bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lebanese nursing students' perceptions of barriers to the implementation of person‐centered care in clinical settings: A qualitative study
Authors: Kavuran Esin , Türkoğlu Nihan , Al‐Nuqaidan Hanan , Fawaz Mirna 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimThis study aims to investigate how Lebanese nursing students perceive the challenges of implementing person‐centered care in clinical settings.DesignA qualitative descriptive design was adopted for this study.MethodsAt one of Lebanon's top universities, a qualitative descriptive study design was used with 18 nursing students from various academic levels. Content analysis was used to generate the results after three focus group discussions. The Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research were used to report this study.ResultsThe content analysis gave rise to four main themes, namely, “overload”, “challenges with education”, “unawareness”, “establishing connection”, and “lack of initiatives related to policy”. The results showed a number of obstacles that Lebanese nursing students believed were in the path of providing person‐centered care. These obstacles included organisational issues like time restraints and an intense workload, as well as interaction difficulties with patients and healthcare teams, and educational issues like insufficient instruction in person‐centered care concepts during nursing programs.
Family engagement in the care of infectious patients in intensive care units: A hybrid concept analysis
Authors: Soleimani Mohsen , Fakhr‐Movahedi Ali , Yarahmadi Sajad 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimThis study aims to define and investigate characteristics, antecedents, and consequences of the concept of family engagement in caring for patients with infectious diseases hospitalised in intensive care units.DesignThis is a three‐phase hybrid model study (theoretical, fieldwork, and analytical phase).MethodsThe York University Guidelines were used in the theoretical phase, and ultimately, 16 pieces of literature related to the subject under study from 2011 to 2021 were reviewed. The content analysis was used for fieldwork phases; eight participants were interviewed. Then, the theoretical and fieldwork findings were compared, integrated, and analysed.ResultsThis concept has characteristics such as; awareness, belief, perception, and willingness of the nurse to engage the family; a sense of responsibility, willingness, and sacrifice of the family; the physical or virtual presence of the family; triangular interaction between the nurse, patient, and family; perception and identifying the goals; education and information transfer; team collaboration; delegation of responsibility to the family; decision making; and protection of the family. Antecedents include the availability of infrastructure; patient, family, and nurse conditions; and the quality implementation of engagement. The consequences include positive consequences related to the patient, family, nursing, and society, as well as some negative consequences. This study provided a comprehensive perception of family engagement in the care of patients with infectious diseases in intensive care units and defined it more clearly, showing its characteristics, antecedents, and consequences.Patient or Public ContributionEight participants were interviewed, including five nurses, two family caregivers, and one patient.
Increased experiences of loneliness during theCOVID‐19 pandemic, emotional distress and changes in perceived physical and mental health: A structural equation model
Authors: Jabbari JoAnn , Roll Stephen , McQueen Amy , Ridenour Nancy 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimTo explore how experiences of increased loneliness during the COVID‐19 pandemic affected emotional distress and changes in perceptions of physical and mental health.DesignCross‐sectional study.MethodsData from the Socio‐Economic Impacts of Covid‐19 Survey, a national survey administered to 5033 adults in August and September 2020 in the United States, was utilized in this study. Structural equation modelling was used to analyse the associations between increased experiences of loneliness during the pandemic, emotional distress and changes in perceptions of physical and mental health.ResultsAmong the 47% of participants who reported increased experiences of loneliness during the pandemic, 31% reported a poorer perceived change in mental health and 12% reported a poorer perceived change in physical health. Increased experiences of loneliness during the pandemic were significantly associated with emotional distress and poorer perceived mental and physical health changes. Emotional distress significantly mediated the effect between increased experiences of loneliness during the pandemic and poorer perceived mental and physical health changes. These findings highlight the importance of producing preventative actions to combat increased loneliness and emotional distress during and after future pandemics in order to improve health perceptions, which can result in negative health outcomes over time.
Monthly unconditional income supplements starting at birth: Experiences among mothers of young children with low incomes in the U.S.
Authors: Halpern‐Meekin Sarah , Gennetian Lisa A. , Hoiting Jill , Stilwell Laura , Meyer Lauren 
Published: March 2024

AbstractRecently, U.S. advocates and funders have supported direct cash transfers for individuals and families as an efficient, immediate, and non‐paternalistic path to poverty alleviation. Open questions remain, however, about their implementation. We address these using data from debit card transactions, customer service call‐line logs, and in‐depth interviews from a randomized control study of a monthly unconditional cash gift delivered via debit card to mothers of young children living near the federal poverty line. Because much of the impact of the intervention occurs through mothers’ decisions about how to allocate the Baby's First Years (BFY) money, we argue that implementation science must recognize the role of policy targets in implementing policy, not just in terms of policy outcomes but also policy implementation processes. Further, our analysis shows that mothers experience key aspects of the cash intervention's design as intended: they viewed the cash gift as unconditional and knew the money was reliable and would continue monthly, receiving the correct amount with few incidents. Delivering funds via debit card worked well, offering mothers flexibility in purchasing. We also illuminate how design features shaped mothers’ experiences. First, although they knew it was unconditional, the social meaning of the BFY money to mothers—seen as “the baby's money”—shaped their engagement with and allocation of it. Second, low public visibility of mothers’ receipt of this money limited the financial demands or requests from others, potentially facilitating more agency over and a greater ability to use the money as they chose, without claims from kin.
Use of modern three‐dimensional imaging models to guide surgical planning for local control of pediatric extracranial solid tumors
Authors: Shah Nikhil R. , Weadock William J. , Williams Keyonna M. , Moreci Rebecca , Stoll Tammy , Joshi Aparna , Petroze Robin , Geiger James , Newman Erika A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntroductionIn complex pediatric surgical oncology, surgical planning is contingent upon data gathered from preoperative imaging. Three‐dimensional (3D) modeling and printing has been shown to be beneficial for adult presurgical planning, though pediatric literature is less robust. The study reviews our institutional experience with the use of 3D image segmentation and printed models in approaching resection of extracranial solid tumors in children.MethodsThis is a single institutional series from 2021 to 2023. Models were based on computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging studies, optimized for 3D imaging. The feasibility and creation of the models is reviewed, including specific techniques, software, and printing materials from our institution. Clinical implications for surgical planning are also described, along with detailed preoperative and intraoperative images.Results3D modeling and printing was performed for four pediatric patients diagnosed with extracranial solid tumors. Diagnoses included Ewing sarcoma, hepatoblastoma, synovial sarcoma, and osteosarcoma. No intraoperative complications or discrepancies with the preoperative 3D‐printed model were noted. No evidence of local recurrence was identified in any patient thus far.ConclusionOur institutional series demonstrates a wide spectrum of clinical application for 3D modeling and printing technology within pediatric surgical oncology. This technology may aid in surgical planning for both resection and reconstruction, can be applied to a diverse breadth of diagnoses, and may potentially augment patient and/or family education about their condition.
A materials informatics framework based on reduced‐order models for extracting structure–property linkages of additively manufactured continuous fiber‐reinforced polymer composites
Authors: Zhang Yawen , Shi Shanshan , Lu Yunzhuo , Qin Ruixian , Zhang Xu , Xu Jianxin , Chen Bingzhi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe innovative combination of additive manufacturing (AM) and continuous fiber‐reinforced polymer composites (CFRPCs) confers products with the dual advantages of integrated manufacturing and designability of properties, but lack an efficient and reliable method for property prediction. This study presents a materials informatics framework using reduced‐order models and machine learning (ML) to extract the structure–property (SP) linkages between microstructures and macroscopic elastic properties of AM‐CFRPCs. The initial step involves generating microstructural 2D cross‐sections and representative volume elements (RVEs) with random fiber and pore distributions based on the minimum potential method. Then, finite element (FE) calculations are performed on RVEs to obtain nine macroscopic elastic properties. Following that, the quantification and dimensionality reduction of the 2D cross‐sectional dataset are conducted separately using two‐point spatial correlations and principal component analysis (PCA). Finally, a Bayesian optimized composite kernel support vector regression (CK‐SVR) algorithm is used to effectively establish complex mapping relationships between the reduced‐order representations of the microstructures and the mechanical properties. Despite the reduced‐order dataset containing only 3–6 variables, the framework generates an interpretable model exhibiting excellent accuracy with all predicted R2 values surpassing 0.91. Therefore, this framework presents a prospective solution for expediting the design and optimization of AM‐CFRPCs.Highlights
A materials informatics scheme is proposed to predict the 9 elastic properties of AM‐CFRPCs.
Microstructures are quantified and dimensionally reduced by two‐point statistics and PCA.
SP linkages are established between 2D cross‐sections and 3D macromechanical properties.
Modified CK‐SVR exhibits higher prediction accuracy compared to conventional models.
Regulating surface energy and establishing covalent bonds to enhance interface interaction between m‐BN and polyphenylene oxide for 5G applications
Authors: Liao Lingyuan , Ruan Wenhong , Zhang Mingqiu , Li Weihao , Lin Musong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIncorporation of boron nitride (BN) into polymers is a promising method to obtain composites with high thermal conductivity, low dielectric constant (Dk), and dielectric loss (Df), while the practical applications are limited by the poor interface between BN and polymer because of surface energy mismatch and absence of covalent bond connection between them. Herein, polydopamine (PDA) with good adhesion is deposited onto the BN. Then, a different amount of silane coupling agent containing vinyl reactive groups is grafted onto PDA‐coated BN. In this way, the surface energy of modified BN (m‐BN) can be adjusted to ensure BN contacts well with polymers. Moreover, reactive groups were introduced on BN for further reaction. Subsequently, covalent bonds between the m‐BN and the polyphenylene oxide (PPO) were established in situ during the curing process. The effects of the m‐BN surface energy on interface quality and thermal conductivity of composites are investigated. The m‐BN/PPO composite achieves a through‐plane thermal conductivity of 5.87 W/m·K and a low Df value of 1.53 × 10−3, as well as a low coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) value (7.8 ppm/K) when the m‐BN loading is 32.6 vol%. This research provides a simple and efficient strategy for fabricating high‐performance composites for high‐frequency applications.Highlights
Hexagonal boron nitride was modified successfully by combining non‐covalent and covalent modifications.
Regulating surface energy and establishing covalent bonds enhances interface interaction between BN and polyphenylene oxide.
Modified BN/polyphenylene oxide composites display improvements in thermal conductivity and dimensional stability as well as dielectric loss.
Provides a feasible strategy for designing polymer composites with high thermal conductivity, dimensional stability, and low dielectric loss for 5G applications.
Understanding the effect of solid lubricants on scratch behavior in epoxy resins: An experimental and statistical approach
Authors: Ceylan Reyhan , Ozun Elanur , Özzaim Toker Pelin , Korkusuz Orkan Baran , Yarar Eser , Fidan Sinan , Bora M. Özgür , Sınmazçelik Tamer 
Published: March 2024

AbstractEpoxy resins inherently have low resistance to scratching. To increase the scratch resistance of epoxy resins, reinforcing solid lubricants into the resin is an option. For this purpose, in this study, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and graphite were reinforced in two different epoxy resins (rigid and toughened) at different reinforcement ratios (5, 10, and 15 wt%). The effects of solid lubricant reinforcement on the scratch behavior of rigid and toughened epoxy resins were examined both experimentally and statistically. Scratch tests were performed throughout a distance of 10 mm using a test apparatus under a load of 15 N and a scratch speed of 30 mm/min. Following the scratch tests, the COF (Coefficient of Friction) values, scratch hardness, scratch width, and depth of all samples were determined and compared to neat epoxy for each resin. In general, it has been determined that solid lubricant reinforcement at higher reinforcement ratios has a positive effect on the COF value (15 wt%). In the case of 15 wt% graphite reinforced rigid and toughened epoxy, a decrease of 15.90% and 17.77%, respectively, was obtained in the COF value compared to the neat epoxy. After the scratch tests, statistical analysis was performed according to RSM to support the experimental results, and ANOVA tables were obtained.Highlights
Epoxy adhesives exhibit low scratch resistance.
Examining the impact of PTFE and graphite reinforcement on scratch behavior.
Two types of epoxy and varied reinforcement ratios (5, 10, and 15 wt%) were studied.
Solid lubricant reinforcement to epoxy positively affected scratch behavior.
Effect of seawater aging on mechanical, buckling, structural, and thermal properties of nano Al2O3 and TiO2‐doped glass‐epoxy nanocomposites
Authors: Guven Cenap , Kisa Murat , Demircan Gokhan , Ozen Mustafa , Kirar Ersan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractEnsuring the stability of composite structures in the marine environment is crucial. The harsh and corrosive nature of marine conditions presents unique challenges, making maintenance a top priority. In this study, the impact of seawater aging on the mechanical, buckling, structural, and thermal properties of glass fiber‐reinforced polymer nanocomposites was investigated. Composites were produced using the VARTM method with 2% nano Al2O3 and 2% nano TiO2. Aging was conducted in a seawater environment at room temperature for 120, 240, and 360 days. Mechanical properties, including tensile, compressive, flexural, impact, and buckling tests, were performed, and water absorption was determined. Structural analysis was carried out using SEM images. The experimental results indicated that the presence of nanoparticles minimized the effect of seawater. TiO2 preserved tensile strength by 10.33%, impact energy by 6.8%, and critical buckling load by 3.06% compared to the pure composite. Al2O3 reduced water absorption to 0.594% and preserved tensile strength by 6.67%, impact energy by 4.02%, and critical buckling load by 2%. Thermal test revealed an increase in thermal conductivity with aging, with the TiO2‐doped composite exhibiting the smallest increase (14.66%). The significance of the obtained results was confirmed through ANOVA analysis.Highlights
Glass fiber‐reinforced nanocomposite was produced with nano Al2O3 and TiO2.
The effect of seawater aging was investigated.
It showed that TiO2 nanoparticles are a good candidate against seawater aging.
The experimental results showed statistical significance.
Low‐velocity impact behavior in multi‐layered structures and hybrid composites via sandwich stacking techniques
Authors: Hiremath Shivashankar , Zhang Yu , Kim Tae‐Won 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe study aimed to investigate the impact behavior of fabric laminates composed of carbon, Kevlar, and hybrid materials through low‐velocity impact tests. Non‐hybrid and hybrid laminates were created using layup techniques with sandwich stacking sequences. Drop weight impact tests were conducted using varying levels of impact energy to assess the influence of stacking sequence and hybridization on impact properties. The results showed significant improvements in impact properties with increasing stacking sequence, particularly a 108.8% and 137.4% enhancement in C4 and K4 laminates, respectively. Kevlar laminates exhibited higher energy resistance than carbon laminates, and the Kevlar‐carbon‐Kevlar‐carbon hybrid laminate demonstrated superior impact force and energy absorption capabilities. Additionally, the study analyzed penetration depth and identified different failure modes dependent on stacking sequence and impact energy levels. These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing fabric laminated composites. Thus, the research could be implemented in industries requiring materials with enhanced impact resistance, such as aerospace, automotive, sports equipment, and protective gear manufacturing.Highlights
Investigated the impact performance of stacked fabric structures, including carbon, Kevlar, and hybrid laminated composites, through low‐velocity impact tests.
Fabricated both non‐hybrid and hybrid laminates using layup techniques with a sandwich stacking sequence to assess the impact properties of the composite laminates.
Observed greater penetration depth in the C2 stacked structure, while the KCKC hybrid laminate showcased greater resistance to a depth of penetration (DOP).
Various failure modes were investigated, demonstrating their relationship with stacking sequence and impact energy levels.
Significant enhancement of mechanical properties for glass fiber fabric‐reinforced polyamide 6 composites by improving interfacial bonding
Authors: Fang Hui , Jia Fenghui , Chen Sheng , Zhang Wei , Huang Li , Wu Fangjuan , Chen Hui , Lin Daotang , Jia Jihui 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn fiber‐reinforced composites, the interfacial bonding between fibers and the matrix is crucial for determining the material's performance. A vacuum‐assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) process was utilized in this work to fabricate glass fiber fabric‐reinforced polyamide 6 (GFF/PA6) composites through in‐situ polymerization using caprolactam (CL) as the precursor. To enhance the fiber‐matrix interfacial bonding, polyethylene glycol (PEG) was incorporated into the polymerization system, improving the hydrogen bonding between the matrix and fibers. Morphological observations and interface layer analysis revealed that the introduction of PEG resulted in improved interfacial bonding and increased interface layer thickness. Molecular dynamics simulations indicated that the amino formate groups formed by the reaction with PEG exhibited more hydrogen bonds with the hydroxyl groups on the glass fiber surface, thereby promoting interfacial bonding between the matrix and fibers. When the PEG content was 10 wt%, the tensile strength and the elongation at break of the corresponding composite increased by 160% and 300% compared to GFF/PA6 composites without PEG. This study presents a promising strategy for enhancing the fiber‐matrix interfacial bonding by modifying the matrix, offering a prospective approach for developing high‐strength thermoplastic composites.Highlights
GFF/PA6 composites were fabricated via the VARTM method.
The addition of PEG for matrix modification improved the interfacial bonding.
The modification enhances the hydrogen bonding between the matrix and fibers.
Good interfacial bonding can greatly promote the crystallization of the matrix.
The composites exhibited a significant increase in strength and toughness.
In situ synthesis of novel trans‐1, 4‐polyisoprene/isotactic polybutene reactor blends with multi‐component structure
Authors: Shao Huafeng , Xia Pengcheng , Wang Shulei , He Aihua 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this paper, a series of novel trans‐1, 4‐polyisoprene/isotactic polybutene (TPI/iPB) in‐reactor blends were synthesized by isoprene and butene sequential two‐stage polymerization technology with spherical TiCl4/MgCl2 type Ziegler‐Natta catalyst. The components, structures, and properties of the as‐obtained TPI/iPB reactor blends were characterized by gel permeation chromatography, Fourier transform Infrared spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry. The active trans‐1, 4‐polyisoprene (TPI) particles obtained in the initial isoprene polymerization by the Z‐N catalyst can be acted as microreactors to initiate butene polymerization subsequently. The TPI/iPB reactor blends with varied components were in situ synthesized within the reactor. The preparative‐temperature rising elution fractionation (p‐TREF) technique was used to fractionate the TPI/iPB reactor blends based on the elution temperature ranged from −40°C to 90°C. The weight distribution and microstructure of each fraction were investigated. The reactor blends are composed of crystallizable high trans‐1, 4‐uint polyisoprene obtained from the first‐stage isoprene polymerization, high isotactic polybutene obtained from the second‐stage butene polymerization and TPI‐b‐iPB block copolymer with different sequence structure obtained from the initial time of the second stage. This work is expected to propose the possible polymerizations of a‐olefins and conjugated dienes by using heterogeneous Ziegler‐Natta catalyst and provide a kind of novel rubber/plastic reactor blend materials.Highlights
The first synthesis of the trans‐1, 4‐polyisoprene/isotactic polybutene reactor blends.
p‐TREF technique was used to analyze the composition of TPI/iPB reactor blends.
Detailed structure characterization of the fractions including GPC and NMR
TPI‐b‐iPB block copolymer can be obtained through the sequential polymerization.
Rubber/plastic reactor blend materials were fabricated by the Z‐N catalyst.