bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of polygenic risk score and childhood adversity experiences on transdiagnostic symptom dimensions at first-episode psychosis: evidence for an affective pathway to psychosis
Authors: Alameda Luis , Pérez Victoria , Forti Marta di , Spinazzola Edoardo , Trotta Giulia , Arango Celso , Arrojo Manuel , Bernardo Miguel , Bobes Julio , Gayer-Anderson Charlotte , Del-Ben Cristina Marta , Sideli Lucia , Jones Peter , Kirkbride James , Cascia Caterina La , Tripoli Giada , Ferraro Laura , Barbera Daniele La , Lasalvia Antonio , Tosato Sarah , Llorca Pierre Michel , Menezes Paulo , Os Jim van , Rutten Bart , Santos Jose , Sanjuan Julio , Selten Jean-Paul , Szöke Andrei , Tarricone Ilaria , Tortelli Andrea , Velthorst Eva , Johgsma Hannah E. , Vassos Evangelos , Quattrone Diego , Murray Robin , Aas Monica 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background Childhood adversity is associated with various clinical dimensions in psychosis; however, how genetic vulnerability shapes the adversity associated psychopathological signature is yet to be clarified.
Methods Using data from the EU-GEI study, in 376 First Episode Psychosis (FEP) cases, we evaluated the interaction between polygenic risk scores for schizophrenia (SZ-PRS), bipolar disorder (BD-PRS) and major depressive disorder (MDD-PRS), and childhood adversity on the transdiagnostic clinical dimensions of psychosis (positive, negative, depressive, and manic). The moderating effect of high, intermediate, and low PRSs on the relation between childhood adversity and psychotic dimensions was examined.
Results: No analysis remained significant after adjusting for Bonferroni correction (p<0.004). However, a trend-level interaction was observed between levels of childhood adversity and MDD-PRS on the predominance of depressive (β=.12, p=.005), and positive dimension (β=.15, p=.006). No association was observed for BDD-PRS. For SZ-PRS, a trend-level negative interaction was observed for the manic dimension (β=-.17, p=.006). All analyses were adjusted for age, sex, 10 PCA, and country of recruitment.
Conclusions This underpowered study suggests that genetic liability for MDD may have a differential effect on the relationship between childhood adversity and psychotic symptom dimensions. This supports the hypothesis of an affective pathway to psychosis in those exposed to childhood adversity; findings should be replicated in independent samples.
E-Booster Uganda: Towards an Inclusive Digital Economy in Uganda Through Provision of ICT Services to The Underserved and Unserved Communities
Authors: Abaho Ernest , Aguma Dennis , Beronda James , Nkambwe Ismael , Obang Hanington , Kituyi Geoffrey Mayoka 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

e-Booster Uganda 2023 was a project of Uganda Communications Commission implemented by Makerere University Business School between April 2023 and November 2023.We conducted interviews as well as a survey on Information and Communications Technology solutions from various sectors. A review of reports and academic publications related to access to communication services in Uganda was made with a focus on the nature of challenges and solutions that have been made by different actors.
Findings reveal that Uganda has a wide digital divide based on geographical location, particularly between the rural and urban where there is a 70% difference in favour of the urban communities and businesses with only 9% of Ugandans living in rural areas having access to the Internet. It was also found that 60% of the urban people are poor and live in slums hance causing more need for inclusion in the programme.
It is concluded that increased access to and the usage of ICT services is critical for the attainment of National Development Plans including but not limited to the Parish Development Model where the underserved and unserved can be easily reached through ICTs by and in supporting the monitoring of government programmes through promotion and information sharing to those communities and sectors.
Cross Cultural Adaptation of Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire for Hospital Workers With Low Back Pain
Authors: Eleje Chiedozie Uchenna , Mba Chidinma Goodness 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Low back trouble is one of the major work related musculoskeletal disorders that result to disability among workers. Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) can serve as an inexpensive instrument for the identification and assessment of musculoskeletal symptoms, especially low back pain in formal and informal sector workers. Therefore, the aim of this study is to cross-culturally adapt NMQ to Igbo version to eliminate this limitation and to evaluate test-retest validity, criterion related validity and construct validity.
Methods
45 Hospital orderlies were interviewed with both the standard and translated Igbo version of NMQ while 45 hospital orderlies marched for age and sex were interviewed with only the translated Igbo version. One week wash out period was given before re-administering the instrument on the hospital orderlies with Low back pain. Paired sample t-test was used to analyze the result.
Results
Results showed no significant correlation in test-retest validity (r2 = 0.10; p < 0.005) and criterion validity (r2 = 0.7; p < 0.005) in of the Igbo version of NMQ. Whereas, the construct validity had no significant correlation.
Conclusions
The Igbo version of the NMQ has an unacceptable reliability and validity.
Ethical Issues Concerning Orthodontic Treatment Among Orthodontists in A Sample from Saudi Arabia: A Pilot Study
Authors: Shammary Nawaf H Al , Alshammari Abdulrahman K. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Ethics is based on moral principles that should be the foundation for every healthcare decision, however, ethical concepts at many times cannot be easily defined in the given scenario. There are several instances where a practicing clinician is often confused about making a proper decision despite maintaining integrity and professionalism. The objective of the present study was to explore the ethical dilemma concerning orthodontic treatment among orthodontists practicing in Saudi Arabia.
Method
This was a questionnaire-based cross-sectional study that was adapted from the scenarios of ethical dilemmas presented by Jerrold in 1998. Ten orthodontists from each province of Saudi Arabia were conveniently selected for participation in this study and the questionnaire were sent through email and their responses were analyzed.
Results
A total of 37 responses were obtained (out of 130) with a response rate of 28.46%. Among them 23 were female and 14 were male. Most of the participants belonged to the age group 30–39 years and most of them have clinical experience of more than 5 years. There was a wide variation in the responses among the participants in all the scenarios presented. The median likelihood of getting similar scenarios in their clinical practice in Saudi Arabia ranged from 3 to 3.5.
Conclusion
There was a wide variation in the opinion among the practicing orthodontists in Saudi Arabia in the scenarios presented. The presented scenarios are less likely to be perceived in the local context and some new situations of ethical dilemmas are identified.
Berberine Chloride Mitigates Cerebellar Damage in Global Cerebral Ischemia: A Comprehensive Study with stereological analysis, evaluation the Antioxidant response and Locomotor Function in Rat Models
Authors: Mehboodi Dariush , Shahedi Abbas , Namavar Mohammadreza , Yadegari Maryam , Mazaheri Fahime 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Global cerebral ischemia (GCI) leads to significant oxidative damage in the cerebellum, which mainly affects Purkinje cells. This study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of Berberine chloride (BBR), a compound known for its antioxidant properties against GCI. 42 adult male Wistar rats were divided into three groups: Sham, GCI, and GCI+BBR. Rats received BBR (50mg/kg) 7 days before and 6 hours after inducing GCI via bilateral common carotid artery occlusion for 20 minutes. And assessed for locomotor activity by open field test, cerebellar biochemical factors malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), Glutathione peroxidase (GPx), cerebellum volume and Purkinje neuron count by stereological analysis.The BBR treatment reduced the concentration of MDA(P<0.0001) and increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes SOD, CAT and GPx (P<0.0001, P<0.001 and P<0.001, respectively) in the cerebellum compared to the GCI group. Stereological analysis revealed higher Purkinje cell count (P<0.0001), cerebellum (P<0.001), white matter (P<0.01), and grey matter (P<0.0001) volume in the GCI+BBR group compared to the GCI group. Furthermore, GCI+BBR showed enhanced locomotor function compared to the GCI group. BBR showed therapeutic benefits and improved locomotor function, Showcased antioxidative effects by lowering MDA levels, boosting enzymatic activities, and significantly mitigating Purkinje cell death and cerebellar volume loss.
Climate Trends and Future Projections: Analyzing Temperature and Precipitation Patterns in the Guwahati Region.
Authors: Tiwari Suraj , Kashyap Priyam , Tamang Santosh , Immanuel Jose 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The climatic dynamics of the Guwahati region have been scrutinized through a comprehensive analysis of precipitation and temperature trends. Historical precipitation data from IMD (1990-2014) and CMIP6 projections (2015-2050) under diverse scenarios (SSP126, SSP370, SSP585) were employed, revealing a positive trend in precipitation. The monsoon trend analysis underscored seasonal variations, portraying a nuanced picture of potential shifts in rainfall patterns during June, July, August, and September. On the temperature front, annual analyses for maximum and minimum temperatures, utilizing ERA5 data (1990-2014) and CMIP6 projections, identified the hottest and coolest years. For instance, the CanESM5 model projected a maximum temperature of 40.03°C under SSP126 in 2043. The statistical analyses, particularly the Mann-Kendall test and p-values, provided robust measures of the trends' significance, offering a quantitative basis for decision-making. In conclusion, the region exhibits a positive precipitation trend with implications for water resource management and ecological sustainability. The identification of extreme temperature values aids in anticipating potential challenges associated with climatic variations. Statistical significance values enhance the reliability of findings, contributing to informed decision-making for adaptive strategies in the face of an evolving climate. These insights are vital for fostering resilience and sustainable development in the Guwahati region.
Characterization of the eXTP-LAD collimators
Authors: Zhao Zijian , Luo Tao , Ceraudo Francesco , Feroci Marco , Li Longhui , Wang Jian , Xu Yupeng , Liu Hongwei , Zhu Yuxuan , Zhang Yifan , Hou Dongjie , Yang Xiongtao , He Huilin , Zhang Shuang-Nan , Lu Fangjun , Wang Yusa 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry mission (eXTP) is a nextgeneration flagship X-ray astronomy satellite currently in phase-B study. The large Area Detector (LAD) on board eXTP contains 40 modules, each consisting of a set of 4×4 large area SDDs and 4×4 collimators, and has a designed effective area of 3.0 m2 at 8 keV and a Field of View (FoV) of 1°. To achieve such a large effective area, the collimator’s Open Area Ratio (OAR) should be greater than 70%. In this paper, we introduce the measurement methods used to determine the OAR and the rocking curve (angular response) of the LAD collimator at the 100-m X-ray Test Facility (100XF) of the Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP) in Beijing, and report the results of the collimators manufactured under different conditions. The measured OARs of the collimators are usually smaller than the theoretical values by a few percent, which is due to the non-uniformity and irregularity of the pores. The measured rocking curves are usually broader than the theoretical triangular curves, and the lower the energy of the incident X-ray the broader the rocking curve. This broadening of the rocking curve is the result of reflection on the inner wall of the pores. Our results also show that increasing the etching time in the manufacturing of the collimators can increase the OARs but does not change significantly the shape of the rocking curves.
CONCORD: Enhancing COVID-19 Research with Weak-Supervision based Numerical Claim Extraction
Authors: Shah Dhwanil , Shah Krish , Jagani Manan , Shah Agam , Chaudhury Bhaskar 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The COVID-19 Numerical Claims Open Research Dataset (CONCORD) is a comprehensive, open-source dataset that extracts numerical claims from academic papers on COVID-19 research. To extract numerical claims, a weak-supervision based model is employed, leveraging its white-box, explainable nature and advantages over transformer-based models in terms of computational and manual annotation costs. Labelling functions are used to programmatically generate labels, incorporating techniques like pattern matching, external knowledge bases, phrase matching, and third-party models. An aggregator function reconciles overlapping or contradictory labels. The weak-supervision model is evaluated against established baselines and transformer based models, achieving a weighted F1-score of 0.932 and micro F1-score of 0.930 in extracting numerical claims.While the weak-supervision model showcases superior performance compared to baseline models, it is observed that transformer-based models achieve comparable results.CONCORD, comprising around 200,000 numerical claims extracted from over 57,000 COVID-19 research articles, serves as a valuable tool for knowledge discovery and understanding the chronological developments in various research areas associated with COVID-19. In conclusion, CONCORD, alongside the weak-supervision methodology, offers researchers a valuable resource, enhancing advancements in COVID-19 research while highlighting the significant potential of weak-supervision models within the broader biomedical domain.
Landiolol for heart rate control in patients with septic shock and persistent tachycardia

A multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial (Landi-SEP)
Authors: Rehberg Sebastian , Frank Sandra , Černý Vladimír , Cihlář Radek , Borgstedt Rainer , Biancofiore Gíanni , Guarracino Fabio , Schober Andreas , Trimmel Helmut , Pernerstorfer Thomas , Siebers Christian , Dostál Pavel , Morelli Andrea , Joannidis Michael , Pretsch Ingrid , Fuchs Christian , Rahmel Tim , Podbregar Matej , Duliczki Éva , Tamme Kadri , Unger Martin , Sus Jan , Klade Christoph , Kirchbaumer-Baroian Nairi , Krejcy Kurt , Krumpl Günther , Duška František 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Excessive tachycardia in resuscitated septic shock can impair hemodynamics and worsen patient outcome. We asked whether heart rate (HR) control can be achieved without increased vasopressor requirements by using a titrated highly selective, ultra-short acting β1-blocker landiolol.
Methods
This randomized, open-label, controlled trial was conducted at 20 sites in 7 European countries from 2018 to 2022 and investigated the efficacy and safety of landiolol in adult patients with septic shock and persistent tachycardia. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either landiolol along with standard treatment (n = 99) or standard treatment alone (n = 101). The combined primary endpoint was HR response (i.e. HR within the range of 80 − 94 beats per minute) and its maintenance without increasing vasopressor requirements during the first 24 h after treatment start. Key secondary endpoints were 28-day mortality and adverse events.
Results
Of 196 included septic shock patients, 98 received standard treatment combined with landiolol and 98 standard treatment alone. A significantly larger proportion of patients met the combined primary endpoint in the landiolol group than in the control group (39.8% [39/98] vs. 23.5% [23/98]), with a between-group difference of 16.5% (95% CI: 3.4–28.8%; p = 0.013). There were no statistically significant differences between study groups in tested secondary outcomes and adverse events.
Conclusion
The ultra-short acting betablocker landiolol was effective in reducing and maintaining HR without increasing vasopressor requirements after 24 h in patients with septic shock and persistent tachycardia. Mortality rates and safety were comparable to standard treatment alone.
TRIAL REGISTRATION:
EU Clinical Trial Register; EudraCT Number: 2017-002138-22
The role of lipid metabolism and immune response in the pathogenesis of Ankylosing spondylitis and Primary glaucoma: A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Xu Shenglan , Zhao Liang , Wang Yu-Da , Li Qiu-Yu , Wang Hao-Yu , Wu Xing , Li Jun-Hua 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) is known to be associated with secondary glaucoma, largely due to complications of acute anterior uveitis and corticosteroid use. However, the relationship between AS and primary glaucoma is more complex and has yet to be fully elucidated. To investigate this relationship further, we used the Bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to evaluate the potential causal relationship between AS and primary glaucoma, and further elucidate possible pathogenic mechanisms.
Methods
We estimated the causal effect of ankylosing spondylitis on primary glaucoma using a bidirectional Mendelian randomization approach. In addition to assessing the direct causal link, we also explored the mediation effects of lipid metabolism and immune response. To ensure the robustness of our findings, we supplemented our primary analysis with a series of sensitivity analyses and reverse MR.
Results
Bidirectional Mendelian randomization suggest that AS is related to an increased risk of primary glaucoma (odds ratio: 1.20, 95% confidence interval:1.03–1.40; P = 0.018). Lipid metabolism including very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) (P < 0.01, β < 0), and immune response including platelet count (P < 1.0E-06, β > 0), IgD on unswitched memory B cell (P < 1.0E-06, β < 0), and CD8 on CD39 + CD8 + T cell (P < 0.01, β > 0) appear to mediate the ankylosing spondylitis with primary glaucoma.
Conclusion
Our analysis reveals a significantly increased risk of primary glaucoma in individuals with AS. This heightened risk suggests a complex interaction between AS and primary glaucoma, potentially mediated by factors related to immune response. These findings provide new insights into the pathogenic mechanisms linking these two conditions.
Research on dynamic pricing of self-driving car-hailing
Authors: Zhu Xueyu , Guo Min , Tian Fei 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

In the shared travel platform market, the price uncertainty of new services and the dynamic pricing of the platform may cause passengers to wait strategically in both the trial operation stage and the formal operation stage. When there is an endogenous time preference, passengers will choose their own purchase strategy ( myopic / strategic ), but they will pay additional sunk costs ( strategic costs ) when choosing to become strategic passengers. Based on the theory of consumer utility, a two-stage dynamic game model is constructed. Considering that the platform and passengers can obtain and update the reference price from the historical price at the same time in the formal operation stage, the purchase strategy of passengers with endogenous time preference and its influence on the platform pricing strategy are studied. The results show that the reference price and strategy cost of passengers will affect their purchase strategy and lead to different dynamic pricing strategies. The increase in passenger strategy costs can increase platform profits, consumer surplus, and social welfare at the same time, and will also damage consumer surplus and social welfare while increasing platform profits. In addition, the increase in the credibility of the reference price does not always benefit the platform. When the passenger 's strategic cost and reference price are both high, a more accurate reference price will even damage the platform 's profit and consumer surplus at the same time. Compared with the case of short-sighted passengers, the passenger 's strategy waits for the line.
Impact of precipitation extremes on energy production across the São Francisco river basin, Brazil
Authors: Santos Josielton , Justino Flávio , Rodrigues Jackson 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The Brazilian electrical system (BES) relies heavily on hydrothermal energy, specifically hydroelectric power plants (HPPs), which are highly dependent on rainfall patterns. The São Francisco River Basin (SFRB) is a critical component of the BES, playing a key role in electricity generation. However, climate extremes have increasingly impacted energy production in recent decades, posing challenges for HPP management. This study, explores the relationship between extreme precipitation events in the SFRB and two crucial energy variables: Stored Energy (STE) and Affluent Natural Energy (ANE). We analyze the spatial distribution and trends of 11 extreme precipitation indices and investigate the seasonality, trends, and correlations between these energy variables and the extreme indices. Our findings reveal downward trends in both ANE and STE. Additionally, we identify a seasonal pattern influenced by extreme precipitation rates at various time scales. The results indicate that it is possible to estimate ANE and STE efficiently by employing three machine learning (ML) algorithms (Random Forest, Artificial Neural Networks and k-Nearest Neighbors) using extreme precipitation data. These results offer valuable insights for the strategic planning and management of the BES, aiding in decision-making and the development of energy security.
Prediction and Optimization of The Effect of Ethanol Pre-Treatment on The Tensile Strength of Permanganate Treated Bamboo Fibers
Authors: Makhatha Mamookho Elizabeth , Imoisili Patrick Ehi , Jen Tien-Chien 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

In this study, Natural fibres (NF) from bamboo bundles was modified by first pre-treated with Ethanol, followed by potassium permanganate (KMnO4) in Acetone solution at varied concentrations and time durations. To optimize the influence of ethanol pre-treatment and KmnO4 treatment at varied concentration and duration on the tensile strength (TS) of the modified bamboo fibres (BmF), Response surface methodology (RSM) via Box – Behnken design (BBD), was employed. The treatment parameter greatly effects the TS of the BmF as shown by the surface morphology observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and analysis of variance (ANOVA). The ANOVA reveal the statistically significant of the model at a significance level of P < 0.0001. The optimal predicted conditions by the model were validated by experimental analysis, and result obtained indicated a 98.29% agreement between the model predictions and empirical values, thus affirming the optimum point of these variables. This investigation has demonstrated that utilizing RAM model via BBD approach is an effective way to get ideal values for treated NF mechanical characteristics at a lower cost and in less time for variety of applications, hence conserving time and resources.