bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and Malignant Transformation Rate of Oral Erythroplakia Worldwide - A Systematic Review
Authors: Wadde Kavita Ramesh , Gajare Priyanka Prakash , Sachdev Sanpreet Singh , Singhavi Hitesh Rajendra 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background:
To determine the characteristics of oral erythroplakia (OE) on a global scale, it is important to analyse and evaluate findings from various studies conducted across multiple geographical locations.

Objectives:
This review was conducted to determine the prevalence and malignant transformation rate (MTR) of OE.

Data Sources:
A systematic search was performed to identify studies reporting the prevalence and MTR of OE across various databases – PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Elsevier and ScienceDirect without any restriction for the time of publication.

Study Eligibility Criteria:
This review adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement guidelines, and the protocol was registered in the PROSPERO database (ID: 42023395215).

Results:
The prevalence rate of OE reported across the studies ranged from 0.04% to 1.14% with a mean of 0.25 + 0.002%. The MTRs reported across the studies included ranged from 2.6% to 65% with a mean of 30 ± 0.2%.

Limitations and Conclusions:
Based on the findings from the present review, it can be concluded that while the range of MTRs of OE varies widely across different geographical locations, the average rate can be considered 30%. The review also identified a need for conducting more studies on the prevalence rates as well as longitudinal studies assessing the MTR across different regions.
Reconstruction of a Submandibular Soft Tissue Defect with a Temporoparietal Fasciocutaneous Flap - A Case Report
Authors: Shetty Naren , Khaire Samir Dashrath , Thopte Shameeka , Nisa Shams Ul , Unnikrishnan S. , Wadde Kavita 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Rationale:
Reconstruction of soft tissue defects in the facial region have always been challenging. Appropriate selection of flaps will result in minimal morbidity and restore the tissue form without compromising function.

Patient Concerns:
During reconstruction in the facial region, patients desire to have minimal visible scar and functions of the jaw bone.

Diagnosis:
The article discusses a case of right space infection with soft tissue loss in the submandibular region.

Treatment:
The fascial spaces were explored and the odontogenic foci of infection were removed. The soft tissue defect in the submandibular region was resurfaced using the temporoparietal fasciocutaneous flap.

Outcomes:
The flap was well settled, and facial contours were maintained with reasonable facial symmetry.

Take-away Lessons:
Surgical skill in the management of soft tissue defects in the fascial region demands sound knowledge of the facial region, selection of the flap and meticulous execution of the surgical plan.
Comparative evaluation of three types of fiber orientation techniques on fracture resistance of endodontically treated premolars restored with composite resin: An in vitro study
Authors: Mudunuri Sowmya , Varma K. Madhu , Sajjan Girija S. , Satish R. Kalyan , Jetty Sai Dinesh , Indukuri Sailakshmi 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
A new technique of fiber reinforcement (horizontal + base fiber [HBF]) in the restoration of endodontically treated teeth (ETT) with composite resin was proposed.

Aim:
This study aims to compare three different types of fiber orientation techniques on fracture resistance of ETT.

Materials and Methodology:
Sixty intact extracted human maxillary premolars were assigned to five groups (n = 12). Group 1 intact teeth (control). The teeth in Groups 2–5 received endodontic treatment and a MOD cavity preparation and restored with composite resin with polyethylene fiber at different positions. Group 2: No fiber group (NF), Group 3: Occlusal fiber group (OF), Group 4: Horizontal fiber group (HF), and Group 5: HBF group. After thermocycling, the specimens were loaded using a universal testing machine until fracture and the fracture patterns were analyzed.

Statistical Analysis:
The data were analyzed statistically using analysis of variance with Tukey’s post hoc test (fracture load) and Chi-square test (fracture patterns).

Results:
Fiber-reinforced groups (OF, HF, HBF) showed significantly higher fracture resistance compared to NF group (P < 0.05). No significant differences in fracture resistance were observed between (a) fiber-reinforced groups (OF, HF, HBF) and intact teeth (P > 0.05) (b) amongst the fiber-reinforced groups (OF, HF, HBF) (P > 0.05). With regard to fracture patterns, no significant differences were observed between the study groups (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:
Restoring ETT with different techniques of fiber reinforcement resulted in the improvement of the fracture resistance comparable to that of intact teeth. The newly proposed technique of fiber insertion might be considered as an alternative to earlier techniques for the reinforcement of ETT.
Silenced by heart – Ortner’s syndrome (cardio-vocal hoarseness) – An unusual manifestation of a distant dreadful disease: A cross-sectional observational study
Authors: Iragavarapu Tammiraju V M R , Narlajarla Mounika 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Aims and Objectives:
This study aims to explore the pathogenesis of hoarseness of voice resulting from cardiovascular disorders that affect the left recurrent laryngeal nerve (LRLN), supported by a review of the existing literature.

Materials and Methods:
This is a cross-sectional observational study conducted over a 3-year period, spanning from May 2019 to May 2022. The study involved the evaluation of 720 cases of hoarseness of voice through video-laryngoscopy. Within this cohort, we scrutinized eight distinct cases of Ortner’s syndrome, each attributed to various underlying causes. All patients with LRLN paralysis underwent a comprehensive clinical assessment, which encompassed chest X-rays, echocardiography, and chest computed tomography scans.

Results:
Out of the eight Ortner’s syndrome cases, six were associated with dilated pulmonary arteries, stemming from various etiologies such as rheumatic heart disease, mitral valve prolapse, pulmonary embolism, interstitial lung disease, portopulmonary hypertension, and patent ductus arteriosus. One case presented with pericardial effusion and pulmonary hypertension, while another case featured a dilated aorta secondary to severe aortic regurgitation. Among these cases, three patients underwent valve replacement, one underwent pericardiocentesis, and the remaining cases were managed conservatively. Only one case that underwent mitral valve replacement showed partial improvement in voice, while there was no significant improvement in the other cases. All cases remained under follow-up.

Conclusion:
Although cardiovascular-related hoarseness is an unusual presentation, it should be kept in mind for all cases of altered voice with underlying cardiac disease. Indirect laryngoscopy should be routinely performed in all cases of cardiac illness having hoarseness of voice.
Clinical profile and relevance of asymptomatic electrocardiography changes in lowlanders in high-altitude area
Authors: Bhartiya Manish , Jha Aditya , Parikh Badal , Jha Atul A , Singh Dharambir 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Aim:
The aim of this study was to study the significance of electrocardiography (ECG) changes in healthy lowlanders during ascent to high altitude (HA) and analyze the changes along with cardiac risk scores.

Materials and Methods:
An observational study was carried out in a tertiary center of North-East India over 9 months among individuals who were evacuated due to ECG abnormalities on ascent to higher altitudes. All subjects underwent a standardized cardiac evaluation to assess the significance of the changes.

Results:
Forty-six male subjects who were evacuated from HA were included and evaluated for cardiac disease in a phased manner. The subjects (n = 21), whose ECG reverted to normal on descent, had a normal cardiac evaluation. However, in subjects with persistent changes after descent (n = 25), four (16%) had an abnormal treadmill test, one (4%) had an abnormal echocardiography, and one (4%) had significant disease on angiography.

Conclusions:
ECG changes are common in individuals ascending to HA. While some ECG changes may be sinister and mandate investigations, most spontaneously revert to normal on descent and may not indicate clinically significant situations. It is important to note that risk scores are crucial for assessing the risk of heart disease. Analyzing ECG changes along with risk profiles may be useful in the interpretation of the ECG.
Accuracy of different dental age assessment methods to determine chronological age among children with special needs
Authors: Ismail Ahmad Faisal , Adnan Nur Haffiszah , Suhaidi Nur Nadiatul Sofia , Mokhtar Ilham Wan , Yusof Mohd Yusmiaidil Putera Mohd , Mallineni Sreekanth Kumar 
Published: April 2024

Aim:This study aimed to validate the accuracy of dental age (DA) based on the dental development of permanent teeth in children with special needs using Demirjian, Willems, and London Atlas methods and to correlate the dental and chronological age (CA) of children with special needs in Malaysia.Materials and Methods:The panoramic radiographic images belonging to children with special needs from the two teaching dental hospitals in Malaysia aged between 5 and 16 years were included in the study. The evaluation was performed by two observers using three methods (London Atlas, Demirjian, and Willems methods) to estimate the accurate DA. The outcome was determined by comparing the mean of the DA and CA.Results:A total of 52 panoramic radiographs were available for the analysis. The London Atlas and Demirjian methods overestimated the DA with a mean of 0.05 and 0.20 years, respectively, while the Willems method underestimated by 0.19 years. The London Atlas method was highly precise and accurate, while Demirjian and Willems methods were the least precise and accurate.Conclusion:The London Atlas method of DA estimation is highly accurate and valid for children with special needs in the Malaysian population, followed by the Willems and Demirjian methods.
The adverse effects of mining pollutants on oral mucosa in Bellary district: A clinical and genotoxicity study
Authors: Bellary Indushekar R. , Prabhu Vishnu D. , Jose Maji , Abdulla Riaz , Shetty Urvashi A. 
Published: April 2024

Background:
The Bellary district in Karnataka, rich in mineral resources, is a major mining industry, but prolonged exposure to mining can lead to health hazards. The study aims to assess the genotoxic impact of mining pollutants on mine workers using the micro-nucleus (MN) assay.

Setting and Design:
Cross-sectional study.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 250 individuals (198 males and 52 females) working in mining areas were examined, and their oral findings were recorded in a proforma. For the micro-nucleus assay, buccal smears from 30 individuals working in mining areas with habits, 30 individuals working in mining areas without habits, and 30 individuals residing in non-mining areas (control group) were selected. Smears were stained with Giemsa stain to identity and quantify the MNs.

Results:
The frequency of oral mucosal problems among 250 persons working in mining regions was 170 (68.0%) with no oral mucosal conditions, 79 (32.6%) with oral mucosal conditions, 25 (10%) with leukoplakia, 1 (0.4%) with lichen planus, and 8 (3.2%) with ulcerations. Acute necrotising gingivitis was reported in one person (0.4%), candidiasis in two (0.8%), abscess in two (0.8%), OSMF in 39 (15.6%), and oral cancer in two (0.8%). The mean MN count was 2.40 + 1.57 in mine employees with habits, 2.18 + 1.25 in mine workers without habits, and 1.40 + 0.55 in normal healthy controls.

Conclusion:
Reduced occupational health risks brought on by exposure to mining contaminants require protective measures. After being exposed to mining pollutants, exfoliated buccal mucosal cells can be examined for genotoxicity.
The usefulness of ferritin as a biomarker in evaluating the severity of disease in wave one and wave two of COVID-19 patients – A comparative retrospective study
Authors: Dhulipala Suhas , Annavarapu Umalakshmi , Sirsikar Mangala N , Alapaty Shailaja , Reddy Gummadi Anish , Deepthi M 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Serum ferritin was found to be a positive acute phase protein and it was linked to a hyperinflammatory process, cytokine storm, and multiple organ damage in coronavirus disease (COVID-19).

Objective:
The objective of this study was to establish whether ferritin could be utilized as a biomarker to evaluate disease severity in COVID-19 waves one and two in hospitalized patients.

Materials and Methods:
It was an observational, retrospective study. A total of 2093 patients’ data with confirmed reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction positive for COVID-19 disease were reviewed. Serum ferritin values on the day of hospital admission were compared in both waves among different grades of clinical severity correlated in terms of survival and death.

Results:
Survivors in wave one were 92.5% and 85.4% in wave two. In waves one and two, the nonsurvivor rate was 7.5% and 14.6%, respectively, with statistically significant P values of 0.001. Analysis of the receiver operating curve (ROC) showed the ideal ferritin cutoff point for death is 687.6 ng/mL (sensitivity: 70%; specificity: 57.3%), with an Area under curve (AUC) of 0.67, suggesting that ferritin was a better marker of mortality and severity in the first wave. In the second wave, the cutoff for severity is 583.9 ng/mL (sensitivity of 85.1%, specificity of 54.8%). AUC 0.74 suggested a marker of severity in the second wave.

Conclusion:
Elevated serum ferritin levels in the first wave indicated severity and mortality with exaggerated cytokine storm and early organ damage and severity in the second wave, indicating reduced inflammation and better treatment plan.
Pengaruh Fasilitas Charger di Ruang Tunggu terhadap Kepuasan Penumpang Bandar Udara Internasional Adi Soemarmo
Authors: Lestari Asriyani Wahyu , Suprapti Suprapti 
Published: April 2024

Bandar Udara internasional Adi Soemarmo Boyolali merupakan bandar udara yang melayani penerbangan yang berlokasi Ngemplak di Kabupaten Boyolali Jawa Tengah. Bandar Udara Adi Soemarmo merupakan bandar udara yang dikelola PT Angkasa Pura I. Untuk tingkat kepuasan penumpang dapat dinilai dari fasilitas charger yang baik, aman, dan nyaman. Fasilitas charger mampu memberikan kepuasan kepada penumpang dengan meningkatkan fasilitas charger yang belum sesuai. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui apakah fasilitas charger berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan penumpang, dan seberapa besar fasilitas charger berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan penumpang di Bandar Udara Internasional Adi Semarmo Boyolali. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Bandar Udara Internasional Adi Soemarmo Boyolali yang dimana penumpang pada Bandar Udara Adi Soemarmo Boyolali menjadi objek dalam penelitian ini. Untuk sumber data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini diperoleh dari hasil penyebaran kuesioner terhadap responden penumpang Bandar Udara Internasional Adi Soemarmo Boyolali. Jumlah sampel pada penelitian ini yaitu sebanyak 100 responden yang ditentukan dengan rumus slovin. Teknik analisis data menggunakan Analisis Regresi Linear Sederhana, Uji T, dan Uji koefisien Determinasi (R2). Hasil penelitian disimpulkan untuk menjawab rumusan masalah, bahwa: 1. variabel Fasilitas Charger (X) berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan penumpang (Y) dibuktikan dengan nilai T hitung pada variabel Fasilitas Charger (X) jadi, > t tabel yaitu 11,156 > 1,660 dengan nilai signifikan < 0,1 yaitu 0,007; 2. Fasilitas Charger (X) berpengaruh terhadap Kepuasan Penumpang (Y) sebesar 0,748 diketahui dari nilai R Square yang artinya variabel X mempengaruhi Variabel Y sebesar 55,9%.
PLUG FREI MARTINHO: MAGMATISMO CENOZOICO ALCALINO NO NORTE DO ESTADO DA PARAÍBA
Authors: ARAÚJO BARROS Louana Kelly , CARVALHO LISBOA Vinicius Anselmo , ARAÚJO AZEVEDO Ádila Renally , ALVES SANTOS Jailson Júnior , CONCEIÇÃO Herbet , SILVA ROSA Maria de Lourdes da 
Published: April 2024

Resumo: A ocorrência de vulcanismo de pequena escala é comum em vários locais do mundo, sendo estes corpos inseridos nos mais diversos contextos tectônicos. Na porção central dos estados do Rio Grande do Norte e Paraíba, ocorre uma série de plugs e necks de idade cenozoica e com composição predominantemente álcali-basáltica. O Plug Frei Martinho (PFM), é composto por basanitos isotrópicos de cor preta, de textura afanítica a microporfirítica e apresenta uma orientação relacionada ao alinhamento Macau-Queimadas. A olivina e o espinélio ocorrem como fenocristais, já a matriz é composta por nefelina, diopsídio, minerais opacos, plagioclásio, olivina, feldspato alcalino, apatita e vidro. A olivina mostra variação composicional entre Fo79,8 a Fo90,9, onde os termos mais magnesianos representam xenocristais. O diopsídio (Wo40,5-55,6En38-45,2Fs8,9-17,2) é a composição predominante entre os cristais de clinopiroxênio. O plagioclásio é sódico com molécula de An5,7-21,7. O feldspato alcalino possui composição Or32,7-45,5Ab51,2-63,7An2,1-7,3. As composições da nefelina variam no intervalo Ne60,48-83,11Ks9,33-19,03Q0,33-26,35. As estimativas de temperaturas obtidas a partir das composições dos feldspatos e feldspatoides indicam temperaturas entre 1068°C e 500°C para as rochas que compõem o PFM.
Palavras-chave: Basanitos. Província Borborema. Química Mineral.

Abstract: The occurrence of small-scale volcanisms is common in many places around the world, being included in the most diverse tectonic contexts. In the central portion of the states of Rio Grande do Norte and Paraíba, there is a series of plugs and necks of Cenozoic age and predominantly alkali-basaltic composition. The Frei Martinho Plug (FMP) is composed of black and isotropic basanites, with an aphanitic and microporphyritic texture and presents an orientation related to the Macau-Queimadas alignment. Olivine and spinel occur as phenocrysts, while the matrix is composed of nepheline, diopside, opaque minerals, plagioclase, olivine, alkali feldspar, apatite and glass. Olivine shows compositional variation between Fo79,8 to Fo90,9, where the more magnesian terms represent xenocrystals. Diopside (Wo40,5-55,6En38-45,2Fs8,9-17,2) is the predominant composition among clinopyroxene crystals. Plagioclase is sodium with An5,7-21,7 molecule. Alkali feldspar has composition Or32,7-45,5Ab51,2-63,7An2,1-7,3. Nepheline compositions vary in the range Ne60,48-83,11Ks9,33-19,03Q0,33-26,35. Temperature estimates obtained from the compositions of feldspars and feldspathoids indicate temperatures between 1068°C and 500°C for the rocks that make up the FMP.
Keywords: Basanite. Borborema Province. Mineral Chemistry.
NGHIÊN CỨU ĐẶC ĐIỂM HÌNH ẢNH SIÊU ÂM NỘI SOI VÀ MÔ BỆNH HỌC CỦA U DƯỚI NIÊM MẠC DẠ DÀY
Authors: Hoàng Cẩm Tú , Đào Văn Long 
Published: April 2024

Mục tiêu: Mô tả đặc điểm và đối chiếu hình ảnh siêu âm nội soi (SANS) và kết quả mô bệnh học(MBH), hóa mô miễn dịch (HMMD) của u dưới niêm mạc dạ dày. Phương pháp: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang tiến cứu trên 52 bệnh nhân có u dưới niêm mạc dạ dày đã được xác định qua nội soi dạ dày tá tràng, được làm siêu âm nội soi tại Phòng khám đa khoa Hoàng Long từ 8/2022 đến 7/2023. Kết quả: Tuổi trung bình là 57,1 ± 9,04 và nữ giới chiếm 76,9%; 96,15% các trường hợp u tế bào hình thoi trên SANS là các khối giảm âm đồng nhất xuất phát từ lớp dưới niêm mạc dạ dày; kết quả HMMD thấy 44,2% là u GIST, 50% là u cơ trơn, và 3,8% chưa phù hợp với SANS và MBH. Kết luận: MBH kết hợp với HMMD làm tăng tỷ lệ chẩn đoán chính xác của SANS.
Identifications of Barriers in Implementation of Digital Technology in Secondary schools of Punjab
Authors: Ghani Sajida , Malik Farah , Ullah Shamim 
Published: April 2024

The objective of this study was to discuss the benefits of digitization in Pakistani schools. After identifying barriers related with infrastructure, teacher and students, the aim of this study was to encourage students for the tackling of these barriers. As these barriers are main hindrances to get quality education. Quantitative approach was used in the study. Survey method was applied. The accessible population of the study was school teachers from various Public sector schools of Punjab, Pakistan. Convenience sampling technique was used to obtain sample of the study. The sample of the study was 300 school teachers. A questionnaire was developed for the collection of data. The validity of the questionnaire was obtained through expert opinion while reliability was obtained through cronbach alpha. The alpha value was .75. Descriptive statistical techniques were used for data analysis. The findings of the study were that key barriers in implementation of digital technology include inadequate infrastructure, limited access to technology, insufficient teacher training, resistance to change, concerns about privacy and security, and disparities in digital literacy among students. Furthermore, the research delves into the socio-economic, cultural, and policy-related factors that contribute to the complexity of these barriers. It also investigates potential strategies and solutions to overcome these obstacles, emphasizing the importance of collaborative efforts between stakeholders, policy-makers, educators, and technology developers. The findings of this study contribute to the ongoing discourse on technology in education and provide valuable insights for creating more inclusive, effective, and sustainable digital learning environments.
APROVEITAMENTO DE MELAÇO DE CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR E DA TORTA DE FILTRO PARA PRODUÇÃO DE BIOGÁS, EM REATORES ANAERÓBIOS DE FLUXO ASCENDENTE COM MANTA DE LODO, EM SÉRIE
Authors: Silva Nunes Jorge Otavio , Barros Valciney Gomes de , Duda Rose Maria , Oliveira Roberto Alves de 
Published: April 2024

A digestão anaeróbia é uma das opções para a produção de biogás a partir dos subprodutos gerados na produção de açúcar, como o melaço e torta de filtro. Neste trabalho avaliou-se a produção de metano do melaço de cana-de-açúcar suplementado com torta de filtro, em reatores anaeróbios de fluxo ascendente com manta de lodo (UASB), em série R1 e R2, com volumes de 12,1 e 5,6 L, respectivamente. Os valores da carga orgânica volumétrica (COV) aplicadas no R1 variaram de 14,88 à 32,08 g DQOtotal (L d)-1 e para o R2 variaram de 10,68 à 28,45 g DQOtotal (L d)-1. A produção volumétrica média de metano observada foi de 0,22 e 0,02 L CH4 (L d)-1 no R1 e R2, respectivamente.
FORMAÇÃO DE CERNE EM CLONES DE Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla
Authors: Mariano Alves Gabriela , De Paula Nádia Figueiredo 
Published: April 2024

A qualidade dos produtos derivados da madeira está estreitamente relacionada à qualidade da madeira que é usada para a sua produção. Essas características, ao serem avaliadas, são parâmetros indicativos que auxiliam na utilização correta da madeira para determinada finalidade. Normalmente há grandes variações na madeira entre e dentro de espécies, ao longo do tronco, madeira de início e fim de estação de crescimento e entre o cerne e o alburno. Tais variações podem ocorrer em função da idade, fatores genéticos e ou ambientais. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o processo de formação de cerne em cinco clones de Eucalipto, ao longo do tempo. Foram avaliadas a relação cerne/alburno e a proporção de cerne na madeira de cinco genótipos de Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla aos 27, 48, 60, 72 e 84 meses de idade. Aos 27 meses foi observada uma porcentagem média de 21% de cerne e relação cerne/alburno média de 0,28 o que indica que a cernificação inicia-se cedo nesses clones. Entre 27 e 48 meses houve uma intensa formação de cerne. Ao final do ciclo de crescimento (84 meses), o clone 1 apresentou a maior área de cerne e o clone 4 a menor. Essas informações podem auxiliar na definição da idade de corte e na forma de utilização da madeira de cada clone.