bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combining molecular therapeutics with radiotherapy for head and neck cancer
Authors: Riesterer Oliver , Milas Luka , Ang K. Kian 
Published: May 2008

AbstractIn the last decade, research focus has shifted to testing rapidly emerging classes of agents that specifically target signaling pathways within tumor cells or microenvironment. Though their effects given as single agents are generally limited, many of these compounds have the capability to sensitize tumors to radiation or cytotoxic drugs. Actively investigated approaches include combining anti‐EGFR agents, bioreductive hypoxic cell toxins, anti‐angiogenesis agents, or inhibitors of multiple signaling pathways with radiotherapy. J. Surg. Oncol. 2008;97:708–711. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Proton radiation therapy for head and neck cancer
Authors: Chan Annie W. , Liebsch Norbert J. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractDue to the close spatial relationship of head and neck and skull base tumors to numerous normal anatomical structures, conventional photon radiation therapy can be associated with significant acute and long‐term treatment‐related toxicities. Superior dose localization properties of proton radiation therapy allow smaller volumes of normal tissues to be irradiated than is feasible with any photon technique. Intensity‐modulated proton therapy (IMPT) is a powerful delivery technique which results in improved dose distribution as compared to that of intensity‐modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). Initial clinical experience with proton radiation therapy in treatment of head and neck and skull base tumors is promising. Prospective multi‐institutional trials are underway to define the role of proton radiation therapy, particularly IMPT, in the treatment of head and neck and skull base tumors. J. Surg. Oncol. 2008;97:697–700. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Rationale for modifying neck dissection
Authors: Givi Babak , Andersen Peter E. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractNeck dissection is one the most commonly performed operations in head and neck surgery. Better understanding of the structure and patterns of lymphatic flow in the neck has transformed this operation into a more selective and less morbid treatment. Rationale for this operation and modifications of it in different clinical scenarios such as node negative, node positive and radiated neck are detailed in this article. Recommendations are made based on the available evidence. J. Surg. Oncol. 2008;97:674–682. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Minimally invasive surgery for thyroid diseases and thyroid cancer
Authors: Dhiman Shamly V. , Inabnet William B. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThis article will review the emergence of minimally invasive thyroidectomy techniques and their applications to thyroid diseases. Minimally invasive surgical techniques for head and neck surgery have recently attracted interest. Furthermore techniques are divided into the mini‐incision open, video‐assisted, and complete endoscopic. Factors that determine the best operative approach include tumor size, histology, the presence of enlarged lymph nodes and evidence of local‐regional invasion. Indications and contraindications for minimally invasive techniques will be discussed. J. Surg. Oncol. 2008;97:665–668. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Staging of head and neck cancers: Is it time to change the balance between the ideal and the practical?
Authors: Patel Snehal G. , Lydiatt William M. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe TNM system is a widely accepted prognostic system worldwide. Limitations in prognostic accuracy are recognized but have remained for fear the remedy would unnecessarily complicate the system. Understanding of the genetic and molecular mechanisms of cancer will allow the gap between the ideal and the practical prognostic system to be closed and the staging system drastically revised to a modular structure. Novel computational technology, which is reliable and reproducible, is likely to provide the basis for such a modular prognostic system. J. Surg. Oncol. 2008;97:653–657. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Inorganic analysis of biological fluids using capillary electrophoresis
Authors: Timerbaev Andrei R. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThis review article focuses on recent advances of CE in determination of inorganic species in biological fluids and covers the years of dedicated research in the field since 2001 when a previous similar review was published [1]. The most productive area, in which CE has distinctively progressed over the review period, encompasses assaying major inorganic anions and cations in blood serum and urine. Other applications include assessing less abundant analytes, e. g., heavy metals or seleno‐compounds, and less abundant body fluids (saliva, sweat, etc.). Special emphasis is placed on developments in CE methodology that comprised modifications of separation and detection hardware and using specific electrolyte modifiers to enhance the resolution of a CE system. Significant progress in the application of in‐line preconcentration methods in order to move CE ahead closer to trace analyte levels is also brought into focus. A series of tables detailing highly developed CE procedures and the analytical figures of merit accomplished are included. Finally discussed are further strategies for the method's expansion in the practice of biomedical and clinical laboratories where CE could likely acquire the status of a benchmark analytical technique.
Methods for the numerical solution of the Benjamin‐Bona‐Mahony‐Burgers equation
Authors: Kadri Tlili , Khiari Noomen , Abidi Faycal , Omrani Khaled 
Published: May 2008

AbstractL∞‐error estimates for finite element for Galerkin solutions for the Benjamin‐Bona‐Mahony‐Burgers (BBMB) equation are considered. A priori bound and the semidiscrete Galerkin scheme are studied using appropriate projections. For fully discrete Galerkin schemes, we consider the backward Euler method and analyze the corresponding error estimates. For a second order accuracy in time, we propose a three‐level backward method. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq, 2008
Outcome of gram negative infection in immunocompromised children
Authors: Adamski Jennifer , Steggall Margaret , Yeoh Kar‐Xian , Sutton Rachel , Makin Guy W.J. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractBackgroundGram negative infection is an important cause of mortality in patients receiving chemotherapy for malignant disease or as conditioning for stem cell transplantation. The risk of infection is thought to be greatest in those patients who are neutropenic and it is routine for these patients to receive broad spectrum antibiotic therapy when febrile. This study evaluates the outcome of gram negative infection in a mixed haematology/oncology population in a single institution.ProcedureAll episodes of laboratory proven gram negative infection in patients receiving chemotherapy between January 2004 and March 2006 were included. A retrospective case‐note based analysis was carried out to identify diagnosis, treatment, neutrophil count at time of infection, antibiotic therapy and clinical outcome.ResultsOne hundred six episodes of gram negative infection in 72 patients were identified. Sixty‐seven percent of these were in patients receiving chemotherapy for malignant disease, 33% were in patients undergoing stem cell transplantation. Overall ICU admission rate was 13% and mortality was 6%. Coliforms, Pseudomonas and Klebsiella were the commonest isolates, and ICU admission and mortality rates were higher with Pseudomonas and Klebsiella infection than coliforms. After stem cell transplantation most episodes of gram negative infection occurred in non‐neutropenic patients, while the reverse was true after chemotherapy.ConclusionGram negative infection remains a significant cause of both ICU admission and mortality. Gram negative infection is largely confined to neutropenic periods after chemotherapy but not after stem cell transplantation. The isolation of Pseudomonas or Klebsiella confers a higher chance of both ICU admission and death. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2008;51:499–503. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Recurrent melanotic neuroectodermal tumor in the orbit successfully treated with resection followed by pediculated periosteal flaps
Authors: Nakanishi Kyoichi , Hori Hiroki , Matsubara Toshio , Matsuda Kazuyuki , Deguchi Takao , Komada Yoshihiro 
Published: May 2008

AbstractMelanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy (MNTI) is a rare tumor arising mainly in the orofacial bones. Among more than 200 cases described in articles, only seven cases involved orbital regions. We present a case of newborn with recurrent MNTI in the lateral wall of right orbit. The patient underwent complete surgical resections at onset and relapse. The bone defects following the second surgery were successfully reconstituted with pediculated periosteal flaps from parietofrontal bones. In this article, we describe clinical course of recurrent MNTI in the orbit and discuss management of the tumor involving the orbit. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2008;51:430–432. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Initial testing of VNP40101M (Cloretazine®) by the pediatric preclinical testing program
Authors: Keir Stephen T. , Morton Christopher L. , Billups Catherine , Smith Malcolm A. , Houghton Peter J. , Gururangan Sridharan 
Published: May 2008

AbstractVNP40101M is a novel alkylating agent that yields two reactive compounds (a chloroethylating species and methylisocyanate) and has demonstrated activity against a wide spectrum of tumor xenografts. VNP40101M was tested against an in vivo panel of five pediatric brain tumor xenografts at a dose of 18 mg/kg/day administered for 5 days. O‐6‐methylguanine‐DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) levels of xenografts were assessed by Western blot analysis. Only one xenograft (GBM2), which lacked detectable MGMT expression, demonstrated an objective response to VNP40101M. VNP4010M antitumor activity was observed only in the absence of MGMT expression, with resistance to VNP4010M seen even with low MGMT expression. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2008;51:439–441. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cardiovascular GO Annotation Initiative Year 1 Report: Why Cardiovascular GO?
Authors: Lovering Ruth C. , Dimmer Emily , Khodiyar Varsha K. , Barrell Daniel G. , Scambler Peter , Hubank Mike , Apweiler Rolf , Talmud Philippa J. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractGene Ontology (GO) vocabularies are an established standard for linking functional information to genes and gene products (www.geneontology.org/). A recent collaboration between University College London and the European Bioinformatics Institute is providing GO annotation to human cardiovascular‐associated genes (http://www.ucl.ac.uk/medicine/cardiovascular‐genetics/geneontology.html). This report outlines the aims of this collaboration and summarizes how the cardiovascular community can help improve the quality and quantity of GO annotations. This new initiative is funded by the British Heart Foundation and fully supported by the GO Consortium.
Light olefins/paraffins sorption in poly(lactic acid) films
Authors: Gonçalves Carla M. B. , Coutinho Joao A. P. , Marrucho Isabel M. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe sorption behavior of small molecules like ethane and ethylene in poly (lactic acid) (PLA) was studied in the temperature interval from 283 to 313 K using a Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM). The effect of the polymer structure on the solubility selectivity of PLA films with respect to these two gases was studied using polymer with two different L:D ratios (98:2 and 80:20). Furthermore, the polymer films were submitted to different thermal treatments to address the influence of crystallinity and morphology of the noncrystalline fraction on the sorption behavior. The sorption results obtained indicate that ethylene solubility coefficient in annealed PLA 98:2 is about 26% higher than that of ethane and 41% higher in PLA 98:2 melted. The dual‐mode sorption model describes well the sorption isotherms behavior, which is concave concerning the pressure axis. The fully amorphous PLA presents the better selectivity for the studied gases, since the crystallinity seems to produce a negative effect on the selectivity. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 46: 1312–1319, 2008
Miscibility and isothermal crystallization behavior of polyamide 6/poly(vinyl alcohol) blend
Authors: Cui Li , Yeh Jen‐Taut , Wang Ke , Fu Qiang 
Published: May 2008

AbstractAn investigation of miscibility and isothermal crystallization behavior of Polyamide 6 (PA6)/Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) blends was conducted. Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR) analysis indicated that the interactions between the carbonyl groups of PA6 and hydroxyl groups of PVA increase as the weight ratios of PA6 to PVA of PA6/PVA specimens increase. This interaction between PA6 and PVA leads to their miscibility in the amorphous region and even some extent effects on their crystal phase, respectively. Further isothermal crystallization behavior of PA6/PVA indicate that the miscibility of PVA in PA6 leading difficulty in crystallization of PA6. Several kinetics equations are employed to describe the effects of PVA on the crystallization properties of PA6 in PA6/PVA blends in detail. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 46: 1360–1368, 2008
Protein–protein docking benchmark version 3.0
Authors: Hwang Howook , Pierce Brian , Mintseris Julian , Janin Joël , Weng Zhiping 
Published: May 2008

AbstractWe present version 3.0 of our publicly available protein–protein docking benchmark. This update includes 40 new test cases, representing a 48% increase from Benchmark 2.0. For all of the new cases, the crystal structures of both binding partners are available. As with Benchmark 2.0, Structural Classification of Proteins (Murzin et al., J Mol Biol 1995;247:536–540) was used to remove redundant test cases. The 124 unbound‐unbound test cases in Benchmark 3.0 are classified into 88 rigid‐body cases, 19 medium‐difficulty cases, and 17 difficult cases, based on the degree of conformational change at the interface upon complex formation. In addition to providing the community with more test cases for evaluating docking methods, the expansion of Benchmark 3.0 will facilitate the development of new algorithms that require a large number of training examples. Benchmark 3.0 is available to the public at http://zlab.bu.edu/benchmark. Proteins 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Direct and indirect impacts of integrated pest management on pesticide use: a case of rice agriculture in Java, Indonesia
Authors: Mariyono Joko 
Published: May 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND: Integrated pest management (IPM) technology has been disseminated since 1989 in Indonesia to cut down pesticide use, but the adoption and diffusion of the technology are still debated. This study aims to estimate the models of demand for pesticides and to analyse the impact of IPM technology on pesticide use. Aggregate cross‐section time series data from 1990–1998 are used.RESULTS: The results show that IPM technology reduces the use of pesticides by improving the process of rice production, such that pesticides are more efficiently used. In this case, the IPM technology is not a pest control technique.CONCLUSION There is an indication that IPM technology has been adopted by farmers. This is evidence that the IPM programme in Indonesia was successful in this area. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
Responses to clomazone and 5‐ketoclomazone by Echinochloa phyllopogon resistant to multiple herbicides in Californian rice fields
Authors: Yasuor Hagai , TenBrook Patti L , Tjeerdema Ronald S , Fischer Albert J 
Published: May 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND: Late watergrass [Echinochloa phyllopogon (Stapf.) Koss.] is a major weed of Californian rice that has evolved P450‐mediated metabolic resistance to multiple herbicides. Resistant (R) populations are also poorly controlled by the recently introduced herbicide clomazone. The authors assessed whether this cross‐resistance was also P450 mediated, and whether R plants also had reduced sensitivity to photooxidation. Understanding mechanism(s) of resistance facilitates the design of herbicide management strategies to delay resistance evolution.RESULTS Ratios (R/S) of R to susceptible (S) GR50 were near 2.0. [14C]Clomazone uptake was similar in R and S plants. Clomazone and its metabolite 5‐ketoclomazone reduced chlorophyll and carotenoids in S more than in R plants. The P450 inhibitors disulfoton and 1‐aminobenzo‐triazole (ABT) safened clomazone in R and S plants. Disulfoton safened 5‐ketoclomazone only in S plants, while ABT synergized 5‐ketoclomazone mostly against S plants. Paraquat was more toxic in S than in R plants.CONCLUSION: Cross‐resistance to clomazone explains failures to control R plants in rice fields, and safening by P450 inhibitors suggests that oxidative activation of clomazone is needed for toxicity to E. phyllopogon. Clomazone resistance requires mitigation of 5‐ketoclomazone toxicity, but P450 detoxification may not significantly confer resistance, as P450 inhibitors poorly synergized 5‐ketoclopmazone in R plants. Responses to paraquat suggest research on mechanisms to mitigate photooxidation in R and S plants is needed. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
Scanning near‐field optical microscopy (SNOM)
Authors: Cricenti A. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe advent of Scanning Near‐field Optical Microscopy (SNOM) has augmented at a microscopic level the usefulness of optical spectroscopy and two‐dimensional imaging of chemical constituents makes this a very attractive and powerful new approach. In this paper we will review various configurations of the SNOM technique and some representative results obtained in material science and on biological samples by means of shear‐force, reflectivity and fluorescence, with a lateral resolution well below the diffraction limit. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Electron affinity of the O2 molecule: CCSD(T) calculations using the optimized virtual orbitals space approach
Authors: Šulka Martin , Pitoňák Michal , Neogrády Pavel , Urban Miroslav 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe electron affinity (EA) of the oxygen molecule is calculated by the CCSD(T) method using the optimized virtual orbitals space (OVOS) technique by which the dimension of the original space of virtual orbitals can be significantly reduced. Extended basis sets, up to the doubly augmented correlation consistent d‐aug‐cc‐pV6Z basis sets for O2 and O at their experimental geometries are used. We demonstrate that even when the space of virtual orbitals is reduced to 50% of the full space, the resulting EA of the O2 molecule is accurate to within 0.01 eV. At the same time, the computational effort is reduced by about an order of magnitude. With OVOS reduced to 60% of the full virtual space, results are almost accurate. Considering the complete basis set limit with so reduced OVOS, corrections for the core correlation, vibrational and relativistic effects, the electron affinity of O2 is 0.452 ± 0.01 eV. This value agrees very well with the full virtual orbital space, EA = 0.446 eV, and with the recent experimental value, EA = 0.448 ± 0.006 eV. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2008
A separable model of N interacting Particles
Authors: Karwowski Jacek 
Published: May 2008

AbstractA separable model of N particles interacting by two‐particle potentials is presented. The interactions between disjoint pairs of particles are described by arbitrary two‐particle potentials which depend on the interparticle distance only. The remaining interactions are described by two‐particle harmonic oscillator potentials. A set of the pair potentials for which the model is quasi‐exactly solvable is derived. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2008
Fault‐tolerant deployment withk‐connectivity and partialk‐connectivity in sensor networks
Authors: Pu Juhua , Xiong Zhang , Lu Xiaofeng 
Published: May 2008

AbstractWireless sensor networks are prone to failure, so prolonging their lifetime and preventing loss of connectivity are significant. A simple but efficient strategy is to place redundant sensor nodes to establish multi‐connectivity. This paper explores how to add as few as possible nodes (called Steiner nodes) to a sensor network such that the resulting network isk‐connected or partiallyk‐connected.k‐connectivity means that each pair of the nodes, whether Steiner or original, is connected by at leastknode‐disjoint paths, while partialk‐connectivity only requires such connectivity among original nodes. The contribution lies in two aspects. First, the approximation ratio of an existingk‐connectivity repair algorithm is decreased fromO(k4α) toO(k3α), whereαis the approximation ratio of any algorithm that finds a minimum‐weightk‐connected spanning subgraph of a weighted complete graph. This is the best result ever obtained. Second, the first generic partialk‐connectivity repair algorithm is proposed. It is proved that the approximation ratio of this algorithm is at mostO(k3α). Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A remote controlled XRF system for field analysis of cultural heritage objects
Authors: Hocquet F.‐P. , Garnir H.‐P. , Marchal A. , Clar M. , Oger C. , Strivay D. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractX‐ray fluorescence (XRF) is a nondestructive, multielemental, fast and cost‐effective analysis technique. It can be applied in a nonvacuum environment directly on the samples without any preparation. As archaeological and historical objects are often unique and may not be easily movable, a mobile XRF detector system allowing in situ analysis is ideally suited for archaeometric applications. A mobile system was designed and built at the IPNAS laboratory to provide such analyses. The system includes an industrial grade x‐ray generator which supplies the primary x‐ray beam, an air‐cooled silicon rift Detector detector (SDD) with a 5‐mm2 active area. The data acquisition system measures the energy and the intensity of the secondary fluorescence x‐rays. The detector signal is amplified and analyzed by a multichannel recorder coupled to a microcomputer running JavaSpectre which visualizes and analyzes spectra obtained from the detector. The detection head, containing the detector, the x‐ray tube and its power supply, are fixed on a movable platform allowing independent vertical and horizontal movement. All displacements are controlled by a hand‐held personal digital assistant (PDA) (Palm) which exchanges data with microcontrollers embedded in the system providing a very precise positioning of the detector over a surface of many square meters. This system control, as well as a typical application of this XRF spectrometer for analyzing pigment composition of a wall painting, will be described. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.