bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analytical performance of a standardized single‐platform MHC tetramer assay for the identification and enumeration of CMV‐specific CD8+ T lymphocytes
Authors: Brooimans Rik A. , Boyce Christopher S. , Popma Janice , Broyles Dennis A. , Gratama Jan W. , Southwick Paula C. , Keeney Michael 
Published: October 2008

AbstractMajor histocompatibility complex (MHC) multimers that identify antigen‐specific T cells, coupled with flow cytometry, have made a major impact on immunological research. HLA Class I multimers detect T cells directed against viral, tumor, and transplantation antigens with exquisite sensitivity. This technique has become an important standard for the quantification of a T cell immune response. The utility of this method in multicenter studies, however, is dependant on reproducibility between laboratories. As part of a clinical study using a standardized two‐tube three‐color single‐platform method, we monitored and characterized performance across multiple sites using tetramers against the T cell receptors (TCR) specific for MHC Class I, A*0101—VTEHDTLLY, A*0201—NLVPMVATV and B*0702—TPRVTGGGAM CMV peptides. We studied the analytical performance of this method, focusing on reducing background, maximizing signal intensity, and ensuring that sufficient cells are enumerated to provide meaningful statistics. Inter and intra‐assay performance were assessed, which included inherent variability introduced by shipping, type of flow cytometer used, protocol adherence, and analytical interpretation across a range of multiple sample levels and specificities under routine laboratory testing conditions. Using the described protocol, it is possible to obtain intra‐ and interlab CV's of <20%, with a functional sensitivity for absolute tetramer counts of 1 cell/μL and 0.2% tetramer+ percent for A*0101, A*0201, and B*0702 alleles. The standardized single‐platform MHC tetramer assay is simple, rapid, reproducible, and useful for assessing CMV‐specific T cells, and will allow for reasonable comparisons of clinical evaluations across multiple centers at clinically relevant thresholds (2.0–10.0 cells/μL). © 2008 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Influence of Metal Dilution on the Light‐Induced Spin Transition in Two 1D Chain Compounds: [FexZn1–x(btzp)3](BF4)2 and [FexZn1–x(endi)3](BF4)2 {btzp = 1,2‐Bis(tetrazol‐1‐yl)propane and endi = 1,2‐Bis(tetrazol‐1‐yl)ethane}
Authors: Baldé Chérif , Desplanches Cédric , Grunert Matthias , Wei Yongli , Gütlich Philipp , Létard Jean‐François 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThe thermal and light‐induced spin transitions in [FexZn1–x(btzp)3](BF4)2 and [FexZn1–x(endi)3](BF4)2 {btzp = 1,2‐bis(tetrazol‐1‐yl)propane; endi = 1,2‐bis(tetrazol‐1‐yl)ethane} chain compounds have been investigated by magnetic susceptibility, photomagnetism and diffuse reflectivity measurements. These compounds display a thermal spin transition and the Light‐Induced Excited Spin State Trapping (LIESST) effect at low temperature. For each compound, the thermal spin transition temperature, T1/2, and the relaxation temperature of the photo‐induced high‐spin state, T(LIESST), have been systematically determined. A decrease in T1/2 induces an increase in T(LIESST). The results are discussed and compared with some other “metal‐diluted” iron(II) spin crossover (SCO) complexes. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Enhancing the Porosity of Mesoporous Carbon‐Templated ZSM‐5 by Desilication
Authors: Holm Martin S. , Egeblad Kresten , Vennestrøm Peter N. R. , Hartmann Christian G. , Kustova Marina , Christensen Claus H. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractA tunable desilication protocol applied on a mesoporous ZSM‐5 zeolite synthesized by carbon‐templating is reported. The strategy enables a systematic manufacture of zeolite catalysts with moderate to very high mesoporosities. Coupling carbon‐templating and desilication thus allow for more than a doubling of the original mesopore volume and mesopore surface area. The porosity effect arising from various treatment times and base amounts in the media has beenthoroughly mapped. Initially, small mesopores are created, and as desilication strength increases the average mesopore size enhances. Crystallinity of the treated samples is retained, and electron microscopy indicates solely intracrystalline mesoporosity.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Alkali Metal Tetraselenohypodiphosphonates: Synthesis, NMR Spectroscopy and Crystal Structures
Authors: Lux Karin , Eckstein Klaus , Schön Oliver , Karaghiosoff Konstantin 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThe one‐pot reaction of alkyl or aryl dichlorophosphanes RPCl2 with alkali metal selenides M2Se and M2Se2 in a 2:2:1 molar ratio provides a simple and general route to alkali metal tetraselenohypodiphosphonates (RP)2Se4M2 (M = Li, Na; R = alkyl, aryl). The new compounds were characterized by multinuclear (31P, 77Se, 1H, 13C) NMR spectroscopy and in two cases by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. The crystal structure of the first solvent‐free alkali metal tetraselenohypodiphosphonate salt is presented. The structures reveal a great coordination flexibility of the (RP)2Se42– anions. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Study of oil uptake and some quality attributes of potato chips affected by hydrocolloids
Authors: Garmakhany Amir Daraei , Mirzaei Habib Ollah , Nejad Mahdi Kashani , Maghsudlo Yahya 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThe use of coating agents is one effective way to reduce oil absorption in fried products. Reducing the fat content of fried foods by application of coatings is an alternative solution to comply with both health concerns and consumer preferences. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of hydrocolloids as coating agent on the quantity of oil uptake and on sensory attributes of potato chips. The effect of the coating composition showed that the minimum fat content was related to 1% carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), 0.5% xanthan, 0.3% guar and 1% xanthan with 21.2, 21.7, 22.4 and 24.8%, respectively, and the highest of fat content was related to blank sample (non‐coated), 2% tragacanth, 0.5% guar gum with 49.4, 41.7 and 33.2% of oil content, respectively (p <0.05). The most effective coating agent reduced the oil uptake by 57.03, 55.94, 54.67 and 49.71%, respectively (p <0.05). Sensory evaluation showed that the best color was related to 1% CMC, 0.3% guar and 2% tragacanth, and with respect to flavor evaluation the best flavor was observed in tragacanth 2%, CMC 0.5% and CMC 0.1%, and the best texture referred to tragacanth 2%, CMC 0.5% and CMC 1%. In sensory evaluation, all coated chips got high scores compared with blank (non‐coated chips) samples (p <0.05).
Directly resistively heated‐column gas chromatography for the evaluation of cow milk fat purity
Authors: Povolo Milena , Pelizzola Valeria , Contarini Giovanna 
Published: October 2008

AbstractCow milk fat purity is currently evaluated by triacylglycerol (TAG) analysis. The method is based on the gas chromatographic analysis of TAG according to their total number of carbon atoms, followed by the application of formulae deriving from multiple linear regressions. The original procedure was set up by using a packed column, but different successive works showed its suitability also with the adoption of more modern adjustments. Recently, the use of high‐speed gas chromatography has been spreading. In this work, the suitability of the directly resistively heated‐column gas chromatography [Ultrafast module (UFM)‐GC] for the evaluation of milk fat purity by the Official EU method was tested. Pure milk fat, together with mixtures of milk fat containing two levels of four foreign fats (coconut fat, sunflower oil, lard and beef tallow), were analyzed by both the conventional capillary GC method and UFM‐GC. Sheep, goat and buffalo milk fats were also analyzed. The reference material CRM‐519 was used for calibration. Repeatability and reproducibility values were always below the limits reported in the Official method, demonstrating the suitability of UFM‐GC for the evaluation of milk fat purity. The investigation on sheep, goat and buffalo milk fat confirmed that the S ranges, calculated for cow milk fat, are not applicable to the evaluation of genuineness of non‐bovine milk fats.
Determination of Selenium Traces on Cyclic Renewable Mercury Film Silver Electrode in Presence of Copper Ions Using Cathodic Stripping Voltammetry
Authors: Piech Robert 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThe new cyclic renewable mercury film silver based electrode (Hg(Ag)FE), applied for the determination of selenium(IV) traces in the presence of copper ions using differential pulse cathodic stripping voltammetry (DP CSV) is presented. The preparation of the Hg(Ag)FE is very simple. The effects of various factors such as: preconcentration potential and time, pulse height, step potential and supporting electrolyte composition are optimized. The calibration graph is linear from 0.5 nM (39 ng L−1) to 100 nM (7.9 μg L−1) for a preconcentration time of 45 s, with correlation coefficient of 0.9995. For a Hg(Ag)FE with a surface area of 8 mm2 the detection limit for a preconcentration time of 90 s is as low as 17 ng L−1. The repeatability of the method at a concentration level of the analyte as low as 2 μg L−1, expressed as RSD is 2.7% (n=7). The proposed method was successfully applied and validated by studying the certified reference material (bovine liver BCR‐185) and simultaneously recovery of Se(IV) from spiked water samples.
Determination of pathogenic bacteria by CZE with surface‐modified capillaries
Authors: Buszewski Bogusław , Kłodzińska Ewa 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThe importance of electromigration techniques in molecular biology and medicine is increasing rapidly, especially in systematic studies on proteomes and metabolomes. Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli are bacterial species most frequently encountered in human infections, and many serious illnesses can be observed in the hospital environment. In this contribution we proposed a CE method with different modification of internal capillary surface and with monolithic beds as a selective material for determination of bacteria in clinical samples. The electrophoretic separation depends on the differential mobility of bacteria in the capillary and selective interactions between bacterial cells and stationary phases (modified surface, monolithic beads). Proposed procedures could become an effective tool for diagnosis of certain diseases caused by S. aureus and E. coli as well as Proteus vulgaris.
Hydroxyethylcellulose‐graft‐poly (N,N‐dimethylacrylamide) copolymer as a multifunctional separation medium for CE
Authors: Peng Shuhua , Shi Ronghua , Yang Runmiao , Zhou Dan , Wang Yanmei 
Published: October 2008

AbstractA new multifunctional separation medium, hydroxyethylcellulose‐graft‐poly (N,N‐dimethylacrylamide) copolymer synthesized in our laboratory for application in both basic protein separation and dsDNA separation by CE, is presented in this paper. As a noncovalent coating, this medium showed a powerful capability in resisting basic protein adsorption. Highly efficient and rapid protein separation had been obtained at four different pH values. Meanwhile, the 11 fragments of the dsDNA sample could be baseline separated using this grafted copolymer as sieving matrix at an appropriate concentration.
Pressure and electrokinetic injections for on‐line sample stacking neutral analytes in microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography with salt‐containing matrixes
Authors: Cao Jun , Qi Lian‐Wen , Chen Jun , Li Ping 
Published: October 2008

AbstractAn on‐line technique for pressure and electrokinetic injections of long sample plugs with simultaneous stacking of neutral analytes (notoginsenoside R1, ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Rf, ginsenoside Rh1, ginsenoside Rd, ginsenoside Rg3) in microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography is presented. The effects of salt concentration, sample plug length, organic modification of the sample matrix, oil phase and SDS concentration on stacking efficiency were examined in order to optimize the two injection methods. In microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography, the effect of the type of oil and SDS content on stacking mechanism is often sophisticated. This study had demonstrated that the oil type and SDS content in microemulsion indeed markedly altered the affinity of microemulsion with analytes. Finally, in comparison with the electrokinetic injection method, the most apparent disadvantages of the pressure injection method were the relatively high LOD and poor reproducibility.
Treatment emergent mania responding to valproate in a Chinese female adolescent population with eating disorders: A case series
Authors: Tor Phern Chern , Lee Ee Lian 
Published: October 2008

AbstractEating disorders are commonly associated with depressive symptoms. In an adolescent and binge eating population fluoxetine is commonly used to treat co‐morbid depression associated with eating disorders. In some patients this may precipitate treatment emergent mania (TEM). Risk factors in the adolescent population include being older, female, having a longer duration of illness, more previous mood episodes, a higher prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism, early‐onset anxiety and recent exposure to a mood‐elevating agent. Diagnosis and management of these co‐morbid conditions is challenging due to the overlapping symptomatology and the adverse effects of both conditions complicating pharmacological management. This is illustrated with three cases in a Chinese female adolescent population that experienced TEM while on fluoxetine and responded to valproate. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1) produced via NF‐κB signaling pathway mediates migration of amoeboid microglia in the periventricular white matter in hypoxic neonatal rats
Authors: Deng Y. Y. , Lu J. , Ling E. A. , Kaur C. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractMonocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1), a member of β‐chemokine subfamily, regulates the migration of microglia, monocytes, and lymphocytes to the inflammatory site in the central nervous system. We sought to determine if amoeboid microglial cells (AMC) produce MCP‐1 that may be linked to migration of AMC in the corpus callosum periventricular white matter in hypoxic neonatal rats. A striking feature in 1‐day‐old rats subjected to hypoxia was a marked increase in cell numbers of AMC and immunoexpression of MCP‐1 and its receptor (CCR2). By BrdU immunostaining, there was no significant change in the proliferation rate of AMC after hypoxic exposure when compared with the corresponding control rats. When injected intracerebrally into the corpus callosum of 7‐day‐old postnatal rats, MCP‐1 induced the chemotactic migration of AMC to the injection site. In primary microglial cell culture subjected to hypoxia, there was a significant increase in MCP‐1 release involving NF‐κB signaling pathway. In in vitro chemotaxis assay, the medium derived from hypoxia‐treated microglial cultures attracted more migratory microglial cells than that from the control microglial culture. The present results suggest that following a hypoxic insult, AMC in the neonatal rats increase MCP‐1 production via NF‐κB signaling pathway. This induces the migration and accumulation of AMC from the neighboring areas to the periventricular white matter (PWM). It is concluded that the preponderance and active migration of AMC, as well as them being the main cellular source of MCP‐1, may offer an explanation for the PWM being susceptible to hypoxic damage in neonatal brain. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Calcium store‐mediated signaling in sustentacular cells of the mouse olfactory epithelium
Authors: Hegg Colleen Cosgrove , Irwin Mavis , Lucero Mary T. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractSustentacular cells have structural features that allude to functions of secretion, absorption, phagocytosis, maintenance of extracellular ionic gradients, metabolism of noxious chemicals, and regulation of cell turnover. We present data detailing their dynamic activity. We show, using a mouse olfactory epithelium slice model, that sustentacular cells are capable of generating two types of calcium signals: intercellular calcium waves where elevations in intracellular calcium propagate between neighboring cells, and intracellular calcium oscillations consisting of repetitive elevations in intracellular calcium confined to single cells. Sustentacular cells exhibited rapid, robust increases in intracellular calcium in response to G‐protein coupled muscarinic and purinergic receptor stimulation. In a subpopulation of sustentacular cells, oscillatory calcium transients were evoked. We pharmacologically characterized the properties of purinergic‐evoked increases in intracellular calcium. Calcium transients were elicited by release from intracellular stores and were not dependent on extracellular calcium. BAPTA‐AM, a cytosolic calcium chelator, and cyclopiazonic acid, an endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+‐ATPase inhibitor irreversibly blocked the purinergic‐induced calcium transient. Phospholipase C antagonist U73122 inhibited the purinergic‐evoked calcium transient. 2‐Aminoethoxydiphenyl borate, an inositol‐1,4,5‐trisphosphate (IP3) receptor antagonist, and the ryanodine receptor (RyR) antagonists tetracaine and ryanodine, inhibited the UTP‐induced calcium transients. Collectively, these data suggest that activation of the phospholipase C pathway, IP3‐mediated calcium release, and subsequent calcium‐induced‐calcium release is involved in ATP‐elicited increases in intracellular calcium. Our findings indicate that sustentacular cells are not static support cells, and, like glia in the central nervous system, have complex calcium signaling. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Sulforaphane protects astrocytes against oxidative stress and delayed death caused by oxygen and glucose deprivation
Authors: Danilov Camelia A. , Chandrasekaran Krish , Racz Jennifer , Soane Lucian , Zielke Carol , Fiskum Gary 
Published: October 2008

AbstractOxidative stress is an important molecular mechanism of astrocyte injury and death following ischemia/reperfusion and may be an effective target of intervention. One therapeutic strategy for detoxifying the many different reactive oxygen and nitrogen species that are produced under these conditions is induction of the Phase II gene response by the use of chemicals or conditions that promote the translocation of the transcriptional activating factor NRF2 from the cytosol to the nucleus, where it binds to genomic antioxidant response elements. This study tested the hypothesis that pre‐ or post‐treatment of cultured cortical astrocytes with sulforaphane, an alkylating agent known to activate the NRF2 pathway of gene expression protects against death of astrocytes caused by transient exposure to O2 and glucose deprivation (OGD). Rat cortical astrocytes were exposed to 5 μM sulforaphane either 48 h prior to, or for 48 h after a 4‐h period of OGD. Both pre‐ and post‐treatments significantly reduced cell death at 48 h after OGD. Immunostaining for 8‐hydroxy‐2‐deoxyguanosine, a marker of DNA/RNA oxidation, was reduced at 4 h reoxygenation with sulforaphane pretreatment. Sulforaphane exposure was followed by an increase in cellular and nuclear NRF2 immunoreactivity. Moreover, sulforaphane also increased the mRNA, protein level, and enzyme activity of NAD(P)H/Quinone Oxidoreductase1, a known target of NRF2 transcriptional activation. We conclude that sulforaphane stimulates the NRF2 pathway of antioxidant gene expression in astrocytes and protects them from cell death in an in vitro model of ischemia/reperfusion. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Engineered lentiviral vector targeting astrocytes In vivo
Authors: Colin Angélique , Faideau Mathilde , Dufour Noelle , Auregan Gwennaelle , Hassig Raymonde , Andrieu Thibault , Brouillet Emmanuel , Hantraye Philippe , Bonvento Gilles , Déglon Nicole 
Published: October 2008

AbstractAstrocytes are involved in key physiological brain processes, such as glutamatergic transmission and energy metabolism, often altered in neurodegenerative diseases. Targeted gene expression in astrocytes is needed to assess the contribution of these cells to physiological processes and for the development of new therapeutic strategies. However, most of the viral vectors currently used for gene transfer in the central nervous system (CNS) are highly neurotropic. We used mokola pseudotyping to shift the tropism of lentiviral vectors toward astrocytes and a detargeting strategy with miRNA to eliminate residual expression in neuronal cells. In primary cultures, we showed that incorporating target sequences for the neuron‐specific miR124 effectively abolished transgene expression in neurons post‐transcriptionally. Targeted expression of the LacZ reporter gene in astrocytes was achieved in the hippocampus, striatum, and cerebellum of the adult mouse in vivo. As a proof‐of‐principle, this new lentiviral vector was used to either overexpress or downregulate (RNA interference) the glial glutamate transporter GLAST into striatal astrocytes in vivo. These vectors provide new opportunities for cell type‐specific gene transfer in the CNS. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Quality control of astrocyte‐directed Cre transgenic mice: The benefits of a direct link between loss of gene expression and reporter activation
Authors: Requardt Robert Pascal , Kaczmarczyk Lech , Dublin Pavel , Wallraff‐Beck Anke , Mikeska Thomas , Degen Joachim , Waha Andreas , Steinhäuser Christian , Willecke Klaus , Theis Martin 
Published: October 2008

AbstractCre recombinase activity for cell‐type restricted deletion of floxed target genes (i.e., flanked by Cre recognition loxP‐sites) is often measured by separate matings with recombination‐activated reporter gene mice. Using a floxed Gja1 (Cx43) allele, we demonstrate the benefits of a direct link between reporter gene expression and target gene deletion to overcome critical limitations of the Cre/loxP system. The widely used human glial fibrillary acidic protein (hGFAP)‐Cre transgene exhibits variable recombination activity and requires postexperimental validation. Such quality control is essential to correlate the extent of Cre‐mediated Gja1 ablation with phenotypical alterations and to maintain the activity status of hGFAP‐Cre in transgenic mouse colonies. We present several strategies to control for the fidelity of hGFAP‐Cre mediated recombination. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Subglacial drainage system structure and morphology of Brewster Glacier, New Zealand
Authors: Willis Ian , Lawson Wendy , Owens Ian , Jacobel Bob , Autridge Jenny 
Published: October 2008

AbstractA global positioning system and ground penetrating radar surveys is used to produce digital elevation models of the surface and bed of Brewster Glacier. These are used to derive maps of subglacial hydraulic potential and drainage system structure using three different assumptions about the subglacial water pressure (Pw): (i) Pw = ice overburden; (ii) Pw = half ice overburden; (iii) Pw = atmospheric. Additionally, 16 dye‐tracing experiments at 12 locations were performed through a summer melt season. Dye return curve shape, together with calculations of transit velocity, dispersivity and storage, are used to infer the likely morphology of the subglacial drainage system. Taken together, the data indicate that the glacier is underlain by a channelised but hydraulically inefficient drainage system in the early summer in which water pressures are close to ice overburden. By mid‐summer, water pressures are closer to half‐ice overburden and the channelised drainage system is more hydraulically efficient. Surface streams that enter the glacier close to the location of major subglacial drainage pathways are routed quickly to the channels and then to the glacier snout. Streams that enter the glacier further away from the drainage pathways are routed slowly to the channels and then to the snout because they first flow through a distributed drainage system. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.