bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Printing 3D Metallic Structures in Porous Matrix
Authors: Fan Xiaolin , Wang Xue , Ye Yuanxiang , Ye Ying , Su Yuming , Zhang Yusheng , Wang Cheng 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe fabrication of metallic micro/nanostructures has great potential for advancing optoelectronic microdevices. Over the past decade, femtosecond laser direct writing (FsLDW) technology has played a crucial role in driving progress in this field. In this study, silica gel glass is used as a supporting medium, and FsLDW is employed to reduce gold and palladium ions using 7‐Diethylamino‐3‐thenoylcoumarin (DETC) as a two‐photon sensitizer, enabling the printing of conductive multilayered and 3D metallic structures. How the pore size of the silica gel glass affects the electrical conductivity of printed metal wires is systematically examined. This 3D printing method is versatile and offers expanded opportunities for applying metallic micro/nanostructures in optoelectronic devices.
A Hydrogel Electrolyte with High Adaptability over a Wide Temperature Range and Mechanical Stress for Long‐Life Flexible Zinc‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhang Jingran , Lin Chuyuan , Zeng Lingxing , Lin Hui , He Lingjun , Xiao Fuyu , Luo Luteng , Xiong Peixun , Yang Xuhui , Chen Qinghua , Qian Qingrong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractFlexible zinc‐ion batteries have garnered significant attention in the realm of wearable technology. However, the instability of hydrogel electrolytes in a wide‐temperature range and uncontrollable side reactions of the Zn electrode have become the main problems for practical applications. Herein, N,N‐dimethylformamide (DMF) to design a binary solvent (H2O‐DMF) is introduced and combined it with polyacrylamide (PAM) and ZnSO4 to synthesize a hydrogel electrolyte (denoted as PZD). The synergistic effect of DMF and PAM not only guides Zn2+ deposition on Zn(002) crystal plane and isolates H2O from the Zn anode, but also breaks the hydrogen bonding network between water to improve the wide‐temperature range stability of hydrogel electrolytes. Consequently, the symmetric cell utilizing PZD can stably cycle over 5600 h at 0.5 mA cm−2@0.5 mAh cm−2. Furthermore, the Zn//PZD//MnO2 full cell exhibits favorable wide‐temperature range adaptability (for 16000 cycles at 3 A g−1 under 25 °C, 750 cycles with 98 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 under ‐20 °C) and outstanding mechanical properties (for lighting up the LEDs under conditions of pressure, bending, cutting, and puncture). This work proposes a useful modification for designing a high‐performance hydrogel electrolyte, which provides a reference for investigating the practical flexible aqueous batteries.
Integrating FMI and ML/AI models on the open‐source digital twin framework OpenTwins
Authors: Infante Sergio , Martín Cristian , Robles Julia , Rubio Bartolomé , Díaz Manuel , Perea Rafael González , Montesinos Pilar , Poyato Emilio Camacho 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe realm of digital twins is experiencing rapid growth and presents a wealth of opportunities for Industry 4.0. In conjunction with traditional simulation methods, digital twins offer a diverse range of possibilities. However, many existing tools in the domain of open‐source digital twins concentrate on specific use cases and do not provide a versatile framework. In contrast, the open‐source digital twin framework, OpenTwins, aims to provide a versatile framework that can be applied to a wide range of digital twin applications. In this article, we introduce a re‐definition of the original OpenTwins platform that enables the management of custom simulation services and the management of FMI simulation services, which is one of the most widely used simulation standards in the industry and its coexistence with machine learning models, which enables the definition of the next‐gen digital twins. Thanks to this integration, digital twins that reflect reality better can be developed, through hybrid models, where simulation data can feed the scarcity of machine learning data and so forth. As part of this project, a simulation model developed through the hydraulic software Epanet was validated in OpenTwins, in addition to an FMI simulation service. The hydraulic model was implemented and tested in an agricultural use case in collaboration with the University of Córdoba, Spain. A machine learning model has been developed to assess the behavior of an FMI simulation through machine learning.
Report of the General Committee: 29
Authors: Wilson Karen L. 
Published: March 2024

SummaryDecisions of the General Committee are reported on proposals and requests in Report 74 of the Permanent Nomenclature Committee for Vascular Plants and on two older proposals: 2550 (Plagiomnium) and 2786 (Ipomoea). The General Committee has approved the list of institutional votes for the Nomenclature Section of the XX International Botanical Congress in Madrid.
Morphometric analysis of the skulls of a ram and ewe Romanov sheep (Ovis aries) with 3D modelling
Authors: Güzel Barış Can , İşbilir Fatma 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundWith the development of technology, 2D images have left their place for 3D models. The 3D modelling technique is widely used in plastic surgery, orthopaedic surgery, neurosurgery, traumatology, dentistry and medical education. The skull is important in terms of containing the starting parts of systems with vital functions.ObjectiveThe aim of the study is to reveal the difference between male and female and other species by 3D (three‐dimensional) modelling and craniometric measurements of Romanov heads.MethodsIn our study, skulls of Romanov sheep (10 females and 10 males) older than 1‐year‐old were used. The heads of Romanov sheep were scanned with computed tomography and modelled in 3D.Results and ConclusionsIn the study, it was determined that there was a statistically significant difference between male and female sheep in terms of the largest nose length, facial width, molar row length, viscerocranium length, and foramen magnum height parameters (p < 0.05). It was determined that the greatest width of the foramen magnum measurement parameter and the skull index showed statistically significant differences between the genders at the p < 0.01 level. No statistically significant difference was found in other measurements (p > 0.05). The data obtained as a result of the study will help in the racial discrimination and classification of bones obtained from zoo archaeological excavations.
Toward a common methodological framework for the sampling, extraction, and isotopic analysis of water in the Critical Zone to study vegetation water use
Authors: Ceperley Natalie , Gimeno Teresa E. , Jacobs Suzanne R. , Beyer Matthias , Dubbert Maren , Fischer Benjamin , Geris Josie , Holko Ladislav , Kübert Angelika , Le Gall Samuel , Lehmann Marco M. , Llorens Pilar , Millar Cody , Penna Daniele , Prieto Iván , Radolinski Jesse , Scandellari Francesca , Stockinger Michael , Stumpp Christine , Tetzlaff Dörthe , van Meerveld Ilja , Werner Christiane , Yildiz Oktay , Zuecco Giulia , Barbeta Adrià , Orlowski Natalie , Rothfuss Youri 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe analysis of the stable isotopic composition of hydrogen and oxygen in water samples from soils and plants can help to identify sources of vegetation water uptake. This approach requires that the heterogeneous nature of plant and soil matrices is carefully accounted for during experimental design, sample collection, water extraction and analyses. The comparability and shortcomings of the different methods for extracting water and analyzing isotopic composition have been discussed in specialized literature. Yet, despite insightful comparisons of extraction methods and benchmarking methodologies of laboratories worldwide, the community still lacks a roadmap to guide sample collection, extraction, and isotopic analyses, and many practical issues for potential users remain unresolved: for example, which (soil or plant) water pool(s) does the extracted water represent? These constitute a hurdle for the implementation of the approach by newcomers. Here, we summarize discussions led in the framework of the COST Action WATSON (“WATer isotopeS in the critical zONe: from groundwater recharge to plant transpiration”—CA19120). We provide guidelines for (1) sampling soil and plant material for isotopic analysis, (2) methods for laboratory or in situ water extraction, and (3) measurements of isotopic composition. We highlight the importance of considering the process chain as a whole, from experimental design to isotopic analysis to minimize biased estimates of the relative contribution of different water sources to plant water uptake. We conclude by acknowledging some of the limitations of this methodology and advice on the collection of key environmental parameters prior to sample collection for isotopic analyses.This article is categorized under:
Science of Water > Hydrological Processes
Science of Water > Water and Environmental Change
Science of Water > Water Extremes
Communicating socially acceptable risk judgments: The role of impression information insufficiency in the risk information seeking and processing model
Authors: Fung Timothy K. F. , Lai Po Yan , Griffin Robert J. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic has created uncertainty and controversy around risk‐related issues such as vaccine mandates. People expressing their opinions on these issues to important others, such as employers, may face significant consequences, such as rewards or rejection. Therefore, people may try to find, avoid, or use information in a way that helps them express risk judgments that are socially acceptable in different social situations. This study investigated how people seek, avoid, and process risk information when they are concerned about their impression management. It also introduced the concept of impression information insufficiency (the perceived gap between the information one has and the information one needs to convey socially acceptable judgments and meet interpersonal needs in social situations) and examined its antecedents and outcomes within the risk information seeking and processing model. We conducted an online survey with 1673 Hong Kong adults during the COVID‐19 pandemic. The results showed that fear and social norms related to greater impression information insufficiency, which thereby was associated with biased risk information seeking, avoidance, and processing.
Building Student Agency One Book at a Time
Authors: Froggatt Deborah Lang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe “informationally underserved” are students who learn without access to effective school library pedagogy, which empowers students to engage in the exchange of intellectual content, “essential to the functioning of a democracy” Jaeger and Burnett (New Directions in Information Behavior, Emerald, 2011, p. 165).
A Systemic Approach to Promoting Democratic Education in Schools
Authors: Zahedi Siamack 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDemocratic schools are characterized by an intentional alignment of key systems-level elements, including curriculum that promotes equitable opportunities for learning; a positive work environment driven by the values of transparency and honesty, trust, and collaboration; and distributed leadership that builds stakeholder capacity and provides opportunities to engage in data-driven decision-making and problem-solving.
Good Trouble Report
Authors: Anwar Selam , Daghmouri Shirine , Duverglas Carlie , Erickson Hannah , Friedman-Wellisch Jeremy , Friedman-Wellisch Samantha , Keutsch Yasmina 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSince its founding in the summer of 2020, Good Trouble, a student-run collective, has aimed to amplify the voices of Cambridge students to improve the experiences of students who come after us. In 2022, when Good Trouble hit a roadblock, we turned to our peers, asking them what issues they saw in school that never seemed to be addressed. This led to the creation of our teacher-student feedback cycles.
Introduction
Authors: Hoffmann Andrea Ribeiro , Sandrin Paula , Doukas Yannis E. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis edited volume has two main objectives: the first is to critically analyse and compare the role of regions in addressing environmental and climate change challenges in Europe and Latin America. The second objective is to assess the initiatives developed among these regions and formulate recommendations, contributing, therefore, to the mutual understanding of the issues at stake. Given these objectives, the book is structured in three main sections. In the first section, the authors discuss cooperation and perspectives on climate change within and among the EU and Latin American regional organizations. The second section addresses the challenges to finance development and a ‘greener’ economy in both regions, reflecting on the existing mechanisms and potential innovations. The chapters of the third section critically assess so-called new green solutions to climate change within these two regions, illustrating the challenges of fostering consensus on priorities, and most appropriate mechanisms, policies, and projects on the ground.
Climate Change Cooperation in Latin American Regionalism
Authors: Ribeiro Hoffmann Andrea 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis chapter analyses the norms, agendas, and initiatives implemented by regional organizations in Latin America regarding climate change, and focuses on the Southern Cone Market (MERCOSUR), the Union of South American Nations (UNASUR), the Forum for the Progress and Integration of South America (PROSUR), and the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (CELAC). Drawing on the secondary literature and official documents and the concepts of path dependence and unintended consequences from historical institutionalism, the chapter explores the role that these regional organizations have played so far in addressing climate change, as well as the key actors promoting and hindering environmental and climate change commitments. The conclusions advance recommendations based on the premise that climate change should be a key area in a new cycle of regionalism following the period of paralysis and disintegration that culminated at the end of the decade of 2010s.
An “Aggressive” Cooperation: Environment as a Hot Issue in EU-LAC Relations
Authors: Castiglioni Federico 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe main objective of this chapter is to analyse the significance of environmental concerns in the most recent diplomatic relations between the European Union (EU) and Latin America. The chapter begins with a discussion of theoretical premises addressing the relationship between environmental preservation from the perspective of philosophy of global ethics. The analysis then employs a comparative perspective between the EU and Mercosur to determine if the two regional blocs act as “normative powers” and “ethical agents” in green policies, either in their respective spheres of influence or in international relations. The chapter also analyses the relations between the EU and Latin America, and the EU-CELAC Action Plan. The final section of the article focuses more narrowly on the EU-Mercosur trade agreement, examining the environmental provisions of the agreement and exploring why green policy in particular is dragging down the ongoing negotiations.
The Role of European Investment Bank (EIB) and National and Regional Development Banks in the Green Transformation
Authors: Griffith-Jones Stephany , Carreras Marco 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis chapter examines the important role that can be played by national and regional development banks in the green transformation. Our focus is on the European Investment Bank (EIB), but we argue that EIB’s effective mechanisms to fund the initiatives of the European Green Deal can be diffused worldwide to other regional and national banks, including in Latin America. Carbon shadow carbon pricing, green taxonomy, climate roadmap, and new instruments such as venture debt constitute experiences that can be drawn on by Latin American and other countries.
Climate Change Concerns and the Role of Research and Innovation in the Agricultural Sector: The European Union Context
Authors: Maravegias Napoleon , Doukas Yannis E. , Petides Pavlos 
Published: March 2024

AbstractClimate change poses a challenging and distinct problem for agriculture as it is a sector especially vulnerable because it depends heavily on weather and climate. On the other hand, a considerable portion of global greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) are caused by agriculture itself, both directly and indirectly. Since climate change impacts every region, Development Goal 13 for Climate Change, endorsed by the EU28 and all other UN members in 2015, calls for “urgent action to tackle climate change and its impacts” within the framework of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Responding to the above conditions, the European Union (EU), in the context of the new Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), which is into effect in 2023, aims to foster an agricultural sector that is competitive, resilient, and climate-neutral. The challenges of dealing with the agricultural sector and climate change will be addressed in this chapter, along with the efforts to achieve global climate goals. Finally, the role of research and innovation (R&I) in achieving the above goals and the opportunities and threats involved in the global and the EU context will be addressed.
Hebelpunkte der Kommunalpolitik und -verwaltung zur nachhaltigen Gestaltung lokaler Ernährungssysteme
Authors: Sipple David , Schanz Heiner 
Published: March 2024

ZusammenfassungLokale Ernährungssysteme sind von komplexen Ursache-Wirkungs-Zusammenhängen und Dynamiken geprägt, wie empirische Analysen zeigen. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird ein lokales Ernährungssystem als idealtypisches Kausalschleifendiagramm modelliert und analysiert. Damit lassen sich spezifische Hebelpunkte für die Kommunalpolitik und -verwaltung ableiten, durch deren Ansteuerung kommunale Nachhaltigkeitsziele im Themenfeld Ernährung erreicht werden können.
Odd strength spherical designs attaining the Fazekas–Levenshtein bound for covering and universal minima of potentials
Authors: Borodachov Sergiy 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe characterize the cases of existence of spherical designs of an odd strength attaining the Fazekas–Levenshtein bound for covering and prove some of their properties. We also find all universal minima of the potential of regular spherical configurations in two new cases: the demihypercube on $$S^d$$

S
d

, $$d\ge 4$$

d
≥
4

, and the $$2_{41}$$

2
41

polytope on $$S^7$$

S
7

(which is dual to the $$E_8$$

E
8

lattice).
Collision Resistance from Multi-collision Resistance
Authors: Rothblum Ron D. , Vasudevan Prashant Nalini 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCollision-resistant hash functions ($$\textsf{CRH}$$
CRH
) are a fundamental and ubiquitous cryptographic primitive. Several recent works have studied a relaxation of $$\textsf{CRH}$$
CRH
called t-way multi-collision-resistant hash functions ($$t\text {-}\textsf{MCRH}$$

t
-
MCRH

). These are families of functions for which it is computationally hard to find a t-way collision, even though such collisions are abundant (and even $$(t-1)$$

(
t
-
1
)

-way collisions may be easy to find). The case of $$t=2$$

t
=
2

corresponds to standard $$\textsf{CRH}$$
CRH
, but it is natural to study t-$$\textsf{MCRH}$$
MCRH
for larger values of t. Multi-collision resistance seems to be a qualitatively weaker property than standard collision resistance. Nevertheless, in this work we show a non-blackbox transformation of any moderately shrinking t-$$\textsf{MCRH}$$
MCRH
, for $$t \in \{3,4\}$$

t
∈
{
3
,
4
}

, into an (infinitely often secure) $$\textsf{CRH}$$
CRH
. This transformation is non-constructive—we can prove the existence of a $$\textsf{CRH}$$
CRH
but cannot explicitly point out a construction. Our result partially extends to larger values of t. In particular, we show that for suitable values of $$t>t'$$

t
>

t
′

, we can transform a t-$$\textsf{MCRH}$$
MCRH
into a $$t'$$

t
′

-$$\textsf{MCRH}$$
MCRH
, at the cost of reducing the shrinkage of the resulting hash function family and settling for infinitely often security. This result utilizes the list-decodability properties of Reed–Solomon codes.
A-series agent A-234: initial in vitro and in vivo characterization
Authors: Hrabinova Martina , Pejchal Jaroslav , Hepnarova Vendula , Muckova Lubica , Junova Lucie , Opravil Jakub , Zdarova Karasova Jana , Rozsypal Tomas , Dlabkova Alzbeta , Rehulkova Helena , Kucera Tomas , Vecera Zbyněk , Caisberger Filip , Schmidt Monika , Soukup Ondrej , Jun Daniel 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA-series agent A-234 belongs to a new generation of nerve agents. The poisoning of a former Russian spy Sergei Skripal and his daughter in Salisbury, England, in March 2018 led to the inclusion of A-234 and other A-series agents into the Chemical Weapons Convention. Even though five years have already passed, there is still very little information on its chemical properties, biological activities, and treatment options with established antidotes. In this article, we first assessed A-234 stability in neutral pH for subsequent experiments. Then, we determined its inhibitory potential towards human recombinant acetylcholinesterase (HssAChE; EC 3.1.1.7) and butyrylcholinesterase (HssBChE; EC 3.1.1.8), the ability of HI-6, obidoxime, pralidoxime, methoxime, and trimedoxime to reactivate inhibited cholinesterases (ChEs), its toxicity in rats and therapeutic effects of different antidotal approaches. Finally, we utilized molecular dynamics to explain our findings. The results of spontaneous A-234 hydrolysis showed a slow process with a reaction rate displaying a triphasic course during the first 72 h (the residual concentration 86.2%). A-234 was found to be a potent inhibitor of both human ChEs (HssAChE IC50 = 0.101 ± 0.003 µM and HssBChE IC50 = 0.036 ± 0.002 µM), whereas the five marketed oximes have negligible reactivation ability toward A-234-inhibited HssAChE and HssBChE. The acute toxicity of A-234 is comparable to that of VX and in the context of therapy, atropine and diazepam effectively mitigate A-234 lethality. Even though oxime administration may induce minor improvements, selected oximes (HI-6 and methoxime) do not reactivate ChEs in vivo. Molecular dynamics implies that all marketed oximes are weak nucleophiles, which may explain the failure to reactivate the A-234 phosphorus-serine oxygen bond characterized by low partial charge, in particular, HI-6 and trimedoxime oxime oxygen may not be able to effectively approach the A-234 phosphorus, while pralidoxime displayed low interaction energy. This study is the first to provide essential experimental preclinical data on the A-234 compound.