bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Actinide uptake by transferrin and ferritin metalloproteins
Authors: Den Auwer Christophe , Llorens I. , Moisy Philippe , Vidaud C. , Goudard F. , Barbot C. , Solari P. L. , Funke H. 
Published: November 2005

Summary
In order to better understand the mechanisms of actinide uptake by specific biomolecules, it is essential to explore the intramolecular interactions between the cation and the protein binding site. Although this has long been done for widely investigated transition metals, very few studies have been devoted to complexation mechanisms of actinides by active chelation sites of metalloproteins. In this field, X-ray absorption spectroscopy has been extensively used as a structural and electronic metal cation probe. The two examples that are presented here are related to two metalloproteins in charge of iron transport and storage in eukaryote cells: transferrin and ferritin. U(VI)O2
2+, Np(IV) and Pu(IV) have been selected because of their possible role as contaminant from the geosphere.
Influence of thermodynamic database on the modelisation of americium(III) speciation in a simulated biological medium
Authors: Bion Lionel , Ansoborlo Eric , Moulin Valérie , Reiller Pascal , Collins Richard , Gilbin Rodolphe , Février Laureline , Perrier Thomas , Denison Frank , Cote Gérard 
Published: November 2005

Summary
An intercomparison exercise was led in order to study the impact of thermodynamic database (TDB) on the speciation of americium(III) in biochemical media.
A first exercice was led, considering only the americium(III) species in solution. Even with different data sets, all the exercises are in relatively good agreement, concluding to successive complexation of the radioelement by phosphate (pH range from 0 to 3), citrate (pH range from 3 to 8) and hydroxo-carbonate (pH range from 8 to 14). Nevertheless, the speciation of americium differs for each pH range from one work to an other.
These results are still observed when the speciation calculation includes the formation of solids. Nevertheless, some workers did not integrate in their data set the formation constant of Am(PO4). This solid is known to be very insoluble in typical biological media. All the calculations where Am(PO4) was not in the TDB presented a speciation where americium is solvated (mostly under citrate forms). When the formation of Am(PO4) is considered, the actinide is quantitatively present under this solid species.
This work is a representative example of the impact of the thermodynamic data used in speciation exercises. Some exercices, using uncompleted TDB had wrong results and led to the conclusion of the necessity in the use of expertised and extended TDB.
The OECD/NEA TDB review of selected organic ligands
Authors: Hummel Wolfgang , Anderegg Giorgio , Puigdomènech Ignasi , Rao Linfeng , Tochiyama Osamu 
Published: November 2005

Summary
Within the scope of the OECD Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) Thermochemical Data Base Project (TDB) a comprehensive review of selected organic ligands has been carried out by the authors. The selected ligands are oxalate, citrate, ethylenediaminetetraacetate (edta) and α-isosaccharinate (isa), and the elements considered in the review are U, Np, Pu, Am, Tc, Ni, Se and Zr, as well as the necessary basic data concerning protonation of the ligands and interactions with the major competing elements Na, K, Mg and Ca. This review on organic ligands showed that the pragmatic ionic strength correction procedure, the Specific ion Interaction Theory (SIT), chosen as the default method for all NEA TDB reviews, can be applied successfully also to organic ligands. The SIT interaction parameters derived from ligand protonation data for different media, e.g. NaCl and KCl, pass the consistency test when applied to other systems evaluated in the organics review, e.g. solubility data. Hence, the thermodynamic constants selected in this NEA TDB organics review can be used with some confidence in real world applications, provided that SIT is used in the speciation calculations.
Search for α-decay of 229mTh produced from 229Ac β-decay following 232Th(γ, p2n) reaction
Authors: Kikunaga Hidetoshi , Kasamatsu Yoshitaka , Takamiya Koichi , Mitsugashira Toshiaki , Hara Mitsuo , Ohtsuki Tsutomu , Yuki Hideyuki , Shinohara Atsushi , Shibata Seiichi , Kinoshita Norikazu , Yokoyama Akihiko , Nakanishi Takashi 
Published: November 2005

Summary
We produced 229Th in the nuclear reaction 232Th(γ, p2n) 229Ac, followed by disintegration to 229m,gTh. The 229mTh α-decay was searched for. Alpha-particle events of energy between 4.93 MeV and 5.05 MeV were observed in the separated thorium sample of β-decay products from an actinium source highly purified from the 232Th + γ reaction products. The energies of the α-particles coincide with those expected for 229mTh.
Energy shift of electronic X-rays emitted from pionic atoms
Authors: Ninomiya Kazuhiko , Sugiura Hironori , Kasamatsu Yoshitaka , Kikunaga Hidetoshi , Takamiya Koichi , Sato Wataru , Matsumura Hiroshi , Yokoyama Akihiko , Sueki Keisuke , Miura Taichi , Hamajima Yasunori , Shinohara Atsushi 
Published: November 2005

Summary
The electronic K X-ray energies of pionic atoms were precisely measured on elements ranging from zinc to lead with a low-energy photon detection system. Some differences between pionic and muonic atoms were found in the atomic-number (Z) dependence of the energy shift. In the pionic atoms, the energy shift gradually decreases with an increase in atomic number, which is opposite to the trend for muonic atoms. In the low-Z region investigated elements, the energy shifts of K
β X-rays were obviously larger than those of K
α X-rays.
Influence of β radiation on UO2dissolution at different pH values
Authors: Clarens Frederic , Giménez Javier , Pablo Joan de , Casas Ignasi , Rovira Miquel , Dies Javier , Quiñones Javier , Martínez-Esparza Aurora 
Published: November 2005

SummaryIn this work we studied the effect of external β radiation (90Sr-90Y source with an activity of 7 mCi) on the dissolution rate of non-irradiated UO2as a chemical analogue of spent nuclear fuel (SF). The experiments were carried out at three different pH values inside a glove-box in nitrogen atmosphere to avoid oxygen contamination. The MAKSIMA code was used to model the generation of radiolytic products, both molecular species and radicals.The formation of hydrogen peroxide in solution was observed in the experiments, as was predicted by the MAKSIMA code. When H2O2could be quantified, its concentration was within the range predicted by this code. In addition, the application to our data of an empirical model for UO2dissolution in the presence of H2O2gave similar results.The UO2dissolution rates obtained in this work were similar to the UO2corrosion rates determined electrochemically and under γ irradiation with a similar dose rate. On the other hand, they were always lower than the ones obtained with "fresh" spent nuclear fuel, probably because in this case the dose rates to the solution are higher and, in addition, more than just β radiation is emitted by the fuel.
Development of a gas-jet-coupled multitarget system for multitracer production
Authors: Haba Hiromitsu , Kaji Daiya , Kanayama Yousuke , Igarashi Kaori , Enomoto Shuichi 
Published: November 2005

Summary
A new multitracer production system, which consists of a gas-jet-coupled multitarget system for short-lived radioactive tracers and a gas- and water-cooled target system for intense beam irradiations, has been installed on a beam line of the K540 MeV RIKEN Ring Cyclotron. The performance of the gas-jet system was investigated with 50 radionuclides of 18 elements produced in the 135 MeV nucl.-1– 14N induced reaction on natCu. The gas-jet efficiencies of the nuclides varying from 61Cu to 24Na, except for the chlorine isotopes, show a smooth variation as a function of the mass difference between a product and a target. The multitracers on the natAg and 197Au targets were also produced by the 135 MeV nucl.-1– 14N beam with the intensity of 0.7 pμA, which was more than seven times the limit of the previous system.
Determination of nuclear constants of reactions induced on zinc by short irradiations with the epithermal and fast components of a reactor neutron spectrum
Authors: Cohen Isaac M. , Ribeiro Guevara S. , Arribére M. A. , Fornaciari Iljadica María C. , Kestelman A. J. , Ohaco R. A. , Segovia M. S. , Yunes A. N. 
Published: November 2005

SummaryCross sections, averaged over a235U fission neutron spectrum, of some threshold reactions induced on zinc after short irradiations, have been measured. The studied reactions and the corresponding values are:64Zn(n,p)64Cu, (37.4 ± 1.4) mb;64Zn(n, 2n)63Zn, (23.4 ± 2.0) μb;66Zn(n,p)66Cu, (0.775 ± 0.079) mb;68Zn(n,p)68mCu, (5.32 ± 0.65) μb; and68Zn(n, α)65Ni, (52.1 ± 2.3) μb, all referred to the cross section of the27Al(n,p)27Mg standard reaction, (3.84 ± 0.18) mb. Working values for the resonance integrals of the reactions70Zn(n, γ)71Zn and70Zn(n, γ)71mZn, referred to the tabulated value for the resonance integral of the68Zn(n, γ)69mZn reaction, (0.24 ± 0.03) b, were also obtained. The results were (0.1350 ± 0.0093) b and (0.157 ± 0.029) b, respectively.
Fission spectrum averaged cross section measurements of some neutron threshold reactions of relevance to medical radionuclide production
Authors: Zaidi Jamshed H. , Arif M. , Fatima I. , Waheed Shahida , Ahmad Shujaat , Qureshi I. H. 
Published: November 2005

Summary
A resume is given of radiochemical measurements of nuclear reaction cross sections relevant to the production of some medically important radionuclides carried out at PINSTECH during the last decade. Systematic studies on fission neutron spectrum averaged cross sections of several threshold reactions, like (n, 2n), (n, p) and (n, α), on titanium, ruthenium, europium and dysprosium for the production of 45Ti, 96Tc, 153Sm and 153Gd are described.
Investigation of the production of the therapeutic radioisotope 114mIn through proton and deuteron induced nuclear reactions on cadmium
Authors: Tárkányi F. , Takács S. , Hermanne A. , Winkel P. van den , Zwart R. van der , Skakun Ye. A. , Shubin Yu. N. , Kovalev S. F. 
Published: November 2005

Summary
For production of the therapeutic radionuclide 114mIn, proton and deuteron induced nuclear reactions were investigated using the stacked-foil technique on enriched 114Cd and natCd targets up to E
p = 36 MeV and E
d = 21 MeV. The experimental cross sections of the 114Cd(p, γ)115mIn, 114Cd(p, n)114mIn, 114Cd(p, 2n)113mIn, 114Cd(p, 4n)111m,gIn, 114Cd(p, αn)110mAg, 114Cd(p, α)111m,gAg, 114Cd(d, n)115mIn, 114Cd(d, 2n)114mIn, 114Cd(d, 3n)113mIn, 114Cd(d, p)115gCd, 114Cd(d, α) 112Ag, 114Cd(p, αn)111m,gAg, natCd(p, x)114mIn and natCd(d, x)114mIn reactions are reported. Thick target yields are derived and different routes for production of 114mIn are compared.
Production of111In from an In/In2O3target
Authors: Meulen Nick P. van der , Walt T.N. van der , Dolley S. G. 
Published: November 2005

SummaryA method was developed to produce111In from an In/In2O3target, whereby the parent111Sn was separated from the target material by means of ion exchange, using AG1-X4 and AG MP-1 anion exchange resins. The chemical separation had to be performed as quickly as possible, to ensure the highest possible yield of the final product (111Sn has a half-life of 35.3 minutes). The111Sn is left on the resin to decay to111In, which is then eluted from the column. This method ensures that impurities in the final product are kept to a minimum.
Comparison of Mean Length at Age and Growth Parameters of Bluegills, Largemouth Bass, and Yellow Perch from Length-Stratified Subsamples and Samples in Michigan Lakes
Authors: Nate Nancy A. , Bremigan Mary T. 
Published: November 2005

Abstract
Estimates of mean length at age and von Bertalanffy growth parameters estimated from mean length at age can be biased if based only on age information collected from length-stratified subsamples. However, historic data are often limited to length-stratified subsample summaries. To evaluate the potential for using historic length-stratified subsamples to compare the average growth of fishes among Michigan lakes, we quantified the subsample bias in estimates of the mean lengths at ages 1–10 and von Bertalanffy growth parameters for bluegills Lepomis macrochirus, largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides, and yellow perch Perca flavescens. In regression analysis of estimates based on subsamples and full samples, only two of nine possible tests indicated significant bias in subsamples relative to samples. The mean lengths at ages 1–10 based on subsamples were not biased. Von Bertalanffy growth parameters indicated no bias for bluegill asymptotic length L∞, largemouth bass early growth rate ω, and yellow perch ω. In contrast, bluegill ω estimates were lower when estimated from subsamples than when estimated from samples, and the bias increased with the magnitude of the sample parameter estimate. While regression tests showed that subsample estimates were generally linearly related to sample estimates, the magnitude of the variability in relative bias around von Bertalanffy estimates across lakes was large for all species tested. Our findings suggest that mean lengths at ages 1–10 for bluegills, largemouth bass, and yellow perch estimated from length-stratified subsamples were not generally biased, but large variation in von Bertalanffy growth parameter estimates limits their usefulness for among-lake comparisons. Therefore, historic growth data sets that lack complete sampling information (e.g., full-sample length frequencies and individual fish from subsamples rather than summaries) can still provide meaningful comparisons of growth among lakes or over time if comparisons are limited to mean lengths at ages 1–10.
Seasonal Movements, Habitat Use, Aggregation, Exploitation, and Entrainment of Saugers in the Lower Yellowstone River: An Empirical Assessment of Factors Affecting Population Recovery
Authors: Jaeger Matthew E. , Zale Alexander V. , McMahon Thomas E. , Schmitz Brad J. 
Published: November 2005

Abstract
Migratory barriers, habitat loss, entrainment in irrigation canals, and overexploitation, especially at times of aggregation, have been suggested to explain the failure of Yellowstone River saugers Sander canadensis to return to historical abundances after a late-1980s decline that was attributed to drought. These factors are thought to affect saugers throughout their range and migratory large-river fishes in general. We characterized the seasonal movement patterns, habitat use, and aggregation of saugers and estimated movement, exploitation, and irrigation canal entrainment rates to test these hypotheses. Saugers aggregated near spawning areas in spring and subsequently dispersed 5–350 km to upstream home locations, where they remained for the rest of the year. Upstream movement was not overtly restricted by low-head diversion dams. During the spawning period, terrace and bluff pools, which are unique geomorphic units associated with bedrock and boulder substrate, were positively selected, while all other habitat types were avoided. Tributary spawning was rare. After moving to home locations, saugers used most habitat types in proportion to their availability but selected reaches in specific geologic types that allowed formation of deep, long pools. Exploitation occurred primarily in early spring and late autumn, was low annually (18.6%), and was not related to aggregation. Annual survival was high (70.4%). Entrainment in one irrigation diversion accounted for more than half of all nonfishing mortality. Therefore, habitat loss and overexploitation probably did not prevent sauger recovery, as the absence of migratory barriers allowed adult saugers unrestricted access to widely separated and diverse habitats and did not induce artificial aggregation. In other systems, population declines attributed to overexploitation during periods of aggregation may therefore have been caused fundamentally by migration barriers that created artificial aggregations.
Mortality Associated with Catch-and-Release Angling of Striped Bass in the Hudson River
Authors: Millard Michael J. , Mohler Jerre W. , Kahnle Andrew , Cosman Amanda 
Published: November 2005

Abstract
Catch-and-release fishing commonly occurs in recreational fisheries, including those for the striped bass Morone saxatilis of the Atlantic coast. The contribution of catch-and-release practices to overall fishing mortality is often not estimated. We estimated the catch-and-release mortality for the Hudson River spawning stock of striped bass in 2001. Volunteer anglers caught striped bass between April 30 and May 16, 2001. Fish were transferred to transport boats in live wells and placed in one of nine 15,000-L land-based holding tanks. Control fish were collected by electrofishing and otherwise handled similarly. Treatment and control fish were uniquely tagged and held together for 5 d. Hooking mortality was estimated via conditional rate and additive rates. These two estimation techniques partitioned total observed mortality into hooking mortality and handling mortality, the latter being estimated from control fish. Catch-and-release mortality for striped bass averaged 16% for traditional J hooks and 5% for circle hooks over the entire period. Hook location and the occurrence of bleeding were the most influential variables in determining the probability of death. Mortality rate increased when water temperatures reached 16°C. This mortality rate is significant and should be considered when accounting for Hudson River striped bass removals from their spawning population.
Habitat Use and Stranding Risk of Juvenile Chinook Salmon on a Seasonal Floodplain
Authors: Sommer Ted R. , Harrell William C. , Nobriga Matthew L. 
Published: November 2005

Abstract
Although juvenile Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha are known to use a variety of habitats, their use of seasonal floodplains, a highly variable and potentially risky habitat, has not been studied extensively. Particularly unclear is whether a seasonal floodplain is a net “source” or a net “sink” for salmonid production. To help address this issue, we studied salmon habitat use in the Yolo Bypass, a 24,000-ha floodplain of the Sacramento River, California. Juvenile salmon were present in the Yolo Bypass during winter–spring; fish were collected in all regions and substrates of the floodplain in diverse habitats. Experimental releases of tagged hatchery salmon suggest that the fish reared on the floodplain for extended periods (mean = 33 d in 1998, 56 d in 1999, and 30 d in 2000). Floodplain rearing and associated growth are also supported by the significantly larger size of wild salmon at the floodplain outlet than at the inlet during each of the study years. Several lines of evidence suggest that although the majority of young salmon successfully emigrated from the floodplain, areas with engineered water control structures had comparatively high rates of stranding. Adult ocean recoveries of tagged hatchery fish indicate that seasonal floodplains support survival at least comparable with that of adjacent perennial river channels. These results indicate that floodplains appear to be a viable rearing habitat for Chinook salmon, making floodplain restoration an important tool for enhancing salmon production.
Status and Conservation of Westslope Cutthroat Trout within the Western United States
Authors: Shepard Bradley B. , May Bruce E. , Urie Wendi 
Published: November 2005

Abstract
We describe the historical and current distributions and genetic status of westslope cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisii (WCT) throughout its range in the western United States using data and expert opinion provided by fish managers. Westslope cutthroat trout historically occupied 90,800 km and currently occupy 54,600 km; however, these are probably underestimates due to the large-scale (1:100,000) mapping we used. Genetic analyses found no evidence of genetic introgression in 768 samples (58% of samples tested), but the numbers of individuals tested per sample were variable and sample sites were not randomly selected. Approximately 42% of the stream length occupied by WCT is protected by stringent land use restrictions in national parks (2%), wilderness areas (19%), and roadless areas (21%). A total of 563 WCT populations (39,355 km) are being managed as “conservation populations,” and while most (457, or 81%) conservation populations were relatively small, isolated populations, large and interconnected metapopulations occupied much more stream length (34,820 km, or 88%). While conservation populations were distributed throughout the historical range (occupying 67 of 70 historically occupied basins), they were much denser at the core than at the fringes. From the information provided we determined that conserving isolated populations (for their genetic integrity and isolation from nonnative competitors and disease) and metapopulations (for their diverse life histories and resistance to demographic extinction) is reasonable. We conclude that while the distribution of WCT has declined dramatically from historical levels, as a subspecies WCT are not currently at imminent risk of extinction because (1) they are still widely distributed, especially in areas protected by stringent land use restrictions; (2) many populations are isolated by physical barriers from invasion by nonnative fish and disease; and (3) the active conservation of many populations is occurring.
Movements of Walleyes in Claytor Lake and the Upper New River, Virginia, Indicate Distinct Lake and River Populations
Authors: Palmer George C. , Murphy Brian R. , Hallerman Eric M. 
Published: November 2005

Abstract
Inference that more than one genetic stock of walleyes Sander vitreus was present in Claytor Lake, Virginia, and its main influent, the New River, raised questions concerning the spawning movements, locations of spawning grounds, and home range of resident stocks. We conducted a radiotelemetry study of 52 walleyes in Claytor Lake and the upper New River over a period of 2 years. Our findings support the hypothesis that two populations coexist within the system, exhibiting different home ranges, spawning movements, and spawning grounds, even though there is no physical barrier to movement between the spatially disjunct populations. Walleyes living within Claytor Lake mostly spawn at the first riffle area above the reservoir, whereas those living in the New River mostly spawn at two riffle areas well upstream. Coexistence of distinct populations in the system justifies different management strategies. Management of the walleye population in Claytor Lake should focus on increasing the exploitation of the nonindigenous lake stock. Management of the upper New River walleye population should focus on conservation of the unique river stock through supportive breeding, strict harvest regulations, or both.