bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the minimal distance for placing household connections downstream of water distribution cross junctions
Authors: Mompremier Rojacques , Gómez-Núñez Jersain , Guadarrama-Pérez Román , Ramírez-Muñoz Jorge 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

This study investigates the solute (chlorine residual) mixing phenomena downstream of a cross junction, considering its critical role in household connections. Experiments were conducted under turbulent flow conditions in a cross junction with two inlets at 90°, varying flow and chlorine concentration ratios at the inlets, i.e., simulating conditions commonly found in real water distribution systems. Results show that outlet chlorine concentrations primarily depend on the flow ratio at the inlets as well as on the inlet chlorine concentrations. Three-dimensional simulations were conducted to predict chlorine concentrations downstream of the cross junction. To evaluate the degree of downstream mixing, the percent coefficient of variation of tracer concentration (%CV) as a function of the axial position at different chlorine and flow ratios was computed from simulations. It was found that the flow ratio strongly affects it at downstream distances less than 50 pipe diameters, whereas the inlet chlorine concentration ratio has a weak effect. A novel correlation was derived as a function of flow ratio to ascertain the minimal distance for achieving the intended mixing level of %CV = 5 downstream of cross junctions. This correlation holds potential as a criterion for household connection location within water distribution networks for high-quality water delivery.
Plant Adaptation and Tolerance to Heat Stress: Advance Approaches and
Future Aspects
Authors: Pandey Vineeta , Singh Sonia 
Published: March 2024

Abstract:
Heat stress impacts plant growth at all phases of development, although the particular
threshold for heat tolerance varies significantly across different developmental stages. During
seed germination, elevated temperatures can either impede or completely halt the process,
contingent upon the plant type and the severity of the stress. During advanced stages, high temperatures
can have a negative impact on photosynthesis, respiration, water balance, and membrane
integrity. Additionally, they can also influence the levels of hormones and primary and
secondary metabolites. In addition, during the growth and development of plants, there is an increased
expression of various heat shock proteins, as well as other proteins related to stress, and
the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). These are significant plant responses to heat
stress. Plants employ several strategies to deal with heat stress, such as maintaining the stability
of their cell membranes, removing harmful reactive oxygen species (ROS), producing antioxidants,
accumulating and adjusting compatible solutes, activating mitogen-activated protein kinase
(MAPK) and calcium-dependent protein kinase (CDPK) cascades, and, crucially, signaling
through chaperones and activating transcription. These molecular-level systems boost the
ability of plants to flourish in heat stress. Potential genetic methods to enhance plant heat stress
resistance encompass old and modern molecular breeding techniques and transgenic approaches,
all of which rely on a comprehensive comprehension of these systems. Although several
plants exhibit enhanced heat tolerance through traditional breeding methods, the effectiveness
of genetic transformation techniques has been somewhat restricted. The latter results from the
current constraints in our understanding and access to genes that have known impacts on plant
heat stress tolerance. However, these challenges may be overcome in the future. Besides genetic
methods, crops' heat tolerance can be improved through the pre-treatment of plants with various
environmental challenges or the external application of osmoprotectants such as glycine
betaine and proline. Thermotolerance is achieved through an active process in which plants allocate
significant energy to maintain their structure and function to avoid damage induced by
heat stress. The practice of nanoparticles has been shown to upgrade both the standard and the
quantity of produce when crops are under heat stress. This review provides information on the
effects of heat stress on plants and explores the importance of nanoparticles, transgenics, and
genomic techniques in reducing the negative consequences of heat stress. Furthermore, it explores
how plants might adapt to heat stress by modifying their biochemical, physiological, and
molecular reactions.
Seroepidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Patients with Liver Disease in Southeastern Iran
Authors: Oveisipour Atefeh , Hataminejad Maryam , Fouladi Bahman , Azizi Hakim 
Published: March 2024

Introduction:
Recent research has been concentrated on investigating the
involvement of Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) in the progression of liver disorders.
This study aims to investigate the prevalence of T. gondii infection in patients with
non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), as well as the effects of toxoplasmosis infection
on biological biomarkers such as aspirate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase
(ALT), cholesterol (Chol), and triglyceride (Tg) levels in Sistan, southeast Iran.

Methods:
A case-control study was conducted between December 2021 and September
2022. The study included 225 patients diagnosed with NAFLD as the case group
and 225 healthy blood donors as the control group. The controls were selected from
the same region and were matched with the patients based on gender and age. We collected
serum samples from all patients and utilized an enzyme-linked immunosorbent
assay to analyze them for the existence of anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies. A questionnaire
and medical records were utilized to gather data on the patient's demographic
factors.

Results:
The prevalence of anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies were 68 (30.2%) in patients
with NAFLD, whereas it was 11 (4.88%) in the control group. The seroprevalence of
T. gondii in NAFLD patients increased in correlation with age (P < 0.001). The prevalence
of NAFLD was significantly greater in the seropositive group compared to the
seronegative group (P < 0.001). In addition, the levels of the metabolic markers Chol
and Tg were significantly higher in T. gondii seropositive NAFLD patients compared
to T. gondii seronegative NAFLD patients.

Conclusion:
The findings of this study indicate a high seroprevalence of T. gondii in
patients with NAFLD. Further studies are warranted to investigate the underlying
mechanisms and potential therapeutic implications of this association.
Investigating Digital Patient-Reported Outcome Measures in Patient-Centered Diabetes Specialist Outpatient Care (DigiDiaS): Protocol for a Multimethod Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Torbjørnsen Astrid , Spildo Ingeborg , Mollestad Maria Aadland , Jensen Annesofie Lunde , Singstad Tone , Weldingh Nina Mickelson , Joranger Pål , Ribu Lis , Holmen Heidi 
Published: March 2024

Background
Living with type 1 diabetes is challenging, and to support self-management, repeated consultations in specialist outpatient care are often required. The emergence of new digital solutions has revolutionized how health care services can be patient centered, providing unprecedented opportunities for flexible, high-quality care. However, there is a lack of studies exploring how the use of digital patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) for flexible specialist care affects diabetes self-management. To provide new knowledge on the relevance of using PROMs in standard care, we have designed a multimethod prospective study.

Objective
The overall aim of this protocol is to describe our prospective multimethod observational study designed to investigate digital PROMs in a routine specialist outpatient setting for flexible patient-centered diabetes care (DigiDiaS).

Methods
This protocol outlines the design of a multimethod prospective observational cohort study that includes data from electronic health records, self-reported questionnaires, clinical consultation field observations, and individual in-depth interviews with patients and diabetes health care personnel. All patients with type 1 diabetes at a designated outpatient clinic were invited to participate and use the digital PROM implemented in clinical care. Both users and nonusers of the digital PROM were eligible for the prospective study, allowing for a comparison of the two groups. Data were collected at baseline and after 12 months, including self-management as the primary outcome assessed using the Patient Activation Measure, along with the secondary outcomes of digital health literacy, quality of life, health economy, and clinical variables such as glycated hemoglobin.

Results
The digital solution was implemented for routine clinical care in the department in November 2021, and data collection for the prospective study started in October 2022. As of September 6, 2023, 84.6% (186/220) of patients among those in the digital PROM and 15.5% (34/220) of patients among the nonusers have consented to participate. We expect the study to have enough participants by the autumn of 2023. With 1 year of follow-up, the results are expected by spring 2025.

Conclusions
In conclusion, a multimethod prospective observational cohort study can offer valuable insights into the relevance, effectiveness, and acceptability of digital tools using PROMs in diabetes specialist care. Such knowledge is crucial for achieving broad and successful implementation and use of these tools in a large diabetes outpatient clinic.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/52766
Early Warning System pada Henti Jantung Berbasis Smartphone
Authors: Purbianto Purbianto , Agustanti Dwi , Nasihin Nasihin 
Published: March 2024

Latar Belakang: Kasus henti jantung di Amerika Serikat lebih dari 350.000/tahun dan kurang dari 10% yang bertahan hidup, di United Kingdom lebih dari 30.000/tahun di luar rumah sakit hanya 1 orang selamat dari 10 orang yang terserang. Prognosis henti jantung adalah kematian otak dan kematian permanen yang terjadi dalam 8-10 menit. Kondisi ini dapat dicegah dengan Resusitasi Jantung Paru (RJP) dan defibrilasi yang diberikan antara 5-7 menit dapat memberikan peluang hidup 30% - 45%. Diperlukan metode yang digunakan untuk menyelamatkan dengan segera untuk mencari bantuan dan melakukan cara penanganan.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan prototipe sensor denyut nadi.Metode: Desain penelitian ini adalah kuasi eksperimen. Besar sampel 35 responden dengan 4 kali pengulangan. Analisis data dengan uji sensitivitas, spesifitas dan uji beda dua mean dependent.Hasil: Sensitivitas prototipe 98,53% menyatakan frekuensi nadi normal pada orang yang normal. Spesifitas prototipe 50%, bermakna prototipe menyatakan denyut nadi tidak normal pada orang yang tidak normal.Kesimpulan: Prototipe sensor denyut nadi dapat mengukur frekuensi denyut nadi hampir mendekati sama dengan alat standar yang digunakan.
Development of science subject-specific pedagogy to support disaster risk reduction in education: Its feasibility and influence
Authors: Haka Nukhbatul Bidayati , Mauliana Luckyta , Supriyadi Supriyadi , Hamid Abdul 
Published: March 2024

This development research aims to provide new innovations to learning media in Biology learning. The model used in developing this media adopts the Borg Gall development theory which is cut into 9 steps with a population of students in class XI MIPA. The instruments used are expert validation questionnaires, student response questionnaires, and critical thinking essay questions. The results of research in developing android-based virtual practicum media can improve critical thinking skills, become a simulation forum before carrying out activities in the laboratory (pre-lab), and become a solution to the shortage of laboratory facilities. The results of the validation of media experts get an average percentage of 91.66% with very decent criteria, material experts an average of 81.25% with very decent criteria, linguists produce 91.40% with very feasible criteria, and responses the percentage of students is 70.58% with proper criteria. The effectiveness of the media can be seen from the results of the hypothesis which gets Tcount 3.71 T table 2.00, and also the N-Gain value of the experimental class which is greater than the control class, namely the experimental class gets a value of 0.63 while the control class is 0.25.
ENSIKLOPEDIA TOKOH-TOKOH PEJUANG LAMPUNG BERMUATAN NILAI-NILAI KARAKTER BERBASIS ANDROID
Authors: Saputra Heru Apri , Kuswono Kuswono 
Published: March 2024

This study aims to develop an encyclopedia of Lampung warrior figures and describe theirfeasibility. The feasibility test was carried out at Metro 6 Public High School. The study uses aresearch and development (R&D) method adapted from the Sugiyono Level 1 model (produces adesign but does not test). Stages of research that is analyzing the potential or problem, gatheringinformation through observation, in-depth interviews, document collection, product design, media validation, media improvement, and completion of the encyclopedia product Lampung herofigures.The results of the study are the learning media encyclopedia of Lampung warrior figures designedin accordance with the 2013 curriculum and BC curriculum in the subject of the 20th centuryIndonesian resistance strategy. The results of media validation for phase 1 were 76% (Eligible) forstage 2 by 93% (Very Eligible), the results obtained from media validation between stage 1 andstage 2 experienced an increase of 17%. Then in the results of the validation of stage 1 material by80% (Eligible), stage 2 by 90% (Very Eligible), between stage 1 and stage 2 has increased by 10%.And the results of student responses by 90% (Very Eligible). From the results of the validation itcan be concluded that the encyclopedia media figures of Lampung warrior deserve to be tested.
Analysis of the Items Final Semester Test of Islamic Religious Education
Authors: Saptaputra Idil , Marwiyah St. , Hasanuddin Muh. Irfan 
Published: March 2024

Skripsi ini membahas mengenai Analisis Butir Soal Ulangan Akhir Semester Mata Pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam. Penelitian ini bertujuan: untuk mengetahui kualitas butir soal ulangan akhir semester ganjil mata pelajaran pendidikan agama Islam, ditinjau dari validitas, reliabilitas, tingkat kesukaran, daya pembeda, dan efektivitas pengecoh. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya hasil ulangan akhir semester ganjil mata pelajaran pendidikan agama Islam, dari 197 siswa yang mengikuti ulangan akhir semester ganjil, sebanyak 118 (60%) siswa tidak berhasil mencapai nilai kriteria ketuntatasan minimal (KKM). Jenis penelitian yaitu kuantitatif, dengan penjabaran deskriptif, data yang diperoleh dilakukan analisis secara statistik kemudian pembahasan dijabarkan dalam bentuk deskripsi. Populasi penelitian ini yaitu sebanyak 197 siswa kelas XI SMAN 2 Palopo tahun ajaran 2020/2021. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik probability sampling, dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 40 siswa. Data diperoleh melalui kegiatan observasi dan dokumentasi. Selanjutnya dilakukan analisis. Hasil dari penelitian ini memperlihatkan: Butir soal yang dinyatakan valid sebanyak 24 (96%), tidak valid sebanyak 1 (4%). Soal reliabel karena memperlihatkan hasil perhitungan koefisien korelasi sebesar 0,731 (ri≥ 0, 70). Tingkat kesukaran butir soal yaitu mudah sebanyak 13 (52%), sedang sebanyak 9 (36%), dan sukar sebanyak 3 (12%). Butir soal didominasi daya pembeda yang baik sebanyak 10 (40%), selanjutnya cukup sebanyak 8 (32%), jelek sebanyak 5 (20%), sangat jelek dan baik sekali masing-masing 1 (1%). Namun, efektivitas pengecoh butir soal didominasi pengecoh yang tidak berfungsi sebanyak 22 (88%), berfungsi hanya 3 (12%). Berdasarkan hasil analisis butir soal ulangan akhir semester ganjil mata pelajaran pendidikan agama Islam, kualitasnya telah memadai untuk mengukur kemampuan siswa ditinjau dari validitas, reliabilitas, tingkat kesukaran dan daya pembeda. Implikasi: Penelitian yang dilakukan untuk mengetahui kualitas butir soal secara kuantitatif. Karena itu, diharapkan akan ada penelitian selanjutnya untuk mengetahui kualitas butir soal secara kualitatif. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi bahan evaluasi dalam meningkatkan kualitas butir soal yang baik dan valid dengan cara memilih pengecoh yang berfungsi, serta mempertimbangkan indikator kualitas butir soal yang baik dalam membuat soal ulangan akhir semester.Kata Kunci: Analisis Butir, Ulangan Akhir Semester, Pendidikan Agama Islam.
Friction Force Reduction Efficiency in Sliding Motion Under Tangential Vibrations of Elastic Support
Authors: Leus Mariusz , Gutowski Paweł 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The efficiency of reducing the friction force in sliding motion under the influence of forced vibrations of an elastic substrate significantly depends on the direction of these vibrations in relation to the sliding direction. This article presents a comparison of computational models developed by the authors to estimate the friction force in sliding motion under longitudinal and transverse tangential vibrations of the substrate. Fundamental differences between these models are discussed, and the results of comparative analyses of the impact of tangential vibrations on the friction force depending on their direction are presented. In the developed models describing the friction force, dynamic friction models of Dahl and Dupont and the so-called LuGre model were utilised. The analyses were performed as a function of the sliding velocity and two basic parameters of vibration, which are frequency f and amplitude u0. It has been shown that under longitudinal vibrations, the key parameter, which determines the occurrence of friction force reduction at a given driving velocity vd, is the amplitude va of vibration velocity. However, the level of this reduction cannot be determined unequivocally based on the value of this parameter alone since the identical value va can be obtained at different magnitudes of the frequency and amplitude of vibrations, and the reduction level is a nonlinear function of these parameters. The results of simulation analyses were verified experimentally.
Real-Time Simulation and Experimental Implementation of Luenberger Observer-Based Speed Sensor Fault Detection of BLDC Motors
Authors: AL-Mutayeb Yousef , Almobaied Moayed , Ouda Mohamed 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Modern control systems’ dependability, safety and efficiency have all been improved by studying fault-tolerant control systems (FTCS). FTCS techniques can typically be active or passive controls. The fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) method is used in this study’s active control branch to identify probable faults that could develop in the speed Hall sensors of brushless DC motors (BLDC). FDD methodologies can be categorised into two types, depending on the available data and the process involved: model-based methods and data-based methods. The proposed approach in this study explores the implementation of the Luenberger observer methodology as part of the model-based approach. The chosen methodology was practically implemented and subjected to experimental evaluation. The proposed observer relies on the residual signal, which displays the difference between the plant’s observed and estimated speed signals and serves as a failure alert for the entire system. Given the increasing demand for BLDC motors in various industrial control applications, including medical fields, automation and robotics, this particular motor was selected as a benchmark to thoroughly evaluate and validate the proposed method. The primary contribution of this paper lies in the real-time application of model-based sensor fault detection methods to BLDC motors. The efficiency of the suggested method is showcased through extensive MATLAB simulations, where the obtained results confirm the successful detection of faults with a high level of responsiveness. As a result, the project was successfully implemented in real-time, and the experimental results exhibited a close correlation with the simulated outcomes. This consistency between simulation and practical implementation validates the accuracy and reliability of the proposed methodology for detecting faults in the BLDC motor speed sensor. The results underscore the heightened reliability and safety attained by promptly and accurately detecting sensor faults during the operation of the motor.
Examination of a Magnetorheological Damper Control System with Vibration Energy Harvesting
Authors: Jastrzębski Łukasz , Sapiński Bogdan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The study deals with the experimental examination of a magnetorheological (MR) damper control system with vibration energy harvesting using a specially engineered electronic unit (EU). Unlike a typical MR damper control system, which requires an external energy source, the developed system is powered exclusively by energy extracted from a vibrating structure (mechanical system with one-degree-of freedom) and processed through the EU. The work describes the structure and functions of the EU, presents the test rig and the control algorithm implementation, and discusses the test results of the control system under harmonic kinematic excitations of low frequency range.
New roles of research data infrastructure in research paradigm evolution
Authors: Li Yizhan , Dong Lu , Fan Xiaoxiao , Wei Ren , Guo Shijie , Ma Wenzhen , Li Zexia 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Research data infrastructures form the cornerstone in both cyber and physical spaces, driving the progression of the data-intensive scientific research paradigm. This opinion paper presents an overview of global research data infrastructure, drawing insights from national roadmaps and strategic documents related to research data infrastructure. It emphasizes the pivotal role of research data infrastructures by delineating four new missions aimed at positioning them at the core of the current scientific research and communication ecosystem. The four new missions of research data infrastructures are: (1) as a pioneer, to transcend the disciplinary border and address complex, cutting-edge scientific and social challenges with problem- and data-oriented insights; (2) as an architect, to establish a digital, intelligent, flexible research and knowledge services environment; (3) as a platform, to foster the high-end academic communication; (4) as a coordinator, to balance scientific openness with ethics needs.
Effects of Tacit Knowledge on the Performance of Selected Universities in Kenya
Authors: Murumba Joan Wakasa , Kwanya Tom , Maina Jane Cherono 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Tacit knowledge (TK) is non-codified and personal (sticky) knowledge that is difficult to transfer. TK cannot be said to be significant if there is a lack of tangible contributions. Universities can only realize such returns when there is growth in terms of (financial base, products, processes, customer base, employees’ loyalty) financial and non-financial indicators. The main objective of the research was to evaluate the effect of TK on organizational performance in selected universities in Kenya. The study adopted a mixed research approach as informed by pragmatism research paradigm. Data was collected from a study population of 65 respondents from four study sites which were Kibabii University, University of Nairobi, KCA University, and the University of Eastern Africa, Baraton. Semi-structured questionnaires were administered to academic deans; directors of research, innovation, and ICT; and heads of library services as well as planning and administration. Qualitative data was analyzed through conversation analysis, content analysis, and R which is a computer-assisted data analysis software. Chi-square tests, as well as multinomial logistic regression, were used for the quantitative data analysis. The findings of this study indicate that universities value TK as a key asset for organizational performance. The study identified TK as an asset that has helped institutions to grow in terms of work processes, decision making, and the creation of new products and/or services.