bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemical and physical characteristics of five Nigerian varieties of fresh green immature soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill)
Authors: Obatolu Veronica , Osho Sidi M. 
Published: July 2006

PurposeThe study aims to investigate the potential of green immature soybean among Nigeria soybean varieties as human food.Design/methodology/approachFive Nigeria soybean varieties were harvested at 90 days old. The fresh green immature soybean seed were evaluated for chemical composition, physical and sensory characteristics. The physical characteristics looked into seed size (breadth and length), weight, seed colour, hull thickness and percentage of hydration. The chemical composition was compared to mature soybean seeds while the sensory attributes were compared to fresh green peas.FindingsThe raw mature soybean (RMS) was significantly higher and lower in chemical composition and anti‐nutritional factors respectively. The highest moisture content ranges from 62.8 per cent in TGX 1019‐2EB to 65.4 per cent in TGX 1485‐1D. The protein content (15.3 per cent) was highest in TGX1485‐1D and lowest value in TGX1448‐2E. The level of tannin was significantly higher in TGX1448‐2E and 923‐2E while trypsin inhibitor was significantly (p<0.05) higher in TGX1440‐1E and TGX1485‐1D. TGX1485‐1D had superior physical characteristics to other immature varieties with significant (p<0.05) higher value for breadth, length and height. The hull thickness of the seeds was within 0.01 to 0.05 and the percentage of hydration ranges within 5.5 to 6.8 per cent. All varieties had a green colour for the seed coat. Overall sensory acceptability of TGX TGX1440‐1E, 1485‐1D and 1019‐2EB compared favourably well with green peas used as control for sensory evaluation.Originality/valueThis study could help to identify the potential of some Nigerian soybean cultivars for production for use as a source of vegetable in the diet and also provided valuable information for further improvement of soybean for food uses.
Development of non‐conventional thermo‐resistant chocolate for the tropics
Authors: Ogunwolu S.O. , Jayeola C.O. 
Published: July 2006

PurposeChocolates imported into Nigeria melt at tropical room temperature, causing bloom formation in storage. This situation may be responsible for the low consumption of chocolate in Nigeria. This study therefore focused on the production and evaluation of thermo‐resistant chocolate that is not heat labile at tropical ambient temperature.Design/methodology/approachStudies were carried out in two stages. The first stage was the incorporation of cornstarch at different percentages of 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0 per cent and the second stage was the use of gelatin at 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0 per cent.FindingsAt 10 per cent inclusions of cornstarch and gelatin, the two non‐conventional chocolates melted at temperatures between 40‐50°C, compared to that of conventional milk chocolate which melts at temperatures between 25‐33°C.Originality/valueThe two non‐conventional chocolates compared favourably with the conventional milk chocolate in terms of colour, taste, smoothness and overall acceptability. However, the non‐conventional chocolate was found to be thermo‐stable at tropical ambient temperatures. The production of these thermo‐resistant chocolates will allow the wide distribution, display and consumption of chocolate in the tropics, especially Nigeria.
Food shopping and preparation among the 30‐somethings: whose job is it? (The ASH30 study)
Authors: Lake Amelia A. , Hyland Robert M. , Mathers John C. , Rugg‐Gunn Andrew J. , Wood Charlotte E. , Adamson Ashley J. 
Published: July 2006

PurposeThe paper aims to explore the food shopping and preparation responsibility in a sample of adults, average age 32.5 years.Design/methodology/approachA sample of 198 adults (81 men and 117 women) who were involved in a longitudinal dietary study self‐completed a questionnaire about their food habits. Chi‐squared analysis explored relationships between variables using SPSS (version 10). Open‐ended responses were analysed in QSR NUD*IST using a content analysis framework.FindingsThe majority of respondents were married or co‐habiting (79 per cent), 6 per cent were lone parents, 9 per cent lived alone and the remainder lived with parents and others. Significantly more women than men were responsible for food shopping and preparation (both p<0.001). Within shared households food responsibility was predominately a female dominated area, with a considerably higher proportion of women responsible for food shopping and preparation compared with men. Reasons given for this included aspects of time and work as well as women being more skilled in this task.Research limitations/implicationsThe study was a relatively small and homogenous sample, not necessarily representative of the wider UK population.Practical implicationsIdentifies the enduring gender divide in food responsibility. Findings will be useful to health educators, policy planners and researchers.Originality/valueIn light of the recent focus on diet and health, this paper describes the reported shopping and food preparation behaviours in a sample of adults in their 30s at the beginning of a new century.
Business impact of executive coaching: demonstrating monetary value
Authors: Parker‐Wilkins Vernita 
Published: July 2006

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to increase understanding of the business impact of executive coaching and enhance the utilization of coaching throughout the firm.Design/methodology/approachThe ROI study consisted of a three‐step process: understand the business value expected by the firm's senior leadership; document what staff have learned from coaching; explore how staff applied what they learned from coaching to create intangible and monetary value for the business.FindingsAfter the effects of coaching were isolated: monetary benefits were discounted by the isolation (interviewees were asked how much of the value did they attribute directly to their coaching experience) and error percentages; two extreme values were eliminated from the analysis, each totaling over half a million dollars; all monetary benefits were reduced by an additional 50 percent to ensure a conservative set of monetary benefits; Coaching produced intangible and monetary benefits for seven out of eight business impact areas; and ROI of $3,268,325 (689 percent)Practical implicationsAttaining business benefits requires taking a more proactive stance in how coaching is managed: ongoing measurement of the value of coaching should be linked to the achievement of specific business objectives and value propositions set by Booz Allen officers; periodic reviews of progress and business outcomes will suggest ways to increase business value and meet senior leader expectations.Originality/valueProvides leaders of executive development programs with an approach to assess the monetary value of executive coaching.
Learning that lasts
Authors: Turner Ernie 
Published: July 2006

PurposeThis paper sets out to identify key learning principles and practices that promote transformative learning based on LIM's action reflection learning (ARL) experience over the past 20 years.Design/methodology/approachThese key learning principles and practices are introduced one at a time, with illustrative stories from LIM's experience.FindingsLIM has discovered that the ARL approach for designing and delivering learning interventions is based on practical common sense theories that work. People's lives are transformed, while measurable and tangible business results are achieved at the same time. This is called earning while learning.Research limitations/implicationsFollowing the writing of this article, Isabel Rimanoczy, a LIM Partner, conducted a research project interviewing learning coaches from LIM and the MiL Institute, LIM's sister organization in Sweden, to identify the key learning principles and elements that they used in designing and delivering learning interventions. Most of the principles cited in this article were identified in her research paper.Practical implicationsPractitioners can use these principles and practices as a check‐list for their own work as they design and deliver learning/training interventions.Originality/valueThese few principles and practices are easy to use and can make a big difference in “making learning last”.
The Leadership Circle Profile: breakthrough leadership assessment technology
Authors: Anderson Robert J. 
Published: July 2006

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to describe The Leadership Circle Profile as a significant advancement in leadership assessment and development technology.Design/methodology/approachThis paper will describe how The Leadership Circle Profile integrates many of the best psychological, leadership, and spiritual development frameworks and theory into an integrated competency‐based leadership assessment.FindingsIn addition to describing The Leadership Circle Profile, the article will summarize key statistical information that suggests the underlying validity of the instrument. It will also show how the major dimensions measured by the Profile are correlated to leadership effectiveness and a business performance index. A full description of the validity data and research methodology is beyond the scope of this paper.Originality/valueOrganization development consultants and executive coaches will discover a new leadership assessment technology that goes beyond what is available in other tools, in that, it is a more complete model of leadership development; immediately brings the key internal and behavioral issues to the surface; and invites the client to work more deeply and transformationally within themselves.
Raising the curtain on culture change
Authors: Ryder Judith 
Published: July 2006

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to consider how Whitefriars Housing Group has addressed the challenges faced when managing major change, and to provide a successful case study for other organisations and training providers to learn from. The article considers how to introduce a successful culture change strategy and entrench a set of values into an organisation.Design/methodology/approachWhitefriars codified its cultural change model into seven easy‐to‐digest sections. These were then conveyed to all staff using in‐depth and innovative training methods, ranging from customer care training to theatre forums.FindingsThe results, in terms of employee attitudes, customer response and external audits, were all very positive. Tangible evidence of the success of the Stardust Strategy can be found in hard figures. Sickness absence dropped over three years from 9 per cent to 4.5 per cent. Employee turnover dropped from 40 per cent on the front line to around 8 per cent.Practical implicationsThe paper shows a need for organisations to entrench their training material and the importance of innovation. Changes to practice may include embedding cultural identity and customer care into all companies' training packages.Originality/valueThe theatre training and Stardust Strategy contained within this paper are all new ideas. The paper will be of interest to trainers and human resources departments whose organisations or clients are undergoing major change. It is relevant to individuals and organisations both within and outside of the housing sector.
Inspirational leadership: involving senior leaders in developing the next generation
Authors: Harris Jack , Kim Barnes B. 
Published: July 2006

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to share the successful experience of Lilly Research Laboratories (LRL) in engaging senior leaders in developing the next generation of leaders.Design/methodology/approachThe paper describes the principles and approach used by LRL. It provides a straightforward description of the major leadership development programs with a more detailed description of a course on inspirational leadership. One of the co‐authors, a Vice President of Medical, describes his personal motivation for participating.FindingsThe commitment of a significant amount of time to their development by respected senior leaders is a powerful message and model to participants. The ability to interact in a deeply personal way with senior leaders is highly motivating to participants. The involvement of senior leaders in the design and development of programs gives them a strong interest in later participation. Being identified as an inspirational leader and having the opportunity to influence the next generation are personally rewarding to senior leaders.Originality/valueLRL is one of too few organizations that have succeeded in gaining a high level of commitment from senior leaders to developing future leaders; their methodology may be valuable to other large and medium‐sized organizations.
Using a business simulation to develop key skills – the MERKIS experience
Authors: Strauss Ugis 
Published: July 2006

PurposeThe paper seeks to give information about business simulation and its advantages by giving an example of the MERKIS business simulation game.Design/methodology/approachA description of the business simulation game is given, including an explanation of the game structure and several examples of the problem areas MERKIS can be applied to, as well as four illustrative cases from real‐life experiences.FindingsThe article highlights the opportunities and benefits of the business simulation, as well as a list of the skills that can be acquired during the MERKIS simulation game.Practical implicationsThe paper is a useful source of information for company management and individuals who are looking for effective alternatives to traditional seminars and training courses.Originality/valueThe article presents a different approach to personnel/management training and could be of great value to managers, especially HR managers.
Interpretive journeys and METS
Authors: Nicholson Dennis 
Published: July 2006

PurposeTo report on initial work carried out on a Metadata Options Appraisal undertaken for the Loch Lomond and Trossachs National Park in the context of plans to create and manage complex digital objects called Interpretive Journeys, PDA‐based multimedia guides to Park tours. Design/methodology/approach – After some initial work, a phased approach was adopted. In Phase I (reported here), metadata schema for managing structurally complex digital objects were researched to provide a range of appropriate options. Their characteristics were then matched against the Park's general requirements as determined through discussions with staff and an examination of relevant documentation. Findings – It was determined that the METS metadata schema met Park requirements for managing Interpretive Journeys at a general level and could be used both, to inform the development of the planned Digital Asset Management System (an early priority), and to act as the main basis of a framework for determining a detailed metadata solution for the Park. Research limitations/implications – Further work is required in Phase II to determine the detailed metadata requirement for the Park. Practical implications – A useful guide to dealing with a range of management and metadata issues associated with managing complex digital objects, and to managing projects where guidance on metadata requirements is needed before the objects to be described are available. Originality/value – This paper offers an introduction to the management and metadata issues raised by Interpretive Journeys and digital composites of similar complexity, and an indication of how METS addresses these at a general level.
Optimising metadata to make high‐value content more accessible to Google users
Authors: Dawson Alan , Hamilton Val 
Published: July 2006

PurposeThis paper aims to show how information in digital collections that have been catalogued using high‐quality metadata can be retrieved more easily by users of search engines such as Google.Design/methodology/approachThe research and proposals described arose from an investigation into the observed phenomenon that pages from the Glasgow Digital Library (gdl.cdlr.strath.ac.uk) were regularly appearing near the top of Google search results shortly after publication, without any deliberate effort to achieve this. The reasons for this phenomenon are now well understood and are described in the second part of the paper. The first part provides context with a review of the impact of Google and a summary of recent initiatives by commercial publishers to make their content more visible to search engines.FindingsThe literature research provides firm evidence of a trend amongst publishers to ensure that their online content is indexed by Google, in recognition of its popularity with internet users. The practical research demonstrates how search engine accessibility can be compatible with use of established collection management principles and high‐quality metadata.Originality/valueThe concept of data shoogling is introduced, involving some simple techniques for metadata optimisation. Details of its practical application are given, to illustrate how those working in academic, cultural and public‐sector organisations could make their digital collections more easily accessible via search engines, without compromising any existing standards and practices.
An evaluation of conflation accuracy using finite‐state transducers
Authors: Galvez Carmen , de Moya‐Anegón Félix 
Published: July 2006

PurposeTo evaluate the accuracy of conflation methods based on finite‐state transducers (FSTs).Design/methodology/approachIncorrectly lemmatized and stemmed forms may lead to the retrieval of inappropriate documents. Experimental studies to date have focused on retrieval performance, but very few on conflation performance. The process of normalization we used involved a linguistic toolbox that allowed us to construct, through graphic interfaces, electronic dictionaries represented internally by FSTs. The lexical resources developed were applied to a Spanish test corpus for merging term variants in canonical lemmatized forms. Conflation performance was evaluated in terms of an adaptation of recall and precision measures, based on accuracy and coverage, not actual retrieval. The results were compared with those obtained using a Spanish version of the Porter algorithm.FindingsThe conclusion is that the main strength of lemmatization is its accuracy, whereas its main limitation is the underanalysis of variant forms.Originality/valueThe report outlines the potential of transducers in their application to normalization processes.
Automated subject classification of textual web documents
Authors: Golub Koraljka 
Published: July 2006

PurposeTo provide an integrated perspective to similarities and differences between approaches to automated classification in different research communities (machine learning, information retrieval and library science), and point to problems with the approaches and automated classification as such.Design/methodology/approachA range of works dealing with automated classification of full‐text web documents are discussed. Explorations of individual approaches are given in the following sections: special features (description, differences, evaluation), application and characteristics of web pages.FindingsProvides major similarities and differences between the three approaches: document pre‐processing and utilization of web‐specific document characteristics is common to all the approaches; major differences are in applied algorithms, employment or not of the vector space model and of controlled vocabularies. Problems of automated classification are recognized.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper does not attempt to provide an exhaustive bibliography of related resources.Practical implicationsAs an integrated overview of approaches from different research communities with application examples, it is very useful for students in library and information science and computer science, as well as for practitioners. Researchers from one community have the information on how similar tasks are conducted in different communities.Originality/valueTo the author's knowledge, no review paper on automated text classification attempted to discuss more than one community's approach from an integrated perspective.
Should top universities be led by top researchers and are they?
Authors: Goodall Amanda H. 
Published: July 2006

PurposeThis paper seeks to address the question: should the world's top universities be led by top researchers, and are they?Design/methodology/approachThe lifetime citations are counted by hand of the leaders of the world's top 100 universities identified in a global university ranking. These numbers are then normalised by adjusting for the different citation conventions across academic disciplines. Two statistical measures are used – Pearson's correlation coefficient and Spearman's ρ.FindingsThis study documents a positive correlation between the lifetime citations of a university's president and the position of that university in the global ranking. Better universities are run by better researchers. The results are not driven by outliers. That the top universities in the world – who have the widest choice of candidates – systematically appoint top researchers as their vice chancellors and presidents seems important to understand. This paper also shows that the pattern of presidents' life‐time citations follows a version of Lotka's power law.Originality/valueThere are two main areas of contribution. First, this paper attempts to use bibliometric data to address a performance‐related question of a type not seen before (to the author's knowledge). Second, despite the importance of research to research universities – as described in many mission‐statements – no studies currently exist that ask whether it matters if the head of a research university is himself or herself a committed researcher. Given the importance of universities in the world, and the difficulty that many have in appointing leaders, this question seems pertinent.
Common principles in managing digital libraries and managing VLEs
Authors: Joint Nicholas 
Published: July 2006

PurposeTo illustrate how there are common ways of managing both digital libraries and VLEs (virtual learning environments), based on the concept‐in‐common of a devolved or centralised approach to their implementation and a devolved or centralised long‐term management structure for their service development.Design/methodology/approachA simple overview of the principles involved, combined with comments on how the UK CLA (Copyright Licensing Agency) Higher Education scanning licence could be implemented in terms of these principles.FindingsThat the intrinsic natures of VLE and digital library IT platforms do lend themselves more easily to certain styles of management and implementation, but that the temptation to do what is administratively easiest, or most convenient in IT support terms, should not dictate the pedagogy informing the use of these platforms.Research limitations/implicationsThe relevance of these findings will be shown by the shape of future co‐ordinated developments in combined VLE and digital library initiatives and by the impact of applied learning theories on those activities.Practical implicationsSuggests that the library profession must be fully informed about the impact of learning theory on practical digital library implementations and must explore a new professional role which includes the functions of educator and educationalist.Originality/valueThe paper gives some solid foundations on which to base an understanding of the impact of new digitisation licence arrangements on UK HE library practice.