bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cyclin D1 overexpression increases susceptibility to 4‐nitroquinoline‐1‐oxide‐induced dysplasia and neoplasia in murine squamous oral epithelium
Authors: Wilkey Jonathan F. , Buchberger Glenn , Saucier Kirsten , Patel Salony M. , Eisenberg Ellen , Nakagawa Hiroshi , Michaylira Carmen Z. , Rustgi Anil K. , Mallya Sanjay M. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe cyclin D1 oncogene is frequently amplified/overexpressed in oral squamous cell carcinomas. Mice with overexpression of cyclin D1 targeted to the stratified squamous epithelia of the tongue, esophagus, and forestomach develop a phenotype of epithelial dysplasia at these sites. In this study, we examined the effect of cyclin D1 overexpression on susceptibility of mice to carcinogen‐induced tumorigenesis, using 4‐nitroquinoline‐1‐oxide (4NQO), an established potent oral carcinogen in mice. Cyclin D1 overexpressing mice and nontransgenic littermates were administered 4NQO (20 or 50 parts per million (ppm) in the drinking water) for 8 wk and monitored for an additional 16 wk. Histopathological analyses of the tongue revealed significantly higher severity of dysplasia in the cyclin D1 overexpression mice, compared with nontransgenic controls and with untreated controls. Moreover, only the cyclin D1 overexpression mice developed neoplastic lesions in the oro‐esophageal epithelia. Examination of the dysplastic and neoplastic lesions revealed abnormal proliferation. Our findings suggest that cyclin D1 overexpression enhances susceptibility to carcinogen‐induced oral tumorigenesis. These results underscore the importance of cyclin D1 in the process of oral neoplastic development. Further, they emphasize the value of this transgenic model to study the pathogenesis of oral precancer and cancer and establish it as a model system to test candidate agents for chemoprevention of upper aero‐digestive cancer. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
On the role of convective systems over the northwest Pacific and monsoon activity over the Indian subcontinent
Authors: Ramesh Kumar M. R. , Babu Anu K. , Reason Chris 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe association between convective systems over the northwest Pacific (NWP) and monsoon activity over the Indian subcontinent has been studied for the period 1951–2003. It was found that no systems formed over the NWP region about 5 pentads prior to and 5 pentads after the monsoon onset over Kerala (MOK), southwest India. The characteristics of these convective systems such as frequency, geographical location, duration of the systems and the direction of movement of the systems over the NWP have been examined in relation to breaks in monsoon conditions over the Indian sub‐continent during contrasting monsoon years. A see‐saw nature of convection between the NWP and north Indian Ocean was found during the years with excess monsoon rainfall. It was also seen that the low level wind flow at 850 hPa was substantially more (less) and directed towards the Indian subcontinent (equatorial region) during the monsoon years that experienced a rainfall excess (deficit). It was found that in the deficit years and prolonged breaks in monsoon conditions, the majority of systems (about 69%) formed further south than in the case of excess monsoon years. The maximum difference in the shift of latitude (5.4° ) and longitude (6.9° ) was observed in the peak monsoon month of July indicating the significant influence of the convective systems over the northwest Pacific Ocean on the monsoon activity over the Indian subcontinent. This significant shift in the genesis of the cyclones over the NWP could be due to the shift in the low level jet. Copyright © 2009 Royal Meteorological Society
Fixed‐grid fluid–structure interaction in two dimensions based on a partitioned Lattice Boltzmann and p‐FEM approach
Authors: Kollmannsberger S. , Geller S. , Düster A. , Tölke J. , Sorger C. , Krafczyk M. , Rank E. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractOver the last decade the Lattice Boltzmann method, which was derived from the kinetic gas theory, has matured as an efficient approach for solving Navier–Stokes equations. The p‐FEM approach has proved to be highly efficient for a variety of problems in the field of structural mechanics. Our goal is to investigate the validity and efficiency of coupling the two approaches to simulate transient bidirectional Fluid–Structure interaction problems with geometrically non‐linear structural deflections. A benchmark configuration of self‐induced large oscillations for a flag attached to a cylinder can be accurately and efficiently reproduced within this setting. We describe in detail the force evaluation techniques, displacement transfers and the algorithm used to couple these completely different solvers as well as the results, and compare them with a benchmark reference solution computed by a monolithic finite element approach. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Modeling of Mode Transition Behavior in Argon Microhollow Cathode Discharges
Authors: Deconinck Thomas , Raja Laxminarayan L. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractA self‐consistent, non‐equilibrium plasma discharge model is used to describe physical mechanisms and understand different operating regimes of a MHCD. The model includes a surface‐electric‐field dependent secondary electron coefficient description which is essential for the prediction of the different regimes of MHCD operation. At low current (<0.1 mA), the plasma is confined within the cylindrical hollow region of the discharge. At currents above a certain threshold, the discharge expands over the outer flat surface of the cathode. Transient relaxation oscillations (self‐pulsing) of the discharge properties are predicted by the model for intermediate discharge currents ranging from about 0.1 to 0.3 mA.magnified image
ZnSe‐based conductive nanotemplates for nanofabrication
Authors: Monaico Eduard , Tighineanu Petru , Langa Sergiu , Hartnagel Hans L. , Tiginyanu Ion 
Published: March 2009

AbstractWe show that anodic etching of n‐type ZnSe crystalline substrates leads to the formation of pores which, after nucleation at surface defects, prove to follow the current lines, exhibiting multiplication until the front of the porous network covers the whole available space. No growth of crystallographically oriented pores has been observed in ZnSe. The formation of multilayer porous structures is realized, including layers subjected to successive porosification at two different length scales. The electrochemical pulsed deposition of arrays of Pt nanotubes in the porous ZnSe matrix is demonstrated. The obtained results show that porous ZnSe structures are promising for use as conductive and optically transparent nanotemplates for nanofabrication, in particular for the important application of metal nanotubes. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Effects of correlated disorder on the magneto‐transport in colossal magnetoresistance manganites
Authors: Egilmez M. , Salman Z. , Chow K. H. , Jung J. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractMonte‐Carlo simulations predict that a local correlated disorder is responsible for many of the novel transport and magnetic properties of colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) materials such as manganites. One important prediction of these models is that the resistivity at the metal–insulator transition (MIT) in manganites depends strongly on the correlated quenched disorder. However, experimental confirmation has been challenging since it is difficult to control the amount of disorder in these compounds. We carried out experiments on Sm0.55Sr0.45MnO3, a prototypical CMR manganite with a sharp MIT, whereby the oxygen‐related disorder is systematically enhanced by low temperature thermal activation. We observe dramatic changes in the temperature dependence of resistivity at the MIT as the amount of quenched disorder is increased, occurring in a manner that is in agreement with theoretical predictions.magnified imageTemperature dependence of resistivity of Sm0.55Sr0.45MnO3 for different annealing times at 350 °C in vacuum.(© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Quantification of Greenland halibut serum vitellogenin: a trip from the deep sea to the mass spectrometer
Authors: Cohen Alejandro M. , Jahouh Farid , Sioud Salim , Rideout Rick M. , Morgan M. Joanne , Banoub Joseph H. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThis paper focuses on the sequential steps involved in developing a technique for quantifying Greenland halibut vitellogenin, a serum protein biomarker, using a comprehensive mass spectrometric approach. In the first phase of this study, in‐gel trypsin digestions of serum proteins separated by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE) were analyzed by matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI‐MS). A characteristic band around a molecular mass of 185 kDa, present in the mature female specimens, but absent in the male samples, was identified as vitellognin according to the peptide mass fingerprint obtained by MALDI‐MS. Subsequently, MALDI and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI‐MS/MS) analyses were performed on the digest of the vitellogenin band for de novo sequencing. From these studies, a characteristic 'signature' peptide (sequence: FFGQEIAFANIDK) was selected from a list of candidate peptides as a surrogate analytical standard used for quantification purposes. Sample preparation for vitellogenin quantification consisted of a simple one‐step overnight trypsin digestion. Samples were spiked with an isotopologue signature peptide standard and analyzed by high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled in‐line to an electrospray quadrupole‐hexapole‐quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer, operated in selective reaction monitoring mode. Transitions [(m/z 750.0 → 1020.4 and 750.0 → 1205.4) and (754.8 → 1028.6 and 754.8 → 1213.2)] were monitored for the signature peptide and the internal standard, respectively. Samples obtained from the field showed that vitellogenin levels were in accordance with fish maturity determined by macroscopic examination of the gonad, proving this technique suitable for measuring vitellogenin as a serum protein biomarker for reproductive maturity in female fish. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Through waste prevention towards corporate sustainability: analysis of the concept of waste and a review of attitudes towards waste prevention
Authors: Pongrácz Eva 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe three types of capital relevant within the concept of corporate sustainability, economic, natural and social, are analysed from the point of view of the object‐oriented concept of waste. Waste is suggested as a measure of inefficiency, implying that waste avoidance would further sustainable conduct. Most waste definitions recognize waste at the point of its generation. Similarly, the failure to reach economic and social sustainability is recognized. However, to prevent ‘waste’, we need to act before the activity that gives rise to the failure ever happens. This calls for the analysis of the reasons for waste creation. Further, the paper reports on a series of surveys mapping practices and attitudes towards industrial waste prevention, performed in Finland, the United Kingdom and Czech Republic. Apart from technologies, environmental legislation and environmental management systems, human attitudes and environmental awareness are outlined as the most important drivers of waste prevention. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Organizational culture and leadership: Preconditions for the development of a sustainable corporation
Authors: Baumgartner Rupert J. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe relationship between corporate sustainability and organizational culture seems to be underestimated within the discussion of sustainable development. The research presented in this paper is based on a case study conducted in the mining industry. The hypothesis is that ambitious corporate sustainability activities and strategies have to be embedded in the organizational culture in order to be successful. If aspects of sustainable development are not part of the mindset of leaders and members of the organization, corporate sustainability activities will not affect the core business efficiently and are more likely to fail.The model of Schein for organizational culture is used to characterize corporate sustainability strategies: introverted, extroverted, conservative and visionary strategies are distinguished. Each strategy is assessed regarding the relation and the integration in the levels of organizational culture according to the model of Schein. The model consists of three levels, i.e. artifacts, values and basic assumptions. This framework is used for a case‐study to identify the organizational culture of a global leading mining company. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Pre‐Morphean paradigm – an alternative to modern and post‐modern paradigms of corporate sustainability
Authors: Ketola Tarja 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThis paper evaluates the ongoing change from modern to post‐modern paradigm and identifies a new paradigm. The modern paradigm (EEE) relies on neoclassical economics, egoistic interests and eco‐/employee efficiency. The post‐modern paradigm (SSS) has been established on the systems approach, stakeholder theory and sustainability. As modernism exploits and post‐modernism observes humans and nature, another paradigm is needed to reach genuine corporate sustainability. The pre‐Morphean paradigm (MMM) is developing on the triangle of morphic resonance, metamorphosis and Morphean mind. Pre‐Morpheanism understands humans and nature. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
XPS survey spectra simulation of nano‐structured surfaces
Authors: Ollivier E. , Langeron J. P. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractWe have developed a software tool for the generation of survey spectra in X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (GOSSIP) to simulate wide spectra in the range 200–1500 eV from nano‐structured surfaces. It is based on linear combination of delta layers spectra with the atomic spectra of the elements or compounds of the surface to be simulated. The set of delta layers to reproduce any model is a 200‐file database of thin layers regularly buried up to a depth of 40 nm and has been generated with QUASES™. The atomic spectra that constitute a second database have themselves been determined with QUASES™ from experimental spectra of the elements or compounds in pure form. The principle of GOSSIP is described. Then the generation process is validated by comparison with experimental data for simple rectangular in‐depth distribution of elements. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
XPS topofactors: determining overlayer thickness on particles and fibres
Authors: Shard A. G. , Wang J. , Spencer S. J. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractWe introduce the concept of an XPS ‘Topofactor’, which can be used in conjunction with the XPS ‘Thickogram’, to provide overlayer thicknesses on topographic samples of known geometry. The concept is essentially simple; analysis is performed with the sample normal directed towards the XPS analyser, the equivalent planar thickness is calculated from the Thickogram and the Topofactor applied to the result to provide the actual thickness. The Topofactor is thus defined as the ratio of the true overlayer thickness to the apparent overlayer thickness obtained by assuming the sample is ideally planar. Within this paper we describe how Topofactors can be calculated and consider cylinders (fibres) and spheres (particles) in some detail. For spheres, a Topofactor of 0.67 is a useful average value and for cylinders, a Topofactor of 0.79 is useful, (i.e. ∼2/3 and 4/5, respectively) both values would typically provide overlayer thicknesses within 10% of the actual value. An analytical description of cylindrical and spherical Topofactors to within 1% error is provided which accounts for variations in thickness and relative electron attenuation lengths. The Topofactors are useful for macroscopic and microscopic samples, but not for nanoscopic samples such as nanofibres and nanoparticles. In this case, we provide an analytical model that can predict the relative XPS signals from the core and the shell of nanomaterials to an error that is typically better than 10%. © Crown copyright 2009. Reproduced with the permission of Her Majesty's Stationery Office. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nanoscale Probing of a Polymer‐Blend Thin Film with Tip‐Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Yeo Boon‐Siang , Amstad Esther , Schmid Thomas , Stadler Johannes , Zenobi Renato 
Published: March 2009

AbstractFundamental advances have been made in the spatially resolved chemical analysis of polymer thin films. Tip‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) is used to investigate the surface composition of a mixed polyisoprene (PI) and polystyrene (PS) thin film. High‐quality TER spectra are collected from these nonresonant Raman‐active polymers. A wealth of structural information is obtained, some of which cannot be acquired with conventional analytical techniques. PI and PS are identified at the surface and subsurface, respectively. Differences in the band intensities suggest strongly that the polymer layers are not uniformly thick, and that nanopores are present under the film surface. The continuous PS subsurface layer and subsurface nanopores have hitherto not been identified. These data are obtained with nanometer spatial resolution. Confocal far‐field Raman spectroscopy and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy are employed to corroborate some of the results. With routine production of highly enhancing TERS tips expected in the near future, it is predicted that TERS will be of great use for the rigorous chemical analysis of polymer and other composite systems with nanometer spatial resolution.
Single‐Molecule Investigations of a Photoswitchable Nanodevice
Authors: Heiss Gregor , Lapiene Vidmantes , Kukolka Florian , Niemeyer Christof M. , Bräuchle Christoph , Lamb Don C. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractDue to the specificity of Watson–Crick base pairing, DNA is an excellent molecule for the fabrication of nanostructures. It has been shown that DNA can be used as a scaffold for positioning proteins and synthetic molecules with nanometer accuracy. As the next step in adding complexity and functionality to these nanodevices, optical addressability is incorporated. The fluorescent protein Dronpa, which can be optically switched between a fluorescent state and a dark state, is mounted on a DNA scaffold in the proximity of a synthetic fluorophore. Hence, the system can be optically switched between the dark state and an optically active state that undergoes Förster resonance energy transfer. As nanodevices operate as individual units, the functionality of the device is analyzed using single‐molecule microscopy. The physical characteristics of nanodevices make them well suited as probes for investigating cellular processes or as shuttles for gene therapy. Hence, the functionality of the nanodevice is verified in the context of cellular measurements.
Brief report: A socio‐demographic profile of multiparous teenage mothers
Authors: de Fátima Rato Padin Maria , de Souza e Silva Rebeca , Chalem Elisa , Mitsuhiro Sandro Sendin , Barros Marina Moraes , Guinsburg Ruth , Laranjeira Ronaldo 
Published: March 2009

AbstractObjectiveDelineate a socio‐demographic profile of multiparous teenage mothers at a public hospital in Brazil.MethodThis is a cross‐sectional study consisting of 915 interviews with teenage girls, including 170 multiparous subjects whose babies were born alive.ResultsThe multiparous teenage mothers had the following average characteristics: 17.8 years old; first pregnancy at 16 years; beginning of sexual life at 14.2 years; dropped out of school at 13.6 years; attended school for 6 years with only 10% still attending school when they were interviewed; 87.4% had prenatal exams; monthly income was reported to be 0.3% less than the national minimum salary.ConclusionTeenage mothers are in need of better social, educational, and health care in order to have a greater chance of a positive motherhood experience, thereby creating a better, healthier environment for their children.
Psychophysiological correlates of empathy and prosocial behaviors in preschool children with behavior problems
Authors: Zahn-Waxler Carolyn , Cole Pamela M. , Welsh Jean Darby , Fox Nathan A. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThis study focused on empathic and prosocial orientations in preschool children who vary in externalizing problems. Children were categorized as low, moderate, or high risk for developing disruptive behavior disorders, depending on severity of current behavior problems. Hypothetical and real encounters with others in distress were used to examine children's affect, behavior, autonomic activity, and social cognitions. When children witnessed someone in distress, empathic concern and prosocial behaviors were present at similar levels for all risk groups. However, moderate and high-risk children were less able than low-risk children to remain positively engaged with distress victims. Girls showed more prosocial behavior than boys, and boys showed more anger than girls. During sadness mood inductions to assess autonomic activity, risk groups did not differ on heart rate or vagal tone. Girls showed higher skin conductance than boys, with high-risk girls showing the highest levels. Higher heart rate (and heart rate deceleration) predicted empathic concern and prosocial behavior, whereas lower heart rate was associated with aggression and avoidance, irrespective of risk. Although biological correlates of emotions and behaviors that reflect caring versus indifference to others' distress are identified, they do not support an early direct link to externalizing psychopathologies.
Vagal tone protects children from marital conflict
Authors: Katz Lynn Fainsilber , Gottman John M. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractIn a previous article we reported linkages between marital hostility and children's externalizing behavior problems (Katz & Gottman, 1993). In this paper we examined whether individual differences in children's ability to regulate emotion (as indexed by vagal tone, a physiological measure of parasympathetic nervous system activity) could buffer children from the deleterious effects of marital hostility. Observational data was collected on 56 families during marital interaction when the children were 5 years-old. Baseline recordings of children's cardiac interbeat interval were also obtained for computations of vagal tone. Teacher ratings of children's behavior problems were obtained 3 years later when the children were on average 8 years old. Results indicated that children with low vagal tone showed a strong link between the amount of marital hostility displayed by their parents and subsequent displays of children's externalizing behavior. There was no relationship between marital hostility and children's externalizing for children with high vagal tone, suggesting that high vagal tone can buffer children from the negative effects of marital hostility.
Self-competence and emotional understanding in high-functioning children with autism
Authors: Capps Lisa , Sigman Marian , Yirmiya Nurit 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThis study examined the relationships between perceived self-competence, intellectual ability, emotional understanding, and parent report of social adaptation in 18 nonretarded children with autism. Children who perceived themselves as less socially competent demonstrated stronger intellectual capabilities, greater understanding of others' emotional experiences, and were better able to access their own emotional experiences than were those who perceived themselves as more socially competent. According to their parents, children who reported less social competence also displayed more socially adaptive behavior, and expressed more interest and less sadness and fear than did those who reported greater social competence. Discussion focuses on potential effects of this heightened capacity for emotional understanding on self-esteem and implications for intervention with highly intelligent persons with autism.