bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The occurrence of sequential oviposition in fig wasps and the implications for interpreting sex ratio data
Authors: Mnguni Simiso P. , Labuschagne Tany , de Waal Pamela J. , van Noort Simon , Greeff Jaco M. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Pollinating fig wasps are believed to adjust their sex ratios according to standard local mate competition (LMC) theory.
Standard LMC theory assumes that all mothers ovipositing in a patch or fig does so simultaneously. However, it has been shown that fig wasps can oviposit sequentially.
We counted the number of figs containing dead and living mothers in figs where mothers entered naturally to estimate the incidence of sequential and simultaneous oviposition.
Single mothers were the norm in two wasp species, and multiple mothers the norm in the other two. However, contrary to LMC theory, in all four species, when multiple mothers occurred, sequential oviposition seems to occur more frequently than simultaneous oviposition.
The sex allocation problem fig wasp mothers face is thus more complicated than the widely assumed simultaneous ovipositing situation, and it leads to several expectations. Single mother's sex ratios should increase as the probability of additional mothers increases. Naturally founded multi‐mother figs should have more female‐biased sex ratios than the standard LMC model predicts for the final number of mothers. This is because early‐arriving mothers underestimate the number of mothers and lay more daughters than the final number of mothers would require and later‐arriving mothers can lay fewer sons to be competitive against the first mothers' too female‐biased clutches.
Mothers must produce sex ratios that are optimised across a probabilistic range of foundress densities they experience.
A comprehensive systematic literature review of the burden of illness of Lennox–Gastaut syndrome on patients, caregivers, and society
Authors: Cross J. Helen , Benítez Arturo , Roth Jeannine , Andrews J. Scott , Shah Drishti , Butcher Emma , Jones Aimee , Sullivan Joseph 
Published: March 2024

AbstractFully elucidating the burden that Lennox–Gastaut syndrome (LGS) places on individuals with the disease and their caregivers is critical to improving outcomes and quality of life (QoL). This systematic literature review evaluated the global burden of illness of LGS, including clinical symptom burden, care requirements, QoL, comorbidities, caregiver burden, economic burden, and treatment burden (PROSPERO ID: CRD42022317413). MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched for articles that met predetermined criteria. After screening 1442 deduplicated articles and supplementary manual searches, 113 articles were included for review. A high clinical symptom burden of LGS was identified, with high seizure frequency and nonseizure symptoms (including developmental delay and intellectual disability) leading to low QoL and substantial care requirements for individuals with LGS, with the latter including daily function assistance for mobility, eating, and toileting. Multiple comorbidities were identified, with intellectual disorders having the highest prevalence. Although based on few studies, a high caregiver burden was also identified, which was associated with physical problems (including fatigue and sleep disturbances), social isolation, poor mental health, and financial difficulties. Most economic analyses focused on the high direct costs of LGS, which arose predominantly from medically treated seizure events, inpatient costs, and medication requirements. Pharmacoresistance was common, and many individuals required polytherapy and treatment changes over time. Few studies focused on the humanistic burden. Quality concerns were noted for sample representativeness, disease and outcome measures, and reporting clarity. In summary, a high burden of LGS on individuals, caregivers, and health care systems was identified, which may be alleviated by reducing the clinical symptom burden. These findings highlight the need for a greater understanding of and better definitions for the broad spectrum of LGS symptoms and development of treatments to alleviate nonseizure symptoms.
ADVENTURES IN TIMELAND
Authors: LUCAS GAVIN 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACTOne of the more significant issues to have emerged from the discourse surrounding the Anthropocene has concerned the apparent incommensurability of human and natural history and the vastly different timescales involved. More generally, such discourse raises critical questions about the very different way time is conceptualized in the natural sciences as opposed to in the social sciences and humanities. In this article, I draw on my own disciplinary background in archaeology in order to contribute to these differences and build bridges between the two disciplinary domains by foregrounding the materiality of time. I use a partly allegorical approach inspired by Edwin Abbott's nineteenth‐century novel Flatland to investigate a notion of three‐dimensional of time, which I compare with Gilles Deleuze's three temporal syntheses. The article argues for the concept of Thick Time, which emphasizes the importance of time as constituted by things, whereby things make time rather than exist within it. A material time is one that foregrounds time as a mode of transmission, a “passing on,” and of the persistence of the past in the present.
STATISTICAL DISCRIMINATION AND DURATION DEPENDENCE IN A SEMISTRUCTURAL MODEL
Authors: Baydur Ismail , Xu Jianhuan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis article develops a job‐search model with unobserved worker heterogeneity and learning about worker types from unemployment duration. The model features negative duration dependence that stems from unobserved heterogeneity, skill depreciation, and statistical discrimination. We estimate job‐finding rates implied by our model using microlevel data from the Current Population Survey. We find that removing interview costs counterfactually, thereby eliminating statistical discrimination, substantially increases the job‐finding rates of the long‐term unemployed. The performance of low‐skill workers at the interview stage with discriminating firms plays a key role in explaining our counterfactual result.
How to investigate mild to moderate bleeding disorders and bleeding disorder of unknown cause
Authors: Casini Alessandro , Gebhart Johanna 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA bleeding tendency is one of the most common complaints observed by hematologists. It is challenging to differentiate a clinically insignificant bleeding from a bleeding phenotype that requires hemostatic evaluation and medical intervention. A thorough review of personal and familial history, objective assessment of bleeding severity using a bleeding assessment tool, and a focused physical examination are critical to correctly identifying suspected patients with mild to moderate bleeding disorders (MBDs). A basic laboratory work‐up should be performed in all patients referred for a bleeding tendency. If a hemostatic abnormality is found such as evidence of von Willebrand disease, a platelet function disorder, or a coagulation factor deficiency, more extensive testing should be performed to further characterize the bleeding disorder. Conversely, if all results are normal the patient is considered to have bleeding disorder of unknown cause (BDUC). For patients with BDUC, further evaluation may include non‐routine testing to look for rare bleeding disorders not detected by routine hemostasis tests, such as thrombomodulin‐associated coagulopathy, tissue factor pathway inhibitor‐related bleeding disorder, hyperfibrinolytic‐bleeding disorders or impaired tissue factor production. In this review, we summarize the stepwise diagnostic procedure in MBDs and provide some insights into the biological features of BDUC.
Framing a strategic, stakeholder and contextual view of employee assistance programmes: A systematic review and an integrated conceptual model
Authors: Xiao Qijie , Cooke Fang Lee , Wang Jingtian 
Published: March 2024

AbstractScholars across disciplines (e.g., medicine and health, human resource management, organizational behaviour) have paid increasing attention to employee assistance programmes (EAPs) over the past 40 years. Our study systematically reviewed 327 EAP studies published in peer‐reviewed journals from 1980 to December 2021. We provided both descriptive and thematic analyses of this body of literature. We revealed that existing research has not paid sufficient attention to the role of multiple stakeholders, the importance of context and the strategic nature of EAPs, all of which are critical to EAP effectiveness. To fill these gaps, we develop an integrated conceptual model for EAP research that highlights the stakeholder perspective, strategic human resource management and contextual approach. We argue that EAPs cannot yield desirable outcomes without three forms of ‘strategic fit’: the internal fit between EAPs and a bundle of HR strategies; the organizational fit between EAPs and business strategies; and the environmental fit between EAPs and the environmental contexts. We suggest that employees and other diverse stakeholders should proactively engage in the EAP process to achieve mutual gains.
The application of topical antibiotics for the prevention of infections in primary joint arthroplasty. An umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta‐analysis
Authors: Luo Hua , Chen Zhongyi , Pan Qiaohong , Mei Haifeng , Chen Weifu , Zhu Zhong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis umbrella review aim to explore the effect of topical antibiotics in infection prevention after primary joint arthroplasty, and provide a specific theoretical basis for clinical treatment. The review process was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Medline, and the Cochrane Library on infection prevention by topical antibiotics from inception to 10 April 2023. The two researchers individually and strictly screened the literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, performed the literature quality evaluation and data extraction, and used Stata 17 for data analysis. This study included six studies with one systematic review and five meta‐analyses. The pooled analysis showed that topical antibiotic administration effectively reduced the incidence of overall infection and periprosthetic joint infection. However, it does not reduce the risk of superficial infection. Besides, the topic of antibiotics significantly increases the incidence of other sterile complications of the incision. According to the current evidence, topical application of antibiotics can reduce the incidence of overall infection and periprosthetic joint infection after primary joint arthroplasty. Although it increases the incidence of complications such as delayed healing of incisions, the pros and cons should be weighed in clinical decision making. However, they should not be discarded due to side effects.
Beyond a fixed number: Investigating uncertainty in popular evaluation metrics of ensemble flood modeling using bootstrapping analysis
Authors: Huang Tao , Merwade Venkatesh 
Published: March 2024

AbstractEvaluation of the performance of flood models is a crucial step in the modeling process. Considering the limitations of single statistical metrics, such as uncertainty bounds, Nash Sutcliffe efficiency, Kling Gupta efficiency, and the coefficient of determination, which are widely used in the model evaluation, the inherent properties and sampling uncertainty in these metrics are demonstrated. A comprehensive evaluation is conducted using an ensemble of one‐dimensional Hydrologic Engineering Center's River Analysis System (HEC‐RAS) models, which account for the uncertainty associated with the channel roughness and upstream flow input, of six reaches located in Indiana and Texas of the United States. Specifically, the effects of different prior distributions of the uncertainty sources, multiple high‐flow scenarios, and various types of measurement errors in observations on the evaluation metrics are investigated using bootstrapping. Results show that the model performances based on the uniform and normal priors are comparable. The statistical distributions of all the evaluation metrics in this study are significantly different under different high‐flow scenarios, thus suggesting that the metrics should be treated as “random” variables due to both aleatory and epistemic uncertainties and conditioned on the specific flow periods of interest. Additionally, the white‐noise error in observations has the least impact on the metrics.
“Take my Moneybox”: The Symbolic Powers of the First Child Movie Stars in Early French Cinema (1906‐1916)
Authors: Düzcan Bekir 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis paper analyzes why child film star series produced by major French production companies (Pathé, Gaumont, Eclectic, and Éclair) in the early 1900s (Bébé, Bout‐de‐Zan, Willy, and the Maria Fromet series) were received with such interest by global audiences. This period, prior to World War I, was a brief era when French cinema held significant hegemony worldwide, before Hollywood's dominance began. There are ideas suggesting that child film stars emerged with American cinema. Contrary to this, however, French producers competed fiercely in the 10 years following 1906, producing series featuring child film stars. Substantial budgets were allocated for the marketing of these series, ultimately gaining a considerable fan base not only in Europe but also in America. When examining these film stars from the early 20th century within their historical context, they emerge as the first international child stars with international fame and financial success, unlike child musicians, vaudeville artists, and theater actors from the 18th and 19th centuries. Inspired by the field analysis of French sociologist Pierre Bourdieu, this article aims to establish a connection between the struggles within the field and the symbolic needs of the audience as reflected in the content of child star films. The films were viewed at the Eye Film Museum archive.
Whiteness hurts society: How whiteness shapes mental, physical, and social health outcomes
Authors: Efird Caroline R. , Wilkins Clara L. , Versey H. Shellae 
Published: March 2024

AbstractConfronting whiteness could complement and amplify the study of Critical Race Theory and enhance psychologists’ capacity to effectively study and address health and social issues. Whiteness is a racialized social system and a set of beliefs that uphold White American social supremacy and the oppression of populations of color. We discuss how prior scholarship has addressed whiteness and we illustrate how whiteness can harm health and well‐being among White Americans and broader society. By documenting the negative effects of whiteness, we encourage divestment from the construction of reality that inequitably produces power and privilege, and ultimately, threatens society. Understanding how whiteness operates will aid the development of interventions and policies that reduce the inequity that results from whiteness and the enduring nature of racism. Finally, we call on psychologists to actively divest from systems of whiteness within our field; otherwise, we are complicit in how whiteness hurts society.
Papillary renal neoplasm with reverse polarity is biologically and clinically distinct from eosinophilic papillary renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Castillo Vincent Francis , Trpkov Kiril , Van der Kwast Theodorus , Rotondo Fabio , Hamdani Malek , Saleeb Rola 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPapillary renal neoplasm with reverse polarity (PRNRP) is a recently described indolent entity with distinct features and its recognition from other oncocytic/eosinophilic papillary renal cell carcinoma (ePRCC) has important prognostic implications. ABCC2, a renal drug transporter, is overexpressed in aggressive PRCCs. In this study, we compared the clinicopathological parameters and the biological ABCC2 expression between PRNRP and ePRCC. PRNRP (n = 8) and ePRCC (n = 21) cases were selected from resection specimens and corresponding clinicopathological data were collected. ABCC2 immunohistochemical (IHC) staining was performed and ABCC2 staining patterns were classified as negative, cytoplasmic, and brush‐border. RNA in‐situ hybridization (ISH) was used to assess ABCC2 transcript levels. All eight PRNRP cases had weak cytoplasmic ABCC2 IHC reactivity; however, they showed no detectable ABCC2 transcripts on RNA ISH. In comparison, 76% (16/21) of ePRCCs showed ABCC2 IHC brush‐border expression and significantly higher ABCC2 RNA ISH transcript levels (p < 0.001). Additionally, the ePRCC group showed a significantly larger tumor size (p = 0.004), higher WHO/ISUP grade (p < 0.001), and stage (p = 0.044). None of the PRNRP cases showed disease progression, while 9.5% (2/21) ePRCCs had disease progression. PRNRP is clinically and biologically distinct from ePRCC. Hence, it is crucial to differentiate between these two entities, particularly in needle core biopsies.
Nitrogen mitigates the negative effects of combined heat and drought stress on winter wheat by improving physiological characteristics
Authors: Ru Chen , Hu Xiaotao , Wang Wene 
Published: March 2024

AbstractExtreme drought stress is often accompanied by heat stress after anthesis in winter wheat. Whether nitrogen (N) can mitigate the damage caused by combined stress on wheat plants by regulating root physiological characteristics is still unclear. Thus, this study aimed to study the effects of combined heat and drought stress on photosynthesis, leaf water relations, root antioxidant system, osmoregulatory, and yield in wheat to reveal the physiological mechanism of N regulating the adverse impacts of combined stress on wheat. Heat and drought stress markedly reduced photosynthesis, leaf water content, root vitality, and bleeding sap. The combination of heat and drought strengthens these changes. Within a certain stress range, the increase in soluble sugar and proline contents and the activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase under combined stress effectively alleviated the oxidative damage. Compared with those under high N application (N3), wheat plants under low N application (N1) maintained higher yield and yield components under combined stress; the number of grains per spike, 1000‐grain weight, and yield increased by 13.65%, 9.07%, and 15.33%, respectively, under N1 compared with those under N3 treatment, which may be attributed to the greater maintenance of photosynthesis, leaf water status, root vitality, and antioxidant and osmoregulation capacities. In summary, reduced N application mitigated the damage caused by combined heat and drought stress in wheat by improving root physiological characteristics and enhanced adaptability to combined stress, which is an appropriate strategy to compensate for yield losses.
Evaluation of the Swedish Self‐Efficacy in Palliative Care Scale and exploration of nurses' and physicians' self‐efficacy in Swedish hospitals: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Granat Lisa , Andersson Sofia , Åberg Daniel , Hadziabdic Emina , Sandgren Anna 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundPrevious research found that healthcare professionals had low preparedness for palliative care. Thus, it is necessary to explore healthcare professionals' self‐efficacy. The Swedish Self‐Efficacy in Palliative Care Scale (SEPC‐SE) evaluates readiness in communication, patient management and multidisciplinary teamwork; however, it should be tested on a larger population. Furthermore, the constructs of the SEPC‐SE should be compared to that of the original SEPC.AimThis study aimed to evaluate the consensus between the construct validity and reliability of the SEPC and the translated and adapted SEPC‐SE. Furthermore, it aimed to describe and compare the self‐efficacy of nurses and physicians in hospitals and explore the associated factors.MethodsThe nurses (n = 288) and physicians (n = 104) completed the SEPC‐SE. Factor analysis with Cronbach's alpha evaluated validity and reliability, and an analysis using the Mann‐Whitney U test compared self‐efficacy and multiple linear regression‐associated factors.ResultsThe SEPC‐SE revealed three factors with high reliability. Education or experience in specialised palliative care was minor, especially for nurses. Self‐efficacy was highest in patient management (nurses, median [md] = 74.57, physicians md = 81.71, p = 0.010) and communication (nurses md = 69.88, physicians md = 77.00, p = 0.141) and lowest in multidisciplinary teamwork (nurses md = 52.44, physicians md = 62.88, p = 0.001). The strongest associations with self‐efficacy were education at work and advanced homecare experiences. In addition, there were significant associations between years in the profession, male sex, physicians and university education.ConclusionThe SEPC‐SE is valid and reliable for measuring self‐efficacy. Nurses had lower self‐efficacy than physicians. Physicians were associated with higher self‐efficacy and had more education and experience in palliative care settings, which may explain their levels of self‐efficacy.
Development of an analytical solution for optimum design of RWH systems—A case study in Guangzhou
Authors: Shiguang Chen , Hongwei Sun , Xuebin Chen 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe implementation of rainwater harvesting (RWH) has emerged as a key strategy to cope with the water crisis in urban areas. However, the required design parameters of the RWH system in different buildings vary widely because of the differences in architectural characteristics. In this paper, the relationships between the building characteristics parameters and the optimal tank (Tc) capacity are investigated by simulating the RWH system for more than 120 buildings at different locations in Guangzhou. Explicit expressions relating the optimal storage volume of RWH systems to building characteristics are derived based on nonlinear regression analysis. A set of bivariate exponential equations for estimating the optimal tank size under different building conditions was obtained. The model has a MER of less than 10% for buildings with a C/D ratio between 17.5 and 85. In Guangzhou, the unit cost of an RWH system can be reduced to CNY 2.62/m2 with optimally designed tanks.