bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alpha‐fetoprotein in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after transcatheter arterial embolization
Authors: HSIEH M‐Y. , LU S‐N. , WANG L‐Y. , LIU T‐Y. , SU W‐P. , LIN Z‐Y. , CHUANG W‐L. , CHEN S‐C. , CHANG W‐Y. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractTo assess the usefulness of α‐fetoprotein (AFP) in monitoring treatment effects of transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients, a total of 31 sets of AFP levels after TAE in 21 HCC patients were analysed by linear regression between logarithmic AFP levels and days. Eleven sets of AFP data with poor linear declination were accompanied with poor TAE results except in one patient who had chronic hepatitis with acute exacerbations. Twenty sets of data with good linear declination in the first month after TAE indicated good TAE results. Seven of them showed no evidence of tumour recurrence nor elevated AFP levels within a follow‐up of 6 months. The mean, standard deviation and range of half‐lives of AFP in the non‐recurrent group were 5.0, 1.6 and 2.9–7.2 days, respectively. The others experienced late tumour recurrence that was detected by rebound of AFP levels except one who had another non‐AFP‐secreting HCC. Thus, the results might be used as a reference in monitoring the treatment effects of TAE and the timing selection of repeated TAE.
Diagnosis of gastric adenoma versus early gastric cancer by Bromodeoxyuridine immunohistochemistry from gastric biopsy specimen
Authors: MIWA HIROTO , WADA RYO , ABE HIROSHI , OHKURA RYUICHI , YANG SUNG WOOK , WATANABE HARUO , OGIHARA TATSUO , HAMADA TSUTOMU , SATO NOBUHIRO 
Published: March 2008

AbstractDifferentiation between gastric adenomas and type IIa early gastric cancer by macroscopic and histologic examinations is often difficult. This study has shown that there are differences in the distribution of S‐phase cells in these two types of tumour, and these differences can be exploited to differentiate between them. The distribution of S‐phase cells was assessed by Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) immunohistochemistry using an in vitro BrdU‐labelling method. Biopsy specimens were obtained from 27 lesions (12 adenomas and 15 type IIa early gastric cancers), and the distributions of BrdU‐labelled cells in the tumour thickness as well as in the superficial layer of the tumour were determined. Significant difference was seen in the labelling of the two tumour types with regard to both these parameters. Using the criteria of BrdU immunohistochemisty, the accuracy of differentiation between gastric adenomas and cancers was 88.9%. Therefore, it is concluded in this study that in vitro BrdU labelling is a useful method of diagnosing gastric adenomas and cancers.
Dipeptidyl peptidase IV is down‐regulated in rat hepatoma cells at the mRNA level
Authors: McCAUGHAN G. W. , SIAH C‐L. , ABBOTT C. , WICKSON J. , BALLESTEROS M. , BISHOP G. A. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractDipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP‐IV) is a cell surface ectopeptidase that has been implicated in cell‐extracellular matrix interactions, lymphocyte growth and the regulation of biological peptides. Previous studies have shown that immunostaining for DPP‐IV and DPP‐IV enzyme levels is decreased in hepatoma cells and levels have been correlated with the ability of such cells to adhere in vitro. The aim of this paper was to measure DPP‐IV enzyme levels in rat hepatoma cells and to examine whether changes were associated with alterations at the mRNA level. The results indicate a greater than 90% reduction in DPP‐IV enzyme levels in two rat hepatoma cell lines, HTC and H35, compared with rat hepatocytes. Enzyme levels of the control enzyme leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) were not decreased. mRNA studies indicated that these changes were associated with similar reductions in rat DPP‐IV mRNA. It is concluded that DPP‐IV is markedly reduced at the protein, enzyme and mRNA levels in rat hepatoma cells. The significance of these changes is unclear but may lead to decreased extracellular matrix interactions by such cells.
Selection of patients for liver transplantation
Authors: McCAUGHAN GEOFFREY W. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractLiver transplantation is now available world‐wide. It plays an important role in the treatment of irreversible acute and chronic liver disease (CLD). Selection of patients for liver transplantation is subject to many factors including economic, cultural, availability of donor organs and degree of illness. This article looks at seven general considerations for receipients of liver transplantation. As well, disease‐specific criteria are investigated and include such areas as cirrhosis due to chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) positive cirrhosis, fulminant hepatic failure (FHF), malignancy, alcoholic liver disease (ALD), metabolic conditions and Budd–Chiari syndrome. If hepatic transplantation surivival rates were to approach 95%, the relative risk ratio between transplantation and conservative therapy would increase. At present an 80% 1–5 year survival rate following transplantation should be expected.
Hepatic‐pericardio‐phrenic collateral (natural shunt) in a patient with Budd‐Chiari syndrome
Authors: DILAWARI J. B. , NAGPAL N. , CHAWLA Y. K. , KAUR U. , VERMA J. , BALI H. , DAS K. M. , SURI S. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractHepatic venous outflow tract obstruction, Budd‐Chiari syndrome (BCS), leads to portal hypertension and to the development of collaterals that bypass the obstruction. Described here is a BCS patient with an unusually large transdiaphragmatic collateral between the left hepatic and left innominate veins, which decompressed the oesophageal varices. This has not been reported earlier in the literature.
The protective effect of pyrroloquinoline quinone and its derivatives against carbon tetrachloride‐induced liver injury of rats
Authors: TSUCHIDA TOSHIHIRO , YASUYAMA TOSHIFUMI , HIGUCHI KIYOHIRO , WATANABE AKIHARU , URAKAMI TEIJI , AKAIKE TAKAAKI , SATO KEIZO , MAEDA HIROSHI 
Published: March 2008

AbstractPyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) and its derivative, oxazo pyrroloquinoline (OPQ‐G), protected rats from experimental liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in vivo. This effect was observed after an intraperitoneal injection of 5 mg/kg PQQ or OPQ‐G, which was given twice, 10 min and 1 h before CCl4 administration. Pyrroloquinoline quinone protected primary cultured rat hepatocytes from CCl4 toxicity in vitro. This protection was most effective at a concentration of 3 μmol/L PQQ. Pyrroloquinoline quinone derivatives (oxazo pyrroloquinoline, methyl‐thioethyl oxazo pyrroloquinoline and PQQ‐allylester) also protected the hepatocytes from CCl4 toxicity. Pyrroloquinoline quinone and its derivatives inhibited the lucigenin‐enhanced chemiluminescence from isolated hepatocytes initiated by CCl4. These results suggest that eliminating free radicals is one of the protective mechanisms of PQQ and its derivatives against CCl4‐induced liver injury.
Pertussis toxin‐induced redistribution of cortical actomyosin and inhibition of phagocytosis in rat Kupffer cells
Authors: HIROSE MIYOKO , WATANABE SUMIO , UENO TAKASHI , KITAMI NORIYUKI , SATO NOBUHIRO 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThe mechanism of phagocytosis by Kupffer cells has been shown to be related to the Ca2+ ‐calmodulin and the actomyosin systems. However the role of the transmembrane signal transmitter, G‐protein, is still unknown. In this study, a quantitative evaluation of phagocytosis by Kupffer cells of rats in culture and the effects of pertussis toxin, a G‐protein inhibitor, on the phagocytic function and morphology of Kupffer cells were investigated. Pertussis toxin inhibited phagocytosis of Kupffer cells with dysfunction of the actomyosin system. The inhibitory effects of pertussis toxin suggest that G‐protein may be involved in the mechanism of transmembrane signalling in phagocytosis by Kupffer cells.
Does propranolol maintain post‐sclerotherapy variceal obliteration? A prospective randomized study
Authors: LO GIN‐HO , LAI KWOK‐HUNG , LEE SHOU‐DONG , TSAI YANG‐TE , LO KWANG‐JUEI 
Published: March 2008

AbstractVariceal recurrence and rebleeding are common after initial obliteration by injection sclerotherapy. To investigate whether propranolol can maintain variceal obliteration by sclerotherapy, 59 patients with oesophageal variceal bleeding after sclerotherapy were enrolled. Patients were allocated to propranolol treatment (30 patients) or served as controls (29 patients). After a mean follow up of 2 years and 4 months, 53 patients completed the study. Fifty‐eight per cent of the propranolol group versus 77% of the control group experienced recurrent varices (P= 0.20). Fifteen per cent of the propranolol group versus 11% of the control group developed cardiac varices. Recurrent variceal bleeding was encountered in 27% of the propranolol group and 19% of the control group. Three patients in the propranolol group, compared with two patients in the control group, died of massive variceal bleeding. Eighty per cent of them bled from cardiac varices. Both groups had similar survival rates. We therefore concluded that the use of propranolol after variceal obliteration by sclerotherapy can neither prevent oesophagogastric variceal recurrence nor prevent further rebleeding.
Epidemiology of precancerous gastric lesions
Authors: YOU WEI‐CHENG , CHANG YUN‐SHENG 
Published: March 2008

AbstractResearch over the past several decades has revealed that the major subtype of gastric cancer (intestinal gastric cancer) is an end result of a multistage transformation of the gastric mucosa over many years and that this process is mainly determined by environmental factors. Epidemiologic studies on precancerous gastric lesions, including a large population‐based study of the natural history and aetiology of precancerous gastric lesions conducted in Shandong, China, are reviewed.
Portal vein thrombosis associated with prolonged ingestion of oral contraceptive steroids
Authors: CHU GEOFFREY , FARRELL GEOFFREY C. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThe case is described of a 38 year old woman who developed severe right upper quadrant abdominal pain that was associated with partial portal vein occlusion, as confirmed by flow Doppler ultrasonography and dynamic contrast computed tomography. The patient was a cigarette smoker and had taken combined oestrogen/progestagen oral contraceptive steroids (OCS) continuously for 24 years. There were no other risk factors for portal vein thrombosis or for thromboembolic disease. Following anticoagulant therapy and discontinuation of OCS complete recovery occurred. The case is reported to draw attention to portal vein thrombosis as an extremely rare complication of OCS.
Risk of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in subjects with hepatitis B and delta virus infection: A study from Kure, Japan
Authors: TAMURA I. , KURIMURA O. , KODA T. , ICHIMURA H. , KATAYAMA S. , KURIMURA T. , INABA Y. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractTo investigate the effect of hepatitis delta virus (HDV) superinfection on the long‐term outcome of Japanese subjects with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, we examined the presence of antibodies to hepatitis delta antigen (anti‐HD) in serial serum samples collected from 1127 subjects with chronic HBV infection. The subjects were followed for at least 36 months (mean: 121.3 months) between 1973 and 1991. Among 69 cases where anti‐HD was detected, eight (12%) developed liver cirrhosis (LC) and six (9%) developed hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, among 1058 cases without anti‐HD, there were 43 patients (4%) who developed LC and 29 (3%) who developed HCC. The prevalence of LC and HCC was significantly higher among the cases with anti‐HD than those without anti‐HD. The proportion of LC and HCC per 1000 person years was 10.46 and 7.84, respectively among cases with anti‐HD, and 4.05 and 2.73 among those without anti‐HD, respectively. The overall relative risk of LC and HCC was 2.58 and 2.87, respectively; 95% confidence interval (CI): LC, 1.14–5.13; HCC, 1.03–6.23. These results indicate that in the Kure district in Japan, where HDV infection of persons infected with HBV is about 6%, such superinfection increases the risk of LC and HCC.
Crohn's disease in children from the western region of Saudi Arabia
Authors: TOONISI TAHIR S. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractIn this paper, we describe 17 children with Crohn's disease seen at King Abdulaziz Unviersity Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, who were followed up during a period of 10 years (1980–90). Their ages ranged from 5 to 15 years. The average duration of symptoms prior to presentation was 25 months (ranging from 4 days to 4 years). In this article, we describe the clinical picture, laboratory investigations and results, as well as the treatment of the affected children.
Peritoneoscopic cholecystectomy has opened the door to minimally invasive surgery
Authors: KITANO S. , SUGIMACHI K. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractIn 1989 a new trend occurred in the surgical treatment of a diseased gall‐bladder, laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). Laparoscopic surgery is now accepted world‐wide as the choice of treatment with the advantages of less pain, good cosmesis, short hospital stay and early recovery. It is also a curative procedure for cholelithiasis as well as a cholecystectomy. The rate of conversion to open surgery is about 5% and the rates of bile duct injury are 0.1–0.6%. This new approach revives controversies concerning cholecystectomy; namely indication, use of intra‐operative cholangiography, ductal calculi and pregnancy. There are new issues to consider, including use of a Veress needle for pneumoperitoneum, type of trocars, cardiovascular responses to pneumoperitoneum using carbon dioxide and so on. With increasing use, these difficulties will be overcome. Advances in technology are expected to make even more new types of surgery possible, even perhaps extending into robotic surgery.
Small angiomyolipoma of the liver diagnosed by fine‐needle aspiration biopsy under ultrasound guidance
Authors: YAMADA NOBUO , SHINZAWA HARUHIDE , MAKINO NAOHIKO , MATSUHASHI TAKAAKI , ITASAKA SATOSHI , TAKAHASHI TSUNEO , FUYAMA SHIGEMI 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThe first reported case of small hepatic angiomyolipoma to be diagnosed by fine‐needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is described. A 53 year old man presented with a tumour in segment VI of the liver measuring 0.9 × 0.8 cm. The tumour was hyperechoic on ultrasound examination, showed relatively low density (+ 33 Hounsfield units) on computed tomography (CT), and was hypervascular on angiography. Computed tomography during arterial portography demonstrated a perfusion defect. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed high intensity by both T1‐ and T2‐weighted imaging. Diagnosis could not be obtained by these imaging modalities, but it was established successfully by FNAB under ultrasound guidance. Histologically, the tumour was an angiomyolipoma made up of three components: blood vessels, smooth muscle and fatty tissue. Surgery is unnecessary for this benign condition, and the patient has been followed up. Ten months later, the patient is currently doing well without growth of the hepatic angiomyolipoma.
Serum α1‐antitrypsin and duodenal ulcer
Authors: SHAHID ANJUM , SIDDIQUI ANWAR A. , ZUBERI SARWAR J. , WAQAR MOHAMMED A. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractEvaluation of serum α1‐antitrypsin levels in the South Asian population and its possible involvement in disease conditions such as duodenal ulcer has not been given due consideration. This is mainly because reports from European and North American countries indicate that the genetic deficiency of this protease inhibitor is rare among Asians of the subcontinent.Using isoelectric focusing (IEF) and radial immunodiffusion (RID) techniques, we analysed serum samples from 100 normal, healthy adults and 50 patients with endoscopically proven duodenal ulcers to determine if there is a possible relationship between α1‐antitrypsin phenotype and this disease. Five duodenal ulcer patients had low α1‐antitrypsin levels as well as SZ and S phenotype. None of the controls showed presence of S or SZ phenotypes. The normal or most common genetic form, MM, is the predominant phenotype in both controls and patients.
Detection of the preneoplastic lesions of small hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic livers
Authors: SEKI S. , SAKAGUCHI H. , KAWAKITA N. , YANAI A. , TAMORI A. , YABUSAKO T. , NISHIGUCHI S. , KUROKI T. , KOBAYASHI K. , MONNA T. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractTo identify the preneoplastic lesions of hepatocellular carcinoma and the fine structure of preneoplastic hepatocytes, we studied proliferative conditions in cirrhosis of the liver. In all, 46 foci of cellular alteration (FCA), three regions of adenomatous hyperplasia (ADH), and 21 small hepatocellular carcinomas (sHCC) were studied by published criteria for sHCC and by the proliferative activity of the lesions as examined with monoclonal antibodies against DNA polymerase alpha and proliferating cell nuclear antigen. The four patients with FCA composed of basophilic hepatocytes were classified by the criteria as having sHCC; cells had features similar to those of sHCC. Two of these four patients with FCA were found to have HCC several years later. The number of hepatocytes stained for proliferating cell nuclear antigen was 72 and 81 per 1000 hepatocyte nuclei in the two patients who developed HCC. In one of the three patients with ADH, a sHCC was found 1 year later, and dysplastic hepatocytes from the region of ADH in this patient had features similar to those of HCC cells by light and electron microscopy. In this patient, the number of hepatocytes stained for DNA polymerase alpha was 452 per 1000 nuclei. Therefore, FCA and ADH might be preneoplastic lesions of sHCC in cirrhosis of the liver. Preneoplastic hepatocytes seem to be small cells with basophilic cytoplasm, with a large nucleus to cytoplasm ratio, finely indented nuclei with a smaller amount of condensed chromatin than normal, and poorly to moderately developed organelles.
Assay of HCV‐related antibodies and their consequent changes following interferon treatment
Authors: MIZUNO M. , MIZOKAMI M. , ORITO E. , OHBA K. , FUJII K. , SUZUKI K. , TOKUDA H. , NARITA M. , OHNO T. , YAMAUCHI M. , HIRASHIMA Y. , NAKANO T. , OGINO M. , YAMAMOTO M. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThe hepatitis C virus (HCV) core antibody and NS‐4 antibody were measured in 25 cases of type C chronic hepatitis after interferon (IFN) treatment. The antibody titres were quantitated and the changes in the antibody titres and the therapeutic effects were compared. The titres of the passive haemagglutination assay (HCV‐PHA) before and after IFN administration were also measured and compared with the therapeutic effects. No significant correlation was seen between the core, NS‐4 and HCV‐PHA titres before IFN administration and the resultant therapeutic effects, but many cases showing excellent effects were seen among those with core antibody titres under 100 U/L and those with HCV‐PHA titres less than 2.16 In a study of the changes in the core and NS‐4 antibody titres, these titres tended to decrease during IFN administration. In cases showing excellent effects, these decreases continued for a long period after completion of IFN administration and then became negative in some cases. However, in the remaining cases, titres showed increases up to 3 months after completion of IFN administration. HCV‐PHA showed reduced titres in many cases of excellent effects before and after IFN administration; and there were also cases showing decreases with two power differences.
Increased sister chromatid exchange frequency in peripheral lymphocytes of hepatocellular carcinoma patients
Authors: WANG L‐Y. , HUANG S‐J. , LIAW Y‐F. , CHEN C‐J. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been documented to be associated with a multifactorial aetiology including hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus, exposure to aflatoxin, tobacco and alcohol. With the specific aim to examine the relationship between HCC and frequency of sister chromatid exchange (SCE) in peripheral lymphocytes as an indicator of integral carcinogen exposure, a total of 14 newly diagnosed untreated HCC patients and 13 healthy controls were studied. Study subjects were matched on age, sex, cigarette smoking and alcohol intake. Peripheral blood samples were collected using heparinized vacuum syringes. Lymphocytes were cultured in RPMI 1640 medium containing fetal calf serum and phytohaemagglutin. After lymphocytes were cultured for 24 h, 5‐bromo‐2‐deoxy uridine was added to the medium and colcemid was added after 70 h. Cells were harvested and fixed in methanol‐acetic acid (3 : 1) solution after 72 h. Cells were first stained with 33258 Hoechst and restained with Giemsa. Photographs were taken from at least 32 lymphocytes at the second metaphase of each study subject. The frequency of SCE was scored by two readers blindly. There was a significantly increased SCE frequency in peripheral lymphocytes of HCC patients than healthy controls, with a mean ± standard deviation of 15.1 ± 4.4 and 8.9 ± 2.7 SCE per metaphase II, respectively. The increased SCE frequency in lymphocytes of HCC patients may be due to the chronic HBV infection, exposure to chemical hepatocarcinogens or both.
Hepatitis B virus infection and hepatocellular carcinoma in Senegal: Prevalence and prevention
Authors: COURSAGET P. , LEBOULLEUX D. , YVONNET B. , SOUMARE M. , CANN P. LE , DIOP M. T. , BAO O. , CHIRON J. P. , COLL‐SECK A‐M. , DIOP‐MAR I. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractHepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and related diseases represent some of the major public health problems in Senegal. The prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in infants increased steadily during their first years of life. HBsAg prevalence was 6% at 6 months of age and 13% at 2 years. HBV infection was detected in 30% at 2 years of age and in more than 90% of the population after the age of 10. Hepatitis B e antigen was detected in only 13–19% of HBsAg‐positive adults.As a consequence of this high frequency of HBV infection occurring early in life, a high frequency of hepatocellular carcinoma is observed in Senegal, with only two‐thirds of them being HBsAg carriers. However, the HBV genome was detected in 58% of HBsAg‐negative patients suffering from liver cirrhosis or primary liver cancer confirming the aetiological link between HBV and primary hepatic carcinoma in HBsAg‐negative patients. On the other hand, confirmed HCV infection has been detected in only 7% of the HBsAg‐negative liver cancer cases.More than 95% of the vaccinated infants had protective antibodies to HBsAg after a primary set of vaccine doses; this proportion decreased to 80% 6 years later and to 73% 10–12 years later. HBsAg was detected in 25% of infants from the control group and in 2.1% of immunized infants corresponding to an efficacy of more than 90%. No difference was observed between infants who received a booster dose at school age and those who did not. On the other hand, the results show that hepatitis B vaccine may be introduced into the existing recommended Expanded Programme on Immunization schedules without reducing the immune response to any of the currently recommended antigens nor increasing the frequency of untoward reactions.
Expression of multidrug resistance (P‐glycoprotein) gene in liver cancers
Authors: KUO M. TIEN , TEETER L. D. , CURLEY S. , HSU H‐C. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractHepatocellular carcinomas have been known to exhibit a poor response to chemotherapeutic agents. However, the mechanism for drug resistance is unknown. Recent studies have demonstrated that expression of a group of membrane proteins known as P‐glycoproteins (P‐gp) or multidrug transporters encoded by multidrug‐resistance (MDR) or P‐glycoprotein gene family is correlated with a poor clinical prognosis for particular non‐responsive neoplasms. The possible involvement ofMDRgene expression with the intrinsic poor response to chemotherapeutic agents is discussed.