bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fabrication of EGCG‐loaded Spirulina platensis microcarrier with sustained release properties and their application in extending the shelf‐life of minced lamb meat
Authors: Han Mengfan , Chen Jinghua , Zhao Zhengshan , Xiang Xiaomei , Liu Xuebo , Feng Xianchao , Chen Lin 
Published: March 2024

SummaryIn the present study, epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate (EGCG)‐loaded Spirulina platensis (SP) microcarriers (SP@EGCG) were constructed and used to extend the shelf‐life of minced lamb meat as an antioxidant with good sustained release properties. Results showed that the encapsulation efficiency and encapsulation yield of SP@EGCG microcarriers were 91.19 ± 1.18% and 133.19 ± 1.34 μg mg−1, respectively. Results of fluorescence microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry confirmed that the EGCG was successfully loaded in SP through hydrogen bonding interactions, and existing in an amorphous state. SP@EGCG displayed excellent antioxidant activity and stability. The SP@EGCG presented cumulative release in four food models (water, 3% acetic acid, 10% ethanol and 50% ethanol), and the cumulative release of SP@EGCG in 50% ethanol was the highest. These results indicated that SP can be used as a novel carrier of EGCG, and the prepared SP@EGCG microcarriers had potential applications in extending the shelf‐life of lamb meat.
Lipidomics‐based study of lipid quality of fish by‐products: a case study of sea bass (Lateolabrax japonicus)
Authors: Ying Xiaoguo , Li Xinyang , Ma Lukai , Wang Feng , Xiao Gengsheng , Benjakul Soottawat , Liu Dongjie 
Published: March 2024

SummaryBy‐products of sea bass are a good source of lipids, among which viscera was the best lipid source containing 66% total lipids. Acid value, peroxide value (POV), p‐anisidine value (p‐AV), and conjugated diene value (CDV) were used to monitor oxidation. Visceral oil has a relatively higher level of POV, AV and CDV than head and belly. Radical production detected by ESR spectroscopy was also high in viscera. Fatty acid analysis showed that visceral oil of sea bass has a very high ratio of monounsaturated fatty acid, which includes oleic acid (C18:1n9), and palmitoleic acid (C16:1n9) accounting for 28.45% and 3.25% of total visceral oil and are rich in omega‐6 polyunsaturated fatty acids accounting for 34.78% of total lipids. Volatile compounds in visceral oil were low with flora and spicy oil wax aroma. Low amounts of aldehydes, ketones and alcohols indicated a low level of oxidation in the early stage of storage. ESR results indicated higher free radical level in visceral oil, which might result in the Inside‐Out quality deterioration.
Influences of lactic acid bacterial fermentation on the physicochemical properties and biological activities of olive phenols
Authors: Lin Jia‐Xin , Xiong Tao , Peng Fei 
Published: March 2024

SummaryOlives are a popular fruit in China, often consumed as olive juice beverages due to their richness in phenolic compounds. Fermentation by lactic acid bacteria has been shown to enhance the nutritional and health benefits of fruits and vegetables. However, the effect of fermentation on olive phenolics during in vitro‐simulated digestion has not yet been reported. This study aimed to explore changes in total polyphenol content, antioxidant capacity, xanthine oxidase inhibition, and effects on simulated digestion of olive phenolics before and after fermentation of olive fruits. Fermentation increased the total phenolic content, antioxidant capacity and XO inhibition activity of olive phenolics and these differences were maintained after simulated gastrointestinal digestion. This means that fermented olives should have greater biological activity in general as well as greater human health benefits. Phenolic extracts of fermented olives contained six phenolics with a higher content than unfermented olives after simulated gastrointestinal digestion. These findings help to improve understanding of the benefits of fermentation for producing health‐beneficial functional foods from fruits and vegetables that are rich in phenolic compounds.
Pulmonary embolism response teams. A description of the first 36‐month Australian experience
Authors: Roy Bapti , Cho Jin‐Gun , Baker Luke , Thomas Liza , Curnow Jennifer , Harvey John J. , Geenty Paul , Banerjee Ashoke , Lai Kevin , Vicaretti Mauro , Erksine Odette , Li Jane , Alasady Rafid , Wong Vanessa , Tai Jian E. , Thirunavukarasu Caitlin , Haque Imran , Chien Jimmy ,   the Westmead Hospital Pulmonary Embolism Response Team
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundHigh/intermediate‐risk pulmonary embolism (PE) confers increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. International guidelines recommend the formation of a PE response team (PERT) for PE management because of the complexity of risk stratification and emerging treatment options. However, there are currently no available Australian data regarding outcomes of PE managed through a PERT.AimsTo analyse the clinical and outcome data of patients from an Australian centre with high/intermediate‐risk PE requiring PERT‐guided management.MethodsWe performed a retrospective observational study of 75 consecutive patients with high/intermediate‐risk PE who had PERT involvement, between August 2018 and July 2021. We recorded clinical and interventional data at the time of PERT and assessed patient outcomes up to 30 days from PERT initiation. We used unpaired t tests to compare right to left ventricular (RV/LV) ratios by computed tomography criteria or transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) at baseline and after interventions.ResultsData were available for 74 patients. Initial computed tomography pulmonary angiography RV/LV ratio was increased at 1.65 ± 0.5 and decreased to 1.30 ± 0.29 following PERT‐guided interventions (P < 0.001). TTE RV/LV ratio also decreased following PERT‐guided management (1.09 ± 0.19 vs 0.93 ± 0.17; P < 0.001). 20% of patients had any bleeding complication, but two‐thirds were mild, not requiring intervention. All‐cause mortality was 6.8%, and all occurred within the first 7 days of admission.ConclusionThe PERT model is feasible in a large Australian centre in managing complex and time‐critical PE. Our data demonstrate outcomes comparable with existing published international PERT data. However, successful implementation at other Australian institutions may require adequate centre‐specific resource availability and the presence of multispeciality input.
The clinical value of intelligent wound measurement devices in patients with chronic wounds: A scoping review
Authors: Wu Yujie , Wu Liping , Yu Mingfeng 
Published: March 2024

AbstractChronic wounds are common in clinical practice, with long treatment cycle and high treatment cost. Changes in wound area can well predict the effectiveness of treatment and the possibility of healing. Therefore, continuous wound monitoring and evaluation are particularly important. Traditional manual wound measurement tends to overestimate wound area. Recently, various intelligent wound measurement devices have been introduced into clinical practice. This review aims to summarise the reliability, validity, types and measurement principles of different intelligent wound measurement devices, so as to analyse the clinical value and application prospect. Articles numbering 2610 were retrieved from the database, and 14 articles met the inclusion criteria. The results showed that the intelligent wound measurement devices included in the study reported good reliability and validity. Contact devices can lead to wound bed damage, wound deformation, patient pain, and is not convenient for electronic wound recording; partial contact devices can complete continuous monitoring and recording of wounds, but are not sensitive to wound depth measurement. Non‐contact devices are more accurate in capturing wound images. In addition to wound measurement, they also have the function of wound assessment. In general, handheld and portable non‐contact devices have great clinical value and promotion prospects.
Targeted inhibition of colorectal cancer proliferation: The dual‐modulatory role of 2,4‐DTBP on anti‐apoptotic Bcl‐2 and Survivin proteins
Authors: Saha Partha , Hegde Mangala , Chakraborty Kanak , Singha Achinta , Mukerjee Nobendu , Ghosh Deepshikha , Kunnumakkara Ajaikumar B. , Khan Mohd Shahnawaz , Ahmad Md Irshad , Ghosh Arabinda , Kumer Ajoy , Sil Samir Kumar 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe anti‐apoptotic proteins, Bcl‐2 and Survivin, are consistently overexpressed in numerous human malignancies, notably in colorectal cancer. 2,4‐Di‐tert‐butylphenol (2,4‐DTBP) is a naturally occurring phenolic compound known for its diverse biological activities, including anti‐cancer properties. The mechanism behind 2,4‐DTBP‐induced inhibition of cell proliferation and apoptosis in human colorectal cancer cells, specifically regarding Bcl‐2 and Survivin, remains to be elucidated. In this study, we employed both in silico and in vitro methodologies to underpin this interaction at the molecular level. Molecular docking demonstrated a substantial binding affinity of 2,4‐DTBP towards Bcl‐2 (ΔG = −9.8 kcal/mol) and Survivin (ΔG = −5.6 kcal/mol), suggesting a potential inhibitory effect. Further, molecular dynamic simulations complemented by MM‐GBSA calculations confirmed the significant binding of 2,4‐DTBP with Bcl‐2 (dGbind = −54.85 ± 6.79 kcal/mol) and Survivin (dGbind = −32.36 ± 1.29 kcal/mol). In vitro assays using HCT116 colorectal cancer cells revealed that 2,4‐DTBP inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis in both a dose‐ and time‐dependent manner. Fluorescence imaging and scanning electron microscopy illustrated the classical features associated with apoptosis upon 2,4‐DTBP exposure. Cell cycle analysis through flow cytometry highlighted a G1 phase arrest and apoptosis assay demonstrated increased apoptotic cell population. Notably, western blotting results indicated a decreased expression of Bcl‐2 and Survivin post‐treatment. Considering the cytoprotective roles of Bcl‐2 and Survivin through the inhibition of mitochondrial dysfunction, our findings of disrupted mitochondrial bioenergetics, characterized by reduced ATP production and oxygen consumption, further accentuate the functional impairment of these proteins. Overall, the integration of in silico and in vitro data suggests that 2,4‐DTBP holds promise as a therapeutic agent targeting Bcl‐2 and Survivin in colorectal cancer.
Research progress on the roles of dopamine and dopamine receptors in digestive system diseases
Authors: Lu Xianmin , Liu Qi , Deng Ya , Wu Jiangbo , Mu Xingyi , Yang Xiaoxu , Zhang Ting , Luo Chen , Li Zhuo , Tang Siqi , Hu Yanxia , Du Qian , Xu Jingyu , Xie Rui 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDopamine (DA) is a neurotransmitter synthesized in the human body that acts on multiple organs throughout the body, reaching them through the blood circulation. Neurotransmitters are special molecules that act as messengers by binding to receptors at chemical synapses between neurons. As ligands, they mainly bind to corresponding receptors on central or peripheral tissue cells. Signalling through chemical synapses is involved in regulating the activities of various body systems. Lack of DA or a decrease in DA levels in the brain can lead to serious diseases such as Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, addiction and attention deficit disorder. It is widely recognized that DA is closely related to neurological diseases. As research on the roles of brain‐gut peptides in human physiology and pathology has deepened in recent years, the regulatory role of neurotransmitters in digestive system diseases has gradually attracted researchers' attention, and research on DA has expanded to the field of digestive system diseases. This review mainly elaborates on the research progress on the roles of DA and DRs related to digestive system diseases. Starting from the biochemical and pharmacological properties of DA and DRs, it discusses the therapeutic value of DA‐ and DR‐related drugs for digestive system diseases.
Exploring the current landscape of single‐cell RNA sequencing applications in gastric cancer research
Authors: Awuah Wireko Andrew , Roy Sakshi , Tan Joecelyn Kirani , Adebusoye Favour Tope , Qiang Zekai , Ferreira Tomas , Ahluwalia Arjun , Shet Vallabh , Yee Amanda Leong Weng , Abdul‐Rahman Toufik , Papadakis Marios 
Published: March 2024

AbstractGastric cancer (GC) represents a major global health burden and is responsible for a significant number of cancer‐related fatalities. Its complex nature, characterized by heterogeneity and aggressive behaviour, poses considerable challenges for effective diagnosis and treatment. Single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) has emerged as an important technique, offering unprecedented precision and depth in gene expression profiling at the cellular level. By facilitating the identification of distinct cell populations, rare cells and dynamic transcriptional changes within GC, scRNA‐seq has yielded valuable insights into tumour progression and potential therapeutic targets. Moreover, this technology has significantly improved our comprehension of the tumour microenvironment (TME) and its intricate interplay with immune cells, thereby opening avenues for targeted therapeutic strategies. Nonetheless, certain obstacles, including tumour heterogeneity and technical limitations, persist in the field. Current endeavours are dedicated to refining protocols and computational tools to surmount these challenges. In this narrative review, we explore the significance of scRNA‐seq in GC, emphasizing its advantages, challenges and potential applications in unravelling tumour heterogeneity and identifying promising therapeutic targets. Additionally, we discuss recent developments, ongoing efforts to overcome these challenges, and future prospects. Although further enhancements are required, scRNA‐seq has already provided valuable insights into GC and holds promise for advancing biomedical research and clinical practice.
The relationship of ALPK1, hyaluronic acid and M1 macrophage polarization in the temporomandibular joint synovitis
Authors: Zhao Jie , Feng Yaping , Liu Xin , Li Huimin , Guo Huilin , Ke Jin , Long Xing 
Published: March 2024

AbstractM1 macrophage polarization and synovitis play an important role in the pathogenesis of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA). Reduced molecular weight of hyaluronic acid (HA) in synovial fluid of patients with TMJOA. In addition, high molecular weight hyaluronic acid (HMW‐HA) is often used clinically to treat TMJ inflammation. As a pattern recognition receptor of the cytoplasm, ALPK1 was found to be pro‐inflammatory in a variety of diseases. However, the relationship of ALPK1, HA and M1 macrophage polarization in TMJ synovitis remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the role of ALPK1 and HA in macrophage polarization and TMJ synovitis and the underlying mechanisms. The results demonstrated that ALPK1 was highly upregulated in the synovial macrophages in the inflamed TMJ synovium of patients. Low molecular weight hyaluronic acid (LMW‐HA) promoted the expression of ALPK1 and M1 macrophage‐associated genes. Besides, rhALPK1 promoted the expression of M1 macrophage‐associated factors and the nuclear translocation of PKM2. Furthermore, ALPK1 knockout mice exhibited limited infiltration of macrophages and decreased expression levels of M1 macrophage‐associated genes in CFA‐induced TMJ synovitis. While HMW‐HA inhibited the expression of ALPK1 and M1 macrophage polarization. Our results elucidated that ALPK1 promoted TMJ synovitis by promoting nuclear PKM2‐mediated M1 macrophage polarization, whereas HMW‐HA inhibited the expression of ALPK1 as well as M1 macrophage polarization.
RETRACTED: Differential genetic mutations and immune cell infiltration in high‐ and low‐risk STAD: Implications for prognosis and immunotherapy efficacy
Authors: Deng Yin‐yong , Sun Yan , Wu Si‐jia , Zhang Tian‐ying , Yang Jie , Liu Kai 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study investigates genetic mutations and immune cell dynamics in stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD), focusing on identifying prognostic markers and therapeutic targets. Analysis of TCGA‐STAD samples revealed C > A as the most common single nucleotide variant (SNV) in both high and low‐risk groups. Key mutated driver genes included TTN, TP53 and MUC16, with frame‐shift mutations more prevalent in the low‐risk group and missense mutations in the high‐risk group. Interaction analysis of hub genes such as C1QA and CD68 showed significant correlations, impacting immune cell infiltration patterns. Using ssGSEA, we found higher immune cell infiltration (B cells, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, DC cells, NK cells) in the high‐risk group, correlated with increased risk scores. xCell algorithm results indicated distinct immune infiltration levels between the groups. The study's risk scoring model proved effective in prognosis prediction and immunotherapy efficacy assessment. Key molecules like CD28, CD27 and SLAMF7 correlated significantly with risk scores, suggesting potential targets for high‐risk STAD patients. Drug sensitivity analysis showed a negative correlation between risk scores and sensitivity to certain treatments, indicating potential therapeutic options for high‐risk STAD patients. We also validated the carcinogenic role of RPL14 in gastric cancer through phenotypic experiments, demonstrating its influence on cancer cell proliferation, invasion and migration. Overall, this research provides crucial insights into the genetic and immune aspects of STAD, highlighting the importance of a risk scoring model for personalized treatment strategies and clinical decision‐making in gastric cancer management.
Avocado‐derived extracellular vesicles loaded with ginkgetin and berberine prevent inflammation and macrophage foam cell formation
Authors: Sharma Shweta , Mahanty Manisha , Rahaman Suneha G. , Mukherjee Pritha , Dutta Bidisha , Khan Mohammad Imran , Sankaran Karunakaran Reddy , He Xiaoming , Kesavalu Lakshmyya , Li Wei , Rahaman Shaik O. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAtherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease of aorta, remains the major cause of morbidity and mortality among cardiovascular disease patients. Macrophage foam cell formation and inflammation are critically involved in early stages of atherosclerosis, hence chemopreventive targeting of foam cell formation by nutraceuticals may be a promising approach to curbing the progression of atherosclerosis. However, many nutraceuticals including berberine and ginkgetin have low stability, tissue/cell penetration and bioavailability resulting in inadequate chemotherapeutic effects of these nutraceuticals. We have used avocado‐derived extracellular vesicles (EV) isolated from avocado (EVAvo) as a novel carrier of nutraceuticals, in a strategy to alleviate the build‐up of macrophage foam cells and expression of inflammatory genes. Our key findings are: (i) Avocado is a natural source of plant‐derived EVs as shown by the results from transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering and NanoBrook Omni analysis and atomic force microscopy; (ii) EVAvo are taken up by macrophages, a critical cell type in atherosclerosis; (iii) EVAvo can be loaded with high amounts of ginkgetin and berberine; (iv) ginkgetin plus berberine‐loaded EVAvo (EVAvo(B+G)) suppress activation of NFκB and NLRP3, and inhibit expression of pro‐inflammatory and atherogenic genes, specifically Cd36, Tnfα, Il1β and Il6; (v) EVAvo(B+G) attenuate oxidized low‐density lipoprotein (oxLDL)‐induced macrophage foam cell formation and (vi) EVAvo(B+G) inhibit oxLDL uptake but not its cell surface binding during foam cell formation. Overall, our results suggest that using EVAvo as a natural carrier of nutraceuticals may improve strategies to curb the progression of atherosclerosis by limiting inflammation and pro‐atherogenic responses.
Use of flours from traditional pan and salt‐bed‐roasted Kodo grains in the production of breakfast cereal: Spatial, morphological, techno‐functional, structural, and rheological analyses
Authors: Gaurav Abhishek , Kedia Janit , Faizan Rahi Md , Pradhan Rama Chandra , Mishra Sabyasachi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractKodo millet, possesses the goodness of iron and low glycemic index, notably, its starch has inadequate application owing to retrogradation and low amylose content. Dry‐roasting seems worthy as an inexpensive pretreatment process to preserve desirable textural characteristics of whole cereal grains with peculiarity of moisture levels below 20% for a very short time. The aim of this work was to analyze indepth studies to explain morphological, techno‐functional, structural, and rheological transformation of Kodo starch components generated during roasting of conditioned whole kernels at 15% and 20% initial moisture content (IM). The micrographs displayed a honeycomb‐like structure in all roasted flours. The X‐ray diffraction intensity decreased and showed partial rupture to A‐type orthorhombic crystals of Kodo starch after roasting, while lamellar growth across the multilayer matrix was also generated (23° and 37.35°). The fusion of the starch granules with endosperm's macromolecules observed plausible techno‐functional, and rheological properties, emphasized as non‐nutritional properties substantially improved sensory attributes of food as an additive. Roasted flour at higher IM thus made it easier to integrate into instant ready‐to‐eat breakfast cereals of improved amylose content (23.69%–29.31%) with lowered water activity (.4671–.5170) of varied skin strength (196.17–1894.41 g), elasticity (4.03–10.21 mm), and cell size (164.03–1059.10 μm) detected from puncture‐test force measurement. The infrared absorbance band illustrated loss of peak at 1047 cm−1 and endosperm's expansion (195.34%–309.30%) lowered kernel hardness (42.3–17.78 N) indicated structural loss upon roasting, may significantly reduce milling cost, and provide a commercially pretreated readied kernel or flour for industrial applications.Practical applicationsKodo millet, of the Poaceae family thrives well in abiotic stress and scanty rainfall exhibit meager application owing to low amylose content. Applying preprocessing traditional roasting techniques upon moistened kernel, get popped cereal. Milling of such cereal retards subcellular loss, indicating increased amylose, water, and oil absorption with avid aroma. This is critical in the preparation of cost‐effective dietary formulations for children and geriatrics, thus making it easier for integration into ready‐to‐eat wholesome breakfast cereals.