bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modulation by group 1 metabotropic glutamate receptors of depotentiation in the dentate gyrus of freely moving rats
Authors: Kulla Alexander , Manahan‐Vaughan Denise 
Published: October 2007

AbstractIn the hippocampus, synaptic depression of potentiated synapses in the form of depotentiation, or of naive synapses in the form of long‐term depression (LTD) is mediated by distinct molecular mechanisms. Activation of group 1 metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) is critically required for both hippocampal long‐term potentiation (LTP) and LTD in vivo, but their involvement in depotentiation is unclear. In this study, we investigated whether this class of mGluRs contributes to depotentiation in freely moving rats. Male adult Wistar rats underwent chronic implantation of stimulating and recording electrodes in the perforant path and dentate gyrus granule cell layer, respectively, as well as an injection cannula in the ipsilateral cerebral ventricle. Robust LTP which endured for over 24 h, was induced by high frequency tetanization (HFT, 200 Hz). Depotentiation was induced with LFS (5 Hz, 600 pulses) given 5 min after the LTP‐inducing tetanus was applied. The selective group 1 mGluR antagonists, (S)‐4‐carboxyphenylglycine and (R,S)‐1‐aminoindan‐1,5‐dicarboxylic acid significantly inhibited both depotentiation and LTP. Activation of group I mGluRs leads to changes in postsynaptic intracellular calcium levels. These findings suggest that activation of group I mGluRs mediate thresholds for depotentiation and for persistent LTP. Effects may be linked to the intensity and duration of the calcium signal elicited by LFS and HFT. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A computational NQR study on the hydrogen‐bonded lattice of cytosine‐5‐acetic acid
Authors: Mirzaei Mahmoud , Hadipour Nasser L. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractA computational study at the level of density functional theory (DFT) employing 6‐311++G** standard basis set was carried out to evaluate nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) spectroscopy parameters in cytosine‐5‐acetic acid (C5AA). Since the electric field gradient (EFG) tensors are very sensitive to the electrostatic environment at the sites of quadruple nuclei, the most possible interacting molecules with the target one were considered in a five‐molecule model system of C5AA using X‐ray coordinates transforming. The hydrogen atoms positions were optimized and two model systems of original and H‐optimized C5AA were considered in NQR calculations. The calculated EFG tensors at the sites of 17O, 14N, and 2H nuclei were converted to their experimentally measurable parameters, quadrupole coupling constants and asymmetry parameters. The evaluated NQR parameters reveal that the nuclei in original and H‐optimized systems contribute to different hydrogen bonding (HB) interaction. The comparison of calculated parameters between optimized isolated gas‐phase and crystalline monomer also shows the relationship between the structural deformation and NQR parameters in C5AA. The basis set superposition error (BSSE) calculations yielded no significant errors for employed basis set in the evaluation of NQR parameters. All the calculations were performed by Gaussian 98 package of program. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 2008
Sonographic appearance of a partial rupture of the supinator muscle
Authors: Chen Chih‐Chun , Chiou Hong‐Jen , Kao Chung‐Lan , Chan Rai‐Chi 
Published: October 2007

AbstractWe report the case of a 51‐year‐old woman who experienced pain and swelling in the right forearm after spinning cotton. History taking and physical examinations helped identify a tear of the supinator muscle, which was confirmed via sonographic examination. To our knowledge, this article is the first report of a supinator muscle tear diagnosed with sonography. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2008
The role of dangling bonds in the electronic and vibrational properties of hydrogenated amorphous silicon nitrides (a‐Si – xNx : H)
Authors: Cataliotti Rosario Sergio , Compagnini Giuseppe 
Published: October 2007

AbstractHydrogenated amorphous silicon nitrides have been obtained as thin films deposited by plasma‐enhanced chemical vapour deposition onto (100) silicon wafers. Two different samples have been obtained with similar deposition conditions in the plasma chamber but varying the SiH4/NH3 molar ratio. We used various spectroscopic techniques to ascertain how the different sample composition influences the remarkable spectroscopic differences observed. The contribution of the Si dangling bonds, randomly dispersed in the bulk of the amorphous material but with noticeable segregation on the surface, has been considered as the main source of recombination processes producing emission states. Thermal annealing strongly influences the photoluminescence emission spectra because diffusion processes induce lowering of dangling‐bond concentration. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Decreasing advertising interference: The impact of comparable differences on consumer memory in competitive advertising environments
Authors: Lee Byung‐Kwan , Lee Wei‐Na 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThis study investigates the structural alignment processes in reducing memory interference in a competitive advertising context. In particular, an experimental study is carried out to understand how alignable (i.e., comparable) and nonalignable (i.e., noncomparable) attributes influence ad claim recall at differing levels of competitive ads. Findings indicate that recall of alignable attributes is higher than that of nonalignable attributes in the presence of ads for competing brands. Results from the study also suggest that nonalignable attribute recall decreases as the number of ads featuring competing brands increases from zero to two, whereas alignable attribute recall is not affected by increasing the level of competitive ads. Theoretical and managerial implications are discussed. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Benders decomposition with alternative multiple cuts for a multi‐product closed‐loop supply chain network design model
Authors: Üster Halit , Easwaran Gopalakrishnan , Akçali Elif , Çetinkaya Sila 
Published: October 2007

AbstractIn this article, we consider a multi‐product closed‐loop supply chain network design problem where we locate collection centers and remanufacturing facilities while coordinating the forward and reverse flows in the network so as to minimize the processing, transportation, and fixed location costs. The problem of interest is motivated by the practice of an original equipment manufacturer in the automotive industry that provides service parts for vehicle maintenance and repair. We provide an effective problem formulation that is amenable to efficient Benders reformulation and an exact solution approach. More specifically, we develop an efficient dual solution approach to generate strong Benders cuts, and, in addition to the classical single Benders cut approach, we propose three different approaches for adding multiple Benders cuts. These cuts are obtained via dual problem disaggregation based either on the forward and reverse flows, or the products, or both. We present computational results which illustrate the superior performance of the proposed solution methodology with multiple Benders cuts in comparison to the branch‐and‐cut approach as well as the traditional Benders decomposition approach with a single cut. In particular, we observe that the use of multiple Benders cuts generates stronger lower bounds and promotes faster convergence to optimality. We also observe that if the model parameters are such that the different costs are not balanced, but, rather, are biased towards one of the major cost categories (processing, transportation or fixed location costs), the time required to obtain the optimal solution decreases considerably when using the proposed solution methodology as well as the branch‐and‐cut approach. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2007
Thermoplasticity with diffusion in welding problems
Authors: Sluzalec Andrzej 
Published: October 2007

AbstractA thermomechanical model for the analysis of thermoplasticity with a diffusion term is presented. This model is defined in infinitesimal strain thermoplasticity framework. Thermal hardening is coupled with a diffusion process. The example presents thermodiffusion process in titanium friction welding parts. The migration of hydrogen in the process of thermoplastic deformation is described. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Trends in the use of lipid‐lowering drugs by outpatients with diabetes in Taiwan, 1997–2003
Authors: Chiang Chi‐Wen , Chiu Hui‐Fen , Chen Chi‐Yu , Wu Hsin‐Lung , Yang Chun‐Yuh 
Published: October 2007

AbstractPurposeTo analyze recent trends in LLD use by outpatients with diabetes in Taiwan over a 7‐year period and to see whether the trends are consistent with clinical trial outcomes and published guidelines.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey was implemented using the National Health Insurance Research Database between January 1997 and December 2003. Adult outpatients who had diagnoses of diabetes and dyslipidemia and who had concurrent antidiabetic drug and LLD claim were identified. The prescribing trends were described in terms of the prescribing rates and patterns of LLDs in each study year.ResultsBetween 1997 and 2000, fibrates were the most widely prescribed major class of LLDs, while the rates showed a significant decline over time. The proportions of statin use increased 3.3‐fold from 20.8% of all LLDs in 1997 to 69.0% in 2003. With the continuous increase in the use of statins, by 2001, they replaced fibrates as the most heavily used LLDs. Monotherapy was the most prominent prescribing pattern comprising 98.1% and 98.3% of all LLD prescriptions in 1997 and 2003, respectively. Among patients with diabetic dyslipidemia plus CHD, the use of statins increased almost threefold instead of a large reduction in the percentage with non‐statin class.ConclusionsThe prescribing rates of LLDs shifted from the fibrates to statins, especially in newer statin. The majority of patients were maintained on monotherapy. These findings may imply that management of hyperlipidemia in patients with diabetes had a positive trend towards recent clinical trial outcomes and guideline's recommendation. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Rapid ambient temperature atom transfer radical polymerization of tert‐butyl acrylate
Authors: Subramanian Sundaram Harihara , Dhamodharan Raghavachari 
Published: October 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND: Atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) is considered to be one of the better and easier synthetic tools for the preparation of polymers with controlled molecular weights and polydispersities. Ambient temperature ATRP of tert‐butyl acrylate (tBA) was studied in a detailed manner with ethyl 2‐bromoisobutyrate (EBrB) and tert‐butyl 2‐bromoisobutyrate (tBuBrB) as the initiators for three different degrees of polymerization.RESULTS: Details pertaining to the kinetics of polymerization using different initiators are reported. It is observed that dimethylsulfoxide accelerates the polymerization at room temperature. The use of Cu(II) as the deactivator produces very narrow dispersity polymers. A diblock copolymer, poly(tert‐butyl acrylate)‐block‐poly(methyl methacrylate), was synthesized from the poly(tBA) macroinitiator demonstrating the controlled living nature of the polymerizations.CONCLUSIONS: The rate of polymerization is more rapid with a secondary initiator (ethyl 2‐bromopropionate) compared to the tertiary initiators EBrB and tBuBrB. From the detailed kinetic results it is observed that tris(2‐dimethylaminoethyl)amine was a better ligand compared to tris(2‐aminoethyl)amine in terms of achieving controlled polymerization. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry
Identification of modal damping ratios of four‐flue chimney of a thermoelectrical plant using pseudo‐inverse matrix method
Authors: Cavacece M. , Valentini P. P. , Vita L. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractSome computational issues related to the identification of modal parameters of structures are presented in this paper. Optimal estimation of modal parameters often requires the solution of an overdetermined linear system of equations. Hence the computation of a pseudo‐inverse matrix is involved. In this paper the numerical performance of different algorithms for Moore–Penrose pseudo‐inverse computation have been tested for modal analysis of a four‐flue chimney of a thermoelectrical plant. The computational scheme herein adopted for parameter identification is based on well‐known modal properties and has a fast rate of convergence to solution. The computation of the Rayleigh damping coefficients a and b is an important step in the area of the modal superposition technique. The proposed approach can accurately predict damping ratios and all the eigenvectors without evaluating mass and stiffness matrices. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of a predatory fish on a tropical detritus‐based food web
Authors: Boyero Luz , Rincón Pedro A. , Pearson Richard G. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractIn contrast to that for grazing systems, relatively little information exists for trophic cascades in detritus‐based stream food webs, which are predominant in forested headwater streams. Predator–prey interactions are thought to be weak in these systems, but studies are very scarce, their results are equivocal, and they do not separate the effect of direct consumption from a behavioural response of shredders. We examined the effect of predatory fish on leaf litter breakdown in headwater tropical Australian streams at three levels: (1) the behavioural response of shredder species to predator presence as indicated by chemical cues; (2) the rates of leaf breakdown resulting from shredder activity; and (3) the relationship between shredder species richness and leaf breakdown rates. Our results suggest that predatory fish can have a trait‐mediated effect on detritus‐based food webs in streams, by reducing consumer activity. We identified reductions in short‐term overall activity in response to the presence of predatory fish cues, comparable to those found for grazers. We also observed a visible, albeit statistically non‐significant, reduction in consumption rates. Shredder species richness did not affect leaf breakdown rates, and fish presence did not modify this relationship or the differences in breakdown rates among species, suggesting that the overall reduction in leaf breakdown caused by fish presence is due to a reduction in activity in every species. Thus, our laboratory studies have shown that there can be a behavioural basis for trait‐mediated trophic cascades linked to fish presence in detrital food webs in streams. However, the strength of fish effects depends on environmental circumstances, and field studies of litter breakdown in streams with and without predatory fish are required if we are to elucidate the ecological significance of our observations.
Differential effect of activin on mouse embryonic stem cell differentiation in insulin‐secreting cells under nestin‐positive selection and spontaneous differentiation protocols
Authors: Jafary Hanieh , Larijani Bagher , Farrokhi Ali , Pirouz Mehdi , Mollamohammadi Sepideh , Baharvand Hossein 
Published: October 2007

AbstractParallel to the importance of the development of cell therapies to treat diabetes is the production of sufficient numbers of pancreatic endocrine cells that function like primary islets. To increase the efficiency of endocrine pancreatic‐like cell differentiation from mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs), we applied activin‐B to nestin‐positive selection (protocol 1) and spontaneous differentiation (protocol 2) in different groups including: [A] activin‐B, or [B] basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and/or [C] activin‐B + bFGF. The differentiated cells expressed most pancreatic‐related genes. The number of insulin‐ and C peptide‐positive cells, as well as dithizone‐positive clusters in group A of protocol 1 was higher than in the other groups. Significant insulin concentrations in protocol 1 were produced when glucose was added to the medium, in comparison with protocol 2. Moreover, insulin release was increased significantly in group A of protocol 1 even with lower glucose. In conclusion, Addition of activin‐B in a nestin‐positive selection protocol increased the insulin‐secreting cells in comparison with the same protocol with bFGF and/or spontaneous differentiation in presence of bFGF and/or activin‐B alone. However, improvements of the current method are required to generate a sufficient source of true beta‐cells for the treatment of diabetes mellitus.
Dietary microparticles and their impact on tolerance and immune responsiveness of the gastrointestinal tract
Authors: Powell Jonathan J , Thoree Vinay , Pele Laetitia C 
Published: October 2007

Dietary microparticles are non-biological bacterial-sized particles of the gastrointestinal lumen that occur due to endogenous formation (calcium phosphate) or following oral exposure (exogenous microparticle). In the UK, about 40 mg (1012) of exogenous microparticles are ingested per person per day, through exposure to food additives, pharmaceutical/supplement excipients or toothpaste constituents. Once ingested, exogenous microparticles areunlikelyto pass through the gastrointestinal tract without adsorbing to their surfaces some ions and molecules of the intestinal lumen. Both entropy and ionic attraction drive such interactions. Calcium ions are especially well adsorbed by dietary microparticles which then provide a positively charged surface for the attraction (adsorption) of other organic molecules such as lipopolysaccharides, peptidoglycans or protein antigen from the diet or commensal flora. The major (but not only) sites of microparticle entry into intestinal tissue are the M-cell rich lymphoid aggregates (termed Peyer's patches in the small bowel). Indeed, it is well established that this is an efficient transport route for non-biological microparticles although it is unclear why. We hypothesise that this pathway exists for “endogenous microparticles” of calcium phosphate, with immunological and physiological benefit, and that “exogenous dietary microparticles”, such as titanium dioxide and the silicates, hijack this route. This overview focuses on what is known of these microparticles and outlines their potential role in immune tolerance of the gut (endogenous microparticles) or immune activation (exogenous microparticles) and inflammation of the gut.
Pretreatment predictors of cognitive deficits in early psychosis
Authors: González-Blanch C. , Crespo-Facorro B. , Álvarez-Jiménez M. , Rodríguez-Sánchez J. M. , Pelayo-Terán J. M. , Pérez-Iglesias R. , Vázquez-Barquero J. L. 
Published: October 2007

BackgroundPredicting cognitive deficits in early psychosis may well be crucial to identify those individuals most in need of receiving intensive intervention. As yet, however, the identification of potential pretreatment predictors for cognitive performance has been hampered by inconsistent findings across studies. We aimed to examine the associations of functional and clinical pretreatment variables with cognitive functioning after a first psychotic episode.MethodOne hundred and thirty-one patients experiencing first-episode psychosis were assessed for psychopathology, pre-morbid functioning, duration of illness, age of onset, and family history of psychosis and neurocognitive functioning. Multiple regression analyses were conducted for six basic cognitive dimensions known to be affected in this population: verbal learning, verbal memory, verbal comprehensive abilities, executive functioning, motor dexterity and sustained attention.ResultsPre-morbid functioning was the main predictor for five out of the six basic cognitive domains. Pre-morbid social adjustment difficulties were associated with worse performance in executive functioning, motor dexterity and sustained attention. Academic functioning was associated with verbal comprehension, and verbal learning and memory. Gender, age of onset, duration of untreated psychosis, and family history of psychosis had no or limited value as predictors of neurocognitive outcome.ConclusionsPoor pre-morbid functioning was related to a worse performance in the six basic cognitive dimensions evaluated; however, this accounted for only a small amount of the explained variance. Cognitive impairment is a prominent feature in patients with early psychosis regardless of favorable prognostic features such as short duration of illness, female gender, later age of onset, and non-family history of psychosis.
Multiobjective Long‐Term Planning of Biopharmaceutical Manufacturing Facilities
Authors: Lakhdar K. , Savery J. , Papageorgiou L. G. , Farid S. S. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractBiopharmaceutical companies with large portfolios of clinical and commercial products typically need to allocate production across several multiproduct facilities, including third party contract manufacturers. This poses several capacity planning challenges which are further complicated by the need to satisfy different stakeholders often with conflicting objectives. This work addresses the question of how a biopharmaceutical manufacturer can make better long‐term capacity planning decisions given multiple strategic criteria such as cost, risk, customer service level, and capacity utilization targets. A long‐term planning model that allows for multiple facilities and accounts for multiple objectives via goal programming is developed. An industrial case study based on a large scale biopharmaceutical manufacturer is used to illustrate the functionality of the model. A single objective model is used to identify how best to use existing capacity so as to maximize profits for different demand scenarios. Mitigating risk due to unforeseen circumstances by including a dual facility constraint is shown to be a reasonable strategy at base case demand levels but unacceptable if demands are 150% higher than expected. The capacity analysis identifies where existing capacity fails to meet demands given the constraints. A multiobjective model is used to demonstrate how key performance measures change given different decision making policies where different weights are assigned to cost, customer service level, and utilization targets. The analysis demonstrates that a high profit can still be achieved while meeting key targets more closely. The sensitivity of the optimal solution to different limits on the targets is illustrated.
Assessment of a juvenile and trash excluder device in a Vietnamese shrimp trawl fishery
Authors: Eayrs Steve , Hai Nguyen Phong , Ley Janet 
Published: October 2007

Abstract
Eayrs, S., Hai, N. P., and Ley, J. 2007. Assessment of a juvenile and trash excluder device in a Vietnamese shrimp trawl fishery. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 64: 1598–1602. In this study, we (i) identified why Vietnamese shrimp fishers land juvenile fish illegally; (ii) identified groups of fishers that would use a bycatch reduction device (BRD) to exclude these fish; (iii) studied the hydrodynamic performance of a juvenile and trash excluder device (JTED) in a flume tank; and (iv) assessed the performance of this device under commercial fishing conditions. Based on the responses of 65 fishers to a questionnaire, we found that juvenile fish are now an important economic component of the total catch, and that fishers operating larger boats were more willing to use a JTED to exclude these fish than fishers operating smaller boats. The hydrodynamic study of a JTED identified the location of low-velocity regions around the device and codend, and this information can be used to identify the location of a secondary BRD to allow more fish to escape. The at-sea assessment of this device found that 73% of juvenile fish, 16% of valuable fish, and 8% of shrimp were excluded by the JTED, although most valuable fish and shrimp were smaller than the minimum legal landing size. Overall, this loss represents a 9% reduction in revenue. Yield-per-recruit analysis indicated that this could be offset by not catching fish less than the minimum legal landing size.