bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seventy-two hour gas exchange performance and hemodynamic properties of NOVALUNG®iLA as a gas exchanger for arteriovenous carbon dioxide removal
Authors: Zhou Xiaoqin , Loran David B , Wang Dongfang , Hyde Brannon R , Lick Scott D , Zwischenberger Joseph B 
Published: November 2005

Objective: Acute respiratory failure is complicated by acidosis and altered end-organ perfusion. NOVA-LUNG®iLA is an interventional lung assist (ILA) device for arteriovenous carbon dioxide removal (AVCO2R). The present study was conducted to evaluate the device for short-term CO2 removal performance and hemodynamic response. Methods: Six adult sheep received cannulation of the jugular vein and carotid artery. The ILA-AVCO2R circuit was placed on the sheep for 72 hours. Hemodynamics and PaCO2 were measured; CO2 removal was calculated while varying sweep gas flow rates (Qg), device blood flow rates (Qb), and PaCO2. Results: Hemo-dynamic variables remained normal throughout the 72 hour study. CO2 removal increased with increases in Qgor Qb. Mean CO2 removal was 119.3 ml/min for Qb 1L/min, Qg 5 L/min, and PaCO2 40 - 50 mmHg.PaCO2 was directly proportional to CO2 clearance (R-0.72, p B/0.001). Conclusion: NOVALUNG®iLA can provide near total CO2 removal with Qb 1 - 2 L/min,Qg 5 L/min, and minimal flow resistance (3.889/0.82 mmHg/L/min). PaCO2 correlates with CO2 removal and is dependent on Qb and Qg.
Psychosocial Effects of Harboring an Untreated Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysm
Authors: Towgood Karren , Ogden Jenni A. , Mee Edward 
Published: November 2005

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:
The primary purpose of the study was to investigate the psychosocial effects of harboring a known but untreated unruptured intracranial aneurysm (UIA), information considered important to the decision of whether to treat or not treat an unruptured aneurysm.

METHODS:
Over a 24–month period, 70 Auckland Hospital patients with UIAs were identified. Of these, 30 completed treatment, 2 patients died before treatment, and 38 were either not treated or treatment was unable to be completed during the time frame of the study. Of this group of 38 untreated UIA patients, 23 were enrolled in the study and were assessed on a brief cognitive screen and a battery of psychosocial measures. Their performance was compared with a group of 26 treated UIA patients.

RESULTS:
Poorer functioning was reported by the untreated UIA group on most psychosocial measures when compared with the treated UIA group 6 months posttreatment, and 36% of untreated UIA patients presented with a pattern of significant psychosocial impairment when compared with the treated UIA group. Qualitative data from the current study suggested that a factor contributing to the poorer reported psychosocial functioning in the untreated group was past or current fear about their untreated UIA.

CONCLUSION:
A decrease in overall quality of life was found to be associated with harboring an identified but untreated UIA. Findings from the current study suggest that further investigation of psychosocial outcome in other groups of untreated UIA patients is warranted. Results also suggest that some untreated UIA patients might benefit from psychological intervention.
Evaluation of Fractionated Radiotherapy and Gamma Knife Radiosurgery in Cavernous Sinus Meningiomas: Treatment Strategy
Authors: Metellus Philipe , Regis Jean , Muracciole Xavier , Fuentes Stephane , Dufour Henry , Nanni Isabelle , Chinot Oliver , Martin Pierre-Marie , Grisoli Francois 
Published: November 2005

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:
To investigate the respective role of fractionated radiotherapy (FR) and gamma knife stereotactic (GKS) radiosurgery in cavernous sinus meningioma (CSM) treatment.

METHODS:
The authors report the long-term follow-up of two populations of patients harboring CSMs treated either by FR (Group I, 38 patients) or GKS radiosurgery (Group II, 36 patients). There were 31 females with a mean age of 53 years in Group I and 29 females with a mean age of 51.2 years in Group II. In 20 patients (Group I) and 13 patients (Group II), FR and GKS radiosurgery were performed as an adjuvant treatment. In 18 patients (Group I) and in 23 patients (Group II), FR and GKS radiosurgery were performed as first line treatment. In our early experience with GKS radiosurgery (1992, date of gamma knife availability in the department), patients with tumors greater than 3 cm, showing close relationship with the optic apparatus (&lt;3 mm) or skull base dural spreading, were treated by FR. Secondarily, with the advent of new devices and our growing experience, these criteria have evolved.

RESULTS:
The median follow-up period was 88.6 months (range, 42–168 mo) for Group I and 63.6 months (range, 48–92 mo) for Group II. According to Sekhar's classification, 26 (68.4%) patients were Grade III to IV in Group I and 10 (27.8%) patients in Group II (P &lt; 0.05); 23 (60.5%) patients had extensive lesions in Group I and 7 (19.4%) patients in Group II (P &lt; 0.05). Mean tumor volume was 13.5 cm3 in Group I and 5.2 cm3 in Group II (P &lt; 0.05). Actuarial progression-free survival was 94.7% and 94.4% in Group I and II, respectively. Clinically, improvement was seen for 24 (63.2%) patients in Group I and for 21 (53.8%) patients in Group II (P &gt; 0.05). Radiologically, 11 (29%, Group I) patients and 19 (Group II, 52.7%) patients showed tumor shrinkage (P = 0.04). Transient morbidity was 10.5% in Group I and 2.8% in Group II. Permanent morbidity was 2.6% in Group I and 0% in Group II.

CONCLUSION:
FR and GKS radiosurgery are safe and efficient techniques in treatment of CSMs, affording comparable satisfactory long-term tumor control. However, GKS radiosurgery provides better radiological response, is far more convenient, and fits into most patients lives much better than FR. Therefore, in the authors' opinion, GKS radiosurgery should be advocated in first intention for patients with CSMs, whereas conventional radiotherapy should be reserved for cases that are not amenable to this technique, thus making these two therapeutic modalities not alternative but complementary tools in CS meningioma treatment strategy.
Intracranial Pressure Response to Induced Hypertension: Role of Dynamic Pressure Autoregulation
Authors: Hlatky Roman , Valadka Alex B. , Robertson Claudia S. 
Published: November 2005

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:
Induced hypertension is commonly used to improve cerebral perfusion, but this treatment may have the deleterious side effect of raising intracranial pressure (ICP). We tested the hypothesis that dynamic pressure autoregulation testing could identify patients who might develop increased ICP during induced hypertension.

METHODS:
Twenty-two studies were performed in 21 patients. Baseline dynamic testing of autoregulation by cuff deflation and carotid compression techniques was performed. After phenylephrine was infused to increase mean arterial pressure by 20 to 30 mm Hg, cuff deflation tests were repeated.

RESULTS:
The average increase in mean arterial pressure was 32.2 ± 16.1 mm Hg. This increase was accompanied by increased flow velocity (P &lt; 0.001), brain tissue PO2 (P = 0.011), and regional cerebral blood flow (P = 0.008). Also, dynamic pressure autoregulation consistently improved (P = 0.015). Induced hypertension caused increased ICP (iICP) in 12 patients and a decrease in ICP (dICP) in 9. Baseline jugular venous oxygen saturation in the iICP group was 82 ± 10% compared with 70 ± 10% in dICP patients (P = 0.02). Baseline dynamic autoregulatory index for the cuff deflation tests (1.8 ± 1.4) and baseline transient hyperemic response ratio for the carotid compression tests (1.11 ± 0.07) were significantly lower in iICP patients (dICP group: autoregulatory index 3.2 ± 1.7, P = 0.06; transient hyperemic response ratio 1.26 ± 0.11, P = 0.009). Flow velocity increased more with the increase in blood pressure in the iICP group than in the dICP group: 19.0 ± 6.8 cm/s versus 10.2 ± 6.3 cm/s (P = 0.007).

CONCLUSION:
The patients who had an increase in ICP with induced hypertension had a greater degree of impairment of autoregulation and induced hypertension resulted in a greater increase in flow velocity.
Spinal Cord Stimulation Electrode Design: A Prospective, Randomized, Controlled Trial Comparing Percutaneous with Laminectomy Electrodes: Part II–Clinical Outcomes
Authors: North Richard B. , Kidd David H. , Petrucci Loredana , Dorsi Michael J. 
Published: November 2005

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:
Spinal cord stimulation, in use for more than 30 years, has evolved into an easily implemented technique involving percutaneous or laminectomy electrode placement. In a randomized comparison of four-contact percutaneous and four-contact insulated laminectomy electrodes placed at the same level in the dorsal, epidural midline, quantitative measures of stimulator performance revealed significant technical advantages for the laminectomy electrodes. Our prospective, randomized, controlled trial compares clinical results in these same patients.

METHODS:
Impartial third parties followed our series of 24 patients with failed back surgery syndrome to gather clinical outcome data. We defined “success” as at least 50% sustained relief of pain and patient satisfaction with the result of treatment.

RESULTS:
At a mean follow-up of 1.9 years, 10 of 12 patients receiving the laminectomy electrode and 5 of 12 patients receiving the percutaneous electrode reported a successful outcome (P &lt; 0.05). Follow-up at a mean of 2.9 years showed that this result was maintained in 5 of 12 patients with the laminectomy electrode and 3 of 12 with the percutaneous electrode (not statistically significant). Many patients reported improvements in most activities of daily living, and loss of function was rare. In addition, 9 patients with laminectomy electrodes and 4 with percutaneous electrodes reducted or eliminated analgesic intake (P &lt; 0.05), and 2 returned to work. No electrode migration was observed.

CONCLUSION:
Laminectomy electrode placement, although more invasive than percutaneous placement, yields significantly better clinical results in patients with failed back surgery syndrome at mean 1.9 years follow-up. In our small sample, however, the statistical significance of this advantage disappeared at mean 2.9 years follow-up.
Expression of Structural Proteins and Angiogenic Factors in Normal Arterial and Unruptured and Ruptured Aneurysm Walls
Authors: Kılıc Türker , Sohrabifar Mehran , Kurtkaya Özlem , Yildirim Özlem , Elmaci Ilhan , Günel Murat , Pamir M Necmettin 
Published: November 2005

AbstractOBJECTIVE:To identify differences in the expression of certain structural proteins and angiogenic growth factors in vessel tissues that represent different phases of the process of intracranial aneurysm formation and rupture: normal vessel wall, intact (unruptured) aneurysm wall, and ruptured vessel wall.METHODS:The novel study design involved 10 pairs of specimens (ruptured and unruptured aneurysm wall) obtained perioperatively during clipping operations in 10 patients with multiple aneurysms. All surgeries were performed within 5 days of subarachnoid hemorrhage. As controls, five circle of Willis specimens were obtained from five cadavers. Sections of each of the 25 specimens were separately immunostained for five structural proteins (collagen Types III and IV, α-smooth muscle actin, fibronectin, and laminin) and three angiogenic factors (vascular endothelial growth factor, basic fibroblast growth factor, and transforming growth factor-α). Levels of expression for each protein and factor were graded, and the average grades for each tissue group were recorded and compared.RESULTS:Among the structural proteins studied, fibronectin specifically is densely expressed in ruptured aneurysms, which is graded as 2.0. However, its expression is less prominent both in nonaneurysmal vessel wall (Grade 1.0) and unruptured aneurysm vessel wall (Grade 1.1). Contrary to fibronectin, laminin is more intensely and regularly expressed in normal vessel wall (Grade 2.7) than in ruptured (Grade 1.1) and unruptured (Grade 1.0) aneurysmal specimens. Among the angiogenic growth factors studied, transforming growth factor-α shows a peculiar grading of staining, different from the other two angiogenic factors examined, so that it is more highly expressed in normal circle of Willis specimens (Grade 2.1) than in unruptured and ruptured aneurysm walls, graded as 0.5 and 0.6, respectively.CONCLUSION:Normal vessel wall, unruptured aneurysm wall, and ruptured aneurysm wall exhibit different levels and patterns of expression for the structural proteins and regulator growth factors investigated. If one accepts the premise that immunohistochemical study has its inherent methodological problems, these results suggest that the biological mediators of aneurysm formation in a vessel wall differ from those of the biological mediators of aneurysm rupture. There was a novel finding related to fibronectin and laminin: the results indicated that a rise in the fibronectin-to-laminin ratio in an unruptured aneurysm wall may contribute to rupture. A drop in transforming growth factor-α expression in a vessel wall may also contribute to aneurysm formation.
Detection of Root Avulsion in the Dominant C7 Obstetric Brachial Plexus Lesion: Experience with Three-dimensional Constructive Interference in Steady-state Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Electrophysiology
Authors: van Ouwerkerk Willem J.R. , Strijers Rob L.M. , Barkhof Frederik , Umans Ulco , Vandertop W Peter 
Published: November 2005

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:
Preoperative, reliable detection by ancillary investigations of spinal nerve root avulsions in infants with severe obstetric brachial plexus lesions to avoid ineffective operative repair from deceivingly intact but actually avulsed nerve roots.

METHODS:
Ten infants were selected with an infrequent, severe dominant C7 lesion, primarily because of the anatomically distinct supraclavicular course of this spinal nerve. Three-dimensional constructive interference in steady-state magnetic resonance imaging (3D CISS MRI) studies under mild sedation were performed and evaluated for detection of avulsed nerve roots by two experienced neuroradiologists. Preoperative electrodiagnostics (electromyography and somatosensory evoked potentials) as well as intraoperative somatosensory potentials and muscle contractions after electrostimulation were recorded. Preoperative and intraoperative ancillary investigations were correlated with intraoperative findings in eight patients and clinical status in two children who recovered spontaneously.

RESULTS:
Despite two minor motion artifacts, the quality of the 3D CISS MRI studies was good. In 8 of 10 patients, prediction of root continuity was consistent with operative or clinical findings, and 2 remained doubtful. Preoperative and intraoperative electrodiagnostics tended not to correlate with intraoperative findings in this small, selected group.

CONCLUSION:
3D CISS MRI provides good images of anterior and posterior spinal roots in infants with obstetric brachial plexus lesions. Images seem to allow accurate prediction of root avulsion in the majority of patients. In this study, electrodiagnostics were of limited value.
Synthesis of Noncyclic Carriers for Cerium Ion Transport through Polymer Inclusion Membrane
Authors: Hiratani Kazuhisa , Kusumocahyo Samuel Puriyantoro , Kameta Naohiro , Sugaya Kenta , Shinbo Toshio , Kanamori Toshiyuki 
Published: November 2005

Abstract
Noncyclic ionophores having both diphenylphosphinyl methylcarbamoyl and N,N-di(2-ethylhexyl)carbamoylmethoxy groups were synthesized for cerium ion transport through polymer inclusion membrane. The derivative of 3-aminopropanol having these groups was found to be an excellent carrier over 2-aminoethanol derivatives.
A New Method for the Preparation of Nitrogen-containing Cyclic Compounds from p-Nitrobenzenesulfonamide and Alkyl Bis(diphenylphosphinite)s by Oxidation–Reduction Condensation Using 1-Azidoadamantane
Authors: Mukaiyama Teruaki , Kuroda Kiichi , Aoki Hidenori 
Published: November 2005

Abstract
A new and efficient method was established for the preparation of nitrogen-containing cyclic compounds from p-nitrobenzenesulfonamide, bisphosphinites, and 1-azidoadamantane in good yields under neutral conditions.
Structure and Magnetic Property of an Octadecanuclear Cu(II) Complex
Authors: Shiga Takuya , Maruyama Kazuya , Han Lingqin , Oshio Hiroki 
Published: November 2005

Abstract
A reaction of copper acetate with a phosphate salt of pentadentate ligand yielded octadecanuclear complex, [Cu18(Hbeamp)6(PO4)8]·C3H7OH·24H2O (H3beamp = 2,6-bis[N-(2-hydroxyethyl)aminomethyl]-4-methylphenol), in which Cu(II) ions were bridged by alkoxo, phenoxo, and phosphate groups. Magnetic susceptibility measurements revealed the presence of antiferromagnetic interaction through bridges.
An Efficient Adsorption–Desorption System for Hydrophobic Phenolic Pollutants—Combined Use of Mono-6-amino-α-cyclodextrin and Cation Exchanger
Authors: Fukazawa Yasuaki , Pluemsab Weeranuch , Sakairi Nobuo , Furuike Tetsuya 
Published: November 2005

Abstract
A simple and efficient method to remove hydrophobic phenolic pollutants from aqueous solutions has been investigated using the inclusion ability and cationic property of mono(6-amino-6-deoxy)-α-cyclodextrin (ACD) and a cation exchanger. The inclusion complexes of nonylphenol and bisphenol A with ACD were almost completely adsorbed onto a column of a cation exchanger and desorbed with diluted aqueous ammonia solution. Moreover, bisphenol A was also adsorbed on a column of the cation exchanger that was pretreated with ACD.
X-ray Absorption Study on the Dominance of Sb(V) as Secondary Antimony Species in Soil
Authors: Mitsunobu Satoshi , Harada Teppei , Hoshino Kenichi , Takahashi Yoshio 
Published: November 2005

Abstract
Determination of the oxidation state of Sb by X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy was conducted to soil samples in natural mine tailing and laboratory experiments. It was found that Sb was in oxidized form, Sb(V), rather than Sb(III) in soil under reductive condition in laboratory experiments (Eh = −222 mV, pH 5.2) and in natural mine tailing samples (Eh = −17 mV, pH 7.7). These results suggested that Sb exists dominantly as Sb(V) in soil under wide range of natural redox conditions.
Preparation of Transparent Thin Film of Novel Apatite-based Photocatalyst
Authors: Yoshida Naoya , Ishida Tomoko , Saiki Chieko , Wakamura Masato , Ohsaki Hisashi , Hashimoto Kazuhito , Watanabe Toshiya 
Published: November 2005

Abstract
Novel apatite-based photocatalyst (TiHAP) films have been prepared by wet process. The films have high transparency with little infringing color. SEM, XPS, and UV–vis analyses were carried out, and it was revealed that the obtained films were similar to TiHAP powder. The films showed photocatalytic activity against adsorbed Methylene Blue and gaseous isopropyl alcohol and no photoinduced hydrophilicity.
Epigenetic Modification Is Central to Genome Reprogramming in Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer
Authors: Armstrong Lyle , Lako Majlinda , Dean Wendy , Stojkovic Miodrag 
Published: November 2005

AbstractThe recent high-profile reports of the derivation of human embryonic stem cells (ESCs) from human blastocysts produced by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) have highlighted the possibility of making autologous cell lines specific to individual patients. Cell replacement therapies have much potential for the treatment of diverse conditions, and differentiation of ESCs is highly desirable as a means of producing the ranges of cell types required. However, given the range of immunophenotypes of ESC lines currently available, rejection of the differentiated cells by the host is a potentially serious problem. SCNT offers a means of circumventing this by producing ESCs of the same genotype as the donor. However, this technique is not without problems because it requires resetting of the gene expression program of a somatic cell to a state consistent with embryonic development. Some remodeling of parental DNA does occur within the fertilized oocyte, but the somatic genome presented in a radically different format to those of the gametes. Hence, it is perhaps unsurprising that many genes are expressed aberrantly within “cloned” embryos and the ESCs derived from them. Epigenetic modification of the genome through DNA methylation and covalent modification of the histones that form the nucleosome is the key to the maintenance of the differentiated state of the cell, and it is this that must be reset during SCNT. This review focuses on the mechanisms by which this is achieved and how this may account for its partial failure in the “cloning” process. We also highlight the potential dangers this may introduce into ESCs produced by this technology.
Accumulated Chromosomal Instability in Murine Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Leads to Malignant Transformation
Authors: Miura Masako , Miura Yasuo , Padilla-Nash Hesed M. , Molinolo Alfredo A. , Fu Baojin , Patel Vyomesh , Seo Byoung-Moo , Sonoyama Wataru , Zheng Jenny J. , Baker Carl C. , Chen Wanjun , Ried Thomas , Shi Songtao 
Published: November 2005

Abstract
Despite recent emerging evidence suggesting that cancer stem cells subsist in a variety of tumors, it is not yet fully elucidated whether postnatal stem cells are directly involved in tumorigenesis. We used murine bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) as a model to test a hypothesis that tumorigenesis may originate from spontaneous mutation of stem cells. In this study, we demonstrated that murine BMMSCs, after numerous passages, obtained unlimited population doublings and proceeded to a malignant transformation state, resulting in fibrosarcoma formation in vivo. Transformed BMMSCs colonized to multiple organs when delivered systemically through the tail vein. Fibrosarcoma cells formed by transformed BMMSCs contained cancer progenitors, which were capable of generating colony clusters in vitro and fibrosarcoma in vivo by the second administration. The mechanism by which BMMSCs transformed to malignant cells was associated with accumulated chromosomal abnormalities, gradual elevation in telomerase activity, and increased c-myc expression. Moreover, BMMSCs and their transformed counterpart, fibrosarcoma-forming cells, demonstrated different sensitivity to anti-cancer drugs. BMMSCs/fibrosarcoma transformation system may provide an ideal system to elucidate the mechanism of how stem cells become cancer cells and to screen anti-sarcoma drugs.