bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sinusoidal oscillators with explicit current output employing current‐feedback op‐amps
Authors: Gupta S. S. , Sharma R. K. , Bhaskar D. R. , Senani R. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractEmploying a state‐variable synthesis, a number of new current‐mode oscillators with explicit current output have been derived, which can be practically implemented from commercially available current‐feedback op‐amps (CFOA). The workability of the proposed structures has been confirmed by experimental results using AD844‐type CFOAs and some sample results have been presented. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A new approach for using the pathological mirror elements in the ideal representation of active devices
Authors: Saad Ramy A. , Soliman Ahmed M. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThis paper is adopting a new approach to investigate the capabilities of pathological mirror elements in the ideal representation of active building‐blocks and shows that the voltage mirror (VM) and current mirror (CM) are the basic pathological elements. The descriptions for the floating mirror elements in the nodal admittance matrix (NAM), using infinity‐variables, are derived. The descriptions for nullator and norator using infinity‐variables in the NAM are shown to represent special cases from the derived descriptions of the floating VM and the CM, respectively. Hence, new representations for the nullator and norator in terms of the floating VM and CM, respectively, are obtained. A systematic procedure for the derivation of pathological configurations to ideally represent various analog signal‐processing properties featured by active building‐blocks is presented. This systematic approach became plausible by virtue of the versatility offered by the NAM descriptions of floating mirror elements. Novel pathological configurations ideally describing most popular signal‐processing properties that involve differential or multiple single‐ended signals; like conversion between differential and single‐ended voltages, differential voltage conveying, current differencing, differential current conveying, and inverting current replication; are derived systematically using this procedure. The resulting pathological configurations are shown to be constructed mainly using mirror elements and hence the capabilities of the mirrors as basic pathological elements are further demonstrated. Pathological representations for some active building‐blocks, using the derived pathological sections, are presented as application examples. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The curation guidelines of the immune epitope database and analysis resource
Authors: Vita R. , Peters B. , Sette A. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThe IEDB houses antibody and T cell epitope data and makes them accessible and searchable. The curation of literature references requires explicit guidelines in order to capture the data in an objective and consistent manner. Description of these guidelines ensures transparency of the database and facilitates direct submissions to the database. © 2008 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Leg preference and interlateral performance asymmetry in soccer player children
Authors: Teixeira Maria Cândida Tocci , Teixeira Luis Augusto 
Published: August 2008

AbstractStrength of leg preference and interlateral asymmetry in kinematics of kicking a ball for power were assessed in 6‐ to 10‐year‐old right‐footed soccer player children. Leg preference was evaluated separately for three task categories: balance stabilization, soccer related mobilization, and general mobilization. The results showed that while both categories of mobilization tasks were featured by a consistent preference for the right leg, in stabilization tasks we observed lower scores and greater interindividual variability of leg preference. No effect of age was detected on leg preference. Analysis of peak foot velocity revealed similar increment of performance of the right and left legs from the ages 6–8 to 10 years. This finding supports the notion of stable magnitude of interlateral asymmetries of performance during motor development. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 50: 799–806, 2008
Decline in age‐dependent, MK801‐induced injury coincides with developmental switch in parvalbumin expression: Somatosensory and motor cortex
Authors: Lema Tomé Carla M. , Miller Ryan , Bauer Clayton , Smith Chelsey , Blackstone Kaitlin , Leigh Adam , Busch Jamie , Turner Christopher P. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractMK801‐induced activation of caspase‐3 is developmentally regulated, peaking at postnatal day (P) 7 and decreasing with increasing postnatal age thereafter. Further, at P7, cells displaying activation of caspase‐3 lack expression of calcium binding proteins (CaBPs). To further explore this relationship, we investigated postnatal expression of calbindin (CB), calretinin (CR) and parvalbumin (PV) in two brain regions susceptible to MK801‐induced injury, the somatosensory cortex (S1) and layer II/III of motor cortex (M1/M2). Expression of CB and especially PV was low to absent prior to P7 but substantially increased from P7 through to P21 and adulthood. In contrast, CR expression was more variable at early developmental ages, stabilized to lower levels after P7 and showed a marked decline by P21. The results suggest that not only does calcium buffering capacity increase developmentally but also acquisition of enhanced buffering may be one mechanism by which neurons survive agent‐induced alterations in calcium homeostasis. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 50: 665‐679, 2008.
Differential onset of infantile deprivation produces distinctive long‐term effects in adult ex‐laboratory chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)
Authors: Kalcher Elfriede , Franz Cornelia , Crailsheim Karl , Preuschoft Signe 
Published: August 2008

AbstractMaternal or social deprivation during early infancy inevitably produces social deficiencies in juvenile chimpanzees. Hypothesizing such deficiencies to persist into adulthood (a), and, as in humans, a sensitive period in early infancy for attachment formation (b), we predicted and found behavioral differences in resocialized adult ex‐laboratory chimpanzees after about 20 years of solitary confinement depending on their age at onset of deprivation: early deprived (ED; mean: 1.2 years) chimpanzees engaged significantly less in social interactions, spent less time associated, and showed more nonsocial idiosyncrasies than did late deprived (LD; mean: 3.6 years) chimpanzees. In addition to these individual attributes relational qualities, specifically the combination of ED and LD chimpanzees within social groups, have an impact on social recovery. LDs can best exploit their social potential in the company of other LDs and EDs tend to stagnate in their recovery when socialized with other EDs. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 50: 777–788, 2008
Eyeblink conditioning using cochlear nucleus stimulation as a conditioned stimulus in developing rats
Authors: Freeman John H. , Duffel Jessica W. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractPrevious studies demonstrated that the development of auditory conditioned stimulus (CS) input to the cerebellum may be a neural mechanism underlying the ontogenetic emergence of eyeblink conditioning in rats. The current study investigated the role of developmental changes in the projections of the cochlear nucleus (CN) in the ontogeny of eyeblink conditioning using electrical stimulation of the CN as a CS. Rat pups were implanted with a bipolar stimulating electrode in the CN and given six 100‐trial training sessions with a 300 ms stimulation train in the CN paired with a 10 ms periorbital shock unconditioned stimulus (US) on postnatal days (P) 17–18 or 24–25. Control groups were given unpaired presentations of the CS and US. Rats in both age groups that received paired training showed significant increases in eyeblink conditioned responses across training relative to the unpaired groups. The rats trained on P24–25, however, showed stronger conditioning relative to the group trained on P17–18. Rats with missed electrodes in the inferior cerebellar peduncle or in the cerebellar cortex did not show conditioning. The findings suggest that developmental changes in the CN projections to the pons, inferior colliculus, or medial auditory thalamus may be a neural mechanism underlying the ontogeny of auditory eyeblink conditioning. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 50: 640‐646, 2008.
A pilot intervention to reduce eating disorder risk in Latina women
Authors: Franko Debra L. , George Jessica B. Edwards 
Published: August 2008

AbstractObjectiveThe current study tested the effects of an eating disorder risk reduction programme (Food, Mood and Attitude (FMA)) with Latina women.MethodFifty‐two female Latina college students were screened. Of these, 28 eligible women were administered a questionnaire packet prior to and approximately 2 months and again 1 year after completing a 2‐hour computer‐based risk reduction programme called FMA and participating in two 2‐hour discussion groups about risk factors for eating disorders.ResultsPaired sample t‐tests indicated significant changes from pre‐ to post‐assessment on the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDEQ)‐shape concerns subscale (p = .002), Eating Disorder Inventory‐2 (EDI‐2)‐body dissatisfaction (BD) subscale (p < .001) and the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ; p = .006). Significant changes in binge frequency also occurred (p = .006). Changes on three of these measures were maintained at the 1‐year follow‐up assessment.ConclusionsThis small‐scale study suggests that FMA may reduce some risk factors for eating disorders in Latina college women. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Bankruptcy prediction using a discrete‐time duration model incorporating temporal and macroeconomic dependencies
Authors: Nam Chae Woo , Kim Tong Suk , Park Nam Jung , Lee Hoe Kyung 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to build an alternative method of bankruptcy prediction that accounts for some deficiencies in previous approaches that resulted in poor out‐of‐sample performances. Most of the traditional approaches suffer from restrictive presumptions and structural limitations and fail to reflect the panel properties of financial statements and/or the common macroeconomic influence. Extending the work of Shumway (2001), we present a duration model with time‐varying covariates and a baseline hazard function incorporating macroeconomic dependencies. Using the proposed model, we investigate how the hazard rates of listed companies in the Korea Stock Exchange (KSE) are affected by changes in the macroeconomic environment and by time‐varying covariate vectors that show unique financial characteristics of each company. We also investigate out‐of‐sample forecasting performances of the suggested model and demonstrate improvements produced by allowing temporal and macroeconomic dependencies.  Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Reduction of hepatic steatosis in rats and mice after treatment with a liver-targeted thyroid hormone receptor agonist #
Authors: Cable Edward E. , Finn Patricia D. , Stebbins Jeffrey W. , Hou Jinzhao , Ito Bruce R. , van Poelje Paul D. , Linemeyer David L. , Erion Mark D. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common forms of chronic liver disease, with a prevalence ranging from 10% to 30%. The use of thyroid hormone receptor (TR) agonists for the treatment of NAFLD has not been considered viable because thyroid hormones increase free fatty acid (FFA) flux from the periphery to the liver, induce hepatic lipogenesis, and therefore could potentially cause steatosis. MB07811 is an orally active HepDirect prodrug of MB07344, a liver-targeted TR-β agonist. The purpose of these studies was to assess the effects of MB07811 on whole body and liver lipid metabolism of normal rodents and rodent models of hepatic steatosis. In the current studies, MB07811 markedly reduced hepatic steatosis as well as reduced plasma FFA and triglycerides. In contrast to MB07811, T3induced adipocyte lipolysisin vitroandin vivoand had a diminished ability to decrease hepatic steatosis. This suggests the influx of FFA from the periphery to the liver may partially counteract the antisteatotic activity of T3. Clearance of liver lipids by MB07811 results from accelerated hepatic fatty acid oxidation, a known consequence of hepatic TR activation, as reflected by increased hepatic mitochondrial respiration rates, changes in hepatic gene expression, and increased plasma acyl-carnitine levels. Transaminase levels remained unchanged, or were reduced, and no evidence for liver fibrosis or other histological liver damage was observed after treatment with MB07811 for up to 10 weeks. Additionally, MB07811, unlike T3, did not increase heart weight or decrease pituitary thyroid-stimulating hormone beta (TSHβ) expression.Conclusion:MB07811 represents a novel class of liver-targeted TR agonists with beneficial low-density lipoprotein cholesterol-lowering properties that may provide additional therapeutic benefit to hyperlipidemic patients with concomitant NAFLD. (Hepatology 2009.)
Incidence and mortality from non‐Hodgkin lymphoma in Europe: The end of an epidemic?
Authors: Bosetti Cristina , Levi Fabio , Ferlay Jacques , Lucchini Franca , Negri Eva , La Vecchia Carlo 
Published: August 2008

AbstractNon‐Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) are among the few neoplasms whose incidence and mortality have been rising in Europe and North America over the last few decades. To update trends from NHL, we considered mortality data up to 2004 in several European countries, and for comparative purpose in the USA and Japan. We also analyzed patterns in incidence for selected European countries providing national data. In most European countries, NHL mortality rose up to the mid 1990s, and started to level off or decline in the following decade. The rates were, however, still increasing in eastern Europe. Overall, in the European Union, mortality from NHL declined from 4.3/100,000 to 4.1 in men and from 2.7 to 2.5 in women between the late 1990s and the early 2000s. Similarly, NHL mortality rates declined from 6.5/100,000 to 5.5 in US men and from 4.2 to 3.5 in US women. In most countries considered, NHL incidence rates rose up to 1995–99, while they tended to level off or decline thereafter, with particular favorable patterns in countries from northern Europe. Thus, the epidemic of NHL observed during the second half of the 20th century has now started to level off in Europe as in other developed areas of the world. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Soluble Fas level and cancer mortality: Findings from a nested case–control study within a large‐scale prospective study
Authors: Tamakoshi Akiko , Nakachi Kei , Ito Yoshinori , Lin Yingsong , Yagyu Kiyoko , Kikuchi Shogo , Watanabe Yoshiyuki , Inaba Yutaka , Tajima Kazuo ,   for the JACC Study Group
Published: August 2008

AbstractSoluble Fas (sFas) is known to play an important role in the development of cancers of various sites. To confirm whether or not the serum sFas level can be a predictor of cancer, we conducted a nested case–control study within a large‐scale population‐based cohort study in Japan. Serum samples were collected from 39,242 participants (13,839 men and 25,403 women) at baseline, all of whom were followed until 1997 for mortality and until 1994 for cancer incidence. Three controls were randomly selected and matched to each cancer case for gender, age and residential area. Serum values of sFas were measured by enzyme‐linked immuno‐adsorbent assay, using commercially available kits. The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were estimated using conditional logistic models, based on 798 total cancer mortality cases and their 2,353 matched controls. The risk of total cancer mortality was increased according to sFas levels, and the OR of the highest quartile compared with that of the lowest was 1.81 (95% CI; 1.40–2.34) after adjusting for smoking and drinking status, and body mass index. This positive association remained unaltered when cases were divided into 2 groups according to the observation period. Our results suggest that serum sFas has a possibility to detect people at high risk for cancer prior to diagnosis, since it increased before cancer diagnosis in those apparently healthy people. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Oral cancer overexpressed 1 (ORAOV1): A regulator for the cell growth and tumor angiogenesis in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Jiang Lu , Zeng Xin , Yang Hanshuo , Wang Zhi , Shen Jun , Bai Jingping , Zhang Yuanyuan , Gao Feng , Zhou Min , Chen Qianming 
Published: August 2008

AbstractOral Cancer Overexpressed 1 (ORAOV1) is a novel gene locating at chromosome band 11q13. Recent studies have suggested its role as a candidate oncogene in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and its prognostic value for patients with OSCC. Till now, the detailed function of ORAOV1 in OSCC has remained undefined. In this study, we have investigated the role of ORAOV1 in OSCC tumorigenesis by down‐regulating its expression. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) has been applied to inhibit the expression of ORAOV1 in OSCC cells. We found that the OSCC cells with reduced ORAOV1 showed retarded cell growth in vitro and displayed inhibition in both tumor growth and tumor angiogenesis in vivo. Further analyses reveal that the retarded cell growth is associated with an increase in apoptosis involving the activation of caspase 3‐dependent pathway and a cell cycle arrest at the S‐phase with a downregulation of cyclin A, cyclin B1 and cdc2. The suppressed tumor growth in vivo may be attributed to synergistic effect between inhibition in cell growth and suppression of tumor angiogenesis. The latter is most likely because of a suppression of VEGF. Taken together, we demonstrate that ORAOV1 plays pivotal roles in the growth and angiogenesis of OSCC. Thus, ORAOV1 may be a novel target that could be explored to develop therapeutic strategy in OSCC management. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Impressive time‐related influence of the Dutch screening programme on breast cancer incidence and mortality, 1975‐2006
Authors: Otten Johannes D.M. , Broeders Mireille J.M. , Fracheboud Jacques , Otto Suzie J. , de Koning Harry J. , Verbeek André L.M. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThe aim of this study was to assess changes in the trends in breast cancer mortality and incidence from 1975 to 2006 among Dutch women, in relation to the implementation of the national breast cancer screening programme. Screening started in 1989 for women aged 50–69 and was extended to women aged 70–75 years in 1998 (attendance rate approximately >80%). A joinpoint Poisson regression analysis was used to identify significant changes in rates over time. Breast cancer mortality rates increased until 1994 (age group 35–84), but thereafter showed a marked decline of 2.3–2.8% per annum for the age groups 55–64 and 65–74 years, respectively. For the age group of 75–84 years, a decrease started in the year 2001. In women aged 45–54, an early decline in breast cancer mortality rates was noted (1971–1980), which is ongoing from 1992. For all ages, breast cancer incidence rates showed an increase between 1989 and 1993, mainly caused by the age group 50–69, and thereafter, a moderate increase caused by age group 70–74 years. This increase can partly be explained by the introduction of screening. The results indicate an impressive decrease in breast cancer mortality in the age group invited for breast cancer screening, starting to show quite soon after implementation. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Toll‐like receptor‐4 is expressed in meningiomas and mediates the antiproliferative action of paclitaxel
Authors: Tichomirowa Maria A. , Theodoropoulou Marily , Daly Adrian F. , Yassouridis Alexander , Hansen Sabine , Lu Jie , Lange Manfred , Goldbrunner Roland H. , Stalla Günter K. , Renner Ulrich 
Published: August 2008

AbstractMeningiomas are the second most common type of brain and CNS tumors by histology. Surgery and radiotherapy are main treatment options, but meningiomas may be impossible to adequately resect or may regrow after surgery. In spite of many experimental attempts, there is no generally accepted chemotherapeutic approach. We have studied in a series of meningiomas the expression of the Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4), which apart from its major role as a key factor of the innate immune system, is believed to play a role in tumorigenesis. All meningiomas studied expressed TLR4 mRNA and protein at variable degree. Paclitaxel, a ligand of TLR4, exhibited a dose‐ and time‐dependent growth suppression in both monolayer and spheroid meningioma cell cultures. The knockdown of TLR4 with siRNA in meningioma cell cultures abrogated the inhibitory effect of paclitaxel. The suppressive action of paclitaxel on meningioma cell growth was enhanced in the presence of fluvastatin or the mitogen‐actvated protein kinase (ERK1/2) inhibitor PD98059. At least part of the growth suppressive effect was mediated by the induction of apoptosis in meningioma cells by paclitaxel alone or in combination with fluvastatin. In conclusion, our in vitro results suggest that paclitaxel alone or in combination with other inhibitors of cell growth (statins, MAPK inhibitors) could provide a potential tool for the treatment of TLR4 expressing meningiomas. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Socioeconomic status and childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia incidence in São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Ribeiro Karina Braga , Buffler Patricia A. , Metayer Catherine 
Published: August 2008

AbstractTo investigate the association of childhood ALL and SES, we collected data on 507 children aged 0–14 years diagnosed with ALL between 1997 and 2002 from the population‐based Cancer Registry of São Paulo, Brazil, covering 96 districts. Each child was assigned to an SES category based on the district of residence at diagnosis. Four SES categories were created from high to low, based on the Social Exclusion Index (SEI) that includes the following indicators: poverty, employment, inequality, education and violence. Using Census data, cases were also classified into quintiles according to the percentage of households with more than 7 persons. Age‐specific and age‐standardized incidence rates were calculated using the 1960 world standard population. Age‐adjusted incidence rate was 3.68/100,000 for males and 2.87/100,000 for females. Children living in areas with lowest SES presented a significant lower risk of ALL compared with those living in the wealthiest districts (Rate Ratio [RR] = 0.34; 95% Confidence Interval [CI] = 0.28–0.44). Lower incidence rates of childhood ALL were also found in areas with high percentages of households with more than 7 persons (≥5.7%) compared with areas where there were ≤2.2% (RR = 0.32, 95% CI 0.25–0.43). There was a strong correlation between SEI and crowding (rho = −0.95, p < 0.001). Population‐based attributes for SES and household size may be useful surrogate markers of early exposure to childhood infections, which has been found to decrease the risk of ALL. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.