bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dilute Solution Properties of Monodisperse Poly(α-methyl styrene). I. Sedimentation Coefficient in Theta Solvent
Authors: Abe Mitsuo , Sakato Kuniaki , Kageyama Takashi , Fukatsu Masaaki , Kurata Michio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The sedimentation behavior of anionically polymerized poly (α-methyl styrene) has been studied as a function of molecular weight, concentration and speed of centrifugation under the theta condition of solvent and temperature, i. e., in cyclohexane at 39°C. Analysis of the data was made by use of Fujita’s equation for the pressure- and concentration-dependent sedimentation. It was found that the sedimentation coefficient at zero concentration and one atmosphere was given as s00=2.00×10−15 M1⁄2 sec, where M is molecular weight. The concentration dependence coefficient k and the pressure dependence coefficient p appearing in the Fujita equation were obtained as k=6.2×10−4 M1⁄2 dl/g, and μ=1.6×10−9 cm2/dyne, respectively. The intrinsic viscosity in the theta solvent was also determined as [η]θ=7.60×10−4 M1⁄2 dl/g.
Electronic Structures and Reactivities of Aliphatic Polycyclo Compounds. I. Fused Three-membered-ring Compounds
Authors: Yonezawa Teijiro , Simizu Kiyoshi , Kato Hiroshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The electronic structures of bicyclo(1.1.0)butane, tricyclo(3.1.0.0)hexane, tricyclo(2.1.0.0)pentane, tricyclo(1.1.0.0)butane, prismane, and spiro(2.2)pentane are studied by the extended Huckel method. The calculated total energies of bicyclo(1.1.0) butanes with various dihedral angles, θ, and bridgehead C–C–H angles, α, show that the most stable configuration of bicyclo-butane is at α=135° and θ=115–120°. It is made clear that the s-nature of the carbon atoms of the C–Haxial and C–Hequatorial depends greatly on the dihedral angle of the two cyclopropane rings. The double-bond character between the bridgehead carbon atoms in the bicyclobutane and its homologues is pointed out. The stabilities of the C–C bonds of prismane are shown to be largely dependent on the angle between the C–H bond and the four-membered-ring plane. The electronic structures of some configurations of spiropentane with different dihedral angles are discussed. The physico-chemical properties of these compounds are briefly investigated.
Infrared Spectra and Conformations of Succinonitrile in Silver and Copper Complexes
Authors: Suzuki Masako , Shimanouchi Takehiko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Succinonitrile silver nitrate [Ag(NCCH2CH2CN)]NO3 and succinonitrile disilver nitrate [Ag(NCCH2CH2CN)Ag](NO3)2 were prepared and the infrared spectra down to 60 cm−1 were measured. It was shown that the ligand molecule takes only the trans form in these complexes. The far infrared spectra were also measured for the free succinonitrile ligand at room and liquid nitrogen temperatures and for the copper complex. The assignments of bands for the nitrate ion and the trans and the gauche forms of succinonitrile were given.
Certain Interactions between Transition Metal Ions and the NCS Group in Chromium(III) Isothiocyanato Complexes. I. Reinecke’s Salt Type Complexes Involving Cobalt(II) and Copper(II) Ions
Authors: Oki Hisaya , Kyuno Eishin , Tsuchiya Ryokichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Cobalt(II) tetraisothiocyanatochromate(III), Co[Cr(NCS)4(NH3)2]2, was prepared from cobalt(II) chloride and Reinecke’s salt in an aqueous solution. The absorption spectrum gave evidence that the so-called “cobalt-salt” dissociated into cobalt(II) cation and Reineck’s anion in aqueous solution. The reflection spectrum showed a remarkably strong absorption band at 14.08×1013 sec−1, which might be assigned to bonding between cobalt(II) and sulfur in an NCS− ligand. The three absorption peaks observed at 2158, 2095 and 2065 cm−1 in the IR spectrum due to C–N stretching vibrations also emphasized the strong interaction between cobalt and sulfur. The effective magnetic moment estimated was 4.58 B. M. at 18.3°C. The corresponding copper(II) salt, Cu(OH)[Cr(NCS)4(NH3)2], was obtained from an aqueous solution of copper(II) sulfate and Reinecke’s salt as a yellow powder. It was a sparingly soluble in water. In the reflection spectrum, the red-shifted band covered much of the first band region of Reinecke’s salt and in the IR spectrum, the C–N band had only a small splitting. The magnetic moment was found to be 3.84 B. M. at 16.0°C, which is close to the predicted value in the complex when copper is reduced, becoming univalent. X-Ray diffraction analysis also showed a relatively stronger contraction of the unit cell in the copper salt than in the cobalt salt. On the basis of the above points, it was proposed that in the copper salt there is considerable π-bonding between copper and the two adjacent isothiocyanate groups.
Studies on Some Telluro-Tungstomolybdates
Authors: Pathak Keshawa Chandra 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Ammonium telluro-tungstomolybdate 6(NH4)2O·2TeO3·WO3·10MoO3·30H2O and the corresponding salts with silver, strontium, barium, cerium, lead, iron and guanidine have been isolated, their properties studied and the composition determined by the analytical methods. IR spectra of ammonium and guanidine salts have been recorded and the characteristic peaks assigned. Thermal decomposition studies (TGA and DTA) of ammonium salt were made. Differential thermal analysis of ammonium salt was done in nitrogen atmosphere too.
The Chromium(III) Complexes with Ammoniapropionicdiacetic Acid
Authors: Uehara Akira , Kyuno Eishin , Tsuchiya Ryokichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Ammoniapropionicdiacetic acid (APDA), which belongs to a group of chelating agents similar to that of ammoniatriacetic acid, was prepared. The newly-prepared complexes containing this chelating agent were as follows: [Cr(OH)(apdaH)(H2O)2] (red purple) (I), NH4[Cr(OH)(apda)(H2O)]·2H2O (purple) (II), (NH4)3[Cr(apda)2]·2H2O (pink) (III), (Cr(apda)-(bipy)]·3H2O (brown) (IV), [Cr(apda)(o-phen)]·3H2O (brown) (V), and [Cr(apda)(py)2](pink) (VI), where apda, bipy, o-phen, and py are the abbreviations of the ammoniapropionate-diacetate ion, o-phenanthroline, 2,2′-bipyridyl, and pyridine respectively. On the basis of the chemical and thermal analyses, and on the basis of the measurements of the visible, UV, reflection and IR spectra and molar conductivities, it was concluded that the ammoniapropionatediacetate acts either as a terdentate or a quadridentate ligand in these complexes. Unlike the ATA complex, no complexes in which the nitrogen dose not coordinate with chromium could be prepared in the case of APDA. The values of the effective magnetic moments for these APDA complexes were nearly equal to the spin-only values of tervalent chromium. Further comparisons of the properties of the APDA complexes with those of the ATA complexes were also made.
Kinetics of Electron-Transfer Reactions Involving Ethylenediaminetetraacetatochromate(II) Ions as Reductants. II. Reactions with Some Acidopentaamminechromium(III) Complexes
Authors: Ogino Hiroshi , Tanaka Nobuyuki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The rate of the electron-transfer reactions between ethylenediaminetetraacetatochromate(II) and some acidopentaamminechromium(III), CrX(NH3)52+, has been measured at ionic strength 1.0 (NaClO4). The rate constants (l mol−1sec−1) for X=F−, Cl−, Br− and OH− are 2.07 at 25°C, &gt;2×103 at 25°C, 2×103 at 15°C and 2.4×102 at 25°C, respectively. These reactions produce ethylenediaminetetraacetatochromate(III) ions which do not contain an anion X. The mechanisms of these reactions are discussed.
Further Studies on Acetoxylation of Isodihydro-O-acetylisophotosantonic Lactone
Authors: Sasaki Tadashi , Eguchi Shoji 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Acetoxylation of O-acetylisophotosantonic lactone (I) and its isodihydro derivative (III) with lead tetraacetate was reinvestigated. The reaction of III in refluxing benzene afforded the known 2-acetoxy derivative (V) as the main product and α-diketone as the minor product which was isolated in its 2-keto-3-ol form (VII). The use of boron trifluoride- etherate as a catalyst in this acetoxylation, however, did not give good results. The ORD curves of dihydro-O-acetylisophotosantonic lactone (II), III, 2-bromo-isodihydro-O-acetylisophotosantonic lactone (IV), V and one of the hydrogenolysis product of I (X) were measured and some stereochemical problems of these compounds were discussed.
Ribonuclease T1 Peptides. III. Synthesis of a Protected Heptapeptide Corresponding to Sequence 24–30
Authors: Kato Tetsuo , Mitsuyasu Nobuo , Waki Michinori , Makisumi Satoru , Izumiya Nobuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A protected heptapeptide corresponding to sequence 24–30 of ribonuclease T1, namely benzyloxycarbonyl-O-benzyl-l-tyrosyl-l-glutaminyl-l-leucyl-l-histidyl-γ-t-butyl-l-glutamyl-β-t-butyl-l-aspartyl-glycine ethyl ester (XI), was synthesized by coupling of benzyloxycarbonyl-O-benzyl-l-tyrosyl-l-glutaminyl-l-leucine azide with a tetrapeptide ester, l-histidyl-γ-t-butyl-l-glutamyl-β-t-butyl-l-aspartyl-glycine ethyl ester, which is derived from Nα,Nim-dibenzyloxycarbonyl tetrapeptide ester by the catalytic hydrogenolysis. These tri- and tetrapeptide components were prepared with stepwise syntheses free from racemization.
Syntheses of Citral and Citronellal by the Dehydrogenation of Geraniol Using Cu, Cu-Zn, Cu-Cr, and ZnO Catalysts
Authors: Kogami Kunio , Kumanotani Ju 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The present paper describes the study of the syntheses of citral and citronellal by the catalytic dehydrogenation of geraniol with Cu, Cu-Zn, Cu-Cr, and ZnO catalysts under an atmospheric or a reduced pressure in vapor and liquid-phase systems. The following results were obtained: (1) the vapor-phase dehydrogenation with the Cu-Zn catalyst, conducted at a reduced pressure, was found to be most favorable, (2) when using this catalyst at 230°C, the addition of citronellal as a hydrogen acceptor prior to the dehydrogenation increased the yield of the citral from 50% to 85% (at 185°C, the highest yield of citronellal, 70%, was obtained). The composition of the product was analyzed by means of G. L. C. The reaction scheme under various conditions is also described briefly.
Solvent and Temperature Effects on the Proton hfs in the ESR Spectra of the Organic Radical
Authors: Aono Shigeyuki , Suhara Masahiko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A theoretical investigation is made into the solvent and temperature effects on the proton hfs in the ESR spectra of such organic radicals as:
(Remark: Graphics omitted.)
where X stands for the CH3 group, in several solvents. Both effects are explained on the assumption that a molecular complex is formed between radical and solvent, so that the charge-transfer occurs from radical to solvent: The solvent effect is caused by the fact that, in various solvent molecules, slight changes take place in their lowest vacant levels, which are occupied by the electron transferred from the radical; on the other hand, the temperature effect is explained by the thermal motion of the molecules, which changes the probabilities of the radical being in the solvated state and in the free state.
Kinetics of Oxidation of Pinacol by Peroxydisulphate Catalysed by Silver Ions
Authors: Menghani G D , Bakore G V 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The kinetics of the reaction between peroxydisulphate and piancol catalysed by silver ions (Ag+) has been studied. The rate of peroxydisulphate disappearance was found to be dependent (i) on [S2O82−] (ii) on (Ag+). The rate is independent of the concentration of pinacol. Effects of [H+], temperature on the rate were studied. ΔE, Pz, ΔS, ΔF, etc. were evaluated. Mechanism of oxidation of pinacol based on the formation of reactive [Ag2+] is postulated.
Synthesis of Copper(II) Complexes with Maleic Acid
Authors: Gora Kazuo , Kyuno Eishin , Tsuchiya Ryokichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Three copper(II) complexes with maleic acid, [Cu mal(H2O]) (I) (mal=C2H2(COO)2), [Cu(Hmal)2(H2O)4] (II) and [Cu2(Hmal)4]·H2mal·4EtOH (III) (EtOH=C2H5OH), were synthesized. Compound I was prepared from an aqueous solution of copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate and sodium hydrogenmaleate at room temperature as fine blue crystals. Compound II was prepared by adding little by little copper(II) hydroxide or copper(II) hydroxycarbonate to an aqueous solution of maleic acid at a temperature below 0°C in an ice-salt bath, obtaining light-blue powdered crystals. Compound III was prepared by heating a mixed alcoholic solution of maleic acid anhydride, copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate and sodium carbonate anhydride (3:1:1) in a flask with a reflux condenser for two hours. Fine bluish-green crystals were obtained. By using copper(II) hydroxide instead of copper(II) sulfate in the above preparation, a better yield can be obtained. The effective magnetic moments of I and II were 2.00 B. M. (20°C) and 1.97 B. M. (20°C), respectively, which are relatively close to the spin-only value of the divalent copper ion. On the other hand, the magnetic moment of III was subnormal, being 1.12 B. M. (18°C). The reflection spectrum of III gave a shoulder near 370 mμ, which is specific to green copper complexes. The product (IV) obtained by the thermal decomposition of I at 220°C and the product (V) obtained from II at 160°C, which are presumed to have the chemical formula [Cu-mal(H2O)0.1] and [Cu(Hmal)(mal)1⁄2], respectively, gave normal magnetic moments, 1.91 and 1.89 B. M. (20°C). However, product (VI), obtained by expelling the alcohol from III had a magnetic moment of 1.31 B. M. (17°C). Different from the corresponding copper(II) phthalate complexes, no green copper complexes having subnormal magnetic moments could be obtained through dehydration of the blue maleate complex I or the light-blue complex II having normal magnetic moments.
The Separation of the Cerium-group Rare Earth Elements by Ion Exchange using a Citrate-acetate Mixed Solution as Eluting Agent
Authors: Shibata Muraji , Tanabe Isao , Okuda Kinnosuke , Kadota Kazuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The separation of rare earth elements by ion exchange was studied. The new eluting agent consists of an aqueous solution of diammonium hydrogencitrate and an aqueous ammoniaacetic acid mixture; the two solutions were mixed in definite ratios. Using a column of Dowex 50 W resin, the separation of Sm, Nd, Pr, Ge and La was successfully achieved. As practical samples, mixed chlorides obtained from monazite concentrates were used. Both the purities and the yields of the recovered rare earths were greater than 99%. This eluting agent was applied to the separation of yttrium-group rare earths such as Dy, Er, Yb and Y, but the attempt was not successful.
Ultramarines Synthesized under Controlled Sulfur Vapor Pressures
Authors: Yamaguchi Goro , Kubo Yasushi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Ultramarine was synthesized in the systems NaAlSiO4-Na2S and NaAlSiO4·aNa2O-Carbon under a sulfur vapor pressure controlled between 0 and 1 atm. The average valence of sulfur contained in ultramarine changed from 2.0 to 1.0 with increase in sulfur vapor pressure. This was due to the formation of a sulfide containing monosufidic sulfur ion at 0 atm and of a polysulfide containing disulfidic ion at elevated sulfur vapor pressures. Sigmoidal characteristics were observed in the relationships between the sulfur content of ultramarine and the sulfur vapor pressure.
Free Radical Reactions in Organic Electrode Processes. VII. Anodic Reaction of Benzoic Acid with Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Authors: Koyama Kikuhiko , Ebara Tatsuyoshi , Tsutsumi Shigeru 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The anodic reaction of benzoic acid in acetonitrile containing tiethylamine was carried out in the presence of toluene, ethylbenzene, cumene, and tetralin. The amounts of carbon dioxide evolved during the electrolyses were smaller than those expected to be produced through the spontaneous decomposition of the benzoyloxy radical. An examination of nongaseous products indicated that the anodic reaction proceeds by means of the formation of the benzoyloxylates and phenylates of the aromatic hydrocarbons present. The occurrence of the nuclear benzoyloxylation, to a relatively great extent, suggested that the aromatic hydrocarbons were oxidized at the anode.
Long-Range Spin Coupling between the Methoxyl and Ring Protons in 2-Methoxytropone Derivatives and Its Applications
Authors: Seto Shuichi , Ogura Kyozo , Toda Hiroko , Ikegami Yusaku , Ikenoue Tsuneo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Bromination of 5-amino-2-methoxytropone and 2-amino-7-methoxytropone afforded 5-amino-4-bromo-2-methoxytropone and 2-amino-3,5-dibromo-7-methoxytropone, respectively, as expected from the consideration of the effect of amino group in 2-methoxytropone system. Long-range spin coupling between the methoxyl group and a neighboring ring proton was observed in 2-methoxytropone derivatives. This information was applied to elucidation of the structure of the bromination products. The comparison of their NMR spectra gave the reasonable assignment for the ring protons of 5-amino-2-methoxytropone.
Lactone Carboxylic Acids. VI. A Synthesis of α,β-Epoxybutyrolactone via α-Diazolactones
Authors: Torii Sigeru , Endo Siro , Oka Hirotosi , Kariya Yoshihiro , Takeda Akira 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Reaction of α-carboxy-β-carbethoxy-γ,γ-dimethylbutyrolactone (3) with equimolar amount of nitrous acid gave ethyl α-hydroxyaminoaconate (7). However, the nitrosation of 3 using excess nitrous acid afforded a variety of compounds such as α-diazo (4 and 5), α-nitro (8), and α-azoxybutyrolactone (9) derivatives. Each of the products (4, 5, 8, and 9) could be synthesized from 7, independently. By the action of phosphoric acid, α-diazolactones (4 and 5) were converted into ethyl α,β-epoxyparaconate (6). The nature of the product 7 was demonstrated through its conversion into ethyl α-hydroxyaconate and through its thermal decomposition to ethyl α-aminoaconate and a-isopropylidenecyanoacetic acid derivatives. A possible mechanism for the formation of 6 through 4 and 5 is described.
Synthesis of 3-Vinylpyrene by Wittig’s Reaction, and Syntheses and Electrical Properties of Polyvinylpyrene and Its Charge Transfer Complexes
Authors: Tanikawa Kiyoshi , Ishizuka Takashi , Suzuki Kojiro , Kusabayashi Shigekazu , Mikawa Hiroshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Using Wittig’s reaction, we synthesized 3-vinylpyrene from pyrene-3-aldehyde in 76% yield. 3-Vinylpyrene monomer was polymerized by benzoylperoxide or di-t-butylperoxide catalysts. Each polymer had a melting point, being observed by the method of polarizing hot stage microscopic examination. X-ray examination showed that the polymer was crystalline, although rather poor. The charge transfer complexes, containing polyvinylpyrene as an electron donor, and iodine, tetracyanoethylene or tetracyanoquinodimethane as an electron acceptor, were prepared, each having the composition of pyrene nucleus : acceptor=16 : 3, 15 : 2, 15 : 2, respectively. Electrical conductivities of the complexes at 25°C, ρ25 and band gap energies, ε, were 1.3×108 Ωcm, 0.80 eV; 4.5×1012 Ωcm, 1.32 eV; 1.1×1014 Ωcm, 1.34 eV, respectively. Each complex showed ohmic current-voltage characteristics in an appropriate temperature range.
The Photochemical Reactions of Fe(III) Complexes with 1,2-Glycols. Dehydration and Dehydrogenation
Authors: Inoue Hiroo , Komakine Nobuyuki , Imoto Eiji 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Ferric chloride reacts with 1,2-glycols, when irradiated with light, to afford dehydration and dehydrogenation products. The reaction course is influenced by the structure of the 1,2-glycols, the kind of ligand around the Fe(III) ion, and the solvent in the reaction system. When the number of hydrogen atoms on carbon having a hydroxyl group of 1,2-glycol increases, the yield of the dehydration product increases in comparison with that of the dehydrogenation product; the photochemical reaction of ferric chloride with ethylene glycol or pinacol gives, selectively, acetaldehyde or acetone respectively. The photochemical reaction of ferric acetate with the ethylene glycol shows a highly selective dehydrogenation, giving only formaldehyde, though it is in a good yield. Furthermore, the addition of aniline or acetic acid to the ferric chloride-ethylene glycol system results in an increase in the production of glyoxal or acetaldehyde respectively. In the photochemical reaction of ferric chloride with ethylene glycol or cis- and trans-1,2-cyclohexanediol, acetonitrile as a solvent causes the formation of the dehydrogenation products, that is, acetoxyacetaldehyde and glyoxal or 1,2-cyclohexanedione respectively.
Synthetic Studies of Sesamol Derivatives. X. Synthesis of Dehydroneotenone
Authors: Fukui Kenji , Nakayama Mitsuru 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The synthesis of dehydroneotenone has been carried out using 6-hydroxy-5-(2-methoxy-4,5-methylenedioxyphenylacetyl)-2,3-dihydrobenzo[b]furan as an intermediate and by subjecting it to cyclization with ethyl orthoformate, followed by dehydrogenation.
A Convenient Method for the Preparation of Acid Anhydrides from Metallic Carboxylates
Authors: Hata Tsujiaki , Tajima Kiyohiko , Mukaiyama Teruaki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A convenient method for the preparation of carboxylic anhydrides by use of one mole of N,N′-dicyclohexylthiourea and two moles of silver or mercurous carboxylate has been established. According to this method, several carboxylic anhydrides were obtained in high yields under mild conditions even by microscale experiments.
Syntheses of 4-Alkylidene- and 4-Aralkylidene-2-chloromethyl-5-oxazolones and N-(Chloroacetyl)dehydroamino Acids
Authors: Kurita Hideaki , Chigira Yasuhiro , Masaki Mitsuo , Ohta Masaki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Treatment of N-dichloroacetyl amino acids with acetic anhydride at a temperature between 85°C and 130°C yielded 4-alkylidene- and 4-aralkylidene-2-chloromethyl-5-oxazolones, which were readily hydrolyzed to give 2-(2-chloroacetamido)-2-alkenoic acids, i.e., N-(chloroacetyl)-dehydroamino acids.
Stereospecific Synthesis of 1,4-Dienes. IV. The Catalytic Behavior of the Ethylenebis(diphenylphosphine) Complex of Iron(0)
Authors: Hata Go , Miyake Akihisa 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A zerovalent iron complex, Fe(Ph2P·CH2CH2·PPh2)2· C2H2, catalyzes addition of ethylene to butadiene to afford 1 : 1 adducts consisting of 1,cis-4-hexadiene, 1,3-hexadiene, 2,4-hexadiene and 1,5-hexadiene, and 2 : 1 adducts. The combination of the iron complex and a Lewis acid (triethylaluminum, diethylaluminum chloride, ethylaluminum dichloride and boron trifluoride etherate) gives 1,cis-4-hexadiene much more selectively. The most efficient Lewis acid component for the synthesis of 1,cis-4-hexadiene is diethylaluminum chloride.
Analogs of Oxytocin Containing Leucinamide and Glycylglycinamide in Place of Glycinamide
Authors: Aoyagi Haruhiko , Kondo Michio , Izumiya Nobuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Two analogs of oxytocin, [9-leucine]-oxytocin and oxytocinoyl-glycinamide, in which the glycinamide residue at position 9 in oxytocin has been replaced by a leucinamide and glycyl-glycinamide, respectively, have been synthesized and tested for some of the pharmacological properties characteristic of oxytocin. The protected nona- and decapeptide intermediates were prepared by use of the azide method in a fashion of the fragment condensation. After removal of the protecting groups from the intermediates by means of either sodium in liquid ammonia or anhydrous hydrogen fluoride, the dithiols thus obtained were oxidized to the required analogs. It was found that [9-leucine]-oxytocin possessed approximately 8% oxytocic potency, and oxytocinoyl-glycinamide 0.5% potency compared with oxytocin preparation.