bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subacute myelopathy: An unusual paraneoplastic complication of Hodgkin's disease
Authors: Dansey R. D. , Hammond‐Tooke G. D. , Lai K. , Bezwoda W. R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe report a case of Hodgkin disease presenting with a subacute myelopathy without evidence of metastatic involvement of the spinal cord. The systemic disease responded to conventional chemotherapy, but the myelopathy only improved after intrathecal dexa‐methasone was added to the treatment program, β‐2‐microglobulin levels in the cere‐brospinal fluid were elevated at presentation. Following the use of intrathecal corticoste‐roids there was a decrease of CSF β2‐microglobulin levels. The possible significance of these findings is discussed.
High‐dose methotrexate improves clinical outcome in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: St. Jude total therapy study X
Authors: Abromowitch Minnie , Ochs Judith , Pui Ching‐Hon , Kalwinsky David , Rivera Gaston K. , Fairclough Diane , Look A. Thomas , Hustu H. Omar , Murphy Sharon B. , Evans William E. , Dahl Gary V. , Bowman W. Paul 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHigh‐dose methotrexate (HDMTX, 1,000 mg/m2) and cranial irradiation/sequential chemotherapy (RTSC) were compared for ability to extend complete remission durations in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Three hundred thirty patients were enrolled in the study, according to our criteria for standard‐risk ALL: a leukocyte count < 100 × 109/L, no mediastinal mass, no leukemic involvement of the central nervous system (CNS), and blast cells lacking sheep erythrocyte receptors and surface immunoglobulin. Prednisone‐vin‐cristine‐asparaginase induced complete remissions in 95% of the patients, who were then randomized to receive either HDMTX (n = 154) or RTSC (n = 155). HDMTX was administered with intrathecal MTX for the first 3 weeks following remission induction, and then every 6 weeks with daily mercaptopurine (MP) and weekly oral MTX for a total of 18 months. The RTSC regimen consisted of 1,800 cGy cranial irradiation and intrathecal MTX for 3 weeks, followed by MP/MTX, cyclophosphamide/doxorubicin, and teniposide/cytarabine administered sequentially over 18 months. The final 12 months of treatment for both groups was MP and oral MTX; all patients received intrathecal MTX every 12 weeks.With a median follow‐up of 5 years, complete remission durations have been significantly longer among children treated with HDMTX, compared with RTSC (P = .049) or historical institutional control regimens (P = .002). Approximately 67% of the patients receiving HDMTX and 56% of those receiving RTSC are expected to be in continuous complete remission at 4 years. Overall, isolated CNS relapse rates were similar (P = .17) in the two treatment groups, although by newer risk criteria cranial irradiation could be expected to provide better protection in patients with an unfavorable prognosis. These findings indicate that addition of intermittent HDMTX infusions to conventional chemotherapy is an effective method for extending complete remissions in children with ALL.
Chemotherapy of advanced head and neck cancer: Updated results of a randomized trial of the order of administration of sequential methotrexate and 5‐fluorouracil
Authors: MacKintosh John F. , Coates Alan S. , Tattersall M. H. N. , Swanson Cheryl 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOne hundred and twenty‐seven patients with advanced or recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNC) were randomized to treatment with methotrexate (MTX) followed 1 hour later by 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) (sequence MF), or 5‐fluorouracil followed after 1 hour by methotrexate (sequence FM). One hundred and seventeen patients were evaluable for response. There was no significant difference in response rates between the MF and FM sequences. Overall, 8 patients (6.8%) achieved complete response (CR) and 46 (39.3%) partial response (PR). In 95 previously untreated patients, the overall response rate (CR + PR) was 50%, compared with 31% for previously treated patients (P = 0.02). Survival duration significantly favored the FM sequence in univariate analyses (P = 0.04). Stepwise multivariate Cox model analysis showed that poor performance status (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group) at study entry (P < 0.001) and prior radiotherapy (P = 0.03) were significant adverse predictors for survival. When allowance was made for these factors, a survival difference in favor of the FM sequence remained (P = 0.003). Sequential MTX followed 1 hour later by 5‐FU is not recommended for treatment of HNC.
T4 + (helper phenotype) chronic lymphocytic leukemia: Case report with liver failure and literature review
Authors: Greer John P. , Cousar John B. , Miller Robert F. , Vogler Larry B. , Goodin Julia C. , Graber Stanley E. , Collins Robert D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractT‐cell lymphomas and leukemias are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms found in each anatomic compartment of the T system (marrow, thymus, and various peripheral tissues) and that have varying phenotypic expressions. Histopathologic features of the thymic and peripheral T neoplasms do not fit into a clearly defined pattern, and clinical expressions of T neoplasms are likewise variable. This report describes a 60‐year‐old man with “chronic” lymphocytic leukemia of T4 + (helper) phenotype. Rapid deterioration in liver function, presumably due to tumor infiltration, was unexpected and has not previously been reported. The unusual clinical and pathologic features are reviewed in the context of T‐cell neoplasms, particularly T4 + processes.
Chemotherapeutic management of epidural neuroblastoma
Authors: Hayes F. A. , Green A. A. , O'Connor D. M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNine children with neuroblastoma and spinal cord compression were managed initially with chemotherapy induction without laminectomy or radiotherapy. Of the nine children seven are neurologically normal, one has minimal residual deficits, and one remains paraplegic. The excellent results in these children, plus nine patients previously reported, emphasizes the validity of this approach in children with epidural extension of neuroblastoma.
Response of agranulocytosis to thymectomy in a patient with thymoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Weir Alva B. , Dow Lois W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia presented with recurrent episodes of severe neutropenia. This neutropenia was initially responsive to prednisone but even tually became refractory. A spindle‐cell thymoma was diagnosed and resected with dramatic improvement in his granulocytopenia. Both autologous and heterologous granulocyte macrophage colony growth were clearly inhibited by the patient's serum. This is the first reported case of severe granulocytopenia associated with a thymoma that seemed to be reversed following thymectomy.
123I‐metaiodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy of ectopic intracranial retinoblastoma
Authors: Bomanji J. , Kingston J. E. , Hungerford J. L. , Britton K. E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRadioiodinated metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) has been used for diagnostic purposes to image neural crest tumors. We report the uptake of 123I MIBG in a child with ectopic intracranial retinoblastoma. It is felt that 123I MIBG scintigraphy may have a role in detecting occult metastatic disease in these patients.
Avascular necrosis of bone in bone marrow transplant patients
Authors: Russell J. A. , Blahey W. B. , Stuart T. A. , Edwards G. , Card R. T. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAvascular necrosis of the hips occurred in two patients after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. One had been receiving steroid therapy for prophylaxis of graft‐versus‐host disease, the other for the treatment of this condition. This complication has been reported infrequently, but the incidence could be as high as 10% in long‐term survivors of bone marrow transplantation. While other drugs and irradiation may also contribute to this condition, it is likely that steroids are the major cause. An awareness of this risk should encourage minimizing the use of steroid therapy after bone marrow transplantation.
Mitoxantrone and high‐dose ara‐C in refractory malignancies: A phase I trial
Authors: Smith William J. , Muss Hyman B. , Capizzi Robert L. , White Douglas R. , Richards Frederick , Jackson Don V. , Powell Bayard L. , Zekan Patricia J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOn the basis of in vitro studies demonstrating marked synergy between mitoxantrone and high‐dose cytosine arabinoside (ara‐C) (HiDAC) against L5178Y murine leukemia and clinical studies showing usefulness of the combination in patients with refractory acute myeloid leukemia, a phase I study was initiated to find tolerable doses for use in patients with refractory solid tumors. Initial dose levels were mitoxantrone 2 mg/m2 infused over 30 minutes, followed by high‐dose ara‐C 750 mg/m2 infused over 3 hours repeated once at 24 hours (total dose 4 mg/m2 mitoxantrone and 1,500 mg/m2 Hi‐DAC per 2‐day course), with planned subsequent escalation of mitoxantrone. Moderate‐to‐severe myelosuppression, however, required sequential dose reduction of both agents. Nonhematologic toxicity was restricted to manageable nausea and vomiting in one‐half the patients and a single episode of transient delirium of uncertain etiology. No responses were observed in 23 heavily pretreated patients with a wide variety of malignancies.On the basis of this study, doses of 187–375 mg/m2 ara‐C given every 24 hours for two doses following mitoxantrone 1 mg/m2 every 24 hours for two doses would be tolerated by most patients with subsequent dose escalation in some as allowed by myelosuppression.
Treatment of metastatic malignant melanoma with trimetrexate: A phase II study
Authors: Odujinrin Oluwole , Goldberg David , Doroshow James , Leong Lucille , Margolin Kim , Grove William , Carr Brian , Akman Steven 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTrimetrexate glucuronate, a nonclassical antifolate, was administered to 14 patients with recurrent and progressive metastatic malignant melanoma. Thirteen patients were evaluable for response and toxicity. Five patients had received prior treatment consisting of immunotherapy (one patient), immunotherapy plus radiotherapy (one patient), radiotherapy (one patient), chemotherapy (one patient), or radiotherapy and chemotherapy (one patient). The starting dose of trimetrexate was 8 mg/m2 given as an intravenous bolus daily for 5 consecutive days of a 21‐day cycle. Subsequent cycles of therapy were escalated by 25% based on individual patient tolerance. A median of two courses of trimetrexate was administered (range 1–4). No patient demonstrated a measurable objective response to this treatment regimen. Trimetrexate was well‐tolerated; toxicity was mild and consisted primarily of myelosuppression or nausea and vomiting. At the dose level and schedule used in this study, trimetrexate was not effective for the treatment of disseminated malignant melanoma.
Intraperitoneal and systemic chemotherapy for advanced endometrial adenocarcinoma: A case report
Authors: Vaughn Clarence B. , Chapman Janet L. , Herschman Barry R. , Bonczak Michael J. , Treisman Edward J. , Groshko Gayle A. , Nirenberg Pauline L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFive to ten percent of patients with adenocarcinoma of the endometrium present with advanced disease [1] or develop metastasis and require systemic therapy for control of disease. About one‐third (33%) of recurrent or advanced endometrial cancer responds to progestational agents [2–4]. The efficacy of a single chemotherapeutic agent in endometrial adenocarcinoma is in the range of 20–30% [5–7]. Multidrug programs have produced a response rate between 30% to 70% in advanced cancer of the endometrium [8–12]. Knapp et al. [13] and Esposito et al. [14] reported that the intraperitoneal route of chemotherapy administration produced peak concentration of the drug in the abdomen that was 30–400 times that attained by the intravenous route. This case report illustrates a favorable response in advanced endometrial adenocarcinoma to a multiagent program consisting of intraperitoneal administration of two agents and an oral progestational agent.
Acute superior vena caval thrombosis after central venous catheter removal: Successful treatment with thrombolytic therapy
Authors: Theriault Richard L. , Buzdar Aman U. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe use of central venous catheters for the administration of cancer chemotherapy has become commonplace, but a variety of potential complications related to catheter use have been clinically recognized. We report a patient in whom acute superior vena cava thrombosis developed after removal of a central venous catheter used to administer chemotherapy for breast cancer. Prompt clinical recognition and therapy resulted in resolution of the thrombus, both clinically and radiographically.
Nosocomial septicemia in the cancer patient: The influence of central venous access devices, neutropenia, and type of malignancy
Authors: Morrison Vicki A. , Peterson Bruce A. , Bloomfield Clara D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNosocomial septicemias that occurred over a 32‐month period on an inpatient medical oncology service were reviewed. One hundred four episodes of septicemia occurred in 84 patients, 33% with solid tumors and 67% with leukemia or lymphoma. Sixty were primary septicemias, with the remainder being secondary. Of the 118 isolates recovered, 42% were Gram‐positive organisms, 45% Gram‐negative organisms, and 13% were fungi. Coagulase‐negative staphylococci and Escherichia coli were the most common Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative isolates, respectively. The effect of the type of malignancy, neutropenic status, and presence of a central venous access device (CVAD) on the isolate(s) recovered was studied. Coagulase‐negative staphylococci were more commonly isolated from leukemia‐lymphoma patients (26% vs. 3%, P<.01), while Gram‐negative isolates (63% vs. 36%, P = .01), specifically Klebsiella species (21% vs. 5%, P = .02), were more common in solid tumor patients. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated more frequently from non‐neutropenic patients than from those with neutropenia (19% vs. 4%, P = .02). Gram‐positive isolates were more commonly found in patients with a CVAD (51% vs. 29%, P = .03), in particular coagulase‐negative staphylococci (29% vs. 2%, P<.001). In contrast, Gram‐negative isolates (62% vs. 34%), especially Klebsiella species (22% vs. 3%, P <.01) and S. aureus (18% vs. 5%, P = .07) were more commonly isolated from patients with no CVAD. Neither neutropenia nor the presence of a CVAD predisposed to early mortality. Our data suggest that empiric antimicrobial coverage for presumed nosocomial septicemia in the febrile cancer patient should include vancomycin for patients with a CVAD to cover coagulase‐negative staphylococci and a cephalosporin for patients with solid tumors, especially those without a CVAD, to cover Klebsiella species.
Pulmonary fibrosis associated with low‐dose adjuvant methyl‐CCNU
Authors: Block Margaret , Lachowiez Robert M. , Rios Carlos , Hirschl Simon 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPulmonary fibrosis is a serious side effect of nitrosourea therapy, occurring most frequently in patients treated with BCNU. Pulmonary fibrosis developed in a 63 year‐old male patient while being treated with adjuvant methyl‐CCNU for rectal carcinoma. This toxicity is rare with methyl‐CCNU, having only been reported once previously. The case of methyl‐CCNU‐induced pulmonary fibrosis reported here occurred at a much lower total dose than the first reported case (604 mg/m2 vs. 2,733 mg/m2). Details of the case history, including radiographic and pathologic findings, are presented.
Malignant pericardial tamponade
Authors: Rinkevich D. , Borovik R. , Bendett M. , Markiewicz W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe studied the clinical course and management of 27 patients with malignant pericardial tamponade seen in a single Medical Center over a 10 year period. Patients treated with repeat pericardial tap as their only mode of therapy had a high rate of recurrent tamponade (6 of 13 subjects) whereas most patients treated with drainage (either surgical or percutaneous) had sustained control of their pericardial effusion (achieved in 10/13 subjects). Intra‐pericardial instillation of tetracycline or cyclophosphamide did not clearly improve the good results obtained with drainage alone. Extensive pericardiectomy was required in 2 patients only.Irrespective of the mode of therapy, survival was poor in patients with carcinoma of lung (N = 10) with a median survival of 30 days only vs. 135 days for patients with breast carcinoma (N = 10).Patients with malignant pericardial tamponade are best treated with immediate drainage. Percutaneous and sub‐xiphoid surgical drainage are equally effective. Despite invasion of the pericardium by carcinoma, patients with a good oncologic prognosis may enjoy an appreciable survival with adequate quality of life following relief of tamponade.
Juvenile chronic myelocytic leukemia: Experience with intensive combination chemotherapy
Authors: Festa Robert S. , Shende Ashok , Lanzkowsky Philip 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSix children with juvenile chronic myelocytic leukemia (JCML) with adverse prognostic features were treated with intensive combination chemotherapy similar to that utilized in patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL). Despite obtaining hematologic remissions after induction therapy, clinical findings of extramedullary disease persisted. The use of intensive post‐induction chemotherapy did not erradicate persistent extramedullary disease, and all patients developed hematologic relapse and progressive disease at a median of 8 months. The median survival of the treated patients was 15 months. The use of intensive ANLL therapy in poor prognosis JCML does not improve the survival rates reported with less intensive regimens but does have value in producing hematologic remissions that may be useful in preparing patients for bone marrow transplant.
Excessive chemotherapy‐related granulocytopenia in a child with non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma and a congenital abnormality of purine salvage
Authors: Blatt Julie 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA girl with non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma and immunodeficiency based on absence of the purine salvage pathway enzyme purine nucleoside phosphorylase experienced profound neutropenia while receiving combination chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, vincristine, methotrexate, and prednisone (COMP). Neutropenia was most severe following courses that included either systemic or intrathecal methotrexate, even in the face of major dose reductions. Delays in the development of neutropenia‐during periods of leucovorin administration also implicate methotrexate as the primary responsible agent. This case suggests that certain immunodeficiency states predispose patients to extensive chemotherapy‐induced myelosuppression and supports the concept that purine salvage is a clinically important mechanism for modulating methotrexate toxicity.
Prevalence of naevocytic naevi after chemotherapy for childhood cancer
Authors: De Wit P. E. J. , De Vaan G. A. M. , De Boo Th. M. , Lemmens W. A. J. G. , Rampen F. H. J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe frequency of naevocytic naevi (moles) in patients with childhood haematologic malignancies was studied. All patients had received multiple chemotherapy. The majority had also received cranial irradiation as part of their central nervous system leukaemia/lymphoma prophylaxis. Total body mole counts of the patients were compared with those of their healthy brothers and sisters. The median number of moles in the patient group was 20.0 (n = 79), in the healthy sibs 11.0 (n = 88). In two subgroups mole counts of male and female patients were compared with those of their closest brother or sister. There were 19 male and 19 female pairs for comparison. Median numbers of moles were significantly higher in both patient groups than in the controls (P<0.05). It is suggested that multiple chemotherapy (and/or cranial irradiation) may induce or activate naevocytic naevi. These findings may have important implications with regard to the aetiology of melanoma.
Effect of abdominal irradiation on growth in boys treated for a wilms′ tumor
Authors: Wallace W. H. B. , Shalet S. M. , Morris‐Jones P. H. , Swindell R. , Gattamaneni H. R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTo study the effect of abdominal irradiation on spinal growth in childhood we have measured final height, sitting height, and leg length in 30 male survivors of a Wilms′ tumor. Twenty‐one patients received whole abdominal irradiation by either megavoltage therapy (MV: n=11) or orthovoltage therapy (OV: n=10); the remainder received flank irradiation. To examine the effect of the adolescent growth spurt on the irradiated spine we have followed prospectively seven patients who received whole abdominal irradiation and nine patients who received flank irradiation through puberty.Compared to a normal population there is a modest reduction in median final standing height SDS (H.SDS: −1.15) accompanied by a marked reduction in median final sitting height SDS (S.HT SDS: −2.41) with no apparent effect on median subischial leg length SDS (SILL.SDS: 0.04). This reduction in spinal growth is reflected by a strongly positive disproportion score (DPS; [SILL SDS — S.HT SDS] +2.81). The incidence of scoliosis after abdominal irradiation has been low (10%). During puberty there is a significant fall in median sitting height SDS after both whole abdominal (median fall: −0.9, P=0.02) and flank irradiation (median fall: −1.85, P=0.01), and this is reflected in a significant increase in disproportion (DPS: whole abdominal; median rise +1.4, P=0.02: flank, median rise +134, P=0.01). After MV irradiation there is a significant correlation between the degree of disproportion and the age at treatment (P <0.0005).The younger the patient is at treatment the more severe is the restriction on spinal growth and the shorter and more disproportionate they become as an adult. The estimated eventual loss in potential height from abdominal irradiation at the age of one is 10 cm and at five years is 7 cm.
Clinical trial and pharmacokinetics of carboplatin 560 mg/m2 in children
Authors: Doz Francois , Brugières Laurence , Bastian Gérard , Quintana Erica , Lemerle Jean , Zucker Jean‐Michel 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe report a clinical trial with carboplatin (CBDCA) in 15 children with malignant solid tumors recurrent after or resistant to conventional treatment. Based on previous phase I clinical trials, these children were given a dose of CBDCA 560 mg/m2 by intravenous infusion every 4 weeks.The study includes a pharmacokinetic analysis of CBDCA in three patients. This clinical trial shows the feasibility of this CBDCA schedule, even after high cumulative doses of previous chemotherapy. As expected the main toxicity was hematologic but the risk of renal and ototoxicity is not excluded and these functions have still to be monitored when this relatively high dose of CBDCA chemotherapy is used.
Decrease in childhood neuroblastoma death in Japan
Authors: Hanawa Yoshiyuki , Sawada Tadashi , Tsunoda Akio 
Published: February 2007

AbstractDeath statistics cards under 15 years of age submitted between 1979 and 1987 and coded as malignant neoplasms of organs or sites, in which neuroblastoma might affect, were inspected. A total of 1,037 cases of neuroblastoma death were identified.Total number of neuroblastoma deaths among those under 15 years of age ranged between 118 and 145 from 1979 to 1984. However, after 1985 the number of deaths showed a declining tendency Down to 89 in both 1985 and 1986 and totalling only 93 in 1987. This declining tendency was mostly‐seen among children between 1 to 4 years of age. In this age group, the rate of death in 1987 was about one half of that in 1979; In the other age groups no declining tendency of neuroblastoma death was found.The reason for the decrease in neuroblastoma death among children in Japan may be a result of widespread mass‐screening for neuroblastoma. However, further study is necessary before any final conclusions can be drawn.