bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment of extramammary Paget disease with imiquimod in a real-life setting: a multicentre retrospective analysis in Spain
Authors: Escolà Helena , Llombart Beatriz , Escolà-Rodríguez Alba , Barchino-Ortiz Lucía , Marcoval Joaquim , Alcaraz Inmaculada , Beà-Ardébol Sònia , Toll Agustí , Miñano-Medrano Román , Rodríguez-Jiménez Pedro , López-Nuñez María , Ferrándiz-Pulido Carla , Jaka Ane , Masferrer Emili , Aguayo-Ortiz Rafael S , Yébenes Mireia , Arandes-Marcocci Jorge , Ruiz-Salas Verónica , Turrión-Merino Lucía , Just Miquel , Sánchez-Schmidt Júlia , Leal Lorena , Mayo-Martínez Fátima , Haya-Martínez Lara , Sandoval-Clavijo Alejandra , Greta Dradi Giulia , Delgado Yolanda , Verdaguer-Faja Júlia , López-Castillo Daniel , Pujol Ramon M , Deza Gustavo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundTopical imiquimod has been shown to be an effective treatment for extramammary Paget disease (EMPD), although available evidence supporting its use is based on case reports and small series of patients.ObjectivesTo investigate the therapeutic outcomes and analyse potential clinicopathological factors associated with the imiquimod response in a large cohort of patients with EMPD.MethodsRetrospective chart review of 125 patients with EMPD treated with imiquimod at 20 Spanish tertiary-care hospitals.ResultsDuring the study period, patients received 134 treatment regimens with imiquimod, with 70 (52.2%) treatments achieving a complete response (CR), 41 (30.6%) a partial response and 23 (17.2%) no response. The cumulative CR rates at 24 and 48 weeks of treatment were 46.3% and 71.8%, respectively, without significant differences between first-time and previously treated EMPD. Larger lesions (≥ 6 cm; P = 0.04) and EMPD affecting &gt; 1 anatomical site (P = 0.002) were significantly associated with a worse treatment response. However, the CR rate did not differ significantly by the number of treatment applications (≤ 4 vs. &gt; 4 times per week; P = 0.112). Among patients who achieved CR, 30 of 69 (43%) treatments resulted in local recurrences during a mean follow-up period of 36 months, with an estimated 3- and 5-year recurrence-free survival of 55.7% and 36.4%, respectively.ConclusionsImiquimod appears as an effective therapeutic alternative for both first-line and previously treated EMPD lesions. However, a less favourable therapeutic response could be expected in larger lesions and those affecting &gt; 1 anatomical site. Based on our results, a three to four times weekly regimen of imiquimod with a treatment duration of at least 6 months could be considered an appropriate therapeutic strategy for patients with EMPD.
Epidemiology and Treatment Outcomes of Tuberculosis With Chronic Hepatitis B Infection—California, 2016–2020
Authors: Bertumen J Bradford , Pascopella Lisa , Han Emily , Glenn-Finer Rosie , Wong Robert J , Chitnis Amit , Jaganath Devan , Jewell Mirna , Gounder Prabhu , McElroy Sara , Stockman Lauren , Barry Pennan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundImproved epidemiologic and treatment data for active tuberculosis (TB) with chronic hepatitis B virus (cHBV) infection might inform and encourage screening and vaccination programs focused on persons at risk of having both conditions.MethodsWe matched the California Department of Public Health TB registry during 2016–2020 to the cHBV registry using probabilistic matching algorithms. We used chi-square analysis to compare the characteristics of persons with TB and cHBV with those with TB only. We compared TB treatment outcomes between these groups using modified Poisson regression models. We calculated the time between reporting of TB and cHBV diagnoses for those with both conditions.ResultsWe identified 8435 persons with TB, including 316 (3.7%) with cHBV. Among persons with TB and cHBV, 256 (81.0%) were non–US-born Asian versus 4186 (51.6%) with TB only (P &lt; .0001). End-stage renal disease (26 [8.2%] vs 322 [4.0%]; P &lt; .001) and HIV (21 [6.7%] vs 247 [3.0%]; P = .02) were more frequent among those with TB and cHBV compared with those with TB only. Among those with both conditions, 35 (11.1%) had TB diagnosed &gt;60 days before cHBV (median, 363 days) and 220 (69.6%) had TB diagnosed &gt;60 days after cHBV (median, 3411 days).ConclusionsPersons with TB and cHBV were found more frequently in certain groups compared with TB only, and infrequently had their conditions diagnosed together. This highlights an opportunity to improve screening and treatment of TB and cHBV in those at high risk for coinfection.
Impact of aspirin use on rates of metastasis in patients with esophageal cancer: insights from the National Inpatient Sample
Authors: Patel Jay , Khanna Tejasvini , Sohal Aalam , Dhaliwal Armaan , Chaudhry Hunza , Kalra Shivam , Singh Ishandeep , Dukovic Dino , Bains Kanwal 
Published: March 2024

Summary
Despite advancing treatment methods, esophageal cancer (EC) maintains a high mortality rate and poor prognosis. Through various mechanisms, aspirin has been suggested to have a chemopreventive effect on EC. However, the long-term impact, particularly regarding the rate of metastasis, needs to be further elucidated. NIS 2016–2020 was used to identify adult patients (age &gt; 18 years) with EC using ICD-10 codes. Patients with missing demographics and mortality were excluded. Patients were stratified into two groups based on aspirin use. Data were collected on patient demographics, Elixhauser Comorbidity Index (ECI), and comorbidities (hypertension, chronic pulmonary disease, coronary artery disease (CAD), chronic kidney disease (CKD), congestive heart failure (CHF), coagulopathy, alcohol use, smoking, and obesity). The outcomes studied were rates of total metastasis, gastrointestinal (GI) metastasis, non-GI metastasis, and lymphoid metastasis. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the impact of aspirin use on various metastases after adjusting for patient demographics, comorbidities, and ECI. Out of 190,655 patients, 20,650 (10.8%) patients were aspirin users. Majority of the patients in the aspirin group were aged &gt; 65 years (74.7%), males (82.1%), White race (84%), and had medicare insurance (71%). There was a higher incidence of diabetes, hypertension, chronic pulmonary disease, CAD, CKD, CHF, and smoking in aspirin users than non-aspirin users. Patients with aspirin users had a lower incidence of metastasis (28.9% vs. 38.7%, P &lt; 0.001), GI metastasis (14.2% vs. 20.6%, P &lt; 0.001), non-GI metastasis (15.1% vs. 22%, P &lt; 0.001), and lymphoid metastasis (8.9% vs. 11.3%, P &lt; 0.001) than non-aspirin users. After adjusting for confounding factors, patients with aspirin use had lower odds of having metastasis (aOR-0.73, 95% CI-0.70-0.77, P &lt; 0.001). Our study noted that aspirin use is associated with a reduction in the rate of metastasis in patients with EC. These studies support the use of aspirin in patients with EC and suggest the need for further studies to understand the mechanism by which aspirin use reduces metastasis in patients with EC.
Using stink bug migration behavior for physical exclusion
Authors: Marshall Adrian T , Beers Elizabeth H 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Stink bugs have become an increasing concern for tree fruit growers due to changing management strategies and the introduction of an invasive species. The use of broad-spectrum insecticides for stink bug control disrupts biological control and leads to secondary pest outbreaks. To seek alternative tactics, we investigated the physical exclusion of native stink bugs with single-wall net barriers at orchard borders. First, stink bug capture on clear sticky panels along orchard edges showed that movement between the native shrub-steppe vegetation and the orchard occurs for much of the growing season instead of the presumed single migration event in August. Most stink bugs were captured between 1 m and 3 m heights, signifying a 4 m exclusion barrier would intercept migrating bugs. We tested large net barriers (4 m × 23 m) constructed of plain netting with or without deltamethrin-infused netting in flaps compared to a no-net control. The capture of target and nontarget arthropods was determined with plastic tarps below the nets or on the open ground of the control. Net barriers did not directly affect stink bug densities in the orchards, although orchard populations were low overall. Barriers did intercept stink bugs, and the addition of deltamethrin flaps enhanced stink bug mortality but at the price of nontarget arthropod mortality. Our results indicate that stink bug management efforts should focus earlier in the growing season and given the long period of migration, barriers are a more sustainable way of slowing movement into the orchard than the current sole reliance on chemical control.
European practices on antithrombotic management during percutaneous mechanical circulatory support in adults: a survey of the Association for Acute CardioVascular Care of the ESC and the European branch of the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization
Authors: Van Edom Charlotte J , Swol Justyna , Castelein Thomas , Gramegna Mario , Huber Kurt , Leonardi Sergio , Mueller Thomas , Pappalardo Federico , Price Susanna , Schaubroeck Hannah , Schrage Benedikt , Tavazzi Guido , Vercaemst Leen , Vranckx Pascal , Vandenbriele Christophe 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Aims
Bleeding and thrombotic complications compromise outcomes in patients undergoing percutaneous mechanical circulatory support (pMCS) with veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-A ECMO) and/or microaxial flow pumps like Impella™. Antithrombotic practices are an important determinant of the coagulopathic risk, but standardization in the antithrombotic management during pMCS is lacking. This survey outlines European practices in antithrombotic management in adults on pMCS, making an initial effort to standardize practices, inform future trials, and enhance outcomes.

Methods and results
This online cross-sectional survey was distributed through digital newsletters and social media platforms by the Association of Acute Cardiovascular Care and the European branch of the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization. The survey was available from 17 April 2023 to 23 May 2023. The target population were European clinicians involved in care for adults on pMCS. We included 105 responses from 26 European countries. Notably, 72.4% of the respondents adhered to locally established anticoagulation protocols, with unfractionated heparin (UFH) being the predominant anticoagulant (Impella™: 97.0% and V-A ECMO: 96.1%). A minority of the respondents, 10.8 and 14.5%, respectively, utilized the anti-factor-Xa assay in parallel with activated partial thromboplastin time for UFH monitoring during Impella™ and V-A ECMO support. Anticoagulant targets varied across institutions. Following acute coronary syndrome without percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), 54.0 and 42.7% were administered dual antiplatelet therapy during Impella™ and V-A ECMO support, increasing to 93.7 and 84.0% after PCI.

Conclusion
Substantial heterogeneity in antithrombotic practices emerged from participants’ responses, potentially contributing to variable device–associated bleeding and thrombotic complications.
Safety of lung resection surgery after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection in the post-vaccination era
Authors: Im Somin , Na Kwon Joong , Park Ji Hyeon , Na Bubse , Park Samina , Park In Kyu , Kang Chang Hyun , Kim Young Tae 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
To investigate the postoperative outcomes of lung resection in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and determine the optimal timing of surgery.

METHODS
This retrospective, single-centre cohort study included patients who underwent lung resection between June 2021 and June 2022. Patients were divided into the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and non-COVID-19 groups based on their preoperative SARS-CoV-2 infection history, and postoperative outcomes were compared. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify the risk factors of complications after lung resection surgery.

RESULTS
In total, 1194 patients were enrolled, of whom, 79 had a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection. In the COVID-19 group, 66 patients (90.4%) had received at least 1 vaccination dose. The average interval between infection and surgery was 67 days, with no significant impact on postoperative outcomes. Regarding postoperative outcomes, there were no significant differences in major complication rate (6.3% vs 5.4%, P = 0.613), respiratory complication rate (19.0% vs 12.2%, P = 0.079) or length of stays (4.9 ± 3.4 vs 5.0 ± 5.6, P = 0.992) between the 2 groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age, male sex, poor pulmonary function test, open surgery and extensive lung resection were risk factors for postoperative complications, while preoperative COVID-19 infection status was not a statistically significant risk factor.

CONCLUSIONS
In the post-vaccination era, lung resection surgery can be safely performed shortly after SARS-CoV-2 infection, even within 4 weeks of infection.
Adapting an evidence-based, home cardiac rehabilitation programme for people with heart failure and their caregivers to the Danish context: DK:REACH-HF study
Authors: Eghøj Martin , Zinckernagel Line , Brinks Thea S , Kristensen Astrid L S , Hviid Signe S , Tolstrup Janne S , Dalal Hasnain M , Taylor Rod S , Zwisler Ann-Dorthe O 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Aims
Adapting interventions with an existing evidence base offers a more efficient approach than developing a new intervention. The aim of this study was to describe the process of adapting a home-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programme (REACH-HF) intervention originally developed in the UK for people with heart failure (HF) to the Danish health system—the ‘DK:REACH-HF’ programme.

Methods and results
We followed methodological framework for the conduct and reporting of studies adapting interventions, utilizing documentary analysis, qualitative interviews, stakeholder consultations, and mapping of the Danish policy context. Our study found broad support for the REACH-HF intervention as an alternative to existing centre-based CR. We also identified three key areas of adaptation for the Danish context. First, reduce the word count of the intervention’s resources by linking to existing publicly available CR materials. Second, while retaining REACH-HF core components, adapt its content and delivery to reflect differences between Denmark and UK. Third, develop a digital version of the intervention.

Conclusion
Using an evidence-based approach, we successfully adapted the REACH-HF intervention to the context of the Danish healthcare setting, maintaining core components of the original intervention and developing both a paper-based and digital version of the programme material. To inform scaled national implementation of the DK:REACH-HF programme, we seek to undertake a pilot study to test the adapted intervention materials feasibility and acceptability to healthcare practitioners, patients, and their caregivers and confirm the positive impact on the outcomes of HF patients and caregivers.
Association of neighbourhood walkability and haemoglobin A1c levels among Latino and non-Hispanic White patients with diabetes
Authors: Lucas Jennifer A , Marino Miguel , Giebultowicz Sophia , Dinh Dang , Datta Roopradha , Boston David , Heintzman John 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Neighbourhood walkability can benefit cardiovascular health. Latino patients are more likely than non-Hispanic White patients to have diabetes, and evidence has shown better diabetes-related outcomes for patients living in neighbourhoods conducive to physical activity. Our objective was to determine whether neighbourhood walkability was associated with haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels among English- and Spanish-preferring Latino patients compared to non-Hispanic White patients.

Methods
We used electronic health record data from patients in the OCHIN, Inc. network of community health centres (CHC) linked to public walkability data. Patients included those age ≥ 18 with ≥ 1 address recorded, with a study clinic visit from 2012 to 2020, and a type 2 diabetes diagnosis (N = 159,289). Generalized estimating equations logistic regression, adjusted for relevant covariates, was used to model the primary binary outcome of always having HbA1c &lt; 7 by language/ethnicity and walkability score.

Results
For all groups, the walkability score was not associated with higher odds and prevalence of always having HbA1c &lt; 7. Non-Hispanic White patients were most likely to have HbA1c always &lt; 7 (prevalence ranged from 32.8% [95%CI = 31.2–34.1] in the least walkable neighbourhoods to 33.4% [95% CI 34.4–34.7] in the most walkable), followed by English-preferring Latinos (28.6% [95%CI = 25.4–31.8]–30.7% [95% CI 29.0–32.3]) and Spanish-preferring Latinos (28.3% [95% CI 26.1–30.4]–29.3% [95% CI 28.2–30.3]).

Conclusions
While walkability score was not significantly associated with glycaemic control, control appeared to increase with walkability, suggesting other built environment factors, and their interaction with walkability and clinical care, may play key roles. Latino patients had a lower likelihood of HbA1c always &lt; 7, demonstrating an opportunity for equity improvements in diabetes care.
Use of infant simulators as an aid in pregnancy and parenting educational interventions for school-aged students: a scoping review
Authors: Dinh Thi Thuy Ha , Lees David B , Van Dam Pieter J , McGarry Denise Elizabeth 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Schools and school teachers often focus on content aimed at delaying sexual debut and preventing teenage pregnancy, and address the impacts of risky behaviours on infant health. Infant simulators are increasingly used in health education courses. However, it is unclear how effective this education is. In this review, we examined the evidence for the effectiveness and use of pregnancy/parenting education programmes for school-aged students using infant simulators. Infant simulators are lifelike replicas of human newborn babies that have electronic capacity to mimic a range of infant behaviours. These may include feeding, comfort needs and nappy changing. Responses to these replicated behaviours may be recorded to provide feedback of the adequacy of the response for educational purposes and provide feedback to prospective parents and caregivers. This review followed the guidelines for conducting a scoping review developed by Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). After following the process as recommended by the JBI, 32 eligible articles were selected for inclusion. Eight themes emerged from the analysis and it was found that the use of infant simulators in terms of effectiveness was not conclusive. This may be due to lack of longitudinal studies examining the impact of the education provided. Furthermore, the literature did not address innovations of infant simulators that replicate infants with particular characteristics, those with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder, shaken baby syndrome or challenges from parental substance use. Further research is required to determine the long-term impact of using infant simulators on reducing risky behaviours. Given these challenges, it is important to support initiatives for sex, pregnancy and parenting education among all students.
Calmodulin-like protein MdCML15 interacts with MdBT2 to modulate iron homeostasis in apple
Authors: Liu Xiao-Juan , Liu Xin , Zhao Qiang , Dong Yuan-Hua , Liu Qiangbo , Xue Yuan , Yao Yu-Xin , You Chun-Xiang , Kang Hui , Wang Xiao-Fei 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
BTB and TAZ domain proteins (BTs) function as specialized adaptors facilitating substrate recognition of the CUL3–RING ubiquitin ligase (CRL3) complex that targets proteins for ubiquitination in reaction to diverse pressures. Nonetheless, knowledge of the molecular mechanisms by which the apple scaffold protein MdBT2 responds to external and internal signals is limited. Here we demonstrate that a putative Ca 2+ sensor, calmodulin-like 15 (MdCML15), acts as an upstream regulator of MdBT2 to negatively modulate its functions in plasma membrane H+-ATPase regulation and iron deficiency tolerance. MdCML15 was identified to be substantially linked to MdBT2, and to result in the ubiquitination and degradation of the MdBT2 target protein MdbHLH104. Consequently, MdCML15 repressed the MdbHLH104 target, MdAHA8’s expression, reducing levels of a specific membrane H+-ATPase. Finally, the phenotype of transgenic apple plantlets and calli demonstrated that MdCML15 modulates membrane H+-ATPase-produced rhizosphere pH lowering alongside iron homeostasis through an MdCML15–MdBT2–MdbHLH104–MdAHA8 pathway. Our results provide new insights into the relationship between Ca2+ signaling and iron homeostasis.
Divining Elections: Religious Citizens’ Political Projections and Electoral Turnout in Israel and France
Authors: Overbeck Maximilian , Aharoni Tali , Baden Christian , Freedman Michael , Tenenboim-Weinblatt Keren 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
How do religious citizens’ election projections influence voter turnout? While previous studies have demonstrated the significant impact of religious orientation on individuals’ general future outlook, little is known about the influence of religion on voters’ electoral expectations and how these expectations affect voter turnout. In this paper, we employ a nuanced conceptual framework of election projections and examine the impact of religion on both the affective and probabilistic aspects of citizens’ expectations regarding election outcomes. Our analysis draws upon original panel survey data collected in two countries, focusing on the 2021 Israeli general elections and the 2022 French presidential elections. The findings reveal a mobilizing effect of religious citizens’ election projections in both Israel and France. Specifically, religious voters tend to have more positive affective forecasts about their projected election outcomes, consequently resulting in increased voter turnout. While affective forecasting plays a significant role in religious citizens’ turnout, probabilistic certitude does not have a similar effect. We discuss the contribution and implications of these findings for research on religion and political behavior.
RpoS Acts as a Global Repressor of Virulence Gene Expression in Escherichia coli O104:H4 and Enteroaggregative E coli
Authors: Berger Petya , Dumevi Rexford M , Berger Michael , Hastor Ines , Treffon Janina , Kouzel Ian U , Kehl Alexander , Scherff Natalie , Dobrindt Ulrich , Mellmann Alexander 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In 2011, in Germany, Escherichia coli O104:H4 caused the enterohemorrhagic E coli (EHEC) outbreak with the highest incidence rate of hemolytic uremic syndrome. This pathogen carries an exceptionally potent combination of EHEC- and enteroaggregative E coli (EAEC)–specific virulence factors. Here, we identified an E coli O104:H4 isolate that carried a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the start codon (ATG &gt; ATA) of rpoS, encoding the alternative sigma factor S. The rpoS ATG &gt; ATA SNP was associated with enhanced EAEC-specific virulence gene expression. Deletion of rpoS in E coli O104:H4 Δstx2 and typical EAEC resulted in a similar effect. Both rpoS ATG &gt; ATA and ΔrpoS strains exhibited stronger virulence-related phenotypes in comparison to wild type. Using promoter-reporter gene fusions, we demonstrated that wild-type RpoS repressed aggR, encoding the main regulator of EAEC virulence. In summary, our work demonstrates that RpoS acts as a global repressor of E coli O104:H4 virulence, primarily through an AggR-dependent mechanism.