bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evidence‐based veterinary dermatology: a systematic review of interventions forMalasseziadermatitis in dogs
Authors: Negre Amélie , Bensignor Emmanuel , Guillot Jacques 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThe aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the efficacy of antifungal treatments forMalasseziadermatitis in dogs and, when possible, to propose recommendation for or against their use.Electronic searches were carried out using PubMed MEDLINE®, CABDirect and CONSULTANT database. The volumes ofAdvances in Veterinary Dermatology, the proceedings of ESVD/ECVD and AAVD/ACVD congresses were hand‐searched for studies relevant to this review. All articles and book chapters discussing treatment ofMalasseziadermatitis were scanned for additional citations. Lastly, a request was sent to the Vetderm Listserv to share recent clinical trials. The analysis evaluated study design, methodology quality, subject enrolment quality, type of interventions and outcome measures.The searches identified 35 articles, and 14 trials that fulfilled the following selection criteria: (i)in vivoclinical trials, (ii) dogs showing clinical lesions ofMalasseziadermatitis and (iii) enrolment of at least five dogs. Among these, only eight studies fulfilled the following additional criterion: (iv) prospectivein vivoclinical trials reporting clinical and mycological outcome measures. A total number of 14 different treatment protocols included four blinded, randomized and controlled trials (quality of evidence grade A), four controlled studies lacking blinding and/or randomization (grade B), five open uncontrolled trials (grade C) and one descriptive study (grade D).This systematic review allowed us to recommend, with good evidence, the use of only one topical treatment ofMalasseziadermatitis (2% miconazole nitrate +2% chlorhexidine, twice a week for 3 weeks) and with fair evidence the use of two systemic treatments with azole derivatives (ketoconazole, 10 mg kg−1 day−1and itraconazole, 5 mg kg−1 day−1for 3 weeks).
Investigations on the nature and pathogenicity of circulating antikeratinocyte antibodies in dogs with pemphigus foliaceus
Authors: Olivry Thierry , Dunston Stanley M. , Walker Robina H. , Alhaidari Zeineb , Messinger Linda , Liu Zhi 
Published: December 2008

AbstractIn humans with pemphigus foliaceus (PF), pathogenic autoantibodies are principally of IgG4 subclass and they cause superficial vesiculation when injected into neonatal mice. The objectives of this study were to determine the isotypes of circulating antikeratinocyte antibodies in dogs with PF, to assess whether serum antikeratinocyte antibody titres decreased during successful treatment, and to study whether such antibodies were pathogenic in passive transfers. Using indirect immunofluorescence with neonatal mouse skin substrates, circulating antikeratinocyte IgG antibodies were detected in 36 of 44 dogs with PF (82%). Serum autoantibodies belonged predominantly to IgG4 (three of 44; 80%) and IgG1 (30 of 44; 68%) subclasses. Antikeratinocyte IgG antibodies were detected in 16 of 20 normal dogs (80%), and these antibodies were IgG1 (16 of 20, 80%) but rarely IgG4 (two of 20; 10%) isotypes. In four dogs, IgG4 antikeratinocyte antibody titres decreased concomitantly to lesions nearing or reaching complete remission. In contrast, IgG or IgG1 titres remained stable or increased when lesions abated. Antikeratinocyte antibodies targeted mainly intercellular autoantigen(s) in the stratum granulosum, while in fewer dogs, such antibodies bound to cytoplasmic basal antigen(s). Intradermal injections of PF or pemphigus vulgaris (PV) IgG into neonatal mice caused subgranular or suprabasal acantholytic vesiculation without granulocyte infiltration, respectively. Similar transfers of normal dog IgG did not cause vesiculation. These observations suggest that antikeratinocyte IgG4 antibodies could be relevant to disease pathogenesis. Importantly, canine PF or PV IgG appear to be pathogenic when transferred passively into mice, causing vesiculation at epidermal levels similar to those of the natural disease.
Further validation of a pruritus severity scale for use in dogs
Authors: Rybníček J. , Lau‐Gillard P. J. , Harvey R. , Hill P. B. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractA scale to assess the severity of pruritus in dogs was further validated. Comparison of the scale with one containing visible numerical markings demonstrated that owners were heavily influenced by the presence of numbers, resulting in a loss of the scale's ability to generate continuous data. The presence of a traditional visual analogue scale was therefore essential. The scale was tested on 713 owners who presented their dogs for veterinary attention. Pruritus scores in 408 dogs with skin disease covered the full range of possible values (0 to 10). In 305 dogs with no skin disease, 90 owners gave a score greater than zero. Comparison of the scores seen in pruritic dogs, and dogs with no evidence of skin disease, allowed a ‘normal range’ of 0–1.9 to be established. The scale was able to discriminate between conditions typically regarded as pruritic or non‐pruritic. When the scale was assessed for its ability to detect changes in pruritus score following treatment, a median reduction of 4.4 points was observed. The scale was also used to determine what magnitude of response owners would expect following treatment of their pruritic dogs. Only 12% would have been satisfied with a 50% reduction, a figure that is typically quoted as a satisfactory response in clinical trials of anti‐pruritic drugs. As a result, alternative methods of assessing clinical trials are proposed. This study has shown the scale to be a valuable tool for clinical assessment of patients, and for monitoring treatment responses in clinical trials.
Hymenoptera venom allergy: analysis of double positivity to honey bee and Vespula venom by estimation of IgE antibodies to species‐specific major allergens Api m1 and Ves v5
Authors: Müller U. R. , Johansen N. , Petersen A. B. , Fromberg‐Nielsen J. , Haeberli G. 
Published: December 2008

Background:  In patients with hymenoptera venom allergy diagnostic tests are often positive with honey bee and Vespula venom causing problems in selection of venoms for immunotherapy.Methods:  100 patients each with allergic reactions to Vespula or honey bee stings and positive i.e. skin tests to the respective venom, were analysed for serum IgE to bee venom, Vespula venom and crossreacting carbohydrate determinants (CCDs) by UNICAP (CAP) and ADVIA Centaur (ADVIA). IgE‐antibodies to species specific recombinant major allergens (SSMA) Api m1 for bee venom and Ves v5 for Vespula venom, were determined by ADVIA. 30 history and skin test negative patients served as controls.Results:  By CAP sensitivity was 1.0 for bee and 0.91 for Vespula venom, by ADVIA 0.99 for bee and 0.91 for Vespula venom. None of the controls were positive with either test. Double positivity was observed in 59% of allergic patients by CAP, in 32% by ADVIA. slgE to Api m1 was detected in 97% of bee and 17% of Vespula venom allergic patients, slgE to Ves v5 in 87% of Vespula and 17% of bee venom allergic patients. slgE to CCDs were present in 37% of all allergic patients and in 56% of those with double positivity and were more frequent in bee than in Vespula venom allergic patients.Conclusions:  Double positivity of IgE to bee and Vespula venom is often caused by crossreactions, especially to CCDs. IgE to both Api m1 and Ves v5 indicates true double sensitization and immunotherapy with both venoms.
Immunomodulatory properties of Lactobacillus plantarum and its use as a recombinant vaccine against mite allergy
Authors: Rigaux P. , Daniel C. , Hisbergues M. , Muraille E. , Hols P. , Pot B. , Pestel J. , Jacquet A. 
Published: December 2008

Background:  Selected lactic acid bacteria were reported to prevent atopic dermatitis and experimental asthma but the mechanisms of their immunomodulatory effects are not fully elucidated. In this study, the signaling pathways triggered by Lactobacillus plantarum NCIMB8826 were investigated and the potential use of this strain producing a variant of the mite allergen Der p 1 as live vaccine vehicle was evaluated.Methods:  Mouse bone marrow‐derived dendritic cells were stimulated with wild‐type or a L. plantarum teichoic acid mutant to evaluate the secretion of cytokines. A recombinant L. plantarum expressing Der p 1 was engineered, its in vitro immunomodulatory properties were characterized and its prophylactic potential was evaluated in a Der p 1‐sensitization murine model.Results:  Mouse dendritic cells stimulated by L. plantarum triggered the release of interleukin‐10 (IL‐10), IL‐12 p40, IL‐12 p70 and tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α). IL‐12 p40 secretion was dependent on nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB), mitogen‐activated protein (MAP) kinases, Toll‐like receptor 2 (TLR2), TLR9 and on the bacterial teichoic acid composition. Recombinant L. plantarum producing Der p 1 exhibited similar immunostimulatory properties as wild‐type. Prophylactic intranasal pretreatment of mice with this recombinant strain prevented the development of the typical Th2‐biased allergic response by a drastic reduction of specific IgE and the induction of protective allergen‐specific IgG2a antibodies. Moreover, both wild‐type or recombinant L. plantarum reduced airway eosinophilia following aerosolized allergen exposure and IL‐5 secretion upon allergen restimulation.Conclusion:  By combining both Th1‐type immunostimulatory properties and an efficient allergen delivery capacity, recombinant L. plantarum producing Der p 1 represents a promising vaccine against house dust mite allergy.
Effects of Twice‐Weekly Follicular Punctures of Ovaries With or Without the Corpus Luteum on Follicular and Luteal Dynamics
Authors: Takuma T , Otsubo T , Kurokawa Y , Ichimaru H , Otoi T 
Published: December 2008

ContentsWe investigated the effects of twice‐weekly follicular punctures of ovaries with or without corpus luteum (CL) on follicular and luteal dynamics. A cross‐over design was used, with each cow (seven Japanese Black beef cows) being assigned to one of the three groups at 2‐month intervals. Follicular punctures were performed twice weekly for three consecutive weeks until day 20 (oestrus = day 0). All visible follicles (diameter >3 mm) in the ovaries bearing CL (ipsilateral group) or those in the contralateral ovaries (contralateral group) were aspirated. As a control, all visible follicles in both ovaries were aspirated (bilateral group). Follicular development, CL formation and progesterone concentrations in each cow were monitored from days 0 to 30. Follicular growth profiles in the punctured ovaries during/after puncture treatment were similar, irrespective of the presence of follicles in the unpunctured ovary and the CL in the punctured or unpunctured ovaries. After puncture, two cows (28.6%) each in the ipsilateral and bilateral groups did not exhibit behavioural oestrus until day 30, whereas all cows in the contralateral group exhibited oestrus. CL growth and increase in progesterone concentrations after the last follicular puncture in the bilateral group were delayed when compared with those in the ipsilateral group. Our results indicate that the presence of follicles in the unpunctured ovary and the CL in the punctured or unpunctured ovaries does not significantly influence follicular growth in punctured ovaries during/after puncture treatment. However, follicular puncture in ovaries bearing CL may disturb or delay oestrus occurrence after treatment.
Baseline renal function, ischaemia time and blood loss predict the rate of renal failure after partial nephrectomy
Authors: Jeldres Claudio , Bensalah Karim , Capitanio Umberto , Zini Laurent , Perrotte Paul , Suardi Nazareno , Tostain Jacques , Valeri Antoine , Descotes Jean‐Luc , Rambeaud Jean‐Jacques , De La Taille Alexandre , Salomon Laurent , Abbou Claude , Patard Jean‐Jacques , Karakiewicz Pierre I. 
Published: December 2008

OBJECTIVETo identify independent predictors of renal failure after partial nephrectomy (PN) in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC).PATIENTS AND METHODSData were available for 166 patients with pathological T1‐3 N0M0 RCC treated with PN. Renal failure after PN was defined as a decrease in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of >25% (RIFLE criteria). The GFR before and after PN was estimated using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease study group equation. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess a decrease of >25% in GFR from the preoperative level. Candidate predictor variables were age, gender, PN indication (absolute vs relative), preoperative GFR, tumour size, perioperative blood loss, surgery duration and clamping time.RESULTSAfter PN, 22 (13.3%) patients had a decrease in GFR of >25%. The perioperative blood loss (P = 0.02), clamping time (P = 0.04) and preoperative GFR (P = 0.002) were independent predictors of a decrease in GFR of >25%.CONCLUSIONSWe identified two important potentially modifiable variables that should be considered in the planning of PN, i.e. the clamping time and blood loss. It is possible that selective referral to experienced surgeons who can perform PN within short surgical and clamping times, and with minimal blood loss, could minimize the rate of renal failure, especially in patients with an underlying renal function impairment.
Varicocele surgery: a decade’s experience at a children’s hospital
Authors: Diamond David A. , Xuewu Jiang , Cilento Jr Bartley G. , Bauer Stuart B. , Peters Craig A. , Borer Joseph G. , Mandell James , Cendron Marc , Rosoklija Ilina , Zurakowski David , Retik Alan B. 
Published: December 2008

OBJECTIVESTo review our experience at a children’s hospital over a 10‐year period with the Palomo, Ivanissevich, subinguinal and laparoscopic techniques for varicocele, assessing the success and complication rates according to specific procedure, and the added effect that the modifications of microsurgery and artery‐sparing has had on these rates. A second objective was to assess the rate of testicular compensatory growth after surgery for testicular hypotrophy.PATIENTS AND METHODSNinety‐two patients with >1 year of follow‐up between 1996 and 2006 were assessed retrospectively. The median (range) age at surgery was 15 (8–21) years. Patients were stratified based on the surgical technique used by eight different urology faculty members. Microsurgery and attempted artery‐sparing were applied to some Palomo, Ivannisevich, and subinguinal cases but not to laparoscopic procedures.RESULTSThe laparoscopic (100%) and Palomo (93%) techniques had significantly higher success rates than the Ivanissevich approach (69%). The success rate with the subinguinal technique (88%) was intermediate between the more successful supra‐inguinal and less successful inguinal approaches. There was a higher hydrocele rate (32%) in the laparoscopic approach. Artery sparing significantly lowered hydrocele rates but had no effect on success rates. Incorporating microsurgery also had no effect on success rates but resulted in no hydrocele formation. One case of testicular atrophy occurred in a patient undergoing microsurgical artery‐sparing subinguinal spermatic vein ligation. There was compensatory growth in 68% of patients operated on for testicular hypotrophy.CONCLUSIONSDuring our 10‐year experience the laparoscopic and Palomo approaches were the most successful. The subinguinal approach (usually incorporating microsurgery and artery sparing) had an intermediate success rate. The Ivanissevich approach was least successful. Hydroceles did not occur when microsurgery was used, and were significantly less common with artery sparing. The only case of testicular atrophy was with a microsurgical artery‐sparing subinguinal approach. When the spermatic vein was ligated for testicular hypotrophy there was compensatory growth in two‐thirds of testes.
The lymphatic system and its specific growth factor vascular endothelial growth factor C in kidney tissue and in renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Voss Martin , Steidler Annette , Grobholz Rainer , Weiss Christel , Alken Peter , Michel Maurice S. , Trojan Lutz 
Published: December 2008

OBJECTIVETo determine the role of vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF‐C) and the quantitative extent of the lymphatic system in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) to analyse a possible correlation with the metastatic spread of cancer cells.PATIENTS AND METHODSIn all, 44 patients with clear cell RCC and 12 with papillary or chromophobe RCC were included in an immunohistochemical study. The lymphatic vessel density (LVD) was assessed in the tumour body, the tumour capsule and the tumour‐free adherent renal tissue. The expression of VEGF‐C was semiquantitatively assessed by the percentage of positive epithelial and cancer cells. Data were analysed for any correlation with the clinicopathological variables.RESULTSThe clear and papillary cell RCC contained no lymphatic vessels (0.2, sd 0.8). Chromophobe RCC specimens showed scattered obliterated vessels (0.0–7.7). Several lymphatic vessels were found in the normal renal tissue, mainly associated with blood vessels (2.9, sd 1.9). The highest mean (sd) LVD was in the tumour capsule, of 6.9 (3.4). There was no statistical correlation between the LVD and VEGF‐C. In clear cell RCC the expression of VEGF‐C was correlated with the size of the tumour (P = 0.042).CONCLUSIONSRCC does not promote the growth of its own lymphatic vessels. The role of a high LVD in the tumour capsule needs to be determined. The VEGF‐C staining pattern in normal kidney tissue hints at functions other than lymphangiogenesis.
Modulation of the microenvironment by growth factors regulates the in vivo growth of skeletal myoblasts
Authors: Yanagiuchi Akihiro , Miyake Hideaki , Nomi Masashi , Takenaka Atsushi , Fujisawa Masato 
Published: December 2008

OBJECTIVESTo investigate the optimal microenvironment for efficient myoblast transplantation in vivo.MATERIALS AND METHODSThe effects of co‐culture with growth factors, including basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), insulin‐like growth factor‐I) and platelet‐derived growth factor (PDGF), on in vitro growth, migration and proteolytic activity of mouse skeletal myoblasts were investigated. Myoblasts were co‐injected with growth factors into the subcutis and bladder wall of nude mice, and its impact on the growth patterns of myoblasts in vivo assessed.RESULTSThere was dose‐dependent stimulation of in vitro myoblast growth after treatment with each of the four growth factors, but bFGF induced the most marked increase in the growth of myoblasts. Treatment of myoblasts with all types of growth factors also resulted in a dose‐dependent increase in the in vitro migration of myoblasts, and PDGF had the most prominent effect on myoblast migration. Increased secretion of matrix metalloproteinase‐9 (MMP‐9) in myoblasts induced by growth factors was proportional to their increased migration capacity, which was partly inhibited by SB‐3CT, an inhibitor of MMP‐9. The in vivo growth of myoblasts was significantly enhanced by co‐injection with all types of growth factor into both the subcutis and bladder wall, but this effect was most marked 1 and 2 weeks after co‐injection with bFGF and PDGF, respectively. Furthermore, there was synergistic in vivo growth of myoblasts by co‐injection of both bFGF and PDGF compared with that achieved with either agent alone.CONCLUSIONSThese findings suggest that modulation of the microenvironment using growth factors, particularly bFGF and PDGF, could provide the optimum condition for effective myoblast transplantation in vivo.
Improved sensitivity for detecting micrometastases in pelvic lymph nodes by real‐time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) compared with conventional RT‐PCR in patients with clinically localized prostate cancer undergoing radical prostatectomy
Authors: Terakawa Tomoaki , Miyake Hideaki , Kurahashi Toshifumi , Furukawa Junya , Takenaka Atsushi , Fujisawa Masato 
Published: December 2008

OBJECTIVETo compare the usefulness between real‐time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) with that of conventional RT‐PCR for detecting micrometastases in pelvic lymph nodes (PLN) dissected during radical prostatectomy (RP) for prostate cancer.PATIENTS AND METHODSIn all, 120 patients with clinically localized prostate cancer who underwent RP and pelvic lymphadenectomy were included. Expression of prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) and prostate‐specific membrane antigen (PSMA) in 2215 PLNs obtained from these 120 patients were assessed by fully quantitative real‐time RT‐PCR and as well as conventional RT‐PCR. Specimens, in which either PSA or PSMA mRNA was positive, were regarded as showing the ‘presence of micrometastasis’.RESULTSPathological examinations detected tumour cells in 29 PLNs from 11 patients, while real‐time RT‐PCR and conventional RT‐PCR further identified micrometastasis in 143 and 81 PLNs from 32 and 19 patients, respectively, with no pathological evidence of nodal involvement; that is, the sensitivity of real‐time RT‐PCR for detecting micrometastases was significantly higher than that of conventional RT‐PCR. In this series, biochemical recurrence occurred in 32 patients, and in both assays, there were significant differences in biochemical recurrence‐free survival between patients with and with no micrometastases. However, despite the significant association of micrometastases detected by both assays with biochemical recurrence on univariate analysis, the presence of micrometastases detected by real‐time RT‐PCR but not that detected by conventional RT‐PCR appeared to be useful as an independent predictor on multivariate analysis.CONCLUSIONSAlthough micrometastatic tumour foci in PLNs that were missed by routine pathological examination could be diagnosed by both real‐time RT‐PCR and conventional RT‐PCR assays, it would be strongly recommended to use real‐time RT‐PCR to detect micrometastases considering its high sensitivity and the close association between the outcome of this assay and the probability of biochemical recurrence.