesh: Substudy of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Jahan Yasmin , Rahman Md Moshiur , Moriyama Michiko 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Excess salt consumption increases blood pressure, and therefore, this substudy was designed among rural hypertensive individuals to assess the baseline knowledge about hypertension (HTN), and dietary salt intake behavior and identify the potential predictors for urinary salt excretion in Bangladesh.

Material and Methods:
A total of 420 participants were enrolled after meeting the eligibility criteria during the 12 months of the study period. The participants received behavior changes related to short message services (SMS) and face-to-face education from community health workers.

Results:
Our study results found that 80% of the participants had positive knowledge of HTN. This study showed that the mean value of overnight urinary sodium excretion was 10.65 ± 3.00 at the 1st-month follow-up and 10.24 ± 3.03 at the endline. We found that mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were significantly related to higher salt intake (P = 0.009, P = 0.011, and P = 0.005, respectively). However, participants had improved their MUAC, SBP, and DBP status in their 1st follow-up period, but still, significant associations were observed between them (P = 0.033, P = 0.011, and P = 0.002, respectively).

Conclusion:
This study’s results found that sodium excretion among hypertensive participants was higher, and higher urinary sodium excretion was associated with overweight and BP in adults. Nonetheless, the real salt intake practice among the Bangladeshi population is still unknown, which demands further research.
Evaluation of comorbidities in the SARS-CoV-2-related mortalities: A retrospective observation from a dedicated COVID-19 care hospital
Authors: Khanna Nisha , Bharti Shreekant , Guralarasan G , Surabhi  , Kumar Tarun , Sinha Ruchi , Bhadani Punam P. 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Since its discovery in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread rapidly around the world with being declared a pandemic in March 2020 by the World Health Organization (WHO). Comorbidities are one of the most concerning clinical considerations for mortality.

Materials and Methods:
This was a retrospective observational study conducted at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences in Patna, Bihar, from June 2020 to December 2020. It included adult patients who succumbed to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during this period, and their relevant information, such as demographic information hospital stay duration, haematological parameters and comorbidities, was gathered.

Results:
The mean age of the study group was 63.5 (11.8) years. Of 150 cases, 126 men (about 84 per cent) and 24 women were involved (16 per cent). In our study, hypertension (HTN) was shown to be the most frequent comorbidity at 68.7% (103/150), followed by diabetes mellitus (DM) at 61.3% (92/150). The most prevalent haematological disorder identified in our investigation was anaemia and leucocytosis.

Conclusion:
The categorisation of patients who would need extra measures including early hospitalisation, heightened monitoring and intense therapy would be made easier by identifying patient traits and conditions.
A study to evaluate the burden of hearing loss and its correlation with risk factors among high-risk infants at a teaching institution, Jaipur
Authors: Soni Rajeev , Kacker Sudhanshu , Saboo Neha 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Hearing loss is a global issue of hearing disability and early detection and rehabilitation of hearing loss are important for the development of speech and language skills in hearing-impaired infants. There are multiple risk factors that aid in hearing loss but some are potential factors that contribute toward hearing loss in infants. The aim of this study was to assess the burden of hearing loss and its correlation with risk factors among high-risk infants at a teaching institution in Jaipur, Rajasthan.

Method:
This study was carried out after approval of institutional ethics committee on a total of 320 high-risk infants at RUHS College of medical sciences and associated hospitals. Hearing loss was assessed by brainstem evoked response audiometry (BERA). Statistical analysis of data was done by cross-tabulation analysis with Pearson correlation and quantile regression.

Results:
Out of 320 high-risk infants, 59.69% of infants had normal hearing, 9.09% Unilaterally hearing impaired, 20.31% were bilaterally mild-moderate hearing loss, and 10.94% had severe-profound deafness. The prevalence of important risk factors viz. hyperbilirubinemia, low birth weight, appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, and respiration score, meconium aspiration, respiratory distress, and ventilation greater than five days were 86%, 58.9%, 40%, 36%, 29%, and 22%, respectively.

Conclusion:
In high-risk infants, hearing loss is a common hearing disorder. Because of this, early diagnosis of hearing loss gives them the best chance of developing functional speech. Brainstem evoked response audiometry is a simple, reliable, and effective technique for the assessment of auditory functions in infants.