bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Beyond the scenery: Understanding the impact of rural tourism development on household consumption in China
Authors: Wei Binhui , Zhao Chunkai , Luo Mingzhong , Jia Zhimin , Xia Hailong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe positive effects of rural tourism are widely recognized, yet its influence on local household consumption has been insufficiently explored. Our study fills this gap by investigating the relationship between rural tourism development and household consumption, using the Leisure Agriculture and Rural Tourism Demonstration County (LARTDC) policy as a quasi‐natural experiment framework. Employing a staggered difference‐in‐differences (DID) method, we found that rural tourism development contributes to a 4.91% increase in per capita household consumption. The robustness of our main results is confirmed using advanced techniques such as Bacon decomposition and DIDM estimations. We attributed this positive impact to the rise in nonfarm employment and infrastructure development. Our heterogeneity analysis further reveals the inclusive nature of rural tourism, showing its significant role in improving household consumption patterns, diminishing consumption inequality, and enhancing welfare, especially in disadvantaged rural households. Further analysis confirms that greater LARTDC policy exposure may lead to higher levels of household consumption. Moreover, we revealed that rural tourism increased the freedom of employment, especially for the elderly and women; however, it did not squeeze out leisure time or hurt the quality of life and welfare. Theoretically, this study contributes to the discourse on tourism's role in fostering economic growth and social equity, addressing the patterns of high savings and low consumption in rural China. Practically, our findings suggest that post‐COVID‐19 recovery strategies in developing countries may emphasize rural tourism development, aiming to stimulate household spending and achieve balanced growth.
Implementation of a high-throughput whole genome sequencing approach with the goal of maximizing efficiency and cost effectiveness to improve public health
Authors: Dickinson Michelle C. , Wirth Samantha E. , Baker Deborah , Kidney Anna M. , Mitchell Kara K. , Nazarian Elizabeth J. , Shudt Matthew , Thompson Lisa M. , Gubbala Venkata Sai Laxmi , Musser Kimberlee A. , Mingle Lisa 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

This manuscript describes the development of a streamlined, cost-effective laboratory workflow to meet the demands of increased whole genome sequence (WGS) capacity while achieving mandated quality metrics. From 2020 to 2021, the Wadsworth Center Bacteriology Laboratory (WCBL) used a streamlined workflow to sequence 5,743 genomes that contributed sequence data to nine different projects. The combined use of the QIAcube HT, Illumina DNA Prep using quarter volume reactions, and the NextSeq allowed the WCBL to process all samples that required WGS while also achieving a median turn-around time of 7 days (range 4 to 10 days) and meeting minimum sequence quality requirements. Public Health Laboratories should consider implementing these methods to aid in meeting testing requirements within budgetary restrictions.

IMPORTANCE
Public Health Laboratories that implement whole genome sequencing (WGS) technologies may struggle to find the balance between sample volume and cost effectiveness. We present a method that allows for sequencing of a variety of bacterial isolates in a cost-effective manner. This report provides specific strategies to implement high-volume WGS, including an innovative, low-cost solution utilizing a novel quarter volume sequencing library preparation. The methods described support the use of high-throughput DNA extraction and WGS within budgetary constraints, strengthening public health responses to outbreaks and disease surveillance.
Maternal and perinatal health research during emerging and ongoing epidemic threats: a landscape analysis and expert consultation
Authors: Bonet Mercedes , Babinska Magdalena , Buekens Pierre , Goudar Shivaprasad S , Kampmann Beate , Knight Marian , Meaney-Delman Dana , Lamprianou Smaragda , Rivas Flor Muñoz , Stergachis Andy , Toscano Cristiana M , Bhatia Joycelyn , Chamberlain Sarah , Chaudhry Usman , Mills Jacqueline , Serazin Emily , Short Hannah , Steene Asher , Wahlen Michael , Oladapo Olufemi T 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionPregnant women and their offspring are often at increased direct and indirect risks of adverse outcomes during epidemics and pandemics. A coordinated research response is paramount to ensure that this group is offered at least the same level of disease prevention, diagnosis, and care as the general population. We conducted a landscape analysis and held expert consultations to identify research efforts relevant to pregnant women affected by disease outbreaks, highlight gaps and challenges, and propose solutions to addressing them in a coordinated manner.MethodsLiterature searches were conducted from 1 January 2015 to 22 March 2022 using Web of Science, Google Scholar and PubMed augmented by key informant interviews. Findings were reviewed and Quid analysis was performed to identify clusters and connectors across research networks followed by two expert consultations. These formed the basis for the development of an operational framework for maternal and perinatal research during epidemics.ResultsNinety-four relevant research efforts were identified. Although well suited to generating epidemiological data, the entire infrastructure to support a robust research response remains insufficient, particularly for use of medical products in pregnancy. Limitations in global governance, coordination, funding and data-gathering systems have slowed down research responses.ConclusionLeveraging current research efforts while engaging multinational and regional networks may be the most effective way to scale up maternal and perinatal research preparedness and response. The findings of this landscape analysis and proposed operational framework will pave the way for developing a roadmap to guide coordination efforts, facilitate collaboration and ultimately promote rapid access to countermeasures and clinical care for pregnant women and their offspring in future epidemics.
State-level variation in distribution of oxycodone and opioid-related deaths from 2000 to 2021: an ecological study of ARCOS and CDC WONDER data in the USA
Authors: Solgama Jay P , Liu Edward , Davis Mellar , Graham Jove , McCall Kenneth L , Piper Brian J 
Published: March 2024

ObjectivesThis study aims to characterise oxycodone’s distribution and opioid-related overdoses in the USA by state from 2000 to 2021.DesignThis is an observational study.SettingMore than 80 000 Americans died of an opioid overdose in 2021 as the USA continues to struggle with an opioid crisis. Prescription opioids play a substantial role, introducing patients to opioids and providing a supply of drugs that can be redirected to those seeking to misuse them.MethodsThe Drug Enforcement Administration annual summary reports from the Automation of Reports and Consolidated Orders System provided weights of oxycodone distributed per state by business type (pharmacies, hospitals and practitioners). Weights were converted to morphine milligram equivalents (MME) per capita and normalised for population. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-ranging ONline Data for Epidemiologic Research provided mortality data for heroin, other opioids, methadone, other synthetic narcotics and other/unspecified narcotics.ResultsThere was a sharp 280.13% increase in total MME/person of oxycodone from 2000 to 2010, followed by a slower 54.34% decrease from 2010 to 2021. Florida (2007–2011), Delaware (2003–2020) and Tennessee (2012–2021) displayed consistent and substantial elevations in combined MME/person compared with other states. In the peak year (2010), there was a 15-fold difference between the highest and lowest states. MME/person from only pharmacies, which constituted >94% of the total, showed similar results. Hospitals in Alaska (2000–2001, 2008, 2010–2021), Colorado (2008–2021) and DC (2000–2011) distributed substantially more MME/person over many years compared with other states. Florida stood out in practitioner-distributed oxycodone, with an elevation of almost 15-fold the average state from 2006 to 2010. Opioid-related deaths increased +806% from 2000 to 2021, largely driven by heroin, other opioids and other synthetic narcotics.ConclusionsOxycodone distribution across the USA showed marked differences between states and business types over time. Investigation of opioid policies in states of interest may provide insight for future actions to mitigate opioid misuse.
Evaluations of virtual exercise programmes for adults with mobility limitations: a scoping review protocol incorporating an equity lens to inform the development of strategies to optimise participation of under-represented groups
Authors: dos Santos Renato Barbosa , Lin Jing , Badwal Anchal , Singh Hardeep , Jaglal Susan Brenda , Sperling Christina , Salbach Nancy Margaret 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionFor individuals with mobility limitations, virtual exercise programmes can address the challenges of in-person participation in community exercise programmes. A synthesis of studies of virtual exercise programmes targeting mobility limitations provided outside of conventional rehabilitation services and strategies used to optimise equitable access and inclusivity in these programmes is lacking. We aim to characterise evaluations of virtual exercise programmes for adults with mobility limitations, and the nature of and extent to which equity, diversity and inclusion considerations are integrated in the research process.Methods and analysisA scoping review following a six-stage methodological framework, including a consultation exercise, is proposed. A comprehensive strategy will be used to search Medline, Embase, PEDro, CINAHL and Scopus to identify peer-reviewed studies evaluating virtual exercise programmes for adults with mobility limitations living in the community. Three trained reviewers will select studies independently. Data (eg, study methodology, programme structure and content, participant characteristics) will be extracted using a standardised form, and collated and summarised using quantitative and qualitative methods. The PROGRESS-Plus and International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health frameworks will be used to classify participant characteristics and study outcomes, respectively. During the consultation exercise, key knowledge users, including exercise participants, programme providers and coordinators, and members of community organisations for persons living with disabilities and under-represented groups, will be asked to provide insights regarding the applicability of review findings. A directed content analysis of data from the consultation exercise will be performed.Ethics and disseminationThe research ethics board at the University of Toronto approved the consultation exercise. Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations. Findings will enhance understanding of current research evaluating virtual exercise programmes and inform future research and strategies for promoting equitable access and outcomes for individuals with mobility limitations.Registration detailshttps://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/X5JMA.
Prognostic and clinicopathological significance of the Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score in patients with lymphoma: a meta-analysis
Authors: Li Lili , Shou Lihong 
Published: March 2024

ObjectivesThe role of the Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) scores in predicting the prognosis of lymphoma cases has been extensively explored, with no consistent results. The present meta-analysis focused on accurately evaluating whether CONUT could be used to predict the prognosis of lymphoma cases and its clinicopathological value.DesignThe present meta-analysis was reported following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The prognostic significance of CONUT to overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in lymphoma was estimated by calculating pooled HRs with 95% CIs. The relationship between CONUT and clinicopathological characteristics was measured based on pooled ORs with 95% CIs.Data sourcesPubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane Library databases were comprehensively searched from inception through 24 March 2023.Statistical methodsEither a random-effects model or a fixed-effects model was selected depending on the level of heterogeneity among the included studies.ResultsThis meta-analysis enrolled seven articles, containing 2060 patients with lymphoma. According to the pooled analysis, a higher CONUT score significantly predicted poor OS (HR=1.94, 95% CI 1.46 to 2.57, p<0.001) as well as poorer PFS (HR=1.51, 95% CI 1.04 to 2.20, p=0.031). Furthermore, according to the combined analysis, a higher CONUT score was significantly associated with Ann Arbor stages III–IV (OR=3.75, 95% CI 2.96 to 4.75, p<0.001), an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 2–4 (OR=5.14, 95% CI 3.97 to 6.65, p<0.001), high-intermediate/high National Comprehensive Cancer Network International Prognostic Index (OR=8.05, 95% CI 5.11 to 12.66, p<0.001), B symptoms (OR=4.97, 95% CI 2.89 to 8.52, p<0.001), extranodal disease (OR=3.25, 95% CI 2.24 to 4.70, p<0.001), bone marrow involvement (OR=4.86, 95% CI 3.25 to 7.27, p<0.001) and elevated lactate dehydrogenase levels (OR=3.21, 95% CI 2.37 to 4.34, p<0.001).ConclusionsAccording to our results, higher CONUT scores were significantly associated with poor OS and PFS in lymphoma.
Attrition from longitudinal ageing studies and performance across domains of cognitive functioning: an individual participant data meta-analysis
Authors: Hernandez Raymond , Jin Haomiao , Lee Pey-Jiuan , Schneider Stefan , Junghaenel Doerte U , Stone Arthur A , Meijer Erik , Gao Hongxin , Maupin Daniel , Zelinski Elizabeth M 
Published: March 2024

ObjectivesThis paper examined the magnitude of differences in performance across domains of cognitive functioning between participants who attrited from studies and those who did not, using data from longitudinal ageing studies where multiple cognitive tests were administered.DesignIndividual participant data meta-analysis.ParticipantsData are from 10 epidemiological longitudinal studies on ageing (total n=209 518) from several Western countries (UK, USA, Mexico, etc). Each study had multiple waves of data (range of 2–17 waves), with multiple cognitive tests administered at each wave (range of 4–17 tests). Only waves with cognitive tests and information on participant dropout at the immediate next wave for adults aged 50 years or older were used in the meta-analysis.MeasuresFor each pair of consecutive study waves, we compared the difference in cognitive scores (Cohen’s d) between participants who dropped out at the next study wave and those who remained. Note that our operationalisation of dropout was inclusive of all causes (eg, mortality). The proportion of participant dropout at each wave was also computed.ResultsThe average proportion of dropouts between consecutive study waves was 0.26 (0.18 to 0.34). People who attrited were found to have significantly lower levels of cognitive functioning in all domains (at the wave 2–3 years before attrition) compared with those who did not attrit, with small-to-medium effect sizes (overall d=0.37 (0.30 to 0.43)).ConclusionsOlder adults who attrited from longitudinal ageing studies had lower cognitive functioning (assessed at the timepoint before attrition) across all domains as compared with individuals who remained. Cognitive functioning differences may contribute to selection bias in longitudinal ageing studies, impeding accurate conclusions in developmental research. In addition, examining the functional capabilities of attriters may be valuable for determining whether attriters experience functional limitations requiring healthcare attention.
Results from a cross-specialty consensus on optimal management of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD): from screening to complications
Authors: Arici Mustafa , Assaad-Khalil Samir Helmy , Bertoluci Marcello Casaccia , Choo Jason , Lee Yau-Jiunn , Madero Magdalena , Rosa Diez Guillermo Javier , Sánchez Polo Vicente , Chung Sungjin , Thanachayanont Teerawat , Pollock Carol 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundChronic kidney disease (CKD) affects around 10% of the global population and has been estimated to affect around 50% of individuals with type 2 diabetes and 50% of those with heart failure. The guideline-recommended approach is to manage with disease-modifying therapies, but real-world data suggest that prescribing rates do not reflect this in practice.ObjectiveTo develop a cross-specialty consensus on optimal management of the patient with CKD using a modified Delphi method.DesignAn international steering group of experts specialising in internal medicine, endocrinology/diabetology, nephrology and primary care medicine developed 42 statements on aspects of CKD management including identification and screening, risk factors, holistic management, guidelines, cross-specialty alignment and education. Consensus was determined by agreement using an online survey.ParticipantsThe survey was distributed to cardiologists, nephrologists, endocrinologists and primary care physicians across 11 countries.Main outcomes and measuresThe threshold for consensus agreement was established a priori by the steering group at 75%. Stopping criteria were defined as a target of 25 responses from each country (N=275), and a 4-week survey period.Results274 responses were received in December 2022, 25 responses from Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Guatemala, Mexico, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey and 24 responses from Egypt. 53 responses were received from cardiologists, 52 from nephrologists, 55 from endocrinologists and 114 from primary care physicians. 37 statements attained very high agreement (≥90%) and 5 attained high agreement (≥75% and <90%). Strong alignment between roles was seen across the statements, and different levels of experience (2–5 years or 5+ years), some variation was observed between countries.ConclusionsThere is a high degree of consensus regarding aspects of CKD management among healthcare professionals from 11 countries. Based on these strong levels of agreement, the steering group derived 12 key recommendations focused on diagnosis and management of CKD.
Impacts of armed conflicts on tuberculosis burden and treatment outcomes: a systematic review
Authors: Gebreyohannes Eyob Alemayehu , Wolde Haileab Fekadu , Akalu Temesgen Yihunie , Clements Archie C A , Alene Kefyalew Addis 
Published: March 2024

ObjectivesThis systematic review aimed to summarise existing literature on the impacts of armed conflicts on tuberculosis burden and treatment outcomes.DesignA systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines.Data sourcesPubMed, Web of Science, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature Plus, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Embase and medRxiv.Data extraction and synthesisThree reviewers independently screened, selected eligible studies and extracted data. A narrative review was undertaken to summarise the findings qualitatively.ResultsEleven studies were included in this review, reporting on tuberculosis incidence rates, prevalence and treatment outcomes, including mortality. Overall, the impact of armed conflicts on case notifications was variable. Six studies reported overall increases in tuberculosis case notifications following the onset of conflicts, while three studies reported overall decreases in tuberculosis case notifications. Factors, including limited access to healthcare services, challenges in surveillance and laboratory confirmation, the destruction of health systems and incapacitating the healthcare workforce, contributed to a decrease in the number of notified cases. The higher tuberculosis notification in some of the studies could be attributed to the disruption of tuberculosis prevention and control programmes as well as increased socioeconomic deprivation, including malnutrition, mass migration, poor living conditions and overcrowding that are worsened during conflicts. Armed conflicts without effective interventions were associated with worse tuberculosis treatment outcomes, including lower proportions of people with treatment success and higher proportions of people with loss to follow-up, mortality and treatment failure. However, implementing various interventions in conflict settings (such as establishing a National Tuberculosis Control Programme) led to higher tuberculosis notification rates and treatment success.ConclusionThe impact of armed conflicts on tuberculosis notification is complex and is influenced by multiple factors. The findings of this review underscore the importance of concerted efforts to control tuberculosis in conflict settings using available resources.
Astigmatism and maternal myopia as important factors affecting success rate of DIMS lens treatment
Authors: Domsa Patricia , Bankó Éva M , Körtvélyes Judit , Meigen Christof , Széchey Rita , Lantos Krisztina , Nagy Zoltán Zsolt , Csutak Adrienne 
Published: March 2024

ObjectiveTo assess the efficacy of myopia control spectacle lenses (defocus incorporated multiple segments/DIMS) in slowing myopia progression among a diverse Central European paediatric population and investigate the contribution of baseline parameters on treatment outcomes.Methods and analysisThis retrospective observational study included 62 individuals aged 4–17 years (mean±SD: 10.21±2.70) with progressing myopia but without ocular pathology with a range of −0.88 to −8.25 D spherical equivalent refraction (SER) (−3.73±1.56), coupled with astigmatism up to −3.25 D cylindrical. All participants were prescribed DIMS (Hoya MiyoSmart) spectacles. Key outcome variables were cycloplegic SER, measured for all participants and axial length (AL), assessed in a subset of patients, recorded at baseline, 6 months and 12 months. Quality of life assessments were conducted at baseline, at 2 weeks, and 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. Additionally, parental myopic dioptre was recorded when applicable.ResultsAt the 12-month mark, myopia progression in patients (mean±SE: −0.40±0.05) mirrored findings from prior European DIMS studies, but with 50% of patients showing no progression. A multivariate analysis of covariance model revealed that baseline astigmatism and younger age adversely affected therapy outcomes in both SER and AL, while severe maternal myopia led to greater SER progression. In contrast, only young age but not astigmatism was associated with AL increase in a comparable group of children with myopia, part of the LIFE Child Study, wearing single-vision spectacles. Patients reported consistent satisfaction with treatment, with minimal side effects, which diminished over the year.ConclusionIn the European population, astigmatism, young age and severe maternal myopia are risk factors for suboptimal outcomes following DIMS therapy. Further research is necessary to elucidate the impact of astigmatism on myopic defocus therapy.