bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Osteosarcoma metastatic to the kidney and iatrogenic hemorrhage
Authors: Marec‐Bérard Perrine , Crassard Nicolas , Schell Matthias , Philip Thierry , Thiesse Philippe , Ranchin Bruno , Frappaz Didier 
Published: January 2007

AbstractA 16‐year old female presented painful masses in the lumbar region 5 years after the initial diagnosis of a localized osteosarcoma of the tibia. Abdominal X‐ray revealed calcified masses. A bone scan confirmed an increased uptake in the renal areas. An ultrasound‐guided fine needle biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of metastases. The procedure was complicated by subcapsular hemorrhage and gross hematuria. Renal metastases from osteosarcoma are usually asymptomatic and invisible on abdominal X‐rays. The diagnosis is generally established by radionuclide bone scan or abdominal CT‐scan. Our observation suggests that histological documentation of these unusual clinical presentations should be carefully weighed against the risk of the procedure. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2008;50:690–692. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A stress echocardiography study of cardiac function during progressive exercise in pediatric oncology patients treated with anthracyclines
Authors: De Souza Astrid M. , Potts James E. , Potts Mary T. , De Souza Eustace S. , Rowland Thomas W. , Pritchard Sheila L. , Sandor George G.S. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractBackgroundAnthracycline‐treated patients (AP) are at risk for cardiac dysfunction years after treatment. Cardiac function has not been evaluated during exercise in AP. The purpose of this study was to assess exercise tolerance, left ventricular (LV) function, and hemodynamics during progressive exercise.ProcedureWe studied 47 AP (cumulative dose: 36–504 mg/m2) who were in complete remission and 12 healthy controls (CON). AP were further grouped by cumulative dose (LOW ≤ 260 mg/m2; HIGH ≥ 260 mg/m2) and resting echocardiographic function. All subjects performed 3‐min incremental stages on a semi‐recumbent cycle ergometer until volitional fatigue. Using echocardiography and Doppler, LV dimensions, posterior wall thickness (LVPWs), peak aortic velocity (PAoV), shortening fraction (SF), rate‐corrected mean velocity of fiber shortening (MVCFc), wall stress at peak systole (σPS), stroke volume index (SVI), and cardiac index (CI) were determined. Measurements were performed at rest, during each stage of exercise, and in recovery.ResultsAP did less work than CON (P < 0.050). CON and LOW had similar resting function, while HIGH had a lower SF and MVCFc (P < 0.050) and a higher σPS (P < 0.001). Resting SVI and CI were also lower in HIGH. At peak exercise, MVCFc and σPS remained different in HIGH, and both AP groups had a lower SF, SVI, and CI (P < 0.001). AP had an abnormal SVI response to exercise. AP showed a smaller initial increase in SVI that was not maintained throughout exercise.ConclusionsAP have reduced exercise tolerance. There also appears to be a dose‐related effect on myocardial contractility and SVI. These findings may help to guide treatment. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2007;49:56–64. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Properties and preparation of thermoplastic polyurethane/silica hybrids using a modified sol–gel process
Authors: Lai S.‐M. , Liu S.‐D. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThermoplastic polyurethane elastomer/silica hybrids (TPU/SiO2) were prepared using a modified sol–gel process. This modified approach used tetrahydrofuran (THF) to extract polysilicic acid from aqueous sodium metasilicate solutions. A THF or aqueous solution containing sol particles was mixed with TPU solution to form TPU/silica hybrids. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra and dynamical mechanical properties were recorded to depict the interfacial interaction. Storage modulus increased due to the reinforcement of the in situ silica. Tear strength decreased significantly with increasing in situ silica content. Cutting strength decreased slightly due to crack tip confinement. The modified process with extraction showed improved mechanical properties and better optical properties than the conventional sol–gel process without extraction. The fracture surface was revealed through SEM (scanning electron microscopy) to observe the degree of SiO2 dispersion, which in turn confirmed the optical and mechanical property results. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 47:77–86, 2007. © 2007 Society of Plastics Engineers
Microstructure analysis of brominated styrene–butadiene rubber
Authors: Khoee Sepideh , Sorkhi Maedeh 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThe bromine addition to the SBR double bonds in chloroform at 0°C has been investigated by FTIR, 1H NMR and DSC techniques. In this case, bromine molecules react exclusively with the polydiene double bonds and the polystyrene units are unaffected. The bromine reacts preferentially with 1,4‐trans double bonds of the polybutadiene segment of SBR. At low bromination level (below 15%) the bromine reacts mainly with the 1,4‐trans double bonds of SBR, while at higher bromination level (up to 30%) the bromine shows the most reactivity toward the vinylic double bond. Above 30%, the addition reaction occurs on 1,4‐trans double bonds. The microstructure of modified and unmodified styrene–butadiene copolymers were fully characterized by 1H NMR technique. Expanded regions have been utilized to resolve the complex 1H NMR spectrum and establish the compositional and configurational sequences of styrene–butadiene copolymers. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 47:87–94, 2007. © 2007 Society of Plastics Engineers
Mechanical properties and morphologies of polypropylene/single‐filler or hybrid‐filler calcium carbonate composites
Authors: Yang Kun , Yang Qi , Li Guangxian , Zhang Ying , Zhang Peng 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThree types of polypropylene (PP) with different intrinsic toughness were used to study the mechanical properties and morphologies of the PP composites filled with single‐filler and hybrid‐filler of calcium carbonate particles. The calcium carbonate particles used were with average particle sizes of 25 μm (CC25), and 0.07 μm (CC0.07), respectively. A hybrid‐filler CaCO3 named CC25/CC0.07 was used as a mixture of CC25 and CC0.07 (CC25/CC0.07 weight ratio = 1:1). It was found that the type of PP and the particle size of inorganic filler were the two important factors for the determination of mechanical properties of the composites. And the general mechanical properties of the composites filled with hybrid‐filler CaCO3 were better than those of the composites filled with single‐filler CaCO3, but the synergistic hybridization effect of the hybrid‐filler CaCO3 did not exist. The major toughening mechanism of the PP/CC25 composites was the cavitation of the matrix caused by CC25, and the major toughening mechanism of the PP/CC0.07 composites was the pinning effect introduced by CC0.07. For the PP/CC25/CC0.07 composites, the cavitation of the matrix caused by CC25 and the pinning effect introduced by CC0.07 existed simultaneously. And when the intrinsic toughness of the matrix was large enough, the major factor to toughen PP was the pinning effect introduced by CC0.07, otherwise the major factor to toughen PP was the cavitation of the matrix caused by CC25. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 47:95–102, 2007. © 2007 Society of Plastics Engineers
Preparation and characterization of poly(butylene terephthalate)/poly(ethylene terephthalate) copolymers via solid‐state and melt polymerization
Authors: Jansen M. A. G. , Wu L. H. , Goossens J. G. P. , DE Wit G. , Bailly C. , Koning C. E. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractTo increase the Tg in combination with a retained crystallization rate, bis(2‐hydroxyethyl)terephthalate (BHET) was incorporated into poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) via solid‐state copolymerization (SSP). The incorporated BHET fraction depends on the miscibility of BHET in the amorphous phase of PBT prior to SSP. DSC measurements showed that BHET is only partially miscible. During SSP, the miscible BHET fraction reacts via transesterification reactions with the mobile amorphous PBT segments. The immiscible BHET fraction reacts by self‐condensation, resulting in the formation of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) homopolymer. 1H‐NMR sequence distribution analysis showed that self‐condensation of BHET proceeded faster than the transesterification with PBT. SAXS measurements showed an increase in the long period with increasing fraction BHET present in the mixtures used for SSP followed by a decrease due to the formation of small PET crystals. DSC confirmed the presence of separate PET crystals. Furthermore, the incorporation of BHET via SSP resulted in PBT‐PET copolymers with an increased Tg compared to PBT. However, these copolymers showed a poorer crystallization behavior. The modified copolymer chain segments are apparently fully miscible with the unmodified PBT chains in the molten state. Consequently, the crystal growth process is retarded resulting in a decreased crystallization rate and crystallinity. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 882–899, 2007.
Synthesis and characterization of highly hindered and thermally stable poly(1,4‐spirobifluorenylenevinylene) derivative
Authors: Kim Yun‐Hi , Park Jong‐Won , Shin Dong‐Cheol , You Hong , Kwon Soon‐Ki 
Published: January 2007

AbstractA new poly(1,4‐spirobifluorenylenevinylene) having advantage PPV and spirobifluorene as new emissive family was synthesized. Compared with PPV derivatives that usually have a tolane bisbenzyl defect, the polymer has the defect free structure because of the steric hindrance of the asymmetric bulky spirobifluorenyl group. Compared with spirobifluorene derivatives that usually have a low solubility, the polymer has the good solubility in common organic solvents. The polymer was amorphous and showed high PL quantum efficiency and high thermal stability with high Tg. The PL emission peaks were shown at 480–490 nm in solution and film, respectively, which may represent the bluest emission peak reported for fully conjugated PPV derivatives. The study of thermal annealing of PL spectrum showed excimer formation inhibited. The thermal and optoelectronic properties of the polymer imply that it is a promising material for the PLED application. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 900–907, 2007.
Peer‐support in coping with medical uncertainty: discussion of oophorectomy and hormone replacement therapy on a web‐based message board
Authors: Kenen Regina H. , Shapiro Pamela J. , Friedman Susan , Coyne James C. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThe Facing Our Risk of Cancer Empowered (FORCE) website is devoted to women at risk for hereditary breast and ovarian cancers (HBOC). To understand the unique health concerns and emotional support needs of these women, we examined threads on the FORCE archived message boards with relevance to the broader HBOC community. We report on a thread discussing the controversial decision to use hormone replacement therapy (HRT) following prophylactic oophorectomy (PO). We used a qualitative research inductive process involving close reading, coding and identification of recurrent patterns, relationships and processes in the data. Twenty‐nine women posted 177 messages over 7 months. Two main groups of women posted: (1) Women who were BRCA+, had completed PO, and were debating or adjusting their HRT options in terms of optimizing both quality and quantity of life. (2) Women who were BRCA+, were contemplating PO, but wanted to better understand the potential physical and psychological consequences of surgical menopause before deciding. Frustrated by physicians' lack of knowledge and contradictory media articles about the long‐term consequences of HRT in BRCA+ women, they sought resources, emotional support and specific experiential knowledge from each other and generated a unique sense of community and a high level of trust. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Factors associated with middle and secondary students' perceived science competence
Authors: Beghetto Ronald A. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to gain a better understanding of students' perceived science competence by examining potentially related beliefs and perceptions in a diverse sample of middle and secondary students (N = 1289). Results of hierarchical regression analysis showed that students' perceived science competence was related to: (a) students' age, gender, and ethnicity; (b) students' mastery and performance–approach goals; (c) students' self‐perceptions of their ability to generate creative ideas (i.e., creative self‐efficacy); and (d) students' perceptions of teacher support and press (i.e., challenging academic demands). Of all these factors, creative self‐efficacy was found to have the strongest positive relationship with students' perceived science competence. Implications for subsequent research are discussed. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 44: 800–814, 2007
Juvenile Polyp in Thai Children—Clinical and Colonoscopic Presentation
Authors: Ukarapol Nuthapong , Singhavejakul Jesda , Lertprasertsuk Nirush , Wongsawasdi Lumduan 
Published: January 2007

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this prospective study was to describe the clinical characteristics of colorectal polyp in Thai children.MethodsFrom December 2002 to February 2005, children under 15 years of age presenting with rectal bleeding were prospectively enrolled. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory information was recorded. Location, number, characteristics, and histopathology of the polyps were noted.ResultsThere were 32 patients with a mean age of 6.5 years. The most common presenting symptom was hematochezia, followed by prolapsing rectal mass and diarrhea. In 20 patients there was a single polyp, 6 had 2–4 polyps, and 6 were diagnosed with polyposis coli. Most of the polyps were located exclusively at the rectum and sigmoid colon. In only 7 cases were the polyps proximal to the rectosigmoid region. This included 6 patients who had polyps beyond the splenic flexure. All were juvenile polyps without evidence of adenomatous changes. Compared to those with isolated polyps, the patients with polyposis coli had a statistically significant incidence of right‐sided polyps (P <0.001) and a history of prolapse of the rectal mass (P = 0.006).ConclusionsBecause of the high prevalence of right‐sided polyps and the concern about malignant transformation, colonoscopy should be considered as the initial evaluation in children with rectal bleeding.
An Evidence‐Based Approach to the Treatment of Thyroid Lymphoma
Authors: Mack Lloyd A. , Pasieka Janice L. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractBackgroundPrimary thyroid lymphoma is a rare tumor that makes up 1–5% of thyroid malignancies and less than 2% of extranodal lymphomas. The treatment and prognosis of thyroid lymphomas can be divided into two distinct clinicopathologic entities: pure mucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphomas and diffuse large B‐cell or mixed subtypes.MethodsAn evidence‐based review was performed to determine the role of fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy and adjuncts as the first diagnostic test for thyroid lymphoma, the role of open surgical biopsy, the role of palliative surgery as well as the best treatment (combined chemoradiation versus single modality surgery or radiation) for thyroid lymphoma. The ideal treatment of thyroid lymphoma was further assessed for both diffuse B‐cell and MALT histologic subtypes.ResultsAlthough an evidence‐based review was challenging primarily due to a lack of high‐level evidence, several recommendations are possible and presented regarding the optimal diagnostic methods and treatment of thyroid lymphoma. FNA and adjuncts are recommended as the first test to diagnose thyroid lymphoma, but open surgical biopsy may still be required in many cases. Combined chemoradiation therapy is recommended for all diffuse B‐cell or mixed lymphomas. Single modality therapy with surgery or radiation alone may be considered for early‐stage (IE) intrathyroidal MALT lymphomas. No recommendations could be made regarding the role of palliative surgery.ConclusionEvidence‐based recommendations can be applied to the individual patient with thyroid lymphoma with the involvement of an experienced multidisciplinary team consisting of an endocrine/oncology surgeon, radiation oncologist, and medical oncologist.
The Liebermann–Burchard Reaction: Sulfonation, Desaturation, and Rearrangment of Cholesterol in Acid
Authors: Xiong Quanbo , Wilson William K. , Pang Jihai 
Published: January 2007

AbstractIn the Liebermann–Burchard (LB) colorimetric assay, treatment of cholesterol with sulfuric acid, acetic anhydride, and acetic acid elicits a blue color. We studied the reactivity of cholesterol under LB conditions and provide definitive NMR characterization for approximately 20 products, whose structure and distribution suggest the following mechanistic picture. The major reaction pathways do not involve cholestadienes, i‐steroids, or cholesterol dimers, as proposed previously. Instead, cholesterol and its acetate and sulfate derivatives undergo sulfonation at a variety of positions, often with skeletal rearrangements. Elimination of an SO3H group as H2SO3 generates a new double bond. Repetition of this desaturation process leads to polyenes and ultimately to aromatic steroids. Linearly conjugated polyene cations can appear blue but form too slowly to account for the LB color response, whose chemical origin remains unidentified. Nevertheless, the classical polyene cation model is not excluded for Salkowski conditions (sulfuric acid), which immediately generate considerable amounts of cholesta‐3,5‐diene. Some rearrangements of cholesterol in H2SO4 resemble the diagenesis pathways of sterols and may furnish useful lipid biomarkers for characterizing geological systems.
Autonomic activation and pain in response to low‐grade mental stress in fibromyalgia and shoulder/neck pain patients
Authors: Nilsen Kristian Bernhard , Sand Trond , Westgaard Rolf Harald , Stovner Lars Jacob , White Linda R. , Leistad Rune Bang , Helde Grethe , Rø Magne 
Published: January 2007

AbstractObjective: Psychosocial stress is a risk factor for musculoskeletal pain, but how stress affects musculoskeletal pain is poorly understood. We wanted to examine the relationship between low‐grade autonomic activation and stress‐related pain in patients with fibromyalgia and localised chronic shoulder/neck pain.Methods: Twenty‐three female patients with fibromyalgia, 29 female patients with chronic shoulder—neck pain, and 35 healthy women performed a stressful task lasting 60min. With a blinded study design, we recorded continuous blood pressure, heart rate, finger skin blood flow and respiration frequency before (10min), during (60min) and after (30min) the stressful task. The physiological responses were compared with subjective reports of pain.Results: The increase in diastolic blood pressure and heart rate in response to the stressful task were smaller in fibromyalgia patients compared with the healthy controls. Furthermore, fibromyalgia patients had reduced finger skin blood flow at the end of the stressful task compared to healthy controls. We also found an inverse relationship between the heart rate response and development and recovery of the stress‐related pain in fibromyalgia patients.Conclusion: We found abnormal cardiovascular responses to a 60min long stressful task in fibromyalgia patients. Furthermore, we found a negative association between the heart rate response and the pain which developed during the stressful task in the fibromyalgia group, possibly a result of reduced stress‐induced analgesia for fibromyalgia patients.
Computerized diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Aharonson Vered , Halperin Ilan , Korczyn Amos D. 
Published: January 2007

BackgroundWe previously described software that we have developed for use in the evaluation of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Our previous study included an aged nondemented population with memory complaints (n = 41) that was relatively homogenous in terms of education, clinical history, neurological examination, and Mini‐Mental Status Examination (MMSE) scores. Performance patterns in the computerized tests separated the subjects into two groups, and we hypothesized that one group might have had incipient dementia.Methods/ResultsIn the present study we report a follow‐up of 35 of the subjects 2 years later. Eight subjects who were thought to have incipient dementia at baseline could be evaluated in the follow‐up, and six of them have deteriorated according to both MMSE and neurologists' evaluations and have now fulfilled clinical diagnostic criteria of dementia. The other two deteriorated only according to their computer performance. Of the 27 remaining subjects, only one now fulfilled clinical diagnostic criteria for dementia, although the present computerized examinations identified 10 subjects whose performance has deteriorated compared with the previous session.ConclusionThe follow‐up examination thus supported our hypothesis that human‐computer interaction features can contribute to the detection of incipient dementia.
Anxiety of Alzheimer's disease patients before and after a standardized on‐road driving test
Authors: Bhalla Rishi K. , Papandonatos George D. , Stern Robert A. , Ott Brian R. 
Published: January 2007

BackgroundA large number of licensed elderly drivers are demented or are likely to become demented. On‐road driving tests, a method often used to assess driver competency, are likely anxiety‐provoking for elderly individuals. This article examines the relationship between anxiety and driving performance in a mildly demented and elderly control (EC) sample.MethodsAnxiety ratings of fear and tension, as assessed by visual analog scales, of 84 patients clinically diagnosed with mild Alzheimer's disease (AD) (68 safe/marginal and 16 unsafe drivers) were compared with those of 44 age‐ and education‐equated safe/marginal EC participants, both before and after a standardized on‐road driving test.ResultsAnalyses revealed significant positive correlations between AD patients' pre–road test and post–road test tension and post–road test fear ratings and total road test score. Subsequent analyses of variance showed no significant pre–road test differences in fear ratings between the three groups but significantly higher levels of tension among the unsafe AD participants. After adjusting for baseline group differences, unsafe AD drivers experienced stable or higher anxiety levels after road test, whereas both the EC and safe/marginal AD drivers endorsed a significant reduction in anxiety.DiscussionUnlike their safe EC and safe AD driver counterparts, unsafe AD patients reported continued elevated levels of fear and tension after the road test. Given these findings, we suggest that the most appropriate time for driving instructors to counsel patients regarding their driving skills might be directly after the road test.
Temperature dependent photoluminescence with spontaneous piezoelectric field in ZnO∕Zn0.74Mg0.26O single quantum wells
Authors: Cui Jian 
Published: January 2007

Temperature dependent time integrated and time resolved photoluminescence spectra of ZnO∕Zn0.74Mg0.26O single quantum wells with and without spontaneous piezoelectric field are measured. The piezoelectric field can exist up to room temperature. The enhancement of piezoelectric field at low temperature reduces the optical transition energy by 75meV from room temperature to 77K, and correspondingly the lifetime increases from 1to66ns. The nonradiative process is also weaker than the sample without piezoelectric field. A model in combination with piezoelectric field, free electrons in the well and quantum confinement is proposed and can be successfully used to explain the experimental data. The temperature dependent electron density is carried out with a donor density of 1.03×1020cm−3 and an activation energy of 61.6meV.
At the request of the authors and editor, this article is being retracted effective 17 May 2007.