bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Population of Rh123dim human keratinocytes form holoclones
Authors: Drukala Justyna , Majka Marcin , Kwarciak Agnieszka , Puchala Jacek , Ratajczak Mariusz 
Published: March 2009

Abstract
The aim of our studies was to develop an efficient strategy to isolate human early epidermal progenitors for experimental and potential clinical purposes. We employed fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) to isolate cells that poorly accumulate metabolic Rhodamin123 (Rh123) dye. We noticed that similarly to a population of β1-integrin bright (β1bright) cells, a population of Rh123 dull (Rh123dim) cells is highly enriched for cells growing holoclones, colonies composed of the most primitive keratinocytes. Furthermore, Rh123dim cells express several morphological features of primitive undifferentiated cells and are also highly motile. We postulate that these cells could become an important source of epidermal progenitors to expand keratinocytes for clinical purposes.
The Middle Eocene flora of Csordakút (N Hungary)
Authors: Erdei Boglárka , Rákosi László 
Published: March 2009

The Middle Eocene flora of Csordakút (N Hungary)The Middle Eocene fossil plant assemblage from Csordakút (N Hungary) comprises plant remains preserved exclusively as impressions. Algae are represented by abundant remains of Characeae, including both vegetative fragments and gyrogonites. Remains of angiosperms comprise Lauraceae (Daphnogenesp.), Fagaceae (cf.Eotrigonobalanus furcinervis), Ulmaceae (Cedrelospermumdiv. sp.), Myricaceae (Myricasp.,Comptoniadiv. sp.), Leguminosae (leaves and fruit), Rhamnaceae (?Zizyphus zizyphoides), Elaeocarpaceae (Sloanea nimrodi, Sloaneasp. fruit), Smilacaceae (Smilaxdiv. sp.). The absence of gymnosperms is indicative of a floristic similarity to the coeval floras of Tatabánya (N Hungary) and Girbou in Romania.Sloanea nimrodi(Ettingshausen) Kvaček & Hably, a new element for the Hungarian fossil record indicates a floristic relation to the Late Eocene flora of Kučlin (Bohemia).
Climbing behaviour and aphid predation byAgonum muelleri(Coleoptera: Carabidae)
Authors: Hannam Joshua J. , Liebherr James K. , Hajek Ann E. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractField-collectedAgonum muelleri(Herbst) adults were videotaped to assess their ability to climb soybean (Glycine max(L.) Merr. (Fabaceae)) plants. All individuals climbed up and down soybean plants multiple times.Agonum muellerispent from 12.5 ± 3.4% to 54.1 ± 11.3% of their time on soybean plants. CagedA. muelleriadults on plants infested with soybean aphids,Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae), reduced the number of apterous adults. The presence of predators had an indirect effect on the density of nymphal aphids by reducing the numbers of adult aphids.Agonum muelleri, an abundant carabid in soybean fields, readily climbs soybean plants to feed on soybean aphids.
Expert testimony in child sexual abuse cases: The effects of evidence, coherence and credentials on juror decision making
Authors: Klettke Bianca , Graesser Arthur C. , Powell Martine B. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractPsychological experts have been used increasingly to testify in child sexual abuse cases, yet little research has investigated what specific factors make experts effective. This study examined the potential effects that credentials, evidence strength and coherence may have on juror decision making. Sixty‐four mock jurors read cases of child sexual abuse, followed by experts' testimony and rated guilt of the defendant, effectiveness of the expert testimony and credibility of the victim. Evidence strength and coherence of the testimony affected all dependent variables, and the interaction was significant. Guilt ratings of the defendant were lower and the victim was rated as less credible when both evidence strength and coherence were low. The credentials of the expert, however, had negligible impact. These findings indicate that experts can be effective and impact jurors when testimony is either high in coherence or high in evidence. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Unusual Lattice‐Magnetism Connections in MnBi Nanorods
Authors: Kang Kyongha , Yoon Won‐Sub , Park Sangmoon , Moodenbaugh Arnold R. , Lewis Laura H. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractLattice parameter, particle size, and thermal expansion results obtained from high‐temperature synchrotron transmission X‐ray diffraction are reported for magnetostructual NiAs‐type MnBi nanorods embedded in a Bi matrix. The structural data are consistent with elevated‐temperature magnetic measurements that indicate a first‐order nanorod Curie transition at 520 K, significantly depressed from the bulk MnBi Curie temperature of 633 K. The data suggest that the unit cell volume dependence of the magnetic behavior—also known as the volume exchange striction—of the MnBi compound is the determining factor underlying this phenomenon. The results imply that materials with magnetostructural transitions of technological interest may be altered by strain effects to tailor the interatomic distances towards the critical transition values.
Engineering LacI for Self‐Assembly of Inorganic Nanoparticles on DNA Scaffold through the Understanding of LacI Binding to Solid Surfaces
Authors: Chen Haibin , Su Xiaodi , Neoh Koon‐Gee , Choe Woo‐Seok 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe potential of utilizing the DNA binding protein lac repressor (LacI) to organize inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) is explored in this study. A peptide cognitive of both SiO2 and TiO2 simultaneously (STB1, ‐CHKKPSKSC‐) is genetically engineered into the C‐terminus of LacI to give LacI‐STB1, and the inserted STB1 peptides in the context of LacI‐STB1 molecules are shown to actively interact with both SiO2 and TiO2. Wild‐type LacI is found to interact with the two surfaces at its flexible N‐terminal DNA binding domain, and LacI‐STB1 exhibits much stronger binding affinity to both surfaces by harnessing a second binding region (STB1 peptide) fused at its C‐terminus. The quantitative analysis of binding kinetics reveals that, compared to wild‐type LacI with one binding region (N‐terminus), two remote binding regions (N‐terminus and C‐terminus) in LacI‐STB1 do not lead to faster adsorption rates to the two surfaces, but remarkably slow down the desorption rates. Finally, using LacI‐STB1 as a linker, the successful assembly of a sandwich nanostructure of DNA/LacI‐STB1/TiO2 NPs is demonstrated using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) measurements and TEM. The demonstrated LacI‐STB1‐mediated assembly of TiO2 NPs on DNA scaffold may provide a generic platform for controlled spatial arrangement of various nanoparticles of engineering interest.
The Role of Processing in the Fabrication and Optimization of Plastic Solar Cells
Authors: Peet Jeffrey , Senatore Michelle L. , Heeger Alan J. , Bazan Guillermo C. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe development of high‐efficiency plastic solar cells is rapidly accelerating as the need for economically viable alternative energy sources becomes evident. Polymer‐based bulk‐heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells are attractive in that they can be coated from solution onto flexible substrates by a variety of techniques and thus inexpensive large‐volume manufacturing should be possible. Further, the inherent flexibility of the polymeric materials combined with thin photovoltaic active layers results in devices that can be adapted to a variety of unique aesthetics and form factors. Recent advances in key relationships between thin‐film casting methods, bulk‐heterojunction morphology, and device performance have occurred in tandem with the synthesis of novel polymer semiconductors that possess increased optical‐absorption breadth and optoelectronic performance. This Research News article highlights a few techniques developed to optimize the BHJ nanomorphology and performance of solar cells fabricated by various solution‐processing methods.
The effects of diacylglycerol oil on fat oxidation and energy expenditure in humans and animals
Authors: Hibi Masanobu , Takase Hideto , Meguro Shinichi , Tokimitsu Ichiro 
Published: March 2009

AbstractStudies in animals and humans indicate that diets containing diacylglycerol (DAG) oil (containing >80% DAG) decrease body weight gain and body fat accumulation, especially visceral fat. Body weight and body fat are controlled by energy expenditure, fat oxidation, fat storage capacity, and appetite control. Recent researches indicate that DAG oil, compared with conventional oils, has distinct metabolic effects. We review the evidence concerning the effects of DAG oil intake on fat oxidation and energy expenditure. In humans, dietary DAG is more susceptible to oxidation, and in animals 1,3‐DAG, a major component of DAG oil, is rapidly oxidized. Short‐term human studies with indirect calorimetry demonstrate greater fat oxidation with DAG oil consumption compared with triacylglycerol (TAG) oil consumption. Furthermore, DAG oil consumption for 14 days stimulates energy expenditure. Based on these reports, enhanced fat oxidation and energy expenditure by daily DAG oil intake could contribute to long‐term reductions in body weight and fat accumulation. The literature provides support for the notion that dietary DAG is more rapidly oxidized than dietary TAG, and that, compared with TAG oil, DAG oil consumption increases whole body fat oxidation. The effects of DAG oil consumption on energy expenditure, however, remain inconclusive. © 2009 International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
Molecular Assembly of an Aptamer–Drug Conjugate for Targeted Drug Delivery to Tumor Cells
Authors: Huang Yu‐Fen , Shangguan Dihua , Liu Haipeng , Phillips Joseph A. , Zhang Xiaoling , Chen Yan , Tan Weihong 
Published: March 2009

AbstractSpecial delivery! An aptamer‐directed anticancer drug was molecularly engineered to be delivered to target cells for efficient therapeutic application. The covalent conjugation of drug and aptamer creates alternative opportunities for targeted therapy, as multiple yet specific aptamers can be “generated” relatively easily by cell‐SELEX for any target cells; this demonstrates the full potential of cell‐SELEX as a molecular discovery tool for biomedical studies and drug development.magnified imageThe conjugation of antitumor drugs to targeting reagents such as antibodies is a promising method that can increase the efficacy of chemotherapy and reduce the overall toxicity of the drugs. In this study, we covalently link the antitumor agent doxorubicin (Dox) to the DNA aptamer sgc8c, which was selected by the cell‐SELEX method. In doing so, we expected that this sgc8c–Dox conjugate would specifically kill the target CCRF‐CEM (T‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, T‐cell ALL) cells, but with minimal toxicity towards nontarget cells. The results demonstrated that the sgc8c–Dox conjugate possesses many of the properties of the sgc8c aptamer, including high binding affinity (Kd=2.0±0.2 nM) and the capability to be efficiently internalized by target cells. Moreover, due to the specific conjugation method, the acid‐labile linkage connecting the sgc8c–Dox conjugate can be cleaved inside the acidic endosomal environment. Cell viability tests demonstrate that the sgc8c–Dox conjugates not only possess potency similar to unconjugated Dox, but also have the required molecular specificity that is lacking in most current targeted drug delivery strategies. Furthermore, we found that nonspecific uptake of membrane‐permeable Dox to nontarget cell lines could also be inhibited by linking the drug with the aptamer; thus, the conjugates are selective for cells that express higher amounts of target proteins. Compared to the less effective Dox‐immunoconjugates, these sgc8c–Dox conjugates make targeted chemotherapy more feasible with drugs having various potencies. When combined with the large number of recently created DNA aptamers that specifically target a wide variety of cancer cells, this drug‐aptoconjugation method will have broad implications for targeted drug delivery.
Inside Cover: Cytotoxicities and Structure–Activity Relationships of Natural and Unnatural Lamellarins toward Cancer Cell Lines (ChemMedChem 3/2009)
Authors: Chittchang Montakarn , Batsomboon Paratchata , Ruchirawat Somsak , Ploypradith Poonsakdi 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe inside cover picture shows the structure of lamellarin N as a representative of cytotoxic marine lamellarin alkaloids, together with a potential molecular target, the topoisomerase I–DNA complex. Systematic SAR studies revealed the importance of the substituents for potent cytotoxicity. For more details, see the Full Paper by P. Ploypradith et al. on p. 457 ff.magnified image
Positively Charged Compact Quantum Dot–DNA Complexes for Detection of Nucleic Acids
Authors: Lee Junghan , Choi Youngseon , Kim Junwon , Park Eunjung , Song Rita 
Published: March 2009

AbstractSelective DNA detection: The fluorescence, from stable cationic QDs, is quenched by 90% on complexation with modified DNA molecules. The QD–DNA probe is capable of detecting pathogenic DNA fragments at concentrations as low as 200 nM in solution and shows selective fluorescence recovery in the presence of target DNA (see spectrum c in figure) vs noncomplementary DNA (spectrum d).magnified imageNovel QD–DNA complexes are prepared by simple electrostatic interaction between pegylated amine‐functionalized CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) and DNA. The cationic nature of the amine functionality on the QD surface allows for formation of an electrostatic complex with negatively charged DNA. The presence of polyethylene glycol (PEG5000) molecules on the QD leads to enhanced stability and decreased nonspecific adsorption of DNA on the QD surface. Unlike assembly of QD–DNA based on hydrogen bonding, the present QD probes tend to be more strongly stabilized during the hybridization process by increasing the overall negative charges. In addition, the DNA loading efficiency can be modulated by changing the pH of the reaction medium. The fluorescence of the QD is quenched up to 90 % by complexation with 5′‐TAMRA‐modified oligonucleotide (TAMRA=carboxytetramethylrhodamine) through fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). With the FRET pair we selected, the R0 value was calculated to be 5.5 nm and r is about 5 nm. This quenching of QD fluorescence is then reversed on binding of unlabeled target DNA. The maximum recovery of QD fluorescence is 60 %. The QD–DNA probe (5DNA/QD) exhibits selective photoluminescence (PL) recovery in the presence of target oligonucleotide with a PL ratio of 3 for complementary versus noncomplementary. The present QD–DNA probes also show the capability to detect the synthetic 100‐mer oligonucleotide derived from H5N1 influenza virus when present at concentrations as low as 200 nM in the solution.
On the Mechanism of Floating and Sliding of Liquid Marbles
Authors: Bormashenko Edward , Bormashenko Yelena , Musin Albina , Barkay Zahava 
Published: March 2009

AbstractLittle hovercrafts: The mechanisms of floating and sliding of liquid marbles (see picture) are elucidated. It is demonstrated that floating and sliding liquid marbles are separated from their supporting media by an air layer, resembling Leidenfrost drops. An ESEM study of the marble surface shows a rugged surface facilitating the trapping of air.magnified imageThe mechanisms of floating and sliding of liquid marbles are studied. Liquid marbles containing CaCl2 and marbles containing NaOH water solutions float on water containing Na2CO3 and an alcoholic solution of phenolphthalein with no chemical reaction. Sliding of liquid marbles, consisting of NaOH water solutions, on polymer substrates coated with phenolphthalein is studied as well. No chemical reaction is observed. These observations supply direct experimental evidence for the suggestion that interfaces are separated by an air layer when marbles roll on solid substrates. It is concluded that a liquid marble rests on hydrophobic particles coating the liquid. In contrast, drops containing an NaOH water solution sliding on superhydrophobic surfaces coated with phenolphthalein leave a colored trace. The mechanism of low‐friction sliding of drops deposited on superhydrophobic surfaces and liquid marbles turns out to be quite different: there is no direct contact between liquid and solid in the case of marbles’ motion.
Infrared Spectroscopy of Fragments from Doubly Protonated Tryptic Peptides
Authors: Bythell Benjamin J. , Erlekam Undine , Paizs Béla , Maître Philippe 
Published: March 2009

AbstractMost proteins in proteomics are identified from tandem mass spectra of doubly protonated tryptic peptides. Statistical studies indicate that these spectra fall into two distinct classes. IR spectroscopy experiments and DFT calculations performed on model b2 ions show that peptides producing Class I spectra form protonated oxazolone ions (see figure) and not protonated diketopiperazines as proposed elsewhere.magnified image
Cover Picture: Single‐Molecule Fluorescence Studies Reveal Long‐Range Electron‐Transfer Dynamics Through Double‐Stranded DNA (ChemPhysChem 4/2009)
Authors: Kumbhakar Manoj , Kiel Alexander , Pal Haridas , Herten Dirk‐Peter 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe cover picture shows the results of single‐molecule experiments where fluctuations in the fluorescence emission of a FRET donor could be related to charge transfer through the π‐stack of double‐stranded DNA. The bottom drawing shows a microscopic single‐molecule image of individual DNA probes depicted as green and red spots, indicative of donor and acceptor emission respectively. The overlay on the right is a sketch of a DNA probe with combined electron and energy transfer. The first second of the fluorescence transient shown on top is indicative of energy transfer until the acceptor photo‐bleaches (red). On page 629, M. Kumbhakar, D.‐P. Herten et al. demonstrate that the donor emission shows fluctuations (green) after acceptor bleaching that can be related to charge transfer between donors and acceptors transmitted by the π‐stack of double‐stranded DNA.magnified image
Catalytic Transformation of Waste Polymers to Fuel Oil
Authors: Keane Mark A. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractWaste not, want not: The increase in waste polymer generation, which continues to exceed recycle, represents a critical environmental burden. However, plastic waste may be viewed as a potential resource and, with the correct treatment, can serve as hydrocarbon raw material or as fuel oil, as described in this Minireview.magnified imageEffective waste management must address waste reduction, reuse, recovery, and recycle. The consumption of plastics continues to grow, and, while plastic recycle has seen a significant increase since the early 1990s, consumption still far exceeds recycle. However, waste plastic can be viewed as a potential resource and can serve, with the correct treatment, as hydrocarbon raw material or as fuel oil. This Minireview considers the role of catalysis in waste polymer reprocessing and provides a critical overview of the existing waste plastic treatment technologies. Thermal pyrolysis results in a random scissioning of the polymer chains, generating products with varying molecular weights. Catalytic degradation provides control over the product composition/distribution and serves to lower significantly the degradation temperature. Incineration of waste PVC is very energy demanding and can result in the formation of toxic chloro emissions. The efficacy of a catalytic transformation of PVC is also discussed.
A model for carbon nanotube interconnects
Authors: Xu Y. , Srivastava A. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractIn this paper, a semi‐classical one‐dimensional (1D) electron fluid model is built that is based on a classical two‐dimensional electron fluid theory taking into account electron–electron repulsive forces, which are significant in 1D system. We have used 1D fluid model to characterize the carbon nanotube (CNT) as interconnects, built a transmission line model and studiedS‐parameters and group delays. We have also comparedS‐parameters and group delays of CNT interconnects with the corresponding parameters of Cu interconnects. The results show that the CNT interconnects exhibit superior performance over the Cu interconnects. The results also suggest using CNT as interconnects for radio frequency (RF)/microwave applications. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Transition and sustainability: empirical analysis of environmental Kuznets curve for water pollution in 25 countries in Central and Eastern Europe and the Commonwealth of Independent States
Authors: Archibald Sandra O. , Bochniarz Zbigniew , Gemma Masahiko , Srebotnjak Tanja 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThis paper examines the effects of political, structural and economic changes on environmental quality in 25 Central and East European countries (CEECs) and the countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) using selected water pollution indicators and by testing the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC). Despite substantial research on the transition effects from centrally planned economies and totalitarian political systems to democracy and free market economies, the literature is limited with respect to the short‐ and long‐term environmental impacts. Considering the institutional and structural changes in these economies, rising per capita income and increased trade and investment openness, these countries can be characterized as early, late and non‐liberalizers with respect to the start and continuation of liberalization processes – a critical element of the systemic transformation in the CEECs. While trends in selected economic and social indicators (based on the OECD pressure–state–response framework) show that early liberalizers enjoyed positive gains relative to late liberalizers, the selected environmental indicators do not indicate consistent trends with regard to surface water quality. Among early and late liberalizers, nitrate, orthophosphate and ammonium concentrations decline and converge over time. Phosphorus concentrations initially dropped but then increased again for both groups of countries. Using the indicator of biological oxygen demand (BOD) as the dependent variable and a set of structural and economic measures as the independent variables, our econometric regression model provides some evidence for the EKC hypothesis and estimates the per capita income turning point for industrial BOD effluents to be approximately 3800–5000 USD. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Policy interpretation of human biomonitoring research results in Belgium: priorities and complexity, politics and science
Authors: Keune Hans , Morrens Bert , Springael Johan , Koppen Gudrun , Colles Ann , Loots Ilse , Van Campenhout Karen , Chovanova Hana , Bilau Maaike , Bruckers Liesbeth , Nelen Vera , Baeyens Willy , Van Larebeke Nik 
Published: March 2009

AbstractKey challenges in the field of environment and health are the interpretation of research data and the translation into policy measures. We present work of the Flemish Centre of Expertise for Environment and Health, working directly for the Flemish government. The centre investigated the complex relation between environmental pollution and human health by measuring pollutants and health effects in (over 4000) Flemish inhabitants, and developed an action plan for the interpretation of these human biomonitoring results for policy‐making. In 2007 the first step of this action plan, the prioritization of research results, was analysed and discussed. We present results of this experience in practice. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.