bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CT, MRI and ultrasound scanning rates: Evaluation of cancer diagnosis, staging and surveillance in ontario
Authors: Coburn Natalie , Przybysz Raymond , Barbera Lisa , Hodgson David , Sharir Sharon , Laupacis Andreas , Law Calvin 
Published: September 2008

AbstractObjectiveTo examine practice patterns and rates of computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and abdominal ultrasound (AUS) during staging, treatment and surveillance for cancer patients.MethodsUsing Ontario Health Insurance Plan billing data linked to the Ontario Cancer Registry, we determined rates of CT, MRI, and AUS by body site for breast, colorectal, lung, lymphoma, and prostate cancer, from 1998 to 2002. Rates of scans were additionally examined by region of patient residence and time from cancer diagnosis.ResultsThe frequency of imaging increased in nearly all scans and tumors over the study period. Rates of peri‐diagnosis scans varied substantially by region, ranging from 1.7‐fold variation (CT for lung cancer) to 50‐fold variation (MRI for breast cancer). For breast cancer, there is possible over‐utilization of CT, but overall rates of scanning appear reasonable for the other four cancers.ConclusionsConsiderable regional variation in imaging rates suggests utilization guidelines should be developed or knowledge transfer initiatives are needed to improve compliance to existing guidelines. In breast cancer, there appears to be over‐utilization of imaging. Further studies are necessary to determine utilization for each stage, the reason scans were obtained, and the impact of scans on patient outcomes. J. Surg. Oncol. 2008;98:490–499. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Detection of metastatic thyroid carcinoma by 99mTc‐pertechnetate in the presence of hyperfunctioning thyroid tissue
Authors: Krausz Yodphat , Horne Tifha 
Published: September 2008

AbstractNeck metastases secondary to thyroid cancer are rarely visualized scinti‐graphically in the presence of a functioning thyroid gland. We present a patient with cervical lymph node metastases that take up 99mTc pertech‐netate in the presence of hyperfunctioning thyroid tissue and discuss the pathophysiology of this phenomenon.
Mood and persuasion: Evidence for the differential influence of positive and negative states
Authors: Kuykendall David , Keating John P. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThis article investigated how moods influence reactions to a persuasive communication. Subjects read a magazine article designed to induce a positive, neutral, or negative state, then read and evaluated a communication for which argument quality varied. As in previous research (Worth & Mackie, 1987), argument quality failed to differentially influence attitudes for positive subjects. In contrast, attitudes were more favorable following stronger arguments for neutral and negative subjects. These findings suggest that systematic processing is reduced by positive, but not by negative moods. Discussion focuses on the processes underlying observed relationships, and on selective processing of communications as a means of mood management.
Developing a typology of affective responses to advertising
Authors: Batra Rajeev , Holbrook Morris B. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThis article identifies—and then validates—a set of categories for use in the measurement of affective responses to advertising. Unlike previous categories developed for this purpose, these are first extracted by cluster analysis and then also subjected to formal tests for reliability and for convergent, discriminant, concurrent, and predictive validity.
Okadaic acid induces the expression of both early and secondary response genes in mouse keratinocytes
Authors: Holladay Karen , Fujiki Hirota , Bowden G. Tim 
Published: September 2008

AbstractOkadaic acid (OA), a potent mouse skin tumor promoter and inhibitor of the protein phosphatases 1 and 2A, was investigated for its effects on the expression of tumor‐associated early and secondary response genes in mouse keratinocytes. Adult mice were treated topically with 12.5 nmol of OA, and the steady‐state levels of various gene transcripts in the skin were determined at different times after treatment. The nuclear protooncogenes c‐fos and c‐jun are referred to as early response genes because the classical tumor promoter 12‐O‐tetradecanoylphorbol‐13‐acetate (TPA) induces their expression to maximal levels within 2 h after treatment. OA induced the expression of c‐fos 2–72 h after treatment, with two peaks at 6 and 48 h. The steady‐state level of expression of c‐jun was relatively high in untreated skin, and OA induced a slight increase in its expression from 12 to 48 h after treatment. Transin and plasminogen‐activator (PA) urokinase, whose induced expression peaks at least 4 h after TPA treatment, are referred to as secondary response genes. OA induced their expression more slowly than TPA. In mouse papilloma cell line 308, OA induced higher and more sustained steady‐state levels of c‐jun and c‐fos than an equimolar dose of TPA. Transin and PA‐urokinase were induced to similar levels by TPA and OA in 308 cells; however, the induction of these genes by OA was slower than induction by TPA. The existence of different patterns of induced expression of early and secondary response genes by OA and TPA suggests that these tumor promoters affect gene expression in mouse keratinocytes through different pathways.
Expression of transforming growth factor‐alpha in regenerating liver and during hepatic differentiation
Authors: Evarts Ritva P. , Nakatsukasa Harushige , Marsden Elizabeth R. , Hu Zongyi , Thorgeirsson Snorri S. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractBoth the level of expression and cellular distribution of transcripts for transforming growth factor‐alpha (TGF‐α) were studied in adult rat liver after partial hepatectomy and during hepatic differentiation in fetal, neonatal, and adult livers by northern blot analysis and in situ hybridization. A marked increase in the expression of TGF‐α was observed in neonatal livers and in adult livers after partial hepatectomy and during hepatic regeneration following modification of the Solt‐Farber protocol. Quantitation of silver grains after in situ hybridization with a TGF‐α riboprobe revealed a sixfold to eightfold increase in fetal and neonatal hepatocytes. Moreover, the expression of TGF‐α in the liver 3 wk after birth was still fourfold higher than that of the adult quiescent liver. Both proliferating oval cells and basophilic foci of hepatocytes generated by modification of the Solt‐Farber protocol were positive for TGF‐α transcripts. The level of TGF‐α transcripts was sixfold higher in the basophilic foci than in the surrounding liver. High concentrations of TGF‐α transcripts were observed in the oval cells that lined pseudoducts and in the transitional cells proliferating within the ducts. The combination of in situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry using cell‐specific antibodies revealed the presence of TGF‐α transcripts in both oval cells and in perisinusoidal stellate cells. The observation that TGF‐α transcripts were found both in primitive liver epithelial cells and perisinusoidal stellate cells suggests that this growth factor, in addition to its mitogenic action, may also have other important functions in the liver.
Walking speed during single and dual tasks in Parkinson's disease: Which characteristics are important?
Authors: Rochester Lynn , Nieuwboer Alice , Baker Katherine , Hetherington Victoria , Willems Anne‐Marie , Kwakkel Gert , Van Wegen Erwin , Lim Inge , Jones Diana 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThe impact of dual tasks on gait in Parkinson's disease (PD) reveals lack of automaticity and increased cognitive demands. We explored which characteristics explained walking speed with and without dual task interference and if they reflected the cognitive demands of the task. In 130 people with PD, gait performance was quantified in the home using accelerometers allowing estimates of single and dual task walking speed and interference (difference between dual and single task). Multiple regression analysis was used to explore the effect of 12 characteristics representing four domains (personal, motor symptoms, cognitive, affective) on gait outcomes. Thirty‐seven percent of variance in single task speed was explained by increased fear of falling, sex, age, disease severity, and depression; 34% of variance in dual task speed was explained by increased fear of falling, disease severity, medication, and depression; 12% of variance in interference scores was explained by greater disease severity and impaired executive function. Personal, motor, affective, and cognitive characteristics contribute to walking speed and interference, highlighting the multifactorial nature of gait. Different patterns of characteristics for each outcome indicates the impact of cognitive demand and task complexity, providing cautious support for dual task speed and interference as valid proxy measures of cognitive demand in PD gait. © 2008 Movement Disorder Society
Motor re‐training does not need to be task specific to improve writer's cramp
Authors: Zeuner Kirsten E. , Peller Martin , Knutzen Arne , Hallett Mark , Deuschl Günther , Siebner Hartwig R. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractPrevious studies showed a beneficial effect of motor re‐training in task‐specific hand dystonia. Here we examined whether re‐training needs to specifically focus on the task affected by dystonia. 21 patients with writer's cramp were randomly assigned to two types of re‐training: One group of patients trained drawing and writing movements using a pen attached to the bottom of a finger splint. The second group used therapeutic putty to train finger movements without exercises of drawing and writing movements. Training lasted for 8 weeks. Before re‐training, affected hand and forearm were immobilized for 4 weeks to facilitate the responsiveness to re‐training. Dystonia was assessed during handwriting using the Writer's Cramp Rating Scale. Although no clinical improvement was observed immediately after immobilization, 8 weeks of re‐training improved task‐specific dystonia relative to baseline (P = 0.005). Both training modalities were equally effective. More severely affected patients benefited most. There was no correlation between disease duration and the individual treatment response. Re‐training also improved hand function as indexed by the Arm Dystonia Disability Scale (P = 0.008). Kinematic handwriting analysis showed that re‐training lowered vertical force level and enhanced the fluency of handwriting. We conclude that re‐training does not need to specifically focus on the task affected by dystonia to be clinically effective. © 2008 Movement Disorder Society
Apparent diffusion coefficient of the superior cerebellar peduncle differentiates progressive supranuclear palsy from Parkinson's disease
Authors: Nicoletti Giuseppe , Tonon Caterina , Lodi Raffaele , Condino Francesca , Manners David , Malucelli Emil , Morelli Maurizio , Novellino Fabiana , Paglionico Sandra , Lanza Pierluigi , Messina Demetrio , Barone Paolo , Morgante Letterio , Zappia Mario , Barbiroli Bruno , Quattrone Aldo 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThe early diagnosis of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) may be challenging, because of clinical overlapping features with Parkinson's disease (PD) and other parkinsonian syndromes such as the Parkinsonian variant of multiple system atrophy (MSA‐P). Conventional MRI can help in differentiating parkinsonian disorders but its diagnostic accuracy is still unsatisfactory. On the basis of the pathological demonstration of superior cerebellar peduncle (SCP) atrophy in patients with PSP, we assessed the SCP apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values in patients with PSP, PD, and MSA‐P in order to evaluate its differential diagnostic value in vivo. Twenty‐eight patients with PSP (14 with possible‐PSP and 14 with probable‐PSP), 15 PD, 15 MSA‐P, and 16 healthy subjects were studied by using diffusion weighted imaging (DWI). ADC was calculated in regions of interest defined in the left and right SCP by two clinically blinded operators. Intrarater (r = 0.98, P < 0.001) and interrater reliability (r = 0.97; P < 0.001) for SCP measurements were high. Patients with PSP had higher SCP rADC values (median 0.98 × 10−3mm2/s) than patients with PD (median 0.79 × 10−3 mm2/s, P < 0.001), MSA‐P (median 0.79 × 10−3 mm2/s, P < 0.001), and healthy controls (median 0.80 × 10−3 mm2/s, P < 0.001). DWI discriminated patients with PSP from PD and healthy subjects on the basis of SCP rADC individual values (100% sensitivity and specificity) and from patients with MSA‐P (96.4% sensitivity and 93.3% specificity). The higher values of rADC in SCP of patients with PSP correspond with the in vivo microstructural feature of atrophy detected postmortem and provide an additional support for early discrimination between PSP and other neurodegenerative parkinsonisms. © 2008 Movement Disorder Society
Optimizing algorithms to identify Parkinson's disease cases within an administrative database
Authors: Szumski Nicholas R. , Cheng Eric M. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractPatients assigned the diagnostic ICD‐9‐CM code for Parkinson's disease (PD) in an administrative database may not truly carry that diagnosis because of the various error sources. Improved ability to identify PD cases within databases may facilitate specific research goals. Experienced chart reviewers abstracted the working diagnosis of all 577 patients assigned diagnostic code 332.0 (PD) during 1 year at a VA Healthcare System. We then tested the ability of various algorithms making use of PD and non‐PD diagnostic codes, specialty of clinics visited, and medication prescription data to predict the abstracted working diagnosis. Chart review determined 436 (75.6%) patients to be PD or Possibly PD, and 141 (24.4%) to be Not PD. Our tiered consensus algorithm preferentially used data from specialists over nonspecialists improved PPV to 83.2% (P = 0.003 vs. baseline). When presence of a PD prescription was an additional criterion, PPV increased further to 88.2% (P = 0.04 vs. without medication criterion), but sensitivity decreased from 87.4 to 77.1% (P = 0.0001). We demonstrate that algorithms provide better identification of PD cases than using a single occurrence of the diagnostic code for PD, and modifications of such algorithms can be tuned to maximize parameters that best meet the goals of a particular database query. © 2008 Movement Disorder Society
Atypical parkinsonism in the Caribbean island of Guadeloupe: Etiological role of the mitochondrial complex I inhibitor annonacin
Authors: Lannuzel Annie , Ruberg Merle , Michel Patrick P. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractOn the French West Indian island of Guadeloupe, atypical parkinsonian patients represent two‐thirds of all cases of parkinsonism, which is exceptionally frequent compared to epidemiological data from European countries where atypical parkinsonism accounts for only approximately 5% of all cases. The clinical entity was a unique combination of levodopa‐resistant parkinsonism, tremor, myoclonus, hallucinations, REM sleep behavior disorder and fronto‐subcortical dementia. Based on the presence or the absence of supranuclear gaze palsy, two subgroups of patients were distinguished. In patients with oculomotor signs that came to autopsy, neuronal loss was found to predominate in the substantia nigra and the striatum but other brain areas were also affected, including the frontal cortex. In addition, tau‐containing lesions were detected throughout the brain. Epidemiological data suggested a close association of the disease with the regular consumption of soursop, a tropical annonaceous plant. Experimental studies performed in midbrain cell cultures identified annonacin, a selective mitochondrial complex I inhibitor contained in the fruit and leaves of soursop, as a probable etiological factor. Consistent with this view, chronic administration of annonacin to rats through Alzet osmotic minipumps showed that annonacin was able to reproduce the brain lesions characteristic of the human disease. © 2008 Movement Disorder Society
Poststroke restless legs syndrome and lesion location: Anatomical considerations
Authors: Lee Seung‐Jae , Kim Joong‐Seok , Song In‐Uk , An Jae‐Young , Kim Yeong‐In , Lee Kwang‐Soo 
Published: September 2008

AbstractSeveral case studies have reported on restless legs syndrome (RLS) associated with stroke. In this study, we investigated the prevalence and the lesion topography of poststroke RLS. There were 137 patients with ischemic stroke included in this study. The diagnosis of RLS was made 1 month after the index stroke using the criteria established by the International RLS Study Group. All patients enrolled underwent magnetic resonance imaging within 7 days of the onset of the stroke. The prevalence of stroke‐related RLS was calculated, and the topography of the associated ischemic lesions was analyzed. Among 137 patients, 17 patients (12.4%) were diagnosed with RLS after a stroke. Stroke‐related RLS was found in 10 out of 33 patients with a basal ganglia/corona radiata infarct (30.3%), 1 out of 8 patients with an internal capsular infarct (12.5%), and 1 out of 7 patients with a thalamic infarct (14.3%). In addition, one out of 54 with a cortical lesion with/without subcortical involvement (1.9%), and 4 out of 18 patients with a pontine lesion (22.2%) had RLS. The analysis of the lesions in the cortical and subcortical group showed only 1 patient in the cortical group had stroke‐related RLS, whereas 16 in the subcortical group had stroke‐related RLS. The results of this study suggest that lesions of the subcortical brain areas such as the pyramidal tract and the basal ganglia‐brainstem axis, which are involved in motor functions and sleep‐wake cycles, may lead to RLS symptoms in patients after an ischemic stroke. © 2008 Movement Disorder Society
A novel Y‐loop aperture frequency selective surface using substrate‐integrated waveguide technology
Authors: Qi Na‐Na , Gong Shu‐Xi , Zhang Peng‐Fei , Liu Jian‐Fu 
Published: September 2008

AbstractIn this article, a novel Y‐loop frequency‐selective surface (FSS) is proposed based on substrate‐integrated waveguide (SIW) technology. This novel Y‐loop FSS is analyzed by Ansoft HFSS simulation tool. It can be observed that the proposed Y‐loop aperture FSS has higher selectivity for reducing the relative bandwidth about 5%, and more stable bandwidth at different polarization states and in various incident directions compared with the conventional Y‐loop FSS. The effectiveness of the novel Y‐loop aperture FSS is validated by good agreement between the simulated results and the measured results. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 3023–3027, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23867
Two‐dimensional mapping of electro‐optic phase retardation in PLZT by digital holography
Authors: Shi Yan , Zheng Shilie , Zhang Xianmin , Jin Xiaofeng , Zou Yingyin Kevin 
Published: September 2008

AbstractA two‐dimensional mapping of the phase retardation induced by the electro‐optic effect in lead lanthanum zirconate titanate (PLZT) is demonstrated by use of a digital holography method. This technique provides information of spatially resolved optical path difference in PLZT when a linearly rising voltage ramp is applied and can be used to evaluate the uniformity of a ferroelectric ceramic's electro‐optic properties and qualities. Besides, this technique could also be an alternative method to visualize the domain evolution in PLZT which is very important for the PLZT based photonic devices with help of a high speed CCD camera. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 3093–3097, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23869
Controllable reverse double U‐shaped defected ground structure for bandpass filter with improved out‐of‐band performances
Authors: Lin Wen‐Jeng , Chen Lih‐Shan , Houng Mau‐Phon 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThis letter presents a bandpass filter with low insertion loss and suppression of spurious resonance, which is implemented by using the controllable reverse double U‐shaped defected ground structure (RDU‐DGS) cells. The proposed RDU‐DGS cells are with the advantage of good controllability of band rejections without occupying too much area. The measured results of the proposed bandpass filters are in good agreement with simulated ones. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 3055–3057, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23871
Micromachined CMOS E‐band bandpass coplanar filters
Authors: Huang Pen‐Li , Wang Tao , Lin Yo‐Sheng , Lu Shey‐Shi 
Published: September 2008

AbstractIn this work, E‐band CMOS coplanar filters, whose initial design is made according to quasi‐ TEM‐approximation‐based analytical models, are implemented. To study the substrate effects, the CMOS‐compatible inductively coupled‐plasma (ICP) deep trench technology is used to selectively remove the silicon underneath the filter completely. For the filter with top metal thickness of 0.93 μm after the backside ICP etching, the results show that the input matching bandwidth, i.e. S11below −10 dB, moves from lower 39.8–81.4 GHz‐band to higher 55.9–94.1 GHz‐band, and the 3‐dB bandwidth of S21moves from lower 43.5–76.3 GHz‐band to higher 54.5–93.3 GHz‐band. In addition, a 4.67 dB improvement [from −8.86 dB (at 58.5 GHz) to −4.19 dB (at 74.5 GHz)] in peak S21was achieved. These results show that for the design of passive coplanar devices in the E‐band, the quasi‐TEM‐ approximation‐based analytical models can be used and the backside ICP etching is effective to reduce the substrate loss and parasitic capacitance. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 3123–3125, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23873
Planar 4‐element UWB antenna array and time domain characterization
Authors: Yang Ying‐Ying , Chu Qing‐Xin 
Published: September 2008

AbstractIn this article, a novel planar ultra‐wideband (UWB) antenna array based on four identical UWB antenna elements for UWB applications is presented. The proposed antenna array yields an impedance bandwidth of 3.1–10.6 GHz with VSWR <2. Over the entire bandwidths, it has constant high gain, which is about 6.5–10.5 dBi, and a 60° 3‐dB beamwidth is obtained within the operational band. A planar 2‐element UWB antenna array and a band‐notched 4‐element UWB antenna array are also provided for references. Time domain descriptors of the proposed antenna array have been used to estimate short‐range UWB signal transmission, propagation, and reception. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 3118–3123, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23874