bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
809 Isotonic Medium Treatment Improves Burn Wound Healing Potential in Larval Zebrafish and Human Skin Explants
Authors: Horn Adam , Zajac Jocelyn C , Hou Yiran , Pashaj Joana , Gibson Angela , Huttenlocher Anna 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Larval zebrafish have been widely adopted as a model to study tissue repair and regeneration. Due to their optical transparency, larval zebrafish are amenable to live imaging, which enables real-time investigation of early tissue dynamics following injury. Here, we utilized a previously developed method of burning larval zebrafish to investigate how epithelial tissue responds to injury. We find that aberrant keratinocyte dynamics and signaling contribute to long-term damage in burn wounded tissue, but treatment with isotonic medium limited overall tissue damage by targeting keratinocyte behavior. Finally, we assessed the utility of isotonic medium to treat human burns using an ex vivo skin culture model.

Methods
Intravital imaging of transgenic larval zebrafish was performed to identify how epithelial tissue responds to burn injury in real-time. To test the efficacy of isotonic medium for the treatment of burn injury in humans, cultured skin explants were treated topically with saline for 24 hours after burn using a previously developed method.

Results
Burn wounding of larval zebrafish expressing the photoconvertible protein Dendra in keratinocytes revealed the formation of burn wounding zones analogous to the Jackson’s zones of coagulation and stasis. Further investigation revealed that aberrant keratinocyte migration contributes to burn wound damage characterized by chronic oxidative stress. This resulted in loss of keratinocytes in the purported “zone of stasis” in zebrafish over time. Treatment with isotonic medium prevented keratinocyte migration and reduced overall tissue oxidation, protecting keratinocytes in the “zone of stasis” from clearance. Using human cultured skin explants, we tested the ability of topically applied isotonic medium (saline) to improve burn wound healing. Saline treated burn wounds showed reduced burn depth 6 and 14 days after injury compared to skin that was left untreated or treated with hypotonic solution (water).

Conclusions
Collectively, these results identify larval zebrafish as a useful tool in uncovering the underlying mechanisms of burn wound healing and suggest saline treatment could be a potential avenue to improve healing of human burn wounds.

Applicability of Research to Practice
Larval zebrafish provide a unique model to investigate mechanisms of burn wound healing and efficiently test potential drug-based treatments.
Chronic constipation and abdominal distension in a patient with adult Hirschprung’s disease and bilateral ovarian teratomas
Authors: Vo Jessica , Hayler Raymond , Tyler Alex , Verschuer Kurt 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Hirschprung’s disease is a congenital disorder characterized by aganglionic bowel, usually diagnosed in infancy. Here, we present a unique case of Hirschprung’s disease diagnosed in a 29-year-old female with acute on chronic constipation. As part of her work up, a computerized tomography of her abdomen and pelvis revealed large, bilateral dermoid cysts. A diagnostic and therapeutic colonoscopy allowed manual disimpaction and decompression of her bowel, as well as biopsy attainment. Histopathology revealed absence of ganglionic cells on haematoxylin and eosin stain and calretinin immunostaining. This case underscores the diagnostic challenges of Adult Hirschprung’s disease and how this impacts patient quality of life, as well as the work up and management of concurrent causes abdominopelvic conditions.
The hierarchical structure of galactic haloes: differentiating clusters from stochastic clumping with astrolink
Authors: Oliver William H , Elahi Pascal J , Lewis Geraint F , Buck Tobias 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT
We present astrolink, an efficient and versatile clustering algorithm designed to hierarchically classify astrophysically relevant structures from both synthetic and observational data sets. We build upon clustar-nd, a hierarchical galaxy/(sub)halo finder, so that astrolink now generates a 2D representation of the implicit clustering structure as well as ensuring that clusters are statistically distinct from the noisy density fluctuations implicit within the n-dimensional input data. This redesign replaces the three cluster extraction parameters from clustar-nd with a single parameter, S – the lower statistical significance threshold of clusters, which can be automatically and reliably estimated via a dynamical model-fitting process. We demonstrate the robustness of this approach compared to astrolink’s predecessors by applying each algorithm to a suite of simulated galaxies defined over various feature spaces. We find that astrolink delivers a more powerful clustering performance while being $\sim 27~{{\ \rm per \, cent}}$ faster and using less memory than clustar-nd. With these improvements, astrolink is ideally suited to extracting a meaningful set of hierarchical and arbitrarily shaped astrophysical clusters from both synthetic and observational data sets – lending itself as a great tool for morphological decomposition within the context of hierarchical structure formation.
Ruth Patrick
Authors: Whorley Sarah 
Published: April 2024

Ruth Myrtle Patrick (b. 1907–d. 2013) was an American scientist whose singular focus on diatoms and their potential to diagnose aquatic ecosystem status made her a titan among scientists. Patrick’s body of work spans seventy-four years, with nearly two hundred publications. Patrick was born and grew up in Topeka, Kansas. She attended Coker College in South Carolina, earning her bachelor’s degree in 1929. She then moved to the University of Virginia for graduate school. In addition, she spent considerable time at Cold Spring Harbor, New York. Following her completion of graduate school, she found a position with the Academy of Natural Sciences in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. This would be her professional home for the duration of her career. While at the academy, Patrick founded the Department of Limnology and expanded its preeminent collection of diatom flora from across the world and launched the use of diatoms as a group of organisms capable of bioassessment of water bodies. This extensive study of diatoms in freshwater habitats has firmly established Patrick as an international authority on freshwater diatom taxonomy, biodiversity, and ecology. Her work here forged new paths in freshwater science and helped it emerge as a critical discipline.
A Prognostic Survival Model Incorporating Patient-Reported Outcomes for Transplant-Ineligible Patients With Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Mian Hira , Seow Hsien , Balitsky Amaris K , Cheung Matthew C , Gayowsky Anastasia , Tay Jason , Wildes Tanya M , McCurdy Arleigh , Visram Alissa , Sandhu Irwindeep , Sutradhar Rinku 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Developing prognostic tools specifically for patients themselves represents an important step in empowering patients to engage in shared decision-making. Incorporating patient-reported outcomes may improve the accuracy of these prognostic tools. We conducted a retrospective population-based study of transplant-ineligible (TIE) patients with multiple myeloma (MM) diagnosed between January 2007 and December 2018. A multivariable Cox regression model was developed to predict the risk of death within 1-year period from the index date. We identified 2356 patients with TIE MM. The following factors were associated with an increased risk of death within 1 year: age &gt; 80 (HR 1.11), history of heart failure (HR 1.52), “CRAB” at diagnosis (HR 1.61), distance to cancer center (HR 1.25), prior radiation (HR 1.48), no proteosome inhibitor/immunomodulatory therapy usage (HR 1.36), recent emergency department (HR 1.55) or hospitalization (HR 2.13), poor performance status (ECOG 3-4 HR 1.76), and increasing number of severe symptoms (HR 1.56). Model discrimination was high with C-statistic of 0.74, and calibration was very good. To our knowledge, this represents one of the first prognostic models developed in MM incorporating patient-reported outcomes. This survival prognostic tool may improve communication regarding prognosis and shared decision-making among older adults with MM and their health care providers.
The transcriptome landscape of developing barley seeds
Authors: Kovacik Martin , Nowicka Anna , Zwyrtková Jana , Strejčková Beáta , Vardanega Isaia , Esteban Eddi , Pasha Asher , Kaduchová Kateřina , Krautsova Maryna , Červenková Marie , Šafář Jan , Provart Nicholas J , Simon Rüdiger , Pecinka Ales 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Cereal grains are an important source of food and feed. To provide comprehensive spatiotemporal information about biological processes in developing seeds of cultivated barley (Hordeum vulgare L. subsp. vulgare), we performed a transcriptomic study of the embryo, endosperm, and seed maternal tissues collected from grains 4–32 days after pollination. Weighted gene co-expression network and motif enrichment analyses identified specific groups of genes and transcription factors (TFs) potentially regulating barley seed tissue development. We defined a set of tissue-specific marker genes and families of TFs for functional studies of the pathways controlling barley grain development. Assessing selected groups of chromatin regulators revealed that epigenetic processes are highly dynamic and likely play a major role during barley endosperm development. The repressive H3K27me3 modification is globally reduced in endosperm tissues and at specific genes related to development and storage compounds. Altogether, this atlas uncovers the complexity of developmentally regulated gene expression in developing barley grains.
Investigating the findings of a Police workshop on the identification of skeletal material
Authors: Goodison Georgina A , Aris Christopher 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Emergency services professionals can encounter human remains on a frequent basis, therefore an ability to locate and recognize skeletal elements would be highly beneficial. While recognizing human bone has a clear utility to those involved in searching for remains, even for first responders who do not aid in the identification and analysis of remains, a basic knowledge of skeletal anatomy—and the ability to differentiate between human and animal bones—may assist both within the escalation process, and in understanding the scene. With this in mind, a workshop was commissioned by South Yorkshire Police in order to provide training on how to identify human bone in the field and differentiate between human and non-human bone. In total, 37 participants completed the workshop, with 100% completing a survey on the usefulness of the workshop regarding their own abilities before and after. Mann–Whitney U tests were run to determine differences in ability before and after the workshop to gauge whether participants noticed any improvement within their abilities. The testing showed that on average participants perceived an increase in their abilities after completing the workshop. Interestingly, when the test was broken into specific groups—Recovery Professionals and Identification Professionals—a difference in abilities both before and after the workshop was noted between groupings, suggesting that experience at crime scenes may aid in education. The results of this workshop show that training to not just first responders, but also to more senior personnel, was highly useful in widening their knowledge of skeletal material, which will help with any future encounters in the field.
Union is strength: the combination of radiomics features and 3D-deep learning in a sole model increases diagnostic accuracy in demented patients: a whole brain 18FDG PET-CT analysis
Authors: Bestetti Alberto , Zangheri Barbara , Gabanelli Sara Vincenzina , Parini Vincenzo , Fornara Carla 
Published: April 2024

Objective
FDG PET imaging plays a crucial role in the evaluation of demented patients by assessing regional cerebral glucose metabolism. In recent years, both radiomics and deep learning techniques have emerged as powerful tools for extracting valuable information from medical images. This article aims to provide a comparative analysis of radiomics features, 3D-deep learning convolutional neural network (CNN) and the fusion of them, in the evaluation of 18F-FDG PET whole brain images in patients with dementia and normal controls.

Methods
18F-FDG brain PET and clinical score were collected in 85 patients with dementia and 125 healthy controls (HC). Patients were assigned to various form of dementia on the basis of clinical evaluation, follow-up and voxels comparison with HC using a two-sample Student’s t-test, to determine the regions of brain involved. Radiomics analysis was performed on the whole brain after normalization to an optimized template. After selection using the minimum redundancy maximum relevance method and Pearson’s correlation coefficients, the features obtained were added to a neural network model to find the accuracy in classifying HC and demented patients. Forty subjects not included in the training were used to test the models. The results of the three models (radiomics, 3D-CNN, combined model) were compared with each other.

Results
Four radiomics features were selected. The sensitivity was 100% for the three models, but the specificity was higher with radiomics and combined one (100% vs. 85%). Moreover, the classification scores were significantly higher using the combined model in both normal and demented subjects.

Conclusion
The combination of radiomics features and 3D-CNN in a single model, applied to the whole brain 18FDG PET study, increases the accuracy in demented patients.
Bi-directional allosteric pathway in NMDA receptor activation and modulation
Authors: Bender Paula A. , Chakraborty Subhajit , Durham Ryan J. , Berka Vladimir , Carrillo Elisa , Jayaraman Vasanthi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractN-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors are ionotropic glutamate receptors involved in learning and memory. NMDA receptors primarily comprise two GluN1 and two GluN2 subunits. The GluN2 subunit dictates biophysical receptor properties, including the extent of receptor activation and desensitization. GluN2A- and GluN2D-containing receptors represent two functional extremes. To uncover the conformational basis of their functional divergence, we utilized single-molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer to probe the extracellular domains of these receptor subtypes under resting and ligand-bound conditions. We find that the conformational profile of the GluN2 amino-terminal domain correlates with the disparate functions of GluN2A- and GluN2D-containing receptors. Changes at the pre-transmembrane segments inversely correlate with those observed at the amino-terminal domain, confirming direct allosteric communication between these domains. Additionally, binding of a positive allosteric modulator at the transmembrane domain shifts the conformational profile of the amino-terminal domain towards the active state, revealing a bidirectional allosteric pathway between extracellular and transmembrane domains.
Do creditors appreciate CSR transparency and credibility in emerging markets?
Authors: Uyar Ali , Ben Arfa Nouha , Kuzey Cemil , Karaman Abdullah S. 
Published: April 2024

PurposeThis study investigates CSR reporting’s role in debt access and cost of debt with the moderating role of external assurance and GRI adoption in emerging markets. Such an investigation will help facilitate external fund flow to firms in better terms.Design/methodology/approachWe collected data from 16 emerging markets between 2008 and 2019 from the Thomson Reuters Eikon and ran fixed effects regression analysis and robustness tests by addressing endogeneity concerns, adopting alternative sample and integrating additional control variables.FindingsThe results show that CSR reporting has a positive association with access to debt and a negative association with the cost of debt. Furthermore, both external assurance and GRI adoption do not significantly moderate between CSR reporting and access to debt and cost of debt. Hence, creditors in emerging markets are not interested in CSR report assurance and GRI framework adoption and do not integrate them into their lending decisions.Originality/valueEmerging markets are unique settings characterized by high growth rates, limited capital availability, high debt costs and weak institutional environments. Thus, reaching debt with convenient conditions is critical for emerging market firms to finance their growth. Hence, our study will help emerging market firms reach external funding more easily and in better terms via CSR transparency. Besides, our investigation is based on a broad sample of emerging markets, and hence updates prior emerging market studies conducted in single-country settings. Lastly, we test the complementarity of third-party assurance and GRI adoption to CSR reporting in loan contracting.
Can HERO help in employee engagement? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Goyal Richa , Sharma Himani , Sharma Aarti 
Published: April 2024

Purpose
In the organizational behaviour literature, psychological capital (psycap) has been identified as a significant variable affecting the engagement level of employees. Relying on this, this study aims to examine the association between psycap sub-constructs and employee engagement (EE) using systematic review and meta-analysis techniques.

Design/methodology/approach
The study analyzed 28 primary studies (selected through a systematic review of literature by incorporating inclusion and exclusion criteria) via meta-analysis techniques conducted using Meta-Essential Software (1.5). Along with this, the Cohen Kappa reliability test and the trim and fill technique have been applied, followed by moderator analysis.

Findings
The results of the study contribute to the extant literature in three ways. Firstly, the study confirms the positive association between psycap sub-constructs and EE. Secondly, it looks into the individual constructs of psycap and shows that hope is the primary component that influences EE, followed by optimism, efficacy and resilience. Thirdly, the country acts as a moderator between psycap and EE.

Research limitations/implications
The study’s result highlights numerous implications, suggesting that organizations should focus on bringing out the latent “HERO” (hope, efficacy, resilience and optimism) qualities of their employees to make the workplace more engaging. Lastly, the study concludes by pointing out the limitations and highlighting future directions.

Originality/value
Being the first systematic review and meta-analytical study focusing on psycap sub-constructs and EE associations, this study contributes to the engagement literature.
Exploring Industry 4.0 technologies as drivers of lean implementation in SMEs using COPRAS
Authors: Thekkoote Ramads 
Published: April 2024

PurposeThis paper uses the complex proportionality assessment (COPRAS) method to examine the driving factors of Industry 4.0 (I4) technologies for lean implementation in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).Design/methodology/approachAdopting I4 technology is imperative for SMEs seeking to maintain competitiveness within the manufacturing sector. A thorough understanding of the driving factors involved is required to support the implementation of I4. For this objective, the multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) tool COPRAS was used to efficiently analyze and rank these driving elements based on their importance. These factors can help small and medium-sized firms (SMEs) prioritize their efforts and investments in I4 technologies for lean implementation.FindingsThis study evaluates and prioritizes the nine I4 factors according to the perceptions of SMEs. The ranking offers significant insights into the factors SMEs consider more accessible and effective when adopting I4 technologies.Originality/valueThe author's original contribution is to examine I4 driving factors for lean implementation in SMEs using COPRAS.
Revisiting Syntactic Microvariation and Diachrony in the Dual Complementizer Systems of Upper Southern Italy1
Authors: Cardullo Sara N. , Groothuis Kim A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe primary aim of this work is to propose a diachrony of complementizer systems in the upper southern Italian dialects (USIDs). While previous diachronic studies have focused mainly on the transition from Latin to Romance, we aim to address several unanswered questions about the transition from medieval southern Italo‐Romance—in particular the system documented by Ledgeway (2005)—to the attested modern USID ones that are claimed to derive from it. Using the cartographic framework, and in particular the split‐CP (Rizzi 1997), our revisitation of the literature leads us to identify at least six distinct modern systems, which differ morpholexically (what we consider “dual” systems, e.g., presenting both che and ca) and/or syntactically (which we consider “split” systems, i.e., lexicalizing both Force° and Fin°). We ultimately propose that these systems should be interpreted as distinct stages in two separate diachronic developments. This is accounted for both through novel empirical insights concerning the conservative nature of the complementizer system found in e.g. Verbicarese—which we argue coincides with the one found in 17th–19th century Neapolitan‐‐, and through the view that complementizers are generated in Fin°, which presents theoretical advantages concerning the expression of (illocutionary) force and (modal)/finiteness marking.
Think of ink: Tattoo pigment masquerading as a breast mass
Authors: Chin Sian , Cumper Marissa , Thomas Anitha , Wylie Elizabeth 
Published: April 2024

SummaryMigration of tattoo pigment to axillary lymph nodes mimicking calcifications is a recognized phenomenon, however, pigment in an intra‐mammary node masquerading as a breast mass is a rare complication of cosmetic tattoos. As the prevalence of tattooing increases among women presenting to Breastscreen, radiologists may expect to encounter this lesion mimicking a breast neoplasm. We present a 50‐year‐old female with extensive tattoos on her arms, chest wall and abdomen, recalled for a small calcified breast mass on her first screening mammogram. Tomosynthesis‐guided vacuum‐assisted biopsy demonstrated intra‐mammary lymph node with abundant tattoo pigment.