bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Semidefinite Approximations for Bicliques and Bi-Independent Pairs
Authors: Laurent Monique , Polak Sven , Vargas Luis Felipe 
Published: March 2024

We investigate some graph parameters dealing with bi-independent pairs (A, B) in a bipartite graph [Formula: see text], that is, pairs (A, B) where [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text] are independent. These parameters also allow us to study bicliques in general graphs. When maximizing the cardinality [Formula: see text], one finds the stability number [Formula: see text], well-known to be polynomial-time computable. When maximizing the product [Formula: see text], one finds the parameter g(G), shown to be NP-hard by Peeters in 2003, and when maximizing the ratio [Formula: see text], one finds h(G), introduced by Vallentin in 2020 for bounding product-free sets in finite groups. We show that h(G) is an NP-hard parameter and, as a crucial ingredient, that it is NP-complete to decide whether a bipartite graph G has a balanced maximum independent set. These hardness results motivate introducing semidefinite programming (SDP) bounds for g(G), h(G), and [Formula: see text] (the maximum cardinality of a balanced independent set). We show that these bounds can be seen as natural variations of the Lovász ϑ-number, a well-known semidefinite bound on [Formula: see text]. In addition, we formulate closed-form eigenvalue bounds, and we show relationships among them as well as with earlier spectral parameters by Hoffman and Haemers in 2001 and Vallentin in 2020. Funding: This work was supported by H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions [Grant 813211 (POEMA)].
II. DÜNYA SAVAŞI DÖNEMİ JACQMAR PROPAGANDA DESENLERİNİN GÜNÜMÜZ MODASINA UYARLANMASI
Authors: GEYİK DEĞERLİ Nursen 
Published: March 2024

ÖZ: İkinci Dünya Savaşı'nın etkisiyle, sınırlı hale gelen malzemeler ve kaynaklar, modanın dönüşümüne yol açmıştır. Sınırlı renk seçenekleri olan daha pratik ve fonksiyonel giysiler üretilmiştir. İngiliz moda firması Jacqmar’ın tasarımları, savaş şartlarındaki kısıtlamalarla moda trendlerinin ve giyimin nasıl değiştiğini gösteren dikkat çekici örneklerdendir.
Araştırma, II. Dünya Savaşı döneminde Britanya’da özellikle “Sivil Giyim” ve savaş kısıtlamaları ile kadın modasındaki değişimlerden etkilenen moda markalarından biri olan Jacqmar ve dönemi yansıtan tasarımlarına ait bilgilerle sınırlandırılmıştır. Geniş literatür taraması ile, Jacqmar markasının döneme ait propaganda kadın eşarp tasarımları araştırılmıştır. Sosyoekonomik sıkıntıların olduğu savaş dönemindeki propaganda giysilerinin ve aksesuarlarının, halk arasında vatanseverlik duygusunu desteklemeyi amaçlayarak, savaşın kazanılacağına olan inancı güçlendirmek için tercih edildiği görülmüştür. Jacqmar'ın ürettiği kaliteli ve markalı tekstil ürünlerinin varlığı, savaş döneminde modanın da dahil olduğu, Londra'da yaşanan toplumsal dönüşümün ispatı olması açısından önemlidir. Bu nedenle, estetik ve tasarım odaklı düşünme ürünü olan tematik Jacqmar eşarplarından, giysiler üzerinde günümüze uygun tasarım örneklendirmeleri yapılarak sunulmuştur.
II. Dünya Savaşı dönemi propaganda tekstillerinin, savaş karşıtı veya vatansever mesajlar taşıyan ilginç desenler ve baskılarla süslendiği gözlemlenmiştir. Çalışmada, moda endüstrisinin zorlu koşullara nasıl uyum sağlayabildiği ve sivil halkın hem fiziksel hem psikolojik ihtiyaçlarını karşılamak için nasıl çözümler ürettiği bulgularına ulaşılmıştır.
Olağanüstü koşulların yaşandığı dönemlerde, elde var olan kısıtlı malzemelerle oluşturulan sembolik ve dikkat çekici kıyafetler ve aksesuarların, aynı zamanda toplumsal dönüşümün kanıtı olarak, kişilerin kendi stillerini yaratmaları ve düşüncelerini özgürce ifade etmeleri için araç olarak kullanıldığı sonucuna varılmıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: II. Dünya Savaşı, giysi, tasarım, desen, Jacqmar.
Prognostic factors for overall survival of conventional osteosarcoma of the appendicular skeleton
Authors: Mthethwa Phakamani G. , Marais Leonard C. , Aldous Collen M. 
Published: March 2024

AimsThe aim of this study is to determine the predictors of overall survival (OS) and predictive factors of poor prognosis of conventional high-grade osteosarcoma of the limbs in a single-centre in South Africa.MethodsWe performed a retrospective cross-sectional analysis to identify the prognostic factors that predict the OS of patients with histologically confirmed high-grade conventional osteosarcoma of the limbs over ten years. We employed the Cox proportional regression model and the Kaplan-Meier method for statistical analysis.ResultsThis study comprised 77 patients at a three-year minimum follow-up. The predictors of poor OS were: the median age of ≤ 19 years (hazard ratio (HR) 0.96; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.92 to 0.99; p = 0.021); median duration of symptoms ≥ five months (HR 0.91; 95% CI 0.83 to 0.99; p < 0.037); metastasis at diagnosis (i.e. Enneking stage III) (HR 3.33; 95% CI 1.81 to 6.00; p < 0.001); increased alkaline phosphatase (HR 3.28; 95% CI 1.33 to 8.11; p < 0.010); palliative treatment (HR 7.27; 95% CI 2.69 to 19.70); p < 0.001); and amputation (HR 3.71; 95% CI 1.12 to 12.25; p < 0.032). In contrast, definitive surgery (HR 0.11; 95% CI 0.03 to 0.38; p < 0.001) and curative treatment (HR 0.18; 95% CI 0.10 to 0.33; p < 0.001) were a protective factor. The Kaplan-Meier median survival time was 24 months, with OS of 57.1% at the three years. The projected five-year event-free survival was 10.3% and OS of 29.8% (HR 0.76; 95% CI 0.52 to 1.12; p = 0.128).ConclusionIn this series of high-grade conventional osteosarcoma of the appendicular skeleton from South Africa, 58.4% (n = 45) had detectable metastases at presentation; hence, an impoverished OS of five years was 29.8%. Large-scale future research is needed to validate our results.Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2024;5(3):210–217.
The Increase of HDL-C Levels using Ethanol Extract of Vernonia amygdalina Leaves in Wistar Rats Models of Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Pakha Dyonisa Nasirochmi , Nurwati Ida , Sunggoro Agus Jati , Muthmainah Muthmainah , Handayani Selfi 
Published: March 2024

<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of metabolic factors, including low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. Vernonia amygdalina (VA) leaves have been documented for their anti-cholesterol properties. The purpose of this study to evaluate ethanol extract of VA leaves in rising HDL-C levels in the MetS model.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An experimental study using pre-and post-test design was conducted using 30 male Wistar rats divided into five groups randomly. KN group served as the control group. KP group was the MetS model without ethanol extract administration. Meanwhile, P1, P2, and P3 were MetS models and were administered ethanol extract of VA leaves administration (50mg/kg, 100mg/kg, and 150 mg/kg) for 28 days. The data were analysed using paired t-test and one-way ANOVA (α=0,05).<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study discovered that administering the extract in P1, P2, and P3 significantly improved HDL levels. Furthermore, increasing the dose resulted in significantly greater HDL levels. VA leaves contain phytochemicals that have impacts on cholesterol levels in the blood. Flavonoids and tannin inhibit ester cholesterol formation. Terpenoid and flavonoid hinder HMG-CoA. Saponin contributes to free cholesterol transporter, reducing oxidative stress and increasing LDL receptors. Lastly, vitamin C raises catabolism levels and clearance LDL.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There are increases in HDL levels in the MetS model group receiving ethanol extract VA leaves.<strong> </strong></p>
Validation of the emergency surgery score (ESS) in a UK patient population and comparison with NELA scoring: a retrospective multicentre cohort study
Authors: Clinch D , Dorken-Gallastegi A , Argandykov D , Gebran A , Proano Zamudio JA , Wong CS , Clinch N , Haddow L , Simpson K , Imbert E , Skipworth RJE , Moug SJ , Kaafarani HMA , Damaskos D 
Published: March 2024

Introduction Accurate risk scoring in emergency general surgery (EGS) is vital for consent and resource allocation. The emergency surgery score (ESS) has been validated as a reliable preoperative predictor of postoperative outcomes in EGS but has been studied only in the US population. Our primary aim was to perform an external validation study of the ESS in a UK population. Our secondary aim was to compare the accuracy of ESS and National Emergency Laparotomy Audit (NELA) scores. Methods We conducted an observational cohort study of adult patients undergoing emergency laparotomy over three years in two UK centres. ESS was calculated retrospectively. NELA scores and all other variables were obtained from the prospectively collected Emergency Laparotomy and Laparoscopic Scottish Audit (ELLSA) database. The primary and secondary outcomes were 30-day mortality and postoperative intensive care unit (ICU) admission, respectively. Results A total of 609 patients were included. Median age was 65 years, 52.7% were female, the overall mortality was 9.9% and 23.8% were admitted to ICU. Both ESS and NELA were equally accurate in predicting 30-day mortality (c-statistic=0.78 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.71–0.85) for ESS and c-statistic=0.83 (95% CI, 0.77–0.88) for NELA, p=0.196) and predicting postoperative ICU admission (c-statistic=0.76 (95% CI, 0.71–0.81) for ESS and 0.80 (95% CI, 0.76–0.85) for NELA, p=0.092). Conclusions In the UK population, ESS and NELA both predict 30-day mortality and ICU admission with no statistically significant difference but with higher c-statistics for NELA score. Both scores have certain advantages, with ESS being validated for a wider range of outcomes.
Efficient second harmonic generation in a high-Q Fabry-Perot microresonator on x-cut thin film lithium niobate
Authors: Cheng Jian , Gao Dingshan , Dong Jianji , Zhang Xinliang 
Published: March 2024

Microresonators facilitate enhanced light-matter interactions within a limited space, showing great promise for nonlinear optics. Here, we demonstrate a high-quality (Q) factor Fabry-Perot microresonator (FPR) for second harmonic generation (SHG) on an x-cut thin film lithium niobate (TFLN) platform. The FPR exhibits Q factors of Q
pump
= 1.09 × 105 and Q
SH
= 1.15 × 104 at the 1560 nm pump wavelength and 780 nm second harmonic wavelength, respectively. Under low pump power, a normalized SHG efficiency of 158.5 ± 18.5%/W is attained. We experimentally verify that increased temperatures mitigate photorefractive effects that degrade SHG performance. This work highlights the immense capabilities of one-dimensional planar optical waveguide resonators for efficient on-chip nonlinear wavelength conversion.
Silicon photonic spectrometer with multiple customized wavelength bands
Authors: Zhang Long , Yi Xiaolin , Liu Dajian , Hong Shihan , Wang Gaopeng , Cao Hengzhen , Shi Yaocheng , Dai Daoxin 
Published: March 2024

A silicon photonic spectrometer with multiple customized wavelength bands is developed by introducing multiple channels of wideband optical filters based on multimode waveguide gratings (MWGs) for pre-filtering and the corresponding thermally tunable narrowband filter for high resolution. For these multiple customized wavelength bands, the central wavelengths, bandwidths, and resolutions are designed flexibly as desired, so that the system is simplified and the footprint is minimized for several practical applications (e.g., gas sensing). A customized silicon photonic spectrometer is designed and demonstrated experimentally with four wavelength bands centered around 1310 nm, 1560 nm, 1570 nm, and 1930 nm, which is, to the best of our knowledge, the first on-chip spectrometer available for sensing multiple gas components like HF, CO, H2S, and CO2. The spectral resolutions of the four wavelength bands are 0.11 nm, 0.08 nm, 0.08 nm, and 0.37 nm, respectively. Such a customized silicon photonic spectrometer shows great potential for various applications, including gas monitors, wearable biosensors, and portable spectral-domain optical coherence tomography.
Whole-of-school physical activity implementation in the context of the Dubai Fitness Challenge
Authors: McMahon Chris , Webster Collin A. , Weaver R. Glenn , El Haber Christophe , Tekkurşun Demir Gönül , Ismail Zainab Mohamed , Naqvi Syeda Zoha Fatima , Ghani Mehnaz , Kepenek Şevval , Kherraf Manel , Krishnakumar Thrisha , Prakash Pranati , Seo Yeowon 
Published: March 2024

Introduction
Physical activity (PA) promotion among school-aged youth is a global health priority. Recommendations for such promotion include implementing whole-of-school approaches that maximize resources across the school environment. This study examined schools’ participation in an annual, government-led, and emirate-wide initiative in Dubai, called the Dubai Fitness Challenge, in which the goal is to accrue 30 minutes of PA every day for 30 days (as such, the initiative is colloquially referred to as “Dubai 30x30”).

Methods
A mixed-methods design was employed for this study. Three schools were recruited using convenience sampling. Participants were 18 physical education teachers, 20 classroom teachers, 2 principals and 45 students. Data sources included surveys, focus groups, and interviews. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, multinomial logistic regression, and open and axial coding to develop themes.

Results
School staff reported that most Dubai 30x30 activities were provided in physical education, at break times during school, and before and after school. Students reported that they mainly participated in Dubai 30x30 activities during physical education and occasionally participated in activities after school and on weekends. During school, students were more likely to reach higher PA intensity levels when they were in contexts other than the regular classroom setting. Among school staff, physical education teachers were most involved and classroom teachers were least involved in promoting Dubai 30x30. Parent engagement was high. Staff perceived that Dubai 30x30 brought the community together, but physical education teachers also indicated there was a lack of implementation guidance and they felt burdened. Participants believed Dubai 30x30 increased PA participation and helped to promote their schools.

Discussion
This study provides an initial glimpse into schools’ participation in Dubai 30x30 and suggests that a whole-of-school PA lens is useful in gleaning information that could help to increase and optimize PA opportunities for students.
Опыт использования метода неоконченных предложений в изучении образов «героя» и «антигероя» нашего времени
Authors: Желизнык Мария Николаевна 
Published: March 2024

Статья описывает результаты эксперимента по использованию метода неоконченных предложений в изучении проблематики героизма среди старшеклассников. На основе большого эмпирического материала (анкет более 10 тыс. школьников Ленинградской области) автор анализирует коммуникативную и когнитивную адекватность использованных неоконченных предложений, рассматривает специфику административного контекста выборки и его влияние на данные, уделяя особое внимание качеству полученных данных. Автор приводит структуру понятий «герой нашего времени» и «антигерой нашего времени» в представлениях школьников, пирамиду обобщений, а также предлагает типологию героев и антигероев, сформированную на основе смысловых магистральных характеристик, выделенных в процессе анализа эмпирических данных. В основе предлагаемых типов преимущественно лежит социальная функция героя и антигероя нашего времени. По итогам проведенного анализа автор работы заключает, что неоконченное предложение о герое нашего времени является рабочим инструментом для определения структуры понятия, который позволяет получать содержательный материал с допустимым количеством иррелевантных ответов.
Благодарность. Автор выражает благодарность М. Павлову за критический взгляд и важные замечания по рукописи данной работы.
The effect of gamma radiation on 5-hydroxymethylfurfural conversion in water and dimethyl sulfoxide
Authors: Benwannamas Nurulsafeelanaria , Sataman Phongphak , Thongkham Somprasong , Kingkam Wilasinee , Sriwiang Wiranee , Laksee Sakchai , Prigyai Nicha , Sangtawesin Tanagorn , Chutimasakul Threeraphat 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is a biomass-based chemical platform that can undergo many feasible reactions. One of the most important reactions is the oxidation to 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA), which is the monomer for bioplastic production. In this work, the radiation method was used to investigate the conversion of HMF in both aqueous (DI) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solutions. The effects of media solvents, atmospheric gases, HMF concentrations, additive bases, and absorbed doses of gamma radiation were studied. The results showed that the media solvent played a crucial role in HMF conversion under gamma irradiation. At 30 kGy, the HMF conversions in DI and DMSO were 92.1 and 24.1%, respectively, and the oxidation products were only found in the irradiated samples under DMSO. The HMF conversion and oxidation product formation increased with the gamma radiation dose. Moreover, it was found that FDCA stability toward gamma irradiation is highly sensitive in aqueous solution but relatively stable in DMSO. The results implied the alternative promising choice of radiation method compared with traditional methods. To join the bridge, the use of a mixture solvent DI/DMSO seems considerable in the future.
Marine antifouling coating based on fluorescent-modified poly(ethylene-co-tetrafluoroethylene) resin
Authors: Wang Ze , Li Yu , Ren Jiahao , Xiong Yangkai , Li Zheng , Wang Guoqing 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The growth of marine economy urgently needs non-toxic coatings. This study provides a novel and green coating that obtains outstanding antifouling performance by combining the low surface energy effect and the fluorescent effect. The coating was synthesized by reacting tetraphenylethylene (TPE) as the fluorescent component with poly(ethylene-co-tetrafluoroethylene) resin. The introduction of TPE provided the resin coating with lower surface energy and fluorescent properties, leading to improve the antifouling performance. This study indicates fluorescent TPE polymers for marine antifouling and opens new horizons for the exploitation of fluorescent antifouling coatings.
Molecular dynamics simulation and experimental study on the mechanical properties of PET nanocomposites filled with CaCO3, SiO2, and POE-g-GMA
Authors: Cheng Xiaoying , Liao Qiuhui , Xu Jiani , Gu Zeen , He Yibo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This work investigated the mechanical properties of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) reinforced with calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and silica (SiO2) nanoparticles, respectively, and the improvement in toughness of the ternary system with the incorporation of graft-modified ethylene-1-octene copolymer (POE-g-GMA). PET nanocomposites were prepared by melt blending extrusion and injection molding. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was employed to construct models for binary system filled with nanoparticles and ternary system with the additional inclusion of POE-g-GMA elastomers. The results of mechanical property tests and MD simulation revealed that the binary system exhibited increased elastic modulus and tensile strength, mainly attributed to the effective reinforcement of rigid nanoparticles and the surface adsorption between nanoparticles and the PET matrix enhanced the interfacial interactions. CaCO3 indicated a more pronounced reinforcing effect, possibly due to the higher crystallinity of its composites. The incorporation of POE-g-GMA resulted in a significant improvement in impact strength and the elongation at break of PET nanocomposites. This enhancement in toughness is attributed to the elastomer’s ability to absorb a substantial amount of impact energy, while the elastic modulus is higher than that of pure PET.
Enhancing attapulgite and cement-modified loess for effective landfill lining: A study on seepage prevention and Cu/Pb ion adsorption
Authors: Zhang Zhengrui , Matlan Siti Jahara , Zhang Lili , Pishro Ahad Amini , Pishro Mojdeh Amini , Gao Xian , Taha Nazaruddin Abdul , Zhou Yuxin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This study aims to use attapulgite (ATT) and cement to modify loess as the lining material of landfills in loess areas and to exert the adsorption property of modified loess to ensure seepage prevention. It provides a safe, efficient, low-cost anti-seepage material for constructing a landfill in a loess area. For ATT-modified loess, when the content of ATT is less than 10%, the decrease rate of permeability coefficient is obvious, and when the content is more than 10%, the decrease rate becomes slow. After adding 5% cement on this basis, the permeability coefficient of ATT cement-modified loess is 8 × 10−8 cm/s, which meets the standard requirements (≤10−7 cm/s). The results show that the adsorption of Cu and Pb ions on ATT cement-modified loess is higher than that on pure loess. Cu and Pb ions’ adsorption rates are 99.2 and 98.5% in a single solution. In the mixed solution, the adsorption rates of copper and lead ions were 97.5 and 98.2%, respectively. Therefore, the study obtained the ratio of modified loess (85% loess + 10% ATT + 5% cement) that can not only meet the seepage prevention requirements of the landfill but also can adsorb heavy metal ions in the leachate, providing security for the landfill.
Circ_0051428 targeting miR-885-3p/MMP2 axis enhances the malignancy of cervical cancer
Authors: Song Caixian , Chen Liping 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are key regulators of cervical cancer (CC) progression. This study aimed to elucidate the role and mechanism of circ_0051428, a novel circRNA, in CC tumorigenesis. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting analyses confirmed that circ_0051428 and matrix metalloprotein-2 (MMP2) were overexpressed in CC, whereas the microRNA miR-885-3p was poorly expressed. After performing a series of in vitro and in vivo experiments, circ_0051428 knockdown was shown to repress CC cell invasion and proliferation in vitro, and hamper tumor formation in vivo. Dual-luciferase reporter and RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation experiments verified that circ_0051428 interacts with miR-885-3p to regulate the target gene MMP2 of miR-885-3p in CC. In addition, miR-885-3p knockdown offset the anticancer effects of circ_0051428 or MMP2 knockdown on CC cell malignancy. Overall, this study revealed that circ_0051428 executes a tumor-promoting function in CC pathogenesis by modulating the miR-885-3p/MMP2 axis. Our findings provide a novel approach for CC treatment.