bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wireless pressure monitoring system utilizing a 3D-printed Origami pressure sensor array
Authors: Moeinnia Hadi , Agron Danielle Jaye , Ganzert Carl , Schubert Loren , Kim Woo Soo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe present here a 3D-printed pressure mapping mat, equipped with customizable architecture sensors, that offers a cost-effective and adaptable solution, overcoming the size constraints and sensing accuracy issues commonly associated with existing commercial pressure mats across various fields, such as healthcare and sports applications. Leveraging a pillar-origami structure, the demonstrated sensor offers multifaceted stiffness properties, effectively filtering skin deformations and enabling capacitive pressure sensing. Notably, the sensor’s detection range can be finely tuned, spanning from 70 to 2500 kPa, with a sensitivity range between 0.01 kPa-1 and 0.0002 kPa-1, and an impressive response time of just 800 milliseconds. Furthermore, the inclusion of a modular sensor array enhances maintenance and allows for greater flexibility in shaping and enhancing the device’s resolution. This technology finds practical applications in wireless foot pressure mapping and sports protection pads, marking a significant milestone in the advancement of flexible and custom-shaped pressure sensor technology.
Influences of amyloid-β and tau on white matter neurite alterations in dementia with Lewy bodies
Authors: Mak Elijah , Reid Robert I. , Przybelski Scott A. , Lesnick Timothy G. , Schwarz Christopher G. , Senjem Matthew L. , Raghavan Sheelakumari , Vemuri Prashanthi , Jack Clifford R. , Min Hoon Ki , Jain Manoj K. , Miyagawa Toji , Forsberg Leah K. , Fields Julie A. , Savica Rodolfo , Graff-Radford Jonathan , Jones David T. , Botha Hugo , St. Louis Erik K. , Knopman David S. , Ramanan Vijay K. , Dickson Dennis W. , Graff-Radford Neill R. , Ferman Tanis J. , Petersen Ronald C. , Lowe Val J. , Boeve Bradley F. , O’Brien John T. , Kantarci Kejal 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is a neurodegenerative condition often co-occurring with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology. Characterizing white matter tissue microstructure using Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Imaging (NODDI) may help elucidate the biological underpinnings of white matter injury in individuals with DLB. In this study, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and NODDI metrics were compared in 45 patients within the dementia with Lewy bodies spectrum (mild cognitive impairment with Lewy bodies (n = 13) and probable dementia with Lewy bodies (n = 32)) against 45 matched controls using conditional logistic models. We evaluated the associations of tau and amyloid-β with DTI and NODDI parameters and examined the correlations of AD-related white matter injury with Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR). Structural equation models (SEM) explored relationships among age, APOE ε4, amyloid-β, tau, and white matter injury. The DLB spectrum group exhibited widespread white matter abnormalities, including reduced fractional anisotropy, increased mean diffusivity, and decreased neurite density index. Tau was significantly associated with limbic and temporal white matter injury, which was, in turn, associated with worse CDR. SEM revealed that amyloid-β exerted indirect effects on white matter injury through tau. We observed widespread disruptions in white matter tracts in DLB that were not attributed to AD pathologies, likely due to α-synuclein-related injury. However, a fraction of the white matter injury could be attributed to AD pathology. Our findings underscore the impact of AD pathology on white matter integrity in DLB and highlight the utility of NODDI in elucidating the biological basis of white matter injury in DLB.
Reverse development of vaccines against antimicrobial-resistant pathogens
Authors: Bagnoli Fabio , Galgani Ilaria , Vadivelu V. Kumaran , Phogat Sanjay 
Published: April 2024

AbstractVaccine R&D is typically a lengthy process taking >10 years. However, vaccines still fail in clinical development because of unreliable animal models or absent immunological correlates of protection. Without a correlate of protection, phase-1 and -2 studies of safety and immunogenicity can fail to predict phase-3 efficacy. Indeed, the history of vaccine development is replete with promising phase-1 and -2 results and failed phase-3 efficacy trials. To avoid this misfortune, we present Reverse Vaccine Development for vaccines against antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) pathogens. In this approach, instead of evaluating efficacy in phase 3, proof-of-principle efficacy is evaluated as early as possible in a population with a high incidence of disease, which may differ from the population intended for registration, and can be a controlled human infection population. To identify a correlate of protection in these populations, the vaccine-elicited immune response is compared between protected and unprotected subjects. If a correlate is identified, it can help to refine the vaccine dosage, schedule, and formulation, and facilitate the assessment of vaccine efficacy in other populations with different attack rates, subject characteristics, and disease manifestations. This may be the only way to provide life-saving vaccines to populations affected by AMR-pathogen diseases at incidences that are typically low and unsuited to phase-3 efficacy trials. The availability of a correlate of protection early in clinical development can potentially prevent failures of large phase-3 trials and unnecessary exposures of populations to inefficacious vaccines that have resulted in disinvestment in the development of vaccines against AMR pathogens.
An air- and moisture-stable ruthenium precatalyst for diverse reactivity
Authors: McArthur Gillian , Docherty Jamie H. , Hareram Mishra Deepak , Simonetti Marco , Vitorica-Yrezabal Iñigo J. , Douglas James J. , Larrosa Igor 
Published: April 2024

AbstractVersatile, efficient and robust (pre)catalysts are pivotal in accelerating the discovery and optimization of chemical reactions, shaping diverse synthetic fields such as cross-coupling, C–H functionalization and polymer chemistry. Yet, their scarcity in certain domains has hindered the advancement and adoption of new applications. Here we present a highly reactive air- and moisture-stable ruthenium precatalyst [(tBuCN)5Ru(H2O)](BF4)2, featuring a key exchangeable water ligand. This versatile precatalyst drives an array of transformations, including late-stage C(sp2)–H arylation, primary/secondary alkylation, methylation, hydrogen/deuterium exchange, C(sp3)–H oxidation, alkene isomerization and oxidative cleavage, consistently outperforming conventionally used ruthenium (pre)catalysts. The generality and applicability of this precatalyst is exemplified through the potential for rapid screening and optimization of photocatalytic reactions with a suite of in situ generated ruthenium photocatalysts containing hitherto unknown complexes, and through the rapid discovery of reactivities previously unreported for ruthenium. The diverse applicability observed is suggestive of a generic platform for reaction simplification and accelerated synthetic discovery that will enable broader applicability and accessibility to state-of-the-art ruthenium catalysis.
Nobiletin alleviates cisplatin-induced ototoxicity via activating autophagy and inhibiting NRF2/GPX4-mediated ferroptosis
Authors: Song Wenao , Zhang Li , Cui Xiaolin , Wang Rongrong , Ma Jingyu , Xu Yue , Jin Yan , Wang Dawei , Lu Zhiming 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNobiletin, a citrus polymethoxy flavonoid with antiapoptotic and antioxidative properties, could safeguard against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity. Cisplatin, as the pioneer of anti-cancer drug, the severe ototoxicity limits its clinical applications, while the effect of nobiletin on cisplatin-induced ototoxicity has not been identified. The current study investigated the alleviating effect of nobiletin on cisplatin-induced ototoxicity and the underlying mechanisms. Apoptosis and ROS formation were evaluated using the CCK-8 assay, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence, indicating that nobiletin attenuated cisplatin-induced apoptosis and oxidative stress. LC3B and SQSTM1/p62 were determined by Western blotting, qPCR, and immunofluorescence, indicating that nobiletin significantly activated autophagy. Nobiletin promoted the nuclear translocation of NRF2 and the transcription of its target genes, including Hmox1, Nqo1, and ferroptosis markers (Gpx4, Slc7a11, Fth, and Ftl), thereby inhibiting ferroptosis. Furthermore, RNA sequencing analysis verified that autophagy, ferroptosis, and the NRF2 signaling pathway served as crucial points for the protection of nobiletin against ototoxicity caused by cisplatin. Collectively, these results indicated, for the first time, that nobiletin alleviated cisplatin-elicited ototoxicity through suppressing apoptosis and oxidative stress, which were attributed to the activation of autophagy and the inhibition of NRF2/GPX4-mediated ferroptosis. Our study suggested that nobiletin could be a prospective agent for preventing cisplatin-induced hearing loss.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors for metastatic uveal melanoma: a meta-analysis
Authors: Yamada Kayoko , Takeuchi Masaki , Fukumoto Takeshi , Suzuki Minako , Kato Ai , Mizuki Yuki , Yamada Norihiro , Kaneko Takeshi , Mizuki Nobuhisa , Horita Nobuyuki 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSeveral studies have evaluated immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for metastatic uveal melanoma; however, the efficacy of ICIs in the previous studies varied greatly. In this systematic review, we searched for prospective or retrospective studies on single or dual-ICIs for metastatic uveal melanoma treatment. A random-effect model meta-analysis with generic inverse-variance was conducted, and 36 articles representing 41 cohorts of 1414 patients with metastatic uveal melanoma were included. The pooled outcomes were as follows: objective response rate (ORR) was 5.6% (95% confidence interval [95%CI] 3.7–7.5%; I2, 36%), disease control rate (DCR) was 32.5% (95% CI 27.2–37.7%; I2, 73%), median progression-free survival was 2.8 months (95% CI 2.7–2.9 months; I2, 26%), and median overall survival (OS) was 11.2 months (95% CI 9.6–13.2 months; I2, 74%). Compared to single-agent ICI, dual ICI led to better ORR (single-agent: 3.4% [95% CI 1.8–5.1]; dual-agent: 12.4% [95% CI 8.0–16.9]; P < 0.001), DCR (single-agent: 29.3%, [95% CI 23.4–35.2]; dual-agent: 44.3% [95% CI 31.7–56.8]; P = 0.03), and OS (single-agent: 9.8 months [95% CI 8.0–12.2]; dual-agent: 16.3 months [95% CI 13.5–19.7]; P < 0.001). Our analysis provided treatment outcomes as described above. Dual-ICIs appear better than single-agent ICIs for the treatment of metastatic uveal melanoma.
Pulsar glitches from quantum vortex networks
Authors: Marmorini Giacomo , Yasui Shigehiro , Nitta Muneto 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNeutron stars or pulsars are very rapidly rotating compact stars with extremely high density. One of the unsolved long-standing problems of these enigmatic celestial bodies is the origin of pulsars’ glitches, i.e., the sudden rapid deceleration in the rotation speed of neutron stars. Although many glitch events have been reported, there is no consensus on the microscopic mechanism responsible for them. One of the important characterizations of the glitches is the scaling law $$P(E) \sim E^{-\alpha }$$

P

(
E
)

∼

E

-
α

of the probability distribution for a glitch with energy E. Here, we reanalyse the accumulated up-to-date observation data to obtain the exponent $$\alpha \approx 0.88$$

α
≈
0.88

for the scaling law, and propose a simple microscopic model that naturally deduces this scaling law without any free parameters. Our model explains the appearance of these glitches in terms of the presence of quantum vortex networks arising at the interface of two different kinds of superfluids in the core of neutron stars; a p-wave neutron superfluid in the inner core which interfaces with the s-wave neutron superfluid in the outer core, where each integer vortex in the s-wave superfluid connects to two half-quantized vortices in the p-wave superfluid through structures called “boojums”.
Particle Swarm Optimization for exploring Darcy–Forchheimer flow of Casson fluid between co-axial rotating disks with the Cattaneo–Christov model
Authors: Uddin Ziya , Upreti Himanshu , Ganga Sai , Ibrahim Wubshet 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we carried out a numerical analysis of the fluid dynamics and heat transfer occurring between two parallel disks. The study accounts for the impact of temperature-dependent fluid viscosity and thermal conductivity. We systematically investigated various parameters, including viscosity, thermal conductivity, rotational behavior (rotation or counter-rotation), and the presence of stretching, aiming to comprehend their effects on fluid velocity, temperature profiles, and pressure distributions. Our research constructs a mathematical model that intricately couples fluid heat transfer and pressure distribution within the rotating system. To solve this model, we employed the 'Particle Swarm Optimization' method in tandem with the finite difference approach. The results are presented through visual representations of fluid flow profiles, temperature, and pressure distributions along the rotational axis. The findings revealed that the change in Casson factor from 2.5 to 1.5 resulted in a reduction of skin friction by up to 65%, while the change in local Nusselt number was minimal. Furthermore, both the viscosity variation parameter and thermal conductivity parameters were found to play significant roles in regulating both skin friction and local Nusselt number. These findings will have practical relevance to scientists and engineers working in fields related to heat management, such as those involved in rotating gas turbines, computer storage devices, medical equipment, space vehicles, and various other applications.
Exploring the electrical robustness of conductive textile fasteners for wearable devices in different human motion conditions
Authors: Fortes Ferreira Afonso , Alves Helena , da Silva Hugo Plácido , Marques Nuno , Fred Ana 
Published: April 2024

AbstractConventional snap fasteners used in clothing are often used as electrical connectors in e-textile and wearable applications for signal transmission due to their wide availability and ease of use. Nonetheless, limited research exists on the validation of these fasteners, regarding the impact of contact-induced high-amplitude artefacts, especially under motion conditions. In this work, three types of fasteners were used as electromechanical connectors, establishing the interface between a regular sock and an acquisition device. The tested fasteners have different shapes and sizes, as well as have different mechanisms of attachment between the plug and receptacle counterparts. Experimental evaluation was performed under static conditions, slow walking, and rope jumping at a high cadence. The tests were also performed with a test mass of 140 g. Magnetic fasteners presented excellent electromechanical robustness under highly dynamic human movement with and without the additional mass. On the other hand, it was demonstrated that the Spring snap buttons (with a spring-based engaging mechanism) presented a sub-optimal performance under high motion and load conditions, followed by the Prong snap fasteners (without spring), which revealed a high susceptibility to artefacts. Overall, this work provides further evidence on the importance and reliability of clothing fasteners as electrical connectors in wearable systems.
Attenuation of spatial bias with target template variation
Authors: Hong Injae , Kim Min-Shik 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study investigated the impact of target template variation or consistency on attentional bias in location probability learning. Participants conducted a visual search task to find a heterogeneous shape among a homogeneous set of distractors. The target and distractor shapes were either fixed throughout the experiment (target-consistent group) or unpredictably varied on each trial (target-variant group). The target was often presented in one possible search region, unbeknownst to the participants. When the target template was consistent throughout the biased visual search, spatial attention was persistently biased toward the frequent target location. However, when the target template was inconsistent and varied during the biased search, the spatial bias was attenuated so that attention was less prioritized to a frequent target location. The results suggest that the alternative use of target templates may interfere with the emergence of a persistent spatial bias. The regularity-based spatial bias depends on the number of attentional shifts to the frequent target location, but also on search-relevant contexts.
Real-time cortical dynamics during motor inhibition
Authors: Casula Elias Paolo , Pezzopane Valentina , Roncaioli Andrea , Battaglini Luca , Rumiati Raffaella , Rothwell John , Rocchi Lorenzo , Koch Giacomo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe inhibition of action is a fundamental executive mechanism of human behaviour that involve a complex neural network. In spite of the progresses made so far, many questions regarding the brain dynamics occurring during action inhibition are still unsolved. Here, we used a novel approach optimized to investigate real-time effective brain dynamics, which combines transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) with simultaneous electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings. 22 healthy volunteers performed a motor Go/NoGo task during TMS of the hand-hotspot of the primary motor cortex (M1) and whole-scalp EEG recordings. We reconstructed source-based real-time spatiotemporal dynamics of cortical activity and cortico-cortical connectivity throughout the task. Our results showed a task-dependent bi-directional change in theta/gamma supplementary motor cortex (SMA) and M1 connectivity that, when participants were instructed to inhibit their response, resulted in an increase of a specific TMS-evoked EEG potential (N100), likely due to a GABA-mediated inhibition. Interestingly, these changes were linearly related to reaction times, when participants were asked to produce a motor response. In addition, TMS perturbation revealed a task-dependent long-lasting modulation of SMA–M1 natural frequencies, i.e. alpha/beta activity. Some of these results are shared by animal models and shed new light on the physiological mechanisms of motor inhibition in humans.
Impact of a virtual reality-based simulation training for shoulder dystocia on human and technical skills among caregivers: a randomized-controlled trial
Authors: Falcone Veronica , Catic Anja , Heinzl Florian , Steinbauer Philipp , Wagner Michael , Mikula Fanny , Dorittke Tim , Roessler Bernhard , Farr Alex 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study analyzed the adherence to the modified Advanced Life Support in Obstetrics (ALSO) algorithm (HELP-RER) for handling shoulder dystocia (SD) using a virtual reality (VR) training modality. Secondary outcomes were improvements in the post-training diagnosis-to-delivery time, human skills factors (HuFSHI), and perceived task-load index (TLX). Prospective, case–control, single-blind, 1:1 randomized crossover study. Participants were shown a 360° VR video of SD management. The control group was briefed theoretically. Both groups underwent HuFSHI and HELP-RER score assessments at baseline and after the manikin-based training. The TLX questionnaire was then administered. After a washout phase of 12 weeks, we performed a crossover, and groups were switched. There were similar outcomes between groups during the first training session. However, after crossover, the control group yielded significantly higher HELP-RER scores [7 vs. 6.5; (p = 0.01)], with lower diagnosis-to-delivery-time [85.5 vs. 99 s; (p = 0.02)], and TLX scores [57 vs. 68; (p = 0.04)]. In the multivariable linear regression analysis, VR training was independently associated with improved HELP-RER scores (p = 0.003). The HuFSHI scores were comparable between groups. Our data demonstrated the feasibility of a VR simulation training of SD management for caregivers. Considering the drawbacks of common high-fidelity trainings, VR-based simulations offer new perspectives.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Bio synthesis, comprehensive
characterization, and multifaceted therapeutic applications of BSA-Resveratrol coated
platinum nanoparticles
Authors: Faisal Shah , Tariq Muhammad Hamza , Abdullah  , Zafar Sania , Un Nisa Zaib , Ullah Riaz , Ur Rahman Anees , Bari Ahmed , Ullah Khair , Khan Rahat Ullah 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study examines the manufacturing, characterization, and biological
evaluation of platinum nanoparticles, which were synthesized by Enterobacter cloacae and coated with Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) and
Resveratrol (RSV). The formation of PtNPs was confirmed with the change of color from
dark yellow to black, which was due to the bioreduction of platinum chloride by
E. cloacae. BSA and RSV functionalization enhanced
these nanoparticles' biocompatibility and therapeutic potential. TGA, SEM, XRD, and FTIR
were employed for characterization, where PtNPs and drug conjugation-related functional
groups were studied by FTIR. XRD confirmed the crystalline nature of PtNPs and
Pt-BSA-RSV NPs, while TGA and SEM showed thermal stability and post-drug coating
morphological changes. Designed composite was also found to be biocompatible in nature
in hemolytic testing, indicating their potential in Biomedical applications. After
confirmation of PtNPs based nanocaompsite synthesis, they were examined for
anti-bacterial, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties. Pt-BSA-RSV
NPs showed higher concentration-dependent DPPH scavenging activity, which measured
antioxidant capability. Enzyme inhibition tests demonstrated considerable
anti-inflammatory activity against COX-2 and 15-LOX enzymes. In in vitro anticancer
studies, Pt-BSA-RSV NPs effectively killed human ovarian cancer cells. This phenomenon
was demonstrated to be facilitated by the acidic environment of cancer, as the drug
release assay confirmed the release of RSV from the NP formulation in the acidic
environment. Finally, Molecular docking also demonstrated that RSV has strong potential
as an anti-oxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer agent. Overall, in
silico and in vitro investigations in the current study showed good medicinal
applications for designed nanocomposites, however, further in-vivo experiments must be
conducted to validate our findings.