bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel porous network with interpenetrating topology
Authors: Wu Jian 
Published: August 2008

AbstractA new CoII coordination polymer with complicated topology, namely [Co(bpp)2Cl2]n (1) (bpp=1,3‐bis(4‐pyridyl)propane), has been designed and synthesized based on flexible ligand under basic condition. The complex was characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray analysis and infrared spectroscopy. The CoII ions are linked into a 3D structure via bpp molecules. Four independent frameworks are related by translation along the c tetragonal axis in the usual interpenetration topology for diamondoid frames. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Utility of CD26 in flow cytometric immunophenotyping of T‐cell lymphomas in tissue and body fluid specimens
Authors: Pierson Diane M. , Jones Dan , Muzzafar Tariq , Kersh Marian J. , Challagundla Pramoda , Medeiros L. Jeffrey , Jorgensen Jeffrey L. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractBackgroundCD26 is expressed by most CD4+ T cells in normal peripheral blood specimens. Neoplastic T cells are frequently CD26− in mycosis fungoides/Sezary syndrome involving the peripheral blood. However, CD26 expression by reactive and neoplastic T cells in solid tissues and body fluids has not been fully characterized by flow cytometry (FC).MethodsSolid tissue and body fluid specimens were assayed for CD26 expression using four‐color FC immunophenotyping, by qualitative assessment of population clusters, and by quantitation with comparison with isotype controls. Benign T cells were studied in reactive tissues and in the background of other malignancies.ResultsMany T‐cell lymphomas were dim or negative for CD26, whereas a few were brightly positive. In the majority of T‐cell lymphomas, CD26 expression could potentially help identify aberrant population clusters. T cells in reactive tissue specimens and tumor‐infiltrating T cells were commonly dim to negative for CD26.ConclusionsBoth T‐cell lymphomas and reactive T cells in tissue and body fluid specimens often show low levels of CD26 expression. Therefore, quantitative methods may not reliably distinguish benign from neoplastic T cells in these specimens. However, CD26, in combination with other T‐cell markers, can be helpful for identifying aberrant population clusters in T‐cell lymphomas. © 2008 Clinical Cytometry Society
Simultaneous flow cytometric detection of basophil activation marker CD63 and intracellular phosphorylated p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase in birch pollen allergy
Authors: Aerts Nicolaas E. , Dombrecht Evelyne J. , Bridts Chris H. , Hagendorens Margo M. , de Clerck Luc S. , Stevens Wim J. , Ebo Didier G. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractBackground:Phosphorylation of p38 MAPK is a crucial step in IgE‐receptor signaling in basophils. The relation of p38 MAPK to the well‐validated diagnostic cell surface marker CD63 has not been evaluated in a clinical allergy model.Methods:Expression of CD63 and phosphorylation of p38 MAPK were analyzed flow cytometrically in anti‐IgE‐gated basophils from 18 birch pollen allergic patients, five grass pollen allergic patients, and five healthy individuals, after 3 and 20 min of stimulation with recombinant major birch pollen allergen (rBet v 1). Additional time points and the influence of p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 were studied in birch pollen allergic patients.Results:Phospho‐p38 MAPK and CD63 were expressed dose‐dependently in birch pollen allergic patient basophils within 1 minute of rBet v 1 stimulation. P38 MAPK phosphorylation was fastest and subsided gradually while CD63 expression remained elevated for at least 20 min. Inhibition of p38 MAPK significantly inhibited CD63 upregulation. With optimal stimulation of the cells (1 μg/mL), sensitivity and specificity for the discrimination between patients and a group of control individuals (grass pollen allergic patients and healthy controls) were 94% and 100% for CD63 at 3 and 20 min and for phospho‐p38 MAPK at 3 min.Conclusion:Antigen‐induced p38 MAPK phosphorylation in human basophils essentially contributes to CD63 upregulation. It is a sensitive and specific intracellular marker for allergy diagnosis and offers new insight into the mechanisms of basophil activation. © 2008 Clinical Cytometry Society
Flow cytometric detection of erythrocyte osmotic fragility
Authors: Won Dong Il , Suh Jang Soo 
Published: August 2008

AbstractBackgroundHereditary spherocytosis (HS) is the most common cause of inherited chronic hemolysis. The various tests developed for HS screening have many shortcomings. The purpose of this study was to develop a new, simple, reliable test using flow cytometry.MethodsIn this new test, deionized water, a hemolysis‐inducing agent, is spiked to a red cell suspension during acquisition, and the count of red cells is measured sequentially in real‐time using flow cytometry. In this study, the optimal parameters for this test were established, and the discriminatory power of the adopted protocol was verified among several groups with various degrees of osmotic fragility (OF).ResultsThe established protocol successfully discriminated between blood analyzed immediately and blood stored for 24 h (P< 0.00001). With healthy individuals as a reference, the OF measured by this protocol was significantly decreased in patients with iron deficiency anemia (P= 0.030) and was significantly increased in HS patients (P= 1.1 × 10−9). This new test found all 11 HS patients to have increased OF.ConclusionsThis new test was verified to be simple, quantitative, objective, and cost‐effective for the measurement of OF. We suggest this test as another effective approach for HS screening, although its assay performance will require further verification through more clinical trials. © 2008 Clinical Cytometry Society
Flow cytometric assessment of monocyte activation markers and circulating endothelial cells in patients with localized or metastatic breast cancer
Authors: Goodale David , Phay Carolina , Brown Wendy , Gray‐Statchuk Leslie , Furlong Patricia , Lock Michael , Chin‐Yee Ian , Keeney Michael , Allan Alison L. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractBackgroundMonocyte activation in cancer patients may be reflective of anticancer activity. However, studies indicate that recruitment of macrophages can actually promote tumor growth and angiogenesis. Assessment of other microenvironmental cells such as circulating endothelial cells (CECs) may provide additional information regarding disease progression. The objective of this study was to assess monocyte activation and CECs in breast cancer patients and determine the potential clinical relevance during disease progression.MethodsPatients (n = 41) with localized or metastatic breast cancer who were not currently receiving treatment were eligible for study inclusion. Peripheral blood was collected and analyzed by flow cytometry for monocyte activation (Leuko64™ assay kit), and for CECs (CD146+CD45− phenotype).ResultsMetastatic breast cancer patients demonstrated a higher monocyte CD64 index relative to normal donors and localized breast cancer patients (P < 0.05). Furthermore, breast cancer patients had a lower monocyte CD163 index relative to normal donors (P = 0.008). Localized breast cancer patients demonstrated higher levels of CD146+CD45− cells CECs relative to metastatic breast cancer patients and normal donors. Within the localized breast cancer population, levels of CD146+CD45− cells increased with disease stage (P < 0.05).ConclusionsThese results suggest that monocyte activation and CECs may play a role in breast cancer progression. We speculate that monocyte activation may reflect a reaction to metastatic cells and/or response to tissue damage caused by metastatic growth in distant organs. Furthermore, the observation that CECs increase with disease stage in localized breast cancer suggests that CECs could be a useful surrogate marker for disease progression in this patient population. © 2008 Clinical Cytometry Society
Kinetics of H2AX phosphorylation after exposure to cisplatin
Authors: Olive Peggy L. , Banáth Judit P. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractBackgroundCisplatin is a widely used cancer chemotherapeutic drug that causes DNA crosslinking and stimulates H2AX phosphorylation. Our goal was to assess the potential of γH2AX to help predict tumor response to cisplatin treatment.MethodsThe kinetics of cisplatin‐induced DNA interstrand crosslinks was measured using the alkaline comet assay and compared with γH2AX formation and clonogenic cell survival in several DNA repair proficient or deficient human and rodent cell lines.ResultsThe comet assay was effective in ranking cell lines according to their relative sensitivity to cisplatin based on reduced crosslink formation measured 6 h after drug exposure or by the failure of irs3 and UV41 cell lines to subsequently remove crosslinks. In comparison, the initial rate of phosphorylation of H2AX measured over the first 6 h after cisplatin treatment was unrelated to drug sensitivity or crosslinking proficiency. However, for proliferating cell cultures, the fraction of cells that retained γH2AX foci 24 h after cisplatin treatment was correlated with the fraction of cells that lost clonogenic potential (slope = 1.1, r2 = 0.85).ConclusionsH2AX phosphorylation occurs in response to replication fork damage caused by cisplatin induced DNA lesions, probably interstrand crosslinks. Although early kinetics of γH2AX formation was uninformative, retention of γH2AX foci 24 h after treatment was shown to be a useful indicator of cell response to killing by cisplatin. However, for γH2AX to serve as an indicator of cell viability after cisplatin treatment, cells must have the opportunity to transit S phase during the recovery period. © 2008 Clinical Cytometry Society
Dynamische Versuche an zweigeschossigen Mauerwerkprüfkörpern auf dem Rütteltisch der Nationalen Technischen Universität Athen
Authors: González Antonio Caballero , Meyer Udo 
Published: August 2008

AbstractIm Rahmen des Arbeitspakets 7 “Statische und dynamische Schubversuche an Bauteilen” des EU‐Projekts ESECMASE wurde ab Mitte 2006 am Labor für Erdbebeningenieurwesen der Nationalen Technischen Universität (NTU) Athen eine Reihe von Bauteilversuchen auf dem dortigen Rütteltisch durchgeführt. Für diese Bauteilversuche wurden zweigeschossige Prüfkörper verwendet, die einen auf die Maße des Rütteltischs angepassten Ausschnitt eines Reihenhauses darstellten.Die Untersuchungen wurden an je drei Prüfkörpern aus Kalksandsteinmauerwerk und Ziegelmauerwerk sowie einem Prüfkörper aus Betonsteinmauerwerk durchgeführt. Alle unbewehrten Prüfkörper blieben bei dem Bemessungsbeben für die höchste deutsche Erdbebenzone 3 rissfrei. Die Versuche wurden erst bei sehr viel höhreren Bodenbeschleunigungen abgebrochen. Aus den Versuchen wurden Verhaltensfaktoren für die Strukturen abgeleitet, die am oberen Rand des Wertebereichs der EN 1998‐1 liegen.
EnEV aus Sicht der Bundesarchitektenkammer
Authors: Schlesinger Barbara Chr. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractDie jüngste Änderung der Energieeinspar‐Verordnung (EnEV) ist erst am 1. Oktober 2007 in Kraft getreten. Doch die Entwicklung ist dynamisch: Schon plant die Bundesregierung die nächste Novelle – die EnEV 2009. Die Bundesarchitektenkammer (BAK) hat dazu eine Stellungnahme erarbeitet, aus der hier einige wesentliche Punkte dargestellt sind.
Novellierung der Energie‐Einsparverordnung – Fallstudie zu den Konsequenzen für den Wohnungsbau
Authors: Seim Werner 
Published: August 2008

AbstractDie im Rahmen des “Integrierten Energie‐ und Klimaprogramms” der Bundesregierung formulierten Ziele zur Verringerung der Treibhausgasemissionen erfordern eine erhebliche Verbesserung des energetischen Standards von Gebäuden. In einer von der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Mauerwerksbau (DGfM) beauftragten Fallstudie wurden für zehn nach der EnEV 2007 realisierte Objekte die zusätzlichen Herstellungskosten ermittelt und bewertet, mit denen zu rechnen ist, wenn der zulässige Primärenergieverbrauch in zwei Schritten um jeweils 30% gegenüber der vorhergehenden Stufe abgesenkt wird.
Konsequenzen der geplanten EnEV 2009 für die Mauerwerkindustrie
Authors: Jachmich Wolfgang 
Published: August 2008

AbstractEnde des nächsten Jahrzehnts soll Deutschland 40% weniger Treibhausgase ausstoßen als im Vergleich zu 1990. Um dieses Ziel zu erreichen, einigte sich das Kabinett Ende August 2007 auf Schloss Meseberg bei Berlin auf ein 29‐Punkte‐Papier für ein integriertes Energie‐ und Klimaprogramm.Damit dieses Ziel schnellstmöglich umgesetzt wird, folgten die ersten 14 Gesetz‐ und Verordnungsentwürfe Anfang Dezember 2007. Bei den stetig steigenden Energiepreisen eine sinnvolle Maßnahme für den Verbraucher. Diese Maßnahme wird seitens der deutschen Wirtschaft getragen, denn seit Einführung der Energieeinsparverordnung hat Deutschland seine Emission um rd. 20% verringert und will im nächsten Jahrzehnt noch einmal so viel einsparen. Das bedeutet, dass rd. 254 Millionen Tonnen Treibhausgase eingespart werden und somit die gestiegenen Emissionen der meisten Mitgliedsstaaten kompensiert werden. Damit trägt Deutschland den Löwenanteil von 75% in der EU. Doch bei ungebremsten steigenden globalen Emissionen hat die Vorreiterrolle zu nichts geführt! Konkret haben nur Deutschland, Frankreich, England und Schweden ihre Emissionen gegenüber 1990 gesenkt. Innerhalb der EU stellt das eine einseitige Lastverteilung dar, die zu weiteren negativen Konsequenzen für Wirtschaft und Beschäftigung in Deutschland führen wird.
Steroid Withdrawal After Kidney Transplantation with Daclizumab Induction
Authors: Burhan Umber , Guilfoyle Gregg , Superdock Keith R. , Badosa Francisco 
Published: August 2008

AbstractOBJECTIVEThe goal of this study was to demonstrate the non‐inferiority of early steroid withdrawal after kidney transplantation.METHODSA retrospective analysis of 100 transplants was performed. All patients received tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil maintenance immunosuppression. The first 51 patients (group S) received antithymocyte globulin (deceased donor) or daclizumab (living donor) for induction and long‐term steroids. The next 49 (group NS) received daclizumab and steroids on days 0 and 1 only.RESULTSThere were no statistical differences between the S and NS groups in demographics, delayed graft function, acute cellular rejection (ACR), and 1‐year patient and graft survival (96% vs. 98% and 96% vs. 96%). The incidence of ACR in the NS group did not differ between African Americans (7%) and non‐African Americans (12%) or between living donors (10%) and deceased donors (11%). We concluded that rapid steroid withdrawal under daclizumab induction provides excellent results.DISCUSSIONThis study evaluated a representative US patient population receiving a contemporary immunosuppressive regimen and showed that withdrawal of steroids after 2 doses is a safe and effective strategy as measured by patient and graft survival and incidence of rejection. Longer follow‐up will be required to ensure that there are no long‐term consequences of steroid avoidance.
Recurrent Peritonitis in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients During Antibiotic Therapy: Is Catheter Removal Always Reasonable?
Authors: Fasianos E. , Angelini P. , Artesano L. , Payota G. , Berloco P. , Colagiacomo R. , Tucci R. , Sacchetti A. , Cataldi G. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractInternational Society of Peritoneal Dialysis (ISPD) guidelines suggest that in case of bacterial peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis patients, antibiotic therapy failure, and/or the absence of clinical improvement after 4‐7 days should induce catheter removal. We present an atypical case of recurrent bacterial peritonitis, 2 episodes, during a 35‐day treatment. The second episode occurred after therapy modifi cation. In addition to having constant abnormal laboratory (increased C‐reactive protein values, leukocyte cell count, serum ferritin, etc.) and clinical (fever) findings, patients' subjective well‐being and fulfi lled dialysis effi ciency remained unchanged during the treatment period; these data induced further therapy modifi cation without catheter removal. One month later laboratory parameters returned to normal, whereas echotomography control revealed the absence of the previously observed infl ammatory signs. In conclusion, our case provides evidence that patients' clinical conditions may be more predictive than laboratory findings of outcome following bacterial peritonitis.
Template Synthesis of Platinum Complexes with Benzoxazolin‐2‐ylidene Ligands
Authors: Hahn F. Ekkehardt , Klusmann Daniel , Pape Tania 
Published: August 2008

Abstract2‐(Trimethylsiloxy)phenyl isocyanide (1) reacted with cis‐[PtCl2(PPh3)2] (2), and subsequent hydrolysis of the O–SiMe3 bond yielded trans‐[Pt(benzoxazolin‐2‐ylidene)Cl(PPh3)2]Cl (3). Reaction of dinuclear complex [Pt(μ‐Cl)(dppe)]2(CF3SO3)2 (4) [dppe = 1,2‐bis(diphenylphosphanyl)ethane] with two equivalents of 1 did not yield the expected monocarbene complex but the dicarbene complex [Pt(benzoxazolinato‐2‐ylidene)(benzoxazolin‐2‐ylidene)(dppe)](CF3SO3) (5). A single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction study showed that complex 5 contains one deprotonated and one protonated heterocarbene ligand. The two carbene ligands are linked by aN–H···N hydrogen bond which forces them in a sterically unfavored coplanar arrangement.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Non‐Tethered Organometallic Phosphonate Inhibitors for Lipase Inhibition: Positioning of the Metal Center in the Active Site of Cutinase
Authors: Kruithof Cornelis A. , Dijkstra Harmen P. , Lutz Martin , Spek Anthony L. , Egmond Maarten R. , Klein Gebbink Robertus J. M. , van Koten Gerard 
Published: August 2008

AbstractOrganometallic NCN‐pincer complexes, bearing either a p‐nitrophenyl phosphonate ester or a phosphonic acid group directly attached to the aromatic ring of the pincer complex, were synthesized. These compounds were tested as covalent inhibitors for the lipase cutinase. In a stoichiometric reaction of the NCN‐pincer platinum phosphonate p‐nitrophenyl ester 2 with cutinase, a 94 % conversion to the protein–pincer metal complex hybrid was obtained in 48 h. The NCN‐pincer metal phosphonic acid derivatives (3, 4) appeared to be inactive as cutinase inhibitors. In contrast to our previous work which entails propyl tethered phosphonate esters connected to pincer metal complexes, the presented strategy allows positioning of metal complexes inside the active site of lipases. This opens up the possibility for fine‐tuning the chemical environment (second coordination sphere) around a synthetic metal center inside the pocket of an enzyme for diagnostic and catalytic purposes.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Evaluation of chlorogenic acid and its metabolites as potential antioxidants for fish oils
Authors: De Leonardis Antonella , Pizzella Luciano , Macciola Vincenzo 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThe antioxidant effects on cod liver oil (CLO) of chlorogenic acid (CGA) and its metabolites, caffeic acid (CA) and quinic acid (QA), were investigated. All three chemicals were separately added to CLO at a concentration range of 0.001–0.080 wt‐% and tested by Rancimat. CA was the best antioxidant; its antioxidant effect was directly proportional to the dose added, but only within the concentration range of 0.005–0.050 wt‐%. QA did not show any effect on CLO oxidation, while CGA revealed itself as a weak antioxidant. Cytotoxicity was also evaluated by using murine 3T6 fibroblasts treated for 24 h with CGA, CA and QA at a concentration range of 0.1–5.0 mM. QA did not have an influence on cell proliferation, while CGA and CA showed a significant anti‐proliferative activity already at a concentration of 0.1 mM. Finally, compounds similar to the standard 8‐iso prostaglandin F2α, called CLO‐“isoprostanes”‐like compounds, were isolated. At high temperature (100 and 110 °C) CLO‐“isoprostanes‐like” compounds did not show a relevant pro‐oxidant action on the refined olive oil to which they were added in variable amounts. On the contrary, the CLO‐“isoprostanes”‐like compounds significantly decreased the antioxidant effectiveness of CA. Indeed, at a CLO‐“isoprostanes‐like” compound dose of 300 µg, the antioxidant effectiveness of CA was halved.
First Example of Organocatalysis by Polystyrene‐Supported PAMAM Dendrimers: Highly Efficient and Reusable Catalyst for Knoevenagel Condensations
Authors: Krishnan G. Rajesh , Sreekumar Krishnapillai 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThis paper describes the first use of polystyrene‐supported poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers as heterogeneous basic organocatalysts for carbon–carbon bond formation. Polystyrene‐supported PAMAM dendrimers of first, second and third generations have been used as reusable base catalysts in Knoevenagel condensations of carbonyl compounds with active methylene compounds. The reactions proceed in short periods of time and with 100 % selectivity. This novel catalyst eliminates the use of aromatic and halogenated solvents, as well as complex purification processes. The catalysts can be recycled ten times.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Synthetic Strategies TowardN‐Functionalized Cyclens
Authors: Suchý Mojmír , Hudson Robert H. E. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractCyclen (1,4,7,10‐tetraazadodecane) is a widely used building block in the synthesis of many important molecules with applications spanning MRI contrast agents, fluorescent probes and heavy metals sensors. This review describes the various synthetic methodologies employed for the preparation ofN‐functionalized cyclens such as: synthesis from acyclic precursors; alkylation or acylation of cyclen; and protecting group manipulations. Emphasis is given to synthetic strategies allowing for the selective, differentialN‐functionalization of cyclen which is particularly useful for many modern applications.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Reaction of Carboxylic Acids with Isocyanides: A Mechanistic DFT Study
Authors: Marcelli Tommaso , Himo Fahmi 
Published: August 2008

AbstractWe present a computational investigation of the reaction between isocyanides and carboxylic acids. Our results indicate that this reaction begins with a stereoselective concerted α‐addition of the acid to the isocyanide, leading exclusively to a Z‐acyl imidate. Isomerization to the E isomer and successive rate‐limiting 1,3 O→N acyl migration yields an N‐formyl imide. The calculated barriers are in good agreement with the experimental reaction conditions. Our results might provide an explanation for the peculiar reactivity observed when this reaction is carried out in a self‐assembled capsule. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
A novel covalent coupling method for coating of capillaries with liposomes in capillary electrophoresis
Authors: Mei Jie , Xu Jian‐Rong , Xiao Yu‐Xiu , Liao Xiao‐Yan , Qiu Guo‐Fu , Feng Yu‐Qi 
Published: August 2008

AbstractA novel covalent coupling method for coating of capillaries with liposomes has been developed, which includes three steps: (i) epoxy‐diol coating, (ii) activation with 2,2,2‐trifluoroethanesulfonyl chloride, and (iii) liposome coupling. The coating conditions, such as the reaction time and temperature of liposome coupling, the content of dimyristoylphosphatidylethanolamine in liposomes, were optimized. Vesicles were visualized on the inner silica wall as confirmed by atomic force microscopy. The effectiveness of the coating was demonstrated by investigating the effect of pH of BGE on EOF and separating neutral compounds. The intra‐ and inter‐capillary variations in EOF are 4.02% RSD (n=30) and 6.72% RSD (n=4) respectively, and the coated capillaries can be used to perform analysis at least for one month without any performance deterioration when stored at 4°C. A set of drugs with diverse structures was applied into the developed liposome‐coated CE. The normalized capacity factor (K) was introduced to quantitatively evaluate drug–membrane interactions. The relationship between log K and the fraction dose absorbed in humans (Fa%) shows that the liposome‐coated CE can be utilized for in vitro prediction of Fa% of drugs that follow the transcellular passive transport route.