bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differential effects of biologic versus bisphosphonate inhibition of wear debris‐induced osteolysis assessed by longitudinal micro‐CT
Authors: Tsutsumi Ryosuke , Hock Colleen , Bechtold C. Dustin , Proulx Steven T. , Bukata Susan V. , Ito Hiromu , A. Awad Hani , Nakamura Takashi , O'Keefe Regis J. , Schwarz Edward M. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractAseptic loosening of total joint replacements is caused by wear debris‐induced osteoclastic bone resorption, for which bisphosphonates (BPs) and RANK antagonists have been developed. Although BPs are effective in preventing metabolic bone loss, they are less effective for inflammatory bone loss. Because this difference has been attributed to the antiapoptotic inflammatory signals that protect osteoclasts from BP‐induced apoptosis, but not RANK antagonists, we tested the hypothesis that osteoprotegerin (OPG) is more effective in preventing wear debris‐induced osteolysis than zoledronic acid (ZA) or alendronate (Aln) in the murine calvaria model using in vivo micro‐CT and traditional histology. Although micro‐CT proved to be incompatible with titanium (Ti) particles, we were able to demonstrate a 3.2‐fold increase in osteolytic volume over 10 days induced by polyethylene (PE) particles versus sham controls (0.49 ± 0.23mm3 versus 0.15 ± 0.067mm3; p < 0.01). Although OPG and high‐dose ZA completely inhibited this PE‐induced osteolysis (p < 0.001), pharmacological doses of ZA and Aln were less effective but still reached statistical significance (p < 0.05). Traditional histomorphometry of the sagital suture area of calvaria from both Ti and PE‐treated mice confirmed the remarkable suppression of resorption by OPG (p < 0.001) versus the lack of effect by physiological BPs. The differences in drug effects on osteolysis were largely explained by the significant difference in osteoclast numbers observed between OPG versus BPs in both Ti‐ and PE‐treated calvaria; and linear regression analyses that demonstrated a highly significant correlation between osteolysis volume and sagittal suture area versus osteoclast numbers (p < 0.001). © 2008 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 26:1340–1346, 2008
Comparative in vivo study of six hydroxyapatite‐based bone graft substitutes
Authors: Habibovic Pamela , Kruyt Moyo C. , Juhl Maria V. , Clyens Stuart , Martinetti Roberta , Dolcini Laura , Theilgaard Naseem , van Blitterswijk Clemens A. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractImprovement of synthetic bone graft substitutes as suitable alternatives to a patient's own bone graft remains a challenge in biomaterials research. Our goal was to answer the question of whether improved osteoinductivity of a material would also translate to better bone‐healing orthotopically. Three porous biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) ceramics (BCPA, BCPB, and BCPC), consisting of hydroxyapatite and β‐tricalcium phosphate, a porous biphasic calcium phosphate ceramic reinforced with a bioresorbable polylactic acid to improve its mechanical properties (BCPC+), a pure hydroxyapatite ceramic (HA), and a carbonated apatite ceramic (CA) were implanted intramuscularly and orthotopically by using a transverse process model in 11 goats for 12 weeks. BCPA and BCPB had similar chemical composition but differed in their microstructure. BCPB was not osteoinductive at all, but BCPA induced ectopic bone formation in 9 of 11 animals. Orthotopically, BCPA performed better than BCPB in both the amount and rate of bone formation. BCPC, similar to BCPA structurally and physicochemically, showed comparable results ectopically and orthotopically. Addition of resorbable polymer to BCPC made the material less osteoinductive (4 of 11 animals) and delayed bone formation orthotopically. Neither HA nor CA were osteoinductive, and their orthotopic performance was inferior to the osteoinductive ceramics. The results of the present study showed that material‐derived osteoinduction significantly enhanced bone healing orthotopically, and that this material property appeared more sensitive for predicting orthotopic performance than physicochemical and structural characteristics. © 2008 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 26:1363–1370, 2008
Changes in gene expression of individual matrix metalloproteinases differ in response to mechanical unloading of tendon fascicles in explant culture
Authors: Leigh Diane R. , Abreu Eduardo L. , Derwin Kathleen A. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractImmobilization of the tendon and ligament has been shown to result in a rapid and significant decrease in material properties. It has been proposed that tissue degradation leading to tendon rupture or pain in humans may also be linked to mechanical unloading following focal tendon injury. Hence, understanding the remodeling mechanism associated with mechanical unloading has relevance for the human conditions of immobilization (e.g., casting), delayed repair of tendon ruptures, and potentially overuse injuries as well. This is the first study to investigate the time course of gene expression changes associated with tissue harvest and mechanical unloading culture in an explant model. Rat tail tendon fascicles were harvested and placed in culture unloaded for up to 48 h and then evaluated using qRT‐PCR for changes in two anabolic and four catabolic genes at 12 time points. Our data demonstrates that Type I Collagen, Decorin, Cathepsin K, and MMP2 gene expression are relatively insensitive to unloaded culture conditions. However, changes in both MMP3 and MMP13 gene expression are rapid, dramatic, sustained, and changing during at least the first 48 h of unloaded culture. This data will help to further elucidate the mechanism for the loss of mechanical properties associated with mechanical unloading in tendon. © 2008 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 26:1306–1312, 2008
Micro‐Raman spectroscopy applied to the study of inclusions within sapphire
Authors: Palanza Valentina , Di Martino Daniela , Paleari Alberto , Spinolo Giorgio , Prosperi Loredana 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe present research concerns the characterization of samples of corundum (Al2O3), varieties of sapphire, by micro‐Raman spectroscopy. Ten samples of natural corundum from Australia, Madagascar, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Tanzania, and Vietnam were studied. After standard gemmological analysis, micro‐Raman analysis was also performed in order to identify mineral inclusions within the sapphire samples and to obtain information on the geological genres of the minerals. Several inclusions were evidenced within the sapphires and identified by Raman spectroscopy thanks to a confocal spectrometer, which allowed detection also below the external surface of the gem. Finally, the Raman spectra are discussed taking into account the provenance of the samples and their optical absorption. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Vibrational line shapes of liquid and subcritical carbon dioxide in nano‐pores
Authors: Arakcheev V. G. , Bagratashvili V. N. , Dubyanskiy S. A. , Morozov V. B. , Olenin A. N. , Popov V. K. , Tunkin V. G. , Valeev A. A. , Yakovlev D. V. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractCoherent anti‐Stokes Raman spectroscopy (CARS) spectra of the Fermi‐dyad ν1/2ν2 Q‐branches were recorded in subcritical (T = 30.5 °C) carbon dioxide imbedded in a nano‐porous glass (NG) matrix with pore size of 4 nm and in bulk. The spectral broadening of liquid carbon dioxide confined inside the pores is essentially not homogeneous in contrast to the case of the unconfined one. Analysis shows that the spectral line shape is defined by two resonant contributions provided by the core bulk molecules and those near the surface layer inside the NG pores as well as by nonresonant contributions of the glass matrix. The spectrum attributed to the molecules from near‐surface layer has several times greater linewidth and is shifted to the low‐wavenumber side in comparison with the spectrum in the bulk. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Raman spectroscopy of the transition of α‐gallium oxyhydroxide to β‐gallium oxide nanorods
Authors: Zhao Yanyan , Yang Jing , Frost Ray L. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe thermo‐Raman spectra of synthesised α‐gallium oxyhydroxide nanorod prove that the transition of α‐gallium oxyhydroxide to β‐gallium oxide nanorods occurs above 350 °C but below 400 °C. Scanning electron microscopy proves that the morphology of the α‐gallium oxyhydroxide nanorods is retained upon calcination to β‐gallium oxide. X‐ray diffraction patterns show that the nanorods are α‐gallium oxyhydroxide converting upon calcination to β‐gallium oxide.Intense Raman bands are observed at 190, 262, 275, 430, 520, 605, and 695 cm−1, which undergo a red shift of ∼5 cm−1 upon heating to 350 °C. Upon thermal treatment above 350 °C, the Raman spectrum shows a significantly different pattern. Raman bands are observed at 155, 212, 280, 430, 570, and 685 cm−1. The thermo‐Raman spectra are in harmony with the TG and DTG patterns, which show that the reaction of α‐gallium oxyhydroxide to β‐gallium oxide occurs at 365 °C. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
PTSD diagnoses, subsyndromal symptoms, and comorbidities contribute to impairments for breast cancer survivors
Authors: Shelby Rebecca A. , Golden‐Kreutz Deanna M. , Andersen Barbara L. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe clinical importance of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptomatology for cancer patients is unclear. The association between the magnitude of cancer‐related PTSD symptoms, comorbidity, and functioning is tested. Breast cancer patients (N = 74) were assessed at diagnosis/surgery, followed, and screened for cancer‐related PTSD 18 months later. Participants then completed diagnostic interviews and PTSD (n = 12), subsyndromal PTSD (n = 5), and no symptom (n = 47) patient groups were identified. Posttraumatic stress disorder cases were distinguished by having experienced violent traumas and anxiety disorders predating cancer, whereas subsyndromal cases were not. Also, longitudinal data show that PTSD covarys with poorer functioning and lower quality of life among breast cancer survivors. Both PTSD and subsyndromal PTSD were associated with employment absenteeism and the seeking of mental health services.
PTSD symptom clusters are differentially related to substance use among community women exposed to intimate partner violence
Authors: Sullivan Tami P. , Holt Laura J. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractWomen who experience intimate partner violence (IPV) have higher rates of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and substance abuse compared to women who do not experience IPV. However, the extent to which IPV‐related PTSD symptoms are related to women's substance use involvement largely has been unexplored. The current study investigated PTSD symptomatology and substance use in a community sample of 212 IPV‐exposed women. Drug‐using women reported higher PTSD severity scores compared to women who reported no substance use or alcohol use only. Moreover, the reexperiencing, avoidance and numbing, and arousal clusters demonstrated unique associations with substance use involvement. Findings not only elucidate the associations among IPV‐related PTSD symptoms and substance use, but they also can inform community‐based preventive interventions.
Resting electroencephalogram asymmetry and posttraumatic stress disorder
Authors: Shankman Stewart A. , Silverstein Steven M. , Williams Leanne M. , Hopkinson Patrick J. , Kemp Andrew H. , Felmingham Kim L. , Bryant Richard A. , McFarlane Alexander , Clark C. Richard 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe valence‐arousal (W. Heller, 1993) and approach‐withdrawal (R. J. Davidson, 1998a) models hypothesize that particular patterns of hemispheric brain activity are associated with specific motivational tendencies and psychopathologies. We tested several of these predictions in two groups—a posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and a “supercontrol” group, selected to be maximally different from those with PTSD. Contrary to almost all hypotheses, individuals with PTSD did not differ from controls on resting electroencephalogram (EEG) asymmetry. Particular aspects of PTSD were also not related to EEG hemisphere differences. Our null findings are consistent with the few studies that have examined resting EEG asymmetries in PTSD and suggest that PTSD may be associated with different processes than psychopathologies previously examined in studies of hemispheric brain activity (e.g., major depressive disorder, panic disorder).
Acute dissociation predicts rapid habituation of skin conductance responses to aversive auditory probes
Authors: Giesbrecht Timo , Merckelbach Harald , Burg Linda ter , Cima Maaike , Simeon Daphne 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe present study examined how acute dissociation, trait‐like dissociative symptoms, and physiological reactivity relate to each other. Sixty‐nine undergraduate students were exposed to 14 aversive auditory probes, while their skin conductance responses were measured. A combination of self‐reported anxiety and trait‐like dissociation was found to predict variability in peritraumatic dissociation levels induced by the aversive probes. Furthermore, high levels of acute dissociation were associated with faster habituation of skin conductance responding, while trait‐like dissociation was unrelated to habituation. Interestingly, individuals who reported childhood trauma displayed elevated skin conductance responses. Our findings contribute to the growing body of evidence indicating that subjective feelings of acute dissociation have their objective concomitants, notably fast habituation of physiologic responses.
Symptom comparison across multiple solicitation methods among Burundians with traumatic event histories
Authors: Yeomans Peter D. , Herbert James D. , Forman Evan M. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractDebate continues over whether posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms are more biologically based and therefore relatively universal or are more culturally constructed. This study aimed to describe traumatic stress reactions in a Burundian sample and to investigate the influences of the solicitation method (open‐ended questions and standardized measures) and psychoeducation (as a process of acculturation) on symptoms reported. Standardized measures showed that distress was manifested in somatization, anxiety, and depression, and less so in specific PTSD symptoms. Content analysis of open‐ended questions revealed frequent material complaints. Prior exposure to Western ideas about trauma was predictive of more severe PTSD symptoms. The implications of the findings are discussed in terms of how methodological and cultural factors may influence posttraumatic reactions in nonindustrialized settings.
War‐related posttraumatic stress disorder in Black, Hispanic, and majority White Vietnam veterans: The roles of exposure and vulnerability
Authors: Dohrenwend Bruce P. , Turner J. Blake , Turse Nicholas A. , Lewis‐Fernandez Roberto , Yager Thomas J. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractElevated prevalence rates of chronic posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have been reported for Black and Hispanic Vietnam veterans. There has been no comprehensive explanation of these group differences. Moreover, previous research has relied on retrospective reports of war‐zone stress and on PTSD assessments that fail to distinguish between prevalence and incidence. These limitations are addressed by use of record‐based exposure measures and clinical diagnoses of a subsample of veterans from the National Vietnam Veterans Readjustment Study (NVVRS). Compared with Majority White, the Black elevation is explained by Blacks' greater exposure; the Hispanic elevation, by Hispanics' greater exposure, younger age, lesser education, and lower Armed Forces Qualification Test scores. The PTSD elevation in Hispanics versus Blacks is accounted for mainly by Hispanics' younger age.
A cohort study of the long‐term impact of a fire disaster on the physical and mental health of adolescents
Authors: Dorn Tina , Yzermans Joris C. , Spreeuwenberg Peter M. M. , Schilder Agatha , Zee Jouke van der 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe literature on adult trauma survivors demonstrates that those exposed to traumatic stress have a poorer physical health status than nonexposed individuals. Studies on physical health effects in adolescent trauma survivors, in contrast, are scarce. In the current study, it was hypothesized that adolescents who have been involved in a mass burn incident (N = 124) will demonstrate more physical and mental health problems than an unaffected cohort from the same community (N = 1,487). Health data were extracted from electronic medical records, covering 1‐year prefire and 4‐years postfire. When compared to the prefire baseline, survivors showed significantly larger increases in mental, respiratory, and musculoskeletal problems than community controls during the first year after the fire, but not during the later years.
Virtual reality exposure therapy using a virtual Iraq: Case report
Authors: Gerardi Maryrose , Rothbaum Barbara Olasov , Ressler Kerry , Heekin Mary , Rizzo Albert 
Published: April 2008

AbstractPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been estimated to affect up to 18% of returning Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) veterans. Soldiers need to maintain constant vigilance to deal with unpredictable threats, and an unprecedented number of soldiers are surviving serious wounds. These risk factors are significant for development of PTSD; therefore, early and efficient intervention options must be identified and presented in a form acceptable to military personnel. This case report presents the results of treatment utilizing virtual reality exposure (VRE) therapy (virtual Iraq) to treat an OIF veteran with PTSD. Following brief VRE treatment, the veteran demonstrated improvement in PTSD symptoms as indicated by clinically and statistically significant changes in scores on the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS; Blake et al., 1990) and the PTSD Symptom Scale Self‐Report (PSS‐SR; Foa, Riggs, Dancu, & Rothbaum, 1993). These results indicate preliminary promise for this treatment.
Strengths of character and posttraumatic growth
Authors: Peterson Christopher , Park Nansook , Pole Nnamdi , D'Andrea Wendy , Seligman Martin E. P. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractHow are strengths of character related to growth following trauma? A retrospective Web‐based study of 1,739 adults found small, but positive associations among the number of potentially traumatic events experienced and a number of cognitive and interpersonal character strengths. It was concluded that growth following trauma may entail the strengthening of character.
Shock‐tube and modeling study of chloroethane pyrolysis and oxidation
Authors: Wakamatsu Hitoshi , Hidaka Yoshiaki 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe high‐temperature pyrolysis and oxidation of chloroethane were studied behind reflected shock waves using single‐pulse, time‐resolved IR absorption (3.39 μm), time‐resolved UV absorption (306.7 nm), and time‐resolved IR emission (4.24 μm) methods. The studies were performed over the temperature range 900–1650 K at total pressures between 0.8 and 3.2 atm. From a computer simulation study, a 201‐reaction mechanism that could explain all of our data was constructed. The reactions at high temperatures were discussed in detail. It was found that, in the chloroethane pyrolysis and oxidation under our experimental conditions, reactions (1)–(7) and (9) and the submechanism of ethylene were important to predict our data.

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© 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 40: 320–339, 2008
Autooxidation of hydrocarbons with oxygen in ionic liquids as solvents
Authors: Baj Stefan , Chrobok Anna 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe results of hydrocarbons autooxidation process carried out using several ionic liquids (IL) as solvents are demonstrated. Test studies to check the influence of ILs on this process showed that most ILs can accelerate the initiation rate of autooxidation. The results could be very useful for choosing an IL not only for autooxidation processes but also for catalytic oxidation systems. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 40: 287–293, 2008
Yet another look at the reaction CH3 + H + M = CH4 + M
Authors: Golden David M. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractRate and equilibrium constant parameters for the title system have been evaluated. In general the format used by Baulch et al. (J Phys Chem Ref Data 2005, 34, 757) is compatible with the results. For Ar as the bath gas, the following parameters are suggested: k0 (cm6 molec−2 s−1) = 1.53 × 10−23 T−2.17 with Fc = 0.876 exp(−T/1801) + 0.124 exp(−T/33.1). k∞ = 3.5 × 10−10 cm3 molec−1 s−1 as suggested in Baulch et al. (2005). However, since master equation calculations based on a hindered‐Gorin transition state along with an exponential‐down energy transfer model (Golden et al., J Phys Chem 2003, 107, 11057–11057) have been carried out herein and compared with data, the results can be stored in lookup tables, avoiding errors introduced by universal expressions, or values can be computed on the fly using the parameters for the master equation calculation given in the paper. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 40: 310–319, 2008
Multirate nonblocking multicast Log2(N, m, p) networks
Authors: Lin Bey‐Chi , Lea Chin‐Tau 
Published: April 2008

AbstractWe study necessary and sufficient conditions for multirate, multicast, and wide‐sense nonblocking (WSNB) log 2(N, m, p) networks. We show necessary and sufficient conditions for different values of m. The results allow us to find a speedup requirement in the network for a given traffic load. We also present a sufficient condition for making the network nonblocking when a limit is imposed on the multicast group size. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. NETWORKS, 2008
On persistent directed graphs
Authors: Bang‐Jensen Jorgen , Jordán Tibor 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe concept of persistent directed graphs was introduced by Hendrickx et al. to help analyze the stability of autonomous agent systems. They provided a combinatorial characterization for persistence but the complexity of testing persistence remained open. In this note we show that for directed graphs D with ∑vεV(D) min{δD(v), 2} ≤ 2∣V(D)∣ − 3 persistence can be tested in polynomial time, where δD(v) denotes the out‐degree of vertex v in D. This family of directed graphs includes acyclic digraphs (for which an efficient algorithm was known) as well as all digraphs with a leader‐follower structure. We also discuss some related orientation problems. Among others we point out that the existence of an acyclic persistent orientation can be tested in polynomial time for all graphs. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. NETWORKS, 2008