bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and response to surgical treatment of lateral palmar intercarpal ligament avulsion in horses: 37 cases (1990–2001)
Authors: Beinlich Christopher P. , Nixon Alan J. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To clarify the diagnosis of avulsion of the lateral palmar intercarpal ligament (LPICL), correlate avulsion of this ligament with lameness, determine the prevalence of avulsion of the LPICL in a hospital population, and evaluate the response to surgical removal of the avulsion fragment in horses.Design—Retrospective study.Animals—37 horses with avulsion of the LPICL.Procedure—Medical records and radiographs of horses with avulsion of the LPICL were reviewed; follow-up information was obtained from race records and from owners via a telephone survey.Results–Of 6,418 horses evaluated for forelimb lameness from March 1, 1990, to December 31, 2001, 37 (0.5%) had avulsion of the LPICL; each horse had a discrete fragment associated with avulsion of the ligament origin from the ulnar carpal bone. Twenty-six horses underwent arthroscopic fragment removal; 20 of 22 (91%) horses for which follow-up information was available returned to work. Of 9 horses treated conservatively, 5 returned to work. Odds ratio calculations indicated that horses treated surgically were 8 times as likely to return to work than those not treated surgically. Twelve horses had LPICL avulsion without concurrent osteochondral fragmentation in the same or additional joints; follow-up information was available for 9 of those horses, of which 8 returned to athletic work.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—In horses, discrete avulsion of the LPICL can be a cause of lameness and arthroscopic debridement may be the treatment of choice. Prognosis for return to work of horses with avulsion of the LPICL is good. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;226:760–766)
Prevalence of and risk factors for paratuberculosis in purebred beef cattle
Authors: Roussel Allen J. , Libal Melissa C. , Whitlock Robert L. , Hairgrove Thomas B. , Barling Kerry S. , Thompson James A. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To estimate the prevalence of paratuberculosis in purebred beef cattle in Texas and identify risk factors for seropositivity.Design—Epidemiologic survey.Animals—4,579 purebred cattle from 115 beef ranches in Texas.Procedure—Blood was collected, and serum was analyzed for antibodies with a commercial ELISA. Fecal samples were collected and frozen at −80°C until results of the ELISA were obtained, and feces from seropositive cattle were submitted for mycobacterial culture. Herd owners completed a survey form on management factors.Results—Results of the ELISA were positive for 137 of the 4,579 (3.0%) cattle, and 50 of the 115 (43.8%) herds had at least 1 seropositive animal. Results of mycobacterial culture were positive for 10 of the 137 (7.3%) seropositive cattle, and 9 of the 50 (18%) seropositive herds had at least 1 animal for which results of mycobacterial culture were positive. Risk factors for seropositivity included water source, use of dairy-type nurse cows, previous clinical signs of paratuberculosis, species of cattle (Bos taurus vs Bos indicus), and location.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggested that seroprevalence of paratuberculosis among purebred beef cattle in Texas may be greater than seroprevalence among beef cattle in the United States as a whole; however, this difference could be attributable to breed or regional differences in infection rates or interference by cross-reacting organisms. Veterinarians should be aware of risk factors for paratuberculosis as well as the possibility that unexpected serologic results may be found in some herds. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;226:773–778)
Assessment of the effect of gastrointestinal nematode infestation on weight gain in grazing beef cattle
Authors: Mertz Keith J. , Hildreth Michael B. , Epperson William B. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To assess the effect of subclinical, naturally acquired gastrointestinal nematode infestation on weight gain in yearling cattle kept on pasture.Design—Prospective study.Animals—799Bos taurusyearlings kept on pasture with 2,805 herd mates in eastern and central South Dakota.Procedure—11 trials were initiated at 9 sites from 1999 through 2001. For each trial, approximately 10% of cattle in each site's pasture group were identified, weighed, and administered a bolus of ivermectin (sustained-release formulation) prior to turnout. A similar subgroup of nontreated control cattle was identified and weighed prior to turnout. For each trial, treated and control groups remained with the larger pasture group throughout the entire grazing season. At the end of the grazing season, weight measurements and fecal samples were obtained from all treated and control cattle; average daily grazing gain was calculated and compared between these 2 groups.Results—Treatment of grazing cattle with ivermectin increased average daily gain by 0.0459 ± 0.01 kg/head/d (mean ± SEM; 0.1 ± 0.02 lb/head/d), compared with that achieved in control cattle. Control cattle had significantly greater fecal egg counts at grazing season end than treated cattle.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Compared with anthelmintic-treated cattle, yearling cattle with naturally occurring gastrointestinal nematode infestations kept on pasture in the US Northern Plains had a decreased average daily gain equivalent to 6.6 kg (14.5 lb) less gain in a 143-day grazing season. Strategies for control of nematode populations in pastures should be considered to ameliorate this production loss. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;226:779–783)
Evaluation of a method of intracoelomic catheterization in koi
Authors: Lewbart Gregory A. , Butkus Deborah A. , Papich Mark G. , Coleman Angela K. , Krum Howard N. , Noga Edward J. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To develop an easy and safe method for catheterization and determine the pharmacokinetics of a single dose of enrofloxacin after intracoelomic administration in koi.Design—Prospective study.Animals—20 healthy koi.Procedure—6 koi were anesthetized with tricaine methanesulfonate, and a 23-gauge, three-fourths-inch butterfly catheter was inserted into the coelomic cavity and secured. Catheters were flushed daily for 6 days with 0.4 mL of sterile saline (0.9% NaCl) solution containing heparin (100 units of heparin in 250 mL of saline solution) without removing koi from the aquarium. At the end of the sixth day (144 hours), each of the 6 catheterized koi and 6 uncatheterized (control) koi was anesthetized individually. Enrofloxacin (10 mg/kg [4.5 mg/lb]) was administered to catheterized koi via the injection port and to control koi via a 23-gauge needle in the same site as the catheter placement. A pharmacokinetics study was performed on multiple plasma samples to validate the efficiency of the catheter. Reliability of the catheterization method was determined in 8 koi.Results—All 6 catheters remained patent and effective for the 6 days prior to the start of the pharmacokinetics study. Results for the 2 routes of administration were comparable, and all koi survived the study without any detectable clinical problems.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—An intracoelomic catheter was effective and safe when maintained in koi for at least 6 days. This would be highly beneficial for veterinarians, clients, and fish, especially when intracoelomic administration of a drug would require daily or more frequent dosing. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;226: 784–788)
Evaluation of biochemical analytes in vitreous humor collected after death in West Indian manatees
Authors: Varela René A. , Bossart Gregory D. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To evaluate biochemical analytes in vitreous humor collected after death in West Indian manatees (Trichechus manatus latirostris).Design—Prospective study.Animals—73 West Indian manatees of various ages and both sexes.Procedure—The condition of manatee carcasses submitted for routine postmortem examination was categorized as fresh, moderately autolyzed, or severely autolyzed. The eyes were removed, frozen for shipping, and thawed on arrival at the laboratory. Vitreous humor was extracted, and various biochemical analytes were measured. Values for each analyte were compared with published reference ranges for corresponding biochemical analytes in serum. Values were also compared among the carcass condition groups.Results—Creatinine and urea nitrogen concentrations in vitreous humor were significantly higher in severely autolyzed carcasses than in fresh carcasses. Potassium concentrations in vitreous humor were significantly higher in moderately autolyzed carcasses than in fresh carcasses but were highly variable in severely autolyzed carcasses. These data were consistent with those reported in other species.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results indicate that measurement of biochemical analytes in vitreous humor of manatees is feasible and has potential for assisting in the postmortem diagnosis of certain metabolic, renal, and nutritional diseases; determining severity of autolysis at time of necropsy; and determining the time of occurrence of human-induced trauma. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;226:88–92)
Evaluation of aerobic bacteriologic culture of epidermal collarette specimens in dogs with superficial pyoderma
Authors: White Stephen D. , Brown Amy E. , Chapman Phillip L. , Jang Spencer S. , Ihrke Peter J. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To evaluate a method of aerobic bacteriologic culture of epidermal collarette specimens from dogs with superficial pyoderma and compare results with those for aerobic bacteriologic culture of abdominal skin specimens in healthy dogs.Design—Prospective study.Animals—22 dogs with epidermal collarettes and 24 healthy dogs.Procedure–Dry sterile cotton swabs were rolled across epidermal collarettes or hairless areas of abdominal skin in healthy dogs and submitted for aerobic bacteriologic culture. Hemolytic colonies of gram-positive–staining cocci were tested for catalase production, and if results were positive, a coagulase test was performed. Colonies with coagulase activity were tested for the ability to ferment mannitol. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed on allStaphylococcusspp that were isolated.Results–S intermediuswas isolated from collarettes in 18 of 22 dogs with superficial pyoderma but not from healthy dogs. Estimated sensitivity and specificity of the culture method were 81.8% and 100%, respectively. There were no significant differences in the ability to cultureS intermedius, the number ofS intermediusisolates without resistance to antimicrobials, and the number ofS intermediusisolates resistant to penicillin G when comparing dogs with superficial pyoderma for the first time and dogs with recurrent pyoderma, dogs that did or did not receive concurrent antimicrobials, and dogs with and without underlying allergic disease.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance–Bacteriologic culture of epidermal collarette specimens was a simple and reliable method for identification of S intermedius in dogs with superficial pyoderma, regardless of history of pyoderma or current antimicrobial use. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;226:904–908)
Analgesic efficacy of preoperative administration of meloxicam or butorphanol in onychectomized cats
Authors: Carroll Gwendolyn L. , Howe Lisa B. , Peterson Kurt D. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine analgesic efficacy and adverse effects of preemptive administration of meloxicam or butorphanol in cats undergoing onychectomy or onychectomy and neutering.Design—Randomized controlled study.Animals—64 female and 74 male cats that were 4 to 192 months old and weighed 1.09 to 7.05 kg (2.4 to 15.5 lb).Procedure—Cats received meloxicam (0.3 mg/kg [0.14 mg/lb], SC) or butorphanol (0.4 mg/kg [0.18 mg/lb], SC) 15 minutes after premedication and prior to anesthesia. A single blinded observer measured physiologic variables, assigned analgesia and lameness scores, and withdrew blood samples for each cat at baseline and throughout the 24 hours after surgery. Rescue analgesia (butorphanol, 0.4 mg/kg, IV or SC) or administration of acepromazine (0.025 to 0.05 mg/kg [0.011 to 0.023 mg/lb], IV) was allowed.Results—Meloxicam-treated cats were less lame and had lower pain scores. Cortisol concentration was higher at extubation and lower at 1, 5, and 12 hours in the meloxicam-treated cats. Fewer meloxicam-treated cats required rescue analgesia at 3, 5, 12, and 24 hours after extubation. General impression scores were excellent or good in 75% of meloxicam-treated cats and 44% of butorphanol-treated cats. There was no treatment effect on buccal bleeding time; PCV and BUN concentration decreased in both groups, and glucose concentration decreased in meloxicam-treated cats.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Preoperative administration of meloxicam improved analgesia for 24 hours without clinically relevant adverse effects in cats that underwent onychectomy or onychectomy and neutering and provided safe, extended analgesia, compared with butorphanol. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;226:913–919)
Clinical, clinicopathologic, radiographic, and ultrasonographic abnormalities in cats with ureteral calculi: 163 cases (1984–2002)
Authors: Kyles Andrew E. , Hardie Elizabeth M. , Wooden Brent G. , Adin Christopher A. , Stone Elizabeth A. , Gregory Clare R. , Mathews Kyle G. , Cowgill Larry D. , Vaden Shelly , Nyland Thomas G. , Ling Gerald V. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine clinical, clinicopathologic, radiographic, and ultrasonographic abnormalities in cats with ureteral calculi.Design—Retrospective study.Animals—163 client-owned cats.Procedure—Medical records were reviewed, and information on signalment, history, clinical signs, and results of clinicopathologic testing and diagnostic imaging was obtained.Results—The number of cats in which ureterolithiasis was diagnosed each year increased progressively during the study period. Clinical signs tended to be nonspecific and included inappetence, vomiting, lethargy, and weight loss. A combination of survey radiography and abdominal ultrasonography revealed ureteral calculi in 66 of 73 (90%) cats in which the diagnosis was confirmed at surgery or necropsy. Ultrasonography revealed that ureteral calculi were causing ureteral obstruction in 143 of 155 (92%) cats. One hundred thirty-four of 162 (83%) cats had azotemia, 84 of 156 (54%) had hyperphosphatemia, and 22 of 152 (14%) had hypercalcemia. Urinary tract infection was documented in 10 of 119 (8%). Fifty-eight of 76 (76%) cats with unilateral ureterolithiasis had azotemia and 33 (43%) had hyperphosphatemia, indicating impairment of renal function in the contralateral kidney or prerenal azotemia. Ultrasonographic imaging of the contralateral kidney in cats with unilateral ureteral calculi suggested that preexisting renal parenchymal disease was common in cats with ureterolithiasis. Ninety-one of 93 (98%) ureteral calculi contained calcium oxalate.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest that abdominal imaging should be performed in all cats with chronic nonspecific signs or with acute or chronic renal failure to rule out ureterolithiasis. Preexisting renal disease may be common in cats with ureteral calculi. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;226: 932–936)
Management and outcome of cats with ureteral calculi: 153 cases (1984–2002)
Authors: Kyles Andrew E. , Hardie Elizabeth M. , Wooden Brent G. , Adin Christopher A. , Stone Elizabeth A. , Gregory Clare R. , Mathews Kyle G. , Cowgill Larry D. , Vaden Shelly , Nyland Thomas G. , Ling Gerald V. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine outcome of medical and surgical treatment in cats with ureteral calculi.Design—Retrospective study.Animals—153 cats.Procedure—Medical records were reviewed. Owners and referring veterinarians were contacted for follow-up information.Results—All cats were initially treated medically before a decision was made to perform surgery. Medical treatment included parenteral administration of fluids and diuretics to promote urine production and passage of the ureteral calculus and supportive treatment for renal failure. Ureteral calculi in the proximal portion of the ureter were typically removed by ureterotomy, whereas ureteral calculi in the distal portion of the ureter were more likely to be removed by partial ureterectomy and ureteroneocystostomy. Ureterotomy could be performed without placement of a nephrostomy tube for postoperative urine diversion. Postoperative complication rate and perioperative mortality rate were 31% and 18%, respectively. The most common postoperative complications were urine leakage and persistent ureteral obstruction after surgery. Chronic renal failure was common at the time of diagnosis and continued after treatment, with serum creatinine concentration remaining greater than the upper reference limit in approximately half the cats. Twelve-month survival rates after medical and surgical treatment were 66% and 91%, respectively, with a number of cats dying of causes related to urinary tract disorders, including ureteral calculus recurrence and worsening of chronic renal failure.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest that medical and surgical management of ureteral calculi in cats are associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Treatment can stabilize renal function, although many surviving cats will continue to have impaired renal function. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;226:937–944)
Surgical and nonsurgical management of sagittal slab fractures of the third carpal bone in racehorses: 32 cases (1991–2001)
Authors: Kraus Beth M. , Ross Michael W. , Boston Raymond C. 
Published: December 2005

Abstract

Objective—To compare results (ie, return to racing
and earnings per race start) of surgical versus nonsurgical
management of sagittal slab fractures of the
third carpal bone in racehorses.

Design—Retrospective study.

Animals—32 racehorses (19 Thoroughbreds, 11
Standardbreds, and 2 Arabians).

Procedure—Medical records and radiographs were
reviewed to obtain information regarding signalment
and treatment. Follow-up information was obtained
from race records. Robust regression analysis was
performed to evaluate earnings per start in horses
that raced at least once before and after injury.

Results—22 (69%) horses raced at least once after
treatment of the fracture. All 7 horses treated by
means of interfragmentary compression raced after
treatment, and horses that underwent interfragmentary
compression had significantly higher earnings
per start after the injury than did horses treated without
surgery. Eight of 9 horses treated by means of
arthroscopic debridement of the damaged cartilage
and bone raced after treatment, but only 7 of 16 horses
treated without surgery (ie, stall rest) were able to
return to racing after treatment.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest
that racehorses with sagittal slab fractures of the
third carpal bone have a favorable prognosis for return
to racing after treatment. Horses treated surgically
were more likely to race after treatment than were
horses treated without surgery. (J Am Vet Med Assoc
2005;226:945–950)
Evaluation of patterns of removal and associations among culling because of lameness and sow productivity traits in swine breeding herds
Authors: Anil Sukumarannair S. , Anil Leena , Deen John 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To characterize pattens of removal and evaluate the associations among culling because of lameness and sow productivity traits among culled gilts and sows.Design—Cross-sectional study.Sample Population—Data from a convenience sample of 11 farms pertaining to the removal of 51,795 gilts and sows from January 1991 to December 2002. Mean culling and mortality (death and euthanasia) rates for all inventoried gilts and sows ranged from 23% to 50% and 4.7% to 9.5%, respectively.Procedure—An analysis of categories of removal (cull, death, or euthanasia) and reasons for removal of gilts and sows was performed. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine associations among culling because of lameness and sow productivity traits among culled gilts and sows.Results—Among sows that were removed, the proportion of parity ≥ 1 sows that died (both death and euthanasia) was > 3 times the proportion of parity ≥ 1 sows that were culled within 20 days after farrowing. Among lame sows that were removed, the proportion of parity ≥ 1 sows that died (death and euthanasia) was higher than the proportion of parity ≥ 1 sows that were culled within 20 days after farrowing. Among sows that were removed, the proportion of sows that died (deaths and euthanasia) was higher during lactation than nonlactation. This was also observed among lame sows that were removed.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—The proportion of death among removed sows, especially lame sows, was higher during lactation than nonlactation. Results indicated that risk of death is not the same for sows throughout their lifetime. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;226:956–961)
Perioperative survival rates after surgery for diaphragmatic hernia in dogs and cats: 92 cases (1990–2002)
Authors: Gibson Thomas W. G. , Brisson Brigitte A. , Sears William 
Published: December 2005

Abstract

Objective—To determine the survival rates of dogs
and cats that underwent surgical treatment for traumatic
diaphragmatic hernia within 24 hours of admission
and determine whether timing of surgery affected
perioperative survival rate.

Design—Retrospective study.

Animals—63 dogs and 29 cats treated surgically for
traumatic diaphragmatic hernia.

Procedure—Medical records were reviewed to evaluate
associations between perioperative survival rates and
variables including timing of surgery in relation to admission
and acute versus chronic diaphragmatic hernia.

Results—Among the 92 animals, 82 (89.1%) were
discharged alive after surgery. Sixty-four (69.6%)
patients received surgical intervention within 12
hours of admission, and 84 (91.3%) received surgical
intervention within 24 hours of admission. Median
time from admission to discharge was 4 days (2 to 33
days). Data for acute cases (68 dogs and cats) were
analyzed separately. Sixty-three (92.6%) patients with
acute diaphragmatic hernia received surgical intervention
within 24 hours of admission to the hospital,
and 59 (93.7%) of these patients were discharged
alive. Twenty-nine (42.6%) patients with acute
diaphragmatic hernia received surgical intervention
within 24 hours of trauma, and 26 of 29 (89.7%)
patients were discharged alive. An overall acute and
chronic perioperative survival rate of 89.7% was
observed in dogs and cats that received surgical intervention
within 24 hours of admission.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results in 68
dogs and cats that underwent surgery within 24 hours
of admission suggested that early surgical intervention
for acute diaphragmatic hernia was associated with
good perioperative survival rates. (J Am Vet Med Assoc
2005;227:105–109)