bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantitative Beschreibung der partiellen Kuchenresuspendierung bei der Filterkuchenwäsche im Labormaßstab
Authors: Henn Hendrik Simon , Sauer Florian , Peuker Urs A. , Hoffner Bernhard 
Published: March 2024

ZusammenfassungEine Filterkuchenwäsche wird in industriellen Prozessen häufig nach der kuchenbildenden Filtration durchgeführt. Die Auslegung von Waschprozessen erfolgt oft anhand von Laborexperimenten unter vereinfachenden Annahmen. In der Praxis können jedoch unvorhersehbare Effekte auftreten, wie die partielle Resuspendierung des Filterkuchens und die daraus folgende ungewollte Kontamination der Waschflüssigkeit. Eine neue Methode zur Beschreibung der Waschflüssigkeitskontamination auf Basis des resuspendierten Kuchenvolumens wird vorgestellt, die auf der Messung der Verunreinigungskonzentration im Flüssigkeitsüberstand basiert. Der Einfluss unterschiedlicher Flüssigkeitsverteiler auf die partielle Resuspendierung wird untersucht.
Ein neues Konzept zur CO2‐Bereitstellung aus Luft als Gaswäsche mit ionischen Flüssigkeiten
Authors: Kussin Peter , Stegmaier Tobias , Müller Christian , Mörs Friedemann , Graf Frank 
Published: March 2024

ZusammenfassungIm Artikel wird ein neuartiges Direct Air Capture (DAC)‐Verfahren vorgestellt, das auf einer Gaswäsche mit ionischen Flüssigkeiten (IL: ionic liquids) beruht. Auf Basis von Voruntersuchungen wurden ein hydrophobes und ein hydrophiles IL‐System für die experimentellen Untersuchungen in einer Versuchsanlage ausgewählt. Es konnte der Nachweis erbracht werden, dass mit dem neuartigen Verfahren konzentriertes CO2‐Produktgas aus der Umgebungsluft gewonnen werden kann.
Single hair analysis for gamma‐hydroxybutyric acid—Method optimization, validation, and application
Authors: Wiedfeld Christopher , Skopp Gisela , Musshoff Frank 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAs gamma‐hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) underlies fast metabolization, its determination from hair may presumably offer a detection window superior to that of body fluids. Due to the wide range of endogenous concentration levels, the evidence of an exogenous ingestion is challenging. As already shown for other drugs, the temporal resolution obtained by applying single hair microanalysis provides further information. Therefore, a method for the extraction and quantification of GHB in 2‐mm hair segments (seg) was optimized and validated (limit of detection [LOD]: 2.5 pg/seg, lower limit of quantification [LLOQ]: 5 pg/seg), and five single hairs were examined, each for three non‐users and for three (alleged) users. A major challenge was the choice of appropriate extraction tubes without remains of GHB. In two samples from non‐users, GHB could not or could only be detected in trace amounts. In the third sample, concentrations between the LOD and 31.1 pg/seg (mean: 9.5, median: 8.4; each pg/seg) were detected with decreasing values towards the tips. In two samples of persons with assumed GHB intake, maximum concentrations of 6.8 and 30.7 pg/seg were measured, but no significant concentration peaks indicating a single ingestion could be observed. The third sample showed concentrations of 7.6–55.2 pg/seg (mean: 28.8, median: 29.6; each pg/seg). In this case, the obtained profiles showing at least two reproducible concentration maxima between 20 and 40 mm point to an ingestion of GHB. The concentration profiles from single hairs were reproducible in each case, reflecting the concentration course of routine 1‐cm segmental analysis. These are the first results published on GHB testing in segmented single hairs, and the results must be verified further.
Seed sowing shifts native–exotic richness relationships in favor of natives during restoration
Authors: Bassett Tyler J. , Grman Emily , Brudvig Lars A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA central goal of ecological restoration is to promote diverse ecosystems dominated by native species, but restorations are often plagued by exotic species. A better understanding of factors underlying positive correlations between native and exotic species richness, a pattern that is nearly ubiquitous at large scales in plant communities, may help managers modify these correlations to favor native plant species during restoration. Across 29 tallgrass prairie sites restored through seed sowing onto former agricultural lands, we examined whether the relationship between native and exotic richness is (1) altered by management, such as seed additions and prescribed fire; (2) controlled instead by environmental conditions and successional processes; or (3) altered by management in certain environments and not in others. As is commonly found, native and exotic richness were positively correlated at large scales (i.e., across sites) in this study. Management actions explained much of the remaining variation in native richness, while environmental conditions explained very little. Sites sown with more species at higher seeding rates, especially forb species, had higher native richness than predicted by the native–exotic richness relationship. In contrast, native richness was lower in older restorations than predicted by the native–exotic richness relationship, because native richness, and not exotic richness, declined with restoration age. We show that management actions such as seed sowing can modify the native–exotic richness relationship to favor native species during restoration. The development of management actions that mitigate native species richness declines over time will further benefit native species restoration.
Metal‐Free K2S2O8 Mediated Synthesis of 3‐(Substituted)‐2‐Arylisoindolin‐1‐One Derivatives With Cascade C−N/C−C Bond Formations Via Radical Cyclization
Authors: Rana Soumitra , Karmakar Rajiv , Shee Uday , Mukhopadhyay Chhanda 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA facile technique was demonstrated for the synthesis of 2‐hydroxy‐2‐[N‐(alkyl/aryl/heteroaryl)‐3‐oxoisoindolin‐1‐yl]‐1H‐indene‐1,3(2H)‐diones by using a metal‐ free persulfate‐mediated one pot three‐component reaction. The reaction involved the combination effect of TBAB (PTC) and K2S2O8 with the addition of the amine to phthalaldehyde and 2,2‐dihydroxyindane‐1,3‐dione to generate isoindolin‐1‐one in‐situ, followed by cyclization.This lactamization process facilitated the formation of C−N bonds under controllable and ambient reaction conditions. A variety of 2‐hydroxy‐2‐[N‐(substituted)‐3‐oxoisoindolin‐1‐yl]‐1H‐indene‐1,3(2H)‐diones were successfully synthesized through a radical pathway from isoindolin‐1‐one, involving C−C bond formation. The method demonstrated high functional group compatibility and a wide substrate scope, resulting in moderate to good yields of the desired products. Additionally, the mechanistic analyses demonstrated that isoindolin‐1‐one might be a significant intermediate being involved in the reaction. X‐ray diffraction analysis was used to examine the crystal structures of synthesized 2‐hydroxy‐2‐[N‐(substituted)‐3‐oxoisoindolin‐1‐yl]‐1H‐indene‐1,3(2H)‐diones. Furthermore, it seems that the reaction mechanism involves a radical pathway.
Enhanced complete ensemble EMD with superior noise handling capabilities: A robust signal decomposition method for power systems analysis
Authors: Calvo Manuel Soto , Lee Han Soo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSignal decomposition is crucial in several domains, particularly in the dissection of complex signals present in electrical power systems. Understanding the oscillations and patterns within these signals can significantly influence energy resource management, grid stability, and efficient system operation. This paper presents an advanced enhanced decomposition method based on Complete Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition with Adaptive Noise (CEEMDAN) to mitigate the inherent drawbacks of the conventional CEEMDAN and its improved version. Unlike CEEMDAN's generalized noise approach, the proposed method introduces adaptive noise, enhancing target signal noise handling by incorporating a tailored filtering and updating process after each iteration. This leads to more accurate signal decomposition compared to traditional methods. Comprehensive tests were conducted using artificially generated signals characterized by mode mixing, varying frequency oscillations, complex real‐world electrical demand signals, generator axis vibrations and partial discharge signals. The results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms traditional techniques in two significant aspects. First, it provides superior spectral separation of the intrinsic modes (IMF) of the signal, thereby enhancing decomposition accuracy. Second, it significantly reduced the number of shifting iterations, thereby alleviating the computational load. These advancements have led to a more accurate and efficient framework that is essential for analyzing nonlinear and nonstationary signals.
The Role of Sediment Ingestion in Exposing Bottom-Feeding Fish to Chemical Elements
Authors: Beyer W. Nelson , Pinkney Alfred E. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Digesta were collected from the intestines of seven species of bottom-feeding fish to better understand the role of incidental ingestion of sediment in exposing fish to inorganic contaminants. A composite sediment tracer variable, based on concentrations of Co, Cr, Ni, Ti, V, and Y in digesta and in sediment, was calculated to estimate sediment content of digesta. Concentration factors (mg/kg in digesta divided by mg/kg in sediment) of eight elements of interest were linearly regressed on this tracer variable. The relative importance of sediment ingestion to oral exposure was quantified. Zinc, Cd, and Cu were ingested mainly from sediment-free food. Arsenic, Cr, Ni, Al, and Pb, in contrast, were ingested mainly from sediment. As an example, 93% of the Ni in digesta from a brown bullhead (Ameiurus nebulosus) was from sediment and only 7% from food. Regressions of Al and Pb in digesta of suckers (Catostomidae) suggested an additional oral source, possibly from oxides coating biotic or abiotic surfaces. Overall, concentrations of 12 of 21 elements studied were positively correlated with sediment content (p &lt; 0.005). Including sediment ingestion as a pathway for bottom-feeding fish is essential for accurately estimating exposures in toxicological studies. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;43:1036–1046. Published 2024. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
Reduced Freshwater Mussel Juvenile Production as a Result of Agricultural and Urban Contaminant Mixture Exposures
Authors: Richard Molly A. , Elliott Sarah , Hummel Stephanie L. , Woolnough Daelyn A. , Rzodkiewicz Lacey D. , Gill Stephanie P. , Rappold Justin , Annis Mandy L. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Freshwater mussels provide invaluable ecological services but are threatened by habitat alteration, poor water quality, invasive species, climate change, and contaminants, including contaminants of emerging concern (CECs). Contaminants of emerging concerns are well documented in aquatic environments, including the Great Lakes Basin, but limited information is available on how environmentally relevant mixtures affect freshwater mussel biology throughout their varied life stages. Our main goal was to assess mussels' reproductive output in response to exposure to agricultural and urban CEC mixtures during glochidial development through juvenile transformation and excystment focusing on how exposure duration and treatment affect: (1) the number of glochidia prematurely released by brooding females, (2) glochidial transformation through host-fish excystment, and (3) the number of fully metamorphosed juveniles able to continue the lifecycle. Mussels and host fish were exposed to either a control water (CW), control ethanol (CE), agriculture CEC mixture (AM), or urban CEC mixture (UM) for 40 and 100 days. We found no effect from treatment or exposure duration on the number of glochidia prematurely released. Fewer partially and fully metamorphosed AM juveniles were observed during the 100-day exposure, compared with the 40-day. During the 40-day exposure, CW produced more fully metamorphosed individuals compared with CE and UM, but during the 100-day exposure AM produced more fully metamorphosed individuals compared with the CW. There was reduction in fully metamorphosed juveniles compared with partially metamorphosed for CE and UM during the 40-day exposure, as well as in the CW during the 100-day exposure. These results will be important for understanding how mussel populations are affected by CEC exposure. The experiments also yielded many insights for laboratory toxicology exposure studies. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;43:1112–1125. © 2024 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC. This article has been contributed to by U.S. Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.
The Effects of Wastewater Reuse on Smallmouth Bass (Micropterus dolomieu) Relative Abundance in the Shenandoah River Watershed, USA
Authors: Wagner Tyler , McLaughlin Paul , Faunce Kaycee E. , Austin Samuel , Smalling Kelly 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Municipal and industrial wastewater effluent is an important source of water for lotic systems, especially during periods of low flow. The accumulated wastewater effluent flows—expressed as a percentage of total streamflow (ACCWW%)—contain chemical mixtures that pose a risk to aquatic life; fish may be particularly vulnerable when chronically exposed. Although there has been considerable focus on individual-level effects of exposure to chemical mixtures found in wastewater effluent, scaling up to population-level effects remains a challenging component needed to better understand the potential consequences of exposure in wild populations. This may be particularly important under a changing climate in which wastewater reuse could be essential to maintain river flows. We evaluated the effects of chronic exposure to wastewater effluent, as measured by ACCWW%, on the relative abundance of young-of-year (YOY), juvenile, and adult smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) populations in the Shenandoah River Watershed (USA). We found that increases in ACCWW% in the previous year and during the prespawn period were negatively correlated with the relative abundance of YOY, resulting in an average 41% predicted decrease in abundance (range = 0.5%–94% predicted decrease in abundance). This lagged effect suggests that adult fish reproductive performance may be compromised by chemical exposure during periods of high ACCWW%. No relationships between ACCWW% and juvenile or adult relative abundance were found, suggesting that negative effects of ACCWW% on YOY abundance may be offset due to compensatory mechanisms following higher ACCWW% exposure. Understanding the effects of wastewater effluent exposure at multiple levels of biological organization will help in the development of management strategies aimed at protecting aquatic life. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;43:1138–1148. © 2024 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC. This article has been contributed to by U.S. Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.
Exploring the Relationship Among Lipid Profile Changes, Growth, and Reproduction in Folsomia candida Exposed to Teflubenzuron Over Time
Authors: Ilyaskina Diana , Fernandes Saúl , Berg Matty P. , Lamoree Marja H. , Gestel Cornelis A. M. , Leonards Pim E. G. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The integration of untargeted lipidomics approaches in ecotoxicology has emerged as a strategy to enhance the comprehensiveness of environmental risk assessment. Although current toxicity tests with soil microarthropods focus on species performance, that is, growth, reproduction, and survival, understanding the mechanisms of toxicity across all levels of biological organization, from molecule to community is essential for informed decision-making. Our study focused on the impacts of sublethal concentrations of the insecticide teflubenzuron on the springtail Folsomia candida. Untargeted lipidomics was applied to link changes in growth, reproduction, and the overall stress response with lipid profile changes over various exposure durations. The accumulation of teflubenzuron in organisms exposed to the highest test concentration (0.035 mg a.s. kg–1 soil dry wt) significantly impacted reproductive output without compromising growth. The results suggested a resource allocation shift from reproduction to size maintenance. This hypothesis was supported by lipid shifts on day 7, at which point reductions in triacylglycerol and diacylglycerol content corresponded with decreased offspring production on day 21. The hypermetabolism of fatty acids and N-acylethanolamines on days 2 and 7 of exposure indicated oxidative stress and inflammation in the animals in response to teflubenzuron bioaccumulation, as measured using high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Overall, the changes in lipid profiles in comparison with phenotypic adverse outcomes highlight the potential of lipid analysis as an early-warning tool for reproductive disturbances caused by pesticides in F. candida. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;43:1149–1160. © 2024 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
Heat transfer assessment incorporated with entropy generation within a curved corner structure enclosing a cold domain
Authors: Saboj Jiaul Haque , Nag Preetom , Saha Goutam , Saha Suvash C. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn cold climates or winter countries, maintaining optimal room temperatures is essential for comfort and energy efficiency. Conventional square or rectangle‐shaped rooms often face challenges in achieving efficient heat transfer (HT) and uniform temperature distribution. To address these limitations, this study has been explored using curved corner cavities, varying their aspect ratio (AR = 1.0 and 0.5), and incorporating a circular shape cooler to enhance HT within the room. The curved corners promote better airflow circulation, creating a more efficient HT environment. The dimensionless governing equations and corresponding boundary conditions are solved numerically using the finite element method. This research aims to assess the optimized HT and entropy production within a curved corner cavity, varying their AR and enclosing a circular shape cooler to determine the most effective configuration for maximizing HT and energy efficiency in winter conditions. This study reveals that in the case without a cooler (WOC), the average Nusselt number () is higher in the curved rectangle cavity compared with the curved square cavity for all values. Using the curved square (AR = 1.0), increases by 191.86%, while with the curved rectangle (AR = 0.5), increases by 302.63% at . Additionally, in the case with a cooler (WC), is higher than the case WOC and , and an average total entropy increases for both the WOC and WC cases for all values. Transitioning from a square to a curved rectangle (AR = 0.5) WC, increases by 329.34% at . Furthermore, in the WOC case, the curved square cavity and, in the WC case, the curved rectangle show better energy efficiency and reduce environmental impact.
Opto‐electronic and thermophysical characteristics of A2TlAgF6 (A = Rb, Cs) for green technology applications
Authors: Al‐Qaisi Samah , Iram Nazia , Samah Saidi , Alqorashi Afaf Khadr , Aljameel A. I. , Alrebdi Tahani A. , Abbas Zeesham , Bouzgarrou S. , Rahman Md. Ferdous , Verma Ajay Singh 
Published: March 2024

AbstractLead‐free double perovskites are unique materials for transport and optoelectronic applications that use clean resources to generate energy. Using first‐principle computations, this study thoroughly investigates the structural, thermoelectric, and optical attributes of A2TlAgF6 (A = Rb, Cs). Tolerance factor and formation energy estimates are used to verify that these materials exist in the cubic phase. Elastic constants with high melting temperature values are ductile when evaluated for mechanical stability using the Born stability criterion. The optical absorption band is adjusted from 2 to 4 eV via band gaps of 1.88 and 1.99 eV, as indicated by band structures. Analysis of optical properties reveals perfect absorption in the visible spectrum, whole polarization, and low optical loss. Furthermore, thermoelectric properties are assessed at 300, 500, and 700 K in the range of −0.5 to 3 eV for chemical potential (μ). The materials exhibit significant improvements in the Figure of Merit scale due to their elevated electrical conductivity, Seebeck coefficient, and extremely low thermal conductivity values.
Peritumoral MRI Radiomics Features Increase the Evaluation Efficiency for Response to Chemotherapy in Patients With Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Li Yong'ai , Jian Junming , Ge Huijie , Gao Xin , Qiang Jinwei 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundIt remains unclear whether extracting peritumoral volume (PTV) radiomics features are useful tools for evaluating response to chemotherapy of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC).PurposeTo evaluate MRI radiomics signatures (RS) capturing subtle changes of PTV and their added evaluation performance to whole tumor volume (WTV) for response to chemotherapy in patients with EOC.Study TypeRetrospective.Population219 patients aged from 15 to 79 years were enrolled.Field Strength/Sequence3.0 or 1.5T, axial fat‐suppressed T2‐weighted imaging (FS‐T2WI), diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI), and contrast enhanced T1‐weighted imaging (CE‐T1WI).AssessmentMRI features were extracted from the four axial sequences and six different volumes of interest (VOIs) (WTV and WTV + PTV (WPTV)) with different peritumor sizes (PS) ranging from 1 to 5 mm. Those features underwent preprocessing, and the most informative features were selected using minimum redundancy maximum relevance and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator to construct the RS. The optimal RS, with the highest area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic was then integrated with independent clinical characteristics through multivariable logistic regression to construct the radiomics‐clinical model (RCM).Statistical TestsMann–Whitney U test, chi‐squared test, DeLong test, log‐rank test. P < 0.05 indicated a significant difference.ResultsAll the RSs constructed on WPTV exhibited higher AUCs (0.720–0.756) than WTV (0.671). Of which, RS with PS = 2 mm displayed a significantly better performance (AUC = 0.756). International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage was identified as the exclusive independent clinical evaluation characteristic, and the RCM demonstrated higher AUC (0.790) than the RS, but without statistical significance (P = 0.261).Data ConclusionThe radiomics features extracted from PTV could increase the efficiency of WTV radiomics for evaluating the chemotherapy response of EOC. The cut‐off of 2 mm PTV was a reasonable value to obtain effective evaluation efficiency.Level of Evidence4Technical EfficacyStage 2
Characterization of PEGylation sites in Neulasta and a biosimilar candidate with a combined fragmentation strategy in mass spectrometry analysis
Authors: Rauniyar Navin , Togle Alyssa J. , Ronci Rachel A. , Reyes Diego , Han Xuemei 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn the development of biosimilar products to Neulasta, it is essential to determine the intact molecular mass and confirm precise PEGylation sites. In this study, we applied a combination of techniques, including post‐column addition of triethylamine in reversed‐phase liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (RPLC‐MS) to determine the intact molecular mass, and in‐source fragmentation (ISF) and higher‐energy collision dissociation–tandem mass spectrometry (HCD‐MS/MS) to identify the PEGylation site. Our results show that both the pegfilgrastim biosimilar candidate and Neulasta lots are mono‐PEGylated at the N‐terminal end. Furthermore, we show that the combined ISF and HCD‐MS/MS method can be used for identifying the PEGylation sites in the diPEGylated variant of pegfilgrastim. The diPEGylated variant has modification sites at the N‐terminal end and a lysine at position 35 in the protein sequence.