bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrasound versus magnetic resonance imaging for calculating total kidney volume in patients with ADPKD: a real-world data analysis
Authors: Fernandez Juan M. , Hernández-Socorro Carmen Rosa , Robador Lucas Omar , Rodríguez-Esparragón Francisco , Medina-García Daniela , Quevedo-Reina Juan Carlos , Lorenzo-Medina Mercedes , Oliva-Dámaso Elena , Pérez-Borges Patricia , Rodríguez-Perez José C. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background and objectives
This study aimed to compare Total kidney volume (TKV) measurements using US-ellipsoid (US-EL) and MRI-ellipsoid (MRI-EL) in patients with autosomal-dominant-polycystic-kidney-disease (ADPKD). It also evaluated whether the agreement between right (RKV) and left (LKV) kidney volume measurements differed.

Methods
Retrospective analysis of a prospective data-base that included consecutive patients diagnosed with ADPKD. Total kidney volumes by 3D-US-EL were compared with those by MRI-EL. Bland–Altman-plots, Passing–Bablok-regression, and the concordance-correlation-coefficient (CCC) were used to compare right (RKV), left (LKV), and TKV measurements.

Results
Thirty-two ADPKD patients, 14(43.7%) women, were included. Mean measured (mGFR) and estimated (eGFR) glomerular-filtration-rate (GFR) were 86.5 ± 23.9 mL/min and 78.9 ± 23.6 mL/min, respectively. Compared with MRI-EL, TKV (Mean difference: − 85.9 ± 825.6 mL; 95%CI − 498.5 to 326.7 mL; p = 0.6787), RKV (Mean difference: − 58.5 ± 507.7 mL; 95%CI − 312.2 to 195.2 mL; p = 0.6466), and LKV (Mean difference: − 27.4 ± 413.5 mL; 95%CI − 234.1 to 179.2 mL; p = 0.7918) were lower with US-EL than with MRI-EL, although without significant differences. According to Passing and Bablok-regression analysis, the Spearman correlation-coefficient was 0.96 (95%CI 0.92 to 0.98); 0.91 (95%CI 0.82 to 0.96), and 0.94 (95%CI 0.87 to 0.97) in the RKV, LKV, and TKV, respectively; p < 0.0001 each, respectively. CCC of RKV, LKV, and TKV measurements were 0.95, 0.89, and 0.94, respectively. The mGFR and eGFR showed statistically significant negative correlations with TKV measured by both MRI-EL (p = 0.0281 and p = 0.0054, respectively) and US-EL (p = p = 0.0332 and p = 0.0040, respectively).

Conclusions
This study found that ultrasound-based ellipsoid kidney volume measurements strongly correlated with MRI-based measurements, suggesting that ultrasound is a reliable, accessible alternative for assessing kidney volume, particularly when MRI is unavailable.
Identifying differentiation markers between dermal fibroblasts and adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (AD-MSCs) in human visceral and subcutaneous tissues using single-cell transcriptomics
Authors: Koczkowska Magdalena , Kostecka Anna , Zawrzykraj Małgorzata , Myszczyński Kamil , Skoniecka Aneta , Deptuła Milena , Tymińska Agata , Czerwiec Katarzyna , Jąkalski Marcin , Zieliński Jacek , Crossman David K. , Crowley Michael R. , Cichorek Mirosława , Skowron Piotr M. , Pikuła Michał , Piotrowski Arkadiusz 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (AD-MSCs) and fibroblasts are both widely used in regenerative medicine, demonstrating significant potential for personalized cell therapy. A major challenge in their use lies in their high biological similarity, encompassing morphology, differentiation capabilities, and flow cytometric markers, making their distinction difficult.

Methods
In our study, we aimed to compare AD-MSCs obtained from two types of adipose tissue, subcutaneous and visceral, alongside skin fibroblasts. Notably, all tissue samples were sourced from the same donors. We analyzed the cells for surface antigens via flow cytometry and conducted single-cell RNA sequencing, followed by verification with quantitative PCR (qPCR).

Results
Our results revealed phenotypic similarities between the isolated AD-MSCs and dermal fibroblasts, particularly in the expression of markers characteristic of AD-MSCs. However, through in-depth analyses, we identified distinct differences between these cell types. Specifically, we pinpointed 30 genes exhibiting the most significant variations in expression between AD-MSCs and fibroblasts. These genes are associated with biological processes such as tissue remodeling, cell movement, and activation in response to external stimuli. Among them, MMP1, MMP3, S100A4, CXCL1, PI16, IGFBP5, COMP were further validated using qPCR, clearly demonstrating their potential to differentiate between AD-MSCs and fibroblasts.

Conclusions
Our scRNA-seq analysis elucidates the transcriptional landscape of AD-MSCs and fibroblasts with unprecedented resolution, highlighting both the population-specific markers and the intrapopulation heterogeneity. Our findings underscore the importance of employing high-resolution techniques for cell identification.
Antimicrobial stewardship in the community setting: a qualitative exploratory study
Authors: Okonkwo Rose I , Ndukwe Henry , Grant Gary , Khan Sohil 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Existing evidence underscores inappropriate antimicrobial prescribing and use in the community setting. Increased and inappropriate antimicrobial use are major factors contributing to the emergence and transmission of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) programmes are critical for mitigating AMR, enhancing patient outcomes, and reducing healthcare costs. Despite the existing Australian National Action Plan on AMR, optimisation of antimicrobial use in the community setting remains inadequately investigated. This study explored health professionals’ perspectives on community AMS practices and systems, identifying challenges and areas for improvement.

Methods
This qualitative study utilised semi-structured interviews to explore the perspectives of 17 different health professionals from diverse community practice settings in South-East Queensland, Australia. Interviews were audio-recorded, anonymised, and transcribed verbatim. Data were thematically analysed, with NVivo 12 utilised for organisation and analysis. Data were then mapped and examined using the Elements of Medicines Stewardship (EMS), which aligns with United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention– Core Elements of Antibiotic Stewardship. This was reported following the consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research checklist.

Results
Four main themes described the health professionals’ insights on community AMS practices and systems. Thematic analysis from these findings reveals a state of ambiguity and fragmentation in the community AMS practices and systems. In comparison to the hospital-based AMS system, the Australian community AMS system appears to be in its nascent stages of development. Applying the EMS is essential for developing and implementing community AMS strategies to enhance practices and systems.

Conclusion
The study identified key health system factors that impact the implementation of community AMS programmes and highlighted the need for developing community-specific governance and frameworks that integrate multidisciplinary strategies to support effective implementation and enhance patient outcomes. This research will inform community AMS intervention strategies, influencing policy and practice to advance sustainable healthcare and address antimicrobial resistance.
AQP4-specific T cells determine lesion localization in the CNS in a model of NMOSD
Authors: Afzali Ali Maisam , Ulianov Oleksii , Eckardt Luise , Stas Ingrid , Seeholzer Lea , Steiger Katja , Merkler Doron , Korn Thomas 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a paradigmatic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS), in which the water channel protein Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) is targeted by a self-reactive immune response. While the immunopathology of human NMOSD is largely dependent on antibodies to astrocytic AQP4, the role of AQP4-specific T cells for the localization and quality of NMOSD lesions in the CNS is not known. Only recently, we established that thymic B cells express and present AQP4 in the context of MHC class II molecules to purge the naive T cell receptor repertoire of AQP4-specific clones. Here, we exploited this finding to investigate the lesion localization in the CNS of B cell conditional AQP4-deficient (Aqp4
ΔB) mice, which harbor AQP4-specific precursors in their naive T cell repertoire and can be sensitized to mount a strong AQP4(201–220)-specific CD4+ T cell response. Sensitization of Aqp4
ΔB mice with AQP4(201–220) was sufficient to induce clinical disease. The spatiotemporal lesion distribution and the glial cell response in AQP4(201–220)-induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) was compared to classical MOG(35–55)-induced EAE in Aqp4
ΔB mice. In contrast to MOG-EAE, AQP4(201–220)-induced EAE was characterized by midline lesions in the brain, retinal pathology, and lesions at the grey matter/white matter border zone in the spinal cord. Therefore, we conclude that antigen-specific T cells dictate the localization of NMOSD-lesions in the CNS.
Evolution of the near-Earth magnetotail associated with substorm onsets: revisiting the issues of onset timing and substorm triggering mechanism
Authors: Miyashita Yukinaga , Ieda Akimasa , Machida Shinobu 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The triggering mechanism of the substorm onset has been a major issue in magnetospheric research. Various models have been proposed so far. To understand the causal relationship of magnetotail processes associated with substorm onsets, our previous studies performed a series of statistical analyses of Geotail and Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms (THEMIS) spacecraft data. We obtained the overall morphological picture of magnetotail evolution associated with substorm onsets and found that near-Earth magnetic reconnection plays a key role in substorm expansion triggering, energy release, and reconfiguration. In these previous studies, we took only one timing of initial auroral brightening as the substorm onset, based on space-based or ground-based auroral imager data. Our recent detailed analyses of ground-based auroral imager data, however, showed that the auroral onset arc develops stepwise: preonset fading, initial brightening, further enhancement of the onset arc, and poleward expansion. To understand the substorm triggering mechanism in more detail, this paper attempts to clarify the connection of the auroral onset arc’s stepwise development with magnetotail processes of magnetic reconnection, flow, wave, and dipolarization. In this context, we reinterpret the substorm onset of our previous statistical studies as auroral onset arc enhancement or poleward expansion. Furthermore, for future detailed studies of the stepwise auroral and magnetotail development including pseudosubstorm (pseudobreakup), it might be better to call the transition period from initial brightening to the beginning of poleward expansion “onset/initial/trigger phase”.

Graphical Abstract
In-vitro investigation of bone temperature changes in osteotomies performed with different brands of implant burs
Authors: Şarkbay Ömer Faruk , Mihmanli Ahmet , Cora Hakan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate in-vitro the temperature changes occurring in the bone during drilling with implant drills manufactured by different companies. Bone blocks obtained from fresh bovine ribs were used in the study. Bone blocks were drilled with drills manufactured by Ankylos, Astra Tech, Nobel Biocare, Bredent and Straumann implant brands at an ambient temperature of 30 ± 2° C under a constant pressure of 2 kg. Two K-type thermocouple sensors were placed on the bone blocks at 5th and 10th mm depths and the temperature changes were measured at a distance of 1 mm from the implant drill. In the study, working models were created under different conditions for implant socket preparation. In group 1, the first time drills were used at 150 rpm without irrigation, in group 2, the first time drills were used at 1200 rpm with 40 ml/min irrigation, in group 3, the 30th time drills were used at 150 rpm without irrigation, and in group 4, the 30th time drills were used at 1200 rpm with 40 ml/min irrigation. All osteotomy procedures were performed with 3.5 ± 0.3 mm diameter burs for a period of 8 s and the temperature values obtained at equal time intervals were recorded. Repeated Measures and Kruskall Wallis-H tests were used for statistical analysis of the data. No significant difference was observed between the implant drills and the temperature changes in the bone during drilling (p < 0.05). None of the groups reached critical temperature values (47° C+) throughout the study. At the 5th and 10th mm depths, the temperature changes in the sensors used were close to each other. It was also calculated that although the average temperatures were close to each other in the non-irrigated and irrigated systems, the difference values obtained by subtracting the initial temperature were significantly higher in the non-irrigated systems. The results showed that implant drills did not cause significant temperature increases in bone blocks depending on the difference in manufacturers (Ankylos, Astra Tech, Nobel Biocare, Bredent, Straumann) and the number of uses. It was also concluded that irrigated and non-irrigated systems are safe as long as they are used under the recommended conditions.
Benchmarking the healthiness, equity and environmental sustainability of university food environments in Australia, 2021/22
Authors: Sacks Gary , Chan Jasmine , Mann Davina , Dickie Sarah , Gaucher-Holm Alexa , Naughton Shaan , Ruffini Oriana , Robinson Ella 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Food environments on university campuses have an important influence on the diets of staff and students. This study aimed to assess the healthiness, equitability and environmental sustainability of Australian university food environments, and identify priority recommendations for policy and practice.

Methods
We applied the previously developed ‘Uni-Food’ tool in nine universities (17 campuses, 165 food retail outlets) in Australia between 2021 and 2022. Data on three components: (1) ‘university systems and governance’; (2) ‘campus facilities and environment’; and (3) ‘food retail outlets’ were collected from desk-based policy audits and in-person campus audits. Universities were given an overall score from 0-100, based on their performance across all components.

Results
University scores ranged from 27/100 to 66/100 (median = 46). Universities scored highest in the ‘campus facilities and environment’ component, reflecting that the broad campus environment (including areas such as catering, advertising on campus, and food-related environmental sustainability initiatives) has been an area of focus. Universities scored lowest in the ‘university systems and governance’ component, reflecting a relative lack of policy action, funding and governance in this area, with few initiatives to promote the availability and affordability of healthy and environmentally sustainable foods.

Conclusion
Stronger action is needed to improve Australian university food environments, including in food retail outlets, vending, catering and at campus events. Universities can demonstrate leadership by implementing university-wide policies that limit the availability of unhealthy foods and beverages (e.g. sugary drinks) on campus, and setting targets for the proportion of healthy and environmentally sustainable foods procured and sold on campus. Other stakeholders, including governments, can play a role in incentivising universities to adopt recommended actions.
Mitigation of cyclophosphamide-induced premature ovarian insufficiency in rats through bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and placental extract therapy: a comprehensive evaluation
Authors: Atwa Ahmed , Sobhy Nehal , Latif Abdel Kareem M. Abdel , Bakry Sayed 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective
Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a significant reproductive health concern characterized by the depletion of primary follicles, often resulting from exposure to genotoxic agents. This study aimed to explore the therapeutic potential of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) and/or placental extracts (PE) in ameliorating POI induced by cyclophosphamide, a widely used chemotherapeutic agent.

Materials and methods
Thirty-five 8–10 weeks and weight 200 ± 20 g female albino Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats were evenly distributed into five groups: negative control (Group 1), positive control cyclophosphamide (CPA) (Group 2), stem cell therapy (CPA+MSCs) (Group 3), placental extract therapy (CPA+PE) (Group 4), and combination therapy (CPA+MSCs+PE) (Group 5). Rats in the CPA group received intraperitoneal (IP) cyclophosphamide injection (50 mg/kg), followed by daily (8 mg/kg) cyclophosphamide injection (14 days). Subsequently, the rats received 1 × 106 MSCs via intravenous administration and/or 50 µL of PE, followed by sacrifice after 4 weeks. Flow cytometry was used to identify MSCs. Hormone levels (FSH, LH, E2, and progesterone) were assessed using ELISA, and primordial follicles were quantified to evaluate primordial follicle reserves. Ovarian structure was histomorphologically evaluated, and PCNA immunohistochemistry was conducted. Morphometric measurements and statistical analyses were performed.

Results
Hormonal measurements revealed a decrease in E2 and progesterone levels, accompanied by an increase in FSH levels following cyclophosphamide treatment. However, after BM-MSC therapy, hormonal levels nearly returned to normal. In addition to BM-MSC therapy, PE treatment was also evaluated. PE administration resulted in partial restoration of hormonal balance, showing a mild increase in E2 and progesterone levels, with a slight reduction in FSH levels compared to the cyclophosphamide-treated group.
Histological examination revealed that cyclophosphamide caused significant loss of primordial follicles, stromal blood vessel damage, and substantial fibrosis. Interestingly, combination of MSCs and PE treatment showed some ameliorative effects on ovarian histology, with reduced fibrosis and slight preservation of ovarian follicles, although these changes were less pronounced than those observed with BM-MSC therapy alone.

Conclusion
MSCs therapy was more effective in restoring ovarian folliculogenesis, whereas combination with PE provided moderate protection against the histological and immunohistochemical alterations induced by cyclophosphamide.
Epigenetic regulation of angiogenesis and its therapeutics
Authors: Choi Dong Kyu 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from preexisting ones, is essential for normal development, wound healing, and tissue repair. However, dysregulated angiogenesis is implicated in various pathological conditions, including cancer, diabetic retinopathy, and atherosclerosis. Epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, histone modification, and noncoding RNAs (e.g., miRNAs), play a crucial role in regulating angiogenic gene expression without altering the underlying DNA sequence. These modifications tightly regulate the balance between pro-angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors, thereby influencing endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and tube formation. In recent years, epigenetic drugs, such as DNA methyltransferase inhibitors (e.g., azacitidine, decitabine), histone deacetylase inhibitors (e.g., vorinostat, romidepsin), and BET inhibitors (e.g., JQ1), have emerged as promising therapeutic strategies for targeting abnormal angiogenesis. These agents modulate gene expression patterns, reactivating silenced tumor suppressor genes while downregulating pro-angiogenic signaling pathways. Additionally, miRNA modulators, such as MRG-110 and MRG-201, provide precise regulation of angiogenesis-related pathways, demonstrating significant therapeutic potential in preclinical models. This review underscores the intricate interplay between epigenetic regulation and angiogenesis, highlighting key mechanisms and therapeutic applications. Advancing our understanding of these processes will enable the development of more effective and targeted epigenetic therapies for angiogenesis-related diseases, paving the way for innovative clinical interventions.
Circulating Micro-RNAs in Patients with Hypophosphatasia Results of the first micro-RNA analysis in HPP
Authors: Haschka Judith , Messner Zora , Feurstein Julia , Hadzimuratovic Benjamin , Zwerina Jochen , Diendorfer Andreas B , Pultar Marianne , Hackl Matthias , Kuzma Martin , Payer Juraj , Resch Heinrich , Kocijan Roland 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Introduction
Adult hypophosphatasia (HPP) patients present with diffuse heterogenous symptoms often mimicking rheumatological diseases or osteoporosis and therefore accompanied by delayed diagnosis. The aim of this study was to identify circulating miRNAs in adult HPP patients and to identify potential associations with clinical patients’ characteristics.

Methods
We utilized untargeted miRNA biomarker discovery by small RNA-sequencing to investigate cell-free miRNA profiles in 24 adult HPP patients (pathogenic variant of the ALPL gene, HPP-related clinical symptoms and repeatedly low ALP) and 24 healthy controls (CTRL).

Results
Patients and CTRL were comparable in age (47.9±14.2 vs. 45.9±8.8y, p=0.980) and sex (55.5% vs. 47.8% females, p=1.000). In total, 91% of patients reported musculoskeletal pain, 41% diffuse neurological symptoms and 64% history of fractures. In total, 84 miRNAs were significantly differently expressed between HPP and CTRL in next generation sequencing (NGS) analysis(p&lt;0.05). Of these, 14 miRNAs were selected (selection criteria: p&lt;0.05, tissue specificity index &gt;0.7, log2 FC &gt;+0.8 or &lt; -0.8) for validation using RT-qPCR, which verified 6 of 14 selected miRNAs (p&lt;0.05; miR-122-3p, miR-140-5p, miR-143-3p, miR-155-5p, miR-451a, miR-92a-3p). Target prediction and enrichment analysis identified associations with the musculoskeletal system and the central nervous system. In total, 37 miRNAs correlated with ALP levels, but only three miRNAs with PLP (pyridoxal-5'-phosphate).

Conclusions
These findings highlight a profound involvement of multiple organ systems and the potential of miRNAs as biomarkers for the effect of HPP on various systems.