bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultra‐performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry method for the determination of lercanidipine in human plasma
Authors: Kalovidouris Madgalene , Michalea Stavroula , Robola Nikoleta , Koutsopoulou Maria , Panderi Irene 
Published: August 2006

AbstractA simple, sensitive and rapid ultra‐performance liquid chromatography/positive electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC/ESI‐MS/MS) method has been developed and validated for the determination of lercanidipine in human plasma. Lercanidipine and the internal standard, nicardipine, were extracted from plasma by liquid‐liquid extraction using tert‐butyl methyl ether as the extraction solvent. UPLC analysis was performed isocratically on an AcQuity UPLC™ BEH C18 analytical column (2.1 × 50.0 mm i.d., particle size 1.7 µm). The mobile phase consisted of 70% acetonitrile in water containing 0.2% v/v formic acid and pumped at a flow rate of 0.30 mL/min. ESI in positive ion mode, with multiple reaction monitoring (MRM), was chosen for the detection of the analytes. The assay was linear over a concentration range of 0.05–30 ng/mL for lercanidipine with a limit of quantitation of 0.05 ng/mL. Quality control samples (0.05, 0.15, 15 and 25 ng/mL) in five replicates from five of analytical runs demonstrated intra‐assay precision (% CV ≤7.3%), inter‐assay precision (% CV ≤6.1%) and an overall accuracy (% relative error) of less than 6.2%. A run time of less than 1.0 min for each sample made it possible to analyze a large number of human plasma samples per day. The method can be used to quantify lercanidipine in human plasma covering a variety of pharmacokinetic or bioequivalence studies. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
LASIK Surgery
Authors: Wilson Theresa Supik 
Published: August 2006

ABSTRACTThe laser in situ keratomileusis (ie, LASIK) procedure reshapes the surface of the cornea to focus visual images directly onto the retina, thereby improving visual acuity. In 1998, approximately 420,000 LASIK procedures were performed in the United States, and approximately two million people throughout the world already are benefiting from the LASIK vision correction procedure. AORN J 71 (May 2000) 963–983.
Boyer's Model of Scholarly Nursing Applied to Professional Development
Authors: Pape Tess 
Published: August 2006

ABSTRACTScholarship in nursing often is difficult to define and identify, but it is an important element in nursing. Scholars are needed in every practice setting to question the status quo and pursue fresh approaches to issues. This article examines Boyer's revised model of scholarship, which uses paradigms of discovery, integration, application, and teaching. Knowledge dissemination is emphasized as an important component for sharing information with fellow nurses and the public. Boyer's model of nursing scholarship provides institutions and OR nurse managers with a scholarly method for evaluating employee efforts. Strategies offered include professional development plans and employee portfolios. These applications encourage scholarly activities. AORN J 71 (May 2000) 995–1003.
Perioperative Care of Children in a Transcultural Context
Authors: Alsop‐Shields Linda 
Published: August 2006

ABSTRACTAs part of a large, comparative study of how children are cared for in developed and developing countries' hospitals, health care professionals and parents were asked questions relating to their beliefs about parental presence during anesthesia induction and in postanesthesia care units. Children were not questioned. The researcher compared parents' (n = 957) and staff members' (n = 780) responses between developed and developing countries. Results indicate that parents and staff members in developed and developing countries responded significantly differently (P < .000001) to whether they believe parents or relatives should stay with their children until anesthesia takes effect. More staff members in developing countries responded that parents should be present (P = .007). Oultural constructions (eg, class) are believed to influence strongly how care is delivered in developing countries studied. Cultural constructions were not as important in the developed countries. AORN J 71 (May 2000) 1004–1020.
Selecting the Perioperative Patient Focused Model
Authors: Rothorck Jane C. , Smith Dale A. 
Published: August 2006

ABSTRACTThe Project Team on a Perioperative Model was charged with finding or creating a theoretical model for perioperative nursing. Team members evaluated 15 existing theories and decided to use the conceptual model developed by AORN's Data Elements Coordinating Committee. The Perioperative Patient Focused Model is logical, and the concepts and principles are supported in practice environments. AORN J 71 (May 2000) 1030–1037.
Laparoscopic Spinal Fusion Procedures
Authors: Forsythe Lydia L. 
Published: August 2006

ABSTRACTLaparoscopic procedures, such as spinal fusions, facilitate patients' faster returns to functioning lifestyles. Fusions using implanted threaded cylinders made of a porous titanium alloy can be performed at the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine levels. This article discusses preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative care of patients undergoing laparoscopic spinal fusion. AORN J 66 (Oct 1997) 637–643.
Surgical Glove Failures in Clinical Practice Settings
Authors: Korniewicz Denise M. , Rabussay Dietmar 
Published: August 2006

ABSTRACTHealth care personnel often pay little attention to the barrier effectiveness of the surgical gloves they use in clinical settings. They may assume that all surgical gloves provide adequate protection against the transfer of bloodborne pathogens, chemicals, or mutagenic substances. Perioperative staff members frequently are unaware that their surgical gloves have failed until they find blood on their hands after operative procedures are completed. In this first article of a three‐part series, the authors review current surgical glove testing standards, define surgical glove failure, and describe the reasons that surgical glove failure occurs in clinical practice settings. AORN J 66 (Oct 1997) 660–673.
Introducing a Music Program in the Perioperative Area
Authors: Cunningham Maureen F. , Monson Bonnie , Bookbinder Marilyn 
Published: August 2006

ABSTRACTMusic can touch patients deeply and thus transform their anxiety and stress into relaxation and healing. Patients with cancer who undergo surgical procedures are highly stressed. To help alleviate these patients' stress and improve their comfort, perioperative nurses at Memorial Sloan‐Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, surveyed surgical patients and staff members about introducing a perioperative music program. This article reviews the literature on the use of music in perioperative care settings and describes MSKCC's decision to evaluate and then implement a music program.AORN J66 (Oct 1997) 674‐682.
Stereotactic Biopsy Procedures for Brain Tumor Diagnosis
Authors: Brady Sharon , Thornhill Annette , Colapinto Edward 
Published: August 2006

ABSTRACTStereotactic biopsy procedures, in which a computer‐based, three‐dimensional‐image‐guided system accurately locates patients' brain tumors, are relatively new diagnostic methods. Complications from stereotactic biopsy procedures are minimal compared with open craniotomy procedures because they are performed with local anesthesia. Perioperative nurses should have knowledge of and be trained in stereotactic biopsy procedures to ensure optimal care for patients undergoing these procedures. AORN J 65 (May 1997) 890–900.
Total Shoulder Arthroplasty
Authors: Owens Rochelle A. 
Published: August 2006

ABSTRACTSurgeons perform total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) procedures to reduce patients' intractable arthritic pain and to repair humeral head fractures. Total shoulder arthroplasty has undergone remarkable advances—not only in prosthetic improvements and refinements—but in patient outcomes. Advantages to TSA procedures include decreased pain and patients' increased ability to perform activities of daily living. AORN J 65 (May 1997) 927–932.
Patient Risk Factors for Pressure Ulcers During Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Lewicki Linda J. , Mion Lorraine , Splane Karen G. , Samstag Doris , Secic Michelle 
Published: August 2006

ABSTRACTPatients undergoing cardiac surgery have increased risks for developing pressure ulcers. The researchers conducted this study to identify preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative factors associated with the development of pressure ulcers among patients undergoing cardiac surgery at the Cleveland Clinic Foundation. The significant factors associated with pressure ulcer development in the study patients were presence of diabetes mellitus and other significant comorbid conditions; low preoperative Braden Risk Assessment Scale scores; lower preoperative hemoglobin, hematocrit, and serum albumin levels; presence of intraaortic balloon pumps in the postoperative period; being turned less often; and more rapid returns to preoperative body temperatures. By incorporafing vigilant observation and timely nursing interventions throughout patients' surgical experiences, perioperative nurses can help prevent the development of pressure ulcers and promote optimal patient outcomes. AORN J 65 (May 1997) 933–942.
A Statistical Method for Predicting Postanesthesia Care Unit Staffing Needs
Authors: Dexter Franklin , Rittenmeyer Helen 
Published: August 2006

ABSTRACTWhen predicting staffing requirements for postanesthesia care units (PACUs), nurse managers are expected to satisfy standards, meet patient care needs, staff PACUs to accommodate surgeons' and facilities' needs, and contain costs. The authors present a statistical method that offers reliability and accuracy in forecasting future patient numbers and related PACU staffing requirements. Nurse managers can use this method to decide how frequently they will satisfy staffing standards, how many shifts of RNs to schedule each day, and how many months in the future to schedule staff members. Future peak numbers of patients for each daily shift are based on previous daily peak numbers of patients, and staffing requirements can be planned from these predicted peak numbers of patients, using a facility's PACU staffing standards. AORN J 65 (May 1997) 947–957.
Surgical Treatment for Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Moore Shirley , Haughey Bruce H. 
Published: August 2006

ABSTRACTThyroidectomy procedures are the mainstay treatment for thyroid cancer and are safe and effective when they are performed by experienced surgeons. Preoperative evaluation of patients with suspected thyroid cancer consists of ultrasonography, radioisotope scanning, and computed tomography scans. Postoperative complications of thyroidectomy procedures include hemorrhage, edema of the glottis, muscle rigidity and spasm (ie, tetany), acute thyrotoxicosis, and damage to the laryngeal nerve. Most surgical patients are discharged home within three days after surgery, and many patients require lifelong thyroid hormone replacement to prevent hypothy‐roidism. AORN J 65 (April 1997) 710–725.
The Use of Music During the Immediate Postoperative Recovery Period
Authors: Heiser Regina M. , Chiles Kathleen , Fudge Mary , Gray Susan E. 
Published: August 2006

ABSTRACTThe most effective approach to managing patients' pain in the immediate postoperative period may include a combination of pharmacologic agents and noninvasive, nonpharmacologic interventions. In this study, nurse researchers evaluated the effect of music on pain and anxiety levels and selected physiologic parameters of two groups of patients who were emerging and recovering from anesthesia. Patients in the treatment group listened to music through headphones during the last 30 minutes of their surgical procedures and during the first hour in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU). Patients in the control group had identical surgical procedures, received the same preoperative medications, and were managed with the same anesthesia protocol but did not listen to music in the OR or PACU. No differences existed between the two patient groups in the variables measured; however, patients in the treatment group stated that music helped them relax and functioned as a distracter.AORN J65 (April 1997) 777‐785.
The RN First Assistant's Role During Inferior Epigastric Artery Harvesting
Authors: Hlozek Christopher C. , Zacharias Walter M. 
Published: August 2006

ABSTRACTAt the Cleveland Clinic Foundation, RN first assistants (RNFAs) have replaced inexperienced interns and rotating general surgery residents as surgical first assistants. Their new role includes harvesting inferior epigastric arteries (IEAs) for coronary artery bypass procedures. The RNFAs remove the IEAs through paramedian incisions that extend from below the umbilicus to the groin, dissect the IEAs as pedicles, and complete wound closure. This is one example of the expanded role of RNFAs during complex surgical procedures. AORN J 65 (Jan 1997) 26–29.
Transoral Resection of Spinal Cord Tumors and Posterior Cervical Spine Stabilization
Authors: Walton Phyllis G. , Broughton Eve L. 
Published: August 2006

ABSTRACTTransoral resection of an anterior spinal cord tumor consists of three major phases: corpectomy (ie, removal of vertebral bodies), tumor resection, and duraplasty (ie, repair of the dura mater). A second surgical procedure, posterior stabilization of the occiput to the C3 vertebra, consists of an iliac crest bone graft for cervical spine fusion and the application of a rigid fixation device. This article describes a patient who underwent a transoral resection of an extramedullary intradural tumor at the C2‐C3 level of the spinal cord and a posterior cervical spine stabilization procedure. Perioperative nursing concerns and interventions are discussed from the standpoint of the patient's physical and mental postoperative recovery. AORN J 65 (Jan 1997) 48–68.
Fallopian Tube Anastomosis Procedures to Restore Fertility
Authors: Haspel‐Siegel Alyssa S. 
Published: August 2006

ABSTRACTFallopian tube interruption is a common form of contraception in the United States. A significant portion of women who undergo these procedures are in their twenties and thirties. For a variety of reasons (eg, change in marital status, wish for additional children, death of children, religious concerns, psychological factors), many of these women later seek restoration of fertility through tubal anastomosis procedures. Using microsurgical techniques with minilaparotomy or laparoscopy procedures, surgeons are able to restore fallopian tube patency in many women. Positive surgical outcomes depend on the method of fallopian tube interruption, the type of tubal anastomosis performed, and the length of the fallopian tube segments being anastomosed. AORN J 65 (Jan 1997) 75–86.
The Perioperative Nurse's Role in Assisted‐Fertility Procedures
Authors: Robinson Barbara J. Hemsley 
Published: August 2006

ABSTRACTInfertility is the inability to achieve pregnancy within a stipulated period of time (ie, one year) or the repeated failure to carry a pregnancy to term. Advances in assistive reproductive technology have enabled many couples to overcome infertility, but health care providers need to remember that these couples require much support. This article addresses the perioperative nurse's responsibilities during assisted‐fertility procedures that are performed in the OR (eg, transvaginal oocyte retrieval, gamete intrafallopian transfer, zygote intrafallopian transfer). AORN J 65 (Jan 1997) 87–93.
Implementing an Informatics System in a Perioperative Environment
Authors: Williams Peggy W. , Sowell Pamela M. , Smith Carol 
Published: August 2006

ABSTRACTThis article identifies and describes strategies for successful implementation of an informatics system in a perioperative environment. With the trend toward managed care, perioperative nurses must address the challenge of instituting advanced technology in organizations with limited staffing and other resources. Planning methods of the past no longer are relevant in today's health care systems; therefore, innovative planning approaches are important. Five key elements in implementation of an informatics system are: a collaborative planning process, education and involvement of staff members regarding the system's design, development of a timetable, selection of a focus group, and assessment of staff members' training requirements. Methods are described for using a focus group process, including recommendations for structuring the focus group and establishing responsibilities of core group members. AORN J 65 (Jan 1997) 94–97.
The Prevalence of Perioperative Nurse Clinical Judgments
Authors: Killen A.R. , Kleinbeck S.V.M. , Golar K. , Schuchardt J. Takahashi , Uebele J. 
Published: August 2006

ABSTRACTA clinical judgment about a patient situation precedes the selection of appropriate nursing actions and the identification of patient outcomes. The North American Nursing Diagnosis Association nomenclature (ie, nursing diagnoses) is the accepted language for naming nurses' clinical judgments. Two hundred thirty‐nine members of the Association of Operating Room Nurses, Inc, rated the frequency and treatment priority of 60 nursing diagnoses. They rated two diagnostic labels (ie, risk for perioperative positioning injury, risk for infection) as occurring in more than 50% of the clinical judgments they make about perioperative patient situations that require immediate nursing action. These data reinforce perioperative nurses' primary role in protecting surgical patients from harm. AORN J 65 (Jan 1997) 101–108.
Laparoscopic Applications for Abdominal Trauma Injuries
Authors: Pilcher C.J. , Wesolowski M.S. , Jawad M.A. 
Published: August 2006

ABSTRACTLaparoscopy has been shown to be an effective diagnostic and therapeutic modality for trauma patients. The benefits of laparoscopic intervention include the avoidance of negative laparotomy procedures, decreased patient morbidity rates, shorter hospital stays, and lower costs. Laparoscopic limitations are discussed in this article as well as the perioperative nursing considerations in all phases of trauma patients' care. Five case studies in which patients' care was enhanced by the use of laparoscopy are presented. AORN J 64 (Sept 1996) 366–375.
Choreographing Trauma Resuscitation in the OR
Authors: Wooten C. , Kusler D. , Kracun M. , Botsford J. , Lawlor R. 
Published: August 2006

ABSTRACTSurvival rates are enhanced if severely injured trauma patients are admitted directly to the OR for resuscitation and surgical intervention. To increase the survivability and decrease the morbidity of trauma patients with penetrating trauma to the chest or abdomen, a hospital in La Jolla, Calif, developed a “direct to the OR” resuscitation program. This program substantially increased the survival rate of these trauma patients. Perioperative nurses respond to all major trauma situations and assist with surgical procedures completed in a trauma resuscitation room or in the OR.
Intraoperative Progress Reports Decrease Family Members' Anxiety
Authors: Leske Jane S. 
Published: August 2006

ABSTRACTThe researcher used a four‐group quasi‐experimental posttest design to examine the effect of intraoperative progress reports on 200 family members' anxiety. Group one (ie, control group) received standard perioperative care, which did not include intraoperative progress reports. Group two received in‐person progress reports from perioperative nurses. Group three received an “attention” protocol (ie, checklist explaining hospital routines, waiting room procedures). Group four received progress reports delivered by telephone. The researcher compared family members' state anxiety scores, mean arterial pressures (MAPs), and heart rates measured halfway during their relatives' surgical procedures, measuring these dependent variables after providing the interventions. The in‐person intraoperative progress report group reported lower state anxiety scores (P < .001) and had significantly lower MAPs and heart rates (P < .05) than the other three groups. In‐person progress reports appear to be the most beneficial perioperative nursing intervention for reducing family members' anxiety during the intraoperative waiting period.
Treatment of Depression with Outpatient Electroconvulsive Therapy
Authors: Irvin Susan M. 
Published: August 2006

ABSTRACTDepression is a common condition that often responds to a variety of treatment modalities. Concerns about antidepressant medications' safety and efficacy and individuals' lack of response or their problems complying with medication regimens have prompted a resurgence in electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for specific mental health conditions. Outpatient maintenance ECT, performed under general anesthesia, is a safe, effective follow‐up treatment for individuals with major depression who have undergone inpatient ECT. Individuals with bipolar disorders, catatonia, mania, and schizophrenia and those with Parkinson's disease also can benefit from outpatient ECT. Perioperative nursing care for individuals who undergo outpatient ECT is similar to the care provided to patients scheduled for ambulatory surgery. Successful performance of outpatient ECT requires collaboration by skilled perioperative nurses, psychiatrists, anesthesia care providers, affected individuals, and family members. AORN J 65 (March 1997) 573–582.
Management of Upper Abdominal Solid Organ Injuries
Authors: Richardson J. David , Brewer Martha 
Published: August 2006

ABSTRACTSolid organ injuries of the upper abdomen consist primarily of injuries to the spleen and liver. Several years ago, these injuries were fairly straightforward to manage. Recently, however, combinations of new diagnostic modalities and the advent of nonsurgical treatments have added complexity to the management of splenic and hepatic injuries. Splenic injuries that require surgical repairs are managed by splenic salvage when feasible and by splenectomy procedures when the injuries are complicated. Hepatic injuries may require a variety of therapeutic modalities, depending on their complexity. This article reviews some of these treatment options for the management of upper abdominal solid organ injuries. AORN J 63 (May 1996) 907–916.
Traumatic Rupture of the Descending Thoracic Aorta
Authors: Butler Karyn L. , Moore Ernest E. , Harken Alden H. 
Published: August 2006

ABSTRACTTraumatic rupture of the descending thoracic aorta is a highly lethal injury caused by sudden, rapid deceleration in high‐speed motor vehicular collisions and falls from heights. Deceleration causes the mobile ascending aorta and aortic arch to move forward while the descending thoracic aorta remains fixed by the mediastinal pleura. This opposing movement creates a tear at the aortic isthmus just distal to the origin of the left subclavian artery. Patients with traumatic ruptured descending thoracic aortas often have serious multisystem injuries, and approximately 85% of these patients die at accident scenes or during emergency department resuscitation. The most frequent cause of death is free rupture of periaortic tissues that temporarily have provided tamponade to the sites of aortic ruptures. Surgical mortality rates for patients who survive initial resuscitation are between 10% and 25%. Advances in field triage and emergency medical transportation systems and new preoperative evaluation modalities have improved the survival of patients with traumatic descending thoracic aorta ruptures. AORN J 63 (May 1996) 917–925.