bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation between serum tryptophan metabolism and treatment efficacy of dapoxetine in patients with premature ejaculation: A pilot study
Authors: Wu Chenglun , Huang Shengyu , Liu Zhuojie , Wang Yixin , Zhu Yuanqiang , Zang Zhi‐Jun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntroductionPrimary premature ejaculation (PPE) is a common male neurobiological disorder. Currently, there is consensus that the impairment in central serotonin (5‐HT) neurotransmission constitutes a key pathogenic factor in PPE. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) serve as the primary pharmacological intervention; however, a comprehensive elucidation of their mechanism of action remains incomplete. Owing to significant individual variability in efficacy, SSRIs exhibit a high discontinuation rate. Hence, there is an urgent need to address the selection of SSRIs for PPE treatment.ObjectiveThis study aims to investigate the characteristics of tryptophan (TRP) metabolism in patients with PPE and to assess its influence on the efficacy of SSRIs.MethodsThe exploratory study included a total of 16 patients with PPE and 16 control subjects who were healthy men without any sexual dysfunction. Upon enrollment in the study, all participants underwent a thorough medical history review and physical examination. Subsequently, their serum levels of TRP, its metabolites, large neutral amino acids (LNAAs), and metabolite ratios were assessed using a liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) assay. After a period of 4 weeks of dapoxetine treatment, all patients with PPE underwent reassessment using the Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool (PEDT) score and intravaginal ejaculatory latency time (IELT) test.ResultsThe ratio of serum TRP to other LNAAs (TRP/LNAAs) in patients with PPE was found to be significantly lower compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Conversely, the ratio of kynurenine to TRP (KYN/TRP) was observed to be significantly higher in the PPE patients compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Including the serum TRP/LNAAs ratio and KYN/TRP ratio in the prediction model yielded the highest prediction efficiency for PPE. There was a significant negative correlation between the ratio of TRP/LNAAs before the treatment and the IELT after 4 weeks of the treatment. Additionally, there was a significant positive correlation observed between the ratio of TRP/LNAAs before the treatment and the PEDT score after 4 weeks of the treatment.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that the reduction in the TRP/LNAAs ratio and the elevation of the KYN/TRP ratio are significant characteristics associated with PPE. These findings suggest that diminished tryptophan availability in the brain and the activation of the kynurenine (KYN) pathway may play a role in the pathogenesis of PPE. The TRP/LNAAs ratio has potential as a reliable indicator of central serotonin (5‐HT) levels. Considering the TRP/LNAAs ratio when selecting SSRIs for the treatment of PPE may enhance the response rate of this medication.
Just reallocated? Robots displacement, and job quality
Authors: Cuccu Liliana , Royuela Vicente 
Published: March 2024

AbstractConcerns over widespread technological unemployment are often dismissed with the argument that human labour is not destroyed by automation but rather reallocated to other tasks, occupations or sectors. When focusing on pure employment levels, the idea that workers are not permanently excluded but ‘just’ reallocated might be reassuring. However, while attention has been devoted to the impact of automation on employment levels, little has been said about the quality of new job matches for displaced workers. Using an administrative longitudinal panel covering a large sample of Spanish workers from 2001 to 2017, we investigate the short‐ and medium‐term re‐employment prospects of workers displaced from sectors with an increasing density of industrial robots. Furthermore, we examine the role of reallocation to other sectors or local labour markets as adjustment mechanisms. Our analysis suggests that exposed middle‐ and low‐skilled workers are more likely than non‐exposed workers to remain unemployed 6 months after displacement. Among those who find a new occupation, an additional robot per 1000 workers increases the probability of being re‐employed in a lower paying job by about 1.9 percentage points for middle‐ and low‐skilled workers, with significantly higher penalties for those who relocate to a different sector. Moreover, these workers tend to face a qualification downgrading in the new job and are more likely to be re‐employed through temporary employment agencies. High‐skilled workers are less negatively affected by exposure, although they can also incur a penalty when changing sectors.
Synthesis and in vitro antitumor activity of galactosamine–docetaxel conjugates
Authors: Shen Yongpeng , Cheng Yilin , Hu Haotian , Liu Yufeng , Li Yujie , Zhu Tianyu , Xu Defeng , Hu Hang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDocetaxel (DTX) is a semi‐synthetic analogue of paclitaxel which has attracted extensive attention in the treatment of cancer. However, the current clinically used DTX formulations display low tumor targeting ability, leading to unsatisfactory therapeutic outcomes with adverse effects, which poses significant challenges to the clinical application. In this study, three galactosamine (Gal) and docetaxel conjugates with different linkers were synthesized, namely DTX‐(suc‐Gal)2, DTX‐(DTDPA‐Gal)2, and DTX‐(DSeDPA‐Gal)2. These three conjugates were characterized by 1H NMR, FT‐IR and HRMS. The in vitro drug release study shows that DTX‐(DTDPA‐Gal)2 and DTX‐(DSeDPA‐Gal)2 exhibit glutathione (GSH)‐responsive drug release and DTX‐(DSeDPA‐Gal)2 displays higher GSH‐responsiveness. The in vitro antitumor activity study shows that DTX‐(DTDPA‐Gal)2 and DTX‐(DSeDPA‐Gal)2 exhibit enhanced cytotoxicity, cell apoptosis rate and G2/M phase arrest against HepG2 cells as compared to DTX‐(suc‐Gal)2, DTX‐(DSeDPA‐Gal)2 displays the highest cytotoxicity, cell apoptosis rate and G2/M phase arrest among these three conjugates. In addition, DTX‐(DSeDPA‐Gal)2 exhibits higher selectivity to HepG2 cells as compared to free DTX. The DTX‐(DSeDPA‐Gal)2 developed in this study has been proven to be an effective DTX conjugate for selective killing hepatoma cells.
Mobocertinib: Mechanism of action, clinical, and translational science
Authors: Hanley Michael J. , Camidge D. Ross , Fram Robert J. , Gupta Neeraj 
Published: March 2024

AbstractEpidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) exon 20 insertion (ex20ins) mutations represent ~6%–12% of all EGFR‐mutated non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cases. First‐, second‐, and third‐generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have limited clinical activity against EGFR ex20ins mutations. Mobocertinib is a first‐in‐class oral EGFR TKI that selectively targets in‐frame EGFR ex20ins mutations in NSCLC; accelerated approval in the United States was granted for the treatment of adult patients with locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC with EGFR ex20ins mutations whose disease has progressed on or after platinum‐based chemotherapy. Accelerated approval was based on the results from the three‐part, open‐label, multicenter, pivotal phase I/II nonrandomized clinical trial (NCT02716116) that enrolled 114 patients with locally advanced or metastatic EGFR ex20ins mutation–positive NSCLC who were previously treated with platinum‐based chemotherapy and received mobocertinib at the recommended dosage of 160 mg once daily. At the November 1, 2021, data cutoff date, the confirmed objective response rate per independent review committee (IRC) was 28%, median duration of response was 15.8 months, median progression‐free survival per IRC was 7.3 months, and median overall survival was 20.2 months. The most common treatment‐emergent adverse events were gastrointestinal‐ and skin‐related. The phase III EXCLAIM‐2 study evaluated mobocertinib versus chemotherapy as first‐line therapy for locally advanced or metastatic EGFR ex20ins–positive NSCLC; however, the primary end point was not met, resulting in initiating voluntary withdrawal of mobocertinib worldwide. This mini‐review article summarizes the mechanism of action, pharmacokinetic characteristics, key clinical trials, and clinical efficacy and safety data for mobocertinib.
Subcontracting Linkages in India's Informal Economy
Authors: Kesar Surbhi 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACTSubcontracting relations have often been considered a key channel to facilitate growth in traditional informal enterprises and enable them to transition into larger, modern enterprises. Such relations are expected to strengthen with economic growth. Using nationally representative survey data for the Indian informal manufacturing sector, this article examines the nature and patterns of subcontracting linkages for informal family‐based household enterprises over the high‐growth period of 2001–2016. The article estimates the net accumulation fund (NAF) for these enterprises, which measures their ability to accumulate, and studies the transition possibilities of subcontracted enterprises over time. Results show that the NAFs of subcontracted enterprises remained much lower than those of non‐subcontracted ones, with the disparity growing over the growth period. A vast majority of subcontracted household enterprises are embedded in relations that are akin to a traditional putting‐out system, with little control over their production processes. Female‐owned enterprises and those located within the household are more likely to be in such put‐out relations. Average NAF for put‐out household enterprises has been lower than for relatively autonomous subcontracted and non‐subcontracted firms, although over time the gap in NAF between put‐out and non‐put‐out firms, and thus their differential ability to transition, has narrowed. The prevailing nature of subcontracting relations in India's informal economy, even during the peak growth period, appears to be starkly different from the dynamic linkages that are celebrated in the literature as a channel for facilitating growth and transition.
Iatrogenic cerebral amyloid angiopathy in older adults
Authors: Panteleienko Larysa , Mallon Dermot , Oliver Rupert , Toosy Ahmed , Hoshino Yuki , Murakami Aya , Kaushik Kanishk , Wermer Marieke J. H. , Hara Hideo , Yakushiji Yusuke , Banerjee Gargi , Werring David J. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackground and purposeAn increasing number of cases of iatrogenic cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) have now been reported worldwide. Proposed diagnostic criteria require a history of medical intervention with potential for amyloid‐β transmission, for example those using cadaveric dura mater or requiring instrumentation of the brain or spinal cord. Clinical presentation occurs after an appropriate latency (usually three or four decades); to date, most patients with iatrogenic CAA have had ‘early‐onset’ disease (compared to sporadic, age‐related, CAA), as a consequence of childhood procedures.ResultsWe describe five cases of possible iatrogenic CAA in adults presenting in later life (aged 65 years and older); all had prior neurosurgical interventions and presented after a latency suggestive of iatrogenic disease (range 30–39 years). Use of cadaveric dura mater was confirmed in one case, and highly likely in the remainder.ConclusionThe presentation of iatrogenic CAA in older adults widens the known potential spectrum of this disease and highlights the difficulties of making the diagnosis in this age group, and particularly in differentiating iatrogenic from sporadic CAA. Increased vigilance for cases presenting at an older age is essential for furthering our understanding of the clinical phenotype and broader implications of iatrogenic CAA.
Phytochemical characterisation of leaves and stems of Murraya koenigii (L.) Sprengel and Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack and their antibacterial activity against multidrug‐resistant Acinetobacter baumannii bacterial infection
Authors: El‐Shiekh Riham A. , Elshimy Rana , Mandour Asmaa A. , Kassem Hanaa A. H. , Khaleel Amal E. , Alseekh Saleh , Fernie Alisdair R. , Salem Mohamed A. 
Published: March 2024

SummaryAntibiotic resistance is now deemed a worldwide problem that puts public health at risk. The potential of Murraya (Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng. and Murraya paniculata (L.) Jacq.) leaves and stems as antibacterial agents against multidrug‐resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MDRAB) was assessed in our study. First, screening was performed by disc diffusion assay, and minimum inhibitory concentration values were then determined as compared to tigecycline. A. baumnii mouse model of infection was established to substantiate the antibacterial activity of Murraya species. Results revealed high antimicrobial activity for stem of both plants where leaves showed moderate to weak activity. Phytochemical characterisation revealed the identification of 129 metabolites belonging to different classes of compounds viz. coumarins, carbazole alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic acids, and miscellaneous. In vivo data from the animal model supported the high efficiency of M. paniculata stems as promising extract for lead candidates against MDRAB pulmonary infections. Inhibition of its essential MurF (UDP‐N‐acetylmuramoyl‐tripeptide‐D‐alanyl‐d‐alanine ligase) protein has been reported as a potential target for broad‐spectrum drugs. In silico results after molecular docking to MurF from Acinetobacter baumannii (PDB ID: 4QF5) showed competitive binding mode to ATP ligand at the active site predicting antibacterial activity of the tested compounds. Furthermore, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, sinapic acid, feruloyl agmatine, and mahanimbidine were detected as the key discriminatory metabolites correlated with antibacterial activity. To our knowledge, this is the first in vivo anti‐MDRAB study for the investigated plant. Murraya plants have enormous possibility for the discovery of novel bioactive compounds which could combat against resistant microorganisms.
Tumor necrosis factor α1 decreases mucosal immune and antioxidant response in the midgut of hybrid fish (white crucian carp ♀ × red crucian carp ♂)
Authors: Li Ke‐Xin , Xiong Ning‐Xia , Huang Jin‐Fang , Li Shi‐Yun , Ou Jie , Wang Fei , Luo Sheng‐Wei 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTumor necrosis factor α1 (TNFα) is a pleiotropic cytokine involved in immune regulation and cellular homeostasis, but the crucial role of TNFα in fish gut remained unclear. The current study aimed to evaluate the immunoregulatory function of TNFα1 on gut barrier in a novel hybrid fish (WR), which was produced by crossing white crucian carp (Carassius cuvieri, ♀) with red crucian carp (Carassius auratus red var, ♂). In this study, WR‐tnfα1 sequence was identified, and a high‐level expression was detected in the intestine. Elevated levels of WR‐tnfα1 expressions were detected in immune‐related tissues and cultured fish cells on stimulation. The appearance of vacuolization and submucosal rupture was observed in TNFα1‐treated midgut of WR, along with elevated levels of goblet cell atrophy, whereas no significant changes were detected in most expressions of tight‐junction genes and mucin genes. In contrast, WR receiving gut perfusion with WR‐TNFα1 showed a remarkable decrease in antioxidant status in midgut, whereas the expression levels of apoptotic genes and redox responsive genes increased sharply. These results suggested that TNFα1 could exhibit a detrimental effect on antioxidant defense and immune regulation in the midgut of WR.
Unveiling taxonomic diversity in the deep‐sea fish genus Notacanthus (Notacanthiformes: Notacanthidae) with description of Notacanthus arrontei n. sp.
Authors: Bañón Rafael , Barros‐García David , Baldó Francisco , Cojan Miguel , de Carlos Alejandro 
Published: March 2024

AbstractNotacanthid fishes constitute a common part of benthopelagic deep‐sea fish communities on seamounts and continental slopes around the world. However, their highly conserved morphology and the usual lack of information on deep‐water organisms make it difficult to appropriately address their biodiversity. A multidisciplinary approach combining morphological data with a DNA‐based species delimitation analyses was used to explore the taxonomy of Notacanthus species. For this purpose, morphological and molecular data were obtained from 43 individuals, and the resulting information was combined with the available data. The results showed the occurrence of Notacanthus arrontei n. sp. from the Iberian Peninsula and highlighted several taxonomic conundrums regarding the Notacanthus genus. For instance, no significant differences were found between Notacanthus indicus and the recently described Notacanthus laccadiviensis, questioning its taxonomic status. Similarly, the result of the species delimitation molecular analysis coincided with previous DNA barcoding studies supporting the snubnosed spiny eel Notacanthus chemnitzii as a species complex that requires further research. Moreover, two unidentified records from the Indian Ocean were confirmed to belong to an unknown species pending formal description, and barcoding data show for the first time the occurrence of the shortfin spiny eel Notacanthus bonaparte in the Australia‐New Zealand area. This research confirms the existence of important gaps in the knowledge of notacanthid fishes and represents a step forward toward a better understanding of their biological diversity.
Assessing care dependence status and associated influencing factors among middle‐aged hemiplegic stroke patients during the post‐acute rehabilitation phase: A correlational study
Authors: Yuan Lianfeng , Shen Jun , Ye Shan , Zhou Na 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimsTo comprehensively examine the prevailing condition of care dependence among middle‐aged individuals who have experienced hemiplegia subsequent to a stroke and were currently undergoing post‐acute rehabilitation. Additionally, the study sought to analyse the determinants that impacted this phenomenon.DesignA single‐centre, cross‐sectional study design.MethodsDuring the period from January 2020 to October 2022, a cohort of 196 hemiplegic stroke patients, aged between 40 and 65, and within 6 months of their stroke onset, was selected from the cerebrovascular outpatient clinic at a tertiary hospital in Hangzhou. The demographic and disease‐related data, care dependence level, mental state, nutrition and depression status were collected. Furthermore, all collected data were analysed by descriptive and correlative statistical methods.ResultsThe care dependence level was 51.04 ± 9.42, with an incidence of care dependence of 78.1%. Multivariate regression analysis showed that age, history of falls, physical dysfunction, chronic comorbidities, depression, nutritional status and cognitive dysfunction were influencing factors for care dependence in the participants after a stroke.ConclusionThe incidence of care dependence among hemiplegic patients aged from 40 to 65 years old in the early stage after a stroke was high. Nursing staff should focus on these patients with a history of falling, physical dysfunction, comorbidity, depression status, nutritional status and cognitive dysfunction in clinical practice.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThe incidence of care dependence in middle‐aged hemiplegic patients following a stroke is significantly increased. Some risk factors should be assessed, monitored, and controlled by nursing staff as early as possible in order to reduce the dependence levels in post‐acute rehabilitation period and improve the quality of life of hemiplegia patients.Reporting MethodOur study complies with the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) Checklist: cross‐sectional studies (see Table S1).Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
Kikuchi–Fujimoto disease during early pregnancy
Authors: Ichikawa Go , Negishi Yasuyuki , Chishima Fumihisa , Suzuki Shunji 
Published: March 2024

AbstractKikuchi–Fujimoto disease (KFD) is rare during pregnancy. It is characterized by necrotizing lymphadenitis and often occurs in young Asian women. We report a case of KFD during pregnancy, which was difficult to diagnose. A 37‐year‐old pregnant female (gestational week [GW] 7+5) was admitted to our hospital because of hyperemesis gravidarum. On the eighth day of hospitalization (GW 8+6), she suddenly developed a fever (38.0°C) with skin rash and posterior pharynx redness. Blood tests showed pancytopenia and abnormal liver function. The patient was misdiagnosed with severe Epstein–Barr virus infection and administered with prednisolone. Subsequently, cervical lymphadenopathy was observed, and biopsy results led to the diagnosis of KFD. Thereafter, her symptoms improved, and she was discharged at GW 13+4. KFD must be included as a differential diagnosis for patients with fever, abnormal liver function, and pancytopenia during pregnancy.
3D‐printed custom tray for maxillofacial implant assisted partial denture
Authors: Oyamada Yutaro , Sasaki Yuka , Kon Kazuhiro 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis technique presents a new fabrication workflow for a three‐dimensional (3D) printed custom tray, which duplicates the morphology of the treatment denture for maxillofacial prostheses using an intraoral scanner, computer‐aided design (CAD) software, and a 3D printer. A 70‐year‐old man underwent reconstruction of segmental mandibulectomy for mandibular osteoblastoma, followed by implant placement and secondary surgery. During the surgical treatment, a treatment denture was fabricated to restore oral function and determine the morphology of the definitive denture. To create the definitive denture with the same morphology as the treatment denture a custom tray was fabricated with the denture morphology after chairside adjustments. The oral cavity was scanned using an intraoral scanner, and the data acquired were imported into general‐purpose CAD software, adjusted, and imported into a 3D printer to produce the custom tray. This was fitted into the patient's mouth without any issues, and closed tray impressions were made with impression caps for the locator attachments on the implant body. The morphology of the treatment denture was replicated in the definitive denture by making a silicon impression of the cameo surface at the fabrication of the cast after impression making. In this technique, the morphology of the treatment denture was transferred accurately to the definitive implant partial denture by leveraging existing digital technology. This method represents a practical approach for partial denture fabrication, including maxillofacial defects with complex denture configurations.