bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between Profile of the Respondent and Impact of Integrated Farming System in Terms of Change in Employment Generation
Authors: Ruikar B. A.  , Gaikawad A. B.  , Dangore A. P.  , Kadam J. R.  
Published: February 2024

The present study highlights about impact of integrated farming system on doubling farmers’ income. The study was conducted in four district of Konkan regions of Maharashtra namely Ratnagiri, Sindhudurg, Raigad and Palghar district, India. For farmers with limited resources, the Integrated Farming System (IFS) is the only way to ensure a stable living and a means of subsistence. Sustainable livelihood through crop diversification, including the introduction of high-value crops, planned strategies for overcoming various obstacles, and the road of successful marketing, all made possible by integrated farming modules that are ideal for farmers to encourage scientific farming practices. The present study was conducted in four district of Konkan region of Maharashtra. A multistage sampling procedure was adopted for the selection of integrated farming system adopters. In all 200 respondents were selected for study from the four districts of Konkan region. The “Ex-Post-Facto” research design was used for the proposed study. The impact of the integrated farming system was found to be significantly correlated with thirteen selected independent variables, including age, farming experience, major occupation, annual income, cropping pattern, livestock possession, information seeking behavior, economic motivation, irrigation status, and risk orientation. Additionally, the impact of the integrated farming system was found to be highly correlated with education, land holding, and productivity level, particularly in terms of the change in employment generation.
Circadian Variation of Stroke in a Tertiary Level Hospital
Authors: Rahman Mahmudur , Rahman Md. Matiur , Ahmed Moniruzzaman , Chowdhury Suman Kanti , Hossan Md. Alamgir , Hasan Sayful , Islam Nazrul , Rashid Shakila 
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Stroke, a primary global health concern, is the fifth leading cause of death in Bangladesh, with a prevalence of 0.3%. While 85% of stroke cases globally are cerebral infarctions, Asian countries exhibit stroke patients on average 15 years younger than developed countries. Survival studies reveal strokes exceeding coronary events in hypertensive patients. Observational data suggests circadian, circaseptan, and circannual variations in stroke occurrence, with a morning peak. Circadian rhythm in ischemic stroke is higher in the early morning. Thrombotic strokes, influenced by platelet aggregation and fibrinolysis, often occur in the morning. Haemorrhagic strokes result from blood vessel ruptures. Population-specific circadian patterns remain unconfirmed.
Aim of the Study: The study aims to find out the relation of circadian variation of stroke.
Methods: This cross-sectional study, conducted at Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh, analyzed 100 stroke patients over six months. Ethical approval was obtained, and informed consent was taken. Inclusion criteria covered patients with clinical and imaging stroke diagnoses, while exclusion criteria excluded transient ischemic attack, previous stroke, head injury history, and refusal to participate. Stroke onset time was categorized into four six-hour intervals. Demographic data, risk factors, and comorbidities were recorded, and brain CT scans were performed. Data analysis used SPSS version 22, employing descriptive statistics, Chi-square Test, and Student's t-test. Significance was set at p<0.05. Results were presented in tables.
Results: The study involves 100 participants, primarily aged 60-70 (50%), predominantly male (76%), residing 62% in urban and 38% in rural areas. Occupationally, 35% are businessmen, 24% are housewives, and 15% are service holders and laborers. Smoking status shows 58% smokers. Stroke types include 57% ischemic strokes and 39% hemorrhagic strokes. Hypertension (72%) is the significant risk factor. Stroke symptoms predominantly occur between 06:01 and 12:00 (46%). These insights comprehensively understand the study population's demographics, lifestyle, and clinical characteristics.
Conclusion: The study established circadian patterns in stroke onset, with the highest frequency between 06:00-12:00 and the lowest between 18:01-24:00. Ischemic stroke was the most common subtype, followed by hemorrhagic stroke and fewer subarachnoid hemorrhages. Managing blood pressure and coagulation during peak onset times could aid stroke prevention, but further extensive studies are needed for validation.
Analysis of the Influence of Envelope Heat Gain on Hygrothermal Comfort in Tropical Housing: The Case of Benin
Authors: Nathaniels Dirk Rudy , Semassou Guy Clarence , Ahouansou Roger Houêchéné 
Published: February 2024

The current construction of residential buildings in Benin neglects the importance of thermal insulation of their envelopes. Instead, it relies on active systems as a solution to mitigate over-consumption of electrical energy and guarantee a certain level of thermal comfort inside these buildings. It should be noted that Beninese architects are generally unfamiliar with these thermal aspects.
The main aim of this study is to assess the effects of thermal insulation on walls and roof, determine the optimum thickness of insulating materials, and integrate a controlled mechanical ventilation system to improve thermal comfort in a humid tropical climate. The investigations were carried out on an example of a typical residential building located in Cotonou, Benin, with precise geographical coordinates (latitude 6°38' North, longitude 2°34' East). To analyze the thermal behavior of this building, a series of dynamic thermal simulations were carried out using TRNSYS software, which was used both to model the building structure and to run the various simulations.
The results of this study revealed that thermal insulation of the walls and roof, using polystyrene, significantly reduced the need for air conditioning. What's more, the integration of a controlled mechanical ventilation system not only ensured indoor air quality, but also helped regulate indoor humidity, reducing it from 67% to 76%.
Documentation of Honeybees Flora and Blooming Period in Major Horticultural and Agricultural Crops Growing in Dryland Regions of Northern Karnataka, India
Authors: Hosamani Venkatesh 
Published: February 2024

The goal of the present study was to determine the variety of nectariferous and polleniferous bee flora in the Koppal district of Northern Karnataka in order to enhance the bees' blooming season. When the blooming plants were visited, the honeybees' presence and foraging activity were documented. In a ten-minute interval when at least three honeybees visited the flowers, the plants were identified as bee foraging species. The various plant groupings that worker bees visit, including as fruit crops, vegetable cops, field crops, plantations, flower and ornamental plants, etc., are included in the identified bee flora. The detected flora was further divided into plants that yielded nectar, pollen, and both. A total of sixty-four crops were identified as forage crops. Of those, the Koppal district had plants that yielded nectar (14), pollen (13), and both (36), according to documentation. The major dearth times were discovered to be mid-April to mid-June, whereas the honey flow seasons were determined to be mid-December to mid-February and mid-July to mid-September. Based on the flora's availability, utility status, and duration of flowering, a floral calendar was established for the study area. The listed species (Syzygium, Cassia, Citrus, Pongamia, Azadirachta, Brassica, Areca, Cocos, Guizotia, Hilianthus, Albezia, Lagerstroemia, Polinathus, Sapindus, Tecoma) and others are some of the common and significant bee food plants.
Coupled axial–radial segregation in rotating drums with high fill levels
Authors: Kuo H. P. , Shih P. Y. , Hsu R. C. 
Published: April 2006

AbstractAxial segregation and radial segregation within the granular bed in a rotating drum with a fill level > 50% were experimentally investigated. The axial segregated patterns and the radial segregated patterns were coupled within the bed, resulting in observation of new segregated patterns at the plane along the rotational shaft. The segregated patterns are different from the previous axial band and radial core patterns and show coupled new patterns, including the “cross” patterns, the “band‐core‐in‐core” patterns, and other geometric patterns. The new segregation patterns are strong functions of the fill level and the rotational speed of the drum. The formation of the axial–radial coupled patterns was attributed to the fill level, the free flowing surface of the bed. A virtual drum hypothesis is proposed to explain the formation of the complex segregated patterns. © 2006 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2006
Cationic copolymerization behavior of a bicyclic orthoester having hydroxy group with glycidyl phenyl ether and volume change on their copolymerization
Authors: Kume Makoto , Endo Takeshi 
Published: April 2006

AbstractThis article describes cationic ring‐opening copolymerization of a bicyclic orthoester having hydroxy group (BOE‐OH) and glycidyl phenyl ether (GPE), and the volume shrinkage behavior during the copolymerization. THF soluble polyethers [poly(BOE‐OH‐co‐GPE)] were obtained by the copolymerizations at 80–180°C, while crosslinked poly(BOE‐OH‐co‐GPE) was obtained by the copolymerizations at 220–250°C. This crosslinking reaction may originate from the dehydration of methylol groups in the side chain of poly(BOE‐OH‐co‐GPE). The volume shrinkage during the cationic copolymerization reduced as the increase of the BOE‐OH feed ratio. By contrast, the volume shrinkage on the crosslinking polymerization was almost independent on the BOE‐OH feed ratio. Poly(BOE‐OH‐co‐GPE)s with higher BOE‐OH composition showed lower thermal weight loss temperature owing to the release of H2O by dehydration of methylol groups. The BOE‐OH component in the THF soluble poly(BOE‐OH‐co‐GPE)s lowered the glass transition temperature (Tg), while that in the crosslinked poly(BOE‐OH‐co‐GPE) increased the Tg probably because of the higher crosslinking density. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 1356–1361, 2006
Selective inhibition of Rab prenylation by a phosphonocarboxylate analogue of risedronate induces apoptosis, but not S‐phase arrest, in human myeloma cells
Authors: Roelofs Anke J. , Hulley Philippa A. , Meijer Annemieke , Ebetino Frank H. , Russell R. Graham G. , Shipman Claire M. 
Published: April 2006

AbstractBisphosphonates (BPs) are widely used in the treatment of osteolytic bone disease associated with multiple myeloma, and have been demonstrated to exert antitumor effects both in vitro and in vivo. However, the precise molecular mechanisms involved in the direct antitumor effects of BPs in vitro are not known. Nitrogen‐containing BPs, such as risedronate (RIS), act by inhibiting protein prenylation. A phosphonocarboxylate analogue of RIS, 3‐PEHPC, has previously been shown in osteoclasts and macrophages to specifically inhibit prenylation of Rab GTPases. The aim of this study was to identify the molecular targets of RIS and 3‐PEHPC in human myeloma cells and to determine the cellular effects of selective inhibition of Rab prenylation by 3‐PEHPC as compared to nonspecific inhibition of protein prenylation by RIS in human myeloma cells. RIS dose‐dependently inhibited prenylation of both Rap1A and Rab6, whereas 3‐PEHPC only inhibited Rab6 prenylation. Both RIS and 3‐PEHPC dose‐dependently increased apoptosis in human myeloma cells. RIS induced an accumulation of cells in the S‐phase of the cell cycle, associated with inhibition of DNA replication. In contrast, 3‐PEHPC did not cause cell‐cycle arrest. Furthermore, geranylgeraniol could prevent inhibition of prenylation, induction of apoptosis, and cell‐cycle arrest in response to RIS, but not inhibition of Rab prenylation and apoptosis induced by 3‐PEHPC, consistent with specific inhibition of Rab geranylgeranyl transferase by 3‐PEHPC. In conclusion, our studies demonstrate that selective inhibition of Rab prenylation induces apoptosis, but not S‐phase arrest, thus identifying distinct molecular pathways that mediate the antimyeloma effect of nitrogen‐containing BPs. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Differing molecular pathology of pancreatic adenocarcinoma in Egyptian and United States patients
Authors: Soliman Amr S. , Bondy Melissa , Webb Charity Renee , Schottenfeld David , Bonner Joseph , El‐Ghawalby Nabih , Soultan Ahmed , Abdel‐Wahab Mohamed , Fathy Omar , Ebidi Gamal , Zhang Qing , Greenson Joel K. , Abbruzzese James L. , Hamilton Stanley R. 
Published: April 2006

AbstractVariations in genetic mutations in pancreatic carcinoma between different populations have not been studied extensively, especially in developing countries where pancreatic cancer is rare. We studied the molecular pathology of 44 pancreatic carcinomas from patients residing in a heavily polluted region in the Nile River delta and compared the findings with tumors from 44 United States (US) patients. We evaluated K‐ras mutations in codon 12, p53 mutations in exons 5–8, and Gadd45a mutations in exons 1 and 4. Overall, rates of K‐ras, p53 and Gadd45 mutations were not statistically different in tumors of patients from Egypt and the US (67.4 vs. 63.4%; 27.3 vs. 36.4% and 9.1 vs. 4.5%, respectively). However, there were distinct differences in the specific types of K‐ras and p53 mutations between the 2 groups. In K‐ras, G → T transversion mutation was more frequent in the tumors from Egypt than from the US (58.6 vs. 26.9%), whereas G → C transversion was detected in 26.9% of US tumors but none from Egypt (p = 0.003). We also found a trend toward differences in the p53 exons in which mutations occurred, with higher frequency of exon 5 mutation and lower frequency of exon 6 mutation in Egyptian tumors. Logistic regression showed that K‐ras G → T transversion mutations and p53 exon 6 mutations were predicted by the country of residence of the patients. Our study identifies that there are differences in the types of mutations found in tumors from pancreatic carcinoma patients in Egypt and the US, and suggests that environmental factors may explain these differences. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Branched peptide‐amphiphiles as self‐assembling coatings for tissue engineering scaffolds
Authors: Harrington Daniel A. , Cheng Earl Y. , Guler Mustafa O. , Lee Leslie K. , Donovan Jena L. , Claussen Randal C. , Stupp Samuel I. 
Published: April 2006

AbstractAn important challenge in regenerative medicine is the design of suitable bioactive scaffold materials that can act as artificial extracellular matrices. We reported previously on a family of peptide‐amphiphile (PA) molecules that self‐assemble into high‐aspect ratio nanofibers under physiological conditions, and can display bioactive peptide epitopes along each nanofiber's periphery. One type of PA displays its epitope at a branched site using a lysine dendron, a molecular feature that improves epitope availability on the nanofiber surface. In this work, we describe the application of these branched PA (b‐PA) systems as self‐assembling coatings for fiber‐bonded poly(glycolic acid) scaffolds. b‐PAs bearing variations of the RGDS adhesion epitope from fibronectin were shown by elemental analysis to coat repeatably onto fiber scaffolds. The retention of supramolecular organization after coating on the scaffold was demonstrated through spectroscopic identification of β‐sheet structures and the close association of hydrophobic tails in a model pyrene‐containing PA system. Primary human bladder smooth muscle cells demonstrated greater initial adhesion to b‐PA‐functionalized scaffolds than to bare scaffolds or to those coated with linear PAs. This strategy of molecular design and coating may have potential application in bladder tissue regeneration. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2006
Reduction of anabolic signals and alteration of osteoblast nuclear morphology in microgravity
Authors: Hughes‐Fulford Millie , Rodenacker Karsten , Jütting Uta 
Published: April 2006

AbstractBone loss has been repeatedly documented in astronauts after flight, yet little is known about the mechanism of bone loss in space flight. Osteoblasts were activated during space flight in microgravity (µg) with and without a 1 gravity (1 g) field and 24 genes were analyzed for early induction. Induction of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), transforming growth factor β (TGFβ), cyclo‐oxygenase‐2 (cox‐2), cpla2, osteocalcin (OC), c‐myc, fibroblast growth factor‐2 (fgf‐2), bcl2, bax, and fgf‐2 message as well as FGF‐2 protein were significantly depressed in µg when compared to ground (gr). Artificial onboard gravity normalized the induction of c‐myc, cox‐2, TGFβ, bax, bcl2, and fgf‐2 message as well as FGF‐2 protein synthesis in spaceflight samples. In normal gravity, FGF‐2 induces bcl2 expression; we found that bcl2 expression was significantly reduced in microgravity conditions. Since nuclear shape is known to elongate in the absence of mitogens like FGF‐2, we used high‐resolution image‐based morphometry to characterize changes in osteoblast nuclear architecture under microgravity, 1 g flight, and ground conditions. Besides changes in cell shape (roundish/elliptic), other high‐resolution analyses show clear influences of gravity on the inner nuclear structure. These changes occur in the texture, arrangement, and contrast of nuclear particles and mathematical modeling defines the single cell classification of the osteoblasts. Changes in nuclear structure were evident as early as 24 h after exposure to microgravity. This documented alteration in nuclear architecture may be a direct result of decreased expression of autocrine and cell cycle genes, suggesting an inhibition of anabolic response in µg. Life on this planet has evolved in a normal gravity field and these data suggest that gravity plays a significant role in regulation of osteoblast transcription. J. Cell. Biochem. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Serum and glucocorticoid‐regulated protein kinases: Variations on a theme
Authors: Tessier Maude , Woodgett James R. 
Published: April 2006

AbstractThe phosphatidylinositol 3′ kinase (PI3K)‐signaling pathway plays a critical role in a variety of cellular responses such as modulation of cell survival, glucose homeostasis, cell division, and cell growth. PI3K generates important lipid second messengers—phosphatidylinositides that are phosphorylated at the 3′ position of their inositol ring head‐group. These membrane restricted lipids act by binding with high affinity to specific protein domains such as the pleckstrin homology (PH) domain. Effectors of PI3K include molecules that harbor such domains such as phosphoinositide‐dependent kinase (PDK1) and protein kinase B (PKB), also termed Akt. The mammalian genome encodes three different PKB genes (α, β, and γ; Akt1, 2, and 3, respectively) and each is an attractive target for therapeutic intervention in diseases such as glioblastoma and breast cancer. A second family of three protein kinases, termed serum and glucocorticoid‐regulated protein kinases (SGKs), is structurally related to the PKB family including regulation by PI3K but lack a PH domain. However, in addition to PH domains, a second class of 3′ phosphorylated inositol phospholipid‐binding domains exists that is termed Phox homology (PX) domain: this domain is found in one of the SGKs (SGK3). Here, we summarize knowledge of the three SGK isoforms and compare and contrast them to PKB with respect to their possible importance in cellular regulation and potential as therapeutic targets. J. Cell. Biochem. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Regulatory processes affecting androgen receptor expression, stability, and function: Potential targets to treat hormone‐refractory prostate cancer
Authors: Reddy G. Prem Veer , Barrack Evelyn R. , Dou Q. Ping , Menon Mani , Pelley Ronald , Sarkar Fazlul H. , Sheng Shijie 
Published: April 2006

AbstractProstate cancer cells rely on androgen receptor (AR) for proliferation and survival. Therefore, curing prostate cancer will require elimination of AR. Although androgen is the natural ligand that activates AR, AR activity is also subject to regulation by growth factor/growth factor receptor‐stimulated signaling pathways that control the cell cycle. Cell cycle regulatory proteins and protein kinases in signaling pathways affected by growth factors can lead to AR activation in the absence of androgen. While downstream signaling proteins such as cyclins, cyclin‐dependent kinases (CDKs), and pRB can modulate AR activity, upstream signaling pathways involving protein kinases such as mitogen‐activated protein kinases, protein kinase A, and protein kinase B/Akt can affect post‐translational modification of AR to affect not only AR function but also AR stability. Calcium and calmodulin (CaM), essential for proliferation and viability of a number of cells, including prostate cancer cells, play an important role in AR expression, stability, and function. CaM affects AR partly by interacting directly with AR and partly by activating protein kinases such as Akt and DNA‐PK that can phosphorylate AR. The ubiquitin/26S proteasome pathway responsible for timely destruction of cell cycle regulatory proteins whose levels impede cell cycle progression also induces AR expression by activating NF‐κB, and promotes AR activity by participating in the assembly of an AR transcription complex. Maspin, a serine protease inhibitor that is known mostly for its role as a tumor suppressor can also regulate AR intracellular localization and function by competing with AR for binding to the chaperone protein Hsp90 and co‐repressor HDAC1, respectively. This perspective reviews the experimental evidence implicating these diverse cellular processes in AR expression, stability, and/or function, and presents a rationale for disrupting these cellular processes as a viable option for the treatment of both the hormone‐sensitive and the hormone‐insensitive prostate cancer. J. Cell. Biochem. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Determination of electronic energy levels for the heteromolecular ions HeH2+, LiH3+, and BeH4+ from the Hamilton–Jacobi equation
Authors: Campos J. A. , Nascimento D. L. , Cavalcante D. T. , Fonseca A. L. A. , Nunes A. O. C. 
Published: April 2006

AbstractBy making use of the Hamilton–Jacobi equation, we obtain the exact value of the electronic energy levels for the heteromolecular ions HeH2+, LiH3+, and BeH4+ as a function of nuclear distance. The Hylleraas method in association with the series established by Wind–Jaffé was applied to these molecular ions. The results are in good agreement with those found in the literature. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2006