bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The predictive ability of ABSI compared to BMI for mortality and frailty among older adults
Authors: Shafran Itamar , Krakauer Nir Y. , Krakauer Jesse C. , Goshen Abigail , Gerber Yariv 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionTo study the utility of A Body Shape Index (ABSI) alongside body mass index (BMI) to predict mortality and frailty in an aging community population.Materials and methodsParticipants (n = 1,580) were drawn from the first Israeli national health and nutrition survey of older adults (“Mabat Zahav”) conducted from 2005 to 2006, constituting adults aged ≥65 years. Socio-demographic, clinical, behavioral, and psychosocial data were collected. Baseline weight, height, and waist circumference (WC) were measured and expressed as the allometric indices BMI (kg/m2) and ABSI, a BMI-independent measure of abdominal obesity [WC/(BMI2/3*m1/2)]. Mortality follow-up lasted through 2019. Frailty was assessed in 2017–2019 by the Fried Biological Phenotype in a sub-cohort of 554 survivors. Cox and logistic regression models assessed associations of BMI and ABSI with mortality and frailty.ResultsAt baseline, mean [SD] age was 74.5 [6.1] years, and 52.4% were women. The correlation between BMI and WC Z scores was 0.71, reduced to −0.11 for BMI and ABSI. Over a median follow-up of 13 years, 757 deaths occurred. The multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (95% CIs) for mortality per standard deviation increase in BMI and ABSI were 1.07 (0.99;1.17) and 1.13 (1.05;1.21), respectively. Among participants assessed for frailty, 77 (14%) met the frailty criteria. After multivariable adjustment, the odds ratios (95% CIs) for frailty were 0.83 (0.69–1.01) for BMI and 1.55 (1.34–1.79) for ABSI.DiscussionIn a nationwide cohort of older adults, ABSI was independently associated with mortality risk. Furthermore, ABSI, but not BMI, was a strong predictor of frailty.
Reflections of well-being: navigating body image, chronic energy deficiency, and nutritional intake among urban and rural adolescents
Authors: Yulia Cica , Rosdiana Delita Septia , Muktiarni M. , Sari Desyane Ramadhina 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundAdolescent growth and development is a period of very specific nutritional problems. As a result of poor growth and development, 36.3% of adolescents in Indonesia are at risk of developing CED. The purpose of this study was to determine the description of body image, the incidence of Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED), and nutritional intake in adolescents in urban and rural areas.MethodsThis study used a descriptive quantitative design with a cross-sectional study conducted in Bandung and Sumedang on 387 adolescents aged 13–15 years. The instruments used in this study were body image questionnaire Figure Rating Scale (FRS) method, 2 × 24-h food recall, and anthropometry for Measuring mid upper arm circumference (MUAC).ResultsResults of this study showed that more than half of adolescents in urban (54.0%) and rural areas (61.7%) were at risk of CED, had negative body image perceptions in urban (69.1%) and rural areas (62.3%), and underconsumption of macronutrients in both urban and rural adolescents.ConclusionMost adolescents in urban and rural areas still consume less energy, carbohydrates, and protein. Perceived body image and nutrient intake contribute to the incidence of CED in adolescents.
The expression of PKM1 and PKM2 in developing, benign, and cancerous prostatic tissues
Authors: Li Lin , Cheng Siyuan , Yeh Yunshin , Shi Yingli , Henderson Nikayla , Price David , Gu Xin , Yu Xiuping 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundNeuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPCa) is the most aggressive type of prostate cancer (PCa). However, energy metabolism, one of the hallmarks of cancer, in NEPCa has not been well studied. Pyruvate kinase M (PKM), which catalyzes the final step of glycolysis, has two main splicing isoforms, PKM1 and PKM2. The expression pattern of PKM1 and PKM2 in NEPCa remains unknown.MethodsIn this study, we used immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence staining, and bioinformatics analysis to examine the expression of PKM1 and PKM2 in mouse and human prostatic tissues.ResultsWe found that PKM2 was the predominant isoform expressed throughout prostate development and PCa progression, with slightly reduced expression in murine NEPCa. PKM1 was mostly expressed in stromal cells but low-level PKM1 was also detected in prostate basal epithelial cells. Its expression was absent in the majority of prostate adenocarcinoma (AdPCa) specimens but present in a subset of NEPCa. Additionally, we evaluated the mRNA levels of ten PKM isoforms that express exon 9 (PKM1-like) or exon 10 (PKM2-like). Some of these isoforms showed notable expression levels in PCa cell lines and human PCa specimens.DiscussionOur study characterized the expression pattern of PKM1 and PKM2 in prostatic tissues including developing, benign, and cancerous prostate. These findings lay the groundwork for understanding the metabolic changes in different PCa subtypes.
Pathogenic role of super-enhancers as potential therapeutic targets in lung cancer
Authors: Yao Zhiyuan , Song Peng , Jiao Wenjie 
Published: April 2024

Lung cancer is still one of the deadliest malignancies today, and most patients with advanced lung cancer pass away from disease progression that is uncontrollable by medications. Super-enhancers (SEs) are large clusters of enhancers in the genome’s non-coding sequences that actively trigger transcription. Although SEs have just been identified over the past 10 years, their intricate structure and crucial role in determining cell identity and promoting tumorigenesis and progression are increasingly coming to light. Here, we review the structural composition of SEs, the auto-regulatory circuits, the control mechanisms of downstream genes and pathways, and the characterization of subgroups classified according to SEs in lung cancer. Additionally, we discuss the therapeutic targets, several small-molecule inhibitors, and available treatment options for SEs in lung cancer. Combination therapies have demonstrated considerable advantages in preclinical models, and we anticipate that these drugs will soon enter clinical studies and benefit patients.
New-onset psychosis following COVID-19 vaccination: a systematic review
Authors: Lazareva Marija , Renemane Lubova , Vrublevska Jelena , Rancans Elmars 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundThe emergence of a new coronavirus strain caused the COVID-19 pandemic. While vaccines effectively control the infection, it’s important to acknowledge the potential for side effects, including rare cases like psychosis, which may increase with the rising number of vaccinations.ObjectivesOur systematic review aimed to examine cases of new-onset psychosis following COVID-19 vaccination.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review of case reports and case series on new-onset psychosis following COVID-19 vaccination from December 1st, 2019, to November 21st, 2023, using PubMed, MEDLINE, ClinicalKey, and ScienceDirect. Data extraction covered study and participant characteristics, comorbidities, COVID-19 vaccine details, and clinical features. The Joanna Briggs Institute quality assessment tools were employed for included studies, revealing no significant publication bias.ResultsA total of 21 articles described 24 cases of new-onset psychotic symptoms following COVID-19 vaccination. Of these cases, 54.2% were female, with a mean age of 33.71 ± 12.02 years. Psychiatric events were potentially induced by the mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine in 33.3% of cases, and psychotic symptoms appeared in 25% following the viral vector ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine. The mean onset time was 5.75 ± 8.14 days, mostly reported after the first or second dose. The duration of psychotic symptoms ranged between 1 and 2 months with a mean of 52.48 ± 60.07 days. Blood test abnormalities were noted in 50% of cases, mainly mild to moderate leukocytosis and elevated C-reactive protein. Magnetic resonance imaging results were abnormal in 20.8%, often showing fluid-attenuated inversion recovery hyperintensity in the white matter. Treatment included atypical antipsychotics in 83.3% of cases, typical antipsychotics in 37.5%, benzodiazepines in 50%, 20.8% received steroids, and 25% were prescribed antiepileptic medications. Overall, 50% of patients achieved full recovery.ConclusionStudies on psychiatric side effects post-COVID-19 vaccination are limited, and making conclusions on vaccine advantages or disadvantages is challenging. Vaccination is generally safe, but data suggest a potential link between young age, mRNA, and viral vector vaccines with new-onset psychosis within 7 days post-vaccination. Collecting data on vaccine-related psychiatric effects is crucial for prevention, and an algorithm for monitoring and treating mental health reactions post-vaccination is necessary for comprehensive management.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO, identifier CRD42023446270.
Facial emotion-recognition deficits in patients with schizophrenia and unaffected first-degree relatives
Authors: Bae Minjae , Cho Jihyun , Won Seunghee 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionThis study aimed to determine trait- and state-dependent markers of schizophrenia by investigating facial emotion-recognition (FER) deficits in remitted patients with schizophrenia and their first-degree relatives (FR).MethodsThree groups were included: the Schizophrenia group (n=66), their unaffected FR group (n=40), and healthy controls (n=50) who were matched for age, sex, and years of education. A facial-labeling task was used to examine FER deficits using the following eight standardized expressions: happy, fearful, disgusted, angry, sad, contemptuous, surprised, and neutral.ResultsThere was a poorer accuracy in the recognition of sadness and anger in the Schizophrenia group as well as in contempt in both the Schizophrenia and FR groups compared with healthy controls. The response times for the recognition of contempt, sadness, and neutral emotion were delayed in the Schizophrenia group and those for fear were delayed in the Schizophrenia and FR groups compared with healthy controls.ConclusionConcerning the accuracy in FER, sadness and anger can be considered state-dependent markers of remitted schizophrenia, and contempt is a trait-dependent marker of schizophrenia. Similarly, for response times in FER, contempt, sadness, and neutral emotion can be considered state-dependent markers of remitted schizophrenia, while fear is considered a trait-dependent marker of schizophrenia. These findings may contribute to the early diagnosis of schizophrenia and the development of relevant therapeutic interventions.
Sense of neighborhood belonging and health: geographic, racial, and socioeconomic variation in Wisconsin
Authors: Clark Joseph A. , Engelman Michal , Schultz Amy A. , Bersch Andrew J. , Malecki Kristen 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundIndividuals’ sense of belonging (SoB) to their neighborhood is an understudied psychosocial factor that may influence the association between neighborhood characteristics, health, and disparities across socio-demographic groups.MethodsUsing 2014–2016 data from the Survey of the Health of Wisconsin (SHOW, N = 1,706), we conduct a detailed analysis of SoB and health in an American context. We construct OLS and logistic regressions estimating belonging’s association with general, physical, and mental health. We explore geographic, racial, and socioeconomic variation to understand both the differential distribution of SoB and its heterogeneous relationship with health.ResultsA higher SoB is positively associated with better physical, mental, and general health. White participants report higher SoB than Black participants, yet the association between SoB and mental health is strongest among participants of color and urban residents.ConclusionSense of belonging to neighborhood significantly predicts many facets of health, with place and individual characteristics appearing to moderate this relationship. Racial, geographic, and socioeconomic disparities in belonging-health associations raise important questions about who benefits from the social, economic, and physical aspects of local communities.
From art to health action: lessons from a community-based, culturally tailored arts-meets-health educational campaign in Hispanic communities
Authors: Urich Thomas J. , Lee Woori , Po Justine , Bookstein Arthur , Barahona Rosa , Baezconde-Garbanati Lourdes 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionRobust digital and community-led approaches are needed to combat health misinformation, as highlighted by the COVID-19 pandemic. Such gaps in public health outreach, compounded by systemic health barriers, contributed to higher rates of COVID-19 infection, mortality, and mental health effects among Hispanics during the peak of the pandemic. Thus, we conducted a community-based art-meets-health intervention [Stay Connected Los Angeles (SCLA)] to address the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic in Hispanic communities.MethodsLed by local artists in collaboration with public health specialists and community members, SCLA used multimedia to promote infection mitigation behaviors and psychological well-being among the 120,000 residents of Eastern Los Angeles. Campaign materials were designed with input from community representatives and included digital media, large-scale murals, and comic-book style pieces. Two semi-structured focus groups (one in English and another in Spanish) were conducted to solicit participants’ views on attributes of the campaign. Independent coders analyzed transcripts and applied thematic analysis to summarize key learnings regarding central health and mitigation messages, media modalities, how health information would be communicated, and the ideal spokespersons for delivering health-related messages.ResultsFocus group participants emphasized the effectiveness of social media, GIFs, and references to popular media. Further, youth involvement in the creative process was deemed to be important. Participants highlighted the need for clarity in public health messaging and adaptation of visual campaigns to the preferences of diverse age groups through different art styles. Finally, community leaders were found to be critical health information sources.DiscussionAs a model of a culturally tailored arts-meets health public education campaign, SCLA yielded valuable information on how to structure future public health messaging and media to create a meaningful improvement in health knowledge, mental well-being, and compliance with mitigation behaviors in communities that are often overlooked. Contributions from local artists can heighten appeal and acceptability of messages.
Biocidal activity of Ziziphora hispanica L and Satureja calamintha Scheele L essential oils against the Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius) pest on cowpea seeds during storage
Authors: Baghouz Asmae , Bouchelta Yassir , Es-safi Imane , El Brahimi Rajae , Imtara Hamada , AlZain Mashail N. , Noman Omer M. , Shahat Abdelaaty A. , Guemmouh Raja 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionThe post-harvest period of cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L) Walp] is marked by substantial losses due to the insect pest Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius). The primary goal of the current study is to identify environmentally appropriate substitutes for synthetic pesticides in the management of stored seed pests. Thus, in a laboratory setting, the insecticidal activity of essential oils (EOs) from Ziziphora hispanica and Satureja calamintha against the cowpea weevil C. maculatus was assessed.MethodsThe fumigant effects of these two EOs were tested with concentrations (4, 8, 12, 16, and 20 μL L−1 of air per 10 g of cowpea seeds) on four biological parameters of C. maculatus: adult mortality, fecundity, fertility, and adult emergence, while concentrations of 4, 12, 16, and 20 μL/cm2 of air were used for the repulsion test.Results and discussionThe fumigant effects of these two EOs were tested with concentrations (4, 8, 12, 16, and 20 μL L−1 of air per 10  g of cowpea seeds) on four biological parameters of C. maculatus: adult mortality, fecundity, fertility, and adult emergence, while concentrations of 4, 12, 16, and 20  μL/cm2 of air were used for the repulsion test. The results of fumigation tests showed a remarkable efficacy of both essential oils against adult C. maculatus after 24  h of exposure. Z. hispanica EO yielded a mortality rate of 80 ± 20%, with an LC50 of 2.77 μL L−1 for males and 66.66 ± 11.54% with an LC50 of 3.57  μL L-1 for females at 4 μL L−1 of air. However, the S. calamintha EO resulted in a mortality rate of 100% for males and 86.66 ± 23.09% with an LC50 of 2.17  μL L−1 for females at low doses. The fecundity was 1.33 ±  0.57 eggs per female. In contrast, this parameter was absent with S. calamintha EO at the low dose, while fertility and emerging adults were missing for both EOs. Furthermore, both EOs showed highly repellent activity towards C. maculatus adults, with 81.66% for Z. hispanica and 91.67% for S. calamintha EO. According to the results of the GC–MS analysis, the primary components of Z. hispanica EO were found to be pulegone (28.17%), alpha-naphtonitrite (10.77%), and 3-(3-thienyl) pro-2-enoic acid (10.62%). Similarly, the main constituents of S. calamintha EO were pulegone (21.48%), piperitenone oxide (17.71%), and eucalyptol (11.99%). Hence, these substances are regarded as the volatile compounds accountable for controlling C. maculatus activities. The study reports that Z. hispanica and S. calamintha show promising fumigant and repellent efficacy and offer new avenues for their potential use as an alternative to synthetic pesticides against stored seed pests.
Examining underutilized jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) seeds as a potential source of human subsistence in the Byse community, India
Authors: Manianga Amabile , Ekuban Charles A. A. , Lukambagire Isaac , Bose Chinchu , Sabarinath S. 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionThe seeds of jackfruit are often overlooked and discarded globally, leading to the underutilization of this valuable resource. This study explored the potential of utilizing underutilized jackfruit seeds as an alternative source of human subsistence by investigating the availability of jackfruit, the utilization and underutilization of seeds at the household level, and the types of subsistence activities in the community.MethodsWe used a case study of Byse village in Karnataka, India, to understand this topic. A mixed research approach was used. First, a descriptive research design was employed to collect and describe the data, while a correlation design was used to examine the relationships among variables related to jackfruit seed utilization. Second, a bibliometric analysis was conducted to explore global trends in jackfruit seed utilization.Results and DiscussionThe findings indicated that agriculture, particularly arecanut farming followed by paddy rice cultivation, was the primary means of subsistence in the community. While human consumption of jackfruit seeds is statistically significant, it has a detrimental effect on seed utilization in the community (r = −0.295, p = 0.008). The study also revealed that consuming jackfruit seeds in a semidry form had a positive and significant influence (r = 0.345, p = 0.002) compared to eating them in a fresh form. Consequently, more focus could be placed on encouraging the consumption of semidry jackfruit seeds as a preferred option among residents. Despite the abundance of jackfruits, their seeds are rarely used, with a mean utilization score of 1.77. Since jackfruit seeds are limited in their application and are readily available, they could be utilized as an alternative source for sustainable human subsistence. sustainable human subsistence.
La notion d’orientation dans l’enseignement secondaire. Analyse historique des critères proposés dans les textes officiels
Authors: Isambert-Jamati Viviane 
Published: April 2024

En désignant son public propre, l’enseignement secondaire définit ses critères d’orientation. Les textes officiels montrent
le second degré, puis en son sein, est éminemment un fait social, reconnu et accepté comme tel par les pouvoirs publics. C’est pourtant un fait social dont la signification n’est pas constante depuis la fin de l’Ancien Régime. Privilège exceptionnel, correspondant le plus souvent à une heureuse naissance et aux «talents» qui l’accompagnent sans peine, jusqu’à la première guerre mondiale, il va devenir dans les années 20 le viatique nécessaire pour une fraction un peu plus importante de la population, que l’on appellera les plus aptes, avec l’intention d’être parfaitement égalitaire. Plus récemment, non seulement les premières années du second degré sont indispensables pour presque tous, afin que l’économie trouve les capacités requises par le niveau technologique atteint, mais le passage par cet enseignement est l’occasion de prospecter systématiquement les réserves d’aptitudes, afin de retenir pour une longue formation, elle aussi devenue beaucoup plus souvent nécessaire, ceux qui se révèlent les meilleurs. Ainsi les critères de choix pour les lycées et collèges, si souvent liés dans les textes aux dons intellectuels et à la nature des études, subissent en réalité des glissements successifs à mesure que ces études changent de fonction.
Le désir professionnel chez l’enfant (Vocations et névroses).
Authors: Mâle Pierre 
Published: April 2024

Le désir d'un métier, exprimé par l’enfant après la phase de jeu et de fascination immédiate des premières années, nous introduit très directement dans l'organisation même de la personnalité et dans ses conflits dominants. C'est donc là un «symptôme» plus ou moins significatif que nous retrouvons à l'occasion de nos examens chez les enfants présentant de petits troubles du caractère, du comportement, de la scolarité, d'inégale gravité, ou à l’occasion d’une orientation ou d’un examen scolaire.
A travers le désir professionnel, en dehors de toute induction familiale, apparaissent souvent des composantes régressives qui nous paraissent être le reliquat de pulsions anciennes vécues, insatisfaites, marquant des perturbations précoces de la relation maternelle.
L'angoisse de morcellement, l’agressivité profonde orale impliquent parfois des orientations étranges, ceci en-dehors de toute pression familiale, telles que par exemple le métier de boucher.
La permanence de ce que Freud appelle la scène primitive (représentation sadique du coït) développe des aspects voyeuristes souvent d'ailleurs culpabilisés suivant le développement même de la personnalité de l’enfant : photographie, observation précoce de la nature. L’angoisse de ce qui est caché, insaisissable ou dangereux, apparaît souvent dans des aspirations policières ou d’une façon déjà plus sublimée dans l'exploration, l’archéologie, le goût des fouilles, de la collection. Mais bien souvent la pression venant du milieu familial, du milieu social, de l’école mal supportée, amène à un phantasme de vie protégée (vie à la campagne, soins aux animaux, souhait d'être forestier, vétérinaire). Il s’agit d’échapper aux pressions les plus anciennes.
Dans ce même cadre la vocation réparatrice apparaît souvent chez les filles ayant vécu un passé abandon-nique, frustré, et qui semblent le compenser en étant