bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Texture analysis for tissue discrimination on T1‐weighted MR images of the knee joint in a multicenter study: Transferability of texture features and comparison of feature selection methods and classifiers
Authors: Mayerhoefer Marius E. , Breitenseher Martin J. , Kramer Josef , Aigner Nicolas , Hofmann Siegfried , Materka Andrzej 
Published: October 2005

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the reproducibility and transferability of texture features between MR centers, and to compare two feature selection methods and two classifiers.Materials and MethodsCoronal T1‐weighted MR images of the knees of 63 patients, divided into three groups, were included in the study. MR images were obtained at three different MR centers. Regions of interest (ROIs) were drawn in the bone marrow and fat tissue. Then texture analysis (TA) of the ROIs was performed, and the most discriminant features were identified using Fisher coefficients and POE+ACC (probability of classification error and average correlation coefficients). Based on these features, artificial neural network (ANN) and k‐nearest‐neighbor (k‐NN) classifiers were used for tissue discrimination.ResultsAlthough the texture features differed among the MR centers, features from one center could be successfully used for tissue discrimination in texture data on MR images from other centers. The best results were achieved using the ANN classifier in combination with features selected by POE+ACC.ConclusionThe differences in texture features extracted from MR images from different centers seem to have only a small impact on the results of tissue discrimination. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Implications of pulse sequence in structural imaging of trabecular bone
Authors: Techawiboonwong Aranee , Song Hee Kwon , Magland Jeremy F. , Saha Punam K. , Wehrli Felix W. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the SNR and image properties of 3D steady‐state free precession (SSFP), fast large‐angle spin echo (FLASE), gradient‐recalled acquisition in steady state (GRASS), and spoiled GRASS (SPGR) for structural imaging of trabecular bone (TB).Materials and MethodsSNR was examined theoretically and experimentally on phantoms, bone specimens, and in vivo. The bone volume fraction, TB thickness, and echo time (TE) dependence of the thickness were compared. The trabecula was modeled as a cylinder in simulations to examine the intravoxel spin‐dephasing in SSFP and GRASS. Images were acquired on a 1.5T Siemens Sonata system (40 mT/m maximum gradient, 200 T/m/s peak slew rate).ResultsWithin the hardware and safety limit constraints, SNR of FLASE was superior, followed by SSFP, GRASS, and SPGR. The trabecular thickness derived from gradient‐echo images was 10–45% greater than that obtained with FLASE. Conversely, SSFP images delineated partial volume trabeculae better than FLASE. Simulations indicated that the artifactual thickening was more severe in SSFP than in GRASS, which was attributed to off‐resonance effects from the induced gradients at the bone/marrow interface.ConclusionFLASE had the highest SNR and was insensitive to susceptibility dephasing. Although SSFP has superior SNR compared to GRASS, off‐resonance effects and duty cycle limitations may compromise its practicality in this application. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Extrathoracic solitary fibrous tumor of the pelvic peritoneum with central malignant degeneration on CT and MRI
Authors: Vossough Arastoo , Torigian Drew A. , Zhang Paul J. , Siegelman Evan S. , Banner Marc P. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractWe describe a 61‐year‐old man who presented with an extrathoracic solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) of the pelvic peritoneum with central malignant degeneration as seen on computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and histopathology. When a central focus of heterogeneity and variable contrast enhancement are identified within a fibrous tumor of the pelvis on CT or MRI, malignant degeneration of an extrathoracic SFT, although rare, should be considered as a diagnostic possibility. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Application of 3D‐MR image registration to monitor diseases around the knee joint
Authors: Takao Masaki , Sugano Nobuhiko , Nishii Takashi , Miki Hidenobu , Koyama Tsuyoshi , Masumoto Jun , Sato Yoshinobu , Tamura Shinichi , Yoshikawa Hideki 
Published: October 2005

AbstractPurposeTo estimate the accuracy and consistency of a method using a voxel‐based MR image registration algorithm for precise monitoring of knee joint diseases.Materials and MethodsRigid body transformation was calculated using a normalized cross‐correlation (NCC) algorithm involving simple manual segmentation of the bone region based on its anatomical features. The accuracy of registration was evaluated using four phantoms, followed by a consistency test using MR data from the 11 patients with knee joint disease.ResultsThe registration accuracy in the phantom experiment was 0.49 ± 0.19 mm (SD) for the femur and 0.56 ± 0.21 mm (SD) for the tibia. The consistency value in the experiment using clinical data was 0.69 ± 0.25 mm (SD) for the femur and 0.77 ± 0.37 mm (SD) for the tibia. These values were all smaller than a voxel (1.25 × 1.25 × 1.5 mm).ConclusionThe present method based on an NCC algorithm can be used to register serial MR images of the knee joint with error on the order of a subvoxel. This method would be useful for precisely assessing therapeutic response and monitoring knee joint diseases; normalized cross‐correlation; accuracy J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Transformational leadership and emotional intelligence: a potential pathway for an increased understanding of interpersonal influence
Authors: Brown F. William , Moshavi Dan 
Published: October 2005

AbstractNon‐cognitive emotional intelligence could potentially contribute to a more holistic understanding of interpersonal influence and leadership; however, significant issues of definition, psychometric independence, and measurement must be conclusively resolved. Possible relationships between emotional intelligence, transformational leadership, and individual/organizational outcomes are described and further investigation is encouraged. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Managing the career deal: the psychological contract as a framework for understanding career management, organizational commitment and work behavior
Authors: Sturges Jane , Conway Neil , Guest David , Liefooghe Andreas 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThis paper reports the findings of a study that investigated the relationship between different kinds of career management activities, the psychological contract, and outcomes of psychological contract fulfillment. The study tested a series of linked hypotheses which propose that individual career management behavior is associated with the experience of organizational career management help, which is related to fulfillment of the psychological contract. Fulfillment of the psychological contract in turn is linked to organizational commitment and is associated with behaviors at work, including absenteeism, turnover, and independent ratings of job performance. The findings provide some support for these proposed links. As a result, the paper makes four contributions to the psychological contract and careers literature: first, it shows that both individual and organizational career management behaviors are linked to psychological contract fulfillment; second, organizational career management help is associated with affective commitment and job performance; third, psychological contract fulfillment plays a key role in mediating the relationship between career management help and such attitudes and behaviors; and fourth, organizational commitment may mediate between psychological contract fulfillment and individual career management behavior aimed at furthering the career outside the organization. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Changing attitudes about change: longitudinal effects of transformational leader behavior on employee cynicism about organizational change
Authors: Bommer William H. , Rich Gregory A. , Rubin Robert S. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractUsing longitudinal data collected in two waves, nine months apart, from 372 employees, this research is an empirical assessment of individual‐level change within an organizational setting. Specifically, strategies used by change implementers were operationalized as six transformational leader behaviors, and then hypothesized to influence employees' cynicism about organizational change (CAOC). A combination of social learning theory, and communication research served as the theoretical rationale to explain transformational leadership's hypothesized effects. As posited, transformational leader behaviors (TLB) generally were associated with lower employee CAOC. Further, the direction of causality was consistent in suggesting that the TLB reduced employee CAOC. A discussion concerning the ethical use of TLBs and recommendations for future research are provided. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of GDF‐5 on ligament healing
Authors: Tashiro Toshiyuki , Hiraoka Hisatada , Ikeda Yasuko , Ohnuki Toshiyuki , Suzuki Ryuji , Ochi Takahiro , Nakamura Kozo , Fukui Naoshi 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThe effects of growth and differentiation factor‐5 (GDF‐5) on ligament healing were studied using a gap injury model of the medial collateral ligament in rat knee joints. The administration of GDF‐5 once at the time of surgery significantly improved the mechanical properties of the femur–ligament–tibia complex. At 3 weeks after surgery, 30 µg of GDF‐5 improved the ultimate tensile strength of the complex by 41%, and the stiffness by 60%, compared with the vehicle control (p < 0.05 for both; Fisher's PLSD test). The observation with a transmission electron microscopy revealed that GDF‐5 increased the diameter of collagen fibrils in the repair tissue, which was considered to be a possible mechanism for the positive result in the biomechanical testing. Quantitative PCR and in situ hybridization revealed enhanced type I procollagen expression by GDF‐5, and the PCR analysis also revealed that the GDF‐5 treatment reduced the expression of type III procollagen relative to type I procollagen. The PCR analysis further showed that the expression of decorin and fibromodulin was relatively reduced against type I procollagen by the growth factor, which was considered to be responsible for the increase of collagen fibril diameter in the repair tissue. No adverse effects were observed, and the use of GDF‐5 was considered a promising approach to facilitate ligament healing. © 2005 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res
Intracellular Staphylococcus aureus and antibiotic resistance: Implications for treatment of staphylococcal osteomyelitis
Authors: Ellington J. Kent , Harris Mitchel , Hudson Michael C. , Vishin Sonia , Webb Lawrence X. , Sherertz Robert 
Published: October 2005

AbstractStaphylococcus aureus is responsible for 80% of human osteomyelitis. It can invade and persist within osteoblasts. Antibiotic resistant strains of S. aureus make successful treatment of osteomyelitis difficult. Null Hypothesis: antibiotic sensitivities of S. aureus do not change after exposure to the osteoblast intracellular environment. Human and mouse osteoblast cultures were infected and S. aureus cells were allowed to invade. Following times 0, 12, 24, and 48 h ( ± the addition of erythromycin, clindamycin, and rifampin at times 0 or 12 h), the osteoblasts were lysed and intracellular bacteria enumerated. Transmission electron microscopy was performed on extracellular and intracellular S. aureus cells. In mouse osteoblasts, administration of bacteriostatic antibiotics at time 0 prevented the increase in intracellular S. aureus. If the antibiotics were delayed 12 h, this did not occur. When rifampin (bactericidal) was introduced at time 0 to human and mouse osteoblasts, there was a significant decrease in number of intracellular S. aureus within osteoblasts compared to control. If rifampin was delayed 12 h, this did not occur. Significant time‐dependent S. aureus structural changes were observed after exposure to the osteoblast intracellular environment. These studies demonstrate that once S. aureus is established intracellularly for 12 h, the bacteria are less sensitive to antibiotics capable of eukaryotic cell penetration (statistically significant). These antibiotic sensitivity changes could be due in part to the observed structural changes. This leads to the rejection of our null hypotheses that the antibiotic sensitivities of S. aureus are unaltered by their location. © 2005 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res
Nonadherent cell population of human marrow culture is a complementary source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)
Authors: Wan Chao , He Qiling , McCaigue Mervyn , Marsh David , Li Gang 
Published: October 2005

AbstractTo obtain enough quantity of osteogenic cells is a challenge for successful cell therapy in bone defect treatment, and cell numbers were usually achieved by culturing bone marrow cells in a relatively long duration. This study reports a simple and cost‐effective method to enhance the number of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) by collecting and replating the nonadherent cell population of marrow MSCs culture. Bone marrow MSCs were isolated from 11 patients, cultured at a density of 1 × 105/cm2 to 1 × 106/cm2 in flasks. For the first three times of media change, the floating cells were centrifuged and replated in separate flasks. The total number of cells in both the primary and replating flasks were counted at day 21. Cell proliferation rate, potentials for osteogenic, chondrognenic, and adipogenic differentiation were examined in both cell types in vitro. In vivo osteogenic potentials of the cells were also tested in mice implantation model. The results showed that MSCs derived from nonadherent cell population of marrow cell cultures have similar cell proliferation and differentiation potentials as the originally attached MSCs in vitro. When implanted with hydroxyapatite/tricalcium phosphate (HA‐TCP) materials subcutaneously in serve combined immune deficiency (SCID) mice, newly formed bony tissues were found in both cell type groups with osteocalcin expression. We have obtained 36.6% (20.70%–44.97%) more MSCs in the same culture period when the nonadherent cell populations were collected. The findings confirmed that the nonadherent cell population in the bone marrow culture is a complementary source of MSCs, collecting these cells is a simple and cost‐effective way to increase MSCs numbers and reduce the time required for culturing MSCs for clinical applications. © 2005 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res
Spinocerebellar ataxia associated with a mutation in the fibroblast growth factor 14 gene (SCA27): A new phenotype
Authors: Brusse Esther , de Koning Inge , Maat‐Kievit Anneke , Oostra Ben A. , Heutink Peter , van Swieten John C. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractAutosomal dominant cerebellar ataxias (ADCAs) are genetically classified into spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs). We describe 14 patients of a Dutch pedigree displaying a distinct SCA‐phenotype (SCA27) associated with a F145S mutation in the fibroblast growth factor 14 (FGF14) gene on chromosome 13q34. The patients showed a childhood‐onset postural tremor and a slowly progressive ataxia evolving from young adulthood. Dyskinesia was often present, suggesting basal ganglia involvement, which was supported by functional imaging in 1 patient. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain showed only moderate cerebellar atrophy in the 2 eldest patients. Neuropsychological testing indicated low IQ and deficits in memory and executive functioning. Behavioral problems were also observed. Further investigations will have to determine the role of FGF14 in the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration and the frequency of this FGF14 mutation in SCA. © 2005 Movement Disorder Society
Economic burden associated with Parkinson's disease on elderly Medicare beneficiaries
Authors: Noyes Katia , Liu Hangsheng , Li Yue , Holloway Robert , Dick Andrew W. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractWe evaluated medical utilization and economic burden of self‐reported Parkinson's disease (PD) on patients and society. Using the 1992–2000 Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey, we compared health care utilization and expenditures (in 2002 U.S. dollars) of Medicare subscribers with and without PD, adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics and comorbidities. PD patients used significantly more health care services of all categories and paid significantly more out of pocket for their medical services than other elderly (mean ± SE, $5,532 ± $329 vs. $2,187 ± $38; P < 0.001). After adjusting for other factors, PD patients had higher annual health care expenses than beneficiaries without PD ($18,528 vs. $10,818; P < 0.001). PD patients were more likely to use medical care (OR = 3.77; 95% CI = 1.44–9.88), in particular for long‐term care (OR = 3.80; 95% CI = 3.02–4.79) and home health care (OR = 2.08; 95% CI = 1.76–2.46). PD is associated with a significant economic burden to patients and society. Although more research is needed to understand the relationship between PD and medical expenditures and utilization, these findings have important implications for health care providers and payers that serve PD populations. © 2005 Movement Disorder Society
Prevalence and clinical characteristics of restless legs syndrome in Japanese patients with Parkinson's disease
Authors: Nomura Takashi , Inoue Yuichi , Miyake Masahiro , Yasui Kenichi , Nakashima Kenji 
Published: October 2005

AbstractTo explore the clinical significance of restless legs syndrome (RLS) in Parkinson's disease (PD) and the causal relationship between these two disorders, we made a comparison of both the prevalence of RLS and the severity of sleep disturbance manifested on the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) between patients with PD (n = 165) and age‐ and sex‐matched control subjects (n = 131). The prevalence of RLS diagnosed by clinical interview was significantly higher in PD patients than in control subjects (12% vs. 2.3%). PSQI score was significantly higher in PD patients with RLS than in both patients without RLS and controls. However, PSQI score was not statistically different between the latter two groups. Among the PD patients with RLS, only 2 had a positive family history of RLS. Only 3 PD patients had requested treatment for the disorder. Our results emphasize the etiological link between RLS and PD in a Japanese cohort, and the existence of RLS is thought to be one of the most important factors aggravating sleep disturbance in PD, despite the low RLS severity. © 2005 Movement Disorder Society
Functional correlates of mild parkinsonian signs in the community‐dwelling elderly: Poor balance and inability to ambulate independently
Authors: Louis Elan D. , Schupf Nicole , Marder Karen , Tang Ming X. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractMild tremor, rigidity, and bradykinesia (mild parkinsonian signs, MPS) are commonly detected during the clinical examination of elderly people without known neurological disease. The functional correlates of these incidental findings are not well understood. Balance and ability to ambulate independently are important functions in the elderly. The objective of this study is to examine whether MPS were associated with impaired balance. Balance was assessed using a subjective measure (complaint of poor balance) and a functional measure (the need to use a walker, cane, or wheelchair). Our methods included the neurological evaluation of nondemented older people in Washington Heights–Inwood, NY. Of 2,251 participants, 527 (23.4%) complained of poor balance; 538 (23.9%) required a cane, walker, or wheelchair; and 363 (16.1%) had MPS. In adjusted logistic regression analyses, MPS were associated with a complaint of poor balance (OR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.1–2.0) and the need to use a cane, walker, or wheelchair (OR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.4–2.6). The need to use a cane, walker, or wheelchair was associated with changes in axial function (OR = 5.5, 95% CI = 2.6–11.6) as well as rigidity (OR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.07–2.2). Although they are incidental and subtle, signs of bradykinesia, rigidity, and tremor are associated with impaired function. The elderly in whom these signs have been detected are 50% more likely to complain of poor balance and 90% more likely to require a cane, walker, or wheelchair than are their counterparts without these signs. © 2005 Movement Disorder Society
Huntington's disease patients have selective problems with insight
Authors: Ho Aileen K. , Robbins Anna O.G. , Barker Roger A. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThe objective of this study was to determine insight in patients with Huntington's disease (HD) by contrasting patients' ability to rate their own behavior with their ability to rate a person other than themselves. HD patients and carers completed the Dysexecutive Questionnaire (DEX), rating themselves and each other at two time points. The temporal stability of these ratings was initially examined using these two time points since there is no published test–retest reliability of the DEX with this population to date. This was followed by a comparison of patients' self‐ratings and carer's independent ratings of patients by performing correlations with patients' disease variables, and an exploratory factor analysis was conducted on both sets of ratings. The DEX showed good test–retest reliability, with patients consistently and persistently underestimating the degree of their dysexecutive behavior, but not that of their carers. Patients' self‐ratings and carers' ratings of patients both showed that dysexecutive behavior in HD can be fractionated into three underlying components (Cognition, Self‐regulation, Insight), and the relative ranking of these factors was similar for both data sets. HD patients consistently underestimated the extent of only their own dysexecutive behaviors relative to carers' ratings by 26%, but were similar in ascribing ranks to the components of dysexecutive behavior. © 2005 Movement Disorder Society
Mechanisms of tissue–iron relaxivity: Nuclear magnetic resonance studies of human liver biopsy specimens
Authors: Ghugre Nilesh R. , Coates Thomas D. , Nelson Marvin D. , Wood John C. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractMRI is becoming an increasingly important tool to assess iron overload disorders, but the complex nature of proton–iron interactions has troubled noninvasive iron quantification. Intersite and intersequence variability as well as methodological inaccuracies have been limiting factors to its widespread clinical use. It is important to understand the underlying proton relaxation mechanisms within the (human) tissue environment to address these differences. In this respect, NMR relaxometry was performed on 10 fresh human liver biopsy specimens taken from patients with transfusion‐dependent anemia. T1 (1/R1) inversion recovery, T2 (1/R2) single echo, and multiecho T2 CPMG measurements were performed on a 60‐MHz Bruker Minispectrometer. NMR parameters were compared to quantitative iron levels and tissue histology. Relaxivities R1 and R2 both increased linearly with hepatic iron content, with R2 being more sensitive to iron. CPMG data were well described by a chemical‐exchange model and predicted effective iron center dimensions consistent with hemosiderin‐filled lysosomes. Nonexponential relaxation was evident at short refocusing intervals with R2 and amplitude behavior suggestive of magnetic susceptibility‐based compartmentalization rather than anatomic subdivisions. NMR relaxometry of human liver biopsy specimens yields unique insights into the mechanisms of tissue–iron relaxivity. Magn Reson Med, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.