bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Caesarean section in the Java monkey (Macaca irus)—a case report
Authors: MOSDØL GUNVALD 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTA case of Caesarean section in the Java monkey (Macaca irus) carried out under ketamine chloride anaesthesia, is described. Approach to the foetus was made through the linea alba and a longitudinal incision in the uterine body. Comparative uterine and placental anatomy of significance for evaluating operative technique is described.
Peptic ulceration in a dog associated with an islet cell carcinoma of the pancreas and an elevated plasma gastrin level
Authors: JONES B. R. , NICHOLLS M. R. , BADMAN R. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTThe history, clinical signs and post‐mortem findings in a 6‐year‐old, male, Boxer dog with peptic ulceration and a tumour derived from islet cells of the pancreas are described. The immunoreactive circulating plasma gastrin in this dog was elevated and measured 360 pg/ml (normal range 23–104 pg/ml). The findings in this dog are similar to those described for Zollinger‐Ellison syndrome in man. It is possible that the pathogenesis of peptic ulceration in this case is similar to that of Zollinger‐Ellison syndrome.
Adenocarcinoma of the extrahepatic bile duct in a cat
Authors: BARSANTI J. A. , HIGGINS R. J. , SPANO J. S. , JONES B. D. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTA scirrhous adenocarcinoma of the extrahepatic bile duct was shown by histopathological examination to be the cause of obstructive jaundice in an 11‐year‐old female Siamese cat. In addition to icterus, the cat's clinical signs included depression, anorexia, vomiting, constipation, weight loss and dehydration. Symptomatic therapy relieved the anorexia, constipation, dehydration and depression, but jaundice, weight loss and occasional vomiting continued during the 2‐month course of illness. Serum cholesterol and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) remained elevated and serum bilirubin and serum alkaline phosphatase (SAP) values progressively increased from the cat's initial presentation to its death 2 months later. At necropsy the tumour was found to involve only the extrahepatic bile duct. Neoplasia of the extrahepatic biliary system has been reported only twice in domesticated animals (Patnaik et al., 1975; Feldman, Strafuss & Gabbert, 1976).
A gonioscopic study of the iridocorneal angle in the English and American breeds of Cocker Spaniel and the Basset Hound
Authors: Bedford P. G. C. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTClosure of the iridocorneal angle is the cause of a primary form of glaucoma which occurs in certain breeds of dog, but the precise mechanism involved in that closure is not completely understood. However, narrowness of the angle is considered to be the important predisposing factor, and in gonioscopic survey work the author has demonstrated that angle narrowness occurs with some frequency in the English Cocker Spaniel and Basset Hound breeds.
Reticulosis of the visual system in a dog
Authors: Smith J. S. , de Lahunta A. , Riis R. C. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTA 7‐year‐old male Kerry Blue Terrier had been compensating for a visual deficit for approximately 2 months. Five days before examination, the dog had suddenly lost all vision and the pupils had become widely dilated and unresponsive to light. Ophthalmic examination revealed inflammation of the optic discs. Response to therapy was favourable but temporary.Post mortem findings consisted of granulomatous optic neuritis, meningoencephalitis and chorioretinitis, similar to reticulosis.
Isolation rates of feline respiratory viruses in local cat populations
Authors: Jensen M. M. , Buell D. J. , McKim R. M. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTRespiratory and conjunctival secretions were collected from fifty‐nine cats living in a rural environment and 128 cats living in an urban environment. All cats were showing some signs of respiratory disease. Feline caliciviruses or feline rhinotracheitis viruses were isolated from 16% and 56% of the cats from the urban and rural areas respectively. The caliciviruses were serologically related.
Bacterial endocarditis in the dog
Authors: Murdoch D. B. , Baker† J.R. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTThe literature on bacterial endocarditis is reviewed. The condition is illustrated by three cases in which the findings on clinical, radiological, electrocardiographical, bacteriological and post‐mortem examinations are described. In one case a 2‐year‐old Boxer, the causal organism was an atypical Corynebacterium and in another, a 6‐year‐old Alsatian, it was Proteus vulgaris. Neither of these organisms have been previously associated with canine bacterial endocarditis. The third case is an example of a chronic, long standing lesion, from which no organisms were isolated.
Anaemia in the dog: an analysis of laboratory data
Authors: Hinton M. , Jones D. R.E. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTBlood samples from 1063 dogs, suffering mainly from medical conditions, were examined haematologically. Of these 203 (191%) had haemoglobin values of ≤ 11–9g/dl and 85 (80%) ≤9.9g/dl. The incidence of anaemia was higher in dogs either under 1 year or over 10 years of age but there was no difference between the sexes. A leukopaenia or a leukocytosis was frequently observed in anaemic dogs.
The surgical treatment of canine glaucoma
Authors: Bedford P. G. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTThe success of glaucoma therapy depends wholely upon the ability to restore rapidly an elevated intraocular pressure to normal, and subsequently to maintain adequate aqueous drainage. In the dog, the extent of synechial occlusion within the iridocorneal angle is often such that medical therapy proves to be of little or no lasting value, and a surgical approach is essential if ocular structure and function are to be preserved. The author has recently evaluated several techniques of glaucoma surgery in sixty‐one patients, and his results now indicate that corneoscleral trephination combined with peripheral iridectomy offers the greatest chance of success in the treatment of this condition.
The use of hydrophilic contact lenses in corneal diseases of the dog and cat: A preliminary report
Authors: Schmidt G. M. , Blanchard G. L. , Keller W. F. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTTwo types of hydrophilic contact lenses were tested in dogs and cats as part of the therapeutic régime of recurrent corneal erosions, superficial corneal ulcers and keratoconjunctivitis sicca. It was found that the lenses are well tolerated by these species when properly fitted to the cornea. If the lenses were not properly fitted, they were lost before their therapeutic effectiveness could be evaluated. The use of hydrophilic contact lenses appeared to be beneficial in the treatment of superificial corneal ulcers and recurrent corneal erosions in the dog and cat, but ineffective in the treatment of keratoconjunctivitis sicca.
Angiosarcoma in cats
Authors: Patnaik A. K. , Liu S.‐K. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTIn a survey of 3145 feline necropsies at The Animal Medical Centre, eighteen cases of haemangiosarcoma and one case of lymphangiosarcoma were diagnosed. The haemangiosarcomas were primarily located in the spleen (four), liver (six), mesentery (four), mediastinum (three) and the lungs (one). The lymphangiosarcoma was seen in the skin and subcutaneous tissue of the abdominal wall and thighs. The clinical, macroscopic, and microscopic features of these tumours have been described. The most common clinical signs in the case of haemangiosarcoma were due to the rupture of the primary or metastatic neoplasms (70%). Metastases wese observed in 67% of the cases. Three main histological types (1, cavernous; 2, solid; and 3, capillaries separated by stroma) were observed, although mixtures of more than one histological type were seen in any one particular tumour. Rare cases of pulmonary haemangiosarcoma and lymphangiosarcoma in the cat have also been described.
Chronic respiratory disease in the dog*
Authors: Wheeldon E. B. , Pirie H. M. , Fisher E. W. , Lee R. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTThis paper describes the essential features of the conditions causing chronic respiratory disease in the dog including: chronic bronchitis, bronchiectasis, primary and secondary lung tumours, filaroidiasis, actino‐mycotic infections and tuberculosis. Epidemiology, diagnostic clinical signs and methods of treatment are emphasized. A consideration of hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy is included since it frequently occurs in conjunction with chronic respiratory disease and may be a useful diagnostic marker.
The value of plasma fibrinogen estimations in dogs. A comparison with total leucocyte and neutrophil counts
Authors: Sutton R. H. , Johnstone Mary 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTPlasma fibrinogen levels were measured by a simple refractometry method on 552 dog blood samples submitted from clinical cases for routine haematological examination. Sixty samples with total leucocyte and neutrophil counts within the defined normal range had elevated fibrinogen levels. The majority of these samples were from animals with a disease condition. It was concluded, because of this, and because of the simplicity of the method, that fibrinogen estimations are a worthwhile addition to the routine haematological examination of dog blood.
The influence of anaesthesia on bronchography in dogs
Authors: Clarke K. W. , Webbon P. M. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTThe spread of the contrast medium, Dionosil Aqueous (Glaxo),* in the bronchi of three healthy dogs was investigated under a variety of anaesthetic techniques. The most reliable results were obtained when intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV) was applied following anaesthetic techniques incorporating the use of neuromuscular blocking agents. Good results were also obtained using trichloroethylene anaesthesia. The reliability of results obtained using relaxant techniques was confirmed in clinical cases.
A study of the radiographic anatomy of the cervical spine in the dog
Authors: Wright Jayne A. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTCervical radiographs, with the neck in varying positions, were made of a series of dogs belonging to different breeds, all with conditions unrelated to the spine. Post‐mortem myelograms were carried out on a small number, and the cervical vertebrae macerated. Measurement of cervical angles, and sagittal diameters of the neural canal were obtained from the plain radiographs. The relative positions of adjacent vertebrae were noted. The sagittal diameter values were compared with those calculated from the myelograms and isolated vertebrae.The vertebral angles showed a wide variation, the vertebrae moved relatively to one another as the position of the neck was varied, and the sagittal diameters showed good correlation between plain radiographs, myelograms and isolated vertebrae.
Transperineal punch biopsy of the canine prostate gland
Authors: Weaver A. D. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTTransperineal punch biopsy using an obturator‐canula assembly (‘Tru‐cut’) was performed successfully under general anaesthesia in twenty‐three dogs suspected of having prostatic disease. Diagnostic portions of tissue were obtained in all cases. One dog developed transient post‐operative orchitis and scrotal oedema.
The diagnosis and treatment of mange in the guinea‐pig caused by Trixacarus (Caviacoptes) caviae (Fain, Hovell & Hyatt, 1972)*
Authors: Thoday Keith L. , Beresford‐Jones W. P. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTThe clinical features exhibited by ten privately‐owned guinea‐pigs in nine independent outbreaks of skin disease due to Trixacarus (Caviacoptes) caviae are described. The severity of the condition was related to the duration of the clinical signs but followed a constant pattern of pruritus, increased keratinization and alopecia. The diagnosis was confirmed by the demonstration of the mite in skin scrapings. One animal died before treatment but gamma benzene hexachloride washes produced complete resolution in the remainder.
Feline viral respiratory disease: a review with particular reference to its epizootiology and control
Authors: GASKELL ROSALIND M. , WARDLEY R. C. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTThe two major causes of feline viral respiratory disease are feline viral rhinotracheitis virus and feline calicivirus. This paper reviews the present state of knowledge concerning these viral agents, the clinical syndromes they produce, their maintenance in the cat population including recent developments in the understanding of their carrier states, and finally the methods by which they spread. The second part of the paper attempts to correlate this information in a section which deals with the practical problems of prevention and control; management factors pertinent to the control of respiratory disease and problems of vaccine development and vaccine use are discussed. A short section on treatment is included.
Gastro–oesophageal intussusception in an adult dog
Authors: ROWLAND M. G. , ROBINSON M. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTA case of oesophageal intussusception of the stomach in a 9–year–old 351b cross–bred male dog is reported. This condition has previously been recorded only in young animals, often in the first few weeks of life. The history and post mortem findings are described, the aetiology is discussed and the literature briefly reviewed.
Pituitary dwarfism in German Shepherd Dogs: a genetic analysis of some Australian data
Authors: NICHOLAS FRANK 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTEight pituitary dwarfs have been born recently in six different litters from registered German Shepherd parents in the Sydney region of New South Wales, Australia. A genetic analysis has been carried out to determine whether there is any hereditary basis to the syndrome.In agreement with recent Danish findings, the Australian data indicate that pituitary dwarfism is inherited as an autosomal recessive condition, with the possibility that some recessive homozygotes die before or soon after birth. Thus the observed proportion of dwarfs in a litter from heterozygous parents is often less than 25%.
The clinical management of neoplasia – 1. Diagnosis and prognosis
Authors: YOXALL A. T. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTDiagnosis of malignancy almost always rests upon a histopathological examination of the lesion, and the importance of establishing the histological nature of the disease as early as possible is emphasized. Factors affecting prognosis are enumerated and discussed. Early diagnosis and an understanding of prognostic features are prerequisites to planning a vigorous and rational treatment regime from the initial presentation of the case; such an approach may improve the survival and quality of life for tumour–bearing animals.
The antibiotic resistance of pathogenic staphylococci and streptococci isolated from dogs
Authors: HINTON M. , MARSTON M. , HEDGES ROSA 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTThe antibiotic resistance of strains of Staphylococcus aureus and beta–haemolytic streptococci of canine origin were assessed against eight drugs using the disc diffusion technique. Of 398 strains of Staph, aureus eight were resistant to neomycin, 15 to ampicillin, 23 to lincomycin, while of 87 streptococci, one was resistant to ampicillin, two to lincomycin and four to penicillin. In addition 4 of 340 Staph, aureus strains tested against cloxacillin were resistant.
Hydronephrosis and hydro–ureter in a kitten – a case report
Authors: NORTH D. C. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTAn 8–week–old kitten presented with a distended abdomen, dribbling of urine and vulval prolapse, was found to have a unilateral hydronephrosis and hydro–ureter. Following nephrectomy the kitten made an uneventful recovery.
Histiocytic ulcerative colitis in a French Bulldog
Authors: VAN DER GAAG INGRID , Van TOORENBURG JIK , VOORHOUT G. , HAPPE R. P. , AALFS R. H. G. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTA case of histiocytic ulcerative colitis (granulomatous colitis) in a one–year–old female French Bulldog is described. Until now this disease has been described only in the Boxer breed.The dog had an increased frequency of defaecation and the faeces contained blood and mucus. Colonoscopy showed some irregularities and a few haemorrhages in the mucosa of the caudal part of the colon. At a distance of approximately 25 cm from the anus there was a stricture caused by rigidity of the colon wall. Radiographic examination revealed marked shortening of the colon. There was also narrowing of the midpoint of the descending colon in some radiographs, but the colon appeared to be fully distensible when filled with barium. Histologically, periodic acid–Schiff (PAS)–positive staining histiocytes were found in biopsy and autopsy specimens from the colon.
Clinical management of the feline urological syndrome
Authors: GASKELL C. J. , DENNY H. R. , JACKSON O. F. , WEAVER A. D. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTThe management of cases of the feline urological syndrome (FUS) is described with particular reference to urethral obstruction in the male cat. Treatment of the obstructive episode and in the post–obstruction period and the prevention of recurrence of blockage in the longer term are discussed and a technique for perineal urethrostomy described.
The use of electromyography and nerve conduction studies in the evaluation of lower motor neurone disease or injury
Authors: GRIFFITHS IAN R. , DUNCAN IAN D. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTElectromyography and electrophysiological studies of motor and sensory nerve fibres can be performed in the dog and provide clinically useful information. This paper discusses the use of these techniques in the diagnosis and evaluation of diseases and injuries of the lower motor neurone. The electrophysiological and pathological abnormalities are correlated and discussed. Using such techniques it is usually possible to decide if a muscle is totally or partially denervated or reinnervating and to indicate the major pathological process(es) in peripheral nerves.
Activated coagulation times of whole blood in normal dogs and dogs with coagulopathies
Authors: MIDDLETON DEBORAH J. , WATSON A. D. J. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTThe activated coagulation time (ACT) of whole blood was determined at 37C and at room temperature for 42 normal dogs and eight dogs with naturally–occurring or experimentally–induced coagulation defects.Normal ACT values ranged from 64 to 95 seconds at 37C, and 83 to 129 seconds at room temperature. In abnormal dogs, ACT was increased on 14 of 17 occasions that a prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) was recorded: the ACT failed to detect an abnormality on three occasions the APTT was slightly increased. ACT determination at 37C correlated better with APTT than did ACT testing at room temperature.The ACT test is simple, inexpensive and convenient. It is a useful screening test for intrinsic coagulation defects in the dog. It is suggested that the test be performed at 37C: at this temperature an ACT of 95 seconds or more in a dog warrants further investigation.
Radiographic appearance and clinical progress after excision arthroplasty of the canine hip
Authors: DUFF R. , CAMPBELL J. R. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTThis paper describes the radiographic appearance of the proximal femur and acetabulum after excision arthroplasty for chronic hip lameness in the dog. An attempt has been made to correlate the various radiographic appearances with the clinical findings. The fate of spurs of bone left at the site of resection has been investigated. A constant finding was remodelling of the acetabulum and proximal femur; the results of this remodelling are described.
Clinical signs and diagnosis of atopic disease in the dog
Authors: CHAMBERLAIN K. W. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTAtopic disease in dogs is caused by hypersensitivity to foods and/or environmental allergens. The sensitivity is caused by immunoglobulin E which attaches to the surface of basophils and mast cells, causing degranu–lation and discharge of vasoactive amines. The amines cause vasodili–tation, increased vascular permeability, smooth muscle contraction, glandular secretion and nerve irritability.The clinical signs are redness, swelling, pruritus, and if the condition persists or becomes chronic, there is usually rash thickening and often pigmentation and lichenification of the affected areas.The various causes of atopic disease are enumerated followed by a discussion of a systematic diagnostic approach to identify the problem and the specific cause(s) of the problem.
Reflux oesophagitis and stricture formation after anaesthesia: a review of seven cases in dogs and cats
Authors: PEARSON H. , DARKE P. G. G. , GIBBS C. , KELLY D. F. , ORR C. M. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTThe paper describes the clinical, diagnostic and pathological features of oesophageal strictures that developed after various surgical procedures performed under general anaesthesia in five dogs and two cats. Consideration of possible predisposing causes suggests that the complication is due to gastro–oesophageal reflux during anaesthesia.
Oestrus control in bitches with proligestone, a new progestational steroid
Authors: Van OS J. L. , OLDENKAMP E. P. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTA study of oestrus control in bitches with a new type of progestagen, proligestone, in six Dutch and three UK practices is reported. The product was given subcutaneously, regardless of the stage of the sexual cycle and of the usual contraindications for progestagens. A 97% efficacy was obtained with dosages varying from 20–33 mg/kg for the smallest animals to 10–13 mg/kg for the largest animals, when the first treatment was given in anoestrus with repeated treatments after 3 months, 4 months and thereafter every 5 months.Following treatment in pro–oestrus, heat symptoms disappeared in 96% of the animals within 5 days. By retreatment after 3 months, oestrus prevention could be maintained in 97% of these cases.Where the animals had been treated only with proligestone (1608 treatments in 776 bitches) there were five cases of the cystic hyperplasia pyometra complex; none of these occurred after treatment in pro–oestrus. Of the animals previously treated with other progestagens for oestrus control (814 treatments in 307 bitches) there were 11 cases.Forty–one out of 46 bitches which had a history of reproductive disorders did not show signs again.Other side–effects were also negligible (<0–5%). Fertility at the first oestrus after treatment appeared normal.
Oxygen flow rates through a non–rebreathing system for feline anaesthesia
Authors: RAWLINGS C. A. , MORELAND S. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTThe effect of varying oxygen flow rates through a non–rebreathing system during halothane aneasthesia was studied in cats. Flow rates of 100% oxygen were varied between 500 ml/min and 31/min in cats averaging 2–4 kg. Neither hypoxaemia nor hypercarbia developed at any of the flow rates. Mild metabolic acidosis was present at all flow rates. Ventilatory effort at 500 ml/min appeared to be laboured and airway pressures oscillated widely. A flow rate of one 1/min appears to be adequate for pulmonary function of these anaesthetized cats.