bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rapid Self‐Assembly Mini‐Livers Protect Mice Against Severe Hepatectomy‐Induced Liver Failure
Authors: Luo Miaomiao , Lai Jiahui , Zhang Enhua , Ma Yue , He Runbang , Mao Lina , Deng Bo , Zhu Junjin , Ding Yan , Huang Jialyu , Xue Bin , Wang Qiangsong , Zhang Mingming , Huang Pengyu 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe construction of bioartificial livers, such as liver organoids, offers significant promise for disease modeling, drug development, and regenerative medicine. However, existing methods for generating liver organoids have limitations, including lengthy and complex processes (taking 6–8 weeks or longer), safety concerns associated with pluripotency, limited functionality of pluripotent stem cell‐derived hepatocytes, and small, highly variable sizes (typically ≈50–500 µm in diameter). Prolonged culture also leads to the formation of necrotic cores, further restricting size and function. In this study, a straightforward and time‐efficient approach is developed for creating rapid self‐assembly mini‐livers (RSALs) within 12 h. Additionally, primary hepatocytes are significantly expanded in vitro for use as seeding cells. RSALs exhibit consistent larger sizes (5.5 mm in diameter), improved cell viability (99%), and enhanced liver functionality. Notably, RSALs are functionally vascularized within 2 weeks post‐transplantation into the mesentery of mice. These authentic hepatocyte‐based RSALs effectively protect mice from 90%‐hepatectomy‐induced liver failure, demonstrating the potential of bioartificial liver‐based therapy.
Defect Passivation of 2D Semiconductors by Fixating Chemisorbed Oxygen Molecules via h‐BN Encapsulations
Authors: Jung Jin‐Woo , Choi Hyeon‐Seo , Lee Young‐Jun , Kim Youngjae , Taniguchi Takashi , Watanabe Kenji , Choi Min‐Yeong , Jang Jae Hyuck , Chung Hee‐Suk , Kim Dohun , Kim Youngwook , Cho Chang‐Hee 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN) is a key ingredient for various 2D van der Waals heterostructure devices, but the exact role of h‐BN encapsulation in relation to the internal defects of 2D semiconductors remains unclear. Here, it is reported that h‐BN encapsulation greatly removes the defect‐related gap states by stabilizing the chemisorbed oxygen molecules onto the defects of monolayer WS2 crystals. Electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) combined with theoretical analysis clearly confirms that the oxygen molecules are chemisorbed onto the defects of WS2 crystals and are fixated by h‐BN encapsulation, with excluding a possibility of oxygen molecules trapped in bubbles or wrinkles formed at the interface between WS2 and h‐BN. Optical spectroscopic studies show that h‐BN encapsulation prevents the desorption of oxygen molecules over various excitation and ambient conditions, resulting in a greatly lowered and stabilized free electron density in monolayer WS2 crystals. This suppresses the exciton annihilation processes by two orders of magnitude compared to that of bare WS2. Furthermore, the valley polarization becomes robust against the various excitation and ambient conditions in the h‐BN encapsulated WS2 crystals.
Assessment and treatment of multiply maintained self injury for a visually impaired elementary student with autism
Authors: Snyder Sara K. , Griffin Madeline L. , Ayres Kevin M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAssessment of challenging behavior via functional analysis (FA) and subsequent treatment including functional communication training (FCT) is a common approach to treating severe problem behavior for individuals with autism and intellectual disability. Assessment and treatment for these behaviors exhibited by individuals who have a co‐occurring diagnosis of visual impairment and autism spectrum disorder present unique challenges to this approach. The current study included an 8‐year‐old White, visually impaired male on the autism spectrum who engaged in self injurious behavior (SIB). Based on the results of the FA, conducted in his classroom, the researchers began FCT to address the multiple maintaining functions of SIB. Results suggest that adaptations to FCT may be necessary for visually impaired individuals on the autism spectrum to make the communication response more salient to the individual and establish independent communication responses.
N‐allyl quinoxaline derivative exhibited potent and selective cytotoxicity through EGFR/VEGFR‐mediated apoptosis: In vitro and in vivo studies
Authors: Nafie Mohamed S. , Ali Mohab A. , Youssef Magdy M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe cytotoxic activity, EGFR/VEGFR2 target inhibition, apoptotic activity, RT‐PCR gene expression, in vivo employing a solid‐Ehrlich carcinoma model, and in silico investigations for highlighting the binding affinity of eight quinoxaline derivatives were tested for anticancer activities. The results showed that compound 8 (N‐allyl quinoxaline) had potent cytotoxicity against A594 and MCF‐7 cancer cells with IC50 values of 0.86 and 1.06 µM, respectively, with noncytotoxic activity against WISH and MCF‐10A cells having IC50 values more than 100 µM. Furthermore, it strongly induced apoptotic cell death in A549 and MCF‐7 cells by 43.13% and 34.07%, respectively, stopping the cell cycle at S and G1‐phases. For the molecular target, the results showed that compound 8 had a promising EGFR inhibition activity with an IC50 value of 0.088 µM compared to Sorafenib (IC50 = 0.056 µM), and it had a promising VEGFR2 inhibition activity with an IC50 value of 0.108 µM compared to Sorafenib (IC50 = 0.049 µM). Treatment with compound 8 ameliorated biochemical and histochemical parameters near normal in the in vivo investigation, with a tumor inhibition ratio of 68.19% compared to 64.8% for 5‐FU treatment. Finally, the molecular docking study demonstrated the binding affinity through binding energy and interactive binding mode inside the EGFR/VEGFR2 proteins. Potent EGFR and VEGFR2 inhibition of compound 8 suggests its potential for development as a selective anticancer drug.
Association of in‐line digestive enzyme cartridge with enteral feeds on improvement in anthropometrics among pediatric patients with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Shrivastava Samarth , Shaw Karyn , Lee MinJae , Reitich Patricia , Hunter Stacie , Klosterman Mary , Sathe Meghana 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundApproximately 85% of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) have exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) with 10% requiring supplemental nighttime enteral tube feedings. Administration of pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (PERT) with nighttime feedings is fraught with challenges. RELiZORB (Alcresta Therapeutics, Inc), an in‐line lipase cartridge, delivers PERT continuously with enteral feedings. Outcomes related to the use of this in‐line lipase cartridge are lesser known. This project evaluated anthropometrics related to in‐line lipase cartridge use among pediatric patients with CF already receiving oral PERT therapy prior to nighttime enteral feedings.MethodsRetrospective chart review was performed on 29 patients with CF and EPI receiving supplemental tube feedings and utilizing in‐line lipase cartridge for a continuous 12 month period between 2015 and 2019. Anthropometrics were evaluated 12 months before and after initiation of in‐line lipase cartridge.ResultsCompared with mean height z score at 6‐months pre–in‐line lipase cartridge, mean height z score at 6‐months post–in‐line‐lipase cartridge (adjusted mean difference [AMD] = 0.2540; 95% CI = [0.0487, 0.4592]; P = 0.0153) and mean height z score at 12‐months post–in‐line lipase cartridge (AMD = 0.2684; 95% CI = [0.0203, 0.5166]; P = 0.0340) were significantly higher. Mean weight z score at 12‐months post–in‐line‐lipase‐cartridge neared statistical significance compared with 6‐months pre–in‐line lipase cartridge (AMD = 0.2816; 95% CI = [−0.0003, 0.5634]; P = 0.0502) when excluding seven patients with advanced lung disease (forced expiratory volume in the first second of expiration of 40%). Weight‐for‐length or body mass index did not significantly differ compared with pre–in‐line lipase cartridge.ConclusionUse of in‐line lipase cartridge with enteral feeds improved anthropometrics, especially height, in pediatric patients with CF.
On the Relations between Fermion Masses and Isospin Couplings in the Microscopic Model
Authors: Lampe Bodo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractQuark and lepton masses and mixings are considered in the framework of the microscopic model. The most general ansatz for the interactions among tetrons leads to a Hamiltonian involving Dzyaloshinskii‐Moriya (DM), Heisenberg and torsional isospin forces. Diagonalization of the Hamiltonian provides for 24 eigenvalues which are identified as the quark and lepton masses. While the masses of the third and second family arise from DM and Heisenberg type of isospin interactions, light family masses are related to torsional interactions among tetrons. Neutrino masses turn out to be special in that they are given in terms of tiny isospin non‐conserving DM, Heisenberg and torsional couplings. The approach not only leads to masses, but also allows to calculate the quark and lepton eigenstates, an issue, which is important for the determination of the CKM and PMNS mixing matrices. Compact expressions for the eigenfunctions of are given. The almost exact isospin conservation of the system dictates the form of the lepton states and makes them independent of all the couplings in . As a consequence, a parameter‐free analytic expression for the PMNS matrix is derived which fits numerically all the measured matrix components. The formula includes a prediction of the leptonic Jarlskog invariant . An outlook is given on the treatment of the CKM matrix.
The Chiral Ring of D=4$D=4$, N=1${\mathcal {N}}=1$ SYM with Exceptional Gauge Groups
Authors: Cederwall Martin , Ferretti Gabriele 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe Cachazo–Douglas–Seiberg–Witten conjecture, concerning the algebraic structure of the chiral ring in , supersymmetric Yang–Mills theory, is proven for exceptional gauge groups. This completes the proof of the conjecture.
Goreisan‐induced modulation of fecal bile acid composition and gut microbiota in mice
Authors: Watanabe Shiro , Takahashi Kyoka , Awale Suresh , Furusawa Yukihiro , Tabuchi Yoshiaki , Nishidono Yuto , Tanaka Ken 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimBile acids are suggested to be involved in the antidiarrhetic effect of Goreisan (GRS). This study aimed to investigate the effect of GRS on fecal bile acid levels and composition of the gut microbiota in mice. Correlation analysis was employed to identify the potential gut microbiota associated with the alterations in fecal bile acid levels induced by GRS.MethodsMale C57BL/6 mice were fed a diet supplemented with GRS water extract for 4 weeks. Feces and cecal contents were collected from the mice to determine bile acid levels and analyze bacterial composition.ResultsGRS administration significantly increased the levels of fecal secondary bile acids, including ω‐muricholic acid (MCA), hyodeoxycholic acid (HDCA), and lithocholic acid (LCA). In contrast, the levels of primary bile acids, such as β‐MCA, cholic acid (CA), and chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) showed a marked decrease. Further analysis revealed a positive correlation between the relative abundance of Alloprevotella, Dehalobacterium PAC001221, and Eubacterium g23 and fecal levels of ωMCA, HDCA, and LCA.ConclusionsGRS was suggested to promote the formation of fecal secondary bile acids in mice, possibly through the enhancement of bacterial 7β‐dehydroxylation and 6β‐epimerization activities. These changes may be involved in the antidiarrhetic action of GRS. Concurrent evaluation of fecal bile acids and gut microbiota presents a promising approach for elucidating the novel mechanisms underlying the effects of kampo formulations, particularly in modulating the microbial metabolism of intestinal bile acids.
Magnetoelastic effect on semi‐infinite moving crack in an orthotropic structure influenced by anti‐plane wave
Authors: Alam Samim , Karan Somashri , Mandal Subhas Chandra 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA two dimensional boundary value problem of magnetoelasticity for a semi‐infinite moving crack situated between an orthotropic half‐space and an orthotropic layer has been considered. Also, it has been considered that the crack is agitated by an anti‐plane shear wave. The contemplated problem has been reduced to a typical Wiener–Hopf equation by employing Fourier integral transform to the convenient boundary condition. The accomplished Wiener–Hopf equation has been solved only for asymptotic case to get the analytical expression of stress intensity factor (SIF) and crack tearing displacement (CTD). The dependence of several parameters including the magnetoelastic coupling factor, material constants, crack propagation velocity and crack depth from the upper surface on the SIF and CTD have been illustrated using variety of graphs.
Molecular engineering of a spheroid-penetrating phage nanovector for photodynamic treatment of colon cancer cells
Authors: Turrini Eleonora , Ulfo Luca , Costantini Paolo Emidio , Saporetti Roberto , Di Giosia Matteo , Nigro Michela , Petrosino Annapaola , Pappagallo Lucia , Kaltenbrunner Alena , Cantelli Andrea , Pellicioni Valentina , Catanzaro Elena , Fimognari Carmela , Calvaresi Matteo , Danielli Alberto 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) represents an emerging strategy to treat various malignancies, including colorectal cancer (CC), the third most common cancer type. This work presents an engineered M13 phage retargeted towards CC cells through pentavalent display of a disulfide-constrained peptide nonamer. The M13CC nanovector was conjugated with the photosensitizer Rose Bengal (RB), and the photodynamic anticancer effects of the resulting M13CC-RB bioconjugate were investigated on CC cells. We show that upon irradiation M13CC-RB is able to impair CC cell viability, and that this effect depends on i) photosensitizer concentration and ii) targeting efficiency towards CC cell lines, proving the specificity of the vector compared to unmodified M13 phage. We also demonstrate that M13CC-RB enhances generation and intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) triggering CC cell death. To further investigate the anticancer potential of M13CC-RB, we performed PDT experiments on 3D CC spheroids, proving, for the first time, the ability of engineered M13 phage conjugates to deeply penetrate multicellular spheroids. Moreover, significant photodynamic effects, including spheroid disruption and cytotoxicity, were readily triggered at picomolar concentrations of the phage vector. Taken together, our results promote engineered M13 phages as promising nanovector platform for targeted photosensitization, paving the way to novel adjuvant approaches to fight CC malignancies.
Circle packings from tilings of the plane
Authors: Rehwinkel Philip , Whitehead Ian , Yang David , Yang Mengyuan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe introduce a new class of fractal circle packings in the plane, generalizing the polyhedral packings defined by Kontorovich and Nakamura. The existence and uniqueness of these packings are guaranteed by infinite versions of the Koebe–Andreev–Thurston theorem. We prove structure theorems giving a complete description of the symmetry groups for these packings. And we give several examples to illustrate their number-theoretic and group-theoretic significance.
Measures of kurtosis: inadmissible for asymmetric distributions?
Authors: Eberl Andreas , Klar Bernhard 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSkewness and kurtosis are natural characteristics of a distribution. While it has long been recognized that they are more intrinsically entangled than other characteristics like location and dispersion, this has recently been made more explicit by Eberl and Klar (Stat Papers 65:415–433, 2024) with regard to orders of kurtosis. In this paper, we analyze the implications of this entanglement on kurtosis measures in general and for several specific examples. As a key finding, we show that kurtosis measures that are defined in the classical order-based way, which is analogous to measures of location, dispersion and skewness, do not exist. This raises serious doubts about the frequent application of such measures to skewed data. We then consider old and new proposals for kurtosis measures and evaluate under which additional conditions they measure kurtosis in a meaningful way. Some measures also allow more specific representations of the influence of skewness on the measurement of kurtosis than are available in a general setting. This works particularly well for a family of newly introduced density-based kurtosis measures.
Momentum in contests and its underlying behavioral mechanisms
Authors: Kubitz Greg , Page Lionel , Wan Hao 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We investigate the existence and nature of momentum in performance in contests and whether momentum arises for reasons in part unrelated to rational strategies in contests. To address this question, we look at a setting where strategic considerations should not generate momentum: a sequence of two rounds of independent contests. We show that if we relax the assumption of payoff maximizing agents, positive momentum (success tends to be followed by more success) or negative momentum (success tends to be followed by less success) can arise through several behavioral mechanisms that have, until now, not been widely considered in the literature. We examine these predictions in an experiment. Using random variations in the participants’ winning chances in a first contest to identify the causal effect of success on later performance, we find that a positive momentum exists. Using several experimental conditions which modulate the effect of the different possible mechanisms, we find that the pattern of momentum is most compatible with players having adaptive preferences, whereby they may gain or lose interest in the second contest after respectively winning or losing the first one. These results suggest that standard models of contests do not fully capture the behavioral dynamics existing in competitive settings.
Genomics of a novel ecological phase shift: the case of a ‘weedy’ Montipora coral in Ulithi, Micronesia
Authors: Bernardi Giacomo , Gatins Remy , Paddack Michelle , Nelson Peter , Rulmal John , Crane Nicole 
Published: March 2024

AbstractLocal and global ecological stressors are leading to increased documentation of phase shifts in coral reefs from healthy stony corals to macrophytes. In more rare cases, phase shifts result in sponge, zoantharian or other dominant species. In Ulithi Atoll, Federated States of Micronesia, we have documented an unusual phase shift from reefs with a diverse stony coral assemblage to reefs dominated by a single species of stony coral: Montipora sp.—a coral-to-coral phase shift. This monospecific type of reef lowers fish diversity and biomass, impacting both ecological integrity, and livelihoods of reef-dependent human communities. In this study, we used a genomic approach to characterize such a reef. We assembled a de-novo reference genome and used RAD seq data with thousands of SNPs to determine if different reefs result from sexual or asexual reproduction, if weedy Montipora fragments are transported between islands by human activities, and if there is evidence of natural selection on specific genotypes, thus favoring spreading success. We found that sexual reproduction is predominant in the focal species, that there is no evidence of human-mediated spread, and that some genomic regions might be under selection. While such results eliminate a number of spreading hypotheses, more precise dispersal maps will be important to determine the tempo and mode of ‘invasion’ of Montipora in Ulithi Atoll. This study shows that selection and adaptation may be contributing to the success of a stony coral (e.g., Phase shift). While a stony coral may be successful in a disturbed environment, it does not necessarily provide the type of habitat that is conducive to high fish biomass and coral diversity. These results serve as a cautionary tale for restoration efforts that focus on single species coral resilience rather than ecosystem function.
Dynamics of Berry Characteristics, Biochemical Composition, and Physiological Responses Across Ripening Stages: Investigating the Impact of Pollinizer Varieties on Physiological Femaleness in Bozcaada Çavuşu (Vitis vinifera L. cv)
Authors: Ates Fadime , Delavar Hava , Dardeniz Alper , Yilmaz Turhan , Turan Metin , Kaya Ozkan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractUnderstanding the dynamic changes in grape characteristics during ripening is crucial for enhancing grape quality, which, in turn, influences overall viticulture practices. This study aimed to investigate the temporal and cultivar-specific variations in grape characteristics, focusing on BAs, phenolic compounds, antioxidant enzymes, and organic acids. Our results revealed that Bozcaada Çavuşu*Kuntra and Kuntra grapes exhibited the most significant growth in size, weight, and maturity index at the final developmental stage (EL-38), while Vasilâki showed a nuanced maturation pattern with significant increases in berry width but not weight. Across all varieties, the highest maturity index and Total Soluble Solids percentages were observed at EL-38. The investigation of BAs revealed a significant decrease in Put levels from 2.62 at EL-32 to 2.04 mg L−1 at EL-38, contrasting with an increasing trend in Agm concentrations from 0.25 at EL-29 to 0.37 mg L−1 at EL-38. Bozcaada Çavuşu*Kuntra stood out with the highest Cad concentration at 2.96 mg L−1. The analysis of phenolic compounds highlighted a distinct temporal pattern for gallic acid, increasing from 1.60 at EL-29 to 3.77 g L−1 at EL-32 and maintaining stability at 3.74 g L−1 at EL-38. Bozcaada Çavuşu*Vasilâki consistently exhibited higher concentrations of phenolic compounds, such as epicatechin (5.69 g L−1) and tyrosol (7.00 g L−1). Antioxidant enzymes like catalase and superoxide dismutase in grape cultivars showed significant temporal variations, indicating a dynamic oxidative stress response during berry ripening. Catalase activity decreased from 14.04 to 11.20 EU/gr berry between EL-29 and EL-38. The multifaceted regulation of superoxide dismutase by sampling time and cultivar highlighted the complexity of antioxidant dynamics in grapevine physiology. In conclusion, this comprehensive study sheds light on the intricate interplay of temporal and cultivar-specific factors influencing grape characteristics, providing valuable insights for optimizing viticulture practices and enhancing overall grape quality.