bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gene Delivery From Granular Scaffolds for Tunable Biologics Manufacturing
Authors: Kurt Evan , Devlin Garth , Asokan Aravind , Segura Tatiana 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe understanding of the molecular basis for disease has generated a myriad of therapeutic biologics, including therapeutic proteins, antibodies, and viruses. However, the promise that biologics can resolve currently incurable diseases hinges in their manufacturability. These therapeutics require that their genetic material be introduced to mammalian cells such that the cell machinery can manufacture the biological components. These are then purified, validated, and packaged. Most manufacturing uses batch processes that collect the biologic a few days following genetic modification, due to toxicity or difficulty in separating product from cells in a continuous operation, limiting the amount of biologic that can be produced and resulting in yearlong backlogs. Here, a scaffold‐based approach for continuous biologic manufacturing is presented, with sustained production of active antibodies and viruses for 30 days. The use of scaffold‐based biologic production enabled perfusion‐based bioreactors to be used, which can be incorporated into a fully continuous process.
Clinical safety and efficacy of a single‐dose gentamicin, posaconazole and mometasone furoate otic suspension for treatment of canine otitis externa
Authors: Heuer Lea , Wilhelm Cornelia , Roy Olivier , Löhlein Wolfgang , Wolf Oliver , Zschiesche Eva 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundA single‐dose, in‐clinic, veterinary professional‐administered treatment for canine otitis externa was developed to improve compliance and canine welfare.MethodsThis multicentre, controlled, examiner‐masked, randomised field trial was conducted in 316 dogs over 42 days. Dogs were treated once, on day 0, with the investigational product containing gentamicin, posaconazole and mometasone furoate (Mometamax Ultra [MU]) or twice (days 0 and 7) with a control product containing florfenicol, terbinafine and betamethasone acetate (CP). The primary endpoint was a composite otitis index score of 4 or less (of 12) on day 14 and 3 or less (of 12) on day 28.ResultsOn day 28, treatment success was recorded in 128 of 143 MU‐treated dogs (89.5%), significantly non‐inferior to 116 of 133 (87.2%) CP‐treated dogs (Farrington‐Manning test, Z = 4.1351, p < 0.0001). For mixed cultures of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and Malassezia pachydermatis, there was 100% treatment success in MU‐treated dogs (n = 33), significantly non‐inferior to 90.2% (37 of 41) in CP‐treated dogs (Farrington–Manning test, Z = 3.1954, p = 0.0007).LimitationsEfficacy in chronic otitis externa cases was not investigated. Cytology was not used to aid in diagnosis or for identification of secondary pathogens.ConclusionThis unique combination, single‐dose product is safe and effective in dogs with otitis externa. It offers enhanced compliance, canine welfare and quality of life by eliminating the owner burden of treating this painful condition.
Synthesis and characterization of star‐shaped PMMA using low‐ppm ARGET ATRP approach and changing to rigid powder for bone cement
Authors: Huynh Mai Duc , Linh Nguyen Thi Dieu , Huy Khuc Duong , Chung Ildoo , Tham Do Quang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSome low‐ppm concentrations of CuII complex catalyst (15, 30 and 60 ppm) were used for synthesis of 4‐arm star PMMA (4sPMMA) via Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization using Activators Regenerated by Electron Transfer approach (ARGET ATRP). CuBr2/pentamethyldiethylene triamine and tin(II) 2‐ethylhexanoate were used as a complex catalyst and reducing agent, respectively. Characterization of 4sPMMA samples was performed by using conversion measurement, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The obtained results demonstrated that the concentration of CuII of 30 ppm was suitable to prepare 4sPMMA with high monomer conversion up to 93.9 % at 80 °C for 24 hours (MnGPC = 29.7 kDa with target Mn of 30 kDa) for our case. Selected product of 4sPMMA in porous powder was next changed to rigid powder. Scanning electron microscopy measurement showed random‐shape morphology of the powder with bead size in the range of 5‐110 μm. Energy dispersive X‐ray analysis indicated that no traces of Cu and Sn metals were detected. The 4sPMMA beads can be prospectively used as a prepolymer component for acrylic bone cement.
Effect‐based methods in cultured cells—Valuable tools for detection of chemical hazards in drinking water
Authors: Lundqvist Johan , Oskarsson Agneta 
Published: March 2024

AbstractChemical contamination of drinking water is of great concern for public health. Chemical analyses are used for monitoring of selected chemicals, however, no information on unknown chemicals or potential toxicity of the mixture of chemicals in a water sample is obtained. Effect‐based methods in cells are new high throughput tools, to evaluate the hazard of the whole mixture of chemicals present in drinking water. These methods can be used together with chemical analysis for assessment of the chemical safety of drinking water. This article will review the principle of effect‐based methods in cells and how they compare to traditionally used chemical analysis and effect‐based methods in whole organisms. Further, this article will give examples from the literature, highlighting how cellular effect‐based methods can be used in different practical applications to improve drinking water safety; for example, for monitoring of drinking water quality and evaluation of treatment efficiency in drinking water processing. Finally, this article will review the current regulatory and water sector acceptance of these methods and discuss future expectations on the role of effect‐based methods for improved drinking water safety.This article is categorized under:
Engineering Water > Water, Health, and Sanitation
Science of Water > Water Quality
The Use and Application of SfM-Based Documentation in Excavation and Standing Remains Assessment of the Stabian Baths, Pompeii
Authors: Brünenberg Clemens , Rummel Christoph , Trümper Monika 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe international research project ‘Bathing Culture and the Development of Urban Space in Pompeii’, headed by the Institute for Classical Archaeology of the Freie Universität Berlin, uses Structure from Motion (SfM) 3D models to record, document and analyse complex archaeological and architectural situations at the Stabian Baths in Pompeii. The paper presents case studies of the application of 3D models in archaeological and architectural contexts and highlights their potential not only as a documentation method, but also as analytical tools and key aids in publishing. It also draws attention to problems arising from work with large and complex digital datasets in interdisciplinary and international research teams and suggests potential solutions.
Diffusion Metamaterials for Plasma Transport
Authors: Yang Fubao , Zhang Zeren 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPlasma technology has found widespread applications in numerous domains, yet the techniques to manipulate plasma transport predominantly rely on magnetic control. In this chapter, we present a streamlined diffusion-migration method to characterize plasma transport. Based on this framework, the viability of the transformation theory for plasma transport is demonstrated. Highlighted within are three model devices designed to cloak, concentrate, and rotate plasmas without significantly altering the density profile of background plasmas. Additionally, insights regarding potential implications for novel physics are discussed. This chapter aims to contribute to advancements in plasma technology, especially in sectors like medicine and chemistry.
Non-Hermitian Physics and Topological Phenomena in Convective Thermal Metamaterials
Authors: Yang Fu-Bao , Huang Ji-Ping 
Published: March 2024

AbstractNon-Hermitian physics and topological phenomena are two hot topics attracted much attention in condensed matter physics and artificial metamaterials. Thermal metamaterials are one type of metamaterials that can manipulate heat on one’s own. Recently, it has been found that non-Hermitian physics and topological phenomena can be implemented in purely conductive thermal metamaterials. However, conduction alone is not omnipotent due to the missing of degrees of freedom. Heat convection, accompanying with conduction, is capable of realizing a large number of phases. In this chapter, we will present some important works on non-Hermitian and topological convective thermal metamaterials. For non-Hermitian physics, we will first discuss the implementation of exceptional point (EP) in thermal diffusion, followed by high-order EP and dynamic encirclement of EP. We then discuss two works on the extensions of EP in thermal diffusion, namely, the chiral thermal behavior in the vicinity of EP and the Weyl exceptional ring. For topological phases, we will discuss two examples: a one-dimensional topological insulator and a two-dimensional quadrupole topological insulator. Finally, we will make a conclusion and present a promising outlook in this area.
Imaging of supratentorial intraventricular masses in children:a pictorial review— part 1
Authors: Gonçalves Fabrício Guimarães , Mahecha-Carvajal Mario E. , Desa Aishwary , Yildiz Harun , Talbeya Jawabreh Kassem , Moreno Luz Angela , Viaene Angela N. , Vossough Arastoo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This article is the first in a two-part series designed to provide a comprehensive overview of the range of supratentorial intraventricular masses observed in children. Our primary objective is to discuss the diverse types of intraventricular masses that originate not only from cells within the choroid plexus but also from other sources.

Methods
In this article, we review relevant epidemiological data, the current genetics/molecular classification as outlined in the fifth edition of the World Health Organization’s Classification of tumours of the Central Nervous System and noteworthy imaging findings. We conduct an exhaustive analysis of primary choroid plexus tumours as well as other conditions such as choroid plexus hyperplasia, choroid plexus cyst, choroid plexus xanthogranuloma, atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumour, meningioma, arteriovenous malformation and metastasis.

Results
We comprehensively evaluated each supratentorial intraventricular mass, providing an in-depth analysis of their unique clinical and histological characteristics. The fifth edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Tumours of the Central Nervous System introduces major modifications. These important changes could potentially have a profound impact on the management strategies and subsequent outcomes of these tumours.

Conclusion
Intraventricular masses in children can arise from various sources. Surgical intervention is key for certain supratentorial intraventricular masses in paediatric patients, with preoperative neuroimaging essential to decide the best treatment approach, surgical or otherwise, as some cases may not require surgery.
2.5-Minute Fast Brain MRI with Multiple Contrasts in Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Kits Annika , Al-Saadi Jonathan , De Luca Francesca , Janzon Fredrik , Mazya Michael V. , Lundberg Johan , Sprenger Tim , Skare Stefan , Delgado Anna Falk 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To assess the performance of a 2.5-minute multi-contrast brain MRI sequence (NeuroMix) in diagnosing acute cerebral infarctions.

Methods
Adult patients with a clinical suspicion of acute ischemic stroke were retrospectively included. Brain MRI at 3 T included NeuroMix and routine clinical MRI (cMRI) sequences, with DWI/ADC, T2-FLAIR, T2-weighted, T2*, SWI-EPI, and T1-weighted contrasts. Three radiologists (R1–3) independently assessed NeuroMix and cMRI for the presence of acute infarcts (DWI ↑, ADC = or ↓) and infarct-associated abnormalities on other image contrasts. Sensitivity, specificity, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) were calculated and compared using DeLong’s test. Inter- and intra-rater agreements were studied with kappa statistics. Relative DWI (rDWI) and T2-FLAIR (rT2-FLAIR) signal intensity for infarctions were semi-automatically rendered, and the correlation between methods was evaluated.

Results
According to the reference standard, acute infarction was present in 34 out of 44 (77%) patients (63 ± 17 years, 31 men). Other infarct-associated signal abnormalities were reported in similar frequencies on NeuroMix and cMRI (p > .08). Sensitivity for infarction detection was 94%, 100%, and 94% evaluated by R1, R2, R3, for NeuroMix and 94%, 100%, and 100% for cMRI. Specificity was 100%, 90%, and 100% for NeuroMix and 100%, 100%, and 100% for cMRI. AUC for NeuroMix was .97, .95, and .97 and .97, 1, and 1 for cMRI (DeLong p = 1, .32, .15), respectively. Inter- and intra-rater agreement was κ = .88–1. The correlation between NeuroMix and cMRI was R = .73 for rDWI and R = .83 for rT2-FLAIR.

Conclusion
Fast multi-contrast MRI NeuroMix has high diagnostic performance for detecting acute cerebral infarctions.
Strain rate sensitive polyampholyte hydrogels via well-dispersed XLG sheets
Authors: Su Esra , Yelemessova Gaukhargul , Toleutay Gaukhar 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe physical interactions between anionic and cationic monomers and the layered silicate clay mineral Laponite (XLG) have received great attention because of their potential for a variety of applications such as strain sensitive sensors, wearable electronics, drug delivery systems, and tissue engineering applications. A detailed investigation of the interaction between XLG and charged monomers is presented in this article. The study includes the observation of the changes in the viscosity of the solutions and the mechanical performance of the gels at various concentrations by adding XLG to the ionic monomer solution. The ionic interactions between XLG and the charged monomers, driven by electrostatic forces, play a crucial role in gelation and formation of a three-dimensional network, giving the structure strain rate sensitivity. In this way, the addition of XLG nanoparticles not only improves the mechanical properties of the gels, but also gives us information about the microstructure of the mechanical properties that change depending on the strain rate.
Artificial intelligence-assisted double reading of chest radiographs to detect clinically relevant missed findings: a two-centre evaluation
Authors: Topff Laurens , Steltenpool Sanne , Ranschaert Erik R. , Ramanauskas Naglis , Menezes Renee , Visser Jacob J. , Beets-Tan Regina G. H. , Hartkamp Nolan S. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Objectives
To evaluate an artificial intelligence (AI)–assisted double reading system for detecting clinically relevant missed findings on routinely reported chest radiographs.

Methods
A retrospective study was performed in two institutions, a secondary care hospital and tertiary referral oncology centre. Commercially available AI software performed a comparative analysis of chest radiographs and radiologists’ authorised reports using a deep learning and natural language processing algorithm, respectively. The AI-detected discrepant findings between images and reports were assessed for clinical relevance by an external radiologist, as part of the commercial service provided by the AI vendor. The selected missed findings were subsequently returned to the institution’s radiologist for final review.

Results
In total, 25,104 chest radiographs of 21,039 patients (mean age 61.1 years ± 16.2 [SD]; 10,436 men) were included. The AI software detected discrepancies between imaging and reports in 21.1% (5289 of 25,104). After review by the external radiologist, 0.9% (47 of 5289) of cases were deemed to contain clinically relevant missed findings. The institution’s radiologists confirmed 35 of 47 missed findings (74.5%) as clinically relevant (0.1% of all cases). Missed findings consisted of lung nodules (71.4%, 25 of 35), pneumothoraces (17.1%, 6 of 35) and consolidations (11.4%, 4 of 35).

Conclusion
The AI-assisted double reading system was able to identify missed findings on chest radiographs after report authorisation. The approach required an external radiologist to review the AI-detected discrepancies. The number of clinically relevant missed findings by radiologists was very low.

Clinical relevance statement
The AI-assisted double reader workflow was shown to detect diagnostic errors and could be applied as a quality assurance tool. Although clinically relevant missed findings were rare, there is potential impact given the common use of chest radiography.

Key Points
• A commercially available double reading system supported by artificial intelligence was evaluated to detect reporting errors in chest radiographs (n=25,104) from two institutions.
• Clinically relevant missed findings were found in 0.1% of chest radiographs and consisted of unreported lung nodules, pneumothoraces and consolidations.
• Applying AI software as a secondary reader after report authorisation can assist in reducing diagnostic errors without interrupting the radiologist’s reading workflow. However, the number of AI-detected discrepancies was considerable and required review by a radiologist to assess their relevance.

Graphical Abstract
Collaborative encoding with a new categorization task: a contribution to collaborative memory research
Authors: Conte Nadia , Pelegrina Santiago , Padulo Caterina , Marascia Erika , Fairfield Beth 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCollaborative memory research has focused primarily on the effects of collaboration at recall with collaboration during encoding receiving less attention. In the present study, collaboration was investigated both at encoding and at retrieval to determine its effects and possible interactions. The aim was to clarify whether the collaborative inhibition effect depended on whether the encoding was with the same or with a different partner. A total of 320 participants (160 Italian and 160 Spanish undergraduate students) were administered a modified version of the collaborative memory paradigm with a new categorization task of verbal affective stimuli at encoding. Specifically, they were asked to classify 90 printed words into 6 categories, so as to have 15 words in each category and then did two recall tasks. Participants were assigned to one of five possible conditions according to encoding (collaborative, individual) and recall (collaborative with the same partner, with another partner, and individual). Results show a collaborative encoding deficit and the classic collaborative inhibition effect independently of whether the encoding was collaborative or individual and even in a collaborative recall group that showed a degree of recall output organization comparable to that of the individual recall group. These results are not wholly consistent with a retrieval disruption explanation and are discussed according to divided attention during collaborative recall and how it may contribute to the collaborative inhibition effect.
The multiple roles of autophagy in uveal melanoma and the microenvironment
Authors: Liu Bo , Yao Xueting , Shang Yu , Dai Jinhui 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common primary malignant intraocular tumor in adults, and effective clinical treatment strategies are still lacking. Autophagy is a lysosome-dependent degradation system that can encapsulate abnormal proteins, damaged organelles. However, dysfunctional autophagy has multiple types and plays a complex role in tumorigenicity depending on many factors, such as tumor stage, microenvironment, signaling pathway activation, and application of autophagic drugs.

Methods
A systematic review of the literature was conducted to analyze the role of autophagy in UM, as well as describing the development of autophagic drugs and the link between autophagy and the tumor microenvironment.

Results
In this review, we summarize current research advances regarding the types of autophagy, the mechanisms of autophagy, the application of autophagy inhibitors or agonists, autophagy and the tumor microenvironment. Finally, we also discuss the relationship between autophagy and UM.

Conclusion
Understanding the molecular mechanisms of how autophagy differentially affects tumor progression may help to design better therapeutic regimens to prevent and treat UM.
PIK3CA mutation-driven immune signature as a prognostic marker for evaluating the tumor immune microenvironment and therapeutic response in breast cancer
Authors: Ren Xueting , Cui Hanxiao , Dai Luyao , Chang Lidan , Liu Dandan , Yan Wenyu , Zhao Xuyan , Kang Huafeng , Ma Xiaobin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Gene mutations drive tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) heterogeneity, in turn affecting prognosis and immunotherapy efficacy. PIK3CA is the most frequently mutated gene in breast cancer (BC), yet its relevance to BC prognosis remains controversial. Herein, we sought to determine the impact of PIK3CA mutation-driven immune genes (PDIGs) on BC prognosis in relation to TIME heterogeneity.

Methods
PIK3CA mutation characteristics were compared and verified between the TCGA-BRCA dataset and a patient cohort from our hospital. PIK3CA mutation-driven differentially expressed genes were identified for consensus clustering and weighted gene co-expression network analysis to select the modules most relevant to the immune subtype. Thereafter, the two were intersected to obtain PDIGs. Univariate Cox, LASSO, and multivariate Cox regression analyses were sequentially performed on PDIGs to obtain a PIK3CA mutation-driven immune signature (PDIS), which was then validated using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differences in functional enrichment, mutation landscape, immune infiltration, checkpoint gene expression, and drug response were compared between different risk groups.

Results
PIK3CA mutation frequencies in the TCGA and validation cohorts were 34.49% and 40.83%, respectively. PIK3CA mutants were significantly associated with ER, PR, and molecular BC subtypes in our hospital cohort. The PDIS allowed for effective risk stratification and exhibited prognostic power in TCGA and GEO sets. The low-risk patients exhibited greater immune infiltration, higher expression of common immune checkpoint factors, and lower scores for tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion.

Conclusion
The PDIS can be used as an effective prognostic model for predicting immunotherapy response to guide clinical decision-making.