bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Guided bone regeneration for peri‐implant augmentation: A retrospective study comparing two surgical techniques with a mean follow‐up of 26 months
Authors: Liu Yeyu , Lan Dongping , Gao Jiayu , Deng Chen , Man Yi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo introduce a modified guided bone regeneration (GBR) technique using intact periosteum and deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) for peri‐implant augmentation and compare the clinical outcomes with those of conventional GBR.Materials and MethodsPatients who received peri‐implant augmentation in posterior sites between 2015 and 2021 were reviewed in this study. Group A was treated with a modified GBR technique, and Group B was treated with conventional GBR. For group comparison, propensity score matching was performed with a sensitivity analysis. The implant survival rate, dimensional changes in hard tissue, marginal bone loss (MBL), and peri‐implant parameters were evaluated.ResultsIn total, 114 implants from 98 patients were included. The implant survival rates were 95.74% in Group A and 95.00% in Group B during the follow‐up period. At 6 months, the median horizontal thickness was recorded at 0.87 mm (IQ1–IQ3 = 0.00–1.75 mm) in Group A, exhibiting a relatively lower value compared to the corresponding measurement of 0.98 mm (IQ1–IQ3 = 0.00–1.89 mm) in Group B (p = .937). Vertical height displayed no statistically significant intergroup difference between the two groups (p = .758). The mean follow‐up period was 25.83 ± 12.93 months after loading in Group A and 27.47 ± 21.29 months in Group B (p = .761). MBL and peri‐implant parameters were comparable between the two groups.ConclusionsWithin the limitations of this study, the modified GBR technique using intact periosteum and DBBM grafting might be a viable alternative to correct bone defects around implants in molar and premolar sites.
Exosome‐transmitted podoplanin promotes tumor‐associated macrophage‐mediated immune tolerance in glioblastoma
Authors: Wu Mengwan , Shi Ying , Liu Yuyang , Huang Hongxiang , Che Jiajia , Shi Jing , Xu Chuan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimsGlioblastoma is the most frequent and aggressive primary brain tumor, characterized by rapid disease course and poor treatment responsiveness. The abundance of immunosuppressive macrophages in glioblastoma challenges the efficacy of novel immunotherapy.MethodsBulk RNA‐seq and single‐cell RNA‐seq of glioma patients from public databases were comprehensively analyzed to illustrate macrophage infiltration patterns and molecular characteristics of podoplanin (PDPN). Multiplexed fluorescence immunohistochemistry staining of PDPN, GFAP, CD68, and CD163 were performed in glioma tissue microarray. The impact of PDPN on macrophage immunosuppressive polarization was investigated using a co‐culture system. Bone marrow‐derived macrophages (BMDMs) and OT‐II T cells isolated from BALB/c and OT‐II mice respectively were co‐cultured to determine T‐cell adherence. Pathway alterations were probed through RNA sequencing and western blot analyses.ResultsOur findings demonstrated that PDPN is notably correlated with the expression of CD68 and CD163 in glioma tissues. Additionally, macrophages phagocytosing PDPN‐containing EVs (EVsPDPN) from GBM cells presented increased CD163 expression and augmented secretion of immunoregulatory cytokine (IL‐6, IL‐10, TNF‐α, and TGF‐β1). PDPN within EVs was also associated with enhanced phagocytic activity and reduced MHC II expression in macrophages, compromising CD4+ T‐cell activation.ConclusionsThis investigation underscores that EVsPDPN derived from glioblastoma cells contributes to M2 macrophage‐mediated immunosuppression and is a potential prognostic marker and therapeutic target in glioblastoma.
Hyperforin ameliorates neuroinflammation and white matter lesions by regulating microglial VEGFR2/SRC pathway in vascular cognitive impairment mice
Authors: Gao Xin , Chen Jingjing , Yin Ge , Liu Yanqun , Gu Zhengsheng , Sun Rui , Sun Xu , Jiao Xuehao , Wang Ling , Wang Nuo , Zhang Yanbo , Kan Yuting , Bi Xiaoying , Du Bingying 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimTo explore the neuroprotective potential of hyperforin and elucidate its underlying molecular mechanisms involved in its therapeutic effects against vascular cognitive impairment (VCI).MethodsThe active compounds and possible targets of Hypericum perforatum L. that may be effective against VCI were found by network pharmacology in this research. We utilized bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO) surgery to induce a VCI mouse model. Morris water maze (MWM) and Y‐maze tests were used to assess VCI mice's cognitive abilities following treatment with hyperforin. To evaluate white matter lesions (WMLs), we utilized Luxol fast blue (LFB) stain and immunofluorescence (IF). Neuroinflammation was assessed using IF, western blot (WB), and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The effects of hyperforin on microglia were investigated by subjecting the BV2 microglial cell line to oxygen–glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) stimulation. The expressions of VEGFR2, p‐SRC, SRC, VEGFA, and inflammatory markers including IL‐10, IL‐1β, TNF‐α, and IL‐6 were subsequently assessed.ResultsThe VEGFR2/SRC signaling pathway is essential for mediating the protective properties of hyperforin against VCI according to network pharmacology analysis. In vivo findings demonstrated that hyperforin effectively improved BCCAO‐induced cognitive impairment. Furthermore, staining results showed that hyperforin attenuated WMLs and reduced microglial activation in VCI mice. The hyperforin treatment group's ELISA results revealed a substantial decrease in IL‐1β, IL‐6, and TNF‐α levels. According to the results of in vitro experiments, hyperforin decreased the release of pro‐inflammatory mediators (TNF‐α, IL‐6, and IL‐1β) and blocked microglial M1‐polarization by modulating the VEGFR2/SRC signaling pathway.ConclusionHyperforin effectively modulated microglial M1 polarization and neuroinflammation by inhibiting the VEGFR2/SRC signaling pathways, thereby ameliorating WMLs and cognitive impairment in VCI mice.
CD4+CD11b+ T cells infiltrate and aggravate the traumatic brain injury depending on brain‐to‐cervical lymph node signaling
Authors: Jiang Weiwei , Liu Xuanhui , Chen Yupeng , Liu Mingqi , Yuan Jiangyuan , Nie Meng , Fan Yibing , Wu Di , Qian Yu , Sha Zhuang , Dong Shiying , Wu Chenrui , Liu Tao , Huang Jinhao , Zhang Jianning , Gao Chuang , Jiang Rongcai 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimWe aim to identify the specific CD4+ T‐cell subtype influenced by brain‐to‐CLN signaling and explore their role during the acute phase of traumatic brain injury (TBI).MethodCervical lymphadenectomy or cervical afferent lymphatic ligation was performed before TBI. Cytokine array and western blot were used to detect cytokines, while the motor function was assessed using mNss and rotarod test. CD4+ T‐cell subtypes in blood, brain, and CLNs were analyzed with Cytometry by time‐of‐flight analysis (CyTOF) or fluorescence‐activated cell sorting (FACS). Brain edema and volume changes were measured by 9.4T MRI. Neuronal apoptosis was evaluated by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase‐mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining.ResultsCervical lymphadenectomy and ligation of cervical lymphatic vessels resulted in a decreased infiltration of CD4+ T cells, specifically CD11b‐positive CD4+ T cells, within the affected region. The population of CD4+CD11b+ T cells increased in ligated CLNs, accompanied by a decrease in the average fluorescence intensity of sphingosine‐1‐phosphate receptor‐1 (S1PR1) on these cells. Administration of CD4+CD11b+ T cells sorted from CLNs into the lateral ventricle reversed the attenuated neurologic deficits, brain edema, and lesion volume following cervical lymphadenectomy.ConclusionThe infiltration of CD4+CD11b+ T cells exacerbates secondary brain damage in TBI, and this process is modulated by brain‐to‐CLN signaling.
Low energy contact X‐ray brachytherapy for treatment of rectal cancer: a health technology appraisal by Health Technology Wales
Authors: Bennett Hayley , Rao Christopher , Batten Leona , Hasler Elise , Jarrom David , Prettyjohns Matthew , Barrington Craig , Sun Myint Arthur 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimHealth Technology Wales sought to evaluate the clinical and cost‐effectiveness of contact X‐ray brachytherapy (CXB) for early‐stage rectal cancer.MethodsRelevant studies were identified through systematic searches of MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library and Scopus. A cost‐utility model was developed to estimate the cost‐effectiveness of CXB in National Health Service Wales, using results of the Organ Preservation in Early Rectal Adenocarcinoma (OPERA) trial. Patient perspectives were obtained through the Papillon Patient Support group and All‐Wales Cancer Network.ResultsThe OPERA randomized controlled trial showed that CXB improved complete response and organ preservation rates compared with external‐beam boost for people with T2–3b, N0–1, M0 rectal cancer who are fit for surgery. Managing more of this population non‐operatively after CXB was estimated to provide 0.2 quality‐adjusted life years at an additional cost of £887 per person. CXB was cost effective compared with external‐beam boost at a cost of £4463 per quality‐adjusted life year gained. This conclusion did not change in scenario analysis and CXB was cost effective in 91% of probabilistic sensitivity analyses. Patients valued receiving clear information on all available options to support their individual treatment choices. The detrimental impact of a stoma on quality of life led some patients to reject the idea that surgery was their only option.ConclusionThis evidence review and cost‐utility analysis indicates that CXB is likely to be clinically and cost effective, as part of a watch and wait strategy for adults fit for surgery. Wider access to CXB is supported by patient testimonies.
Anetoderma after disseminated Mpox
Authors: Grau‐Echevarría Andrés , Labrandero‐Hoyos Carolina , Peñuelas‐Leal Rodrigo , Finello Malena , Blaya‐Imbernón Daniel , García‐García José Ángel , Berenguer‐Romero María Dolores , de Miquel Víctor Alegre , Pérez‐Ferriols Amparo , Martínez‐Calabuig Pablo , Hernández‐Bel Pablo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAnetoderma or macular atrophy is a rare skin condition of unclear pathogenesis, often associated with autoimmune diseases and skin damage from various infections. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), syphilis, and poxviruses have been implicated in the development of anetoderma. A 37‐year‐old male patient with HIV and recent unprotected sexual encounters presented with more than 400 skin lesions, consistent with Mpox. Symptomatic treatment for Mpox resulted in acute symptom resolution. However, 8 months later he developed papular anetoderma lesions in areas previously affected by Mpox. Biopsy confirmed the loss of elastic fibers in the affected skin areas, leading to the diagnosis of Mpox‐induced anetoderma. This report presents a unique case of anetoderma following Mpox in an HIV‐positive patient.
An exploratory analysis of the cost‐effectiveness of insulin glargine 300 units/mL versus insulin glargine 100 units/mL over a lifetime horizon using the BRAVO diabetes model
Authors: Shao Hui , Shi Lizheng , Fonseca Vivian , Alsaleh Abdul Jabbar Omar , Gill Jasvinder , Nicholls Charlie 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundThis analysis assessed the cost‐effectiveness of insulin glargine 300 units/mL (Gla‐300) versus insulin glargine 100 units/mL (Gla‐100) in insulin‐naïve adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) inadequately controlled with oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs).MethodsCosts and outcomes for Gla‐300 versus Gla‐100 from a US healthcare payer perspective were assessed using the BRAVO diabetes model. Baseline clinical data were derived from EDITION‐3, a 12‐month randomized controlled trial comparing Gla‐300 with Gla‐100 in insulin‐naïve adults with inadequately controlled T2D on OADs. Treatment costs were calculated based on doses observed in EDITION‐3 and 2020 US net prices, while costs for complications were based on published literature. Lifetime costs ($US) and quality‐adjusted life‐years (QALYs) were predicted and used to calculate incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio (ICER) estimates; extensive scenario and sensitivity analyses were conducted.ResultsLifetime medical costs were estimated to be $353,441 and $352,858 for individuals receiving Gla‐300 and Gla‐100 respectively; insulin costs were $52,613 and $50,818. Gla‐300 was associated with a gain of 8.97 QALYs and 21.12 life‐years, while Gla‐100 was associated with a gain of 8.89 QALYs and 21.07 life‐years. This resulted in an ICER of $7522/QALY gained for Gla‐300 versus Gla‐100. Thus, Gla‐300 was cost‐effective versus Gla‐100 based on a willingness‐to‐pay threshold of $50,000/QALY. Compared with Gla‐100, Gla‐300 provided a net monetary benefit of $3290. Scenario and sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the base case.ConclusionGla‐300 may be a cost‐effective treatment option versus Gla‐100 over a lifetime horizon for insulin‐naïve people in the United States with T2D inadequately controlled on OADs.
The association between previous use of anti‐obesity medication and semaglutide weight loss outcomes
Authors: Ghusn Wissam , Fansa Sima , Anazco Diego , Tama Elif , Cifuentes Lizeth , Gala Khushboo , De La Rosa Alan , Sacoto Daniel , Campos Alejandro , Feris Fauzi , Hurtado Daniela , Acosta Andres 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimsTo compare weight loss outcomes between patients starting semaglutide who had previously been on another anti‐obesity medication (AOM) compared to those who were AOM‐naïve.Materials and MethodsWe performed a retrospective study in patients with overweight or obesity taking semaglutide for weight loss for a duration of 3 to 12 months. Our primary endpoint was assessment of percentage of total body weight loss (TBWL) in patients who started semaglutide as their first AOM (AOM‐naïve) compared to those who started semaglutide and had previously taken another AOM (non‐AOM‐naïve). The secondary outcome was a comparison of the proportions of patients achieving ≥5%, ≥10%, ≥15% and ≥20% TBWL between the groups. Our endpoints were analysed using independent t‐tests and ANOVA/ANCOVA for continuous variables and Pearson's test for categorical variables.ResultsThis study included 305 patients. Outcomes of semaglutide treatment were superior in AOM‐naïve patients (n = 231) compared to non‐AOM‐naïve patients (n = 74) at 3 (6.3% vs. 3.8%), 6 (10.6% vs. 6.7%), 9 (14.0% vs. 9.1%) and 12 months (14.3% vs. 10.6%; p < 0.0001 at 3, 6 and 9 months, and p = 0.01 at 12 months). A greater proportion of patients in the AOM‐naïve group achieved a TBWL ≥ 15% (48% vs 21%; p = 0.02) and ≥20% (27% vs 4% p < 0.01) at 12 months.ConclusionThe use of semaglutide in patients with previous intake of other AOMs was associated with inferior weight loss outcomes in comparison to patients who were AOM‐naïve.
Comprehensive phenotypes of patients with SYNGAP1‐related disorder reveals high rates of epilepsy and autism
Authors: Wiltrout Kimberly , Brimble Elise , Poduri Annapurna 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo delineate the comprehensive phenotypic spectrum of SYNGAP1‐related disorder in a large patient cohort aggregated through a digital registry.MethodsWe obtained de‐identified patient data from an online registry. Data were extracted from uploaded medical records. We reclassified all SYNGAP1 variants using American College of Medical Genetics criteria and included patients with pathogenic/likely pathogenic (P/LP) single nucleotide variants or microdeletions incorporating SYNGAP1. We analyzed neurodevelopmental phenotypes, including epilepsy, intellectual disability (ID), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), behavioral disorders, and gait dysfunction for all patients with respect to variant type and location within the SynGAP1 protein.ResultsWe identified 147 patients (50% male, median age 8 years) with P/LP SYNGAP1 variants from 151 individuals with data available through the database. One hundred nine were truncating variants and 22 were missense. All patients were diagnosed with global developmental delay (GDD) and/or ID, and 123 patients (84%) were diagnosed with epilepsy. Of those with epilepsy, 73% of patients had GDD diagnosed before epilepsy was diagnosed. Other prominent features included autistic traits (n = 100, 68%), behavioral problems (n = 100, 68%), sleep problems (n = 90, 61%), anxiety (n = 35, 24%), ataxia or abnormal gait (n = 69, 47%), sensory problems (n = 32, 22%), and feeding difficulties (n = 69, 47%). Behavioral problems were more likely in those patients diagnosed with anxiety (odds ratio [OR] 3.6, p = .014) and sleep problems (OR 2.41, p = .015) but not necessarily those with autistic traits. Patients with variants in exons 1–4 were more likely to have the ability to speak in phrases vs those with variants in exons 5–19, and epilepsy occurred less frequently in patients with variants in the SH3 binding motif.SignificanceWe demonstrate that the data obtained from a digital registry recapitulate earlier but smaller studies of SYNGAP1‐related disorder and add additional genotype–phenotype relationships, validating the use of the digital registry. Access to data through digital registries broadens the possibilities for efficient data collection in rare diseases.
Bond return predictability: Macro factors and machine learning methods
Authors: Jiang Ying , Liu Xiaoquan , Liu Yirong , Zhu Fumin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe investigate the impact of macroeconomic variables on bond risk premia prediction via machine learning techniques. On the basis of Chinese treasury bonds from March 2006 to December 2022, we show that adding macroeconomic factors improves bond return forecasts and generates higher economic benefits to investors. This is achieved when the nonlinear relationship between macroeconomic variables and bond returns is modelled via machine learning methods. Furthermore, the importance of macroeconomic determinants changes along the yield curve. Our study sheds new light on the information contained in macroeconomic variables for treasury bond valuation and highlights the importance of utilizing appropriate machine learning methods.
An improved particle swarm optimization algorithm for scheduling tasks in cloud environment
Authors: Wang Zi‐Ren , Hu Xiao‐Xiang , Wei Peng , Yuan Bo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCloud computing provide services dynamically according to the contract between service providers and users. However, Inappropriateness of scheduling task on VMs can lead huge resource waste and load unbalance, which becomes a seriously challenging problem. Current Swarm intelligence algorithms like genetic algorithm (GA), particle swarm optimization (PSO) are combination of random initialization and local search algorithm. It avoids inconsistent results for different problem instances. However, existing Swarm intelligence works sometimes search the optima without analysing task scheduling situations comprehensively, global search efficiency is low and convergence is too early. In this paper, we propose SNSK‐IPSO algorithm, which develops as a two‐phases algorithm: enumerating all distributed solutions between VMs and tasks, finding the optimal solution through IPSO. It not only minimizes the execution time, but also improves resource utilization and load balance. Several experiments demonstrate that our novel algorithm outperforms others in terms of achieving load balance, higher resource utilization and lower execution times.
Adaptation and validation of the academic motivation scale for higher education across four Eastern European countries
Authors: Kočvarová Ilona , Kalenda Jan , Vaculíková Jitka , Neupauer Zuzana , Černak Ruženka Šimonji , Włoch Anna 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe article focuses on adaptation and validation of the Academic Motivation Scale questionnaire (AMS‐28) in higher education in four Eastern European countries: Czechia, Slovakia, Serbia, and Poland. The research was conducted with a total of 1711 respondents. We examined the construct validity of AMS‐28 including measurement invariance and reliability according to national, gender and age groups. Our analysis confirmed its original seven‐factor structure as well as its reliability. The tool is measurement invariant across all compared groups (gender, age, countries) except Poland, whose results are specific. The results identify new places on the world map where AMS‐28 is functional. The tool appears functional in time, space and various language mutations. Despite satisfactory results, there is still room for future examination of the AMS‐28 among different countries. In practice, the tool has a wide range of application possibilities.
The crisis of peer review: Part of the evolution of science
Authors: Horta Hugo , Jung Jisun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPeer review in journals is in crisis, and its current situation and sustainability are increasingly concerning for academics and scientific communities. We identify this crisis as part of an evolutionary step in the continuous development of science, arguing that peer review maintains a central role. We analyse the emergence and historical development of peer review, identifying its role as crucial to the legitimisation of global science, particularly in guaranteeing quality control in the scientific process of massification—despite its flaws. We then focus on the crisis as part of the recent second wave of massification stemming from ‘publish or perish’ dynamics, which overburden those involved in peer review management and activities. Based on this crisis and given that the alternative models to peer review rely on the same core ideals, we argue that the current scenario represents a golden opportunity for the peer‐review process to adapt by correcting some of its known biases, becoming more inclusive and relevant, and gaining recognition for its crucial role in career progression and in the training of the researchers of tomorrow.
Correlation of TBX21 gene polymorphisms with ankylosing spondylitis in a Chinese population
Authors: Li Lin , Shan Jiankang , Fang Haixin , An Guangqi , Zhang Min , Zhou Pengyi , Xie Kunpeng , Jin Bo , Zhu Haiyan , Jin Xuemin , Yang Peizeng , Du Liping 
Published: March 2024

AbstractGenome‐wide association studies analysis has revealed associations between ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and loci on the TBX21 gene across various populations. This study aimed to investigate if there is a connection between a higher risk of AS in a Chinese population and two polymorphism loci on the TBX21 gene. To achieve this, we performed a case–control investigation involving 363 patients with AS and 907 healthy individuals. Genotyping was carried out using the iPLEX Gold genotyping assay. The analysis of genotypes and haplotypes was performed using SPSS 23.0 and SHEsis software. The results revealed no statistically significant correlation between the two specified single‐nucleotide polymorphisms of TBX21 (rs11657479 C/T and rs4794067 C/T) and susceptibility to AS. However, upon conducting stratification analysis, our findings demonstrated a significant association between rs11657479 and susceptibility to human leucocyte antigen (HLA)‐B27+ AS in allelic (C vs. T: odds ratio [OR] = 1.52, 95%CI = 1.09–2.11, corrected p [pc] = .028), heterozygous (CT vs. TT: OR = 1.63, 95%CI = 1.13–2.34, pc = .016) and dominant (CT + CC vs. TT: OR = 1.60, 95%CI = 1.12–2.28, pc = .018) models. Furthermore, the haplotype rs4794067/C‐rs11657479/C of TBX21 was found to increase the risk of HLA‐B27+ AS cases. In conclusion, our findings indicate a correlation between TBX21 gene polymorphism and HLA‐B27+ AS patients within the Chinese population.