bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Smartwatch-based functional assessment for upper extremity impairment after musculoskeletal injuries: A pilot study
Authors: Nam Hyung Seok , Han Sol , Leigh Ja-Ho , Bang Moon Suk 
Published: March 2024

Introduction Wearable sensors are increasingly applied to rehabilitation for arm movement analysis. However, simple and clinically relevant applications are scarce. Objectives To investigate the feasibility of single smart watch-based parameters for functional assessment in upper limb rehabilitation for musculoskeletal injuries using a commercial smart watch. Method Ten patients with unilateral shoulder pain and range-of-motion limitations were enrolled. They wore Galaxy Watch® and performed three sets of upper extremity tasks consisting of gross activities-of-daily-living tasks, Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT), and Upper Extremity Functional Index (UEFI), and the acceleration and angular velocities were acquired. The motion segment size (MSS), representing motion smoothness from a clinical perspective, and various sensor-based parameters were extracted. The correlation between the parameters and clinical outcome measures were analyzed. The percent relative range (PRR) of the significant parameters was also calculated. Results For overhead and behind body activity task set, mean MSS for elbow flexion/extension axis significantly correlated with WMFT score (R = 0.784, p = .012). For planar tasks, mean MSS for the forearm supination/pronation (R = 0.815, p = .007) and shoulder rotation (R = 0.870, p = .002) axes significantly correlated with WMFT score. For forearm and fine movement task set, mean MSS of the elbow flexion/extension angle showed significant correlation with WMFT (R = 0.880, p < .001) and UEFI (R = 0.718, p = .019). The total performance time (R = −0.741, p = .014) also showed significant correlation with WMFT score. The PRR for mean MSS in forearm supination (71.5%, planar tasks) and mean MSS in x-direction (49.8%, forearm and fine motor movements) were similar to the PRR of WMFT (58.5%), suggesting sufficient variation range across different degree of impairments. Conclusion The commercial smart watch-based parameters showed consistent potential for use in clinical functional assessments.
Syringe-assisted test-aspiration with mechanical aspiration thrombectomy results in good safety and short-term outcomes in the treatment of patients with deep venous thrombosis
Authors: Li Wanglong , Lin Yichen , Su Kunfeng , Cai Fanggang , Zhang Jinchi , Lai Xiaoling , Zheng Xiaoqi , Guo Pingfan , Hou Xinhuang , Dai Yiquan 
Published: March 2024

Objective To evaluate the short-term outcomes and safety of syringe-assisted test-aspiration with mechanical aspiration thrombectomy in the treatment of deep venous thrombosis. Methods This was a single-center, retrospective study of hospitalized patients with iliofemoral and/or inferior vena caval deep venous thrombosis, excluding those with pulmonary embolism. We collected the following patient data from the electronic medical records: age, sex, provoked/unprovoked deep venous thrombosis, symptom duration, thrombosed segments, and the presence of a tumor, thrombophilia, diabetes, and/or iliac vein compression syndrome. Venography and computed tomographic venography were performed in all patients before the procedure. All patients underwent syringe-assisted test-aspiration with mechanical aspiration thrombectomy under local anesthesia and sedation, and all received low-molecular-weight heparin peri-operatively. All patients underwent implantation of an inferior vena caval filter. Rivaroxaban was administered post-procedure, instead of heparin, for 3–6 months, with lower extremity compression. Results Overall, 29 patients with deep venous thrombosis underwent syringe-assisted test-aspiration with mechanical aspiration thrombectomy from January 2022 to October 2022 in our institution. Technical success (>70% thrombus resolution) was achieved in all patients, and using a single procedure in 25/29 patients (86%). Concomitant stenting was performed in 18/29 (62%) of the patients, and 21/29 (69%) underwent angioplasty. The median (interquartile range) procedure time was 110 min (100–122), the median intra-operative bleeding volume was 150 mL (120–180), and the median decrease in the hemoglobin concentration from pre- to post-operative was 7 g/L (4–14). The median follow-up duration was 7 months (5–9). All patients obtained symptomatic relief, and 27/29 achieved near-remission or full remission (combined total). No patients experienced peri-operative bleeding complications, or symptom recurrence or post-thrombectomy syndrome during follow-up. Conclusion The short-term outcomes following syringe-assisted test-aspiration with mechanical aspiration thrombectomy in the treatment of deep venous thrombosis were excellent, and the procedure was safe.
Translation, cultural adaptation, and psychometric validation of the Provider Attitudes toward Cardiac Rehabilitation and Referral (PACRR-C) Scale in Simplified Chinese
Authors: Yunmei Ding , Yan Cui , Jiayun Gu , Grace Sherry L. 
Published: March 2024

Background The Provider Attitudes toward CR and Referral (PACRR) scale was translated into Simplified Chinese and psychometric validation ensued. Methods Brislin's Translation Model was applied, with two independent forward translations followed by back-translation. Experts assessed the face, content and cross-cultural validity of items, and item analysis followed. For validation, 227 physicians from hospitals in 14 Chinese provinces completed the PACRR-C. Structural validity was assessed through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Internal and split-half reliability were assessed. Results Some items were rephrased and one item was deleted. The content validity index for the total scale was 0.965. The correlation coefficients between the 18 items and the total scale ranged between 0.28 and 0.76. Consistent with the English version, four factors were extracted (Cronbach's alpha ranged from 0.671–0.959) through the factor analysis, accounting for 71.21% of the total variance. Split-half reliability was 0.945. The greatest factors impacting physician's CR attitudes were inconvenience of the referral process (3.93 ± 0.65/5); lack of standard referral forms (3.92 ± 0.66), perceiving referral as the responsibility of another clinician (3.89 ± 0.67), and need for support in completing the referral form (3.89 ± 0.64). Conclusions/Significance The reliability, as well as content, face, cross-cultural, and structural validity of the 18-item, 4-subscale PACRR-C, were supported.
Anthropogenic Threats to Crocodiles, and the Level and Sociodemographic Determinants of their Utilization in Lower River Tana Basin, Kenya
Authors: Mosse Margaret N. , Odadi Wilfred O. , Kibue Grace W. 
Published: March 2024

Background and Research Aims Globally, crocodile ranching programs are intended to generate livelihood benefits for local communities and incentives for crocodile conservation. However, there is need for their contextual scientific evaluation in many human-dominated tropical landscapes. We investigated the anthropogenic threats to crocodiles, and examined the level and sociodemographic determinants of their utilization in lower River Tana basin, Kenya. Methods We conducted seven key informant interviews, four focus group discussions and a quantitative household survey involving 365 respondents randomly selected from local villages. We analyzed anthropogenic threats to crocodiles and other qualitative data thematically. We summarized quantitative data using descriptive statistics and used multinomial logistic regression to analyze the association between selected sociodemographic variables and crocodile utilization. Results The main anthropogenic threats to crocodiles were agricultural expansion into their habitat, their retaliatory killing, and consumption of their meat and eggs. Only 5% of the respondents utilized crocodiles legally, whereas 32% utilized them illegally. Increasing age, increasing income, being male and being Christian all increased the likelihood of illegal crocodile utilization. Being male increased the likelihood of legal crocodile utilization, whereas increasing age decreased this likelihood. Conclusions Our study demonstrates multiple anthropogenic threats to crocodiles in lower River Tana despite a long-term ranching program. Furthermore, local community participation in this program is marginal and markedly varies among sociodemographic groups. Taken together, our findings suggest that crocodile ranching, as practiced in this landscape, is largely ineffective in achieving its intended socioeconomic and conservation goals. Conservation Implications To enhance their effectiveness, crocodile ranching programs in such landscapes should be tailored for local socio-cultural contexts. We recommend capacity building and awareness raising initiatives tailored for specific groups to increase local community participation in sustainable crocodile utilization and minimize their engagement in practices that are detrimental to crocodiles.
CT perfusion based rCBF <38% volume is independently and negatively associated with digital subtraction angiography collateral score in anterior circulation large vessel occlusions
Authors: Lakhani Dhairya A , Balar Aneri B , Koneru Manisha , Wen Sijin , Ozkara Burak Berksu , Wang Richard , Hoseinyazdi Meisam , Nabi Mehreen , Mazumdar Ishan , Cho Andrew , Chen Kevin , Sepehri Sadra , Hyson Nathan , Xu Risheng , Urrutia Victor , Luna Licia , Hillis Argye E , Heit Jeremy J , Albers Greg W , Rai Ansaar T , Yedavalli Vivek S 
Published: March 2024

Background Collateral status (CS) is an important biomarker of functional outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke secondary to large vessel occlusion (AIS-LVO). Pretreatment CT perfusion (CTP) parameters serve as reliable surrogates of collateral status (CS). In this study, we aim to assess the relationship between the relative cerebral blood flow less than 38% (rCBF <38%), with the reference standard American Society of Interventional and Therapeutic Neuroradiology (ASITN) collateral score (CS) on DSA. Methods In this prospectively collected, retrospectively reviewed analysis, inclusion criteria were as follows: (a) CT angiography (CTA) confirmed anterior circulation large vessel occlusion from 9/1/2017 to 10/01/2023; (b) diagnostic CT perfusion; and (c) underwent mechanical thrombectomy with documented ASITN CS. The ratios of the CTP-derived CBF values were calculated by dividing the values of the ischemic lesion by the corresponding values of the contralateral normal region (which were defined as rCBF). Spearman’s rank correlation and logistic regression analysis were performed to determine the relationship of rCBF <38% lesion volume with DSA ASITN CS. p ≤ .05 was considered significant. Results In total, 223 patients [mean age: 67.77 ± 15.76 years, 56.1% ( n = 125) female] met our inclusion criteria. Significant negative correlation was noted between rCBF <38% volume and DSA CS (ρ = −0.37, p < .001). On multivariate logistic regression analysis, rCBF <38% volume was found to be independently associated with worse ASITN CS (unadjusted OR: 3.03, 95% CI: 1.60–5.69, p < .001, and adjusted OR: 2.73, 95% CI: 1.34–5.50, p < .01). Conclusion Greater volume of tissue with rCBF <38% is independently associated with better DSA CS. rCBF <38% is a useful adjunct tool in collateralization-based prognostication. Future studies are needed to expand our understanding of the role of rCBF <38% within the decision-making in patients with AIS-LVO.
More than two decades of community of inquiry research: A comprehensive bibliometric analysis
Authors: Khodabandelou Rouhollah , Vahdani Asadi Mohammad Reza , Ghasemi Maryam , Amerian Mohammad 
Published: March 2024

The Community of Inquiry (CoI) has provided a useful tool for studying technology-enhanced learning environments. It has also been implemented as the theoretical framework for many types of relevant research. Since its development, the framework has generated substantial interest among scholars in many fields such as distance education, online and blended learning and computed-mediated instruction. Although extensive research has been carried out on the CoI, no single study has been conducted that statistically and mathematically examines all publications of the framework. This study aimed to comprehensively review more than two decades of publications on the CoI framework by applying the bibliometric analysis technique. Therefore, all the corresponding Scopus records (in total 5169) in the past 24 years (1999-2023) were analyzed using the VOSviewer, Bibliometrix, and CiteSpace tools. The study described various essential research indicators, such as the research categories (directions), most productive authors, journals, institutions, and countries, along with potential research hotspots. The thematic analysis highlighted the research themes that have attracted scholars in the field by visualization of the current CoI research landscape.
Suicidal ideation and attempts among Nigerian undergraduates: Exploring the relationships with depression, hopelessness, perceived burdensomeness, and thwarted belongingness
Authors: Iweama Cylia Nkechi , Agbaje Olaoluwa Samson , Lerum Namuga Isaiah , Igbokwe Charles Chima , Ozoemena Lawretta Eyuche 
Published: March 2024

Objective: The study investigated the prevalence of suicidal behavior and its association with depression, hopelessness, perceived burdensomeness, and thwarted belongingness in a sample of undergraduates in Nigeria. Introduction: Suicide is a leading cause of death among young adults globally. However, information about suicidal ideation, attempts, and relationships with psychiatric factors, perceived burdensomeness, and thwarted belongingness is sparse in Nigeria. The study investigated the prevalence of suicidal ideation and attempts and associated factors in a sample of undergraduates in Nigeria. Methods: We collected data from a cross-sectional survey of 625 undergraduate students primarily recruited from universities, colleges of education, and polytechnics in Adamawa Central Senatorial Zone, Adamawa State, northeast Nigeria. The Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised, the 15-item Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire, the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire, and the 20-item version of the Beck Hopelessness Scale were administered to the participants. We used descriptive statistics and binary and multivariate logistic regressions for data analysis. Results: A total of 616 students with a mean age of 21.41 ± 4.72 years completed the study. The prevalence of suicidal behavior was 34.9% (215/616). Having a female sex (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 8.37, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.06, 34.03), depression (AOR = 45.15, 95% CI: 0.95, 5.11), hopelessness (AOR = 20.10, 95% CI: 5.56, 72.41), and perceived burdensomeness (AOR = 89.15, 95% CI: 29.63, 268.30) were associated with suicidal ideation. In addition, being a female (AOR = 1.69, 95% CI = 1.02, 2.83), being a 200-level student (AOR = 3.41, 95% CI = 1.46, 7.96), and being a 300-level student (AOR = 0.28, 95% CI = 0.11, 0.74) were associated with suicidal attempt. Conclusion: The study’s findings show that suicidal behaviors (ideations and attempts) are prevalent among undergraduate students in northeast Nigeria. The findings underline the need for the development of mental health services and early identification and intervention for at-risk young people in Nigeria.
Optimizing caesarean section use and feasibility of implementing the Robson classification system: Perspectives of healthcare providers and policymakers
Authors: Shtainmetz Noa , Tesler Riki , Sharon Cochava , Korn Liat 
Published: March 2024

Introduction and Objective: In recent decades, caesarean section rates have increased dramatically worldwide and the reasons for this trend are not fully understood. This continuing trend has raised public health concerns regarding higher maternal and perinatal risks, high costs, healthcare efficiency, and inequality of services. The current study aimed to explore the perspectives and insights of healthcare providers and policymakers in the Israeli health system regarding the factors that drive caesarean section rates and the readiness and feasibility of implementing the Robson Ten Group Classification System for the first time. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted ( n = 12) with purposefully selected healthcare providers and policymakers in Israel. Data was analysed inductively using a thematic analysis approach. Results: The findings reflected the “changing landscape” in childbirth practices and attitudes that contributes to the rising caesarean section rate, including childbirth at older ages, birth planning, and a transition toward a more collaborative decision-making approach to childbirth. The participants emphasized the lack of a standardized classification or consistent data monitoring of caesarean section in the Israeli health system. Additionally, enablers to implement the Robson Ten Group Classification System in Israel (ease of use, data collection and recording, and the allocation of resources and personnel), as well as barriers (concerns over workload, limited resources, budget implications, and technological complexity), were found. Conclusions: This study revealed the multifaceted factors shaping caesarean section rates within Israel and underscored the perceived need for evidence-based monitoring and informed decision-making in healthcare practices. Our findings support the conclusion that empirical evidence and clear data are crucial for effective caesarean section use and are currently lacking in Israeli hospitals. Thus, it is recommended to adopt a globally standardized, accepted, and effective tool—the Robson Ten Group Classification System—to accommodate the “changing landscape” in alignment with evolving medical and societal dynamics, which consequently will assist in optimizing caesarean section use.
Self-medication prevalence and associated factors among adult population in Northern India: A community-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Juneja Khushboo , Chauhan Ambren , Shree Tuhina , Roy Priyanka , Bardhan Mainak , Ahmad Absar , Pawaiya Amit Singh , Anand Ayush 
Published: March 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to determine self-medication prevalence and its associated factors. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the urban and rural catchment areas of Uttar Pradesh, India, among 440 adults using a pretested, semistructured questionnaire. The Chi-square test and logistic regression were used to determine the association of self-medication prevalence with various independent variables. The associations were reported as adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Results: The prevalence of medication use was 66.4%. The majority of participants (45%) took medicine for fever, cough (40.1%), and cold (31.8%). Allopathy (83.2%) was the most common medicine system used for self-medication. More than half reported taking medicine such as paracetamol (52%), followed by cough syrup (21%) and antihistaminic (17%). Convenience (46%) and lack of time (35.3%) were commonly cited reasons for self-medication. Also, 64.4% of the respondents practiced self-medication on the pharmacist’s recommendation. Urban participants (adjusted odds ratio: 9.85, 95% confidence interval: 5.32–18.23), females (adjusted odds ratio: 2.32, 95% confidence interval: 1.18–4.57), skilled workers (adjusted odds ratio: 5.62, 95% confidence interval: 1.80–17.5), and those who completed primary school (adjusted odds ratio: 2.48, 95% confidence interval: 1.16–5.25) were more likely to self-medicate than rural, male, unemployed, and illiterate participants, respectively. Also, participants whose income was 30,000 Indian rupees (adjusted odds ratio: 3.21, 95% confidence interval: 1.00–10.21) were more likely to self-medicate than those whose income was less than 4000. Conclusions: A high prevalence of self-medication was found, particularly in urban areas. Convenience and lack of time were commonly cited reasons for self-medication. Allopathy was the most widely used medicine system for self-medication. Antipyretics, cough syrups, and antiallergics were most commonly self-medicated. Gender, education, and income were associated with self-medication. The study highlighted the increased usage among females which could be further explored and role of pharmacists’ recommendation as a major driver for self-medication.
Effects of Fluoride Varnish on Roughness of Polyacid-Modified Composite Resins at Different Temperatures: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Çevik Nuran , Bodrumlu Ebru Hazar 
Published: March 2024

Aim: The purpose of this study is to determine how fluoride varnish materials applied to polyacid modified composite resins (PMCR) affect roughness at various temperatures. Materials and Methods: In total, 100 PMCR discs were manufactured for this in vitro study, and the hundred samples were randomly split into five groups of twenty samples each. The samples in four groups had their surfaces coated with fluoride varnish at varying temperatures (4ºC, 23ºC, 39ºC, and 55ºC), while the samples in the control group did not get this treatment. A heating device is used for fluoride varnish. A profilometer was used to measure the samples’ surface roughness values after application. The Kruskal–Wallis and Shapiro–Wilk tests were used for statistical analysis. Results: After comparing five groups with twenty samples apiece, it was found that 23ºC had the greatest average roughness value. For the fluoride varnish material cooked at various temperatures, there was no discernible statistical variation in the roughness values. Conclusion: The study’s results indicate that all groups’ surface roughness values following the application of fluoride varnish at varying temperatures were found to be clinically acceptable.