bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phase separation-mediated biomolecular condensates and their relationship to tumor
Authors: Wang Xi , Liu Jiameng , Mao Chaoming , Mao Yufei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPhase separation is a cellular phenomenon where macromolecules aggregate or segregate, giving rise to biomolecular condensates resembling "droplets" and forming distinct, membrane-free compartments. This process is pervasive in biological cells, contributing to various essential cellular functions. However, when phase separation goes awry, leading to abnormal molecular aggregation, it can become a driving factor in the development of diseases, including tumor. Recent investigations have unveiled the intricate connection between dysregulated phase separation and tumor pathogenesis, highlighting its potential as a novel therapeutic target. This article provides an overview of recent phase separation research, with a particular emphasis on its role in tumor, its therapeutic implications, and outlines avenues for further exploration in this intriguing field.
TFEB activation triggers pexophagy for functional adaptation during oxidative stress under calcium deficient-conditions
Authors: Manandhar Laxman , Dutta Raghbendra Kumar , Devkota Pradeep , Chhetri Arun , Wei Xiaofan , Park Channy , Kwon Hyug Moo , Park Raekil 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Calcium is a ubiquitous intracellular messenger that regulates the expression of various genes involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, and motility. The involvement of calcium in diverse metabolic pathways has been suggested. However, the effect of calcium in peroxisomes, which are involved in fatty acid oxidation and scavenges the result reactive oxygen species (ROS), remains elusive. In addition, impaired peroxisomal ROS inhibit the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and promote autophagy. Under stress, autophagy serves as a protective mechanism to avoid cell death. In response to oxidative stress, lysosomal calcium mediates transcription factor EB (TFEB) activation. However, the impact of calcium on peroxisome function and the mechanisms governing cellular homeostasis to prevent diseases caused by calcium deficiency are currently unknown.

Methods
To investigate the significance of calcium in peroxisomes and their roles in preserving cellular homeostasis, we established an in-vitro scenario of calcium depletion.

Results
This study demonstrated that calcium deficiency reduces catalase activity, resulting in increased ROS accumulation in peroxisomes. This, in turn, inhibits mTORC1 and induces pexophagy through TFEB activation. However, treatment with the antioxidant N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) and the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine impeded the nuclear translocation of TFEB and attenuated peroxisome degradation.

Conclusions
Collectively, our study revealed that ROS-mediated TFEB activation triggers pexophagy during calcium deficiency, primarily because of attenuated catalase activity. We posit that calcium plays a significant role in the proper functioning of peroxisomes, critical for fatty-acid oxidation and ROS scavenging in maintaining cellular homeostasis. These findings have important implications for signaling mechanisms in various pathologies, including Zellweger’s syndrome and ageing.
An emergency-department-initiated outreach program for patients with opioid use disorder is associated with an increase in agonist therapy and engagement in addictions care: a one-year cohort study
Authors: Lakkadghatwala Rukaiyah , Lane Daniel , Scheuermeyer Frank , Hilburt Jesse , Buxton Jane , Johnson Cheyenne , Nolan Seonaid , Sutherland Christy , Moe Jessica , Daoust Raoul , Dong Kathryn , Christenson Jim , Miles Isabelle , Orkin Aaron , Whyte Madelyn , Kestler Andrew 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
People with opioid use disorder (OUD) are high-risk for short-term mortality and morbidity. Emergency department (ED) interventions can reduce those risks, but benefits wane without ongoing community follow-up.

Objective
To evaluate an ED-based intensive community outreach program.

Methods
At two urban EDs between October 2019 and March 2020, we enrolled patients with OUD not currently on opioid agonist therapy (OAT) in a prospective cohort study evaluating a one-year intensive community outreach program, which provided ongoing addictions care, housing resources, and community support. We surveyed patients at intake and at scheduled outreach encounters at one, two, six, and twelve months. Follow-up surveys assessed OAT uptake, addictions care engagement, housing status, quality of life scores, illicit opioid use, and outreach helpfulness. We used descriptive statistics for each period and conducted sensitivity and subgroup analyses to account for missing data.

Results
Of 84 baseline participants, 29% were female and 32% were housed, with a median age of 33. Sixty participants (71%) completed at least one follow-up survey. Survey completion rates were 37%, 38%, 39%, and 40% respectively at one, two, six, and twelve months. Participants had a median of three outreach encounters. Among respondents, OAT was 0% at enrolment and ranged from 38% to 56% at follow-up; addictions care engagement was 22% at enrolment and ranged from 65% to 81% during follow-up; and housing was 40% at enrolment and ranged from 48% to 59% during follow-up. Improvements from baseline to follow-up occurred for all time periods. OAT and engagement in care benefits were maintained in sensitivity and subgroup analyses. Respondents rated the outreach program as helpful at all time periods,

Conclusion
An ED-initiated intensive outreach program for patients with OUD not yet on OAT was associated with a persistent increase in OAT use and engagement in care, as well as housing.
Socioeconomic inequalities in child and adolescent mental health in Australia: the role of parenting style and parents’ relationships
Authors: Gautam Nirmal , Rahman Mohammad Mafizur , Hashmi Rubayyat , Lim Apiradee , Khanam Rasheda 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Socioeconomic inequalities in health and their determinants have been studied extensively over the past few decades. However, the role of parenting style and parents’ couple relationships in explaining mental health inequalities is limited. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the distributional impact of parenting style (angry parenting, consistent parenting, and inductive parenting) and parents’ couple relationships (e.g., argumentative, happy relationships) on socioeconomic inequalities and by extension on mental health status of Australian children and adolescents.

Methods
This study utilized data from the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (Waves 1–7), specifically focusing on intact biological parent families, while excluding single-parent and blended-family households. We applied the decomposition index and the Blinder Oaxaca method to investigate the extent of the contribution and temporal impact of parenting style and parents’ couple relationships on the mental health status of Australian children and adolescents.

Results
This study revealed that poor parenting style is the single most important factor that leads to developing mental health difficulties in children and adolescents, especially from low socioeconomic status, and it contributes almost 52% to socioeconomic inequalities in mental health status. Conversely, household income, maternal education, employment status, and parents’ couple relationships contributed 28.04%, 10.67%, 9.28%, and 3.34%, respectively, to mental health inequalities in children and adolescents.

Conclusion
Overall, this study underscores the importance of parenting style and parents’ couple relationships as significant predictors of mental health outcomes in children and adolescents. These results highlight the need for targeted interventions to support families from low socioeconomic backgrounds to address the significant mental health inequalities observed in the study population.
Efficacy of functional magnetic resonance imaging-guided personalized repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (fMRI-rTMS) in depressive patients with emotional blunting: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zhang Yuyu , Tang Nailong , Lei Lei , Lv Runxin , Zhang Yaochi , Liu Nian , Chen Haixia , Cai Min , Wang Huaning 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Emotional blunting is a symptom that has always been present in depressed patients. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a safe and effective supplementary therapy for treating depression. However, the effectiveness and brain imaging processes of functional magnetic resonance imaging-guided personalized rTMS (fMRI-rTMS) in the treatment of depression with emotional blunting have not been observed in randomized controlled trials.

Methods
This study is a randomized, controlled, double-blind, and single-center clinical trial in which 80 eligible depressed patients with emotional blunting will be randomly assigned to two groups: a functional magnetic resonance imaging-guided personalized rTMS (fMRI-rTMS) group and a control group. Individuals in the fMRI-rTMS group (n = 40) will receive high-frequency rTMS (10 Hz, 120% MT). The main target of stimulation will be the area most relevant to the functional connectivity of the right medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and amygdala. The control group (n = 40) will receive sham stimulation, with a coil flipped to 90 degrees relative to the vertical scalp. All patients will receive 15 consecutive days of treatment, with each session lasting half an hour per day, followed by 8 weeks of follow-up. The primary outcome is the comparison of Oxford Depression Questionnaire (ODQ) scores between these two groups at different time points. The secondary outcomes include evaluating other clinical scales and assessing the differences in brain imaging changes between the two groups before and after treatment.

Discussion
This trial aims to examine the effects of functional magnetic resonance imaging-guided personalized rTMS (fMRI-rTMS) intervention on depressed patients experiencing emotional blunting and to elucidate the potential mechanism behind it. The results will provide new evidence for using fMRI-rTMS in treating depression with emotional blunting in the future.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov INCT05555940. Registered on 13 September 2022 at http://clinicaltrials.gov.
Edge intelligence-assisted animation design with large models: a survey
Authors: Zhu Jing , Hu Chuanjiang , Khezri Edris , Ghazali Mohd Mustafa Mohd 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe integration of edge intelligence (EI) in animation design, particularly when dealing with large models, represents a significant advancement in the field of computer graphics and animation. This survey aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state and future prospects of EI-assisted animation design, focusing on the challenges and opportunities presented by large model implementations. Edge intelligence, characterized by its decentralized processing and real-time data analysis capabilities, offers a transformative approach to handling the computational and data-intensive demands of modern animation. This paper explores various aspects of EI in animation and then delves into the specifics of large models in animation, examining their evolution, current trends, and the inherent challenges in their implementation. Finally, the paper addresses the challenges and solutions in integrating EI with large models in animation, proposing future research directions. This survey serves as a valuable resource for researchers, animators, and technologists, offering insights into the potential of EI in revolutionizing animation design and opening new avenues for creative and efficient animation production.
Algorithms of the Möbius function by random forests and neural networks
Authors: Qin Huan , Ye Yangbo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe Möbius function$$\mu (n)$$μ(n)is known for containing limited information on the prime factorization ofn. Its known algorithms, however, are all based on factorization and hence are exponentially slow on$$\log n$$logn. Consequently, a faster algorithm of$$\mu (n)$$μ(n)could potentially lead to a fast algorithm of prime factorization which in turn would throw doubt upon the security of most public-key cryptosystems. This research introduces novel approaches to compute$$\mu (n)$$μ(n)using random forests and neural networks, harnessing the additive properties of$$\mu (n)$$μ(n). The machine learning models are trained on a substantial dataset with 317,284 observations (80%), comprising five feature variables, including values ofnwithin the range of$$4\times 10^9$$4×109. We implement the Random Forest with Random Inputs (RFRI) and Feedforward Neural Network (FNN) architectures. The RFRI model achieves a predictive accuracy of 0.9493, a recall of 0.5865, and a precision of 0.6626. On the other hand, the FNN model attains a predictive accuracy of 0.7871, a recall of 0.9477, and a precision of 0.2784. These results strongly support the effectiveness and validity of the proposed algorithms.
Descending necrotizing mediastinitis with esophageal perforation and tracheal ulcer: a case report and literature review
Authors: Norimatsu Yu , Enomoto Naoki , Kato Daiki , Yagi Shusuke , Nohara Kyoko , Yamada Kazuhiko , Kokudo Norihiro 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Descending necrotizing mediastinitis (DNM) is a rare and life-threatening condition, with high morbidity and mortality. Consequently, appropriate and prompt diagnosis and treatment are necessary. Herein, we report a case of esophageal perforation and bronchial ulcer secondary to DNM, for which thoracoscopic esophagectomy was performed after the failure of conservative treatment.

Case presentation
A 63-year-old man was diagnosed with mediastinitis affecting the posterior mediastinum after presenting with a sore throat, back pain, and dyspnea. He also had type 2 diabetes mellitus and renal failure. The patient developed septic shock the following day, and intensive treatment was initiated. The condition of the patient gradually improved; however, the laboratory data revealed that levels of C-reactive protein remained high. On day 22, the esophageal perforation was demonstrated on esophagogastroduodenoscopy. Bronchoscopy was remarkable for the ulcer on the membranous tracheal wall, though he did not go into respiratory failure. The emergency thoracoscopic esophagectomy was performed on day 27. The reconstruction surgery was performed on day 100.

Conclusions
Despite the fact that the general condition is stable with conservative treatment, DNM can develop esophageal perforation. Thus, it is essential to determine the appropriate timing of surgical intervention if levels of inflammation markers continue to be high.
King Learand the Irony of Capacity
Authors: Kuzner James 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis essay considers the relation between lyric utterance, dramatic irony, and intellectual disability in King Lear, particularly in Lear’s famous address to Cordelia—which begins with “Come, let’s away”—just before Edmund sends both to prison. Reading “Come, let’s away” alongside early modern prison literature, the essay argues that the speech’s work as lyric within tragic drama erodes dramatic irony, removing the audience from the superior knowledge position that such irony affords and that enables ableist perspectives to begin with. In shifting attention from tragic action to lyric power, Lear’s speech renders the ability and willingness to understand one’s situation, and to act efficaciously in that situation, irrelevant to accessing what is beautiful and true. Shakespeare thus separates the question of mental capacity from that of felicitous choice. The irony of capacity in “Come, let’s away,” then, is this: that when readers focus on the value of mental capacity and on the power over action that Lear lacks, they miss what his speech does, the lyric capacity that it has.
Impact of Unplanned Readmission on Patient-Reported Outcomes After Cervical Spine Surgery: A National Study of 13 355 Patients
Authors: Pennings Jacquelyn S. , Chanbour Hani , Croft Andrew J. , Vaughan Wilson E. , Khan Inamullah , Davidson Claudia , Bydon Mohammad , Asher Anthony L. , Archer Kristin R. , Gardocki Raymond J. , Berkman Richard A. , Abtahi Amir M. , Stephens Byron F. , Zuckerman Scott L. 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Although risk factors for unplanned readmission after cervical spine surgery have been widely reported, less is known about how readmission itself affects patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). Using the Quality Outcomes Database registry of patients undergoing elective cervical spine surgery, we sought to (1) determine the impact of unplanned readmission on PROMs and (2) compare the effect of specific readmission reasons on PROMs.METHODS:An observational study was performed using a multi-institution, retrospective registry for patients undergoing cervical spine surgery. The occurrence of 90-day unplanned readmission classified into medical, surgical, pain only, and no readmissions was the exposure variable. Outcome variables included 12-month PROMs of Neck Disability Index (NDI), Numeric Rating Scale (NRS)-neck/arm pain, EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D), and patient dissatisfaction. Multivariable models predicting each PROM were built using readmission reasons controlling for demographics, clinical characteristics, and preoperative PROMs.RESULTS:Data from 13 355 patients undergoing elective cervical spine surgery (82% anterior approach and 18% posterior approach) were analyzed. Unplanned readmission within 90 days of surgery occurred in 3.8% patients, including medical (1.6%), surgical (1.8%), and pain (0.3%). Besides medical reasons, wound infection/dehiscence was the most common reason for unplanned readmission for the total cohort (0.5%), dysphagia in the anterior approach (0.6%), and wound infection/dehiscence in the posterior approach (1.5%). Based on multivariable regression, surgical readmission was significantly associated with worse 12-month NDI, NRS-neck pain, NRS-arm pain, EQ-5D, and higher odds of dissatisfaction. Pain readmissions were associated with worse 12-month NDI and NRS-neck pain scores, and worse dissatisfaction. For specific readmission reasons, pain, surgical site infection/wound dehiscence, hematoma/seroma, revision surgery, deep vein thrombosis, and pulmonary embolism were significantly associated with worsened 12-month PROMs.CONCLUSION:In patients undergoing elective cervical spine surgery, 90-day unplanned surgical and pain readmissions were associated with worse 12-month PROMs compared with patients with medical readmissions and no readmissions.
Climate Regulation and Emissions Abatement: Theory and Evidence from Firms’ Disclosures
Authors: Ramadorai Tarun , Zeni Federica 
Published: February 2024

We measure firms’ beliefs about climate regulation, plans for future abatement, and current emissions mitigation from responses to the Carbon Disclosure Project. These measures vary strikingly around the Paris announcement. A dynamic model of a representative firm facing a future carbon levy, trading off abatement and capital growth, and facing convex adjustment costs cannot fit the data. A two-firm model with crossfirm reputational externalities, heterogeneous beliefs over climate regulation, and leader-follower interactions does. Out of sample, the model predicts firms’ reactions when the United States exits the Paris agreement. Firms’ beliefs about climate regulation strongly affect abatement, and crossfirm interactions amplify regulatory impacts. This paper was accepted by Victoria Ivashina, finance. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2021.00482 .
Disclosure, Materiality Thresholds, and the Cost of Capital: Evidence from Federal Open Market Committee Announcements
Authors: Dambra Michael , Velikov Mihail , Weber Joseph 
Published: February 2024

We examine how managers’ disclosure decisions vary in response to monetary policy shocks. Specifically, we examine the extent to which firms issue Forms 8-K, press releases, and management forecasts following unexpected changes to the target federal funds rate. We find consistent evidence that unexpected decreases (increases) in the Federal Open Market Committee target rate lead to larger increases (decreases) in disclosure by firms that are more sensitive to monetary policy shocks. Furthermore, the disclosure response to target rate surprises is concentrated in Form 8-K items that require a materiality-based decision and hold when we examine a sample of M&A-participating firms. Extended tests show that our results are not attributable to changes in the cost of capital leading to increased disclosure because firms are simultaneously raising capital or hyping their stock. Overall, our results are consistent with arguments raised in recent research papers that changes in cost of capital influence firms’ materiality thresholds, which can affect their decision to disclose. This paper was accepted by Suraj Srinivasan, accounting. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2021.01896 .
Dynamic Contracting in Asset Management Under the Investor-Partner-Manager Relationship
Authors: Keppo Jussi , Touzi Nizar , Zuo Ruiting 
Published: February 2024

Navigating the Complex Web of Incentives in Asset Management: A Study on Investor, Partner, and Manager Dynamics In a recent study titled “Dynamic Contracting in Asset Management Under the Investor-Partner-Manager Relationship,” the researchers delve into the intricate world of incentives in asset management. The focus is on the complex interplay of actions and relationships among three key players: an investor, an investment company partner, and a fund manager. This study uniquely explores the challenges of incentive contracts in an environment where the actions of these individuals are not fully observable to each other. It introduces a hierarchical contracting framework to understand the dynamics under the hidden actions. For instance, the research reveals how the optimal action of the manager is influenced by the cost of the partner’s actions and extends the analysis to scenarios involving multiple managers. This work sheds light on the often hidden intricacies of asset management, providing valuable perspectives for the different players’ collaborative efforts for optimal outcomes in this industry.
Multiple sclerosis infusion service during the pandemic: service improvement
Authors: Magill Fiona , Ramsay Stephen , McDonnell Gavin , Hughes Stella 
Published: February 2024

Background: Providing care to multiple sclerosis (MS) patients posed a challenge during the COVID-19 pandemic. Surge plans necessitated an abrupt change of facility for the infusion service, from an acute to a non-acute site. Aims: To assess patient satisfaction with the MS infusion service at a new location supervised by MS specialist nurses, in comparison with previous arrangements. Methods: Collection of anonymous patient surveys to assess patient demographics and levels of satisfaction across various service domains. Findings: Overall, 97% recorded a satisfaction score of ≥8/10. Key areas of improvement included difficulty parking, difficulty accessing the unit, appointment punctuality and comfort. Thematic analysis revealed several key improvement areas such as access to MS nursing knowledge, cannulation and punctuality. Conclusion: The urgently relocated service, with better access and specialist nursing input, was associated with improvements in patient experience. Despite unprecedented pressures, unique opportunities resulted in an overall improvement to the MS infusion service.