bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genome‐wide significance for dense SNP and resequencing data
Authors: Hoggart Clive J. , Clark Taane G. , De Iorio Maria , Whittaker John C. , Balding David J. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractThe problem of multiple testing is an important aspect of genome‐wide association studies, and will become more important as marker densities increase. The problem has been tackled with permutation and false discovery rate procedures and with Bayes factors, but each approach faces difficulties that we briefly review. In the current context of multiple studies on different genotyping platforms, we argue for the use of truly genome‐wide significance thresholds, based on all polymorphisms whether or not typed in the study. We approximate genome‐wide significance thresholds in contemporary West African, East Asian and European populations by simulating sequence data, based on all polymorphisms as well as for a range of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) selection criteria. Overall we find that significance thresholds vary by a factor of >20 over the SNP selection criteria and statistical tests that we consider and can be highly dependent on sample size. We compare our results for sequence data to those derived by the HapMap Consortium and find notable differences which may be due to the small sample sizes used in the HapMap estimate. Genet. Epidemiol. 32:179–185, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Naturalistic outcomes of minor and subsyndromal depression in older primary care patients
Authors: Lyness Jeffrey M. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractObjectiveTo review the literature regarding the naturalistic outcomes of minor and subsyndromal depression (‘Min/SSD’) in older primary care patients, synthesizing and critiquing findings and discussing avenues for future research.DesignThe author obtained relevant articles from repeated computer‐assisted literature searches over the past 15 years, and by reviewing the reference citations of the articles so obtained.ResultsA variety of relevant outcome domains were identified, as were important putative predictors, moderators, and mediators of outcome. In general, minor and subsyndromal depression each have comparable outcomes, outcomes that are clearly worse than non‐depressed subjects, with substantially elevated risk of worsening into major depression, albeit not as poor as those with major depression.ConclusionsMin/SSD is common and of real clinical importance in primary care seniors. Several definitions of SSD may be used, each with overlapping but distinguishable utility in identifying patients. While the evidence base has expanded greatly in the past decade, considerable work remains to be done. Naturalistic studies of several outcome domains are needed, focusing on the predictive, moderating, and mediating roles of a wide range of psychopathological, medical, functional, and psychosocial factors. Such work will complement interventions and biomarker research approaches. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A new P‐heterocyclic family: A variety of six‐membered and bridged P‐heterocycles with 1‐benzyl substituent
Authors: Novák Tibor , Deme János , Ludányi Krisztina , Keglevich György 
Published: January 2008

AbstractThe ring enlargement of 1‐benzyl‐2,5‐dihydro‐1H‐phosphole oxide (1) via the corresponding 2‐phosphabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane 2‐oxide (2) afforded, depending on the conditions, the double bond isomers (A and B) of 1,2‐dihydrophosphinine oxide 4 or that of 3‐substituted 1,2,3,6‐tetrahydrophosphinine oxides 5 and 6. Dihydrophosphinine oxides (4) were suitable starting materials for 1,2,3,4,5,6‐hexahydrophosphinine oxide 7 and 1,2,3,6‐tetrahydrophosphinine oxide 8 obtained by reductive approaches and for the double bond isomers (A and B) of 2‐phosphabicyclo[2.2.2]octadiene 2‐oxide 9 and phosphabicyclooctene oxide 10 prepared in Diels–Alder cycloaddition. Precursor 9 was utilized in the fragmentation‐related phosphorylation of alcohols. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 19:28–34, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20363
Synthesis and biological activities of novel bis‐heterocyclic pyrrodiazole derivatives
Authors: He Feng‐Qi , Liu Xing‐Hai , Wang Bao‐Lei , Li Zheng‐Ming 
Published: January 2008

AbstractNovel structures of bis‐heterocyclic pyrrodiazole derivatives containing pyrazole were designed and synthesized. The title compounds were characterized by 1H NMR, IR, MS, and elemental analysis. Biological activities of three intermediate compounds and 25 pyrrodiazole derivatives were tested in vivo and in vitro. Some of the title compounds exhibited certain herbicidal activities against barnyardgrass and rape. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 19:21–27, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20369
Synthesis, structure, and biological activity of novel 4,5‐disubstituted thiazolyl urea derivatives
Authors: Ling Shao , Xin Zhou , Zhong Jin , Jian‐xin Fang 
Published: January 2008

AbstractNovel 1‐(2,4‐dichlorophenyl)‐3‐[4‐aryl‐5‐(1H‐1,2,4‐triazol‐1‐yl)thiazol‐2‐yl] urea derivatives were synthesized by the reaction of 2‐amino‐4‐sustituted phentyl‐5‐(1H‐1,2,4‐triazol‐1‐yl) thiazoles with 2,4‐dichloro‐1‐isocyanatobenzene. Structures of the title compounds were confirmed by the elemental analysis, 1H NMR, and single crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis. Biological evaluation showed that some of them possess promising antitumor activities. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 19:2–6, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20375
LiClO4 catalyzed mild and efficient method for the synthesis of thiiranes from oxiranes
Authors: Reddy Sanjeeva , Nagavani S. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractOxiranes are efficiently converted to the corresponding thiiranes by potassium thiocyanate in the presence of catalytic amounts of LiClO4 with excellent yields under mild and nonaqueous conditions. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 19:97–99, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20376
Synthesis and conformational analysis of a small meta‐cyclophane, bis(5‐carbomethoxy‐1,3‐phenylene)‐14‐crown‐4
Authors: Gibson Harry W. , Wang Hong , Chng Chin P. , Glass Thomas E. , Schoonover Daniel , Zakharov Lev N. , Rheingold Arnold L. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractA small cyclophane, bis(5‐carbometh‐oxy‐1,3‐phenylene)‐14‐crown‐4 (BCMP14C4, 3) and its diacid, bis(5‐carboxy‐1,3‐phenylene)‐14‐crown‐4 (4), were synthesized and characterized. The solid‐state molecular structures of 3 and 4 were determined by X‐ray crystallography as ladder or stepped conformations in which the two aromatic rings are antiparallel to each other without overlap and the ethylene tethers both take trans‐conformations. Diester 3 is formed in the lowest cyclization yield (under the same reaction conditions) and exhibits the highest melting point compared to its larger ring (20‐, 26‐ and 32‐membered) analogs. In CD2Cl2 solution, diester 3 exists predominantly as a nonplanar gauche–gauche structure as deduced by H NMR studies. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 19:48–54, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20393
Synthesis of phosphonodipeptide conjugates of ursolic acid and their homologs
Authors: Deng Sheng‐Lou , Baglin Isabelle , Nour Mohammed , Cavé Christian 
Published: January 2008

AbstractTo prepare novel derivatives of naturally bioactive 3β‐hydroxy‐urs‐12‐en‐28‐oic acid (ursolic acid) with unusual properties and broad spectrum of activities, a number of chemical reactions were conducted. First, a variety of α‐aminophosphonates were prepared by a series of reactions involving the three‐component Mannich type reaction as a key step. Second, an array of phosphonodipeptides and their homologs was synthesized through multistep reactions including condensation of phthalic anhydride with glycine or β‐alanine, chlorination of N‐blocked amino acids, coupling of acid chloride with α‐aminophosphonates and sequential hydrazinolysis. Finally, new classes of phosphonodipeptide conjugates of ursolic acid and their homologs were obtained by condensation of 3β‐acetoxy‐urs‐12‐en‐28‐oyl chloride with phosphonodipeptides and their homologs. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 19:55–65, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20396
Bismuth triflate catalyzed prins‐type cyclization in ionic liquid: Synthesis of 4‐tetrahydropyranol derivatives
Authors: Murty M. S. R. , Rajasekhar K. , Harikrishna V. , Yadav J. S. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractThe reaction of aldehydes with homoallylic alcohols in the presence of catalytic amount of bismuth triflate in [bmim]PF6generates 4‐tetrahydropyranol derivatives in excellent yield and with high diastereoselectivity. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 19:104–106, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20403
Diastereoselective addition of hypophosphorous acid to N‐(R)‐α‐methylbenzyl‐substituted schiff bases
Authors: Lewkowski Jarosław , Karpowicz Rafał , Rybarczyk Małgorzata 
Published: January 2008

AbstractThe addition of hypophosphorous acid to an azomethine bond of N‐(R)‐α‐methylbenzyl Schiff bases of a variety of aldehydes led to the formation of N‐(R)‐α‐methylbenzylamino‐(S)‐methanephosphonous acids in 100% diastereoselectivity. This fact allows us to suggest the probable mechanism of the Strecker‐like reaction between hypophosphorous acid, an aldehyde, and (R)‐α‐methylbenzylamine. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 19:35–37, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20406
Synthesis of peptidyl phosphonates containing 5‐(4′‐carboxyphenyl)‐10,15,20‐tritolylporphyrin
Authors: Habdas Jan , Boduszek Bogdan 
Published: January 2008

AbstractThe synthesis and characterization of three new porphyrin‐peptidyl‐phosphonate derivatives, containing a diphenyl 3‐pyridylmethyl‐phosphonate moiety, is described. These compounds could serve as potential photosensitizers for the PDT method of tumor therapy and displayed activity as inhibitors of aminopeptidase N. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 19:107–111, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20407
Comparison of the reactivity of N‐(p‐toluenesulfonyl)‐sulfinimidoyl fluorides and chlorides toward triphenylphosphine
Authors: Pashinnik Valeriy E. , Borovikov Alexei V. , Shermolovich Yuriy G. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractThe path of the reaction of aryl‐N‐(p‐toluenesulfonyl)‐sulfinimidoyl fluorides and triphenylphosphine is highly dependent on the order of the reactants addition. Addition of triphenylphos‐phine to aryl‐N‐(p‐toluenesulfonyl)‐sulfinimidoyl fluorides results in the formation of triphenyl(aryl‐thio)phosphonium salts of N,N′‐bis(p‐toluenesul‐fonyl)aryl‐sulfinamidines and triphenyldifluorophosphorane. By changing the reagent addition order, we obtained triphenyldifluorophosphorane, P,P,P‐triphenyl‐N‐(p‐toluenesulfonyl)‐phosphine imide, and diaryl disulfides. The outcome of the reaction aryl‐N‐(arenesulfonyl)‐sulfinimidoyl chlorides and triphenylphosphine does not depend on the order of addition of the reactants. P,P,P‐Triphenyl‐N‐(arenesulfonyl)‐phosphine imides, triphenyldichloro‐phosphorane, and diaryl disulfides were formed as a result. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 19:66–71, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20408
Photochemical reaction of silyl‐substituted 1,4‐disila(dewar‐benzene) with isocyanide and phenylacetylene
Authors: Oikawa Toru , Nakata Norio , Matsumoto Takeshi , Kabe Yoshio , Sekiguchi Akira 
Published: January 2008

AbstractThe irradiation of silyl‐substituted 1,4‐disila(Dewar‐benzene) 1 with light of wavelength λ > 320 nm in the presence of 2,6‐dimethylphenyl‐isocyanide or phenylacetylene produced 1,4‐bis(di‐tert‐butylmethylsilyl)‐2,3,5,6‐tetraethyl‐7‐(2,6‐dime‐thylphenylimino)‐1,4‐disilabicyclo[2.2.1]hepta‐2,5‐diene 5 or 1,4‐bis(di‐tert‐butylmethylsilyl)‐2,3,5,6‐tetraethyl‐1‐(2‐phenylethynyl)‐1,4‐disilacyclohexa‐2,5‐diene 6, respectively. The molecular structures of 5 and 6 were determined by spectroscopic data and X‐ray crystallography. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 19:87–92, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20411
Researches on thiazolobenzodiazepines: Behavior of tetrahydro‐1,5‐benzodiazepinethiones with aromatic α‐haloketones
Authors: Janciene Regina , Stumbreviciute Zita , Vektariene Ausra , Kosychova Lidija , Sirutkaitis Romualdas , Palaima Algirdas , Staniulyte Zita , Puodziunaite Benedikta D. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractA number of 1‐substituted 4H,5H,6H‐[1,3]thiazolo[3,2‐a][1,5]benzodiazepinium‐11‐bromides and S‐(2‐oxo‐2‐phenyl‐X‐(p)‐ethyl)‐3‐(2‐methyl‐1H‐benzimidazol‐1‐yl) propane (or butane) thioate hydrobromides were obtained by direct reaction of the 5‐acetyl(or formyl, or anilinocarbonyl)‐substituted tetrahydro‐1,5‐benzodiazepine‐2‐thiones with aromatic α‐bromoketones. 2‐[(1‐Acetyl‐2(or 3)‐methyl‐2,3‐dihydro‐1H‐1,5‐benzodiazepin‐4‐yl) sulfanyl]‐1‐phenylethanones as intermediates of the formation of thiazolo [3,2‐a][1,5]benzodiazepine and N‐substituted 2‐methyl‐1H‐benzimidazole derivatives have been synthesized. Semiempirical AM1 calculations of a mechanism and energetic parameters for the heptatomic nucleus rearrangement to benzimidazole ring are presented. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 19:72–81, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20414
N‐functionalized azolin‐2‐ylidene‐palladium‐catalyzed heck reaction
Authors: Özdemir Ismail , Gürbüz Nevin , Gök Yetkin , Çetinkaya Bekir 
Published: January 2008

AbstractNovel 1,3‐dialkylimidazolidinium, 1,3‐dialkyl‐3,4,5,6‐tetrahydropyrimidinium, and 1,3‐dialkyl‐1H‐4,5,6,7‐tetrahydrodiazepinium hexafluorophosphates (1a–c, 2a–c) as N‐heterocyclic carbene precursors have been synthesized and characterized. The incorporation of saturated N‐heterocyclic carbenes into palladium precatalysts gives high‐catalyst activity in the Heck coupling of aryl bromide substrates in aqueous media. The complexes were generated in the presence of Pd(OAc)2 by in situ deprotonation of 1,3‐dialkylazolinium salts 1, 2. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 19:82–86, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20415
Phosphorylation of N‐Silylpyrroles with Phosphorus Tribromide
Authors: Chaikovskaya Aleksandra A. , Dmytriv Yurii V. , Pinchuk Aleksandr M. , Tolmachev Andrei A. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractPhosphorylation of N‐trimethylsilyl‐ and N‐dimethyl‐tert‐butylsilylpyrroles with phosphorus tribromide in pyridine proceeds selectively at position 3 of the pyrrole ring. Removal of the trialkylsilyl protecting group has furnished the first representatives of N‐unsubstituted 3‐phosphorylated pyrroles. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 19:93–96, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20416
Attentional focus moderates habituation–language relationships: slow habituation may be a good thing
Authors: Dixon Wallace E. , Smith P. Hull 
Published: January 2008

AbstractAn interesting paradox in the developmental literature has emerged in which fast‐habituating babies tend to be temperamentally difficult and fast language learners, even though temperamentally difficult babies tend to be slow language learners. The purpose of the present investigation was to examine whether the paradoxical relationships among habituation, temperamental difficulty, and language acquisition could be mediated partly or wholly by infant attentional focus, because the latter also tends to correlate with temperamental difficulty and vocabulary size. Forty mother–infant dyads were followed from child age 5–20‐months. Results replicated those of Tamis‐LeMonda and Bornstein (Child Develop 1989, 60, 738–751): measures of visual habituation at 5 months were related to 13‐month vocabulary. However, relationships between 5‐month habituation and 20‐month vocabulary were moderated by temperamental attentional focus. For children low in attentional focus, 5‐month habituation was related negatively to 20‐month productive vocabulary; whereas for children high in attentional focus, early habituation was positively related to later vocabulary. Results are consistent with a model of habituation in which volitional attentional focus overrides basic attentional mechanisms that occur during habituation. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Early manifestations of childhood depression: influences of infant temperament and parental depressive symptoms
Authors: Gartstein Maria A. , Bateman Alison E. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractIn this longitudinal study, 83 parents of infants between 3 and 12 months completed questionnaires assessing demographic information, infant temperament, and maternal depression. When these children were at least 18 months of age, parents completed follow‐up questionnaires assessing toddler temperament and depression‐like symptoms. We were primarily interested in the contributions of infant temperament and maternal depression to toddler depressive problems, and the analytic strategy involved controlling for toddler temperament in order to isolate the influence of infancy characteristics. The findings indicated that lower levels of infant regulatory capacity and greater severity of maternal depression were predictive of toddler depression‐like symptoms. Moderator effects of infant temperament were also examined, with the negative affectivity * maternal depression interaction emerging as significant. Follow‐up analyses indicated that the risk for early manifestations of depression was attenuated for children with lower negative affectivity in infancy and parents who reported lower levels of their own depressive symptoms; conversely, children exhibiting higher infant negative emotionality had higher levels of depression‐like symptoms as toddlers, regardless of their parents' level of depression. The present findings further suggest that parental depressive symptoms need not be ‘clinically significant’ to predict toddler affective problems. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Clinical relevance of anti‐PR3 capture ELISA in diagnosing Wegener's granulomatosis
Authors: Feng Zhenru , Liu Ping , Li Zhiyan , Sui Baohuan 
Published: January 2008

AbstractWegener's granulomatosis (WG) is one type of systemic small vessel vasculitis and antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) have become an established diagnostic tool for systemic vasculitis. The sensitivity and specificity of anti‐PR3 (proteinase 3) capture enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in diagnosing WG were investigated, as well as the correlation with the indirect immunofluorescence test (IIFT). Sera from 72 patients with WG, 100 disease controls, and 206 healthy blood donors were investigated for anti‐PR3 and cytoplasmic ANCA (cANCA) by anti‐PR3 classic ELISA, anti‐PR3 capture ELISA, and IIFT. The sensitivity of anti‐PR3 classic ELISA and capture ELISA in diagnosing WG was 74% and 87.5% separately. The specificity of the two ELISA was identical (100%). For the combination of IIFT with anti‐PR3 capture ELISA, the sensitivity for WG patients was up to 91.6%. The sensitivity of anti‐PR3 capture ELISA is superior to anti‐PR3 classic ELISA, and the correlation between anti‐PR3 capture ELISA and IIFT is also more superior. For suspected WG, anti‐PR3 capture ELISA and IIFT should be applied in parallel. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 22:73–76, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mass spectroscopic characteristics of low molecular weight proteins extracted from calcium oxalate stones: preliminary study
Authors: Chen Wen‐Chi , Lai Chein‐Cheng , Tsai Yu‐Hsin , Lin Wei‐Yong , Tsai Fuu‐Jen 
Published: January 2008

AbstractIt is believed that boundary compositions of matrix proteins might play a role in stone formation; however, few proteomic studies concerning matrix proteins in urinary stones have been conducted. In this study, we extracted low molecular weight proteins from calcium oxalate stones and measured their characteristic patterns by mass spectroscopy. A total of 10 stones were surgically removed from patients with urolithiasis. Proteins were extracted from the stones and identified by one‐dimensional electrophoresis (sodium dodecyl sulfate buffer [SDS]–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis [SDS‐PAGE]). After in‐gel digest, samples were analyzed by the surface‐enhanced laser desorption ionization‐time of flight (SELDI‐TOF) technique. The peptide sequences were analyzed from the data of mass spectroscopy. Proteins were identified from Database Search (SwissProt Protein Database; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics; http://www.expasy.org/sprot) on a MASCOT server (Matrix Science Ltd.; http://www.matrixscience.com). A total of three bands of proteins (27, 18, and 14 kDa) were identified from SDS‐PAGE in each stone sample. A database search (SwissProt) on a MASCOT server revealed that the most frequently seen proteins from band 1 (27 kDa) were leukocyte elastase precursor, cathepsin G precursor, azurocidin precursor, and myeloblastin precursor (EC 3.4.21.76) (leukocyte proteinase 3); band 2 (18 kDa) comprised calgranulin B, eosinophil cationic protein precursor, and lysozyme C precursor; band 3 (14 kDa) showed neutrophil defensin 3 precursor, calgranulin A, calgranulin C, and histone H4. The modifications and deamidations found from the mass pattern of these proteins may provide information for the study of matrix proteins. Various lower molecular weight proteins can be extracted from calcium oxalate stones. The characteristic patterns and their functions of those proteins should be further tested to investigate their roles in stone formation. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 22:77–85, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparative study between the Ves‐matic and microerythrocyte sedimentation rate method
Authors: Atas Ali , Cakmak Alpay , Soran Mustafa , Karazeybek Himmet 
Published: January 2008

AbstractIn this study, Ves‐matic erythrocyte sedimentation rate and micro‐erythrocyte sedimentation rate methods were compared on 96 subjects mean age 4.9±4.3 years. Ves‐matic erythrocyte sedimentation rate an automated method, and micro‐erythrocyte sedimentation rate method required minimal bloods are various approaches on the erythrocyte sedimentation rate. An important relationship between that the Ves‐matic and micro‐erythrocyte sedimentation rate was revealed. Although there was significantly correlation between these two methods, they are different to use interchangeably. Our study implies that “Micro‐Automated Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate Systems” could be developed which require a few amounts of blood and study automatically. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 22:70–72, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.