bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vertical and Horizontal Double Gradient Design for Super‐Slippery and High‐Bearing Hydrogel Skeleton
Authors: Zhang Zhizhi , Ma Yanfei , Yu Bo , Ma Shuanhong , Yang Hao , Liu Lunkun , Yu Jianqing , Pei Xiaowei , Cai Meirong , Zhou Feng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHydrogels with excellent hydrophilicity, high water content, outstanding biocompatibility, and lubrication properties are among the promising articular cartilage replacement materials. Despite extensive research focus on lubrication of hydrogels, realization of bioinspired materials with high load‐bearing, low‐friction, extraordinary lubrication, and anti‐wear properties is challenging. Herein, robust lubrication can be realized by structuring vertical and horizontal dual gradient surfaces, with structural design in vertical direction gradually transitioning from an anisotropic tubular to a compact body to provide load‐bearing, and a surface rigid porous polymer skeleton and a filled loose lubricating polymer structural design to provide lubrication in horizontal direction. What is more, gradient transition region in vertical direction greatly weakens gradient layer interface stress to increase load‐bearing, and gradient surface in horizontal direction is constructed by interconnected surface rigid polymer skeleton containing “pockets” that house highly hydrated and mechanically fragile soft lubrication polymer to prevent removal of lubrications under high load and wear. The designed hydrogel has an extremely low coefficient of friction (COF) with hard steel (COF ≈0.0036, 50 N, 35,000 cycles) and achieves a balance between lubrication and load bearing. The work opens up an avenue for rational design of high load‐bearing and ultralow friction soft material surfaces.
Self‐Timed and Spatially Targeted Delivery of Chemical Cargo by Motile Liquid Crystal
Authors: Wang Xin , Yang Yu , Roh Sangchul , Hormozi Sarah , Gianneschi Nathan C. , Abbott Nicholas L. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA key challenge underlying the design of miniature machines is encoding materials with time‐ and space‐specific functional behaviors that require little human intervention. Dissipative processes that drive materials beyond equilibrium and evolve continuously with time and location represent one promising strategy to achieve such complex functions. This work reports how internal nonequilibrium states of liquid crystal (LC) emulsion droplets undergoing chemotaxis can be used to time the delivery of a chemical agent to a targeted location. During ballistic motion, hydrodynamic shear forces dominate LC elastic interactions, dispersing microdroplet inclusions (microcargo) within double emulsion droplets. Scale‐dependent colloidal forces then hinder the escape of dispersed microcargo from the propelling droplet. Upon arrival at the targeted location, a circulatory flow of diminished strength allows the microcargo to cluster within the LC elastic environment such that hydrodynamic forces grow to exceed colloidal forces and thus trigger the escape of the microcargo. This work illustrates the utility of the approach by using microcargo that initiate polymerization upon release through the outer interface of the carrier droplet. These findings provide a platform that utilizes nonequilibrium strategies to design autonomous spatial and temporal functions into active materials.
Gradiently Foaming Ultrasoft Hydrogel with Stop Holes for Highly Deformable, Crack‐Resistant and Sensitive Conformal Human‐Machine Interfaces
Authors: Hui Zengyu , Zhang Zhao , Wang Yurong , Zhang Runrun , Liu Xin , Jiang Mingjie , Ju Feng , Hou Wenteng , Xia Zhongming , Wang Deya , Wang Pengfei , Pei Yangyang , Yan Ren , Zhang Yan , Chen Qiang , Huang Wei , Sun Gengzhi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHydrogels are considered as promising materials for human‐machine interfaces (HMIs) owing to their merits of tailorable mechanical and electrical properties; nevertheless, it remains challenging to simultaneously achieve ultrasoftness, good mechanical robustness and high sensitivity, which are the pre‐requisite requirements for wearable sensing applications. Herein, for the first time, this work proposes a universal phase‐transition‐induced bubbling strategy to fabricate ultrasoft gradient foam‐shaped hydrogels (FSHs) with stop holes for high deformability, crack‐resistance and sensitive conformal HMIs. As a typical system, the FSH based on polyacrylamide/sodium alginate system shows an ultralow Young's modulus (1.68 kPa), increased sustainable strain (1411%), enhanced fracture toughness (915.6 J m−2), improved tensile sensitivity (21.77), and compressive sensitivity (65.23 kPa−1). The FSHs are used for precisely acquiring and identifying gesture commands of the operator to remotely control a surgical robot for endoscopy and an electric ship in a first‐person perspective for cruising, feeding crabs and monitoring the environmental change in real‐time.
Investigation of 3D Printed Bioresorbable Vascular Scaffold Crimping Behavior
Authors: Collins Caralyn P. , Leng Junqing , Fu Rao , Ding Yonghui , Ameer Guillermo , Sun Cheng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe rise in additive manufacturing (AM) offers myriad opportunities for 3D printed polymeric vascular scaffolds, such as customization and on‐the‐spot manufacturing, in vivo biodegradation, incorporation of drugs to prevent restenosis, and visibility under X‐ray. To maximize these benefits, informed scaffold design is critical. Polymeric bioresorbable vascular scaffolds (BVS) must undergo significant deformation prior to implantation in a diameter‐reduction process known as crimping that enables minimally invasive surgery. Understanding the behavior of vascular scaffolds in this step provides twofold benefits: first, it ensures the BVS is able to accommodate stresses occurring during this process to prevent failure, and further, it provides information on the radial strength of the BVS, a key metric to understanding its post‐implant performance in the artery. To capitalize on the fast manufacturing speed AM provides, a low time cost solution for understanding scaffold performance during this step is necessary. Through simulation of the BVS crimping process in ABAQUS using experimentally obtained bulk material properties, a qualitative analysis tool is developed that is capable of accurately comparing relative performance trends of varying BVS designs during crimping in a fraction of the time of experimental testing, thereby assisting in the integration of informed design into the additive manufacturing process.
Synthesis of Spiroindolenines by Iodine‐Mediated Dearomative Aza‐Spirocyclization of Indoles
Authors: Zhao Zongxiang , Qiu Huilin , Chang Junbiao , Yu Wenquan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA transition‐metal‐free dearomative aza‐spirocyclization reaction of 2,3‐disubstituted indoles is established by using molecular iodine under basic conditions. The required substrates were prepared via sequential Fisher indole synthesis and sulfonylation. This dearomatization reaction is amenable to gram‐scale synthesis, and provides access to various spiroindolenine derivatives from indole sulfonamide precursors.
Asymmetric Synthesis of 3,4‐Dihydroquinolin‐2‐ones via Organocatalytic [4+2]‐Cyclization of 2‐Amino‐β‐nitrostyrenes with Azlactones
Authors: Kim Heebum , Kim Yeongju , Kim Sung‐Gon 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDihydroquinolin‐2‐ones, recognized for their bioactive properties, feature a six‐membered structure with nitrogen‐containing heterocycles. A method has been developed for synthesizing enantioenriched 3,4‐dihydroquinoline‐2‐one derivatives. This approach utilizes an asymmetric [4+2]‐cyclization process, combining 2‐amino‐β‐nitrostyrenes with azlactones, and is facilitated by a bifunctional squaramide‐based organocatalyst. This process has enabled the creation of chiral 3,4‐dihydroquinoline‐2‐ones with complex structures, including chiral tetrasubstituted carbon stereocenters, delivering corresponding products in 26–95% yield with a diastereomeric ratio of 1.2:1–19:1 and 52–97 ee.
Visible Light Induced Photocatalyst‐Free C−X (X=B, C, O, P,S, Se) Bond Formation of Aryl Halides
Authors: Singh Jitender , Singh Nihal , Sharma Anuj 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAryl halides are one of the most important chemical feedstocks in pharmaceuticals due to its easy accessibility, inexpensiveness, and widely utilized as aryl radical precursors in organic synthetic chemistry. Conventionally, the stoichiometric reagents such as AIBN/n‐Bu3SnH were used for generation of aryl radical from aryl halides, and suffered from requirement of toxic radical initiators, high temperature and thus, the development of simple, mild strategies for the generation of aryl radical from aryl halides are highly desirable. Recently, visible light mediated strategies received considerable attention, allowing the generation of aryl radical from aryl halides under mild reaction conditions. The present review described the recent breakthroughs and advancements in visible light mediated photocatalyst‐free C−B/C/O/P/Se/S bond formation of aryl halides.
Progress in the Treatment of Central Nervous System Diseases Based on Nanosized Traditional Chinese Medicine
Authors: Li Jing , Long Qingyin , Ding Huang , Wang Yang , Luo Dan , Li Zhou , Zhang Wei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTraditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is widely used in clinical practice to treat diseases related to central nervous system (CNS) damage. However, the blood‐brain barrier (BBB) constitutes a significant impediment to the effective delivery of TCM, thus substantially diminishing its efficacy. Advances in nanotechnology and its applications in TCM (also known as nano‐TCM) can deliver active ingredients or components of TCM across the BBB to the targeted brain region. This review provides an overview of the physiological and pathological mechanisms of the BBB and systematically classifies the common TCM used to treat CNS diseases and types of nanocarriers that effectively deliver TCM to the brain. Additionally, drug delivery strategies for nano‐TCMs that utilize in vivo physiological properties or in vitro devices to bypass or cross the BBB are discussed. This review further focuses on the application of nano‐TCMs in the treatment of various CNS diseases. Finally, this article anticipates a design strategy for nano‐TCMs with higher delivery efficiency and probes their application potential in treating a wider range of CNS diseases.
SMC1A epilepsy syndrome: clinical data from a large international cohort
Authors: Gibellato Elisabetta , Cianci Paola , Mariani Milena , Parma Barbara , Huisman Sylvia , Śmigiel Robert , Bisgaard Anne‐Marie , Massa Valentina , Gervasini Cristina , Moretti Alex , Cattoni Alessandro , Biondi Andrea , Selicorni Angelo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSMC1A epilepsy syndrome or developmental and epileptic encephalopathy‐85 with or without midline brain defects (DEE85, OMIM #301044) is an X‐linked neurologic disorder associated with mutations of the SMC1A gene, which is also responsible for about 5% of patients affected by Cornelia de Lange syndrome spectrum (CdLS). Only described in female patients, SMC1A epilepsy syndrome is characterized by the onset of severe refractory epileptic seizures in the first year of life, global developmental delay, a variable degree of intellectual disability, and dysmorphic facial features not typical of CdLS. This was a descriptive observational study for the largest international cohort with this specific disorder. The main goal of this study was to improve the knowledge of the natural history of this phenotype with particular attention to the psychomotor development and the epilepsy data. The analyzed cohort shows normal prenatal growth with the subsequent development of postnatal microcephaly. The incidence of neonatal problems (seizures and respiratory compromise) is considerable (51.4%). There is a significant prevalence of central nervous system (20%) and cardiovascular malformations (20%). Motor skills are generally delayed. The presence of drug‐resistant epilepsy is confirmed; the therapeutic role of a ketogenic diet is still uncertain. The significant regression of previously acquired skills following the onset of seizures has been observed. Facial dysmorphisms are variable and no patient shows a classic CdLS phenotype. To sum up, SMC1A variants caused drug‐resistant epilepsy in these patients, more than two‐thirds of whom were shown to progress to developmental and epileptic encephalopathy. The SMC1A gene variants are all different from each other (apart from a couple of monozygotic twins), demonstrating the absence of a mutational hotspot in the SMC1A gene. Owing to the absence of phenotypic specificity, whole‐exome sequencing is currently the diagnostic gold standard.
Stereoselective Synthesis of 4‐Hydroxy‐1‐Silyl‐1‐Allenylboranes and Access to 2‐Silylethynyl‐1,3‐Diols
Authors: El Haj Brahim Ichrak , Ishak Dridi Islem , Abderrahim Raoudha , Chemla Fabrice , Ferreira Franck , Jackowski Olivier , Pérez‐Luna Alejandro 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe highly stereoselective gem‐silylboration of chiral 2‐substituted 1‐ethynylepoxides is reported herein. The reaction involves first the deprotonation of the epoxides in the acetylenic position followed by transmetallation with Et3SiBpin. The transient silylborane ate‐complexes generated undergo the stereoselective 1,2‐migration of the Et3Si‐group to the sp‐hybridized terminus carbon of the ethynyl‐moiety in a stereospecific anti‐addition. The moisture‐sensitive and thermally unstable 4‐hydroxy‐1‐triethylsilyl‐1‐allenyl(pinacolato)boranes thus obtained react with aldehydes through an SE2’‐mode of addition, affording highly functionalized 2‐triethysilylethynyl‐1,3‐diols with a good diastereoselectivity which is rationalized by a Yamamoto‐Houk type transition state model.
Circular Dichroism Sensing: Strategies and Applications
Authors: Formen Jeffrey S. S. K. , Howard James R. , Anslyn Eric V. , Wolf Christian 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe analysis of the absolute configuration, enantiomeric composition, and concentration of chiral compounds are frequently encountered tasks across the chemical and health sciences. Chiroptical sensing methods can streamline this work and allow high‐throughput screening with remarkable reduction of operational time and cost. During the last few years, significant methodological advances with innovative chirality sensing systems, the use of computer‐generated calibration curves, machine learning assistance, and chemometric data processing, to name a few, have emerged and are now matched with commercially available multi‐well plate CD readers. These developments have reframed the chirality sensing space and provide new opportunities that are of interest to a large group of chemists. This review will discuss chirality sensing strategies and applications with representative small‐molecule CD sensors. Emphasis will be given to important milestones and recent advances that accelerate chiral compound analysis by outperforming traditional methods, conquer new directions, and pioneering efforts that lie at the forefront of chiroptical high‐throughput screening developments. The goal is to provide the reader with a thorough understanding of the current state and a perspective of future directions of this rapidly emerging field.
A Conjugated Phenylene Nanocage with a Guest‐Adaptive Deformable Cavity
Authors: Yang Jingxuan , Mao Liang‐Liang , Xiao Hongyan , Zhang Guohui , Zhang Shaoguang , Kang Lei , Lin Zheshuai , Tung Chen‐Ho , Wu Li‐Zhu , Cong Huan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe highly strained, phenylene‐derived organic cages are typically regarded as very rigid entities, yet their deformation potential and supramolecular properties remain underexplored. Herein, we report a pliable conjugated phenylene nanocage by synergistically merging rigid and flexible building blocks. The anisotropic cage molecule contains branched phenylene chains capped by a calix[6]arene moiety, the delicate conformational changes of which endow the cage with a remarkably deformable cavity. When complexing with fullerene guests, the cage showcases excellent guest‐adaptivity, with its cavity volume capable of swelling by as much as 85 %.
Directed Electron Delivery from a Pb‐Free Halide Perovskite to a Co(II) Molecular Catalyst Boosts CO2 Photoreduction Coupled with Water Oxidation
Authors: Zhao Jin‐Shuang , Mu Yan‐Fei , Wu Li‐Yuan , Luo Zhi‐Mei , Velasco Lucia , Sauvan Maxime , Moonshiram Dooshaye , Wang Jia‐Wei , Zhang Min , Lu Tong‐Bu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe development of high‐performance photocatalytic systems for CO2 reduction is appealing to address energy and environmental issues, while it is challenging to avoid using toxic metals and organic sacrificial reagents. We here immobilize a family of cobalt phthalocyanine catalysts on Pb‐free halide perovskite Cs2AgBiBr6 nanosheets with delicate control on the anchors of the cobalt catalysts. Among them, the molecular hybrid photocatalyst assembled by carboxyl anchors achieves the optimal performance with an electron consumption rate of 300±13 μmol g−1 h−1 for visible‐light‐driven CO2‐to‐CO conversion coupled with water oxidation to O2, over 8 times of the unmodified Cs2AgBiBr6 (36±8 μmol g−1 h−1), also far surpassing the documented systems (<150 μmol g−1 h−1). Besides the improved intrinsic activity, electrochemical, computational, ex‐/in situ X‐ray photoelectron and X‐ray absorption spectroscopic results indicate that the electrons photogenerated at the Bi atoms of Cs2AgBiBr6 can be directionally transferred to the cobalt catalyst via the carboxyl anchors which strongly bind to the Bi atoms, substantially facilitating the interfacial electron transfer kinetics and thereby the photocatalysis.
The Ackerman Institute: a journey of culture and diversity over six decades. A conversation with Evan Imber‐Black
Authors: Amorin‐Woods Deisy , Imber‐Black Evan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe Ackerman Institute for the Family, established in 1960 by Dr Nathan Ackerman, stands as one of the oldest and most respected family therapy institutes in the United States. Ackerman pioneered the integration of systemic insights into group settings, emphasised the crucial role of family in therapy, and advocated for the advancement and acceptance of family therapy. ‘The Ackerman’ played a pivotal role in launching Family Process, the first journal dedicated to academic activities in family therapy. Diversity and inclusion have been central tenets of Ackerman philosophy, evident in its programs, training courses, and staff composition. This commitment has produced a veritable cadre of family therapy leaders who have contributed significantly to both the Ackerman Institute and the profession, influencing policy decisions and clinical practices. One of the most esteemed and respected thought leaders and innovators of our field, who played a vital role in the legacy of several institutions, including the Ackerman, is Dr. Evan Imber‐Black. She served as a long‐time faculty member and director of the Ackerman Center for Families and Health. Her expertise encompasses the exploration of family rituals and family secrets, with a focus on the importance of rituals in providing meaning, identity, and connection across diverse cultures and family life cycles. As editor of Family Process for 8 years, she highlights the importance of examining scholarly work in the context of cultures as a requirement – we do not stand outside the culture – we are active participants. This paper is based on a conversation with Dr Evan Imber‐Black, held in June 2023, delving into her personal and professional experiences, her connection to the Ackerman Institute, and her influential work on family rituals and secrets. Through this exploration, the paper sheds light on her commitment to diversity and the lasting impact of Dr Imber‐Black's contributions to family therapy.
Effects of carboxylated styrene‐butadiene latex nanoparticles on channeling leakage and pore structure of oil well cement
Authors: Dong Zhanpeng , Wang Janwei , Hu Miaomiao , Yu Jiayu , Guo Jintang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe exploitation efficiency of oil and gas resources depends on the cementing quality. In cementing engineering, interlayer migration occurs in the underground gas layer with cement hole as the main channel, which seriously threatens the sealing integrity of cement casing and leads to the failure of cementing operation. To improve the gas migration control ability of oil well cement (OWC), two carboxylated styrene‐butadiene latex nanomaterials styrene butadiene latex containing itaconic acid and sodium p‐styrene sulfonate (SBSI) and styrene‐butadiene latex containing methacrylic acid and sodium p‐styrene sulfonate (SBSM) were synthesized. The effects of SBSI and SBSM with different carboxyl structures on the gas migration control ability and pore structure of cement were investigated. The results show that the latex is densely packed on the cement matrix through the dissociation and adsorption behavior of carboxyl groups, and the smaller particle size and lower adsorption are more conducive to the formation of the film. The introduction of latex effectively shortened the transition time of cement gel state and significantly reduced the permeability of interlayer material migration. Compared with OWC, the transition time of cement containing SBSI and SBSM latex (SBSI/OWC and SBSM/OWC) decreased from 28 to 18 and 17 min, respectively, and the filter loss decreased from 60 to 40 and 36 mL, respectively. The isolation effect of the latex film on the interlayer gas and the provision of mechanical support have greatly improved the gas migration control ability of the cement and ensured the cementing quality. In addition, the refinement of cement pore structure caused by latex brings better rheological and mechanical properties to cement. This study clarified the change of latex in the gel transition stage of OWC from liquid to solid and revealed the mechanism of latex on the internal structure change of cement. It broadens the application range of latex nanomaterials in the field of OWC and provides a new possibility for the use of OWC in high temperature and high salt environment.
Carboxylated PIM‐1 incorporating sulfonated graphene oxide effectively improves the ion transport properties of the membrane
Authors: Song Yuanhang , Wang Tao , Zhang Jingxian , Li Yanhui , Li Junru , Zhang Chuanwei , Zhang Pengfei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study explores the ion transport properties of self‐microporous polymers by introducing a novel combination of carboxylated PIM‐1 with sulfonated graphene oxide (SGO) to fabricate membranes. The resulting membranes exhibit enhanced structural stability, hydrophilicity, and ion exchange capacity (IEC) compared with the original carboxylated PIM‐1 (CPIM‐1), while preserving the subnanoporous structure. However, it was observed that excessive SGO loading leads to a detrimental “blocking effect” that compromises various membrane properties. Through electrically driven ion transport tests in a 0.01 M NaCl solution, it is demonstrated that a moderate amount of SGO effectively enhances membrane conductivity from 46.96 μS m−1 (for carboxylated PIM‐1 membranes without SGO) to 56.55 μS m−1. Additionally, the membranes exhibit selective sieving of cations and anions. The presence of small‐sized ion channels and the electrostatic repulsion generated by the abundant carboxyl and sulfonic acid groups significantly hinder Cl− transport. Consequently, the Na+/Cl− migration ratio (t+/t−) reaches 98 at a concentration ratio of 10:1 on both sides of the membrane, surpassing the value of 3.74 observed for the pure CPIM‐1 membrane. This investigation provides valuable insights for the practical application of easily prepared, processable, and cost‐effective hydrophilic self‐contained microporous polymer membranes in ion transport applications.