bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of surgical techniques for synovectomy in New Zealand White rabbits with induced inflammatory arthritis
Authors: Davis Kechia M. , King Dana S. , Philips Lynette , Lu Yan , Edwards Ryland B. , Kalscheur Vicki , Markel Mark D. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To compare effects of synovectomy performed by use of monopolar radiofrequency energy (MRFE) versus mechanical debridement in rabbits with induced inflammatory arthritis.Animals—25 mature female New Zealand White rabbits.Procedure—Inflammatory arthritis was induced in both femoropatellar joints of each rabbit. Joints then were treated by mechanical debridement or MRFE treatment or served as sham-operated controls. Rabbits were euthanatized 2 weeks or 3 months after surgery. Biopsy specimens of synovium were analyzed by use of light microscopy.Results—At 2 weeks after surgery, samples from MRFE-treated joints had fewer plasma cells and more heterophils than the other 2 groups and more lymphocytes than sham-operated controls, whereas samples from mechanically debrided joints had greater numbers of lymphocytes and heterophils than sham-operated controls. At 3 months after surgery, samples from MRFE-treated joints had fewer plasma cells than sham-operated controls, more heterophils than mechanically debrided and sham-operated controls, and more macrophages than mechanically debrided joints. There was no difference in synovial ablation, synovial proliferation, or fibrosis among the 3 groups at 2 weeks or 3 months after surgery.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Analysis of results of this study documented a similar degree of synovial ablation when comparing use of MRFE to mechanical debridement. In rabbits with this method of induced inflammatory arthritis, there were no detectable benefits of MRFE or mechanical debridement on the synovium, compared with results for sham-operated control joints, at 2 weeks and 3 months after surgery for most of the synovial variables evaluated. (Am J Vet Res2004;65:573–577)
Evaluation of serum values of pancreatic enzymes after endoscopic retrograde pancreatography in dogs
Authors: Spillmann Thomas , Happonen Irmeli , Sankari Satu , Wittker Andrea , Kähkönen Tuomo , Westermarck Elias 
Published: December 2005

Abstract

Objective—To assess the safety of endoscopic retrograde
pancreatography (ERP) in dogs by performing
repeated clinical examinations and laboratory analyses
of serum amylase, lipase, canine trypsin-like
immunoreactivity (cTLI), and canine pancreatic elastase
1 (cE1) after the procedure.

Animals—7 healthy Beagles.

Procedure—Clinical examinations were performed
and blood samples obtained for serum enzyme determinations
before and at intervals (10 minutes; 2, 4,
and 6 hours; and 1, 2, and 3 days) after ERP.

Results—Repeated clinical examinations revealed no
signs of ERP-induced complications in the 7 dogs.
Results of repeated laboratory tests indicated a transient
increase in serum values of amylase, lipase, and
cTLI but not cE1. Mean ± SD lipase activity increased
from 120.7 ± 116.4 U/L to 423.4 ± 243.1 U/L at 4
hours after ERP. Median serum cTLI concentration
increased from 16.2 µg/L (range, 7.7 to 26.5 µg/L) to
34.9 µg/L (range, 16.6 to 68.3 µg/L) 10 minutes after
ERP. Enzyme values returned to baseline levels at the
latest on day 2 in 6 of 7 dogs. Highest values for
serum amylase, lipase, and cTLI and their delayed
return to baseline values were detected in 1 dog with
contrast filling of the pancreatic parenchyma.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results indicated
that ERP appears to be a safe imaging technique
of pancreatic ducts in healthy dogs, although it
induced a transient increase in serum values of pancreatic
enzymes. In dogs, repeated clinical examinations
and serum enzyme determinations can be used
to monitor ERP-induced complications such as acute
pancreatitis. ( Am J Vet Res 2004;65:616–619)
Effect of thalidomide on growth and metastasis of canine osteosarcoma cells after xenotransplantation in athymic mice
Authors: Farese James P. , Fox Leslie E. , Detrisac Carol J. , Van Gilder James M. , Roberts Sara L. , Baldwin Jamie M 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine whether thalidomide inhibits the growth of primary and pulmonary metastatic canine osteosarcoma in mice after xenotransplantation.Animals—Athymic nude mice.Procedure—Canine osteosarcoma cells were injected SC in 50 mice. Mice were randomly placed into the following groups: control group (n = 13; DMSO [drug vehicle] alone [0.1 mL/d, IP]); low-dose group (12; thalidomide [100 mg/kg, IP]), mid-dose group (13; thalidomide [200 mg/kg, IP]); and high-dose group (12; thalidomide [400 mg/kg, IP]). Starting on day 8, treatments were administered daily and tumor measurements were performed for 20 days. On day 28, mice were euthanatized and primary tumors were weighed. Lungs were examined histologically to determine the number of mice with metastasis and tumor emboli. Mean area of the pulmonary micrometastatic foci was determined for mice from each group.Results—Primary tumor size and weight were not significantly different among groups. The number of mice in the mid-dose (200 mg/kg) and high-dose (400 mg/kg) groups with micrometastasis was significantly less than the number of control group mice; however, the number of mice with tumor emboli was not affected by thalidomide treatment. Size of micrometastasis lesions was not affected by thalidomide treatment.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Mean area of micrometastases was not affected by treatment; however, growth of micrometastases had not yet reached an angiogenesis-dependent size. Although thalidomide did not affect growth of primary tumors in mice after xenotransplantation of canine osteosarcoma cells, our findings indicate that thalidomide may interfere with the ability of embolic tumor cells to complete the metastatic process within the lungs. (Am J Vet Res2004;65:659–664)
Evaluation of a sensor-based system of motion analysis for detection and quantification of forelimb and hind limb lameness in horses
Authors: Keegan Kevin G. , Yonezawa Yoshiharu , Pai P. Frank , Wilson David A. , Kramer Joanne 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To compare a sensor-based accelerometer-gyroscopic (A-G) system with a video-based motion analysis system (VMAS) technique for detection and quantification of lameness in horses.Animals—8 adult horses.Procedure—2 horses were evaluated once, 2 had navicular disease and were evaluated before and after nerve blocks, and 4 had 2 levels of shoe-induced lameness, alternatively, in each of 4 limbs. Horses were instrumented with an accelerometer transducer on the head and pelvis, a gyroscopic transducer on the right forelimb and hind feet, and a receiver-transmitter. Signals from the A-G system were collected simultaneously with those from the VMAS for collection of head, pelvis, and right feet positions with horses trotting on a treadmill. Lameness was detected with an algorithm that quantified lameness as asymmetry of head and pelvic movements. Comparisons between the A-G and VMAS systems were made by use of correlation and agreement (κ value) analyses.Results—Correlation between the A-G and VMAS systems for quantification of lameness was linear and high (r2= 0.9544 and 0.8235 for forelimb and hind limb, respectively). Quantification of hind limb lameness with the A-G system was higher than measured via VMAS. Agreement between the 2 methods for detection of lameness was excellent (κ = 0.76) for the forelimb and good (κ = 0.56) for the hind limb.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—The A-G system detected and quantified forelimb and hind limb lameness in horses trotting on the treadmill. Because the data are collected wirelessly, this system might be used to objectively evaluate lameness in the field. (Am J Vet Res2004;65:665–670)
Evaluation of experimental transmission of Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum and Mycoplasma haemofelis by Ctenocephalides felis to cats
Authors: Woods James E. , Brewer Melissa M. , Hawley Jennifer R. , Wisnewski Nancy , Lappin Michael R. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine whetherCtenocephalides feliscan transmitMycoplasma haemofelis(Mhf) andCandidatusMycoplasma haemominutum (Mhm) through hematophagous activity between cats.Animals—11 cats.Procedure—2 cats were carriers of either Mhf or Mhm. Nine cats had negative results via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for Mhf and Mhm DNA; 3 of those cats were infected from the chronic carriers via IV inoculation of blood. At the time of maximum organism count for each of theMycoplasmaspp, 1 chamber containing 100C feliswas bandaged to the amplifier cats. Five days later, fleas, feces, larvae, or eggs from each chamber were analyzed forMycoplasmaspp DNA. Viable fleas from the chambers were allocated into new chambers (3 Mhm and 6 Mhf) and attached to naïve cats for 5 days. Cats were monitored daily for clinical signs and weekly via CBC and PCR assay for infection with Mhf or Mhm for a minimum of 8 weeks.Results—Uptake of Mhf and Mhm DNA into fleas, feces, and, potentially, eggs and larvae was detected. Of the naïve cats fed on by Mhf-infected fleas, 1 cat transiently yielded positive PCR assay results for Mhf on 1 sampling date without clinical or hematologic changes consistent with Mhf infection.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest that hematophagous transfer of Mhm and Mhf into fleas occurred and thatC felisis a possible vector for Mhf via hematophagous activity. (Am J Vet Res2005;66:1008–1012)
Characterization of an A-kinase anchor protein in equine spermatozoa and examination of the effect of semen cooling and cryopreservation on the binding of that protein to the regulatory subunit of protein kinase-A
Authors: Turner Regina M. O. , Casas-Dolz Raul , Schlingmann Karen L. , Hameed Saima 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine whether a homologue of A-kinase anchor protein 4 (AKAP4) is present and functional as an AKAP in equine spermatozoa and examine the effect of semen cooling and cryopreservation on binding of equine AKAP4 to the regulatory (RII) subunit of protein kinase-A (PK-A).Sample Population—Ejaculated semen collected from 2 fertile stallions, 3 bulls, and 3 humans.Procedure—Identification of an equine homologue of AKAP4 was investigated via DNA sequencing. Protein was extracted from the spermatozoa of each species for immunoblot analysis to identify AKAP4 and its precursor protein, pro-AKAP4; immunofluorescence microscopy was used to localize those proteins in spermatozoa. Ligand overlay assays were used to determine whether the identified proteins bound to the RII subunit of PK-A and whether cooling or cryopreservation of spermatozoa affected that binding.Results—The partial genomic sequence ofAKAP4was identified in equine spermatozoa, and immunoblot analysis confirmed that AKAP4 and pro-AKAP4 are present in equine spermatozoa. Via immunofluorescence microscopy, these proteins were localized to the spermatozoal principal piece. Results of ligand overlay assays indicated that equine AKAP4 and pro-AKAP4 bind to the RII subunit of PKA and are AKAPs; AKAP4-RII binding was not affected by cooling or cryopreservation of spermatozoa.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest that equine AKAP4 anchors PK-A to the spermatozoal flagellum (where the kinase is likely to be required for the regulation of spermatozoal motility), but decreases in spermatozoal motility in cooled or cryopreserved semen are not associated with decreased binding of AKAP4 and PK-A. (Am J Vet Res2005;66:1056–1064)
In vitro evaluation of the contractile response to endothelin-1 of the circular and longitudinal myometrial layers of the uterine horn of nongravid mares
Authors: Walesby Honor A. , Venugopal Changaram S. , Hosgood Giselle , Eades Susan C. , Moore Rustin M. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To characterize the in vitro response of circular and longitudinal myometrial layers of the uterine horn (CMLH and LMLH, respectively) of horses to endothelin (ET)-1 by use of specific ETA(BQ-123) and ETB(IRL-1038) receptor antagonists.Sample Population—Uteruses from 10 nongravid mares in anestrus.Procedure—Muscle strips from the CMLH and LMLH were suspended in tissue baths and connected to force-displacement transducers interfaced with a polygraph. Strips were incubated for 45-minute intervals with no antagonist (control specimens), and 3 concentrations (10–9, 10–7, and 10–5M) of BQ-123, IRL- 1038, or BQ-123 and IRL-1038 before concentrationresponse curves to ET-1 were generated. Contractile response to cumulative concentrations of ET-1 (10–9to 10–6M) was quantified by measuring change in the area under the curve (AUC) for the 3-minute period after each ET-1 dose.Results—ET-1 caused concentration-dependent contraction of the CMLH and LMLH specimens. Application of BQ-123 decreased AUC values for both layers. Application of IRL-1038 increased the AUC value for LMLH specimens but did not affect the CMLH value. The combination of BQ-123 and IRL-1038 decreased the AUC value for LMLH tissue and increased that for CMLH tissue.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—ET-1 causes contraction of the CMLH and LMLH in nongravid horses. In both layers, ETAreceptors mediate contraction but the role of ETBreceptors remains unclear. In the LMLH, ETAreceptors have a dominant role; the presence of another receptor or receptor subtype within this layer is suggested. These findings support a physiologic role for ET-1 in uterine contractility. (Am J Vet Res2005;66:1094–1100)
Temporal folate status during lactation in mares and growth in foals
Authors: Ordakowski-Burk Amy L. , Kronfeld David S. , Williams Carey A. , Gay Louisa S. , Sklan David J. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To identify changes in folate status of mares and foals during lactation and growth, respectively.Animals—20 Thoroughbred mares and foals.Procedures—Pregnant mares, and following foaling the same mares with their foals, were maintained on mixed grass-legume pasture and fed either a traditional dietary supplement rich in sugar and starch (SS) or a dietary supplement high in fat and fiber (FF). Blood samples were collected monthly from mares and foals up to 6 months after foaling. Total folate concentration in feed and forage was determined. Analyses of plasma folate, RBC folate, plasma homocysteine (HCY), and milk folate concentrations were performed.Results—Mare plasma folate concentrations declined moderately during 6 months of lactation. Mare RBC folate concentrations initially increased after foaling up to 3 months but declined toward the end of the study. Plasma HCY concentration was higher for mares fed the SS supplement, compared with mares fed the FF supplement from foaling to 6 months of lactation. Milk folate concentrations decreased during the first 3 months and then increased. Foal plasma folate initially declined but then increased. Stable concentrations of RBC folate were observed in foals. Plasma HCY concentrations in foals were unaffected by growth during the last 5 months. References range values for plasma folate, RBC folate, milk folate, and plasma HCY concentrations in healthy lactational mares and young growing foals were determined.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Folate status was not impaired in lactating mares and growing foals under the conditions in our study. It appears that folate supplementation is not necessary. (Am J Vet Res2005;66:1214–1221)
Comparison of results for intradermal testing between clinically normal horses and horses affected with recurrent airway obstruction
Authors: Wong David M. , Buechner-Maxwell Virginia A. , Manning Thomas O. , Ward Daniel L. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To evaluate differences in response to ID injection of histamine, phytohemagglutinin (PHA), andAspergillusorganisms between clinically normal horses and horses with recurrent airway obstruction (RAO).Animals—5 healthy adult horses and 5 adult horses with RAO.Procedure—Intradermal testing (IDT) was performed on the neck with 2 positive control substances (histamine and PHA) and a mixture comprising 5Aspergillusspecies. Four concentrations of each test substance plus a negative control substance were used. Equal volumes (0.1 mL) of each test substance were prepared to yield 15 syringes ([4 concentrations of each test substance plus 1 negative control substance] times 3 test substances) for each side of each horse (ie, 30 syringes/horse). Intradermal injections were administered; diameter of wheals was recorded 0.5, 4, and 24 hours after injection.Results—Hypersensitive responses to ID injection of histamine were detected 0.5 hours after injection, and a delay in wheal formation after ID injection ofAspergillusmixture 24 hours after injection was detected in RAO-affected horses but was not observed in clinically normal horses. No differences were detected between the 2 groups after ID injection of PHA.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—RAO-affected horses are hypersensitive to histamine, suggesting that RAO is associated with a heightened vascular response to histamine. Higher concentrations ofAspergillusmixture may be needed to detect horses that are sensitive to this group of antigens. Wheal reactions toAspergillusmay be a delayed response, suggesting that IDT results should be evaluated 0.5, 4, and 24 hours after ID injection. (Am J Vet Res2005;66:1348–1355)
Comparison of various canine blood-typing methods
Authors: Giger Urs , Stieger Knut , Palos Hanna 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To compare canine blood-typing results determined by use of the card (CARD), gel (GEL), Michigan State University (MSU), and tube (TUBE) tests.Sample Population—Blood samples from 23 healthy dogs.Procedures—Blood samples anticoagulated with EDTA were screened by use of each blood-typing method according to manufacturers' protocols.Results—Strong RBC agglutination reactions were observed with dog erythrocyte antigen (DEA) 1.1 reagents of the CARD and GEL tests as well as MSU test (only after adding Coombs' reagent) in 9 blood samples. By use of the CARD test, RBCs from 4 additional dogs agglutinated weakly; on the basis of MSU test results, these 4 dogs were classified as DEA 1.2 positive. All blood samples agglutinated with the B antigen reagent of the TUBE test. All but 2 blood samples had strong positive reactions with the DEA 4 reagent of the MSU test. All but 3 blood samples reacted with the E antigen reagent of the TUBE test. Three blood samples agglutinated with the DEA 3 reagent of the MSU test and A antigen reagent of the TUBE test. Five blood samples had strong agglutination reactions with the DEA 5 reagent of the MSU test.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Use of the CARD test allows for rapid identification of DEA 1.1 but may produce weak reactions with blood from DEA 1.2-positive dogs. The GEL test is a reliable and rapid clinical laboratory method for identification of DEA 1.1. The MSU test requires Coombs' reagent for identification of DEA 1.1 and 1.2. (Am J Vet Res2005;66:1386–1392)
Quantitation of house dust mite allergens (Der f 1 and group 2) on the skin and hair of dogs
Authors: Randall Amy J. , Hillier Andrew , Cole Lynette K. , Kwochka Kenneth W. , Needham Glen , Wassom Donald L. 
Published: December 2005

Abstract

Objective—To determine the concentration of house
dust mite (HDM) allergens, Der f 1 and group 2, on
the skin and hair of dogs and whether associations
exist between the presence of Der f 1 and group 2
allergens on the skin and hair of dogs and household
and dog characteristics.

Animals—63 pet dogs from 50 homes.

Procedure—Dogs were weighed and body surface
area in square meters was determined. Skin and hair
samples were obtained by vacuuming dogs.
Collected dust was analyzed by use of standard
ELISA techniques.

Results—HDM allergen was detected in 21 of 59
skin and hair samples. Presence of group 2 allergen
on skin and hair of dogs was significantly associated
with long hair, compared with short or medium length
hair. Median house dust sample concentrations of
Der f 1 and group 2 allergens were high in homes
with dogs that had skin and hair samples that were
positive for Der f 1 and group 2 allergens. Dogs with
skin and hair samples that were positive for Der f 1
and group 2 allergens resided in homes with a high
number of house dust samples that were positive for
Der f 1, group 2, or both allergens and in homes with
a mean house dust sample allergen concentration of
≥ 2 µg/g of dust.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Associations
exist between environmental HDM allergen concentrations
and HDM allergens on the skin and hair samples
of dogs. Environmental allergen load is a major
factor in accumulation of allergens on the skin and
hair of dogs. (Am J Vet Res 2005;66:143–149)
Determination of the anatomic communications among compartments within the carpus, metacarpophalangeal and metatarsophalangeal joints, stifle joint, and tarsus in llamas
Authors: Semevolos Stacy A. , Cope Rhian B 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine the anatomic communications among compartments within the carpus, metacarpophalangeal and metatarsophalangeal joints, stifle joint, and tarsus in llamas.Sample Population—88 limbs from 22 llamas necropsied because of reasons unrelated to disease of the carpus; tarsus; or metacarpophalangeal, metatarsophalangeal, or stifle joints.Procedure—1 compartment (randomly assigned) of each joint was injected with blue latex solution. Communication between joint compartments was determined by observation of latex in adjacent compartments following frozen sectioning.Results—Of the 44 carpi, 30 (68%) had anatomic separation between the radiocarpal and middle carpal joints, whereas the remaining 14 (32%) had communication between the radiocarpal and middle carpal joints. In the metacarpophalangeal or metatarsophalangeal joints, medial and lateral joint compartments remained separate in 83 of 88 (94%) joints injected. The tibiotarsal and proximal intertarsal joints communicated in all tarsi examined, whereas 14 of 38 (37%) communicated between the proximal intertarsal and distal intertarsal joints. Communication between the distal intertarsal and tarsometatarsal joints was detected in 17 of 25 (68%) specimens; all 4 tarsal joints communicated in 11 of 42 (26%) specimens examined. Examination of 33 stifle joints that were successfully injected revealed communication between the femoropatellar, medial femorotibial, and lateral femorotibial joints.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—These data suggest that it is important to determine the joint communications specific to each llama prior to treatment of septic arthritis. The metacarpophalangeal or metatarsophalangeal joint compartments may be considered separate, although the lateral and medial compartments infrequently communicate along the proximal palmar or plantar aspect. (Am J Vet Res2005;66:1437–1440)