bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Discontinuous Dependencies
Authors: Culicover Peter W. , Jackendoff Ray 
Published: September 2007

AbstractAs with passive and raising, the case for a non-movement approach to discontinuous dependencies has been under active development for many years, with the most extensive contributions occurring within GPSG and HPSG. This chapter shows how a wide range of discontinuous dependencies, many of the type referred to in the literature as A'-constructions, can be accounted for within the type of architecture being proposed. It discusses not only wh-questions (with extraction and with wh- in situ), but relative clauses of various types, topicalization, left and right dislocation, tough movement, heavy shift, and scrambling.
Something Elsefor the Binding Theory
Authors: Culicover Peter W. , Jackendoff Ray 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThis chapter examines another binding phenomenon outside the treatment of ‘core’ binding in MGG: the behaviour of the obviative element else in English and related referentially dependent elements. The goal is to clarify the nature of the referential dependency that else expresses as well as the proper formulation of this dependency within the grammar. A number of alternative analyses are explored. It is shown that the best one on empirical grounds is one that conforms to the Simpler Syntax Hypothesis, in that no covert syntactic structure is associated with else. Evidence is uncovered that casts doubt on the generality, and hence theoretical usefulness of a covert syntactic level of Logical Form in the sense of MGG, again providing support for Simpler Syntax.
Arguments from History and Miracles
Authors: Swinburne Richard 
Published: September 2007

Abstract
God has good reason to bring about various particular historical events, including occasional miracles in the sense of violations of laws of nature (for example as answers to prayer or to show his approval of some particular teaching). He has good reason to become incarnate in order to provide atonement for human sin, to reveal to us important truths, and to identify with our suffering; and good reason to show that he has done this by a super-miracle such as the Resurrection. If there is no God, such violations are not to be expected. Hence, violations in the right sort of circumstances are further evidence of the existence of God.
5 Alternative Conceptual Themes
Authors: WATERS BRENT 
Published: September 2007

Abstract
This chapter initiates the book's constructive task by developing alternative philosophical, theological, and moral themes to those offered by late liberalism. The first section uses Herman Dooyeweerd's concept of sphere sovereignty to examine the relation between nature and history as two related spheres of human activity. It is argued, however, that this philosophical concept has severe limitations which must be corrected by employing theological themes. The second section uses the work of Oliver O'Donovan to develop the theological themes of a vindicated created order, relation between providence and eschatology, and dominion and stewardship. The third section, drawing upon the work of George Grant, develops a series of moral themes regarding the family as a form of human association. These themes include the household as a place of timely belonging within the temporal confines of created order, an unfolding and enfolding familial love that orients family members toward broader forms of human association, and the teleological ordering of the familial association toward its destiny in Christ.
Knowing and Organizing
Authors: Patriotta Gerardo 
Published: September 2007

Abstract
This chapter reviews the four main perspectives on organizational knowledge: the cognitive approach, knowledge-based approach, situated approach, and ‘techno-science’ approach. The cognitive approach stresses the linkages between action and cognition, and therefore offers the insight that knowledge is mobilized in the form of representations. The knowledge-based perspective probably offers the most consistent conceptualization of knowledge, which is reflected in the attempt to build a knowledge-based theory of the firm. The situated perspective's major strength lies in its relational focus; knowledge is conceptualized in a holistic fashion stressing the linkages between action, context, and processes. The techno-science approach highlights the controversial, socially constructed nature of scientific facts and technological artefacts.
Breakdowns and Bottlenecks: Capturing the Learning Dynamics on the Assembly Line
Authors: Patriotta Gerardo 
Published: September 2007

Abstract
This chapter assesses the process of institutionalization of knowledge within the Melfi factory now that the plant had reached its full production capacity. The case study presented attempts to test how the competencies acquired by workers and managers on the greenfield site are applied in the practical context of the production process. The learning dynamics observed on the shop floor highlight the distinctive features of Melfi's production system as opposed to the traditional Fordist model. This distinction is grounded on knowledge-based rather than technology-based factors.
Action, Context, and Time: A Processual Model of Knowing and Organizing
Authors: Patriotta Gerardo 
Published: September 2007

Abstract
This chapter builds generalizations from the main empirical findings of the case studies presented earlier. The chapter is organized as follows. Section 8.2 defines the main ontological argument underlying the mode of existence of organization. Section 8.3 develops a classificatory model of knowledge linking the three dimensions of process, content, and context in a coherent whole. Section 8.4 applies the above interpretative framework to the case studies developed in this research. Section 8.5 generalizes from the findings of the study and develops a co-evolutionary model of knowing and organizing. Section 8.6 stresses the heuristic nature of the above model in so far as it is built on ideal types of knowledge. This is exemplified by showing elements of continuity across the cases and identifying possible overlapping regions between different knowledge types within the same setting.
Managing the Multinational:Administrative and Human Challenges
Authors: Kristensen Peer Hull , Zeitlin Jonathan 
Published: September 2007

Abstract
This study on the making of a global firm in APV and its constitution through strategic interaction among subsidiaries and headquarters has revealed a process in which these actors play roles that break with the received expectations of how they should behave towards one another within an organization. The most surprising finding is that the London HQ was able to establish collaborative relations with other external actors in the local financial district, but was able neither to integrate itself effectively, nor to establish collaborative relations with subsidiaries that would have enabled it to orchestrate the process of unifying the MNC as such. This view of the London HQ is not far from one which was shared with certain observers in APV's subsidiaries. But an increased understanding of the complexities and ambiguities involved in managing even a comparatively small MNC like APV, leads to the adoption of a humbler perspective. This chapter seeks to develop this humbler perspective into a theoretical approach that can reframe the managerial problems of globalization and sketch out a way of reconstituting the function of executives in a global setting.
Conclusion: Sideshadowing the Future of Globalization
Authors: Kristensen Peer Hull , Zeitlin Jonathan 
Published: September 2007

Abstract
Strong versions of the globalization thesis have been widely criticized by social scientists. By focusing on multinational corporations as the putative lead agent of globalization, this study reinforces these critiques by demonstrating that some of the international competitive rivalry which previously existed between firms from different countries has now been internalized within MNCs themselves. It is argued that what Bartlett and Ghoshal (1989, 1998) termed the ‘transnational solution’ — reinterpreted as a deliberative polyarchy based on open coordination and social dialogue — offers a promising approach to the organization of collaborative competition among the globally dispersed units of a multinational federation. Within such a federation, local units in different countries could assist one another in securing access to markets, providing complementary competencies, enhancing flexibility, diversifying risks, and stimulating mutual learning. By tapping into a wide variety of regional economies, labour markets, and the institutional frameworks that underpin them, multinationals organized along these lines could also create new opportunities for innovative cross-fertilization in products and processes.
Introduction: ‘Nous autres grecs’
Authors: Leonard Miriam 
Published: September 2007

AbstractHow did the Greeks come to be at the centre of a debate about the role of ‘the political’ in French structuralist and post-structuralist thought? This introductory chapter investigates how the major figures of French Hellenism and the most prominent exponents of French philosophy both turned to the Greeks to voice their involvement in contemporary politics. It takes as its focus the events of May 1968, and asks how the debate about the role of political engagement in the wake of the student uprising led these writers to revisit the ideological struggles of Classical Athens.
Socrates and the Analytic City
Authors: Leonard Miriam 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThe chapter starts by analysing Lacan's and Irigaray's readings of Plato's Symposium. Lacan's identification with the figure of Socrates is built around a eulogy of Socratic atopia — Socrates' self-imposed alienation from the city. The Lacanian Socrates evades the city to launch his quest for self-knowledge. Through his formulation of the divided self outside the city, Lacan raises fundamental questions about the relationship between psychoanalysis and democracy, structuralism and political commitment. In his seminal encounter with Socrates in ‘Plato's Pharmacy’, Derrida constructs a vision of an open democracy where the Greeks would come to recognize, accommodate, and embrace their others. Derrida's exemplary (democratic) Greeks thus perform their project of self-analysis at the very heart of their city. Derrida's return to the Greeks is constructed around an interrogation of the insiders and outsiders of democracy.
The Sensory Apparatus
Authors: Gregoric Pavel 
Published: September 2007

Abstract
This chapter looks at Aristotle's account of the sensory apparatus, that is the system of bodily parts that a living being must have if it is to be informed by a soul with a perceptual capacity. To accommodate both the complexity and the unity of the perceptual capacity of the soul, the sensory apparatus must consist of a continuous system of bodily structures which are differentiated at the periphery into the sense organs, such as eyes and ears, and which are all connected in one single central sense organ. This central sense organ, in Aristotle's view, is the heart, not the brain. It is argued that, on this picture of the sensory apparatus, perception does not really take place in the peripheral sense organs, but in the central sense organ.
Conclusions on the Terminology
Authors: Gregoric Pavel 
Published: September 2007

Abstract
This chapter indicates that the phrase ‘common sense’ probably has not yet crystallized into a technical term with Aristotle. Nevertheless, there can be little doubt that, owing to Aristotle, it became a technical term at some point between Theophrastus and Alexander of Aphrodisias. There is consistency in Aristotle's use of the phrase ‘common sense’ which, on its own, would imply that the phrase is a technical term for Aristotle, functioning as a proper name for the sensory capacity of the soul. However, a survey of the other uses manifest variation which suggests that the phrase really did not have the status of a technical term for Aristotle. Depending on the context, the terms which make up the phrase can take different nuances in meaning within their respective semantic horizons and assume different word order to express different ideas. Aristotle takes advantage of this variability in different contexts, and it is possible that he would not be inclined to do so had the phrase been fixed in his mind as a technical term.
Simultaneous Perception and Cross‐modal Binding
Authors: Gregoric Pavel 
Published: September 2007

Abstract
This chapter looks at Aristotle's notion of simultaneous perception as a distinct perceptual function of the common sense, a function that has a parallel in contemporary psychology and neuroscience. In an aporetic discussion in De Sensu 7, Aristotle first works towards the conclusion that there can be no simultaneous perception of two distinct special perceptibles, especially if they are different in kind (heterogeneous), e.g. white and sweet. Having posed the problem, he solves it by introducing a higher-order perceptual power to which two special perceptibles can be present simultaneously and which can differentiate between them, and that power is the common sense. Although this solution is geared to the case of heterogeneous special perceptibles, Aristotle seems to think that it can be extended to the case of homogeneous special perceptibles, e.g. white and black, although in this passage he does not explain how.
Perceiving That We See and Hear, and Monitoring of the Senses
Authors: Gregoric Pavel 
Published: September 2007

Abstract
This chapter continues the investigation of the phenomenon that Aristotle describes as ‘perceiving that we see and hear’ by analysing the much discussed passage from the beginning of De Anima III.2 in which Aristotle seems to maintain that we perceive that we see by sight, without even mentioning the possibility that we do so by a higher-order capacity. This appears to be in flat contradiction with what he says in De Somno et Vigilia 2, discussed in the preceding chapter. It is argued that the De Anima III.2 is an aporetic passage in which Aristotle replies to a challenge posed by Plato in the Charmides. It is important to note that Aristotle meets the challenge on Plato's own terms, which is why he does not introduce any higher-order capacities. Because this passage is dialectical, we should not take its conclusion to be Aristotle's considered view. In the course of his argument Aristotle mentions that it is by sight that we perceive darkness. However, it is argued that sight as such cannot achieve the perception of darkness. What is required is a higher-order capacity which registers inactivity of the sense of sight. Since the awareness of the activity of an individual sense is the work of the common sense, it is natural to suppose that awareness of an individual sense's inactivity is the work of the common sense. So the common sense provides us with the awareness of both the activity and inactivity of the individual senses. This monitoring function of the common sense is comparable with certain modern conceptions of consciousness.
3 Tragic Ways of Dying: Word Order in the Clause
Authors: Dik Helma 
Published: September 2007

Abstract
This chapter surveys word order in clauses, with a focus on tragic dialogue. In what is essentially a random sample for the purposes of word order and pragmatics, the large majority of cases discussed appears to conform well to an account assuming that pragmatically marked constituents precede the verb. It is shown that the structure of the clauses studied in these samples show important similarities with Greek prose, and strengthens the presumption that knowledge of the rules of Greek word order in prose should not be discarded when reading tragic dialogue.
Enter Dialogue: Questions in Sophocles and Euripides
Authors: Dik Helma 
Published: September 2007

Abstract
This chapter argues that in both Sophocles and Euripides, questions show a distribution of pragmatically marked information over the clause that is compatible with a Topic-Focus-verb pattern. The majority of questions do not feature a Topic constituent, and the sole Focus constituent is the question word. Questions being interpreted as containing multiple Focus constituents are discussed. Most of these questions are in fact a character's emotional reaction to the situation they are confronted with, which sets them apart from the questions. The traditional problem of the postponed interrogative is also discussed.
PROLOGUE: THE STUDY OF A SUFFIX
Authors: Meissner Torsten 
Published: September 2007

Abstract
This introductory chapter discusses the subject matter of this book, namely, word formation in Ancient Greek. The study will look at the morphological and semantic characteristics of the s-stem formations. As a result of this investigation, a number of traditional views will be challenged. In particular, it will emerge that the conventional notion of ‘Caland's Law’ is inadequate, at least for Greek and quite possibly for the parent language as well. It is also shown that these morphological and semantic characteristics of the individual types and their historical development can be defined more closely.
3 The Animate S‐stem Nouns
Authors: Meissner Torsten 
Published: September 2007

Abstract
Greek possesses a very small number of non-neuter s-stem nouns. Among these words, feminine nouns are rarer than masculine ones. Yet, the type, though weak, seems to be inherited from the parent language as witnessed by a (possibly imperfect) equation. In Latin, this inflectional paradigm was reasonably successful (compare with the numerous nouns in -ōs and -or like honōs/honor ‘honour’, flōs ‘flower’), but both Greek and Sanskrit show mere relics of this group.
4 The S‐stem Adjectives
Authors: Meissner Torsten 
Published: September 2007

Abstract
Greek possesses a large number of s-stem adjectives of the type δυσμενήζ ‘evil-minded’. More than 6,000 different formations of such adjectives are attested, and even if one subtracts the compounds in -ειδήζ and -ώδηζ, more that 3,000 formations remain. Clearly only a small percentage of these adjectives can be inherited and s-stem adjectives are amongst the most productive word formation categories within Greek, and they are distinctly more productive than comparable formations in Indo-Iranian.
4 Sky and Earth
Authors: West M. L. 
Published: September 2007

Abstract
This chapter discusses the Indo-European god whose name can be traced across a vast area of land, from India to Italy. Its original form is reconstructed as *D(i)yéus. Its archaic system of declension is reflected most clearly in the parallel case-forms of Vedic and Greek. Topics covered include the divine sky, the divine Earth, the sky and Earth as a pair, and the children of *Dyeus.
5 Sun and Daughter
Authors: West M. L. 
Published: September 2007

Abstract
This chapter discusses the existence of solar mythology in the Indo-European tradition, and a body of festive ritual associated with it. The poetic stories and imagery attaching to the Sun and to dawn are for the most part directly intelligible in terms of diurnal experience. With figures such as the Daughter of the Sun and the Sons Heaven, it is less clear how much has a meteorological or astronomical basis, and how much is fanciful invention or the mythic reflection of seasonal rituals on earth.
A Gift for King Henry VIII
Authors: Walker Greg 
Published: September 2007

Abstract
This chapter examines the political and cultural implications of William Thynne’s 1530 edition of the Works of Geoffrey Chaucer. Focusing on the preface, actually ‘ghost-written’ by Sir Bryan Tuke, it argues for the contemporary significances of the text’s discussions of Chaucer’s work, of the significance of the English language, and of English history and identity in the early years of Henry VIII’s break with Rome.
Mocking the Thunder
Authors: Walker Greg 
Published: September 2007

Abstract
This chapter examines John Heywood’s comic interlude, The Play of the Wether, in the light of the events of 1532-3. It shows how the mischievous representation of Jupiter, king of the gods, plays mockingly with ideas and rhetorical modes associated with Henry VIII’s royal supremacy, and dangerously addresses political themes such as Henry’s clandestine marriage to Anne Boleyn in an attempt to mock the king’s pretensions and win him back to wisdom and moderation. It suggests that the play marks both the most extreme example and one of the last workable instances of the use of a literary form as a piece of harsh ‘good counsel’ performed before the king in an attempt to shame him back to virtue.
The Book Named the Governor
Authors: Walker Greg 
Published: September 2007

Abstract
This chapter looks at Sir Thomas Elyot’s best known work, the magisterial Boke Named the Governor, first published in 1531. It argues that the Boke, rather than being a work of merely general advice to noblemen and public servants, was in part also aimed directly at Henry VIII and intended as an extended speculum principis designed to counsel moderation in religious and diplomatic policy, and warn against the dangerous divisions in English society. Many of the examples and ideas discussed thus have a direct contemporary context as well as a more general moral or philosophical one. It is vitally important to read the work in the light of the events of 1531 to understand its full implications.
From Supremacy to Tyranny, 1533–40
Authors: Walker Greg 
Published: September 2007

Abstract
This chapter focuses on two of Elyot’s later dialogues: his translation of a sermon of St. Cyprian counselling the faithful in times of persecution and his collection of adagia, The Banquet of Sapience, each of which seems designed to reflect upon the increasing pressures placed upon the regular religious and critics of the royal supremacy and break with Rome in these years.
Piraeus and ‘Peraea’
Authors: Oliver G. J. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThis chapter examines two places of significance in the history of early Hellenistic Athens: the harbour-city of Piraeus and the island cleruchies of Lemnos, Imbros, and Skyros. Looking at the histories of Athens' harbour-city and these islands raise fundamental issues. The Piraeus provided the facilities to receive grain and other commodities brought by ship from abroad. The islands were not only potential sources of overseas grain but would facilitate the movement of commodities in and around the Aegean.
Classics and the Family in the Victorian Novel
Authors: Hurst Isobel 
Published: September 2007

Abstract
The varied accounts of classical studies in fiction deserve a more prominent place in the analysis of 19th-century reception of the classics. This chapter discusses fictions about women studying the classics at home: negative representations of selfish scholarly heroines, such as Charlotte M. Yonge's The Daisy Chain, are contrasted with those of compliant girls whose access to patriarchal culture is controlled by their fathers, for example, Anne Brontë's Agnes Grey and Elizabeth Gaskell's Cousin Phillis. Clergy daughters are represented as using their classical learning for the benefit of their families, particularly their fathers, in contrast to the story of Milton's rebellious daughters, which is invoked in George Eliot's Middlemarch.