bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An attempt to define allergen-specific molecular surface features: a bioinformatic approach
Authors: Furmonaviciene Ruta , Sutton Brian J. , Glaser Fabian , Laughton Charlie A. , Jones Nick , Sewell Herb F. , Shakib Farouk 
Published: October 2005

Abstract
Allergens are proteins that elicit T helper lymphocyte type 2 (Th2) responses culminating in IgE antibody production and allergic disease. However, we have no answer to the fundamental question of why certain proteins are allergens, while others are not. We hypothesized that analysis of the surface of diverse allergens may reveal common structural features which might enable them to be recognized as Th2-inducing antigens by cells of the innate immune system. We have therefore used the ConSurf server to search for allergen-specific motifs. This has enabled us to identify residue conservation patterns in the homologues of Ara t 8 (plant profilin), Act c 1 (actinidin), Bet v 1 (plant pathogenesis-related protein) and Ves v 5 (venom allergen). The results demonstrate the presence of allergen-specific patches consisting of an unusually high proportion of surface-exposed hydrophobic residues. The patches that have been identified may represent molecular patterns recognizable by cells of the innate immune system.
Contact: farouk.shakib@nottingham.ac.uk
Supplementary Information:
Improved approach for proteochemometrics modeling: application to organic compound—amine G protein-coupled receptor interactions
Authors: Lapinsh Maris , Prusis Peteris , Uhlén Staffan , Wikberg Jarl E. S. 
Published: October 2005

Abstract
Motivation: Proteochemometrics is a novel technology for the analysis of interactions of series of proteins with series of ligands. We have here customized it for analysis of large datasets and evaluated it for the modeling of the interaction of psychoactive organic amines with all the five known families of amine G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs).
Results: The model exploited data for the binding of 22 compounds to 31 amine GPCRs, correlating chemical descriptions and cross-descriptions of compounds and receptors to binding affinity using a novel strategy. A highly valid model (q 2 = 0.76) was obtained which was further validated by external predictions using data for 10 other entirely independent compounds, yielding the high q 2ext = 0.67. Interpretation of the model reveals molecular interactions that govern psychoactive organic amines overall affinity for amine GPCRs, as well as their selectivity for particular amine GPCRs. The new modeling procedure allows us to obtain fully interpretable proteochemometrics models using essentially unlimited number of ligand and protein descriptors.
Contact: jarl.wikberg@farmbio.uu.se
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
The phylogeny of Strepsiptera (Hexapoda)
Authors: Pohl Hans , Beutel Rolf Georg 
Published: October 2005

AbstractPrevious phylogenetic analyses of Strepsiptera have been limited to characters from only males or first instar larvae, and by poor taxonomic sampling. This investigation is the first cladistic analysis to use more than fourfold as many characters as any prior study, and a broader sampling of taxa. The analysis of 189 morphological characters of all stages of representatives of all extant strepsipteran families and characters of adult males of amber fossils results in the following branching pattern: (†Protoxenos+ (†Cretostylops + (†Mengea + (Mengenillidae + (Corioxenidae + (Bohartillidae + (Halictophagidae + (Elenchidae + (†Protelencholax + (Myrmecolacidae + (Callipharixenidae + (Xenidae + Stylopidae)))))))))))). The basal placement of the Baltic amber fossil †Protoxenos and the Burmese amber fossil †Cretostylops is well founded. Even though †Cretostylops is older than †Protoxenos it is almost certainly not the most basal strepsipteran group but the sister group of a clade comprising the Baltic amber fossil †Mengea + Strepsiptera s. str. (excl. stemlineage). Monophyly of Mengenillidae, Stylopidia, Stylopiformia s.l., Corioxenidae, Xenidae, and Stylopidae is confirmed. Mengenillidia is paraphyletic (with respect to †Mengea (Mengeidae)), Elenchidae (with respect to †Protelencholax) and the genus Stichotrema (with respect to the Baltic amber fossils). Thus Protelencholacidae fam. n. is described, and S. weitschati and S. triangulum are transferred to Palaeomyrmecolax. A ground plan of adult male Strepsiptera is provided and evolutionary interpretations are presented based on the obtained cladograms.© The Willi Hennig Society 2005.
Primary diffuse large B‐cell non‐Hodgkin lymphoma of the paranasal sinuses: a report of 14 cases
Authors: Oprea C. , Cainap C. , Azoulay R. , Assaf E. , Jabbour E. , Koscielny S. , Lapusan S. , Vanel D. , Bosq J. , Ribrag V. 
Published: October 2005

SummarySinonasal lymphoma (SL) is a rare form of extranodal lymphoma. Of 33 SL cases, 14 consecutive diffuse large B‐cell lymphomas were treated with CHOP (adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine and prednisone) or CHOP‐like chemotherapy regimen. Ten achieved complete remission (CR) and three achieved a partial remission. With a median follow‐up period of 80 months, seven patients relapsed or progressed [one case including central nervous system (CNS) progression]. Four of the relapses involved the CNS. Eight patients were alive, including seven in CR and six patients had died of their lymphoma. This observation strongly suggests that CNS prophylaxis should be used in SL.
A non‐accidental poisoning with ammonia in adolescence
Authors: Dilli D. , Bostancı İ. , Tıraş Ü. , Hatipoğlu N. , Dallar Y. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractIntroduction  Ammonia is an important chemical agent used in industry. Accidental inhalation of ammonia has resulted in upper airway and bronchoalveolar injury. If a large amount of ammonia is breathed, the agent can cause unconsciousness, shock and even death.Case  In this article, we report a case of non‐accidental poisoning in adolescence. The patient was a 14‐year‐old boy and working as an apprentice at a workshop of a jeweller. He had drunk some amount of diluted ammonia by the force of another, 18‐year‐old, male apprentice. This patient presented with ammonia intoxication symptoms culminating in coma.Conclusions  We reported this case as an unusual ammonia poisoning seen in adolescence.
Mum knows best? Psychological status in an oncology sample
Authors: Bruce S. , Rodgers J. , Firth M. , Freeston M. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractObjective  To examine the influence of age, gender and diagnosis upon agreement of children's psychological status between children with cancer and their parents.Methods  Total 51 families (49 mothers, 45 fathers and 51 children) completed the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Children's ages ranged from 11 to 16 years, with a mean age of 13.4 years. Eleven of the children had central nervous system (CNS) disease.Results  Age, gender and diagnosis did not impact upon level of agreement between parents and children. There were no significant differences between father/child and mother/child reports of children's psychological status.Conclusions  Both mothers and fathers are perceptive to their child's psychological status, and it is therefore satisfactory to consider their opinions about their children. Children in the age range 11–16 years are able to express their views with as much accuracy as parents irrespective of their gender and diagnosis and so should be included in assessment.
Treatment choices and experiences in attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder: relations to parents’ beliefs and attributions
Authors: Johnston C. , Seipp C. , Hommersen P. , Hoza B. , Fine S. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractBackground  Despite their potential to influence treatment decisions, parents’ beliefs and attitudes regarding attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have not been widely studied. This research examined relations between parents’ beliefs and attitudes and their experiences with different treatments for their children's ADHD.Methods  Canadian parents of 73, 5‐ to 13‐year‐old, boys with ADHD completed questionnaires measuring beliefs about ADHD, attributions for ADHD behaviours, and treatment experiences.Results  Parents reported using primarily behaviour management and stimulant medications in treating ADHD. Approximately half of the families also used diet/vitamin therapies. Parents were knowledgeable about ADHD and held generally accurate beliefs. They saw ADHD symptoms as predominantly internal to the child and as relatively enduring and pervasive. Parents’ beliefs were related to their use of different treatments and parents who used less empirically supported treatments were more likely to see ADHD behaviours as internal to the child, enduring and pervasive.Conclusions  The findings highlight the importance of assessing parents’ use of alternate treatments for ADHD and the potential role of parents’ beliefs and attributions in shaping treatment choices.
Locomotion and nightwaking
Authors: Scher A. , Cohen D. 
Published: October 2005

Abstractobjective  In this study we addressed the association between two major achievements of infancy: independent locomotion and ‘sleeping through the night’ .Methods  Mothers of 107 healthy infants aged between five and eight months completed a sleep questionnaire and a motor checklist.Results and Conclusions  Infants who were already crawling had more bedtime difficulties and nightwaking than did pre‐crawlers. Among 7‐ and 8‐month‐old infants, locomotion predicted 17% of nightwaking variance, after controlling for age and gender. In discussing the developmental implications of locomotion we suggest that crawling may not only ‘broaden the mind’ but also ‘cost’ sleep. More studies, across time, on how motor development and sleep–wake regulation interrelate are recommended.
Family‐centred service: moving ideas into practice
Authors: Law M. , Teplicky R. , King S. , King G. , Kertoy M. , Moning T. , Rosenbaum P. , Burke‐Gaffney J. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractBackground  With parents more involved in their child's day‐to‐day care, concepts of family‐centred service (FCS) are increasingly adopted in children's health and rehabilitation service organizations.Methods  In this paper, we report the results of a study to develop and evaluate educational materials for parents, service providers and health sciences students about FCS. The materials focus on the nature and philosophy of FCS, and the practical skills and systemic changes required for its implementation.Results  Thirty‐six participants (12 families, 12 service providers and 12 rehabilitation science students) were randomly assigned to receive one of the six FCS educational packages, each containing three FCS educational sheets. Participants’ ratings of the format and content, and the impact of the FCS Sheets were very high, with overall means above 5.0 on a 7‐point scale. Using a mixed model analysis, we found significant differences in participants’ ratings of familiarity with the materials (students were less familiar than service providers). After statistical adjustment for familiarity, there were no significant differences between the groups or the packages on ratings of format and content or impact.Conclusions  There were no significant differences in the way in which the participant groups rated the impact of the FCS Sheets and the specific packages did not have an effect on the participants’ ratings. The FCS educational materials, even those less familiar to participants, were rated highly on format and content, and impact. Results indicate that the material was perceived to be important to each group, and was formatted and written in a way that was easy to understand. This finding counters current recommendations in the knowledge transfer literature that suggest different versions should be written for different target groups.
Severe food‐allergic reactions in children across the UK and Ireland, 1998–2000
Authors: Reading Richard 
Published: October 2005

.

Colver A.F.,
Nevantaus H.,
Macdougall C.F.
Cant A.J.
(
2005
)

,
94
,
689
–
695
.
Aim  Medical and lay concerns about food allergy are increasing. Whilst food allergy may be becoming more common, fatal reactions to food in childhood are very rare and their rate is not changing. We sought to establish how common severe reactions are.Methods  Prospective survey, 1998–2000, of hospital admissions for food‐allergic reactions – conducted primarily through the British Paediatric Surveillance Unit, covering the 13 million children in the UK and Ireland.Results  A total of 229 cases reported by 176 physicians in 133 departments, yielding a rate of 0.89 hospital admissions per 100 000 children per year. Sixty‐five per cent were male, 41% were under 4 years and 60% started at home. Main allergens were peanut (21%), tree nuts (16%), cow's milk (10%) and egg (7%). Main symptoms were facial swelling (76%), urticaria (69%), respiratory (66%), shock (13%), gastrointestinal (4%). Fifty‐eight cases were severe. Three were fatal, six near fatal, and 8 of these 9 had asthma with wheeze being the life‐threatening symptom. Three near‐fatal cases received excess intravenous epinephrine. None of the non‐fatal reactions resulted in mental or physical impairment. Seven of 171 non‐severe and 6/58 severe cases might have had a worse outcome if epinephrine auto‐injectors had been unavailable. Six of the severe cases might have benefited if auto‐injectors had been more widely prescribed.Conclusion  In the UK and Ireland, the incidence of severe reactions is low. The study highlights that: (1) asthma is a strongly significant risk factor for a severe reaction and therefore warrants optimal management; (2) severe wheeze is a prominent feature of severe reactions and warrants optimal management; and (3) intravenous epinephrine should be used with great care if needed. Epinephrine auto‐injectors do not always prevent death, but our study design and data do not allow a definite statement about whether overall they are beneficial.
Parent reported home smoking bans and toddler (18–30 month) smoke exposure: a cross‐sectional survey
Authors: Reading Richard 
Published: October 2005

.

Spencer N.,
Blackburn C.,
Bonas S.,
Coe C.,
Dolan A.
(
2005
)

,
90
,
670
–
674
.
Aims  To study the relation between the use of parent reported home smoking bans and smoke exposure among children aged 18–30 months.Methods  A total of 309 smoking households with children aged 18–30 months, who were part of the Coventry Cohort study, consented to participate in this cross‐sectional survey.Results  Although parents in almost 88% of smoking households reported using harm reduction strategies to protect their toddlers from smoke exposure, only 13.9% reported smoking bans in the house. Mean log urinary cotinine : creatinine ratio was significantly lower for those children whose parents reported no smoking in the house (1.11, 95% CI 0.64–1.49) compared with none/less strict strategies (1.87, 95% CI 1.64–2.10). In linear regression models fitted on log cotinine : creatinine ratio, no smoking in the house was independently associated with a significant reduction in cotinine : creatinine ratio (B = −0.55, 95% CI −0.89 to −0.20) after adjusting for mother's and partner's average daily cigarette consumption, housing tenure, and overcrowding. The final model accounted for 44.3% of the variance.Conclusions  Not smoking in the house was associated with a reduction in mean urinary cotinine : creatinine ratio in children aged 18–30 months; the relation persisted after adjustment for levels of mother's and partner's daily cigarette consumption and socio‐demographic factors. Results suggest that home smoking bans in this age group have a small but significant effect on smoke exposure independent of levels of parental tobacco consumption.
klavier (klv), A novel hypernodulation mutant of Lotus japonicus affected in vascular tissue organization and floral induction
Authors: Oka‐Kira Erika , Tateno Kumiko , Miura Kin‐ichiro , Haga Tatsuya , Hayashi Masaki , Harada Kyuya , Sato Shusei , Tabata Satoshi , Shikazono Naoya , Tanaka Atsushi , Watanabe Yuichiro , Fukuhara Izumi , Nagata Toshiyuki , Kawaguchi Masayoshi 
Published: October 2005

SummaryA novel hypernodulation mutant line was isolated from Lotus japonicus Miyakojima MG‐20 by irradiation with a helium ion beam. This mutant, named klavier (klv), had roots that were densely covered with small nodules. The nodulation zone of klv was significantly wider than that of the wild type. Grafting experiments showed that klv is impaired in the long‐distance shoot‐to‐root autoregulatory mechanism. Thus the shoot genotype was found to be responsible for the negative regulation of nodule development by KLV. Nodulation of klv showed a higher tolerance to nitrogen (KNO3) than the wild type, which is a common feature of hypernodulating mutants. In addition to an increased number of nodules, the klv mutant showed convex leaf veins on the adaxial leaf surface, markedly delayed flowering and dwarf phenotypes. Microscopic examination of the leaf veins revealed that they were discontinuous. Other phenotypes such as fasciated stems, increased number of flowers and bifurcated pistils were also frequently observed in the klv mutant. Among these phenotypes, hypernodulation, aberrant leaf vein formation and significantly delayed flowering were all linked in a monogenic and recessive manner, indicating that these phenotypes are caused by either a single mutation, or tightly linked mutations. KLV was mapped within 0.29 cM on the long arm of chromosome 1.
Tissue‐specific localization of gibberellins and expression of gibberellin‐biosynthetic and signaling genes in wood‐forming tissues in aspen
Authors: Israelsson Maria , Sundberg Björn , Moritz Thomas 
Published: October 2005

SummaryBioactive gibberellins (GAs) are known regulators of shoot growth and development in plants. In an attempt to identify where GAs are formed, we have analyzed the expression patterns of six GA biosynthesis genes and two genes with predicted roles in GA signaling and responses in relation to measured levels of GAs. The analysis was based on tangential sections, giving tissue‐specific resolution across the cambial region of aspen trees (Populus tremula). Gibberellin quantification by GC/MS‐SRM showed that the bioactive GA1 and GA4 were predominantly located in the zone of expansion of xylem cells. Based on co‐localization of the expression of the late GA biosynthesis gene GA 20‐oxidase 1 and bioactive GAs, we suggest that de novo GA biosynthesis occurs in the expanding xylem. However, expression levels of the first committed GA biosynthesis enzyme, ent‐copalyl diphosphate synthase, were high in the phloem, suggesting that a GA precursor(s) may be transported to the xylem. The expression of the GA signaling and response genes DELLA‐like1 and GIP‐like1 coincided well with sites of high bioactive GA levels. We therefore suggest that the main role of GA during wood formation is to regulate early stages of xylem differentiation, including cell elongation.
In vivo interaction between serotonin and galanin receptors types 1 and 2 in the dorsal raphe: implication for limbic seizures
Authors: Mazarati Andrey M. , Baldwin Roger A. , Shinmei Steve , Sankar Raman 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThe neuropeptide galanin suppresses seizure activity in the hippocampus by inhibiting glutamatergic neurotransmission. Galanin may also modulate limbic seizures through interaction with other neurotransmitters in neuronal populations that project to the hippocampus. We examined the role of galanin receptors types 1 and 2 in the dorsal raphe (DR) in the regulation of serotonergic transmission and limbic seizures. Infusion of a mixed agonist of galanin receptors types 1 and 2 [galanin (1–29)] into the DR augmented the severity of limbic seizures in both rats and wild‐type mice and concurrently reduced serotonin concentration in the DR and hippocampus as measured by immunofluorescence or HPLC. In contrast, injection of the galanin receptor type 2 agonist galanin (2–11) mitigated the severity of seizures in both species and increased serotonin concentration in both areas. Injection of both galanin fragments into the DR of galanin receptor type 1 knockout mice exerted anticonvulsant effects. Both the proconvulsant activity of galanin (1–29) and seizure suppression by galanin (2–11) were abolished in serotonin‐depleted animals. Our data indicate that, in the DR, galanin receptors types 1 and 2 modulate serotonergic transmission in a negative and a positive fashion, respectively, and that these effects translate into either facilitation or inhibition of limbic seizures.
A structural metamorphic study of the Broken Hill Block, NSW, Australia
Authors: FORBES C. J. , BETTS P. G. , WEINBERG R. , BUICK I. S. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThe prograde pressure–temperature (P–T) path for the complexly polydeformed Proterozoic Broken Hill Block (Australia) has been reconstructed through detailed structural analysis in conjunction with calculation of compositionally specific P–T pseudosections of pelitic rock units within a high‐temperature shear zone that formed early in the tectonic evolution of the terrane. Whilst the overall P–T path for the Broken Hill Block has been interpreted to be anticlockwise, the prograde portion of this path has been unresolved. Our results have constrained part of this prograde path, showing an early heating event (M1) at P–T conditions of at least c. 600 °C and c. 2.8–4.2 kbar, associated with an elevated geothermal gradient (c. 41–61 °C km−1). This event is interpreted to be the result of rifting at c. 1.69–1.67 Ga, or at c. 1.64–1.61 in the Broken Hill Block. Early rifting was followed by an episode of lithospheric thermal relaxation and burial, during which time sag‐phase sediments of the upper Broken Hill stratigraphy (Paragon Group) were deposited. Following sedimentation, a second tectonothermal event (M2/D2) occurred. This event is associated with peak low‐pressure granulite facies metamorphism (c. 1.6 Ga) and attained conditions of at least 740 °C at c. 5 kbar. A regionally pervasive, high‐temperature fabric (S2) developed during the M2/D2 event, and deformation was accommodated along lithology‐parallel, high‐temperature shear zones. The larger‐scale deformation regime (extensional or shortening) of this event remains unresolved. The M2/D2 event was terminated by intense crustal shortening during the Olarian Orogeny, during which time the first mappable folds within the Broken Hill Block developed.