bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Histone deacetylase inhibitors suppress thymidylate synthase gene expression and synergize with the fluoropyrimidines in colon cancer cells
Authors: Fazzone William , Wilson Peter M. , LaBonte Melissa J. , Lenz Heinz‐Josef , Ladner Robert D. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractDespite recent therapeutic advances, the response rates to chemotherapy for patients with metastatic colon cancer remain at ∼50% with the fluoropyrimidine, 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU), continuing to serve as the foundation chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of this disease. Previous studies have demonstrated that overexpression of thymidylate synthase (TS) is a key determinant of resistance to 5‐FU‐based chemotherapy. Therefore, there is a significant need to develop alternative therapeutic strategies to overcome TS‐mediated resistance. In this study, we demonstrate that the histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) vorinostat and LBH589 significantly downregulate TS gene expression in a panel of colon cancer cell lines. Downregulation of TS was independent of p53, p21 and HDAC2 expression and was achievablein vivoas demonstrated by mouse xenograft models. We provide evidence that HDACi treatment leads to a potent transcriptional repression of the TS gene. Combination of the fluoropyrimidines 5‐FU or FUdR with both vorinostat and LBH589 enhanced cell cycle arrest and growth inhibition. Importantly, the downstream effects of TS inhibition were significantly enhanced by this combination including the inhibition of acute TS induction and the enhanced accumulation of the cytotoxic nucleotide intermediate dUTP. These data demonstrate that HDACi repress TS expression at the level of transcription and provides the first evidence suggesting a direct mechanistic link between TS downregulation and the synergistic interaction observed between HDACi and 5‐FU. This study provides rationale for the continued clinical evaluation of HDACi in combination with 5‐FU‐based therapies as a strategy to overcome TS‐mediated resistance. © 2009 UICC
Prediagnostic circulating follicle stimulating hormone concentrations and ovarian cancer risk
Authors: McSorley Meghan A. , Alberg Anthony J. , Allen Diane S. , Allen Naomi E. , Brinton Louise A. , Dorgan Joanne F. , Kaaks Rudolf , Rinaldi Sabina , Helzlsouer Kathy J. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractGonadotropins have been indicted in ovarian carcinogenesis but direct evidence has been limited and inconsistent. The aim of this study was to determine the association between prediagnostic levels of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and subsequent development of invasive epithelial ovarian cancer. A nested case‐control study was conducted using cases and controls drawn from three cohorts: CLUE I and CLUE II of Washington County, MD, and the Island of Guernsey Study, United Kingdom. In total, 67 incident invasive epithelial ovarian cancer cases were each matched to 1 to 2 controls on age, menopausal status, time since last menstrual period, current hormone use and other relevant factors. FSH concentrations were classified into ranked thirds of low, medium or high based on the distribution among controls. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) across increasing thirds of FSH concentrations. Results of the analysis showed that ovarian cancer risk decreased with higher FSH concentrations (p‐trend = 0.005). Compared with the lowest third of FSH concentrations, the OR among those in the middle and highest thirds were 0.45 [95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.20–1.00] and 0.26 (95% CI: 0.10–0.70), respectively. Associations persisted after excluding cases diagnosed within 5 years of follow‐up. In conclusion, a reduction in subsequent risk of invasive epithelial ovarian cancer was observed among women with higher circulating FSH concentrations. These findings contradict the hypothesized role of FSH as a risk factor in ovarian carcinogenesis. © 2009 UICC
Value of ADAMTS13 activity and inhibitor in the postmortem diagnosis of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
Authors: Dwyre Denis M. , Dursteler Bryce , Nashelsky Marcus , Friedman Kenneth D. , Raife Thomas J. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractBackground and Objectives:Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a clinical diagnosis that can be difficult to establish in severely ill patients. We report a case of fulminant TTP in a woman who died before receiving plasma exchange. An autopsy plasma sample was analyzed for ADAMTS13 activity and inhibitor for correlation with the diagnosis of TTP. Recognizing that hemolysis in postmortem blood samples could interfere with ADAMTS13 activity, plasma samples from four additional decedents not suspected of having TTP were analyzed and correlated with their autopsy results. The purpose of this study was to assess whether testing postmortem samples for ADAMTS13 is useful in the postmortem diagnosis of TTP.Material and Methods:Plasma samples from the index case and four non‐TTP decedents were analyzed for ADAMTS13 activity, ADAMTS13 inhibitor levels, and plasma free hemoglobin (PFH). Autopsy tissues were evaluated for evidence of platelet microthrombi in all five cases.Results:The ADAMTS13 activity level in the index patient was <4%, and the inhibitor level was 1.0 inhibitor unit. Microthrombi were prominent in the heart, kidneys, pancreas, and adrenal glands, consistent with the clinical diagnosis of TTP. ADAMTS13 activity levels in the four non‐TTP decedents ranged from 4 to 82% (3/4 ≤ 26%), and inhibitor was present in two of the four samples. Postmortem PFH levels in the four non‐TTP decedents ranged from 64 to 3,917 mg/dL. No microthrombi were observed.Conclusion:Low postmortem ADAMTS13 activity and evidence of inhibitor can occur in decedents without clinical or histologic evidence of TTP. Postmortem ADAMTS13 activity levels may not be valid in establishing a diagnosis of TTP, and high inhibitor levels in this setting may be related to elevated PFH. Caution must be used in the interpretation of ADAMTS13 testing in the presence of hemolysis. J. Clin. Apheresis 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Infection of a malignant appendiceal mucocele masquerading as an appendiceal abscess: Role of preoperative sonography and CT
Authors: Jongsma Thomas E.F. , Puylaert Julien B.C.M. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractWe report the case of a 71‐year‐old lady with a suspected appendiceal abscess in whom preoperative sonography and CT demonstrated an infected appendiceal mucocele. The lesion was surgically removed and final pathologic examination revealed malignancy. Correct recognition of the mucocele prevented a potentially disastrous percutaneous drainage. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2009
Foley catheter entrapment resulting from the formation of a true knot in a female infant: Sonographic findings
Authors: Bagheri M. H. , Nabavizadeh S. A. , Shirazi M. , Farahmand M. , As'adi K. , Mansouri S. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractOne of the rarest complications of bladder Foley catheter insertion is knotting of the catheter. We present a case of Foley entrapment secondary to formation of a true knot at the proximal end of the catheter in a 6‐month‐old female infant who was referred to our center for voiding cystourethrograthy. Sonography of the bladder revealed the knotted catheter in the urinary bladder. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2009
Sonographic features of traumatic neuromas after neck dissection
Authors: Kwak Jin Young , Kim Eun‐Kyung , Kim Min Jung , Son Eunju 
Published: February 2009

AbstractPurpose.To evaluate the sonographic features of traumatic neuromas after neck dissection.Methods.This study included 8 patients whose ages ranged from 36–69 years (mean, 49 years). In all cases, traumatic neuromas were incidentally detected at neck sonography for evaluation of suspected recurrence of well‐differentiated papillary carcinoma of the thyroid. All sonograms and medical records were retrospectively reviewed.Results.This study covered 8 cases in which traumatic neuromas were diagnosed by clinical, laboratory, fine‐needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB), and other imaging modalities. None of the patients had clinical signs of neuromas, which were, incidentally, discovered by neck sonography. A noticeable sonographic feature in all cases was an isoechoic mass with internal parallel heterogeneous hyperechogenicity. All patients complained of severe pain during FNAB. The cytological results of 2 patients showed fragments of nerve tissue. The remaining 6 FNABs were nondiagnostic. Thyroglobulin (Tg) levels in washout fluids from FNAB of all patients were <0.2 ng/mL, indicating nonthyroidal origin.Conclusion.Distinctive sonographic features, sharp pain during FNAB, and low Tg levels in FNAB washout fluid can help to diagnose traumatic neuromas without surgery. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2009
Primary hemangiopericytoma of the liver: Sonographic findings
Authors: Caruso Settimo , Gruttadauria Salvatore , Minervini Marta Ida , Miraglia Roberto , Milazzo Mariapina , Luca Angelo , Gridelli Bruno 
Published: February 2009

AbstractHemangiopericytoma (HP) is an uncommon vascular tumor that rarely develops in the liver. We present the case of a 68‐year‐old female with a primary HP involving the right lobe of the liver, detected during an abdominal screening sonography. The lesion was further evaluated using multidetector CT. The patient was treated with a right hepatectomy, and a pathologic diagnosis was made. Two years later, there was no evidence of recurrence. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2009
Isolation and characterization of a novel γ‐radiation‐resistant bacterium from hot spring in Iran
Authors: Yazdani Mahnaz , Naderi‐Manesh Hossein , Khajeh Khosro , Soudi Mohammad Reza , Asghari S. Mohsen , Sharifzadeh Marziyeh 
Published: February 2009

Abstract30 pure colonies with various colors and shapes were isolated from the samples of water and mud which were collected from the Abe‐Siah hot springs in Ramsar, a city in north of Iran, with high‐level of radiation (up to 4 Gy). Colonies were irradiated by 22 KGy radiations and only one of them survived. The survived bacterium with an optimum growth of 30 to 37 °C, pH 6 to 7, and at minimum of 5% NaCl concentration showed promising characteristics. This strain is aerobic, mesophilic, white colony, with catalase‐positive, oxidase‐negative, non motile, spore forming, rod‐shape and finally Gram positive. Strain Bacillus sp. WHO represented a strain of genus Bacillus megaterium according to a phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rDNA and biochemical features. Its radio‐resistancy was compared with E. coli and B. megaterium which were inactivated in 2 KGy and 5.9 KGy respectively. In order to reveal the mechanisms of this extreme radio‐resistancy and WHO DNA repair system we examined its proteomic map, following γ‐irradiation, using two‐dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and silver‐staining. The expression levels of majority number of protein spots showed significant changes under radiation stress. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Time trends of daily maximum and minimum temperatures in Catalonia (ne Spain) for the period 1975–2004
Authors: Martínez M. D. , Serra C. , Burgueño A. , Lana X. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractDaily maximum and minimum temperatures, Tmax and Tmin, and diurnal temperature range, DTR, from 37 temperature stations in Catalonia (NE Spain) are analyzed to detect significant daily time trends for the period 1975–2004. The homogeneity of the series is tested by means of the Standard Normal Homogeneity, the Buishand range and the Pettitt tests. The lack of randomness of the series, suggesting time trends, is also investigated by means of the Von Neumann ratio test. The daily time trends obtained and their spatial and temporal patterns are mainly in agreement with overall time trends recently derived for the Northern Hemisphere. The results indicate generalized increasing annual trends of daily Tmax and Tmin (0.5 °C/decade), especially relevant in spring and summer, with values reaching 0.8–0.9 °C/decade, and also remarkable for Tmax in winter (0.7 °C/decade). In autumn, however, average trends point at a decrease in Tmax (−0.5 °C/decade). As a result, an average annual decreasing trend of DTR is found, particularly relevant in autumn (−0.9 °C/decade). Several periods with an outstanding number of stations showing significant positive time trends are detected and analyzed during the spring and summer seasons both for daily Tmax and Tmin. The only period with a relevant number of significant negative trends is detected in February for daily Tmin, thus implying a significant increasing trend of DTR during this short winter period. Comparisons are established with large‐ and regional‐scale temperature trends, paying attention to the west Mediterranean atmospheric dynamics change. Copyright © 2009 Royal Meteorological Society
Sodium‐induced calcium deficiency in sugar beet during substitution of potassium by sodium
Authors: Wakeel Abdul , Abd‐El‐Motagally Fathi , Steffens Diedrich , Schubert Sven 
Published: February 2009

AbstractFunctions of sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) are closely associated. In some crops, Na+ is able to prevent or reduce considerably the occurrence of K+ deficiency. Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) is a natrophilic crop, and positive effects of Na+ applications on yield were observed when K+ was sufficiently supplied. However, it is not known which specific function of K+ can limit the growth of sugar beet when K+ is substituted by an equivalent amount of Na+. Therefore, K+ substitution by Na+ was investigated for sugar beet in hydroponics. Surprisingly, no K+‐deficiency symptoms were observed. However, calcium (Ca2+) concentrations in the leaves were significantly decreased. Moreover, Ca2+ uptake and translocation through xylem sap were reduced in Na+‐treated plants. It is concluded that Ca2+ uptake by roots and its translocation via xylem sap primarily limit the possibility of K+ substitution by Na+ in sugar beet nutrition.
Stimulated Raman scattering influenced by concentration, fluorescence profile and bandwidth of β‐carotene in liquid‐core optical fiber
Authors: Men Zhi‐Wei , Fang Wen‐Hui , Ding Yun‐Feng , Sun Xiu‐Ping , Li Zuo‐Wei , Cao Biao , Zuo Jian , Gao Shu‐Qin , Li Dong‐Fei , Lu Guo‐Hui 
Published: February 2009

AbstractWe demonstrated stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) of carbon disulfide (CS2) influenced by β‐carotene in a liquid‐core optical fiber (LCOF). Owing to the double fluorescence characteristics and large third‐order optical nonlinearity of β‐carotene, the high‐order Stokes lines, such as the seventh‐order Stokes line of CS2, can be observed at a relatively low input‐laser power. The thresholds of Stokes lines lowered with the addition of the carotenoid when the concentration of solution was within 10−12 and 10−7 mol/L; the threshold increments and intensities of Stokes lines were correlative with the fluorescence profile of β‐carotene: when the fluorescence intensity of the wavenumber region on the spectrum was high, the Stokes line intensity was also high and its threshold increment was small, and vice versa. These results are expected to be worthy of the applications on the tunable laser and the seeding laser. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Corrosion behaviour of aircraft coating systems in acetate‐ and formate‐based de‐icing chemicals
Authors: Huttunen‐Saarivirta E. , Kuokkala V.‐T. , Kokkonen J. , Paajanen H. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractCorrosion behaviour of four coating systems, which are commonly used in aircraft components; namely cadmium‐coated and subsequently chromate‐treated steel AISI 4340, aluminium‐coated steel AISI 4340, anodised aluminium alloy 7075‐T6 and chromate‐treated aluminium alloy 7075‐T6, were investigated in six commercial acetate‐ and formate‐based de‐icing chemicals. The results show that the aluminium‐coated steel specimens experience least corrosion among the four coating systems; no corrosion is detected in potassium acetate‐based de‐icing chemicals (Safeway KA HOT, Safegrip and Safegrip+), although some corrosion is observed in the other three chemicals (Safeway SD, Safeway SF and Meltium). In contrast, the coatings in the other three coating systems are damaged in all six de‐icing chemicals. The thickness of the coating does not necessarily predict how well the coating will protect the substrate; the thickest coating, several tens of micrometres, is apparent on the cadmium‐ and chromate‐coated steel specimens, while only a few micrometres thin aluminium coating on the steel substrate is the only coating system that can survive the corrosion tests in some of the de‐icing chemicals. Comparison of the results from the two test methods used in this research, polarisation measurements and chemical exposure tests, shows that, for each coating system, the extent of corrosion, as evaluated on the basis of weight changes calculated from corrosion current density values and those experienced during chemical exposure tests, is different: the weight changes that materialise during exposure tests are, at least, from one to two orders of magnitude higher than those predicted by calculations. In this paper, these observations are discussed and explanations for them are presented.
The behavior of Gliclazide in solution and in the solid state: a case of organic compound presenting a solid‐solution structure
Authors: Santa María Dolores , Claramunt Rosa M. , Alkorta Ibon , Elguero José 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe structure of the hypoglycemic agent Gliclazide has been studied by 1H, 13C, and 15N NMR in solution (CDCl3 and DMSO‐d6) and in the solid state. In the solid state, the compound crystallizes as an EZ isomer without dynamic properties. In CDCl3 solution, the structure is still EZ but with a slow nitrogen inversion about the pyrrolidine nitrogen: two invertomers have been observed and characterized. In DMSO‐d6, the rate is faster and only averaged signals were observed. GIAO calculated absolute shieldings were used to confirm the nature of the observed species. In the solid state, Gliclazide presents the phenomenon of solid‐solution with two disordered conformations present in the crystal at a 90:10 ratio. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Automatic vessel removal in gliomas from dynamic susceptibility contrast imaging
Authors: Emblem Kyrre E. , Due‐Tonnessen Paulina , Hald John K. , Bjornerud Atle 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe presence of macroscopic vessels within the tumor region is a potential confounding factor in MR‐based dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC)‐enhanced glioma grading. In order to distinguish between such vessels and the elevated cerebral blood volume (CBV) of brain tumors, we propose a vessel segmentation technique based on clustering of multiple parameters derived from the dynamic contrast‐enhanced first‐pass curve. A total of 77 adult patients with histologically‐confirmed gliomas were imaged at 1.5T and glioma regions‐of‐interest (ROIs) were derived from the conventional MR images by a neuroradiologist. The diagnostic accuracy of applying vessel exclusion by segmentation of glioma ROIs with vessels included was assessed using a histogram analysis method and compared to glioma ROIs with vessels included. For all measures of diagnostic efficacy investigated, the highest values were observed when the glioma diagnosis was based on vessel segmentation in combination with an initial mean transit time (MTT) mask. Our results suggest that vessel segmentation based on DSC parameters may improve the diagnostic efficacy of glioma grading. The proposed vessel segmentation is attractive because it provides a mask that covers all pixels affected by the intravascular susceptibility effect. Magn Reson Med, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Characterization of image heterogeneity using 2D Minkowski functionals increases the sensitivity of detection of a targeted MRI contrast agent
Authors: Canuto Holly C. , McLachlan Charles , Kettunen Mikko I. , Velic Marko , Krishnan Anant S. , Neves Andre' A , de Backer Maaike , Hu D‐E. , Hobson Michael P. , Brindle Kevin M. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractA targeted Gd3+‐based contrast agent has been developed that detects tumor cell death by binding to the phosphatidylserine (PS) exposed on the plasma membrane of dying cells. Although this agent has been used to detect tumor cell death in vivo, the differences in signal intensity between treated and untreated tumors was relatively small. As cell death is often spatially heterogeneous within tumors, we investigated whether an image analysis technique that parameterizes heterogeneity could be used to increase the sensitivity of detection of this targeted contrast agent. Two‐dimensional (2D) Minkowski functionals (MFs) provided an automated and reliable method for parameterization of image heterogeneity, which does not require prior assumptions about the number of regions or features in the image, and were shown to increase the sensitivity of detection of the contrast agent as compared to simple signal intensity analysis. Magn Reson Med, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Detection of apoptotic cell death in vitro in the presence of Gd‐DTPA‐BMA
Authors: Bailey Colleen , Giles Anoja , Czarnota Gregory J. , Stanisz Greg J. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractDue to variability in patient response to cancer therapy, there is a growing interest in monitoring patient progress during treatment. Apoptotic cell death is one early marker of tumor response to treatment. Using known extracellular concentrations of gadolinium diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid bismethylamide (Gd‐DTPA‐BMA) to vary the exchange regime, T1 and T2 relaxation data for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell samples were obtained and then analyzed using a two‐pool model of relaxation with exchange. Leukemia cells treated with cisplatin to induce apoptosis exhibited a statistically significant (P < 0.05) decrease in intracellular longitudinal relaxation time, T1I, from 1030 ms to 940 ms, a decrease (P < 0.001) in the intracellular water fraction, M0I, from 0.86 to 0.68 and a statistically significant increase (P < 0.01) in transmembrane water exchange rate, kIE, from 1.4 s−1 to 6.8 s−1. The changes in MR parameters correlated with quantitative histology, such as cellular cross‐sectional area and average nuclear area measurements. The results of this study emphasize the importance of accounting for water exchange in dynamic contrast‐enhanced MRI (DCE‐MRI) studies, particularly those that examine tumor response to therapies in which apoptotic changes occur. Magn Reson Med, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
From polymeric nanoparticles to dye‐containing photonic crystals: synthesis, self‐assembling, optical features, and possible applications
Authors: Yakimansky A. V. , Menshikova A. Yu. , Shevchenko N. N. , Shabsels B. M. , Bazhenova A. G. , Sel'kin A. V. , Sazonov S. K. , Vedernikov A. I. , Gromov S. P. , Sazhnikov V. A. , Alfimov M. V. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractPoly(styrene‐co‐N‐vinylformamide) (poly(St‐co‐VFA)) nanoparticles with the diameter from 55 to 200 nm were prepared by emulsion copolymerization and their self‐assembling was studied. In the dispersions of these particles, the formation of iridescent periodic colloid structures is observed. The period of the structures is about 220 nm and shows no cymbate dependence on the nanoparticle size, indicating the possible variety of packing types occurring during the self‐assembling of nanoparticles in dispersions. For 250–300 nm sized poly(styrene‐co‐methacrylic acid) (poly(St‐co‐MAA)) particles, it was shown that ionization of their surface carboxylic groups in alkaline media leads to the considerable improvement of the photonic crystal structures obtained from the dispersions of these nanoparticles. It was demonstrated that cationic chromophores can be adsorbed on their negatively charged surface. In this way, chromophore‐modified polymer photonic crystal materials for applications as gas or liquid sensors could be prepared, as their measured fluorescence spectra show remarkable and reversible responses to the presence of polar organic solvent vapors, e.g. acetone. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.