bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Examining the detectability of ringing on highly eccentric exoplanets
Authors: Vanrespaille M. , Baeyens R. , Schneider A. , Carone L. , Decin L. 
Published: March 2024

Context. Eccentric exoplanets offer an opportunity to study the response of an atmosphere to changing thermal forcing and the robustness of the super-rotating equatorial jet seen on tidally locked hot Jupiters. However, the atmospheric dynamics on eccentric planets strongly depend on the planetary rotation period, which is difficult to constrain observationally. The ringing phenomenon, whereby the observed emission increases and decreases after the periastron passage as the flash-heated hemisphere rotates into and out of view, can provide a tight constraint on rotation.
Aims. We studied five highly eccentric transiting exoplanets HAT-P-2 b, HD 80606 b, TOI-3362 b, TOI-4127 b and HD 17156 b to find which displays strong ringing signals that are sufficiently strong for the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) to detect.
Methods. We implemented the treatment of eccentricity and non-synchronous rotation in the non-grey climate model expeRT/MITgcm and generated synthetic light curves.
Results. We find four detectable ringing peaks on HD 80606 b and some undetectable ringing on TOI-4127 b and HD 17156 b. The lack of clouds, photo-chemistry and obliquity in our models may have led us to overestimate the amplitude of the ringing however. The strength of the ringing signal is mostly determined by the eccentricity, planetary rotation period, planet-to-star radius ratio and apparent magnitude of the system. We searched for more exoplanets that could show ringing but found no candidates as promising as HD 80606 b.
Conclusions. We recommend prioritising HD 80606 b as a target for ringing with JWST. A baseline of five days after the periastron passage would capture three ringing peaks, which is sufficient to tightly constrain the planetary rotation period. An extension to seven days would add a fourth peak, which would allow us to verify the rotation period.
Is GN-z11 powered by a super-Eddington massive black hole?
Authors: Bhatt Maulik , Gallerani Simona , Ferrara Andrea , Mazzucchelli Chiara , D’Odorico Valentina , Valentini Milena , Zana Tommaso , Farina Emanuele Paolo , Chakraborty Srija 
Published: March 2024

Context. Observations of z ∼ 6 quasars powered by supermassive black holes (SMBHs; MBH ∼ 108 − 10 M⊙) challenge our current understanding of early black hole (BH) formation and evolution. The advent of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has enabled the study of massive BHs (MBHs; MBH ∼ 106 − 7 M⊙) up to z ∼ 11, thus bridging the properties of z ∼ 6 quasars to their ancestors.
Aims. The JWST spectroscopic observations of GN-z11, a well-known z = 10.6 star-forming galaxy, have been interpreted with the presence of a super-Eddington (Eddington ratio ≡ λEdd ∼ 5.5) accreting MBH. To test this hypothesis, we used a zoom-in cosmological simulation of galaxy formation and BH co-evolution.
Methods. We first tested the simulation results against the observed probability distribution function (PDF) of λEdd found in z ∼ 6 quasars. Then, in the simulation we selected the BHs that satisfy the following criteria: (a) 10 < z < 11, (b) MBH > 106 M⊙. Next, we applied the extreme value statistics to the PDF of λEdd resulting from the simulation.
Results. We find that the probability of observing a z ∼ 10 − 11 MBH accreting with λEdd ∼ 5.5 in the volume surveyed by JWST is very low (< 0.2%). We compared our predictions with those in the literature, and discussed the main limitations of our work.
Conclusions. Our simulation cannot explain the JWST observations of GN-z11. This might be due to: (i) poor resolution and statistics in simulations, (ii) simplistic sub-grid models (e.g. BH accretion and seeding), (iii) uncertainties in the data analysis and interpretation.
Differential optical transfer function (dOTF) broad-spectrum wavefront sensing using integral field unit spectroscopy
Authors: Martinez P. 
Published: March 2024

Context.Detecting and characterizing Earth-like exoplanets is a critical scientific goal for the next generation of telescopes. However, current direct imaging instruments are hindered by evolving noncommon path aberrations (NCPAs), which lead to persistent speckles in the images. The differential optical transfer function (dOTF) is an image-based, noniterative, and model-independent wavefront sensor that combines differential images to estimate the complex field of the pupil.Aims.Given the objective of spectrally characterizing exoplanets to discern their composition and potentially detect biosignatures, we aim to explore the integration of the dOTF sensing method with an integral field unit (IFU) spectrograph. An IFU spectrograph generates a spectral data cube that contains diverse spectral information within a single dataset. Combining these two concepts is expected to improve the efficiency with which NCPAs can be spectrally measured and characterized.Methods.This Letter presents an implementation strategy for integrating dOTF and IFU spectroscopy data, enabling estimations of the electric field at various wavelengths simultaneously.Results.This method is specifically optimized to provide the most effective combination with minimal hardware requirements. It involves the use of multiple simultaneous deformable mirror actuator displacements in conjunction with an adapted Lyot stop employing a circular variable filter.Conclusions.The dOTF wavefront sensor coupled with an IFU spectrograph promises to be rapid and efficient, capable of measuring NCPAs across the entire spectrum provided by the spectrograph. Because the combination of dOTF and IFU spectroscopy is immediately applicable, it is of potential interest for various present-day on-sky instruments, as well as future IFU-based instruments coupled to the next generation of extremely large telescopes (ELTs).
Endokrine Therapielandschaft bei Patient*innen mit HR+ HER2− frühem Mammakarzinom in Deutschland vor Einführung der CDK4/6-Inhibitor-Behandlung – eine Real-World-Analyse
Authors: Nabieva Naiba , Altmann Falk , Apel Klaus , Baerens Dirk-Toralf , Beha Michaela , Belau Antje , Busch Steffi , Guth Dagmar , Heinrich Georg , Kreiss-Sender Janine , Markmann Susanne , Olbermann Andreas , Oskay-Özcelik Gülten , Schuback Beatrix , Steinfeld-Birg Dieter , Quiering Claudia , Kiss Ferenc , Kreuzeder Julia , Nuti Paolo , Schilling Jörg 
Published: March 2024

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Während prämenopausale Patientinnen mit einem HR+ HER2− frühen Mammakarzinom mit Tamoxifen +/− ovarielle Suppression mit einem GnRH-Analogon oder einem Aromataseinhibitor (AI) + GnRH behandelt werden, erhalten postmenopausale Frauen vorwiegend einen AI aufgrund der besseren Wirksamkeit verglichen mit Tamoxifen. Da es durch den Einzug der CDK4/6-Inhibitoren in die Behandlung des frühen Mammakarzinoms mit höherem Rückfallrisiko vermutlich zu einer Verschiebung der endokrinen Therapielandschaft kommt, ist von Interesse, wie in Deutschland potenzielle CDK4/6-Inhibitor-Kandidat*innen vor deren Markteinführung behandelt wurden.
Patienten und Methoden Im Rahmen einer retrospektiven, multizentrischen Analyse wurden anonymisierte Daten von Patient*innen mit einem HR+ HER2− frühen Mammakarzinom und einer im Zeitraum zwischen 10/2021–03/2022 begonnenen Antihormontherapie erhoben. Potenzielle CDK4/6-Inhibitor-Kandidat*innen wurden anhand der Einschlusskriterien der NATALEE- und monarchE-Studien in entsprechende Risikokollektive unterteilt.
Ergebnisse Insgesamt wurden Daten von 238 Patient*innen aus 29 Zentren analysiert. Während den monarchE-Kriterien 20,6 % der Patient*innen zugeordnet werden konnten, enthielt das NATALEE-ähnliche Kollektiv 46,2 % der Patient*innen. 53,8 % der Patient*innen erfüllten weder die Einschlusskriterien der NATALEE- noch die der monarchE-Studie. Über die Hälfte der Patient*innen erhielt keine Chemotherapie. Im Gesamtkollektiv waren 28,6 % der Patientinnen prämenopausal. 67,6 % der prämenopausalen Frauen wurden mit einer neo-/adjuvanten Chemotherapie behandelt. 61,8 % der prämenopausalen Patientinnen erhielten als adjuvante Antihormontherapie Tamoxifen, 19,1 % AI + GnRH und 10,3 % Tamoxifen + GnRH.
Schlussfolgerung Trotz des hohen Anteils prämenopausaler Patientinnen, die mit einer aggressiven Therapie im Sinne einer Chemotherapie behandelt wurden, wurde bei nur einem Drittel der prämenopausalen Patientinnen GnRH zur Antihormontherapie hinzugenommen. Untersuchungen zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt sowie Registerstudien sind nötig, um zu sehen, wie sich durch den Einzug der CDK4/6-Inhibitoren die endokrine Therapielandschaft in Deutschland verändert.
Developing Systems of Care for Stroke in Resource-limited Settings
Authors: Silva Gisele Sampaio , Rocha Eva 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAlthough stroke prevention and treatment strategies have significantly advanced in recent years, implementation of these care elements in resource-limited settings can be challenging, since the burden of stroke is higher and access to stroke care is lower. Barriers to stroke care in resource-limited settings include insufficient prevention, reduced awareness of stroke symptoms, limited prehospital care and lack of triage systems, limited access to comprehensive stroke centers, inadequate personnel education, lack of staff and resources, as well as limited access to neuroimaging, thrombolytics, mechanical thrombectomy, neurosurgical care, and rehabilitation. Here, we suggest strategies to improve stroke care in these settings, including public health campaigns, protocols for prehospital notification, organized flow to specialized stroke centers, development of dedicated stroke units, and utilization of telemedicine and telerehabilitation. We also highlight the role of international organizations and governments in reducing the global burden of stroke.
Profiling English sentences based on CEFR levels
Authors: Uchida Satoru , Arase Yuki , Kajiwara Tomoyuki 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The study aims to demonstrate the procedure for constructing the CEFR-based Sentence Profile (CEFR-SP), a dataset
with the CEFR levels assigned for sentences, and to identify the characteristics at each level. Basic statistics such as word
length and sentence length are presented for each CEFR level for 7,511 carefully selected sentences, and statistical tests are
conducted between adjacent levels to identify criterial features. The findings reveal significant differences in word length
between adjacent levels, while word difficulty is not significant in discriminating levels at either end (A1–A2, C1–C2). Sentence
length and depth are also not significant discriminators for higher levels (B2–C1, C1–C2). Notably, sentence-level data generally
exhibit discriminative values compared to text-level statistics, indicating their direct capture of characteristics at each CEFR
level.
Grim humor in the tale of the wolf’s death
Authors: Nieuwenhuis Mark 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Contrary to other episodes of the Ysengrimus, the final episode in the seventh book of the
Flemish animal epic is not based upon a known animal fable. The narrative core seems to be the story of the death of the prophet
Muhammad as told by Embrico of Mainz. In this article I argue that the poet of the Ysengrimus may also have used
elements from Ovid’s tale of Pentheus and the maenads in the third book of the Metamorphoses, just as the wolf’s
eschatological prophesy might be an intertextual play on the storm scene in the first book of the Aeneid.
Following this, I elaborate some clues that lend support to the idea, previously presented in the literature, that the portrayal
of the sow Salaura refers to Hildegard of Bingen and her visions, publicly acknowledged by Pope Eugenius III during the Synod in
Trier in 1147–1148, just before the completion of Ysengrimus.
De canicula lacrimante
Authors: Perrier-Gros-Claude Alexia 
Published: March 2024

Abstraite
La Disciplina Clericalis de Pierre Alphonse est une œuvre du xii
e siècle dont
le contenu s’articule autour de trois axes thématiques principaux qui sont, successivement, les vices et les vertus, les
relations de l’homme avec ses semblables, et avec Dieu. Elle a connu un grand succès en Europe, comme le montre
l’existence de soixante manuscrits conservés et la présence de plusieurs récits dans de célèbres recueils
d’exempla. Tel est le cas de la narration “De canicula lacrimante” (“La petite
chienne qui pleure”) que nous retrouvons, par exemple, en Espagne, dans le Libro de los exemplos por A. B. C. de
Clemente Sánchez de Vercial, datant du xv
e siècle. Cet exemplum, le treizième de la
collection, fait partie d’une série de récits dont le thème est la ruse féminine, et s’avère particulièrement
intéressant à étudier car il raconte comment une vieille entremetteuse se sert d’une chienne pour élaborer un stratagème
afin de convaincre une femme chaste de tromper son mari: elle lui fait croire que sa propre fille s’est transformée en
animal après avoir rejeté les avances d’un prétendant. Cette donnée place la narration dans la tradition littéraire des
récits de métamorphoses; ainsi, nous nous intéresserons d’abord à la métamorphose canine et son symbolisme, avant de
montrer que la petite chienne est au centre de la création d’une fausse merveille originale, basée sur une ‘diabolique’
instrumentalisation des larmes.1
MT error detection and correction by Chinese language learners
Authors: Zhang Qi , Osborne Caitríona , Moorkens Joss 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This article analyzes texts that have been generated by machine translation (MT) and post-edited by native
English-speaking trainee translators (English>Chinese) who are also Chinese language learners enrolled in a four-year
undergraduate translation program. The project examines the work product of trainee translators to categorize 122 errors that are
(un)noticed and (un)corrected by them. MT errors in the Accuracy category were best identified and corrected, followed by those in
the Lexicon and Fluency categories. Trainee translators who were advanced language learners outperformed the intermediate group in
MT error detection and correction, especially in the Lexicon category. This study sheds light upon the use of raw MT output as
meaningful input for trainee translators who are in the process of learning Chinese. Its findings provide information regarding
the type of exercises needed in language learning and translation training for students with different levels of language
proficiency.
Dynamics of chaotic and hyperchaotic modified nonlinear Schrödinger equations and their compound synchronization
Authors: Abed-Elhameed Tarek M , Otefy Mohamed , Mahmoud Gamal M 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We present in this paper four versions of chaotic and hyperchaotic modified nonlinear Schrödinger equations (MNSEs). These versions are hyperchaotic integer order, hyperchaotic commensurate fractional order, chaotic non-commensurate fractional order, and chaotic distributed order MNSEs. These models are regarded as extensions of previous models found in literature. We also studied their dynamics which include symmetry, stability, chaotic and hyperchaotic solutions. The sufficient condition is stated as a theorem to study the existence and uniqueness of the solutions of hyperchaotic integer order MNSE. We state and prove another theorem to test the dependence of the solution of hyperchaotic integer order MNSE on initial conditions. By similar way, we can introduce the previous two theorems for the other versions of MNSEs. The Runge-Kutta of the order 4, the Predictor-Corrector and the modified spectral numerical methods are used to evaluate the numerical solutions for integer, fractional and distributed orders MNSEs, respectively. We calculate numerically using the Lyapunov exponents the intervals of parameters of the purposed models at which hyperchaotic, chaotic and stable solutions are exist. The MNSEs have an important role in many fields of science and technology, such as nonlinear optics, electromagnetic theory, superconductivity, chemical and biological dynamics, lasers and plasmas. The compound synchronization for these chaotic and hyperchaotic models is investigated. We state its scheme using the tracking control technique among three integer commensurate and non-commensurate orders as the derive models and one distributed order as a slave model. We presented and proved a theorem that provides us with the analytical formula for the control functions which are required to achieve compound synchronization. The analytical results are supported by numerical calculations and agreement is found.
Four-channel holographic metasurface based on frequency-angle multiplexing
Authors: Dong Liang , Li Yang , Wei Jinxu , Zhu Lei 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Due to the powerful ability of metasurfaces to manipulate light fields, various optical parameters have been widely explored and studied through precise design of metasurface units. However, the angle of incidence, which is one of the important optical parameters, has not been fully investigated for multiplexing due to the lack of coding degrees of freedom. Here, the scheme of four-channel holographic metasurface based on frequency-angle multiplexing is proposed to achieve independent display of multiple images at different frequencies and angles. The metasurface units used are Metal-Insulator-Metal structures that can effectively manipulate the electromagnetic wave’s amplitude in the reflection space to accommodate various operating frequencies and angles of incidence. The effectiveness of the proposed four-channel holographic scheme is verified by encoding four independent amplitude image information into a metasurface array. The four-channel scheme proposed in this paper successfully breaks the limitation of angular correlation and improves the density and capacity of information storage. This not only provides a higher degree of freedom and flexibility for multi-channel metasurface holographic imaging, but also holds significant importance for advancing optical information processing and display technologies. It is believed that the metasurface based on frequency-angle multiplexing can easily find more promising applications, including electromagnetic wavefront control, encryption/ concealment of optical information, and multifunctional switchable devices.
A novel analytical approach to the Benjamin–Ono equation
Authors: Yel Gülnur , Bulut Hasan , Kemaloglu Beyhan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This article examines some travelling wave solutions to the second-order Benjamin-Ono equation by using an analytical scheme via the sine-Gordon expansion technique. The Benjamin-Ono equation is similar to the KdV equation and it describes internal waves in fluids in a deep layer. We achieved some travelling wave solutions, including hyperbolic functions. All the obtained solutions were graphically analyzed based on their physical properties. As a result, the mentioned method is an effective one that provides analytical solutions for strongly non-linear partial differential models.
Pair induced quenching in high concentration Holmium-doped fiber amplifiers
Authors: Mirza Jawad , Ghafoor Salman , Almogren Ahmad , Ahmad Salaria Umair , Kanwal Benish , Aziz Imran , Atieh Ahmad 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The spectrum required for future optical communication systems is being extended towards the C-, L- and U-bands, resulting in a significant interest in the spectral region around 2 μm wavelength. Since Holmium doped fiber amplifiers (HDFAs) provide amplification in this spectral region, they have become a focus of researchers working on doped fiber amplifiers. A major factor resulting in the performance degradation of HDFAs is the inhomogeneous energy transfer within Ho3+ ion-pairs in high-concentration Holmium-doped fibers (HDFs), an effect generally known as pair-induced quenching (PIQ). In this paper, we study the luminal and temporal dynamics of pulses of different repetition rates at 2.05 μm in high-concentration HDFs considering the effects of ion-pairs. Input pulses having repetition rates of 25 GHz and 500 kHz are generated using wavelength tunable actively mode-locked Holmium-doped fiber laser (AML-HDFL) based on a single ring cavity and bidirectional pumping. The characteristics of the pulses propagating through high-concentration HDF are analyzed based on different metrics such as average power, peak power, pulse energy, full-width at half maximum (FWHM), and time delay without and with ion-pairs for values of fraction of ion-pairs k = 0 and k = 10%, respectively. The results obtained at optimized length of HDF show that ion-pairs significantly degrade the average power, peak power, and energy of the output pulses for both of the repetition rates. For both k = 0 and k = 10%, the FWHM and shape of the output pulses remain same in the presence of the ion-pairs while, time delay of 4 ps and 19 ns is observed in the output pulses at repetition rates of 25 GHz and 500 kHz, respectively. The effects of increasing the pump and signal power on the average power and energy of the output pulses for k = 0 and k = 10% are also discussed for both repetition rates. This analysis provides important guidelines for designers of 2 μm fiber lasers and amplifiers based on high-concentration HDFs.
Reliable formulas for accurately determining the resonance and antiresonance frequencies of thin film bulk acoustic resonators
Authors: Zhang Dapeng , Chen Zheng-You , Re-Ching Lin , Sun Shih-Jye 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Expanding upon Lakin’s theory by considering the phase shift of the acoustic waves in the metallic layers, we have developed an impedance formula for a piezoelectric layer covered by a finite thickness of metal layers, enabling the precise determination of its resonant and anti-resonant frequencies. Compared to experimental data and 3D finite element simulations, our formula can accurately and quickly predict resonant, anti-resonant frequencies, and bandwidth across a wide range of piezoelectric and metallic layer thickness combinations.
Bone morphogenetic protein-2 loaded triple helix recombinant collagen-based hydrogels for enhancing bone defect healing
Authors: He Huixia , Yang Fan , Zhang Shanshan , Liu Zhao , Liu Zaiman , Yu Linghui , Xiao Jianxi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The development of efficacious bone substitute biomaterials remains a major challenge for research and clinical surgical. Herein, we constructed triple helix recombinant collagen (THRC) -based hydrogels loading bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) to stimulate bone regeneration in cranial defects. A series of in situ forming hydrogels, denoted as THRC-oxidized carboxymethylcellulose (OCMC)-N-succinyl-chitosan (NSC) hydrogels, was synthesized via a Schiff base reaction involving OCMC, THRC and NSC. The hydrogels underwent rapid formation under physiological pH and temperature conditions. The composite hydrogel exhibits a network structure characterized by uniform pores, the dimensions of which can be tuned by varying THRC concentrations. The THRC-OCMC-NSC and THRC-OCMC-NSC-BMP2 hydrogels display heightened mechanical strength, substantial biodegradability, and lower swelling properties. The THRC-OCMC-NSC hydrogels show exceptional biocompatibility and bioactivity, accelerating cell proliferation, adhesion, and differentiation. Magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography and histological analysis of rat cranial defects models revealed that the THRC-OCMC-NSC-BMP2 hydrogels substantially promote new bone formation and expedite bone regeneration. The novel THRC-OCMC-NSC-BMP2 hydrogels emerge as promising candidates for bone substitutes, demonstrating substantial potential in bone repair and regeneration applications.