bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Resistance of Hot-Pressed Dysprosium Molybdate Samples
Authors: Eremeeva Z. V. , Sharipzyanova G. H. , Levina V. V. 
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this work was to study the consolidation features using hot pressing method of dysprosium molybdate billets and to study their mechanical properties and corrosion resistance.Methods. The technological and physical properties of the mechanosynthesised dysprosium molybdate powder were investigated. Properties and structure of the obtained dysprosium molybdate powder were studied by methods of chemical and X-ray phase analyses and scanning electron microscopy. Bulk density of dysprosium molybdate powder was studied according to GOST 19440-94. Flowability of dysprosium molybdate powder was determined according to GOST 20899-75. The specific surface of dysprosium molybdate was determined using a specific surface analyser NOVA 1200e (USA) by the method of low-temperature nitrogen adsorption (BET). X-ray phase analysis of mechanosynthesised dysprosium molybdate powder was carried out on a diffractometerResults. The bending strength of hot-pressed dysprosium molybdate specimens was determined, it was found that the highest value of the bending strength was recorded for these specimens at a pressing pressure of 35 MPa and is 314 MPa. The corrosion resistance of hot-pressed dysprosium molybdate samples in aqueous coolant at a temperature of 100 °C was studied. It was recorded that the mass of the mechanosynthesised dysprosium molybdate specimens remained practically unchanged throughout the corrosion resistance test in aqueous coolant.Conclusion. Tests on corrosion resistance have shown absence of change of mass of samples from dysprosium molybdate during 60 hours. The bending strength of samples from dysprosium molybdate obtained by hot pressing at pressure 35 Pa, temperature 1400 oÑ and time of holding under pressure 5 min is 314 MPa.
Transforming Primary Care Data Into the Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership Common Data Model: Development and Usability Study
Authors: Fruchart Mathilde , Quindroit Paul , Jacquemont Chloé , Beuscart Jean-Baptiste , Calafiore Matthieu , Lamer Antoine 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Patient-monitoring software generates a large amount of data that can be reused for clinical audits and scientific research. The Observational Health Data Sciences and Informatics (OHDSI) consortium developed the Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership (OMOP) Common Data Model (CDM) to standardize electronic health record data and promote large-scale observational and longitudinal research.

Objective
This study aimed to transform primary care data into the OMOP CDM format.

Methods
We extracted primary care data from electronic health records at a multidisciplinary health center in Wattrelos, France. We performed structural mapping between the design of our local primary care database and the OMOP CDM tables and fields. Local French vocabularies concepts were mapped to OHDSI standard vocabularies. To validate the implementation of primary care data into the OMOP CDM format, we applied a set of queries. A practical application was achieved through the development of a dashboard.

Results
Data from 18,395 patients were implemented into the OMOP CDM, corresponding to 592,226 consultations over a period of 20 years. A total of 18 OMOP CDM tables were implemented. A total of 17 local vocabularies were identified as being related to primary care and corresponded to patient characteristics (sex, location, year of birth, and race), units of measurement, biometric measures, laboratory test results, medical histories, and drug prescriptions. During semantic mapping, 10,221 primary care concepts were mapped to standard OHDSI concepts. Five queries were used to validate the OMOP CDM by comparing the results obtained after the completion of the transformations with the results obtained in the source software. Lastly, a prototype dashboard was developed to visualize the activity of the health center, the laboratory test results, and the drug prescription data.

Conclusions
Primary care data from a French health care facility have been implemented into the OMOP CDM format. Data concerning demographics, units, measurements, and primary care consultation steps were already available in OHDSI vocabularies. Laboratory test results and drug prescription data were mapped to available vocabularies and structured in the final model. A dashboard application provided health care professionals with feedback on their practice.
Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia Prediction Models Based on AI: Scoping Review
Authors: Zhang Jinbo , Yang Pingping , Zeng Lu , Li Shan , Zhou Jiamei 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a serious complication of mechanical ventilation therapy that affects patients’ treatments and prognoses. Owing to its excellent data mining capabilities, artificial intelligence (AI) has been increasingly used to predict VAP.

Objective
This paper reviews VAP prediction models that are based on AI, providing a reference for the early identification of high-risk groups in future clinical practice.

Methods
A scoping review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines. The Wanfang database, the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PubMed, MEDLINE, and Embase were searched to identify relevant articles. Study selection and data extraction were independently conducted by 2 reviewers. The data extracted from the included studies were synthesized narratively.

Results
Of the 137 publications retrieved, 11 were included in this scoping review. The included studies reported the use of AI for predicting VAP. All 11 studies predicted VAP occurrence, and studies on VAP prognosis were excluded. Further, these studies used text data, and none of them involved imaging data. Public databases were the primary sources of data for model building (studies: 6/11, 55%), and 5 studies had sample sizes of <1000. Machine learning was the primary algorithm for studying the VAP prediction models. However, deep learning and large language models were not used to construct VAP prediction models. The random forest model was the most commonly used model (studies: 5/11, 45%). All studies only performed internal validations, and none of them addressed how to implement and apply the final model in real-life clinical settings.

Conclusions
This review presents an overview of studies that used AI to predict and diagnose VAP. AI models have better predictive performance than traditional methods and are expected to provide indispensable tools for VAP risk prediction in the future. However, the current research is in the model construction and validation stage, and the implementation of and guidance for clinical VAP prediction require further research.
Functional magnetic resonance imaging of the brain in patients with insomnia: a prospective study
Authors: Trushina L.  I. , Borshevetskaya A. A. , Grishchenkov A. S. , Sviryaev Yu.  V. , Bochkarev M. V. , Gordeev A.  D. , Efimtsev A. Yu. , Trufanov G.  E. 
Published: April 2024

INTRODUCTION: Insomnia is one of the most common sleep disorders, the interest of scientists in the occurrence and pathophysiology of insomnia is growing every year. In particular, the brain connectome and its changes in sleep disorders are being actively studied based on the data of resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging.OBJECTIVE: The study is to assess changes in brain connectomes in patients with chronic insomnia using functional magnetic resonance imaging.MATERIALS AND METHODS: 53 people took part in the study, of which 34 patients who applied for a somnologist’s appointment at the Almazov National Research Medical Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation were diagnosed with chronic insomnia, confirmed by polysomnography. All participants of the study had an MRI of the brain on tomographs with a magnetic field induction force of 3.0 Tl at two time points.Statistics: Statistical analysis of MRI data was performed using MathLab 2018a, CONN v1.7. Descriptive statistics, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov criterion were used to process the materials, depending on the characteristics of the data, the MannWhitney U-criterion and Pearson Chi-squared were used to analyze demographic data.RESULTS: The study, neuroimaging markers of insomnia were identified and changes in the functional networks of the brain were described in patients with insomnia and a group of healthy volunteers at different time points.DISCUSSION: The obtained functional data demonstrate ambiguous results. Both an increase and a decrease in the functional connectivity of the medial prefrontal cortex with the structures of the visual analyzer, an increase in functional connections with the temporal pole, in particular with the hippocampus, is determined, which indicates changes in the consolidation of visually encoded information. The relative limitation in this study can be considered the heterogeneity of the age composition of the group.CONCLUSSION: Resting state functional MRI of the brain is a key neuroimaging method in determining the functional connections of the brain in patients with sleep disorders, which allows us to establish a impairment of functional interaction between brain structures involved in the processes of falling asleep and maintaining sleep.
Diagnostic capabilities of PET/CT with <sup>18</sup>F-DOPA in biochemical recurrence of medullary thyroid carcinoma: a retrospective study
Authors: Tsentr N. V. , Zyryanova A. A. , Rusnak M. A. , Ryzhkova D. V. 
Published: April 2024

INTRODUCTION: Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTС) is a rare neuroendocrine malignant neoplasm of the thyroid gland. In most cases, sporadic MTС is diagnosed at late stages due to the absence of specific symptoms. The main method of treatment of MTС is surgical — thyroidectomy and in most cases cervical lymphodissection. Current international guidelines suggest the use of basal calcitonin levels and cancer embryonic antigen (CEA) as markers of biochemical recurrence. In biochemical recurrence of the disease, it is advisable to search for tumor foci regardless of the level of cancer markers. Positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography (PET/CT) has the highest sensitivity and specificity for searching for local recurrence and distant metastases. Anatomical imaging methods (computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)) have suboptimal sensitivity and specificity in detection of a recurrent tumor.OBJECTIVE: To explore the diagnostic capabilities of PET/CT with 18F-DOPA in patients with biochemical recurrence of medullary thyroid carcinoma, depending on the concentration of calcitonin in blood plasma.MATERIALS AND METHODS: To evaluate the diagnostic capabilities of PET/CT with 18F-DOPA in patients with biochemical recurrence of medullary thyroid carcinoma, 81 PET/CT studies were analyzed in patients after thyroidectomy. In most cases (76/81), at the time of the study, patients had elevated basal calcitonin levels (>10 pg/ml, including in 52/81 cases >150 pg/ml), which corresponded to a biochemical recurrence of the disease. In 6 cases, the calcitonin level was <10 pg/ml. PET/CT results were processed by visual image analysis, measurement of a semi-quantitative indicator of the maximal standardized level of radiopharmaceutical accumulation normalized to lean body mass (SUVlbm max) and the total volume of PET-positive tumor tissue (metabolic tumor volume).RESULTS: In 41 studies, foci of pathological accumulation of 18F-DOPA were identified, corresponding to recurrent tumor foci. DOPA-negative results in patients with elevated calcitonin levels were regarded as false negative. The highest sensitivity of the method was achieved at calcitonin levels >150 pg/ml. A noticeable positive correlation was found between the concentration of basal serum calcitonin, the number of pathological foci of 18F-DOPA hyperaccumulation and the total metabolic volume of tumor tissue. In most cases of biochemical recurrence, the PET method was superior to the CT method in detecting recurrent tumor foci.CONCLUSION: PET/CT with 18F-DOPA is the most informative method for molecular and structural imaging in patients with biochemical recurrence of medullary thyroid carcinoma. The results of the study directly correlate with the level of basal calcitonin in the blood.
To the Question of the Methodology for Evaluating the Effectiveness of Integration Associations on the Example of ASEAN and EAEU
Authors: Martynova E. S. 
Published: April 2024

This study is aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the EAEU and ASEAN taking into account the dynamics of their development as well as identify the features of methodological approaches using for assessing the effectiveness of integration associations.Aim. A comparative analysis of ASEAN and EAEU in terms of the effectiveness of these associations, as well as an analysis of existing methodological approaches for assessing the effectiveness of regional integration structures.Tasks. Carry out monitoring of existing methods of assessing the effects of international economic integration and approaches of assessing the effectiveness of integration associations in general. To identify the “weaknesses” of the applied methodological approaches and to formulate practical recommendations for an objective and comprehensive assessment of the effectiveness of international integration associations.Methods. The article uses the comparative analysis method, SWOT analysis method, the gravity method and a system of indicators of Eurasian integration.Results. We have to admit that there is still no methodology that allows to compare the effectiveness of various integration blocks correctly. Therefore, it is advisable to evaluate integration associations only comprehensively taking into account not only economic indicators but also political factors.Conclusion. At the moment there is no comprehensive methodology that would allow to compare the effectiveness of various integration structures and intergovernmental organizations in terms of clearly defined quantitative and qualitative indicators. The study revealed that all applied methods have a number of errors that complicate an objective assessment. The lack of relevant data and statistics on a number of key parameters, the complexity of accounting and analysis of intangible factors of production and cooperation, ignoring possible negative effects from integration and a number of other problems make it impossible to build a comprehensive methodology for assessing the effectiveness of regional integration.
Legal Regulation of Parallel Import in the States of the Eurasian Region
Authors: Kirilenko V. P. , Guseinova D. M. 
Published: April 2024

The article is devoted to the problem of regulating parallel imports in the countries of the Eurasian region, which is significant in the conditions of the modern world economy. The relevance of this issue is related to the economic sanctions applied to such states of the Eurasian region as the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus. The legal regulation of issues of protection of intellectual property rights in Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, China, and Azerbaijan is analyzed. Special attention is paid to the consideration of the practice of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, as well as legal acts regulating the rights of both copyright holders and importers and consumers, who are subject to the consequences of certain decisions of copyright holders who do not consent to the import of goods into different states.Aim. Research of the legal regulation of the institution of parallel imports in the states of the Eurasian region in the context of economic sanctions.Tasks. Analysis of regulations governing the protection of intellectual property rights in the states of the Eurasian region, research of the main directions of parallel imports in the states of the Eurasian region, as well as identification of the main legal problems associated with the legalization of parallel imports in the region.Methods. Comparative legal and cross-temporal analysis of international and national regulations in the field of antitrust, copyright and customs law, as well as the study and analysis of general scientific literature and the formation of one’s own conclusions during the research.Results. As a rule, the states of the Eurasian region have established the national principle of exhaustion of rights to a trademark, and the international principle is used as an exception for certain groups of goods. The legalization of parallel imports raises several formal questions about the compliance of permission to import without the consent of the copyright holder with the international obligations of various states.Conclusions. In connection with the introduction of economic sanctions against some states of the Eurasian region, parallel imports are an effective mechanism for protecting the domestic market from abuses by copyright holders who unreasonably deny importers the right to distribute goods. Also, one of the methods to neutralize the consequences of sanctions regulation is to use the markets of other countries in the Eurasian region, which do not directly prohibit parallel imports.
Transparency of Information about the CSTO Collective Security Regions in the Context of Hybrid Warfare and Cognitive Security
Authors: Kocharian V. K. , Storogin M. S. 
Published: April 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis and criticism of the cognitive role of the information and analytical potential of the CSTO in the conditions of hybrid pressure from the actors of the Eurasian arc of instability [5, p. 62]. The object and subject of the study considered, respectively, the information content of the Organization’s website and published data on collective security regions.Aim. To substantiate the need for finding new ways to interact with the target audience, as well as the transition from the reactive principle of crisis response to a system for preventing and resolving crisis situations based on a scientific approach and advanced information technologies.Tasks. To reveal the importance of transparency of current data on the boundaries and regions of collective security of the CSTO cognitive security in conditions of escalation and psychological pressure from the outside. Propose a new direction for the development of the official websites of the Organization.Methods. The study was carried out from the perspective of a civilizational and historical approach, systemic and critical analysis.Results. An original interpretation of the cognitive role and inclusiveness of publicly available data published on the website of an international security organization is presented.Conclusions. The multifactorial scientific search for reliable information and the public availability of information on the issues of the regions and borders of the CSTO is acquiring increasing theoretical and practical importance. It is advisable to consider the situation on the borders and in the regions of collective security of the CSTO through the prism of spatial-geographical, military-political and socioeconomic factors. Activating the cognitive role, transparency and inclusiveness of published open information about the activities of the CSTO are promising ways to build up the Organization’s potential in a hybrid war.
Efficient Vascular and Neural Engraftment of Stem Cell–Derived Islets
Authors: Thorngren Julia , Brboric Anja , Vasylovska Svitlana , Hjelmqvist Daisy , Westermark Gunilla T. , Saarimäki-Vire Jonna , Kvist Jouni , Balboa Diego , Otonkoski Timo , Carlsson Per-Ola , Lau Joey 
Published: April 2024

Pluripotent stem cell–derived islets (SC-islets) have emerged as a new source for β-cell replacement therapy. The function of human islet transplants is hampered by excessive cell death posttransplantation; contributing factors include inflammatory reactions, insufficient revascularization, and islet amyloid formation. However, there is a gap in knowledge of the engraftment process of SC-islets. In this experimental study, we investigated the engraftment capability of SC-islets at 3 months posttransplantation and observed that cell apoptosis rates were lower but vascular density was similar in SC-islets compared with human islets. Whereas the human islet transplant vascular structures were a mixture of remnant donor endothelium and ingrowing blood vessels, the SC-islets contained ingrowing blood vessels only. Oxygenation in the SC-islet grafts was twice as high as that in the corresponding grafts of human islets, suggesting better vascular functionality. Similar to the blood vessel ingrowth, reinnervation of the SC-islets was four- to fivefold higher than that of the human islets. Both SC-islets and human islets contained amyloid at 1 and 3 months posttransplantation. We conclude that the vascular and neural engraftment of SC-islets are superior to those of human islets, but grafts of both origins develop amyloid, with potential long-term consequences.

Article Highlights
Calidad de cuidados de enfermería en nacidos con síndrome de aspiración meconial.
Authors: Lopez Escalona Deivis Eduardo 
Published: April 2024

Dentro del área de la salud se presentan diversas complicaciones, en este artículo se toma como escenario de estudio el servicio de neonatología en donde los neonatos y recién nacidos presentan una serie de complicaciones que ameritan cuidados especializados por profesionales de la salud. El objetivo o intencionalidad es analizar la calidad de cuidados de enfermería aplicados a recién nacidos con síndrome de aspiración meconial, recluidos en el área de neonatología del hospital San Vicente de Paul de la ciudad de Ibarra. Se toma esta investigación por la complicación que tiene este síndrome que amenaza con la vida de quien la padece, dentro de la metodología se realizó un trabajo descriptivo con un método deductivo bajo un enfoque mixto. Como material se utilizó la entrevista a tres (3) médicos con especialidad en neonatología que laboran en dicho servicio a los cuales se les aplico el instrumento que fue un guion de entrevistas con preguntas abiertas, por otra parte se realizó una encuesta a diez (10) madres de pacientes con SAM. Para el análisis de los resultados se utilizó la triangulación de respuestas obtenidas durante la entrevista y el análisis estadístico para las encuetas realizadas. Como resultado se obtiene que los cuidados de enfermería son fundamentales para la recuperación de neonatos y recién nacidos que padecen el síndrome de aspiración meconial, y que los familiares se encuentran satisfechos con el personal de enfermería pero no con los obstétricos que laboran en el área obstétrica por falta de destrezas, Se concluye que gran parte de este problema se debe a la falta de control en el embarazo, falta de orientaciones respecto a signos de alarma y a cuidados tradicionales de dar a luz en los hogares atendidos por parteras y no por profesionales especializados en temas obstétricos y de neonatología.