bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Freestanding Serpentine Silicon Strips with Ultrahigh Stretchability over 300% for Wearable Electronics
Authors: Shi Yihao , Zhao Jianzhong , Zhang Bingchang , Qin Jiahao , Hu Xinyue , Cheng Yuan , Yu Jia , Jie Jiansheng , Zhang Xiaohong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWell‐functionalized electronic materials, such as silicon, in a stretchable format are desirable for high‐performance wearable electronics. However, obtaining Si materials that meet the required stretchability of over 100% for wearable applications remains a significant challenge. Herein, a rational design strategy is proposed to achieve freestanding serpentine Si strips (FS‐Si strips) with ultrahigh stretchability, fulfilling wearable requirements. The self‐supporting feature makes the strips get rid of excessive constraints from substrates and enables them to deform with the minimum strain energy. Micrometer‐scale thicknesses enhance robustness, and large diameter‐to‐width ratios effectively reduce strain concentration. Consequently, the FS‐Si strips with the optimum design could withstand 300% stretch, bending, and torsion without fracturing, even under rough manual operation. They also exhibit excellent stability and durability over 50,000 cycles of 100% stretching cycles. For wearable applications, the FS‐Si strips can maintain conformal contact with the skin and have a maximum stretchability of 120%. Moreover, they are electrically insensitive to large deformations, which ensure signal stability during their daily use. Combined with mature processing techniques and the excellent semiconductor properties of Si, FS‐Si strips are promising core stretchable electronic materials for wearable electronics.
Single Atom Catalysts Remodel Tumor Microenvironment for Augmented Sonodynamic Immunotherapy
Authors: Geng Bijiang , Hu Jinyan , He Xialing , Zhang Zhenlin , Cai Jinming , Pan Dengyu , Shen Longxiang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) is a huge hurdle in immunotherapy. Sono‐immunotherapy is a new treatment modality that can reverse immunosuppressive TME, but the sonodynamic effects are compromised by overexpressed glutathione (GSH) and hypoxia in the TME. Herein, this work reports a new sono‐immunotherapy strategy using Pdδ+ single atom catalysts to enhance positive sonodynamic responses to the immunosuppressive and sono‐suppressive TME. To demonstrate this technique, this work employs rich and reductive Ti vacancies in Ti3‐xC2Ty nanosheets to construct the atomically dispersed Pd‐C3 single atom catalysts (SAC) with Pd content up to 2.5 wt% (PdSA/Ti3‐xC2Ty). Compared with Pd nanoparticle loaded Ti3‐xC2Ty, PdSA/Ti3‐xC2Ty single‐atom enzyme showed augmented sonodynamic effects that are ascribed to SAC facilitated electron–hole separation, rapid depletion of overexpressed GSH by ultrasound (US) excited holes, and catalytic decomposition of endogenous H2O2 for relieving hypoxia. Importantly, the sono‐immunotherapy strategy can boost abscopal antitumor immune responses by driving maturation of dendritic cells and polarization of tumor‐associated macrophages into the antitumoral M1 phenotype. Bilateral tumor models demonstrate the complete eradication of localized tumors and enhance metastatic regression. Th strategy highlights the potential of single‐atom catalysts for robust sono‐immunotherapy by remodeling the tumor microenvironment.
Building‐Envelope‐Inspired, Thermomechanically Robust All‐Fiber Ceramic Meta‐Aerogel for Temperature‐Controlled Dominant Infrared Camouflage
Authors: Liu Hualei , Zhang Xinxin , Liao Yalong , Yu Jianyong , Liu Yi‐Tao , Ding Bin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe unsatisfactory properties of ceramic aerogels when subjected to thermal shock, such as strength degradation and structural collapse, render them unsuitable for use at large thermal gradients or prolonged exposure to extreme temperatures. Here, a building‐envelope‐inspired design for fabricating a thermomechanically robust all‐fiber ceramic meta‐aerogel with interlocked fibrous interfaces and an interwoven cellular structure in the orthogonal directions is presented, which is achieved through a two‐stage physical and chemical process. Inspired by the reinforced concrete building envelope, a solid foundation composed of fibrous frames is constructed and enhanced through supramolecular in situ self‐assembly to achieve high compressibility, retaining over 90% of maximum stress under a considerable compressive strain of 50% for 10 000 cycles, and showing temperature‐invariance when compressed at 60% strain within the range of −100 to 500 °C. As a result of its distinct response to oscillation tolerance coupled with elastic recovery, the all‐fiber ceramic meta‐aerogel exhibits exceptional suitability for thermal shock resistance and infrared camouflage performance in cold (−196 °C) and hot (1300 °C) fields. This study provides an opportunity for developing ceramic aerogels for effective thermal management under extreme conditions.
On‐Demand Crack Formation on DNA Film via Organic Solvent‐Induced Dehydration
Authors: Lee Soeun , Moon Hyeonbin , Kim Juri , Ryu Seunghwa , Park Soon Mo , Yoon Dong Ki 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCrack is found on the soil when severe drought comes, which inspires the idea to rationalize patterning applications using dried deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) film. DNA is one of the massively produced biomaterials in nature, showing the lyotropic liquid crystal (LC) phase in highly concentrated conditions. DNA nanostructures in the hydrated condition can be orientation controlled, which can be extended to make dryinginduced cracks. The controlled crack generation in oriented DNA films by inducing mechanical fracture through organic solvent‐induced dehydration (OSID) using tetrahydrofuran (THF) is explored. The corresponding simulations show a strong correlation between the long axis of DNA due to the shrinkage during the dehydration and in the direction of crack propagation. The cracks are controlled by simple brushing and a 3D printing method. This facile way of aligning cracks will be used in potential patterning applications.
Observation of Ultrahigh Photoconductivity in DNA‐MoS2 Nano‐Biocomposite
Authors: Kokkiligadda Samanth , Mondal Ashok , Um Soong Ho , Park Sung Ha , Biswas Chandan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA nano‐biocomposite film with ultrahigh photoconductivity remains elusive and critical for bio‐optoelectronic applications. A uniform, well‐connected, high‐concentration nanomaterial network in the biological matrix remains challenging to achieve high photoconductivity. Wafer‐scale continuous nano‐biocomposite film without surface deformations and cracks plays another major obstacle. Here ultrahigh photoconductivity is observed in deoxyribonucleic acid‐molybdenum disulfide (DNA‐MoS2) nano‐biocomposite film by incorporating a high‐concentration, well‐percolated, and uniform MoS2 network in the ss‐DNA matrix. This is achieved by utilizing DNA‐MoS2 hydrogel formation, which results in crack‐free, wafer‐scale DNA‐MoS2 nano‐biocomposite films. Ultra‐high photocurrent (5.5 mA at 1 V) with a record‐high on/off ratio (1.3 × 106) is observed, five orders of magnitude higher than conventional biomaterials (≈101) reported so far. The incorporation of the Wely semimetal (Bismuth) as an electrical contact exhibits ultrahigh photoresponsivity (2.6 × 105 A W−1). Such high photoconductivity in DNA‐MoS2 nano‐biocomposite could bridge the gap between biology, electronics, and optics for innovative biomedicine, bioengineering, and neuroscience applications.
Framework Nucleic Acids Combined with 3D Hybridization Chain Reaction Amplifiers for Monitoring Multiple Human Tear Cytokines
Authors: Lu Xing , Zhou Xujiao , Song Bin , Zhang Hong , Cheng Mingrui , Zhu Xingyu , Wu Yuqi , Shi Haoliang , Chu Binbin , He Yao , Wang Houyu , Hong Jiaxu 
Published: March 2024

AbstractExisting tear sensors are difficult to perform multiplexed assays due to the minute amounts of biomolecules in tears and the tiny volume of tears. Herein, the authors leverage DNA tetrahedral frameworks (DTFs) modified on the wireless portable electrodes to effectively capture 3D hybridization chain reaction (HCR) amplifiers for automatic and sensitive monitoring of multiple cytokines in human tears. The developed sensors allow the sensitive determination of various dry eye syndrome (DES)‐associated cytokines in human tears with the limit of detection down to 0.1 pg mL−1, consuming as little as 3 mL of tear fluid. Double‐blind testing of clinical DES samples using the developed sensor and commercial ELISA shows no significant difference between them. Compared with single‐biomarker diagnosis, the diagnostic accuracy of this sensor based on multiple biomarkers has improved by ≈16%. The developed system offers the potential for tear sensors to enable personalized and accurate diagnosis of various ocular diseases.
Hydrogen Bond‐Mediated Strong Plasticization for High‐Performance Alginate Plastics
Authors: Yan Hao , Wang Junsheng , Du Cong , Li Zheng , Yuan Hua , Xu Zhen , Tan Yeqiang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe increasingly severe plastic pollution has urged an inevitable trend to develop biodegradable plastic products that can take over synthetic plastics. As one of the most abundant natural polymers, polysaccharides are an ideal candidate to substitute synthetic plastics. The rigidity of polysaccharide chains principally allows for high strength and stiffness of their materials, however, challenges the facile orientation in material processing. Here, a general hydrogen bond‐mediated plasticization strategy to regulate isotropic sodium alginate (SA) chains to a highly ordered state is developed, and alginate plastics with high performances are fabricated. It is revealed that hydroxyl groups in glycerol modulate the viscoelasticity of SA solids by forming strong hydrogen bonds with SA chains, achieving a large stretchability at a high solid content. Highly orientated alginate films exhibit a superior tensile strength of 575 MPa and toughness of 60.7 MJ m−3, outperforming most regenerated biomass films. The high solid content and large stretchability mediated by strong hydrogen bonding ensure plastic molding of solid‐like SA with high fidelity. This hydrogen bond‐mediated plasticity provides a facile but effective method to justify the high performances of polysaccharide‐based plastics.
Tunnel‐Oriented VO2 (B) Cathode for High‐Rate Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Batteries
Authors: He Qian , Hu Tao , Wu Qiang , Wang Cheng , Han Xuran , Chen Zibo , Zhu Yuwei , Chen Jianyu , Zhang Yu , Shi Li , Wang Xuebin , Ma Yanwen , Zhao Jin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTunnel‐type vanadium oxides are promising cathodes for aqueous zinc ion batteries. However, unlike layer‐type cathodes with adjustable layer distances, enhancing ion‐transport kinetics in tunnels characterized by fixed sizes poses a considerable challenge. This study highlights that the macroscopic arrangement of the electrode crucially determines tunnel orientation, thereby influencing ion transport. By changing the material morphology, the tunnel orientation can be optimized to facilitate rapid ion diffusion. In a proof‐of‐concept demonstration, it is revealed that (00l) facets‐dominated VO2 (B) nanobelts with dispersive morphology (VO2‐D) tend to adopt a stacking pattern with directional ion transport along the c‐axis on the electrode and guarantee fast ion diffusion. Compared with the aggregated sample (VO2‐A) that tends to random arrangement on the electrode with isotropic and slow ion transfer behavior, the electrode featuring dispersive (00l) facets‐dominated VO2 (B) nanobelts displays directional and fast ion diffusion behavior, thus exhibits an ultrahigh‐rate performance (420.8 and 344.8 mAh g−1 at 0.1 and 10 A g−1, respectively) and long cycling stability (84.3% capacity retention under 5000 cycles at 10 A g−1). The results suggest that simultaneous manipulation of exposed crystal facet and morphology‐related electrode arrangement should be promising for boosting the ion‐transport kinetics in tunnel‐type vanadium oxide cathodes.
Bioorthogonal In Situ Polymerization of Dendritic Agents for Hijacking Lysosomes and Enhancing Antigen Presentation in Cancer Cells
Authors: Zhong Dan , Hou Xingyu , Pan Dayi , Li Zhiqian , Gong Qiyong , Luo Kui 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA low‐generation lysine dendrimer, SPr‐G2, responds to intracellular glutathione to initiate bioorthogonal in situ polymerization, resulting in the formation of large assemblies in mouse breast cancer cells. The intracellular large assemblies of SPr‐G2 can interact with lysosomes to induce lysosome expansion and enhance lysosomal membrane permeabilization, leading to major histocompatibility complex class I upregulation on tumor cell surfaces and ultimately tumor cell death. Moreover, the use of the SPr‐G2 dendrimer to conjugate the chemotherapeutic drug, camptothecin (CPT), can boost the therapeutic potency of CPT. Excellent antitumor effects in vitro and in vivo are obtained from the combinational treatment of the SPr‐G2 dendrimer and CPT. This combinational effect also enhances antitumor immunity through promoting activation of cytotoxic T cells in tumor tissues and maturation of dendritic cells. This study can shed new light on the development of peptide dendritic agents for cancer therapy.
Hydrogel Ink for 3D Printing with High and Widely Tunable Mechanical Properties via the Salting‐Out Effect
Authors: Ko Kun Woo , Lee Taehoon , Jeong Jae‐Hak , Lee Yeonteak , Kim Ikjin , Seo Jungmok , Park Yong‐Hwa , Kim Jin‐Oh , Park Steve 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDue to the difficulty of simultaneously ensuring printability and controlling their mechanical properties, 3D printed hydrogels thus far have low modulus, far less than that of many biological tissues and organs. Therefore, their feasibility toward various biomimetic applications is currently limited. Herein, Direct‐Ink‐Writing (DIW) based 3D printable hydrogel ink with broadly adjustable mechanical properties is introduced. The salting‐out effect is utilized to effectively lower the gelation temperature of hydrogel inks with a wide range of modulus (0.193–1.072 MPa), making them all 3D printable. As a proof of concept, multi‐layered synthetic blood vessels that mimic the mechanical properties of biological blood vessels are printed, and their practicability toward surgical training is demonstrated. The versatility and simplicity of this technique make it highly promising for use in various 3D‐printed hydrogel biomaterials applications.
Cancer‐on‐Chip and Integrative Tumor Microenvironment Sensor Technologies for Progressing Precision Radiotherapy
Authors: Dey Shuvashis , Kinoshita Masaki , Puttick Simon , Rose Stephen , Trau Matt , Roberts Matthew J. , Koo Kevin M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPrecision radiotherapy, such as targeted radioligand therapy, accentuates the precise delivery of radiation to tumor cells while limiting radiation damage to surrounding normal cells. Although recent clinical trial data has shown targeted radioligand therapy to have significant patient survival benefit, it is still unavoidable that the cancer cells will eventually adapt and develop radioresistance. Thus, the study of radiotherapy‐induced changes in the tumor microenvironment (TME) is crucial for developing strategies to best overcome radioresistance. To this end, organ‐on‐chip (OOC) systems with integrative sensors represent cutting‐edge pre‐clinical models for miniaturized 3D modelling and profiling of the TME. This Review features OOC systems which have demonstrated feasibility for radiation‐associated studies, as well as showcased the progress of different OOC systems for profiling core components of the TME. Furthermore, this Review discusses the knowledge gap in cancer‐on‐chip systems with integrative TME sensors for precision radiotherapy applications. It is anticipated that this Review can kickstart the propagation of new concepts and approaches to drive a new era of miniaturized sensors on OOC systems for precision radiotherapy.
Direct Fabrication of Electronic Circuits on Wooden Surfaces
Authors: Egger Florian , Schiller David , Stockinger Thomas , Pretschuh Claudia , Müller Uwe , Kaltenbrunner Martin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractEquipping otherwise passive surfaces with electronic functionality enables advanced interactive robotics, consumer products, sensor skins, and structural health monitoring. Concurrently, the rapidly growing number of electronic devices fuels the search for sustainable materials and processes that aid in reducing electronic waste. Wood is CO2‐neutral, omnipresent in the construction industry, in furniture, musical instruments, or packaging, yet so far, its potential for direct integration with electronics remains largely unexplored. Complications arise as traditional methods of equipping wood with electronics often compromise structural integrity and thus limit applications requiring load‐bearing capabilities. Here, seamless fabrication methods that allow the direct enhancement of wooden surfaces with electrically conducting structures, sensors, and microelectronic components based on screen printing of conducting inks or physical vapor deposition of thin metal films in conjunction with laser engraving are presented. Such electronic circuits imperceptibly operate on the surface of structural elements or as parts of decorative wooden furniture. These types of electronic wooden surfaces enable touch‐sensing applications, monitoring temperature, or the curing of varnishes without compromising functionality and mechanical stability. This multidisciplinary approach opens up new avenues for the development of smart wooden structures with embedded electronics, revolutionizing the way it is monitored, controlled, and interacted with wood‐based constructions.
Avocado Pruning Residues for the Formulation of Bio‐Based Polyethylene/Fiber‐Based Biocomposites for Sustainable Food Packaging
Authors: Morcillo‐Martín Ramón , Tarrés Quim , Aguado Roberto J. , Espinosa Eduardo , Delgado‐Aguilar Marc , Rodríguez Alejandro 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe extensive use of non‐biodegradable bioplastics and fossil‐based plastics in food packaging presents a significant environmental challenge. Consequently, there has been a growing interest in exploring agricultural biomass as a potential source for formulating biocomposites for packaging due to the substantial amount of lignocellulosic residue generated. This study explores the utilization of avocado pruning residue (APR) for isolating lignocellulose fibers and their application as replacement and reinforcement material for bio‐based polyethylene (BioPE) composites. The results obtained reveal that a concentration of 9% (w/w) of maleic anhydride‐grafted‐polyethylene (MAPE) shows the most effective fiber–polymer interaction, resulting in a significant improvement of 25.47% in the mechanical properties. Biocomposites with varying fiber concentrations, ranging from 10% to 40% (w/w), are prepared and assessed for their macro‐ and micromechanical properties. The results demonstrate a substantial 49% increase in tensile strength and a remarkable 325% enhancement in Young's modulus for biocomposites containing 40% (w/w) fiber content. Furthermore, micromechanical analysis provides insights into the intrinsic strength and modulus of avocado fibers, with values of ≈437 MPa and 33 GPa, respectively. This research contributes to the development of sustainable and eco‐friendly alternatives for food packaging, reducing the reliance on fossil‐based plastics, and promoting the utilization of agricultural waste.
Navigating Pubertal Goldilocks: The Optimal Pace for Hierarchical Brain Organization
Authors: Szakács Hanna , Mutlu Murat Can , Balestrieri Giulio , Gombos Ferenc , Braun Jochen , Kringelbach Morten L. , Deco Gustavo , Kovács Ilona 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAdolescence is a timed process with an onset, tempo, and duration. Nevertheless, the temporal dimension, especially the pace of maturation, remains an insufficiently studied aspect of developmental progression. The primary objective is to estimate the precise influence of pubertal maturational tempo on the configuration of associative brain regions. To this end, the connection between maturational stages and the level of hierarchical organization of large‐scale brain networks in 12‐13‐year‐old females is analyzed. Skeletal maturity is used as a proxy for pubertal progress. The degree of maturity is defined by the difference between bone age and chronological age. To assess the level of hierarchical organization in the brain, the temporal dynamic of closed eye resting state high‐density electroencephalography (EEG) in the alpha frequency range is analyzed. Different levels of hierarchical order are captured by the measured asymmetry in the directionality of information flow between different regions. The calculated EEG‐based entropy production of participant groups is then compared with accelerated, average, and decelerated maturity. Results indicate that an average maturational trajectory optimally aligns with cerebral hierarchical order, and both accelerated and decelerated timelines result in diminished cortical organization. This suggests that a “Goldilocks rule” of brain development is favoring a particular maturational tempo.
Synergistically Modulating Conductive Filaments in Ion‐Based Memristors for Enhanced Analog In‐Memory Computing
Authors: Wang Jinyong , Ren Yujing , Yang Ze , Lv Qiaoya , Zhang Yu , Zhang Mingyue , Zhao Tiancheng , Gu Deen , Liu Fucai , Tang Baoshan , Yang Weifeng , Lin Zhiqun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMemristors offer a promising solution to address the performance and energy challenges faced by conventional von Neumann computer systems. Yet, stochastic ion migration in conductive filament often leads to an undesired performance tradeoff between memory window, retention, and endurance. Herein, a robust memristor based on oxygen‐rich SnO2 nanoflowers switching medium, enabled by seed‐mediated wet chemistry, to overcome the ion migration issue for enhanced analog in‐memory computing is reported. Notably, the interplay between the oxygen vacancy (Vo) and Ag ions (Ag+) in the Ag/SnO2/p++‐Si memristor can efficiently modulate the formation and abruption of conductive filaments, thereby resulting in a high on/off ratio (>106), long memory retention (10‐year extrapolation), and low switching variability (SV = 6.85%). Multiple synaptic functions, such as paired‐pulse facilitation, long‐term potentiation/depression, and spike‐time dependent plasticity, are demonstrated. Finally, facilitated by the symmetric analog weight updating and multiple conductance states, a high image recognition accuracy of ≥ 91.39% is achieved, substantiating its feasibility for analog in‐memory computing. This study highlights the significance of synergistically modulating conductive filaments in optimizing performance trade‐offs, balancing memory window, retention, and endurance, which demonstrates techniques for regulating ion migration, rendering them a promising approach for enabling cutting‐edge neuromorphic applications.