bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lithium augmentation of topiramate for bipolar disorder with comorbid binge eating disorder and obesity
Authors: Kotwal Renu , Guerdjikova Anna , McElroy Susan L. , Keck Paul E. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness of lithium augmentation of topiramate on mood symptoms, binge eating behavior, and body weight in obese bipolar patients with binge eating disorder (BED) seeking weight management.MethodWe conducted a naturalistic study of 12 consecutive outpatients with bipolar disorders, BED, and obesity who received lithium augmentation for mood instability during the course of topiramate‐based pharmacotherapy for obesity and BED. Lithium was added to topiramate (mean dose 514 mg i.d.) and titrated to a mean dose of 1009 mg i.d. (mean plasma concentration 0.7 mmol/L). Treatment response was assessed by comparing changes in clinical severity scales for mood and eating disorders, weekly binge eating frequency, and weight for the 2 months before and the first 2 months during lithium treatment.ResultsA statistically significant improvement in global severity of mood symptoms was observed after as compared to before lithium augmentation. Statistically insignificant reductions in weight and in binge frequency and severity were also observed after lithium addition.ConclusionOptimal weight loss treatment in obese patients with comorbid bipolar and BEDs may require stabilization of mood. The combination of lithium and topiramate may have a role in the management of this difficult‐to‐treat population. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A quantitative study of sediment delivery and stream pollution from different forest road types
Authors: Sheridan Gary J. , Noske Philip J. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractThe objective of this paper is to quantify, and enable the prediction of, sediment delivery and water pollution impacts from a spectrum of forest roads. Ten 100–200 m long sections of forest road were selected to incorporate a wide range of the key physical site factors that are likely to affect the rate of sediment generation. Each road section was permanently instrumented for 1 year to measure rainfall and runoff continuously. Suspended load, bedload, and traffic were integrated measurements over 2‐ to 3‐week site‐service intervals. Total annual sediment load (normalized for slope) varied about 25‐fold, from 216 mg m−2per millimetre of rain for a high‐quality gravel surfaced road with minimal traffic to 5373 mg m−2per millimetre of rain for an unsurfaced road on an erodible subsoil with moderate light‐vehicle traffic. For the seven gravel‐surfaced roads in this study, truck traffic (axles/week) explained 97% of the variation in annual sediment delivery (per unit of rainfall) from the road. Equations are proposed that allow annual sediment delivery rates to be estimated when net rainfall, road slope, road area, and truck traffic are known. Roads produce runoff rapidly and were found to deliver sediment for about the same duration as rainfall is falling, in this study varying between 5 and 10% of the time. The patterns of sediment delivery measured from the experimental roads (frequency, duration, and intensity) in this study are similar to levels that have been shown to alter the composition of in‐stream macroinvertebrate communities in small (e.g. <10 l s−1), clean, mountain streams. However, in larger well‐mixed streams (e.g. >500 l s−1), dilution is sufficient to prevent concentrations reaching critical levels that are likely to result in biological impacts. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Heat treatment of BMP‐2 depots on implant materials generates an immobilized layer of BMP‐2 with pronounced bioactivity
Authors: Winkler Lars , Bingmann Dieter , Wiemann Martin 
Published: August 2006

AbstractBone cells seeded directly on depots of bone morphogenetic protein‐2 (BMP‐2) increase alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expression. Heating of such BMP‐2 depots to 100°C augmented the intensity of this local ALP induction. To understand this unexpected finding, we investigated the effect of heat treatment on BMP‐2 depots more closely. Using a novel bioassay based on ALP‐induction of remote cells, we found that the amount of released bioactive BMP‐2 from heat‐treated depots decays within days and could be described by an exponential function. From this function, we expected that pre‐incubation of BMP‐2 depots in culture medium for 4 weeks renders them insufficient to induce ALP. However, preincubated, heat‐treated depots still induced maximal ALP, unless treated with the selective BMP‐2 inhibitor noggin. Furthermore, heat treatment of BMP‐2 depots generated a layer of immunoreactive BMP‐2 at the surface of the carrier. In contrast, BMP‐2 was washed off completely if heat treatment of adsorbed protein was omitted. Results show that heat treatment generates both a soluble pool of BMP‐2 and a material‐bound layer of BMP‐2 in which the protein is protected against degradation. Therefore, heat treatment appears useful to locally immobilize BMP‐2 on various implant surfaces. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2006
Influence of modified extracellular matrices on TI6AL4V implants on binding and release of VEGF
Authors: Wolf‐Brandstetter Cornelia , Lode Anja , Hanke Thomas , Scharnweber Dieter , Worch Hartmut 
Published: August 2006

AbstractBesides osteoconductive and osteoinductive signals, angiogenesis plays a crucial role in bone development and regeneration and consequently in the integration of implants. Therefore we investigated in this study the binding and release behaviour of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) from Ti6Al4V surfaces coated with 3‐dimensional collageneous matrices, some additionally modified with heparin. The heparin was incorporated using different methods: a) adsorptive immobilization b) crosslinking with N‐(3‐dimethylaminopropyl)‐N′‐ethylcarbodiimide (EDC) or c) incorporating during self‐assembly of fibrils followed by cross‐linking. For unmodified samples, maximum VEGF adsorption was reached with 85 ng VEGF/cm2. On all 3d‐collagen coated surfaces studied (with or without heparin), no saturation could be observed in the range of 0–256 ng VEGF/cm2.Improved release kinetics were observed for the modified coatings. The initial burst of VEGF within the first 24 h was diminished. From the third day of delivery heparinized matrices showed a higher release of VEGF than the pure collagen matrix and the unmodified reference surface, respectively. In vitro, the proliferation of human dermal microvascular endothelial cells was increased with released VEGF from all investigated samples compared to a VEGF‐free control. After 7 days highest increases in cell numbers were observed with solutions from heparinized matrices.It is concluded that functionalization of Ti6Al4V surfaces with heparinized collageneous matrices and VEGF leads to advantageous properties concerning the impact on angiogenesis and thus may improve bone regeneration in the microenvironment of implants. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2006
Synthesis and evaluation of injectable, in situ crosslinkable synthetic extracellular matrices for tissue engineering
Authors: Shu Xiao Zheng , Ahmad Shama , Liu Yanchun , Prestwich Glenn D. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractSimple and effective biocompatible materials that mimic the natural extracellular matrix (ECM) were developed for a variety of uses in regenerative medicine. These synthetic ECMs (sECMs) were designed to recapitulate the minimal composition required to obtain functional ECMs. The sECM components are crosslinkable in situ, and may be seeded with cells prior to injection in vivo, without compromising either the cells or the recipient tissues. Several sECM compositions were evaluated to establish which formulation would be most beneficial for cell growth and tissue remodeling. Three natural ECM macromonomeric building blocks were employed: hyaluronan (HA), chondroitin sulfate (CS), and gelatin (Gtn). The carboxyl‐rich glycosaminoglycans and Gtn were each chemically modified to give the corresponding thiolated dithiopropionylhydrazide (DTPH) derivatives (CS‐DTPH, HA‐DTPH, and Gtn‐DTPH). Different compositions of CS‐Gtn and HA‐Gtn hydrogels were fabricated by crosslinking the thiolated biomacromonomers with polyethylene glycol diacrylate. Each sECM had high water content (>96%), biologically suitable mechanical properties, and a useful gelation time (∼2–6 min). The bioerosion rates for the sECMs were determined, and a given composition could be selected to meet the requirements of a given clinical application. Both the HA‐Gtn and CS‐Gtn sECM hydrogels supported cell growth and proliferation with cultured murine fibroblasts in vitro. Moreover, subcutaneous injection of a suspension of murine fibroblasts in each of the two sECM hydrogels into nude mice in vivo resulted in the formation of viable and uniform soft tissue in vivo. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2006
Heparin‐immobilized biodegradable scaffolds for local and sustained release of angiogenic growth factor
Authors: Yoon Jun Jin , Chung Hyun Jung , Lee Hyuk Jin , Park Tae Gwan 
Published: August 2006

AbstractHeparin‐immobilized porous biodegradable scaffolds were fabricated to release basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in a sustained manner. Heparin was covalently conjugated onto the surface of macroporous PLGA scaffolds fabricated by a gas‐foaming/salt‐leaching method. Sustained release of bFGF was successfully achieved for over 20 days due to high affinity of bFGF onto the immobilized heparin. It appears that bFGF release rate was regulated by the specific interaction between bFGF and heparin. The bFGF fraction released from the scaffolds maintained its bioactivity, as judged from determining the proliferation extent of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in vitro. When heparin‐immobilized scaffolds loaded with bFGF were implanted subcutaneously in vivo, they effectively induced the formation of blood vessels in the vicinity of the implant site. This study demonstrated that local and sustained delivery of angiogenic growth factor for tissue regeneration could be achieved by surface modification of porous scaffolds with heparin. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2006
Diffusion of bioactive molecules through the walls of the medial tissue‐engineered hybrid ePTFE grafts for applications in designs of vascular tissue regeneration
Authors: Noh Insup , Choi Yoon‐Jeong , Son Youngsook , Kim Chun‐Ho , Hong Seung‐Hwa , Hong Choong‐Man , Shin In‐Soo , Park Sue‐Nie , Park Beom‐Young 
Published: August 2006

AbstractStrategies of better vascular tissue engineering may require delivery of soluble bioactive signals in cell culture medium to the cells in tissue‐regenerating constructs. We measured the diffusivity and permeability of model tissue‐engineering bioactive molecules such as water and heparin through the walls of both a hybrid ePTFE graft and a porcine carotid artery, a model vascular tissue. While diffusivities of H3‐water and H3‐heparin were measured as 3.9 × 10−6 and 1.6 × 10−6 cm2/s in the artery, respectively, under diffusional circulation of cell culture medium through the lumens of the carotid arteries, their corresponding permeabilities were 4.7 × 10−5 and 2.0 × 10−5 cm/s. On the other hand, diffusivities of H3‐water and H3‐heparin were also measured as 5.1 × 10−6 and 4.7 × 10−6 cm2/s, respectively, in the tissue‐engineered hybrid ePTFE grafts; their corresponding permeabilities were 5.1 × 10−5 and 3.7 × 10−5 cm/s. The hybrid graft tissues were engineered by replacing the biodegradable, porous poly(lactide‐co‐glycolide) layers coated on the ePTFE surfaces with smooth muscle cell‐derived tissues for 6 weeks. We analyzed the morphologies of the artery and the engineered hybrid ePTFE tissues with scanning electron microscopy and H&E stains. While the artery had its typical structure properties with layers of intima, media and adventitia, the tissue‐engineered ePTFE hybrid graft had two layers of engineered tissues on the inner and outer surfaces of the ePTFE. There were no significant differences among the luminal tissue morphologies of the test samples from the effects of diffusion flow applications, with minor changes on their luminal surfaces. The results of water and heparin diffusion experiments indicated that these bioactive molecules were well transported from the cell culture medium to the tissue‐engineering cells, enough to support tissue regeneration. We hope that these transport results may elucidate the transport behaviors of soluble nutrient molecules and biological signals through the vascular constructs under tissue engineering processes. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2006
Self‐assembled copper‐capillary alginate gel scaffolds with oligochitosan support embryonic stem cell growth
Authors: Willenberg Bradley J. , Hamazaki Takashi , Meng Fan‐Wei , Terada Naohiro , Batich Christopher 
Published: August 2006

AbstractBiomaterial scaffolds are fundamental components of strategies aimed at engineering a wide range of tissues. Scaffolds possessing uniform, oriented microtubular architectures could be ideal for multiple tissues, but are challenging to produce. Therefore, we developed hydrogel scaffolds possessing regular, tubular microstructures from self‐assembled copper‐capillary alginate gel (CCAG). To abrogate the rapid dissolution of CCAG in cell culture media, we treated it with oligochitosan and created a stable oligochitosan–CCAG (OCCAG) polyelectrolyte complex. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed polyelectrolyte complexation between alginate and oligochitosan. OCCAG retained capillary morphology, shrank anisotropically in bulk, lost Cu2+ ions, and maintained (71.9 ± 5.65)% of its mass in cell culture media. Next, we seeded mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells within OCCAG scaffolds, and examined cell morphology and quantified cell growth and viability over four days. ES cells were guided to form cylindrical structures of staggered cells within scaffold capillaries. Analysis of the total cells recovered from the scaffolds revealed exponential cell growth (normalized to day 0) that was statistically similar to gelatinized‐plate controls. OCCAG‐cultured ES cell viability was also not significantly different from controls at day 4. CCAG‐derived scaffolds can therefore serve as a unique platform for stem cell‐based tissue engineering. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2006
Development and characterization of porous silver‐incorporated hydroxyapatite ceramic for separation and elimination of microorganisms
Authors: Yang Lei , Ning Xiaoshan , Xiao Qunfang , Chen Kexin , Zhou Heping 
Published: August 2006

AbstractA novel filter material for separating and eliminating microorganisms in water and gas was fabricated by incorporating silver ions into porous hydroxyapatite (HA) ceramics prepared by a starch additive technique. The porous ceramics reveal a microstructure of both large and small pores. Microorganism separating and eliminating properties of the porous silver‐incorporated HA ceramics (PHA‐Ag) were investigated by bacterial and viral filtration tests. The PHA‐Ag demonstrated excellent separating and antibacterial effects on Escherichia coli and the mechanisms were studied. Adsorption of bacterial cells to the HA and the barricading effect of small pores contribute to the separating property of PHA‐Ag, while the Ag+ ions equip the ceramics with antibacterial property. Furthermore, the PHA‐Ag exhibited an observable virus‐eliminating property and its probable mechanism was also discussed. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2006
Microperoxidase primer promotes adhesion of butylborane‐polymerized resin to dentin
Authors: Taira Yohsuke , Soeno Kohyoh , Atsuta Mitsuru 
Published: August 2006

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of dentin primers containing microperoxidase (MP‐11) with 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) on the bond strength between a tri‐n‐butylborane‐initiated self‐polymerizing resin and dentin. Bovine dentin surfaces were etched with 10 wt % phosphoric acid, primed, and then bonded with stainless steel rods. Tensile bond strength after 24 h of storage in water was significantly influenced by both MP‐11 and HEMA. Groups with no MP‐11 showed the lowest values. Without HEMA, the bond strengths of groups using 0.01, 0.1, and 1.0 μmol/g MP‐11 were statistically identical, and also greater than that of the no MP‐11 control. In the presence of HEMA, the bond strength was significantly enhanced with an increasing concentration of MP‐11. The highest bond strength of 29.0 MPa was obtained with aqueous HEMA primer, containing 1.0 μmol/g MP‐11. Microscopic observation showed the formation of a hybrid layer at the bonded interface. Polymerization of the resin was significantly accelerated with the MP‐11 primer. In conclusion, MP‐11 has a potential for adhesive bonding promoter between the resin and the demineralized dentin surface. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2006
Grafting amine‐terminated branched architectures from poly(L‐lactide) film surfaces for improved cell attachment
Authors: Janorkar Amol V. , Fritz Edward W. , Burg Karen J. L. , Metters Andrew T. , Hirt Douglas E. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractPoly(L‐lactide) (PLL) has been used as a bioabsorbable material in the medical and pharmaceutical fields. The unmodified hydrophobic PLL surface generally has low cell affinity; thus, modification of PLL film surface properties is necessary to improve its use as a biomaterial. Our surface modification method involved the use of photografting and typical wet chemistry to create branched architectures containing amine functionalities on the periphery of the grafted layers. Amine (NH2) groups were first introduced on the PLL film surface by photoinduced grafting of 4,4′‐diaminobenzophenone and the grafted branched architectures were created by subsequent reactions with succinic acid and tris(2‐aminoethyl) amine. The resulting film surface was analyzed using contact angle goniometry and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. MC3T3 fibroblasts were cultured on unmodified PLL film and PLL films grafted with the branched structures and the films were subsequently analyzed by optical microscopy. The contact angle goniometry results showed an initial decrease and subsequent plateau in the water contact angles for the PLL films with each successive generation of the branched architectures. The X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy data provided insight into the structure of the grafted layer and revealed an increase in the nitrogen content with each generation. Optical micrographs showed enhanced cell attachment and viability on the surface‐modified PLL films. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2006
Unphosphorylated MARCKS is involved in neurite initiation induced by insulin‐like growth factor‐I in SH‐SY5Y cells
Authors: Shiraishi Mitsuya , Tanabe Atsuhiro , Saito Naoaki , Sasaki Yasuharu 
Published: August 2006

AbstractMyristoylated alanine‐rich C kinase substrate (MARCKS) has been suggested to be involved in various aspects of neuronal cell differentiation, including neurite outgrowth. However, the precise mechanisms by which MARCKS phosphorylation is regulated, and how MARCKS contributes to neurite outgrowth, are poorly understood. Here, we found that treatment of SH‐SY5Y cells with insulin‐like growth factor‐I (IGF‐I) induced a rapid and transient decrease in the level of phosphorylated MARCKS (P‐MARCKS) to below the basal level. The decrease in P‐MARCKS induced by IGF‐I was blocked by pretreatment of cells with phosphoinositide 3‐kinase (PI3K) inhibitors, LY294002 and wortmannin. A decrease in P‐MARCKS was also observed in cells treated with a Rho‐dependent kinase (ROCK) inhibitor, Y27632. Furthermore, IGF‐I induced transient inactivation of RhoA, an upstream effector of ROCK. We showed that MARCKS was translocated to the membrane and colocalized with F‐actin at the lamellipodia and the tips of neurites in the cells stimulated with IGF‐I. Finally, overexpression of wild‐type MARCKS or an unphosphorylatable mutant of MARCKS enhanced the number of neurite‐bearing cells relative to vector‐transfected cells. Taken together, these findings suggest that unphosphorylated MARCKS is involved in neurite initiation, and highlight the important role played by MARCKS in organization of the actin cytoskeleton. J. Cell. Physiol. 209: 1029–1038, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Application of microscopic techniques in authentication of herbal tea—Ku‐Ding‐Cha
Authors: Tam Chun‐Fung , Peng Yong , Liang Zhi‐Tao , He Zhen‐Dan , Zhao Zhong‐Zhen 
Published: August 2006

AbstractKu‐Ding‐Cha, a kind of herbal tea, has been widely used in China for a long time to support cardiovascular health. Confusion arises because in different parts of China different plants are used to produce the commercial teas. It is important to determine the identity of the used species in order to authenticate genuine Ku‐Ding‐Cha. However, once the plants have been processed, it is difficult to identify them through macroscopic identification; other means are necessary. A comparative study was made on 24 samples of Ku‐Ding‐Cha, including five standard identified and authenticated plants and 19 commercial samples, by microscopic techniques. The results showed that the shapes of leaf blades, xylem cells, stone cells, and calcium oxalate crystals could be used for the identification of the plants from which the commercial products were made. The method was proven to be quick, handy, simple, and convenient. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Vasomodulation of skeletal muscle BOLD signal
Authors: Bulte Daniel P. , Alfonsi Jeff , Bells Sonya , Noseworthy Michael D. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate whether the BOLD signal from skeletal muscle can be modulated by exercise and ingestion of vasoactive substances.Materials and MethodsThe right calf muscles of healthy adult volunteers were imaged using a GE 1.5‐Tesla scanner and a gradient‐echo sequence with spiral readout. Time‐varying changes in the BOLD signal were induced through cyclic phases of normoxia (90 seconds of 20.8% O2) and hyperoxia (45 seconds of 100% O2 at 22 L/minute). Superimposed on this paradigm were pre‐ and post‐exercise regimes, with and without ingestion of caffeine (100 mg) or antihistamine (4 mg chlorpheniramine). The numbers of voxels within slow‐twitch (soleus) and fast‐twitch (gastrocnemius) muscles that significantly responded to the paradigms were scored and compared using the AFNI software (NIMH).ResultsCycling‐inspired O2 produced a corresponding BOLD modulation that increased in magnitude with exercise. Chlorpheniramine significantly (P < 0.01) prevented the overall increase in exercise‐induced soleus muscle BOLD signal, while caffeine accentuated the increase (P < 0.05) in the gastrocnemius relative to control (no vasomodulator) conditions.ConclusionBOLD signal changes with exercise can be modulated by standard doses of chlorpheniramine (antihis‐tamine) and caffeine. We suggest that chlorpheniramine may act detrimentally on slow‐twitch muscle contractility, while caffeine appears to improve fast‐twitch muscle function. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.