bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prothrombin time with citrated capillary whole blood as sample on a STA®Analyzer Bestimmung der Prothrombinzeit aus Kapillar-Citratblut am STA®-Analyzer
Authors: Albrecht Joachim , Brehmer Chris , Reichert Heike 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
In many doctors' offices for which our laboratory analyzes samples, citrated capillary whole blood (CCWB) is the preferred sample material for International Normalized Ratio (INR) testing for patients under oral anticoagulation therapy (OAC). In order to handle the workload efficiently, we adapted and validated the Owrens prothrombin time determination (STA® Hepato Quick) for this type of sample on our STA® Coagulation Analyzer. We found that the red blood cells, platelets etc. do not affect the clotting reaction itself, and the variance due to sedimentation of these cells while the sample is waiting on-board the instrument can be ignored for up to 30 min at least. The clotting times (CT) with CCWB are approximately 15% shorter compared to those of diluted citrated plasma (CP). When these shorter CTs are corrected for, the precalibration curve for CP provided by the manufacturer can also be used for CCWB. Based on the data obtained with five different lots of reagent we were able to calculate and validate a single factor (0.874). The international sensitivity indexes (ISI) for CP and CCWB were identical, in agreement with the literature [1]. To demonstrate lot independence, we applied the factor to data obtained with a sixth lot. CP and CCWB gave identical INR results.
Full-field Laser Shearography Instrumentation for the Detection and Characterization of Fatigue Cracks in Titanium 10-2-3
Authors: Groves RM , Furfari D , Barnes SE , James SW , Fu S , Irving PE , Tatam RP 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
A multi-component shearography instrument is used to investigate the in-plane surface strain fields in titanium 10-2-3 alloy specimens subjected to tensile loads. Titanium 10-2-3 alloy samples containing fatigue cracks with lengths from 0.7 to 5 mm were investigated using the shearography instrumentation. In-plane and out-of-plane measurements of surface strain are presented, along with comparative data from resistance strain gages. Factors determining the detection sensitivity, the limit of detection for crack lengths, and the accuracy of the strain field were established.
Sensitivity Analysis and Neutron Fluence Adjustment for VVER-440 RPV
Authors: Belousov SI , Ilieva KD , Matushko VL 
Published: March 2006

AbstractAdjustment of the neutron fluence on the VVER-440 reactor pressure vessel (RPV) inner wall has been carried out. For the purpose of this adjustment the neutron flux responses' sensitivity to the main parameters of calculation uncertainty has been calculated. The obtained sensitivities, the parameters uncertainty, and activity measurement data of iron, copper, and niobium detectors positioned behind the RPV of Kozloduy NPP Unit 1 have been used in this adjustment.
The Oxygen Index of Surgical Drape Materials
Authors: Serrao GW , Micou MK , Sidebotham GW , Wolf GL 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
An effective method for minimizing operating room fires is to use materials that are least flammable in air and in oxygen-enriched atmospheres (OEA). The objective of this study was to characterize the flammability of commonly used surgical drapes by measuring the minimum concentration of oxygen [O2] required to support a candle-like flame on the test specimen, the oxygen index (OI) [1]. Under the conditions studied, the OI was 17.8 for woven cotton towels (Huck), 18.5 for nonwoven cellulose draping, and 22.8 for polypropylene draping. These data demonstrate that materials commonly used for surgical draping have an OI less than or near the O2 content of ambient air (21 %), making them particularly susceptible to fire in the localized OEA of the operating room. Quantitative measures, such as the OI, are useful for determining the relative flammability of materials and their consideration should play an important role in optimizing operating room safety.
High Frequency Dynamic Testing of Rubbers and Rubber to Metal Devices
Authors: Cambiaghi D , Magalini A , Ramorino G , Riccò T , Vetturi D 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
This paper develops a methodology to test and evaluate the dynamic properties of elastomeric compounds and of rubber to metal devices by means of an electrodynamic shaker. The dynamic tensile and shear moduli of elastomeric materials and the dynamic stiffness of rubber components are evaluated under different conditions of excitation frequency, temperature, dynamic deformation, and static load.
Evaluation of the ASTMJInitiation Procedure Using the EURO Fracture Toughness Data Set
Authors: Landes JD 
Published: March 2006

AbstractThe multiple specimen procedure for the evaluation of a JIc value as presently measured using ASTM E 1820 is examined using the large fracture toughness dataset from the EURO round robin. Although a standard test procedure for JIc determination has been in use for more than 20 years, the multiple specimen option has not been regularly reassessed during that time. The EURO dataset was generated to evaluate the transition fracture toughness methods for steels. However, many of the test results produced ductile fracture information in terms of a final J versus ductile crack extension. This is the same information that is measured in a multiple specimen J initiation fracture toughness test. The dataset has more than 300 individual points of J versus crack extension and may be the largest dataset of that type produced for one material. Therefore, it is a useful dataset for evaluating the multiple specimen JIc procedure in ASTM E 1820. This evaluation showed that a value of JIc cannot be determined for a dataset containing more than 300 points, even though these points gave a consistent J-R curve. The criteria that are used for qualification of the data eliminate all of the points as being not qualified. This raises some serious concerns about the usefulness of the method as it is presently written, especially the restrictive nature of the qualification rules. Individual qualification criteria are examined and recommendations made for developing a more reasonable test method, one that can be used in the future to evaluate a multiple specimen fracture toughness for materials typically used in structural applications.
Relationship between Habitat and Sport Fish Populations over a 20-Year Period at West Lake Tohopekaliga, Florida
Authors: Bonvechio Kimberly I. , Bonvechio Timothy F. 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Relationships between environmental variables and sport fish population parameters were investigated for West Lake Tohopekaliga from 1983 to 2002. Through time, the lake has undergone a process of cultural oligotrophication as indicated by reductions in nutrient and chlorophyll-a concentrations because of improvements in wastewater treatment and the establishment of hydrilla Hydrilla verticillata in the system. With this decline in trophic state, angler catch and catch rate increased for largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides, but harvest and harvest rate decreased for black crappie Pomoxis nigromaculatus. Furthermore, the angler base of the lake shifted almost exclusively to those fishing for largemouth bass. Although angling effort for largemouth bass has increased through time with reductions in trophic state, angling effort for black crappies and sunfish species Lepomis spp. has declined. The growth of largemouth bass less than age 5 has also declined since the late 1980s, and the proportion of memorable-sized fish in electrofishing catches decreased with decreases in total phosphorus. Areal coverage of hydrilla varied dramatically throughout this 20-year period, and angler catch rate of largemouth bass as well as angler harvest rate of black crappies were positively correlated with hydrilla coverage. We believe the current level of nutrients and intermediate levels of vegetation (20–40%) should be maintained to balance the needs of both the angling and nonangling communities and to maximize the economic potential of the lake.
The influence of talking on showing and telling: adult‐child talk and children's verbal and nonverbal event recall
Authors: McGuigan Fiona , Salmon Karen 
Published: March 2006

AbstractAlthough adult–child discussion during an event has been shown to influence children's verbal recall, limited research has investigated its influence on nonverbal recall, particularly in the early school years. The current experiment addressed this gap. Sixty‐five 5‐ to 6‐year old children participated in a staged, novel event and were interviewed about it 2 weeks later. The 4 experimental conditions varied as to whether the children experiencedemptyorelaborativeadult–child talk during the event and whether, during the memory interview, verbal recall preceded re‐enactment (verbal‐first) or re‐enactment preceded verbal recall (nonverbal‐first). Replicating previous findings, elaborative talk increased the correct information in verbal recall. Moreover, elaborative talk increased the amount and accuracy of the information re‐enacted and reduced the errors made. Interview order did not influence the results. The findings extend theory and research by demonstrating that by age 5 years, elaborative talk influences not only verbal but also nonverbal recall. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Assessment of sensory substitution prosthesis potentialities in minimalist conditions of learning
Authors: Poirier Colline , Richard Marie‐Annick , Duy Dai Tran , Veraart Claude 
Published: March 2006

AbstractPattern recognition with a prosthesis substituting vision by audition was investigated. During 15 1‐hour sessions, nine blindfolded sighted subjects were trained to recognise 2D patterns by trial and error. In addition to a global assessment, recognition of pattern element nature (vertical bars, horizontal bars…), element size and element spatial arrangement were independently assessed for each pattern. Influence of experimental parameters (complexity level of patterns, exploration number of a pattern) on recognition was studied. Performances improved over sessions. As a rule, patterns element nature was less well recognised than element size and spatial arrangement. Experimental parameters influenced pattern recognition performance. Results are discussed in relation with auditory and visual perception as well as in the perspective to implement a learning protocol for future users of prosthesis. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Maturational opportunities in migration: separation–individuation perspective
Authors: Mirsky Julia , Peretz Yael 
Published: March 2006

AbstractThe psychological research of migration tends to overstress its distress‐provoking aspects and neglect the psychological opportunities that immigration presents. Based on the conceptualization of migration as a separation–individuation process, this paper attempts to shed some light on potential growth‐promoting factors in migration. Through the narrative of a young woman immigrant, it demonstrates how migration may offer an additional opportunity for psychological maturation and the attainment of autonomy. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The pathogenesis of greed: causes and consequences
Authors: Nikelly Arthur 
Published: March 2006

AbstractThe passion for selfish gratification in the amassing of wealth, and the worship of money through fraudulent and deceptive tactics, have become an increasingly visible and widely destructive phenomenon in society. This essay explores the nature, etiology, and impact of runaway greed on mental and physical health, and on the society and the environment. It examines the historical and metaphorical meanings of greed and its identification with social, cultural, religious, and economic determinants. The psychoanalytic explanation of acquisitive behavior is described along with approaches to treatment. The purpose of this analysis is to stimulate interest in the study of acquisitiveness and to raise awareness of its insidious consequences on the self and on society. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Enhanced molecular recognition signal in allosteric biosensing by proper substrate selection
Authors: Ferraz Rosa María , Arís Anna , Villaverde Antonio 
Published: March 2006

AbstractAmong protein biosensors, those based on enzymatic responses to specific analytes offer convenient instruments for fast and ultra‐fast molecular diagnosis, through the comparative analysis of the product formed in presence and in absence of the effector. We have explored here the performance of five β‐galactosidase substrates during the activation of a β‐galactosidase sensor by antibodies against the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Interestingly, the employed substrate determines the dynamic range of the allosteric signal and significantly influences the sensitivity of the senso‐enzymatic reaction. While ortho‐nitrophenyl β‐D‐galactopyranoside allows the detection of a model anti‐gp41 monoclonal antibody below 0.024 ng/µL, phenol red β‐D‐galactopyranoside offers the most dynamic response with signal/background ratios higher than 12‐fold and a detection limit around 0.071 ng/µL. The hydrolysis of both chromogenic substrates generates linear sensing responses to immune human sera and parallel time‐course topologies of the allosteric reaction. Therefore, the obtained results stress the potential of chromogenic substrates versus those rendering quimioluminescent, amperometric, or fluorescent signals, for the further automatization, miniaturization, or adaptation of β‐galactosidase‐based biosensing to high‐throughput applications. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Thermal inactivation of D‐amino acid oxidase from Trigonopsis variabilis occurs via three parallel paths of irreversible denaturation
Authors: Dib Iskandar , Slavica Anita , Riethorst Waander , Nidetzky Bernd 
Published: March 2006

AbstractTrigonopsis variabilis D‐amino acid oxidase (TvDAO) is a long‐known flavoenzyme whose most important biocatalytic application is currently the industrial production of 7‐amino‐cephalosporanic acid (7‐ACA) from cephalosporin C. Lacking mechanistic foundation, rational stabilization of TvDAO for improved process performance remains a problem. We report on results of thermal denaturation studies at 50°C in which two purified TvDAO forms were compared: the native enzyme, and a site‐specifically oxidized protein variant that had the side chain of cysteine108 converted into a sulfinic acid and lost 75% of original specific activity. Although inactivation time courses for both enzymes are fairly well described by simple single‐exponential decays, the underlying denaturation mechanisms are shown by experiments and modeling to be complex. One main path leading to inactivation is FAD release, a process whose net rate is determined by the reverse association rate constant (k), which is 25‐fold lower in the oxidized form of TvDAO. Cofactor dissociation is kinetically coupled to aggregation and can be blocked completely by the addition of free FAD. Aggregation is markedly attenuated in the less stable Cys108‐SO2H‐containing enzyme, suggesting that it is a step accompanying but not causing the inactivation. A second parallel path, characterized by a k‐value of 0.26/h that is not dependent on protein concentration and identical for both enzymes, likely reflects thermal unfolding reactions. A third, however, slow process is the conversion of the native enzyme into the oxidized form (k < 0.03/h). The results fully explain the different stabilities of native and oxidized TvDAO and provide an inactivation mechanism‐based tool for the stabilization of the soluble oxidase. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Dynamic Structural Investigations on the Torpedo Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor by Time‐Resolved Photoaffinity Labeling
Authors: Mourot Alexandre , Grutter Thomas , Goeldner Maurice , Kotzyba‐Hibert Florence 
Published: March 2006

AbstractAn increasing number of high‐resolution structures of membrane‐embedded ion channels (or soluble homologues) have emerged during the last couple of years. The most pressing need now is to understand the complex mechanism underlying ion‐channel function. Time‐resolved photoaffinity labeling is a suitable tool for investigating the molecular function of membrane proteins, especially when high‐resolution structures of related proteins are available. However until now this methodology has only been used on the Torpedo nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR). nAChRs are allosteric cation‐selective receptor channels that are activated by the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) and implicated in numerous physiological and pathological processes. Time‐resolved photoaffinity labeling has already enabled local motions of nAChR subdomains (i.e. agonist binding sites, ion channel, subunit interface) to be understood at the molecular level, and has helped to explain how small molecules can exert their physiological effect, an important step toward the development of drug design. Recent analytical and technical improvements should allow the application of this powerful methodology to other membrane proteins in the near future.
Real‐time MRI guided atrial septal puncture and balloon septostomy in swine
Authors: Raval Amish N. , Karmarkar Parag V. , Guttman Michael A. , Ozturk Cengizhan , DeSilva Ranil , Aviles Ronnier J. , Wright Victor J. , Schenke William H. , Atalar Ergin , McVeigh Elliot R. , Lederman Robert J. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractCardiac perforation during atrial septal puncture (ASP) might be avoided by improved image guidance. X‐ray fluoroscopy (XRF), which guides ASP, visualizes tissue poorly and does not convey depth information. Ultrasound is limited by device shadows and constrained imaging windows. Alternatively, real‐time MRI (rtMRI) provides excellent tissue contrast in any orientation and may enable ASP and balloon atrial septostomy (BAS) in swine. Custom MRI catheters incorporated “active” (receiver antenna) and “passive” (iron or gadolinium) elements. Wholly rtMRI‐guided transfemoral ASP and BAS were performed in 10 swine in a 1.5T interventional suite. Hemodynamic results were measured with catheters and velocity encoded MRI. Successful ASP was performed in all 10 animals. Necropsy confirmed septostomy confined within the fossa ovalis in all. BAS was successful in 9/10 animals. Antenna failure in a re‐used needle led to inadvertent vena cava tear prior to BAS in 1 animal. ASP in the same animal was easily performed using a new needle. rtMRI illustrated clear device‐tissue‐lumen relationships in multiple orientations, and facilitated simple ASP and BAS. The mean procedure time was 19 ± 10 minutes. Septostomy achieved a mean left to right shunt ratio of 1.3:1 in these healthy animals. Interactive rtMRI permits rapid transcatheter ASP and BAS in swine. Further technical development may enable novel applications. Published 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Coil embolization of a circumflex coronary aneurysm at the time of percutaneous coronary stenting
Authors: Kereiakes Dean J. , Long Dan E. , Ivey Thomas D. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractCoronary atherosclerotic aneurysm often occurs in association with severe atherosclerotic coronary stenosis. We describe the percutaneous catheter‐based approach to coil embolization of a circumflex coronary aneurysm at the time of obtuse marginal branch coronary stent deployment. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Safety and efficacy of staple‐mediated femoral arteriotomy closure: Results from a randomized multicenter study
Authors: Ansel Gary , Yakubov Stephen , Neilsen Christopher , Allie David , Stoler Robert , Hall Patrick , Fail Peter , Sanborn Timothy , Caputo Ronald P. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractBackground:Mechanical closure of percutaneous femoral arteriotomies following catheter based procedures remains problematic.Methods:The EVS closure device is the first to utilize a staple to effect arteriotomy closure and was compared to manual compression following sheath removal in a 362 patient randomized (2:1 to device) multicenter trial. As pre‐specified, one half of the patients underwent coronary intervention.Results:Time to hemostasis was significantly reduced in the EVS group for both diagnostic (3.3 ± 2.6 vs. 19.3 ± 5.7 minutes; p < 0.001) and interventional procedures (5.5 ± 5.1 vs. 22.3 ± 9.9 minutes; p < 0.0001). Time to ambulation was similarly reduced in the EVS group following diagnostic (2.4 ± 3.3 vs. 6.0 ± 5.2 hours; p < 0.001) and interventional procedures (3.4 ± 4.5 vs. 7.6 ± 7.0 hours; p < 0.001). The incidence of major complications was similar between the EVS and manual compression groups at discharge (0.4% vs. 1.7%; p = NS) and at 30 day follow‐up (0.4% vs. 2.5%; p = NS).Conclusion:Compared to manual compression, the EVS device provides a safe and effective method of femoral artery closure. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Time‐resolved circular dichroism in carbonmonoxy‐myoglobin: The central role of the proximal histidine
Authors: Dartigalongue Thibault , Hache François 
Published: March 2006

AbstractA calculation of the circular dichroism (CD) spectra of carbonmonoxy‐ and deoxy‐myoglobin is carried out in relation to a time‐resolved CD experiment. This calculation allows us to assign a dominant role to the proximal histidine in the definition of the electronic normal modes and to interpret the transient CD structure observed in a strain of the proximal histidine. This strain builds up in 10 ps and relaxes in 50 ps as the protein evolves towards its deoxy form. Chirality, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
High‐performance liquid chromatographic enantioseparation of unusual secondary amino acids on a D‐penicillamine‐based chiral ligand exchange column
Authors: Ilisz István , Tourwé Dirk , Armstrong Daniel W. , Péter Antal 
Published: March 2006

AbstractThe application of a chiral ligand‐exchange column (CLEC) for the direct high‐performance liquid chromatographic enantioseparation of unusual secondary amino acids using D‐penicillamine‐Cu(II) complex as chiral selector is reported. The amino acids investigated were pyrrolidine‐2‐carboxylic acid, piperidine‐2‐carboxylic acid, piperazine‐2‐carboxylic acid, morpholine‐3‐carboxylic acid, and thiomorpholine‐3‐carboxylic acid analogs. Chromatographic results are given as the retention, separation, and resolution factors. The chromatographic conditions were varied to achieve optimal separation. The elution sequence of the enantiomers was determined and in most cases the S isomer eluted before R. Chirality 18:539–543, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.