bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Jgroup/ARM: a distributed object group platform with autonomous replication management
Authors: Meling Hein , Montresor Alberto , Helvik Bjarne E. , Babaoglu Ozalp 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThis paper presents the design and implementation of Jgroup/ARM, a distributed object group platform with autonomous replication management along with a novel measurement‐based assessment technique that is used to validate the fault‐handling capability of Jgroup/ARM. Jgroup extends Java RMI through the group communication paradigm and has been designed specifically for application support in partitionable systems. ARM aims at improving the dependability characteristics of systems through a fault‐treatment mechanism. Hence, ARM focuses on deployment and operational aspects, where the gain in terms of improved dependability is likely to be the greatest. The main objective of ARM is to localize failures and to reconfigure the system according to application‐specific dependability requirements. Combining Jgroup and ARM can significantly reduce the effort necessary for developing, deploying and managing dependable, partition‐aware applications. Jgroup/ARM is evaluated experimentally to validate its fault‐handling capability; the recovery performance of a system deployed in a wide area network is evaluated. In this experiment multiple nearly coincident reachability changes are injected to emulate network partitions separating the service replicas. The results show that Jgroup/ARM is able to recover applications to their initial state in several realistic failure scenarios, including multiple, concurrent network partitionings. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mirror, mirrors on the wall, who is the most powerful of all? A self‐study analysis of power relationships in science methods courses
Authors: Moscovici Hedy 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThis study explored the dynamics of power relationships in secondary science methods courses taught at an urban university in Southern California for credential candidates. Data collection extended over 10 academic semesters. Employing frameworks of power, self‐study, and critical pedagogy, the study analyzes the multifaceted and intricate roads (or multimirrored reflections) of an instructor on her way to becoming a transformative intellectual. Findings suggested that power sources and their use may vary according to the credential candidates' needs and the demands and perceptions of the different tasks performed in class. Perceptions of the instructor's goals and perceived attitudes during classroom tasks seemed to relate to power shifts ultimately influencing classroom dynamics. The major implications of this study was to reemphasize the acute need for instructor self‐studies in science education as a way of improving practice and fulfilling the demands of the changing and challenging science credential candidate population as well as their K–12 students. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 44: 1370–1388, 2007
Measurements behind model wind turbines: further evidence of wake meandering
Authors: Medici D. , Alfredsson P. H. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe frequency of wind turbine wake meandering was studied using wind turbine models with one, two and three blades. The one‐bladed turbine did not give rise to any meandering motion, whereas meandering was observed for both the two‐ and three‐bladed turbines at high enough rotational speeds. It was shown that both the thrust of the turbine and the tip‐speed ratio influence the meandering. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Indenyl‐Titanchloride: Ethen‐Polymerisation und Struktur‐Reaktivitäts‐Untersuchungen
Authors: Weiß T. , Völkening S. , Rüffer T. , Meichel E. , Sachse H. , Rheinwald G. , Lang H. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractIndenyl‐Titaniumchlorides: Ethene‐Polymerization and Structure‐Reactivity StudiesThe halfsandwich complexes [(η5‐C9H7)TiCl3] (3a), [(η5‐Me3Si‐1‐C9H6)TiCl3] (3b), [(η5‐Me‐1‐C9H6)TiCl3] (3c), [(η5‐Me2‐4,7‐C9H5)TiCl3] (3d), [(η5‐Me3Si‐2‐C9H6)TiCl3] (3e), [(η5‐Me2–1,3‐C9H5)TiCl3] (3f), [(η5‐(CH2)3–5,6‐C9H5)TiCl3] (4), and [(η5‐(CH2)3–1,7‐C9H5)TiCl3] (5) are accessible by reacting the in position 1 or 3 Me3Si‐functionalized appropriate indenes with TiCl4. CG‐TiCl2 compounds (CG = Constraint Geometry) can be synthesized by the subsequent reaction of Br‐2‐C9H7 (6a), Br‐2‐Me2‐1,3‐C9H5 (6b) and Br‐2‐(CH2)3‐5,6‐C9H5 (6c), respectively, with magnesium in presence of Me2SiCl2 to give the respective Me2SiCl‐functionalized indenes which further react with an excess of H2NtBu to afford tBuHN‐SiMe2‐2‐C9H7 (8a), tBuHN‐2‐Me2‐1,3‐C9H5 (8b) and tBuHN–2‐(CH2)3‐5,6‐C9H5 (8c). The latter species produce on their consecutive reaction with nBuLi, [TiCl3·3Thf] and PbCl2 the titanium CG‐complexes [(η5‐SiMe2NtBu‐2‐C9H6)TiCl2] (9a), [(η5‐Me2‐1,3‐SiMe2NtBu‐2‐C9H4)TiCl2] (9b), and [(η5‐Me2SiNtBu‐2‐(CH2)3‐5,6‐C9H4)TiCl2] (10). The same synthesis protocol allows the preparation of [(η5‐Me2SiNtBu‐1‐Me3Si‐2‐C9H5)TiCl2] (12) a CG complex in which the Me2SiNtBu unit is located in position 1.The polymerization of ethene by using 3–5 and 9–12 and MAO (MAO = methylaluminoxane) as cocatalyst is described to show if a strong activity correlation between 3–5 and 9–12 exists. In order to optimize the catalytic activity of 3–5 the electronic (cyclic voltammetry, UV‐Vis spectroscopy) and steric properties (Multiple Overlap Solid Angle) of these species were analyzed. Based on the obtained data, semi‐empirical structure‐activity models for 3–5 are proposed to obtain an optimized substituent pattern for the indenyl moiety. Substituents in position 1 or 4 of the appropriate indenyl π‐perimeters show a strong bathochromic (+M) and electro‐neutral to electro‐negativ effect (0/‐I).
Adducts of Gallium Trichloride and Bis(trimethylsilyl)sulfur Diimide
Authors: Hubrich Christopher , Schulz Axel , Villinger Alexander 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe monoadduct of GaCl3 with bis(trimethylsilyl)sulfur diimide (1) was synthesized and fully characterized. In the attempt to synthesize and isolate the diadduct of bis(trimethylsilyl)sulfur diimide (2), an astonishing GaCl3 diadduct of 3,3,5,5‐tetramethyl‐4,3,5,1,2,6‐oxadisilathiadiazine (3) was obtained. The formation of the six‐membered heterocycle can be explained by a methyl/chlorine exchange with GaCl3 as transfer reagent followed slow hydrolysis along with a condensation process. The structure of 1 and 3 was determined by single crystal X‐ray studies (1: monoclinic, P21/c, a = 11.187(2) Å, b = 9.338(2) Å, c = 18.117(6) Å, β = 111.80(2)° V = 1757.2(8) Å3, Z = 4; 3: monoclinic, C2/c, a = 19.950(6) Å, b = 8.722(2) Å, c = 12.078(2) Å, β = 114.60(4)°; V = 1910.8(8) Å3, Z = 4).
Ontogeny of chick behavior: a tool for monitoring the growth and development of lesser adjutant storks
Authors: Maust Maria , Clum Nancy , Sheppard Christine 
Published: October 2007

AbstractWe studied the behavioral development of seven lesser adjutant stork (Leptoptilos javanicus) chicks from hatching to fledging over three breeding seasons at the Bronx Zoo. We developed an ethogram and compared the rate at which behaviors appeared in relation to brood size, sex, and the conditions in which the chicks were raised by their parents. Although sample sizes were small, there seem to be sex‐related differences in the rate at which behaviors develop, with females developing more rapidly than males. Larger clutch size may be associated with slower growth rate because the single male developed faster than the two males in 2004. The slowest growth rate, observed in a single male chick in 1999, was most likely owing to nutritional deficiencies and other health complications. More research is needed, but these results can be used to help evaluate the age and health of lesser adjutant stork chicks in captivity and in the wild. Zoo Biol 26:533–538, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Complete recovery from acute encephalopathy of late‐onset ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency in a 3‐year‐old boy
Authors: Mak C. M. , Siu T.‐S. , Lam C.‐W. , Chan G. C.‐F. , Poon G. W.‐K. , Wong K.‐Y. , Low L. C.‐K. , Tang N. L. , Li S. K. , Lau K.‐Y. , Kwong N.‐S. , Tam S. 
Published: October 2007

SummaryOrnithine transcarbamylase deficiency is the commonest urea cycle disorder which is transmitted in X‐linked inheritance. It is mainly characterized in males by acute encephalopathy and hyperammonaemia with fatal outcomes in both classical neonatal and late‐onset types. We report a 3‐year‐old healthy Hong Kong Chinese boy who presented with acute encephalopathy and coma after three days of gastroenteritis. He had no focal neurological deficit and brain CT imaging was normal. His plasma ammonia (54 μmol/L) and glutamine (747 μmol/L) concentrations were normal. The only biochemical abnormalities detected were marked orotic aciduria (700 μmol/mmol creatinine) and elevated urinary uracil. He regained consciousness spontaneously after three days under intensive care with parenteral fluid therapy. He recovered completely without any neurological deficits. Five months after discharge, urinary uracil concentration remained elevated despite normalized orotic acid concentration. Finally, ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency was diagnosed by DNA analysis. A missense mutation of arginine‐to‐glutamine substitution on amino acid 277 (p.R277Q) was revealed to be a late‐onset mutant. Our case strengthens the argument that in any child with coma or acute encephalopathy of undetermined cause, genetic analysis of the OTC gene and the measurement of urinary uracil concentration remain the most reliable indicators of late‐onset OTCD during acute and even quiescent phases. Existing neonatal screening programmes for inheritable metabolic disorders fail to detect late‐onset variants. Therefore, a high clinical suspicion is a key to correct and timely diagnosis, especially in those patients with atypical presentations.
An existence result for a free boundary shallow water model using a Lagrangian scheme
Authors: Flori F. , Orenga P. , Peybernes M. 
Published: October 2007

We propose a free boundary shallow water model for which we give an existence theorem. The proof uses an original Lagrangian discrete scheme in order to build a sequence of approximate solutions. The properties of this scheme allow to treat the difficulties linked to the boundary motion. These approximate solutions verify some compactness results which allow us to pass to the limit in the discrete problem.

Résumé
Nous proposons un modèle de shallow water à frontière libre pour lequel nous donnons un théorème d'existence. La preuve utilise un schéma de discrétisation lagrangien original afin de construire une suite de solutions approchées. Les propriétés de ce schéma permettent de traiter les difficultés liées au mouvement de la frontière. Ces solutions approchées vérifient certaines estimations qui nous permettent de passer à la limite dans le problème discrétisé.
Are reports of mechanical dysfunction in chronic oro‐facial pain related to somatisation? A population based study
Authors: Aggarwal Vishal R. , McBeth John , Zakrzewska Joanna M. , Lunt Mark , Macfarlane Gary J. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractObjectives:
To examine the association between self‐reported mechanical factors and chronic oro‐facial pain.
To test the hypothesis that this relationship could be explained by (a) reporting of psychological factors (b) common association of self‐reported mechanical factors with other unexplained syndromes.
Methods: A population based cross‐sectional study of 4200 randomly selected adults registered with a General Medical Practice in North West, England. The study examined the association of chronic oro‐facial pain with a variety of self‐reported mechanical factors: teeth grinding, facial trauma, missing teeth and the feeling that the teeth did not fit together properly. Information was also collected on demographic factors, psychological factors and the reporting of other frequently unexplained syndromes.Results: An adjusted response rate of 72% was achieved. Only two mechanical factors: teeth grinding (odds ratio (OR) 2.0, 95% CI 1.3–3.0) and facial trauma (OR 2.0; 95% CI 1.3–2.9) were independently associated with chronic oro‐facial pain after adjusting for psychological factors. However, these factors were also commonly associated with the reporting of other frequently unexplained syndromes: teeth grinding (odds ratio (OR) 1.8, 95% CI 1.5–2.2), facial trauma (OR 2.1; 95% CI 1.7–2.6).Conclusions: Self‐reported mechanical factors associated with chronic oro‐facial pain are confounded, in part, by psychological factors and are equally common across other frequently unexplained syndromes. They may represent another feature of somatisation. Therefore the use of extensive invasive therapy such as occlusal adjustments and surgery to change mechanical factors may not be justified in many cases.
Fatty acids in component of milk enhance the expression of the cAMP-response-element-binding-protein-binding protein (CBP)/p300 gene in developing rats
Authors: Mochizuki Kazuki , Kawai Hiromi , Mochizuki Hiroko , Shimada Masaya , Takase Sachiko , Goda Toshinao 
Published: October 2007

Fatty acids in milk are thought to play an important role in intestinal maturation and gene expression in the rat small intestine during the suckling–weaning period. In the present study, we determined the jejunal mRNA level of the cAMP-response-element-binding-protein-binding protein (CBP)/p300, which is one of the chromatin remodelling factors and regulates histone acetylation, during the postnatal period in rats. The mRNA level of CBP/p300 was high during the suckling and middle of the weaning period (day 5 to 20) and then declined sharply to a low level at the end of the weaning period and after weaning.In situhybridisation also showed that CBP/p300 mRNA levels in the villus as well as the basal membrane clearly decreased after weaning. Rat pups at age 17 d, weaned to a high-fat diet, showed higher levels of CBP/p300 mRNA than those weaned to a low-fat diet. Oral administration of caprylic acid, oleic acid and linoleic acid, which are major fatty acid components in milk, induced jejunal CBP/p300 gene expression. The present results suggest that fatty acids in components of milk enhance expression of the CBP/p300 genes in the small intestine.
Comparative effects of olive oil-based and soyabean oil-based emulsions on infection rate and leucocyte count in critically ill patients receiving parenteral nutrition
Authors: Mateu-de Antonio Javier , Grau Santiago , Luque Sonia , Marín-Casino Mónica , Albert Inmaculada , Ribes Esther 
Published: October 2007

Soyabean oil-based emulsions high in linoleic acid used in parenteral nutrition (PN) could interfere with immune function and may increase the risk of septic complications. Olive oil-based emulsions, high in oleic acid, could have fewer immune effects. We compared the effects of a soyabean oil-based emulsionv. an olive oil-based emulsion on infection rate, appearance of new infection episodes, leucocyte count (peak and evolution), acute-phase proteins, and major health outcomes in intensive care unit (ICU) adult patients receiving PN. The study was designed as an observational, retrospective, single-centre, cohort study in a general ICU. Patients in the SOYA cohort (n16) received a soyabean oil-based emulsion and patients in the OLIVE cohort (n23), an olive oil-based emulsion. Both cohorts had similar basal characteristics and received a similar energy load. The SOYA cohort received an oleic acid:linoleic acid ratio of 0·43 and the OLIVE cohort 2·99 (P < 0·001). No differences were observed in infection rate and appearance, acute-phase proteins, and major health outcomes. At the end of PN, blood leucocyte count decreased by 3·25 × 109cells/l in the SOYA cohort and increased by 4·51 × 109cells/l in the OLIVE cohort from baseline values (P = 0·036). Peak leucocyte count presented a trend for a higher value in the OLIVE cohortv. the SOYA cohort (18·86v. 15·28 × 109cells/l;P = 0·078). The use of an olive oil-based emulsion in PN had no effect on infection, acute-phase proteins, major health outcomes, and presented higher leucocyte count at the end of PN and a trend to higher peak leucocyte count when compared with soyabean oil-based emulsion in ICU patients.
The Miocene igneous rocks in the Basal Unit of Lavrion (SE Attica, Greece): petrology and geodynamic implications
Authors: SKARPELIS NIKOS , TSIKOURAS BASILIOS , PE-PIPER GEORGIA 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe Miocene igneous rocks in the Basal Unit of the Lavrion area form part of the granitoid province of the central Aegean. Undeformed, subvertical dykes of quartz-syenite to granodiorite and granite porphyries, and a little deformed but variably altered granodiorite stock intrude metamorphic rocks of the Basal Unit. A 9.4 ± 0.3 Ma K–Ar age on feldspar for a dyke rock provides a minimum age for the igneous activity in the Basal Unit. East–west orientation of porphyry dykes is indicative of a regional extensional stress field with roughly north–south direction. Substantial extension in the Basal Unit after granodiorite emplacement is evident from widespread quartz veining associated with hydrothermal alteration of the granodiorite and the occurrence of mineralized tension gashes cutting the hydrothermally altered hornfelses. Final emplacement of the Blueschist Unit over the Basal Unit by extensional detachment post-dates contact metamorphism of the rocks surrounding the granodiorite. Geochemical diagrams show a continuous range of compositions from the dykes to the granodiorite. Radiogenic isotope compositions are compatible with a common magmatic source for the two lithologies. Elemental variations, as well as the considerable geochemical similarity of the dyke rocks to the Hercynian paragneiss of the central Cyclades, indicate that crustal melts were significant components during the evolution of the igneous rocks with fractional crystallization as an important process during later stages of evolution. The granodiorite displays geochemical signatures indicative of a significant mafic mantle-derived magma component.
Festivals and the dynamics of the exceptional dead in northern Vietnam
Authors: Kingsley Malarney Shaun 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThis article examines the changing dynamics of ritual engagements with the ‘exceptional dead’ in northern Vietnam. Since its inception, the socialist state has attempted to control which exceptional dead its citizenry can ritually engage in order to advance revolutionary goals. Although it was successful in this effort for several decades, since the early 1990s both the state and the population have begun ritually engaging a wider number of exceptional dead. This article examines the implications of this change with regard to political legitimation, access to sacred space and the changing role of the exceptional dead in people's lives.
Man's “Hollow Core”: ethics and aesthetics in Ḥadīth literature and classical Arabic adab
Authors: Sperl Stefan 
Published: October 2007

AbstractClassical Arabic Ḥadīth literature is largely composed of micro-narratives recording the sayings and deeds of the Prophet Muḥammad. This study seeks to examine their literary form by focusing on selected examples listed in the canonical Ḥadīth compendia under the heading of adab, a term which may be rendered here as “practical ethics” but which is also commonly used to designate classical Arabic belles-lettres. While the latter is a type of literature quite distinct from the literature of Ḥadīth the texts here studied point to a certain interface between them. The ethical dimension of adab as it appears in Ḥadīth is examined further in the light of Haydon White's theory on the relation between narrativity and law. Contrasting the micro-narrative of Ḥadīth with the “macro-narrative” of the epic provides further insight into its approach to adab and serves to highlight its distinct literary and religious aesthetic.
The service retinues of the Chola court: a study of the term veḷam in Tamil inscriptions
Authors: Ali Daud 
Published: October 2007

AbstractDrawing on the large corpus of Chola period Tamil inscriptions, this paper attempts to clarify the meaning of the apparently obscure and neglected term in Tamil epigraphy, known as veḷam. The paper argues that the term in Chola period sources should best be understood as a “palace establishment” composed mostly of women (and sometimes men) of servile status. A relatively comprehensive review of the term in inscriptions and literature sheds significant light on the organization of the lower echelons of labour in the Chola royal household and the conditions under which men and women of this status were incorporated into such service. The paper argues for a reconsideration of the importance of the veḷam as an institution in Chola times, as well as the lives of its members, concluding with reflections on how the institution changed over time.
Redefining Cantonese cuisine in post-Mao Guangzhou
Authors: Klein Jakob A. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractTo what extent do regional cuisines provide a set of principles through which “outside” flavours, foodstuffs and techniques may be safely incorporated? This question is explored through an ethnographic account of Cantonese cuisine in Guangzhou (Canton) at the turn of the twenty-first century. I focus on a historic restaurant in the city, where managers and cooks sought to innovate with the help of “outside” tastes, but without the restaurant losing its status as a “traditional” establishment. I argue that the incorporation of “outside” flavours onto local menus was not done on the basis of culinary principles alone, but that considerations of social hierarchy and cultural identity were equally important factors. Indeed, many of the dishes and techniques introduced contradicted the alleged principles of Cantonese cuisine. Such contradictions were downplayed, however, through essentialized representations of Cantonese cuisine and its relationship to specific localities.
Ngaraya: Women and musical mastery in Mali
Authors: Durán Lucy 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThis article aims to contribute to an understanding of the evaluation of musical artistry in Africa, through Mali as a case study. The discussion focuses on the informal discourses of the occupational group of Mande artisan-musicians known as jeli (pl. jeliw, jalilu), concerning the ideal of musical greatness, signified by the polysemic term ngaraya; while there is consensus about the ideal, there is much debate about who qualifies. Drawing on extensive interviews and fieldwork with leading jeliw over the past twenty years, it pays special attention to the views of and about Malian women singers, who since the 1980s have – somewhat controversially, as explored here – been the “stars” on the home scene. The article shows how local discourses challenge the widely accepted view that only men are the true masters (ngaraw). Many women jeli singers (jelimusow) have a special claim to ngaraya, and some also seek to position themselves within the canon, as they increasingly move into centre-stage of Malian popular culture. The importance of learning directly from senior master jeliw remains a core issue in the evaluation of ngaraya for both men and women, encapsulated in the phrase “the true ngaraw are all at home”.