bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does government spending cointegrate with bank lending? Evidence from Eurozone panel data
Authors: Dalla Eleni , Papadamou Stephanos , Varelas Erotokritos , Argyropoulos Athanasios 
Published: April 2024

PurposeOur purpose is the examination of the effects of fiscal policy on private lending for the Eurozone countries. The emphasis is on the identification of the time path of government spending and bank lending.Design/methodology/approachFiscal policy is a main factor of macroeconomic stability for the euro area economy. This paper, investigates the impact of government spending on bank lending. For this reason, we present a dynamic theoretical model with a perfectly competitive banking sector, estimated using panel cointegration for the Eurozone countries from 2000Q1 to 2022Q2.FindingsOur findings highlight that, in the long run, consistent management of government spending can have a beneficial multiplicative impact on bank lending for housing and business reasons. This finding is stronger in magnitude for business versus housing lending. The high level of homogeneity of our results across Eurozone countries has positive implications for a common fiscal policy in the future. Finally, authorities should know that policy adjustments are quicker in housing lending when compared to business lending.Originality/valueIn this paper, we contribute to the existing literature, concentrating on the investigation of any existence of long-run and short-run relationships between government spending and bank lending. Additionally, our analysis allows one to investigate the contribution of each Eurozone member state in the short-run and long-run model’s dynamics, providing significant outcomes for the implementation of economic policy and the need for fiscal discipline in the Eurozone.
Governance mediation in the era of disruptive technologies: unveiling new perspectives on the risk of material misstatements
Authors: Elnahass Marwa , Jia Xinrui , Crawford Louise 
Published: April 2024

Purpose
This study aims to examine the mediating effects of corporate governance mechanisms like the board of directors on the association between disruptive technology adoption by audit clients and the risk of material misstatements, including inherent risk and control risk. In particular, the authors study the mediating effects of board characteristics such as board size, independence and gender diversity.

Design/methodology/approach
Based on a sample of 100 audit clients listed on the FTSE 100 from 2015 to 2021, this study uses structural equation modelling to test the research objectives.

Findings
The findings indicate a significant and negative association between disruptive technology adoption by audit clients and inherent risk. However, there is no significant evidence observed for control risk. The utilisation of disruptive technology by the audit client has a significant impact on the board characteristics, resulting in an increase in board size, greater independence and gender diversity. The authors also find strong evidence that board independence mediates the association between disruptive technology usage and both inherent risk and control risk. In addition, board size and gender exhibit distinct and differential mediating effects on the association and across the two types of risks.

Research limitations/implications
The study reveals that the significant role of using disruptive technology by audit clients in reducing the risk of material misstatements is closely associated with the board of directors, which makes audit clients place greater emphasis on the construction of effective corporate governance.

Practical implications
This study offers essential primary evidence that can assist policymakers and standard setters in formulating guidance and recommendations for board size, independence and gender quotas, ensuring the enhancement of effective governance and supporting the future of audit within the next generation of digital services.

Social implications
With respect to relevant stakeholders, it is imperative for audit clients to recognise that corporate governance represents a fundamental means of addressing the ramifications of applying disruptive technology, particularly as they pertain to inherent and control risks within the audit client.

Originality/value
This study contributes to the existing literature by investigating the joint impact of corporate governance and the utilisation of disruptive technology by audit clients on inherent risk and control risk, which has not been investigated by previous research.
Healthy eating index and muscle mass are associated stronger with blood pressure than muscle strength in adolescent girls living in urban area
Authors: Cahyanillah Dwi , Melani Vitria , Kuswari Mury , Sitoayu Laras , Angkasa Dudung 
Published: April 2024

Purpose
This study aims to examine the relationship between muscle strength, eating index and blood pressure in adolescent girls. Growing studies show earlier onset of hypertension in youth. The prevalence may deteriorate during the COVID-19 pandemic due to unhealthy behavioral changes. Muscle mass (MM) is reported to be associated with blood pressure (BP), but there are limited studies that observed the relationship between the functional properties of muscle (muscle strength [MS]), healthy eating index (HEI) and BP.

Design/methodology/approach
This cross-sectional study involved 499 girls aged 15–18 years. HEI was generated from a 24-h food recall. MM and body fat (BF) were measured by bioelectrical impendence analysis (BIA), and MS and BP were measured by hand grip and Tensimeter, respectively. Multiple linear tests were performed to obtain an adjusted model.

Findings
Almost five out of 100 girls had high BP (4.8%) and a good diet (4%). The majority of them had desirable MM (75.9%) and low MS (50.1%). HEI negatively and MS are positively associated with systolic blood pressure (SBP). The inclusion of MM in the model diminished the association between MS and SBP completely. After adjustment for age and BF, only MM (ß = 0.19, 95% CI = 0.35, 0.95) was associated with SBP. HEI was inversely (ß = −0.16, 95% CI = −0.31, −0.09) whereas MM (ß = 0.13, 95% CI = 0.11, 0.53) was positively associated with diastolic BP.

Research limitations/implications
Studies associating MM or MS with better physical performance and metabolic health are mostly reported in the elderly; current finding contributes to the lack of literature and implies the importance of examining those associations at a younger age.

Originality/value
HEI and MM are associated with young girls’ BP in different directions. Healthy eating and engagement in activities to optimize muscle function should be promoted in adolescent girls to alleviate the risk of getting cardiovascular disease.
Exploring determinants impacting foreign direct investment in the real estate sector: a study on the Indian economy
Authors: Mehta Niharika , Gupta Seema , Maitra Shipra 
Published: April 2024

PurposeForeign direct investment in the real estate (FDIRE) sector is required to bridge the gap between investment needed and domestic funds. Further, foreign direct investment is gaining importance because other sources of raising finance such as External Commercial Borrowing and foreign currency convertible bonds have been banned in the Indian real estate sector. Therefore, the objective of the study is to explore the determinants attracting foreign direct investment in real estate and to assess the impact of those variables on foreign direct investments in real estate.Design/methodology/approachJohansen cointegration test, vector error correction model along with variance decomposition and impulse response function are employed to understand the nexus of the relationship between various macroeconomic variables and foreign direct investment in real estate.FindingsThe results indicate that infrastructure, GDP and tourism act as drivers of foreign direct investment in real estate. However, interest rates act as a barrier.Originality/valueThis article aimed at exploring factors attracting FDIRE along with estimating the impact of identified variables on FDI in real estate. Unlike other studies, this study considers FDI in real estate instead of foreign real estate investments.
Friction stir welding and processing of pipes: a status report on joining, materials, and industry applications
Authors: Gangil Namrata , Siddiquee Arshad Noor , Yadav Jitendra , Yadav Shashwat , Khare Vedant , Mittal Neelmani , Sharma Sambhav , Srivastava Rittik , Mohammed Sohail Mazher Ali Khan M.A.K. 
Published: April 2024

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to compile a comprehensive status report on pipes/piping networks across different industrial sectors, along with specifications of materials and sizes, and showcase welding avenues. It further extends to highlight the promising friction stir welding as a single solid-state pipe welding procedure. This paper will enable all piping, welding and friction stir welding stakeholders to identify scope for their engagement in a single window.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is a review paper, and it is mainly structured around sections on materials, sizes and standards for pipes in different sectors and the current welding practice for joining pipe and pipe connections; on the process and principle of friction stir welding (FSW) for pipes; identification of main welding process parameters for the FSW of pipes; effects of process parameters; and a well-carved-out concluding summary.FindingsA well-carved-out concluding summary of extracts from thoroughly studied research is presented in a structured way in which the avenues for the engagement of FSW are identified.Research limitations/implicationsThe implications of the research are far-reaching. The FSW is currently expanding very fast in the welding of flat surfaces and has evolved into a vast number of variants because of its advantages and versatility. The application of FSW is coming up late but catching up fast, and as a late starter, the outcomes of such a review paper may support stake holders to expand the application of this process from pipe welding to pipe manufacturing, cladding and other high-end applications. Because the process is inherently inclined towards automation, its throughput rate is high and it does not need any consumables, the ultimate benefit can be passed on to the industry in terms of financial gains.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the only review exclusively for the friction stir welding of pipes with a well-organized piping specification detailed about industrial sectors. The current pipe welding practice in each sector has been presented, and the avenues for engaging FSW have been highlighted. The FSW pipe process parameters are characteristically distinguished from the conventional FSW, and the effects of the process parameters have been presented. The summary is concise yet comprehensive and organized in a structured manner.
Incorporation of vasa previa screening into a routine anomaly scan: A single center cohort study
Authors: Nwandison Millicent , Daly‐Jones Elizabeth , Drought Alexandra , Story Lisa , De‐Rosnay Philippe , Sebire Neil , Nyberg David , Oyelese Yinka 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIntroductionVasa previa (VP), defined as unprotected fetal vessels traversing the membranes over the cervix, is associated with a high perinatal mortality when undiagnosed prenatally. Conversely, prenatal diagnosis with ultrasound and cesarean delivery before the membranes rupture is associated with excellent outcomes. However, controversy exists regarding screening for VP. In the UK, routine screening for VP is not recommended. The objective of this study was to report the incidence of VP and our experience in the detection of VP with a universal screening protocol at the time of the second‐trimester fetal anomaly scan with third‐trimester confirmation in an unselected population of pregnancies.Material and methodsWe performed a single‐center historical cohort study of all pregnant women who underwent routine second‐trimester anomaly screening scans at West Middlesex University Hospital, London, UK, between 2012 and 2016. Over 5 years, every patient undergoing routine anomaly screening was evaluated for VP using a systematic protocol during their 20‐week anomaly scan. Suspected cases of VP were rescanned in the third trimester by specialist sonographers with an interest in VP. The primary outcomes were the incidence and detection of VP.ResultsDuring the study period, 24 690 anatomy scans were performed. A total of 64 patients were identified as having potential VP at the second‐trimester anomaly screening scan, of which 19 were confirmed by the specialist sonographer in the third trimester and at delivery. The screen positive rate was 0.26% (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.20%–0.32%). VP at birth was found in 19/24690 births (1:1299 [95% CI: 1:832–1:2030] births). Universal screening for VP using our protocol had a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 99.78% (95% CI: 99.72%–99.84%). The false‐positive rate of the second‐trimester screen was 0.18% (95% CI: 0.13–0.24). There were no false positives or false negatives at delivery. Of the 19 patients with confirmed VP, 17 had scheduled cesarean deliveries, and two required emergency deliveries due to antepartum hemorrhage. One baby died, giving a perinatal mortality of 5%.ConclusionsVP complicates approximately 1:1300 pregnancies. Routine screening for VP yielded a 100% detection rate. We suggest the inclusion of structured VP assessment in standard fetal anomaly screening programs.
Peripheral lymphocyte count as an indicator of radiotherapy effectiveness in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Lin Hanqing , Gao Chunli , Heng Yu , Zhu Xiaoke , Wang Tian , Zhou Liang , Zhang Ming , Wu Chunping , Tao Lei 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo explore the predictive significance of baseline absolute peripheral lymphocyte counts (ALC) in the effectiveness of radiation in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HPSCC) patients.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsA retrospective study of pathologically confirmed HPSCC patients who had definitive radiation between January 2020 and January 2022 at Fudan University Eye and ENT Hospital. The routine blood results of patients were obtained to determine if the baseline ALC was connected with the response to radiation. The receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve and LASSO‐based Cox regression were employed to assess the predictive value of ALC for the efficacy of radiotherapy (RT).Main Outcome Measures and ResultsRT induced a considerable drop in ALC and the level of ALC did not revert to the baseline values 1 year after radiation. The baseline level of ALC was higher in patients who met complete response after RT. The baseline ALC and monocyte counts demonstrated the predictive value of radiation effectiveness and ALC was an independent predictor.ConclusionIn HPSCC, lymphocytes were sensitive to radiation and reduced significantly during RT. The baseline ALC might be regarded as a predictive indicator of the effectiveness of RT.
Long‐term clinical and radiological trajectories of craniocervical vasculopathy in children with PHACE syndrome
Authors: Hausman‐Kedem Moran , Widjaja Elysa , Vieira Neto Ronan J. , Pope Elena , Lara‐Corrales Irene , Dlamini Nomazulu , Macgregor Daune , Pulcine Elizabeth , Deveber Gabrielle , Moharir Mahendranath 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimTo describe the rates of stroke and craniocervical vasculopathy progression in children with posterior fossa malformations, hemangioma, arterial anomalies, coarctation of the aorta/cardiac defects, and eye abnormalities (PHACE) syndrome.MethodA single‐center, retrospective natural history study of children with PHACE syndrome. Clinical and sequential neuroimaging data were reviewed to study the characteristics and progression of vasculopathy and calculate the rates of arterial ischemic stroke (AIS) and transient ischemic stroke (TIA). Vasculopathy progression was defined as worsening or new vascular findings on follow‐up magnetic resonance angiography.ResultsThirty‐four children with cerebrovascular abnormalities at the PHACE syndrome diagnosis were studied (age range = 2 to 18 years, 85% females). Median age at the initial diagnosis was 5.5 months (interquartile range = 1–52 months); median age at the last follow‐up was 8 years 6 months (range = 2–18 years). Overall, 10 (29%) patients had radiological progression of their vasculopathy, with a cumulative progression‐free rate of 73% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.57–0.89), and a cumulative TIA‐free and AIS‐free rate of 87% (95% CI = 0.745–0.99). Vasculopathy was continuously progressive in six patients (18%) at the last follow‐up. Three patients (9%) had TIA and all had progressive vasculopathy. One patient had presumed perinatal AIS at the initial PHACE diagnosis, while no other patient experienced an AIS during the follow‐up.InterpretationIn children with PHACE syndrome, craniocervical vasculopathy is non‐progressive and asymptomatic in the majority of cases. The risk of ischemic stroke in these children is very low. Larger and prospective studies are necessary to confirm these findings.What this paper adds

Cerebrovascular vasculopathy in children with PHACE syndrome is predominantly non‐progressive and asymptomatic.
Cerebrovascular vasculopathy in children with PHACE syndrome is associated with a low risk of stroke during childhood.
In children with progressive vasculopathy, neuroimaging progression was generally slow over the first years of life.
Twin management in the mare: A review
Authors: Peere Sofie , van Den Branden Emma , Papas Marion , Gerits Ilse , Smits Katrien , Govaere Jan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTwin gestation in the mare is undesirable and can have disastrous consequences. As in many cases, the key to success in twin management lies in a thorough follow‐up and accurate recording of clinical findings in the pre‐breeding examination. A pregnancy diagnosis in the mobility phase is imperative for a good outcome in the event of twin reduction. If a twin gestation is not diagnosed during this early pregnancy stage, several other procedures exist for managing post‐fixation twins (>16 days) with varying degrees of success. Most twin pregnancies are the result of multiple ovulations (dizygotic twins). However, monozygotic twins are also sporadically diagnosed, due to the increasing number of transferred in vitro produced equine embryos. In these cases, the most optimal treatment strategy still needs to be determined. This review provides an overview of the various twin reduction techniques described with the expected prognosis as well as of some less reported techniques with their results. In addition, physiological events and the reduction techniques are demonstrated to the user in virtual 3‐dimensional illustrations.
FoodBlock: A secure and cost‐optimal framework for online food ordering using blockchain
Authors: Mittal Uday , Goyal Shivam , Gummana Egna Praneeth , Chamola Vinay , Agarwal Shivi , Mathur Trilok 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe internet has drastically changed trade and interpersonal interactions since the introduction of the pandemic. Food delivery services have expanded significantly in recent years. These services link customers with restaurants using the internet, enabling quick delivery of mobile meals. But as these businesses grow, dealing with problems like fraud and inefficiencies that may lower the quality of their services is more crucial than ever. This article lists the drawbacks of the existing food delivery services and recommends how to fix them. A blockchain‐based architecture is also used to increase security and reliability, and an auction process encourages fairness and transparency for both riders and restaurants. We have developed an auction model where the riders can quote the price they estimate for a particular delivery. Additionally, a machine‐predicted bid is also used to prevent the case where the riders would try to exploit the restaurants. This method leads to a better way of implementing online food delivery services, safeguarding the interests of customers, riders, and restaurants.
Fatigue crack growth simulation by extended finite element method: A review of case studies
Authors: Sedmak Aleksandar 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNumerical simulation of fatigue crack growth (FCG) is presented, based on the application of the extended finite element method (XFEM). Couple of case studies are presented, as a review of recent experience of the Belgrade school of XFEM simulations, established at the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering. Case studies comprised Charpy specimen with initial crack at the notch tip, oil rig pipe with an axial surface crack, pressure vessels with a crack at the welded joint with connecting pipe, turbine shaft with a crack at the transition radius, optimization of a wing spar in respect to FCG, the effect of mesh size on fatigue life estimation of a stringer panel, fatigue life estimation of wing‐to‐fuselage connecting lug, geometry effect on fatigue life of orthopedic plates and fatigue life of hip implant. Based on these case studies, XFEM is discussed in respect to its accuracy and efficiency. It is concluded that XFEM is a versatile tool for simulation of FCG, providing an excellent option for precise and reliable fatigue life of a cracked component.
Immunogenicity of Enhanced Influenza Vaccines Against Mismatched Influenza Strains in Older Adults: A Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Youhanna John , Tran Vy , Hyer Randall , Domnich Alexander 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACTAntigenic drift is a major driver of viral evolution and a primary reason why influenza vaccines must be reformulated annually. Mismatch between vaccine and circulating viral strains negatively affects vaccine effectiveness and often contributes to higher rates of influenza‐related hospitalizations and deaths, particularly in years dominated by A(H3N2). Several countries recommend enhanced influenza vaccines for older adults, who are at the highest risk of severe influenza complications and mortality. The immunogenicity of enhanced vaccines against heterologous A(H3N2) strains has been examined in nine studies to date. In six studies, an enhanced, licensed MF59‐adjuvanted trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (aIIV3) consistently increased heterologous antibody titers relative to standard influenza vaccine, with evidence of a broad heterologous immune response across multiple genetic clades. In one study, licensed high‐dose trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (HD‐IIV3) also induced higher heterologous antibody titers than standard influenza vaccine. In a study comparing a higher dose licensed quadrivalent recombinant influenza vaccine (RIV4) with HD‐IIV3 and aIIV3, no significant differences in antibody titers against a heterologous strain were observed, although seroconversion rates were higher with RIV4 versus comparators. With the unmet medical need for improved influenza vaccines, the paucity of studies especially with enhanced vaccines covering mismatched strains highlights a need for further investigation of cross‐protection in older adults.