bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dehydration, Aldol Condensation and Hydrogenation Processes for the Production of Liquid Alkanes from Biomass‐Derived Carbohydrates
Authors: Chheda Juben N. , Dumesic James A. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Force Spectroscopy of Polymers: Beyond Single Chain Mechanics
Authors: Liu Chuanjun , Shi Weiqing , Cui Shuxun , Wang Zhiqiang , Zhang Xi 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Chiral memory: Induction, amplification, and switching in porphyrin assemblies
Authors: Rosaria Lauceri , D'urso Alessandro , Mammana Angela , Purrello Roberto 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThe interaction between the tetra‐anionic porphyrin H2TPPS and its copper derivative, CuTPPS, with the tetra‐cationic porphyrin H2T4 and its copper derivative, CuT4, leads, in aqueous solution, to the formation of remarkably stable and kinetically inert heteroaggregates. The aggregation process is under hierarchic control and, in the presence of a suitable chiral mold, leads to the formation of chiral porphyrin heteroassemblies as stable and inert as the achiral ones. Because of these properties, the chirality of the porphyrin “imprinted” heteroaggregates not only survives the disruption of the template, but also to its complete removal from the solution. Notably, the template‐free chiral porphyrin system is an excellent mold for its own self‐replication. The relevant characteristics of these chiral heteroaggregates together with the knowledge of the forces that guide the aggregation processes permitted us to design a new but similar system. This system not only is able to store chiral information, but also is capable to release and restore it reversibly, in a cyclic manner. This has been achieved by modulating the charges carried by one of the two coupled porphyrins through protonation under various pH conditions. The role of the central metal ion and the template‐free chiral structure of the CuT4‐H2TPPS heteroaggregate, determined through EDXD analysis, are also presented. Chirality, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Spiral Multislice Computed Tomography Coronary Angiography: A Current Status Report
Authors: De Feyter P. J. , Meijboom W. B. , Weustink A. , Van Mieghem C. , Mollet N. R. A. , Vourvouri E. , Nieman K. , Cademartiri F. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractMultislice computed tomography coronary angiography (MSCT‐CA) has emerged as a powerful noninvasive diagnostic modality to visualize the coronary arteries and to detect significant coronary stenoses. The latest generation 64‐slice computed tomography (CT) scanners is a robust technique which allows high‐resolution, isotropic, nearly motion‐free coronary imaging. Coronary stenoses are detected with high sensitivity and a normal scan accurately rules out the presence of a coronary stenosis. With the introduction of further novel concepts in CT‐technology one may expect that MSCT‐CA will become a clinically used diagnostic tool. Copyright © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Does NT‐proBNP Remain a Sensitive Biomarker for Chronic Heart Failure after Administration of a Beta‐blocker?
Authors: Li Na , Li Yishi , Wang Fang , Jiang Wen , Huang Jie , Xu Zhimin , Hua Lu , Hua Congxiao , Huang Yan , Wu Ying , Li Feiou 
Published: September 2007

AbstractBackgroundBeta‐blockers exert complex effects on plasma N‐terminal‐pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) level.HypothesisWe aimed to investigate whether NT‐proBNP was still able to mirror the severity of chronic heart failure and predict the prognosis of the disease after administration of a beta‐blocker.MethodsForty‐four patients with chronic congestive heart failure were enrolled in the study to randomly receive carvedilol or bisoprolol in addition to background therapy. These patients underwent clinical measurement and blood sampling for NT‐proBNP measurement at baseline and 3 or 7 months after the addition of the beta‐blocker. The patients were followed‐up for 3 years in order to register the occurrence of all‐cause death.ResultsNT‐proBNP level showed a positive correlation with the severity of heart failure as evaluated by New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification both before and after administration of either beta‐blocker. The relationship between NT‐proBNP and NYHA class was not weakened with the duration of therapy. Furthermore, NT‐proBNP was the only independent predictor of all‐cause mortality both before and after administration of either beta‐blocker. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD), age, NYHA class and treatment group were not independently predictive of mortality in this study.ConclusionsThe ability of NT‐proBNP to reflect the severity and to predict the endpoint in chronic heart failure is not undermined after administration of a beta‐blocker, suggesting that NT‐proBNP remains a sensitive biomarker for chronic heart failure both before and after administration of a beta‐blocker. Copyright © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Annular Systolic Velocity Predicts the Presence of Spontaneous Echo Contrast in Mitral Stenosis Patients with Sinus Rhythm
Authors: Çayli Murat , Acartürk Esmeray , Kanadaşı Mehmet , Demir Mesut 
Published: September 2007

AbstractOjectivesThromboembolism is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in mitral stenosis (MS), even in sinus rhythm (SR). Spontaneous echo contrast (SEC) is the strongest predictor of thromboembolism. The aim of the study was to investigate if the annular velocities obtained with tissue Doppler imaging can predict the presence of SEC in MS patients with SR.MethodsOne hundred and five MS patients and 100 controls were included. Annular velocities were recorded. All patients underwent transesophageal echocardiography. Subjects were divided into three groups as controls (Group I), the patients without SEC (Group II) and the patients with SEC (Group III).ResultsGroup III patients had lower ejection fraction, annular systolic velocity, smaller mitral valve area, higher transmitral gradient and larger left atrial size. The annular systolic velocity was the only independent predictor for SEC. The cutoff values of annular systolic velocity for prediction of the presence of any SEC and dense SEC were 13.5 and 11.8 cm/s, respectively.ConclusionThe annular systolic velocity is an independent predictor for SEC in MS patients with SR. Copyright © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Public Reporting of Patient Survival (Mortality) Data on the Dialysis Facility Compare Web Site
Authors: Trisolini Michael G. , Isenberg Karen L. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractWe studied Medicare's Dialysis Facility Compare (DFC) Web site, which publicly reports patient survival (mortality) data. We conducted qualitative research to evaluate how well patients and family members understand the patient survival data as it is currently explained and presented on DFC, and their view of its value. We also tested potential improvements using alternative language and display formats. Overall, participants responded positively to the patient survival data, indicating that publicly reporting this type of information has value for patients and family members. Participants could identify facilities with better performance but had difficulty understanding the statistical differences between patient survival ratings.
Treating [K4(H2O)0.5][SnTe4] with PPh4+ or AsPh4+: Formation of a Highly Air‐Stable Tellurostannate Salt, a Tellurolate with One‐Coordinate Te Atoms, and a Polytelluride Salt with ∞1[Te4(H2O)2]2– Chains
Authors: Ruzin Eugen , Massa Werner , Dehnen Stefanie 
Published: September 2007

AbstractIn reactions of potassium orthotellurostannates with EPh4Cl (E = P, As), different single‐crystalline products are obtained. An air‐stable dimeric tellurostannate forms by partial replacement of strongly interacting K+ cations by weakly interacting or noninteracting [PPh4]+ ions. For E = As, an equally air‐stable tellurophenolate, in which Te has the rare coordination number 1, results upon As–C bond cleavage at a tetraphenylarsonium cation. Oxidation of the air‐sensitive [Sn2Te6]4– anion and Te2– by O2 (air) affords a tetratelluride salt with strands of H2O‐bridged [Te4]2– anions. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Glycosylation status of haptoglobin in sera of patients with prostate cancer vs. benign prostate disease or normal subjects
Authors: Fujimura Tsutomu , Shinohara Yasuro , Tissot Bérangère , Pang Poh‐Choo , Kurogochi Masaki , Saito Seiichi , Arai Yoichi , Sadilek Martin , Murayama Kimie , Dell Anne , Nishimura Shin‐Ichiro , Hakomori Sen‐itiroh 
Published: September 2007

AbstractWe studied chemical level and glycosylation status of haptoglobin in sera of patients with prostate cancer, as compared to benign prostate disease and normal subjects, with the following results. (i) Haptoglobin level was enhanced significantly in sera of prostate cancer. (ii) Sialylated bi‐antennary glycans were the dominant structures in haptoglobins from all 3 sources, regardless of different site of N‐linked glycan. The N‐linked glycans at N184 were exclusively bi‐antennary, and showed no difference between prostate cancer vs. benign prostate disease. (iii) Tri‐antennary, N‐linked, fucosylated glycans, carrying at least 1 sialyl‐Lewisx/a antenna, were predominantly located on N207 or N211 within the amino acid 203‐215 sequence of the β‐chain of prostate cancer, and were minimal in benign prostate disease. Fucosylated glycans were not observed in normal subjects. A minor tri‐antennary N‐linked glycan was observed at N241 of the β‐chain in prostate cancer, which was absent in benign prostate disease. (iv) None of these N‐linked structures showed the expected presence of disialylated antennae with GalNAcβ4(NeuAcα3)Galβ3(NeuAcα6)GlcNAcβGal, or its analogue, despite cross‐reactivity of prostate cancer haptoglobin with monoclonal antibody RM2. (v) Minor levels of O‐glycosylation were identified in prostate cancer haptoglobin for the first time. Mono‐ and disialyl core Type 1 O‐linked structures were identified after reductive β‐elimination followed by methylation and mass spectrometric analysis. No evidence was found for the presence of specific RM2 or other tumor‐associated glycosyl epitopes linked to this O‐glycan core. In summary, levels of haptoglobin are enhanced in sera of prostate cancer patients, and the N‐glycans attached to a defined peptide region of its β‐chain are characterized by enhanced branching as well as antenna fucosylation. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Estimation of the consumption CAPM with imperfect sample separation information
Authors: Semenov Andrei 
Published: September 2007

AbstractWe propose a consumption‐based capital asset pricing model consumption (CAPM), in which the pricing kernel is calculated as the average of individuals' intertemporal marginal rates of substitution weighted by the probabilities of holding the asset in question. These probabilities are conditional on available imperfect sample separation information and are estimated simultaneously with the parameters of Euler equations. Using data from the US Consumer Expenditure Survey, we find that the consumption CAPM with probability‐weighted agents yields a more precise estimate of the agent's risk aversion compared with the model, in which the available imperfect information on asset‐holding status is erroneously regarded as a perfect sample separation indicator. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Valuing foreign currency options with a mean‐reverting process: a study of Hong Kong dollar
Authors: Hui C. H. , Lo C. F. , Yeung V. , Fung L. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThe theoretical prediction on targeted exchange rates expects mean reversion of the exchange rates. There is some empirical evidence to support this prediction. This paper presents a model for valuing European foreign exchange options in which the forward foreign exchange rate follows a mean‐reverting lognormal process. The corresponding closed‐form solutions for the option valuation are derived. The mean‐reverting process has material impact on the foreign exchange rate option values and their hedge parameters. This tends to decrease the value of a simple put or call. On the other hand, the process also keeps the exchange rate in a small range around the mean level. As this is the region in which an option's intrinsic value is high because of the level of its strike price, there is also a tendency for option values to be enhanced compared with the values of the Black–Scholes model. The numerical results using the forward exchange rates of the Hong Kong dollar and market data of their options show that both of these effects are important for the realistic choices of parameter values. As the dynamics of targeted exchange rates may not follow the standard lognormal process as described by the Black–Scholes model, the mean‐reverting option‐pricing model may be considered for the valuation of options and estimation of associated hedge parameters on targeted exchange rates. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Non‐linear interest rate dynamics and forecasting: evidence for US and Australian interest rates
Authors: McMillan David G. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractRecent empirical finance research has suggested the potential for interest rate series to exhibit non‐linear adjustment to equilibrium. This paper examines a variety of models designed to capture these effects and compares both their in‐sample and out‐of‐sample performance with a linear alternative. Using short‐ and long‐term interest rates we report evidence that a logistic smooth‐transition error‐correction model is able to best characterize the data and provide superior out‐of‐sample forecasts, especially for the short rate, over both linear and non‐linear alternatives. This model suggests that market dynamics differ depending on whether the deviations from long‐run equilibrium are above or below the threshold value. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Acute toxicity and irritation of water‐based dextran‐coated magnetic fluid injected in mice
Authors: Yu Zhai , Xiaoliang Wang , Xuman Wang , Hong Xie , Hongchen Gu 
Published: September 2007

AbstractBased on the elements that magnetic nanoparticles could heat in an alternating magnetic field, magnetic fluid hyperthermia occurred to inhibit tumor growth in vivo. However, biocompatibility of those fluids as well as the fluid–body interaction remains unclear. In this article, acute toxicity and irritation of the water‐based dextran‐coated magnetic fluid (dextran‐magnetic fluid) injected into mice subcutaneous tissues were examined. Lethal dosage 50 of single treatment with the magnetic fluid was 4409.61 ± 514.93 mg/kg. When injected with 30 mg/0.3 mL dextran‐magnetic fluid, activities of glutamicoxalacetictransaminase (AST) and glutamicpyruvictransaminase (ALT) and cell number of mice blood did not change statistically. Hemangiectasia and leucocytes infiltration were seen in subcutaneous tissues and these phenomena almost disappeared 72 h later. That is to say, the dextran‐magnetic fluid was tolerable, safe, and biocompatible. The work is a basic for application of the dextran‐magnetic fluid in subcutaneous tumor therapy. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2008
Pore structure engineering for carbon foams as possible bone implant material
Authors: Turgut Gursel , Eksilioglu Ayhan , Gencay Nagehan , Gonen Emre , Hekim Nezih , Yardım M. F. , Sakiz Damlanur , Ekinci Ekrem 
Published: September 2007

AbstractIn this study authors aim to produce carbon foams with controllable pore size and distribution with high ratio of open porosity and to determine the cytotoxicity, and the bio‐compatibility of the carbon foams by controlled experiments on the Dawley rats. Carbon foams are produced from Mitsubishi AR pitch at different pressures, temperatures, pressure release times, and additives for the purpose of using it as a bone implant material. Carbon foams with controllable range of pore sizes and distribution by using temperatures between 283 and 300°C, pressures between 38 and 78 bar, and pressure release times between 5 and 600 s. The highest total porosity was found to be 86%. This porosity level was also complemented by the highest density, and compressive strength. Addition of isotropic pitch, graphite powder and THF, toluene and xylene solvents resulted in higher pore volumes compared with no additives. In the case of exploiting this result, it should be noted that higher pore volumes are realized with drastic drop in porosity and strength. The ability of porous foam to provide scaffold to tissue in vivo was finally investigated after 3 months of implantation in adequate pockets in the nude mice for insertion. Histological examination of the engineered constructs revealed that the tissue adaptation and bone compatibility of the carbon foam material studies on rats was found to be satisfactory. Progression of connective tissue formation into the carbon implant was observed without any sign of cytotoxicity and incompatibility during the postoperative follow‐ups. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2008
Accumulation of magnetically labeled rat mesenchymal stem cells using an external magnetic force, and their potential for bone regeneration
Authors: Sugioka Toshihiro , Ochi Mitsuo , Yasunaga Yuji , Adachi Nobuo , Yanada Shinobu 
Published: September 2007

AbstractWe evaluated the effect of a novel mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) delivery system using magnetic beads and an external magnetic force, and investigated the osteogenic potential of MSCs coupled with magnetic beads in vitro. MSCs were isolated from the bone marrow of 8‐week‐old Sprague Dawley green fluorescent protein rats, and expanded in a monolayer culture system. Magnetic beads (Ferri Sphere 100C®) with carboxyl groups on the surface were conjugated to anti‐rat CD44 mouse monoclonal antibodies by an amide linkage. Expanded MSCs were then combined with the magnetic beads and the MSC‐magnetic bead complexes were seeded onto φ100 mm dishes at low density (5 × 103 cells/dish) with or without the influence of an external magnetic force provided by a neodymium magnet and supplemented with osteogenic differentiation medium. The complexes could be accumulated effectively by the influence of the external magnetic force. Moreover, the complexes could also differentiate into the osteogenic lineage in the monolayer culture system, as verified by alizarin red staining and RT‐PCR for alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin expression. These findings clearly demonstrate the possibility of a novel cell delivery system using MSCs with magnetic beads and an external magnetic force for bone regeneration. If this treatment option is established, it will be minimally invasive when compared to conventional treatments. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2008
Adhesive properties of laminated alginate gels for tissue engineering of layered structures
Authors: Gleghorn Jason P. , Lee Christopher S.D. , Cabodi Mario , Stroock Abraham D. , Bonassar Lawrence J. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractA significant challenge in tissue engineering is the creation of tissues with stratified morphology or embedded microstructures. This study investigated methods to fabricate composite gels from separately deposited alginate layers and examined the effects of processing methods on the mechanics of adhesion. Laminated alginate gels were created through a three step process which included: treatment of the interfaces with citrate; annealing of the gels to allow for molecular rearrangement of the alginate chains; and exposure to a CaCl2 to crosslink the alginate sheets. Process variables included volume and concentration of applied citrate, annealing time, incubation time in CaCl2, and CaCl2 concentration. Laminated sheets were tested in lap‐shear geometry to characterize failure phenomena and mechanical properties. The site of failure within the gel depended on the integrity of the interface, with weaker gels delaminating and gels with mechanical properties similar to that of bulk gels failing randomly throughout the thickness. Citrate volume, citrate concentration, CaCl2 incubation time, and CaCl2 concentration altered the mechanical properties of the laminated alginate sheets, while annealing time had little effect on all measured parameters. This study demonstrates the integration of separately fabricated alginate layers to create mechanically or chemically anisotropic or heterogeneous structures. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2008
Collagen‐coated polylactide microcarriers/chitosan hydrogel composite: Injectable scaffold for cartilage regeneration
Authors: Hong Yi , Gong Yihong , Gao Changyou , Shen Jiacong 
Published: September 2007

AbstractA novel structure of injectable scaffold is designed and fabricated by combining collagen‐coated polylactide (PLA) microcarriers and crosslinkable chitosan hydrogel. The collagen‐coated PLA microcarriers were firstly mixed with the hydrogel precursor, a thickening agent of konjac glucomannan (KGM), and redox initiators of ammonium persulfate and tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA). The mixture was then injected into a mold and incubated at 37°C to obtain the composite scaffold. The hydrogel can deliver the collagen‐coated PLA microcarriers to the desired site and, after gelation, will prevent them from uncontrolled movement. On the other hand, the collagen‐coated PLA microcarriers can substantially enhance the mechanical properties of the composite system. It was found that the microcarriers suspended stably in 0.6% KGM/1% chitosan derivative (CML) solution at 37°C at least for 15 min. The dynamic elastic modulus (G′) of the composite scaffold increased along with the increase of the microcarrier content. G′ of the composite scaffold with 10% microcarriers was measured as 0.87–2.15 MPa at a frequency range of 0.1–100 rad/s, which was 120–90 times higher than that of its hydrogel system alone (12.1–24.4 kPa). In vitro culture of chondrocytes/composite scaffold showed that the cell metabolic activity increased rapidly before day 9, then leveled off. Cells in the hydrogel could attach and grow on the surface of the collagen‐coated PLA microcarriers to form confluent cell layers after days 9–12. These features make the composite scaffold to be injectable and applicable in either tissue engineering, or regenerative medicine, and in particular, in orthopaedics. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2008
Plasma immersion ion implantation treatment of polyethylene for enhanced binding of active horseradish peroxidase
Authors: Gan B.K. , Nosworthy N.J. , McKenzie D.R. , dos Remedios C.G. , Bilek M.M.M. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractRobust attachment of active proteins to synthetic surfaces underpins the development of biosensors and protein arrays. This paper presents the results of experiments in which energetic ions, extracted from an inductively coupled nitrogen plasma, are used to modify the surface of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE). The ability of the surface to bind active horseradish peroxidase (HRP) is significantly enhanced by the plasma treatment. The amide signal in infrared spectroscopy indicates an increased quantity of surface‐attached protein on the modified surface. The activity of the bound HRP remains high compared with that of protein attached to the untreated surface, after repeated washing in buffer solution. Although Tween 20 was an effective blocking agent for the unmodified polyethylene surface, binding of HRP to the modified surface is not inhibited by its presence. We propose that the treatment produces new binding sites on the surface and that the function of the HRP is retained because the treated surface is substantially more hydrophilic. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2008