bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Process and pad design optimization for 01005 passive component surface mount assembly
Authors: Wang Yu , Olorunyomi Michael , Dahlberg Martin , Djurovic Zoran , Anderson Johan , Liu Johan 
Published: April 2007

PurposeThe ever present need for the miniaturization of electronic assemblies has driven the size of passive components to as small as the 01005 package size. However, the packaging standards for these components are still under development. The purpose of this work is to report results from experiments designed to establish optimum process parameters, pad sizes and component clearances for the surface mounting of 01005 passive components.Design/methodology/approachThe experiments were designed using MODDE, an experimental design software tool, and were carried out with both 01005 capacitors and resistors. All the assembled components were examined under microscope and judged according to industrial workmanship standards.FindingsIt was found that a viable solder paste printing process for the assembly of 01005 components can be achieved with a 75 μm thick stencil. Type 5 solder paste achieved a similar printing performance to type 4. Under the experimental conditions used, the optimum pad dimensions for the 01005 capacitors were 210 μm length, 220 μm width, 160 μm separation and for the resistors were 190 μm length, 220 μm width, 160 μm separation. The smallest component clearance to reliably avoid bridging was found to be 100 μm. A high placement force of 3.5 N was found to cause cracking of 01005 resistors.Originality/valueFrom this work, a surface mount process for 01005 passive components is established and it is concluded that electronics packaging density can be increased through the assembly of these small components. In the near future, the widespread use of them will definitely facilitate a further reduction in the size of electronic assemblies, especially in handheld and portable devices.
Networks and Australian professional services in newly emerging markets of Asia
Authors: Freeman Susan , Cray David , Sandwell Mark 
Published: April 2007

PurposeTo understand better how professional services firms (PSFs) use networks to gain entry into newly emerging markets (NEMs), to analyze how such firms are assisted in this process by prior networks and to provide a framework of this process.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology utilised in this study is qualitative and exploratory. Ten interviews across three large firms (legal, finance and media consulting) were used for the data gathering. Analysis incorporated open, axial and selective coding.FindingsPrior networks provide impetus to the foreign entry aspirations of PSFs and are critical to the process. The specific functions of network actors in the entry process are to influence the firm and to provide intelligence‐gathering, arising from their participatory role in the foreign market. A framework is presented, supporting network theory as a key theoretical underpinning of strategy formulation, decision‐making and implementation by PSFs entering NEMs.Research limitations/implicationsThe framework presented in this paper could be tested most appropriately by analysing an extended number of cases, still within a qualitative approach, prior to survey‐testing the extent of the phenomena. Within the scope of the current study, however, the framework is supported by these preliminary findings.Practical implicationsNetworks are perceived by PSFs as a medium for capturing market knowledge and as a basis for strategic decision‐making in NEMs.Originality/valueNetwork theory is posited as a key theoretical underpinning of core strategy formulation, decision‐making and implementation by professional services entering NEMs.
The BAA/GCU Scottish Ambassadors Program (2003‐2005)
Authors: Scott Bernadette 
Published: April 2007

PurposeThis paper aims to provide qualitative insight into a unique, collaborative project undertaken by BAA (Glasgow) and Glasgow Caledonian University (GCU) over a three‐year period at Glasgow International Airport.Design/methodology/approachThe qualitative case evidence is conceptualized within the parameters of current thoughts and practices in Learning and Employability in the contemporary HE sector. Primary data were gathered from 27 students who had engaged on the program and also from BAA operational management staff based at Glasgow Airport. Program management perspectives are provided in order to triangulate the perspectives of all stakeholders involved in the initiative.FindingsThis study underlines the increasing importance of such prestigious initiatives to contemporary learning experiences at tertiary level. The students reported a higher level of preparedness for working life from an early stage of their studies and although charged with operational challenges from both a program administration viewpoint and for the industrial partner, BAA proved to be supportive, responsive and flexible with both students and the university itself. Benefits for all three parties are tangible and celebrated with positive prospects for the industry in Scotland.Originality/valueThis paper represents case material from a unique HE/industrial collaboration with a major employer within a UK context.
Lilly UK makes flexible working work
Authors: McCartney Claire , Evans Christina 
Published: April 2007

PurposeExamines the origins and workings of work‐life balance policies at Eli Lilly.Design/methodology/approachForms part of a research report on Making Flexible Working Work, by Roffey Park Institute, which reviews the literature on flexible working, puts the business case, and includes case studies of Ford Motor Company (UK), the Defence Science and Technology Laboratory, Vertex, the Legal Services Commission, East Sussex County Council and Lilly UK.FindingsPresents the business drivers for allowing individuals to work flexibly at Lilly, describes the flexible working options available, shows how flexible working has been aligned with the organization's core business strategies and emphasizes the importance of top‐management support.Practical implicationsHighlights the background against which flexible working operates best, and the instances where it is less appropriate.Originality/valuePresents a number of useful lessons from the Eli Lilly experience of introducing flexible working.
Future VLSI interconnects: optical fiber or carbon nanotube – a review
Authors: Kaushik Brajesh Kumar , Goel Saurabh , Rauthan Gaurav 
Published: April 2007

PurposeTo review and explore optical fiber and carbon nanotube (CNT) as prospective alternatives to copper in VLSI interconnections.Design/methodology/approachAs the technology moves to deep submicron level, the interconnect width also scales down. Increasing resistivity of copper with scaling and rising demands on current density drives the need for identifying new wiring solutions. This paper explores various alternatives to copper. Metallic CNTs, optical interconnects are promising candidates that can potentially address the challenges faced by copper.FindingsAlthough, the theoretical aspects proves CNTs and optical interconnect to be better alternative against copper on the ground of performance parameters such as power dissipation, switching delay, crosstalk. But copper would last for coming decades on integration basis.Originality/valueThis paper reviews the state‐of‐the‐art in CNT interconnect and optical interconnect research; and discusses both the advantages and challenges of these emerging technologies.
Advancing women's careers
Authors: Burke Ronald , Vinnicombe Susan 
Published: April 2007

PurposeThis collection seeks to examine the various challenges women face in advancing their careers.Design/methodology/approachIn the mid‐1980s, the phrase “glass ceiling” was coined and has since become an established part of our vocabulary. The glass ceiling refers to an invisible but impermeable barrier that limits the career advancement of women. During the last two decades, women have made progress: there are now more women in senior‐level executive jobs, more women in “clout jobs”, more women CEOs, and more women on corporate boards of directors. But real progress has been slow with only modest increases shown at these levels.FindingsThe slow progress made by talented, educated, ambitious women is now having some negative effects on women's views of management and the professions as a career. However, artificially limiting the career possibilities of women is a luxury organizations can no longer afford. Organizations are facing an impending shortage of qualified leaders. The aging of the workforce, a smaller number of new workforce entrants, and the war for talent, makes it imperative that organizations utilize and develop the talents of all their employees.Originality/valueThis collection examines the various challenges women face in their careers. The contributors come from a number of different countries, indicating the widespread interest in this topic in all developed and developing countries.
Uncertainty and feasibility studies: an Italian case study
Authors: French Nick , Gabrielli Laura 
Published: April 2007

PurposeUncertainty affects all aspects of the property market, but one area where the impact of uncertainty is particularly significant is within feasibility analyses. Any development is impacted by differences between market conditions at the conception of the project and the market realities at the time of completion. This paper sets out to address this issueDesign/methodology/approachThe feasibility study needs to address the possible outcomes based on an understanding of the current market. This requires the appraiser to forecast the most likely outcome relating to the sale price of the completed development, the construction costs and the timing of both. It also requires the appraiser to understand the impact of finance on the project.FindingsThis allows the appraiser to address the issues of uncertainty involved and thus provide the decision maker with a better understanding of the risk of development. This technique is then refined using a “two‐dimensional technique” to distinguish between “uncertainty” and “variability” and thus create a more robust model.Originality/valueThe feasibility study needs to address the possible outcomes based on an understanding of the current market. This requires the appraiser to forecast the most likely outcome relating to the sale price of the completed development, the construction costs and the timing of both. It also requires the appraiser to understand the impact of finance on the project.
Waking up after the war
Authors: Slaughter Richard A. 
Published: April 2007

PurposeThe war in Iraq raises questions about the global world order and this article aims to suggest the need for us to awaken to fresh thinking on the problems facing the world.Design/methodology/approachA brief analysis of the global problematic is presented. Next, the article concentrates on some of the ways in which futurists can respond. The third section takes up the theme of what it means to “wake up” at the cultural level. Finally the paper considers some examples of “post‐conventional” futures work.FindingsThe article describes advanced forms of futures enquiry and action that are being developed to help people to engage in‐depth with the multiple crises that threaten the world and its nascent futures.Originality/valueThe article provides a basis for futurists and foresight practitioners to find the “levers of change”, the strategies, the enabling contexts and pathways to social foresight.
Secrecy and new technologies
Authors: Bindé Jérôme 
Published: April 2007

PurposeAims to explore a central contradiction in the so‐called information society – while it is characterized by calls for universal transparency, at the same time, there are demands for increased secrecy.Design/methodology/approachA number of lines of enquiry are sketched out including: the way in which new technologies radically reshapes the relationship between secrecy and both the public and professional spheres; transparency v. secrecy; and the prospect that a society of organized secrecy will take the place of democratic society.FindingsNew norms and rules should be defined so as to take into account the effects of information technologies on governance and human rights.Originality/valueThe article is a declaration that the Age of the Enlightenment, as with the open society, is incapable of being bounded. The author opposes the postmodern prophets of doom who have declared the Age of the Enlightenment to be dead and its democratic project to be nonsensical.
Twenty‐first century strategies for sustainability
Authors: Henderson Hazel 
Published: April 2007

PurposeTechnological innovation is needed to shift from fossil fuels to renewable energy, recycling and redesigning industrial processes. More fundamental strategy levels need re‐examining: policy models, assumptions, institutional inertia and cultural values fueling today's drive toward increasing unsustainability. This study seeks to examine this issueDesign/methodology/approachReviews the current scientific debate about the unwarranted predominance of economics in public and private decision making; whether economics is a science or a profession and the demands by mathematicians, physicists and other scientists that the Bank of Sweden Prize in Economics be de‐linked from the original Nobel prizes.FindingsConventional economic models still drive such unsustainability: the malfunctioning “source codes” replicating traditional industrialism world‐wide. Scientific research on the human brain and ecosystems now refutes most of economics' core tenets. Multi‐disciplinary policies and appropriate metrics beyond money coefficients are needed for steering societies toward sustainability and quality of life.Originality/valueStrengthens the case for strategies for global sustainability to address current economic models that are driving today's unsustainable forms of globalization.
A summary of the Financial Services Authority's enforcement procedures in the United Kingdom
Authors: Falkner Robert , Gerty Jon 
Published: April 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to summarize the Financial Services Authority's (FSA's) enforcement procedures pursuant to powers granted by the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (“FMSA”) to impose a variety of sanctions on firms and individuals for breaches of rules under FSMA and other legislation.Design/methodology/approachDescribes FSA's approach to enforcement; how the FSA decides to commence an enforcement investigation; the FSA's powers to gather information and investigate; the FSA's policies and procedures on interviews; the FSA's policies on publicity; how a firm under investigation should involve both internal and external counsel; how the FSA decides to take enforcement action; the role of the Regulatory Decisions Committee (RDC); the FSA's power to prosecute criminal offenses; civil court proceedings, including injunctions, restitution orders, and insolvency proceedings; FSA disciplinary actions; the Statutory Notice Procedure; how the FSA issues decision notices; the role of the Tribunal; and settlement and mediation procedures.FindingsThe FSA is increasingly ready to commence enforcement proceedings and where necessary, impose significantly higher financial penalties than before in respect of rules breaches. While familiarity with the detailed procedural rules is important, it is not a substitute for the exercise of common sense and judgement. Each case is different. A final determination of the matter through settlement negotiations is strongly encouraged by the FSA.Originality/valueAn essential summary and reference guide to the FSA's enforcement powers and procedures especially relevant to senior management and to those in compliance who are dealing with actual or potential FSA enforcement action.
Interactive kids, passive parents
Authors: Horgan Sheena 
Published: April 2007

PurposeTechnology has experienced a period of rapid growth and development in the last ten years. This article seeks to determine whether age has an effect on how people embrace new technologies.Design/methodology/approachThe approach is an analysis that answers the question: How are today’s parents coping with the conundrum that is this rapidly evolving technology‐centric and interactive age?FindingsFinds that there is nothing new in parents not understanding their children’s music, fashion or views.Originality/valueProvides a review of relevance to providers and consumers of new technology products and services.
Why young consumers adopt interactive technologies
Authors: Arthur Damien , Sherman Claire , Appel Dion , Moore Lucy 
Published: April 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide an explanation for why young consumers adopt interactive technologies.Design/methodology/approachThe data analysed in this paper was taken from a series of in‐depth interviews and two online surveys initially conducted for the 2005 and 2006 Lifelounge Urban Market Reports.FindingsThe results suggest that five key values held by young consumers explain their adoption of interactive technologies. Following the explanation of each finding is a vignette of how the social networking site MySpace utilises interactive technologies to enable young consumers to convey their values.Originality/valueThis paper fills a gap in the literature by providing a values‐based structure of why young consumers adopt interactive technologies.
How rural children in China consume media & advertising
Authors: Chan Kara , McNeal James 
Published: April 2007

PurposeThis study investigates household access to traditional and new media, media exposure, time spent on media and other activities, and attention to advertising among rural children in mainland China.Design/methodology/approachA survey of 1,008 rural children ages six to 13 in four Chinese rural provinces was conducted in March 2003. Questionnaires were distributed through elementary schools. The number of students in each school varied from 150 (in Heilongjiang) to 575 (in Yunnan). All the schools were situated in counties with population of less than 131,000. A national research company was appointed to administer the data collection.FindingsNinety‐eight percent of rural Chinese children have access to television and 71 percent have access to children’s books. Access to other broadcast and print media was under 50 percent. Most of the media consumption was in‐home. Rural children spent most of the time playing with friends, study and watching television. Older children spent more time on media and other activities than younger children. Boys spent more time on electronic games, radio and videotapes than girls. Respondents reported that they sometimes watched television commercials while they seldom attended to advertisements in all other media.Originality/valueThis paper offers insight to design media strategies to disseminate product information to rural children in China.
Blame our evolved gustatory preferences
Authors: Saad Gad 
Published: April 2007

PurposeTo argue that childhood obesity is minimally influenced by media sources. Rather, our evolved gustatory preferences for fatty and sweet caloric foods, which were adaptive in our evolutionary history, yield maladaptive outcomes in today’s plentiful environments.Design/methodology/approachThe approach is discursive relying on several literature streams to make the key points of the current paper.FindingsObesity, whether in children, adolescents, or adults, is minimally linked to media images. The “media‐obesity” postulated relationship stems from the blank slate viewpoint of the human mind, which places undue importance on environmental cues and related socialization forces.Research limitations/implicationsHighlights the fact that social scientists have expended too much intellectual capital in investigating largely illusory links between food advertising and childhood obesity, when in reality this relationship is tenuous at best.Practical implicationsPolicy makers should spend less time worrying about the regulation of media images as these have little effect on behaviors with deleterious consequences (including childhood obesity).Originality/valueOne of the few papers (if not the only one) in the marketing literature to apply evolutionary‐based theorizing in understanding the forces that shape individuals’ food consumption habits.
Dealing with time constraints on development: the effect of food availability
Authors: PFENNING B , POETHKE H. J , HOVESTADT T 
Published: April 2007

Abstract 1. Life‐history theory predicts that organisms should speed up development in response to time constraints. However, acceleration of development carries energetic costs that have to be compensated, e.g. by an increase in foraging rate. For the wing dimorphic water strider Gerris lacustris (L.), the hypothesis was tested that the adjustment of development to time constraints is limited by the availability of food resources.2. Six cohorts of larvae hatched increasingly late in the season were reared under two feeding regimes. For each cohort and experimental group the physiological time (in degree‐days) of larval development was estimated.3. In both high‐ and low‐food groups there was a significant reduction of physiological time for development towards the end of the season. Furthermore, within cohorts, physiological development time was always lower in the high‐food group than in the low‐food group. However, there was no significant interaction effect between food treatment and cohort.4. The results demonstrate that G. lacustris has the flexibility to adjust development to time constraints. In addition, 20% of the ‘low‐food individuals’ developed into the short‐winged morph while all of the ‘high‐food individuals’ became long‐winged. The limitation of food may thus lead to a reduced allocation of energy into the development of the flight apparatus. This may explain the strong increase in short‐wingedness at the end of the season in natural populations, which are highly food limited.
Isolation and extreme sex‐specific expression of cytochrome P450 genes in the bark beetle, Ips paraconfusus, following feeding on the phloem of host ponderosa pine, Pinus ponderosa
Authors: Huber D. P. W. , Erickson M. L. , Leutenegger C. M. , Bohlmann J. , Seybold S. J. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractWe have identified cDNAs and characterized the expression of 13 novel cytochrome P450 genes of potential importance in host colonization and reproduction by the California fivespined ips, Ips paraconfusus. Twelve are of the Cyp4 family and one is of the Cyp9 family. Following feeding on host Pinus ponderosa phloem, bark beetle transcript levels of several of the Cyp4 genes increased or decreased in males only or in both sexes. In one instance (IparaCyp4A5) transcript accumulated significantly in females, but declined significantly in males. The Cyp9 gene (Cyp9T1) transcript levels in males were > 85 000 × higher at 8 h and > 25 000 × higher at 24 h after feeding compared with nonfed controls. Transcript levels in females were approximately 150 × higher at 24 h compared with nonfed controls. Cyp4G27 transcript was present constitutively regardless of sex or feeding and served as a better housekeeping gene than β‐actin or 18S rRNA for the real‐time TaqMan polymerase chain reaction analysis. The expression patterns of Cyp4AY1, Cyp4BG1, and, especially, Cyp9T1 in males suggest roles for these genes in male‐specific aggregation pheromone production. The differential transcript accumulation patterns of these bark beetle P450s provide insight into ecological interactions of I. paraconfusus with its host pines.