bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A case report of prostate cancer with leptomeningeal metastasis and bone marrow involvement
Authors: Garousi Maryam , Mousavi Darzikolaee Nima , Faridfar Ali , Javadi Seyed Mohammadreza , Samizadeh Esmaeil , Sajadi Rad Masoumeh , Bayani Reyhaneh 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundProstate cancer is the second most common cancer in men. Central nervous system (CNS) involvement in prostate cancer which manifests as cerebral, leptomeningeal, or dural involvement is uncommon and occurs late in the course of disease.CaseA 60‐year‐old patient with castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) presented with headache and fatigue. Evaluation revealed bone marrow and leptomeningeal involvement. The patient treated by whole brain radiotherapy, leuprolide, weekly docetaxel and daily 1000 mg abiraterone. Complete blood count (CBC) and CNS symptoms improved and the patient is alive after 11 months with excellent performance status.ConclusionLeptomeningeal involvement in prostate cancer is rare and is associated with a poor prognosis but the possibility of such event should be considered in patients with new onset progressive CNS symptoms. New treatment strategies such as combination of docetaxel and abiraterone added to androgen deprivation therapy (triplet therapy) might improve outcome in these patients.
Clinical usefulness of newly developed prognostic predictive score for atezolizumab plus bevacizumab for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Ohama Hideko , Hiraoka Atsushi , Tada Toshifumi , Hirooka Masashi , Kariyama Kazuya , Hatanaka Takeshi , Tani Joji , Takaguchi Koichi , Atsukawa Masanori , Itobayashi Ei , Nishimura Takashi , Tsuji Kunihiko , Tajiri Kazuto , Ishikawa Toru , Yasuda Satoshi , Toyoda Hidenori , Fukunishi Shinya , Ogawa Chikara , Kakizaki Satoru , Shimada Noritomo , Naganuma Atsushi , Kawata Kazuhito , Kosaka Hisashi , Kuroda Hidekatsu , Matono Tomomitsu , Yata Yutaka , Ochi Hironori , Tada Fujimasa , Nouso Kazuhiro , Morishita Asahiro , Itokawa Norio , Okubo Tomomi , Arai Taeang , Tsutsui Akemi , Nagano Takuya , Yokohama Keisuke , Nishikawa Hiroki , Imai Michitaka , Koizumi Yohei , Nakamura Shinichiro , Iijima Hiroko , Kaibori Masaki , Hiasa Yoichi , Kumada Takashi ,   Representing the Real‐life Practice Experts for HCC Study Group with Hepatocellular Carcinoma experts from 48 clinics in Japan (RELPEC/HCC 48 Group)
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimsThe aim of the present study was to elucidate detailed parameters for prediction of prognosis for patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC) receiving atezolizumab plus bevacizumab (Atez/Bev) treatment.MethodsA total of 719 patients (males 577, median age 74 years) treated with Atez/Bev between September 2020 and January 2023 were enrolled. Factors related to overall survival (OS) were extracted and a prognostic scoring system based on hazard ratio (HR) was created. OS and progression‐free survival (PFS) were retrospectively examined, and the prognostic ability of the newly developed system was compared to CRAFITY score using concordance index (c‐index) and Akaike information criterion (AIC) results.ResultsCox‐hazards multivariate analysis showed BCLC classification C/D (HR 1.4; 1 point), AFP ≥100 ng/mL (HR 1.4; 1 point), mALBI 2a (HR 1.7; 1 point), mALBI 2b/3 (HR 2.8; 2 points), and DCP ≥100 mAU/mL (HR 1.6; 1 point) as significant factors. The assigned points were added and used to develop the IMmunotherapy with AFP, BCLC staging, mALBI, and DCP evaluation (IMABALI‐De) scoring system. For IMABALI‐De scores of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, OS was not applicable (NA), NA, 26.11, 18.79, 14.07, and 8.32 months, respectively (p < .001; AIC 2788.67, c‐index 0.699), while for CRAFITY scores of 0, 1, and 2, OS was 26.11, 20.29, and 11.32 months, respectively (p < .001; AIC 2864.54, c‐index 0.606). PFS periods for those IMABALI‐De scores were 21.75, 12.89, 9.18, 8.0, 5.0, and 3.75 months, respectively (p < .001; AIC 5203.32, c‐index 0.623) and for the CRAFITY scores were 10.32, 7.68, and 3.57 months, respectively (p < .001; AIC 5246.61, c‐index 0.574). As compared with CRAFITY score, IMABALI‐De score had better AIC and c‐index results for both OS and PFS.ConclusionThe present results indicated that the proposed IMABALI‐De score may be favorable for predicting prognosis of uHCC patients receiving Atez/Bev therapy.
Comprehensive Study of Ti and Ta Co‐Doping in Ni‐Rich Cathode Material LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 Towards Improving the Electrochemical Performance
Authors: Kumar Deepak , Ramesha K. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractLayered Ni‐rich oxides (LiNi1−x−yCoxMnyO2) cathode materials are of current interest in high‐energy‐demanding applications, such as electric vehicles because of high discharge capacity and high intercalation potential. Here, the effect of co‐doping a small amount of Ti and Ta on the crystal structure, morphology, and electrochemical properties of high Ni‐rich cathode material LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1−x−yTixTayO2 (0.0≤x+y≤0.2) was systematically investigated. This work demonstrates that an optimum level of Ti and Ta doping is beneficial towards enhancing electrochemical performance. The optimal Ti4+ and Ta5+ co‐doped cathode LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.09Ti0.005Ta0.005O2 exhibits a superior initial discharge capacity of 161.1 mAh g−1 at 1 C, and excellent capacity retention of 87.1 % after 250 cycles, compared to the pristine sample that exhibits only 59.8 % capacity retention. Moreover, the lithium‐ion diffusion coefficients for the co‐doped cathode after the 3rd and 50th cycles are 9.9×10−10 cm2 s−1 and 9.3×10−10 cm2 s−1 respectively, which is higher than that of the pristine cathode (3.3×10−10 cm2 s−1 and 2.5×10−10 cm2 s−1 respectively). Based on these studies, we conclude that Ti and Ta co‐doping enhances structural stability by mitigating irreversible phase transformation, improving Li‐ion kinetics by expanding interlayer spacing, and nanosizing primary particles, thereby stabilizing high‐nickel cathode materials and significantly enhancing cyclability.
Metal Organic Frameworks as Polysulfide Reaction Modulators for Lithium Sulfur Batteries: Advances and Perspectives
Authors: Fan Xuliang , Zhang You , Peng Ruosi , Liang Zheng , Zhou Xunfu , Luo Xiaonan , Chen Rong , Li Ping , Yu Dingshan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCurrently, lithium sulfur (Li−S) battery with high theoretical energy density has attracted great research interest. However, the diffusion and loss process of intermediate lithium polysulfide during charge‐discharge hindered the application of the Li−S battery in modern life. To overcome this issue, metal organic frameworks (MOFs) and their composites have been regarded as effective additions to restrain the LiPS diffusion process for Li−S battery. Benefiting from the unique structure with rich active sites to adsorb LiPS and accelerate the LiPS redox, the Li−S batteries with MOFs modified exhibit superior electrochemical performance. Considering the rapid development of MOFs in Li−S battery, this review summarizes the recent studies of MOFs and their composites as the sulfur host materials, functional interlayer, separator coating layer, and separator/solid electrolyte for Li−S batteries in detail. In addition, the promising design strategies of functional MOF materials are proposed to improve the electrochemical performance of Li−S battery.
Fine needle aspiration biopsy in low‐ and middle‐income countries
Authors: Khorsandi Nikka , Balassanian Ron , Vohra Poonam 
Published: April 2024

AbstractFine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMIC), can provide minimally invasive, cost‐effective tissue diagnosis with rapid assessment and specimen triage, which is advantageous in these resource‐limited settings. Nevertheless, challenges such as equipment shortages, reagents, and lack of trained personnel exist. This article discusses the effectiveness of FNAB for diagnosis of malignant and inflammatory conditions across various organs, such as lymph nodes, breast, soft tissue, and thyroid and advocates for increased training opportunities and collaboration with academic centers to enhance diagnostic accuracy and access to pathology services.
Long‐Term Heat‐Storage Ceramics based on Zr‐Substituted λ‐Ti3O5
Authors: Otake Tomu , Wang Lidong , Jia Fangda , Yoshikiyo Marie , Kawakami Koutarou , Namai Asuka , Tokoro Hiroko , Ohkoshi Shin‐ichi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHeat‐storage materials are important for energy saving to protect the environment. Here, we show a long‐term heat‐storage material based on zirconium‐substituted lambda‐trititanium‐pentoxide (λ‐ZrxTi3−xO5, 0 < x≤0.06). λ‐ZrxTi3−xO5 exhibits a phase transition to zirconium‐substituted beta‐trititanium‐pentoxide (β‐ZrxTi3−xO5) upon application of pressure. The transition pressures were 600 MPa (x=0.04) and about 1 GPa (x=0.06). When the pressure‐produced β‐phase is heated, the β‐phase returns to λ‐phase. The phase transition temperatures (i. e., heat‐storage temperatures) were 185 °C (458 K) and 183 °C (453 K) for x=0.04 and 0.06, respectively. These heat‐storage temperatures are suitable for the reuse of low‐temperature industrial waste heat, which is considered to be a difficult temperature region to be efficiently collected and reused. The present pressure‐sensitive heat‐storage ceramic, which can store the latent heat energy for a prolonged period, is effective for the sustainable reuse of heat energy that are wasted in power plants and industrial factories.
Neurotensin receptor‐1 antagonist SR48692 modulation of high‐fat diet–induced pathogenesis of NAFLD in mice
Authors: Pal Himanshu , Verma Pradeep , Mohanty Banalata 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the efficacy of the antagonist of neurotensin receptor‐1 (NTSR1) SR48692 in modulating the high‐fat diet (HFD)‐induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). HFD increases NTS secretion, which enhances fat absorption from the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) via receptors NTSR1/NTSR2/NTSR3. Absorbed fat from the GIT via hepatic‐portal system reaches the liver, where it gets accumulated to cause NAFLD. Swiss albino mice (8 weeks) were maintained in two batches fed standard diet (SD) and HFD for 4 weeks, then divided into six groups: Group I (SD) and Group II (HFD) administered intraperitoneally 0.9% saline (vehicle), Group III: low dose of antagonist (100 µg kg−1 bw: HFD+SR48692L), Group IV: high dose (400 µg kg−1 bw: HFD+SR48692H), Group V (SD+SR48692L), and Group VI (SD+SR48692H). SR48692L treatment in HFD‐fed mice showed partial efficacy in preventing lipid absorption and reducing oxidative stress, as reflected in histology and plasma transaminases. Contrarily, with SR48692H dose, the effects were detrimental. Involvement of other signaling pathways (NTS‐NTSR2, NTS‐NTSR3) in lipid absorption might be the reason of partial efficacy. The adverse effects with the SR48692H might be due to the differential dose–response effect of the antagonist.Practical Application: HFD‐induced hyperlipidemia and NAFLD are linked to enhanced NTS secretion. As NTS enhances fat absorption, blocking its receptors with antagonists might provide efficacy against HFD‐induced NAFLD. This study with NTSR1 antagonist SR48692 provides some evidence of its in preventing hyperlipidemia; further studies targeting other receptors (NTSR2, NTSR3) are essential for understanding the therapeutic efficacy of the NTS antagonists for NAFLD.
Caffeic acid does not protect human pancreatic β cells against stearic acid‐induced ER stress and apoptosis
Authors: Šrámek Jan , Němcová Vlasta , Kovář Jan , Pavlíková Nela 
Published: April 2024

AbstractLong‐term elevation of saturated fatty acids in blood has a deleterious effect on pancreatic β‐cell function and survival, leading to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and apoptosis. This fundamentally contributes to type 2 diabetes development. Caffeic acid (CA) was found to protect various cell types against several proapoptotic stimuli, including fatty acids. However, its potential protective effect against fatty acid‐induced apoptosis was not ascertained in pancreatic β cells yet. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine this in the human pancreatic β‐cell lines NES2Y and 1.1B4. In both cell lines, CA did not modify the effect of saturated stearic acid (SA) on β‐cell growth and viability. At higher concentrations, CA significantly even intensified the adverse effect of SA. Consistent with this, CA did not exhibit any inhibitory effect on SA‐induced markers of ongoing apoptosis as well as ER stress. At higher concentrations, CA again slightly potentiated the effect of SA. CA applied alone was well tolerated up to 1 mM; however, at higher concentrations, it had detrimental effects in both cell lines. To conclude, we have shown that the treatment with caffeic acid has no inhibitory effect on SA‐induced ER stress and apoptosis in the human pancreatic β cells. Moreover, at higher concentrations, CA has proapoptotic potential.Practical applications: Caffeic acid exhibits a protective effect against saturated fatty acids in human hepatocytes. However, our data obtained with human β‐cell lines suggest that the potential usage of caffeic acid as a dietary component for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, developed with the contribution of saturated fatty acid‐induced apoptosis of β cells, seems rather unlikely.
Efficient Copper‐Free Sonogashira Coupling in Water and under Ambient Atmosphere
Authors: Ghiglietti Erika , Incarbone Elena Aurora , Mattiello Sara , Beverina Luca 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSonogashira coupling is one of the cornerstone Palladium mediated cross coupling reactions, giving a direct and high yield access to symmetric and non‐symmetric alkynes with high tolerance of substituents. The method generally requires the use of CuI as a cocatalyst, an inert atmosphere to protect palladium catalyst, somewhat harsh conditions like prolonged heating and the use of organic solvents due to the hydrophobicity of reagents and products. Leveraging on the opportunities offered by micellar catalysis, we here present a general methodology to perform Sonogashira coupling in water, with moderate or no heating, under air, without copper co‐catalysts and at very low catalyst loading. The method offers the same generality and scope of organic solvents based couplings, but strongly improves sustainability while offering excellent yields.
Low‐Impact Synthesis of γ‐Lactones through Photoinduced Baeyer‐Villiger Oxidation of Cyclic Ketones
Authors: Cabua Maria Chiara , Velichko Viktoria , Pilia Luca , Moi Davide , Secci Francesco 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA photocatalyzed oxidation of functionalized cyclobutanones to access γ‐lactones has been performed in acetonitrile at room temperature, using anthraquinone derivatives as catalysts in the presence of TFA. The best reaction results were obtained by using 3 mol % of 9,10‐anthraquinone as a catalyst under 370 nm irradiation in an O2 environment. The scope and the limitations of this reaction have been investigated using both 2‐ and 3‐substituted cyclobutanones, as well as enantiopure ketones, to obtain full preservation of their stereochemical identity after the oxidation. The process furnishes in most cases the desired compounds with high purity after catalyst removal by simple filtration, and reducing the production of solvents waste.
A 121‐ka record of Western Andean fluvial response to suborbital climate cycles recorded by rhythmic grain size variations of the Lima fluvial fan
Authors: Viveen Willem , Sanjurjo‐Sanchez Jorge , Bravo‐Lembcke Gustavo , Uribe‐Ventura Rodrigo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA complete, fluvial stratigraphic record for the last glacial period of the Western Andes in Peru is not available due to preservation issues and spatial variability in sedimentation. Deposits are typically restricted to incomplete records of fluvial terraces or localised occurrences of alluvial fans and landslides. These landforms are thought to have formed under a regime of climate cyclicity controlling increases in precipitation. Because of the fragmented preservation of these deposits, as well as dating uncertainties, it remains unclear if orbital climate cycles, such as the precession cycle, or suborbital cycles, such as the wet Heinrich events, are driving Andean sedimentation. In this paper, we try to answer this question through a sedimentological–stratigraphical analysis of a much more complete sedimentary sequence than usually found in the region. We present the results of a grain size analysis of 5000 clasts and 13 new luminescence ages of a 52‐m‐long, stratigraphic section of the Lima fluvial fan in Peru. Bayesian age–depth modelling resulted in a robust chronostratigraphic framework and derived sedimentation rates. The stratigraphic record registered sedimentation from 121.7 ± 4 to
ka. Three major sedimentation periods occurred between 121.7 to
, 87 ± 1 to
, and
to
ka. These periods registered various unconformities and coarsening–fining upward sequences which chronologically correlate to suborbital pluvial periods, recognised from speleothems and lake records, that drove fluvial deposition. They also correlate with the timing of other recognised sedimentation events throughout the Western Andes. Marine regression resulted in fan progradation and not in incision. The Lima fan stratigraphy represents therefore the most complete, last glacial fluvial record for the Peruvian Western Andes to date and it highlights the potential of fluvial fans as recorders of suborbital climate variability.
Chemical compatibility of solid oxide fuel cell air electrode Pr4Ni3O10±δ with commercial electrolytes
Authors: Tagarelli V. E. , Vega‐Castillo J. , Montenegro‐Hernández A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe chemical reactivity between Pr4Ni3O10±δ (3‐PNO) electrodes and Y0.08Zr0.92O1.96 (YSZ), Ce0.9Gd0.1O1.95 (GDC), and La0.9Sr0.1Ga0.8Mg0.2O2.85 (LSGM) electrolytes was analyzed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and X‐ray diffraction. 3‐PNO powders were synthesized by two different chemical routes, one of them uses hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA) as a complexing agent (route A) while the other citrates (route B). The samples observed by scanning electron microscopy presented different microstructures; route A powders present small submicronic grains with an open microstructure while route B powders are formed by larger well‐connected grains. The polarization resistance (RP) values for 3‐PNO/YSZ cells are one order of magnitude higher than those of 3‐PNO/GDC and 3‐PNO/LSGM cells. The RP for both cells 3‐PNO/GDC and 3‐PNO/LSGM and its evolution in time suggest that chemical reactivity takes place during the adhesion treatment and electrochemical measurements. The microstructure plays a crucial role in RP and the degradation rate; 3‐PNO obtained by route A (3‐PNO‐HMTA) exhibits the best electrochemical performance since these powders present a well‐loose morphology and a large exposed area. However, this fact makes them active chemically, so the increase of RP with time is slower for 3‐PNO electrodes prepared by route B (3‐PNO‐Cit), since the rate of chemical reactivity with the electrolyte is slower.
Why all clinical guideline recommendations are ‘Conditional’
Authors: Wyer Peter C. , Gabbay John , Suh Edward H. 
Published: April 2024

Highlights

The impact of clinical guidelines on practitioner behaviour and clinical care remains in doubt.
The acceptability of a 5‐ or 10‐year delay in producing a ‘strong’ clinically important recommendation is unlikely to hold.
Practitioners think holistically, in contrast to the analytical thinking that characterizes clinical research.
Rapidly accessible, flexible, ‘knowledge‐in‐practice‐in‐context’ cannot be simply replaced by a focused piece of new research or guideline.
Risk factors for nonresponse to 2 years of denosumab administration in patients with osteoporosis: A retrospective single‐center cohorts study
Authors: Yamamoto Akiko , Nagao Masashi , Nishizaki Yuji , Maeda Eri , Ishijima Muneaki 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsTo investigate the factors associated with changes in bone mineral density (BMD) and the incidence of fractures in osteoporotic patients treated with denosumab.MethodsThis retrospective study included 162 osteoporotic patients treated with denosumab for 24 months between 2013 and 2019. Patients were divided according to the changes in BMD as nonresponders (NL group: <3% increase in lumbar spine BMD [LBMD], NH group: <0% increase in femoral neck BMD [FNBMD]) or responders (RL group: ≥3% increase in LBMD, RH group: ≥0% increase in FNBMD).ResultsThe respective changes in the LBMD and FNBMD after 24 months of denosumab treatment were 9.3% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 8.1–10.6) and 3.3% (95% CI: 2.1–4.5). Twenty‐eight (17.3%) patients were in the NL group, and 134 (82.7%) were in the RL group. A history of bisphosphonate treatment was a risk factor for being in the NL group (odds ratio [OR]: 3.84, 95% CI: 1.38–10.71, p = 0.007; adjusted OR: 3.21, 95% CI: 1.01–10.19, p = 0.048). Although the NH (n = 48; 30.8%) and RH (n = 108; 69.2%) groups had similar baseline characteristics, the NH group had a significantly higher baseline FNBMD than the RH group (p = 0.003). The change in FNBMD was negatively associated with the FNBMD at baseline (r = −0.34, p < 0.001). No new osteoporotic fractures occurred in either group during follow‐up.ConclusionIn osteoporotic patients receiving denosumab treatment, a history of bisphosphonate treatment was a risk factor for a lack of increase in LBMD, and a higher FNBMD at baseline was negatively associated with the change in FNBMD.
Construction and experimental validation of a novel ferroptosis‐related gene signature for myelodysplastic syndromes
Authors: Zhu Yidong , He Jun , Wei Rong , Liu Jun 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundMyelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are clonal hematopoietic disorders characterized by morphological abnormalities and peripheral blood cytopenias, carrying a risk of progression to acute myeloid leukemia. Although ferroptosis is a promising target for MDS treatment, the specific roles of ferroptosis‐related genes (FRGs) in MDS diagnosis have not been elucidated.MethodsMDS‐related microarray data were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. A comprehensive analysis of FRG expression levels in patients with MDS and controls was conducted, followed by the use of multiple machine learning methods to establish prediction models. The predictive ability of the optimal model was evaluated using nomogram analysis and an external data set. Functional analysis was applied to explore the underlying mechanisms. The mRNA levels of the model genes were verified in MDS clinical samples by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR).ResultsThe extreme gradient boosting model demonstrated the best performance, leading to the identification of a panel of six signature genes: SREBF1, PTPN6, PARP9, MAP3K11, MDM4, and EZH2. Receiver operating characteristic curves indicated that the model exhibited high accuracy in predicting MDS diagnosis, with area under the curve values of 0.989 and 0.962 for the training and validation cohorts, respectively. Functional analysis revealed significant associations between these genes and the infiltrating immune cells. The expression levels of these genes were successfully verified in MDS clinical samples.ConclusionOur study is the first to identify a novel model using FRGs to predict the risk of developing MDS. FRGs may be implicated in MDS pathogenesis through immune‐related pathways. These findings highlight the intricate correlation between ferroptosis and MDS, offering insights that may aid in identifying potential therapeutic targets for this debilitating disorder.