bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Needle aspiration cytology and lmmunocytochemical study in a case of angiosarcoma of the breast
Authors: Gupta Raj K. , Naran Sarla , Dowle Carl 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA case of angiosarcoma of breast diagnosed by needle aspiration cytology (NAC) is documented. The signifcant features which enabled the NAC diagnosis included presence of spindly to polygonal malignant endothelial lining cells appearing as papillary tufts merging with solid areas, branching effects, and presence of microacinar structures lined with abnormal spindly to polygonal cells indicative of vasoformative structures.Immunostaining for factor VIII and vimentin was strongly positive in the malignant spindly polygonal endothelial cells and further supported the NAC diagnosis. Similar findings were also seen in sections of cell blocks from aspirate and excised biopsy tissue from the breast tumor in hematoxylin‐eosin stained sections and on immunostaining. Despite the rarity of occurrence of angiosarcoma in the breast it was felt that its cytologic diagnosis is possible especially in cases in which the lesion is extensive because of a good chance of getting a cellular sample on aspiration. This can be of considerable value for deciding an appropriate management and as a possible guide to prognosis.
Cytodiagnosis of colonic adenoma: Morphology and clinical importance
Authors: Kannan Vaidehi , Masters Charles B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis is a retrospective review of 74 colonic brushings with a view to identiyy colonic adenomas and recognize the cytologic features of villous adenoma (VA) and tubular adenoma (TA). Smears were reviewed for overall field pattern as well as individual cellular changes. The results were tabulated and analyzed for differences and similarities.The most distinguishing feature of adenoma was the presence of isolated and clustered elongate “needle” and “Yan” cells as first described by Thabet. These were more abundant and in papillary cluster formations in VA as opposed to clusters of more blunted configuration in TA. Another striking feature of VA was an abundance of elongated benign naked needle nuclei in the background. Smears from some cases of TA revealed isolated and clustered needle cells in low numbers but almost no naked nuclei. Tubulovillous adenoma (TVA) showed features of VA on brush cytology. A hemorrhagic diathesis was distinctly more prominent in VA than in TA. However, focally some red cells were noted in smears from TA. The patterns of TA and VA were otherwise essentially similar with regard to cellularity, individual cell sizes, N/C ratios, and nuclear appearance.
Fxine‐needle aspiration biopsy of papillary thyroid carcinoma: Cytologic, histologic, and ultrastructural correlations
Authors: Akhtar Mohammed , Ali Muhammad Ashraf , Huq Mahmuda , Bakry Mohammed 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAspiration smears from a series of 21 papillary thyroid carcinomas were studied and a number of morphologic features correlated with the histologic and ultrastructural patterns. These included types of papillary structures, metaplastic cells, grooved and lobulated nuclei, optically clear nuclei, intranuclear inclusions, and macrophages. Generally there was a close correlation between histologic and cytologic findings. The numbers of macrophages and metaplastic cells appeared to be exaggerated in aspiration smears as compared with those seen on histologic sections. Optically clear nuclei were not seen on the air‐dried cytologic smears. Grooved nuclei were somewhat difficult to recognize in the aspiration smears, although lobulated nuclei were identifed easily. We consider the latter to be a significant feature in the diagnosis of papillary carcinoma. Ultrastructurally grooved nuclei showed a deep linear indentation of the nuclear membranes. Lobulated nuclei were characterized by multiple indentations that divided the nucleus into several lobules.
Fine‐needle aspiration biopsy of malignant melanoma: A cytologic and immunocytochemical analysis
Authors: Simmons Thomas J. , Martin Sue Ellen 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe immunoreactivity of alcohol‐fixed cell blocks from 15 fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) specimens of malignant melanoma was investigated using monoclonal antibodies to keratin and vimentin intermediate filaments, melanoma cytoplasmic antigen (HMB‐45), and S‐100, as well as polyclonal antibodies to S‐100. The results were compared with the immunoprofiles obtained using formalin‐fxed surgical specimens from 10 of the same patients, In all cases, immunostaining for keratin was negative and immunostaining for vimentin was positive. Immunostaining for HMB‐45 was positive in 13/15 aspirates and in 9/10 surgical specimens. Immunostaining for S‐100 protein showed the greatest variability in staining, with 5/15 fine needle aspiration biopsies and 9/10 surgical specimens being positive using the polyclonal antibody and only 1/15 FNA specimens and 7/10 surgical specimens being positive using the monoclonal S‐100 reagent. Our findings indicate that immunocytochemical studies can be very useful as an adjunct in the FNA diagnosis of melanoma. Also included in our series is an unusual variant of malignant melanoma, the so‐called signet ring melanoma. Given the location of the anal verge, the use of immunocytochemical markers was essential in establishing the correct diagnosis in this case. While S‐100 protein is of limited value as a marker of melanoma in alcohol‐fixed FNA specimens, a definitive diagnosis of malignant melanoma can be made using a panel of antibodies including keratin, vimentin, and HMB‐45.
Cryptococcal thyroiditis: Report of a case diagnosed by fine‐needle aspiration cytology
Authors: Vaidya Kamini P. , Lomvardias Stylianos 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA 54‐yr‐old female diabetic presented with a febrile illness and respiratory distress associated with bilateral alveolar infiltration. The left lobe of the thyroid gland was enlarged and failed to concentrate pertechnetate. The patient was euthyroid. Cryptococcus neoformans was recognized in a fine‐needle aspirate and was confirmed by culture: it was also grown in blood culture. Death was attributed to the respiratory condition. This report emphasizes the emergence of mycotic infections of the thyroid and presents an efficient method for their identification.
Cytologic features of collagenous spherulosis of the breast
Authors: Johnson Terri L. , Kini Sudha R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCollagenous spherulosis is generally classified as a component of benign proliferative breast disease. Previous reports have described the histologic features of collagenous spherulosis, but we are unaware of cytologic descriptions of the condition. In this report, the cytologic features of collagenous spherulosis are described and the differential diagnosis is discussed.
Fine‐needle aspiration cytology of an unusual primary lung tumor, chondrosarcoma: Case report
Authors: Stanfield Barbara L. , Powers Celeste N. , Desch Christopher E. , Brooks James W. , Frable William J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA case of primary chondrosarcoma of the lung diagnosed by fineneedle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) cytology in a 78‐yr‐old male is presented. A mass detected on chest x‐ray and defined by CT scan was subjected to a preoperative percutaneous fine‐needle aspiration under fluoroscopic guidance. The distinctive cytologic features of pleomorphic cells nestled in lacunae surrounded by a chondromyxoid background resulted in a diagnosis of chondrosarcoma. The left upper lobectomy specimen confirmed the FNAB diagnosis and identified the tumor as arising from the left upper lobe bronchus.
Megakaryocytes in fine‐needle aspiration biopsy of breast
Authors: Chen Karl T. K. , Tschang Tai‐Po 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAn unusual case in which megakaryocytes were found in fine needle aspirate of a breast lesion is reported. The megakaryocytes in the smears were initially mistaken to be malignant cells. However, the cell block sections available later showed normal bone marrow particles, indicating that an inadvertent puncture of a rib was the reason for the presence of megakaryocytes in the smears.
Cyto‐histological correlates in a colposcopic clinic: A 1‐year prospective study
Authors: Joseph Mariamma G. , Cragg Frank , Wright V. Cecil , Kontozoglou Theodosios E. , Downing Patricia , Marks Francis R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAs part of the Quality Assurance Program, all surgical pathology reports of cervical colposcopic biopsies, cone biopsies, and hysterectomy specimens of 772 consecutive patients were correlated with cytology results for a period of 1 yr. The abnormality in cytology or histology ranged from HPV effect to invasive carcinoma. Cytohistological correlation within one grade of severity was obtained in 662 (86%)cases. On formal review of the remaining 110 (14%) cases, sampling error occurred in 75 cytology smears and in 21 colposcopic biopsies. Screening and interpretation error occurred in 10 smears and four biopsies. In this study the sensitivity of cervical cytology in detecting epithelial abnormalities was 90%, with a positive predictive value of 99.7%. The false‐negative rate of cytology was 11 % and the false‐positive rate 0.26%. The majority (90%) of false negatives were due to sampling error; the rest were due to laboratory error. The sensitivity of colposcopic biopsy was 97% with a positive predictive value of 99.4%. The falsenegative rate of biopsy was 2.7% and the false‐positive rate 0.5%.Endocervical cells were seen in 48% (370) of smears and absent in 52% (402). However, in both instances the detection rate of squamous abnormality was 90%. Also 43% (33) of smears that showed endocervical cells failed to contain the abnormal cells. Endocervical curettage or cone biopsy in 16 of these 33 cases clearh showed a small CIN‐III lesion high in the endocervical canal. We believe that the value of endocervical cells as an indicator of adequacy is questionable. Our results indicate that smears with HPV effect or CIN‐I would require colposcopic evaluation and cervical biopsy in order to exclude an underlying more severe lesion.
Working formulation of the non‐Hodgkin's lymphomas: A study of cell size and mitotic indices in cytologic subtypes
Authors: Das Dilip K. , Gupta Subhash K. , Datta Bhoopendra N. , Sharma Suresh C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCell size and mitotic indices were studied in 243 nonHodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) diagnosed cytologically and classified according to the Working Formulation. Low‐, intermediate‐, and high‐grade lymphomas constituted 14.8%, 18.9%, and 61.7% of the cases, respectively. Measurement of the diameter of 100 lymphoid cells in each case showed that in most of the low‐grade malignant lymphomas, 50‐80% of the cells were small (< 10 μm). A majority of the cells (an average of 45‐60%) in intermediate‐ and high‐grade lymphomas were in the range of 11‐15 μm. Only the intermediate‐grade large noncleaved and high‐grade immunoblastic lymphomas had a majority of their cells (> 50%) larger than 15 μm. The mitotic indices (number of mitotic figures per 500 lymphoid cells) showed a highly significant difference between low‐ (0.7±1.14), intermediate‐ (3.0±2.67), and high‐grade (5.4±3.40) lymphomas using the Wilcoxon's signed rank test (P < 0.0001). Nearly two‐thirds of the cases in each grade were within specific ranges of mitotic indices, i.e., < 1 for low‐, 1‐3 for intermediate‐, and > 3 for high‐grade lymphomas.
Fine‐needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) diagnosis of testicular involvement in acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children
Authors: Akhtar Mohammed , Ali M. Ashraf , Burgess Anwaar , Aur Rhomes J. A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA series of 106 fine‐needle aspiration biopsy specimens obtained from the testes of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia was reviewed retrospectively. Involvement by leukemia was seen in 34, there was no evidence of disease in 52, and the cellular sample was inadequate in 20, All aspiration smears, except those with leukemic involvement, showed a variable number of Sertoli cells. Testicular leukemia was diagnosed by the presence of numerous leukemic cells and rare or no Sertoli cells. Fine‐needle aspiration biopsy is a simple but effective technique for diagnosing leukemic involvement of the testis in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Granulomatous prostatitis: A spectrum including nonspecific, infectious, and spindle cell lesions
Authors: Stanley Michael W. , Horwitz Charles A. , Sharer William , Uke Erol , Kaye Keith , Burton Linda 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMost granulomas of the prostate are nonspecific; infectious, post‐operative, and allergic lesions are much less common. Fine‐needle aspiration findings in the typical case are distinctive and easily recognized. Several series have been reported, but few have included histologic follow‐up. We describe three cases of granulomatom prostatitis (GP) which showed a spectrum of findings confirmed by histologic sections. In all cases, carcinoma was suspected clinically. Case 1 represents typical nonspecific GP with epithelioid and multinucleated histiocytes. In case 2, aggregates of epithelioid histiocytes alternated with areas of necrosis and neutrophils. Histologically, the granulomas showed purulent centers. Silver stains revealed budding yeast in smears and sections. Cultures of FNA material subsequently revealed Cryptococcus. In case 3, the histiocytes were predominantly spindled and occurred singly and in groups. The differential diagnosis included reactive and neoplastic spindle cell lesions. Histologic sections showed GP with spindled histiocytes. Appreciation of the broad cytologic spectrum of GP will facilitate accurate cytologic diagnosis.
Cytology of endobronchial granular cell tumor
Authors: Mermolja Milivoj , Rott Tomaž 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCytologic features of four cases of endobronchial granular cell tumor are presented. The diagnostic cells were found in bronchoscopically obtained material. They were arranged in smaller clusters and had finely granular cytoplasm with uniform oval or round nuclei. Frequently the cells are overlooked on regular cytologic examination owing to their benign nature. Nevertheless, there are enough cytomorphologic features that help to distinguish these cells from macrophages and bronchial epithelial cells. It is essential that the possibility of granular cell tumor is considered on cytologic examination. Final diagnosis, however, requires histologic verification.
Echinococcosis (hydatid disease) in Missouri: Diagnosis by fine‐needle aspiration of a lung cyst
Authors: Ingram Ellis A. , Helikson Mary Alice 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEchinococcus granulosus was diagnosed by fine‐needle aspiration cytology of a lung cyst in a 6‐yr‐old white female in central Missouri. No adverse reaction occurred following the aspiration. The cytologic sample yielded clear fluid containing numerous clearly identifiable protoscoleces diagnostic for echinococcosis using routine PAP staining. Since hydatid disease is extremely uncommon in the Midwest, it had not initially been considered in the differential diagnosis. The infection was probably not indigenous to Missouri, since the patient lived the first 3 ½ yr of life in Alaska, where the organism is endemic. This can only be speculative, however, since echinococcal organisms are found in wildlife in the Midwest.
Occurrence of Pneumocystis carinii organisms in a peritoneal effusion from a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
Authors: Magliocco A. , Miller K. , Robertson D. I. , Gill M. J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe describe a unique case of Pneumocystis carinii organisms within a peritoneal effusion of a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The patient, a 28‐yr‐old homosexual male with profound immunosuppression, presented with splenomegaly and ascites. A peritoneal tap was performed for diagnostic purposes. Cytologic examination of the cytospin specimen showed reactive mesothelial cells along with aggregates of debris reminiscent of the foamy exudates seen in the alveoli of lungs infected with the Pneumocystis carinii organism. A modified methanamine silver stain was performed and revealed the presence of scattered Pneumocystis carinii in the specimen. Extrapulmonary Pneumocystis carinii infection is occasionally seen in AIDS, but we could find no other reports of its detection in peritoneal fluid.
Sources of diagnostic discrepancies in fine‐ needle aspiration of the breast
Authors: Scopa Chrisoula D. , Koukouras Demetrios , Androulakis John , Bonikos Dionysis 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFine‐needle aspiration (FNA) is a valuable technique to use in the evaluation of breast lesions; however, inadequate and discrepant diagnoses do occur. To identify the source and nature of inaccuracies related to the method we studied 39 cases in which FNA posed diagnostic problems. These problems could be attributed to sampling errors (71.8%), to the criteria of adequacy we use at our institution (2.5.6%), and to interpretation (2.6%). The nature of the breast lesion (68%) was the most common cause of inadequate sampling, followed by the experience of the aspirator (32%).
Quality assurance in a fine‐needle aspiration biopsy service
Authors: Cohen Michael B. , Sideli Robert V. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFine‐needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is an increasingly popular tool for the evaluation of a variety of palpable and nonpalpable masses. Its acceptance has been based on its simplicity, safety, and accuracy. It is its accuracy that is crucial and that requires careful clinical and/or histologic follow‐up. In order to satisfy our own department's quality assurance requirements, we developed a computer‐based searching program that effectively identifies FNAB cases in which there was histologic follow‐up and retrieves the necessary information to produce a meaningful quality assurance report.
Quantitative analysis of sputum cytologic differences between smokers and nonsmokers
Authors: Swan Gary E. , Schumann G. Berry , Roby Tina J. , Sorensen Kent W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAn exploratory analysis of sputum cytology was conducted to determine the extent and nature of cytomorphologic differences between smokers and nonsmokers. Specifically, alveolar macrophages, pigmentation of macrophages, neutrophils, mucus, mucous spirals, columnar cells, metaplastic cells, and dysplastic cells were analyzed and compared in 349 smokers and 93 nonsmokers. Results indicate that smokers have significantly higher scores on all components than do nonsmokers. Pigmentation of macrophages, alveolar macrophages, and mucous spirals were the major components discriminating between smokers and nonsmokers. A comparison of the nonsmoking sample with a different group of smokers (n = 466) revealed similar findings. Using the cytomorphologic parameters as the basis for classification, discriminant function analysis was able to classify correctly 94 percent of the nonsmokers and 91% of the smokers, a finding confirmed in the second group of smokers. These data indicate that smokers differ reliably from nonsmokers with respect to their cytomorphologic profile.
Cytologic assessment of tumor cell kinetics: Applications of monoclonal antibody Ki‐67 to fine‐needle aspiration smears
Authors: Henry Michelle J. , Stanley Michael W. , Swenson Bernie , Connolly Joyce E. , Bates Henry 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRates of tumor‐cell proliferation often provide prognostic information about a given neoplasm. Previously available methods for accessing cell kinetics are time consuming and expensive, and often require special equipment or radioactive reagents. Monoclonal antibody Ki‐67 binds a nuclear antigen expressed in proliferating but not in resting cells. We studied Ki‐67 immunostaining of fine‐needle aspiration smears from 40 benign and malignant masses. Labeling indices ranged from 0 (thyroid follicular adenoma) to 75 percent (pulmonary oat‐cell carcinoma). Frozen section immunostaining (11 cases) and flow cytometric assessment of cell proliferation (8 cases) were in good agreement with Ki‐67 labeling indices on smear material. We suggest that this method provides a rapid, inexpensive, and dependable means of assessing tumor‐cell kinetics in cytologic preparations.
Gastric carcinoma metastatic to the bone marrow: Immunoperoxidase identification of KMO‐1 antigen in MGG‐destained aspirate
Authors: Kobayashi Tadao K. , Yakushiji Michiaki 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA case is presented that illustrates the application of the immunoperoxidase technique to the May‐Grünwald‐Giemsa (MGG)‐destained bone marrow aspirate. The cytologic findings in a MGG‐stained smear of the bone marrow suggested a metastatic epithelial tumor. Subsequently, a positive reaction to KMO‐1, a monoclonal antibody raised against a colon carcinoma cell line, was demonstrated in tumor cells in the MGG‐destained smear sample as well as in the paraffin‐embedded section of the primary gastric cancer. The demonstration of the cancer‐associated antigen in the MGG‐destained material may be useful in establishing the diagnosis of metastatic tumor in the bone marrow.
Leydig cell tumor of the testis: A case diagnosed by fine‐needle sampling without aspiration with histologic, immunohistologic, and electron microscopic analysis
Authors: Vielh Philippe , Borghesi Rita , Validire Pierre , Zajdela Antoine 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFine‐needle sampling without aspiration was performed in a patient with a testicular mass. The cytologic diagnosis was consistent with Leydig cell tumor. Cytologic features included abundant grey‐blue cytoplasms with spherical or oval nuclei in May‐Grünwald‐Giemsa‐stained smears. Intranuclear inclusions were observed but no Reinke's crystals were detected. Histologic findings confirmed the diagnosis and tumor cells were positive for vimentin. Electron microscopic analysis of the tumor showed abundant smooth endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria with tubulovesicular cristae but no Reinke's crystals.
Diagnosis of endometriosis by fine‐needle aspiration cytology
Authors: Tabbara Sana O. , Covell Jamie L. , Abbitt Patricia L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEndometriosis is a fairly common disease found in a variety of extrauterine locations. It primarily affects reproductive age women and has symptoms varying from occult to more specific complaints. Occasionally the lesions produce solid nodules and/or cysts that are clinically palpable and easily evaluated by fine needle aspiration (FNA).We describe three cases of endometriosis diagnosed by FNA. The patients ranged in age from 32 to 38 and reported cyclic symptoms of pain, bleeding, or change in mass size. Two patients presented with subcutaneous masses (one along the upper pubic ramus, the other in the lower abdomen) and had ultrasonically guided FNA. The third patient had a vaginal cuff mass sampled by transvaginal FNA. All cytologic smears contained characteristic sheets of epithelial cells and fragments of loosely arranged spindled stroma. One case also showed mild epithelial atypia and plump stromal cells. Hemosiderin‐laden macrophages were found in only one case. The cytologic diagnoses were confirmed by tissue in all patients.Endometriotic nodules must be evaluated for possible malignant transformation and differentiated from other benign and malignant masses, especially when clinical symptoms are vague. FNA offers a safe and effective tool for identification of endometriosis and obviates the need for diagnostic surgical procedures in some patients.