bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanism of action of vitamin C in sepsis: Ascorbate modulates redox signaling in endothelium
Authors: Wilson John X. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractCirculating levels of vitamin C (ascorbate) are low in patients with sepsis. Parenteral administration of ascorbate raises plasma and tissue concentrations of the vitamin and may decrease morbidity. In animal models of sepsis, intravenous ascorbate injection increases survival and protects several microvascular functions, namely, capillary blood flow, microvascular permeability barrier, and arteriolar responsiveness to vasoconstrictors and vasodilators. The effects of parenteral ascorbate on microvascular function are both rapid and persistent. Ascorbate quickly accumulates in microvascular endothelial cells, scavenges reactive oxygen species, and acts through tetrahydrobiopterin to stimulate nitric oxide production by endothelial nitric oxide synthase. A major reason for the long duration of the improvement in microvascular function is that cells retain high levels of ascorbate, which alter redox‐sensitive signaling pathways to diminish septic induction of NADPH oxidase and inducible nitric oxide synthase. These observations are consistent with the hypothesis that microvascular function in sepsis may be improved by parenteral administration of ascorbate as an adjuvant therapy. © 2009 International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
Evidence for the role of Th17 cell inhibition in the prevention of autoimmune diseases by anti‐interluekin‐6 receptor antibody
Authors: Mihara Masahiko , Ohsugi Yoshiyuki , Kishimoto Tadamitsu 
Published: February 2009

AbstractDeregulated production of interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) has been found in several chronic inflammatory autoimmune disorders, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and inflammatory bowel diseases. Treatment with tocilizumab, a humanized anti‐human IL‐6 receptor (IL‐6R) antibody, significantly improved disease activity and inhibited the progression of joint destruction in RA patients, but the reason why IL‐6 blockade causes improvement of RA is still unclear. In this review, we discuss the influence of anti‐IL‐6R antibody treatment on the differentiation of Th17 cells, which are thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases in animal models, present new results for the effect of anti‐IL‐6R antibody on the induction of Th17 cells in a mouse collagen‐induced arthritis model, and come to the conclusion that anti‐IL‐6R antibody inhibited the differentiation of Th17 cells in mouse models. It is thought that this inhibitory action may contribute to the therapeutic effects of anti‐IL‐6R antibody in human autoimmune diseases. © 2009 International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
The empirical valence bond as an effective strategy for computer‐aided enzyme design
Authors: Vardi‐Kilshtain Alexandra , Roca Maite , Warshel Arieh 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe ability of the empirical valence bond (EVB) to be used in screening active site residues in enzyme design is explored in a preliminary way. This validation is done by comparing the ability of this approach to evaluate the catalytic contributions of various residues in chorismate mutase. It is demonstrated that the EVB model can serve as an accurate tool in the final stages of computer‐aided enzyme design (CAED). The ability of the model to predict quantitatively the catalytic power of enzymes should augment the capacity of current approaches for enzyme design.
Modeling of hybrid wind‐gas power generation system and adaptive neuro‐fuzzy controller to improve the system performance
Authors: Oğuz Yüksel , Guney Irfan , Erdal Hasan 
Published: February 2009

AbstractIn this study, dynamic modeling of the hybrid wind‐gas power generation system (HWGPGS) is realized by using the MATLAB/Simulink program for purpose of meeting the electric energy needs of small settlement units far from city centers or energy distribution networks. Besides, Adaptive Neuro‐Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) is used to ensure electrical output magnitudes of the hybrid power generation system at a desired operating performance. The components that build up the hybrid power generation system and its functions in the system are explained. In case the HWGPGS is loaded with different consumer loads, analysis of electrical magnitudes of the system is made through simulation results. As it can be seen from the results of simulation study realized for the hybrid power generation system, output electrical magnitudes of the ANFIS controlled system reach to desired operating values in a short time. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 18: 669–683, 2010; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com; DOI 10.1002/cae.20271
A distance e‐learning platform for signal analysis and measurement using FFT
Authors: Chen C. H. , Lin H. C. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe fast Fourier transform (FFT) and the power spectrum are still powerful tools for analyzing and measuring both stationary and transient signals in power systems. However, the misapplications of FFT can lead to incorrect results caused by some problems such as aliasing effect, spectral leakage, and picket‐fence effect. Measurement errors can be efficiently reduced by understanding fundamentals of FFT as well as loading proper windows. This article develops a distance e‐learning environment using a graphical programming tool to help electrical students and engineers for enhancing their signal analysis capability via the Internet Explorer (IE). Critical issues pertaining to engineering education, such as programming design of signal analysis, Internet connection, expected learning outcomes, and course evaluation, are discussed in detail. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 19: 71–80, 2011
Polymeric ADAM Protein Mimics Interrogate Mammalian Sperm–Egg Binding
Authors: Lee Younjoo , Sampson Nicole S. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractROMPing with the ADAMs family: The sperm‐surface display of egg adhesion proteins was investigated using multivalent polymer sperm mimics. Ruthenium‐catalyzed ring opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) was used to synthesize heterovalent polymers.magnified imageThe sperm proteins ADAM2 and ADAM3, members of the ADAM family of proteins, have been implicated in mammalian sperm–egg binding. However, elucidating their roles is complex because of the interdependence of ADAM protein expression in the testis. Hence, multivalent probes containing the three‐amino acid binding sequence of ADAM2, glutamate‐cysteine‐aspartate (ECD), and ADAM3, glutamine‐cysteine‐aspartate (QCD), were designed, synthesized, and tested to investigate gamete interactions. In this work, ECD polymer mimics were synthesized by ring‐opening metathesis polymerization with a faster initiating ruthenium catalyst than previously used. Polymers containing 100 copies of the ECD peptide mimic were found to be the best inhibitors of fertilization. The multivalent QCD polymers were also tested as inhibitors of fertilization. The structure‐activity profile was the same as ECD polymers, but the overall potency was lower. Both ECD and QCD polymers require the presence of β1 integrin to inhibit fertilization. Next, triblock ABA and ABC copolymers containing both ECD and QCD ligands were synthesized with 96 monomer spacers as their B blocks. Although these polymers had lower densities of ECD and QCD peptides, their potencies correlated with the potencies of their corresponding homopolymers. In addition, no synergy between ECD and QCD mimics was observed. All the data suggest that QCD and ECD bind to the same complex of proteins that includes β1 integrin.
An Experimental and Theoretical Study of the Aluminium Species Present in Mixtures of AlCl3 with the Ionic Liquids [BMP]Tf2N and [EMIm]Tf2N
Authors: Eiden Philipp , Liu Qunxian , Zein El Abedin Sherif , Endres Frank , Krossing Ingo 
Published: February 2009

AbstractDissolution…︁? The bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide ([Tf2N]−)‐based title ionic liquids (ILs) dissolve AlCl3 only by reaction and form [AlCl4]− and Al(Tf2N)3 as well as small amounts of [AlCl2(Tf2N)2]− (see figure), which is probably the active species for the electrodeposition of aluminium from these IL/AlCl3 mixtures.magnified imageIt is known that nano‐ or microcrystalline aluminium may be electrodeposited from mixtures of AlCl3 and the ionic liquids 1‐butyl‐1‐methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide ([BMP]Tf2N) and 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide ([EMIm]Tf2N), and that two phases form with higher formal concentrations of AlCl3 (at 1.6 mol L−1 (xAl=0.33) and 2.5 mol L−1 (xAl=0.39), respectively). This account analyzes the hitherto unknown molecular nature of these mixtures by a detailed experimental (multinuclear NMR and Raman spectroscopies) and theoretical study (BP86/TZVP DFT calculations, including COSMO solvation energies). The addition of AlCl3 to the two liquids first leads to complexation with [Tf2N]− and then disproportionation of the initial [AlClx(Tf2N)y]− complexes give Al(Tf2N)3 and [AlCl4]−. At high concentrations of AlCl3, the lower phase consists almost completely of Al(Tf2N)3, whereas in the upper phase [AlCl4]− is the dominant species. Electrodeposition of aluminium in the upper phase occurs from mixed AlClx(Tf2N)y species, most likely from [AlCl2(Tf2N)2]− formed in small concentrations at the phase boundary between the [AlCl4]− and the Al(Tf2N)3 layers. All the findings are supported by DFT calculations as well as an X‐ray crystal structure determination of Al(Tf2N)3. The latter was separated from the mixture by sublimation on a preparative scale. It was independently prepared from AlEt3 and HNTf2 and fully characterized. Moreover, the ionic liquids [BMP]AlCl4 (m.p. 74 °C) and [EMIm]AlCl4 (m.p. −7 °C), which mainly form the upper layer in the biphasic regime, were independently prepared and also fully characterized.
Novel Molecular Building Blocks Based on the Boradiazaindacene Chromophore: Applications in Fluorescent Metallosupramolecular Coordination Polymers
Authors: Bozdemir Ö. Altan , Büyükcakir Onur , Akkaya Engin U. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractBright polymers: Fluorescent coordination polymers made up of versatile functionalized bodipy (boron‐dipyrrin) chromophore building blocks, such as that depicted, are described. Polymerization is signaled by changes in fluorescence emission intensity and shifts in peak emission wavelengths.magnified imageWe designed and synthesized novel boradiazaindacene (Bodipy) derivatives that are appropriately functionalized for metal‐ion‐mediated supramolecular polymerization. Thus, ligands for 2‐terpyridyl‐, 2,6‐terpyridyl‐, and bipyridyl‐functionalized Bodipy dyes were synthesized through Sonogashira couplings. These fluorescent building blocks are responsive to metal ions in a stoichiometry‐dependent manner. Octahedral coordinating metal ions such as ZnII result in polymerization at a stoichiometry corresponding to two terpyridyl ligands to one ZnII ion. However, at increased metal ion concentrations, the dynamic equilibria are re‐established in such a way that the monomeric metal complex dominates. The position of equilibria can easily be monitored by 1H NMR and fluorescence spectroscopies. As expected, although open‐shell FeII ions form similar complex structures, these cations quench the fluorescence emission of all four functionalized Bodipy ligands.
Olefin‐Dependent Discrimination between Two Nonheme HOFeVO Tautomeric Species in Catalytic H2O2 Epoxidations
Authors: Company Anna , Feng Yan , Güell Mireia , Ribas Xavi , Luis Josep M. , Que Lawrence , Costas Miquel 
Published: February 2009

AbstractWet oxygenase models: Unprecedented high levels of water incorporation into products (up to 75 %) is observed in epoxidation reactions with H2O2 by a bioinspired nonheme iron catalyst. A surprising substrate‐dependent incorporation of water is observed, and is proposed to arise from fast equilibrium between two high‐valent HOFeVO isomeric species exhibiting different reactivity.magnified image
Palladium‐Catalyzed Carbon–Carbon Bond Formation and Cleavage of Organo(hydro)fullerenes
Authors: Nambo Masakazu , Itami Kenichiro 
Published: February 2009

AbstractPalladium can tailor fullerenes: Palladium catalysts enable a number of CH bond transformations of organo(hydro)fullerene. In addition to anticipated coupling reactions (CH bond allylation and arylation), an unexpected new CH bond dimerization reaction and CC bond‐cleavage reaction were also uncovered.magnified image
ChemInform Abstract: Quantum Chemical Studies of High‐Valent Metal Nitrido Derivatives of Keggin‐Type Polyoxometalates ([PW11O39{MVIN}]4‐ (M: Ru, Os, Re)): MVI—N Bonding and Electronic Structures
Authors: Liu Chun‐Guang , Su Zhong‐Min , Guan Wei , Yan Li‐Kai 
Published: February 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: RbGa3S5 and CsGa3S5 — Two New Structure Types.
Authors: Schlosser Marc , Frettloeh Vanessa , Deiseroth Hans‐Joerg 
Published: February 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Structure of CrF5 and CrF5×SbF5.
Authors: Shorafa Hashem , Seppelt Konrad 
Published: February 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Physicochemical Characterization and Crystallographic Twinning of Li2ZnSnS4.
Authors: Lekse Jonathan W. , Leverett Beth M. , Lake Charles H. , Aitken Jennifer A. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Structures and Physical Properties of Rare‐Earth Zinc Antimonides Pr6Zn1+xSb14+y and RE6Zn1+xSb14 (RE: Sm, Gd—Ho).
Authors: Liu Yi , Chen Ling , Li Long‐Hua , Wu Li‐Ming 
Published: February 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Spin‐Glass‐Like Behavior in IrSr2LnCu2O8 (Ln: Sm and Eu).
Authors: Dos santos‐Garcia A. J. , Van Duijn J. , Alario‐Franco M. A. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Straightforward Route to the Adamantane Clusters [Sn4Q10]4‐ (Q: S, Se, Te) and Use in the Assembly of Open‐Framework Chalcogenides (Me4N)2M[Sn4Se10] (M: MnII, FeII, CoII, ZnII) Including the First Telluride Member (Me4N)2Mn[Ge4Te10].
Authors: Tsamourtzi Konstantina , Song Jung‐Hwan , Bakas Thomas , Freeman Arthur J. , Trikalitis Pantelis N. , Kanatzidis Mercouri G. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Coordination Modes for E4S3 Cage Molecules (E: P, As) in Unprecedented Quaternary As4S3(CuCl)n (n = 1,2) Solid‐State Phases.
Authors: Schwarz Patrick , Wachter Joachim , Zabel Manfred 
Published: February 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure and Magnetic Properties of RE2CuIn3 (RE: Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm and Gd).
Authors: Tyvanchuk Yuriy B. , Szytula Andrzej , Zarzycki Arkadiusz , Rodewald Ute Ch. , Kalychak Yaroslav M. , Poettgen Rainer 
Published: February 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Lewis Base Assisted Broensted Base Catalysis: Bidentate Phosphine Oxides as Activators and Modulators of Broensted Basic Lanthanum—Aryloxides.
Authors: Morimoto Hiroyuki , Yoshino Tatsuhiko , Yukawa Takafumi , Lu Gang , Matsunaga Shigeki , Shibasaki Masakatsu 
Published: February 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Allylic Substitution with Aryl and Ethyl Grignard Reagents.
Authors: Selim Khalid B. , Yamada Ken‐ichi , Tomioka Kiyoshi 
Published: February 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Yb Complexes with Amino‐Acid‐Armed Ligands for Direct Asymmetric Tandem Aldol Reduction Reactions.
Authors: Stodulski Maciej , Jazwinski Jaroslaw , Mlynarski Jacek 
Published: February 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Eco‐Friendly Polyethylene Glycol Promoted Michael Addition Reactions of α,β‐Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds.
Authors: Kumar Dalip , Patel Gautam , Mishra Braja G. , Varma Rajender S. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Vilsmeier—Haack Reaction of 1‐Cyclopropyl‐2‐arylethanones.
Authors: Tang Xiang‐Ying , Shi Min 
Published: February 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Light‐Fluorous TEMPO Reagents and Their Application in Oxidation Reactions.
Authors: Dobbs Adrian P. , Penny Mark J. , Jones Peter 
Published: February 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral Squaramide Derivatives Are Excellent Hydrogen Bond Donor Catalysts.
Authors: Malerich Jeremiah P. , Hagihara Koji , Rawal Viresh H. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Zwitterionic Phosphonium Sulfonates as Easily Phase‐Separable Ion‐Tagged Wittig Reagents.
Authors: Huo Congde , He Xun , Chan Tak Hang 
Published: February 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron(III) Trifluoroacetate: Chemoselective and Recyclable Lewis Acid Catalyst for Diacetylation of Aldehydes, Thioacetalization and Transthioacetalization of Carbonyl Compounds and Aerobic Coupling of Thiols.
Authors: Adibi Hadi , Samimi Heshmat Allah , Iranpoor Nasser 
Published: February 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Diarylmethyl Ethers and Pd Salts or Complexes: A Perfect Combination for the Protection and Deprotection of Alcohols.
Authors: Bikard Yann , Mezaache Roufia , Weibel Jean‐Marc , Benkouider Abdelhamid , Sirlin Claude , Pale Patrick 
Published: February 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Poly(ethylene glycol) Grafted onto Dowex Resin: An Efficient, Recyclable, and Mild Polymer‐Supported Phase Transfer Catalyst for the Regioselective Azidolysis of Epoxides in Water.
Authors: Kiasat Ali Reza , Badri Rashid , Zargar Behrouz , Sayyahi Soheil 
Published: February 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereospecific Epoxide‐Opening Reactions of 1,1‐Dibromo‐3,4‐epoxy‐1‐alkenes with Carbon Nucleophiles.
Authors: Yoshimura Fumihiko , Takahashi Masaki , Tanino Keiji , Miyashita Masaaki 
Published: February 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.