bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of injectable upconversion nanoparticle‐conjugated doxorubicin theranostics electrospun nanostructure for targeted photochemotherapy in breast cancer
Authors: Khan Amreen , Tripathi Abhishek , Gandhi Mayuri , Bellare Jayesh , Srivastava Rohit 
Published: March 2024

AbstractNanotheranostic‐based photochemotherapies with targeted drug delivery have considerably surfaced in cancer therapy. In the presented work, polyethyleneimine‐coated upconversion nanoparticles were engineered to conjugate covalently with doxorubicin. Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNP)‐Doxorubicin (DOX)/synthesized epidermal growth factor receptor‐targeting peptide blended with polymer composite was electrospun and formulated as the injectable dosage form. The size of the UCNP and the nanofiber diameter were assessed as 26.75 ± 1.54 and 162 ± 2.82 nm, respectively. The optimized ratio of dopants resulted in UCNP photoluminescence with maximum emission intensity at around 800 nm upon 980 nm excitation wavelength. The paramagnetic nature of UCNPs and amide conjugation with the drug was confirmed analytically. The loading capacity of UCNP for doxorubicin was determined to be 54.56%, while nanofibers exhibited 98.74% capacity to encapsulate UCNP‐DOX. The release profile of UCNP‐DOX from nanofiber formulation ranged from sustained to controlled, with relative enhancement in acidic conditions. The nanofiber demonstrated good mechanical strength, robust swelling, and degradation rate. Biocompatibility tests showed more than 90% cell viability on L929 and NIH/3T3 cell lines with UCNP‐DOX@NF/pep nanoformulation. The IC50 values of 2.15 ± 0.54, 2.87 ± 0.67, and 3.42 ± 0.45 μg/mL on MDA‐MB‐231, 4T1, and MCF‐7 cancer cell line, respectively, with a significant cellular uptake, has been reported. The UCNP protruded a ≈62.7°C temperature rise within 5 min of 980 nm laser irradiation and a power density of 0.5 W cm−2. The nanoformulation induced reactive oxygen species of 65.67% ± 3.21% and apoptosis by arresting the cell cycle sub‐G1 phase. The evaluation conveys the effectiveness of the developed injectable theranostic delivery system in cancer therapy.
Artificial intelligence‐assisted full‐mouth radiograph mounting in dental education
Authors: Chang Jennifer , Bliss Logan , Angelov Nikola , Glick Aaron 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectivesWith the increasing prevalence of artificial intelligence (AI) and the significant research gap in the application of AI within dentistry, this study aimed to (1) evaluate the efficiency and accuracy of dental students in full‐mouth radiograph series (FMS) mounting with and without AI assistance, and (2) assess dental students' perceptions of AI in clinical education to address the impact of AI in dental education.MethodsAn AI‐based interface for mounting radiographs on FMS templates was designed and implemented in the study. Forty third‐year dental students were randomly assigned to control and test groups. The control group manually mounted FMS radiographs, while the test group reviewed AI‐pre‐mounted radiographs for adjustments. Students' performance in efficiency and accuracy was evaluated. Pre‐ and post‐study surveys were conducted to gauge students' confidence levels and opinions regarding the usefulness of the AI‐assisted program.ResultsThe test group (using AI) demonstrated significantly faster radiograph mounting times than the control group (manual) (p < 0.05). Accuracy was lower in the test groups, when comparing AI‐assisted and manual mounting of FMS (p < 0.01). Self‐confidence and confidence in AI were consistent between the control and test groups, both before and after the study.ConclusionStudents with AI presented with a decreased accuracy in FMS radiograph mounting. Therefore, AI automation could potentially have negative impacts in a learning environment with inexperienced clinicians.
Pulsed electric field‐assisted extraction of hesperidin from tangerine peel and its technological optimization through response surface methodology
Authors: Xu Lijuan , Zhu Siming , Wan Wenjing , Yu Ming , Zeng Xin'an , Deng Zhanhua 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDTangerine peel is rich in flavonoids, particularly hesperidin, which has anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant and anticancer biological activities. However, it is often wasted during citrus processing. The current common extraction method for hesperidin is solvent extraction, which has the characteristics of low extraction rate and high contamination. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of pulsed electric field‐assisted alkali dissolution extraction, followed by an acidification precipitation method, on the extraction rate and structure of hesperidin from tangerine peel.RESULTSThe results showed that the selected factors (material/liquid ratio, electric field intensity and pulse number) had a significant effect on the extraction yield. An optimum condition of 66.00 mL g−1, 4.00 kV cm−1 and 35.00 pulses gave the maximum amount (669.38 μg mL−1), which was consistent with the theoretically predicted value by software (672.10 μg mL−1), indicating that the extraction process was feasible. In addition, the purified extract was further identified as hesperidin from UV and NMR spectra.CONCLUSIONAn appropriate strength of pulsed electric field‐assisted alkali dissolution extraction followed by an acidification precipitation method can effectively improve the extraction rate of orange peel, and the purity of the extracted orange peel is higher. Compared with the traditional extraction, the pulsed electric field‐assisted extraction method may be a potential technology for hesperidin extraction, which is beneficial for the high‐value utilization of citrus resources. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
A modified Patte classification system for rotator cuff tendon retraction to predict reparability and tendon healing in arthroscopic rotator cuff repair
Authors: Takeda Yoshitsugu , Fujii Koji , Suzue Naoto , Kawasaki Yoshiteru , Sumitomo Junichiro , Nishidono Keisuke , Fujii Yugen , Kano Masashi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to propose a modified Patte classification system for tendon retraction, including the cut‐off points for predicting reparability and rotator cuff healing after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR) and assess its prediction accuracy and measurement reliability.MethodsThis retrospective study included 463 consecutive patients scheduled to undergo ARCR for full‐thickness supraspinatus tears. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to determine the cut‐off points for predicting reparability and tendon healing. The modified Patte classification system, in which these cut‐off points were combined with the original Patte classification, classified the tendon retraction as stages I–V. The prediction accuracy of reparability and tendon healing was assessed using the area under the curve (AUC). Measurement reliability was determined using Cohen's κ statistics.ResultsOf the 402 included patients, 32 rotator cuff tears were irreparable and 71 of the remaining 370 were diagnosed with healing failure. ROC analysis determined the cut‐off point of reparability at the medial one‐fifth and that of tendon healing at the medial one‐third of the humeral head. The AUC of the modified Patte classification for predicting reparability and tendon healing was 0.897 (excellent) and 0.768 (acceptable), respectively. Intra‐rater reliability was almost perfect (mean κ value: 0.875), and inter‐rater reliability was substantial (0.797).ConclusionDiagnostic performance of the modified Patte classification system was excellent for reparability and acceptable for rotator cuff healing, with high measurement reliability. The modified Patte classification system can be easily implemented in clinical practice for planning surgical procedures and counselling patients in the day‐by‐day clinical work.Level of EvidenceLevel III.
Speech and Swallowing Outcomes of Surgically Managed Cervical Chordoma: A Case Series
Authors: Yu Alice C. , Ko Myungjun , Han Albert Y. , St. John Maie , Chhetri Dinesh K. 
Published: March 2024

ObjectivesCervical chordoma is a rare, low‐grade primary bone tumor occurring in the axial skeleton. Due to challenges in surgical exposure caused by anatomic location, patients may experience dysfunction in speech and swallowing. The objective of this study was to characterize speech and swallowing outcomes for patients undergoing surgical resection of cervical chordoma. Moreover, we detail in‐depth two cases with similar initial presentations to compare prognostic factors and management strategies.MethodsEleven patients with histologically confirmed cervical chordoma treated between 1993 and 2020 were included in this retrospective case series. Outcomes measured included overall survival, disease‐free survival, need for enteral feeds, as well as results of modified barium swallow study (MBSS) and fiberoptic laryngoscopy.ResultsThe mean age at diagnosis was 55.9 years. The patient population was 81.8% male. Mean survival after diagnosis was 96 months. Four (36.4%) patients required post‐operative MBSS and demonstrated aspiration. All four of these patients presented with tumors in the superior cervical spine and received surgeries utilizing anterior approaches. Of the four, 2 required enteral feeds long‐term. Four (36.4%) patients endorsed dysphonia. One patient developed post‐operative right vocal fold paresis. The remaining three patients experienced stable dysphonia pre‐ and post‐operatively. Additionally, three (27%) patients required tracheostomy placement, two of which remained in place long‐term.ConclusionsDysphagia is a common side effect of cervical chordoma resection. It is associated with the use of an anterior approach during resection and with tumors located in the superior cervical spine. Patients with postoperative dysphagia should receive early multidisciplinary swallow rehabilitation.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 134:3706–3712, 2024
Magnetochromic Elastomer With Instant Color Changes: A Study of the Influence of Material Composition
Authors: Li Chonghui , Madsen Frederikke Bahrt , Liu Lifei , Yu Liyun , Zhao Weizhen , Skov Anne Ladegaard 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMagnetochromic materials change color upon variation in an external magnetic field. A magnetochromic elastomer resulting from the dispersion of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) in a liquid and subsequent emulsification in a crosslinkable polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is presented. The MNPs form rod‐like structures under an external magnetic field, aligning with the field and allowing light to pass through the elastomer. The elastomer thus changes from dark grey to transparent/light grey. Polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG200) is selected as carrier liquid due to the faster movement of MNPs herein than in glycerol, leading to more rapid color changes in the films. The influence of magnetic particle types (commercial, superparamagnetic, and surfactant‐coated) on the magnetochromic effects is investigated. All films exhibit optical density changes upon exposure to a magnetic field. Moreover, the films retain their color‐changing ability after cycles of 40 times exposure to a magnetic field. Compared to the synthesized superparamagnetic particles, the films with commercial particles display superior optical density change abilities, suggesting commercial MNPs are more suitable for magnetochromic films. The obtained films have promising applications as magnetical field sensors due to their simple storage requirements, rapid response, and excellent repeatability.
Kirchhoff‐type critical fractional Laplacian system with convolution and magnetic field
Authors: Liang Sihua , Zhang Binlin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we consider a class of upper critical Kirchhoff‐type fractional Laplacian system with Choquard nonlinearities and magnetic fields. With the help of the limit index theory and the concentration–compactness principles for fractional Sobolev spaces, we establish the existence of infinitely many nontrivial radial solutions for the above system. A distinguished feature of this paper is that the above Kirchhoff‐type system is degenerate, that is, the Kirchhoff term is zero at zero.
A case of primary pleural epithelioid hemangioendothelioma achieving stable disease with paclitaxel treatment: A case report and literature review
Authors: Chou Chun‐Ying , Hu Hsiang‐Wei , Chen Tom Wei‐Wu , Lin Shu‐Yung 
Published: March 2024

AbstractEpithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is a rare vascular neoplasm with a clinical behaviour that falls between a benign hemangioma and a high‐grade angiosarcoma. Pleural EHE is exceptionally rare, and its prognosis is grim, with most patients experiencing survival of less than 1 year. Here, we present a case of pleural EHE in a 45‐year‐old woman with a month‐long history of right‐sided pleuritic chest pain. Chest computed tomography revealed consolidation, atelectasis of the right lung, right pleural thickening, and pleural effusion. She underwent video‐assisted thoracoscopic surgery for decortication and was diagnosed with conclusively pleural EHE, showing a CAMTA1 rearrangement. Paclitaxel treatment, administered once weekly on days 1, 8 and 15 of a 28‐day cycle, resulted in a stable disease after 12 cycles. Managing patients with pleural EHE is challenging because there are still no established standard treatments. Our case achieved 11‐month progression‐free survival following paclitaxel treatment.
Resilient filter design of fuzzy cyber‐physical system subject to important‐data‐based DoS attacks
Authors: You Wenwen , Xie Xiangpeng , Xia Jianwei 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA serious threat to filter design is the difficulty in resisting important‐data‐based (IDB) Denial of Service (DoS) attacks. In this article, a new approach to filter design that is more relaxed and flexible in resisting IDB DoS policies is proposed. The proposed approach introduces the technique of homogeneous polynomials to develop a more general relaxed fuzzy filter design that can reduce conservatism. Moreover, it is guaranteed that the new method will obtain sets of more relaxed filter gains, which are more capable of responding to the IDB DoS policy. This enables the filter to perform more accurate signal estimation and ensures the filtering error system's performance. Finally, the reliability and effectiveness of the proposed filter method are demonstrated by two comparative examples.
Automated mission planning for aerial large‐scale power plant thermal inspection
Authors: Romanov Alexey M. , Gyrichidi Ntmitrii , Volkova Maria A. , Eroshenko Stanislav A. , Matrenin Pavel V. , Khalyasmaa Alexandra I. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractClose‐range aerial inspection of large‐scale industrial facilities such as power plants is complex. It is characterized by a few areas suitable for safe landing, many obstacles, complicated radio communication, and so forth. The paper presented a new offline approach for automated mission planning in such conditions. It is based on novel concepts of ‐shaped flight profile and safe altitude map. These concepts reduce the mission planning task to a multiple traveling salesmen problem on a two‐dimensional map, which is solved using rapidly exploring random tree and genetic algorithms. A computational fluid dynamics‐based local turbulence map concept was proposed to avoid turbulence zones during inspection flights. As an advantage, this map can be generated at least 6.8× faster than the known approaches. Our new multicopter flight time prediction model provides an error of less than 10% in most cases and significantly outperforms those implemented in commercial mission planning software. All the proposed solutions were verified during a 2400‐MW power plant inspection. Our algorithms managed to plan to visit all the inspection points in six routes, approximately 15 min long each. This mission set has a comparable overall duration but better safety and even battery usage compared with the routes planned by a qualified operator. Moreover, the designed aerial inspection system provides higher quality images than manually from the ground using a thermal camera with two times higher sensitivity and equipped with more advanced optics. To our knowledge, this research is the first to report the successful implementation of autonomous unmanned aerial vehicle‐based power equipment diagnostics on a large‐scale thermal power plant.
Design and development of multirobot system for remote repair of nuclear pipe equipment
Authors: Li Haichao , Ma Yixuan , Pan Yunlong , Xu Yong , Zhao Fusheng 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe extreme radiation environment in nuclear power plant leads to leakage of nuclear pipe equipment. It is important to repair the pipe equipment timely for nuclear safety. Manual repair on field incurs a health risk to worker. The use of robot for remote repair shows an excellent prospect. Therefore, the multirobot system (MRS) was developed and designed for field remote repair of nuclear reprocessing pipe equipment. The sensor modules and composite control strategy were developed for remote repair in the radiation environment. The remote repair of nuclear pipe equipment including both overall and partial repair has been achieved. The remote repair of the MRS is successfully performed on a full‐size stainless steel pipe model. The experimental results show that the MRS performed 63 processes with an overall time of 12,798 s, while the manual repair requires multiple people to spend many days to complete the repair. Moreover, the MRS achieves great repair quality and appearance. The MRS achieves excellent performance in remote repair of nuclear pipe equipment under extreme radiation conditions, demonstrating its capability for effective and safe operation.
Executive function, perceived stress and eating behaviours among Chinese young adults
Authors: Chen Meijun , Lam Wendy Wing Tak , Yuan Jiehu , Dong Meihong , Yang Lin , Chan Derwin King Chung , Liao Qiuyan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractYoung adults in a transitional period may experience more stress and, hence, suffer from an increased risk of unhealthy eating. Executive function (EF) involves not only inhibitory control and mental flexibility (the ‘cool’ facet) to facilitate resistance to immediate temptations, but also affective decision making (the ‘hot’ facet) that helps to regulate emotional eating. The effects of different facets of EF and their interactions with perceived stress on eating behaviours remained underexplored. In this study, 594 young adults in their graduation year of post‐secondary education were included. We used latent profile analysis to identify major patterns of eating behaviours and analysed their associations with perceived stress, and both the ‘cool’ and ‘hot’ facets of EF using multinominal logistic regression models. Latent profile analysis identified three clusters of eating patterns: non‐approaching moderate eaters (N = 312, 52.5%), approaching eaters (N = 229, 38.6%), and approaching‐and‐avoidant eaters (N = 53, 8.9%). Logistic regression models found that the approaching‐and‐avoidant eating pattern was associated with higher perceived stress (OR = 3.16, p value = 0.007) and poorer affective decision‐making (OR = 0.97, p value = 0.006). Stratified analysis further revealed that higher perceived stress was significantly associated with approaching‐and‐avoidant eating only among individuals with poorer affective decision‐making. These findings suggest that individuals with poorer emotional regulation may face greater difficulties in regulating eating behaviours when experiencing higher stress. Interventions for people with a mixed pattern of approaching‐and‐avoidance eating should focus on providing support to regulate emotion‐related eating.
High‐Valence W6+ Ions Boost Cr2+ Activity in CrWO4 for Ideal Water Oxidation
Authors: Kim Chanseok , Jeon Dasom , Kim Nayeong , Ryu Jungki , Lee Jun Hee 
Published: March 2024

AbstractElectrocatalytic activity of multi‐valence metal oxides for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) arises from various interactions among the constituent metal elements. Although the high‐valence metal ions attract recent attentions due to the interactions with their neighboring 3d transition metal catalytic center, atomic‐scale explanations for the catalytic efficiencies are still lacking. Here, by employing density functional theory predictions and experimental verifications, unprecedented electronic isolation of the catalytic 3d center (M2+) induced by the surrounding high‐valence ions such as W6+ is discovered in multivalent oxides MWO4 (M = Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn). Due to W6+’s extremely high oxidation state with the minimum electron occupations (d0), the surrounding W6+ blocks electron transfer toward the catalytic M2+ ions and completely isolates the ions electronically. Now, the isolated M2+ ions solely perform OER without any assistant electron flow from the adjacent metal ions, and thus the original strong binding energies of Cr with OER intermediates are effectively moderated. Through exploiting “electron isolators” such as W6+ surrounding the catalytic ion, exploring can be done beyond the conventional materials such as Ni‐ or Co‐oxides into new candidate groups such as Cr and Mn on the left side of the periodic table for ideal OER.
Preparation of Multi‐Grain Flour with High Content of Resistant Starch and the Mechanism Underlying the Improved Digestion Resistance
Authors: Ma Qianying , Wang Xiaolong , Zou Xiaoyang , Zhang Xinyu , Zou Liang , Hu Xinzhong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTo acquire the optimum treatment strategy that leads to the highest yield of resistant starch (RS) in multigrain flour (MF), wheat flour, whole oat flour, and whole buckwheat flour are used to prepare antidigestive MF by using pullulanase debranching combining heat–moisture treatment (P‐HMT). Based on the single factor tests and response surface analysis, the optimum conditions for the treatment of MF are determined as follows: pullulanase 62.6 U g−1, autoclaving 21.3 min, HMT at 100 °C, and 30.4% water content for 6.0 h. Under these conditions, the yield of RS in the flour reaches 77.42%. P‐HMT causes protein denaturation, starch gelatinization, and flour clumps in MF, facilitating starch recrystallization and interactions among short‐chain starch, monomeric proteins, and lipids. All these findings are further confirmed by the conversion of starch crystal from A‐type to B+V‐type, the improvement of starch short‐range molecular order, and the presence of more binary/ternary complexes in treated flour. In brief, the starch digestion resistance improvement in the treated flour is attributed to the recrystallization of short‐chain starch and interactions between starch and protein/lipid.
Epigenetic activation of METTL14 promotes docetaxel resistance in prostate cancer by promoting pri‐microRNA‐129 maturation
Authors: Wu Cheng , Miao Chunqing , Zhou Songlin , Chang Ping‐an , He Bin , Zhou Xunrong , Tang Qingsheng 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe development of resistance to Docetaxel (DTX) compromises its therapeutic efficacy and worsens the prognosis of prostate cancer (PCa), while the underlying regulatory mechanism remains poorly understood. In this study, METTL14 was found to be upregulated in DTX‐resistant PCa cells and PCa tissues exhibiting progressive disease during DTX therapy. Furthermore, overexpression of METTL14 promoted the development of resistance to DTX in both in vitro and in vivo. Interestingly, it was observed that the hypermethylation of the E2F1 targeting site within DTX‐resistant PCa cells hindered the binding ability of E2F1 to the promoter region of METTL14, thereby augmenting its transcriptional activity. Consequently, this elevated expression level of METTL14 facilitated m6A‐dependent processing of pri‐miR‐129 and subsequently led to an increase in miR‐129‐5p expression. Our study highlights the crucial role of the E2F1‐METTL14‐miR‐129‐5p axis in modulating DTX resistance in PCa, underscoring METTL14 as a promising therapeutic target for DTX‐resistant PCa patients.