bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrocardiographic changes following adriamycin treatment
Authors: Dindogru Aydin , Barcos Maurice , Henderson Edward S. , Wallace H. James 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwo hundred and fifty‐six patients with a wide variety of advanced neoplasms who were treated with adriamycin at Roswell Park Memorial Institute were studied for electrocardiographic changes. All the patients had pre‐ and posttreatment electrocardiograms (ECG's) and changes were found in 85 (33.2%). In the group of 168 patients with normal pretreatment ECG's, changes occurred in 51 (30.3%). In the group of 88 patients who had abnormal pretreatment ECG's, 34 (38.6%) developed further changes following treatment. Twenty‐five patients received cytoxan concomitantly and ECG changes developed in 12 (48%); however, this and the above differences were not statistically significant. Frequency of ECG changes was higher and the extent of histologic abnormality in the myocardium was greater in those patients who received high doses of adriamycin. Arrythmias were rather benign and only a small number of patients required treatment. ECG changes following adriamycin treatment occurred more frequently than previously reported.
Malignant lymphoma associated with marked eosinophilia
Authors: Bennett Allen , Bennett Leslie , Rosner Fred , Korman Samuel 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA 60‐year‐old black man with poorly differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma presented with generalized lymphadenopathy and marked eosinophilia. Extensive evaluation of the eosinophils revealed them to be normal morphologically and functionally. The patient responded to corticosteroid therapy with resolution of the lymphadenopathy and reversion of the peripheral blood counts to normal limits. Recurrence of the original clinical picture within months prompted institution of systemic chemotherapy. Response was transient, and the patient expired after an unremitting downhill course. Recent advances in our knowledge of mechanisms of eosinophilia and eosinophil function are reviewed. The relationship of lymphoma to eosinophilia is discussed.
High‐dose methotrexate for the remission induction of refractory adult acute lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Peterson Bruce A. , Bloomfield Clara D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSix adults with refractory acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) were treated with high‐dose methotrexate, citrovorum factor, and vincristine. All patients had previously received extensive treatment with standard therapeutic agents, including vincristine, and all but one had received prior methotrexate. Two patients achieved complete remission and one achieved partial remission. Responses were seen at 3–6 gm/m2 of methotrexate. The durations of remission were 7–10 weeks. High‐dose methotrexate with citrovorum factor is effective in the treatment of advanced ALL and should be considered for inclusion in initial combination chemotherapeutic regimens for adult ALL.
The effects of prior exposure to bleomycin on the incidence of pulmonary toxicities in a group of patients with disseminated testicular carcinomas
Authors: Crooke Stanley T. , Einhorn Lawrence H. , Comis Robert L. , D'Aoust Joan C. , Prestayko Archie W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe incidence of pulmonary toxicities in 12 patients with prior exposure to bleomycin (BLM) was compared to the incidence of pulmonary toxicities in a matched group of 73 patients with stage III or IV testicular carcinomas treated with a regimen containing vinblastine, bleomycin, and cis‐diamminedichloroplatinum. The comparison demonstrates that prior exposure to bleomycin constitutes a significant risk factor and that the risk is additive; ie, prior doses should be added to current doses to determine the cumulative dose‐related probability of development of pulmonary toxicities.
Resistance of human tumors to cancer chemotherapeutic agents: An important research problem
Authors: Bertino J. R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe mechanisms whereby malignant cells become biochemically resistant to anti‐cancer drugs are surveyed, with emphasis on human tumors. Metho‐trexate is used as a model to illustrate the mechanisms of resistance that can occur, and how cells can increase their production of dihyrofolate reductase, the target enzyme. Drug resistance remains one of the major impediments to the successful use of chemotherapy for neoplastic diseases.
Nephroblastoma (Wilms tumor): Tubule density and prognosis
Authors: Chambers C. H. , Camitta B. M. , Garg U. , Tang T. T. , McCreadie S. R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRelative differences in tubule density of the primary tumors have been suggested to be prognostically useful in nephroblastoma (Wilms tumor). Forty cases from our institution were retrospectively graded according to tubule density. There were significant differences in disease‐free survivals between histologic grades. When compared to other clinical and pathologic staging criteria, tubule density was not more useful prognostically than the staging systems tested. However, when used in conjunction with clinical or pathologic stage, tumor grade improved prognostic sensitivity. Regardless of grade or stage, patients less than 24‐months‐old at diagnosis had better disease‐free survival.
Steroid receptors study in breast carcinoma
Authors: Lee Yeu‐Tsu N. , Markland Francis S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEstrogen receptors (ER) were measured on specimens taken from 27 patients with benign breast conditions and 109 patients with breast cancer. Using sucrose gradient assay, 15% (4/27) of benign lesions and 56% (61/109) of malignant tumors were estrogen receptor‐positive (ER‐positive means 8S or 8S+4S levels more than 7 fmoles/mg cytosol protein). Progesterone receptors (PR) were tested on specimens from 28 patients and 39% (10/26) of the cancers were PR‐positive. ER protein activity was not correlated with stage, histology, size of primary lesions, or extent of axillary or distant metastasis. Tumors with low ER levels are more likely to recur, and recurrent tumors after longer disease‐free intervals are more likely to be ER‐positive. Detailed analysis showed that ER levels did correlate with age and serum albumin levels. Concentrations of serum α1‐globulin were decreased, while IgG and IgM were significantly increased among patients with positive ERs. Eighteen evaluable patients with advanced breast cancer had endocrine therapy, 13 had objective response. Twelve of these 13 had 8S receptor above 10 fmoles/mg, or 4S above 15 moles/mg, or 8S+4S above 25 fmoles/mg. The one exceptional patient had tumor with high PR but without detectable ER.
Cytokinetic studies in children with untreated acute lymphocytic leukaemia (ALL): Relationship to “T” cell markers
Authors: Ekert H. , Dobrostanski B. , Jose D. G. , Waters K. D. , Ellis W. M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe labelling index (LI), mitotic index (MI) of marrow lymphoblasts and the percent of peripheral blood lymphocytes and lymphoblasts that form rosettes with sheep red cells at 4°C (“T4”), were measured at presentation in 33 children with ALL. There was a significant correlation between LI and MI, but no significant correlations between them and the total white cell count at diagnosis or the “T4” percent. Three patients had > 55% “T4” rosettes and showed increased LI and MI, and 2 have relapsed; 12 had < 20% “T4” rosettes, showed an increased LI (LI > 8% in 8 of 12) but not MI, and 5 have relapsed; 18 had 20–55% “T4” rosettes and generally had the lowest LI (LI < 8% in 11 of 18), and only 3 have relapsed. Our findings suggest that patients with high and low percentage of “T4” rosettes in the peripheral blood have an increased fraction of leukaemic cells in DNA synthesis and have a diminished chance of prolonged remission.
Characteristics of long‐term survivors in AML
Authors: Oliff Allen , Poplack David 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe examined the records of all patients with a diagnosis of acute myelogenous leukemia or acute myelo‐monocytic leukemia seen between 1963–1975. Of 211 patients, 12 are alive and in complete remission from 179‐48 months since diagnosis. Life table analysis reveals a survival plateau of 4–5% after five years. Three of the survivors have suffered relapses but still survive without evidence of disease. The clinical and laboratory characteristics of all the survivors are presented. The survivors have a significantly younger age at diagnosis than the nonsurvivors (P < 0.005). However, no other factors could be identified as characteristic of the survivors' group.
4‐aminoimidazole‐5‐carboxamide excretion in acute leukemia
Authors: Johnson Helen , Lapin Charles 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe urinary excretion of 4‐aminimidazole‐5‐carboxamide (AIC) has been reported to be increased in children with acute leukemia and has been correlated with disease status. Using a modification of the method of Skibba et al [5], determinations were made on urine from 26 children with acute leukemia. The urine from ten normal children served as controls. The effect of chemotherapy on urinary AIC was studied comparing patients on vincristine and prednisone (V+P) with those on 6‐mercaptopurine, methotrexate, and cyclophosphamide (Triple Rx). Patients in remission on Triple Rx had lower levels of urinary AIC than did patients on Triple Rx in relapse or patients on V+ P in either remission or relapse. Twenty patients had sequential measurements. Values for individual patients were not predictive of disease status. One such patient is described. This study demonstrates that chemotherapy, as well as disease status, affects the urinary excretion of AIC in children with acute leukemia.
EST 0469B—comparison of high‐ and low‐dose cyclophosphamide in human lung cancer
Authors: Hall Thomas C. , Pocock Stuart , Brodovsky Harvey , Horton John , Shnider Bruce I. , Colsky Jacob , Oberfield Richard A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA controlled trial of high‐intermittent vs low‐chronic dose cyclophosphamide in human lung cancer failed to show the benefits reported in noncontrolled trials. There were no differences in toxicity observed.
Increasing incidence of gram‐positive sepsis in cancer patients
Authors: Pizzo P. A. , Ladisch S. , Simon R. M. , Gill F. , Levine A. S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA review of the agents causing septicemia in cancer patients during a nine‐year period (1968–76) revealed that gram‐positive organisms (especially S aureus) have become the most frequent isolates during the last two years. This unanticipated increase (P < 0.001) in the number of gram‐positive isolates could not be related to horizontal transmission nor to changes in patient characteristics or therapy.
The effect of methanol extraction residue of BCG on the cellular immune response in patients with malignant melanoma
Authors: Bartal Arie , Cohen Yoram , Mekori Tamar , Haasz Robert , Robinson E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwenty‐one patients with malignant melanoma stage III and IV were treated by intradermal injections of MER ‐ methanol extraction residue of Baccillus Calmette‐Gurin (BCG). Twelve of the patients, all with active disease, received chemotherapy in addition. Tests of skin reactivity to recall antigens and in vitro lymphocyte transformation by phytohemagglutinin (PHA), purified protein derivative (PPD), Canadidine, and Varidase were performed in 19 of the patients before and after the MER therapy. The skin reactivity improved in 8 patients, 5 patients maintained their cutaneous competence, 3 remained incompetent, and in 3 other patients a decrease in reactivity occurred. Improvement or maintenance of cutaneous response was more common in stage III than in stage IV patients. The in vitro lymphocyte stimulation tests have shown that reactivity increased or remained at a high level in 9 of 11 patients in stage III. It dropped or remained low in 2 patients in respect to all antigens used in spite of repeated MER injections. In most patients with stage IV disease no improvement could be detected. MER seems to be a potent immunostimulator in patients in stage III. The side effects were tolerable in all patients and consisted of local reactions and influenza‐like symptoms. In 4 patients treated with MER by intralesional injections, transiet flattening of nodules occurred but no complete regression was observed.
Combination chemotherapy for non‐Hodgkin lymphomas: A ten year follow‐up study
Authors: Hayes Donald M. , Pajak Thomas F. , Rege Vishram , Falkson Geoffrey , Spurr Charles L. , Silver Richard T. , Nissen Nis I. , Harley John B. , Cuttner Janet , Glidewell Oliver , Holland James F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn 1968 the Cancer and Acute Leukemia Group B (CALGB) demonstrated optimal control of disseminated non‐Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) with vincristine‐prednisone induction followed by cyclophosphamide maintenance. A study was then begun to determine whether four drugs in combination or sequence could achieve greater control. NHL patients at each participating CALGB institution were randomly assigned to one of three regimens: I) Cyclic vincristine‐streptonigrin alternating every 2 weeks with cyclophosphamide‐prednisone up to 155 days; II) Sequential treatment with the same 4 drugs taken singly up to 182 days; and III) Vincristine‐prednisone induction for 6 weeks followed by cyclophosphamide maintenance. Results are now reported after a 10 year follow‐up period. The 203 evaluable patients are those on whom Rappaport histopathologic classification was available. Frequency of complete response did not differ significantly among the three regimens: I) 38%; II) 30%; and III) 45%. Remission durations were significantly longer among patients receiving maintenance therapy. After ten years, two patients from Regimen I, one from Regimen II, and five from Regimen III remain alive and well. It was concluded that neither of the four‐drug regimens conferred a significant advantage in terms of response rate or survival time over the standard treatment.
Thirty‐six‐hour preoperative high‐dose methotrexate infusion in patients with squamous carcinoma of the head and neck
Authors: Hande K. R. , Chretien P. B. , Elias E. G. , Goldberg N. H. , Brooks A. E. , Chabner B. A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwenty 36‐hour infusions of high‐dose methotrexate were given preoperatively to 10 patients with head and neck cancer. Plasma methotrexate levels of greater than 1 × 10−5 M were maintained for 36 hours and declined with primary and secondary plasma half‐lives of 1.7 and 9.2 hours following the end of the infusion. Toxicity of this infusion regimen was minimal (10% incidence of significant (WBC <2000/mm3) myelosuppression; no renal toxicity) and all patients underwent surgical resection within 3 weeks of therapy without obvious increase in operative complications. Four of ten patients responded to chemotherapy. Further comparison of the therapeutic efficacy of this prolonged preoperative infusion regimen with surgery alone or schedules employing conventional doses or 6‐hour infusions of high‐dose methotrexate appears warranted.
Bone marrow biopsy in children: A study of 111 patients
Authors: Cozzutto C. , de Bernardi B. , Comelli A. , Guarino M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractClosed trephine needle biopsy of the bone marrow has become an established procedure in the evaluation of many malignant and benign diseases in adults; however, its role in pediatric pathology has not yet been defined.In the period from February 1974 to April 1978 we have performed 164 such biopsies in 111 children under 15 years of age. A representative specimen has been obtained in over 80% of cases. This series included, in order of frequency, non‐Hodgkin lymphomas, Hodgkin lymphomas, aplastic anemias, rhabdomyosarcomas, neuroblastomas, miscellaneous solid tumors, and single cases of histiocytosis X, malignant histiocytosis, sarcoidosis, malignant histiocytoma, and Castleman lymphoma of the hyaline‐vascular type.Histology has been found superior to cytology in the detection of neuroblastoma invasion; the evaluation of the true cellularity in aplastic anemia, and the detection of granulomatous tissue in the only case of sarcoidosis. In other diseases histology and cytology gave similar information, except for the few cases of acute leukemia in partial relapse, which has been better defined in the aspirate smears than in the core specimen.Further evaluation of this technique in other patient series appears advisable.
Granulocyte transfusions in infected neutropenic children with malignancies
Authors: Steinherz Peter G. , Reich Lilian M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThirty‐six febrile neutropenic episodes were treated by granulocyte transfusions in 33 children. Septicemia and mucous membrane ulcerations were most commonly associated with the fever. Infection cleared in 81% of the episodes, eight per cent ended in death from bacterial infections, 11% from nonbacterial infections or hemorrhage. The median number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes given was 1.1 × 1010/m2/transfusion. Two to twenty‐eight (median 8.5) transfusions were given over 3–34 days (median 10.5). The source of cells (parental or random) and the method of collection did not seem to affect the outcome. None of the 23 patients whose marrow recovered during the transfusions died of bacterial infections. Infection cleared even without marrow recovery in 62% of the patients, but then only 25% lived for more than two months after clearing of sepsis. In a subgroup of patients with nonlymphoblastic leukemia on the same chemotherapy and antibiotic treatment protocol, 8/11 (73%) survived bacteremia when white cell support was available; only 2/11 (18%) of a historical control group survived when such support was not available. Granulocyte support appears to be a valuable tool in helping neutropenic patients overcome their infections or, at the very least, helping them survive long enough for normal marrow recovery to occur.
Role of peritoneoscopy in the postoperative evaluation and treatment of adenocarcinoma of the exocrine pancreas
Authors: Bender Richard A. , Brereton Harmar D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOur experience with peritoneoscopy in the postoperative staging and evaluation of ten patients with locally unresectable adenocarcinoma of the exocrine pancreas is presented. In contrast to the German experience with previously unexplored patients, the pancreas was visualized only 30% of the time and biopsy was not possible for technical reasons. Based on our experience in these ten patients, postoperative peritoneoscopy for staging or for following the effectiveness of treatment is of limited value in carcinoma of the pancreas. Preoperative evaluation of this technique deserves greater attention.
Abnormal lymphocyte function in childhood leukemia
Authors: Zusman Jaime , Nesbit Mark E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractLymphocyte function was evaluated in 26 untreated children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and 5 patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) by stimulation with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) in dose‐ and time‐response studies. The response to PHA correlated positively with the percentage of lymphocytes (r = + 0.786) and negatively with the percentage of lymphoblasts (r = − 0.728).Sixteen patients with a WBC < 20,000/cu mm (51 ± 5% lymphocytes, 28 ± 7% lymphoblasts, and 39 ± 20% T cells) responded normally (81,156 ± 8,229 cpm) on the fourth or fifth day of culture. Ten patients with a WBC > 20,000/cu mm (10 ± 3% lymphocytes, 88 ± 4% lymphoblasts and 18 ± 28% T cells) had a significantly lower response to PHA on these days (13,609 ± 5,568 cpm).Six of the ten high‐WBC patients had a delayed peak response on the sixth or seventh day of culture. This abnormal response to PHA is similar to that which has been described in patients with chronic lymphatic leukemia and is at least partially due to the dilution of a normal lymphocyte population by the proliferation of a population of non‐PHA‐responsive lymphoblasts.The remaining four high‐WBC patients had flat PHA dose‐ and time‐response curves and a poorer clinical course. Two of them had T‐cell leukemia. The absence of response to PHA in these children may characterize a group of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who are immunodeficient at the time of diagnosis and may reflect the presence of a unique population of lymphoblasts with suppressor activity.
The prognostic value of serum lysozyme activity in acute myelogenous leukemia
Authors: Alsabti Elias 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSerum lysozyme activity was measured in samples from adult patients with acute leukemia, malignant tumors, and in normal adults. Twenty‐eight adult patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) had significantly elevated levels of lysozyme at diagnosis, and none of the adults fell within the normal range. Thirty‐two patients with AML in complete remission had lysozyme levels comparable to normal adults, whereas patients with AML in relapse (eight cases) also had abnormally high levels of lysozyme activity. Ten patients with AML in remission and off therapy also had normal lysozyme levels. Three patients with acute lymphatic leukemia had normal lysozyme levels, while one child with monomyelocytic leukemia had substantially elevated lysozyme levels before treatment. It seems that in patients in remission and with normal blood values, the serum lysozyme activity is valuable for monitoring the remission.
Naked megakaryocyte nuclei revisited
Authors: Spanos George , Kalra Jagmohan , Rosner Fred 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBone marrow smears from 35 patients with various neoplasms and from 32 control patients were examined for the presence and percentage of naked megakaryocyte nuclei (NMN). The percentages of NMN in the two groups did not significantly differ. We conclude that the enumeration of NMN is of no value as a diagnostic test of malignancy.
Pulmonary toxicity from carmustine (BCNU): A case report
Authors: Weiss Raymond B. , Shah Sheila , Shane Stanley R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA patient who had a pneumonectomy for lung carcinoma was treated with carmustine when brain metastases developed. His pulmonary function was mildly compromised prior to the pneumonectomy by many years of smoking. After six months of carmustine therapy [total dose: 2,250 mg (1,200 mg/m2)] he developed interstitial pulmonary fibrosis with histologic changes consistent with drug toxicity. With seven previously reported cases of this drug effect and the addition of our case, carmustine must be added to the list of cancer chemotherapeutic agents that can cause pulmonary toxicity.
A study of transfer factor for opportunistic infections in cancer patients
Authors: Ketchel Steven J. , Rodriguez Victorio , Stone Anita , Gutterman Jordan U. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAlthough supportive care during therapy of patients with malignancies has improved, infection remains the major cause of death in these patients. The problem of „opportunistic”︁ infections is becoming more apparent as better antibiotics are found. The control of these infections depends in part on mechanisms of cell‐mediated immunity. It has been demonstrated that delayed‐type hypersensitivity can be transferred from one person to another. Therefore, we used transfer factor in the treatment of 15 patients, most with leukemia, who had fungal, viral, or mycobacterial infections that were not responding to conventional therapy. Seven of ten evaluable patients had therapeutic control of their infections while receiving transfer factor. Transfer factor appears to have contributed to these clinical improvements and is a modality of treatment that deserves further investigation.