bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal Effects of Pole Dance Training on Body Composition and Muscular Strength in Women
Authors: Nawrocka Agnieszka , Pawelak Zbigniew , Mynarski Arkadiusz 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

This 20-week longitudinal study investigates the effects of pole dance training on body composition and hand grip strength inwomen. Conducted in K ̨ety, Poland, the study followed a repeated measures design, involving 54 participants with no priorpole dance experience. Participants underwent a comprehensive pole dance training program, focusing on improving strength,flexibility, and technique. Body composition was measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis, and hand grip strengthwas assessed with a hydraulic hand dynamometer. Results indicated significant improvements in physical health parameters,including a reduction in fat percentage and fat mass, alongside increases in muscle mass, fat-free mass, total body water, andhand grip strength. These findings highlight the potential of pole dance as an effective form of physical activity for enhancingmuscular strength and improving body composition in women. The study contributes to the sparse scientific literature on poledance’s health benefits, advocating for its inclusion in fitness programs aimed at improving women’s health. The researchunderscores the need for further exploration into the long-term impacts of pole dance and its potential as a comprehensiveexercise approach.
Spatial-temporal Characteristics and Driving Factors of the Coupling Coordination between Primary Health Care and Socioeconomic Development: A Case Study of Beijing, China
Authors: Liu Haopeng , Ma Chengyu , Lv Siyu , Tong Zirun 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Primary Health Care (PHC) plays a central role in achieving universal health coverage and is a key focus of China's healthcare reforms. It is important to balance PHC development across different regions and ensure its harmonious growth with economic and social factors. This balance is essential for equitable health access and overall societal well-being. This study aims to examine the spatial imbalance in PHC development and its coordination with socioeconomic factors, trying to explore the driving factors behind the imbalance.
Methods
This study focuses on the 16 districts of Beijing from 2012 to 2021, constructing a social, economic, and PHC evaluation indicator system. First, this study used the entropy weight method and coupling coordination model to analyze the Coupling Coordination Degree (CCD) of PHC, economic, and social development. Then, Moran's I was used to test the spatial association characteristics of PHC development and the CCD. Lastly, the Geodetector was used to explore the driving factors behind the dual imbalance in PHC.
Results
Between 2012 and 2021, Beijing's PHC resources significantly increased. The evaluation values for PHC in the central city, near suburbs, and far suburbs were 0.46, 0.23, and 0.06, respectively, with a Moran’s I of 0.22 (P = 0.02), signifying a spatial imbalance in PHC development. The CCD of these regions were 0.72, 0.57, and 0.35, respectively, with a Moran’s I of 0.48 (P = 0.002), signifying the CCD imbalance. Factors such as population (q = 0.90), physician (q = 0.87), and government financial spending (q = 0.82) emerged as principal drivers of this dual imbalance.
Conclusions
Over the last decade, Beijing's PHC resources have significantly increased, but spatial imbalance persists. Several districts exhibit a lag in primary health care relative to socio-economic advancements, with pronounced systemic imbalances in the far suburbs. Factors driving this dual imbalance include geographical features, resident economic status, demographics, medical resources, and government regulation ability. Enhanced governmental investment and policy support for primary health care in the far suburbs are recommended.
Study on the Correlation Between Job Happiness and Behavior Choices of Research Integrity of Teachers in Vocational Colleges
Authors: Zhou Wenqiang , Chen Shougen 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This paper delves deeply into the relationship between teachers’ job happiness and research integrity behavioral choices in vocational colleges, aiming to provide new ideas for vocational colleges to reduce academic misconduct incidents. Based on the previous theoretical research, a preliminary fitting model is constructed, and through the method of empirical research, it is validated that increasing the job happiness of teachers in vocational colleges can improve their behavior choices of research integrity. Relevant strategies for improving vocational teachers’ research integrity behavior choices based on the sense of growth and sense of belonging are proposed, which open up a new management approach and a new focus for the management of research integrity in vocational colleges.
Distinct recognition of mutant huntingtin aggregates by autophagy receptor SQSTM1/p62 versus optineurin has differential effects on cell survival
Authors: Seong Jihye , Kim Heejung , Lee Hae Nim , Ryu Hoon , Inn Kyung-Soo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disease caused by a polyglutamine (polyQ) expansion in the N-terminus of huntingtin (HTT). Mutant HTT (mHTT) undergoes misfolding and tends to aggregate, yet these aggregates are not effectively cleared by autophagy thus contributing to neurotoxicity in HD. The polyQ length of HTT in patients with HD varies from 40 to > 90; however, the precise mechanisms of autophagy dysfunction for mHTT with varying polyQ lengths remain unclear. In this study, we developed new HTT-polyQ aggregation sensors based on bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) to monitor the real-time aggregation process of mHTT with varying polyQ lengths. Using BiFC-based aggregation sensors, we demonstrated that mHTT aggregation kinetics is faster with a longer polyQ length, suggesting a correlation between polyQ length and the onset age of HD. Interestingly, we discovered that the different aggregation kinetics of mHTT may determine the physical properties of the aggregates: mHTT-polyQ43 forms liquid-like protein condensates, whereas mHTT-polyQ103 generates tightly concentrated aggregates. Furthermore, mHTT aggregates with different physical states were selectively recognized by distinct autophagy receptors, which resulted in differential effects on cell viability. The liquid-like mHTT-polyQ43 condensates were recognized by SQSTM1/p62 but failed to proceed through autophagy thereby facilitating cytotoxicity. In contrast, mHTT-polyQ103 aggregates were selectively recognized by optineurin, which led to autophagic degradation and prolonged cell survival. Therefore, our results suggest that different therapeutic strategies should be considered for the HD patients with different polyQ lengths.
Transient Anterior Subcapsular Vacuolar Lens Opacities After Tanito Microhook Trabeculotomy: Report of Six Cases
Authors: Shimizu Hiroshi , Tanito Masaki 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To present six cases exhibiting transient anterior subcapsular vacuolar lens opacities following early postoperative Tanito microhook trabeculotomy (TMH) performed by the same surgeon.
METHODS: Six patients who underwent lens-sparing TMH at Meizankai Shimizu Eye Clinic from November 2021 to May 2023, and developed anterior subcapsular vacuolar lens opacities postoperatively were reviewed. Detailed records of surgeries, clinical findings, and outcomes were collected and reported.
RESULTS: In all six cases, anterior vacuolar subcapsular lens opacities were observed on the day after surgery, gradually decreasing without affecting visual acuity or contrast sensitivity. In all cases, without any specific interventions, the opacities disappeared by 21 months postoperatively.
CONCLUSION: Anterior subcapsular cataracts, characterized by a vacuolar appearance and transient existence, should be recognized as an early complication of ab interno glaucoma surgery, possibly linked to excessive anterior chamber irrigation leading to traumatic cataracts on the lens surface.
Analyzing Urban Space Resilience: Human Mobility Pulses in Auckland's Urban Hotspots through the lens of COVID-19
Authors: Chuang I-Ting , Chen Qing Qing 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected people's daily lives since its outbreak, which has taken the discussion about urban resilience to new heights. Locational data streaming provides opportunities to explore how individuals utilize different urban spaces while their daily routines are disrupted. In this paper, we built on the radical transformation of social behaviours imposed by the government's emergency policies to explore the impacts and recovery of the visiting patterns in urban hotspots under one of the most stringent settings in Auckland, New Zealand. The ‘urban hotspots’ here refer to vibrant urban places that attract both dense (high frequency) and diverse (visitors from different places) visitors. To quantify the impacts, we utilised mobile location data, which consists of 85.53 million data points collected from about 3 million users during 2020. Then, we analysed the signs of returning human activities in urban hotspots before and after the two most stringent COVID-19 lockdowns and evaluated the variation of visiting patterns bi-weekly. Our findings suggest that in addition to essential services (supermarkets and medical institutions), urban parks are notably resilient urban spaces providing significant support for people. This result provides empirical evidence of the added value of urban parks within the urban resilience framework, highlighting the novelty of our methodology that, without presumption, identifies the most resilient urban space as urban green. This also informs planning and rethinking of urban structural strategies as part of the city's recovery from crises and disasters.
Dynamic Changes in Extracellular Vesicle-Associated miRNAs Elicited by Ultrasound in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients
Authors: Tran Florian , Scharmacher Alena , Baran Nathan , Mishra Neha , Wozny Marek , Chavez Samuel Pineda , Bhardwaj Archana , Hinz Sophia , Juzenas Simonas , Bernardes Joana P. , Sievers Laura Katharina , Lessing Matthias , Aden Konrad , Lassen Arne , Bergfeld Arne , Weber Hauke Jann , Neas Lennart , Vetrano Stefania , Schreiber Stefan , Rosenstiel Philip 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background and Aims
Blood-based biomarkers that reliably indicate disease activity in the intestinal tract are an important unmet need in the management of patients with IBD. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-derived membranous microparticles, which reflect the cellular and functional state of their site of site of origin. As ultrasound waves may lead to molecular shifts of EV contents, we hypothesized that application of ultrasound waves on inflamed intestinal tissue in IBD may amplify the inflammation-specific molecular shifts in EVs like altered EV-miRNA expression, which in turn can be detected in the peripheral blood.
Methods
26 patients with IBD were included in the prospective clinical study. Serum samples were collected before and 30 minutes after diagnostic transabdominal ultrasound. Differential miRNA expression was analyzed by sequencing. Candidate inducible EV-miRNAs were functionally assessed in vitro by transfection of miRNA mimics and qPCR of predicted target genes.
Results
Serum EV-miRNA concentration at baseline correlated with disease severity, as determined by clinical activity scores and sonographic findings. Three miRNAs (miR-942-5p, mir-5588, mir-3195) were significantly induced by sonography. Among the significantly regulated EV-miRNAs, miR-942-5p was strongly induced in higher grade intestinal inflammation and correlated with clinical activity in Crohn’s disease. Prediction of target regulation and transfection of miRNA mimics inferred a role of this EV-miRNA in regulating barrier function in inflammation. Induction of mir-5588 and mir-3195 did not correlate with inflammation grade.
Conclusions
This proof-of-concept trial highlights the principle of induced molecular shifts in EVs from inflamed tissue through transabdominal ultrasound. These inducible EVs and their molecular cargo like miRNA could become novel biomarkers for intestinal inflammation in IBD.
Comparative Performance of Different Glucometers for Random Glucose Measurements in Diabetic Patients
Authors: Cosmas Febronia Nyamwiza , Mbugi Erasto Vitus 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background: Proper management of diabetic patients is dependent on accuracy in patient self-monitoring of blood glucose levels at home and during health care visits are key. Several glucometers are currently available in the market with variability in technical and clinical accuracies. The aimed at assessing the performance of various glucometers and their reliability as tools worth relying upon for patient blood sugar management.
Methods:This cross-sectional study involved 125 aged 39-59 years old (47% males, 55.2% females) diabetic patients recruited from November 2022 to January 2023 at Muhimbili National Hospital Emergency Medicine Department. Patients’ demographic and other relevant information were recorded using questionnaires along with glucometer readings and the laboratory values of glucose. Bland Altman graphs, ISO 15197:2013, Consensus Grid Reference, were used to assess the technical and clinical accuracies.
Results: An estimate of 62.4% of participants did not have glucometers at home. The results als showed five glucometers namely, Accu Chek, Gluco Plus, Gluco navii, One Touch Plus and Care sense, to have relatively stable mean glucose levels between glucometers and known laboratory glucose readings. There was likelihood for Care sense not meeting the ISO 15179:2013 criteria while both Accu Chek and Care sense glucometers had higher CV values of 77% and 56.5%, respectively.
Conclusions: This study highlights the variability in readings among glucometers with GlucoPlus, Gluco navii and One Touch Plus showing a degree of reliability for patients self-monitoring of random blood glucose levels. Thus regular evaluation of glucometers remains key for their accuracy and patient management.
Multi-centric validation of Truenat MTB Rif Dx for Diagnosis of Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis
Authors: Singh Urvashi B. , Singh Manjula , Rodrigues Camilla , Christopher D J , Mahajan Neeraj , Srivas Abhinav , Singh Kh Jitenkumar , Kanswal Sunita , Rao M. V. V. , kazi Mubin , Sawant Damini , Thangakunam Balamugesh , Vijay Coelho Victor , Shankar Deepa , Bhatnagar Anuj , Mohan Anant , Ahuja Vineet 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Extra-pulmonary TB (EPTB) is difficult to diagnose due to paucibacillary nature of disease. Current study evaluated accuracy of Truenat MTB-Rif Dx (TN), for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and resistance to rifampicin. Samples were collected from 2103 treatment naive adults with presumptive EPTB, and tested by smear microscopy, liquid culture (LC) (MGIT-960) and GeneXpert MTB/RIF (GX) (Microbiological Reference Standards, MRS). TN results were compared to MRS and Composite Reference Standards (CRS, Microbiology, histopathology, radiology, clinical features prompting decision to treat, response to treatment). TN and GX results were further compared to Clinical Reference Standards (CRS). CRS grouped patients into 551 confirmed, 1096 unconfirmed, and 409 as unlikely TB. TN sensitivity and specificity was 73.7% and 90.4% against GX. Against LC, TN sensitivity and specificity was 62.3% and 84.9%; highest sensitivity (89%) in pus samples and specificity (92%) in CSF was similar to GX. TN sensitivity was better in fluid and biopsy samples, slightly inferior for lymph node aspirates. TN sensitivity for RIF resistance detection was slightly superior to GX. TN detected 169 TB patients initiated on treatment, which were missed by GX. The study establishes TN at par with GX and can be utilized for quick and accurate diagnosis of EPTB.
Targeting ZAKα Interactions and Ribosomes with Novel peptides: The role of ZAKα in Mitochondrial Function and Cancer Cell Proliferation
Authors: Yang Jaw-Ji , Hsu Ying-Chang , Yeh Yang-Shan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Phage display was used to identify high-affinity and high-specificity peptides that might inhibit ZAKα, a kinase implicated in cellular proliferation, differentiation, and stress response and implicated in both malignant tumor growth and metastasis as well as the pathogenesis of cardiac hypertrophy and fibrotic heart disease. Two peptides were found to specifically bind to ZAKα, PhD30 and PhD35. Their introduction into cancer cells led to the dissociation of ZAKα from RPS20 and the ubiquitination of RPS20 protein resulting in a reduction of essential mitochondria proteins and mitochondria activity impeding the translation of mitochondrial-associated eukaryotic ribosomes, a process we believe to be crucial for tumor growth. This mechanism of action suggests that the primary effect of PhD30 and PhD35 is to lower mitochondrial activity by causing a shortage of essential proteins in mitochondria without changing the number of apoptotic and necrotic cancer cells. Thus, these findings may prove pivotal to the development of a novel approach utilizing these peptides to inhibit cancer cell growth by targeting mitochondrial function, rather than the conventional method of inducing apoptosis.
Bedside Teaching – Insights Into the Medical Student Experience and Likely Impact on Future Role as Clinical Teacher
Authors: Uhomoibhi Catherine , Kearns Angela 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Medical students and doctors are rarely taught how to be educators but are expected to perform the role of clinical teacher once qualified (Cheesman, 2009). Evidence suggests that clinical teaching has declined in recent years for a variety of reasons (Alpert, 2009), while clear benefits exist when it is done well, particularly concerning history-taking and communication skills. Qureshi (2014) suggests that development of teaching skills should be incorporated into the undergraduate medical curriculum, while Charnell et al (2018) advocate providing training after graduation and as an integrated part of an induction programme. No such strategies currently exist for our graduates, and there is a lack of opinion regarding their expectations and ability to deliver bedside teaching.
Methods
This qualitative study sought to explore the varied experiences of doctors with regards to bedside teaching, and the influence such encounters may have on their future potential role as educator. In-depth interviews were conducted with fourteen final year medical students to gain a detailed understanding. An interpretative phenomenological approach was used for data analysis to organise the data into themes and sub-themes.
Results
Medical students identified a range of affirmative and challenging aspects regarding their undergraduate experiences. All recognized important practices necessary to meet individual learning needs and highlighted the positive impact such experiences would have on their future role as educators. Students preferred receiving constructive feedback as opposed to positive or no feedback at all, and all acknowledged a sense of responsibility towards being a future educator.
Conclusion
The findings of this study suggest that while medical students recognise the role of doctors as clinical educators and strive to fulfil this responsibility based on their own undergraduate experiences, training in the art of clinical teaching would be of benefit to all.
Is a definitive trial of Take-Home Naloxone in emergency settings indicated? Results of a cluster randomised feasibility study
Authors: Snooks Helen A , Jones Jenna K , Bell Fiona B , Benger Jonathon R , Black Sarah L , Dixon Simon , Edwards Adrian , Emery Helena , Evans Bridie A , Fuller Gordon W , Goodacre Steve , Hoskins Rebecca , John Ann , MClinRes Sasha Johnston , Jones Matthew B , Moore Chris R , Parab Rakshita , Pilbery Richard , Sampson Fiona C , Watkins Alan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Opioids kill more people than any other class of drug. Naloxone is an opioid antagonist which can be distributed in kits for peer administration. We aimed to determine feasibility of undertaking a definitive randomised controlled trial (RCT) of Take-home Naloxone (THN) in emergency settings.
Methods
Using individual-level-routine health records (2015-21) we tested feasibility of developing a discriminant function to identify people at high-risk of fatal opioid poisoning for outcome comparisons.
We undertook a clustered RCT on paired UK Emergency Department (ED) and ambulance service sites. At intervention sites, we recruited practitioners to administer THN to patients presenting with opioid overdose or related condition during ta 1year recruitment period, 2019 – 21.
We assessed feasibility of intervention and trial methods against predetermined progression criteria.
Results
Within routine health records on the population of Wales (~3,200,000), we identified 1,105 adult deaths from opioid poisoning, of whom 307 (27.8%) had no ED or drugs service contacts in the year before death. At a predicted probability threshold of 0.0003, a discriminant function based on demographics and recent healthcare contacts identified 809 opioid related deaths within 1 year (sensitivity 74.7%) in 989,151 people, missing 274 cases. Lowering the threshold to 0.0002 increased sensitivity to 86.1% but included a further 608,191 non-cases; raising it to 0.0004 reduced sensitivity to 65.4% and inclusion of non-cases to 646,750.
At two intervention sites, randomly selected from 4: 299/687 (43.5%) clinical staff were trained; 60/277 eligible patients (21.7%) were supplied with a THN kit and no adverse events were reported.
Conclusion
With a low incidence of opioid-related death and significant proportion with no contact with ED or drug services in the year before death, the numbers needed to reach a reasonable sensitivity was very high. This study did not meet progression criteria, a fully powered trial is not planned.
Trial Registration
ISRCTN13232859 (Registered 16/02/2018)
Single-cell genotyping and transcriptomic profiling in focal cortical dysplasia
Authors: Baulac Stephanie , Baldassari Sara , Klingler Esther , Teijeiro Lucia Gomez , Doladilhe Marion , Raoux Corentin , Roig-Puiggros Sergi , Bizzotto Sara , Sami Lina , Ribierre Theo , Aronica Eleonora , Adle-Biassette Homa , Chipaux Mathilde , Jabaudon Denis 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Focal cortical dysplasia type II (FCDII) is a cortical malformation causing refractory epilepsy. FCDII arises from developmental somatic mutations in mTOR pathway genes, leading to focal cortical dyslamination and abnormal cytomegalic cells. Which cell types carry pathogenic mutations and how they affect cell-type-specific transcriptional programs remains unknown. To address this question, here we combined single-nucleus genotyping and transcriptomics in morphologically-identified cells using surgical cortical samples from genetically-characterized FCDII patients. Mutations were predominantly detected in glutamatergic neurons and astrocytes and only a small fraction of mutated cells exhibited cytomegalic features, revealing incomplete penetrance of FCDII-causing mutations. Moreover, we identified cell-type-specific transcriptional dysregulations in both mutated and non-mutated FCDII cells, including synapse and neurodevelopment-related pathways, that may account for epilepsy, and dysregulation of mitochondrial metabolism pathways in cytomegalic cells. Together, these findings reveal cell-autonomous and non-cell-autonomous mechanisms at play in FCDII, towards the development of precision therapies for this disorder.