bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The psychophysics of spending
Authors: Christensen Caryn 
Published: July 2007

AbstractSeveral theories of decision making are based, in part, upon the principles of psychophysics (Kahneman and Tversky, 1979; Thaler, 1985). For example, due to the psychophysics of quantity, the difference between $10 and $20 seems greater than the difference between $110 and $120. To determine whether psychophysics influences consumers' decisions, subjects in four studies made real or hypothetical purchases. It was predicted that as the size of the purchase increased, subjects would be more willing to buy additional smaller items. Small extra purchases should seem like minor expenditures when they follow larger purchases. Results of the four studies supported our hypothesis. In addition, it was found that subjects responded not only to actual changes in purchase size but also to changes in the presentation or framing of a purchase.
Psychological conceptions of randomness
Authors: Ayton Peter , Hunt Anne J. , Wright George 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThis article presents a critique of the concept of randomness as it occurs in the psychological literature. The first section of our article outlines the significance of a concept of randomness to the process of induction; we need to distinguish random and non‐random events in order to perceive lawful regularities and formulate theories concerning events in the world. Next we evaluate the psychological research that has suggested that human concepts of randomness are not normative. We argue that, because the tasks set to experimental subjects are logically problematic, observed biases may be an artifact of the experimental situation and that even if such biases do generalise they may not have pejorative implications for induction in the real world. Thirdly we investigate the statistical methodology utilised in tests for randomness and find it riddled with paradox. In a fourth section we find various branches of scientific endeavour that are stymied by the problems posed by randomness. Finally we briefly mention the social significance of randomness and conclude by arguing that such a fundamental concept merits and requires more serious considerations.
Ducking the collection of costly evidence: Motivated use of statistical heuristics
Authors: Sanitioso Rasyid , Kunda Ziva 
Published: July 2007

AbstractWe examined whether motivation affects people's use of statistical heuristics. In two studies, subjects had to decide how many instances to observe before making predictions. Half the subjects were led to believe that the observation of each instance would be relatively high in cost, and half were led to believe that it would be relatively low in cost. In both studies, only subjects for whom evidence collection was relatively high in cost accessed the aggregation principle and came to believe that aggregates afforded greater predictability than did single instances. Their belief that predictability increases sharply with sample size may have allowed these subjects to conclude what they wanted to conclude, namely that smaller samples would suffice for their predictions.
Factors influencing the use of internal summary evaluations versus external information in choice
Authors: Hulland John S. , Kleinmuntz Don N. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractDecision makers cope with more demanding tasks by shifting their cognitive strategies, balancing effort expenditure against the desire to produce an accurate response. In choice tasks, one method for reducing effort while simultaneously maintaining accuracy is to shift from a reliance on information obtained from the external environment to that retrieved from memory, particularly summary evaluations (i.e. relatively stable evaluative reactions to the overall attractiveness of individual alternatives) acquired from previous decision‐making experience. We examined four factors that should all encourage decision makers to rely to some extent on internal summary evaluations rather than external information search: (1) increased external search costs, (2) greater time pressure, (3) increased incentives to make an accurate choice, and (4) increased levels of prior experience with the choice context. Sixty experimental subjects chose their preferred alternative from a set of women's magazines. Decision processes were inferred from verbal protocols, computer‐generated search records, and decision times. Only increased external search costs led to a greater reliance on summary evaluations. Although increased time pressure, increased incentives, and increased experience with the context did lead to changes in search and evaluation processes, contrary to initial expectations decision makers did not shift to a greater reliance on summary evaluations. These results suggest that while decision makers do sometimes use summary evaluations as a substitute for external search, this is only one of several mechanisms available for effort reduction. Understanding when and where decision makers rely upon summary evaluations probably requires a broader conceptualization of knowledge structures, particularly a consideration of the knowledge that decision makers possess about different choice strategies and their effectiveness.
The judgment‐choice discrepancy: Noncompatibility or restructuring?
Authors: Montgomery Henry , Selart Marcus , Gärling Tommy , Lindberg Erik 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe study examines the relative merits of a noncompatibility and a restructuring explanation of the recurrent empirical finding that a prominent attribute looms larger in choices than in judgments. Pairs of equally attractive options were presented to 72 undergraduates who were assigned to six conditions in which they performed (1) only preference judgments or choices, (2) preference judgments or choices preceded by judgments of attractiveness of attribute levels, or (3) preference judgments or choices accompanied by think‐aloud reports. The results replicated the prominence effect for choices, but a prominence effect was also found for preference judgments. In accordance with the restructuring explanation, the think‐aloud protocols indicated that options were more often restructured in choices than in preference judgments. However, restructuring could not explain the prominence effect observed for preference judgments. A modified compatibility hypothesis is offered as an alternative explanation.
The limits of anchoring
Authors: Chapman Gretchen B. , Johnson Eric J. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractAnchoring and adjustment is a pervasive bias in which decision makers are influenced by random or uninformative numbers or starting points. As a means of understanding this effect, we explore two limits on anchoring. In Experiments 1 and 2, implausibly extreme anchors had a proportionally smaller effect than anchors close to the expected value of the lotteries evaluated. In Experiments 2 and 3, anchoring occurred only if the anchor and preference judgment were expressed on the same scale. Incompatible anchors and response modes resulted in no anchoring bias. A confirmatory search mechanism is proposed to account for these results.
Are preference reversals reduced when made explicit?
Authors: Ordóñez Lisa D. , Mellers Barbara A. , Chang Shi‐Jie , Roberts Jordan 
Published: July 2007

AbstractPrevious research has shown that preferences for options, such as gambles, can reverse depending on the response mode. These preference reversals have been demonstrated when tasks were performed sequentially. That is, subjects completed one task before beginning another. In an attempt to eliminate preference reversals, we asked subjects to perform tasks simultaneously. That is, subjects made two types of responses for each pair of gambles before evaluating the next pair. In the condition with no financial incentives, preference reversal rates were slightly reduced. In another condition, subjects were paid for their participation and they were allowed to play a gamble with real monetary compensation. A gamble pair was randomly selected, and if a subject's responses in the two tasks were consistent for that pair, he or she was allowed to play the ‘preferred’ gamble. Otherwise, the experimenter selected the gamble from the pair. With these financial incentives, systematic preference reversals were eliminated for two of the three task combinations. Preference reversals continued to occur for attractiveness ratings versus selling prices, although, even for that pair of tasks, the reversal rate was significantly reduced. For all three task pairs, preference orders from the two tasks appeared to merge into more consistent orders.
ChemInform Abstract: Formation and Structural Properties of SbTaO4.
Authors: FJELLVAG H. , CHRISTENSEN A. N. , PANNETIER J. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Structure of K4(SiO4).
Authors: BERNET K. , HOPPE R. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Pleochroism of Evaporated Metal Islands on Langmuir‐Blodgett Films.
Authors: BUBECK C. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Nature and Structure of Calcium Dispersed on Carbon.
Authors: LINARES‐SOLANO A. , SALINAS‐MARTINEZ DE LECEA C. , CAZORLA‐AMOROS D. , JOLY J. P. , CHARCOSSET H. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Cs2Ag(I)Ag(III)Cl6: A Mixed Valence Compound with Silver in the Trivalent State.
Authors: BILL J. , LERCH K. , LAQUA W. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Stability and Resonance Energy of Troponoid Compounds.
Authors: KURIHARA T. , ISHIKAWA S. , NOZOE T. , AIHARA J. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure of Vinyl Alcohol: A Resolution of the Discrepancy Between Theory and Experiment.
Authors: SMITH B. J. , RADOM L. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Application of the Structural Correlation Method to Ring‐Flip Processes in Benzophenones.
Authors: RAPPOPORT Z. , BIALI S. E. , KAFTORY M. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure of endo,endo‐2,3‐Diphenyl‐2,3‐epoxybornane
Authors: PALOMINO E. , SCHAAP A. P. , RAHMAN A. F. M. M. , HEEG M. J. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Enzymes in Organic Synthesis: Synthesis of Highly Enantiomerically Pure 1,2‐Epoxy Aldehydes, Epoxy Alcohols, Thiirane, Aziridine, and Glyceraldehyde 3‐Phosphate.
Authors: PEDERSON R. L. , LIU K. K.‐C. , RUTAN J. F. , CHEN L. , WONG C.‐H. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Access to Homoallyl and Homocinnamyl Skeletons Using 1‐ Tributylstannyl‐4,4‐diethoxybut‐1‐ene.
Authors: PARRAIN J.‐L. , DUCHENE A. , QUINTARD J.‐P. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Completely Regioselective Reversals for an Addition Reaction of Ambident Sulfur Nucleophiles to Michael Acceptors.
Authors: KPEGBA K. , METZNER P. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Sulfonyl Esters. Part 2. CS Cleavage in Some Substitution Reactions of Nitrobenzenesulfonates.
Authors: BAUM J. C. , BOLHASSAN J. , LANGLER R. F. , PUJOL P. J. , RAHEJA R. K. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Aqueous Organic Chemistry. Part 2. Cross‐Linked Cyclohexyl Phenyl Compounds.
Authors: SISKIN M. , BRONS G. , KATRITZKY A. R. , MURUGAN R. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Aqueous High‐Temperature Chemistry of Carbo‐ and Heterocycles. Part 3. 2‐Substituted Pyridines.
Authors: KATRITZKY A. R. , LAPUCHA A. R. , SISKIN M. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Condensation of Ethynyl Vinyl Ketone or 2‐Propynyl Ether Derivatives with Silyl Enol Ethers Catalyzed by Trityl Perchlorate.
Authors: MUKAIYAMA T. , MATSUI S. , HOMMA K. , KOBAYASHI S. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Kinetic Modeling of the Reactions of C3H+ 3 with Acetylene, Deuteroacetylene, and Diacetylene
Authors: WISEMAN F. L. , OZTURK F. , ZERNER M. C. , EYLER J. R. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Acid‐Catalyzed Dehydration of Naphthalene Hydrates.
Authors: BOYD D. R. , MCMORDIE R. A. S. , SHARMA N. D. , MORE O'FERRALL R. A. , KELLY S. C. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Cystamine.
Authors: BULAT A. D. , GRISHIN V. V. , KUZNETSOVA T. E. , NEKRASOV S. V. , PASSET B. V. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Use of in situ Nickel(0) for Intramolecular Aryl Halide Coupling: Application of the (n.0)Metacyclophane System.
Authors: KARIMIPOUR M. , SEMONES A. M. , ASLESON G. L. , HELDRICH F. J. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral Synthons from Carvone. Part 4. Radical Cyclization Strategies to Bridged Systems. Synthesis of Bicyclo(3.2.1)octan‐3‐ones from (S)‐ Carvone.
Authors: SRIKRISHNA A. , HEMAMALINI P. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Bisarylimidoyl Chlorides of Dichloromalonic Acid and Their Conversions.
Authors: SHIVANYUK A. F. , DASHKOVSKAYA E. V. , ROZHENKO A. B. , LOZINSKII M. O. , ONISHCHUK N. P. , BUKREEV A. I. , D'YACHENKO O. A. , ATOVMYAN L. O. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Demethylation of 2‐Bromo‐4,5‐dimethoxybenzaldehyde.
Authors: BULAVKA V. N. , TOLKACHEV O. N. , SHCHAVLINSKII A. N. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: (3 + 2)Methylenecyclopentane Annulations of Unactivated and Electron‐ Rich Olefins with 2‐(Phenylsulfonyl)‐1‐methylenecyclopropanes.
Authors: SINGLETON D. A. , CHURCH K. M. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Study of the Pharmacological Activity of Substituted 2‐ Anthraquinonesuccinamic Acid Amides.
Authors: SAL'NIKOVA S. I. , IL'INA T. V. , ZHURAVLEV N. S. , VERDYAN A. I. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Iodine(III) Mediated Acetoxy‐Lactonization of Unsaturated Nitriles.
Authors: TIECCO M. , TESTAFERRI L. , TINGOLI M. , BARTOLI D. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: C‐Allylation of L‐Ascorbic Acid Under Palladium(0) Catalysis.
Authors: MORENO‐MANAS M. , PLEIXATS R. , VILLARROYA M. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Methoxy as a Removable Activating Group in the Triazolinedione Rearrangement Route to Azo Compounds.
Authors: DOVER J. , SHERIDAN R. S. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antispasmodic Activity of Substituted Amides and Amines in the Tetrahydropyran Series.
Authors: ARUTYUNYAN N. S. , AKOPYAN L. A. , PARONIKYAN R. G. , AKOPYAN N. E. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Addition of Twisted 1,1‐Bis(thioacyl)‐2,2‐diaminoethylenes to Dimethyl Acetylenedicarboxylate. Part 1. Formation of New Thiopyrone Derivatives on Reaction in Acetonitrile‐Containing Traces of Water.
Authors: KHAN A. Z. , SANDSTROEM J. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.