bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Failure model for heterogeneous structures using structured meshes and accounting for probability aspects
Authors: Hautefeuille M. , Melnyk S. , Colliat J.B. , Ibrahimbegovic A. 
Published: March 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to discuss the inelastic behavior of heterogeneous structures within the framework of finite element modelling, by taking into the related probabilistic aspects of heterogeneities.Design/methodology/approachThe paper shows how to construct the structured FE mesh representation for the failure modelling for such structures, by using a building‐block of a constant stress element which can contain two different phases and phase interface. All the modifications which are needed to enforce for such an element in order to account for inelastic behavior in each phase and the corresponding inelastic failure modes at the phase interface are presented.FindingsIt is demonstrated by numerical examples that the proposed structured FE mesh approach is much more efficient from the non‐structured mesh representation. This feature is of special interest for probabilistic analysis, where a large amount of computation is needed in order to provide the corresponding statistics. One such case of probabilistic analysis is considered in this work where the geometry of the phase interface is obtained as the result of the Gibbs random process.Originality/valueThe paper confirms that one can make the most appropriate interpretation of the heterogeneous structure properties by taking into account the fine details of the internal structure, along with the related probabilistic aspects with the proper source of randomness, such as the one addressed herein in terms of porosity.
Nonlinear impact dynamics and field transfer suitable for parametric design studies
Authors: Ibrahimbegovic Adnan , Hervé Guillaume , Villon Pierre 
Published: March 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide the methodology for structural design of complex massive structures under impact by a large airplane.Design/methodology/approachUsing case studies, the issues related to multi‐scale modelling of inelastic damage mechanisms for massive structures are discussed, as well as the issues pertaining to the time integration schemes in presence of different scales in time variation of different sub‐problems, brought by a particular nature of loading with a very short duration) and finally the issues related to model reduction seeking to provide an efficient and yet sufficiently reliable basis for parametric studies which are an indispensable part of a design procedure.FindingsSeveral numerical simulations are presented in order to further illustrate the approaches proposed herein. Concluding remarks are stated regarding the current and future research in this domain.Originality/valueProposed design procedure for complex massive engineering structures under impact by a large airplane provides on one side a very reliable representation of inelastic damage mechanisms and external loading represented by the solution of the corresponding contact/impact problem, and on the other side a very efficient basis obtained by model reduction for performing the parametric design studies.
Multiscale in time and stability analysis of operator split solution procedures applied to thermomechanical problems
Authors: Kassiotis C. , Colliat J.‐B. , Ibrahimbegovic A. , Matthies H.G. 
Published: March 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to study the partitioned solution procedure for thermomechanical coupling, where each sub‐problem is solved by a separate time integration scheme.Design/methodology/approachIn particular, the solution which guarantees that the coupling condition will preserve the stability of computations for the coupled problem is studied. The consideration is further generalized for the case where each sub‐problem will possess its particular time scale which requires different time step to be selected for each sub‐problem.FindingsSeveral numerical simulations are presented to illustrate very satisfying performance of the proposed solution procedure and confirm the theoretical speed‐up of computations which follow from the adequate choice of the time step for each sub‐problem.Originality/valueThe paper confirms that one can make the most appropriate selection of the time step and carry out the separate computations for each sub‐problem, and then enforce the coupling which will preserve the stability of computations with such an operator split procedure.
The impact of name changes on company value
Authors: Mase Bryan 
Published: March 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of name changes on the value of UK companies. Previous research in the USA suggests that there is little effect associated with a name change, except for a small sample of Dot Com companies.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses an event study methodology to measure the short‐term abnormal returns associated with the announcement of company name changes. It uses a calendar time methodology to measure the corresponding long‐term abnormal returns. It distinguishes between amendments and radical name changes, as well as those that signal that a firm is diversifying or re‐focusing.FindingsContrary to the existing research, there is evidence of consistent abnormal returns following name change announcements, particularly when a distinction is made between amendments and radical name changes, and whether the name change reflects a company that is diversifying or re‐focusing.Research limitations/implicationsThis research suggests that companies should reflect on the nature of a proposed name change. Company name changes that drop part of an existing name are not well received by shareholders, whereas those that add to the existing name are. In addition, adding or dropping the term “group” from a company's name can also have considerable effects on the share price, both in the short and long run.Practical implicationsThis paper shows that shareholders' perceptions of the implications of a company's name change are important. Name change announcements should therefore be regarded as influential signals to investors.Originality/valueThis paper finds significant abnormal returns associated with company name change announcements. Further, it shows that the type of name change is important in determining the sign of these resulting abnormal returns.
Accounting conservatism and the cost of equity capital: UK evidence
Authors: Chan Ann L.‐C. , Lin Stephen W.J. , Strong Norman 
Published: March 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the economic consequences of different dimensions of accounting conservatism: ex ante (balance sheet or unconditional) conservatism and ex post (earnings or conditional) conservatism. It is argued that the two dimensions of conservatism convey different information to the market about the quality of accounting numbers and have different associations with equity investors' required rates of return.Design/methodology/approachThe cost of equity capital estimates are based on the Ohlson and Juettner‐Nauroth model. The paper applies a regression model to examine the relationship between the cost of equity capital and accounting conservatism controlling for other risk factors.FindingsThe findings indicate that ex ante conservatism is associated with higher quality of accounting information and lower costs of equity capital and that ex post conservatism is associated with lower quality of accounting information and higher costs of equity capital.Research limitations/implicationsThe firm‐level conservatism measures may suffer from measurement error. Future studies can be more specific in determining proxies for ex ante and ex post conservatism.Practical implicationsThe results imply that conservative accounting signals information to investors about the quality of a firm's current and future earnings. Investors' required rates of returns may be higher for conservative reporting firms that are more susceptible to opportunistic management discretion.Originality/valueThe paper provides the first UK evidence on the effect of different dimensions of conservatism on equity investors' required rates of return.
Golden parachutes, managerial incentives and shareholders' wealth
Authors: Brusa Jorge , Lee Wayne L. , Shook Carole 
Published: March 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of golden parachutes on shareholders' wealth when the measure is used as a compensation device instead of a takeover defense. The results show that the adoption of the measure has a negative influence on shareholders' wealth. These negative results are more prevalent for firms with an operating performance above their industry peers and are significantly influenced by the previous performance of the firm and the size of the golden parachute.Design/methodology/approachEvent study and regression analysis.FindingsThe results show that the adoption of the measure has a negative influence on shareholders' wealth. These negative results are more prevalent for firms with an operating performance above their industry peers and are significantly influenced by the previous performance of the firm and the size of the golden parachute.Practical implicationsInvestors will have more information about the reaction of stock markets at the announcement of golden parachutes.Originality/valueThe paper presents a new evaluation of the adoption of golden parachutes on shareholders' wealth when the measure is used as a compensation device instead of a takeover defense.
Identifying the non‐normality premium of an investment
Authors: Hood Matthew , Nofsinger John R. , Small Kenneth 
Published: March 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to introduce a non‐normality premium (NNP) to identify the extra return that will compensate an investor for a non‐normal return distribution. The NNP quantifies the economic significance of non‐normality to complement a statistical significance test of non‐normality, such as the Jarque‐Bera test.Design/methodology/approachThe NNP is patterned after the risk premium, the amount that compensates an investor for the risk of an investment. The theoretical NNP is examined on the margins with Taylor series approximation and applied to hedge fund data.FindingsAn increase of 1 in the skewness has the same effect on an investor as an increase in the mean of 2.5 basis points per month. An increase of 1 in the kurtosis has the same effect on an investor as a decrease in the mean of 0.15 basis points per month. A sample of 716 hedge funds revealed that while 72 per cent statistically reject normality, only 29 per cent require more than a single basis point per month difference in the mean to compenscate an investor for the non‐normality.Originality/valueThe NNP allows for a valuation on the higher moments (skewness and kurtosis) of an investor's return distribution. The evaluation is tailored to the individual through use of a utility function. Once applied to an alternative investment vehicle, it is learned that rejecting normality is not sufficient grounds to suspect that the non‐normality is important to investors.
Conference contrasts
Authors: Seadle Michael 
Published: March 2009

PurposeThis editorial seeks to compare the German Bibliothekartag, the American Library Association Annual Meeting, and the International Federation of Library Associations meeting.Design/methodology/approachThe method relies mainly on anthropological observation.FindingsConferences in cities with public transit, good restaurants, and decent technology, including wireless internet and projection in the meeting rooms, offer better opportunities for the social bonding that encourages repeat attendance.Practical implicationsConferences at locations without these features risk losing regulars as technology increasingly enables communication without travel.Originality/valueInteraction with the conference environment is not the only factor in making a conference experience successful but, without positive interactions, the option of doing business electronically becomes far more attractive.
Making the new OPAC seamless: dealing with the transition from “finding” to “getting”
Authors: Denholm Carmel , Kauler Leto , Lavelle Jan , Sokvitne Lloyd 
Published: March 2009

PurposeThis paper aims to describe the process of development undertaken by the State Library of Tasmania to provide a new generation OPAC – TALISPlus.Design/methodology/approachThe methods developed and used to meet the “getting” needs of clients in the new OPAC are described, with examples based on the alternatives investigated and the results achieved.FindingsDuring this development process the State Library established, through client consultation and feedback, that the process of item discovery within the new OPAC was incomplete unless accompanied by new methods that ensured that the desired item could in turn be easily found and physically accessed by clients. The need to address both the finding and getting requirements of clients is of major importance to the State Library of Tasmania which provides a state‐wide public lending system with one collection spread across 49 branches.Originality/valueThe paper argues that the development of a successful next generation OPAC is not limited to the provision of new searching functionality. Rather the success of a new OPAC is linked to its ability to provide existing clients with a seamless tool that delivers the ability to both find and get the desired item. The provision of this seamless access will require additional and significant development resources. However, the high levels of client satisfaction with the new OPAC witnessed by the State Library reinforce and validate this approach.
Subjecting the catalog to tagging
Authors: Mendes Luiz H. , Quiñonez‐Skinner Jennie , Skaggs Danielle 
Published: March 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present the implementation of LibraryThing for Libraries (LTFL) in an academic library and analysis of usage of LTFL data and their potential for resource discovery in the catalog.Design/methodology/approachThe paper reviews the literature on social tagging and incorporation of third‐party user‐generated metadata into the library catalog. It provides an assessment based on the analysis of total absolute usage figures and frequency of use of LTFL data.FindingsBased on the data available, usage of LTFL data in the catalog is low, but several possible contributing factors are identified.Originality/valueThe paper contributes to the literature on the implementation of LTFL in an academic library and provides usage statistics on LTFL data. It also provides directions for future research about tagging in the catalog.
Accessing information in a parliamentary environment: is the OPAC dead?
Authors: Missingham Roxanne , Brettell Rina , White Shirley , Miskin Sarah 
Published: March 2009

PurposeAccess to library collections in an era where users want to “get” rather than “find” offers particular challenges. This paper seeks to explore users' needs for bibliographic records in a primarily full text environment.Design/methodology/approachThe paper describes the need for access to parliamentary and library information from the Australian Parliament and its use by Senators and Members. It then outlines the approach taken to develop and implement a new search system, ParlInfo, which applied a repository and search system that provides integrated access to bibliographic and full text information. Launched in September 2008, it offers facets, alerts, RSS feeds and other Web 2.0 functionality to both the Australian public and Parliamentary Network users accessing library collections and parliamentary collections.FindingsThe paper offers insights into solutions which meet the information needs of Senators and Members and the public; and the application of library/web 2.0 solutions. It is relevant to organisations seeking to offer a single gateway to their collections.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper offers an approach based on understanding the whole needs of users, rather than applying a traditional assumption that resource discovery should be based only on catalogue records through an OPAC.Practical implicationsThe paper provides a model based on integrated access to resource through metadata, full text “crawled” from web sites and full text resources, such as Hansards, that can be applied in many organisations.Originality/valueThe paper's value is in thinking about how the catalogue can be “turned inside out” for the twenty‐first century users' needs.
Project Blacklight: a next generation library catalog at a first generation university
Authors: Sadler Elizabeth (Bess) 
Published: March 2009

PurposeThis paper sets out to provide an overview of the open source online public access catalog (OPAC) software known as Blacklight. It includes a discussion of the reasons why the University of Virginia decided to create the Blacklight project, rationale behind design decisions, an overview of the technologies used, and some examples of interface designs and object behaviors.Design/methodology/approachDesign approaches discussed include open source methodologies, model/view/controller development patterns, and strategies for efficient staff training and utilization.FindingsThe Blacklight project is not yet complete, but initial usability testing is favorable. The project shows particular promise among previously underserved populations such as music researchers, and for previously under‐used collections.Practical implicationsLibraries who are considering de‐coupling their OPAC from their Integrated Library System will find useful information about this process as undertaken by the University of Virginia, as well as more information about Blacklight, and more information about whether Blacklight might be a good fit for their library.Originality/valueBlacklight is an open source OPAC system that is particularly well suited to large libraries with diverse collections. It is the only open source OPAC system with a focus on creating customized interfaces for specific populations.
LibraryThing for libraries at Claremont
Authors: Westcott Jezmynne , Chappell Alexandra , Lebel Candace 
Published: March 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to share the experience of implementing LibraryThing for Libraries (LTFL) at the Claremont University Consortium's libraries, the first US academic library to try LTFL.Design/methodology/approachThe objectives are to share CUC's experience with LTFL, sharing a list of pros and cons about the tool, implementation of the tool, experiences with the tool, and future steps planned by LTFL.FindingsClaremont University Consortium finds the tool to be a helpful overlay of user‐generated tags and suggested readings based on tags over the current bibliographic information provided in the traditional library catalog. Implementation of LTFL is easy, LTFL provides significant and immediate support, and is useful for finding items for research as well as for browsing.Originality/valueThe paper is valuable for libraries considering LTFL as a catalog overlay, as well as for libraries interested in learning about next generation cataloging concepts.
Implementing VuFind as an alternative to Voyager's WebVoyage interface
Authors: Ho Birong , Kelley Keith , Garrison Scott 
Published: March 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present a case study of what is involved in implementing the VuFind discovery tool.Design/methodology/approachThe paper documents Western Michigan University's experience with VuFind thus far, in several stages: planning; pre‐alpha testing; alpha testing; and beta testing.FindingsThe implementation process took longer than the authors originally expected. Users' input was not consistent and demanded software customization. WMU began with a relatively loose project management approach, but later reinforced the project with a specific scope statement and prioritized items within the scope to arrive at a beta‐testable version of VuFind.Practical implicationsThe benefits of using open source software include low barrier and cost to entry, highly customizable code, and unlimited instances (libraries may run as many copies of as many components as needed, on as many pieces of hardware as they have, for as many purposes as they wish). One significant cost is in human resources required to install, configure and customize open source software.Originality/valueThe paper provides a unique account of one library's experience providing an alternative catalog interface using open source software. It also uniquely reports on VuFind hardware and software architectures and some initial testing results and evaluation.
The VuFind implementation at Villanova University
Authors: Houser John 
Published: March 2009

PurposeThis case study seeks to document the experiences of Villanova University's Falvey Library staff as they developed and implemented the VuFind open source discovery tool for libraries. It aims to address the decision to hire a programmer for the library, the decision to make the VuFind software open source, and the library's development and implementation processes.Design/methodology/approachThe author interviewed, recorded, and corresponded with members of the library staff on multiple occasions over a five‐month period during the ramp‐up to, and just after, the launch of the new software. The paper is complemented by three podcasts created from the interview material that are available online.FindingsThe creators of VuFind took a relatively informal approach to library software development. However, the resulting software has been well received, both by the library development community and Villanova University. Keys to this success were close attention to user expectations deriving from their experiences using widely available web‐based search tools and applications, a continuous process of sharing work and soliciting input, and rapid improvements to the software. The open source development process facilitated the sharing and collaboration that made this rapid improvement possible.Practical implicationsOther libraries that are considering the possibility of developing their own software may find Villanova's experience and approach useful in determining where to focus their planning and concentrate their resources.Originality/valueThe case study will be of interest to persons engaging in or considering whether to engage in open source development of a library application. It will also appeal to library administrators interested in learning about the technology planning or software development.
Tracking repetitive use of electronic reserve items
Authors: Oliver Astrid 
Published: March 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to share findings on how to track the recurring use of items placed on electronic reserve over a period of time using the Create Lists application in Innovative's Millennium software, in order to help determine copyright compliance with regard to electronic reserves.Design/methodology/approachThe approach takes the form of use of the Create Lists application in Innovative's Millennium ILS software to track repetitive use of electronic reserves over time and the creation of search statements using both Boolean and regular expressions to capture relevant data in the Create Lists application. Repetitive use of electronic reserve items was tracked over a four‐year period, with repetitive use initially rising, and then declining over the past year for Fort Lewis College.FindingsUsing both Boolean and regular expressions, it is possible to create a series of search statements that will retrieve information from item records in Millennium that identify materials that have been placed on electronic reserves over a series of semesters.Research limitations/implicationsResearch was conducted using the Create Lists application of Innovative's Millennium software. It is unknown whether other ILS systems have similar functionality or capability. The implications of the findings indicate that it is possible to track general electronic reserve copyright compliance over time.Originality/valueThe paper offers a methodology for gauging copyright compliance.