bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Evaluation of Three Restorative Materials Applied in a Minimal Intervention Caries Treatment Approach
Authors: Zanata Regia L. , Navarro Maria F. L. , Barbosa Silvia H. , Lauris Jose R. P. , Franco Eduardo B. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractObjectives: This paper reports on a longitudinal evaluation of three materials (glass ionomer, zinc oxide‐eugenol cement, and composite) employed in a minimal restorative intervention approach of 81 high caries‐active pregnant women selected for a preventive oral health program in Brazil. The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical behavior of the glass ionomer cement, currently indicated in programs for control of carious lesions. Methods: The patients were randomly divided into two groups. Both groups were engaged in an oral health promotion approach. In Group 1, 417 glass ionomer restorations were placed in 43 individuals, involving all types and sizes of cavities. In the second group, 213 posterior zinc oxide‐eugenol (ZOE) restorations and 127 anterior composite restorations were placed in 38 patients. Minimal cavity preparations were made, in which only soft or infected dentin was removed, on the basis of clinical judgment. Results: After two years, the restorations were clinically evaluated by two examiners for marginal integrity, amount of wear, presence of fracture, carious lesions, and lost restorations. Statistical analysis (chi‐square test) identified statistically significant difference between glass ionomer and ZOE (90.6% vs 9.2%). Comparing glass ionomer and composite, similar survival rates were observed. The success rate observed for the glass ionomer cement ranged from 77.1 percent to 92.5 percent, depending on the type and size of cavity in which it was applied. Four teeth restored with glass ionomer cement and one tooth restored with composite showed caries signs. Regarding the ZOE restorations, caries was always associated with other causes of failure such as excessive wear, restoration loss, or marginal defects, with no possibility of separate evaluation. Despite the preventive and therapeutic measurements employed, a mean increase of 2.15 new surfaces with cavities was observed in Group 1, as well as 2.83 surfaces presenting the same status in Group 2. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that highly viscous glass ionomer cement applied in a minimal intervention approach provided high‐quality preventive and restorative care after two years to a population at high risk for caries. The composite was employed in cavities exposed to lower stress, such as in the anterior teeth, and its behavior was comparable to that of the glass ionomer cement. The reinforced ZOE presented a high failure rate, thus contraindicating its use for such purpose. [J Public Health Dent2003;63(4):221‐26)
Relationship Between Oral Health Behaviors and General Health Behaviors in a Japanese Adult Population
Authors: Tada Akio , Matsukubo Takashi 
Published: May 2007

AbstractObjective: The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between oral health behaviors and general health beha viors in adults. Methods: A total of 2,467 adults (1,208 men and 1,259 women aged 20‐59 years) who consulted dentists in Chiba City were administered a questionnaire. Results: Women, older participants, and those living with family had better health behaviors than the other subjects studied. Additive indices for oral and general health behaviors were significantly correlated. Toothbrushing frequency was significantly correlated with five items of general health behavior (smoking, drinking, exercise, eating breakfast, and having medical check‐ups). Having dental check‐ups was significantly correlated with having medical check‐ups. There was a negative correlation between dental flossing and drinking. Conclusions: Of all oral health behaviors examined, toothbrushing frequency was the most predictive indicator of general health behavior.
Using Insurance Claims and Demographic Data for Surveillance of Children's Oral Health
Authors: Heller Keith E. , Eklund Stephen A. , Burt Brian A. , Briskie Daniel M. , Lawrence Leslie M. 
Published: May 2007

ABSTRACT Objectives: This paper examines the utility of using private insurance and Medicaid dental claims as well as demographic data for assessing the oral health of children aged 5–12 years in Genesee County, Michigan, communities. Methods: Dental insurance claims data from Delta Plan of Michigan and Michigan Medicaid, plus demographic data from the 1990 US Census (percent poverty) and from the 1995 National Center for Educational Statistics (percent free or reduced lunch eligibility), were compared to findings from two school‐based oral health surveys. These surveys were the 1995 Genesee County Oral Health Survey and the 1998–2001 Mott Children's Health Center oral health screenings. Data were analyzed using zip codes, representing communities, as the comparison unit. Statistical comparisons using correlation coefficients were used to compare the findings from the six data sets. Results: Using the insurance claims and school‐based data, some communities consistently demonstrated high levels of dental caries or treatment for the primary dentition. The demographic measures were significantly associated with many of the primary dentition survey measures. The demographic data were more useful in identifying communities with high levels of dental disease, particularly in the primary teeth, than the insurance claims data. Conclusions: When screening is not practical, readily available demographic data may provide valuable oral health surveillance information for identification of high‐risk communities, but these data do not identify high‐risk individuals. In these analyses, demographic data were more useful than dental insurance claims data for oral health surveillance purposes.
Estimating Prevalence and Severity of Caries in the Mixed Dentition: a Comparison of Two Screening Protocols
Authors: Griffin Susan O. , Griffin Paul M. , Beltrán‐Aguilar Eugenio D. , Malvitz Dolores M. , Heiden Kathleen D. 
Published: May 2007

ABSTRACT Objective: Most oral health surveys examine and record data on individual teeth or surfaces (STD), providing valid estimates of caries prevalence and severity. Simplified screening protocols based on assessments at the person level (Stop‐After‐First‐Encounter—SAFE) have been validated for assessment of prevalence. We developed an alternative protocol (SENTINEL), which examined the 12 teeth at highest risk for caries and compared how it performed to SAFE and STD for surveillance and evaluation. Methods: We used data from the Third National Health Nutrition and Examination Survey for children aged 8 to 12 years to analyze the feasibility of assigning STD estimates of severity to children designated by SAFE as having caries. SENTINEL was tested for accuracy of estimating prevalence and severity against STD. In addition, we used subsampling to test the frequency with which SAFE and SENTINEL agreed with STD in identifying the highest risk population. Finally, we compared the mean number of teeth and the recorded data elements for each protocol. Results: Assigning national estimates of severity to SAFE provided inaccurate estimates. SENTINEL agreed with STD in identifying the survey group with the highest severity more frequently than did SAFE (96 percent vs 74 percent). SAFE on average examined nine more teeth than SENTINEL. Conclusions: Both SAFE and SENTINEL could serve as surveillance tools, depending on the system's purpose/objectives. However, it is unlikely that SAFE would provide adequate information to evaluate sealant programs.
Is 75 Percent of Dental Caries Really Found in 25 Percent of the Population?
Authors: Macek Mark D. , Heller Keith E. , Selwltz Robert H. , Manz Michael C. 
Published: May 2007

ABSTRACT Objectives: Dental caries prevalence is used to quantify inequalities and to target high‐risk populations for interventions. Prevalence can be described via measures of centrality; however, some have used cumulative frequency distribution curves (Lorenz curves). This investigation provides dental caries Lorenz curves for the primary and permanent dentitions at selected ages. Results provide accurate age‐specific and dentition‐specific X values for the general statement, “75 percent of dental caries is found in X percent of the population.”Methods: Data were derived from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a cross‐sectional study conducted between 1988 and 1994. Cumulative frequency distributions for total dfs or DMFS were plotted against cumulative frequency distributions for the total population. Results: X values varied substantially between dentitions and across ages. Total dental caries experience in the permanent dentition was more dispersed than it was in the primary dentition, and the total dental caries experience in older persons was more dispersed than it was in younger persons. For those aged 2–5 years, 75 percent of dental caries (primary dention) was found in 8.1 percent of the population. For those aged 6 years or older, 75 percent of dental caries (permanent dentition) was found in 33.0 percent of the population. Conclusions: For accuracy and relevancy, the statement, “75 percent of dental caries is found in X percent of the population” must be applied to a particular dentition or age group, and must account for appropriate severity and prevalence reference points.
Predictors of Tooth Loss in Two US Adult Populations
Authors: Copeland Lynn B. , Krall Elizabeth A. , Brown L. Jackson , Garcia Raul I. , Streckfus Charles F. 
Published: May 2007

ABSTRACT Objectives: This study determines tooth loss rate over a 10‐year period and identifies predictors of tooth loss in two separate US adult longitudinal study populations. Methods: Subjects from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA), consisting of 47 men and 47 women, ages ranging from 30 to 69 years, were compared to subjects from the VA Dental Longitudinal Study (VADLS) in Boston, MA, consisting of 481 men in the same age range. Baseline and follow‐up examinations were performed on each cohort over a 10‐year period. Using multivariate regression models, significant predictors of tooth loss were identified. Results: A mean rate of tooth loss of 1.5 teeth lost per 10 years was noted in the VADLS cohort compared to 0.6 teeth lost per 10 years in the BLSA (P<.001). Combining subjects from both populations, significant predictors of tooth loss were baseline values of: percent of teeth with restorations, mean probing pocket depth score, age, tobacco use, alcohol consumption, number of teeth present, and male sex. However, the set of significant predictor variables differed between the two populations and sexes. In BLSA men, number of teeth present, percent of teeth with restorations, mean probing pocket depth score, and alcohol consumption, but not age, were significant, while in BLSA women, only age was a significant predictor. Conclusions: Over a 10‐year period, the incidence of tooth loss, the rates of tooth loss, and the predictors of tooth loss were found to vary by population and by sex. These results illustrate the limits of generalizing tooth loss findings across different study cohorts and indicate that there may exist important differences in risk factors for tooth loss among US adult populations.
Primary Tooth Fluorosis and Amoxicillin Use During Infancy
Authors: Hong Liang , Levy Steven M. , Warren John J. , Bergus George R. , Dawson Deborah V. , Wefel James S. , Broffitt Barbara 
Published: May 2007

ABSTRACT Objective: It has been speculated that amoxicillin use could be associated with enamel defects, but there have been few studies of this possible relationship. This study assessed the association between amoxicillin use during the first year of life and primary tooth fluorosis. Methods: Subjects (n=490) were recruited at birth and followed prospectively with a series of questionnaires to gather information on fluoride intake and amoxicillin use. Primary tooth fluorosis was assessed by calibrated examiners at approximately 5 years of age. Results: Amoxicillin use for 6 weeks to 3 months and 3 months to 6 months significantly increased the risk for fluorosis of primary second molars in bivariate analyses. However, after controlling for fluoride intake, the adjusted risks of fluorosis were not significant for amoxicillin use. No other antibiotics were significantly associated with fluorosis in the bivariate analyses. In multivariate analyses with logistic regressions, only fluoride intake was statistically significantly related to fluorosis. Conclusion: Fluoride exposure was the sole predictor of primary tooth fluorosis in a multivariate model. However, bivariate results suggest that amoxicillin could play a contributing role in the development of primary tooth fluorosis, especially for children exposed to lower levels of fluoride. An investigation of the relationship between amoxicillin intake and fluorosis of permanent teeth is warranted.
Problems in Exposure Assessment of Fluoride in Drinking Water
Authors: Bassin Elise B. , Mlttleman Murray A. , Wypij David , Joshipura Kaumudi , Douglass Chester W. 
Published: May 2007

ABSTRACT Objectives: We developed a source documentation approach that identified fluoride content of drinking water at the state or local level to estimate fluoride concentrations from public water systems. We then compared estimates from this approach with estimates obtained from a single source, the 1992 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Fluoridation Census. Methods: We used residential histories from a case‐control study. For each residence we attempted to determine fluoride concentrations using the 1992 CDC Fluoridation Census. For the source documentation method we utilized multiple sources from state and local contacts to verify and collect additional data. We compared the fluoride estimates obtained by the two methods. Results: When fluoride values were found using both methods, there was good correlation (Kendall's tau/0.85; 95% confidence interval=0.79, 0.90) and concordance was 96 percent. We obtained over 99 percent of the fluoride values needed using source documentation as compared to 49 percent of the values needed when we used a single publication. When fluoride values were missing using the 1992 CDC Fluoridation Census, 21 percent had source documentation estimates of at least 0.7 ppm. Conclusions: Researchers need to consider limitations of using a secondary data source to estimate fluoride in drinking water, particularly in studies where exposure to fluoride is the primary exposure of interest.
Institutional Barriers to Providing Oral Health Services for Underserved Populations in New York City
Authors: Ramos‐Rodriguez Cálix , Schwartz Mark D. , Rogers Vincent , Alos Victor 
Published: May 2007

ABSTRACT Objectives: We sought to explore institutional barriers to the provision of oral health services for the underserved among inner‐city health centers. Methods: Mail‐based survey of Medicaid‐approved health centers in New York City without oral health services. The importance of four barrier categories was rated: resource issues, dental provider difficulties, referral problems, and low priority of dental care. Results: 36 health centers completed the survey. The most important barriers were resource issues (66.7% agreed), dental provider difficulties (29.4%), referral problems (24.2%), and low priority (15.2%). Top individual barriers were lack of start‐up funds (88%), lack of physical space (74%), lack of available funding sources (71%), and low reimbursement rates for dental services (69%). Most centers (78%) identified a need for dental services for their patients. Conclusions: Access to oral health care remains a large problem for the underserved. Institutional barriers will need to be addressed to close the gap.
Identifying Children with Dental Care Needs: Evaluation of a Targeted School‐based Dental Screening Program
Authors: Locker David , Frosina Caroline , Murray Heather , Wiebe David , Wiebe Peter 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Objectives: It has been suggested that changes in the distribution of dental caries mean that targeting high‐risk groups can maximize the cost effectiveness of dental health programs. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of a targeted school‐based dental screening program in terms of the proportion of children with dental care needs it identified. Methods: The target population was all children in junior and senior kindergarten and grades 2, 4, 6, and 8 who attended schools in four Ontario communities. The study was conducted in a random sample of 38 schools stratified according to caries risk. Universal screening was implemented in these schools. The parents of all children identified as having dental care needs were sent a short questionnaire to document the sociodemographic and family characteristics of these children. Children with needs were divided into two groups: those who would and who would not have been identified had the targeted program been implemented. The characteristics of the two groups were compared. Results: Overall, 21.0 percent of the target population were identified as needing dental care, with 7.4 percent needing urgent care. The targeted program would have identified 43.5 percent of those with dental care needs and 58.0 percent of those with urgent needs. There were substantial differences across the four communities in the proportions identified by the targeted program. Identification rates were lowest when the difference in prevalence of need between the high‐ and low‐risk groups was small and where the low‐risk group was large in relation to the high‐risk group. The targeted program was more effective at identifying children from disadvantaged backgrounds. Of those with needs who lived in households receiving government income support, 59.0 percent of those with needs and 80.1 percent of those with urgent needs would be identified. Conclusions: The targeted program was most effective at identifying children with dental care needs from disadvantaged backgrounds. However, any improvements in cost effectiveness achieved by targeting must be balanced against inequities in access to public health care resources.
Validation of a Hebrew Version of the Oral Health Impact Profile 14
Authors: Kushnir Daniel , Zusman Shlomo P. , Robinson Peter G. 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Objective: This study determined the validity of a Hebrew version of the Oral Health Impact Profile in a cross‐sectional study of a general dental practice in Israel. Methods: The original English version of a short‐form oral health impact profile (OHIP‐14) was translated into Hebrew using the back‐translation technique. Participants were interviewed and examined clinically by a calibrated dentist. Information on the subjects' sociodemographic background and oral health conditions was collected. Results: A total of 142 persons were interviewed and clinically examined. The Cronbach's alpha and the standardized item alpha for OHIP‐14 were both 0.88. Cronbach's alpha of the translated OHIP‐14 subscales ranged from 0.48 to 0.76. Construct validity of the translated Hebrew version was supported by the finding that the total OHIP score correlated with the number of decayed teeth, missing teeth, need for prosthodontic treatment, and pattern of dental attendance. Participants with oral pain were more likely to report impact on one of the OHIP subscales and to have more impacts than participants who were pain free. Conclusions: The Hebrew version of OHIP‐14 presented acceptable validity and reliability. Further research is needed to assess the value of this measure in Israel.
Use of Clinical Services Compared with Patients' Perceptions of and Satisfaction with Oral Health Status
Authors: Maupomé Gerardo , Peters Dawn , White B. Alex 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Objectives: To examine the relationship between rates of clinical service use and self‐reported perception of and satisfaction with oral health status. Methods: Dental services provision rates were calculated using health maintenance organization electronic data for members 55 years of age and older with at least four years of eligibility between 1990 and 2000. A mail survey yielded 986 responses (response rate=65.7%). Poisson regression was used to examine the relationship between service utilization rates and self‐reported perception of and satisfaction with oral health status, controlling for age, education, sex, and marital status. Results: Perceptions of oral health status and levels of satisfaction with oral health status generally were closely associated. Greater dissatisfaction with oral health status and perception of poorer oral health status were associated with higher usage of nonpreventive dental services. Less satisfaction with oral health status was associated with higher restorative services usage and lower preventive services usage and slightly associated with periodontal service usage. Perception of a less favorable oral health status was strongly associated with higher restorative and periodontal services usage, but had only a weak association with preventive services usage. Conclusions: Dental plan members' service use is associated with their perception of their oral health status and their level of satisfaction with it. Future work should seek to clarify whether opinions on oral health status and satisfaction are a result of clinical experiences over time or whether the behavior and the values associated with seeking and obtaining care instead shape opinions on status and satisfaction.
Change in Caries Prevalence after Implementation of a Fluoride Varnish Program
Authors: Dohnke‐Hohrmann Sylvia , Zimmer Stefan 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Objective: In 1996 the caries prevalence of schoolchildren living in Neukölln, a district of Berlin, Germany, was higher than the mean of total Berlin. Hence, a special preventive program including the application of fluoride varnish was initiated. All 49 primary schools of the district joined the project. The aim of the present study was to evaluate in a cross‐sectional study whether the preventive program resulted in a reduced caries prevalence. Methods: The complete program included oral health education as well as the application of a highly concentrated fluoride varnish (Duraphat®). All children whose parents' consent was given could receive fluoride varnish twice a year. All children were examined once a year by four calibrated dentists. The baseline examination was conducted in 1995–96, the final examination in 1999–2000 (1995–96: n= 7,748; 1996–97: n= 15,673; 1997–98: n= 19,362; 1998–99: n= 19,822; 1999–2000: n= 17,984). Results: A total of 80,589 dental records were used for data analysis. A decline of DMFT‐values was observed in all age groups and school years. The major improvement was found in school year 1999–2000, when the program had been established for four years. Conclusion: The described program may be an effective public health measure for 6‐ to 12‐year‐old children with high caries prevalence.