bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficiency assessment of hydrothermally synthesized Mn2+/3+ modified LaCoO3 nanoparticles for advanced wastewater remediation
Authors: Sahadevan Jhelai , Suresh Sudhi , Kavu Kulathuraan , Periyasamy Velusamy , Sankaran Esakki Muthu , Kim Ikhyun , Hasan Imran , Paramasivam Sivaprakash 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The use of light and a particular material known as a photocatalyst to degrade hazardous dyes in wastewater is an exciting new development in the field of photocatalytic dye degradation. In this study we investigated the characteristic properties and photocatalytic dye degradation of manganese doped lanthanum cobalt (LaCoO3 (LCO)) nanoparticles (NPs). The NPs were synthesised using hydrothermal synthesis techniques and analysed its properties by utilising diverse technologies such as XRD, FeSEM with EDAX, Raman Spectroscopy, Photoluminescence spectroscopy and UV-DRS. From XRD analysis we found that the Mn doped LCO NPs have single phase rhombohedral crystal structures with R

3
‾

$\bar{3}$

c space group and doping cause expansion of lattice. Surface morphology of the synthesised NPs was found to be altered from spherical to spine/rod like microstructure when Mn is incorporated to LCO lattice. PL spectroscopies show broad photoemission at 360–490 nm after absorbing 310 nm light. From the UV–Vis spectroscopy the optical bandgap of the materials around 4.5 eV, indicating they can absorb visible light effectively. LCO can absorb both UV and visible light, expanding its potential for outdoor applications under natural sunlight. Doping LCO with other elements can modify its bandgap and improve its activity towards specific dyes. LCO exhibits good chemical and thermal stability, making it reusable for multiple cycles. While LCO shows promise as a visible light photocatalyst for dye degradation, its efficiency can vary significantly depending on the specific conditions. We tested Congo Red (CR) dye with prepared photocatalyst to study how well they breakdown in visible light. Studies have reported degradation rates for different dyes ranging from 50 to 90 % within an hour under optimized conditions. The LCMO nanoparticles exhibited noteworthy photocatalytic activity, as evidenced by a degradation efficiency of 77 % within a 30 min timeframe. Our findings indicate that LCMO nanoparticles possess significant potential for environmental clean-up.
Ensuring Legal Certainty for Customary Law Communities in Indonesia: Analyzing the Ratification Process of the Customary Law Communities Bill
Authors: Zainurohmah Zainurohmah , Mahmudi Salim Noer , Alfarisi Jihan 
Published: March 2024

This study examines the pursuit of legal certainty for customary law communities in Indonesia through analyzing the ratification process of the Customary Law Communities Bill. Customary law communities, integral to Indonesia's cultural fabric, have long grappled with ambiguous legal recognition, leading to vulnerability and uncertainty. By scrutinizing the journey of the Customary Law Communities Bill towards enactment, this research aims to elucidate the prospects of establishing a robust legal framework safeguarding the rights and interests of these communities. Drawing from legislative documents, legal debates, and stakeholder insights, the study assesses the bill's opportunities and challenges. Additionally, the research delves into the implications of legal certainty for customary law communities, exploring its potential impact on autonomy, cultural heritage, and socio-economic development. Through case studies and empirical evidence, the study illuminates the practical ramifications of the bill's provisions across Indonesia. This study contributes to discussions on legal pluralism, indigenous rights, and community empowerment in Indonesia. By advocating for the recognition and protection of customary law communities within the legal framework, it seeks to foster inclusive governance and cultural diversity. Ultimately, it underscores the significance of ensuring legal certainty as a cornerstone of justice and equality for all communities, irrespective of their cultural or legal traditions.
The revival of comparative economic systems research
Authors: Csaba László 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis essay offers an overview of the state and perspectives of comparative economics in Europe. The starting point is the publication of the collected works of Mario Nuti, but the overview covers several Handbooks and collections as well as individual contributions. The big picture of the post-transition period highlights the relevance of “old” comparative economics, especially when interpreting illiberal practices in the post-communist Europe and the debate on the nature and limitations of the Chinese market socialism.
Additively manufactured 3D short carbon fiber scaffold for thermoset composites
Authors: Zhang Chunyan , Fu Kelvin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractShort-fiber-reinforced polymer composites offer advantages, like flexibility in complex geometries and cost-effectiveness, but typically exhibit lower mechanical properties because of the random orientation of short fibers. In this work, a novel process utilizing shear force to create 3D scaffold with customized fiber alignment for the manufacturing of short carbon fibers (SCF)-reinforced thermoset composites has been presented. The Computed tomography test confirmed the alignment of the SCF along printing directions. The results demonstrate that the aligned SCF-reinforced epoxy composites exhibited a 190% improvement in tensile strength and 388% improvement in tensile modulus compared to neat epoxy.
Graphical abstract
Rab35 Is Required for Embryonic Development and Kidney and Ureter Homeostasis through Regulation of Epithelial Cell Junctions
Authors: Clearman Kelsey R. , Timpratoom Napassawon , Patel Dharti , Rains Addison B. , Haycraft Courtney J. , Croyle Mandy J. , Reiter Jeremy F. , Yoder Bradley K. 
Published: March 2024

Key Points

Loss of Rab35 leads to nonobstructive hydronephrosis because of loss of ureter epithelium.Rab35 regulates kidney and ureter epithelial cell adhesion and polarity.Rab35 is required for embryonic development.

Background
Rab35 is a member of a GTPase family of endocytic trafficking proteins. Studies in cell lines have indicated that Rab35 participates in cell adhesion, polarity, cytokinesis, and primary cilia length and composition. In addition, sea urchin Rab35 regulates actin organization and is required for gastrulation. In mice, loss of Rab35 in the central nervous system disrupts hippocampal development and neuronal organization. Outside of the central nervous system, the functions of mammalian Rab35 in vivo are unknown.

Methods
We generated and analyzed the consequences of both congenital and conditional null Rab35 mutations in mice. Using a LacZ reporter allele, we assessed Rab35 expression during development and postnatally. We assessed Rab35 loss in the kidney and ureter using histology, immunofluorescence microscopy, and western blotting.

Results
Congenital Rab35 loss of function caused embryonic lethality: homozygous mutants arrested at E7.5 with cardiac edema. Conditional loss of Rab35, either during gestation or postnatally, caused hydronephrosis. The kidney and ureter phenotype were associated with disrupted actin cytoskeletal architecture, altered Arf6 epithelial polarity, reduced adherens junctions, loss of tight junction formation, defects in epithelial growth factor receptor expression and localization, disrupted cell differentiation, and shortened primary cilia.

Conclusions
Rab35 may be essential for mammalian development and the maintenance of kidney and ureter architecture. Loss of Rab35 leads to nonobstructive hydronephrosis, making the Rab35 mutant mouse a novel mammalian model to study mechanisms underlying this disease.
Electrical status epilepticus “invisible” to surface EEG in late‐onset Rasmussen encephalitis
Authors: Fattouch Jinane , Di Bonaventura Carlo , Di Gennaro Giancarlo , Quarato Pier Paolo , Petrucci Simona , Manfredi Mario , Prencipe Massimilano , Esposito Vincenzo , Giallonardo Anna Teresa 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
Rasmussen's encephalitis (RE) is a chronic, progressive disease that typically occurs in childhood, rarely in adulthood. When it does occur in adulthood, it may be associated with atypical electro‐clinical features, and neuroimaging alterations usually help diagnosis. Unlike childhood forms, in which epilepsia partialis continua is usually observed, the EEG pattern in adult variants may be aspecific. We describe a highly interesting case of late‐onset RE in which an electrical status epilepticus was not detected by the surface EEG, but by a recording with subdural electrodes.
Clinical, semiological, electroencephalographic, and neuropsychological features of “pure” neocortical temporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Maizuliana Hana , Usui Naotaka , Terada Kiyohito , Kondo Akihiko , Inoue Yushi 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Aims
: We examined the clinical, semiological, scalp EEG, and neuropsychological features of patients with “pure” neocortical temporal lobe epilepsy (NTLE) who were successfully treated by neocortical temporal resection sparing the mesial temporal structures.

Methods
: This retrospective study included 17 patients with lesional NTLE who satisfied the following criteria: presence of a discrete structural lesion in the lateral temporal lobe on preoperative MRI; lateral temporal resection sparing the mesial temporal structures; follow‐up for at least two years after surgery; and favourable postoperative seizure outcome (Engel Class I). The study included 10 females and seven males, and the age at surgery ranged from 15 to 48 years (mean: 30.7 years). Auras, video‐recorded seizure semiology, interictal and ictal EEG, and pre‐ and post‐operative neuropsychological data were reviewed. Twenty patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) with hippocampal sclerosis, who had a favourable postoperative seizure outcome (Engel Class I), were selected as a control group.

Results
: Age at seizure onset was significantly greater in patients with NTLE than in controls. A history of febrile convulsion was significantly less frequent in NTLE patients. Epigastric ascending sensation (6%
versus
40%;
p
=0.017), oral automatisms (29%
versus
80%;
p
=0.003), gestural automatisms (47%
versus
80%;
p
=0.047), and dystonic posturing (0%
versus
40%;
p
=0.003) were significantly less frequent in NTLE than controls. Ictal unitemporal rhythmic theta activity was also significantly less frequent in NTLE than controls (35.3%
versus
75%;
p
=0.015). Preoperative IQ score (range: 68 to 114; mean: 88.9) and preoperative memory quotient score (range: 56–122; mean: 98.1) were significantly higher in NTLE (
p
=0.003 and
p
=0.048, respectively).

Conclusion
: There were notable differences in clinical, semiological, EEG, and neuropsychological features between “pure” NTLE and MTLE. These findings may be useful to identify the epileptogenic zone.
Startle response: epileptic or non‐epileptic? The case for “flash” SMA reflex seizures
Authors: Cokar Özlem , Gelisse Philippe , Livet Marie‐Odile , Bureau Michelle , Habib Michel , Genton Pierre 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
A 19‐year‐old woman complained of long‐standing, frequent, debilatating brusque movements triggered by unexpected stimuli. She was neurologically normal and neuroimaging was also normal. Conspicuous startle reactions were easily reproduced under EEG and video monitoring: the interictal EEG was normal, the ictal recordings doubtful; clinically, the startle reaction was asymmetric, with elevation of the left limbs. The diagnosis of hyperekplexia and startle epilepsy were discussed. We learned that she had been evaluated at age 3‐4 months for spontaneous, generalised tonic‐clonic seizures and “infantile spasms”, in fact for early‐onset startle reactions triggered by noise or contact, in association with prominent EEG changes. A full remission had been achieved under ACTH therapy, but the startle reactions had reappeared at around age six. The patient was successfully treated with carbamazepine. The history, clinical and neurophysiological data led us to discuss the diagnosis of hyperekplexia and startle epilepsy. We concluded that the patient had an unusual form of cryptogenic focal epilepsy originating from the supplementary motor area, presenting as strictly stimulus‐triggered “flash” seizures.
Epilepsy and neuroprotection: an illustrated review
Authors: Arzimanoglou Alexis , Hirsch Edouard , Nehlig Astrid , Castelnau Pierre , Gressens Pierre , de Vasconcelos Anne Pereira 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
Multiple types of insults, such as status epilepticus, hypoxia and trauma, may alter the central nervous system. Strategies to protect the brain against insults remain a very difficult and challenging problem. Damage to the central nervous system can be modulated via excessive excitatory and reduced inhibitory neurotransmission. In addition, increased sodium and calcium loading through impaired voltage‐sensitive channels, as well as alterations in the acid‐base balance can contribute to both excitotoxic and apoptotic cell death.
Epilepsy treatment has always been related to neuroprotection, since it aims to reduce the duration or totally suppress seizures. Although the debate on the capacity of simple seizures to induce neuronal injury is still ongoing, no doubt persists on the disastrous effects of prolonged episodes of status. The next step would be to prevent epilepsy.
Several animal models have been used to study the various aspects of the epileptogenic process. In humans, one of the most compelling examples of a series of epileptogenic events is temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Temporal lobe epilepsy is often attributed to prolonged febrile convulsions in childhood resulting in mesial temporal sclerosis. However, the relationship between TLE, seizures in childhood and hippocampal sclerosis may not be apparent as initially believed. Furthermore, it is well recognized that in a number of patients there is a delay from a specific insult to the onset of seizures. This “latent period” could be an opportunity for effective intervention, provided that the underlying mechanisms are understood and that appropriate means for a beneficial modification of the disease process become available.
The present review discusses the various steps of temporal lobe epilepsy and provides illustrations of the various mechanisms implicated in neuronal death. Data from animal models is also presented and illustrated with video sequences. Finally, on the basis of what is known on mechanisms of action of available antiepileptic drugs, some suggestions are put forward.
Basic science and research are guided by clinical queries and from ongoing dialogue. The present illustrated review deals with only a small part of the important amount of work related to epilepsy and neuroprotection. As such it is necessarily schematic or even simplistic. The review is designed to inform clinicians about the basic issues related to the subject, thus allowing them to follow the ongoing debate and participate with pertinent questions. (Published with video sequences).
Recent developments in treatment of status epilepticus: A review
Authors: Rosenow Felix , Arzimanoglou Alexis , Baulac Michel 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
Considering that status epilepticus (SE) is a medical emergency associated with significant morbidity and mortality, there are surprisingly few evidence‐based data to guide management decisions. The purpose of this review is to give an overview of the incidence and classification of SE and to summarise the recent developments in the treatment of generalized tonic clonic status epilepticus (GTCSE). These consist in two prospective randomised studies indicating that SE should be treated as soon as possible, even out‐of‐hospital, by intravenous (IV) benzodiazepine [1, 2]. Lorazepam is probably the best choice for the initial therapy. However, the differences in efficacy as compared to diazepam [1, 3], diazepam associated to phenytoin or phenobarbital [2] were not significant. There is no Class I evidence to help us choose which drug to give in SE that is not responsive to the initial lorazepam. Traditionally, based on a long clinical experience, IV phenytoin is given as the second drug. Recently, phenytoin is being increasingly substituted by fosphenytoin, even though no formal, comparative tolerability studies have been performed to study this compound in GTCSE. Starting in the 1980's, the use of injectable valproic acid (IV VPA) has been reported in an increasing number of uncontrolled case series initiated by doctors, indicating relative easy use, relative good tolerability and suggesting that it may be efficacious. Finally, we have very little data concerning the treatment of SE refractory to a benzodiazepine and phenytoin. Despite this lack of data many centres today use midazolam or propofol rather than phenobarbital or pentobarbital in this setting because these compounds have short half‐lives and are, therefore, easier to handle.
Pilomotor seizures and status in non‐paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis
Authors: Wieser Stephan , Kelemen Anna , Barsi Peter , Vincent Angela , Borbely Csaba , Rasonyi Gyorgy , Mueller Susanne , Hess Klaus , Wieser Heinz Gregor , Halasz Peter 
Published: March 2024

Background and aims
To describe an unusual clinical presentation of a patient with voltage‐gated potassium channel Ab‐ positive, nonparaneoplastic limbic encephalitis.

Methods

We performed video‐EEG monitoring, structural MRI,
18
F‐FDG‐PET,
1
H‐MRS, neuropsychological testing and antibody serology.

Results
A 42‐year‐old male patient presented in an acute phase of non‐paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis confirmed by MRI, with antibodies to voltage‐gated potassium channels. His pilomotor status was pharmacoresistant to antiepileptic drugs, but responded to corticosteroid and azathioprine treatment. The MRI findings improved. The pilomotor seizures recurred when the immunosuppressive therapy was discontinued after 18 months. MRI at that time was consistent with hippocampal sclerosis. Complete seizure control was achieved after reintroduction of steroids.

Conclusion
Pilomotor seizures were the predominant seizure type in this case of non‐paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis. Immunosuppressive therapy may provide recovery including seizure control. However, long‐term immunosuppression may be necessary to prevent relapse. Hippocampal sclerosis and chronic epilepsy might evolve as sequelae of limbic encephalitis.
Evaluation of Antimicrobial Effects of Some Plant Species Growing in Turkiye: Verbascum lydium Boiss. var. lydium Boiss., Euphorbia anacampseros Boiss. var. tmolea M.S. Khan., Rosa pisiformis subsp. pisiformis (Christ) D. Sosn., Stachys tmolea Boiss. subsp. tmolea and Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliott
Authors: Bilgi Çiğdem , Demiray Hatice , Kaplan Engin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria has emerged as a critical global public health issue, necessitating the exploration of alternative measures to combat infectious diseases. Traditional medicinal plants have been long recognized for their potential in providing natural compounds with antimicrobial properties for various therapeutic purposes. The diverse plant biodiversity in Turkey offers a promising potential for the discovery of novel antimicrobial compounds. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial activities of methanolic extracts from several endemic and non-endemic plant species against various microorganisms. The endemic species included Verbascum lydium Boiss. var. lydium (stem), Euphorbia anacampseros var. tmolea Boiss. (root), Stachys tmolea subsp. tmolea Boiss. (leaves and stem), Rosa pisiformis subsp. pisiformis (fruit, petiole, root, leaves), while non-endemic species were represented by cultivated Aronia melanocarpa (fruit). In this research, the effectiveness of V. lydium, E. anacampseras, R. pisiformis (all tested parts) and A. melanocarpa (fruits) were demonstrated against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Methanolic extracts of the roots and leaves of R. pisiformis showed the most promising bioactivity with a MIC value of 62.5 µg mL-1 on Pseudomonas aeruginosa among all tested extracts. In addition, the results showed that antimicrobial bioactivities were observed for Candida parapsilosis, C. glabrata and Klebsiella pneumoniae for V. lydium; S. tmolea and R. pisiformis with MIC values of 31.5 µg mL-1 per each. The findings of this study could provide valuable information for future research into the use of Turkish plants for pharmacological purposes, public health and traditional medicine applications.
MCQs for PGs in Prosthodontics
Authors: Bhat Vinaya , Balaji S Sriram 
Published: March 2024

Medical Science has always looked up to minute details in what it has to offer to the students and professionals. Multiple Choice Questions are exactly aimed at achieving this goal. This book is unique in the sense, it is written with the postgraduates of Prosthodontics in mind. However, it will also come handy for undergraduate students preparing for Common Entrance Tests. The second edition of the book consists of a vast collection of nearly 3000 questions prepared directly from most popular recent books and manuals used in the field of Prosthodontics and Oral Implantology. For easy and quick reference, the questions have been grouped under seven sections namely, Fixed Partial Denture Prosthodontics, Removable Partial Denture Prosthodontics, Complete Denture Prosthodontics, Oral Implantology, Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, TMJ & Occlusion and General Topics including questions on full mouth rehabilitation and precision attachments. A list of references is included in the end, to further expand the knowledge of the reader.
Comparative analysis of direct laryngoscopy and video laryngoscopy performance by medical students in simulated airway management scenarios
Authors: Abna P K  , Muhamed Luqman , Parapurath Devdas 
Published: March 2024

This study aims to compare the effectiveness of video laryngoscopes and Macintosh laryngoscopes for intubation by novices in a mannequin model.This study was conducted at our institution- Karuna Medical College, Hospital. A total of 50 house surgeons were included in this study. All 50 participants intubated on the airway trainer using a video laryngoscope and a conventional method using a Macintosh laryngoscope. Group A: Video laryngoscopy, Group B: Conventional Laryngoscopy. The following parameters such as – time taken to visualize vocal cords, time taken to intubate, POGO scoring, ease of intubation, etc. were recorded.Video laryngoscope performed better in terms of time-related metrics, glottis visibility, and injury prevention to lip and teeth. Both devices had a similar ease of intubation and number of attempts. The results provide evidence supporting the advantages of the video laryngoscope in certain aspects of intubation procedures. The video laryngoscope had several benefits over the Macintosh laryngoscope, such as top quality visualization of airway structures and an easier intubation process for novices. The video laryngoscope provides superior visualization of the larynx, requires fewer external adjustments, and reduces the number of intubation attempts compared to direct laryngoscopy using a Macintosh blade.