bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the influence of sarcopenia and myosteatosis on clinical outcomes in gastric cancer patients undergoing immune checkpoint inhibitor
Authors: Deng Gui-Ming , Song Hai-Bin , Du Zhong-Ze , Xue Ying-Wei , Song Hong-Jiang , Li Yuan-Zhou 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND
The development and progression of gastric cancer (GC) are closely linked to the nutritional status of patients. Although immunotherapy has been demonstrated to be clinically effective, the relationships of sarcopenia and myosteatosis with the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in patients with gastric cancer remain to be characterized.
AIM
To assess the effects of sarcopenia and myosteatosis on the clinical outcomes of patients with GC undergoing treatment with an ICI.
METHODS
We performed a retrospective study of patients who were undergoing immunotherapy for GC. For the evaluation of sarcopenia, the optimal cut-off value for the skeletal muscle index was established using receiver operating characteristic analysis of data obtained from pre-treatment computed tomography images at the L3 vertebral level. Myosteatosis was defined using the mean skeletal muscle density (SMD), with a threshold value of < 41 Hounsfield units (HU) for patients with a body mass index (BMI) < 25 kg/m² and < 33 HU for those with a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m². The log-rank test was used to compare progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), and a Cox proportional hazard model was used to identify prognostic factors. Nomograms were developed to predict the PFS and OS of patients on the basis of the results of multivariate analyses.
RESULTS
We studied 115 patients who were undergoing ICI therapy for GC, of whom 27.4% had sarcopenia and 29.8% had myosteatosis. Patients with sarcopenia or myosteatosis had significantly shorter PFS and OS than those without these conditions. Furthermore, both sarcopenia and myosteatosis were found to be independent predictors of PFS and OS in patients with GC administering an ICI. The prediction models created for PFS and OS were associated with C-indexes of 0.758 and 0.781, respectively.
CONCLUSION
The presence of sarcopenia or myosteatosis is a reliable predictor of the clinical outcomes of patients with GC who are undergoing treatment with an ICI.
Prevalence and clinical impact of sarcopenia in liver transplant recipients: A meta-analysis
Authors: Jiang Min-Jie , Wu Mu-Chen , Duan Zhong-Hui , Wu Jing , Xu Xiao-Tong , Li Juan , Meng Qing-Hua 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND
The prevalence of sarcopenia in patients undergoing liver transplantation (LT) remains to be determined partly because of different diagnostic criteria. Sarcopenia has recently been recognized as a new prognostic factor for predicting outcomes in LT candidates.
AIM
To estimate the prevalence of sarcopenia and evaluate its clinical effect on LT candidates.
METHODS
This systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library for original English-language articles that investigated the prevalence and influence of sarcopenia in patients undergoing LT from database inception to November 30, 2022. Cohort studies of the definition of sarcopenia that estimate sarcopenia prevalence and evaluate its effect on clinical outcomes and the risk of mortality were included.
RESULTS
Twenty-five studies involving 7760 patients undergoing LT were included. The pooled prevalence of sarcopenia in patients undergoing LT was 40.7% [95% confidence intervals (95%CI): 32.1–49.6]. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year cumulative probabilities of post-LT survival in patients with preoperative sarcopenia were all lower than those without sarcopenia (P < 0.05). Sarcopenia was associated with an increased risk of post-LT mortality in patients undergoing LT (adjusted hazard ratio: 1.58; 95%CI: 1.21–2.07). Patients with preoperative sarcopenia had a longer intensive care unit stay, a high risk ratio of sepsis, and serious post-LT complications than those without sarcopenia.
CONCLUSION
Sarcopenia is prevalent in a substantial proportion of patients undergoing LT and is strongly and independently associated with higher a risk of mortality risk.
Estrategias de Lectura de Isabel Solé para Mejorar los Procesos de Comprensión Lectora en los Estudiantes de Grados 6° de la Institución Educativa José Agustín Solano de Barrancas-La Guajira
Authors: Brito Daza Ceneris 
Published: February 2024

En el desarrollo del artículo de investigación, se analizó la incidencia de las estrategias lectoras de Isabel Solé para mejorar los procesos de comprensión lectora en los estudiantes de grados 6° de la institución educativa José Agustín Solano de Barrancas-La Guajira, a partir de una metodología de investigación de tipo cualitativo enfocado en una revisión documental de investigaciones relacionadas con la temática del artículo, y sus perspectivas teórico-practicas. Donde entre los resultados más importantes se relacionan con el estudio de los diferentes contextos socioculturales, que fomentan o inhiben directa o indirectamente la adquisición de competencias relacionadas con la comprensión lectora, en estudiantes de la básica primaria y secundaria principalmente, así mismo, encontramos las ventajas y beneficios de respaldar la aplicación del método de Isabel Solé como lo son la inclusión y la equidad educativa, la adaptación a la diversidad de textos, y el desarrollo de habilidades criticas en los entornos educativos socioculturales.
The Parliament of the Scheldts. Reflections on Politics and Play in Reimagining the Coastal Landscape of the Netherlands
Authors: Meijer Maarten , Vogel Willie ,   Studio Inscape
Published: February 2024

This text reflects on the recent Landscape Makers Congress co-organised by Studio Inscape as a design intervention seeking to re-politicise the South-Western Delta region (SWD) of the Netherlands. Like many coastal regions around the world, the Dutch coast (including the SWD) is facing serious challenges from climate change. In the SWD, these challenges are taken up and politicised through the memory of a flood disaster that devastated the region in 1953.
On the one hand, the legacy of this flood, which includes the coastal engineering structures of the Delta Works, makes the consequences of climate change salient to the region’s inhabitants. Frequently, inhabitants voice frustration with the impression that their concerns are not taken seriously enough and not translated into concrete political actions. On the other hand, the same legacy also silences debates and considerations on alternative ways of responding to the many challenges of the changing climate, restricting the scope of discussions to narrow anthropocentric narratives of the ‘threat’ of water and the ‘war’ between the Dutch and the sea.
Using interactive theatre, the Landscape Makers Congress invited more than 100 regional inhabitants, policymakers, water engineers and representatives of environmental NGOs to consider the future of the landscape in the SWD from a range of different perspectives. During the day, participants represented one out of several more-than-human ‘landscape makers’ in a fictional parliament and engaged in debates on several key dilemmas and different spatial strategies, situated in different periods in the future (2030, 2050 and 2100). As the day progressed, the ‘parliament’ bore witness to some of the consequences of climate change as well as the consequences of the decisions they made themselves. Through plenary discussions, workshops and interventions during the day, the audience was engaged in discussions on some different futures that might be possible in the SWD and on whose values and interests should or should not be part of the process of constructing these futures. Based on our experiences on the day and activities in the region more generally, some reflections are offered on the different concepts and strategies operationalised in the Landscape Makers Congress: its playful use of multifocality, its dramatisation of temporality and its staging of a particular experience of politics. Thus, this text offers some reflections on community engagement using design-based methodologies in the context of politicised (and the politicisation of) environments.

This article was published open access under a CC BY licence:
https://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0
.
Lyman Continuum Leakers in the AstroSat Ultraviolet Deep Field: Extreme-ultraviolet Emitters at the Cosmic Noon
Authors: Dhiwar Suraj , Saha Kanak , Maulick Soumil , Smith Brent M. , Mondal Chayan , Teplitz Harry I. , Rafelski Marc , Windhorst Rogier A. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We report the direct detection of Lyman continuum (LyC) emission from nine galaxies and one active galactic nucleus at z ∼ 1.1–1.6 in the GOODS-North field using deep observations from the Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (UVIT) on board AstroSat. The absolute escape fraction of the sources estimated from the far-ultraviolet and Hα-line luminosities using Monte Carlo analysis of two intergalactic medium models span a range ∼10%–55%. The rest-frame UV wavelength of the sources falls in the extreme-ultraviolet regime ∼550–700 Å, the shortest LyC wavelength range probed so far. This redshift range remains devoid of direct detections of LyC emission due to the instrumental limitations of previously available facilities. With UVIT having very low detector noise, each of these sources is detected with an individual signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) > 3, while for the stack of six sources, we achieve an S/N ∼ 7.4. The LyC emission is seen to be offset from the optical centroids and extended beyond the UVIT point-spread function of 1.″6 in most of the sources. This sample fills an important niche between GALEX and Cosmic Origins Spectrograph at low z and Hubble Space Telescope's Wide Field Camera 3 at high z and is crucial in understanding the evolution of LyC leakers.
The Secular Dynamical Evolution of Binary Asteroid System (65803) Didymos Post-DART
Authors: Cueva Rachel H. , McMahon Jay W. , Meyer Alex J. , Scheeres Daniel J. , Hirabayashi Masatoshi , Raducan Sabina D. , Jacobson Seth A. , Merrill Colby C. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The successful impact of NASA’s DART mission with Dimorphos, the secondary body of binary asteroid system (65803) Didymos, altered the attitude, shape, and orbit of Dimorphos. In addition to perturbing the immediate short-term dynamics of the system, these changes have major implications for the binary Yarkovsky–O’Keefe–Radzievskii–Paddack (BYORP) effect and resulting long-term secular evolution. In this study, we assess the range of possible reshaping-induced changes in BYORP. We produce high-fidelity numerical simulations of the orbit-attitude coupled tidal-BYORP dynamical evolution of the Didymos system to constrain how the secular evolution changed from its preimpact behavior. We find that the nature of the dynamics is highly dependent on a variety of initial conditions and assumptions, and it is difficult to fully predict how the system will secularly evolve following the impact. Rather, we provide a range of feasible possibilities within the bounds of observations and current best estimates of the Didymos system parameters. ESA’s Hera mission will help reduce uncertainties surrounding the postimpact state and shape of Dimorphos in 2027, allowing our predictions of the secular evolutionary effects and long-term fate of the Didymos system to be better refined.
Monitoring data on the effect of domestic livestock and rabbits on Androcymbium europaeum (Lange) K. Richt. and its xerophytiques pastures for thirteen years
Authors: Pérez-Luque Antonio Jesús , Ramos-Font María Eugenia , Tognetti Barbieri Mauro José , Montoya Román Clara , Tribaldos Anda Claudia , Cabezas-Arcas Francisco M. , González-Rebollar José , Robles Ana Belén 
Published: February 2024

Dataset of annual monitoring of herbivory effects on the conservation status of the endangered species Androcymbium europaeum (Lange) K. Richt and its associated plant communities is presented in this manuscript. This dataset encompasses the annual monitoring of herbivory effects on the conservation status of the endangered species Androcymbium europaeum. Since 2010, the SERPAM Department (Service of Evaluation, Restoration and Protection of Mediterranean Agrosystems) at the Zaidin Experimental Station, belonging to the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC-EEZ), has conducted annual sampling to assess the impact of both domestic and wild livestock, specifically rabbits, on the pastures where A. europaeum lives. The study consisted of a randomised block design, implementing three distinct treatments to evaluate different management strategies: (1) rabbit and domestic herbivory, (2) exclusion of domestic livestock and (3) exclusion of rabbits and domestic livestock. Within each treatment, two types of monitoring were conducted. Firstly, the abundance of A. europaeum was estimated by counting individuals within 50 cm x 50 cm quadrats. Secondly, plant species diversity was assessed along 2-m long transects using the modified Point-Quadrat method. The research was conducted within the Cabo de Gata-Níjar Natural Park in southern Spain, specifically in the Amoladeras Nature Reserve in Almería.
The dataset contains information spanning from 2010 to 2023, providing valuable insights into the annual monitoring of herbivory effects on the conservation status of A. europaeum, contributing to our understanding of the species' interaction with domestic and wild animal in the studied area.
Morphological Biomarkers Related to Visual Acuity in Patients With Radiation Retinopathy Treated With Intravitreal Ranibizumab
Authors: Corona Stephanie Trejo , Ali Omar I. , Yu Hannah J. , Schefler Amy C. ,   RRR Study Group
Published: February 2024

Background and Objective:
Our objective was to monitor variables via spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and identify the most relevant biomarkers related to best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in radiation retinopathy (RR).

Patients and Methods:
A post-hoc analysis of the two-year Ranibizumab for Radiation Retinopathy (RRR) trial analyzed vision and OCT parameters including intraretinal fluid, ellipsoid zone (EZ) disruption, retinal pigment epithelium atrophy, hard exudates, retinal hemorrhage, retinal neovascularization, and subfoveal fluid. BCVA and SD-OCT parameters were evaluated by univariate analysis and a mixed-effects model.

Results:

Forty eyes from the RRR trial were included. Intraretinal cyst vertical size (week 24:
P
= 0.032; week 48:
P
= 0.021), neovascularization (week 48:
P
= 0.028; week 72:
P
= 0.025), and EZ disruption (week 72:
P
= 0.029; week 104:
P
= 0.019) were the clinical parameters most relevant to BCVA by univariate analysis in at least two time points. The mixed-effects model confirmed the relevance of intraretinal cyst vertical size (
P
= 0.001) and neovascularization (
P
= 0.001) but not EZ disruption (
P
= 0.119) over the course of the study.

Conclusions:
This study characterizes the course of visual loss in RR by identifying intraretinal cyst vertical size, neovascularization, and EZ disruption as biomarkers of poor BCVA over a span of two years. Larger multicenter studies are needed to confirm these findings.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
2024;55:255–262.]
Therapeutic Effects of Tretinoin and Caffeine-Treated Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell on Immunological Features of Ulcerative Colitis: An Animal Model Study
Authors: Movaffaghbani Behnaz , Esmaeili Gouvarchinghaleh Hadi , Farzanehpour Mahdieh , Shayegh Jalal 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background:
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is one of the inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases. It causes irritation, inflammation, and ulcers in the digestive tract. UC is distinguished clinically by abdominal and rectal pain and intestinal secretion abnormalities. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy could be the underlying treatment for UC. This study aimed to compare the results of MSC therapy with tretinoin and caffeine in an animal model.

Materials and Methods:
Sixty male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into six equal groups. Five groups were exposed to acetic acid-induced colitis, and one healthy negative control group was designed. The positive control group was UC-induced mouse model with no treatment. Besides, treatment groups were MSCs (n = 2×106) that received tretinoin and caffeine. The treatment group was given mesalazine orally. The decision to begin treatment was taken after monitoring the symptoms of the UC.

Results:
MSCs, tretinoin, and caffeine-treated MSCs significantly decrease inflammatory cytokines (interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α) and inflammatory mediators (myeloperoxidase (MPO) and nitric oxide (NO)) compared with the positive control group. However, the alleviated effects of tretinoin-treated MSCs significantly were more than those of MSCs and caffeine-treated MSCs.

Conclusion:
MSC therapy is an effective option for UC and can prevent disease progression. The results represented a high developmental rate and simple cell application of MSC therapy in UC patients. Also, MSC therapy’s ability for immunomodulation is strengthened by drugs that improve their microenvironment by binding to their receptors.
A Rare Case of Klippel Trenaunay Syndrome with Von Willebrand Factor Deficiency and Multiple Accessory Spleens: A Case Report and Brief Literature Review
Authors: Falahati Vahid , Fallahi Mahsa , Shahriarpour Mona , Ghasemi Ali , Ghaffari Kazem 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Klippel Trenaunay Syndrome (KTS) is an uncommon inherited syndrome identified by venous varicosities and capillary abnormalities. von Willebrand Disease is the most common inherited hemorrhage disturbance in humans, leading to insufficiency in von Willebrand Factor, which is a complex multimeric protein with two functions: it forms a bridge between the platelets and injured vascular areas and it attaches factor VIII and stabilizes it. We present a 13-year-old son with a typical clinical manifestation of KTS, including “port-wine stains” as capillary malformation, venous malformation, and hypertrophy of the left lower extremity, who also suffers from von Willebrand Disease type 3. He has been suffering from these two rare conditions since birth. The occurrence of KTS with von Willebrand Factor deficiency in a patient has so far not been reported, which may propose a mutation in the putative common regulatory gene that caused this uncommon phenotype.
Developmental delay in preterm infants during the first twelve months after birth and its risk factors
Authors: Saboktakin Lida 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND:
Developmental delay in preterm infants in different geographical areas has different risk factors. The present research was a large study aiming to assess developmental delay in preterm infants during the first 12 months after birth and its risk factors in northwest Iran (with multiethnic texture).

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Eight hundred and seventy preterm infants (25 to 36 weeks; up to 12 months) were included in this descriptive–analytical study from the beginning of 2019 to the end of 2021 in northwest Iran by the convenient sampling method. Patients’ basic and medical information was recorded in the data collection form, and the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ) was used to assess children’s developmental status.

RESULTS:
The prevalence of developmental delay in this study was 26.4%. Regarding demographic characteristics such as age, height (at birth and one year of age), weight (at birth and one year of age), Apgar score (first and twentieth minutes), duration of ventilator connection, comorbidities and complications after birth, and breastfeeding during the first year of life, there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups of infants with and without developmental delay. Breastfeeding during the first 12 months after birth alone could have the power to predict developmental delay in preterm infants.

CONCLUSION:
Breastfeeding in the first year of life is considered one of the most important predictors of normal development in preterm infants. Therefore, encouraging the parents of these infants to breastfeed their infants at birth can be a positive step in improving the quality of life of these infants in the future.
What factors affect the quality of life of employed physically disabled people? A qualitative exploration of their experiences
Authors: Pouresmaeil Mahnaz , Dehdari Tahereh , Zeidi Isa Mohammadi 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND:
According to the literature, the majority of People With Physical Disabilities (PWPDs) have a low Quality of Life (QOL). The goal of this study was to look at the experiences of a group of employed PWPDs in Iran in terms of the factors influencing their QOL.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A conventional qualitative content study was carried out in Qazvin City, Iran, from February to August 2020. Twenty-eight semi-structured, in-depth interviews with 20 employed PWPDs (6 men and 14 women), 5 five family members, and 3 of the participants’ employers (n = 3) were conducted. Participants were asked about their experiences with factors that impacted the QOL of employed PWPDs.

RESULTS:
Continuous analysis of data began and continued up to data saturation. The participants’ experiences on influencing variables QOL were merged into four major categories: psychological state, socioeconomic problems, structural obstructions, and physical constraints.

CONCLUSION:
Conducting psychological therapy to reduce stress and using adaptive coping strategies, changing perceptions of the community about PWPDs via the media, and also improving environmental infrastructure may help to increase QOL in PWPDs.
Predictors of biomedical waste management practices among staff nurses of a tertiary care teaching hospital in India
Authors: Krishnamurthy Yuvappreya , Anandabaskar Nishanthi , Venugopal Vinayagamoorthy , Vimal Mourouguessine , Shanthi M 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND:
Inappropriate handling of biomedical waste (BMW) may pose serious threats to the health of patients and hospital personnel. Among all healthcare workers, staff nurses play a vital role in BMW management (BMWM). Thus, the present study aimed to determine the predictors of BMWM practices among staff nurses of a tertiary care teaching hospital in India.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted among 150 staff nurses, working at a tertiary care teaching hospital in South India, from July to August 2018. Data were collected using a pretested, semi-structured, and self-administered questionnaire after taking their written informed consent. Regression analysis was carried out to identify the predictors of satisfactory BMWM practice status.

RESULTS:
Of the total 150 staff nurses, most of them were young females with a work experience of ≤ 5 years. Concerning knowledge scores, most staff nurses (63.3%) belonged to the moderate category, whereas a few (24%) were in the high category. Also, most of them (62.7%) were in the high category of attitude scores. For practice scores, half of the participants were in moderate and high categories, each. Female gender, attended training status, and moderate and high knowledge scores were significantly associated with satisfactory BMWM scores in unadjusted analysis. After adjusting for other independent variables, all these three factors were found significantly associated with satisfactory BMWM practice scores.

CONCLUSION:
The present study shows that the female gender, attending training in BMWM, and having a moderate and high knowledge of BMWM were significant predictors of satisfactory BMWM practice among staff nurses. Thus, all hospitals must periodically train their staff nurses to strengthen their BMWM practices. Safe BMWM leads to environmental protection and safeguards the health of patients, hospital personnel, and the public.