bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Renal Transplantation in Rare Monogenic Urinary Stone Disease – A Single-center Experience
Authors: Shanmugam Sabarinath , Prasad Narayan , Bhadauria Dharmendra , Kaul Anupma , Patel Manas Ranjan , Behera Manas Ranjan , Kushwaha Ravi Shankar , Yachha Monika 
Published: March 2024

Introduction:
Monogenic urinary stone disease (MUSD) tends to be more severe with early onset of symptoms and a higher risk of chronic kidney disease than sporadic USD. The literature on the outcome after renal transplant in patients with certain MUSD is scarce.

Materials and Methods:
This is a retrospective single-center observational study conducted in a tertiary care renal transplant unit in North India between 2018 and 2021. The renal transplant recipients who developed an end-stage renal disease (ESRD) due to renal calculus disease/nephrocalcinosis were included in the study. All the patients presented to us in an anuric state, and hence, a 24-h urine metabolic profile could not be performed. Ear, nose, and throat and ophthalmological evaluations were done to rule out extrarenal manifestations. These patients were subjected to genetic analysis, i.e., clinical exome sequencing using next-generation sequencing.

Results:
Out of 283 live renal transplants, 11 patients developed ESRD due to nephrocalcinosis/renal calculus disease. Out of 11, only 4 had genetic mutations and the rest did not have any identifiable genetic mutations. The gene mutations were identified in ADCY10, CLDN16, CaSR, and SLC3A4. The patient with ADCY10 mutation had a strong family history. The clinical phenotype and in silico parameters analysis predicted the variant to be damaging except the one with CaSR mutation which causes Hypocalciuric hypercalcemia syndrome, type 1. Three of four underwent surgical intervention at younger age. All underwent successful live-related renal transplantation, with good graft function on follow-up, without any recurrence of calculus in the allograft.

Conclusion:
Renal transplantation can be safely proceeded in patients with the above monogenic mutations. Genetic analysis should be a part of pretransplant evaluation in young onset nephrolithiasis and end-stage kidney disease patients to look for a monogenic cause, to assess the risk of recurrence postrenal transplant.
Physical Activity Promotion in Schools Using Theoretically Designed Mobile Phone Application
Authors: Ramezankhani Ali , Sadeghi Samira , Ghaffari Mohtasham , Namdari Mahshid 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background:
Regular physical activity for adolescents has many health benefits, many of which also affect adulthood. Physical activity is a behavior that requires planning and choosing an appropriate educational method, model, or theory. However, mobile phone applications are known as a suitable method to increase physical activity according to the guidelines. This study aims to increase physical activity in female students based on the theory of planned behavior using mobile phone applications.

Methods:
This quasi-experimental study was implemented on 220 high school students (110 people in each group). The samples were selected by a multi-stage cluster method and their information was collected by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) questionnaire whose validity and reliability were confirmed. The intervention group received 8 sessions of education through a mobile phone application that was designed by the constructs of the theory of planned behavior. The samples were evaluated in three stages, through a pre-test, post-test, and two-month follow-up.

Results:
The results showed a significant difference in the post-test and two months after the intervention between intervention and control groups in terms of attitude, perceived behavioral control, intention, and physical activity. There was a significant difference between intervention and control groups in subjective norms in the post-test, but there was no significant difference in the two-month follow-up compared to the post-test (P = 0.08).

Conclusions:
An educational intervention based on the theory of planned behavior using mobile phone applications led to an increase in the physical activity of girl high school students. However, to determine the full effectiveness of this study, it is recommended to implement this intervention in all schools.
Prediction of Reproductive Outcomes of Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection Cycles Using a Multivariate Scoring System
Authors: Abden Ahmed Abuelsoud , Kamel Momen Ahmed , Fetih Ahmed Nabil , Yousef Ali Haroun 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Prediction of in vitro fertilisation (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) success is crucial in counselling patients about their real chance of getting a live birth before commencing treatment. A multivariate scoring system proposed by Younis et al., 2010, was amongst the predictive models used to evaluate IVF/ICSI success. The score entitles basal endocrine, clinical and sonographic parameters.

Aims:
The objective of this study is to assess the predictability of the Younis multivariate score for pregnancy outcomes in ICSI cycles.

Settings and Design:
This prospective observational cohort study (NCT03846388) included patients who pursued IVF or ICSI in a tertiary infertility unit between February 2019 and December 2021.

Materials and Methods:
The score variables were age, body mass index, antral follicle count, basal follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), basal FSH/luteinising hormone ratio, infertility duration, number of previous cancellations and mean ovarian volume. For each woman included in the study, Younis multivariate score was calculated. Then, we correlate the different reproductive outcomes with score levels to validate the score predictability. A score of ≤14 was defined as a low score based on the previous study’s results.

Statistical Analysis Used:
The student’s t-test and Mann–Whitney test were used to compare numerical variables, whereas categorical variables were analysed using the Chi-square test. A receiver operating curve (ROC) and a multivariate logistic regression model were used to investigate the predictability of the Younis scoring model for cycle outcomes.

Results:
Two hundred ninety-two ICSI-ET cycles were analysed. Of the total cohort, 143 (48.97%) women included showed a low score (≤14), whereas 149 (51.03%) women showed a high score (>14). Women with low scores had significantly higher pregnancy and live birth rates compared to women with high scores (60.1% vs. 7.4%, respectively, P < 0.001; 44.7% vs. 6.7%, respectively, P < 0.001). The area under the curve (AUC) in the ROC curve analysis showed a higher predictability for the scoring system for live birth rate with an AUC of 0.796, with a sensitivity of 86.5% and specificity of 63.8% when using a cut-off level of ≤14. For pregnancy prediction, the AUC was 0.829, with a sensitivity of 88.66% and a specificity of 70.77% when using the same cut-off. Women who have a low score have a high chance of having frozen embryos. Likewise, women who have a high score have a very high chance of cycle cancellation.

Conclusions:
The Younis multivariate score can be used for the prediction of ICSI cycle outcomes and to calculate the chance of cycle cancellation, pregnancy and take-home baby before ICSI.
Incidence of Yq Microdeletion among Chattishgarh Population and Cast based distribution
Authors: Sinha Manisha B , Dada Rima , Patel Suprava , Mohapatra Eli , Bagde NilajKumar , Sinha Human Prasad , Gupta Sonam 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background:
Millions of individuals in their reproductive years are affected by infertility on a global scale, potentially exerting a significant influence on their lives and family dynamics. The coexistence of abnormal seminogram and Yq microdeletion synergistically affects infertility. Therefore, the study was designed to determine the frequency of distribution of Yq microdeletion in abnormal semen parametric infertility cases.

Methodology:
Seventy-five cases of infertility and 78 controls with known fertility were enrolled for the cross-sectional study. In the collected blood sample, DNA was isolated and a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) mix for various markers was prepared. After running in a thermocycler, PCR products were analyzed by gel electrophoresis.

Results:
The distribution of deletion among different subtypes: azoospermic, severe oligozoospermic, oligozoospermic, and normozoospermic cases was 35%, 33%, 35%, and 33%, respectively. The most common deletion type in the Chhattisgarh population was azoospermia factor c. Caste-based distribution among the study group was quite uniform.

Conclusion:
Y chromosome microdeletion would be an essential test after seminogram in cases of male infertility, especially to prevent the transmission or inheritance of infertility to offspring. Due to the high frequency of microdeletions, it is a very useful test to identify male infertility in Chhattisgarh.
Atlas Morphometry: A Radiologic- Anatomical Study
Authors: Jyothi S. R. , Kumar Joish Upendra , Patil Preetam , Vinay S. R. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Atlas is an atypical cervical vertebra with unique anatomy and related to many vital structures. Any surgical intervention at this level, especially transpedicular and transarticular screw placement, requires in detail assessment of the structure of the atlas. Certain measurements considered surgically important were measured on computerized tomography (CT) scans and compared with corresponding measurements on dry bones.

Methodology:
The study was carried out in KVG Medical College and Hospital, Sullia, including 100 CT scans of 43 females and 57 males with a mean age of 31.4 years and 40 dried atlas vertebrae available in the Department of Anatomy. Lengths and widths of superior and inferior articular facets were measured on both CT scans and dry bones and compared. Length, width, and heights of lateral masses, along with height below the posterior arch (HBPA), maximum medialization and cranialization angles were assessed on CT scans. The mean, standard deviation, and significance of differences were calculated using an independent t-test.

Results:
Mean value and standard deviation were calculated for the measured parameters. Superior and inferior facet measurements were compared between CT scan images and dry bones and no significant difference was found.

Conclusion:
Morphometric measurements of atlas on CT images are useful for planning of screw fixation surgeries, particularly to avoid injury to vital structures. Values of measurements, especially maximum medialization angle, maximum cranialization angle, and HBPA, are in agreement with other studies and are proposed to be included as part of preoperative workup.
Morphological and Morphometric Study of Greater Palatine Foramen in Dry Skulls of Eastern Indian Population
Authors: Paramita Mukhopadhyay , Das Sarbani , Sharmistha Biswas , Parijat Mukherjee , Abhijit Bhakta 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background:
Greater palatine foramen (GPF) transmits important neurovascular structures which may get injured during different operative procedures such as intraoral maxillary nerve block, cleft palate repair, and operative procedures involving maxillary sinus and maxillary molars. Hence, proper knowledge about the GPF is very essential. The aim of this study was to study the shape of GPF and its location in relation to molar tooth, measure the diameters of GPF, and measure the distances of GPF from different landmarks of palate.

Methodology:
A dry bone-based study was conducted on dry human skulls of Eastern Indian population using digital Vernier caliper. At first location of GPF in relation to maxillary molars was noted, followed by anteroposterior (AP) and transverse diameter of GPF and distance of GPF from incisive fossa, posterior border of hard palate (PBHP) and interpalatine suture was measured.

Results:
In 69.64% of cases, GPF was present medial to the maxillary molar tooth and most common shape is oval type which is found in 44.64% of cases. AP diameter was almost same in both the sides which is 5.13 mm in average and transverse diameter is 2.91 mm. The mean distance of GPF from incisive fossa, PBHP, and interpalatine suture (IPS) is as follows in sequence, 37.24 mm, 3.21 mm, and 13.68 mm.

Conclusion:
The findings from the present study can be used as a guide for locating GPF during different operative procedures such as palatal reconstruction in cleft palate, maxillary surgeries, and intraoral maxillary nerve block. GPF is located about 3 mm in front of PBHP, most commonly medial to the third maxillary molar, about 15 mm lateral to IPS in the present study among Eastern Indian population.
A Practical Screening Combination for the Discrimination of Alzheimer’s Type Memory Impairment Continuum: The 5-word Test and Magnetic Resonance Imaging-visual Rating Scale
Authors: Yildirim Zerrin , Akalin-Akkas Ece , Ay Ulas , Eyigürbüz Tugba , Kale Nilüfer 
Published: March 2024

Introduction:
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a continuum with four clinical stages: asymptomatic, subjective cognitive impairment (SCI), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and AD dementia (ADD). Identification of the predementia stages had become particularly essential after the recent approval of three anti-amyloid-β monoclonal antibodies. This study aimed to evaluate their contribution to the diagnosis of AD by using two practical instruments: The 5-word test (5WT) and medial temporal atrophy (MTA) scoring together.

Materials and Methods:
Twenty six ADD, 29 MCI, and 25 SCI patients matched for age, sex, and education were included. The Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination-Revised version, which includes the Mini-Mental Status Examination, and 5WT were applied. MTA is scored on coronal T1 magnetic resonance images, between 0 and 4 (0: Severe atrophy, 4: No atrophy). A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to test the success of the MTA score, screening tests, and scores formed from various combinations of these two in classifying the groups.

Results:
MTA + 5WT had the highest area under curve (AUC) differentiating SCI versus MCI with a sensitivity of 0.80 and a specificity of 0.83, and differentiating SCI versus ADD with a sensitivity and specificity of 1.0. For differentiating MCI versus ADD, MTA + 5WT had a very good performance with an AUC of 0.93, a specificity of 0.96, and a moderate sensitivity of 0.76.

Conclusion:
Combining 5WT for memory test with MTA for atrophy rating becomes a perfect method in a clinical setting for evaluating patients with memory complaints and thus carefully selecting the candidates for advanced biological diagnosis.
Comparison of focal loss volume, global loss volume, retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, and corneal epithelial thickness in eyes with glaucoma and suspicious optic discs
Authors: Ibrahim Hani M. G. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract:

PURPOSE:
The purpose of this study was to study the role of the focal loss volume (FLV), global loss volume (GLV), and other spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) parameters in early diagnosis of glaucomatous damage.

METHODS:
A retrospective study included records of 34 eyes with early glaucoma (Group A) and 17 eyes with suspicious optic discs (Group B). Retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), ganglion cell complex (GCC), and corneal thickness parameters were assessed by the SD OCT (RTVue SD-OCT). These included the FLV, GLV, in addition to RNFL thickness, cup/disc ratio, GCC thickness, and anterior segment OCT for assessment of central corneal thickness and central corneal epithelial thickness. Data from both groups were subjected to statistical analysis.

RESULTS:
The FLV and GLV had the highest areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve in Group A eyes. FLV had higher (97.2%) specificity and was the earliest parameter to be affected by glaucomatous damage, followed by GLV. Moreover, Group A eyes had significant thinning of the RNFL (91.59 μm) compared to Group B (118.18 μm), and GCC thickness was also significantly thinner in Group A (92.07 μm) than in Group B (110.54 μm). Interestingly, Group A eyes had thinner corneal epithelium (nonsignificant) than Group B.

CONCLUSION:
FLV and GLV were of the greatest value in the assessment of early glaucomatous GCC degeneration.
Peripapillary pachychoroid syndrome successfully treated with topical prednisolone acetate 1% drops
Authors: Azizalrahman Lojain A. , Almousa Abdullah N. , Al Adel Fadwa , AlBloushi Abdulrahman F. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract:
Peripapillary pachychoroid syndrome (PPS) is a rare disease characterized by choroidal thickening around the optic disc. Visual acuity might be impaired secondary to the associated peripapillary intraretinal and/or subretinal fluids. We reported a case of a 70-year-old male patient who presented with a gradual bilateral decrease in vision. His best-corrected visual acuity was 20/60 in the right eye and 20/25 in the left eye. Dilated fundus examination showed yellowish peripapillary lesions and intraretinal fluid (IRF) surrounding the optic disc in both eyes. Optical coherence tomography showed that the outer retinal layers were disrupted, and IRF affected the nasal macula. A bilateral increase in the thickness of the choroid around the optic discs was found. The patient was successfully treated with a tapering dose of topical prednisolone acetate (1%). Three months after treatment, his vision improved to 20/25 in the right eye and 20/20 in the left eye. Topical steroid drops might be administered to treat PPS.
Analysis of Unique Disability Identification Card (UDID) Associated Visual Handicap Certificates at a Tertiary Care Center in Northern Maharashtra
Authors: Patil Dharmendra D. , Pal Soham S. 
Published: March 2024

Purpose:
To analyze blindness certificates to find causes of visual impairment, low vision, and blindness in a tertiary care hospital in northern Maharashtra.

Methods:
A retrospective study of all visually impaired patients applying for disability certification between January and June 2023 (6 months period) was performed from the medical record. The demographics, aetiologies, grades and classification of visual impairment according to the new guidelines provided in the Gazette of India published in 2018 of the study subjects were analyzed. Results were compared with data from studies on blindness certificates and population-based studies.

Results:
A total of 771 patients were included in the study. The mean age was 39.42 ± 19 years (range: 1–85 years). Most patients were in the 41–64 years age group (40.98%). Males were involved more commonly (67.70%). According to the grade and percentage of disability, grade II (30%) was most commonly seen in 35.02% of individuals followed by low vision, grade III a–III e, (40%–80%) seen in 27.37% individuals. Blindness, grade IV a–IV b (90%–100%) was seen in 33.46% individuals. Overall, the most common cause of visual impairment among one-eyed, low-vision and blind individuals was phthisis bulbi/hereditary globe condition/coloboma. Among one.eyed and minimal disability individuals, rest common causes included amblyopia, squint and contracted socket post-evisceration. In patients with low vision and blindness, other common causes included retinitis pigmentosa, optic atrophy and pathological myopia.

Conclusion:
Analysis of blindness certificates provides valuable information regarding different causes of visual disability and provides an insight into the overall trends in visual disability profile and help in rehabilitation.
Evaluation of Retinal Nerve Fibre Layer in Diabetic Patients as an Early Manifestation of Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Balakrishnan Narayanan , Babu C Arvind , Chilukuri Sanjana 
Published: March 2024

Purpose:
To evaluate retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) in diabetic patients as an early manifestation of diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Method:
This comparative study was conducted on 30 diabetic patients who were had no signs of DR, and in the control group comprising 30 healthy non-diabetic patients selected as sample size. Demographic data including their age, duration of diabetes, drugs used for treatment, hypertension and previous ocular surgery were noted. Complete ophthalmological examination was performed, including slit-lamp biomicroscopy, refraction, intraocular pressure measurement, dilated fundus examination, fundus fluorescein angiography for patients with non-proliferative DR and optical coherence tomography imaging using Heidelberg Spectralis.

Results:
The RNFL thicknesses in each of the quadrants were analysed and then a comparison was done in case and control groups. Also, RNFL thickness among all study participants with HbA1c levels was investigated. The mean RNFL thickness in the superior.inferior nasal and temporal quadrants were 119.2, 120.1, 80.6 and 63.2, respectively. The mean thickness was noted in each group in each of the quadrants and was found to be lesser than the control population of diabetics.

Conclusion:
The imaging of RNFL may be an important tool in assessing diabetes.related changes early and should be made part of diabetic screening.
Correlation of Central Corneal Thickness with Refractive Error, Corneal Curvature, and Axial Length: An Observational Study
Authors: Navyasree Chinthala , Satapathy Jasmita 
Published: March 2024

Background:
Various demographic and ocular factors influence central corneal thickness (CCT). Studies on the relationships between these parameters have shown conflicting results. We aim to investigate the correlation of CCT with different types of refractive error, axial length (AL), and corneal curvature.

Materials and Methods:
An observational study was undertaken in the Department of Ophthalmology, recruiting patients from 18 to 40 years of age with myopia (−0.5 D to −6 D) or hypermetropia (≤ +3 D) or emmetropia (−0.25 D to +0.25 D). All participants underwent comprehensive ophthalmic examination, including refraction, slit lamp examination and fundoscopy, followed by CCT, corneal curvature, and AL measurement.

Result:
A total of 1224 eyes of 612 patients (260 males and 352 females) were enrolled in the study. Out of them, 31.5% (n = 386) had emmetropia, 28.6% (n = 350) had hypermetropia, and 39.9% (n = 488) had myopia. The mean (±standard deviation [SD]) keratometry (K), CCT and AL were found to be 44.08 (±1.55) D, 528.46 (±29.78) μm, and 22.75 (±1.21) mm, respectively. With increasing age, CCT was found to be decreased (P < 0.001). Compared to myopia, a significantly higher CCT was noted in hypermetropia (P < 0.001). There was a negative correlation between CCT and corneal curvature among the entire study population, irrespective of their refractive status (P < 0.001). This correlation was more significant among emmetropes and hypermetropes as compared to myopes. However, we found no correlation between CCT and AL in any groups.

Conclusion:
CCT is found to be thicker in hypermetropia and thinner in myopia as compared to emmetropia. With increasing age, the cornea tends to become steeper and thinner.