bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ergonomic criteria related to perceived comfort when using by-pass-type cutting tools
Authors: Torralba Vanessa , Maradei Fernanda , Castellanos Javier 
Published: February 2025

Background The recurrent incompatibility between manual tools and human users is a drawback normally associated with the physical capacity of the worker. Hence, the conception and design of comfortable tools should consider the user experience. Objective This work looks forward to identifying key descriptors influencing the comfort experience, through the usage assessment of a by-pass-type manual cutting tool (pruning scissors). Methods This was a cross-sectional research which was carried out in three stages: (i) Identification of the relevant descriptors using a documented review, (ii) Identification of the relevant descriptors through the user experience, which is documented using semi-structured interviews (n = 20), and (iii) Evaluation and grading of the identified descriptors through interviews and the semantic-differential-methodology application (n = 50). Results Data were evaluated using descriptive-statistics tools, which allowed us to identify comfort descriptors not included in the literature. Similarly, data were treated using the principal component analysis technique (PCA). Conclusions It was found that comfort and discomfort behave like two opposites on a continuum scale and that perception changes according to the tool and the specific task in which the user is immersed. On the other hand, it was figured out that tool appearance or aesthetics are not related to comfort.
Assessment of sleepiness role in working memory and whole-body reaction time
Authors: Khandan Mohammad , Ebrahimi Ali , Zakerian Seyed Abolfazl , Zamanlu Masumeh , Koohpaei Alireza 
Published: February 2025

Background: Sleep provides physical and mental strength, and natural sleep is essential for cell growth, strengthening, stabilizing, and accelerating the improvement of memory function. Objective: The current investigation aimed to explore working memory influenced by sleepiness and related to whole-body reaction time, in order to identify some facets of the dynamics of this memory. To the best of our knowledge, this triple has not yet been explored in the literature. Methods: This study cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical was performed on a sample total of 45 volunteer undergraduate academic students were recruited by convenience sampling, including 35 females and 10 males with a mean age of 21.08 ± 1.10 years of old. Data were collected via a demographic checklist, Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) questionnaire, Digital Maze test (for working memory), and visual/auditory whole-body reaction time measurement. Results: The working memory of each subject was divided into three types:1) thoughtful and precise, 2) Cautious and Conservative, and 3) messy and inaccurate. The triple of working memory, reaction time, and sleep versus sleepiness were all significantly related (P = 0.017–0.05). Conclusion: The authors concluded that there might be some established infrastructure for adult working memory, while there might be a floating operator of working memory as well; influenced by various parameters, this study was influenced by sleep adequacy and physical readiness.
Linking empowering leadership and work environment with employee performance: The mediating role of job stress
Authors: Udin Udin , Fitriani Khoirunnisa , Dananjoyo Radyan 
Published: February 2025

Background Understanding the influence of empowering leadership and a supportive work environment on job stress and employee performance can help organizations adopt effective management strategies. This, in turn, can lead to higher productivity, better quality of work, and increased organizational success. Objective This study aims to investigate relationship between empowering leadership, work environment, and employee performance by emphasizing the mediating role of job stress. Methods The sample population comprised 100 employees working in the culinary industry in Central Java, Indonesia, who were selected using the purposive sampling method. The data obtained were analyzed using SmartPLS 3.2.9 version to understand relationship between these variables. Results The results showed that empowering leadership had no direct impact on employee performance and job stress. However, work environment was positively associated with employee performance and negatively related to job stress. The results also showed that job stress had a negative effect, and it partially mediated relationship between work environment and employee performance. Conclusion This study significantly advanced the understanding of organizational behavior by emphasizing the essential role of work environment in shaping employee performance. In addition, the results showed that a positive work environment was strongly associated with higher employee performance and reduced job stress.
Comparison of musculoskeletal pain in neck, trunk, and upper limbs among Korean and Chinese smartphone users by posture: A cross-sectional survey
Authors: Wang Yixin , Kim Ye-Jin , Moon Kyeong-Ah , Park Joo-Hee , Jeon Hye-Seon 
Published: February 2025

Background Posture during smartphone use is an important factor that affects musculoskeletal pain. Objective To investigate the prevalence and characteristics of musculoskeletal pain in the neck, trunk, and upper extremities during smartphone use. Methods A total of 326 Chinese and Korean smartphone users participated in an online survey on smartphone posture, addiction, and musculoskeletal pain. Results The neck, shoulder, and lower back were most frequently affected, whereas the elbow, lower back, and forearm showed the highest level of discomfort. Stiffness was the predominant type of discomfort in most body parts. Numbness surpassed stiffness in the elbow and hand, whereas throbbing surpassed stiffness in the wrist. Body posture influenced upper arm and lower back discomfort, with a right-sided lying posture resulting in the highest level of lower back pain (p < 0.05). Using a smartphone with a more flexed neck posture increased neck discomfort (p < 0.05). Holding a smartphone with one hand, while controlling the screen with the opposite finger, increased hand pain (p < 0.05). Conclusion The inferences obtained from this study indicate that smartphone usage posture significantly affects musculoskeletal discomfort. The suggested posture for minimizing musculoskeletal discomfort is to use the smartphone in a left-side-lying position, hold it vertically with both hands, and utilize both thumbs for texting and scrolling.
Unveiling Phytochemicals and Antioxidant, Cytotoxic, Antithrombotic, Anti-Inflammatory, Analgesic, Hypoglycemic and Antidiarrheal Activities from the Leaves Extract of Zanthoxylum rhetsa (Roxb.) DC
Authors: Jamal Hossain Md. , Abdus Samadd Md. , Akter Sharmin , Shohel Hossen Md. , Kuddus Abdul , Azizur Rahman Tamim Md. , Mitu Marufa Maharin , Rashid Mohammad A. 
Published: February 2025

Objectives This study aimed to investigate the chemico-pharmacological properties of the leaves methanolic extract (ME) of Zanthoxylum rhetsa (Roxb.) and its various solvent fractions, focusing on its antioxidant, cytotoxic, thrombolytic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, hypoglycaemic, and antidiarrheal effects. Methods Phytochemicals in the ME were identified and characterized using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Antioxidant activity was measured via DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging assay and measuring total phenolic content (TPC). Anti-inflammatory, thrombolytic, and cytotoxic effects were evaluated using membrane stabilization, clot lysis, and brine shrimp bioassays, respectively. In vivo evaluations of hypoglycaemic, antidiarrheal, and analgesic activities of the ME (200, 400 and 600 mg/kg bw) were conducted in mice model. Results A total of 65 phytoconstituents were identified in the ME, where 13-docosenamide (Z) (17.78%) and phytol (10.64%) were the most abundant. The aqueous soluble fraction (AQSF) fraction exhibited the highest TPC (181.875 mg GAE/gm of extractive) and antioxidant efficacy (IC50 = 4.78 μg/mL). The AQSF also exhibited promising antithrombotic properties, showing over 88% clot lysis capacity. Furthermore, chloroform soluble fraction (CSF) displayed 93.2% haemolysis inhibition under heat-induced conditions, while the inhibition of haemolysis was 46.8% in hypotonic conditions. All the tested three doses showed dose-dependent statistically significant (p < 0.05) analgesic and antidiarrheal efficacy, where only 200 and 400 mg/kg bw doses exhibited significant hypoglycaemic effects. In acute oral toxicity test, the ME exhibited median lethal dose greater than 4000 mg/kg bw. Conclusions Z. rhetsa leaf extractives demonstrated promising antioxidant, cytotoxic, antithrombotic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antidiarrheal effects, supporting the traditional uses of the plant species. Further extensive investigation, particularly on the AQSF fraction, is recommended to identify the responsible lead compounds.
A qualitative analysis of Arabic language websites about extraction of third molars
Authors: Alassaf Muath Saad , Abu Aof Mohannad Mohammed , Alharbi Osama Ayidh , Turkustani Abdulrahman , Karbouji Moataz Ibrahim , Althagafi Nebras , Almghamsi Ahmed Mohammed , Zolaly Ghayda Yousof , Elsayed Shadia 
Published: February 2025

Aim The study aimed to evaluate the quality and readability of Arabic-language web-based online information regarding surgical third molar extraction. Methods In this observational web-based analytical study, the top 150 Arabic search results for surgical wisdom tooth extraction were collected from Google, Yahoo, and Bing. The quality of the websites was evaluated using the DISCERN tool and the Journal of American Medical Association (JAMA) guidelines for online content analysis. Readability was measured using the Flesch-Reading Ease (FRE) scale, the Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL) scale, and the Simplified- Measure of Gobbledygook (SMOG). Results A total of 450 websites related to the extraction of wisdom teeth were initially identified. 146 websites were included in the final analysis after exclusion according to specific exclusion criteria. Significant difference was observed in the domain of treatment alternatives and the quality of information provided, according to the DISCERN criteria. The median scores for reliability-related questions ranged from 1.5 to 4.5. The overall quality rating had a median score of 2.5 (IQR = 0.5). There were significant differences in the number of achieved JAMA items per webpage between the groups (P-value = 0.000). However, there was no significant difference in the DISCERN quality evaluations between the affiliations (P-value = 0.450). Conclusion the study results indicating a broad spectrum in the explicitness and relevance of information with moderate quality across the evaluated websites and the investigation revealed significant variations in the content quality and readability provided by websites belonging to various affiliations, with non-profit websites generally achieving higher scores in JAMA criteria and readability measures.
Medical Student Mentors for Young Adults with Sickle Cell Disease: Impact on Mentors
Authors: Viola Adrienne S. , Scott Mariah Jacqueline , Rashid Hanin , Drachtman Richard , Kaveney Amanda , Sridharan Ashwin , Savage Beth , Delnevo Cristine , Porter Jerlym S. , Devine Katie A. 
Published: February 2025

OBJECTIVE In the United States, physicians and residents report inadequate training in managing adolescents and young adults (AYAs) during the transition from pediatric to adult care, particularly AYAs with chronic illnesses such as sickle cell disease (SCD). We developed an intervention where medical students serve as similar-aged “peer” mentors to offer informational and developmentally appropriate support to AYA patients during the period of transition. Our initial work showed the feasibility and acceptability of this intervention for young adults with SCD. In this report, we evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effects of this non-randomized trial on medical student mentors. METHODS Following training, medical student mentors were paired 1:1 with an AYA with SCD who was transitioning from pediatric to adult care. They conducted monthly video calls with mentees to address specific transition and disease self-management topics. Students completed baseline and follow-up surveys regarding knowledge of SCD and empathy. Satisfaction was measured at follow-up via survey and an exit interview. RESULTS Nine medical students were paired with a total of 24 patients. Student retention was 100%, but only eight completed the follow-up survey. Students reported increased knowledge about managing a chronic illness and transition and improved understanding about the patient's experience navigating the healthcare system. Students expressed high satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS A medical student mentor intervention was feasible and acceptable to medical students and may provide an opportunity for value-added role in medical education. Further research is needed to evaluate the efficacy of this type of intervention on both student and patient outcomes.
The Danish Police’s Response to Stalking: An Exploration of Victim Perspectives
Authors: Hauch Didde , Elklit Ask 
Published: February 2025

Background: This study aimed to investigate the experiences of Danish help-seeking stalking victims who had been in contact with the police, or decided not to contact them, within the timeframe of 2015–2023. Methods: This cross-sectional study used two datasets collected by the Danish Stalking Center in 2015–2020 and 2020–2023, respectively. In total, 1,019 respondents were included in the analyses. Results: Most stalking victims were women (88.8 per cent), a mean age of 38.9 years (SD = 11.34). Most had been in contact with the police (56.3 per cent), but a large number did not report stalking, fearing escalation (35 per cent), lack of energy (30.9 per cent) or due to the belief that the police could not help (34 per cent). Overall, 45.9 per cent of participants were satisfied with law enforcement’s competence in handling their stalking case. Linear regression analysis showed that those stalked by an acquaintance or a stranger reported a more positive perception of the police’s competence ( p < .05) compared to victims of intimate partner stalking. Logistic regression uncovered regional differences in the types of stalking behaviours experienced by victims. Conclusion: This study highlights an important issue that has received relatively little attention in Denmark. The findings suggest there is a need for improved police responses and support services for stalking victims in Denmark.
Applicability of ADA Diabetes Risk Scoring System in the Indian Population
Authors: Sooragonda Basavaraj G , Sivasubramanian Thyagarajan , Verma Shivendra , Aswathiah Srinath , Fatema Zareen , K Suma , Jayalakshmi K. , Mahesh DM  
Published: February 2025

Background: Screening model-based risk stratification tools, such as American Diabetes Association (ADA) diabetes risk scoring are useful in increasing awareness toward one’s risk of developing Diabetes mellitus (DM) or prediabetes. The application of ADA risk score in the Asian population might have limitations. Objective: To evaluate (a) the scope of the existing ADA score in screening Indian population and (b) the incorporation of epidemiologically relevant factors in enhancing the sensitivity of the scoring system for a population-wide screen. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted among adults with normoglycemia, a history of T2DM or prediabetes. Diabetes risk scores, with and without modifications of factors including age, BMI, and abdominal obesity based on Indian-specific criteria were calculated. The sensitivity was evaluated after incorporating each modification and with simultaneous incorporation of all modifications (Bharat Risk Score for Dysglycemia [BRS-D] scoring system). Results: Among 723 individuals screened, 101 participants had a history of DM, and 18 participants without a history of diabetes had a capillary glucose level ≥200 mg/dl. The sensitivity of the ADA scoring system with the standard ADA score (≥5) was 86.6%. With the inclusion of the modifications, the sensitivity of the scoring system increased: 91.6% (age), 90.8% (waist circumference) and 89.1% (BMI), 93.3% (all modifications). Conclusion: The application of population-specific criteria to the standard ADA scoring system could improve sensitivity. The proposed BRS-D scoring system can be a versatile tool that will enable large-scale screening to identify high-risk individuals for diabetes among, the Indian population.
Knowledge, attitude, and practice towards uterine cervical cancer screening in Egyptian females: a nationwide cross-sectional study
Authors: Behery Mostafa Behery , Bahbah Ammar Ayman , Mohamed Shawqi Mohamed , El-Said Yara Mohammed , Sherif Leenah Naser , Ataallah Hager Abdelaziz , Adwy Enas Sherif , Ageez Reem El-Sayed , Helmi Abo Elwafa Asmaa , Ahmed Noor Maged Badrawy , Elsaadany Reem , El-Bary Naser Abd 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Cervical cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among women worldwide; it is ranked the 4th most common cancer among women globally. The current recommendation for cervical cancer (CC) screening involves the use of cytology examination methods like Pap smear. However, there is a lack of data on the practice of Pap smear screening in Egypt. Furthermore, understanding the knowledge, attitudes, and barriers related to cervical cancer screening among potential participants is crucial.

Methods
In this cross-sectional study, we conducted interviews with female patients aged 21 years or more who visited outpatient clinics in six university hospitals across Egypt. The survey aimed to assess participants’ compliance with CC screening guidelines, their knowledge of and attitude toward CC screening, and their perception of potential barriers.

Results
A total of 897 participants from the six study centers completed the survey. Only a small percentage (1.1%) of participants had undergone CC screening, although only (0.8%) of the participants were referred to do CC screening. The referral rate was more likely to be higher in participants who had one of their first-degree relatives or the surrounding people with a history of CC compared to those who have no one with CC (37.5% vs. 0.4%, P < 0.001; 5% vs. 0.6%, P = 0.035 respectively). Moreover, the referral rate was higher among participants who discussed CC and CC screening with their physicians (15.8% vs. 0.5%, P < 0.001; 23.5% vs. 0.3%, P < 0.001 respectively). Knowledge of CC screening was limited, with only 2.7% of respondents demonstrating good actual knowledge. However, after introducing the concept of CC screening to all participants, the majority (74.6%) showed a positive attitude towards undergoing the procedure. Lack of knowledge about the procedure, its tool, the place to do it, and financial burden were cited as the most common barriers to CC screening (79.8%, 65.9%, 64.2%, and 53.2%, respectively).

Conclusion
Despite inadequate knowledge about CC screening, there is a positive attitude toward it among eligible participants in Egypt. This lack of knowledge likely contributes to low compliance with current CC screening guidelines and calls for national-level efforts to address this issue.
Age- and sex-specific differences in repetitive sprinting in 9-14-year-olds living in Turkey
Authors: Can İbrahim , Ataş Bilgin , Smits-Engelsman Bouwien C. M. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Since children’s daily activities are mostly anaerobic, it is important to assess anaerobic performance as part of the physical assessment. Therefore, running speed, power, and heart rate during repetitive sprints were investigated.

Method
A total of 118 children participated (mean age:11.5 range 9-14y; 48% boys, 52% girls) and performed the children’s repetitive and intermittent sprinting performance (CRISP) test, which consists of six sprint runs performed at maximal speed over 30-meter with short recovery periods (10 s) between each run. GLM Repeated Measures were used to examine the effect of runs (within-subject factor) and age and sex (between-subject factor) and as well as possible interactions for running time, power, and heart rate.

Results
Running times increased significantly across runs (p < 0.001, large effect size), showing a non-linear slowdown (p = 0.013). Also, a main effect of age, [p < 0.033] and sex [p < 0.011, medium effect size] emerged. However, interaction effects showed that girls fatigued more in the second half of the test, which led to larger differences with the boys in the later runs of the CRISP. Moreover, the interaction effect of age-by-run-by-sex was found. Eleven-year-old children had the longest running times. At the same time, young children, predominantly boys, showed less fatigue, as their last runs were comparable in time to the first ones. Analysis of the power showed a main effect of age, indicating more power in older children [p < 0.001, large effect size], especially after 11 years. No differences between sexes were found for power. Heart rate increased significantly during the repetitive sprinting [p < 0.001, large effect size]. No differences for age or sex were found for mean or peak heart rate.

Conclusion
The CRISP test is sensitive to running fatigue [large effect size] and distinguishes between the performance characteristics of children according to age and sex. Running speed and power go up between 12 and 14 years. Girls run slower but generate comparable power over the runs. Yet they fatigue more in the second half of the test than boys.