bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Intraclass Correlation Coefficient as a Measure of Educational Inequality: An Empirical Study with Data from PISA 2018
Authors: YARDIM Yasemin , CÜVİTOĞLU Gürkan , AYDIN Burak 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this study we utilized data from the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) to investigate differences in schools’ average mathematics scores by treating intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) as a measure of educational inequality. We computed ICCs both with unconditional and conditional multilevel models for 79 PISA 2018 participating countries and meta-analyzed the results. There are two main purposes of this study; to quantify the inequality after controlling for common PISA-variables across countries and try to explain heterogeneity at the country level, to investigate the school differences in Türkiye due to its large ICCs and the authors’ familiarity with its educational system. The results showed that PISA variables that are common across countries reduced the unconditional ICC by 5% to 73%, further at least 50% of the heterogeneity in conditional ICCs was explained by the country level non-PISA variables. The tracking age, cultural differences and Gross Domestic Product variables were particularly important to explain differences in conditional ICCs. The Türkiye specific model, consistent with the meta-analysis results, indicated that the school type is a substantial predictor to understand ICC. Overall, we briefly explained the important variables that might be helpful to investigate ICC for researchers, administrators and policy makers who are interested in studying educational inequality from a quantitative perspective.
Application of machine learning and statistical approaches for optimization of heavy metals (Cd2+, Pb2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+) adsorption onto carbonized char prepared from PET plastic bottle waste
Authors: Chakraborty Tapos Kumar , Rahman Md. Sozibur , Islam Khandakar Rashedul , Nice Md. Simoon , Netema Baytune Nahar , Zaman Samina , Ghosh Gopal Chandra , Rayhan Md Abu , Khan Md. Jahed Hassan , Munna Asadullah , Haque Md. Muhaiminul , Bosu Himel , Hossain Nazmul , Halder Monishanker , Khan Abu Shamim 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
This study focuses on the probable use of carbonized char prepared from PET plastic bottles for heavy metals (HMs) adsorption (Cd2+, Pb2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+). The prepared adsorbent is characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Batch adsorption experiments were conducted with the influencing of different operational conditions: contact time (1–180 min), adsorbate concentration (25–300 mg/L), adsorbent dose (0.5–6 g/L), pH (3–7), and temperature (25–60 ºC). High coefficient value [Cd2+ (R2 = 0.99), Pb2+ (R2 = 0.97), Cu2+ (R2 = 0.94), and Zn2+ (R2 = 0.98)] of process optimization model suggest that this model was significant, where pH and adsorbent dose expressively stimulus removal efficiency including 86.68, 73.66, 67.10, and 57.04% for Cd2+, Pb2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+ at pH (7), respectively. Furthermore, ANN and BB-RSM revealed a good association between the tested and projected values. The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of Cd2+, Pb2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+ was 263.157, 78.740, 196.078, and 84.745 mg/g, respectively. Pseudo-second-order was the well-suited kinetics, where Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm could explain better for equilibrium adsorption data. Thermodynamic study shows HMs adsorption is favorable, exothermic, and spontaneous.
Evaluation of Urinary Interleukin-18 Changes in Patients Treated with
Vancomycin
Authors: Azarfar Anoush , Ravanshad Yalda , Ataei Nakhaei Alireza , Mirfendereski Kimia , Kheirabadi Toktam 
Published: March 2024

Background:
Vancomycin, used to treat severe gram-positive infections, can induce acute kidney injury. Some evidence introduced Interleukin-18 (IL-18) as an
inflammatory mediator of ischemic damage to many organs and urinary IL-18 as a diagnostic biomarker of acute tubular necrosis.

Objective:
The current study aimed to evaluate the urinary level of IL-18 after vancomycin therapy.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted on patients under treatment with vancomycin selected from those referred to Dr. Sheikh Hospital,
Mashhad, Iran, from 2018-2019. Urinary IL-18 was measured based on nanograms per milliliter using a human IL-18 enzyme-linked
immunosorbent assay kit about this cytokine before vancomycin administration and then two days later. All the analyses were performed in SPSS
software (version 25), and a P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
A total of 36 patients with a mean age of 40.06±36.67 months were included in the study. The mean scores of IL-18 before and after taking
vancomycin were 1453.00±555.01 and 1713.00±660.98, respectively. The IL-18 was significantly lower before vancomycin consumption than the
level reported after 48 h (P<0.05).

Conclusions:
The present study highlighted a higher level of urinary IL-18 after vancomycin treatment, which may indicate kidney injuries. Therefore, it may be
considered a potential biomarker of acute tubular necrosis in patients under vancomycin therapy.
A Snapshot of Selenium-enclosed Nanoparticles for the Management of Cancer
Authors: Deshmukh Rohitas , Singh Rajesh , Sharma Sandeep , Mishra Ashwini Kumar , Harwansh Ranjit Kumar 
Published: March 2024

Abstract:
Among the primary causes of mortality in today's world is cancer. Many drugs are employed to
give lengthy and severe chemotherapy and radiation therapy, like nitrosoureas (Cisplatin, Oxaliplatin), Antimetabolites
(5-fluorouracil, Methotrexate), Topoisomerase inhibitors (Etoposide), Mitotic inhibitors (Doxorubicin);
such treatment is associated with significant adverse effects. Antitumor antibiotics have side effects similar
to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element for humans and animals,
and additional Se supplementation is required, particularly for individuals deficient in Se. Due to its unique features
and high bioactivities, selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs), which act as a supplement to counter Se deficiency,
have recently gained worldwide attention. This study presented a safer and more economical way of preparing
stable SeNPs. The researcher has assessed the antiproliferative efficiency of SeNPs-based paclitaxel delivery
systems against tumor cells in vitro with relevant mechanistic visualization. SeNPs stabilized by Pluronic
F-127 were synthesized and studied. The significant properties and biological activities of PTX-loaded SeNPs
on cancer cells from the lungs, breasts, cervical, and colons. In one study, SeNPs were formulated using chitosan
(CTS) polymer and then incorporated into CTS/citrate gel, resulting in a SeNPs-loaded chitosan/citrate
complex; in another study, CTS was used in the synthesis of SeNPs and then situated into CTS/citrate gel, resulting
in Se loaded nanoparticles. These formulations were found to be more successful in cancer treatment.
Rare Metastatic Embryonal Carcinoma Resembling Lymphoma: A Case Report
Authors: Li Chunying , Ji Xin , Luan Jinwei , Du Juntong , Zhou Yang , Wang Xinxin , Zhang Ying , Guo Sainan , Li Jiaqi , Li Xianglan 
Published: March 2024

Background:
Embryonal carcinoma is a rare tissue type in germ cell tumors. According to our literature review, metastatic embryonal carcinoma misdiagnosed
as lymphoma because of its high similarity to lymphoma is extremely rare and has not been reported yet.

Case Presentation:
A 46-year-old middle adulthood male presented with unexplained fever, night sweats, abdominal distension for 3 months, and weight loss of
around 7kg during almost 6 months, which is extremely similar to lymphoma from the clinical features and imaging examinations. After a clear
diagnosis, the case not only obtained the opportunity of surgery but was also exempted from radiotherapy. The treatment effect was good. We
report a case of rare metastatic embryonal carcinoma, which can provide insight into the diagnosis and treatment of embryonal carcinoma.

Conclusion:
Metastatic embryonal carcinoma of abdominal lymph nodes can be highly similar to lymphoma; the diagnosis can only be based on clinical
manifestations and imaging examination but also combined with patient history, tumor markers and biochemical examination. However, the final
diagnosis depends on pathological biopsy.
Validation and Refinement of the Sense of Coherence Scale for a French Population: Observational Study
Authors: Sebo Paul , Tudrej Benoit , Bernard Augustin , Delaunay Bruno , Dupuy Alexandra , Malavergne Claire , Maisonneuve Hubert 
Published: March 2024

Background
Salutogenesis focuses on understanding the factors that contribute to positive health outcomes. At the core of the model lies the sense of coherence (SOC), which plays a crucial role in promoting well-being and resilience.

Objective
Using the validscale Stata command, we aimed to assess the psychometric properties of the French version of the 3-dimension 13-item SOC questionnaire (SOC-13), encompassing the comprehensibility, manageability, and meaningfulness dimensions. We also aimed to determine if a refined scale, assessed through this method, exhibits superior psychometric properties compared to the SOC-13.

Methods
A sample of 880 consecutive primary care patients recruited from 35 French practices were asked to complete the SOC-13. We tested for internal consistency and scalability using the Cronbach α and Loevinger H coefficients, respectively, and we tested for construct validity using confirmatory factor analysis and goodness-of-fit indices (root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] and comparative fit index [CFI]).

Results
Of the 880 eligible patients, 804 (91.4%) agreed to participate (n=527, 65.6% women; median age 51 years). Cronbach α and Loevinger H coefficients for the SOC-13 were all <0.70 and <0.30, respectively, indicating poor internal consistency and poor scalability (0.64 and 0.29 for comprehensibility, 0.56 and 0.26 for manageability, and 0.46 and 0.17 for meaningfulness, respectively). The RMSEA and CFI were >0.06 (0.09) and <0.90 (0.83), respectively, indicating a poor fit. By contrast, the psychometric properties of a unidimensional 8-item version of the SOC questionnaire (SOC-8) were excellent (Cronbach α=0.82, Loevinger H=0.38, RMSEA=0.05, and CFI=0.97).

Conclusions
The psychometric properties of the 3-dimension SOC-13 were poor, unlike the unidimensional SOC-8. A questionnaire built only with these 8 items could be a good candidate to measure the SOC. However, further validation studies are needed before recommending its use in research.
DESIGN, FABRICATION, IN VITRO, AND EX-VIVO PERMEATION STUDY OF MICRO-EMULSIFIED HYDROGEL OF FLUCONAZOLE (MHG-FLCZ) USING A CENTRAL COMPOSITE DESIGN (CCD)
Authors: GHOSH SOUMYADIP , BASAK ANKITA , GANGULY DEBGOPAL , POREY ANKITA 
Published: March 2024

Objective: The current study's objective was to develop and characterize a micro-hydrogel-based fluconazole (FLCZ) gel. A micro-hydrogel (Mhg) was prepared using different concentrations of Carbopol 940 (CP) and NaCMC using the modified swelling hydrogel method.
Methods: A Preformulation study was performed using FTIR to confirm the drug and polymers were compatible with each other based on the functional group determination. 32 optimization procedures were used to develop formulations based on the response surface methodology. The prepared formulations were evaluated for entrapment efficiency, spreadability, viscosity, and visual examination using binocular microscopy and in vitro drug release using Franz diffusion cells.
Results: The optimized formulation F2 reported entrapment efficiency of 65.09±0.41%, and viscosity of 11100±1.21 cps. The in vitro release of drug for the prepared formulations was performed for 8 h. and the optimized formulation showed better-controlled drug release compared to other formulations. It was observed that the optimized batch, percentage of drug permeability through the skin at 8 h of ex-vivo study shows 84.67±0.67% and in vitro drug release study (93.22%) through Franz diffusion cell, which suggests that the drug (Optimum batch) can easily penetrate through the skin and showed the highest drug release in a stipulated time interval.
Conclusion: The use of an optimized Mhg-FLCZ gel formulation as it has excellent homogeneity, a pH that is close to that of the skin, and suitable thixotropic characteristics relates to that much more convenience than the conventional dosage form. The in vitro and ex-vivo study data proved its suitability as a better alternative to conventional products in the effective treatment of skin infections.
“El libro y la edición digitales: lenguajes y narrativas para el futuro”. Panorama histórico del libro y la edición digital
Authors: García Santos Saraí 
Published: March 2024

Reseña de Panorama histórico del libro y la edición digital. Fernando Cruz Quintana. Guadalajara, Jalisco; Colombia; Córdoba, Argentina; Chile: Universidad de Guadalajara / Universidad de los Andes, Ediciones Uniandes / Universidad Nacional de Villa María / Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 2022, 151 p. ISBN: 9786075715964.
A FRAMEWORK TO IMPROVE THE IMPLEMENTATION OF BUSINESS ETHICS IN ISLAMIC BUSINESS ORGANISATIONS
Authors: Nugraheni Peni , Musa Alhabshi Syed , Rosman Romzie 
Published: March 2024

This paper attempts to conduct a review of ethics in Islamic business entities by providing a conceptual framework of Islamic ethical values which is linked to the triple bottom line. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method to discuss these values based on the literature on Islamic ethics and Islamic business ethics. While some ethical values may be implemented similarly in both conventional and Islamic organisations, from the Islamic perspective, the spirit, process, and result become one single unit that must not violate Islamic principles. Humans are not judged solely by the result achieved but also by the process and effort (ikhtiyar). None of our activities should thus occur at the expense of other mahluq. The ability to measure the conformity of a company’s business activities with Islamic business ethics will show the extent to which it has implemented Islamic principles and affirm the organisation’s identity.
Abstrak: Paper ini mencoba melakukan tinjauan terhadap etika pada entitas bisnis syariah dengan memberikan kerangka konseptual nilai-nilai etika Islam yang terkait dengan triple bottom line. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif yang membahas nilai-nilai tersebut berdasarkan literatur etika Islam dan etika bisnis Islam. Meskipun beberapa nilai etika dapat diterapkan secara umum baik dalam lembaga konvensional maupun Lembaga syariah, namun dalam perspektif Islam, semangat, proses, dan hasil menjadi satu kesatuan yang tidak boleh melanggar prinsip-prinsip Islam. Manusia tidak dinilai hanya dari hasil yang dicapai tetapi juga dari proses dan usahanya (ikhtiyar). Oleh karena itu, tidak boleh ada aktivitas kita yang mengorbankan mahluq lain. Kemampuan mengukur kesesuaian kegiatan bisnis perusahaan dengan etika bisnis Islam akan menunjukkan sejauh mana perusahaan telah menerapkan prinsip-prinsip Islam dan menegaskan identitas organisasi.
Kata Kunci: Etika Bisnis Islam, Organisasi Bisnis Islam, Nilai-Nilai Etika, Triple Bottom Line
PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR SENAM RITMIK BERBASIS DIGITAL DI UNIVERSITAS SAMUDRA
Authors: Fitria Fitria , Roberto Julio , Syahputra Muhajjir , Kurniawan Rizkei , Aprial. M Benny 
Published: March 2024

Keberadaan bahan ajar untuk materi senam ritmik di tingkat perguruan tinggi Universitas Samudra sudah tersedia dengan baik hanya saja, belum tersedia nya petunjuk tutorial pelaksanaan per materi ajar yang berbasis digital dalam bentuk video youtube. Bahan ajar senam ritmik yang selama ini hanya meliputi tampilan gambar-gambar yang ada di buku dan memakai musik senam pada umumnya tidak terkhusus dalam materi ajar. Dalam hal ini tentunya menyulitkan mahasiswa dalam memahami materi perkuliahan sehingga tidak tercapai dengan maksimal kemampuan motoriknya dan pembelajaran yang sesuai dengan Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka tahun 2023. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan bahan ajar senam ritmik berbasis digital di Universitas Samudra. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Research and Development (R&D) dengan model pengembangan ADDIE. Subjek penelitian ini berjumlah 58 mahasiswa program studi Pendidikan Jasmani. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan cara deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa: (1) penilaian oleh ahli meliputi substansi aspek materi dan aspek desain pembelajaran dikategorikan “Sangat Layak” dengan presentase nilai 82,97%. (2) penilaian materi oleh dosen sebagai user meliputi substansi aspek materi dan aspek desain pembelajaran dikategorikan “Sangat Layak” dengan presentase nilai sebesar 87,82%. (3) penilaian respon peserta didik yaitu The Computer System Usability meliputi aspek kegunaan, kualitas informasi, dan kualitas tampilan video dikategorikan “Sangat Layak” dengan presentase nilai sebesar “82,92%”.
EFEKTIFITAS PEMBELAJARAN MODEL ADVANCE ORGANIZER DENGAN MEDIA INTERNET TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR DAN KARAKTER KEMANDIRIAN SISWA
Authors: Nasution Mutiara Agustina , Sari Dwy Puspita , Putri Intan Permata , Perdana Simanjuntak Yanthy Leonita 
Published: March 2024

Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui bagaimana efektifitas model pembelajaran advance organizer dengan media internet terhadap hasil belajar dan tingkat kemandirian siswa. Jenis penelitian adalah quasi eksperimen. Populasi penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI IPA di MAN 3 Medan. Tiga kelas eksperimen yaitu X1, X2 dan X3 sebagai sampel melalui teknik random sampling, masing-masing 27 orang siswa. X1 adalah kelas dengan pembelajaran model direct instruction, X2 diberi pembelajaran advance organizer dan media internet dan X3 diberi pembelajaran model pembelajaran advance organizer tanpa media. Untuk mengukur hasil belajar digunakan instrument tes, sedang instrument non-tes digunakan dalam pengukuran karakter kemandirian. Dengan Uji ANOVA One Way, didapati rata-rata hasil belajar kelas X1, X2 dan X3 berturut sebesar 68.44, 72.26, dan 72.04 serta hasil karakter kemandirian siswa sebesar 36.22, 38.48, dan 35.96. Dari data didapat bahwa kelas dengan nilai rata-rata hasil belajar dan karakter kemandirian yang paling tinggi adalah kelas X2. Nilai signifikansi uji ANOVA One Way sebesar 0,016 untuk hasil belajar dan 0,019 untuk karakter kemandirian, ini membuktikan pengaruh variasi model pembelajaran terhadap hasil belajar juga karakter kemandirian siswa. Dari hasil uji korelasi antara hasil belajar dan kemandirian didapat nilai sig. 0.011, ini memperlihatkan ada hubungan yang signifikan antara hasil belajar dan karakter kemandirian siswa.
KEEFEKTIFAN KOMIK DIGITAL DALAM MENINGKATKAN MINAT BELAJAR DALAM PEMBELAJARAN IPA SISWA KELAS IV SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Arfika Nurul , Yeni Purba Fince Putri , Adillah Rani , Gurning Biworo Frida , Silaban Saronom 
Published: March 2024

Kajian ini berlandaskan dengan dari situasi pendidikan di sekolah dasar yang masih minim akan perubahan dalam pemberian materi secara digital. Selain itu, kurangnya variasi tersebut membuat siswa kurang tertarik dan tidak mau ikut andil dalam belajar. Kajian ini bermaksud memaparkan keefektifan komik digital dalam meningkatkan minat siswa dalam belajar IPA. Dengan kajian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif. Kajian dilakukan di SDN 060834 Medan dengan siswa kelas VI sebanyak 25 siswa sebagai subyek kajian, dengan data yang dikumpulkan berasal dari observasi, wawancara dan angket. Dan selanjutnya data itu dianalisis melalui deskriptif kuantitatif yang bermakna memaparkan hasil peningkatan minat belajar siswa yang didapat dari sebaran angket sebelum dan setelah diterapkannya komik digital dalam belajar IPA. Hasil kajian memaparkan dengan diterapkannya komik digital minat siswa menjadi meningkat, terbukti peningkatan sebanyak 43% dari sebelum dengan komik digital minat siswa hanya 47% capaian kurang baik dan kini setelah diterapkan komik digital menjadi 90% capaian sangat baik. Sehingga dikonklusikan komik digital yang diterapkan dalam belajar IPA memiliki keefektifan yang sangat tinggi dalam meningkatan minat belajar siswa sekolah dasar.
History of deforestation in the vicinity of a village in Northern Masovia, Poland: An example of the possible old wood effect
Authors: Zawadzka-Pawlewska Urszula , Smolska Ewa , Sobucki Mateusz 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Anthropogenic activity changes the processes of erosion on slopes. The deforestation process is connected with the deposition of material at the foot of the slope. During this process, macro-charcoals from anthropogenic-induced fires are trapped in the sediments. This paper provides an analysis of charcoal counts and sediment characteristics and is supported by historical data analysis. During this study, a discrepancy between radiocarbon dating and historical data was revealed; a probable explanation is presented.
ISO 37120 Indicators for Sustainable Cities: Brazil and Portugal
Authors: Stefani Silvio Roberto , Peixoto João Paulo Seara Sequeira do Vale , Santos Paula Cristina da Costa , Ferreira Reinaldo Manuel Lopes Dias , Chiusoli Cláudio Luiz , Rodrigues Cláudia Susana Ribeiro 
Published: March 2024

Purpose: the main goal of the research is to analyze the ISO 37120 indicators in two cities located in Brazil and Portugal, verifying whether sustainable development strategies are present in public policies.

Design: This research fits in a quantitative methodology, making use of on-line survey. The units of analysis of this research are the municipalities of Guarapuava - Brazil and Matosinhos – Portugal, Cross-Country Comparative Research.

Findings: Through quantitative research, the citizens have presented a general perception about Education, Health, and Security indicators, sometimes in a positiveway, other times in a negative one. About the main objective, it was noticed that the the connection between the inquired citizens were the related indicators (sectors). The results obtained show that the ISO 37120 indicators can assist in an integrated monitoring of city governance, and function as advisory tool for some specific goals to city improvement in many aspects.

Research implications: The research applied ISO indicators, which are very powerful to evaluate the public policies of cities. Therefore, it contributed with a potential evaluative instrument that indicates the priority targets for investments and development of public actions. Given that, the research also developed important reflections that may benefit the governance and provision of effective public services in many areas, namely, decision making support, urban planning and cities master plans, and UN SDG 11.