bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Options and Motivations for International AI Benefit Sharing
Authors: Dennis Claire , Manning Sam , Clare Stephen , Wu Boxi , Effoduh Okechukwu (Jake) , T. Okolo Chinasa , Heim Lennart , Klinova Katya 
Published: February 2025

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<p>Advanced AI systems could generate substantial economic and other societal benefits, but these benefits may not be widely shared by default. For a range of reasons, a number of prominent actors and institutions have called for efforts to expand access to AI's benefits. In this report, we define the concept of international AI benefit sharing (“benefit sharing”) as efforts to support and accelerate international access to AI’s economic or broader societal benefits. Calls for benefit sharing typically invoke at least one of three motivations: 1) supporting inclusive economic growth and sustainable development, 2) fostering technological self-determination in low- and middle-income countries, and 3) advancing geopolitical objectives, including strengthening international partnerships on AI governance. Notably, as a subset of the third motive, some powerful actors – like the US government – may support benefit sharing as a tool to further their economic and national security interests. Benefit sharing could be implemented by (1) sharing AI resources (e.g., computing power or data), (2) expanding access to AI systems, or (3) transferring a portion of the financial proceeds from AI commercialization or AI-driven economic growth. Depending on the objective that benefit sharing is intended to achieve, each of these approaches offers distinct opportunities and implementation challenges. These challenges include the potential for some benefit-sharing options to raise security concerns and increase certain global risks. Actors interested in benefit sharing may consider implementing low-risk forms of benefit sharing immediately, while launching cooperative international discussions to develop more comprehensive, mutually-beneficial initiatives.</p>
Foreword
Authors: Sharkey Heather J. 
Published: February 2025

Across his long and continuing career, Bernard Heyberger has explored the “connected history” linking Christians of western and southern Europe with the region that we now call the Middle East, from the sixteenth through the twentieth centuries. The ten articles in this volume, most translated for the first time from French into English and focusing on links between Catholics from Syria and Rome, reflect the distinctive features of his scholarship. Above all, his articles emphasize the energy and resourcefulness of his subjects. Far from presenting Christians as passive victims of Muslim majoritarian rule, Heyberger has insisted on their historical agency (“agentivité”) as integral members of Islamic societies.
Three local plants adapt to ecological restoration of abandoned lead-zinc mines through assembly of rhizosphere bacterial communities
Authors: Gao Wei , Chen Shuyi , Yu Xin , Chen Sumin , Wan Caijing , Wang Ying , Wu Peng , Li Qiang 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionThe plant restoration and ecological restoration of lead-zinc mines are very important.MethodsIn this study, we used three local plants to carry out ecological restoration of abandoned lead–zinc mining areas and detected the adaptive mechanisms of soil bacterial diversity and function during the ecological restoration of lead–zinc mines through 16S rRNA sequencing.ResultsThe results revealed that lead-zinc mining significantly reduced the soil bacterial diversity, including the Shannon, Simpson, and observed species indices, whereas the planting of the three ecological restoration plants restored the soil microbial diversity to a certain extent, leading to increases in the Shannon index and Observed species indices. Mining activities significantly reduced the abundances of RB41 and Bryobacter in the bulk soil compared with those in the nonmining areas, whereas the three ecological restoration plants increased the abundances of RB41 and Bryobacter in the rhizosphere soil compared with those in the bulk soil in the mining areas. Following the planting of the three types of ecologically restored plants, the soil bacterial community structure partially recovered. In addition, different plants have been found to have different functions in the lead-zinc ecological restoration process, including iron complex transport system-permitting proteins and ATP binding cassettes.DiscussionThis study confirms for the first time that plants adapt to the remediation process of abandoned lead-zinc mines by non-randomly assembling rhizosphere bacterial communities and functions, providing a reference for screening microbial remediation bacterial resources and plant microbe joint bioremediation strategies for lead-zinc mines.
How does playfulness (re)frame the world? Evidence for selective cognitive and behavioral redirecting in times of adversity
Authors: Shen Xiangyou , Crawley Zoe 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionDo playful people perceive, approach, and respond to their environment and life events differently than less playful individuals? While playfulness has been theorized to affect how individuals frame or reframe situations, this widely accepted premise lacks theoretical specification and empirical validation. This study examined playfulness as a perceptual lens and its potential broader (re)framing effects spanning cognition, emotion, and behavior in the disruptive pandemic context.MethodsTwo groups with contrasting levels of playfulness (high vs. low as measured by the Adult Playfulness Trait Scale) were derived from a nationwide US adult sample (n = 503) and compared across 19 criterion variables representing diverse perceptual, emotional, and behavioral responses during COVID-19. Sequential analyses including MANOVA, ANOVA, and ANCOVA were performed to examine overall, univariate, and adjusted group differences, respectively, validated by sensitivity analysis across three group categorization methods.ResultsThree sets of contrasting findings evidenced selective playful (re)framing effects, wherein more playful individuals (1) shared similar perceptions of current risk and protective factors while adopting a more optimistic future outlook, (2) perceived similar levels of vulnerability and isolation but engaged in significantly higher levels of resilient coping and adaptive leisure, and (3) participated in similar categories and frequencies of leisure activities but with higher experiential quality, marked by greater immersion, activeness, and positive affect.DiscussionPlayfulness functions as a “color spotlight” rather than “rose-tinted glasses,” with selective influence through “lemonading”—creatively imagining and pursuing positive possibilities to cultivate adaptive, enjoyable experiences while maintaining a clear-eyed realism about challenges. This advances a nuanced understanding of playful (re)framing as operating primarily through intrinsic goal-oriented cognitive and behavioral redirecting, underscoring playfulness’ potential as an integrative resilience factor, experiential quality amplifier, and character strength for promoting individual flourishing.
A medical insurance fund operation performance evaluation system under the DRG payment mode reform
Authors: Wang Zijian , Chang Weifu , Luo Aijing 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundAn evaluation system for comprehensively measuring medical insurance fund operational performance under China’s Diagnosis Related Groups (DRG) payment reform holds critical theoretical and practical significance, especially for enhancing the efficiency of medical insurance fund utilization and the quality of healthcare services. However, few studies undertake performance evaluations of medical insurance funds under DRG payments, especially those incorporating the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)-Entropy Weight Method (EWM)- Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation (FCE) method model.MethodsThis study utilizes operational data from medical insurance funds across eight cities in S Province, China, from 2020 to 2022. It develops an innovative performance evaluation system for medical insurance funds utilizing the AHP-EWM-FCE evaluation method. Finally, it explores the key influencing factors by applying the Tobit regression model.ResultsAs the reform of DRG payment methods has advanced, the operational performance scores related to the management, fundraising, utilization, and satisfaction of DRG medical insurance funds have consistently improved. Notably, the comprehensive indexes of QD and JN cities exhibit significant comparative advantages, resulting in higher performance evaluation scores for their medical insurance funds. Additionally, the performance scores assessed by the proposed evaluation system align closely with actual operational outcomes. Regression analysis further indicates that medical service capability is the key determinant influencing the operational performance of medical insurance funds.ConclusionThis study develops a novel evaluation system for measuring medical insurance funds’ operational performance. The insights can help proactively foster the high-quality development of these funds, and modernization of the medical insurance governance system and governance capabilities; stimulate the fund’s productivity; and enhance the health and wellbeing of people.
The impact of centralization on structural changes in healthcare: when it works
Authors: Shishkin Sergey , Sheiman Igor , Potapchik Elena , Vlassov Vasily , Sazhina Svetlana 
Published: February 2025

PurposeAfter a decade of post-Soviet decentralization of the healthcare in Russia the opposite trend has been dominating. This paper explores the impact of centralization of healthcare governance on the structure of the healthcare system in Russia, including shift in service delivery structure, the institutional organization of healthcare providers, and their interactions.MethodologyWe employ quantitative and qualitative analysis to study how centralization has contributed to restructuring service delivery with instruments of utilization planning, vertical health programs, and centrally determined pathways of patients flows in a multi-level health care system.FindingsCentralization of healthcare governance has contributed to restructuring the Russian healthcare system, providing positive changes in structure of inpatient/outpatient care utilization, the organizational structure of service providers, and the structure of their activities. Inpatient care is increasingly replaced by outpatient care and day wards. Centralization contributed to creation of new types of medical organizations (perinatal centers, vascular centers, etc.), development of prevention, and strengthening of providers activity integration in a multi-level system of medical care. However, centralization has not been accompanied by the effective interaction of different levels of governance in developing structural reforms and their implementation in the regions. Uniform activities for the entire country do not take into account specific regional and local conditions. Some unified solutions are implemented in regions with negative consequences for the accessibility of care locally. The excessively centralized model of preventive measures does not provide an effective balance between detection of diseases and follow-up treatment. A so-called “new primary healthcare model”, initiated from the top, limits the development of alternative models that are needed in many regions of the country. The analysis concludes with a set of conditions that should be followed in designing and implementing a centralized model of healthcare governance.
Effect of icatibant on sweating-induced dermal pain
Authors: Takahagi Shunsuke , Matsubara Daiki , Murakami Emi , Aoyama Yumi , Imamura Shinya , Fukunaga Atsushi , Oda Yoshiko , Murota Hiroyuki , Hide Michihiro 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundExposure to sweating stimuli triggers transient and severe dermal pain in certain individuals. This study aimed to evaluate the analgesic effect of icatibant, a bradykinin B2 receptor antagonist, for the dermal pain induced by sweating stimuli and explored the role of bradykinin in its pathomechanism.MethodsThis single-blind, randomized, crossover study enrolled adult patients who had experienced severe sweating-induced dermal pain. Participants randomly received icatibant (30 mg) or placebo on Day 1 and vice versa on Day 2. Before and after drug administration, dermal pain induced by an artificial thermal loading was assessed using the visual analog scale (VAS).ResultsFour patients were enrolled, three of whom completed the full procedure with the termination in the other. Among the three patients, the pain-VAS score decreased more with icatibant than with saline in one patient, whereas it decreased more with saline than with icatibant in the other two patients. The pain duration decreased more with icatibant than with saline in two patients, whereas it decreased equally with both treatments in the other. Icatibant did not affect the changes in whole blood and plasma histamine, and serum angiotensin-converting enzyme levels after the induction of the dermal pain. A safety profile showed injection site pain associated with icatibant.ConclusionBlockade of bradykinin B2 receptor signaling by icatibant contributed to the reduction of dermal pain during sweating stimuli in one patient but not in two others. The role of bradykinin in the dermal pain varies among patients.Clinical trial registrationhttps://jrct.niph.go.jp/, identifier jRCTs061210021.
The Prevalence of Schistosoma haematobium and Its Impact on the Hematological Profile of Children Living in Northern Madagascar
Authors: Wilczyńska Wanesa , Kasprowicz Daniel , Świetlik Dariusz , Korzeniewski Krzysztof 
Published: February 2025

Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease that is considered a major threat to public health in Madagascar. The condition is endemic in more than 90% of the country’s districts. It is estimated that as much as 52% of the country’s general population is infected with Schistosoma spp. trematodes. The aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence values of Schistosoma haematobium infections in a population of children living in northern Madagascar and to determine the impact of trematode infections on the hematological profiles of the children included in the study. This screening study was conducted in 2024, and it involved a group of 170 children aged 0–17 years. The participants were required to provide urine samples for microscopic and molecular examination. The urine samples were preserved on Whatman 903 protein sever cards using the dried urine spot (DUS) sampling technique and then were transported from Madagascar to a molecular laboratory in Poland, where the samples were tested for the presence of S. haematobium. The present study found that the incidence of S. haematobium infections in the study group consisting of 170 children was as high as 67.6%. The authors observed a reduction in mean hemoglobin (Hb) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) values in the infected children. In spite of continuous efforts to prevent the transmission of schistosomiasis in endemic countries (WHO-recommended mass drug administration campaigns), the incidence of S. haematobium infections was found to be exceptionally high among the study participants. S. haematobium infections present with a characteristic hematological picture showing signs of increased immune response and anemia. The DUS technique has been successfully used for the molecular diagnosis of S. haematobium. This method opens up possibilities for more effective and less expensive sample collection.
Use of Wastewaters from Ethanol Distilleries and Raw Glycerol for Microbial Oil Production
Authors: Faife Evelyn , Ochoa Nayra , Xu Jingyang , Liu Dehua , Du Wei , Díaz Manuel , Aguilar-Uscanga María Guadalupe 
Published: February 2025

The production of biodiesel from single-cell oils (SCOs) utilizing industrial wastes as feedstock presents an economically viable approach. To date, studies have rarely reported the utilization of vinasse combined with industrial glycerol for the production of SCO. This study aimed to assess the performance of a Rhodotorula toruloides strain in vinasse from ethanol distilleries supplemented with pure/raw glycerol as an affordable carbon feedstock for SCO production. Several critical factors, including the C/N ratio, the impact of impurities in the crude glycerol, the proper nitrogen source, and the effects of the vinasse compositions, were evaluated. The results showed that the incorporation of urea and raw glycerol increased the lipid content to 51.8 ± 1.6% and the lipid productivity to 0.034 ± 0.001 g L−1h−1. Elevated biomass (42.5 g L−1) and lipid (11.0 g L−1) concentrations indicated that impurities in the raw glycerol positively affected the growth and lipid accumulation of this strain. Notably, supplementing raw glycerol to the vinasse led to a 16.1% increase in biomass concentration and a 25.7% rise in lipid content, significantly enhancing lipid productivity by 59.6%. The fatty acid profile predominantly featured unsaturated fatty acids (96.8%), including high percentages of stearic acid (41.8 ± 2.6%), palmitic acid (21.8 ± 1.5%), and oleic acid (18.3 ± 1.4%), aligning with the standards for vegetable-oil-based biodiesel manufacture. Fed-batch strategies using pulse-feeding turned out to be less effective than the constant-flow feeding strategy with vinasse supplemented with raw glycerol, which achieved a higher lipid productivity of 0.30 g L−1h−1.
Usage of broiler intelligence management system (BIMS) applications technology for mortality report in southwest Nigeria
Authors: Madedor Victoria , Awoyele Adebayo , Akinbo Tina , Victoria Chimezie , Ali Akorede Abimbola , Sola-Ojo Foluke 
Published: February 2025

The Broiler Intelligence Management System (BIMS) applications technology (BIMS apps) was applied to study the mortality reported by broiler farmers in Ibadan Oyo state Southwest Nigeria from the farm records of one hundred and twenty (120) poultry farmers randomly selected through the state chapter of Poultry Association of Nigeria. The study was conducted for three years to determine the trend of mortality reports before and after using BIMS apps in broiler production. Data was analyzed using line charts, inferential and descriptive statistics. The line chart analysis showed that the highest mortality percentage reported was in 2019 and the lowest in 2021. The use of BIMS apps shows a decrease in mortality reports in 2021 with an average value of 1.84%. The results also showed that the mortality percentage recorded was positively correlated in three years (r=0.76, 0.77). There was no significant average difference between the mortality percentage using BIMS apps in 2021 and the mortality percentage in 2018 (t41 = -1.667, p > 0.05), while there was a significant difference between the mortality percentage using BIMS apps in 2021 and the mortality percentage in 2019 (t41 = -10.749, p < 0.05). The average mortality percentage using BIMS apps in 2021 was 0.738 lower than in 2019 (95% CI [-.877, -.599]). BIMS app usage is directly proportional to the rate of usage by farmers in estimating mortality rate and it is recommended for accurate report of mortality rate by farmers as this will contribute to effective management in broiler production.
Regulasi Pariwisata Budaya Berbasis Industri Pencak Silat di Kota Madiun Jawa Timur
Authors: Sigit Sapto Nugroho  , Anik Tri Haryani  , Taufiq Yuli Purnama  
Published: February 2025

Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan Potensi Perguruan Pencak silat di wilayah di Kota Madiun Propinsi Jawa Timur, memiliki kurang lebih 14 (empatbelas) perguruan pencak silat yang tersebar dan berkembang diseluruh kawasan ini dengan jumlah jutaan anggota yang awalnya sarat dengan konflik horizontal sudah saatnya sekarang dipandang sebagai potensi yang dinyakini layak untuk dikembangkan menjadi sebuah destinasi pariwisata budaya yang menjanjikan baik dari sisi pemberdayaan maupun dari sisi pengembangan ekonomi kreatif berbasis industri pencak silat.Metode Penelitian dilakukan dengan melakukan studi pustaka didukung penelitian lapangan, quisioner dan wawancara secara mendalam dengan informan kunci. Berdasarkan tahapan dalam penelitian tersebut akan dilakukan analisis secara deskriptif kualitatif sehingga menghasilkan kesimpulan sesuai yang diharapkan. Penelitian ini mengasilkan konsep regulasi atau kebijakan. pengembangan pariwisata budaya Kota Madiun berbasis industri silat, antara lain pengembangan industri film, Panggung atraksi budaya, Pendidikan (museum), Pusat galeri seni dan UMKM, dan event budaya nasional maupun internasional.
Kata Kunci: Pariwisata; Budaya; Industri; Pencak Silat.
Sinergitas Masyarakat dan Kepolisian Dalam Pencegahan Perang Sarung Di Bulan Suci
Authors: Isnawan Fuadi 
Published: February 2025

Fenomena kenakalan remaja merupakan ciri yang khas dalam fase remaja. Dalam fase tersebut banyak terjadi penyimpangan yang ada, yang dilakukan oleh remaja dalam usahanya untuk mencari jati dirinya. Penyimpangan ini bisa memiliki dua akibat yang bisa ditolerir dan yang tidak bisa ditolerir yaitu sudah bersifat tindak pidana. Salah satu penyimpangan dan kenakalan remaja yang dilakukan ialah perang sarung antar remaja. Jika dahulu dilakukan dengan cara yang baik dengan tujuan untuk hiburan semata Akan tetapi sekarang sudah banyak dilakukan karena emosi yang dilakukan dengan cara menantang salah satu kelompok terlebih dahulu. Dalam penelitian ini akan dikaji secara khusus mengenai Bagaimana peran masyarakat dan juga kepolisian dalam menangani fenomena perang sarung tersebut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini ialah metode penelitian yuridis normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan kasus untuk mengkaji rumusan permasalahan yang ada dalam penelitian ini sehingga dapat memberikan gambaran yang utuh mengenai hal tersebut.
Dispensasi Kawin dan Tingginya Angka Perceraian di Bima Pasca Implementasi Undang-undang Nomor 16 Tahun 2019
Authors: Ridwan  , Irawansah Didik , Ilham  , Wulandari Ainun , Khulqiyah Husnul , Maulana M. Rizky , Heryanto Anas , Mustiawan  
Published: February 2025

Masalah: Pernikahan dini saat ini menjadi perhatian seluruh kalangan di negara-negara berkembang, Indonesia salah satunya. Akhirnya pemerintah pada oktober 2019 telah mengesahkan Undang-undang No 16 tahun 2019 yang isinya membahas tentang perubahan Undang-undang No 1 Tahun 1974 tentang perkawinan, hasil revisinya memuat sepakat mengganti batas usia minimal perempuan dan laki laki menikah menjadi 19 tahun. Oleh karena itu, Tujuan penelitian ini: pertama, untuk mendeskripsikan pengaturan hukum pernikahan dini berdasarkan Per UU di Indonesia (Menurut KUHPerdata dan UU Perkawinan 01/1974); kedua, untuk mendeskripsikan presentase tingginya angka pernikahan dini dan perceraian di Kota Bima. Metode penelitian dalam penulisan ini menggunakan jenis penelitian Non Doktrinal (empiris) pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan konseptual perundang-undangan dan sosiolegal, jenis data yang digunakan data primer berbasis wawancara, dokumentasi, dan observasi dan dipadukan berdasarkan dokumen-dokumen hukum yang relevan berdasarkan objek yang diteliti, teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara semistruktur yang artinya wawancara mendalam berdasarkan pertanyaan-pertanyaan yang disampaikan oleh peneliti terhadap objek yang diteliti, sedangkan analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif, analisis perspektif, dan penarikan kesimpulan deduktif ke induktif. Hasil penelitian: Dalam data permohonan Dispensasi nikah yang kami dapatkan lima tahun terakhir ini yaitu dari tahun 2019 sampai dengan 2023, yang dimana pada tahun 2019 terdapat sejumlah 93 permohonan Dispensasi Nikah, tahun 2020 sebanyak 240 permohonan Dispensasi, tahun 2021 sebanyak 230 permohonan dispensasi, tahun 2022 sebanyak 268 permohonan dispensasi, dan tahun terakhir yaitu 2023 sebanyak 302 permohonan dispensasi. Faktor utama yang mendominasi tinggi angka permohonan dispensasi kawin pada tahun 2023 ini adalah Hamil diluar nikah.