bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experience of 3711 stapled haemorrhoidectomy operations
Authors: Ng K-H , Ho K-S , Ooi B-S , Tang C-L , Eu K-W 
Published: December 2005

Abstract

Background
Stapled haemorrhoidectomy has been routinely performed in the Department of Colorectal Surgery, Singapore General Hospital since 1999.

Methods
A retrospective review was undertaken of all patients who underwent stapled haemorrhoidectomy between October 1999 and May 2004. The outcomes studied were patient profiles, priority of operation, indications for surgery, length of operation, postoperative complications and recurrences.

Results
A total of 3711 patients (51·1 per cent women) had the surgery. The median patient age was 50 (range 18–88) years. The main indications were bleeding (80·7 per cent), haemorrhoidal prolapse (59·6 per cent) and thrombosis (3·9 per cent). The median duration of operation was 15 (range 5–45) min. Minor complications occurred in 12·3 per cent of patients: acute retention of urine (4·9 per cent), bleeding (4·3 per cent), significant postoperative pain requiring admission (1·6 per cent), anorectal stricture (1·4 per cent), perianal haematoma (0·05 per cent) and significant residual skin tags (0·05 per cent). One patient developed a perianal abscess after stapled haemorrhoidectomy. Anastomotic dehiscence occurred in three patients (0·08 per cent). Twelve (0·3 per cent) patients had a recurrence at a median of 16 (range 5–45) months.

Conclusion
Considerable experience of stapled haemorrhoidectomy confirms it as a safe and effective procedure.
The palliative value of tumor necrosis factor α‐based isolated limb perfusion in patients with metastatic sarcoma and melanoma
Authors: Grunhagen Dirk J. , de Wilt Johannes H. W. , Graveland Wilfried J. , van Geel Albertus N. , Eggermont Alexander M. M. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDBoth patients with soft tissue sarcoma (STS) and patients with melanoma have limited treatment possibilities once the tumor has metastasized systemically. In patients with extremity STS or bulky melanoma in‐transit metastases, the local tumor burden may be so problematic that, even in patients with systemically metastasized disease, an amputation may be inevitable. Isolated limb perfusion (ILP) has proven to be an excellent, local, limb‐saving treatment option in patients with locally advanced extremity tumors. In this study, the authors investigated the palliative value of the ILP procedure to avoid amputation in patients who had Stage IV STS and melanoma.METHODSFrom 1991 to 2003, of 339 tumor necrosis factor α (TNF)‐based ILPs, 51 procedures were performed for either Stage IV STS (n = 37 patients) or Stage IV melanoma (n = 14 patients). All patients underwent an ILP with TNF and melphalan of the upper limb (n = 4 patients) or the lower limb (n = 47 patients) with 26–140 mg melphalan and 2–4 mg TNF.RESULTSThe overall response in patients with Stage IV STS was 84%, and their median survival was 12 months after ILP. Limb salvage was achieved in 36 of 37 patients, with 1 patient undergoing amputation due to treatment toxicity. In the patients with Stage IV melanoma, the complete response rate was 43%. All patients with melanoma preserved their limb during a median survival of 7 months.CONCLUSIONSTNF‐based ILP is an excellent procedure that provided tumor control and limb salvage for the short survival of patients with metastasized, very bulky, limb‐threatening tumors of the extremity. Cancer 2006. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
Human chorionic gonadotropin β (HCGβ) down‐regulates E‐cadherin and promotes human prostate carcinoma cell migration and invasion
Authors: Wu Wei , Walker Ameae M. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDMembrane‐associated human chorionic gonadotropin β (HCGβ) is correlated with a poor prognosis in localized prostate adenocarcinoma. The relationship between HCGβ and metastasis, however, is unclear.METHODSTo shed some light on the issue, two stable prostate carcinoma cell lines overexpressing HCGβ, designated DU145 HCGβ and PC3 HCGβ, were created and compared with empty vector stably transfected DU145 and PC3 cells (control cells).RESULTSHCGβ expression resulted in a change in morphology; the cells were more elongated and had multiple pseudopodia, while the control cells were more rounded. This change in morphology was duplicated by incubating control cells in conditioned medium from the DU145 HCGβ or PC3 HCGβ cells, or by adding purified HCGβ to control medium. The DU145 HCGβ and PC3 HCGβ cells were also less adherent than the controls, as assessed by the ease with which trypsin‐EDTA could remove them from culture plates. Reduced adherence could be duplicated by incubation of control cells with either conditioned medium or purified HCGβ. Western blot analysis showed that DU145 HCGβ and PC3 HCGβ cells expressed less E‐cadherin than control cells and that a change of medium increased expression of E‐cadherin. Addition of conditioned medium, or purified HCGβ, to control cells down‐regulated E‐cadherin. Cell migration and invasion assays showed that DU145 HCGβ and PC3 HCGβ cells were more migratory and invasive than controls and that treatment of control cells with either conditioned medium or purified HCGβ increased their migratory/invasive capacity.CONCLUSIONThe data indicate that HCGβ is directly responsible for changes in prostate carcinoma cells associated with an increased metastatic phenotype. Cancer 2006. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
The histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor valproic acid as monotherapy or in combination with all‐trans retinoic acid in patients with acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Kuendgen Andrea , Schmid Mathias , Schlenk Richard , Knipp Sabine , Hildebrandt Barbara , Steidl Christian , Germing Ulrich , Haas Rainer , Dohner Hartmut , Gattermann Norbert 
Published: December 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDValproic acid (VPA) inhibits histone deacetylase activity and, synergizing with all‐trans retinoic acid (ATRA), achieves differentiation induction of myeloid blast cells in vitro.METHODSWe used VPA in 58 patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who were too old and/or medically unfit to receive intensive chemotherapy (32 AML secondary to myelodysplastic syndrome [MDS], 22 de novo AML, 4 AML secondary to myeloproliferative syndrome). VPA serum concentrations were 50–100 μg/mL. Thirty‐one patients received VPA monotherapy. ATRA was added later in 13 patients who did not respond or who relapsed. Another 27 patients received VPA plus ATRA from the start. Median treatment duration was 93 days for VPA and 88 days for ATRA.RESULTSThe response rate was only 5% according to International Working Group (IWG) criteria for AML but was 16% when IWG response criteria for MDS were used, which capture hematologic improvement and stabilization of the disease. These endpoints, which are not necessarily correlated with diminishing blast counts, are relevant for the patients' quality of life. Among 23 patients with a peripheral blast count > 5%, 6 (26%) showed a diminishing blast count, and 5 of these had a complete peripheral blast clearance.CONCLUSIONSFuture trials should combine VPA with chemotherapy or demethylating agents. Cancer 2006. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
Salvage chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide for recurrent temozolomide‐refractory anaplastic astrocytoma
Authors: Chamberlain Marc C. , Tsao‐Wei Denice D. , Groshen Susan 
Published: December 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDA prospective Phase II study of cyclophosphamide (CYC) was conducted in adult patients with recurrent temozolomide‐refractory anaplastic astrocytoma (AA) with a primary objective of evaluating 6‐month progression‐free survival (PFS).METHODSForty patients (28 men, 12 women) ages 26–57 years (median, 43 yrs) with neuroradiographically recurrent AA were treated. All patients had previously been treated with surgery and involved‐field radiotherapy. Additionally, all patients were treated with temozolomide (TMZ) chemotherapy after radiotherapy. All patients were treated at recurrence with CYC administered intravenously on 2 consecutive days (750 mg/m2/day) every 4 weeks (operationally defined as a single cycle). Neurologic and neuroradiographic evaluation were performed every 8 weeks.RESULTSAll patients were evaluable. A total of 215 cycles of CYC (median, 4 cycles; range 2–12 cycles) was administered. CYC‐related toxicity included alopecia (all patients, 100%), anemia (5, 12.5%), thrombocytopenia (6, 15%), and neutropenia (8, 20%). Four (10%) patients required transfusion. Nine patients (22.5%) (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 11%–39%) demonstrated a neuroradiographic partial response, 16 patients (40.0%) (95% CI, 25%–57%) demonstrated stable disease, and 15 patients (37.5%) (95% CI, 23%–54%) had progressive disease after 2 cycles of CYC. Time to tumor progression ranged from 2–19 months (median, 4 mos; 95% CI, 2–6 mos). Survival ranged from 2–26 months (median, 8 mos; 95% CI, 6–10 mos). The 6‐month and 12‐month PFS was 30% and 8%, respectively.CONCLUSIONSCYC demonstrated modest efficacy with acceptable toxicity in this cohort of adult patients with recurrent anaplastic astrocytoma, all of whom had failed prior TMZ chemotherapy. Cancer 2006. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
Manganese Azides Based on Co‐Ligands with a Flexible Tail: Diverse Structural and Magnetic Properties
Authors: Bai Shi‐Qiang , Gao En‐Qing , He Zheng , Fang Chen‐Jie , Yue Yan‐Feng , Yan Chun‐Hua 
Published: December 2005

AbstractThree azido‐bridged coordination polymers, namely [Mn(L1)(N3)2]n (1), [Mn(L2)(N3)2]n (2), and [Mn(L3)(N3)2]n (3) [L1 = N‐(2‐pyridylmethylene)methylamine, L2 = N‐(2‐pyridylmethylene)ethylamine, and L3 = N‐(2‐pyridylmethylene)octylamine], have been synthesized with Schiff‐base co‐ligands with flexible tails, and their structures and magnetic properties characterized. Complex 1 is composed of one‐dimensional, uniform chains with double end‐on (EO) azido bridges, complex 2 consists of (6,3) net layers in which double EO azido‐bridged dimers are interlinked by single end‐to‐end (EE) azido bridges, and complex 3 contains chains of MnII ions bridged by alternating double EO and double EE azido bridges. Magnetically, 1 is a metamagnet built of ferromagnetic chains, 2 exhibits weak ferromagnetism due to spin canting, and 3 shows alternate ferro‐ and antiferromagnetic intrachain interactions. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
Cyclohexylbis(hydroxymethyl)phosphane: A Hydrophilic Phosphane Capable of Forming Novel Hydrogen‐Bonding Networks
Authors: Gonschorowsky Miriam , Merz Klaus , Driess Matthias 
Published: December 2005

AbstractThe cyclohexyl‐substituted (hydroxymethyl)phosphane CyP(CH2OH)2 (1) has been prepared by reaction of the corresponding primary phosphane CyPH2 with aqueous formaldehyde. Compound 1 has been used as building block for the synthesis of new functionalized water‐soluble phosphorus compounds. Thus, Mannich‐type condensation of 1 with excess glycine affords the air‐stable amino acid phosphane conjugate CyP[CH2N(H)CH2COOH]2 (2). Simple oxidation of 1 with hydrogen peroxide and elemental sulfur leads to the crystalline chalcogenide derivatives CyP(O)(CH2OH)2 (3) and CyP(S)(CH2OH)2 (4). X‐ray diffraction analyses of the latter revealed distinct intermolecular hydrogen bonding motifs and possess different types of hydrogen bond networks to each other due to the different proton acceptor ability of the chalcogen atom X of the P=X group (X = O, S): while the oxygen atom of the P=O moiety in 3 serves as proton acceptor, affording a P=O–HO bifurcated network, the sulfur atom of the P=S group denies hydrogen bonding interactions. In addition, the ligand ability of 1 has been studied towards Pt(+2) and Cu(+1) ions: Reaction of 1 with Pt(COD)Cl2 (COD = cycloocta‐1,5‐diene) furnishes the air‐stable complex cis‐[PtCl2{CyP(CH2OH)2}2] (5), while the crystalline dimeric Cu(+1) complex [CuI{CyP(CH2OH)2}2]2 (6) results from the reaction of CuI with two molar equivalents of 1. The complex 6 shows a intermolecular hydrogen bonding pattern different from that of 1, 3 and 4, respectively. The new coordination compounds 5 and 6 represent metal‐phosphane labelled alcohols which are promising building blocks for the synthesis of metal‐based drugs. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
Expression of the serine protease DESC1 correlates directly with normal keratinocyte differentiation and inversely with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma progression
Authors: Sedghizadeh Parish P. , Mallery Susan R. , Thompson Sarah J. , Kresty Laura , Beck F. Michael , Parkinson E. Kenneth , Biancamano John , Lang James C. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractBackground.As part of ongoing studies aimed at identifying the molecular events involved in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma progression, we recently isolated a novel serine protease, DESC1. This study was conducted to further characterize DESC1.Methods.Specimens of normal, dysplastic, and carcinomatous oropharyngeal mucosa (n = 31) were evaluated for DESC1 immunoreactivity using standard streptavidin‐biotin immunoperoxidase techniques. Between‐lesion stain intensity values were analyzed using multiple Wilcoxon tests. DESC1 expression was also evaluated in cultured human keratinocytes after induction of differentiation by calcium challenge, with subsequent real‐time reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction quantification.Results.DESC1 immunoreactivity decreased as lesions approached a malignant phenotype. Post hoc testing comparing the different lesion types and DESC1 staining values showed significance between “normal” and “carcinoma” (p = .0017) groups. Induction of normal keratinocyte differentiation by calcium challenge was accompanied by an increase in DESC1 expression (p = .002).Conclusions.These results suggest downregulation of DESC1 during squamous cell carcinoma progression and upregulation during normal epithelial differentiation. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 28: 432–440, 2006
Dynamics of flexible cycloalkanes. Ab initio and DFT study of the conformational energy hypersurface of cyclononane
Authors: Suvire Fernando D. , Santagata Luis N. , Bombasaro José A. , Enriz Ricardo D. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractThe multidimensional Potential Energy Hypersurface (PEHS) for the cyclononane molecule was comprehensively investigated at the Hartree–Fock (HF), and Density Functional Theory (DFT) levels of theory. Second‐order Møller–Plesset perturbation theory (MP2) optimizations were also carried out to confirm the low‐energy conformations. The previously reported Geometrical Algorithm to Search Conformational Space (GASCOS) has been used to generate the starting geometries for the conformational analysis. The GASCOS algorithm combined with ab initio and DFT optimization permits searching of the potential energy hypersurface for all minimum‐energy conformations as well as transition structures connecting the low‐energy forms. The search located all previously reported structures together with 11 transition states, some of which were not found by earlier searching techniques. Altogether, 16 geometries (five low‐energy conformations and 11 transition states) were found to be important for a description of the conformational features of cyclononane. RB3LYP/aug‐cc‐pVTZ//RB3LYP/6‐31G(d) calculations suggest a conformational mixture between the twist boat–chair and twist chair–boat conformations as the preferred forms. In addition only the twist chair–chair conformation with 1.52 kcal/mol above the global minimum should contribute somewhat to the equilibrium mixture of conformations. Our results allow us to form a concise idea about the internal intricacies of the 9D vector space describing the conformation of cyclononane as well as the associated conformational potential energy hypersurface of nine independent variables. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 27: 188–202, 2006
Methane activation by chromium oxide cations in the gas phase: A theoretical study
Authors: Rivalta Ivan , Russo Nino , Sicilia Emilia 
Published: December 2005

AbstractDensity Functional Theory, in its B3LYP formulation, was used to explore quantitative details of the potential energy hypersurfaces for the CH bond activation reaction of methane by chromium dioxide cation. Both doublet ground and quartet excited states of the cation were considered, and all the minima and transition states localized along the paths leading to the formation of the experimentally observed products were characterized. All the calculated paths involve spin inversions that decrease the barrier heights of the involved transition states but do not play a significant role. Reaction pathways were also studied employing the nonhybrid BP86 functional, the reparametrized B3LYP* functional, and the CCSD(T) approach. Because other examples in the literature indicate that sequential ligation enhances the reactivity of bare transition metals cations, the state‐selective reactivity of the chromium monoxide cation with respect to methane was also investigated and compared with that of the bare cation. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 27: 174–187, 2006
Lymph drainage of the mammary glands in female cats
Authors: Raharison F. , Sautet J. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractThe mammary gland is a common site of neoplasms in the female cat. All the malignant tumors metastasize to a lesser or a greater extent through the lymphatic system. However, the anatomical knowledge of this system is not sufficiently well known in cats to develop a reasoned model for the extirpation of these glands in case of malignant tumors. A study of the lymph drainage in 50 female cats was done by indirect injection in vivo of India ink inside the mammary parenchyma. After a waiting interval, mammary glands were extracted and the thoracic cavity opened. All the lymph nodes were examined after clearing. The success rate of the colorations of lymph nodes and lymph vessels was 91.8%. Out of the 100 observed mammary chains, the two intermediate mammary glands (T2, A1) may drain caudally to the superficial inguinal lymph center and/or cranially to the axillary lymph center. The T1 gland always drains exclusively cranially and A2 exclusively caudally. The two mammary glands (T1 and A1) often drain towards the sternal cranial lymph nodes, but 100% of the T2 drain towards it. This research assumes that the limit between the two directions of drainage can exist only between glands T2 and A1. The results obtained with the study of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th mammary glands permit production of new and more complete data of functional significance that will eventually aid block dissection surgical technique in the removal of malignant tumors in cats. J. Morphol. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Relationships among soil characteristics, plant macronutrients, and cardenolide accumulation in natural populations of Digitalis obscura
Authors: Roca‐Pérez Luis , Pérez‐Bermúdez Pedro , Gavidia Isabel , Boluda Rafael 
Published: December 2005

AbstractIn the present study, we have investigated relationships among several soil parameters (pH, organic matter, total carbonate, macronutrients, electrical conductivity, cation‐exchange capacity) and macronutrient and cardenolide contents in leaves of wild Digitalis obscura plants. Young and mature leaves and soil samples were collected in ten different areas, corresponding to three Mediterranean bioclimatic belts (thermo‐, meso‐, and supramediterranean belts). Soil and leaf macronutrient (N, P, K, Ca, and Mg) contents and leaf cardenolide contents were determined. Bioclimatic conditions influenced the development of D. obscura, biomass being lowest in plant populations of the supramediterranean belt, but they did not exert any relevant effect on the contents of macronutrients in soils and plants. Magnesium (total and EDTA‐extracted) was the only soil macronutrient significantly correlated with its content in the plant. Cardenolide contents were negatively correlated with the N, P, and K contents in young leaves, whereas such correlations were highly significant and positive for Mg.
A simple geometrical description of the TrueFISP ideal transient and steady‐state signal
Authors: Schmitt P. , Griswold M. A. , Gulani V. , Haase A. , Flentje M. , Jakob P. M. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractAn intuitive approach is presented for assessment of the TrueFISP signal behavior in the transient phase and the steady state, based on geometrical considerations in combination with the Bloch equations. Short formulations are derived for the zenith and phase angle determining the direction of the magnetization vector for which a smooth monoexponential decay is obtained even at considerable off‐resonance frequencies, thus compactly defining the target of various preparation schemes proposed in literature. A pictorial explanation is provided to illustrate how the interplay between RF excitation and relaxation governs the TrueFISP transient phase and steady state. Closed form expressions are developed that describe the signal evolution, accounting for the influence of T1, T2, flip angle, and resonance frequency offset in agreement with recently published studies. These results are obtained directly from basic assumptions, without the need for abstract mathematical treatment or further approximations. The validity of the conceptual framework and the analytical description is verified by simulations based on the Bloch equations as well as with MR phantom experiments. The theory may be used for contrast calculations and has the potential to facilitate improved parameter quantification with magnetization prepared TrueFISP experiments accounting for off‐resonance effects. Magn Reson Med, 2006. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The role of intramuscular nerve repair in the recovery of lacerated skeletal muscles
Authors: Lim Aymeric Y. T. , Lahiri Amitabha , Pereira Barry P. , Tan Jessie A. C. , Sebastin Sandeep J. , Tan Bee‐Leng , Zheng Ling , Prem Kumar V. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractThe repair of lacerated muscle often results in suboptimal recovery. An important cause of poor outcome is denervation of the distal segment. The rabbit medial gastrocnemius muscle laceration model was used to assess whether intramuscular nerve repair resulted in better recovery. Lacerated rabbit muscles were divided into three groups: group A had no muscle repair; group B underwent muscle repair; and group C had muscle repair with intramuscular nerve repair. At 7 months, groups A and B showed significantly greater muscle atrophy, replacement of muscle fiber with scar and adipose tissue, and change of muscle fiber type from a fast‐twitch to a slow‐twitch pattern compared to group C. A clinical case study subsequently demonstrated feasibility of intramuscular nerve repair; reinnervation of the distal belly led to rapid functional recovery. In conclusion, primary intramuscular nerve repair results in better functional outcomes following repair of lacerated muscles. Muscle Nerve, 2006