bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of common mutations and associated haplotypes in Chinese patients with glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
Authors: Li Peining , Thompson Jerry N. , Wang Xiaoyun , Song Li 
Published: July 2007

AbstractGlucose‐6‐phophate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is a rare disease in North China. In the present investigation, DNA samples from 17 patients with G6PD deficiency from Tianjin area in North China were studied for the two G6PD common mutations (R459L and R463H) and two single nucleotide polymorphisms (1311C/T and 1365‐13T/C) using a dideoxy fingerprinting method. Five patients were positive for mutation R459L, and six patients were positive for mutation R463H. Further haplotype analyses using three flanking dinucleotide repeat polymorphism loci, DXS1123, DXS1113, and F8C(IVS 13), were performed on 14 patient families and 16 control Chinese females. The results indicated that the two common mutations were from different haplotypes. Also, the data suggested a possible allelic association between the two G6PD common mutations and the F8C(IVS13) locus and a different allelic distribution for loci DXS1113 and F8C(IVS13) between Chinese and Caucasian populations.
Effects of chronic electroconvulsive shock on the expression of β‐adrenergic receptors in rat brain: Immunological study
Authors: Seo Dong Ook , Shin Chang Young , Seung Chang Hyun , Han Sun Young , Ko Kwang Ho 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe purpose of the present study is to determine the effect of chronic electroconvulsive shock (ECS) on the expression of β‐adrenergic receptors in rat brain by Western blot using mAb β CO2, a monoclonal antibody against β‐adrenergic receptors. Rats in ECS treated groups received maximal ECS (70 mA, 0.5 second, 60 Hz) through ear‐clip electrodes for 12 consecutive days. The experiment was carried out in 14 discrete regions of brain. Chronic ECS reduced the expression of β‐adrenergic receptors in frontal cortex, temporal cortex, parietooccipital cortex, hippocampus and limbic forebrain, but not in other areas of brain. The regional specificity and the magnitude of the reduction of receptor expression are well correlated with those of the reduction of receptor ligand binding, which was determined using [3H]dihydroalprenolol. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to demonstrate that chronic ECS decreases the expression of receptor protein in specific regions of rat brain.
Identification and purification of proteins from germ cell‐conditioned medium (GCCM)
Authors: Chung Sanny S. W. , Mruk Dolores , Lee Will M. , Cheng C. Yan 
Published: July 2007

AbstractGerm cells are known to regulate Sertoli cell and testicutar function possibly through released factor(s) or via cell‐cell contact. However, the identities of many of these putative biological factors are not known. The aim of this study is to present a strategy to identify and purify germ cell‐derived proteins found in germ cell‐conditioned medium (GCCM) at a quantity sufficient to permit protein microsequencing. The purification scheme of a novel germ cell‐derived protein from GCCM designated GC‐26 is presented along with several germ cell proteins using a combination of high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) columns. The purity of GC‐26 and other germ cell proteins were confirmed by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and silver staining. The identities of GC‐26, a 26‐kDa polypeptide, and other proteins were determined by direct protein microsequencing. These partial NH2‐terminal amino acid sequences were compared with the existing databases at Protein Identification Resource (PIR), GenBank, and BLAST. These analyses revealed that these proteins are unique. This strategy should be useful for the micropurification of proteins from other biological samples and/or fluids.
Purification and characterization of cytochrome C from camel muscle
Authors: Gorban Ali M. S. , Izzeldin Omar M. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractCytochrome C was purified from camel skeletal muscles using ammonium sulphate fractionation and gel filtration on Sephadex G25 and Sephecryl S200 columns. The preparations were pure by SDS‐PAGE criteria, with molecular weight of 12300 Dalton. The electrophoretic mobility of camel cytochrome C was the same as that of the horse heart. The spectral characteristics of the isolated cytochrome C were also investigated.
Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor‐4 Splice Variants Cause Deletion of a Critical Tyrosine
Authors: Van Heumen Walter R. A. , Claxton Christina , Pickles James O. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractWe have identified two novel isoforms of fibroblast growth factor receptor‐4 (FGFR4). They result from alternative splicing of intron 17. Two transcripts, both slightly larger than the one coding for the known mouse FGFR4, are generated. The shortest (FGFR4‐17a) includes the 31‐most 3‐nucleotides of intron 17; the longest (FGFR4‐17b) includes all 114 nucleotides of intron 17. Translation of the FGFR4‐17a and FGFR4‐17b splice variants predicts that both novel putative FGFR4 isoforms have a truncated C‐terminal intracellular tail. The first amino acid residue affected by the insertions in both novel isoforms is Tyr‐760, a residue that may play a crucial role in intracellular signaling through stimulation of the phosphatidylinositol‐biphosphate pathway.
Expression of p21 WAF1/CIP1 in Bladder Cancer: Relation to Schistosomiasis
Authors: Eissa Sanaa , Swelam Menha , Shaker Y. , Fattah M. Abdel , Khalifa A. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractCell cycle regulation is mediated in part through expression of the cyclin‐dependent kinase inhibitor p21 WAF1/CIP1. Loss of p21 WAF1/CIP1 expression may, therefore, contribute partially to schistosomal carcinogenesis in the urinary bladder. We compared p21 WAF1/CIP1 expression in schistosomal and nonschistosomal bladder cancer to explore possible differences in p21 WAF1/CIP1 expression between the two subtypes and the possible association between schistosomiasis and loss of p21 WAF1/CIP1 expression. Tumor specimens were obtained from 130 patients who underwent transurethral biopsy or cystectomy. p21 WAF1/CIP1 was determined by immunodot blot, Western blot, and enzyme immunoassay (EIA). We validated a highly sensitive quantitative EIA assay for determination of p21 WAF1/CIP1 in cell lysates. Precision, analytical recovery, and linearity were all excellent. Our results did not show any correlation between p21 WAF1/CIP1 expression and most clinicopathologic variables. Lower expression of p21 WAF1/CIP1 was evident in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and schistosomal subtype than in transitional cell carcinoma and nonschistosomal tumors. Our data suggest a potential role for p21 WAF1/CIP1 alteration in schistosomal carcinogenesis.
DNA‐Dependent RNA Polymerase II from Candida Species Is a Multiple Zinc‐Containing Metalloenzyme
Authors: Patturajan Meera , Sevugan Mayalagu , Chatterji Dipankar 
Published: July 2007

AbstractWe have purified DNA‐dependent RNA polymerase II from Candida albicans, a human pathogenic yeast. The enzyme consists of 9 polypeptides that are unique to C. albicans, their mobility on SDS‐PAGE being different from the mobility of the corresponding subunits of RNA polymerase II from Saccharomyces cerevisiae or C. utilis. In the present study we also demonstrate that RNA pol II from C. albican and C. utilis are metalloproteins containing 5 mol of zinc per mole of enzyme. Although prolonged dialysis in 10 or 20 mM EDTA failed to remove Zn(II) from the C. albicans enzyme, in the C. utilis enzyme 3 Zn(II) ions could be removed and then reconstituted in the presence of excess Zn(II). o‐Phenanthroline (5 mM) removed Zn(II) from C. albicans enzyme irreversibly in a time‐dependent fashion with concomitant loss of enzyme activity. Circular dichroism studies revealed structural changes on removal of zinc, thus suggesting a role for Zn in maintenance of structural stability. Further, we demonstrate that the largest subunit of the C. utilis enzyme and the 3 large subunits of the C. albicans enzyme can bind radioactive zinc.
Activation of the Acidic Isoform of Phospholipase A2 from Naja mossambica mossambica Venom by Oleoyl Imidazolide Requires the Cooperative Action of Two Ionizing Groups
Authors: Ahmed Tanweer , Kelly Sharon M. , Price Nicholas C. , Lawrence Anthony J. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe acidic phospholipase A2 isoform from the spitting cobra Naja mossambica mossambica is activated irreversibly by treatment with a molar equivalent of oleoyl imidazolide. The kinetics of the chemical modification of the enzyme can also be monitored by measuring the large reduction of tryptophan fluorescence, which is accompanied by a distinct red shift. The addition of a single molar equivalent of oleic acid to the enzyme produces an instantaneous reduction in fluorescence but with a barely detectable red shift, confirming that the response to oleoyl imidazolide results from covalent modification of the protein rather than hydrolysis of the reagent. The pH dependence of both activation and fluorescence reduction by oleoyl imidazolide has an optimum rate near pH 8.0. We propose that long‐chain fatty acids and long‐chain acyl imidazolides bind at a single activation site and that the reaction of the imidazolides involves two protein residues, one of which is a nonessential histidine residue and the other a primary amino group.
Identification of Nuclear Matrix and Associated Proteins that Bind the Haptoglobin Gene Cis‐Element
Authors: Poznanovic Goran , Vidakovic Melita , Ivanovic‐Matic Svetlana , Grujic Vesna 
Published: July 2007

AbstractTo identify the major nuclear matrix proteins that bind to the rat haptoglobin gene cis‐element, we isolated a soluble nuclear matrix protein fraction and analysed it by gel retardation. Two major DNA‐binding proteins exhibiting different types of protein‐DNA interactions were detected: a DNA sequence‐specific 32‐kDa isoform of transcription factor C/EBPbeta, and a nuclear matrix protein p55 that bound to the DNA nonspecifically. During increased transcription of the haptoglobin gene in the course of the acute‐phase reaction, the DNA‐binding affinities and concentrations of these proteins in the soluble nuclear matrix fraction were increased. These data lend further evidence that the nuclear matrix is an active support structure that localizes gene regulatory proteins and participates in transcriptional regulation.
Existence of Multiple Novel Gsalpha Splice Variants in Acute Leukemia Patients
Authors: Ye Qinong , Lu Qiujun , Zhang Shu , Huang Junjian , Wang Hengliang , Su Guofu , Huang Peitang , Huang Cuifen 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe alpha subunit of the stimulatory G protein, Gsalpha, is involved in stimulation of the adenylate cyclase pathway of signal transduction. In this study, we investigated the status of the Gsalpha gene in 29 acute leukemia patients and identified three novel splice variants (designated GsalphaL‐1,GsalphaL‐2, and GsalphaL‐3), possibly derived from aberrant splicing. All of the splice variants have in‐frame deletions, removing the functional domain responsible for GTPase activity of Gsalpha, and would encode truncated proteins of 160(GsalphaL‐1), 90(GsalphaL‐2) and 70(GsalphaL‐3) amino acids, respectively. The data suggest that these novel products may be implicated in an as‐yet‐unidentified signal transduction pathway in hematopoietic cells.
Blockage of HIV‐1 Production through Inhibition of Proviral DNA Synthesis by N,O‐Didecanoyl Serinal Dimethylacetal
Authors: Takamune Nobutoki , Misumi Shogo , Furuishi Kazuchika , Shoji Shozo 
Published: July 2007

AbstractSix serinal derivatives were synthesized and tested for their anti‐human immunodeficiency virus type‐1 (HIV‐1) activity against HIV‐1‐infected cells. Of the 6 serinal derivatives tested, only N,O‐didecanoyl serinal dimethylacetal (DDSD) was found to strongly suppress progeny virus production from acute HIV‐1‐infected CEM cells, while not suppressing the HIV‐1 p24 production from latent HIV‐1‐infected ACH‐2 cells after stimulation with phorbol 12‐myristate 13‐acetate. DDSD also inhibited the synthesis of HIV‐1 proviral DNA at 20‐50 muM, not only 1 h but also 24 h after HIV‐1 infection. Taken together, DDSD is a potent inhibitor of HIV‐1 production, and may become a unique leading compound for chemotherapy of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
Changes of Glycosylation of Serum Proteins in Sjogren's Syndrome: Correlation with Interleukin‐6 and Soluble Interleukin‐2 Receptor
Authors: Saso Luciano , Valentini Giovanni , Riccieri Valeria , Spadaro Antonio , Zoppini Antonio , Silvestrini Bruno 
Published: July 2007

AbstractA strong increase of the affinity for concanavalin A (Con A) of serum alpha2‐macroglobulin, a non‐acute‐phase protein, was observed by lectin blotting in patients with Sjogren's syndrome (SS). On the contrary, the total Con A reactivity of serum proteins, measured by enzyme‐linked lectin assay, was not augmented in SS, compared with normal donors, probably because positive changes of certain proteins were balanced by negative changes of others, as suggested by lectin blotting analysis. However, a significant increase of total Con A reactivity occurred in subjects with increased serum concentrations of soluble interleukin (IL)‐2 receptor, compared with patients with normal concentrations of this marker of disease activity. On the other hand, the same parameter did not appear to be different in patients with normal or increased serum concentrations of IL‐6, indicating that this cytokine was not probably responsible for the changes of glycosylation described here.
Geldanamycin Induces Cell Cycle Arrest in K562 Erythroleukemic Cells
Authors: Kim Hong Ro , Lee Chang Hoon , Choi Yung Hyun , Kang Ho Sung , Kim Han Do 
Published: July 2007

AbstractGeldanamycin (GA), a benzoquinone ansamycin, is one of the specific inhibitors of 90‐kDa heat shock protein and induces growth inhibition and apoptosis in certain cancer cell lines. We have investigated the mechanism of GA‐induced growth inhibition in K562 erythroleukemic cells. DNA flow‐cytometric analysis indicated that GA‐induced growth arrest was associated with G2/M phase arrest of the cell cycle. GA treatment down‐regulated the expression of cyclin B1 and inhibited phosphorylation of Cdc2 protein, both key regulatory proteins at the G2/M boundary. GA also markedly inhibited the Cdc2 kinase activity, which may be in part a result of up‐regulation of p27KIP1 by GA. The present results suggest a novel mechanism that p27KIP1 could be involved in the regulation of G2 to M phase transition.
Phosphoserine Aminotransferase, the Second Step‐Catalyzing Enzyme for Serine Biosynthesis
Authors: Basurko Marie‐Jose , Marche Michele , Darriet Monique , Cassaigne Andre 
Published: July 2007

AbstractAs a step toward analyzing the serine biosynthetic pathway in mammals, we have studied the properties of phosphoserine aminotransferase, the second step‐catalyzing enzyme. The Km values for 3‐phosphohydroxypyruvate and L‐phosphoserine are 5 and 35 mu M, respectively, and those for glutamate and alpha‐ketoglutarate are 1.2 and 0.8 mM, respectively. The product inhibition studies strengthened the support for a ping‐pong mechanism and allowed evaluation of Ki values for the four substrates. The equilibrium constant evaluated from the kinetic parameters is 40. Additionally, some physical properties relative to the bound coenzyme and the secondary structure were investigated. The results are consistent with a structural relationship between the Escherichia coli enzyme and the mammalian enzyme. The mammalian enzyme has specific kinetic parameters, the determination of which is a prerequisite to analyzing the serine biosynthetic pathway in mammals.
Polymerization of Actin Induced by a Molar Excess of ATP in a Low Salt Buffer
Authors: Ikkai Takamitsu , Kondo Hiroshi 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe polymerization of actin induced by dilution has previously been reported, where a 1000‐fold molar excess of ATP over actin resulted when actin was diluted to 4.0 microg/ml in low salt buffer A (0.1 mM ATP, 0.1 mM CaCl2, 2 mM Tris‐HCl, pH 8.0, 5 mM 2‐ mercaptoethanol, 1 mM NaN3). Filaments formed by the addition of ATP to a 1000‐fold molar excess over actin in buffer B (0.1 mM CaCl2, 2 mM Tris‐HCl, pH 8.0, 1 mM NaN3) were then separated by gel‐filtration. When ATP was removed from these filaments using Dowex‐1, depolymerization occurred. Thus, the reversible polymerization induced by the dilution of actin or by addition of ATP can be ascribed to the binding of ATP at the low affinity site of actin.
Calcium‐Induced Alterations in the Functioning of Protein Serine/Threonine and Tyrosine Kinases in Streptomyces fradiae Cells
Authors: Elizarov Sergey M. , Mironov Vitaly A. , Danilenko Valery N. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractIn Streptomyces fradiae, calcium ions induce alterations in intensity and specificity of the secondary metabolism and stimulate sporulation. Using in vivo labeling, we demonstrate that in S. fradiae phosphorylation of some proteins are also influenced by Ca2+ added exogenously. Calcium ions at physiological concentration increase phosphorylation of multiple proteins on serine/threonine residues and suppress modification of a 140‐kDa protein on tyrosine residues. Assay of protein kinases in situ demonstrated that Ca2+‐induced differences in the pattern of protein phosphorylation in vivo are accompanied by Ca2+‐dependent cessation of autophosphorylation of 140‐kDa tyrosine kinase and by increased autophosphorylation of three serine/threonine kinases with molecular masses of 127, 65, and 31.5 kDa.
Focal Adhesion Kinase Regulation by Oxidative Stress in Different Cell Types
Authors: Mahdi Meriem H. Ben , Andrieu ValÉrie , Pasquier Catherine 
Published: July 2007

AbstractFocal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a tyrosine kinase ubiquitously expressed in cells. It was initially shown to be the initiator of focal adhesion formation in adherent cells, after its binding to integrins which induce its autophosphorylation. However, it can be also activated by a great variety of other stimuli able to act on different intracellular signaling. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), which have been shown to act as external or internal cell stimuli, induce tyrosine phosphorylation of FAK. Its autophosphorylation is followed by a submembranous localization which is crucial for many of the biological roles of FAK, including cell spreading, cell migration, cell proliferation, and prevention of apoptosis. It plays an important role in development of tumor cells, its regulation could be thus a way of impairing cell proliferation in cancer. We describe in this review the structure, activity, and functions of FAK in different cells and how ROS are able, like other stimuli, to induce its phosphorylation and modification of cell morphology and structure. The link between ROS and FAK activation could explain the role of ROS in mediating cell proliferation, cell migration, or apoptosis.
Sensitive Multiplex Real-Time Reverse Transcription-PCR Assay for the Detection of Human and Animal Noroviruses in Clinical and Environmental Samples
Authors: Wolf Sandro , Williamson Wendy M. , Hewitt Joanne , Rivera-Aban Malet , Lin Susan , Ball Andrew , Scholes Paula , Greening Gail E. 
Published: July 2007

ABSTRACT
In this study, we developed a triplex real-time reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR)-based method that detects and distinguishs between noroviruses belonging to genogroups I, II, and III and that targets the junction between the regions of open reading frame 1 (ORF1) and ORF2. This is the first assay to include all three genogroups and the first real-time RT-PCR-based method developed for the detection of bovine noroviruses. The assay was shown to be broadly reactive against a wide spectrum of norovirus genotypes, including GI/1 through GI/7, GII/1 through GII/8, GII/10, GII/12, and GII/17, in different matrices (including fecal specimens, treated and raw sewage, source water, and treated drinking water). The assay is highly sensitive, detecting low copy numbers of plasmids that carry the target sequence. A new bovine norovirus, Bo/NLV/Norsewood/2006/NZL, was identified by this assay and was further genetically characterized. The results implicate a broad range of possible applications, including clinical diagnostics, tracing of fecal contaminants, and due to its sensitivity and broad reactivity, environmental studies.
Antibiotic-Resistant
Escherichia coli
in Wastewaters, Surface Waters, and Oysters from an Urban Riverine System
Authors: Watkinson A. J. , Micalizzi G. B. , Graham G. M. , Bates J. B. , Costanzo S. D. 
Published: July 2007

ABSTRACT

The antibiotic resistance (AR) patterns of 462
Escherichia coli
isolates from wastewater, surface waters, and oysters were determined. Rates of AR and multiple-AR among isolates from surface water sites adjacent to wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) discharge sites were significantly higher (
P
< 0.05) than those among other isolates, whereas the rate of AR among isolates from oysters exposed to WWTP discharges was low (<10%).
Critical examination of various approaches used for analysing helical cables
Authors: Raoof M , Kraincanic I 
Published: July 2007

Using theoretical parametric studies covering a wide range of cable (and wire) diameters and lay angles, the range of validity of various approaches used for analysing helical cables are critically examined. Numerical results strongly suggest that for multi-layered steel strands with small wire/cable diameter ratios, the bending and torsional stiffnesses of the individual wires may safely be ignored when calculating the 2 × 2 matrix for strand axial/torsional stiffnesses. However, such bending and torsional wire stiffnesses are shown to be first order parameters in analysing the overall axial and torsional stiffnesses of, say, seven wire stands, especially under free-fixed end conditions with respect to torsional movements. Interwire contact deformations are shown to be of great importance in evaluating the axial and torsional stiffnesses of large diameter multi-layered steel strands. Their importance diminishes as the number of wires associated with smaller diameter cables decreases. Using a modified version of a previously reported theoretical model for analysing multilayered instrumentation cables, the importance of allowing for the influence of contact deformations in compliant layers on cable overall characteristics such as axial or torsional stiffnesses is demonstrated by theoretical numerical results. In particular, non-Hertzian contact formulations are used to obtain the interlayer compliances in instrumentation cables in preference to a previously reported model employing Hertzian theory with its associated limitations.
ARARMA models for time series analysis and forecasting
Authors: Parzen Emanuel 
Published: July 2007

AbstractMethods of time series forecasting are proposed which can be applied automatically. However, they are not rote formulae, since they are based on a flexible philosophy which can provide several models for consideration. In addition it provides diverse diagnostics for qualitatively and quantitatively estimating how well one can forecast a series. The models considered are called ARARMA models (or ARAR models) because the model fitted to a long memory time series (t) is based on sophisticated time series analysis of AR (or ARMA) schemes (short memory models) fitted to residualsY(t)obtained by parsimonious‘best lag’non‐stationary autoregression. Both long range and short range forecasts are provided by an ARARMA modelSection 1 explains the philosophy of our approach to time series model identification. Sections 2 and 3 attempt to relate our approach to some standard approaches to forecasting; exponential smoothing methods are developed from the point of view of prediction theory (section 2) and extended (section 3). ARARMA models are introduced (section 4). Methods of ARARMA model fitting are outlined (sections 5,6). Since‘the proof of the pudding is in the eating’, the methods proposed are illustrated (section 7) using the classic example of international airline passengers.