bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Faith and facts: Exploring the intersection of religion and science among anatomy educators
Authors: Brooks William S. , Deweese Joseph E. , Wilson Adam B. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe intersection of religion and science often elicits polarizing views among scientists, though approximately half of American scientists identify as religious. Mounting evidence also supports the role of spirituality in comprehensive patient care. The purpose of this study was to explore the religiosity of faculty who teach in the anatomical sciences at U.S. colleges and universities. Surveys were administered to anatomists through two professional societies. Two‐thirds (64.9%, 74/114) of respondents identified as religious, 26.3% (30/114) as atheist, and 8.8% (10/114) as agnostic. Most respondents (64.9%, 74/114) disagreed with the statement, “There is no place for religion and science to intersect.” Approximately one in three respondents expressed concern that sharing/disclosing their religious beliefs would negatively affect the perceptions of colleagues (32.5%, 37/114) and students (28.9%, 33/114) toward them. Faculty at faith‐based institutions were more open to disclosing their beliefs (p = 0.045), and highly religious individuals were more concerned (p = 0.001). Fewer than one‐fifth of respondents 17.5% (20/114) personally experienced mistreatment or discrimination within academic settings due to their religious beliefs. Most respondents held politically liberal‐leaning views (71.0%, 76/107). Highly religious individuals were more likely to be politically conservative (p < 0.001). Overall, this study demonstrates that the number of anatomists who identify as religious may be higher than that of other biological disciplines and that mistreatment due to religious views remains a challenge for some in the profession. Continued dialogue regarding the role of religion in professional identity expression may be an important step in mitigating religion‐focused mistreatment and discrimination in academic settings.
Pd‐Catalyzed Oxidative C−H Arylation of (Poly)fluoroarenes with Aryl Pinacol Boronates and Experimental and Theoretical Studies of its Reaction Mechanism
Authors: Budiman Yudha P. , Putra Miftahussurur Hamidi , Ramadhan Muhammad R. , Hannifah Raiza , Luz Christian , Ghafara Ilham Z. , Rustaman Rustaman , Ernawati Engela E. , Mayanti Tri , Groß Axel , Radius Udo , Marder Todd B. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe report the synergistic combination of Pd(OAc)2 and Ag2O for the oxidative C−H arylation of (poly)fluoroarenes with aryl pinacol boronates (Ar‐Bpin) in DMF as the solvent. This procedure can be conducted easily in air, and without using additional ligands, to afford the fluorinated unsymmetrical biaryl products in up to 98 % yield. Experimental studies suggest that the formation of [PdL2(C6F5)2] in DMF as coordinating solvent does not take place under the reaction conditions as it is stable to reductive elimination and thus would deactivate the catalyst. Thus, the intermediate [Pd(DMF)2(ArF)(Ar)] must be formed selectively to give desired arylation products. DFT calculations predict a low barrier (5.87 kcal/mol) for the concerted metalation deprotonation (CMD) process between C6F5H and the Pd(II) species formed after transmetalation between the Pd(II)X2 complex and aryl‐Bpin which forms a Pd‐Arrich species. Thus a Pd(Arrich)(Arpoor) complex is generated selectively which undergoes reductive elimination to generate the unsymmetrical biaryl product.
Controllability, observability, and stability of φ‐conformable fractional linear dynamical systems
Authors: Sadek Lakhlifa 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis paper focuses on two main aspects. Firstly, we introduce a generalized form of conformable fractional derivatives called
‐conformable fractional derivatives
along with their corresponding integrals
. We also present several theorems related to these derivatives. Secondly, we investigate the observability, controllability, and stability of a fractional dynamical system known as the
‐conformable fractional dynamical system (
‐CF‐DS). We establish the connection between controllability, the controllability matrix, and the fractional
‐conformable fractional differential Lyapunov equation (
‐CF‐DLE). We prove that the
‐CF‐DS is stable if and only if all eigenvalues of the matrix
have negative real parts. Moreover, we provide theorems regarding the observability of an
‐CF‐DS. To demonstrate the efficacy of our results, we include illustrative examples.
Clathrin controls bidirectional communication between T cells and antigen presenting cells
Authors: Kvalvaag Audun , Dustin Michael L. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn circulation, T cells are spherical with selectin enriched dynamic microvilli protruding from the surface. Following extravasation, these microvilli serve another role, continuously surveying their environment for antigen in the form of peptide‐MHC (pMHC) expressed on the surface of antigen presenting cells (APCs). Upon recognition of their cognate pMHC, the microvilli are initially stabilized and then flatten into F‐actin dependent microclusters as the T cell spreads over the APC. Within 1–5 min, clathrin is recruited by the ESCRT‐0 component Hrs to mediate release of T cell receptor (TCR) loaded vesicles directly from the plasma membrane by clathrin and ESCRT‐mediated ectocytosis (CEME). After 5‐10 min, Hrs is displaced by the endocytic clathrin adaptor epsin‐1 to induce clathrin‐mediated trans‐endocytosis (CMTE) of TCR‐pMHC conjugates. Here we discuss some of the functional properties of the clathrin machinery which enables it to control these topologically opposite modes of membrane transfer at the immunological synapse, and how this might be regulated during T cell activation.
Proteomic analysis of exosomal proteins associated with bone healing speed in a rat tibial fracture model
Authors: Hong Haifeng , Lin Changhui , Fang Min , Liu Juntian , Hsu Hung‐Chih , Chang Chih‐Jung , Wang Haibing 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the impact of exosomes on bone fracture healing in a rat tibial model, distinguishing between fast and slow healing processes. Bone healing and protein expression were assessed through X‐ray examinations, hematoxylin and eosin staining, and immunohistochemical staining. Exosomes were isolated, characterized and subjected to liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry for protein analysis. Molecular differences were explored using differentially expressed protein analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment and protein–protein interaction networks. Differential bone healing patterns and protein expressions were observed between the control and model groups. Exosomes were successfully isolated and characterized, revealing 2004 identified proteins, including distinct expression profiles. Notably, ribosomal proteins, ferritin and beta‐actin emerged as pivotal players in bone fracture healing. This study unveils dynamic changes in bone healing and underscores the role of exosomes in the process. Identified proteins and pathways offer valuable insights for developing innovative therapeutic strategies for bone healing.
Functional neurological signs in hypermobile Ehlers–Danlos syndrome and hypermobile spectrum disorders with suspected neuropathic pain
Authors: Fernandez Aurore , Jaquet Manon , Aubry‐Rozier Bérengère , Suter Marc , Aybek Selma , Berna Chantal 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe hypermobile Ehlers–Danlos syndrome (hEDS) and hypermobility spectrum disorders (HSD) are connective tissue disorders characterized by generalized joint hypermobility, associated with chronic pain and several symptoms, such as fatigue, dysautonomia, as well as psychiatric co‐morbidities. Clinical observations of unusual manifestations during systematic sensory testing raised the question of a possible co‐existence with a functional neurological disorder (FND). Hence, this study aimed to assess the presence of positive functional neurological signs (FNS) in a cohort of patients with hEDS/HSD.MethodsThe clinical data of hEDS/HSD patients (N = 24) were retrospectively analyzed and compared to a prospectively recruited age‐/sex‐matched healthy control group (N = 22). Four motor‐ and three sensory‐positive FNS were assessed.ResultsTwenty‐two patients (92%) presented at least one motor or sensory FNS. Five patients (21%) presented only a single FNS, 14 presented between 2 and 4 FNS (58%), and 3 patients presented 5 or more FNS (12%). None of the healthy controls presented motor FNS, and only two presented a sensory FNS.ConclusionsThe presence of FNS in hEDS/HSD deserves better clinical detection and formal diagnosis of FND to offer more adequate care in co‐morbid situations. In fact, FND can severely interfere with rehabilitation efforts in hEDS/HSD, and FND‐targeted physical therapy should perhaps be combined with EDS/HSD‐specific approaches.
Effects of finance knowledge influencer qualities on investment willingness and the moderation of followers' risk tolerance
Authors: Luan Chi‐Cheng , Chen Kuo‐Liang , Ko Chi‐Yu , Lin Po‐Min , Phan The Anh 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFueled by the rise of social media, internet celebrities (or influencers) are a subgroup of public figures who have gained extreme public attention in recent years. In this study, we examined the qualities of finance knowledge influencers to elucidate the impact that investment discussions or tutorials posted by influencers have on followers' and audiences' investment willingness. We adopted attractiveness, expertise, and trustworthiness as the independent variables, followers' risk tolerance as the moderator, and followers' investment willingness as the dependent variable. For data collection, respondents were instructed to watch three different influencer videos and complete a questionnaire. A total of 327 valid questionnaires were collected and analyzed. The questionnaire survey results showed that influencers' attractiveness expertise, and trustworthiness positively affected followers' investment willingness. Furthermore, followers' risk tolerance negatively moderates the relationship between influencer attractiveness and investment willingness, but it positively moderates the relationship between influencer trustworthiness and investment willingness. The empirical findings of this study theoretically contribute to academics and have practical implications in the real world. We propose several suggestions for future research.
Chemical Profiling and Enzyme Inhibitory Activities of Essential Oil Isolated from Pistacia khinjuk Leaves: Insights On GC‐MS Analysis and Skin Aging‐Relevant Enzymes
Authors: Kamli Hossam , Ali Abd‐Allah M. , Salem Yasmeen H. , Shaikh Ahmad , El‐Nashar Heba A. S. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPistacia khinjuk is a species of flowering plants belonging to family Anacardiaceae, with promising pharmacological activities like antioxidants, anti‐inflammatory, antiviral, and antimicrobial. This study aimed to investigate the GC‐MS chemical composition of essential oil isolated from Pistacia khinjuk leaves and its inhibitory properties against aging‐relevant enzymes such a collagenase and elastase. The isolated oil showed predominance of β‐cadinene (15.34 %), γ‐amorphene (8.50 %), α‐cadinol (8.14 %), τ‐cadinol (7.57 %), (E)‐β‐caryophyllene (5.77 %), α‐pinene (4.70 %), phytol (4.57 %), α‐muurolene (3.30 %), (+)‐epi‐bicyclosesquiphellandrene (3.21 %), and cubenene (3.16 %). Further, it showed remarkable inhibitory activities against collagenase and elastase with IC50 values of 15.61±0.69 and 41.12±2.09 μg/mL, respectively compared to epigallocatechin gallate (IC50=29.52±1.3 μg/mL and 26.86±1.37 μg/mL). as a conclusion, the leaf oil is recommended for topical cosmetic preparations to retard skin aging symptoms such as wrinkles. However, the bioavailability assessment and toxicological profile should be considered in the future studies.
Noncoding RNAs and programmed cell death in hepatocellular carcinoma: Significant role of epigenetic modifications in prognosis, chemoresistance, and tumor recurrence rate
Authors: Arefnezhad Reza , Ashna Sara , Rezaei‐Tazangi Fatemeh , Arfazadeh Seyed Mahdi , Seyedsalehie Seyede Shabnam , Yeganeafrouz Shaghayegh , Aghaei Melika , Sanandaji Mandana , Davoodi Ramin , Abadi Sareh Ranjbar Karim , Vosough Massoud 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer with a high death rate in the world. The molecular mechanisms related to the pathogenesis of HCC have not been precisely defined so far. Hence, this review aimed to address the potential cross‐talk between noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) and programmed cell death in HCC. All related papers in the English language up to June 2023 were collected and screened. The searched keywords in scientific databases, including Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar, were HCC, ncRNAs, Epigenetic, Programmed cell death, Autophagy, Apoptosis, Ferroptosis, Chemoresistance, Tumor recurrence, Prognosis, and Prediction. According to the reports, ncRNAs, comprising long ncRNAs, microRNAs, circular RNAs, and small nucleolar RNAs can affect cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and metastasis, as well as cell death‐related processes, such as autophagy, ferroptosis, necroptosis, and apoptosis in HCC by regulating cancer‐associated genes and signaling pathways, for example, phosphoinositide 3‐kinase/Akt, extracellular signal‐regulated kinase/MAPK, and Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathways. It seems that ncRNAs, as epigenetic regulators, can be utilized as biomarkers in diagnosis, prognosis, survival and recurrence rates prediction, chemoresistance, and evaluation of therapeutic response in HCC patients. However, more scientific evidence is suggested to be accomplished to confirm these results.
LncRNA HOTTIP promotes LPS‐induced lung epithelial cell injury by recruiting DNMT1 to epigenetically regulate SP‐C
Authors: Li Shuang , Li Shuangjia , Gao Zhanqun , Liu Yang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe objective of this study was to elucidate the involvement of the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) HOTTIP in acute lung injury and understand the underlying mechanisms. Relevant expression of mRNAs and proteins were assessed by qRT‐PCR and western blot assays. Cell viability was determined by employing the CCK‐8 assay, and apoptosis was quantified through TUNEL staining. The concentration of inflammatory factors was measured by ELISA. The degree of DNA methylation was quantified through MSP assay. The interaction between HOTTIP and DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) was examined by RIP assay. LPS upregulated HOTTIP, whereas downregulated SP‐C level in AEC II cells. HOTTIP knockdown inhibited LPS‐induced apoptosis and the secretion of inflammatory cytokines (TNF‐α, IL‐1β and IL‐6) in AEC II cells. Mechanistically, HOTTIP recruited DNMT1 to the SP‐C promoter, thereby facilitating DNA methylation of SP‐C and suppressing its expression. Additionally, inhibitory of SP‐C reversed the effects of HOTTIP or DNMT1 knockdown on apoptosis and inflammation in AEC II cells induced by LPS. HOTTIP recruited DNMT1 to epigenetically inhibit SP‐C expression, leading to the promotion of lung epithelial cell injury caused by LPS, suggesting that targeting HOTTIP may be an effective strategy for the therapy of lung epithelial cell injury.
Flame‐assisted ultrafast synthesis of functionalized carbon nanosheets for high‐performance sodium storage
Authors: Chen Chen , Yan Dong , Von Lim Yew , Liu Lei , Li Xue Liang , Chen Junjie , Li Tian Chen , Zhu Youyu , Cai Jiangtao , Huang Ying , Zhang Yating , Yang Hui Ying 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe unique structural features of hard carbon (HC) make it a promising anode candidate for sodium‐ion batteries (SIB). However, traditional methods of preparing HC require special equipment, long reaction times, and large energy consumption, resulting in low throughputs and efficiency. In our contribution, a novel synthesis method is proposed, involving the formation of HC nanosheets (NS‐CNs) within minutes by creating an anoxic environment through flame combustion and further introducing sulfur and nitrogen sources to achieve heteroatom doping. The effect of heterogeneous element doping on the microstructure of HC is quantitatively analyzed by high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy and image processing technology. Combined with density functional theory calculation, it is verified that the functionalized HC exhibits stronger Na+ adsorption ability, electron gain ability, and Na+ migration ability. As a result, NS‐CNs as SIB anodes provide an ultrahigh reversible capacity of 542.7 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1, and excellent rate performance with a reversible capacity of 236.4 mAh g−1 at 2 A g−1 after 1200 cycles. Furthermore, full cell assembled with NS‐CNs as the can present 230 mAh g−1 at 0.5 A g−1 after 150 cycles. Finally, in/ex situ techniques confirm that the excellent sodium storage properties of NS‐CNs are due to the construction of abundant active sites based on the novel synthesis method for realizing the reversible adsorption of Na+. This work provides a novel strategy to develop novel carbons and gives deep insights for the further investigation of facile preparation methods to develop high‐performance carbon anodes for alkali‐ion batteries.
Design strategies and recent advancements of solid‐state supercapacitor operating in wide temperature range
Authors: Zhou Jie , Zhu Zhengfeng , Shi Wenhui , Shi Xiangyu , Zheng Zhuoyuan , Xiong Ye , Zhu Yusong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSolid‐state supercapacitors (SSCs) are emerging as one of the promising energy storage devices due to their high safety, superior power density, and excellent cycling life. However, performance degradation and safety issues under extreme conditions are the main challenges for the practical application. With the expansion of human activities, such as space missions, polar exploration, and so on, the investigation of SSC with wide temperature tolerance, high energy density, power density, and sustainability is highly desired. In this review, the effects of temperature on SSC are systematically illustrated and clarified, including the properties of the electrolyte, ion diffusion, and reaction dynamics of the supercapacitor. Subsequently, we summarize the recent advances in wide‐temperature‐range SSCs from the aspect of electrolyte modification, electrode design, and interface adjustment between electrode and electrolyte, especially with critical concerns on ionic conductivity and cycling stability. In the end, a perspective is presented, expecting to promote the practical application of the SSC in harsh conditions.
A review on ultra‐small undoped MoS2 as advanced catalysts for renewable fuel production
Authors: Liu Guoping , Ding Lingling , Meng Yuxuan , Ali Ahmad , Zuo Guifu , Meng Xianguang , Chang Kun , Li Oi Lun , Ye Jinhua 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMolybdenum disulfide (MoS2) has garnered significant attention in the field of catalysis due to the high density of active sites in its unique two‐dimensional (2D) structure, which could be developed into numerous high‐performance catalysts. The synthesis of ultra‐small MoS2 particles (<10 nm) is highly desired in various experimental studies. The ultra‐small structure could often lead to a distinct S–Mo coordination state and nonstoichiometric composition in MoSx, minimizing in‐plane active sites of the 2D structure and making it probable to regulate the atomic and electronic structure of its intrinsic active sites on a large extent, especially in MoSx clusters. This article summarizes the recent progress of catalysis over ultra‐small undoped MoS2 particles for renewable fuel production. Through a systematic review of their synthesis, structural, and spectral characteristics, as well as the relationship between their catalytic performance and inherent defects, we aim to provide insights into catalysis over this matrix that may potentially enable advancement in the development of high‐performance MoS2‐based catalysts for sustainable energy generation in the future.
The Role of Base in Reaction Performance of Photochemical Synthesis of Thiazoles: An Integrated Theoretical and Experimental Study
Authors: Xu Jiaxin , Ye Xiaoyu , Lv Zongchao , Chen Yi‐Hung , Wang Xiang Simon 
Published: February 2024

AbstractArtificial intelligence (AI)/machine learning (ML) is emerging as pivotal in synthetic chemistry, offering revolutionary potential in retrosynthetic analysis, reaction conditions and reaction prediction. We have combined chemical descriptors, primarily based on Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations, with various AI/ML tools such as Multi‐Layer Perceptron (MLP) and Random Forest (RF), to predict the synthesis of 2‐arylbenzothiazole in photoredox reactions. Significantly, our models underscore the critical role of the molecular structure and physicochemical characteristics of the base, especially the total atomic polarizabilities, in the rate‐determining steps involving cyclohexyl and phenethyl moieties of the substrate. Moreover, we validated our findings in articles through experimental studies. It showcases the power of AI/ML and quantum chemistry in shaping the future of organic chemistry.
A Tandem Hydroformylation‐Organocatalyzed Friedel‐Crafts Reaction for the Synthesis of Diindolylmethanes
Authors: Miller Lukas , Bauer Felix , Breit Bernhard 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHerein, we present an efficient and atom‐economic tandem hydroformylation organocatalyzed Friedel‐Crafts reaction sequence for the synthesis of diindolylmethanes. Classic syntheses have relied on (Lewis) acid activation of aldehydes, which are often not commercially available and rather sensitive in handling. In contrast, the combination of rhodium‐catalyzed hydroformylation and subsequent organocatalytic activation of the in‐situ formed aldehydes allows the use of readily available and stable alkenes with various functional groups while avoiding acidic conditions to expand the range of available diindolylmethanes. A broad scope of diindolylmethanes was prepared in yields up to 85 % demonstrates the utility of the presented method.
Nanoreactor Confined and Enriched Intermediates for Electroreduction of CO2 to C2+ Products
Authors: Cao Yucheng , Jia Chunmei , Fan Wenjun , Li Jiangnan , Zhang Fuxiang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn the process of electroreduction of carbon dioxide (eCO2RR) to multi‐carbon (C2+) products, it is imperative to enhance the concentration of key intermediate species on the catalyst surface. The utilization of micro‐nano reactors to achieve confinement effects has been widely observed in various catalytic reactions, yet it has seldom been employed in eCO2RR. Here, we present a novel nanoreactor composed of stacked CuS nanosheets for eCO2RR to C2+ products. In comparison to catalyst comprising of nanosheet with open space, the C−C coupling within this confined nanospace is significantly enhanced, resulting in the increase of Faraday efficiency (FE) of C2+ products to 53 %. In situ infrared (IR) spectroscopy reveals the confinement and enrichment of key intermediate by the nanoreactor. Our research findings demonstrate that a meticulously designed nanoreactor can elevate the selectivity of C2+ products, thereby aiding in the design of eCO2RR catalysts.