bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Highly Thiocyanate‐Selective Membrane Electrode Based on the Bis(Benzoylacetone) propylenediimine Copper(II)Complex
Authors: Rezaei Behzad , Meghdadi Soraya , Nafisi Vajihe , Bagherpour Saeid 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA potentiometric thiocyanate‐selective sensor based on copper(II) bis(benzoylacetone)propylenediimine complex as a new neutral carrier for a thiocyanate‐selective electrode is reported. The response mechanism is discussed in view of the UV spectroscopy technique. The sensor displays a near Nernestian slope of ‐57.4 ± 0.5 mV per decade. The working concentration range of the electrode is 8.0×10‐7‐1.0×10‐1 M with a detection limit of 7.4×10‐7 M. The response time of the sensor in the all concentration ranges is very short (5‐10 s). The response of the sensor is independent of pH, in the pH range of 1.7–11.5. The best performance was obtained with a membrane composition of 32.69 % PVC, 57.34 % dibutyl phthalate, 6.82 % complex and 3.15 % methyltrioctylammonium chloride (MTOAC) as additive. The proposed electrode is more selective than other proposed methods for determination of thiocyanate ion over a wide variety of common inorganic and organic anions and it was successfully applied to direct determination of thiocyanate in the presence of other anions in biological, water and waste water samples.
Multicentric Castleman's disease treated with combination chemotherapy and rituximab in four HIV‐positive men: A case series
Authors: Bestawros Alain , Michel René , Séguin Chantal , Routy Jean‐Pierre 
Published: November 2007

AbstractMulticentric Castleman's disease (MDC) is a rare herpesvirus‐8‐related prelymphomatous condition that may develop in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Therapy for MCD is not well established and most often includes: corticosteroids, single or combined chemotherapy, anti‐CD20 monoclonal antibody and antiretroviral therapy. In order to obtain a rapid and long‐lasting clinical response, we are reporting on a short course of anthracycline‐based chemotherapy associated with rituximab in HIV‐positive patients with MCD. Our study suggests that the combined immuno‐chemotherapy approach may represent a valid strategy with acceptable toxicity in patients with severe and extensive MDC. Further studies will be needed to assess the efficacy and safety of such an approach, and to identify risk factors predictive of long‐term tolerance in HIV patients with different degrees of immunosuppression. Am. J. Hematol., 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
In vitro antibacterial and antifungal assay of poly‐(ethylene oxamide‐N,N′‐diacetate) and its polymer–metal complexes
Authors: Ahamad Tansir , Kumar Vikrant , Parveen Shadma , Nishat Nahid 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA new polyester, poly‐(ethylene oxamide‐N,N′‐diacetate) (PEODA), containing glycine moiety was synthesized by the reaction of oxamide‐N,N′‐diacetic acid and ethylene glycol and its polymer–metal complexes were synthesized with transition metal ions. The monomer oxamide‐N,N′‐diacetic acid was prepared by the reaction of glycine and diethyl oxalate. The polymer and its metal complexes were characterized by elemental analysis and other spectroscopic techniques. The in vitro antibacterial activities of all the synthesized polymers were investigated against some bacteria and fungi. The analytical data revealed that the coordination polymers of Mn(II), Co(II) and Ni(II) are coordinated with two water molecules, which are further supported by FTIR spectra and TGA data. The polymer–metal complexes showed excellent antibacterial activities against both types of microorganisms; the polymeric ligand was also found to be effective but less so than the polymer–metal complexes. On the basis of the antimicrobial behavior, these polymers may be used as antifungal and antifouling coating materials in fields like life‐saving medical devices and the bottoms of ships. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Jatropha biodiesel fueling sustainability?
Authors: Achten Wouter MJ , Mathijs Erik , Verchot Louis , Singh Virendra P , Aerts Raf , Muys Bart 
Published: November 2007

AbstractJatropha curcas is a multipurpose, drought‐resistant, biofuel tree originating from Central and South America, but now growing pantropic. The tree produces seeds containing 27–40% inedible oil, which is easily convertible into biodiesel. Although even some basic agronomic characteristics of J. curcas are not yet fully under‐s‐tood, the plant enjoys a booming interest, which may hold the risk of unsustainable practice. Our qualitative sustainability assessment, focusing on environmental impacts and strengthened by some socio‐economic issues, is quite favorable as long as only wastelands or degraded grounds are taken into J. curcas cultivation. Preliminary lifecycle energy and greenhouse gas (GHG) balances are positive, but the GHG balance is expected to be much dependent on the type of land use which is converted to J. curcas. Removing natural forest will have a severe impact on the global warming potential of the jatropha biodiesel. The cultivation intensity and the distance to markets are expected to have a significant impact on the GHG balance as well. Similar reasoning applies for the impact on soil, water, vegetation structure and biodiversity, although the latter will always depend on local circumstances. Next to biodiesel production and wasteland reclamation, J. curcas also hosts socio‐economic development potential. The multipurpose character of the plant and the labor‐intensive production chain are thought to be the main drivers for rural development, but are uncertain. In order to achieve best results with respect to both environmental and socio‐economic issues, decisions have to be based on local environmental, economical, cultural and social characteristics. © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Egr1 and Gas6 facilitate the adaptation of HEK‐293 cells to serum‐free media by conferring enhanced viability and higher growth rates
Authors: Jaluria Pratik , Konstantopoulos Konstantinos , Betenbaugh Michael , Shiloach Joseph 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAnimal‐derived serum is an essential media supplement for mammalian cells in cell culture. For a number of reasons including cost, regulatory concerns, lot inconsistency, potential contamination with adventitious agents, and down‐stream processing it is desirable to eliminate the use of serum. Existing protocols designed to adapt cells to serum‐free media (SFM) are time‐consuming and provide little insight into how the cells adapt. To better understand the physiological responses associated with serum withdrawal and to expedite the adaptation process, a Human Embryonic Kidney‐293 (HEK‐293) cell line was propagated in 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and was progressively adapted to SFM and analyzed at specific serum levels by oligonucleotide microarrays. Of the differentially expressed genes two, early growth response 1 (egr1) and growth arrest specific 6 (gas6), were selected for further analysis based on their level of differential expression, overall expression patterns, and proposed functionalities. HEK‐293 cells, propagated in 10% FBS were transfected with egr1 or gas6 and then adapted to SFM. Results indicated that higher expression of either gene moderately enhanced the ability of both cell lines to adapt to SFM. Egr1 appeared to have a greater impact on adaptability than gas6. Results also indicated that specific protein production was unaltered when the expression of egr1 was increased. Flow cytometric analysis revealed increased expression of egr1 was associated with an increase in the percentage of cells in the G2/M phases. These results indicate that enhanced expression of egr1 or gas6 facilitate adaptation to SFM by improving growth and viability. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2008;99: 1443–1452. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Primer and probe sets for group‐specific quantification of the genera Nitrosomonas and Nitrosospira using real‐time PCR
Authors: Lim Juntaek , Do Hyojin , Shin Seung Gu , Hwang Seokhwan 
Published: November 2007

AbstractUse of quantitative real‐time PCR (QPCR) with TaqMan probes is increasingly popular in various environmental works to detect and quantify a specific microorganism or a group of target microorganism. Although many aspects of conducting a QPCR assay have become very easy to perform, a proper design of oligonucleotide sequences comprising primers and a probe is still considered as one of the most important aspects of a QPCR application. This work was conducted to design group specific primer and probe sets for the detection of ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) using a real‐time PCR with a TaqMan system. The genera Nitrosomonas and Nitrosospira were grouped into five clusters based on similarity of their 16S rRNA gene sequences. Five group‐specific AOB primer and probe sets were designed. These sets separately detect four subgroups of Nitrosomonas (Nitrosomonas europaea‐, Nitrosococcus mobilis‐, Nitrosomonas nitrosa‐, and Nitrosomonas cryotolerans‐clusters) along with the genus Nitrosospira. Target‐group specificity of each primer and probe set was initially investigated by analyzing potential false results in silico, followed by a series of experimental tests for QPCR efficiency and detection limit. In general, each primer and probe set was very specific to the target group and sensitive to detect target DNA as low as two 16S rRNA gene copies per reaction mixture. QPCR efficiency, higher than 93.5%, could be achieved for all primer and probe sets. The primer and probe sets designed in this study can be used to detect and quantify the β‐proteobacterial AOB in biological nitrification processes and various environments. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2008;99: 1374–1383. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Sensitizing Properties of Heteroleptic RuII Complexes Based on 2,6‐Bis(1‐pyrazolyl)pyr­idine and 2,2′‐Bipyridine‐4,4′‐dicarboxylic Acid Ligands
Authors: Philippopoulos Athanassios I. , Terzis Aris , Raptopoulou Catherine P. , Catalano Vincent J. , Falaras Polycarpos 
Published: November 2007

AbstractStarting from the Ru(bpp)Cl3 precursor (1), a family of novel heteroleptic RuII complexes of the general formulae [Ru(bpp)(dcbpyH)(X)] [X = Cl– (2a), NCS–, (3)] and Na[Ru(bpp)(dcbpy)(CN)] (4) with the ligands 2,6‐bis(1‐pyrazolyl)pyridine (bpp) and 2,2′‐bipyridine‐4,4′‐dicarboxylic acid (dcbpyH2) has been synthesized, spectroscopically characterized, and attached to nanocrystalline TiO2 electrodes to be tested as solar cell sensitizers. Addition of HCl to (2a) led to the corresponding cationic derivative [Ru(bpp)(dcbpyH2)Cl]Cl (2b). All complexes were characterized by FT‐IR, FT‐Raman, UV/Vis, 1H NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and mass spectrometry. Complex 4 and the previously reported [Ru(bdmpp)(dcbpyH2)Cl](PF6) (5) [bdmpp is 2,6‐bis(3,5‐dimethyl‐1‐pyrazolyl)pyridine] were characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. The photo‐electochemical properties of the dyes 2–4 were investigated and the efficiency of the corresponding dye‐sensitized solar cells was compared to the sensitizing performance of the cis‐[Ru(dcbpyH)2(NCS)2](NBu4)2 (N719) dye.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Ethereal Glycoconjugated Azodyes (GADs): A New Group of Water‐Soluble, Naturalised Dyes
Authors: Bianchini Roberto , Catelani Giorgio , Cecconi Riccardo , D'Andrea Felicia , Guazzelli Lorenzo , Isaad Jalal , Rolla Massimo 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThis report deals with azodyes naturalised through glycoconjugation with a very common saccharide – lactose – and with its galactose and glucose components. The conjugation takes place through a bifunctional linker, here a terminal dibromoalkane, so the final products are very stable diether derivatives of the starting dyes. These transformations produce naturalised dyes – indeed, water‐soluble and multipurpose – that are able to dye different materials without addition of chemical additives such as surface agents.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Aberrant expression of SOX2 upregulates MUC5AC gastric foveolar mucin in mucinous cancers of the colorectum and related lesions
Authors: Park Eun Taek , Gum James R. , Kakar Sanjay , Kwon Sung Won , Deng Guoren , Kim Young S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractMucinous colorectal cancers are characterized by abundant production of intestinal goblet cell mucin, MUC2 and frequent ectopic expression of gastric foveolar mucin, MUC5AC. SOX2, an HMG‐box transcription factor expressed in gastric mucosa but not in intestine is thought to play an important role in regulating transcription and expression of gastric differentiation related genes. Herein, we investigated the possible role of SOX2 in MUC5AC transcription and in the development of mucinous cancers. We observed good correlation between SOX2 and MUC5AC message levels in most colon cancer cell lines. SOX2 expression significantly transactivated MUC5AC promoter/reporter constructs in 3 of 5 colon cancer cell lines. We also examined SOX2 expression in normal stomach and colon, nonmucinous and mucinous colorectal cancers, serrated polyps and conventional adenomas using immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. SOX2 was expressed in the nuclei of both gastric foveolar cells and fundic glands by immunohistochemistry and in the cytoplasm by in situ hybridization. SOX2 was not expressed in normal colon but was strongly expressed in serrated polyps, mucinous and signet ring cell carcinomas, but rarely in nonmucinous carcinomas and tubular adenomas. Concordant expression of SOX2 with MUC5AC was observed in these lesions. Our results suggest that SOX2 is important in the upregulation of gastric foveolar mucin, MUC5AC in colorectal mucinous and signet ring cell carcinomas. In addition, the expression of both SOX2 and MUC5AC in serrated polyps supports the hypothesis that these polyps may be predominant precursors of mucinous and signet ring cell carcinomas of the colorectum. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Genotyping of samples lacking expected antibodies in ABO blood group
Authors: Deng Zhi‐Hui , Zeng Jian‐Qiang , Yu Qiong , Su Yu‐Qing , Liang Yan‐Lian , Lu Liang , Zhu Wei‐Gang , Yang Bao‐Cheng 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe report nine donations with ABO inconsistency in reverse typing caused by partly or entirely missing antibodies. A and B antigens and antibodies were examined by serological blood typing, and ABO deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) analyses were performed by sequence‐specific priming and sequencing. A B101 allele was demonstrable in a case with O phenotype. The molecular mechanisms in deficiency of natural ABO antibody could be partly clarified. The ABO genotyping technique is an accurate method for determining the blood samples involved in ABO grouping discrepancies and is a valuable complement to serology for correct determination of donor blood status. The mechanisms involved in the absence of potent natural antibodies directed against A and B antigen lacking on an individual's own red cell membranes remain to be further investigated. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 21:363–366, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The effect of yogurt on acetaminophen absorption by activated charcoal and burnt toast
Authors: Dasgupta Amitava , Wells Alice 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAlthough acetaminophen overdose can be treated with N‐acetylcysteine, activated charcoal is useful in preventing absorption of acetaminophen from the gut. Mixing activated charcoal with yogurt may make the dose more palatable. We investigated effects of yogurt on absorption of acetaminophen by burnt toast or activated charcoal in intestinal fluid using an in vitro model. The aliquots of phosphate buffer saline (PBS) were supplemented with high concentrations of acetaminophen after adjusting the pH to 7.2 (to mimic intestinal fluid). Then specimens were treated with various dosages (15 mg/mL, 25 mg/mL, or 50 mg/mL) of activated charcoal or burnt toast. A small amount of fluid was withdrawn at 0, 5, 10, 20, and 30 min and acetaminophen concentrations were measured by the fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA). We also treated other aliquots of PBS buffer containing acetaminophen with activated charcoal and yogurt or burnt toast and yogurt. Then small aliquots were withdrawn at specific time intervals to determine concentrations of acetaminophen. Activated charcoal was very effective in removing acetaminophen from intestinal fluids and the presence of yogurt insignificantly affected such absorptions. In contrast, burnt toast had a modest effect on removing acetaminophen from fluids but yogurt significantly increased the capability of burnt toast to absorb acetaminophen. However, the activated charcoal/yogurt combination is more effective than the burnt toast/yogurt combination for absorbing acetaminophen. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 21:393–397, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Flinders technology associates (FTA) filter paper–based DNA extraction with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detection of Pneumocystis jirovecii from respiratory specimens of immunocompromised patients
Authors: Nuchprayoon Surang , Saksirisampant Wilai , Jaijakul Siraya , Nuchprayoon Issarang 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe evaluated the diagnostic value of Flinders Technology Associates (FTA) filter paper together with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detection of Pneumocystis jirovecii (carinii) from induced sputum (IS) and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples. The study involved 162 patients with clinical diagnosis of pneumocystis pneumonia (PcP) of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) patients and other immunocompromised patients. P. jirovecii cysts or trophozoites were detected in IS and BALF by cytological method. The mitochondrial 5S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) gene of P. jirovecii was amplified from these samples by using FTA filters together with a one‐step PCR method (FTA‐PCR). With the FTA‐PCR method, the sensitivity and specificity of the test compared to microscopic examination were 67% and 90% for IS, while they were 67% and 91% for BALF, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the FTA‐PCR test was also comparable to PCR with the conventional deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) extraction method. We concluded that FTA‐PCR is useful to detect P. jirovecii in noninvasive IS. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 21:382–386, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cosmetic liposuction causes only transient elevation of acute inflammatory response and does not advance to oxidative and nitrosative stress
Authors: Chang Pi‐Yueh , Wu Tsu‐Lan , Tsao Kuo‐Chien , Sun Chien‐Feng , Wu Lily L. , Wu James T. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractCosmetic liposuction is a surgical procedure performed on normal nonobese subjects to remove unwanted fat. We are interested to know whether the impact of acute inflammatory response induced by liposuction differs from that of chronic inflammation and whether acute inflammatory response will also advance further and cause oxidative and nitrosative stress leading to various clinical complications. In our investigation we monitored 15 nonobese women prior to liposuction, and one day and one month after the surgery with multiple markers associated with chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. Our results indicate that liposuction causes only a transient elevation of acute inflammatory markers such as interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), high sensitive C‐reactive protein (hCRP), and serum amyloid A (SAA), and a transient decrease of nitric oxide (NO). Apparently the impact of liposuction for normal subjects did not advance beyond acute inflammatory response; there was little change in the levels of markers corresponding to downstream events of chronic systemic inflammation such as adhesion molecules, urinary microalbumin (uMA), homocysteine (Hcy), uric acid (UA), and markers of oxidative stress, including urinary 8‐hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8‐OhdG) and 3‐nitrotyrosine (3NT). It appears that the acute inflammatory response of cosmetic liposuction does not lead to impaired renal function and oxidative and nitrosative damage, which are frequently associated with chronic inflammation. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 21:418–425, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Contrasting Burns and Bass: Does the transactional‐transformational paradigm live up to Burns' philosophy of transforming leadership?
Authors: Khanin Dmitry 
Published: November 2007

AbstractBoth proponents and critics view the transactional‐transformational paradigm (Bass, 1997, 1998) as the brainchild of Burns' (1978) philosophy of transforming leadership. However, Burns (2003) has criticized the paradigm's narrow managerialist orientation and the claim that it is uniformly applicable to any culture and organization. In this article, I first summarize and articulate Burns' (1978, 2003) and Bass' (1985, 1998) approaches toward leadership, then compare them by using a new four‐dimensional framework. Extending previous research (Yukl, 2006), the framework represents a useful tool for detecting the commonalities and differences between leadership theories with respect to the core dimensions, categories, and aspects of leadership. My inspection indicates that Burns' and Bass' conceptions stem from disparate contexts and differ in their applicability. Thus, Burns' (1978) ideas stem from political movements ideally characterized by mutual quest for shared meaning and active collaboration between leaders and followers. Conversely, Bass' (1985) approach springs from military training in which leaders transfer existing knowledge to followers and stimulate their activity by using a variety of tools from inspirational motivation to individualized consideration. This study has important practical implications as it delineates the boundary conditions of the transactional‐transformational paradigm and warns against its uncritical adoption in incongruent leadership contexts.
The language of leaders
Authors: Brower Holly H. , Fiol C. Marlene , Emrich Cynthia G. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractInformation fatigue, analysis paralysis, communications gridlock: These and other terms entered the business lexicon with the rapid acceleration of information technology and globalization in the late 20th century. Taken together, these terms paint a picture of an increasingly complex workplace and hint at the challenges facing leaders in the 21st century. Today's leaders cannot afford to focus solely on the inspirational rhetoric that their predecessors used to build commitment. In fact, we argue that there are four significant objectives that leaders must accomplish with their language: building and breaking down commitment and building and breaking down understanding. By focusing on all four objectives, leaders engage the hearts (through commitment) and minds (through understanding) of their followers. We draw from literature in communication, management, organizational behavior, and psychology to describe and illustrate techniques and objectives with contemporary examples of executives such as Steve Jobs of Apple Computer and Gary Kelly of Southwest Airlines. By providing a thoughtful analysis of the critical language objectives and techniques in a contemporary context, we not only highlight cutting‐edge work on leader communication, but also provide actionable insights for leaders, researchers, and students who want to improve their understanding and execution of the language of leadership.