bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Post-drainage vegetation, microtopography and organic matter in Arctic drained lake basins
Authors: Wolter Juliane , Jones Benjamin M , Fuchs Matthias , Breen Amy , Bussmann Ingeborg , Koch Boris , Lenz Josefine , Myers-Smith Isla H , Sachs Torsten , Strauss Jens , Nitze Ingmar , Grosse Guido 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Wetlands in Arctic drained lake basins (DLBs) have a high potential for carbon storage in vegetation and peat as well as for elevated greenhouse gas emissions. However, the evolution of vegetation and organic matter is rarely studied in DLBs, making these abundant wetlands especially uncertain elements of the permafrost carbon budget. We surveyed multiple DLB generations in northern Alaska with the goal to assess vegetation, microtopography, and organic matter in surface sediment and pond water in DLBs and to provide the first high-resolution land cover classification for a DLB system focussing on moisture-related vegetation classes for the Teshekpuk Lake region. We associated sediment properties and methane concentrations along a post-drainage succession gradient with remote sensing-derived land cover classes. Our study distinguished five eco-hydrological classes using statistical clustering of vegetation data, which corresponded to the land cover classes. We identified surface wetness and time since drainage as predictors of vegetation composition. Microtopographic complexity increased after drainage. Organic carbon and nitrogen contents in sediment, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and dissolved nitrogen (DN) in ponds were high throughout, indicating high organic matter availability and decomposition. We confirmed wetness as a predictor of sediment methane concentrations. Our findings suggest moderate to high methane concentrations independent of drainage age, with particularly high concentrations beneath submerged patches (up to 200 μmol l−1) and in pond water (up to 22 μmol l−1). In our DLB system, wet and shallow submerged patches with high methane concentrations occupied 54% of the area, and ponds with high DOC, DN and methane occupied another 11%. In conclusion, we demonstrate that DLB wetlands are highly productive regarding organic matter decomposition and methane production. Machine learning-aided land cover classification using high-resolution multispectral satellite imagery provides a useful tool for future upscaling of sediment properties and methane emission potentials from Arctic DLBs.
Correlation between growth and yield of chili pepper cultivated in histisols
Authors: Ganefianti D W , Gusmara H , Mindro N A 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Correlations between plant traits is commonly applied in selection to increase effectiveness, and the path analysis can separate them into direct and indirect impacts. This research studied the closeness of the relationships between characters and decomposed it into a direct and indirect relationship between 14 chili genotypes on peat soils. This research was conducted from June 2022 to October 2022 in an agricultural zone station, University of Bengkulu. The soil used is peat soil. A randomized completely block design with three replications of 14 chili genotypes treatment was used to evaluate the study. Each genotype was planted in beds, with 2 genotypes and 20 plants per genotype. Observational data were then analyzed statistically using the correlation formula followed by significant and cross-finding tests using Microsoft Excel. The results showed that the growth characteristics and yield components such as plant height, leaf width, number of primary branches, number of primary branches, number of dichotomies, and number of fruits per plant were positively correlated with chili pepper yields. The determining characteristics for high chili yield on peatland were the number of fruits per plant, the number of dichotomies and the width of the leaves.
In-vitro endophytic bacteria activity against Ralstonia syzygii subsp. indonesiensis, the causal agent of bacterial wilt disease in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) to achieve sustainable agriculture
Authors: Nababan T , Lisnawita  , Safni I 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The bacterial wilt disease transmitted through soil, identified as Ralstonia syzygii subsp. indonesiensis, is a substantial vascular disease and major constraint in various Solanaceae plants. The use endophytic bacteria-as Arthrobacter sp. and Bacillus thuringiensis-is one approach to control this pathogen. In vitro test using the disc paper method was conducted to evaluate the compatibility of Arthrobacter sp. and B. thuringiensis, along with their inhibitory capabilities through secondary metabolite production, in suppressing the growth of R. syzygii subsp. indonesiensis. The results showed incompatibility among isolates of endophytic bacterial, consequently, both endophytic bacteria were capable suppressing the growth of the R. syzygii subsp. indonesiensis significantly. Arthrobacter sp. formed a larger inhibition zone compared to B. thuringiensis, and both endophytic bacteria can be candidate biological control agents to reduce pesticide use to control R. syzygii subsp. indonesiensis, which therefore achieving more environmentally agriculture sustainability.
Development of the vegetative period under salinity stress in several upland rice varieties
Authors: Zahara S , Damanik R I 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
As a food crop, upland rice varieties grow well on dry land and without irrigation. Upland rice itself is an environmentally friendly cultivation because it minimizes the use of chemicals and can grow without cultivation. Not only that, in superior varieties blast resistance and tolerance to Al poisoning are important properties that must be possessed. Some rice varieties also have tolerance to salinity, however, the development of rice on saline land is hampered by the availability of varieties produced by conventional breeding at the Center for Rice Crop Research. Given these problems, testing of superior rice for salinity tolerance is carried out for the development of national rice production. Salinity stress is a form of plant response that limits crop production due to the amount of dissolved salts in the soil which reduces the ability of plants to absorb water. Currently, research has started using the varieties sitabagendit, inpago 12 and inpago 13 with a combination of 4.5 dS/m, the plants are still in a moderate state. However, it still affects plant growth.
Diversity of undergrowth types in frankincense stands in Humbang Hasundutan Regency
Authors: Rambey R , Nusantary M , Sihite F , Saputra M H , Kembaren Y , Sahala S , Marpaung M 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Understory plants are one of Indonesia’s biodiversity. The presence of undergrowth has an important role in the ecosystem and economy of the surrounding community. Research on the diversity of understory plants in the Frankincense forest has never been carried out. This research aims to determine the diversit y of understory plants in incense stands in Humbang Hasundutan Regency. Sampling was carried out using understory vegetation analysis plots. Analysis of the distribution pattern of incense using the standardized Morisita’s index. Based on the results of vegetation analysis at the understory level, 27 types of understory plants were found in community forests, with the most dominant type found being the fern (Diplazium esculentum) with an IVI value of 25.90%. In the protected forest, 16 types of understory plants were found with the most dominant type being Etlingera elatior with an IVI value of 31.48%. Species diversity in community forests (2.76) is in the medium category and in protected forests (2.48) is in the medium category. Species richness (R) in Community Forests is 4.34 in the medium category and in protected forests is low (2.36).
Survey of Insects Associated with some Species of Cucurbitaceae in Iraq
Authors: Al-Saffar H H , Augul R S , Ali Z A A 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDue to the spread of insect pests that destroys the crops belonging to the Cucurbitaceae family and led to deterioration in crop productivity in Iraq due to various reasons, the most important of which is Climate fluctuation and extreme weather events have a major impact on this problem. So, this paper was proposed to identify those species pests and prevalence. Insects were collected during the period from March 1. 2022 to October 30, 2022 from the several regions of Iraq, including: Baghdad, Babylon, Basra, Karbala, Wasit, Diyala, Saladin, and Duhok Provinces. The results showed 19 important species under 17 genera with 13 families, and five orders. The most common synonyms and distribution of species, as well as the plant hosts were provided; and the scientific names have been corrected according to the recent references. The date and localities of the specimens’ collection were presented. In conclusion, the species ofDacus frontalisBeecker, 1922 andD. ciliatesLoew, 1862 were the most abundant pests in studied regions, especially Diyala, Wasit, and Baghdad Provinces. In contrast toCarpomya pardalina(Bigot, 1891), which was the least prevalent among the recorded species.
Regression coefficient of semen characteristics of buffalo bulls on seminal plasma proteins
Authors: Musa K S , Abdulkareem T A 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAn experiment was carried out to explore the regression coefficients (RC) of semen characteristics on seminal proteins of buffalo bulls. SDS-PAGE resolved seminal proteins. A life sperm (LS) percentage exhibited a negative and significant RC on PF1 (111.5 ± 18.0 kDa), PF4 (36.13 ± 3.33 kDa), and PF5 (28. 88 ± 3.26 kDa) proteins, namely -0.13, -0.63 and -0.69 % / kDa respectively. A sperm acrosome integrity (SAI) percentage exhibited a pronounced negative RC on PF1 and PF2 (87.63 ± 16.5 kDa), -0.13 and -0.14 % / kDa, respectively. A negative RC was noticed in SAI percentage on PF4 (-0.61 % / kDa) and PF5 (-0.60 % / kDa) proteins. A pronounced positive RC was shown for total sperm abnormalities (TSA) on PF1 proteins (0.02 % / kDa). In conclusion, some semen attributes had a negative RC on some seminal proteins. In conclusion, some semen attributes had a negative RC on seminal proteins. These provide us with a good tool for early predicting the buffalo bull’s fertility to reduce the economic losses of male infertility and enhance the developmental sustainability of buffalo production in Iraq.
The Effect of seaweed (Eucheuma cottonii) extract and duration of soaking on reduction of Copper (Cu) level in Freshwater Mussel (Pilsbryoconcha exilis)
Authors: Dewinta A F , Susanti A , Susetya I E 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Freshwater Mussels (Pilsbryoconcha exilis) are filter-feeder animals that have eating habits by filtering food in the water, making it possible that heavy metal copper (Cu) will accumulate in the body of the mussel. One type of seaweed that can absorb heavy metals is Eucheuma cottonii because it contains iota carrageenan (65%) which is a sulfated polysaccharide containing hydroxyl groups and carboxyl groups capable of retaining and accumulating heavy metals. In addition E. cottoni as a biosorbent in the aquatic environment. This research aims to determine the effect of extract concentration and the best soaking time in reducing copper (Cu) levels. This research was conducted from April to May 2023. In this study, the concentrations used were 6%, 10%, and 14% with a period of 45 minutes, 90 minutes, and 135 minutes. The results showed that the concentration of 14% extract with a soaking time of 135 minutes showed the highest decrease in copper (Cu) levels of 1.298 mg/kg or 87.10% and the lowest decrease in copper (Cu) metal levels at a concentration of 6% with a soaking time of 45 minutes of 0.442 mg/kg or 29.68%.
Purification of used cooking oil using natural corn cob and carbon corn cob as adsorbent with batch operation
Authors: Haryanto B , Hutagaol L N , Sianturi N C , Fazira M , Sitorus J , Alexander V 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Adsorption is one of the processes used to purify used cooking oil by using adsorbents from natural and carbonized corn cob as part of sustainability. The adsorption process is chosen because it is more economical, efficient, relatively affordable cost, and can be regenerated. This study was conducted in batches to observe changes in the quality of used cooking oil at certain time intervals and to determine the modeling of adsorption kinetics on natural corn cob and carbonized corn cob adsorbents. The sample of this study is 100 ml of used cooking oil with adsorbents in the form of natural corn cob and carbonized corn cob with a mass of 3 grams and a particle size of 70 mesh. This study’s best adsorption result is corn cob carbon adsorbent. This can be seen from the final turbidity value of 37.3 NTU compared to the natural corn cob adsorbent of 37.6 NTU. This study found that the adsorption process that occurs has chemical interactions as evidenced by second-order pseudo-modeling, which has a correlation coefficient close to one.
Low concentration 1-MCP limit ripening process of mango cv. ‘gedong gincu’ during low temperature storage
Authors: Setiawan C K , Sari K F , Utama N A 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Mango fruit still ripens and senesces after harvest. The presence of ethylene will shorten the shelf life of mangoes during long transportation processes. The purpose of this research is to find out how long the ‘gedong gincu’ mango (Mangifera indica L.) can be kept at 15°C after being treated with 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP). This study conducted experiments in the lab using a completely randomized approach with a single factor that included treatment with and without 500 ppb 1-MCP. Both was kept at 15°C for both sessions. Weight, color, hardness, total dissolved solids, total titrated acid, and chilling injury score were measured in this study. Analysis of data will be conducted using a t-test at α = 5% using Microsoft Analysis Toolpak. The study found that adding 1-MCP to mango cv ‘gedong gincu’ had a significant effect (p<0.05) on its color change, hardness, total titrated acidity, and chilling injury score during storage at low temperatures. This suggests that 1-MCP may be able to delay the ripening process by ethylene and extend the shelf life of ‘gedong gincu’ mangoes when stored at 15°C, thereby contributing largely to food loss prevention.
Consumer perception of decocted coffee leaf tea originated from different altitude
Authors: Fibrianto K , Sholihah N , Bimo I A 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
It is commonly known that plantation location influences the composition of the coffee component as well as the leaves. Therefore, it was expected that the difference location will also affect the quality of decocted one. In this current study, effect of plantation location is investigated on Arabica and Robusta coffee leaf tea. Two different coffee plantations were chosen as the region of observation (560 ASL and 1700 ASL). All the coffee leaf tea was brewed by decoction method, in which sensorially optimized by Just about Right (JAR) method. The sensory attributes of concern were included sweet, sour, bitter taste and astringent mouth-feel. Considering consumer preference on the brewed coffee leaf tea, the decoction brewing condition were set on 95°C for 5 minutes. Additionally, coffee leaf tea grown at higher altitudes exhibits significantly greater total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity (p < 0.05). Not only does this tea have higher TPC and antioxidant activity at higher altitudes, but it also shows superior consumer sensory acceptability. This may be supported by the fact that higher altitude coffee leaf tea has more diverse sensory driver components than that of lower altitude coffee leaf tea as suggested by LC-MS.
Encapsulation of anthocyanins from purple yam extract (Dioscorea alata, L.) flour using maltodextrin-whey protein isolate
Authors: Tamaroh S , Sari Y P 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Anthocyanins are antioxidant compounds that can act as anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, and prevention of diabetes. In Indonesia, many foods are rich in anthocyanin compounds, including purple yam tuber (Dioscorea alata L.). Anthocyanins are easily damaged by exposure to light changes in pH and temperature. Encapsulation can increase the nutritional value, color, shelf life, and bioavailability and stability of anthocyanin. The encapsulant such as maltodextrin and whey protein isolate were chosen because they were affordable and can protect the anthocyanin. Anthocyanin extract from purple yam flour were prepared to be incorporated in nanoencapsulation. Encapsulation were prepared with a ratio of maltodextrin and whey protein isolate = 1 : 3 (w/w) with anthocyanin extract of 5, 20 and 30%. Each formulas were dried by a spray drier. The results showed that the treatment using 30% anthocyanin extract resulted in the best nanoencapsulation. The encapsulation had anthocyanin content was 77.72 mg/100 g, total phenolic content was 510.07 mg GAE/100 g (db), antioxidant activity was 24.06 % RSA, color L* = 79.15, a * = 5.58, b* = -0.39. Therefore, anthocyanin extract encapsulation can be produced successfully by this method.
Food estate management strategy in Humbang Hasundutan Regency, North Sumatra Province
Authors: Syahputra O H , Anggraini N , Irmansyah T 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Food Estate is the concept of developing agricultural production on a wide scale, as an effort to create national food security by extensifying land as a form of large-scale agriculture that relies on the agricultural industry. Data were obtained from questionnaires through the Purposive sampling method, identification of internal and external factors can be carried out so that a food estate management strategy can be formulated using a SWOT analyst. Based on internal factors, the most important strength is the commitment of off-takers (cooperation, use of certified seeds, production targets, demplot, farm business analysis, and drip irrigation systems) with a score of 0.43, and the use of technology and increasing public knowledge about the horticultural system with a score of 0.43. While the variable that has the highest weakness is that land cannot be traded with a score of 0.42. The results of an external analysis obtained the opportunity variable with the highest value, namely the production cost borne by the off taker, and the agreed crop price between the off taker and farmers with a score of 0.44, and then external variables in the form of threats, namely pests and high rainfall with a score value of 0.42.
The effect of NPK fertiliser on oil palm coefficient as a baseline water management during the nursery phase
Authors: Sigalingging R , Sumono  , Pratiwi O W 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The Indonesian government views the oil palm industry as a promising sector for poverty alleviation. The germination process of seeds is influenced by water, requiring careful management. This study investigated the impact of NPK application and NPK fertiliser on the crop coefficient value of Tenera variety oil palm seedlings. The entisol soil used had a sandy clay texture, with sand comprising 81.00% of the soil composition. The soil texture, organic matter, bulk density, particle density, porosity, evapotranspiration, potential evaporation, percolation, moisture content at field capacity, and oven-dried root weight were measured with and without fertiliser to 50 oil palm trees at 3 to 6 months of age. The results show that NPK application has affected oil palm’s crop coefficient and growth. The highest dry root weight and plant coefficient obtained without fertiliser and with fertilisers at six months were 24.76 gr and 33.89 gr, 0.626 and 0.65, respectively. Root biomass, a sign of plant health and nutrient uptake, shows fertilization’s long-term effects. Six-month-old plants, especially fertiliser ones, have more extensive root dry weights, indicating persistent nutrition uptake and long-term resistance. Nutrient management is crucial to agricultural productivity, affecting the current crop and future growth phases.
NIR Spectroscopy application to determine the carbohydrate and lipid content in green bean coffee
Authors: Ayu P C , Rindang A , Sebayang N U W 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Coffee flavor is influenced by the chemical concentration including the carbohydrate and lipid content. Determination of the chemical content is still using the chemical method that spend time, expensive and destructive, then a suitable method which is fast and non destructive is required especially to fulfill the needs of coffee industries. This study aimed to apply NIRS method to determine the carbohydrate and lipid content from Indonesia green bean coffee from several origin to increase the data distribution, NIR wave of 1000-2500 nm, followed by determination of the carbohydrate and lipid content using chemical method. After that, NIR data pretreatment using multiple scatter correction (MSC), first and second derivative of savitzky golay, normalization and the combinations then calibrate both the spectra and chemical data by Partial Least Square (PLS) method. Result showed that NIR spectroscopy can be used to determine the carbohydrate and lipid content in green bean coffee could be seen by the high coefficient correlation, RPD and consistency value, while the CV is lower than 2.
Design of coffee roaster with controlled temperature system to maintain the sustainability of coffee roasting process
Authors: Ayu P C , Machrizailani M R , Rohanah A , Sinamo K N , Sebayang N U W 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
One of the most important process in producing coffee beverage is the roasting stage. Nowadays, roasting process is done using mechanic process by giving high temperature to coffee beans. However, the temperature is not controlled and the capacity tend too high or low, expensive and need a qualified coffee roaster to do this stage, which is not suitable for small and micro bussiness. This research aimed to answer those problems by designing a roasting machine that could control the temperature with a capacity of 4 kg per process. Result showed that the roasting machine could roast the coffee bean in 52 minutes to achieve the medium to dark roast level, and it is suitable for the small and micro bussiness according to the roasting profile and from the economic analysis this machine is feasible. Moreover, this coffee roaster is energy efficient and could provide a better livelihood for the user to produce the roasted beans even with no roasting experience.
Utilization of filter variation and FABA addition in biogas production from palm oil liquid waste to produce electricity
Authors: Raju  , Rohanah A , Simanullang S N A 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Industrial waste processing is the best step to create a healthy environment. Industrial waste has the potential to be used as biogas, one of which is palm oil liquid waste. Biogas is produced from the fermentation process of palm oil liquid waste with other materials such as sawdust and boiler ash assisted by EM4 as an activiator for bacteria in fermentation. The purpose of this research was to get the best data on the electric power of the variations and replications carried out. Biogas converted to electricity with 3 variations with 3 replication. P1 is 50% biogas and 50% LPG gas filtered using a sulfur filter, P2 is 50% biogas and 50% LPG gas filtered using a boiler scale filter, and P3 is 50% biogas and 50% LPG gas filtered using a combination filter of sulfur and boiler scale. The fermentation process produces biogas of 70,519.167 cm3 at 21 days. The highest average electricity is 242 watts at a sulfur filter, 176 watts at a sulfur and boiler cale filters, and 168,776 watts at a boiler scale filter.