bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic diversity of Lophodermium piceae in South Finland
Authors: Müller M. M. , Valjakka R. , Hantula J. 
Published: October 2007

Summary Lophodermium piceae, the dominant needle endophyte of Norway spruce (Picea abies), is known to be extremely diverse. This work aimed to test the possible occurrence of cryptic species within the morphological species L. piceae. Genetic variation in 36 South Finnish L. piceae isolates originating from six localities was investigated by comparing DNA sequences of three genetic markers. One of the markers was the internal transcribed sequence (ITS) of the ribosomal DNA and the other two (LP1 and LP2) were based on sequence characterized amplified regions designed for L. piceae. The LP2 marker could be detected only from isolates of L. piceae but not from 20 other ascomycete species tested. This sequence, therefore, is considered as a species‐specific marker for L. piceae. For comparison, ITS sequences of isolates representing two other Lophodermium species, L. pinastri and L. seditiosum, were also investigated. In a neighbor‐joining analysis of ITS sequences all L. piceae isolates fell into one cluster, which was clearly separate from those of L. pinastri and L. seditiosum. Dendrograms of the three markers were incongruent indicating that the L. piceae population examined consisted of a single phylogenetic species. No geographical differentiation was observed. Our results confirm that L. piceae is a genetically highly diverse endophytic species.
Genetic variation in Heterobasidion abietinum populations detected with the M13 minisatellite marker
Authors: Zamponi L. , Paffetti D. , Tegli S. , ŁAkomy P. , Capretti P. 
Published: October 2007

SummaryAmplification profiles of the M13 minisatellite core sequence from 47 isolates of Heterobasidion annosum s.l., collected mostly from Abies alba in different European countries, were analysed in comparison with profiles of four isolates of H. annosum s.s. and three isolates of H. parviporum. Genetic variation within and among groups of populations was studied by analysis of molecular variance. A dendrogram constructed with the Neighbor‐Joining method differentiated the three species from each other. Isolates of H. abietinum from Balkan peninsula, Italian peninsula and French Pyrenees each separated into clusters according to geographical origin. Such clear geographic clustering was not detected among isolates from central Europe. The variations between H. abietinum isolates in relation to the migration history of Abies are discussed.
Study of Induced Systemic Resistance in Cicer arietinum L. due to Nonpathogenic Fusarium oxysporum Using a Modified Split Root Technique
Authors: Kaur R. , Singh Rama S. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThree nonpathogenic fungal isolates of Fusarium oxysporum, Fo52 from India and Fo47 and Fo47b10 from France, were evaluated for the induction of systemic resistance in host plants against a highly pathogenic strain of F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceri causing wilt of chickpea (Cicer arietinum). Two bioassays – a modified split‐root system and whole‐plant method – were conducted separately, in which the pathogen and three nonpathogenic Fusarium isolates were not in direct contact. All the three nonpathogenic isolates induced systemic resistance in chickpea, which was evident from the significantly reduced wilt incidence after 30–60 days of pathogen inoculations. Isolate Fo52 which was a local isolate from India and Fo47 from France were equally effective in controlling wilt incidence and can be used as biocontrol agents against chickpea wilt.
Application of the Glutaraldehyde Test in Cattle
Authors: Metzner M. , Horber J. , Rademacher G. , Klee W. 
Published: October 2007

SummaryIn a cohort study involving 62 cows from an experimental farm, the kinetics of the glutaraldehyde test (GAT) according to Sandholm (1974) was examined by testing samples of EDTA blood, lithium heparinate blood, serum, and plasma taken at various intervals. Total protein was measured in serum, and fibrinogen was determined in plasma. Gamma globulin was measured by electrophoresis. All glutaraldehyde tests were performed in duplicates, and the relation of the two results was used as measurement of precision. Optimal cut‐off of the GAT time was determined as the zenith of the sum of sensitivity and specificity of various intervals for detecting combinations of gamma globulin and fibrinogen levels above 32 g/l. Precision was the best in EDTA blood. The relation between coagulation time and gamma globulin plus fibrinogen is best described by an exponential curve. The maximum value for the sum of sensitivity and specificity was found at 7 and 8 min. Seven days was the shortest interval observed between a negative test result (>15 min) and a strongly positive test result (<3 min). Twenty‐one days was the shortest interval observed between a strongly positive test result and a negative test result. EDTA blood should be used for the GAT. A cut‐off of 8 min yields the highest efficiency. Test results must be viewed in light of clinical findings.
Evaluation of Serum Osteocalcin and CTX‐I in Ardenner Horses with Special Reference to Juvenile Interphalangeal Joint Disease
Authors: Pastoret V. , Carstanjen B. , Lejeune J.‐P. , Farnir F. , Remy B. , Reginster J.‐Y. , Serteyn D. , Gabriel A. 
Published: October 2007

SummaryThe first aim of this study was to establish a profile of age‐related normal serum concentrations of osteocalcin (OC) in Ardenner horses. For this first part, blood samples from 49 healthy Ardenner horses were collected. The second aim was to study two biochemical markers of bone metabolism, OC and a carboxy‐terminal cross‐linking telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX‐I), in 30 young Ardenner horses during 1 year. Amongst them, 17 showed lesions of juvenile degenerative joint disease in the distal forelimbs. A specific radioimmunoassay for equine OC was used to measure the serum concentration of the marker. The serum concentration of CTX‐I was measured using a commercially available human assay validated for use in the horse. The effect of age, sex, season and health status (with or without lesions) was assessed. Levels of OC fall between birth and the adult stage: this decrease being most marked between birth and 1 year of age. This age‐related decrease of OC was confirmed in the 30 young Ardenner horses, but CTX‐I levels remained constant in this group. The Levels of the two markers changed significantly with the season with higher concentrations during the winter. No significant difference was shown either between the two sexes or between the two health statuses.
Melanosis in a Holstein Heifer
Authors: Oruç E. 
Published: October 2007

SummaryA case of Melanosis in a Holstein heifer is described in this report. Many of the visceral organs, diaphragm and skeletal muscles have got dark‐brown to black and diffuse pigmentation in different diameters on their surfaces and cuts. Microscopically, brown to black coloured pigment containing cells were detected in the heart, lung, liver, spleen and muscle tissues. After depigmentation process, it was seen that the normal histological structure of the organ disappeared in these pigmented region. There were large, vesicular and macrophage‐like cells with small nuclei. In immunohistochemical staining, HMB45 was strongly positive in many tissues.
Minipigs and Potbellied Pigs as Pets in the Veterinary Practice – A Retrospective Study
Authors: Sipos W. , Schmoll F. , Stumpf I. 
Published: October 2007

SummaryMinipigs have become popular pets in recent years. Therefore, an increasing number of veterinarians are being challenged by specific problems of these animals. This retrospective study gives an overview on the diagnoses and therapeutic interventions of the patients submitted to the clinic for swine at the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna during the last 6 years (n = 48). Most frequently, colic symptoms of the gastro‐intestinal tract (n = 12) and orthopaedic locomotion disorders (n = 10), mainly due to accidents or long claws, could be observed, followed by urogenital tract and skin disorders (n = 4 each). Therapeutic interventions are discussed with regard to medical aspects as well as statutory provisions.
Partial Antagonization of Midazolam‐Medetomidine‐Ketamine in Cats – Atipamezole versus combined Atipamezole and Flumazenil
Authors: Ebner J. , Wehr U. , Baumgartner C. , Erhardt W. , Henke J. 
Published: October 2007

SummaryTwo different methods, administered both subcutaneously and intravenously, to reverse intramuscular midazolam‐medetomidine‐ketamine, are evaluated. Eighteen cats were anaesthetized twice each 5 min after premedication with atropine 0.04 mg/kg using midazolam 0.5 mg/kg, medetomidine 0.02 mg/kg and ketamine 2.0 mg/kg intramuscularly in one syringe. Because this study was conducted in co‐operation with a dental prophylaxis project, cats had to be immobilized for approximately 1 h. Therefore, anaesthesia was prolonged with propofol to effect, if necessary. After 68 ± 11 min on average, immobilization was partially reversed by either atipamezole 0.05 mg/kg subcutaneously (group A/SC,n = 7) or intravenously (group A/IV,n = 10), or by atipamezole 0.05 mg/kg and flumazenil 0.05 mg/kg subcutaneously (group AF/SC,n = 10) or intravenously (group AF/IV,n = 9), respectively. These four groups were additionally compared with a non‐reversed group. Recovery time and total time of immobilization (until cats regained a standing position) were not significantly shortened using the antagonists. However, unconsciousness and sedation (expressed through parameters like the time taken to head lifting, crawling, sitting and the return of righting reflex) were significantly shortened by the antagonists, especially if administered intravenously. Abnormal behaviour, such as vocalization, licking, hyperaesthesia, restlessness or salivation, was observed in all groups. However, excitation and hyperaesthesia were not observed in group AF/IV, whereas in this group only intensified salivation occurred. The addition of flumazenil showed no significant difference to atipamezole alone, but subcutaneous administration of atipamezole alone was not sufficient in the dosage used to show an advantage compared to non‐reversed cats.
Use of Quantitative Analysis as a Method for Differentiation between Canine Cutaneous Apocrine Adenomas and Apocrine Carcinomas on Cytological Smears
Authors: Simeonov R. S. , Simeonova G. P. 
Published: October 2007

SummaryEight canine cutaneous adenomas and eight canine cutaneous carcinomas were analysed by computer‐assisted nuclear morphometry in Hemacolor‐stained cytological specimens. In each case, the nuclei of at least 100 neoplastic cells were measured, and the mean nuclear area (MNA), mean nuclear perimeter (MNP), mean nuclear diameter (MND) and nuclear roundness (NR) were calculated. The results indicated an increase in the mean values of investigated parameters from canine cutaneous apocrine adenomas (MNA, 75.65 ± 2.22; MNP, 31.05 ± 0.55; MND, 9.62 ± 0.14; NR, 1.10 ± 0.009) to canine cutaneous apocrine carcinomas (MNA, 88.78 ± 11.29; MNP, 34.38 ± 2.43; MND, 10.43 ± 0.76; NR, 1.21 ± 0.07). The statistical analysis revealed statistically significant differences between benign and malignant neoplastic cells (P < 0.01). The statistical differences between investigated parameters (P < 0.01) were also found between the metastasizing apocrine carcinomas and all other examined carcinomas. The results indicated that the computerized morphometry could be used as an effective auxiliary tool for differential diagnosis between canine cutaneous adenomas and carcinomas on cytological smears.
Evaluation of Haematological, Biochemical and Histopathological Parameters of Transgenic Rabbits
Authors: Jurcik R. , Suvegova K. , Hanusova E. , Massanyi P. , Ryban L. , Chrenek P. 
Published: October 2007

SummaryThe aim of our study was to compare the hFVIII mRNA expression in different organs, pathological changes and selected haematological and biochemical blood parameters between transgenic and non‐transgenic rabbits from F3 generation. Selected physiological parameters of 3‐ to 4‐month‐old transgenic rabbits from F3 generation carrying human factor VIII gene (hFVIII) were analysed and compared with those of non‐transgenic ones. Before slaughtering, the blood for haematological and biochemical analysis was taken from the central ear artery. Pathological and histological examination of vital organs and RT‐PCR analysis of several tissue organs of transgenic and non‐transgenic animals were performed after slaughtering. Except for the mammary gland tissue, slight hfVIII mRNA expression in the spleen, lung and brain and none expression in the liver, kidney, skeletal muscle and heart of rabbits were recorded. pathological examination of vital organs showed some pathological changes in both transgenic and non‐transgenic rabbits which were confirmed by histological qualitative evaluations. Statistically significant lower values of blood haemoglobin in blood of transgenic (11.86 ± 0.86) animals compared with non‐transgenic (12.41 ± 1.02, P < 0.05) ones and lower parameters of HCT (39.22 ± 2.44 versus 40.89 ± 2.26, P < 0.01) in blood of transgenic rabbits were observed. Parameters of WBC, RBC and PLT showed no significant differences between the analysed groups. All biochemical serum parameters of transgenic rabbits were higher in comparison with non‐transgenic ones. Significant differences were found in the concentration of the urea, AST and GMT between transgenic and non‐transgenic animals (P < 0.001) and in the total protein content, the difference was significant at P < 0.05. In conclusion, our results showed that no considerable impact on the general health was found in transgenic rabbits.
Polymorphic Microsatellite Markers for Genetic Analysis of Collagen Genes in Suspected Collagenopathies in Dogs
Authors: Temwichitr J. , Hazewinkel H. A. W. , Van Hagen M. A. , Leegwater P. A. J. 
Published: October 2007

SummaryDefects in collagen proteins cause a variety of disorders in humans. It can be expected that collagen gene mutations are involved in collagenopathies in dogs. The collagen genes COL3A1, COL5A1, COL5A2, COL6A1, COL6A3, COL9A1, COL9A2, COL9A3, COL10A1 and COL11A1 were identified on the canine genome based on the homology with the human genes. Simple sequence repeats (microsatellites) were found in the chromosomal regions of these genes and investigated for polymorphism in Labrador Retrievers, Bernese Mountain dogs, Boxer dogs and German Shepherd dogs by PCR and subsequent detection of the DNA products. Nine informative microsatellite markers were identified. The markers closely situated to COL9A1, COL9A2 and COL9A3 were used to investigate the involvement of the genes in cranial cruciate ligament rupture in Boxer dogs. It was found that these genes are probably not involved in this abnormality. The markers described here will be useful for a candidate gene approach of suspected collagenopathies specific to dog breeds.
Normal Values and Incidence of Cardiorespiratory Complications in Dogs During General Anaesthesia. A Review of 1281 Cases
Authors: Redondo J. I. , Rubio M. , Soler G. , Serra I. , Soler C. , Gómez‐Villamandos R. J. 
Published: October 2007

SummaryThis paper describes the cardiorespiratory variables and the incidence of anaesthetic complications in dogs. For this, a retrospective study of 1281 anaesthesias was performed. Heart rate (HR), non‐invasive mean arterial (MAP), systolic (SP) and diastolic pressures (DP), invasive mean arterial (IMAP), systolic (ISP) and diastolic pressures (IDP), central venous pressure (CVP), respiratory rate (RR), tidal volume (VT), minute volume (VM), end‐tidal CO2(EtCO2), arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2), temperature (T) and death are reported. Data were described both globally and separately for each ASA (American Society of Anaesthesiologists classification) status. Ananovaand a Tukey’s test were used for comparing the different ASA status’ values (α = 0.05). During anaesthetic maintenance, the mean ± SD of the studied variables were: HR: 91 ± 27 bpm. MAP: 86 ± 24 mmHg. IMAP: 80 ± 22 mmHg. SP: 114 ± 25 mmHg. ISP: 109 ± 26 mmHg. DP: 67 ± 23 mmHg. IDP: 66 ± 22 mmHg. CVP: 5 ±3 mmHg. RR: 19 ± 11 rpm. VT: 14 ± 7 ml/kg. VM: 191 ± 93 ml/kg/min. EtCO2: 40 ± 8 mmHg. T: 37.1 ± 1.7°C. ASA III and ASA IV patients, compared with those with ASA I, showed higher values of HR, RR, VTand VMand lower in IMAP, CVP, EtCO2, SpO2and T. The most frequent complications were bradycardia (36.3% of the patients), hypotension (37.9%), hypoventilation (63.4%), hypoxia (16.4%), hypothermia (4.8%) and death (0.9%). Cardiorespiratory complications frequently occur in dogs during general anaesthesia.
Ultrasonographic Characteristics of Abdominal and Thoracic Abscesses in Cattle and Buffaloes
Authors: Mohamed T. , Oikawa S. 
Published: October 2007

SummarySix cows and five buffaloes with abdominal and thoracic abscesses were examined clinically and ultrasonographically. There was a wide range of clinical signs and at least 50% of the animals exhibited dull demeanour, anorexia, abdominal pain, recurrent tympany and/or weight loss. Three cases of abdominal abscesses were imaged in the left ventral abdomen between the rumen and abdominal wall, two cases were imaged at the xiphoid cartilage near the reticular wall and one case was imaged on the right ventral abdomen between the jejunum and right abdominal wall. Four cases of thoracic abscesses were imaged in the third intercostal space on the left side; however, one case of abscess was imaged in the fourth intercostal space, also on the left side. The content of the abscess was echogenic in eight animals and anechoic in three. In three animals, the content of the abscess was partitioned by echogenic septae. In two cows, the echogenic content of the abscess was surrounded by a narrow rim of anechoic fluid. The diameters of the abscesses were 5–10 cm in three cows, 11–15 cm in seven cows and >15 cm in one cow. In every case, the diagnosis was confirmed by centesis and aspiration of the abscess, which yielded purulent material. There were biochemical data of hypoalbuminaemia and hyperglobulinaemia and 90% of tested animals had neutrophilia. Five cows were examined at slaughter, where the ultrasonographic diagnosis was confirmed.
Developmental Changes of Protein Profiles in the Embryonic Sanhuang Chicken Liver
Authors: Jianzhen H. , Haitian M. , Liming Y. , Sixiang Z. 
Published: October 2007

SummaryUnderstanding embryonic liver development bears the potential to provide important insights into treatments and preventative strategies for paediatric liver disease. Using Sanhuang (SH) chicken as a model system, we sought to identify the proteomic changes associated with embryonic liver development using differential display of proteins with two‐dimensional (2‐D) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization–time of flight (MALDI‐TOF) mass spectrometry analysis. Embryonic livers from 200 SH chicken embryos were isolated on days 9, 14 and 19 during incubation and also immediately after hatching. Six hundred and two protein spots were displayed on 2‐D gels stained with colloidal Coomassie brilliant blue, of which, 25 protein spots were found to have changes up to threefold in abundance during development. We identified these spots using MALDI‐TOF mass spectrometry and found 23 of 25 proteins to be associated with carbohydrate metabolism, cell division, lipid metabolism and signal transduction. Our results provide insight into the biochemical events taking place during the development of SH chicken embryonic liver and highlight the value of proteomics in characterizing complex biochemical processes. Furthermore, the proteome maps may facilitate future studies addressing the effects of genetic and environmental factors and related studies on the development and quality of chicken embryonic liver.
Determination of the Depth of Excision Using a Dermatome (Aesculap®) to Export all Hair Follicle Bulbs from a Donor Site in the Dog
Authors: Pin D. , Cachon T. , Carozzo C. 
Published: October 2007

SummaryThe aim of the study was to determine the depth of excision using a dermatome to excise all hair follicle bulbs from the donor site. Partial‐thickness skin samples of different depth, ranging from 0.4 to 1 mm, were excised using a dermatome (Aesculap®) from the dorsal aspect of the trunk of the dog. Biopsies, using a 6‐mm biopsy punch, were performed in the centre of each donor site and excised sample. They were processed routinely for histological examination and the aspect of the hair follicles was observed. Split‐thickness skin grafts of ≥0.7 mm deep performed with a dermatome contain the entire hair follicle.
Diagnostic labelling of autism spectrum disorders in NSW
Authors: Williams Katrina , Tuck Marshall , Helmer Megan , Bartak Lawrence , Mellis Craig , Peat Jennifer K ,   the Autism Spectrum Disorder Steering Group
Published: October 2007

Aim:  To describe the use of diagnostic labels by clinicians for children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and calculate the label‐specific and overall agreement between diagnostic labels and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders – Fourth Edition (DSM‐IV) diagnoses provided by the same clinician.Methods:  State‐wide active surveillance was used to ascertain children newly recognised with one or more DSM‐IV criteria for autistic disorder aged 0–15 years (incident cases) in New South Wales (NSW) between July 1999 and December 2000. Clinicians were asked to supply a diagnostic label and then complete DSM‐IV criteria for each child reported.Results:  Questionnaires with diagnostic label and DSM‐IV criteria were returned for 348 children. The agreement between labels used and diagnosis based on DSM‐IV classification system was the highest for autism (97%) and lower for labels of Asperger disorder, pervasive developmental disorder – not otherwise specified or atypical autism (27%). Kappa overall agreement was 0.31. Level of agreement between label and DSM‐IV diagnosis was similar for questionnaires completed by multidisciplinary teams, psychiatrists, paediatricians and psychologists working as part of a team.Conclusion:  A lack of agreement between the diagnostic labelling used by clinicians and diagnosis based on DSM‐IV criteria indicates a lack of consistency in diagnostic communication that is necessary to provide best clinical care, appropriate services and relevant information to parents and carers.