bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Persistant corpus luteum cyst of pregnancy: Sonographic evaluation of cause of third trimester bleeding
Authors: Miller Edward I. , Thomas Roger H. , Applegate John W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCorpus luteum cysts are frequently observed in pregnant patients evaluated with diagnostic ultrasound. They are usually regarded as incidental findings because of their limited size and usual pattern of regression by ten weeks. The presence and persistence of larger corpus luteum cysts or other extrauterine masses may complicate pregnancy. A case of a large persistent corpus luteum cyst associated with third trimester bleeding is presented.
Gray scale B scan characteristics of intra‐abdominal cystic masses
Authors: Hill Michael , Sanders Roger C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA comparison of the gray scale characteristics of 119 intra‐abdominal cystic masses was performed. Each cystic mass was evaluated with regard to: (1) The presence or absence of internal echoes, septa, and fluid‐fluid levels; (2) The appearance of the wall; (3) Conformity to adjacent organs and, (4) Changes in the surrounding soft tissues. Abscesses, hematomas, lymphoceles, urinomas, and necrotic tumors were evaluated. Necrotic tumors and some abscesses and hematomas have specific sonographic characteristics. In most cases, a definite diagnosis cannot be made from the sonographic appearance; however, in conjunction with the clinical history, the differential diagnosis can be narrowed to a couple of cystic lesions among the many that may be found in the abdomen. The diagnosis can be confirmed by aspiration under ultrasound. A comparison between these cystic masses and pancreatic pseudocysts, renal cysts, and ovarian cysts was made.
Ultrasonographic demonstration of glaucomatous optic nerve excavation
Authors: Hodes Barton L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAdvanced glaucomatous excavation of the optic nervehead can be demonstrated reliably with contact B scan ultrasonography; large physiologic cups do not produce an abnormal optic nervehead pattern. Demonstration of a depression at the surface of the optic nerve insertion must be interpreted as indicative of glaucomatous excavation but should not be used as a contraindication to surgery.
Ultrasonically guided antegrade pyelography of an obstructed solitary pelvic kidney
Authors: Sumner Thomas E. , Crowe James E. , Resnick Martin I. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis report emphasizes the value of antegrade pyelography in evaluation of upper urinary tract obstruction. In this case, gray scale ultrasonography was particularly valuable in localizing a solitary obstructed pelvic kidney.
Adult polycystic kidney disease: Ultrasonographic and computed tomographic appearance
Authors: Lawson Thomas L. , McClennan Bruce L. , Shirkhoda Ali 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSixteen patients with adult polycystic kidney disease (PKD) were studied by gray scale B mode ultrasonography. The nephrosonographic appearance of adult PKD is a spectrum ranging from kidneys of normal size to enlarged kidneys with multiple variable‐sized cysts. Strong focal cortical echoes were present in patients with only small cysts in the renal cortex. Hepatic cysts, which appeared as sharply marginated anechoic regions within the liver parenchyma, were detected by ultrasound in 50% of our patients. Hepatic and renal cysts appeared on computed tomograms as sharply defined, ovoid areas of low attenuation. There was good diagnostic correlation between ultrasonography and computed tomograms as sharply defined, ovoid areas of low attenuation. There was good diagnostic correlation between ultrasonography and computed tomography. Ultrasound and computed tomography are accurate methods for diagnosis of adult PKD; however, the ability to diagnose quickly and noninvasively both renal involvement and associated extrarenal involvement makes ultrasound the procedure of choice for diagnosis, screening, and followup.
Trophoblastic disease with coexistent fetus: A sonographic and clinical spectrum
Authors: Bree Robert L. , Silver Terry M. , Wicks Jeffrey D. , Evans Elizabeth 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe sonographic and clinical spectrum of coexistent live fetus and trophoblastic disease is illustrated and discussed. Two patients with a single placenta with trophoblastic change I and one patient with two placentas, one normal and one with a hydatidiform mole, are described. The clinical and sonographic abnormalities in all three patients were characteristic. In the two patients with single placenta, the histologic findings were minimal. The clinical and sonographic presentations of coexistent mole and fetus are described and etilogy is discussed. The implication of the lack of histologic confirmation of hydatidiform mole suggests a spectrum of findings in trophoblastic disease.
The ultrasonic appearance of the umbilical cord
Authors: Morin Francois R. , Winsberg Fred 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe have used a combination of linear‐array real time and contact sector scanning to image the umbilical veins and arteries. The best images are made perpendicular to the cord. The arteries spiral the vein and the cord is a tortuous structure. Thus there is considerable variability of the appearance of the arteries and veins depending upon the plane of the section.
Biliary cystadenoma and cystadenocar cinoma: Gray scale ultrasound appearance
Authors: Carroll Barbara A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe gray scale echographic appearance of biliary cystadenoma/cystadenocarcinoma is described. The characteristic findings are a cystic, multiloculated intrahepatic mass with thick, highly echogenic internal septations. Findings are similar to those in pancreatic and ovarian cystadenomas/cystadenocarcinomas.
The echocardiographic correlate of a systolic click appearing after open mitral commissurotomy
Authors: Clements Stephen D. , Cobbs B. Woodfin , Dorney Edward R. , Logue R. Bruce , Chang Sonia 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAn echocardiographic correlate for a post‐valvulotomy mid‐systolic click is described. Simultaneous echocardiographic and phonocardiographic studies demonstrated that the click was temporally related to a sudden midsystolic posterior motion of part of the mitral valve apparatus. This temporal relationship suggests that the sudden change in position of portions of the mitral valve resulted in the loud midsystolic click. In our patient the sudden leaflet movement associated with the click was apparently a localized abnormality.
Differential diagnosis of intrahepatic shadowing on ultrasound examination
Authors: Weeks Landon E. , McCune Bruce R. , Martin James F. , O'Brien Thomas F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSignificant sonic shadowing originating from a structure within the hepatic parenchyma is unusual and often denotes pathology. The differential diagnosis (choledocholithiasis, air in the biliary tree, calcified tissue, foreign bodies, and shadowing from normal structures) is reviewed and examples are presented.
Coupled‐column liquid chromatography combined with postcolumn photochemical derivatization and fluorescence detection for the determination of herbicides in groundwater
Authors: Mughari Ahmed R. , Martínez Galera María , Parrilla Vázquez Piedad , Santiago Valverde Rosario 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis study examines the application of coupled‐column LC‐photochemically induced fluorimetry‐fluorescence detection (LC‐LC‐PIF‐FD), demonstrating its potential for the quantitative and selective detection of six herbicides, including propanil and the phenylureas monuron, monolinuron, chlorotoluron, diuron and neburon in groundwater samples. An AQUASIL C18 50×4.6 mm2 id column coupled to an AQUASIL C18 150×4.6 mm2 id column for analyte clean‐up and determination were used, respectively. A simple SPE with C18 cartridges was carried out, yielding average recoveries between 80 and 112% (n = 6) with RSDs between 0.5 and 9%. The LODs ranged from 0.0083 to 0.0833 μg/L in the groundwater samples.
Quantitative determination of haloperidol in tablets by high performance thin‐layer chromatography
Authors: Mennickent Sigrid , Pino Loreto , Vega Mario , Godoy Carmen Gloria , de Diego Marta 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA densitometric high performance thin‐layer chromatography (HPTLC) method was developed and validated for the quantitative analysis of haloperidol in tablets. Chromatographic separation was achieved on precoated silica gel F 254 HPTLC plates using a mixture of acetone/chloroform/n‐butanol/acetic acid glacial/water (5:10:10:2.5:2.5 v/v/v/v/v) as the mobile phase. Quantitative analysis was carried out at a wavelength of 254 nm. The method was linear in the 10–100 ng/μL range, with a determination coefficient of 0.999. The coefficients of variation for precision were not higher than 2.35%. The detection limit was 0.89 ng/μL, and the quantification limit was 2.71 ng/μL. The accuracy ranged from 97.76 to 100.33%, with a CV not higher than 4.50%. This method was successfully applied to quantify haloperidol in real pharmaceutical samples, including the comparison with HPLC measurements. The method was fast, specific, with a good precision and accuracy for the quantitative determination of haloperidol in tablets.
Comparison between HPLC and HPTLC densitometry for the determination of icariin from Epimedium koreanum extracts
Authors: Pozharitskaya Olga N. , Kosman Vera M. , Shikov Alexander N. , Demchenko Dmitry V. , Eschenko Anna Yu. , Makarov Valery G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractDry extracts of the aerial parts of Epimedium koreanum were quantified by HPLC and high performance TLC (HPTLC). A gradient HPLC method was used for the quantification of the prenylflavone glycoside icariin at 270 nm. A direct HPTLC assay was developed for the determination of icariin at 270 nm. The UV detection of both analytical assays were used to examine the purity of icariin peaks and compared with the standards. The assays provide good accuracy, reproducibility, and selectivity for the quantitative analysis of icariin. The icariin contents of five different dry extracts were compared by HPLC and HPTLC densitometry. The quantitative results of both analytical methods did not show any statistically significant differences between them, although a trend to slightly lower mean values could be found for the HPLC method.
The coating performance of adipic acid modified and methacrylated bisphenol‐ A based epoxy oligomers
Authors: Bayramoğlu Gülay , Kahraman M. Vezir , Kayaman‐Apohan Nilhan , Güngör Atilla 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn the present work adipic acid modified and methacrylated bisphenol A based epoxy resins were prepared. The structures of oligomers were characterized by FT‐IR. UV curable clear coatings were applied on aluminum substrates. The physical and mechanical properties of UV‐cured coatings such as gel content, solvent resistance, hardness, gloss, flexibility and tensile tests were examined. In addition, the thermal behavior of coatings was also evaluated. It is observed that the tensile properties and thermal stabilities of modified epoxy methacrylate coatings mainly depend on the adipic acid content. The best results were obtained with 5 wt% adipic acid modification. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Computerised assessment of quality of life in oncology patients and carers
Authors: Carter Gregory , Lewin Terry , Rashid Ghizala , Adams Catherine , Clover Kerrie 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjectives: To examine the feasibility of a computerised assessment and to compare resulting quality of life scores among oncology carers and patients.Methods: Six hundred and twenty‐two subjects (carers n = 234, patients n = 388) attending an oncology or haematology clinic completed the WHO‐Quality of Life‐BREF (WHOQOL‐BREF) and demographics on a personal computer. Age‐ and gender‐standardised scores for carers and patients were compared to community norms. Carers were compared with patients using six three‐way ANOVAs.Results: In total, 60.3% (234/388) of the patients had an accompanying carer attempt the survey and 93.6% (219 of 234) completed all items. The four domains of the WHOQOL‐BREF had acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach alpha coefficients). Carers had lower quality of life on three domains (physical, psychological and environmental), and patients on two domains (physical and psychological), compared with the general community. Carers had higher overall satisfaction with their health than patients (standardised difference of 0.52 units—moderate effect).Conclusion: A computerised system for assessing quality of life was feasible and found that carers and patients had significant impairments in quality of life. Clinicians and services interested in quality of life for carers and patients may use computerised assessments to identify those with poorer quality of life. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Principal Component Analysis‐Ranking as a Variable Selection Method for the Simulation of 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectra of Xanthones Using Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Jalali‐Heravi Mehdi , Shahbazikhah Parviz , Zekavat Behrooz , Ardejani Mazian S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA Quantitative Structure‐Property Relationship (QSPR) relating atom‐based calculated descriptors to 13C NMR chemical shifts was developed to accurately simulate 13C NMR spectra of polyhydroxy and methoxy substituted dibenzo pyrons (xanthones). A dataset consisting of 35 xanthones was employed for the present analysis. A set of 132 topological, geometrical, and electronic descriptors representing various structural characteristics was calculated for each of 497 unique carbon atoms in the dataset. Principal Component Analysis (PCA)‐ranking and Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) were used as descriptor selection and model building methods, respectively. Analyses of the results revealed a correlation coefficient and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 0.998 and 1.42 ppm, respectively, for the prediction set.
Modelling the impact and potential mitigation of cold water pollution on Murray cod populations downstream of Hume Dam, Australia
Authors: Sherman Bradford , Todd Charles R. , Koehn John D. , Ryan Tom 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA one‐dimensional hydrodynamic reservoir model is coupled with a stochastic fish population model to examine the impacts of cold water pollution (CWP) on the Australian freshwater fish, Murray cod, downstream of Hume Dam, Australia. Mitigation of CWP through the introduction of selective withdrawal capabilities to access near‐surface water is predicted to increase discharge temperatures during the crucial spring‐early summer post‐spawning period by 4–6°C for normal operating conditions, that is, a full reservoir in early spring. No improvement in discharge temperature was predicted for drought conditions characterized by relatively low storage levels in early spring. The predicted temperature increase using selective withdrawal increased the predicted average minimum female population abundance by 30–300% depending on the assumed spawning behaviour. Increased discharge temperatures appear to be achievable and are expected to reduce the stress currently impacting Murray cod populations due to CWP during crucial post‐spawning periods. This provides evidence that mitigation of this problem may assist in rehabilitating Murray cod populations in the Murray River downstream of Hume Dam. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Variable length path coupling
Authors: Hayes Thomas P. , Vigoda Eric 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe present a new technique for constructing and analyzing couplings to bound the convergence rate of finite Markov chains. Our main theorem is a generalization of the path coupling theorem of Bubley and Dyer, allowing the defining partial couplings to have length determined by a random stopping time. Unlike the original path coupling theorem, our version can produce multistep (non‐Markovian) couplings. Using our variable length path coupling theorem, we improve the upper bound on the mixing time of the Glauber dynamics for randomly sampling colorings. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Random Struct. Alg., 2007
Bemessungsschubmodulwerte für Verbundglasscheiben
Authors: Wellershoff Frank 
Published: February 2007

AbstractVerbundglasscheiben bestehen aus zwei oder mehr Glasschichten, die durch Zwischenschichten aus transparenten Folien oder Harzen miteinander verbunden werden. Erstrebenswert ist daher eine Bemessung, die ein Zusammenwirken der einzelnen Schichten erfaßt. Basierend auf der Sandwichtheorie existieren verschiedenste Bemessungsmodelle, die als wesentlichen Parameter einen Schubmodulwert der Zwischenschicht beinhalten. Da die polymeren Zwischenschichten rheologische Materialeigenschaften aufweisen, ist ihr Schubmodul von der Materialtemperatur und der Belastungszeit abhängig. Mangels Kenntnis von Belastungsverläufen und korrelierten Materialtemperaturen werden für die Lastfälle Wind und Schnee derzeit sehr konservative Annahmen getroffen, die zu unwirtschaftlichen Bemessungen führen.Auf der Basis meteorologischer Daten des Deutschen Wetterdienstes sowie Meßreihen an Verbundglasscheiben werden dreidimensionale Belastungskollektive für Wind‐ und Schneelasten, bestehend aus Belastungshöhe und Belastungsdauer, sowie der gleichzeitigen Materialtemperatur bestimmt. In einem weiteren Schritt werden Bemessungsschubmodulwerte abgeleitet, die alle rheologischen Effekte implizieren.
The use of a variable cut‐off value of cervical length in women admitted for preterm labor before and after 32 weeks
Authors: Palacio M. , Sanin‐Blair J. , Sánchez M. , Crispi F. , Gómez O. , Carreras E. , Coll O. , Cararach V. , Gratacós E. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether the optimal cut‐off value to predict low risk of preterm delivery in women admitted for preterm labor should be adjusted for gestational age.MethodsA cohort of 333 women with singleton pregnancies admitted with preterm labor and intact membranes between 24 and < 36 weeks' gestation was studied. The women were categorized according to prematurity into one of two groups: those admitted at < 32 weeks (Group 1, very preterm) and those admitted at ≥ 32 weeks (Group 2, preterm). Transvaginal ultrasound was performed 24–48 h after admission and cervical length measured. The predictive value of different cut‐off points was explored. Outcome variables were spontaneous preterm delivery within 7 days of admission and delivery at < 34 weeks.ResultsThe mean ( ± SD) gestational ages at admission and delivery were 31.9 ( ± 2.6) and 37.5 ( ± 2.2) weeks, respectively, and the mean ( ± SD) cervical length was 30.4 ( ± 8.9) mm. The rates of spontaneous delivery within 7 days and at < 34 weeks were 6.3 and 7.0%, respectively. The cut‐off value of 15‐mm cervical length showed a sensitivity, negative predictive value and false positive rate for delivery within 7 days of 0, 96.5 and 2.7% in the very preterm group, and 35.3, 94.6 and 4% in the preterm group, respectively. For a cut‐off point of 25 mm, these values were 75, 99 and 14.3%, and 70.6, 96.8 and 24.5%.ConclusionsThe predictive value of different cut‐off points of cervical length is similar at different gestational ages. However, the higher false positive rate after 32 weeks' gestation might justify the adoption of gestational‐age related cut‐off values in clinical protocols. In women admitted at < 32 weeks' gestation, a cut‐off point of 25 mm may be used to predict a low risk of preterm delivery, whereas in women admitted at 32 weeks or later, 15 mm might be more appropriate. Copyright © 2007 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Compressible turbulent flows: Aspects of prediction and analysis
Authors: Friedrich R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCompressible turbulent flows are an important element of high‐speed flight. Boundary layers developing along fuselage and wings of an aircraft and along engine compressor and turbine blades are compressible and mostly turbulent. The high‐speed flow around rockets and through rocket nozzles involves compressible turbulence and flow separation. Turbulent mixing and combustion in scramjet engines is another example where compressibility dominates the flow physics. Although compressible turbulent flows have attracted researchers since the fifties of the last century, they are not completely understood. Especially interactions between compressible turbulence and combustion lead to challenging, yet unsolved problems. Direct numerical simulation (DNS) and large‐eddy simulation (LES) represent modern powerful research tools which allow to mimic such flows in great detail and to analyze underlying physical mechanisms, even those which cannot be accessed by the experiment. The present lecture provides a short description of these tools and some of their numerical characteristics. It then describes DNS and LES results of fully‐developed channel and pipe flow and highlights effects of compressibility on the turbulence structure. The analysis of pressure fluctuations in such flows with isothermal cooled walls leads to the conclusion that the pressure‐strain correlation tensor decreases in the wall layer and that the turbulence anisotropy increases, since the mean density falls off relative to the incompressible flow case. Similar increases in turbulence anisotropy due to compressibility are observed in inert and reacting temporal mixing layers. The nature of the pressure fluctuations is however two‐facetted. While inert compressible mixing layers reveal wave‐propagation effects in the pressure and density fluctuations, compressible reacting mixing layers seem to generate pressure fluctuations that are controlled by the time‐rate of change of heat release and mean density variation as sources in the pressure Poisson equation rather than wave propagation phenomena. This opens new challenges to turbulence modellers and underlines the need to treat compressibility effects via the full Reynolds stress equations.
Biomodification of fats and oils: Trials withCandida lipolytica
Authors: Bati N. , Hammond E. G. , Glatz B. A. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractVarious oil‐accumulating yeasts were tested for their ability to produce lipase and live on fats and oils as carbon sources. Of these,Candida lipolytica seemed most promising, and the possibility was explored of modifying fats and oils by fermenting them withC. lipolytica and extracting the modified oil deposited in the yeast cells. Oxygen was required for the growth of yeast on fats and oils, but unless the oxygen level was controlled at a low value after cell populations peaked, most of the substrate oil was converted to citrates rather than accumulating as oil. Oil accumulation byC. lipolytica from a corn oil substrate was slightly depressed by excess nitrogen in the medium. The yeasts were able to use about 18 g/l of oil in 72 hr. At substrate oil levels greater than 18 g/l, the dry yeasts were 60% oil, and about 45–57% of the substrate oil was recovered as yeast oil. The fatty acid composition of the yeast oil was quite similar to that of the substrate oil under optimum conditions of deposition. Sterols, but not tocopherols, were transferred from the substrate to the yeast oil.Candida lipolytica oil was high in free fatty acids. The greatest potential for biomodification by fermentation withC. lipolytica seems to be in altering glyceride structure.
Functionalization at the double bond region of jojoba oil: II. Diels‐alder adducts of jojobatetraene
Authors: Shani A. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractDiels‐Alder products derived from jojobatetraene and several dienophiles are synthesized and described. Singlet oxygen forms a cyclic peroxide. The adducts introduce a new line of chemicals derived from jojoba oil.