bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrochemical Determination of NDPhA via its Electrocatalysis at Porous Au Electrode in Room Temperature Ionic Liquid
Authors: Yang Hui‐Lin , Chu Guo‐Hai , Zhang Qian , Zhou Guo‐Jun , Li Jing‐Hong , Xia Xing‐Hua 
Published: August 2008

AbstractN‐Nnitrosodiphenylamine (NDPhA) is a typical kind of nonvolatile nitrosamine. Its electrochemical oxidation occurs usually at relative positive potentials (>1.1 V) even at catalytic noble metal electrodes in aqueous solutions. The formation of oxide and evolution of oxygen at such high potentials makes the analysis of NDPhA on noble metal electrodes difficult. Accordingly, its electrochemical analysis is usually performed in anhydrous organic electrolytes. In this work, room temperature ionic liquid [BMIM+] [BF$\rm{ {_{4}^{-}}}$] acting as electrolyte was introduced in this electrochemical analysis systems. It acts as supporting electrolyte itself, has good solubility of organic compounds, and allows a wide performance potential window of noble electrode, and in turn, highly electrocatalytic noble electrode of platinum or gold can be used as working electrodes. After the investigation of the electrocatalytic behavior of NDPhA at a gold electrode in this room temperature ionic liquid electrolyte, high sensitive determination of NDPhA was designed. It is demonstrated that the electrochemical response of NDPhA is determined by a surface‐controlled process. Therefore, a sensor with high sensitivity was constructed by applying porous Au electrodes with highly electrocatalytic activity and large active surface area. The present approach on one hand broadens the application field of room temperature ionic liquids, and on the other hand provides a sensitive analytical method for environmental detection.
A Biomimetic Potentiometric Sensor Using Molecularly Imprinted Polymer for the Cetirizine Assay in Tablets and Biological Fluids
Authors: Javanbakht Mehran , Eynollahi Fard Solmaz , Abdouss Majid , Mohammadi Ali , Reza Ganjali Mohammad , Norouzi Parviz , Safaraliee Leila 
Published: August 2008

AbstractDespite the increasing number of applications of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) in analytical chemistry, the construction of a biomimetic potentiometric sensor remains still challenging. In this work, a biomimetic potentiometric sensor, based on a non‐covalent imprinted polymer was fabricated for the recognition and determination of cetirizine. The MIP was synthesized by precipitation polymerization, using cetirizine dihydrochloride as a template molecule, methacrylic acid (MAA) as a functional monomer and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as a cross linking agent. The sensor showed high selectivity and a sensitive response to the template in aqueous system. The MIP‐modified electrode exhibited Nernstian response (28.0±0.9 mV/decade) in a wide concentration range of 1.0×10−6 to 1.0×10−2 M with a lower detection limit of 7.0×10−7 M. The electrode has response time of ca. 20 s, high performance, high sensitivity, and good long term stability (more than 5 months). The method was satisfactory and used to the cetirizine assay in tablets and biological fluids.
Vertically Aligned CuO Nanowires Based Electrode for Amperometric Detection of Hydrogen Peroxide
Authors: Jia Wenzhao , Guo Min , Zheng Zhe , Yu Ting , Wang Ying , Rodriguez Edgar G. , Lei Yu 
Published: August 2008

AbstractVertically aligned copper oxide (CuO) nanowires were synthesized by directly heating copper foil on a hotplate under ambient conditions. The as‐grown CuO nanowires film is mechanically stable and was facilely attached to a glassy carbon (GC) electrode, offering an excellent electrochemical sensing platform. The CuO nanowires electrode shows excellent electrocatalytic response to H2O2 with significantly lower overpotentials for its oxidation and reduction and also exhibits a fast response and high sensitivity for the amperometric detection of H2O2. The novel vertically aligned CuO nanowires electrode is readily applicable to other analytes and has great potential applications in the electrochemical detection.
Amperometric Immunosensor for the Determination of α‐1‐Fetoprotein Based on Core‐Shell‐Shell Prussian Blue‐BSA‐Nanogold Functionalized Interface
Authors: Hong Chenglin , Yuan Ruo , Chai Yaqin , Zhuo Ying 
Published: August 2008

AbstractIn the present work, a newly functional nanoparticle has been prepared to immobilize the protein for the detection of α‐1‐fetoprotein (AFP). Prussian blue (PB) nanoparticle was initially synthesized under ultrasonic condition, then bovine serum albumin (BSA) was used to coat the PB nanoparticle to improve the stability of the PB nanoparticle as well as functionalize the surface of PB nanoparticle, and then gold colloids were loaded on the BSA‐coated PB nanoparticle to construct a core‐shell‐shell nanostructure via the conjunction of thiolate linkages or alkylamines of the BSA. Finally, a convenient, effective and sensitivity amperometric immunosensor for the detection of α‐1‐fetoprotein (AFP) was constructed by the employment of these functional core‐shell‐shell microspheres. The preparation of the nanoparticle (Au‐BSA‐PB NPs) was characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and the assembly of the biosensor was characterized with cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The dynamic range of the resulted immunosensor for the detection of AFP is from 0.02 ng/mL to 200.0 ng/mL with a detection limit of 0.006 ng/mL (S/N=3). Moreover, this biosensor displays good selectivity, stability and reproducibility.
Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Glucose at Carbon Nanotubes Supported PtRu Nanoparticles and Its Detection
Authors: Li Li‐Hua , Zhang Wei‐De , Ye Jian‐Shan 
Published: August 2008

AbstractPtRu nanoparticles were supported on multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs), which were further fabricated as an electrode for nonenzymatic glucose sensing. Transmission electron microscope and X‐ray diffraction patterns were used for characterization of the PtRu nanoparticles on MWNTs. Cyclic voltammetry and chronopotentiometry were applied to investigate the performance of the PtRu/MWNTs nanocomposite electrode for nonenzymatic oxidation of glucose. The PtRu/MWNTs electrode shows high electrocatalytic activity towards the oxidation of glucose in 0.1 M NaOH solution and thus can be used to selectively detect glucose. Under the optimal potential (+0.55 V vs. Ag/AgCl), the biosensor effectively performs a selective electrochemical analysis of glucose in the presence of common interferents, such as ascorbic acid (AA), dopamine (DP) and uric acid (UA). Wide linear calibration ranging from 1 mM to 15 mM, high sensitivity of 28.26 μA cm−2 mM−1, low detection limit of 2.5×10−5 M, and fast response time of 10 s were achieved for the detection of glucose at the PtRu/MWNTs electrode.
A Glucose Biosensor Based on Immobilization of Glucose Oxidase into 3D Macroporous TiO2
Authors: Cao Huimin , Zhu Yihua , Tang Longhua , Yang Xiaoling , Li Chunzhong 
Published: August 2008

Abstract3D macroporous TiO2 inverse opals have been derived from a sol‐gel procedure using polystyrene colloidal crystals as templates. EDS and SEM showed a face‐centered cubic (FCC) structure TiO2 inverse opal was obtained. Glucose oxidase (GOx) was successfully immobilized on the surface of indium‐tin oxide (ITO) electrode modified by TiO2 inverse opal (TiO2(IO)). Electrochemical properties of GOx/TiO2(IO)/ITO electrode were characterized by using the three electrodes system. The result of cyclic voltammetry showed that a couple of stable and well‐defined redox peaks for the direct electron transfer of GOx in absence of glucose, and the redox peak height enhanced in presence of 0.1 μM glucose. Compare with the ordinary structured GOx/TiO2/ITO electrode, inverse opal structured GOx/TiO2(IO)/ITO electrode has a better respond to the glucose concentration change. Under optimized experimental conditions of solution pH 6.8 and detection potential at 0.30 V versus saturated calomel electrode (SCE), amperometric measurements were performed. The sensitivity and the detection limit of glucose detection was 151 μA cm−2 mM−1 and 0.02 μM at a signal‐to‐noise ratio of 3, respectively. The good response was due to the good biocompatibility of TiO2 and the large effective surface of the three‐dimensionally ordered macroporous structure.
Die Gattung Ilex L. (Aquifoliaceae) im Paläogen von Mitteleuropa
Authors: Walther Harald , Kvaček Zlatko 
Published: August 2008

AbstractDie Gattung Ilex L. stellt im Paläogen (Unter‐ und Oberoligozän) Mitteleuropas ein wichtiges Akzessorium in der Waldvegetation (Mixed Mesophytic Forests) dar. Sie wird häufiger durch karpologische Belege seltener durch Blattreste nachgewiesen. Die Morphospecies lassen sich mit immergrünen rezenten Vertretern aus den miteinander verwandten Sektionen Ilex und Lioprinus Loes. der Gattung Ilex L. vergleichen. Die untersuchten fossilen Ilex ‐Blätter wurden zu Ilex castellii Kvaček & Walther gestellt. Diese Morphospecies ist aus dem paläogenen Florenkomplex Seifhennersdorf–Kundratice (32,7 bis 29,5 Millionen Jahre, Kvaček & Walther 2001) wie Kundratice (Nordböhmen) und Hammerunterwiesenthal (Sachsen), wie aus dem Florenkomplex Flörsheim–Nerchau (Mai 1995), wie Malá Veleň und Levínské Petrovice, Nordböhmen bekannt. Aus dem Fundort Hammerunterwiesenthal wurden sie erstmalig in Turbiditen aus einer unreifen Maarfüllung in räumlicher Erhaltung nachgewiesen. Das bisher südlichste Vorkommen dieser Art stammt aus dem Braunkohlenbecken von Trbovlje (Trifail) Slovenien – Florenkomplex Kiscell (Kvaček & Walther 2001), Unteroligozän. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Buxus‐ (Buxaceen) Pollenformen aus alttertiären Ablagerungen Mitteleuropas und ihre paläochorologische Bedeutung
Authors: Krutzsch Wilfried 
Published: August 2008

AbstractEs werden sechs Grundtypen von fossilen „buxoiden”︁ Pollenformen behandelt; vier von ihnen sind Neubeschreibungen (Irregularispollis, gen. nov. et sp. nova,Transmorphopollis, gen. nov. et sp. nova,Tritricolporopollis, gen. nov. et sp. nova undPentatricolporopollis, gen. nov. et sp. nova), eine der beiden schon bestehenden Pollengattungen wird emendiert(Nagyipollis). Auf die bisher vor allem im Alttertiär Mitteleuropas ermittelte Formenfülle wird hingewiesen und ihre Verbreitung in zeitlicher und räumlicher Hinsicht wird diskutiert, dabei wird auf eine Reihe wichtiger bisheriger Fossilhinweise der Literatur kritisch eingegangen. Die fossilen „buxoiden”︁ Pollenformen werden den jeweiligen rezenten Vertretern, d.h. den bestehenden (bisherigen) subgenera bzw. den entsprechenden Pollen‐Morphotypen zugeordnet. Die GattungBuxusinsgesamt wird einem kurzen paläochorologischen Diskurs unterzogen, wobei auch die Stellung der gesamten Familie Buxaceen in Hinblick auf die Differentiation der Pollenformen mit einbezogen wird, inklusive der Hinweise auf noch ältere oberkretazische Pollenausbildungen. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Bemerkungen zuMetasequoiaMiki ex Hu & Cheng und persönliche Erinnerungen an Werner Rothmaler
Authors: Daber Rudolf 
Published: August 2008

AbstractDie Mikrosporophylle vonMetasequoia glyptostroboidesHu & Cheng sind peltat und tragen vier gelbe Pollensäcke, die am unteren Rand des sehr dünnen Sporophylls angeheftet sind. Intensiv grün gefärbte Zellen kennzeichnen den mittleren Teil des sonst völlig farblosen Sporophylls – offenbar steuert diese Assimilationstätigkeit die kurze Zeit des Frühjahrswachstums des fertilen Teils des Sporophyllzapfens. Dieser wird üblicherweise nur in ovaler Form abgebildet und beschrieben, ist aber ausgereift schließlich lang gestreckt. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Die Ackerbohne (Vicia fabaL.) in Mitteleuropa als Kulturpflanze seit der späten Bronzezeit
Authors: Jäger Klaus‐Dieter 
Published: August 2008

AbstractEin wesentlicher Teil der umfangreichen Bemühungen von Werner Rothmaler um die Reaktivierung botanischer Forschungen in Deutschland nach dem II. Weltkrieg zielte auf Fortführung und Wiederbelebung paläoethnobotanischer Untersuchungen. Besonderes Interesse galt dabei dem Altbestand an mitteleuropäischen Kulturpflanzen mit Anbautradition seit dem Neolithikum.Als spätere Einbürgerung fiel dabei die Ackerbohne (Vicia fabaL.) auf, die das Spektrum seit der Bronzezeit erweitert.Eine Neukartierung datierter Fundortnachweise belegt und präzisiert diese Datierung und erlaubt Erörterung über Ursachen und Besonderheiten der Ausbreitungsgeschichte (Urnenfelderbewegung der späten Bronzezeit im Subboreal). (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Auf dem Weg zu einer Monographie der Gattung Alchemilla L. (Rosaceae)
Authors: Fröhner Sigurd E. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractWerner Rothmaler hat als Erster auf eine Monographie der Gattung Alchemilla hingearbeitet. Die Weiterführung des abgebrochenen Weges wird an den wichtigsten Publikationen der folgenden Zeit dargestellt. Auf retardierende Elemente in der fortschreitenden Beschäftigung mit der Gattung, gar Widersprüche, wird besonders hingewiesen – als Chance zu vertiefter Einsicht. Es folgen Überlegungen über Inhalt und Vielseitigkeit einer Monographie. Besonderer Wert wird auf genau und hilfreich erarbeitete Bestimmungsschlüssel und verantwortungsvolle Kartierungsarbeit gelegt. Als hohes Ziel wird die Erhaltung der Gattung in der Natur dargestellt. Die Aussichten, heute auf eine Monographie der Gattung hinzusteuern, werden skeptisch bewertet. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Atriplex praecox Hülph. und Atriplex longipes Drejer (Chenopodiaceae) in morphologischer Betrachtung
Authors: Krisch Haubold 
Published: August 2008

AbstractAtriplex praecox, entdeckt an der vorpommerschen Boddenküste (Ostsee), wird verglichen mit Atriplex longipes. Der Bauplan beider Arten wird bestimmt von einem Unterbau mit Verzweigung und dekussierter Beblätterung an den ersten vier Knoten sowie durch eine Übergangszone mit Auflösung der zweigliedrigen Wirtel und disperser Beblätterung. Diese subflorale Zone ist mit vier Blättern gut entwickelt bei A. longipes, bei A. praecox aber kann sie fehlen. Viele Beisprosse, reduziert zu einblütigen Scheinblüten mit großen, laubblattähnlichen Vorblättern, kennzeichnen A. longipes, spielen aber für A. praecox keine Rolle. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Durable and rechargeable biocidal polypropylene polymers and fibers prepared by using reactive extrusion
Authors: Badrossamay Mohammad Reza , Sun Gang 
Published: August 2008

AbstractIncorporation of N‐halamine precursor onto polypropylene was explored by using a reactive extrusion process. Several cyclic and acyclic halamine precursors were grafted onto polypropylene backbone through a melt free radical graft copolymerization. The structures and morphology of the grafted polymer were characterized with FTIR, and scanning electron microscope. Thermal properties of the polymers were evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry. The halogenated products of the corresponding grafted samples exhibited potent antimicrobial properties against Escherichia coli, and the antimicrobial properties were durable and regenerable. The relationship between effective surface contact and biocidal efficacy are further discussed. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2009
CD38 is constitutively expressed in the nucleus of human hematopoietic cells
Authors: Orciani M. , Trubiani O. , Guarnieri S. , Ferrero E. , Di Primio R. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractCD38 is a type II glycoprotein that acts both as a bifunctional enzyme, responsible for the synthesis and hydrolysis of cyclic ADP‐ribose, and as a signal‐transducing surface receptor. Although CD38 was originally described as a plasma membrane molecule, several reports indicate that CD38 is expressed in the nucleus, even in cells known to be CD38 surface‐negative. In this study, firstly we investigated the presence of nuclear CD38 by immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy using a panel of hematopoietic cell lines that exhibit different levels of CD38 plasma membrane expression. Our second aim was to explore the relationship between the nuclear and plasma membrane forms of CD38 in human cell lines which represent discrete early maturation stages of the human lymphoid and myeloid compartments. Our results indicate that CD38 is constitutively present in the nucleus of cells belonging to distinct lineages. Furthermore, nuclear CD38 appears to be independent of the plasma membrane pool. The presence of nuclear CD38 during different stages of hematopoietic differentiation suggests that it may play a role in the control of nuclear Ca2+ homeostasis and NAD levels. J. Cell. Biochem. 105: 905–912, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Weight choosability of graphs
Authors: Bartnicki Tomasz , Grytczuk Jarosław , Niwczyk Stanisław 
Published: August 2008

AbstractSuppose the edges of a graph G are assigned 3‐element lists of real weights. Is it possible to choose a weight for each edge from its list so that the sums of weights around adjacent vertices were different? We prove that the answer is positive for several classes of graphs, including complete graphs, complete bipartite graphs, and trees (except K2). The argument is algebraic and uses permanents of matrices and Combinatorial Nullstellensatz. We also consider a directed version of the problem. We prove by an elementary argument that for digraphs the answer to the above question is positive even with lists of size two. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 60: 242–256, 2009
Endophytic population of Pantoea agglomerans in citrus plants and development of a cloning vector for endophytes
Authors: Andreote Fernando D. , Rossetto Priscilla B. , Souza Leonardo C. A. , Marcon Joelma , Maccheroni Walter , Azevedo João L. , Araújo Welington L. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractHarmless bacteria inhabiting inner plant tissues are termed endophytes. Population fluctuations in the endophytic bacterium Pantoea agglomerans associated with two species of field cultured citrus plants were monitored over a two‐year period. The results demonstrated that populations of P. agglomerans fluctuated in Citrus reticulata but not C. sinensis. A cryptic plasmid pPA3.0 (2.9 kb) was identified in 35 out of 44 endophytic isolates of P. agglomerans and was subsequently sequenced. The origins of replication were identified and nine out of 18 open reading frames (ORFs) revealed homology with described proteins. Notably, two ORFs were related to cellular transport systems and plasmid maintenance. Plasmid pPA3.0 was cloned and the gfp gene inserted to generate the pPAGFP vector. The vector was introduced into P. agglomerans isolates and revealed stability was dependent on the isolate genotype, ninety‐percent stability values were reached after 60 hours of bacterial cultivation in most evaluated isolates. In order to definitively establish P. agglomerans as an endophyte, the non‐transformed bacterium was reintroduced into in vitro cultivated seedlings and the density of inner tissue colonization in inoculated plants was estimated by bacterium re‐isolation, while the tissue niches preferred by the bacterium were investigated by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). Cells from P. agglomerans (strain ARB18) at similar densities were re‐isolated from roots, stems and leaves and colonization of parenchyma and xylem tissues were observed. Data suggested that P. agglomerans is a ubiquitous citrus endophyte harboring cryptic plasmids. These characteristics suggest the potential to use the bacterium as a vehicle to introduce new genes in host plants via endophytic bacterial transformation. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Investigation of extracellular elastase, acid proteinase and phospholipase activities as putative virulence factors in clinical isolates of Aspergillus species
Authors: Alp Sehnaz , Arikan Sevtap 
Published: August 2008

AbstractWe investigated the production of extracellular elastase, acid proteinase and phospholipase enzyme activities in clinical isolates of Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger and any possible correlation between the existence of these enzymes and development of invasive aspergillosis. A total of 73 strains (45 A. fumigatus, 23 A. flavus, 5 A. niger) isolated from patients with invasive aspergillosis (n = 55), superficial aspergillosis (n = 5), allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (n = 1), and from those colonized with Aspergillus (n = 12) were included in the study. The enzymatic activities were tested on solid media supplemented with the corresponding substrates. Elastase activity was detected in 95.6, 82.6, and 0% of A. fumigatus, A. flavus, and A. niger isolates, respectively. Acid proteinase activity was detected only for A. fumigatus and in 20 of 45 isolates belonging to this species. Phospholipase activity was present in all strains of A. fumigatus and A. niger but in none of the isolates of A. flavus. No statistical correlation could be established between the existence of elastase or acid proteinase activity and development of invasive disease (p > 0.05). While high phospholipase production was found to be associated with development of invasive aspergillosis (p < 0.01), not all isolates that caused invasive diseases showed high phospholipase activities. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Development of a defined medium for heterologous expression in Leishmania tarentolae
Authors: Fritsche Claudia , Sitz Mandy , Wolf Marco , Pohl Hans‐Dieter 
Published: August 2008

AbstractA defined medium is essential for studying nutritional requirements of microorganisms and for selective supplementation of necessary substances. Hemin is an essential ingredient for growth of Leishmania tarentolae, but tends to precipitate in aqueous solutions without further stabilization. These aggregates disturb the measurement of the optical density or the cell density and the following downstream processing. Therefore, we were looking for stabilizing substances and established a PEG‐hemin‐solution, which avoided flocculation and allowed the cultivation of L. tarentolae in a medium, which we termed SFP(II) medium. With addition of RNA from Saccharomyces cerevisiae to SFP(II) medium the SFP(III) medium was established. In this medium, the specific cell division rate was increased (0.103 h–1) and stable for longer periods of time. The evaluation of the SFP(III) medium was done in shaker flasks by successful expression and segregation of the SAG2 protein, one of the main surface antigens of Toxoplasma gondii. With establishment and evaluation of this defined medium, the status of the Leishmania tarentolae expression system as an alternative to commonly used cell cultures is supported. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Organic solvent tolerance of Halobacterium sp. SP1(1) and its extracellular protease
Authors: Akolkar Aparna V. , Deshpande Gauravi M. , Raval Kandarp N. , Durai Deepa , Nerurkar Anuradha S. , Desai Anjana J. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractHalophilic archaea belonging to three different genera‐ Halobacterium, Haloarcula and Haloferax, were isolated from Kandla salt pans. The isolates had an optimum requirement of 25% NaCl for growth. Increase in organic solvent tolerance of isolates was observed at higher NaCl concentrations. Among the three isolates Halobacterium sp. SP1(1) was found to be more tolerant than Haloarcula sp. SP2(2) and Haloferax sp. SP1(2a). The extracellular protease of Halobacterium sp. SP1(1) showed higher solvent tolerance compared to the organism itself. The enzyme was highly tolerant to toluene, xylene, n‐decane, n‐dodecane and n‐undecane, majority of which are frequently used in paints. These findings may help in understanding the mechanism of organic solvent tolerance in halophilic archaea and their application in antifouling coatings. Also, best to our knowledge the present study is the first report on organic solvent tolerance of haloarchaeal extracellular protease. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)