bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endoscopic management of lesions of the sella turcica
Authors: Sethi Dharambir S. , Pillay Prem K. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe excellent visualization and minimally invasive surgical technique of endoscopic sinus surgery was applied to the management of 40 patients with sellar lesions. Endoscopic management of sellar lesions offers, not only the advantage of improved visualization, but also magnification, and a panoramic perspective of the important relationships of the sella turcica. In the past year, we have managed 40 subjects with sellar lesions, endoscopically: 38 patients had pituitary adenomas and two a craniopharyngioma.At our hospital, the endoscope has replaced the operating microscope for surgery for pituitary adenomas and other sellar lesions. The endoscopic approach to the sphenoid sinus and the sella is performed by an ENT surgeon and the ablative surgery performed by a neurosurgeon.Our experiences, using the endoscope to perform surgery on sellar and parasellar lesions, are reported and the advantages, over the operating microscope, which is traditionally used are discussed. The technique for endoscopic management of sellar lesions is described.
Squamous cell carcinoma in thyroglossal duct cyst
Authors: Deshpande Archana , Bobhate S. K. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAlthough a thyroglossal duct cyst (TDC) is a common cyst occurring in the neck, carcinomas arising in the TDC are a rare event. To date, approximately 100 cases have been reported, the majority of them being papillary carcinomas. Squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) are very rare, and Only nine cases have been reported so far in the literature.We present a 55-year-old female patient with a SCC in a TDC to highlight the clinical and pathological features of this condition.
Facial palsy due to tuberculosis: the value of CT
Authors: Hadfield P. J. , Shah B. K. , Glover G. W. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThis case report demonstrates the value of CT in the investigation of facial palsy due to tuberculous mastoiditis. This is the best imaging modality available for identifying features suggestive of tuberculosis, the disease extent, presence of complications and demonstration of anatomy prior to surgery.
Can ear irrigation cause rupture of the normal tympanic membrane?: an experimental study in man
Authors: SØRensen Vibeke Z. , Bonding Per 
Published: November 2007

AbstractRupture of the tympanic membrane (TM) during ear irrigation is a rare but unhappy event. In this study the maximum overpressures obtained in the deep part of the external auditory meatus (EAM) during ear irrigation were measured postmortem in 20 cadavers. The highest pressures were obtained in normal- or wide-dimension EAMs when a metal syringe was used. With this device the median maximum overpressure was 240 mmHg (range 200–300 mmHg). Experiments with simulation of an obturating wax plug did not increase the maximum overpressure. Compared with the lowest overpressures which can rupture TMs the pressures measured in this study were insufficient to rupture normal TMs but sufficient to rupture atrophic TMs with the lowest tensile strength. This finding may have medicolegal implications.
Analysis of recurrence after surgical treatment of advanced laryngeal carcinoma
Authors: Wing Yuen Anthony Po , Ming Ho Chiu , Ignace Wei William , Lam Lai Kun 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe pattern of recurrences after surgical treatment of 276 patients with stage T3 and T4 laryngeal carcinoma was reviewed. Nodal recurrence was the commonest site and occurred mainly in patients with supraglottic and transglottic carcinoma. Distant metastasis was the second commonest site of recurrence, and the most distant metastases developed without locoregional recurrence. Local recurrence alone was uncommon in patients treated with primary surgery.
Treatment of head and neck cancer with photodynamic therapy: results after one year
Authors: Dtlkes M. G. , DeJode M. L. , Gardiner Q. , Kenyon G. S. , McKelvie P. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) is a new and promising treatment modality for the treatment of malignant disease. This paper reports the preliminary experience of our group in the use of this therapy for the treatment of tumours arising in the head and neck. The majority of treatments in these cases have used a second generation systemic photosensitizer, meta-tetrahydroxyphenylchlorin (m-THPC). Two other cases were treated with either Photofrin 2 (a first generation systemic sensitizer) or with the topical photosensitizer, delta-aminolaevulinic acid (δ-ALA).The initial results have been encouraging with good clinical responses evident in patients presenting with a variety of differing tumour types. We feel there is now sufficient evidence of the efficacy of this treatment to warrant a multicentre prospective study into the treatment of early head and neck cancer with PDT.
An unusual case of deafness with speech impairment: lesson in diagnosis and management
Authors: Davies Rosalyn , Prashert Deepak , O'Sullivant Anne 
Published: November 2007

AbstractHearing impairment can be the cause of significant disability and handicap. This medico-legal case demonstrates the need for accurate assessment of both the severity and type of hearing loss if the best clinical management is to be provided. In particular, the case identifies the critical role of additional, objective auditory testing when pure tone audiometry, which depends on the subjective response of the individual, is inconsistent or indicates severe hearing impairment.
Long-term ventilation of the middle ear using a tympanotomy technique
Authors: Martin-Hirsch D. P. , Woodhead C. J. , Vize C. E. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe technique of long-term middle ear ventilation using a tympanotomy technique is presented. This has proved successful in the management of persistent middle ear effusion despite numerous previous short- and intermediate-term tympanic membrane ventilation tubes. The technique is particularly appropriate in the presence of severe tympanoscierosis as a result of previous tympanostomy tubes, posterior tympanic membrane collapse and adhesion, and atelectasis.
Sleep nasendoscopy: what benefit to the management of snorers?
Authors: Camilleri Andrew E. , Ramamurthy Laxmi , Jones Philip H. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIt has been proposed that sleep nasendoscopy (SN) will improve the success rate of the uvulopalatopharyngoplasty operation by identifying those patients with palatal snoring. The aim of this study was to test the efficacy of SN in the management of snorers who do not have obstructive sleep apnoea. This study compared a group of 26 snorers managed without SN (group A) to a group of 27 snorers managed with SN (group B). The post-operative results of group A were 61 per cent cured, 27 per cent better and 8 per cent unchanged. Group B results were 76 per cent cured, 19 per cent better and 5 per cent unchanged. However, if patients with only palatal snoring had surgery, the results for group B would have been 94 per cent cured, 6 per cent better and 0 per cent unchanged (95 per cent C.I. of difference +0.14,+0.54, p = 0.017). The results confirm the predictive power of SN in identifying success following uvulopalatopharyngoplasty. A simple grading system is suggested to aid in treatment planning. Patients are divided into three categories on SN: palatal snorers, mixed snorers and non-palatal (tongue base) snorers. It is proposed that uvulopalatopharyngoplasty may cure palatal snorers but mixed snorers will need additional therapies to eliminate their snoring although uvulopalatopharyngoplasty may improve the symptoms.
Pharyngeal trauma in children – accidental and otherwise
Authors: Tostevin P. M. J. , Hollis L. J. , Bailey C. M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPharyngeal perforation is an uncommon injury in children. Most reported cases to date have been secondary to instrumentation or penetrating wounds. Laceration to the pharyngeal wall may introduce air, secretions and bacteria into the parapharyngeal space and mediastinum and consequently has potentially life-threatening sequelae. The management of these injuries is controversial. We present a series of four children who suffered pharyngeal trauma, accidentally and otherwise, and discuss their management.We recommend a high index of suspicion of pharyngeal injury in all cases of oropharyngeal trauma and overnight admission to hospital for observation until an accurate diagnosis has been established. Non- accidental injury of the child must be seriously considered in all cases.
Unilateral hearing loss due to a rhabdomyoma in a six-year-old child
Authors: van Leeuwen J. P. P. M. , Pruszczynski M. , Marres H. A. M. , Grotenhuis J. A. , Cremers C. W. R. J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA case report of a six-year-old child is presented, who had had a unilateral sensorineural hearing loss for several years. Because of impairment in the ABR as well as in the caloric testing a MRI and CT scan were performed. A 17 mm tumour in the cerebellopontine angle (CPA) was detected, which after suboccipital surgery proved to be a rhabdomyoma. This tumour has not been described before in the CPA. Unilateral sensorineural hearing loss should, at all ages, be an indication for further (radiodiagnostic) investigations.
Pharyngo-oesophageal fistula following iatrogenic perforation of a pharyngeal pouch
Authors: Martin-Hirsch D. P. , Lannigan F. J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA unique, previously undescribed case of iatrogenic perforation of a pharyngeal pouch which resulted in pharyngo-oesophageal fistulation is described. The correct management of such complications is discussed.
Multiple oncocytic cysts of the larynx
Authors: Dhingra J. K. , Aqel N. M. , McEwen J. , Bleach N. R. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractOncocytic metaplasia in laryngeal epithelium is uncommon. Oncocytes have been described in the lining of laryngeal cysts and such cysts have been reported in the literature under a variety of names. There is an ongoing debate about the exact nature of ‘oncocytic cysts’, which tend to be solitary. An unusual case of multiple oncocytic cysts of the larynx is described. The pathology and treament are discussed.
Laryngotracheal separation under local anaesthesia for intractable salivary aspiration: cricoidectomy with fibrin glue support
Authors: Sone Michihiko , Nakashima Tsutomu , Yanagita Noriyuki 
Published: November 2007

AbstractChronic salivary aspiration can cause life-threatening pneumonia in a patient whose laryngeal function is completely lost. We report a patient who had laryngotracheal separation with cricoidectomy under local anaesthesia. The simplicity and reliability of the procedure were improved by using fibrin glue and the outcome was most satisfactory.
Septoplasty as a day-case procedure – a two centre study
Authors: Benson-Mitchell R. , Kenyon G. , Gatland D. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractDay-stay surgery is an integral part of Otolaryngology. Many procedures which have traditionally been thought to require overnight stay can be carried out on a day care basis. We report our experience of treating 163 patients admitted for septal surgery as a day-case procedure. The paper summarizes the experience of two centres. One of these is a London Teaching Hospital, where surgery was performed through a dedicated day-case unit, and the other is a District General Hospital where patients were admitted to a day-case unit but had their surgery on a routine in-patient list.As the result of this study we conclude that day-stay septoplasty is associated with a low complication rate and is a safe and acceptable procedure provided that strict selection criteria are followed. The cost implications are discussed.
Primary neuroblastoma of the facial nerve presenting as a recurrent facial paralysis
Authors: Fenton C. J. V. , Coddington R. , Ramsay A. D. , Garth R. J. N. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA case is described of a primary neuroblastoma of the facial nerve in a 13-year-old boy presenting with a recurrent facial paralysis. This tumour was excised preserving the nerve and followed with post-operative radiotherapy. The pathology of the tumour is described and facial nerve tumours briefly discussed as a cause of facial palsy. There have been no other cases of a primary neuroblastoma of the facial nerve arising at this site reported in the last 20 years.
Osteoma of the internal auditory canal: case report
Authors: Coakley D. J. , Turner J. , Fagan P. A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA 42-year-old man with normal hearing presented with a long history of vertigo and tinnitus. CT scan showed large osteomata of the internal auditory canal. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was normal. The osteomata were removed surgically via the retrosigmoid approach and examined histologically. His symptoms were abolished. As MRI has become the gold standard in the search for small acoustic tumours it is likely that symptomatic bony lesions, rare though they are, will be missed if MRI is the sole imaging modality. A review of the literature is included.
Schwannoma of the posterior pharyngeal wall: a case report
Authors: Haraguchi Hidetoshi , Ohgaki Tohru , Hentona Hitoshi , Komatsuzaki Atsushi 
Published: November 2007

AbstractSchwannoma arising in the posterior pharyngeal wall is rare. We report on a 60-year-old man who complained of discomfort in his pharynx, from whom a tumour was excised via an intraoral approach. No recurrence was seen after an 11-year follow-up. The nerve origin of the tumour is most likely to be the peripharyngeal plexus. This is the third such case reported.
Metastatic masseter muscle tumour: a report of a case
Authors: Nakagawa Hajime , Mizukami Yukiko , Kimura Hiroshi , Watanabe Yukio , Kuwayama Naoya 
Published: November 2007

AbstractBoth primary and metastatic malignancies of the masseter muscle are rare. We report a case of metastatic renal cell carcinoma to the masseter muscle. It was incidentally found as a hypervascular mass in carotid angiography for delineating a recurrent metastatic brain tumour. Prior to surgical removal, intravascular embolization via the left facial artery was performed in order to decrease intra-operative bleeding. The tumour was removed with minimum damage to the muscle fibres by the extraoral method, followed by a transient lower lip palsy. Metastatic intramuscular tumours, which are assumed to be due to haematogenous spread, are generally a sign of poor prognosis.
Rectal carcinoma metastatic to the thyroid gland
Authors: Mesko Thomas W. , Friedman Julie , Sendzischew Harry , Nixon Daniel D. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractClinically evident metastases to the thyroid gland are rarely found antemortem. A case of a 59-year-old woman with a history of rectal carcinoma, who presented with low back pain and a mass in the right lobe of her thyroid gland, is presented. The tumour of the thyroid was found to be metastatic adenocarcinoma from her previous rectal cancer. Other synchronous metastases were noted in her lumbar spine and kidneys.The clinical finding of metastases to the thyroid gland is rare, particularly from a colorectal primary. One must consider, however, the possibility of a tumour of the thyroid gland representing a secondary malignancy in any patient with a prior history of cancer.
Bilateral hairy polyp of the oropharynx
Authors: Franco V. , Florena A. M. , Lombardo F. , Restivo S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractHairy polyp of the nasopharynx is an unusual but well-recognized entity, generally presenting as a single mass at birth or in the first year of life. We describe the clinico-pathological features of a previously unreported bilateral hairy polyp in an adult and briefly discuss the pathogenesis of this condition.
Glycerol and ichthammol: medicinal solution or mythical potion?
Authors: Nilssen E. , Wormald P. J. , Oliver S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractGlycerol and ichthammol (G & I) has been used for generations by otologists. However, there is a paucity of information on both its mode of action and its anti-bacterial properties. The aim of this paper was to ascertain firstly, what the most common organisms found in discharging ears were and secondly, what antibacterial activity G & I had against these organisms. All ear swabs from 1992–1994 in our unit were reviewed to ascertain the prevalence of the commonly isolated organisms. Fresh isolates of these organisms were collected and plated onto agar with wells of glycerol, ichthammol and a combination of both as used in clinical practice. The diameters of the zones of inhibition observed after incubation were measured in millimetres. Common isolates were:Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Staphylococcus aureus,Proteus mirabalis,Streptococcus pyogenesin descending order of frequency. Pure glycerol showed no significant zones of inhibition against any of the organisms tested. The average zones of inhibition for G & I and ichthammol alone were forStaphylococcus aureus15 mm and 18 mm and forStreptococcus pyogenes: 16 mm and 23 mm. Ichthammol alone was significantly more effective than G & I (p<0.001). There was no significant activity againstProteus mirabalisandPseudomonas aeruginosa. The therapeutic benefit of G & I is due in part to the inherent anti-bacterial activity of ichthammol against the Gram positive organisms as well as its anti-inflammatory action and the dehydrating effect of the glycerol.
Craniometaphyseal and craniodiaphyseal dysplasia, head and neck manifestations and management
Authors: Richards Aurelia , Brain Caroline , Dillon M. J. , Bailey C. M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractCraniometaphyseal and craniodiaphyseal dysplasia are rare genetic disorders of bone due to modelling errors of long bones and skull bones. These syndromes present with multiple ENT symptomatology from an early age. The diagnostic distinction can now be made radiologically by serial skeletal survey which is important for prognosis. We review the clinical, radiological, computed tomography (CT) scan, otological, audiological and histopathological findings in two cases with craniodiaphyseal, and two cases with craniometaphyseal dysplasia, and report our experiences of medical and surgical treatment to date.In the craniodiaphyseal dysplasia, the hearing abnormality progressed from an initial conductive to a mixed loss on serial audiometric follow up. Temporal bone CT scans showed narrowing of the middle ear cavity, internal auditory meatus, and facial nerve canal at the geniculate ganglion. Benefits from choanal stenosis surgery, craniofacial remodelling and dacrocystorhinostomy were shortlived. Calcitriol therapy with a low calcium diet did not alter the clinical course of progression in our cases. The underlying defect, causing net bone formation in these phenotypically similar syndromes, appears to be different when based on the differing biochemical responses to calcitriol and bone biopsy findings. Increased numbers of osteoblasts were found in bone biopsies from both cases with craniodiaphyseal dysplasia.Early recognition is crucial in these conditions as therapy directed at the underlying bony defect has the best chance of success if initiated in infancy (Cole et al., 1988; Fanconi et al., 1988; Key et al., 1988).
Bilateral ventricular neurofibroma of the larynx
Authors: Koc Can , Luxenberger Wolfgang , Humer Ursula , Friedrich Gerhard 
Published: November 2007

AbstractLaryngeal neurofibroma (LNF) is an unusual tumour and only approximately two dozen cases have been reported previously. Isolated LNF not associated with von Recklinghausen's disease is even more unusual. According to a review of the available literature, the case presented is the first bilateral one and the first originating from the ventricles. The tumour was removed completely by microlaryngoscopy without tracheostomy. The macroscopic and light macroscopic findings are presented and a review of the literature on neurogenic tumours in the larynx is presented.
Endoscopic control of posterior epistaxis
Authors: Elwany Samy , Abdel-Fatah Hesham 
Published: November 2007

AbstractControl of bleeding vessels by suction cautery under endoscopic vision was used on 38 patients suffering from posterior epistaxis. Twelve patients also required the insertion of nasal tampons at the end of the cautery procedure. Eight patients, six of them hypertensive, had recurrent epistaxis post-operatively. Five patients needed further cautery in order to control the bleeding. Three patients required temporary balloon tamponade, and a single patient had internal maxillary ligation. Temporary palatal numbness in three patients was the only post-operative complication. Otherwise, the technique has the potential advantages of simplicity, safety, effectiveness and simplified post-operative care.
Expression of Ki-67 antigen and proliferative cell nuclear antigen in benign and malignant epithelial lesions of the larynx
Authors: Zidar Nina , Gale Nina , Cör Andrej , Kambič Vinko 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIn an attempt to analyse the proliferative activity in benign and malignant laryngeal epithelial lesions, and to determine the relationship to their histologic grade, we studied the expression of proliferative cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and Ki-67 antigen on 20 squamous carcinomas, and on 30 biopsies of epithelial hyperplasia categorized according to the Kambiˇ-Lenart classification into simple, abnormal, and atypical hyperplasias. In simple hyperplasia, both antibodies stained the nuclei of the occasional cells in the basal layer. In abnormal hyperplasia (mild dysplasia), positive cells occupied up to a third, and in atypical hyperplasia (moderate and severe dysplasia) they occupied from two-thirds to the entire epithelial thickness. In squamous carcinoma, we have found a statistically significant correlation between its grade and the percentage of Ki-67-(p<0.01) and PCNA-(p<0.00001) positive cells. Our results suggest that the proliferative fraction progressively increases with the degree of epithelial hyperplasia and the grade of carcinoma. We conclude that the patterns of immunoreactivity to PCNA and Ki-67 antigen correspond to the histologic grade of both benign and malignant epithelial lesions of the larynx. This method should be regarded as a useful adjunct to traditional histological techniques allowing more objective grading of benign and malignant epithelial lesions.
Per-operative antibiotic/steroid prophylaxis of tympanostomy tube otorrhoea: chemical or mechanical effect?
Authors: Shinkwin C. A. , Murty G. E. , Simo R. , Jones N. S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe per-operative instillation of ototopical antibiotic/steroid drops reduces the incidence of early otorrhoea after tympanostomy tube insertion. Whether this is due to the chemical properties of the antibiotic/steroid or simply the mechanical instillation of fluid is unclear. In this paired matched study of 161 subjects Gentisone HC was shown to significantly reduce the otorrhoea rate compared to normal saline (1.24 per cent compared with 9.32 per cent, p<0.005, difference 8.07 per cent, 95 per cent confidence interval for difference 3.21 per cent to 12.93 per cent). Capillary viscosimetry proved Gentisone HC to be more viscous than normal saline. The benefits are due to Gentisone HC's chemical properties, and Gentisone HC rather than normal saline instillation per-operatively is recommended when tympanostomy tubes are inserted.