bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Solitons in ultrasound imaging: Exploring applications and enhancements via the Westervelt equation
Authors: Chou Dean , Boulaaras Salah Mahmoud , Iqbal Ifrah , Ur Rehman Hamood , Li Tsi-Li 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Ultrasound imaging stands as a cornerstone of modern medical diagnostics, revolutionising clinical practice with its non-invasive, real-time visualisation of internal structures. Central to this technique is the propagation of ultrasound waves and their intricate interplay with biological tissues, culminating in the generation of intricate and detailed images. This study delves into the symbiotic relationship between solitons and ultrasound imaging within the framework of the Westervelt equation, a fundamental model governing ultrasound propagation. Employing the generalised Riccati equation mapping method and the generalised exponential rational function method, a diverse array of soliton solutions is elucidated, encompassing dark, kink, combined dark–bright, combined dark-singular, periodic singular, and singular solitons. Visualisation of these solutions through 3D plots, contour plots, and 2D plots at varying time intervals offers a captivating insight into their dynamic nature. We provide a comparison of these solutions through 2D plots at different parameter values, highlighting their varying impacts. Central to this study is the exploration of how these soliton solutions can be harnessed to enhance the quality and accuracy of ultrasound images in medical imaging. Through meticulous analysis of their characteristics, this research seeks to illuminate their potential applications, paving the way for a new era of precision diagnostics in healthcare. By conducting thorough mathematical analyses and numerical simulations, we seek to elucidate the complex relationship between soliton theory and ultrasound imaging, connecting the theoretical aspects of nonlinear wave phenomena with their practical applications in medical diagnostics. An intensive literature review underscores the novelty of our work.
Recycling Metal, Mobility and Connectivity. An Analysis of Rochelongue Underwater Site Assemblage (seventh–sixth BC) West Languedoc (France)
Authors: Núñez Enrique Aragón , Fabregat Raimon Graells i , Ruiz Ignacio Montero 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This article presents the rationale behind the material culture from Rochelongue underwater site assemblage. This site was located in the 1960s at Cap d’Agde (Languedoc-Rousillon, France) and dated to the last quarter of the seventh–beginning of the sixth century BC. The study is based on the characterisation of the metal finds linked to the so-called “Launacian” phenomenon. The results are applied within the context of mobility, connectivity and cultural interaction, showing metal as the central defining element of these archaeological contexts. The provenance and cultural affiliations of the pieces, determined from chemical and provenance analyses, help, in turn, to determine interactions between the Iberian Peninsula and the rest of Europe. In this context, the South of France is a nexus for direct contact sustained over a certain period, probably economic, although never free from other socio-political considerations. Thus, the article opens debate on the underwater site of Rochelongue and its Launacian material culture context, feeding discussion on its chronology, cultural attribution and typological characterisations, as well as reflecting a greater relevance of the coastal and maritime route and its impact on the Iberian Peninsula than previously considered.
Demography from Late Neolithic graves NW of Paris
Authors: Salanova Laure , Chambon Philippe 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Estimating population from archaeological data involves understanding the representativeness of the supporting material, its chronology and its duration. The Bury grave, located NW of Paris and dated from the late fourth and third millennia BCE, provides all the data for a precise characterisation of more than three hundred dead. The living population was estimated, both qualitatively and quantitatively, on the basis of chronological modeling and references from historical demography for pre-industrial populations.
The results show a major societal shift between the short first phase of the grave use (late fourth millennium BCE), which corresponds to a real community, and the more extensive second phase during the third millennium BCE, which contains a more drastic selection of dead.
We propose to consider the results from Bury as a reference for other graves, which did not provide all the information required for demographic analysis. Bury was thus used to examine the Late Neolithic population of the area located NW of Paris, which corresponds to the main concentration of large collective and megalithic graves, named allées sépulcrales. No less than ten thousand people lived in this area of 2500 km2 during the last centuries of the fourth millennium BCE. It can be assumed that the very high concentration of megalithic burials between northern Germany and southern Sweden refers to a situation identical to that of the Paris area.
ПЕРЕКЛАД УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ КУЛЬТУРНО МАРКОВАНОЇ ЛЕКСИКИ АНГЛІЙСЬКОЮ МОВОЮ (НА ПРИКЛАДІ ОПОВІДАННЯ Г. ТЮТЮННИКА «ОДДАВАЛИ КАТРЮ»)
Authors: Горєлова П. 
Published: February 2025

Постановка проблеми. Через загальносвітовий інтерес до української історії та культури існує потреба в адекватному перекладі українських літературних творів, які містять культурно марковану лексику, тож актуальною є проблема аналізу наявних засобів перекладу такої лексики англійською мовою.
Метою статті є аналіз засобів перекладу культурно маркованої лексики на прикладі оповідання Г. Тютюнника «Оддавали Катрю» та його англомовної версії, створеної А. Біленком.
Методи дослідження. Застосовано описовий метод для ідентифікації культурно маркованих одиниць в оригіналі та перекладі оповідання, метод класифікації для розподілу перекладів культурно маркованих одиниць у групи засобів перекладу, порівняльний метод для визначення адекватності перекладу щодо оригіналу.
Основні результати дослідження. Визначено культурно марковану лексику як частину словника певної мови, яка описує історико-культурні реалії відповідної нації. Через свою прив’язаність до життя певного народу, така лексика потребує комплексного підходу в перекладі, використання засобів, специфічних для безеквівалентної лексики, а також лексичних, граматичних, лексико-граматичних трансформацій. Ідентифіковано, що в оповіданні Г. Тютюнника «Оддавали Катрю» культурно маркована лексика відіграє вагому роль. У її складі можемо виокремити численні власні назви (серед яких антропоніми, топоніми та ідеоніми) і деякі загальні лексеми (такі як реалії, історизми, архаїзми та діалектизми). З’ясовано, що під час перекладу щодо цих одиниць застосовані як специфічні засоби для безеквівалентної лексики, так і загальні трансформації. Визначено, що переклад А. Біленка є загалом адекватним щодо системи культурно маркованих одиниць оригіналу, однак має деякі застарілі особливості транслітерації українських онімів та поодинокі випадки невідповідності перекладу.
Висновки і перспективи. Культурно маркована лексика є проблемою перекладу через її переважну безеквівалентність; для перекладу культурно маркованої лексики можливе застосування специфічних засобів (транскрипція/транслітерація, адаптація, калька) та загальних трансформацій. Добір засобів перекладу має відповідати типу культурно маркованих одиниць, меті їхнього вживання в оригіналі та знанням читача перекладу про відповідну культуру. Перспективу подальших досліджень становить докладніший аналіз зв’язку типів культурно маркованих одиниць із засобами їхнього перекладу.
ПРИНЦИПИ ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ УНІВЕРБАЦІЇ В УКРАЇНСЬКІЙ, АНГЛІЙСЬКІЙ ТА НІМЕЦЬКІЙ МОВАХ
Authors: Шистко А. 
Published: February 2025

Вступ. Проблема визначення універбації є актуальною і передбачає обговорення всіх можливих адекватних пропозицій щодо всебічного висвітлення особливостей мовленнєвої / мовної компресії як явища та комплексної назви низки компресійних процесів у тій чи тій мові. Визначення типології таких процесів залежить від того, у якій площині, тобто на якому рівні, розглядають результативні одиниці, що виникли внаслідок певних системних чи позасистемних (субсистемних) трансформацій.
Метою розвідки є визначення статусу мовного явища універбації в українській, англійській та німецькій мовах. Завданнями постали: 1) з’ясувати активність універбації у тримовному просторі; 2) визначити місце цього процесу в українській, англійській та німецькій мовах.
Методи й прийоми дослідження. Прийом суцільної вибірки, завдяки якому був накопичений фактичний матеріал. Описовий метод, завдяки якому здійснено опис досліджуваного феномену. Порівняльний аналіз, який був використаний для виявлення спільних та відмінних рис різних явищ різних видів універбації в різних мовах.
Основні результати дослідження. Процеси компресії представлені кількома різновидами абревіації, універбації, еліпсису. Усі вони зумовлені, зокрема, мовленнєвою та мисленнєвою економією. Найчастіше говорять про кількісну та якісну економію. Сутність кількісної полягає у формальному скороченні одиниць мовлення в межах певної мови. Це означає, що скорочується кількість знаків для відбиття конкретного значення чи поняття. До такого різновиду економії уналежнюють також економію фізичних зусиль носіїв тієї чи тієї мови. Сутність якісної економії пов’язана із заощадженням ментальних, мисленнєвих зусиль, які мовці витрачають на свідомий пошук потрібних і доречних у конкретній мовленнєвій ситуації мовних засобів на позначення тих чи тих понять у процесі передавання та сприйняття інформації. Зазвичай ці два типи економії виявляються комплексно, тобто окремо один від одного не зреалізовуються, але безпосередньо впливають на результат мовних / мовленнєвих скорочень.
Висновки. Наявний матеріал демонструє часткову універсальність явища універбації в досліджуваних мовах. Попри належність цих мов до різних груп у межах індоєвропейської мовної єдності вони доводять частково ідентичність типології універбів (у межах номем з домінантою-словосполученням), різниця полягає в особливостях структурного втілення синтетичних дублетів номем. Універбація як актуальне явище заслуговує на докладніше вивчення, адже, будучи позасистемним за походженням, воно трансформується у системний мовний феномен, що імплементується і функціонує за законами тієї конкретної мовної системи, до якої належить.
EXERCISE STRETCHING AS AN INTERVENTION TO PREVENT BACK PAIN IN HOME INDUSTRY SHOES KAB. GARUT: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Akmal Sybromiilsy  , Dadang Purnama  , Adelse Prima Mulya  , Witdiawati  
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Working positions that are not in accordance with the principles of body ergonomics will cause work-related illnesses, namely complaints of back pain. Risk factors that can trigger discomfort in the back area include age, body mass index, length of work, type of work chair, sitting position, and physical activity performed. Stretching exercises can increase muscle blood circulation causing spasm and reduced ischemia so that the metabolism of materials needed by the body becomes well dispersed and processes the elimination of waste materials that are not needed by the body more efficiently
The purpose of this study is to increase knowledge about how to deal with back pain in workers.
Method: This type of research used a qualitative study method with a total sample of 8 male workers, all workers did not know about ergonomic positions and there were 6 workers who experienced complaints of back pain.
Result:Actions that can be used to increase knowledge and reduce pain levels in workers withproviding health education on ergonomic positions and stretching exercises.
Conclusion:Based on these actions, workers already know and understand about ergonomic positions that can be applied in the workplace and after doing 12 stretching exercises the workers stated that being more relaxed and comfortable between work, the felt back pain also reduced, to a scale of 2 .

Keywords: Back Pain, Stretching Exercises, Worker
THE TUBERCULOSIS TREATMENT OUTCOMES AND ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS AMONG TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS IN BULE HORA TEACHING HOSPITAL, SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA, 2021: RETROSPECTIVE CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Gelgelo Dawit 
Published: February 2025

Background: In Ethiopia Tuberculosis is the leading causes of morbidity. The incidence of all forms of TB in the Ethiopia was 379/100000 population which is the second on the Africa continent. There are high discrepancies in the result of treatment outcome being reported from the different region of the country with frequent poor treatment outcomes particularly from the southern Ethiopia. Thus, this study aims to assess tuberculosis treatment outcomes and associated factors among tuberculosis patients in Bule Hora University Teaching Hospital, Southern Ethiopia
Methodology: Facility based retrospective cross-sectional document review of 380 patients was conducted to assess the Tuberculosis treatment outcome and associated factors from tuberculosis patients' document registration. Data was entered into the computer using Epi-data software version 3.2 and exported to SPSS software version 25 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariate analysis with 95% confidence intervals were employed to infer associations between the independent and dependent variables.
Result: The documents of 380 tuberculosis patients were reviewed. Among this patients, 87.9% were successfully treated where as 12.1% of the patients were unsuccessfully treated. From this, 53.4% and 34.5% patients were cured and completed the treatment, respectively, where as 3.7%, 5.8%, and 2.6% patients were died, treatment failure, and defaulted, respectively during the follow-up.
Conclusion: The Tuberculosis treatment outcome for the present study was 87.9%, which was lower than national target which was >96% and global target >90% which required improvement. Among 12%.1 of unsuccessful TB treatment outcomes, 6.8% of them were HIV positive. The higher unsuccessful Tuberculosis treatment outcomes among HIV positive patients suggests the need to strengthen adherence education and supervision.
Mine Reclamation Practices Influence Emerging Plant Communities in Appalachia, USA
Authors: Klopf S.K. , Zipper C. , Evans D.M. , Fields-Johnson C. 
Published: February 2025

Reclamation Highlights:
Native tree survival and growth are improved with less competitive groundcover. Of the variables evaluated in this study, selection of favorable mine soil materials was most influential in improving native tree survival and growth. Invasive species are less abundant where native trees are well established.
Simplified radiolabeling process toward rapid photoredox-catalyzed aryl 18F-fluorination and PET tracer development
Authors: Chen Wei , Wang Yueqi , Pan Lili , Lu Kai , Hu Mingxing , Zheng Cheng , Li Mufeng , Xie Yang , Yang Cheng , Sun Hongbao , Wu Xiaoai , Wu haoxing 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

In this work, we established a simplified photoredox-mediated labeling system that allows the rapid aryl 18F-fluorination of electron-neutral and -rich arenes via 19F-18F exchange or/and deoxyfluorination. Notably, this aryl radiofluorination method excludes the cumbersome azeotropic drying procedure and is scalable with the whole eluted 18F- beyond portion synthesis. The nonaqueous tetrabutylammonium perchlorate (TBAP) solution was identified as an ideal neutral eluent to balance the elution and labeling efficiency in combination with a HPO42- preconditioned anion-exchange resin (AER). Base-sensitive substrates like alkyl halide, tetrazine, and lipophilic cations were able to be directly aryl 18F-labeled under the weak basic conditions. Moreover, this azeotropic drying-free photolabeling method was successfully implemented on a commercial automatic radiosynthesis module. Furthermore, a broad range of unnatural amino-acid derivatives were composed and aryl 18F-labeled under the current system, and the arylglycine derivative 18F-FMPG was found to be a promising PET agent targeting amino acid transporters. Taken together, the mild labeling conditions combined with the simplicity of the reaction setup from all commercially available reagents and inexpensive equipment guarantees the repeatability and wide adoption of this aryl 18F-fluorination method for PET agents and drug discovery.
Subjective Well-being: A Key to Bridge Urbanization, Brain and Mental Health
Authors: Qin Wen , Zhao Zhen , Wei Luli , Lin Liyuan , Li Xin , Xie Yingying , Zhang Yu , Zhao Feng , Liu Nana , Dong Haoyang , Liu Mengge , Chen Yayuan , Zhang Yujie , Zhao Qiyu , Luo Yun , Dong Qiqi , Zhang Xue , Fu Xinglong , Liu Yu , Liang Meng , Xu Jiayuan , Ding Hao , Yu Chunshui 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

The pursuit of happiness is a lifelong endeavor for everyone; nevertheless, elucidating its etiology, neurobiological substrates, and implications for mental health continues to pose significant challenges in contemporary research. This study sought to delineate the causal relationships among subjective well-being (SWB), urbanization, brain, and mental health, and to explore the protective role of SWB against prevalent psychiatric disorders. Utilizing data from 198,823 adults in the UK Biobank, including SWB questionnaires (five items), urban living environments (121 variables), neuroimaging data (2,413 measures), mental health assessments (39 indicators), and ICD-10 psychiatric diagnoses (10 disorders), we initially identified two robust SWB components using ten-fold cross-validated factor analysis: internal subjective well-being (ISWB) and social subjective well-being (SSWB). Phenome-wide association studies (PheWAS) revealed significant associations between urbanization variables and both ISWB (78/121) and SSWB (59/121); between neuroimaging indicators and both ISWB (416/2,413 measures) and SSWB (77/2,413); and between mental health assessments and both ISWB (38/39 indicators) and SSWB (37/39) (P < 0.05, Bonferroni corrected). Sequential mediation analysis uncovered 28 causal pathways from urbanization to brain to SWB to mental health (ISWB: 16 pathways, SSWB: 12 pathways), while the moderated mediation analysis revealed 19 pathways where SWB significantly moderated the urbanization → brain → mental health pathways (14 for ISWB, 5 for SSWB). Finally, Cox proportional hazards survival analysis demonstrated that individuals in the highest ISWB sextile had a 76% reduction in the overall risk of developing 10 mental disorders compared with those in the lowest sextile (Z = -29.49, Hazard Ratio [HR] = 0.24, P = 3.93e-191), and SSWB showed a 36% risk reduction (Z = -9.42, HR = 0.64, P = 4.50e-2). Moreover, both SWB components demonstrated the highest protective effects against depression (ISWB: HR = 0.13, SSWB: HR = 0.39). By systematically uncovering the causal pathways through which SWB components differentially participate in the regulation of urban living environments on the human brain, thereby affecting mental health, this study thus provides biological evidence and modifiable SWB indicators for the prevention of common psychiatric disorders.
SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnant women and incidence of thromboembolic disease – an analysis of the Covid-19 Related Obstetric and Neonatal Outcome Study (CRONOS) in Germany
Authors: Pecks Ulrich , Bohlmann Michael K , Andresen Kristin , Büchel Johanna , Bartmann Catharina , Sitter Magdalena , Tihon Anastasia , Kranke Peter , Wöckel Achim , Hollweck Regina , Dressler-Steinbach Iris , Gruessner Susanne , Gruber Teresa M , Eichinger Teresa , Manz Jula , Ruehl Ina M , Lihs Angela , Biermann Anna-Lena , Bauerfeind Lea M , Oberste Kathleen M , Ramsauer Babett , Russe Eveline , Schrey-Petersen Susanne , Erol Filiz Markfeld , Birdir Cahit , Kaup Lisa , Seliger Gregor , Morfeld Christine , Berghaeuser Martin A , Richter Manuela F , Jakubowski Peter , Linnemann Birgit , Rath Werner 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
The aim of the present study was to quantify the rate of thromboembolic events (TE) in pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 infection and to characterize risk factors to provide a basis for individualized recommendation on prophylactic measures.
Methods
CRONOS is a multicenter, prospective observational study conducted in Germany and Austria during the COVID-19 pandemic. Pregnant women with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were enrolled. Data on demographics, medical history, COVID-19-related aspects, and pregnancy and birth outcomes were collected. TE was particularly queried and used as the primary outcome. A combination of “TE,” “maternal or fetal death,” or “severe postpartum hemorrhage” was defined as a secondary endpoint. Risk analyses were performed using univariate and multivariable logistic regression models.
Results
Data from 8033 pregnant patients showed 40 TEs (0.5% incidence). TE rates were 10% in ICU patients, 0.2–0.4% in those with moderate-to-mild COVID-19, and < 0.1% in asymptomatic women. Pulmonary embolism occurred in 21 cases, deep vein thrombosis in 12, and 7 had atypical or arterial TE. Risk factors included advanced gestational age, COVID-19 symptoms, hospitalization or ICU admission, premature birth, cesarean section, delivery within 4 weeks of infection, higher weight gain, anemia, and chronic inflammatory bowel disease. COVID-19 vaccination reduced risk. The logistic risk model yielded an AUC of 0.87 (95% CI 0.81–0.94).
Conclusion
The TE rate in pregnant women is largely determined by the severity of the disease. In asymptomatic or mild cases, other factors outweigh TE risk, while severe COVID-19 requiring ICU admission poses a high TE risk despite prophylaxis.
Features of joint structure formation between Kovar and stainless steel using Cu-Mn-Co(Fe) brazing alloy
Authors: Maksymova Svitlana , Kovalchuk Petro , Voronov Vitalii 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

The study presents the results of research on the structural formation characteristics of brazed joints between Kovar and corrosion-resistant steel when using brazing alloys of the Cu-Mn-4.5Co-(Fe) system. These characteristics were analyzed depending on the alloy composition and the size of the brazing gap. Metallographic and micro-X-ray spectral studies of dissimilar brazed joints revealed that the use of Cu-Mn-4.5Co and Cu-Mn-Co-2.5Fe alloys results in the formation of joint structures with morphologies that differ significantly from the initial state of the brazing alloys. In both cases, the brazed joints contain a solid solution based on the copper-manganese system. The difference lies in the phases formed: when using the Cu-Mn-4.5Co alloy, a manganese-based phase enriched with iron is formed, whereas the Cu-Mn-Co-2.5Fe alloy leads to the formation of an iron-based phase. It was demonstrated that reducing the brazing gap increases the amount of γ-phase Fex(MnyCozMe), in the joint when using Cu-Mn-4.5Co-2.5Fe, which positively affects the mechanical properties of the joints. This improvement is evidenced by the fracture of samples occurring in the base metal, namely, the corrosion-resistant steel.