bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fuzzy logic technique for accurate analog circuits macromodel sizing
Authors: Díaz‐Madrid J. A. , Hinojosa J. , Doménech‐Asensi G. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractDesign of analog integrated circuits requires extensive simulations at low levels of the analog design hierarchy. The simulations increase the overall design time and, thus, the analog part of a mixed ASIC requires most of the design time while using only a small part of the silicon die. To improve the efficiency of these simulations, it is necessary to use methodologies and tools based on hierarchical descriptions, where macromodels play an essential role. In this paper, an approach for applying fuzzy logic for accurate analog circuit macromodel sizing is presented. In our proposed method, multiple adaptive neuro‐fuzzy inference systems are trained to predict the performance characteristics (gain, bandwidth) of CMOS analog circuits. Moreover, the presented methodology provides reusable macromodels, since it is applicable for large number and large range of design parameters. This technique is applied to the accurate sizing of fully differential telescopic operational transconductance amplifier macromodel, a circuit widely used in the design of high‐performance analog‐to‐digital converters. The neuro‐fuzzy computed characteristic values are in excellent agreement and one order of magnitude faster than those obtained from device level SPICE simulations. Moreover, this method offers the best accuracy in comparison with other classical techniques such as polynomial regression, spline interpolation or artificial neural networks. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Primary cutaneous rhinosporidiosis diagnosed on FNAC: A case report with review of literature
Authors: Deshpande Archana H. , Agarwal Sameer , Kelkar Arundhati A. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractRhinosporidium seeberi causes granulomatous inflammation of mucocutaneous sites, presenting most frequently as polypoidal lesions in the nose. Sites like the conjunctiva, trachea, nasopharnyx, skin, and genitourinary tract are less frequently involved. Primary cutaneous lesion is extremely rare. We report the fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of rhinosporidiosis occurring as a primary cutaneous lesion. FNAC of polypoidal and warty skin growths on leg in a 28‐year‐old male revealed numerous sporangia and spores of R. seeberi. There were no mucocutaneous lesions. Histopathologic examination confirmed the diagnosis. Globular bodies in endospores of R. seeberi are specific; their demonstration confirms diagnosis of rhinosporidiosis. FNAC or scrape cytology is economical and reliable in preoperative diagnosis of suspected and unsuspected cutaneous lesions of R. seeberi. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Peculiar modulation of taste aversion learning by the time of day in developing rats
Authors: Manrique Tatiana , Gámiz Fernando , Morón Ignacio , Ballesteros Mª Angeles , Gallo Milagros 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe ontogeny of the temporal context modulation of conditioned taste aversion was studied in male Wistar rats using a palatable 1% NaCl solution. A procedure that included two saline preexposures, a single pairing saline‐lithium chloride (0.15 M; 1% b.w.) either at the same or a different time of day of preexposures and a one‐bottle test at the same time than preexposure was applied. Four age groups (PN32, PN48, PN64, and PN100) covering the complete range from adolescence to the adult period were tested. The results showed no effect of a temporal context shift in PN32. A peculiar enhancement of temporal context‐specific saline aversions was exhibited by PN48 and PN64 rats, while the adult typical temporal context specificity of latent inhibition was only evident in PN100 rats. The results are discussed in terms of the peculiar brain functional organization during a protracted adolescence period. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 51: 147–157, 2009
Predictive value of interleukin‐10 promoter genotypes and haplotypes in determining the susceptibility to nephropathy in type 2 diabetes patients
Authors: Mtiraoui Nabil , Ezzidi Intissar , Kacem Maha , Ben Hadj Mohamed Manel , Chaieb Molka , Haj Jilani Aoutef Bel , Mahjoub Touhami , Almawi Wassim Y. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractBackgroundThe IL‐10 promoter polymorphisms ‐1082G/A, ‐819C/T, and ‐592C/A have been consistently associated with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). We examined whether these polymorphisms variants are also associated with progression of diabetic nephropathy (DN).MethodsThese promoter variants were genotyped in 917 T2DM patients comprising 515 DN patients and 402 control patients without nephropathy (DWN), together with 748 non‐diabetic control subjects. Haplotype analysis and multivariate regression analysis were employed in assessing the contribution of IL‐10 haplotypes to DN risk, using genotype, clinical and biochemical profile, and their interactions as predictors of DN.ResultsCarriers of mutant ‐592A and ‐819T alleles, and ‐819T/T, ‐592A/A, and ‐819C/T genotypes were more frequent in T2DM. However, the ‐819C/T genotype appeared to be protective of DN, since lower frequency ‐819T allele and ‐819C/T genotype were seen in DN patients. Regression analysis identified ‐1082G/‐819T/‐592A (GTA) and ‐1082G/‐819T/‐592C (GTC) haplotypes as DN‐protective haplotypes. Relative to the ‐1082G/‐819C/‐592C haplotype, GTA [P = 0.044; odds ratio (OR) = 0.54, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.30–0.98] and GTC (P = 0.045; OR = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.31–0.99) haplotypes were associated with decreased odds ratio (OR) for DN, after controlling for a number of covariates (age, sex, body mass index (BMI), hypertension, glucose, HbA1c, DN duration, total cholesterol).ConclusionsOur results indicate that genetic variations at the IL‐10 promoter influence the risk of nephropathy in T2DM patients and thus represent a potential DN genetic‐susceptibility locus worthy of replication. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Development of a wireless remote monitoring system utilizing multiple wireless sensors
Authors: Masuda Shinichi , Hattori Tetsuo 
Published: November 2008

AbstractA novel remote monitoring system for all day outdoor observation using multiple wireless sensors and wireless communication (Handy phone and PHS) is proposed. The whole system consists of three parts: (i) a host station that is a PC (personal computer); (ii) a remote station that contains a camera controlled by a CPU and a power supply (battery attached by solar cell); and (iii) multiple wireless sensors each having its own ID signal. The remote station usually works by an event‐driven method based on the wireless sensor signals. Because of this event‐driven method, various multi‐vision systems are easily configurable. This paper describes the details of the system and evaluates the possibility of the application of the system. Since some of the systems are now actually running in many places, we can consider that the effectiveness of the system is shown by that fact in a practical sense. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 91(6): 1– 11, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.10116
Analysis of fundamental light receiving characteristics of spherical solar cells
Authors: Ishikawa Hiroki , Furuno Takayuki , Kambe Satoru , Naitoh Haruo 
Published: November 2008

AbstractSpherical solar cells are claimed to have some advantageous characteristics superior to those of ordinary planar solar cells. The most significant one is that the spherical solar cells have no directivity to light. This paper examines the characteristics based on geometrical considerations. The authors prove that a single spherical cell has no directivity as a whole. In practical use, many cells are used in an array configuration, where an individual cell receives the shadows cast by other cells around it. The adjacent shadows, so named in this paper, cause directivity. Their effects are evaluated geometrically and the theoretical considerations are verified through experiments. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 91(6): 34–46, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.10119
A high‐efficiency diode‐clamped linear amplifier
Authors: Fujita Hideaki 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThis paper proposes a new power converter without any switching operation and which works as a linear amplifier. The main circuit of the proposed converter consists of series‐connected MOSFETs, series‐multi DC power supplies, and clamping diodes. The circuit configuration is similar to a diode‐clamped multi‐level inverter, except for using complementary power devices, which are n‐ and p‐channel MOSFETs. One of the series‐connected MOSFETs operates in an active state just like a linear amplifier, while the other MOSFETs operate in on or off states like an inverter circuit. As a result, the proposed converter achieves an acceptable efficiency as high as 90% without any ripples or harmonics caused by switching operation. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed converter has the capability to drive a 2.2‐kW three‐phase induction motor. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 91(6): 47–56, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.10120
Aminohalogenation of Electron‐Deficient Olefins Promoted by Hypervalent Iodine Compounds
Authors: Wu Xue‐Liang , Wang Guan‐Wu 
Published: November 2008

AbstractAn efficient and practical procedure for the aminohalogenation of electron‐deficient olefins promoted by hypervalent iodine compounds has been demonstrated. The catalytic efficiency of various hypervalent iodine compounds with different carboxylic and sulfonic ligands has also been investigated and of these (diacetoxyiodo)benzene exhibited the highest activity. A series of substrates, including α,β‐unsaturated ketones, cinnamates, and cinnamides, were tolerable under the conditions employed and were aminochlorinated/‐brominated in good yields and with excellent diastereoselectivities.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Large‐scale microfabricated channel plates for high‐throughput, fully automated DNA sequencing
Authors: Kumagai Hidesato , Utsunomiya Shinichi , Nakamura Shin , Yamamoto Rintaro , Harada Akira , Kaji Toru , Hazama Makoto , Ohashi Tetsuo , Inami Atsushi , Ikegami Takashi , Miyamoto Keisuke , Endo Naoya , Yoshimi Kenichi , Toyoda Atsushi , Hattori Masahira , Sakaki Yoshiyuki 
Published: November 2008

AbstractWe have described a new DNA sequencing platform based on the Sanger chemistry, in which the large‐scale microfabricated channel plates and electrophoretic system result in higher‐throughput DNA sequencing. Three hundred and eighty‐four channels are arranged in a fan‐like shape on a 25×47 cm glass plate, on which 384 oval sample holes are connected to each channel coupled to the opposite anode access holes. Two microfabricated plates are set on the sequencing apparatus, in which sequencing electrophoresis is conducted on one plate and the preparation process is on another plate. Each sample hole is loaded with 2.3 μL volume of sample and injected into separation channels electrokinetically. High‐quality sequencing data were acquired using the pUC18 template, achieving an average read‐length of 1001 bases with 99% accuracy and a throughput of 5 Mbases per day per instrument. To assess the performance in actual sequencing field, the bacterial artificial chromosome shotgun library of the Pseudorca crassidens genome was sequenced, using 1/80 of the quantity of Sanger reagent (0.1 μL). We believe that this is the first demonstration of the useful performance of DNA sequencing using monolithic microfabricated devices with walk‐away operation.
Optimization of a single‐effect evaporation system to effectively utilize thermal energy
Authors: Alnaizy Raafat , Dawood Faisal 
Published: November 2008

AbstractWastewater treatment facilities at Emirates Gold in Dubai seek to improve the steam economy of the existing single‐effect with recirculation and vapor‐compression evaporation process. Maximizing steam economy is important as it impacts treatment costs. There are two main approaches for improving steam economy in evaporators. One is to use a multiple‐effect evaporator; the other is to use a mechanical vapor recompression. Multiple‐effect evaporators were rejected because of higher capital and power cost. One of the suggestions that were made towards improving the steam economy was to recover heat from the steam condensate. A modified process flow diagram was proposed and investigated. The modified process was simulated using SuperPro Designer and Hysys with complete material and energy balance computation. The modified process increased the total water evaporation capacity and gained 40% better steam economy of the process. Another advantage was an increase in the amount of water reused, which is both economical and environmentally friendly. © 2008 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2009
Seismic performance evaluation of a 34‐story steel building retrofitted with response modification elements
Authors: Weng Yuan‐Tao , Tsai Keh‐Chyuan , Chen Pei‐Ching , Chou Chung‐Che , Chan Ya‐Ran , Jhuang Sheng‐Jhih , Wang Yung‐Yu 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe original structural design of this case
study consisted of five basement floors and a 34‐story hotel tower in Kaohsiung, Taiwan. The construction started in 1993, and the erection of the entire steel frame and the pouring of concrete slabs up to the 26th floor were completed before 1996. However, construction of the original hotel was subsequently suspended for 10 years. Recently, this building has been retrofitted for residential purposes. Buckling restrained braces (BRBs) and eccentrically braced frames were incorporated into the seismic design of the new residential tower. This paper presents the seismic resisting structural system, seismic design criteria, full‐scale test results of one BRB member and the as‐built welded moment connections. Test results confirm that the two side web‐plate stiffening details can effectively improve the rotational capacity of welded moment connection. The paper also discusses the analytical models for simulating the experimental responses of the BRB members and the welded moment connections. Nonlinear response history analyses (NLRHA) indicate that the inelastic deformational demands of the original and the redesigned structures induced by the maximum considered earthquakes are less than those found in the seismic building codes or laboratory tests. This paper also proposes a ground motion scaling method considering multi‐mode effects for NLRHA of the example building. It is shown that the proposed scaling method worked well in reducing the scatter in estimated peak seismic demands. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of cumulative seismic damage and corrosion on the life‐cycle cost of reinforced concrete bridges
Authors: Kumar R. , Gardoni P. , Sanchez‐Silva M. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractBridge design should take into account not only safety and functionality, but also the cost effectiveness of investments throughout a bridge life‐cycle. This paper presents a probabilistic approach to compute the life‐cycle cost (LCC) of corroding reinforced concrete (RC) bridges in earthquake‐prone regions. The approach is developed by combining cumulative seismic damage and damage associated with corrosion due to environmental conditions. Cumulative seismic damage is obtained from a low‐cycle fatigue analysis. Chloride‐induced corrosion of steel reinforcement is computed based on Fick's second law of diffusion. The proposed methodology accounts for the uncertainties in the ground motion parameters, the distance from the source, the seismic demand on the bridge, and the corrosion initiation time. The statistics of the accumulated damage and the cost of repairs throughout the bridge life‐cycle are obtained by Monte‐Carlo simulation. As an illustration of the proposed approach, the effects of design parameters on the LCC of an example RC bridge are studied. The results are valuable in better estimating the condition of existing bridges and, therefore, can help to schedule inspection and maintenance programs. In addition, by taking into consideration the two deterioration processes over a bridge life‐cycle, it is possible to estimate the optimal design parameters by minimizing, for example, the expected cost throughout the life of the structure. A comparison between the effects of the two deterioration processes shows that, in seismic regions, the cumulative seismic damage affects the reliability of bridges over time more than the corrosion even for corrosive environments. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Topographic controls upon soil macropore flow
Authors: Holden Joseph 
Published: November 2008

AbstractMacropores are important components of soil hydrology. The spatial distribution of macropore flow as a proportion of saturated hydraulic conductivity was tested on six humid–temperate slopes using transects of tension infiltrometer measurements. Automated water table and overland flow monitoring allowed the timing of, and differentiation between, saturation‐excess overland flow and infiltration‐excess overland flow occurrence on the slopes to be determined and related to tension‐infiltrometer measurements. Two slopes were covered with blanket peat, two with stagnohumic gleys and two with brown earth soils. None of the slopes had been disturbed by agricultural activity within the last 20 years. This controlled the potential for tillage impacts on macropores. The proportion of near‐surface macropore flow to saturated hydraulic conductivity was found to vary according to slope position. The spatial patterns were not the same for all hillslopes. On the four non‐peat slopes there was a relationship between locations of overland flow occurrence and reduced macroporosity. This relationship did not exist for the peat slopes investigated because they experienced overland flow across their whole slope surfaces. Nevertheless, they still had a distinctive spatial pattern of macropore flow according to slope position. For the other soils tested, parts of slopes that were susceptible to saturation‐excess overland flow (e.g. hilltoes or flat hilltops) tended to have least macropore flow. To a lesser extent, for the parts of slopes susceptible to infiltration‐excess overland flow, the proportion of macropore flow as a component of infiltration was also smaller compared with the rest of the slope. The roles of macropore creation and macropore infilling by sheet wash are discussed, and it is noted that the combination of these may result in distinctive topographically controlled spatial patterns of macropore flow. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Reduction of glycosphingolipid biosynthesis stimulates biliary lipid secretion in mice #
Authors: Bijl Nora , van Roomen Cindy P. A. A. , Triantis Vassilis , Sokolovic Milka , Ottenhoff Roelof , Scheij Saskia , van Eijk Marco , Boot Rolf G. , Aerts Johannes M. , Groen Albert K. 
Published: November 2008

Abstract
Recent reports indicate that glycosphingolipids play an important role in regulation of carbohydrate metabolism. We have shown that the iminosugar N-(5′-adamantane-1′-yl-methoxy)-pentyl-1-deoxynojirimycin (AMP-DNM), an inhibitor of the enzyme glucosylceramide synthase, is a potent enhancer of insulin signaling in rodent models for insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. In this study, we determined whether AMP-DNM also affects lipid homeostasis and, in particular, the reverse cholesterol transport pathway. Treatment of C57BL/6J mice with AMP-DNM for 5 weeks decreased plasma levels of triglycerides and cholesterol by 35%, whereas neutral sterol excretion increased twofold. Secretion of biliary lipid also increased twofold, which resulted in a similar rise in bile flow. This effect was not due to altered expression levels or kinetics of the various export pumps involved in bile formation. However, the bile salt pool size increased and the expression of Cyp7A1 was up-regulated. In vitro experiments using HepG2 hepatoma cell line revealed this to be due to inhibition of fibroblast growth factor-19 (FGF19)-mediated suppression of Cyp7A1 via the FGF receptor. Conclusion: Pharmacological modulation of glycosphingolipid metabolism showed surprising effects on lipid homeostasis in C57BL/6J mice. Upon administration of 100 mg AMP-DNM/kg body weight/day, plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels decreased, biliary lipid secretion doubled and also the endpoint of reverse cholesterol transport, neutral sterol excretion, doubled. (Hepatology 2008.)
Knockout of myeloid cell leukemia-1 induces liver damage and increases apoptosis susceptibility of murine hepatocytes #
Authors: Vick Binje , Weber Achim , Urbanik Toni , Maass Thorsten , Teufel Andreas , Krammer Peter H. , Opferman Joseph T. , Schuchmann Marcus , Galle Peter R. , Schulze-Bergkamen Henning 
Published: November 2008

Abstract
Myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl-1) is an antiapoptotic member of the Bcl-2 protein family. It interacts with proapoptotic Bcl-2 family members, thereby inhibiting mitochondrial activation and induction of apoptosis. Mcl-1 is essential for embryonal development and the maintenance of B cells, T cells, and hematopoietic stem cells. We have recently shown that induction of Mcl-1 by growth factors rescues primary human hepatocytes from CD95-mediated apoptosis. This prompted us to further analyze the relevance of Mcl-1 for hepatocellular homeostasis. Therefore, we generated a hepatocyte-specific Mcl-1 knockout mouse (Mcl-1flox/flox-AlbCre). Deletion of Mcl-1 in hepatocytes results in liver cell damage caused by spontaneous induction of apoptosis. Livers of Mcl-1flox/flox-AlbCre mice are smaller compared to control littermates, due to higher apoptosis rates. As a compensatory mechanism, proliferation of hepatocytes is enhanced in the absence of Mcl-1. Importantly, hepatic pericellular fibrosis occurs in Mcl-1 negative livers in response to chronic liver damage. Furthermore, Mcl-1flox/flox-AlbCre mice are more susceptible to hepatocellular damage induced by agonistic anti-CD95 antibodies or concanavalin A. Conclusion: The present study provides in vivo evidence that Mcl-1 is a crucial antiapoptotic factor for the liver, contributing to hepatocellular homeostasis and protecting hepatocytes from apoptosis induction. (Hepatology 2009.)