bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inhibitory effects of the aqueous extract of Magnolia officinalis on the responses of human urinary bladder cancer 5637 cells in vitro and mouse urinary bladder tumors induced by N‐Butyl‐N‐(4‐hydroxybutyl) nitrosamine in vivo
Authors: Lee Se‐Jung , Cho Young‐Hwa , Park Keerang , Kim Eun‐Jung , Kang Bong‐Su , Jung Kyung‐Hwan , Kim Cheorl‐Ho , Kim Wun‐Jae , Moon Sung‐Kwon 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThis study investigated the anticancer activity of Magnolia officinalis on urinary bladder cancer in vitro and in vivo, and elucidated the mechanism of its activity. An aqueous extract of M. officinalis inhibited cell viability and DNA synthesis in cultured human urinary bladder cancer 5637 cells. Inhibition of proliferation was the result of apoptotic induction, because FACS analyses of 5637 cells treated with M. officinalis showed a sub‐G1 phase accumulation. M. officinalis extract also increased cytoplasmic DNA–histone complex dose‐dependently. These inhibitory effects were associated with the upregulation of proapoptotic molecules Bax, cytochrome c and caspase 3. Treatment of 5637 cells with M. officinalis extract suppressed the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP‐2) and MMP‐9, as revealed by zymographic and immunoblot analyses. When M. officinalis extract was given to mice simultaneously with the carcinogen N‐butyl‐N‐(4‐hydroxybutyl) nitrosamine, which induces urinary bladder tumors, the size of the induced tumors was smaller. Finally, histological data indicated that the histological grade of carcinoma and the depth of invasion were dramatically decreased by treatment with M. officinalis extract in mice with N‐butyl‐N‐(4‐hydroxybutyl) nitrosamine‐induced urinary bladder tumors. In conclusion, the findings showed that M. officinalis extract exhibited potential chemopreventive activity against urinary bladder tumor in vitro and in vivo. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
In vitro anti‐adhesive activity of green tea extract against pathogen adhesion
Authors: Lee Ji‐Hye , Shim Jin Sun , Chung Mi‐Sook , Lim Seung‐Taik , Kim Kyung Hyun 
Published: December 2008

AbstractCamellia sinensis polysaccharide has been reported to possess anti‐adhesive activity against pathogens. The present study was designed to investigate whether hot water extracts obtained from green tea leaves might inhibit pathogen adhesion to human or mouse cell lines. Green tea extract‐4 (CSI‐4) with the maximum yield of 4% (w/v) is composed of a major proportion of carbohydrates containing 40% uronic acids, but lack of catechins. It showed strong inhibitory activities against hemagglutination mediated by pathogens Helicobacter pylori, Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus aureus with the minimum inhibitory concentrations of 0.01‐0.5 mg/mL. CSI‐4 further demonstrated an inhibitory effect on the adhesion of these pathogens to host cell lines with the IC50 values (50% inhibition of adhesion) of 0.14–2.3 mg/mL. It exhibited the highest activity against P. acnes, but no inhibitory effects were observed against Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Escherichia coli, or Staphylococcus epidermidis. Our results suggest that CSI‐4 may exert a selective anti‐adhesive effect against certain pathogenic bacteria with no adverse effects against beneficial or commensal bacteria. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bioassay‐guided separation of citreorosein and other oestrogenic compounds From Polygonum cuspidatum
Authors: Zhang Caining , Wang Xuman , Zhang Xiaozhe , Zhang Yan , Xiao Hongbin , Liang Xinmiao 
Published: December 2008

AbstractCitreorosein was isolated from P. cuspidatum as a new oestrogenic compound, together with emodin and its glucoside, by silica gel column chromatography and preparative high‐performance liquid chromatography sequentially. Oestrogenic activity was determined by a recombinant yeast assay. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Complement‐fixing activity of fulvic acid from Shilajit and other natural sources
Authors: Schepetkin Igor A. , Xie Gang , Jutila Mark A. , Quinn Mark T. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractShilajit has been used traditionally in folk medicine for the treatment of a variety of disorders, including syndromes involving excessive complement activation. Extracts of Shilajit contain significant amounts of fulvic acid (FA), and it has been suggested that FA is responsible for many therapeutic properties of Shilajit. However, little is known regarding the physical and chemical properties of Shilajit extracts, and nothing is known about their effects on the complement system. To address this issue, extracts of commercial Shilajit were fractionated using anion exchange and size‐exclusion chromatography. One neutral (S‐I) and two acidic (S‐II and S‐III) fractions were isolated, characterized and compared with standardized FA samples. The most abundant fraction (S‐II) was further fractionated into three sub‐fractions (S‐II‐1 to S‐II‐3). The van Krevelen diagram showed that the Shilajit fractions are the products of polysaccharide degradation, and all fractions, except S‐II‐3, contained type II arabinogalactan. All Shilajit fractions exhibited dose‐dependent complement‐fixing activity in vitro with high potency. Furthermore, a strong correlation was found between the complement‐fixing activity and carboxylic group content in the Shilajit fractions and other FA sources. These data provide a molecular basis to explain at least part of the beneficial therapeutic properties of Shilajit and other humic extracts. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of yeast hydrolysate on neuropeptide Y (NPY) and tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) immunoreactivity in rats
Authors: Jung Eun Young , Kang Duk Ho , Suh Hyung Joo , Chang Un‐Jae 
Published: December 2008

AbstractTo investigate the appetite regulation mechanism of low and high molecular weight yeast hydrolysate, neuropeptide Y (NPY) and tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) expressions were analyzed in the brains on rats using immunohistochemical method; normal diet (control), 0.1 g/kg (BY‐1) or 1.0 g/kg (BY‐2) of yeast hydrolysate below 10 kDa, 0.1 g/kg (AY‐1) or 1.0 g/kg (AY‐2) of yeast hydrolysate of 10–30 kDa. Body weight gain was lower in the BY‐2 (133.0 g) than in the control (150.1 g) (p < 0.05). Triacylglyceride, total cholesterol, and LDL‐cholesterol levels were lower in the BY‐2 as compared to control, BY‐1 and AY‐2 (p < 0.05). NPY staining intensities at paraventricular nucleus (PVN) were lower in the BY groups (BY‐1: 96.1, BY‐2: 88.6) as compared to the control (105.6) and AY groups (AY‐1: 110.5, AY‐2: 114.1) (p < 0.05). NPY expression at lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) was lower in the BY‐2 (92.3) than in the control (98.9) (p < 0.05). The BY groups (BY‐1: 143.9, BY‐2: 154.6) had higher TPH staining intensities at dorsal raphe (DR) than the AY‐2 (115.9) (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the results indicate that administering yeast hydrolysate of below 10 kDa to normal diet‐fed rats reduced body weight gain and serum lipids by altering NPY and TPH expressions. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Soy‐diet has beneficial effects on cardiovascular parameters that are independent of its lipid effect in male hypercholesterolemic rats
Authors: Fatehi M. , Farrokhfall K. , Davoudi S. , Collins T. M. , Fatehi‐Hassanabad Z. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractDiet‐induced atherosclerosis is lower in animals fed soy protein. The effects of various soy components have been extensively studied; however, little is known about the effect of crude soybean feeding on hypercholesterolemia‐induced cardiovascular changes. This study investigated the effect of soy feeding on cardiovascular parameters in hypercholesterolemic male rats. Total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), and triglyceride (TG) were measured. Rats were randomly assigned to control, high cholesterol (HC, 2% cholesterol) or HC + soy (HC+S) diets. In the HC+S group, rats received HC diet for 10 weeks followed by 2 weeks of soybean feeding. Arterial blood pressure, TC, TG, LDL and HDL were measured. TC, TG and LDL were higher in HC rats and were not significantly reduced by soybean feeding. Soy feeding reversed the HC‐induced increase in arterial blood pressure and also restored the impaired vascular responses to acetylcholine in isolated aortic rings. Pre‐incubation of HC+S aortic rings with L‐NAME (10−5 M for 20 min) partially reduced the effects of soy on acetylcholine responses, indicating that the beneficial vascular effects of dietary soy are partially mediated via nitric oxide pathway. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The effects of methanol extract of Lobaria pulmonaria, a lichen species, on indometacin‐induced gastric mucosal damage, oxidative stress and neutrophil infiltration
Authors: Karakus Basak , Odabasoglu Fehmi , Cakir Ahmet , Halici Zekai , Bayir Yasin , Halici Mesut , Aslan Ali , Suleyman Halis 
Published: December 2008

AbstractLobaria pulmonaria, a lichen species, has been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases. This study was designed to determine the gastroprotective effect of the methanol extract of L. pulmonaria in an indometacin‐induced ulcer model in rats. The results showed that gastric lesions were significantly reduced in a dose‐dependent manner. Furthermore, the administration of indometacin caused a significant decrease in the levels of superoxide, glutathione peroxidase and reduced glutathione and an increase in the lipid peroxidation level. Administration of the lichen extract, however, produced an increase in the levels of these enzymes and a decrease in lipid peroxidation levels, although catalase and myeloperoxidase levels were unaffected. The present results suggested that Lobaria pulmonaria has a gastroprotective effect, probably due to reducing oxidative stress and neutrophil infiltration. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ganoderma lucidum extract attenuates the proliferation of hepatic stellate cells by blocking the PDGF receptor
Authors: Wang Guei‐Jane , Huang Yeh‐Jeng , Chen Deng‐Hai , Lin Yun‐Lian 
Published: December 2008

AbstractHepatic fibrosis is an outcome of chronic liver diseases. The activation and proliferation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) is a key event in liver injury. The fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum has long been a popular oriental medicine for treating liver diseases. The aim of this present study was to investigate the antiproliferative effects of the triterpenoid‐rich extract (GLT) of G. lucidum in a cell line of rat HSCs (HSC‐T6) stimulated with platelet‐derived growth factor (PDGF)‐BB. DNA synthesis was investigated by bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation. Flow cytometry using propidium iodide (PI) labeling was carried out to analyse the cell cycle distribution and apoptosis. α‐Smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA) was used to evaluate extracellular matrix deposition, and western blotting was performed to measure cyclins D1 and D2, and phosphorylation of the PDGFβ‐receptor (PDGFβR), Akt and JNK. The results indicated that the GLT attenuated BrdU incorporation in a concentration‐dependent manner with an IC50 of 8.52 ± 0.33 µg/mL. The inhibitory effect of the GLT was associated with downregulation of cyclins D1 and D2, and PDGFβR and Akt phosphorylation, upregulation of JNK phosphorylation, and a reduction in α‐SMA expression. These results indicated that G. lucidum inhibits PDGF‐BB‐activated HSC proliferation possibly through blocking PDGFβR phosphorylation, thereby indicating its efficacy for preventing and treating hepatic fibrosis. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Antihyperglycemic and antioxidative effects of a herbal formulation of Radix Astragali, Radix Codonopsis and Cortex Lycii in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Chan Judy Yuet‐Wa , Lam Fung‐Chun , Leung Ping‐Chung , Che Chun‐Tao , Fung Kwok‐Pui 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThere is emerging evidence that the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which leads to dysfunction of pancreatic β‐cells, is a major factor in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Antioxidation is one of the therapeutic strategies to overwhelm the imbalance in ROS production. In this study, a herbal formulation SR10, comprising Radix Astragali, Radix Codonopsis and Cortex Lycii, was examined for its antidiabetic and antioxidative effects using the diabetic +db/+db mouse model. The results showed that SR10 was effective in decreasing the blood glucose level in chronic treatment by improving β‐cell function. The activities and expression of antioxidant enzymes, catalase and superoxide dismutase, were up‐regulated when treated with SR10. Moreover, SR10 treatment did not exhibit any toxic effect to the host. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Coronary vasodilator activity of vulgarenol, a sesquiterpene isolated from Magnolia grandiflora, and its possible mechanism
Authors: Valle‐Mondragón L. del , Tenorio‐López F. A. , Torres‐Narváez J. C. , Zarco‐Olvera G. , Pastelín‐Hernández G. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the biodynamic effects of vulgarenol, a sesquiterpene isolated from Magnolia grandiflora flower petals and its possible mechanism on the Langendorff isolated and perfused heart model. Vulgarenol (5 µm) caused a statistically significant decrease in coronary vascular resistance (15.21 ± 6.00 dyn s cm−5 vs 36.80 ± 5.01 dyn s cm−5, control group), increased nitric oxide release (223.01 ± 8.76 pmol/mL vs 61.00 ± 12.00 pmol/mL, control group) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate accumulation in left ventricular tissue samples (142.17 ± 8.41 pmol/mg of tissue vs 43.94 ± 5.00 pmol/mg of tissue, control group). Pre‐treatment with 3 µm gadolinium chloride hexahydrate, 100 µm Nω‐nitro‐l‐arginine methyl ester hydrochloride, and 10 µm 1H‐[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,2‐a]quinoxalin‐1‐one significantly abolished the vulgarenol‐induced coronary vascular resistance decrease, nitric oxide increased release and cGMP accumulation in left ventricular tissue samples. The results support the fact that nitric oxide and cyclic guanosine monophosphate are likely involved in the endothelium‐dependent coronary vasodilation. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Angiogenic effect of saponin extract from Panax notoginseng on HUVECs in vitro and zebrafish in vivo
Authors: Hong Si‐Jia , Wan Jian‐Bo , Zhang Yi , Hu Guang , Lin Hui‐Chao , Seto Sai Wang , Kwan Yiu‐Wa , Lin Zhi‐Xiu , Wang Yi‐Tao , Lee Simon Ming‐Yuen 
Published: December 2008

AbstractAngiogenesis plays an important role in a wide range of physiological processes such as wound healing and fetal development. In fact, many diseases are associated with imbalance in the regulation of angiogenesis in which there is either excessive or insufficient blood vessel formation. Panax notoginseng, a blood circulation invigorating herb, is commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat circulation‐related diseases. However, the biological effects of saponin extract from Panax notoginseng (PNS) on angiogenesis and the underlying mechanisms are yet to be fully elucidated. This investigation describes the angiogenic effects of PNS on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in vitro and zebrafish in vivo. The 2,3‐bis(2‐methoxy‐4‐nitro‐5‐sulfophenyl)5[(phenylamino)carbonyl]2H‐tetrazolium hydroxide (XTT) assay and microscopic cell counting demonstrated that the extract was able to stimulate the proliferation of HUVECs. Meanwhile, the numbers of invaded cells and tube branches were significantly increased in PNS treatment groups. PNS was also shown to promote changes in the subintestinal vessels, a feature of angiogenesis, in zebrafish. In addition, by using real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), PNS was found to enhance vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and kinase‐domain region/fetal liver kinase‐1 in mice (KDR/Flk‐1) mRNA expression, and the PNS‐induced HUVECs proliferation could be abolished by a KDR/Flk‐1 inhibitor. Furthermore, the proliferation of HUVECs induced by PNS was significantly attenuated by inhibitors of PI3K‐Akt‐eNOS. All the results suggest that PNS can promote angiogenesis, and that the proangiogenic effects involve the VEGF‐KDR/Flk‐1 and PI3K‐Akt‐eNOS signaling pathways. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of adlay (Coix lachryma‐jobiL. var.ma‐yuenStapf.) hull extracts on testosterone release from rat Leydig cells
Authors: Hsia Shih‐Min , Tseng Yi‐Wen , Wang Shyi‐Wu , Kuo Yueh‐Hsiung , Huang Din‐Wen , Wang Paulus S. , Chiang Wenchang 
Published: December 2008

AbstractAdlay has been used as a traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of many diseases. However, few studies have reported the effects of adlay seeds on the endocrine system. In the present study, the effects of methanol extracts of adlay hull (AHM) on testosterone synthesis were studied. Rat Leydig cells were incubated with different reagents including human chorionic gonadotropin, 8‐bromo‐adenosine‐3′,5′‐cyclic monophosphate, forskolin, A23187, progesterone and androstenedione in the presence or absence of AHM. The rat anterior pituitary (AP) gland was treated with gonadotropin‐releasing hormone (GnRH)in vitroin the presence or absence of AHM, and the concentrations of luteinizing hormone (LH) in the media were measured. AHM decreased testosterone release via the inhibition of (1) the PKA and PKC signal transduction pathways, (2) 17β‐HSD enzyme activity in rat Leydig cells, and (3)in vitroGnRH‐induced LH secretion. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Trifolium L. – A review on its phytochemical and pharmacological profile
Authors: Sabudak Temine , Guler Necmettin 
Published: December 2008

AbstractPlants from the genus Trifolium have been used in traditional medicine by many cultures. In Turkish folk medicine, for example, some Trifolium species are used for their expectorant, analgesic, antiseptic properties and also to treat rheumatic aches. Some species are also grown as pasture crops for animals in the Mediterranean. The high quercetin concentration and soyasaponin occurrence make the seeds of some Trifolium species a potential source of health beneficial phytochemicals for use in human nutrition. However, Trifolium pratense has also gained popularity due to research into its use for the treatment for menopausal symptoms. This paper provides an overview of the phytochemical and pharmacological profile of Trifolium species. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Vitex agnus castus as prophylaxis for osteopenia after orchidectomy in rats compared with estradiol and testosterone supplementation
Authors: Sehmisch S. , Boeckhoff J. , Wille J. , Seidlova‐Wuttke D. , Rack T. , Tezval M. , Wuttke W. , Stuermer K. M. , Stuermer E. K. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractOsteoporosis research undertaken in males is rare and there are only a few therapeutic options. Phytoestrogens might be a safe alternative for prophylaxis. Sixty 3‐month‐old male rats were orchidectomized and divided into five groups. The groups either received soy‐free food (C), estradiol (E), testosterone (T) or Vitex agnus castus in different concentrations (AC high/AC low) for 12 weeks. The tibia metaphysis was tested biomechanically and histomorphometrically.The AC high group reached 87% of the biomechanical values of the estradiol group and was significantly superior to the control group. Testosterone supplementation resulted in poor biomechanical properties. The cortical bone parameters of the AC group were similar to the control group, while supplementation with estradiol and testosterone demonstrated a reduction of cortical bone. The AC high group reached 88.4% of trabecular bone area, 80.7% of trabecular number and 66.9% of the number of trabecular nodes compared with estradiol supplementation.Vitex agnus castus demonstrated osteoprotective effects in males. It preserves the cortical as well as the trabecular bone and might be a safe alternative for HRT. Testosterone supplementation has positive effects on trabecular bone, which are concurrently counteracted by the loss of cortical bone. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mangifera indica extract (Vimang) impairs aversive memory without affecting open field behaviour or habituation in rats
Authors: Preissler Thales , Martins Márcio Rodrigo , Pardo‐Andreu Gilberto L. , Henriques João Antônio Pêgas , Quevedo João , Delgado Rene , Roesler Rafael 
Published: December 2008

AbstractVimang is an aqueous extract of Mangifera indica L, used in Cuba for the treatment of immunopathological disorders. Increasing evidence from preclinical studies indicates that Vimang displays antioxidant, antiallergic, analgesic and antiinflammatory actions. The present study investigated the effects of systemic administration of Vimang on behavioural outcomes of neurological function in rats. A single oral administration of Vimang produced an impairment of short‐ and long‐term retention of memory for aversive training when given either 1 h pretraining or immediately posttraining, but not 8 h posttraining. Vimang did not affect open field behaviour or habituation. The results indicate that Vimang might induce deficits of emotionally motivated memory without affecting nonassociative memory, locomotion, exploratory behaviour or anxiety. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Genistein down‐regulates the constitutive activation of nuclear factor‐κB in human multiple myeloma cells, leading to suppression of proliferation and induction of apoptosis
Authors: He Hui , Chen Laurie , Zhai Ming , Chen John Z. S. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractBecause of the central role of transcription factor nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) in cell survival and proliferation in human multiple myeloma, the possibility of using it as a target for myeloma treatment was explored using genistein, an agent known to have very little or no toxicity in humans. It was found that NF‐κB was constitutively active in two human myeloma cell lines examined and that genistein, a chemopreventive agent, down‐regulated NF‐κB in two cell lines as indicated by the electrophoretic mobility gel shift assay and prevented the nuclear retention of p65 as shown by immunocytochemistry. Two myeloma cell lines showed constitutively active Akt phosphorylation. Genistein suppressed the constitutive Akt phosphorylation. Genistein also down‐regulated the expression of NF‐κB‐regulated gene products, including bcl‐2, bcl‐xl, cyclin D1 and ICAM‐1. This led to the suppression of proliferation and induction of apoptosis. Overall, the results indicate that genistein down‐regulates NF‐κB and phospho‐Akt in human myeloma cells, leading to the suppression of proliferation and induction of apoptosis, thus providing the molecular basis for the treatment of myeloma patients with this pharmacologically safe agent. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.