bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neuro-axonal recruitment: A result of selective compression
Authors: Lehnhardt Ernst 
Published: November 2007

AbstractMany acoustic neurinomas and CPA tumours present an audiometric picture of positive-recruitment hearing impairment although often the CMs are not significantly impaired (according to ECochG) and because, even in the case of a small acoustic neuroma, the interpeak latency between wave I and V (ERA) is increased in the majority of cases. Recruitment cannot be explained, in these cases, as an expression of an accompanying vascular inner ear lesion. Therefore, we attempt to interpret the differential audiometric picture to the various patterns of damage of the auditory nerve. The finding of tone decay is seen as an expression of myelin damage corresponding to the hearing loss in multiple sclerosis.The absence of any degree of tone decay excludes an isolated damage of the myelin sheaths; hearing loss then results from a disturbance also of the associated axons. At such a stage, where there is a functional loss to part of the neural fibres but with intact myelinated residual fibres, the result could be the phenomenon of recruitment for suprathreshold stimulation. This theory of selective compression is compared to an isolated efferent lesion theory as the cause for recruitment in AN and CPA tumours.
Stapes surgery: implications for training
Authors: Moriarty B. G. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe worldwide decline in surgery for otosclerosis had been reflected by a similar pattern here in Great Britain. Unless we are prepared to accept poorer results than have formerly been achieved, we will have to adopt measures to ensure that the skills of stapes surgery are transferred to the next generation of surgeons. Using the results of our experience, at the Queen Elizabeth Hospital, over the past 18 years, I have examined the implications for surgical training and for the management of future patients with otosclerosis.
Inferior turbinectomy: Comparison of four techniques
Authors: Elwany Samy , Harrison Robert 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAs yet, there is no totally satisfactory means for treating hypertrophied turbinates and the proper management of turbinate dysfunction remains in question. In the present series, four of the widely practiced surgical procedures for the reduction of the size of the inferior turbinates were evaluated and compared. In all cases turbinectomy was performed as an isolated procedure. Eighty patients with chronic non-allergic rhinitis and hypertrophied inferior turbinates were selected, randomly divided into four groups, and followed up post-operatively for one year. Study of the results indicated that the beneficial effect of the operation is mainly mechanical by reduction of the resistance to nasal airflow. The post-operative improvement in smell acuity correlated positively with the increased patency of the nasal airway. None of the procedures had a deleterious effect on olfactory acuity. In contrast, the operation failed to enhance the mucociliary clearance rate or significantly decrease nasal drainage. Partial inferior turbinectomy and laser turbinectomy improved nasal breathing in 77 per cent of patients, and enhanced olfactory acuity in 78 per cent of patients who had pre-operative hyposmia. The results of turbinoplasty and cryoturbinectomy were less favourable. The surgical technique, advantages, and drawbacks of each of these procedures are discussed.
Premalignant changes in nasal and sinus polyps: a retrospective 10 year study (1979–1988)
Authors: de la Cruzc Mera A. , Sánchez López M. J. , Royo E. Merino , Requena L. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractOne hundred and seventy cases of nasal and/or sinus polyps diagnosed in the Pathology Service of the Hospital Militar Central GOMEZ/ULLA of Madrid (Spain) between 1.9.79 and 1.9.88 are reviewed. In two cases areas of ‘carcinoma in situ’ in the epithelium covering the polyps were demonstrated. The literature is reviewed for reports of malignant transformation and dysplastic changes in nasal and sinusal polyps. We suggest that precancerous changes may ocassionally be noted in inflammatory lesions, a fact that pathologists should keep in mind.
Duro-cutaneous fistula caused by a ‘congenital’ cholesteatoma
Authors: Viani L. , McCormick M. S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA cervical fistula from a ‘congenital’ cholesteatoma is described in a 70-year-old man. This was found to communicate with an extradural temporal lobe abscess. The presentation and management is described. No previous report of such a case has been found in a review of the literature.
Tuberculosis of the upper respiratory tract misdiagnosed as Wegener's granulomatosis—an important distinction
Authors: Couldery A. D. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractFour cases, two personal, of mis-diagnosis of tuberculosis of the upper respiratory tract as Wegener's granulomatosis have been presented. Greater awareness of this possibility of mis-diagnosis may diminish the possibility of mistreatment. It is suggested that fresh specimens should be sent for bacteriological examination and culture in all relevant upper respiratory tract lesions.
Rare cavernous haemangioma of the hypopharynx with numerous phleboliths
Authors: Li Xue 
Published: November 2007

AbstractCavernous haemangiomata occur quite commonly, but one situated in the hypopharynx which contains as many as 240 phleboliths, as reported here, is a rare curiosity. The clinical manifestations, angiographic findings and the operative procedure of this case are described with a brief review of the formation of phleboliths in cavernous haemangiomas.
Tracheostomy—The horizontal tracheal incision
Authors: Kato I. , Uesugi K. , Kikuchihara M. , Iwasawa H. , Iida J. , Tsutsumi K. , Iwatake H. , Takeyama I. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe complication rate after emergency tracheostomy is two to five times greater than after elective procedures. One of the main causes of the high risk of complications in emergency tracheostomy appears to be the amount of time required to open the trachea. Therefore, simple and fast procedures are mandatory. We have developed a new procedure as follows: A horizontal skin incision is performed. Strap muscles are dissected and retracted laterally. A transverse cut between tracheal rings below the thyroid isthmus is performed up to membranous portion of the trachea. The cut ends of the trachea remain open naturally because of the elasticity of the trachea. Skin and tracheal cut-ends are then joined by interrupted sutures.We have used this procedure during the past three years and have not experienced any major complications. This demonstrates the clear advantage and the more physiological nature of the procedure over various other incisions of the tracheal wall.
Renal carcinoma metastasis to the parotid gland
Authors: Pisani P. , Angeli G. , Krengli M. , Pia F. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractMetastatic tumours in major salivary glands are uncommon with a higher incidence of primary sites from the head and neck. The lungs and breast are the common primary sites, while metastases from the kidney are very rarely found. The authors describe a case of renal clear-cell carcinoma with metastastis to the parotid gland. The incidence of a metastasis in the parotid gland from a primary renal carcinoma, even if rare, should not be overlooked in making a correct differential diagnosis with acinic cell carcinoma and monomorphic clear cell adenoma.
Reliability of conventional ear swabs in tubotympanic CSOM
Authors: Raju K. G. S. , Unnykrishnan P. , Nayar R. C. , Dutt S. , Macaden R. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractConventional external ear swab cultures were compared with cultures obtained from the middle ear, in 25 cases of tubotympanic type (‘safe’), chronic suppurative otitis media. These cultures were identical in 22 of the 25 cases.Anaerobic organisms were isolated in only one case. Mixed infections of both gram-positive and gramnegative organisms were seen in nine cases (36 per cent).Staphylococcus aureus was the commonest single agent isolated (16 cases). Multidrug resistance was seen in 12 of these isolates.
Pott's puffy tumour reviewed
Authors: Blackshaw Gareth , Thomson Neil 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to highlight Potts puffy tumour as a pathological entity distinct from other causes of peri- and supraorbital swelling. This uncommon condition is usuallynot recognised initially and is easily confused with neoplasms or local eye pathology. A case is reported and investigations and management reviewed.
Long-term results of revision endolymphatic sac surgery
Authors: Morrison G. A. J. , O'reilly B. J. , Chevretton E. B. , Kenyon G. S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe results of revision endolymphatic sac surgery on 30 patients with unilateral Meniére's disease are presented. Good control is achieved in 73.3 per cent of cases at six months, falling to 56.7 per cent at one year and only 33.3 per cent by four years. The long-term results are disappointing but are more favourable if the initial surgery was successful, if the hearing remains fluctuant and improves on glycerol dehydration prior to the revision procedure and also if the sac is intubated. The current place of endolymphatic sac surgery is discussed and revision surgery only recommended for carefully selected cases.
A ‘silent’ intracranial complication of frontal sinusitis
Authors: Daya S. , To S. S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIntracranial complications of frontal sinusitis, although rare today, do still develop despite widespread use of antibiotics. We report a case which demonstrates how silently a frontal lobe abscess may present with subtle changes in mood and behaviour, with no focal neurological signs. Diagnosis and management are discussed and a brief review of the incidence of intracranial complications of frontal sinusitis, mode of spread, clinical presentation, investigations, treatment and bacteriology is presented.
Effect of mircowave and ionizing radiation in patients with recurrent laryngeal carcinoma
Authors: Svetitsky P. V. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThis study describes the treatment and survival of 54 patients with gross recurrent laryngeal carcinoma after radiotherapy. Twenty-six patients were treated with local ultra-high frequency hyperthermia in combination with radiotherapy and chemotherapy (HRCH). Twenty-eight control patients were treated with radiotherapy and chemotherapy (RCh). Eight patients (33 per cent) in HRCh showed a three year survival but no patient in the RCh group. At two years 18 patients (75 per cent) in HRCh and two (7 per cent) in RCh survived.
Tumefactive fibroinflammatory lesions of the head and neck
Authors: Prichard A. J. N. , Colloby P. , Barton R. P. E. , Heaton J. M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe term ‘tumefactive fibroinflammatory lesion’ has been usedto describe a fibrosclerosing disorder which has a locally destructive nature but is characterized by a benign histological appearance. We report five patients, over a five year period, with such a lesion.The clinical behaviour and surgical findings suggest the lesion to be an invasive malignancy. However, the histological appearance of an admixtureof chronic inflammatory cells and fibrosis is consistent with a benign condition.We recommend surgical excision of the lesion as the mainstay of treatment; other studies report the use of steroids and radiotherapy.
Osteoma of the middle ear
Authors: Ito S. , Tanaka H. , Hirano M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractOsteomas involving the middle ear and causing a functional disturbance are rare. We report a case of a patient with an osteoma arising from the lateral semicircular canal. The main symptom was vertigo and to halt this the defect of the canal was obliterated with a bone chip and fibrin glue after removal of the tumour.
Patrick Watson-Williams and the concept of focal sepsis in the sinuses: An historical caveat for functional endoscopic sinus surgery
Authors: Fairley James W. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractFrom 1900 to 1940 the theory of focal sepsis was invoked to justify a number of dubious surgical procedures. Surgeons believed they were acting rationally. Patrick Watson-Williams advocated suction exploration of the paranasal sinuses for mental patients, claiming to cure criminal insanity by sphenoidotomy. Favourable contemporary reviews showed international approval. The rational basis of treatment was emphasised, but there was little systematic evaluation of outcome. Current enthusiasm for functional endoscopic sinus surgery is also based on a rational approach, logical deductions from pathophysiological ‘facts’. Outcome has still not been evaluated scientifically. We should learn from history. Treatment should not be based too readily on what seems to be rational now. Ideas of physiology and pathology change. What seems logical today may appear ridiculous tomorrow. Careful analysis of outcome, preferably by controlled clinical trials, is needed as a rational treatment requires empirical validation just as much as any other.
Recurrence of oropharyngeal carcinoma after radiotherapy
Authors: Viani Laura , Dammeijer Patrick , Jones A. S. , Dalby J. E. , Stell P. M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTwo-hundred-and-twenty-one patients with squamous carcinoma of the oropharynx treated by irradiation are presented.The primary recurrence rate at five years in the previously untreated patients was 27%, but was dictated by neither host factors (age, sex and general condition) nor tumour factors (site, T-stage and histological grade).Pre-operative histological diagnosis had a very high sensitivity but a low specificity, indicating that false positives are common but false negatives unusual. Twenty per cent of patients with a recurrent primary tumour were untreatable.The five year survival after a primary recurrence was 31 per cent. Sixty-eight per cent of patients undergoing major surgery recovered without a major complication, and the hospital mortality rate was three per cent, due entirely to major medical catastrophes. The major complication rate in those undergoing flap repair after major resection was seven percent.The metastatic rate in lymph nodes was 44 per cent at five years, and again this did not depend on any host or tumour factors. The survival at five years after node recurrence was a mere 19 per cent, and the length of survival was related to the primary site of the original tumour and the presence of extranodal disease. Two-thirds of patients had advanced disease (N2 and N3) when node recurrence was diagnosed and about 15 percent were unsuitable for surgery.
Modifying the translabyrinthine approach to preserve hearing during acoustic tumour surgery
Authors: McElveen John T. , Wilkins Robert H. , Erwin Andrea C. , Wolford Robert D. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractRemoving an acoustic schwannoma using the translabyrinthine approach has previously been considered incompatible with hearing preservation. By modifying the approach and preventing the loss of endolymph, we have successfully removed an intracanalicular acoustic schwannoma, which originated from the inferior vestibular nerve, and preserved hearing in the operated ear. This report represents the preliminary findings using this particular technique in the management of an intracanalicular acoustic tumour.
Unusual presentation of squamous cell carcinoma of the middle ear and mastoid
Authors: Ajulo S. O. , Khambata A. S. , Pushpala S. M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAn unusual case of squamous cell carcinoma of the middle ear and mastoid in which syncope was a major presenting feature is reported. No such case has been reported in the literature. A possible explanation is offered.
Leiomyosarcoma of the larynx: emergency laryngectomy
Authors: Tewary A. K. , Pahor A. L. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractLeiomyosarcoma of the larynx is extremely rare. A patient with respiratory obstruction due to such a tumour is presented. This was originally misdiagnosed as hysteria. The treatment of choice was an emergency laryngectomy.
Unusual cause of intranasal injury
Authors: Soussi A. C. , O'Flynn P. , McFarlane H. W. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIntranasal injury without external involvement is not common. To our knowledge this is the first reported case of such an injury, caused by an assailant's two fingers forced up the nostrils of our patient causing severe mucosal laceration and excessive bleeding.The patient died two weeks later.
Histology of aural polyp as a predictor of middle ear disease activity
Authors: Hussain S. S. M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThis study compares the histology of aural polyp with the subsequent clinical course of the middle ear disease. AH cases of aural polyps that presented to the department during 1988 and 1989 were included. Patients who had previous ear surgery were excluded as were cases where the operation was part of clearance of known cholesteatoma rather than polypectomy alone.We found that the histology of the aural polyp was not a precise predictor of the presence or absence of cholesteatoma, nor of the subsequent course of the middle ear disease.
Human papilloma virus and carcinoma of the laryngopharynx
Authors: Morgan D. W. , Abdullah V. , Quiney R. , Myint S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) genomes 6, 11, 16 and 33 in 16 patients with laryngopharyngeal carcinomas was examined by means of a polymerase chain reaction. HPV genomes were detected in 75 per cent of cases. In hypopharyngeal carcinoma, HPV 6 and 11 were present in adjacent tissue but absent from the tumour. HPV 16 and 33 were present in 40 per cent of laryngeal tumours and adjacent tissue. These results suggest that HPV 16 and 33 may be closely associated with the development of some laryngopharyngeal carcinomas.
Blood transfusion and survival after laryngectomy for laryngeal carcinoma
Authors: Ell Stephen R. , Stell P. M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractSurvival of patients with surgically treated malignancy may be adversely affected by blood transfusion. Immune suppression due to transfusion has been implicated but remains unproven. We conducted a study of 240 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx undergoing laryngectomy to assess the effect of per-operative blood transfusion on survival.
Prophylaxis of nasolacrimal duct obstruction after major sinus surgery using a silicone stent
Authors: Fisher Edward W. , Clarke Peter M. , Cheesman Anthony D. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractDamage to the nasolacrimal duct during major sinus procedures results in troublesome symptoms of epiphora and acute infection. Prophylactic stenting of the lacrimal apparatus using a silicone stent is described as a means of preventing such complications.
Serum antibodies against respiratory tract viruses in episodes of acute otitis media
Authors: Harsten Göran , Prellner Karin , Löfgren Bengt , Kalm Olof 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAlthough the findings of epidemiological studies have suggested viral respiratory tract infection (RTI) to be crucially involved in the development of acute otitis media (AOM), the relationship between AOM and viral RTI remains unclear. Serum samples, obtained in the acute and convalescent phases of 57 AOM episodes (in 35 children during the first three years of life) were analysed for IgG antibodies against influenza A viruses, influenza B viruses, parainfluenza virus type 1, respiratory syncytial virus and adenoviruses.One third of the AOM episodes (18/57) could be related to viral RTI, as evidenced by significant increases in viral serum antibody activity. Treatment failure occurred in four AOM episodes where increases in serum viral antibody activity were noted. In three of these failures, antibiotic treatment was unsuccessful despite the bacterial strains not being resistant to the drug used. This suggests that concomitant viral infection may be a determinant of treatment outcome in some AOM episodes.
Familial multicentric paragangliomas in a child
Authors: Ophir Dov 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA 12-year-old girl presented with bilateral carotid-body paragangliomas and a unilateral jugular paraganglioma. The tumours were surgically removed. This is a rare combination of tumours in any patient and previously unreported in a child of this age. Her father died of a cerebellar astrocytoma and her mother underwent surgical removal of a large mediastinal paraganglioma. The association of astrocytoma with familial paragangliomas has never been documented. The literature on the epidemiology and inheritance pattern of familial paragangliomas is reviewed. The need for thorough pre-operative evaluation of the patient and close follow-up of family members is stressed.
Life-threatening cervico-mediastinal haematoma after carotid sinus massage
Authors: Tomás Manuel D. , Torres Alberto , García-Polo Julio , Gavilán César 
Published: November 2007

AbstractRetropharyngeal and cervico-mediastinal haematomas are rare but potentially fatal entities. The potential for airway compression necessitates rapid assessment and treatment.A cervico-mediastinal haematoma following carotid sinus massage which required cervical drainage is presented. This is a life-threatening event demanding a high index of suspicion. A review of the literature and indications for treatment are discussed.
Venous haemangioma of the neck and mediastinum
Authors: Nishimura Toshiro , Takimoto Toru , Ishikawa Shigeru , Ohmura Kenji 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA case of cervico-mediastinal venous haemangioma with diffuse upper respiratory airway involvement is reported. The lesion was considered to be an ordinary supraglottic haemangioma at first. We recommend that adult cases of laryngeal haemangioma should be carefully examined for extra-laryngeal lesions.
Treatment of chronic mastoiditis by grafting of mastoid cavities with autologous epithelial layers generated by in vitro culture of buccal epithelium
Authors: Premachandra D. J. , Woodward B. , Milton C. M. , Sergeant R. J. , Fabre J. W. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAutologous cultured epithelial layers were established from biopsies from the mucosa of the cheek, a nonkeratinizing region of the oral cavity. These were grafted to the unepithelialized mastoid cavities of nine patients with chronic mastoiditis and severe otorrhoea varying from two to 30 years' duration. All procedures were performed on an out-patient basis, with no anaesthesia except for topical anaesthesia for the mucosal biopsy. In seven of the patients the grafts took well, with complete resolution of the otorrhoea for a minimum follow-up period of eight months. In one patient there was a partial take of the graft with substantial improvement in the rate of discharge. The mastoid cavities of two patients were biopsied five months after grafting, and demonstrated a stratified squamous epithelium, with keratinization of the epithelium clearly evident.
Emergency laryngectomy
Authors: McCombe Andrew , Stell P. M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractFrom 1974 to 1990, 31 patients underwent emergency laryngectomy for airway obstruction due to laryngeal carcinoma, in aneffort to avoid the complication of stomal recurrence. This group of patients had a greater proportion of multiregional tumours (35 per cent vs 13 per cent) than a comparison group of elective laryngectomies. In other respects the two groups were similar.Early post-operative mortality (6.5 per cent vs 3 per cent), stomal recurrence rates (4.2 per cent vs 4.8 per cent) and survival (53 per cent vs 55 per cent) were not significantly different between the emergency laryngectomy group and the comparison group undergoing elective laryngectomy.
Aberrant central venous catheter complicating radical neck dissection
Authors: Camilleri A. E. , Davies F. W. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAbnormal migration of central venous catheters is especially common in the case of long lines inserted via the antecubital fossa. A case is described of internal jugular vein migration of a central venous catheter complicating an ipsilateral radical neck dissection.