bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Giant” Colloidal Quantum Well Heterostructures of CdSe@CdS Core@Shell Nanoplatelets from 9.5 to 17.5 Monolayers in Thickness Enabling Ultra‐High Gain Lasing
Authors: Isik Furkan , Delikanli Savas , Durmusoglu Emek G. , Isik Ahmet Tarik , Shabani Farzan , Baruj Hamed Dehghanpour , Demir Hilmi Volkan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSemiconductor colloidal quantum wells (CQWs) have emerged as a promising class of gain materials to be used in colloidal lasers. Although low gain thresholds are achieved, the required high gain coefficient levels are barely met for the applications of electrically‐driven lasers which entails a very thin gain matrix to avoid charge injection limitations. Here, “giant” CdSe@CdS colloidal quantum well heterostructures of 9.5 to 17.5 monolayers (ML) in total with corresponding vertical thickness from 3.0 to 5.8 nm that enable record optical gain is shown. These CQWs achieve ultra‐high material gain coefficients up to ≈140 000 cm−1, obtained by systematic variable stripe length (VSL) measurements and independently validated by transient absorption (TA) measurements, owing to their high number of states. This exceptional gain capacity is an order of magnitude higher than the best levels reported for the colloidal quantum dots. From the dispersion of these quantum wells, low threshold amplified spontaneous emission in water providing an excellent platform for optofluidic lasers is demonstrated. Also, employing these giant quantum wells, whispering gallery mode (WGM) lasing with an ultra‐low threshold of 8 µJ cm−2 is demonstrated. These findings indicate that giant CQWs offer an exceptional platform for colloidal thin‐film lasers and in‐solution lasing applications.
Vertically‐Aligned Card‐House Structure for Composite Solid Polymer Electrolyte with Fast and Stable Ion Transport Channels
Authors: Miao Xunzhi , Hong Jianhe , Huang Shuo , Ding Liye , Wang Fang , Liu Min , Zhang Quanquan , Jin Hongyun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAll‐solid‐state lithium batteries (ASSLBs) are highly promising as next‐generation energy storage devices owing to their potential for great safety and high energy density. This work demonstrates that composite solid polymer electrolyte with vertically‐aligned card‐house structure can simultaneously improve the high rate and long‐term cycling performance of ASSLBs. The vertical alignment of laponite nanosheets creates fast and uniform Li+ ion transport channels at the nanosheets/polymer interphase, resulting in high ionic conductivity of 8.9 × 10−4 S cm−1 and Li+ transference number of 0.32 at 60 °C, as well as uniformly distributed solid electrolyte interphase. Such electrolyte is characterized by high mechanical strength, low flammability, excellent structural stability and stable ion transport channels. In addition, the ASSLB cell with the electrolyte and LiFePO4 cathode delivers a high discharge specific capacity of 124.8 mAh g−1, which accounts for 85.6% of its initial capacity after 500 cycles at 1C. The reasonable design through structural control strategy by interconnecting the vertically‐aligned nanosheets open a way to fabricate high performance composite solid polymer electrolytes.
Defining the scholarship of teaching and learning (SoTL)
Authors: Gansemer‐Topf Ann M. , McCloud Laila I. , Braxton John M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSince its conception as a distinctive form of scholarship, the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning (SoTL) has evolved into a legitimized field. Despite its rapid evolution, there still exists confusion surrounding its definition and distinctions from scholarly teaching. Additionally, although it is widely recognized across many disciplines, there have been few conversations about the role of SoTL within the field of student affairs and student affairs graduate preparation programs. This article sets the foundation for this discussion. It provides an overview of the definitions and characteristics of SoTL and offers suggestions for the potential role of SoTL in student affairs.
Improving student affairs through the scholarship of practice
Authors: Braxton John M. , Gansemer‐Topf Ann M. , McCloud Laila I. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis article introduces the concept of a scholarship of practice and its potential for improving student affairs research and practice. Student affairs graduate preparation faculty members and student affairs scholar‐practitioners can engage in a scholarship of practice by using research to inform their practice and using the findings of their research to guide their own work. We focus on the notion of the scholarship of practice as a two‐way loop between practitioners to researchers and researchers back to practitioners. We apply these concepts to student affairs.
Recent Advancements on Barnyard Millet Starch: A Sustainable Alternative to Conventional Starch
Authors: Bangar Sneh Punia , Balakrishnan Gayathri , Navaf Muhammed , Sunooj Kappat Valiyapeediyekkal 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe global demand for starch has been steadily increasing, driven by various industries such as food, pharmaceuticals, and textiles. However, conventional starch sources, such as corn and wheat, are associated with significant environmental concerns and resource depletion. Therefore, there is a growing need to explore sustainable alternatives to conventional starches. Barnyard millet starch can be a promising sustainable alternative to conventional starch. The starch extracted from barnyard millet exhibits unique physicochemical properties, including high amylose content, small granule size, and good gel‐forming ability. These properties make it suitable for various industrial applications. In the food industry, it can be used as a thickening agent, stabilizer, and fat replacer in various products, including sauces, soups, bakery items, and dairy alternatives. Moreover, barnyard millet starch shows promise in the textile industry as a sizing agent and for producing biodegradable films. However, challenges related to scaling up production, processing techniques, and market acceptance must be addressed to realize the potential of barnyard millet starch fully. Embracing barnyard millet starch can contribute to a more sustainable and resource‐efficient future, reducing the ecological footprint associated with starch production. This review article focuses on the properties, modifications, functionality, and applications of barnyard starch.
Flexural strengthening of RC beams by advanced concrete canvas
Authors: Jafari Zahra , Mostofinejad Davood 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this study, concrete canvas (CC) layers were used as a novel method to strengthen reinforced concrete (RC) beams because of their flexibility, rapid installation, fast curing, and rapid strengthening. Due to the importance of the CC mechanical properties, various combinations of cement including ordinary (OPC) and High Alumina (HAC), as well as silica fume, were investigated to determine the optimal mixture for strengthening RC beams. The results indicate that substituting 75% of HAC with OPC significantly boosted flexural strength by 33%, and increased tensile strength in the warp and weft directions by 25% and 21%, respectively. The study examined six RC beam specimens in a four‐point flexural test, assessing their flexural properties, ductility, cracking behavior, and energy dissipation. The number of CC layers and the bonding method, which involved either the conventional externally bonded reinforcement (EBR) technique or the externally bonded reinforcement on grooves (EBROG) technique were studied. The experimental results revealed the superiority of the EBR method over the EBROG technique due to the uniform bond between CC and the concrete surface. Using the EBR technique, improvements of 35% and 51% were observed in the load‐carrying capacity of the beams strengthened with one and two CC layers, respectively. It is while for the beam with an improved loading capacity of 51%, the crack width decreased from 5.3 to 2.1 mm, and the energy dissipation increased by three times compared to the control specimen. Theoretical analysis also was performed to calculate the load‐carrying capacity of the RC beams strengthened with CC layers.
Capacity assessment of uncorroded and corroded dapped‐end beams by NLFE and strut‐and‐tie based methods
Authors: Belletti Beatrice , Calcavecchia Biagio , Ferretti Daniele , Ravasini Simone 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe verification of dapped‐end beams degraded by corrosion is a problem, especially for existing bridges in service. This paper proposes a nonlinear finite element (NLFE) modeling procedure and a simple strut‐and‐tie based procedure for predicting the response of dapped‐end beams subjected to chloride corrosion. Firstly, the finite element modeling strategy, based on the adoption of multilayer shell elements and the PARC_CL 2.1 crack model is described. Then, the degradation effects on concrete, rebars, and steel‐to‐concrete interaction are defined as a function of the propagation period of corrosion. In particular, the effects of corrosion on the reinforcement are modeled by applying a reduction of tensile strength that considers for both the reduction of cross‐section and the ultimate strain caused by pitting. Concrete splitting cracking due to volume expansion during rust formation is modeled by reducing the mechanical properties of concrete. Corrosion effects in steel‐to‐concrete interaction are modeled by applying a bond strength decay to the spring elements connecting corroded rebars—modeled with truss elements—and concrete multilayer shell elements. The proposed finite element procedure is used to study two scenarios based on different spatial distributions of corrosion‐prone areas. Subsequently, a simplified analytical approach based on the strut‐and‐corroded tie method—called S&CT method—is proposed and compared with the finite element outcomes. Finally, the validations of the two proposed methods are presented with respect to a corroded dapped‐end beam, showing that corrosion of rebars affects the resistance mechanisms of the dapped‐end beam, by reducing both resistance and ductility. The proposed simplified analytical S&CT method provides conservative and safe results compared to the numerical NLFE model and to experimental data.
Opioid analgesia and severity of acute pancreatitis: An international multicentre cohort study on pain management in acute pancreatitis
Authors: Pandanaboyana Sanjay , Knoph Cecilie Siggaard , Olesen Søren Schou , Jones Michael , Lucocq James , Samanta Jayanta , Talukdar Rupjyoti , Capurso Gabriele , de‐Madaria Enrique , Yadav Dhiraj , Siriwardena Ajith K. , Windsor John , Drewes Asbjørn Mohr , Nayar Manu ,   the PAINAP Collaborative
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe effect of analgesic modalities on short‐term outcomes in acute pancreatitis remains unknown. However, preclinical models have raised safety concerns regarding opioid use in patients with acute pancreatitis.ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the association between analgesics, particularly opioids, and severity and mortality in hospitalised patients with acute pancreatitis.MethodsThis prospective multicentre cohort study recruited consecutive patients admitted with a first episode of acute pancreatitis between April 1 and 30 June 2022, with a 1‐month follow‐up. Data on aetiology, clinical course, and analgesic treatment were collected. The primary outcome was the association between opioid analgesia and acute pancreatitis severity, which was analysed using univariate and multivariate analyses.ResultsAmong a total of 1768 patients, included from 118 centres across 27 countries, 1036 (59%) had opioids administered on admission day, and 167 (9%) received opioids after admission day. On univariate analysis, moderately severe or severe acute pancreatitis was associated with male sex, Asian ethnicity, alcohol aetiology, comorbidity, predicted severe acute pancreatitis, higher pain scores, longer pain duration and opioid treatment (all p < 0.001). On multivariate analysis, comorbidity, alcohol aetiology, longer pain duration and higher pain scores increased the risk of moderately severe or severe acute pancreatitis (all p < 0.001). Furthermore, opioids administered after admission day (but not on admission day) doubled the risk of moderately severe or severe disease (OR 2.07 (95% CI, 1.29–3.33); p = 0.003). Opioid treatment for 6 days or more was an independent risk factor for moderately severe or severe acute pancreatitis (OR 3.21 (95% CI, 2.16–4.79; p < 0.001). On univariate analysis, longer opioid duration was associated with mortality.ConclusionOpioid treatment increased the risk of more severe acute pancreatitis only when administered after admission day or for 6 days or more. Future randomised studies should re‐evaluate whether opioids might be safe in acute pancreatitis.
Tourism management synergies in Sub‐Saharan Africa
Authors: Asongu Simplice A. , Rahman Mushfiqur , Adu‐Gyamfi Richard , Salahodjaev Raufhon 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to assess how some governance dynamics, such as political stability and the rule of law, moderate the incidence of some macroeconomic factors (i.e., domestic investment and trade openness) on tourism development. The focus of this study is on 47 countries in sub‐Saharan Africa with data from 2002 to 2018, and the Generalized Method of Moments is employed as the empirical strategy. From the findings, synergy effects are apparent in the role of the rule of law in moderating domestic investment for tourism development in terms of tourism receipts. It follows that, for the sampled countries, promoting tourism development can be most effective if policies for enhancing domestic investment and promoting the rule of law are implemented simultaneously.
Petz recovery from subsystems in conformal field theory
Authors: Vardhan Shreya , Wei Annie Y. , Zou Yijian 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We probe the multipartite entanglement structure of the vacuum state of a CFT in 1+1 dimensions, using recovery operations that attempt to reconstruct the density matrix in some region from its reduced density matrices on smaller subregions. We use an explicit recovery channel known as the twirled Petz map, and study distance measures such as the fidelity, relative entropy, and trace distance between the original state and the recovered state. One setup we study in detail involves three contiguous intervals A, B and C on a spatial slice, where we can view these quantities as measuring correlations between A and C that are not mediated by the region B that lies between them. We show that each of the distance measures is both UV finite and independent of the operator content of the CFT, and hence depends only on the central charge and the cross-ratio of the intervals. We evaluate these universal quantities numerically using lattice simulations in critical spin chain models, and derive their analytic forms in the limit where A and C are close using the OPE expansion. In the case where A and C are far apart, we find a surprising non-commutativity of the replica trick with the OPE limit. For all values of the cross-ratio, the fidelity is strictly better than a general information-theoretic lower bound in terms of the conditional mutual information. We also compare the mutual information between various subsystems in the original and recovered states, which leads to a more qualitative understanding of the differences between them. Further, we introduce generalizations of the recovery operation to more than three adjacent intervals, for which the fidelity is again universal with respect to the operator content.
Flattening of the EFT-hedron: supersymmetric positivity bounds and the search for string theory
Authors: Berman Justin , Elvang Henriette , Herderschee Aidan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We examine universal positivity constraints on 2 → 2 scattering in 4d planar $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory with higher-derivative corrections. We present numerical evidence that the convex region of allowed Wilson coefficients (the “EFT-hedron”) flattens completely along about one-third of its dimensions when an increasing number of constraints on the spectral density from crossing-symmetry are included. Our analysis relies on the formulation of the positivity constraints as a linear optimization problem, which we implement using two numerical solvers, SDPB and CPLEX. Motivated by the flattening, we propose a novel partially resummed low-energy expansion of the 2 → 2 amplitude. As part of the analysis, we provide additional evidence in favor of the conjecture [1] that the Veneziano amplitude is the only amplitude compatible with both S-matrix bootstrap constraints and string monodromy.
The genome of Haberlea rhodopensis provides insights into the mechanisms for tolerance to multiple extreme environments
Authors: Gupta Saurabh , Petrov Veselin , Garg Vanika , Mueller-Roeber Bernd , Fernie Alisdair R. , Nikoloski Zoran , Gechev Tsanko 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHaberlea rhodopensis, a resurrection species, is the only plant known to be able to survive multiple extreme environments, including desiccation, freezing temperatures, and long-term darkness. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying tolerance to these stresses are poorly studied. Here, we present a high-quality genome of Haberlea and found that ~ 23.55% of the 44,306 genes are orphan. Comparative genomics analysis identified 89 significantly expanded gene families, of which 25 were specific to Haberlea. Moreover, we demonstrated that Haberlea preserves its resurrection potential even in prolonged complete darkness. Transcriptome profiling of plants subjected to desiccation, darkness, and low temperatures revealed both common and specific footprints of these stresses, and their combinations. For example, PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE 2C (PP2C) genes were substantially induced in all stress combinations, while PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR 1 (PIF1) and GROWTH RESPONSE FACTOR 4 (GRF4) were induced only in darkness. Additionally, 733 genes with unknown functions and three genes encoding transcription factors specific to Haberlea were specifically induced/repressed upon combination of stresses, rendering them attractive targets for future functional studies. The study provides a comprehensive understanding of the genomic architecture and reports details of the mechanisms of multi-stress tolerance of this resurrection species that will aid in developing strategies that allow crops to survive extreme and multiple abiotic stresses.
Bildgebung des vorderen Kreuzbands und der anterolateralen Rotationsinstabilität des Kniegelenks
Authors: Fritz Benjamin 
Published: March 2024

ZusammenfassungDas vordere Kreuzband (VKB) ist essenziell für die Stabilität des Kniegelenks. Die VKB-Ruptur stellt eine der häufigsten Sportverletzungen dar, mit einer hohen Inzidenz besonders bei Sportarten, die Drehbewegungen und abrupte Richtungswechsel erfordern. VKB-Verletzungen sind selten isoliert und oft von Meniskus- und anderen Kniebinnenverletzungen begleitet, die das Arthroserisiko erhöhen. Das Verletzungsspektrum des VKB umfasst Zerrungen, Teilrupturen und vollständige Rupturen. Die Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT) spielt eine zentrale Rolle in der Diagnostik, da sie nicht nur das VKB, sondern auch begleitende Verletzungen präzise darstellen kann. Protonendichte- und T2-gewichtete Sequenzen eignen sich besonders zur Beurteilung des VKB, welches in der Regel in allen Ebenen gut sichtbar und bewertbar ist. Neben der Darstellung der Faserunterbrechung als direktem Zeichen und zentralem diagnostischem Indikator einer VKB-Ruptur gibt es zahlreiche weitere direkte und indirekte Anzeichen einer VKB-Verletzung in der MRT. Dazu gehören abnormale Faserorientierungen, Signalerhöhungen sowie eine anteriore Subluxation der Tibia im Verhältnis zum Femur. Die häufig mit VKB-Rupturen assoziierten Knochenmarködeme sind oft hinweisend auf den zugrundeliegenden Verletzungsmechanismus. Die Therapie der VKB-Rupturen kann konservativ oder operativ sein, abhängig von verschiedenen Faktoren wie dem Aktivitätsniveau des Patienten und dem Vorhandensein von Begleitverletzungen. Die präzise und umfassende Beschreibung von VKB-Verletzungen durch die Radiologie ist entscheidend für die optimale Therapieplanung. Die anterolaterale Rotationsinstabilität (ALRI) des Kniegelenks kennzeichnet einen Zustand übermäßiger lateraler und rotatorischer Beweglichkeit der Tibia im Verhältnis zum Femur im anterolateralen Kniebereich. Diese Instabilität wird primär durch eine Ruptur des VKB verursacht, wobei dem vor etwa 10 Jahren wiederentdeckten anterolateralen Ligament (ALL) ebenfalls eine Rolle bei der Stabilisierung des Knies zugeschrieben wird. Obwohl die ALRI in erster Linie durch klinische Untersuchungen diagnostiziert wird, ist die MRT unerlässlich für das Erkennen von Verletzungen am VKB, ALL und anderen Kniebinnenstrukturen, was essenziell für die Entwicklung einer optimalen Behandlungsstrategie ist.
Fabrication of high-performance lens arrays for micro-concentrator photovoltaics using ultraviolet imprinting
Authors: Jost Norman , Jacobo-Martín Alejandra , Vallerotto Guido , Hernández Jaime J. , Garcia-Sanchez Almudena , Domínguez César , Rodríguez Isabel , Antón Ignacio 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMicro-concentrator photovoltaics (micro-CPV) is a cutting-edge CPV approach aimed at increasing the efficiency and reducing the cost and carbon footprint of solar electricity by downscaling concentrator solar cells and optics. The reduced size of micro-CPV provides several advantages over conventional CPV, including shorter optical paths and lower temperature and resistive losses in the cell, resulting in higher electrical efficiencies. This may increase the energy yield per area compared to conventional CPV or silicon modules. Cost reduction is achieved through material savings and the use of continuous manufacturing methods enabled by the tiny size of cells and optics, such as roll-to-roll (R2R) and roll-to-plate (R2P) ultraviolet (UV) imprinting for optics production. However, adapting these processes to large-area arrays of Fresnel micro-lenses with no wasted areas and high efficiency remains a challenge. In this study, we present a comprehensive methodology for the development of micro-CPV optics with full area coverage—from design and mastering to up-scaling, tooling, and replication. The methodology involves designing a non-rotationally symmetric elementary insert tailored to ultraviolet imprinting. Crucially, multiple inserts are originated via precision machining and recombined to form a single array master mold without wasted areas. The master is then replicated into a flexible working stamp for UV imprinting of Fresnel lens arrays, utilizing different UV curable materials. The functional characterization of the lenses demonstrates an optical efficiency of 80% at 178X under collimated white light, representing the highest effective concentration achieved using UV-imprinted Fresnel lenses. Furthermore, initial reliability tests confirm the absence of degradation during thermal cycling or outdoor exposure. This methodology paves the way for continuous high-throughput manufacturing of micro-lens arrays using R2R or R2P methods, presenting a significant step forward in micro-CPV.