bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Credit Risk Assessment and Fraud Detection in Financial Transactions Using Machine Learning
Authors: Rakesh Pandit, Sheetal Bawane, Jayesh Surana Pankaj Malik, Ankita Chourasia, 
Published: April 2024

Credit risk assessment and fraud detection are crucial tasks in the financial industry, vital to preserving financial organizations' legitimacy and sustainability. Traditional methods often fall short in accurately assessing risk and detecting fraudulent activities in a timely manner. In recent years, machine learning has emerged as a powerful tool for enhancing these processes, leveraging great dimensions of transactional statistics and superior algos for making more informed decisions. This research paper explores the usage of ML techniques in credit risk assessment and fraud detection within financial transactions.
The paper begins with an overview of the importance of accurate risk assessment and fraud detection in financial transactions and introduces the role of machine learning in addressing these challenges. A comprehensive literature review is conducted to analyze existing methodologies, algorithms, and research trends in the field. Data acquisition and preprocessing techniques are discussed, emphasizing the importance of clean and relevant data for model training. Feature engineering strategies are explored to extract meaningful information from financial transaction data and enhance the predictive capabilities of machine learning models.
Various machine learning algorithms suitable for credit risk assessment and fraud detection are examined, including LR, SVMs, RF, DTs and DNNs. The efficacy of these techniques is evaluated by discussing model metrics for assessment and ensemble approaches for boosting efficiency, with a focus on metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, and ROC-AUC.
The paper presents case studies and experimental results illustrating the application of machine learning models in real-world scenarios, highlighting their effectiveness in improving risk assessment and fraud detection processes. Additionally, difficulties such as imbalanced datasets, comprehensibility of the model and adherence to regulations are discussed, along with potential research directions and future trends in the field.
In conclusion, this research emphasizes the transformative potential of machine learning in credit risk assessment and fraud detection within financial transactions. By leveraging advanced algorithms and data-driven approaches, financial institutions can enhance their decision-making processes, mitigate risks, and safeguard against fraudulent activities, ultimately contributing to a more secure and resilient financial ecosystem.
Analysis of Human Voice for Speaker Recognition: Concepts and Advancement
Authors: Sumit Srivastava Khushboo Jha, Aruna Jain 
Published: April 2024

Human voice or speech is a contactless, non-invasive biometric trait for human recognition, easy to use with minimal computer complexity and inexpensive to implement. Speaker recognition (SR) has turned out to be a magnificent approach using speech as the central premise since decades. Its broad range of usages, like forensic speech verification to identify culprits by law enforcement authorities and access control to mobile banking, mobile shopping, etc., has made it a lucrative area of research. Also, the ease of use and dependability of SR will significantly assist people with disabilities in securely accessing and reaping the benefits of digital-era services. Additionally, the emergence of numerous deep learning methods for feature extraction and classification, has helped SR to achieve tremendous progress. This paper presents a comprehensive study on the progression of SR for decades till the present, including integration with Blockchain and challenges. It covers most of the factors that influence SR performance such as fundamentals and structure of SR, different speech pre-processing techniques, various speech features, feature extraction techniques, traditional and neural network-based classification techniques and deep learning-based SR toolkits. As a consequence, in this digital Blockchain era, it will help to design robust and reliable recognition-based services for mankind.
Odors Detection and Recognition Based on Intelligent E-Nose
Authors: Ayad A. Al-Ani Husam K. Salih 
Published: April 2024

Electronic noses have become more common as a result of developments in sensor technology, machine learning (ML), and Artificial Intelligence (AI). At the moment, the majority of e-nose research is conducted in laboratories; access from other locations is not possible with e-nose. Very few real-time smell detection applications, including tiny drones equipped with commercial gas sensors or biosensors made of insect antennas, have been created. The scope of this work is to design an intelligent E-Nose for odors detection. Smell Inspector developer kit has been used to get measurements. The Smell Inspector consists of sensors for temperature and humidity in addition to four smell iX16 chips. The Smell Inspector creates digital fragrance fingerprints using a variety of separate gas detectors. The approach for object recognition and classification using artificial intelligence techniques is presented in this paper. These techniques include Machine Learning (ML), clustering, and regression algorithms. Using the K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) algorithm, the experimental results' array sensors were able to recognize; clean air, onion, garlic, coffee, spices, lemon, vinegar, gasoline, petrol, diesel, and perfumes with 78% accuracy rate.
The Battle for Repairability: Navigating Intellectual Property Rights
Authors: Sahu Ms. Namrata 
Published: April 2024

The “right to repair” movement allows consumers freedom to choose how they repair their product, either by themselves or choosing any third party repair service provider, instead of being obligated to return to the original manufacturer for repairs. When a product becomes non-functional or obsolete, consumers may decide whether to repair or replace it. But this choice is influenced by different factors taking into account cost, quality of repair services, convenience of repair services, as well as consumer preferences for newer and better products. The movement aims to pressure manufacturers to make spare parts, tools, and repair guides available for their products, extending their lifespan with the goal of reducing electronic waste. Replacement with a new product and throwing away the old ones is the growing concern as it leads to generation of electronic-waste. Manufacturer’s opposition to the movement stems from concerns about intellectual property and proprietary information theft. This has sparked debates around protecting intellectual property while ensuring consumer rights and safety, promoting sustainability, and competition. The paper aims to explore the relationship between “Right to Repair” movement and intellectual property rights, and to find a harmonious construct between these competing interests. It posits that a collaborative effort is necessary to find a solution that strikes the right balance, and enables a sustainable future for generations to come.
An Analysis on the Impact of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) Changes on the Land Surface Temperature (LST) using Satellite Imagery in the West Bank, Palestine
Authors: Ghodieh Ahmed 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This study investigated the impact of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) on the Land Surface Temperature (LST) in the West Bank, Palestine, using multitemporal satellite imagery. Landsat 5 TM and Landsat 8 OLI data were used in the study. The Landsat 5 TM data was acquired on March 29, 2001, while the Landsat 8 OLI data was acquired on April 05, 2021. The NDVI and the LST for the two images were then calculated from the two images using ArcGIS 10.8 software. Results of the study showed that the NDVI of the 2021 image was much higher than that of the 2001 image. The mean NDVI of the 2001 image was 0.25, while that of the 2021 image was 0.32. As for the LST, the mean LST of the 2001 image was 29.85 °C, while that of the 2021 image was 26.98 °C. Around 74.7% of the West Bank lands recorded an inverse relationship between the NDVI change and the LST change between 2001 and 2021. Around 25.3% of the West Bank lands recorded a positive relationship. In other words, the study depicted the impact of the NDVI on the LST in the West Bank. The study recommends that policymakers need to increase the green areas in the West Bank to reduce the LST as this is seen to affect the climate conditions in the area.
Keywords: LST, NDVI, West Bank, Palestine, Landsat data.
Social processes in Modern Georgia: Is There any Potential for the Development of Russian-Georgian Cooperation?
Authors: Tsikhelashvili N. Sh. , Gikashvili G. V. , Sikharulidze A. T. , Khotivrishvili A. A. , Tsopurashvili G. , Rtskhiladze G. 
Published: April 2024

The authors of the article, participants in the discussion “Georgia’s Communication Regime: Development Trends,” presented their views on social processes in modern Georgia. It is substantiated that the spiritual ties between Georgians and Russians are based on Orthodoxy and the mutual assistance that Russians and Georgians have provided to each other for centuries. The historical and cultural origins of Russian-Georgian relations are examined. The common historical past contributed to the interpenetration of cultures and traditions. However, under the influence of Western ideologies, a large part of modern Georgian youth has formed a different worldview. The authors of the article propose how to overcome the ideological gap through the implementation of cultural projects. Promising areas of cooperation between Russia and Georgia are considered in the absence of diplomatic relations and the anti-Russian position of the Georgian authorities. Youth communications and cooperation in the economy (primarily in agriculture) are also promising. The following risks of cooperation are considered: the unresolved issue of South Ossetia and Abkhazia, fluctuations of the political elites of Georgia, the chaotic nature of the Georgian economy, the role of anti-Russian position of Russians in Georgia, insufficient work with Georgian society on the Russian side and the need to activate the potential of the Georgian diaspora in Russia.The article was prepared based on the materials of the international round table “Georgia’s Communication Regime: Development Trends” (conducted by the National Research Institute for the Communications Development in December 2023).
Communication Regime in Georgia: Dialogue in the Context of Severed Diplomatic Relations
Authors: Skvortsova N. A. , Abazov D. A. 
Published: April 2024

This article presents the results of a research on the information and communication situation in Georgia, the role and importance of national and foreign communication resources, conducted by the annual monitoring of the friendliness of communication regimes of the National Research Institute of Communication Development (NRICD). The authors examined the main challenges and threats in the communication regime of the two countries. The article reveals the latent problems of the communication regime, including the concentration of media in the hands of a narrow circle of individuals and political forces, as well as the increasing politicization of information. The article examines the peculiarities of presentation of news materials that shape anti-Russian rhetoric and agenda. The communication regime between the two countries is largely determined by the continuing tension around the Tskhinvali region and Abkhazia, as well as the instability of the internal political situation. The increasing fragmentation of Georgian society, the extreme polarization of various political forces, and the growing role of non-regional actors have a great impact on Georgian political discourse and official rhetoric and serve as a facilitator for the complication of bilateral relations.The article uses the materials of the annual monitoring of the communication regimes of post-Soviet countries. Monitoring is provided by the National Research Institute for the Communications Development (Moscow).
ГЕРОЇЧНЕ МИНУЛЕ В ПОЕЗІЇ ТАРАСА ШЕВЧЕНКА
Authors: Запорожченко Галина 
Published: April 2024

Статтю присвячено постаті великого сина українського народу Тараса Григоровича Шевченка – чи не єдиного найпотужнішого поета в історії світової літератури ХІХ століття, що з могутньою силою поетичного слова проголошував ідею визволення народу з-під соціального і національного гніту. Подано приклади високохудожньої громадської лірики поета, у якій він оспівує героїчну минувшину української нації і відкриває Україну з її волелюбним і нездоланним народом для мільйонів людей у всьому світі. Наведено цитати з деяких творів поета про славне історичне минуле нескореного народу, що зазвучало потужним голосом поета на сторінках його безсмертного «Кобзаря». Подано історичні відомості про рисунок Тараса Шевченка «Гайдамака Галайда. За поемою «Гайдамаки» [1840–1841. С.-Петербург]. Стаття призначена вчителям-філологам, керівникам краєзнавчих гуртків і факультативів.
The effect of exercises similar to playing in developing some complex offensive skills for talented football players under 12 years old
Authors: Hussein Hamza Najm  , Jabbar Ali Kadhim  
Published: April 2024

أن التمرينات المشابهة للعب المتنوعة والمختلفة لما يحدث فعلا في المباريات التنافسية لكرة القدم تعمل على تطوير وصقل المواهب للاعبي كرة القدم الموهبين تحت 12 سنة ومن الاعمار الصغيرة ومنذ بداية العمر التدريبي للاعب للوصول الى المستويات العليا, وان مستوى الأداء الجيد للاعب تعكسه مجموعة من المهارات الاساسية والقدرات التي يمتلكها من موهبة وابداع في اداء المهارات الهجومية المركبة ومنها الاستلام والمناولة , الدحرجة بين الشواخص والتهديف حيث ان كرة القدم لايمكن ممارستها واداء مهاراتها بشكل منفرد ولابد من اداء المهارات بشكل مركب داخل ظروف المنافسة, وحدد الباحثان اهدافهم ان تكون اعداد تمرينات مشابهة للعب متنوعة وحديثة بكرة القدم و التعرف على تأثير هذه التمرينات المشابهة للعب في تطوير اداء المهارات المركبة , إذ استخدم الباحثان المنهج التجريبي على عينة مكون من (15) لاعب , وتم البدء بتنفيذ التمرينات التوافقية المشابهة للعب في القسم الرئيسي فقط بواقع (24) وحدة تدريبية و ظهرت لنا نتائج البحث التي تم عرضها وتحليلها للاختبارات القبلية والبعدية لمجموعة البحث ظهرت هناك فروق معنوية في تطور (الاستلام والمناولة , الدحرجة بين الشواخص والتهديف) لمجموعة البحث , ومن الاستنتاجات التي توصل أليها الباحثان تبين أن للتمرينات المشابهة للعب أثر في فاعلية أداء المهارات الهجومية المركبة وتطويرها لأستخدامها داخل ظروف المنافسة , ويدعم البحث هدف الصحة الرفاه من اهداف التنمية المستدامة .
O TRABALHO DOCENTE ARTICULADO NA UNIDADE DE EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL IPÊ AMARELO: PERCEPÇÕES INICIAIS
Authors: Rosa Denise Ferreira da , Honnef Cláucia , Weber Karine 
Published: April 2024

A Educação Infantil e a Educação Especial são áreas importantes no cenário educacional. Na Unidade de Educação Infantil Ipê Amarelo (UEIIA), prioriza-se o desenvolvimento de uma parceria entre essas duas áreas por meio do Trabalho Docente Articulado, o qual configura-se como uma abordagem teórico-prática do trabalho da Educação Especial. Este trabalho busca integrar o Atendimento Educacional Especializado (AEE) em diferentes contextos, como a Sala de Recursos Multifuncionais (SRM) e demais espaços escolares, com base no Plano Educacional Individualizado (PEI) elaborado coletivamente para cada criança. Apesar dos desafios enfrentados pelas professoras, especialmente em relação à organização das práticas pedagógicas e ao engajamento dos profissionais, o Trabalho Docente Articulado representa uma possibilidade para promover a inclusão escolar e o desenvolvimento integral das crianças. Propõe-se aqui explorar o conceito de Trabalho Docente Articulado, a inclusão escolar e as percepções iniciais de duas professoras com base em suas experiências no ano de 2023.
Faith-Based Investing, Stewardship, and Sustainability: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Tan Tjin Yi Petrina 
Published: April 2024

Faith-Based Investing, Stewardship, and Sustainability: A Comparative Analysis
This article discusses how faith-based investing addresses sustainability, focusing on Catholic, Church of England, and Islamic faith-based investing in the US, the UK and Malaysia, respectively, as illustrative examples. It posits that there are three dimensions to how these three institutional religions approach sustainability through faith-based investing, namely the underpinning religious values and principles, the legal and regulatory framework governing faith-based investing, and investment stewardship approaches. Section 2 provides an overview of sustainability and sustainable finance, situating faith-based investing within the universe of socially responsible investing and environmental, social and governance investing. Section 3 delves into sustainability and the values and organising principles underpinning Catholic, Church of England, and Islamic faith-based investing to highlight areas of conceptual alignment and their nexus to sustainability. Section 4 examines the legal and regulatory frameworks governing faith-based investing contrasting an extensive reliance on soft law in the US context with specifically tailored law and regulation for Islamic faith-based investing in Malaysia and considers its implications on the certification of faith-based investing as a central element. Section 5 compares the faith-based investment stewardship approaches in these jurisdictions to identify areas of convergence and divergence. Section 6 reflects on the broader opportunities which faith-based investing encounters in its development and the challenges it faces in advancing sustainability.
Begrijpelijker wetgeven met behulp van verschilmarkeringen
Authors: Vester L.J. 
Published: April 2024

Begrijpelijker wetgeven met behulp van verschilmarkeringen
In dit artikel wordt de wetgevingstechniek van wijzigen door middel van verschilmarkeringen beschreven. Daarbij wordt in het wijzigingsvoorstel zelf, dus niet in een begeleidend document daarbij, de beoogde tekst van de doelregeling getoond, met daarin aangebracht markeringen om aan te geven welke wijzigingen daarin zijn doorgevoerd ten opzichte van de bestaande tekst. Deze innovatieve ontwikkeling op het gebied van wetgevingstechniek heeft ingang gevonden bij gelegenheid van de ontwikkeling van de Omgevingswet. Hoewel deze techniek op dit moment alleen nog toegepast wordt in het domein van het omgevingsrecht, en op regelingen beneden het niveau van amvb, wordt in het artikel ingegaan op de vraag of deze zich ook leent voor andere vormen en domeinen van regelgeving.
Je doel niet voorbijschieten
Authors: Damen W.W.P. , Prins R.O. 
Published: April 2024

Je doel niet voorbijschieten. Lessen van Europeesrechtelijke jurisprudentie over evenredigheidstoetsen in het gegevensbeschermingsrecht voor de wetgevingspraktijk (uitspraken Digi, Norra Stockholm Bygg en SS SIA)
Het vinden van de juiste balans tussen het door wetgeving mogelijk maken van gegevensuitwisselingen en het waarborgen van de grondrechten op privacy en op gegevensbescherming is een hele uitdaging. Dit artikel zoomt in op een regel die een belangrijke rol speelt in die spanning, het beginsel van doelbinding en de uitzonderingen hierop van artikel 6, vierde lid, AVG. Het Hof van Justitie van de Europese Unie heeft verschillende uitspraken gedaan over dit juridisch kader, waarbij het specifiek aandacht heeft besteed aan de proportionaliteitstoets waar nationale regels aan moeten voldoen. Dit artikel analyseert deze uitspraken en contrasteert ze met eerdere uitspraken in het gegevensbeschermingsrecht.
Hoe communicabel is de wet?
Authors: Veltkamp B.M. , Lokin M.H.A.F. , de Kok D.R.P. 
Published: April 2024

Hoe communicabel is de wet? Interview met communicatiedeskundigen Harrie van Rooij en Ferry Piekart
Wetgevingsjuristen hebben hun eigen ideeën over de manier waarop zij hun regelgeving vormgeven en formuleren en hun doelgroep bereiken, en ook over wie precies die doelgroep is. In deze bijdrage komen twee communicatiedeskundigen, Ferry Piekart en Harrie van Rooij, aan het woord, die de wetgevingsjurist een spiegel voorhouden. Dat gebeurt niet met een klassiek RegelMaat-artikel, maar door middel van een interview. Zij benadrukken daarin het belang van duidelijk en toegankelijk schrijven, ook voor de wetgevingsjurist. De auteurs, die in de praktijk zelf met wetgeving bezig zijn, reflecteren daar vervolgens op.
Deskundigenadvies aan de Staatscommissie rechtsstaat
Authors: van Lochem P.J.P.M. 
Published: April 2024

Deskundigenadvies aan de Staatscommissie rechtsstaat. 35 brieven van experts
De Staatscommissie rechtsstaat heeft aan experts op het terrein van de rechtsstaat gevraagd haar een brief te schrijven. De meeste briefschrijvers beschouwen de affaire met de kinderopvangtoeslagen als bewijs voor het disfunctioneren van onze rechtsstaat. Maar over wat de affaire dan precies bewijst, blijken de experts zeer uiteenlopende opvattingen te hebben. Daarnaast blijkt de houding van de briefschrijvers ten opzichte van de rechtsstaat sterk te verschillen. In dit artikel worden drie rechtsstaatattituden onderscheiden, volgens welke de rechtsstaat aangepast, verdedigd of uitgebreid zou moeten worden. De experts kunnen daarmee worden onderscheiden in vernieuwers, gatekeepers en idealisten. De commissie zal vermoedelijk vooral tot de laatsten gerekend kunnen worden. Het is te hopen dat vernieuwing daarmee niet geheel buiten beeld blijft.
Recht zonder ziel: de verhouding tussen wetgeving en digitalisering
Authors: van Ommeren F.J. 
Published: April 2024

Recht zonder ziel: de verhouding tussen wetgeving en digitalisering
Deze bijdrage vertrekt bij de constatering van onder anderen Maxim Februari dat de tot in de haarvaten van de samenleving doordringende digitalisering tot ‘het einde van het recht’ leidt. De auteur betoogt dat dit doemdenken te ver gaat, maar dat digitalisering wel leidt tot wat we zouden kunnen noemen ‘de ontzieling van het recht’: het recht wordt steeds onpersoonlijker, de gemeenschap verdwijnt uit het rechtssysteem. Een van de oplossingsrichtingen is een sterkere brug te slaan tussen de werelden van wetgeving en digitale techniek, waarvoor recentelijk een methode is ontwikkeld. Een geheel andere oplossingsrichting is de constitutionalisering van bigtechbedrijven.
Ramsey’s growth model
Authors: Chuluunbaatar Ankhbayar 
Published: April 2024

The objective of this study is to utilize the Ramsey-Cass-Koopmans (RCK) model within a closed economy framework. We utilize a fundamental RCK model and incorporate the steady state condition of the dynamic model by employing matrix eigenvalues. The dynamic model analyzes the utilization of data from the period of 1995-2021, taking into account the production function and population growth. To maximize well-being, it is necessary for capital to be 3 times its current level, while the production amount should be increased by 1.6 times.
Рамсейн өсөлтийн загвар
Энэхүү судалгааны ажлаар хаалттай эдийн засаг дахь Ramsey-Cass-Koopmans (RCK) нарын загварыг ашиглахыг зорилоо. Бид RCK нарын үндсэн загварыг ашигласан ба нэмэлтээр матрицын хувийн утгуудыг ашиглан тогтвортой төлөвийн динамик загвар нь асимптот тогтвортой эсэхийг шалгах нөхцөлийг тусгасан. Тодорхойлсон динамик загварууд нь асимптот тогтвортой эсэхийг 1995-2021 оны статистикийн тоон мэдээлэл, үйлдвэрийн функц болон хүн амын өсөлтийн үнэлгээг ашиглан шалгасан. Шинжилгээний үр дүнд Монголын эдийн засгийн хувьд нийгмийн сайн сайхан байдалд хүргэх максимум хэрэглээг хангахын тулд капиталын хэмжээг 3 дахин, үйлдвэрлэлийн хэмжээг 1.6 дахин нэмэгдүүлэх шаардлагатай байна.
Түлхүүр үгс: Ханамжийг максимумчлах, Гамильтоны функц, тогтвортой төлөв, үйлдвэрлэлийн функцийн үнэлгээ, Жаковын матриц