bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of β‐cell autophagy in β‐cell physiology and the development of diabetes
Authors: Yasasilka Xaviera Riani , Lee Myung‐Shik 
Published: March 2024

AbstractElucidating the molecular mechanism of autophagy was a landmark in understanding not only the physiology of cells and tissues, but also the pathogenesis of diverse diseases, including diabetes and metabolic disorders. Autophagy of pancreatic β‐cells plays a pivotal role in the maintenance of the mass, structure and function of β‐cells, whose dysregulation can lead to abnormal metabolic profiles or diabetes. Modulators of autophagy are being developed to improve metabolic profile and β‐cell function through the removal of harmful materials and rejuvenation of organelles, such as mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum. Among the known antidiabetic drugs, glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists enhance the autophagic activity of β‐cells, which might contribute to the profound effects of glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists on systemic metabolism. In this review, the results from studies on the role of autophagy in β‐cells and their implication in the development of diabetes are discussed. In addition to non‐selective (macro)autophagy, the role and mechanisms of selective autophagy and other minor forms of autophagy that might occur in β‐cells are discussed. As β‐cell failure is the ultimate cause of diabetes and unresponsiveness to conventional therapy, modulation of β‐cell autophagy might represent a future antidiabetic treatment approach, particularly in patients who are not well managed with current antidiabetic therapy.
OsWRKY78 regulates panicle exsertion via gibberellin signaling pathway in rice
Authors: Mei Enyang , He Mingliang , Xu Min , Tang Jiaqi , Liu Jiali , Liu Yingxiang , Hong Zhipeng , Li Xiufeng , Wang Zhenyu , Guan Qingjie , Tian Xiaojie , Bu Qingyun 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACTPanicle exsertion is one of the crucial agronomic traits in rice (Oryza sativa). Shortening of panicle exsertion often leads to panicle enclosure and severely reduces seed production. Gibberellin (GA) plays important roles in regulating panicle exsertion. However, the underlying mechanism and the relative regulatory network remain elusive. Here, we characterized the oswrky78 mutant showing severe panicle enclosure, and found that the defect of oswrky78 is caused by decreased bioactive GA contents. Biochemical analysis demonstrates that OsWRKY78 can directly activate GA biosynthesis and indirectly suppress GA metabolism. Moreover, we found OsWRKY78 can interact with and be phosphorylated by mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) kinase OsMAPK6, and this phosphorylation can enhance OsWRKY78 stability and is necessary for its biological function. Taken together, these results not only reveal the critical function of OsWRKY78, but also reveal its mechanism via mediating crosstalk between MAPK and the GA signaling pathway in regulating panicle exsertion.
Mother–child dynamics: Examining reciprocal relations between parental knowledge, child disclosure, parental legitimacy beliefs, and adolescent alcohol use
Authors: Fallah‐Sohy Nilofar , Trucco Elisa M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractEarly adolescent alcohol use is associated with adverse developmental and health outcomes. Parental knowledge can prevent or delay substance use, while youth behaviors may concurrently influence parenting. More research is needed to examine the role of youth's perceptions of legitimacy of parental authority. This multi‐informant study examined prospective bidirectional effects between parental knowledge and child disclosure alongside youth‐reported alcohol use and perceived legitimacy of parental authority. Data were analyzed across three waves in a community sample of 304 mother–child dyads. A cross‐lagged panel model was estimated using repeated measures of adolescent alcohol use, perceived legitimacy of parental authority, parental knowledge, and child disclosure. Positive reciprocal associations were found in early adolescence between child disclosure and both parental knowledge and perceived legitimacy of parental authority. Legitimacy of parental authority negatively predicted alcohol use across adolescence. Child alcohol use also negatively predicted parental knowledge among mothers in later adolescence. Effects were not reciprocated nor sustained. Novel findings demonstrate that the parental legitimacy beliefs predict reduced alcohol use and have a reciprocal association with child disclosure. Clinical implications to mitigate youth alcohol use initiation, by enhancing parental self‐efficacy and positive parenting, are discussed.
“My mother did not have civil rights under the law”: Family derived race categories in negotiating positions on Critical Race Theory
Authors: Sambaraju Rahul 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHow do persons negotiate the relevance of historic racial injustice for contemporary concerns? In this paper, I show that persons could develop and use racial categorizations in association with family relations to make salient (or not) the relevance of past racial injustice for contemporary concerns. I examined how people construct and orient to racial group membership as implying historical oppression, and its relevance for contemporary interracial relations in the form of supporting or opposing Critical Race Theory (CRT) teaching in the United States public school system. I examined debates and discussions on CRT televised in the American news media using discursive psychological approaches. Findings show that race categories were developed and used in relation to one's ancestors: parents, aunts and uncles, and distant generations. This was done to raise the salience of past racial injustice, which otherwise would involve offering historic or other social structural arguments. The use of family derived race categories at once personalized and enhanced the credibility of the speaker, and countered possible implications for taking responsibility for past actions. These family‐derived race categories were then a resource speakers could use to negotiate their position on CRT. These findings are discussed in relation to the relevance of time for negotiating racism. Further arguments are developed in relation to how an ethnomethodological approach can illuminate critical arguments on race and racism.
The experiences of living with a suicidal family member, and the impact on daily life: A systematic review and meta‐aggregation
Authors: Hennipman‐Herweijer Christina , Amerongen‐Meeuse Joke van Nieuw , Schaap‐Jonker Hanneke , Boonstra Nynke 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntroductionBecause of the pivotal role that family members play in caring for their suicidal relative, insight into their experiences is necessary to develop good support for them.AimThis systematic review aimed to aggregate qualitative research examining the experiences of family members living with their suicidal relative, and their impact on daily life.MethodsSystematic searches, covering the period 2000–2022, were conducted in Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, Ovid Nursing database and CINAHL. The JBI‐QARI meta‐aggregation approach and the PRISMA guidelines were followed.ResultsEleven studies met the inclusion criteria. Six themes were identified: The hard job of managing the risk of suicide; contributing to the relative's survival; struggling with professional care; being in a lonely position; pressure on relationships; and disruption of well‐being.DiscussionThe constant worry of losing their relative and ever‐present vigilance dominates their lives in such a way that their well‐being may be decreased. Professionals often overlook family members, which leads to feelings of powerlessness and loneliness.Implications for PracticeCollaborating with families in treatment, allowing them to share information and supporting them in the care at home may lead to better outcomes for both the family and their suicidal relative.
Courts and authoritarian populism in Asia: Reflections from Indonesia and the Philippines
Authors: Dressel Björn , Bonoan Cristina Regina 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAuthoritarian populism has been making a comeback in Asia, as illustrated in Southeast Asia's most important presidential regimes: the Philippines and Indonesia. In the Philippines, President Duterte (2016–2022) has shown unprecedented illiberal transgressions. Meanwhile in Indonesia, Joko Widodo's increasingly assertive presidency (2014–) has renewed concerns about “democratic backsliding” in what to date has been one of the region's most vibrant democracies. In both instances, courts have been largely muted in responding to these developments, raising concerns about their ability to counter democratic backsliding. A distinct political agenda targeting the courts through partisan control over parliament to pursue illiberal goals; undue presidential influence over judicial appointments reinforced by informal loyalty dynamics; and traditionally weak public support for the courts versus high executive popularity are critical drivers behind this trend. Nevertheless, the inherent fragility of competitive‐clientelist regimes common to the region also offers courts the opportunity to recover and resist such efforts, especially in electoral democracies.
“Culture and practice eat documents for lunch:” Norms and procedures in the 2020 election cases
Authors: Dichio Michael A. , Logvinenko Igor 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe US Supreme Court has been rightfully criticized for its role in contributing to the anti‐democratic processes in the United States. However, the focus on the apex court overlooks the potential for the judiciary as a whole to support democratic institutions. In the aftermath of the 2020 US presidential election, a series of lawsuits contesting the results were filed in federal courts, overseen by judges appointed by presidents from both major parties. Despite the prevailing perception of courts as politically influenced, every one of these cases ruled against the former President Trump's claims. This research delves into the influence of judicial norms and legal profession culture, intertwined with specific procedural doctrines such as Article III standing and justiciability. The study contends that these procedural rules, deeply ingrained within the culture of the legal profession in the United States, served as a crucial mechanism upholding judicial independence. The analysis draws from the texts of the 2020 election‐related court decisions and interviews with 17 legal experts, primarily consisting of federal and state Supreme Court judges.
Autonomous flight strategy of an unmanned aerial vehicle with multimodal information for autonomous inspection of overhead transmission facilities
Authors: Jeon Munsu , Moon Joonhyeok , Jeong Siheon , Oh Ki‐Yong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study proposes an innovative method for achieving autonomous flight to inspect overhead transmission facilities. The proposed method not only integrates multimodal information from novel sensors but also addresses three essential aspects to overcome the existing limitations in autonomous flights of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). First, a novel deep neural network architecture titled the rotational bounding box with a multi‐level feature pyramid transformer is introduced for accurate object detection. Second, a safe autonomous method for the transmission tower approach is proposed by using multimodal information from an optical camera and 3D light detection and ranging. Third, a simple yet accurate control strategy is proposed for tracking transmission lines without necessitating gimbal control because it keeps the UAV's altitude in sync with that of the transmission lines. Systematic analyses conducted in both virtual and real‐world environments confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method. The proposed method not only enhances the performance of autonomous flight but also provides a safe operating platform for inspection personnel.
Insights from entire mitochondrial genome sequences into the phylogeny of ticks of the generaHaemaphysalisandArchaeocrotonwith the elevation of the subgenusAlloceraeaSchulze, 1919 back to the status of a genus
Authors: Kelava Samuel , Apanaskevich Dmitry A. , Shao Renfu , Gofton Alexander W. , Mans Ben J. , Teo Ernest J. M. , Norval Gerrut , Barker Dayana , Nakao Ryo , Barker Stephen C. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe used entire mitochondrial (mt) genome sequences (14.5–15 kbp) to resolve the phylogeny of the four main lineages of the Haematobothrion ticks:Alloceraea, Archaeocroton, BothriocrotonandHaemaphysalis. In our phylogenetic trees,Alloceraeawas the sister toArchaeocroton sphenodonti, a tick of an archetypal reptile, the tuatara, from New Zealand, to the exclusion of the rest of the species ofHaemaphysalis. The mt genomes of all four of the Alloceraeaspecies that have been sequenced so far had a substantial insert, 132–312 bp, between the tRNA‐Glu (E) gene and thenad1gene in their mt genomes. This insert was not found in any of the other eight subgenera ofHaemaphysalis. The mt genomes of 13 species ofHaemaphysalisfrom NCBI GenBank were added to the most recent data set onHaemaphysalisand its close relatives to help resolve the phylogeny ofHaemaphysalis, including five new subgenera ofHaemaphysalisnot previously considered by other authors:Allophysalis(structurally primitive),Aboimisalis(structurally primitive),Herpetobia(structurally intermediate),Ornithophysalis(structurally advanced) andSegalia(structurally advanced). We elevatedAlloceraeaSchulze, 1919 to the status of genus becauseAlloceraeaSchulze, 1919 is phylogenetically distinct from the other subgenera ofHaemaphysalis. Moreover, we propose that the subgenusAllophysalisis the sister to the rest of theHaemaphysalis(14 subgenera) and that the ‘structurally primitive’ subgenera Hoogstraal and Kim comprise early diverging lineages. Our matrices of the pairwise genetic difference (percent) of mt genomes and partial 16S rRNA sequences indicated that the mt genome sequence ofAl.kitaokai(gb# OM368280) may not beAl.kitaokaiHoogstraal, 1969 but rather another species ofAlloceraea. In a similar way, the mt genome sequence ofH.(Herpetobia)nepalensisHoogstraal, 1962 (gb# NC_064124) was only 2% genetically different to that ofH. (Allophysalis)tibetensisHoogstraal, 1965 (gb# OM368293): this indicates to us that they are the same species.Alloceraea cretaceamay be better placed in a genus other thanAlloceraeaSchulze, 1919. Reptiles may have been the host to the most recent common ancestor ofArchaeocrotonandAlloceraea.
Modelling height–diameter relationships in living Araucaria (Araucariaceae) trees to reconstruct ancient araucarian conifer height
Authors: Xie Aowei , Gee Carole T. , Griebeler Eva M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTo reconstruct a fossil forest in three dimensions, an accurate estimation of tree height is crucial. However, modelling the height–diameter relationship of ancient trees is difficult, because the trunks of fossil trees are usually fragmentary, making direct height measurements impossible. One practical approach for reconstructing ancient tree height is to use growth models based on the height–diameter relationships of the nearest living relatives of fossil taxa. Here we apply 19 models to describe height–diameter relationships of living Araucaria trees for establishing appropriate models for ancient Araucariaceae trees. Data come from four living populations of Araucaria: A. bidwillii and A. cunninghamii in Queensland, Australia, and A. cunninghamii and A. hunsteinii in New Guinea. According to an AIC‐based model selection, a power function with an exponent of 0.67 (termed here the modified Mosbrugger model) is found to be the most appropriate for each population and for the entire dataset (157 trees), but normalization constants differ across populations. To find the most appropriate models for the genus Araucaria, 100 random samples (each population generating 25 random samples) from the entire dataset are used. Based on 100 curve fitting results on each model and multiple performance criteria, three median models are generated from the medians of their parameter estimates. Of these, the median 2pPower model works best for Araucaria, but the modified Mosbrugger and Curtis models perform nearly as well. In a case study, we revise tree heights of Upper Jurassic araucariaceous logs in Utah, USA, by applying these three models.
PTI‐ETI synergistic signal mechanisms in plant immunity
Authors: Yu Xiao‐Qian , Niu Hao‐Qiang , Liu Chao , Wang Hou‐Ling , Yin Weilun , Xia Xinli 
Published: March 2024

SummaryPlants face a relentless onslaught from a diverse array of pathogens in their natural environment, to which they have evolved a myriad of strategies that unfold across various temporal scales. Cell surface pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) detect conserved elicitors from pathogens or endogenous molecules released during pathogen invasion, initiating the first line of defence in plants, known as pattern‐triggered immunity (PTI), which imparts a baseline level of disease resistance. Inside host cells, pathogen effectors are sensed by the nucleotide‐binding/leucine‐rich repeat (NLR) receptors, which then activate the second line of defence: effector‐triggered immunity (ETI), offering a more potent and enduring defence mechanism. Moreover, PTI and ETI collaborate synergistically to bolster disease resistance and collectively trigger a cascade of downstream defence responses. This article provides a comprehensive review of plant defence responses, offering an overview of the stepwise activation of plant immunity and the interactions between PTI‐ETI synergistic signal transduction.
Diffuse neurofibroma with hypertrichosis in a toddler
Authors: Bower Robert P. , Leiphart Paul , Samson Thomas , Helm Klaus F. , Zaenglein Andrea 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDiffuse neurofibroma is a rare type of neurofibroma uncommonly reported in infancy. It is a slow growing tumor originating in the peripheral nerve sheath. We present the case of a 17‐month‐old boy with diffuse neurofibroma of the scalp associated with hypertrichosis. His genetic and clinical workup for neurofibromatosis was negative.
Patient satisfaction with primary health care services and primary health care providers
Authors: Alburmawi Ruba Ahmad , Hamdan Khaldoun , Shaheen Abeer , Albqoor Maha Alkaid 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimTo evaluate patients' satisfaction levels with primary healthcare services and providers in Jordan and assess differences in patients' satisfaction in relation to sociodemographic factors and accessibility to primary healthcare.DesignA descriptive cross‐sectional design was used in this study.SamplingA convenient sampling technique was utilized.MeasuresA 34‐item survey instrument was adopted and distributed to patients in nine primary healthcare centers in Amman in the period between October and December 2022.ResultsA total of 225 patients completed the survey. The mean total score for patient satisfaction with primary healthcare services was 25.22 (SD = 4.13). There were significant differences in satisfaction with services in terms of educational level, visitation reason, mode of transportation, availability of parking, and suitably designed for patients with disabilities. Furthermore, the mean total score for patient satisfaction with primary healthcare providers was 22.85 (SD = 5.86). There were significant differences in relation to visitation reason, mode of transportation, and parking space availability.ConclusionIt is important to improve patient satisfaction in primary healthcare facilities, and the Ministry of Health should implement policies for improving the quality of services provided by primary healthcare.
A scoping review of Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca: Mapping the health concerns and proposed solutions
Authors: Wicaksana Anggi Lukman , Hertanti Nuzul Sri 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo map the current evidence about the health concerns and the potential solutions related to the Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca.DesignA scoping review was applied. Papers published in English between 2012 and 2023 were included but non‐human research and sources without any related data were excluded. Data charting and extraction were used to map the current evidence.ResultsThe total of 36 papers were included with the total number of pilgrims of 17,075,887. The majority of studies were published in the Asia Pacific region (36.11%) as original articles (88.89%). The health concerns were grouped into five main aspects. There were 7603 deaths recorded or about 44 incidences of deaths per 100,000 pilgrims during the pilgrimage. There were recorded 11,018; 6178; 3393; and 17,810 cases for communicable diseases; non‐communicable diseases; injuries and trauma; and health services (i.e., cardiac catheterization) and vaccination, respectively.ConclusionRelating to the five health concerns, this study identified the top seven issues in each category (i.e., hypertension, influenza vaccination), except for the death record. Moreover, there were three solutions (for general health, non‐ and communicable‐diseases) presented. Stakeholders could use this evidence to improve healthcare quality particularly related to the annual Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca.
Experiences and psychosocial challenges of volunteer nurses in Turkey devastating earthquake zones: Lessons to be learnt for prevention of health system problems in disasters: A qualitative study
Authors: Yanik Derya , Ediz Çiçek 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis research aimed to investigate the experiences and psychosocial challenges encountered by volunteer nurses who provided care in the zones affected by the devastating earthquake that struck Turkey in 2023.MethodsThis qualitative study involved semistructured, in‐depth interviews with 15 volunteer nurses who were actively working in earthquake‐affected regions. The study was conducted between June 2023 and July 2023. Participants were selected from diverse provinces (Hatay, Gaziantep, Adıyaman, Kahramanmaraş, and Malatya) affected by the earthquake, ensuring maximum variability. Individual online interviews were conducted using Google Meet, with data collection continuing until saturation was achieved. The study adhered to the COREQ checklist for reporting qualitative research.ResultsThree main themes and eight subthemes were developed: (1) Management and Coordination (failure to meet basic needs, bureaucracy, duty, and authority issues, problems with supplies and equipment); (2) Professional Experiences (working conditions, education, perspective on the profession); and Psychosocial Problems and (3) Coping Methods (psychological problems, methods of coping with problems).ConclusionsThe study showed that volunteer nurses encountered management and organizational obstacles, were profoundly impacted by the disaster's psychosocial aspects, and often struggled with inadequacies in handling psychological challenges. Despite these challenges, the nurses reported a sense of competence in delivering care services. The insights derived from this study hold valuable lessons for future disaster response strategies. For this reason, it is recommended to plan the necessary training and initiatives to professionally strengthen the field of disaster nursing.