bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ossification of decalcified and nondecalcified homologous bone grafts
Authors: Rafaty F. Mark 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis two‐year study examined the process of reossification and survival of decalcified and nondecalcified bone grafts implanted under the scalp tissue of 15 rabbits. Both radiologic and histologic examination showed that the nondecalcified fresh‐frozen bone specimens became totally viable and recalcified while largely retaining their initial size. The decalcified bones, however, were totally absorbed within a period of four months. Possible reasons for failure of the decalcified bone to reossify are discussed.
The pathology of head and neck tumors: Nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses, part 5
Authors: Batsakis John G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNasal polyps and epithelial papillomas of the sinonasal tract often manifest similar clinical signs and symptoms. The similarity ends, however, when one considers their disparate biologic behavior. Polyps are associated with atopy, infection, and some metabolic, systemic disorders, whereas papillomas are enigmatic in pathogenesis and do not have an association with possible precursor disorders. While recurrences of nasal polyps may be an annoyance for the patient, such recurrences lack the local aggressiveness of the papilloma. Malignancies are rare in nasal polyps, whereas the frequency of malignancies in papillomas is both statistically and biologically significant. In this report, selected aspects of nasal polyps are considered and serve to contrast with the clinicopathologic evaluation of epithelial papillomas.
Relative risk factors in the treatment of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma
Authors: Cummings B. J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe potentially fatal complications associated with surgery and radiation therapy in the management of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) are analyzed. Quantitative risk factors established from review of the literature suggest a risk of potentially fatal complications of 1 in 3,000 from general anesthesia, 1 in 1,600 from arteriography, 1 in 160 from blood transfusion, and 1 in 500 from the surgical procedure itself. The total of these risks is comparable to the 1% lifetime risk of developing a radiation‐induced tumor after radiation therapy. The time pattern of these complications differs in that fatal radiation‐induced complications are delayed, whereas the risks associated with surgery, general anesthesia, and blood transfusion are more immediate. However, it is suggested that treatment‐related risks of fatal complications are of a similar order of magnitude for surgery and for radiation therapy in the management of JNA.
Trapezius osteomyocutaneous island flap for reconstruction of the anterior floor of the mouth and the mandible
Authors: Panje William , Cutting Court 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe anterior mandible defect following cancer excision presents a formidable reconstructive challenge. A trapezius osteomyocutaneous island flap based on the transverse cervical vessels is described which allows immediated reconstruction of the entire defect. The various classes of bone flaps retaining an intact vascular pedicle are discussed. The osseous extension of the trapezius island flap appears to be adequately perfused. The anatomy involved and the orthopedic sequelae of using this flap are discussed.
The fourth branchial cleft anomaly
Authors: Shugar Martin A. , Healy Gerald B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe fourth branchial cleft anomaly has long been postulated. A case in which a lower neck sinus tract extended under the clavicle near the subclavian vessels is presented. The distinguishing features of bronchogenic and branchogenic anomalies are discussed. It appears that unless a complication (e.g., abscess, inflammatory process) of the fourth branchial cleft sinus tract occurs within the mediastinum, mandating full exploration, the complete form of the anomaly may continue to remain undocumented.
Transnasal correction of choanal atresia
Authors: Feuerstein Sidney S. , Krespi Yosef P. , Sachdev Ranjit K. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA simple life‐saving modification of the transnasal approach, which does not require endotracheal anesthesia or preoperative tracheostomy, is described. The use of polyethylene tubes, flanged at the distal end and split at the proximal end, is the most significant feature of this technique. In 14 of the 16 cases of choanal atresia presented, this was the definitive corrective procedure, and further revisions or a later transpalatal approach were not required. The advantages of this technique are that it is simple, it may be used in the first 24 hours of life or at any age, the patient may be released from the hospital in 1 to 2 weeks, and minimal postoperative care is required.
The pathology of head and neck tumors: Fibroadipose tissue and skeletal muscle, part 8
Authors: Batsakis John G. , Regezi Joseph A. , Rice Dale H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBenign and malignant tumors originating from mesenchymal cells destined to become lipoblasts and myoblasts affect the head and neck with contrasting frequencies. Lipomas and especially liposarcomas are unusual lesions above the clavicles but when found there behave in a biologic manner identical to that of their counter‐parts at other anatomic sites. Myogenic tumors, on the other hand, have a predilection for the head and neck, and for rhabdomyosarcomas this predilection is accentuated in childhood. Combination therapy of rhabdomyosarcomas has obviated radical surgery as a method of treatment, and many sites in the head and neck have benefited prognostically by this treatment. Success, however, is dependent on clinical stage of disease, and rhabdomyosarcomas of the nasopharynx, paranasal sinuses, and middle ear remain more resistant to short‐term cures because of the extent of the neoplasm. A review of the clinicopathologic aspects of granular‐cell tumors and alveolar soft‐part sarcomas is also presented because it has been suggested that these tumors have a myogenous origin.
The abnormal temporal bone in the “normal” deaf
Authors: Unger June M. , Shaffer Katherine A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis study is concerned with the incidence and type of temporal bone anomalies that might be present in persons who, apart from their deafness, are normal. It also attempts to correlate demonstrated abnormalities with the etiology of deafness. Review of the results will permit a reassessment of the value of roentgenographic studies in the routine evaluation of deaf children. One hundred and four deaf students, 3 to 21 years of age, were studied by physical examination, audiometry, and temporal bone tomography. A pertinent history was requested, and appropriate medical records were obtained. Roentgenographically demonstrable abnormalities of the temporal bones were present in 19 students (18%) or 28 temporal bones (13%). Meningitis was the only entity to which a specific pathologic change could be ascribed. The number of abnormalities found in this population was significant and should re‐emphasize the importance of temporal bone tomography in the total evaluation of deaf children.
Pitfalls in posterior fossa myelography
Authors: Johnson Dexter W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPositive‐contrast myelography of the structures of the posterior fossa is an established and useful technique of examination. The problems peculiar to this method of examination include premyelographic evaluation, identifying pre‐existing posttraumatic change and extreme anatomic variations, handling the anxieties of the patient, transporting the opaque bolus from the site of introduction to the area of interest, adequate film documentation of the normal or pathologic state, and postmyelogram headache. A discussion of ways to anticipate and eliminate or minimize the problems is presented.
Therapeutic aspects of maxillonasal dysostosis (binder syndrome)
Authors: Tessier P. , Tulasne J. F. , Delaire J. , Resche F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTreatment of maxillonasal dysostosis (Binder syndrome) varies according to the age of the patient. In the newborn, respiratory and alimentary problems resulting from the anomaly may necessitate the insertion of endonasal and gastric tubes. In children, occlusal problems and orofacial dysfunctions caused by maxillonasal dysostosis should be treated as soon as possible with an orthodontic mask. Once a patient reaches adulthood, surgery may be performed. If orthodontic treatment has been successful and there is normal occlusion, the surgery may consist simply of placing the muscles of the nose and upper lip in normal anatomic position. If occlusion is abnormal, osteotomy may be performed.
Management of thyroid nodules. I: History and physical examination, blood tests, x‐ray tests, and ultrasonography
Authors: Ashcraft Michael W. , Van Herle Andre J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe approach to the management of the thyroid nodule remains controversial. Confusion exists because virtually any thyroidal disease can present as a clinically solitary nodule which means there is no uniformity regarding natural history, incidence, prevalence, epidemiology, and patho‐physiology. The variety of definitions of thyroid nodules and thyroid carcinoma and the different modes of study selection and individual bias add to the confusion. Diagnostic approaches have not yielded a completely reliable technique to differentiate benign from malignant thyroidal disease. A history of neck irradiation or cervical lymphadenopathy significantly increases the chance of thyroid malignancy, but other parameters of the history or physical examination as well as blood tests are unreliable. Ultrasound displays anatomic but not histologic features. X‐ray techniques (plain films, computed tomographic scans, xeroradiography, chest x‐ray, barium swallow, lymphography, and angiography) have been used to visualize thyroid nodules, with some techniques proving more useful than others.
The pathology of head and neck tumors: Vasoformative tumors, part 9A
Authors: Batsakis John G. , Rice Dale H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTumors originating from components of the vascular system vary widely in the degree of morbidity and mortality that they incur. They all have endothelial cells as integral components of their histologic appearance. Vasoformative tumors include hemangiomas, lymphangiomas, and pyogenic granulomas, which are relatively common, and hemangiopericytomas, glomus tumors, and angiosarcomas, which are relatively uncommon. For many vasoformative tumors, including lymphogenous lesions, the head and neck is an area of predilection, and, in some instances, location in the head and neck appears to modify biologic activity.
Benign symmetrical lipomatosis (madelung's disease)
Authors: Argenta Louis C. , McClatchey Kenneth D. , Ferrell William J. , Newman M. Haskell 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwo patients with benign symmetrical lipomatosis (Madelung's disease) have been followed for 7 and 9 years. Despite extensive surgical procedures, both patients have developed multiple recurrences. Lipomas and normal adipose tissue from the same patients were compared using chromatographic techniques. The lipomas contained significantly increased triglyceride fractions. Conservative surgical debulking is the recommended treatment.
The pathology of head and neck tumors: Vasoformative tumors, part 9B
Authors: Batsakis John G. , Rice Dale H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThere are three principal malignant vasoformative tumors that can be found in the head and neck—hemangiopericytoma, angiosarcoma, and Kaposi's sarcoma. All are uncommon and provide challenges for the pathologist and the therapist both. The histogenesis of each tumor is different. Kaposi's sarcoma has many features which suggest that it is an altered immune‐response disease. Angiosarcoma is a malignancy of endothelium. Hemangiopericytoma is a tumor whose cell of origin is considered to be the perithelial pericyte. The general prognosis for patients with Kaposi's sarcoma is good. The biologic course of a hemangiopericytoma is variable and unpredictable, but there appears to be a site dependency. Angiosarcomas, particularly high grade lesions, are resistant to therapy.
Mediastinitis and bilateral pyopneumothorax complicating a parapharyngeal abscess
Authors: Eliachar Isaac , Peleg Haran , Joachims Henry Z. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA 38‐year‐old male suffered from mediastinitis, pericarditis, and bilateral sudden pyopneumothorax as a complication of a parapharyngeal abscess that ruptured into the hypopharynx. The full diagnosis remained obscure until the complete clinical picture evolved. Antibiotics and pleural and cervical drainage failed to alleviate the symptoms. Recovery commenced only after tamponade of the retropharyngeal space, which terminated the flow of air and saliva from the neck to the thorax. The anatomic relation of the spaces concerned are discussed, as well as the therapeutic and surgical approaches. The importance of the retropharyngeal space, which may serve as a conduit between the neck and the mediastinum, is pointed out.
The pathology of head and neck tumors: Carcinoma of the nasopharynx, part 11
Authors: Batsakis John G. , Solomon Alvin R. , Rice Dale H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe past decade has witnessed extraordinary advances in the epidemiology, virology, and immunology of carcinomas of the nasopharynx. There has not been a parallel growth in the study of morphologic expressions of the neoplasms. In great part, this has been due to a lack of a universally accepted histologic classification. As a consequence, correlation between histology and other factors relating to the pathogenesis of these neoplasms has been impeded. The World Health Organization (WHO) has proposed a histologic classification of nasopharyngeal carcinomas as squamous‐cell, nonkeratinizing, and undifferentiated. This report presents an argument in favor of using the WHO classification and a hypothesis relating to the histogenesis of the 3 types of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
Reconstruction of the trachea after resection for neoplasm
Authors: Grillo Hermes C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSixty‐three patients with primary tracheal tumors were seen in a 15‐year period. The most common lesion was squamous‐cell carcinoma, the next most common lesion was adenoid cystic carcinoma, and the remaining lesions were a variety of malignant and benign lesions. There were 3 carcinoid tumors in the group. Twenty‐four cylindrical resections of the trachea, 2 lateral resections of the trachea, and 10 carinal reconstructions were performed. The balance of the patients seen in this period of time were not amenable to single‐stage reconstruction and were managed by staged procedures, by irradiation, or by no treatment at all. Twenty‐eight of the patients in the group with resections had primary tumors and 8 had secondary tumors. Secondary tumors included carcinoma of the thyroid, carcinoma of the esophagus, and recurrent carcinoid tumor in the left main bronchus. Although the numbers in any group are small and the period of follow‐up not very long, indications are that surgical removal of squamous‐cell carcinoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma of the trachea, usually with adjunctive irradiation, provides good palliation or the possibility of cure. Resection of benign primary tumors and low‐grade malignant tumors resulted in excellent palliation and usually cure. Resection of selected secondary tumors did not offer much prospect for cure but did provide long‐term palliation.
A method for combined dacryocystorhinostomy with external ethmoidectomy
Authors: Wilson William R. , Grove Arthur S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSevere polypoid rhinosinusitis requiring external ethmoid surgery may be seen in conjunction with partial or complete nasolacrimal obstruction. When this obstruction is associated with persistent, unresolved lacrimal symptoms, it is sometimes appropriate to combine surgical procedures, thereby avoiding separate lacrimal surgery. A method combining dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) with external ethmoidectomy is described. The anatomy involved in this procedure and the indications for it are discussed.
Reconstruction of the laryngotracheal complex in children using the sternocleidomastoid myocutaneous flap
Authors: Eliachar I. , Moscona A. R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractLaryngotracheal stenosis in children should be treated effectively with minimal delay, and the tracheostomy should be closed within a reasonable period after surgery so that the child may develop normal speech and language. Successful reconstruction of the laryngotracheal complex was achieved by applying the superiorly based compound myocutaneous sternocleidomastoid muscle flap for wedge enhancement and resurfacing of the endolaryngeal and endotracheal lumen. A short stenting period, incorporating a custom‐carved soft silicone laryngeal stent in direct continuity with an oversized silicone T‐tube, helped in stabilizing the airway and ensuring good take of the flap. Postoperative recovery was relatively short, with good ventilation and vocal results. This single‐stage technique may be readily performed, and it interferes minimally with the child's development.
Intraneural and perineural epithelial structures
Authors: Wysocki George P. , Wright Bruce A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe fact that numerous embryologic epithelial remnants are a normal occurrence in the oral region is well known. That some of these epithelial remnants occur within peripheral nerves is less well known. This study presents examples of intraneural epithelial rests from 3 different anatomic sites: the soft tissues of the jaws (a juxtaoral organ of Chievitz), the posterior maxilla (an odontogenic rest), and the anterior maxilla (a nasopalatine duct remnant). The purpose of this paper is to draw the attention of surgical pathologists to this phenomenon in the head and neck in order to avoid extensive unnecessary surgery.
The management of carcinoma of the nasal vestibule
Authors: Kagan A. Robert , Nussbaum Herman , Rao A. , Chan P. , Gilbert H. , Hintz B. , Ryoo M. , Miles J. , Rice D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractForty‐two patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the nasal vestibule were reviewed. The patients were treated at either the Southern California Permanente Medical Group or the UCLA Medical Center. Thirty‐eight patients (90%) had early lesions and 4 (10%) had late disease (involving the nodes or bone). The following conclusions were formed from this study: (1) Patients without bone destruction or lymph node metastases will do well with either irradiation or surgery. Those with bone destruction or lymph node metastases will do poorly in spite of radical treatment. (2) Early lesions can often be cured with either partial rhinectomy or irradiation. (3) A surgical recurrence following partial rhinectomy can be salvaged with irradiation. (4) A radiation recurrence of an early lesion can be salvaged with surgery. (5) The routine use of total rhinectomy for early carcinoma or radiation failure is unwarranted. (6) Other primary cancers are not uncommon when followup is extended to the 5‐ to 10‐year interval.
Head and neck neoplasia following irradiation for benign conditions
Authors: Scanlon Edward F. , Sener Stephen F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA retrospective review of 143 patients with head or neck tumors who had received radiation therapy in the head and neck area for benign conditions during childhood or adolescence was conducted. This included an analysis of 1,080 patients from the Evanston Hospital Irradiated Thyroid Evaluation Clinic, which was established to define the relationship between irradiation and the subsequent development of thyroid neoplasia. The data support the following concepts of irradiation‐induced neoplasia: (1) The thyroid, parathyroid, and salivary glands can develop benign and malignant changes after irradiation for benign conditions, with latent periods averaging about 30 years; (2) Once a glandular abnormality within the irradiated field appears, the risk of other glands in the field developing neoplastic changes is significantly increased.
Florid dermal cylindroma (turban tumor)
Authors: Fabian Richard L. , Shugar Martin A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA florid case of dermal cylindroma is presented as representative of the natural history and usual clinical findings in a patient afflicted by this tumorous growth. Although histologically and clinically benign, dermal cylindroma can result in considerable disfigurement of the patient. Treatment varies from isolated primary resection to serial resections with subsequent electrocautery or cryosurgery for small recurrences. Total scalping with skin grafting is reserved for only the most severe cases where normal integument has been completely involved by the disease process.
Recent advances in radiation therapy of head and neck cancer
Authors: Seagren Stephen L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe major advances in radiation oncology in this century was the development of megavoltage radiation in the 1950s, which greatly expanded the clinical utility of ionizing radiation in the treatment of many forms of cancer, including cancers of the head and neck. The combination of radiation and surgery for improved control of local and regional cancers followed. The use of interstitial implant therapy is growing rapidly because of new materials and techniques, thus expanding the radio‐therapeutic options available to the oncologist. Investigations into several other therapeutic modalities currently are being carried out. These modalities include the use of particle radiation, oxygen‐mimicking drugs, and hyperthermia, primarily in efforts to overcome the need for the oxygen effect in tumors. New uses of chemotherapy in combination with radiation also are being explored. Details of these activities within the field of radiation oncology are discussed.
Recent advances in facial nerve surgery
Authors: Crumley Roger L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA review of the recent literature on surgery of the facial nerve is presented. Developments in the treatment of hemifacial spasm, nerve grafting, reanimation surgery, and diagnostic testing are described. Reports of facial paralysis following mandibular fractures are included. The roles of brain stem evoked response (BSER) audiometry, electroneuronography, and CT scanning in the evaluation of facial nerve disorders are noted.
Ultrasonography in the preoperative evaluation of neck abscesses
Authors: Kreutzer Erik W. , Jafek Bruce W. , Johnson Michael L. , Zunkel David E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractForty consecutive probable neck abscesses were evaluated prospectively with ultrasonography to determine the necessity and timing of surgical drainage, and the results were correlated with the physical and operative findings. Ultrasonography was found to be superior to physical examination in predicting the presence (or absence) of pus in these cases.
Chondromyxoid fibroma of the jaws
Authors: Thompson Stevan H. , Weathers Dwight R. , Vatral John J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA new case of chondromyxoid fibroma of the jaws is reported, and the current world literature on chondromyxoid fibroma is reviewed. Chondromyxoid fibroma is a rare tumor arising from cartilage‐forming mesenchymal tissue. In the long bones, it has frequently been confused with chondrosarcoma or benign chondroblastoma. When it occurs in the jaws, apparent confusion with myxomas or myxofibromas may result. In the jaws the neoplasm typically occurs in the mandible. Initial symptoms are pain or a slowly growing expansile mass. After evaluation of the natural history of these lesions, a conservative approach to surgical therapy is advocated.