bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Connective tissue activation
Authors: Myers Stephen L. , William Castor C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHuman synovial fibroblasts in culture have been stimulated to augment hyaluronate synthesis and glucose utilization by connective tissue activating peptides (CTAP) extracted from human spleen, lymphocytes, platelets, granulocytes, and tumor cells. The platelet‐derived mediator CTAP‐III also stimulated DNA synthesis in synovial fibroblasts, but CTAP‐I from lymphocytes and spleen did not. The present study demonstrates the mitogenic potential of a granulocyte mediator (CTAP‐PMN). Normal granuiocytes were prepared with Ficoll‐diatrizoate gradients, platelet contamination being estimated by phase microscopy and by radioimmunoassay for the platelet‐specific protein, β thromboglobulin. CTAP‐PMN preparations derived from 4 × 107 cells/ml stimulated culture 3H‐thymidine incoporation to 3.56 ± 1.32 (SD) times controls levels. Although exposure of praparations to thiols reduced their mitogenicity, CTAP‐PMN was relatively heat‐stable. SDS gel eletrophoresis of active fractions suggested a molecular weight between 12,700 and 12, 700 daltons. In doulbe immunodiffusion, antisera to CTAP‐III showed no reactivity with CTAP‐PMN. CTAP‐PMN or other granulocyte factors capable of stimulating fibroblast DNA synthesis may play a role in chronic proliferative synovitis or in other settings where exudative inflammation is accompanied by connective tissue growth.
Preliminary criteria for the classification of systemic sclerosis (scleroderma)
Authors: Masi Alfonse T. ,   Subcommittee For Scleroderma Criteria of the American Rheumatism Association Diagnostic and Therapeutic Criteria Committee
Published: February 2007

AbstractA multicenter, ongoing study of early‐diagnosed cases of systemic sclerosis and comparison patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, polymyositis/dermatomyositis, and Raynaud's phenomenon was conducted in order to develop classification criteria for systemic sclerosis. Preliminary criteria are proposed, namely, the finding of either the sole major criterion, i.e.,1) sclerodactyly, 2) digital pitting scars of fingertips or loss of substance of the distal finger pad, and 3) bilateral basilar pulmonary fibrosis. When applied to the case and comparison patients included in this study, these proposed criteria had a 97% sensitivity for definite systemic sclerosis and 98% specificity.
Heterogeneity of hla associations in systemic onset juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Glass David N. , Litvin David A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwo genetic markers, HLA‐Bw35 and HLA‐B8, are found to be associated with “febrile” or “systemic” onset juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA). Evidence is presented that JRA patients are probably heterogeneous with respect to these antigens.
Chronic arthritis of rabbits induced by mycoplasmas I. clinical, microbiologic, and histologic features
Authors: Washburn Leigh Rice , Cole Barry C. , Gelman Martin I. , Ward John R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMycoplasma arthritidis and Mycoplasma pulmonis induced chronic arthritis in rabbits on intraarticular injection, characterized by joint swelling and histologic evidence of chronic active inflammation persisting at least one year. Cartilage and bone destruction was a prominent late feature of M arthritidis but not M pulmonis disease. Despite the progressive nature of the disease and persistence of active inflammation for many months after inoculation, mycoplasmas and mycoplasma antigens were not found in joint tissues after 7 weeks.
Acute nongonococcal infectious arthritis
Authors: Rosenthal Jerome , Bole Giles G. , Robinson William D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA retrospective analysis of 71 nongonococcal joint infections in 63 patients in reported. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from 59% of the patients. Five patients died as a result of infections. The outcome in Gram‐n egative joint infections was similar to the overall outcome in the entire series of patients. All 11 joints with infected prostheses ultimately required removal of the prostheses. All patients were treated with appropriate parenteral antibiotics, and surgical intervention was used in 40 joints. Six patients underwent surgical treatment because of inability to sterilize the joint with antibiotics and because of repeated joint aspirations. The outcome with surgical intervention was good only in patients younger than 16 years of age. Medical therapy (parenteral antibiotics and frequent joint aspirations) led to good results in 74% of the patients. Outcome of joint infection was also influenced by factors which contribute to imparied host resistance.
Studies of murine complement
Authors: Fritchen Cathy , Kim Hong J. , Lightfoot Robert W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe have utilized a new assay for murine complement components to explore the relationship of complement titers to other parameters of disease activity in individual NZB/W female mice. Titers had fallen significantly by 6 months of age, concomitantly with the appearance of antiDNA in serum and of C3 and immunolobulin in renal glomeruli. The period of hypocomplementemia antedating proteinuria was extremely variable. Heat stable anti‐c omplementary material was found in serum from older NZB/W mice.
Metabolism of c4 and factor b in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Kaplan Roy A. , Curd John G. , Deheer David H. , Carson Dennis A. , Pangburn Michael K. , Berhard HANS J. Müller‐E , Vaughan John H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMetabolic turnover determined by radioiodide labeled C4 and Factor B was studied in 18 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 19 normal control subjects as a means of estimating the relative ratio of consumption of components in the classical and alternative pathways of complement activation. Predominance of fractional catabolic rate (FCR) of C4 over Factor B was demonstrated with differentially labeled C4 and Factor B. The hypercatabolism occurred in the extravascular space. C4 FCR correlated significantly with rheumatoid factor (RF) determined in a hemolytic assay (rs = 0.72), measured as IgG RF (rs = 0.57), and as IgM RF (rs = 0.45). There were no significant correlations with several other antibodies measured. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that RA is a systemic, extravascular immune complex disease, in which RF immune complexes play a significant pathogenetic role principally via activation of the classical pathway of complement.
Effects of some nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs on proteoglycan metabolism and organization in canine articular cartilage
Authors: Palmoski Marshall J. , Brandt Kenneth D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe effects on proteoglycan metabolism and aggregation of several nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs commonly used in the treatment of arthritis were examined in cultures of normal canine articular cartilage. Fenoprofen and ibuprofen inhibited net proteoglycan synthesis in a concentration‐dependent fashion. At concentrations in the culture medium comparable to plasma concentrations seen in patients after oral administration in humans, net protcoglycan synthesis in the presence of these drugs averaged 72% and 86% of the control values, respectively (P < 0.01). In contrast, indomethacin and sulindac sulfoxide had no effect on proteoglycan synthesis, while sulindac sulfide stimulated synthesis in a non‐concentration dependent fashion (average, 13%). In the presence of ibuprofen or sulindac sulfide, catabolism of sulfated glycosaminoglycans was the same as that in control cartilage, while fenoprofen decreased the rate of degradation slightly. The proportion of newly synthesized proteoglycans existing as aggregates and the average hydrodynamic size of disaggregated proteoglycans were unaffected by ibuprofen, indomethacin, sulindac sulfide, or sulindac sulfoxide. Fenoprofen, on the other hand, interfered with the ability of the cartilage hyaluronic acid to interact with proteoglycans to form aggregates, whereas it has no effect on the in vitro association of proteoglycans with hyaluronic acid from umbilical cord.
Bone tissue in paget's disease of bone ultrastructure and immunocytology
Authors: Rebel A. , Basle M. , Pouplard A. , Malkani K. , Filmon R. , Lepatezour A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractUltrastructural observations in Paget's disease of bone clarify aspects of bone cells in bone tissue and demonstrate the presence of specific intranuclear inclusions composed of microcylinders in the osteoclasts. The morphologic analysis of these structures suggests an analogy with virus material of the measles group. Results obtained using indirect immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase techniques lend further support to the hypothesis of a viral etiology in Paget's disease of bone.
Cell cultures from bone affected by pacet's disease
Authors: Mills Barbara G. , Singer Frederick R. , Weiner Leslie P. , Holst Patricia A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCells obtained from Paget's bone specimens were maintained in culture for up to 8½ months. The cells had several characteristics of bone cells including the presence of alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, or succinic dehydrogenase as demonstrated histochemically. Electron microscopy revealed nuclear inclusions similar to those found in the osteoclasts of Paget's disease in 4 of 11 cultures. Immunohistology utilizing specific antisera demonstrated the presence of respiratory syncytial virus antigen(s) in 7 of 7 patients. Negative results were obtained with antisera to a variety of paramyxoviruses.
Musculoskeletal manifestations of paget's disease of bone
Authors: Altman Roy D. , Collins Barbara 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA review of 290 patients with Paget's disease of bone revealed 83% had one or more rheumatic syndromes. The most common finding was back pain (37%), most often related to an independent osteoarthritic process or Paget's disease precipitating or complicating spinal osteoarthritis. Paget's disease as a sole source of back pain was distinctly uncommon (2%). Osteoarthritis related to Paget's disease was present in the hip (30%) and knee (11%). Paget's disease in spondylitis was present in 4 patients and in ankylosing hyperostosis in 4 patients. The latter group had very active Paget's disease. Rheumatoid arthritis (1%), hyperuricemia (20%), and gout (4%) did not appear increased in this group.
Orthopedic aspects of paget's disease of bone
Authors: Barry Hugh C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe special features of fractures, usually in the femur or the tibia, and their treatment in Paget's disease of bone are discussed. Osteotomy of the femur or tibia for marked deformity, and joint replacement of the hip or knee for painful arthritis can be carried out quite successfully. The high incidence of sarcomas arising in the humerus, the development of multiple sites of malignant change, and some features of tumors on the skull are noted.
Chemistry, physiology, and therapeutic applications of calcitonin
Authors: Macintyre Iain , Evans IMOGEN M. A. , Hobitz HELMUT H. G. , Joplin Graham F. , Stevenson John C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe chemistry and physiology of calcitonin are reviewed with particular emphasis on the evolution of the hormone and its modern role in humans. It seems likely that the relative deficiency of calcitonin in women may be important in postmenopausal bone loss. A major therapeutic application of calcitonin is in the treatment of Paget's disease of bone, and current recommendations for therapy are presented.
Salmon calcitonin therapy for paget's disease of bone the problem of acquired clinical resistance
Authors: Singer Frederick R. , Fredericks Robert S. , Minkin Cedric 
Published: February 2007

AbstractDuring the initial months of long‐term treatment of Paget's disease of bone with salmon calcitonin, circulating alkaline phosphatase activity and urinary hydroxyproproline excretion usually decrease by about 50%. In 22 of 85 patients these parameters returned to pretreatment levels despite continuous therapy. Nineteen patients who were resistant to salmon calcitonin had salmon calcitonin antibodies in high titer. Human calcitonin has been effective in suppressing disease activity in these patients. The pathogenesis of calcitonin resistance in patients without antibodies is unknown.
Serologic subsets in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Bell David A. , Maddison Peter J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA search for anti‐Ro or anti‐nRNP antibodies by precipitin analysis among a population of 64 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) or mixed connective tissue disease was undertaken. The 25% of SLE patients with anti‐Ro did not have any distinct clinical features, compared to patients without anti‐Ro or to anti‐nRNP patients with SLE or mixed connective tissue disease. However, these patients did have a significantly greater frequency of rheumatoid factor (80%). Most importantly however, patients with anti‐Ro had a significantly increased frequency of HLA‐B8 (81%) and HLA‐DRw3 (100%) compared to patients with anti‐nRNP (B8—29%; DRw3—33%) or SLE patients without such antibodies (B8—41%; DRw3—25%). These data suggest the existence of a specific immune response gene for Ro close to the D region of the major histocompatibility complex.
Immunization of patients with sjögren's syndrome with pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine
Authors: Karsh Jacob , Pavlidis Nicholas , Schiffman Gerald , Moutsopoulos Haralampos M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThirty‐two patients with Sjögren's syndrome were randomly selected to receive either multivalent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine or saline placebo in a double‐blind study. Among placebo treated patients, levels of antipneumococcal antibodies remained constant. Immunized patients developed significant elevations of antibody concentrations against all 12 capsular serotypes measured. Levels fell, but persisted above baseline, for 8 of the serotypes 6 months after immunization. During the 6‐month study no clinical or serologic evidence of disease exacerbation occurred in either group. We conclude that pneumococcal vaccine can be safely and successfully administered to patients with Sjögren's syndrome.
Lack of platelet effect with the aspirin analog, salsalate
Authors: Estes Dorothy , Kaplan Karen 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPlatelet function as determined by platelet aggregation and the release reaction was found to be normal in 8 patients receiving a nonacetylated analog of aspirin, salsalate, while all 5 aspirin controls had abnormal platelet function. Mean bleeding time in patients taking salsalate was less than that in aspirin controls. This study demonstrates that salsalate, which has anti‐inflammatory activity and reduces prostaglandin synthesis, does not interfere with normal platelet function.
Ankylosing spondylitis in african blacks
Authors: Chalmers Ian M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOver a period of 4 years in a large African teaching hospital, only 8 patients with ankylosing spondylitis were seen. This small number supports the impression that the disease is rare in African blacks. Patients tended to be relatively old and to have severe disease. None had iritis or a positive family history. The HLAB27 antigen was found in found in only 1 patient.
Lymphocytotoxicity of anti‐klebsiella antisera in ankylosing spondylitis and related arthropathies. patient and family studies
Authors: Edmonds John , Macauley David , Tyndall Alan , Liew Mark , Alexander Kerri , Geczy Andrew , Bashir Helen 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAntisera to certain isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae have a specific lymphocytotoxic effect on the HLA–B27 bearing lymphocytes in 83% of B27 positive patients with ankylosing spondylitis and about 60% of patients with HLA–B27 positive Reiter's syndrome and asymmetrical peripheral arthritis. These findings indicate cross‐reactivity between a Klebsiella antigen and a “modified” HLA–B27 or a closely associated structure in patients with ankylosing spondylitis and related arthropathies. Family studies indicate that the alteration in HLA–B27 is not a direct genetic effect.
Experimental intervertebral disc degeneration. morphologic and proteoglycan changes over time
Authors: Jay Lipson Stephen , Muir Helen 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAn animal model of intervertebral disc degeneration produced by surgical ventral disc herniation in the rabbit is described. Histologic studies showed proliferation of cells on the inner third of the annular wound, with metaplasia into fibrocartilage in the first 2 weeks following injury. Progressive fibrocartilaginous change occurred, reproducing the morphologic changes of disc degeneration over the first 6 weeks involving nearly the entire disc. Proteoglycans (total and newly synthesized) were studied qualitatively and quantitatively for periods of 1 to 200 days after herniation. There were two periods of time during the early course of degeneration when the ability of the proteoglycans to aggregate by interaction with hyaluronic acid was recovered, but this decreases progressively after 6–7 weeks. There was an immediate loss of water content from the injured disc which was restored only transiently during the first 2 days after herniation. Thereafter the water content progressively decreased. The uronic acid content of the disc changed in parallel with the changes in water content. The hyaluronic acid content decreased rapidly after herniation. However, the size of the proteoglycan monomers did not change with degeneration. The biochemical and morphologic changes are correlated, and an early repair mechanism is postulated to exist after injury.
The lubricating activity of synovial fluid glycoproteins
Authors: Swann David A , Hendren Robert B , Radin Eric L , Sotman Stuart L 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFriction measurements were performed on fractions prepared from bovine synovial fluid by using a cartilage on glass apparatus. A fraction containing lubricating glycoprotein‐I (LGP‐I) as the only detectable component at concentrations of 30–50 μ/ml was able to lubricate in an identical manner to whole synovial fluid. These data indicate that LGP‐I is the molecule responsible for the lubricating ability of synovial fluid. 125Iodine‐labeled LGP‐I also lubricated in a manner similar to synovial fluid, whereas when this sample was reduced and alkylated or treated with neuraminidase, the lubricating activity was greatly decreased. In tests to measure binding of 125I LGP‐I to cartilage, an initial linear increase in binding was observed, followed by a decrease in binding at higher concentrations. In contrast, both the reduced and alkylated and the neuraminidase treated samples did not show the same concentration‐dependent binding to the cartilage. It is suggested, therefore, that at least part of the lubricating ability of LGP‐I is dependent upon its ability to bind to articular cartilage.
Prednisone and azathioprine for polymyositis. Long‐term followup
Authors: Bunch Thomas W 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwo groups of patients with polymyositis have been followed for approximately 3 years. One group was treated with prednisone alone and the other with prednisone plus azathioprine. Although the polymyositis of both groups has improved, no statistically significant difference was noted at the end of 3 months, as previously reported. Longer followup, however, has shown that the group given prednisone plus azathioprine has improved more with respect to functional disability; this group also requires less prednisone for disease control.
Plasmapheresis in systemic lupus erythematosus. a cautionary note
Authors: Schlansky Ronald , Dehoratius Raphael J , Pincus Theodore , S. K. Tung Kenneth 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPlasmapheresis was used as the sole treatment modality in 4 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. The presence of circulating immune complexes in this group of patients was not predictive of response to plasmapheresis. Lymphocytotoxic antibody levels fell in 3 of the 4 patients, and no consistent changes in T lymphocytes, T lymphocyte subsets, complement, or immunoglobulin levels were observed. Followup during the subsequent 6 months showed deterioration in clinical and laboratory parameters in all 4 patients, and the protocol was discontinued. Plasmapheresis without concomitant therapy may be detrimental to certain patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.
Survivorship in systemic lupus erythematosus. effect of antibody to extractable nuclear antigen
Authors: Hochberg Marc C , Dorsch Carole A , Feinglass Edward J , Betty Stevens Mary 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe course of 81 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who had sera tested for antibody to extractable nuclear antigen (ENA) was studied to determine the effect of the presence of antiENA antibody on survivorship. There were no differences in percent survival between the patients with and without antibody to ENA or those with and without antibody to the ribonucleoprotein (RNP) component of ENA. We conclude that there is no prognostic advantage to the presence of either antiENA or antiRNP antibody in patients with SLE.
“Milwaukee shoulder”—association of microspheroids containing hydroxyapatite crystals, active collagenase, and neutral protease with rotator cuff defects. i. clinical aspects
Authors: Mccarty Daniel J. , Halverson Paul B. , Carrera Guillermo F. , Brewer Bruce J. , Kozin Franklin 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFour women, aged 63 to 90 years old, presented with mildly painful shoulders of decreased mobility or stability. Radiographic evidence of a complete tear of the fibrous rotator cuff was present in 7 of 8 shoulder joints. Microspheroids containing hydroxyapatite crystals were seen by scanning electronmicroscopy in 12 of 13 synovial fluid samples. All synovial fluids showed activated collagenase and neutral protease activity. This constellation of findings represents a heretofore undescribed syndrome which we have designated “Milwaukee shoulder.”
BINDING SITES FOR IMMUNE COMPONENTS IN HUMAN CHOROID PLEXUS
Authors: Peress Nancy S. , Roxburgh Vivian A. , Gelfand Michael C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn immunologically mediated disorders such as systemic lupus erythematosus and experimental serum sickness, immunoglobulin and complement may be localized in the choroid plexus. This report demonstrates the presence of binding activity for the Fc fragment of IgG in 34 of 36 samples of human choroid plexus. We suggest that the number, distribution, and avidity of these Ig receptors may modulate the occurrence and/or severity of central nervous system symptoms in patients with immunologically mediated systemic diseases.