bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TGF‐β3 from fibroblasts promotes necrotising sialometaplasia by suppressing salivary gland cell proliferation and inducing squamous metaplasia
Authors: Yoshimoto Shohei , Yada Naomi , Ishikawa Ayataka , Kawano Kenji , Matsuo Kou , Hiraki Akimitsu , Okamura Kazuhiko 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNecrotising sialometaplasia (NSM) is a non‐neoplastic lesion mainly arising in the minor salivary glands of the oral cavity. In the clinical features, NSM shows swelling with or without ulceration, and can mimic a malignant disease such as squamous cell carcinoma. Histopathologically, NSM usually shows the lobular architecture that is observed in the salivary glands. Additionally, acinar infarction and squamous metaplasia of salivary ducts and acini are observable. The aetiology of this lesion remains unknown, although it has a characteristic feature that sometimes requires clinical and histopathological differentiation from malignancy. In this study, we investigated upregulated genes in NSM compared with normal salivary glands, and focused on the TGF‐β3 (TGFB3) gene. The results of the histopathological studies clarified that fibroblasts surrounding the lesion express TGF‐β3. Moreover, in vitro studies using mouse salivary gland organoids revealed that TGF‐β3 suppressed salivary gland cell proliferation and induced squamous metaplasia. We demonstrated a possible aetiology of NSM by concluding that increased TGF‐β3 expression during wound healing or tissue regeneration played a critical role in cell proliferation and metaplasia. © 2024 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
A micromechanical study on shear performance of unidirectional composites with randomly distributed fibers in the transverse cross‐section
Authors: Muthukumar M. , Kumar Santosh , Shubham  , Yerramalli Chandra Sekher , Desai Y. M. , Naik N. K. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe properties of unidirectional (UD) composites has been investigated by analyzing their elastic and strength characteristics under shear loading. The UD fiber‐reinforced polymer (FRP) composites usually consist of fibers randomly dispersed throughout the cross‐section in the transverse direction which is generally not accounted for. A micromechanical model based on finite element analysis (FEA) approach is utilized here to examine these properties. The study begins by identifying micro scale unit cells or repetitive unit cells (RUCs) at the micro scale, as well as representative volume elements (RVEs). The distribution of fiber volume fraction (Vf) varies among various micro scale unit cells positioned in the transverse cross‐section. The elastic properties and strength are estimated by considering the properties of the matrix and fibers, and the configuration of micro scale unit cells, which feature a fiber arrangement which is categorized as hexagonal and varying Vf at different locations (from 0.35 to 0.75). However, the overall Vf for the UD composite remains constant at 0.65. Studies are also carried out with the random distribution of fibers at micro scale unit cells. The findings reveal that the random distribution of fibers significantly impacts the shear behavior of the composite. This investigation provides valuable insights into how the mechanical properties of the UD composite are subjective by the distribution of fiber, thereby contributing to the design and development of this light weight high‐performance material.Highlights
Elastic and strength analysis of UD composites is presented.
Emphasis is on fiber dispersion in transverse plane.
Microscale unit cells, RUCs and RVE are identified.
Studies are carried out based on micromechanical model.
Influence of fiber distribution on shear behavior is investigated.
Absorption and pharmacokinetics of bupivacaine after bilateral topical administration in tonsillar fossae for posttonsillectomy pain relief
Authors: Berg Kristin Sandal , Seines Ellisiv , Gál Peter , Løberg‐Emanuelsen Lise , Stubhaug Audun , Nielsen Erik Waage , Spigset Olav 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNo previous studies have investigated the systemic absorption of bupivacaine when used topically for posttonsillectomy pain. The present study was undertaken to investigate the pharmacokinetics of bupivacaine after administration by a swab in the tonsillar fossae over 4 min after tonsillectomy. Eleven adult patients undergoing elective tonsillectomy were recruited. After removal of both tonsils, each of the two tonsillar fossae was covered with a swab moistened with 2 mL of bupivacaine 5 mg/mL, that is, a total of 20 mg bupivacaine. Blood samples were drawn after 0, 5, 10, 20, 30, 45, and 60 min. Bupivacaine was analyzed with an ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method. The highest single measured bupivacaine serum concentration was 23.2 ng/mL and took place 10 min after drug administration. Mean (±SD) Cmax was 11.4 ± 6.0 ng/mL and mean tmax was 11.3 ± 4.7 min. Mean t1/2 was 31.6 ± 9.3 min. As the toxic concentration threshold has been reported to be in the interval 1500–4500 ng/mL, the concentrations measured were well below 2% of the lowest cited toxic threshold. In conclusion, this study shows that applying 4 mL of bupivacaine 5 mg/mL by a swab in the tonsillar fossae posttonsillectomy yields very low plasma concentrations, suggesting its safe application without any risk of systemic toxic effects.
Self‐Organization via Dewetting in Polymeric Assemblies
Authors: Nam Kibeom , Lee Dong Yun 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDewetting is a spontaneous process involving a thin liquid film that minimizes interfacial energy by reducing the surface area via the generation of defects on the film. In industry, dewetting is regarded as a problem that results in defects or a heterogeneous surface; however, in this study, dewetting is intentionally induced to create various patterns at intended positions spontaneously with polymeric materials and nanoparticles. The dewetting‐induced patterning process is conducted by controlling the capillary force and evaporation ratio through an evaporative self‐assembly system. The linear‐polymeric arrays on the substrate played an important role in modifying the surface geometry and treatment for a heterogeneous surface, and an additional patterning process is performed on patterned arrays to create dewetting‐induced self‐organizing patterns. Here, this method is used to introduce material arrays with specific shapes such as dots, dumbbells, potbellies, Vs, and trapezoids.
Anionic Coordination Control in Building Cu‐Based Electrocatalytic Materials for CO2 Reduction Reaction
Authors: Chen Hanxia , Mo Pengpeng , Zhu Junpeng , Xu Xiaoxue , Cheng Zhixiang , Yang Feng , Xu Zhongfei , Liu Juzhe , Wang Lidong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRenewable energy‐driven conversion of CO2 to value‐added fuels and chemicals via electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) technology is regarded as a promising strategy with substantial environmental and economic benefits to achieve carbon neutrality. Because of its sluggish kinetics and complex reaction paths, developing robust catalytic materials with exceptional selectivity to the targeted products is one of the core issues, especially for extensively concerned Cu‐based materials. Manipulating Cu species by anionic coordination is identified as an effective way to improve electrocatalytic performance, in terms of modulating active sites and regulating structural reconstruction. This review elaborates on recent discoveries and progress of Cu‐based CO2RR catalytic materials enhanced by anionic coordination control, regarding reaction paths, functional mechanisms, and roles of different non‐metallic anions in catalysis. Finally, the review concludes with some personal insights and provides challenges and perspectives on the utilization of this strategy to build desirable electrocatalysts.
Facilely Modified Nickel‐Based Hole Transporting Layers for Organic Solar Cells with 19.12% Efficiency and Enhanced Stability
Authors: Wang Zhengfei , Li Bolin , Liu Bin , Lee Jin‐Woo , Bai Qingqing , Yang Wanli , Wang Junwei , Yang Jie , Zhang Xiage , Sun Huiliang , Yang Xi , Kim Bumjoon J. , Guo Xugang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHole transporting layers (HTLs), strategically positioned between electrode and light absorber, play a pivotal role in shaping charge extraction and transport in organic solar cells (OSCs). However, the commonly used poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) HTL, with its hygroscopic and acidic nature, undermines the operational durability of OSC devices. Herein, an environmentally friendly approach is developed utilizing nickel acetate tetrahydrate (NiAc·4H2O) and [2‐(9H‐carbazol‐9‐yl)ethyl] phosphonic acid (2PACz) as the NiAc·4H2O/2PACz HTL, aiming at overcoming the limitations posed by the conventional PEDOT:PSS one. Encouragingly, a remarkable power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 19.12% is obtained for the OSCs employing NiAc·4H2O/2PACz as the HTL, surpassing that of devices with the PEDOT:PSS HTL (17.59%), which is ranked among the highest ones of OSCs. This improvement is attributed to the appropriate work function, enhanced hole mobility, facilitated exciton dissociation efficiency, and lower recombination loss of NiAc·4H2O/2PACz‐based devices. Furthermore, the NiAc·4H2O/2PACz‐based OSCs exhibit superior operational stability compared to their PEDOT:PSS‐based counterparts. Of significant note, the NiAc·4H2O/2PACz HTL demonstrates a broad generality, boosting the PCE of the PM6:PY‐IT and PM6:Y6‐based OSCs from 16.47% and 16.79% (with PEDOT:PSS‐based analogs as HTLs) to 17.36% and 17.57%, respectively. These findings underscore the substantial potential of the NiAc·4H2O/2PACz HTL in advancing OSCs, offering improved performance and stability, thereby opening avenue for highly efficient and reliable solar energy harvesting technologies.
Gas‐Blows‐Liquid Spinning Strategy Toward Mechanically Strong, Thermally Protective, Efficiently Hemostatic Aerogel Fibers/Fabrics
Authors: Lyu Jing , Liu Zengwei , Zhang Xuetong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNanoporous aerogel fibers enjoy the luxury of being one of the most attractive nanomaterials. However, the representative fabrication pathways have faced up with low production rates due to significant speed mismatch between slow sol–gel transition and as fast as possible spinning in the same period. Herein, a novel gas‐blows‐liquid spinning (GS) strategy with a spinning speed of 300–700 m s−1 is developed to get the high‐speed and high‐efficiency production of aerogel fibers/fabrics. The spinning speed of the GS strategy is 900 times higher than various techniques reported for aerogel fibers. The resulting aerogel fibers exhibit a high specific surface area (180 m2 g−1). In comparison, the aerogel fiber possesses the highest tensile strength (58.7±3.9 MPa) among its counterparts and aerogel fabric with surprising water‐absorption and microparticle‐blocking performances exhibits the application prospect for better hemostasis than that of commercial gauze and cotton ball. Besides, the GS aerogel fabrics with hierarchical aligned structures show better thermal insulation (≈0.035 Wm−1K−1) than wet spinning aerogel fabric and commercial insulation felts. This work has provided inspiration for fast fabricating more aerogel fibers/fabrics with this GS strategy, and the resulting aerogel fibers/fabrics may find significant application in the fields of 5G smart phones, wound hemostasis, etc.
Rational Design Toward Advanced Non‐Flow Aqueous Zinc‐Bromine Systems Boosted by Alkaline‐Neutral Decoupling Electrolytes
Authors: Dong Wenju , Liu Chenxu , Tang Zhenghua , Cheng Shuang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNon‐flow aqueous zinc‐bromine batteries (AZBBs) are highly attractive owing to their lightweight construction and largely reduced cost compared with the flow ones. Yet, their development is restricted by the sluggish reaction kinetics of Br2/Br−, the shuttle of soluble polybromide species (Brn−, n is odd), and the poor stability of Zn‐based anode. Herein, an effective alkaline‐neutral electrolyte decoupling system is constructed to mitigate these issues, where nitrogen‐doped carbon felt with high catalytic activity to Br2/Br− reaction is developed for cathode, a cost‐effective cation exchange membrane (CEM) of polyethersulfone/sulfonated polyether ether ketone (PES/SPEEK‐M) that can stop Brn− is used as separator, and glucose that can inhibit dendrites is introduced as anolyte additive. The constructed flowless AZBB mainly consists of two separate redox couples, including Zn/Zn(OH)42− in alkaline anolyte and Br2/Br− in neutral media, where non‐cations (e.g. OH−, Zn(OH)42−, H2O, and Brn−) can be restricted to their respective chamber by the PES/SPEEK‐M while cations can pass by. In the optimized system, good electrochemical performance is achieved, mainly including a surprising discharge voltage of 2.01 V, a high average Coulombic efficiency of 96.7%, and a good cycling life of ≈1000 cycles without obvious capacity decay at a fixed charge capacity of 2 mAh cm−2.
Optimizing sustainable concrete compressive strength prediction: A new particle swarm optimization‐based metaheuristic approach to neural network modeling for circular economy and disaster resilience
Authors: Ulucan Muhammed , Gunduzalp Emrullah , Yildirim Güngör , Alatas Bilal , Alyamac Kursat Esat 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study aims to predict the final‐age compressive strengths of sustainable concrete series produced using different aggregate types with high accuracy using an artificial intelligence model and to reduce environmental degradation and conserve rapidly decreasing natural resources within the scope of sustainable development and circular economy goals. For this purpose, 45 different sustainable concrete series containing all‐natural, recycled, natural, and recycled concrete aggregates were produced and subjected to compressive strength tests at 7 and 28 days. In addition, this study also considers whether deep neural network models, which have gained popularity in recent years but have high time and resource costs, or shallow models are more suitable for determining the compressive strength values with high accuracy. For this purpose, a method is proposed that can automatically generate the optimal neural network model using a metaheuristic approach that eliminates the human factor. For this purpose, the proposed method was extensively compared with different classical machine learning algorithms. The proposed method predicted the 7 and 28‐day compressive strength with a coefficient of determination of 0.999 and presented better compressive strength predictions than all other algorithms. Considering the number of buildings to be constructed after earthquakes, the widespread use of concrete, and the importance of compressive strength, the proposed method will likely provide significant gains within sustainable development, circular economy, and disaster risk reduction.
Role of formyl peptide receptor 2 in steatosis of L02 cells exposed to Mono‐(2‐ethylhexyl) phthalate
Authors: Feng Xuemin , Zhang Ruxuan , Miao Xiaohan , Li Xu , Cui Jianwei , Xu Hang , Fang Xiaoqi , Zhou Chunkui , Ye Lin , Zhou Liting 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMono‐(2‐ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) can accumulate in the liver and then lead to hepatic steatosis, while the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Inflammation plays an important role in the disorder of hepatic lipid metabolism. This study aims to clarify the role of the inflammatory response mediated by formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2) in steatosis of L02 cells exposed to MEHP. L02 cells were exposed to MEHP of different concentrations and different time. A steatosis model of L02 cells was induced with oleic acid and the cells were exposed to MEHP simultaneously. In addition, L02 cells were incubated with FPR2 antagonist and then exposed to MEHP. Lipid accumulation was determined by oil red O staining and extraction assay. The indicators related to lipid metabolism and inflammatory response were measured with appropriate kits. The relative expression levels of FPR2 and its ligand were determined by Western blot, and the interaction of them was detected by co‐immunoprecipitation. As a result, MEHP exposure could promote the occurrence and progression of steatosis and the secretion of chemokines and inflammatory factors in L02 cells. MEHP could also affect the expression and activation of FPR2 and the secretion of FPR2 ligands. In addition, the promotion effect of MEHP on the secretion of total cholesterol and interleukin 1β in L02 cells could be significantly inhibited by the FPR2 antagonist. We concluded that FPR2 might affect the promotion effect of MEHP on steatosis of L02 cells by mediating inflammatory response.
Role of squeezing phenomenon in the reactive dynamics of Jeffrey fluid
Authors: Rehman Shahida , Muhammad Noor 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study sheds light on the complex dynamics of squeezing flow in Jeffrey fluids and highlights the significance of considering Cattaneo‐Christov heat flux and reactive Species. To simplify the mathematical formulation and facilitate numerical analysis, a similarity transformation is utilized to transform the governing partial differential equations into a collection of interconnected ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The transformed ODEs are subsequently resolved utilizing bvp4c technique. The application of the bvp4c technique enables accurate numerical analysis, offering valuable insights into the behavior of viscoelastic fluids under squeezing conditions with thermal effects and chemical reactions. Through numerical simulations, the temperature distribution, flow characteristics, and reaction kinetics within the Jeffrey fluid under squeezing conditions are examined.
The EBMT: History, Present, and Future
Authors: Sureda Anna , Kröger Nicolaus , Apperley Jane , Gratwohl Alois 
Published: April 2024

Abstract“Only he/she who knows the past has a future” is a proverb attributed to Wilhelm von Humboldt (1767–1835), a great historian, scientist, and philosopher (Spier, Big history and the future of humanity, Wiley, Chichester, 2015). It appears as an ideal introduction to a chapter on the history of EBMT. The context by which HCT evolved in the middle of the last century fits with modern views on history. The novel “big history” concept attempts to integrate major events in the past, beginning with the “big bang” up to today’s industrial revolution number IV (Spier, Big history and the future of humanity, Wiley, Chichester, 2015). According to this model, nothing “just happens.” Progress occurs when the conditions fit, at the right time and at the right place.
Processing, Cryopreserving, and Controlling the Quality of HSC
Authors: Wuchter Patrick 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe efficiency of an autologous, as well as an allogeneic, HSC graft is mainly determined by the number of CD34+ cells present. The dose of transplanted CD34+ cells per kg body weight (bw) determines the kinetics of the neutrophil and platelet engraftment after auto-HCT (Weaver et al. Blood 86:3961–9, 1995). The measurement of CD34+ cells by flow cytometry is, therefore, an important method to assess the graft quantity and quality.
Vascular Access
Authors: Cesaro Simone , Caddeo Giulia 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe central venous catheter (CVC) is a key tool for patients undergoing hematopoietic cell transplantation. CVC ensures a stable, adequate, and safe venous access. The use of a CVC requires an adequate knowledge and training by health personnel to maintain its functionality and to prevent complications (malfunctioning, partial or complete occlusion, dislodgement, kinking, rupture, thrombosis, and catheter-related bloodstream infections) that can cause the premature removal of CVC or be life-threatening. The choice of CVC must consider the characteristics of the patient, the treatment plan, and the performance expected by the device.
Transfusion Support
Authors: Schrezenmeier Hubert , Körper Sixten , Höchsmann Britta , Weinstock Christof 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTransfusions are an essential part of supportive care in the context of HCT. RBC and platelet concentrates (PCs) are the main blood products transfused in the peri-transplant period. Here we summarize indication for transfusion, selection of product type and immunohematological challenges in the context of allogeneic stem cell transplantation.
GVHD Prophylaxis
Authors: Boelens Jaap Jan , Bonifazi Francesca , Gjærde Lars Klingen , Michonneau David , Ruggeri Annalisa , Saavedra Laura , Socié Gérard 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA potentially life-threatening complication of allo-HCT is graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), which occurs when T-cells from the recipient recognize host antigens on healthy tissues. Despite 50 years of history and over half a million procedures performed worldwide, GVHD remains a challenging issue that physicians are facing on a daily basis.
Neurological Complications
Authors: Duléry Rémy , Schmidt-Hieber Martin , Sharrack Basil 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNeurological complications of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation are frequent and often highly challenging to manage. These complications can stem from various causes, including neurotoxic drugs, infectious pathogens, cerebrovascular illness, metabolic encephalopathy, hematological disease relapse, immune-mediated disorders, thrombotic microangiopathy, and post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder. While many of these complications are transient, a substantial subset is potentially fatal. Therefore, prompt diagnosis and treatment, guided by a neurologist, can be crucial in reducing the risks of irreversible complications, impairment of the quality of life, and transplantation-related mortality.
Prevention and Treatment of Relapse by Drugs
Authors: Kröger Nicolaus , Gagelmann Nico 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRelapse has become the most frequent cause of treatment failure after HCT (Horowitz et al. 2018). Because outcome after relapse remains poor, major efforts are focused on prevention of relapse. Beside adoptive cell-based options, such as DLI and CAR T cells, the availability of novel effective pharmacological compounds has opened new avenues in clinical research to use those drugs early after HCT in order to prevent and treat relapse (Kroger et al. 2014). The optimal pharmacological compound should have a safe toxicity profile, an antitumor effect to the underlying disease, and an immune profile which can be used to booster the graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect and to reduce the risk of GVHD.
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Adults
Authors: Stelljes Matthias , Marks David I. , Giebel Sebastian 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe prognosis of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia is constantly improving. Beside optimization strategies of conventional chemotherapies and close monitoring of treatment response (e.g. by PCR-based measurement of measurable disease, which helps to early identify patients at risk for relapse), the integration of antibody (e.g. anti-CD20)/antibody-based drugs (blinatumomab and inotuzumab-ozogamicin) to frontline and/or salvage therapy protocols led to significant improvements. However, allogeneic HCT still plays a fundamental role in the treatment of high-risk patients in 1st line consolidation and for patients with relapsed/refractory disease.
Mantle Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Baermann Ben-Niklas , Dietrich Sascha 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is an aggressive B-cell lymphoma, which is characterized by the chromosomal translocation t(11;14)(q13;q32) and overexpression of cyclin D1 in the vast majority of cases. Most patients present with advanced stage disease often with extra-nodal dissemination. High Ki67 proliferation index (Hoster et al. 2016), blastoid histologic variant (Bernard et al. 2001), and TP53 mutations represent high-risk features at diagnosis (Eskelund et al. 2017).