bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of tacalcitol (1,24(OH)2D3) on cutaneous inflammation, epidermal proliferation and keratinization in psoriasis: a placebo-controlled, double-blind study
Authors: PGERRITSEN M.J. , MBOEZEMAN J.B. , VAN VLIJMEN-WILLEMS I.M.J.J. , VAN DE KERKHOF P.C.M. 
Published: July 2006

SummaryThe aim of the present study was to discover to what extent 1.24(OH)2D3 ointment (tacalcitol; 4 μg/g) can modulate epidermal proliferation and keratinization, and several aspects of inflamation. Ten patients with psoriasis vulgaris were included in a placebo-controlled, double-blind study, using 1,24(OH)2D3 ointment (4μg/g). Before, and after 8 weeks of treatment, punch biopsies were taken from lesions treated with the active agent and placebo-treated lesions. An immunohistochemical study was carried out using monoclonal antibodies against the hyperproliferation-associated keratin 16, against cycling nuclei, filaggrin, involucrin, T lymphocytes, Langerhans cells, CD14 and polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN).The Wilcoxon test for matched pairs was used for statistical analysis of results. The biopsies from the lesions treated with the active agent showed a statistically significant change towards normalization of all aspects of inflammation studied, and of epidermal proliferation and keratinization, but there did not appear to be any effect on Langerhans cells. The only parameter which showed a significant alteration in the placebo-treated lesions was the number of cycling nuclei in the epidermis (P≤0.02). However, the biopsies from the plaques treated with the active agent showed a greater decrease of cycling cells (decrease: Mactive=70, Mplacebo=53) and a lower P-value (≤0.01).We therefore conclude that at the cell biological level 1.24(OH)2D3 ointment (4μg/g) has a substantial effect on several cell types, with regard to inflammation, epidermal proliferation and keratinization, with the exception of Langerhans cells.
Quantification of erythema and pigmentation using a videomicroscope and a computer
Authors: TAKIWAKI H. , SHIRAI S. , KANNO Y. , WATANABE Y. , ARASE S. 
Published: July 2006

Summary
We report a method for quantitative analysis of erythema and pigmentation using a videomicroscope interfaced with a computer. The analysis was carried out by examining the brightness intensity of every picture element, composed of an image picked up from each band of red, green, and blue, and by deriving the quasi-absorbance value (absorbance index) from the mean brightness for each band. In assessments of UV-induced erythema and tanning, excellent linear correlations were found between the results obtained with our system and those with a narrow-band reflectance spectrometer. Moreover, the absorbance indices of haemoglobin and melanin solutions showed linear relationships with their concentrations in in vitro examination. As the monitored picture becomes out of focus if incorrect pressure is exerted on the skin, and as regions of interest can be chosen from a magnified image, this system offers excellent interobserver reproducibility, and is suitable for the evaluation of erythema or pigmented lesions which are too small or irregular to quantify by conventional methods such as colorimetry.
Simultaneous occurrence of two rare cutaneous markers of poor prognosis in myelodysplastic syndrome: erythema elevatum diutinum and specific lesions
Authors: ARACTINGI S. , BACHMEYER C. , DOMBRET H. , VIGNON-PENNAMEN D. , DEGOS L. , DUBERTRET L. 
Published: July 2006

SummaryWe report the concomitant occurrence of erythema elevatum diutinum and specific skin lesions in a patient with a myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). This patient's course, and review of other reported cases, support the opinion that neutrophilic dermatoses are associated with a poor prognosis of MDS. The simultaneous appearance of these manifestations could be the consequence of a particular chemotactism of myeloid cells, expressed after acute transformation.
Urartian Metal Artifacts: an Archaeological Review
Authors: Muscarella Oscar White 
Published: July 2006

AbstractMetal artifacts constitute the main component of the cultural material known from the ancient state of Urartu. The great majority of these artifacts available to archaeologists for cultural analysis derives from plundered sites, which proveniences, whether from sites in modern Turkey, Armenia, or northwestern Iran, are unknown. In fact, only a minority was obtained from excavations at known sites and tombs. At the same time there is a large quantity of publications on Urartian metal artifacts, most of which are in museums and private collections in Europe, the United States, and Japan. Most of the publications, many by museum personnel, ignore the reality of the lack of provenience and present subjective conclusions regarding provenience and interpretation. This paper discusses the consequences of the non-archaeological methodology of these publications, the nature of which many archaeologists remain unaware, and how this behavior has interfered with achieving an accurate knowledge of Urartian culture.
Immunohistological studies, with anti-connective tissue and anti-immunoglobulin antisera, of the skin in lupus erythematosus and scleroderma
Authors: ROWELL N.R , SCOTT D.G 
Published: July 2006

SUMMARYSkin lesions from six patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, five patients with discoid lupus erythematosus, twelve patients with systemic sclerosis, five patients with localized morphoea and twenty controls were examined by immunohistological techniques using fluorescein-labelled antihuman IgG, anti-human C3 and anti-human renal glomerulus antisera.The major immunohistological changes in systemic sclerosis and in localized morphoea consisted of foci of intercollagenous staining for connective tissue antigens in the reticular layer of the dermis. It is suggested that these findings indicate collagen neogenesis.In lupus erythematosus the major changes occur in the dermo-epidermal junction and consist of deposits of IgG and C3 and thickening and disruption of the membrane as demonstrated by the use of heterologous sera containing antibasement membrane antibodies.Immunohistological techniques are useful in the diagnostic differentiation between scleroderma and lupus erythematosus.
A double-blind trial of metronidazole versus oxytetracycline therapy for rosacea
Authors: SAIHAN E. M. , BURTON J. L. 
Published: July 2006

SUMMARY
Forty patients with papulo-pustular rosacea were treated for 12 weeks on a random double-blind basis either with oxytetracycline 250 mg twice daily or with metronidazole 200 mg twice daily. Both drugs produced an improvement which was greater after 12 weeks than after 6 weeks, but there was no significant difference between them. Metronidazole appears to be a safe and effective drug for the treatment of rosacea.
Acute and chronic graft-vs-host reaction in skin: report of two cases
Authors: MASCARO J. M. , ROZMAN C. , PALOU† J. , GRAÑENA A. , CASTEL† T. , FELIU E. , MALLOLAS† J. 
Published: July 2006

SUMMARYThe cutaneous changes of the acute form of graft-vs-host reaction are described in two patients who underwent bone marrow transplantation for treatment of severe aplastic anaemia. One patient went on to develop a chronic reaction of the lichenoid type. Histopathology confirmed the presence of ‘satellite cell necrosis’ from the acute stage of the disease onwards. Direct immunofluorescence showed deposits of immunoglobulin (IgG, IgM), fibrinogen and complement on the necrotic keratinocytes, whilst the basement membrane was positive for C3. These findings suggest that humoral immunity as well as cellular immunity may play a part in the production of the rash.
Serum proteins in human squamous epithelium
Authors: ÇORUH G. , MASON D. Y. 
Published: July 2006

SUMMARY
A new immunoperoxidase staining technique of high specificity (the labelled antigen method) has been used for the detection of serum proteins in the epithelium of human skin and mucous membranes. The majority of specimens contain cells showing strong diffuse intracellular staining. These cells usually lie in the upper mid-zone of the epithelium and are often characterized by vacuolated or pyknotic nuclei. Double immunoenzymatic labelling (using alkaline phosphatase and peroxidase) showed that the different proteins are usually present in the same cells. A less frequent pattern of staining took the form of delicate strands of intercellular IgG.
Samples from a wide range of skin diseases were studied, but no clear relationship between positive epithelial staining and disease states was apparent. It is suggested that serum proteins may enter epithelial cells by passive diffusion, and attention is drawn to other instances (e. g. in the central nervous system and lymphoid tissue) where similar phenomena have been observed by immunoenzymatic staining techniques.
Do corticosteroids prevent post-herpetic neuralgia?
Authors: KECZKES KALMAN , BASHEER A. M. 
Published: July 2006

SUMMARY
Forty otherwise healthy patients over 50 years of age with early, severe painful herpes zoster were randomly allocated to two groups for treatment. Twenty patients received prednisolone 40 mg daily with gradual reduction over a period of 4 weeks, whilst the other twenty patients received carbamazepine 100 mg four times daily. Thirteen of the twenty patients (65%) in the carbamazepine treated group developed post-herpetic neuralgia lasting up to 2 years, whilst only three of the twenty prednisolone treated patients (15%) had post-herpetic neuralgia lasting up to 6 months only. Thus the incidence and duration of post-herpetic neuralgia were considerably reduced in the prednisolone treated group. In neither group did disseminated zoster or other complications occur.
The effect of steroid and dithranol therapy on cyclic nucleotides in psoriatic epidermis
Authors: SAIHAN E. M. , ALBANO JANET , BURTON J. L. 
Published: July 2006

SUMMARYAbsolute values of both cAMP and cGMP levels were measured in the involved and uninvolved skin of psoriatic patients, and also the effect of topical therapy on these levels in the involved skin was studied. The mean cGMP level in the untreated psoriatic plaque was increased by 300% compared to the non-involved skin (which did not differ from normal skin), but no significant difference in cAMP levels was found. Epidermal stripping of uninvolved skin, which stimulates cell proliferation, did not change the cGMP level.Treatment of the psoriasis with dithranol caused the cGMP levels to return to normals but a potent topical glucocorticoid, in contrast, produced no such decrease. This may imply that the two drugs at different levels in suppressing cell replication, and dithranol may be a useful tool for the further investigation of cyclic nucleotide metabolism.
Treatment of psoriasis and atopic dermatitis with halcinonide cream applied once and three times daily
Authors: FREDRIKSSON TORSTEN , LASSUS ALLAN , BLEEKER JOHAN 
Published: July 2006

SUMMARY
In a double-blind multi-centre study, comprising ninety-five patients with psoriasis and atopic dermatitis, 0.1% halcinonide cream applied once daily was equally as effective as the cream applied three times daily. However, the onset of action was more rapid when the cream was applied three times daily. In a control study once daily application of 0.1% halcinonide cream was found to be superior to the vehicle alone in the treatment of forty patients with the same diseases.
Genetic tylosis with malignancy: a study of a South Indian pedigree
Authors: YESUDIAN PATRICK , PREMALATHA S. , THAMBIAH A. S. 
Published: July 2006

SUMMARY
Tylosis at birth was found as an autosomal dominant inheritance in twenty-two members of a family spanning over five generations. Of those affected three of the fourth generation tylotics developed squamous carcinoma of the tylotic skin and one of these died of carcinoma of the oesophagus. It is possible that there is a genetic association between the state of the oesophagus and the tylosis of the palms and soles which predisposes both sites towards the development of squamous carcinoma.
Enhanced monocyte and neutrophil cytotoxicity and normal cyclic nucleotide levels in severe psoriasis
Authors: HERLIN T. , KRAGBALLE K. 
Published: July 2006

SUMMARYEighteen patients with active psoriasis were investigated for antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) mediated by monocytes and neutrophil leukocytes. Patients with extensive psoriatic lesions showed increased ADCC whereas patients with minimal psoriasis had normal mono cyte and neutrophil function. After clinical remission the ADCC became normal. No stimulatory factors in psoriatic serum could be demonstrated. The increased monocyte and neutrophil cytotoxicity in severe psoriasis is not explained by altered cyclic nucleotide levels as cAMP and cGMP levels were normal in psoriatic monocytes and neutrophils showing both increased and normal ADCC. Our results indicate that increased ADCC is secondary to the psoriatic activity.
Nickel, hands and hip prostheses
Authors: BURROWS DESMOND , CRESWELL SANDRA , MERRETT J.DESMOND 
Published: July 2006

SUMMARY
The evidence on the effect of oral nickel on hand dermatitis in nickel sensitive patients is conflicting. The evidence of this study suggests that the amount in an ordinary diet plays no part in the chronicity of nickel dermatitis although this conclusion must be made with reservations because of the small number of patients in the present study. It may be that larger doses not found in a normal diet may have some aggravating effect. Low nickel diets are difficult due to the widespread distribution of nickel in food. There is no evidence that current metals on plastic hips sensitize to nickel or aggravate existing dermatitis. Nickel allergy is not a factor in rejection so patients who are allergic to metal do not necessarily require titanium hips and pre-operative patch testing is unnecessary.
Hyaluronectin in normal human skin and in basal cell carcinoma
Authors: DELPECH ANNIE , DELPECH B. , GIRARD NICOLE , BOULLIE MARIE CLAUDE , LAURET P. 
Published: July 2006

SUMMARY
The localization of hyaluronectin has been studied in normal skin and in basal cell carcinoma. In fetal skin it is abundant in the dermis but absent from the epidermis, and in adult skin it is totally absent except in the hair sheaths and bulbs. In basal cell carcinoma it is abundant only in the stroma reaction. The presence of this protein in mesenchymatous tissues seems to be linked to zones of physiological or neoplastic proliferation.
Erythema and skin blood content
Authors: ARGENBRIGHT LAWRENCE W. , FORBES P.DONALD 
Published: July 2006

SUMMARY
We have studied the inflammatory response produced by painting pigs and hairless mice with anthracene and subsequently exposing the skin to fluorescent blacklight lamps. Erythema and oedema appeared in pig skin shortly after the onset of irradiation; oedema but no erythema was evident in mouse skin. The response in both animals became increasingly severe as long as irradiation continued, and began to resolve when irradiation ceased. Hyperaemia (increased tissue blood content) was quantified by the increase in 51Cr-RBC content (c.p.m./wet weight) of the skin. Erythema (appearance of redness) was assessed by the use of an ‘erythema grading scale’ consisting of red gelatin filters of increasing red saturation sandwiched between clear acrylic sheets. Mouse skin responded with a nine-fold hyperaemia compared with unirradiated skin, although no erythema was produced. In contrast, pig skin responded with intense erythema with no corresponding increase in hypaercmia. It is apparent that a stimulus which produces hyperaemia will not necessarily produce erythema, and erythema can develop without hyperaemia.
Zoon's (plasma-cell) balanitis: treatment by circumcision
Authors: SONNEX T.S. , DAWBER R.P.R. , RYAN T.J. , RALFS I.G. 
Published: July 2006

SUMMARY
Though circumcision has long been known to cure Zoon's balanitis, this mode of treatment has been largely neglected by many leading authorities in recent times.
In this report we describe two patients who failed to respond to recommended topical treatment but who were rapidly cured by circumcision.
Quantification of stratum corneum ceramides and lipid envelope ceramides in the hereditary ichthyoses
Authors: PAIGE D.G. , MORSE-FISHER N. , HARPER J.I. 
Published: July 2006

Summary
Ceramides (sphingolipids) are the main polar lipids of the stratum corneum and play an important role in skin barrier function, cell adhesion and epidermal differentiation. In view of the function of ceramides in normal skin, this study aimed to assess their levels in patients with various types of hereditary ichthyosis, in which epidermal homeostasis is markedly abnormal. Stratum corneum samples were collected from 80 patients and 23 normal controls, and the intercellular and lipid envelope ceramides were analysed by high-performance thin-layer chromatography. The covalently bound ceramides (ceramides A and B) of the lipid envelope were present in all patients studied, and showed no significant differences from control samples. Total ceramides (ceramides 1–6) were decreased in bullous ichthyosiform erythroderma, which is presumably a secondary phenomenon similar to that seen in patients with atopic dermatitis. Patients with non-erythrodermic lamellar ichthyosis showed a marked decrease in levels of the important acylceramide, ceramide 1, whereas those with other types of autosomal recessive ichthyosis (limited lamellar ichthyosis and non-bullous ichthyosiform erythroderma) had mean levels similar to the controls. Ceramide 1 deficiency may therefore define a subgroup within the autosomal recessive ichthyoses. Sjögren-Larsson syndrome (SLS) shows a deficiency of both acyl-ceramides (ceramides 1 and 6), which would seem likely to disrupt the normal skin barrier function. Furthermore, glucosyl-ceramides (cerebrosides) are known to be deficient in the neural tissue of patients with SLS. The relationship of these ceramide abnormalities to the underlying fatty alcohol oxidoreductase defect remains uncertain, but they may provide an interesting link between the nerve damage and cutaneous abnormalities seen in this rare neurodermatosis.
bcl-2 expression reliably distinguishes trichoepitheliomas from basal cell carcinomas
Authors: SMOLLER B.R. , VAN DE RIJN M. , LEBRUN D. , WARNKE R.A. 
Published: July 2006

Summary
Trichoepitheliomas (TE) are benign follicular neoplasms which are frequently confused with basal cell carcinomas (BCC). It is important to distinguish these entities precisely, as the treatments and prognoses are different. To this end, we stained a series of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens of unequivocal TE and BCC with antibodies directed against bcl-2, an oncogene associated with programmed cell death, and known to be overexpressed in some malignant tumours. The TE showed staining of tumour cells limited to the outermost layer of the proliferation. The BCC tumour cells demonstrated diffuse staining throughout the tumour nodules. This difference in staining pattern was then applied to more equivocal cases, and seemed clearly to separate the entities. The observed findings may prove to be of diagnostic help in distinguishing borderline cases, and also offer some possible explanations for the biological differences between these neoplasms.
Childhood Jessner's lymphocytic infiltrate of the skin
Authors: HIGGINS C.R. , PWAKEEL R.A. , CERIO R. 
Published: July 2006

Summary
We report a case of Jessner's lymphocytic infiltrate of the skin in an 11-year-old boy. This benign lymphocytic infiltrate was originally described in 1953, and classically occurs in middle-aged men. Its occurrence in children appears to be very rare, and there are only two other case reports in the literature.
Mucosal lichen sclerosus/lichen planus overlap syndromes
Authors: MARREN P. , MILLARD P. , CHIA Y. , WOJNAROWSKA F. 
Published: July 2006

Summary
Lichen sclerosus and lichen planus affecting cutaneous sites are easily distinguishable clinically. Clinical signs on mucosal sites, however, may not allow differentiation between these diseases, and reliance is frequently placed on histopathological findings.
We report a series of seven patients with clinical evidence of coexisting vulval lichen sclerosus and lichenoid oral lesions. All patients had vulval biopsies, and four had oral biopsies. Histology of all the vulval biopsy specimens showed features consistent with lichen sclerosus. Two of these patients developed vulval intraepithelial neoplasia during the course of their disease, and one progressed to a well-differentiated squamous carcinoma. Histology of the oral lesions showed features that were predominantly those of lichen planus. There are, however, few reports of histologically proven oral lichen sclerosus. Variations in histopathological descriptions of lichen sclerosus, depending on duration of disease, have been reported, particularly with regard to the position of the inflammatory infiltrate in relation to the dermo-epidermal junction. We believe that these patients may have oral lichen sclerosus, or at the very least make up a distinctive group who need to be identified and followed up, as their risk of oral dysplasia is unknown.
The Hoard of Cyzicenes and Shrine of Demeter at Myrmekion
Authors: Chistov Dmitrii , Butyagin Alexander 
Published: July 2006

AbstractOn August 20, 2003, in the course of excavations of the ancient settlement of Myrmekion (Ukraine, town of Kerch) the State Hermitage expedition discovered a hoard of electrum staters from the town of Cyzicus. The hoard had been kept in a bronze jug hidden under masonry. It contained 99 well-preserved coins that belong to 53 types, mostly dating from the 5th century BC (2nd and 3rd groups according to H. Fritze). One of the types (a sitting warrior wearing a helmet with a bow placed to the right of him) is unique. The building under which the hoard was found had been a sanctuary constructed in the 4th century BC. However the wall where the hoard comes from was constructed not before the 370s BC, so coins from Cyzicus cannot be dated to an earlier period. Most probably the hoard was not a private property but part of the temple's treasures concealed in some unclear circumstances. The hoard, by its size, is comparable to similar finds from Prinkipo, Clazomenae, Piraeus and Orlovka. The hoard from Myrmekion is the only one obtained by a museum in its integrity and whose archaeological origin is clear. The sanctuary, in which the hoard was found, is known as the "Demeter sanctuary". It occupied an area of more than 500 m2, in the center of which there was a premise with a stone altar. The archaeological context proves that the hoard could have been hidden not earlier than 375-350 BC.