bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dual mediating effects of anxiety to use and acceptance attitude of artificial intelligence technology on the relationship between nursing students’ perception of and intention to use them: a descriptive study
Authors: Cho Kyong Ah , Seo Yon Hee 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Artificial intelligence (AI)-based healthcare technologies are changing nurses’ roles and enhancing patient care. However, nursing students may not be aware of the benefits, may not be trained to use AI-based technologies in their practice, and could have ethical concerns about using them. This study was conducted to identify the dual mediating effects of anxiety to use and acceptance attitude toward AI on the relationship between perception of and intentions to use AI among nursing students in South Korea.

Methods
The research model followed the PROCESS Macro model 6 proposed by Hayes. The participants were 180 nursing students in Gyeonggi-do. Data were collected from January 5–16, 2023, using self-reported questionnaires. Data were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 25.0 program, with independent t-tests, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson’s correlations, and Hayes’s PROCESS macro method for mediation.

Results
AI perception positively correlated with acceptance attitude (r =.44, p <.001), intention to use AI (r =.38, p <.001) and negatively correlated with anxiety (r = −.27, p <.001). Anxiety about AI negatively correlated with an acceptance attitude toward AI (r = −.36, p <.001) and intentions to use AI (r = −.28, p <.001). Acceptance attitude toward AI positively correlated with intentions to use AI (r =.43, p <.001). Anxiety about AI and acceptance attitude toward AI had a dual mediating effect on the relationship between AI perception and intentions to use AI.

Conclusions
It is necessary to develop systematic educational programs to improve the perception of AI. Thus, the competency and professionalism of nursing students regarding the use of AI in healthcare can be improved.
Group Health & Wellness Coaching: development and validation of the required competencies
Authors: Wolever Ruth Q , Cline Timothy R , Weiss Jocelyn M , Carmack Suzie , Schultz Cindy , Arloski Michael , Lawson Karen 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
As the popularity and demonstrated effectiveness of Health and Wellness Coaching (HWC) continue to grow to address chronic disease prevalence worldwide, delivery of this approach in a group format is gaining traction, particularly in healthcare. Nonetheless, very little empirical work exists on group coaching and there are currently no published competencies for Group Health and Wellness Coaching (GHWC).

Methods
We used a well-established two-phase (Development and Judgment) process to create and validate GHWC competencies with strong content validity.

Results
Seven highly qualified Subject Matter Experts systematically identified and proposed the GHWC competencies, which were then validated by 78 National Board Certified Health and Wellness Coaches (NBC-HWCs) currently practicing GHWC who rated the importance and use frequency of each one. The validation study led to 72 competencies which are organized into the structure and process of GHWC.

Conclusions
GHWC requires not only coaching skills, but significant group facilitation skills to guide the group process to best support members in maximizing health and well-being through self-directed behavioral change. As the presence of HWC continues to grow, it is imperative that GHWC skill standards be accepted and implemented for the safety of the public, the effectiveness of the intervention, and the value analysis of the field. Such standards will guide curriculum development, allow for a more robust research agenda, and give practical guidance for health and wellness coaches to responsibly run groups. High quality standards for GHWC are particularly needed in health care, where a Level III Current Procedural Terminology (CPT®) code for GHWC has been approved in the United States since 2019 and reimbursement of such has been approved by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid for 2024.
Minocycline-loaded nHAP/PLGA microspheres for prevention of injury-related corneal angiogenesis
Authors: Li Zitong , Huang Wenpeng , Zhang Ming , Huo Yan , Li Feifei , Song Lele , Wu Sitong , Yang Qi , Li Xiaoming , Zhang Jianjun , Yang Liu , Hao Jianchen , Kang Lei 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Corneal neovascularization (CoNV) threatens vision by disrupting corneal avascularity, however, current treatments, including pharmacotherapy and surgery, are hindered by limitations in efficacy and adverse effects. Minocycline, known for its anti-inflammatory properties, could suppress CoNV but faces challenges in effective delivery due to the cornea's unique structure. Therefore, in this study a novel drug delivery system using minocycline-loaded nano-hydroxyapatite/poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (nHAP/PLGA) nanoparticles was developed to improve treatment outcomes for CoNV.

Results
Ultra-small nHAP was synthesized using high gravity technology, then encapsulated in PLGA by a double emulsion method to form nHAP/PLGA microspheres, attenuating the acidic by-products of PLGA degradation. The MINO@PLGA nanocomplex, featuring sustained release and permeation properties, demonstrated an efficient delivery system for minocycline that significantly inhibited the CoNV area in an alkali-burn model without exhibiting apparent cytotoxicity. On day 14, the in vivo microscope examination and ex vivo CD31 staining corroborated the inhibition of neovascularization, with the significantly smaller CoNV area (29.40% ± 6.55%) in the MINO@PLGA Tid group (three times daily) than that of the control group (86.81% ± 15.71%), the MINO group (72.42% ± 30.15%), and the PLGA group (86.87% ± 14.94%) (p < 0.05). Fluorescein sodium staining show MINO@PLGA treatments, administered once daily (Qd) and three times daily (Tid) demonstrated rapid corneal epithelial healing while the Alkali injury group and the DEX group showed longer healing times (p < 0.05). Additionally, compared to the control group, treatments with dexamethasone, MINO, and MINO@PLGA were associated with an increased expression of TGF-β as evidenced by immunofluorescence, while the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α demonstrated a significant decrease following alkali burn. Safety evaluations, including assessments of renal and hepatic biomarkers, along with H&E staining of major organs, revealed no significant cytotoxicity of the MINO@PLGA nanocomplex in vivo.

Conclusions
The novel MINO@PLGA nanocomplex, comprising minocycline-loaded nHAP/PLGA microspheres, has shown a substantial capacity for preventing CoNV. This study confirms the complex's ability to downregulate inflammatory pathways, significantly reducing CoNV with minimal cytotoxicity and high biosafety in vivo. Given these findings, MINO@PLGA stands as a highly promising candidate for ocular conditions characterized by CoNV.

Graphical Abstract
External validation and update of the International Medical Prevention Registry on Venous Thromboembolism bleeding risk score for predicting bleeding in acutely ill hospitalized medical patients: a retrospective single-center cohort study in Japan
Authors: Arakaki Daichi , Iwata Mitsunaga , Terasawa Teruhiko 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
The International Medical Prevention Registry for Venous Thromboembolism (IMPROVE) Bleeding Risk Score is the recommended risk assessment model (RAM) for predicting bleeding risk in acutely ill medical inpatients in Western countries. However, few studies have assessed its predictive performance in local Asian settings.

Methods
We retrospectively identified acutely ill adolescents and adults (aged ≥ 15 years) who were admitted to our general internal medicine department between July 5, 2016 and July 5, 2021, and extracted data from their electronic medical records. The outcome of interest was the cumulative incidence of major and nonmajor but clinically relevant bleeding 14 days after admission. For the two-risk-group model, we estimated sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values (PPV and NPV, respectively). For the 11-risk-group model, we estimated C statistic, expected and observed event ratio (E/O), calibration-in-the-large (CITL), and calibration slope. In addition, we recalibrated the intercept using local data to update the RAM.

Results
Among the 3,876 included patients, 998 (26%) were aged ≥ 85 years, while 656 (17%) were hospitalized in the intensive care unit. The median length of hospital stay was 14 days. Clinically relevant bleeding occurred in 58 patients (1.5%), 49 (1.3%) of whom experienced major bleeding. Sensitivity, specificity, NPV, and PPV were 26.1% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 15.8–40.0%), 84.8% (83.6–85.9%), 98.7% (98.2–99.0%), and 2.5% (1.5–4.3%) for any bleeding and 30.9% (95% CI: 18.8–46.3%), 84.9% (83.7–86.0%), 99.0% (98.5–99.3%), and 2.5% (1.5–4.3%) for major bleeding, respectively. The C statistic, E/O, CITL, and calibration slope were 0.64 (95% CI: 0.58–0.71), 1.69 (1.45–2.05), − 0.55 (− 0.81 to − 0.29), and 0.58 (0.29–0.87) for any bleeding and 0.67 (95% CI: 0.60–0.74), 0.76 (0.61–0.87), 0.29 (0.00–0.58), and 0.42 (0.19–0.64) for major bleeding, respectively. Updating the model substantially corrected the poor calibration observed.

Conclusions
In our Japanese cohort, the IMPROVE bleeding RAM retained the reported moderate discriminative performance. Model recalibration substantially improved the poor calibration obtained using the original RAM. Before its introduction into clinical practice, the updated RAM needs further validation studies and an optimized threshold.
Getting more bang for their buck: BCL2 inhibitors boost dendritic-cell function to enhance anti-cancer immune surveillance
Authors: Montes-Gómez Alfredo E. , Tait Stephen W. G. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe anti-apoptotic BCL-2 protein family regulates cancer cell survival, thus it represents an important therapeutic target. Indeed, a drug class, called BH3-mimetics, have been developed to directly target BCL2 proteins and promote cancer cell death. Conventional wisdom suggests that the primary anti-cancer effect of BCL-2 inhibition is through induction of cancer cell death. However, a recent study by Zhao and colleagues describes that BCL-2 inhibition also enhances the function of classical dendritic cells, unleashing their role in immunosurveillance, promoting T cell immunity and tumour regression. Thus, inhibiting anti-apoptotic BCL-2 function may have a multi-pronged anti-tumour action.
The immunomodulatory effect of oral NaHCO3 is mediated by the splenic nerve: multivariate impact revealed by artificial neural networks
Authors: Alvarez Milena Rodriguez , Alkaissi Hussam , Rieger Aja M. , Esber Guillem R. , Acosta Manuel E. , Stephenson Stacy I. , Maurice Allison V. , Valencia Laura Melissa Rodríguez , Roman Christopher A. , Alarcon Juan Marcos 
Published: March 2024

AbstractStimulation of the inflammatory reflex (IR) is a promising strategy for treating systemic inflammatory disorders. Recent studies suggest oral sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) as a potential activator of the IR, offering a safe and cost-effective treatment approach. However, the mechanisms underlying NaHCO3-induced anti-inflammatory effects remain unclear. We investigated whether oral NaHCO3’s immunomodulatory effects are mediated by the splenic nerve. Female rats received NaHCO3 or water (H2O) for four days, and splenic immune markers were assessed using flow cytometry. NaHCO3 led to a significant increase (p < 0.05, and/or partial eta squared > 0.06) in anti-inflammatory markers, including CD11bc + CD206 + (M2-like) macrophages, CD3 + CD4 + FoxP3 + cells (Tregs), and Tregs/M1-like ratio. Conversely, proinflammatory markers, such as CD11bc + CD38 + TNFα + (M1-like) macrophages, M1-like/M2-like ratio, and SSChigh/SSClow ratio of FSChighCD11bc + cells, decreased in the spleen following NaHCO3 administration. These effects were abolished in spleen-denervated rats, suggesting the necessity of the splenic nerve in mediating NaHCO3-induced immunomodulation. Artificial neural networks accurately classified NaHCO3 and H2O treatment in sham rats but failed in spleen-denervated rats, highlighting the splenic nerve's critical role. Additionally, spleen denervation independently influenced Tregs, M2-like macrophages, Tregs/M1-like ratio, and CD11bc + CD38 + cells, indicating distinct effects from both surgery and treatment. Principal component analysis (PCA) further supported the separate effects. Our findings suggest that the splenic nerve transmits oral NaHCO3-induced immunomodulatory changes to the spleen, emphasizing NaHCO3’s potential as an IR activator with therapeutic implications for a wide spectrum of systemic inflammatory conditions.
Graphical abstract
The pathology of X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy: tissue specific changes as a clue to pathophysiology
Authors: Yska Hemmo A.F. , Engelen Marc , Bugiani Marianna 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAlthough the pathology of X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) is well described, it represents the end-stage of neurodegeneration. It is still unclear what cell types are initially involved and what their role is in the disease process. Revisiting the seminal post-mortem studies from the 1970s can generate new hypotheses on pathophysiology. This review describes (histo)pathological changes of the brain and spinal cord in ALD. It aims at integrating older works with current insights and at providing an overarching theory on the pathophysiology of ALD. The data point to an important role for axons and glia in the pathology of both the myelopathy and leukodystrophy of ALD. In-depth pathological analyses with new techniques could help further unravel the sequence of events behind the pathology of ALD.
DGet! An open source deuteration calculator for mass spectrometry data
Authors: Lockwood Thomas E. , Angeloski Alexander 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDGet! is an open-source analysis package written in Python for calculating the degree of deuterium enrichment in isotopically labelled molecules using mass spectrometric data. The nuclear properties of deuterium make it a valuable tracer in metabolic studies and an excellent contrast agent in nuclear spectroscopies. Determination of molecular deuteration levels is typically performed using mass spectrometry, however software options to perform these calculations are scarce. The in-house scripts and spreadsheets currently used rarely account for isotopic interferences from 13C or multi-isotopic elements that impact deuteration calculations. DGet! removes isotopic interferences using de-convolution and both the isotopological makeup and overall deuteration level can be accurately recovered. The software is available as command line and web applications that take a molecular formula and mass spectrometry data and output a graphical representation of the degree of deuteration as well as the distribution of partially deuterated analogues. These applications are designed to be easy to use and enable superior characterisation of deuterated molecules for users of all levels of expertise, without the limitations of techniques currently used by the majority of deuteration laboratories and researchers.
Graphical Abstract
Performance evaluation of pair selection algorithms in device-to-device communication using relay-assisted techniques
Authors: Omar Abdullahi Adan , Nadar Kannan Pauliah , Vivekanand Chettiyar Vani , Devi E. Anna , Xavier A. Jasmine , Inbamalar T. M. , Therase L. Magthelin , Vanitha J. , Sonia C. Andrews , Rose J. Binisha 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCommunication services that are dependable are crucial, particularly during emergencies when the regular infrastructure for communication may be disrupted or nonexistent. In such situations, device-to-device (D2D) communication can be a helpful choice since it allows user equipment (UE) that is close to one another to connect directly, bypassing the cellular network infrastructure. The primary focus of this thesis is the application of D2D communication in a decentralized emergency scenario with a damaged eNodeB. The main objective is to find an appropriate strategy for finding and selecting D2D couples by simulating several methods in MATLAB. This study compares three D2D pair selection algorithms: distance-based, Signal-to-Interference and Noise Ratio (SINR)-based, and data rate-based distance-based. The simulation results show that the data rate-based strategy is the most effective method for selecting D2D couples in emergency scenarios. In contrast to algorithms that rely on distance and SINR, this one reduces the chance of an outage by 20%. Bit error rate (BER), capacity, spectral efficiency, and energy efficiency are the three types of links that are assessed: direct links, relay links, and UE relay links. The results show that, with the lowest BER and maximum data throughput, the direct link is the most reliable and efficient communication option. However, the relay connection and the UE relay link show better overall spectral efficiency in comparison to the direct link, indicating their ability to transport more data per unit of bandwidth. The option that consumes the least energy among the three is the direct link. The study demonstrates the great potential of D2D communication in emergency scenarios where conventional communication infrastructure may not be available. The direct link is the most dependable and effective alternative for communication, according to the data, although the UE link can still function effectively in the event that the direct link is compromised. The data rate-based method is a useful strategy for finding and choosing D2D partners. The results of this study can direct the development of D2D emergency communication solutions in 5G networks.
Singular perturbation boundary and interior layers problems with multiple turning points
Authors: Wang Xinyu , Wang Na 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn the study of singularly perturbed boundary problems with turning points, the solution undergoes sharp changes near these points and exhibits various interior phenomena. We employ the matching asymptotic expansion method to analyze and solve a singularly perturbed boundary and interior layers problem with multiple turning points, resulting in a composite expansion that fits well with the numerical solution. The solution demonstrates a strong association with special functions, which is verified by the theory of differential inequalities.
A nomogram prediction model for hungry bone syndrome in dialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism after total parathyroidectomy
Authors: Gao Dan , Liu Yali , Cui Wenpeng , Lu Xuehong , Lou Yan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Objective
Secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) is a common complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Hungry bone syndrome (HBS) after parathyroidectomy (PTX) is a serious complication, which can lead to diarrhea, convulsion, arrhythmia and even death. This study was aimed to determine the risk factors for HBS after PTX in dialysis patients with SHPT and construct a nomogram prediction model to predict the incidence of postoperative complications.

Methods
Clinical data were collected from 80 maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients with SHPT who received total PTX in the Second Hospital of Jilin University from January 2018 to September 2021. In line with the inclusion and exclusion criteria, totally 75 patients were finally enrolled for analysis. Patients were divided into two groups for retrospective analysis according to the severity of postoperative HBS, including HBS group and non-HBS (N-HBS) group. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the risk factors for postoperative HBS. Afterwards, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted based on the statistical analysis results, aiming to compare the prediction effects of different predicting factors. Finally, the nomogram was established to evaluate the occurrence probability of postoperative complications predicted by the risk factors.

Results
Among the 75 patients, 32 had HBS (HBS group), while 43 did not have HBS (N-HBS group). Univariate analysis results indicated that, the preoperative intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) and serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels in HBS group were significantly higher than those in N-HBS group, while preoperative hemoglobin and preoperative albumin (Alb) levels were significantly lower than those in N-HBS group. As discovered by multivariate logistic regression analysis, preoperative iPTH (OR = 1.111, P = 0.029) and ALP (OR = 1.010, P < 0.001) were the independent risk factors for postoperative HBS. ROC curve analysis suggested that the area under the curve (AUC) values of these two indicators were 0.873 and 0.926, respectively (P < 0.0001). Subsequently, the nomogram model for predicting HBS was constructed. The model verification results indicated that the predicted values were basically consistent with the measured values, with the C-index of 0.943 (95% CI 0.892–0.994). Besides, the calibration curve was consistent with the ideal curve, demonstrating the favorable accuracy and discrimination of the model.

Conclusions
Preoperative iPTH and preoperative ALP are the risk factors for postoperative HBS, which can be used to guide the early clinical intervention.
HCC portal hypertension imaging score derived from CT predicts re-bleeding and mortality after acute variceal bleeding
Authors: Zhao Mingyuan , Zhang Binyue , Shi Jianqiang , Tang Xiaoxian , Li Hongxia , Li Shengwen , Yang Yunfeng , Han Yi , Wang Rong , Xun Jian , Zhang Kai , Wu Xirun , Zhao Jiang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background/Purpose
Risk factors for re-bleeding and death after acute variceal bleeding (AVB) in cirrhotic HCC patients are not fully understood.We aimed to (1) explore how the combination of high-risk esophageal varices, HCC status, and portal vein tumor thrombus (i.e., HCC Portal Hypertension Imaging Score [HCCPHTIS]) helps predict increased risk of variceal re-bleeding and mortality; (2) assess predictability and reproducibility of the identified variceal re-bleeding rules.

Methods
This prospective study included 195 HCC patients with first-time AVB and liver cirrhosis, and conducted multivariable Cox regression analysis and Kaplan-Meier analysis. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was calculated to find the optimal sensitivity, specificity, and cutoff values of the variables. The reproducibility of the results obtained was verified in a different but related group of patients.

Results
56 patients (28.7%) had re-bleeding within 6 weeks; HCCPHTIS was an independent risk factor for variceal re-bleeding after AVB (Odd ratio, 2.330; 95% confidence interval: 1.728–3.142, p < 0.001). The positive predictive value of HCCPHTIS cut off value > 3 was 66.2%, sensitivity 83.9%, and specificity 82.3%. HCCPHTIS area under the curve was higher than Child-Pugh score (89% vs. 75%, p < 0.001). 74(37.9%) death occurred within 6 weeks; HCCPHTIS > 4 was associated with increased risk of death within 6 weeks after AVB (p < 0.001).

Conclusion
HCCPHTIS > 3 is a strong predictor of variceal re-bleeding within the first 6 weeks. However, patients with HCCPHTIS > 4 were at increased risk of death within 6 weeks.