bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term non-progression in children living with HIV: estimates from international cohort data
Authors: Jackson Charlotte , Crichton Siobhan , Judd Ali , Bamford Alasdair , Goulder Philip , Klein Nigel , Marques Laura , Paioni Paolo , Riordan Andrew , Spoulou Vana , Vieira Vinicius Adriano , Ansone Santa , Chiappini Elena , Le Coeur Sophie , Ene Luminita , Galli Luisa , Giaquinto Carlo , Goetghebuer Tessa , Fortuny Claudia , Kanjanavanit Suparat , Marczynska Magda , Navarro Marisa , Naver Lars , Ngo-Giang-Huong Nicole , Plotnikova Yulia K. , Plynskey Aleksey A. , Ramos Jose Tomas , Raus Irina , Rozenberg Vladimir Y. , Samarina Anna V. , Schölvinck Elisabeth H. , Vasylenko Natalia , Volokha Alla , Collins Intira Jeannie , Goodall Ruth 
Published: February 2025

Objectives:
To estimate the probability of long-term nonprogression (LTNP) in the absence of antiretroviral treatment (ART) in children with perinatally acquired HIV, and the impact of LTNP definitions on these estimates.

Design:
Analysis of longitudinal routine care data (follow-up to 2016) collected through a collaboration of cohorts of children in routine HIV care across Europe and Thailand.

Methods:
LTNP was defined as reaching age 8 years without disease progression (defined as an AIDS diagnosis or immunosuppression based on WHO immunosuppression-for-age thresholds, age-adjusted CD4+
z-scores or CD4+ counts). ART initiation was treated as a competing risk (children initiating ART before age 8 were not considered to have LTNP). We included children born domestically in six national HIV cohorts (n = 2481). Additional analyses included domestic-born children enrolled in national cohorts in infancy (aged <12 months, n = 1144, six cohorts), or all domestic-born children in national and nonnational cohorts (n = 4542, 18 cohorts). Results were stratified by birth year.

Results:
Among children born domestically in national cohorts in 2004–2007, the probability [95% confidence interval (CI)] of LTNP at age 8 years was 10% (6–15%) based on WHO immunosuppression-for-age criteria. This was lower for children born earlier when ART use was less frequent. Results were similar using other immunosuppression thresholds. Estimates were lower when restricted to domestic-born children in national cohorts enrolled in infancy, and higher when including all domestic-born children.

Conclusion:
Up to 10% of children born during 2004–2007 had LTNP at age 8. Our findings may help identify participants with LTNP for research into posttreatment control and HIV cure.
Cost-effectiveness of long-acting injectable cabotegravir-rilpivirine as HIV treatment per virally-suppressed persons in a San Francisco clinic: an intermediary outcome analysis
Authors: Marseille Elliot , Walker Ryan S. , Hickey Matthew D. , Grochowski Janet , Mayorga-Munoz Francis , Oskarsson Jon , Imbert Elizabeth , Shiels Mary , Szumowski John D. , Neilands Tor B. , Johnson Mallory O. , Gandhi Monica , Christopoulos Katerina A. 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Long-acting injectable cabotegravir-rilpivirine (CAB/RPV-LA) is a promising treatment alternative for people with HIV (PWH) who face adherence challenges with oral antiretroviral therapy (ART). While its clinical efficacy is well-documented, cost-effectiveness data from real-world settings remain limited.

Objective:
To evaluate the incremental first-year cost and cost-effectiveness of CAB/RPV-LA versus standard of care (SoC) oral ART among PWH with adherence challenges, from the perspective of a healthcare payer.

Methods:
A cohort of 59 PWH initiating CAB/RPV-LA at Ward 86, a San Francisco-based clinic, was analyzed. Viral suppression (VS) rates and treatment costs were compared between CAB/RPV-LA and SoC ART. Cost-effectiveness was assessed using incremental cost per newly virally-suppressed PWH and net monetary benefit (NMB). Sensitivity analyses were performed to evaluate parameter uncertainty.

Results:
CAB/RPV-LA achieved a VS rate of 92%, compared to an estimated 15% with SoC ART. The estimated first-year cost of CAB/RPV-LA delivery was $67,041 per patient versus $50,668 for SoC. The incremental cost per newly virally-suppressed PWH was $21,264. CAB/RPV-LA is the most cost-effective option at any willingness-to-pay above this level. The NMB was $243,721 suggesting favorable cost-effectiveness. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of these results.

Conclusions:
Initiating CAB/RPV-LA for PWH with viremia suggests highly favorable cost-effectiveness. Results are sensitive to the costs of antiretroviral drugs, but not to variations in personnel costs or rates of viral suppression within plausible input ranges.
Reconstructing life history of the 18thcentury priest from Prozorje, Croatia: bioarchaeological and biochemical approaches
Authors: Kokotović T. , Carić M. , Stingl S. , Novak M. , Belaj J. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe study presents a case of the adult male individual dated to the Early Modern Period buried at the church of St. Martin at Prozorje in Croatia. Based on the burial characteristic, the individual is presumed to be a member of the clergy. Using stable carbon and nitrogen isotope analysis of the dentine increments from the second permanent mandibular molar (Man 2) of the individual, this study aims to identify dietary changes during the juvenile years of the individual in order to reconstruct the timing of his admission into the seminary. Meanδ13C andδ15N values indicate mixed C3 and C4 terrestrial based diet with the visible animal protein intake. Results of the incremental dentine analysis provide more detailed information. The possible end of the weaning period is identified, followed by the diet based on C4 resources with low animal protein intake with periods of physiological stress during his early childhood. By the end of the observed period, significant dietary change is recorded characterised by the high animal protein intake and consumption of less C4 resources. According to the historical resources, this corresponds with the timing clergy cadets usually entered the seminary with the dietary regiment consisting of daily intake of meat or fish dishes accompanied by variety of fruit and vegetables (C3 resources). This is the first such study conducted in this part of Europe and it significantly contributes to our knowledge of dietary practices and certain social customs in Early Modern Period Croatia.
SiR-XActin: A fluorescent probe for imaging actin dynamics in live cells
Authors: Nasufovic Veselin , Kompa Julian , Lindamood Halli L. , Blümke Merle , Koch Birgit , Le-vario-Diaz Victoria , Weber Katharina , Maager Marlene , Cavalcanti-Adam Elisabetta Ada , Vitriol Eric A. , Arndt Hans-Dieter , Johnsson Kai 
Published: February 2025

AbstractImaging actin-dependent processes in live cells is important for understanding numerous biological processes. However, currently used natural-product based fluorescent probes for actin filaments affect the dynamics of actin polymerization and can induce undesired cellular phenotypes. Here, we introduce SiR-XActin, a simplified jasplakinolide-based, far-red fluorescent probe that enables bright and photostable staining in various cell types without requiring genetic modifications. Due to its relatively weak binding affinity, the probe exhibits minimal cytotoxicity and labels actin filaments without significantly altering actin dynamics. Furthermore, SiR-XActin is suitable for time-resolved, live-cell super-resolution STED microscopy. Exchanging the SiR fluorophore in SiR-XActin for other fluorophores yields probes in different colors. All these properties make SiR-XActin and its analogs powerful tools for studying actin dynamics using live-cell fluorescence microscopy.
Common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) excel in a one-trial spatial memory test, yet perform poorly in a classical memory task
Authors: Sehner Sandro , Mobili Flávia , Willems Erik P. , Burkart Judith 
Published: February 2025

AbstractWhen quantifying animal cognition, memory represents one of the most tested domains and is key to understanding cognitive evolution. Memory tests thus play an important role in comparative cognitive research, yet slight variations in the experimental settings can substantially change the outcome, questioning whether different memory tests tap into different memory systems or whether they test memory at all. Here, we first assessed memory performance of 16 common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) in two distinct paradigms varying in their format and delay. First, we examined marmoset memory in a 24-hour delay memory test (24h-DMT) in which they could freely explore an environment with three novel objects of which one contained food. We examined their retention the day after, and the procedure was iterated cumulatively with previous objects remaining in the enclosure until the marmosets had to choose the correct out of 30 objects. Second, we administered a classical delayed response test (DRT) in the same animals with three objects and a maximum delay of 30 seconds. In the DRT, marmoset performance was poor and not better than chance after 15 seconds already. However, individuals excelled in the 24h-DMT, performing above chance level after 24h even with tenfold the number of objects to choose from compared to the DRT. Moreover, individual performances in the two tests were not correlated, and typical age effects on memory could not be detected in both experiments. Together, these results suggest that the two tests explore different domains, and that the 24h-DMT examines long-term memory. The outcome of the DRT is more difficult to assign to memory since individuals performed only moderately even in the 0-second delay condition. This puts into question whether this task design indeed tests memory or other cognitive processes.
Heterologous production, purification and crystallization of 24C-sterol methyltransferase fromCandida albicans
Authors: Mpontshane Nokwanda S. , Fairhead Michael , Opperman Diederik J. , Hart Rodney , van Breda Valmary , von Delft Frank , Koekemoer Lizbé , Tolmie Carmien 
Published: February 2025

AbstractCandida albicansis a critical priority fungal pathogen causing invasive fungal infections with high mortality rates in immunocompromised patients. The increasing fungal infection rate and resistance of fungal pathogens to existing antifungal treatments have emphasized the need for the development of novel antifungal medicine. The ergosterol biosynthesis pathway has been a successful target for antifungal compounds, but many enzymatic steps remain unexplored. 24C-sterol methyltransferase (24C-SMT) catalyzes a critical fungal-specific step in ergosterol biosynthesis. When 24C-SMT is disrupted, fungal pathogens are sensitized to temperature, various inhibitors, and antifungals, and a loss of virulence can be observed. In this study, five 24C-SMT variants with different lengths of N-termini were heterologously produced inEscherichia coliand three were purified to near-homogeneity with immobilized metal-affinity and size-exclusion chromatography. N-terminally truncatedC. albicans24C-SMT was utilized for crystallization trials due to its increased stability and higher purity compared to the full-length protein. 24C-SMT crystals were obtained in the presence of Sadenosyl-homocysteine, but diffracted to low resolution. Therefore, we established a starting point for 24C-SMT crystallization by providing an optimized protocol for heterologous 24C-SMT production, purification and initial crystallization conditions, which could be used for further downstream crystallographic studies.
Is CEO servant leadership key for hotels to be entrepreneurial? The mediation of internal social capital across family and non-family firms
Authors: Linuesa-Langreo Jorge , Ruiz-Palomino Pablo , Jiménez-Estévez Pedro 
Published: February 2025

PurposeEntrepreneurial orientation is critical to staying ahead in the current competitive hospitality industry. Drawing on the theories of social capital, socioemotional wealth and upper echelons, this study aims to highlight the mechanisms through which CEO servant leadership enhances entrepreneurial orientation. Moreover, this paper examines (1) the mediating role of internal social capital in the CEO servant leadership–entrepreneurial orientation relationship and (2) the moderating role of family and non-family firms.Design/methodology/approachOur hospitality industry sample frame was based on several databases (SABI, Camerdata, INE). Large and medium-sized hotels with more than 30 employees in the Canary and Balearic Islands (Spain) were targeted. After eliminating duplicate cases and entities no longer in business, 597 hotels remained. Complete information was obtained for 176 hotels. To test our hypotheses, structural equation modeling based on partial least squares (PLS) and Smart PLS 4 was used.FindingsOur results revealed that CEO servant leadership was positive for entrepreneurial orientation, mediated by internal social capital through its three dimensions: structural, relational and cognitive. In addition, the results also showed that the relationships observed were generally stronger in family firms than in non-family firms.Practical implicationsOur study shows that CEOs of family and non-family firms can improve the practice of servant leadership through implementing appropriate management selection and training policies.Originality/valueOur findings advance the servant leadership literature, currently dominated by individual- and group-level research, by providing empirical evidence that CEO servant leadership has a positive impact on firm-level variables (internal social capital and entrepreneurial orientation). In addition, using multigroup analysis, we are able to study the moderating role of family and non-family firms.
Narrative Diaries in Paediatric Palliative Care: A Scoping Review
Authors: Marinetto Anna , Carraro Caterina , Santini Anna , Lazzarin Pierina , Benini Franca , Zanin Anna 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAimThe aim of the study was to offer a comprehensive overview about literature on narrative diaries in paediatric palliative care.MethodsA scoping review was conducted in accordance with the methods of Arksey and O'Malley.ResultsAmong 83 studies, nine met the inclusion criteria. In the majority of publications (six research, 66%), the principal objective of employing diaries was to examine the disease experiences of children from the familial viewpoint. Three studies were focused on the feasibility of the diary to get information enhancing the understanding of real‐life experiences of patients.The most common diarists are parents (five studies, 55%), followed by young patients (two studies, 22%) and close relatives (one study, 11%). The most common type of diary is the paper diary (seven studies, 77%). App‐diary and audio recorders are also reported.ConclusionCurrent literature has demonstrated a limited use of diaries in paediatric palliative care. They could represent a valid tool that can enable healthcare providers an enhanced understanding of the child and family's experiences and needs comprehensively.
Nitrogen and Phosphorus Allocation Strategies in a Chronosequence of Tropical Dry Forests: Plant Coordination and Environmental Drivers
Authors: Bretherick Emma J. M. , Dupuy Juan M. , García‐Oliva Felipe , Rivero Villar Anaitzi , Rosell Julieta A. , Campo Julio 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIdentifying how limited resources, such as nutrients, are allocated across plant organs can provide new insights into ecophysiological strategies, as well as ecosystem nutrient cycles. Plants may allocate different nutrients within a specific organ or the same nutrient among different organs. In this study, we explored the allocation strategies of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in the leaves, stems, and roots of nine dominant tree species in secondary tropical dry forests using scaling analysis. The results showing that N and P have different scaling relationships within and among plant organs. The scaling relationships of P versus N concentrations in non‐leaf organs were isometric across secondary succession and shifted in leaves from allometric (P concentration increased faster than N concentration) to isometric. The scaling relationships of N or P concentrations between metabolic (leaves vs. fine roots) or between structural (stems vs. coarse roots) plant organs tended to be isometric along succession. Whilst the scaling relationships of the same nutrient between metabolic versus structural plant organs tended to be allometric (N and P concentrations increased faster in woody organs than in metabolic organs) across succession. A principal component analysis suggests associations of nutrient allocation to woody organs with soil pH over the chronosequence and with vegetation structure and soil nutrient availability in the case of metabolic organs. These findings on the sensitivity in plant nutrient allocation to changes in soil and vegetation properties during secondary succession may have practical implications for carbon sequestration management and models and restoration of this threatened ecosystem.
Perceived Predation Risk Affects Mammal Behavior at Amazonian Mineral Licks
Authors: Griffiths Brian M. , Stabach Jared , Kolowski Joseph 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTMineral licks are critical resources for herbivores in Amazonia and other tropical regions which may be deficient in dietary minerals or consuming alkaloid‐laced leaves which may cause gastrointestinal issues. However, mineral licks are also important locations for predators, including human hunters. Animals visiting mineral licks must balance the benefits of relief of physiological stressors with the risk of predation, and they may employ behavioral adaptations to do so. We used camera trap data on six large‐bodied mammal species at 52 mineral licks in the same watershed in the Peruvian Amazon to assess how mineral licks contribute to visiting species' perception of risk. We tested the effects of a range of covariates including direct and indirect measures of risk, habitat characteristics, and soil properties on visit duration, a behavioral adaptation species may use to mitigate risk, in a generalized linear mixed‐effects modeling framework. Tapirs, collared peccaries, and paca minimized visit duration in risky licks, while howler monkeys, red brocket deer, and black agoutis had higher visit duration in risky licks, potentially due to increased vigilance and reduced feeding efficiency. The strong relationships between risk and behavior across species demonstrates the ecological value of mineral licks for both predators and prey, as prey must seek mineral licks but at great cost. Conserving mineral licks in landscapes may be a critical component to the conservation of both herbivores and carnivores in Amazonia, and for food security of local people.
MANDALA—Visual Exploration of Anomalies in Industrial Multivariate Time Series Data
Authors: Suschnigg J. , Mutlu B. , Koutroulis G. , Hussain H. , Schreck T. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe detection, description and understanding of anomalies in multivariate time series data is an important task in several industrial domains. Automated data analysis provides many tools and algorithms to detect anomalies, while visual interfaces enable domain experts to explore and analyze data interactively to gain insights using their expertise. Anomalies in multivariate time series can be diverse with respect to the dimensions, temporal occurrence and length within a dataset. Their detection and description depend on the analyst's domain, task and background knowledge. Therefore, anomaly analysis is often an underspecified problem. We propose a visual analytics tool called MANDALA (Multivariate ANomaly Detection And expLorAtion), which uses kernel density estimation to detect anomalies and provides users with visual means to explore and explain them. To assess our algorithm's effectiveness, we evaluate its ability to identify different types of anomalies using a synthetic dataset generated with the GutenTAG anomaly and time series generator. Our approach allows users to define normal data interactively first. Next, they can explore anomaly candidates, their related dimensions and their temporal scope. Our carefully designed visual analytics components include a tailored scatterplot matrix with semantic zooming features that visualize normal data through hexagonal binning plots and overlay candidate anomaly data as scatterplots. In addition, the system supports the analysis on a broader scope involving all dimensions simultaneously or on a smaller scope involving dimension pairs only. We define a taxonomy of important types of anomaly patterns, which can guide the interactive analysis process. The effectiveness of our system is demonstrated through a use case scenario on industrial data conducted with domain experts from the automotive domain and a user study utilizing a public dataset from the aviation domain.
miR‐448‐3p/miR‐1264‐3p Participates in Intermittent Hypoxic Response in Hippocampus by Regulating Fam76b/hnRNPA2B1
Authors: Liu Chuncheng , Qu Donghui , Li Chaoxun , Pu Wenhua , Li Jun , Cai Lu 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundIntermittent hypoxia (IH), as a key pathogenic factor of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), can cause many diseases, such as increased inflammation and oxidative stress, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and Alzheimer's disease (AD). The response of cells to hypoxia involves multiple levels of regulatory mechanisms, including transcriptional regulation of gene expression, regulation of mRNA stability, post‐transcriptional regulation, and post‐translational modification regulation.AimsThe regulation of miRNA and alternative splicing (AS) in neuronal response to intermittent hypoxia deserve further study.Materials & MethodsBy establishing a mouse model of intermittent hypoxia, we conducted functional studies on key miRNAs and splicing factor using methods such as miRNA sequencing, bioinformatics, and molecular biology.ResultsIn the mouse hippocampus, intermittent hypoxia altered the expression of many miRNAs, with miR‐448‐3p and miR‐1264‐3p changing over the course of more than three time periods. Interestingly, the expression of Fam76b, the common target gene of these two miRNAs, also changed under intermittent hypoxia. Further studies showed that Fam76b may regulate the ratio of Nbr1 and Dph3 transcripts in response to hypoxia by affecting the localization of hnRNPA2B1 protein within cells.DiscussionResearch into intermittent hypoxia‐induced disorders, including Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases, might benefit from a better understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of miRNA and alternative splicing in hypoxic response at the animal and cell levels.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that intermittent hypoxia alters the expression of miR‐448‐3p and miR‐1264‐3p, as well as the localization of the splicing factor hnRNPA2B1 in the cell nucleus. These findings enhance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of neuronal responses to hypoxia and hold potential implications for treating hypoxia‐related diseases like Alzheimer's disease.