bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attachment, loss, and complicated grief
Authors: Shear Katherine , Shair Harry 
Published: October 2005

AbstractBereavement is a highly disruptive experience that is usually followed by a painful but time‐limited period of acute grief. An unfortunate minority of individuals experience prolonged and impairing complicated grief, an identifiable syndrome that differs from usual grief, major depression, and other DSM IV diagnostic entities. Underlying processes guiding symptoms are not well understood for either usual or complicated grief. We propose a provisional model of bereavement, guided by Myron Hofer's question “What exactly is lost when a loved one dies?” We integrate insights about biobehavioral regulation from Hofer's animal studies of infant separation, research on adult human attachment, and new ideas from bereavement research. In this model, death of an attachment figure produces a state of traumatic loss and symptoms of acute grief. These symptoms usually resolve following revision of the internalized representation of the deceased to incorporate the reality of the death. Failure to accomplish this integration results in the syndrome of complicated grief. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 47: 253–267, 2005.
Neurobiology of infant attachment
Authors: Moriceau Stephanie , Sullivan Regina M. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractA strong attachment to the caregiver is critical for survival in altricial species, including humans. While some behavioral aspects of attachment have been characterized, its neurobiology has only recently received attention. Using a mammalian imprinting model, we are assessing the neural circuitry that enables infant rats to attach quickly to a caregiver, thus enhancing survival in the nest. Specifically, the hyper‐functioning noradrenergic locus coeruleus (LC) enables pups to learn rapid, robust preference for the caregiver. Conversely, a hypo‐functional amygdala appears to prevent the infant from learning aversions to the caregiver. Adult LC and amygdala functional emergence correlates with sensitive period termination. This study suggests the neonatal brain is not an immature version of the adult brain but is uniquely designed to optimize attachment to the caregiver. Although human attachment may not rely on identical circuitry, the work reviewed here suggests a new conceptual framework in which to explore human attachments, particularly attachments to abusive caregivers. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 47: 230–242, 2005.
Blood pressure responses to feeding in infancy: Spin‐offs of serendipity
Authors: Myers Michael M. , Shair Harry N. , Cohen Morris 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThis article summarizes results from a program of research that has focused on understanding the characteristics of, and factors that shape, acute cardiovascular responses to feeding in infants. The work developed from behavioral observations in rats suggesting a linkage between variations in maternal behavior and adult blood pressure. However, the hypothesis that specific types of interactions, in particular those associated with feeding, might alter cardiovascular function was greatly influenced by a serendipitous observation made by Myron Hofer several years earlier. Myron discovered that nutrient availability is a key regulator of cardiovascular function in newborn rats. Our spin‐off studies established that, in newborn rats and human infants, ingestion of nutrient is associated with robust increases in heart rate and blood pressure. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 47: 268–277, 2005.
I‐SceI meganuclease‐mediated transgenesis in Xenopus
Authors: Pan Fong Cheng , Chen Yonglong , Loeber Jana , Henningfeld Kristine , Pieler Tomas 
Published: October 2005

AbstractSeveral experimental approaches have been described to generate transgenic frogs. Here, we report on the application of a novel method in Xenopus, making use of I‐SceI meganuclease. The characteristic feature of this endonuclease is that it has an extended recognition site of 18 bp, which is expected to exist only once in 7 × 1010 bp of random DNA sequences. Various reporter constructs flanked by two I‐SceI recognition sites were injected together with the I‐SceI meganuclease into one‐cell stage Xenopus embryos. We observed an overall transgenesis frequency of 10% or more under optimized condition. The injected genes were integrated into the genome and transmitted to F1 offspring. Southern blot analysis showed that between one and eight copies of the transgene were integrated. Meganuclease‐aided transgenesis, thus, provides a simple and highly efficient tool for transgenesis in Xenopus. Developmental Dynamics 235:247–252, 2006. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Binding of Oxovanadium(IV) to Tripeptides Containing Histidine and Cysteine Residues and Its Biological Implication in the Transport of Vanadium and Insulin‐Mimetic Compounds
Authors: Garribba Eugenio , Micera Giovanni , Lodyga‐Chruscinska Elzbieta , Sanna Daniele , Sanna Gavino 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThe complexation of VIVO ion with three tripeptides of biological importance containing L‐histidine or L‐cysteine (HisGlyGly, GlyGlyHis and GlyGlyCys) has been studied. This study was performed in aqueous solution by the combined application of potentiometric and spectroscopic (electronic absorption and EPR) techniques. The results indicate that these oligopeptides, if a ligand‐to‐metal molar ratio of 10 or 15 is used, can keep VIVO ion in solution until the deprotonation of the amide group with the donor set (NH2, CO, Nimax) for HisGlyGly or (COO–, CO) for GlyGlyHis and GlyGlyCys. In all the systems, at pH values around neutrality, a VOLH–2 species is formed with an (NH2, N–, N–, COO–) donor set for HisGlyGly, (NH2, N–, N–, Nim) for GlyGlyHis and (NH2, N–,N–, S–) for GlyGlyCys. These species, and those with onedeprotonated amide group coordinated to the VIVO ion, can be detected by EPR spectroscopy. The N–(amide) contribution to the hyperfine coupling constant along the z axis, Az, depends on the total charge of the donor atoms in the equatorial plane. The participation of albumin in the transport of vanadium and insulin‐mimetic VIVO compounds is reconsidered based on these results. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Radio‐echo layering in West Antarctica: a spreadsheet dataset
Authors: Siegert Martin J. , Pokar Magdeline , Dowdeswell Julian A. , Benham Toby 
Published: October 2005

AbstractOf the various information recovered from radio‐echo sounding (RES) of polar ice sheets, internal layering is currently under‐utilized by glaciologists, due in part to a lack of available data. Here, RES layering of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet, from the 1970s RES survey of approximately 70 per cent of this ice mass, is made available in a series of spreadsheets. Three types of internal layers are evident in the dataset. The first is continuous layers that have a stratigraphic appearance and can often be traced easily for hundreds of kilometres. The second is buckled layering, which also resembles stratigraphy and can sometimes be traced over tens of kilometres (although layer identification can often be difficult). The roughness of these layers is often greater than the bed at the same wavelength. The third is highly distorted or absent layering, which is not possible to trace laterally. Despite debate concerning the origin of RES layers, they are thought by most glaciologists to represent isochronous surfaces. The pattern of internal layering is potentially of importance to glaciologists for three reasons. (1) The position of undeformed layers below the ice surface is a function of accumulation rate, ice flow and basal melting conditions. Numerical modelling (including new ‘data assimilation’ techniques) could be used to discriminate between these processes, so revealing important information about the ice sheet and its environment. (2) Buckled layers are deformed by ice flow process, and so their occurrence can be related to the flow dynamics of the ice sheet. (3) Very buckled layers are often associated with ice stream flow, which allows their location to mark the positions of past and present fast‐flowing ice. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Differential effect of epigenetic alterations and genomic deletions of CDK inhibitors [p16(INK4a), p15(INK4b), p14(ARF)] in mantle cell lymphoma
Authors: Hutter Grit , Scheubner Miriam , Zimmermann Yvonne , Kalla Joerg , Katzenberger Tiemo , Hübler Karin , Roth Sabine , Hiddemann Wolfgang , Ott German , Dreyling Martin 
Published: October 2005

AbstractMantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is characterized by the chromosomal translocation t(11;14)(q13;q32), resulting in overexpression of CCND1 in the vast majority of cases. In addition, alterations of other cell‐cycle‐regulating signal pathways (CDKN2B/CDKN2A‐CCND1 and ARF‐MDM2‐TP53) are frequently observed. However, the hierarchy of promoter methylations and genomic alterations as well as the interaction with other cell‐cycle regulator CDKN1A is poorly understood. A complete methylation‐specific PCR coupled with direct sequencing of 71 MCL patient samples previously characterized for TP53 alterations, Ki67 expression by immunohistochemistry, and other genomic alterations was performed. In contrast to rare p16(INK4a) promoter methylation (9%), frequent p15(INK4b) (62%) and p14(ARF) (70%) promoter methylation was detectable in MCL. In an additional 16% of MCL cases, LOH for p16(INK4a) was detected. However, MCL cases with p15(INK4b) methylation tended to have lower proliferation (73% vs. 57%), and p15(INK4b) and p14(ARF) promoter methylation was also detected in normal stem cells. Therefore, epigenetic changes of those genes seem not to represent primary oncogenic mechanisms but physiological mechanisms of cell regulation. The rare p16(INK4a) promoter methylation and p16(INK4a) genetic alterations were directly correlated to cell proliferation and therefore are regarded as additional molecular alterations involved in the cell‐cycle dysregulation of MCL. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
[2 + 3]‐Cycloadditions of Phosphonodithioformate S‐Methanides with CS, NN, and CC Dipolarophiles
Authors: Mlostoń Grzegorz , Urbaniak Katarzyna , Gulea Mihaela , Masson Serge , Linden Anthony , Heimgartner Heinz 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThe reaction of the methyl (dialkoxyphosphinyl)‐dithioformates (= methyl dialkoxyphosphinecarbodithioate 1‐oxides) 10 with CH2N2 at − 65° in THF yielded cycloadducts which eliminated N2 between − 40 and − 35° to give the corresponding phosphonodithioformate S‐methanides ( =methylenesulfonium (dialkoxyoxidophosphino)(methylthio)methylides) 11 (Scheme 3). These reactive 1,3‐dipoles were intercepted by aromatic thioketones to yield 1,3‐dithiolanes. Whereas the reaction with thiobenzophenone (12b) led to the sterically more congested isomers 15 regioselectively, a mixture of both regioisomers was obtained with 9H‐fluorene‐9‐thione (12a). Trapping of 11 with phosphono‐ and sulfonodithioformates led exclusively to the sterically less hindered 1,3‐dithiolanes 16 and 18, respectively (Scheme 4). In addition, reactive CC dipolarophiles such as ethenetetracarbonitrile, maleic anhydride, and N‐phenylmaleimide as well as the NN dipolarophile dimethyl diazenedicarboxylate were shown to be efficient interceptors of 11 (Scheme 5).
Synthesis of New C(2)‐Substituted gluco‐Configured Tetrahydroimidazopyridines and Their Evaluation as Glucosidase Inhibitors
Authors: Shanmugasundaram Bhagavathy , Vasella Andrea 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThe gluco‐configured C(2)‐substituted tetrahydroimidazopyridines 8–14 were prepared and tested as inhibitors of the β‐glucosidases from Caldocellum saccharolyticum and from sweet almonds, and of the α‐glucosidase from brewer's yeast. All new imidazopyridines are nanomolar inhibitors of the β‐glucosidases and micromolar inhibitors of the α‐glucosidase. The 3‐phenylpropyl derivative 14 proved the strongest inhibitor of the Caldocellum β‐glucosidase (Ki = 0.9 nM), only slightly weaker than the known 2‐phenylethyl analogue 7, and the propyl derivative 13 is the strongest inhibitor of the sweet almond β‐glucosidases (Ki = 3.2 nM), again slightly weaker than 7. There is no strong dependence of the inhibition on the nature of the C(2)‐substituent and no clear correlation between the inhibitory strength of the known manno‐configured imidazopyridines 2–6 and the gluco‐analogues 8–12. While most manno‐imidazopyridines are competitive inhibitors, the gluco‐analogues proved non‐competitive inhibitors of the Caldocellum β‐glucosidase and mixed‐type or partial mixed‐type inhibitors of the sweet almond β‐glucosidases.
Chemical Constituents from Croton insularis
Authors: Graikou Konstantia , Aligiannis Nektarios , Chinou Ioanna , Skaltsounis Alexios‐Léandros , Tillequin François , Litaudon Marc 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThree new clerodane‐type terpenoids, furocrotinsulolide A (1), furocrotinsulolide B (2), and crotinsulactone (3), as well as a new phenolic disaccharide (4) have been isolated from the aerial parts of Croton insularis, together with eight known compounds. Their structures were established by in‐depth 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy, and quantum‐mechanical calculations.
Antifungal activity of DNA–lipid complexes and DNA–lipid films against Candida species
Authors: Inoue Y. , Fukushima T. , Hayakawa T. , Ogura R. , Kaminishi H. , Miyazaki K. , Okahata Y. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractIn this study amphiphilic lipids, DNA–lipid complexes, and DNA–lipid films were prepared, and their antifungal activity against Candida species was examined. The amphiphilic lipids were synthesized from a reaction of glycine or L‐alanine with n‐alkyl alcohol in the presence of p‐toluene sulfonic acid. DNA–lipid complexes, which were prepared by the simple mixing of DNA and amphiphilic lipids, were insoluble in water. Self‐standing, water‐insoluble DNA–lipid films were prepared by casting the DNA–lipid complexes from a chloroform/ethanol solution. The antifungal activities of the lipids and DNA–lipid complexes against the Candida species were evaluated by minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs); those of DNA–lipid films were evaluated by the disk diffusion method. The seven kinds of lipids, DNA–lipid complexes, and DNA–lipid films showed antifungal activity, and no differences were seen in the antifungal activities between glycine and L‐alanine derivatives. The lipids, DNA–lipid complexes, and DNA–lipid films, which have shorter alkyl chain length in lipids, showed antifungal activity against all Candida species. However, the effect of antifungal activity against Candida species decreased with increased alkyl chain length in lipids. In this study, it was found that lipids, DNA–lipid complexes, and films with a decyl or dodecyl group exhibit more favorable antifungal activity. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2006
Local delivery of bisphosphonate from coated orthopedic implants increases implants mechanical stability in osteoporotic rats
Authors: Peter Bastian , Gauthier Olivier , Laïb Samia , Bujoli Bruno , Guicheux Jérôme , Janvier Pascal , van Lenthe G. Harry , Müller Ralph , Zambelli Pierre‐Yves , Bouler Jean‐Michel , Pioletti Dominique P. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractPatients with osteoporosis and joint disabilities represent a constant growing and challenging population to be treated in the musculoskeletal clinical field. Especially in the case of total hip arthroplasty, new solutions should be developed to compensate for the double negative factors, peri‐implant osteolysis, and osteoporotic bone loss, affecting the quality of implant outcome. The goal of this study was then to establish a proof of concept for orthopedic implant used as Zoledronate delivery in osteoporotic rats, and in particular, to verify if this approach could increase the initial implant stability. Twenty‐five female 6‐month‐old Wistar rats were ovariectomized 6 weeks before the implantation to induce osteoporosis. The animals were randomly separated in five groups representing the different Zoledronate concentrations in the HA coating: 0, 0.2, 2.1, 8.5, and 16 μg/implant. Histomorphometric measures and peri‐implant bone volume fraction were assessed and mechanical stability tests were performed. Bone volume fraction and biomechanical results clearly illustrate the positive effect of Zoledronate coated implants in the osteoporotic rats. A remarkable result was to show the existence of a window of Zoledronate content (0.2 to 8.5 μg/implant) in which the mechanical fixation of the implant increased. We were able to establish the proof of concept for orthopedic implants used as a drug delivery system in osteoporotic rats. The local bisphosphonate delivery from a calcium phosphate coating allowed increase of the mechanical fixation of an orthopedic implant. This study shows that orthopedic implants containing bisphosphonates could be beneficial for osteoporotic patients in need of a total joint replacement. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2006
A BAC library of the East African haplochromine cichlid fish Astatotilapia burtoni
Authors: Lang Michael , Miyake Tsutomu , Braasch Ingo , Tinnemore Deborah , Siegel Nicol , Salzburger Walter , Amemiya Chris T. , Meyer Axel 
Published: October 2005

AbstractA BAC library was constructed from Astatotilapia burtoni, a haplochromine cichlid that is found in Lake Tanganyika, East Africa, and its surrounding rivers. The library was generated from genomic DNA of blood cells and comprises 96,768 individual clones. Its median insert size is 150 kb and the coverage is expected to represent about 14 genome equivalents. The coverage evaluation was based on genome size estimates that were obtained by flow cytometry. In addition, hybridization screens with five probes largely corroborate the above coverage estimate, although the number of clones ranged from 5 to 22 authenticated clones per single copy probe. The BAC library described here is expected to be useful to the scientific community interested in cichlid genomics as an important resource to gain new insights into the rapid evolution of the great species diversity of haplochromine cichlid fishes. J. Exp. Zool. (Mol. Dev. Evol.) 306B, 2006. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Evolutionary transformations of fetal membrane characters in Eutheria with special reference to Afrotheria
Authors: Mess Andrea , Carter Anthony M. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractAnalysis of molecular data sets has provided new insights into higher‐level relationships of living Eutheria, including the recognition of Afrotheria as a novel taxon. This offers an opportunity to take a fresh look at the evolution of organ systems, including some that are little used in traditional systematics. In the present study, we attempted a reconstruction of the evolution of characters associated with placentation, the fetal membranes and the female reproductive tract. The evolutionary history of 21 characters has been traced, based on a current hypothesis of eutherian relationships, by applying the computer program MacClade. Accordingly, the analysis provides a first comprehensive interpretation of the stem species pattern of Eutheria. Of particular note, this pattern includes an endotheliochorial chorioallantoic placenta. The reconstructed pattern of Eutheria does not change in the basal nodes of the group. Thus, no character transformations occur on the stem lineages of Laurasiatheria or Euarchontoglires, and even Afrotheria has mostly plesiomorphic character conditions. However, two character transformations occur on the common stem lineage of Afrotheria and its sister taxon Xenarthra, i.e., amniogenesis by cavitation instead of folding and the precocial state of the newborn. In addition, we recognized one character transformation on the stem lineage of Afrotheria, i.e., the occurrence of a four‐lobed allantoic sac. Thus, contrary to previous assertions, it is possible to identify morphological characters that could be synapomorphic for this novel taxon. J. Exp. Zool. (Mol. Dev. Evol.) 306B, 2006. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Simultaneous determination of metformin and gliclazide in human plasma by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry: application to a bioequivalence study of two formulations in healthy volunteers
Authors: Zhong Guo‐ping , Bi Hui‐chang , Zhou Shufeng , Chen Xiao , Huang Min 
Published: October 2005

AbstractA rapid and sensitive liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) method was developed and validated to simultaneously determine gliclazide and metformin in human plasma using huperzine A as the internal standard (IS). After acetonitrile‐induced protein precipitation of the plasma samples, gliclazide, metformin and the IS were subjected to LC/MS/MS analysis using electro‐spray ionization (ESI). Chromatographic separation was performed on a Hypersil BDS C18column (50 mm × 2.1 mm, i.d., 3 µm). The method had a chromatographic running time of 2.0 min and linear calibration curves over the concentration ranges of 10–10 000 ng ml−1for gliclazide and 7.8–4678.9 ng ml−1for metformin. The recoveries of the method were found to be 71–104%. The lower limits of quantification (LOQ) of the method were 10.0 and 7.8 ng ml−1for gliclazide and metformin, respectively. The intra‐ and interday precision was less than 15% for all quality control samples at concentrations of 100, 500, and 2000 ng ml−1. The validated LC/MS/MS method has been used to study bioequivalence in healthy volunteers. These results indicate that the method was efficient with a very short running time (2.0 min) for metformin and gliclazide compared to the methods reported in the literature. The presented method had acceptable accuracy, precision and sensitivity and was used in clinical bioequivalence study. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The cut intramuscular nerve affects the recovery in the lacerated skeletal muscle
Authors: Pereira Barry P. , Tan Jessie A. C. , Zheng Ling , Tan Bee‐Leng , Lahiri Amitabha , Lim Aymeric Y. T. , Kumar V. Prem 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThe recovery of lacerated skeletal muscles are said to be slow and incomplete. Often the intramuscular (IM‐) nerve is concomitantly cut, but never repaired. We questioned whether the IM‐nerve should also be reanastamosed before repairing the skeletal muscle. Before answering this, it was necessary to know if the cut IM nerve would have an effect on the recovery of the segment of muscle distal to the level of the laceration. This study investigates the recovery of lacerated muscles after repair, and compares a complete muscle laceration where the main IM‐nerve was concomitantly cut and an incomplete muscle laceration where the IM‐nerve was preserved intact. The medial gastrocnemius (MG) of the adult male New Zealand White rabbit was used, with the contralateral muscle as a sham control. The laceration was at the proximal quarter of the muscle, distal to the entry point of the nerve branch from the tibial nerve into the muscle belly. Twenty‐eight weeks post‐repair, the lacerated MG with the IM‐nerve intact showed improved muscle wet weight, near normal morphology and contractile properties, and return of muscle fiber type mix and size. The repaired lacerated MG with their IM‐nerve concomitantly cut demonstrated loss of muscle wet weight, obvious fibrosis, mononuclear proliferation with fatty infiltration, increase in type‐1 fibers and muscle fiber atrophy in the distal portion. We postulate that it might be important to repair the intramuscular nerve branch by microanastomosis when repairing a vital skeletal muscle that is lacerated. © 2005 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res