bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term persistence to onabotulinumtoxinA to prevent chronic migraine: results from 11 years of patient data from a tertiary headache center
Authors: Moskatel Leon S , Graber-Naidich Anna , He Zihuai , Zhang Niushen 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objective
To determine if patients with chronic migraine continue onabotulinumtoxinA (onabotA) long-term.

Methods
We performed a retrospective cohort analysis using aggregated, de-identified patient data from the Stanford Headache Center. We included patients in California who received at least one prescription for onabotA during the years of 2011–2021. The primary outcome was the number of onabotA treatments each patient received. Secondary outcomes included sex, age, race, ethnicity, body mass index (BMI), distance to the treatment facility, and zip code income quartile.

Results
A total of 1551 patients received a mean of 7.60 ± 7.26 treatments and a median of 5 treatments, with 16.2% of patients receiving only one treatment and 10.6% receiving at least 19. Time-to-event survival analysis suggested 26.0% of patients would complete at least 29 treatments if able. Younger age and female sex were associated with statistically significant differences between quartile groups of number of onabotA treatments (P = .007, P = .015). BMI, distance to treatment facility, and zip code income quartile were not statistically significantly different between quartile groups (P &gt; .500 for all). Prescriptions of both triptans and non-onabotA preventive medications showed a statistically significant increase with each higher quartile of number of onabotA treatments (P &lt; .001; P &lt; .001).

Discussion
We show long-term persistence to onabotA is high and that distance to treatment facility and income are not factors in continuation. Our work also demonstrates that as patients continue onabotA over time, there may be an increased need for adjunctive or alternative treatments.
Bond Price Fragility and the Structure of the Mutual Fund Industry
Authors: Giannetti Mariassunta , Jotikasthira Chotibhak 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We conjecture that mutual funds with large shares of outstanding bond issues are more inclined to internalize the negative price spillovers of fire sales and thus sell their holdings in those issues, to a lower extent, when they experience redemptions. We provide evidence consistent with this conjecture and further show that ownership concentration limits bonds’ exposures to flow-induced fire sales. We exploit variation in negative spillovers arising from the Fed’s SMCCF to confirm the economic mechanism and explore our findings’ implications for fund performance and fire-sale spillovers to other funds.
Unveiling the distinctive ossification patterns of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis and ankylosing spondylitis using computed tomography three-dimensional reconstruction
Authors: Liao Simin , Zhu Jian , Cheng Liuquan , Zhao Zheng , Ji Xiaojian , Zhang Jianglin , Huang Feng 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objective
To quantitatively analyse the morphological characteristics of osteophytes in DISH and syndesmophytes in AS, and summarize different ossification patterns to help identify the two diseases. Associated factors for new bone formation would be investigated.

Methods
Fifty patients with DISH and 50 age-, sex-, CT examination site-matched patients with AS were enrolled. Radiographic and clinical data were reviewed. Osteophytes (syndesmophytes) in front of each vertebral body and the corresponding intervertebral disc space were defined as vertebral osteophytes unit (VOU). The volume, angle and location (contralateral, ipsilateral, bilateral) of osteophytes in each VOU were measured and compared between DISH and AS groups.

Results
In each VOU, the volume and angle of osteophytes in DISH were significantly larger. The best osteophytes volume and angle cutoff value in predicting DISH was 0.59 cm3 and 40.15°. Contralateral, bilateral, ipsilateral osteophytes were recorded in 59.32%, 36.38%, 4.3% of assessed VOUs in patients with DISH and 64.78%, 29.31%, 5.91% in AS (P &lt; 0.001), respectively. As to ipsilateral osteophytes, the volume was inversely correlated with the centre of the vertebral body to the centre of the descending aorta (DISH: r = −0.45, P = 0.01; AS: r = −0.83, P &lt; 0.001). Advanced age, disease duration, smoking and overweight contribute to the progression of osteophytes and syndesmophytes.

Conclusion
Morphological features of osteophytes are helpful to distinguish DISH with AS. Aortic pulsations inhibit or hinder new bone formation in both DISH and AS. Maintaining normal BMI could postpone osteophytes formation.
Improvement of high-density lipoprotein atheroprotective properties in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus after belimumab treatment
Authors: Dedemadi Anastasia-Georgia , Gkolfinopoulou Christina , Nikoleri Dimitra , Nikoloudaki Myrto , Ruhanen Hanna , Holopainen Minna , Käkelä Reijo , Christopoulou Georgia , Bournazos Stavros , Constantoulakis Pantelis , Sidiropoulos Prodromos , Bertsias George , Chroni Angeliki 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objective
Chronic inflammatory diseases, like Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), carry an increased risk for atherosclerosis and cardiovascular events, accompanied by impairment of atheroprotective properties of high-density lipoprotein (HDL). In SLE, serum B cell-activating factor (BAFF), a cytokine implicated in disease progression, has been correlated with subclinical atherosclerosis. We investigated the impact of treatment with belimumab -an anti-BAFF monoclonal antibody- on HDL atheroprotective properties and composition in SLE patients.

Methods
Serum samples were collected from 35 SLE patients with active disease despite conventional therapy, before and after 6-month add-on treatment with belimumab, and 26 matched healthy individuals. We measured cholesterol efflux and antioxidant capacities, paraoxonase-1 (PON1) activity, serum amyloid A1 (SAA1), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and lipid peroxidation product levels of HDL. LC-MS/MS was performed to analyse the HDL lipidome.

Results
Following treatment with belimumab, cholesterol efflux and antioxidant capacities of HDL were significantly increased in SLE patients and restored to levels of control subjects. HDL-associated PON1 activity was also increased, whereas lipid peroxidation products were decreased following treatment. HDL cholesterol efflux and antioxidant capacities correlated negatively with the disease activity. Changes were noted in the HDL lipidome of SLE patients following belimumab treatment, as well as between SLE patients and healthy individuals, and specific changes in lipid species correlated with functional parameters of HDL.

Conclusions
HDL of SLE patients with active disease displays impaired atheroprotective properties accompanied by distinct lipidomic signatures compared with controls. Belimumab treatment may improve the HDL atheroprotective properties and modify the HDL lipidomic signature in SLE patients, thus potentially mitigating atherosclerosis development.
Quantitative cross-species comparison of serum albumin binding of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances from five structural classes
Authors: Starnes Hannah M , Jackson Thomas W , Rock Kylie D , Belcher Scott M 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a class of over 8000 chemicals, many of which are persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic to humans, livestock, and wildlife. Serum protein binding affinity is instrumental in understanding PFAS toxicity, yet experimental binding data is limited to only a few PFAS congeners. Previously, we demonstrated the usefulness of a high-throughput, in vitro differential scanning fluorimetry assay for determination of relative binding affinities of human serum albumin for 24 PFAS congeners from 6 chemical classes. In the current study, we used this assay to comparatively examine differences in human, bovine, porcine, and rat serum albumin binding of 8 structurally informative PFAS congeners from 5 chemical classes. With the exception of the fluorotelomer alcohol 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorooctanol (6:2 FTOH), each PFAS congener bound by human serum albumin was also bound by bovine, porcine, and rat serum albumin. The critical role of the charged functional headgroup in albumin binding was supported by the inability of albumin of each species tested to bind 6:2 FTOH. Significant interspecies differences in serum albumin binding affinities were identified for each of the bound PFAS congeners. Relative to human albumin, perfluoroalkyl carboxylic and sulfonic acids were bound with greater affinity by porcine and rat serum albumin, and the perfluoroalkyl ether acid congener bound with lower affinity to porcine and bovine serum albumin. These comparative affinity data for PFAS binding by serum albumin from human, experimental model, and livestock species reduce critical interspecies uncertainty and improve accuracy of predictive bioaccumulation and toxicity assessments for PFAS.
Marfan syndrome
Authors: Spencer Michelle 
Published: March 2024

Abstract:
This article provides a comprehensive review of Marfan Syndrome (MFS), covering its epidemiology, etiology, clinical presentations, diagnostics, complications, and treatment modalities. The Ghent II Nosology of MFS criteria are crucial in MFS diagnosis, guiding clinicians in identifying high-risk patients. Nursing implications underscore the importance of screenings, assessments, and close follow-ups to optimize the continuum of care for individuals with MFS.
Cranial nerve involvement, visual complications and headache syndromes in Lyme disease
Authors: McEntire Caleb R.S. , Chwalisz Bart K. 
Published: March 2024

Purpose of review
To provide a summary of the visual manifestations and cranial neuropathies seen in Lyme disease.

Recent findings
Lyme facial palsy remains the most common manifestation of Lyme neuroborreliosis. Recent investigations show likely evidence of vagal involvement in Lyme disease.

Summary
The literature on Lyme neuroborreliosis continues to evolve. Lyme disease can affect nearly any cranial nerve in addition to causing various headache syndromes. The most common manifestation is Lyme disease facial palsy, occurring in up to 5–10% of patients with documented Lyme disease. Headache syndromes are common in the context of facial palsy but can occur in isolation, and more specific headache syndromes including trigeminal and geniculate neuralgias can occur rarely. Signs and symptoms indicative of vestibulocochlear nerve involvement are relatively common, although it could be that these represent other vestibular involvement rather than a specific cranial neuropathy. Optic neuritis is a controversial entity within Lyme disease and is likely overdiagnosed, but convincing cases do exist. Physicians who see any cranial neuropathy, including optic neuritis, in an endemic area can consider Lyme disease as a possible cause.
State-of-the-Art Hybrid Imaging of Neuroendocrine Neoplasms
Authors: Ambrosini Valentina , Fortunati Emilia , Fanti Stefano , Ursprung Stephan , Asmundo Luigi , O'Shea Aileen , Kako Bashar , Lee Susanna , Furtado Felipe S. , Blake Michael , Goiffon Reece J. , Najmi Zahra , Hesami Mina , Murakami Takaaki , Domachevsky Liran , Catalano Onofrio A. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) may be challenging to diagnose due to their small size and diverse anatomical locations. Hybrid imaging techniques, specifically positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MRI), represent the current state-of-the-art for evaluating NENs. The preferred radiopharmaceuticals for NEN PET imaging are gallium-68 (68Ga) DOTA-peptides, which target somatostatin receptors (SSTR) overexpressed on NEN cells. Clinical applications of [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-peptides PET/CT include diagnosis, staging, prognosis assessment, treatment selection, and response evaluation. Fluorodeoxyglucose-18 (18F-FDG) PET/CT aids in detecting low-SSTR-expressing lesions and helps in patient stratification and treatment planning, particularly in grade 3 neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). New radiopharmaceuticals such as fluorine-labeled SSTR agonists and SSTR antagonists are emerging as alternatives to 68Ga-labeled peptides, offering improved detection rates and favorable biodistribution. The maturing of PET/MRI brings advantages to NEN imaging, including simultaneous acquisition of PET and MRI images, superior soft tissue contrast resolution, and motion correction capabilities. The PET/MRI with [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-peptides has demonstrated higher lesion detection rates and more accurate lesion classification compared to PET/CT. Overall, hybrid imaging offers valuable insights in the diagnosis, staging, and treatment planning of NENs. Further research is needed to refine response assessment criteria and standardize reporting guidelines.
The Impact of Rapid On-site Evaluation on Diagnostic Performance of Computed Tomography–Guided Core Needle Biopsy in Lung Cancer
Authors: Magnini Andrea , Lorini Chiara , Calistri Linda , Calcagni Francesca , Giuntoli Federico , Foxi Prassede , Nardi Cosimo , Colagrande Stefano 
Published: March 2024

Purpose
Rapid on-site-evaluation (ROSE) is a technique aimed at improving the diagnostic performance of computed tomography (CT)–guided core needle biopsy (CNB) in lung cancer. The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the impact of ROSE on the rate of nondiagnostic specimens and on accuracy computed on diagnostic specimens.

Materials and Methods
During a 3-year period, 417 CT-guided CNBs were performed at our center. The biopsies were retrospectively classified into 2 groups: 141 procedures were assisted by ROSE and 276 were not. All of them were reviewed for clinical, procedural, and pathological data. Pathology results were classified as diagnostic (positive or negative for malignancy) or nondiagnostic. The results were compared with the final diagnosis after surgery or clinical follow-up. Nondiagnostic rate, sensitivity/specificity/negative predictive value/positive predictive value for the ROSE and non-ROSE groups were calculated. Finally, procedural complications and the adequacy of the specimens for the molecular analysis were recorded.

Results
The study evaluated 417 CNBs (mean patients' age 71 years, 278 men). Nondiagnostic rates with and without ROSE were 4% (6/142) and 11% (29/276), respectively (P = 0.028). Sensitivity/specificity/negative predictive value/positive predictive value with and without ROSE did not show statistically significant differences, and no difference in major/minor complication rates was observed between the 2 groups. The adequacy of specimen for subsequent molecular analysis was 100% with (42/42) and 82% without ROSE (51/62).

Conclusions
Rapid on-site-evaluation reduced the rate of nondiagnostic specimens by 50% with no change in complication rates or accuracy and increased by 20% the chances of a successful subsequent molecular analysis.
CHRONIC CRITICAL ILLNESS-INDUCED MUSCLE ATROPHY: INSIGHTS FROM A TRAUMA MOUSE MODEL AND POTENTIAL MECHANISM MEDIATED VIA SERUM AMYLOID A
Authors: Lei Mingxing , Feng Taojin , Zhang Mingming , Chang Feifan , Liu Jiang , Sun Baisheng , Chen Ming , Li Yi , Zhang Licheng , Tang Peifu , Yin Pengbin 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Background: Chronic critical illness (CCI), which was characterized by persistent inflammation, immunosuppression, and catabolism syndrome (PICS), often leads to muscle atrophy. Serum amyloid A (SAA), a protein upregulated in critical illness myopathy, may play a crucial role in these processes. However, the effects of SAA on muscle atrophy in PICS require further investigation. This study aims to develop a mouse model of PICS combined with bone trauma to investigate the mechanisms underlying muscle weakness, with a focus on SAA. Methods: Mice were used to examine the effects of PICS after bone trauma on immune response, muscle atrophy, and bone healing. The mice were divided into two groups: a bone trauma group and a bone trauma with cecal ligation and puncture group. Tibia fracture surgery was performed on all mice, and PICS was induced through cecal ligation and puncture surgery in the PICS group. Various assessments were conducted, including weight change analysis, cytokine analysis, hematological analysis, grip strength analysis, histochemical staining, and immunofluorescence staining for SAA. In vitro experiments using C2C12 cells (myoblasts) were also conducted to investigate the role of SAA in muscle atrophy. The effects of inhibiting receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) or JAK2 on SAA-induced muscle atrophy were examined. Bioinformatic analysis was conducted using a dataset from the GEO database to identify differentially expressed genes and construct a coexpression network. Results: Bioinformatic analysis confirmed that SAA was significantly upregulated in muscle tissue of patients with intensive care unit–induced muscle atrophy. The PICS animal models exhibited significant weight loss, spleen enlargement, elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines, and altered hematological profiles. Evaluation of muscle atrophy in the animal models demonstrated decreased muscle mass, grip strength loss, decreased diameter of muscle fibers, and significantly increased expression of SAA. In vitro experiment demonstrated that SAA decreased myotube formation, reduced myotube diameter, and increased the expression of muscle atrophy–related genes. Furthermore, SAA expression was associated with activation of the FOXO signaling pathway, and inhibition of RAGE or JAK2/STAT3-FOXO signaling partially reversed SAA-induced muscle atrophy. Conclusions: This study successfully develops a mouse model that mimics PICS in CCI patients with bone trauma. Serum amyloid A plays a crucial role in muscle atrophy through the JAK2/STAT3-FOXO signaling pathway, and targeting RAGE or JAK2 may hold therapeutic potential in mitigating SAA-induced muscle atrophy.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CIRCULATING IMMUNE CELL PHENOTYPES AND SEPSIS: A MENDELIAN RANDOMIZATION STUDY
Authors: Liu Hongmei , Liu Hai , Zhou Li , Wen Shu , Liu Tiankuang , Ju Linqin , Liu Yiwen 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Objective: The role of immune cells in sepsis remains unclear, and there is some controversy. Here, we aim to systematically assess whether distinct immune cell phenotypes impact the susceptibility to sepsis. Methods: In this study, we harnessed publicly available summary-level data from genome-wide association studies (GWASs). The selection of genetic variations strongly associated with 731 phenotypes of circulating immune cells served as instrumental variables (IVs). Using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis, we investigated the relationships between different immunophenotypes and the occurrence of sepsis, as well as the 28-day mortality. The MR study utilized the inverse variance weighting (IVW) method as the main analytical approach. In addition, we incorporated four other MR methods for supplementary causal inference, including weighted median (WME), MR-Egger regression, simple mode, and weighted mode. Furthermore, the robustness of the results was affirmed through multiple sensitivity analyses. Results: The results of the IVW method indicated that a total of 36 immunophenotypes are associated with the risk of sepsis. We also identified 34 immunophenotypes with a causal association with the 28-day mortality. Interestingly, before multiple testing corrections, 11 immunophenotypes were determined to have consistent causal relationships with both the occurrence of sepsis and the 28-day mortality. Notably, after false discovery rate (FDR) correction, four immunophenotypes were found to be significantly correlated with susceptibility to sepsis: CD45RA− CD4+ %CD4+ (odds ratio [OR], 1.355; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.139~1.611; P < 0.001, P
FDR = 0.192), HLA DR on HLA DR+ NK (OR, 0.818; 95% CI, 0.726~0.922; P = 0.001, P
FDR = 0.192), IgD+ CD24+ %B cell (OR, 0.626; 95% CI, 0.473~0.828; P = 0.001, P
FDR = 0.192), and TD DN (CD4− CD8−) AC (OR, 0.655; 95% CI, 0.510~0.840; P < 0.001, P
FDR = 0.192). Following FDR correction, only one immunophenotype was confirmed to be negatively correlated with the 28-day mortality: CD39 on CD39+ CD8br (OR, 0.820; 95% CI, 0.737~0.912; P < 0.001, P
FDR = 0.184). Conclusion: This study, for the first time, has uncovered indicative evidence of a causal relationship between circulating immune cell phenotypes and varying degrees of sepsis through genetic means. These findings underscore the significance of immune cells in the pathogenesis of sepsis.
Is Time Scheduling Important? An Analysis of Donor Heart Cross-clamp Times During Heart Transplantation
Authors: Gouchoe Doug A. , Ganapathi Asvin M. , Cui Ervin Y. , Henn Matthew C. , Yim Wai Yen , Geng Bingchuan , Whitson Bryan A. , Zhu Hua 
Published: March 2024

Background.
Outcomes in heart transplantation are affected by a variety of variables and patient factors. However, the impact of circadian rhythms, gene expression, and transcription remain underexplored. We thus evaluated the potential role of donor heart cross-clamp times on short-term and long-term outcomes after heart transplantation.

Methods.
A total of 31 713 heart transplants were identified from the United Network for Organ Sharing Database. Patients were first stratified on the basis of time of donor procurement: 12 am to 12 pm or 12 pm to 12 am. To evaluate a possible effect of circadian rhythms, donor time was further divided into 5 groups based on preclinical data: 4 am to 8 am; 8 am to 11 am; 11 am to 5 pm; 5 pm to 10 pm; 10 pm to 4 am. Groups were assessed with comparative statistics. Long-term survival was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier methods and a multivariate Cox proportional hazard model.

Results.
Patients who received hearts recovered between 12 am and 12 pm had significantly higher survival than those who received hearts recovered between 12 pm and 12 am. This survival difference was observed in both unadjusted (P = 0.002) and adjusted analyses (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.93; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.89-0.97; P < 0.001). On unadjusted analysis, the survival difference among the 5 groups was insignificant (P = 0.07). Following adjustment, the periods of 11 am to 5 pm (HR: 1.09, 95% CI, 1.02-1.17; P = 0.012), 5 pm to 10 pm (HR: 1.11; 95% CI, 1.04-1.19; P = 0.002), and 10 pm to 4 am (HR: 1.07; 95% CI, 1.01-1.15; P = 0.034), were all independently associated with increased long-term mortality. Notably, the time of 8 am to 11 am was not associated with a change in survival (HR: 1.04; 95% CI, 0.96-1.14; P = 0.3).

Conclusions.
Given the independent association of donor timing and survival after adjustment in a large national cohort, further investigation into the role of donor circadian rhythm and donor procurement time is warranted in preclinical and clinical studies. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of this observation could potentially lead to the development of effective treatments and donor procurement processes that prepare the organs for transplantation in a better condition.