bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detecting and locating chemical intrusion in water distribution systems using 911 calls
Authors: Roshani Ehsan , Popov Pavel , Kleiner Yehuda , Sanjari Sina , Colombo Andrew , Bigdeli Mostafa 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Intentional or unintentional chemical contamination of water distribution systems (WDSs) could have severe health and socio-economic consequences. High potency chemicals constituting, in essence, “super poisons” have the potential to be used in such intrusion scenarios. Some of these contaminants are capable of killing the victim in less than 1 h. Due to their high toxicity levels and short time from exposure to onset of symptoms, 911 call centers are likely the first point of contact for victims or their families with the authorities. Information such as 911 calls could be used to identify the ongoing event and potential intrusion locations. In this way, such emergency calls could function as an intrusion warning system. This study employs network hydraulic modelling to synthesize the 911 call patterns in the aftermath of such events. It then defines the scenarios as a multi-label pattern recognition problem. The synthesized data then was used to train a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). The trained AI was applied to a real-world WDS with approximately 4000 km of pipe and 26,000 demand nodes. The results indicated that CNN is capable of accurately recognizing the pattern and pinpointing the originating location of the intrusion with an accuracy greater than 93%.
Assessing water quality in North-East Algeria: a comprehensive study using water quality index (WQI) and PCA
Authors: Guenouche Fatma Zohra , Mesbahi-Salhi Amina , Zegait Rachid , Chouia Sana , Kimour Mohamed Tahar , Bouslama Zihed 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Ensuring high water quality in Algeria, particularly in Annaba, is crucial for the well-being of its population and the sustainable development of its diverse ecosystems. The study focuses on the Cheffia Dam, Oued El Aneb, and Treat boreholes as crucial sources of drinking water. The water quality index (WQI) is used to assess water quality based on various physico-chemical parameters. The research spans from January to December 2021, analyzing 16 parameters, such as temperature, pH, conductivity, turbidity, total hardness, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, chloride, nitrate, sulfate, phosphate, and iron, this results in a total of 36 samples and 576 analyses. Principal component analysis (PCA) is employed to delve into interrelationships between variables, revealing distinct characteristics for each site. This study, the first of its kind, provides a comprehensive 1-year evaluation of water quality in Annaba. The collected data serve as a valuable resource for future water management decisions, highlighting both temporal and spatial variations. The current study indicates that the analysis of water parameters, adherence to standards, and the application of WQI reveal that the water sources are generally good quality throughout the year with excellent water quality in autumn. However, challenges such as elevated turbidity in Cheffia dam water necessitate targeted interventions.
Impact of treated wastewater on plant growth: leaf fluorescence, reflectance, and biomass-based assessment
Authors: Ofori Solomon , Abebrese David Kwesi , Klement Aleš , Provazník Daniel , Tomášková Ivana , Růžičková Iveta , Wanner Jiří 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
The study evaluated the impact of treated wastewater on plant growth through the use of hyperspectral and fluorescence-based techniques coupled with classical biomass analyses, and assessed the potential of reusing treated wastewater for irrigation without fertilizer application. Cherry tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) were irrigated with tap water (Tap), secondary effluent (SE), and membrane effluent (ME). Maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (Fv/Fm) of tomato and cabbage was between 0.78 to 0.80 and 0.81 to 0.82, respectively, for all treatments. The performance index (PI) of Tap/SE/ME was 2.73, 2.85, and 2.48 for tomatoes and 4.25, 3.79, and 3.70 for cabbage, respectively. Both Fv/Fm and PI indicated that the treated wastewater did not have a significant adverse effect on the photosynthetic efficiency and plant vitality of the crops. Hyperspectral analysis showed higher chlorophyll and nitrogen content in leaves of recycled water-irrigated crops than tap water-irrigated crops. SE had 10.5% dry matter composition (tomato) and Tap had 10.7% (cabbage). Total leaf count of Tap/SE/ME was 86, 111, and 102 for tomato and 37, 40, and 42 for cabbage, respectively. In this study, the use of treated wastewater did not induce any photosynthetic-related or abiotic stress on the crops; instead, it promoted crop growth.
Spatiotemporal distribution of ecological risk of antibiotics in seven major river basins of China: An optimized multilevel assessment approach
Authors: Liu Wei , Zhou Chunsheng , Wang Xiangfei , Bai Xiulian , Ren Yazhe 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
Antibiotics have been recognized as emerging pollutants due to their ecological and human health risks. This paper aims to enhance the ecological risk assessment (ERA) framework for antibiotics, to illustrate the distribution of these risks across different locations and seasons, and to identify the antibiotics that pose high ecological risk. This paper focuses on 52 antibiotics in seven major basins of China. Relying on the optimized approach of ERA and antibiotic monitoring data published from 2017 to 2021, the results of ERA are presented in multilevel. Across the study area, there are marked variations in the spatial distribution of antibiotics' ecological risks. The Huaihe River Basin, the Haihe River Basin, and the Liaohe River Basin are the top three in the ranking of present ecological risks. The research results also reveal significant differences in temporal variation, underscoring the need for increased attention during certain seasons. Ten antibiotics with high contribution rates to ecological risk are identified, which is an important reference to formulate an antibiotic control list. The multilevel results provided both risk values and their ubiquities across a broad study region, which is a powerful support for developing ecological risk management of antibiotics.
BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA SMP DALAM MENYELESAIKAN MASALAH MATEMATIKA MODEL PISA: LUPA KONTEKS
Authors: Zuraidha Fransisca Nur , Rosyidi Abdul Haris 
Published: March 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan berpikir kritis siswa SMP dalam menyelesaikan masalah matematika model PISA. Subjek penelitian ini terdiri dari empat siswa SMP di Gresik yang terdiri dari dua laki-laki dan dua perempuan. Pengumpulan data untuk subjek laki-laki dilakukan secara online melalui media WhatsApp sedangkan subjek perempuan dilakukan secara offline di rumah peneliti. Instrumen penelitian ini adalah wawancara berbasis tugas (tes). Data dianalisis berdasarkan indikator berpikir kritis yaitu memfokuskan pertanyaan, menganalisis argumen, serta membuat keputusan dan mempertimbangkan hasil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pada indikator memfokuskan pertanyaan, tiga subjek mampu mengidentifikasi pertanyaan. Pada indikator menganalisis argumen, tidak ada subjek yang menentukan penyelesaian masalah dengan tepat. Pada indikator membuat keputusan dan mempertimbangkan hasil, tidak ada subjek yang menyimpulkan permasalahan dengan tepat. Dalam pengerjaan, subjek hanya fokus pada rumus-rumus yang terkait masalah, tapi melupakan konteks yang melekat pada masalah.Kata Kunci: Berpikir kritis, Masalah, PISA, Lupa konteks
НУТРИЦЕВТИЧНА ПІДТРИМКА В КОМПЛЕКСНОМУ ЛІКУВАННІ ПАЦІЄНТІВ ІЗ ЦУКРОВИМ ДІАБЕТОМ 2 ТИПУ
Authors: Кравчун Нонна , Дорош Олена , Караченцев Юрій , Козаков Олександр , Мірошніченко Оксана , Романова Ірина 
Published: March 2024

Потреба у нутрицевтичній підтримці при лікуванні пацієнтів із ЦД 2 типу для необхідного глікемічного контролю є актуальним напрямком у сфері охорони здоров'я. Протягом останнього десятиліття терапія ЦД 2 типу значно поліпшилася завдяки впровадженню ряду нових антигіперглікемічних препаратів, які широко застосовуються в клінічній практиці. Однак, синтетичні цукрознижуючі засоби мають негативні побічні ефекти при тривалому використанні у певних груп пацієнтів. У той же час, ліки, отримані з природних джерел, демонструють широкий спектр структурних та фізико-хімічних характеристик, які були адаптовані через еволюцію для селективного зв'язування з функціональними макромолекулами в організмі людини. Проведеним дослідженням доведено, що комплексна терапія з додаванням добавки дієтичної «Омнідіа», яка приймалася по 3 капсули тричі на добу за 30-60 хвилин до прийому їжі протягом 12 тижнів, надавала антигіперглікемічний і гіполіпідемічний ефекти у пацієнтів із ЦД 2 типу. Також рослинний засіб «Омнідіа» добре переноситься пацієнтами і не викликає побічних ефектів при тривалому застосуванні. Додавання добавки дієтичної «Омнідіа» до комплексного лікування хворих на ЦД у окремих пацієнтів дозволило знизити дозу цукрознижувальних препаратів та інсуліну.
educación internacional en Argentina: ¿Para qué, quiénes y por qué?
Authors: Mayer Liliana 
Published: March 2024

El artículo analiza la internacionalización de la educación en Argentina en el nivel secundario.Se vale de una investigación cualitativa comenzada en el año 2018, en la que se entrevistaron agentes educativos -autoridades y docentes- de escuelas que a) pertenecen a la red del Bachillerato Internacional, que a través de su Programa Diploma acredita títulos internacionalmente y b) escuelas binacionales, es decir instituciones que además de ser argentinas y cumplir con la normativa local, pertenecen a un segundo Estado Nación. El objetivo del artículo consiste en indagar los motivos por los que las escuelas integran estas redes. Se parte de la hipótesis que las escuelas que adoptan los programas relacionados a la educación internacional tal como la hemos definido, lo hacen para validarse -y revalidarse- dentro de sus circuitos, como escuelas “buenas” y “exigentes”, al tiempo que separarse de escuelas que si bien son para los mismos públicos en términos socioeconómicos, se las conoce como escuelas “para ricos”. Esta distinción permite delimitar fronteras morales y simbólicas no ya hacia fuera de sus propios espectros, sino hacia dentro de los mismos. La participación en estos programas -que devienen en circuitos- implican la pertenencia a un espacio social global que otorga competencias o skills valoradas por esos circuitos y por quienes quedan por fuera de él.
Comparing the Perspectives of Generative AI, Mental Health Experts, and the General Public on Schizophrenia Recovery: Case Vignette Study
Authors: Elyoseph Zohar , Levkovich Inbar 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
The current paradigm in mental health care focuses on clinical recovery and symptom remission. This model’s efficacy is influenced by therapist trust in patient recovery potential and the depth of the therapeutic relationship. Schizophrenia is a chronic illness with severe symptoms where the possibility of recovery is a matter of debate. As artificial intelligence (AI) becomes integrated into the health care field, it is important to examine its ability to assess recovery potential in major psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia.

Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the ability of large language models (LLMs) in comparison to mental health professionals to assess the prognosis of schizophrenia with and without professional treatment and the long-term positive and negative outcomes.

Methods
Vignettes were inputted into LLMs interfaces and assessed 10 times by 4 AI platforms: ChatGPT-3.5, ChatGPT-4, Google Bard, and Claude. A total of 80 evaluations were collected and benchmarked against existing norms to analyze what mental health professionals (general practitioners, psychiatrists, clinical psychologists, and mental health nurses) and the general public think about schizophrenia prognosis with and without professional treatment and the positive and negative long-term outcomes of schizophrenia interventions.

Results
For the prognosis of schizophrenia with professional treatment, ChatGPT-3.5 was notably pessimistic, whereas ChatGPT-4, Claude, and Bard aligned with professional views but differed from the general public. All LLMs believed untreated schizophrenia would remain static or worsen without professional treatment. For long-term outcomes, ChatGPT-4 and Claude predicted more negative outcomes than Bard and ChatGPT-3.5. For positive outcomes, ChatGPT-3.5 and Claude were more pessimistic than Bard and ChatGPT-4.

Conclusions
The finding that 3 out of the 4 LLMs aligned closely with the predictions of mental health professionals when considering the “with treatment” condition is a demonstration of the potential of this technology in providing professional clinical prognosis. The pessimistic assessment of ChatGPT-3.5 is a disturbing finding since it may reduce the motivation of patients to start or persist with treatment for schizophrenia. Overall, although LLMs hold promise in augmenting health care, their application necessitates rigorous validation and a harmonious blend with human expertise.
Assessing the Quality and Behavior Change Potential of Vaping Cessation Apps: Systematic Search and Assessment
Authors: McKay Fiona , Chan Lilian , Cerio Rebecca , Rickards Sandra , Hastings Phillipa , Reakes Kate , O'Brien Tracey , Dunn Matthew 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
An increasing number of people are using vapes (e-cigarettes), and with growing evidence of associated harms, there is a need for acceptable cessation support and interventions. Smartphone apps for health and well-being have increased in popularity and use. Limited published literature assesses the potential of apps to support vaping cessation.

Objective
A systematic search of vaping cessation apps currently available in Australia for iOS and Android platforms was conducted. Apps were assessed against established health app assessment tools for quality and behavior change potential.

Methods
A systematic search through the Australian Apple iTunes and Google Play stores was conducted using the search terms “vape”; “vaping”; “e-cigarette”; and “cessation,” “quit,” or “quitting” in May 2023. Only apps that encouraged the cessation of vaping were included. App descriptions were reviewed to determine if they were relevant for inclusion in this study, and relevant apps were downloaded onto the appropriate mobile device for review. The Mobile App Rating Scale (MARS) was used to rate the quality (engagement, functionality, aesthetics, and information) of the apps using an overall score out of 5. The App Behavior Change Scale (ABACUS) was used to assess the behavior change potential of each app using a score out of 21.

Results
An initial search of the app stores yielded 220 Android apps and 124 iOS apps. Screening against the inclusion criteria left 20 iOS apps and 10 Android apps for review. Six apps were available on both operating systems, and these were downloaded, reviewed, and reported separately for each operating system. The average MARS score for all apps assessed in this review was 3.1 (SD 0.41) out of 5. The reviewed apps overall performed well for the MARS elements relating to functionality, such as ease of use and navigation, but had the lowest scores for information-related elements, such as credibility. The number of ABACUS behavior change features per app ranged from 0 to 19 out of 21, with a mean of 8.9 (SD 4.51). The apps commonly included information-related features, such as requesting baseline information. The least common behavior change features were those relating to goal-setting, such as asking about the user’s willingness for behavior change and providing feedback on current actions in comparison to future goals.

Conclusions
The identified vaping cessation apps had moderate levels of quality and some behavior change components. Future vaping cessation apps could benefit from including more features that are known to support behavior change, such as goal-setting, to improve the potential benefit of these apps to support people to stop vaping. As guidelines for vaping cessation continue to be established, future apps need to reference these in their development.
Respon Tanaman Bawang Merah (Allium Ascalonicum L.) Terhadap Jarak Tanam Dan Jenis Pupuk Organik
Authors: FLAVIANUS BUDIAS  , I Gusti Bagus Udayana  , , Anak Agung Ngurah Mayun Wirajaya  
Published: March 2024

Bawang merah merupakan salah satu komoditas yang banyak dikonsumsi masyarakat sebagai campuran bumbu masak. Bawang merah juga sebagai bahan obat untuk menurunkan kadar kolesterol, gula darah, mencegah penggumpalan darah, menurunkan tekanan darah serta memperlancar aliran darah. Dalam dunia pertanian salah satu upaya untuk mendukung pertumbuhan bawang merah adalah dengan pemupukan, pemupukan bertujuan untuk menambah unsur hara yang dibutuhkan oleh tanaman, serta dapat mempengaruhi sifat fisik, sifat kimia, dan sifat biologi tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jarak tanam dan jenis pupuk organik terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi bawang merah (Allium ascalonicum L.)
Penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan yang dilaksanakan dari bulan Maret 2022 sampai bulan Juni 2022 di Subak Rapuan, Desa Mas, Kecamatan Ubud, Kabupaten Gianyar dengan ketinggian tempat 400 mdpl. Penelitian ini merupakan percobaan faktorial dengan menggunakan Rancangan Dasar yaitu Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang dicoba terdiri dari dua faktor yaitu faktor pertama adalah jarak tanam (J) yang terdiri dari J1 (20 cm x 10 cm), J2 (20 cm x 15 cm) dan J3 (20 cm x 20 cm). Sedangkan faktor kedua adalah jenis pupuk organik (P) yang terdiri dari pupuk kandang kelinci 30 ton ha-1, pupuk kandang ayam 30 ton ha-1 dan pupuk kandang sapi 30 ton ha-1.
Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa interaksi dan perlakuan jarak tanam berpengaruh tidak nyata pada seluruh variabel yang diamati. Perlakuan jenis pupuk organik berpengaruh nyata hingga sangat nyata pada perlakuan tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, jumlah umbi per rumpun, berat segar umbi per rumpun dan berat kering oven umbi per rumpun, sedangkan berat segar berangkasan per rumpun, berat kering oven berangkasan per rumpun dan indeks panen berpengaruh tidak nyata. Berat segar maupun berat kering umbi per rumpun tertinggi diperoleh pada jarak tanam 20 cm x 20 cm yaitu 91,11 g dan 20 cm x 15 cm yaitu 20,42 g bila dibandingkan dengan hasil terendah pada perlakuan jarak tanam 20 cm x 10 cm mengalami peningkatan 21,51 % dan 28,26 %. Berat segar umbi maupun berat kering oven umbi per rumpun tertinggi cenderung diperoleh pada perlakuan pupuk kandang kelinci 30 ton ha-1 yaitu seberat 94,74 g dan 23,00 g, bila dibandingkan dengan hasil terendah pada perlakuan pupuk kandang ayam 30 ton ha-1 yaitu seberat 67,51 g dan 12,57 g mengalami peningkatan 40,33 % dan 82,97 %.
Social Comparison dan Life Satisfaction pada Dewasa Awal Pengguna Media Sosial
Authors: Rahmad Sarah Annisa , Kirana Aulia 
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adakah hubungan social comparison dengan life satisfaction pengguna media sosial pada dewasa awal di Tangerang. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 138 responden dengan kriteria usia dewasa awal 18 - 40 tahun, berdomisili di Tangerang, dan aktif menggunakan media sosial di kehidupan sehari-hari. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah Iowa-Netherlands Comparison Orientation Measure (INCOM) dan The Riverside Life Satisfaction Scale (RLSS). Metode analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah uji korelasi dan hasil analisis data menunjukan adanya hubungan negatif yang signifikan antara social comparison dengan life satisfaction dengan nilai koefisien korelasi sebesar r= -0,366 dan nilai signifikansi 0,000 (p< 0,01). Hasil tersebut menunjukan semakin tinggi perilaku social comparison, maka akan diikuti dengan rendahnya tingkat life satisfaction pada subjek dewasa awal pengguna media sosial dan begitu juga sebaliknya.
Instrumentalism and Maxwell’s electromagnetic theory
Authors: Sámano Dávila José Gustavo 
Published: March 2024

James Clerk Maxwell unified the experimental laws of electricity and magnetism
within a single theory which simplified the image of both kinds of phenomena.
However, Maxwell himself created hypotheses that would have hardly accepted
by his contemporary people. With instrumentalist and pragmatics arguments,
Maxwell delivered his theories by years.

Despite the purely instrumental origin of his theories, it would be almost impos-
sible now not to accept that the electromagnetic theory is a real description of
the electric and magnetic phenomena, which makes this an interesting example
of the scientific realism controversy.
Una discusión medieval pionera de la ética médica: La Quaestio an sit licitum provocare aborsum, de Gentile da Foligno
Authors: González Nares Gabriel 
Published: March 2024

La cuestión sobre la licitud moral del aborto terapéutico fue muy discutida en el ámbito medieval. Uno de los primeros médicos en plantearla desde el punto de vista de la clínica y de la ética profesional fue Gentile da Foligno (1272-1348), médico e investigador perusino que en la Quaestio an sit licitum provocare aborsum (ca. 1340) se dedica a explicar las condiciones por las que sí o no es lícito provocar el aborto como medida terapéutica. El texto se divide en tres partes: en la primera se explica qué es el aborto; en la segunda, el problema en un sentido práctico: cuándo recurrir al aborto de una manera terapéutica, también se mencionanlas autoridades clásicas y de la época; en la tercera, el autor da su opinión y resuelve la cuestión basándose en dos criterios para actuar: la completitud del feto y la utilidadterapéutica del aborto para la vida de la madre.
Reseña de Glaube, Vernunft und Charakter. Virtue Espistemology als religionsphilosophische Erkenntnistheorie, de Andreas Koritensky, Stuttgart: Kohlhammer, 2018, 204 pp.
Authors: Gutiérrez Lozano Carlos 
Published: March 2024

La reseña presenta los alcances y limites del libro Glaube, Charakter und Vernunft. Virtue Epistemology als religionsphilosophische Erkenntnistheorie de Andreas Koritensky
La naturaleza del signo lingüístico. Esbozos agustinianos en De dialectica y De magistro
Authors: Calabrese Claudio César , Junco Ethel Beatriz 
Published: March 2024

En sus textos de juventud, san Agustín objeta el escepticismo, que niega la posibilidad de
conocimiento y de enseñanza; esta negación, de origen lingüístico, declara la imposibilidad de relacionar la palabra con la realidad. Agustín extrema el análisis sobre el signo y concluye con su famoso “en ningún caso, entonces, aprende” creando uno de los aspectos más originales de su pensamiento: escuchar tiene sentido si pone al receptor en contacto con la verdad interior. Esta teoría no niega la realidad del intelecto humano, sino que la supone, en los mismos términos que lo creado se distingue de lo increado.
Ch. Mouffe: discontinuidades y fisuras teóricas tras el «populismo de izquierda»
Authors: Gómez Villar Antonio 
Published: March 2024

Chantal Mouffe, en su último libro Por un populismo de izquierda, introduce importantes giros teóricos que se distancian en gran medida de sus antiguos planteamientos: tanto los presentados en Historia y estrategia socialista, escrito junto a Ernesto Laclau, como los que se hallan en las obras propias que le siguieron (El retorno de lo político y La paradoja democrática), así como las tesis presentadas por Laclau en La razón populista. Sin embargo, en esta obra de la autora, no se encuentra ninguna referencia a tales reelaboraciones teóricas. El cometido de este artículo es problematizar estos distanciamientos respecto de sus teorizaciones anteriores.