bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cymbopogon citratus L. essential oil as a potential antifungal agent against key weed moulds of Pleurotus spp. spawns
Authors: Mahanta J. J. , Chutia M. , Bordoloi M. , Pathak M. G. , Adhikary R. K. , Sarma T. C. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe essential oil of Cymbopogon citratus L. (250–1500 p.p.m.) was tested in vitro for antifungal activity against seven Pleurotus spp. spawn‐contaminating fungi, viz. Aspergillus flavus, A. fumigatus, A. niger, Alternaria alternata, Penicillium citrinum, Curvularia lunata and Trichoderma harzianum. Oil‐enrichment resulted in significant (p < 0.05) reduction of growth for the pathogens examined. Fungal spore production inhibited up to 80% at 250 p.p.m. of the oil except for C. lunata, which was inhibited by only 30%. In the higher oil concentration (1500 p.p.m.) employed, fungal sporulation was completely retarded. Lemongrass oil reduces spore germination in A. flavus, A. fumigatus, A. alternata, P. citrinum and T. harzianum, with the effects dependent on oil concentration. However, lemongrass oil at 250 p.p.m. accelerated spore germination for A. niger and P. citrinum. Indeed, further increase in oil concentration shows complete inhibition. Among the pathogens, C. lunata was found to be most resistant strain, while A. niger was the most sensitive strain against lemongrass oil. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Could HTR2A T102C and DRD3 Ser9Gly predict clinical improvement in patients with acutely exacerbated schizophrenia? Results from treatment responses to risperidone in a naturalistic setting
Authors: Kim Byungsu , Choi Eui Yul , Kim Chang Yoon , Song Kyuyung , Joo Yeon Ho 
Published: October 2007

AbstractObjectiveThis study seeks to replicate previous results indicating that T102C in the serotonin 2A receptor (HTR2A) and Ser9Gly in the dopamine D3 receptor (DRD3) were associated with a risperidone response to acutely exacerbated schizophrenia, and to determine whether possession of these alleles predicts clinical improvement in a naturalistic setting.MethodsWe consecutively recruited 100 schizophrenia patients and assessed clinical improvement after 4 weeks of risperidone treatment.ResultsThe patients with T/T in the HTR2A gene showed less clinical improvement than did those with T/C or C/C (p = 0.044). In the case of the DRD3 gene, we did not find statically significant association with clinical improvement (p = 0.061). When patients were categorized into responders and nonresponders, the C allele was more frequent in responders (OR = 2.28, 95%CI = 1.06–4.91, p = 0.039). When combinations of the two polymorphisms were considered, patients who had T/T in the HTR2A gene and encoded Ser/Ser or Ser/Gly from DRD3 gene had a higher propensity to non‐responsiveness compared to other subjects (OR = 3.57, 95%CI = 1.10–11.62, p = 0.039).ConclusionsOur findings suggest that the HTR2A T102C could be a potential indicator of clinical improvement after risperidone treatment. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Performance evaluation of dimensionality reduction techniques for multispectral images
Authors: Carmona Pedro Latorre , Lenz Reiner 
Published: October 2007

AbstractWe consider several collections of multispectral color signals and describe how linear and nonlinear methods can be used to investigate their internal structure. We use databases consisting of blackbody radiators, approximated and measured daylight spectra, multispectral images of indoor and outdoor scenes under different illumination conditions, and numerically computed color signals. We apply principal components analysis, group‐theoretical methods and three manifold learning methods: Laplacian Eigenmaps, ISOMAP, and conformal component analysis. Identification of low‐dimensional structures in these databases is important for analysis, model building and compression and we compare the results obtained by applying the algorithms to the different databases. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 17, 202–217, 2007
Spatially adaptive color filter array interpolation for noiseless and noisy data
Authors: Paliy Dmitriy , Katkovnik Vladimir , Bilcu Radu , Alenius Sakari , Egiazarian Karen 
Published: October 2007

AbstractConventional single‐chip digital cameras use color filter arrays (CFA) to sample different spectral components. Demosaicing algorithms interpolate these data to complete red, green, and blue values for each image pixel, to produce an RGB image. In this article, we propose a novel demosaicing algorithm for the Bayer CFA. For the algorithm design, we assume that, following the concept proposed in (Zhang and Wu, IEEE Trans Image Process 14 (2005), 2167–2178), the initial interpolation estimates of color channels contain two additive components: the true values of color intensities and the errors that are considered as an additive noise. A specially designed signal‐adaptive filter is used to remove this so‐called demosaicing noise. This filter is based on the local polynomial approximation (LPA) and the paradigm of the intersection of confidence intervals applied to select varying scales of LPA. This technique is nonlinear and spatially‐adaptive with respect to the smoothness and irregularities of the image. The presented CFA interpolation (CFAI) technique takes significant advantage from assuming that the original data is noise‐free. Nevertheless, in many applications, the observed data is noisy, where the noise is treated as an important intrinsic degradation of the data. We develop an adaptation of the proposed CFAI for noisy data, integrating the denoising and CFAI into a single procedure. It is assumed that the data is given according to the Bayer pattern and corrupted by signal‐dependant noise common for charge‐coupled device and complementary‐symmetry/metal‐oxide semiconductor sensors. The efficiency of the proposed approach is demonstrated by experimental results with simulated and real data. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 17, 105–122, 2007
A new image sharpening approach for single‐sensor digital cameras
Authors: Lukac Rastislav , Plataniotis Konstantinos N. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThis article introduces a new image sharpening approach suitable for single‐sensor digital cameras equipped with a Bayer color filter array (CFA). The proposed solution firstly enhances the structural content of the captured CFA image data. Subsequent demosaicking of the enhanced CFA image data produces a visually pleasing full‐color image which is noticeably sharper compared to the output of the traditional imaging pipeline. Results reported in this work suggest a three‐fold processing cost reduction when the new approach is followed. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 17, 123–131, 2007
Assessing human skin color from uncalibrated images
Authors: Marguier J. , Bhatti N. , Baker H. , Harville M. , Süsstrunk S. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractImages of a scene captured with multiple cameras will have different color values because of variations in color rendering across devices. We present a method to accurately retrieve color information from uncalibrated images taken under uncontrolled lighting conditions with an unknown device and no access to raw data, but with a limited number of reference colors in the scene. The method is used to assess skin tones. A subject is imaged with a calibration target. The target is extracted and its color values are used to compute a color correction transform that is applied to the entire image. We establish that the best mapping is done using a target consisting of skin colored patches representing the whole range of human skin colors. We show that color information extracted from images is well correlated with color data derived from spectral measurements of skin. We also show that skin color can be consistently measured across cameras with different color rendering and resolutions ranging from 0.1 to 4.0 megapixels. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 17, 143–151, 2007
Color high dynamic range imaging: The luminance–chrominance approach
Authors: Pirinen Ossi , Foi Alessandro , Gotchev Atanas 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThis article presents a novel and efficient approach to color in high dynamic range (HDR) imaging. In contrast to state‐of‐the‐art methods, we propose to move the complete HDR imaging process from RGB to a luminance–chrominance color space. Our aim is to get a computationally efficient technique and to avoid any possible color distortions originating from the three RGB color channels processed separately. To achieve this, we build a camera response function for the luminance channel only and weight and compose the HDR luminance accordingly, while for the chrominance channels we apply weighting in relation with the saturation level. We demonstrate that our technique yields natural and pleasant to perceive tone‐mapped images and is also more robust to noise. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 17, 152–162, 2007
Induction of apoptosis and reactive oxygen species production by N‐nitrosopiperidine and N‐nitrosodibutylamine in human leukemia cells
Authors: García Almudena , Morales Paloma , Arranz Nuria , Delgado Eugenia , Rafter Joseph , Haza Ana I. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractN‐nitrosopiperidine (NPIP) and N‐nitrosodibutylamine (NDBA) belong to a group of N‐nitrosamines that are widely distributed in foodstuffs and the occupational environment. In the present study, the human promyelocytic leukemia cell line HL‐60, was used to characterize the apoptotic effects of N‐nitrosamines, and to examine the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Apoptotic cells were identified by (i) chromatin condensation (ii) flow cytometry analysis and (iii) poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage. NPIP and NDBA induced morphological changes consistent with apoptotic events in HL‐60 cells. Flow cytometry analysis showed that both N‐nitrosamines induced apoptotic cell death in a concentration and time dependent‐manner. It was observed that NDBA was stronger than NPIP, since it induced a significant apoptotic cell death after 18 h starting from a concentration of 2 mm, whereas NPIP was effective at 10 mm. Furthermore, PARP was markedly cleaved with 0.5 mm of NDBA and 5 mm of NPIP after treatments for 3 and 18 h, respectively. Finally, the ROS level was found to be elevated after 0.5 h of treatment with both N‐nitrosamines. Antioxidant N‐acetylcysteine (NAC) completely inhibited the ROS production induced by NPIP and NDBA. However, this action seems not to be associated with the apoptosis because NAC did not block N‐nitrosamines‐induced apoptosis. The data demonstrate that NPIP and NDBA induce apoptosis and ROS production in HL‐60 cells. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Influence of the metabolic properties of human cells on the kinetic of formation of the major benzo[a]pyrene DNA adducts
Authors: Marie Caroline , Maître Anne , Douki Thierry , Gateau Mathilde , Tarantini Adeline , Guiraud Pascale , Favier Alain , Ravanat Jean‐Luc 
Published: October 2007

AbstractPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous environmental contaminants. Some of them, including benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), are tumorigenic due to their ability to generate DNA adducts. In order to define potential biomarkers of B[a]P exposure, the aim of the study was to identify the major stable DNA adducts in B[a]P‐treated human cells. The role played by cellular metabolism on the nature and frequency of the DNA lesions was investigated using keratinocytes (HaCat) and actively metabolizing hepatocytes (HepG2) cell lines. Quantification of DNA damage was carried out by HPLC coupled to tandem mass spectrometry, a sensitive method making possible the selective detection of the different potential stable DNA adducts of B[a]P. These include two adducts of the 7,8‐dihydroxy‐9,10‐epoxy‐7,8,9,10‐tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene (BPDE) pathway and three adducts of the radical cation pathway. The results indicate that incubation of cells with B[a]P induces almost exclusively the formation of BPDE DNA adducts on purine bases. The amount of DNA adducts generated in hepatocytes was found to be two orders of magnitude higher than that measured in keratinocytes. Interestingly, the level of the DNA adducts produced in the cells incubated with (±)‐anti‐BPDE was similar in the two cell lines, indicating that the difference observed upon incubation with B[a]P could be attributed to different kinetics of B[a]P metabolism. The repair rate of BPDE DNA adducts was identical in the two cell lines with a half‐life estimated to be around 20 h. These data support the use of the stable BPDE DNA adducts, as relevant biomarkers of exposure to B[a]P. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Docosahexaenoic acid is more potent inhibitor of osteoclast differentiation in RAW 264.7 cells than eicosapentaenoic acid
Authors: Rahman Md Mizanur , Bhattacharya Arunabh , Fernandes Gabriel 
Published: October 2007

AbstractFish oil rich in n−3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) protects inflammation induced bone loss in chronic inflammatory diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, periodontitis, and osteoporosis. EPA and DHA differentially regulate functional parameters and gene expression in different cell types. One of the risk factors for bone loss in inflammatory bone diseases is the elevation of bone‐resorbing osteoclasts and a very few studies so far have indicated that attenuation of osteoclastogenesis might be one of the mechanisms by which n−3 PUFA exert its effect on bone loss protection. However, the precise mechanism underlying this process remains unclear. Receptor activator of NF‐κB ligand (RANKL) is known to be the most critical mediator of osteoclastogenesis. Therefore, in this study, we examined the differential effect of EPA and DHA on RANKL‐stimulated osteoclastogenesis and RANKL signaling using a murine monocytic cell line RAW 264.7. DHA was found to inhibit osteoclast differentiation, activation and function more potently than EPA. The differential potential also closely correlated with the inhibition of osteoclast‐specific genes like tartrate resistant acid phosphatase, cathepsin K, calcitonin receptor, matrix metalloproteinase‐9 expression and osteoclast‐specific transcription factor, c‐Fos, as well as osteotropic proinflammatory cytokine, TNF‐α to a greater extent with DHA than EPA. Further, pretreatment of RAW 264.7 cells with DHA also showed significantly reduced activation of NF‐κB and p38MAPK than EPA. Our findings suggest that DHA may be much more effective than EPA in alleviating RANKL induced proinflammatory cytokine production, intracellular signaling activation, thereby decreasing osteoclast activation and bone resorption. J. Cell. Physiol. 214:201–209, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Synergistic effect of high glucose and ANG II on proliferation of mouse embryonic stem cells: Involvement of PKC and MAPKs as well as AT1 receptor
Authors: Kim Yun Hee , Han Ho Jae 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThis study examined the synergistic effect of high glucose levels and ANG II on proliferation and its related signal pathways using mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells. The combined use of a high glucose concentration (25 mM) and ANG II increased the level of [3H]thymidine/BrdU incorporation, and the number of cells compared with either treatment alone. Each treatment with high glucose or ANG II increased the cell population in the S phase compared with control, and the combined treatment of a high glucose concentration and ANG II significantly increased the number of cells in the S phase according to FACS analysis. Moreover, the high glucose‐induced increase in [3H]thymidine incorporation was blocked by inhibiting the ANG II type 1 (AT1) receptor. The combined high glucose and ANG II significantly increased the STAT3 phosphorylation compared with high glucose or ANG II alone. ANG II stimulated the influx of Ca2+ in 25 mM glucose compared with 5 mM glucose. High glucose levels increase the level of PKC α, ε, and ζ translocation from the cytosol to the membrane fraction. In an examination of other signal pathways, the combined treatment significantly increased the level of p44/42, p38 MAPKs phosphorylation compared with either treatment alone. Indeed, the combined treatment increased the mRNA expression level of the protooncogenes and cell cycle regulatory proteins. In conclusion, the combined treatment of a high glucose concentration and ANG II had a synergistic effect in stimulating mouse ES cell proliferation through the Ca2+/PKC, MAPKs, and the AT1 receptor. J. Cell. Physiol. 215: 374–382, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Downregulation of VEGF‐D expression by interleukin‐1β in cardiac microvascular endothelial cells is mediated by MAPKs and PKCα/β1
Authors: Mountain Deidra J.H. , Singh Mahipal , Singh Krishna 
Published: October 2007

AbstractInterleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) is a proinflammatory cytokine increased in the heart following myocardial infarction. Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) are implicated in angiogenesis due to their involvement in the recruitment and proliferation of endothelial cells. Here we studied expression of VEGFs in response to IL‐1β in rat cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (CMECs) and investigated the signaling pathways involved in the regulation of VEGF‐D. cDNA array analysis indicated that IL‐1β modulates the expression of numerous angiogenesis‐related genes, notably decreasing the expression of VEGF‐D. RT‐PCR and Western blot analyses confirmed decreased expression of VEGF‐D in response to IL‐1β. IL‐1β decreased the expression of VEGF‐C to a lesser extent with no effects on VEGF‐A or ‐B. Inhibition of ERK1/2, JNKs, or PKCα/β1 alone partially inhibited IL‐1β‐induced VEGF‐D downregulation. Concurrent inhibition of ERK1/2 or JNKs and PKCα/β1 resulted in a synergistic inhibition of IL‐1β‐induced decreases in VEGF‐D. Inhibition of ERK1/2 partially inhibited IL‐1β‐stimulated inactivation of GSK‐3β with no effect on β‐catenin levels. Inhibition of GSK‐3β using SB216763 inhibited basal VEGF‐D expression. We conclude that IL‐1β downregulates VEGF‐D expression in CMECs via the involvement of ERK1/2, JNKs, and PKCα/β1. This is the first report to indicate inhibition of VEGF‐D gene expression in response to IL‐1β in cardiac microvascular endothelial cells, a cell type of central interest in angiogenesis. J. Cell. Physiol. 215: 337–343, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Complement C1q‐target proteins recognition is inhibited by electric moment effectors
Authors: Roumenina Lubka , Bureeva Svetlana , Kantardjiev Alexander , Karlinsky David , Andia‐Pravdivy Julian E. , Sim Robert , Kaplun Alexander , Popov Michael , Kishore Uday , Atanasov Boris 
Published: October 2007

AbstractClassical complement pathway is an important innate immune mechanism, which is usually triggered by binding of C1q to immunoglobulins, pentraxins and other target molecules. Although the activation of the classical pathway is crucial in the host defence, its undesirable and uncontrolled activation can lead to tissue damage. Thus, understanding the molecular basis of complement activation and its inhibition are of great biomedical importance. Recently, we proposed a mechanism for target recognition and classical pathway activation by C1q, which is likely governed by calcium‐controlled reorientation of macromolecular electric moment vectors. Here we sought to define the mechanism of C1q inhibition by low molecular weight disulphate compounds that bind to the globular (gC1q) domain, using experimental, computational docking and theoretical modelling approaches. Our experimental results demonstrate that betulin disulphate (B2S) and 9,9‐bis(4'‐hydroxyphenyl)fluorene disulphate (F2S) inhibit the interaction of C1q and its recombinant globular modules with target molecules IgG1, C‐reactive protein (CRP) and long pentraxin 3 (PTX3). In most C1q‐inhibitor docked complexes, there is a reduction of electric moment scalar values and similarly altered direction of electric/dipole moment vectors. This could explain the inhibitory effect by impaired electrostatic steering, lacking optimal target recognition and formation of functional complex. In the presence of the inhibitor, the tilt of gC1q domains is likely to be blocked by the altered direction of the electric moment vector. Thus, the transition from the inactive (closed) towards the active (open) conformation of C1q (i.e. the complement activation signal transmission) will be impaired and the cascade initiation disrupted. These results could serve as a starting point for the exploration of a new form of ‘electric moment inhibitors/effectors’. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Endoplasmic reticulum stress is activated in light‐induced retinal degeneration
Authors: Yang Li‐ping , Wu Le‐meng , Guo Xiu‐juan , Li Ying , Tso Mark O.M. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractExposure to excessive levels of light induces photoreceptor apoptosis and has previously been used as a model for the study of retinal degeneration. During the light exposure, intracellular calcium levels increase, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated, which have been shown to cause endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. In the present study, we investigated the role of ER stress in light‐induced photoreceptor apoptosis. Our study demonstrated that, after light exposure, the ER stress sensors including glucose‐regulated protein‐78 (GRP78/BiP), caspase‐12, phospho‐eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (eIF2α), and phospho‐pancreatic ER kinase (PERK) were significantly up‐regulated in a time‐dependent manner. The up‐regulation of these proteins coincided with or preceded the photoreceptor apoptosis indicated by TUNEL. These data showed that ER stress played an important role in light‐induced photoreceptor apoptosis. Therefore, ER stress modulators could be strong candidates as therapeutic agents in the treatment of retinal degenerative diseases. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Development of high‐performance liquid chromatography and non‐aqueous capillary electrophoresis methods for the determination of fenoxycarb residues in wheat samples
Authors: Liu Mian , Yang Hui , Liu Hongxia , Han Po , Wang Xie , Zhang Shusheng , Wu Yangjie 
Published: October 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND: Practical methods for the analysis of fenoxycarb residues in wheat samples were developed using high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and non‐aqueous capillary electrophoresis (NACE).RESULTS: Fenoxycarb residues in wheat were extracted with acetone by ultrasonication, followed by a clean‐up procedure with liquid–liquid extraction with 5% NaCl/dichloromethane. The HPLC was developed using C18 as column, MeOH/water (6:4, v/v) as the mobile phase and 199 nm as the detection wavelength. The optimal NACE condition was established with the running buffer of 20.0 mmol L−1 NH4Ac in 95% MeOH (pH* 9.0), and the applied voltage of 30 kV over a capillary of 50 µm i.d. × 48.5 cm × 40 cm effective length. Both methods gave the relatively lower limits of detection (0.008 mg kg−1 for HPLC and 0.024 mg kg−1 for NACE) and the higher recoveries (>85.0%). They were successfully applied to the determination of fenoxycarb in wheat samples.CONCLUSION: The results showed that the fenoxycarb residue gradually reduced to trace amounts after about 3 years, which implied that the pharmacological actions of fenoxycarb could last for about 3 years. Meanwhile, more effort should be made to control and reduce fenoxycarb residues because of its potential health risks to consumers. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry