bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Depth and orientation through surface transparency
Authors: Gerritsen Léonie E. M. , de Weert Charles M. M. , Wagemans Johan 
Published: June 2007

AbstractIn the research described in this article we have tested the idea that the recovery of depth and orientation of twodimensional patterns is aided by constraints in the physical world. We presented a variant on a bistable Necker cube. the surfaces of the cube were constructed from transparent planes. We examined which color compositions lead to the highest number of correct identifications of orientation. the results can be explained on the assumption that people use constraints present in additive color mixture. When this type of mixture is used, it leads to significantly better responses. the luminance of the mixed color is the largest contributor.
Film thickness and pvc effects on color properties
Authors: Yang Hui 
Published: June 2007

AbstractPigment volume concentration (PVC) has very important effects on coating properties. This study explores the PVC effects on the color properties of the coatings. the color of the film is found to change according to the PVC changes even at a constant ratio of colored pigments to white pigments. A comprehensive description and explanation is given from appearance and theory. A detail study in film thickness effects on color properties is also included.
The british building colour standards: Conversion to the notations of munsell, NCS, din, coloroid, colorcurve, and OSA‐UCS
Authors: Hamie A. A. , Wiltshire T. J. , Whitfield T. W. A. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThis article provides Munsell (aim and actual), NCS (aim and actual), DIN (aim and actual), Coloroid (aim), Colorcurve (aim and actual), and OSA‐UCS (aim and actual) notations for the 237 colour samples that comprise BS5252. These notations were obtained from recent spectrophotometric measurement of the standard, using a new version of the colour notation conversion program initially developed at the University of Teesside. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons. Inc.
Cie guidelines for coordinated future work on industrial colour‐difference evaluation
Authors: Witt Klaus 
Published: June 2007

AbstractRecent results of research work on colour‐difference evaluation are reviewed in reports of two CIE Technical Committees; however, a global solution of the problem is still lacking. Therefore, guidelines for planning new research work are included in those reports. Here, these guidelines are explained and extended to stimulate new studies in a coordinated way, which could improve modeling of colour‐difference evaluations for industrial applications.
Extracting causal graphs from an open provenance data model
Authors: Miles Simon , Groth Paul , Munroe Steve , Jiang Sheng , Assandri Thibaut , Moreau Luc 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThe open provenance architecture approach to the challenge was distinct in several regards. In particular, it allows different components of the challenge workflow to independently record documentation, and for the workflow to be executed in different environments, made possible by an open, well‐defined data model and architecture. Another noticeable feature is that we distinguish between the data recorded about what has occurred, process documentation, and the provenance of a data item, which is all that caused the data item to be as it is. In this view, provenance is obtained as the result of a query over process documentation. This distinction allows us to tailor the system to best address the separate requirements of recording and querying documentation. Other notable features include the explicit recording of causal relationships between both events and data items, an interaction‐based world model, intensional definition of data items in queries rather than relying on explicit naming mechanisms, and styling of documentation to support non‐functional application requirements such as reducing storage costs or ensuring privacy of data. In this paper, we describe how each of these features aid us in answering the challenge's provenance queries. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Rarely Decorated Rutile Frameworks Built from Triangular Organic Spacers and Distorted Octahedral Co3 Building Blocks
Authors: Luo Feng , Che Yun‐xia , Zheng Ji‐min 
Published: June 2007

AbstractUnder mild temperatures, the self‐assembly of CoCl2 and H3BTC in a solution of dmso generates a guest‐free metal–organic polymer, namely Co3(BTC)2(μ1‐dmso)2(μ2‐dmso)2(1: dmso = dimethylsulfoxide, H3BTC = 1,3,5‐benzenetricarboxylic acid). In 1, the CoII ions show the six‐coordinate octahedral geometry completed by the BTC3– ions and the dmso oxygen atoms; remarkably, the coordinated dmso ligands not only act as terminal ligands to complete the octahedral geometry of the CoII ions, but also play an important role in bridging CoII ions together to give the Co3 secondary building units (SBUs). From a topological viewpoint, this novel polymer is classified to be the decorated (3,6)‐connected rutile net with the (4.62)2(42.610.83) topology, where BTC3– ligands and Co3 SBUs are viewed to be the 3‐ and 6‐connected nodes, respectively. In addition, the magnetic properties of 1 are explored by using a linear trinuclear cobalt mode, thusleading to g = 2.41, J = –34.92 cm–1, TIP = 340 × 10–6 cm3 mol–1,θ = –6 K (a θ parameter was included to take into account intertrinuclear interactions).(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Chirality Transfer through Helical Motifs in Coordination Compounds
Authors: He Cheng , Zhao Yonggang , Guo Dong , Lin Zhihua , Duan Chunying 
Published: June 2007

AbstractHelicates obtained by self‐assembly have initiated a revolution from classical coordination chemistry to extensive supramolecular concepts. The design of helicates will be described, and the structural features that are necessary for chirality transfer, as well as the extension of chirality from one‐dimensional to three‐dimensional chiral polymers in complicated chiral architectures will also be addressed. Chiralassembly by using achiral components has been given considerable attention in this review paper. The understanding of the essential processes and mechanisms in the chiral assembly on the basis of helicate supramolecular structures is a fundamental study in a variety of disciplines ranging from biology to materials science.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Facile Synthesis and Photoluminescence of Europium Ion Doped LaF3 Nanodisks
Authors: Zhu Ling , Meng Jian , Cao Xueqiang 
Published: June 2007

AbstractLaF3:Eu3+ (5.0 mol‐% Eu3+) nanodisks with perfect crystallinity were successfully synthesized by a simple method. The synthesis was carried out in an aqueous solution at room temperature without the use of templates or organic additives. The mechanism of formation of the nanodisks was explored, and the fluoride source (KBF4) is believed to play a key role in controlling the morphology of the final product. Furthermore, the size of the disk can be simply moderated by varying the concentration of the initial reactants. The room‐temperature photoluminescence of LaF3:Eu3+ with different morphologies and sizes were also investigated, and the results indicate that the emission intensity of the product is strongly affected by their size, shape, and other factors.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Calixarene‐Based Oxovanadium Complexes as Molecular Models for Catalytically Active Surface Species and Homogeneous Catalysts
Authors: Limberg Christian 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThere are several reasons that make the combination of calixarenes with oxovanadium moieties attractive. Calixarenes are capable of simulating the surfaces of oxide bulk materials and supports, and on the other hand, supported vanadium oxides are an important class of heterogeneous catalysts, whose reactivity is still discussed controversially with respect to the effective mechanisms. Oxovanadium calixarene complexes can thus represent molecular models whose investigation in the homogeneous phase can shed some light into surface processes. This review describes the recent achievements in the synthesis of oxovanadium calixarene, thiacalixarene, and oxacalixarene complexes and the investigation of their reactivity. It has been shown that they represent active catalysts for the oxidation of alcohols and the polymerization/copolymerization of olefins.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Synthesis and Reactivity of 16‐Electron Pentamethylcyclopentadienyl–Ruthenium(II) Complexes with Bis(imidazolin‐2‐imine) Ligands
Authors: Petrovic Dejan , Glöge Thomas , Bannenberg Thomas , Hrib Cristian G. , Randoll Sören , Jones Peter G. , Tamm Matthias 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThe 1,2‐bis(imidazolin‐2‐imino)ethane ligands BLMe and BLiPr were prepared, in which the ability of the imidazolium moiety to effectively stabilize a positive charge leads to highly basic ligands with a strong electron‐donating capacity. This feature is illustrated by the isolation of very stable half‐sandwich 16‐electron ruthenium complexes of the type [(η5‐C5Me5)Ru(BLR)]+ (1, R = Me; 2, R = iPr), which even resist coordination of the chloride counterion. Their inertness towards hard, π‐basic ligands does not prevent these complexes from displaying high reactivity towards soft σ‐donor/π‐acceptor ligands such as CO and isocyanides, and the complexes [1·CO]CF3SO3 and [1·CNXy]CF3SO3 (XyNC = 2,6‐dimethylphenyl isocyanide) can be isolated. These complexes exhibit CO and CN stretching vibrations at 1886 and 1991 cm–1, respectively, which reveals the electron richness and strong π‐electron releasing capability of the ruthenium–imine moiety.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Chiral CE of aromatic amino acids by ligand‐exchange with zinc(II)–L‐lysine complex
Authors: Qi Li , Han Yanli , Zuo Min , Chen Yi 
Published: June 2007

AbstractA novel method of chiral ligand‐exchange CE was developed with either L‐ or D‐lysine (Lys) as a chiral ligand and zinc(II) as a central ion. This type of chiral complexes was explored for the first time to efficiently separate either individual pairs of or mixed aromatic amino acid enantiomers. Using a running buffer of 5 mM ammonium acetate, 100 mM boric acid, 3 mM ZnSO4·7H2O and 6 mM L‐Lys at pH 7.6, unlabeled D,L‐tryptophan, D,L‐phenylalanine, and D,L‐tyrosine were well separated, giving a chiral resolution of up to 7.09. The best separation was obtained at a Lys‐to‐zinc ratio of 2:1, zinc concentration of 2–4 mM and running buffer pH 7.6. The buffer pH was determined to have a strong influence on resolution, while buffer composition and concentration impacted on both the resolution and peak shape. Boric acid with some ammonium acetate was an adoptable buffer system, and some additives like ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid capable of destroying the complex should be avoided. Fine‐tuning of the chiral resolution and elution order was achieved by regulating the ratio of L‐Lys to D‐Lys; i.e. the resolution increased from zero to its highest value as the ratio ascended from 1:0 to 1:infinitive, and L‐isomers eluted before or after D‐isomers in excessive D‐ or L‐Lys, respectively.
Enantioselective analysis of ketamine and its metabolites in equine plasma and urine by CE with multiple isomer sulfated β‐CD
Authors: Theurillat Regula , Knobloch Monika , Schmitz Andrea , Lassahn Paul‐Gerhard , Mevissen Meike , Thormann Wolfgang 
Published: June 2007

AbstractCE with multiple isomer sulfated β‐CD as the chiral selector was assessed for the simultaneous analysis of the enantiomers of ketamine and metabolites in extracts of equine plasma and urine. Different lots of the commercial chiral selector provided significant changes in enantiomeric ketamine separability, a fact that can be related to the manufacturing variability. A mixture of two lots was found to provide high‐resolution separations and interference‐free detection of the enantiomers of ketamine, norketamine, dehydronorketamine, and an incompletely identified hydroxylated metabolite of norketamine in liquid/liquid extracts of the two body fluids. Ketamine, norketamine, and dehydronorketamine could be unambiguously identified via HPLC fractionation of urinary extracts and using LC‐MS and LC‐MS/MS with 1 mmu mass discrimination. The CE assay was used to characterize the stereoselectivity of the compounds' enantiomers in the samples of five ponies anesthetized with isoflurane in oxygen and treated with intravenous continuous infusion of racemic ketamine. The concentrations of the ketamine enantiomers in plasma are equal, whereas the urinary amount of R‐ketamine is larger than that of S‐ketamine. Plasma and urine contain higher S‐ than R‐norketamine levels and the mean S‐/R‐enantiomer ratios of dehydronorketamine in plasma and urine are lower than unity and similar.
Restoration of calbindin after fetal hippocampal CA3 cell grafting into the injured hippocampus in a rat model of temporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Shetty Ashok K. , Hattiangady Bharathi 
Published: June 2007

AbstractDegeneration of the CA3 pyramidal and dentate hilar neurons in the adult rat hippocampus after an intracerebroventricular kainic acid (KA) administration, a model of temporal lobe epilepsy, leads to permanent loss of the calcium binding protein calbindin in major fractions of dentate granule cells and CA1 pyramidal neurons. We hypothesize that the enduring loss of calbindin in the dentate gyrus and the CA1 subfield after CA3‐lesion is due to disruption of the hippocampal circuitry leading to hyperexcitability in these regions; therefore, specific cell grafts that are capable of both reconstructing the disrupted circuitry and suppressing hyperexcitability in the injured hippocampus can restore calbindin. We compared the effects of fetal CA3 or CA1 cell grafting into the injured CA3 region of adult rats at 45 days after KA‐induced injury on the hippocampal calbindin. The calbindin immunoreactivity in the dentate granule cells and the CA1 pyramidal neurons of grafted animals was evaluated at 6 months after injury (i.e. at 4.5 months post‐grafting). Compared with the intact hippocampus, the calbindin in “lesion‐only” hippocampus was dramatically reduced at 6 months post‐lesion. However, calbindin expression was restored in the lesioned hippocampus receiving CA3 cell grafts. In contrast, in the lesioned hippocampus receiving CA1 cell grafts, calbindin expression remained less than the intact hippocampus. Thus, specific cell grafting restores the injury‐induced loss of calbindin in the adult hippocampus, likely via restitution of the disrupted circuitry. Since loss of calbindin after hippocampal injury is linked to hyperexcitability, re‐expression of calbindin in both dentate gyrus and CA1 subfield following CA3 cell grafting may suggest that specific cell grafting is efficacious for ameliorating injury‐induced hyperexcitability in the adult hippocampus. However, electrophysiological studies of KA‐lesioned hippocampus receiving CA3 cell grafts are required in future to validate this possibility. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Functional neuroanatomy of the parahippocampal region in the rat: The perirhinal and postrhinal cortices
Authors: Furtak Sharon C. , Wei Shau‐Ming , Agster Kara L. , Burwell Rebecca D. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThe parahippocampal region in the rodent brain includes the perirhinal, postrhinal, and entorhinal cortices, the presubiculum, and the parasubiculum. In recent years, the perirhinal and postrhinal cortices have been a focus in memory research because they supply highly processed, polymodal sensory information to the hippocampus, both directly and via the entorhinal cortex. Available evidence indicates that these cortices receive different complements of cortical information, which are then forwarded to the hippocampus via parallel pathways.Here we have summarized the cortical, subcortical, and hippocampal connections of the perirhinal and postrhinal cortices in order to provide further insight into the nature of the information that is processed by these regions prior to arriving in the hippocampus. As has been previously described, the cortical afferents of the rodent postrhinal cortex are dominated by structures known to be involved in the processing of visual and spatial information, whereas the cortical afferents of the perirhinal cortex result in remarkable convergence of polymodal sensory information. The two regions are also differentiated by their cortical efferents. The perirhinal cortex projects more strongly to piriform, frontal, and insular regions, whereas the postrhinal cortex projects preferentially to visual and visuospatial regions. The subcortical connections of the two regions provide further evidence that they have different functions. For example, the perirhinal cortex has strong reciprocal connections with the amygdala, which suggest involvement in processing affective stimuli. Subcortical input to the postrhinal cortex is dominated by projections from dorsal thalamic structures, particularly the lateral posterior nucleus. Although the perirhinal and postrhinal cortices are considered to contribute to the episodic memory system, many questions remain about their particular roles. A detailed description of the anatomical connections of the perirhinal and postrhinal cortices will permit the generation of new, anatomically guided, hypotheses about their role in episodic memory and other cognitive processes. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The effect of scene context on episodic object recognition: Parahippocampal cortex mediates memory encoding and retrieval success
Authors: Hayes Scott M. , Nadel Lynn , Ryan Lee 
Published: June 2007

AbstractPrevious research has investigated intentional retrieval of contextual information and contextual influences on object identification and word recognition, yet few studies have investigated context effects in episodic memory for objects. To address this issue, unique objects embedded in a visually rich scene or on a white background were presented to participants. At test, objects were presented either in the original scene or on a white background. A series of behavioral studies with young adults demonstrated a context shift decrement (CSD)—decreased recognition performance when context is changed between encoding and retrieval. The CSD was not attenuated by encoding or retrieval manipulations, suggesting that binding of object and context may be automatic. A final experiment explored the neural correlates of the CSD, using functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Parahippocampal cortex (PHC) activation (right greater than left) during incidental encoding was associated with subsequent memory of objects in the context shift condition. Greater activity in right PHC was also observed during successful recognition of objects previously presented in a scene. Finally, a subset of regions activated during scene encoding, such as bilateral PHC, was reactivated when the object was presented on a white background at retrieval. Although participants were not required to intentionally retrieve contextual information, the results suggest that PHC may reinstate visual context to mediate successful episodic memory retrieval. The CSD is attributed to automatic and obligatory binding of object and context. The results suggest that PHC is important not only for processing of scene information, but also plays a role in successful episodic memory encoding and retrieval. These findings are consistent with the view that spatial information is stored in the hippocampal complex, one of the central tenets of Multiple Trace Theory. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The role of the direct perforant path input to the CA1 subregion of the dorsal hippocampus in memory retention and retrieval
Authors: Vago David R. , Bevan Adam , Kesner Raymond P. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractSubregional analyses of the hippocampus have suggested a selective role for the CA1 subregion in intermediate/long‐term spatial memory and consolidation, but not short‐term acquisition or encoding processes. It remains unclear how the direct cortical projection to CA1 via the perforant path (pp) contributes to these CA1‐dependent processes. It has been suggested that dopamine selectively modulates the pp projection to CA1 while having little to no effect on the Schaffer collateral (SC) projection to CA1. This series of behavioral and electrophysiological experiments takes advantage of this pharmacological dissociation to demonstrate that the direct pp inputs to CA1 are critical in CA1‐dependent intermediate‐term retention and retrieval function. Here we demonstrate that local infusion of the nonselective dopamine agonist, apomorphine (10, 15 μg), into the CA1 subregion of awake animals produces impairments in between‐day retention and retrieval, sparing within‐day encoding of a modified Hebb‐Williams maze and contextual conditioning of fear. In contrast, apomorphine produces no deficits when infused into the CA3 subregion. To complement the behavioral analyses, electrophysiological data was collected. In anesthetized animals, local infusion of the same doses of apomorphine significantly modifies evoked responses in the distal dendrites of CA1 following angular bundle stimulation, but produces no significant effects in the more proximal dendritic layer following stimulation of the SC. These results support a modulatory role for dopamine in the EC‐CA1, but not CA3‐CA1 circuitry, and suggest the possibility of a more fundamental role for EC‐CA1 synaptic transmission in terms of intermediate‐term, but not short‐term spatial memory. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Psychotherapy in Australia: Clinical psychology and its approach to depression
Authors: Kavanagh David J. , Littlefield Lyn , Dooley Roger , O'Donovan Analise 
Published: June 2007

AbstractIn Australia, clinical psychology training is dominated by cognitive and behavioral treatments (CBTs), although there is exposure to other theoretical orientations. Since 2001, over 20% of general medical practitioners (GPs) have received training in CBT, and psychiatry training increasingly incorporates CBT elements. Psychotherapy by medical practitioners is financially supported by universal health care funding with supplementation by patients and their private health insurance. Federally funded health benefits for up to 12 psychology consultations per year are provided on referral from GPs and psychiatrists, and initial takeup has been very strong. Mrs. A would be a typical patient for such a referral. However, she would not fulfill criteria for priority access from state‐funded mental health services. Mrs. A would probably consult a GP and receive antidepressants, although she may also access a range of other community support programs. Access to and acceptance of psychotherapy would be greater in urban areas, and if she were of Anglo‐Saxon and nonindigenous origin. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol: In Session 63: 725–733, 2007.
Psychotherapy in Mexico: Practice, training, and regulation
Authors: Sanchez‐Sosa Juan Jose 
Published: June 2007

AbstractPsychotherapy conducted by psychologists in Mexico has a long history and shows promising developments but offers a relatively limited choice for health care recipients, especially in public facilities. Psychotherapy by psychologists occurs mainly in private practice, although it is spreading to public institutions such as hospitals and outpatient clinics. Most clinical psychologists in Mexico are trained in some type of psychodynamic approach, although the use of cognitive‐behavioral treatments is spreading quickly. The probability that a patient will actually be seen by a psychologist depends mainly on such characteristics of the patient as socioeconomic status, place of residence, and insurance coverage, if any. These and other attributes of psychotherapy in Mexico are illustrated by the probable treatment of Mrs. A. Psychotherapy in Mexico continues to evolve toward both multidisciplinary work and evidence‐based practices. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol: In Session 63: 765–771, 2007.