bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A case of nephrocalcinosis in a 7‐month‐old with congenital hypothyroidism: Insights from targeted exome sequencing
Authors: Zgheib Omar , Quteineh Lina , Parvex Paloma , Marconi Caterina , Schwitzgebel Valerie , Bertacchi Massimiliano 
Published: March 2024

AbstractNephrocalcinosis is a complex disease with a multitude of triggering factors. An association with congenital hypothyroidism has been described in the literature, but the mechanisms leading to its development remain unclear. A 7‐month‐old infant presented with muscular hypotonia and signs of malnutrition was diagnosed with congenital hypothyroidism, nephrocalcinosis of unclear origin, and multiple kidney stones. Urine analysis revealed the presence of calcium oxalate crystals and slightly elevated oxaluria without hypercalciuria. Targeted exome sequencing found no variants in the four causative genes of primary oxaluria, namely AGXT, CBX5, GRHPR, and HOGA1. The clinical outcome was favorable with thyroid hormone and potassium citrate treatment. Ultrasound follow‐up showed progressive improvement of nephrocalcinosis. The low level of urinary oxalate and the prevalence of dihydrate calcium oxalate crystals spoke against primary or secondary oxaluria. Recent evidence from mitochondrial research shows that thyroid hormone T3 enhances mitochondrial calcium levels by stimulating calcium uptake by the mitochondrial calcium uniporter. A reduced calcium uptake and metabolism in mitochondria might represent an explanation for cytoplasmic calcium accumulation in tubular cells, subsequently precipitating nephrocalcinosis in the absence of thyroid hormone. Even if the pathophysiological mechanisms are not yet fully understood, recent evidence is supportive of a causal relationship between hypothyroidism and nephrocalcinosis, a sometimes overlooked association.
Effect and mechanism of transient receptor potential canonical channel 3 on hyperoxic lung injury in neonatal rats
Authors: Fu Xingmeng , Gong Xiaoxia , Wu Tianyi , Chen Lirou , Fu Zhou , Shu Chang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe aim of this study is to research the expression of the transient receptor potential canonical channel 3 (TRPC3) in a neonatal hyperoxic lung injury model of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), and to further investigate the role of the TRPC3/nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) signaling pathway in hyperoxia‐induced BPD by a TRPC3 agonist (GSK1702934A). The hyperoxic lung injury model of BPD was established in Sprague–Dawley neonatal rats. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and radial alveolar count (RAC) values showed that the hyperoxic lung injury model of BPD was successfully established in the neonatal rats, and pulmonary edema was found in the neonatal rats with BPD. The results of reference transcriptome sequencing, Quantitative real‐time PCR (qPCR), and western blot showed lower pulmonary expression of TRPC3 in the BPD group than in the control group. Immunofluorescence showed predominant expression of TRPC3 in airways and pulmonary vessels, and the fluorescence intensity of the BPD group was lower than that of the control group. Lung dry‐to‐wet weight ratio, HE staining, and RAC value showed that the lung histomorphology significantly improved in the BPD + TRPC3 agonist group compared with the BPD group on day 14 but did not revert to the level of the control group. According to qPCR results, compared with the control group, the expression of NF‐κB1 decreased and the expression of NF‐κBiz increased in the BPD group, whereas the expression of NF‐κBiz decreased in the BPD + TRPC3 agonist group. Therefore, we draw the conclusion that TRPC3 may activate NF‐κB by inhibiting NF‐κBiz to promote cell proliferation and lung growth and development.
Efficacious constrained layer damping of carbon black‐reinforced nitrile butadiene rubber‐polyvinyl chloride blend vulcanizates: A comprehensive study
Authors: Sharma Gaurav , Kumaraswamy Adepu , S Praveen , Ratna D , Chakraborty Bikash Chandra , Ahire Nitin , Rath Sangram K. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe report efficacious vibration damping of carbon black reinforced nitrile butadiene rubber‐polyvinyl chloride blend (NVC) vulcanizates in a constrained layer damping (CLD) configuration. The objective is to compare numerical simulations using finite element method (FEM) and the widely used Ross‐Kerwin‐Ungar (RKU) model with the experimental results. NVC blend (50:50 by weight), was compounded with carbon black as reinforcing filler and vulcanized using a sulfur‐based curative system. Significant reinforcement and toughening were observed for the carbon black reinforced vulcanizates compared to the pristine blend. The viscoelastic properties of the vulcanizates were assessed using dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), exploring their behavior concerning temperature variations and different frequencies to generate the Prony series coefficients for input in FEM analysis. Vibration damping experiments were conducted using the Oberst beam method in a single cantilever mode, with steel as the vibrating substrate, aluminum as the constraining layer, and the NVC vulcanizates as viscoelastic materials (VEM). Numerical simulations were performed using FEM to analyze mode shapes and frequency response function (FRF), and the RKU model was employed to quantify CLD system loss factors (SLF). The salient finding of this study was the observed SLF values in the range of 0.08–0.20 in the frequency regime of 200–2000 Hz. These values qualify the studied material as effective VEMs for CLD treatment of structural vibrations. This study supports design optimization efforts in a wide range of engineering applications where effective vibration damping is critical.Highlights
Enhancement of NVC blend properties through carbon black reinforcement.
Detailed analysis of viscoelastic behavior using DMA.
Validation of findings through experimental modal analysis.
Promising results in terms of system loss factors for CLD applications.
A novel mutation in mitochondrial cytochrome b conferring resistance to bifenazate in two‐spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acarina: Tetranychidae)
Authors: Chen Yizhou , Nguyen Duong T. , Wheeler David , Herron Grant A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe two‐spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae causes significant damage to ornamental, cotton, sugarcane and horticultural crops in Australia. It has a long history of developing resistance to many acaricides including bifenazate. A mutation in the conserved cd1‐ and ef‐helices of the Qo pocket of cytochrome b is recognized as the primary mechanism of bifenazate resistance. To investigate the resistance mechanisms against bifenazate in Australian two‐spotted spider mite, we sequenced the complete mitochondrion genome of five mite strains including a susceptible and bifenazate‐resistant strain.RESULTSWe identified a novel mutation D252N in the G126S background at cytochrome b being the cause of bifenazate resistance in a bifenazate‐resistant strain, Bram. We validated the role of this mutation combination by reciprocal crosses between a bifenazate resistant and susceptible strain. By doing these crosses we confirmed the pattern of inheritance was maternal. Additionally, mitochondrial heteroplasmy was not observed by single mite genotyping of the mutations in cytb in a known bifenazate‐resistant strain Bram. The phylogenetic analysis with the complete mitochondrion genome sequences revealed that Australian two‐spotted spider mite strains are closely related to the green form of T. urticae found in China.CONCLUSIONSThe novel mutation D252N found in the cytochrome b in the G126S background was revealed to be the main cause of bifenazate resistance in the Australian T. urticae strain Bram. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Quercetin inhibits necroptosis in cardiomyocytes after ischemia–reperfusion via DNA‐PKcs‐SIRT5‐orchestrated mitochondrial quality control
Authors: Chang Xing , Zhang Qin , Huang Yu , Liu Jinfeng , Wang Yanli , Guan Xuanke , Wu Qiaomin , Liu Zhiming , Liu Ruxiu 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe investigated the mechanism by which quercetin preserves mitochondrial quality control (MQC) in cardiomyocytes subjected to ischemia–reperfusion stress. An enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay was employed in the in vivo experiments to assess myocardial injury markers, measure the transcript levels of SIRT5/DNAPK‐cs/MLKL during various time intervals of ischemia–reperfusion, and observe structural changes in cardiomyocytes using transmission electron microscopy. In in vitro investigations, adenovirus transfection was employed to establish a gene‐modified model of DNA‐PKcs, and primary cardiomyocytes were obtained from a mouse model with modified SIRT5 gene. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, laser confocal microscopy, immunofluorescence localization, JC‐1 fluorescence assay, Seahorse energy analysis, and various other assays were applied to corroborate the regulatory influence of quercetin on the MQC network in cardiomyocytes after ischemia–reperfusion. In vitro experiments demonstrated that ischemia–reperfusion injury caused changes in the structure of the myocardium. It was seen that quercetin had a beneficial effect on the myocardial tissue, providing protection. As the ischemia–reperfusion process continued, the levels of DNA‐PKcs/SIRT5/MLKL transcripts were also found to change. In vitro investigations revealed that quercetin mitigated cardiomyocyte injury caused by mitochondrial oxidative stress through DNA‐PKcs, and regulated mitophagy and mitochondrial kinetics to sustain optimal mitochondrial energy metabolism levels. Quercetin, through SIRT5 desuccinylation, modulated the stability of DNA‐PKcs, and together they regulated the “mitophagy‐unfolded protein response.” This preserved the integrity of mitochondrial membrane and genome, mitochondrial dynamics, and mitochondrial energy metabolism. Quercetin may operate synergistically to oversee the regulation of mitophagy and the unfolded protein response through DNA‐PKcs‐SIRT5 interaction.
Dynamic data model and robust controller with high‐frequency component reduction for unknown time‐varying discrete‐time systems
Authors: Treesatayapun C. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis article presents an adaptive controller tailored for discrete‐time systems, emphasizing robustness and addressing time‐varying constraints. An equivalent model is constructed solely from input‐output data collected from an unknown plant. Performance optimization involves determining an appropriate learning rate guided by theoretical analysis. A control law is derived from the equivalent model and a proposed auxiliary controller, with parameter settings guided by theoretical analysis to achieve robust convergence in closed‐loop performance. Comprehensive experimental and comparative assessments confirm the superior performance of both the equivalent model and the proposed controller, especially in brushless DC motor position control. Moreover, compared to similar schemes, the proposed controller generates fewer high‐frequency control effort components. The investigation validates the approach's robustness in real‐world conditions, including uncertainties, disturbances, and common time‐varying constraints in practical plant scenarios.
Do unpriced natural and ecosystem capital affect economic output? Growth regression analyses
Authors: Thia Jang Ping , Kong Xinyu , Su Jiaqi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractServices provided by nature and ecosystem capital are unpriced and their contributions cannot be observed through factor payments. Estimates of nature's gross domestic product contribution are thus based on bottom‐up extrapolations of local ecological valuations or various sectoral dependency assumptions. These estimates are hence partial and wide‐ranging. On the other hand, omission of nature and ecosystem capital in standard growth regressions potentially biases estimated returns to other factors of production. This paper incorporates various categories of natural capital and biodiversity into growth regressions, with annual data covering more than 100 economies over more than two decades. A range of econometric specifications are used, including fixed effect panel regressions, Arellano and Bond, and Pseudo Poisson Maximum Likelihood. The estimates point to natural capital, especially the narrower and specific ecosystem capital, having a sizeable positive elasticity of around one‐third of total gross fixed capital. Ecosystem capital is thus estimated to contribute around USD6–12 trillion (or 10–20 trillion in purchasing power parity terms) annually for the global economy. This estimated contribution is significantly higher than what is implied by existing stock valuations, underscoring the importance of ecosystem capital to sustainable growth.
Tuning Optical Properties of Carbon Dots by Co‐doping Strategy for Versatile Applications
Authors: Ma Huanhuan , Zhang Na , Wang Xinzhu , Lin Kui , Liu Ping , Tian Fei 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCarbon dots (CDs) with tunable photoluminescence was successfully prepared via selective co‐doping of three elements, including nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur element by green one‐step hydrothermal method. Nitrogen‐sulfur‐doped CDs (red NS‐CDs), which emitted red fluorescence under UV excitation, were used to detect iron ions in the linear range 1–50 μM, yielding detectable limits as low as 94 nM. The nitrogen‐phosphorus‐doped CDs (blue NP‐CDs) exhibited blue fluorescence with quantum yields up to 34.5 %. When the concentration is 800 μg/mL, it showed excellent anticancer effect in vitro. The nitrogen‐sulfur‐phosphorus‐doped CDs (green NPS‐CDs) emitting green fluorescence showed a low cytotoxicity at a high concentration of 800 μg/mL and were used for intracelluar imaging of NCl−H292 cells. This study demonstrated the photoluminescent characteristics of carbon dots (CDs) and highlighted the ability to modify their peak fluorescence emission wavelengths through the flexible combination of specific reagents under comparable hydrothermal conditions. Additionally, it provided valuable insights into the efficient methodologies for synthesizing CDs suitable for various application scenarios.
Biannual Account of Anti‐malarial Agents reported in 2021 and 2022: A Comprehensive Coverage
Authors: Dhameliya Tejas M. , Patel Diya S. , Kathuria Deepika , Shah Maitri B. , Dabhade Akshada S. , Dave Hetvi S. , Lad Nidhi C. , Chaudhari Amit Z. , Alom Shahnaz , Vyas Vivek K. , Bhatt Hardik G. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMalaria remains a severe infectious disease caused by Plasmodium parasites among the primarily afflicting impoverished populations. According to World Health Organization (WHO) report, there were an estimated 247 million malarial cases globally, resulting in approximately 6,19,000 fatalities. Particularly prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions, the development of drug resistance has exacerbated this public health challenge. Consequently, there has been a concrete effort to explore novel compounds with anti‐malarial properties. In continuation of our previous works, this review focuses on heterocyclic compounds documented in 2021 and 2022, including artemisinin, benzimidazole, benzofuran, β‐lactam, coumarin, furan, indole, morpholine, piperazine, pyrimidine, quinoline, triazole, etc. highlighting their efficacy, structural characteristics, in vitro and in vivo activities, among other relevant aspects for the broad interest of medicinal chemists working on the design and development of novel anti‐malarial agents.
The Hydrogenation of CO2 to Free Formic Acid at Room Temperature over Pd/MgAl‐LDH
Authors: Wang Yanyan , Dong Minghua , Liu Shulin , Liu Yanzhen , Zhou Ti , Luan Sen , Cheng Xiaomeng , Liu Huizhen , Han Buxing 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe hydrogenation of CO2 to free formic acid is not only one of the most effective measures to make waste profitable, but also a significant and promising method for the hydrogen storage. Herein, we firstly achieved the hydrogenation of CO2 to free formic acid at room temperature over Pd/MgAl‐LDH and the TON of free HCOOH could reach 116. The Ni dopant could further improve the performance of the catalyst and the TON could increase to 134 over PdNi/MgAl‐LDH, which results from more electronic‐rich Pd centre. It was also found that the chemical composition of LDH could affect the catalytic performance due to different alkalinity.
A secure and efficient heterogeneous ID‐based signcryption for unmanned aerial vehicular networking system
Authors: Aithekar Ashutosh , Gupta Pratik , Chaudhary Dharminder 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn the last decade, Internet of Things opened the door to applications of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Since the data is transferred on a public channel, therefore security, privacy, and efficiency are the main concerns of UAVs communication. Signcryption is a technique to execute encryption and signature in one step. However, the usual signcryption is not applicable to UAVs with constrained nature of resources and ground station. Moreover, in particular, UAVs and ground station need a heterogeneous signcryption for UAVs to establish communication with the ground station. But, the bilinear bilinear mapping is a very costly operation, so we need pairless identity based heterogeneous signcryption. The proposed design is unforgeable and secure against chosen message attacks. The experiment shows the efficiency of the proposed method. It takes less communication and computation costs.
Towards Autonomous Materials–Challenges in Chemical Communication
Authors: de Jong P. Jarne , Trigka Foteini , Lerch Michael M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCoordination of functions in multi‐body or multi‐component systems requires communication among its parts and is a prerequisite for achieving complex tasks. While electromagnetic (network) communication provides a key ingredient for modern robotics, its molecular equivalent is largely missing for soft robots. With advancements in programmed cargo release, DNA strand‐displacement reactions, enzymatic cascades, and genetic circuits, budding solutions to such chemical network communication have emerged with the potential to drive function in soft machines. In order for such chemical communication to be useful, however, new control concepts, (orthogonal) communication protocols, and molecular solutions should be found. Herein, we provide a critical perspective on the current state‐of‐the‐art chemical communication and identify key challenges towards autonomous soft materials, including signal processing, dealing with noise, switching signaling modalities, and limitations in time and length scales that determine material design. Building on an emerging body of examples, we illustrate gaps, synergies, and new concepts that may provide possible solutions to achieve standardized and reliable molecular information exchange for regulating (soft) robotic function.
DNA barcoding of the genus Verbascum (Scrophulariaceae) in the Arabian Peninsula
Authors: Alzahrani Ali Mohammed , Brehm Joana Magos , Ghazanfar Shahina A. , Maxted Nigel 
Published: March 2024

AbstractVerbascum and Rhabdotosperma are members of the family Scrophulariaceae. The first genus comprises approximately 360 species from almost all parts of the world, while the second contains a total of 8 species from tropical Africa and the Arabian Peninsula. Since 1977, the relationships between Verbascum and Rhabdotosperma continue to be contested. The present study aims to present the phylogenetic relationships and status among Verbascum species in the Arabian Peninsula. For phylogenetic analyses, maximum parsimony and Bayesian inference were performed. In total, 236 DNA sequences from 59 specimens of Arabian Verbascum were analysed. The phylogenetic analysis of one nuclear (ITS) and three chloroplastic (rbcL, matK, trnL) markers confirmed the monophyly of Verbascum, including the genus Rhabdotosperma. In addition to presenting novel phylogenetic relationships among the different Verbascum species in the Arabian Peninsula, our study reduced the species count of Arabian Verbascum to 16. Moreover, the phylogenetic analysis strongly supports the reinstatement of the genus Rhabdotosperma into Verbascum based on the Bayesian and maximum parsimony analyses.
Precision unveiled: Synergistic genomic landscapes in breast cancer—Integrating single‐cell analysis and decoding drug toxicity for elite prognostication and tailored therapeutics
Authors: Jiang Chenglu , Zhang Shengke , Jiang Lai , Chen Zipei , Chen Haiqing , Huang Jinbang , Tang Jingyi , Luo Xiufang , Yang Guanhu , Liu Jie , Chi Hao 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundGlobally, breast cancer, with diverse subtypes and prognoses, necessitates tailored therapies for enhanced survival rates. A key focus is glutamine metabolism, governed by select genes. This study explored genes associated with T cells and linked them to glutamine metabolism to construct a prognostic staging index for breast cancer patients for more precise medical treatment.MethodsTwo frameworks, T‐cell related genes (TRG) and glutamine metabolism (GM), stratified breast cancer patients. TRG analysis identified key genes via hdWGCNA and machine learning. T‐cell communication and spatial transcriptomics emphasized TRG's clinical value. GM was defined using Cox analyses and the Lasso algorithm. Scores categorized patients as TRG_high+GM_high (HH), TRG_high+GM_low (HL), TRG_low+GM_high (LH), or TRG_low+GM_low (LL). Similarities between HL and LH birthed a “Mixed” class and the TRG_GM classifier. This classifier illuminated gene variations, immune profiles, mutations, and drug responses.ResultsUtilizing a composite of two distinct criteria, we devised a typification index termed TRG_GM classifier, which exhibited robust prognostic potential for breast cancer patients. Our analysis elucidated distinct immunological attributes across the classifiers. Moreover, by scrutinizing the genetic variations across groups, we illuminated their unique genetic profiles. Insights into drug sensitivity further underscored avenues for tailored therapeutic interventions.ConclusionUtilizing TRG and GM, a robust TRG_GM classifier was developed, integrating clinical indicators to create an accurate predictive diagnostic map. Analysis of enrichment disparities, immune responses, and mutation patterns across different subtypes yields crucial subtype‐specific characteristics essential for prognostic assessment, clinical decision‐making, and personalized therapies. Further exploration is warranted into multiple fusions between metrics to uncover prognostic presentations across various dimensions.
An appraisal of the severity of the 2022 drought and its impacts
Authors: Barker Lucy J. , Hannaford Jamie , Magee Eugene , Turner Stephen , Sefton Catherine , Parry Simon , Evans Jonathan , Szczykulska Magdalena , Haxton Tracey 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe summer of 2022 was particularly notable for the prolonged and extensive hot and dry conditions experienced across the UK. The resultant 2022 drought had widespread impacts and prompted much discussion about the continuing vulnerability of the UK to drought, particularly in the context of anthropogenic warming. Here, we briefly describe the evolution of the drought before focusing on the severity of rainfall, river flow, soil moisture and groundwater level deficits from summer 2022, placing the event into a historical context and addressing the impacts of the drought. We also consider whether the 2022 drought is part of a long‐term trend towards increasing drought severity.