bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expression and Physiological Significance of Growth Hormone Receptors and Growth Hormone Binding Proteins in Rat and Man
Authors: CARLSSON B. , EDEN S. , NILSSON A. , OHLSSON C. , TORNELL J. , VIKMAN K. , ISAKSSON O.G.P. 
Published: January 2008

The molecular structure of the GH receptor has recently been characterized and the receptor identified as a member of a new receptor superfamily that includes the prolactin receptor andseveral cytokine receptors. No obvious signal transducing domain has been identified on any of these related receptors. One possible signalling mechanism involves receptor interaction with other membrane‐associated proteins that function as mediators of signal transduction. Whether such a mechanism is involved in signal transduction of the GH receptor is not known. Another common feature of these receptors is the presence of soluble forms such as the GHBP. The functions of these proteins in the circulation and at the level of the target cell remain to be resolved.
Developmental screening at four years of age. Relation to home situation, perinatal stress, development and behaviour
Authors: Larsson J‐O , Aurelius G , Nordberg L , Rydelius P‐A , Zetterström R 
Published: January 2008

Larsson J‐O, Aurelius G, Nordberg L, Rydelius P‐A, Zetterström R. Developmental screening at four years of age. Relation to home situation, perinatal stress, development and behaviour. Acta Pædiatr 1994;83:46–53. Stockholm. ISSN 0803–5253A developmental screening programme constructed for the use of Swedish child welfare centres on four‐year‐old children has been tested on a cohort of 471 children who have been followed up from the stage of early pregnancy. The results of the screening test were compared with data in the project using a multidisciplinary, longitudinal and prospective design. The test, which can be performed by a child welfare centre nurse and which is not time‐consuming, includes four items summed up in a four‐years‐of‐age score: the child is asked to name three easily recognizable objects, to draw a cross (according to a model), and to draw a man; in addition, an evaluation is made of speech development. On average, boys were found to have a lower score than girls. The results of the screening test were related to data available in the ongoing project; to the psychosocial conditions of the families, to foetal and perinatal factors (reduced optimality score according to Prechtl), to the presence of psychopathology, and to the results of Griffiths' developmental scales. The developmental screening score, which in most instances was associated with the Griffiths' scales, was found to be related to psychosocial problems in the family and to abnormal behaviour and psychiatric symptoms in the child, but not to reduced optimality scores. The results indicate that a relatively simple screening method is of value for the identification of children who are at risk of abnormal mental and behavioural development, and who may thus be in need of special care and attention.
Nicotine and cotinine levels in pericardial fluid in victims of SIDS
Authors: Milerad J , Rajs J , Gidlund E 
Published: January 2008

Milerad J, Rajs J, Gidlund E. Nicotine and cotinine levels in pericardial fluid in victims of SIDS. Acta Paediatr 1994;83:59–62. Stockholm. ISSN 0803–5253We have analyzed the levels of nicotine and cotinine in pericardial fluid in 24 consecutively autopsied cases of sudden unexpected death in infants aged one to six months. Our aim was to determine to what extent victims of sudden infant death may have been exposed to passive smoking near the time of death. Sixteen of the decreased infants were classified as SIDS at autopsy. Other contributing causes of death, predominantly infections, were found in eight cases. Eight infants (30%) had cotinine levels less than 2 ng, indicating that no significant exposure to nicotine had occurred near the time of death. Of the remaining 70%, five had been moderately exposed, seven markedly exposed and four heavily exposed (cotinine levels 2–10 ng, 10–50 ng and more than 50 ng, respectively). Since only 18% of Swedish women smoke after childbearing we conclude that nicotine exposure in infants who died suddenly was much higher than one would otherwise expect. It is hypothesized that high concentrations of nicotine and nicotine metabolites around the heart may affect cardiac function and thus play a role in the mechanisms causing SIDS or other categories of sudden unexpected death.
Outcome of cadaver kidney transplantation in small children
Authors: Cochat Pierre , Castelo Fernanda , Glastre Catherine , Martin Xavier , Stamm Didier , Long Denise , Lavocat Marie‐Pierre , Hadj‐Aïssa Aoumeur , Lyonnet Denis , Floret Daniel 
Published: January 2008

Cochat P, Castelo F, Glastre C, Martin X, Stamm D, Long D, Lavocat M‐P, Hadj‐Aïssa A, Lyonnet D, Floret D. Outcome of cadaver kidney transplantation in small children. Acta Pædiatr 1994;83:78–83. Stockholm. ISSN 0803–5253Small children have often been reported to have poor outcome after kidney transplantation (KT). Recent reports from North America have shown that the use of living‐related donors improves patient and graft survival. We report the experience in one centre of primary cadaveric KT using sequential immunosuppression in nine children aged 8–30 months and weighing 5.4–9.8 kg; donors were 0.7–12.3 years old. Four patients had pre‐emptive KT and the other five were on peritoneal dialysis; the mean ± SD waiting time was 2.0 ± 2.4 months. Perioperative care has been published previously. The surgical approach was intraperitoneal if the aorta and vena cava were used (n= 7) and extraperitoneal for common iliac vessels anastomosis (n = 2); the duration of surgery was 3.5 ± 0.9 h and the time for vascular anastomosis was 32 ± 6 min. The recipients received ATG, azathioprine, prednisone and delayed administration of cyclosporin A. The patients were followed for 12–98 (median 41) months and showed good graft function (inulin clearance 63–100 ml/min/1.73 m2); only one child with recurrent haemolytic uraemic syndrome lost his graft three months post‐transplantation and died after he had received a second graft. None of the recipients required post‐transplant dialysis; arterial hypertension involved four children and was related to graft artery stenosis in two. Growth improved by 0.24 ± 0.48 SD score of height per year. Compared to earlier reports on cadaver transplantation in small children (about 40% graft survival after five years) and to the outcome of chronic peritoneal dialysis, the present results are better and appear to be similar to those obtained with living‐related donor transplantation.
Viral infections acquired during neonatal intensive care and lung function of preterm infants at follow‐up
Authors: Yuksel B , Greenough A 
Published: January 2008

Yuksel B, Greenough A. Viral infections acquired during neonatal intensive care and lung function of preterm infants at follow‐up. Acta Pzdiatr 1994;83:117–18. Stockholm. ISSN 0803–5253Respiratory function was assessed at a median postnatal age of seven months in seven infants born prematurely who suffered from chronic lung disease and had a proven viral infection while on the neonatal unit (study group). The results were compared with those of seven infants with chronic lung disease who were gestational age‐ and gender‐matched but who did not have a viral infection (controls). Six of the study group and two controls were symptomatic at follow‐up. Airways resistance was significantly higher (p < 0.04) and specific conductance significantly lower (p < 0.05) in the study group compared with the controls. We conclude in premature infants with chronic lung disease that viral infections acquired in the neonatal nursery are associated with impaired lung function at follow‐up.
Faecal short chain fatty acids in breast‐fed and formula‐fed babies
Authors: Edwards Christine A , Parrett Alison M , Balmer Susan E , Wharton Brian A 
Published: January 2008

Edwards CA, Parrett AM, Balmer SE, Wharton BA. Faecal short chain fatty acids in breast‐fed and formula‐fed babies. Acta Pædiatr 1994;83:459–62. Stockholm. ISSN 0803–5253The intestinal flora of breast‐fed infants differs from that of formula‐fed infants. It is thought that this difference in flora may be one important reason why breast‐fed babies suffer less from gastrointestinal disease. Differences in intestinal flora are reflected in the profile of faecal short chain fatty acids (SCFA). Very little is known about faecal concentrations of SCFA in babies fed breast milk or infant formula. In this study, faecal SCFA were measured in babies at two and four weeks of age who had been either exclusively breast fed or bottle fed from birth. There was no significant difference in total faecal SCFA concentrations between breast‐fed and formula‐fed babies when lactate was included. The formula‐fed group, however, had less lactic acid and higher concentrations of propionic and n‐buytric acids than breast‐fed babies. Very few babies had significant levels of n‐butyric acid, although this SCFA is believed to be important for the health of the colonic mucosa of adults.
Lipoprotein changes in small‐for‐gestational‐age infants fed nucleotide‐supplemented milk formula
Authors: Morillas J , Moltó L , Robles R , Gil A , Sanchez‐Pozo A 
Published: January 2008

Morillas J, Moltó L, Robles R, Gil A, Sánchez‐Pozo A. Lipoprotein changes in small‐for‐gestational‐age infants fed nucleotide‐supplemented milk formula. Acta Prediatr 1994;83:481–5. Stockholm. ISSN 0803–5253We determined the effect of supplementing milk formula with nucleotides on plasma lipoproteins in small‐for‐gestational‐age infants: 21 infants were fed a nucleotide‐supplemented formula and 20 infants were fed the same nucleotide‐free formula. On days 0, 3 and 7 after birth, major plasma lipoprotein fractions were analyzed for apolipoprotein and lipid composition. Compared with the control group, the group receiving nucleotides had increased total apoprotein concentrations in all lipoproteins as well as increased apo A‐I in high‐density lipoproteins and very low‐density lipoproteins, and apo B‐100 in very low‐density lipoproteins and low‐density lipoproteins. Very low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and very low‐density lipoprotein triglycerides increased in parallel to the changes in apoproteins. The cholesterol ester to unesterified cholesterol ratio was increased in low‐density lipoproteins and, particularly, in high‐density lipoproteins. These data support the hypothesis that lipoprotein metabolism in small‐for‐gestational‐age infants is affected by dietary nucleotide supplementation, enhancing lipoprotein synthesis or secretion. Cholesterol esterification capacity paralleled the apo A‐I increase, in agreement with the co‐factor role of apo A‐I on lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase.
Reversible changes in cerebral activity associated with acidosis in preterm neonates
Authors: Eaton Deborah G Murdoch , Wertheim David , Oozeer Rowena , Dubowitz Lilly MS , Dubowitz Victor 
Published: January 2008

Murdoch Eaton DG, Wertheim D, Oozeer R, Dubowitz LMS, Dubowitz V. Reversible changes in cerebral activity associated with acidosis in preterm neonates. Acta Paediatr 1994;83:486–92. Stockholm. ISSN 0803–5253Computerized online EEG monitoring in ventilated preterm infants less than 32 weeks' gestation enabled evaluation of the effect of acidosis on cerebral function. All episodes of acidosis were found to be associated with changes in the levels of cerebral activity. In 21 of the 32 episodes, EEG activity returned to pre‐acidosis levels after therapeutic intervention. The duration of EEG abnormality was related to the severity of acidosis. However, the time to recovery of the EEG after therapeutic procedures was not related to duration of the EEG change.
Accuracy of central venous pressure measurements in the inferior vena cava in the ventilated child
Authors: Murdoch IA , Rosenthal E , Huggon IC , Coutinho W , Qureshi SA 
Published: January 2008

Murdoch IA, Rosenthal E, Huggon IC, Coutinho W, Qureshi SA. Accuracy of central venous pressure measurements in the inferior vena cava in the ventilated child. Acta Pædiatr 1994;83:512–14. Stockholm. ISSN 0803–5253We compared central venous pressure measurements from three sites, superior vena cava, inferior vena cava and right atrium, in 12 children undergoing cardiac catheterization whilst on assisted ventilation. There was no significant difference between the mean pressures in the superior vena cava and the inferior vena cava. Furthermore, there was also no difference between the mean pressures in the inferior vena cava and the right atrium. Because of the greater safety of the placement of pressure monitoring lines in the inferior vena cava via the femoral vein, this approach should be the preferred route for central venous pressure monitoring in children.
Effects of salbutamol inhalations on transcutaneous blood gases in children during the acute asthmatic attack: from acute deterioration to recovery
Authors: Holmgren D , Sixt R 
Published: January 2008

Holmgren D, Sixt R. Effects of salbutamol inhalations on transcutaneous blood gases in children during the acute asthmatic attack: from acute deterioration to recovery. Acta Pædiatr 1994;83:515–19. Stockholm. ISSN 0803–5253Nine children, 7–16 years of age, were studicd repeatedly during an acute asthmatic attack, from acute deterioration to recovery. The transcutaneous blood gases, forced expiratory volume in l s (FEV1) and maximum expiratory flow when 25% of vital capacity remained to be expelled (MEF25) were monitored before and after salbutamol inhalation. The flow‐volume variables were markedly impaired in the acute phase but improved gradually by the time of recovery. The transcutaneous PO2 (tcPO2) decreased in the acute and early recovery phase but improved by the late recovery phase. In the acute phase, the salbutamol inhalations increased the FEV1, indicating an improvement in central airway function, but also reduced the MEF25 and tcPO2 in some of the children. The changes in tcPO2 after the inhalations correlated with the changes in MEF25 (p< 0.001), thereby indicating a common denominator, probably the condition of the peripheral airways. In the recovery phase, the FEV1, MEF25 and tcPO2 improved after the inhalations (p < 0.05). In conclusion, transcutaneous PO2 can be used to evaluate the effects of treatment in children with acute asthmatic symptoms and may add information about peripheral airway function which may prove particularly valuable in small children where few methods are available for such measurements.
Effect of hydrochlorothiazide and indomethacin treatment on renal function in nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
Authors: Jakobsson B , Berg U 
Published: January 2008

Jakobsson B, Berg U. Effect of hydrochlorothiazide and indomethacin treatment on renal function in nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. Acta Pædiatr 1994;83:522–5. Stockholm. ISSN 0803–5253The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of treatment with hydrochlorothiazide and hydrochlorothiazide and indomethacin combined on renal function in four boys, two with nephrogenic diabetes insipidus and two with partial nephrogenic diabetes insipidus using the clearances of inulin and para‐aminohippuric acid under water diuresis and lithium clearance. Hydrochlorothiazide reduced urine flow and lithium clearance. These effects were further potentiated by addition of indomethacin. No consistent effects on renal plasma flow or glomerular filtration rate were found. It is concluded that treatment with hydrochlorothiazide alone and hydrochlorothiazide and indomethacin combined reduces urine flow in nephrogenic diabetes insipidus by increasing proximal tubular reabsorption of sodium.
Steroid response pattern in Indian children with nephrotic syndrome
Authors: Gulati Sanjeev , Kher Vijay , Sharma RK , Gupta Amit 
Published: January 2008

Gulati S, Kher V, Sharma RK, Gupta A. Steroid response pattern in Indian children with nephrotic syndrome. Acta Pædiatr 1994;83:530–3. Stockholm. ISSN 08033–5253The steroid response pattern to standard prednisolone therapy is of immense diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic value for the treating physician in managing children with nephrotic syndrome. None of the studies from our country has analysed the clinical, biochemical and histopathological profile in different steroid response categories. To address this problem we conducted a study comprising 127 children with nephrotic syndrome referred to our Institute. They were treated with oral prednisolone according to the APN protocol. Based on the subsequent response these children were classified into different steroid response categories on follow‐up. Of the 116 children with follow‐up of more than six months, infrequent relapsers constituted the majority (37.9%). The frequency of other steroid response categories was as follows: frequent relapsers (21.6%), steroid‐dependent (18.1%), initial non‐responders (17.3%) and subsequent non‐responders (5.1%). The factors predicting a poor response to standard prednisolone therapy in our study were age of onset more than eight years, male sex, hypertension, microscopic haematuria and presence of non‐minimal change nephrotic syndrome lesions on histopathology
Porcine surfactant replacement therapy in newborns of 25‐31 weeks’gestation: a randomized, multicentre trial of prophylaxis versus rescue with multiple low doses
Authors: Walti H , Paris‐Llado J , Breart G , Couchard M 
Published: January 2008

The aim of the study was to determine if prophylaxis with multiple low doses of porcine surfactant would increase survival, without bronchopulmonary dysplasia, compared with rescue therapy, for respiratory distress syndrome in newborns of 25‐31 weeks’gestation. Compared with rescue therapy (n= 122), prophylaxis (n = 134) decreased the need for oxygenation and ventilatory support within 3‐72 h. It did not, however, increase survival without bronchopulmonary dysplasia (60% versus 46%) (odds ratio (OR) =1.53, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.90‐2.61). Furthermore, prophylaxis decreased the incidence of severe peri‐intraventricular haemorrhage (3% versus 16%) (OR = 0.28, 95% CI = 0.09‐0.84) and retinopathy of prematurity (2% versus 11%) (OR = 0.18, CI = 0.04‐0.78). We conclude that prophylaxis did not increase survival without bronchopulmonary dysplasia. The decreased incidence of severe peri‐intraventricular haemorrhage and retinopathy of prematurity after prophylaxis requires further study. Porcine surfactant, respiratory distress syndrome, very premature infants H Walti, Service de medecine neonatale, Hopital Cochin Port‐Royal, 123 Bid de Port‐Royal, 75014, Paris, France
Magnetic resonance imaging in children with kernicterus
Authors: Yokochi K 
Published: January 2008

The magnetic resonance (MR) findings of three children with severe neonatal jaundice who were suspected to be suffering from kernicterus were examined. In all children high intensity areas in the globus pallidus were demonstrated bilaterally on T2‐weighted imaging. The posteromedial border of the globus pallidus was shown to be the most sensitive area to kernicterus by MR findings. D Athetosis, cerebral palsy, globus pallidus, kernicterus, magnetic resonance imaging K Yokochi, Ohzora‐no‐iye Hospital, 7448 Nakagawa, Hosoe, Inasa, Shizuoka 431‐13, Japan
A special case of congenital adrenal hypoplasia and acute bilateral infantile striatal necrosis
Authors: Van Der Ent CK , De Vroede MAMJ , Aiigustijn PB , Wit JM 
Published: January 2008

Isolated mineralocorticoid deficiency is described in a 5‐week‐old boy. The deficiency progressed to general adrenal insufficiency during the boy's first year of life. The family history suggested X‐linked inheritance. At 18 months of age the patient developed acute bilateral infantile striatal necrosis, which might suggest a possible relationship between both entities.Adrenal hypoplasia, child, striatal necrosis C. K. van der Ent, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Hospital for Children and Youth, PO Box 18009, 3501 CA Utrecht, The Netherlands
Nutritional status in active juvenile chronic arthritis not treated with steroids
Authors: Strano CG , Polito C , Alessio M , Iammarrone C Servodio , Toro A Di , Todisco N , Marotta A 
Published: January 2008

Nutritional status and nutrient intake were assessed in 17 children with active juvenile chronic arthritis (JCA) who never received steroids and in 17 controls matched for age and sex. Five patients had systemic, seven polyarticular and five oligoarticular JCA. Values significantly below those of the controls were found in systemic patients for height (p < 0.05), upper arm circumference (p < 0.05) and arm muscle area (p < 0.01), and in polyarticular subjects for arm muscle area (p < 0.01). All patients had unremarkable anthropometric fat measurements. All anthropometric measurements were normal in oligoarticular patients. Twelve JCA patients had reduced serum iron (Fe), 6 reduced serum zinc (SZn), 14 reduced intra‐erythrocytic zinc (EZn) and 2 reduced serum copper (SCu). SZn was inversely correlated with erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (p= 0.023). EZn was inversely related to lymphocyte count (p= 0.022). SCu was related to ESR (p= 0.037) and to lymphocyte count (p= 0.016). No significant difference in nutrient intake was found between patients and controls. Active JCA was associated with reduced muscular mass, Fe, SZn and EZn. These alterations did not depend on reduced nutrient intake.Juvenile chronic arthritis, nutrient intake, nutritional status, trace elements
Food habits and energy and nutrient intake in Swedish adolescents approaching the year 2000
Authors: Samuelson G , Bratteby L‐E , Enghardt H , Hedgren M 
Published: January 2008

In 1993‐94 a nutritional survey of 15‐year‐old adolescents was carried out in Uppsala, a university city in eastern Sweden, and in Trollhättan, an industrial town in the western part of the country. The study was the beginning of a longitudinal nutritional survey of 193 boys and 218 girls randomly selected from the official population register. The dietary methods used were a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and a combined estimated and weighed 7‐day dietary record. According to the FFQ both boys and girls consumed cereals, butter or margarine and something from the group meat/fish/eggs every day. Milk, milk products, sweets and snacks were consumed more than once per day. Vegetables and fruit/ roots were consumed less often. There was relatively good correlation between the FFQ and the 7‐day record results.The mean daily energy intakes of the 15‐year‐old boys and girls were 10.2 and 8.3 M J, respectively, in Uppsala, and 9.8 and 7.4 M J in Trollhättan. The mean daily intakes of sucrose were 74 and 58 g in boys and 64 and 52 g in girls. The average daily dietary fibre intake was 1.8 g/MJ. The daily intake of energy obtained from breakfast was 18% on weekdays and 22% on weekends; 18 and 11% from prepared lunch; 24 and 30% from dinner, 21 and 14% from light meals; and 16 and 28% from snacks, in Uppsala and Trollhättan respectively. The lowest energy intake from a prepared lunch meal was noted during weekends. On both weekdays and weekends, considerable energy was obtained from light meals and snacks. However, nearly 40% of the girls and 28% of the boys had an energy intake from fat of Ylt; 30 energy %.The mean intakes of vitamin D and selenium and, in the case of girls, iron and zinc, were below the official Swedish Nutrition Recommendations. The daily median intake of iron was 18.7 mg in boys and 14.1 mg in girls. The iron intakes varied between 6 and 35 mg per day. Low serum ferritin concentrations, defined as s‐ferritin <12μg/L, were found in 7 boys (3.7%) and in 29 girls (13.9%).Significant negative correlations were found between smoking and frequency of consumption of vegetables, roots, fruits and meat. A negative correlation was also found between smoking and the intake of energy and a number of nutrients. Socioeconomic factors seem to be less important for the food habits of teenagers than for those noted during childhood. Only frequent consumption of vegetables was positively correlated to the mothers’educational level.