bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
WITHDRAWN: A Review Study of the Existential Problems of Substance Addicted Adolescents in Turkey: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Kızılkaya Mehtap , Toker Sema , Uzunoğlu Gülçin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background Substance abuse is an important health problem that is quite common all over the world and especially affects individuals in adolescence. The aim of this study is to determine the existential problems of substance addicted adolescents living in Turkey.
Methods The study was conducted in accordance with the phenomenological design, one of the qualitative research designs. The sample of the study consists of 11 adolescents aged between 14-18. Data were collected by face-to-face, in-depth interviews by using structured interview form. Research data were evaluated by descriptive analysis method. Upon the analysis of the research data, three themes emerged: situations where the substance is needed, the relationship between substance and existential concepts, and future expectations.
Discussion In conclusion; It was determined that the majority of the participants started using the substance under peer influence, they used the substance more frequently in coping with anger and problem solving, and they felt more free existentially when they took the substance. It has been suggested that nurses and other health professionals working with adolescents provide counseling to adolescents on issues such as developing problem-solving skills, anger management and interpersonal communication, and including existential issues in substance abuse treatment plans.
Assessing Landslide Susceptibility in Indian Himalayas: Comparing Polygon and Point-Based Inventories with Modified Frequency Ratio Approach
Authors: KHAN IMRAN , Bahuguna Harish , Kainthola Ashutosh , Kanungo D. P. , Dahal Ranjan Kumar , Das Suvam , Sarkar Shantanu 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

This study examines the effects of using point and polygon-based landslide inventory on the process of mapping landslide susceptibility in the Northwestern Indian Himalayas. The modified frequency ratio method was utilized to generate the landslide susceptibility map, applying classification through the define, equal, geometric, natural break, and quantile reclassification procedures. Comparative analyses were performed to compare the polygon-based and point-based landslide susceptibility maps using different reclassification methods. The polygon-based methodology achieved success rates/prediction rates of 75.0%/75.4%, 76.1%/76.4%, 77.9%/78.4%, 77.9%/78.4%, and 78.1%/78.6% for the define, equal, geometric, natural break, and quantile classification methods, respectively. On the other hand, the point-based strategy resulted in success rates/prediction rates of 81.8%/82.1%, 83.0%/83.2%, 84.2%/84.6%, 84.3%/84.6%, and 83.5%/83.7% for the respective categorization techniques. The results showed that the point-based landslide susceptibility map had a higher performance in terms of AUC values, but the polygon-based map was better at portraying ground conditions. Geometric, natural break, and quantile reclassification methods consistently shown superior performance compared to define and equal methods in both point and polygon-based approaches. Although both point and polygon-based inventories showed acceptable levels of accuracy, it is advisable to use the polygon-based technique, provided that the necessary data and computer resources are available. This research provides useful insights into the selection of inventory types and classification methods for the accurate mapping of landslide susceptibility in the rugged terrain of the Northwestern Indian Himalayas.
Soil nutrition, microbial composition and some selected associated P n S enzymes under charcoal production sites of derived Savanna, Nigeria
Authors: Adeyemo Adebayo Jonathan , Oluwagbemi Isreal A. , Ajiboye William O. , Akinnagbe Evelyn Atinuke , Akande Tolulope Yetunde , Oyun Mathhew Banji , Awodun Moses Adeyeye 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Soil functions as the active force managing diverse biogeochemical processes in tropical forest ecosystem, which include the storage and recycling of nutrients, as well as the decomposition of organic matter. Anthropogenic activities, particularly deforestation with a focus on charcoal production, have substantially disrupted these processes, leading to notable changes in microbial activities, enzyme functions, and the availability and soil nutrient status of the derived savannah in southwestern Nigeria. While there is increasing recognition of charcoal’s impact on soil properties, there remains a noticeable research gap in understanding its specific effects on some associated soil microbial properties, soil enzymes and micronutrients in charcoal production site. Our investigation focuses on assessing soil nutrition, microbial composition and some selected associated P and S enzymes under charcoal production sites of derived Savanna, Nigeria. Soil samples were systematically collected at depths of 0–15 cm, 15–30 cm, and 30–45 cm in locations associated with charcoal production (CPS) and non-production sites (NPS). The objective was to assess the microbial biomass content in phosphorus, activity levels of microorganisms in soil, focusing on their production of phosphorus and sulfur enzymes, and to examine the overall nutrient release in these diverse environments. The findings revealed Biomass phosphorus (Bp), Phosphatase (Pho), Thiosulfate dehydrogenase (Tsd), Dimethyl sulfoxide reductase (Dsr), and micronutrients (Mg, Zn, Cu, Co, Fe) were significantly higher in CPS than in NPS. Phytase (Phy) followed a consistent trend at both sites with significant differences among means. Except for copper (Cu), the cobalt (Co), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn) concentrations declined as the soil depth increased in the CPS and NPS across the three locations. This indicates that charcoal production sites in the derived savannah forest of southwestern Nigeria have a significant impact on soil properties and microbial activities. The higher levels of Bp, Pho, Tsd, and Dsr in CPS suggest increased microbial activity and nutrient availability compared to NPS. Additionally, the variation in micronutrient concentrations with soil depth indicates differences in nutrient distribution and availability between the two sites. These findings underscore the importance of further research to fully understand the effects of charcoal production on soil ecosystems and to develop sustainable management practices that mitigate these impacts.
Comparing the Malignant Properties of Parental and a knock-in version of HCT116 cell line expressing the CDK2-mutant of eukaryotic Elongation Factor 2 (eEF2)
Authors: Yüksel Büşra , Türkel Nezaket , Şahin Fikrettin , DENIZ ASLI AYSEN HIZLI 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Modulation of protein synthesis according to the physiological cues is maintained through tight control of Eukaryotic Elongation Factor 2 (eEF2), whose unique translocase activity is essential for cell viability. Phosphorylation of eEF2 at its Thr56 residue inactivates this function in translation. In our previous study we reported a novel mode of post-translational modification that promotes higher efficiency in T56 phosphorylation. Cyclin A/CDK2-mediated phosphorylation of eEF2 at the S595 residue is required for more potent phosphorylation at the Thr56, suggesting CDK2 takes a role in robust suppression of protein synthesis. In the current study, we analyzed the cell cycle, proliferation, cell death, migration, colony formation, autophagy, and response to Cisplatin properties of the point-mutant variant of HCT116 cells that express the CDK2 mutant (S595A-eEF2) of eEF2. The knocked in S595A mutation resulted in decreased levels of T56 phosphorylation of eEF2, which appears to have similar biological consequences to other experimental manipulations such as silencing the activity of the kinase for the Thr56 residue, eEF2 Kinase (eEF2K). Our findings indicate that interfering with the inhibition of eEF2 results in elevated protein synthesis in HCT116 cells and is associated with the progression of malignancy in the colorectal cancer cell line, where eEF2K activity could provide a tumor suppressive role.
Outcomes of in-hospital pediatric cardiac arrest in the emergency department of a tertiary referral hospital in Tanzania: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Mally Deogratius , Namazzi Ruth , Musoke Philippa , Munube Deogratias , Luggya Tonny Stone , Sawe Hendry R. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is an emergency procedure performed to bring back the heart function following cardiac arrest.
Despite the establishment of emergency department and training on Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS) at Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH) the outcomes of in-hospital pediatric cardiac arrest have not been documented. We ought to determine the outcomes and factors associated with survival at 24 hours after in-hospital pediatric cardiac arrests at MNH in Tanzania.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of all patients aged 1 month to 18 years who had in-hospital cardiac arrests (IHCA) prompting CPR in the Emergency Medicine Department (EMD) at MNH, Tanzania from January 2016 to December 2019. Data was collected from electronic medical record (Wellsoft) system using standardized and pretested data collection form that recorded clinical baseline, pre-arrest, arrest, and post-arrest parameters. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the influence of each factor on survival at 24 hours.
Results: A total of 11,951 patients requiring resuscitation were screened, and 257 (2.1%) had cardiac arrest at EMD. Among 136 patients enrolled, the median age was 1.5 years (interquartile range: 0.5-3 years) years, and the majority 108 (79.4%) aged ≤ 5 years, and 101 (74.3%) had been referred from peripheral hospitals. Overall stained return of spontaneous circulation was achieved in 70 (51.5%) patients, survival at 24 hours was attained in 43 (31.3%) of patients, and only 7 patients (5.2%) survived to hospital discharge. Factors independently associated with survival at 24 hours were CPR event during the day/evening (p=0.035), duration of CPR ≤ 20 minutes (p=0.017), epinephrine ≤2 doses (p=0.049), reversible causes of cardiac arrest being identified (p=0.001), and having assisted/mechanical ventilation after CPR (p=0.001).
Conclusion: In our cohort of children with cardiac arrest, survival to hospital discharge was only 5%. Factors associated with 24-hours survival were CPR event during daytime, short duration of CPR, recognition of reversible causes of cardiac arrest and receiving mechanic ventilation. Future studies should explore detection of decompensation, the quality of CPR, and post cardiac arrest care on the outcomes of IHCA.
The impact of COVID-19 pandemic restrictions lifting on the health of the elderly :evidence from a quasi- experiment
Authors: Li Xiaowen , He Yuanqing , Xu Hao , Zhang Jun 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The lifting of COVID-19 restrictions has brought about positive changes, yet the adaptation of the elderly in the post-pandemic era still faces challenges. The purpose of this study is to investigate the health changes in the elderly after the lifting of COVID-19 restrictions through a quasi-natural Experiment design, to unravel the effects of the lifting of the pandemic restrictions. The article is based on the data of the elderly in China and South Korea from 2020 to 2022 and employs the PSM-DID method for empirical testing to examine the impact of the lifting of pandemic restrictions on the health of the elderly. The results show that: (1) The lifting of the pandemic restrictions significantly improved the physical health of the elderly. (2) The lifting of the pandemic restrictions effectively improved the mental health of the elderly and significantly reduced their depression scores. (3) Heterogeneity tests indicate that the lifting of the pandemic restrictions had a more treatment effect on improving the health of elderly groups that are female, younger, lower-income, and suffering from chronic diseases. The gradual recovery of health in the elderly in the post-pandemic era is an important phenomenon, but more research is needed on the potential health impacts of pandemic lockdown measures to provide information for the fields of public health and elderly health.
Ethylene Response Factor SlERF.D6 promotes ripening initiation and ethylene response through downstream transcription factors SlDEAR2 and SlTCP12
Authors: Giovannoni James , Chen Yao , Wang Xin , Colantonio Vincent , Fish Tara , Ye Jie , Thannhauser Theodore , Ye Zhibiao , Liu Mingchun , Liu Yongsheng , Fei Zhangjun 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Ripening is crucial for the development of fleshy fruits that release their seeds following consumption by frugivores and are important contributors to human health and nutritional security. Many genetic ripening regulators have been identified, especially in the model system tomato, yet more remain to be discovered and integrated into comprehensive regulatory models. Most tomato ripening genes have been studied in pericarp tissue, though recent evidence indicates that locule tissue is a site of early ripening-gene activities. Here we identified and functionally characterized an Ethylene Response Factor gene, SlERF.D6, by investigating tomato transcriptome data throughout plant development, emphasizing genes elevated in the locule during fruit development and ripening. SlERF.D6loss-of-function mutants resulting from CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing delayed ripening initiation and carotenoid accumulation in both pericarp and locule tissues. Transcriptome analysis of lines altered in SlERF.D6 expression revealed multiple classes of altered genes including ripening regulators, in addition to carotenoid, cell wall and ethylene pathway genes, suggesting comprehensive ripening control. Distinct regulatory patterns in pericarp versus locule tissues were observed indicating tissue-specific activity of this transcription factor. Analysis of SlERF.D6 interaction with target promoters revealed an AP2/ERF transcription factor (SlDEAR2) as a target of SlERF.D6. Furthermore, we show that a third transcription factor gene, SlTCP12, is a target of SlDEAR2, presenting a tri-component module of ripening control.
Association of preoperative peripheral blood SOD and NLR with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Wu Ke , Zhao Yufeng , Zhang Jin , Ding Detao , Liu Tao , Zhang Xue , Li Demin , Ma Xu , An Qi , Xing Jinqi , Zhang Hui , Wu Yungang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the diagnostic value of preoperative superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peripheral blood neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in the diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx.
Methods: The clinical data of 96 patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (laryngeal carcinoma group), 68 cases of vocal cord leukoplakia(laryngeal precancerous lesion group) and 209 cases of vocal cord polyps (vocal cord polyp group) treated surgically at the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical College from 2018.01.01 to 2022.12.30 were retrospectively analyzed.
Results: The differences in peripheral blood NLR and SOD were compared between the groups, and the value of these indicators in the diagnosis of laryngeal cancer was evaluated by applying the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve. The differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). The areas under the ROC curves of SOD and NLR were 0.892, 0.670 and 0.737 for the differentiation of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and vocal cord polyps, respectively. We found that NLR was not associated with lymph node metastasis. SOD was associated with TNM stage of laryngeal cancer, but NLR was not.
Conclusion: SOD and NLR are valuable for the diagnosis of laryngeal cancer, but not for the prediction of lymph node metastasis.
Enhanced ventilation of Eastern North Atlantic Oxygen Minimum Zone with deglacial slowdown of Meridional Overturning
Authors: Barragán-Montilla Sofía , Johnstone Heather , Mulitza Stefan , Macaya Dharma , Pälike Heiko 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The eastern Tropical North Atlantic Oxygen Minimum Zone (ETNA OMZ) sustains unique marine ecosystems off northwestern Africa. One of the key controls of the ETNA OMZ is ventilation driven by the subsurface ocean circulation of the Atlantic subtropical gyres. However, how this shallow circulation interacts with changes in the strength of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) remains unclear. Here, we present a new deglacial and high-resolution paleo-oxygenation record (GeoB9512-5, 793 m water depth) from the low oxic waters of the margin of ETNA OMZ, that registers more strongly oxygenated periods during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), two parts of the Heinrich Stadial 1 (HS1), and the latter part of the Younger Dryas (YD). We show that steeper meridional temperature gradients during HS1 and YD with AMOC slowdown intensified the subsurface subtropical gyre circulation and the oxygen supply to the ETNA.
Stochastic approximation procedure with uniform initial conditions
Authors: Chabanyuk Yaroslav , Kosharnyi Bohdan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Stochastic approximation with uniform initial condition distribution is a prevalent approach for optimizing functions lacking analytical solutions. This iterative method involves generating approximate minima from random samples within the solution domain. Despite its simplicity and broad applications, it demands numerous iterations for satisfactory outcomes, potentially leading to computational costs. This article focuses on discussing and applying stochastic approximation processes with uniform initial condition distribution. The article aims to clarify the theory behind stochastic approximation with uniform initial condition distribution and employ diffusion process modeling to Rosa-Chabanyuka models involving two system factor modifications.
Childbirth self-efficacy and birth related PTSD symptoms: An online childbirth education randomised controlled trial for mothers
Authors: Frankham Lucy J , Thorsteinsson Einar B , Bartik Warren 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objective: Evaluation of an online childbirth education course on childbirth self-efficacy and, subsequent birth related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and mother-infant relationship quality.
Design: Three group (intervention, passive control, active control) parallel randomised controlled trial. Groups were assigned using computer generated random allocation.
Method: One hundred and twenty-five women residing in Australia between 12 and 24 weeks pregnant were recruited online. Participants were asked to complete their required activity between 24 and 36 weeks pregnant. Childbirth self-efficacy scores were tested pre and post intervention, PTSD symptoms and mother-infant relationship quality were tested at six weeks and six months postnatal.
Results: There was no significant interaction by group for childbirth self-efficacy scores. Mean difference scores at time one and time two for each group indicated a trend in the online group towards higher childbirth self-efficacy compared with the two control groups. The main effect of group on birth related PTSD scores was not statically significant at six weeks postnatal or at six months postnatal. The main effect of group on mother-infant relationship scores was not statically significant at six weeks postnatal or six months postnatal.
Conclusion: Trends showed childbirth self-efficacy scores to be higher in the intervention group compared with the two control groups, demonstrating effectiveness for the intervention. Paradoxically, PTSD scores were higher in the intervention group compared with the two control groups and therefore also reported poorer mother-infant relationship quality.
Trial Registration: This trial was retrospectively registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry number: ACTRN12624000241538 on March 11, 2024.
CK19 protein expression：the best cutoff value on the prognosis and the prognosis model of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Yang Chenglei , Xiang Wanyan , Wu Zongze , Li Nannan , Xie Guoliang , Huang Juntao , Zeng Lixia , Yu Hongping , Xiang Bangde 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background and Objective: In clinical practice, CK19 can be an important predictor for the prognosis of HCC. Because the high incidence and mortality rates of HCC, more effective and practical prognostic prediction models are needed to be developed urgently.
Methods: A total of 1168 HCC patients, who underwent radical surgery at the Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, between January 2014 and July 2019, were recruited with clinicopathological data collected. Of the clinicopathological data, the optimal cutoff value of CK19-positive HCC was determined by calculating the area under the curve (AUC) using survival analysis and time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (timeROC) curve analysis. The predictors were screened using univariate and multivariate COX regression and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression to construct nomogram prediction models, and their predictive potentials were assessed using calibration curves and AUC values.
Results: The 0% positive rate of CK19 was considered the optimal cutoff value to predict the poor prognosis of CK19-positive HCC. The survival analysis of 335 CK19-positive HCC showed no significant statistical differences in the overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) of CK19-positive HCC patients. A five-factor risk (CK19, CA125, Edmondson, BMI and tumor number) scoring model and an OS nomograph model were constructed and established, and the OS nomograph model showed a good predictive performance and was subsequently verified.
Conclusion: A 0% expression level of CK19 protein may be an optimal threshold for predicting the prognosis of CK19-positive HCC. Based on this CK19 marker a good nomogram model was constructed to prediction of HCC prognosis.