bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Short Bowel Syndrome—A case report in a dog and discussion of the pathophysiology of bowel resection
Authors: WILLIAMS DAVID A. , BURROWS COLIN F. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTAn 8‐year‐old dog was investigated because of severe diarrhoea and weight loss following massive intestinal resection 15 months earlier. Positive contrast radiographic studies demonstrated (1) a short bowel with an increased diameter, (2) the absence of an ileo‐colic sphincter, and (3) a rapid transit time. Para‐amino benzoic acid (PABA) and xylose absorption tests, and quantitative twenty‐four hour faecal fat analysis demonstrated mildly reduced PABA absorption, marked xylose malabsorption, and steatorrhoea.Complete control of diarrhoea was achieved by the administration of a low‐fat diet. An elemental diet supplement containing amino‐acids, simple sugars, minerals and vitamins, and medium chain triglyceride oil were subsequently used in an attempt to improve nutrition. Oral antibiotics were prescribed in an attempt to reduce the suspected overgrowth of bacteria in the small intestine. The long‐term effects of dietary supplements and antibiotics could not be assessed because the dog was destroyed after a sudden deterioration in condition, probably due to severe gastric ulceration observed at autopsy. The pathophysiologic changes associated with intestinal resection are discussed in relation to possible therapeutic measures.
The intra‐uterine position of canine foetuses and their sequence of expulsion at birth
Authors: WEYDEN G. C. VAN DER , TAVERNE M. A. M. , OKKENS A. C. , FONTIJNE P. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTIn 14 bitches, laparotomy was performed between the 45th day and 54th day of gestation. In total, 89 foetuses were marked individually by means of transuterine injections of a radiopaque substance. After expulsion, each pup was provided with a colour code. By radiographs one day after birth, all pups of a litter could be identified by the radiopaque markings. In this way the order and presentation at birth of each pup could be compared with the uterine position and presentation at laparotomy.When after expulsion of a pup, one or more were left in each uterine horn, the next pup was produced by the contralateral horn in 43 cases (78·2%) and by the ipsilateral horn in 12 cases (21·8%). One horn was never observed to be completely empty before the other horn started expelling pups. In six of eight bitches in which each two uterine horns did not contain an equal number of foetuses, the first pup was born from the horn containing most pups.The presentation at birth has been observed in 73 pups. For five of these (6·9%), the presentation differed from the one observed at laparotomy; in all five cases the original posterior presentation had changed into an anterior one.
Discospondylitis in the dog
Authors: BENNETT D. , CARMICHAEL S. , GRIFFITHS I. R. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTFive cases of bacterial discospondylitis in dogs are described. The clinical features included spinal pain, stiffness, lameness and in some cases a neurological deficit. Radiography proved the best aid to diagnosis and demonstrated bony destruction adjacent to an irregular disc space with sclerosis of the centra. Surgical curettage of the infected disc was carried out in conjunction with antibiotic therapy.
A study of the incidence and significance of Clostridium welchii in the wounds of dogs undergoing open reduction of fractures
Authors: STEAD A. C. , LAWSON G. H. K. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe occurrence of Clostridium welchii in the surgical wounds of 53 dogs with long‐bone fracture was studied before and during surgery. Twelve subsequent cases of wound infection are discussed, from nine of which Cl. welchii was isolated and one of which died from myonecrosis.
Prevalence of fleas on dogs and cats in an area of central London
Authors: BERESFORD‐JONES W. P. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTAn account is given of the prevalence of fleas obtained at post‐mortem examination from dogs and cats in the Camden Town area of central London during the period 1972–1976. From a total of 193 dogs, fleas were collected from 20 2%. The following species were represented: Ctenocephalides felis felis, Ctenocephalides canis and Orchopeas howardi. Of a total of 316 cats, 56% harboured fleas, all of which were found to be Ctenocephalides felis felis. The advantages of using cadavers rather than live cats and dogs for studies of this kind are noted and comparisons are made with the findings of other authors. The public health importance of the cat and dog flea in relation to human dermatitis is discussed.
Congenital vestibulo‐vaginal stenosis in the bitch
Authors: HOLT P. E. , SAYLE B. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe clinical findings in twenty‐two entire and spayed bitches, all showing signs of vulval pruritus, with vestibulo‐vaginal stenosis are described and discussed. The results of employing dilation, hymenectomy, vestibulo‐vaginoplasty and vaginectomy as methods of treatment are presented.
The effect of doxapram hydrochloride on cats anaesthetized with either Saffan or thiopentone sodium
Authors: CURTIS R. , EVANS J. M. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTDoxapram hydrochloride as a 2% aqueous solution (Dopram V, A. H. Robins) was administered intravenously to cats anaesthetized with either Saffan (Glaxo) or 2 5% thiopentone sodium. A dose of 7 5 mg per kg resulted in an immediate and marked increase in respiratory rate and depth, and the heart rate also increased significantly. The administration of doxapram to cats anaesthetized with Saffan resulted in an average initial increase in minute volume of 181%; although the effect diminished rapidly, the tidal volume remained elevated for many minutes compared with controls. Doxapram hydrochloride would appear to be of value in the treatment of respiratory depression during anesthesia with either Saffan or thiopentone.
Sinoatrial arrest associated with primary atrial myocarditis in a dog
Authors: ROBINSON W. F. , THOMPSON R. R. , CLARK W.T. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe clinical findings in a dog with sinoatrial arrest, atrioventricular block and multifocal idioventricular escape beats are described. The clinical findings were associated with a primary myocarditis involving the sinoatrial node, the left and right atrium and atrioventricular node. The differentiation between sinoatrial arrest, sinoatrial block and sinoventricular conduction is discussed.
A case of canine filariasis due to Dipetalonema reconditum (Grassi 1889) in Nigeria
Authors: BOBADE P. A. , OJEBUOBOH P. B. , AKINBOADE O. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe clinical findings and the result of periodicity studies in a 41/2‐ year‐old dog with high microfilaraemia due to the microfilariae of Dipetalonema reconditum are presented. The main clinical findings were a dermatosis and emaciation. The microfilaraemia tended to exhibit a nocturnal cyclic variation with the peak occurring between 04.00 hours (4.00 a.m.) and 05.00 hours (5.00 a.m.) and the lowest level between 12.00 hours (12.00 noon) and 14.00 hours (2.00 p.m.).
Diffuse cutaneous granulomatous lesions associated with acid‐fast bacilli in a cat
Authors: DONNELLY T. M. , JONES M. R. , WICKHAM NANCY 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTFeline cutaneous granulomas associated with acid‐fast bacilli are reviewed briefly. A case of diffuse cutaneous granulomatous lesions associated with acid‐fast bacilli and the presence of acid‐fast bacilli in the draining lymph nodes and liver is reported and described. The unusual clinical appearance of the skin lesions in this case and the varied clinical presentation of lesions associated with acid‐fast bacilli is discussed.
Long‐term survival following embolectomy in two cats with aortic embolism
Authors: ROBINS G. M. , WILKINSON G. T. , MENRATH V. H. , ATWELL R. B. , RIESZ G. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTTwo cats suffering from aortic embolism were subjected to embolectomy, preceded in one case by the administration of the 5‐hydroxytryptamine antagonist, cyproheptadine, and followed in both by the administration of heparin and acetylsalicylic acid. Both animals made a good functional recovery and are in good health 2 years after surgery. The rationale underlying the medical therapy is discussed.
Attempted oestrus induction in four bitches using pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin
Authors: ALLEN W. EDWARD 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTTwo juvenile (9 months) and two adult (3 years) beagle bitches were injected with five doses (250 i.u. per dose) of pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin (PMSG) on alternate days. Plasma oestrogen concentrations rose in all bitches. In one adult bitch plasma progesterone concentrations remained basal and no signs of oestrus were shown; in the other there was a slight elevation of circulating progesterone values and she showed oestrus but did not conceive. Both the young bitches came into heat and had multiple ovulations, producing very high plasma progesterone concentrations. One of them conceived, and at laparotomy on the thirty‐sixth day after the first mating seventeen conceptuses were seen; 14 days later ovarohysterectomy was performed and only five foetuses remained in the uterus.
A case of central diabetes insipidus in the cat: diagnosis and treatment
Authors: BURNIE A. G. , DUNN J. K. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA case of diabetes insipidus is described in a two‐year‐old entire male short‐haired domestic cat. The clinical signs included a marked polyuria associated with secondary polydipsia and a urine specific gravity of 1–005. Diagnosis was confirmed by water deprivation test and response to desmopressin. Treatment with chlorothiazide diuretics is also described.
Normal parameters in abdominal radiology of the dog and cat
Authors: LEE R. , LEOWIJUK C. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe size, position and ease of demonstration of the major abdominal viscera have been recorded in a series of two hundred consecutive radiographic examinations of the dog and cat. Only the values for viscera either known to be normal following surgery or autopsy, or presumed to be normal on the basis of clinical findings, are presented. All values are expressed as a ratio of the length of the second lumbar vertebral body. The factors affecting organ visibility and the variations in normal organ size are discussed.
Pregnancy termination in dogs with non‐hormonal compounds: evaluation of selected derivatives
Authors: GALLIANI G. , OMODEI‐SALÉA A. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTFour non‐hormonal, pregnancy‐terminating compounds have been studied in bitches.One of these, 2‐(4‐chlorophenyl)‐s‐triazole[5,1‐a]isoquinoline (DL 717‐IT or L 12717), has been found to be very efficacious after a single subcutaneous injection.This compound appears to be promising for use in veterinary practice.
Spermatogenic arrest associated with focal degenerative orchitis in related dogs
Authors: ALLEN W. EDWARD , LONGSTAFFE J. ADRIAN 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTFour dogs with a history of infertility were found on examination to be azoospermic. Three of the dogs were related (a sire and two male offspring) and investigation revealed that some of their male ancestors had been of reduced fertility. There were degenerative changes in 20–40 per cent of the seminiferous tubules, a proportion of which were associated with a focal peritubular orchitis. There was a complete absence of spermatozoa in the rete testis, the vasa efferentia and the epididymis. The possibility that the condition is of an autoimmune nature is discussed. The unrelated dog had a non‐inflammatory degeneration of tubules with complete absence of spermatogenesis.
The effect of age and season of the year on testicular function in the dog, as determined by histological examination of the seminiferous tubules and the estimation of peripheral plasma testosterone concentrations
Authors: TAHA M. B. , NOAKES D. E. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe diameter and area of the seminiferous tubules and the thickness of the germinal epithelium was measured in testes removed from clinically normal dogs of different breeds and mixed ages over a 24 month period which were presented for elective castration or euthanasia. Peripheral plasma testosterone concentrations were determined at the same time.There was no effect of the season of the year on the tubular diameter, thickness of germinal epithelium or tubular area. There was evidence of an effect of age upon tubular diameter and thickness of the germinal epithelium.Peripheral plasma testosterone concentrations were significantly higher in summer and autumn than in winter and spring, but age appeared to have no effect.
The radiological features of canine Cushing's syndrome: a review of forty‐eight cases
Authors: HUNTLEY KATRINA , FRAZER JANET , GIBBS CHRISTINE , GASKELL C. J. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe radiological signs which have been reported in association with canine Cushing's syndrome are reviewed. The incidence of these changes in 48 dogs affected with this condition is reported and the contribution of radiography to diagnosis, prognosis and management is discussed.
A sensory neuropathy affecting Long‐haired Dachshund dogs
Authors: DUNCAN I. D. , GRIFFITHS I. R. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA sensory neuropathy affecting three Long‐haired Dachshunds is described. The clinical signs were similar and include disturbances of proprioception, pain sensation and urinary function. Sensory nerve conduction was absent in one dog. Nerve biopsy showed a severe depletion of myelinated fibres in sensory nerves and widespread unmyelinated fibre pathology. Clinical and pathological evidence suggests that this axonal neuropathy, which is possibly of inherited origin, affects both myelinated and unmyelinated fibres in sensory and autonomic nerve trunks.
Idiopathic pericardial haemorrhage in dogs: a review of fourteen cases
Authors: GIBBS CHRISTINE , GASKELL C. J. , DARKE P. G. G. , WOTTON P. R. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe clinical and radiological findings in 14 cases of idiopathic pericardial haemorrhage are reported. Seven dogs recovered following treatment by pericardial drainage (six cases) or pericardectomy (one case). Four cases later relapsed of which two were again treated successfully. One dog apparently responded to conservative treatment but died of a relapse one month later. In the remaining six animals, which all died or were destroyed during either investigation or treatment, pericardial haemorrhage was confirmed at post‐mortem examination.
Pulmonary adenocarcinoma in three cats with nonrespiratory signs only
Authors: MOORE A. S. , MIDDLETON D. J. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThree cats with clinical abnormalities, none of which were related to the respiratory system were found on post‐mortem examination to have primary pulmonary adenocarcinoma. In two cases ante‐mortem diagnoses of metastatic adenocarcinoma were reached after biopsy of firm masses in the skeletal muscles.
Comparative evaluation of net digestive and absorptive efficiency in dogs and cats fed a variety of contrasting diet types
Authors: KENDALL PETER T. , HOLME DAVID W. , SMITH PHILIP M. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTComparative net digestive and absorptive efficiency was assessed with adult Beagles and domestic cats by apparent digestibility assays. Eight foods were used comprising two canned dog foods; canned cat foods; two samples of semipurified diet; and single samples of experimental dry cat food and fresh mince. Apparent digestibility percentages of crude protein, fat, nitrogen‐free extract (NFE) and gross energy were all significantly higher in dogs than cats. Mean values obtained for dogs were (per cent): crude protein 87; fat 92; NFE 70 and energy 89. Respective values for cats were 82, 76, 67 and 79. On average, dogs obtained 11 and 9 per cent more digestible energy and protein per unit food eaten than cats. Most digestibility characteristics of foods measured in cats were significantly correlated with those for dogs and regression equations are presented predicting digestibility in cats from dog data.
Water balance in the dog and cat
Authors: ANDERSON R. S. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTIn respect of its metabolic control of water balance, the cat probably differs as much from the dog as it does in most other respects. In qualitative terms the routes of gain and loss of water are very much the same: in quantitative terms and in its homeostatic response to different environmental stimuli or insults the cat and the dog are rather different.Dogs and cats are among the commonest species with which veterinarians have to deal. They share much the same environment and are treated in much the same way by their owners. They are almost interchangeable as pets. So far as the veterinary profession is concerned, there are a few outstanding differences such as their response to certain drugs, their reproductive behaviour and their range of aggressive and defensive weapons—but they are in other ways treated in a somewhat similar fashion.It is, however, only within recent years that some other outstanding differences have really become identified between the two species. These differences are in aspects of protein, fat and vitamin metabolism which have direct or indirect relevance to feeding cats and dogs. But they are also manifest in water metabolism, which is the subject of this paper.The first part of this paper will deal with some differences in the water metabolism of dogs and cats which are in the scientific literature but are not widely known outside the research field. The second part will describe some of the work which we have been doing on food/water interrelationships of the dog and cat.
Fatal myocardial infarct in a Greyhound
Authors: SWANWICK R. A. , WILLIAMS O. J. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTDeath is reported in a 3‐year‐old Greyhound due to an acute myocardial infarction, consequent upon thrombo‐embolic occlusion of the left descending coronary artery, subsequent to dislodgement of a vegetative lesion of the left lateral aortic valve, secondary to sub‐acute bacterial endocarditis. A comparison between some aspects of cardio‐vascular disease in man and dogs is made, and the term ‘heart attack’ as used in the human condition is investigated and its legitimate application to veterinary conditions discussed. The main difference between human and animal coronary disease is the widespread occurrence of atherosclerosis in humans and its absence in animals.
Caudal cervical spondylo‐myelopathy (wobbler syndrome) in the dog: a review of thirty cases
Authors: READ R. A. , ROBINS G. M. , CARLISLE CAROL H. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTCaudal cervical spondylo‐myelopathy was diagnosed in 30 cases admitted to the University of Queensland Veterinary Clinic (UQVC) over a four‐year period. The clinical signs at presentation and the radiographic changes detected varied considerably. A number of different surgical treatments were used and a small number of animals were treated conservatively. The results are presented, followed by some discussion concerning the aetiology and pathogenesis of this condition.
Megakaryocyte myelosis in cats: review and case report
Authors: SCHMIDT ROBERT E. , LETSCHER ROBERT M. , II JOHN D. TOFT 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTDisseminated megakaryocytic neoplasia was diagnosed in a 3‐year‐old cat. Hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, and abnormal platelets in the peripheral blood characterized the condition. Neoplastic megakaryocytes were present in numerous organs. No evidence of feline leukemia virus was found.
The effect of the frequency of ejaculation on seminal characteristics and libido in the Beagle dog
Authors: TAHA M. B. , NOAKES D. E. , ALLEN W. EDWARD 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTSemen samples were collected from mature Beagle dogs, using digital manipulation, at differing frequencies. Ejaculation once a day for five days did not affect libido or seminal characteristics. Ejaculation twice a day for five days reduced libido and sperm output. Ejaculation three times a day dramatically reduced libido and semen quality, and it was only possible to collect six or seven ejaculates. In a separate study semen quality was not altered after 6 weeks sexual rest.
Vegetative bacterial endocarditis in dogs; echocardiography diagnosis and clinical signs
Authors: LOMBARD C. W. , BUERGELT C. D. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTOver a two‐year period, three hundred and forty‐five consecutive canine patients of a Cardiology Specialty Clinic were screened for signs of bacterial endocarditis. Ten dogs were identified to have echocardio‐graphical signs suggestive of this disease. Their clinical and haematologic data are presented in tables, and the clinical diagnoses were confirmed by necropsies. The echocardiographic signs of bacterial endocarditis and the usefulness of this new technique are discussed.
Antimicrobial chemotherapy in the dog
Authors: ENGLISH P. B. , PRESCOTT C. W. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe concept is expounded that, in canine practice, antimicrobial therapy normally should be based on the pharmacology of the drug employed and the therapeutic responses that have been observed to it, as well as a knowledge of the in vitro sensitivities of causal agents. In so doing, information is presented on the concentrations of antimicrobials found to be inhibitory to micro‐organisms by in vitro tests and following clinical use. Guide‐lines to therapy are related to body systems and organs infected and to Gram‐stain reactions of isolates; also presented are dose rates, routes of administration and some general considerations employed when using the antimicrobial drugs for systemic therapy in the dog.
An inherited enchondrodystrophy in the English Pointer dog. A new disease
Authors: WHITBREAD T. J. , GILL J. J. B. , LEWIS D. G. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThis report describes the clinical, radiological, pathological and genetic features of an inherited dwarfism in the English Pointer. Gross enlargement of the distal ulnar, radial and tibial growth plates occurred in the first 6 weeks of life and radiographic skeletal abnormalities were present at other sites. The enlargement was due to increase in width of the zone of hypertrophic cartilage, but the columns of chondrocytes were well ordered. By 12 weeks of age an unusual type of degeneration was present beneath the surface of articular cartilage; this developed to widespread, patchy erosion of joint surfaces by 32 weeks. The genetics are compatible with a homozygous recessive mode of inheritance.
Antimicrobial chemotherapy in the dog
Authors: ENGLISH P. B. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTFrom a premise that some adverse reactions to antimicrobial drugs pass unnoticed in the dog, the paper correlates available information on the subject. In so doing, it presents information on the adverse reactions that have been observed in dogs given specific antimicrobial drugs at therapeutic and at higher dose rates. Except for hypersensitivity reactions, these adverse effects are described according to the system or organ predominantly involved. In addition, adverse reactions to antimicrobial drugs observed in other animal species are included to further heighten the awareness of the practising veterinarian to the possibility of their occurrence in the dog. It is concluded that the likelihood of adverse reactions should seldom preclude the use of antimicrobial therapy when it is needed, but that it should preclude the reflex prescription of antimicrobials in practice at the merest hint of the presence of infection.
Lipid keratopathy in a cat
Authors: CARRINGTON S. D. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTLipid keratopathy in a cat is recorded. Material removed at superficial keratectomy was examined by light, polarizing and electron microscopy. The lesion consists of two zones: (1) a highly cellular zone containing mainly modified keratocytes situated immediately beneath the anterior epithelium, and (2) a band of lipid debris and macrophages within the anterior third of the corneal stroma. Detailed ultrastructural pathological observations are reported on both zones. The pathogenesis and treatment of the condition are discussed.