bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distinct spatial contributions of amyloid pathology and cerebral small vessel disease to hippocampal morphology
Authors: Xhima Kristiana , Ottoy Julie , Gibson Erin , Zukotynski Katherine , Scott Christopher , Feliciano Ginelle J. , Adamo Sabrina , Kuo Phillip H. , Borrie Michael J. , Chertkow Howard , Frayne Richard , Laforce Robert , Noseworthy Michael D. , Prato Frank S. , Sahlas Demetrios J. , Smith Eric E. , Sossi Vesna , Thiel Alexander , Soucy Jean‐Paul , Tardif Jean‐Claude , Goubran Maged , Black Sandra E. , Ramirez Joel ,   for the Medical Imaging Trials Network of Canada (MITNEC)
Published: April 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONCerebral small vessel disease (SVD) and amyloid beta (Aβ) pathology frequently co‐exist. The impact of concurrent pathology on the pattern of hippocampal atrophy, a key substrate of memory impacted early and extensively in dementia, remains poorly understood.METHODSIn a unique cohort of mixed Alzheimer's disease and moderate–severe SVD, we examined whether total and regional neuroimaging measures of SVD, white matter hyperintensities (WMH), and Aβ, as assessed by 18F‐AV45 positron emission tomography, exert additive or synergistic effects on hippocampal volume and shape.RESULTSFrontal WMH, occipital WMH, and Aβ were independently associated with smaller hippocampal volume. Frontal WMH had a spatially distinct impact on hippocampal shape relative to Aβ. In contrast, hippocampal shape alterations associated with occipital WMH spatially overlapped with Aβ‐vulnerable subregions.DISCUSSIONHippocampal degeneration is differentially sensitive to SVD and Aβ pathology. The pattern of hippocampal atrophy could serve as a disease‐specific biomarker, and thus guide clinical diagnosis and individualized treatment strategies for mixed dementia.
Integration and characterization of a zeolite material in a microcomponent for measurements of environmental carbon dioxide
Authors: Åkerfeldt Erika , Thornell Greger , Persson Anders 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study demonstrates integration of a zeolite material in a ceramic microcomponent intended for use in sampling and analysis of environmental carbon dioxide (CO2). The zeolite material was integrated in bulk form, allowing for adsorption of large quantities of CO2 compared to previous integration attempts as thin films. To obtain a porous bulk material, an injectable slurry was developed, where expandable polymeric microspheres were added as a sacrificial template. By varying water and sphere contents of the slurry, it was possible to tune the porosity of the zeolite material between 55% and 72%. This in turn affected the flow resistance of the microcomponents, where an increase in the porosity of the filling from 62% to 72% reduced the flow resistance from 84 to 28 kPa min cm−3. In addition, the spheres facilitated complete fillings free from cracks. The zeolite material was seen to retain its ability to adsorb CO2 after processing, but it was not possible to quantify the level of retention compared to unprocessed zeolite.
Geophysical Methods Reveal Aviation Impacturbation and Inform Forensic Archaeological Recovery of Historic Aircraft Crash Sites
Authors: Chadwick William , Palmiotto Andrea 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACTThis paper demonstrates the utility of ground‐penetrating radar (GPR) to inform forensic archaeology recovery efforts of missing service members from historic conflict‐related aircraft crash sites. This approach is becoming more common and improving recovery strategies by pinpointing potential subsurface anomalies prior to excavation. Two examples of recovery efforts at WWII aircraft crash sites are presented, revealing the diversity of landscape upheaval signatures that result from aircraft impacts. In both situations, the GPR successfully located feature boundaries and identified aviation impacturbation. The landscape signature varied in both cases due to factors including the trajectory and velocity of the aircraft crash and the topography of the impacted landscape. Notably, a ‘halo’ effect was identified in association with one crash site, revealing the force of the impact on sandy soils. Recognition of these anthropogenic signals is important to promote effective recovery strategies, thus saving time, labour and funds, particularly in historic sites where postincident taphonomic conditions have severely altered the morphology of the landscape.
Effect of preoperative alpha‐blockers on ureteroscopy outcomes: A meta‐analysis of randomised trials
Authors: Bhojani Naeem , Chew Ben H. , Bhattacharyya Samir , Krambeck Amy E. , Ghani Khurshid R. , Miller Larry E. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectivesThis work aims to determine the efficacy and safety of preoperative alpha‐blocker therapy on ureteroscopy (URS) outcomes.MethodsIn this systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomised trials of URS with or without preoperative alpha‐blocker therapy, outcomes included the need for ureteral dilatation, stone access failure, procedure time, residual stone rate, hospital stay, and complications. Residual stone rates were reported with and without adjustments for spontaneous stone passage, medication noncompliance, or adverse events leading to patient withdrawal. Data were analysed using random‐effects meta‐analysis and meta‐regression. Certainty of evidence was assessed using the GRADE criteria.ResultsAmong 15 randomised trials with 1653 patients, URS was effective and safe with a stone‐free rate of 81.2% and rare (2.3%) serious complications. The addition of preoperative alpha‐blockers reduced the need for ureteral dilatation (risk ratio [RR] = 0.48; 95% CI = 0.30 to 0.75; p = 0.002), access failure rate (RR = 0.36; 95% CI = 0.23 to 0.57; p < 0.001), procedure time (mean difference [MD] = −6 min; 95% CI = −8 to −3; p < 0.001), risk of residual stone in the primary (RR = 0.44; 95% CI = 0.33 to 0.66; p < 0.001) and adjusted (RR = 0.52; 95% CI = 0.40 to 0.68; p < 0.001) analyses, hospital stay (MD = −0.3 days; 95% CI = −0.4 to −0.1; p < 0.001), and complication rate (RR = 0.46; 95% CI = 0.35 to 0.59; p < 0.001). Alpha‐blockers increased ejaculatory dysfunction risk and were less effective for renal/proximal ureter stones. The certainty of evidence was high or moderate for all outcomes. The main limitation of the review was inconsistency in residual stone assessment methods.ConclusionWhile URS is an effective and safe treatment for stone disease, preoperative alpha‐blocker therapy is well tolerated and can further improve patient outcomes.
The value of intratumoral microbiota in the diagnosis and prognosis of tumors
Authors: Zhou Lujia , Zhang Wenjie , Fan Shiying , Wang Daorong , Tang Dong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIntratumoral microbiota (ITM) are microorganisms present in tumor cells. ITM participate in tumor development by affecting tumor cells directly and the tumor microenvironment (TME), indirectly. Alterations in ITM instigate changes in tumor DNA, activate oncogenic pathways, induce tumor inflammatory responses, disrupt normal immune activity, and facilitate the secretion of effectors leading to tumor progression, metastasis, or diminished therapeutic effects. ITM varies significantly in different types of cancer cells and disease states. The presence of certain ITM serves as a predictor of various disease states. Thus, ITM predicts tumorigenesis, tumor grade, treatment efficacy, and prognosis, making it a potential tumor biomarker. The present study aimed to determine the mechanisms by which ITM affects tumor development, especially through the TME; highlight the significant potential of ITM in enhancing tumor diagnosis and prognosis; and outline future directions for ITM research, with a focus on the development of innovative tumor markers.
Mass Transfer Behavior and Energy Utilization Efficiency of a Fixed Bed Suspended in a Stirred Tank Reactor
Authors: Soliman Mohamed S. , Nosier Shaaban A. , Hussein Mohamed , Abdel‐Aziz Mohamed H. , Sedahmed Gomaa H. , El‐Naggar Mohamed A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe present study contributes to overcoming the serious drawback of the traditional stirred slurry catalytic reactor, namely, the costly and time‐consuming separation of the catalyst particles from the final product using a stationary fixed bed of Raschig rings placed above a rotating impeller. The rate of diffusion‐controlled reactions was measured in terms of the mass transfer coefficient under different conditions of impeller rotation speed, Raschig ring diameter, and bed height. The rate of mass transfer was determined by a technique which involves measuring the rate of diffusion‐controlled dissolution of copper in acidified dichromate. The data were correlated by a dimensionless correlation which can be used to scale up and design the reactor. The reactor performance was measured in terms of the mass transfer coefficient and the energy utilization efficiency. Possible applications of the reactor in conducting diffusion‐controlled reactions were highlighted.
Recent Progress in Antisolvent Crystallization of Pharmaceuticals with a Focus on the Membrane‐Based Technologies
Authors: Haghighizadeh Atoosa , Mahdavi Hossein , Rajabi Omid 
Published: April 2024

AbstractContinuous crystallization of pharmaceuticals has been in the center of attention during the past two decades, with a more focus on the large‐scale production of active pharmaceutical ingredients. The increasing demand for pharmaceuticals requires high‐throughput production of drug crystals with different solubilities, stabilities, shapes, habits, polymorphs, and size distributions. With numerous advantages including low cost, ease of scale‐up, and superior control over polymorph and size distribution of drug crystals, antisolvent crystallization is one of the most promising crystallization methods recently attempted. However, it fails to deliver the required characteristic where the crystal systems tend to grow and for the preparation of metastable polymorphs. This review focuses on the most recent efforts to tackle these drawbacks by coupling antisolvent crystallization with cooling, supercritical‐assisted, microfluidics‐assisted, and membrane‐assisted crystallization. This systematic review aims to provide a concise summary of each coupled antisolvent technique and their positive and negative aspects. This review can be used as a guideline for pharmacist, biologists, and chemists, who are interested in the crystal engineering of pharmaceuticals to pave the way for further developments in this field.
How do roll timing and seeding rate affect lentil yields?
Authors: Bourgault Maryse , Miller Perry R. , Fordyce Simon , Lamb Peggy F. , Holmes Jeff , Koeshall Samuel T. , Carr Patrick M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractLentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) production has increased exponentially in Montana in the last two decades. However, there are important gaps in knowledge on best management practices for lentil. Agronomic recommendations are based on performance of old cultivars outside of the area for seeding rate, and on anecdotal evidence for proper roll timing, particularly since the widespread adoption of no‐till farming. Replicated field experiments were conducted at three sites during the 2019, 2020, and 2021 growing seasons in Montana to determine the impacts of roll timing and seeding rate on lentil yield and identify best practices. Overall, rolling at emergence and at the 10‐leaf stage decreased yields by 5% and 8%, respectively, but rolling just after planting or at the early vegetative stage (two‐ to four‐leaf stage) did not decrease yields. Higher yields were achieved at higher seeding rates, with yields increasing between 6 and 52 lb ac−1 for each additional plant established per square foot, but emergence rates were variable and relatively low, so a higher seeding rate may be necessary to achieve plant densities above 12 plants ft−2 in this region. In five out of nine site years, the largest partial economic returns were achieved with 22.5 or 30 live seeds ft−2 seeding rate, corresponding to achieved plant densities of 12 to 16 plants ft−2. It was generally economical to increase seeding rate from 15 to 22.5 live seeds ft−2, thus increasing average achieved plant density from 8 to 13 plants ft−2, except when seed costs were high (>$0.45 lb−1) combined with low market prices (< $0.20 lb−1).
Dinuclear Rhenium(I) Tricarbonyl Complexes as Anticancer Drug Candidates
Authors: Montesdeoca Nicolás , Borkar Reema L. , Sathiyendiran Malaichamy , Karges Johannes 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCancer is one of the deadliest diseases worldwide. Chemotherapy remains one of the most dominant forms for anticancer treatment. Despite their clinical success, the used chemotherapeutic agents are associated with severe side effect and pharmacological limitations. To overcome these drawbacks there is a need for the development of new types of chemotherapeutic agents. Herein, the chemical synthesis and biological evaluation of dinuclear rhenium(I) complexes as potential chemotherapeutic drug candidates are proposed. The metal complexes were found to be internalized by an energy dependent endocytosis pathway, primary accumulating in the mitochondria. The rhenium(I) complexes demonstrated to induce cell death against a variety of cancer cells in the micromolar range through apoptosis. The lead compound showed to eradicate a pancreatic carcinoma multicellular tumor spheroid at micromolar concentrations.
Structural and Electronic Chirality in Inorganic Crystals: from Construction to Application
Authors: Zhang Yudi , Ma Yuzhe , Sun Wen , Li Wei , Li Guowei 
Published: April 2024

AbstractChirality represents a fundamental characteristic inherent in nature, playing a pivotal role in the emergence of homochirality and the origin of life. While the principles of chirality in organic chemistry are well‐documented, the exploration of chirality within inorganic crystal structures continues to evolve. This ongoing development is primarily due to the diverse nature of crystal/amorphous structures in inorganic materials, along with the intricate symmetrical and asymmetrical relationships in the geometry of their constituent atoms. In this review, we commence with a summary of the foundational concept of chirality in molecules and solid states matters. This is followed by an introduction of structural chirality and electronic chirality in three‐dimensional and two‐dimensional inorganic materials. The construction of chirality in inorganic materials is classified into physical photolithography, wet‐chemistry method, self‐assembly, and chiral imprinting. Highlighting the significance of this field, we also summarize the research progress of chiral inorganic materials for applications in optical activity, enantiomeric recognition and chiral sensing, selective adsorption and enantioselective separation, asymmetric synthesis and catalysis, and chirality‐induced spin polarization. This review aims to provide a reference for ongoing research in chiral inorganic materials and potentially stimulate innovative strategies and novel applications in the realm of chirality.
Polymorphism of Two‐Dimensional Semiconducting Coordination Polymers: Impact of a Lead–Sulfur Network on Photoconductivity
Authors: Akiyoshi Ryohei , Shibahara Hiroki , Saeki Akinori , Mori Yuki , Kawaguchi Shogo , Yoshikawa Hirofumi , Ogasawara Kazuyoshi , Tanaka Daisuke 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSulfur‐coordinated coordination polymers (S−CPs) have unique optoelectrical properties that originate from infinite M−S bond networks. In this study, we synthesized and characterized two polymorphs of a two–dimensional (2D) Pb(II) S−CP with a formula of [Pb(tzdt)(OAc)] (Htzdt=1,3‐thiazolidine‐2‐thione, OAc=acetate). Our findings revealed that the thermodynamic product (KGF‐26) possesses quasi‐2D (−Pb−S−)n layers with weak nonbonded Pb−S bonds, whereas the kinetic product (KGF‐27) has intrinsic 2D (−Pb−S−)n layers with Pb−S bonds. The results of time‐resolved microwave conductivity measurements and first–principles calculations confirmed that KGF‐27 exhibits higher photoconductivity than KGF‐26, which establishes that the inorganic (−Pb−S−)n networks with Pb−S bonds are crucial for achieving high photoconductivity. This is the first experimental demonstration of the impact of the (−M−S−)n networks in S−CPs on photoconductivity through the comparison of crystal polymorphisms.
Identification of potential drug targets for allergic diseases from a genetic perspective: A mendelian randomization study
Authors: Wang Hui , Pang Jianyu , Zhou Yuguan , Qi Qi , Tang Yuheng , Gul Samina , Sheng Miaomiao , Dan Juhua , Tang Wenru 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundAllergic diseases typically refer to a heterogeneous group of conditions primarily caused by the activation of mast cells or eosinophils, including atopic dermatitis (AD), allergic rhinitis (AR), and asthma. Asthma, AR, and AD collectively affect approximately one‐fifth of the global population, imposing a significant economic burden on society. Despite the availability of drugs to treat allergic diseases, they have been shown to be insufficient in controlling relapses and halting disease progression. Therefore, new drug targets are needed to prevent the onset of allergic diseases.MethodWe employed a Mendelian randomization approach to identify potential drug targets for the treatment of allergic diseases. Leveraging 1798 genetic instruments for 1537 plasma proteins from the latest reported Genome‐Wide Association Studies (GWAS), we analyzed the GWAS summary statistics of Ferreira MA et al. (nCase = 180,129, nControl = 180,709) using the Mendelian randomization method. Furthermore, we validated our findings in the GWAS data from the FinnGen and UK Biobank cohorts. Subsequently, we conducted sensitivity tests through reverse causal analysis, Bayesian colocalization analysis, and phenotype scanning. Additionally, we performed protein‐protein interaction analysis to determine the interaction between causal proteins. Finally, based on the potential protein targets, we conducted molecular docking to identify potential drugs for the treatment of allergic diseases.ResultsAt Bonferroni significance (p < 3.25 × 10−5), the Mendelian randomization analysis revealed 11 significantly associated protein‐allergic disease pairs. Among these, the increased levels of TNFAIP3, ERBB3, TLR1, and IL1RL2 proteins were associated with a reduced risk of allergic diseases, with corresponding odds ratios of 0.82 (0.76–0.88), 0.74 (0.66–0.82), 0.49 (0.45–0.55), and 0.81 (0.75–0.87), respectively. Conversely, increased levels of IL6R, IL1R1, ITPKA, IL1RL1, KYNU, LAYN, and LRP11 proteins were linked to an elevated risk of allergic diseases, with corresponding odds ratios of 1.04 (1.03–1.05), 1.25 (1.18–1.34), 1.48 (1.25–1.75), 1.14 (1.11–1.18), 1.09 (1.05–1.12), 1.96 (1.56–2.47), and 1.05 (1.03–1.07), respectively. Bayesian colocalization analysis suggested that LAYN (coloc.abf‐PPH4 = 0.819) and TNFAIP3 (coloc.abf‐PPH4 = 0.930) share the same variant associated with allergic diseases.ConclusionsOur study demonstrates a causal association between the expression levels of TNFAIP3 and LAYN and the risk of allergic diseases, suggesting them as potential drug targets for these conditions, warranting further clinical investigation.
Photophysics of Benzoxazole and Dicyano Functionalised Diketopyrrolopyrrole Derivatives: Insights into Ultrafast Processes and the Triplet State
Authors: Panthi Yadu Ram , Thottappali Muhammed Arshad , Horáková Petra , Kubáč Lubomír , Pfleger Jiří , Menšík Miroslav , Khan Tuhin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDiketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) functionalised with an electron donating unit acts as a donor‐acceptor molecules that have shown potential for application in dyes and photovoltaics. These molecules offer broad absorption/emission properties and structure‐dependent dynamics. In this study, we used femtosecond pump‐probe spectroscopy to investigate the photo‐initiated dynamics of thiophene linked DPP derivatives. The thio‐DPPs are further functionalised by different electrons withdrawing terminal groups, namely benzoxazole and thiophene dicyanide. The benzoxazole derivative is strongly emissive and directly relaxes directly to the ground state chloroform solution. Thiophene dicyanide derivative exhibits distinct spectral evolution in the first 10 ps, associated with structural and vibronic process. Later, it crosses over to the triplet state with a yield of 20 %. In the solid‐state (thin film), we observed a signal that resembles singlet fission. However, upon careful analysis of temperature‐dependent steady state absorbance spectra, we conclude that these features are due to laser‐induced thermal artifacts. We describe a simplified excited state evolution in the thin film that does not include any additional excited states. These findings have significant implications for the analysis of triplet formation, which plays a major role in the photophysics of many organic materials.
Do Patient's Interpersonal Problems Improve Following Metacognitive Therapy? A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Strand Eivind R. , Nordahl Henrik 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACTMetacognitive therapy (MCT) aims to modify dysfunctional metacognitions that are thought to be universal determinants of emotional distress and psychological dysfunction more generally. MCT is an effective treatment for emotional distress symptoms, but less is known about its effect for other types of psychological problems. Interpersonal problems are common in psychological disorders and should be improved following psychotherapy. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis of trials on the effects associated with MCT for interpersonal problems among adults with mental health disorders published until 15 November 2023 using PubMed, Cochrane Library and PsycNet. Trials with a minimum of 10 participants were included. A total of six studies based on five trials reported on the effectiveness of MCT for interpersonal problems and met our inclusion criteria. Two trials evaluated MCT for patients with major depressive disorders, two for patients with anxiety disorders and one for borderline personality disorder. Three of the trials were randomized controlled trials. Four of the trials reported follow‐up data but varied in their time‐points. The within‐group effect size estimate from pretreatment to posttreatment across five trials was large (g = 0.865, 95% CI [0.512–1.218]). Our results indicate that MCT is an effective treatment for improving interpersonal problems in individuals with common mental disorders, even though the treatment is short and primarily concern improving mental regulation through modifying metacognitions. While this finding is in line with metacognitive theory, more trials evaluating personality and interpersonal functioning are needed to draw firm conclusions.