bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN MAKANAN TAMBAHAN BISKUIT DAN BAHAN MAKANAN CAMPURAN KELOR TERHADAP BERAT BADAN DAN TINGGI BADAN PADA BALITA GIZI KURANG DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS KALUMPANG KOTA TERNATE TAHUN 2015
Authors: Juhartini Juhartini 
Published: April 2024

Latar belakang : Gizi kurang sering dialami oleh balita,salah satu penyebab masalah gizi pada anak adalah akibat defisiensi energi, dalam hal ini karena asupan (intake) kalori yang kurang, akibatnya cadangan glukosa dalam otot dan hati berupa glikogen dipecah. Gizi kurang ditunjukkan dengan berat badan (BB) dan tinggi badan (TB) yang mempunyai hubungan linier yang dinyatakan dengan nilai z-score BB menurut TB (BB/TB) -3SD sampai dengan <-2SD. Tujuan :Menganalisis pengaruh pemberian makanan tambahan biskuit dan bahan makanan campuran kelor terhadap BB dan TB pada balita gizi kurang usia 12-59 bulan di Wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kalumpang Kota Ternate.Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan desain Randomized Control Triall Desain, pada kelompok balita dengan pemberian PMT biskuit sebagai kelompok kontrol dan pemberian PMT bahan makanan campuran (BMC) kelor sebagai kelompok perlakuan. Sampel sebesar 22 balita dan dianalisis dengan peason correlation. Hasil :Tidak ada pengaruh asupan energi dan protein terhadap BB dan TB setelah pemberian PMT biskuit. Asupan energi pada kelompok yang mendapatkan PMT biskuit tidak mempengaruhi BB (p=0,139) dan TB (p=0,368). Asupan protein pada kelompok yang mendapatkan PMT biskuit juga tidak mempengaruhi BB (p=0,126) dan TB (p=0,286), sedangkan pada kelompok yang mendapatkan PMT BMC kelor ada pengaruh asupan energi dan protein terhadap BB dan TB setelah pemberian PMT BMC kelor. Asupan energi pada kelompok yang mendapatkan PMT BMC kelor mempengaruhi BB (p=0,003) dan TB (p=0,007). Asupan protein pada kelompok yang mendapatkan PMT BMC kelor juga mempengaruhi BB (p=0,028) dan TB (p=0,049). Kesimpulan : Pemberian PMT biskuit selama 30 hari tidak memberi pengaruh terhadap BB dan TB pada balita status gizi kurang sedangkan pemberian PMT BMC kelor memberikan pengaruh terhadap BB dan TB pada balita status gizi kurang.
Carr, A History Of Germany - 1815-1990
Authors: Igo William 
Published: April 2024

Now in its fourth edition, William Carr's A History of Germany: 1815-1990 still ranks as one of the best single volume works available, succinctly delineating the political and diplomatic history of post-Napoleonic Germany. The first edition (1969) covered German history from 1815 until the end of World War II and received much acclaim and some criticism, though most of the criticisms were based upon differences in historical interpretation, not factual presentation. The second edition clarified Carr's historical interpretations and expanded the information on the Wilhelmine and Weimar eras. The third edition included a new chapter "The Two Germanies" covering 1945 to 1984. Carr's fourth edition "cleans up" the third edition's added chapter and includes a new chapter on Germany's reunification in 1990
PENERAPAN VIRTUAL REALITY COSMIC SPACE UNTUK MELATIH KEMAMPUAN RELAKSASI DAN FOKUS PADA PENGGUNA GANGGUAN ANXIETY DISORDER
Authors: Nazaruddin Muhammad Arief , Putri Debri Haryndia 
Published: April 2024

AbstrakAnxiety Disorder adalah kecemasan yang ditandai dengan serangan panik berulang, yaitu serangan ketakutan yang terus menerus dan terjadi reaksi fisik yang parah secara tiba-tiba tanpa bahaya yang nyata atau alasan yang jelas. Gangguan kecemasan sering didiagnosis pada generasi muda hingga dewasa. Virtual reality (VR) adalah teknologi baru yang menjanjikan dan menawarkan peluang untuk memodulasi pengalaman dan kognisi pengguna untuk meminimalisir tingkat kecemasan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode mixed methods. Metode kualitatif digunakan dalam proses perancangan serta penjelasan deskriptif terkait memahami fenomena tentang apa yang dialami oleh subjek penelitian sebelum dan sesudah uji eksperimen. Metode kuantitatif digunakan untuk mengukur kelayakan aplikasi melalui Uji UAT (User Acceptance Testing). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat aplikasi game VR dengan visual pola gelombang cosmic yang dapat meningkatkan relaksasi dan melatih konsentrasi pengguna dengan memanfaatkan VR Gear. Hasil pengujian, peringkat pengguna, dan penilaian pakar media nantinya akan digunakan untuk mengukur efektivitas dari luaran penelitian ini. Hasil akhir pada penelitian ini akan digunakan sebagai media terapi pendukung untuk membantu meningkatkan relaksasi user dengan gangguan anxiety guna meningkatkan konsentrasi pengguna saat memasuki dunia immersive. Kata Kunci: anxiety disorder, Cosmic Space, game, media terapi, virtual reality AbstractAnxiety Disorder is anxiety characterized by recurrent panic attacks, namely continuous attacks of fear and sudden, severe physical reactions without any real danger or clear reason. Anxiety disorders are often diagnosed in the younger generation and adults. Virtual reality (VR) is a promising new technology that offers opportunities to modulate user experience and cognition to minimize anxiety levels. This research uses mixed methods. Qualitative methods are used in the design as well as descriptive explanations related to understanding the phenomena experienced by research subjects before and after experimental tests. Quantitative methods are used to measure application feasibility through UAT Testing (User Acceptance Testing). This research aims to create a VR game application with visual cosmic wave patterns that can increase relaxation and train user concentration by utilizing VR Gear. Test results, user ratings and media expert assessments will later be used to measure the effectiveness of this research output. The final results of this research will be used as a supporting therapy medium to help increase relaxation for users with anxiety disorders in order to increase user concentration when entering the immersive world Keywords: anxiety disorder, Cosmic Space, game, therapy media, virtual reality
A socio-phonetic study of English loanword adaptation in Colloquial Egyptian Arabic
Authors: Abdel Monem Omnia , Refaat Khaled 
Published: April 2024

The current study investigates the effect of gender, age, and English educational background on English loanword adaptation in colloquial Egyptian Arabic (CEA). The phonetic and phonological effects of these social variables are studied with respect to segments, syllables, and voicing exemplified in voice onset time (VOT). The speech sample consists of 120 well-established and online English loanwords collected from 60 native speakers of CEA from Alexandria. The results show that the source sounds are mapped to the closest phonemes. The adaptation of the syllables shows constructions that are not attested in CEA, specifically the complex onsets. Among the participant’s level of English education, age, and gender, only the impact of the English educational background is statistically significant. The results revealed no significant differences in the adaptation of the different age or gender groups. However, observation shows that the adult speakers showed the highest rate of faithful adaptation. Regarding gender, females tend to be more concerned with prestige and thus used more faithful adaptation.
Patient-centered perspectives on perioperative care
Authors: Saasouh Wael , Ghanem Kristina , Al-Saidi Neil , LeQuia Lindsey , McKelvey George , Jaffar Muhammad 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionThe collection and evaluation of patient-reported outcomes is essential to the development of patient and family centered care. Current patient surveying techniques are limited by delayed response times and restriction to specific health systems. The use of random-domain intercept technology (RDIT), by Real-Time Interactive World-Wide Intelligence (RIWI, Toronto, ON, Canada) mitigates current barriers by creating a dynamic real-time feedback environment and providing a mass sampling technique.MethodsRDIT was employed to survey a wide sample of respondents across the United States (US). Respondents who self-identified as having had a surgical procedure or cared for someone having a surgical procedure were included in the analysis.Results1,004 participants completed the survey and answered questions regarding demographics, perioperative details, sentiments on postoperative recovery, postoperative clinical endpoints, sentiments on healthcare professionals, and opinions on future surgical care.DiscussionThe results of this cross-sectional study identified areas with potential for improvement in the patient perioperative experience that could improve the patient experience. This novel use of RDIT provided a valuable tool for real-time feedback and mass sampling allowing the creation of a dynamic healthcare environment that fosters timely and targeted improvements to patient experiences and outcomes.
Beat-to-beat alterations of acoustic intensity and frequency at the maximum power of heart sounds are associated with NT-proBNP levels
Authors: Fujiyoshi Kazuhiro , Yamaoka-Tojo Minako , Fujiyoshi Kanako , Komatsu Takumi , Oikawa Jun , Kashino Kunio , Tomoike Hitonobu , Ako Junya 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundAuscultatory features of heart sounds (HS) in patients with heart failure (HF) have been studied intensively. Recent developments in digital and electrical devices for auscultation provided easy listening chances to recognize peculiar sounds related to diastolic HS such as S3 or S4. This study aimed to quantitatively assess HS by acoustic measures of intensity (dB) and audio frequency (Hz).MethodsForty consecutive patients aged between 46 and 87 years (mean age, 74 years) with chronic cardiovascular disease (CVD) were enrolled in the present study after providing written informed consent during their visits to the Kitasato University Outpatient Clinic. HS were recorded at the fourth intercostal space along the left sternal border using a highly sensitive digital device. Two consecutive heartbeats were quantified on sound intensity (dB) and audio frequency (Hz) at the peak power of each spectrogram of S1–S4 using audio editing and recording application software. The participants were classified into three groups, namely, the absence of HF (n = 27), HF (n = 8), and high-risk HF (n = 5), based on the levels of NT-proBNP &lt; 300, ≥300, and ≥900 pg/ml, respectively, and also the levels of ejection fraction (EF), such as preserved EF (n = 22), mildly reduced EF (n = 12), and reduced EF (n = 6).ResultsThe intensities of four components of HS (S1–S4) decreased linearly (p &lt; 0.02–0.001) with levels of body mass index (BMI) (range, 16.2–33.0 kg/m2). Differences in S1 intensity (ΔS1) and its frequency (ΔfS1) between two consecutive beats were non-audible level and were larger in patients with HF than those in patients without HF (ΔS1, r = 0.356, p = 0.024; ΔfS1, r = 0.356, p = 0.024). The cutoff values of ΔS1 and ΔfS1 for discriminating the presence of high-risk HF were 4.0 dB and 5.0 Hz, respectively.ConclusionsDespite significant attenuations of all four components of HS by BMI, beat-to-beat alterations of both intensity and frequency of S1 were associated with the severity of HF. Acoustic quantification of HS enabled analyses of sounds below the audible level, suggesting that sound analysis might provide an early sign of HF.
Analysis of urinary potassium isotopes and association with pancreatic health: healthy, diabetic and cancerous states
Authors: Schilling Kathrin , Chen Heng , Glabonjat Ronald A. , Debernardi Silvana , Blyuss Oleg , Navas-Acien Ana , Halliday Alex N. , Crnogorac-Jurcevic Tatjana 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundMore than 700 million people worldwide suffer from diseases of the pancreas, such as diabetes, pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer. Often dysregulation of potassium (K+) channels, co-transporters and pumps can promote development and progression of many types of these diseases. The role of K+ transport system in pancreatic cell homeostasis and disease development remains largely unexplored. Potassium isotope analysis (δ41K), however, might have the potential to detect minute changes in metabolic processes relevant for pancreatic diseases.MethodsWe assessed urinary K isotope composition in a case-control study by measuring K concentrations and δ41K in spot urines collected from patients diagnosed with pancreatic cancer (n=18), other pancreas-related diseases (n=14) and compared those data to healthy controls (n=16). ResultsOur results show that urinary K+ levels for patients with diseased pancreas (benign and pancreatic cancer) are significantly lower than the healthy controls. For δ41K, the values tend to be higher for individuals with pancreatic cancer (mean δ41K = -0.58 ± 0.33‰) than for healthy individuals (mean δ41K = -0.78 ± 0.19‰) but the difference is not significant (p=0.08). For diabetics, urinary K+ levels are significantly lower (p=0.03) and δ41K is significantly higher (p=0.009) than for the healthy controls. These results suggest that urinary K+ levels and K isotopes can help identify K disturbances related to diabetes, an associated factors of all-cause mortality for diabetics.ConclusionAlthough the K isotope results should be considered exploratory and hypothesis-generating and future studies should focus on larger sample size and δ41K analysis of other K-disrupting diseases (e.g., chronic kidney disease), our data hold great promise for K isotopes as disease marker.
Melatonin’s effect on hair follicles in a goat (Capra hircus) animal model
Authors: Rong Youjun , Ma Rong , Zhang Yanjun , Guo Zhenhua 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionMelatonin can treat androgenetic alopecia in males. Goats can be used as animal models to study melatonin treatment for human alopecia. In this study, a meta-analysis of melatonin’s effects on goat hair follicles was pursued.MethodsLiterature from the last 20 years was searched in Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science and PubMed. Melatonin’s effect on goat hair follicles and litter size were performed through a traditional meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis. A network meta-analysis used data from oocyte development to blastocyst. The hair follicle genes regulated by melatonin performed KEGG and PPI. We hypothesized that there are differences in melatonin receptors between different goats, and therefore completed melatonin receptor 1A homology modelling and molecular docking.ResultsThe results showed that melatonin did not affect goat primary follicle or litter size. However, there was a positive correlation with secondary follicle growth. The goat melatonin receptor 1A SNPs influence melatonin’s functioning. The wild type gene defect MR1 is a very valuable animal model.DiscussionFuture studies should focus on the relationship between goat SNPs and the effect of embedded melatonin. This study will provide theoretical guidance for the cashmere industry and will be informative for human alopecia research.
Main influencing factors of terrestrial evapotranspiration for different land cover types over the Tibetan Plateau in 1982–2014
Authors: Li Xia , Pan Yongjie , Zhao Cailing 
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Terrestrial evapotranspiration (ET) over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) has important implications for the global water cycle, climate change, and ecosystem, and its changes and driving factors have drawn increasing attention. Previous research studies have minimally quantified the effects and identified the pathways of the influencing factors on ET over different land surface types.Methods: In this study, we analyze the spatiotemporal distribution and variation of ET over the TP in 1982–2014 based on multiple datasets. Furthermore, the effects of each influencing factor on ET are quantified over different land surface types, and the major influencing factors and their affecting pathways are identified using structure equation modeling (SEM), which is a statistical method used to analyze relationships among multiple variables.Results: The results show that the climatology of ET decreases gradually from southeastern to northwestern TP, with the maximum spatial averaged value of 379.979 ± 0.417 mm a−1 for the fifth generation of European Reanalysis (ERA5) and the minimum of 249.899 ± 0.469 mm a−1 for the Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS). The most significant differences among the ET datasets mainly occur in the summer. The annual ET averaged over the TP presents an increased trend from 1982 to 2014, as shown by all of the ET datasets. However, there are larger discrepancies in the spatial distribution of the increased trend for these datasets. The assessment result shows that the 0.05° land evapotranspiration dataset for the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau (LEDQTP) has the highest temporal correlation coefficient (0.80) and the smallest root-mean-square error (23.50 mm) compared to the observations. Based on LEDQTP, we find that precipitation is the main influencing factor of ET, which primarily affects ET through direct pathways in bare soil and grassland regions, with standardized estimates of 0.521 and 0.606, respectively. However, in meadow and shrub and forest regions, the primary factor influencing ET is air temperature, which is primarily affected by an indirect pathway through a vapor pressure deficit. Air temperature is also the controlling factor in sparse vegetation regions, but it affects ET through a direct pathway.Discussion: This study may provide some new useful information on the effects of climate change on ET in different land cover types over the TP.
A novel flow cytometry panel to identify prognostic markers for steroid-sensitive forms of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in childhood
Authors: Riganati Martina , Zotta Federica , Candino Annalisa , Conversano Ester , Gargiulo Antonio , Scarsella Marco , Lo Russo Anna , Bettini Chiara , Emma Francesco , Vivarelli Marina , Colucci Manuela 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionThe clinical evolution of steroid-sensitive forms of pediatric idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) is highly heterogeneous following the standard treatment with prednisone. To date, no prognostic marker has been identified to predict the severity of the disease course starting from the first episode.MethodsIn this monocentric prospective cohort study we set up a reproducible and standardized flow cytometry panel using two sample tubes (one for B-cell and one for T-cell subsets) to extensively characterized the lymphocyte repertoire of INS pediatric patients. A total of 44 children with INS at disease onset were enrolled, sampled before and 3 months after standard induction therapy with prednisone and followed for 12 months to correctly classify their disease based on relapses. Age-matched controls with non immune-mediated renal diseases or with urological disorders were also enrolled. Demographical, clinical, laboratory and immunosuppressive treatment data were registered.ResultsWe found that children with INS at disease onset had significantly higher circulating levels of total CD19+ and specific B-cell subsets (transitional, mature-naïve, plasmablasts/plasmacells, CD19+CD27+, unswitched, switched and atypical memory B cells) and reduced circulating levels of Tregs, when compared to age-matched controls. Prednisone therapy restored most B- and T-cell alterations. When patients were subdivided based on disease relapse, relapsing patients had significantly more transitional, CD19+CD27+ memory and in particular unswitched memory B cells at disease onset, which were predictive of a higher risk of relapse in steroid-sensitive patients by logistic regression analysis, irrespective of age. In accordance, B-cell dysregulations resulted mainly associated with steroid-dependence when patients were stratified in different disease severity forms. Of note, Treg levels were reduced independently from the disease subgroup and were not completely normalized by prednisone treatment.ConclusionWe have set up a novel, reproducible, disease-specific flow cytometry panel that allows a comprehensive characterization of circulating lymphocytes. We found that, at disease onset, relapsing patients had significantly more transitional, CD19+CD27+ memory and unswitched memory B cells and those who are at higher risk of relapse had increased circulating levels of unswitched memory B cells, independently of age. This approach can allow prediction of clinical evolution, monitoring of immunosuppression and tailored treatment in different forms of INS.
The influence of gear load distribution based on coupled systems on gearbox meshing noise
Authors: Zhang Lundun , Wan Teng , Zhang Chunyou 
Published: April 2024

Introduction: With the rapid development of the gearbox manufacturing industry, the internal gear response has received attention, and the control of meshing noise during gear operation has been studied. Conventional noise reduction methods are usually based on gear order, and with the improvement of gearbox manufacturing technology, this method gradually becomes difficult to cope with a wide range of data.Methods: To expand the search domain of noise control systems, this study combines gear response and gear order, and adds the condition of gear uniform load. For common noise reduction problems in composite systems, this study improves the time-varying stiffness excitation mechanism and generates a coupled system.Results: Finally, this study conducts experiments on the Gmnoi dataset and compares it with three systems including quantum genetics to verify the superiority of the proposed system. The suppression effects of the four systems on gear meshing noise were 98.4%, 95.8%, 93.5%, and 92.7%, respectively. Their highest performance for different gear groups was 623, 514, 406, and 423, respectively.Discussion: The experimental results showed that the proposed coupling system has strong robustness and high accuracy in controlling gearbox meshing noise, and is of great significance in reducing noise pollution and improving the working environment of the gearbox.