bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advances in the Pharmacological Management of Chronic Hepatitis B
Authors: Danielescu Cella , State Monica , Mateescu Radu Bogdan 
Published: March 2024

Background:
Hepatitis B, a vaccine-preventable liver infection, remains a global public health problem. Dedicated groups of experts and funding are focusing on achieving a functional cure to eradicate this disease by 2030.

Areas of Uncertainty:
With more than 40 molecules available or under investigation as new treatments for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, none of them is curative so far. Available treatments are effective in suppressing HBV replication and in decreasing the risk of developing cirrhosis, liver failure, hepatocellular carcinoma, and death, but do not eliminate the virus, and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma remains. Nucleoside/nucleotide analogs are recommended as first-line therapy for patients with chronic hepatitis B infection to inhibit viral replication and lower the HBV DNA values, but long-term therapy is usually needed to maintain suppression. Cessation of the therapy in accordance with clinical guidelines can result in virological and clinical relapse.

Data Sources:
PubMed, Web of Science, clinicaltrials.gov, and gray literature sources were searched for articles discussing HBV management and new therapies.

Results:
With current nucleoside/nucleotide analog therapies, fewer than 5% of patients lose hepatitis B surface antigen after 12 months, which underscores the need for new drugs that can achieve a functional cure. New therapies are being developed, including small interfering RNAs. Bepirovirsen, a modified antisense oligonucleotide, shows promising results and a good safety profile, but requires further exploration in larger number of patients to determine whether a functional cure is possible.

Conclusions:
Eradication of HBV infection with currently available therapies is not yet possible. Experts are developing innovative treatments, such as bepirovirsen, to achieve functional cure for this disease and to reduce morbidity and mortality associated with hepatic cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.
Occupational Injuries in the US Nursing Homes
Authors: Sharma Hari , Xu Lili 
Published: March 2024

Background:
Workplace injuries adversely affect worker well-being and may worsen staffing shortages and turnover in nursing homes. A better understanding of the trends in injuries in nursing homes including organizational factors associated with injuries can help improve our efforts in addressing worker injuries.

Objective:
To summarize the trends in injuries and organizational correlates of injuries in US nursing homes.

Research Design:
We combine national injury tracking data from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (2016–2019) with nursing home characteristics from Nursing Home Compare. Our outcomes include the proportion of nursing homes reporting any injuries, the mean number of injuries, and the mean number of injuries or illnesses with days away from work, or job transfer or restriction, or both (DART). We descriptively summarize trends in injuries over time. We also estimate the association between nursing home characteristics and injuries using multivariable regressions.

Results:
We find that approximately 93% of nursing homes reported at least 1 occupational injury in any given year. Injuries had a substantial impact on productivity with 4.1 DART injuries per 100 full-time employees in 2019. Higher bed size, occupancy, RN staffing, and chain ownership are associated with increased DART rates whereas higher overall nursing home star ratings and for-profit status are associated with decreased DART rates.

Conclusions:
A high proportion of nursing homes report occupational injuries that can affect staff well-being, productivity, and quality of care. Injury prevention policies should target the types of injuries occurring in nursing homes and OSHA should monitor nursing homes reporting high and repeated injuries.
Monitoring coeliac disease in 2024, time to change practice?
Authors: Raju Suneil A. , Shiha Mohamed G. , Penny Hugo A. 
Published: March 2024

Purpose of review
Persistent villous atrophy is associated with morbidity in coeliac disease and most commonly due to ongoing gluten ingestion. Current methods for assessing gluten exposure and persisting villous atrophy include dietary questionnaires and repeat duodenal biopsy, which have limited accuracy or are invasive. This review discusses adjunctive and/or novel tests that could be used to overcome these challenges.

Recent findings
Small bowel capsule endoscopy is well tolerated and helps to evaluate for persisting villous atrophy and importantly, complications associated with coeliac disease. Testing for urinary and/or stool gluten immunogenic peptides may help identify recent gluten exposure, but further studies are still warranted to evaluate the accuracy and applicability of this approach. Measuring spikes in circulating Interleukin-2 following gluten challenge has shown promise for coeliac disease diagnosis, and thus may serve as a useful confirmatory test in those with persisting symptoms but provides no information on mucosal inflammation. No specific gut microbial signature has been identified in coeliac disease; however, studies have shown a reduced microbial diversity in active disease, which with future refinement may prove clinically useful.

Summary
There is no evidence to support alternative methods for assessing persisting villous atrophy in coeliac disease over performing an up-to-date duodenal biopsy. Monitoring for adherence to a gluten-free diet remains clinically challenging and should be a priority for future research.
Association Between Leg Muscle Thickness and Walking Test With the Hemophilia-Specific Functional Parameters
Authors: Hong Jia-Pei , Kang Jiunn-Horng , Lee Chian-Her , Lee Chih-Hong , Chen Shu-Huey , Liu Yen-Lin , Tsai Jia-Ruey , Tsai Chen-Hua , Ho Wan-Ling , Cheng Mei-Mei , Charoenpong Prangthip , Chang Chia-Yau 
Published: March 2024

Objective
The aim of the study is to evaluate the muscle thickness and walking test in people with hemophilia A and their correlation to joint health and functional impairments.

Design
This is a cross-sectional study.

Results
Twenty-nine severe/moderate people with hemophilia A were enrolled. Muscle thickness of quadriceps and medial gastrocnemius was measured using ultrasound. Joint health and functional capacity were assessed using Hemophilia Joint Health Score, Hemophilia Early Arthropathy Detection with Ultrasound, 6-Minute Walking test, Hemophilia Quality of Life Questionnaire for Adults, and Hemophilia Activities List. Quadriceps muscle thickness significantly correlated with Hemophilia Joint Health Score knee, Hemophilia Early Arthropathy Detection with Ultrasound knee, and Hemophilia Activities List. Calf muscle thickness significantly correlated with the Hemophilia Joint Health Score ankle. After adjusted age and body mass index, calf muscle thickness was inversely associated with the Hemophilia Joint Health Score ankle. Six-Minute Walking test was found to significantly correlate with Hemophilia Joint Health Score total, Hemophilia Early Arthropathy Detection with Ultrasound total, Hemophilia Quality of Life Questionnaire for Adults, and Hemophilia Activities List.

Conclusions
Muscle thickness and the distance of 6-Minute Walking Test were linked to assessment of joint health, quality of life, and activity participation in people with hemophilia A. Ultrasound measurement of muscle thickness and walking test seem to be useful tools for the assessment of joint health and functional status in people with hemophilia A.
Scoping Review
Authors: Koerber Samantha N. , Wager Susan G. , Zynda Aaron J. , Santa Barbara Matthew T. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The purpose of this scoping review was to identify existing strategies to reduce modifiable risk factors for musculoskeletal (MSK) injury in adaptive athletes. Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and CINAHL were searched. Inclusion criteria required studies written in English, samples of adaptive athletes, and evaluation of any injury prevention programs that would reduce risk factors associated with MSK injury. The literature search resulted in 785 unique articles. Thirty-two full text articles were screened for inclusion. Four studies of wheelchair basketball and wheelchair rugby injury prevention programs were included in the final analysis, and these studies demonstrated increase in shoulder range of motion, decreased shoulder pain, and decreased cumulative traumatic disorders; all of which was proposed to reduce risk of shoulder injury. However, these studies were small and did not include control groups. Future research is needed to implement programs that reduce risk factors of MSK injuries and reduce health disparities for adaptive athletes.
Cell-free DNA analysis for the determination of fetal red blood cell antigen genotype in alloimmunized pregnancies
Authors: Rego Shannon , Balogun Olaide ASHIMI , Emanuel Kirsten , Overcash Rachael , Gonzalez Juan M. , Denomme Gregory A. , Hoskovec Jennifer , King Haley , Wilson Ashley , Wynn Julia , Moise Kenneth J. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of the study is to evaluate the accuracy of NGS based quantitative cfDNA analysis for fetal antigen genotyping in alloimmunized pregnancies undergoing clinical testing in practices across the US as early as ten weeks gestational age. Timely identification of the fetal red blood cell antigen genotype for the antigen to which the pregnant person is alloimmunized is vital for determining risk for hemolytic disease of the fetus or newborn (HDFN) and guiding management. The currently recommended approach to assessing risk for HDFN in the US relies on determining the antigen status of the reproductive partner and/or amniocentesis–an approach with limitations such as low uptake and the potential for nonpaternity, which could be alleviated by the utilization of cfDNA testing to determine fetal antigen status.MethodsPatients with alloimmunized pregnancies undergoing clinical fetal antigen cfDNA analysis were recruited to the study along with the neonates resulting from the pregnancies via outreach from the laboratory. The laboratory issued the results prospectively as a part of clinical care. After delivery, neonatal buccal swabs were sent to an outside, independent laboratory for antigen genotyping. The outside laboratory was blinded to the fetal cfDNA results, and the results were compared. Concordance was reported for the fetal antigen cfDNA analysis for antigens to which the pregnant person was alloimmunized as well as for all antigens for which the pregnant person was genotype negative.ResultsA total of 156 participants from 120 clinics who received clinically ordered cfDNA fetal antigen testing provided neonatal buccal swabs for genotyping following delivery. Concordance between cfDNA analysis results and neonatal genotype was determined for 465 antigen calls for the following antigens K1 (n=143), E (124), C (60), Fya(50), c (47), and D(RhD) (41). These 465 calls included 145 where the fetus was antigen positive and 320 where the fetus was antigen negative. We observed complete concordance between prenatal fetal antigen cfDNA analysis results and neonatal genotypes for the 465 calls, resulting in 100% sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy across a racially and ethnically diverse cohort.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that cfDNA analysis for determining fetal antigen genotype is more accurate than real life application of the current recommendations, i.e., partner testing and amniocentesis, in a diverse US population. In addition, this noninvasive approach reduces barriers to obtaining timely and accurate information about fetal antigen genotype. Taken together with previously published evidence, this study supports the implementation of cfDNA testing to manage alloimmunized pregnancies as a clinically useful and cost effective approach.
Cryo-EM led analysis of open and closed conformations of Chagas vaccine candidate TcPOP and its antibody response characterisation
Authors: Batra Sagar , Olmo Francisco , Ragan Timothy J , Kaplan Merve , Calvaresi Valeria , Frank Asger Meldgaard , Lancey Claudia , Assadipapari Mahya , Ying Cuifeng , Struwe Weston B. , Hesketh Emma , Kelly John M. , Barfod Lea , Campeotto Ivan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractChagas disease, caused by the protozoan parasiteTrypanosoma cruzi, remains a significant global public health concern. Despite its profound health impact in both endemic and non-endemic areas, no vaccine is available, and the existing therapies are outdated, producing severe side effects. The 80kDa prolyl oligopeptidase ofTrypanosoma cruzi(TcPOP) has been recently identified as a leading candidate for Chagas vaccine development. We report the first three-dimensional structure of TcPOP in open and closed conformation, at a global resolution of 3.8 and 3.6 Å respectively, determined using single-particle cryo-electron microscopy. Multiple conformations were observed and further characterized using plasmonic optical tweezers and hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry. To assess the immunogenic potential of TcPOP, we immunized mice and evaluated both polyclonal and monoclonal responses against the TcPOP antigen and its homologues. The results revealed invasion blocking properties of anti-TcPOP polyclonal response via parasite lysis and its cross-reactivity versus closely-related POPs but not with human homologues. We were also able to produce and characterise three monoclonal antibodies, one of which showed neutralising properties and inhibition of parasite invasion via non-lytic mechanism. Collectively, our findings provide critical structural and functional insights necessary to understand the immunogenicity of TcPOP for future Chagas vaccine development and diagnostic applications.
Circular RNA aptamers ameliorate AD-relevant phenotypes by targeting PKR
Authors: Feng Xin , Jiang Bo-Wen , Zhai Si-Nan , Liu Chu-Xiao , Wu Hao , Zhu Bang-Qi , Wei Meng-Yuan , Wei Jia , Yang Li , Chen Ling-Ling 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHere, we delineated the remarkably elevated neuroinflammation accompanied by progressive activation of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-activated Protein Kinase R (PKR) and PKR-related dsRNA pathways in hippocampus of 5×FAD mice upon Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progression. AAV-delivery of circular RNAs possessing short-imperfect duplex regions (ds-cRNAs) to neurons and microglia effectively dampened excessive PKR activity with little toxicity, accompanying with reduced neuroinflammation and amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques, resulting in neuroprotection and enhanced capability of spatial learning and memory in AD mouse models. These findings suggest a therapeutic potential of ds-cRNA aptamers as PKR inhibitors in AD therapy.
Analyzing the impact of trust in financial institutions on Palestinian consumer attitudes towards AI-powered online banking: understanding key influencing factors
Authors: Salem Mohammed Z. , Rassouli Aman 
Published: March 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the factors influencing Palestinian consumer attitudes toward artificial intelligence (AI)-powered online banking, focusing on performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence and facilitating conditions while considering the moderating role of trust in financial institutions.

Design/methodology/approach
To test the hypotheses, an empirical study with a questionnaire was carried out. The study was completed by 362 Palestinian customers who use online banking services.

Findings
The findings of this paper show that performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence and facilitating conditions significantly influence consumer attitudes toward AI-powered online banking. Furthermore, trust in financial institutions as a moderating variable strengthens the impact of performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence and facilitating conditions on consumer attitudes toward AI-powered online banking. Therefore, more studies should focus on certain fields and cultural contexts to get a more thorough grasp of the variables influencing adoption and acceptability.

Research limitations/implications
The study's findings may be specific to the Palestinian context, limiting generalizability. The reliance on self-reported data and a cross-sectional design may constrain the establishment of causal relationships and the exploration of dynamic attitudes over time. In addition, external factors and technological advancements not captured in the study could influence Palestinian consumer attitudes toward AI-powered online banking.

Practical implications
Financial institutions can leverage the insights from this research to tailor their strategies for promoting AI-powered online banking, emphasizing factors like perceived security and ease of use. Efforts to build and maintain trust in financial institutions are crucial for fostering positive consumer attitudes toward AI technologies. Policymakers can use these findings to inform regulations and initiatives that support the responsible adoption of AI in the financial sector, ensuring a more widespread and effective implementation of these technologies.

Originality/value
This research delves into Palestinian consumer attitudes toward AI-powered online banking, focusing on trust in financial institutions. It aims to enrich literature by exploring this under-explored area with meticulous examination, robust methodology and insightful analysis. The study embarks on a novel journey into uncharted terrain, seeking to unearth unique insights that enrich the existing literature landscape. Its findings offer valuable insights for academia and practitioners, enhancing understanding of AI adoption in Palestine and guiding strategic decisions for financial institutions operating in the region.
The nexus of project management approaches in sustainable development: innovative behaviors as a mechanism in the Polish financial industry
Authors: Piwowar-Sulej Katarzyna , Iqbal Qaisar 
Published: March 2024

PurposeBased on the social exchange theory, the aim of the present study is to examine the effects, both direct and indirect (through sustainability-oriented innovative behaviors [SIBs]), of sustainable project leadership (SPL) on sustainable project performance (SPP). Project management approaches (PMAs) (traditional, hybrid and agile) were examined as conditional factors in the “SPL–SIBs” relationship.Design/methodology/approachThe study employs structural equation modeling based on data collected from 197 software engineering project team members working in the financial industry in Poland.FindingsThe study revealed that SPL significantly, positively affected SPP. It also provided evidence for the significant mediating impact of SIBs in the relationship between SPL and SPP and the conditional effect of agile and hybrid PMAs on the “SPL–SIBs” relationship.Originality/valueThe novelty of this work lies in introducing sustainable leadership into project management research, proposing and testing a unique and complex research framework, designing valid scales for measuring SPL and SPP, and suggesting many theoretical and empirical implications.
Web-enhanced unmanned aerial vehicle target search method combining imitation learning and reinforcement learning
Authors: Pang Tao , Xiao Wenwen , Liu Yilin , Wang Tao , Liu Jie , Gao Mingke 
Published: March 2024

Purpose
This paper aims to study the agent learning from expert demonstration data while incorporating reinforcement learning (RL), which enables the agent to break through the limitations of expert demonstration data and reduces the dimensionality of the agent’s exploration space to speed up the training convergence rate.

Design/methodology/approach
Firstly, the decay weight function is set in the objective function of the agent’s training to combine both types of methods, and both RL and imitation learning (IL) are considered to guide the agent's behavior when updating the policy. Second, this study designs a coupling utilization method between the demonstration trajectory and the training experience, so that samples from both aspects can be combined during the agent’s learning process, and the utilization rate of the data and the agent’s learning speed can be improved.

Findings
The method is superior to other algorithms in terms of convergence speed and decision stability, avoiding training from scratch for reward values, and breaking through the restrictions brought by demonstration data.

Originality/value
The agent can adapt to dynamic scenes through exploration and trial-and-error mechanisms based on the experience of demonstrating trajectories. The demonstration data set used in IL and the experience samples obtained in the process of RL are coupled and used to improve the data utilization efficiency and the generalization ability of the agent.
Large language models for automated Q&A involving legal documents: a survey on algorithms, frameworks and applications
Authors: Yang Xiaoxian , Wang Zhifeng , Wang Qi , Wei Ke , Zhang Kaiqi , Shi Jiangang 
Published: March 2024

Purpose
This study aims to adopt a systematic review approach to examine the existing literature on law and LLMs.It involves analyzing and synthesizing relevant research papers, reports and scholarly articles that discuss the use of LLMs in the legal domain. The review encompasses various aspects, including an analysis of LLMs, legal natural language processing (NLP), model tuning techniques, data processing strategies and frameworks for addressing the challenges associated with legal question-and-answer (Q&A) systems. Additionally, the study explores potential applications and services that can benefit from the integration of LLMs in the field of intelligent justice.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper surveys the state-of-the-art research on law LLMs and their application in the field of intelligent justice. The study aims to identify the challenges associated with developing Q&A systems based on LLMs and explores potential directions for future research and development. The ultimate goal is to contribute to the advancement of intelligent justice by effectively leveraging LLMs.

Findings
To effectively apply a law LLM, systematic research on LLM, legal NLP and model adjustment technology is required.

Originality/value
This study contributes to the field of intelligent justice by providing a comprehensive review of the current state of research on law LLMs.
Building supply chain resilience through industry 4.0 base technologies: role of supply chain visibility and environmental dynamism
Authors: Jain Nikunj Kumar , Chakraborty Kaustov , Choudhary Piyush 
Published: March 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to develop a conceptual framework to understand how industry 4.0 technologies can help firms building supply chain resilience (SCR). With the increasing in turbulent business environment and other disruptive events, firms want to build robust and risk resilience supply chains. The study also explores the role of supply chain visibility (SCV) and environmental dynamism (ED) on the relationship between Industry 4.0 and SCR.

Design/methodology/approach
Survey data from 354 firms designated by the Indian Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas, as well as organizations that work with these oil and gas firms was analyzed with structural equation modelling, hierarchical linear regression and necessary conditions analysis.

Findings
The findings reveal that Industry 4.0 base technologies enable firms to develop and exploit SCV to build SCR. Furthermore, Industry 4.0 base technologies substantially correlate with SCV under the differential effect of ED, improving SCR.

Research limitations/implications
The cross-sectional data restrict the generalizability of the findings to other geographies and sectors.

Originality/value
This study can assist managers in making well-informed decisions about the strategic use of technology to increase SCV and foster resilient supply chains.