bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oral health risks in users of new generation nicotine/tobacco products (NGPs): Systematic review and qualitative meta-analyses
Authors: Scherer Gerhard , Pluym Nikola , Scherer Max 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background Use of traditional tobacco products, including combustible cigarettes (CCs) and smokeless oral products, is an established risk factor for various oral diseases. A potential oral health risk of using new generation tobacco/nicotine products (NGPs) such as electronic cigarettes (ECs), heated tobacco products (HTPs) and oral nicotine pouches (ONPs) is not yet well established. Methods In this systematic review, we evaluated published human studies on detrimental oral health effects in NGP users compared to CC smokers and non-users (NU). We identified 52 studies, of which almost all investigations were on EC users. The studies were extremely heterogeneous in terms of design, subjects, endpoints and quality. Reported outcomes, based on both single and grouped endpoints were qualitatively evaluated by comparing NGP users with NU and CC users. Significant increases (indicating a worsening in oral health), significant decreases (indicating an improvement) and no significant difference between groups were assigned scores of + 1, -1 and 0, respectively. Results With this approach, comparisons of ECversusNU yielded mean scores of 0.29 (pre-cancerous lesions, N = 14 observations), 0.27 (inflammatory processes, N = 83), 0.43 (oral clinical parameters, N = 93) and 0.70 (shifts in the oral microbiome, N = 10). The corresponding values for the EC versus CC comparisons amounted to: -0.33 (N = 15), -0.14 (N = 76), -0.27 (N = 78) and 0.57 (N = 7). Most of the evaluated studies have severe limitations in terms of group sizes, duration of NGP use and validity of self-reported exclusive NGP use. In particular, any dual use (EC + CC) was mostly not adequately taken into account. Conclusions The evaluated studies suggest that use of ECs is associated with some improvement of oral health effects compared to cigarette smoking (CC), but oral health is still found to be worse compared to NU. These results have to be interpreted with caution due to a number of limitations and uncertainties in the underlying studies.
Solar Power Based Electric Vehicle DC Fast Charging Station Performance Improved by Using the Salp Swarm Algorithm
Authors: Govindaraju Vijaya Gowri , Brammadevan Anusiya 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The utilization of electric vehicles has rapidly increased due to their advantages for the environment and the economy. The hybrid-source charging system, which includes grid connectivity and solar power, was designed to encourage the charging of electric vehicles. EVs take longer to recharge because they use rechargeable batteries. The present system lacks self-regulation and hence cannot be more successful. It is impossible to change the system constant without also changing the system parameters to achieve a certain goal, such as reducing process time and increasing efficiency. Depending on the Slap Swarm Algorithm, the proposed study employs a self-regulating PID controller to optimize the efficiency of EV charging stations. The SSA technique makes it possible to fast charge EV batteries. MPPT can help EV Fast Charging Stations become more sustainable and cost less to operate by lowering their reliance on the traditional grid. The dc-dc converter regulates the voltage which is fed to the battery of an electric vehicle during the charging procedure. This prevents overcharging and undercharging, extending the battery's life and improving charging efficiency. Depending on the temperature, battery status, and other parameters, the charging station can regulate the duty cycle to change the amount of current flowing into the battery. The primary advantage of the suggested method over other conventional ways is that it reduces billing costs and charge time. This strategy not only improves recharging efficiency, but it also helps to shape the development of smart and dynamic energy networks, promoting a more sustainable and practical electric vehicle ecosystem. MATLAB software is employed to validate the results.
Drug Repurposing Using FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS)
Database
Authors: Morris Robert , Ali Rahinatu , Cheng Feng 
Published: April 2024

Abstract:
Drug repurposing is an emerging approach to reassigning existing pre-approved therapies
for new indications. The FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) is a large database
of over 28 million adverse event reports submitted by medical providers, patients, and drug manufacturers
and provides extensive drug safety signal data. In this review, four common drug repurposing
strategies using FAERS are described, including inverse signal detection for a single disease,
drug-drug interactions that mitigate a target ADE, identifying drug-ADE pairs with opposing
gene perturbation signatures and identifying drug-drug pairs with congruent gene perturbation signatures.
The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of these different approaches using
existing successful applications in the literature. With the fast expansion of adverse drug event reports,
FAERS-based drug repurposing represents a promising strategy for discovering new uses
for existing therapies.
Pharmacogenetic Basis of Response Fluctuations to Methotrexate in
Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Narrative Review
Authors: Qaisrani Mehwish Nawaz , Farhat Kulsoom , Noor Mudassir 
Published: April 2024

Abstract::
Rheumatoid arthritis is a crippling autoimmune disease affecting more than 18 million
people worldwide and thus becoming one of the important contributors to the global health burden.
The majority of the affected are females, especially those above the age of 50, but males and
younger adults are equally vulnerable. It is a constellation of genetic and environmental factors
that interplay to manifest the joint deformities and disabilities that are the hallmarks of this disease.
Painkillers are used alongside disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs to minimize the patient’s
agony and also to halt the progression of the disease. Worldwide, methotrexate is recommended
as the first-line drug, but unexpected resistance is encountered in a significant number of
patients. This review summarizes the pathophysiology, clinical findings, and therapeutic strategies
for rheumatoid with a focus on research studies performed to establish a genetic basis for response
fluctuations of methotrexate across different population groups.
Eucalyptus globulus Labill. Essential Oil Effect on the Attachment of Oral Bacteria to Hydroxyapatite and Biofilm Formation
Authors: Hardou-Belhocine Kahina , Brahmi Fatiha , Grenier Daniel , Mouhoubi Khokha , Madani Khodir , Boulekbache-Makhlouf Lila 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Periodontal disease and dental caries are two oral illnesses that are significantly
influenced by microorganisms, hence the usefulness of finding natural substances to
inhibit them.

Objective:
This study aimed to assess the Eucalyptus globulus Labill. leaf and fruit essential oils
effect against Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans,
Porphyromonas gingivalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Candida albicans to study
their anticariogenic and antiperiodonto pathogenic activities.

Methods:
These activities were evaluated according to the determination of minimum inhibitory
concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), anti-biofilm effects, and
the impact on the adhesion to hydroxyapatite, a main component of the tooth.

Results:
Both leaf and fruit essential oils showed strong antibacterial activity against anaerobic
bacteria: F. nucleatum (MIC of 0.012 %) and P. gingivalis (MIC of 0.025 %). Anticarcinogenic
activity also showed MIC values of 0.06 % against S. mutans and, 0.5 % against S. sobrinus, and
appropriate antifungal activity against C. albicans. It is interesting to note that both oils showed a
significant inhibitory property to biofilm formation by the different studied species and significantly
reduced the adhesion capacity of S. mutans and S. sobrinus to the hydroxyapatite surface at
very low concentrations of 0.12 and 0.5 % for S. mutans and S. sobrinus, respectively.

Conclusion:
These results highlight the strong potential of E. globulus essential oils as antimicrobial
and antibiofilm agents, as well as their ability to inhibit bacterial adhesion, which is promising
for the prevention of dental caries and plaque. This implies that E. globulus may be a new
alternative source of substances of medicinal interest that can be used in the pharmaceutical industry
to produce antimicrobial agents against dental caries and oral infectious diseases
Bioinformatic Analysis and Experimental Validation of HMGA2-AS1 as a Prognostic Biomarker Associated with Immune Infiltration in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Lyu Guizhen 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Natural antisense long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have the ability to modulate the expression
of their corresponding sense genes. Consequently, any dysregulation of these lncRNAs can contribute to the
development of pathological processes. The ambiguity surrounding the role of HMGA2-AS1 in gastric cancer
(GC) requires further investigation.

Objective:
The aim of this study was to examine the involvement of HMGA2-AS1 in
GC.

Methods:
The Kaplan-Meier method, Cox regression analysis, gene set enrichment analysis
(GSEA), and immune infiltration analysis were used in this study. These methods were used to
evaluate the relationship between clinical characteristics and HMGA2-AS1 expression, prognostic
factors, and the significant functional impact of HMGA2-AS1. HMGA2-AS1 levels in GC cell
lines were validated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).

Results:
In patients diagnosed with GC, a significant correlation was observed between high expression
of HMGA2-AS1 and the T stage (p = 0.01). Furthermore, the high expression of HMGA2-
AS1 was identified as a prognostic indicator for poorer OS (p = 0.004), PFS (p = 0.006), and
DSS (p = 0.011). Furthermore, the expression of HMGA2-AS1 (p < 0.001) demonstrated an independent
association with OS in patients with GC. The presence of a low expression phenotype of
HMGA2-AS1 was associated with differential enrichment of various pathways, including the focal
adhesion-PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway, focal adhesion, ECM glycoproteins, MET promoting
cell motility, among others. Furthermore, the expression of HMGA2-AS1 exhibited correlations
with B cells, CD56 bright cells, and TFH and Th17 cells. Furthermore, GC cell lines demonstrated
significantly higher expression of HMGA2-AS1.

Conclusion:
Elevated expression of HMGA2-AS1 in GC patients exhibited a significant correlation
with unfavorable survival outcomes and increased immune infiltration. This suggests that HMGA2-
AS1 holds promise as a potential prognostic biomarker and target for immunotherapy in GC.
Alpha-amylase Inhibitory and Cytotoxicity Investigation of Biologically
Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles Using Balanites aegyptiaca on C2C12
Cells
Authors: Bhardwaj Monika , Kataria Sudhir Kumar , Sharma Shammi , Yadav Jaya Parkash 
Published: April 2024

Introduction:
Silver nanoparticles were biologically synthesized from the leaf and seed
extract of Balanites aegyptiaca against diabetes.

Method:
The silver nanoparticles were characterized using UV-visible spectroscopy, FTIR, SEM,
TEM, zeta potential and dynamic light scattering for size distribution. The finding proved the nanosize
and spherical shapes of the nanoparticles. In-vitro antidiabetic and cytotoxic activities of the
synthesized nanoparticles were evaluated for the first time in both the plant extract, and they showed
significant inhibition of α-amylase. However, the inhibition was elevated in the case of nanoparticles.

Result:
It was found that seed and leaf extract inhibited α-amylase up to 62.23±7.25631% and
63.90±5.632%, respectively. The elevation in the inhibition was observed in the case of their respective
silver nanoparticles, such as AgNP seeds and AgNP leaves inhibited the enzyme up to
72.71±7.8569% and 74.04±6.3254%, respectively. They showed lesser cytotoxicity against C2C12
cells.

Conclusion:
It can be concluded that the leaf and seed extracts of Balanites aegyptiaca and synthesized
silver nanoparticles from this plant can be good anti-diabetic agents.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS PESERTA DIDIK
Authors: Nabilah Adzra , Syamsurizal Syamsurizal 
Published: April 2024

Tuntutan era global Partnership of 21st Century Skills yang mengidentifikasi bahwa peserta didik abad-21 harus mampu mengembangkan keterampilan yang berdaya saing. Keterampilan yang dimaksudkan adalah keterampilan untuk berpikir tingkat tinggi (Higher order thinking), dalam aspek berpikir analitis dani berpikir kritis. Di Indonesia, tingkat berpikir kritis siswa masih tergolong rendah. Keterampilan berpikir kritis adalah kemampuan siswa dalam menganalisis argumen, membuat kesimpulan menggunakan penalaran, menilai atau mengevaluasi, dan membuat keputusan atau pemecahan masalah.Pembelajaran biologi mempunyai karakteristik materi yang sfesifik menuntut guru untuk mempunyai sikap yang lebih kreatif dan inovatif dalam pembelajaran. Salah satunya adalah penggunaan model pembelajaran yang variatif. Salah satu model pembelajaran yang bisa digunakan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan Berpikir kritis siswa adalah model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengungkap pengaruh model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa dalam pembelajaran Biologi. metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah literatur review dengan mengkaji sejumlah sumber yang relavan terkait judul penelitian. Berdasarkan hasilliteratur review yang telah dilakukan mengungkapkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh positif dari penerapan model Problem Based Learning terhadap meningkatnya kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik pada pembelajaran Biologi
PENGARUH MEDIA AUDIO VISUAL TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN MENYIMAK CERITA FIKSI SISWA KELAS VI SDN TALANG KELAPA
Authors: Sari Wiky Puspita , Armariena Dian Nuzulia , Prasrihamni3 Mega 
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ada pengaruh media audio visual terhadap keterampilan menyimak pada siswa kelas IV di SDN 17 Talang Kelapa. Dalam penelitian ini metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu menggunakan metode pre experimental design dengan desain one-group pretest-posttest design. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu observasi, dokumentasi, dan tes. Tes yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan tes soal pilihan ganda dengan jumlah 15 soal. Analisis data yang digunakan ini menggunakan uji t statistik parametris dengan menggunakan rumus regresi linier sederhana, maka didapat nilai hasil pretest dengan rata-rata 58,2 dan nilai hasil posttest dengan rata-rata 81,4, didapat hasil perhitungan menggunakan rumus regresi liner sederhana diperoleh nilai thitung 5,03 dengan taraf signifikan Â : 0,05 dan dk = 23 â€“ 2 = 21, maka diperoleh ttabel 2,07. Dengan demikian thitung > ttabel yaitu 5,03 > 2,07 yang berarti Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima. Dengan demikian dari hasil analisis data dapat disimpulkan bahwa media audio visual memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap keterampilan menyimak cerita fiksi siswa kelas IV SDN 17 Talang Kelapa.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN THINK TALK WRITE BERBANTUAN APLIKASI KINEMASTER DALAM PEMBELAJARAN TEKS PROSEDUR PERSUASIF
Authors: Kamilah Fanisa Tri , Via Nugraha  , Tamtam Kamaluddin  
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In the 2013 curriculum students are required to master higher order thinking skills (HOTS), this makes students expected to be able to produce what they have learned. One of the abilities students must have is writing persuasive texts, namely texts that are written so that the reader can do something according to what the author wants. This research was conducted to find out how the results of writing persuasive texts of students before and after the application of learning models think talk write with the help of the kinemaster application. In this study, the research method used is descriptive qualitative method. The results of this study show the results of writing students' persuasive texts before applying the model think talk write assisted kinemaster gets an average value of 73.8 while after being applied gets an average value of 80.8.
Keywords: think talk write, kinemaster, persuasive text..

Abstrak
Pada kurikulum 2013 siswa dituntut untuk menguasai higher order thinking skills (HOTS) atau kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi, hal ini membuat siswa diharapkan dapat memproduksi apa yang sudah dipelajarinya. Salah satu keterampilan yang harus dimiliki siswa antara lain adalah kemampuan menulis teks persuasif, yaitu teks yang di tulis agar pembaca dapat melakukan sesuatu sesuai yang diinginkan penulis. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui bagaimana hasil menulis teks persuasif siswa sebelum dan setelah penerapan model pembelajaran think talk write berbantuan aplikasi kinemaster. Dalam penelitian ini metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan hasil menulis teks persuasif siswa sebelum penerapan model think talk write berbantuan kinemaster mendapatkan nilai rata-rata 73,8 sedangkan setelah diterapkan mendapat nilai rata-rata 80,8.
Kata Kunci: think talk write, kinemaster, teks persuasif.
Miniscrew anchorage versus Class II elastics for maxillary arch distalization using clear aligners
Authors: Liu Fen , Liu Jian , Guo Mengying , Li Zhihua , Shu Guang , Dai Fanfan 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Objectives
To identify whether intramaxillary miniscrew anchorage could achieve a better maxillary arch distalization effect in clear aligner treatment compared to Class II elastics.

Materials and Methods
Thirty adult patients with Class II dentition who were treated with whole maxillary arch distalization using clear aligners were collected. Either intramaxillary miniscrew anchorage (miniscrew group, n = 17) or intermaxillary Class II elastics (Class II elastic group, n = 13) were used to support maxillary arch distalization. Three-dimensional predicted and achieved displacements, and angular changes of maxillary posterior teeth and anterior teeth, were measured and compared.

Results
The achieved distalization efficiency was 36.2%–43.9% in the posterior teeth and the retraction efficiency was 36.9%–49.4% in the anterior teeth. No statistically significant differences were found in maxillary arch distalization efficiency between the groups. The miniscrew group achieved less incisor extrusion and posterior tooth distal tipping than the Class II elastic group. Both groups achieved comparable arch expansion, posterior tooth buccal inclination, and anterior tooth lingual inclination.

Conclusions
Intramaxillary miniscrew anchorage and intermaxillary Class II elastics achieved comparable efficiency in maxillary arch distalization. However, the miniscrew anchorage showed better vertical control in anterior teeth and mesiodistal tipping control in posterior teeth.
Association Between Treatment Adherence and Continuous Glucose Monitoring Outcomes in People With Diabetes Using Smart Insulin Pens in a Real-World Setting
Authors: Danne Thomas P.A. , Joubert Michael , Hartvig Niels Væver , Kaas Anne , Knudsen Nikoline Nygård , Mader Julia K. 
Published: April 2024

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the association of insulin injection adherence, smart insulin pen engagement, and glycemic control using real-world data from 16 countries from adults self-administering basal insulin degludec and bolus insulin with a smart insulin pen (NovoPen 6 or NovoPen Echo Plus) alongside continuous glucose monitoring (CGM).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Data were aggregated over 14-day periods. Treatment adherence was defined according to the number of missed basal and missed bolus insulin doses and smart pen engagement according to the number of days with data uploads.

RESULTS
Data from 3,945 adults, including 25,157 14-day periods with ≥70% CGM coverage, were analyzed. On average, 0.2 basal and 6.0 bolus insulin doses were missed over 14 days. The estimated probability of missing at least one basal insulin dose over a 14-day period was 17.6% (95% CI 16.5, 18.7). Missing one basal or bolus insulin dose per 14 days was associated with a significant decrease in percentage of time with glucose levels in range (TIR) (3.9–10.0 mmol/L), of −2.8% (95% CI −3.7, −1.8) and −1.7% (−1.8, −1.6), respectively; therefore, missing two basal or four bolus doses would decrease TIR by &gt;5%. Smart pen engagement was associated positively with glycemic outcomes.

CONCLUSIONS
This combined analysis of real-world smart pen and CGM data showed that missing two basal or four bolus insulin doses over a 14-day period would be associated with a clinically relevant decrease in TIR. Smart insulin pens provide valuable insights into treatment injection behaviors.
Akuntabilitas Pengelolaan Dana Nagari di Nagari Ulakan Kecamatan Ulakan Tapakis Kabupaten Padang Pariaman
Authors: Zhalul Arief , Malau Hasbullah 
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this article is to highlight the management of village funds in Nagar Ulakan based on Permendagri No. 113/2014 on village financial management. The research method used in this study is a descriptive qualitative method. The results show that the management of village funds has only reached the planning stage, while the implementation, administration, reporting, and accountability stages have not been in accordance with the provisions. The main obstacles in village financial management are related to human resources and reporting delays. Efforts made to overcome these obstacles include developing a selection system for lower-level officials, as well as improving education and training. Although the principles of village financial management such as transparency, accountability, and participation have been ecognized, their implementation has not been effective. Accountability is measured as the obligation to report the management of village funds from beginning to end through periodic reporting. Although Nagari Ulakan refers to Permendagri No. 113 of 2014, the implementation of accountability and transparency of village fund management still needs to be improved.