bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sarcoma‐180 cells are more sensitive to heat than are mouse normal tissues: Esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, spleen, and kidney
Authors: Hiramoto Yoichiro , Kusumoto Tetsuya , Maehara Yoshihiko , Sakaguchi Yoshihisa , Kido Yuichiro , Ishida Teruyoshi , Sugimachi Keizo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSensitivity of various mouse tissues to heat was determined using mouse sarcoma‐180 (S‐180) cells and normal tissues: esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, spleen, and kidney. The in vitro succinate dehydrogenase inhibition (SDI) test was used. The succinate dehydrogenase (SD) activity of tissue fragments was assayed, following exposure to a temperature of 43°C (heat treatment) or 37°C (control) for 1, 2, 5, or 10 hr. The sensitivity to heat treatment was estimated by the percentage of SD activity of the heat‐treated cells, compared to that of the control cells. The decrease in SD activity following exposure to heat varied with the tissue. The SD activity decreased to a greater extent in the S‐180 cells than in the normal tissues. In the normal tissues, the order of sensitivity to heat was stomach, spleen, large intestine, small intestine, esophagus, kidney and liver. These results show that hyperthermia is tissue selective, hence heat treatment of a malignant lesion should be carefully designed.
Results of radiation therapy in early glottic carcinoma (T1 T2 N0)
Authors: Stein Moshe , Rosenblatt Edward , Kuten Abraham , Cohen Yoram 
Published: February 2007

AbstractGlottic carcinoma is curable by either surgery or radiotherapy. A total of 60 patients were treated by radiation alone at the Northern Israel Oncology Center, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, between 1970 and 1980. Twentynine (48%) were classified as T1 N0 and 31 (52%) as T2 N0. All patients received radiotherapy primarily with curative intent, with surgery reserved for recurrences. The 5‐year actuarial survival for all patients was 90% and actuarial disease‐free survival was 95%. In ten patients (17%) there was local failure, and five of them were salvaged by surgery. There were no significant acute or long‐term complications of radiation. Factors influencing treatment outcome (anterior commissures involvement, degree of differentiation, treatment volume, and technique of irradiation) and the occurrence of second primary malignancies are discussed.
Continuous systemic 5‐fluorouracil infusion in advanced colorectal cancer: Results in 91 patients
Authors: Hansen R. , Quebbeman E. , Ausman R. , Frick J. , Ritch P. , Schulte W. , Haas C. , Beatty P. , Anderson T. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNinety‐one patients with metastatic colorectal cancer were treated with continuous ambulatory 5‐fluorouracil (5FU) infusion 250‐300 mg/m2/day through a chronic indwelling central venous catheter. Twenty‐six of the 91 patients (29%) had received previous bolus 5FU. Fifty‐eight of the 91 patients (64%) had two or more sites of disease, and 74 of 91 patients (81%) had liver metastases. Results were complete remission in 5 of 91 (6%), partial remission in 25 of 91 (27%), stable disease in 33 of 91 (36%), and progressive disease in 28 of 91 (31%), for an overall response rate of 30 of 91 (33%); median duration of response was 7 months. Twenty‐six of 65 previously untreated patients (40%) experienced objective response. Median survival from initiation of treatment for all patients was 11 months. Forty‐one percent of patients experienced no significant toxicity and were able to continue therapy without treatment interruption. Toxicities necessitating treatment interruption included stomatitis in 35 patients (39%), hand‐foot syndrome in 33 patients (36%), and diarrhea in 10 patients (11%). No significant myelosuppression or serious catheterrelated complications were encountered. We conclude that continuous systemic venous infusion of 5FU produces a higher response rate than traditional bolus 5FU schedules, with apparent enhancement of survival and easily managed toxicity.
Adjuvant chemoimmuno‐ and immunotherapy in Dukes' stage B2 and C colorectal carcinoma: A 7‐year follow‐up analysis
Authors: Abdi Ehtesham A. , Hanson John , Harbora Denise E. , Young Donald C. , McPherson T. Alexander 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA prospectively randomised controlled clinical trial of adjuvant therapy was undertaken, at a single‐centre, population‐based cancer institute, in patients with Dukes' stages B2 and C colorectal carcinoma after curative surgery. Between 1976 and 1983, 253 patients were randomised to either control (no further therapy after surgery), immunotherapy (oral bacille Calmette‐Guérin [BCG] 120 mg once a month) for 5 years or chemoimmunotherapy (oral BCG as above with methyl‐cyclohexyl‐chloroethyl nitrosourea [meCCNU] 130 mg/m2 on day 1 and 5‐fluorouracil [5‐FU] 325 mg/m2/day on days 1–5 and 375 mg/m2/day on days 36–40) repeated every 10 weeks for 8 cycles. The median follow‐up of patients is now 6.95 years. Of the control, immunotherapy, and chemoimmunotherapy groups 22.35%, 39.28%, and 28.57%, respectively, have relapsed. The log‐rank analysis of results shows no disease‐free or overall survival advantage for patients receiving adjuvant therapy compared with the control group. Patients receiving adjuvant immunotherapy for stage B2 appear to have a significantly inferior disease‐free survival compared with other groups, but their overall survival is similar. There are no significant differences in disease‐free or overall survival in the three groups of patients with stage C tumour. Of 82 patients dying, 78.05% died of progressive colorectal carcinoma, 13 patients developed a second malignancy; the remainder died of seemingly unrelated causes.
Incidence and anatomic distribution of cutaneous melanoma among United States hispanics
Authors: Bergfelt Louise , Newell Guy R. , Sider Joanne G. , Kripke Margaret L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractUsing the data base for melanoma incidence compiled by the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program of the National Cancer Institute, we compared the incidence and anatomic distribution of primary cutaneous melanomas in Hispanic and non‐Hispanic Caucasian populations and in blacks between 1973 and 1981. Cases were divided into United States whites, New Mexico (NM) whites (non‐Hispanic Caucasians), NM Hispanics, Puerto Rico (PR) residents by definition Hispanic, and US blacks. Among whites, the highest incidence was 8.0 per 100,000 and was ten times that of US blacks. The incidence among PR and NM Hispanic residents was 1.6 to 3.7 times that of US blacks. The anatomic distribution among NM Hispanics was similar to US and NM whites for both genders. In contrast, among PR residents the anatomic distribution in both genders was most common for the leg, similar to that for blacks. Spaniards who migrated to PR have more admixture with blacks from Africa than Spaniards who migrated to the mainland. This suggests a genetic predilection for the occurrence of melanoma on the lower extremity among PR residents as opposed to NM Hispanics.
Penis cancer: A review by the joint radiotherapy committee of the European organisation for research and treatment of cancer (EORTC) genitourinary and radiotherapy groups
Authors: Jones W. G. , Fosså S. D. , Hamers H. , Van Den Bogaert W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA review of the literature on penis cancer has been undertaken. The disease is rare and most of the cumulative experience is reported in retrospective series. Multi‐institutional international collaboration will be needed to study prospectively facets of this disease where controversy presently exists. Suggested areas of research are in the treatment of early invasive tumours, the diagnosis and treatment of inguinal metastases, the improvement of radiotherapy techniques, and the development of effective chemotherapy and effective combinations of therapies. This will potentially lead to a greater degree of organ sparing. Studies of palliation, and aspects of quality of life, are also needed. Public education about the condition and genital hygiene, including the necessity for the early treatment of phimosis, may further reduce the incidence of penis cancer.
Prostate cancer in blacks: An update from the American college of surgeons' patterns of care studies
Authors: Natarajan Nachimuthu , Murphy Gerald P. , Mettlin Curtis 
Published: February 2007

AbstractData from the American College of Surgeons' prostate cancer surveys covering nearly a decade of experience demonstrate that the problem of prostate cancer is unique among black men in the United States. These data show that the distribution of stage at diagnosis changed across the 10‐year interval. The data indicate that there have been improvements in the 5‐year survival rates of both black and white patients, but the prostate cancer‐specific survival of black patients remains significantly poorer than that of whites.
Predictability of in vivo chemosensitivity by in vitro MTT assay with reference to the clonogenic assay
Authors: Shimoyama Yutaka , Kubota Tetsuro , Watanabe Masahiko , Ishibiki Kyuya , Abe Osahiko 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe MTT assay reported by Mosmann is a rapid and convenient colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival in vitro. In this paper, the MTT assay was modified as a chemosensitivity test, and its potential was investigated. Using 10 human tumor xenografts in athymic nude mice, the predictability of in vitro antitumor effects of drugs using the MTT assay was compared with that using the clonogenic assay. The MTT assay showed excellent reproducibility, and the predictable rate in this assay was 86.7%, with 100% true‐positive and 77.8% true‐negative rates, almost equivalent to the 90.0% predictable rate of the clonogenic assay. This method also has several advantages with respect to rapidity, quantitation, management of many samples, and cell number required for the assay. Application of this assay to chemosensitivity testing seems to be valuable and useful.
Breast cancer risk: A review of definitions and assessments of risk
Authors: Spratt John S. , Greenberg Richard A. , Kuhns James G. , Amin Elizabeth A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe histopathological and biochemical characteristics of cells and multicellular structure of benign and malignant breast changes have highly significant implications as to the risk of acquiring and dying of breast cancer. Consequently, every breast biopsy merits highly specific histopathological characterization as well as assay for hormone receptors. Certain aspects of a woman's personal and family history may be associated with increased or decreased risk. Clinical application of these variables to the prediction of future outcome requires an understanding of the definitions of risk. These definitions must then be applied appropriately when assessing risk. The definition of risk used must be explicitly stated and consistently used.Provided is a review of the definitions of risk and the risk of acquiring breast cancer according to age, family history, and histopathological characteristics of benign breast biopsies. The highly variable relative risk of dying from breast cancer when diagnosed is also reviewed.
Evaluation of a short‐stay program for patients undergoing mastectomy
Authors: Wagman Lawrence D. , Terz Jose J. , Hill L. Robert , Beatty J. David , Kokal William A. , Riihimaki Daniel U. , Hyams David M. , Grant Marcia , Hart Angela , Kirshner Terri , Northrup Marge 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwo hundred twenty‐eight patients were included in a retrospective study to evaluate the morbidity and feasibility of early discharge after mastectomy. Group I (early discharge, n = 75) patients were given pre‐ and postoperative instruction related to wound and drain care. Group II (concurrent control, n = 44) was given similar postoperative instruction, but received no preoperative teaching. Group III (historical controls, n = 109) underwent surgery during a period of more liberal hospitalization and discharge policies. The groups were similar in age, cultural background, operations performed, and pathologic diagnosis. Length of stay for groups I, II, and III was 5.5 ± 0.4, 3.5 ± 0.2, and 8.6 ± 0.3 days, respectively. Groups I and II had a significantly shorter stay than group III. There was no difference among the groups for the presence of wound erythema, rate of primary healing, seroma formation, or wound infection. The practice of same‐day admission and early discharge to limit length of stay for patients undergoing mastectomy is safe and effective.
Alternating methotrexate and dactinomycin in nonmetastatic gestational trophoblastic disease
Authors: Rose Peter G. , Steven Piver M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAlternating 5‐day chemotherapy with methotrexate and dactinomycin as primary therapy for nonmetastatic gestational trophoblastic disease was studied in nine patients. The complete response rate was 100% with follow‐up of a median of 80 months. Stomatitis was universal but rarely prevented oral alimentation or delayed therapy. Overall, 94% of toxicity was mild or moderate in severity and all toxicity was reversible. This alternating non‐cross resistant regimen, reported in a total of 40 patients in the literature, is the only regimen to result in a 100% response rate. This response rate is statistically improved when compared to historical controls receiving methotrexate/folinic acid or pulse dactinomycin. No patients required hysterectomy for disease control. Cooperative prospective phase III studies are needed to determine the efficacy and toxicity of current regimens.
Clinical value of in vitro drug sensitivity testing based on short‐term effects on dna and rna metabolism in ovarian cancer
Authors: Khoo S. K. , Hurst T. , Webb M. J. , Dickie G. , Kearsley J. , Parsons P. G. , Mackay E. V. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe hypothesis that in vitro chemosensitivity testing could predict clinical outcome was tested in women with ovarian cancer. Short‐term drug effects on DNA and RNA metabolism (by inhibition of 3H‐thymidine and 3H‐uridine incorporation) were measured in primary cultures of tumor cells. In vitro inhibitory effects were found with the four drugs tested: cisplatin, adriamycin, melphalan, and methotrexate. From data based on impaired RNA and/or DNA metabolism (≥ 20% inhibition), correct prediction of “sensitivity” was 79% and that of “resistance” was 84%. An analysis of the predictive value of both assays, used singly or together, revealed a high specificity but moderate sensitivity; the best positive predictive value (94%) was obtained when both RNA and DNA metabolisms were impaired. Our results support the idea that two subsets of patients who are being considered for cytotoxic chemotherapy can be selected: those who may benefit from treatment and those who may not, regardless of the drugs tested in vitro or used in vivo.
Cyclic and sequential therapy with tamoxifen and medroxyprogesterone acetate in metastatic breast cancer
Authors: Nemoto Takuma , Patel Jashbhai K. , Rosner Dutzu , Dao Thomas L. , Halvorson H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA clinical trial of sequential tamoxifen and medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) was carried out in 36 women with metastatic breast cancer in order to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of this regimen and to determine if tamoxifen would increase progesterone receptor (PR) levels and thereby increase response to MPA. Fourteen patients (39%) responded to this treatment, with the duration of remission ranging from 2 to 24 + months (the mean and median were 11 months). In 22 patients, PR levels were measured both before and after 7 days of tamoxifen administration. In PR‐ positive patients, PR changes induced by tamoxifen did not appear to increase the response rate. In PR‐negative patients, PR became positive in 3 patients following tamoxifen treatment, with 2 of 3 responding to treatment, whereas in 11 others whose PR levels remained negative, only one response was observed. Our results suggest that potentiation by tamoxifen was not observed, since in our previous study, MPA alone was equally effective. Thus, tamoxifen and MPA should be given independently for palliation of metastatic breast cancer, and MPA should be administered following therapy with tamoxifen.
Morbidity and mortality associated with intraoperative radiotherapy
Authors: Avizonis Vilija N. , Sause William T. , Noyes R. Dirk 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFrom May 1984 through July 1988, 67 patients have been treated with intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) at LDS Hospital. We conducted a detailed evaluation of the morbidity and mortality related to our intraoperative experience. Major complications were classified as those requiring reoperation or resulting in death. Minor complications included all others that could not be attributed to tumor growth or recurrence.Of twelve major complications, three resulted in death. Nonfatal complications included anastomotic leak (5), wound dehiscence (1), gastric outlet obstruction (1), and bowel obstruction (1). When compared with historical controls undergoing comparable surgery at this institution prior to the availability of IORT, complication rates were similar. We feel in our institution, intraoperative radiotherapy has not added to morbidity of aggressive abdominal surgery.
Conformational epitopes specific to carcinoembryonic antigen defined by monoclonal antibodies raised against colon cancer xenografts
Authors: Sakurai Yoichi , Hirohashi Setsuo , Ohishi Takashi , Shimosato Yukio , Kodaira Susumu , Abe Osahiko 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFour monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) reactive with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were obtained by hybridizing mouse myeloma cells (P3‐X63‐Ag8‐U1) with spleen cells from nude mice (BALB/c, nu/nu) that had rejected transplanted human colonic adenocarcinomas Co‐3 and Co‐4 following intraperitoneal injection of spleen cells from immunocompetent mice (BALB/c). By solid‐phase RIA with purified CEA and its related antigens, NCC‐CO‐413 (IgG2a, kappa) was shown to react with NCA and BGP‐I as well as with CEA, whereas the reactivities of three other MoAbs, NCC‐CO‐308 (IgG1, kappa), ‐432 (IgG1 lambda), and ‐411 (IgG1, kappa) were limited to CEA. Immunohistochemical reactivities of these MoAbs to colonic carcinomas, granulocytes, and liver bile canaliculi on acetone‐fixed paraffin‐embedded sections (“AMeX” sections) confirmed the specificities of these MoAbs shown by the solid‐phase RIA. By competition solid‐phase RIA, the epitopes recognized by NCC‐CO‐308 and ‐432 were shown to be shared or located close to each other, whereas the other MoAbs were shown to recognize different epitopes. Thus, two epitopes specific to CEA and one shared by NCA and BGP‐I as well as CEA were identified. Furthermore, reactivities of MoAbs with the two CEA‐specific epitopes were easily abolished by heat denaturation or reduction of CEA, as revealed by solid‐phase RIA and SDS‐PAGE‐im‐munoblotting, indicating that these two CEA‐specific epitopes are based on the conformational structure of the CEA molecule.
Changes of peripheral t‐cell subsets in asplenic w256 tumor‐bearing rats
Authors: Ge Yigong , Gao Han , Kong Xiantao 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn exploring the mechanism of the effect of splenectomy on tumor growth, splenectomized rats and other control rats were implanted subcutaneously with Walker 256 carcinosarcoma cells (5 × 105) on day 10 after splenic operation; meanwhile, peripheral T‐lymphocyte subsets were analysed successively. It was found that splenectomy enhanced the rate of tumor appearance and mean tumor diameter and disturbed the equation of T‐lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood, i.e., a subnormal level of Th/Ts ratio. Interestingly, a significant correlation was noted between decreasing values of Th/Ts ratio and increasing average diameters of implanted tumor in splenectomized rats, but not in sham‐splenectomized or nonoperated rats with tumor growth. In spleen cells from tumor‐bearing rats, a distinct increase of B‐lymphocytes and a decrease of T cells were demonstrated. Data from this investigation provide striking evidence that a relationship exists between enhancement of tumor growth and disproportion of T‐lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood and offer some reasonable explanation for the causes of the promotive role of tumor growth following splenectomy.
Recurrent malignant salivary gland neoplasms
Authors: Rodriguez‐Bigas M. A. , Sako K. , Razack M. S. , Shedd D. P. , Bakamjian V. Y. , Castillo N. B. , Rao U. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRecurrent salivary gland malignancies present difficult therapeutic decisions and poor prognosis in many instances, and treatment becomes of a palliative nature only. As many of the salivary gland malignancies we see are of the recurrent type, the following study was done to determine the efficacy of a vigorous attempt at retreatment. During the period January 1, 1960, through December 31, 1984, 352 patients with major and minor salivary gland tumors were evaluated at our institution. There were 149 benign lesions and 203 patients with malignant tumors. Of these, 99 patients had recurrent and metastatic tumors that had been treated initially elsewhere. Thirty‐three of these patients were able to be treated with curative intent: surgery, 21; surgery plus radiation, 9; radiation therapy alone, 2; and radiation plus chemotherapy, 1. The 5 year survival with no evidence of disease was achieved in three patients with surgery alone and two patients with surgery plus radiation therapy. The group of five patients was comprised of two patients with adenoid cystic carcinomas of the parotid, one with intermediate grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the parotid, one, sebaceous cell carcinoma of the parotid, and one, adenoid cystic carcinoma of an accessory salivary gland. The results of this study serve to re‐emphasize the relative poor yield of attempts at retreatment of loco‐regional recurrence of salivary gland tumors.
Analysis of prognostic factors in 568 patients treated for breast cancer by surgery
Authors: Muller Anna G. S. , van Zyl Jacobus A. , Joubert Gina 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe Tygerberg Breast Clinic serves a heterogeneous population, and it is therefore possible to analyse prognostic factors influencing survival and to identify any possible differences between these groups. From 1978 to 1985, 568 breast cancer patients (52% white and 48% colored) were treated surgically in Tygerberg Hospital. Stage for stage, all patients received identical treatment. Colored patients were seen at a younger age, with more advanced disease, had lower estrogen receptor values, and more nodes involved. Cox's regression analysis of age, receptor value, stage, nodal involvement, race, menopausal status, treatment, and study period in the evaluation of disease‐free survival and overall survival confirmed stage and lymph node status as prognostic factors. Estrogen receptor status, menopausal status, age at presentation, treatment, study period, and race did not enter the regression, except in stage I, where race was a variable. A target group for directing educational intervention is identified.
Catecholamine excess: Probable cause of postoperative tachycardia following retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) for testicular carcinoma
Authors: Bahnson Robert R. , Andriole Gerald L. , Clayman Ralph V. , Catalona William J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractReview of the postoperative course of seven patients who underwent retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) for staging of testicular carcinoma revealed an unexplained tachycardia that was persistent for several days. Postoperative catecholamine determinations from three subsequent patients subjected to RPLND revealed dramatic increases in epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine, and total catecholamines. Since cardiac acceleration is mediated almost exclusively by sympathetic stimulation, this finding may explain the postoperative tachycardia observed in these patients.