bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Dielectric Polarization of 9-Anthranol
Authors: Nukada Kenkichi , Bansho Yoshié 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1) The condition of synthesis to obtain pure 9-anthranol was established.
2) Times required for the complete disappearance of fluorescence of solution were measured and assumed to be measures of reaction velocities of tautomerism from 9-anthranol to anthrone. In ethanol, ether, dioxane and benzene the reaction velocities were small.
3) Dielectric constants of 9-anthranol in benzene, dioxane, benzene-dioxane mixtures and toluene solutions were measured. Reproduci-bility was satisfactory. In the said solvents 9-anthranol was relatively stable and ω∼ε12 curves were straight lines except in toluene.
4) The stability of 9-anthranol in solvent was supposed to be increased, by an interaction between π-electrons of solvent and proton of solute O–Hgroup in the case of benzene, or by O… H–O combination in the case of dioxane.
Spectrochemical Study of Microscopic Crystals. IV. The Dichroism of the Tetrahalogeno-Complex Type
Authors: Yamada Shoichiro , Tsuchida Ryutaro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
(1) Dichroisms of K2PdI4, K2Pd(SCN)4 and K2Pt(SCN)4 have been quantitatively determined by the microscopic method, and it has been found that all of them belong to the group which exhibits the dichroism of the “tetrahalogeno-complex type.”
(2) For the tetrahalogeno-complexes, the following rules have been found : νCl&gt;νBr&gt;νI and kCl&lt;KBRkI for the corresponding absorption band, and the oscillator strength of the second band is larger for || -absorption than for ⊥-absorption.
(3) For tetrahalogeno- and tetrathio-cyanato-complexes of platinum (II) and palladium (II), common regularities have been induced on the dichroisms of the tetrahalogeno-complex type.
Walden Inversion of Amino Acids. VII. The Formation of N-p-Toluenesulfonylproline from Nδ-p-Toluenesulfonylornithine
Authors: Izumiya Nobuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
(i) Kapfhammer and Eck’s report touching the synthesis of N-p-toluenesulfonyl-l-proline was corrected.
(ii) N-p-Toluenesulfonylproline was resulted by the amination and methylamination of [l]-δ-p-toluenesulfonylamino-α- bromovaleric acid. In this case, racemization took place in consequence of amination at 100°, and partial Walden inversions were caused by amination at 0° and methylamination at 0° and 100°.
Spectrochemical Study of Microscopic Crystals. III. The Dichroisms of μ-Peroxo-Dicobalt Compounds
Authors: Yamada Shoichiro , Shimura Yoichi , Tsuchida Ryutaro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
(1) The dichroisms of decammine-μ-peroxodicobalt (III) nitrate dihydrate, [(NH3)5Co-O2-Co(NH3)5](NO3)4·2H2O, and of decammine-μ-peroxocobalt (III)-cobalt (IV) nitrate, [(NH3)5Co-O2-Co(NH3)5](NO3)5, and the absorption spectrum of the latter in aqueous solution have been quantitatively measured.
(2) The empirical rules on the dichroisms of those crystals have been obtained.
(3) The considerations on the absorption spectra of the above compounds have led to the conclusions that there exists a kind of mutual interaction between metallic ions through a bridging peroxy-radical and that the interaction between Co (III) and Co (IV) is considerably larger than that between two Co (III) atoms. The interaction of the above type is supposed to be applicable to the explanation of unusually deep colors in the crystals containing the same atoms in different oxidation states.
An Equation of State in Analytical Form
Authors: Ishikawa Tetsuya 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
(1) An equation of state in analytical form is proposed:
(Remark: Graphics omitted.)
Values of (2–ε) keep constant over a wide range of pressures of each isotherm. Taking the mean of (2–ε) values at each isotherm, we obtain an equation of state which is more reasonable and accurate than the usual isothermal equation of algebraic form.
(2) Tests made with 66 kinds of substances having low dielectric constants prove that values of (2–ε) at critical points are universal to give 1.923±0.008.
(3) The following three formulae at the critical point are derived from the new equation in which Vc is expressed in cc./mol.
(Remark: Graphics omitted.)
The first formula is concordant with ±2.6% average divergence for 66 kinds of low dielectric substances and the two following are also equally concordant with the experimental data.
The Condensation of Furfural with Methyl Ethyl Ketone by Aqueous Sodium Hydroxide
Authors: Midorikawa Hiroshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
From the condensation product of furfural with methyl ethyl ketone by aqueous sodium hydroxide were isolated 4-(2-furyl)-3-methyl-3-buten-2-one (I) and 1-(2-furyl)-1-penten-3-one (II).
The former ketone (I) was oxidised by sodium hypochlorite to yield α-methyl-2-furanacrylic acid, (III) but gave no γ, ζ-dioxo-ε-methylcaprylic acid by refluxion with alcoholic hydrochloric acid.
The latter ketone (II) gave γ, ζ-dioxopelargonic acid (IV) by refluxion with alcoholic hydrochloric acid, but was no acted upon by sodium hypochlorite.
The semicarbazone of 1-(2-furyl)-1-penten-3-one (II) existed in two forms of the needle crystals melting at 183∼184° and the tabular crystals melting at 166∼167°.
Spectrochemical Study of Microscopic Crystals. V. Relation between Dichroism and Direct Interaction between Metal Atoms in the Crystals of Bis (Dimethylglyoximo)-Copper (II), Nickel (II) and Platinum (II)
Authors: Yamada Shoichiro , Tsuchida Ryutaro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Dichroism of the crystals of bis (dimethyl-glyoximo)-copper (II), nickel (II) and platinum (II) has been quantitatively determined by the microscopic method in the region from 2400 to 7000 Å.
The crystal of the copper compound has been found to show dichroism of the normal type, indicating that no specific metal-metal interaction can be expected in this crystal.
The crystals of the nickel (II) and platinum (II) compounds exhibit anomalous dichroism. It has been concluded that in these crystals there should exist metal-metal interaction.
A hypothesis has been presented, in order to explain the tendency that the specific metal-metal interaction similar to that proposed above has been found mostly with Ni (II), Pd (II) and Pt (II) compounds.
Studies on the Organic Phosphorescence. I
Authors: Kato Shunji , Koizumi Masao 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Assuming Lewis′ scheme, mathematical formulation was given for the decay of organic phosphorescence, which would help us to judge whether the quenching action of the added substance affects on singlet or triplet state. The decay curves of Trypaflavine-filter paper phosphor in various con-centrations, were accurately measured by and, oscillograph, and from the results obtained, it was tentatively concluded that the triplet state is not affected much in the concentration quenching.
The Syntheses from Levulinic Acid. A Possible Use of Some 2-Methyl-5-oxopyrrolidine-2-carboxylic Esters as Plasticizers
Authors: Takenishi Tadao , Simamura Osamu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The synthesis of 2-amino-2-methylglutaric acid from levulinic acid by Strecker’s method is reported. This acid gives 2-methyl-5-oxopyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid on dehydration, and some of its esters were prepared and tested for plasticizer performance.
Some Observations on the Reactions of α,α′-Dimethylstilbene and Related Compounds
Authors: Simamura Osamu , Suzuki Hiroshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Cis- and trans-α,α′-Dimethylstilbene, heated with a little sulfuric acid at 210°, were isomerized to an equilibrium mixture consisting of 55% of the trans and 45% of the cis isomers. Heated with iodine at 210°, they yielded meso-2,3-diphenylbutane. The action of bromine produced 1,4-dibromo-2,3-diphenyl-2-butene; under certain experimental conditions the concurrent cis-trans isomerization was observed. This fact, together with the isolation of a small smount of α–bromoacetophenone as a by-product, supports the view that the reaction proceeds by a mechanism involving bromine atoms. The action of bromine on some α,α′-disubstituted stilbenes was examined. The reactions observed were discussed in terms of the steric effect exerted by the bulky groups at the ethylenic linkage.
The Dipole Moments and Molecular Structures of Some Substituted Tropones
Authors: Kurita Yukio , Kubo Masaji 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The dipole moments of Ortho-substituted tropones were measured in benzene solution at room temperature. The values obtained are as follows : 2-bromotropone, 4.94 D ; 2,7-dibromotropone, 5.27 D; 2-mercaptotropone, 4.36 D; 2-aminotropone, 3.78 D; 2-methylmercaptotropone, 4.64 D. These values together with those of tropolone and methoxytropone were compared with the calculated moments and the following conclusions were derived. The moments of the bromotropones are lower than those calculated by simple vector addition owing to ortho effect. In tropolone, mercaptotropone and aminotropone, the substituent groups take such configurations that these groups are conjugated with the cycloheptatriene ring in the highest degree and that an intramolecular hydrogen bond is formed between the carbonyl oxygen and the hydrogen atom of each of the substituent groups. In methoxytropone and methyl mercaptotropone, on the other hand, the conjugation is weak and each of the substituent groups lies in a plane nearly perpendicular to the ring.
Spectrochemical Study of Microscopic Crystals. VI. Light Absorption of Non-planar Quadri-co-ordinated Complexes
Authors: Yamada Shoichiro , Tsuchida Ryutaro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Absorption spectra of crystals of dicesium tetrachlorocuproate, tricesium cobaltous pentachloride and potassium tetrathiocyanatocobaltoate tetrahydrate have been quantitatively determined in the visible and ultraviolet region by the microscopic method with polarized light.
In accordance with the flattened-tetrahedral configuration of tetrachlorocuproate anion, the crystal of CS2CuCl4 exhibits anisotropy of light absorption.
It has been found that crystals of Cs3CoCl5 are almost isotropic, supporting the regular-tetrahedral configuration of the CoCl4−− ion in this crystal.
It has also been found that K2Co(NCS)4·4H2O in the crystalline state shows a marked dichroism. It is concluded from this observation that Co(NCS)4−− ions in this crystal are distorted-tetrahedral, just like the CuCl4−− ions in the crystal of CS2CuCl4.
It has been found that Cs3CoCl5 in the crystalline state and K2Co(NCS)4·4H2O in alcoholic solution show their second absorption band with a series of sharp peaks, which have been shown to be correlated with electronic-vibrational transitions. This fact is in harmony with the idea on the origins of the absorption bands of metallic co-ordination compounds proposed by one of the authors.
The Nature of the Hydrogen-Bond. I. The Delocalization Energy in the Hydrogen-Bond as Calculated by the Atomic-orbital Method
Authors: Tsubomura Hiroshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The delocalization energy for the hydrogen-bonded water molecules has been calculated non-empirically by use of the atomic orbital method, with a simplified model. The delocalization energy thus calculated amounts to about 8 kcal./mol. which is rather greater than the calculated electrostatic energy that has been usually considered to be the most important source of the binding force. The proton-accepting strengths of ether, acetone and acetonitrile have been discussed by use of this result.
Electron Diffraction Investigation on Tribromotropolone
Authors: Kubo Masaji , Kimura Masao , Kimura Katsumi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Tribromotropolone of melting point 126° was investigated in gaseous state by electron diffraction method. The two Br–Br distances equal to 5.40 Å and 6.77 Å respectively were found as distinct isolated peaks in the radial distribution curve. These distances together with the known configuration of tropolone ring already studied gave decisive evidence that in this molecule three bromine atoms are substituted for hydrogen atoms of tropolone at ortho, ortho′ and para positions. This conclusion is in good agreement with the prediction of molecular orbital treatment of tropolone and proves the adequacy of the assumption made in the structural determination by dipole moment data, i.e. that electrophilic atoms and groups substiute hydrogen atoms of tropolone at ortho, ortho′ and para positions but not those at meta and meta′ positions.
Two Uncommon Amino Acids obtained from Roseothricin
Authors: Nakanishi Koji , Ito Toshiko , Ohashi Mamoru , Morimoto Ichiro , Hirata Yoshimasa 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Roseothricin has been hydrolysed to give two uncommon amino acids, viz., β,ε-diaminocapric acid (I, β-lysine), and 2-amino-4(or 5)-(1-carboxy-1-hydroxy-2-amino)-ethyl-2-imidazoline (II, roseonine) as the sole ninhydrin positive products.
Structural Change in Some Solutions Having Structural Viscosity
Authors: Nakagaki Masayuki , Sakata Shigeo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The structural viscosity of V2O5 sol is measured by Ostwald’s overflow viscometer. A linear relation is found between the relative viscosity (η/ηω) and the reciprocal of flow amount (1/Q). Viscosity of Newtonian flow ηn and yield value P0 are calculated from it. ηn and P0 is nearly linearly varied with concentration. A decisive conclusion however, cannot be obtained owing to the slip of liquid on the capillary wall.
Hg-SS (Hg-sulfosalicylate) sol also showed a linear relation between η/ηω and 1/Q. By the irradiation of ultrasonic wave, ηn and P0 decreases. ηn again increases after about 10 min., but the recovery of P0 took more time. A clear conclusion cannot be obtained due to the slip.
Electron micrographs showed that Hg-SS has a net-work structure, which is broken by shaking or by the irradiation of ultrasonic wave. When it is kept standing, the net-work is again constructed. V2O5 sol showed analogous structural changes.
The Structure of Trimethylacetic Acid in Condensed Phases as Revealed from Dielectric Studies
Authors: Kondo Sei-ichi , Oda Tsutomu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The authors have investigated the electric properties of trimethylacetic acid in the liquid and solid states. From the markedly small values of dielectric constant and conductivity, combined with the results of the X-ray investigation, it is proposed that the crystal of the room temperature phase is composed of nonpolar dimer units having disordered orienation.
Alkylalkoxypolysiloxanes. II. Ethylisopropoxypolysiloxanes
Authors: Okawara Rokuro , Ishimaru Iwao 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
(1) Ethylisopropoxychlorosilanes have been prepared and characterized.
(2) By the thermal reaction of partially isopropanolysis product of ethyltrichlorosilane, linear ethylisopropoxypolysiloxanes containing from 1 to 3 silicon atoms and cyclotrisiloxane have been prepared and characterized.
(3) Ethyldiisopropoxychlorosilane and isopropoxypolysiloxanes were refluxed and the two compounds of the series of linear ethylisopropoxypolysiloxanes in which one terminal group is the ethyl one have been synthesized and characterized.
Studies on the Oxy acid Phosphors. III. Aluminate Phosphors. (Part I)
Authors: Kotera Yoshihide , Sekine Tadao 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Various aluminate phosphors were prepared and some of their emissions were measured. When activated by manganese, aluminate phosphors emit green, orange, or red light, while those activated by lead show blue or violet emission. Cerium acts as an activator only for calcium aluminate and emits violet light under ultraviolet excitation Strontium aluminate activated by manganese and lead shows a weak emission under short wavelength ultraviolet excitation. This may be caused by the double activation due to manganese and lead.
Dye-sensitized Photopolymerization of Vinyl Compounds. Polymerization of Styrene by Cyanine Dyes. II
Authors: Watanabe Ai , Koizumi Masao 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Choosing pinacyanol iodide as a sensitizer, the authors studied the effects of temperature, concentration of dye and the wave lengths of incident light upon the photo-polymerization of styrene in a mixture of styrene and butanol (15:1). It was found that the number of initiation processes as for polymerization produced by one decomposed dye molecule is decidedly less than 1 at 40°C, while it is about 2 at 60°C, and, from this result and other facts, it was concluded that the initiation of polymerization and the photobleaching are not necessarily an identical process though the two processes are related quite closely. As for the probable scheme of the polymerization in light, it was proposed that the addition of dye and illumination only increases the initiation process without any effects upon the remaining processes in the polymerization.
It was further found that, in favorable conditions, the fragment of decomposed dye molecule is attached to the polymer, which can also initiate the polymerization photochemically.
A more detailed account of the experiments will be reported in Journ. Instit. of Polytech., Osaka City Univ.
Heats of Combustion and Formation of Some Methoxy polysilanes and -polysiloxanes: Si-O Bond Energy
Authors: Tanaka Toshio , Watase Takeo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1. The heats of combustion of the following four compounds have been measured at 20°C and at constant volume: Tetramethoxysilane, hexamethoxydisiloxane, octamethoxytrisiloxane and hexamethoxydisilane.
2. From these combustion results the corresponding heats of combustion and formation at constant pressure and Si-O bond energy have been calculated, and it has been found that the Si-O bond energy in methoxy-polysilanes and -polysiloxanes was slightly lower than that in amorphous silica.
Alkylalkoxypolysiloxanes. III. Lower Members of Ethylmethoxypolysiloxanes with One to Six Silicon Atoms
Authors: Okawara Rokuro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
(1) Ethylmethoxypolysiloxanes have been prepared by the reaction of sodium bicarbonate with partially methanolyzed ethyltrichlorosilane.
(2) Distribution of the lower polymers was determined with regard to the composition of the partially methanolyzed product.
(3) Linear ethylmethoxypolysiloxanes containing from one to six silicon atoms have been prepared and characterized.
(4) Ethylmethoxycyclopolysiloxanes containing from three to six silicon atoms have been found, but they could not be accurately characterized.
Hyperconjugation. II. The Electronic Structures and Conjugation Energies of Alkylbenzenes
Authors: I’haya Yasumasa 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The theory of hyperconjugation has been rescrutinized for a series of alkylbenzenes using the empirical LCAO MO method including overlap integrals for neighboring atoms. A detailed comparison of the theoretically computed and empirically determined conjugation energies of benzene gives a value of −70. 0 kcal. for β, the reasonance integral for benzene C-C. Using this value hyperconjugation energies for toluene, ethylbenzene and tert-butylbenzene are 1.45, 1.24 and 0.79 kcals. respectively. The third-order conjugation energies are found to be considerably less than any previous evaluations. Comparison of the predicted and observed dipole moments, absorption frequencies and oscillator strengths show fairly satisfactory agreements between them.
Rheology of Surface Films. IV. Viscoelastic Properties of 6-Nylon Films at Air/Water Interface
Authors: Inokuchi Kiyoshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
(1) Using a surface-rheometer, the straintime curves at constant shear stress, the stress-relaxation curves at constant strain, and the stress-strain curves at constant rate of strain were determined with the spread films of 6-nylon at air/water interface, and the rheological data were measured in relation to their dependence upon stress, temperature, and molecular weight of the sample under varying compressions, and were arrayed in the light of the mechanical models.
(2) It was found that the rheological characteristics of the film were classified into two types according to the degree of compression, i.e., a simple elastic type at large areas which involves a Hookean elasticity alone, and a viscoelastic type at considerably small areas, which is characterized by an instantaneous elasticity, the delayed. elasticity, and stationary flow under constant stress.
(3) The stress-strain curves at constant rate of strain revealed that the film, which was simply brittle at large areas transformed to tough as the compression proceeded, the mechanical properties resembling to that in bulk.
(4) It was also observed that the film strength, which was readily set up after compression, was considerably improved by the rhythmic strains applied to it, indicating the two-dimensional rheopexy.
(5) Instantaneous elastic modulus versus-area curve showed a conspicuous plateau at the areas from about 33 to 24 Å2/residue, which suggests that at least two different phases are experienced during the process of compression.
(6) Temperature dependence of the instantaneous elasticity suggests that the elasticity is mainly due to the energy effect rather than entropy effect.
(7) Molecular weight variations of the film elasticity and of the gelation area were examined together with their pH dependence of the substratum, and discussions were made in molecular terms.
(8) The stationary flow under constant stress behaved as a plastic flow, which is characterized by a yield stress above which flow practically begins to occur. Apparent activation energy of flow was estimated as about 6 kcal./mol.
(9) Overall forms of the strain-time curves and of the stress-relaxation ones were found to be well fitted by the mechanical models of six parameters.
(10) From the temperature dependence of the relaxation times, it was suggested that at least two different modes of relaxation mechanism do exist within the films of high compression.
Electron Transfer Spectra in the Crystals of Hexamminecobalt(III) Salts
Authors: Kondo Yukio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
(1) The ultraviolet absorption spectra of the crystals of fourteen hexamminecobalt(III) salts were qualitatively measured using a reflecting microscope (magnification 100×), a quartz spectrograph and a recording microphotometer.
(2) All the crystals investigated showed, besides the weak absorption bands due to the complex ion, the strong absorption edges which were situated at longer wave lengths than those in aqueous solutions, and the positions of which were largely affected by anions. The most remarkable example was the iodide, the absorption edge of which extended to the visible region.
(3) It is concluded that, at least in the case of the halogenides, all the possible transitions within the complex ion and an anion are inadequate explanations and the electron transfer from an anion to the complex ion is most statisfactory for the origin of these strong absorption bands.
(4) The differences between the wave lengths of the absorption edges of hexamminecobalt(III) iodide, iodide selenate, iodide sulfate and the bromide sulfate were calculated by the energy cycle method and the results agreed fairly well with the experimental values, thus showing that these bands corresponded to the excition bands in ionic crystals.
Studies on Molecular Structure by the Measurement of the Dielectric Constants of Gases. III. The Dipole Moment and the Structure of Alkyl Nitrites
Authors: Chiba Takehiko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The dipole moment measurement was made at various temperatures on ethyl, i-propyl and t-butyl nitrites. Observed moments are 2.41D for ethyl, 2.57D for i-propyl, 2.70D for t-butyl nitrite at room temperature. The moment of the latter two compounds decrease slightly with temperature while ethyl compound remains constant. These esters are considered to consist of two isomers: the trans and the cis separated by a barrier of several kcal. due to a resonance effect. The energy difference ΔE between the two isomers is found to be zero in ethyl, &lt;140 cal. in i-propyl, and &lt;340 cal. in t-butyl nitrite; in the latter two the trans from being more stable.
This change in ΔE with replacing R is satisfactorily explained as due to the steric energy between R and the end oxygen atom.