bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feline Myocardial Disease
Authors: Ferasin Luca 
Published: February 2009

Clinical challenges The diagnosis, prognosis and clinical management of feline myocardial disease (cardiomyopathy, CM) represent controversial areas in veterinaty cardiology. Diagnosis is challenging primarily because of the complex classification of feline CM, which is based on a variety of structural and functional phenotypes. Similarly, prognosis is strongly dependent on the underlying aetiology and stage of the disease, which are often unrecognised. These challenges underline the importance of a thonaugh clinical evaluation of the patient and understanding of the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms in order to select the most appropriate treatment and provide the highest standards of care.Patient group Although a genetic predisposition has been demonstrated in some feline pedigrees (ie, Maine Coons, Ragdolls), CM can potentially affect all breeds and different age groups.Audience General practitioners, as well as specialists in small animal medicine, cardiology and pathology, deal with feline CM cases on a regular basis.Diagnostics Diagnosis of feline CM is primarily based on echocardiographic examination. However, even the most sophisticated techniques present important limitations because they do not necessarily identify the primary cause of the disease or recognise the precise origin of an end-stage myocardial disease. Thoracic radiography remains one of the most useful tools for identifying changes consistent with congestive heart failure. Novel diagnostic techniques include cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography and genetic tests.Evidence base Although knowledge of feline CM remains fairly rudimentary, important discoveries have been made in the past few years. Evidence-based studies have significantly improved understanding of genetic predisposition, biomarkers and response to pharmacological treatments. Hopefully, many of the unsolved questions raised in this article will find a definitive answer in the near future.
A stochastic model to quantify the risk of introduction of classical swine fever virus through import of domestic and wild boars
Authors: MARTÍNEZ-LÓPEZ B. , PEREZ A. M. , SÁNCHEZ-VIZCAÍNO J. M. 
Published: February 2009

SUMMARYClassical swine fever (CSF) is a disease of pigs that imposes major hardship on the industry of infected regions. The recent history of CSF epidemics suggests that animal movements remain the main source of CSF virus (CSFV) infection for susceptible populations in Europe. This study presents an assessment of the risk of introducing CSFV into Spain through the importation of live susceptible animals. Results suggest that, if prevailing conditions persist, introduction of CSFV into Spain is likely to occur on average every 9 years and that introduction is almost three times more likely to occur via domestic pigs than through wild boars. The highest risk was concentrated in March and in the Northeastern provinces of Spain. Results were consistent with the time and location of previous CSFV introductions into the country. The methodology and the results presented here will contribute to improve the CSF prevention programme in Spain.
Assessment of familiarity and recollection in the false fame paradigm using a modified process dissociation procedure
Authors: Mayes A. R. , van Eijk R. , Isaac C. L. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractA modified way of administering the process dissociation procedure to the false fame paradigm is described. Multidimensional signal detection theory (SDT) is used to correct for recollection as well as familiarity false alarms, and two experiments are reported that compare this method of false alarm correction with the hybrid procedure preferred by Jacoby et al. (1993). In experiment 1, it is shown that recollection and familiarity are lost at the same rate in normal subjects over a delay of 1 d when an SDT analysis is used. Analysis with the hybrid procedure fails to find any forgetting over the 1-d delay. In experiment 2, amnesics are shown to have preserved familiarity in the face of impaired recollection for names when the results are analyzed by either method. An additional analysis showed that the amnesics' familiarity was normal even for relatively novel surnames. The SDT analysis also revealed that the amnesics, relative to controls, showed a conservative recollection and a liberal familiarity response bias. The results indicate that it is important to correct for recollection as well as familiarity false alarms. (JINS, 1995, I, 469–482.)
Semantic relations and Alzheimer's disease: An early and disproportionate deficit in functional knowledge
Authors: Johnson Marcia K. , Hermann Allison M. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThis experiment explored knowledge of four types of semantic relations (superordinate category, part, property, and function) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) subjects and age- and education-matched controls. Moderate AD subjects showed the greatest disruption on functional relations, intermediate disruption on part and property relations, and the least disruption on category relations; mild AD subjects showed a similar pattern but significant deficits only on functions. We suggest that the disproportionate deficit on functions reflects a greater cognitive complexity of functions than other semantic relations that renders them more vulnerable either to disrupted processing or to structural degradation of the network of associations among semantic concepts. (JINS, 1995, 1, 568–574.)
Management of red cell alloimmunized pregnancies using conventional methods compared with that of middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity
Authors: SAU ASHIS , EL‐MATARY ATEF , NEWTON LYN , WICKRAMARACHCHI D.C. JAGAT 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe aim of this retrospective study was to find out the effect of change in the management of red cell alloimmunized pregnancies from conventional method of amniocentesis to the Doppler assessment of middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity (MCA‐PSV). There were 29 alloimmunized pregnancies affected by red cell antibodies. Ten cases were managed by amniocentesis and another 19 were managed by MCA‐PSV measurements. The antenatal management and perinatal outcome of both groups are presented. This study suggests that the non‐invasive monitoring should be the method of choice to monitor alloimmunized pregnancies.
The novel ischemia marker ‘ischemia‐modified albumin’ is increased in normal pregnancies
Authors: GUVEN SULEYMAN , ALVER AHMET , MENTESE AHMET , ILHAN F. CEYLAN , CALAPOGLU MUSTAFA , UNSAL MESUT A. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe aim of this prospective case‐control study was to determine the change in serum maternal ischemia‐modified albumin (IMA) during normal pregnancies. A total of 117 pregnant (first trimester (n = 24), second trimester (n = 34), and third trimester (n = 35)) and non‐pregnant healthy women (n = 23) were included. Maternal serum IMA, Malondialdehyde (MDA), and albumin levels were measured. Compared with non‐pregnant women, the cross‐sectional mean IMA levels in pregnant women were significantly increased, while the mean serum MDA and albumin levels were significantly decreased throughout pregnancy. Furthermore, a significant negative correlation between serum IMA and albumin levels (r = −0.354, p<0.001) was found, and there was a weak positive correlation between serum albumin and MDA levels (r = 0.334, p<0.001). Serum IMA, which has recently been developed as a clinical marker of ongoing myocardial ischemia, appears to be elevated in normal pregnancy. This may be due to the physiologic oxidative stress state of pregnancy.
Second line platinum‐based intraperitoneal chemotherapy for advanced ovarian cancer
Authors: MILCZEK TOMASZ , KLASA‐MAZURKIEWICZ DAGMARA , EMERICH JANUSZ , KOBIERSKI JULIUSZ 
Published: February 2009

AbstractObjective. To report the results of ovarian cancer treatment, where a regimen of intravenous cyclophosphamide followed by intraperitoneal cisplatin or carboplatin was administered as second line treatment. Design. Retrospective observational study on 198 women with stage I–IV histologically documented epithelial ovarian cancer after one or more prior regimens of chemotherapy. Setting. University tertiary referral clinic, Gdansk, Poland. Methods. The study group was recruited from among 593 ovarian cancer patients treated between January 1996 and December 2006. Conditions of inclusion for intraperitoneal treatment were: relapse or recurrence of disease after surgery followed by first line treatment. Recurrences were confirmed through re‐staging laparotomy or second‐look laparotomy. Patients received 90 mg/m2 cisplatin, or carboplatin AUC 6 intraperitoneally and cyclophosphamide 750 mg/m2 intravenously. Four or six courses were planned for each patient. Main outcome measures. Response to treatment defined as complete or partial response, or progressive disease, and survival rates. Results. There were 67 (34%) with complete and 61 (31%) with partial response, while 69 (35%) developed progressive disease. Median survival from the initiation of intraperitoneal chemotherapy (IP) was 51 months and significantly longer for patients who received four cycles of IP: 78 months vs. 20 months for patients who received six intraperitoneal cycles. Conclusions. IP can be used in second line treatment of ovarian cancer, but six treatment cycles appear associated with worse results compared to four.
Regional metabolic changes in the hippocampus and posterior cingulate area detected with 3-Tesla magnetic resonance spectroscopy in patients with mild cognitive impairment and alzheimer disease
Authors: Wang Zhiqun , Zhao Cheng , Yu Lei , Zhou Weidong , Li Kuncheng 
Published: February 2009

Background: Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) plays an important role in early diagnosis of Alzheimer disease (AD). There are many reports on MRS studies among individuals with AD and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). However, very few studies have compared spectroscopic data of different limbic regions among AD and MCI subjects. Purpose: To compare metabolite changes of different regions in the brain of AD and MCI patients by using 3.0T short-echo-time MRS. Material and Methods: Metabolite ratios in the hippocampus and posterior cingulate area were compared in a group of patients with AD ( n=16), MCI ( n=16), and normal subjects as a control group ( n=16). Clinical neuropsychological tests were measured in all subjects. Results: In the hippocampus, there were significant differences in N-acetylaspartate (NAA)/creatine (Cr), myo-inositol (mI)/Cr, and mI/NAA ratios among the three groups. However, there were no significant differences in choline (Cho)/Cr ratio among the three groups. In the posterior cingulate area, there were no significant differences in the NAA/Cr, Cho/Cr, and mI/Cr ratios among the three groups. However, there were significant differences in mI/NAA ratio between patients with AD and the control group, and between the AD and MCI groups. In addition, there was significant correlation between mI/NAA ratio and Mini Mental Status Exam (MMSE) score in subjects with AD and MCI. Conclusion: The study reveals that the elevation of mI/NAA ratio in the hippocampus is more significant than that in the posterior cingulate area, which corresponds to the pathologic procession of AD. The ratios of mI/NAA in the hippocampus and in the posterior cingulate area together provide valuable discrimination among the three groups (AD, MCI, and controls). There is a significant correlation between mI/NAA ratio and cognitive decline.
Primary three-dimensional analysis with perspective-filet view versus primary two-dimensional analysis: Evaluation of lesion detection by inexperienced readers at computed tomographic colonography in symptomatic patients
Authors: Fisichella V. A. , Jäderling F. , Horvath S. , Stotzer P.-O. , Kilander A. , Hellström M. 
Published: February 2009

Background: “Perspective-filet view” is a novel three-dimensional (3D) viewing technique for computed tomography colonography (CTC). Studies with experienced readers have shown a sensitivity for perspective-filet view similar to that of 2D or 3D endoluminal fly-through in detection of colorectal lesions. It is not known whether perspective-filet view, compared to axial images, improves lesion detection by inexperienced readers. Purpose: To compare primary 3D analysis using perspective-filet view (3D Filet) with primary 2D analysis, as used by inexperienced CTC readers. Secondary aims were to compare lesion detection by 3D Filet when used by experienced and inexperienced readers, and to evaluate the effect of combined 3D Filet + 2D analysis. Material and Methods: Fifty symptomatic patients were prospectively enrolled. An experienced reader performed 3D Filet analysis followed by complete 2D analysis (3D Filet + 2D), before colonoscopy with segmental unblinding. Two inexperienced readers (readers 2 and 3), blinded to CTC and colonoscopy findings, retrospectively performed 3D Filet analysis and, after 5 weeks, 2D analysis. True positives ≥6 mm detected by the inexperienced readers with 3D Filet and/or 2D were combined to obtain 3D Filet + 2D. Results: Colonoscopy revealed 116 lesions: 16 lesions ≥10 mm, 19 lesions 6–9 mm, and 81 lesions ≤5 mm. For the experienced reader, sensitivities for lesions ≥6 mm with 3D Filet and 3D Filet + 2D were 77% and 83%, respectively. For the inexperienced readers, sensitivities for lesions ≥6 mm with 3D Filet and 2D were 51% and 57% (reader 2) and 40% and 43% (reader 3), respectively. There was no significant difference between 3D Filet and 2D regarding sensitivity and reading time. For lesions ≥6 mm, 3D Filet + 2D improved the sensitivity of reader 2 to 63% and of reader 3 to 51%. Conclusion: Lesion detection by inexperienced readers using perspective-filet view is comparable to that obtained by 2D. Lesion detection improves by combining 3D Filet + 2D, but not to the level of an experienced reader.
Outcome after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty of arterial stenosis in renal transplant patients
Authors: Hagen G. , Wadström J. , Magnusson M. , Magnusson A. 
Published: February 2009

Background: Ensuring graft survival in renal transplant patients is of paramount importance. Early detection and treatment of complications such as transplant renal artery stenosis (TRAS) are essential. Purpose: To evaluate the technical and clinical success rate of renal transplant patients with stenosis in the transplant renal artery or in the iliac artery after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA). Material and Methods: PTA was carried out on 24 patients with TRAS or iliac artery stenosis. Altogether, 28 stenoses were treated with PTA. The immediate technical result and the clinical outcomes after 1 and 3 months were assessed as well as clinical adverse events. A reduction in serum creatinine and/or a reduction in the number of antihypertensive drugs were criteria for clinical success. Results: The immediate technical success rate after PTA was 93%. The clinical success rate after 1 month was 58%, increasing to 75% after 3 months. Conclusion: The technical success rate is not equivalent to the clinical success rate when treating TRAS with PTA. Furthermore, there is a delay in clinical response, sometimes of 3 months, after a technically successful PTA.
Quantitative diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging of normal and diseased uterine zones
Authors: Kilickesmez O. , Bayramoglu S. , Inci E. , Cimilli T. , Kayhan A. 
Published: February 2009

Background: Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging has been established as the best imaging modality for the detection, localization, and staging of uterine cancers. Recently, the usefulness of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in the diagnosis of cancers has been reported in several studies. Purpose: To calculate the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of normal uterine zones as well as benign and malignant uterine diseases, and to determine a cut-off ADC value for the quantitative detection of uterine malignancies with DWI. Material and Methods: Eighty-seven patients (mean age 53 years) with 107 benign and malignant uterine pathologies and 50 healthy controls (mean age 38 years) were enrolled in the study. DWI was performed with b factors of 0, 500, and 1000 s/mm2. Results: The ADC values of benign and malignant lesions were compared using Student's t test. The mean and the standard deviation of the ADC values of the control group were as follows: myometrium 1.76±0.19×10−3 mm2/s, junctional zone 0.99±0.18×10−3 mm2/s, endometrium 1.65±0.33×10−3 mm2/s, and cervix 1.71±0.17×10−3 mm2/s. There was a statistically significant difference among the ADC values of normal myometrium and leiomyomas (1.47±0.36×10−3 mm2/s; P<0.009), endometrium and endometrial carcinomas (0.86±0.13×10−3 mm2/s; P<0.001), myometrium-junctional zone and adenomyosis (1.24±0.20×10−3mm2/s; P<0.001), and cervix and cervical carcinomas (0.91±0.14×10−3 mm2/s; P<0.001). The ADC values differed significantly between malignant (0.88±0.11) and benign lesions (1.55±0.33; P<0.01). A cut-off value for malignant lesions of 1.05×10−3 mm2/s yielded a sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 95.83%, 94.55%, and 94.94%, respectively. Conclusion: The present study shows that ADC measurements have the potential to quantitatively differentiate between normal and cancerous tissues of the uterine zones. We propose adding DWI as an adjunct sequence in the MR protocol for the assessment of uterine lesions.
Evaluation of possible prognostic factors of fulminant acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) on magnetic resonance imaging with fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) and diffusion-weighted imaging
Authors: Donmez F. Y. , Aslan H. , Coskun M. 
Published: February 2009

Background: Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) may be a rapidly progressive disease with different clinical outcomes. Purpose: To investigate the radiological findings of fulminant ADEM on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) images, and to correlate these findings with clinical outcome. Material and Methods: Initial and follow-up magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans in eight patients were retrospectively evaluated for distribution of lesions on FLAIR images and presence of hemorrhage or contrast enhancement. DWI of the patients was evaluated as to cytotoxic versus vasogenic edema. The clinical records were analyzed, and MRI results and clinical outcome were correlated. Results: Four of the eight patients died, three had full recovery, and one had residual cortical blindness. The distribution of the hyperintense lesions on FLAIR sequence was as follows: frontal (37.5%), parietal (50%), temporal (37.5%), occipital (62.5%), basal ganglia (50%), pons (37.5%), mesencephalon (37.5%), and cerebellum (50%). Three of the patients who died had brainstem involvement. Two patients had a cytotoxic edema, one of whom died, and the other developed cortical blindness. Six patients had vasogenic edema: three of these patients had a rapid progression to coma and died; three of them recovered. Conclusion: DWI is not always helpful for evaluating the evolution or predicting the outcome of ADEM. However, extension of the lesions, particularly brainstem involvement, may have an influence on the prognosis.
Independent Regulation of Periarteriolar and Perivenular Nitric Oxide Mechanisms in the In Vivo Hamster Cheek Pouch Microvasculature
Authors: KIM DAVID D. , KANETAKA TAKEHITO , DURÁN RICARDO G. , SÁNCHEZ FABIOLA A. , BOHLEN H. GLENN , DURÁN WALTER N. 
Published: February 2009

ABSTRACTObjective: We tested the hypothesis that differential stimulation of nitric oxide (NO) production can be induced in pre‐ and postcapillary segments of the microcirculation in the hamster cheek pouch.Materials and Methods: We applied acetylcholine (ACh) or platelet‐activating factor (PAF) topically and measured perivascular NO concentration ([NO]) with NO‐sensitive microelectrodes in arterioles and venules of the hamster cheek pouch. We also measured NO in cultured coronary endothelial cells (CVEC) after ACh or PAF.Results: ACh increased periarteriolar [NO] significantly in a dose‐dependent manner. ACh at 1 μM increased [NO] from 438.1±43.4 nM at baseline to 647.9±66.3 nM, while 10 μM of ACh increased [NO] from baseline to 1,035.0±59.2 nM (P<0.05). Neither 1 nor 10 μM of ACh changed perivenular [NO] in the hamster cheek pouch. PAF, at 100 nM, increased perivenular [NO] from 326.6±50.8 to 622.8±41.5 nM. Importantly, 100 nM of PAF did not increase periarteriolar [NO]. PAF increased [NO] from 3.6±2.1 to 455.5±19.9 in CVEC, while ACh had no effect.Conclusions: We conclude that NO production can be stimulated in a differential manner in pre‐ and postcapillary segments in the hamster cheek pouch. ACh selectively stimulates the production of NO only in arterioles, while PAF stimulates the production of NO only in venules.
PAnnBuilder: an R package for assembling proteomic annotation data
Authors: Li Hong , Ding Guohui , Xie Lu , Li Yixue 
Published: February 2009

Abstract
Summary: PAnnBuilder is an R package to automatically assemble protein annotation information from public resources to provide uniform annotation data for large-scale proteomic studies. Sixteen public databases have been parsed and 54 annotation packages have been constructed based on R environment or SQLite database. These ready-to-use packages cover most frequently needed protein annotation for three model species including human, mouse and rat. Several extended applications such as annotation based on protein sequence similarity are also provided. Sophisticated users can develop their own packages using PAnnBuilder. PAnnBuilder may become an important tool for proteomic research.
Availability: PAnnBuilder and example annotation packages are freely available from http://www.biosino.org/PAnnBuilder/
Contact: xielu@scbit.org; yxli@sibs.ac.cn
iMembrane: homology-based membrane-insertion of proteins
Authors: Kelm Sebastian , Shi Jiye , Deane Charlotte M. 
Published: February 2009

Abstract
Summary: iMembrane is a homology-based method, which predicts a membrane protein's position within a lipid bilayer. It projects the results of coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations onto any membrane protein structure or sequence provided by the user. iMembrane is simple to use and is currently the only computational method allowing the rapid prediction of a membrane protein's lipid bilayer insertion. Bilayer insertion data are essential in the accurate structural modelling of membrane proteins or the design of drugs that target them.
Availability: http://imembrane.info. iMembrane is available under a non-commercial open-source licence, upon request.
Contact: kelm@stats.ox.ac.uk
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online and at http://www.stats.ox.ac.uk/proteins/resources.