bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
cla-miR164-NO APICAL MERISTEM (ClNAM) regulates the inflorescence architecture development of Chrysanthemum lavandulifolium
Authors: Li Junzhuo , Wen Xiaohui , Zhang Qiuling , Tian Yuankai , Pu Ya , Wang Jiaying , Liu Bo , Du Yihan , Dai Silan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Chrysanthemum × morifolium has great ornamental and economic value on account of its exquisite capitulum. However, previous studies have mainly focused on the corolla morphology of the capitulum. Such an approach cannot explain the variable inflorescence architecture of the chrysanthemum. Previous research from our group has shown that NO APICAL MERISTEM (ClNAM) is likely to function as a hub gene in capitulum architecture in the early development stage. In the present study, ClNAM was used to investigate the function of these boundary genes in the capitulum architecture of Chrysanthemum lavandulifolium, a closely related species of C. × morifolium in the genus. Modification of ClNAM in C. lavandulifolium resulted in an advanced initiation of the floral primordium at the capitulum. As a result, the receptacle morphology was altered and the number of florets decreased. The ray floret corolla was shortened, but the disc floret was elongated. The number of capitula increased significantly, arranged in more densely compounded corymbose synflorescences. The yeast and luciferase reporter system revealed that ClAP1, ClRCD2, and ClLBD18 target and activate ClNAM. Subsequently, ClNAM targets and activates ClCUC2a/c, which regulates the initiation of floral and inflorescence in C. lavandulifolium. ClNAM was also targeted and cleaved by cla-miR164 in this process. In conclusion, this study established a boundary gene regulatory network with cla-miR164-ClNAM as the hub. This network not only influences the architecture of capitulum, but also affects compound corymbose synflorescences of the C. lavandulifolium. These results provide new insights into the mechanisms regulating inflorescence architecture in chrysanthemum.
Engineered dsRNA–protein nanoparticles for effective systemic gene silencing in plants
Authors: Sun Huayu , Kalluri Ankarao , Tang Dan , Ding Jingwen , Zhai Longmei , Gu Xianbin , Li Yanjun , Yer Huseyin , Yang Xiaohan , Tuskan Gerald A , Deng Zhanao , Gmitter Jr Frederick G , Duan Hui , Kumar Challa , Li Yi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Long-distance transport or systemic silencing effects of exogenous biologically active RNA molecules in higher plants have not been reported. Here, we report that cationized bovine serum albumin (cBSA) avidly binds double-stranded beta-glucuronidase RNA (dsGUS RNA) to form nucleic acid–protein nanocomplexes. In our experiments with tobacco and poplar plants, we have successfully demonstrated systemic gene silencing effects of cBSA/dsGUS RNA nanocomplexes when we locally applied the nanocomplexes from the basal ends of leaf petioles or shoots. We have further demonstrated that the cBSA/dsGUS RNA nanocomplexes are highly effective in silencing both the conditionally inducible DR5-GUS gene and the constitutively active 35S-GUS gene in leaf, shoot, and shoot meristem tissues. This cBSA/dsRNA delivery technology may provide a convenient, fast, and inexpensive tool for characterizing gene functions in plants and potentially for in planta gene editing.
Emerging roles and mechanisms of lncRNAs in fruit and vegetables
Authors: Zhao Xiuming , Li Fujun , Ali Maratab , Li Xiaoan , Fu Xiaodong , Zhang Xinhua 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
With the development of genome sequencing technologies, many long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified in fruit and vegetables. lncRNAs are primarily transcribed and spliced by RNA polymerase II (Pol II) or plant-specific Pol IV/V, and exhibit limited evolutionary conservation. lncRNAs intricately regulate various aspects of fruit and vegetables, including pigment accumulation, reproductive tissue development, fruit ripening, and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses, through diverse mechanisms such as gene expression modulation, interaction with hormones and transcription factors, microRNA regulation, and involvement in alternative splicing. This review presents a comprehensive overview of lncRNA classification, basic characteristics, and, most importantly, recent advances in understanding their functions and regulatory mechanisms.
The Smi-miR858a-SmMYB module regulates tanshinone and phenolic acid biosynthesis in Salvia miltiorrhiza
Authors: Zhu Butuo , Wang Meizhen , Pang Yongqi , Hu Xiangling , Sun Chao , Zhou Hong , Deng Yuxing , Lu Shanfa 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Tanshinones and phenolic acids are two major classes of bioactive compounds in Salvia miltiorrhiza. Revealing the regulatory mechanism of their biosynthesis is crucial for quality improvement of S. miltiorrhiza medicinal materials. Here we demonstrated that Smi-miR858a–Smi-miR858c, a miRNA family previously known to regulate flavonoid biosynthesis, also played critical regulatory roles in tanshinone and phenolic acid biosynthesis in S. miltiorrhiza. Overexpression of Smi-miR858a in S. miltiorrhiza plants caused significant growth retardation and tanshinone and phenolic acid reduction. Computational prediction and degradome and RNA-seq analyses revealed that Smi-miR858a could directly cleave the transcripts of SmMYB6, SmMYB97, SmMYB111, and SmMYB112. Yeast one-hybrid and transient transcriptional activity assays showed that Smi-miR858a-regulated SmMYBs, such as SmMYB6 and SmMYB112, could activate the expression of SmPAL1 and SmTAT1 involved in phenolic acid biosynthesis and SmCPS1 and SmKSL1 associated with tanshinone biosynthesis. In addition to directly activating the genes involved in bioactive compound biosynthesis pathways, SmMYB6, SmMYB97, and SmMYB112 could also activate SmAOC2, SmAOS4, and SmJMT2 involved in the biosynthesis of methyl jasmonate, a significant elicitor of plant secondary metabolism. The results suggest the existence of dual signaling pathways for the regulation of Smi-miR858a in bioactive compound biosynthesis in S. miltiorrhiza.
PsmiR159b-PsMYB65 module functions in the resumption of bud growth after endodormancy by affecting the cell cycle in tree peony
Authors: Zhang Tao , Wang Xinyu , Yuan Yanchao , Zhu Shoujie , Liu Chunying , Zhang Yuxi , Gai Shupeng 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Bud endodormancy in perennial plants is a sophisticated system that adapts to seasonal climatic changes. Growth-promoting signals such as low temperature and gibberellins (GAs) are crucial for facilitating budbreak following endodormancy release (EDR). However, the regulatory mechanisms underlying GA-mediated budbreak in tree peony (Paeonia suffruticosa) remain unclear. In tree peony, the expression of PsmiR159b among three differentially expressed miR159 members was inhibited with the prolonged chilling, and overexpression of PsMIR159b delayed budbreak, whereas silencing PsmiR159b promoted budbreak after dormancy. PsMYB65, a downstream transcription factor in the GA pathway, was induced by prolonged chilling and exogenous GA3 treatments. PsMYB65 was identified as a target of PsmiR159b, and promoted budbreak in tree peony. RNA-seq of PsMYB65-slienced buds revealed significant enrichment in the GO terms regulation of ‘cell cycle’ and ‘DNA replication’ among differentially expressed genes. Yeast one-hybrid and electrophoretic mobility shift assays demonstrated that PsMYB65 directly bound to the promoter of the type-D cyclin gene PsCYCD3;1. Dual-luciferase reporter assay indicated that PsMYB65 positively regulate PsCYCD3;1 expression, suggesting that miR159b-PsMYB65 module contributes to budbreak by influencing the cell cycle. Our findings revealed that the PsmiR159b-PsMYB65 module functioned in budbreak after dormancy by regulating cell proliferation, providing valuable insights into the endodormancy release regulation mechanism.
Auxin regulates bulbil initiation by mediating sucrose metabolism in Lilium lancifolium
Authors: Xin Yin , Chen Xi , Liang Jiahui , Wang Shaokun , Pan Wenqiang , Wu Jingxiang , Zhang Mingfang , Zaccai Michele , Yu Xiaonan , Zhang Xiuhai , Wu Jian , Du Yunpeng 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Lily bulbils, which serve as advantageous axillary organs for vegetative propagation, have not been extensively studied in terms of the mechanism of bulbil initiation. The functions of auxin and sucrose metabolism have been implicated in axillary organ development, but their relationship in regulating bulbil initiation remains unclear. In this study, exogenous indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) treatment increased the endogenous auxin levels at leaf axils and significantly decreased bulbil number, whereas treatment with the auxin polar transport inhibitor N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA), which resulted in a low auxin concentration at leaf axils, stimulated bulbil initiation and increased bulbil number. A low level of auxin caused by NPA spraying or silencing of auxin biosynthesis genes YUCCA FLAVIN MONOOXYGENASE-LIKE 6 (LlYUC6) and TRYPTOPHAN AMINOTRANSFERASERELATED 1 (LlTAR1) facilitated sucrose metabolism by activating the expression of SUCROSE SYNTHASES 1 (LlSusy1) and CELL WALL INVERTASE 2 (LlCWIN2), resulting in enhanced bulbil initiation. Silencing LlSusy1 or LlCWIN2 hindered bulbil initiation. Moreover, the transcription factor BASIC HELIX-LOOP-HELIX 35 (LlbHLH35) directly bound the promoter of LlSusy1, but not the promoter of LlCWIN2, and activated its transcription in response to the auxin content, bridging the gap between auxin and sucrose metabolism. In conclusion, our results reveal that an LlbHLH35-LlSusy1 module mediates auxin-regulated sucrose metabolism during bulbil initiation.
A natural variation in SlSCaBP8 promoter contributes to the loss of saline–alkaline tolerance during tomato improvement
Authors: Liu Jian , Zhang Chi , Sun Heyao , Zang Yinqiang , Meng Xianwen , Zhai Huawei , Chen Qian , Li Chuanyou 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Saline–alkaline stress is a worldwide problem that threatens the growth and yield of crops. However, how crops adapt to saline–alkaline stress remains less studied. Here we show that saline–alkaline tolerance was compromised during tomato domestication and improvement, and a natural variation in the promoter of SlSCaBP8, an EF-hand Ca2+ binding protein, contributed to the loss of saline–alkaline tolerance during tomato improvement. The biochemical and genetic data showed that SlSCaBP8 is a positive regulator of saline–alkaline tolerance in tomato. The introgression line Pi-75, derived from a cross between wild Solanum pimpinellifolium LA1589 and cultivar E6203, containing the SlSCaBP8LA1589 locus, showed stronger saline–alkaline tolerance than E6203. Pi-75 and LA1589 also showed enhanced saline–alkaline-induced SlSCaBP8 expression than that of E6203. By sequence analysis, a natural variation was found in the promoter of SlSCaBP8 and the accessions with the wild haplotype showed enhanced saline–alkaline tolerance compared with the cultivar haplotype. Our studies clarify the mechanism of saline–alkaline tolerance conferred by SlSCaBP8 and provide an important natural variation in the promoter of SlSCaBP8 for tomato breeding.
Multiple banking relationships: the role of firm connectedness
Authors: Fracasso Andrea , Peruzzi Valentina , Tomasi Chiara 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This paper sheds light on the role of firm social connectedness in multiple banking relationships, controlling for other firm-level determinants. Using a large sample of Italian manufacturing firms, we develop novel text-based measures of firm connectedness and multiple banking relationships. We measure firm connectedness by exploiting information on the number of links that a non-financial firm has with any other non-financial firm through individuals who hold a position (such as shareholder, administrator, and technical or administrative employee) in both firms. The paper finds empirical evidence that firm connectedness is positively associated with the number of banks lending to the firm. This effect is stronger for younger, smaller, and more indebted firms, suggesting that firm connectedness favors the diffusion of soft information and ultimately their access to multiple sources of credit by reducing negotiation and transaction costs. Connectedness, on the other hand, does not seem to reduce firms’ incentives to increase the number of lenders in order to minimize hold-up risks.
Effects of natural light on improving the lighting and energy efficiency of buildings: toward low energy consumption and CO2 emission
Authors: Bashir Faizah Mohammed , Dodo Yakubu Aminu , Mohamed Mohamed Ahmed said , Norwawi Norita Md , Shannan Nahla M , Afghan Amirhossein Aghajani 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Visual information acquisition is essential for our daily lives, with vision relying on the presence of light. Lighting systems serve the fundamental purpose of enabling vision. This study aims to contribute to sustainable architectural design by emphasizing the efficient utilization of natural daylight. Specifically, the design of skylights or light wells in low–lateral-area, deep-depth structures is of significant importance. While current design criteria consider skylight dimensions and the skylight-to-building height ratio, these factors alone may not suffice for optimal skylight design. To achieve an appropriate lighting and architectural design for such structures, it is essential to evaluate the factors influencing the required amount of daylight on different floors. This study aims to investigate the impact of skylights and light wells on the energy consumption and CO2 emissions of a four-storey building located in Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The physical parameters of skylights and light wells were analyzed, taking into account various aspects that affect the amount of light reaching different levels. The findings highlight the significant influence of skylight size on the light reaching the building’s floors. For square skylights, reducing the well index (increasing skylight size) exponentially increases the daylight factor. Furthermore, this study evaluates the annual energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions of the building, considering the daylighting factor. The results demonstrate that skylights contribute to increased solar heat gain, thermal conductance, and artificial lighting efficiency. Notably, as the lighting factor of the building increases from 3% to 6%, there is an annual decrease of 3% in CO2 emissions.
Vδ1 Effector and Vδ2 γδ T-Cell Subsets Shift in Frequency and Are Linked to Plasma Inflammatory Markers During Antiretroviral Therapy-Suppressed HIV Infection
Authors: Pihl Riley M F , Smith-Mahoney Erika L , Olson Alex , Yuen Rachel R , Asundi Archana , Lin Nina , Belkina Anna C , Snyder-Cappione Jennifer E 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Chronic inflammation is prevalent with antiretroviral therapy (ART)-suppressed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and one immune cell subset putatively driving this phenomenon is TIGIT+ γδ T cells.

Methods
To elucidate γδ T-cell phenotypic diversity, spectral flow cytometry was performed on blood lymphocytes from individuals of a HIV and aging cohort and data were analyzed using bioinformatic platforms. Plasma inflammatory markers were measured and correlated with γδ T-cell subset frequencies.

Results
Thirty-nine distinct γδ T-cell subsets were identified (22 Vδ1+, 14 Vδ2+, and 3 Vδ1−Vδ2−Vγ9+) and TIGIT was nearly exclusively found on the Vδ1+CD45RA+CD27− effector populations. People with ART-suppressed HIV infection (PWH) exhibited high frequencies of distinct clusters of Vδ1+ effectors distinguished via CD8, CD16, and CD38 expression. Among Vδ2+ cells, most Vγ9+ (innate-like) clusters were lower in PWH; however, CD27+ subsets were similar in frequency between participants with and without HIV. Comparisons by age revealed lower ‘naive’ Vδ1+CD45RA+CD27+ cells in older individuals, regardless of HIV status. Plasma inflammatory markers were selectively linked to subsets of Vδ1+ and Vδ2+ cells.

Conclusions
These results further elucidate γδ T-cell subset complexity and reveal distinct alterations and connections with inflammatory pathways of Vδ1+ effector and Vδ2+ innate-like subsets during ART-suppressed HIV infection.
Online health information–seeking behaviours for low back pain in the United Kingdom: analysis of data from Google trends and the Global Burden of Disease Study, 2004–2019
Authors: Patel Harpal , Shepherd Thomas A 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Low back pain (LBP) is a leading cause of global disability. Timely health-seeking is crucial for early diagnosis and management of pathologies. Despite increases in internet usage, there is sparse literature regarding online health information–seeking behaviours (OHISBs) for LBP and how they correlate with the LBP disease burden in the UK.

Methods
To examine OHISB trends, we conducted Prais–Winsten analyses on monthly search volume data from Google Trends in the UK between 1 January 2004 and 1 December 2019. Cross-correlation analyses assessed the relationship between annual LBP search volume and LBP morbidity and mortality data from the Global Burden of Disease study (2004–2019).

Results
From 2004 to 2019, the trend in LBP search volume was curvilinear (β=1.27, t=5.00, p&lt;0.001), with a slope change around the end of 2006. There was a negative linear trend (β=−0.25, t35=−1.52, p&lt;0.14) from 2004 to 2006 and a positive linear trend (β=0.67, t108=9.17, p&lt;0.001) from 2007 to 2019. Cross-correlations revealed positive associations between search volume and disease burden indicators for LBP such as prevalence and incidence at lags 4 and 5.

Conclusions
A rising trend in OHISBs for LBP was noted between 2004 and 2019. This trend positively correlates with incidence, prevalence and burden measures. These findings emphasise the importance of high-quality online resources to increase awareness around LBP, facilitating early diagnosis and management.
Antimicrobial susceptibility profile of clinically relevantBacteroides,Phocaeicola,ParabacteroidesandPrevotellaspecies, isolated by eight laboratories in the Netherlands
Authors: Boiten K E , Notermans D W , Rentenaar R J , van Prehn J , Bode L G M , Maat I , van der Zwet W , Jansz A , Siebers T J H , Rossen J W A , de Greeff S C , Hendrickx A P A , Kuijper E J , Veloo A C M 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectivesRecently, reports on antimicrobial-resistant Bacteroides and Prevotella isolates have increased in the Netherlands. This urged the need for a surveillance study on the antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Bacteroides, Phocaeicola, Parabacteroides and Prevotella isolates consecutively isolated from human clinical specimens at eight different Dutch laboratories.MethodsEach laboratory collected 20–25 Bacteroides (including Phocaeicola and Parabacteroides) and 10–15 Prevotella isolates for 3 months. At the national reference laboratory, the MICs of amoxicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, piperacillin/tazobactam, meropenem, imipenem, metronidazole, clindamycin, tetracycline and moxifloxacin were determined using agar dilution. Isolates with a high MIC of metronidazole or a carbapenem, or harbouring cfiA, were subjected to WGS.ResultsBacteroides thetaiotaomicron/faecis isolates had the highest MIC90 values, whereas Bacteroides fragilis had the lowest MIC90 values for amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, piperacillin/tazobactam, meropenem, imipenem and moxifloxacin. The antimicrobial profiles of the different Prevotella species were similar, except for amoxicillin, for which the MIC50 ranged from 0.125 to 16 mg/L for Prevotella bivia and Prevotella buccae, respectively. Three isolates with high metronidazole MICs were sequenced, of which one Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron isolate harboured a plasmid-located nimE gene and a Prevotella melaninogenica isolate harboured a nimA gene chromosomally.Five Bacteroides isolates harboured a cfiA gene and three had an IS element upstream, resulting in high MICs of carbapenems. The other two isolates harboured no IS element upstream of the cfiA gene and had low MICs of carbapenems.ConclusionsVariations in resistance between species were observed. To combat emerging resistance in anaerobes, monitoring resistance and conducting surveillance are essential.
Lipopeptides from Bacillus velezensis induced apoptosis-like cell death in the pathogenic fungus Fusarium concentricum
Authors: Chen Meichun , Deng Yingjie , Zheng Meixia , Xiao Rongfeng , Wang Xun , Liu Bo , He Jin , Wang Jieping 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Aims
Stem rot caused by Fusarium concentricum is a new disease of Paris polyphylla reported by our research group. The present study investigates the growth inhibitory and apoptotic effects of Bacillus velezensis FJAT-54560 lipopeptide against F. concentricum.

Methods and Results
HPLC preparation and LC-MS analysis results show that the crude lipopeptides secreted by Bacillus velezensis FJAT-54560 isolated from Jasminum sambac consist of C14–17 iturin A, C14 fengycin B, C16 fengycin A/A2, C18 fengycin A, C20 fengycin B2, C21 fengycin A2, C22–23 fengycin A, C12–16 surfactin A, and C15 surfactin A derivatives. The mass ratios (g/g) of iturin, fengycin, and surfactin in lipopeptides are 2.40, 67.51, and 30.08%, respectively. Through inhibition zone and inhibition rate experiments, we found that crude lipopeptides and purified fengycin exhibit strong antifungal activity against F. concentricum, including accumulation of reactive oxygen species, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, DNA fragmentation, Ca2+ accumulation, chromatin condensation, and phosphatidylserine externalization. Transcriptomic analysis indicates that crude lipopeptide-induced apoptosis in F. concentricum cells may be mediated by apoptosis-inducing factors and apoptosis mediators and can serve as a metacaspase-independent model.

Conclusion
Lipopeptides from Bacillus velezensis FJAT-54560 can control the pathogenic fungus F. concentricum by inducing apoptosis.
Mucocele-like Lesions: Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation
Authors: Chandora Agni , Kahn Andrea G , Zamora Kathryn 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Mucocele-like lesions (MLLs) of the breast are rare lesions described as dilated, mucin-filled cysts associated with rupture and extracellular mucin in the surrounding stroma. These lesions are of clinical concern because they can coexist with a spectrum of atypical and malignant findings, including atypical ductal hyperplasia, ductal carcinoma in situ, and invasive carcinoma including mucinous carcinoma. Imaging findings of MLLs are nonspecific and varied, although the most common initial finding is that of incidental coarse heterogeneous calcifications on mammography. Occasionally, an asymmetry or mass may be found with or without calcifications, and such MLLs have a higher rate of upgrade to malignancy at excision. Pathology findings are often descriptive given the small sample received from percutaneous biopsy, and the primary consideration is to report any associated atypia, including atypical ductal hyperplasia. There is consensus in the literature that MLLs with atypia on biopsy should undergo excision because of the average reported 17.5% (20/114) upgrade rate to malignancy. The upgrade rate for MLLs without atypia averages 4.1% (14/341). Therefore, imaging surveillance may be a reasonable alternative to excision for MLLs with no atypia on a case-by-case basis. We review MLL imaging findings, pathology findings, and clinical management and present 3 cases from our institution to add to the literature on these rare lesions.