bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Digital libraries: what do users want?
Authors: Kani‐Zabihi Elahe , Ghinea Gheorghita , Chen Sherry Y. 
Published: September 2006

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to determine user suggestions for digital libraries' functionality and features.Design/methodology/approachA survey was conducted as part of this study, in which users' suggestions for digital libraries were solicited, as well as their ranking opinions on a range of suggested digital library features.FindingsThe study revealed that, regardless of users' information technology (IT) backgrounds, their expectations of digital libraries' functionality are the same. However, based on users' previous experiences with digital libraries, their requirements with respect to specific features may change.Practical implicationsInvolving users in digital library design should be an integral step in the process of building a digital library – in addition to the classic roles of evaluation and testing.Originality/valueIn previous digital library user studies, users were involved implicitly (e.g. observed) or explicitly (e.g. diary notes). However, they were never asked to suggest digital library features or functionalities, as this was left to usability and domain experts. This study approached digital library design from a new perspective, giving users an opportunity to express their suggestions on future functionality and features of digital libraries. Moreover, in contrast to previous work, this study has explicitly taken into account the IT abilities of those interacting with a digital library.
A study of metadata element co‐occurrence
Authors: Zhang Jin , Jastram Iris 
Published: September 2006

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate the internet web page metadata usage behavior in terms of their metadata element co‐occurrences. Metadata are designed to facilitate both web publishers/authors to organize their web pages and search engines to index the web pages accurately.Design/methodology/approachThis study examines the types of metadata elements employed by different professional groups of web authors, the number of elements they prefer to use, and the types of element combinations they typically embed in their pages' HTML code.FindingsThe findings reveal that the “keyword” and “description” elements were the most popular single elements. The most popular combination of two elements was that of “keyword and description”. Very few authors included combinations of five elements. This study also shows that preferences for element combinations varied by domains.Originality/valueThis approach will enhance the current understanding of metadata usage behavior and may help search engine designers as they continue their quest for improved indexing and retrieval of web pages.
Agenda for Change: views and experiences from estates and facilities staff
Authors: May Daryl , Agahi Helen , Askham Phil , Nelson Margaret‐Mary 
Published: September 2006

PurposeAgenda for Change is the biggest reform of staff pay in the UK National Health Service (NHS) since it began in 1948. As well as introducing a standardised pay structure; it also aims to improve recruitment, retention and staff morale. The aim of this study is to look in‐depth at the experiences and opinions of a range of estates and facilities staff surrounding Agenda for Change during the implementation period.Design/methodology/approachFocus groups were used as the primary method of data collection in an attempt to tap into the views and opinions of staff working at operational positions in a wide range of trusts.FindingsOne of the most important and common themes, which reoccurred throughout the focus groups, was the view that the Agenda for Change framework was designed around the needs of nursing staff. Therefore, the framework did not adequately cater for the needs of estates and facilities staff. Specific concerns related to this included; the role or contribution of estates and facilities staff during patient care was not fairly reflected; trade qualifications were not recognised, particularly in comparison to academic qualifications; members of the job matching panels did not have the appropriate knowledge to make decisions surrounding estates and facilities jobs; nurses were more likely to make progress through the bands than estates and facilities staff.Originality/valueThis paper would be of use to NHS estates and facilities managers who are currently implementing Agenda for Change or as a general case study on change management.
The integration of key players in the control of healthcare associated infections in different types of domestic services
Authors: Liyanage Champika , Egbu Charles 
Published: September 2006

PurposeThe main purpose of this paper is to present some of the findings of a PhD research project. The findings are related to issues of integration of the key players in the control of healthcare associated infections (HAI) in FM services. Out of the FM services, the focus of the study was limited only to domestic services.Design/methodology/approachMost of what is put forward in this paper is based on a PhD research project which is at its final stages. The findings are grounded on a case study approach and a questionnaire survey approach, carried out as part of the research. Informal interviews with infection control experts in the national health service (NHS) in Scotland and a thorough review of literature also provided useful insights to make conclusions of this paper.FindingsIt is evident from a thorough review of literature that the integration between the clinical teams and domestic teams is vital in order to ensure well maintained standards in the control of HAI in domestic services. However, the findings of the case studies and questionnaire survey suggest that, at present, there is less integration between domestic teams and clinical teams (mainly infection control team members). This is mostly due to the fact that the clinical teams and domestic teams consider themselves as two separate entities. This is obvious especially when the domestic service is managed by an external party (e.g. PFI contractor). However, many UK government studies have shown that there is no correlation between contracting‐out and HAI. Therefore, the solution (to control HAI) is not to rush and bring cleaning contracts back in‐house, but to take steps to create and improve communication and coordination between the domestic teams and clinical teams. More empirical research is, therefore, needed to resolve the issue of “integration” in order to create a “friendly” and a “coordinative” environment in hospitals.Research limitations/implicationsTargeted guidelines on the role of domestic services in the control of HAI as well as the paucity of relevant literature on related areas could be considered as limitations.Practical implicationsThe cultural issues between the clinical teams and non‐clinical teams (particularly domestic teams in this study point of view) are major implications to adopt a team‐based approach in the control of HAI.Originality/valueThe paper focuses on one of the major issues in healthcare, i.e. HAI. Few have taken an FM perspective on this issue. It is worthwhile to note that, at the time of this research, there was only a handful of literature on the aforementioned issue. Besides, none of the literature has discussed the issue of involvement and integration particularly with regard to control of HAI in domestic services. Many of the case study participants and survey respondents also commended the in‐depth interest taken on the aforementioned issue. This paper, therefore, adds a significant value to healthcare research and research on FM.
Share prices and accounting variables: a hierarchical Bayesian analysis
Authors: Gallizo José L. , Salvador Manuel 
Published: September 2006

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the relevance of accounting variables to explain the evolution of a company's share price; and more specifically, we analyse the influence of cash flow and book value on the evolution of the share price, taking into account certain covariates which have traditionally been regarded as helping explain this effect.Design/methodology/approachA hierarchical Bayesian model is used to analyse the relevance of the accounting figures considered by the markets.FindingsThe empirical results obtained show that the firm size and the speed of asset turnover are a company's most relevant features, which is indirectly consistent with the theory of company life cycles.Originality/valueThe empirical results obtained are of value to support the validity of company life cycle theory.
Trust relations in health care: developing a theoretical framework for the “new” NHS
Authors: Rowe Rosemary , Calnan Michael 
Published: September 2006

PurposeThis paper seeks to address how and why trust relations in the NHS may be changing and presents a theoretical framework for exploring them in future empirical research.Design/methodology/approachThis paper provides a conceptual analysis. It proposes that public and patient trust in health care in the UK appears to be shaped by a variety of factors. From a macro perspective, any changes in levels of public trust in health care institutions appear to derive partly from top‐down policy initiatives that have altered the way in which health services are organised and partly from broader social and cultural processes. A variety of policy initiatives, including the introduction of clinical governance and the resulting use of performance management to scrutinise and change clinical activity, increasing patient choice and involvement in decision‐making regarding their care, are examined for how they have changed the context for trust relations within the NHS.FindingsIt is argued that these policy initiatives have produced a new context for trust relations within the NHS, shifting the inter‐dependence and distribution of power between patients, clinicians, and mangers and changing their vulnerability to each other and to health care institutions. The paper presents a theoretical framework based on current policy discourses which illustrates how new forms of trust relations may be emerging in this new context of health care delivery, reflecting a change in motivations for trust from affect based to cognition based trust as patients, clinicians and managers become more active partners in trust relations. The framework suggests that trust relations in all three types of relationship in the “new” modernised NHS might, in general, be particularly characterised by an emphasis on communication, providing information and the use of “evidence” to support decisions in a reciprocal, negotiated alliance.Originality/valueThe paper examines the drivers for change in trust in health care relations in the UK and develops a theoretical framework for the emergence of new trust relations that can be subsequently explored through empirical research.
“You have to cover up the words of the doctor”
Authors: Robb Nadia , Greenhalgh Trisha 
Published: September 2006

PurposeThis article explores issues of trust in narratives of interpreted consultations in primary health care.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is based on empirical data from a qualitative study of accounts of interpreted consultations in UK primary care, undertaken in three north London boroughs. In a total of 69 individual interviews and two focus groups, narratives of interpreted consultations were sought from 18 service users, 17 professional interpreters, nine family member interpreters, 13 general practitioners, 15 nurses, eight receptionists, and three practice managers. The study collected and analysed these using a grounded theory approach and taking the story as the main unit of analysis. It applies a theoretical model that draws on three key concepts: Greener's taxonomy of trust based on the different “faces” of power in medical consultations; Weber's notion of bureaucratic vs traditional social roles; and Habermas' distinction between communicative and strategic action.FindingsTrust was a prominent theme in almost all the narratives. The triadic nature of interpreted consultations creates six linked trust relationships (patient‐interpreter, patient‐clinician, interpreter‐patient, interpreter‐clinician, clinician‐patient and clinician‐interpreter). Three different types of trust are evident in these different relationships – voluntary trust (based on either kinship‐like bonds and continuity of the interpersonal relationship over time, or on confidence in the institution and professional role that the individual represents), coercive trust (where one person effectively has no choice but to trust the other, as when a health problem requires expert knowledge that the patient does not have and cannot get) and hegemonic trust (where a person's propensity to trust, and awareness of alternatives, is shaped and constrained by the system so that people trust without knowing there is an alternative). These different types of trust had important implications for the nature of communication in the consultation and on patients' subsequent action.Research limitations/implicationsThe methodological and analytic approach, potentially, has wider applications in the study of other trust relationships in health and social care.Practical implicationsQuality in the interpreted consultation cannot be judged purely in terms of accuracy of translation. The critical importance of voluntary trust for open and effective communication, and the dependence of the latter on a positive interpersonal relationship and continuity of care, should be acknowledged in the design and funding of interpreting services and in the training of both clinicians, interpreters and administrative staff.Originality/valueThis is the first study in which interpreted consultations have been analysed from a perspective of critical sociology with a particular focus on trust and power relations.
Audit of the quality of documentation in an eye casualty department
Authors: Liyanage S.E. , Thyagarajan S. , Khemka S. , Blades M. , de Alwis D.V. 
Published: September 2006

PurposeThe purpose of this paper was to prospectively audit an eye department's quality of note keeping in a casualty setting.Design/methodology/approachThe paper found that locally agreed standards for quality of documentation were based on criteria integral to the patient pathway. Assessment of local practice, was carried out, by reviewing patient records. The results were compared against locally agreed standards and indicators were divided into those, which the unit performed well, and those, which could be improved, necessitating action. Changes in practice, including education and document redesign, were carried out. The results were re‐audited and compared with previous cycles.FindingsThe paper found that 145 records were audited in four cycles over a nine‐month period. The department performed consistently well in the majority of indicators. All but one of the poorly performing indicators improved with the changes in practice. These improvements were sustained with repeated re‐audit.Originality/valueThe paper shows that good note keeping in the unpredictable setting of the casualty clinic is difficult, which impacts on patient care. This simple audit has had a beneficial effect on the unit's standard of note keeping in the casualty environment and can easily be adapted to improve documentation in other clinical specialties and scenarios.
Clinical Governance improvement initiatives in community nursing
Authors: Maddock Anne , Kralik Debbie , Smith Judy 
Published: September 2006

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to describe a clinical governance framework applied in a community nursing setting. Significant opportunities for improving quality and safety of clinical practice through clinical governance within a community‐nursing organisation are idendified.Design/methodology/approachThe intention in this paper is to achieve quality client outcomes by translating a clinical governance framework into the day‐to‐day practice and processes of all staff, and by developing a system of leadership that supports improvement as a fundamental part of organisational processes.FindingsThe paper finds that a comprehensive project plan was developed which involved six interrelated steps or stages that would serve as indicators of project progress.Research limitations/implicationsIn the paper, the organisation continues down the journey of implementing a comprehensive clinical governance framework over a five‐year implementation plan.Originality/valueThe paper shows that the improvement plan offers many exciting challenges for the organisation over the coming years.
The pursuit of happiness? A challenge
Authors: Cunningham Ian 
Published: September 2006

PurposeThe purpose of this article is to explore the issue of “happiness” as a meaningful concept in organizational life.Design/methodology/approachThe article is based on published studies in the field of happiness.FindingsThe article finds that the concept of happiness is too narrow to be valuable to learning and development professionals.Practical implicationsThe article has a practical application in that learning and development professionals can examine their own practice in the light of the wider issues that the debate about happiness raises.Originality/valueThe article raises important issues for learning and development professionals about their role.
How experts see what the rest of us miss
Authors: Schempp Paul G. 
Published: September 2006

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify the key characteristics of the perceptual capacities experts use to analyze events and make decisions.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is a research review and summary.FindingsThe paper finds that the four keys to expert perception are: focus on events and factors most relevant to performance, draw inferences from observations, be attuned to the atypical, and critically analyze the events observed.Practical implicationsThe paper identifies the steps necessary for analyzing events and making decisions like an expert.Originality/valueThe study offers cutting‐edge findings on a key characteristic necessary for developing expert performers.
Possibilities for upgrading the existing building stock in Belgrade
Authors: Cukovic Ignjatovic Natasa , Ignjatovic Dusan 
Published: September 2006

PurposeThis paper wants to explore the potential for energy‐efficient upgrading of existing residential buildings in Belgrade, targeting the portions of the existing building stock which seem to be the most convenient for such intervention.Design/methodology/approachUsing the methodology proposed by the scientific research project “Energy Optimization of Buildings in Context of Sustainable Architecture” (Faculty of Architecture – University of Belgrade and Serbian Ministry of Science and Technology) Belgrade's building stock is presented through six major groups. The typology shows different potentials of these building types for quality rehabilitation.FindingsThis paper shows that it can be estimated that over 45 percent of Belgrade's building stock could be efficiently improved in present market conditions. The potential overall benefit of such shift in the environmental quality of existing buildings is huge enough to initiate active involvement and support of various parties – authorities, legislation, building industry, professional organizations, NGOs, etc.Practical implicationsThe paper points out which building types are the most suitable for such upgrades and improvements. It facilitates the choice for potential pilot‐projects, experimental interventions or sampling for theoretical and numerical research that could explore technical solutions and estimate possible benefits for a particular building or building type.Originality/valueThe paper shows rather informative overview of Belgrade's building stock, structured in order to facilitate further theoretical and practical work in this area and initiate more focused and precise quantification of potential benefits.
Urban development through PPPs in the Euro‐Mediterranean region
Authors: Kyvelou Stella , Karaiskou Elisavet 
Published: September 2006

PurposeThe paper presents how public‐private cooperation schemes can successfully assist in the implementation of contemporary urban development policies, focusing mainly on the guidelines set by the European Union as well as the cases of three Mediterranean countries: Italy, France and Greece.Design/methodology/approachThe paper approaches the issue of private financing in urban development by analyzing the main advantages of public‐private partnerships, the terms under which these co operations can be successful, as well as the way in which some national authorities in the Euro‐Mediterranean area have attempted to implement PPPs.FindingsMediterranean countries are lacking relatively behind concerning the adoption of public – private partnerships for urban development projects. This paper states that public‐private financing schemes have the potential of becoming an important tool for promoting urban regeneration in combination with respecting the principle of sustainability.Practical implicationsAttempts to encourage public policy makers and local authorities in particular to undertake relevant actions in order to promote partnerships with private institutions in the field of urban development.Originality/valueProvides information on how private financing of urban development projects is being adopted in Southern Europe, thus presenting the different approaches undertaken by each of the countries in question (Italy, France and Greece) in relation to their legislative and administrative and cultural background.
Pure vs speculative risk
Authors: Powers Michael R. 
Published: September 2006

PurposeThe purpose of this editorial is to study the relationship between the pure risks of insurance and the speculative risks of other financial markets in the context of financial services “convergence”.Design/methodology/approachThe editorial recasts the difference between pure risks and speculative risks as a distinction between empirical risks (which arise from observable natural processes largely insulated against behavioral effects) and market risks (which contain substantial non‐empirical or behavioral components).FindingsUsing the empirical risk/market risk dichotomy, it is argued that there is little reason to anticipate a dramatic convergence of insurance and other financial markets.Originality/valueThe editorial challenges conventional distinctions between insurance and other financial risks, as well as conventional expectations regarding financial services convergence.
Option pricing for some stochastic volatility models
Authors: Thavaneswaran A. , Singh J. , Appadoo S.S. 
Published: September 2006

PurposeTo study stochastic volatility in the pricing of options.Design/methodology/approachRandom‐coefficient autoregressive and generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedastic models are studied. The option‐pricing formula is viewed as a moment of a truncated normal distribution.FindingsKurtosis for RCA and for GARCH process is derived. Application of random coefficient GARCH kurtosis in analytical approximation of option pricing is discussed.Originality/valueFindings are useful in financial modeling.