bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Creation of Cultural Landscapes – Decision-Making and Perception Within Specific Ecological Settings
Authors: Dörfler Walter , Dreibrodt Stefan , Eriksen Berit Valentin , Feeser Ingo , Groß Daniel , Hofmann Robert , Ribeiro Artur , Schlütz Frank , Wieckowska-Lüth Magdalena , Wild Markus 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis chapter starts with a theoretical introduction to the concept of the creation and perception of cultural landscapes. Niche construction theory and human agency, often treated as controverse concepts are discussed as complementary aspects of human environment relations. The DPSIR framework (the concept of Driving forces, Pressures, States, Impacts and Responses) is applied as valuable approach for the explanation of the transformations in human behaviour in reaction to environmental developments. Aspects of intended and unintended reactions to human agency and action are discussed as well as the temporal and spatial scales of transformations that consequently occured. Therefore, four examples are presented from case studies within the CRC 1266. The Palaeolithic and Mesolithic use of natural resources will have left visible but short-lived traces in the landscape as first steps towards a cultural landscape. The role of humans in the spread of plants and the influence of human action on the plant distribution and composition are discussed in this context. The Neolithic transformation shows a new dimension of changes in the landscape. The producing economy leads to a wide range of resource extractions that enable a much higher population being nourished by the manipulated environment with anthropogenic open land as a new landscape element or niche. Bronze Age progression and intensification of land use in many areas lead to soil degradation and the widespread expansion of heathlands. Even though the process was too slow to be perceived consciously, associated economic adaptations to this new type of cultural landscape are observable. The fourth example explains an unexpected positive aspect of deforestation. In the context of Neolithic Trypillian megasites the soil developed towards a deep and fertile Chernozem. The role of earthworms is discussed as key factor for the soil development in the transition from a forest and forest steppe towards the agrarian steppe of today. The difference between human agency and human action is discussed for the presented examples as the awareness of the consequences of human behaviour very much depends the velocity of changes and human perception.
Depicting Trypillia: Emergence and Transformation of the Realistic Style
Authors: Shatilo Liudmyla , Hofmann Robert 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTransformation processes have not only different scales, significance and aspects. They can also be reflected in social behavior, and thus also in material culture. This chapter examines various categories of objects of non-utilitarian nature with realistically depicted elements. By analysing a Trypillian group of ceramic objects and anthropomorphic figurines from the Middle and Late Neolithic tell Vinča-Belo Brdo, we can show their temporal and spatial change within the transformation of aggregated settlements during the periods with the highest population density. Our analysis of one of the components of material culture shows huge prospects for studying anatomy and different aspects of transformations and their reflections.
Search for charged-lepton flavor violation in Υ(2S) → ℓ∓τ± (ℓ = e, μ) decays at Belle
Authors:   The Belle collaboration, Dhamija R. , Nishida S. , Giri A. , Adachi I. , Aihara H. , Asner D. M. , Aushev T. , Ayad R. , Babu V. , Bahinipati S. , Banerjee Sw. , Bauer M. , Behera P. , Belous K. , Bennett J. , Bessner M. , Bhardwaj V. , Biswas D. , Bodrov D. , Borah J. , Bozek A. , Bračko M. , Branchini P. , Browder T. E. , Budano A. , Campajola M. , Červenkov D. , Chang M.-C. , Chang P. , Chekelian V. , Cheon B. G. , Chilikin K. , Cho H. E. , Cho K. , Choi S.-K. , Choi Y. , Choudhury S. , Cinabro D. , Das S. , De Nardo G. , De Pietro G. , Di Capua F. , Dingfelder J. , Doležal Z. , Dong T. V. , Ecker P. , Epifanov D. , Ferber T. , Ferlewicz D. , Fulsom B. G. , Garg R. , Gaur V. , Goldenzweig P. , Graziani E. , Gu T. , Guan Y. , Gudkova K. , Hadjivasiliou C. , Hayasaka K. , Hayashii H. , Hazra S. , Hedges M. T. , Herrmann D. , Hou W.-S. , Hsu C.-L. , Iijima T. , Inami K. , Ipsita N. , Ishikawa A. , Itoh R. , Iwasaki M. , Jacobs W. W. , Jang E.-J. , Jia S. , Jin Y. , Joo K. K. , Kaliyar A. B. , Kiesling C. , Kim C. H. , Kim D. Y. , Kim K.-H. , Kim Y.-K. , Kinoshita K. , Kodyš P. , Konno T. , Korobov A. , Korpar S. , Križan P. , Krokovny P. , Kumar M. , Kumar R. , Kumara K. , Kuzmin A. , Kwon Y.-J. , Lai Y.-T. , Lee S. C. , Levit D. , Lewis P. , Li L. K. , Gioi L. Li , Libby J. , Lieret K. , Lin Y.-R. , Liventsev D. , Ma Y. , Masuda M. , Matsuda T. , Maurya S. K. , Meier F. , Merola M. , Metzner F. , Miyabayashi K. , Mizuk R. , Mohanty G. B. , Nakamura I. , Nakao M. , Natochii A. , Nayak L. , Niiyama M. , Nisar N. K. , Ogawa S. , Pakhlov P. , Pakhlova G. , Pardi S. , Park H. , Park J. , Passeri A. , Patra S. , Paul S. , Pedlar T. K. , Pestotnik R. , Piilonen L. E. , Podobnik T. , Prencipe E. , Prim M. T. , Rout N. , Russo G. , Sandilya S. , Santelj L. , Savinov V. , Schnell G. , Schwanda C. , Seino Y. , Senyo K. , Sevior M. E. , Shan W. , Sharma C. , Shiu J.-G. , Shwartz B. , Sokolov A. , Solovieva E. , Starič M. , Stottler Z. S. , Sumihama M. , Takizawa M. , Tanida K. , Tenchini F. , Trabelsi K. , Uchida M. , Uglov T. , Unno Y. , Uno S. , Urquijo P. , Vahsen S. E. , Varvell K. E. , Vinokurova A. , Wang D. , Wang E. , Wang M.-Z. , Watanuki S. , Won E. , Xu X. , Yabsley B. D. , Yan W. , Yang S. B. , Yin J. H. , Yuan C. Z. , Yuan L. , Zhang Z. P. , Zhilich V. , Zhukova V. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We report a search for the charged-lepton flavor violation in Υ(2S) → ℓ∓τ± (ℓ = e, μ) decays using a 25 fb−1 Υ(2S) sample collected by the Belle detector at the KEKB e+e− asymmetric-energy collider. We find no evidence for a signal and set upper limits on the branching fractions ($$ \mathcal{B} $$
B
) at 90% confidence level. We obtain the most stringent upper limits: $$ \mathcal{B} $$
B
(Υ(2S) → μ∓τ±) < 0.23 × 10−6 and $$ \mathcal{B} $$
B
(Υ(2S) → e∓τ±) < 1.12 × 10−6.
Cubic action for spinning black holes from massive higher-spin gauge symmetry
Authors: Skvortsov Evgeny , Tsulaia Mirian 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Scattering of two Kerr Black Holes emitting gravitational waves can be captured by an effective theory of a massive higher-spin field interacting with the gravitational field. While other compact objects should activate a multitude of non-minimal interactions it is the black holes that should be captured by the simplest minimal interaction. Implementing massive higher-spin symmetry via a string-inspired BRST approach we construct an action that reproduces the correct cubic amplitude of Arkani-Hamed-Huang-Huang. The same is achieved for the root-Kerr theory, i.e. for the minimal electromagnetic interaction of a massive higher-spin field.
Unified treatment of null and spatial infinity III: asymptotically minkowski space-times
Authors: Ashtekar Abhay , Khera Neev 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The Spi framework provides a 4-dimensional approach to investigate the asymptotic properties of gravitational fields as one recedes from isolated systems in any space-like direction, without reference to a Cauchy surface [1]. It is well suited to unify descriptions at null and spatial infinity because $$ \mathcal{I} $$
I
arises as the null cone of i°. The goal of this work is to complete this task by introducing a natural extension of the asymptotic conditions at null and spatial infinity of [2], by ‘gluing’ the two descriptions appropriately. Space-times satisfying these conditions are asymptotically flat in both regimes and thus represent isolated gravitating systems. They will be said to be Asymptotically Minkowskian at i°. We show that in these space-times the Spi group $$ \mathfrak{S} $$
S
as well as the BMS group $$ \mathcal{B} $$
B
naturally reduce to a single Poincaré group, denoted by $$ {\mathfrak{p}}_{i^{{}^{\circ}}} $$

p

i
°

to highlight the fact that it arises from the gluing procedure at i°. The asymptotic conditions are sufficiently weak to allow for the possibility that the Newman-Penrose component $$ {\Psi}_1^{{}^{\circ}} $$

Ψ
1
°

diverges in the distant past along $$ \mathcal{I} $$
I
+. This can occur in astrophysical sources that are not asymptotically stationary in the past, e.g. in scattering situations. Nonetheless, as we show in the companion paper [5], the energy momentum and angular momentum defined at i° equals the sum of that defined at a cross-section C of $$ \mathcal{I} $$
I
+ and corresponding flux across $$ \mathcal{I} $$
I
+ to the past of C, when the quantities refer to the preferred Poincaré subgroup $$ {\mathfrak{p}}_{i^{{}^{\circ}}} $$

p

i
°

.
Quantum conformal gravity
Authors: Oda Ichiro , Ohta Misaki 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We present the manifestly covariant canonical operator formalism of a Weyl invariant (or equivalently, a locally scale invariant) gravity whose classical action consists of the well-known conformal gravity and Weyl invariant scalar-tensor gravity, on the basis of the Becchi-Rouet-Stora-Tyupin (BRST) formalism. It is shown that there exists a Poincaré-like IOSp(8|8) global symmetry as in Einstein’s general relativity, which should be contrasted to the case of only the Weyl invariant scalar-tensor gravity where we have a more extended Poincaré-like IOSp(10|10) global symmetry. This reduction of the global symmetry is attributed to the presence of the Stückelberg symmetry.
Rare tau decays via exchange of on-shell almost degenerate Majorana neutrinos, τ∓ → π∓Nj → π∓μ∓π± and τ∓ → π∓Nj → π∓μ±π∓
Authors: Cvetič Gorazd , Kim C. S. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We investigate rare decays of tau leptons that occur via exchange of heavy on-shell neutrinos Nj (j = 1, 2). These neutrinos can be either Dirac or Majorana, and are considered to be almost degenerate in mass. The decays can thus be either lepton number conserving (LNC), τ∓ → π∓Nj → π∓μ∓π±, or lepton number violating (LNV), τ∓ → π∓Nj → π∓μ±π∓. If neutrinos are Dirac, only LNC decays are possible. If they are Majorana, both LNC and LNV are possible. We derive the corresponding expressions for the effective decay widths $$ {\Gamma}_{\textrm{eff},\mp}^{\left(\textrm{X}\right)} $$

Γ

eff
,
∓

X

(X=LNC, LNV) of these rare decays, where we account for N1-N2 overlap and oscillation effects and for the finite detector length effects. We then numerically evaluate these decay widths as well as the related CP violation asymmetry width $$ \Delta {\Gamma}_{\textrm{CP}}^{\left(\textrm{X}\right)}=\left({\Gamma}_{\textrm{eff},-}^{\left(\textrm{X}\right)}-{\Gamma}_{\textrm{eff},+}^{\left(\textrm{X}\right)}\right) $$
∆

Γ
CP

X

=

Γ

eff
,
−

X

−

Γ

eff
,
+

X

. We conclude that for certain, presently allowed, ranges of the heavy-light neutrino mixing parameters, such decays and asymmetries could be observed in Belle II experiment.
Do charged-pions condense in a magnetic field with rotation?
Authors: Chen Hao-Lei , Huang Xu-Guang , Mameda Kazuya 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We revisit the condensation scenario of charged pions in external magnetic field and rotation, which was first considered by Y. Liu and I. Zahed. Based on the Ginzburg-Landau analysis of the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model, we find that the charged-pion condensation takes place only when both a strong coupling constant and negatively large baryon chemical potential are applied. Besides, our numerical calculation shows that the chiral restoration induced by the interplay between magnetic field and rotation (i.e., the rotational magnetic inhibition) interrupts the formation of the charged-pion condensate. This suggests that the analysis of such condensation requires a careful treatment of the inner structure of pions, which was not taken into account before. We also discuss the underlying physical mechanism of our finding and the indication of charged-rho condensation.
European society for trauma and emergency surgery member-identified research priorities in emergency surgery: a roadmap for future clinical research opportunities
Authors: Bass Gary Alan , Kaplan Lewis Jay , Gaarder Christine , Coimbra Raul , Klingensmith Nathan John , Kurihara Hayato , Zago Mauro , Cioffi Stefano Piero Bernardo , Mohseni Shahin , Sugrue Michael , Tolonen Matti , Valcarcel Cristina Rey , Tilsed Jonathan , Hildebrand Frank , Marzi Ingo 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
European Society for Trauma and Emergency Surgery (ESTES) is the European community of clinicians providing care to the injured and critically ill surgical patient. ESTES has several interlinked missions – (1) the promotion of optimal emergency surgical care through networked advocacy, (2) promulgation of relevant clinical cognitive and technical skills, and (3) the advancement of scientific inquiry that closes knowledge gaps, iteratively improves upon surgical and perioperative practice, and guides decision-making rooted in scientific evidence. Faced with multitudinous opportunities for clinical research, ESTES undertook an exercise to determine member priorities for surgical research in the short-to-medium term; these research priorities were presented to a panel of experts to inform a ‘road map’ narrative review which anchored these research priorities in the contemporary surgical literature.

Methods
Individual ESTES members in active emergency surgery practice were polled as a representative sample of end-users and were asked to rank potential areas of future research according to their personal perceptions of priority. Using the modified eDelphi method, an invited panel of ESTES-associated experts in academic emergency surgery then crafted a narrative review highlighting potential research priorities for the Society.

Results
Seventy-two responding ESTES members from 23 countries provided feedback to guide the modified eDelphi expert consensus narrative review. Experts then crafted evidence-based mini-reviews highlighting knowledge gaps and areas of interest for future clinical research in emergency surgery: timing of surgery, inter-hospital transfer, diagnostic imaging in emergency surgery, the role of minimally-invasive surgical techniques and Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols, patient-reported outcome measures, risk-stratification methods, disparities in access to care, geriatric outcomes, data registry and snapshot audit evaluations, emerging technologies interrogation, and the delivery and benchmarking of emergency surgical training.

Conclusions
This manuscript presents the priorities for future clinical research in academic emergency surgery as determined by a sample of the membership of ESTES. While the precise basis for prioritization was not evident, it may be anchored in disease prevalence, controversy around aspects of current patient care, or indeed the identification of a knowledge gap. These expert-crafted evidence-based mini-reviews provide useful insights that may guide the direction of future academic emergency surgery research efforts.
Diagnostic performance and image quality of an image-based denoising algorithm applied to radiation dose-reduced CT in diagnosing acute appendicitis
Authors: Choi Hyeon Ui , Cho Jungheum , Hwang Jinhee , Lee Seungjae , Chang Won , Park Ji Hoon , Lee Kyoung Ho 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate diagnostic performance and image quality of ultralow-dose CT (ULDCT) in diagnosing acute appendicitis with an image-based deep-learning denoising algorithm (IDLDA).

Methods
This retrospective multicenter study included 180 patients (mean ± standard deviation, 29 ± 9 years; 91 female) who underwent contrast-enhanced 2-mSv CT for suspected appendicitis from February 2014 to August 2016. We simulated ULDCT from 2-mSv CT, reducing the dose by at least 50%. Then we applied an IDLDA on ULDCT to produce denoised ULDCT (D-ULDCT). Six radiologists with different experience levels (three board-certified radiologists and three residents) independently reviewed the ULDCT and D-ULDCT. They rated the likelihood of appendicitis and subjective image qualities (subjective image noise, diagnostic acceptability, and artificial sensation). One radiologist measured image noise, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR). We used the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses, Wilcoxon’s signed-rank tests, and paired t-tests.

Results
The area under the ROC curves (AUC) for diagnosing appendicitis ranged 0.90–0.97 for ULDCT and 0.94–0.97 for D-ULDCT. The AUCs of two residents were significantly higher on D-ULDCT (AUC difference = 0.06 [95% confidence interval, 0.01–0.11; p = .022] and 0.05 [0.00–0.10; p = .046], respectively). D-ULDCT provided better subjective image noise and diagnostic acceptability to all six readers. However, the response of board-certified radiologists and residents differed in artificial sensation (all p ≤ .003). D-ULDCT showed significantly lower image noise, higher SNR, and higher CNR (all p < .001).

Conclusion
An IDLDA can provide better ULDCT image quality and enhance diagnostic performance for less-experienced radiologists.
Causal oceanic feedbacks onto the winter NAO
Authors: Kolstad Erik W. , O’Reilly Christopher H. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractOf the climate variability patterns that influence the weather in the North Atlantic region in winter, the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) is the most dominant. The effects of the NAO span from cold air outbreaks to unseasonably warm conditions and unusual precipitation, with significant impacts on human activities and ecosystems. While a connection between the NAO and antecedent sea surface temperature (SST) conditions has been recognised for decades, the precise causal interaction between the ocean and the atmosphere remains enigmatic. In this study we uncover a robust statistical relationship between North Atlantic SSTs in November and the NAO throughout the subsequent winter in the extended ERA5 reanalysis back to 1940. We apply a well-established causal inference technique called mediation analysis, commonly used in social science and now adopted in climate research. This analysis highlights the roles of low-level baroclinicity, latent heat fluxes, and latent heat release in mediating the effect of November SSTs on the NAO in January and February. It is important to recognise that these mediators are interrelated. Moreover, our analysis reveals bidirectional relationships, where the NAO reciprocally mediates the effects of the November SSTs on these variables. This is evidence of a complex web of feedback mechanisms which collectively contribute to the response of the winter NAO to late autumn/early winter SSTs.
FGD1-related Aarskog–Scott syndrome: Identification of four novel variations and a literature review of clinical and molecular aspects
Authors: Li Sujuan , Tian Anran , Wen Yu , Gu Wei , Li Wei , Qiao Xiaohong , Zhang Cai , Luo Xiaoping 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Patients with Aarskog–Scott syndrome (AAS) have short stature, facial anomalies, skeletal deformities, and genitourinary malformations. FYVE, RhoGEF, and PH domain-containing 1 (FGD1) is the only known causative gene of AAS. However, the diagnosis of AAS remains difficult, and specific treatments are still absent. Patients suspected with AAS were recruited, and clinical information was collected. Genetic testing and functional analysis were carried out for the diagnosis. By literature review, we summarized the clinical and genetic characteristics of FGD1-related AAS and analyzed the genotype–phenotype correlation. Five patients were recruited, and four novel FGD1 variants were identified. The diagnosis of AAS was confirmed by genetic analysis and functional study. Three patients treated with growth hormone showed improved heights during the follow-up period. By literature review, clinical features of AAS patients with FGD1 variants were summarized. Regarding FGD1 variations, substitutions were the most common form, and among them, missense variants were the most frequent. Moreover, we found patients with drastic variants showed higher incidences of foot and genitourinary malformations. Missense variants in DH domain were related to a lower incidence of cryptorchidism.
Conclusion: We reported four novel pathogenic FGD1 variations in AAS patients and confirmed the efficacy and safety of growth hormone treatment in FGD1-related AAS patients with growth hormone deficiency. Additionally, our literature review suggested the crucial role of DH domain in FGD1 function.

What is Known:• Aarskog–Scott syndrome is a rare genetic disease, and the only known cause is the variant in FGD1 gene. The typical clinical manifestations of AAS include facial, skeletal, and urogenital deformities and short stature.

What is New:• We reported four novel FGD1 variants and reported the treatment of growth hormone in FGD1-related AAS patients. Our genotype–phenotype correlation analysis suggested the crucial role of DH domain in FGD1 function.
Exosomes from adipose-derived stem cells activate sebocytes through the PI3K/AKT/SREBP-1 pathway to accelerate wound healing
Authors: Zhang Yingbo , Zouboulis Christos C. , Xiao Zhibo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSebocyte regeneration after injury is considered a key element of functional skin repair. Exosomes from adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs-EXO) accelerate wound healing by promoting the proliferation of fibroblasts. However, the effects of ADSCs-EXO on sebocytes are largely unknown. In this study, the effects of ADSCs-EXO on sebocyte proliferation and migration were evaluated. The levels of phosphorylated AKT (p-AKT), AKT, sterol regulatory-element binding protein (SREBP), and perilipin-1 (PLIN-1) were detected with immunofluorescence, quantitative PCR, and western blot analysis. RNA-Seq was used to analyze the differential gene expression between the ADSCs-EXO group and the control group under anaerobic conditions. Lipogenesis was assessed with Nile red staining. In animal studies, full-thickness skin wounds in BALB/c mice were treated with gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) hydrogel-loaded sebocytes alone or in combination with ADSCs-EXO. Histopathological assessments of the wound tissues were performed Masson Trichrome staining, Immunohistochemical staining and so on. The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathway blocker LY294002 inhibited the effects of ADSCs-EXO on p-AKT and sebocytes proliferation. ADSCs-EXO also regulated the expression of SREBP-1 and PLIN-1 through the PI3K/AKT pathway in an oxygen level-dependent manner. In BALB/c mice, ADSCs-EXO accelerated sebocyte-assisted wound healing and regeneration. These in vitro and in vivo results supported that ADSCs-EXO can promote the regeneration of fully functional skin after injury through the PI3K/AKT-dependent activation of sebocytes.
Graphical abstract
Juvenile Uveitis
Authors: Eidherr Markus , Jarz-Lackner Hildrun , Bolz Matthias , Barisani-Asenbauer Talin , Strauß Rupert W. 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungEtwa 5–10 % aller Uveitisfälle treten bei Kindern auf. Die Erkrankung verläuft oft ohne Symptome, was zu einer verzögerten Diagnose und möglichen Schäden an den Augen führen kann. Infektiöse und nichtinfektiöse Ursachen können zur Uveitis führen, wobei die juvenile idiopathische Arthritis die häufigste Ursache bei Kindern und Jugendlichen ist. Die Behandlung hängt von der Ursache ab und kann eine Immunsuppression beinhalten. Katarakt, Glaukom und Amblyopie sind die häufigsten Komplikationen, die das Sehvermögen beeinträchtigen können. Regelmäßige Kontrollen sind auch nach Inaktivität der Uveitis wichtig, um erneute Entzündungsschübe frühzeitig zu erkennen und die Therapie anzupassen. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, einen Überblick über das klinische Erscheinungsbild, potenzielle Ursachen, Therapiemöglichkeiten und Komplikationen der Uveitis bei Kindern zu geben.