bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
الأزمات الاقتصادية وأثرها على شرعية النظام السياسي (أزمة اقرار الموازنة العراقية لسنه 2023م انموذجا)
Authors: م.م لقاء ياسين حسن محمد م.م لقاء ياسين حسن محمد 
Published: March 2024

الأزمات الاقتصادية في أي بلد تؤثر مباشرة على شرعية النظام السياسي، وفي حال استمرار تلك الأزمة، فإنها تؤثر أيضًا على شرعية النظام السياسي وعلى القبول الشعبي له. كما هو الحال في العراق، حيث يستمر تأخير اقرار الموازنة نتيجة للصراعات السياسية وعدم وجود توافق بين الكتل السياسية وحصة الإقليم (إقليم كردستان) والكتل السنية والشيعية، مما يؤثر بشكل كبير على تأخير اقرار الموازنة، خاصة اعتمادها لمدة ثلاث سنوات، مما تسبب في مشاكل في التوصل إلى اتفاق حول اقرارها. و يترتب على ذلك تعطيل المشاريع الخدمية والصناعية والكهربائية، وتأخير صرف رواتب الموظفين، وتعثر تنفيذ المشاريع الصناعية الكبيرة والاستثمارات. وفي حال استمرار الأزمات المتتالية، قد تؤثر هذه الأوضاع سلبًا على شرعية النظام السياسي، مما قد يؤدي في نهاية المطاف إلى انهيار شرعيته.
الكلمات المفتاحية: الازمه الاقتصادية، الشرعية , الموازنة, التنمية الاقتصادية .
الاستراتيجية الصينية اتجاه تايوان وانعكاساتها الإقليمية
Authors: ا.م.د حسام ممدوح خيرو ا.م.د حسام ممدوح خيرو , معتصم كريم عبد النبي معتصم كريم عبد النبي 
Published: March 2024

تايــــوان ذات أهمية كبيرة للصين. ويشير الدســــــتور لجمهورية الصين الشعبيــــة إلى أن تايوان "أرضًا مقدسة" للصيــــــن. ومن وجهة نظر بكيــــن أن عدم إعـــــادة دمج تايوان بالوطــــن الأم، هو أمر يمكن أن يــــؤثر على قدرة الحزب الشيوعـــــي الصيني في الاحتفــــاظ بالشرعية في الصين. مع تزايـــــد النزعة القومية ورؤية الحزب الشيوعي الصيني لشرعيتـــــه على أساس الترويج لـ "رؤية موحدة للصين والعالم: صيــــن واحدة، حقيقـــة واحدة، عالم واحــــد، حلم واحــــد"، لا يمكن للحزب أن يترك لتايوان مستقبلاَ منفصلاً عنهـــا. لذلك، من المؤكد إن تايوان مصلحة وطنية أساسية لجمهورية الصين الشعبية طالما أن الحزب الشيوعي الصيني يحتكر السلطة.
إذ شغلت تايوان كثيرا التفكير الاستراتيجي الصيني على مدى العقود السابقة، مما أثرً على الصين في علاقاتها الخارجية، لا سيما الإقليمية، هذا الأثر سبب إشكالات كبرى للصين على مستوى سياستها الخارجية كونها أضحت في محل التنافس.
الكلمات المفتاحية: الاستراتيجية الصينية، تداعيات الأزمة التايوانية، تايوان، الصين.
الديمقراطية المحدثة في النظام السياسي للولايات المتحدة الامريكية
Authors: م.د. لؤي سعد عبيد م.د. لؤي سعد عبيد 
Published: March 2024

المستخلص:
لم تنشأ الولايات المتحدة الامريكية كبقية الدول القوميةـ، بل ان جذور تكوينها يعود الى تدفق الهجرة الانكليزية والأوربية نحوها اما بسبب الاضطهاد السياسي، أو الأزمات الاقتصادية، أو بحثا عن الثروة. لتتكون ثلاثة عشر مستعمرة تابعة للتاج البريطاني.
بدأت تتوتر العلاقة بين المستوطنات الثلاثة عشر ووطنهم الام بريطانيا، بسبب التسلط الإنكليزي على المستعمرات وفرض الضرائب، ورافق ذلك بروز الأفكار الديمقراطية والتحررية التي كان أساسها الممارسات الديمقراطية في بعض المستوطنات والتي بدأتها مستوطنة فرجينيا التي كانت تتمتع بحكم ذاتي في إدارة شؤونها من دون ان تخرج عن التبعية الإنكليزية سياسياً لتكون نموذجا لبقية المستوطنات. فانطلقت حركات ثورية تطالب بالاستقلال عن بريطانيا حتى تمكنت من الحصول عليه وتشكيل اتحاد كونفدرالي، الا ان ذلك الاتحاد واجه الكثير من المشاكل الاقتصادية السياسية مما جعل الإباء المؤسسين يحاولون أيجاد نظام حكم يثبت وحدة الولايات ويمنع انفصالها عن الاتحاد.
وبسبب تأثر الآباءالمؤسسين بوطنهم الام بريطانيا حاولوا إيجاد نظام سياسي كان اشبه بالنظام الملكي الإنكليزي الا انهم قاموا بتحديثه والمزاوجة بين النظام الملكي المطلق والديمقراطية. ليكون نظاماً مبتكراً من قبل واضعي دستور الولايات المتحدة اخذت به الكثير من الدول.
الكلمات المفتاحية: الديمقراطية الامريكية، النظام السياسي في الولايات المتحدة الامريكية، الدستور الأمريكي، النظام الرئاسي.
رؤية مستقبلية لسياسة العراق الخارجية تجاه دول الجوار الجغرافي
Authors: ا.د نوار جليل هاشم ا.د نوار جليل هاشم 
Published: March 2024

انُ سياسة العراق الخارجية يمكن أنْ تتحدد وفق عناصر القوة والموارد والفرص ومرونة الحركة للنظام السياسي، بحيث يصبح العراق قادراً على توظيف ما يمتلكه من نقاط قوة وما تمثله من حاجة لدى جيرانه لتحقيق أكبر قدر من المكاسب عبر الإدراك الصحيح والاستجابة المرتكزة على مقومات الفعل، لذا سنحاول في هذا البحث الحديث عن طبيعة توجهات السياسة العراقية تجاه دول الجوار الجغرافيذلك بعد البحث في سياسة العراق الخارجية مع كل دولة من الدول المجاورة وتحديد طبيعة السياسة مع كل منها وفق محددات القوة.
كلمات مفتاحية: العراق ، سياسة ، خارجية ، قوة ، جوار.
Computer Vision and Deep Learning Transforming Image Recognition and Beyond
Authors: Chen Yizhi , Wang Sihao , Lin Luqi , Cui Zhengrong , Zong Yanqi 
Published: March 2024

Computer vision is a cutting-edge information processing technology that seeks to mimic the human visual nervous system. Its primary aim is to emulate the psychological processes of human vision to interpret and depict objective scenery. This revolutionary field encompasses a wide range of applications, including life sciences, medical diagnosis, military operations, scientific research, and many others. At the heart of computer vision lies the theoretical core, which includes deep learning, image recognition, target detection, and target tracking These elements combine to enable computers to process, analyze, and understand images, allowing for the classification of objects based on various patterns One of the standout advantages of deep learning techniques, when compared to traditional methods, is their ability to automatically learn and adapt to the specific features required for a given problem. This adaptive nature of deep learning networks has opened up new possibilities and paved the way for remarkable breakthroughs in the field of computer vision. This paper examines the practical application of computer vision processing technology and convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and elucidates the advancements in artificial intelligence within the field of computer vision image recognition. It does so by showcasing the tangible benefits and functionalities of these technologies.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN IBU NIFAS TENTANG PERAWATAN PAYUDARA DENGAN KELANCARAN PENGELUARAN ASI DI PUSKESMAS KOTA KABUPATEN BANTAENG
Authors: Suhartini Suhartini , Yuliandini Astri , Ani Ani 
Published: March 2024

Introduction : Breast care during breastfeeding aims to keep the breasts always clean and easy for babies to suck. After each feeding, the breasts are immediately cleaned of splattered milk so as not to become a medium for bacteria to develop. For this reason, breast care prevents infections in the breast such as mastitis (mammary infection). Method: The research was conducted in November 2022 at the Bantaeng Regency City Health Center in 2022. This type of research is the Cross Sectional Study method. The population in this study is all postpartum mothers who are at the Bantaeng Regency City Health Center in 2022. The sample in this study was postpartum mothers who were at the Bantaeng Regency City Health Center in 2022 as many as 30 people using Purposive Sampling techniques. Results: The results showed that of the 30 people sampled, 20 people were well informed about breast care (66.7%) and 10 were less knowledgeable (33.3%). The results showed that of the 30 people used as samples, 19 people experienced smooth breastfeeding expenditure (63.3%) and 11 people (36.7%) who were not smooth. The results showed that there was a relationship between postpartum mothers' knowledge about breast care and smooth milk dispensing. Conclusion : It is expected for mothers to understand the techniques and how to do so that mothers can do according to their stages
Vështrime demografike, ekonomike dhe të komunikacionit në Kosovë gjatë gjysmës së parë të vitit 1914
Authors: Rifati Fitim 
Published: March 2024

Pushtimi dhe aneksimi i Kosovës nga Mbretëria e Serbisë dhe e Malit të Zi, më 1912-1913, veç tjerash u ndje edhe në strukturën
demografike, në fushën ekonomike dhe të komunikacionit. Qenësia e strukturës demografike, zhvillimi dhe stabiliteti ekonomik në Kosovë u tronditën, sepse ruajtja e bërthamës etnike e përparimi ekonomik vareshin veçanërisht nga rrethanat politike dhe qëndrimi i Qeverisë e administratës serbo-malazeze ndaj shqiptarëve. Në fillim të vitit 1914, Mbretëria e Serbisë dhe pjesërisht ajo e Malit të Zi, nisën zbatimin e projekteve demografike, ekonomike dhe të komunikacionit në Kosovë e më gjerë, që i përshtateshin interesave politike.
A Psicologia na Atenção Básica: relato de experiência de estudantes no Programa PET-Saúde em Curitiba-PR
Authors: Beggiato volpi Ana Gabriela , Dantas Rodrigues dos Santos Thales , Galiego de Sousa Ann'Elena , Löhr Tacla Thaise 
Published: March 2024

O Sistema Único de Saúde, desde sua criação na Constituição Federal de 1988, tem como objetivo garantir e fornecer acessos universal à saúde, a partir de uma visão integral e holística no atendimento ao usuário. No atendimento uma atuação interdisciplinar é necessária, assim como a compreensão da complexidade dos indivíduos e de sua respectiva saúde. A Psicologia encontra-se presente e atuante dentro do modelo de saúde coletiva, como parte do trabalho interdisciplinar no SUS, diferenciando-se do modelo psicológico tradicional clínico. Este artigo tem como objetivo ilustrar um relato de experiência de estudantes de Psicologia que participaram do programa PET-Saúde em uma Unidade de Saúde da cidade de Curitiba-PR. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo descritivo que expõe a vivência prática dos estudantes na Atenção Básica. Como resultado, obtiveram-se aprendizados acerca do funcionamento de uma Unidade de Saúde, do fluxograma do Serviço de Psicologia e da atuação do profissional psicólogo em tal nível de atenção.
Palavras-chave: Pet-Saúde; Unidade de Saúde; Psicologia; Saúde Pública; Atenção Básica
Rede de apoio social e afetiva percebida por mulheres em situação conjugal com apenados
Authors: Martins Jappe Juliana , De Antoni Clarissa 
Published: March 2024

Ao compreender o crescente número da população carcerária e, por consequência, o envolvimento de familiares com esse sistema, o presente trabalho busca explorar as percepções de mulheres em situação conjugal com apenados sobre sua rede de apoio social e afetiva. Para isso, realizou-se uma pesquisa qualitativa exploratória-descritiva com mulheres de apenados em um Centro de Reintegração Social do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Os instrumentos de coleta foram o questionário sociodemográfico e o roteiro de entrevista semiestruturada, ambos elaborados pelas pesquisadoras. Para a compreensão dos dados foi utilizada a Análise Temática. Participaram do estudo seis mulheres, entre 33 e 58 anos. Observou-se que essas mulheres percebem suas redes sociais e afetivas como pequenas e, majoritariamente, formada por outras mulheres que as cercam, possuindo principalmente as funções de apoio social e guia cognitivo, embora haja a flutuação por todos os papéis. No entanto, essas redes ainda são percebidas como precárias pela discriminação, vergonha e sobrecarga de papéis assumidos. Salientamos a importância de fornecer visibilidade para essas mulheres que estão também em uma situação de vulnerabilidade psicossocial.
The role of the North Caucasian Diaspora (Muhajirs) in the Ottoman Empire in bilateral relations between Russia and Turkey in 1917-1921 in the context of revolutions, external and internal conflicts
Authors: Israilov Adam Khamzatovich 
Published: March 2024

The author examines the influence of the North Caucasian diaspora (Muhajirs) on the relations of the Ottoman Empire, and later Turkey with Russia in the context of the creation of the Union of Highlanders of the North Caucasus and Dagestan in the region of the same name during the conflicts – the Civil War in Russia and the War of Independence of Turkey. The end of the First World War was marked by the fall of the largest European empires, including the Russian and Ottoman empires. These cataclysms have led to an increase in conflict in the region. In addition, these processes contributed to the growth of national consciousness of the peoples who were part of these states. At the same time, the social upsurge took place not only in the country of origin, but also in the diaspora, which, using its social position in the receiving country, tried to influence foreign policy in order to realize its historical "myth". In turn, the diaspora simultaneously acted as an informal "instrument" in relations between Russia and Turkey. The research used general scientific methods such as analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, the unity of historical and logical. A wide source and historiographical base was used. The study revealed that representatives of the diaspora had a double identity: on the one hand, they retained the "myth" of their historical homeland, on the other, they considered themselves loyal subjects of the Ottoman state. Based on their dual self-identification, their activities and the policy of the Turkish state in the Caucasus resulted, forming a kind of symbiosis, so the foreign policy interests of the state were intertwined with the desire of the muhajirs to return to their homeland. At the same time, the country of origin, although actively cooperating with the diaspora, also pursued its own interests. However, as the revolutions in Russia and Turkey faded and the state apparatus of the two countries strengthened, the diaspora factor began to decrease – national interests prevailed over the interests of individual ethnic groups.
Family Centered Care: The Perspective of Nurses in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Tamale Teaching Hospital, Ghana: A Qualitative Exploration
Authors: Agwiah Victoria Awalenkak , Boateng Keren-Happuch Twumasiwaa 
Published: March 2024

Background: Family-Centered Care is a care approach in which healthcare professionals collaborate with the patient's family to plan and make decisions regarding the patient's treatment. Family-Centered Care is widely acknowledged and documented as the optimal care approach for neonatal practice. Despite the growing use of this method, there is a lack of research on the perspectives of healthcare professionals and carers regarding Family-Centered Care. The study aimed to evaluate the viewpoints of nurses regarding FCC in the newborn critical care unit at the Tamale Teaching Hospital.
Methodology: The study utilised an exploratory descriptive design employing a qualitative technique, in which focus group talks were held among participants. The material was transcribed and processed via thematic and content analysis techniques.
Findings: Approximately majority of the participants demonstrated awareness of the idea of Family-Centered Care, which they elaborated upon through two main themes namely provision of care for both the patient and their family, and Involvement of relatives in the care of the patient.
Recommendations: Majority of participants expressed that Family-Centered Care was not practiced in their unit. Nevertheless, all participants unanimously concurred that the approach had the potential to yield positive results in terms of patient care outcomes.
Comparative Sonographic Evaluation of the Gallbladder in Sickle Cell Disease Patients and Apparently Healthy Non-Sickle Cell Disease Individuals in a Nigerian Town
Authors: Oyomi J. K  , Irabor P. F. I  , Eluehike S. U  , Akhigbe A. O  , Izevbekhai S. O  
Published: March 2024

Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an autosomal recessive blood disorder with multi-organ manifestations including the gall bladder. Studies have shown that individuals with sickle cell disease have strong tendency of developing pigment gallstones due to chronic red blood cell hemolysis and increased bilirubin levels.
Aim and Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the gallbladder changes which includes volume, wall thickness, presence of biliary sludge and prevalence of calculi between age and sex-matched sickle cell disease patients and apparently healthy, normal non-SCD individuals.
Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional comparative study of 50 known SCD patients attending the Haematology clinic of sub-urban tertiary health facility in Nigeria, and equal number of age and sex-matched apparently healthy, non-SCD volunteers attending the Well people clinic of the same hospital as controls. Each subject was evaluated for gallbladder volume, wall thickness, presence of biliary sludge and gallstones using a 3.5-5MHz curvilinear array transducer of a Mindray ultrasound machine, DC-6 model, 2016.
Data Analysis: The data collected was analysed using the IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.
Statistical test was considered significant at p-value ≤ 0.05 and a confidence interval of 95%.
Results: Out of the 100 subjects who underwent scanning, 50 were patients with sickle cell disease, consisting of 29 males (58.0%) and 21 females (42.0%), while the remaining 50 were non-sickle cell disease volunteers serving as controls, comprising 24 males (48.0%) and 26 females (52.0%). Their ages ranged from 2 to 65 years.
The mean age of the cases and controls was 22.1±14.7 years and 19.9±12.6 years respectively. Among the patients; 8 (16.0%) had cholecystitis and 10 (20.0%) had gallstones, with no detectable abnormality in the controls.
Conclusion: The ultrasonographic prevalence of gallbladder abnormalities was recorded only in patients with sickle cell disease when compared to apparently healthy controls as shown with increased prevalence with age.
Prevalence and Concentration of Airborne Microorganisms Isolated from Domestic Toilets in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Agi V. N.  , Ollor O. A.  , Azike C. A.  , Chukwu G. C.  
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Microorganisms are ubiquitous in nature and transient airborne microorganisms have been shown to constitute major health hazards.
Aim: This study was carried out to assess the microbial air quality in ten (10) domestic toilets located in mile-3, Alakahia, Choba, Ada-George and Rumuokwuta, Port Harcourt, Rivers state, Nigeria.
Methodology: Microbial air quality was sampled using sedimentation techniques. Freshly prepared Nutrient Agar, MacConkey and Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) plates were placed one meter above the floor of the toilets for 1 hours at different sections of each toilet exposed to an open air. The agar plates were closed and transported to the Laboratory were incubation took place at 37°C for 24 hours and 25°C for 3-5 days for growth of bacteria and fungi respectively. Isolates were characterized and identified by standard microbiological methods.
Results: The bacteria isolated were Staphylococcus species 22(22.45%), Bacillus species 20 (20.41%), Enterococcus species 20(20.41%), Escherichia coli 16(16.32%), Micrococcus species 15 (15.31%), Klebsiella species 3(3.06%), and Proteus species 2(2.04%) while Aspergillus species 14(27.45%), Penicillium species 16(23.53%), Fusarium species 10(19.60%), Mucor species 8(15.69%), and Rhizopus species 7(13.73%) were the fungi identified. The highest bacteria colony count before and after flushing were 52.380×103CFU/m3/hr & 67.261× 103CFU/m3/ hrrespectively while the lowest bacteria counts observed before and after flushing 19.047× 103CFU/m3/hr & 39.286×103CFU/m3/hr while the highest and lowest fungal count before and after flushing were 10.119×103CFU/m3/hr & 13.690×103CFU/m3/hr and 5.952×103CFU/m3/hr & 5.953×103CFU/m3/hr respectively.
Conclusion: This study shows that considerable numbers of both pathogenic bacteria and fungi particles were released into the air in higher quantity after flushing domestic toilets when compared to air quality before flushing. These organisms have been implicated in major and minor infectious diseases. Inhalation or contact may easily lead to infection especially in immunocompromised individuals and the older adults. To maintain the health of users, it is necessary to carefully manage the environmental factors that promote the growth and multiplication of microorganisms in domestic toilet environment.
Micro-shear Bond Strength of Self-Adhesive Versus Conventional Low-viscosity Composite Resins: In vitro Study
Authors: Zanatta Cassia Thaís Iurkiv , Cardoso Poliana Maria de Faveri , Camilotti Veridiana , Mendonça Márcio José , Ueda Julio Katuhide 
Published: March 2024

Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the micro-shear bond strength of a self-adhesive versus conventional low-viscosity composite resins adhered to enamel.
Study Design: In vitro study.
Place and Duration of Study: Dental Clinic of the Western State University of Paraná, between October 2022 and September 2023.
Methodology: In this in vitro study, the crowns of ten bovine incisor teeth were separated from the roots and embedded in polyvinyl chloride cylinders with acrylic resin. The teeth were divided into two groups (n=5) according to the type of low-viscosity composite resin used on the enamel, resulting in a total of fifteen specimens: one group with self-adhesive composite resin and another with conventional composite resin. Specimens measuring 3 × 2 mm were prepared with low-viscosity composite resin and applied to the adhesive areas according to their respective groups. The micro-shear test was carried out after 7 days of immersion in distilled water in a universal mechanical testing machine with a 50 kg load cell. The statistical analysis in this study employed the Shapiro-Wilk test to assess data normality. Due to non-normal distribution, the non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test was utilized for group comparisons (p < 0.001). Supplementary analyses were performed using the Dwass-Steel-Critchlow-Fligner (DSCF) test for multiple comparisons (p < 0.001) to detect intergroup differences. Fractures were analyzed using a stereoscopic magnifying glass at 40x magnification.
Results: The lowest micro-shear bond strength was observed in the self-adhesive composite resin group, while the highest was observed in the conventional composite resin group. On average, the micro-shear bond strength was higher for the conventional composite resin group compared to the self-adhesive composite resin group (p < 0.001). Most fractures in the conventional composite resin group were mixed, whereas in the Self-Adhesive composite resin group they were predominantly adhesive.
Conclusion: Based on this study, it can be concluded that self-adhesive flowable composite resin exhibited lower enamel bond strength values compared to conventional flowable composite resin.
Determination of the sexual phenotype in a child with 45,X/46,X,Idic(Yp) mosaicism: Importance of the relative proportion of the 45,X line in gonadal tissue
Authors: Guedes Alexis D. , Bianco Bianca , Lipay Mônica V.N. , Brunoni Décio , de Lourdes Chauffaille Maria , Verreschi Ieda T.N. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractWe report on a girl who, despite her 45,X/46,X,der(Y) karyotype, showed no signs of virilization or physical signs of the Ullrich–Turner syndrome (UTS), except for a reduced growth rate. After prophylactic gonadectomy due to the risk of developing gonadoblastoma, the gonads and peripheral blood samples were analyzed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect Y‐specific sequences. These analyses allowed us to characterize the Y‐derived chromosome as being an isodicentric Yp chromosome (idic(Yp)) and showed a pronounced difference in the distribution of the 45,X/46,X,idic(Yp) mosaicism between the two analyzed tissues. It was shown that, although in peripheral blood almost all cells (97.5%) belonged to the idic(Yp) line with a duplicated SRY gene, this did not determine any degree of male sexual differentiation in the patient, as in the gonads the predominant cell line was 45,X (60%). © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.