bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterizing Frontal Lobe Seizure Semiology in Children
Authors: van Dalen Thijs , Kirkham Jessica F , Chari Aswin , D'Arco Felice , Moeller Friederike , Eltze Christin , Cross J Helen , Tisdall Martin M , Thornton Rachel C 
Published: April 2024

ObjectiveThe objective was to analyze seizure semiology in pediatric frontal lobe epilepsy patients, considering age, to localize the seizure onset zone for surgical resection in focal epilepsy.MethodsFifty patients were identified retrospectively, who achieved seizure freedom after frontal lobe resective surgery at Great Ormond Street Hospital. Video‐electroencephalography recordings of preoperative ictal seizure semiology were analyzed, stratifying the data based on resection region (mesial or lateral frontal lobe) and age at surgery (≤4 vs >4).ResultsPediatric frontal lobe epilepsy is characterized by frequent, short, complex seizures, similar to adult cohorts. Children with mesial onset had higher occurrence of head deviation (either direction: 55.6% vs 17.4%; p = 0.02) and contralateral head deviation (22.2% vs 0.0%; p = 0.03), ictal body‐turning (55.6% vs 13.0%; p = 0.006; ipsilateral: 55.6% vs 4.3%; p = 0.0003), and complex motor signs (88.9% vs 56.5%; p = 0.037). Both age groups (≤4 and >4 years) showed hyperkinetic features (21.1% vs 32.1%), contrary to previous reports. The very young group showed more myoclonic (36.8% vs 3.6%; p = 0.005) and hypomotor features (31.6% vs 0.0%; p = 0.003), and fewer behavioral features (36.8% vs 71.4%; p = 0.03) and reduced responsiveness (31.6% vs 78.6%; p = 0.002).InterpretationThis study presents the most extensive semiological analysis of children with confirmed frontal lobe epilepsy. It identifies semiological features that aid in differentiating between mesial and lateral onset. Despite age‐dependent differences, typical frontal lobe features, including hyperkinetic seizures, are observed even in very young children. A better understanding of pediatric seizure semiology may enhance the accuracy of onset identification, and enable earlier presurgical evaluation, improving postsurgical outcomes. ANN NEUROL 2024;95:1138–1148
Development of an FeII Complex Exhibiting Intermolecular Proton Shifting Coupled Spin Transition
Authors: Ji Tianchi , Su Shengqun , Wu Shuqi , Hori Yuta , Shigeta Yasuteru , Huang Yubo , Zheng Wenwei , Xu Wenhuang , Zhang Xiaopeng , Kiyanagi Ryoji , Munakata Koji , Ohhara Takashi , Nakanishi Takumi , Sato Osamu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this study, we investigated reversible intermolecular proton shifting (IPS) coupled with spin transition (ST) in a novel FeII complex. The host FeII complex and the guest carboxylic acid anion were connected by intermolecular hydrogen bonds (IHBs). We extended the intramolecular proton transfer coupled ST phenomenon to the intermolecular system. The dynamic phenomenon was confirmed by variable‐temperature single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, neutron crystallography, and infrared spectroscopy. The mechanism of IPS was further validated using density functional theory calculations. The discovery of IPS‐coupled ST in crystalline molecular materials provides good insights into fundamental processes and promotes the design of novel multifunctional materials with tunable properties for various applications, such as optoelectronics, information storage, and molecular devices.
Unveiling Crucial Chemical Processing Parameters Influencing the Performance of Solution‐Processed Inorganic Thermoelectric Materials
Authors: Fiedler Christine , Calcabrini Mariano , Liu Yu , Ibáñez Maria 
Published: April 2024

AbstractProduction of thermoelectric materials from solution‐processed particles involves the synthesis of particles, their purification and densification into pelletized material. Chemical changes that occur during each one of these steps render them performance determining. Particularly the purification steps, bypassed in conventional solid‐state synthesis, are the cause for large discrepancies among similar solution‐processed materials. In present work, the investigation focuses on a water‐based surfactant free solution synthesis of SnSe, a highly relevant thermoelectric material. We show and rationalize that the number of leaching steps, purification solvent, annealing, and annealing atmosphere have significant influence on the Sn : Se ratio and impurity content in the powder. Such compositional changes that are undetectable by conventional characterization techniques lead to distinct consolidated materials with different types and concentration of defects. Additionally, the profound effect on their transport properties is demonstrated. We emphasize that understanding the chemistry and identifying key chemical species and their role throughout the process is paramount for optimizing material performance. Furthermore, we aim to demonstrate the necessity of comprehensive reporting of these steps as a standard practice to ensure material reproducibility.
Mitigating Sodium Ordering for Enhanced Solid Solution Behavior in Layered NaNiO2 Cathodes
Authors: Sada Krishnakanth , Kmiec Steven , Manthiram Arumugam 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe O‐type layered nickel oxides suffer from undesired cooperative Jahn–Teller distortion stemming from Ni3+ ions and undergo multiple biphasic structural transformations during the insertion/extraction of large Na+ ions, posing a significant challenge to stabilize the structural integrity. We present here a systematic investigation of the impact of substituting 5 % divalent (Mg2+) or trivalent (Al3+ or Co3+) ions for Ni3+ to alleviate Na+ion ordering and perturb the Jahn–Teller effect to enhance structural stability. We gauge a fundamental understanding of the Mg−O and Na−O or Mg−O−Na bonding interactions, noting that the ionicity of the Mg−O bond deshields the electronic cloud of oxygen from Na+ ions. Furthermore, calculations of the Van Vleck distortion modes reveal a relaxation of NiO6 octahedra from Jahn–Teller distortion and a reduced electron density at the interlayer with Mg2+ substitution. Long‐range (operandoX‐ray diffraction) and short‐range (magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance) structural analyses provide insights into reduced ordering, allowing a stable continuous solid solution. Overall, Mg‐substitution results in a high‐capacity retention of ~96 % even after 100 cycles, showcasing the potential of this strategy for overcoming the structural instabilities and enhancing the performance of sodium‐ion batteries.
Molecular Engineering for Modulating Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution of Fully Conjugated 3D Covalent Organic Frameworks
Authors: Wang Yaqin , Qiao Zelong , Li Han , Zhang Rui , Xiang Zhonghua , Cao Dapeng , Wang Shitao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCovalent organic frameworks (COFs) have recently shown great potential for photocatalytic hydrogen production. Currently almost all reports are focused on two‐dimensional (2D) COFs, while the 3D counterparts are rarely explored due to their non‐conjugated frameworks derived from the sp3 carbon based tetrahedral building blocks. Here, we rationally designed and synthesized a series of fully conjugated 3D COFs by using the saddle‐shaped cyclooctatetrathiophene derivative as the building block. Through molecular engineering strategies, we thoroughly discussed the influences of key factors including the donor‐acceptor structure, hydrophilicity, specific surface areas, as well as the conjugated/non‐conjugated structures on their photocatalytic hydrogen evolution properties. The as‐synthesized fully conjugated 3D COFs could generate the hydrogen up to 40.36 mmol h−1 g−1. This is the first report on intrinsic metal‐free 3D COFs in photocatalytic hydrogen evolution application. Our work provides insight on the structure design of 3D COFs for highly‐efficient photocatalysis, and also reveals that the semiconducting fully conjugated 3D COFs could be a useful platform in clear energy‐related fields.
Expedient Access to 18F‐Fluoroheteroarenes via Deaminative Radiofluorination of Aniline‐Derived Pyridinium Salts
Authors: Ford Joseph , Ortalli Sebastiano , Chen Zijun , Sap Jeroen B. I. , Tredwell Matthew , Gouverneur Véronique 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHerein, we disclose that pyridinium salts derived from abundant (hetero)anilines represent a novel precursor class for nucleophilic aromatic substitution reactions with [18F]fluoride. The value of this new 18F‐fluorodeamination is demonstrated with the synthesis of over 30 structurally diverse and complex heteroaryl 18F‐fluorides, several derived from scaffolds that were yet to be labelled with fluorine‐18. The protocol tolerates heteroarenes and functionalities commonly found in drug discovery libraries, and is amenable to scale‐up and automation on a commercial radiosynthesiser.
Enhancing the UV resistance and flame retardancy of epoxy resin composites with fluorescent carbon dots
Authors: Wang Lingzhi , Liu Hua , Wang Haojie , Zeng Birong , Liu Xiaohui , Xu Yiting , Luo Weiang , Chen Guorong , Yuan Conghui , Dai Lizong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCarbon dots (CDs) are a novel class of carbon material which have gained widespread usages owing to their exceptional optical properties, low toxicity, and high biocompatibility. The nitrogen‐doped carbon dots (N‐CDs) using a normal curing agent of 4,4′‐diaminodiphenylmethane as resource was expected to not only have good compatibility with epoxy resin (EP), but also bring luminescent property to EP composites. It was interesting that the N‐CDs‐EP composites with 12.5 wt% addition exhibited a limiting oxygen index value of 31.4% and reached UL‐94 V‐1 grade, indicating a good flame retardancy. Compared with pure EP, the incorporation of N‐CDs formed more residual char and had extra smoke suppression effect. Besides, the N‐CDs‐EP composites exhibited a low transmittance less than 10% for the light wavelength below 490 nm. The N‐CDs contributed to the light shielding capabilities of the N‐CDs‐EP composites, which could effectively shield purple, blue, and cyan light. Furthermore, the mechanical properties including bending strength and impact strength, the dielectric property, and hydrophobicity of N‐CDs‐EP composites were also improved. The simple but effective modification strategy might be expected to be applied in many polymer systems.
Research on multiwalled carbon nanotubes spray method for preparing flexible piezoresistive tactile sensor
Authors: He Xu , Xie Jiaqing , Pang Haoran , Sun Ruqian , Zhou Tianfeng , Fan Haiyan , Meng Xiaoyu , Nan Xiaohui , Zhou Zhikang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractFlexible piezoresistive tactile sensor (FPTS) is widely used in wearable devices, e‐skin, and so on. However, the performance consistency and durability hinder its widespread application at a larger scale. It is still a challenge to prepare conductive composites with high performance consistency and high durability. In this research, a multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)/polydimethylsiloxane FPTS with high performance consistency and high durability was prepared by a combination of spray and spin coating method. The spray parameters of MWCNTs solution were optimized by numerical simulation, and a self‐developed high pressure spray device was adopted to realize the high‐pressure spray. In the 6000 tensile cycles experiments, the fluctuation of FPTS resistance is less than 5%. The range of prepared FPTS can reach 1.2 kPa, and the sensitivity is 0.8 kPa−1. The results of mouse click and wrist bending tests confirmed that the prepared FPTS can satisfy the detection requirements of wearable devices.
miR‐429 inhibits palmitic acid‐induced apoptosis of porcine subcutaneous preadipocytes by targeting Sox5
Authors: Hua Yonglin , Cao Haigang , Peng Ying , Liu Jie , Li Xiao , Jin Jianjun , Shi Xine 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) can regulate several physiological processes of cells after transcription, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. In this study, we found that 500 μM of palmitic acid (PA) could significantly induce the apoptosis of porcine subcutaneous preadipocytes (p < 0.05). The overexpression of miR‐429 decreased the apoptotic rate of porcine preadipocytes and inhibited the expression of the proapoptotic gene P53 (p < 0.05). In addition, miR‐429 can specifically bind to the 3′ untranslated region of Sox5, and the upregulation of miR‐429 downregulated Sox5 expression. However, Sox5 overexpression promoted the apoptosis of porcine preadipocytes (p < 0.01); the co‐transfection of miR‐429 and pcDNA3.1‐Sox5 into preadipocytes could reverse the inhibition of PA‐induced apoptosis by miR‐429. In conclusion, the present results provide a theoretical basis for elucidating the molecular mechanisms by which miR‐429 and Sox5 regulate the apoptosis of porcine subcutaneous preadipocytes.
The prenatal use of agmatine prevents social behavior deficits in VPA‐exposed mice by activating the ERK/CREB/BDNF signaling pathway
Authors: Chen Shihao , Xu Qi , Zhao Linqian , Zhang Mulan , Xu Huiqin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundAccording to reports, prenatal exposure to valproic acid can induce autism spectrum disorder (ASD)‐like symptoms in both humans and rodents. However, the exact cause and therapeutic method of ASD is not fully understood. Agmatine (AGM) is known for its neuroprotective effects, and this study aims to explore whether giving agmatine hydrochloride before birth can prevent autism‐like behaviors in mouse offspring exposed prenatally to valproic acid.MethodsIn this study, we investigated the effects of AGM prenatally on valproate (VPA)‐exposed mice. We established a mouse model of ASD by prenatally administering VPA. From birth to weaning, we evaluated mouse behavior using the marble burying test, open‐field test, and three‐chamber social interaction test on male offspring.ResultsThe results showed prenatal use of AGM relieved anxiety and hyperactivity behaviors as well as ameliorated sociability of VPA‐exposed mice in the marble burying test, open‐field test, and three‐chamber social interaction test, and this protective effect might be attributed to the activation of the ERK/CREB/BDNF signaling pathway.ConclusionTherefore, AGM can effectively reduce the likelihood of offspring developing autism to a certain extent when exposed to VPA during pregnancy, serving as a potential therapeutic drug.
Depolymerization of the polyester–polyurethane by amidase GatA250 and enhancing the production of 4,4′‐methylenedianiline with cutinase LCC
Authors: Xin Kaiyuan , Lu Jianqi , Zeng Qingyi , Zhang Tianyang , Liu Jiawei , Zhou Jie , Dong Weiliang , Jiang Min 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPolyurethane (PU) is a complex polymer synthesized from polyols and isocyanates. It contains urethane bonds that resist hydrolysis, which decreases the efficiency of biodegradation. In this study, we first expressed the amidase GatA250, and then, assessed the enzymatic characterization of GatA250 and its efficiency in degrading the polyester‐PU. GatA250 degraded self‐synthesized thermoplastic PU film and postconsumption foam with degradation efficiency of 8.17% and 4.29%, respectively. During the degradation, the film released 14.8 µm 4,4′‐methylenedianiline (MDA), but 1,4‐butanediol (BDO) and adipic acid (AA) were not released. Our findings indicated that GatA250 only cleaved urethane bonds in PU, and the degradation efficiency was extremely low. Hence, we introduced the cutinase LCC, which possesses hydrolytic activity on the ester bonds in PU, and then used both enzymes simultaneously to degrade the polyester‐PU. The combined system (LCC‐GatA250) had higher degradation efficiency for the degradation of PU film (42.2%) and foam (13.94%). The combined system also showed a 1.80 time increase in the production of the monomer MDA, and a 1.23 and 3.62 times increase in the production of AA and BDO, respectively, compared to their production recorded after treatment with only GatA250 or LCC. This study provides valuable insights into PU pollution control and also proposes applicable solutions to manage PU wastes through bio‐recycling.
Consumption of centipedes promotes growth and gut microbiome homeostasis in a lizard
Authors: Xie Hongxin , Yang Jing , Tang Guoshuai , Zeng Yao , Luo Shuyi , Sun Baojun , Nie Yonggang , Du Zhenyu , Du Wei‐Guo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAnimals are known for their self‐medicating behavior, and food composition also contributes to animal fitness. In this study, we investigated the dietary habits of endangered Chinese crocodile lizards and found that, compared to adult lizards, juvenile lizards consumed more centipedes, a trend validated through controlled feeding experiments. Juvenile lizards fed with centipedes demonstrated faster growth rates and better body conditions than those fed an earthworm‐only diet, despite no increase in food intake. The centipede‐added group showed lower species richness in the gut microbiome and had more abundant fermentative bacteria, such as Bacteroides, Paraclostridium, and Enterococcus, whereas the earthworm‐only group had more abundant non‐fermentative opportunistic pathogens. Higher concentrations of short‐chain fatty acids, which are mainly derived from bacterial fermentation in the gut, were found in the feces of the centipede‐added group. Therefore, consumption of centipedes promoted the growth and gut microbiota homeostasis of juvenile lizards. This study emphasizes the significance of preserving food diversity in natural environments and increasing dietary diversity in captive populations.
Beyond sleepless nights: Unraveling the complexity of alexithymia and suicide risk among university students
Authors: Daghigh Ahmad 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundThere is a solid relationship between alexithymia and suicide risk. Nonetheless, the specific impact of alexithymia's distinct subscales on suicide risk has received the attention it deserves. This article presents a comprehensive exploration of suicide risk among university students, focusing on the interconnections among alexithymia, insomnia, and suicidal behavior. Three components of alexithymia including difficulties in describing emotions or feelings (DDF), difficulties in identifying emotions or feelings (DIF), and the externally oriented thinking were considered.MethodsThe study involved 208 participants from a Persian university sample, examining the significance of incorporating both alexithymia and insomnia in suicide risk assessment and intervention planning. Insomnia was positioned as a pivotal mediator. A secure electronic link in the Telegram application was employed to collect the data. Both linear and nonlinear prediction models were used to explore potential associations among alexithymia, insomnia, and suicide risk.ResultsThe study revealed substantial positive correlations between alexithymia and suicide risk, as well as between insomnia and suicide risk. Additionally, specific components of alexithymia exhibited noteworthy links to suicide risk. The inclusion of insomnia scores in suicide risk predictions is critical, as it greatly enhances the precision of risk assessments and facilitates the design of targeted and effective therapeutic interventions. The association between alexithymia and suicide risk showed a significant relationship (r = .29, p < .01). Moreover, a significant correlation was observed between alexithymia and insomnia (r = .32, p < .01). Additionally, insomnia exhibited a significant positive correlation with suicide (r = .35, p < .01). Interestingly, DDF and DIF showed positive correlations with suicide (r = .28, p < .01; r = .33, p < .01).ConclusionThe findings carry profound implications for suicide prevention efforts, providing valuable insights to safeguard the well‐being and resilience of university students facing suicide risk challenges.
COVID‐19 and cognitive impairment: From evidence to SARS‐CoV‐2 mechanism
Authors: Pan Haodong , Niu Jingyan , Feng Lin , Yin Yue , Dang Chun , Lu Yaoheng , Li Lei , Ji Jianguang , Yang Kuikun , Wang Lihua , Li Qian 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCaused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) primarily manifests as respiratory dysfunction. However, emerging evidence suggests SARS‐CoV‐2 can invade the brain, leading to cognitive impairment (CI). It may spread to other brain regions through transsynaptic neurons, including the olfactory, optic, and vagus nerves. Moreover, it may invade the central nervous system through blood transmission or the lymphatic system. This review summarizes the neuroimaging evidence from clinical and imaging studies of COVID‐19‐associated CIs, including magnetic resonance imaging and 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography‐computed tomography. The mechanisms underlying COVID‐19‐associated CIs are currently being actively investigated. They include nonimmune effects, such as viral proteins, tissue hypoxia, hypercoagulability, and pathological changes in neuronal cells, and immune effects, such as microglia and astrocyte activation, peripheral immune cell infiltration, blood‐brain barrier impairment, cytokine network dysregulation, and intestinal microbiota. Inflammation is the central feature. Both central and systemic inflammation may cause acute and persistent neurological changes, and existing evidence indicates that inflammation underlies the elevated risk of Alzheimer's disease. Finally, potential therapeutic options for COVID‐19‐associated CIs are discussed. In‐depth research into the pathological mechanisms is still needed to help develop new therapies.
Real‐world treatment patterns and clinical outcomes in patients with stage III NSCLC in Korea: The KINDLE study
Authors: Lee Jiyun , Ahn Hee Kyung , Kim Sang‐We , Han Ji‐Youn , Lee Sung Sook , Park Hyung Soon , Lee Hyun Woo , Kim Joo‐Hang , Cho Eunhan , Huggenberger Reto , Cho Byoung Chul 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveKINDLE‐Korea is part of a real‐world KINDLE study that aimed to characterize the treatment patterns and clinical outcomes of patients with stage III non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Materials and MethodsThe KINDLE was an international real‐world study that explores patient and disease characteristics, treatment patterns, and survival outcomes. The KINDLE‐Korea included stage III NSCLC patients diagnosed between January 2013 and December 2017.ResultsA total of 461 patients were enrolled. The median age was 66 years (range: 24–87). Most patients were men (75.7%) with a history of smoking (74.0%), stage IIIA NSCLC (69.2%), and unresectable disease (52.9%). A total of 24.3% had activating EGFR mutation and 62.2% were positive for PDL1 expression. Broadly categorized, 44.6% of the patients received chemoradiation (CRT)‐based therapy, 35.1% underwent surgery, and 20.3% received palliative therapies as initial treatment. The most commonly adopted approaches for patients with stage IIIA and IIIB disease were surgery and CRT, respectively. The median PFS was 15.2 months and OS was 66.7 months. Age >65 years, adenocarcinoma histology, and surgery as the initial treatment were significantly associated with longer OS.ConclusionThis study revealed the heterogeneity of treatment patterns and survival outcomes in patients with stage III NSCLC before durvalumab consolidation came into clinical practice. There is an unmet need for patients who are not eligible for surgery as an initial therapy. Novel therapeutic approaches are highly warranted to improve clinical outcomes.