bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photosynthetically-powered phototactic active nematic liquid crystal fluids and gels
Authors: Repula Andrii , Gates Colin , Cameron Jeffrey C. , Smalyukh Ivan I. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractOne of the most ancient forms of life dating to ~3.5 billion years ago, cyanobacteria are highly abundant organisms that convert light into energy and motion, often within conjoined filaments and larger colonies that attract a great deal of interest but their active nematic behavior remained unexplored. Here we demonstrate how light causes a spontaneous self-assembly of two- and three-dimensional active nematic states of cyanobacterial filaments, with a plethora of topological defects. We quantify light-controlled evolutions of orientational and velocity order parameters during the transition between disordered and orientationally ordered states of photosynthetic active matter, as well as the subsequent active nematic’s fluid-gel transformation. Patterned illumination and foreign inclusions with different shapes interact with cyanobacterial active nematics in nontrivial ways while inducing interfacial boundary conditions and fractional boojum defects. Our phototactic model system promises opportunities to systematically explore fundamental properties and technological utility of the liquid crystalline active matter.
Northern Hemisphere winter atmospheric teleconnections are intensified by extratropical ocean-atmosphere coupling
Authors: Mori Masato , Kosaka Yu , Taguchi Bunmei , Tokinaga Hiroki , Tatebe Hiroaki , Nakamura Hisashi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe role of extratropical atmosphere-ocean coupling in generating and maintaining large-scale atmospheric low-frequency variability remains an open question owing to vigorous atmospheric internal fluctuations. Here, we use coupled and uncoupled large-ensemble global model simulations to clarify how the coupling intensifies atmospheric teleconnection patterns in the Northern Hemisphere winter. We show that the extratropical coupling selectively enhances the variance of three principal modes of variability, explaining 13%, 11%, and 10% of the total variance of Pacific/North American, North Atlantic Oscillation, and Warm-Arctic Cold-Eurasian patterns, respectively. Atmosphere-ocean coupling reduces damping to lower-tropospheric available potential energy, which in turn increases kinetic energy by changing energy transfer within the mode. The extratropical ocean is overall passive (adjustable) to large-scale atmospheric variation, thus contributing to the prominence of these modes. The geographical dependence of available potential energy damping suggests the existence of mode-specific sweet spots where the influence of coupling operates efficiently, providing a clue to improving the model biases in variance and signal-to-noise ratio of these modes.
Intelligent assessment of building damage of 2023 Turkey-Syria Earthquake by multiple remote sensing approaches
Authors: Yu Xiao , Hu Xie , Song Yuqi , Xu Susu , Li Xuechun , Song Xiaodong , Fan Xuanmei , Wang Fang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA catastrophic Mw7.8 earthquake hit southeast Turkey and northwest Syria on February 6th, 2023, leading to more than 44 k deaths and 160 k building collapses. The interpretation of earthquake-triggered building damage is usually subjective, labor intensive, and limited by accessibility to the sites and the availability of instant, high-resolution images. Here we propose a multi-class damage detection (MCDD) model enlightened by artificial intelligence to synergize four variables, i.e., amplitude dispersion index (ADI) and damage proxy (DP) map derived from Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images, the change of the normalized difference built-up index (NDBI) derived from optical remote sensing images, as well as peak ground acceleration (PGA). This approach allows us to characterize damage on a large, tectonic scale and a small, individual-building scale. The integration of multiple variables in classifying damage levels into no damage, slight damage, and serious damage (including partial or complete collapses) excels the traditional practice of solely use of DP by 11.25% in performance. Our proposed approach can quantitatively and automatically sort out different building damage levels from publicly available satellite observations, which helps prioritize the rescue mission in response to emergent disasters.
Construction of WS2/NC@C nanoflake composites as performance-enhanced anodes for sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Yuan Chun , Liu Baolin , Zhang Hongyu , Ma Huan , Lu Zhenjiang , Xie Jing , Hu Jindou , Cao Yali 
Published: March 2024

WS2 nanoflakes were immobilized on N-doped carbon with abundant active sites, which showed a capacity of 219.6 mA h g−1 at 5 A g−1 after 1000 cycles in SIBs, and a capacity retention of 82.9% at 1 A g−1 after 2000 cycles in SIHCs.
Beeinflusst musikalische Erziehung die Lebens- und Versorgungsqualität von Kindern und Jugendlichen mit Diabetes mellitus Typ 1?
Authors: Kettnaker Franz , Marmulla Lena , Zamani Elham , Vollhase Jasim , de Sousa Gideon , Jenetzky Ekkehart , Berger Bettina , Hilgard Dörte , Martin David 
Published: March 2024

SummaryIn der kindlichen Entwicklungsphase bringen chronische Erkrankungen wie Diabetes mellitus Typ 1 (T1D) besondere Herausforderungen mit sich. Betroffene Kinder und Jugendliche sind mit zusätzlicher Musikerziehung möglicherweise besser in der Lage, sich diesen Herausforderungen zu stellen. Über den Zeitraum von 4 Jahren (2017–2020) wurden in einer multizentrischen Querschnittsstudie 219 Probandenpaare (je ein Kind und eine erziehungsberechtigte Person) im Alter von 6–17 Jahren befragt. Zur Datenerhebung wurden zum einen der Hauptfragebogen und das Ergänzungsmodul Diabetes der Kindl-Reihe zur gesundheitsbezogenen Lebensqualität eingesetzt. Dieser Fragenkatalog wurde mit Fragen zur Demografie und HbA1c ergänzt. Von den 219 Proband*innen praktizierten 106 (48,4 %) außerschulisch Musik- oder Instrumentalunterricht. Bei der Selbsteinschätzung der Probanden bezüglich der subjektiven seelischen Zufriedenheit sowie der Einschätzung zur eigenen Person konnte kein signifikanter Unterschied zwischen Proband*innen mit und ohne Musikerziehung festgestellt werden. Allerdings zeigte die Querschnittsuntersuchung einen möglichen Zusammenhang des Musizierens mit der Stoffwechsellage. Der aktuelle HbA1c-Wert, als Maß der langfristigen Stoffwechselsituation, lag im musikalischen Zweig mit 7,6 % unterhalb des medianen Wertes derjenigen ohne musikalische Erziehung mit 8,3 % (p = 0,002). Die Bluttestergebnisse der vorangegangenen 9 Monate wiesen diesbezüglich ebenfalls Vorteile für die Studiengruppe von 7,8 % zu 8,3 % auf (p = 0,010).
Musikgeragogik: Musik bis ins hohe Alter
Authors: Tüpker Rosemarie 
Published: March 2024

SummarySich musikalisch zu betätigen, fördert Lebensqualität, Gesundheit, Wohlbefinden von älteren Menschen und ist zudem häufig mit dem Knüpfen sozialer Kontakte verbunden. Musikgeragogik erhält und fördert die musikalischen Ressourcen älterer Menschen und ermöglicht dadurch ihre kulturelle Teilhabe am gesamten Bereich des Musiklebens. Singen in Chören, das Spielen eines Musikinstruments oder das Hören von Musik zählen dazu. Orientiert wird sich dabei immer an der individuellen Lebenssituation des Patienten oder der Patientin.
Entlassmanagement im Kontext eines Palliativdienstes im Krankenhaus – Entwicklung und Anwendung von Qualitätskriterien
Authors: Muszynski Theresa , Dasch Burkhard , Bernhardt Florian , Lenz Philipp 
Published: March 2024

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Die Entwicklung und Testung von Qualitätskriterien im Entlassprozess von durch den Palliativdienst mitbetreuten Patient:innen im Krankenhaus.
Methodik Die Exploration der Bedeutung von Qualitätskriterien im Entlassmanagement wurde durch Expert:inneninterviews überprüft, relevante Kriterien abgeleitet, ein Fragebogen zur Qualitätsbeurteilung aus Sicht der Nachversorgenden entwickelt und dessen Ergebnisse mit einer internen Prozessbewertung verglichen.
Ergebnisse Es wurden vier Qualitätskriterien definiert: (I) palliativmedizinische Informationsweitergabe, (II) Entlassbrief, (III) Information von Patient:innen und Zugehörigen und (IV) lückenlose Versorgung mit Arznei-, Heil- und Hilfsmitteln. Die interne Auswertung der Kriterien im klinischen Alltag zeigte, dass diese Informationen jedoch häufig in den Entlassdokumenten fehlten.
Schlussfolgerung Es konnten Qualitätsdefizite im Entlassmanagement von Patient:innen in palliativer Mitbetreuung aufgezeigt werden. Die Studie konkretisiert relevante Informationen und macht deutlich, dass diese in den Patient:innenakten größtenteils vollständig auffindbar wären. Es muss daher ein Verständnis für die Wichtigkeit dieser Informationen geschaffen werden, z.B. durch eine strukturierte und automatisierte Weitergabe.
Student ultrasound education – current views and controversies
Authors: Dietrich Christoph F. , Sirli Roxana Lucia , Barth Gregor , Blaivas Michael , Daum Nils , Dong Yi , Essig Manfred , Gschmack Anna Maria , Goudie Adrian , Hofmann Tino , Hoffmann Beatrice , Jenssen Christian , Kallenbach Michael , Karlas Thomas , Krutz Alexander , Löwe Axel , Lucius Claudia , Möller Kathleen , Neubauer Ricarda , Nurnberg Dieter , Prats Michael , Prosch Helmut , Recker Florian , Ruppert Johannes P. , Sänger Sophie-Luise , Wangenheim Friederike , Weimer Johannes M. , Westerway Susan Campbell , Zervides Constantinos 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAs an extension of the clinical examination and as a diagnostic and problem-solving tool, ultrasound has become an established technique for clinicians. A prerequisite for high-quality clinical ultrasound practice is adequate student ultrasound training. In light of the considerable heterogeneity of ultrasound curricula in medical studies worldwide, this review presents basic principles of modern medical student ultrasound education and advocates for the establishment of an ultrasound core curriculum embedded both horizontally and vertically in medical studies.
TIPS and Interventional Radiology Management of Portal Hypertensive Complications in Pediatric Population
Authors: Spogis Dr. med. Jakob , Tsiflikas PD Dr. med. Ilias , Schäfer Prof. Dr. med. Jürgen F. , Hartleif Dr. med. Steffen , Warmann Prof. Dr. med. Steven W. , Grözinger Prof. Dr. med. Gerd 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTransjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) placement is a well-established procedure for treating the sequelae of portal hypertension in adults. In pediatric patients also, TIPS is a good alternative to surgical shunt procedures because it is less invasive. However, similar or even more than in adults, TIPS creation is one of the technically more challenging procedures in children requiring special considerations regarding portal venous access and stent placement. Although data are limited to retrospective single-center experiences and meta-analysis, current findings suggest that TIPS is safe and effective in pediatric patients. If monitored and revised carefully, TIPS stents can last for a long time and may be able to serve for more than a short-term bridge to liver transplantation. This review shall provide information about the authors' procedural technique and give a short overview about the recent literature.
Cartilage-Sparing Otoplasty: An Overview of the Mustardé and Furnas Suture Techniques
Authors: Levin Marc , Ziai Hedyeh , Gantous Andres , Adamson Peter A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractOtoplasty is commonly used to treat prominauris. Cartilage-sparing techniques for otoplasty are well popularized. The most common cartilage-sparing otoplasty techniques include the Mustardé and Furnas techniques. This article discusses the preparation, surgical steps, postoperative care, and associated complications for Mustardé and Furnas otoplasty in detail.
Shaping the future of AI in healthcare through ethics and governance
Authors: Bouderhem Rabaï 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe purpose of this research is to identify and evaluate the technical, ethical and regulatory challenges related to the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in healthcare. The potential applications of AI in healthcare seem limitless and vary in their nature and scope, ranging from privacy, research, informed consent, patient autonomy, accountability, health equity, fairness, AI-based diagnostic algorithms to care management through automation for specific manual activities to reduce paperwork and human error. The main challenges faced by states in regulating the use of AI in healthcare were identified, especially the legal voids and complexities for adequate regulation and better transparency. A few recommendations were made to protect health data, mitigate risks and regulate more efficiently the use of AI in healthcare through international cooperation and the adoption of harmonized standards under the World Health Organization (WHO) in line with its constitutional mandate to regulate digital and public health. European Union (EU) law can serve as a model and guidance for the WHO for a reform of the International Health Regulations (IHR).
A corpus-based approach to the reception of Chinese television dramas streamed overseas
Authors: Chen Lin , Chang Kexin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn recent years, the state government of China has vigorously supported the export of cultural projects. As the carrier of cultural output, television dramas carry important missions of cultural communication. In the age of convergence when the practice of watching television involves more viewer engagement, audience reception investigates how audiences may engage in a broad range of interactive experiences and activities. This paper focuses on the reception of Chinese television dramas streamed overseas on two prominent video streaming sites, YouTube and Rakuten Viki. Adopting a corpus-based approach, it first identifies the top ten most popular Chinese television dramas on the two sites. Subsequently, user-generated reviews and comments for the selected dramas are collected, and a corpus analysis is conducted on the data derived from the two platforms. The findings reveal that a) viewers exhibit a notable preference for Chinese contemporary dramas, and in particular, modern romance dramas; b) the predominant concerns underlying the reception of Chinese television dramas revolve around storylines, actors/characters and subtitles; c) reviews and comments related to subtitling can be categorized into distinct themes, which reveal the major concerns of international viewership. Through the investigation, this paper attempts to promote the translation and reception of Chinese television dramas and expand the export market of Chinese productions.
Academic stress and cyberloafing among university students: the mediating role of fatigue and self-control
Authors: Nweke Gabriel E. , Jarrar Yosra , Horoub Ibrahim 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study aims to fill a gap in existing literature by investigating the relationship between academic stress and cyberloafing behavior among university students. By examining 415 final-year undergraduate students from various faculties at Girne American University, the research utilizes a correlational design to analyze the impact of academic stress on cyberloafing, considering the mediating effect of fatigue and the moderating influence of self-control. The findings reveal a significant positive association between academic stress and cyberloafing, with fatigue partially mediating this relationship and self-control moderating the influence. This research offers a novel perspective on understanding and addressing cyberloafing in educational settings, thereby contributing to the existing body of knowledge on this topic. The study’s methodology and findings provide valuable insights into the complex interplay of academic stress, fatigue, self-control, and cyberloafing, offering implications for educational institutions in addressing and mitigating cyberloafing behaviors among students.
Photovoltaic effect on silicon–alumina–ferromagnet tunnel junction providing insights about spin-dependent molecular spintronics solar cells
Authors: Suh Pius , Tyagi Pawan 
Published: March 2024

The study focuses on the observation of the photovoltaic (PV) effect on Si/AlOx/FM semiconductor–insulator–ferromagnetic metal (SIFM) structure. Utilization of ∼10 nm NiFe film as the top ferromagnet (FM) layer was permeable for sufficient light radiation necessary for reaching the silicon substrate for the generation of electron–hole pairs upon photoexcitation. The effect of light intensity and magnetic field was studied on the SIFM’s PV response. We also investigated the role of silicon doping and the AlOx tunnel barrier between Si and FM in exploring suitable band bending necessary for separating the electron–hole pairs. Increasing the dopant density in Si and a damaged AlOx tunnel barrier quenched the PV effect. Ferromagnet/Insulator/Ferromagnet (FMIFM) was also studied to gain deeper mechanistic insights into the spin-dependent photovoltaic effect observed on FM/AlOx/FM tunnel junction-based molecular spintronics devices. Bridging of magnetic molecules between the Si and FM electrodes of SIFM increased the overall device current by establishing additional parallel conduction channels along with the AlOx tunnel barrier. However, SIFM with molecular conduction channels did not produce a PV effect. This study reported the PV effect on well-designed SIFM and opened possibilities for exploring new systems. More importantly, this paper provided insights into the role of molecule-induced exchange coupling in transforming an ordinary, cheap, and widely available ferromagnet into a semiconductor-like material capable of showing PV.
Comparative study on heteropolar/homopolar magnetic bearings for high-speed rotating applications
Authors: Noh Sujin , Park Joo Hong , Shin Kyung-Hun , Cho Han-wook 
Published: March 2024

Bearing technology must be supported to attain high-speed and high-efficiency rotating applications. Previous research focused on performance enhancement and optimization, rather than comparative studies among magnetic bearings. This study presents the design and comparison of five magnetic bearing types for high-speed rotating applications: an 8-pole conventional heteropolar, fork-type heteropolar, hybrid fork-type homopolar, and hybrid homopolar magnetic bearings. For quantitative evaluation, mechanical parameters were selected to ensure a uniform coil volume and current supply. The heteropolar magnetic bearings employed 35PN440 steel, whereas the homopolar magnetic bearings utilized pure solid iron. The bias currents were determined based on the respective material properties. The driving circuits were compared by comparing models with and without permanent magnets. The magnetic flux density was assessed at equilibrium and maximum control current, and the loss characteristics were evaluated at 30 000 rpm. Linear control regions were identified by analyzing the relationships between the electromagnetic force, current, and displacement. As a result, the most suitable magnetic bearing for high-speed rotating applications is proposed.
“The youths are wiser now”
Authors: Ikechukwu-Ibe Chioma Juliet , Aboh Sopuruchi Christian 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This study examines several Nigerians’ resistance to the two major political parties and their presidential
candidates using positive discourse analysis. Additionally, the study critically investigates Nigerians’ support for the
presidential candidate of the Labour Party (LP) during the build-up to the 2023 Nigeria’s general elections. Data for the study
comprise 1000 tweets with the hashtags #Obidients, #Atikulated, #Tinubu and tweets that mentioned Peter Obi, Atiku, Atikulated,
Jagaban, Tinubu, Emilokan, PDP, APC and LP between June and October 2022. The analysis reveals that tweeps construct resistance
via three discursive strategies: critiquing and resisting the APC and PDP, portraying Peter Obi of the Labour Party as a political
saviour, and positioning Nigerians as politically wiser. This study provides a fresh perspective on analysing Nigeria’s electoral
rhetoric by identifying social media as sites for atypical resistance, social change, and revolution.
The void side of silica: surveying optical properties and applications of mesoporous silica
Authors: Olla Chiara , Carbonaro Carlo Maria 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Mesoporous silica stands out as a remarkable, low-density transparent material characterized by well-defined nanometric pore sizes. It is available in various morphologies, including monoliths, nanoparticles, and films. This material plays a pivotal role in numerous technological applications, both independently and as a component in hybrid composites, acting as a host for a diverse range of inorganic and organic materials. Among the synthetic routes, we accounted for the sol–gel method because of its large success in producing both nanoparticles and bulk mesoporous silica. This review focuses on exploring the optical properties of mesoporous silica and mesoporous silica-based composites, delving into how the huge void space within mesoporous silica can be harnessed across various fields: thermal and electrical insulations, photonics, environmental devices, or nanocargos for drugs and bioimaging. This comprehensive examination underscores the multifaceted potential of mesoporous silica, positioning it as a key player in the development of innovative solutions across various scientific domains.
Hydrological impacts of altered monsoon rain spells in the Indian Ganga basin: a century-long perspective
Authors: Maurya Amit Kumar , Swarnkar Somil , Prakash Shivendra 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The Indian Ganga basin (IGB) is one of the most valuable socioeconomic regions in the Indian subcontinent. The IGB supports more than half a billion people due to an abundant supply of freshwater for agro-industrial purposes, primarily through Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM) rainfall contributions (∼85%). Any alterations in ISM characteristics would significantly affect freshwater availability, and as a result, socioeconomic activities would be affected. Therefore, in this study, we have attempted to assess how the monsoon rain spell characteristics, i.e. peak, volume, and duration, altered historically between 1901 to 2019. We further analyzed the specific IGB regions where monsoon rain spell changes are more prominent and their hydrological implications. Our estimates reveal that short-duration high-magnitude rain spells have significantly increased across the major regions of the IGB after 1960, which implies the increased probabilities of flash flood hazards. At the same time, the rain spell volumes have been depleted across the IGB after 1960, especially in the eastern Indo-Gangetic plains and southern IGB regions, indicating increased drought frequencies. Further, Himalayan regions, i.e. upper Ganga, upper Yamuna, and upper Ghaghra, have demonstrated increasing magnitudes of rain spell peaks, volume, and duration post-1960. In addition, the continuous warming and anthropogenic alterations might further exaggerate the current situation. Thus, these inferences are helpful for river basin management strategies to deal with the extreme hydrological disasters in the IGB.