bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Copyright, text & data mining and the innovation dimension of generative AI
Authors: Tyagi Kalpana 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The rise of Generative AI has raised many questions from the perspective of copyright. From the lens of copyright and database rights, issues revolve not only around the authorship of AI-generated outputs, but also the very process that leads to the generation of these outputs, namely the process of text and data mining (TDM). Does unauthorized TDM process infringe the economic rights of the rightholders? How does the TDM-debate transform and transmute in the age of Generative AI? Generative AI tools create works that substitute the content creators whose very work that they learn from, and successively improvise themselves with every iteration. Generative AI, thus, also presents larger policy question as they substitute the romanticized human author that sits at the centre of copyright. In addition, as Generative AI tools, such as ChatGPT, can now also crawl the web, questions thus transcend the frontiers of copyright, and touch upon innovation and competition in the market for web browsers. This research article contemplates on the foregoing issues, and makes some recommendations to create a balanced framework, whereby incentives to innovate are preserved, and the interests of the human author are suitably safeguarded in the age of TDM and Generative AI.
Rosemary essential oil potentiates the antitumour activity of 5-fluorouracil in human colorectal carcinoma cells
Authors: El Sala Amine Ali , Khawaja Ghada , Khalil Mahmoud , Salam Sherine Abdel 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Improving response rates in colorectal cancer (CRC) is an urgent clinical need. This study aimed to explore the synergistic action of Lebanese rosemary essential oil (REO) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in HCT116 CRC cells.

Methods
We tested the cell viability of monotherapy and combination therapy. The combination index was calculated using CompuSyn software to evaluate drug–drug interactions and the level of synergistic cytotoxicity. We also evaluated cell migration and cytopathology. Furthermore, cell apoptosis-related proteins (i.e. Bax and Bcl-2) were measured by Western blot analysis.

Key findings
The REO/5-FU combination synergistically reduced cell viability, effectively decreased cell migration, and increased the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio in HCT116 cells. This triggered a proapoptotic morphology and initiated an apoptotic cascade in HCT116 cells, as indicated by a higher Bax/Bcl-2 ratio.

Conclusions
Our results provide evidence of the REO/5-FU combination as a better approach to improve 5-FU anticancer efficacy and allow the use of lower 5-FU doses due to the adjuvant effect of REO.
Development of pollinated and unpollinated ovules in Ginkgo biloba: unravelling the role of pollen in ovule tissue maturation
Authors: Muto Antonella , Talarico Emanuela , D’Apice Greta , Di Marzo Maurizio , Moschin Silvia , Nigris Sebastiano , Babolin Nicola , Greco Eleonora , Araniti Fabrizio , Chiappetta Adriana , Colombo Lucia , Baldan Barbara , Bruno Leonardo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In gymnosperms such as Ginkgo biloba, the arrival of pollen plays a key role in ovule development, before fertilization occurs. Accordingly, G. biloba female plants geographically isolated from male plants abort all their ovules after the pollination drop emission, which is the event that allows the ovule to capture pollen grains. To decipher the mechanism induced by pollination required to avoid ovule senescence and then abortion, we compared the transcriptomes of pollinated and unpollinated ovules at three time points after the end of the emission of pollination drop. Transcriptomic and in situ expression analyses revealed that several key genes involved in programmed cell death such as senescence and apoptosis, DNA replication, and cell cycle regulation were differentially expressed in unpollinated ovules compared to pollinated ovules. We provide evidence that the pollen captured by the pollination drop affects auxin local accumulation and might cause deregulation of key genes required for the ovule’s programmed cell death, activating both the cell cycle regulation and DNA replication genes.
Behavioral KSA Intervention Class to Boost Positive Airway Pressure Adherence Among Active Duty Military Personnel With Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: Ee Juliana S , Pham Christopher K , Shaha David P , Mounts Charles W , Dogbey Godwin Y , Pogorzelski Nina 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a treatable cause of daytime sleepiness and associated medical problems that can negatively impact soldier readiness and performance. This study examined adherence to positive airway pressure (PAP) by soldiers who were newly diagnosed with OSA and prescribed PAP therapy and participated in a Knowledge, Skills, and Attitudes (KSA) behavioral intervention class.

Materials and Methods
The KSA was a one-time, interactive 90-minute class attended by up to 10 patients per class. PAP adherence was examined using Medicare standard at 30-, 60-, 90-, and 180 days post class. The analytic sample comprised 379 active duty patients (93% men; mean age 40.21 ± 8.06) categorized into 3 groups: KSA (n = 235), did not show (DNS; n = 61), and mandatory education class (MEC; n = 83). The MEC group comprised patients from an education class in a previous year.

Results
Baseline scores on the apnea hypopnea index, body mass index, sleepiness, insomnia severity, and age were non-significant among the 3 groups. At 30 days, significantly more patients in KSA (48%) and MEC (51%) were adherent than the DNS group (16%). At 60 days, the adherence rates for the KSA, DNS, and MEC were significantly different at 39%, 22%, and 27%, respectively. At 90- and 180 days, the adherence rates among the KSA, DNS, and MEC groups did not differ significantly at 34%, 17%, and 26% (90 days) and 34%, 27%, and 25% (180 days), respectively. Consistently, more patients in KSA were adherent than those in DNS and MEC, except at 30 days. Additionally, adherence rates for KSA intervention declined more gradually over the 6 month period. The mean PAP usage on nights used was 4.6 hours that computed to a 34% non-use rate based on an optimal 7-hour/night sleep time.

Conclusion
KSA could be a behavioral intervention that enhances PAP adherence with a booster session implemented at the 90 days mark.
Tucidinostat Plus Exemestane as a Neoadjuvant in Early-Stage, Hormone Receptor-Positive, Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Zhao Hongmeng , Li Dan , Li Qian , Zhang Bin , Xiao Chunhua , Zhao Ying , Ge Jie , Yu Yue , Jia Yumian , Guo Xiaojing , Cao Xuchen , Wang Xin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
To assess the efficacy and safety of tucidinostat plus exemestane as a neoadjuvant strategy in early-stage breast cancer.

Methods
This prospective, open-label, single-arm phase II trial enrolled patients with stage II-III breast cancer with hormone receptor-positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative. Eligible patients received tucidinostat plus exemestane, and then breast-conserving surgery (BCS) or modified radical mastectomy.

Results
Among 20 enrolled patients, 3 of them achieved preoperative endocrine prognostic index (PEPI) score of 0. Additionally, complete cell cycle arrest was observed in 7, radiologic objective response rate in 10, and disease control rate in 20 patients, pathological complete response in 1 patient, and 5 patients performed BCS. Ki67 suppression from baseline to surgery was observed in 17 of patients, with the Ki67 change ratio of −73.5%. Treatment-emergent adverse event included neutropenia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, lymphopenia, hypoalbuminemia, aspartate aminotransferase elevation, glutamyl transpeptidase elevation, anemia, and alanine aminotransferase elevation.

Conclusions
Despite the rate of PEPI score 0 was not high, tucidinostat plus exemestane as a neoadjuvant therapy might be well tolerated and showed promising clinical responses in patients with early hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer. To clarify the safety and efficacy of this strategy, further investigation is warranted.

Clinical Trial Registration
ChiCTR2100046678.
Lifestyle interventions in the management of systemic sclerosis: a systematic review of the literature
Authors: Parodis Ioannis , Tsoi Alexander , Gomez Alvaro , Chow Jun Weng , Girard-Guyonvarc’h Charlotte , Stamm Tanja , Boström Carina 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objectives
We aimed to investigate the efficacy of lifestyle interventions for the management of SSc.

Methods
We searched the MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science and CINAHL databases in June 2021. We included studies conducted on five or more patients with SSc published between 1 January 2000 and the search date evaluating lifestyle interventions, excluding systematic reviews without meta-analyses. Critical appraisal was conducted using critical appraisal tools from the Joanna Briggs Institute. Thirty-six studies were included for full-text evaluation.

Results
A total of 17 studies evaluated the effect of physical exercise alone, whereas 14 studies evaluated educational interventions for mental health management, often with physical exercise as a central component. At an aggregated level, these studies support patient education and physical exercise for the improvement of physical function, in particular hand and mouth function. Studies on diet and nutrition were few (n = 5) and pertained to gastrointestinal as well as anthropometric outcomes; these studies were insufficient to support any conclusions.

Conclusion
Physical exercise and patient education should be considered for improving physical function in patients with SSc. These interventions can be provided alongside pharmacotherapy, but there is no evidence supporting that they can be a substitute. Further research should aim at assessing the effects of reductions of harmful exposures, including tobacco smoking and alcohol, improving sleep and enhancing social relations, three hitherto underexplored facets of lifestyle in the context of SSc.
Antibacterial and antioxidant bifunctional hydrogel based on hyaluronic acid complex MoS2–dithiothreitol nanozyme for treatment of infected wounds
Authors: Lu Yongping , Kang Weiqi , Yu Yue , Liang Ling , Li Jinrong , Lu Haiying , Shi Ping , He Mingfang , Wang Yuemin , Li Jianshu , Chen Xingyu 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Wound repair is a complex physiological process that often leads to bacterial infections, which significantly threaten human health. Therefore, developing wound-healing materials that promote healing and prevent bacterial infections is crucial. In this study, the coordination interaction between sulfhydryl groups on dithiothreitol (DTT) and MoS2 nanosheets is investigated to synthesize a MoS2–DTT nanozyme with photothermal properties and an improved free-radical scavenging ability. Double-bond-modified hyaluronic acid is used as a monomer and is cross-linked with a PF127-DA agent. PHMoD is prepared in coordination with MoS2-DTT as the functional component. This hydrogel exhibits antioxidant and antibacterial properties, attributed to the catalytic activity of catalase-like enzymes and photothermal effects. Under the near-infrared (NIR), it exhibits potent antibacterial effects against gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli), achieving bactericidal rates of 99.76% and 99.42%, respectively. Furthermore, the hydrogel exhibits remarkable reactive oxygen species scavenging and antioxidant capabilities, effectively countering oxidative stress in L929 cells. Remarkably, in an animal model, wounds treated with the PHMoD(2.0) and NIR laser heal the fastest, sealing completely within 10 days. These results indicate the unique biocompatibility and bifunctionality of the PHMoD, which make it a promising material for wound-healing applications.
An updated meta-analysis of the anti-methanogenic effects of monensin in beef cattle
Authors: Cooke Reinaldo F , Eloy Lidiane R , Bosco Sheila C , Lasmar Pedro V F , de Simas José M C , Leiva Tiago , de Medeiros Sergio R 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMeta-analyses were performed to quantitatively summarize the effects of monensin on in vivo methane (CH4) production in beef cattle, and differentiate these outcomes according to dietary management, dose of monensin, and length of monensin supplementation. Data from 11 manuscripts describing 20 individual studies were used, and CH4 was converted to g/d when required. Studies were classified according to dose of monensin (mg/kg of diet dry matter), length of monensin supplementation prior to the last CH4 measurement, feeding management (ad libitum vs. limited-fed), and diet profile (high-forage or high-concentrate diets). Variance among studies were assessed using a χ² test of heterogeneity and calculated using I² statistics. The inclusion of monensin decreased (P &lt; 0.01) CH4 production by 17.5 g/d when all studies were analyzed together. A moderate (P &lt; 0.01) heterogeneity (I² = 55%) was detected for CH4 production estimates between studies; thus, meta-analyses were performed within classes. The reduction in CH4 differed (P &lt; 0.01) according to dose of monensin, as it decreased (P &lt; 0.01) by 25.6 g/d when the high recommended dose range was used (32 to 44 mg/kg), and tended to decrease (P ≤ 0.07) by 9.7 and 13.5 g/d when the moderate (≤31 mg/kg) and above recommended (≥45 mg/kg) doses were used, respectively. The reduction in CH4 also differed (P &lt; 0.01) according to the length of monensin supplementation. Monensin decreased (P ≤ 0.05) CH4 production by 24.3 g/d when supplemented for &lt;15 d, by 15.4 g/d when supplemented from 23 to 33 d, by 24.3 g/d when supplemented from 52 to 79 d, and tended to decrease (P = 0.06) CH4 production by 3.21 g/d when supplemented from 94 to 161 d. The reduction in CH4 did not differ (P = 0.37) according to diet profile, despite a 30% difference in reduction when monensin was added to high-forage (20.89 g/d) compared with high-concentrate diets (14.6 g/d). The reduction in CH4 tended to differ according to feeding management (P = 0.08), decreasing by 22.9 g/d (P &lt; 0.01) when monensin was added to diets offered ad libitum, and by 11.5 g/d (P = 0.05) in limit-fed diets. Collectively, this study provides novel insights and further corroborates monensin as CH4 mitigation strategy in beef cattle operations. The most effective responses were observed during the first 79 d of monensin supplementation, and when monensin was included between 32 to 44 mg/kg of diet, was added to high-forage diets, and added to diets fed ad libitum.
Evaluation of a human papillomavirus vaccination training implementation in clinical and community settings across different clinical roles
Authors: Maynard Grace , Akpan Idara N , Meadows Rachel J , Fulda Kimberly G , Patel Divya A , Leidner Virginia , Taskin Tanjila , Gehr Aaron W , Lu Yan , Matches Sarah , Thompson Erika L 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Improving human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is a national priority but uptake declined following the coronavirus pandemic. A strong predictor of HPV vaccination in the USA is a strong provider recommendation. Therefore, we developed a brief, asynchronous training on HPV vaccine recommendations in clinical and community settings as part of a multisite quality improvement initiative. This paper aims to describe the implementation and initial outcomes of the training provided. A 20-minute training on HPV vaccine bundled recommendations, motivational interviewing, and brief responses to patient concerns (Communicating about HPV vaccination to Adults and Teens; HPV CHAT) was implemented at seven safety-net clinics, two practice-based research network clinics, and nine county immunization clinics. We integrated training with clinical care teams; thus, we assessed immediate training outcomes across their different clinical roles compared to pre-training. In April–May 2022, HPV CHAT training was launched. One hundred eighty-seven people participated in the training and completed the pre-/postevaluation surveys. Knowledge about the HPV vaccine guidelines improved with notable changes in correctly reporting vaccine eligibility (P &lt; .05). A significant change in participants’ confidence when addressing safety concerns and answering questions about the HPV vaccine (clinicians, 26.8% and 17.1%; nurses, 29.0% and 23.2%, and clinical staff, 18.2% and 37.7%) was observed. At post-test, more than 85% of clinicians and nurses reported their plan to routinely recommend the HPV vaccine. This quality improvement initiative demonstrated implementation feasibility of a brief HPV vaccine training that improved provider and clinical staff knowledge, confidence, and intention to routinely recommend HPV vaccination.
Functional Disorders of the Ileal-Anal Pouch: A Systematic Review
Authors: Church James 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND:
The ileal pouch-anal anastomosis is a boon to patients needing proctocolectomy but maintains per anal function through anatomic and physiologic compromises. The state of pouch function is hard to define as pouch anatomy is not normal and pouch physiology is a distortion of normal defecation. Patients with pouches develop multiple symptoms; some expected, some disease related, and some the result of surgical complications. It is important to understand the cause of pouch related symptoms so that the appropriate management is offered.

OBJECTIVES:
Review pouch symptoms and discuss their likely cause. Review the literature on pouch function and dysfunction and provide clarity to the confusion.

DATA SOURCES:
PubMed and Cochrane database search using the terms “ileoanal pouch function” and “ileoanal pouch dysfunction.”

STUDY SELECTION:
A total of 553 articles from 1983 to 2023 from “ileoanal pouch function” and 178 from “ileoanal pouch dysfunction” were reviewed. Nine studies appeared under both headings. Case studies, duplicate publications, and articles concerning pouch diseases were excluded.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
Definitions of pouch function and dysfunction, methods of describing and scoring symptoms, understanding of expected changes in pouch function given the nature of the surgery.

RESULTS:
Twenty-seven studies were reviewed from the ileoanal pouch dysfunction search, and 38 from ileoanal pouch function. 3 studies tried to define normal pouch function, 10 attempted to measure pouch function, and 4 aimed at scoring pouch function. Only 3 papers addressed pouch physiology.

CONCLUSIONS:
Most studies of pouch function and dysfunction don’t consider expected changes in the physiology of defecation that follow restorative proctocolectomy. This means that most studies of pouch function produce conclusions that lack an important dimension. See symposium video.
A 15% Trichloroacetic Acid + 3% Glycolic Acid Chemical Peel Series Improves Appearance of Hand Lentigines: An Evaluator-Blinded, Split-Hand Prospective Trial
Authors: Alajmi Ali , Niaz Ghassan , Chen Christine , Lee Kachiu 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND:
Improving the appearance of lentigines on the hands is a key component to hand rejuvenation. Soft tissue fillers revolumize hands, but do not address pigmentary changes. OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the effiacy of a 15% trichloroacetic acid (TCA) + 3% glycolic acid (GA) combination peel in improvement of appearance of hand lentigines.

METHODS
A prospective evaluator-blinded, split-hand study was performed using a 15% TCA + 3% GA peel to treat patients with hand lentigines. Subjects received a total of 3 treatments at 4-week intervals on 1 hand, with the other hand serving as an untreated control. Final photographs were taken 12 weeks after the last treatment. Two blinded board-certified dermatologists graded improvement in hand lentigines using a 5-point scale.

RESULTS
Eighteen of 20 patients completed the study (90%). The mean age was 64.4 years (SE 1.6, range 51–71). The mean pain scores were 3.8 (SE 0.4) on a 10-point scale (1 = no pain, 10 = extremely painful). Blinded evaluators correctly identified the after-treatment photographs in 16 patients (88%). Physician and patient-graded mean improvement of lentigines was significant for treated versus control hands (p < .01). No adverse events were noted.

CONCLUSION
A series of three 15% TCA + 3% GA peels are effective and safe in the treatment of hand lentigines.
Hidradenocarcinoma: A Case Series From the Scripps Clinic With a Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Kent Steven , Jeha George M. , Qiblawi Sultan , Malinosky Hannah , Greenway Hubert T. , Kelley Benjamin 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND
Hidradenocarcinoma (HAC) is a rare adnexal carcinoma. To the best of the authors' knowledge, there are no published systematic reviews on HAC.

OBJECTIVE
To incorporate a case series from the authors' institution and systematically integrate reported information to provide a reference tool for optimization of diagnosis and management.

METHODS
A comprehensive MEDLINE search was conducted from database inception to 2021 using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. This yielded 225 studies with 165 cases of HAC. References of included articles were also searched. In addition, 9 patients with HAC were identified from the authors' institution over the past 10 years.

RESULTS
The mean age of HAC presentation is 60 years with a slight male predilection (60%). The head and neck is the most commonly affected region. Over 36% of cases either presented with metastatic disease or went on to metastasize. The most common treatment type was wide local excision, followed by Mohs micrographic surgery.

CONCLUSION
Early detection with accurate histologic interpretation is prudent in all cases of HAC. Wide local excision is the current first-line treatment. However, Mohs micrographic surgery offers complete marginal analysis with evidence of reduced risk of metastasis and better outcomes compared with wide local excision. Currently, there are no National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines for the treatment of HAC, and consensus guidelines are limited to tumor and nodal metastasis staging provided by the American Joint Committee on Cancer, eighth edition. Thus, this case series and systematic review integrates important aspects of diagnosis, workup, and management of HAC.
The Effect of Pushing Rate on Foam Stability in the Tessari Method
Authors: Azmoun Sajjad , Liu Yiran , Bian Kai , Chen Anwei , Liu Shaohua 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND
The Tessari method is commonly used in sclerotherapy for producing foam, involving 2 syringes pushed back and forth 20 times with the use of a 3-way connector. Many factors affect the foam stability which is crucial for clinical efficacy.

OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to identify the optimal pushing rate which may impact the foam stability.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Polidocanol (POL) solution (1% and 3%) was used to make sclerosant foam via the Tessari method, with a total of 20 pushes performed at different time durations: 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40 seconds. The foam stability was recorded using foam half-life time (FHT), and the pushing pressure to the syringe was recorded using a self-made electric device. Both FHT and the pressure among different groups were compared respectively.

RESULTS
The FHT was decreased as pushing duration exceeding 20 seconds in POL 1% and 15 seconds in POL 3%. Both the highest FHT and pressure point were located in the 10-second group.

CONCLUSION
It is recommended to complete 20 back-and-forth passages within 10 seconds to create stable foam.