bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of One-week Intake of Different Edible Oils on the Urinary Proteome of Rats
Authors: Su Yan , Gao Youhe 
Published: February 2025

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the effects of different edible oils on the rat body by analyzing the changes in the urinary proteome and post-translational modifications of rats after one-week intake of olive oil, butter, lard, hydrogenated vegetable oil, and rapeseed oil.MethodsSix parallel experiments were set up using male Wistar rats. Group A served as the control group, while groups B - F were administered different edible oils. The daily intakes were calculated respectively according to the “2015 - 2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans” and the “Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents”. Urine samples were collected after one week and identified by label - free quantitative proteomics technology of high - performance liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry (LC - MS/MS). Differentially expressed proteins and differential post - translational modifications in the urinary proteome were screened for functional analysis.ResultsAfter the intake of different types of edible oils, rats produced a large number of proteins and biological pathways related to metabolism, but there were few common differentially expressed proteins among different groups. In addition, the olive oil group and the butter group were enriched with many biological pathways related to the nervous system, and the rapeseed oil group produced more differentially expressed proteins and biological pathways related to immunity.ConclusionThe urinary proteome of rats showed significant changes after one-week intake of edible oils, and the effects of various edible oils on the rat urinary proteome were different from each other. This effect is comprehensive and multi-dimensional at the level of the rat body. The changes in post-translational modifications of the proteome were relatively small.
Utilizing focused field as a probe for shape determination of subwavelength structures via coherent Fourier scatterometry
Authors: Paul Anubhav , Wever Robin , Soman Sarika , Pereira Silvania F. 
Published: February 2025

Nanopillars are widely used for various applications and require accurate shape characterization to enhance their performance and optimize fabrication processes. In this paper, we employ coherent Fourier scatterometry (CFS) combined with rigorous three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain simulations to accurately determine the shapes of nanopillars with various geometries, including cylindrical, triangular, square, and rectangular shapes. The nanopillars considered here have lateral dimensions (a) ranging from 100 to 1000 nm. Our methodology utilizes the preferential excitation of the nanostructures by a tightly focused beam and leverages their inherent symmetry to capture far-field signatures that vary periodically with rotation. This approach allows us to distinguish between different nanopillar shapes based on these rotational signatures. Our results demonstrate that the CFS method can reliably characterize nanopillars with lateral dimensions a≥300 nm, surpassing the conventional diffraction limit of 351 nm. However, the method reaches its fundamental limits for a≤200 nm, as also confirmed by simulations, where we approach the dipole approximation regime (a≪λ). This constraint is not observed for rectangular nanopillars, owing to their constant breadth (b=1000 nm), which prevents such a regime. Furthermore, our method successfully differentiates nanopillars transitioning from rectangular to square shapes. We also explored the method’s limitations concerning nanostructure height (h), finding that triangular and square nanopillars could be characterized accurately for h≥50 nm and h≥150 nm, respectively. Furthermore, the method remains robust against shape distortions such as edge roundness. The method is primarily effective in determining the lateral (top-down) shape of nanopillars, it does not resolve longitudinal features. The ability to accurately characterize nanostructure shapes has significant implications in fields such as photonics and biosensing, where geometry critically influences device performance.

Published by the American Physical Society
2025
Does it pay to be employee-owned? On the performance of knowledge-intensive firms
Authors: Ghimire Binam 
Published: February 2025

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the stock market performance of knowledge-intensive employee-owned firms.Design/methodology/approachIt constructs a portfolio comprising stocks of employee-owned wealth management companies listed in the UK Employee Ownership Index. A simple equal-weighted portfolio simulation strategy with annual rebalancing is employed and returns are analysed for the period 01.2002–12.2015.FindingsThe employee-owned firms consistently generate significantly higher returns, averaging 13% per annum. During favourable market conditions, the returns are even more significant at 16.40% higher than the market average annual returns. The outperformance persists in single-year and five-year investment periods, full and sub-sample periods, including bullish, stable and challenging economic times and even at high transaction costs and zero dividends. This superior performance is linked to a positive feedback loop created by homogeneous knowledge-workers who are incentivised to perform better in employee-owned business setting through participative decision-making and exhibiting risk aversion skills.Practical implicationsAdoption of the employee ownership model of running a business can be highly rewarding within knowledge-intensive firms. This study emphasises the need for a comprehensive database of employee-owned companies, which is currently lacking in the UK.Originality/valueNo prior study could be found to have studied the relationship between employee-owned knowledge-intensive firms and their stock market performance.
Students’ perceptions regarding the mental health education of college school – a qualitative study
Authors: Ye Minghui , Agarwal Nidhi 
Published: February 2025

PurposeSchools play a crucial role in the psychological development of adolescents. However, the education is inadequate for many students. This study aims to understand students' views and suggestions on the implementation of mental health education in schools and to help schools find the target point of the implementation of mental health education from the perspective of students' needs.Design/methodology/approachThe qualitative method of semi-structured individual interviews to explore college students' perceptions and suggestions about their schools in terms of mental health education.FindingsThree themes and six sub-themes emerged from forty-three interviews. Most students express their hope that the school can conduct more professional mental health education courses and diverse practical activities. They also emphasize the need to standardize the qualifications of teachers conducting these courses and to introduce more professional mental health personnel. Additionally, it is crucial to prioritize the protection of student privacy during mental health care, enabling more students, teachers and parents to recognize psychological issues and actively address their mental challenges.Originality/valueThis study, from the perspective of students, provides valuable insights into recommendations for schools to improve mental health education. It can significantly contribute to continuous enhancement of mental health education in schools and better protection and promotion of students' psychological well-being.
Youth homelessness, support services and employment in England
Authors: Drydakis Nick 
Published: February 2025

PurposeThis study aims to evaluate whether key factors related to homelessness and the utilisation of support services by homeless youth are associated with their employment outcomes.Design/methodology/approachData from 402 young people living in 21 housing accommodation buildings across three urban cities in England are used to evaluate the study’s research aims.FindingsThe results revealed that non-native and non-heterosexual homeless youth were overrepresented in housing accommodation and experienced lower employment rates than native and heterosexual homeless youth. The estimates indicated that employment levels among homeless youth were negatively associated with several factors related to homelessness, such as parental neglect, substance misuse and inadequate social care during childhood. Conversely, the estimates showed that both employment levels and the duration of employment among homeless youth were positively associated with the use of well-being, educational, mentoring and employment support services. A critical insight, however, indicated that discrimination in the labour market reduced their employment prospects.Practical implicationsA policy approach should recognise the multifaceted nature of the challenges identified and advocate for a comprehensive strategy that integrates preventative measures, support services and targeted interventions to address the root causes of homelessness while providing holistic support to vulnerable youth populations. If inadequate living conditions are a significant factor in homelessness and are also associated with reduced employment among young people, interventions can be tailored to achieve sustainable outcomes for at-risk youth, thereby breaking the cycle of homelessness and unemployment. Moreover, ensuring that homeless youth have easy access to housing accommodation is crucial in preventing their exclusion from available support services, as this study has shown such access yields positive outcomes.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the literature by expanding the application of capability theory in the multidimensional study of youth homelessness. Furthermore, it develops and validates two new scales to capture both factors of youth homelessness and the utilisation of support services by homeless youth, facilitating evidence-based recommendations for policymakers.
Survey and analysis of providers’ demands in scientific data sharing
Authors: Zhi Fengwen , Peng Zhaoqi , Chen Jiaqi , Zhao MengFan 
Published: February 2025

PurposeThis paper aims to develop a demand scale from the perspective of scientific data providers and to analyze their demands, offering references for research and practice in scientific data sharing.Design/methodology/approachThe initial scale was designed based on a literature review. A total of 479 valid responses from data providers were collected via questionnaires. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted using SPSS21.0 and AMOS23.0, followed by a discussion on practical implications.FindingsProviders exhibit significant demands in all dimensions, with data security being the most urgent, followed by data management platforms and self-value realization. Additionally, the prioritization of providers’ demands varies according to their intentions to share.Originality/valueThe study developed a scale of providers’ demands in scientific data sharing that comprises 21 items across five dimensions: data security, data management platform, self-value realization, social and benefits return and analyzed the demand degree of providers for the above items. Finally, the paper proposes strategies from stakeholders’ perspectives to meet providers’ demands and facilitate scientific data sharing.
Conditional Silence: Organizational Status and Under‐Communication of Environmental Performance
Authors: Huang Yinglin , Francoeur Claude , Zhang Shafu , Brammer Stephen 
Published: February 2025

AbstractDo corporate communications regarding firms’ environmental performance accurately reflect their environmental actions and impacts? While substantial research has focused on greenwashing, less attention has been given to companies’ under‐reporting of their environmental performance. Building on middle‐status conformity theory, this study examines the relationship between organizational status and environmental disclosure and performance. We find that only middle‐status firms fully disclose their environmental performance, while both high‐ and low‐status firms under‐report their achievements: high‐status firms to minimize risk to their reputation, and low‐status firms to avoid additional conformity costs. Firms in stakeholder‐sensitive industries, with higher institutional ownership, and those with corporate social responsibility committees are less likely to under‐report. Moreover, middle‐status firms are particularly vulnerable to penalties for concealing environmental information. Overall, our findings suggest that organizational status plays a significant role in shaping firms’ propensity to disclose environmental achievements.
Do business interests control agenda‐setting? Interest groups, policy agendas and media attention
Authors: STEVENS FREDERIK 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis study examines interest groups’ agenda‐setting influence, a question extensively theorised but lacking empirical investigation. Specifically, it explores whether business groups are more effective than citizen groups in pushing their ‘dream’ issues on the policy agenda while keeping their ‘nightmare’ issues off. Empirically, I rely on a content analysis of 818 media articles, 37 interviews with public officials and 148 interviews with interest representatives, all involved in 56 EU policy issues. The findings demonstrate that citizen groups are more influential in the agenda‐setting stage when compared to their business counterparts, particularly when they garner media visibility. These results bear important implications for democratic governance, offering new insights into the political influence wielded by interest groups.
Enhancing geriatric trauma mortality prediction: Modifying and assessing the Geriatric Trauma Outcome Score with net benefit and decision curve analysis
Authors: Acharya Pawan , Garwe Tabitha , Vesely Sara K. , Janitz Amanda , Peck Jennifer D. , Cross Alisa M. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractObjectiveCalibration and discrimination indicators alone are insufficient for evaluating the clinical usefulness of prediction models, as they do not account for the cost of misclassification errors. This study aimed to modify the Geriatric Trauma Outcome Score (GTOS) and assess the clinical utility of the modified model using net benefit (NB) and decision curve analysis (DCA) for predicting in‐hospital mortality.MethodsThe Trauma Quality Improvement Program (TQIP) 2017 was used to identify geriatric trauma patients (≥ 65 years) treated at Level I trauma centers. The outcome of interest was in‐hospital mortality. The GTOS was modified to include additional patient, injury, and treatment characteristics identified through machine learning methods, focusing on early risk stratification. Calibration and discrimination indicators, along with NB and DCA, were utilized for evaluation.ResultsOf the 67,222 admitted geriatric trauma patients, 5.6% died in the hospital. The modified GTOS score included the following variables with associated weights: initial airway intervention (5), Glasgow Coma Scale ≤13 (5), packed red blood cell transfusion within 24 h (3), penetrating injury (2), age ≥ 75 years (2), preexisting comorbidity (1), and torso injury (1), with a total range from 0 to 19. The modified GTOS demonstrated a significantly higher area under the curve (0.92 vs. 0.84, p < 0.0001), lower misclassification error (4.9% vs. 5.2%), and lower Brier score (0.036 vs. 0.042) compared to the original GTOS. DCA showed that using the modified GTOS for predicting in‐hospital mortality resulted in higher NB than treating all, treating none, and treating based on the original GTOS across a wide range of clinician preferences.ConclusionsThe modified GTOS model exhibited superior predictive ability and clinical utility compared to the original GTOS. NB and DCA offer valuable complementary methods to calibration and discrimination indicators, comprehensively evaluating the clinical usefulness of prediction models and decision strategies.
The world's first anabolic‐androgenic steroid testing trial: A two‐phase pilot combining chemical analysis, results dissemination and community feedback
Authors: Piatkowski Timothy , Coomber Ross , Francis Cameron , Kill Emma , Davey Geoff , Cresswell Sarah , White Alan , Harding Madeline , Blakey Karen , Reeve Steph , Walters Brooke , Puljevic Cheneal , Ferris Jason , Barratt Monica 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackground and AimsThe clandestine production and distribution of anabolic‐androgenic steroids (AAS) poses health risks due to the uncertainty of their contents. This study aimed to test the chemical content of AAS samples and provide aggregate results back to the community, exploring how these results influenced usage decisions and risk management.DesignA mixed‐methods approach was used, combining chemical analysis of AAS samples with qualitative interviews. Participants submitted samples for testing, and the results were later shared with them. Semi‐structured interviews explored participants' perceptions of AAS risks and the impact of testing results on their behaviour.SettingThe study was conducted at CheQpoint drug checking service in Brisbane, Australia.ParticipantsThirty‐two samples were submitted for testing between 19 April and 7 June 2024, with 23 samples analysed. A total of 25 active AAS users participated in interviews.MeasurementsChemical analyses identified substances present and assessed active ingredient concentrations. Qualitative interviews gathered participants' perceptions, and these data were analysed through iterative categorisation, guided by the Health Belief Model.FindingsChemical analysis identified that 13% of samples contained substances different from what was expected. Concentrations of active ingredients were close to expected levels [e.g. testosterone propionate at 96.2 mg/mL (range = 91.39–101.01 mg/mL)]. Interviews identified four key theme categories. Participants sought testing primarily for substance verification, expressing concerns about contamination and dosage. Barriers to testing included limited access and fear of disclosure. While testing was seen as a valuable harm reduction tool, gaps in health guidance and follow‐up support were identified as areas for improvement.ConclusionsThirteen percent of 23 anabolic‐androgenic steroid (AAS) samples analysed contained substances different from what was expected. Interviews with active AAS users highlighted the need for reliable information, accessible testing services and tailored health approaches for AAS use.
Validation of the alcohol, smoking and substance involvement screening test (ASSIST) for identifying methamphetamine use among people on methadone maintenance treatment in Vietnam
Authors: Thai Truc Thanh , Nguyen Diep Bich , Nguyen Trang Thu , Hoang Hai‐Van Thi , Li Michael , Li Li , Vu Tuong‐Vi Thi , Tran Lan‐Phuong Thi , Van Do Dung , Shoptaw Steve , Le Giang Minh 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackground and AimsIdentifying those who use methamphetamine or are at high risk of using methamphetamine is essential so that early, appropriate intervention can be made. This study evaluated the use of the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) for identifying methamphetamine use among people on methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) in Vietnam.MethodsFrom June 2021 to May 2023, all people on MMT at 15 methadone clinics in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, were invited to participate in this study. Participants underwent a face‐to‐face interview to complete the 8‐item ASSIST. Participants also had a urine drug test (UDT) for methamphetamine use. Discriminant properties of the ASSIST were evaluated using UDT as the reference.ResultsAmong 6709 participants, 10.7% (n = 717) tested positive for methamphetamine use via UDT. The ASSIST demonstrated robust discriminant abilities to identify those who used methamphetamine [area under the curve (AUC) = 0.872; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.856–0.887]. At the commonly used cutoff of 4, the ASSIST had a sensitivity of 83.8% and a specificity of 82.0%. At this cutoff, 82.2% of the ASSIST results aligned with UDT outcomes (kappa coefficient = 0.41, P < 0.001) and the ASSIST identified a prevalence of 25.0%. At higher cutoffs, the sensitivity of the ASSIST decreased but both the specificity and the agreement with the UDT results increased.ConclusionsThe Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) appears to be reliable and valid in identifying methamphetamine use among people on methadone treatment in Vietnam. Cutoff adjustments may help to reduce false positive rates.
The association of hypertension and antihypertensive medications on semen parameters among men presenting for fertility evaluation
Authors: Greenberg Daniel R. , Gago Luis C. , Kumar Sai Kaushik S. R. , Panken Evan J. , Asanad Kian , Sun Zequn , Brannigan Robert E. , Halpern Joshua A. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundHypertension is a common medical condition and its prevalence increases with age. Therefore, more prospective fathers will present for fertility evaluation with this diagnosis.ObjectiveTo determine if hypertension and antihypertensive medication use are associated with impaired semen parameters.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed men with and without hypertension at the time of their index semen analysis (SA) between 2002 and 2023. Demographics, medical comorbidities, and semen parameters were evaluated between cohorts. Univariable and multivariable regression analyses were also used to determine the association of hypertension, and number and class of antihypertensive medications, and abnormal total motile sperm count (TMSC < 20 million).ResultsAmong 14,009 men, 10.1% (n = 1410) had a diagnosis of hypertension. Hypertensive men had significantly lower ejaculate volume (2.8 mL [interquartile range {IQR} 1.8–3.8] vs. 2.9 mL [IQR 2.0–4.0], p < 0.001) and sperm motility (58% [IQR 50–66] vs. 60% [52–68], p < 0.001). Hypertension was also independently associated with abnormal TMSC (odds ratio [OR] 1.21, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05–1.40, p = 0.008) on multivariable analysis. Among patients with hypertension, men with an active antihypertensive medication prescription at the time of index SA were older and had lower sperm motility (57% [IQR 47‐64] vs. 59% [IQR 52–67], p = 0.006), sperm morphology (5% [IQR 2–7] vs. 6% [3–12], p < 0.001) and TMSC (48.9 M [IQR 16.1–94.9] vs. 68.4 M [25.0–124.9], p < 0.001) compared to patients with no prior antihypertensive medication exposure. Multivariable analysis demonstrated no significant increased risk of abnormal TMSC between unexposed patients and those taking an antihypertensive medication.DiscussionMore than one in 10 men presenting for initial fertility evaluation had a diagnosis of hypertension. This diagnosis, as well as antihypertensive medication exposure, were associated with impaired semen parameters.ConclusionPatients interested in future fertility should be counseled regarding lifestyle modifications to appropriately treat hypertension. Further studies are required to determine the impact of antihypertensive medications and adequate control of hypertension on semen quality.
Climate‐related drivers of migratory bird health in the south‐central USA
Authors: McPherson Renee A. , Alger Katrina E. , Hofmeister Erik 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTMigratory birds are species of concern that play important ecological roles while also supporting recreational opportunities for the hunting and birdwatching public. Direct and indirect effects of climate variability, extremes, and change on migratory bird health manifest at the individual, population, species, and community levels. This review focuses on the effects of climate on migratory birds that spend part of their life cycles in the south‐central USA. Although gaps in knowledge remain, prior studies provide a solid foundation to understand how climate affects migratory birds to inform management priorities and actions.