bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Programmable 3D metamaterials with tailored Poisson's ratios over large deformation
Authors: Zhai Xiaoya , Zheng Fuwen , Zhang Di , Ma Qingping , Liu Ligang , Fu Xiao-Ming 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The ability to finely tune Poisson’s ratios is pivotal in customizing the mechanical behavior of 3D metamaterials. The inverse design of these materials empowers designers to optimize their Poisson’s ratios according to specific requirements, thereby enhancing their adaptability and versatility across a broad spectrum of applications ranging from soft robots to wearable technologies. This study proposes an innovative and accessible inverse design framework to conceptualize 3D metamaterials through a set of geometric parameters for crafting to ensure programmability, tailored Poisson’s ratios, and resilience to large deformations. Several innovative classes of 3D metamaterials with unique tailorable Poisson’s ratios under substantial deformations are presented, marking a significant paradigm shift in material design. The Poisson’s ratios of a selected sequence of metamaterials are validated through comprehensive numerical simulations and quasi-static tensile tests. Overall, this study delivers effective guidelines to design 3D metamaterials with customizable and programmable Poisson’s ratios over large deformations.
Identification of the bridge moving loads based on fractional conjugate gradient method
Authors: Wu Hongchun , Wang Linjun , Luo Chengsheng 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

This paper proposes a bridge moving load identification method based on the Fractional Conjugate Gradient (FCG) method to address the low identification accuracy of traditional conjugate gradient methods. Firstly, the mathematical framework for detecting the moving load in the vehicle-bridge system is established by utilizing both the time-domain deconvolution technique and modal superposition approach. Secondly, the derivation of the discrete moving load identification system matrix equation not only transforms the problem, but also enables its formulation as an unconstrained optimization problem. Finally, the load information is obtained iteratively by the FCG method. Experimental results demonstrate that, compared with the Hestenes-Stiefel conjugate gradient (HSCG) method, the Flether-Reeves conjugate gradient (FRCG) method, and the Polak-Ribire-Polyak conjugate gradient(PRPCG) method, the FCG method has faster identification speed, smaller identification error, and higher identification accuracy and noise resistance in identifying bridge moving loads at different noise levels.
Toxigenic effects of sponges and benthic diatoms on marine invertebrates: possible biotechnological applications
Authors: Federico Serena , Siciliano Antonietta , Esposito Roberta , Spampinato Marisa , Ruocco Nadia , Nuzzo Genoveffa , Cutignano Adele , Giovine Marco , Pozzolini Marina , Bertolino Marco , Guida Marco , Costantini Maria , Zupo Valerio 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Secondary metabolites play important physiological roles being bioactive as defences against other organisms, or attractive signals used for various purposes, including reproduction. Their production and the emission in the environment may be viewed as an adaptive feature subjected to evolutionary selection. They were demonstrated to be useful for applications in various biotechnological fields, such as pharmaceutical, nutraceutical and cosmeceutical. Sponges and microalgae, including diatoms, are the most promising sources of bioactive compounds from the sea. We aimed at detecting the ecotoxicological effects of crude extracts and fractions obtained from three marine sponges, Geodia cydonium, Haliclona (Halichoclona) vansoesti and Agelas oroides and two benthic diatoms, Nanofrustulum shiloi and Cylindrotheca closterium on model marine organisms. We tested their effects on the Mediterranean purple sea urchin, Paracentrotus lividus, and on two diatoms, Phaeodactylum tricornutum and Cylindrotheca closterium, chosen because they are considered standard indicators for assessment of ecological impacts. Our results showed that extracts and fractions from both sponges and diatoms may be harmful for model invertebrates. However, eggs appeared “protected” from sponge allelochemicals when still unfertilized. The majority of sponge fractions exhibited noticeable impacts during the post-fertilization treatments. In contrast, fractions from diatoms notably increased the rate of malformations compared to the control, both in pre- and post-fertilization treatments.
Combining bulk and single-cell RNA-sequencing data to reveal Gene expression pattern of smooth muscle cell in pulmonary arterial hypertension Running title：Smooth Muscle Cell Gene Expression in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Li Yan , Liu Chunjie , Zhang Jihong , Han Bing , Wei Yan , Xue Lan , Li Ge 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Purpose
The study aims to reveal the gene expression patterns of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) by combining bulk RNA-sequencing and single-cell RNA-sequencing technologies. It seeks to understand the cellular heterogeneity and key gene changes in pathological states, contributing to the complex pathophysiology of PAH.
Methods
The researchers utilized both bulk RNA-seq and scRNA-seq to analyze lung tissue samples from PAH patients and healthy controls. They aimed to integrate these data to identify differentially expressed genes in SMCs and uncover the regulatory networks at play. Bioinformatics analysis was employed to construct a comprehensive gene expression atlas.
Results
We performed a detailed analysis of single-cell (GSE210248) and bulk RNA (GSE33463 and GSE113439) data, employing rigorous quality control and PCA to identify gene variability. It discovered 10 cell types through UMAP clustering and analyzed gene differences, particularly focusing on 23 lncRNAs in smooth muscle cells and their roles in key metabolic and immune pathways. Further, it linked thousands of differentially expressed genes with critical lncRNAs like MALAT1 and EPB41L4A-AS1, uncovering their significant roles in PAH and intricate regulatory networks involving various molecular interactions.
Conclusions
While the specific conclusions were not accessible in the initial sections, the study likely provides insights into the gene expression patterns of SMCs in PAH, offering potential new biomarkers and therapeutic targets. It aims to advance the understanding of PAH's pathogenesis and contribute to better treatment strategies.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of current evidence in uterine artery embolization vs myomectomy for symptomatic uterine fibroids
Authors: Peng Junwen , Wang Jian , Shu Qianjun , Luo Yiting , Wang Siwei , Liu zhenjie 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Purpose This review compares the efficacy of Uterine Artery Embolization (UAE) and Myomectomy (MYO) in managing symptomatic Uterine Fibroids (UFs) in women who do not want hysterectomy. Materials and Methods A meta-analysis was performed on all relative studies. Outcomes evaluated reintervention, UFs scores for quality of life (QOL) and symptom severity, and so on. To determine mean differences (MDs) or odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), a random or fixed-effects model was utilized. Results A meta-analysis of 13 studies (9 observational and 4 randomized controlled trials) was conducted. The results indicated that UAE had a higher reintervention rate (OR, 1.84; 95% CI, 1.62 to 2.10; P < 0.01; I² = 39%), hysterectomy rate (OR, 4.04; 95% CI, 3.45 to 4.72; P < 0.01; I² = 59%), and symptom-severity score (OR, -4.02; 95% CI, 0.82, 7.22; P = 0.01; I² = 0%) compared to MYO at a four-year follow-up. However, UAE was associated with a lower rate of early complications (OR, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.20 to 0.95; P = 0.04; I² = 25%), and readmission rate (OR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.33; P = 0.04; I² = 0%) compared to MYO. Furthermore, both procedures had comparable improvement in pregnancy rates and abnormal uterine bleeding. Conclusion In conclusion, UAE and MYO are effective in treating symptomatic UFs but they have different outcomes. The decision on which procedure to choose should be made based on individual preferences and the physician's expertise.
Nephrectomy and high-salt diet inducing pulmonary hypertension and kidney damage by increasing Ang II concentration in rats
Authors: Jiang Qian , Yang Qifeng , Zhang Chenting , Hou Chi , Hong Wei , Du Min , Shan Xiaoqian , Li Xuanyi , Zhou Dansha , Wen Dongmei , Xiong Yuanhui , Yang Kai , Lin Ziying , Song Jingjing , Mo Zhanjie , Feng Huazhuo , Xing Yue , Fu Xin , Liu Chunli , Peng Fang , Li Bing , Lu Wenju , Yuan Jason X.-J. , Wang Jian , Chen Yuqin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background：Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a common complication in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), affecting prognosis. However, the pathogenesis is not clear, and the lack of a stable animal model is a significant factor.
Methods：In this study, a rat model of chronic kidney disease with pulmonary hypertension (CKD-PH) was developed through 5/6 nephrectomy combined with a high-salt diet. The model's hemodynamics and pathological changes in multiple organs were dynamically assessed. Lung tissues and serum were collected from the model rats to measure the expression of ACE2, the expression levels of vascular active components related to the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), and changes in the serum metabolic profile of the model.
Results：After 14 weeks post-surgery, the CKD-PH rat model exhibited significant changes in hemodynamic parameters indicative of pulmonary arterial hypertension, along with alterations such as right ventricular hypertrophy. However, no evidence of pulmonary vascular remodeling was observed. An imbalance in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system was identified in the CKD-PH rat models. Downregulation of ACE2 expression was observed in pulmonary tissues. The serum metabolic profile of the CKD-PH rat models showed distinct differences compared to the sham surgery group.
Conclusions：The development of pulmonary arterial hypertension in CKD-PH rats may be primarily attributed to the disruption of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), coupled with a decrease in ACE2 expression in pulmonary vascular endothelial tissues and metabolic disturbances.
Early Warning Signals of Complex Critical Transitions in Deterministic Dynamics
Authors: Evers Kyra , Borsboom Denny , Fried Eiko , Hasselman Fred , Waldorp Lourens 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Early Warning Signals (EWS) have generated much excitement for their potential to anticipate transitions in various systems, ranging from climate change in ecology to disease staging in medicine. EWS hold particular promise for bifurcations, a transition mechanism in which a smooth, gradual change in a control parameter of the system results in a rapid change in system dynamics. The predominant reason to expect EWS is because many bifurcations are preceded by Critical Slowing Down (CSD): if assuming the system is subject to continuous, small, Gaussian noise, the system is slower to recover from perturbations closer to the transition. However, this focus on stochasticity has overshadowed warning signs which may already be found in deterministic dynamics. This is especially true for higher-dimensional systems, where more complex attractors with intrinsic dynamics such as oscillations not only become possible - they are increasingly more likely. The present study focuses on univariate and multivariate EWS in deterministic dynamics to anticipate complex critical transitions, including the period-doubling cascade to chaos, chaos-chaos transitions, and the extinction of a chaotic attractor. In a four-dimensional continuous-time Lotka-Volterra model, EWS perform well for most bifurcations, even with lower data quality. The present study highlights three reasons why EWS may still work in the absence of CSD: changing attractor morphology (size, shape, and location in phase space), shifting power spectra (amplitude and frequency), and chaotic transitional characteristics (density across attractor). More complex attractors call for different warning detection methods to utilise warning signs already contained within purely deterministic dynamics.
Teaching transcultural skills to medical students in France. A qualitative study of a focus group
Authors: RADJACK Rahmeth , OGRIZEK Anaïs , SIMON Amalini , BERANGER Agathe , MOUHAB Adil , CAMARA Hawa , PIOT Marie Aude , LAMBERT Mathilde , MORO Marie Rose 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background: Academic instruction about the impact of culture on health care (through cultural representations of diseases, the body, and various treatments) is sparse in France, although this topic is widely taught in other countries with substantial immigration, especially Canada and United States. Medical students' reception of this instruction must be assessed in the French context, where the consideration of cultural diversity is controversial, even taboo.
Objectives: We seek to describe the effect of a course on transcultural issues in medicine among second- and third-year medical students, especially on their behavior, on the patient-student relationship, and on their perceptions of migrant patients; we also aim to identify the aspects of the course that have the greatest effect on these young students.
Methods: Two focus groups (at the first and last course sessions) were conducted with 38 medical students who had participated in the optional course "Transcultural approach to the physician-patient relationship" at the Université Paris Cité medical school in 2023.
Results: Our qualitative analysis of the focus group transcripts showed four themes: the place of the mother tongue at the hospital; equity and humanity in caring for the vulnerable; the balance between professional neutrality and the use of cultural identity as a resource to improve the care relationship; and the effects of the course on the students' position toward the health-care team and the patient.
Discussion: The two focus groups showed the course had a transformative effect on the students in their awareness of cultural prejudices, but also in enabling them to dare to consider cultural dimensions and to recognize the importance of interpreters.
Conclusion: A discussion group is an appropriate format for a course on transcultural approaches for this public of young learners and makes it possible to focus on its global themes and foundations.
Gender difference and sociodemographic variation in heart failure related burden and its underlying causes
Authors: Huang Xin , Yu Danqing , Ni Yulu , Chen Kai , Xu Haiyan , He Yinhui 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Heart failure (HF) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Several observational studies showed sex-related and region-based differences in epidemiology, underlying causes, and therapeutic outcomes of HF, highlighting the need for a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms and potential strategies to address these disparities to decrease the burden of HF.
Methods and Results
Global and regional estimates of HF prevalence and YLDs by age, year, gender, and world region were based on data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019(GBD 2019). Globally, the prevalence number of HF increased significantly from 27.2 million to 56.2 million, increased by 106.6% from 1990. A similar trend could be found in HF-related YLDs number. An intersection could be found in the curves of different genders around age 75, after which women showed a heavier HF-related burden compared to men. The leading three causes of YLDs due to HF in 2019 were ischemic heart disease (IHD, 37.2%), hypertension heart disease (HHD, 33.1%) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD, 9.1%). Estimated by age-standardized prevalence rate, although alcoholic cardiomyopathy accounted for < 0.5% in South Asia (ranked 11), and Southern Sub-Saharan Africa (ranked 15), but in Eastern Europe was 8.9% (ranked 3). Although chagas disease was a major cause of HF in Latin America (ranked 4), while in other GBD regions, the impact was almost zero. An increasingly upward trend could be found in all SDI groups by year, especially in high-middle and middle countries. After age-standardized, HF-related burden in high SDI region has decreased by 17.1% since 1990, while in other SDI groups showed a slight increase or stable trend. The age-standardized YLDs rate were negatively correlated with SDI in pulmonary disease induced HF but positively correlated with SDI in cardiovascular disease induced HF.
Conclusion and Interpretation:
Our study have shown that men have a higher prevalence and worse prognosis of HF compared to women, and women tend to develop HF at an older age. The underlying causes of HF varied significantly in different age groups, geographical and socioeconomic regions. Targeted considerations and specific strategies are needed to address these disparities to enhance heart health and decrease the burden of HF. Future research should focus on underlying mechanisms and potential strategies in sex-related differences to guide gender-based treatment of HF.
Dynamic Characterization and Incremental Dynamics Calibration of the Heavy-Duty Industrial Robot: A Focus on Hydraulic Equilibrium Dynamics
Authors: Cheng Liang , Xu Xiaokang , Liang Wei , Li Jiangxiong , Ke Yinglin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In recent decades, industrial robots have emerged as pivotal contributors to the global manufacturing landscape, revolutionizing various sectors through increased automation and efficiency. Simultaneously, the application of heavy-duty robots in heavy industries is gradually increasing. In this study, a self-developed heavy-duty robot is utilized for automated fiber placement (AFP), with the layup equipment integrated at the robot's end effector, weighing over one ton. To ensure the precision and efficiency of AFP, particular attention is given to the dynamic performance of the robot. The heavy-duty robot is equipped with a hydraulic equilibrium system to alleviate the gravitational load on the joint motors of both the robot body and the end effector. The hydraulic equilibrium system consists of a bladder accumulator and a hydraulic cylinder, introducing complexity to the robot dynamics. Therefore, establishing a dynamic model of the robot system and obtaining accurate dynamic parameters serve as the foundation for precise control of the robot, enabling the full utilization of its dynamic capabilities. In this paper, dynamics modeling of the hydraulic equilibrium system is performed based on the Maxwell model, and its dynamic parameters are identified using the CARAM model. Subsequently, the multi-body dynamic model of the robot is established, and an incremental identification algorithm for dynamic parameters is devised based on the characteristics of the robot structure. Additionally, to accurately identify dynamic parameters, an analysis of the robot drive mechanism is conducted to obtain the equivalent reduction ratio of the joints and the lever arm of the hydraulic equilibrium system. Furthermore, an equivalent friction model for the robot joints and screws is established.
Effect of PM2.5 on Mortality, Tumor Recurrence, and Postoperative Complications in Resectable Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Kosanpipat Bongkotmas , Wongwut Thanida , Norrasan Natthawat , Watthanawongsa Parada , Phinyo Phichayut , Saeteng Somcharoen , Siwachat Sophon , Chewaskulyong Busayamas , Tantraworasin Apichat 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

This study aimed to explore the impact of PM 2.5 exposure on survival, post-operative outcomes, and tumor recurrence in resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. The study cohort comprised 587 patients at Chiang Mai University Hospital between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2017. Patients were categorized based on their residents' average PM 2.5 concentration into two groups: exposed (PM 2.5 ≥ 25 µg/m3 annual mean) and unexposed (PM 2.5 < 25 µg/m3 annual mean). The exposed group had 278 patients, while the unexposed group had 309 patients. Baseline differences in gender and surgical approach were observed between the groups. Multivariable regression analysis revealed that patients in the exposed group had a higher risk of death (HR 1.44, 95% CI, 1.08-1.89, p=0.012). However, no significant associations were found between PM 2.5 and post-operative pulmonary complications (RR 1.12, 95% CI, 0.60-2.11, p=0.718), in-hospital mortality (RR 1.98, 95% CI, 0.40-9.77, p=0.401), and tumor recurrence (HR 1.12, 95% CI, 0.82-1.51, p=0.483). In conclusion, a PM 2.5 concentration ≥ 25 µg/m3 annual mean was associated with decreased overall survival and a potential increase in in-hospital mortality among resectable NSCLC patients. Larger studies with extended follow-up periods are required to validate these findings.
Development of a new class of stable and adaptable free-standing fibre mats with high room-temperature hydroxide-ion conductivity
Authors: Szilagyi Petra , Herou Servann , Kasongo-Ntumba Pauline , Periasamy Arun , King James , Doszczeczko Szymon , Bushby Andrew , Sobrido Ana , Titirici Maria-Magdalena , McVea Molly 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
For alkaline anion-exchange membrane electrolysers and fuel cells to become a technological reality, hydroxide-ion (OH-) conducting membranes that are flexible, robust, affording high OH- conductivity, and synthesised in a low-cost and scalable way must be developed. In this paper, we engineer a stable, self-supporting, and flexible fibre mat using a low-cost ZIF-8 metal-organic framework composited with ionic liquid tetrabutylammonium hydroxide and widely used polyacrylonitrile as polymeric backbone. We obtain mats with a high intrinsic OH- conductivity for a metal-organic framework-based material already at room temperature, without added ion-conductor polymers. This approach will contribute to the development of low-cost and tuneable ion-conducting membranes.
Single- and dual-task gait parameters in determination of cerebral small vessel disease
Authors: He Xianghua , Huang Jinshan , Hu Caiyou , Liang Mei , Cheng Xuemin , Jiang Dongdong , Zhang Wei 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background and objective: Gait disorder is one of the primary symptoms of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) and its potential diagnostic value was not known. We aimed to investigate the gait performance in CSVD and to determine the diagnostic value of gait parameters for CSVD under single-task and dual-task walking conditions.
Methods: We prospectively recruited consecutive patients with CSVD from January 1, 2022 to August 31, 2023. A total of 129 CSVD patients and 71 healthy controls were enrolled. Direct gait parameters in the patient group and the control group were compared under single-task and dual-task conditions, controlling for covariates. Gait parameters were compared between the two groups, using the receiver operating characteristic curve.
Results: Compared to controls, participants with CSVD had shorter stride length, slower stride speed, shorter cadence, longer stance time/phase, longer stride time, shorter swing phase, smaller average toe-off angle and smaller heel stride angle either in single-task walking test or in dual-task walking test (all P<0.05). Average heel strike angle could distinguish CSVD from healthy controls both in single-task (AUC = 0.858, P < 0.001, sensitivity, 83.1%; specificity, 76.7%) and dual-task walking tests (AUC = 0.865, P < 0.001, sensitivity, 91.5%; specificity, 70.5%) with moderate accuracy, independent of covariates.
Conclusion: Gait patterns changed in patients with CSVD. Our findings suggest that average heel strike angle was one of the most valuable gait parameters of altered gait in CSVD and that could serve as a diagnostic marker of CSVD.