bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ribosome‐inactivating proteins isolated from dietary bitter melon induce apoptosis and inhibit histone deacetylase‐1 selectively in premalignant and malignant prostate cancer cells
Authors: Xiong Su Dao , Yu Kang , Liu Xin Hua , Yin Li Hui , Kirschenbaum Alexander , Yao Shen , Narla Goutham , DiFeo Analisa , Wu Jian Buo , Yuan Yong , Ho Shuk‐Mei , Lam Ying Wai , Levine Alice C. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractEpidemiologic evidence suggests that a diet rich in fruits and vegetables is associated with a reduced risk of prostate cancer (PCa) development. Although several dietary compounds have been tested in preclinical PCa prevention models, no agents have been identified that either prevent the progression of premalignant lesions or treat advanced disease. Momordica charantia, known as bitter melon in English, is a plant that grows in tropical areas worldwide and is both eaten as a vegetable and used for medicinal purposes. We have isolated a protein, designated as MCP30, from bitter melon seeds. The purified fraction was verified by SDS‐PAGE and mass spectrometry to contain only 2 highly related single chain Type I ribosome‐inactivating proteins (RIPs), α‐momorcharin and β‐momorcharin. MCP30 induces apoptosis in PIN and PCa cell lines in vitro and suppresses PC‐3 growth in vivo with no effect on normal prostate cells. Mechanistically, MCP30 inhibits histone deacetylase‐1 (HDAC‐1) activity and promotes histone‐3 and ‐4 protein acetylation. Treatment with MCP30 induces PTEN expression in a prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) and PCa cell lines resulting in inhibition of Akt phosphorylation. In addition, MCP30 inhibits Wnt signaling activity through reduction of nuclear accumulation of β‐catenin and decreased levels of c‐Myc and Cyclin‐D1. Our data indicate that MCP30 selectively induces PIN and PCa apoptosis and inhibits HDAC‐1 activity. These results suggest that Type I RIPs derived from plants are HDAC inhibitors that can be utilized in the prevention and treatment of prostate cancer. © 2009 UICC
Effects of dietary factors and the NAT2 acetylator status on gastric cancer in Koreans
Authors: Zhang Yan Wei , Eom Sang‐Yong , Kim Yong‐Dae , Song Young‐Jin , Yun Hyo‐Yung , Park Joo‐Seung , Youn Sei‐Jin , Kim Byung Sik , Kim Heon , Hein David W. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractEnvironmental dietary carcinogens and genetic polymorphisms in metabolic enzymes have been reported to be the risk factors for gastric cancer. This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of the diet, the N‐acetyltransferase (NAT) 2 acetylation status and their interaction on gastric cancer risk. The study population consisted of 471 gastric cancer patients and 471 age‐ and sex‐matched control subjects. NAT2 genotypes were identified using single‐nucleotide primer extension reaction methods. Thirty‐one alleles related to 12 polymorphism sites were assayed in this study. Significantly increased odds ratios were observed in former smokers (OR = 2.39, 95% CI = 1.57–3.62), heavy drinkers (OR = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.06–1.55) and individuals who eat well‐done meat (OR = 1.24, 95% CI = 1.09–1.41). The odds ratios (95% CI) for high intake of kimchi, stews and soybean paste were 3.27 (2.44–4.37), 1.96 (1.50–2.58) and 1.63 (1.24–2.14), respectively. The NAT2 genotype alone was not associated with gastric cancer risk. A significant gene–environment interaction was observed between environmental carcinogens and NAT2 genotypes. The odds ratios for kimchi, stews and soybean paste were higher in slow/intermediate acetylators than in rapid acetylators. The odds ratios for slow/intermediate acetylators were 2.28 (95% CI: 1.29–4.04) for light smokers and 3.42 (95% CI: 2.06–5.68) for well‐done meat intake. The NAT2 acetylator genotype may be an important modifier of the effects of environmental factors on gastric cancer risk. © 2009 UICC
An orthotopic endometrial cancer mouse model demonstrates a role for RUNX1 in distant metastasis
Authors: Doll Andreas , Gonzalez Marta , Abal Miguel , Llaurado Marta , Rigau Marina , Colas Eva , Monge Marta , Xercavins Jordi , Capella Gabriel , Diaz Berta , Gil‐Moreno Antonio , Alameda Francesc , Reventos Jaume 
Published: February 2009

AbstractEndometrial carcinoma is the most common malignancy of the female genital tract in industrialized countries. Metastasis is the major cause of endometrial cancer deaths. Therefore, there is a vital need for clinically relevant in vivo models allowing the elucidation of the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying metastatic behavior. In this study, we describe an innovative experimental orthotopic model of human endometrial carcinoma. Implantation in the bifurcation of the uterine horns resulted in tumors integrated into the myometrial compartment, which can be used and further exploited for the study of in vivo angiogenesis, myometrial invasion, and the metastatic capacity of endometrial cancer cells. This orthotopic model also represents a suitable tool to analyze how tumorigenesis and distant metastasis of endometrial cancer might be influenced by gene alteration, by modulating its expression in the original cancer cell line. One of the candidate genes implicated in endometrial cancer is the transcription factor RUNX1. The over‐expression of RUNX1 in the endometrial cancer cell line HEC1A and the transplantation of these cells to the uterus of nude mice were associated specifically with distant metastasis in the lung. RUNX1 plays a role in the establishment of metastases in endometrial cancer. Translated to the clinics, these models would be equivalent to an advanced undifferentiated carcinoma with node affectation (stage IIIC) and distant metastasis (stage IVB). These patients would be candidates for adjuvant therapy, not efficient until today, and therefore, our models are actually suitable for the design and evaluation of experimental therapies. © 2009 UICC
Detection of different tumor growth kinetics in single transgenic mice with oncogene‐induced mammary carcinomas by flat‐panel volume computed tomography
Authors: Jannasch Katharina , Dullin Christian , Heinlein Christina , Krepulat Frauke , Wegwitz Florian , Deppert Wolfgang , Alves Frauke 
Published: February 2009

AbstractTransgenic mouse models offer an excellent opportunity for studying the molecular basis of cancer development and progression. Here we applied flat‐panel volume computed tomography (fpVCT) to monitor tumor progression as well as the development of tumor vasculature in vivo in a transgenic mouse model for oncogene‐induced mammary carcinogenesis (WAP‐T mice). WAP‐T mice develop multiple mammary carcinomas on oncogene induction within 3 to 5 months. Following induction, 3‐dimensional fpVCT data sets were obtained by serial single scans of entire mice in combination with iodine containing contrast agents and served as basis for precise measurements of tumor volumes. Thereby, we were able to depict tumors within the mammary glands at a very early stage of the development. Tumors of small sizes (0.001 cm3) were detected by fpVCT before being palpable or visible by inspection. The capability to determine early tumor onset combined with longitudinal noninvasive imaging identified diverse time points of tumor onset for each mammary carcinoma and different tumor growth kinetics for multiple breast carcinomas that developed in single mice. Furthermore, blood supply to the breast tumors, as well as blood vessels around and within the tumors, were clearly visible over time by fpVCT. Three‐dimensional visualization of tumor vessels in high resolution was enhanced by the use of a novel blood pool contrast agent. Here, we demonstrate by longitudinal fpVCT imaging that mammary carcinomas develop at different time points in each WAP‐T mouse, and thereafter show divergent growth rates and distinct vascularization patterns. © 2009 UICC
The PTEN regulator DJ‐1 is associated with hTERT expression in clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Sitaram Raviprakash T. , Cairney Claire J. , Grabowski Pawel , Keith W. Nicol , Hallberg Bengt , Ljungberg Börje , Roos Göran 
Published: February 2009

AbstractDJ‐1 is as a novel regulator of the tumor suppressor PTEN with stimulatory effects on PI3K‐AKT/PKB signaling, one possible target of which is cMyc. The catalytic unit of the telomerase complex, hTERT, can be activated at different levels, including transcriptionally by cMyc and through phosphorylation by AKT/PKB. The aim of the study was to analyze the putative signaling pathway encompassing DJ‐1, cMyc and hTERT in a series of 176 renal cell carcinomas (RCC) and experimentally in cell lines. DJ‐1 mRNA expression was significantly elevated in clear cell RCC (ccRCC) compared with in papillary RCC (pRCC; p = 0.005) and kidney cortex tissue (p < 0.001). ccRCC and pRCC demonstrated higher cMyc RNA levels than in kidney cortex (p < 0.001 for both) as well as increased levels of hTERT RNA (p < 0.001 and p = 0.011, respectively). DJ‐1 was positively correlated to cMyc and hTERT in ccRCC (p < 0.001 and p = 0.019, respectively), but not in pRCC, indicating that this pathway could have a functional significance in ccRCC. siRNA knock down of DJ‐1 induced downregulation of cMyc and hTERT mRNA associated with decreased expression of pAKT and cMyc protein levels. hTERT promoter activity was upregulated after DJ‐1 transfection and this upregulation was inhibited after mutation of the cMyc binding sites. These experimental data support the functional link among DJ‐1, cMyc and hTERT expression as indicated in the tumor material. Neither DJ‐1, cMyc nor hTERT mRNA levels were associated with proliferation (S‐phase fraction), telomere length or prognosis in ccRCC. © 2009 UICC
Biocompatibility and safety evaluation of a ricinoleic acid‐based poly(ester‐anhydride) copolymer after implantation in rats
Authors: Vaisman Boris , Motiei Menachem , Nyska Abraham , Domb Abraham J. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and tissue compatibility of an injectable biodegradable poly(ester‐anhydride) copolymer of ricinoleic acid (RA) and sebacic acid (SA) in rats. The absorbable biomaterial containing 70% w/w of RA and 30% w/w of SA [P(SA‐RA) 3:7] was implanted in rats in two separate studies: (1) at high doses subcutaneously (SC) and intramuscularly (IM) simultaneously into the same animal and (2) intracranially (IC). The safety was established in the high‐dose administration experiment. No systemic tissue damage, polymer‐related lesions, or abnormalities could be detected in the animals. The histopathological evaluation of the SC and IM P(SA‐RA) 3:7 implanted sites suggested a typical foreign body reaction (FBR) to biomaterials, and was characterized by excellent tissue repair and good tissue tolerance. In the second experiment, no neurological deficits or behavior changes suggestive of systemic or localized toxicity were observed in the animals implanted IC with the polymer. Only minimal, well‐demarcated inflammatory response was observed on days 14 and 21 and consisted of glia cells. No abnormalities were noted in the brain tissue parenchyma located further from the edges of the implant. These results demonstrated that the P(SA‐RA) 3:7 copolymer was tolerated well by the animals and compatible with rat subcutaneous, muscle and brain tissues. The biodegradable polymeric system described here could be used as a scaffold for varied applications in localized and sustained delivery of therapeutic agents. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2010
Initial osteoblast functions on Ti‐5Zr‐3Sn‐5Mo‐15Nb titanium alloy surfaces modified by microarc oxidation
Authors: Zhao Lingzhou , Wei Yanping , Li Jianxue , Han Yong , Ye Ruidong , Zhang Yumei 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThis study is intended to evaluate the effects of microarc oxidation (MAO) on the biocompatibility of near β titanium alloy Ti‐5Zr‐3Sn‐5Mo‐15Nb (TLM) in vitro. Two porous bioactive surfaces with different surface characteristics were grown on TLM substrates via MAO process at two different final voltages. Both calcium and phosphorus were incorporated into the oxidized surfaces, and their content was dependent on the voltage applied. Surface roughness was enhanced on the MAO surfaces, which was higher when a higher voltage was applied. After MAO treatment, water contact angles became smaller and surface energies were increased, especially the polar components, which were also related to the MAO final voltage. Cell culture experiments showed an enhanced osteoblasts adhesion, spread, and viability on the microarc oxidized surfaces, and better cell spread and viability were found on the surface formed at 450 V than that at 300 V. No obvious variations in gene expression of integrin β1 (Itgβ1), core binding factor‐α1, osteopontin, collagen type I α2‐chain, and fibronectin by osteoblasts were observed on different surfaces. The expression of osteocalcin was strikingly increased on MAO surfaces after 72 h, thus indicating enhanced osteoblasts differentiation on MAO surfaces. Interestingly, obvious enhanced bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP)‐2 and BMP‐4 expression was observed on MAO surfaces, which may be a reason for the enhanced osteoblasts functions on MAO‐modified TLM surfaces. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2010
A new route to produce starch‐based fiber mesh scaffolds by wet spinning and subsequent surface modification as a way to improve cell attachment and proliferation
Authors: Tuzlakoglu K. , Pashkuleva I. , Rodrigues M. T. , Gomes M. E. , van Lenthe G. H. , Müller R. , Reis R. L. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThis study proposes a new route for producing fiber mesh scaffolds from a starch–polycaprolactone (SPCL) blend. It was demonstrated that the scaffolds with 77% porosity could be obtained by a simple wet‐spinning technique based on solution/precipitation of a polymeric blend. To enhance the cell attachment and proliferation, Ar plasma treatment was applied to the scaffolds. It was observed that the surface morphology and chemical composition were significantly changed because of the etching and functionalization of the fiber surfaces. XPS analyses showed an increase of the oxygen content of the fiber surfaces after plasma treatment (untreated scaffolds O/C:0.32 and plasma‐treated scaffolds O/C:0.41). Both untreated and treated scaffolds were examined using a SaOs‐2 human osteoblast‐like cell line during 2 weeks of culture. The cell seeded on wet‐spun SPCL fiber mesh scaffolds showed high viability and alkaline phosphatase enzyme activity, with those values being even higher for the cells seeded on the plasma‐treated scaffolds. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2010
Preparation and characterization of polyethylenimine‐coated Fe3O4‐MCM‐48 nanocomposite particles as a novel agent for magnet‐assisted transfection
Authors: Yiu Humphrey H. P. , McBain Stuart C. , Lethbridge Zoe A. D. , Lees Martin R. , Dobson Jon 
Published: February 2009

AbstractA new type of magnetic nanoparticle was synthesized using mesoporous silica MCM‐48 as a template. Magnetite (Fe3O4) nanocrystals were incorporated onto the MCM‐48 silica structure by thermal decomposition of iron(III) acetylacetonate. The particle size of these Fe3O4‐MCM‐48 composite particles is around 300 nm with an iron oxide content of ca. 20% w/w. Measurements from SQUID magnetometry suggest that these nanoparticles possess superparamagnetic properties similar to those of Fe3O4 nanoparticles. By coating positively charged polyethylenimine on to the surface, DNA can be bound onto the Fe3O4‐MCM‐48 nanoparticles. Transfection studies showed that these PEI‐Fe3O4‐MCM‐48 particles were highly effective as a transfection reagent, and a 400% increase of transfection efficiency compared with the commercial products was recorded. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2010
Intradiscal drug delivery system for the treatment of low back pain
Authors: Lee Jin Whan , Lim Tae‐Hong , Park Joon B. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractPossible solution to the long‐term control of the low back pain (LBP) would be by using an injectable pain drug carrier that can be delivered locally. The drug can be released in a controlled manner. It is also allowed to inject repeatedly more drugs percutaneously with a minimal invasion. The main objective of this study was to develop such a drug delivery system (DDS) for long‐term control of discogenic LBP. The DDS consists of in situ forming hydrogel matrix (Pluronic F127® plus sodium hyaluronate) containing microspheres (MS). The solid MS were used for long‐term release of the drugs. Both hydrogel matrix and MS contained a model drug, bupivacaine base (BB). The phase transition (liquid at room temperature, gel at around body temperature) could be manipulated by changing the composition of the hydrogel. In vitro test showed that ∼3% (w/w) of the BB loaded to MS were released during 42 days, demonstrating a good potential for sustained release of bupivacaine. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2010
Synthesis of four racemic nicotine isotopomers doubly labelled with stable isotope
Authors: Hatton Wilfried , Silvestre Virginie , Robins Richard J. , Mathé‐Allainmat Monique , Lebreton Jacques 
Published: February 2009

AbstractFour racemic nicotine isotopomers, doubly labelled with stable isotope, were prepared for use in studies of plant metabolism. First, starting from halogeno nicotinates, one deuterium was introduced into the pyridine moiety by reductive dehalogenation with zinc, and choosing deuterated acetic acid as the acidic medium. Pyridine2H‐labelled nornicotine derivatives were then formed in two reaction steps, a condensation reaction withN‐vinylpyrrolidinone followed by catalytic hydrogenation. The deuteromethylation of these monodeuterated nornicotines was achieved by reduction of the corresponding ethyl carbamates with deuterated lithium aluminium hydride. The four regioisotopomers obtained were at the least 90% labelled on each site, sufficient for the metabolic studies envisaged. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Climate variability and change in the Greater Alpine Region over the last two centuries based on multi‐variable analysis
Authors: Brunetti Michele , Lentini Gianluca , Maugeri Maurizio , Nanni Teresa , Auer Ingeborg , Böhm Reinhard , Schöner Wolfgang 
Published: February 2009

AbstractAn extensive analysis of the HISTALP database is presented with the aim of giving a comprehensive picture of secular climate variability and change in the Greater Alpine Region (GAR, 4–19 E, 43–49 N). The HISTALP database encompasses 242 sites and concerns temperature, pressure, precipitation, cloudiness, sunshine duration, vapour pressure and relative humidity. The analyses are based on four regional mean records representing different GAR low‐level areas and on an additional mean record representing high‐level locations.The first goal of the paper is to give an overview of the seasonal and annual records for the different variables, aiming to highlight both variability on decadal time scale and long‐term evolution. Then it focuses on trend and correlation analysis. Trends are presented both for the period of common data availability for all regional average series and for moving windows that permit studying the trends over a wide range of timescales. Correlations among the different variables are presented both for the regional average series and for their high‐pass‐filtered versions.The analyses, beside highlighting a warming that is about twice as large as the global trend, also show that the different variables have responded in different ways to this warming and that the mutual interactions linking the different variables are often present only at specific temporal scales and only in parts of the GAR and in defined seasons. In spite of this complex behaviour, which may also be due to some residual inhomogeneities still affecting the data, the analyses give evidence that the HISTALP database has an excellent internal consistency and show that the availability of a multi‐variable database turns out to be very useful in order to evaluate the reliability of the reconstruction of each variable and to better understand the behaviour and the mutual interactions of the different variables. Copyright © 2009 Royal Meteorological Society
A Raman spectroscopic study of the uranyl mineral rutherfordine—revisited
Authors: Frost Ray L. , Čejka Jiří 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe molecular structure of the uranyl mineral rutherfordine has been investigated by the measurement of the near‐infrared (NIR) and Raman spectra and complemented with infrared spectra including their interpretation. The spectra of rutherfordine show the presence of both water and hydroxyl units in the structure as evidenced by IR bands at 3562 and 3465 cm−1 (OH) and 3343, 3185 and 2980 cm−1 (H2O). Raman spectra show the presence of four sharp bands at 3511, 3460, 3329 and 3151 cm−1. Corresponding molecular water bending vibrations were only observed in both Raman and infrared spectra of one of two studied rutherfordine samples. The second rutherfordine sample studied contained only hydroxyl ions in the equatorial uranyl plane and did not contain any molecular water. The infrared spectra of the (CO3)2− units in the antisymmetric stretching region show complexity with three sets of carbonate bands observed. This combined with the observation of multiple bands in the (CO3)2− bending region in both the Raman and IR spectra suggests that both monodentate and bidentate (CO3)2− units may be present in the structure. This cannot be exactly proved and inferred from the spectra; however, it is in accordance with the X‐ray crystallographic studies. Complexity is also observed in the IR spectra of (UO2)2+ antisymmetric stretching region and is attributed to non‐identical UO bonds. UO bond lengths were calculated using wavenumbers of the ν3 and ν1 (UO2)2+ and compared with data from X‐ray single crystal structure analysis of rutherfordine. Existence of solid solution having a general formula (UO2)(CO3)1−x(OH)2x.yH2O (x, y ≥ 0) is supported in the crystal structure of rutherfordine samples studied. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Raman spectroscopic study of the mixed anion mineral yecoraite Bi5Fe3O9(Te4+O3)(Te6+O4)2·9H2O
Authors: Frost Ray L. , Keeffe Eloise C. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractTellurates are rare minerals as the tellurate anion is readily reduced to the tellurite ion. Often minerals with both tellurate and tellurite anions are found. An example of such a mineral containing tellurate and tellurite is yecoraite. Raman spectroscopy has been used to study this mineral, the exact structure of which is unknown. Two Raman bands at 796 and 808 cm−1 are assigned to the ν1(TeO4)2− symmetric and ν3(TeO3)2− antisymmetric stretching modes and Raman bands at 699 cm−1 are attributed to the ν3(TeO4)2− antisymmetric stretching mode and the band at 690 cm−1 to the ν1(TeO3)2− symmetric stretching mode. The intense band at 465 cm−1 with a shoulder at 470 cm−1 is assigned the (TeO4)2− and (TeO3)2− bending modes. Prominent Raman bands are observed at 2878, 2936, 3180 and 3400 cm−1. The band at 3936 cm−1 appears quite distinct and the observation of multiple bands indicates the water molecules in the yecoraite structure are not equivalent. The values for the OH stretching vibrations listed provide hydrogen bond distances of 2.625 Å (2878 cm−1), 2.636 Å (2936 cm−1), 2.697 Å (3180 cm−1) and 2.798 Å (3400 cm−1). This range of hydrogen bonding contributes to the stability of the mineral. A comparison of the Raman spectra of yecoraite with that of tellurate containing minerals kuranakhite, tlapallite and xocomecatlite is made. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.