bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Octopamine and 5‐hydroxytryptamine mediate hemocytic phagocytosis and nodule formation via eicosanoids in the beet armyworm,Spodoptera exigua
Authors: Kim Geun Seob , Nalini Madanagopal , Kim Yonggyun , Lee Dae ‐ Weon 
Published: January 2009

AbstractOctopamine and 5‐hydroxytryptamine (5‐HT) have been known to mediate cellular immune responses, such as hemocytic phagocytosis and nodule formation, during bacterial invasion in some insects. In addition, eicosanoids also mediate these cellular immune reactions in various insects, resulting in clearing the bacteria circulating in the hemolymph. This study investigated a hypothesis on signal cross‐talk between both types of immune mediators in the beet armyworm,Spodoptera exigua,which had been observed in the effect of eicosanoids on mediating the cellular immune responses. In response to bacterial infection, octopamine or 5‐HT markedly enhanced both hemocytic phagocytosis and nodule formation inS. exigualarvae. Their specific antagonists, phentolamine (an octopamine antagonist) or ketanserin (a 5‐HT antagonist) suppressed both cellular immune responses ofS. exigua. These effects of biogenic monoamines on the immune mediation were expressed through eicosanoids because the inhibitory effects of both antagonists were rescued by the addition of arachidonic acid (a precursor of eicosanoid biosynthesis). Furthermore, the stimulatory effects of both monoamines on the cellular immune responses were significantly suppressed by different inhibitors acting at their specific levels of eicosanoid biosynthesis. Taken together, this study suggests that octopamine and 5‐HT can mediate hemocytic phagocytosis and nodule formation through a downstream signal pathway relayed by eicosanoids inS. exigua. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Toxicity and disruption of midgut physiology in larvae of the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis, by anion transporter blockers
Authors: Boina Dhana Raj , Bloomquist Jeffrey R. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractIn this study, four blockers of anion transporters (ATs) belonging to four different classes of organic acids, including DIDS (4, 4'‐diisothiocyanatostilbene‐2, 2'‐ disulfonic acid; a stilbene disulfonic acid), NPPB [(5‐nitro‐2‐(3‐phenylpropylamino) benzoic acid; an anthranilic acid)], 9‐AC (anthracene‐9‐carboxylic acid; an aromatic carboxylic acid), and IAA‐94 (indanyloxy acetic acid; an indanyloxy alkanoic acid), were tested for their toxicity against the European corn borer (ECB), Ostrinia nubilalis. All the AT blockers inhibited the growth of larvae, increased the developmental time, and decreased survival compared to controls, when second‐instar ECB larvae were fed for seven days on treated diet. In general, DIDS and NPPB were the most active compounds, with the rank order of activity being DIDS>NPPB>IAA‐94>9‐AC. All the AT blockers decreased the midgut alkalinity in fifth‐instar larvae when fed for 3 h on treated diet. Effective concentrations required for 50% decrease in midgut alkalinity (EC50) ranged between 29.1 and 41.2 ppm and the rank order of activity was NPPB>DIDS>IAA‐94>9‐AC. Similarly, all the tested AT blockers inhibited 36Cl− uptake from the midgut lumen in fifth‐instar larvae when fed for 3 h on treated diet. Concentrations required for 50% inhibition of 36Cl− uptake (IC50) ranged between 7.4 and 11.0 ppm and the rank order of activity was DIDS>NPPB>9‐AC >IAA‐94. Modest to highly strong positive correlations observed among growth, midgut alkalinity, and midgut Cl− ion transport in AT blocker–fed larvae suggested that these effects are causally related to each other. Finally, AT blockers have the potential to become good candidates for development of insecticides with a unique mode of action. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Turning working papers into journal articles: An exercise in microbibliometrics
Authors: Frandsen Tove Faber , Wouters Paul 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThis article focuses on the process of scientific and scholarly communication. Data on open access publications on the Internet not only provides a supplement to the traditional citation indexes but also enables analysis of the microprocesses and daily practices that constitute scientific communication. This article focuses on a stage in the life cycle of scientific and scholarly information that precedes the publication of formal research articles in the scientific and scholarly literature. Binomial logistic regression models are used to analyse precise mechanisms at work in the transformation of a working paper (WP) into a journal article (JA) in the field of economics. The study unveils a fine‐grained process of adapting WPs to their new context as JAs by deleting and adding literature references, which perhaps can be best captured by the term sculpting.
Integrating multiple windows and document features for expert finding
Authors: Zhu Jianhan , Song Dawei , Rüger Stefan 
Published: January 2009

AbstractExpert finding is a key task in enterprise search and has recently attracted lots of attention from both research and industry communities. Given a search topic, a prominent existing approach is to apply some information retrieval (IR) system to retrieve top ranking documents, which will then be used to derive associations between experts and the search topic based on cooccurrences. However, we argue that expert finding is more sensitive to multiple levels of associations and document features that current expert finding systems insufficiently address, including (a) multiple levels of associations between experts and search topics, (b) document internal structure, and (c) document authority. We propose a novel approach that integrates the above‐mentioned three aspects as well as a query expansion technique in a two‐stage model for expert finding. A systematic evaluation is conducted on TREC collections to test the performance of our approach as well as the effects of multiple windows, document features, and query expansion. These experimental results show that query expansion can dramatically improve expert finding performance with statistical significance. For three well‐known IR models with or without query expansion, document internal structures help improve a single window‐based approach but without statistical significance, while our novel multiple window‐based approach can significantly improve the performance of a single window‐based approach both with and without document internal structures.
Scaling rules in the science system: Influence of field‐specific citation characteristics on the impact of individual researchers
Authors: Costas Rodrigo , Bordons Maria , van Leeuwen Thed N. , van Raan Anthony F.J. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThe representation of science as a citation density landscape and the study of scaling rules with the field‐specific citation density as a main topological property was previously analyzed at the level of research groups. Here, the focus is on the individual researcher. In this new analysis, the size dependence of several main bibliometric indicators for a large set of individual researchers is explored. Similar results as those previously observed for research groups are described for individual researchers. The total number of citations received by scientists increases in a cumulatively advantageous way as a function of size (in terms of number of publications) for researchers in three areas: Natural Resources, Biology & Biomedicine, and Materials Science. This effect is stronger for researchers in low citation density fields. Differences found among thematic areas with different citation densities are discussed.
Preattentive auditory information processing under exposure to the 902 MHz GSM mobile phone electromagnetic field: A mismatch negativity (MMN) study
Authors: Kwon Myoung Soo , Kujala Teija , Huotilainen Minna , Shestakova Anna , Näätänen Risto , Hämäläinen Heikki 
Published: January 2009

AbstractPrevious studies on the effects of the mobile phone electromagnetic field (EMF) on various event‐related potential (ERP) components have yielded inconsistent and even contradictory results, and often failed in replication. The mismatch negativity (MMN) is an auditory ERP component elicited by infrequent (deviant) stimuli differing in some physical features from the repetitive frequent (standard) stimuli in a sound sequence. The MMN provides a sensitive measure for cortical auditory stimulus feature discrimination, regardless of attention and other contaminating factors. In this study, MMN responses to duration, intensity, frequency, and gap changes were recorded in healthy young adults (n = 17), using a multifeature paradigm including several types of auditory change in the same stimulus sequence, while a GSM mobile phone was placed on either ear with the EMF (902 MHz pulsed at 217 Hz; SAR1g = 1.14 W/kg, SAR10g = 0.82 W/kg, peak value = 1.21 W/kg, measured with an SAM phantom) on or off. An MMN was elicited by all deviant types, while its amplitude and latency showed no significant differences due to EMF exposure for any deviant types. In the present study, we found no conclusive evidence that acute exposure to GSM mobile phone EMF affects cortical auditory change detection processing reflected by the MMN. Bioelectromagnetics 30:241–248, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Teratological evaluation of mouse fetuses exposed to a 20 kHz EMF
Authors: Lee Hae‐June , Pack Jeong‐Ki , Gimm Youn‐Myoung , Choi Hyung‐Do , Kim Nam , Kim Sung‐Ho , Lee Yun‐Sil 
Published: January 2009

AbstractAs a continuation of our previous study, we performed a teratological evaluation of the importance of gestational age with regards to the exposure of 20 kHz intermediate frequency magnetic field (IF) on pregnant ICR mice. The pregnant mice were exposed to a 20 kHz IF magnetic field for 8 h/day in a carousel irradiator at 30 µT which is the limit standard for occupational population in Korea. The animals were sacrificed on the 18th day of gestation and the fetuses were examined for mortality, growth retardation, changes in head size and other morphological abnormalities. We concluded that exposure to 30 µT with 20 kHz IF did not cause any observable adverse effects on mouse fetuses. Bioelectromagnetics 30:330–333. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Befestigungen über Eck unter Zug‐ und Querlast
Authors: Mallée Rainer 
Published: January 2009

AbstractWerden Dübel in zwei senkrecht zueinander stehenden Ebenen verankert (z. B. in Gebäude‐ oder Stützenecken) und gleichzeitig belastet, dann können sie sich bei kleinen Randabständen gegenseitig in ihrem Tragverhalten beeinflussen. Zur Klärung des Tragverhaltens wurden Versuche durchgeführt. Auf Basis der Versuchsergebnisse wird ein Bemessungsvorschlag abgeleitet.
Tragverhalten von Stahlbetonbalken bei geneigter Querkraft
Authors: Birtel Veit , Stangenberg Friedhelm , Mark Peter 
Published: January 2009

AbstractDas Querkrafttragverhalten schubbewehrter Stahlbetonbalken ist nach wie vor Gegenstand intensiver Diskussionen und aktueller Forschungen. Dabei konzentrieren sich die Untersuchungen stets auf einachsige Belastungen, die parallel zu den Querschnittshauptachsen verlaufen. Erst in den letzten Jahren wurde eine mögliche Querkraftneigung erstmals theoretisch berücksichtigt und in Tragmodelle integriert. Experimentelle Untersuchungen hierzu liegen nur sehr begrenzt vor. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird daher eine umfangreiche Versuchsreihe mit geneigten Querkraftwirkungen vorgestellt und analysiert. Der Vergleich experimenteller und rechnerischer Bruchlasten zeigt die Notwendigkeit einer mechanisch konsistenten Berücksichtigung der Querkraftneigung in allen Widerstandsanteilen von Zug‐ wie Druckstreben. Ein weiterentwickeltes Bemessungsmodell, das wirtschaftlichere Bemessungen ermöglicht, wird vorgestellt und zur praktischen Anwendung weiterentwickelt.
Zur Qualitätssicherung bei der Ausführung von Elementwänden für wasserundurchlässige Betonkonstruktionen
Authors: Mähner Dietmar , Weber Jochen 
Published: January 2009

AbstractDieser Beitrag befasst sich mit der Qualitätssicherung bei der Herstellung von Elementwänden als wasserundurchlässige Betonkonstruktionen nach der WU‐Richtlinie des DAfStb. Dazu wurde im Rahmen von diversen Untersuchungen an der FH Münster während der Bauausführung vor allem solchen Aspekten nachgegangen, die besonders häufig bei dieser Bauweise als Schadensursache identifiziert worden waren oder bei denen die WU‐Richtlinie ein vergleichsweise hohes Qualitätsniveau erwartet. Auf der Grundlage der Untersuchungsergebnisse werden abschließend Empfehlungen zum Umgang mit Elementwänden gegeben.
Optimierungen im Zuge der Ausführungsplanung – Hochhaus Süddeutscher Verlag München
Authors: Dietz Jörg , Roth Eckard , Meyer Julian 
Published: January 2009

AbstractIn der kurzen Zeitspanne zwischen Mai 2006 und April 2007 wurde der Rohbau des Neubaus Süddeutscher Verlag in München errichtet. Das Bauwerk besteht aus drei Untergeschossen, einem Hochhaus mit 28 Geschossen und einem fünfgeschossigen Flachbau mit überdachtem Atrium. Die technische Bearbeitung der Ausführungsplanung erfolgte auf Grundlage der vom Bauherrn beigestellten Genehmigungsstatik. Trotz des sehr kurzen zeitlichen Vorlaufs der Planung wurden diverse Optimierungen der Rohbauplanung durchgeführt, die im folgenden Beitrag näher erläutert werden.
Dauerhaftigkeit vom Spritzbeton mit erhöhtem Sulfatgehalt beim Einsatz alkalifreier Erstarrungsbeschleuniger
Authors: Brux Gunther 
Published: January 2009

AbstractMit dem Einsatz von alkalifreien Erstarrungsbeschleunigern für Spritzbeton im konstruktiven Ingenieurbau (Tunnelbau und Hangsicherungen) können mehrere bisher aufgetretene Probleme, wie Auslaugbarkeit und verringerte Festigkeiten, gelöst werden. Durch diese Betonzusatzmittel erhöht sich jedoch der Sulfatgehalt des Spritzbetons. Ob dadurch seine Dauerhaftigkeit beeinträchtigt wird, wurde vor kurzem in einem Forschungsvorhaben untersucht. Darauf wird näher eingegangen.
Betonbau hat Zukunft – Visionen werden Realität
Authors: Bergmeister Konrad 
Published: January 2009

AbstractAktives Erhaltungsmanagement von Infrastrukturbauwerken ist ein Problem des einundzwanzigsten Jahrhunderts, da sich der Erhaltungszustand und in Folge die Zuverlässigkeit bestehender Strukturen zunehmend verschlechtern. Diese Problematik fordert nach Fähigkeiten, Methoden und neuen Technologien, welche in bereits bestehende Ansätze und die Interaktion zwischen verschiedenen Interessenspartner, wie Wissenschaftler, Planer, öffentliche Einrichtungen und Benutzer einfließen sollten. Obwohl bereits großer Fortschritt im Bereich Strukturmanagement, Konstruktion und Lebenszyklus‐Betrachtungen erzielt wurde, ist für jedes dieser Teilgebiete nach wie vor ein enormer Forschungsbedarf gegeben.
Characterization of nucleic acid higher order structure by gas‐phase H/D exchange in a quadrupole‐FT‐ICR mass spectrometer
Authors: Mo Jingjie , Todd Gabrielle C. , Håkansson Kristina 
Published: January 2009

AbstractNucleic acid higher order structure is of intense interest in antisense and antigene strategies toward novel chemotherapeutic agents. Understanding how structural characteristics affect solution‐phase properties is essential for a rational approach to nucleic acid‐targeted drug design. The most dominant nucleic acid secondary structure is the hairpin, formed by intrastrand hydrogen bonding between complementary nucleobases. We have previously applied gas‐phase hydrogen/deuterium exchange (HDX) with mass spectrometry detection to show that anionic DNA duplexes have lower HDX rates than their constituent monomers, indicating that hydrogen bonding can shield hydrogens from exchanging with the bath gas D2S. The same HDX assay is applied here to investigate nucleic acid hairpin structure. Variations in hairpin solution‐phase stabilities are achieved by changing their loop size, stem length, and stem composition (ratio of G/C and A/T(U) base pairs in the stem). These differences can be carried into the gas phase because electrospray ionization is a gentle ionization method that is able to preserve noncovalent interactions. Observed gas‐phase HDX rates of these hairpins are consistent with their relative solution‐phase stabilities as predicted by MFold, i.e., less stable nucleic acid hairpins exchange faster than more stable hairpins. To our knowledge, the presented experiments demonstrate for the first time that gas‐phase HDX may be used to characterize nucleic acid higher order structure and the results suggest that the relative stabilities of nucleic acid hairpins in the gaseous phase are correlated with those in solution. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 91: 256–264, 2009.This article was originally published online as an accepted preprint. The “Published Online” date corresponds to the preprint version. You can request a copy of the preprint by emailing the Biopolymers editorial office at biopolymers@wiley.com
Synthesis and chemoselective intramolecular crosslinking of a HER2‐binding affibody
Authors: Ekblad Torun , Tolmachev Vladimir , Orlova Anna , Lendel Christofer , Abrahmsén Lars , Karlström Amelie Eriksson 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThe human epidermal growth factor receptor HER2 has emerged as an important target for molecular imaging of breast cancer. This article presents the design and synthesis of a HER2‐targeting affibody molecule with improved stability and tumor targeting capacity, and with potential use as an imaging agent. The 58 aa three‐helix bundle protein was assembled using solid‐phase peptide synthesis, and a chemoselective ligation strategy was used to establish an intramolecular thioether bond between the side chain thiol group of a cysteine residue, positioned in the loop between helices I and II, and a chloroacetyl group on the side chain amino group of the C‐terminal lysine residue. The tethered protein offered an increased thermal stability, with a melting temperature of 64°C, compared to 54°C for the linear control. The ligation did not have a major influence on the HER2 binding affinity, which was 320 and 380 pM for the crosslinked and linear molecules, respectively. Biodistribution studies were performed both in normal and tumor‐bearing mice to evaluate the impact of the crosslinking on the in vivo behavior and on the tumor targeting performance. The distribution pattern was characterized by a low uptake in all organs except kidney, and rapid clearance from blood and normal tissue. Crosslinking of the protein resulted in a significantly increased tumor accumulation, rendering the tethered HER2‐binding affibody molecule a valuable lead in the development of superior HER2 imaging agents. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers (Pept Sci) 92: 116–123, 2009.This article was originally published online as an accepted preprint. The “Published Online” date corresponds to the preprint version. You can request a copy of the preprint by emailing the Biopolymers editorial office at biopolymers@wiley.com
Hairpin ribozyme catalysis: A surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy study
Authors: Percot Aline , Lecomte Sophie , Vergne Jacques , Maurel Marie‐Christine 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThe existence of an “RNA world” as an early step in the history of life increases the interest for the characterization of these biomolecules. The hairpin ribozyme studied here is a self‐cleaving/ligating motif found in the minus strand of the satellite RNA associated with Tobacco ringspot virus. Surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a powerful tool to study trace amounts of RNA. In controlled conditions, a SERS signal is proportional to the amount of free residues adsorbed on the metal surface. On RNA cleavage, residues are unpaired and free to interact with metal. SERS procedures are used to monitor and quantify the catalysis of ribozyme cleavage at biological concentrations in real time; thus, they propose an interesting alternative to electrophoretic methods. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 91: 384–390, 2009.This article was originally published online as an accepted preprint. The “Published Online” date corresponds to the preprint version. You can request a copy of the preprint by emailing the Biopolymers editorial office at biopolymers@wiley.com
The Strengthening Families Programme (SFP) 10‐14 and substance misuse in Barnsley: the perspectives of facilitators and families
Authors: Coombes Lindsey , Allen Debby , Marsh Megan , Foxcroft David 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the Strengthening Families Programme for young people aged ten to 14 and their parents (SFP 10‐14) in Barnsley, a northern English city, based on the experience of facilitators and families who had participated in the programme. A mixed methods design blending both quantitative and qualitative data was used in the study carried out in two phases over a nine‐month period in 2005. Quantitative data were collected through: the SFP 10‐14 Parent/Caregiver Survey Questionnaire, the SFP 10‐14 Young Persons' Survey Questionnaire and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Questionnaire data were compared at the beginning of the SFP 10‐14 programmes (weeks 1–2) and at the end of the programmes (week 7). In addition, two focus group meetings were held with families who had undertaken the SFP 10‐14 programme; and three focus group meetings were conducted with facilitators of SFP 10‐14 programmes. Once quantitative and qualitative data had been analysed separately, a synthesis of the main findings from both approaches was then completed. Following the programmes, parents reported significant changes in communication limit setting, emotional management, prosocial behaviour and drugs/alcohol use. Total difficulties scores were also significantly different pre‐ and post SFP 10‐14 programmes. For the young people, communication, and emotional management were improved and their drugs/alcohol use was less. Their total difficulties scores were also significantly different. Qualitative evidence indicated that families who participated in the study found the SFP 10‐14 useful in preventing young people's alcohol and drug use in terms of: learning more about alcohol and drugs, using knowledge and skills to reduce behaviours that might lead to alcohol and drug use and, for young people, dealing with peer pressure that might lead to drug and alcohol use. Parents/caregivers and young people reported that the SFP 10‐14 had played a part in improving family functioning through strengthening the family unit. The findings from this exploratory study suggest that the SFP 10‐14 may be a useful primary prevention intervention in helping to prevent drug and alcohol misuse in young people. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis of a Potent G‐Quadruplex‐Binding Macrocyclic Heptaoxazole
Authors: Tera Masayuki , Iida Keisuke , Ishizuka Hiromichi , Takagi Motoki , Suganuma Masami , Doi Takayuki , Shin‐ya Kazuo , Nagasawa Kazuo 
Published: January 2009

AbstractA novel G‐quadruplex binder, L1H1‐7OTD (shown in color by atom type), was developed. This macrocyclic heptaoxazole potently and selectively stabilizes telomeric DNA in an intramolecular antiparallel G‐quadruplex conformation. L1H1‐7OTD shows selective cytotoxicity toward HeLa cells, a telomerase‐positive cell line.magnified image