bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
L’usage métaphorique du bouclier. Autour du scutum fidei dans l’imaginaire médiéval
Authors: Girbea Catalina 
Published: April 2024

Si les épîtres de saint Paul, et particulièrement l’Epître aux Ephésiens, ont consacré au Moyen Âge l’image de la foi comme un bouclier, l’idée est bien plus ancienne et elle plonge ses racines dans l’Ancien Testament, qui ménage au bouclier de Dieu une place de choix. Cet usage métaphorique d’un objet qui appartient normalement à l’équipement militaire s’installe au cœur de l’imaginaire médiéval, qu’il s’agisse de romans, de récits didactiques et allégoriques ou tout simplement de chroniques. Le bouclier de Dieu ou de la foi se retrouve également dans l’iconographie des manuscrits contenant des textes théologiques, décrivant des représentations allégoriques complexes qui mettent en scène des psychomachies.
L’écu et l’épée dans Artus de Bretagne
Authors: Ferlampin-Acher Christine 
Published: April 2024

Dans Artus de Bretagne , dont la première partie a été composée vers 1300, le héros porte un écu blanc ou échiqueté. L’article revient sur cette alternance ainsi que sur la paire constituée par l’écu et l’épée, deux éléments qui permettent de soutenir l’hypothèse d’une écriture en deux temps, la fin du roman étant une continuation allographe. Le motif du don des fées permet quant à lui d’éclairer la pratique intertextuelle à l’œuvre dans ce récit néo-arthurien. Malgré le caractère formulaire d’un certain nombre de mentions coordonnées, l’épée et l’écu ne constituent pas véritablement une paire : l’écu, dans la première partie du roman, vole la vedette à l’épée, pourtant distinguée par le nom de Clarence. Plus que l’épée, l’écu est associé à la lumière et à l’amour ; il trouve sa place dans les tableaux qui exaltent la cour et la chevalerie et en esthétisent les représentations, et contribue à construire Artus comme héros restaurateur de lumière ; de plus l’écu médiatise et met en image le corps à corps amoureux. Cependant le traitement de l’épée et de l’écu n’est pas uniforme tout au long du texte, la fin à partir du § 419 étant vraisemblablement une continuation allographe, qui a ajouté – maladroitement – l’échiqueté breton, et qui, plus épique que courtoise, rétablit la primauté de l’épée et rétrograde l’écu.
Les armoriaux arthuriens au xvi e siècle en France et Angleterre. Origine et développement des armoriaux arthuriens imprimés
Authors: Ilina Alexandra 
Published: April 2024

Cette étude porte sur les transformations subies par les armoriaux arthuriens à l’époque du livre imprimé et s’intéresse aux fonctions de ces paratextes au xvi e siècle. Les deux premiers armoriaux concernés sont ceux de François Regnault et de Benoît Rigaud, inspirés principalement par la liste publiée par le célèbre Antoine Vérard au début de son Guiron le Courtois de 1501. À la fin du xvi e siècle, la Devise est traduite et adaptée en anglais par Richard Robinson. L’ancien armorial français est intégré dans les spectacles arthuriens organisés dans le milieu urbain anglais, où les identités des chevaliers arthuriens deviennent des rôles assumés par les membres les plus riches de la bourgeoisie londonienne. À travers les trois exemples investigués, l’armorial arthurien se décline comme une source prestigieuse pour l’imaginaire néo-chevaleresque.
Architects’ houses in the Brussels-Capital Region (1830-1970)
Authors: Van de Voorde Stephanie , Raaffels Linsy , Van der Wee Barbara , Bertels Inge 
Published: April 2024

Les maisons d’architecte constituent une catégorie de logements à part, qui revêtent une signification particulière en tant que « carte de visite » de l’architecte, projet expérimental, aboutissement ou synthèse de l’ensemble de son œuvre, englobant des caractéristiques stylistiques, géographiques, techniques, sociales et autres. Toutefois, afin de saisir pleinement l’importance et la valeur ajoutée de ce genre architectural, il est essentiel de disposer d’un cadre théorique et typologique bien défini pour comprendre les maisons d’architecte. Sur la base des données recueillies à partir d’inventaires et de documents existants, de recherches dans les archives et de visites sur le terrain, un vaste registre dans lequel sont recensées 370 maisons d’architecte de la Région de Bruxelles-Capitale a été établi, qui constitue le point de départ de l’analyse. Ce registre se concentre sur la période de 1830 à 1970, au cours de laquelle la construction de maisons d’architecte et de logements en général s’est intensifiée. Il comprend des maisons d’architecte emblématiques et célèbres, ainsi que des exemples moins connus, dans des proportions à peu près égales : nombre de ces édifices n’étaient pas répertoriés auparavant et peuvent désormais être qualifiés à juste titre de maisons d’architecte. Témoignant de la diversité de ces maisons, le registre constitue la base indispensable pour apprécier de manière approfondie les différents cas, ainsi que la maison d’architecte en tant que type de bâtiment particulier.
Jump Landing Kinematics: Establishing Normative Ranges For Male And Female Athletes
Authors: Turner Jeffrey A. , Hartshorne Matthew , Cameron Kenneth L. , Padua Darin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Context
Lower extremity joint (LE) kinematics during landing tasks are important predictors of injury risk and performance outcomes in athletes.

Objective
To establish sex-related differences and normative ranges for LE kinematics during the jump-landing task in a large cohort of healthy military service academy cadets.

Design
Cross-Sectional Study.

Setting
US Air Force, Naval, and Military Academies.

Participants
5308 cadets (2062 females [38.8%]).

Main Outcome Measure(s)
Sex-related differences in LE kinematics were analyzed using independent samples t-tests. Mean differences (MD) and effect sizes (d) were reported for interpretability. Normative ranges for hip and knee joint angles were established separately for males and females at initial contact (IC) and 50% of the stance phase.

Results
Compared to males, moderate effect sizes (d ≥ .5) were observed for knee external rotation (negative value) where females displayed greater motion at IC and at 50% stance (MD: - 3.9˚ and -5.0˚, respectively, p &lt; .001). The following findings were of small effect size (.2 ≥ d &gt; .5). Females exhibited less knee and hip flexion at IC (MD: -1.8˚ and -0.5˚, respectively, p &lt; .001) and at 50% stance (MD: -4.1˚ and -4.6˚, respectfully, p &lt; .001). This was accompanied by females having greater knee valgus (negative value) and hip adduction at IC (MD: -2.2˚ and 1.06˚, respectively, p &lt; .001) and at 50% stance (MD: -3.2˚ and 1.8˚, respectfully, p &lt; .001).

Conclusion
This study establishes normative ranges for LE kinematics during the jump-landing task in a large cohort of healthy military service academy cadets entering their first year. Sex- related differences in LE kinematics were observed, highlighting the importance of considering sex as a factor in the evaluation of lower extremity movement quality and management of injury risk.
Health-seeking Behavior among Mothers of Under-five Children in Sokoto Metropolis, Sokoto, Nigeria
Authors: Adamu Asma’u , Ango Umar Mohammad 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background:
In most developing countries, the health of the children is strongly dependent on maternal health-care-seeking behavior. The ability of caregivers to recognize and seek appropriate care for childhood illnesses is instrumental in reducing childhood deaths and preventing significant number of complications. The study aimed to determine the health-care-seeking behavior and associated factors among the mothers of under-five (U5) children in Sokoto Metropolis.

Methodology:
This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study carried out among 386 mothers of U5 children in Sokoto metropolis from August 1 to September 30, 2021. The study participants were selected using the multistage sampling technique. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the information. Data were analyzed using the SPSS version 24. The level of significance for Chi-square was set at a P < 0.05.

Results:
Majority 312 (80.8%) of the respondents U5 children had fallen sick in the last 6 months, most of which 238 (61.7%) were not taken to a health facility. The major reasons why respondents do not take their U5 children to a health facility when sick are because they bought drugs from patent medicine vendor and perceiving the illness of the U5 as not serious to warrant taking the child to a health facility in 93 (24.1%) and 63 (16.3%), respectively. There was association (P ≤ 0.05) between health-care-seeking behavior and respondents’ level of education, occupation, monthly income, as well as distance taken to reach a health facility within 30 min’ walk.

Conclusions:
The health-seeking behavior of the mothers for their U5 was poor. Maternal level of education, occupation, income, and lesser number of children in the family were the factors that were significantly associated with seeking health facility care for a sick U5. This study recommends girl child education, women empowerment, and increase access to family planning by the government.
Affective Encounters with More-than-humans: Digital Platforms in a Time of Environmental Loss
Authors: Verploegen Helen , van den Born Riyan J.G. , Aarts Noelle 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Over the past twenty years, participatory digital platforms have emerged where observations of more-than-humans are shared. Such citizen science initiatives are considered important for science and policy. This research article draws on affect theory to bring to the fore the affective side of encounters between humans and more-than-humans that comes with this practice. Based on ethnographic fieldwork with Dutch observers, we analyse how observers experience the mediation of the digital observation platform Waarneming.nl, specifically in the context of environmental loss. Based on observations of and conversations with observers, we found that bodily and sensory attentiveness of observers is important in establishing encounters with more-than-humans whilst mediated by Waarneming.nl. We propose that sharing an observation on such platforms is an affective act in itself. Observers show deep care about the more-than-humans they encounter, expressing love as well as worry over their decline. The (not) sharing of these encounters is a way for them to care for more-than-humans. We end this analysis by calling for further reflection on the contrast between the data points on the platform and the affective experiences in the field.
Seminal Endoglin in infertile men with varicocele, a cohort study
Authors: Hanafy Samy , Mostafa Taymour , Abd-Elhameed Heba , Rashed Laila , Akl Essam M. 
Published: April 2024

Background
Varicocele is considered a common and correctable cause of male infertility. This is established by the improvement of sperm parameters after surgical correction. Endoglin (Eng) is presented in two forms, a membrane and soluble forms, and the equilibrium between these forms depends on the oxidative status. Eng is linked to several pathological conditions common in varicocele as hypoxia and apoptosis.

Aim
This study aimed to evaluate the seminal level of soluble Eng in infertile oligoasthenoteratozoospermic (OAT) men associated with varicocele.

Methods
Sixty men were enrolled in this study. They were divided into two groups: infertile OAT men with varicocele and healthy fertile men as a control group. These participants were subjected to complete history taking, clinical and genital examination, semen analysis, and assessment of soluble Eng pre- and 6 months after the surgical intervention.

Results
The results showed a significant elevation of seminal soluble Eng in infertile OAT men associated with varicocele than in fertile control. Six months postsurgical correction, there was a significant improvement in semen parameters accompanied by a significant decrease in the seminal level of soluble Eng.

Conclusions
It was concluded that seminal soluble Eng is elevated in infertile OAT men linked to varicocele concurrent with the negative effect on sperm parameters. The surgical correction of varicocele in these cases shows significant improvement in these criteria.
Yellow diode laser 577 nm versus neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet laser (Nd:Yag) in treating onychomycosis: A comparative study
Authors: Abdel-Aleem Hazem L. , Tawfik Khaled M. , Mofarreg Amaal A. , Badran Aya Y. 
Published: April 2024

Background
Laser treatment signifies a safe option for managing Onychomycosis precisely in the presence of contraindication for antifungal drug use. Yellow Diode laser 577 nm has proved efficacy for managing different dermatological conditions as; vascular lesions, skin innovation and hair elimination. Nonetheless, it not yet been evaluated for treating Onychomycosis.

Aim
We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Yellow Diode laser 577 nm in treating Onychomycosis and to compare the result with the use of long-pulsed Neodymium-doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (Nd:Yag) 1064 nm laser.

Patients and methods
Thirty patients diagnosed clinically and mycologically as having Onychomycosis were recruited. The right side of the treated hand was subjected to treatment by Yellow Diode laser 577 nm, while the left side of the treated hand was subjected to treatment by of long-pulsed Nd:Yag 1064 nm laser. All patients received 6 sessions (1 month apart). The results were evaluated clinically using the Onychomycosis Severity Index (OSI), photographically and mycologically.

Results
Complete recovery in the side treated by Yellow Diode laser 577 nm was observed in 7 (23.3%) patients, while the side treated by long-pulsed Nd:Yag 1064 nm laser showed complete recovery in 4 patients (13.3%), with significant difference between both sides (p value=0.015*).

Conclusion
Yellow Diode laser 577 nm is an effective safe and well-tolerated treatment option for managing Onychomycosis. It has proved better effectiveness than long-pulsed Nd;Yag 1064 nm laser in treating Onychomycosis.
Hydroxymethylbilane Synthase Gene Mutation: The Hidden Driver of Abdominal Pain and Neurological Symptoms in Acute Intermittent Porphyria
Authors: Zakariyah* Abeer , Alzahrani Rahaf , Alhazmi Iman , Abotaleb Alia , Alasmari Mohammed , Basendwah Abdulrahim , Alsubaie Rasha , Khan Muhammad Sohaib , Alnajjar Leena , Altouri Sultan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract:
Mutations in the hydroxymethylbilane synthase (HMBS) gene can lead to a deficiency of the HMBS enzyme, allowing porphyrins to accumulate to toxic levels in the liver and other organs, leading to acute intermittent porphyria (AIP). This case report describes the medical journey of a 20-year-old female, previously in good health, who experienced multiple hospitalizations and clinic visits due to severe abdominal pain episodes and remained undiagnosed for over 6 years. Despite the nonspecific nature of these symptoms, a suspicion of acute porphyria confirmed by genetic analysis revealed a splice pathogenic variant (c.826-2A>T) in the HMBS gene in a heterozygous state. As the disease progressed, the patient developed a series of complications, including hyponatremia, autonomic instability, and motor neuropathy, culminating in complete paralysis (quadriplegia) and respiratory failure. The case highlights the importance of early recognition and differential diagnoses in managing AIP, with genetic testing playing a crucial role in confirming the diagnosis.
Shifting spatial, temporal and demographic patterns of dengue incidence and associated meteorological factors in Jazan Region of Saudi Arabia from 2015–2020
Authors: Alqassim Ahmad Y , Badedi Mohammed , Muaddi Mohammed A. , Alharbi Abdullah A , Jareebi Mohammad A , Makeen Anwar M , El-Setouhy Maged , Albasheer Osama B , Sabai Abdullah , Sahly Ahmed 
Published: April 2024

Background & objectives:
Dengue poses a considerable public health threat in Saudi Arabia, with escalating outbreaks in Jazan, where seasonal rains create ideal mosquito breeding conditions. Elucidating local epidemiological dynamics is imperative to strengthen evidence-based prevention policies. This study analyzed the spatiotemporal, demographic, and meteorological patterns of dengue in Jazan from 2015-2020.

Methods:
This retrospective cross-sectional study utilized surveillance records for 3427 confirmed dengue cases. Descriptive analyses characterized geographic, seasonal, age, gender, and nationality distributions. Forecasting models project expected epidemics through 2025. Regression analysis identified climate factors associated with monthly case counts.

Results:
Dengue exhibited shifting seasonal peaks, transitioning into year-round transmission by 2019, indicating endemic establishment. Cases clustered in different high-burden sectors annually, requiring localized vector control. The majority of affected individuals were young male adults, with gender gaps narrowing over time. Saudi nationals had an escalating incidence, but non-citizens showed a higher risk, signaling importation threats. Seasonal outbreaks were associated with temperature, wind speed, and direction.

Interpretation & conclusion:
Enhanced surveillance, outbreak forecasting, targeted control activities, and integrated prevention policies grounded in continuous evidence assessment can effectively address endemic dengue transmission in Jazan. This study provides key insights to optimize data-driven decision-making for dengue control in Saudi Arabia.
Dengue dynamics: Prognostic and disease monitoring through molecular and serological profiling of clinical isolates
Authors: Tiwari Vikas , Afzal Mohd , Sharma Abhishek , Tiwari Jaishree 
Published: April 2024

Background & objectives:
Dengue fever is a mosquito-bome illness that affects millions of people worldwide every year. With no vaccination available, early detection and treatment are critical. It is found in 112 countries and poses a risk to travellers, particularly in metropolitan areas. Laboratory diagnoses vary according to objectives, resources, and schedule, with sensitivity and specificity must be balanced for effective testing.

Methods:
The current study is a cross-sectional diagnostic study and samples from suspected patients of dengue was collected from May to November 2023 and transported to laboratory. RT-PCR and Dengue Duo Rapid test diagnosis techniques were used and total 48 clinical samples were included in this study.

Results:
A total of 48 clinical samples were collected. Blood was collected from the suspected cases of dengue and further subjected to different molecular and serological parameters. Serum was separated from all blood samples. RNA was isolated by silica column extraction method which is further utilized as a template for amplification and detection of dengue serotyping. Master Mix was prepared for the amplification and detection of dengue virus by Rotor-Gene Q Real-Time PCR Machine and further serological profiling of positive dengue cases was studied by conventional PCR.

Interpretation & conclusion:
Our laboratory effectively standardized an RT-PCR-based approach for molecular identification of dengue virus in clinical specimens. This adaptive technique, which uses numerous primer sets, displayed good specificity and sensitivity in serotype detection. The technology provides for quick and reliable identification of dengue virus infections, allowing for targeted treatment and preventative actions for successful disease management in highly populated regions.
Predicting the outcome in methanol-induced optic neuropathy cases: A guessing game?
Authors: Nusanti Syntia , Ayuningtyas Sita Paramita , Dewiputri Salmarezka , Budihardja Brigitta Marcia , Eldinia Lourisa Ruth , Permaisuari Nizma , Sidik M. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Methanol-induced optic neuropathy remains a challenging problem for health-care systems worldwide. The outcomes for patients with methanol-induced optic neuropathy are often unpredictable, with many cases resulting in severe and irreversible visual impairment. This case series aims to illustrate the diverse range of outcomes associated with methanol-induced optic neuropathy. This report describes three cases of methanol-induced optic neuropathy with varying outcomes despite similar conditions at presentation. One case involved methanol exposure through inhalation, while the other two cases resulted from methanol ingestion. Initially, all three cases presented with poor visual acuity, and no clear systemic manifestations were observed. The patients received high-dose corticosteroid treatment and neuroprotectors. Remarkably, the patient with the youngest age demonstrated the most significant improvement during follow-up, whereas the oldest patient, who was a smoker and alcoholic, exhibited the least improvement. This case series highlights the substantial differences in outcomes among these cases despite the identical treatment approach for all. The treatment outcomes for methanol-induced optic neuropathy may vary, even when patients present with similar severity and receive identical therapy. Age and lifestyle are considered prognostic factors affecting the outcome of therapy. However, prompt diagnosis and treatment are needed to improve the prognosis.
Thirty versus 60-Watt thulium laser enucleation of prostate: Toward the development of low-power anatomical enucleation of the prostate
Authors: Omar Mohamed , Abdullah Mohamed Marzouk , Moustafa Ahmed , Sultan Sultan 
Published: April 2024

Introduction:
We aimed to study whether using 30 W versus 60 W thulium enucleation of the prostate (ThuLEP) would affect postoperative outcomes in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

Materials and Methods:
We prospectively identified male patients with moderate or severe lower urinary tract symptoms due to BPH. We randomized patients into 30 W (Group 1) or 60 W (Group 2) thulium yag laser with a 550 μm laser fiber and a 26 Fr continuous flow resectoscope. We collected data related to prostate size, enucleation time, morcellation time, laser time, perioperative complications, and 1-year functional outcomes.

Results:
A total of 120 patients were included, with a mean age of 67 years and a mean prostate size of 105 g. The preoperative characteristics were similar across both groups. The mean operative time was shorter in the 60 W group, 74 ± 27 vs. 91 ± 33 min in the 30 W group (P = 0.001), and the mean laser time was 55 ± 20 in 60 W versus 71 ± 25 in 30 W (P = 0.0001). The mean hospital stay was 1 day in both groups and at 1-year follow-up; there was a similar improvement in mean Qmax and International Prostate Symptom Score symptom scores.

Discussion/Conclusion:
Both 30 and 60 W ThuLEP provided a safe and comparable outcome with a relatively shorter operative time for the 60 W groups. Perhaps using a 30-W setting would be beneficial in the early learning curve or cases with more bleeding capsular perforators; besides, the financial benefit of manufacturing low-cost low-power devices that may help in the widespread of AEEP.