bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flooding, season and habitat interact to drive changes in vertebrate scavenging and carcass persistence rates
Authors: Krige Zyna , Spencer Emma E. , Crowther Mathew S. , Dickman Christopher R. , Newsome Thomas M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractScavenging dynamics are influenced by many abiotic and biotic factors, but there is little knowledge of how scavengers respond to extreme weather events. As carrion is a major driver of the organisation and structure of food webs within ecological communities, understanding the response of scavengers to extreme weather events is critical in a world that is increasingly subject to climate change. In this study, vertebrate scavenging and carcass persistence rates were quantified in the Simpson Desert of central Australia; a system that experiences major fluctuations and extremes in weather conditions. Specifically, a total of 80 adult red kangaroo (Osphranter rufus) carcasses were placed on the landscape and monitored using remote sensor cameras. This included 40 carcasses monitored before and then 40 carcasses monitored after a major flooding event. The carcasses were monitored equally before and after the flood across different seasons (warm and cool) and in dune and interdune habitats. Overall, a total of 8124 scavenging events for 97,976 visitation minutes were recorded for 11 vertebrate species within 30 days of carcass placement pre- and post-flood. Vertebrate scavenging increased post-flood in the warm season, especially by corvids which quadrupled their scavenging events during this time. There was little difference in carcass persistence between habitats, but carcasses persisted 5.3-fold longer post-flood in warm seasons despite increased vertebrate scavenging. The results demonstrate that a flood event can influence scavenging dynamics and suggest a need to further understand how seasons, habitats and extreme weather events can drive changes in carrion-based food webs.
Globally Linked Pairs of Vertices in Generic Frameworks
Authors: Jordán Tibor , Villányi Soma 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA d-dimensional framework is a pair (G, p), where $$G=(V,E)$$

G
=
(
V
,
E
)

is a graph and p is a map from V to $${\mathbb {R}}^d$$

R

d

. The length of an edge $$xy\in E$$

x
y
∈
E

in (G, p) is the distance between p(x) and p(y). A vertex pair $$\{u,v\}$$

{
u
,
v
}

of G is said to be globally linked in (G, p) if the distance between p(u) and p(v) is equal to the distance between q(u) and q(v) for every d-dimensional framework (G, q) in which the corresponding edge lengths are the same as in (G, p). We call (G, p) globally rigid in $${\mathbb {R}}^d$$

R

d

when each vertex pair of G is globally linked in (G, p). A pair $$\{u,v\}$$

{
u
,
v
}

of vertices of G is said to be weakly globally linked in G in $${\mathbb {R}}^d$$

R

d

if there exists a generic framework (G, p) in which $$\{u,v\}$$

{
u
,
v
}

is globally linked. In this paper we first give a sufficient condition for the weak global linkedness of a vertex pair of a $$(d+1)$$

(
d
+
1
)

-connected graph G in $${\mathbb {R}}^d$$

R

d

and then show that for $$d=2$$

d
=
2

it is also necessary. We use this result to obtain a complete characterization of weakly globally linked pairs in graphs in $${\mathbb {R}}^2$$

R

2

, which gives rise to an algorithm for testing weak global linkedness in the plane in $$O(|V|^2)$$

O
(
|
V

|
2

)

time. Our methods lead to a new short proof for the characterization of globally rigid graphs in $${\mathbb {R}}^2$$

R

2

, and further results on weakly globally linked pairs and globally rigid graphs in the plane and in higher dimensions.
Real-world NUDT15 genotyping and thiopurine treatment optimization in inflammatory bowel disease: a multicenter study
Authors: Makuuchi Motoki , Kakuta Yoichi , Umeno Junji , Fujii Toshimitsu , Takagawa Tetsuya , Ibuka Takashi , Miura Miki , Sasaki Yu , Takahashi Sakuma , Nakase Hiroshi , Kiyohara Hiroki , Tominaga Keiichi , Shimodaira Yosuke , Hiraoka Sakiko , Ueno Nobuhiro , Yanai Shunichi , Yoshihara Takeo , Kakimoto Kazuki , Matsuoka Katsuyoshi , Hayashi Ryohei , Nanjo Sohachi , Iwama Itaru , Ishiguro Yoh , Chiba Hirofumi , Endo Katsuya , Kagaya Takashi , Fukuda Tomohiro , Sakata Yasuhisa , Kudo Takahiro , Takagi Tomohisa , Takahashi Kenichi , Naganuma Makoto , Shinozaki Masaru , Ogata Noriyuki , Tanaka Hiroki , Narimatsu Kazuyuki , Miyazaki Haruka , Ishige Takashi , Onodera Motoyuki , Hashimoto Yu , Nagai Hiroshi , Shimoyama Yusuke , Naito Takeo , Moroi Rintaro , Shiga Hisashi ,   Post-MENDEL study group, Kinouchi Yoshitaka , Andoh Akira , Hisamatsu Tadakazu , Masamune Atsushi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
This study evaluated the effectiveness of NUDT15 codon 139 genotyping in optimizing thiopurine treatment for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in Japan, using real-world data, and aimed to establish genotype-based treatment strategies.

Methods
A retrospective analysis of 4628 IBD patients who underwent NUDT15 codon 139 genotyping was conducted. This study assessed the purpose of the genotyping test and subsequent prescriptions following the obtained results. Outcomes were compared between the Genotyping group (thiopurine with genotyping test) and Non-genotyping group (thiopurine without genotyping test). Risk factors for adverse events (AEs) were analyzed by genotype and prior genotyping status.

Results
Genotyping test for medical purposes showed no significant difference in thiopurine induction rates between Arg/Arg and Arg/Cys genotypes, but nine Arg/Cys patients opted out of thiopurine treatment. In the Genotyping group, Arg/Arg patients received higher initial doses than the Non-genotyping group, while Arg/Cys patients received lower ones (median 25 mg/day). Fewer AEs occurred in the Genotyping group because of their lower incidence in Arg/Cys cases. Starting with < 25 mg/day of AZA reduced AEs in Arg/Cys patients, while Arg/Arg patients had better retention rates when maintaining ≥ 75 mg AZA. Nausea and liver injury correlated with thiopurine formulation but not dosage. pH-dependent mesalamine reduced leukopenia risk in mesalamine users.

Conclusions
NUDT15 codon 139 genotyping effectively reduces thiopurine-induced AEs and improves treatment retention rates in IBD patients after genotype-based dose adjustments. This study provides data-driven treatment strategies based on genotype and identifies risk factors for specific AEs, contributing to a refined thiopurine treatment approach.
Uncovering Failure and Cracking Behaviors of Double-Flawed Sandstone Under Compressive-Shear Loading Using Digital Image Correlation (DIC) Technique
Authors: Zhou Tao , Chen Jiarong , Wang Fei , Zhou Changtai 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe coalescence of flaws provides valuable insights into the failure behaviors of rock masses, which is a critical issue in rock engineering. In this study, a series of compressive-shear tests were conducted on sandstone specimens containing double flaws. The failure and cracking behaviors of specimens with different geometric configurations under various loading conditions were analyzed using the digital image correlation (DIC) technique. The strain and displacement fields effectively demonstrate crack propagation and coalescence, accompanied by the axial load–displacement curve. The results revealed the effect of eccentric and overlapping distance of double flaws on the compressive-shear bearing capacity. The relative displacement method (RDM) was applied to analyze the crack characteristics in this study. Based on the relative displacement behaviors of the cracks, five typical types of crack modes were identified, including tensile mode, shear mode, mixed-I mode, mixed-II mode, and mixed-III mode. Both wing cracks initiated from flaw outer tips and anti-wing cracks generated from flaw inner tips were classified as a tensile mode or mode-I, dominated by normal relative displacement. In contrast, the secondary cracks were categorized as either shear mode or mode-III, which are dominated by tangential relative displacement. The geometry configurations of flaws affected both the coalescent mode and cracking path, which in turn influenced the failure mode of specimens. This study identified and summarized eight types of coalescent modes between double flaws. The findings presented in this paper contribute to a better understanding of the failure behavior of rock masses containing flaws subjected to compressive-shear loads.
An externally validated clinical-laboratory nomogram for myocardial involvement in adult idiopathic-inflammatory-myopathy patients
Authors: Liang Junyu , Wan Liyan , Yao Yake , Cui Xiao , He Ye , Li Shuangshuang , Jiang Mengdi , Sun Yiduo , Cao Heng , Lin Jin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Objectives
This study aimed at identifying clinical and laboratory risk factors for myocardial involvement (MI) in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) patients as well as constructing a risk-predicted nomogram for prediction and early identification of MI.

Methods
An IIMs cohort in southeastern China was constructed, including 504 adult IIMs patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and were hospitalized at four divisions of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine from January 1st 2018 to April 30st 2022. After dividing patients into the training cohort and the validation cohort, risk factors for MI were identified through least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression and multivariate logistic regression. A risk-predicted nomogram was established and validated internally and externally for discrimination, calibration and practicability.

Results
In this cohort, 17.7% of patients developed MI and the survival was significantly inferior to that of IIMs patients without MI (P < 0.001). In the training cohort, age > 55 years old (P < 0.001), disease activity > 10 points (P < 0.001), interleukin-17A (IL-17A) > 7.5 pg/ml (P < 0.001), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) > 425 U/L (P < 0.001), anti-mitochondrial antibodies (AMAs, P = 0.017), and anti-MDA5 antibody (P = 0.037) were significantly correlated with development of MI. A nomogram was established by including the above values to predict MI and was found efficient in discrimination, calibration, and practicability through internal and external validation.

Conclusion
This study developed and validated a nomogram model to predict the risk of MI in adult IIMs patients, which can benefit the prediction and early identification of MI as well as timely intervention in these patients.
From enterprise models to low-code applications: mapping DEMO to Mendix; illustrated in the social housing domain
Authors: Krouwel Marien R. , Op ’t Land Martin , Proper Henderik A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDue to hyper-competition, technological advancements, regulatory changes, etc, the conditions under which enterprises need to thrive become increasingly turbulent. Consequently, enterprise agility increasingly determines an enterprise’s chances for success. As software development often is a limiting factor in achieving enterprise agility, enterprise agility and software adaptability become increasingly intertwined. As a consequence, decisions that regard flexibility should not be left to software developers alone. By taking a Model-driven Software Development (MDSD) approach, starting from DEMO ontological enterprise models and explicit (enterprise) implementation design decisions, the aim of this research is to bridge the gap from enterprise agility to software adaptability, in such a way that software development is no longer a limiting factor in achieving enterprise agility. Low-code technology is a growing market trend that builds on MDSD concepts and claims to offer a high degree of software adaptability. Therefore, as a first step to show the potential benefits to use DEMO ontological enterprise models as a base for MDSD, this research shows the design of a mapping from DEMO models to Mendix for the (automated) creation of a low-code application that also intrinsically accommodates run-time implementation design decisions.
Computational Investigation of Vessel Injury Due to Catheter Tracking During Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Symes David G. , McNamara Laoise M. , Conway Claire 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCatheter reaction forces during transcatheter valve replacement (TAVR) may result in injury to the vessel or plaque rupture, triggering distal embolization or thrombosis. In vitro test methods represent the arterial wall using synthetic proxies to determine catheter reaction forces during tracking, but whether they can account for reaction forces within the compliant aortic wall tissue in vivo is unknown. Moreover, the role of plaque inclusions is not well understood. Computational approaches have predicted the impact of TAVR positioning, migration, and leaflet distortion, but have not yet been applied to investigate aortic wall reaction forces and stresses during catheter tracking. In this study, we investigate the role that catheter design and aorta and plaque mechanical properties have on the risk of plaque rupture during TAVR catheter delivery. We report that, for trackability testing, a rigid test model provides a reasonable estimation of the peak reaction forces experienced during catheter tracking within compliant vessels. We investigated the risk of rupture of both the aortic tissue and calcified plaques. We report that there was no risk of diseased aortic tissue rupture based on an accepted aortic tissue stress threshold (4.2 MPa). However, we report that both the aortic and plaque tissue exceed a rupture stress threshold (300 kPa) with and without the presence of stiff and soft plaque inclusions. We also highlight the potential risks associated with shorter catheter tips during catheter tracking and demonstrate that increasing the contact surface will reduce peak contact pressures experienced in the tissue.
Reactivation of hepatitis C virus caused by steroid monotherapy for sudden deafness
Authors: Kaneko Hiroki , Ozono Yoshinori , Iwakiri Hisayoshi , Hatada Hiroshi , Uchiyama Naomi , Komaki Yuri , Nakamura Kenichi , Hasuike Satoru , Nagata Kenji , Kawakami Hiroshi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHepatitis C virus (HCV) reactivation has been reported to be caused due to several anticancer drugs and immunosuppressive agents; however, HCV reactivation after steroid monotherapy has rarely been reported. Here, we report the case of a 65-year-old Japanese man with HCV infection who developed HCV reactivation after the administration of prednisolone (PSL) for 6 days for sudden deafness. In the patient history, the positivity for anti-HCV antibody was observed, but serum level of HCV RNA was not measured. Two months after PSL administration, the patient experienced an alanine aminotransferase (ALT) flare and the serum level of HCV RNA was observed to be 6.2 log IU/mL; then, the patient was admitted to our hospital for hepatitis treatment. Based on the clinical course and laboratory findings, the patient was diagnosed with HCV reactivation. Although the ALT levels decreased spontaneously during follow-up, they did not drop to normal range; subsequently, sofosbuvir and ledipasvir treatments were started. A sustained virological response 24 weeks after the end of treatment was achieved. This case study suggests that HCV reactivation with hepatitis flare can occur even after a steroid monotherapy, and doctors should pay attention to HCV reactivation when administering PSL for patients with HCV infection.
Combining shape-adaptive blades and active flow control in a multi-stage axial compressor: a numerical study
Authors: Seidler M. , Montano Z. , Mimic D. , Meinicke N. , Friedrichs J. , Riemenschneider J. , Seume J. R. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Shape adaption (SA) via piezo-ceramic actuation, and active flow control (AFC) by means of fluid injection and aspiration, are investigated within the Cluster of Excellence for Sustainable and Energy-Efficient Aviation (SE2A) with the goal of increasing the efficiency of multi-stage compressors—particularly at part-load, and of extending their operating range. Although both technologies have shown to be beneficial for the compressor off-design operation, drawbacks are still apparent at the aerodynamic design point when a single rotor or stator is equipped with SA or AFC, because of wake disturbances, which increase the incidence angle of the following row. Especially matching an improved component with its respective stage counterpart poses a major challenge in both research areas and is, therefore, addressed within this investigation. This work focuses on the first two stages of a high-pressure compressor, to compare and evaluate different combinations of shape adaption and active flow control. By considering structural requirements, such as a minimum blade thickness for the actuator application, and aerodynamic sensitivities, such as flow incidence and deviation due to off-design operation, a suitable configuration is derived and investigated in further detail.
Evolution of transplant oncology indications: a single-institution experience over 40 years
Authors: Lai Quirino , Parisse Simona , Ginanni Corradini Stefano , Ferri Flaminia , Kolovou Konstantina , Campagna Pasquale , Melandro Fabio , Mennini Gianluca , Merli Manuela , Rossi Massimo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractLiver transplantation (LT) for uncommon tumoral indications has changed across the decades, with impaired results reported in the first historical series mainly for non-tumoral-related causes. Recently, renewed interest in liver transplant oncology has been reported. The study aims to analyze a mono-center experience exploring the evolution and the impact on patient survival of LT in uncommon tumoral indications. A retrospective analysis of 851 LT performed during 1982–2023 was investigated. 33/851 (3.9%) uncommon tumoral indications were reported: hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) on non-cirrhotic liver (n = 14), peri-hilar (phCCA) (n = 8) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (i-CCA) (n = 3), metastatic disease (n = 4), hepatic hemangioendothelioma (n = 2), and benign tumor (n = 2). Uncommon tumoral indications were mainly transplanted during the period 1982–1989, with a complete disappearance after the year 2000 and a slight rise in the last years. Poor outcomes were reported: 5-year survival rates were 28.6%, 25.0%, 0%, and 0% in the case of HCC on non-cirrhotic liver, phCCA, i-CCA, and metastases, respectively. However, the cause of patient death was often related to non-tumoral conditions. LT for uncommon oncological diseases has increased worldwide in recent decades. Historical series report poor survival outcomes despite more recent data showing promising results. Hence, the decision to transplant these patients should be under the risk and overall benefit of the patient. The results of the ongoing protocol studies are expected to confirm the validity of the unconventional tumor indications.
Incipient tuberculosis: a comprehensive overview
Authors: Rotundo Salvatore , Tassone Maria Teresa , Serapide Francesca , Russo Alessandro , Trecarichi Enrico Maria 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn the context of the evolving global health landscape shaped by the COVID-19 pandemic, tuberculosis (TB) is gaining renewed attention as a reemerging threat even in low-endemic countries. Immunological tests such as the tuberculin skin test (TST) and interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) are pivotal in identifying tuberculosis infection (TBI). However, their inability to distinguish between past and ongoing infection poses a diagnostic challenge, possibly leading to the unnecessary treatment of a significant portion of the population with potential side effects. This review delves into the concept of incipient tuberculosis (ITB), a dynamic, presymptomatic stage characterized by heightened Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) metabolic activity and replication that result in minimal radiological changes, signifying a transitional state between TBI and TB. Key focus areas include epidemiological factors, underlying pathogenesis, imaging findings, and the ongoing challenges in the identification of individuals with ITB through the development of new biomarkers and the use of whole-genome sequencing-based analyses to implement early treatment strategies.
Fully accurate approximation of piecewise smooth functions using corrected B-spline quasi-interpolants
Authors: Li Zhilin , Pan Kejia , Ruiz Juan , Yáñez Dionisio F. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis article is devoted to introducing new spline quasi-interpolants for the sharp approximation of data in one and several dimensions. The new construction aims to obtain accurate approximations close to singularities of the function from which the data are obtained. The technique relies in an accurate knowledge of the position of the singularity, which can be known or approximated, and that allows for the obtention of accurate approximations of the jumps of the function and its derivatives at this point. With this information, it is possible to compute correction terms for the B-spline bases of the spline that are affected by the presence of singularities. The result is a piecewise smooth reconstruction with full accuracy (meaning by full accuracy, the accuracy of the spline at smooth zones). The numerical experiments presented support the theoretical results obtained.
A European survey of older peoples’ preferences, and perceived barriers and facilitators to inform development of a medication-related fall-prevention patient portal
Authors: Ploegmakers Kim J. , Linn A. J. , Medlock S. , Seppälä L. J. , Bahat G. , Caballero-Mora M. A. , Ilhan B. , Landi F. , Masud T. , Morrissey Y. , Ryg J. , Topinkova E. , van der Velde N. , van Weert J. C. M. ,   European Geriatric Medicine Society (EuGMS) Task and Finish group on Fall-Risk Increasing Drugs (FRIDs)
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Falls are a major and growing health care problem in older adults. A patient portal has the potential to provide older adults with fall-prevention advice to reduce fall-risk. However, to date, the needs and preferences regarding a patient portal in older people who have experienced falls have not been explored. This study assesses content preferences, potential barriers and facilitators with regard to using a patient portal, as perceived by older people who have experienced falls, and explores regional differences between European participants.

Methods
We conducted a survey of older adults attending an outpatient clinic due to a fall or fall-related injury, to explore their content preferences, perceived barriers, and facilitators with respect to a fall-prevention patient portal. Older adults (N = 121, 69.4% female, mean age: 77.9) were recruited from seven European countries.

Results
Almost two-thirds of respondents indicated they would use a fall-prevention patient portal. The portal would preferably include information on Fall-Risk-Increasing Drugs (FRIDs), and ways to manage other related/relevant medical conditions. Facilitators included a user-friendly portal, with easily accessible information and physician recommendations to use the portal. The most-commonly-selected barriers were privacy issues and usage fees. A family member’s recommendation to use the portal was seemingly more important for Southern and Eastern European participants compared to the other regions.

Conclusion
The majority of older people with lived falls experience expressed an interest in a fall-prevention patient portal providing personalized treatment advice to prevent further falls. The results will be used to inform the development of a fall-prevention patient portal. The fall-prevention patient portal is intended to be used in addition to a consultation with a physician. Future research is needed to explore how to prevent falls in older patients who are not interested in a fall-prevention patient portal.