bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dietary Lactobacillus sp. mitigates Deltamethrin-induced toxic and immune-suppression impacts in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Khalil Wagdy K.B. , –Tawab Marwa I. Abdel , Nasraa Mohamed Hassan , Bassem Samah M. , Temraz Tarek A. , Enshasy Hesham A. El , Abdel-Gawad Fagr Kh. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Both organic and inorganic contaimanants in the aquatic environment seriously affect marine organisms, including fish. In this study we aim to isolate diatryLactobacillus sp.from both sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and sea bream (Sparus aurata) fish and evaluate their probiotic impact and ability to mitigate the toxic impact of the existing insecticide deltamethrin (DLM) residuals in fish farming water resources. Out of the 40 isolatedLactobacillus sp., 22 were gram positive, catalase-negative and non-hemolytic in the γ hemolysis reaction. One out of the above mentioned 22 isolates (denoted as SB8) were antagonistically reacted withAeromonas hydrophilic ss. hydrophila(ATCC 130 37) andPseudomonas fluorescens(ATCC13525). The probiotic candidate SB8 was resistant to acidic conditions, grow well in 0.3% bile salt and 0.4% phenol. Morover, anin-vivostudy was conducted on Nile tilapia to evaluate the impact of using the SB8 as feed supplement on haematological profile, oxidative stress enzymatic activities, protein content, micronucleus formation, and IL-1 & IL-6 expression. The obtained results indicated that 1) white blood cells (WBC), neutrophils (Neu), lymphocytes (Lum), monocytes and eosinophils (Mon and Eos, 2) malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and glutathione peroxidase (MDA, SOD, CAT and GPx, 3) Protein content (total protein, albumin (A), globulin (B) and albumin/globulin (A/G), 4) micronucleus formation, and 5) Interleukin-1 and Interleukin-6 (IL-1 and IL-6 expression in the DLM-exposed/ SB8-supplemented and in the control fish are reasonably similar in comparison with the DLM-exposed fish. In conclusion, the probiotic candidtae SB8 has a potential to mitigate the DLM-induced deleterious oxidative stress impact in Nile tilapia fish.
Lightening the Mind: Comparing Audiovisual Stimulation and Meditation for Mood and Cognition Enhancement
Authors: Johnson Micah Alan , Simonian Ninette , Reggente Nicco 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

In this randomized, controlled, and double-blind experiment with a relatively large sample (n = 262), a novel technique of audiovisual stimulation (AVS) was demonstrated to substantially improve self-reported mood states by reducing several negative affects, including anxiety and depression, and enhancing performance on mood-sensitive cognitive tasks. Most of the AVS effects were highly similar whether binaural beats were present or not and regardless of the duration of experience. Remarkably, the mood benefits from AVS closely aligned with those achieved through breath-focused meditation with additional evidence that a brief AVS exposure of approximately five minutes may be sufficient or even optimal for improving mood to a comparable or greater degree than meditation sessions of equal or longer durations (11 or 22 minutes). These exciting findings position AVS as a promising avenue for psychological enhancement and a potentially more accessible “plug-and-play” alternative to meditation, which is especially relevant considering the high attrition rates commonly observed in meditation practices.
Racial and ethnic disparities in ED use among older adults with asthma and primary care nurse practitioner work environments
Authors: Poghosyan Lusine , Liu Jianfang , Turi Eleanor , Flandrick Kathleen , Robinson Marcia , George Maureen , Martsolf Grant , Carthon J. Margo Brooks , O'Reilly-Jacob Monica 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Nurse practitioners (NPs) increasingly deliver primary care in the United States. Yet, poor working conditions strain NP care. We examined whether racial/ethnic health disparities in ED visits among older adults with asthma are moderated by primary care NP work environments.
Methods
Survey data on NP work environments in six states were collected from 1,244 NPs in 2018–2019. 2018 Medicare claims data from 46,658 patients with asthma was merged with survey data to assess the associations of all-cause and ambulatory care sensitive conditions (ACSC) ED visits with NP work environment and race/ethnicity using logistic regression.
Results
NP work environment moderated the association of race (Black patients versus White patients) with all-cause (odds ratio [OR]: 0.91; p-value = 0.045) and ACSC (OR: 0.90; p-value = 0.033) ED visits.
Conclusions
Disparities in ED visits between Black and White patients with asthma decrease when these patients receive care in care clinics with favorable NP work environments.
An Experiment of Nitrogen Removal from Leachate on Two-Stage SBBCOR
Authors: Liu Yali , Lu Tao , Liu Fang , Zhang Zhen , yan jingjing , wu fangfang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

In view of the technical limitations of nitrogen removal of leachate treatment project in a domestic waste comprehensive disposal site, a Two-Stage Sequencing Batch Biological Contact Oxidation Reactor (I/II-SBBCOR for short) was proposed, and the comparative and orthogonal experiment of the I/II-SBBCOR was carried out, in order to optimize the treatment process and operation parameters. The experiment showed that: Nitrogen removal process of I/II-SBBCOR is remarkably better than its prototype, Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT for short), Sequencing Batch Cycle (SBC for short), and Dissolved Oxygen (DO for short), are the significant factors affecting the nitrogen removal efficiency of the I/II-SBBCOR, and the significance order from highest to lowest was: HRT, SBC, DO; with HRT decreasing from 12d/6d to 2d/1d, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N for short) and total nitrogen (TN for short) present a downward trend; with SBC decreasing from 12h to 1h and DO increasing from1.0/1.5mg/L to 2.5/3.0 mg/L, the removal efficiency of NH4+-N increased, while that of TN increased first and then decreased; and the optimal combination of operating parameters of the I/II-SBBCOR are: HRT = 6d/3d, SBC = 6 h, DO = 2.0 /2.5mg/L.
Sugar transporters PpSWEET9a and PpSWEET14 synergistically mediate peach sucrose allocation from source leaves to fruit
Authors: Xi Wanpeng , Luo Min , Jia Mengxiao , Pan Lin , Chen Weifeng , Zhou Kun 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Sugar content is a critical indicator of fruit quality. Sugars will eventually be exported transporters (SWEET) proteins play an indispensable role in sugar allocation between and within plant organs. Sucrose is the major sugar and the predominant form of sugar translocated in peach. However, the role of the multiple peach SWEET genes in sucrose allocation to fruit remains elusive. In this study, a total of 19 SWEET genes were identified in the peach genome, and two Clade III SWEET genes, PpSWEET9a and PpSWEET14, were found to be highly expressed in mature source leaves and branches. Complementation assays, transgene manipulations, and protein interaction studies revealed that PpSWEET9a and PpSWEET14 served as sucrose efflux proteins and formed a heterooligomer that synergistically directed sucrose allocation from source leaves to fruits. Our findings provide insights into the effect of SWEETs on sugar accumulation in peach fruit and identify genetic candidates for improving fruit quality.
Design and Synthesis of Novel Factor XIa Inhibitors with Bicyclic Isoquinoline and Naphthalene Fragments
Authors: Zhang Yi , Dai Linjun , Tan Yi , Yu Yongpeng , Xing Junhao , Yang Feng , Ren Boquan , Xu Yan-Jun , Li Qing 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

FXIa has emerged as a promising therapeutic target for treating thrombotic diseases. With the aim to replace the aniline motif of asundexian with novel P2’ fragments, bicyclic isoquinoline and naphthalene rings were designed. The target compounds with isoquinoline ring were synthesized via 13 steps of chemical reactions. Substituents within the rings were investigated to elucidate the structural determinants governing selective or dual inhibition of FXIa and Plasma Kallikrein (PKa). In vitro testing showed that some of designed compounds exhibited comparable potency against both FXIa and PKa, while others achieved up to 94-fold selectivity. Analysis of structure-activity relationships (SARs) uncovered the pivotal role of the carboxylic acid moiety in retaining inhibition of FXIa and PKa, and the steric hindrance and hydrogen-bond receptor functional groups were identified as key factors influencing the selectivity of FXIa inhibition over PKa. The docking study additionally unveiled different binding modes that play a significant role in the observed activity and selectivity. Furthermore, the selected compounds significantly extended the plasma coagulation time in a dose-dependent manner. Altogether, the bicyclic compounds may be promising lead compounds for the development of highly effective FXIa inhibitors.
Development and implementation of a novel approach to scaling the Meeting Centre intervention for people living with dementia and their unpaid care workers in the community
Authors: STEPHENS Nathan , EVANS Shirley , RUSSELL Chris , BROOKER Dawn 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
In the UK there is a post-diagnostic support gap experienced by people affected by dementia. Effective post-diagnostic support interventions, therefore, need to be replicated at scale to meet demand. Reporting an intervention is key to this process because it can support the translation of research into routine practice. Describing the intervention is a key area of reporting recommended when developing, implementing, and evaluating complex health interventions. The objective of this study was to systematically report a novel county-wide approach for scaling the Meeting Centre intervention for people living with dementia and their unpaid carers.
Methods
An adapted version of the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) checklist was used to describe the programme. Adaptations were made to consider items specific to complex social interventions and scaling programmes. Key programme stakeholders contributed to its development.
Results
The adapted TIDieR checklist was an effective way to systematically report essential reporting criteria for the complex scaling programme. Criteria included the components and sub-components, how these were adaptatively implemented, and the modifications made because of complexity.
Discussion
Key findings suggest essential features of the intervention may not be feasible at scale; highlight the critical role of the programme leader to drive culture and systems change; and emphasise the use of scaling science frameworks to determine optimal scale.
Conclusions
This research reported the programme’s development and implementation that can aid the process of translating evidence into routine practice. Further research and theory development should include testing implementation outcomes so that we can understand if the intervention is a scalable solution to the gap in the post-diagnostic support for people affected by dementia.
Inclusion of Fibrinoid Necrosis increases the accuracy of synovial tissue assessment in predicting response to methotrexate: analysis of the UCLouvain Brussels ERA Cohort
Authors: Natalucci F. , Triaille C , Mullem C. , Sokolova T. , Sapart E. , Bellefon L. Meric , Nzeusseu A. , Galant C. , Lauwerys B. , Durez Patrick 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objective
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) often exhibits suboptimal treatment response despite early diagnosis and treatment. This study aimed to analyze Early Rheumatoid Arthritis (ERA) synovial biopsies through histology and immunohistochemistry (IHC) to identify predictive factors for treatment response to Methotrexate (MTX).
Methods
140 ERA patients from the UCLouvain Arthritis Cohort underwent synovial biopsy and were monitored after initiating Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drug (DMARD) therapy. Histological features [Synovial Hyperplasia, Fibrinoid Necrosis (FN), Hypervascularization and Inflammatory Infiltrate] and IHC (CD3, CD20, CD138, CD68) were each semi-quantitatively assessed on a 0–3 scale with 7 levels.
Results
A strong association was observed between synovial CD68 and Fibrinoid Necrosis scores [r = 0,44 (0,27 − 0,56); p < 0,0001]. CD68 correlated with C-Reactive Protein (CRP), DAS28, SDAI and CDAI. Fibrinoid Necrosis score correlated with CRP and DAS28. Patients were then categorized as CD68NecrosisHIGH (CD68 + Necrosis ≥ 3) and CD68NecrosisLOW (CD68 + Necrosis < 3). CD68NecrosisHIGH exhibited higher pre-treatment disease activity [5.48 (1.6) versus 4.8 (1.7); p = 0.03] and a greater fall in DAS28 [1.99 (2.06) versus 1.1 (2.27), p = 0.03], SDAI [21.45 (IQR 23.3) versus 11.65 (IQR 17.5); p = 0.003] and CDAI [16 [14.9] versus 10.5 (20.1), p = 0.04]. CD68NecrosisHIGH patients had a higher EULAR Moderate/Good Response rate. CD68Necrosis score was incorporated into a probability matrix model together with clinical features (SJC44 and DAS28) to predict achieving a Moderate/Good EULAR Response Criteria at 3 months with a good performance (AUC 0.724).
Conclusion
FN and CD68 + in ERA synovial biopsies identify patients with higher disease activity and predict a better treatment response at three months. A model including synovial CD68 and fibrinoid necrosis with baseline clinical features predicts EULAR response at 3 months.
Estimating the Strength of Bi-Axially Loaded Track and Channel Cold Formed Composite Column using Different AI-Based Symbolic Regression Techniques
Authors: Ebid Ahmed M. , El-Aghoury Mohamed A. , Onyelowe Kennedy C. , Ors Dina 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

In this research work, the strength of bi-axially loaded track and channel cold formed composite column has been estimated by applying three AI-based symbolic regression techniques namely “Genetic Programming (GP)”, “Evolutionary Polynomial Regression (EPR)” and “Group Method of Data Handling Neural Network (GMDH-NN)”. The collected numerically generated data entries containing global slenderness ratio (Column height / minor radius of gyration) (λ), local slenderness ratio of channel (bolts spacing S2 / channel thickness) (λc), local slenderness ratio of track (bolts spacing S1 / track thickness) (λt), relative eccentricity in the major direction (ex/D) and the relative eccentricity in the minor direction (ey/B) as the independent parameters and the normalized average normal stress at failure (Ult. load /Area) / yield stress (F/Fy) as the dependent parameter. The results of the models were validated using the R2, MAE and RMSE metrics. Both correlation and sensitivity analysis showed that the global slenderness ratio (λ) has the main influence on the strength, then the relative eccentricities (ex/D, ey/B) and finally the local slenderness ratios (λc, λt). Comparing predicted and calculated strengths showed that the three developed predictive models have the same level of accuracy (94%) with (R2 > 0.965), (MAE < 0.03) and (RMSE < 0.03).
Application of Pistachio Shell Biochar with Organic Cow Manure for Sustainable Agriculture Practice
Authors: Pradhan Snigdhendubala , Parthasarathy Prakash , Mackey Hamish R. , Al-Ansari Tareq , McKay Gordon 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Sustainable crop production supports food security by mitigating water and nutrient stress from manures by excessively drained water. Cow manure is a good nutrient resource to enhance soil fertility and plant growth but requires a suitable amender to reduce the nutrients loss by leaching. Worldwide more than 20400 metric tonnes of pistachios were consumed where roughly 30% of the weight of the nut is the shell and could be a good feedstock for biochar production. Therefore, this study aims to produce biochar from pistachio shell by pyrolysis process at three different temperatures 350 to 550°C and by the analysis of various properties towards agriculture, the biochar at 450 ˚C was amended with 0% (control), 2%, 4% and 8% to the manure for eggplant growth (Solanum melongena). Out of all fractions of biochar application, 2% biochar has virtuous performance to increase 5.63 ± 1.45 cm of plant height, 1.33 ± 4.79 cm leaf length and 1.90 ± 4.43 cm leaf width compared to the control. The leaf chlorophyl content and plant biomass were also significantly (p = 0.02) increased compared to the control condition. However, there is no statistical difference was noticed in stomatal conductance and water retention capacity (p > 0.11) due to greater plant growth. We concluded from this study, a lower fraction of biochar application with manure is beneficial to reduce nutrient leaching from the manure. Under the circular economy and frameworks of sustainability, pistachio shell biochar application as an amendment in crop production has been a high legislative focus on valorizing food waste.
Impact of solvation on the photoisomerisation dynamics of a photon-only rotary molecular motor
Authors: Filatov(Gulak) Michael , Paolino Marco , Kaliakin Danil , Olivucci Massimo , Kraka Elfi , Min Seung-Kyu 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Multiscale nonadiabatic molecular dynamics simulations of the working cycle of a 2-stroke photon-only light-driven molecular rotary motor are presented. The simulations, which produced data consistent with the available transient spectroscopy measurements, predict a considerable decrease in the isomerisation quantum yield in methanol solution with respect to the gas-phase. The origin of the decrease is traced back to the ability of the motor to establish hydrogen bonds with solvent molecules. The analysis suggests that a modified motor molecule with a reduced ability to form hydrogen bonds will display increased quantum efficiency. The results obtained in the present work help to extend the set of engineering rules for designing light-driven molecular rotary motors.
Postoperative sputum viscosity is thick in patients with malignant laryngeal tumors: Development of a risk prediction model
Authors: Wang Qing , Ma Hongli , Li Min , Ma Yanan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The global incidence of malignant laryngeal tumors is increasing each year, and the high morbidity and mortality rates of these tumors place a heavy burden on the healthcare system. Patients with malignant laryngeal tumors need long-term standardized airway management after surgery, with adequate care to ensure that the artificial airway remains unobstructed for the normal respiratory function of the body. Sputum viscosity will affect effective ventilation of the airway, affect the postoperative functional recovery of patients, reduce quality of life, and severely threaten patient health. Therefore, the present study investigated the risk factors of postoperative sputum viscosity in patients with malignant laryngeal tumors and constructed a line chart prediction model to provide theoretical guidance for clinicians.
Materials and Methods
By using the convenient sampling method, we recruited 130 patients with malignant laryngeal tumors who were hospitalized in a tertiary care hospital in Shanxi province from January 1, 2022 to January 1, 2024. According to the postoperative viscosity of the sputum, the patients were assigned to the viscous group (n = 52) and non-viscous group (n = 78). Patient-related preoperative data were collected through the electronic medical record system of the hospital. Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors for sputum viscosity after the tumor removal surgery, and the line chart prediction model was drawn with R software. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test was used to determine the goodness of fit for the model, and a receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was constructed to detect the prediction effect of the model.
Results
The incidence of viscous postoperative sputum was 40% in patients with malignant laryngeal tumors. Logistic regression analysis revealed that age, smoking, drainage tube placement, and Ca2 + levels were the risk factors for viscous postoperative sputum in patients with malignant laryngeal tumors. According to the Hosmer-Lemeshow test, the area under the ROC curve was 0.914 (95% CI: 0.749–0.991), sensitivity was 0.90, and specificity was 0.938. Furthermore, based on the 50-fold cross-validation method, the accuracy of the verification model was 0.838, and the accuracy rate was 0.891. These results suggest that the model has a relatively stable fitting effect and a high predictive value.
Conclusion
Patients with malignant laryngeal tumors have a viscous sputum. This condition has a high incidence, and the model developed in this study could predict patients early and efficiently. The present study provides a scientific basis to effectively prevent the occurrence of viscous sputum postoperation.
Post-operative Anaemia Independently Predicts Prolonged Hospital Length of Stay After Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer Surgery
Authors: Ng Aloysius , Jones Courtney , Mitteregger Volker , Hunt Nicole 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Prolonged hospital length of stay (LOS) after major surgery is associated with increased mortality rates, readmissions, and postoperative complications, adversely affecting functional recovery. To address this issue and optimize resource allocation, we conducted a retrospective cohort study focusing on elective upper gastrointestinal cancer surgeries.
Methods
Observational retrospective cohort study of all patients who underwent various upper gastrointestinal cancer procedures at a major tertiary hospital in 2021. Data were extracted from a prospective database. Pre-, intra-, and post-operative factors were collected. Patients were dichotomized into expected LOS and prolonged LOS.
Results
111 patients were analyzed. The average age was 64.0 years and 36.9% underwent a Whipple’s procedure. 23.4% of the patients had prolonged hospital LOS. Patients with longer hospital LOS had no neoadjuvant radiation therapy (84.6% vs 82.4%, p = 0.016), more readmission to the theatre (34.6% vs 7.1%, p = 0.001), more unplanned ICU admissions (15.4% vs 2.4%, p = 0.023), longer ICU admissions (76.9% vs 74.1%, p = 0.012), lower intra-op Hb (106.5 ± 17.9 vs 115.8 ± 17.0, p = 0.021), lower day 1 post-op Hb (100.1 ± 17.3 vs 111.7 ± 15.7, p = 0.002), lower 1st -week nadir Hb (89.3 ± 17.0 vs 104.9 ± 16.6, p < 0.001) and more post-op transfusion requirements (23.1% vs 5.9%, p = 0.019). Univariate analysis identified several significant predictors of prolonged hospital LOS, including unplanned ICU admission, readmission to theatre, lowest intra-op Hb, lowest day 1 post-op Hb and 1st week Hb nadir. Multivariate analysis adjusting for unplanned ICU admission (OR = 6.80, CI 1.03-45.00, p = 0.047) and readmission to theatre (OR 8.48, CI 2.40–30.00, p = 0.001) revealed that lower Hb levels (OR 0.95, CI 0.92–0.98, p = 0.002) were associated with prolonged hospital LOS.
Conclusion
Post-operative anemia, unplanned return to theatre and unplanned ICU admission are significant factors contributing to extended hospital stays. Addressing post-operative anemia may effectively reduce hospital LOS.