bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting central cervical lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis: a practical nomogram based on retrospective study
Authors: Wang Lirong , Zhang Lin , Wang Dan , Chen Jiawen , Su Wenxiu , Sun Lei , Jiang Jue , Wang Juan , Zhou Qi 
Published: April 2024

Background
In papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT), preoperative ultrasonography frequently reveals the presence of enlarged lymph nodes in the central neck region. These nodes pose a diagnostic challenge due to their potential resemblance to metastatic lymph nodes, thereby impacting the surgical decision-making process for clinicians in terms of determining the appropriate surgical extent.

Methods
Logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify independent risk factors associated with central lymph node metastasis (CLNM) in PTC patients with HT. Then a prediction model was developed and visualized using a nomogram. The stability of the model was assessed using ten-fold cross-validation. The performance of the model was further evaluated through the use of ROC curve, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis.

Results
A total of 376 HT PTC patients were included in this study, comprising 162 patients with CLNM and 214 patients without CLNM. The results of the multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age, Tg-Ab level, tumor size, punctate echogenic foci, and blood flow grade were identified as independent risk factors associated with the development of CLNM in HT PTC. The area under the curve (AUC) of this model was 0.76 (95% CI [0.71–0.80]). The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and positive predictive value of the model were determined to be 88%, 51%, 67%, and 57%, respectively.

Conclusions
The proposed clinic-ultrasound-based nomogram in this study demonstrated a favorable performance in predicting CLNM in HT PTCs. This predictive tool has the potential to assist clinicians in making well-informed decisions regarding the appropriate extent of surgical intervention for patients.
Association of time-averaged serum uric acid level with clinicopathological information and long-term outcomes in patients with IgA nephropathy
Authors: Weng Mengjie , Fu Binbin , Zhuo Yongjie , Lin Jiaqun , Zou Zhenhuan , Chen Yi , Cui Jiong , Li Guifen , Chen Caiming , Xu Yanfang , Jiang Dewen , Wan Jianxin 
Published: April 2024

Objective
Whether serum uric acid (SUA) at baseline could been identiûed as a risk factor for progression in IgA nephropathy (IgAN) patients remains unclear, therefore, long- term SUA control levels must be monitored. We aimed to investigate the relevant factors affecting time-averaged SUA (TA-SUA) and to assess the prognostic value of TA-SUA in IgAN.

Methods
This retrospective study included 152 patients with IgAN. The relationships between TA-SUA and clinicopathological features and renal outcomes (defined as the doubling of the baseline serum creatinine level or end-stage renal disease) were analyzed in groups divided by quartiles of TA-SUA levels, the presence of hyperuricemia, and sex.

Results
Patients with high TA-SUA levels had higher levels of baseline SUA, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), triglycerides, serum C3 and serum C4 and were more likely to be male and have hypertension, proteinuria, poor renal function, and pathological injuries including high grades of tubular atrophy/interstitial fibrosis (T1–T2). These patients had a poorer prognosis compared with patients with low TA-SUA levels. The TA-SUA level was positively correlated with baseline age and BUN, triglycerides, serum C3, and serum C4 levels, and negatively correlated with baseline eGFR. Survival curve analysis indicated that persistent hyperuricemia was associated with significantly poorer renal outcomes than normo-uricemia in both men and women. The TA-SUA level also was an independent predictor of renal outcome in patients with IgAN, with optimal cutoû values of 451.38 µmol/L (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.934) for men and 492.83 µmol/L (AUC = 0.768) for women.

Conclusions
The TA-SUA level is associated with triglyceride level, complement component levels, renal function, and pathological severity of IgAN, and it may be a prognostic indicator in male and female patients with IgAN.
Protagonismo e limitações do poder judiciário sobre o reconhecimento de posse de terras no processo demarcatório indígena e sua chancela na perspectiva ambientalista enquanto produto do novo colonialismo brasileiro
Authors: Braga Luíza Ribeiro Sampaio 
Published: April 2024

O objetivo do artigo constitui em analisar o ativismo judicial sobre determinações de demarcações indígenas, partindo da análise do julgamento do Superior Tribunal Federal, da ação popular nº 3.388, que, por meio de seu Tribunal Pleno, decidiu por maioria, julgar o pedido parcialmente procedente, declarando constitucional a demarcação contínua da Terra Indígena Raposa Serra do Sol. A partir das condicionantes estabelecidas no voto do Ministro Menezes Direito, em que ficaram vencidos os Ministros Eros Grau, Carlos Britto e Carmen Lúcia, analisar-se-á para tanto, como à condição de número 17 (dezessete), a qual é determinada a vedação de ampliação de terra indígena já demarcada, estabelece, per meio do ativismo judicial, a retirada de direitos indígenas do povo Apinajé sobre a demarcação da T.I Apinajé II no Estado do Tocantins sobre área já demarcada correspondente a 141.904 hectares. Utiliza-se como base a pesquisa bibliográfica e a análise jurisprudencial, para, inicialmente, apresentar o conceito de ativismo e a crise que a envolve. O objetivo deste trabalho é demonstrar, como os direitos indígenas que não demandem interesse político e internacional são minados pelo Estado brasileiro, por órgãos como a FUNAI e a UNIÃO, bem como fazer uma crítica ao ativismo judicial, que frequentemente, é utilizado como meio para garantir às minorias o acesso a direitos fundamentais, e demonstrar ao fim, como a demarcação do caso Raposa Serra do Sol atendeu a pauta do novo colonialismo brasileiro, mascarada sobre a tese do ambientalismo.
Effect of Increasing Public Debt on Agricultural Output in Nigeria: (1981-2022)
Authors: D. Ogwuche David , A Mohammed Musa. 
Published: April 2024

The study was conducted to examine the effect of public debt on agricultural output in Nigeria using time series data from 1981 to 2022. The study adopted the Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) unit root test, the Bound test for long run equilibrium relationship and the Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model (ARDL). The unit root test result showed that the dependent variable agricultural output and exchange rate are stationary at first difference while variables such as government agricultural expenditure and debt service ratio were stationary at levels. The bound test showed the presence of long run equilibrium relationship. The ARDL result estimated that public debt has no significant impact on agricultural output in Nigeria. Public debt has a negative relationship with agricultural output in Nigeria for the period under study and there is a one directional causality relationship between public debt and agricultural output in Nigeria. Therefore, the study recommended that the country should allocate more funds and improve the institutional quality and policies that will boost the agricultural sector that will be beneficial to the country.
Thermo-Acoustical Study of Ascorbic Acid Interactions in Aqueous Solutions with Glycine and Glucose
Authors: Mutyala Shrilekha S. , Manik Urvashi P. , Mishra Paritosh L. 
Published: April 2024

The Manuscript aims to show the noticeable and remarkable nature of intermolecular interaction that exists in the aqueous solution of Vitamin C + Glucose/Glycine at 2 MHz frequency. The Major data of ultrasonic velocity and density in Vitamin C+ Glucose /Glycine at various temperatures like (283K-298K) at different concentrations ranging from (0.02 to 0.2 Mol/kg). Experiment data have been used to evaluate some important parameters like Adiabatic compressibility, acoustic impedance, Relative Association, Relaxation strength, Internal pressure, and solubility Parameters which provide valuable information. The result explains the structure-making breaking tendency and confirms the existence of solute-solvent interaction in (Vitamin C+ Glucose + H2O) rather than (Vitamin C + Glycine + H2O) because of the H-bonding present in their solution. A higher mass fraction is given stronger molecular interaction. According to these the proper combination of Vitamin C + glucose repair the human body cell and fast recovery from disease.
A Comprehensive Review on Cancer Immunotherapy in Veterinary Medicine
Authors: Saiyad Shimaakhtar , Bhanderi B. B. , Koringa P. G. , Mathakiya R. A. , Nimavat V. R. 
Published: April 2024

According to a World Health Organization (WHO) estimate, cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide, expected to claim the lives of almost 10 million people in 2020. It is estimated that 30% of cancer incidences in low- and lower-middle-income countries are caused by diseases like hepatitis and HPV. Many tumours are treatable if detected early and treated properly. The most common malignancies in dogs include transmissible venereal tumours, mammary gland tumours (breast cancer), spleen cancer, skin cancer, lymphatic cancer, gum tumours (epulis cancer), and eye cancer. The frequency of canine cancer cases in India has been rising quickly.
The fast-developing fields of cancer immunology and immunotherapy have revolutionized how cancer is seen and treated. The process of immunotherapy involves using the body's immune system to locate and destroy cancer cells. New immunotherapy medications that selectively target cancer cells while sparing healthy cells have been developed as a result of advancements in immunology. The present study reviews the cause, impacts and effects of Cancer along with the feasibility of Immunotherapy as a cure for the cancer.
Checkpoint inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies, vaccinations, and adoptive cell therapy are a few types of immunotherapies. To more effectively target these malignancies, researchers are exploring novel immunotherapy techniques such as oncolytic virotherapy or CAR T-cell treatment. Researchers are working to develop biomarkers to identify which patients would benefit most from immunotherapy.
Different immunotherapies have been used by veterinary medicine researchers to treat canine neoplasms. These include the use of "caninized" mAb against canine PD-L1 in dogs that have metastatic melanoma, IL-12 electrogene treatment for mast cell tumours in dogs, and hTyr-specific T cells for stage II and III melanoma. This review discusses several immunotherapy approaches for cancer and their outcomes.
Effect of Humic Acid on Growth, Yield and Soil Properties in Rice: A Review
Authors: Bera Bidyabhusan , Bokado Kangujam , Barkha . , Arambam Shainika 
Published: April 2024

Humic acids, natural organic compounds derived from decaying organic matter, have gained significant attention in agriculture due to their potential to promote plant growth, yield, and soil fertility. Humic acid additions boost plant metabolism, promote root development, and increase nutrient absorption, leading to enhanced growth and development. Furthermore, humic acids have a significant role in improving the structure, moisture retention, and availability of nutrients in soil, thereby creating a favorable environment for plant growth. Studies have illustrated that humic acid application can lead to increased yields in a wide range of crops. Humic acid application efficiently increases hormonal activities and various enzyme activities which helps in tricarboxylic acid cycle, glycolysis, and respiration process. The mechanisms underlying this enhancement involve the modulation of physiological processes, such as photosynthesis, nutrient assimilation, and stress tolerance. In addition to promoting plant growth and yield, humic acid amendments have been shown to positively influence on soil properties. These include increased microbial activity, enhanced soil aggregation, and improved nutrient cycling. Moreover, humic acids can mitigate soil degradation processes, such as salinization, thereby promoting sustainable agricultural practices. Through the utilization of humic acids, farmers may maximize crop yields while reducing their ecological footprint, therefore promoting food security and sustainable agriculture.
Imaging the Electric‐Field Distribution in Organic Devices by Confocal Electroreflectance Microscopy
Authors: Celebrano Michele , Sciascia Calogero , Cerullo Giulio , Zavelani‐Rossi Margherita , Lanzani Guglielmo , Cabanillas‐Gonzalez Juan 
Published: February 2009

AbstractSpace resolved Stark spectroscopy is introduced as a non invasive optical technique for imaging electric field distribution in organic semiconductors. Stark spectroscopy relies on the electric field induced change in the absorption/reflection. It is shown that local monitoring of Stark shift with confocal spatial resolution provides quantitative information on the strength of the local field as well as charge distribution within the transport channel.
Dynamics of 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition Reactions of Diazonium Betaines to Acetylene and Ethylene: Bending Vibrations Facilitate Reaction
Authors: Xu Lai , Doubleday Charles E. , Houk K. N. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractBiegsame Dipole: Die Dynamik bei 1,3‐dipolaren Cycloadditionen wurde mithilfe von Übergangsvektoren sowie quasiklassischen und Einzeltrajektorien untersucht. Die abgebildete Biegung des Dipols liefert den größten Beitrag zur Verzerrungsenergie des Übergangszustands beim bevorzugten konzertierten Reaktionspfad.magnified image
Synthesis of Single‐Crystal Tetra(4‐pyridyl)porphyrin Rectangular Nanotubes in the Vapor Phase
Authors: Yoon Seok Min , Hwang In‐Chul , Kim Kwang S. , Choi Hee Cheul 
Published: February 2009

AbstractEindimensional: Rechteckige Nanoröhren (RNTs) aus 5,10,15,20‐Tetra(4‐pyridyl)porphyrin (H2TPyP) wurden durch einen Prozess aus Verdampfung, Kondensation und Umkristallisation erhalten. Daten aus Einkristall‐Röntgenbeugung und Elektronenbeugungsmuster belegen, dass die H2TPyP‐RNTs durch Stapelung der H2TPyP‐Einheiten über Wasserstoffbrücken, H‐π‐ und intermolekulare π‐π‐Wechselwirkungen entstehen.magnified image
Water gas shift reaction via Pd‐based membranes
Authors: Tosti Silvano , Borgognoni Fabio , Rizzello Claudio , Violante Vittorio 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe water gas shift reaction has been studied in tubular Pd‐based membranes: a thin walled dense tube and a composite Pd‐ceramic tube have been considered. A computer code based on a finite element model has been developed for modelling the membrane reactor. The model accounts for the reaction kinetic, the hydrogen diffusion through the porous ceramic support and permeation through the PdAg membrane and for the partial pressure gradients of hydrogen generated at the permeate side of the membrane when a flow of purge gas is introduced.The code has been used to assess the influence of temperature, lumen pressure, presence of wall effects and sweep gas mode on the reaction conversion and hydrogen yield of the membrane reactors. At 200 kPa of lumen pressure and counter‐current sweep mode, it was found that both reaction conversion and hydrogen yield increase with temperature: the dense and the composite membranes exhibit very close values of conversion (more than 99% at 400 °C) and hydrogen yield (96–97% at 400 °C). In co‐current mode, the highest values of both reaction conversion and hydrogen yield have been assessed at 350 °C, while it was demonstrated that the beneficial effects of increasing the lumen pressure up to 400 kPa are maximum at 300 °C. Copyright © 2009 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The synergetic effect of plasma and catalyst on simultaneous removal of SO2 and NOx
Authors: Han Jun , Kim Heejoon , Sakaguchi Yuhei , Cheol‐ho Kim , Yao Hong 
Published: February 2009

AbstractFor the requirements of nitric oxide(NOx) and sulfur dioxide(SO2) removal in coal‐fired power plant, a new nonthermal plasma system combined with catalyst was developed. Moreover, the effect of parameters such as temperature, atmosphere, residence time and additives (NH3 and methanol) on NOx (NO and NO2) and SO2 conversion rate was also experimentally evaluated. The results indicated that the new system could greatly promote the NOx conversion rate. As for SO2, the new system only had a slight influence. High temperature suppressed the NO oxidization and slightly promoted the SO2 oxidation. The long residence time was beneficial to the NOx and SO2 oxidization. In the absence of water, the additive of NH3 can improve NO, NOx and SO2 oxidization rate due to the reactions between NH3 and NOx or SO2. Contrary to NH3, methanol had a negative effect on NOx and SO2 oxidization. Copyright © 2009 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Investigation on SO2 emission from 410t/h circulating fluidized bed boiler burning petroleum coke and coal
Authors: Duan Lun‐Bo , Chen Xiao‐Ping , Li Ying‐Jie , Liang Cai , Zhao Chang‐Sui 
Published: February 2009

AbstractEffects of operation parameters including bed temperature, Ca/S molar ratio, excess air coefficient, fly ash recirculation rate and limestone microstructure on SO2 emission were investigated on a 410t/h circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler burning petroleum coke and coal. Results show that for different fuels, SO2 emission is correspondingly related to the sulfur content in it under the same operation conditions. With increasing bed temperature, SO2 concentration in the flue gas reduces first and then increases. There is an optimal desulfurization temperature. For burning bituminous coal (BC) only or 70% BC + 30% petroleum coke (PC), the optimal desulfurization temperature is about 850 °C, while it is about 850–870 °C for burning 50% anthracite (AN) + 50% PC. SO2 emission decreases with the increase in Ca/S ratio, excess air coefficient and fly ash recirculation rate. Microstructure of limestone has distinct effects on their SO2 retention capacity, and bigger specific surface area and higher specific pore volume lead to stronger SO2 capture activities. The optimal temperature, Ca/S ratio and excess air coefficient for different fuels are recommended for industrial application. Copyright © 2009 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Optimizing acidic methanolysis of poly(3‐hydroxyalkanoates) in gas chromatography analysis
Authors: Lo Chi‐Wei , Wu Ho‐Shing , Wei Yu‐Hong 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThis work was undertaken to develop an improved gas chromatography (GC) analysis of poly (3‐hydroxyalkanoate) (PHA) quantification method based on acidic methanolysis. This is achieved by investigating the kinetics of acidic hydrolysis of PHAs with sulfuric acid in the chloroform/aqueous solution to identify suitable hydrolytic pretreatment conditions for quantitative analysis of PHAs. The target parameters included sulfuric acid concentration, salt (NaCl) addition, kind of PHAs (commercial products of poly‐3‐hydroxybutyrate (PHB), poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV‐8%) and poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBHHx‐3.8% and‐10.5%), as well as the type of PHA‐producing microorganisms (Cupriavidus taiwanensis 184 and Burkholderia sp. PTU9). These results show that esters would preferentially accumulate in the organic phase when NaCl was added in the two‐phase system, thereby enhancing the accuracy of GC analysis. Decomposition efficiency of different types of PHAs was found to be dependent on sulfuric acid concentration, such as 1% H2SO4 was favorable for PHB decomposition, while 5 and 7% H2SO4 should be used to decompose PHBV and PHBHHx. Copyright © 2009 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
CO and NO desorption from N‐bounded carbonaceous surface complexes: density functional theory calculations
Authors: Wang Shaobin 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe reaction of N‐bounded carbon with oxygen and subsequent desorption at molecular level was investigated using a density functional theory. The calculations show that the structure of surface N‐containing carbon complexes will show different behaviour in CO and NO desorption after chemisorption of O2. For the dissociative adsorption of O2 on N‐containing carbon surface, there is no significant difference in armchair and zigzag structure in terms of thermodynamics. However, the desorption of CO and NO from adsorbed complexes shows difference depending on the graphite structure. For zigzag structure, desorption of CO will be more favourable than NO, while for armchair CO and NO desorption will both be favourable. On the basis of the computation results, a reaction mechanism for N‐bounded carbon combustion is proposed. Copyright © 2009 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Field dependence and classification: Implications for global information systems
Authors: McCool Matthew , St. Amant Kirk 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThis article describes research designed to assess the interaction between culture and classification. Mounting evidence in cross‐cultural psychology has indicated that culture may affect classification, which is an important dimension to global information systems. Data were obtained through three classification tasks, two of which were adapted from recent studies in cross‐cultural psychology. Data were collected from 36 participants, 19 from China and 17 from the United States. The results of this research indicate that Chinese participants appear to be more field dependent, which may be related to a cultural preference for relationships instead of categories.
Comments on “Getting scarred and winning lotteries: Effects of exemplar cuing and statistical format on imagining low‐probability events,” By Newell, Mitchell, and Hayes (2008)
Authors: Koehler Jonathan J. , Macchi Laura 
Published: February 2009

AbstractNewell, Mitchell, and Hayes (NMH) conduct three experiments designed to test whether exemplar cuing (EC) theory or a statistical format theory provides a more accurate account for how people make judgments about low‐probability events. They report finding support for the statistical format theory and little or no support for EC. However, NMH misstate the requirements for the production of exemplars in EC theory. As a result, they confuse non‐exemplar conditions with exemplar conditions in their experiments, and find results that are virtually irrelevant to EC theory. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.