bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
It's time to celebrate!
Authors: Stutzmann Martin 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThe beginning of the 19th century was a remarkable period for culture and science, indeed. Many of Beethoven's great works were performed for the first time, the first asteroids Ceres and Pallas were discovered, Alessandro Volta informed the Royal Society in London about a new source for electrical current, the industrial revolution began with the invention of punch card controlled weaving machines by Jacquard and the appearance of steam engines as power sources for ships or trains, and Alexander von Humboldt travelled and surveyed the New World. At the same time, also the foundations of modern crystallography and solid state science were laid, with the discovery of many metallic elements and, most notably, the first editions of René Just Haüy's “Traité de Minéralogie” in 1801 and the “Traité de Physique” in 1803.On this scale of events, the opening of a small printing shop in lower Manhattan by Charles Wiley in 1807 remained practically unnoticed. However, in the following 200 years not only did solid state physics develop into one of the most active fields in modern science, but also the small printing shop did prosper into one of the largest science publishers worldwide. physica status solidi became part of the Wiley family with the acquisition of VCH in 1996 and, since then, has enjoyed the support and stimulating atmosphere as the largest solid state physics unit within Wiley. Thus, all members of the Editorial Office and all Editors of physica status solidi take great pleasure in congratulating Wiley on the occasion of the 2007 Bicentennial and expressing their best wishes for a prosperous future!Also physica status solidi has continued its growth and positive development under the publishing agreement entered with Wiley in 2002. Thus, the number of submitted and published articles has again increased significantly in the past year, by 20% and 25%, respectively. Among the other notable events in 2006 was the completion of the Physics and Astronomy Backfile Collection, which now provides easy and complete access to more than 300 000 pages published in physica status solidi since the foundation of the journal at www.interscience.wiley.com/backfiles/physics. And last but not least, the Rapid Research Letter section of physica status solidi has just been launched as an independent journal, pss‐RRL, complementing pss (a), pss (b), and pss (c) by providing a special service for the fast publication of important new findings in all areas of solid state physics. Please have a look at the home page of the new journal www.pss‐rapid.com for further details.As this year comes to an end, I would like to express my sincere thanks to our authors, referees, readers, and everybody involved in editing and producing physica status solidi for their continued interest, valuable contributions, and dedication. Good luck and all the best for 2007! And once again: Happy 200th anniversary, Wiley!Garching, December 2006
Using electrospray‐assisted pyrolysis ionization/mass spectrometry for the rapid characterization of trace polar components in crude oil, amber, humic substances, and rubber samples
Authors: Hsu Hsiu‐Jung , Oung Jung‐Nan , Kuo Tseng‐Long , Wu Suh‐Huey , Shiea Jentaie 
Published: January 2007

AbstractWe describe the use of electrospray‐assisted pyrolysis ionization/mass spectrometry (ESA‐Py/MS) to selectively ionize trace polar compounds that coexist with large amounts of nonpolar hydrocarbons in crude oil, amber, humic substances, and rubber samples. Samples of different origins are distinguished rapidly by their positive ion ESA‐Py mass spectra without prior separation or chemical pretreatment. During ESA‐Py analysis, the samples in their solid or liquid states were pyrolyzed at 590, 630 or 940°C using a commercial Curie‐point pyrolysis probe. The gaseous pyrolysates were transferred into a glass reaction cell. The polar compounds (M) in the pyrolysates were then ionized by electrospray ionization (ESI), yielding protonated molecules (MH+). Although the major components of the pyrolysates are nonpolar hydrocarbons, their lack of functional groups that can receive a proton in the ESA‐Py source results in no hydrocarbon ion signals being produced; thus, the positive ions detected in ESA‐Py mass spectra all result from trace polar components in the pyrolysates. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A robustness approach to linear control of mildly nonlinear processes
Authors: Schweickhardt T. , Allgöwer F. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractWe present a novel approach toward linear control of nonlinear systems. Combining robust control theory and nonlinearity measures, we derive a method to (i) assess the nonlinearity of a given control system, (ii) derive a suitable linear model (not necessarily equivalent to the local linearization), and (iii) design a linear controller that guarantees stability of the closed loop containing the nonlinear process. A distinctive feature of the approach is that the nonlinearity analysis, linear model derivation and linear controller synthesis can be done on an operating regime specified by the designer. Examples are given to illustrate the approach. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Musical part separation based on perceptual hierarchy
Authors: Kinoshita Tomoyoshi , Handa Ibuki , Muto Makoto , Sakai Shuichi , Tanaka Hidehiko 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThere have been many studies of auditory scene analysis in which an attempt was made to understand external events through acoustic signals. In particular, when the target is limited to music, there have been several studies aiming at automatic music scoring. In most previous studies, however, the procedure is constantly limited to local processing. Even if the procedure continues along the time axis, it is confined to the local neighborhood on the time axis, and only limited processing performance is realized. The purpose of this paper is to improve this aspect. A method is proposed which focuses on the hierarchical structure in the perception of the acoustic stream and extracts a single note string corresponding to each part from the music. In the proposed method, phrases are formed as an intermediate step in extracting the parts. Local clues are used in forming the phrases, and global clues are used in forming the parts. By using this approach, the parts are successfully extracted without problems such as explosion of the computational complexity. In a preliminary experiment, the parts were successfully extracted with a reproduction rate of approximately 80% and a fit rate of approximately 85%. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Comp Jpn, 38(2): 91– 100, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/scj.10310
Incorporating environment models for improving vision‐based tracking of people
Authors: Suzuki Tatsuya , Iwasaki Shinsuke , Kobayashi Yoshinori , Sato Yoichi , Sugimoto Akihiro 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThis paper presents a method for real‐time 3D human tracking based on the particle filter by incorporating environment models. We track a human head represented with its 3D position and orientation by integrating the multiple cues from a set of distributed sensors. In particular, the multi‐viewpoint color and depth images obtained from distributed stereo camera systems and the 3D shape of an indoor environment measured with a range sensor are used as the cues for 3D human head tracking. The 3D shape of an indoor environment allows us to assume the existing probability of a human head (we call this probability the environment model). While tracking the human head, we consider the environment model to improve the robustness of tracking in addition to the multi‐camera's color and depth images. These cues including the environment model are used in the hypothesis evaluation and integrated naturally into the particle filter framework. The effectiveness of our proposed method is verified through experiments in a real environment. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Comp Jpn, 38(2): 71–80, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/scj.20612
A method for language‐specific Web crawling and its evaluation
Authors: Tamura Takayuki , Somboonviwat Kulwadee , Kitsuregawa Masaru 
Published: January 2007

AbstractMany countries have created Web archiving projects aiming at long‐term preservation of Web information, which is now considered precious in cultural and social aspects. However, because of its borderless character, the Web poses obstacles to comprehensively gathering information originating in a specific nation or culture.This paper proposes an efficient method for selectively collecting Web pages written in a specific language. First, a linguistic graph analysis of real Web data obtained from a large crawl is conducted in order to derive a crawling guideline, which makes use of language attributes per Web server. The guideline then is formed into a few variations of link selection strategies. Simulation‐based evaluation reveals that one of the strategies, which carefully accepts newly discovered Web servers, shows superior results in terms of harvest rate/coverage and runtime efficiency. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Comp Jpn, 38(2): 10–20, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/scj.20693
A self‐distributing software environment for immersive multiprojector displays
Authors: Hashimoto Naoki , Ishida Yoshihiko , Sato Makoto 
Published: January 2007

AbstractIn multiprojector displays which surround users with high‐resolution images, a PC‐Cluster is often used for realistic and real‐time image generation. However, it is quite troublesome to develop applications which support parallel processing on the PC‐Cluster. It is also difficult to acquire enough rendering performance because of the limited bandwidth of the PC‐Cluster. Therefore, we aim to achieve affordable and accessible software environments for the multiprojector displays. In this paper, we describe a self‐distributing software environment for inheriting existent game engines which provide basic functions of realizing virtual environments. This environment achieves minimum data communication based on a master–slave model. The communication mechanism is automatically applied to target applications by intercepting APIs. Hence, we can directly exploit high capability of the existing game engines on the multiprojector displays. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Comp Jpn, 38(2): 1–9, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/scj.20705
Statistical evidence for GLM regression parameters: A robust likelihood approach
Authors: Blume Jeffrey D. , Su Li , Olveda Remigio M. , McGarvey Stephen T. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractWhen a likelihood ratio is used to measure the strength of evidence for one hypothesis over another, its reliability (i.e. how often it produces misleading evidence) depends on the specification of the working model. When the working model happens to be the ‘true’ or ‘correct’ model, the probability of observing strong misleading evidence is low and controllable. But this is not necessarily the case when the working model is misspecified. Royall and Tsou (J. R. Stat. Soc., Ser. B2003;65:391–404) show how to adjust working models to make them robust to misspecification. Likelihood ratios derived from their ‘robust adjusted likelihood’ are just as reliable (asymptotically) as if the working model were correctly specified in the first place. In this paper, we apply and extend these ideas to the generalized linear model (GLM) regression setting. We provide several illustrations (both from simulated data and real data concerning rates of parasitic infection in Philippine adolescents), show how the required adjustment factor can be obtained from standard statistical software, and draw some connections between this approach and the ‘sandwich estimator’ for robust standard errors of regression parameters. This substantially broadens the availability and the viability of likelihood methods for measuring statistical evidence in regression settings. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A likelihood approach to estimating sensitivity and specificity for binocular data: application in ophthalmology
Authors: de Leon A. R. , Guo M. , Rudnisky C. J. , Singh G. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractBinocular data typically arise in ophthalmology where pairs of eyes are evaluated, through some diagnostic procedure, for the presence of certain diseases or pathologies. Treating eyes as independent and adopting the usual approach in estimating the sensitivity and specificity of a diagnostic test ignores the correlation between eyes. This may consequently yield incorrect estimates, especially of the standard errors. The paper proposes a likelihood‐based method of accounting for the correlations between eyes and estimating sensitivity and specificity using a model for binocular or paired binary outcomes. Estimation of model parameters via maximum likelihood is outlined and approximate tests are provided. The efficiency of the estimates is assessed in a simulation study. An extension of the methodology to the case of several diagnostic tests, or the same test measured on several occasions, which arises in multi‐reader studies, is given. A further extension to the case of multiple diseases is outlined as well. Data from a study on diabetic retinopathy are analysed to illustrate the methodology. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Early stopping clinical trials of binomial response with an exact group sequential method
Authors: Zhao Zhen 
Published: January 2007

AbstractIn Phase II clinical trials much slower patient enrollment and intervening results of comparable trials can make it desirable to stop trials early when the data indicate no relevant effect. For a binomial response, we adopt an exact group sequential method as a decision tool to assess whether the trial could be stopped early or not. We have applied the exact group sequential method to a Phase II Tuberculosis clinical trial, and the results have been compared with that from error spending and conditional power approaches. We conclude that the exact group sequential method is more efficient for interim analysis in clinical trials than the error spending and conditional power approaches. Published in 2007 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Furan fatty acids: Occurrence, synthesis, and reactions. Are furan fatty acids responsible for the cardioprotective effects of a fish diet?
Authors: Spiteller Gerhard 
Published: January 2007

AbstractFuran FA (F‐acids) are tri‐or tetrasubstituted furan derivatives characterized by either a propyl or pentyl side chain in one of the α‐positions; the other is substituted by a straight long‐chain saturated acid with a carboxylic group at its end. F‐acids are generated in large amounts in algae, but they are also produced by plants and microorganisms. Fish and other marine organisms as well as mammals consume F‐acids in their food and incorporate them into phospholipids and cholesterol esters. F‐acids are catabolized to dibasic urofuran acids, which are excreted in the urine. The biogenetic precursor of the most abundant F‐acid, F6, is linoleic acid. Methyl groups in the β‐position are derived from adenosylmethionine. Owing to the different alkyl substituents, synthesis of F‐acids requires multistep reactions. F‐acids react readily with peroxyl radicals to generate dioxoenes. The radical‐scavenging ability of F‐acids may contribute to the protective properties of fish and fish oil diets against mortality from heart disease.
Eicosapentaenoic acid, but not oleic acid, stimulates β‐oxidation in adipocytes
Authors: Guo Wen , Xie Weisheng , Lei TianGuang , Hamilton James A. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThe beneficial roles of dietary fish oil in lowering serum TAG levels in animals and humans have been attributed in part to the high content of two n−3 polyunsaturated very long‐chain FA, EPA, and DHA. Recent studies show that EPA induces mitochondrial β‐oxidation in hepatocytes, which might contribute to the systemic lipid‐lowering effect. Whether EPA affects FA storage or oxidation in adipocytes is not clear. To investigate this possibility, 3T3‐L1 adipocytes incubated with EPA (100 μM) for 24 h were assayed for β‐oxidation, carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 (CPT‐1) activity, protein, and mRNA expression of CPT‐1. For comparison, cells treated with oleic acid, octanoic acid, and clofibrate, a synthetic ligand for peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor α were also analyzed. Mitochondria were isolated by differential centrifugation, and the mitochondrial membrane acyl chain composition was measured by GLC. EPA increased the oxidation of endogenous FA but did not inhibit lipogenesis. Oleic acid and clofibrate did not affect FA oxidation or lipogenesis, whereas octanoic acid suppressed the oxidation of endogenous FA and inhibited lipogenesis. Increased β‐oxidation by EPA was associated with increased CPT‐1 activity but without changes in its mRNA and protein expression. EPA treatment increased the percentage of this FA in the mitochondrial membrane lipids. We suggest that EPA increased the activity of CPT‐1 and β‐oxidation in adipocytes by altering the structure or dynamics of the mitochondrial membranes.
Effect of abomasal infusions of geometric isomers of 10,12 conjugated linoleic acid on milk fat synthesis in dairy cows
Authors: Sæbø Asgeir , Sæbø Per‐Christian , Griinari J. Mikko , Shingfield Kevin J. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThe trans‐10, cis‐12 isomer of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) decreases TAG accumulation in 3T3‐L1 adipocytes, reduces lipid accretion in growing animals, and inhibits milk fat synthesis in lactating mammals. However, there is evidence to suggest that other FA may also exert antilipogenic effects. In the current experiment, the effects of geometric isomers of 10,12 CLA on milk fat synthesis were examined using four Holstein‐British Friesian cows in a 4×4 Latin Square experiment with 14‐d periods. Treatments consisted of abomasal infusions of skim milk, or skim milk containing trans‐10, cis‐12 CLA (T1), trans‐10, trans‐12 CLA (T2), or a mixture of predominantly 10,12 isomers containing (g/100 g) trans‐10, cis‐12 (35.0), cis‐10, trans‐12 (23.2), trans‐10, trans‐12 (14.9), and cis‐10, cis‐12 (5.1). CLA supplements were prepared from purified ethyl linoleate and infused as nonesterified FA. Infusions were conducted over a 4‐d period with a 10‐d interval between treatments and targeted to deliver 4.5 g/d of 10,12 CLA isomers. Compared with the control, trans‐10, trans‐12 CLA had no effect (P>0.05) on milk fat yield, whereas treatments T1 and T3 depressed (P<0.05) milk fat content (19.8 and 22.9%, respectively) and decreased milk fat output (20.8 and 21.3%, respectively). Comparable reductions in milk fat synthesis to 4.14 and 1.80 g trans‐10, cis‐12/d supplied by treatments T1 and T3 indicate that other 10,12 geometric isomers of CLA have the potential to exert antilipogenic effects. The relative abundance of cis‐10, trans‐12 CLA in treatment T3 and the low transfer efficiency of this isomer into milk suggest that cis‐10, trans‐12 CLA was the active component.
Isolation and characterization of some hydroxy fatty and phosphoric acid esters of 10‐hydroxy‐2‐decenoic acid from the royal jelly of honeybees (Apis mellifera)
Authors: Noda Naoki , Umebayashi Kazue , Nakatani Takafumi , Miyahara Kazumoto , Ishiyama Kaori 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThe present work characterizes novel FA in the royal jelly of honeybees (Apis mellifera). TLC analysis showed that the chloroform/methanol extract obtained from royal jelly consists mainly of FA. The FABMS spectrum of this extract gave several ion peaks due to compounds with higher M.W. than those of the FA so far reported. The methanol extract was found to contain unknown phospholipids. By means of reversed‐phase HPLC with various solvent systems, 13 compounds were obtained in pure state. Their structures including absolute configurations were determined by chemical, NMR, and MS spectral analysis. Six compounds were identified as novel mono‐ or diesters of 10‐hydroxy‐2E‐decenoic acid in which the hydroxyl group was esterified by another FA unit, and one was hydroxy‐2E‐decenoic acid 10‐phosphate. In addition, we demonstrated that 9‐hydroxy‐2E‐decenoic acid exists as a mixture of optical isomers.
Synthesis and characterization of a series of carbamate‐linked cationic lipids for gene delivery
Authors: Liu Dongliang , Hu ianjun , Qiao Weihong , Li Zongshi , Zhan Shubiao , Cheng Lvbo 
Published: January 2007

AbstractA series of pH‐sensitive lipids, 1a‐h [(2,3‐bis‐alkyl‐carbamoyloxy‐propyl)‐trialkylammonium halide] and 2a‐d (1‐dimethylamino‐2,3‐bis‐alkylcarbamoyloxy‐propane), with carbamate linkages between the hydrocarbon chains and an ammonium or tertiary amine head, were synthesized for liposome‐mediated gene delivery. The variable length of the carbon chains and the quaternary ammonium or neutral tertiary amine heads allowed us to identify the structure‐function relationship showing how these factors would affect cationic lipid in gene delivery performance.
A rapid method for the quantification of fatty acids in fats and oils with emphasis on trans fatty acids using fourier transform near infrared spectroscopy (FT‐NIR)
Authors: Azizian Hormoz , Kramer John K. G. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractA rapid method was developed for classifying and quantifying the FA composition of edible oils and fats using Fourier Transform near infrared spectroscopy (FT‐NIR). The FT‐NIR spectra showed unique fingerprints for saturated FA, cis and trans monounsaturated FA, and all n−6 and n−3 PUFA within TAG to permit qualitative and quantitative comparisons of fats and oils. The quantitative models were based on incorporating accurate GC data of the different fats and oils and FT‐NIR spectral information into the calibration model using chemometric analysis. FT‐NIR classification models were developed based on chemometric analyses of 55 fats, oils, and fat/oil mixtures that were used in the identification of similar materials. This database was used to prepare three calibration models—one suitable for the analysis of common fats and oils with low levels of trans FA, and the other two for fats and oils with intermediate and high levels of trans FA. The FT‐NIR method showed great potential to provide the complete FA composition of unknown fats and oils in minutes. Compared with the official GC method, the FT‐NIR method analyzed fats and oils directly in their neat form and required no derivatization of the fats to volatile FAME, followed by time‐consuming GC separations and analyses. The FT‐NIR method also compared well with the official FTIR method using an attenuated total reflectance (ATR) cell; the latter provided only quantification of specific functional groups, such as the total trans FA content, whereas FT‐NIR provided the complete FA profile. The FT‐NIR method has the potential to be used for rapid screening and/or monitoring of fat products, trans FA determinations for regulatory labeling purposes, and detection of contaminants. The quantitative FT‐NIR results for various edible oils and fats and their mixtures are presented based on the FT‐NIR model developed.