bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Elastic properties and tensile strength of 2D Ti3C2Tx MXene monolayers
Authors: Rong Chao , Su Ting , Li Zhenkai , Chu Tianshu , Zhu Mingliang , Yan Yabin , Zhang Bowei , Xuan Fu-Zhen 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTwo-dimensional (2D) transition metal nitrides and carbides (MXenes), represented by Ti3C2Tx, have broad applications in flexible electronics, electromechanical devices, and structural membranes due to their unique physical and chemical properties. Despite the Young’s modulus of 2D Ti3C2Tx has been theoretically predicted to be 0.502 TPa, which has not been experimentally confirmed so far due to the measurement is extremely restricted. Here, by optimizing the sample preparation, cutting, and transfer protocols, we perform the direct in-situ tensile tests on monolayer Ti3C2Tx nanosheets using nanomechanical push-to-pull equipment under a scanning electron microscope. The effective Young’s modulus is 0.484 ± 0.013 TPa, which is much closer to the theoretical value of 0.502 TPa than the previously reported 0.33 TPa by the disputed nanoindentation method, and the measured elastic stiffness is ~948 N/m. Moreover, during the process of tensile loading, the monolayer Ti3C2Tx shows an average elastic strain of ~3.2% and a tensile strength as large as ~15.4 GPa. This work corrects the previous reports by nanoindentation method and demonstrates that the Ti3C2Tx indeed keeps immense potential for broad range of applications.
Cis inhibition of NOTCH1 through JAGGED1 sustains embryonic hematopoietic stem cell fate
Authors: Thambyrajah Roshana , Maqueda Maria , Neo Wen Hao , Imbach Kathleen , Guillén Yolanda , Grases Daniela , Fadlullah Zaki , Gambera Stefano , Matteini Francesca , Wang Xiaonan , Calero-Nieto Fernando J. , Esteller Manel , Florian Maria Carolina , Porta Eduard , Benedito Rui , Göttgens Berthold , Lacaud Georges , Espinosa Lluis , Bigas Anna 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) develop from the hemogenic endothelium (HE) in the aorta- gonads-and mesonephros (AGM) region and reside within Intra-aortic hematopoietic clusters (IAHC) along with hematopoietic progenitors (HPC). The signalling mechanisms that distinguish HSCs from HPCs are unknown. Notch signaling is essential for arterial specification, IAHC formation and HSC activity, but current studies on how Notch segregates these different fates are inconsistent. We now demonstrate that Notch activity is highest in a subset of, GFI1 + , HSC-primed HE cells, and is gradually lost with HSC maturation. We uncover that the HSC phenotype is maintained due to increasing levels of NOTCH1 and JAG1 interactions on the surface of the same cell (cis) that renders the NOTCH1 receptor from being activated. Forced activation of the NOTCH1 receptor in IAHC activates a hematopoietic differentiation program. Our results indicate that NOTCH1-JAG1 cis-inhibition preserves the HSC phenotype in the hematopoietic clusters of the embryonic aorta.
Tumor histoculture captures the dynamic interactions between tumor and immune components in response to anti-PD1 in head and neck cancer
Authors: Basak Nandini Pal , Jaganathan Kowshik , Das Biswajit , Muthusamy Oliyarasi , M Rajashekar , Malhotra Ritu , Samal Amit , Nath Moumita , MS Ganesh , Shankar Amritha Prabha , BV Prakash , Pillai Vijay , BV Manjula , C Jayaprakash , K Vasanth , K Gowri Shankar , Govindan Sindhu , V Syamkumar , Juby  , R Koushika , Bhowal Chandan , Kumar Upendra , K Govindaraj , Malhotra Mohit , Sankaran Satish 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDynamic interactions within the tumor micro-environment drive patient response to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Existing preclinical models lack true representation of this complexity. Using a Head and Neck cancer patient derived TruTumor histoculture platform, the response spectrum of 70 patients to anti-PD1 treatment is investigated in this study. With a subset of 55 patient samples, multiple assays to characterize T-cell reinvigoration and tumor cytotoxicity are performed. Based on levels of these two response parameters, patients are stratified into five sub-cohorts, with the best responder and non-responder sub-cohorts falling at extreme ends of the spectrum. The responder sub-cohort exhibits high T-cell reinvigoration, high tumor cytotoxicity with T-cells homing into the tumor upon treatment whereas immune suppression and tumor progression pathways are pre-dominant in the non-responders. Some moderate responders benefit from combination of anti-CTLA4 with anti-PD1, which is evident from better cytotoxic T-cell: T-regulatory cell ratio and enhancement of tumor cytotoxicity. Baseline and on-treatment gene expression signatures from this study stratify responders and non-responders in unrelated clinical datasets.
Superexchange-stabilized long-distance Cu sites in rock-salt-ordered double perovskite oxides for CO2 electromethanation
Authors: Zhu Jiawei , Zhang Yu , Chen Zitao , Zhang Zhenbao , Tian Xuezeng , Huang Minghua , Bai Xuedong , Wang Xue , Zhu Yongfa , Jiang Heqing 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCu-oxide-based catalysts are promising for CO2electroreduction (CO2RR) to CH4, but suffer from inevitable reduction (to metallic Cu) and uncontrollable structural collapse. Here we report Cu-based rock-salt-ordered double perovskite oxides with superexchange-stabilized long-distance Cu sites for efficient and stable CO2-to-CH4conversion. For the proof-of-concept catalyst of Sr2CuWO6, its corner-linked CuO6and WO6octahedral motifs alternate in all three crystallographic dimensions, creating sufficiently long Cu-Cu distances (at least 5.4 Å) and introducing marked superexchange interaction mainly manifested by O-anion-mediated electron transfer (from Cu to W sites). In CO2RR, the Sr2CuWO6exhibits significant improvements (up to 14.1 folds) in activity and selectivity for CH4, together with well boosted stability, relative to a physical-mixture counterpart of CuO/WO3. Moreover, the Sr2CuWO6is the most effective Cu-based-perovskite catalyst for CO2methanation, achieving a remarkable selectivity of 73.1% at 400 mA cm−2for CH4. Our experiments and theoretical calculations highlight the long Cu-Cu distances promoting *CO hydrogenation and the superexchange interaction stabilizing Cu sites as responsible for the superb performance.
Data encoding for healthcare data democratization and information leakage prevention
Authors: Thakur Anshul , Zhu Tingting , Abrol Vinayak , Armstrong Jacob , Wang Yujiang , Clifton David A. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe lack of data democratization and information leakage from trained models hinder the development and acceptance of robust deep learning-based healthcare solutions. This paper argues that irreversible data encoding can provide an effective solution to achieve data democratization without violating the privacy constraints imposed on healthcare data and clinical models. An ideal encoding framework transforms the data into a new space where it is imperceptible to a manual or computational inspection. However, encoded data should preserve the semantics of the original data such that deep learning models can be trained effectively. This paper hypothesizes the characteristics of the desired encoding framework and then exploits random projections and random quantum encoding to realize this framework for dense and longitudinal or time-series data. Experimental evaluation highlights that models trained on encoded time-series data effectively uphold the information bottleneck principle and hence, exhibit lesser information leakage from trained models.
Orthogonal inducible control of Cas13 circuits enables programmable RNA regulation in mammalian cells
Authors: Ding Yage , Tous Cristina , Choi Jaehoon , Chen Jingyao , Wong Wilson W. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractRNA plays an indispensable role in mammalian cell functions. Cas13, a class of RNA-guided ribonuclease, is a flexible tool for modifying and regulating coding and non-coding RNAs, with enormous potential for creating new cell functions. However, the lack of control over Cas13 activity has limited its cell engineering capability. Here, we present the CRISTAL (Control of RNA with Inducible SpliT CAs13 Orthologs and Exogenous Ligands) platform. CRISTAL is powered by a collection (10 total) of orthogonal split inducible Cas13 effectors that can be turned ON or OFF via small molecules in multiple cell types, providing precise temporal control. Also, we engineer Cas13 logic circuits that can respond to endogenous signaling and exogenous small molecule inputs. Furthermore, the orthogonality, low leakiness, and high dynamic range of our inducible Cas13d and Cas13b enable the design and construction of a robust incoherent feedforward loop, leading to near-perfect and tunable adaptation response. Finally, using our inducible Cas13 effectors, we achieve simultaneous multiplexed control of multiple genes in vitro and in mice. Together, our CRISTAL design represents a powerful platform for precisely regulating RNA dynamics to advance cell engineering and elucidate RNA biology.
Ultrathin, ultralight dual-scale fibrous networks with high-infrared transmittance for high-performance, comfortable and sustainable PM0.3 filter
Authors: Yang Yuchen , Li Xiangshun , Zhou Zhiyong , Qiu Qiaohua , Chen Wenjing , Huang Jianying , Cai Weilong , Qin Xiaohong , Lai Yuekun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHighly permeable particulate matter (PM) can carry various bacteria, viruses and toxics and pose a serious threat to public health. Nevertheless, current respirators typically sacrifice their thickness and base weight for high-performance filtration, which inevitably causes wearing discomfort and significant consumption of raw materials. Here, we show a facile yet massive splitting eletrospinning strategy to prepare an ultrathin, ultralight and radiative cooling dual-scale fiber membrane with about 80% infrared transmittance for high-protective, comfortable and sustainable air filter. By tailoring antibacterial surfactant-triggered splitting of charged jets, the dual-scale fibrous filter consisting of continuous nanofibers (44 ± 12 nm) and submicron-fibers (159 ± 32 nm) is formed. It presents ultralow thickness (1.49 μm) and base weight (0.57 g m−2) but superior protective performances (about 99.95% PM0.3 removal, durable antibacterial ability) and wearing comfort of low air resistance, high heat dissipation and moisture permeability. Moreover, the ultralight filter can save over 97% polymers than commercial N95 respirator, enabling itself to be sustainable and economical. This work paves the way for designing advanced and sustainable protective materials.
Structure-guided engineering of immunotherapies targeting TRBC1 and TRBC2 in T cell malignancies
Authors: Ferrari Mathieu , Righi Matteo , Baldan Vania , Wawrzyniecka Patrycja , Bulek Anna , Kinna Alexander , Ma Biao , Bughda Reyisa , Akbar Zulaikha , Srivastava Saket , Gannon Isaac , Robson Mathew , Sillibourne James , Jha Ram , El-Kholy Mohamed , Amin Oliver Muhammad , Kokalaki Evangelia , Banani Mohammed Amin , Hussain Rehan , Day William , Lim Wen Chean , Ghongane Priyanka , Hopkins Jade R. , Jungherz Dennis , Herling Marco , Welin Martin , Surade Sachin , Dyson Michael , McCafferty John , Logan Derek , Cordoba Shaun , Thomas Simon , Sewell Andrew , Maciocia Paul , Onuoha Shimobi , Pule Martin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Peripheral T cell lymphomas are typically aggressive with a poor prognosis. Unlike other hematologic malignancies, the lack of target antigens to discriminate healthy from malignant cells limits the efficacy of immunotherapeutic approaches. The T cell receptor expresses one of two highly homologous chains [T cell receptor β-chain constant (TRBC) domains 1 and 2] in a mutually exclusive manner, making it a promising target. Here we demonstrate specificity redirection by rational design using structure-guided computational biology to generate a TRBC2-specific antibody (KFN), complementing the antibody previously described by our laboratory with unique TRBC1 specificity (Jovi-1) in targeting broader spectrum of T cell malignancies clonally expressing either of the two chains. This permits generation of paired reagents (chimeric antigen receptor-T cells) specific for TRBC1 and TRBC2, with preclinical evidence to support their efficacy in T cell malignancies.
Dynamic X-ray imaging with screen-printed perovskite CMOS array
Authors: Liu Yanliang , Gao Chaosong , Li Dong , Zhang Xin , Zhu Jiongtao , Wu Meng , Liu Wenjun , Shi Tongyu , He Xingchen , Wang Jiahong , Huang Hao , Sheng Zonghai , Liang Dong , Yu Xue-Feng , Zheng Hairong , Sun Xiangming , Ge Yongshuai 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHigh performance X-ray detector with ultra-high spatial and temporal resolution are crucial for biomedical imaging. This study reports a dynamic direct-conversion CMOS X-ray detector assembled with screen-printed CsPbBr3, whose mobility-lifetime product is 5.2 × 10−4 cm2 V–1 and X-ray sensitivity is 1.6 × 104 µC Gyair–1 cm–2. Samples larger than 5 cm$$\times$$
×
10 cm can be rapidly imaged by scanning this detector at a speed of 300 frames per second along the vertical and horizontal directions. In comparison to traditional indirect-conversion CMOS X-ray detector, this perovskite CMOS detector offers high spatial resolution (5.0 lp mm−1) X-ray radiographic imaging capability at low radiation dose (260 nGy). Moreover, 3D tomographic images of a biological specimen are also successfully reconstructed. These results highlight the perovskite CMOS detector’s potential in high-resolution, large-area, low-dose dynamic biomedical X-ray and CT imaging, as well as in non-destructive X-ray testing and security scanning.
Annexins—a family of proteins with distinctive tastes for cell signaling and membrane dynamics
Authors: Gerke Volker , Gavins Felicity N. E. , Geisow Michael , Grewal Thomas , Jaiswal Jyoti K. , Nylandsted Jesper , Rescher Ursula 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAnnexins are cytosolic proteins with conserved three-dimensional structures that bind acidic phospholipids in cellular membranes at elevated Ca2+levels. Through this they act as Ca2+-regulated membrane binding modules that organize membrane lipids, facilitating cellular membrane transport but also displaying extracellular activities. Recent discoveries highlight annexins as sensors and regulators of cellular and organismal stress, controlling inflammatory reactions in mammals, environmental stress in plants, and cellular responses to plasma membrane rupture. Here, we describe the role of annexins as Ca2+-regulated membrane binding modules that sense and respond to cellular stress and share our view on future research directions in the field.
Cortical astrocyte N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors influence whisker barrel activity and sensory discrimination in mice
Authors: Ahmadpour Noushin , Kantroo Meher , Stobart Michael J. , Meza-Resillas Jessica , Shabanipour Shahin , Parra-Nuñez Jesus , Salamovska Tetiana , Muzaleva Anna , O’Hara Finnegan , Erickson Dustin , Di Gaetano Bruno , Carrion-Falgarona Sofia , Weber Bruno , Lamont Alana , Lavine Natalie E. , Kauppinen Tiina M. , Jackson Michael F. , Stobart Jillian L. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAstrocytes express ionotropic receptors, including N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs). However, the contribution of NMDARs to astrocyte-neuron interactions, particularly in vivo, has not been elucidated. Here we show that a knockdown approach to selectively reduce NMDARs in mouse cortical astrocytes decreases astrocyte Ca2+ transients evoked by sensory stimulation. Astrocyte NMDAR knockdown also impairs nearby neuronal circuits by elevating spontaneous neuron activity and limiting neuronal recruitment, synchronization, and adaptation during sensory stimulation. Furthermore, this compromises the optimal processing of sensory information since the sensory acuity of the mice is reduced during a whisker-dependent tactile discrimination task. Lastly, we rescue the effects of astrocyte NMDAR knockdown on neurons and improve the tactile acuity of the animal by supplying exogenous ATP. Overall, our findings show that astrocytes can respond to nearby neuronal activity via their NMDAR, and that these receptors are an important component for purinergic signaling that regulate astrocyte-neuron interactions and cortical sensory discrimination in vivo.
Coupling between beta band and high frequency oscillations as a clinically useful biomarker for DBS
Authors: Bočková Martina , Lamoš Martin , Chrastina Jan , Daniel Pavel , Kupcová Silvia , Říha Ivo , Šmahovská Lucia , Baláž Marek , Rektor Ivan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBeta hypersynchrony was recently introduced into clinical practice in Parkinson’s disease (PD) to identify the best stimulation contacts and for adaptive deep brain stimulation (aDBS) sensing. However, many other oscillopathies accompany the disease, and beta power sensing may not be optimal for all patients. The aim of this work was to study the potential clinical usefulness of beta power phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) with high frequency oscillations (HFOs). Subthalamic nucleus (STN) local field potentials (LFPs) from externalized DBS electrodes were recorded and analyzed in PD patients (n = 19). Beta power and HFOs were evaluated in a resting-state condition; PAC was then studied and compared with the electrode contact positions, structural connectivity, and medication state. Beta-HFO PAC (mainly in the 200–500 Hz range) was observed in all subjects. PAC was detectable more specifically in the motor part of the STN compared to beta power and HFOs. Moreover, the presence of PAC better corresponds to the stimulation setup based on the clinical effect. PAC is also sensitive to the laterality of symptoms and dopaminergic therapy, where the greater PAC cluster reflects the more affected side and medication “off” state. Coupling between beta power and HFOs is known to be a correlate of the PD “off” state. Beta-HFO PAC seems to be more sensitive than beta power itself and could be more helpful in the selection of the best clinical stimulation contact and probably also as a potential future input signal for aDBS.
Wide-field Fourier magnetic imaging with electron spins in diamond
Authors: Guo Zhongzhi , Huang You , Cai Mingcheng , Li Chunxing , Shen Mengze , Wang Mengqi , Yu Pei , Wang Ya , Shi Fazhan , Wang Pengfei , Du Jiangfeng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWide-field magnetic imaging based on nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond has been shown the applicability in material and biological science. However, the spatial resolution is limited by the optical diffraction limit (>200 nm) due to the optical real-space localization and readout of NV centers. Here, we report the wide-field Fourier magnetic imaging technique to improve spatial resolution beyond the optical diffraction limit while maintaining the large field of view. Our method relies on wide-field pulsed magnetic field gradient encoding of NV spins and Fourier transform under pixel-dependent spatial filters. We have improved spatial resolution by a factor of 20 compared to the optical resolution and demonstrated the wide-field super-resolution magnetic imaging of a gradient magnetic field. This technique paves a way for efficient magnetic imaging of large-scale fine structures at the nanoscale.
Agent-based modeling of the prostate tumor microenvironment uncovers spatial tumor growth constraints and immunomodulatory properties
Authors: van Genderen Maisa N. G. , Kneppers Jeroen , Zaalberg Anniek , Bekers Elise M. , Bergman Andries M. , Zwart Wilbert , Eduati Federica 
Published: February 2024

AbstractInhibiting androgen receptor (AR) signaling through androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) reduces prostate cancer (PCa) growth in virtually all patients, but response may be temporary, in which case resistance develops, ultimately leading to lethal castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays an important role in the development and progression of PCa. In addition to tumor cells, TME-resident macrophages and fibroblasts express AR and are therefore also affected by ADT. However, the interplay of different TME cell types in the development of CRPC remains largely unexplored. To understand the complex stochastic nature of cell-cell interactions, we created a PCa-specific agent-based model (PCABM) based on in vitro cell proliferation data. PCa cells, fibroblasts, “pro-inflammatory” M1-like and “pro-tumor” M2-like polarized macrophages are modeled as agents from a simple set of validated base assumptions. PCABM allows us to simulate the effect of ADT on the interplay between various prostate TME cell types. The resulting in vitro growth patterns mimic human PCa. Our PCABM can effectively model hormonal perturbations by ADT, in which PCABM suggests that CRPC arises in clusters of resistant cells, as is observed in multifocal PCa. In addition, fibroblasts compete for cellular space in the TME while simultaneously creating niches for tumor cells to proliferate in. Finally, PCABM predicts that ADT has immunomodulatory effects on macrophages that may enhance tumor survival. Taken together, these results suggest that AR plays a critical role in the cellular interplay and stochastic interactions in the TME that influence tumor cell behavior and CRPC development.
Immunogenicity phase II study evaluating booster capacity of nonadjuvanted AKS-452 SARS-Cov-2 RBD Fc vaccine
Authors: Alleva David G. , Feitsma Eline A. , Janssen Yester F. , Boersma Hendrikus H. , Lancaster Thomas M. , Sathiyaseelan Thillainaygam , Murikipudi Sylaja , Delpero Andrea R. , Scully Melanie M. , Ragupathy Ramya , Kotha Sravya , Haworth Jeffrey R. , Shah Nishit J. , Rao Vidhya , Nagre Shashikant , Ronca Shannon E. , Green Freedom M. , Shaw Stephen A. , Aminetzah Ari , Kruijff Schelto , Brom Maarten , van Dam Gooitzen M. , Zion Todd C. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAKS-452, a subunit vaccine comprising an Fc fusion of the ancestral wild-type (WT) SARS-CoV-2 virus spike protein receptor binding domain (SP/RBD), was evaluated without adjuvant in a single cohort, non-randomized, open-labelled phase II study (NCT05124483) at a single site in The Netherlands for safety and immunogenicity. A single 90 µg subcutaneous booster dose of AKS-452 was administered to 71 adults previously primed with a registered mRNA- or adenovirus-based vaccine and evaluated for 273 days. All AEs were mild and no SAEs were attributable to AKS-452. While all subjects showed pre-existing SP/RBD binding and ACE2-inhibitory IgG titers, 60–68% responded to AKS-452 via ≥2-fold increase from days 28 to 90 and progressively decreased back to baseline by day 180 (days 28 and 90 mean fold-increases, 14.7 ± 6.3 and 8.0 ± 2.2). Similar response kinetics against RBD mutant proteins (including omicrons) were observed but with slightly reduced titers relative to WT. There was an expected strong inverse correlation between day-0 titers and the fold-increase in titers at day 28. AKS-452 enhanced neutralization potency against live virus, consistent with IgG titers. Nucleocapsid protein (Np) titers suggested infection occurred in 66% (46 of 70) of subjects, in which only 20 reported mild symptomatic COVID-19. These favorable safety and immunogenicity profiles support booster evaluation in a planned phase III universal booster study of this room-temperature stable vaccine that can be rapidly and inexpensively manufactured to serve vaccination at a global scale without the need of a complex distribution or cold chain.