bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neues zu Weichteilsarkomen
Authors: Burkhard-Meier Anton , Berclaz Luc M. , Di Gioia Dorit , Lindner Lars H. 
Published: February 2024

Was ist neu?
Lokalisierte Stadien Die kurative Resektion +/– prä- oder postoperative Strahlentherapie ist die Therapiebasis im lokalisierten Stadium. Bei hohem Rezidivrisiko ist eine neoadjuvante anthrazyklinbasierte Kombinationstherapie, ggf. in Kombination mit regionaler Hyperthermie, zu erwägen.
Metastasiertes Stadium Anthrazykline gelten auch im metastasierten Stadium weiterhin als Standard für die Erstlinientherapie. Anthrazyklinbasierte Kombinationen können je nach Subtyp und Remissionsdruck in Betracht gezogen werden. Zugelassene Zweitlinientherapien sind Trabectedin, Pazopanib (außer beim Liposarkom) und Eribulin (nur beim Liposarkom). Als formal nicht zugelassene Therapie findet häufig eine Kombination aus Gemcitabin und Docetaxel Anwendung.
Gastrointestinaler Stromatumor (GIST) und Desmoid Für fortgeschrittene GIST ist Ripretinib als Viertlinientherapie neu zugelassen. Avapritinib stellt die erste wirksame Systemtherapie bei GIST mit PDGFRA-D842V-Mutation dar. Für Desmoid-Tumore könnte mit Nirogacestat zukünftig eine neue medikamentöse Therapie zur Verfügung stehen.
Immuntherapie und zielgerichtete Therapien Bislang hat sich die Immuntherapie nur vereinzelt als wirksam erwiesen, und es stehen keine validierten Biomarker zur Verfügung. Eine Ausnahme bildet das alveoläre Weichteilsarkom. Hier ist die Immuncheckpunkt-Blockade wirksam, was zur Zulassung von Atezolizumab in den USA geführt hat. Als EZH2-Inhibitor ist Tazemetostat ebenfalls in den USA für Patienten mit epitheloidem Sarkom zugelassen. Für Sarkompatienten mit seltener NTRK-Fusion sind die spezifischen Inhibitoren Larotrectinib und Entrectinib verfügbar und auch in Deutschland zugelassen.
Use of sources of final-year veterinary students to answer clinical
research questions
Authors: Trzebiatowski Lukas , Wehrend Axel 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Objective Until now, sources used by final-year veterinary students to
develop clinical questions have not yet been investigated. Thus, the aim of this
study was to record the use of sources by final-year veterinary students. This
data should assist with the improvement of future veterinary teaching and enable
it to meet the needs of students and veterinarians.
Material and methods For this purpose, the use of sources by 172 students
in the compulsory development of a clinical question was evaluated.
Results The most frequently cited sources were textbooks (37.7%),
lecture notes (27.0%), websites (15.4%), professional articles
(11.8%), scientific papers (7.8%), and, least frequently, the
category of legal texts (0.3%).
Conclusion This study demonstrates that students primarily use sources
with which they are familiar from their studies. Educators should be aware of
this and design their lecture materials accordingly.
Clinical relevance Teaching students competence in the use of scientific
literature is a task for teachers in the future.
Anwendbarkeit, Wiederholbarkeit und Zuverlässigkeit der
deutschen Version der Glasgow Composite Measured Pain Scale – feline
während der Einführungsphase in eine
Kleintierklinik
Authors: Schütter Alexandra , Chorbadzhieva Ana , Kästner Sabine 
Published: February 2024

Zusammenfassung
Gegenstand und Ziel der Studie Ziel der Studie war es, die
Reproduzierbarkeit und Praktikabilität der Anwendung der
deutschsprachigen Version der Glasgow Composite Measured Pain Scale –
feline (GCMPS-F) während der Einführung in den klinischen Alltag
zu überprüfen.
Material und Methode Die Studie bestand aus 2 Teilen, die Teilnahme des
tiermedizinischen Personals war freiwillig. In Teil 1 der Studie wurde ein
Schmerzscore von 45 kranken und 10 gesunden Katzen anhand der felinen GCMPS-F
durch eine Hauptuntersucherin (AC) und 15 Klinikmitarbeiter (alle Untersucher
(all rater)=AR) unterschiedlicher Erfahrungsstufe (Tiermedizinische
Fachangestellte, Anfangsassistent, Assistent, Oberarzt) aus 4 Abteilungen
(Anästhesie, Innere Medizin, Chirurgie, Neurologie) erhoben. In Teil 2
erhielten die Teilnehmer einen Online-Fragebogen, der nach ihren Erfahrungen bei
der Anwendung der GCMPS-F während der systematischen Schmerzbeurteilung
und nach möglichen Verbesserungsvorschlägen fragte. Die
Datenverteilung aus Teil 1 wurde anhand des Shapiro-Wilk-Test und visuell mit
Histogrammen geprüft. Für die Ermittlung der Intrarater- und
Interrater-Reliabilität wurde die Interklassenkorrelation ermittelt.
Teil 2 wurde mit deskriptiven, statistischen Verfahren ausgewertet.
Ergebnisse Die GCMPS-F zeigte eine moderate
Interrater-Reliabilität (ICC
AR
: 0,59) und eine gute
Intrarater-Reliabilität (ICC
AC
: 0,88). Die Ergebnisse
der Schmerzbewertung von internistischen (AR: 3,06±2,33, AC:
3,52±2,34) und chirurgischen Patienten (AR: 3,78±2,38, AC:
4,02±2,72) unterschieden sich nicht signifikant. Alle Kontrolltiere
wurden sicher als „schmerzfrei“ eingestuft (AR:
0,77±0,67, AC: 1,09±0,83). Der Grad der klinischen Erfahrung
hatte keinen Einfluss auf die erhobenen Schmerzwerte. Die GCMPS-F wurde als
einfach anwendbar und als nützliches Hilfsmittel zur Evaluierung
unklarer Schmerzustände angesehen.
Zusammenfassung Die GCMPS-F hatte eine gute Akzeptanz und eine moderate
Interrater-Reliabilität.
Klinische Relevanz Anhand der deutschen Version der GCMPS-F kann das
mögliche Vorliegen von Schmerzen bei Katzen durch
veterinärmedizinisches Personal unterschiedlicher Ausbildungsstufen und
Fachrichtungen einfach und ohne vorausgegangenes, intensives Training evaluiert
werden.
Juvenile Dermatomyositis und andere idiopathische inflammatorische Myopathien des Kindesalters
Authors: Dressler Frank , Hinze Claas 
Published: February 2024

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDie juvenile Dermatomyositis (JDM) ist die häufigste idiopathische inflammatorische Myopathie (IIM) des Kindes- und Jugendalters. Charakteristische Hautveränderungen bei der JDM sind ein symmetrisches Wangenerythem, heliotroper Ausschlag, Gottron-Zeichen sowie Nagelbettgefäßveränderungen. Andere IIM-Formen des Kindesalters sind das Anti-Synthetase-Syndrom (ASyS), immunvermittelte nekrotisierende Myopathie (IMNM) oder Overlap-Syndrome. Bei der Diagnosestellung und Kategorisierung hat die Bestimmung Myositis-spezifischer Antikörper zunehmend Bedeutung. Zur Diagnosestellung werden weitere Parameter und Untersuchungsmethoden wie Muskelenzyme, Immunaktivierungsmarker, Magnetresonanztomografie, Kapillarmikroskopie, Elektromyografie und/oder Haut- oder Muskelbiopsie herangezogen. Je nach klinisch-serologischem Subtyp kann eine weitere Organdiagnostik notwendig sein. Therapeutisch werden Glukokortikoide hochdosiert zur Induktionstherapie und mehrjährig Basistherapeutika wie Methotrexat, Ciclosporin oder andere Immunsuppressiva sowie Immunglobuline eingesetzt. Januskinase-Inhibitoren sind vielversprechend, da sie effektiv Interferon-Signalwege hemmen können. Physiotherapie und Widerstandstraining helfen, Kontrakturen und dem Verlust von Muskelmasse entgegenzuwirken. Die Prognose der IIM hat sich deutlich verbessert, dennoch sind Spätfolgen, wie z. B. eine persistierende Muskelatrophie, Kontrakturen oder Kalzinose relativ häufig.
Internistische Erkrankungen und Zusammenhang mit dem primären
Offenwinkelglaukom
Authors: Voigt Anna Maria , Grabitz Stephanie , Hoffmann Esther Maria , Schuster Alexander K. 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungDas primäre Offenwinkelglaukom (POWG) stellt eine neurodegenerative Erkrankung dar, in
dessen Verlauf es zu einer glaukomatösen Optikusatrophie mit korrespondierenden
Gesichtsfelddefekten kommt. In dieser Literaturübersicht werden Zusammenhänge zu
internistischen Erkrankungen berichtet und die zugrunde liegende Pathophysiologie
diskutiert. Hierbei wird die arterielle Hypertonie und Hypotonie, Diabetes mellitus,
Dyslipidämien, obstruktive Schlafapnoe, chronischer Nierenerkrankung und Migräne
diskutiert sowie Zusammenhänge mit der Einnahme von Medikamenten bei systemischen
Erkrankungen näher betrachten.
Necrotizing Parasagittal Meningioma in Patient with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus after Treatments with Methotrexate and Hydroxychloroquine
Authors: Wangapakul Thitikan , Moguel Ambar Elizabeth Riley , Kayssi Abdel Raouf 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Objective Meningiomas are the most common extra-axial tumors of the central nervous system. Meningiomas are particularly problematic when they invade deep or vital structures, causing the tumors to be inoperable. Nonsurgical adjunctive or salvage treatments to shrink a meningioma with multiple recurrences, located in deep-seated area or surgically unfit area, remain underexplored. The authors report a rare case of a spontaneously necrotic meningioma (World Health Organization [WHO] grade I) in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus on chronic methotrexate and hydroxychloroquine.
Case Study A 29-year-old female with systemic lupus erythematosus had been treated with methotrexate and hydroxychloroquine for 7 years. She presented with episodes of seizures and hemiparesis. Neuroimaging revealed a possible necrotic meningioma in the left parietal parasagittal area. Subsequent intraoperative findings showed lytic tissue of the tumor, and by histopathology results the tumor was classified as WHO grade I with massive necrosis. After craniotomy with tumor removal, the patient's motor function fully recovered without recurrent seizures.
Discussions Necrotizing of small and benign meningioma is rarely found but otherwise interesting. The cause of this phenomenon is not yet understood thoroughly. In this case, we suspected various possible causes such as vasculitis interrupting blood supply, use of immunosuppressive drugs such as hydroxychloroquine or methotrexate, or, less likely, latent infections in the immunocompromised patient. Despite the lack of more evidence supports, this finding encourages further study of nonsurgical or salvage treatment of inoperable meningioma, so sequalae after refractory recurrences of meningioma can be prevented, and patient treatment outcomes can be improved.
Oral Soft Tissue Metastasis from Breast Cancer as the Only Primary Source: Systematic Review
Authors: Aga Nausheen , Shreevats Ruchira , Gupta Sonia , Sandhu Harman , Hassan Muna E.M. , Prajapati Harnisha V. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background Breast cancer is one of the most lethal neoplasms causing death. Oral cavity is the rare site of distant metastasis from breast cancer. Very little research has been conducted to date to analyze breast cancer as the sole primary source of metastasis to the oral soft tissues. The goal of this study was to examine the published cases of oral soft tissue metastasis from breast cancer as the only primary source to date.
Methods An electronic search of the published literature was performed without publication year limitation in PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Science Direct, Embase, and Research Gate databases, using mesh keywords like (“Breast cancer”, OR “Breast carcinoma”) AND (“Metastasis” OR “Metastases”), And (“Oral soft tissues” OR “Tongue” OR “Palate” OR “Tonsil” OR “Buccal mucosa” OR “Floor of mouth” OR “Vestibule” OR “Salivary glands”). We also searched all related journals manually. The reference list of all articles was also checked.
Results Our research revealed 88 relevant papers (September 1967–September 2023) with 96 patients in total. The most predominant oral soft tissues involved were salivary glands followed by the gingiva, tonsils, tongue, and buccal mucosa. A total of 23% of patients died with an average survival time of 1 to 15 months.
Conclusions Oral soft tissue metastasis from breast cancer is a rare event and has a bad prognosis. More cases need to be published to raise awareness of these lesions.
Schmidt's Syndrome: An Uncommon Cause of Spontaneous Hypoglycemia
Authors: Zacharia George Sarin , Jacob Anu , Bose Binu Mary 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSchmidt's syndrome, or autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 2 (APS-2), is an uncommon disorder characterized by the co-occurrence of autoimmune thyroiditis and adrenalitis. APS-2 is defined as a combination of Addison's disease, autoimmune thyroid disease, and/or type 1 diabetes mellitus. It is an autosomal dominantly inherited polygenic disorder with incomplete penetrance; the candidate genes include but are not limited to HLA-DR3, HLA-DR4, CTLA-4, PTPN22, and CD25-IL-2. Autoimmune thyroiditis, often Hashimoto's disease, results in hypothyroidism. Primary adrenal failure results in enhanced secretion of adrenocorticotrophic hormone melanocyte and co-secretion of melanocyte-stimulating hormone, contributing to hyperpigmentation. Mineralocorticoid deficiency results in salt wasting, fatigue and cramps, postural hypotension, and hyperkalemia. Cortisol, an insulin counter-regulatory hormone, plays a pivotal role in maintaining euglycemia; deficiency predisposes to the development of hypoglycemia. We here report a rare presentation of Schmidt's syndrome as hypoinsulinemic hypoglycemia in a middle-aged male patient. Management includes treatment of acute hypoglycemic episodes with glucose or glucagon, long-term glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids for adrenal insufficiency, and thyroid hormone supplements for hypothyroidism. This case report and brief overview aim to contribute to the scientific understanding of Schmidt's syndrome/APS-2. Additionally, here we briefly outline the diagnostic challenges in hypoglycemia evaluation, including the utilization of Whipple's triad and the gold standard supervised 72-hour fast and evaluation for primary adrenal and thyroid insufficiencies.
Clinical Feasibility of Artificial Intelligence-Based Autosegmentation of the Left Anterior Descending Artery in Radiotherapy for Breast Cancer
Authors: Mohan Aditi , Talapatra Kaustav , Sankhe Manoj , Kiron G. , Maniar Priyal , Kolekar Akshat , Kushe Saakshi , Kharote Prashant , Singh Anuradha , Patel Keval , Gupta Aayush , Patel Devarsh , Bardeskar Nikhil , Patkar Deepak 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Introduction Breast cancer is a prevalent global disease, and radiotherapy plays a crucial role in its treatment. However, radiotherapy may lead to cardiac complications, particularly in patients receiving left-sided radiotherapy who may experience increased risks due to toxicity in the left anterior descending (LAD) artery. The manual contouring of the LAD artery is time-consuming and subject to variability. This study aimed to provide an overview of artificial intelligence (AI) based LAD artery contouring, assess its feasibility, and identify its limitations.
Objectives The primary objectives were to evaluate the feasibility of AI-based LAD artery contouring, compare different approaches, and quantify properties impacting accuracy. The secondary objective was to recommend algorithms with greater accuracy.
Materials and Methods A (noncontrast) computed tomography dataset of nine patients with breast cancer was used to analyze the features and behavior of the LAD artery. The functioning of different AI models used for autosegmentation was studied, and the LAD artery imaging features were identified and quantified using the widely used AI models. Additionally, an algorithm to reliably compute interpatient variability in the LAD artery contours was proposed.
Results A lack of distinctive features, diminutive contour size (∼5 pixels on average), and inconsistent position of the LAD artery were observed. The interpatient variability in the LAD artery contours was five to seven times the average size of the contours. The dataset also had a high standard deviation of 28.9 and skewed data distribution.
Conclusions The results indicated that the variable path of the LAD artery and high interpatient variability were the primary reasons for the inability of AI algorithms to have a concordance. Further, the small contour size amplified model inaccuracy. For higher autosegmentation accuracy, an anatomical landmark–based approach is necessary to capture surrounding structures that affect the path of the LAD artery.
Geringe Evidenz – was tun bei nicht spezifischen Rückenschmerzen?
Authors: Schomacher Jochen 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungEs gibt viele Krankheitsbilder und Symptome, bei denen Physiotherapeut*innen auf ihre Erfahrung oder
kollegiale Beratung setzen müssen, weil es keine (klaren) Forschungsergebnisse und daraus abgeleitete
Handlungsempfehlungen gibt. Oft mangelt es an nachgewiesener Evidenz für physiotherapeutische Maßnahmen.
Das macht auch Empfehlungen in Leitlinien unmöglich. Wie gehen Physiotherapeut*innen damit um? Der
Beitrag von Jochen Schomacher zu diesem Thema am Beispiel des nicht spezifischen Rückenschmerzes (nsLBP)
lädt zur (Selbst-)Reflexion und zum fachlichen Diskurs ein. Die Diagnose nsLBP wird oft gestellt, was
dieses Beispiel für das Thema prädestiniert.
Schwindel – ein Syndrom mit vielen Erscheinungsformen
Authors: Saul Ann Kathrin 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungSchwindel ist ein komplexes Thema. Das liegt sicher auch daran, dass der Begriff „Schwindel“ im
deutschsprachigen Raum inflationär benutzt wird. Seine genaue Bedeutung ist oft nicht bekannt. Eine
gemeinsame Begriffsklärung – auch zusammen mit Patient*innen – ist ein erster Schritt zum Erreichen von
Therapiezielen. In diesem Artikel ebenso wie im nachfolgenden Fallbeispiel (Seite 22) liegt der
Schwerpunkt auf dem funktionellen Schwindel.
Physiotherapie bei permanentem Schwindel – ein Fallbeispiel
Authors: Saul Ann Kathrin 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungFallbeispiel: Die 16-jährige Mia (Name von der Redaktion geändert) kommt mit einem permanenten Schwindel
ohne geklärte Ursache in die Physiotherapiepraxis. Apparative Untersuchungen zur Erregbarkeit der
Gleichgewichtsorgane und Lagerungstests bei der HNO-Untersuchung waren ebenso wie eine
Magnetresonanztomografie (MRT) des Gehirns unauffällig.
Synthesis of nano-selenium and its effects on germination and early seedling growth of four crop plants
Authors: Huong Nguyen Thanh , Tung Do Khanh , Ky Vu Hong , Nam Pham Hong , Ngoc Anh Nguyen Thi 
Published: February 2024

In this work, nano-selenium (NSe) with different shapes (wires, rods, and spherical particles) was synthesized by a wet chemical method. These synthesized products were characterized by x-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis, a field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) with an energy dispersive x-ray analyzer, and Raman spectroscopy. FE-SEM images revealed that nanowires with an average diameter of 30–50 nm and length of 3–5 µm, nanorods with lengths of 400–800 nm and diameters of about 20–50 nm, and spherical-shaped nanoparticles (NPs) with diameters ranging from 40 to 60 nm were successfully synthesized. The XRD and Raman analysis confirmed that all the produced NSe samples exhibited hexagonal single-phase crystalline structure with no impurity phase. All three NSe products (SeNWs, SeNRs, and SeNPs) with a concentration range of 25–150 mg/l were used to investigate the impact of shape and concentration on seed germination and seedling vigor of four different crop species, namely, green bean, okra, wheat, and radish. The results revealed that NSe at low concentrations (≤50 mg/l for SeNWs and ≤100 mg/l for SeNRs and SeNPs) can promote seed germination, plant growth, and development of all the studied crop species. However, NSe can adversely affect the growth of plants at higher concentrations (≥75 mg/l for SeNWs).
Haplorchis infections in intermediate hosts from a clonorchiasis endemic area in Meinung, Taiwan, Republic of China
Authors: Wang Jiun-Jye , Chung Lee-Yii , Lee June-Der , Chang Eddy-Essen , Chen Eng-Rin , Chao David , Yen Chuan-Min 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSnails and freshwater fish were examined from four ponds in the Meinung township in which Clonorchis sinensis was known to be endemic 18 years ago. No metacercariae were found in 478 Tilapia nilotica, whereas of 451 Ctenopharyngodon idellus examined, 16.2%, 3.3% and 0.9% were found to be infected with Haplorchis pumilio, H. taichui and Clonorchis sinensis, respectively. In addition, there were some unidentified metacercariae in 12.0% of Ctenopharyngodon idellus examined. Overall, no positive correlation between infection rates and sizes of infected fish was shown. Six species of snails were collected in this survey and two frequently-occurring snails, Melanoides tuberculata and Thiara granifera were commonly infected with H. pumilio. Reasons for the prevalence of Haplorchis species and the absence of Clonorchis sinensis in fish and snail hosts in a previously reported endemic area for human clonorchiasis are discussed.
Affine linking number estimates for the number of times an observer sees a star
Authors: Chernov Vladimir , Maguire Ryan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Affine linking numbers are the generalization of linking numbers to the case of nonzero homologous linked submanifolds. They were introduced by Rudyak and the first author who used them to study causality in globally hyperbolic spacetimes.
In this paper we use affine linking numbers to estimate the number of times an observer sees light from a star, that is how many copies of the star do they see on the sky due to gravitational lensing.
Both experimental and molecular dynamics approaches highlight the central role of interfacial water for radical production by irradiated gold nanoparticles
Authors: Brun Emilie , Tandiana Rika , Gilles Manon , Cheref Yannis , Van-Oanh Nguyen-Thi , Clavaguera Carine , Sicard-Roselli Cécile 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Nanoparticles devoted to improve radiotherapy treatments are an efficient tool if they can induce the formation of deleterious species in the tumor. Their interaction with radiation is responsible for radical production but in spite of the numerous studies mostly with cells, no consensus has been reached about radical formation mechanism. In order to gain knowledge in the physico-chemical step of this phenomenon, we applied a very sensitive test to quantify hydroxyl radicals and electrons produced when gold atoms, organized as nanoparticles or as a salt in solution, are irradiated by keV and MeV photons (x- and γ- rays). The crucial role of interfacial water is suggested to explain the high quantity of radicals measured for nanoparticles. These experimental data were supplemented by classical molecular dynamics simulations, revealing a specific organization of the water hydrogen bonding network at the nanoparticle surface which could be a key component in the mechanism of radical production by irradiated colloidal suspensions.
Controllable single-photon transport mediated by a time-modulated Jaynes–Cummings model
Authors: Li Haozhen , Lan Yang , Zeng Ran , Hu Miao , Xu Mengmeng , Xia Xiuwen , Xu Jingping , Yang Yaping 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Controllable single-photon scattering in a one-dimensional waveguide coupled to a Jaynes–Cummings structure containing a time-modulated two-level atom interacting with a single-mode cavity is investigated. The photon transmission and reflection amplitudes are calculated by using an effective Floquet Hamiltonian in real space. The results show that the coupling between the atom and the cavity mode can dynamically be tuned via periodically modulating the atomic transition frequency. As a consequence, the scattering behaviors of the waveguide photons can be actively manipulated, and a controllable single-photon switch with high on-off ratio could be realized. More interestingly, the switch works well within a wide frequency region, i.e., the transmission of both resonant and off-resonant waveguide photons can be effectively switched on or off with appropriate system parameters. Furthermore, the proposed dynamically tunable switching scheme is robust against atomic dissipation associated with the help of atom-cavity coupling mismatch. Such single-photon device can be used as an elementary unit for various quantum information processing.