bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What shapes the formation of interstate benchmarking networks?
Authors: Cao Shuai , Yi Hongtao 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMost studies on public sector benchmarking focus on performance indicators, processes, and outcomes of managed benchmarking. This article, instead, explores the formation of spontaneous interstate benchmarking networks among U.S. state agency leaders. Informed by social comparison theory, we first recategorize benchmarking into best practice benchmarking and competitive benchmarking. Then, we quantify two benchmarking networks with a survey dataset and employ the Exponential Random Graph Model to analyze both endogenous and exogenous factors in the formation of both types of benchmarking networks. We find that the best practice benchmarking network has a popularity effect, while the competitive benchmarking network has mutuality and transitivity effects. Both types of benchmarking networks are more likely to form among states with historical policy diffusion ties and similar economic and geographic characteristics. This study contributes to the literature on public sector benchmarking and network research by exploring the factors that influence the formation of benchmarking networks.
Changes to Rural Migration in the COVID‐19 Pandemic☆
Authors: Petersen Julia K. , Winkler Richelle L. , Mockrin Miranda H. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMedia stories highlighted accounts of migration away from city centers towards more rural destinations during the COVID‐19 pandemic, but systematic research about how the pandemic changed migration in more rural destinations is only starting to emerge. This paper relies on U.S. Postal Service change‐of‐address data to describe whether and how established domestic migration systems changed during the COVID‐19 pandemic, focusing on differences across the rural–urban gradient and by outdoor recreation resources. We find little evidence of massive urban exodus. We do find that out‐migration from rural counties declined post‐pandemic onset and has stayed low in the 3 years since, stemming the tide of net population loss in many rural places. Most rural counties that experienced net population loss prior to the pandemic saw either less net loss or net gains during the pandemic. Rural recreation counties experienced greater gains through both decreased out‐migration and increased in‐migration in the first year of the pandemic; but by year three, differences between rural recreation and non‐recreation counties had balanced. Overall, counties across Rural America saw notable change to pre‐pandemic migration patterns. This shift may benefit rural areas through long‐term population stability and/or growth but might also exacerbate housing and childcare shortages.
In situ charcoal production in Acacia decurrens‐based taungya system improved soil properties and productivity of three agricultural crops in the highlands of Ethiopia
Authors: Tadele Desalegn , Adgo Enyew 
Published: February 2024

AbstractShort‐term in situ charcoal production‐induced changes in soil properties and crop productivity of acidic soil in Acacia decurrens‐based taungya system were assessed in the Guder watershed of northwestern Ethiopia. Data were collected through field study, pot experiment and interviews with local farmers. The field study involved a survey of 36 paired charcoal production kiln sites and adjacent reference sites in 18 croplands to analyse soil physicochemical properties and productivity of tef (Eragrostis tef), barley (Hordeum vulgare) and wheat (Triticum aestivum). A pot experiment was undertaken with wheat to investigate seed germination and chemical fertilizer needs at charcoal production sites. Local farmers were interviewed for their perceptions and management practices. The production and short‐term presence of charcoal in kiln sites significantly increased sand fraction, pH, organic carbon, available phosphorous, exchangeable Mg2+ and exchangeable K+ compared with the reference sites. Charcoal production practice raised pH by 0.83 units, organic carbon, available P and exchangeable K+ by 40%, 92% and 303%, respectively. Exchangeable acidity and exchangeable Al3+ were lowered by over 80% at kiln sites. Both aboveground biomass and grain yield of tef, barley and wheat were, on average, 135% higher at kiln sites than at the reference sites. Furthermore, crops grown at kiln sites were taller and had greener and larger leaves. Farmers' responses indicated higher crop productivity and reduced inorganic fertilizer application at kiln sites. Results from the pot experiment provided evidence of faster seed germination, enhanced crop productivity and reduced inorganic fertilizer needs in charcoal‐treated soils. The study suggests that the inclusion of charcoal remnants and heating can increase carbon storage, improve soil properties which promote crop productivity and reduce the need for inorganic fertilizer in degraded, acidic agricultural soil.
The lexical source of BIN and habitual be in African American English
Authors: Sobin Nicholas 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAlthough various works on African American English (AAE) offer significant and insightful analyses of the semantic interpretation of its aspectual elements, including in particular stressed remote past BIN and habitual be (behab), the syntactic analysis of these elements is problematic. BIN and behab are claimed to be invariant lexical elements with fixed semantic values, and to not interact with INFL (Tense) as auxiliaries do, thus not displaying subject–verb agreement or undergoing any operations typical of finite auxiliaries. However, considerations including syntactic positioning, accompanying auxiliaries, patterns of verb affixation, and the formation of active and passive sentences point instead to BIN and behab being in most instances phonetic manifestations of any of the various ordinary auxiliary verbs be (progressive, passive, and copular), elements of the system of auxiliaries common to both AAE and Mainstream American English (MAE). The surface forms BIN and be are sufficient to trigger their special meanings in logical representation. Semantically dedicated lexical elements are unnecessary. The various interpretations of sentences containing these forms are due to constructional semantic interpretation of various combinations of surface elements. This analysis further reveals the existence of another AAE innovation, a fourth auxiliary verb be unique to AAE indicating simple past.
Group peer mentoring to improve faculty connections and enhance mentoring networks
Authors: Barr Karen P. , Deluca Kerry , Dicianno Brad E. , Helkowski Wendy M. , Liu Betty 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundDifficulty finding mentors and forging connections in academic departments can be challenging and became even more so when the COVID‐19 pandemic reduced opportunities for informal networking. Even as restrictions on in‐person meetings eased, many faculty preferred meetings to remain virtual. Because some of the most powerful predictors of faculty vitality are positive professional relationships and feelings of inclusion and belonging to an institution, attending to faculty needs in this area is important to mitigate undesired lingering consequences.ApproachWe created structured peer mentoring groups for our department's physicians and psychologists that meet virtually. Groups span career stages, academic appointments and clinical interests. The purpose was to establish a deeper culture of mentoring, increase feelings of connection to a supportive community within the department, facilitate career planning and enhance the development of skills necessary in academic medicine such as teaching skills, scholarly productivity and personal wellness.EvaluationA survey conducted after the first year of the programme was completed by 70% of eligible faculty (31/45). Ninety‐six percent felt the programme had created an inclusive and appreciative culture, 86% met faculty members they had never met before and 79% sought mentoring advice from a colleague they would not usually have interacted with in that manner. All participants appreciated hearing their colleagues' perspectives on topics they do not typically discuss.ImplicationsDepartmentally based group peer mentoring that spans career stages and interests can facilitate faculty connections and enhance a supportive culture of mentorship.
Multimodal learning with only image data: A deep unsupervised model for street view image retrieval by fusing visual and scene text features of images
Authors: Wu Shangyou , Yu Wenhao , Zhang Yifan , Huang Mengqiu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAs one of the classic tasks in information retrieval, the core of image retrieval is to identify the images sharing similar features with a query image, aiming to enable users to find the required information from a large number of images conveniently. Street view image retrieval, in particular, finds extensive applications in many fields, such as improvements to navigation and mapping services, formulation of urban development planning scheme, and analysis of historical evolution of buildings. However, the intricate foreground and background details in street view images, coupled with a lack of attribute annotations, render it among the most challenging issues in practical applications. Current image retrieval research mainly uses the visual model that is completely dependent on the image visual features, and the multimodal learning model that necessitates additional data sources (e.g., annotated text). Yet, creating annotated datasets is expensive, and street view images, which contain a large amount of scene texts themselves, are often unannotated. Therefore, this paper proposes a deep unsupervised learning algorithm that combines visual and text features from image data for improving the accuracy of street view image retrieval. Specifically, we employ text detection algorithms to identify scene text, utilize the Pyramidal Histogram of Characters encoding predictor model to extract text information from images, deploy deep convolutional neural networks for visual feature extraction, and incorporate a contrastive learning module for image retrieval. Upon testing across three street view image datasets, the results demonstrate that our model holds certain advantages over the state‐of‐the‐art multimodal models pre‐trained on extensive datasets, characterized by fewer parameters and lower floating point operations. Code and data are available at https://github.com/nwuSY/svtRetrieval.
Spatiotemporal analysis of global grain trade multilayer networks considering topological clustering
Authors: Tu Youjun , Shu Zihan , Wu Wenjun , He Zongyi , Li Junli 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWith accelerating globalization, the complexity of the global grain trade network structure is increasing. Traditional network analysis approaches have certain limitations in capturing these dynamic changes and hidden topological structures in data. Based on global import and export trade data for rice, wheat, and corn from 1988 to 2022, this study has proposed a novel method for the topological clustering of temporal multilayer networks based on topological data analysis in order to systematically assess the topological structure evolution of temporal multilayer networks. The results indicate that different agricultural trade networks reveal hidden clustering characteristics in different years. In addition, this study combines principles from landscape ecology to construct a dynamic community spatiotemporal change model of grain trade networks, aiming to comprehensively reveal potential patterns and dynamic trends in grain trade networks and provide valuable information for grain trade decision‐making.
The Tägerwilen II report: Recommendations from the NATO Prehospital Care Improvement Initiative Task Force
Authors: Medby Christian , Forestier Colleen , Ingram Benjamin , Parkhouse Duncan , Alvarez‐Brueckmann Michael , Faas Alexander 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe Committee of the Chiefs of Military Medical Services (COMEDS) initiated the Prehospital Care Improvement Initiative Task Force (PHCII TF) to advise on how to improve prehospital care within NATO nations. The Task Force consisted of the NATO Military Health Care Working Group and its subordinated expert panels, including the Blood Panel, the Emergency Medicine Panel and the Special Operations Forces Medicine Panel.MethodThe PHCII TF identified four key prehospital care themes for exploration: 1) Tactical Casualty Care, 2) Blood Far Forward), 3) Forward Surgical Capabilities), and 4) Prolonged Casualty Care. A consensus experimentation workshop explored the four themes, utilizing a modified Delphi technique and Utstein rotations during syndicate work, resulting in 83 consensus statements. The consensus statements were further evaluated on six criteria: actionable, measurable, urgent, interoperability, low risk/threat and impact.ResultsThe 83 consensus statements, when weighted against the six criteria, resulted in 15 recommendations, focusing on standardization of training, ensuring provision of evidence‐based practices and removing legislative barriers to improve prehospital care.ConclusionThe recommendations on these four themes reflect the most significant priorities in improving prehospital care, and must be incorporated in the on‐going revision of NATO doctrine.
A comparison study between the Siemens ADVIA 120 and manual method for the differential white blood cell count in goats
Authors: Oikonomidis Ioannis L. , Brozos Christos , Tsouloufi Theodora K. , Kiossis Evangelos , Kritsepi‐Konstantinou Maria 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundAlthough widely used, the ADVIA 120 hematology analyzer has not been previously validated for determining the differential leukocyte count in goats.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to compare the differential leukocyte counts provided by the ADVIA 120 (A‐diff) and the manual method (M‐Diff) in goats.MethodsEDTA blood samples that were analyzed within 4 h of collection were used in the study. The following exclusion criteria were applied: inappropriately filled tubes or tubes containing clots, erroneous ADVIA peroxidase cytograms, and blood smears of poor quality. The A‐Diff was compared with the M‐Diff performed by two independent observers on 200 leukocytes.ResultsForty samples were included after previously excluding eight samples. The correlation between the A‐Diff and M‐Diff was very strong for eosinophils (r = .870, p < .001) and strong for lymphocytes (r = .796, p < .001) and neutrophils (r = .730, p < .001), while no significant correlation was observed for monocytes (r = .026, p = .872). The Passing–Bablok regression analyses revealed statistically significant constant errors for neutrophils (5.83%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.41%, 12.18%) and eosinophils (1.89%; 95% CI: 1.17%, 2.71%). Bland–Altman analyses showed a statistically significant negative bias for lymphocytes (−5.0%) and a statistically significant positive bias for eosinophils (2.2%). The very low basophil percentages precluded a meaningful method comparison.ConclusionsThe ADVIA 120 overall demonstrated good performance for the differential WBC count in goats under the conditions of this study. Therefore, it can be considered suitable for routine hematologic screening in goats. Nonetheless, it should be emphasized that any abnormal result should be confirmed with a blood smear evaluation.
Responding to outbreaks of illness linked to unpasteurized milk: A needs assessment of state health and agriculture departments
Authors: Ablan Michael , Canning Michelle , Koski Lia , Landsman Lisa , Stapleton G. Sean , Nichols Megin , Robyn Misha 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimsConsumption of unpasteurized milk can result in severe illness or death. In the United States, the number of people who regularly consume unpasteurized milk is relatively low, but outbreaks resulting from unpasteurized milk outnumber outbreaks linked to pasteurized milk. The sale of unpasteurized milk for human consumption through interstate commerce is prohibited at the federal level, but laws among states vary considerably with respect to the sale of unpasteurized milk. Each state has a different perspective on responding to and preventing outbreaks of illness linked to consuming unpasteurized milk.Methods and ResultsWe conducted a needs assessment of state health and agriculture departments to gather information on state‐level strategies to prevent illnesses linked to consuming unpasteurized milk, characterize challenges states face, and identify areas where partners can support state efforts to prevent illnesses. We deployed a survey from 6 January 2021 to 1 March 2021, using a snowball sampling strategy and had 158 respondents. Of 115 respondents, 46 (40%) believed that state laws were ineffective in preventing illnesses, and 92 (80%) agreed that consumers continue to find ways to get unpasteurized milk despite laws restricting sale. Respondents from 19 states were aware of future legislative or regulatory efforts surrounding unpasteurized milk in their state, with 14 (74%) indicating these efforts would expand consumer access. The most common outbreak prevention strategies respondents mentioned included sharing knowledge and experiences with other public health and agriculture officials, providing information to inform legislative efforts, and communicating to the public about outbreaks. Most respondents (41/50, 91%) were interested in pursuing further efforts to prevent unpasteurized milk‐associated illnesses in their state.ConclusionsThe results from this needs assessment can be used to inform future strategies for preventing illness outbreaks associated with unpasteurized milk consumption.
Spatial and temporal patterns of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and the impact of environmental drivers in a border area of the Russian Far East
Authors: Shartova Natalia , Korennoy Fedor , Zelikhina Svetlana , Mironova Varvara , Wang Li , Malkhazova Svetlana 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimsHaemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is a significant zoonotic disease transmitted by rodents. The distribution of HFRS in the European part of Russia has been studied quite well; however, much less is known about the endemic area in the Russian Far East. The mutual influence of the epidemic situation in the border regions and the possibility of cross‐border transmission of infection remain poorly understood. This study aims to identify the spatiotemporal hot spots of the incidence and the impact of environmental drivers on the HFRS distribution in the Russian Far East.Methods and ResultsA two‐scale study design was performed. Kulldorf's spatial scan statistic was used to conduct spatiotemporal analysis at a regional scale from 2000 to 2020. In addition, an ecological niche model based on maximum entropy was applied to analyse the contribution of various factors and identify spatial favourability at the local scale. One spatiotemporal cluster that existed from 2002 to 2011 and located in the border area and one pure temporal cluster from 2004 to 2007 were revealed. The best suitability for orthohantavirus persistence was found along rivers, including those at the Chinese–Russian border, and was mainly explained by land cover, NDVI (as an indicator of vegetation density and greenness) and elevation.ConclusionsDespite the stable incidence in recent years in, targeted prevention strategies are still needed due to the high potential for HRFS distribution in the southeast of the Russian Far East.
Integrating Cardiovascular Engineering and Biofluid Mechanics in High School Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics Education: An Experiential Approach
Authors: Radke Magen , Sulejmani Fatiesa , Vogl Brennan J. , Hatoum Hoda 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education workshops and programs play a key role in promoting early exposure to scientific applications and questions. Such early engagement leads to growing not only passion and interest in science, but it also leads to skill development through hands-on learning and critical thinking activities. Integrating physiology and engineering together is necessary especially to promote health technology awareness and introduce the young generation to areas where innovation is needed and where there is no separation between health-related matters and engineering methods and applications. To achieve this, we created a workshop aimed at K-12 (grades 9–11) students as part of the Summer Youth Programs at Michigan Technological University. The aim of this workshop was to expose students to how engineering concepts and methods translate into health- and medicine-related applications and cases. The program consisted of a total of 15 h and was divided into three sections over a period of 2 weeks. It involved a combination of theoretical and hands-on guided activities that we developed. At the end of the workshop, the students were provided a lesson or activity-specific assessment sheet and a whole workshop-specific assessment sheet to complete. They rated the programs along a 1–5 Likert scale and provided comments and feedback on what can be improved in the future. Students rated hands-on activities the highest in comparison with case studies and individual independent research. Conclusively, this STEM summer-youth program was a successful experience with many opportunities that will contribute to the continued improvement of the workshop in the future.
Compositional zoning of the Otowi Member of the Bandelier Tuff, Valles caldera, New Mexico, USA
Authors: Wolff J.A. , Ramos F.C. , Boro J.R. , Olin P.H. , Self S. , Winters R.L. , Kuentz D.C. , Dimond C. , Cook G.W. , Kyle P.R. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The Otowi Member of the Bandelier Tuff erupted at ca. 1.60 Ma from the Valles caldera (New Mexico, USA). It consists of as much as 400 km3 (dense rock equivalent) of strongly differentiated high-silica rhyolite and shows systematic upward variations in crystallinity, mineral chemistry, and trace element concentrations through its thickness, but the major element composition is almost constant and is near the low-pressure granite minimum. Incompatible trace elements in whole pumice fragments and glasses show well-correlated linear covariations. Upward zoning to lower abundances of incompatible trace elements is accompanied by development of overgrowths on quartz and alkali feldspar, although earlier-formed interiors of quartz and feldspar have near-constant compositions throughout the tuff, modified by cation diffusion in the case of feldspar. Melt inclusions in remnant quartz cores show diverse Pb isotope ratios, pointing to a wide range of distinct protoliths that contributed rhyolitic melt to the Otowi magma. Mineral thermometers suggest a modest temperature gradient through the melt body, perhaps of 40 °C, at the time of eruption. Chemical, textural, and mineralogical variations and volume-composition relations through the tuff are consistent with an origin for zoning by melting of a high-crystallinity cumulate layer beneath cognate supernatant liquid to produce denser, remobilized liquid of accumulative composition (i.e., the “modified mush model”). Melting may have occurred in several episodes. The latest of these episodes, probably thousands of years prior to eruption, introduced new rhyolitic liquid into the system and was associated with a thermal excursion, recorded in core compositions of pyroxene, during which much of the earlier crystal mass was dissolved. This left inherited cores and interiors of accumulated quartz and feldspar mantled with new growth having less-evolved compositions (higher Ti, Sr, and Ba). Changing solubility of zircon during cumulate melting produced a reversal of Zr concentrations. There is no clear petrologic evidence of a recharge eruption trigger; nonetheless, compositional zoning resulted mainly from repeated recharge-induced remobilization of quartz-feldspar cumulate. The Otowi system was built, evolved, and modified by several events over the course of a few hundred thousand years.