bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Prognostic Factors and Establishment of a Nomogram to Predict Risk for COVID-19 Convalescent Patients Based on Metabolomic and Lipidomic
Authors: Wang Anzhu , Yang Yingying , Peng Miao , Tian Chuanxi , Lv Yi , Huang Jingjing , Ke Jingwen , Ouyang Kani , Wang Jingzhi , Shao Zuoyu , Xiao Mingzhong , Li Xiaodong , Zhang Qing , Zhao Linhua , Tong Xiaolin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Ethnopharmacological relevance:
Qimai Feiluoping Mixture (QM) is a traditional Chinese herbal formulation that has demonstrated efficacy in improving both clinical symptoms and radiological indications of pulmonary fibrosis in patients convalescing from Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Aim of the study:
To analyze factors associated with the prognosis of COVID-19 patients. It seeks to develop and validate a nomogram based on metabolomic and lipidomic for predicting improvements in lung imaging in COVID-19 patients. Additionally, the study evaluates the clinical application value of this nomogram.
Methods and materials:
A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of COVID-19 recovery patients from January 2020 to April 2022. Non-targeted metabolomic and lipidomic plasma analysis of the patients were performed using LC-MS and normal phase (NP)-HPLC coupled with mass spectrometry. Patients were divided into training and validation sets in a 7:3 ratio based on their omics data. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify independent risk factors associated with the recovery of lung imaging. Based on these factors, a nomogram prediction model was developed. The efficacy of the model was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and calibration curves. In addition, decision curve analysis (DCA) was performed to assess the performance of the predictive model in clinical applications.
Results
The use of QM was found to be associated with the recovery of lung imaging in COVID-19 patients (P < 0.05). Among the 75 metabolites detected in the metabolomic test and 32 lipids identified in the lipidomic test, Pro Ser Ser Val, PC36:1(18:0_18:1), and BMP36:3(18:2_18:1) were utilized for constructing the predictive model. The model demonstrated good discriminative ability, with an Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.821 (95% CI: 0.718–0.924) in the training set and 0.808 (95% CI: 0.627–0.989) in the validation set. The calibration curves indicated good agreement between predicted probabilities and actual probabilities in both the training and validation sets. Finally, the DCA curve suggested that the model has good clinical utility.
Conclusion
The utilization of QM may beneficially influence the recovery of lung imaging in patients with COVID-19. A straightforward nomogram, developed based on metabolomic and lipidomic, could be a valuable tool for clinicians to predict the likelihood of lung imaging recovery in COVID-19 patients.
Deep learning models for predicting the survival of patients with medulloblastoma based on a surveillance, epidemiology, and end results analysis
Authors: Sun Meng , Sun Jikui , Li Meng 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Medulloblastoma is a malignant neuroepithelial tumor of the central nervous system. Accurate prediction of prognosis is essential for therapeutic decisions in medulloblastoma patients. Several prognostic models have been developed using multivariate Cox regression to predict the1-, 3- and 5-year survival of medulloblastoma patients, but few studies have investigated the results of integrating deep learning algorithms. Compared to simplifying predictions into binary classification tasks, modelling the probability of an event as a function of time by combining it with deep learning may provide greater accuracy and flexibility.
Methods
Patients diagnosed with medulloblastoma between 2000 and 2019 were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registry. Three models—one based on neural networks (DeepSurv), one based on ensemble learning (random survival forest [RSF]), and a typical Cox proportional-hazards (CoxPH) model—were selected for training. The dataset was randomly divided into training and testing datasets in a 7:3 ratio. The model performance was evaluated utilizing the concordance index (C-index), Brier score and integrated Brier score (IBS). The accuracy of predicting 1-, 3- and 5- year survival was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC), and the area under the ROC curves (AUC).
Results
The 2,322 patients with medulloblastoma enrolled in the study were randomly divided into the training cohort (70%, n = 1,625) and the test cohort (30%, n = 697). There was no statistically significant difference in clinical characteristics between the two cohorts (p > 0.05). We performed Cox proportional hazards regression on the data from the training cohort, which illustrated that age, race, tumour size, histological type, surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy were significant factors influencing survival (p < 0.05). The Deepsurv outperformed the RSF and classic CoxPH models with C-indexes of 0.763 and 0.751 for the training and test datasets. The DeepSurv model showed better accuracy in predicting 1-, 3- and 5-year survival (AUC: 0.805–0.838).
Conclusion
The predictive model based on a deep learning algorithm that we have developed can exactly predict the survival rate and duration of medulloblastoma.
Improvements in well-being following naturalistic psychedelic use and underlying mechanisms of change in older adults: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Kettner Hannes , Roseman Leor , Gazzaley Adam , Carhart-Harris Robin , Pasquini Lorenzo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Affective symptoms such as anxiety, low mood, and loneliness are prevalent and highly debilitating symptoms among older adults (OA). Serotonergic psychedelics are novel experimental interventions for affective disorders, yet little is known regarding their effects in OA. Using a prospective cohort design, we identified 62 OA (age ≥ 60 years) and 62 matched younger adults (YA) who completed surveys two weeks before, and one day, two weeks, four weeks, and six months after a guided psychedelic group session in a retreat setting. Mixed linear regression analyses revealed significant well-being improvements in OA and YA, amplified in OA with a history of a psychiatric diagnosis. Compared to YA, acute subjective psychedelic effects were attenuated in OA and did not significantly predict well-being changes. However, a psychosocial measure ofCommunitasemerged as a predictor in OA, suggesting that the relational components in psychedelic group settings may hold particular value for OA.
Targeted piperine-coated zinc oxide nanoparticle induces the biofilm inhibition of dental pathogens and apoptosis of oral cancer through the BCL-2/BAX/P53 signaling pathway
Authors: Shaik Mohammed Rafi , Kandaswamy Karthikeyan , Guru Ajay , Khan Haroon , Giri Jayant , Mallik Saurav , Shah Mohd Asif , Arockiaraj Jesu 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Dental pathogens, encompassing bacteria, viruses, and fungi, are pivotal in the development of oral health issues such as tooth decay, gum disease, and oral infections. Interestingly, recent research suggests a potential interconnection between dental pathogens and oral cancer, with evidence implicating certain oral pathogens in the initiation and progression of oral malignancies. Given the rising concern of antibiotic resistance and the limitations of conventional treatments, there is a compelling need for innovative therapeutic approaches.
Methods
The research involved the synthesis and analysis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) facilitated by piperine (PIP). Various techniques including UV spectroscopy, SEM, XRD, FTIR, and EDAX were employed to confirm their chemical composition and structural characteristics. Evaluations were conducted on the antioxidant and antimicrobial effectiveness of ZnO-PIP NPs through DPPH, ABTS, and MIC assays. Furthermore, cell viability and regulation of apoptotic gene expression on KB oral squamous carcinoma cells after the treatment were assessed to identify the potential anticancer properties of the ZnO-PIP NPs
Results
ZnO-PIP NPs showed significant antioxidant activity in both DPPH and ABTS assays, indicating their potential as potent scavengers of free radicals. The identified MIC of 50 μg/mL against dental pathogens highlighted the strong antimicrobial properties of ZnO-PIP NPs. Moreover, interaction analysis revealed the high binding affinity and complex amino acid interactions between ZnO-PIP NPs and receptors on dental pathogens. Additionally, in terms of anticancer activity, ZnO-PIP NPs exhibited a dose-dependent response against Human Oral Epidermal Carcinoma KB cells at concentrations ranging from 5 μg/mL to 100 μg/mL. Furthermore, ZnO-PIP NPs treatment increased the upregulation of crucial apoptotic genes, including BCL2, BAX, and P53, within the KB cells, unraveling the intricate mechanism of apoptotic activity.
Conclusions
This approach offers a multifaceted solution to combatting both oral infections and cancer, showcasing their potential for significant advancement in oral healthcare.
Obstetric outcomes of patients with inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Tondreau Ambre , Breuval Coraline , Gondry Jean , Fumery Mathurin , Foulon Arthur 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are frequently diagnosed between the ages of 20 and 40, i.e. the most fertile period for women. The potential impact of IBD on pregnancy is therefore a frequent issue.
Study objective: To determine the impact of disease activity during pregnancy on the obstetric prognosis of women with IBD.
Methods: Gastroenterological and obstetric data were collected for patients for all consecutive patients with IBD and pregnancy followed up at Amiens University Hospital (Amiens, France) between 2007 and 2021. Obstetrics outcome of patients with and without active disease were compared.
Results: One hundred patients were included (81 with Crohn’s Disease for 198 pregnancies, 19 with Ulcerative Colitis for 37 pregnancies). Patients with active IBD (21 patients, 24 pregnancies) were more likely to be admitted to hospital during pregnancy (66.6%, vs. 5.2% in the inactive IBD group; p<0.001), to give birth prematurely (mean term: 36.77 weeks of amenorrhoea (WA) vs. 38.7 WA, respectively; p=0.02) and to experience very premature delivery (before 32 WA: 12.5% vs. 1.4%, respectively; p=0.02). Patients with active disease had a shorter term at birth (38.4 WA, vs. 39.8 WA in the inactive disease group; p<0.0001), a lower birth weight (2707 g vs. 3129 g, respectively; p=0.01) and higher caesarean section rate (54.2% vs. 16.9%, respectively; p=0.03).
Conclusion: Women with IBD patients are at risk of pregnancy related complications, especially when IBD is active. Controlling disease activity at conception and close monitoring of the pregnancy is essential to improve both gastroenterological and obstetric outcome.
Generalization of Chapman-Kolmogorov equation to two coupled processes
Authors: Motahari H. , Noudehi M. Ghanbarzadeh , Jamali T. , Jafari G. R. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Real-world processes often display a prolonged memory, which extends beyond the single-step dependency characteristic of Markov processes. In addition, the current state of an empirical process is often not only influenced by its own past but also by the past states of other dependent processes. This study introduces the generalized version of the Chapman-Kolmogorov equation (CKE) to estimate the memory size in such scenarios. To assess the applicability of our approach, we generate coupled time series with predetermined memory lengths using the autoregressive model. The results show a high degree of accuracy in measuring memory lengths. Subsequently, we employ the generalized CKE to analyze cryptocurrency data as a real-world case study. Our results indicate that the past dynamics of cryptocurrencies significantly impact their current states, thereby highlighting interdependencies among them. The method proposed in this study can be also utilized in forecasting coupled time series.
Continuity and Volume of Bone Cement and Anti Osteoporosis Treatment were Guarantee of Good Clinical Outcomes for Percutaneous Vertebroplasty: a Multicentre Study
Authors: Cheng Zhen , Ren Guangzong , Li Ziyi , Gao Xianda , Zhang Di , Chen Guiyue 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background:
As the most prevalent fragility fracture caused by osteoporosis, increasing attention was paid to vertebral compression fractures (VCF) day by day. Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) had unique advantages in treatment of VCF and was used widely. Researching how to improving surgical efficacy and decreasing postoperative residual was able to benefit more patients. The purpose of our study was to seek for those associated factors with good clinical outcomes after PVP and provide evidence for improving surgical efficacy.
Material and Methods:
186 patients who underwent PVP from January 2021 to January 2023 were reviewed retrospectively in the study. The patients were divided into two groups according to clinical outcomes. Preoperative general data and surgical data were collected for statistical analysis. Multivariate logistic regression analysis and the receiver operating characteristic curve were used to identify the associated factors with good clinical outcomes.
Results:
There were statistically significant differences between two groups in volume of bone cement (p=0.012), standardized treatment for osteoporosis (p=0.004)and bone cement continuity (p=0.006). The associated factors with good clinical outcomes after PVP were continuous bone cement (OR=2.237, 95% CI=1.191-4.201, p=0.012), standardized treatment for osteoporosis (OR=2.105, 95% CI=1.089-4.068, p=0.027) and volume of bone cement >5.5ml (OR=1.271, 95% CI=1.023-1.579, p=0.030).
Conclusion:
PVP effectively released the back pain of patients and was worthy of promotion. However, postoperative residual pain was an important factor that reduced the clinical outcomes. Continuous bone cement, Injected bone cement >5.5ml and tandardized treatment for osteoporosis were guarantee of good clinical outcomes for PVP
YOLO-EMS: A Lightweight Object Detection Algorithm for Remote Sensing Images
Authors: Sun Yong , Wang Jianzhong , You Yu , Zhang Sheng , Yu Zibo , Peng Yiguo , Bian Shaobo , Wang Endi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Remote sensing images generally have characteristics such as changes in target direction, multi-scale target size, and dense target distribution, which make target detection in remote sensing images a challenging task. In addition, owing to the limited computing resources of detection platforms, such as drones, it is difficult to deploy detectors with large parameter quantities. This study proposes a lightweight object detection algorithm for remote sensing images called YOLO-EMS, which can ensure real-time detection while improving the detection performance of the model. First, Ghost Convolution (GhostConv) is applied to replace the traditional convolution in backbone networks. In addition, Efficient Multi-Scale Convolution modules (EMSConv) and Extended-EMSC (E-EMSConv) were proposed, which were combined with C2f modules to form EMSC-C2f, and E-EMSC-C2f was used to reduce the model size. Finally, we propose a novel bounding box regression loss function Normalized Corner Distance IoU (NCDIoU), which improves the accuracy of object detection. We compared and tested our proposed convolution module with other mainstream modules and attention mechanisms on the remote sensing image dataset RSOD, and found that our mAP50 increased by a maximum of 11.4\%. In addition, we also conducted ablation experiments on the DIOR and PASCAL VOC datasets, and our algorithm improved by 0.8\% and 0.5\% compared to YOLOv8n on mAP50. It reduces the number of parameters and FLOPs by 10.8\% and 7.4\%, respectively. Finally, we compare the proposed algorithm with other lightweight networks. Our model reduces FLOPs by up to 60.3\%, parameters by 77.9\%, and improves mAP by up to 9.5\% and 13.0\% in the DIOR and PASCAL VOC datasets, respectively.
Hispanic Housing Disparities and its relationship with asthma
Authors: Carrillo Genny , Dominguez Nina Mendez , Rangel Alejandro Moreno 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Introduction.
Asthma is a chronic relapsing condition whose successful treatment is impacted by the spacing between exacerbations. Still, such spacing may not be optimal when the built environment enhances the risk for increased frequency and severity of symptoms.
Objective.
In this study, we analyzed the relationship between the severity and frequency of asthma symptoms in a sample of children and the built environment in which they lived.
Materials and methods.
Our study is based on a cross-sectional analytical study involving 353 individuals, their parents, and their homes. The descriptive statistics reported include frequencies and percentages for multinominal variables and explore the associations between severe presentation and each symptom using logistic regression modeling conducted using Stata 14.
Results.
Most participants reported low-income levels and lived in houses owned and inhabited by a single family. We also found that houses located near agricultural fields and conditions inside the house, including moisture, stuffed toys, and having pets inside the room, were associated with the onset of asthma symptomatology.
Conclusions.
The built environment is relevant to children with asthma, particularly those with an allergenic component. Families living near agricultural fields must be aware of an increased risk of the onset of severe symptoms and that having pets in the room was correlated with higher levels of symptom onset, including negative impacts on sleep quality. The presence of indoor furniture, carpets, curtains, and any other objects that accumulate dust may exacerbate symptoms, as those elements favor an increase in the concentration of allergens inside the house.
Transient response of parabolic antenna system: Electromagnetic coupling modelization in time and space domains based on TD-EFIE equations
Authors: Khaled Auns , Omri Dorsaf , Aguili Taoufik 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This paper introduces efficient Time-Domain techniques utilizing the Method of Moments to predict the electromagnetic behaviors of a communication system , invoking the coupling between these components. The system is composed of a parabolic antenna and a wire antenna. To render the problem manageable mathematically, an accurate Time-Domain Electric Field Integral Equations are formulated based on the boundary conditions for modeling the electromagnetic coupling between two antennas. Then, the Method of Moments is employed in both spatial and temporal domains to solve the TD-EFIE developed system. In the temporal domain, the unknown coefficients temporal component is represented as a linear combination of Laguerre functions. In space domain, we use an adequate hybrid mesh technique giving a stable result. The antennas are placed at various distances to observe the coupling impact. Transient responses of our system depending on the separation distance are evaluated and the transient current densities on each antenna are presented.
Low-dose caffeine consumption is a valuable strategy for increasing time to exhaustion, explosive power, and reducing muscle soreness in professional male kickboxers
Authors: Saremi Maziar , Shahriari Fatemeh , Hemmatinafar Mohammad , Rezaei Rasoul , Niknam Alireza , Nordvall Michael , Wong Alexei , Suzuki Katsuhiko , Bagheri Reza 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of acute caffeine supplementation of varied doses on kickboxing athletes' performance indices and perceived muscle pain.
Methods: Twelve kickboxing athletes participated in 3 exercise sessions and caffeine supplementation comprising doses of 3 mg/kg (C3), 6 mg/kg (C6), or 3- placebo (PLA) with a one-week wash-out period between exercise trials. The supplement was taken 60 minutes before each exercise session. In each session, the subjects first performed the vertical jump, Wingate anaerobic test and after a 45-minute break, performed the Bruce maximal aerobic test and the maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max), oxygen consumption equivalent to ventilation threshold (VT2), Time-to-exhaustion (TTE), Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE), relative peak power (RPP), relative mean power (RMP), relative lowest power (RLP) and the Wingite Fatigue Index (WFI) after Bruce test were examined.
Results: Consumption of C3 or C6 significantly increased the TTE following treadmill testing (p<0.05), but had no effect on the WFI (p> 0.05). Compared to PLA, the consumption of C3 and C6 significantly increased vertical jump (p<0.05). C3 significantly increases the RPP (p <0.05), whereas C6 did not (p> 0.05) during the Wingate Test. Muscle soreness after two hours (Ms2) showed a significant decrease after C6 supplementation compared to C3 and PLA (p<0.05). In contrast, no significant effect was observed on the VO2max, %VO2max at ventilatory threshold 2, and RPE (p>0.05).
Conclusion: In conclusion, acute consumption of low to moderate doses of caffeine induces relative improvements in anaerobic and lower-body muscular power, muscle soreness, and TTE in male kickboxing athletes.
Misdiagnosis of Suture Anchor Prolapse at the Distal Phalanx of the Little Finger and MRI confirmations: A case report and literature review
Authors: Alhaskawi Ahmad , Zhou Haiying , Ezzi Sohaib , Kota Vishnu , Abdulla Hasan , Abdalbary Sahar Ahmed , Lu Hui , Dong Yanzhao 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Suture anchors have gained widespread use in medical practice due to their numerous benefits. However, they are also linked with specific complications, including prolapse. In this article, we present a case report of suture anchor prolapse occurring at the base of the distal phalanx of the little finger.
Case Presentation
The patient complained of stiffness and pain upon physical examination. X-ray imaging revealed a high probability of either distal phalanx fracture or tendon adhesion. However, given the lack of a definitive diagnosis, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed, which indicated bone connectivity between the middle and distal phalanges with patchy high signal shadow, unclear boundaries, and a regular finger shape. Consequently, MRI is considered a superior diagnostic modality for avoiding the misdiagnosis of prolapsed suture anchors.
Accurate and timely diagnosis is crucial for effective management of these conditions, and the use of MRI may aid in facilitating prompt and appropriate treatment.
Conclusion
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of its kind. Surgical intervention was subsequently performed, which confirmed the findings of the MRI.
Magnetic microspheres based on glycidyl methacrylate and divinylbenzene modified with different amines for removing chromium VI from aqueous media
Authors: Formiga Washington José Fernandes , Silva Manoel Ribeiro , Cunha Henrique Almeida , Ferreira Ivana Lourenço Mello , Costa Marcos Antonio Silva , Castanharo Jacira Aparecida 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Magnetic microspheres of poly(glycidyl methacrylate-co-divinylbenzene) were produced via suspension polymerization. These microspheres were functionalized with ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine and triethylenetetramine. Microspheres with good morphological control and superparamagnetic behavior were obtained. The Cr (VI) adsorption by the amino functionalized microspheres was pH dependent, achieving better removal results at pH 2. The adsorptive process was best described by the pseudo-second order model. The model confirmed that chemisorption is the main mechanism of adsorption control. The equilibrium isotherm study indicated the best suitability for the Langmuir model. The maximum sorption capacity was 77.35 mg. g− 1 from the microsphere functionalized with diethylenetriamine, at pH 2, 318.15 K. The adsorbents had ΔH around 40–45 kJ / mol and ΔS between 148–159 J / mol.K. The results indicated an endothermic process, of chemical nature, and with negative ΔG values.