bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atomic‐Scale Studies of Metallic Nanocluster Catalysts by in situ High‐Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy
Authors: Helveg Stig , Hansen Poul L. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Particle Size Distributions in Heterogeneous Catalysts: What Do They Tell Us About the Sintering Mechanism?
Authors: Datye Abhaya K. , Xu Qing , Kharas Karl C. , McCarty Jon M. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Reconstructive Synthesis of Functional Organic Molecules via Cleavage of Carbon—Carbon Bonds
Authors: Kondo Teruyuki , Mitsudo Take‐aki 
Published: March 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Revisited After 50 Years: The “Stereochemical Interpretation of the Biogenetic Isoprene Rule for the Triterpenes”
Authors: Eschenmoser Albert , Arigoni Duilio 
Published: March 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of 2‐, 4‐ and 5‐(2‐Alkylcarbamoyl‐1‐methylvinyl)‐7‐alkyloxybenzo[b]furans and Their Leukotriene B4 Receptor Antagonistic Activity
Authors: Ando Kumiko 
Published: March 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of Glycosides Containing Quinazolin‐4(3H)‐one Ring System
Authors: El‐Hiti Gamal A. , Abdel‐Megeed Mohamed F. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Structure, Activity, Synthesis and Biosynthesis of Aryl‐C‐glycosides
Authors: Bililign Tsion , Griffith Byron R. , Thorson Jon S. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Catalysts for Heterogeneous Photocatalysis. Part 1. Possibilities to Improve Photoefficiency Through Catalyst Modification
Authors: Caliman Anca Florentina , Balasanian Ion 
Published: March 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibitors Containing the Carboxamidine Group or Its Isosteres
Authors: Proskuryakov S. Ya. , Konoplyannikov A. G. , Skvortzov V. G. , Mandrugin A. A. , Fedoseev V. M. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Phenotypic Taxonomy and Metabolite Profiling in Microbial Drug Discovery
Authors: Larsen Thomas O. , Smedsgaard Joern , Nielsen Kristian F. , Hansen Michael E. , Frisvad Jens C. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Classification of conformation for sugar amino acid systems using chiroptical spectroscopy
Authors: Edwards Alison A. , Fleet George W. J. , Tranter George E. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractA number of structurally related sugar amino acid systems have been examined by chiroptical methods to aid interpretation of their conformational preference. The use of circular dichroism, in addition to NMR and solution IR, has enabled classification of the conformations adopted by sugar amino acid systems as hydrogen‐bonded regular, non‐hydrogen‐bonded regular, and non‐hydrogen‐bonded irregular. A set of tetrameric SAAs are examined and the effect of change in primary structure related to conformation. Chirality, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Optical‐Limiting and Photophysical Properties of Two Soluble Chloroindium Phthalocyanines with α‐ and β‐Alkoxyl Substituents
Authors: Wang Shuangqing , Gan Quan , Zhang Yongfang , Li Shayu , Xu Huijun , Yang Guoqiang 
Published: March 2006

AbstractTwo soluble heavy‐metal phthalocyanine derivatives, namely, tetra‐α‐(2‐ethylbutoxy) chloroindium phthalocyanine (α‐InPcCl) and tetra‐β‐(2‐ethylbutoxy) chloroindium phthalocyanine (β‐InPcCl), were synthesized. Their optical‐limiting properties in THF solution were investigated with a 532 nm nanosecond laser. The differences in the optical‐limiting properties are attributed to their different photophysical properties. α‐InPcCl is superior to β‐InPcCl as optical‐limiting material, α substitution could be a useful factor to be considered in designing optical limiting materials based on metal phthalocyanines.
The pros and cons of change in individuals with eating disorders: A broader perspective
Authors: Gale Corinne , Holliday Joanna , Troop Nicholas A. , Serpell Lucy , Treasure Janet 
Published: March 2006

AbstractObjective:The goals of the current study were to develop a questionnaire measuring the pros and cons of eating disorder symptoms and to explore the themes endorsed by different eating disorder groups.Method:Participants recruited from an eating disorder volunteer register and an outpatient clinic completed the Pros and Cons of Eating Disorders scale (P‐CED). Principal components analyses (PCA) were performed to validate the factorial structure of the original items and to explore the factorial structure of the new items. Planned comparisons were used to compare P‐CED scores between diagnostic groups.Results:PCA indicated a 10‐factor solution for the original Pros and Cons of Anorexia Nervosa scale (P‐CAN) items and a 4‐factor solution for the new items. Participants with anorexia nervosa (AN) scored significantly higher than participants with bulimia nervosa (BN) on five of the P‐CED subscales but there were no significant differences between the two AN subtypes.Conclusion:The P‐CED is a useful tool for identifying the positive and negative aspects of eating disorders that can be targeted in treatment or used as an outcome measure in research. © 2006 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2006.
Personality traits after recovery from eating disorders: Do subtypes differ?
Authors: Wagner Angela , Barbarich‐Marsteller Nicole C. , Frank Guido K. , Bailer Ursula F. , Wonderlich Stephen A. , Crosby Ross D. , Henry Shannan E. , Vogel Victoria , Plotnicov Katherine , McConaha Claire , Kaye Walter H. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractObjective:We compared individuals recovered from anorexia (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) to determine characteristics that are shared by or distinguish eating disorder (ED) subtypes.Method:Sixty women recovered for ≥ 1 year from AN or BN were compared with 47 control women (CW). Assessments included the Yale‐Brown‐Cornell Eating Disorder Scale, the Spielberger State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory, the Beck Depression Inventory, the Yale‐Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale, the Temperament and Character Inventory, and Structured Clinical Interviews for DSM‐IV.Results:Individuals recovered from an ED had similar scores for mood and personality variables that were significantly higher than the scores for CW. Few recovered subjects had Cluster B personality disorder. Most individuals recovered within 6 years of their ED onset. A latent profile analysis identified an “inhibited” and “disinhibited” cluster based on personality traits.Conclusion:A wide range of symptoms persist after recovery and do not differ between subtypes of ED. These findings may aid in identifying traits that create vulnerabilities for developing an ED. © 2006 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2006.
Image labeling using key sentences of HTML
Authors: Sagara Naoki , Sunayama Wataru , Yachida Masahiko 
Published: March 2006

AbstractThe word “multimedia” is commonly heard nowadays. The essential meaning of this word encompasses a broad range of contents. However, it is indisputable that information processing from now on will focus on visual information such as video and images, which are intuitively easy for us to understand and which carry a great deal of information. Therefore, in this paper, we propose an image labeling technique for supporting image retrieval on the Web by focusing on the relationship between images on Web pages and key sentences within related text areas and assigning labels to images based on these key sentences. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 3, 89(7): 31–41, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley. com). DOI 10.1002/ecjc.20254
Reciprocal knowledge use in the mining of semistructured data and HMM‐based information extraction
Authors: Maruyama Kohei , Uehara Kuniaki 
Published: March 2006

AbstractIn this paper we propose a method for the reciprocal use of knowledge between association rule extraction (a technique from data mining) and HMM‐based information extraction. Association rule extraction is a method that is generally applied to structured data and is either inefficient or intractable when applied to data that lacks an accurate information schema. In this paper we use HMM‐based information extraction to automatically recognize the attributes of each word in a set of textual data and assign tags in order to structure this data. In addition, we use the degree of association between words seen in the association rules extracted from the structured data to weight the HMM parameters in order to improve the recognition accuracy of the information extraction procedure and allow knowledge to be reciprocally shared between the data mining and information extraction procedures. Besides this we propose a data mining method that uses representative schema patterns found in different types of semistructured data such as tagged or BibTeX data using schema discovery methods. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 3, 89(7): 51–60, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecjc.20256
One Dimensional 3d–4f Heterometallic Compounds: Synthesis, Structure and Magnetic Properties
Authors: Figuerola Albert , Ribas Joan , Solans Xavier , Font‐Bardía Merce , Maestro Miguel , Diaz Carmen 
Published: March 2006

AbstractThe reaction of Ln(NO3)3·aq with K3[Fe(CN)6] or K3[Co(CN)6] and 2,2′:6′,2″‐terpyridine in water/methanol solution led to three one‐dimensional complexes: trans‐[Ln(H2O)4 (terpy)(μ‐CN)2M(CN)4]n (Ln = La3+ or Sm3+; M = Fe3+ or Co3+). The structures of [SmFe]n (1), [SmCo]n (2) and [LaFe]n (3) have been solved; the complexes 1 and 2 crystallize in the monoclinic space P21/c and are isomorphous, complex 3 crystallizes in the triclinic space P$\bar {1}$. No significant magnetic interaction was found between the samarium(III) and the iron(III) ions. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
Application of Elimination Voltammetry to the Resolution of Adenine and Cytosine Signals in Oligonucleotides II. Hetero‐Oligodeoxynucleotides with Different Sequences of Adenine and Cytosine Nucleotides
Authors: Trnková Libuše , Jelen František , Postbieglová Irena 
Published: March 2006

AbstractElimination voltammetry with linear scan (EVLS) was applied to the resolution of reduction signals of adenine (A) and cytosine (C) residues in short synthetic hetero‐oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) with different sequences of A and C. The EVLS evaluation required linear sweep voltammograms measured on a hanging mercury drop electrode (HMDE) at different scan rates. Compared to linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) and usual voltammetric methods the EVLS is capable of resolving the overlapped A and C signals, specifically by using the elimination function which eliminates the charging and kinetic currents (Ic, Ik) and conserves the diffusion current (Id). Since for an adsorbed electroactive substance this elimination function yields a well readable peak–counterpeak signal, the adsorptive stripping (AdS) procedure was favorably used. The adsorption of ODNs was carried out at −0.1 V for accumulation time of 120 s under stirring. It was found that heights and potentials of LSV signals were affected by ODNs concentrations, pH, scan rates, time of accumulation, and stirring speed during the adsorption. While on LSV curves the only one reduction peak of A and C residues was observed in all ODNs, the EVLS yielded two separated peaks in dependence on A, C sequences and pH. Our results showed that the EVLS in connection with the AdS procedure is a useful tool for qualitative and quantitative studies of short ODNs and a promising sensitive method for the development of electrochemical sensor following the ODN sequences.
Ab initio calculations of intramolecular parameters for a class of arylamide polymers
Authors: Vemparala Satyavani , Ivanov Ivaylo , Pophristic Vojislava , Spiegel Katrin , Klein Michael L. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractUsing DFT methods, we have determined intramolecular parameters for an important class of arylamide polymers displaying antimicrobial and anticoagulant inhibitory properties. A strong link has been established between these functions and the conformation that the polymers adopt in solution and at lipid bilayer interfaces. Thus, it is imperative for molecular dynamics simulations designed to probe the conformational behavior of these systems to accurately describe the torsional degrees of freedom. Standard force fields were shown to be deficient in this respect. Therefore, we have computed the relevant torsional energy profiles using a series of constrained geometry optimizations. We have also determined electrostatic parameters using our results in combination with standard RESP charge optimization. Force constants for bond and angle potentials were calculated by iteratively matching quantum and classical normal modes via a Monte Carlo scheme. The resulting new set of parameters accurately described the conformation and dynamical behavior of the arylamide polymers. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 27: 693–700, 2006
Presence of immunounreactive albumin in the urine of diabetic patients
Authors: Nakayama Aki , Ida Takashi , Hatano Yoshiji , Oohara Kayoko , Yoshida Hiroshi , Baba Toshiaki , Sakamoto Hisashi , Shiba Kiyoko 
Published: March 2006

AbstractRecent studies have demonstrated that conventional immunochemical assays underestimate urinary albumin concentration because of the presence of immunounreactive albumin. It has been reported that intact urinary albumin in 24‐hr diabetic urine samples could be detected as total concentration (immunoreactive+immunounreactive) by an HPLC method based on size exclusion chromatography. The aim of this study was to investigate urinary albumin concentration in diabetic spot urine samples by comparing the HPLC method with several other methods. The albumin concentrations on 80 diabetic spot urine specimens were measured by turbidimetric immunoassay (TIA), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and a dipstick method.In addition, they were also analyzed by reducing sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS PAGE) and native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (Native PAGE). The albumin concentrations derived from diabetic spot urine samples measured by the HPLC method were higher than those of the other methods except for five of 80 samples. Furthermore, the albumin concentrations analyzed by Native PAGE were higher than SDS PAGE in 61 (76.2%) of 80 samples. This study suggests the need for evaluating diabetes not only by HPLC, but also by combining it with another method. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 20:29–36, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Detection of carcinomas in an asymptomatic Chinese population: advantage of screening with multiple tumor markers
Authors: Tsao Kuo‐Chien , Wu Tsu‐Lan , Chang Pi‐Yueh , Hong Ji‐Hong , Wu James T. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractA total of 73,443 asymptomatic individuals were screened on a voluntary basis for cancer at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital in Taiwan using a panel of tumor markers, including alpha fetoprotein (AFP), CA 125, CA 15‐3, CA 19‐9, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), prostate specific antigen (PSA), chromogranin A (CgA), and squamous cell specific antigen (SCC). The results are derived from data collected from January 1998 to October 2003. A total of 210 cancers (approximately 0.3%) were detected, including cancers of the liver, lung, colon, prostate, stomach, pancreas, breast, cervix, ovary, and bladder. Of the tumor markers monitored, elevated CA 19‐9, CEA, and CA 125 were the most frequently detected in a variety of cancers. It was surprising to find that many cancers were not detected by their dominant markers but by the elevation of tumor markers not recommended for monitoring their tumor activity. Screening with multiple circulating tumor markers provides improved sensitivity for cancer detection in asymptomatic individuals before they reach the fatal advanced stage. Screening with multiple tumor markers also allows cancers to be detected in the absence of their dominant markers. If we had not measured the multiple tumor markers, these cancers would have gone undetected. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 20:42–46, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Integrative principles for treating substance use disorders
Authors: Haaga David A. F. , McCrady Barbara , Lebow Jay 
Published: March 2006

AbstractThis article, based on B. McCrady, D. Haaga, and J. Lebow (2006), provides guidance for the treatment of substance use disorders by identifying empirically based principles that underpin effective treatment systems and effective treatments. To promote the flexible application of empirically based principles to individual clients, the authors (a) integrate therapeutic, participant, and relationship factors (drawn from reviews by B.S. McCrady & P.E. Nathan, 2006; D.A.F. Haaga, S.M. Hall, & A. Haas, 2006; and J. Lebow, J. Kelly, L.M. Knobloch‐Fedders, & R. Moos, 2006) into a comprehensive description of treatment, (b) integrate common and specific principles of changes into articulated descriptions of treatment, and (c) identify directions for research to improve the sensitivity and specificity of treatment. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 62: 675–684, 2006.
Perceptions of depression among recovered‐depressed and never‐depressed individuals
Authors: Wernicke Rachel A. , Pearlman Michelle Y. , Thorndike Frances P. , Haaga David A. F. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractResearch on lay beliefs about depression has shown that recovered‐depressed people evaluate their own depressive experiences as more distressing than do those who have never experienced major depression. This study tested whether history of depression would influence beliefs about others' experiences of depression. Recovered‐depressed (n = 63) and never‐depressed adults (n = 64) completed the Self‐Appraisal Questionnaire (R‐SAQ; J.C. Coyne & M.M. Calarco, 1995) revised to address perceptions of others' experiences of depression. History of depression was not associated with R‐SAQ scores. In supplementary analyses, self‐reported depression proneness was also uncorrelated with perceptions of others' depression. People without a history of major depression were just as likely to recognize the highly debilitating nature of depression for others. Although nondepressed people frequently fail to convey empathy to friends or relatives who are depressed, this failure probably does not reflect lack of knowledge that depression is incapacitating. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 62: 771–776, 2006.
Fluorescence lifetime images and correlation spectra obtained by multidimensional time‐correlated single photon counting
Authors: Becker W. , Bergmann A. , Haustein E. , Petrasek Z. , Schwille P. , Biskup C. , Kelbauskas L. , Benndorf K. , Klöcker N. , Anhut T. , Riemann I. , König K. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractMultidimensional time‐correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) is based on the excitation of the sample by a high‐repetition rate laser and the detection of single photons of the fluorescence signal in several detection channels. Each photon is characterized by its arrival time in the laser period, its detection channel number, and several additional variables such as the coordinates of an image area, or the time from the start of the experiment. Combined with a confocal or two‐photon laser scanning microscope and a pulsed laser, multidimensional TCSPC makes a fluorescence lifetime technique with multiwavelength capability, near‐ideal counting efficiency, and the capability to resolve multiexponential decay functions. We show that the same technique and the same hardware can be used for precision fluorescence decay analysis and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) in selected spots of a sample. Microsc. Res. Tech. 69:186–195, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Spectral characterization of Dictyostelium autofluorescence
Authors: Engel Ruchira , Van Haastert Peter J.M. , Visser Antonie J.W.G. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractDictyostelium discoideum is used extensively as a model organism for the study of chemotaxis. In recent years, an increasing number of studies of Dictyostelium chemotaxis have made use of fluorescence‐based techniques. One of the major factors that can interfere with the application of these techniques in cells is the cellular autofluorescence. In this study, the spectral properties of Dictyostelium autofluorescence have been characterized using fluorescence microscopy. Whole cell autofluorescence spectra obtained using spectral imaging microscopy show that Dictyostelium autofluorescence covers a wavelength range from ∼500 to 650 nm with a maximum at ∼510 nm, and thus, potentially interferes with measurements of green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusion proteins with fluorescence microscopy techniques. Further characterization of the spatial distribution, intensity, and brightness of the autofluorescence was performed with fluorescence confocal microscopy and fluorescence fluctuation spectroscopy (FFS). The autofluorescence in both chemotaxing and nonchemotaxing cells is localized in discrete areas. The high intensity seen in cells incubated in the growth medium HG5 reduces by around 50% when incubated in buffer, and can be further reduced by around 85% by photobleaching cells for 5–7 s. The average intensity and spatial distribution of the autofluorescence do not change with long incubations in the buffer. The cellular autofluorescence has a seven times lower molecular brightness than eGFP. The influence of autofluorescence in FFS measurements can be minimized by incubating cells in buffer during the measurements, prebleaching, and making use of low excitation intensities. The results obtained in this study thus offer guidelines to the design of future fluorescence studies of Dictyostelium. Microsc. Res. Tech. 69:168–174, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.