bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polyradiculoneuritis and Solymyositis due to a toxoplasma‐like protozoan: Diagnosis and treatment
Authors: McGlennon N. J. , Jefferies A. R. , Casas C. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA polyradiculoneuritis and polymyositis caused by a toxoplasma‐like protozoan is described in two seven‐week‐old labrador pups. Examination of a centrifuged sample of cerebrospinal fluid was a useful diagnostic aid in one case and the successful treatment of the other pup is described. This case is discussed in the light of the recently described protozoan Neospora caninum which can also affect the neuromuscular system of neonatal pups.
Concurrent diabetes mellitus and hyperadrenocorticism in the dog: Diagnosis and management of eight cases
Authors: Blaxter A. C. , Gruffydd‐Jones T. J. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTEight cases of concurrent diabetes mellitus and hyperadrenocorticism are described. In all but one dog diabetes mellitus was the first condition recognised and, in these, clinical signs attributable to hyperadrenocorticism developed further while the dogs received replacement insulin therapy. The most common signs were resistance to exogenous insulin with daily insulin replacement dosage requirements exceeding 2 iu/kg, erratic insulin requirements, continuing polydipsia/polyuria and weight loss. Lethargy and muscle weakness were variable and dermatological abnormalities were present in only four cases. Six dogs were treated with op'DDD and clinical signs resolved with improvement of glycaemic control.
Clinical and haematological findings in 70 naturally occurring cases of canine babesiosis
Authors: Abdullahi S. U. , Mohammed A. A. , Trimnell A. R. , Sannusi A. , Alafiatayo R. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTNatural cases of Babesia canis infection in Nigerian dogs were encountered over a two‐year period. Over 70 per cent of the dogs were less than or equal to one year of age. The hyperacute and acute forms of the disease were encountered in dogs as young as four weeks. The acute form of the disease was most common. Consistent clinical signs of the acute form included abnormal appetite, lethargy, fever, anaemia, generalised lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, emaciation and icterus. Anaemia was of the regenerative type in all cases while neutrophilic leucocytosis was mainly observed in hyperacute cases. Four dogs with hyperacute disease died despite treatment while all other dogs recovered following single dose (3–5 mg/kg) treatment with diminazene aceturate. The results of this study indicate that hyperacute babesiosis in dogs should be considered more frequently by veterinarians.
Cutaneous metastasis of a colonic carcinoma in a dog
Authors: Hampson E. C. G. M. , Wilkinson G. T. , Suttont R. H. , Turner S. A. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTAn entire seven‐year‐old Afghan bitch was referred with a two month history of pruritic, erythematous and ulcerated lesions involving the skin of the ventral abdomen, caudal mammae, inguinal region and the inner thighs. Other clinical signs included pyrexia, mild dyspnoea, mammary hypertrophy and lactation. A skin biopsy confirmed an anaplastic carcinoma. At necropsy, the neoplasm was located in the colon, urinary bladder, liver, peritoneal wall, diaphragm, parietal pleura and mediastinal membranes, including the pericardial sac attachment. The colon was considered to be the primary site.
Demodex cuniculi in dwarf rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)
Authors: Harvey R. G. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACT Demodex cuniculi in a number of dwarf rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) is reported. In contrast to previous reports the findings suggest that the mite should be considered as a normal resident of the epidermis and hair follicle of the rabbit.
Cholesterol granuloma of the maxilla in a dog
Authors: Mould J. R. B. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA case of cholesterol granuloma of the maxilla is described in a 13‐year‐old dog presented because of a long history of facial swelling, irritation and epiphora. Plain and contrast radiography indicated an intramaxillary mass with overlying bone destruction unrelated to the nasolacrimal duct. The lesion was excised and all clinical signs resolved.
Fascia lata loop stabilisation of the coxofemoral joint in the dog and cat
Authors: Lubbe A. M. , Verstraete F. J. M. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA transarticular loop of autogenous fascia lata was used to stabilise the coxofemoral joint following open reduction of recurrent and long standing hip luxation in 10 dogs and two cats. The caudolateral approach used proved to be simple and allowed good visualisation. Good results were obtained and only one of 12 cases reluxated in a follow‐up period varying from three months to one year. The loop technique required little sophisticated equipment and is within the scope of the average surgeon.
Disseminated intravascular coagulation in dogs with aflatoxicosis
Authors: Hagiwara M. K. , Kogika M. M. , Malucelli B. E. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTDuring an outbreak of aflatoxicosis in dogs living in Sao Paulo, two cases of disseminated intravascular coagulation were observed in association with the ingestion of an aflatoxin contaminated dog food. The first dog, a four‐year‐old, male, German shepherd developed haematemesis, melaena, petechial haemorrhages and jaundice progressing to uraemia, encephalopathy and death. The second dog, an 11‐month‐old, female, basset hound showed jaundice and ascites with no obvious haemor‐rhagic signs, except the persistence of bleeding at the sites of venepunctures and petechiae on the oral mucosa. As overall signs deteriorated and evolved to uraemia, the dog was killed. Both had a prolonged whole blood clotting time (120 and 12 minutes), one stage prothrombin time (300 and 24 seconds) and activated partial thromboplastin time (320 and 180 seconds), reduction in the plasma fibrinogen (0–14 g/litre and 0–6 g/litre), thrombocytopenia (150 × 109/litre and 32 × 109/litre) and a positive protamine sulphate test, indicating the presence of fibrin monomers. The occurrence of disseminated intravascular coagulation was confirmed by the observation of multiple areas of infection in kidney and lung and by the presence of fibrin clots inside pulmonary vessels.
Surgical correction of facial droop in the English cocker spaniel
Authors: Bedford P. G. C. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTHooding of the globe with exposure of both membrana and everted lower palpebral conjunctival surfaces is part of a required facial conformation for several breeds of dog. Compliance with the associated Kennel Club breed standards may bring reward in the show ring, but poor apposition between eyelid and globe is clinically unsound. There may be an associated physical impairment of sight, chronic conjunctivitis or keratoconjunctivitis, and epiphora. Treatment can be difficult, but in the English cocker spaniel considerable improvement may be achieved by simple face lift surgery. The technique restores the palpebral fissure to its normal position, and long term results suggest that the correction is maintained permanently.
Oesophageal hiatal hernia in two cats
Authors: Waldron D. R. , Moon M. , Leib M. S. , Barber D. , Mays K. Asbury 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTSliding oesophageal hiatal hernia was diagnosed radiographically in two domestic short‐haired cats. The hernias were corrected by hiatal tightening, modified Nissen fundoplication and permanent gastropexy. One cat recovered without complication, and the other developed severe necrotic gastritis following surgery. Both cats were asymptomatic and had normal radiographic studies nine months and one year after surgery.
Radiographic anatomy of the tarsocrural joint of the dog
Authors: Carlisle C. H. , Reynolds K. M. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe normal radiographic anatomy of the proximal hock joint of the dog is discussed. The choice of projection depended on the site to be examined. Examination of the lateral trochlear ridge of the talus required a number of projections including the fully extended and fully flexed mediolateral, plantaromedial‐dorsolateral oblique and a flexed dorsoplantar using a horizontal beam. The best radiographic projection for examination of the medial side of the joint was the plantarodorsal projection while the mediolateral projection showed the dorsal and plantar edges and gave some general information of changes around the joint.
Radiographic signs of osteochondritis dissecans of the lateral ridge of the trochlea tali in the dog
Authors: Carlisle C. H. , Robins G. M. , Reynolds K. M. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTOsteochondritis dissecans lesions of the lateral ridge of the trochlea of the talus occur infrequently and are difficult to diagnose. They occur mainly in the proximal or proximodorsal section of the lateral ridge of the trochlea and are best seen in the plantaromedial‐dorsolateral oblique projection (with the X‐ray beam angled 30 to 45o from the vertical), and in the fully flexed and extended mediolateral projections. The flexed dorsoplantar projection using a horizontal beam is also useful.
A method of surgical correction of glaucoma in a dog
Authors: Raffan P. J. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA new surgical technique is described for the attempted relief of glaucoma in a dog. To achieve aqueous drainage a Supramid thread was placed in the anterior chamber, threaded subconjunctival^ across the globe and inserted into the nasolacrimal duct via the dorsal lacrimal punctum. It is hoped that the level of success achieved in this one case will prompt others, to investigate the nasolacrimal duct as a possible drainage route for aqueous fluid.
Studies on canine pregnancy using B‐mode ultrasound: Diagnosis of early pregnancy and the number of conceptuses
Authors: England G. C. W. , Allen W. Edward 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe ultrasonic (B‐mode) detection of canine pregnancies was first achieved 21 to 23 days after the calculated luteinising hormone peak when daily examinations were made in six bitches. In 51 pregnant bitches examined for the first time between 20 and 35 days, one bitch was incorrectly diagnosed as non‐pregnant 24 days after the calculated luteinising hormone peak. In only 31‐8 per cent of pregnancies was conceptal number accurately determined. The greatest tendency was to underestimate the number of conceptuses.
Fragmentation of the medial coronoid process of the ulna in dogs: A study of 109 cases
Authors: Read R. A. , Armstrong S. J. , O'Keefe J. D. , Eger C. E. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe results of a combined retrospective and prospective study of 130 cases of fragmented coronoid process (FCP) in 109 dogs are presented. Sixty‐eight cases were treated surgically by medial elbow arthrotomy and 62 were treated medically (rest and anti‐inflammatories). Case records were searched with the emphasis on the severity of lameness, physical abnormalities and in surgical cases, the appearance of the coronoid process lesion. Long term follow‐up was obtained by a telephone survey. Analysis of case histories and physical data revealed no correlation between severity of lameness before treatment, severity of radiographic changes in the elbow joint and the type of lesion found at surgery. Surgical treatment did not decrease the incidence of post treatment lameness, but the surgically treated dogs were more active and less severely lame than those treated without surgery. It was concluded that young dogs with mild lameness due to FCP in the elbow probably do not benefit from surgical treatment but dogs with chronic, moderate to severe lameness have a better prognosis if treated surgically.
Successful treatment of suspected essential thrombo‐cythaemia in the dog
Authors: Simpson J. W. , Else R. W. , Honeyman P. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTEssential thrombocythaemia in an eight‐year‐old Irish setter is described. The condition is characterised by an autonomous overproduction of thrombocytes in the absence of overt leukaemia. This is believed to be the first recorded case of this condition in the dog. The paper describes the diagnosis and treatment by combination chemotherapy using vincristine, cytosine arabinoside, cyclophosphamide and prednisolone.
Regulation of salt and water balance
Authors: Michell A. R. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTIn the period 1945–1965 the key features of the regulation of salt and water balance seemed to have emerged yet the next 20 years revealed an increasing disparity between physiological theory and clinical fact. During the 1980s it was recognised, belatedly, that the physiological defence against excess salt is almost as important as that against depletion and that two main types of hormone were vital in this defence. There was also increasing emphasis on the role of non‐renal factors in the regulation of salt and water balance. Despite this rapid progress the paradox remains: all we know about the physiology of sodium balance still does not enable us to explain convincingly its three most obvious disturbances; cardiac, hepatic and nephrotic oedema. In this subject, clinical problems continue to provide the force behind the scientific advances.
Percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty in four dogs with pulmonic stenosis
Authors: Brownlie S. E. , Cobb M. A. , Chambers J. , Jackson G. , Thomas S. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractFour young dogs with severe pulmonic stenosis were treated by percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty. Pressure gradients between the right ventricle and pulmonary artery were markedly reduced by the procedure resulting in dramatic improvements in growth rate and clinical condition. No postoperative problems were encountered.
Validation of a radioassay for the determination of serum folate and cobalamin concentrations in dogs
Authors: Batt R. M. , McLean L. , Rutgers H. C. , Hall E. J. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractDeterminations of serum folate and cobalamin concentrations in dogs have proved of considerable value for the identification and characterisation of chronic small intestinal disorders, but the microbiological assays used are time‐consuming and technically demanding. Dual isotope radio‐assays are more convenient and have been developed for the determination of folate and cobalamin in human beings. This study has evaluated such an assay for the determination of serum folate and cobalamin concentrations in dogs by direct comparison with microbiological assays used previously. Assays were performed on samples from 77 dogs, including controls and animals with confirmed or suspected chronic small intestinal disease. Regression analysis demonstrated a significant relationship between the two assays for serum folate concentrations (R=0–85; P=0–0001) and a definite trend for radioassay to give lower results than bioassay. There was also a significant relationship between bioassay and radioassay data for serum cobalamin (R=0–91; P=0–0001) with comparable absolute values for these two assays. Radioassay of serum samples from 31 clinically healthy dogs gave control ranges of 3–7 to 8‐8 4mUg/litre for folate and 205 to 490 ng/litre for cobalamin. These ranges were similar to those calculated by comparison with the established ranges for bioassay using regression analysis, which predicted ranges of 4‐4 to 8‐4 μg/litre and 217 to 398 ng/litre for radioassay of serum folate and cobalamin, respectively. These data indicate that a dual isotope radioassay of serum folate and cobalamin may be used for dogs, and emphasise the need for laboratories to validate and establish their own control ranges for different assays.
Bilateral flank ovariectomy in the dog ‐surgical technique and sequelae in 72 animals
Authors: Janssens L.A.A. , Janssens G.H.R.R. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractSeventy‐two dogs of 27 breeds were ovariec‐tomised and followed for six years minimum. Trie technique used was a bilateral surgical flank approach, removing the ovaries and leaving the uterus in situ. The main technical advantages of the technique are the better ovarian exposure, the possible deep placement of the ligatures and the small incisions. The disadvantages are the need to turn the animal, to redrape it and the difficulty in finding the ovarian bursa in some animals as well as the difficulty of removing the uterus when necessary. Post surgical complications were minimal and consisted mainly of seroma formation in 16 dogs (26 per cent) for a maximum of two weeks. In the long term the major complications were weight gain (60 per cent), excessive hair shedding (26 per cent), aggressiveness towards other dogs (22 per cent), sedentary behaviour (29 per cent) and urinary incontinence (18 per cent). The latter started approximately 1–5 years after surgery and occurred periodically in one half and continuously in the other half of the dogs. Over the mean 10 years follow‐up period no cases of pyometra occurred.
Spinal dysraphism in the weimaraner
Authors: van den Broek A. H. M. , Else R. W. , Abercromby R. , France M. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractTwo weimaraner pups manifested the tetrad of clinical signs typical of spinal dysraphism: hopping gait; crouched stance; hmdlimb abduction and poor hindpaw proprioception. Histopatho‐logical examination revealed spinal cord anomalies, asymmetry of dorsal grey matter and syringomyelia, consistent with spinal dysraphism in one case. There was a poor correlation between the severity of the clinical signs and the histopathological lesions.
Hep atop athy and dermatitis in a dog associated with the ingestion of mycotoxins
Authors: Little C. J. L. , McNeil P. E. , Robb J. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA five‐year‐old German shepherd dog was presented with a severe scrotal dermatitis of four weeks duration which had failed to respond to antibiotic and corticosteroid therapy. Dermato‐histopathology indicated that the lesion was a necrolytic process suggestive of the hepatocuta‐neous syndrome. Clinical biochemistry investigations indicated the presence of acute hepatocellular damage and cholestasis. The animal was fed a biscuit meal which was damp and mouldy. Penicillium vindication was grown from this feedstuff and three mycotoxins, citrinin, ochratoxin A and sterigmatocystin, were found; substances which have been associated with renal and hepatic lesions in dogs and laboratory animals. Symptomatic therapy and nutritional management, led to rapid clinical improvement. Subsequent plasma biochemistry confirmed that hepatic enzyme activities were returning to normal levels.
Pulmonary infiltration with eosinophils in 14 dogs
Authors: Corcoran B. M. , Thoday K. L. , Henfrey J. I. , Simpson J. W. , Burnie A. G. , Mooney C. T. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTPulmonary infiltration with eosinophils was diagnosed in 14 dogs, whose age ranged from three months to 13 years. The predominant clinical sign was coughing. Dyspnoea, tachypnoea and pruritus were also observed. An absolute circulating eosinophilia was seen in eight dogs and basophilia in five dogs. Thoracic radiographic changes were variable and were not diagnostic. Bronchoscopic evidence of mild to severe bronchitis was present in 12 dogs. Abnormal numbers of eosinophils were found in bronchoalveolar lavage samples and, or, bronchial washings in all 14 cases, but no significant bacteria were recovered. Respiratory compliance was measured in five dogs and was abnormal in three. Faecal examination for helminth parasites was carried out in four cases, a large ascarid burden being identified in one. Intradermal skin testing was carried out in three dogs but was negative in all cases. Complete remission of signs was achieved with prednisolone in 12 cases with six dogs requiring continuous or repeated treatment. Three dogs died as a direct consequence of progression of the disease.
Treatment of canine nasal aspergillosis/penicilliosis with fluconazole (UK‐49,858)
Authors: Sharp N. J. H. , Harvey C. E. , O'Brien J. A. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTFluconazole was given orally at dose rates of 2–5 mg/kg to five dogs, and at 5‐0 mg/kg in a further five dogs, to treat naturally occurring rhinitis/sinusitis caused by Aspergillus or Penicillium species. Infection was confirmed in all dogs by clinical, radiological, rhinoscopical, serological and mycological examination. Treatment was well tolerated. Infection was eliminated in two dogs with penicilliosis, two dogs with aspergillosis, and two dogs where the organism was identified as either Aspergillus or Penicilli‐um species on the basis of immunohistochemical labelling. These six dogs were disease free at reexamination, and have remained so over a median follow‐up period of 27 months.
Treatment of encephalomyelitis due toNeospora caninumin a litter of puppies
Authors: Mayhew I. G. , Smitht K. C. , Dubey J. P. , Gatward L. K. , McGlennon N. J. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA case of encephalomyelitis and polyradiculoneuritis caused by the protozoan parasiteNeospora caninumis described in a 17‐week‐old bloodhound puppy exhibiting progressive paraplegia, Exposure of the dam and litter toN caninumwas confirmed by serological testing for specific antibodies. A successful treatment regimen was employed in a littermate, and in two puppies from a subsequent litter from the same dam, all showing ataxia and hindlimb proprioceptive deficits.
Renal dysplasia in a Brie sheepdog
Authors: Font A. , Ferrer L. , Closa J. M. , Mascort J. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTRenal dysplasia was diagnosed in a five‐month‐old female Brie sheepdog. Clinical signs included vomiting, diarrhoea, coughing, polyuria/ polydipsia, bone pain, carpal and tarsal deviation and small, irregular kidneys. Non‐regenerative anaemia, azotaemia, isosthenuric urine and hyperphosphataemia were the most prominent laboratory abnormalities. Juvenile renal disease was diagnosed. Histopathological evaluation of the kidneys showed lesions of renal dysplasia.
Radiological assessment of the cervical spine of the dobermann with reference to cervical spondylo‐myelopathy
Authors: Lewis D. G. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTPlain and myelographic studies were carried out on 28 dobermanns clinically affected with cervical spondylomyelopathy. The radiographic appearance identified was compared with that found in studies of 24 similar sized dogs of other breeds, and also 115 mature dobermanns clinically normal at presentation. Twenty‐eight of these clinically normal dobermanns were considered to possess radiographic changes similar to those identified in the affected animals. During the next five years 20 (71‐8 per cent) of the animals developed signs of cervical spondylomyelopathy. The remaining 87 dobermanns are considered by their owners to have remained normal. It is suggested that careful radiographic assessment offers a real basis for the identification of potential ‘wobblers’. It also offers a means of identifying sound breeding stock as one method of reducing the incidence of an increasingly serious multifactorial disease.
Effect of the synthetic androgen mesterolone upon seminal characteristics of dogs
Authors: England G. C. W. , Allen W. E. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe synthetic androgen mesterolone given at 1–5 mg/kg daily in divided doses significantly increased the total sperm output of normal dogs. A dose of 3‐0 mg/kg daily in divided doses significantly improved sperm morphology of an oligoasthenoteratozoospermic dog. The effects upon plasma testosterone concentration were not conclusive.