bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lectotypification of the Linnaean name Daphne alpina (Thymelaeaceae)
Authors: Urbani Malvina 
Published: April 2006

SummaryUrbani, M.: Lectotypification of the Linnaean name Daphne alpina (Thymelaeaceae). ‐ Taxon 40: 493–495. 1991. ‐ ISSN 0040‐0262.The name Daphne alpina L. is lectotypified by an illustration of l'Obel, which safeguards traditional usage. The species appears to have been variously confused, by Linnaeus and other authors, with Daphne collina Vahl. [Ass. Ed.'s abstract.]
A list of validly published, automatically typified, ordinal names of vascular plants
Authors: Reveal James L. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryReveal, J. L.: A list of validly published, automatically typified, ordinal names of vascular plants. – Taxon 42: 825‐844. 1993. – ISSN 0040‐0262.Automatically typified ordinal names of extant vascular plants, their authorships and places of valid publication are listed along with the corresponding family name and its automatic type. Nomenclature problems relating to suprafamilial ranks are discussed.
Did Scott typify names inHaworthia (Asphodelaceae: Alooideae)?
Authors: Terblanche R. F. , Smith G. F. , Theunissen J. D. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryTerblanche, R. F., Smith, G. F. & Theunissen, J. D.: Did Scott typify names inHaworthia (Asphodelaceae: Alooideae)? ‐ Taxon42: 91‐95. 1993. ‐ ISSN 0040‐0262.HaworthiaDuval(Asphodelaceae: Alooideae)is a taxonomically difficult genus under which c. 400 names have been published, most of them (excepting the most recent) not yet typified. Scott in his recent monograph ofHaworthiaattempted typification on a large scale, but of his four different ways of citing or indicating type specimens, two ‐ involving more than 50 % of the accepted names ‐ do not constitute effective typification. The importance of making new typifications explicit in taxonomic studies is discussed.
Report of the Committee for Pteridophyta: 13
Authors: Lellinger David B. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryLellinger, D. B.: Report of the Committee for Pteridophyta: 13. ‐ Taxon 42: 119‐120. 1993. ‐ISSN 0040‐0262.The Committee for Pteridophyta reports its opinions on 12 proposals to conserve names, recommending one.
STUDIES IN ANNONACEAE. XIV. INDEX TO GENERIC NAMES OF ANNONACEAE
Authors: van Setten A. K. , Maas P. J. M. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryA list of all known generic names in Annonaceae, including orthographic variants and nomina nuda, is given. Place and date of original literature, synonymy, and typification are mentioned. Enantia D. Oliver (not of Falconer) is given the new name Annickia, and ten new combinations are made. Some amendments to the conservation of 2679 Guatteria are proposed.
Genetic variability in the three subspecies of Marchantia polymorpha (Hepaticae): isozymes, RFLP and RAPD markers
Authors: Boisselier‐Dubayle M. C. , Jubier M. F. , Lejeune B. , Bischler H. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryBoisselier‐Dubayle, M. C., Jubier, M. F., Lejeune, B. & Bischler, H.: Genetic variability in the three subspecies of Marchantia polymorpha (Hepaticae): isozymes, RFLP and RAPD markers. – Taxon 44: 363‐376. 1995. – ISSN 0040‐0262.Three subspecies of Marchantia polymorpha have been recently characterized by isozyme patterns, ecology and morphological characters. To confirm their taxonomic status and to better understand their relationships and genetic variability, a previous study on enzyme polymorphism was extended to additional colonies and enzymes. A parallel study was done with DNA markers derived from restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Results obtained with these different approaches (protein and DNA level) all support the taxonomic distinctness of the subspecies. Genetic similarity within subspecies was found to be high over wide geographic areas, and low among subspecies. The genetic divergence of the three subspecies may be taken to illustrate a case of speciation with adaptation to different ecological niches, and subsequent reproductive isolation. The hybrid origin of Marchantia polymorpha subsp. ruderalis, postulated in the past, is not supported by our data.
Mauranthemum, a new name for Leucoglossum B. H. Wilcox & al. non S. Imai (Compositae, Anthemideae)
Authors: Vogt Robert , Oberprieler Christoph 
Published: April 2006

SummaryVogt, R. & Oberprieler, C.: Mauranthemum, a new name for Leucoglossum B. H. Wilcox & al. non S. Imai (Compositae, Anthemideae). – Taxon 44: 377‐378. 1995. – ISSN 0040‐0262.Mauranthemum is published as an avowed substitute for Leucoglossum B. H. Wilcox & al. 1993, which is an illegitimate later homonym of Leucoglossum S. Imai 1942. New combinations for four species and one subspecies are proposed.
The identity of Crataegus columbiana and its relationship to C. piperi (Rosaceae)
Authors: Phipps J. B. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryPhipps, J. B.: The identity of Crataegus columbiana and its relationship to C. piperi (Rosaceae). – Taxon 44: 405‐408. 1995. – ISSN 0040‐0262.Crataegus columbiana Howell is here lectotypified on material that is an obvious match for C. douglasii Lindley, sensu lato, and therefore becomes a synonym of the latter. A phantom taxon commonly called C. columbiana must now be called C. piperi Britton.
Transfer of the Australian red algae Kallymenia nitophylloides to Cryptonemia (Halymeniaceae) and Halymenia chondricola to Hymenocladia (Rhodymeniaceae)
Authors: Lewis John A. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryLewis, J. A.: Transfer of the Australian red algae Kallymenia nitophylloides to Cryptonemia (Halymeniaceae) and Halymenia chondrkola to Hymenocladia (Rhodymeniaceae). – Taxon 43: 3‐10. 1994. – ISSN 0040‐0262.Type material of Kallymenia nitophylloides J. Agardh from northern New South Wales was found to be taxonomically identical to plants collected recently at a number of sites further south in New South Wales and in Victoria. The new material has reproductive and vegetative features consistent with the genus Cryptonemia (Halymeniaceae). The combination Cryptonemia nitophylloides (J. Agardh) J. A. Lewis is therefore proposed. The holotype of Halymenia chondrkola Sond. from Western Australia was found to belong in the genus Hymenocladia (Rhodymeniaceae). The species corresponds with that generally reported in southern Australia as Hymenocladia polymorpha (Harv.) J. Agardh and in New Zealand as Hymenocladia sanguínea (Harv.) Sparling. As the name Halymenia chondricola predates both of the Harvey basionyms, the binomial Hymenocladia chondrkola (Sond.) J. A. Lewis is proposed. Lectotypes are designated for Rhodymenia polymorpha Harv. and the related yet distinct Calliblepharis conspersa Harv.
Are many plant species paraphyletic?
Authors: Rieseberg Loren H. , Brouillet Luc 
Published: April 2006

SummaryRieseberg, L. H. & Brouillet, L.: Are many plant species paraphyletic? – Taxon 43: 21‐32. 1994. – ISSN 0040‐0262.The phylogenetic Status of plant species has become a critical issue in systematic and evolutionary botany, due in part to the influence of Hennigian principles on organismal classification. This paper reviews various modes of speciation and their frequency in plants, and discusses predicted phylogenetic consequences of different modes of speciation. The classic model of allopatric speciation by subdivision will typically generate monophyletic daughter species, whereas most geographically local models of speciation (e.g., the founder effect model), will produce a paraphyletic progenitor and monophyletic derivative species. Due to the theoretical difficulty of transforming widespread population systems through gene flow or selection, allopatric speciation by subdivision is likely to be less frequent than geographically local models of speciation. Low levels of gene flow will also increase the time required for the progenitor species to achieve monophyly. Thus, many plant species are likely to be paraphyletic, and predictably a species classification based on the criterion of monophyly is unlikely to be an effective tool for describing and ordering biological diversity.
Assessing functional reproductive traits from herbaria] material: the test case of pollen tubes in pistils of Polemoniaceae
Authors: Plitmann Uzi 
Published: April 2006

SummaryPlitmann, U.: Assessing functional reproductive traits from herbarial material: the test case of pollen tubes in pistils of Polemoniaceae. –Taxon 43: 63‐69. 1994. – ISSN 0040‐0262.Herbarium material can be used for studying certain functional reproductive traits, such as the plant's breeding system. A method is proposed by which pollen tubes can be traced in the pistil even in old dry specimens. By applying this method to species of the Polemoniaceae, microgametophytes could be scored in stigmas and styles and their mean numbers related to the specific known or putative breeding systems. Mean numbers of pollen tubes showed high correlation with the pollen‐ovule ratios or the stigmatic pollen germination of the species involved. These numbers were significantly higher in predominant inbreeders than in predominant or facultative out‐breeders. The method is thus suited for obtaining accessory biosystematic information from herbarial material.
On the current nomenclatural status of Tetrahedraletes (Fossiles)
Authors: Traverse Alfred , Strother Paul K. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryTraverse, A. & Strother, P. K.: On the current nomenclatural status of Tetrahedraletes (Fossiles). – Taxon 43: 71‐74. 1994. – ISSN 0040‐0262.Two valid and legitimate generic names of Silurian fossil obligate tetrads, Tetrahedraletes and Nodospora, published by Strother & Traverse, are based on type specimens that now are recognized as representing a single genus. Burgess, the first to propose the synonymy formally, selected Tetrahedraletes as the generic name for the combined genus, and his choice, having priority, must be followed. Gray's call to abandon both generic names is misguided.
The identity of Euphorbia milii var. breonii, nom. nud. (Euphorbiaceae)
Authors: Newton Leonard E. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryNewton, L. E.: The identity of Euphorbia milii var. breonii, nom. nud. (Euphorbiaceae). – Taxon 43: 85‐87. 1994. – ISSN 0040‐0262.Euphorbia breonii Nois. is a superfluous renaming of E. milii Des Moul. E. milii var. breonii Ursch & Leandri is an invalidly published nomen nudum, excluding the type of its epithet‐bringing synonym. The taxon known today as “E. milii var. breonii” is sufficiently close to E. milii var. hislopii (N. E. Br.) Ursch & Leandri to be regarded as a mere variant of it. A lectotype is designated for E. milii Des Moul.
Report of the Committee for Spermatophyta: 40
Authors: Brummitt R. K. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryBrummitt, R. K.: Report of the Committee for Spermatophyta: 40. – Taxon 43: 113‐126. 1994. – ISSN 0040‐0262.This report deals with 32 proposals (30 numbered, 2 unnumbered and first published here): 17 to conserve (11 recommended), 8 to amend current entries (6 recommended), and 7 to reject (3 recommended, 4 to be reconsidered in the light of changes to the rules decided in Yokohama); and gives 10 Committee opinions: 9 on homonymy (4 positive, 3 negative, 1 undecided), 1 on validity (name not validly published), and 1 on correctability of spelling (correctable).
Two hitherto confused species, Dracontium polyphyllum and D. asperum (Araceae), and typification of their names
Authors: Zhu Guanghua , Grayum Michael H. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryZhu, G. & Grayum, M. H.: Two hitherto confused species, Dracontium polyphyllum and D. asperum (Araceae), and typification of their names. – Taxon 44: 519‐523. 1995. – ISSN 0040‐0262.The names Dracontium polyphyllum L. and D. asperum K. Koch have confused aroid taxonomists for more than two centuries, because they pertain to similar material from the same country (Surinam), and their typification is problematic. The previously designated lectotype of D. polyphyllum is ambiguous and cannot be identified to species level; an epitype is here designated. A neotype is designated for D. asperum. The concepts of the two species are elaborated.
Generic boundaries in the tribe Sileneae (Caryophyllaceae) as inferred from nuclear rDNA sequences
Authors: Oxelman Bengt , Lidén Magnus 
Published: April 2006

SummaryOxelman, B. & Lidén, M.: Generic boundaries in the tribe Sileneae (Caryophyllaceae) as inferred from nuclear rDNA sequences. – Taxon 44: 525‐542. 1995. – ISSN 0040‐0262.The relationships within the tribe Sileneae (Caryophyllaceae, Caryophylloideae) were deduced from nucleotide sequence variation in the nuclear ribosomal DNA. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions and the intervening 5.8S gene were sequenced for 76 ingroup and five outgroup taxa. The relationships were analysed more closely for 26 of these, with the addition of 822 aligned positions from the 28S gene. Drypis appears not to belong in Sileneae, and perhaps not even in Caryophylloideae. Agrostemma is sister group to the rest of the tribe. Eudianthe (Silene coeli‐rosa and S. laeta) and Petrocoptis are clearly separated from the core Silene. Steris (Viscaria), Silene sect. Heliosperma, sect. Rupifraga, and sect. Compactae together form a strongly supported clade, as do Lychnis plus Uebelinia. Cucubalus, Melandrium, and Gastrolychnis are nested within a weakly supported “Silene”. Polyschemone, previously often misplaced in Lychnis, is apparently closely related to Silene acaulis. Within the core Silene, three main groups can be identified, corresponding roughly to three of Rohrbach's (1869) five main generic subdivisions, S. subg. Behen, sect. Cincinnosilene, and sect. Botryosilene. Pleconax, Melandrium, Cucubalus, and Gastrolychnis nest within S. subg. Behen, but the monophyly of this group is weakly supported. Members of S. sect. Dichasiosilene are scattered over all three groups, indicating that dichasium is plesiomorphic within the group.
Neotypification of Acer orientale (Aceraceae)
Authors: Turland Nicholas 
Published: April 2006

SummaryTurland, N. J.: Neotypification of Acer orientale (Aceraceae). – Taxon 44: 597‐600. 1995. – ISSN 0040‐0262.A specimen belonging to the Turkish Acer monspessulanum subsp. oksalianum Yalt. is designated as the neotype of the ambiguous name A. orientale L. The latter name has been applied to another eastern Mediterranean taxon which since 1967 has been known by the slightly later name A. sempervirens L. This action stabilizes this current usage.
Vitex bombacifolia, not a synonym of V. helogiton (Verbenaceae)
Authors: Daniel P. , Rajendran A. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryDaniel, P. & Rajendran, A.: Vitex bombacifolia, not a synonym of V. helogiton (Verbenaceae). – Taxon 44: 601‐602. 1995. – ISSN 0040‐0262.Vitex bombacifolia, a nomen nudum of Wallich, was later validly published by Walpers. It cannot be synonymized under the later V. helogiton K. Schum., as recently done by Munir. However, V. bombacifolia Wall, ex Walp. is in fact conspecific with V. glabrata R. Br. not with V. helogiton.
Neotypification of the name Clitoria lactescens (Leguminosae)
Authors: Fortunato Renée H. , Greuter Werner 
Published: April 2006

SummaryFortunato, R. H. & Greuter, W.: Neotypifîcation of the name Clitoria lactescens (Leguminosae). – Taxon 47: 703‐704. 1998. – ISSN 0040‐0262.The unused and mysterious Linnaean name Clitoria lactescens, for which no original material exists, has by some been considered a synonym of Galactia pendula, a junior name that it would thus displace. This synonymy is rejected because the validating description of C. lactescens does not fit G. pendula, and the foprmer name is neotypified in such a way that it is no longer a threat to any currently used name.
Neophoenix (Pottiaceae), a new African moss genus found through soil diaspore bank analysis
Authors: Zander Richard H. , During Heinjo J. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryZander, R. H. & During, H. J.: Neophoenix (Pottiaceae), a new African moss genus found through soil diaspore bank analysis. – Taxon 48: 657‐662. 1999. – ISSN 0040‐0262.Neophoenix matoposensis is a newly described taxon obtained after forced growth from soil of experimental fire plots in southern Zimbabwe. It is related to three other austral genera with transparent thecae, but differs in several gametophytic and sporophytic characters. Forced diaspore bank analysis is shown to be of value in uncovering mosses that are small in stature and appear to have a short life cycle and limited time of above‐ground exposure. The technique may prove useful in biodiversity analysis in general. Two similarly hyalothecoid pottiaceous species were also uncovered in soil samples from the same area: Bryoceuthospora aethiopica is new to Zimbabwe, Uleobryum occultum (of which U. curtisii is a new synonym) is new to Africa, having been previously known from Brazil and Australia.
Charles Plumier's drawings of American plants and the nomenclature of early CaribbeanAristolochiaspecies(Aristolochiaceae)
Authors: Rodríguez Rosa Rankin , Greuter Werner 
Published: April 2006

SummaryRankin Rodríguez, R. & Greuter, W.: Charles Plumier's drawings of American plants and the nomenclature of early CaribbeanAristolochiaspecies(Aristolochiaceae). ‐‐ Taxon 48: 677‐688. 1999. – ISSN 0040‐0262.Among the 1657 mostly unpublished drawings of Caribbean plants made by Charles Plumier between 1689 and 1697, 6 concern species ofAristolochia.All have served, either in original (kept in the Central Library of the National Museum of Natural History in Paris) or in copy (from the series drawn for Boerhaave in 1733 and studied in 1738 by Linnaeus), or as published plates base on either set, or by an associated description, as the main basis for 7 heterotypic binomials referring to 6 species. Having studied the original drawings and Plumier's correlated manuscript notes in Paris as well as the 4 extant Boerhaave copies and all relevant literature, the authors critically review the typification and application of the binomials concerned, designating lecto‐ or neotypes where needed and epitypes in most cases. Current usage of names is maintained with two exceptions. The nameA. bilabiatahas, since 1966, been misapplied to the species that was previously and correctly known asA. oblongata,and should therefore now be rejected as a confused name (rather than being adopted in the sense of its type, displacingA. chasmemato designate a rare endemic of Haiti, Hispaniola).A. punctata,so far considered a doubtful name, is synonymous withA. fuertesiiand must be adopted in its stead for another seldom collected endemic of Hispaniola.
Maesaceae, a new primuloid family in the order Ericales s.l.
Authors: Anderberg Arne A. , Ståhl Bertil , Källersjö Mari 
Published: April 2006

SummaryAnderberg, A. A., Ståhl, B. & Källersjö, M.: Maesaceae, a new primuloid family in the order Ericales s.l. – Taxon 49: 183–187. 2000. – ISSN 0040‐0262.Evidence from morphology and molecular sequence data from three chloroplast genes, rbcL, ndhF, and atpB, have shown that the genus Maesa constitutes an evolutionary lineage separate from the other three primuloid families, Theophrastaceae, Myrsinaceae, and Primulaceae. The new family Maesaceae is here formally recognised, its taxonomic status being changed from a subfamily of Myrsinaceae. The new family comprises a single genus, Maesa Forssk., with some 100 species of trees or shrubs; it is diagnosed by characters such as flower pedicels with two bracteoles, a semi‐inferior ovary, and indehiscent fruits with many seeds. A key to the major groups of primuloid taxa is presented
Typification of Linnaean plant names in thePoaceae(Gramineae)
Authors: Jarvis Charles E. , Turland Nicholas J. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryCafferty, S., Jarvis, C. E. & Turland, N. J. (eds.): Typification of Linnaean plant names in thePoaceae(Gramineae). – Taxon 49: 239–260. 2000. – ISSN 0040‐0262.Lectotypes, neotypes and epitypes are designated by 26 specialists for 107 previously untypified Linnaean plant names belonging to the familyPoaceae(Gramineae) and also for one Jacquin name. These newly proposed types support the current usage of the names concerned. Earlier but ineffective or supersedable type statements are discussed.
Floristics and monography—an uncertain future?
Authors: Heywood Vernon 
Published: April 2006

SummaryHeywood, V.: Floristics and monography—an uncertain future? – Taxon 50: 361–380. 2001. – ISSN 0040‐0262.Like much of the rest of taxonomy, both floristics and monography, two of its principal outputs are being subjected, albeit slowly, to the dramatic changes in concepts and methodology that are affecting other parts of these fields. After a number of false starts, electronic web‐based preparation and publication of floristic and taxonomic projects in the form of continually updated information systems and databases are beginning to replace conventional time‐ and information‐limited floras and, to a lesser extent, monographs. Coincidental with these developments, the value of floristics is being questioned by some biologists on the grounds of its lack of scientific objectivity and its weakening of systematics as a scientific endeavour, while at the same time its fundamental importance, under the guise of completing the inventory of biodiversity, is being emphasised by other biologists and by the Convention on Biological Diversity and the Global Taxonomic Initiative. Other important developments that will affect the way in which floristics and monography are pursued, is the questioning of the continuing relevance of the Linnaean hierarchical structure of biological classification and proposals to replace it with a phylogenetic structure, and proposals to adopt phylogenetic species concepts. Both of these, however scientifically justified, would drastically affect the accessibility of the units of taxonomy to a large number of non‐specialist users. In contrast to this, we are beginning to see in taxonomy policy‐making, an increasing sensitivity to societal and ethical concerns that characterise “post‐normal science”. This includes the recognition of the need to command strong public identification such as response to user needs and concerns, and an acceptance that floristic and taxonomic work cannot be pursued as open‐ended, long‐term enterprises. There is a time limit imposed by human activities in destroying the very resource base of biodiversity that we are aiming to study.
Phylogenetic analysis ofPhylicaL. (Rhamnaceae) with an emphasis on island species: evidence from plastidtrnL‐Fand nuclear internal transcribed spacer (ribosomal) DNA sequences
Authors: Richardson James E. , Weitz Frans M. , Fay Michael F. , Cronk Quentin C. B. , Linder H. Peter , Reeves Gail , Chase Mark W. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryRichardson, J. E., Weitz, F. M., Fay, M. F., Cronk, Q. C. B., Linder, H. P., Reeves, G. & Chase, M. W.: Phylogenetic analysis ofPhylicaL. (Rhamnaceae) with an emphasis on island species: evidence from plastidtrnL‐FDNA and nuclear internal transcribed spacer (ribosomal DNA) sequences. – Taxon 50: 405–427. 2001. – ISSN 0040‐0262.The relationships of the island species ofPhylicaand other genera inPhyliceae(Rhamnaceae) were evaluated using sequences for the plastidtrnLintron, thetrnL‐Fintergenic spacer and the internal transcribed spacers of nuclear ribosomal DNA. Both regions provided nearly identical phylogenetic patterns, so they were analysed as a combined matrix. The generaNesiotaandNolteawere found to be palaeoendemic species within the context of the tribe. The island species ofPhylicaformed a monophyletic group together with the widespread mainland species,P. paniculata.The plesiomorphic, generalist morphology of this group contrasts with the derived morphological characteristics of the majority of mainland species. However, the group occupies a derived position in the phylogenetic trees, thus indicating either a reversal or more likely the retention of these primitive traits.