bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Short and long effects of the COVID‐19 context on oral health‐related quality of life of adolescents
Authors: Pohl Marina Blanco , Noronha‐Ramos Thais Gioda , Knorst Jessica Klöckner , Lito Marcia Farias Pereira , de Araujo Gabriela , Emmanuelli Bruno , Ardenghi Thiago Machado , Tomazoni Fernanda 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimTo assess the immediate and late effects of the COVID‐19 pandemic on the oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL) of adolescents.DesignThis is a longitudinal study performed with adolescents (11–15 years old) from Southern Brazil who were evaluated before the COVID‐19 outbreak, and 3 (T2) and 15 (T3) months after the beginning of the pandemic. OHRQoL was assessed using the CPQ11‐14. Sociodemographic and clinical variables were also collected. Changes in OHRQoL before, 3 and 15 months after the start of the pandemic were analyzed through multilevel Poisson regression models for repeated measures.ResultsA total of 290 adolescents were evaluated at T1, 207 were re‐evaluated at T2, and 204 at T3. Overall CPQ11‐14 scores over follow‐ups were 11.0 (SD 8.0) at T1, 8.3 (SD 7.8) and 12.8 (SD 8.8) at T3. Compared to T1, adolescents presented 29% lower overall CPQ11‐14 scores (IRR 0.71 95% CI 0.66–0.75) at T2, and 11% higher scores at T3 (IRR 1.11 95% CI 1.05–1 0.17), especially for the emotional and social well‐being domains.ConclusionCOVID‐19 pandemic impacted the adolescents' OHRQoL differently over time, indicating a reduction in impacts immediately after the beginning and worsening over long term exposure to this scenario.
Awareness of dental complications with oral piercings
Authors: Masood Manal , Walsh Laurence J. , Zafar Sobia 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate knowledge and awareness of dental complications with oral piercings among adults with oral piercings, a control population with no piercings and body‐piercing professionals in South‐East Queensland, Australia.MethodsParticipants recruited from public and private dental clinics and body‐piercing professionals from piercing centres in the same region completed questionnaires to assess knowledge and attitudes.ResultsRespondents comprised 54 pierced individuals, 54 controls and 35 body‐piercing professionals. Only 13% of the pierced group were informed about oral piercing‐related complications, and 14% of body‐piercing professionals did not warn their clients about long‐term complications. The latter included chipped teeth (26%) and gingival recession (15%). About 76% play with their piercing, developing teeth grinding (15%), jaw clenching (15%) and sleep disturbances (4%). Interestingly, 41% of those with oral piercings advised others against getting piercings.ConclusionsThere is a lack of awareness about dental‐related complications among pierced individuals and body‐piercing professionals. A significant proportion of pierced individuals advise others against getting piercings. Body piercers do not consistently advise clients about risks associated with oral piercings. Thus, it is recommended that programmes be developed to improve awareness of oral and dental complications associated with oral piercings.
A method of genetic transformation and gene editing of succulents without tissue culture
Authors: Lu Jinghua , Li Shanshan , Deng Shuai , Wang Mugui , Wu Yinghuang , Li Ming , Dong Jinsong , Lu Suhui , Su Chunli , Li Guofu , Lang Zhaobo , Zhu Jian‐Kang 
Published: March 2024

SummarySucculents, valued for their drought tolerance and ornamental appeal, are important in the floriculture market. However, only a handful of succulent species can be genetically transformed, making it difficult to improve these plants through genetic engineering. In this study, we adapted the recently developed cut‐dip‐budding (CDB) gene delivery system to transform three previously recalcitrant succulent varieties – the dicotyledonousKalanchoe blossfeldianaandCrassula arborescensand the monocotyledonousSansevieria trifasciata.Capitalizing on the robust ability of cut leaves to regenerate shoots, these plants were successfully transformed by directly infecting cut leaf segments with theAgrobacterium rhizogenesstrain K599. The transformation efficiencies were approximately 74%, 5% and 3.9%–7.8%, respectively, forK. blossfeldianaandC. arborescensandS. trifasciata. Using this modified CDB method to deliver the CRISPR/Cas9 construct, gene editing efficiency inK. blossfeldianaat thePDSlocus was approximately 70%. Our findings suggest that succulents with shoot regeneration ability from cut leaves can be genetically transformed using the CDB method, thus opening up an avenue for genetic engineering of these plants.
A dual pathway model of remote work intensity: A meta‐analysis of its simultaneous positive and negative effects
Authors: Gajendran Ravi S. , Ponnapalli Ajay R. , Wang Chen , Javalagi Anoop A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAs the COVID‐19 pandemic wanes, many organizations are asking employees to return to the office concerned that more extensive remote work could hurt employee morale and productivity. Employees, however, prefer to work remotely because of the flexibility it provides. In light of such competing perspectives, we conducted a meta‐analysis examining remote work intensity's (RWI) effects on employee outcomes. RWI refers to the extensiveness of remote work ranging from one or two days a week to full‐time remote work. We propose a dual pathway model linking RWI to employee outcomes arguing that it has indirect but opposing effects on the same outcomes via two mediators—perceived autonomy and isolation. Findings from a meta‐analysis of RWI's effects based on 108 studies (k = 110, N = 45,288) support the dual pathway model. Allaying organizational concerns about remote work, RWI had overall small but beneficial effects on multiple consequential employee outcomes including job satisfaction, organizational commitment, perceived organizational support, supervisor‐rated performance, and turnover intentions. We also conducted a meta‐analysis of the effects of remote work use (RWU), a binary construct taking on two values—remote workers (users) versus office‐based workers (non‐users of remote work). Findings from the RWU meta‐analysis based on 62 studies (k = 63, N = 41,904) suggest that remote workers generally have better outcomes than their office‐based colleagues. Altogether, findings suggest that remote work offers modest upsides with limited downsides—even for those who spend more time working away from the office.
The effect of human menopausal gonadotropin and equine chorionic gonadotropin on the reproductive performance of treated ewes with short‐term progesterone injections and sponge during the non‐breeding season
Authors: Sorkh Shahram Dehghani Ghale , Mirzaei Abdolah , Zeyghami Abbas 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study investigated the effect of human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) on reproductive efficiency of synchronized ewes with the sponge and progesterone (P4) injection‐based protocols. In study 1, anoestrous ewes (n = 120) were used. Sixty ewes were treated with sponge (S) for 12 days. The injection of eCG (SeCG group, n = 30) or hMG (ShMG, n = 30) was given at the time of sponge removal. Thirty ewes received IM injection of P4, three times every 48 h and the injection of hMG was given 24 h after the third P4 injection (3PhMG group, n = 30), and 30 ewes were used as control group. Pregnancy was diagnosed on day 50 after the release of ram. In study 2, 60 ewes were randomly divided into two equal groups. In the treated group with antibiotics (n = 30), before inserting, the sponges were impregnated with the antibiotic penicillin G sodium (5,000,000 IU) and in the control group (n = 30), there was no added antibiotics. Before inserting and after removing sponges, a vaginal cytology sample was taken with a sterile cotton swab. The number of neutrophils in each sample was counted and analysed. The rate of oestrus and total pregnancy was greater in SeCG (96.7, 93.3%), ShMG (82.8, 93.1%) and 3PhMG (67.9, 89.3%) groups compared with the control group (13.8, 41.4%) (p < .05). No significant difference was found in single, twin and total lambing and pregnancy rates after injection of eCG and hMG during the non‐breeding season (p > .05). A higher percentage of control ewes had the vaginal smear with neutrophils more than 50% (96.7% vs. 76.7%; p < .05). In conclusion, a single dose of hMG can induce fertile oestrus in synchronized ewes with P4 administered by either injection or intravaginally. Purulent discharge and percentage of neutrophils were significantly reduced in the synchronized ewes by the impregnated sponges with the antibiotic penicillin.
Analysing the genetic diversity and population structure of five native Turkish cattle breeds using SNP data
Authors: Bayraktar Mervan , Cebeci Zeynel , Gökçe Gökhan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe conservation and sustainable utilization of cattle genetic resources necessitate a comprehensive understanding of their genetic diversity and population structure. This study provides an analysis of five native Turkish cattle breeds: Anatolian Black (ANB), Turkish Grey (TUR), Anatolian Southern Yellow (ASY), East Anatolian Red (EAR), and South Anatolian Red (SAN) using 50 K SNP data. These breeds were compared with three European breeds, Simmental (SIM), Holstein (HOL), and Jersey (JER), and three Asian Zebu breeds: Arabic Zebu (ZAR), Nelore (NEL), and Red Sindhi (RSI). Genetic diversity indices demonstrated moderate heterogeneity among the breeds, with TUR exhibiting the highest observed heterozygosity (Ho = 0.35). Wright's Fst values indicated significant genetic differentiation, particularly between Turkish breeds and both European (Fst = 0.035–0.071) and Asian breeds (Fst = 0.025–0.150). Principal component analysis distinguished the unique genetic profiles of each breed cluster. Admixture analysis revealed degrees of shared genetic ancestry, suggesting historical gene flow between Turkish, European, and Asian breeds. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) attributed approximately 58% of the variation to population differences. Nei's genetic distances highlighted the closer genetic relatedness within Turkish breeds (distance ranges between 0.032 and 0.046) and suggested a more relative affinity of TUR with European breeds. The study's phylogenetic assessments elucidate the nuanced genetic relationships among these breeds, with runs of homozygosity (ROH) analysis indicating patterns of ancestral relatedness and moderate levels of inbreeding, particularly evident in Turkish breeds. Our findings provide valuable insights into the genetic landscape of Turkish cattle, offering a crucial foundation for informed conservation and breeding strategies aimed at preserving these breeds' genetic integrity and heritage.
Impact of China on commodity exporters
Authors: Chatterjee Arpita , Saraf Richa 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe compare the effect of a domestic shock in China and the US on the real economy and financial markets of various commodity‐exporting countries. To obtain a reliable indicator for China's macroeconomic conditions, we estimate a Bayesian dynamic factor model using block‐exclusion restrictions to identify a China factor and a US factor from monthly macroeconomic data for China and the US. We, then, assess the implications of a negative shock to both factors on the macroeconomy of a commodity‐exporting nation using Bayesian FAVARs based on recursive identification. A negative China shock leads to output loss and a fall in stock prices in these countries. China shock affects the output of only a subset of countries in our sample compared to the US shock, which affects all countries. China shock has a larger, quicker and more persistent impact on the stock markets of commodity‐exporting countries compared to the US shock. Countries with weaker institutional or business environments experience a larger negative real effect of the China shock, whereas countries with less stable financial systems demonstrate stronger financial effects. Using historical decomposition, we establish a growing role of the China factor over time, in particular for large emerging economies such as Brazil and Russia.
Quality of life, sleep and anxiety status among patients with rosacea in the Yunnan plateau region: A 2‐year retrospective study
Authors: Yang Zhenghui , Zhao Wei , Hu Min , Wu Pan , Zhang Xin , Wang Tingyu , Yao Qiuyan , Hua Piyan , Gu Hua 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the life, sleep quality and anxiety of rosacea patients in Yunnan and the improvement of these aspects after treatment.MethodsA total of 141 patients with rosacea and 123 healthy controls were included in our study. The quality of life, sleep quality and anxiety of patients with rosacea and healthy controls were investigated by the Rosacea Severity Scores (RSSs), the Medical Outcomes Study 36‐item short‐form health survey (SF‐36), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Self‐rating Anxiety Scale (SAS). The quality of life, sleep quality and anxiety of patients with rosacea were assessed again after treatment.ResultsCompared with healthy controls, patients with rosacea had significantly lower physical component scores (PCS) and mental component scores (MCS) but higher PSQI and SAS scores. After treatment, rosacea patients showed significantly higher MCS but lower PSQI and SAS scores. Correlation analysis showed a significant correlation between PCS, MCS, PSQI, SAS and RSSs.ConclusionsPatients with rosacea have a lower quality of life and sleep quality and tend to be more anxious than healthy controls. In addition, the mental quality of life, sleep quality and anxiety of rosacea patients can be significantly improved after treatment. Therefore, it is important to pay attention to the psychological status of rosacea patients. Psychological counseling and intervention are necessary to better prevent and treat rosacea.
Genetic insights into the gut microbiota and risk of facial skin aging: A Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Chen Mulan , Che Yuhui , Liu Mengsong , Xiao Xinyu , Zhong Lin , Zhao Siqi , Zhang Xueer , Chen Anjing , Guo Jing 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundA growing number of experimental studies have shown an association between the gut microbiota (GM) and facial skin aging. However, the causal relationship between GM and facial skin aging remains unclear to date.MethodsWe conducted a two‐sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the potential causal relationship between GM and facial skin aging. MR analysis was mainly performed using the inverse‐variance weighting (IVW) method, complemented by the weighted median (MW) method, MR‐Egger regression, and weighted mode, and sensitivity analysis was used to test the reliability of MR analysis results.ResultsEleven GM taxa associated with facial skin aging were identified by IVW method analysis, Family Victivallaceae (p = 0.010), Genus Eubacterium coprostanoligenes group (p = 0.038), and Genus Parasutterella (p = 0.011) were negatively associated with facial skin aging, while Phylum Verrucomicrobia (p = 0.034), Family Lactobacillaceae (p = 0.017) and its subgroups Genus Lactobacillus (p = 0.038), Genus Parabacteroides (p = 0.040), Genus Eggerthella (p = 0.049), Genus Family XIII UCG001 (p = 0.036), Genus Phascolarctobacterium (p = 0.027), and Genus Ruminococcaceae UCG005 (p = 0.012) were positively associated with facial skin aging. At Class and Order levels, we did not find a causal relationship between GM and facial skin aging. Results of sensitivity analyses did not show evidence of pleiotropy and heterogeneity.ConclusionOur findings confirm the causal relationship between GM and facial skin aging, providing a new perspective on delaying facial aging.
An Analytical Framework for Cross‐border Regional Innovation Ecosystems: The Case of Shenzhen–Hong Kong Cross‐border Region
Authors: Zhao Yanan , Lyu Lachang , Grimes Seamus 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn cross‐border regions (CBRs), especially in Cross‐Border Regional Innovation Systems (CBRISs) research, proximity has traditionally served as the primary framework for measuring cross‐border integration and supports the view that the closer the proximity on both sides of the border in terms of physical, functional, cognitive, institutional and other dimensions, the more integration is fostered. Recently, however, this view has been questioned, with both theoretical studies of ‘related varieties’ and empirical results from specific cross‐border cases challenging the adequacy of the proximity framework as a singular dimension for analysing CBR integration. To bridge this knowledge gap, this paper expands the proximity framework to four dimensions of relational proximity, innovation ecological environment integration, complementary advantages and common goals from the perspective of innovation ecosystem, builds an analytical assessment framework of cross‐border regional innovation ecosystem (CBRIE), and conducts an empirical analysis of the Shenzhen–Hong Kong CBR. The results show that the framework accounts well for the development of CBRIEs. Furthermore, the exchange of innovation factors between Shenzhen and Hong Kong has made greater progress and accelerated, and is moving towards building an innovation ecosystem. However, they have not yet formed a complete CBRIE.
The Bayliss–Starling Prize Lecture: The developmental physiology of spinal cord and cortical nociceptive circuits
Authors: Fitzgerald Maria 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWhen do we first experience pain? To address this question, we need to know how the developing nervous system processes potential or real tissue‐damaging stimuli in early life. In the newborn, nociception preserves life through reflex avoidance of tissue damage and engagement of parental help. Importantly, nociception also forms the starting point for experiencing and learning about pain and for setting the level of adult pain sensitivity. This review, which arose from the Bayliss–Starling Prize Lecture, focuses on the basic developmental neurophysiology of early nociceptive circuits in the spinal cord, brainstem and cortex that form the building blocks of our first pain experience.
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Turbulent Pulsating Convective Flow in the Quasi-Steady and Low-Frequency Regimes
Authors: Banerjee Ayan Kumar 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The instantaneous and time-averaged dynamics of turbulent pulsating convective pipe flow is investigated experimentally over Strouhal number, St=3.3×10−4−0.12 that falls in the quasi-steady and low-frequency regimes, pulsation amplitude, βb=0.05−0.2, and bulk Reynolds numbers, Reb=7528−10,920. The analytical expressions for pulsation amplitudes of centerline velocity, bulk velocity, and Nusselt number are derived. The time series of oscillating components of centerline velocity (Uc˜), cross-sectionally averaged bulk velocity (Ub˜), and Nusselt number (Nu˜) depicts that the phase differences between Uc˜, and Ub˜, and between Ub˜, and Nu˜ increase with St nonmonotonically with near zero phase difference at St→0. The time-averaged pulsating Nusselt number Nu¯ is invariant of St for St &gt; 0.01. Nu¯ depends marginally on βb. The relative mean Nusselt number, Nur=Nu¯/Nus&lt;1 for Reb≥8885 and Nur&gt;1 for Reb = 7528. The general observations from this study is that, in the quasi-steady and low-frequency regimes, turbulent pulsating flows leads to marginal changes in the time-averaged Nusselt number Nu¯ compared to the time-averaged Nusselt number Nus in steady flow condition at any Reb.
Numerical Investigation of Elastomeric Solid Cutting: Enhancing Cut Initiation for Minimally Invasive Biological Tissue Cutting
Authors: Satake Urara , Sambe Ryutaro , Enomoto Toshiyuki 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Minimizing tissue damage during blade cutting is vital for optimal surgical outcomes. However, the elastomeric properties of tissues require that they be considerably deformed before cut initiation, resulting in physical damage. Thus, the blade indentation depth required for cut initiation must be reduced by enhancing the cut-initiation ability of a process. In this study, factors that influence the cut initiation of elastomeric solids are identified by investigating the tensile stress states beneath the blade that trigger cut initiation. Finite element simulations are used to analyze interfacial interactions between the blade and workpiece and their relation to the stress states. Results show that the distribution of the in-plane stretch of the workpiece surface along the blade surface plays a key role in determining the stress states and the resulting cut-initiation ability. The effects of process parameters, including interfacial friction, blade tip geometry, blade motion, and workpiece size, are examined and discussed by analyzing the corresponding in-plane surface stretch distribution. This study offers a fundamental understanding of cut initiation in elastomeric solid cutting for improving surgical cutting tasks.
Reduced peptidoglycan synthesis capacity impairs growth of
E. coli
at high salt concentration
Authors: Alodaini Dema , Hernandez-Rocamora Victor , Boelter Gabriela , Ma Xuyu , Alao Micheal B. , Doherty Hannah M. , Bryant Jack A. , Moynihan Patrick , Moradigaravand Danesh , Glinkowska Monika , Vollmer Waldemar , Banzhaf Manuel 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Gram-negative bacteria have a thin peptidoglycan layer between the cytoplasmic and outer membranes protecting the cell from osmotic challenges. Hydrolases of this structure are needed to cleave bonds to allow the newly synthesized peptidoglycan strands to be inserted by synthases. These enzymes need to be tightly regulated and their activities coordinated to prevent cell lysis. To better understand this process in
Escherichia coli
, we probed the genetic interactions of
mrcA
(encodes PBP1A) and
mrcB
(encodes PBP1B) with genes encoding peptidoglycan amidases and endopeptidases in envelope stress conditions. Our extensive genetic interaction network analysis revealed relatively few combinations of hydrolase gene deletions with reduced fitness in the absence of PBP1A or PBP1B, showing that none of the amidases or endopeptidases is strictly required for the functioning of one of the class A PBPs. This illustrates the robustness of the peptidoglycan growth mechanism. However, we discovered that the fitness of ∆
mrcB
cells is significantly reduced under high salt stress and
in vitro
activity assays suggest that this phenotype is caused by a reduced peptidoglycan synthesis activity of PBP1A at high salt concentration.

IMPORTANCE

Escherichia coli
and many other bacteria have a surprisingly high number of peptidoglycan hydrolases. These enzymes function in concert with synthases to facilitate the expansion of the peptidoglycan sacculus under a range of growth and stress conditions. The synthases PBP1A and PBP1B both contribute to peptidoglycan expansion during cell division and growth. Our genetic interaction analysis revealed that these two penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) do not need specific amidases, endopeptidases, or lytic transglycosylases for function. We show that PBP1A and PBP1B do not work equally well when cells encounter high salt stress and demonstrate that PBP1A alone cannot provide sufficient PG synthesis activity under this condition. These results show how the two class A PBPs and peptidoglycan hydrolases govern cell envelope integrity in
E. coli
in response to environmental challenges and particularly highlight the importance of PBP1B in maintaining cell fitness under high salt conditions.