bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Persistence of Epstein‐barr viral nuclear antigen (EBNA) in cells entering the eb viral cycle
Authors: Ernberg Ingemar , Masucci Giuseppe , Klein George 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIt was shown by double immunofluor‐escence studies that Epstein‐Barr viral nuclear antigen (EBNA) was preserved in EBV‐infected cells after they had entered the productive viral cycle, as signalled by the appearance of the early antigen (EA) complex. A nuclear component of the EA complex could be clearly distinguished from EBNA with regard to antigenic specificity.
The biology of human cells in tissue culture. I. Characterization of cells derived from osteogenic sarcomas
Authors: Smith Helene S. , Owens Robert B. , Hiller Alan J. , Nelson‐Rees Walter A. , Johnston James O. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe have extensively characterized cell lines derived from six human osteosarcomas. The growth properties of these cultures were compared to those of fibroblastic cultures derived from skin of osteosarcoma patients and skin of bone‐marrow of normal individuals. Each tumor‐derived line showed some but not all of the abnormal growth properties usually associated with malignant transformation, indicating that tumor cells rather than normal stromal cells had in fact been cultured. The parameters measured included saturation density, cell morphology, growth pattern, growth on contact inhibited monolayers of normal flbroblastic or epithelial cells and tumorigenicity in immunosuppressed mice. Although the skin fibroblasts from the osteosarcoma patients appeared normal in vitro, they showed a greater ability to grow in immunosuppressed mice than did normal fibroblasts. This observation suggests that all fibroblasts of osteosarcoma patients may have an increased propensity for malignant transformation.
Temperature‐sensitive DNA repair of ultraviolet damage in human cell lines
Authors: Goss Patricia , Parsons P. G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFollowing exposure to ultraviolet irradiation (UV), two of three human fibroblast strains and one of three melanoma cell lines showed lower rates of thymine dimer excision during 24 h at 40° C than at 36° C. All lines had lower rates at 32° C. Autoradiographic studies of three fibroblast strains and four melanoma lines incubated for four hours after irradiation revealed decreased unscheduled DNA synthesis at 42° C compared with 36° C. The rate of semiconservative DNA synthesis was decreased at the upper temperature in both series of experiments. All eight cell lines tested showed decreased repair at 42° C, as judged by slower sedimentation and increased heterogeneity of parental DNA in alkaline sucrose gradients. Experiments using the DNA synthesis inhibitor Actinomycin D suggested that these effects were due to temperature‐sensitive repair synthesis. In the two lines studied, preincubation of cells at 42° C apparently increased the extent of UV damage. Although by no means conclusive, these results are consistent with the possibility that temperaturesensitive DNA repair is a contributory factor in some cases of solar carcinogenesis.
A cohort study on mortality from cancer and other causes among workers at a metal refinery
Authors: Tokudome Shinkan , Kuratsune Masanori 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA non‐concurrent prospective study was made on deaths from cancer and other causes occurring among 2,675 male workers at a metal refinery from 1949 to 1971. The expected number of deaths computed by applying age‐ and cause‐specific death rates of Japanese males to these workers was compared with the observed number of deaths. Among 839 copper smelters, significantly increased mortalities were noted for lung cancer (SMR = 1,189) and colon cancer, but not for cancer of the stomach, liver (primary) and biliary passages, pancreas and skin or for leukemia, tuberculosis, cerebrovascular diseases, heart diseases and liver cirrhosis. A dose‐response relationship was demonstrated between the mortality from lung cancer and the degree of exposure. A very high excess mortality from lung cancer (SMR = 2,500) was seen among copper smelters who were considered to have been most heavily exposed to arsenic or workers who had engaged in sintering and blast furnace operations for 15 years of more before 1949. The latent period of lung cancer was 37.6 years on average, and not related to level of exposure. Twenty‐six of 29 deaths from lung cancer among copper smelters occurred after they had left the refinery. Other production workers and clerical workers showed no significant excess mortality from any kind of cancer.
Studies on a gross‐virus‐induced lymphoma in the rat. III. Optimisation, specificity and applications of the in vitro immune response
Authors: Bruce J. , Mitchison N. A. , Shellam G. R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractConditions are described for optimal stimulation in vitro of lymphocytes from rats primed in vivo with syngeneic MuLV‐G leukaemia cells. Cultures generate effector cells which show high cytotoxic activity against leukaemic cells. Specific stimulation can be obtained with leukaemic cells and with disrupted MuLV. Leukaemic cells, normal spleen cells and the viron internal protein p30 competitively inhibit effector cells, but purified virus exerts nonspecific inhibition. These findings are interpreted as supporting the hypothesis that virion antigens constitute a major target of anti‐tumour cytotoxic immunity.
Monkey antisera with increased specificity to carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)
Authors: Ruoslahti Erkki , Engval Eva , Vuento Matti , Wigzell Hans 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThree Macaca irus monkeys were immunized with purified human CEA. One received unmodified CEA and two were immunized with haptenated (4‐hydroxy‐5‐iodo‐3‐nitrophenyl acetyl) CEA. All three monkeys formed precipitating antibodies to CEA. The antisera did not precipitate the CEA‐related normal glycoprotein antigen (NCA). In contrast, CEA‐immunized rabbits, sheep and goats invariably form antibodies against NCA. Radioimmunoassays showed the monkey antisera to contain trace amounts of antibodies to NCA but the titers were about 10‐1,000 times lower than those in rabbit and sheep sera with comparable anti‐CEA titers. These results show that monkeys produce antibodies against CEA, but respond weakly to a normal, CEA‐related antigen. The weak response to NCA suggests that monkeys may possess an NCA‐related antigen. Antisera lacking reactivity to normal CEA‐related antigens may be helpful in establishing a more specific diagnostic test for CEA.
Treatment of Burkitt's lymphoma: Randomized clinical trial of single‐agent versus combination chemotherapy
Authors: Olweny Charles L. M. , Katongole‐Mbidde Edward , Kaddu‐Mukasa Albert , Atine Isaac , Owor Raphael , Lwanga Stephen , Carswell W. , Magrath Ian T. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA randomized clinical trial designed to compare the effectiveness of cytoxan (CTX) alone versus a combination consisting of CTX, vincristine (Oncovin) and methotrexate (COM) in the treatment of Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) was carried out. Nineteen patients were selected at random to receive CTX alone while 21 received COM. The two treatment regimens were equally effective in inducing remissions, and complete response rates of 83.3% and 84.3% were observed for CTX‐ and COM‐treated patients, respectively. The relapse frequencies were also equal but the pattern of relapse was clearly different. Seven out of 8 (87.5%) in the CTX group relapsed with systemic and central nervous system (CNS) tumor, while 8 out of 10 (80%) in the COM group relapsed with CNS disease only. This difference is highly significant p = 0.008. The remission durations and survival to date are the same.
Clonal derivatives of a herpes type 2 transformed hamster cell line (333‐8‐9): Cytogenetic analysis, tumorigenicity and virus sequence detection
Authors: Copple Christine D. , McDougall James K. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe characteristics of the Syrian hamster cell line (333‐8‐9), putatively transformed by herpes virus type 2 (HSV‐2), strain 333, have been examined. The line has been cloned and the clones characterized cytogenetically and morphologically. The original line and the clones have been assayed for tumorigenicity and for the presence of herpes‐virus‐specific nucleic acid sequences using in situ hybridization with 125I HSV‐2 DNA. The line 333‐8‐9 is hyperdiploid with a mode of 49 chromosomes and contains a spectrum of cytogenetic marker chromosomes present in varying frequencies. The clones demonstrate a segregation of these marker chromosomes and other abnormal chromosomes. Cloned lines have distinct stem‐cell types with the characteristic abnormal chromosomes present in a high percentage of cells. Some of the marker chromosomes have been identified by Giemsa banding techniques. All the clones have distinctive, persistent in vitro morphologies, ranging from purely epithelial to purely fibroblastic. They differ from the line 333‐8‐9 and between themselves in tumorigenicity, varying from highly tumorigenic to entirely nontumorigenic. Herpes virus 2 specific sequences have been detected in the original cell line and in all but two of the clones. There does not appear to be any obvious correlation between the three parameters of: (1) detection of HSV‐2 information; (2) marker chromosome occurrence; and (3) tumorigenicity.
Prompt elevation of rat serum α‐fetoprotein by acute liver injury following a single injection of ethionine
Authors: Watanabe Akiharu , Taketa Kazuhisa , Miyazaki Masahiro 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe mechanism of increased a‐fetoprotein (AFP) production following a single injection of ethionine was investigated by using rats aged 5 weeks at the time of killing. Marked elevations of serum AFP concentrations occurred within 4 days in both male and female rats after administration of DL‐ethionine or L‐ethionine, although the increased levels of serum AFP and liver triglyceride in the adults were less marked in the male than in the female. No apparent necrosis of liver cells was observed in ethionine‐treated rats. Frequent administrations of adenosine triphosphate after a single dose of ethionine prevented the increases in liver triglyceride and serum AFP levels. The increased concentrations of serum AFP, reaching a maximum level within 4 days, occurred before a slight increase in incorporation of 3H‐thymidine into liver DNA. The serum AFP from ethionine‐treated rats was immunologically and electrophoretically indistinguishable from that of fetal, carbontetrachloride‐treated or hepatoma‐bearing rats. These observations suggest that the increased production of AFP in ethionine‐treated rats is closely associated with hepatic injury and is not the consequence of liver cell regeneration.
Detection of tumor‐associated antigen in human melanoma cell line supernatants
Authors: Grimm Elizabeth A. , Silver Hulbert K. B. , Roth Jack A. , Chee Darwin O. , Gupta Rishab K. , Morton Donald L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSpent tissue culture medium (CDM‐S) removed from a single cell line of human malignant melanoma grown in serum‐free CDM, contained tumor‐associated antigenic activity. Antibodies to CDM‐S measured by complement fixation were detected in 44% (31/70) melanoma, 55% (15/27) sarcoma, 63% (24/38) carcinoma and 15% (11/72) normal sera. Delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions (DCHR) were demonstrated in 4/5 melanoma patients at a 500 μg dose, 3/5 at a 100 μg dose and in 1/7 carcinoma patients at the 500 μg dose. One ml of CDM‐S was shown to contain antigen equivalent to that obtained from the membranes of 2.9 × 107 tissue‐cultured melanoma cells. After purification, 84% (16/19) sera from melanoma patients, 66% (12/18) from sarcoma and carcinoma patients and 8% (2/26) from normal controls were positive to the antigen by complement fixation.
Establishment and characterization of a human histiocytic lymphoma cell line (U‐937)
Authors: Sundström Christer , Nilsson Kenneth 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA human hematopoietic cell line (U‐937) with exceptional characteristics was derived from a patient with generalized histiocytic lymphoma. The morphology of the cell line was identical to that of the tumor cells in the pleural effusion from which the line was derived. Since Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) carrying diploid lymphoblastoid cell lines unrelated to the tumor population often become established in vitro from non‐Burkitt lymphoma explants, several parameters were studied to discriminate the U‐937 from such lines: morphology in vitro, growth characteristics, cytochemistry, surface receptor pattern, Ig production, lysozyme production, β2‐micro‐globulin production, presence of EBV genome and karyotype. In all these respects U‐937 differed from prototype lymphoblastoid cell lines. The histiocytic origin of the cell line was shown by its capacity for lysozyme production and the strong esterase activity (naphtol AS‐D acetate esterase inhibited by NaF) of the cells. It is therefore concluded that the U‐937 is a neoplastic, histiocytic cell line.
Carcinoembryonic antigen‐like substances of human bile. Isolation and partial characterization
Authors: Svenberg Torgny 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThree species of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)‐like macromolecules, called the biliary glycoprotein I, II and III (BGP I, II and III) were identified in human bile. BGP I was found in normal gall‐bladder bile and hepatic bile but not in bile subjected to inflammation (“white bile”). It was immunologically related to CEA and NGP (the “normal CEA‐like glycoprotein”. Synonyms: NCA, CCEA‐2, etc.). BGP I differed immunologically from CEA in that it lacked the tumor‐associated determinants of CEA. It was different from NGP (and CEA) in that it contained BGP I specific determinants as revealed by anti‐BGP I antibodies. In bile from gallbladders with obstructed outlet and subjected to cholecystitis, a non‐malignant inflammatory process, BGP I was replaced by BGP II and BGP III. Immunologically and physicochemically, BGP II and BGP III appeared to be closely similar to NGP and CEA, respectively.
Assessment of cell‐mediated immunity to malignant mesothelioma by microcytotoxicity tests
Authors: Embleton M. J. , Baldwin R. W. , Wagner J. C. , Wagner M. M. F. , Oldham P. D. , Jones J. S. P. , Sheers G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCell cultures were established from pleural effusions of patients with pleural mesothelioma, and peripheral mononuclear effector cells were tested for cytotoxicity against these cells by means of a microcytotoxicity assay. Effector cells were obtained from normal healthy donors and from persons exposed occupationally to asbestos, including apparently healthy persons, patients with benign pleural conditions and patients with malignant mesothelioma. The overall incidence of cytotoxicity was low, and there was no evidence of increased cytotoxicity in mesothelioma patients or other asbestos‐exposed donors. It is concluded that little or no tumour‐directed cellmediated immunity is detectable against malignant mesothelioma by microcytotoxicity methods.
Mortality from cancer of the uterus in canada and its relationship to screening for cancer of the cervix
Authors: Miller A. B. , Lindsay J. , Hill G. B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAge‐standardized death rates at ages 30‐64 from cancer of the uterus in the 10 provinces of Canada have been assessed in 1950‐52, 1960‐62 and 1970‐72, and changes in rates over these periods related to screening for cancer of the cervix and variables derived from the censuses of 1961 and 1971. Death rates at the county and census division level have also been assessed for the provinces of Nova Scotia, Quebec, Ontario, Manitoba and Alberta for 1960‐62 and 1970‐72 and related to screening and census‐derived variables. There is little indication of a contribution of screening to the fall in death rates that occurred in eight of the 10 provinces from 1950‐52 to 1960‐62. There is, however, evidence of an important and significant contribution of the intensity of screening (as indicated by the numbers of cervical cytology examinations conducted in 1966 expressed as a rate per 1,000 female population aged 20 or more) to the fall in death rates at both the provincial and county or census division levels from 1960‐62 to 1970‐72, and this effect is not abolished by taking the census‐derived variables into account. It is concluded that a significant effect of intensity of screening on the reduction in mortality from cancer of the uterus in Canada in the age‐group 30‐64 over the period 1960‐62 to 1970‐72 has been demonstrated.
Rapid development of hyperplastic nodules and cirrhosis in the liver of rats treated concurrently with thioacetamide and the pyrrolizidine alkaloid lasiocarpine
Authors: Reddy Janardan K. , Rao M. Sambasiva , Jago Marjorie V. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPyrrolizidine alkaloids have long been considered to be hepatotoxic in man as well as in grazing animals. To investigate the effect of liver cell division induced by thioacetamide on the hepatic changes induced by these alkaloids, rats were treated concurrently with thioacetamide and the pyrrolizidine alkaloid lasiocarpine. Thioacetamide was given intraperitoneally in a dose of 50 mg/kg b. wt twice weekly and lasiocarpine was administered in the diet at a concentration of 50 ppm. At 15 weeks, the combination of thioacetamide and lasiocarpine produced numerous grossly visible grey nodules in livers of 26 of 30 rats. Microscopically, these livers revealed a severe degree of postnecrotic cirrhosis and numerous hyperplastic nodules. The cells in most nodules were arranged in solid sheets or in a trabecular pattern and showed atypia, mitosis and hyperchromasia. In contrast, there was no evidence of cirrhosis or nodule formation in livers of animals treated with either lasiocarpine or thioacetamide alone. The rapid development of liver lesions in rats treated simultaneously with low doses of lasiocarpine and thioacetamide suggests that cell proliferation accentuates the development of neoplasia.
Human pregnancy‐specific beta1‐globulin and its relation to chorioepithelioma
Authors: Tatarinov Yu. S. , Falaleeva D. M. , Kalashnikov V. V. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHuman serum pregnancy‐specific beta1‐globulin (beta1‐GP) was localized in paraffin sections of placenta and chorioepithelioma of the uterus by indirect immunofluorescence. The structures containing beta1‐GP but not human serum albumin were regarded as specifically associated with beta1‐GP metabolism. Beta1‐GP was found in trophoblastic cells of chorion and Langhans cells of chorioepithelioma. Using the immunoautoradiographic method (I131), we only found beta1‐GP in sera of patients with trophoblastic tumours: in 74.3% of 35 patients with chorioepithelioma and in 80% of 25 patients with hydatidiform mole and destructive hydatidiform mole. The diagnostic and prognostic significance of the immunochemical test for beta1‐GP in trophoblastic tumours is discussed.
AKR leukemia‐specific surface antigens acquired by malignant transformation: Their common and individual specificities
Authors: Okazaki Etsuo , Aoki Tadao , De Kozlowski Steven J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAntisera against five newly established AKR spontaneous leukemias (KSL) prepared by immunization of KSL cells in (C57Bl/6xC3Hf/He)F1 mice were preabsorbed with non‐leukemic AKR lymphoid cells to remove antibodies against virus‐associated surface antigens and alloantigens. In absorption tests the antisera showed no cross‐reaction by immunofluorescence microscopy with thymocyte, fetal, male‐specific H‐Y, E and X.1 antigens; with known Gross murine leukemia virus‐associated antigens; or with cell surface antigens on Friend, Moloney and Rauscher virus‐induced tumors. It was thus shown that the antigens detected were leukemia‐specific, were acquired by malignant transformation, and consisted of two types: (1) a common antigen in all the KSL, and (2) individual antigens found in four of the KSL which showed distinct patterns of partial cross‐reactivity with the other KSL.
The induction of immunity against tumor cell transplantation with a complex of tumor cell surface substance and a serum component found in the Tumor‐Regressor animals
Authors: Egawa Kohji , Tanino Takae 
Published: February 2007

AbstractImmunity against transplantation of MM2 cells, an ascites cell line of mouse mammary carcinoma, was induced in syngeneic C3H/He mice by intraperitoneal injection of a complex formed between a MM2‐specific cell surface component isolated from the cells and a serum factor found in the serum from MM2‐regressor and MM2‐bearing mice. The induced immunity was transferable to other mice with the spleen cells or with the serum from the immunized animals. This cell surface component was not immunogenic by itself. A new immunogenicity was induced in the protein moiety of this substance when the serum factor was bound to the polysaccharidecontaining part of the molecule. On the basis of these results, a biphasic mechanism for the induction of the humoral immunity against tumor antigens was proposed. The first phase takes place in tumorbearing animals and gives rise to the serum factor. The second phase, which is blocked in tumor‐bearing animals, consists of the induction of the humoral immunity by the complex in tumor‐free animals.
Cell line‐specific cell surface components of hypotetraploid ascites mammary carcinoma cells inducing humoral reactions in the syngeneic host
Authors: Tanino Takae , Saito Michiko , Egawa Kohji 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCell‐line‐specific cell surface components were demonstrated on cells of various hypotetraploid ascites cell lines, but not on hyperdiploid cells derived from a mammary carcinoma induced by mammary tumor virus (MTV) in syngeneic C3H/He mice. These substances caused cell‐line‐specific transplantation antigenicity and were identified, together with MTV‐associated substances and tumorassociated embryonic materials, as being the binding sites for tumor cell agglutinating factors found in sera from tumor‐bearing and regressor animals. Particles containing the cell line‐specific substances were released from these cells by hypotonic treatment. They could be purified as a single peak in a sucrose density gradient. They were, however, not dissociated from the MTV‐associated substances. Absorption studies of agglutination activity were extensively used for demonstration of specificity.
Specific sensitization of lymphocytes to tumor antigens by Co‐cultivation with peritoneal cells exposed to such antigens
Authors: Hellström Ingegerd , Hellström Karl Erik 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPeritoneal cells from BALB/c mice were seeded into 50‐mm plastic Petri dishes and exposed either to antigen extracts prepared from individual BALB/c sarcomas having unique tumor‐specific antigens, to similar extracts prepared from 14‐ to 18‐day‐old mouse embryos, or to culture medium only. Lymphoid cells from BALB/c lymph nodes were then added to the peritioneal cells. Following 4‐5 days of co‐cultivation, the lymphoid cells were harvested and tested in a 30 h microcytotoxicity assay for reactivity against tumor cells carrying the respective sensitizing antigens as well as against control cells which consisted of either tumor cells lacking the sensitizing antigens or normal skin fibroblasts. By this approach sensitization to individually unique tumor antigens, as well as to antigens shared by mouse embryos and mouse sarcoma cells, was achieved.