bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two-stage revision for periprosthetic joint infection after hip and knee arthroplasty
Authors: Straub Jennifer , Staats Kevin , Vertesich Klemens , Kowalscheck Lars , Windhager Reinhard , Böhler Christoph 
Published: April 2024

AimsHistology is widely used for diagnosis of persistent infection during reimplantation in two-stage revision hip and knee arthroplasty, although data on its utility remain scarce. Therefore, this study aims to assess the predictive value of permanent sections at reimplantation in relation to reinfection risk, and to compare results of permanent and frozen sections.MethodsWe retrospectively collected data from 226 patients (90 hips, 136 knees) with periprosthetic joint infection who underwent two-stage revision between August 2011 and September 2021, with a minimum follow-up of one year. Histology was assessed via the SLIM classification. First, we analyzed whether patients with positive permanent sections at reimplantation had higher reinfection rates than patients with negative histology. Further, we compared permanent and frozen section results, and assessed the influence of anatomical regions (knee versus hip), low- versus high-grade infections, as well as first revision versus multiple prior revisions on the histological result at reimplantation. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), chi-squared tests, and Kaplan-Meier estimates were calculated.ResultsOverall, the reinfection rate was 18%. A total of 14 out of 82 patients (17%) with positive permanent sections at reimplantation experienced reinfection, compared to 26 of 144 patients (18%) with negative results (p = 0.996). Neither permanent sections nor fresh frozen sections were significantly associated with reinfection, with a sensitivity of 0.35, specificity of 0.63, PPV of 0.17, NPV of 0.81, and accuracy of 58%. Histology was not significantly associated with reinfection or survival time for any of the analyzed sub-groups. Permanent and frozen section results were in agreement for 91% of cases.ConclusionPermanent and fresh frozen sections at reimplantation in two-stage revision do not serve as a reliable predictor for reinfection.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(4):372–379.
Bone support of a custom triflange acetabular component over time
Authors: Özdemir Erim , de Lange Bram , Buckens Constantinus F. M. , Rijnen Wim H. C. , Visser Jetze 
Published: April 2024

AimsTo investigate the extent of bone development around the scaffold of custom triflange acetabular components (CTACs) over time.MethodsWe performed a single-centre historical prospective cohort study, including all patients with revision THA using the aMace CTAC between January 2017 and March 2021. A total of 18 patients (18 CTACs) were included. Models of the hemipelvis and the scaffold component of the CTACs were created by segmentation of CT scans. The CT scans were performed immediately postoperatively and at least one year after surgery. The amount of bone in contact with the scaffold was analyzed at both times, and the difference was calculated.ResultsThe mean time between the implantation and the second CT scan was two years (1 to 5). The mean age of the patients during CTAC implantation was 75 years (60 to 92). The mean scaffold-bone contact area increased from 16% (SD 12.6) to 28% (SD 11.9). The mean scaffold-bone distance decreased from a mean of 6.5 mm (SD 2.0) to 5.5 mm (SD 1.6). None of the CTACs were revised or radiologically loose.ConclusionThere was a statistically significant increase of scaffold-bone contact area over time, but the total contact area of the scaffold in relation to the acetabular bone remained relatively low. As all implants remained well fixed, the question remains to what extend the scaffold contributes to the observed stability, in relation to the screws. A future design implication might be an elimination of the bulky scaffold component. This design modification would reduce production costs and may optimize the primary fit of the implant.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(4):359–364.
Patient-reported outcome measures in hip fracture patients
Authors: Kjærvik Cato , Gjertsen Jan-Erik , Stensland Eva , Dybvik Eva H. , Soereide Odd 
Published: April 2024

AimsThe aims of this study were to assess quality of life after hip fractures, to characterize respondents to patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), and to describe the recovery trajectory of hip fracture patients.MethodsData on 35,206 hip fractures (2014 to 2018; 67.2% female) in the Norwegian Hip Fracture Register were linked to data from the Norwegian Patient Registry and Statistics Norway. PROMs data were collected using the EuroQol five-dimension three-level questionnaire (EQ-5D-3L) scoring instrument and living patients were invited to respond at four, 12, and 36 months post fracture. Multiple imputation procedures were performed as a model to substitute missing PROM data. Differences in response rates between categories of covariates were analyzed using chi-squared test statistics. The association between patient and socioeconomic characteristics and the reported EQ-5D-3L scores was analyzed using linear regression.ResultsThe median age was 83 years (interquartile range 76 to 90), and 3,561 (10%) lived in a healthcare facility. Observed mean pre-fracture EQ-5D-3L index score was 0.81 (95% confidence interval 0.803 to 0.810), which decreased to 0.66 at four months, to 0.70 at 12 months, and to 0.73 at 36 months. In the imputed datasets, the reduction from pre-fracture was similar (0.15 points) but an improvement up to 36 months was modest (0.01 to 0.03 points). Patients with higher age, male sex, severe comorbidity, cognitive impairment, lower income, lower education, and those in residential care facilities had a lower proportion of respondents, and systematically reported a lower health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The response pattern of patients influenced scores significantly, and the highest scores are found in patients reporting scores at all observation times.ConclusionHip fracture leads to a persistent reduction in measured HRQoL, up to 36 months. The patients’ health and socioeconomic status were associated with the proportion of patients returning PROM data for analysis, and affected the results reported. Observed EQ-5D-3L scores are affected by attrition and selection bias mechanisms and motivate the use of statistical modelling for adjustment.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(4):394–400.
Public health and clinical implications of Dobbs v. Jackson for patients and healthcare providers: A scoping review
Authors: Zhu David T. , Zhao Lucy , Alzoubi Tala , Shenin Novera , Baskaran Teerkasha , Tikhonov Julia , Wang Catherine 
Published: March 2024

Introduction
On June 24, 2022, the U.S. Supreme Court’s decision in Dobbs v. Jackson reversed the precedent set forth by Roe v. Wade, empowering individual states to regulate abortion care. This aftermath of this ruling has given rise to widespread bans, limiting the accessibility of abortion services for patients and impeding providers’ ability to deliver a comprehensive spectrum of reproductive health services. Of particular concern is the disproportionate impact on medically underserved groups, further heightening existing social and structural disparities in reproductive health.

Methods
We conducted a scoping review to broadly evaluate the clinical and public health impact of Dobbs on patients’ access to abortion care and related reproductive health services, in addition to the training and clinical practice of healthcare providers. We searched eight bibliographic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Embase, PsycINFO, Google Scholar, Science Direct, JSTOR, and Web of Science) and three preprint servers (medRxiv, bioRxiv, and Europe PMC) using various combinations of keywords related to ‘abortion’, ‘Dobbs’, and ‘Roe’ on March 22, 2023. Four reviewers independently screened the studies based on pre-specified eligibility criteria and one reviewer performed data extraction for pre-identified themes. The search was conducted based on PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRSIMA-ScR) guidelines.

Results
Eighteen studies, comprising 12 peer-reviewed articles and 6 study abstracts, met the inclusion criteria. The studies demonstrated that Dobbs increased demand for contraception, magnified existing travel- and cost-related barriers to access, further polarized views on abortion and complex family planning on social media (e.g., Twitter), and evoked substantial concerns among medical trainees regarding their scope of practice and potential legal repercussions for providing abortion care.

Conclusion
In the wake of Dobbs v. Jackson, further public health and clinical interventions are urgently needed to bridge disparities in abortion care and reproductive health, mitigating the deleterious consequences of this emerging public health crisis.
A systematic review of the associations between sedentary behavior, physical inactivity, and non-motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Khan Aiza , Ezeugwa Joy , Ezeugwu Victor E. 
Published: March 2024

Background
Parkinson’s disease (PD), known for motor symptoms, often presents early non-motor issues that significantly affect patients’ quality of life. While effective treatments are limited, physical activity and exercise offer potential benefits. However, an overlooked aspect of the movement intensity continuum is prolonged sitting or sedentary behavior, and physical inactivity. Thus, this study aimed to conduct a systematic review investigating the associations between sedentary behavior, physical inactivity, and non-motor symptoms, specifically cognitive impairment, depression, and poor sleep in PD.

Methods
Conforming to PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search of the literature was conducted via electronic databases including MEDLINE, CINAHL, Scopus, PubMed and PsycINFO up to February 28, 2023. Studies were included if they investigated associations between sedentary behavior or physical inactivity and at least one non-motor symptom such as depression, poor sleep, and/or cognitive impairment, in adults aged 18 years or older with PD. Quality assessment of the studies was performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for cross-sectional and cohort studies.

Results
Of the 463 publications found, 7 studies met the inclusion criteria (n = 980 unique participants). Sample sizes ranged from 17 to 487 participants, and all studies were observational, conducted in home or community settings. Collectively, these studies show that higher amounts of both objectively-measured and self-reported sedentary time are associated with worse scores on standardized measures of cognition and the Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire (PDQ) summary index and its subscales, such as cognition (memory and concentration). Additionally, longitudinal cohort studies suggest that physical inactivity and higher sedentary behavior are associated with depression and cognitive impairment in PD. Less sleep was associated with higher sedentary behavior.

Conclusion
Associations observed between physical inactivity, sedentary behavior, and non-motor symptoms in PD underscore the need to address these factors for enhanced well-being. Further well-designed studies are essential to assess the impact of reducing sedentary behavior and physical inactivity on non-motor symptoms in PD.
Prospero registration number: PROSPERO (ID: CRD42023405422) on April 11, 2023.
Assessing fall risk and equilibrium function in patients with age-related macular degeneration and glaucoma: An observational study
Authors: Tokunaga Takahiro , Takegawa Rinako , Ueta Yoshiki , Manabe Yasuhiro , Fushiki Hiroaki 
Published: April 2024

Background
Falls in older adults are a significant public health concern, and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and glaucoma have been identified as potential visual risk factors. This study was designed to assess equilibrium function, fall risk, and fall-related self-efficacy (an individual’s belief in their capacity to act in ways necessary to reach specific goals) in patients with AMD and glaucoma.

Methods
This observational study was performed at the Otorhinolaryngology Department of Shinseikai Toyama Hospital. The cohort comprised 60 participants (AMD; n = 30; median age, 76.0 years; and glaucoma; n = 30; median age, 64.5 years). Visual acuity and visual fields were assessed using the decimal best-corrected visual acuity and Humphrey visual field tests, respectively. The evaluation metrics included pathological eye movement analysis, bedside head impulse test, single-leg upright test, eye-tracking test, optokinetic nystagmus, and posturography. Furthermore, we administered questionnaires for fall risk determinants including the Dizziness Handicap Inventory, Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Scale, Falls Efficacy Scale-International, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and Spearman’s correlation analysis was employed to examine the interrelations among the equilibrium function, fall risk, and other pertinent variables.

Results
Most participants exhibited standard outcomes in equilibrium function evaluations. Visual acuity and field deficits had a minimal impact on subjective dizziness manifestations, degree of disability, and fall-related self-efficacy. Both groups predominantly showed high self-efficacy. No significant correlation was observed between visual acuity or field deficits and body equilibrium function or fall risk. However, greater peripheral visual field impairment was associated with a tendency for sensory reweighting from visual to somatosensory.

Conclusion
Self-efficacy was higher and fall risk was relatively lower among patients with mild-to-moderate visual impairment, with a tendency for sensory reweighting from visual to somatosensory in those with greater peripheral visual field impairment. Further studies are required to validate these findings.
The effect of coronary stent policies on the risk of percutaneous coronary intervention among acute coronary syndrome patients in Shanghai: Real-world evidence
Authors: Shao Zhenyi , Lu Dongzhe , Wang Yue , Xue Di 
Published: April 2024

Objective
This study aimed to analyze the effect of coronary stent policies implemented in Shanghai on the risk of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) inpatients based on real-world data.

Methods
Two retrospective cohorts of inpatients with a first diagnosis of ACS who had undergone PCI for the first time in the previous year in Shanghai hospitals were examined (one for the postpolicy period and the other for the prepolicy period). χ2 tests were used to compare categorical variables between the two cohorts. Single- and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were used to compare the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) between the two cohorts.

Results
A total of 31,760 ACS patients were included in this study. The proportion of ACS inpatients who had at least one bid-winning stent and 3 or more coronary stents implanted for first-time PCI in the postpolicy cohort was higher than that in the prepolicy cohort (86.52% vs. 55.67% and 6.27% vs. 4.39%, respectively; all p values < 0.0001). The single- and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models revealed that the unadjusted and adjusted hazard ratios for MACEs at 1 year after PCI for the postpolicy cohort relative to the prepolicy cohort were 0.869 (P<0.0001) and 0.814 (P = 0.0007), respectively.

Conclusions
The implementation of coronary stent policies changed coronary stent utilization but had no significant adverse effects on the risk of PCI among ACS patients in Shanghai in the short term. However, the reasons for changes in the number of coronary stents implanted should be analyzed and addressed in the future.
Assessing the pattern of key factors on women’s empowerment in Bangladesh: Evidence from Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey, 2007 to 2017–18
Authors: Akter Sahera , Hosen Md. Solayman , Khan Md. Shehab , Pal Bikash 
Published: March 2024

Background
With half a female population, empowering women can be a key factor in our country’s global advancement. Focusing on household decision-making and attitudes toward wife beating, our study addresses the dearth of research exploring how different socio-economic and demographic factors associated with women’s empowerment evolve over the past decade in Bangladesh (from BDHS 2007 to BDHS 2017–18).

Methods
Data from four waves of Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS, 2007 to BDHS, 2017–18) were used in this study. We put forth two domains—household decision-making and attitudes toward domestic violence—to assess women’s empowerment. Principal component analysis (PCA) was employed to create women’s empowerment index. To assess the unadjusted association between the selected covariates and women’s empowerment, Pearson Chi-square test and ANOVA F test have been used, while adjusted association has been analyzed through proportional odds model (POM).

Results
In BDHS 2017–18, women from urban areas experienced ‘high’ empowerment than women in rural areas (56.08% vs. 45.69%). A notable change has been observed in the distribution of women’s empowerment index by education over the survey years. Findings also showed that in all the survey years, division, place of residence, education level, number of living children, media exposure, wealth index, working status, and relationship with household head have been found to have significant association with women’s empowerment index. For instance, women who completed secondary education in 2007, 2011, 2014, and 2017–18, respectively have 14.4%, 31.8%, 24.6%, and 39.6% higher odds of having empowerment compared to those who were uneducated. Further, age at first marriage, spousal age gap, NGO membership etc. emerged as a contributing factor in specific survey years.

Conclusion
Our study affirmed that, over a ten-year period, women were more likely to protest against physical violence and to participate in various decision-making regarding their personal and social life. Empowerment is notably higher among women in urban residents, those with secondary education, 1–2 children, media exposure, and employment. Policy recommendations should emphasize targeted measures to raise awareness and empower uneducated, unemployed, economically disadvantaged, and physically oppressed women.
BLOOMS OF Ceratium furcoides (LEVANDER) LANGHANS AND Cylindrospermopsis raciboskii (WOLOSZYNSKA) SEENAYYA & SUBBA RAJU IN LOWER SÃO FRANCISCO (NORTHEAST OF BRAZIL)
Authors: Melo-Magalhães Enaide Marinho , Brandini Nilva , Abreu Flávio Caxico de , Santos-Júnior Rivaldo Couto dos , Medeiros Paulo Ricardo Petter de 
Published: April 2024

The study aimed to record blooming episodes of the dinoflagellate Ceratium furcoides (Levander) Langhans 1925 and the cyanobacterium Cylindrospermopsis raciboskii (Woloszynska) Seenayya & Subba Raju in some areas of the São Francisco River Basin, Northeast region of Brazil. Water collections for determination of nutrients, chlorophyll a and phytoplankton density were carried out in the surface layer were collected from May/2015 to December/2016, in seven stations located in the counties of Delmiro Gouveia, Piranhas (Alagoas) and Paulo Afonso (Bahia). The determination of density (cell.mL-1) was performed in an inverted microscope (Zeiss Axiovert). During the study, the average water temperature varied between 26,38 ºC and 30.70 ºC, the pH remained alkaline, the dissolved oxygen contents were between 3.99mg.L-1 and 17.57 mg.L-1, the turbidity varied between 0.21UNT and 26.4 UNT. The maximum value for nitrate was 509.16 µg.L-1 and for total phosphorus was 92.46 µm.L-1. In May 2015, dark stains were visibly observed in some parts of the São Francisco River. These spots were caused by the accumulation of the dinoflagellate Ceratium furcoides. The bloom started in May 2015 with a maximum density of 5,600 cel.mL-1 (Biovolume 112.80µm3.L-1), decreasing considerably in the subsequent months (June, July and November) with densities below 260 cel.mL-1 ( Biovolume 5.24µm3.L-1). In February 2016 it reached another peak with a maximum density of 5,470 cell.mL-1 (Biovolume 113.97µm3.L-1) declining again in June, August and December/2016, with densities below 140 cell.mL-1 (Biovolume 2.92µm3.L-1). The highest density C. raciboskii was observed in June/2016, with 198,000 cell.mL-1 (Biovolume 884.31µm3.L-1). C. furcoides blooms are normally not toxic, whereas C. raciboskii is considered toxic. These microalgae have harmful effects on the entire aquatic community, affecting the balance of the ecosystem. The record of blooms of this species is relevant, as it provides important information about its distribution and dispersion in Brazilian aquatic systems.
Resorption of lumbar disc herniations: a non-systematic literature review
Authors: Sanginov A. J. , Isakov I. D. , Akhmetyanov Sh. A. , Peleganchuk A. V. 
Published: April 2024

Objective. To analyze the information on spontaneous resorption of lumbar disc herniation.Material and Methods. A non-systematic review of 37 publications on resorption of disc herniation was conducted. The data on the timing, mechanisms and predictors of regression of lumbar disc herniation were summarized. A clinical case is presented illustrating the resorption of a herniated L4–L5 intervertebral disc over 8 months.Results. The frequency and timing of resorption of lumbar disc herniation vary depending on the number of patients, follow-up period, the type and nature of the hernial bulging, and other characteristics of patients. The results of meta-analyses indicate that the average period of spontaneous resorption of lumbar disc herniation is more than 6 months. The main theories of spontaneous resorption of lumbar disc herniation are the dehydration theory, the mechanical theory, and mechanisms associated with inflammatory processes and neovascularization. Currently, predictors of disc herniation resorption include the type and size of the hernia, follow-up period, Modic changes, etc. Existing data on the timing, mechanisms and predictors of resorption of lumbar disc herniation are insufficient to improve treatment tactics for this category of patients.Conclusion. Herniated lumbar intervertebral discs tend to undergo spontaneous regression which, however, is not observed in all patients. The mechanisms of resorption can be different, and the fact of resorption itself can occur in different types of hernia with different frequencies. An analysis of large data sets is necessary to more accurately determine the timing and predictors of resorption of lumbar disc hernias.