bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Asymmetric alkene reduction by yeast old yellow enzymes and by a novel Zymomonas mobilis reductase
Authors: Müller André , Hauer Bernhard , Rosche Bettina 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe genes encoding yeast old yellow enzymes (OYE 1, 2, and 3) and NAD(P)H‐dependent 2‐cyclohexen‐1‐one reductase from Zymomonas mobilis (NCR) were expressed separately in Escherichia coli. All four recombinant strains reduced the carbon double bond in α,β‐unsaturated alkenals and alkenones, however rates and enantio‐specificities differed. Which of the two possible enantiomers was predominantly formed, was not only dependent on the choice of enzyme but also on the substrate: In addition to a dependency on methylation in α‐ or β‐position, the data of this study illustrate that firstly the E‐ or Z‐configuration (cis‐ or trans‐) of the carbon double‐bond and secondly the remainder of the substrate molecule play roles in determining enantio‐specificity. Based on the currently accepted mechanism of flavin mediated anti‐hydrogenation of the carbon double bond, the data in this study may be explained by a flipped orientation of some of the substrates in the active center of OYE. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2007; 98: 22–29. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of beliefs regarding cancer risks
Authors: Stein Kevin , Zhao Luhua , Crammer Corinne , Gansler Ted 
Published: July 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND.Inaccurate beliefs about cancer risk may contribute to unhealthy lifestyle behaviors and poor adherence to recommended screening and prevention guidelines. To address this issue the current study assessed the prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of scientifically unsubstantiated beliefs about cancer risk in a representative sample of the US population.METHODS.Nine hundred fifty‐seven US adults with no history of cancer were surveyed by telephone. The survey included 12 statements about cancer risk, risk factors, and prevention that were framed to be contrary to the consensus of current scientific evidence.RESULTS.Participants were inconsistent in their ability to identify the statements as false, and appraisal accuracy was associated with several sociodemographic characteristics. Five of the 12 misconceptions were endorsed as true by at least a quarter of the respondents, and uncertainty was higher than 15% for 7 statements. At the same time, more than two‐thirds of the participants were able to identify 7 statements as false and, on average, respondents endorsed fewer than 3 statements as true. Respondents who were male, older, non‐White, less educated, and of lower income were most likely to hold inaccurate beliefs.CONCLUSIONS.A notable percentage of the participants in this study hold beliefs about cancer risk at odds with the prevailing scientific evidence. Because the population segments with the least accurate knowledge also bear the greatest burden of cancer, areas for public education and intervention efforts are identified. Cancer 2007. © 2007 American Cancer Society.
Corporate social responsiveness in the Korean electronics industry
Authors: Lee Ki‐Hoon 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to improve our understanding of corporate social responsiveness by examining the relationship between corporate responsiveness strategy and stakeholders. Employing a case study method, an empirical analysis is carried out in 15 Korean electronics companies. Depending on top managers' understanding and commitment to stakeholders, four corporate social responsibility (CSR) responsive strategies are outlined and discussed. The study contributes to managerial decision making by identifying responsiveness strategies to counter corporate competitiveness threats and loss of stakeholder trust. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Enantioselective CE method for pharmacokinetic studies on ibuprofen and its chiral metabolites with reference to genetic polymorphism
Authors: Główka Franciszek , Karaźniewicz Marta 
Published: July 2007

AbstractA stereospecific CE method was elaborated for the quantification of ibuprofen enantiomers and their major phase I metabolites: 2′‐hydroxy‐ibuprofen and 2′‐carboxy‐ibuprofen in plasma and urine. Optimal temperature and pH of BGE were established to obtain complete separation of eight ibuprofen chiral compounds and (+)‐S indobufen, applied as an internal standard, during one analytical run. After isolation from biological matrices using SPE on an octadecyl stationary phase, the analytes were separated and resolved up to 10 min in a silica capillary filled with BGE, consisting of heptakis 2,3,6‐tri‐O‐methyl‐β‐CD in triethanolamine–phosphate buffer, pH 5.0. Complete enantioseparation of the all analytes confirmed specificity of the method. The calibration curves were linear in the range of 0.1–25.0 mg/L for IBP enantiomers and their chiral metabolites in 0.5 mL of plasma and 1.0–200.0 mg/L in 0.05 mL of urine. Following SPE procedure, recovery of the chiral analytes from the two media was in the ranges of 82–87%, 90–95% and 70–76% for ibuprofen, 2′‐hydroxy‐ibuprofen and 2′‐carboxy‐ibuprofen enantiomers, respectively. The validated method was successfully applied in pharmacokinetic investigations of IBP enantiomers as well as free chiral metabolites in reference to the genetic polymorphism of CYP450 2C isoenzymes.
On‐column labeling technique and chiral CE of amino acids with mixed chiral selectors and UV detection
Authors: Han Yanli , Chen Yi 
Published: July 2007

AbstractA novel method has been developed for the on‐column labeling of amino acid enantiomers with 9‐fluoroenylmethyl chloroformate (FMOC), followed by chiral CE with a binary chiral selector system and UV detection. Efficient labeling was achieved by sequential injection of amino acids, borate buffer, and FMOC labeling solution at 0.2 psi for 6 s. After injection, the sandwich sections were electrically mixed at 250 V/cm for 6 s and allowed to react (electric field‐free) at room temperature for 2 min. With this procedure, successful online‐labeling and chiral CE separation of 19 pairs of amino acids (AA) have been conducted, giving 17 pairs fully enantioresolved (Rs = 1.73–5.79) and two pairs partially resolved (Ala, Rs = 0.39 and Arg, Rs = 1.15) using a running buffer of 150 mM borate containing 30 mM β‐CD, 30 mM sodium taurodeoxycholate (STDC), and 15% isopropanol (IPA) at pH 9.0. Chiral CE of some mixed pairs was also demonstrated, much the same as using precolumn labeling. Surprisingly, Met, Asp, Asn, Gln, and His gained even higher enantioresolution (up to 2.5%) compared with the case of precolumn labeling. As validated by both artificially prepared solutions and serum samples, the method was applicable to the quantitative determination of AA, with LODs down to 4.0 μM. The method allowed the determination of D‐AA at the ratio of 1:100 (D:L).
The patient's account of relapse and recovery in anorexia nervosa: a qualitative study
Authors: Federici Anita , Kaplan Allan S. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to explore the subjective accounts of weight‐recovered female patients, who met DSMIV criteria for anorexia nervosa (AN), regarding their views of their illness following weight restoration.MethodQualitative semi‐structured interviews were administered to 15 participants to ascertain their perspective of the factors that either contributed to their maintaining a healthy weight, or the factors involved in their having relapsed over the follow‐up period.ResultsQualitative analyses revealed six core categories: internal motivation to change, recovery as a work in progress, the perceived value of the treatment experience, developing supportive relationships, awareness and tolerance of negative emotion and self‐validation.DiscussionThis study provides valuable information about the way in which AN patients experience their illness and highlight the factors that help or hinder recovery. These findings may help enhance relapse prevention programs and potentially enhance our ability to identify and target those individuals at the greatest risk of relapsing. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
The predictive value of prostate cancer biomarkers depends on age and time to diagnosis: Towards a biologically‐based screening strategy
Authors: Vickers Andrew J. , Ulmert David , Serio Angel M. , Björk Thomas , Scardino Peter T. , Eastham James A. , Berglund Göran , Lilja Hans 
Published: July 2007

AbstractBoth benign and malignant prostate diseases elevate total prostate‐specific antigen (tPSA), and the incidence of benign disease increases markedly with age. There is evidence, however, that free‐to‐total PSA ratio (%fPSA) and human kallikrein 2 (hK2) more closely reflect the malignant process. We tested the hypothesis that tPSA levels are more strongly predictive of cancer in younger when compared to older men, whereas %fPSA and hK2 are more strongly predictive in men tested closer to diagnosis. The study included 13,676 men age ≥ 44 in Sweden, where PSA screening was uncommon during the study period. fPSA, tPSA and hK2 were measured in archived plasma collected during 1974–1986 in 501 men subsequently diagnosed with prostate cancer up to 1999 and in 1,292 matched controls. The predictive value of tPSA was lower in older men (p = 0.003) but was not strongly affected by time to diagnosis (p = 0.3); the predictive value of hK2 was higher closer to diagnosis (p < 0.0005) but was not modified by age (p = 0.7). A model including tPSA, fPSA and hK2 was superior (p = 0.02) to tPSA alone in older (AUC 0.819 vs. 0.794), but not in younger men (0.758 vs. 0.759). Total PSA can be used as a single marker at early middle age to predict long‐term risk of prostate cancer and thus to determine intensity of subsequent screening. In contrast, %fPSA and hK2 add important predictive value in older men and much closer to diagnosis. Strategies for prostate cancer screening should be based on thorough understanding of the interaction of kallikrein‐related biomarkers with prostate pathobiology. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Interaction between macrophages, TGF‐β1, and the COX‐2 pathway during the inflammatory phase of skeletal muscle healing after injury
Authors: Shen Wei , Li Yong , Zhu Jinhong , Schwendener Reto , Huard Johnny 
Published: July 2007

AbstractInflammation, an important phase of skeletal muscle healing, largely involves macrophages, TGF‐β1, and the COX‐2 pathway. To improve our understanding of how these molecules interact during all phases of muscle healing, we examined their roles in muscle cells in vitro and in vivo. Initially, we found that depletion of macrophages in muscle tissue led to reduced muscle regeneration. Macrophages may influence healing by inducing the production of TGF‐β1 and PGE2 in different muscle cell types. We then found that the addition of TGF‐β1 induced PGE2 production in muscle cells, an effect probably mediated by COX‐2 enzyme. It was also found that TGF‐β1 enhanced macrophage infiltration in wild‐type mice after muscle injury. However, this effect was not observed in COX‐2−/− mice, suggesting that the effect of TGF‐β1 on macrophage infiltration is mediated by the COX‐2 pathway. Furthermore, we found that PGE2 can inhibit the expression of TGF‐β1. PGE2 and TGF‐β1 may be involved in a negative feedback loop balancing the level of fibrosis formation during skeletal muscle healing. In conclusion, our results suggest a complex regulatory mechanism of skeletal muscle healing. Macrophages, TGF‐β1, and the COX‐2 pathway products may regulate one another's levels and have profound influence on the whole muscle healing process. J. Cell. Physiol. 214: 405–412, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Past, present and future of mass spectrometry in the analysis of residues of banned substances in meat‐producing animals
Authors: De Brabander H. F. , Le Bizec B. , Pinel G. , Antignac J.‐P. , Verheyden K. , Mortier V. , Courtheyn D. , Noppe H. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractA residue is a trace (µg kg−1, ng kg−1) of a substance, present in a matrix. Banned substances, such as growth promoters, which are abused in animal fattening and where this article is focused on, may be divided into four major groups: thyreostats, anabolics or anabolic steroids, corticosteroids and beta‐agonists or repartitioning agents. The combination of chromatographic techniques with mass spectrometry (GC‐MSn, LC‐MSn, etc.) plays a key role in the production of specific results in residue analysis. In this review, the past, present and future of mass spectrometry in this area are discussed in the light of the impact of these substances on human health and the reliable production of analytical results, ready for challenge in a court. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
STM Vizualization of Thiol‐Containing Peptide Dendrimers on Au(111)
Authors: Delort Estelle , Szöcs Edit , Widmer Roland , Siegenthaler Hans , Reymond Jean‐Louis 
Published: July 2007

AbstractPeptide dendrimers assembled by solid‐phase peptide synthesis using a branching diamino acid at every 2nd or 3rd position provide readily accessible synthetic model systems for proteins and enzymes. They adopt a globular shape by topology rather than by folding. Peptide dendrimers of 2nd and 3rd generation functionalized with a cysteine or cystine residue in the core were adsorbed on Au(111) surface and imaged by STM at air, under UHV, or in solution. The dendrimers appear as globular features with dimensions suggesting an extended flattened conformation, forming both single globules and ordered arrays on the surface. These images represent the first direct visualization of peptide dendrimer enzyme models.magnified image
EPR Study of the Interactions between Dendrimers and Peptides Involved in Alzheimer's and Prion Diseases
Authors: Klajnert Barbara , Cangiotti Michela , Calici Sara , Majoral Jean Pierre , Caminade Anne Marie , Cladera Josep , Bryszewska Maria , Ottaviani Maria Francesca 
Published: July 2007

AbstractSpin‐probe and spin‐label techniques were used to study the interactions of the Aβ 1–28 peptide involved in Alzheimer disease and the PrP 106–126 peptide suspected to be preferentially involved in spongiform encephalopathies with three different types of dendrimers. A computer‐aided EPR analysis of a positively charged and a neutral spin probe was performed by comparing the pure dendrimer and peptide systems with the dendrimer‐peptide ones. Also spin‐labeled PAMAM dendrimers were used to test the interactions. The results show the interactions between dendrimer and peptide monomer to be stronger for Aβ 1–28 than for PrP 106–126. PAMAM dendrimers perturb the aggregation of the peptides more than PPI dendrimers do.magnified image
On the Cauchy completeness of the constructive Cauchy reals
Authors: Lubarsky Robert S. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractIt is consistent with constructive set theory (without Countable Choice, clearly) that the Cauchy reals (equivalence classes of Cauchy sequences of rationals) are not Cauchy complete. Related results are also shown, such as that a Cauchy sequence of rationals may not have a modulus of convergence, and that a Cauchy sequence of Cauchy sequences may not converge to a Cauchy sequence, among others. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Admissible representations for probability measures
Authors: Schröder Matthias 
Published: July 2007

AbstractIn a recent paper, probabilistic processes are used to generate Borel probability measures on topological spacesXthat are equipped with a representation in the sense of type‐2 theory of effectivity. This gives rise to a natural representation of the set of Borel probability measures onX. We compare this representation to a canonically constructed representation which encodes a Borel probability measure as a lower semicontinuous function from the open sets to the unit interval. We show that this canonical representation is admissible with respect to the weak topology on Borel probability measures. Moreover, we prove that for countably‐based topological spaces the representation via probabilistic processes is equivalent to the canonical representation and thus admissible with respect to the weak topology. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Almost everywhere domination and superhighness
Authors: Simpson Stephen G. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractLetωbe the set of natural numbers. For functionsf,g:ω→ω, we sayf is dominated by giff(n) <g(n) for all but finitely manyn∈ω. We consider the standard “fair coin” probability measure on the space 2ωof in‐finite sequences of 0's and 1's. A Turing oracleBis said to be almost everywhere dominating if, for measure 1 manyX∈ 2ω, each function which is Turing computable fromXis dominated by some function which is Turing computable fromB. Dobrinen and Simpson have shown that the almost everywhere domination property and some of its variant properties are closely related to the reverse mathematics of measure theory. In this paper we exposit some recent results of Kjos‐Hanssen, Kjos‐Hanssen/Miller/Solomon, and others concerning LR‐reducibility and almost everywhere domination. We also prove the following new result: IfBis almost everywhere dominating, thenBis superhigh, i. e., 0″ is truth‐table computable fromB′, the Turing jump ofB. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Computable analysis of the abstract Cauchy problem in a Banach space and its applications I
Authors: Weihrauch Klaus , Zhong Ning 
Published: July 2007

AbstractWe study computability of the abstract linear Cauchy problem

equation image
where A is a linear operator, possibly unbounded, on a Banach space X. We give necessary and sufficient conditions for A such that the solution operator K: x ↦ u of the problem (1) is computable. For studying computability we use the representation approach to computable analysis developed by Weihrauch and others. This approach is consistent with the model used by Pour‐El/Richards. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Study on Influence of Gelatin‐Alginate Matrixes on the Coagulation System and Morphotic Blood Elements
Authors: Szymonowicz Maria , Pielka Stanisław , Owczarek Artur , Haznar Dorota , Pluta Janusz 
Published: July 2007

AbstractSummary: The paper presents evaluation hemolytic and hemostatic activity of gelatin‐alginate matrixes in contact with human blood in vitro studies. The percentage of hemolysis and free hemoglobin concentration were normal. The blood recalcyfication time (CT) was shortened and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) was prolonged. That sugested that coagulation processes were activated. Discrabed changes were depended an component composition of sponge.
Synthesis of Calcium Phosphate Nanoparticles in Collagen Medium
Authors: Bertran Celso A. , Allegretti Lauter J. M. , Bertazzo Sérgio 
Published: July 2007

AbstractSummary: Mineralization of the proteic matrix composed mostly of collagen type I is controlled by specific interactions of ions Ca2+ and PO, present in the biological fluid, with the matrix, and by the diffusion of these ions. The specific interactions and the diffusion of ions combined; result in the nucleation and formation of calcium phosphate particles. Moreover, they control the morphology, size, crystallinity and composition of the particles. In this work, precipitation of calcium phosphate particles in a collagen matrix type I was carried out through impregnation of the matrix with a Ca2+ and PO solution, with Ca/P ratio 1.67 and pH 2.5. Precipitation of particles associated with matrix structuring was carried out by adsorption of gaseous ammonia.
The Influence of Crosslinking Amylose‐Methacrylic Acid Graft Copolymers on the Release of BSA
Authors: Silva Itziar , Gurruchaga Mariló , Goñi Isabel 
Published: July 2007

AbstractSummary: One of the biggest challenges in the drug delivery field is to obtain oral systems for the release of peptides and proteins, enabling their use as therapeutic agents for clinical applications. The aim of this work is to obtain biodegradable copolymers suitable for the development of matrices which offer controlled release of proteins to be administered orally.Graft copolymers of amylose‐methacrylic acid were synthesized using different amounts of the crosslinker N, N′‐methylenediacrylamide. The influence on the release profiles of bovine serum albumin (BSA) was researched.
Flexural Properties of Glass Fibre Reinforced Composite with Partially Biodegradable Polymer Matrix
Authors: Väkiparta Marju , Vallittu Pekka K. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractSummary: The aim of this study was to evaluate flexural properties of a partially biodegradable glass fibre reinforced composite after water immersion and dehydration. In addition water sorption and solubility was determined. E‐glass fibres were preimpregnated with a biodegradable biopolymer of poly(hydroxyproline) amide (PA). The preimpregnated fibres were then further‐impregnated with Bis‐GMA–TEGDMA‐resin and light polymerized (n = 6). There was also specimen made of plain polymer and FRC without PA. After water immersion and/or dehydration, the specimens were tested by the three‐point bending test. The flexural strength and Young's modulus was increased in most cases after water immersion and dehydration except for PA containing specimens. The water sorption was <50 µg/mm3 for all studied specimens and solubility was 20 µg/mm3 for specimens without PA and 35 µg/mm3 for specimens with PA.
New Bioactive Ceramics Obtained by Heat Treatment of Modified Polymeric Precursors
Authors: Gumula T. , Podporska J. , Paluszkiewicz C. , Blazewicz M. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractSummary: The aim of this work was to obtain pseudowollastonite‐based ceramics and to determine its bioactive features. The materials were obtained by new method, namely thermal treatment of ceramic active fillers‐containing polysiloxane polymeric precursor. As active fillers, commercially available Ca(OH)2 and silica nanopowders (SiO2) were used. The phase composition of ceramic products were analysed by the means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X‐ray diffraction analysis (XRD). The microstructure of ceramic products were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with EDS point analysis. The bioactivity was determined in “in vitro” conditions, by immersing of ceramic samples in simulated body fluid (SBF). The results presented in this work indicate that heat treatment of active fillers‐containing polysiloxane precursor is an alternative method for receiving of pseudowollastonite‐containing materials. Such obtained samples demonstrate bioactivity in “in vitro” conditions.