bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The self‐reference effect: Methodological issues and implications from a schema‐theoretical perspective
Authors: Rudolph Udo 
Published: May 2007

AbstractA number of investigators demonstrated that processing verbal stimuli by encoding them in reference to the self facilitates recall for these stimuli, compared with other kinds of semantic processing. On the basis of a critical discussion of the relevant research, it is hypothesized that the superiority of self‐reference is due to some specific features of semantic orienting tasks that serve as control groups for self‐referent encoding. This hypothesis is tested in three experiments demonstrating that, when changing certain features of these semantic orienting tasks, the self‐reference‐effect (SRE) is no longer obtained. In Experiment 3, the statistical difficulties are addressed that arise when not rejecting the null‐hypothesis. Furthermore, several implications of schema‐oriented explanations of the SRE are tested. Several dependent measures provide evidence in support of the motion that a self‐schema is activated during encoding and retrieval of self‐relevant material. However, results show that self‐referent processing — in contrast to the most general claim of the relevant literature—does not lead to superior recollection.
Depression and social comparison motives
Authors: Weary Gifford , Marsh Kerry L. , McCormick Linda 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThis study examined the role of informational social comparison motives in depressed and nondepressed individuals' opinion comparison activities. In particular. We examined the impact of agreement and disagreement from sources similar or dissimilar to depressed and nondepressed subjects on an attribute related to the focal judgment. AS predicted, depressed compared to nondepressed subjects indicated a greater preference for the similar‐disagreer, whereas nondepressed preferred as a partner the dissimilar‐agreer to a greater extent than did depressed subjects. Furthermore, measures of validation and construction motives were found to be associated with diflerent partner preferences. Results are discussed in terms of the multiple motivations underlying and distinguishing depressed and nondepressed social comparison activities.
Affective and cognitive influences in social dilemma game
Authors: Hertel Guido , Fiedler Klaus 
Published: May 2007

AbstractAn experiment is reported that examines the effects of emotional mood and evaluative priming on cooperation in a social dilemma game. Unlike an associative‐network account or an equity account of mood‐dependent prosocial behaviour. The present approach assumes that the primary effect of elated mood is to increase behavioural variability rather than altruism or cooperation per se. Accordingly, a positively emotional state serves the function of freeing the individual from the need to optimize local profits and increasing the range of behavioural judgments and decisions. As a consequence, positive mood may sometimes produce a secondary increase of prosocial behaviour (especially when the normal behaviour is rigidly competitive) but positive mood may at other times lead to antisocial tendencies and transgression. The empirical findings are consistent with such an interpretation. Cooperation in a four‐person dilemma game increases when positive connotations of cooperation andnegative connotations of competition are primed in a preceding verbal learning task. However, the mood manipulation does not directly affect the decision to cooperate but only indirectly via increased variability. In fact, subjects in good mood make more cooperative as well as more competitive choices than people in bad mood. The notable priming effect does not support the pessimistic view that the cooperation is largely determined by crystallized personality factors.
How does mood operate in an impression formation task? An information integration approach
Authors: Abele Andrea , Petzold Peter 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe present study is concerned with the processes mediating the impact of mood on impression formation. Four assumptions are distinguished: (1) mood as a prime for the generation and/or association of additional information, (2) mood as a cue for the change of meaning of incoming stimuli, (3) mood as a direct source of information, and (4) mood as a cue for selective weighing of incoming stimuli, These mediating processes assumptions are specified in terms of information integration theory A pattern of hypotheses is derived which allows to examine what mechanisms underlie the impact of mood in an impression formation task. The results confirm the mood congruency effect and show that mood congruent judgments are mediated neither by change of meaning nor by selective weighing of incoming information. Also the explanation by additionally activated information primed by mood was not supported, However, the findings indicate that mood serves as a direct source of information to be incorporated into the judgment together with the presented information: (1) parameter estimations show that the global impression depenh on the person's current mood, whereas the scale values and the weights of the traits presented are independent of the mood state, (2) judgments of single traits are more influenced by mood than judgments of pairs, (3) medium traits are more affected than extreme traits and (4) the negativity effect is more pronounced in a good mood than in a bad mood. The final judgment is an averaging process of a mood‐dependent global impression and of mood‐independent stimulus information. Implications of these findings for current mood and social judgment models are discussed.
Private self‐consciousness as moderator of the importance of attitude and subjective norm: The prediction of voting
Authors: Echabe Agustin Echebarria , Garate Jose F Valencia 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe influence of private self‐consciousness on the components of Ajzen and Fishbein's attitude model (attitude and subjective norm) is analysed. The impact of past behaviour on both current behaviour and behavioural intention is also studied. This model was applied to the prediction of voting intention and reported behaviour in the Spanish Parliamentary elections held in 1989, Attitude showed stronger influence than subjective norm on behavioural intention for subjects with a higher private self‐consciousness. The opposite was true for subjects having a lower private self‐consciousness. Past behaviour had a significant influence on both behavioural intention and behaviour.
Forced compliance: Commitment to compliance and commitment to activity
Authors: Beauvois Jean‐Léon , Bungert Marc , Mariette Pascale 
Published: May 2007

AbstractIt is argued that the standard manipulation of free choice in a forced compliance situation has fostered confusion between the two different types of choices offered to subjects, namely commitment or non‐commitment to compliance with the experimenter and choice of counter‐attitudinal activity per se. From a theoretical viewpoint, the two choices have very different implications. The former is a prerequisite to dissonance arousal; the latter may bring about consonant cognitions which reduce the dissonance ratio. Two experiments which separated these two choices confirmed the above predictions, derived from a radical conception of the dissonance theory (Beauvois and Joule, 1981, 1994). The results are inconsistent with the reinterpretation of dissonance effects in self‐perception terms.
Ethnocentrism in dating preferences for an American sample: The ingroup bias in social context
Authors: Liu James H. , Campbell Susan Miller , Condie Heather 
Published: May 2007

AbstractHeterosexual dating partner preferences were examined in a multi‐ethnic context. Four groups at UCLA were studied: Asian Americans, African Americans, Latino Americans, and Euro Americans. Participants completed surveys asking them to rate a ‘typical/hypothetical’ opposite‐sex member for each of the four ethnic groups on physical attractiveness, similarity, social network approval, status, and desirability as a dating/marriage partner; social identification with the ethnic ingroup was also assessed. Members of all four ethnic groups demonstrated some degree of ethnocentrism on most measures (especially partner preferences) by rating opposite‐sex members of their own group higher than outgroup members rated them; however, Asians and Latinos rated opposite‐sex Whites as more physically attractive than typical members of their own group, and Latinos and Blacks rated Whites and Asians as higher status. Overall, Whites received more favourable ratings than any of the three minority groups. Regression analyses indicated that social network approval (by far), similarity, and physical attractiveness were (in that order) the most powerful predictors of ethnocentrism in partner preferences. Avenues of integration and interpretation between theories of inter‐personal attraction and intergroup relations were considered, including the dimensionality of ingroup favouritism, and the need for stronger consideration of social influence in theories of intergroup relations.
Time‐linearized time‐harmonic 3‐D Navier–Stokes shock‐capturing schemes
Authors: Chassaing J.‐C. , Gerolymos G. A. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractIn the present paper, a numerical method for the computation of time‐harmonic flows, using the time‐linearized compressible Reynolds‐averaged Navier–Stokes equations is developed and validated. The method is based on the linearization of the discretized nonlinear equations. The convective fluxes are discretized using an O(Δx) MUSCL scheme with van Leer flux‐vector‐splitting. Unsteady perturbations of the turbulent stresses are linearized using a frozen‐turbulence‐Reynolds‐number hypothesis, to approximate eddy‐viscosity perturbations. The resulting linear system is solved using a pseudo‐time‐marching implicit ADI‐AF (alternating‐directions‐implicit approximate‐factorization) procedure with local pseudo‐time‐steps, corresponding to a matrix‐successive‐underrelaxation procedure. The stability issues associated with the pseudo‐time‐marching solution of the time‐linearized Navier–Stokes equations are discussed. Comparison of computations with measurements and with time‐nonlinear computations for 3‐D shock‐wave oscillation in a square duct, for various back‐pressure fluctuation frequencies (180, 80, 20 and 10 Hz), assesses the shock‐capturing capability of the time‐linearized scheme. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A constitutional balanced t(3;8)(p14;q24.1) translocation results in disruption of the TRC8 gene and predisposition to clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Poland Kathryn S. , Azim Mohammed , Folsom Matthew , Goldfarb Richard , Naeem Rizwan , Korch Christopher , Drabkin Harry A. , Gemmill Robert M. , Plon Sharon E. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractStudying the molecular basis of familial renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has allowed identification of novel RCC genes involved in the pathogenesis of both inherited and sporadic RCC. We describe a constitutional balanced t(3;8)(p14;q24.1) translocation found in a brother and sister with bilateral clear cell RCC (CC‐RCC) diagnosed in their forties. Consistent with a prior report, we demonstrated by RT‐PCR of RNA from lymphoblastoid cells fusion mRNAs derived from the fragile histidine triad (FHIT) at 3p14 and TRC8 at 8q24.1 in both affected siblings. Cytogenetic analysis of a CC‐RCC tumor from the affected sister from short‐term tumor cell culture showed both diploid and pseudotetraploid populations containing the translocation and normal appearing chromosomes 3 and 8. Fluorescent in situ hybridization using bacterial artificial chromosomes containing sequences from the FHIT and TRC8 genes demonstrated normal FHIT signals and TRC8 signals on nontranslocated chromosomes in the constitutional blood sample, but the TRC8 signal was absent in a subset of diploid and pseudotetraploid cells from the tumor. The tumor also contained a heterozygous VHL frameshift somatic mutation. These results confirm that balanced translocations disrupting the TRC8 and FHIT genes result in an increased genetic susceptibility for bilateral CC‐RCC. The presence of diploid and tetraploid tumor cells with and without TRC8 deletions on the nontranslocated chromosome suggest that loss of the remaining normal allele of TRC8 may contribute to tumor development at later stages. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hepatorenal Syndrome
Authors: Ruiz Richard , Barri Yousri M. , Jennings Linda W. , Chinnakotla Srinath , Goldstein Robert M. , Levy Marlon F. , McKenna Greg J. , Randall Henry B. , Sanchez Edmund Q. , Klintmalm Goran B. 
Published: May 2007

Abstract
Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) is a well-recognized complication of end-stage liver disease. Once thought to be a reversible condition with liver transplantation (LT) alone, HRS may directly contribute to the requirement for long-term dialysis posttransplant. As a result, discussion has now focused on whether or when a kidney allograft should be considered for these patients. Using the International Ascites Club guidelines with a pretransplant serum creatinine (SCr) >2.0 mg/dL to define HRS, 130 patients undergoing LT over a 10-yr period were identified, for an overall incidence of 9%. Patient survival rates at 1, 3, and 5 yr were 74%, and 68%, and 62%, respectively. Survival was significantly worse when compared to non-HRS patients undergoing LT over the same study period (P = 0.0001). For patients presenting with type 2 HRS, 7 patients (6%) developed irreversible kidney failure posttransplant compared to 0.34% in the non-HRS population (P < 0.0001). Five of these patients died within 1 yr with a median survival time of 139 days. Combined liver and kidney transplantation (CLKT) for patients with HRS is not recommended. However, an improvement in outcome can be accomplished by addressing those patients who require dialysis greater than 60 days posttransplant. We propose a role for kidney after liver transplantation (KALT) in select HRS patients. Liver Transpl 13:838–843, 2007. © 2007 AASLD.
Tonsil Enlargement After Liver Transplantation in Adults—Reason Enough for tonsillectomy? Two Cases of tonsillar Posttransplantation Lymphoproliferative Disease
Authors: Mucha Krzysztof , Foroncewicz Bartosz , Niemczyk Kazimierz , Ziarkiewicz-Wróblewska Bogna , Stanisławek-Sut Olimpia , Zieniewicz Krzysztof , Krawczyk Marek , Pączek Leszek 
Published: May 2007

Abstract
Posttransplantation lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD) is a well-known complication of solid organ and bone marrow transplantation. It is agreed that the main causes of PTLD are chronic infection with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV); the intensity, rather then the type, of immunosuppression used; and underlying recipient disease. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) and cytomegalovirus, as cofactors of EBV infection, have been suggested to increase the risk of PTLD. Use of calcineurin inhibitors, anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody (OKT3), and antithymocyte globulin may increase the risk of PTLD. On the other hand, mycophenolate mofetil, sirolimus, and the anti–interleukin-2 receptor monoclonal antibodies Daclizumab and basiliximab have not been demonstrated to increase the risk of PTLD. The incidence of PTLD after liver transplantation (LT) is estimated to be 1.5-3%, but a tonsillar location is extremely rare in adults. Thus, little is known about the best diagnostic tools for and treatment by LT recipients with tonsillar PTLD. Here, we report 2 cases of adult LT recipients with tonsillar PTLD. Tonsillectomy was used as a diagnostic tool and treatment option and resulted in complete remission for >2 years. Considering the high mortality and diagnostic difficulties of PTLD, together with the relatively low risks of tonsillectomy, we recommend tonsillectomy for treating tonsil enlargement of unknown cause and suspected PTLD in LT recipients. A larger series of patients and prospective studies comparing different treatment options will be needed to substantiate our recommendation. Liver Transpl 13:918–923, 2007. © 2007 AASLD.
Rapidly Progressive Recurrent Hepatitis C Virus Infection Starting 9 Days After Liver Transplantation
Authors: Saraf Neeraj , Fiel Isabel M. , DeBoccardo Graciela , Emre Sukru , Schiano Thomas D. 
Published: May 2007

Abstract
Early histological recurrence of hepatitis C after liver transplantation (LT) has a negative impact on patient and graft survival. We report a case of histological recurrence of HCV occurring in the second week after LT. A 75-year-old woman with chronic HCV and hepatocellular carcinoma underwent LT with an organ from a 75-year-old HCV-negative deceased donor. After an uneventful early postoperative period, an increase in the transaminases was observed, and on postoperative day 9 day, the alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was 673 IU/mL and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) 300 IU/mL, with normal alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin. Analysis of liver biopsy samples showed diffuse necroinflammatory changes with acidophilic bodies and concomitant mild acute cellular rejection. Subsequently there was a further increase in the transaminases, and on postoperative day 13, the AST rose to 445 IU/mL and ALT to 992 IU/mL. Repeat biopsy was performed, and analysis of the samples revealed lymphocytic portal inflammation with lymphoid aggregates and mild interface hepatitis, parenchymal necrosis, activation of sinusoidal lining cells, and mild steatosis. The biopsy sample was characteristic for HCV recurrence. The HCV RNA level was 84,000,000 copies/mL, and markers for other viral causes were not present. The patient became jaundiced and her course progressively worsened. She died on day 87 after transplantation. To our knowledge, this is the earliest reported case of histological recurrence of HCV after LT. It illustrates the importance of older donor and recipient age in the same patient as cofactors for early HCV recurrence and poor outcome. Liver Transpl 13:913–917, 2007. © 2007 AASLD.
Storage Operators and ∀‐positive Types in TTR Type System
Authors: Nour Karim 
Published: May 2007

AbstractIn 1990, J. L. Krivine introduced the notion of storage operator to simulate “call by value” in the “call by name” strategy. J. L. Krivine has showed that, using Gödel translation of classical into intuitionistic logic, one can find a simple type for the storage operators in AF2 type system. This paper studies the ∀‐positive types (the universal second order quantifier appears positively in these types) and the Gödel transformations (a generalization of classical Gödel translation) of TTR type system. We generalize by using syntactical methods Krivine's theorem about these types and for these transformations. We give a proof of this result in the case of the type of recursive integers.Mathematics Subject Classification: 03B40, 68Q60.
Decidability for ℤ[G]‐Modules when G is Cyclic of Prime Order
Authors: Toffalori Carlo 
Published: May 2007

AbstractWe consider the decision problem for modules over a group ring ℤ[G], where G is a cyclic group of prime order. We show that it reduces to the same problem for a class of certain abelian structures, and we obtain some partial decidability results for this class.Mathematics Subject Classification: 03C60, 03B25.
Forking and Incomplete Types
Authors: Hyttinen Tapani 
Published: May 2007

AbstractLet Δ be a set of formulas. In this paper we study the following question: under what assumptions on Δ, the concept “a complete Δ‐type p over B does not fork over A ⊆ B” behaves well. We apply the results to the structure theory of ω1‐saturated models.Mathematics Subject Classification: 03C45.
Some Decidability Results for ℤ[G]‐Modules when G is Cyclic of Squarefree Order
Authors: Toffalori Carlo 
Published: May 2007

AbstractWe extend the analysis of the decision problem for modules over a group ring ℤ[G] to the case when G is a cyclic group of squarefree order. We show that separated ℤ[G]‐modules have a decidable theory, and we discuss the model theoretic role of these modules within the class of all ℤ[G]‐modules. The paper includes a short analysis of the decision problem for the theories of (finitely generated) modules over ℤ[ζm], where m is a positive integer and ζm is a primitive mth root of 1.Mathematics Subject Classification: 03C60, 03B25.
Recursion in Partial Type‐1 Objects With Well‐Behaved Oracles
Authors: Tourlakis George 
Published: May 2007

AbstractWe refine the definition of II‐computability of [12] so that oracles have a “consistent”, but natural, behaviour. We prove a Kleene Normal Form Theorem and closure of semi‐recursive relations under ∃1. We also show that in this more inclusive computation theory Post's theorem in the arithmetical hierarchy still holds.Mathematics Subject Classification: 03D65, 03D75.
Properties of Tense Logics
Authors: Wolter Frank 
Published: May 2007

AbstractBased on the results of [11] this paper delivers uniform algorithms for deciding whether a finitely axiomatizable tense logic

has the finite model property,
is complete with respect to Kripke semantics,
is strongly complete with respect to Kripke semantics,
is d‐persistent,
is r‐persistent.

It is also proved that a tense logic is strongly complete iff the corresponding variety of bimodal algebras is complex, and that a tense logic is d‐persistent iff it is complete and its Kripke frames form a first order definable class. From this we obtain many natural non‐d‐persistent tense logics whose corresponding varieties of bimodal algebras are complex.Mathematics Subject Classification: 03B45, 03B25.
Exhibiting Wide Families of Maximal Intermediate Propositional Logics with the Disjunction Property
Authors: Bertolotti Guido , Miglioli Pierangelo , Silvestrini Daniela 
Published: May 2007

AbstractWe provide results allowing to state, by the simple inspection of suitable classes of posets (propositional Kripke frames), that the corresponding intermediate propositional logics are maximal among the ones which satisfy the disjunction property. Starting from these results, we directly exhibit, without using the axiom of choice, the Kripke frames semantics of 2No maximal intermediate propositional logics with the disjunction property. This improves previous evaluations, giving rise to the same conclusion but made with an essential use of the axiom of choice, of the cardinality of the set of the maximal intermediate propositional logics with the disjunction property.Mathematics Subject Classification: 03B55, 03C90.
Minimum‐sized Infinite Partitions of Boolean Algebras
Authors: Donald Monk J. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractFor any Boolean Algebra A, let cmm(A) be the smallest size of an infinite partition of unity in A. The relationship of this function to the 21 common functions described in Monk [4] is described, for the class of all Boolean algebras, and also for its most important subclasses. This description involves three main results: the existence of a rigid tree algebra in which cmm exceeds any preassigned number, a rigid interval algebra with that property, and the construction of an interval algebra in which every well‐ordered chain has size less than cmm.Mathematics Subject Classification: 06E05, 03E05.
A Relationship Among Gentzen's Proof‐Reduction, Kirby‐Paris' Hydra Game and Buchholz's Hydra Game
Authors: Hamano Masahiro , Okada Mitsuhiro 
Published: May 2007

AbstractWe first note that Gentzen's proof‐reduction for his consistency proof of PA can be directly interpreted as moves of Kirby‐Paris' Hydra Game, which implies a direct independence proof of the game (Section 1 and Appendix). Buchholz's Hydra Game for labeled hydras is known to be much stronger than PA. However, we show that the one‐dimensional version of Buchholz's Game can be exactly identified to Kirby‐Paris' Game (which is two‐dimensional but without labels), by a simple and natural interpretation (Section 2). Jervell proposed another type of a combinatorial game, by abstracting Gentzen's proof‐reductions and showed that his game is independent of PA. We show (Section 3) that this Jervell's game is actually much stronger than PA, by showing that the critical ordinal of Jervell's game is φω (0) (while that of PA or of Kirby‐Paris' Game is φ1 (0) = ϵ0) in the Veblen hierarchy of ordinals.