bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Beta Auto Dealers: Integrating Disparate Data to Solve Management Problems
Authors: Bradford Marianne , Samuels Janet A. , Wood Robert E. 
Published: May 2008

In this case, you will examine imprecisely stated management problems and decide what data are needed from disparate legacy systems to solve these problems. The general management issues at Beta Auto Dealers, the car dealership in this case, include sales, marketing, and customer visit information. Since data are stored in multiple information systems built upon outdated flat file architecture, management questions cannot be easily answered.
This case encourages you to demonstrate your skills in both information system design and use. Given data extracted from the “legacy systems” in Microsoft® Excel worksheets, you will create business process maps, use your accounting and business knowledge to determine querying objectives for Beta's management, design a conceptual data model, create a Microsoft® Access database, and import data. Finally, using your database query skills, you will build relevant queries and interpret their results in order to improve management's decision making.
Phase transition in Bi8Fe6Ti3O27 multiferroic ceramics
Authors: Patri Sunanda , Choudhary Ram 
Published: May 2008

Abstract
The polycrystalline Bi8Fe6Ti3O27 compound was prepared by a high-temperature solid-state reaction technique. Preliminary structural analysis by X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirms the formation of a single-phase compound in an orthorhombic crystal system at room temperature. The elemental content of the compound was analyzed by EDAX microanalysis. Microstructural analysis by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) shows that the compound has well defined grains, which are distributed uniformly throughout the surface of the pellet sample. Detailed studies of temperature-dependent dielectric response at various frequencies show dielectric anomalies at 380, 389 and 403°C for 10 kHz, 100 kHz, and 1 MHz respectively. The hysteresis loop observed by applying an electric field of 12 kV/cm on the poled sample with smaller remanent polarization supports the existence of ferroelectricity in this material. The value of d33 of the compound was found to be 19 pC/N.
Interstate Highway Connections and Traced Gun Transfers Between the 48 Contiguous United States
Authors: Roberts Leah , Hoofnagle Mark H. , Bushover Brady , Gobaud Ariana N. , Mehranbod Christina A. , Fish Carolyn , Morrison Christopher N. 
Published: April 2024

ImportanceInterstate gun flow has critical implications for gun violence prevention, as gun transfers across state lines can undermine local gun control policies.ObjectiveTo identify possible gun trafficking routes along interstate highways in the US.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis repeated-measures, ecological, cross-sectional study used data from the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2019, to examine associations between interstate connections via 13 highways that each spanned at least 1000 miles and interstate traced gun transfer counts for the 48 contiguous United States. Analyses were completed in November 2023.ExposuresCharacteristics of the origin states and the transportation connections between the destination state and the origin states.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe main outcome was the total count of guns used in crimes in each destination state per year that were originally purchased in the origin state. Bayesian conditional autoregressive Poisson models were used to examine associations between the count of guns used in crime traced to interstate purchases and interstate highway connections between origin and destination states.ResultsBetween 2010 and 2019, 526 801 guns used in crimes in the contiguous 48 states were traced to interstate purchases. Northbound gun transfers along the Interstate 95 corridor were greater than expected to New Jersey (incidence rate ratio [IRR], 2.80; 95% credible interval [CrI], 1.01-7.68) and Maryland (IRR, 3.07; 95% CrI, 1.09-8.61); transfers were similarly greater along Interstate 15 southbound, Interstate 25 southbound, Interstate 35 southbound, Interstate 75 northbound and southbound, Interstate 10 westbound, and Interstate 20 eastbound and westbound.Conclusions and RelevanceThis repeated-measures, ecological, cross-sectional study identified that guns used in crimes traced to interstate purchases moved routinely between states along multiple major transportation routes. Interstate gun transfers are a major contributor to gun crime, injury, and death in the US. National policies and interstate cooperation are needed to address this issue.
Predicting outcome in disorders of consciousness: A mega‐analysis
Authors: Pavlov Yuri G. , Spiegelsberger Franziska , Kotchoubey Boris 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveAssessing recovery potential in patients with disorders of consciousness (DoC) is pivotal for guiding clinical and ethical decisions. We conducted a mega‐analysis of individual patient data to understand (1) if a time threshold exists, beyond which regaining consciousness is almost impossible, and (2) how recovery varies based on factors such as diagnosis, etiology, age, sex, and neuropsychological status.MethodsA systematic literature search revealed a total of 3290 patients. In this sample, we performed a Cox proportional hazards analysis for interval censored data.ResultsWe observed a late saturation of probability to regain consciousness in Kaplan–Meier curves, and the annual rate of recovery was remarkably stable, in that approximately 35% of patients regained consciousness per year. Patients in minimally conscious state (MCS) recovered more frequently than patients in unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (UWS). No significant difference was observed between the recovery dynamics of MCS subgroups: MCS+ and MCS−. Patients with hypoxic brain lesions showed worse recovery rate than patients with traumatic brain injury and patients with vascular brain lesions, while the latter two categories did not differ from each other. Male patients had moderately better chance to regain consciousness. While younger UWS patients recovered more frequently than older patients, it was not the case in MCS.InterpretationOur findings highlight the necessity for neurologists to exercise caution when making negative predictions in individual cases, challenge traditional beliefs regarding recovery timelines, and underscore the importance of conducting detailed and prolonged assessments to better understand recovery prospects in DoC.
Nanoplasmonic Affinity Analysis System for Molecular Screening Based on Bright‐Field Imaging
Authors: Chen Mingqian , Fan Hongli , Li Wen , Ruan Jingyan , Yang Yihui , Mao Cuixuan , Li Rui , Liu Gang L. , Hu Wenjun 
Published: April 2024

AbstractConsidering the improved detection of biological analytes for affinity analysis is highly desirable, a metasurface plasmon resonance (Meta‐SPR)‐based imaging system, incorporating a localized SPR sensing platform with different microfluidic systems and employing simple bright‐field imaging, is established in this study. This system enables low‐level analyte concentration analysis, ranging from 100 pm to 100 nm, with the real‐time removal of nonspecific binding signals within the same device field of view. Combined with microfluidic systems and microdroplet spotting, it is possible to automatically measure the kinetic curves of a sample at ten concentration gradients or detect the specific responses of multiple samples in a single experiment simultaneously. This system can inexpensively and conveniently achieve complex detection functions, demonstrating an innovative breakthrough in sensor detection.
Crystallization‐Driven Optimization of Morphology and Performance in Near‐Infrared Organic Photodetectors via Alkyl Side Chain Tuning of Narrow Bandgap Non‐Fullerene Acceptors
Authors: Cho Kyounguk , Ha Jong‐Woon , Nam Minwoo , Lee Chihyung , You Seung Ju , Lee Ah Young , Yoon Sung Cheol , Han Mijeong , Kim Jong H. , Ko Seo‐Jin , Ko Doo‐Hyun 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNarrow bandgap non‐fullerene acceptors (NBG NFAs) are crucial in advancing near‐infrared organic photodetectors (NIR OPDs). However, the polymorphous behavior of NFAs introduces energetic disorder and charge‐trapping sites in the bulk heterojunction (BHJ) active layers, thereby hindering the NIR performance of OPDs. This study demonstrates the design and optimization of the molecular structures of alkyl side chains in NFAs to morphologically address these electrical limitations and shed light on how side chains affect the crystallization‐driven control of the morphogenesis process in BHJ layers. The structure, linearity, and length of the alkyl side chain molecules are strategically designed and controlled to synthesize a series of NBG NFAs, namely COT‐R (R = EH, BO, Oct, or Dod). The in‐depth quantitative investigations into the morphological and electrical factors reveal that side‐chain optimization effectively enhances various morphological properties, such as the molecular alignment and compatibility between components in the BHJ layer, resulting in the mitigation of energetic disorders and charge traps in the BHJ layers. Therefore, the optimized BHJ system, comprising COT‐Oct blended with PTB7‐Th, achieves a reduced dark current and increased responsivity, contributing to the development of high‐performance NIR OPDs with an impressive specific detectivity of 1.49 × 1012 Jones at 1000 nm under ‐0.5 V.
Engineering Wet‐Resistant and Osteogenic Nanocomposite Adhesive to Control Bleeding and Infection after Median Sternotomy
Authors: Shokri Mahshid , Kharaziha Mahshid , Ahmadi Tafti Hossein , Dalili Faezeh , Mehdinavaz Aghdam Rouhollah , Baghaban Eslaminejad Mohamadreza 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMedian sternotomy surgery stands as one of the prevailing strategies in cardiac surgery. In this study, the cutting‐edge bone adhesive is designed, inspired by the impressive adhesive properties found in mussels and sandcastle worms. This work has created an osteogenic nanocomposite coacervate adhesive by integrating a cellulose‐polyphosphodopamide interpenetrating network, quaternized chitosan, and zinc, gallium‐doped hydroxyapatite nanoparticles. This adhesive is characterized by robust catechol–metal coordination which effectively adheres to both hard and soft tissues with a maximum adhesive strength of 900 ± 38 kPa on the sheep sternum bone, surpassing that of commercial bone adhesives. The release of zinc and gallium cations from nanocomposite adhesives and quaternized chitosan matrix imparts remarkable antibacterial properties and promotes rapid blood coagulation, in vitro and ex vivo. It is also proved that this nanocomposite adhesive exhibits significant in vitro bioactivity, stable degradability, biocompatibility, and osteogenic ability. Furthermore, the capacity of nanocomposite coacervate to adhere to bone tissue and support osteogenesis contributes to the successful healing of a sternum bone defect in a rabbit model in vivo. In summary, these nanocomposite coacervate adhesives with promising characteristics are expected to provide solutions to clinical issues faced during median sternotomy surgery.
Halide Exchange in Perovskites Enables Bromine/Iodine Hybrid Cathodes for Highly Durable Zinc Ion Batteries
Authors: Wang Shixun , Wang Yiqiao , Wei Zhiquan , Zhu Jiaxiong , Chen Ze , Hong Hu , Xiong Qi , Zhang Dechao , Li Shimei , Wang Shengnan , Huang Yan , Zhi Chunyi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWith the increasing need for reliable storage systems, the conversion‐type chemistry typified by bromine cathodes attracts considerable attention due to sizeable theoretical capacity, cost efficiency, and high redox potential. However, the severe loss of active species during operation remains a problem, leading researchers to resort to concentrated halide‐containing electrolytes. Here, profiting from the intrinsic halide exchange in perovskite lattices, a novel low‐dimensional halide hybrid perovskite cathode, TmdpPb2[IBr]6, which serves not only as a halogen reservoir for reversible three‐electron conversions but also as an effective halogen absorbent by surface Pb dangling bonds, C─H…Br hydrogen bonds, and Pb─I…Br halogen bonds, is proposed. As such, the Zn||TmdpPb2[IBr]6 battery delivers three remarkable discharge voltage plateaus at 1.21 V (I0/I−), 1.47 V (I+/I0), and 1.74 V (Br0/Br−) in a typical halide‐free electrolyte; meanwhile, realizing a high capacity of over 336 mAh g−1 at 0.4 A g−1 and high capacity retentions of 88% and 92% after 1000 cycles at 1.2 A g−1 and 4000 cycles at 3.2 A g−1, respectively, accompanied by a high coulombic efficiency of ≈99%. The work highlights the promising conversion‐type cathodes based on metal–halide perovskite materials.
A Stretchable Thermoelectric Device based on Direct Ink Writing of Liquid Metal and Multi‐Layer Lamination
Authors: Kim Hayeon , Bae Joonbum 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWearable thermoelectric devices are widely used due to their ability to generate heat and cool rapidly without the need for bulky external equipment. Researchers have explored methods to enhance flexibility and stretchability by incorporating liquid metal as an electrode. However, the challenge lies in the low thermal conductivity of the polymer, which hampers heating and cooling performance. Traditional methods, like molding and spraying, increase the thickness of both liquid metal and polymer channels, but this added thickness does not significantly improve the device's stretchability.[1, 2] To overcome these issues, this paper proposes a stretchable thermoelectric device (STED), which offers improved heating and cooling capabilities, as well as enhanced stretchability. To enhance the thermal conductivity of the polymer, Ag powder with varying particle sizes is mixed with the material. Additionally, the liquid metal is deposited using the direct ink writing (DIW) method, reducing the whole thickness of STED. The air layer is created by printing molten isomalt, which is subsequently removed using water. The proposed STED exhibits high stretchability, reaching up to 150 %, enabling flexible twisting in various directions. The double‐layer structure resulted in a maximum temperature decrease of 14 °C at room temperature.
Fingerprinting Defects in Hexagonal Boron Nitride via Multi‐Phonon Excitation
Authors: Tieben Pablo , Schell Andreas W. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSingle photon emitters in hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) have gathered a lot of attention due to their favorable emission properties and the manifold of possible applications. Despite extensive scientific effort, the exact atomic origin of these emitters has remained unknown thus far. Recently, several studies have tied the emission in the yellow spectral region to carbon‐related defects, but the exact atomic structure of the defects remains elusive. In this study, photoluminescence emission and excitation spectroscopy is performed on a large number of emitters within this region. By comparing the experimental data with theoretical predictions, the origin of yellow single photon emission in hexagonal boron nitride is determined. Knowledge of this atomic structure and its optical properties is crucial for the reliable implementation of these emitters in quantum technologies.
Identification of a novel phenotype of external ear deformity related to Coffin–Siris syndrome‐9 and literature review
Authors: Wu Ruohao , Tang Wenting , Li Pinggan , Meng Zhe , Li Xiaojuan , Liang Liyang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDe novo germline variants of the SRY‐related HMG‐box 11 gene (SOX11) have been reported to cause Coffin–Siris syndrome‐9 (CSS‐9), a rare congenital disorder associated with multiple organ malformations, including ear anomalies. Previous clinical and animal studies have found that intragenic pathogenic variant or haploinsufficiency in the SOX11 gene could cause inner ear malformation, but no studies to date have documented the external ear malformation caused by SOX11 deficiency. Here, we reported a Chinese male with unilateral microtia and bilateral sensorineural deafness who showed CSS‐like manifestations, including dysmorphic facial features, impaired neurodevelopment, and fingers/toes malformations. Using trio‐based whole‐exome sequencing, a de novo missense variant in SOX11 (NM_003108.4: c.347A>G, p.Y116C) was identified and classified as pathogenic variant as per American College of Medical Genetics guidelines. Moreover, a systematic search of the literature yielded 12 publications that provided data of 55 SOX11 intragenic variants affecting various protein‐coding regions of SOX11 protein. By quantitatively analyzing phenotypic spectrum information related to these 56 SOX11 variants (including our case), we found variants affecting different regions of SOX11 protein (high‐mobility group [HMG] domain and non‐HMG regions) appear to influence the phenotypic spectrum of organ malformations in CSS‐9; variants altering the HMG domain were more likely to cause the widest range of organ anomalies. In summary, this is the first report of CSS with external ear malformation caused by pathogenic variant in SOX11, indicating that the SOX11 gene may be not only essential for the development of the inner ear but also critical for the morphogenesis of the external ear. In addition, thorough clinical examination is recommended for patients who carry pathogenic SOX11 variants that affect the HMG domain, as these variants may cause the widest range of organ anomalies underlying this condition.
Accessing Z‐Enynes via Cobalt‐Catalyzed Propargylic Dehydrogenation
Authors: Bodnar Alexandra K. , Newhouse Timothy R. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAlkenes constitute an enabling motif in organic synthesis, as they can be functionalized to form highly substituted molecules. Z‐alkenes are generally challenging to access due to the thermodynamic preference for the formation of E‐alkenes compared to Z‐alkenes. Dehydrogenation methodologies to selectively form Z‐alkenes have not yet been reported. Herein, we report a Z‐selective, propargylic dehydrogenation that provides 1,3‐enynes through the invention of a Co‐catalyzed oxidation system. Observation of a kinetic isotope effect (KIE) revealed that deprotonation of the propargylic position is the rate limiting step. Additionally, isomerization experiments were conducted and confirmed that the observed Z‐selectivity is a kinetic effect. A proposed stereomechanistic model for the Z‐selectivity is included.
Chiral separation of D,L‐phenylglycine by cellulose triacetate membranes
Authors: Zhao Hong‐Wei , Cui Xue‐Fei , Yuan Li‐Ming 
Published: April 2024

AbstractEnantiopure pharmaceuticals are especially important in medicinal applications. Phenylglycine, as a critical pharmaceutical intermediate, is often utilized in single enantiomeric form for drug synthesis. Chiral membrane separation offers advantages such as simple operation, low energy consumption, and scalability, holding great potential for chiral drug separations. In this work, cellulose triacetate (CTA) membranes are prepared via phase inversion and used for permeation experiments driven by a concentration gradient to investigate selective permeation of D,L‐phenylglycine solutions. Scanning electron microscopy reveals surface and cross‐sectional morphologies of the fabricated membranes. After single‐factor optimization, the CTA membrane exhibits an enantiomeric excess of 68.94% for D,L‐phenylglycine separation. The membrane maintains its selective permeation capability after repeated use. This indicates the CTA membrane has favorable chiral selective permeation for D,L‐phenylglycine solutions with stable performance. The chiral carbon on the six‐membered ring of the CTA backbone, as well as the single‐handed helical structure of the backbone, are thought to be responsible for the chiral selectivity of the membrane. This is the first report of using CTA membranes for chiral amino acid separation, providing experimental references and theoretical basis for membrane separation of racemic mixtures. It could facilitate scalable applications of chiral membranes.
Efficient, rapid, and high‐yield synthesis of aryl Schiff base derivatives and their in vitro and in silico inhibition studies of hCA I, hCA II, AChE, and BuChE
Authors: Özil Musa , Balaydın Halis T. , Dogan Berna , Şentürk Murat , Durdagi Serdar 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study reports a rapid and efficient synthesis of four novel aryl Schiff base derivatives. Biological activity and molecular modeling studies were conducted to evaluate the inhibitory effects of these compounds on human carbonic anhydrases (hCA) and cholinesterases. The results indicate that the triazole‐ring‐containing compounds have strong inhibitory effects on hCA I, hCA II, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) targets. Besides comparing the Schiff bases synthesized in our study to reference molecules, we conducted in silico investigations to examine how these compounds interact with their targets. Our studies revealed that these compounds can occupy binding sites and establish interactions with crucial residues, thus inhibiting the functions of the targets. These findings have significant implications as they can be utilized to develop more potent compounds for treating the diseases that these target proteins play crucial roles in or to obtain drug precursors with enhanced efficacy.
Novel 2‐[thio]acetamide linked quinazoline/1,2,4‐triazole/chalcone hybrids: Design, synthesis, and anticancer activity as EGFR inhibitors and apoptotic inducers
Authors: Abdelkhalek Ahmed S. , Kothayer Hend , Soltan Mostafa K. , Ibrahim Samy M. , Elbaramawi Samar S. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNovel triazoloquinazolines carrying the 2‐[thio]acetamide entity (4 and 5a–d) and triazoloquinazoline/chalcone hybrids incorporating the 2‐[thio]acetamide linker (8a–b and 9a–f) were developed as anticancer candidates. NCI screening of the synthesized compounds at 10 μM concentration displayed growth inhibition not only up to 99.74% as observed for 9a but also a lethal effect could be achieved as stated for compounds 9c (RPMI‐8226 and HCT‐116) and 8b, 9a, and 9e on the HCT‐116 cell line. The antiproliferative activity was determined for the chalcone series on three cell lines: RPMI‐8226, HCT‐116, and MCF‐7. Compounds 8b, 9a, 9b, and 9f were the most active ones. To understand the mechanistic study, the inhibitory effect on the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) kinase was evaluated. The results stated that the activity of compound 8b (IC50 = 0.07 μM) was near that of the reference drug erlotinib (IC50 = 0.052 μM) whereas compound 9b (IC50 = 0.045 μM) was found to be more potent than erlotinib. Both compounds 8b and 9b were selected for cell cycle analysis and apoptotic assays. Moreover, molecular docking results of the selected chalcone hybrids showed high binding scores and good binding affinities especially for 8b and 9b, which were consistent with the biological activity (EGFR).
Phosphine‐Mediated Dimerization of Open‐[60]Fullerenes
Authors: Okamoto Shu , Hashikawa Yoshifumi , Murata Yasujiro 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBy a reaction of trimethylphosphine with an open‐[60]fullerene, corresponding dimers could be generated via two‐fold deoxygenation processes even though the formation of β‐oxo‐phosphorous ylide is inevitable, a part of which is hydrolyzed to yield an α‐methylene carbonyl derivative. Nevertheless, Wittig reaction and aldol condensation did not proceed well, indicating the presence of an unknown dimerization pathway. In the ylide formation, 1‐phosphonium‐3‐carbabetaine was previously proposed as a key intermediate. Upon assuming that the betaine also participates in the dimerization process, we examined a possible reaction pathway computationally. As the results, the betaine formed by a reaction with the first phosphine was suggested to undergo nucleophilic addition to an unreacted molecule of the open‐[60]fullerene, yielding an epoxide dimer which is then deoxygenated by the second phosphine to furnish the desired open‐[60]fullerene dimer.