bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dopant‐Free Pyrene‐Based Hole Transporting Material Enables Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Zhang Xianfu , Liu Xuepeng , Tirani Farzaneh Fadaei , Ding Bin , Chen Jianlin , Rahim Ghadari , Han Mingyuan , Zhang Kai , Zhou Ying , Quan Hongyang , Li Botong , Du Weilun , Brooks Keith G. , Dai Songyuan , Fei Zhaofu , Asiri Abdullah M. , Dyson Paul J. , Nazeeruddin Mohammad Khaja , Ding Yong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDopant‐free hole transporting materials (HTMs) is significant to the stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Here, we developed a novel star‐shape arylamine HTM, termed Py‐DB, with a pyrene core and carbon‐carbon double bonds as the bridge units. Compared to the reference HTM (termed Py‐C), the extension of the planar conjugation backbone endows Py‐DB with typical intermolecular π–π stacking interactions and excellent solubility, resulting in improved hole mobility and film morphology. In addition, the lower HOMO energy level of the Py‐DB HTM provides efficient hole extraction with reduced energy loss at the perovskite/HTM interface. Consequently, an impressive power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 24.33 % was achieved for dopant‐free Py‐DB‐based PSCs, which is the highest PCE for dopant‐free small molecular HTMs in n‐i‐p configured PSCs. The dopant‐free Py‐DB‐based device also exhibits improved long‐term stability, retaining over 90 % of its initial efficiency after 1000 h exposure to 25 % humidity at 60 °C. These findings provide valuable insights and approaches for the further development of dopant‐free HTMs for efficient and reliable PSCs.
Sensory experiences questionnaire unravels differences in sensory profiles between MECP2‐related disorders
Authors: Suter Bernhard , Pehlivan Davut , Ak Muharrem , Harris Holly K. , Lyons‐Warren Ariel M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe methyl CpG‐binding protein‐2 (MECP2) gene is located on the Xq28 region. Loss of function mutations or increased copies of MECP2 result in Rett syndrome (RTT) and MECP2 duplication syndrome (MDS), respectively. Individuals with both disorders exhibit overlapping autism symptoms, yet few studies have dissected the differences between these gene dosage sensitive disorders. Further, research examining sensory processing patterns in persons with RTT and MDS is largely absent. Thus, the goal of this study was to analyze and compare sensory processing patterns in persons with RTT and MDS. Towards this goal, caregivers of 50 female individuals with RTT and 122 male individuals with MDS, between 1 and 46 years of age, completed a standardized measure of sensory processing, the Sensory Experiences Questionnaire. Patterns detected in both disorders were compared against each other and against normative values. We found sensory processing abnormalities for both hyper‐ and hypo‐sensitivity in both groups. Interestingly, abnormalities in MDS were more pronounced compared with in RTT, particularly with items concerning hypersensitivity and sensory seeking, but not hyposensitivity. Individuals with MDS also exhibited greater sensory symptoms compared with RTT in the areas of tactile and vestibular sensory processing and for both social and nonsocial stimuli. This study provides a first description of sensory symptoms in individuals with RTT and individuals with MDS. Similar to other neurodevelopmental disorders, a variety of sensory processing abnormalities was found. These findings reveal a first insight into sensory processing abnormalities caused by a dosage sensitive gene and may ultimately help guide therapeutic approaches for these disorders.
Autistic and nonautistic adolescents do not differ in adaptation to gaze direction
Authors: Ward Emma K. , Buitelaar Jan K. , Hunnius Sabine 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPredictive processing accounts of autism posit that autistic individuals' perception is less biased by expectations than nonautistic individuals', perhaps through stronger precision‐weighting of prediction errors. Since precision‐weighting is fundamental to all information processing, under this theory, the differences between autistic and nonautistic individuals should be domain‐general and observable in both behavior and brain responses. This study used EEG, behavioral responses, and eye‐tracking co‐registration during gaze‐direction adaptation, to investigate whether increased precision‐weighting of prediction errors is evident through smaller adaptation after‐effects in autistic adolescents compared with nonautistic peers. Multilevel modeling showed that autistic and nonautistic adolescents' responses were consistent with behavioral adaptation, with Bayesian statistics providing extremely strong evidence for the absence of a group difference. Cluster‐based permutation testing of ERP responses did not show the expected adaptation after‐effect but did show habituation to repeated stimulus presentation, and no group difference was detected, a result not consistent with the theoretical account. Combined with the few other available studies, the current findings raise challenges for the theory, suggesting no fundamental difference in precision‐weighting of prediction errors in autism.
LC–MS/MS determination of N‐acetyl‐l‐cysteine in chicken plasma
Authors: Roydeva Albena , Milanova Aneliya 
Published: March 2024

AbstractN‐acetyl‐l‐cysteine (NAC) shows beneficial effects in cases of aflatoxicosis and heat stress in poultry but little is known about its pharmacokinetics in chickens. Therefore, the study aimed to develop and validate a sensitive LC–MS/MS analytical method for quantitative analysis of NAC in chicken plasma. A split calibration curve approach was used for determination of NAC in chicken plasma. Standard curves for low (0.05–2.5 μg/ml) and high (2.5–100 μg/ml) ranges of concentrations were prepared. The standard curves for low (r2 = 0.9987) and high (r2 = 0.9899) concentrations were linear within the tested range. The limits of detection (LOD) and of quantification (LOQ) for the standard at low concentrations were 0.093 and 0.28 μg/ml, respectively. The accuracy was from 97.35 to 101.33%. The values of LOD and LOQ for the standard at high concentrations were 0.76 and 2.30 μg/ml, respectively. The accuracy was between 99.77 and 112.14%. The intra‐ and inter‐day precisions for all concentrations from both standards did not exceed 8.57% and 10.69%, respectively. The recovery for all concentrations was between 92.45 and 105.52%. The validated method for determination of NAC in chicken plasma can be applied in future pharmacokinetic studies in chickens without dilution of samples and their repeated analysis.
Attitudes toward the American Cancer Society’s 2020 cervical cancer screening guidelines: A qualitative study of a national sample of US clinicians
Authors: Michel Alexandra D. , Fontenot Holly B. , Fuzzell Lindsay , Brownstein Naomi C. , Lake Paige , Vadaparampil Susan T. , Perkins Rebecca B. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe 2020 American Cancer Society (ACS) guidelines are the most recent national guidelines for cervical cancer screening. These guidelines propose two major changes from current practice: initiating screening at age 25 years and using primary human papillomavirus (HPV) testing. Adoption of guidelines often occurs slowly, and therefore understanding clinician attitudes is important to facilitate practice change.MethodsInterviews with a national sample of clinicians who perform cervical cancer screening in a variety of settings explored attitudes toward the two major changes from the 2020 ACS cervical cancer screening guidelines. Clinicians participated in 30‐ to 60‐min interviews exploring their attitudes toward various aspects of cervical cancer screening. Qualitative analysis was performed.ResultsSeventy clinicians participated from across the United States. Few respondents were initiating screening at age 25 years, and none were using primary HPV testing. However, over half would be willing to adopt these practices if supported by scientific evidence and recommended by professional medical organizations. Barriers to adoption included the lack of endorsement by professional societies, lack of laboratory availability and insurance coverage, limited autonomy within large health care systems, and concerns related to missed disease.ConclusionsFew clinicians have adopted screening initiation or primary HPV testing, as recommended by the 2020 ACS guidelines, but over half were open to adopting these changes. Implementation may be facilitated via professional organization endorsement, clinician education, and laboratory, health care system, and insurance support.Plain Language Summary

In 2020, the American Cancer Society (ACS) released updated guidelines for cervical cancer screening. The main changes to current practices were to initiate screening at age 25 years instead of age 21 years and to screen using primary human papillomavirus (HPV) testing rather than cytology alone or in combination with HPV testing.
We performed in‐depth interviews with 70 obstetrics and gynecology, family medicine, and internal medicine physicians and advanced practice providers about their attitudes toward these guidelines.
Few clinicians are following the 2020 ACS guidelines, but over half were open to changing practice if the changes were supported by evidence and recommended by professional medical organizations. Barriers to adoption included the lack of endorsement by professional medical organizations, logistical issues, and concerns about missed disease.
Impact of mindfulness‐based and health self‐management interventions on mindfulness, self‐compassion, and physical activity in older adults with subjective cognitive decline: A secondary analysis of the SCD‐Well randomized controlled trial
Authors: D'elia Ylenia , Whitfield Tim , Schlosser Marco , Lutz Antoine , Barnhofer Thorsten , Chételat Gaël , Marchant Natalie L. , Gonneaud Julie , Klimecki Olga ,   The Medit‐Ageing group
Published: March 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONOlder adults experiencing subjective cognitive decline (SCD) have a higher risk of dementia. Reducing this risk through behavioral interventions, which can increase emotional well‐being (mindfulness and compassion) and physical activity, is crucial in SCD.METHODSSCD‐Well is a multicenter, observer‐blind, randomized, controlled, superiority trial. Three hundred forty‐seven participants (mean [standard deviation] age: 72.7 [6.9] years; 64.6% women) were recruited from memory clinics in four European sites to assess the impact of an 8‐week caring mindfulness‐based approach for seniors (CMBAS) and a health self‐management program (HSMP) on mindfulness, self‐compassion, and physical activity.RESULTSCMBAS showed a significant within‐group increase in self‐compassion from baseline to post‐intervention and both a within‐ and between‐group increase to follow‐up visit (24 weeks). HSMP showed a significant within‐ and between‐group increase in physical activity from baseline to post‐intervention and to follow‐up visit.DISCUSSIONNon‐pharmacological interventions can differentially promote modifiable factors linked to healthy aging in older adults with SCD.
Synaptic pruning during adolescence shapes adult social behavior in both males and females
Authors: Kirkland Julia M. , Edgar Erin L. , Patel Ishan , Feustel Paul , Belin Sophie , Kopec Ashley M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractEvolutionarily conserved, peer‐directed social behaviors are essential to participate in many aspects of human society. These behaviors directly impact psychological, physiological, and behavioral maturation. Adolescence is an evolutionarily conserved period during which reward‐related behaviors, including social behaviors, develop via developmental plasticity in the mesolimbic dopaminergic “reward” circuitry of the brain. The nucleus accumbens (NAc) is an intermediate reward relay center that develops during adolescence and mediates both social behaviors and dopaminergic signaling. In several developing brain regions, synaptic pruning mediated by microglia, the resident immune cells of the brain, is important for normal behavioral development. We previously demonstrated that during adolescence, in rats, microglial synaptic pruning shapes the development of NAc and social play behavior in males and females. In this report, we hypothesize that interrupting microglial pruning in NAc during adolescence will have persistent effects on male and female social behavior in adulthood. We found that inhibiting microglial pruning in the NAc during adolescence had different effects on social behavior in males and females. In males, inhibiting pruning increased familiar exploration and increased nonsocial contact. In females, inhibiting pruning did not change familiar exploration behavior but increased active social interaction. This leads us to infer that naturally occurring NAc pruning serves to reduce social behaviors toward a familiar conspecific in both males and females.
Repetitive neonatal procedural pain affects stress‐induced plasma corticosterone increase in young adult females but not in male rats
Authors: Baudat Mathilde , Simons Sinno H. P. , Joosten Elbert A. J. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractExposure to repetitive painful procedures in the neonatal intensive care unit results in long‐lasting effects, especially visible after a “second hit” in adulthood. As the nociceptive system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis interact and are vulnerable in early life, repetitive painful procedures in neonates may affect later‐life HPA axis reactivity. The first aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of repetitive neonatal procedural pain on plasma corticosterone levels after mild acute stress (MAS) in young adult rats. Second, the study examined if MAS acts as a “second hit” and affects mechanical sensitivity. Fifty‐two rats were either needle pricked four times a day, disturbed, or left undisturbed during the first neonatal week. At 8 weeks, the animals were subjected to MAS, and plasma was collected before (t0), after MAS (t20), and at recovery (t60). Corticosterone levels were analyzed using an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, and mechanical sensitivity was assessed with von Frey filaments. Results demonstrate that repetitive neonatal procedural pain reduces stress‐induced plasma corticosterone increase after MAS only in young adult females and not in males. Furthermore, MAS does not affect mechanical sensitivity in young adult rats. Altogether, the results suggest an age‐ and sex‐dependent effect of repetitive neonatal procedural pain on HPA axis reprogramming.
The Neotropical endemic liverwort subfamily Micropterygioideae had circum‐Antarctic links to the rest of the Lepidoziaceae during the early Cretaceous
Authors: Rayos Antonio L. , Renner Matthew A. M. , Ho Simon Y. W. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractLepidoziaceae are the third‐largest family of liverworts, with about 860 species distributed on all continents. The evolutionary history of this family has not been satisfactorily resolved, with taxa such as Micropterygioideae yet to be included in phylogenetic analyses. We inferred a dated phylogeny of Lepidoziaceae using a data set consisting of 13 genetic markers, sampled from 147 species. Based on our phylogenetic estimate, we used statistical dispersal‐vicariance analysis to reconstruct the biogeographic history of the family. We inferred a crown age of 197 Ma (95% credible interval 157–240 Ma) for the family in the Australian region, with most major lineages also originating in the same region. Micropterygioideae are placed as the sister group to Lembidioideae, with these two lineages diverging from each other about 132 Ma in the South American–Australian region. With South America and Australia being connected through Antarctica at the time, our results suggest a circum‐Antarctic link between Micropterygioideae and the rest of the family. Crown Micropterygioideae were inferred to have arisen 45 Ma in South America before the continent separated from Antarctica. Extinction from southern temperate regions might explain the present‐day restriction of Micropterygioideae to the Neotropics. Our study reveals the influence of past geological events, such as continental drift, on the evolution and distribution of a widespread and diverse family of liverworts.
Upper and lower limb impact loading during artistic gymnastics foundation floor tumbling skills
Authors: Campbell Rhiannon A. , Bradshaw Elizabeth J. , Ball Nick , Hunter Adam , Spratford Wayne 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe floor apparatus is associated with the highest rate of injury for male and female gymnasts in training and competition. This study aims to determine the magnitude of the upper and lower body impact loading when performing foundation floor tumbling skills and sequences. Fourteen sub‐elite artistic gymnasts (male, n = 9; female, n = 5) performed eight tumbling skills and sequences while wearing four inertial measurement units (IMU; upper back, lower back, forearm, and tibia). The peak resultant acceleration (PRA) during all ground contacts was calculated. The forearm and upper back PRA were analyzed for hand contacts, while the lower back and tibia PRA were analyzed for foot contacts. Descriptive statistics (median and inter‐quartile range), Wilcoxon signed‐rank tests and Friedman's ANOVA were calculated between IMU positions and gymnastics skills. Distal IMUs (forearm and tibia) recorded significantly higher loading than proximal IMUs (upper and lower back) for all ground contacts. Proximal IMUs experienced dampening due to shock attenuation properties of the human body, as these positions are located further away from the impact site. Additionally, some foundation skills exposed gymnasts to higher loading when the skill was performed separately, while other skills exposed gymnasts to higher loading when the skill was performed in a tumbling sequence. Training foundation skills separately and as a part of a tumbling sequence exposes the upper and lower body structures to high levels of impact loading. These results can be used by coaches to help in the design of safe training programs.
Soil erosion resistance of gully system under different plant communities on the Loess Plateau of China
Authors: Zeng Rongchang , Zhang Guanghui , Su Xufei , Wang Chengshu 
Published: March 2024

AbstractGully erosion, considered as a type of intensive erosion, is the dominant source of sediment at small watershed scales in certain environments. Variation of vegetation may result in the changes in near soil surface characteristics, which likely further affect the resistance of gully systems to erosion. However, the potential effects of near soil surface characteristics of plant communities on resistance to erosion are still unclear in gully systems. This study was performed to investigate the variations in resistance of gully systems to erosion under different plant communities and to identify the dominant influencing factors leading to these variations on the Loess Plateau. Five typical plant communities (two grasses, two shrubs and one forest) that distributed on different gully systems were selected. Six hundred undisturbed soil samples collected from different sites of gully systems were subjected to detach by overland flow under six different shear stresses (6.66 to 15.02 Pa). The results showed that the mean soil detachment capacity of gully systems covered by grass and shrub communities was 0.15 and 0.37 times to that of gully system covered by forest. Compared to forest gully systems, rill erodibility reduced by 29.8% to 85.6% for the other four plant communities. The relative rill erodibility of different vegetation communities generally increased from grass to shrub and forest communities. The critical shear stress of forest gully system was 58.7% and 63.8% of gully systems covered by grass (6.22 Pa) and shrub (5.73 Pa) communities. Bulk density, soil cohesion, water stable aggregate, root mass density, and the thickness of biological soil crust were the dominant factors affecting the resistance of gully systems to soil erosion. Rill erodibility decreased logarithmically with increasing soil cohesion, water stable aggregate and root mass density. Critical shear stress increased with the increase of soil cohesion and root mass density as a power function, and linearly with the increase of water stable aggregate. These results show how vegetation can mitigate against the erosion induced by concentrated flow in relatively stable gully systems.
Hyperlipidemia is negatively associated with pregnancy outcomes in patients following frozen‐thawed embryo transfer: A retrospective study
Authors: Yang Fang , Mao Wei , Ge Yan‐Mei , Zhao Xia , Song Jie , Lu Jin‐Chun , Liang Yuan‐Jiao 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsIt is demonstrated that lipid metabolism disorders are associated with the reproductive performances of assisted reproductive technology. However, it is little known whether hyperlipidemia is associated with the endometrial receptivity and pregnancy outcomes of patients undergoing frozen‐thawed embryo transfer (FET).MethodsThis was a retrospective analysis involving 554 infertile women undergoing FET. The patients were divided into the hyperlipidemia group (n = 224) and control group (n = 320) based on the levels of serum lipids. The clinical and laboratory indexes between the two groups were compared. Meanwhile, the stratified analysis based on body mass index (BMI) and endometrial preparation protocols was performed. The independent samples t‐test, Mann−Whitney U test, χ2 test and multiple logistic regression analysis were used to compare and analyze the data.ResultsThe patients with hyperlipidemia had significantly higher serum lipids levels and BMI and lower clinical pregnancy and implantation rates than those with normal blood lipids (p < 0.05). The impact of hyperlipidemia on pregnancy outcomes was independent of BMI. The multiple logistic regression analysis showed that higher cholesterol was associated with lower pregnancy rate and implantation rate (p < 0.05). Regardless of blood lipid levels, the patients undergoing the hormone replacement therapy (HRT) protocol had higher estradiol levels and lower progesterone levels compared with the stimulated cycles (STC) (p < 0.05). Moreover, the clinical pregnancy rate and implantation rate of the HRT protocol were higher than those of the STC, although there was no significant difference between the two.ConclusionHyperlipidemia especially higher cholesterol has a negative effect on the pregnancy outcomes of the patients undergoing FET. Actively implementing lipid‐lowering treatment and the HRT protocol seem more friendly for these patients.