bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Galectin-9: A New Endometrial Epithelial Marker for the Mid- and Late-Secretory and Decidual Phases in Humans
Authors: Popovici Roxana M. , Krause Miriam S. , Germeyer Ariane , Strowitzki Thomas , von Wolff Michael 
Published: November 2005

AbstractContext: The galectin family has been reported to play a role in the regulation of cell growth, cell adhesion, apoptosis, inflammation, and immunomodulation, all of which are important for endometrial function, as well as implantation.Objective: The objective of the study was to investigate the expression and regulation of galectin-9, a β-galactoside-binding lectin in the human endometrium.Design: Galectin-9 mRNA and protein were analyzed in dated endometrial biopsies throughout the menstrual cycle and in human early-pregnancy decidua, as well as in the different endometrial cell compartments. Regulation of galectin-9 by estradiol, progesterone, epidermal growth factor, and interferon-γ in endometrial epithelial cells in vitro was studied.Results: Galectin-9 mRNA analyzed by RNase protection assay is expressed in the human endometrium, specifically in the human endometrial epithelial cells but not in stromal or immune cells. It is expressed at very low concentrations during the proliferative phase and the early-secretory phase and shows a sharp and significant increase in the mid- and late-secretory phases, the window of implantation, as well as in the decidua. Accordingly, galectin-9 protein is also exclusively increased in human endometrial epithelial cells during the mid- and late-secretory phases and in the decidua, however, not in endometrial stromal cells or decidualized cells in vivo or in vitro. A regulation in vitro by estradiol, progesterone, epidermal growth factor, and interferon-γ could not be detected.Conclusions: Based on these findings and on the functional studies of other galectins, we suggest galectin-9 as a novel endometrial marker for the mid- and late-secretory and decidual phases.
In situ Synthesis of Ag2S Nanosized Particles in Porous Materials Using Single-source Precursor
Authors: Wada Yuji , Kaneko Masahiro , Niinobe Daisuke , Tsukahara Yasunori 
Published: November 2005

Abstract
Ag2S nanoparticles were synthesized in situ by thermal decomposition of a single-source precursor (SSP, silver diethyldithiocarbamate) in the pores of porous Vycor glass (PVG). The precursor was incorporated into PVG by sublimation or impregnation of a solution of the precursor. The band gaps of Ag2S in PVGs were estimated to be 1.63 and 1.43 eV for the samples prepared by the decomposition of the precursor incorporated by these two methods, indicating occurrence of quantum size effect in the nanoparticles.
Unique Coating of Ruby Crystals on an Aluminum Oxide Wall by Flux Evaporation
Authors: Teshima Katsuya , Takano Atsushi , Suzuki Takaomi , Oishi Shuji 
Published: November 2005

Abstract
Ruby (Al2O3:Cr) layer was successfully grown on a wall surface of an aluminum oxide crucible by isothermal evaporation of molybdenum trioxide (MoO3) flux. The growth was conducted by heating a mixture of MoO3 and an oxide dopant (Cr2O3) at 1100 °C, for 5 h at this temperature without adding any reagent grade aluminum oxide. The ruby layers, obtained with a thickness up to 100–300 μm, were transparent-red. The layers consisted of ruby crystals having flat surfaces. This technique was found to be a very suitable method for coating ruby layer on aluminum oxide materials.
Negative Photochromism of a Spiropyran in a Langmuir–Blodgett Film
Authors: Yokoyama Yasushi , Hara Wakana , Inoue Tsuguya , Ubukata Takashi , Sakomura Masaru , Tukada Hideyuki 
Published: November 2005

Abstract
An indolinospiropyran possessing one long alkyl chain on the nitrogen atom of the indoline moiety and two nitro groups on the benzopyran ring, exhibiting negative photochromism in various organic solvents, showed negative photochromism in a Langmuir–Blodgett film. The change in the surface appearance was observed by atomic force microscopy after the visible light irradiation.
A Novel Seven-coordinate Technetium(IV) Complex: Synthesis and Characterization of [TcO(tpen)]2+ (tpen = N,N,N′,N′-Tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)ethylenediamine)
Authors: Yoshimura Takashi , Kawai Masanori , Takayama Tsutomu , Sekine Tsutomu , Kudo Hiroshi , Shinohara Atsushi 
Published: November 2005

Abstract
The 1:1 reaction of [TcOCl4]− with tpen (tpen = N,N,N′,N′-tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)ethylenediamine) led to the formation of [TcO(tpen)]2+ which is the first example both of seven-coordinate technetium(IV) and oxotechnetium(IV). The coordination geometry of the Tc(IV) ion is a monocapped trigonal prism.
A Novel 3-D Open Coordination Polymeric Network Assembled from Silver(I) and 4,5-Bis(cyanoethylsulfanyl)-1,3-dithiole-2-thione with S···S Contacts
Authors: Ding Yi , Zhong Jian-Chu , Munakata Megumu , Konaka Hisashi , Ning Gui-Ling , Wang Hong-Zhi 
Published: November 2005

Abstract
A novel 3-D silver(I) cationic coordination polymeric network, [Ag4(bcdt)4(CF3SO3)2]·(CF3SO3)2·acetone (bcdt = 4,5-bis(cyanoethylsulfanyl)-1,3-dithiole-2-thione) with double (3,4)-connected nodes and extensive face-to-face and side-by-side S···S contacts, was synthesized and crystallographically characterized.
Photofission of209Bi at intermediate energies
Authors: Haba H. , Kasaoka M. , Igarashi M. , Washiyama K. , Matsumura H. , Oura Y. , Shibata S. , Sakamoto K. , Furukawa M. , Fujiwara I. 
Published: November 2005

SummaryThe reaction yields of 63 radionuclides with the mass numberA= 56 − 135 produced in the photofission of209Bi by bremsstrahlung of end-point energies (E0) from 450 to 1100 MeV have been measured using a catcher foil technique with the aid of intensive chemical separation. The charge distribution was well reproduced by a Gaussian function with the most probable charge (Zp) expressed by a linear function ofA,i.e.,Zp=RA+S, and with theA-independent full width at half maximum (FWHMCD). The charge distribution parametersR,Sand FWHMCDwere independent ofE0above 600 MeV, reflecting the resonance nature in photonuclear reactions at intermediate energies. The weighted mean values atE0≥ 600 MeV wereR= 0.421 ± 0.001,S= 0.6 ± 0.1 and FWHMCD= 2.1 ± 0.1 charge unit (c.u.). The numbers of pre- and post-fission neutrons were deduced to be νpre= 12 ± 1 and νpost= 1.4 ± 0.3, respectively, assuming the Unchanged Charge Distribution (UCD). Based on the charge distribution parameters, the symmetric mass yield distributions with the most probable massApof 96 ± 1 mass unit (m.u.) and the width FWHMMDof 33 ± 1 m.u. were also obtained. The characteristics of the charge and mass yield distributions are discussed by referring to those for197Au based on the results of calculations using the Photon-induced Intranuclear Cascade Analysis code combined with the Generalized Evaporation Model (PICA3/GEM).
Synergistic extraction of uranium(VI) by bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl) phosphini acid in the presence of neutral oxo-donors
Authors: Meera R. , Reddy M.L.P. 
Published: November 2005

Summary
The extraction behavior of uranium(VI) from nitric acid solutions has been investigated using mixtures of bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)phosphinic acid (HBTMPP) and trialkylphosphine oxide (Cyanex 923 = TRPO), triphenylphosphine oxide (TPhPO) or tributylphosphate (TBP). The results demonstrate that uranium(VI) is extracted into xylene as UO2(BTMPP)2 with HBTMPP alone and as UO2(BTMPP)2·S (where S = TRPO, TPhPO or TBP) in the presence of neutral oxo-donors. The extraction equilibrium constants of the above extracted complexes have been deduced by non-linear regression analysis with the aid of suitable chemically based model developed taking into account aqueous phase complexation of metal ion with inorganic ligands and all plausible complexes extracted into the organic phase. The addition of a neutral oxo-donor to the metal chelate system significantly enhances the extraction efficiency of uranium(VI). Complexation strength of uranium(VI) with neutral oxo-donors follows the order: TRPO > TPhPO > TBP, which is also the basicity sequence of these ligands. The IR spectral studies of the extracted complexes were used to further clarify the nature of the extracted complexes.
Accelerator mass spectrometry dating at Çatalhöyük
Authors: Göktürk E. H. , Hillegonds D. J. , Lipschutz M. E. , Hodder I. 
Published: November 2005

Summary
Several charred plant and charcoal samples from various stratigraphic levels of the Neolithic Site, Çatalhöyük – Turkey, were dated in the AMS facility of Purdue University (PRIME Lab). Radiocarbon dates reveal a complicated chronology, as was foreseen from archeological investigations. Our measurements suggest that this unique Neolithic town may have been initiated at the East mound around 8390 BP.
Role of Complement Anaphylatoxin C3a in Photodynamic Therapy‐elicited Engagement of Host Neutrophils and Other Immune Cells
Authors: Cecic Ivana , Sun Jinghai , Korbelik Mladen 
Published: November 2005

ABSTRACTTumor treatment by photodynamic therapy (PDT) provokes a host‐protective inflammatory and acute‐phase response and an immune reaction. Neutrophilia manifested in this context is driven by multiple mediators of neutrophil chemotaxis orchestrated by an activated complement system. Mouse FsaR fibrosarcoma was used in this study to further investigate neutrophilia induced by Photofrin‐based PDT. The complement anaphylatoxin C3a was identified as a major chemo‐attractant in the advanced phase of PDT‐induced neutrophilia, because injecting mice with antibodies blocking its receptor C3aR significantly inhibited the increase in neutrophil levels 8 h after PDT. At the same time point, an increased C3aR expression was detected in neutrophils, monocytes and B lymphocytes in the blood of host mice. Peritoneal macro‐phages and mast cells harvested from treatment‐naive mice exhibited elevated C3aR expression after coincubation in vitro for 8 h with PDT‐treated FsaR cells. Thus, C3a emerges as one of the key effector molecules engaged in PDT‐induced host response.
Biofilm Formation by the Periodontopathic Bacteria Treponema denticola and Porphyromonas gingivalis
Authors: Kuramitsu Howard K. , Chen Wen , Ikegami Aki 
Published: November 2005

Background: Periodontitis develops as a result of the interaction of the host with subgingival plaque bacteria. Both Porphyromonas gingivalis and Treponema denticola are frequently associated together in these oral biofilms.Methods: The molecular basis for in vitro biofilm formation was investigated for P. gingivalis 381, T. denticola 35405, and mixtures of the two organisms using microtiter plate assays. In addition, the biofilms were examined following confocal laser scanning microscopy.Results: P. gingivalis 381, but not T. denticola strains, formed biofilms in vitro. This property was dependent, in part, on the strain 381 fimA, ppk, and usp genes. Microarray and Northern blot analyses suggested that the expression of the ppk gene was required for maximal expression of the uspA gene. P. gingivalis 381 formed synergistic biofilms when incubated with T. denticola strains. This process was dependent upon the strain 381 rgpB and fimA genes as well as the T. denticola flgE and cfpA genes.Conclusions: P. gingivalis 381 formed synergistic biofilms with T. denticola 35405. These results may be relevant to the previous observations that the two organisms are frequently observed together in subgingival plaque with the spirochetes localized to the exterior of the oral biofilms. It is suggested that other such synergistic effects may also occur between other plaque bacteria.
Oral Streptococci and Cardiovascular Disease: Searching for the Platelet Aggregation‐Associated Protein Gene and Mechanisms of Streptococcus sanguis‐Induced Thrombosis
Authors: Herzberg Mark C. , Nobbs Angela , Tao Lin , Kilic Ali , Beckman Eric , Khammanivong Ali , Zhang Yongshu 
Published: November 2005

Background: Pathogenic mechanisms in infective endocarditis, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and cardiovascular events involve the aggregation of platelets into thrombi. Attendant infection by oral bacteria contributes to these diseases. We have been studying how certain oral streptococci induce platelet aggregation in vitro and in vivo. Streptococcus sanguis expresses a platelet aggregation‐associated protein (PAAP), which contributes little to adhesion to platelets. When specific antibodies or peptides block PAAP, S. sanguis fails to induce platelet aggregation in vitro or in vivo.Methods: We used subtractive hybridization to identify the gene encoding for PAAP.Results: After subtraction of strain L50 (platelet aggregation‐negative), four strain 133‐79 specific sequences were characterized. Sequence agg4 encoded a putative collagen‐binding protein (CbpA), which was predicted to contain two PAAP collagen‐like octapeptide sequences. S. sanguis CbpA‐ mutants were constructed and tested for induction of platelet aggregation in vitro. Platelet aggregation was substantially inhibited when compared to the wild‐type using platelet‐rich plasma from the principal donor, but adhesion was unaffected. Other donor platelets responded normally to the CbpA‐ strain, suggesting additional mechanisms of response to S. sanguis. In contrast, CshA‐ and methionine sulfoxide reductase‐negative (MsrA‐) strains neither adhered nor induced platelet aggregation.Conclusions: CbpA was suggested to contribute to site 2 interactions in our two‐site model of platelet aggregation in response to S. sanguis. Platelet polymorphisms were suggested to contribute to the thrombogenic potential of S. sanguis.
The Association Between Osteoporosis and Oral Bone Loss
Authors: Jeffcoat Marjorie 
Published: November 2005

Background: Osteoporosis and osteopenia are characterized by reductions in bone mass and may lead to skeletal fragility and fracture. The purpose of this paper is to review studies to determine the relationship between oral bone loss and osteoporosis. In addition, the major modes of therapy for osteoporosis are discussed.Methods: In this convenience review, papers studying the possible correlation between oral bone loss and osteoporosis in humans, written in the English language since 1983, were reviewed.Results: The methods used to assess oral and systemic bone varied greatly from study to study. Therefore, the results were not amenable to meta‐analysis. Thirteen of the 15 studies did show a positive correlation between systemic bone mass and oral bone mass (or bone loss).Conclusion: Studies to date indicate a possible correlation between systemic and oral bone loss.
Periodontal Therapy Reduces the Rate of Preterm Low Birth Weight in Women With Pregnancy‐Associated Gingivitis
Authors: López Néstor J. , Da Silva Isabel , Ipinza Joaquín , Gutiérrez Jorge 
Published: November 2005

Background: One hypothesis to explain the association between periodontal disease (PD) preterm/low birth weight (PT/LBW) is that PT/LBW may be indirectly mediated through translocation of bacteria or bacterial products in the systemic circulation. Transient bacteremias occur in subjects with marginal periodontitis or with gingivitis, and it is possible that bacteria and their products may reach the placental membranes hematogenously and provide the inflammatory effect to induce preterm labor. The effect of gingivitis as a potential risk factor for PT/LBW has still not been studied. A randomized controlled trial was undertaken to determine the effect of routine plaque control and scaling on the pregnancy outcomes in women with gingivitis.Methods: Eight hundred seventy (870) pregnant women with gingivitis, aged 18 to 42, were enrolled while receiving prenatal care in Santiago, Chile. Women were randomly assigned in a two‐to‐one fashion to either a treatment group (N = 580), receiving periodontal treatment before 28 weeks of gestation or to a control group (N = 290), receiving periodontal treatment after delivery. Periodontal therapy consisted of plaque control, scaling, and daily rinsing with 0.12% clorhexidine. Maintenance therapy was provided every 2 to 3 weeks until delivery, and consisted of oral hygiene instruction and supragingival plaque removal by instrumentation, as needed. The primary outcomes assessed were delivery at less than 37 weeks of gestation or an infant weighing less than 2,500 g.Results: Of the 870 women enrolled, 36 women (27 in the treatment group and nine in the control group) were excluded from the analyses for different reasons. The incidence of PT/LBW in the treatment group was 2.14% (12/560) and in the control group, 6.71% (19/283) (odds ratio [OR] 3.26; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.56 to 6.83; P = 0.0009). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that, after adjusting for several known risk factors for PT/LBW, women with gingivitis were at a higher risk of PT/LBW than women who received periodontal treatment (OR 2.76; 95%CI 1.29 to 5.88; P = 0.008).Conclusions: Periodontal treatment significantly reduced the PT/LBW rate in this population of women with pregnancy‐associated gingivitis. Within the limitions of this study, we conclude that gingivitis appears to be an independent risk factor for PT/LBW for this population.
Assessment of Wool Waste and Hair Waste as Soil Amendment and Nutrient Source
Authors: Zheljazkov Valtcho D. 
Published: November 2005

ABSTRACTA field and two container experiments were conducted to assess uncomposted wool and hair wastes as a nutrient source for crops and to evaluate their potential to improve soil biological and chemical properties. Overall, addition of wool or hair waste to soil increased yields of basil (Ocimum basilicum L. ‘Trakia’), thorn apple (Datura innoxia Mill. ‘Inka’), peppermint (Mentha × piperita L. ‘Black Mitchum’), and garden sage (Salvia officinalis L. ‘Desislava’), increased NH4–N and NO3–N in soil, increased total N (and protein) content in plant tissue, stimulated soil microbial biomass, and decreased mycorrhizae colonization of plant roots of thorn apple but not in basil. Wool and hair waste additions to soil altered slightly the content and composition of plant secondary metabolites (essential oils or alkaloids); however, overall the constituents remained within the “typical” range for the respective crops. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X‐ray (EDX) analysis demonstrated that wool and hair wastes decompose slowly under field or greenhouse conditions, and act as a slow release S, N, P, and K fertilizer. These results, along with the measured concentrations of NO3–N in soil at harvest, suggest that the addition of wool or hair waste of only 3.3 g kg−1 of soil may support two to five harvests or crops under greenhouse conditions and two to four field seasons in field production systems, and would improve soil biological and chemical characteristics. Further research is needed to optimize the rate of application of these waste materials to the nutrient requirements of specific crops to avoid nitrate leaching into the ground water. In addition, the effect of wool and hair waste on other environmental end points should also be further investigated before specific recommendations for growers are provided.
Phosphorus, Sediment, and Escherichia coli Loads in Unfenced Streams of the Georgia Piedmont, USA
Authors: Byers H. L. , Cabrera M. L. , Matthews M. K. , Franklin D. H. , Andrae J. G. , Radcliffe D. E. , McCann M. A. , Kuykendall H. A. , Hoveland C. S. , Calvert V. H. 
Published: November 2005

ABSTRACTContamination of unfenced streams with P, sediments, and pathogenic bacteria from cattle (Bos taurus) activity may be affected by the availability of shade and alternative water sources. The objectives of this study were to evaluate water quality in two streams draining tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.)–common bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon L.) pastures with different shade distribution, and to quantify the effects of alternative water sources on stream water quality. For 3 yr, loads of dissolved reactive phosphorus (DRP), total phosphorus (TP), and total suspended solids (TSS) were measured during storm flow, and loads of DRP, TP, TSS, and Escherichia coli were measured every 14 d during base flow. We also used GPS collars to determine amount of time cattle spent in riparian areas. Our results showed that cattle‐grazed pastures with unfenced streams contributed significant loads of DRP, TP, TSS, and E. coli to surface waters (p < 0.01). Time spent by cattle in riparian areas as well as storm flow loads of DRP, TP, and TSS were larger (p < 0.08) in the pasture with the smaller amount of nonriparian shade. Water trough availability decreased base flow loads of TSS and E. coli in both streams, and decreased time cattle spent in riparian areas in the pasture with the smaller amount of nonriparian shade (p < 0.08). Our results indicate that possible BMPs to reduce contamination from cattle‐grazed pastures would be to develop or encourage nonriparian shade and to provide cattle with alternative water sources away from the stream.
Rhizospheric Mobilization and Plant Uptake of Radiocesium from Weathered Micas
Authors: Gommers A. , Thiry Y. , Delvaux B. 
Published: November 2005

ABSTRACTPotassium depletion in the soil solution around plant roots promotes the root uptake of radiocesium. However, it can also induce the transformation of mica through the release of interlayer K. In bulk soil, the formation of frayed edge sites (FES) with a high selectivity for Cs adsorption is usually related with mica weathering. We studied the effect of K level in the nutrient solution on the root‐induced weathering of phlogopite as well as on the root uptake of radiocesium by willow (Salix viminalis L. var. Orm). The willows were grown for 7 wk in column lysimeters filled with a quartz–phlogopite mixed substrate continuously irrigated with nutrient solutions differing in K concentration (0–2 mM). From a potassium supply of 0.4 mM downward, we observed a decrease in root uptake of potassium as well as an increase in (i) potassium release from phlogopite, (ii) degree of transformation of phlogopite into vermiculite, and (iii) root uptake of radiocesium. Increasing K depletion had thus two effects: a decrease of the root uptake of potassium and an increase of phlogopite weathering in the rhizosphere, both of which promoted the root uptake of radiocesium.
Rhizospheric Mobilization and Plant Uptake of Radiocesium from Weathered Micas
Authors: Thiry Yves , Gommers Annick , Iserentant Anne , Delvaux Bruno 
Published: November 2005

ABSTRACTAcute K depletion in the rhizosphere can lead to increased root uptake of radiocesium. Two processes can govern this increase: the very low uptake of potassium and the weathering of Cs‐fixing clay minerals. Their respective importance is, however, unknown. We investigated the effects of these processes on radiocesium mobilization by roots of willow (Salix viminalis L.) from three micas: muscovite, biotite, and phlogopite. Willows were grown in a mixed quartz–mica substrate with the three respective 134Cs‐contaminated micas as sole sources of potassium and radiocesium. After 7 wk of plant growth, the micas were partially weathered. The degree of mica weathering and the prevalent potassium concentration in the solution increased in the order muscovite (5–11 μM K) < biotite (25–32 μM K) < phlogopite (25–35 μM K). The mobilization and root uptake of radiocesium were negligible with muscovite but increased in the same order. These results show that mica weathering directly and chiefly governs the mobility of radiocesium in K‐depleted rhizosphere soil. The low mobility of trace Cs in the muscovite rhizosphere is linked with the dioctahedral character of this mica, and hence to its very low alterability.