bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Observed Spatial and Temporal Distributions of CVOCs at Colorado and New York Vapor Intrusion Sites
Authors: Folkes David , Wertz William , Kurtz Jeffrey , Kuehster Theodore 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe vapor intrusion impacts associated with the presence of chlorinated volatile organic contaminant plumes in the ground water beneath residential areas in Colorado and New York have been the subject of extensive site investigations and structure sampling efforts. Large data sets of ground water and indoor air monitoring data collected over a decade‐long monitoring program at the Redfield, Colorado, site and monthly ground water and structure monitoring data collected over a 19‐month period from structures in New York State are analyzed to illustrate the temporal and spatial distributions in the concentration of volatile organic compounds that one may encounter when evaluating the potential for exposures due to vapor intrusion. The analysis of these data demonstrates that although the areal extent of structures impacted by vapor intrusion mirrors the areal extent of chlorinated volatile organic compounds in the ground water, not all structures above the plume will be impacted. It also highlights the fact that measured concentrations of volatile organic compounds in the indoor air and subslab vapor can vary considerably from month to month and season to season. Sampling results from any one location at any given point in time cannot be expected to represent the range of conditions that may exist at neighboring locations or at other times. Recognition of this variability is important when designing sampling plans and risk management programs to address the vapor intrusion pathway.
A Case Study of Soil‐Gas Sampling in Silt and Clay‐Rich (Low‐Permeability) Soils
Authors: McAlary Todd A. , Nicholson Paul , Groenevelt Hester , Bertrand David 
Published: March 2009

AbstractSoil‐gas sampling and analysis is a common tool used in vapor intrusion assessments; however, sample collection becomes more difficult in fine‐grained, low‐permeability soils because of limitations on the flow rate that can be sustained during purging and sampling. This affects the time required to extract sufficient volume to satisfy purging and sampling requirements. The soil‐gas probe tubing or pipe and sandpack around the probe screen should generally be purged prior to sampling. After purging, additional soil gas must be extracted for chemical analysis, which may include field screening, laboratory analysis, occasional duplicate samples, or analysis for more than one analytical method (e.g., volatile organic compounds and semivolatile organic compounds). At present, most regulatory guidance documents do not distinguish between soil‐gas sampling methods that are appropriate for high‐ or low‐permeability soils. This paper discusses permeability influences on soil‐gas sample collection and reports data from a case study involving soil‐gas sampling from silt and clay‐rich soils with moderate to extremely low gas permeability to identify a sampling approach that yields reproducible samples with data quality appropriate for vapor intrusion investigations for a wide range of gas‐permeability conditions.
Retrospective analysis of the relationship between time of thoracostomy drain removal and discharge time
Authors: Marques A. I. D. C. , Tattersall J. , Shaw D. J. , Welsh E. 
Published: March 2009

Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the volume of fluid being produced at the time of thoracostomy drain removal and the time to hospital discharge in dogs and cats. Methods: Records of 101 dogs and 26 cats with thoracostomy drains were reviewed. Three subgroups were created according to the reason for thoracostomy drain placement: P (postsurgical), A (air) and F (fluid). A generalised linear model with Poisson Errors was performed to test the relationship between the volume of fluid produced at the time of thoracostomy drain removal and the time to discharge. The volume of fluid produced and the time to discharge were compared between species and subgroups. Results: No significant relationship was found between the volume of fluid produced at the time of thoracostomy drain removal and the time to discharge in either species or between the time to discharge and the reason for thoracostomy drain placement. Animals with a volume of fluid higher than 2 ml/kg/day at the time of thoracostomy drain removal did not have increased hospitalisation times. Clinical Significance: Thoracostomy drain can be removed, without clinical compromise, when the volume of fluid produced exceeds 2 ml/kg/day. However, other clinical parameters must be taken into consideration.
Haemaphysalis concinna(Acari: Ixodida): Persistent efficacy of doramectin in rabbits under laboratory conditions
Authors: BIAN Yao , YANG Guangyou , WANG Tao , YAN Huijuan , WANG Shuai , SUN Jiagang , LI Kaijun 
Published: March 2009

AbstractIn the present study, the persistent efficacy of doramectin (DOR) in rabbits infested byHaemaphysalis concinnawas observed. DOR (200 µg/kg) was administered once to infested rabbits by subcutaneous injection. A total of 15 rabbits were allocated to three groups, which were observed for efficacy. On days 1–7, 8–14, 15–21 and 22–28 post‐inoculation, the percent reduction of tick larvae in DOR treated rabbits was 100.0, 100.0, 86.7 and 61.7%, respectively; the percent reduction of nymphs was 100.0, 90.0, 75.0 and 65.0%, respectively; and the percent reduction of adults was 85.0, 65.0, 55.0 and 55.0%, respectively. In comparison, in untreated rabbits at the same time points (control group), the percent reduction of larvae was 5.0, 3.3, 5.0 and 5.0%, respectively, and there was no reduction of nymphs and adults in the untreated rabbits.
Foraging ecology of a local wild bee community in an abandoned Satoyama system in Kanazawa, Central Japan
Authors: PUTRA Ramadhani Eka , NAKAMURA Koji 
Published: March 2009

AbstractSatoyama is a traditional land management system in Japan that emphasizes the importance of a harmonious relationship between humans and their environment. It has been in a state of abandonment and destruction since the late 1960s. In 2000, the Japanese government initiated a new environment policy encouraging the use of Satoyama in biodiversity reservation areas. Before the initiation of active restoration works, an assessment of the potential of the Satoyama system is needed. To assess this potential, a study that focused on the foraging ecology of wild bees in a small abandoned Satoyama terraced paddy was carried out from June to October 2003. A total of 372 foraging bees belonging to 35 species in nine families was collected: two species of social bee (Apis ceranaandBombus diversus) and two of solitary bee (Lasioglossum japonicumandLasioglossum ohei) dominated. The foraging activities of wild bees were highly influenced by the requirement of food for the colony and the active time of solitary bees. In the study, most wild bees showed a strong preference for abundant flowering plant species that produced a large number of flowers (Achyranthes japonicaandPolygonum thunbergii). The results showed that an abandoned Satoyama system was an agricultural system that benefited pollinating bees. Careful and planned restoration practices to increase the diversity of foraging resources, microenvironment diversity and potential nesting areas for wild bees are needed to improve the ability of the Satoyama system to support more diverse and abundant wild bee populations.
Expression profile of Notch‐related genes in multidrug resistant K562/A02 cells compared with parental K562 cells
Authors: YAN S. , MA D. , JI M. , GUO D. , DAI J. , ZHAO P. , JI C. 
Published: March 2009

SummaryDrug resistance is the major setback of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) therapy. Notch proteins have demonstrated functional regulation in cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis and thus may affect drug resistance. Our study aimed to identify the Notch‐related gene profile in drug‐resistant AML cells and provide potential strategies for resistant AML therapy. 3‐(4,5‐Dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay was conducted to detect the cytotoxicity of adriamycin toward K562 and drug‐resistant K562/A02. Intracellular mean fluorescence intensity was monitored to reflect the intake of adriamycin by confocal microscopy. cDNA microarray was used to test the expression of 113 Notch signaling pathway‐related genes in K562/A02 and K562. Real‐time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) and western blot were used to validate the results from microarray. K562/A02 cells showed a 65‐fold higher IC50 to adriamycin and less intracellular accumulation of adriamycin than K562. cDNA microarray showed marked increases in binding of collagen and cell proliferation‐related genes (CD44, DLL3, IL17B, NUMB, and NUMBL) and decreases in signal transduction and transcription factor activity related genes (FZD9, GBP2, GLI1, GLI2, IFNG, KRT5, Notch2, and Notch3). The change of gene expression was further validated by real‐time RT‐PCR and western blot. Notch signaling pathway‐related genes may contribute to the drug resistance of AML.
Hybrid Iterative Methods for Convex Feasibility Problems and Fixed Point Problems of Relatively Nonexpansive Mappings in Banach Spaces
Authors: Plubtieng Somyot , Ungchittrakool Kasamsuk 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe convex feasibility problem (CFP) of finding a point in the nonempty intersection "Equation missing" is considered, where "Equation missing" is an integer and the "Equation missing"'s are assumed to be convex closed subsets of a Banach space "Equation missing". By using hybrid iterative methods, we prove theorems on the strong convergence to a common fixed point for a finite family of relatively nonexpansive mappings. Then, we apply our results for solving convex feasibility problems in Banach spaces.
Stored erythrocytes have less capacity than normal erythrocytes to support primary haemostasis
Authors: Zehnder Linda , Schulzki Thomas , Reinhart Walter 
Published: March 2009

SummaryPrimary haemostasis is mediated by platelet aggregation. Red blood cells (RBCs) are involved in this process. We hypothesised that stored RBCs could have less capacity to support primary haemostasis. This was tested with RBC units from 17 healthy volunteers stored for 45 days. Fresh citrated blood was taken again from the same donors and platelet-rich plasma was prepared, in which RBCs were resuspended with a constant haematocrit (40%), but changing fractions of stored versus fresh auto-logous RBCs (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100%, respectively). A platelet function analyser PFA-100® was used. In this instrument blood is aspirated through a membrane pore coated with collagen and either epinephrine (EPI) or ADP, which causes platelets to adhere, aggregate, and form an occluding plug, which stops blood flow and is measured as closure time (CT). We found that the CT increased with increasing fractions of stored blood. CT-EPI was 121 ± 17 seconds [s], 129 ± 32 s, 164 ± 45 s (p< 0.000, ANOVA), 214 ± 54 s (p< 0.0001), and 273 ± 36 s (p< 0.0001) for 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% stored RBCs. For CT-ADP the values were 91 ± 22 s, 95 ± 12 s, 101 ± 13 s, 124 ± 44 s (p= 0.004), and 191 ± 72 s (p< 0.0001), respectively. We conclude that stored RBCs have less capacity than normal RBCs to support primary haemostasis by platelet aggregation in vitro, suggesting a decreased capacity of stored RBCs to bring platelets into close contact with the wall, which may contribute to sustained bleeding seen after mass transfusion.
Venous thromboembolism and bleeding in a community setting
Authors: Gore Joel , Reed George , Lessard Darleen , Pacifico Luigi , Emery Cathy , Crowther Mark , Goldberg Robert , Spencer Frederick 
Published: March 2009

SummaryBleeding is the most frequent complication of antithrombotic therapy for venous thromboembolism (VTE). However, little attention has been paid to the impact of bleeding after VTE in the community setting. The purpose of this investigation was to describe the incidence rate of bleeding after VTE, to characterize patients most at risk for bleeding, and to assess the impact of bleeding on rates of recurrent VTE and all-cause mortality. The medical records of residents of the Worcester (MA, USA) metropolitan area diagnosed with ICD-9 codes consistent with potential VTE during 1999, 2001, and 2003 were individually validated and reviewed by trained data abstracters. Clinical characteristics, acute treatment, and outcomes (including VTE recurrence rates, bleeding rates, and mortality) over follow-up (up to 3 years maximum) were evaluated. Bleeding occurred in 228 (12%) of 1,897 patients with VTE during our follow-up. Of these, 115 (58.8%) had evidence of early bleeding occurring within 30 days of VTE diagnosis. Patient characteristics associated with bleeding included impaired renal function and recent trauma. Other than a history of prior VTE, the occurrence of bleeding was the strongest predictor of recurrent VTE (hazard ratio [HR] 2.18; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.54–3.09) and was also a predictor of total mortality (HR 1.97; 95%CI 1.57–2.47). The occur-rence of bleeding following VTE is associated with an increased risk of recurrent VTE and mortality. Future study of antithrombotic strategies for VTE should be informed by this finding. Advances that result in decreased bleeding rates may paradoxically decrease the risk of VTE recurrence.
Immuno-inflammatory activation in acute cardio-embolic strokes in comparison with other subtypes of ischaemic stroke
Authors: Raimondo Domenico Di , Corrao Salvatore , Sciacca Riccardo Di , Licata Giuseppe , Tuttolomondo Antonino , Pinto Antonio 
Published: March 2009

SummaryFew studies have examined the relationship between inflammatory biomarker blood levels, cardioembolic stroke subtype and neurological deficit. So the aim of our study is to evaluate plasma levels of immuno-inflammatory variables in patients with cardio-embolic acute ischaemic stroke compared to other diagnostic subtypes and to evaluate the relationship between immuno-inflammatory variables, acute neurological deficit and brain infarct volume. One hundred twenty patients with acute ischaemic stroke and 123 controls without a diagnosis of acute ischaemic stroke were evaluated. The type of acute ischaemic stroke was classified according to the TOAST classification. We evaluated plasma levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10, E-selectin, P-selectin, sICAM-1,sVCAM-1, vWF, TPA and PAI-1. Patients with ischaemic stroke classified as cardio-embolic (CEI) showed, compared to other subtypes, significantly higher median plasma levels of TNF-α , IL-6 and IL-1β. Furthermore stroke patients classified as lacunar showed, compared to other subtypes, significantly lower median plasma levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β. Multiple linear regression showed a significant association between the Scandinavian Stroke Scale (SSS) score at admission and diagnostic subtype, infarct volume of cardio-embolic strokes and some inflammatory variables. Our findings confirm that cardio-embolic strokes have a worse clinical presentation and produce larger and more disabling strokes than other ischaemic stroke subtypes reporting a possible explanation of higher immuno-inflammatory activation of the acute phase.
Microparticle-linked tissue factor activity and increased thrombin activity play a potential role in fibrinolysis failure in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Ajzenberg Nadine , Feldman Laurent , Guillin Marie-Claude , Steg Philippe Gabriel , Huisse Marie-Geneviève 
Published: March 2009

SummaryFibrinolysis for acute ST-segment elevation MI achieves early recanalisation of the infarct artery in approximately 60% of cases. The aim of the study was to determine whether failure to achieve recanalisation was associated with differences in haemostasis biomarkers compared to patients with successful fibrinolysis. Fourty-three patients were prospectively enrolled in a case-control study. All patients had received tenecteplase (TNKtPA) together with aspirin (500 mg) and heparin (5,000 IU). Emergency angiography within 90 minutes of bolus TNK-tPA identified 13 TIMI 0–2 patients (cases) and 30 TIMI 3 patients (controls). Blood samples were collected before angiography to determine tissue factor activity associated with microparticles (TF-MP); soluble platelet glycoprotein V (sGPV) and thrombinantithrombin complexes (TAT) as markers of thrombin generation; tissue plasminogen activator (endogenous tPA+ TNKtPA), plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) and plasmin-anti-plasmin complexes (PAP) as markers of plasmin generation. The baseline characteristics of the two patients’ groups were similar with respect to sex, age, and risks factors. Cases differed from controls by higher TF-MP levels (1.9 [1–13] vs. 1 [0.6–1.3] pM), sGPV (67 [51–126] vs. (48 [39–72] ng/ml), p=0.039 and TAT (10 [4–37.5] vs. 4 [2.9–7.2] ng/ml), p=0.035. TAT correlated with TF-MP (r=0.51, p=0.0064) and sGPV (r=0.51, p=0.0018). No significant difference was observed in tPA or PAI-1 levels. PAP were lower in cases (18.83 [14.83–40.43] μg/ml) than in controls (35.83 [27.9–43.94] μg/ml), p=0.045. In conclusion, fibrinolysis failure in AMI is characterised by a higher procoagulant state associated with TF-MP and a lower plasmin generation.
Non-overt disseminated intravascular coagulation scoring for critically ill patients: The impact of antithrombin levels
Authors: Morimatsu Hiroshi , Wiedermann Christian , Tani Makiko , Kanazawa Tomoyuki , Suzuki Satoshi , Matsusaki Takashi , Shimizu Kazuyoshi , Toda Yuichiro , Iwasaki Tatsuo , Morita Kiyoshi , Egi Moritoki 
Published: March 2009

SummaryValidation of a scoring algorithm for non-overt disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) proposed by the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH) is still incomplete. It was the objective of this study to assess the impact of including AT to non-overt DIC scoring on the predictability for intensive care unit (ICU) death and the later development of overt-DIC defined by the Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare (JMHW) or the ISTH. We performed a retrospective observational study conducted in 364 patients in critical care. Coagulation parameters obtained daily for DIC screening were utilised for scoring. There were 194 and 196 patients scored as positive non-overt DIC with and without AT, respectively; diagnostic agreement between the two was 78%. As compared with patients without non-overt DIC, these non-overt DIC patients had significantly higher mortality. In 37 ICU non-survivors, positive non-overt DIC scoring with AT preceded ICU death by a median of 6.8 days, which was significantly earlier as compared with a median of 5.4 days for non-overt DIC without AT (p=0.022). In patients who developed overt-DIC after admission, the time period from positive non-overt DIC to positive overt-DIC was significantly longer when AT was utilised (overt-DIC ISTH; 1.3 days vs. 0.1 days, p=0.004, overt-DIC JMHW; 2.5 days vs. 2.0 days, p=0.04, with AT vs. without AT, respectively). Non-overt DIC scoring predicted a high risk of death in critically ill patients. When information on AT levels was included, non-overt DIC scoring was found to predict development of overt-DIC significantly earlier than non-overt DIC scoring without AT.
Clinical significance of kallikrein-related peptidase 7 (KLK7) in colorectal cancer
Authors: Mathioudaki Konstantina , Prezas Panagiotis , Alexopoulou Dimitra , Diamandis Eleftherios , Xynopoulos Dimitris , Ardavanis Alexandros , Arnogiannaki Niki , Scorilas Andreas , Talieri Maroulio 
Published: March 2009

SummaryHuman tissue kallikrein-related peptidases are a family of 15 secreted serine proteases, located at chromosome 19q13.4. Most of them have been reported to be potential biomarkers for several carcinomas and other diseases. Human tissue kallikrein-related peptidase 7 (KLK7) has been purified from human stratum corneum and resembles a chymotryptic endopeptidase originally called stratum corneum chymotryptic enzyme (SCCE). In this study, we examined for the first time, the prognostic value of KLK7 mRNA expression, using a semi-quantitative RT-PCR method, in 105 colorectal cancer tissues for 54 of which, paired normal colonic mucosa were available. Furthermore, we analysed the expression of KLK7 in 10 adenomas, in 18 biopsies of inflamed colon mucosa, as well as in 22 human cancer cell lines of various origin, four of them being of colon. A defined number of colon cancer samples were also examined by immunohisto-chemistry. KLK7 expression was higher in cancerous than in normal tissues. Less differentiated tumors of more advanced stage showed higher KLK7 expression. Follow-up analysis revealed that KLK7 was significantly associated with shorter overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). In addition, selected colon cancer samples highly expressing KLK7 gene, showed intense immunohistochemical staining for KLK7, enhancing RTPCR results. Present data suggest that KLK7 gene is up-regulated in colon cancer and its expression predicts poor prognosis for colon cancer patients.
Treatment of venous thromboembolism in patients with cancer: Subgroup analysis of the Matisse clinical trials
Authors: Raskob Gary , Davidson Bruce , Decousus Hervé , Gallus Alexander , Lensing Anthie , Piovella Franco , Prins Martin , Büller Harry , van Doormaal Frederiek 
Published: March 2009

SummaryIn the initial treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE) fondaparinux, a pentasaccharide, is a good alternative to heparin. Whether this is also true for cancer patients is unknown. We performed two post-hoc analyses of two randomized studies to compare efficacy, safety and overall survival of fondaparinux to standard initial (low-molecular-weight) heparin (LMWH) treatment in cancer patients with venous thromboembolism. Two hundred thirty-seven cancer patients with deep venous thrombosis (DVT) were initially treated with fondaparinux or enoxaparin. Two hundred forty cancer patients with pulmonary embolism (PE) received fondaparinux or unfractionated heparin. The initial treatment was followed by vitamin K antagonists. In DVT patients, the three-month recurrence rate was 5.4% in the enoxaparin recipients compared to 12.7% in those treated with fondaparinux [absolute difference 7.3%, 95% CI 0.1, 14.5]. A recurrence was observed in 8.9% of the PE patients treated with fondaparinux compared to 17.2% in the unfractionated heparin recipients [absolute difference –8.3, 95% CI –16.7, 0.1]. In both studies no difference in bleeding and overall survival was observed. Regarding overall survival and bleeding fondaparinux is comparable to enoxaparin and unfractionated heparin in cancer patients. No significant differences in recurrent VTE were observed when comparing fondaparinux with unfractionated or LMWH. Because of study limitations these results should be considered hypothesis-generating.