bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A homemade modification of a spacer device for delivery of bronchodilator or steroid therapy in patients with tracheostomies
Authors: Nakhla Venice 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPatients who have artificial airways and who concurrently suffer with chronic obstructive airways disease encounter problems when administering inhaled bronchodilator and corticosteroid drugs via the tracheostomy. This is because most of the devices are designed to deliver the metered dose of inhaled drugs via the oropharyngeal route and it is impossible to obtain an airtight seal from the inhaler device mouthpiece to the tracheostomy tube. The author describes a simple, effective and cheap modification of a spacer device designed by a creative patient to facilitate delivery of the aerosol via the tracheostomy tube to overcome this problem.
Cartilage-sparing otoplasty: a review with long-term results
Authors: Vuyk H. D. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractProminent ears are the most frequent congenital deformity in the head and neck region. Anatomy of normal and prominent ears as well as the psychological aspects of prominent ears are reviewed. Two types of surgical technique are described with emphasis on the cartilage-sparing technique.A sound pre-operative analysis, focusing on all partsof the deformity, and surgical techniques which are gradually applied to these deformities should result in pleasing, permanent changes for the vast majority of patients. In our opinion, a combination of cartilage-sparing techniques augmented with cartilage-weakeningprocedures give predictable long-term results with a natural appearing ear and concomitant few, easily treated complications.
Day-case adenoidectomy: how popular and safe in a rural environment?
Authors: Siddiqui N. , Yung M. W. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIn spite of previously favourable reports on day-case adenoidectomy, thereare still worries amongst otolaryngologists that such practice is unsafe, especially in arural environment. A national survey was therefore carried out which shows that only 41 per cent of respondents perform adenoidectomy routinely as day-case, and even fewer in rural areas. A regional audit on day-case adenoidectomy, covering five hospitals, was conducted in East Anglia. Between 1994 to 1995, 73 day-case adenoidectomies were performed and the outcome was compared to those of 183 in-patient adenoidectomies during the same period. The children in the day-case group recovered post-operatively even better than the in-patient group. None of them stayed overnight or required re-admission. There was no increased in post-operative consultation to the general practitioner. The parents in the day-case group were mostly in favour of the day-case arrangement (88 per cent). The results suggest that day-case adenoidectomy is safe and popular with parents even in a rural environment.
Distribution of the solitary adenoma over the parathyroid glands
Authors: Debruyne F. , Ostyn F. , Delaere P. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractOne hundred and ten patients with primary hyperparathyroidism were studied, in which a normal parathyroid gland was found on the same side as an adenoma (both confirmed by histological examination), and the upper or lower location could clearly be defined during surgery. The distribution of the adenomas over the upper and lower glands was unequal: 61.8 per cent in the superior versus 38.2 per cent in the inferior position. Statistical analysis revealed that this is not a random distribution (p= 0.013). The explanation of this relative predilection is unknown. The finding should not influence the surgical procedure for primary hyperparathyroidism
Sphenoid sinus mucocoele presenting with isolated oculomotor nerve palsy
Authors: Sethi Dharambir S. , Lau David P. C. , Chan Chumpon 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe describe two cases of sphenoid sinus mucocoele. Both presented with isolated oculomotor nerve palsy. Mucocoeles involving only the sphenoid sinus are uncommon. They are probably under-diagnosed as they may be asymptomatic or cause non-specific symptoms. Nasal symptoms occur infrequently but the close relationship of the sphenoid sinus to the orbital apex means that ocular symptoms including cranial nerve palsies are a common presenting feature. Involvement of the third cranial nerve in isolation is rare but has important neurosurgical implications which must be excluded before this symptom is attributed to the sphenoid sinus.
Primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the larynx
Authors: Kato Shingo , Sakura Mizuyoshi , Takooda Shoji , Sakurai Masaharu , Izumo Toshiyuki 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThree cases of primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the larynx are described. Histologically, two tumours belonged to the category of low grade B-cell lymphomas of the small cell type (extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma and lymphoplasmacytoid lymphoma), and the third was classified as a peripheral T-cell lymphoma of unspecified type. The clinical stage was IE in two cases, and IV in another case. In two cases, complete remission was obtained with radical radiotherapy. But in the other case, which was histologically lymphoplasmacytoid lymphoma, the response to radiotherapy was poor, and surgery was required. There was no relapse subsequent to treatment. Primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the larynx is rare. Several reported cases have clinical features similar to those of MALT-type lymphomas arising in other extranodal sites. Although most of the reported cases have been cured with radiotherapy, in some cases dissemination to other extranodal sites may occur. Therefore careful periodic evaluation is imperative.
Simultaneous occurrence of metastatic tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma and angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma in a cervical lymph node
Authors: Habermann W. , Anderhuber W. , Humer-Fuchst U. , Stammberger H. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractNon-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is a frequent head and neck malignancy. Squamous cell carcinoma of the tonsil is the second most common head and neck carcinoma. We report a case of a tonsillar carcinoma metastasis in an angioimmunoblastic-transformedlymph node. To our knowledge this is the first description and histopathological documentation of such a case in the literature.
Flexible transnasal endoscopy: is local anaesthetic necessary?
Authors: Singh V. , Brockbank M. J. , Todd G. B. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPrior to flexible transnasal endoscopy (FTE) topical intranasal agents such as cocaine or combinations of a local anaesthetic and vasoconstrictor agent are generally recommended for local anaesthesia, easier access, and better examination of the interior of the nose, especially the middle meatus. This double-blind study involved 60 patients. Each had five per cent cocaine sprayed in one nostril and normal saline in the other. The pain/discomfort and gag scores showed no statistical difference.Forty-two (70 per cent) patients had a moderate/marked deviation of the nasal septum. A significant pain score (3–5) was obtained in 33.3 per cent of cases with the deviation towards the cocaine side and in 37 per cent of cases with the deviation towards the saline side. Ease of procedure scores for both sides were also comparable, when deviation of the nasal septum was taken into account.
Haemangioma of the maxillary sinus
Authors: Raboso E. , Rosell A. , Plaza G. , Martinez-Vidal A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractHaemangiomas of the maxillary sinus are very rare. In this paper we present one case with an inaccurate preoperative diagnosis which was treated by entire excision of the tumour. One year aftersurgery there is no evidence of recurrence. The literature on the topic is reviewed.
Laryngeal foreign body: an unusual complication of percutaneous tracheostomy
Authors: Kumar B. N. , Walsh R. M. , Courteney-Harris R. G. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractImpaction of a foreign body in the larynx is a serious event. While inhaledforeign bodies may occasionally impact in the larynx especially in children, a laryngeal foreign body as a complication of percutaneous tracheostomy has not been reported in the literature. We describe the case of a fragment of a Seldinger wire retained in the larynxfor two years following a percutaneous tracheostomy and review the literature on the complications of this procedure.
Supraglottic laryngectomy–series report and analysis of results
Authors: Adamopoulos G. , Yotakis I. , Apostolopoulos K. , Manolopoulos L. , Kandiloros D. , Ferekidis E. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractBetween October 1987 and October 1993, 92 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the supraglottis were treated by supraglottic laryngectomy and neck dissection in our department. There were 33 T1, 46 T2, six T3and seven T4cases. All patients with N+ necks and T3or T4tumours received post-operative radiotherapy (5,000–6,500 cGy). The patients were followed for a minimum of 36 months or until death. The incidence of local recurrence was 7.6 per cent. Neck recurrence was observed in 13 per cent of patients. Decannulation was achieved in 93.4 per cent of the cases with three patients undergoing gastrostomy because of aspiration. The average hospital stay was 26 days. The overall three-year survival was 83.6 per cent, with eight patients dying of unrelated causes. There was a significant difference in recurrence rate between patients in the N0and the N+ stage.
Misleading clinical features in Wegener's granulomatosis. A case report
Authors: Almadori Giovanni , Trivelli Maurizio , Scarano Emanuele , Cadoni Gabriella 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWegener's granulomatosis is a systemic vasculitis that may present with a Variety of findings and be difficult to diagnose. We report a case of a patient who presented with serous otitis media and subsequently developed a suspected primary lung tumour. Thoracotomy and pulmonary mass excision were required to establish the diagnosis. Otological manifestations of Wegener's granulomatosis, differential diagnosis, pathological findings and c-ANCA test role are discussed.
The pathophysiology of otitic hydrocephalus
Authors: Tomkinson A. , Mills R. G. S. , Cantrell P. J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe pathophysiology of otitic hydrocephalus remains controversial. It has been argued that involvement of the superior sagittal sinus, by, at least, a mural thrombus is a necessary component of this disease.We present a case of otitic hydrocephalus where on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) normal luminal and mural flow within the superior sagittal sinus is demonstrated. The presence of thrombus in the lateral venous sinus alone appears sufficient in this case to impede venous drainage of the intracranial contents into the neck and produce a rise in the cerebral venous pressure and a subsequent increase in the CSF pressure. The presence of a superior sagittal sinus mural thrombus is not required.
Laryngeal necrosis after combined chemotherapy and radiation therapy
Authors: Miyaguchi Mamoru , Takashima Hitoshi , Kubo Takeshi 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPost-radiation necrosis of the larynx is a major complication after irradiation and has become rare. Recently, combined chemotherapy and radiation therapy has been introduced for head and neck tumours. The authors report a case of laryngeal necrosis after combination therapy for a patient with cervical lymph node metastases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and review the literature on late laryngeal necrosis. Although radiation-induced laryngeal necrosis has become a rare complication, the combination of chemotherapy and radiation therapy may increase its incidence. We should always consider it as a possible late complication and treat it appropriately.
A study of mercuric oxide and zinc-air battery life in hearing aids
Authors: Sparkes Clive , Lacey Neville K. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe requirement to phase out mercuric oxide (mercury) batteries on environmental grounds has led to the widespread introduction of zinc-air technology. The possibility arises that high drain hearing aids may not be adequately catered for by zinc-air cells, leading to poor performance. This study investigated the hearing aid user's ability to perceive differences between zinc-air and mercury cells in normal everyday usage. The data was collected for 100 experienced hearing aid users in field trials. Users report 50 per cent greater life for zinc-air cells in high power aids and 28 per cent in low power aids. The average life of the zinc-air cells range from 15 days in high power to 34 days in low power aids. Users are able to perceive a difference in sound quality in favour of zinc-air cells for low and medium power aids. The hearing aid population is not disadvantaged by phasing out mercury cells.
Basal cell carcinoma of the external auditory canal and Gorlin-Goltz syndrome: a case report
Authors: Lobo C. J. , Timms M. S. , Puranik V. C. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA case of nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (Gorlin-Goltz syndrome) with basal cell carcinoma of the external auditory canal is reported. This is only the second such case.
Cavernous haemangioma of the facial nerve
Authors: Escada Pedro , Capucho Clara , Silva José Madeira , Ruah Carlos Bentes , Vital José Pratas , Penha Rui Silva 
Published: November 2007

AbstractFacial nerve haemangiomas are probably the most frequent benign tumours involving the facial nerve in its intratemporal portion. Usually facial nerve dysfunction is present when these tumours are of extremely small size, the average tumour being less than 10 mm. We present a case of a 15 mm diameter cavernous haemangioma of the geniculate region, with histological findings of nerve infiltration, without facial nerve symptoms. The atypical clinical presentation justifies the report and subsequent literature review.
Topical levocabastine for the treatment of perennial allergic rhinitis
Authors: Elwany Samy , Bassiouny Mohamed 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe ultrastructure of the nasal mucosa following theuse of intranasal levocabastine was studied in 20 patients suffering from perennial allergic rhinitis. The patients received twice daily 0.05 per cent levocabastine spray with a treatment duration of four weeks. At the end of the treatment period regression of the allergic process was evidenced by progressive reappearance of normal cilia and microvilli on the columnar cells, decrease of intercellular oedema andcytoplasmic vacuoles, increased number of mucous acinar cells, gradualdecrease of vascular congestion, as well as diminished oedema fluid formation. The drug, however, had no effect on mast cell degranulationnor on eosinophilic infiltration. Normalization of the ultrastructural features correlated well with clinical improvement.Considering the results of the present study, levocabastine nasal spray appears to be an effective treatment for perennial allergic rhinitis and can be used with, or as an alternative to, other anti-allergic medications.
Lobular capillary haemangioma (pyogenic granuloma) of the nose
Authors: El-Sayed Yousry , Al-Serhani Awad 
Published: November 2007

AbstractObjectiveTo present a number of cases with lobular capillary haemangioma (pyogenic granuloma) of the nose; and to discuss the clinical and histopathological diagnosis of this disorder.MethodsA clinicopathological study of patients diagnosed with nasal lobular capillary haemangioma who were treated at King Abdel Aziz University Hospital, Riyadh from 1986 to 1995.ResultsThe study group consisted of 12 patients (four males and eight females ranging in age from 17 to 65 years; mean 30.1 years). Clinically, most patients presented with epistaxis and a rapidly growing unilateral haemorrhagic mass. Most lesions were located on the septal mucosa. The clinical impression was misleading in some cases. The histological diagnosis was based on the lobular arrangement of capillaries. One case was initially misdiagnosed as angiofibroma. Excisional biopsy was the mainstay of treatment. One instance of recurrence was recorded.ConclusionThis uncommon lesion should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a rapidly growing haemorrhagic lesion within the nasal fossa. Clinical and histological diagnostic pitfalls occur frequently.
Leeches in the larynx
Authors: Labadi Monther H. , Jamal Musa N. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThis is a report of two patients with leech inhalation. The first patient presented with severe attacks of inspiratory stridor, cyanosis and cough of five days duration. He had no fever. Indirect laryngoscopy revealed a black, smooth foreign body between the vocal folds. Lateral soft tissue X-ray of the neck revealed shadow involving the glottic and the subglottic areas of the larynx. Laryngoscopy under general anaesthesia showed a living leech. This was removed and the patient improved.The second patient presented with difficulty of breathing, dysphagia, and spitting of blood of two weeks duration. Indirect laryngoscopy revealed a brown foreign body in the larynx. Laryngoscopy under general anaesthesia showed a living leech. This was removed by forceps.
Recurrent canalicular adenoma of the minor salivary glands in the upper lip
Authors: Harmse J. L. , Saleh H. A. , Odutoye T. , Alsanjari N. A. , Mountain R. E. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractCanalicular adenoma is a recently classified uncommon salivary gland neoplasm. This biologically benign growth tends to be multifocal and occurs most often in the upper lips of elderly people. Histologically and clinically it differs from the basal cell adenoma, for which it may be mistaken, in a number of ways. Its clinical importance lies in the fact that it may be confused with malignancy. Little information is available regarding the recurrence and long-term follow-up of these tumours, and where available it covers only relatively short periods.We report the recurrence of a canalicular adenoma after an 11.2 year disease-free period.
Contribution to the pathogenesis of radiation-induced injury to large arteries
Authors: Zidar Nina , Ferluga Dušan , Hvala Asta , Popovć Mara , Šoba Erika 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe report a case of a 35-year-old man who died of a brain infarct 20 months after radiotherapy for carcinoma of the tonsil with metastases to the cervical lymph nodes. Histology revealed mild atherosclerosis, necrotizing vasculitis, and occlusive thrombosis of the internal carotid artery. Significant changes were observed in the vasa vasorum: swelling and detachment of the endothelium, subendothelial oedema, hyaline change, fibrinoid necrosis of the vessel walls with mononuclear cellular infiltration, accompanied by focal haemorrhages and chronic inflammation in the periadventitial soft tissue. We believe that these changes of the vasa vasorum and necrotizing vasculitis are causally related and that vasculitis represents focal ischaemic necroses with inflammatory reaction. Our findings support the hypothesis, based on experimental studies, that injury to the vasa vasorum is an important mechanism in the development of radiation-induced vasculopathy of large arteries. They also suggest an evolution of the injury to the vasa vasorum and periadventitial tissue from the early lesions described in our patient, to late stages resulting in dense periadventitial fibrosis as reported previously. We suggest that injury to the vasa vasorum and the consequent ischaemic lesions of the arterial wall are morphological features distinguishing radiation-induced arterial injury from spontaneous atherosclerosis.
Audio-vestibular findings in meningioma of the cerebello-pontine angle: a retrospective review
Authors: Baguley David M. , Beynon Graham J. , Greyf Philip L. , Hardya David G. , Moffat David A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe aim of this study was the determination of the incidence of symptoms of audio-vestibular dysfunction and of abnormalities on audio-vestibular testing in patients found to have a unilateral meningioma of the cerebello-pontine angle (CPA). The case notes of 25 patients diagnosed with unilateral, sporadic and histologically proven CPA meningioma were retrospectively reviewed. The age range of this series was 31–71 years, with a mean age of 50 years. Two patients were male (eight per cent) and 23 were female (92 per cent). The mean length of history was 44.7 months. The distribution of tumour size was skewed toward larger tumours, with 15 cases (60 per cent) having tumours with a maximum diameter greater than 3.5 cm on imaging. Pure tone audiometry was normal in five cases (20 per cent), and no patients exhibited the high frequency sensorineural hearing loss that is characteristic of vestibular schwannoma. Speech audiometry was normal in 50 per cent of cases. Caloric testing was abnormal in 77 per cent of the 18 cases tested, whilst auditory brainstem responses (ABR) were abnormal in 100 per cent of the 18 cases who had sufficient hearing for this test to be possible. The presence of normal audiometry in patients with a proven CPA lesion indicates that, if in a protocol for investigation, asymmetry of hearing is mandatory then some pathology will be missed. Any suspicion of a CPA lesion warrants investigation even in the absence of hearing loss.The investigation of choice for the identification of CPA lesions has become magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). If this technique is not available then this study indicates that ABR is a suitable and sensitive investigation. It should be borne in mind however that the data in this study has been derived from a series of predominantly large tumours, and the sensitivity of ABR to smaller CPA meningiomata may fall, as is the case for vestibular schwannoma.
Treatment of hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia by the pulsed dye laser
Authors: Harries P. G. , Brockbank M. J. , Shakespeare P. G. , Carruth J. A. S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractHereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome, Osier's disease) is an inherited abnormality of the vasculature characterized by abnormal subepithelial vessels. Treatment has included repeated intranasal cautery, intra-arterial embolization and arterial ligation.Treatment has included repeated intranasal cautery, intra-arterial embolization and arterial ligation. Historically, the operation of septodermoplasty and the use of systemic/topical oestrogens have been the most effective and lasting treatments, but over time the telangiectasias recur. There is increasing interest in the use of a variety of lasers for intranasal photocoagulation.A report of nine patients suffering from hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia who have undergone laser treatment with the Chromos pulsed dye laser is presented. This laser produces light energy at a wavelength of 585 nm and causes localized thermal damage to the blood vessel wall.Initially, no patient saw an improvement in their symptoms, but following an average of approximately three courses of treatment, all have reported a measurable reduction in the number of epistaxes suffered.Although no treatment completely resolves the epistaxis associated with this condition, we have found the pulsed dye laser to be effective at treating telangiectasias within the anterior nasal cavity.
Endoscopic holmium: YAG laser dacryocystorhinostomy-safe and effective as a day-case procedure
Authors: Hehar S. S. , Jones N. S. , Sadiq S. A. , Downes R. N. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractEndoscopic holmium laser dacryocystorhinostomy can be used safely and efficiently to relieve symptoms of distal nasolacrimal duct obstruction. It has great advantages over the conventional external approach as it can be done as a day-case procedure under local anaesthesia. The excellent ablation of bone and soft tissue using this type of laser contribute to the fact that the procedure can be performed in a mean time of 20 minutes. We report on the results of our first 50 patients and review the literature on the subject.