bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Select High-Risk Genetic Features Predict Earlier Progression Following Chemoimmunotherapy With Fludarabine and Rituximab in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Justification for Risk-Adapted Therapy
Authors: Byrd John C. , Gribben John G. , Peterson Bercedis L. , Grever Michael R. , Lozanski Gerard , Lucas David M. , Lampson Ben , Larson Richard A. , Caligiuri Michael A. , Heerema Nyla A. 
Published: December 2005

Purpose Several new prognostic factors predicting rapid disease progression in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) have been identified, including unmutated Ig VH mutational status, del(11)(q23), del(17)(p13.1), and p53 mutations. To date, the impact of these same prognostic factors have not been examined relative to treatment outcome with chemoimmunotherapy. Methods We examined the impact of these new prognostic factors on predicting treatment outcome in symptomatic, untreated CLL patients who received chemoimmunotherapy with fludarabine and rituximab as part of a completed, randomized phase II study, Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CALGB) 9712. Results Eighty-eight patients treated as part of CALGB 9712 had detailed prognostic factor assessment performed. Using Ig VH mutational status to classify risk, there was no association between complete response rate with either unmutated Ig VH mutational status or high-risk interphase cytogenetics. However, the median progression-free survival (PFS; P = .048) and overall survival (OS; P = .01) were shorter among the Ig VH unmutated patients as compared with the Ig VH mutated patients. Using the hierarchical classification of Döhner, PFS (P = .005) and OS (P = .004) were significantly longer as the classification moved from high risk [del (11)(q22.3) or del (17)(p13.1)] to low risk. Conclusion These data demonstrate that high-risk CLL patients characterized by Ig VH unmutated (≥ 98%) or high-risk interphase cytogenetics, including either del(17p) or del(11q), appear to have a shorter PFS and OS with chemoimmunotherapy. Larger prospective studies will be required to determine the independent influence of Ig VH mutational status and interphase cytogenetics on treatment outcome.
Preparation and Structure of syn- and anti-Bis(μ-thioacetato-κ2S)bis[bis(dithioacetato-κS:κS′)iridium(III)]
Authors: Ebihara Masahiro , Kanematsu Naohiro , Yoshida Masako , Kawamura Takashi 
Published: December 2005

Abstract
Iridium(III) dinuclear complexes with thioacetato bridges and dithioacetato chelates were prepared by the reaction of H2IrCl6·6H2O with a mixture of Li2CO3, MeCOSH, MeCO2H, and (MeCO)2O under O2. X-ray structures of two geometrical isomers for [{Ir(S2CMe)2}2(μ-SOCMe)2] were determined.
Enantiomeric Resolution and Absolute Stereochemistry of Stable Rotamers of Dimethyl 6,6′-Dimethyl-9,9′-bitriptycyl-2,2′-dicarboxylate as a Stereochemical Analog of (R*,R*)- and (R,S)-Tartaric Acids
Authors: Toyota Shinji , Takau Akinori , Hitaka Yo , Oki Michinori , Wakamatsu Kan 
Published: December 2005

Abstract
The title 9,9′-bitriptycyl compound, regarded as a stereochemical analogue of tartaric acid, possesses a total of five diastereomers, among which two rotamers belonging to the (R*,R*) form were isolated by chromatographic separation. Their relative stereochemistries were determined by X-ray analysis to be ap-(R*,R*) and sc*-(R*,R*). The enantiomers of these isomers were resolved by chiral HPLC and found to be optically and CD active. To predict the absolute stereochemistry, the CD spectra were calculated by the TDDFT method for the two rotamers as well as the chiral (R,S) form. The spectral pattern depends on the absolute arrangement of the two COOMe substituted benzeno groups, leading to the assignment of ap-(S,S), Psc-(R,R), and Msc-(R,S) for the (−)-forms. Since the achiral ap-(R,S) form was already known, we established the stereochemical relationship of all of the possible isomers of the tartaric acid-type molecule except for a pair of enantiomers of one missing isomer, the sc*-(S*,S*) form.
Hypericin‐mediated Photocytotoxic Effect on HT‐29 Adenocarcinoma Cells Is Reduced by Light Fractionation with Longer Dark Pause Between Two Unequal Light Doses
Authors: Sačková Veronika , Kuliková Lucia , Mikeš Jaromír , Kleban Ján , Fedoročko Peter 
Published: December 2005

ABSTRACTThe present study demonstrates thein vitroeffect of hypericin‐mediated PDT with fractionated light delivery. Cells were photosensitized with unequal light fractions separated by dark intervals (1 or 6 h). We compared the changes in viability, cell number, survival, apoptosis and cell cycle on HT‐29 cells irradiated with a single light dose (12 J/cm2) to the fractionated light delivery (1 + 11 J/cm2) 24 and 48 h after photodynamic treatment. We found that a fractionated light regime with a longer dark period resulted in a decrease of hypericin cytotoxicity. Both cell number and survival were higher after light sensitization with a 6‐h dark interval. DNA fragmentation occurred after a single light‐dose application, but in contrast no apoptotic DNA formation was detected with a 6‐h dark pause. After fractionation the percentage of cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle was increased, while the proportion of cells in the G2 phase decreased as compared to a single light‐dose application,i.e.both percentage of cells in the G1 and G2 phase of the cell cycle were near control levels. We presume that the longer dark interval after the irradiation of cells by first light dose makes them resistant to the effect of the second illumination. These findings confirm that the light application scheme together with other photodynamic protocol components is crucial for the photocytotoxicity of hypericin.
Phototaxis in the Cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803: Role of Different Photoreceptors
Authors: Fiedler Brita , Börner Thomas , Wilde Annegret 
Published: December 2005

ABSTRACTThe second cyanobacterial phytochrome Cph2 from Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 was suggested as a part of a light‐stimulated signal transduction chain inhibiting movement toward blue light. Cph2 has the two bilin binding sites, cysteine‐129 and cysteine‐1022, that might be involved in sensing of red/far‐red and blue light, respectively. Here, we present data on wavelength dependence of the phototaxis inhibition under blue light, indicating that Cph2 itself is the photoreceptor for this blue light response; We found that inhibition of blue‐light phototaxis in wild‐type cells occurred below the transition point of about 470 nm. Substitution of cysteine‐1022 with valine led to photomovement of the cells toward blue light (cph2− mutant phenotype). Analysis of mutants lacking cysteine‐129 in the N‐terminal chromophore binding domain indicated that this domain is also important for Cph2 function or folding of the protein. Furthermore, putative blue‐light and phytochrome‐like photoreceptors encoded by the Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 genome were inactivated in wild‐type and cph2 knockout mutant background. Our results suggest that none of these potential photoreceptors interfere with Cph2 function, although in‐activation of taxD1 as well as slr1694 encoding a BLUF protein led to cells that reversed the direction of movement under blue light illumination in mutant strains of cph2.
Spring Migratory Movements by Paddlefish in Natural and Regulated River Segments of the Missouri and Yellowstone Rivers, North Dakota and Montana
Authors: Firehammer Jon A. , Scarnecchia Dennis L. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractPaddlefishPolyodon spathulaof the Yellowstone–Sakakawea stock, Missouri and Yellowstone rivers, Montana and North Dakota, were radio‐tagged to assess movement patterns during spawning migrations in 1999–2002. Sixty‐three of the 69 tagged fish provided useful data on migratory movements during the study period. Paddlefish exhibited repeated directional changes in movement during the spring, traveling extensively upriver and downriver in association with increasing and decreasing levels of river discharge and suspended sediment. This behavior resulted in their widespread distribution along the lower 50 km of the Yellowstone River during late spring of all 4 years. The choice of river ascended (Missouri or Yellowstone) was also associated with increasing levels of discharge and turbidity. Paddlefish ascended the unregulated Yellowstone River rather than the regulated Missouri River more than four of every five times when moving above the confluence of the two rivers. Although paddlefish were also occasionally contacted in the Missouri River above the confluence, most forays into the Missouri River were of short duration as fish were contacted less than a week afterward in the Yellowstone River. River temperature did not play a significant role in determining directional movement or river selection. The results from this study provide insight into how annual variations in or modifications to the spring flow regime might affect movement patterns in migratory paddlefish and, consequently, spawning success.
Methods in the Analysis of Maternal Behavior in the Rodent
Authors: Capone Francesca , Bonsignore Luca Tommaso , Cirulli Francesca 
Published: December 2005

AbstractThe aim of this unit is to provide a set of fundamental protocols to assess maternal behavior in rats and mice. Parental behavior in rodents is characterized by a rather complex set of behavioral items, which are described in great detail. A special emphasis has been placed on listing the many intervening variables that can bias the correct assessment of maternal behavior and the modifications to that behavior resulting from exposure to drugs or toxic compounds. Because changes in maternal behavior can be very subtle, the accuracy of the protocols can enhance the likelihood of detecting minor differences in behavior resulting from the experimental procedures. In addition, some suggestions are given on the most appropriate methods of data collection and their statistical analysis.
Electron Microscopy and Image Processing: An Essential Tool for Structural Analysis of Macromolecules
Authors: Steven Alasdair , Belnap David 
Published: December 2005

AbstractMacromolecular electron microscopy (EM) deals with macromolecular complexes and their placement within the cell—linking the molecular and cellular worlds as a bridge between atomic‐resolution X‐ray crystallographic or NMR studies and lower resolution light microscopy. The amount of specimen required is typically 102 to 103 times less than for X‐ray crystallography or NMR. Electron micrographs of frozen‐hydrated specimens portray native structures. Computer averaging yields enhanced images with reduced noise. Three‐dimensional reconstructions may be computed from multiple views. Under favorable circumstances, resolutions of 7 to 10 Å are achieved. Fitting atomic‐resolution coordinates of components into three‐dimensional density maps gives pseudo‐atomic models of a complex's structure and interactions. Time‐resolved experiments describe conformational changes. Electron tomography allows reconstruction of pleiomorphic complexes and sub‐cellular structures. Electron crystallography has produced near‐atomic resolution models of two‐dimensional arrays, notably of membrane proteins.
Triplication of 8p22–8p23 in a patient with features similar to Kabuki syndrome
Authors: Shieh Joseph T.C. , Hudgins Louanne , Cherry Athena M. , Shen Zhezhong , Hoyme H. Eugene 
Published: December 2005

AbstractKabuki syndrome (KS) comprises multiple congenital anomalies and distinctive facial appearance. Although a number of chromosome abnormalities have been described in patients with KS‐like phenotypes, no consensus has been reached regarding the genetic basis underlying the classic Kabuki phenotype. A recent study reported on 8p22–8p23.1 duplication in patients diagnosed with KS; however, a number of other studies have not found this duplication in patients with classic KS. We report on a girl with triplication of 8p22–8p23 who has mental retardation and some features suggestive of KS, including growth retardation, left‐sided obstructive heart lesion, long‐appearing palpebral fissures, hypertelorism, sparse lateral eyebrows, prominent ears, and persistent fetal fingertip pads. She does not have the typical facial gestalt of KS, nor does she have other more specific findings of KS. We propose that abnormal copy number of genes in the 8p22–8p23 region results in a syndrome of multiple congenital anomalies with many features that overlap with classic KS. However, data from this patient and others with similar duplications in the literature suggest that duplication or triplication of 8p22–8p23 represents a recognizable pattern of malformation distinct from classic KS. The exact genetic abnormality underlying KS currently remains unknown. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Familial complex 3q;10q rearrangement unraveled by subtelomeric FISH analysis
Authors: Battaglia A. , Novelli A. , Ceccarini C. , Carey J.C. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractIn recent years, subtelomeric rearrangements have been identified as a major cause of multiple congenital anomalies/mental retardation syndromes. Currently, more than 2,500 individuals with mental retardation have been tested and reported in whom subtelomeric rearrangements were detected ranging from 2% to 29%. Therefore, subtelomeric FISH analysis is indicated as a second tier test after high‐resolution G‐banding analysis in patients with otherwise unexplained developmental delay/mental retardation and/or multiple congenital anomalies. We describe a patient and her three maternal female cousins, all showing an undiagnosed MCA/MR syndrome, associated with the same complex subtelomeric rearrangement. Subtelomeric FISH testing performed between 3½ and 18 years after the initial karyotype showed, in all four patients, distal trisomy 3q and distal monosomy 10q as follows: 46,XX,ish der(10)t(3;10)(q29;q26.3)mat(D10S2488+,D10S2490−, D3S1272+,D10Z1+). Parental subtelomeric FISH analysis showed that the proposita's mother and three of four brothers and one of two sisters had a cryptic balanced 3:10 telomere translocation. The three brothers with the balanced translocation were father to one each of the three proband's cousins. All four affected girls showed a similar phenotype with pre/postnatal growth retardation, microcephaly, severe developmental delay/mental retardation, poor/absent speech, and a distinct pattern of malformation. On examination there were coarsening of facial features with low fronto‐temporal hairline; thick eyebrows; bilateral epicanthal folds; hypertelorism; prominent nose with squared nasal root and narrow alar base; low‐set posteriorly rotated large ears with a prominent anthelix; high arched palate; prominent chin; hands/feet brachydactyly; bilateral squint; hypotonia; and muscle hypotrophy. A slow overall improvement was seen in all patients over time. To our knowledge, this complex subtelomeric rearrangement in our patients has never been reported so far. Monosomy 10q has recently been described either isolated or as part of a complex rearrangement involving telomeres other than the 3q. Trisomy 3q29 has not yet been reported, but our patients resembled cases with 3q26 trisomy suggesting that the critical region of duplication for this phenotype is in 3q29. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Male competition and paternity in wild chimpanzees of the Taï forest
Authors: Boesch Christophe , Kohou Grégoire , Néné Honora , Vigilant Linda 
Published: December 2005

AbstractIn social animals, competition among males for mates affects individual reproductive success. The priority‐of‐access model attempts to account for the influence of demographic conditions within groups upon male reproductive success, but empirical data for testing this model are scarce. Our long‐term study of chimpanzees in the Taï National Park, Côte d'Ivoire, encompasses a period of steady decrease in community size and fluctuating numbers of competing males and sexually receptive females. These demographic changes, in combination with genetic assessment of paternity for 48 offspring from three communities, allowed us to quantify the effects of varying levels of competition upon male reproductive success. On average, the highest‐ranking male sired 50% of all analyzed offspring during a 14‐year period from 1987–2000. Competition among males strongly decreased the relative reproductive success of the alpha male, such that the alpha male's rate of success decreased from 67% with few competitors to only 38% with four or more competitors. The increasing number of synchronously receptive females in large groups also reduced the proportion of paternities by the alpha male. Thus, patterns of paternity in Taï chimpanzees fit well the predictions of the priority‐of‐access model. We also found that despite the inability of dominants to monopolize reproduction, they achieved a higher reproductive rate in large multimale groups, because these have more females and a higher infant survival rate. Varied levels of male competition within communities seem to explain differences in the reproductive success of alpha males observed in different chimpanzee populations, and in other primate species. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2006. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Novel Approach to Synthesis of [c]‐Condensed Decahydroisoindolo[2,1‐a]quinolines.
Authors: Zubkov F. I. , Zaytsev V. P. , Nikitina E. V. , Mikhaylova N. M. , Aleksandrov G. G. , Borisov R. S. , Varlamov A. V. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Organocatalytic Diastereo‐ and Enantioselective Annulation Reations — Construction of Optically Active 1,2‐Dihydroisoquinoline and 1,2‐Dihydrophthalazine Derivatives.
Authors: Frisch Kim , Landa Aitor , Saaby Steen , Joergensen Karl Anker 
Published: December 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Functional outcome after low‐grade astrocytoma treatment in childhood
Authors: Aarsen Femke K. , Paquier Philippe F. , Reddingius Roel E. , Streng Isabelle C. , Arts Willem‐Frans M. , Evera‐Preesman Marjon , Catsman‐Berrevoets Coriene E. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe relatively high survival rate of patients with low‐grade astrocytoma necessitates increasing attention to physical and psychosocial outcomes. The objective of the current study was to investigate functional outcomes among children who were treated for low‐grade or pilocytic astrocytoma in different areas of the brain.METHODSFunctional outcomes were evaluated in the following domains: impairments, disabilities, handicaps, and quality of life (QOL). In a consecutive series, 38 children were included. Follow‐up ranged from 3 years and 7 months to 11 years and 4 months after diagnosis.RESULTSApproximately 61% of children had impairments and 10% had a severe disability. Handicaps were found in the domains of relationships, school, and behavior. Children who were treated for supratentorial tumors required significantly more special education, and children who were treated for infratentorial tumors had significantly more behavioral and social problems. QOL was decreased significantly in all domains except emotions. Children who had a diagnosis in adolescence reported a lower QOL in social functioning compared with younger children. Data analysis revealed that some deficits suddenly became apparent years after diagnosis.CONCLUSIONSAt long‐term follow‐up, children who had low‐grade or pilocytic astrocytomas were found to have poor functional outcomes, depending on tumor site, age, and recurrence. Children without deficits may develop severe cognitive, social, and behavioral deficits years after diagnosis, because of the phenomenon of “growing into deficit.” Therefore, the authors suggest a long‐term follow‐up of children who are treated for low‐grade or pilocytic astrocytomas at a young age to detect and subsequently offer support focused on the medical and cognitive impairments as well as on the behavioral and social consequences of their disease. Cancer 2006. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
Classic Kaposi sarcoma
Authors: Guttman‐Yassky Emma , Dubnov Jonathan , Kra‐Oz Zippi , Friedman‐Birnbaum Rachel , Silbermann Michael , Barchana Micha , Bergman Reuven , Sarid Ronit 
Published: December 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDClassic Kaposi sarcoma (CKS) is a relatively rare vascular disease primarily affecting human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐uninfected elderly men. The infection with Kaposi sarcoma‐associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is necessary for the establishment of Kaposi sarcoma (KS), although it is not sufficient. Thus, only a small fraction of KSHV‐infected individuals develops KS. The cofactors that influence risk of KS among HIV‐uninfected individuals are yet to be determined. The objective of the current study was to assess potential risk factors for CKS in the KSHV‐infected Jewish population in Israel.METHODSA case–control study involved 35 CKS cases and 48 matched KSHV‐infected controls. Lifestyle and medical history data from case patients and controls were compared by logistic regression analysis.RESULTSIn a multivariate analysis, the authors identified an age‐related small increased risk for CKS in subjects originating from Asia and Africa. The risk for CKS increased, although not significantly statistically, in subjects who reported alcohol consumption, diabetes mellitus, herpes simplex, and asthma. No relation was found with cigarette smoking, family size, number of lifetime sexual partners, or sexually transmitted disease.CONCLUSIONSA borderline increase in CKS risk among elderly subjects originating from Africa or Asia was identified. These results need to be further evaluated by larger studies. The authors believe that genetic and immunologic parameters may alter risk for CKS and, therefore, should also be investigated. Cancer 2006. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
Metastatic osteosarcoma
Authors: Daw Najat C. , Billups Catherine A. , Rodriguez‐Galindo Carlos , McCarville M. Beth , Rao Bhaskar N. , Cain Alvida M. , Jenkins Jesse J. , Neel Michael D. , Meyer William H. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe outcome of patients with metastatic osteosarcoma treated in two consecutive trials from 1986 to 1997 was analyzed to evaluate the efficacy of carboplatin‐based multiagent chemotherapy and to identify prognostic factors. The initial study (OS‐86) used ifosfamide, cisplatin, doxorubicin, and high‐dose methotrexate, and the subsequent study (OS‐91) used the same agents at similar doses, but carboplatin was substituted for cisplatin.METHODSTwelve patients (median age, 15.1 yrs) were treated in OS‐86 for osteosarcoma metastatic to the lung only (11 patients) or bone only (1 patient), and 17 patients (median age, 15.1 yrs) were treated in OS‐91 for osteosarcoma metastatic to the lung only (12 patients), bone only (2 patients), lung and bone (2 patients), or other site (1 patient).RESULTSPatients with metastatic disease enrolled in OS‐86 and those with metastatic disease enrolled in OS‐91 did not differ in terms of demographic features, histologic subtype, site of primary tumor, or site of metastases. There was a difference in survival according to treatment protocol (P = 0.054). All survivors (four of whom were enrolled in OS‐86 and one of whom was enrolled in OS‐91) had lung metastases only. Five‐year survival estimates for patients with lung metastases only were 45.5 ± 13.7% (OS‐86) and 8.3 ± 5.6% (OS‐91) (P = 0.084). Unilateral lung metastases (P = 0.006), no more than three lung nodules (P = 0.014), and surgical remission (P = 0.001) were associated with improved survival probability.CONCLUSIONSThe poor outcome of patients with metastatic osteosarcoma treated in OS‐91 justifies the use of cisplatin with its associated toxicity in patients with high‐risk disease. Cancer 2006. © 2005 American Cancer Society.