bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ER membrane complex (EMC): Structure, functions, and roles in diseases
Authors: Zhu Qi , Zhu Xianjun , Zhang Lin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the largest membrane system in eukaryotic cells and is the primary site for the biosynthesis of lipids and carbohydrates, as well as for the folding, assembly, modification, and transport of secreted and integrated membrane proteins. The ER membrane complex (EMC) on the ER membrane is an ER multiprotein complex that affects the quality control of membrane proteins, which is abundant and widely preserved. Its disruption has been found to affect a wide range of processes, including protein and lipid synthesis, organelle communication, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and viral maturation, and may lead to neurodevelopmental disorders and cancer. Therefore, EMC has attracted the attention of many scholars and become a hot field. In this paper, we summarized the main contributions of the research of EMC in the past nearly 15 years, and reviewed the structure and function of EMC as well as its related diseases. We hope this review will promote further progress of research on EMC.
Development of the Gerontological Nursing Competency Questionnaire
Authors: Picella David Vincent , Woods Diana Lynn 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

AIM
The aim of this study was to develop an instrument to measure competencies of gerontological nursing faculty.

BACKGROUND
There is no accepted instrument to assess competencies of gerontological nursing faculty.

METHOD
To develop the Gerontological Nursing Competency Questionnaire (GNCQ), we used a modified Delphi technique focused on consensus building among experts from the National Hartford Center for Gerontological Nursing Excellence. The 25-item GNCQ measures confidence in knowledge, confidence in teaching, and interest in further training in gerontological nursing. The instrument was piloted in a large nursing department at a university in southern California.

RESULTS
Low faculty competencies in knowledge and teaching and low interest in further training were observed.

CONCLUSION
The GNCQ demonstrated initial content validity and an ability to identify key areas of deficiency in knowledge and teaching among nursing faculty. It may be used for improvement initiatives in gerontological nursing programs.
Prognostic value of tumor deposits and positive lymph node ratio in stage III colorectal cancer: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Liu Lei , Ji Jie , Ge Xianxiu , Ji Zuhong , Li Jiacong , Wu Jie , Zhu Juntao , Yao Jianan , Zhu Fangyu , Mao Boneng , Cao Zhihong , Zhou Jinyi , Miao Lin , Ji Guozhong , Hang Dong 
Published: March 2024

Background:
In colorectal cancer (CRC), tumor deposits (TD) have been used to guide the N staging only in node-negative patients. It remains unknown about the prognostic value of TD in combination with positive lymph node ratio (LNR) in stage III CRC.

Patients and methods:
The authors analyzed data from 31 139 eligible patients diagnosed with stage III CRC, including 30 230 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database as a training set and 909 from two Chinese hospitals as a validation set. The associations of TD and LNR with cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS) were evaluated using the Kaplan–Meier method and Cox regression models.

Results:
Both TD-positive and high LNR (value ≥0.4) were associated with worse CSS in the training [multivariable hazard ratio (HR), 1.50; 95% CI: 1.43–1.58 and HR, 1.74; 95% CI: 1.62–1.86, respectively] and validation sets (HR, 1.90; 95% CI: 1.41–2.54 and HR, 2.01; 95% CI: 1.29–3.15, respectively). Compared to patients with TD-negative and low LNR (value<0.4), those with TD-positive and high LNR had a 4.09-fold risk of CRC-specific death in the training set (HR, 4.09; 95% CI: 3.54–4.72) and 4.60-fold risk in the validation set (HR, 4.60; 95% CI: 2.88–7.35). Patients with TD-positive/H-LNR CRC on the right side had the worst prognosis (P<0.001). The combined variable of TD and LNR contributed the most to CSS prediction in the training (24.26%) and validation (32.31%) sets. A nomogram including TD and LNR showed satisfactory discriminative ability, and calibration curves indicated favorable consistency in both the training and validation sets.

Conclusions:
TD and LNR represent independent prognostic predictors for stage III CRC. A combination of TD and LNR could be used to identify those at high-risk of CRC deaths.
Predictive value of NT-proBNP and hs-TnT for outcomes after pediatric congenital cardiac surgery
Authors: Shen Huayan , He Qiyu , Shao Xinyang , Lin Ya-hui , Wu Dongdong , Ma Kai , Dou Zheng , Liu Yuze , Luo Fengming , Li Shoujun , Zhou Zhou 
Published: March 2024

Background:
The available evidence regarding the predictive value of troponins and natriuretic peptides for early postoperative outcomes in pediatrics is limited, controversial, and based on small sample sizes. The authors aimed to investigate the association of N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and high-sensitivity troponin T (hs-TnT) with the in-hospital adverse outcomes after congenital cardiac surgeries.

Methods:
A secondary analysis based on a prospective study of pediatric congenital heart disease (CHD) patients was conducted to investigate the association of NT-proBNP and hs-TnT tested within 6 h postoperatively with in-hospital adverse events. A multivariate logistic regression analysis with a minimum P value approach was used to identify the optimal thresholds of NT-proBNP and hs-TnT for risk stratification.

Results:
NT-proBNP and hs-TnT are positively correlated with cardiopulmonary bypass time, mechanical ventilation duration, and pediatric intensive care unit stay. The predictive performance of NT-proBNP is excellent for adverse events in both patients younger than 1 year [area under the curve (AUC): 0.771, 0.693–0.850] and those older than 1 year (AUC: 0.839, 0.757–0.922). However, hs-TnT exhibited a satisfactory predictive value solely in patients aged over 1 year. (AUC: 0.784, 0.717–0.852). NT-proBNP levels of 2000–10 000 ng/l [odds ratio (OR): 3.79, 1.47–9.76] and exceeding 10 000 ng/l (OR: 12.21, 3.66–40.80) were associated with a higher risk of postoperative adverse events in patients younger than 1 year. Patients older than 1 year, with NT-proBNP higher than 500 ng/l (OR: 15.09, 6.05–37.66) or hs-TnT higher than 1200 ng/l (OR: 5.50, 1.47–20.59), had a higher incidence of postoperative adverse events.

Conclusions:
NT-proBNP and hs-TnT tested within postoperative 6 h demonstrated significant predictive value for postoperative adverse events in CHD patients older than 1 year. However, among CHD patients younger than 1 year, only NT-proBNP exhibited commendable predictive performance for postoperative adverse events.
Minimally invasive robot-assisted and laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy in a pan-European registry a retrospective cohort study
Authors: van Bodegraven Eduard A. , van Ramshorst Tess M. E. , Bratlie Svein O. , Kokkola Arto , Sparrelid Ernesto , Björnsson Bergthor , Kleive Dyre , Burgdorf Stefan K. , Dokmak Safi , Groot Koerkamp Bas , Cabús Santiago Sánchez , Molenaar I Quintus , Boggi Ugo , Busch Olivier R. , Petrič Miha , Roeyen Geert , Hackert Thilo , Lips Daan J. , D’Hondt Mathieu , Coolsen Mariëlle M E , Ferrari Giovanni , Tingstedt Bobby , Serrablo Alejandro , Gaujoux Sebastien , Ramera Marco , Khatkov Igor , Ausania Fabio , Souche Regis , Festen Sebastiaan , Berrevoet Frederik , Keck Tobias , Sutcliffe Robert P. , Pando Elizabeth , de Wilde Roeland F. , Aussilhou Beatrice , Krohn Paul S. , Edwin Bjørn , Sandström Per , Gilg Stefan , Seppänen Hanna , Vilhav Caroline , Abu Hilal Mohammad , Besselink Marc G. ,   for the European Consortium on Minimally Invasive Pancreatic Surgery (E-MIPS)
Published: March 2024

Background:
International guidelines recommend monitoring the use and outcome of minimally invasive pancreatic surgery (MIPS). However, data from prospective international audits on minimally invasive distal pancreatectomy (MIDP) are lacking. This study examined the use and outcome of robot-assisted (RDP) and laparoscopic (LDP) distal pancreatectomy in the E-MIPS registry.

Patients and methods:
Post-hoc analysis in a prospective audit on MIPS, including consecutive patients undergoing MIDP in 83 centers from 19 European countries (01-01-2019/31-12-2021). Primary outcomes included intraoperative events (grade 1: excessive blood loss, grade 2: conversion/change in operation, grade 3: intraoperative death), major morbidity, and in-hospital/30-day mortality. Multivariable logistic regression analyses identified high-risk groups for intraoperative events. RDP and LDP were compared in the total cohort and high-risk groups.

Results:
Overall, 1672 patients undergoing MIDP were included; 606 (36.2%) RDP and 1066 (63.8%) LDP. The annual use of RDP increased from 30.5% to 42.6% (P<0.001). RDP was associated with fewer grade 2 intraoperative events compared with LDP (9.6% vs. 16.8%, P<0.001), with longer operating time (238 vs. 201 min, P<0.001). No significant differences were observed between RDP and LDP regarding major morbidity (23.4% vs. 25.9%, P=0.264) and in-hospital/30-day mortality (0.3% vs. 0.8%, P=0.344). Three high-risk groups were identified; BMI greater than 25 kg/m2, previous abdominal surgery, and vascular involvement. In each group, RDP was associated with fewer conversions and longer operative times.

Conclusion:
This European registry-based study demonstrated favorable outcomes for MIDP, with mortality rates below 1%. LDP remains the predominant approach, whereas the use of RDP is increasing. RDP was associated with fewer conversions and longer operative time, including in high-risk subgroups. Future randomized trials should confirm these findings and assess cost differences.
Increasing perioperative age and comorbidity: a 16-year cohort study at two University hospital sites in Sweden
Authors: Leigard Ellen , Hertzberg Daniel , Konrad David , Bell Max 
Published: March 2024

Background:
Increasing life expectancy affects all aspects of healthcare. During surgery, elderly patients are prone to complications and have a higher risk of death. The authors aimed to investigate if adult patients undergoing surgery at a large Swedish university hospital were getting older and sicker over time and if this potential shift in age and illness severity was associated with higher patient mortality rates.

Materials and methods:
This was a 16-year cohort study on all surgical procedures performed in adult patients 2006–2021 at two sites of Karolinska University Hospital. Study data was obtained from the surgical system, electronic medical records, and cause-of-death register. Information on age, sex, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification, date, type, acuity and duration of surgery was collected. ICD codes were used to calculate the Charlson comorbidity index (CCI). Short-term, medium-term and long-term mortality rates were assessed. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate changes over time.

Results:
There were 622 814 surgical procedures 2006–2021. Age, ASA classification, and CCI increased over time (P<0.0001). The proportions of age older than or equal to 60 years increased from 41.8 to 52.8% and of ASA class greater than or equal to 3 from 22.5 to 47.6%. Comparing 2018–2021 with 2006–2009, odds ratios (95% CIs) of 30-day, 90-day and 365-day mortality, adjusted for age, sex, non-elective surgery and ASA classification, decreased significantly to 0.75 (0.71–0.79), 0.72 (0.69–0.76), and 0.76 (0.74–0.79), respectively.

Conclusion:
Although the surgical population got older and sicker during the 16-year study period, short-term, medium-term and long-term mortality rates decreased significantly. These demographic shifts must be taken into account when planning for future healthcare needs to preserve patient safety.
Complex causal association between genetically predicted 731 immunocyte phenotype and osteonecrosis: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Li Wei , Xu Jing-Wen , Chai Jin-Lian , Guo Cong-Cong , Li Guang-Zheng , Gao Mei , Liang Xue-Zhen 
Published: March 2024

Purpose:
Previous studies have explored the role of immune cells on osteonecrosis. This Mendelian randomization (MR) study further assessed 731 immunocyte phenotypes on osteonecrosis, whether a causal relationship exists, and provides some evidence of causality.

Methods:
The 731 immunocyte phenotypes and osteonecrosis data used in this study were obtained from their respective genome-wide association studies (GWAS). The authors used inverse variable weighting (IVW) as the primary analysis method. In addition, the authors simultaneously employed multiple analytical methods, including MR-Egger, weighted mode, simple mode, and weighted median, to strengthen the final results. Finally, sensitivity analyses were conducted to verify the stability and feasibility of the data.

Results:
The results of the IVW method of MR analysis showed that 8 immunocyte phenotypes were positively associated with osteonecrosis [P<0.05, odds ratio (OR) > 1]; 18 immunocyte phenotypes were negatively associated with osteonecrosis (P<0.05, OR<1), none of which were heterogeneous or horizontally pleiotropic (P > 0.05) or reverse causality. In addition to this, in reverse MR, osteonecrosis was positively associated with 10 additional immunocyte phenotypes (P<0.05, OR > 1) and negatively associated with 14 immunocyte phenotypes (P<0.05, OR<1). And none of them had heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy (P > 0.05) or reverse causality.

Conclusions:
The authors demonstrated a complex causal relationship between multiple immune phenotypes and osteonecrosis through a comprehensive two-way, two-sample MR analysis, highlighting the complex pattern of interactions between the immune system and osteonecrosis.
Association of follow-up neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and systemic inflammation response index with stroke-associated pneumonia and functional outcomes in cerebral hemorrhage patients: a case-controlled study
Authors: Xu Mengmeng , Wang Jingru , Zhan Chenyi , Zhou Ying , Luo Zhixian , Yang Yunjun , Zhu Dongqin 
Published: March 2024

Background:
The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) at admission are independent diagnostic biomarkers in stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP). Our study aimed to investigate the association between NLR, SIRI, specifically follow-up NLR and SIRI, and SAP, as well as their relationship with functional outcomes.

Patients and methods:
We retrospectively included 451 consecutive intracerebral hemorrhage patients from May 2017 to May 2019. We conducted univariate and multivariable analyses to identify the factors independently associated with SAP and poor functional outcomes.

Results:
Compared to 127 (28.16%) patients diagnosed with SAP, those without SAP had both lower baseline and follow-up NLR and SIRI values (P<0.001). After adjustments, we found that baseline NLR [OR, 1.039 (95% CI, 1.003–1.077); P=0.036] and follow-up NLR [OR, 1.054 (95% CI, 1.011–1.098); P=0.012] were independently associated with SAP. The follow-up NLR was also associated with a higher mRS [OR, 1.124 (95% CI, 1.025–1.233); P=0.013] and lower ADL-MBI score [OR, 1.167 (95% CI, 1.057–1.289); P=0.002] at discharge. Multivariable analysis indicated that advanced age and nasogastric tube feeding were independently associated with SAP (P<0.05). We constructed a dynamic nomogram to identify SAP risk. Further subgroup analysis revealed that baseline NLR [OR, 1.062 (95% CI, 1.007–1.120); P=0.026] is independently associated with SAP in the nasogastric feeding group, while follow-up NLR [OR, 1.080 (95% CI, 1.024–1.139); P=0.005] was associated with the occurrence of SAP in non-nasogastric feeding patients.

Conclusions:
We found elevated baseline and follow-up NLR values were associated with SAP occurrence, and increasing follow-up NLR indicated poor functional outcomes. Inflammatory markers at different stages may offer individualized guidance for patients receiving various treatments.
Bilateral hearing impairment as an early symptom in a patient with Charcot-Marie-Tooth Type 1: the first case report from Syria
Authors: Hamsho Suaad , Almohamed Ahmad , Haydar Hasan , Alsaffaf Yousef , Sultan Enas , Sukkar Yassen , kazkz Waddah 
Published: March 2024

Introduction:
Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) is a group of inherited neuromuscular disorders that vary clinically and genetically. It is characterized by peripheral nerve damage, leading to muscle weakness and sensory loss.

Case presentation:
A 13-year-old male presented to the rheumatology department with bilateral hearing impairment since the age of 3 years, pes cavus, and difficulties walking. Some family members had Achilles tendon lengthening surgery. During physical examination, the patient had a shortened Achilles tendon, there are high arches in the feet, curled toes, loss of touch sensation in the feet, ankles, and legs, atrophy in the foot muscles. An eye examination revealed a discrepancy that needed glasses. Neurological findings included horizontal and vertical nystagmus, proprioception disorder, and demyelinating sensorimotor disorder diagnosed as CMT type 1. The audiogram showed bilateral sensorineural hearing impairment. MRI revealed spinal disc bulges. The treatment plan includes Achilles tendon lengthening surgery and physical therapy.

Clinical discussion:
CMT patients need to receive supportive treatment including physical therapy, hearing aids, and glasses, to help improve their quality of life.

Conclusion:
CMT disease is a genetic disorder that causes difficulties in movement, coordination, and daily activities due to muscle weakness and sensory impairments. In a few cases, patients have been documented to have bilateral hearing impairment as their first symptoms. It affects individuals in Syria and around the world, and requires proper diagnosis and treatment.
Depressive Symptoms, Socioeconomic Position, and Mortality in Older People Living With and Beyond Cancer
Authors: Miller Natalie Ella , Fisher Abigail , Frank Philipp , Lally Phillippa , Steptoe Andrew 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Objective
Evidence shows that higher depressive symptoms are associated with mortality among people living with and beyond cancer (LWBC). However, prior studies have not accounted for a wider range of potential confounders, and no study has explored whether socioeconomic position (SEP) moderates the association. This study aimed to examine the association between depressive symptoms and mortality among people LWBC, and moderation by SEP.

Methods
Participants from the English Longitudinal Study of Aging, diagnosed with cancer and with a measure of depressive symptoms within 4 years after their diagnosis, were included. Elevated depressive symptoms were indicated by a score of ≥3 on the eight-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Cox regression models examined associations with all-cause mortality. Competing risk regression examined associations with cancer mortality.

Results
In 1352 people LWBC (mean age = 69.6 years), elevated depressive symptoms were associated with a 93% increased risk of all-cause mortality (95% confidence interval = 1.52–2.45) within the first 4 years of follow-up and a 48% increased risk within a 4- to 8-year follow-up (95% confidence interval = 1.02–2.13) after multivariable adjustment. Elevated depressive symptoms were associated with a 38% increased risk of cancer mortality, but not after excluding people who died within 1 year after baseline assessments. There were no interactions between depressive symptoms and SEP.

Conclusions
Elevated depressive symptoms are associated with a greater risk of all-cause mortality among people LWBC within an 8-year follow-up period. Associations between depressive symptoms and cancer mortality might be due to reverse causality.
Bullet holes: A novel model to identify the most impactful gaps in the firearm homicide prevention laws of each state
Authors: Laudon Aksel D. , Davis Elizabeth S. , Zhao Xuewei , Kenzik Kelly , Torres Crisanto , Sanchez Sabrina E. , Brahmbhatt Tejal S. , Scantling Dane R. 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND
Firearm homicides (FH) are a major cause of mortality in the United States. Firearm law implementation is variable across states, and legislative gaps may represent opportunities for FH prevention. For each state, we sought to identify which firearm law category would have been most effective if implemented and how effective it would have been.

METHODS
We conducted a retrospective cohort study examining the effects of firearm laws on FH rates in the 48 contiguous US states 2010 to 2019. Data were obtained from the CDC WONDER and FBI UCR databases, State Firearm Law Database, and US Census. Firearm laws were grouped into 14 categories. We assessed the association between the presence of each law category and FH rate as an incidence rate ratio (IRR) using a Poisson regression accounting for state population characteristics and laws of surrounding states. We estimated the IRR for each state that did not have a given law category present and determined which of these missing law categories would have been associated with the greatest reduction in FH rate.

RESULTS
FH rates varied widely across states and increased from a mean of 3.2 (SD = 1.7) to 4.2 (SD = 2.9) FH per 100,000. All law categories were significantly associated with decreased FH rate (p < 0.05), with IRR ranging from 0.25 to 0.85. The most effective missing law category differed between states but was most commonly child access prevention (34.09% of states), assault weapons and large-capacity magazines (15.91%), preemption (15.91%), and concealed carry permitting (13.64%). In total across 2010 to 2019, we estimated that 129,599 fewer FH would have occurred with enactment of the most effective missing law category in each state.

CONCLUSION
Modeling firearm law prevention of FH with regard to state legislative and population characteristics can identify the highest impact missing law categories in each state. These results can be used to inform efforts to reduce FH.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Prognostic and Epidemiological; Level IV.
Clinical characteristics of patients with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies
Authors: Maillart Elisabeth , Deiva Kumaran , Marignier Romain 
Published: March 2024

Purpose of review
The clinical landscape associated to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies (MOG-Ab) has undergone a remarkable transformation over the past two decades, primarily driven by advancements in antibody detection techniques that have enhanced both the specificity and sensitivity of assays, enabling the identification of novel clinical phenotypes.

Recent findings
Recent pivotal research publications, comprehensive reviews from established research groups, and most notably the first proposed international criteria for MOG-Ab associated disease (MOGAD) have substantially enriched our understanding of the clinical features associated with MOG-Ab. This review presents a comprehensive overview of the clinical characteristics of patients with MOG-Ab, systematically examining each core clinical syndrome defined by the proposed international MOGAD criteria. We incorporated recent insights and discussed potential challenges in applying these criteria across diverse clinical scenarios.

Summary
The proposed international MOGAD criteria provide a comprehensive, homogeneous, and specific framework for characterizing the clinical features of patients with MOG-Ab, encompassing both paediatric and adult populations. In the future, the widespread adoption of specific and reliable assays for MOG-Ab detection, complemented by the development of surrogate fluid and imaging markers, holds promise for better characterizing atypical presentations, only-cerebrospinal fluid positivity and the MOGAD “seronegative” situations.