bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hubungan Antara Obesitas Dengan Kadar Interleukin 6 (IL-6) Pada Populasi Anak Laki-Laki Di Kota Makassar.
Authors: Medellu Nurika Sarah , Makmun Armanto , Laddo Nirwana , Kamaluddin Irna Diyana Kartika , Ida Royani  , Zulfahmidah  
Published: March 2024

Obesitas terus meningkat di seluruh dunia, khususnya di Indonesia. Kondisi ini ditandai oleh peningkatan lemak tubuh yang berlebihan berdampak negatif pada kesehatan. Pengukuran obesitas menggunakan perhitungan IMT yaitu berat badan dalam kilogram dibagi dengan kuadrat tinggi badan dalam meter. Dikatakan obesitas jika IMT > 25kg/m2. Jaringan lemak pada orang dengan obesitas memiliki respons inflamasi rendah. Sel lemak yang meradang melepaskan sitokin pemicu rasa lapar seperti interleukin-6 (IL-6) dan tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Kadar IL-6 yang meningkat secara terus menerus dapat menyebabkan berbagai macam penyakit. Hubungan antara IL-6 dan obesitas adalah kompleks atau saling terkait dengan faktor lain. Obesitas merupakan kondisi multifaktorial yang dipengaruhi oleh genetik, gaya hidup, pola makan, dan lingkungan. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara obesitas dengan kadar Interleukin-6 dan mengetahui apa penyebab peningkatan kadar Interleukin-6 pada populasi anak laki-laki di Kota Makassar. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif analitik dengan studi observasional yang memakai desain kohort untuk melihat hubungan dari kadar IL-6 terhadap kondisi obesitas. Pengukuran kadar IL-6 pada plasma menggunakan metode Roche- cobas 6000. Hasil analisis didapatkan bahwa kadar Interleukin 6 pada kondisi obesitas merupakan kriteria rendah dengan nllai kolerasi p= 0.372; p < 0.05. Sementara hubungan usia dengan kadar interleukin 6 diperoleh nilai kolerasi 0.096; p >0.05 artinya tidak terdapat hubungan diantara kedua variabel atau termasuk kriteria sangat rendah. Hubungan kadar interleukin-6 pada populasi anak laki-laki dengan kondisi besitas terbilang cukup rendah dimana tidak terjadi peningkatan signifikan diantara keduanya. Tetapi, semakin tinggi Indeks massa tubuh seseorang kadar interleukin 6 terus meningkat walaupun tidak secara drastis.
Verb Formation Errors in Structuring Simple Past Sentences
Authors: Dahlia Anum , Harnani  
Published: March 2024

This study is an investigation of college students’ English tense knowledge, according to their work of writing simple past sentences. The students’ written work was analyzed to find the most frequent errors made by students when they were writing their activities done in the day before. The errors were then identified in the sentences on their writing. The study used descriptive qualitative method, and was conducted through (a) identifying the most frequent errors in student’s simple past sentences, (b) classifying the errors into their categories, and (c) analyzing what causes the errors to be made. The result shows that the most frequent errors made by college students in writing simple past sentences are errors of verb formation. The verb formation errors are classified into three forms of error: regularizations, archi-forms and alternating forms. The dominant errors found in this research are archi-form (88%) and alternating form (12%). The errors are most likely caused by the students’ confusion in selecting a class member of verb as there are two choices to use, the students’ growth of grammar knowledge that make them have bigger or more selection of verb use and the students’ comprehension failure of mastering tense.
Edukasi Tentang Skrining Kanker Serviks dengan Metode IVA Test
Authors: Hayu Ramah , Jesica Fanny 
Published: March 2024

Kanker serviks merupakan suatu penyakit yang umum terjadi dan menjadi ancaman serius bagi wanita di seluruh dunia. Akibat dari kanker serviks angka kejadian dan kematian pada wanita relative tinggi dan akan terus meningkat. Kanker serviks ini merupakan kanker yang menyerang organ reproduksi Wanita pada wanita subur dengan rentang usia antara 20 dan 35 tahun. Tujuan dari pada kegiatan penyuluhan sebagai upaya memperluas pengetahuan dan pemahaman usia subur tentang deteksi awal kanker serviks. Kegiatan ini dimulai dengan menanyakan pemahaman ibu tentang skrining kanker yaitu serviks. Selanjutnya dilakukan transfer materi melalui Power Point dan pendistribusian brosur. Seluruh ibu-ibu antusias mengikuti kampanye ini, terbukti dengan banyaknya pertanyaan dari ibu. Kegiatan ini efektif meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu; Terlihat pemahaman ibu meningkat sebelum dan sesudah konsultasi, dibuktikan dengan beberapa pertanyaan yang mampu ibu jawab. Tindakan ini merupakan salah satu langkah awal untuk memperluas pengetahuan ibu tentang skrining kanker leher rahim melalui Inspeksi Visual Asam Asetat (IVA).
A holistic student-centred guidance framework supports Finnish vocational education and training students in building competence identity
Authors: Raudasoja Anu , Rinne Soili , Heino Sanna 
Published: March 2024

This study deals with competence-based and student-centered Finnish initial vocational education and training (IVET). The main research question is how holistic guidance supports the building of the student’s competence identity in Finnish IVET. The holistic guidance in competence- and work-based vocational education and training is formally implemented when a personal competence development plan (PCDP) is drawn up for each student and informally in various interaction situations in studies, work, and leisure time. The guidance actors supported student’s personal growth, guided learning and provided career guidance. For this study, interviews were carried out with IVET students (n=15) and IVET teachers (n=29). The analysis carried out combined data-based and abductive qualitative content analysis methods. In the analysis results, the different guidance actors were organised into the following five levels of guidance: 1) IVET teachers, tutors, and workplace instructors, 2) IVET study counsellors and special needs teachers, 3) student welfare personnel, 4) leisure time actors and hobby instructors, and 5) employment specialists. Based on the results, a framework was designed for holistic student-centred guidance in Finnish IVET. This framework describes how active student agency and multidisciplinary guidance work can support the building and updating of the student’s competence identity. This study revealed that guidance processes are complex and highlights that many actors are, not only guidance specialists, needed to fulfil the task.
Develop prediction model to help forecast advanced prostate cancer patients’ prognosis after surgery using neural network
Authors: Li Shanshan , Cai Siyu , Huang Jinghong , Li Zongcheng , Shi Zhengyu , Zhang Kai , Jiao Juan , Li Wei , Pan Yuanming 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundThe effect of surgery on advanced prostate cancer (PC) is unclear and predictive model for postoperative survival is lacking yet.MethodsWe investigate the National Cancer Institute’s Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database, to collect clinical features of advanced PC patients. According to clinical experience, age, race, grade, pathology, T, N, M, stage, size, regional nodes positive, regional nodes examined, surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, history of malignancy, clinical Gleason score (composed of needle core biopsy or transurethral resection of the prostate specimens), pathological Gleason score (composed of prostatectomy specimens) and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) are the potential predictive variables. All samples are divided into train cohort (70% of total, for model training) and test cohort (30% of total, for model validation) by random sampling. We then develop neural network to predict advanced PC patients’ overall. Area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) is used to evaluate model’s performance.Results6380 patients, diagnosed with advanced (stage III-IV) prostate cancer and receiving surgery, have been included. The model using all collected clinical features as predictors and based on neural network algorithm performs best, which scores 0.7058 AUC (95% CIs, 0.7021-0.7068) in train cohort and 0.6925 AUC (95% CIs, 0.6906-0.6956) in test cohort. We then package it into a Windows 64-bit software.ConclusionPatients with advanced prostate cancer may benefit from surgery. In order to forecast their overall survival, we first build a clinical features-based prognostic model. This model is accuracy and may offer some reference on clinical decision making.
Micronized natural progesterone (Seidigestan®) vs GnRH antagonists for preventing the LH surge during controlled ovarian stimulation (PRO_NAT study): study protocol of a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Martínez-Moya M. , Guerrero J. , Girela J. L. , Pitas A. , Bernabeu A. , Bernabeu R. , Castillo J. C. 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionProgesterone-primed cycles effectively suppress the pituitary LH surge during ovarian stimulation in oocyte donors and in the infertile population. Particularly in oocyte donors, the use of synthetic progesterone (progestins) has been explored in prospective clinical trials, showing mixed results. This trial was designed to determine whether the use of micronized natural progesterone is as effective as the GnRH-antagonist protocol in terms of the number of mature oocytes (MII) retrieved in oocyte donation cycles as a primary outcome, and it also aims to explore the corresponding results in recipients as a secondary outcome.MethodsWe propose a prospective, open-label, non-inferiority clinical trial to compare a novel approach for oocyte donors with a control group, which follows the standard ovarian stimulation protocol used in our institution. A total of 150 donors (75 in each group) will be recruited and randomized using a computer algorithm. After obtaining informed consent, participants will be randomly assigned to one of two ovarian stimulation protocols: either the standard GnRH antagonist or the oral micronized natural progesterone protocol. Both groups will receive recombinant gonadotropins tailored to their antral follicle count and prior donation experiences, if any. The primary outcome is the number of mature metaphase II (MII) oocytes. Secondary measures include treatment duration, pregnancy outcomes in recipients, as well as the economic cost per MII oocyte obtained in each treatment regimen. Analyses for the primary outcome will be conducted in both the intention-to-treat (ITT) and per-protocol (PP) populations. Each donor can participate only once during the recruitment period. The estimated duration of the study is six months for the primary outcome and 15 months for the secondary outcomes.DiscussionThe outcomes of this trial have the potential to inform evidence-based adjustments in the management of ovarian stimulation protocols for oocyte donors.Clinical trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, identifier, NCT05954962.
Spatial-temporal evolution and influencing factors of ecological resilience in urban agglomerations: a case study of Shanxi section of the Yellow River Basin
Authors: Wang Jinfang , Lv Zhihong , Cao Ye , Wang Shifeng , Zhen Zhilei 
Published: March 2024

Scientific assessment of the development status and factors influencing the urban ecological resilience of the Yellow River Basin (YRB) is highly significant for promoting its development. This study constructed an evaluation index system for urban ecological resilience considering the four dimensions of pressure, state, response, and innovation. The spatiotemporal ecological resilience of the urban agglomeration (UA) in the Shanxi section of the YRB from 2012 to 2021 was studied using kernel density estimation, Dagum Gini coefficient, and standard deviation ellipse, and the influencing factors of urban ecological resilience were analyzed using a geographic detector. This research revealed that (1) the ecological resilience of cities in the Shanxi section of the YRB experienced a fluctuation process of rise—fall—rise. The urban ecological resilience generally reflected a gradient decreasing spatial pattern of Central Shanxi UA &gt; South Shanxi UA &gt; North Shanxi UA, and gradually changed from the dual core of “Taiyuan—Jincheng City” to the single core of Taiyuan City. (2) The migration trajectory of urban ecological resilience center of gravity fluctuated in the direction of “northwest-southeast,” and moved 12.63 km to the southeast overall. (3) The water supply per ten thousand Yuan GDP, occupied area of construction land per ten thousand Yuan GDP, green coverage rate in built-up areas, ratio of research and experimental development funds (R&amp;D) to GDP, proportion of science and technology expenditure in local fiscal expenditure, and patent licensing quantity index have a high influence on urban ecological toughness at all stages. This influence was further strengthened by the interaction between factors. This study provides an important scientific basis for shaping high-quality development advantages in the YRB and creating a resilient and livable environment.
Advancing bee conservation in the US: gaps and opportunities in data collection and reporting
Authors: Rousseau Josée S. , Woodard S. Hollis , Jepsen Sarina , Du Clos Brianne , Johnston Alison , Danforth Bryan N. , Rodewald Amanda D. 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionBee conservation in the US is currently hindered by challenges associated with assessing the status and trends of a diverse group of &gt;3000 species, many of which are rare, endemic to small areas, and/or exhibit high inter-annual variationin population size. Fundamental information about the distribution of most species across space and time, thus, is lacking yet urgently needed to assess population status, guide conservation plans, and prioritize actions among species and geographies.MethodsUsing wild bee data from two public data repositories representing the contiguous US, we evaluated the availability and sufficiency of data for use in species assessments of wild bees. We also examined the number of bee species recorded in each US state and the proportion of species with recent records (2012–2021).ResultsAlthough efforts to monitor bees continue to grow, there remains a massive paucity of data. Exceedingly few records (0.04%)reported both sampling protocol and effort, greatly limiting the usefulness of the data. Few species or locations have adequate publicly available data to support analyses of population status or trends, and fewer than half of species have sufficient data to delineate geographic range. Despite an exponential increase in data submissions since the 2000s, only 47% of species were reported within the last decade, which may be driven by how data are collected, reported, and shared, or may reflect troubling patterns of local or large-scale declines and extirpations.DiscussionBased on our analysis, we provide recommendations to improve the quality and quantity of data that can be used to detect, understand, and respond to changes in wild bee populations.
Disruption of IL-17-mediated immunosurveillance in the respiratory mucosa results in invasive Streptococcus pyogenes infection
Authors: Mills Jamie-Lee , Lepletier Ailin , Ozberk Victoria , Dooley Jessica , Kaden Jacqualine , Calcutt Ainslie , Huo Yongbao , Hicks Allan , Zaid Ali , Good Michael F. , Pandey Manisha 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionStreptococcus pyogenes is a Gram-positive pathogen that causes a significant global burden of skin pyoderma and pharyngitis. In some cases, infection can lead to severe invasive streptococcal diseases. Previous studies have shown that IL-17 deficiency in mice (IL-17−/−) can reduce S. pyogenes clearance from the mucosal surfaces. However, the effect of IL-17 on the development of severe invasive streptococcal disease has not yet been assessed.MethodsHere, we modeled single or repeated non-lethal intranasal (IN) S. pyogenes M1 strain infections in immunocompetent and IL-17−/− mice to assess bacterial colonization following a final IN or skin challenge.ResultsImmunocompetent mice that received a single S. pyogenes infection showed long-lasting immunity to subsequent IN infection, and no bacteria were detected in the lymph nodes or spleens. However, in the absence of IL-17, a single IN infection resulted in dissemination of S. pyogenes to the lymphoid organs, which was accentuated by repeated IN infections. In contrast to what was observed in the respiratory mucosa, skin immunity did not correlate with the systemic levels of IL-17. Instead, it was found to be associated with the activation of germinal center responses and accumulation of neutrophils in the spleen.DiscussionOur results demonstrated that IL-17 plays a critical role in preventing invasive disease following S. pyogenes infection of the respiratory tract.
High-intensity focused ultrasound for endometrial ablation in adenomyosis: a clinical study
Authors: Wu Siyun , Liu Jun , Liu Xiaoshan , Han Yanhua 
Published: March 2024

ObjectiveThe present study aimed to investigate the clinical efficacy of endometrial ablation with high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) for symptom relief in women with adenomyosis.MethodsBetween July 2014 and July 2020, 167 patients with adenomyosis treated at the Zhongshan City People’s Hospital were enrolled in this study. Patients were divided into two groups according to patient aspirations: the control group, including patients who only underwent ablation of adenomyosis lesions (group A) and the treatment group, including patients who underwent removal of adenomyosis lesions and endometrial ablation (group B).ResultsThe reduced dysmenorrhea scores (visual analog scale) and menstrual volume scores (pictorial blood assessment chart) were measured before and after treatment. The scores were obtained by subtracting the postoperative scores from the preoperative scores and were compared to determine whether the symptoms had alleviated. Compared with the menstrual volume of group A, that in group B showed significant improvements. The average relief rates of dysmenorrhea in the two groups also showed significant improvement. However, the scores in group B showed a more significant improvement than those in group A.ConclusionTherefore, our findings suggest that endometrial ablation using HIFU may be superior to conventional therapy with regard to alleviating the symptoms of increased menstruation in women with adenomyosis.
Methodological biases in observational hospital studies of COVID-19 treatment effectiveness: pitfalls and potential
Authors: Martinuka Oksana , Hazard Derek , Marateb Hamid Reza , Mansourian Marjan , Mañanas Miguel Ángel , Romero Sergio , Rubio-Rivas Manuel , Wolkewitz Martin 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionThis study aims to discuss and assess the impact of three prevalent methodological biases: competing risks, immortal-time bias, and confounding bias in real-world observational studies evaluating treatment effectiveness. We use a demonstrative observational data example of COVID-19 patients to assess the impact of these biases and propose potential solutions.MethodsWe describe competing risks, immortal-time bias, and time-fixed confounding bias by evaluating treatment effectiveness in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. For our demonstrative analysis, we use observational data from the registry of patients with COVID-19 who were admitted to the Bellvitge University Hospital in Spain from March 2020 to February 2021 and met our predefined inclusion criteria. We compare estimates of a single-dose, time-dependent treatment with the standard of care. We analyze the treatment effectiveness using common statistical approaches, either by ignoring or only partially accounting for the methodological biases. To address these challenges, we emulate a target trial through the clone-censor-weight approach.ResultsOverlooking competing risk bias and employing the naïve Kaplan-Meier estimator led to increased in-hospital death probabilities in patients with COVID-19. Specifically, in the treatment effectiveness analysis, the Kaplan-Meier estimator resulted in an in-hospital mortality of 45.6% for treated patients and 59.0% for untreated patients. In contrast, employing an emulated trial framework with the weighted Aalen-Johansen estimator, we observed that in-hospital death probabilities were reduced to 27.9% in the “X”-treated arm and 40.1% in the non-“X”-treated arm. Immortal-time bias led to an underestimated hazard ratio of treatment.ConclusionOverlooking competing risks, immortal-time bias, and confounding bias leads to shifted estimates of treatment effects. Applying the naïve Kaplan-Meier method resulted in the most biased results and overestimated probabilities for the primary outcome in analyses of hospital data from COVID-19 patients. This overestimation could mislead clinical decision-making. Both immortal-time bias and confounding bias must be addressed in assessments of treatment effectiveness. The trial emulation framework offers a potential solution to address all three methodological biases.
Multi-epitope vaccine design for hepatitis E virus based on protein ORF2 and ORF3
Authors: Lu Qiong , Wu Hao , Meng Jing , Wang Jiangyuan , Wu Jiajing , Liu Shuo , Tong Jincheng , Nie Jianhui , Huang Weijin 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionHepatitis E virus (HEV), with heightened virulence in immunocompromised individuals and pregnant women, is a pervasive threat in developing countries. A globaly available vaccine against HEV is currently lacking.MethodsWe designed a multi-epitope vaccine based on protein ORF2 and ORF3 of HEV using immunoinformatics.ResultsThe vaccine comprised 23 nontoxic, nonallergenic, soluble peptides. The stability of the docked peptide vaccine-TLR3 complex was validated by molecular dynamic simulations. The induction of effective cellular and humoral immune responses by the multi-peptide vaccine was verified by simulated immunization.DiscussionThese findings provide a foundation for future HEV vaccine studies.
Identification of host proteins interacting with the E protein of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus
Authors: Qiu Yingwu , Sun Yingshuo , Zheng Xiaoyu , Gong Lang , Yang Liangyu , Xiang Bin 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionPorcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) is an acute, highly contagious, and high-mortality enterophilic infectious disease caused by the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV). PEDV is globally endemic and causes substantial economic losses in the swine industry. The PEDV E protein is the smallest structural protein with high expression levels that interacts with the M protein and participates in virus assembly. However, how the host proteins interact with E proteins in PEDV replication remains unknown.MethodsWe identified host proteins that interact with the PEDV E protein using a combination of PEDV E protein-labeled antibody co-immunoprecipitation and tandem liquid-chromatography mass-spectroscopy (LC-MS/MS).ResultsBioinformatical analysis showed that in eukaryotes, ribosome biogenesis, RNA transport, and amino acid biosynthesis represent the three main pathways that are associated with the E protein. The interaction between the E protein and isocitrate dehydrogenase [NAD] β-subunit (NAD-IDH-β), DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB9, and mRNA-associated protein MRNP 41 was validated using co-immunoprecipitation and confocal assays. NAD-IDH-β overexpression significantly inhibited viral replication.DiscussionThe antiviral effect of NAD-IDH-β suggesting that the E protein may regulate host metabolism by interacting with NAD-IDH-β, thereby reducing the available energy for viral replication. Elucidating the interaction between the PEDV E protein and host proteins may clarify its role in viral replication. These results provide a theoretical basis for the study of PEDV infection mechanism and antiviral targets.