bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Northern Hemisphere Stratospheric Temperature Response to External Forcing in Decadal Climate Simulations
Authors: Fahad Abdullah A. , Molod Andrea , Menemenlis Dimitris , Heimbach Patrick , Trayanov Atanas , Strobach Ehud , Coy Lawrence , Wargan Krzysztof 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

To predict the future state of the earth system on multiyear timescales, it is crucial to understand the response to the changing external radiative forcing (CO2 and Ozone). In this study, we use a 1-degree GEOS-MITgcm coupled general circulation model to understand the response to different levels of observed external forcing from past decades. Results from an ensemble of multi-year forecasts show the Northern Hemisphere polar stratospheric temperature increased during the period from 1992 to 2000, and decreased during 2000 to 2020. To isolate the influence of external forcing, 30-year long ensemble `perpetual' experiments were conducted in which the external forcing for a particular year is repeated, for 1992, 2000, and 2020. Each simulated year of these perpetual experiments is forced with the \coo{}, Ozone, anthropogenic aerosol emissions, and trace gases of that perpetual year but does not include any explosive volcanic forcing. This temperature increase from 1992 to 2000 is in contrast to the general expectation that the stratosphere cools as \coo{} increases. The increasing and then decreasing temperature trend is also manifest in several reanalyses, and also in CMIP6 historical simulations with a well-resolved stratosphere. The configuration of the perpetual experiments rules out either a response to volcanic emissions or a change in the phase of decadal modes of variability as an explanation for the warming rather than the expected cooling behavior. Analysis of the temperature budget showed that the behavior of the polar stratospheric temperature is dictated by the meridional eddy transport of heat as a result of changes in CO2 and Ozone in the past decades.
Housing quality and suitability and older people’s use of formal and unpaid care: improving access to care
Authors: Brimblecombe Nicola , Cartagena-Farias Javiera , Hu Bo , Stevens Madeleine , Rajagopalan Jayeeta 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Good quality, suitable housing is an important part of preventing care needs, supporting people with care needs, and improving older people’s lives. However, many older people live in housing which is of poor quality and unsuitable for their needs; this is unequally distributed. While there is a developing literature on supported housing and long-term care, this is rather less on non-specialist housing, the type in which the vast majority of older people live. Informed by social determinants frameworks and the behavioural model of health service use, our mixed methods study sought to understand the relationship between housing condition and older people’s use of formal care or help from family and friends. Methods comprised secondary analysis of quantitative data from a large representative sample, the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (2012/2013 to 2018/2019), and semi-structured in-depth interviews with 72 people aged 65 and older with care needs and/or their unpaid carers living in five localities in England. We found that poor quality or unsuitable housing can affect use of formal and/or unpaid care in two ways – indirectly through increasing or precipitating care needs thus necessitating help from another person, and directly through being a barrier to receiving care. Poor housing acting as a barrier to care use can result in unmet need for support.
Examining the team’s creative intentions through digital task interdependencies, technological disruption, and digital human resource management: Jordanian SME’s
Authors: Almajali Tha’er Abdelwahab , Aledeinat Mazin , Ta'Amnha Mohammad A. , Magableh Ihab K. , Almajali Dmaithan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Employees’ intentions to generate and pursue ideas are necessary to maintain competitiveness. This pressurizes the managers to guarantee that digital human resource management (DHRM) can be used effectively to drive creative communication across work teams. Although the generation of collective ideas can enhance a team’s digital task interdependencies, the study argues that it does not promise to increase creativity intentions, especially in a situation of technological disruption. The study surveyed 421 respondents from 83 small and medium emprise’s (SME’s) in Jordan. The study applied PLS path modeling to analyze the data. Here the aim is to examine how technological disruption, digital task interdependencies, and DHRM predicts the creative intent of teams. The findings suggest that technological disruption, digital task interdependencies, and DHRM directly and positively affect the team’s creative intention. Given the highly volatile impact of technological disruption, DHRM, and the principle of digital task interdependencies, the managers and may put the practitioners in a position to enhance the team’s creativity and the intent to maintain competitiveness.
Crowdsourced online data as evidence of absence of non-target effects from the century-old introduction of Istocheta aldrichi for biological control of Popillia japonica in North America
Authors: Makovetski Victoria , Smith Andrew B.T. , Abram Paul K. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

The vast majority of historical biological control introductions have not resulted in documented negative effects on non-target species. However, in some cases an absence of evidence of harm could be due to insufficient evidence of absence: that is, data specifically gathered to show that non-target species are not affected by the released biological control agent. The parasitoid fly Istocheta aldrichi (Mesnil) (Diptera: Tachinidae) was introduced to North America a century ago as a biological control agent targeting the invasive Japanese beetle, Popillia japonica Newman (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Despite its longstanding and widespread establishment, the host specificity of I. aldrichi remains underexplored due to a lack of dedicated post-release monitoring. Leveraging crowdsourced data from iNaturalist.org, we investigated potential non-target parasitism among scarab beetles observed within the current geographic range of I. aldrichi. The taxonomic accuracy of iNaturalist identifications was evaluated and curated. Our analysis of > 21,000 observations of non-target scarabs photographed within the geographic range of I. aldrichi suggests that I. aldrichi is highly specific to P. japonica. Candidate parasitoid eggs resembling those of I. aldrichi were extremely rare on non-target species, representing less than 0.001% of all observations and not exceeding 1.3% of observations for any individual non-target species. These findings provide evidence that non-target effects of I. aldrichi are likely negligible, at least with respect to the scarab species commonly observed on iNaturalist. They also show the potential for crowdsourced data to complement traditional methods assessing whether non-target ecological impacts may have resulted from past biological control introductions.
Can non-mandatory governance mechanism promote corporate green innovation—— Evidence from Internal Audit
Authors: Liu Guochao , Zhao Yufei , Guo Jianluan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Green innovation is a key strategy for enterprises to achieve sustainable development and is essential for countries to achieve high-quality economic growth. Green innovation is influenced by the corporate governance mechanism. Internal audit, as a non-mandatory system, plays a critical role in improving corporate governance, and, as a result, is crucial for enhancing corporate green innovation. This study collects and analyses data on internal auditing practices from Chinese listed companies between 2007 and 2022 to examine how internal auditing influence corporate green innovation. The results show that: (1) Internal auditing significantly enhances green innovation, with findings remaining robust after various robustness and endogeneity tests. (2) Mechanism analysis reveals that internal audits promote corporate green innovation by improving executive awareness of environmental issues, increasing firms' risk tolerance, and reducing financialization, through a process of strategy implementation of “strategic choice and decision—risk assessment—resource allocation”. (3) Heterogeneity analysis shows that internal audits have a stronger impact on green innovation in firms with high internal control quality, non-state-owned enterprises, large-scale firms, and those with greater analyst attention. This study contributes to the theoretical understanding of the role of internal auditing in green innovation and provides insights for Chinese regulators to assess, guide, and improve internal audit practices in promoting sustainability.
Can Mobile Health Tools Increase Safe Health-Seeking Behaviour? A Mixed-Methods Exploration
Authors: Schmude Marcel , Gilbert Stephen , Larson Caroline Moor , Gqada Noxolo , Lemon Kris , Kotze Lauren , Omar Reza , January Ebrahim , Schlagenhauf Doreen , Azadzoy Hila , Mehrali Tauseef , Wolansky Leo , Kuzmak Gregory , Sebidi Jane , Kundi Vedika , Bergey François , Foda Asmaa , Cotte Fabienne 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

High maternal mortality rates persist as a critical challenge in low-resource settings. This study investigates whether integrating a Clinical AI (cAI) designed for symptom assessment (Ada) into a Whatsapp-based government platform (MomConnect) enhances self-care and health-seeking decision-making among pregnant women and mothers.
From May to June 2023, a mixed-methods study enrolled participants. A baseline survey captured initial care-seeking intentions, followed by cAI use and a one-week follow-up survey on actual behaviors. A physician panel reviewed randomly selected cases, comparing “most appropriate” and “safe” urgency ratings with the cAI’s advice, as well as participants’ intentions and actions. Among 968 participants, 44.8% changed their initial care-seeking intentions post-cAI, increasing safe decisions by 32.1% and appropriate decisions by 41.3%. The physician panel deemed the cAI’s advice safe in 98.4% of reviewed cases. A total of 86.3% faced multiple healthcare barriers, correlating with higher unsafe intentions. However, post-cAI, their actual behaviors matched those with fewer or no barriers.
Integrating a cAI into a government platform positively influenced maternal decision-making, reducing disparities in healthcare access. These findings underscore the value of AI-driven digital health tools in delivering timely, equitable care.
A New Bayesian Approach to Increase Measurement Accuracy Using a Precision Entropy Indicator
Authors: Domjan Peter , Angyal Viola , Bertalan Adam , Vingender Istvan , Dinya Elek 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Our developed Imprecision Entropy Indicator (IEI) represents a novel metric that quantifies the imprecision of data relative to a target based on entropy and statistical concentration. The analysis of data relative to a fixed target is crucial across various fields of healthcare, including radiotherapy, diagnostics, gene expression, and the delineation of surgical target areas. The study hypothesizes that the starting position of the target search influences search time, which can be attributed to the varying levels of uncertainty surrounding the target in addition to its distance.
Methods
The self-learning search algorithm was developed in Python, where the objective was to locate a target within a circle with a radius of 100 units, starting from a randomly assigned initial point. The search process guided Bayesian optimization based on the measured IEI indicator, minimizing uncertainty in the search steps. The search paths and the number of search steps were evaluated using 1,000 target searches and heatmaps. The algorithm's efficiency was compared with results from random search, random walk, and genetic algorithm methods. A one-way non-parametric ANOVA was used to analyse the effect of the starting point's quadrant placement on the number of search steps.
Results
The results showed that IEI indicator, machine learning successfully located the target in an average of 8.87 steps. The study examined the informational asymmetry surrounding the target area, which became measurable in the entropy field through the determination of the targeting direction. Due to the directionality, the starting quadrant of the search influenced the number of search steps, which ranged from an average of 7.69 to 9.53. ANOVA analysis
(p< 0.001) confirmed that the initial quadrant significantly affects the number of search steps.
Conclusion
The combined handling of concentration, uncertainty patterns in data, distance, and targeting direction opens a new dimension in optimizing search processes, which, when complemented by an adaptive self-learning system, can become a valuable tool for various healthcare applications. It was demonstrated that the uncertainty of scatter concentration in point diagrams can also be measured based on entropy.
Investigation of Nitrogen Conversion Efficiency in Hydrogen-based Autotrophic Nitrate Reduction Reactor
Authors: Zhao Yu-Fei , Lai Chun-Yu , Zhao He-Ping 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

This study investigates the performance of a hydrogen-based membrane biofilm reactor (MBfR) for nitrogen transformation over an extended operational period exceeding 200 days. During operational monitoring, the reactor sustained highly alkaline conditions with pH consistently exceeding 11.20, while achieving an ammonia conversion efficiency above 60% and maintaining a nitrite accumulation rate below 1%. Integrated mass balance calculations and microbial community profiling revealed the coexistence of denitrification and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) pathways within the nitrogen transformation network. A factorial experimental design was implemented with hydraulic retention time (HRT) and influent nitrate concentration as independent variables, generating nine distinct operational regimes through cross-variable permutations. Subsequent analysis of extensive experimental datasets enabled the development of a Response Surface Methodology (RSM) model to simulate nitrogen conversion dynamics. Model validation confirmed the statistical reliability and predictive accuracy of the RSM framework. Critical analysis demonstrated that ammonia conversion efficiency in the hydrogen autotrophic nitrate reduction system exhibited significant correlation with individual variables themselves but showed negligible dependence on their interactive effects. These findings provide novel insights into process optimization strategies and theoretical understanding of nitrogen convention.
Lithium-ion Battery Waste as a Robust Oxygen Evolution Reaction Electrocatalyst for Seawater Splitting
Authors: Warczak Magdalena , Belka Katarzyna , Urbańska Weronika , Michalska Monika , Nwaji Njemuwa , Osial Magdalena 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Electrocatalytic seawater splitting seems to be the most promising and urgent demand strategy for clean hydrogen energy production. Utilizing low-cost electrocatalysts is pivotal in the hydrogen economy, as seawater splitting can be made highly efficient and more economical. To meet these expectations, we proposed using lithium-ion battery waste, the black carbon mass left over from hydrometallurgical metal recovery, as an efficient and stable electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performed in alkaline media. The SEM-EDS, XPS, XRD, XRF, and Raman analyses revealed that the composition and structure of the post-leached battery powders depend on the hydrometallurgical waste recycling conditions, which in turn affects their OER electrocatalytic activity. The electrochemical tests proved that Li-ion battery waste has remarkable OER catalytic performance with an overpotential of 344 mV and 239 mV, reaching 10 mA cm-2 in water splitting and in seawater splitting, respectively, which is only less than 85 mV and 100 mV higher than for benchmark RuO2 in water splitting and seawater splitting, respectively.
Impact of elevated soil temperatures on disinfection byproduct dynamics and coagulation efficiency in soil runoff as a drinking water source
Authors: Arifianingsih Nur Novilina , Qadafi Muammar , Tung Hsin-hsin 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Extreme heat events, such as heat waves, can alter soil properties and runoff water quality, impacting its suitability for drinking water. This study examines how short-term soil exposure to high temperatures (25, 45, and 65 °C) affects the formation of disinfection byproduct precursors in runoff and assesses the effectiveness of enhanced coagulation in reducing these precursors in chlorinated runoff. The findings reveal that extreme heat significantly increases soil respiration, dissolved organic carbon, and dissolved organic nitrogen levels in runoff. Additionally, concentrations of haloacetic acids (HAA), haloacetonitriles (HAN), and haloketones (HK) consistently rise with increasing temperatures, whereas trihalomethanes (THM) and trichloronitromethane (TCNM) levels show variable patterns. Notably, at 65 °C, the cytotoxicity potency of DBPs is 1.3 times greater than at 25 °C. Enhanced coagulation effectively reduces THM formation by 41–47%, HAA by 47–50%, HAN by 22–28%, and TCNM by 49–61% but it also increases HK formation by up to 54% at 65 °C. The results underscore the critical need to consider the impact of extreme soil surface temperature on DBP precursor formation in runoff, which has significant implications for human health and environmental safety.
University Extension and Social Management: Extension Partnership For Community Development
Authors: Ribeiro Tarsila Santos , Batista Rennan Férrer de Moura , Queiroz Lucas Raposo , Monteiro Renato Augusto da Silva , Araújo Fábio Francisco de , Coutinho Luciano Rodrigues de Souza 
Published: February 2025

Objective: In the context of the employability of transgender individuals, the objective of this study is to apply the principles of Social Management to investigate best practices in partnerships with organizations that support transgender causes (transfriendly). The aim is to develop an extension partnership model that facilitates dialogue with these organizations.

Theoretical Framework: The theoretical and conceptual contributions guiding the field of studies at the interface between University Extension and Social Management are presented, with an emphasis on extension partnerships. This provides a solid foundation for understanding the context of the investigation.

Method: The methodology adopted for this research involves an integrative review of qualitative literature on extension partnerships. This is based on articles published over the past decade in the Portal CAPES, SciELO and SPELL databases, resulting in the identification of 25 articles, of which 16 were selected.

Results and Discussion: The findings indicate the low level of institutionalization of the topics of University Extension and Social Management, as well as the predominance of two types of extension partnership relationships, both characterized by collaboration among the actors involved in the action.

Research Implications: The practical and theoretical implications of this research are discussed, providing contributions to understanding extension partnerships from a management perspective that is critical of the business strategy. This is done with a view toward ten basic criteria that enable the negotiation of sustainable future directions for Brazilian extension practices.

Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by proposing an integration of national scientific production on the subject through an analysis that enables the mapping and systematization of its development as an informational process grounded in previous studies.
Detailed Design of Low-Cost Equipment For Extracting Parts of the Pequi
Authors: Santos Pedro Henrique Revoredo dos , Poltroniere Camila Fabrício , Severino Maico Roris , Silva Jesiel Pereira de Campos , Pinto Hércules Gideon Barros , Leite André Elias 
Published: February 2025

Objective: This study investigates the development of a sustainable and low-cost equipment for separating the parts of the pequi fruit. It aims to assist small-scale extractive producers in the Cerrado region by optimizing the extraction process, reducing waste, and improving working conditions. The goal is to promote the socioeconomic development of these communities and encourage environmental sustainability.

Method: The qualitative and applied research involved technical visits and interviews in settlements in northeastern Goiás, including Mambaí, Flores de Goiás, and Formosa. Structured questionnaires, approved by the Research Ethics Committee (CEP), were used to understand local practices, primary uses of pequi, and challenges faced. The data collected guided the projeto and prototyping in collaboration with experts.

Results and Discussion: Equipment such as a pulp extractor capable of processing 40 kg of pequi per hour and an industrial guillotine for precise cuts were developed. These advancements increased productivity and reduced physical efforts and ergonomic risks. Social technologies were highlighted as essential for socioeconomic inclusion and environmental preservation. Limitations such as the need for training and detailed economic analysis were identified as opportunities for future studies.

Implications: The research demonstrates the impact of technological innovations on sustainable extractivism, improving productivity, safety, and environmental conservation. These advancements boost the regional economy, enhance ergonomics, and reinforce the integration of social technology into community practices.

Originality/Value: This study presents accessible and innovative solutions with replicable potential in similar contexts, benefiting communities and preserving the Cerrado's biodiversity.