bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical and socio-demographic profile of pneumonia in children aged 2 months to 5 years
Authors: Sanikam Hareesh , Kenganal Rajashekhar B , Basavaraj  , Mavinahalli Anjana 
Published: March 2024

Among the common childhood illnesses, pneumonia is a substantial cause of morbidity and mortality in children throughout the world. Approximately, 150 million episodes of childhood pneumonia are reported every year, out of which 95% are from developing countries. In addition, socioeconomic and environmental factors like overcrowding, air pollution, passive smoking, practice of bottle feeding etc., contribute to the significant rise in incidence of pneumonia during recent years. The known factors affecting mortality are malnutrition, inadequate vaccination, illiteracy and lack of exclusive breast feeding.Pneumonia is one of the most prevalent Pediatric infections, and it is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children all over the world. Every year, approximately 150 million cases of childhood pneumonia are reported, with 95 percent of cases coming from underdeveloped nations. Furthermore, socioeconomic and environmental variables like as overcrowding, air pollution, passive smoking, and the practice of bottle feeding, among others, have contributed to the large increase in pneumonia incidence in recent years. Malnutrition, inadequate immunization, illiteracy, and a lack of exclusive breast feeding are all documented variables that contribute to mortality.A total of 120 children in the age group of 2 months to 5 years, diagnosed with Pneumonia as per standard definition were enrolled in the study. Detailed history was taken including socio demographic factors and physical examination was done in all children. Appropriate investigations were done. : Children aged between 2 and 12 months constituted 60% of cases. The male to female ratio was 1.5:1. 27.5% children had low birth weight, 63.3% were exclusively breast fed up to 6 months of age. Severe and very severe pneumonia was seen in 90% of children between age group 2 months and 2 years, 63.6% with low birth weight, and 66.6% with partial immunization status. Significant association was found between early weaning and severity of pneumonia (45.45% vs 26.3%).Children less than 2 years are more prone for developing pneumonia. Low birth weight, partial immunization status of the children, early weaning, history of bottle feeding, lower socioeconomic status, overcrowding, malnutrition and lack of maternal literacy were shown to have an increased risk for severe and very severe pneumonia in children. As most of the above stated factors are modifiable, the implementation of various preventive and educational programs in our society has a likelihood to reduce the occurrence and severity of pneumonia in children
A cross-sectional study on the correlation of pulmonary function with duration of Rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: K Rajaguru Suman , Khalid Abdul , S Acharya Suvendu , C Biswal Pratap , K Padhy Rasmita , Rakesh Jena , Kumar Patro Susen 
Published: March 2024

Rheumatoid arthritis (R.A.) is characterized by chronic inflammatory symmetrical peripheral polyarthritis associated with systemic involvement. Pulmonary involvement is one of them. Therefore, early assessment of pulmonary function may help identify the type of respiratory involvement and hence can contribute to properly managing pulmonary complications.The study aims to evaluate the type and extent of pulmonary function abnormality in relation to the duration of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Settings and Design: tertiary care treating hospital- a cross-sectional observational study A cross-sectional study was conducted at Department of General Medicine in forty R.A. cases in whom spirometry was performed and values of spirometry results were statistically compared with the duration of R.A. using S.P.S.S. software. Cases were grouped into three categories based on the duration of the disease. Category A –less than 5 yrs, category B– 5 to 9 yrs and category C – more than 9 yrs duration. In category A, abnormal pulmonary function test (PFT) was observed in 43.5% of cases in the form of obstructive 17.4%, restrictive 17.4% and mixed pattern in 8.7% of cases. In category B, the restrictive pattern was found in 63.6% and a mixed pattern in 9.1% of cases. However, abnormal pulmonary function test (PFT) was observed in all cases in category C, with obstructive pattern in 16.7%, restrictive 66.7% and mixed 16.7% cases. From the study, it was found that early pulmonary involvement occurs in R.A. With an increase in the duration of R.A., pulmonary involvement becomes a more severe and restrictive pattern. Most cases with a duration of more than 9yrs had significant pulmonary involvement either in the form of restrictive or obstructive pattern. Hence PFT should be done at the earliest as a routine and repeated periodically in R.A. cases.
A study to see association between vitamin d level and obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Firdaus Huma , Sadaf Shadan , Saini Rajendra Kumar , Shameem Mohammad 
Published: March 2024

Obese patients have low levels of serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D due to feedback inhibition of hepatic synthesis of the metabolite by increased circulating 1,25(OH) vitamin D. Obese individuals have more physical activity which limits their exposure to sunlight resulting in lower levels of 25(OH)D. Sleep fragmentation in OSA leads to daytime drowsiness, fatigue and hence decreased outdoor activity contributing to the same. Hence, OSA aggravates obesity and obesity aggravates OSA creating a vicious cycle and together contribute to the depletion of serum vitamin D level.Patients attending the special clinic of sleep were included in the study and were screened using STOP-BANG scoring system for OSA Patients with score of &#62;2 were included in the study and further underwent polysomnography test. Among the study population, cases had an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) &#62; 5 in polysomnography and controls had AHI &#60;5. Controls were further matched for age, sex and BMI with cases. Vitamin D Level was tested in both cases and controls for comparison using arterial blood sample.Total ninety-three patients were included in the study, out of whom 59 were cases which formed the OSA group, had mean age of 48.02 ±8.435 years, mean body mass index (BMI) 33.73 ±7.48 kg/m2, mean neck circumference 37.8 cm ±5.08 Mean vitamin D level in the case and control was 21.02 ± 7.27 and 24.48 ± 6.92 respectively with a p value &#60; 0.05, with a negative correlation of AHI with serum vitamin D level (p&#60; 0.001, r = −0.286).Different mechanisms play a role in OSA patients affecting. This study shows inverse relationship between vitamin D level and AHI (apnea-hypopnea index) which was statistically significant and vitamin D level was higher in controls than cases. Thus it can be said that 25(OH)D levels and OSAS are related, but it is difficult to establish a direct causal association between them.
Comparison of quality of life in hemodialysis and pre dialysis patients: A cross sectional study
Authors: Bhat Ashok 
Published: March 2024

To evaluate and compare quality of life in pre dialysis (CKD stage4) and patients with End stage renal disease (ESRD) on maintenance hemodialysis and to analyze the correlation of sociodemographic, clinical and laboratory parameters with quality of lifeThis was a cross-sectional study in which 100 pre dialysis(CKD stage4) and 100 ESRD patients on maintenance hemodialysis were enrolled. SF 36 questionnaire was used to assess quality of life. Quality of life was compared between the two groups and the correlation of quality of life with sociodemographic ,clinical and laboratory parameters was assessed.Pre dialysis group had better SF 36 scores than patients on hemodialysis (64.93±13.05 vs. 59.55±13.29 p=0.004). Erythropoietin use, higher albumin and more frequent dialysis emerged as independent predictors of better quality of life.Perceived quality of life was worse for patients on hemodialysis when compared to pre dialysis patients. Use of erythropoietin, higher albumin levels, and more frequent dialysis were independent predictors of better quality of life.
Prevalence of drug induced thrombocytopenia in five cities of India: A cross sectional descriptive study
Authors: Khajuria Atul , Khattri Jyotsana , Singh Lalit , VG Veeresh , Malik Parmila 
Published: March 2024

Thrombocytopenia is the condition in which the platelets counts are less than few lakhs and cause the symptoms of the bleeding. The drugs which are used as therapeutic for the management of the diseases, due to adverse effects causes thrombocytopenia. The present study aims to find the prevalence of the drug induced thrombocytopenia in various cities in India: A cross sectional survey study design used to identify the prevalence rate of the drug induced thrombocytopenia in Lucknow 1050 samples, Panipat 1465 samples, Sonipat 815 samples, Gohana 845 samples, Delhi 1265 cities in India a total 5440 samples from 5 cities in north India were selected from different diagnostic centers.: The present study found that in Lucknow total 1050 samples were collected of them 39 samples, in Panipat total 1465 samples were collected 66 samples, in Sonipat total 815 samples were collected of them 63 samples, in Gohana total 845 samples were collected of them 40 samples and in Delhi total 1265 samples were collected of them 53 samples were drug induced thrombocytopenia respectively. The overall prevalence of drug induced thrombocytopenia is 4.7%. Drug induced thrombocytopenia is result of the adverse effect of various group of drugs used as therapeutic management and the prevalence of the drug induced thrombocytopenia is essential to manage and prevent the complication. The present study identified the prevalence of drug induced thrombocytopenia in selected North India.
Спектакль 3STRS Люка Персеваля. Опыт прочтения
Authors: Sadzińska Ewa , Szymańska Aleksandra 
Published: March 2024

В статье делается попытка прочтения спектакля 3STRS бельгийского режиссера Люка Персеваля с учетом поэтики Антона Чехова. Обращается внимание на сохранение или сокращение отдельных сцен, мотивов, диалогов, пространственную и временную характеристику спектакля, семантику заглавия и использованные приемы. Герои Персеваля находятся в зале, окруженные стеклянными стенами, которые дробят, удваивают, отражают и обнажают скрытую суть их трагической жизни. Трагизм положения героев усиливают скудные декорации, а также музыка, основанная на семплах. Нагнетание безобразного, отсутствие логики в развитии событий, немотивированность действий персонажей, наличие психологического вакуума, неспособность персонажей к взаимопониманию, трагический финал сближают интерпретацию Персеваля с театром абсурда. Пьеса Чехова является для режиссера толчком кразмышлениям на тему старости, не только в личном, но и более общем плане старения европейского континента, тему эмигрантов, эвтаназии, низкой деторождаемости, приближения глобальной катастрофы, а также одиночества и абсурдности существования, неспособности людей к коммуникации.
Диалог с культурной традицией: контекстуализация страха в романе Людмилы Улицкой Зеленый шатер
Authors: Szabó Tünde 
Published: March 2024

Произведения Людмилы Улицкой отличаются огромным количеством отсылок к самым разным культурным явлениям изображаемой эпохи. Ее роман Зеленый шатер посвящается поколению шестидесятников-диссидентов, их роли, в том числе, в культурной жизни эпохи «оттепели» и «застоя». Деятельность этого поколения Л. Улицкая оценивает высоко именно потому, что они «в России были первым поколением, которое побороло в себе страх перед властью». Поэтому одним из важнейших составляющих сюжета является проблема «инициации страхом» и возможности его преодоления.
В статье рассматривается контекстуализация страха героев на определенном культурно-литературном фоне. На основе концепции эмоций венгерского философа А. Геллер страх воспринимается как собирательное понятие, под которым подразумеваются три разных типа чувств – аффективного, когнитивно-ситуативного и личностного. Соответственно этим типам, контекстуализация страха в романе происходит на трех урованях. Во-первых, в конкретных ситуациях изображаемого мира, где страх героя проявляется как «животное» чувство, а акцент ставится на его преодолении. Во-вторых, страх представляет собой предмет рефлексий и размышлений героя, в которых создается его литературный контекст. В-третьих, на авторском уровне, благодаря разным интертекстуальным связам, приобретает символическое значение сам образ героя.
Таким образом, при контекстуализации страха активизируется широкий диапазон культурной традиции, скоторой роман Улицкой вступает в плодотворный диалог.
A note on Second Degrees in Graphs
Authors: Naji Ahmed Mohammed 
Published: March 2024

<p>The second degree of a node <em>x</em> in a graph <em>Γ</em>=(<em>V</em>,<em>E</em>), denoted by deg<sub>2</sub>(<em>x</em>), is the number of nodes at distance two from <em>x</em> in a graph <em>Γ</em>. In the present article, we are interested in examination of the second degrees properties in a graph. The old bounds and the general formulas of the second degree of some graph operations are collected. We provide an improvement on the useful result "deg<sub>2</sub>(<em>x</em>) ≤ (∑<sub>(<em>y</em> ∈ <em>N</em>(<em>x</em>))</sub> deg(y)) - deg(<em>x</em>), for every <em>x </em>∈ <em>V</em>(<em>Γ</em>)", by adding a term of the triangles number in a graph, in order to the equality holds for each quadrangle-free graph. Further, upper and lower bounds for the maximum and minimum second degrees are established. Finally the second degree-sum formula are derived. In addition, bounds on second degree-sum are also established.</p>
PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN MINYAK KELAPA SECARA FERMENTASI BAGI KELOMPOK WANITA TANI DI KECAMATAN BAREGBEG KABUPATEN CIAMIS
Authors: Egi Egi Nuryadin , Ali Mufti , Kartawan Kartawan , Suharsono Suharsono 
Published: March 2024

Adanya pandemi COVID-19 sangat berdampak pada berbagai aspek kehidupan. Salah satunya pada kehidupan ekonomi dan ketahanan pangan masyarakat. Sebagian besar harga kebutuhan pokok masyarakat kian merangkak naik. Minyak goreng yang berbahan dasar kelapa merupakan salah satu kebutuhan pokok yang mengalami kenaikan harga. Selain mengalami kenaikan harga, minyak goreng juga mengalami kelangkaan. Akibatnya warga sulit mendapatkan minyak goreng untuk keperluan memasak rumah tangga maupun industri yang memerlukan minyak goreng.
Pohon kelapa banyak dijumpai di daerah Ciamis tepatnya di Desa Petirhilir Kecamatan Baregbeg. Buah kelapa yang jumlahnya melimpah belum dapat dioptimalkan pemanfaatannya. Kelapa dapat dijadikan alternatif sebagai bahan pembuatan minyak goreng yang sedang dalam kondisi kenaikan harga dan kelangkaan. Namun warga sekitar belum memiliki pengetahuan dan keterampilan mengenai pengolahan kelapa untuk dijadikan minyak goreng.
Tujuan dari program masyarakat dengan skema ketahanan pangan ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan kelompok wanita tani mengenai minyak goreng, jenis-jenis minyak goreng dan minyak kelapa fermentasi, kandungan gizi minyak kelapa fermentasi serta penggunaan minyak kelapa fermentasi, serta memberikan pelatihan mengenai teknik pembuatan dan pengolahan minyak goreng fermentasi untuk meningkatkan ketahanan pangan dimasa pandemi Covid-19
Implementasi Tujuan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan Poin 13 Aksi Iklim di Madrasa Mahasiswa Muamalat, Yogyakarta
Authors: Rohma Masitoh Nur , Priyansyah Ahmad , Irmawati Feni , Maghfiroh Maghfiroh , Nihaya Silvia Munna 
Published: March 2024

Tujuan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan yang disepakati secara global secara umum memiliki tantangan dalam implementasinya. Implementasi ini juga berkejaran dengan kondisi perubahan iklim yang semakin memburuk. Tim pengabdian Program Studi Hubungan Internasional (PSHI), Universitas Islam Indonesia (UII), berupaya membuka peluang penerapan Tujuan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan Poin 13, yakni aksi iklim di Madrasa Mahasiswa Muamalat, Yogyakarta. Tim pengabdian PSHI UII melakukan dua sesi kegiatan. Sesi pertama berupa Sosialisasi “Implementasi Tujuan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan Poin 13: Tren Fast Fashion”, sedangkan sesi kedua berupa “Pelatihan Pengolahan Limbah Mode Menjadi Tas”. Kegiatan pengabdian tersebut ditujukan untuk mendukung tercapainya target dalam Poin 13, yakni meningkatkan pendidikan, peningkatan kesadaran, serta peningkatan kapasitas sumber daya manusia dan kelembagaan tentang mitigasi, adaptasi, pengurangan dampak, dan peringatan dini perubahan iklim.
Kata kunci: Tujuan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan, aksi iklim, fast fashion, limbah mode
Teknologi Tepat Guna Mesin Pencuci Porang untuk Meningkatkan Produktivitas Petani Porang di Desa Morang, Kare, Madiun
Authors: Irawaty Wenny , Santoso Hadi , Wijaya Christian Julius , Indrawati Chatarina Dian , Anggorowati Adriana Anteng , Soetaredjo Felycia Edi , Santoso Shella Permatasari , Ismadji Suryadi , Yuliana Maria , Ernest Edward H , Wardhani Rinda , Afendi Yulius , Panjaitan Imelda 
Published: March 2024

Produktivitas produk-produk berbasis umbi porang banyak dikembangkan saat ini setelah adanya kebijakan dari Pemerintah Indonesia yang melarang ekspor tanaman porang dan produk-produk panennya. Salah satu produk dari pengembangan umbi porang adalah dalam bentuk chip. Sebelum diolah, umbi porang harus dicuci sampai bersih untuk menghilangkan tanah di permukaan umbi porang pasca panen. Proses pencucian konvensional dapat menghambat proses produksi karena dibutuhkan waktu cukup lama dimana pencucian satu buah umbi porang dapat mencapai 3-5 menit. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah untuk merancang dan membuat alat pencuci porang menggunakan prinsip centrifuge washing with rubber vibration. Tahapan metode pelaksanan kegiatan yang dilakukan meliputi perencanaan dan pembuatan alat, uji coba alat, pelatihan penggunaan alat kepada mitra, dan evaluasi kegiatan. Dari pendampingan yang dilakukan terhadap mitra terlihat bahwa alat pencuci umbi porang dapat dioperasikan secara mandiri oleh mitra. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa proses pencucian menggunakan teknologi tepat guna alat pencuci umbi porang ini dapat menghemat waktu pencucian sampai 90%. Umbi porang dari hasil pencucian terlihat sama bersih seperti dari proses pencucian konvensional. Dengan demikian penerapan teknologi tepat guna alat pencuci umbi porang ini dapat mendukung peningkatan produksi produk-produk berbasis umbi porang. Tidak hanya itu saja, penggunaan teknologi tepat guna alat pencuci ini juga dapat membuat posisi kerja mitra menjadi ergonomis sehingga dapat menciptakan lingkungan kerja yang lebih nyaman dan sehat. Secara umum dapat disimpulkan bahwa mitra puas dengan kegiatan ini dan berharap ada keberlanjutan program-program lainnya.
The Bioburden Associated with Severe Open Tibial Fracture Wounds at the Time of Definitive Closure or Coverage
Authors:   Major Extremity Trauma Research Consortium (METRC)
Published: March 2024

Background:
Infection is common following high-energy open tibial fractures. Understanding the wound bioburden may be critical to infection risk reduction strategies. This study was designed to identify the bioburden profile of high-energy open tibial fractures at the time of definitive wound closure or coverage and determine the relationship to subsequent deep infection.

Methods:
This multicenter prospective study enrolled 646 patients with high-energy open tibial fractures requiring a second debridement surgery and delayed wound closure or coverage. Wound samples were obtained at the time of definitive closure or coverage and were cultured in a central laboratory. Cultures were also subsequently obtained from patients who underwent a fracture-site reoperation.

Results:
Two hundred and six (32%) of the wounds had a positive culture at the time of closure or coverage. A single genus was identified in 154 (75%) of these positive cultures and multiple genera, in 52 (25%). Gram-positive cocci (GPCs) were identified in 98 (47%) of the positive cultures. Staphylococci were identified in 64 (31%) of the cultures, and 53 (83%) of these were coagulase-negative (CONS). Enterococci were identified in 26 (13%) of the cultures. Gram-negative rods (GNRs) were identified in 100 (49%) of the cultures; the most frequent GNR genera identified were Enterobacter (39, 19%) and Pseudomonas (21, 10%). Positive cultures were subsequently obtained from 154 (50%) of 310 revision surgeries. A single genus was identified in 85 (55%) of the 154 and multiple genera, in 69. GPCs were identified in 134 (87%) of the 154 positive cultures, staphylococci were identified in 94 (61%), and GNRs were identified in 100 (65%).

Conclusions:
The bioburden in high-energy open tibial fractures at delayed closure or coverage was often characterized by pathogens of multiple genera and of genera that are nonresponsive to typically employed antibiotic prophylaxis. Awareness of the final wound bioburden might inform strategies to lower the infection rate.

Level of Evidence:
Prognostic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Incidence of Nerve Palsies During Pavlik Harness Treatment for Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip
Authors: Gross Preston W. , Chipman Danielle E. , Nagra Kiranpreet , Tracey Olivia C. , Jones Ruth H. , Blanco John S. , Sink Ernest L. , Scher David M. , Dodwell Emily R. , Doyle Shevaun M. 
Published: March 2024

Background:
The Pavlik harness has been used for approximately a century to treat developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). Femoral nerve palsy is a documented complication of Pavlik harness use, with an incidence ranging from 2.5% to 11.2%. Rare reports of brachial plexus palsy have also been documented. The primary purpose of the current study was to evaluate the incidence of various nerve palsies in patients undergoing Pavlik harness treatment for DDH. Secondary aims were to identify patient demographic or hip characteristics associated with nerve palsy.

Methods:
We performed a retrospective review of patients diagnosed with DDH and treated with a Pavlik harness from February 1, 2016, to April 1, 2023, at a single tertiary care orthopaedic hospital. Hip laterality, use of a subsequent rigid abduction orthosis, birth order, breech positioning, weight, and family history were collected. The median (and interquartile range [IQR]) or mean (and standard deviation [SD]) were reported for all continuous variables. Independent 2-sample t tests and Mann-Whitney U tests were conducted to identify associations between the variables collected at the initiation of Pavlik harness treatment and the occurrence of nerve palsy.

Results:
Three hundred and fifty-one patients (547 hips) were included. Twenty-two cases of femoral nerve palsy (4% of all treated hips), 1 case of inferior gluteal nerve palsy (0.18%), and 2 cases of brachial plexus palsy (0.37%) were diagnosed. Patients with nerve palsy had more severe DDH as measured by the Graf classification (p < 0.001) and more severe DDH as measured on physical examination via the Barlow and Ortolani maneuvers (p = 0.003).

Conclusions:
Nerve palsies were associated with more severe DDH at the initiation of Pavlik harness use. Upper and lower-extremity neurological status should be scrutinized at initiation and throughout treatment to assess for nerve palsies. The potential for femoral, gluteal, and brachial plexus palsies should be included in the discussion of risks at the beginning of treatment. Families may be reassured that nerve palsies associated with Pavlik harness can be expected to resolve with a short break from treatment.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.