bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficient Detection of Focal Cortical Dysplasia Using Novel Two Fold Attention Mechanism
Authors: Gopika N. , Kowshalya A. Meena 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Focal Cortical Dysplasia (FCD) is a malformation of cortical development that leads to frequent pharmacological pediatric epilepsy. The only treatment for FCD is surgery, and the use of imaging techniques helps physicians plan the surgery. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is an effective tool to predict the FCD lesion. The automatic segmentation of FCD lesions technique may help locate the lesions in the patient’s MRI slices. This research work proposes a novel two fold attention mechanism namely Hybrid Attention Gate_U shaped encoder decoder Network (HAG_UNET) model to detect the FCD accurately. The proposed model exploiting its novel attention mechanism is effective in accurate FCD lesion detection. The model tends to identify crucial features for FCD detection using the proposed novel two fold attention mechanism compared to state of art model. Experiment are done in python using standard datasets. A total of 11 subjects are used for the experiment. Metrics, namely IOU, precision, recall, and F1_score, are used for evaluation. Compared to UNET, the proposed model showed 5.89%, 4.92% and 3.15% improvement in terms of IOU, Recall and F1_score respectively. Compared to Attention_UNET, the proposed model showed 5.03%, 4.9%, 1.34% and 2.1% improvements in terms of IOU, Recall, Precision and F1_score respectively.
Hymenopteran groups' role in ecological indication along the last traditionally managed meadows in Eastern Europe
Authors: Demeter Imre , Lajos Károly , Balog Adalbert , Sárospataki Miklós 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
During this research, the role of wild bees and cavity-nesting Hymenopteran species as indicators was examined, along the unique combination of high nature value and traditional land use habitats. We encountered a high diversity of wild bees was detected, but also a significant species replacement from one study year to another. Among the nests building species, Trypoxylon sp. showed a considerably stronger dominance in the second year (72.23% of all nests), which may be due to changes in spider prey densities. The number of nests built by the two solitary bee taxa Megachile and Osmia also increased for the second year of our study. There are several possible explanations for these differences, one of which could be a considerable change in temperature between the two years, or the effect of possible competition with honeybees. The different taxonomic groups of wild bees and cavity-nesting Hymenopterans showed differences in their habitat affinities. The majority of the sampled bumblebee species had an affinity towards the sampling sites located within the highly protected areas. In contrast to this, the three groups of more common solitary bees (Andrena, Halictus and Lasioglossum spp.) mostly showed stronger affinities towards the less protected and thus more human-influenced sampling areas. In addition, we registered that landscape structure had no significant effects on the number of (occupied) brood cells for most of the cavity-nesting Hymenopteran groups. From these groups, landscape structure had the clearest effect on the nests built by the wasp Trypoxylon sp., especially when looking at the data from both study years together. Altogether, we can conclude that different habitat preferences of Hymenopteran groups can be detected in these rare semi-natural landscapes. However, in future studies several other factors have to be tested to see the whole picture in these preferences. As only few such habitats still remain in Europe and as the maintenance of insect biodiversity is crucial for well-functioning ecosystems, our results can be important for future researches in areas both less or more strongly influenced by humans.
Psychosocial effects of retirement on the elderly: a systematic review
Authors: Kitsaki Maria , Katsiroumpa Aglaia , Zioga Stavroula , Moisoglou Ioannis , Galanis Petros 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Retirement, as an important transition in life which is characterized by changes at the social, economic and psychological level, is associated with many factors that can contribute to development of psychopathology in later life. Understanding how these risk factors impact health and well-being of older adults is expected to highlight opportunities to promote mental health during this transition.
Objective
To identify and evaluate literature on the effects of retirement on mental health, life satisfaction, loneliness, and changes in social networks. Moreover, we examined protective and risk factors for mental health and well-being after retirement.
Methods
The literature search was performed in Scopus until October 02, 2023, using the following search strategy in all fields: (elderly OR seniors) AND (retirement OR pension) AND (transition) AND (depression OR anxiety OR “mental health” OR socialization OR loneliness).
Results
Applying the inclusion criteria, we found 23 studies that investigated both protective and risk factors for postretirement mental health. We found that both involuntary and early retirement were associated with greater risk of reporting major depression and worse perceived health, while positive attitudes toward aging were associated with increased participation in leisure activities after retirement. Other risk factors for developing depressive symptoms were poor working conditions and spousal assistance in activities of daily living. Lastly, the social support network was a protective factor, as it was related to better physical health and less loneliness.
Conclusions
Evidence indicated that early and involuntary retirement are possible risk factors for mental health, however the results couldn’t support that an extension of working life beyond retirement age would be beneficial. Taking into account the above, we suggest that pension reforms should be adapted according to circumstances such as the country, professional sector, needs and preferences of the population. Therefore, designing a pension policy that would provide flexibility regarding the timing of retirement is expected to be more beneficial compared to the current, age-based pension policies.
Improving Autonomy and Natural Interaction of Pepper Robot via Large Language Models
Authors: Becerra Luccas Rojas , Colmenares Juan Andrés Romero , Manrique Rubén 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The field of Social Robotics is concerned with the development and enhancement of robots as interactive social companions and tools, aimed at aiding humans in a variety of tasks. Despite the ongoing progress, a primary issue encountered is the discrepancy between human instructions and the robot's interpretation and execution of these directives. Often, this is attributed to the deterministic nature of pre-defined programming, resulting in poor performance during tasks that deviate from this programming. This research contributes to this problem and proposes a solution to this predicament by enhancing the autonomous function and interaction of a Pepper robot through the assessment of a Large Language Model (LLMs). By leveraging LLM capabilities, the objective is to create a system allowing the robot to autonomously interpret instructions given in natural language to perform general-purpose tasks. The study involves the comparison of different LLMs proficiency in generating code commands for robotics. The assessment of the quality and efficiency of the produced code will be grounded upon the results of code execution, leveraging diverse strategies and code abstraction tiers. The evaluation methodology combines automated tests along with human evaluations. Our principal contribution encompasses the development of a task-processing system that links natural language instructions to robotic operations. Furthermore, our analysis revealed that precisely 400 out of 720 algorithmically generated tasks successfully passed the automated runtime execution evaluation. Among the LLMs scrutinized, GPT-4 registered the highest success rate in task completion (50.8%).
A Study on the Psychometric Properties of the Chinese Version of the Parent Tic Questionnaire
Authors: Ding Qiang , Woods Douglas W. , Barber Kathryn E. , Xu Wen , Zhao Ying , Shen Shuqin , Sun Jinhua 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Introduction The Parent Tic Questionnaire (PTQ) is a tool for parents to assess their child's tic severity, but its effectiveness in non-Western contexts like China has not been thoroughly examined. This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the PTQ in assessing motor and vocal tic severity among Chinese children diagnosed with tic disorders. Method Parents of 268 Chinese children and adolescents aged 6–17 years, diagnosed with tic disorders, completed the PTQ. The study assessed tic severity using the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS) and PTQ. Additionally, obsessive-compulsive symptoms were measured using the Children Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS), and other behavioral problems were evaluated using the Conners’ Parent Rating Scale (CPRS-48). Results The PTQ showed acceptable to good internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.68 for motor, 0.78 for vocal, and 0.79 for total tic scores) and good to excellent two-week test-retest reliability (intraclass correlations, ICC = 0.74 for motor, 0.81 for vocal, and 0.79 for total tic scores). It demonstrated good convergent validity with the YGTSS and effective discriminant validity from obsessive-compulsive and internalizing symptoms (i.e., anxiety and psychosomatic). Discussion The findings indicate that the Chinese version of the PTQ is a reliable and valid tool for assessing tic severity in Chinese children with tic disorders, offering significant implications for clinical assessment in diverse cultural contexts.
Expansion and diversification of the Glycine max (Gm) ERD15-like subfamily of the PAM2-like superfamily
Authors: Fraga Otto T. , Silva Lucas A.C. , Silva José Cleydson F. , Bevitori Rosangela , Pereira Welison A. , Reis Pedro A.B. , Fontes Elizabeth P. B. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The PAM2 motif represents a binding site for poly (A) binding proteins (PABP), often associated with RNA metabolism regulation. The PAM2-containing protein ERD15 stands out as a critical regulator of diverse stress responses in plants. Despite the relevance of the PAM2 motif, a comprehensive analysis of the PAM2 superfamily and ERD15-like subfamily in the plant kingdom is lacking. Here, we provide an extensive in silico analysis of the PAM2 superfamily and the ERD15-like subfamily in soybean, using Arabidopsis and rice sequences as prototypes. The Glycine maxERD15-like subfamily members were clustered in pairs, likely originating from DNA-based gene duplication, as the paralogs display high sequence conservation, similar exon/intron genome organization, and are undergoing purifying selection. Complementation analyses of an aterd15 mutant demonstrated that the plant ERD15-like subfamily members are functionally redundant in response to drought, osmotic stress, and dark-induced senescence. Nevertheless, the soybean members display differential expression profiles, biochemical activity, and subcellular localization, consistent with functional diversification. The expression profile of Glyma04G138600 under salicylic acid (SA) and abscisic acid (ABA) treatments differed oppositely from the other GmERD15-like genes. Furthermore, abiotic stress-induced coexpression analysis with soybean PABPs showed that Glyma04G138600 was clustered separately from other GmERD15s. In contrast to the AtERD15 stress-induced nuclear redistribution, Glyma04G138600 and Glyma02G260800 localized in the cytoplasm, while Glyma03G131900 fractionated between the cytoplasm and nucleus under normal and stress conditions. These data collectively indicate that despite modulating senescence and drought responses, the GmERD15-like subfamily members are differentially induced by multiple stresses and may diverge partially in stress signaling functions.
Main conclusion
Despite modulating senescence and drought responses, the GmERD15-like subfamily members are differentially induced by multiple stresses and diverge partially in stress signaling functions.
Water and food insecurity and linkages with physical and sexual intimate partner violence among urban refugee youth in Kampala, Uganda: cross-sectional survey findings
Authors: Logie Carmen H. , Okumu Moses , Tailor Lauren S. , Taing Lina , Dorea Caetano , Mbuagbaw Lawrence , Hakiza Robert , Kibuuka-Musoke Daniel , Katisi Brenda , Nakitende Aidah , Kyambadde Peter , MacKenzie Frannie , Admassu Zerihun 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Water insecurity (WI) and food insecurity (FI), each associated with violence exposure, are understudied in urban humanitarian settings. We conducted a cross-sectional survey with urban refugee youth in Kampala, Uganda to examine: (a) social-ecological correlates of WI, FI, and concurrent FI and WI; (b) associations between WI and FI with recent sexual and physical intimate partner violence (IPV); and (c) associations between an Index of Vulnerability (IoV) comprised of social-ecological stressors (e.g., FI, WI) and recent physical/sexual IPV. Among participants (n = 340; mean age: 21.1 years, standard deviation: 2.6) almost half (47.8%) reported WI and two-thirds (65.0%) FI. In adjusted analyses, time in Uganda, age, and insecure housing were associated with increased odds of WI and concurrent FI and WI; household toilet sharing and insecure housing were associated with increased odds of FI. In adjusted analyses, WI, concurrent FI and WI, housing insecurity, and parenthood were associated with higher sexual IPV odds. FI and parenthood were associated with increased odds of physical IPV. IoV scores were associated with physical/sexual IPV, and IoV scores accounted for more variance in physical/sexual IPV than any individual indicator. Future research can address WI and co-occurring resource insecurities to reduce gender-based water-related violence risks.
Evaluation of hydrological regime alteration and ecological flow processes in the changing environment of the Jialing River, China
Authors: Guo Wenxian , Wang Gaozhen , Ma Yinchu , Hong Fengtian , Huang Lintong , Yang Huan , Jiao Xuyang , He Ning , Wang Hongxiang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Ecological flow is a key element in maintaining the biodiversity of a basin's aquatic ecosystem. This study quantifies the degree of hydrological regime alteration in the Jialing River and the contributions of various driving factors using the indicators of hydrologic alteration and range of variability approach (IHA-RVA), the river impact method (RI), and the elasticity coefficient method based on long-term hydro-meteorological data. Cross-wavelet analysis is used to reveal the periodicity and coherence of runoff and driving factors. Additionally, the improved Q90 method presents a more effective annual ecological flow process. The results show that the overall hydrological regime in the Jialing River has undergone a moderate change, with RVA and RI values of 45.02% and 0.66. Human activities contribute 54.68% to the changes in streamflow. Streamflow has an extremely significant correlation with precipitation and aridity index (Φ). Approximately 85% of the wavelet cone of influence (COI) area, tested at a 95% confidence level, falls within the region. The study also found that the ecological flow obtained through the improved Q90 method is more conducive to the healthy development of the river ecosystem in the Jialing River. These findings can provide some assistance for aquatic ecosystem restoration in the Jialing River.
Dynamic nexus between agricultural water consumption, economic growth and food security
Authors: Zhou Fang 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Water, energy and food (WEF) are important strategic resources for economic development in arid agriculture-based regions. Analyzing development indicators in the management of limited resources to achieve sustainability on a time scale is one of the basic goals of this research. Therefore, a system dynamics model was developed to analyze the WEF system resource flow relationship to achieve sustainable resource development. First, the subsystems of WEF resources were created and their dynamic relationship was formed in the form of a logical loop in a 10-year time frame. The evolution of 7 years (from 2015 to 2022) was taken into consideration to predict the 3-year period (from 2023 to 2025). The results showed that the reduction of water resources exploitation rate in China in interaction with agricultural productivity has automatically improved energy consumption and the nexus index. In China, a dynamic balance between WEF with a focus on water is recommended for planning.
Quassinoids from Eurycoma longifolia as Potential Dihydrofolate
Reductase Inhibitors: A Computational Study
Authors: Yunos Nurhanan Murni , Al-Thiabat Mohammad Gasem , Sallehudin Nor Jannah , Wahab Habibah A 
Published: March 2024

Background:
Quassinoids are degraded triterpene compounds that can be obtained
from various species of the Simaroubaceae plant family, including Eurycoma longifolia. Quassinoids
are the major compounds in E. longifolia, and they are known to have various medicinal
potentials, such as anticancer and antimalarial properties. Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) was
reported to be one of the important targets for certain anticancer and antimalarial drugs. Twelve
quassinoids from E. longifolia were identified to have anticancer effects based on their IC50 values.
This study aimed to evaluate the interactions of these twelve quassinoids with DHFR via
Autodock 4.2 software and Biovia Discovery Studio Visualiser.

Methods:
Twelve quassinoids from E. longifolia and their interactions with DHFR were evaluated
via Autodock 4.2 software and Biovia Discovery Studio Visualiser. Their drug-likeness and
pharmacokinetic properties were also assessed using the ADMETlab 2.0 program.

Results:
The molecular docking results showed that eleven quassinoids showed better docking
scores than methotrexate, in which the binding energy (BE) of these quassinoids ranged from -
7.87 to -9.58 kcal/mol. Their inhibition constant (Ki) ranged from 0.095 to 1.71 μM. At the same
time, the BE and Ki values for methotrexate were -7.80 kcal/mol and 1.64 μM, respectively.

Conclusion:
From the analysis, 6-dehydrolongilactone and eurycomalide B are among the
twelve compounds that showed great potential as hit-to-lead compounds based on the docking
score on DHFR, drug-likeness, and ADMET properties. These results suggest a great potential to
pursue validation studies via in vitro and in vivo models.
Non-Receptor Type PTPases and their Role in Controlling Pathways
Related to Diabetes and Liver Cancer Signalling
Authors: Chaudhary Nidhee , Kiranmayee Bellam 
Published: March 2024

Abstract:
The role of non-receptor type Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase (PTPases) in controlling
pathways related to diabetes and Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is significant. The insulin
signal transduction pathway is regulated by the steady-state phosphorylation of tyrosyl residues
of the insulin receptor and post-receptor substrates. PTPase has been shown to have a physiological
role in the regulation of reversible tyrosine phosphorylation. There are several non-receptor
type PTPases. PTPase containing the SH-2 domain (SHP-2) and the non-receptor type PTPase
(PTP1B; encoded by the PTPN1 gene) are involved in negative regulation of the insulin signaling
pathway, thereby indicating that the pathway can be made more efficient by the reduction in
the activity of specific PTPases. Reduction in insulin resistance may be achieved by drugs targeting
these specific enzymes. The modifications in the receptor and post-receptor events of
insulin signal transduction give rise to insulin resistance, and a link between insulin-resistant
states and HCC has been established. The cancer cells thrive on higher levels of energy and their
growth gets encouraged since insulin-resistant states lead to greater glucose levels. Cancer, hyperglycemia,
and hypoglycemia are highly linked through various pathways hence, clarifying
the molecular mechanisms through which non-receptor type PTPase regulates the insulin signal
transduction is necessary to find an effective target for cancer. Targeting the pathways related to
PTPases; both receptor and non-receptor types, may lead to an effective candidate to fight
against diabetes and HCC.
Exploring Potential of Nano-formulations in the Treatment of Alzheimer’s
Disease through Nasal Route
Authors: Tekade Avinash , Kadam Prasad , Jagdale Sachin , Surwade Samiksha , Gaikwad Anil , Pawar Parth , Shinde Rushikesh 
Published: March 2024

Objective::
Alzheimer's disease, a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, severely impacts
cognitive function and daily living. The current treatment provides only symptomatic relief,
and thus, disease-modifying therapies targeting underlying causes are needed. Although several
potential therapies are in various stages of clinical trials, bringing a new Alzheimer's drug to market
remains challenging. Hence, researchers are also exploring monoclonal antibodies, tau protein
inhibitors, and anti-inflammatory drugs as treatment options. Conventionally designed dosage
forms come with limitations like poor absorption, first-pass metabolism, and low bioavailability.
They also cause systemic adverse effects because these designed systems do not provide target-
specific drug delivery. Thus, in this review, the authors highlighted the current advancements
in the development of intranasal nanoformulations for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. This
strategy of delivering anti-Alzheimer drugs through the nasal route may help to target the drug exactly
to the brain, achieve rapid onset of action, avoid first-pass metabolism, and reduce the side
effects and dose required for administration.

Conclusion::
Delivering drugs to the brain through the nasal route for treating Alzheimer's disease
is crucial due to the limited efficacy of existing treatments and the profound impact of the disease
on patients and their families. Thus, by exploring innovative approaches such as nose-to-brain
drug delivery, it is possible to improve the quality of life for individuals living with Alzheimer's
and alleviate its societal burden.
The Unveiling of Therapeutic Targets for Alzheimer’s Disease: An
Integrative Review
Authors: Madar Pratiksha , Nagalapur Pooja , Chaudhari Somdatta , Sharma Devesh , Koparde Akshada , Buchade Rahul , Kshirsagar Sandip , Uttekar Pravin , Jadhav Shailaja , Chaudhari Praveen 
Published: March 2024

Abstract:
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by a complex pathological landscape, necessitating
a comprehensive treatment approach. This concise review paper delves into the idea of addressing
multiple mechanisms in AD, summarizing the latest research findings on pathogenesis,
risk factors, diagnostics, and therapeutic strategies. The etiology of AD is multifaceted, involving
genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. The primary feature is the accumulation of amyloid--
beta and tau proteins, leading to neuroinflammation, synaptic dysfunction, oxidative stress, and
neuronal loss. Conventional single-target therapies have shown limited effectiveness, prompting a
shift toward simultaneously addressing multiple disease-related processes. Recent advancements
in AD research underscore the potential of multifaceted therapies. This review explores strategies
targeting both tau aggregation and amyloid-beta, along with interventions to alleviate neuroinflammation,
enhance synaptic function, and reduce oxidative stress. In conclusion, the review emphasizes
the growing importance of addressing various pathways in AD treatment. A holistic approach
that targets different aspects of the disease holds promise for developing effective treatments
and improving the quality of life for Alzheimer's patients and their caregivers.