bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An online color and shape integrated detection method for flexible packaging surface defects
Authors: Sun Yi , Wei Jiahong , Li Jinhua , Wei Qin , Ye Weiwei 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
It is difficult for the spectrophotometer to meet the requirement of real-time color defect detection for flexible packaging prints. The false of shape defect detection is caused by artifact interference and insufficient classification accuracy of defect classification network. A color defect detection method for flexible packaging is proposed, which realizes the adaptive adjustment of the correction parameters of the Commission Internationale de l´Eclairage Delta E 2000 (CIEDE2000) equations with the detection object. It improves the speed and accuracy of the color defect detection for flexible packaging. An quadratic difference strategy is designed for template matching subtraction method to remove artifact interference. A method for enhancing shape defect data set of flexible packaging is proposed. Using discrete images of defects as network input, self-attention mechanism and spectral normalization methods are added to the deep convolutional generative adversarial networks (DCGAN) to enhance the effective dataset for the training of defect classification network. The accuracy of color detection for flexible packaging prints is improved by 38.7% based on optimized CIEDE2000. The average structure similarity index measure (SSIM) value of the improved DCGAN for defect detection is 0.845, and the Fréchet inception distance (FID) is 121.463. It takes 83.63 ms for the color and shape integrated detection method to detect shape defects on flexible packaging surfaces with an accuracy of 98.3%. The online color and shape integrated detection method can be applied to automated flexible packaging workshops to achieve real-time defect detection.
Cathodoluminescence investigations of dark-line defects in platelet-based InGaN nano-LED structures
Authors: Gustafsson Anders , Persson Axel R , Persson Per O Å , Darakchieva Vanya , Bi Zhaoxia , Samuelson Lars 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We have investigated the optical properties of heterostructured InGaN platelets aiming at red emission, intended for use as nano-scaled light-emitting diodes. The focus is on the presence of non-radiative emission in the form of dark line defects. We have performed the study using hyperspectral cathodoluminescence imaging. The platelets were grown on a template consisting of InGaN pyramids, flattened by chemical mechanical polishing. These templates are defect free, whereas the dark line defects are introduced in the lower barrier and tend to propagate through all the subsequent layers, as revealed by the imaging of different layers in the structure. We conclude that the dark line defects are caused by stacking mismatch boundaries introduced by multiple seeding and step bunching at the edges of the as-polished, dome shaped templates. To avoid these defects, we suggest that the starting material must be flat rather than dome shaped.
Hard congestion limit of the dissipative Aw–Rascle system
Authors: Chaudhuri N , Navoret L , Perrin C , Zatorska E 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this study, we analyse the famous Aw–Rascle system in which the difference between the actual and the desired velocities (the offset function) is a gradient of a singular function of the density. This leads to a dissipation in the momentum equation which vanishes when the density is zero. The resulting system of PDEs can be used to model traffic or suspension flows in one dimension with the maximal packing constraint taken into account. After proving the global existence of smooth solutions, we study the so-called ‘hard congestion limit’, and show the convergence of a subsequence of solutions towards a weak solution of a hybrid free-congested system. This is also illustrated numerically using a numerical scheme proposed for the model studied. In the context of suspension flows, this limit can be seen as the transition from a suspension regime, driven by lubrication forces, towards a granular regime, driven by the contacts between the grains.
Critical transitions for scalar nonautonomous systems with concave nonlinearities: some rigorous estimates
Authors: Longo Iacopo P , Núñez Carmen , Obaya Rafael 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe global dynamics of a nonautonomous Carathéodory scalar ordinary differential equationx′=f(t,x), given by a functionfwhich is concave inx, is determined by the existence or absence of an attractor-repeller pair of hyperbolic solutions. This property, here extended to a very general setting, is the key point to classify the dynamics of an equation which is a transition between two nonautonomous asymptotic limiting equations, both with an attractor-repeller pair. The main focus of the paper is to get rigorous criteria guaranteeing tracking (i.e. connection between the attractors of the past and the future) or tipping (absence of connection) for the particular case of equationsx′=f(t,x−Γ(t)), where Γ is asymptotically constant. Some computer simulations show the accuracy of the obtained estimates, which provide a powerful way to determine the occurrence of critical transitions without relying on a numerical approximation of the (always existing) locally pullback attractor.
Evaluation of monolithic crystal detector with dual-ended readout utilizing multiplexing method
Authors: Zeng Xiangtao , Zhang Zhiming , Li Daowu , Huang Xianchao , Wang Zhuoran , Wang Yingjie , Zhou Wei , Wang Peilin , Zhu Meiling , Wei Qing , Gong Huixing , Wei Long 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objective. Monolithic crystal detectors are increasingly being applied in positron emission tomography (PET) devices owing to their excellent depth-of-interaction (DOI) resolution capabilities and high detection efficiency. In this study, we constructed and evaluated a dual-ended readout monolithic crystal detector based on a multiplexing method. Approach. We employed two 12 × 12 silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) arrays for readout, and the signals from the 12 × 12 array were merged into 12 X and 12 Y channels using channel multiplexing. In 2D reconstruction, three methods based on the centre of gravity (COG) were compared, and the concept of thresholds was introduced. Furthermore, a light convolutional neural network (CNN) was employed for testing. To enhance depth localization resolution, we proposed a method by utilizing the mutual information from both ends of the SiPMs. The source width and collimation effect were simulated using GEANT4, and the intrinsic spatial resolution was separated from the measured values. Main results. At an operational voltage of 29 V for the SiPM, an energy resolution of approximately 12.5 % was achieved. By subtracting a 0.8 % threshold from the total energy in every channel, a 2D spatial resolution of approximately 0.90 mm full width at half maximum (FWHM) can be obtained. Furthermore, a higher level of resolution, approximately 0.80 mm FWHM, was achieved using a CNN, with some alleviation of edge effects. With the proposed DOI method, a significant 1.36 mm FWHM average DOI resolution can be achieved. Additionally, it was found that polishing and black coating on the crystal surface yielded smaller edge effects compared to a rough surface with a black coating. Significance. The introduction of a threshold in COG method and a dual-ended readout scheme can lead to excellent spatial resolution for monolithic crystal detectors, which can help to develop PET systems with both high sensitivity and high spatial resolution.
Anomalies-Rich Floquet superconductivities induced by joint modulation of dynamic driving and static parameters
Authors: Wang Donghao , Cen Cong , Lu Liangliang , Li Mengyao , Ding Zixuan , Tao Yongchun , Hu Jingguo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Current theoretical and experimental endeavors to realize an anomalous Floquet chiral topological superconductor (TSC), which is characterized by chiral Majorana edge modes independent of the Chern number, remain insufficient. Herein, we propose a new scheme that involves jointly tuning dynamic driving and static parameters within a magnetic topological insulator-superconductor sandwich structure to achieve this goal. The Josephson phase modulation induced by an applied bias voltage across the structure is utilized as a Floquet periodic drive. It is found that the interplay between the two kinds of tunings can bring about a lot more exotic Floquet TSC phases than those caused by only tuning the dynamic driving parameter (frequency ω or period τ). More importantly, just tuning static parameters (the chemical potential µ, Zeeman field gz
, and proximity-induced superconducting energy gap

Δ
b

) also can induce a series of novel topological phase transitions. Particularly, the features in the context of the three tunings are different from each other, originating from the combination of intrinsic and different extrinsic mechanisms. In addition, jointly tuning τ and µ (gz
) can have its own unique TSC phases. The proposed scheme should be readily accessible in experiments, and thus the family of anomalous Floquet TSC phases may be considerably enriched.
Mass spectrum of hexaquarks in the Gürsey-Radicati mass formula
Authors: Shiri N , Tazimi N 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
It is conventionally claimed that hexaquarks are exotic particles, most of which we know have not yet been experimentally detected. In this work, we attempt to extend a simple phenomenological model based on the Gürsey-Radicati mass model for hadrons, including charm and bottom baryons, and predict the mass of dibaryon states. To illustrate our goal, we perform a numerical tuning of this model, which consists of five sets, each containing six or seven free parameters for baryons and dibaryons. In the long run, other predicted values for the mass of the extra hexaquarks may turn out to be consistent with the forthcoming experimental results. As we have claimed, the results of this work give us a deeper insight into the structural properties of six-quark particles. Finally, we have also included other available data from other works and compared them with ours.
An algorithm based on 6D fractional order hyperchaotic system and knight tour algorithm to encrypt image
Authors: He Chenchen , Chen Zhong , Wang Lujie , Wu Ximei , Liu Tongzhe , Long Bofeng 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The security guarantee of data transmission is becoming more crucial as the frequency of information interchange rises. Ensuring the security of images is essential since they serve as a vital transmission medium. This research suggests an image encryption method that combines the knight tour algorithm with a 6D fractional order hyperchaotic system. First, chaotic sequences are produced using a fractional order hyperchaotic system, which is then utilized to index order and jumble the entire image. To retrieve the image after the second scrambling, choose the knight tour beginning point and run ten rounds of knight tour algorithms on the scrambled image. Thirdly, to maximize the efficiency of picture encryption, employ diffusion methods. The outcomes of the imaging experiment were lastly tested and assessed. The security of the image can be successfully guaranteed by a high-dimensional fractional order hyperchaotic system. This is because its high dimensionality gives it a larger key space than the low dimensional system. This is why it can resist attacks more effectively. After a series of evaluation experiments, it is obvious that this encryption scheme has good encryption performance.
Thermodynamical analysis with extended phase transition of AdS hairy black hole in gravitational decoupling theory
Authors: Abbas G , Ali R H , Mustafa G 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This article explores various thermodynamical aspects and the extended phase space of the AdS hairy black hole within the context of gravitational decoupling. This study focused on thermodynamic properties such as geometrical mass, Hawking temperature, entropy, specific heat, Gibbs free energy (both locally and globally) and P-V criticality at the horizon radius. The thermodynamic stability of the AdS hairy black hole has been established based on its positive heat capacity. The analysis of Gibbs free energy is utilized to investigate the behavior of the first-order phase transition. Thermodynamic pressure, denoted by P, is related to the cosmological constant by the formula

P
=
−

Λ

8
π

. In addition, a numerical investigation has been carried out to examine the equation of the state parameter and its critical values.
A δ-free approach to quantization of transmission lines connected to lumped circuits
Authors: Forestiere Carlo , Miano Giovanni 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The quantization of systems composed of transmission lines connected to lumped circuits poses significant challenges, arising from the interaction between continuous and discrete degrees of freedom. A widely adopted strategy, based on the pioneering work of Yurke and Denker, entails representing the lumped circuit contributions using Lagrangian densities that incorporate Dirac δ-functions. However, this approach introduces complications, as highlighted in the recent literature, including divergent momentum densities, necessitating the use of regularization techniques. In this work, we introduce a δ-free Lagrangian formulation for a transmission line capacitively coupled to a lumped circuit without the need for a discretization of the transmission line or mode expansions. This is achieved by explicitly enforcing boundary conditions at the line ends in the principle of least action. In this framework, the quantization and the derivation of the Heisenberg equations of the network are straightforward. We obtain a reduced model for the lumped circuit in the quantum Langevin form, which is valid for any coupling strength between the line and the lumped circuit. We apply our approach to an analytically solvable network consisting of a semi-infinite transmission line capacitively coupled to an LC circuit and study the behavior of the network as the coupling strength varies.
The essentials of the finite element method to solve differential equations: an illustrative case in physics
Authors: Chávez-Páez Martín , González-Tovar Enrique , Guerrero-García Guillermo Iván , Guevara-Zapata Guillermo , Padrón-Zamora José Marcelo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Here we review the basic steps of the modern and accurate finite element method in its application to solve ordinary differential equations in physics. To exemplify this well-in-vogue numerical technique, we have chosen the second order Poisson-Boltzmann equation, which is a classic equation of colloid science. Aiming to formulate a viable, but didactic, implementation of the finite element technique, we have combined a linear basis of functions, the Galerkin weighted residuals method, the Swartz-Wendroff approximation and the Picard iteration algorithm. In summary, the finite element method transforms a differential equation into a simpler system of algebraic equations for the coefficients of the approximate solution in terms of a set of basis functions. We describe the full computational realisation of the finite element procedure and, also, we examine the corresponding Poisson-Boltzmann numerical predictions for various representative conditions.
Imprint of inflationary gravitational waves and WIMP dark matter in pulsar timing array data
Authors: Borah Debasish , Das Suruj Jyoti , Samanta Rome 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Motivated by the recent release of new results from five different pulsar timing array (PTA) experiments claiming to have found compelling evidence for primordial gravitational waves (GW) at nano-Hz frequencies, we consider the prospects of generating such a signal from inflationary blue-tilted tensor power spectrum in a specific dark matter (DM) scenario dubbed as Miracle-less WIMP. While Miracle-less WIMP, due to insufficient interaction rate with the Standard Model (SM) bath gets thermally overproduced, inflationary blue-tilted gravitational waves (BGW) in compliance with PTA data, conflict cosmological observations if reheat temperature after inflation is sufficiently high. Both these issues are circumvented with late entropy dilution, bringing DM abundance within observational limits and creating a doubly-peaked feature in the BGW spectrum consistent with cosmological observations. The blue-tilted tail of the low-frequency peak can fit NANOGrav 15 yr data, while other parts of the spectrum are within reach of present and future GW experiments.
Multi-tracer power spectra and bispectra: formalism
Authors: Karagiannis Dionysios , Maartens Roy , Fonseca José , Camera Stefano , Clarkson Chris 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The power spectrum and bispectrum of dark matter tracers are key and complementary probes of the Universe. Next-generation surveys will deliver good measurements of the bispectrum, opening the door to improved cosmological constraints and the breaking of parameter degeneracies, from the combination of the power spectrum and bispectrum. Multi-tracer power spectra have been used to suppress cosmic variance and mitigate the effects of nuisance parameters and systematics. We present a bispectrum multi-tracer formalism that can be applied to next-generation survey data. Then we perform a simple Fisher analysis to illustrate qualitatively the improved precision on primordial non-Gaussianity that is expected to come from the bispectrum multi-tracer. In addition, we investigate the parametric dependence of conditional errors from multi-tracer power spectra and multi-tracer bispectra, on the differences between the biases and the number densities of two tracers. Our results suggest that optimal constraints arise from maximising the ratio of number densities, the difference between the linear biases, the difference between the quadratic biases, and the difference between the products b
1
b
Φ for each tracer, where b
Φ is the bias for the primordial potential.
The phytochemical constituent and antioxidant activity of Sea Weed Euchaema Cottonii
Authors: Widiawati Y , Widodo S , Herliatika A , Shiddieqy M I , Rohaeni E S , Rakhmani S I W , Rofiq M N , Asmairicen S , Bansi H , Widaringsih W , Andreas E M W 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This study aimed to determine the phytochemical content and antioxidant activity of the red sea weed Euchaema cottonii. The phytochemical component of this seaweed can be used as an agent for enteric methane mitigation. The antioxidant can be used to reduce the reaction of free radicals when the animals are in heat stress conditions. The study presented used fresh and oven-dried E. cottonii. The methods of study started with the extracting process of two seaweed samples (fresh and sundried) using 3 types of solutions, namely water, hexane, and dichloromethane (DCM). The phytochemical content was analyzed using spektro-tanat, while antioxidant activity was determined using the DPPH test (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrilhidrazil). The result showed that the extract seaweed E. cottonii contained alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, and steroid/triterpenoid. The seaweed did not contain tannin. The seaweed contains 0.249 to 2.430 mg TAE/gram of total phenolic. Based on the results of the antioxidant activity test using DPPH obtained extract seaweed E. cottonii is active as an antioxidant. The highest phytochemical and phenolic content resulted when the dried seaweed was extracted using the DCM. It is concluded that sea weed E. cottonii contains some phytochemicals and has an antioxidant activity.
Study of interception, throughfall, and stemflow on seven types of Syzygium sp. tree collected by Purwodadi Botanical Garden
Authors: Rahmania F N , Prahardika B A , Irawanto R 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Syzygium genus is one of the abundant and naturally growing collections of Purwodadi Botanical Garden (KRP) with characteristics of strong and deep rooting with branching and complex crowns. So it has the potential to support water and soil conservation by reducing erosion and kinetic energy of rainwater to the ground. This study aims to determine the value of interception, throughfall, and stemflow in seven types of Syzygium sp. trees in the KRP collection. The research was conducted from January to February 2023 with the method of measuring tree physical factors, collecting, and calculating rainfall data, throughfall, stemflow, and interception values. The results of the study during 25 rainy days on seven types of Syzygium sp. trees showed that the value of throughfall ranged from 10.86 - 15.30 mm with the highest on Syzygium malaccense trees with dangling branching. The stemflow value ranges from 0.04 - 0.91 mm with the highest in Syzygium acuminatisimum trees whose stems grow upright. The interception value ranged from 2.3 - 5.8 mm with the highest in Syzygium polycephalum trees whose branching away from the ground surface. The variation values obtained are influenced by the characteristics of the branching crown of each tree.
Effect of pH variation on chemical components and antifungal activity of ketepeng cina (Cassia alata L.) leaves extract
Authors: Masyita R N , Barokah Z A , Anggraeni Y , Soleha M , Angelina M 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Ketepeng cina (Cassia alata, L.) has been widely used as a traditional medicine, one of which is as an antifungal. Previous research showed problems with the storage of ketepeng cina leaves extract, which reported changes in pH and color over time. This study explored the effect on concentration of chemical components and antifungal activity under varying pH. Antifungal activity against Candida albicans was tested using microdilution and well diffusion methods. HPTLC technique was measured the chemical components of the extract represented by aloe-emodin and kaempferol concentration. The extract with pH 4.5 had the highest aloeemodin content and antifungal activity. The result of our research were the pH variation significant influence on anti fungal activity against C.albicans, where the best results are at pH 5.5 (p<0.05). The level of active components in the extract is influenced by the pH conditions (p<0.05). Specifically, the levels of kaempferol and aloe-emodin are maximum at a pH of 5.5. It can be concluded that pH can affect the levels of chemical components and antifungal activity in ethanol extracts of ketepeng cina (Cassia alata, L.) leaves.
Biopriming of cayenne seed (Capsicum frutescens L.) using Indole Acetic Acid (IAA) - producing fluorescent pseudomonads to increase germination and growth of seeds
Authors: Advinda L , Chatri M , Handayani D , Suwarni L 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Capsicum frutescens L. is one of the horticultural commodities that plays an important role as food and industrial raw materials. The amount of chili consumption continues to increase, so its production requires quality seeds. The physiological quality of seeds can be improved, one of which is by using fluorescent pseudomonads as biopriming. The fluorescent pseudomonads LAHLS1, LAHT1, LAHCS2, and PfPb3 produced Indole Acetic Acid (IAA) with concentrations between 5.37 to 20.31 ppm, and were significantly different. Biopriming of C. frutescens L. seeds using different fluorescent pseudomonad isolates affected the percentage of germination, wet weight and dry weight of C. frutescens L. seedlings. Fluorescent pseudomonads LAHLS1, LAHT1, LAHCS2, and PfPb3 can increase the percentage of C. frutescens L. seed germination up to 100%. The highest seedling wet weight (43.52 mg) was found in seed biopriming using fluorescent pseudomonad LAHLS1 and the lowest was control (12.33 mg). The highest seedling dry weight (4.40 mg) was found in seed biopriming using fluorescent pseudomonad LAHLS1, and the lowest was control (0.93 mg). The results showed the potential use of IAA-producing fluorescent pseudomonads in increasing the percentage of seed germination and influencing the growth of C. frutescens L. seedlings based on observations of wet weight and dry weight of seeds.