bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Presence of significant synovitis in rheumatoid arthritis patients with disease‐modifying antirheumatic drug–induced clinical remission: Evidence from an imaging study may explain structural progression
Authors: Brown A. K. , Quinn M. A. , Karim Z. , Conaghan P. G. , Peterfy C. G. , Hensor E. , Wakefield R. J. , O'Connor P. J. , Emery P. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractObjectiveMore timely and effective therapy for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has contributed to increasing rates of clinical remission. However, progression of structural damage may still occur in patients who have satisfied remission criteria, which suggests that there is ongoing disease activity. This questions the validity of current methods of assessing remission in RA. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that modern joint imaging improves the accuracy of remission measurement in RA.MethodsWe studied 107 RA patients receiving disease‐modifying antirheumatic drug therapy who were judged by their consultant rheumatologist to be in remission and 17 normal control subjects. Patients underwent clinical, laboratory, functional, and quality of life assessments. The Disease Activity Score 28‐joint assessment and the American College of Rheumatology remission criteria, together with strict clinical definitions of remission, were applied. Imaging of the hands and wrists using standardized acquisition and scoring techniques with conventional 1.5T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasonography (US) were performed.ResultsIrrespective of which clinical criteria were applied to determine remission, the majority of patients continued to have evidence of active inflammation, as shown by findings on the imaging assessments. Even in asymptomatic patients with clinically normal joints, MRI showed that 96% had synovitis and 46% had bone marrow edema, and US showed that 73% had gray‐scale synovial hypertrophy and 43% had increased power Doppler signal. Only mild synovial thickening was seen in 3 of the control subjects (18%), but no bone marrow edema.ConclusionMost RA patients who satisfied the remission criteria with normal findings on clinical and laboratory studies had imaging‐detected synovitis. This subclinical inflammation may explain the observed discrepancy between disease activity and outcome in RA. Imaging assessment may be necessary for the accurate evaluation of disease status and, in particular, for the definition of true remission.
Soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products triggers a proinflammatory cytokine cascade via β2 integrin Mac‐1
Authors: Pullerits Rille , Brisslert Mikael , Jonsson Ing‐Marie , Tarkowski Andrej 
Published: November 2006

AbstractObjectiveReceptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is a cell surface molecule that binds a variety of ligands, including high mobility group box chromosomal protein 1 (HMGB‐1), a potent proinflammatory cytokine. RAGE–ligand interaction leads to an inflammatory response. A truncated form of the receptor, soluble RAGE (sRAGE), has been suggested to function as a decoy abrogating cellular activation, but its endogenous activity is not fully understood. We undertook this study to assess the properties of sRAGE in vivo and in vitro and to analyze the role of sRAGE in HMGB‐1–induced arthritis.MethodsMice were injected intraarticularly with HMGB‐1 and treated systemically with sRAGE prior to histologic joint evaluation. All animals were subjected to peritoneal lavage to assess the local effect of sRAGE treatment. For in vitro studies, mouse splenocytes were incubated with sRAGE followed by assessment of NF‐κB activation and cytokine production. The chemotactic properties of sRAGE were investigated using in vitro migration assay.ResultsSoluble RAGE was determined to have proinflammatory properties since it gave rise to production of interleukin‐6, tumor necrosis factor α, and macrophage inflammatory protein 2. This effect was triggered by interaction with leukocyte β2 integrin Mac‐1 and was mediated via NF‐κB. Systemic treatment with sRAGE significantly down‐regulated HMGB‐1–triggered arthritis, but the observed effect was due to a deviation of the inflammatory response from the joint to the peritoneal cavity rather than a genuine antiinflammatory effect. Apart from its proinflammatory properties, sRAGE was proven to act as a chemotactic stimulus for neutrophils.ConclusionWe conclude that sRAGE interacts with Mac‐1, thereby acting as an important proinflammatory and chemotactic molecule.
Isotype distribution of ANTI–CYCLIC citrullinated peptide antibodies in undifferentiated arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis reflects an ongoing immune response
Authors: Verpoort K. N. , Jol‐van der Zijde C. M. , Papendrecht‐van der Voort E. A. M. , Ioan‐Facsinay A. , Drijfhout J. W. , van Tol M. J. D. , Breedveld F. C. , Huizinga T. W. J. , Toes R. E. M. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractObjectiveThe evolution of the rheumatoid arthritis (RA)–specific anti–cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti‐CCP) antibody response, as measured by the isotypes of anti‐CCP, has not been described. This study was undertaken to determine anti‐CCP isotype usage in patients with undifferentiated arthritis (UA), patients with recent‐onset RA, and patients with RA of long duration.MethodsIgA, IgM, and IgG subclasses of anti‐CCP were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay in serum samples that were obtained from IgG anti‐CCP antibody–positive patients with UA (n = 110) and IgG anti‐CCP antibody–positive patients with RA (n = 152) early after the onset of arthritis. Patients with UA in whom RA developed within 1 year (UA→RA) were compared with patients with UA in whom RA did not develop within 1 year (UA→UA). In addition, baseline serum samples obtained from a subset of patients with RA (n = 64) were compared with sera obtained from the same patients a median of 7 years later.ResultsIgM anti‐CCP was present in early samples from both patients with UA and patients with RA and in followup samples from patients with RA. Several IgG anti‐CCP antibody–positive patients who did not have IgM anti‐CCP early after disease onset did display IgM anti‐CCP later in the course of the arthritis. A diverse pattern of isotype usage was detected in early samples, with a trend toward lower frequencies of all isotypes of anti‐CCP in patients with UA compared with patients with RA and in UA→UA patients compared with UA→RA patients. Levels of all isotypes except IgG1 had decreased after 7 years.ConclusionThese data indicate development of the anti‐CCP isotype repertoire into full usage early in the course of arthritis. The sustained presence of IgM anti‐CCP indicates ongoing recruitment of new B cells into the anti‐CCP response, reflecting a continuous (re)activation of the RA‐specific anti‐CCP response during the course of anti‐CCP–positive arthritis.
An XMM‐Newton survey of broad iron lines in AGN
Authors: Nandra K. , O'Neill P. M. , George I. M. , Reeves J. N. , Turner T. J. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractWe report on the iron Kα line properties of a sample of Seyfert galaxies observed with the XMM‐Newton EPIC pn instrument. Using a systematic and uniform analysis, we find that complexity at iron‐K is extremely common in the XMM‐Newton spectra. Once appropriate soft X‐ray absorption, narrow 6.4 keV emission and associated Compton reflection are accounted for, ∼75% of the sample show an improvement when a further component is introduced. The typical properties of the broad emission are both qualitatively and quantitatively consistent with previous results from ASCA. The complexity is in general very well described by relativistic accretion disk models. In most cases the characteristic emission radius is constrained to be within ∼50R g, where strong gravitational effects become important. We find in about 1/3 of the sample the accretion disk interpretation is strongly favoured over competing models. In a few objects no broad line is apparent. We find evidence for emission within 6R g in only two cases, both of which exhibit highly complex absorption. Evidence for black hole spin based on the X‐ray spectra therefore remains tentative. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Theoretical aspects of relativistic spectral features
Authors: Karas V. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractThe inner parts of black‐hole accretion discs shine in X‐rays which can be monitored and the observed spectra can be used to trace strong gravitational fields in the place of emission and along paths of light rays. This paper summarizes several aspects of how the spectral features are influenced by relativistic effects. We focus our attention onto variable and broad emission lines, origin of which can be attributed to the presence of orbiting patterns – spots and spiral waves in the disc. We point out that the observed spectrum can determine parameters of the central black hole provided the intrinsic local emissivity is constrained by theoretical models. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
XMM‐Newton detection of relativistic Fe emission in the X‐ray spectrum of SAX J1711.6–3808
Authors: Sánchez‐Fernández C. , Santos‐Lleó M. , In' t Zand J. J. M. , González‐Riestra R. , Altieri B. , Saxton R. , Castro‐Tirado A. J. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractThe transient system SAX J1711.6–3808 was observed by XMM‐Newton during its 2001 outburst, when the source was close to its maximum outburst luminosity. Our observations show that the broad Fe emission line detected in this outburst by In' t Zand et al. (2002) has indeed a relativistic nature, suggesting that SAX J1711.6–3808 harbors a black hole with a high spin parameter. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Discovery of a double peaked Fe emission line in the Cloverleaf quasar H1413+117
Authors: Chartas G. , Eracleous M. , Dai X. , Agol E. , Gallagher S. C. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractOur spatial and spectral analysis of a recent deep Chandra observation of H1413+117 confirms a microlensing event in a previous Chandra observation of this object performed about 5 years earlier. We present constraints on the structure of H1413+117 based on the time‐scale of this microlensing event. The analysis of the combined spectrum of the images indicates the presence of two emission line peaks at rest‐frame energies of 5.35 keV and 6.32 keV and detected at the ≳97% and ≳99% confidence levels, respectively. The double peaked Fe emission is fit well with an accretion disk‐line model, however, the best‐fit accretion disk model parameters are neither well constrained nor unique. Another possible interpretation of the Fe emission is fluorescent Fe emission from the back‐side of the wind. Additional observations are required to constrain better the model parameters. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Folic acid–containing supplement consumption during pregnancy and risk for oral clefts: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Badovinac Rachel L. , Werler Martha M. , Williams Paige L. , Kelsey Karl T. , Hayes Catherine 
Published: November 2006

AbstractBACKGROUND: There is equivocal evidence in the published literature that folic acid supplementation during pregnancy may protect against the common congenital anomalies cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CLP) and cleft palate alone (CP). We undertook this meta‐analysis to test the hypothesis that nonsyndromic oral cleft birth prevalences are different for those whose mothers took folic acid–containing supplements and for those whose mothers did not. METHODS: Human studies published in English were identified through MEDLINE, bibliography reviews, and contacting experts in the field. Within strata of prospective and case‐control studies, CLP, CP, and all clefts, respectively, were analyzed using either a fixed or random effects model, as appropriate. We assessed for publication bias using Begg and Mazumdar's rank correlation and Egger's regression‐based tests. RESULTS: Five prospective studies were analyzed, yielding combined relative risks of 0.51 (95% CI: 0.32, 0.95) for CLP, 1.19 (95% CI: 0.43, 3.28) for CP, and 0.55 (95% CI: 0.32, 0.95) for all clefts. Twelve case‐control studies were assessed, which resulted in combined relative risks of 0.77 (95% CI: 0.65, 0.90) for CLP, 0.80 (95% CI: 0.69, 0.93) for CP, and 0.78 (95% CI: 0.71, 0.85) for all clefts. CONCLUSIONS: In aggregate, our results support the hypothesis of a protective effect of folic acid–containing supplement intake during pregnancy on the risk for oral clefts, although this conclusion is tempered by the potential for bias and uncontrolled confounding. Birth Defects Research (Part A), 2007. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
XX – das schlaue Geschlecht? Der “kleine Unterschied” – und seine großen Auswirkungen auf Gehirn und Denken
Authors: Zankl Heinrich 
Published: November 2006

AbstractAus der unterschiedlichen genetischen Ausstattung von Mann und Frau resultieren Unterschiede sowohl in der Anatomie als auch in den Funktionen des Gehirns. Eine wichtige Rolle spielen dabei intelligenzbeeinflussende Gene, die sich während der menschlichen Evolution verstärkt auf dem X‐Chromosom angesammelt haben. Insbesondere das Fehlen eines zweiten X‐Chromosoms macht den Mann deshalb anfällig für verschiedene Formen der geistigen Retardierung.Für die schnelle Zunahme der geistigen Leistungsfähigkeit in der stammesgeschichtlichen Entwicklung des Menschen war vermutlich auch von großer Bedeutung, dass die Frauen schon früh die Intelligenz des Partners als ein wichtiges Auswahlkriterium erkannt haben.
Algen als Notproviant
Authors: Wendler Silke 
Published: November 2006

AbstractDie Meeresnacktschnecke Phyllodesmium jakobsenae hat eine Strategie entwickelt, die es ihr erlaubt, über Monate hinweg ohne Nahrung auszukommen. Sie entnimmt Weichkorallen, die zu ihrer bevorzugten Nahrung gehören, einzellige Algen und beherbergt diese in ihrem stark verzweigten Mitteldarm, wo sie weiterhin Photosynthese betreiben. Indem Phyllodesmium jakobsenae die Stoffwechselprodukte (Zucker und Aminosäuren) der Algen zur eigenen Ernährung nutzt, kann sie lange Hungerperioden unbeschadet überstehen.
Südafrika: Seepferdchen in Flussmündungen
Authors: Fourie Wendy , Kronberg Inge 
Published: November 2006

AbstractWechselnde Körperfarbe, unabhängig voneinander bewegliche Augen und ein kräftiger Wickelschwanz: Diese Merkmale erinnern eher an ein Chamäleon als an einen Fisch. Die Kopfform hat dem Seepferdchen seinen Namen eingebracht. Alle circa 40 bekannten Seepferdchen‐Arten weltweit sind von der IUCN als gefährdet eingestuft, was sowohl am Rückgang ihrer Lebensräume und als auch an gezielter Ausbeutung liegt. Insbesondere die asiatische Medizin nutzt Seepferdchen als zweifelhaftes Aphrodisiakum und in der traditionellen Medizin, Aquarianer und Souvenirjäger verfolgen die bizarren Tiere.
Philipp Wirtgen
Authors: Roth Hermann J. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractWenn ein Grundschullehrer die Würde eines Ehrendoktors erhält und in renommierte Wissenschaftsakademien gewählt wird, ist das sicher etwas Besonderes. Erst recht im Jahre 1853, als “Professor” noch ein seltener Titel war. Die Universität Bonn jedenfalls hielt den Koblenzer Lehrer und gebürtigen Neuwieder Philipp Wirtgen dieser Ehre für würdig.
DNA‐Based Phosphane Ligands
Authors: Caprioara Mihaela , Fiammengo Roberto , Engeser Marianne , Jäschke Andres 
Published: November 2006

AbstractIn order to expand the repertoire of DNA sequences specifically interacting with transition metals, we report here the first examples of DNA sequences carrying mono‐ and bidentate phosphane ligands as well as P,N‐ligands. Aminoalkyl‐modified oligonucleotides have been reacted at predetermined internal sites with carboxylate derivatives of pyrphos, BINAP and phosphinooxazoline (PHOX) 2 b–d. Carbodiimide coupling in the presence of N‐hydroxysuccinimide provided the DNA–ligand conjugates in 38–78 % yield. Phosphane‐containing oligonucleotides and their phosphane sulfide analogues were characterized by mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF and FT‐ICR‐ESI) and their stability after purification and isolation was systematically investigated. While DNA‐appended pyrphos ligand was quickly oxidized, BINAP and PHOX conjugates showed high stabilities, making them useful precursors for incorporation of transition metals into DNA.
Polycationic Disorder in [Bi6O4(OH)4](NO3)6: Structure Determination Using Synchrotron Radiation and Microcrystal X‐Ray Diffraction.
Authors: Henry N. , Mentre O. , Abraham F. , MacLean E. J. , Roussel P. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Coexistence of Large Thermopower and Degenerate Doping in the Nanostructured Material Ag0.85SnSb1.15Te3.
Authors: Kanatzidis Mercouri G. , et al. et al. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Thermoelectric Properties and Microstructure of Ba8Al14Si31 and EuBa7Al13Si33.
Authors: Condron Cathie L. , Kauzlarich Susan M. , Gascoin Franck , Snyder G. Jeffery 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Thermodynamic Assessment of the NaH ↔ Na3AlH6 ↔ NaAlH4 Hydride System.
Authors: Lee Byeong‐Moon , Jang Je‐Wook , Shim Jae‐Hyeok , Cho Young Whan , Lee Byeong‐Joo 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Complex Lanthanide Chromate(VI)‐Phosphates K2Ln(CrO4)(PO4) (Ln: Dy—Lu, Y).
Authors: Bobylev A. P. , Komissarova L. N. , Leutkina E. V. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
One‐Dimensional Chains in Uranyl Tungstates: Syntheses and Structures of A8 [(UO2)4(WO4)4 (WO5)2] (A: Rb, Cs) and Rb6[(UO2)2O(WO4)4].
Authors: Alekseev Evgeny V. , Krivovivhev Sergey V. , Depmeier W. , Armbruster T. , Katzke H. , Suleimanov Evgeny V. , Chuprunov Evgeny V. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
FeCl3‐Catalyzed Coupling of Propargylic Acetates with Alcohols.
Authors: Zhan Zhuang‐Ping , Liu Hui‐Juan 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Condensation of Some Ketones with Methylene Active Nitriles in Varied Stoichiometries.
Authors: Fondjo Emmanuel Sopbue , Doepp Dietrich 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
The Gold(I)‐Catalyzed Cycloisomerization of 1,6‐Enynes to 1,4‐Dienes.
Authors: Lee Sang Ick , Kim Soo Min , Kim Sun Young , Chung Young Keun 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Ruthenium Hydroxide on Magnetite as a Magnetically Separable Heterogeneous Catalyst for Liquid‐Phase Oxidation and Reduction.
Authors: Kotani Miyuki , Koike Takeshi , Yamaguchi Kazuya , Mizuno Noritaka 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
An Efficient Method for Chlorination of Alcohols Using PPh3/Cl3CCONH2.
Authors: Pluempanupat Wanchai , Chavasiri Warinthorn 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Metal Catalyst Free Direct α‐Iodination of Ketones with Molecular Iodine.
Authors: Rao Maddali L. N. , Jadhav Deepak N. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
γ‐Selective Cross‐Coupling of Potassium Allyltrifluoroborates with Aryl and 1‐Alkenyl Bromides Catalyzed by a Pd(OAc)2/D‐t‐BPF Complex.
Authors: Yamamoto Yasunori , Takada Shingo , Miyaura Norio 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of Small Palladium Nanoparticles Stabilized by Bisphosphine BINAP Bearing an Alkyl Chain and Their Palladium Nanoparticle‐Catalyzed Carbon—Carbon Coupling Reactions under Room‐Temperature.
Authors: Tatumi Ryouta , Akita Tomoki , Fujihara Hisashi 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Novel De‐O‐chloroacetylation Reagent: 1‐Selenocarbamoylpiperidine.
Authors: Sogabe Shingo , Ando Hiromune , Koketsu Mamoru , Ishihara Hideharu 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Five‐ and Six‐Membered Nickelacyclic Carboxylates as Reagents for the Facile Synthesis of δ‐Ketocarboxylic Acids, Isocoumarins, and 1,3‐Dicarbonyl Derivatives of Benzoic Acid.
Authors: Langer Jens , Gaertner Martin , Goerls Helmar , Walther Dirk 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Asymmetric Direct Aldol Reaction Catalyzed by L‐Proline Thioamides.
Authors: Gryko Dorota , Lipinski Radoslaw 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of Phthalates and Isophthalates by [3 + 3] Cyclizations of 1,3‐Bis(silyl enol ethers) with 3‐(Silyloxy)alk‐2‐en‐1‐ones.
Authors: Reim Stefanie , Lubbe Mathias , Langer Peter 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
2‐(Trimethylsilyloxy)furan as a Dianion Equivalent: A Two‐Step Synthesis of Functionalized Spirocyclic Butenolides.
Authors: Maulide Nuno , Marko Istvan E. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.