bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advances on resources, biosynthesis pathway, bioavailability, bioactivity, and application of corylifolinin
Authors: Chen Shengxiong , Li Jiaxin , Hussain Hidayat , Lee Seok‐Geun , Cao Hui , Capanoglu Esra 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCorylifolinin, also known as isobavachalcone, is a flavonoid compound isolated from the seeds of Psoralea corylifolia L. With a rich array of biological activities, corylifolinin has emerged as a versatile therapeutic agent. It has demonstrated notable antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, anti‐tumor, anti‐bacterial, and anti‐viral properties. Moreover, corylifolinin holds promise in enhancing liver function, cardiovascular health, and providing neuroprotection. Its applications span a range of medical conditions, including hepatitis, cardiovascular disease, tumors, and inflammation. Herein, this comprehensive review delves into various aspects of corylifolinin, encompassing its sources, biosynthetic pathways, biotransformation, physicochemical properties, absorption, assimilation, metabolism, and excretion. It explores the molecular mechanisms underlying its diverse bioactivities in cellular and animal models. Furthermore, we present insights into clinical trials, human studies, toxicological profiles, safety considerations, marketed products, and patents related to corylifolinin. This compilation aims to serve as a valuable reference for both the development and clinical application of corylifolinin‐based therapies.
Optimization of extraction parameters of protein isolate from milk thistle seed: Physicochemical and functional characteristics
Authors: Ozgolet Muhammed , Cakmak Zeynep Hazal Tekin , Bozkurt Fatih , Sagdic Osman , Karasu Salih 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn the current study, optimization of milk thistle protein extraction parameters was carried out in terms of purity and yield. In addition, the characterization of proteins isolated from milk thistle seeds was conducted. The optimal conditions for achieving the highest purity of protein (MTP) from milk thistle seeds were identified as extraction pH 9.47, temperature 30°C, and extraction time 180 min. Conversely, optimal values for overall protein yield (MTY) were determined at extraction pH 12, temperature 50°C, and extraction time 167 min. The proteins obtained under these two sets of conditions (MTP and MTY) demonstrated comparable oil absorption capacity (OAC), foaming, and emulsifying capabilities, as well as stability, aligning with findings from previous studies on seed protein. Both proteins had the highest protein solubilities at pH 11. Both proteins’ zeta potentials were closest to zero at pH 4, demonstrating their closeness to the isoelectric point. MTP and MTY had poorer antioxidant capabilities than the other protein isolates/concentrates. MTP and MTY contain high β sheet concentrations that might enhance thermal stability and lower the digestibility of proteins. In conclusion, the protein extraction process demonstrated a high potential for achieving both substantial yield and remarkable purity with some decent technological and functional properties, thus holding promise for various applications in diverse fields.
Causation and familial confounding as explanations for the associations of polygenic risk scores with breast cancer: Evidence from innovative ICE FALCON and ICE CRISTAL analyses
Authors: Li Shuai , Dite Gillian S. , MacInnis Robert J. , Bui Minh , Nguyen Tuong L. , Esser Vivienne F. C. , Ye Zhoufeng , Dowty James G. , Makalic Enes , Sung Joohon , Giles Graham G. , Southey Melissa C. , Hopper John L. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA polygenic risk score (PRS) combines the associations of multiple genetic variants that could be due to direct causal effects, indirect genetic effects, or other sources of familial confounding. We have developed new approaches to assess evidence for and against causation by using family data for pairs of relatives (Inference about Causation from Examination of FAmiliaL CONfounding [ICE FALCON]) or measures of family history (Inference about Causation from Examining Changes in Regression coefficients and Innovative STatistical AnaLyses [ICE CRISTAL]). Inference is made from the changes in regression coefficients of relatives' PRSs or PRS and family history before and after adjusting for each other. We applied these approaches to two breast cancer PRSs and multiple studies and found that (a) for breast cancer diagnosed at a young age, for example, <50 years, there was no evidence that the PRSs were causal, while (b) for breast cancer diagnosed at later ages, there was consistent evidence for causation explaining increasing amounts of the PRS‐disease association. The genetic variants in the PRS might be in linkage disequilibrium with truly causal variants and not causal themselves. These PRSs cause minimal heritability of breast cancer at younger ages. There is also evidence for nongenetic factors shared by first‐degree relatives that explain breast cancer familial aggregation. Familial associations are not necessarily due to genes, and genetic associations are not necessarily causal.
ACKR3 in olfactory glia cells shapes the immune defense of the olfactory mucosa
Authors: Dietz André , Senf Katja , Neuhaus Eva M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBarrier‐forming olfactory glia cells, termed sustentacular cells, play important roles for immune defense of the olfactory mucosa, for example as entry sites for SARS‐CoV‐2 and subsequent development of inflammation‐induced smell loss. Here we demonstrate that sustentacular cells express ACKR3, a chemokine receptor that functions both as a scavenger of the chemokine CXCL12 and as an activator of alternative signaling pathways. Differential gene expression analysis of bulk RNA sequencing data obtained from WT and ACKR3 conditional knockout mice revealed upregulation of genes involved in immune defense. To map the regulated genes to the different cell types of the olfactory mucosa, we employed biocomputational methods utilizing a single‐cell reference atlas. Transcriptome analysis, PCR and immunofluorescence identified up‐regulation of NF‐κB‐related genes, known to amplify inflammatory signaling and to facilitate leukocyte transmigration, in the gliogenic lineage. Accordingly, we found a marked increase in leukocyte‐expressed genes and confirmed leukocyte infiltration into the olfactory mucosa. In addition, lack of ACKR3 led to enhanced expression and secretion of early mediators of immune defense by Bowman's glands. As a result, the number of apoptotic cells in the epithelium was decreased. In conclusion, our research underlines the importance of sustentacular cells in immune defense of the olfactory mucosa. Moreover, it identifies ACKR3, a druggable G protein‐coupled receptor, as a promising target for modulation of inflammation‐associated anosmia.
Free school meals and cognitive ability: Evidence from China's student nutrition improvement plan
Authors: Duan Xueyi , Liang Yinhe , Peng Xiaobo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe China Student Nutrition Improvement Plan (SNIP) covers 40.6 million students in the compulsory education stage, accounting for 42% of all students enrolled in rural compulsory education in 2021. This paper utilizes the county‐by‐county rollout of the SNIP and estimates the effect of this nutritional intervention on students' cognitive outcomes. We find that SNIP increases math test scores but has a statistically insignificant effect on verbal achievement. The effect is greater for middle school students and children from disadvantaged families. The SNIP affects the cognitive performance of students by improving their health status, increasing school attendance, fostering good study habits, raising educational expectations, and improving the human capital of peers.
Risk of dementia following herpes zoster infection among patients undertreatment versus those not: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Thapa Sangharsha , Shah Sangam , Bhattarai Abhinav , Yazdan Panah Mohammad , Chand Swati , Mirmosayyeb Omid 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsAccording to the previous studies, herpes zoster (HZ) has been associated with cognitive function and dementia. There is a hypothesis claiming that dementia risk may be reduced by receiving the antiviral treatment for HZ. The purpose of this systematic review and meta‐analysis was to shed light on the association between dementia and HZ in individuals receiving and not receiving antiviral medications.MethodsStudies investigating the association between HZ and dementia were identified through a systematic search in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library databases from January, 2000 to April, 2022. Data on the risk of dementia in HZ‐infected patients under and not under antiviral treatment were extracted. The meta‐analysis was conducted using a random‐effects model. The modified ROBIN‐I tool was used to evaluate the risk of bias assessment. By utilizing the funnel plots, publication bias was investigated.ResultsSix cohort studies on 538,531 patients were included. The overall risk of bias assessment was moderate. According to evidence‐based cohort studies, there was a significant direct association between HZ and risk of dementia in patients with HZ, who did not receive antiviral treatments (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.15, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03 to 1.28, p = 0.01). On the other hand, there was an inverse relationship between HZ and risk of dementia among patients with HZ, who received antiviral treatments (HR: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.59 to 0.77, p < 0.001).ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that antiviral therapies may significantly lower the risk of dementia in patients with HZ. This study also confirmed that patients with HZ, without receiving antiviral therapies, may have an increased risk of developing dementia. Further longitudinal research is warranted in this area.
Utilization of iron–folic acid supplementation and related factors in pregnant women in Leka Dulecha District, East Wollega Zone, Western Ethiopia: The case study
Authors: Tolera Chimdessa , Tafesse Temesgen , Dessalegn Ra'el , Amenu Desalegn 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundTo treat neural tube closure abnormalities and maternal anemia during pregnancy, iron and folic acid (FA) supplements are typically necessary. Ethiopian Ministry of Health plan to increase the numbers of pregnant women who take iron and FA supplements from 11% to 50%, and by 2029, to 90% by 2024.AimHence, the main objective of this study was to investigate the degree of iron–folic acid supplementation (IFAS) and associated factors among pregnant women receiving antenatal care at Leka Dulecha Woreda public health facilities from May 1 to October 31, 2022.MethodsIn this study, about 316 pregnant women who visited Leka Dulecha prenatal care services were selected. A facility‐based cross‐sectional study was conducted. Multivariable logistic regression was utilized to examine parameters associated with the utilization of IFAS.ResultsThese findings suggest that maternal educational status (adjusted odds ratio, AOR = 2.00, 95% confidence interval, CI [1.5, 3.05]), the timing of the first prenatal consultation (AOR = 1.93, 95% CI [1.47, 2.62]), having a good understanding of anemia (AOR = 1.50, 95% CI [1.00, 2.11]), and a history of anemia during the current pregnancy (AOR = 1.60, 95% CI [1.11, 3.16]) are important factors to consider when promoting adherence to iron–FA supplementation among pregnant women.ConclusionIt is crucial for healthcare providers to address these factors to improve the overall health outcomes for pregnant women attending Leka Delecha Health Facility.
Barriers and facilitators of parent−adolescent communication on sexual health and relationships among the UK population: A study protocol
Authors: Joseph Laura O. , Navelle Pascal L. , Ngozi Chinwendu C. , Hannis Dorothy , McNaughton Rebekah , Nnyanzi Lawrence A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsImproving the sexual and reproductive health of adolescents remains a public health priority. Effective communication between parents and adolescents regarding sexual health and relationships is important and could influence adolescents to adopt safer sexual behaviors. However, several barriers can impede this communication in the UK population. The aim of the review is to explore barriers and facilitators, as well as wider determinants of parent–adolescent communication (PAC) on sexual health and relationships. The review will explore possible interventions aimed at promoting PAC on sexual health and relationships.MethodsThe review will focus on exploring barriers and facilitators of PAC on sexual health and relationships in the United Kingdom. This study will synthesize qualitative literature to understand the significance of parent–adolescent sexual and reproductive health communication, the challenges and facilitators to effective communication in the United Kingdom. Using a detailed predetermined search strategy, the study will search for relevant studies from CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EMBASE, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and gray literature on Google Scholar. The Critical Appraisal Skills Program checklist will appraise the included studies' methodological quality. A thematic synthesis approach will be used to synthesize data from included studies.ConclusionFindings from the systematic review are expected to give information on the barriers and facilitators of PAC on sexual health and relationships which will further optimize interventions to improve this type of communication and guide future research in understanding this area.Systematic review registrationThe review has been registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD (PROSPERO) (CRD42022351697).
Association of female reproductive and hormonal factors with gallbladder cancer risk in Asia: A pooled analysis of the Asia Cohort Consortium
Authors: Shin Aesun , Cho Sooyoung , Abe Sarah Krull , Islam Md Rashedul , Rahman Md Shafiur , Saito Eiko , Kazmi Sayada Zartasha , Katagiri Ryoko , Merritt Melissa , Choi Ji‐Yeob , Shu Xiao‐Ou , Sawada Norie , Tamakoshi Akiko , Koh Woon‐Puay , Sakata Ritsu , Hozawa Atsushi , Kim Jeongseon , Park Sue K. , Kweon Sun‐Seog , Wen Wanqing , Tsugane Shoichiro , Kimura Takashi , Yuan Jian‐Min , Kanemura Seiki , Sugawara Yumi , Shin Min‐Ho , Ahsan Habibul , Boffetta Paolo , Chia Kee Seng , Matsuo Keitaro , Qiao You‐Lin , Rothman Nathaniel , Zheng Wei , Inoue Manami , Kang Daehee 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe female predominance of gallbladder cancer (GBC) has led to a hypothesis regarding the hormone‐related aetiology of GBC. We aimed to investigate the association between female reproductive factors and GBC risk, considering birth cohorts of Asian women. We conducted a pooled analysis of 331,323 women from 12 cohorts across 4 countries (China, Japan, Korea, and Singapore) in the Asia Cohort Consortium. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to assess the association between reproductive factors (age at menarche, parity, age at first delivery, breastfeeding, and age at menopause) and GBC risk. We observed that a later age at menarche was associated with an increased risk of GBC (HR 1.4, 95% CI 1.16–1.70 for 17 years and older vs. 13–14 years), especially among the cohort born in 1940 and later (HR 2.5, 95% CI 1.50–4.35). Among the cohort born before 1940, women with a later age at first delivery showed an increased risk of GBC (HR 1.56, 95% CI 1.08–2.24 for 31 years of age and older vs. 20 years of age and younger). Other reproductive factors did not show a clear association with GBC risk. Later ages at menarche and at first delivery were associated with a higher risk of GBC, and these associations varied by birth cohort.
Effects of QE on sovereign bond spreads through the safe asset channel
Authors: van den End Jan Willem 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe show that through the safe asset channel the excess liquidity created by large scale asset purchases (QE) can lead to higher sovereign bond spreads in the euro area. This unintended effect is most likely in volatile market conditions when excess liquidity spurs demand for tradeable safe assets, pushing down the interest rate of these assets, which widens risk spreads. Outcomes of a panel regression model estimated for individual euro area countries confirm that the excess liquidity created by QE had an upward effect on sovereign bond spreads. It indicates that the safe asset channel dominates the usual portfolio rebalancing channel. For monetary policy the results imply that large scale asset purchases by QE are not an appropriate instrument to address country specific shocks.
Development of a tool for infant facial emotion recognition (InFER) for postpartum mothers with mental illnesses
Authors: Pantoji Makarand V. , Ganjekar Sundarnag , Mehta Urvakhsh Meherwan , Chandra Prabha S. , Thippeswamy Harish 
Published: March 2024

AbstractUnderstanding deficits in recognition of infant emotions in mothers with mental illnesses is limited by the lack of validated instruments. We present the development and content validation of the infant facial emotion recognition tool (InFER) in India to examine the ability of mothers to detect the infants' emotions. A total of 164 images of infant faces in various emotional states were gathered from the parents of four infants (two male and two female: up to 12 months old). Infant emotion in each image was identified by the respective mother. Content validation was carried out by 21 experts. Images with ≥70% concordance among experts were selected. The newly developed tool, InFER, consists of a total 39 infant images representing the six basic emotions. This tool was then administered among mothers during their postpartum period—10 healthy mothers and 10 mothers who had remitted from any schizophrenia spectrum disorder, bipolar affective disorder or major depressive disorder. The mean age and mean years of education for both groups were comparable (age∼25 years, education ∼15 years). A significant difference was found between the two groups in their ability to recognize infant emotions (Mann–Whitney U = 12.5; p = 0.004). InFER is a promising tool in Indian settings for understanding maternal recognition of infant emotions.
Multimodal information fusion method in emotion recognition in the background of artificial intelligence
Authors: Dai Zhen , Fei Hongxiao , Lian Chunyan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractRecent advances in Semantic IoT data integration have highlighted the importance of multimodal fusion in emotion recognition systems. Human emotions, formed through innate learning and communication, are often revealed through speech and facial expressions. In response, this study proposes a hidden Markov model‐based multimodal fusion emotion detection system, combining speech recognition with facial expressions to enhance emotion recognition rates. The integration of such emotion recognition systems with Semantic IoT data can offer unprecedented insights into human behavior and sentiment analysis, contributing to the advancement of data integration techniques in the context of the Internet of Things. Experimental findings indicate that in single‐modal emotion detection, speech recognition achieves a 76% accuracy rate, while facial expression recognition achieves 78%. However, when state information fusion is applied, the recognition rate increases to 95%, surpassing the national average by 19% and 17% for speech and facial expressions, respectively. This demonstrates the effectiveness of multimodal fusion in emotion recognition, leading to higher recognition rates and reduced workload compared to single‐modal approaches.
Transition metal doped ZIF‐8 for the detection of the heavy metal Hg(II)
Authors: Chen Xin Zhe , Wu Yang , Xu Chen , Wang Zi Jun , Liu Min Min 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe effects of heavy metals such as Hg(II) and Pb(II) on the human body are profound. Moreover, they pose significant concerns due to industrial development. Thus, the rapid and stable detection of heavy metal ions and related chemicals has emerged as an urgent issue. The application of Differential Pulse Stripping Voltammetry (DPSV) facilitated accurate and rapid detection of Hg2+ utilizing MOF materials and ZIF‐8 as detection agents. Pure ZIF‐8 served as the substrate material. Copper or nickel ions were individually introduced into the substrate material. This process resulted in the formation of bimetallic MOF materials. These materials were designated as CuZn and NiZn, respectively. Transition metal‐doped materials were used to modify the glassy carbon electrode (GCE), resulting in a substantial enhancement in the detection performance of Hg2+. The CuZn/GCE configuration demonstrated the most significant enhancement. When compared to a GCE modified with pure ZIF‐8, both sensitivity and the detection limit for free Hg2+ in the environment experienced increases of 450% and 64%, respectively. Stability and repeatability tests were conducted on the CuZn‐modified GCE. Results indicated that the electrode proved to be very stable and showed strong selectivity in the presence of interfering ions. The sensor modified with CuZn shows promising potential for monitoring trace Hg2+ levels.
Further defining the roles and impact of genetic counselors in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industry
Authors: Maxwell Emily , Moore Rebekah , Niendorf Kristin , Field Tessa 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAs personalized medicine has gained traction, drug development models in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industry (BPI) have increasingly sought to address medical conditions with a genetic component, creating an opportunity for genetic counselors (GCs) to fill new roles and utilize their unique training to contribute to drug development. Despite the potential for GCs in BPI, literature around the role of GCs in this industry has been limited. Our mixed methods study aimed to assess how the roles of GCs in BPI have evolved since 2016, investigate the value of and opportunity for GCs in this industry, and further characterize their motivation and job satisfaction. Participants were recruited via social media advertising, snowball sampling, and email listservs from the National Society of Genetic Counseling (NSGC), the Canadian Association of Genetic Counselors (CAGC), and the American Board of Genetic Counseling (ABGC). Survey (n = 20) and interview (n = 6) data indicates many aspects of GC roles in BPI are consistent with the 2016 study. However, there is evidence of roles becoming more varied and with increasing recognition of the value of GCs, opportunities for involvement in BPI are growing. Furthermore, combined study data found that GCs are motivated by the flexibility of BPI roles as well as the opportunity to contribute to rare disease treatment development and that they are overall satisfied with most aspects of their jobs. Interview data also found that genetic counseling training has the potential to improve clinical trial design and outcomes by making drug development more patient‐centric. Finally, combined study data found that while GCs continue to utilize Accreditation Council of Genetic Counseling (ACGC) practice‐based competencies (PBCs), business‐related training may benefit GCs seeking to enter BPI. Together, these findings are critical for informing genetic counseling training programs, employers within BPI, and GCs interested in entering these positions.