bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Three‐dimensional cooperative guidance for simultaneous attack with specified impact time based on fixed‐time convergence
Authors: Zhu Guoliang , Zhang Da , Liu Kexin , Li Guofei , Lü Jinhu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this paper, distributed three‐dimensional (3D) cooperative guidance laws are designed for leader–follower multiple missiles to achieve simultaneous attack at a specified time. The guidance laws are derived from the biased proportional navigation guidance (PNG) law. Two fixed‐time distributed algorithms with time‐varying coefficients are proposed to track the state of the leader under undirected and directed topologies, respectively. The upper bounds of convergence times for the tracking algorithms are obtained. The biased guidance terms of followers are designed to track the leader with the proposed algorithms and the biased guidance term of the leader is designed to achieve specified impact time. Then, an auxiliary function is included into the biased guidance terms to meet the field‐of‐view (FOV) constraints. The leading angles' properties and convergence times under the proposed guidance laws are further analyzed. Numerical simulations are given to verify the effectiveness of the proposed cooperative guidance laws.
Ultrafine Iron Boride as a Highly Efficient Nanocatalyst Expedites Sulfur Redox Electrochemistry for High‐Performance Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Chen Guxian , Li Hongyang , Wang Yuqi , Ding Yingrui , Qian Pengsen , Zhang Kailong , Zeng Haibo , Li Gaoran 
Published: April 2024

AbstractLithium‐sulfur (Li−S) batteries have garnered significant interest as a strong contender for future energy storage, characterized by their remarkable energy density and cost‐effectiveness. However, the sluggish conversion kinetics of the polysulfide intermediates, compounded with their shuttling behaviors, pose considerable challenges in sulfur electrochemistry. Herein, we develop a novel iron monoboride (FeB) electrocatalyst for boosting sulfur reactions and enhancing Li−S battery performance. The ultrafine powdery FeB affords abundant and fully exposed active interfaces for host‐guest interactions. Meanwhile, the intrinsic high conductivity of FeB, combined with its strong adsorption and catalytic activity to polysulfides, enables substantial inhibition of the shuttle effect and enhancement of conversion kinetics. As a result, sulfur electrodes equipped with the FeB nanocatalyst realize excellent cyclability with a minimal capacity fading of 0.04 % per cycle over 500 cycles, as well as favorable rate capability up to 7 C. Moreover, decent areal capacity and cycling stability can be also achieved under high‐loading (5.1 mg cm−2) and limited‐electrolyte (7.0 mL g−1) configurations. This study presents a facile approach and insightful perspective on nanostructured metal boride for highly efficient sulfur electrocatalysis, holding good promise for the advancement of high‐performance Li−S batteries.
A Flexible One‐Dimensional Woven Supercapacitor for Low‐Power Smart Electronic Textiles
Authors: Tandon Abhinav , Rani Shalu , Sharma Yogesh 
Published: April 2024

AbstractFlexible energy storage devices are attracting a great attention nowadays in the rapidly growing area of implantable/wearable electronics. This bloom has generated great demands on flexible wire‐shaped supercapacitors (WSC) as power sources in wearable electronic systems that can offer tunable sizes, shapes, and versatile designs. Herein, a flexible WSC is fabricated using MgMn2O4 nanofibers (MMO‐NFs) over a flexible carbon yarn substrate via the electrophoretic deposition method in the first report. The binder‐free deposition of highly porous and one‐dimensionally aligned MMO‐NFs over carbon yarn offers excellent ionic/charge transport into the fabricated device. The assembled WSC device at 0.1 mA/cm current rate shows capacitances of 386 mF/cm2 and 45.5 mF/cm. A capacitance retention of 88 % for a WSC device after 10,000 cycles indicates its good cyclability. Further, the WSC exhibits good flexibility, retaining 94 % of capacitance at 0.5 mA/cm after 2000 bending cycles. Furthermore, the flexible WSC device shows power and energy density of 744 μW/cm and 14.2 μWh/cm, respectively. Additionally, WSC devices demonstrate their practical energy storage capabilities in a video that shows three similar devices being knitted into a wearable glove and glowing a red light‐emitting diode (LED) for more than five minutes in various bending positions.
Die Robert‐Rössle‐Straße in Berlin‐Pankow. Zum Streit um die ehrende Erinnerung an einen „relativ belasteten“ Pathologen in der NS‐Zeit
Authors: Beddies Thomas 
Published: April 2024

AbstractFor some years now, there has been a dispute in Berlin Pankow about renaming the “Robert‐Rössle‐Straße.” The pathologist is accused of an opportunistic attitude regarding his behaviour and his scientific work under National Socialism. In his research, especially that on a “pathology of the family,” Robert Rössle is said to have followed the racial‐hygienic paradigm of the Nazi era. He is to have used questionable methods and is subject to the reproach of having profited from his adaptation to the system scientifically and as a private citizen. The dispute over the naming of the street can be described as “dissonant memory,” impeding a harmonious culture of remembrance. It is suggested that this dispute – regardless of whether the street is renamed or not – be used productively in the sense of a reflexive historical consciousness to get on Rössle's track and illuminate the factual and personal entanglements of his network from different perspectives.
18F‐FDG PET/CT findings of paratesticular alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma
Authors: Chen Xueqi , Shou Jiayin , Li Shanshi , Fan Yan , Zhang Jianhua 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) originates from primitive mesenchymal cells and is the most common soft tissue tumor in childhood. 18F‐fluoro‐deoxyglucose (18F‐FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) has been reported to be valuable in RMS staging and risk stratification. Paratesticular RMS is a relatively uncommon form of RMS, most of which are of the embryonal histologic type. Paratesticular alveolar RMS is associated with aggressive behavior, high metastatic potential, and poor outcomes. To the best of our knowledge, 18F‐FDG PET/CT imaging findings of paratesticular alveolar RMS have never been described. Here, we report on a 16‐year‐old boy's rare paratesticular alveolar RMS with multiple metastases and its findings on 18F‐FDG PET/CT. This case also demonstrates the potential value of 18F‐FDG PET/CT in RMS staging and treatment decisions, and may aid in the differential diagnosis.
Phyto‐Fabrication of Moringa Oleifera Peel‐Sourced Silver Nanoparticles: A Promising Approach for Combating Hepatic Cancer by Targeting Proinflammatory Cytokines and Mitigating Cytokine Storms
Authors: Sameem Shahnawaz , Dwivedi Vivek , Kumar Vikas , Dwivedi Ashish R. , Pathak Prateek , Singh Bhupendra , Bhat Mashooq Ahmad , Verma Amita 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) arises from precancerous nodules, leading to liver damage and inflammation, which triggers the release of proinflammatory cytokines. Dysregulation of these cytokines can escalate into a cytokine storm, causing severe organ damage. Interestingly, Moringa oleifera (M. oleifera) fruit peel, previously discarded as waste, contains an abundance of essential biomolecules and high nutritional value. This study focuses on the eco‐friendly synthesis of silver nanoparticles infused with M. oleifera peel extract biomolecules and their impact on regulating proinflammatory cytokines, as well as their potential anticancer effects against Wistar rats. The freshly synthesized nanoformulation underwent comprehensive characterization, followed by antihepatic cancer evaluation using a diethyl nitrosamine‐induced model (at a dose of 200 mg kg−1 BW). The study demonstrates a significant reduction in proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor‐α, interleukin‐6, interleukin‐1β, and nuclear factor kappa beta (NF‐κB). Furthermore, it confirms that the newly biosynthesized silver nanoparticles exhibit additional potential against hepatic cancer due to their capped biomolecules.
Anesthetic management of a patient with Sturge–Weber syndrome in sagittal split ramus osteotomy surgery
Authors: Oda Aya , Yoshida Mitsuhiro , Imamura Serika , Takahashi Tamayo , Oue Kana , Doi Mitsuru , Shimizu Yoshitaka , Ono Shigehiro , Nakagawa Takayuki , Koizumi Koichi , Aikawa Tomonao 
Published: April 2024

Key Clinical MessageSturge–Weber syndrome (SWS) is a neurocutaneous syndrome characterized by angiomas. This report presents airway management using submental intubation in sagittal split ramus osteotomy under general anesthesia and aimed to explore better anesthetic management for avoiding the rupture of angiomas in a patient with SWS.
P and O Co‐Doped Pt−Co Octahedral Nanocrystals as Highly Active and Stable Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Tian Si‐Yi , Hu Sheng‐Nan , Shen Jun‐Fei , Tian Na , Xu Wei‐Cheng , Yang Shuang‐Li , Li Meng‐Ying , Jin Yan‐Qi , Chen Su‐Min , Chen Ming‐Shu , Zhou Zhi‐You , Sun Shi‐Gang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe development of high active and stable Pt−M (M=transition metals) electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is crucial for the commercialization of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). The main challenge of Pt−M electrocatalysts is their instability, mainly due to the leaching of M. In this study, we report the design of P and O co‐doped octahedral PtCo alloy on Ketjen carbon black (Px‐Oct PtCo/C) through a seed‐mediated synthesis. In‐situ FTIR spectroscopy revealed that P0.61‐Oct PtCo/C has the lowest d‐band center, thereby enhancing the catalytic activity. The strong interaction formed by chemical bond between O and Co in Px‐Oct PtCo/C, observed by EXAFS spectra effectively inhibited the dissolution of Co and improved the ORR stability. The mass activity and specific activity of P0.61‐Oct PtCo/C can reach 0.61 A mgPt−1 and 2.4 mA cm−2, respectively, which is 4.1 times and 10.9 times higher than that of commercial Pt/C. After 50,000 potential cycles, the loss of mass activity is only 25 %, surpassing the DOE 2025 target of less than 40 % loss after 30,000 cycles. This study offers an alternative approach to enhancing the activity and durability of Pt−M electrocatalysts for the ORR.
Cobalt/Photoredox Cooperative Catalysis‐Enabled Cycloaddition Reactions of 1,6‐Diynes and Related Compounds
Authors: Yasui Takeshi , Yamamoto Yoshihiko 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCobalt catalysts have recently gained considerable attention as alternatives to catalysts based on precious transition metals such as Rh and Ir. Recently, Co/photoredox cooperative catalysis has emerged as a powerful tool that enables versatile transformations, including cycloaddition reactions of unsaturated compounds. In particular, 1,6‐diyne derivatives are fascinating substrates for these reactions because the corresponding exocyclic 1,3‐diene products can be further transformed into sp3‐rich carbocycles and heterocycles via functionalization of the diene moiety. The dual catalytic system can facilitate not only the cycloaddition based on the activation of the π‐bond only, such as alkyne cyclotrimerization, but also the cycloaddition involving σ‐bond activation. This Concept highlights the recent advances in Co/photoredox cooperative‐catalysis‐enabled cycloaddition reactions, focusing on the reactions of 1,6‐diyne substrates, which are difficult to perform when well‐defined cationic CoI catalysis is employed.
Development of calcium sulfoaluminate cements from rich‐alumina bauxite and marble wastes: Physicochemical and microstructural characterization
Authors: Yanze Gaëlle Annick Nyonda , Nana Achile , Lemougna Patrick Ninla , Kaze Rodrigue Cyriaque , Tome Sylvain , Rahier Hubert , Kamseu Elie , Chinje Florence Uphie 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis work discusses the effect of rich alumina bauxite on the mineralogical composition of calcium sulfoaluminate (CSA) clinker cement on their performances. After preparation of different local raw materials (rich alumina bauxite and marble), they were mixed with 15 wt% of commercial gypsum and pressed at 2 MPa. The obtained pellets were thermally treated at 1200°C to produce clinker, which is use to synthesize the CSA cements. The raw materials as well as products were characterized by many analyses, such as FT‐IR, X‐ray fluorescence, X‐ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)/thermogravimetry analysis (TGA), isothermal calorimetry (ICC), scanning electron microscope, and physico‐mechanical tests. ICC analysis of the powder of clinker cement showed that the reactions are strongly affected by gypsum content. XRD results revealed that clinker and cement present a strong intensity of ye'elimite as main mineral phase. Moreover, the hydrated cement exhibited ettringite and monosulfate as the new phases formed. The compressive strength of hydrated cement reached ∼21 and 28 MPa after 1 and 28 days of curing, respectively. From the aforementioned results, this local rich alumina bauxite can be used to produce high‐strength cement for self‐leveling materials, which allow their use in engineering and building applications.
Construction of Supramolecular Polymers and Covalent Polymers via the Same Monomers
Authors: Liu Hui , Hu Rui , Hu Ziqing , Ji Xiaofan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNature owns the ability to construct structurally different polymers from the same monomers. While polymers can be classified as covalent polymers (CPs) and supramolecular polymers (SPs), it is still difficult to synthesize CPs and SPs using same monomers like nature do. Herein, M1 with two diazo salts on both the ends was designed. Additionally, hydroquinone was chosen to be M2 for the existence of two hydroxyl groups. When mixing at room temperature, M1 and M2 self‐assembled to SPs via N…H hydrogen bonds. In another way, upon the exposure to ultraviolet irradiation when blending M1 with M2, CPs were fabricated in the presence of covalent bonds. The excellent thermal stability of CPs was determined by TGA and DSC, while the great corrosion resistance of covalent polymers was detected by acid or alkali immersion. In this way, constructing two kinds of polymers using the same monomers was successfully achieved. This shows tremendous potential in fields of polymer science, supramolecular chemistry, which would boom the development of polymers.
Strategies for Using Quaternary Ammonium Salts as Alternative Reagents in Alkylations
Authors: Templ Johanna , Schnürch Michael 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAlkylation reactions are pivotal in organic chemistry, with wide‐ranging utilization across various fields of applied synthetic chemistry. However, conventional reagents employed in alkylations often pose substantial health and exposure risks. Quaternary ammonium salts (QAS) present a promising alternative for these transformations offering significantly reduced hazards as they are non‐cancerogenic, non‐mutagenic, non‐flammable, and non‐corrosive. Despite their potential, their use in direct organic transformations remains relatively unexplored. This review outlines strategies for utilizing QAS as alternative reagents in alkylation reactions, providing researchers with safer approaches to chemical synthesis.
Indole C5‐Selective Bromination of Indolo[2,3‐a]quinolizidine Alkaloids via In Situ‐Generated Indoline Intermediate
Authors: Yoshimura Go , Sakamoto Jukiya , Kitajima Mariko , Ishikawa Hayato 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThere are many indole alkaloids that contain diverse functional groups attached to the benzene ring on the indole core. Promising biological activities of these alkaloids have been reported. Herein, we report the indole C5‐selective bromination of indolo[2,3‐a]quinolizidine alkaloids by adding nearly equimolar amounts of Br3 ⋅ PyH and HCl in MeOH. The resulting reaction plausibly proceeds through an indoline intermediate by the nucleophilic addition of MeOH to the C3‐brominated indolenine intermediate. Data support the intermediacy of a C3‐, C5‐dibrominated indolenine intermediate as a brominating agent. These conditions demonstrate excellent selectivity for indole C5 bromination of natural products and their derivatives. Thus, these simple, mild, and metal‐free conditions allow for selective, late‐stage bromination followed by further chemical modifications. The utility of the brominated product prepared from naturally occurring yohimbine was demonstrated through various derivatizations, including a bioinspired heterodimerization reaction.
Mammutprojekt Manufacturing‐X
Authors: Finkler Michael 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDer EU‐Data Act ist die Basis, Initiativen wie Manufacturing‐ oder Factory‐X die Säulen zur weiteren digitalen Transformation von Wirtschaft und Industrie. Auch wenn der Weg in eine neue europäische Datenökonomie damit vorgezeichnet ist, stellt sich die Frage, wie wir diesen erfolgreich bestreiten können. Auf welche Akteure kommt es jetzt besonders an, um föderative Datenräume für eine digitale Wertschöpfung, mehr Resilienz und Nachhaltigkeit baldmöglichst für Unternehmen und Organisationen Realität werden zu lassen?
Transparent und aktuell ‐ ganz automatisch!
Authors: Peters Arne 
Published: April 2024

AbstractVom Engineering zum Betrieb kann ein digitaler Zwilling einer Anlage die Prozesse vereinfachen, beschleunigen und damit Kosten sparen. Das datenzentrierte Engineering erlaubt ein durchgängiges änderungsmanagement, das allen Gewerken die notwendigen Informationen zeitgerecht zur Verfügung stellt. Was ich im Anlagenbetrieb die Arbeit erleichtert. Eine Engineering‐Software mit offener Struktur, die Schnittstellen zu wichtigen Formaten, Standards und “Sprachen” bereithält ‐ wie beispielsweise zu dem freien, herstellerneutralen Austauschformat Automation ML, liefert dafür die Basis.
Das HMI der Zukunft ‐ wireless und sicher
Authors: Lackner Simon 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMit dem Aufkommen des Smartphones hat sich die Kommunikation radikal geändert. Die Bedienung mittels Touchscreen sowie die Verwendung von leistungsstarken Prozessoren ermöglicht eine Vielzahl an neuen Anwendungsmöglichkeiten. Modulare und ergonomische HMIs müssen im industriellen Umfeld zahlreichen Anforderungen entsprechen und vor allem sicher sein.
Virtual reality for pain management in hospitalized patients with cancer: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Groninger Hunter , Violanti Diana , Mete Mihriye 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundHospitalized patients with cancer often experience acute and/or chronic pain. Although virtual reality (VR) has been extensively studied across a wide range of clinical settings, no studies have yet evaluated potential impact on pain management in this patient population.MethodsProspective randomized controlled trial at an urban academic hospital comparing VR against an active control to mitigate moderate‐severe cancer disease and treatment‐related pain.ResultsA total of 128 adult hospitalized patients with cancer (any tumor type) were randomized to 10 minutes of immersive VR distraction therapy or 10 minutes of two‐dimensional guided imagery distraction therapy delivered by handheld tablet. Participants in the two arms were similar in age, sex, race, presence of metastatic disease, concurrent pain specialist consultation, and baseline opioid use. Although both groups experienced improved self‐reported pain scores (primary outcome), those randomized to VR experienced significantly greater reduction in pain immediately after intervention compared with active control (p = .03). This difference was sustained for 24 hours as well (p = .004). Within‐group analysis showed significant improvement in VR arm of pain bothersomeness (p = .05) and general distress (p = .03) as well.ConclusionAmong hospitalized adult patients with moderate‐severe pain related to cancer and cancer therapies, VR provided more nonpharmacologic pain relief than active control and this benefit sustained long after conclusion of the intervention.Plain Language Summary

Virtual reality (VR), a developing technology that immerses the user in new environments, has been shown to improve pain in different patient populations.
To test the role of VR in improving pain in hospitalized patients with cancer who report moderate‐severe pain, we compared the impact of a 10‐minute immersive VR intervention to that of a 10‐minute two‐dimensional guided imagery experience to improve self‐reported pain scores.
We found that, although both interventions improved pain, VR did so significantly more. Moreover, participants assigned to VR had sustained improvement in pain 24 hours later.
A proxy for brain‐to‐endocranial cavity index in non‐neornithean dinosaurs and other extinct archosaurs
Authors: Knoll Fabien , Ishikawa Asato , Kawabe Soichiro 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAlthough the brain fills nearly the entire cranial cavity in birds, it can occupy a small portion of it in crocodilians. The lack of data regarding the volumetric correspondence between the brain and the cranial cavity hampers thorough assessments of the degree of encephalization in non‐neornithean dinosaurs and other extinct archosaurs and, consequently, informed inferences regarding their cognitive capacities. Existing data suggest that, across extant archosaurs, the degree of endocranial doming and the volume of intracranial nonneural components are inversely related. We build upon this information to develop an equation relating these two anatomical features in non‐neornithean dinosaurs and other extinct archosaurs. We rely on measurements of the endocast doming and brain‐to‐endocranial cavity (BEC) index in extant relatives of non‐neornithean dinosaurs, namely, the crurotarsans Caiman crocodilus, Crocodylus niloticus, and Crocodylus porosus; the paleognaths Struthio camelus and Apteryx mantelli; and the fowl Macrocephalon maleo, Gallus gallus, Meleagris gallopavo, Phasianus colchicus, and Anas platyrhynchos. Applying the equation to representative endocasts from major clades of dinosaurs, we found that BEC varies from about 0.6 in ceratopsians and thyreophorans to around 0.7 in ornithopods, pachycephalosaurians, sauropods, and theropods. We, therefore, warn against the use of a catch‐all value, like 0.5, and instead encourage refinement in the adoption of BEC across archosaurs.
Index‐aware learning of circuits
Authors: Cortes Garcia Idoia , Förster Peter , Jansen Lennart , Schilders Wil , Schöps Sebastian 
Published: April 2024

AbstractElectrical circuits are present in a variety of technologies, making their design an important part of computer aided engineering. The growing number of parameters that affect the final design leads to a need for new approaches to quantify their impact. Machine learning may play a key role in this regard; however, current approaches often make suboptimal use of existing knowledge about the system at hand. In terms of circuits, their description via modified nodal analysis is well‐understood. This particular formulation leads to systems of differential‐algebraic equations (DAEs), which bring with them a number of peculiarities, for example, hidden constraints that the solution needs to fulfill. We use the recently introduced dissection index that can decouple a given system of DAEs into ordinary differential equations, only depending on differential variables, and purely algebraic equations, that describe the relations between differential and algebraic variables. The idea is to then only learn the differential variables and reconstruct the algebraic ones using the relations from the decoupling. This approach guarantees that the algebraic constraints are fulfilled up to the accuracy of the nonlinear system solver, and it may also reduce the learning effort as only the differential variables need to be learned.