bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The interactive effect of attention control and the perceptions of others' entitlement behavior on job and health outcomes
Authors: Hochwarter Wayne A. , Meurs James A. , Perrewé Pamela L. , Todd Royle M. , Matherly Timothy A. 
Published: June 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this research is to examine how attention control moderates the relationship between perceptions of others' entitlement behavior and employee attitudinal, behavioral, and health outcomes.Design/methodology/approachIn study 1, data were collected from 309 employees of a municipality. In the second study, the independent and dependent variables were collected two months apart (and matched) from 584 individuals working in a range of occupations and organizations.FindingsPerceived entitlement behavior was associated with increased tension and depressed mood at work and decreased satisfaction and citizenship for employees low in attention control.Research limitations/implicationsThe exclusive use of data collected via a survey methodology is a limitation. However, tests of multicollinearity offered no evidence of method inflation. Future research should expand the scope of conceptualization to consider both individual difference (i.e. mood, affect) and contextual (i.e. justice, equity) factors when considering the effects of the perceptions of others' entitlement behavior and attention control on work outcomes.Practical implicationsBy having the ability to better regulate attention, the negative effects of the entitled behavior of others are minimized. Attention control can be learned or improved, and employers should attempt to develop this ability. Managers may also find it useful to find out why some employees act entitled while others do not.Originality/valueThis is the first study to examine the interrelationship between the perceptions of others' entitlement behavior and attention control in actual work settings. Hence, gaps in multiple bodies of literature (i.e. stress and wellbeing, organizational behavior, psychology, cognitive science) are addressed.
Design and business: why can
'
t we be friends?
Authors: Martin Roger 
Published: June 2007

Purpose
– As design becomes more important for business, designers and business people need to work together more. However, they tend to find the relationship difficult, challenging and less productive than either side would wish. The purpose of this paper is to help both designers and business people work more productively with one another.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper identifies the underlying schism between validity, which is favored by designers, and reliability, which is favored by business people, as the source of the relationship conflict. It then uses the key attributes of validity and reliability to form recommendations for each side to deal better with their counterparts.

Findings
– There are five practical and actionable things that designers can do to work better with business people and five equivalent things that business people can do to work better with designers.

Originality/value
– Currently, neither business people nor designers have a productive or coherent theory as to why their counterparts behave in ways that appear to them to be unproductive. To fill the theory gap, they tend to think badly of their counterparts. This paper provides both sides a productive theory of the other and a prescription for utilizing the theory to promote more productive collaboration.
Abduction: a pre-condition for the intelligent design of strategy
Authors: Dew Nicholas 
Published: June 2007

Purpose
– This paper seeks to introduce the concept of abduction to strategists and show how abduction is an important influence on the effective design of strategies.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper defines what is meant by abduction, and describes why abduction is a pre-condition for intelligent designing. It reviews different characteristics of abduction, and suggests several situations in which abduction is used in strategic thinking. It describes a framework managers can use to get better at abductive thinking.

Findings
– The paper finds that strategists can gain a lot from knowing how to use abduction well. Abduction is making inferences to the best explanation from information that is surprising or anomalous – both very typical in strategic decision making. Abduction is frequently integral to problem defining. Problem defining, in turn, sets the stage for possibility thinking, and choice of the best alternative. Therefore, good abductive thinking is a pre-condition for intelligent designing in strategy.

Originality/value
– The paper shows that abduction is of practical relevance to business strategists, just as much as it is for the practice of law and medicine – two professions that have traditionally put it to effective use.
Corporate governance: a paradigmatic look
Authors: Ardalan Kavous 
Published: June 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present a paradigmatic look at corporate governance.Design/methodology/approachThis paper starts with the premise that any worldview can be associated with one of the four basic paradigms: functionalist, interpretive, radical humanist, and radical structuralist. The paper looks at the current state of mainstream academic finance and notes that it is founded only on the functionalist paradigm. It argues that any view expressed with respect to corporate governance is based on one of the four paradigms or worldviews. It, therefore, discusses four views expressed with respect to the nature and role of corporate governance.FindingsThe paper emphasizes that the four views expressed are equally scientific and informative; they look at the nature and role of corporate governance from a certain paradigmatic viewpoint. Emphasizing this example in the area of corporate governance, the paper concludes that there are opportunities for mainstream academic finance, in general, and corporate governance, in particular, to benefit from contributions coming from the other three paradigms if they respect paradigm diversity.Originality/valueThe paper recommends a serious conscious thinking about the social philosophy upon which finance, in general, and corporate governance, in particular, is based and of the alternative avenues for development.
Gender differences in occupational status in the South Korean labor market: 1988‐1998
Authors: Turner Charlie G. , Monk‐Turner Elizabeth 
Published: June 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine gender differences in occupational status among South Korean workers in 1988 and 1998. In 1988, the South Korean National Assembly enacted an Equal Employment Opportunity Act. The goal is to better understand how occupational status differs by gender between these time periods.Design/methodology/approachUsing the “88 and 98 Occupational Wage Bargaining Survey on the Actual Condition (OWS),” the paper examines occupational differences by gender and log wage using OLS.FindingsOccupational segregation by gender was more extreme in 1988 than 1998. In 1988, 83.3 percent of all female workers were employed in three broad occupational categories. Few women (5.4 percent) worked as professional, technical or administrative workers. By 1998, 11.5 percent of female workers were employed as professionals. The highest paid occupational categories, in South Korea, have the lowest percentage of female workers. Women benefit from additional educational experience, though less so than holds for men, and from being in a union (in 1988). Women are penalized, in terms of occupational status prestige, when working in large firms and when married.Practical implicationsIf South Korea aims to make full use of the human capital of all workers, measures need to address how women might enjoy returns on their educational investment that approach those realized by men. Further, efforts to integrate women into professional occupations categories might be examined.Originality/valueLittle has been explored with regard to occupational gender differences in South Korea. This work provides a better understanding of occupational status differences by gender and how they vary across time.
Perfectly matched layers for T, Φ formulation
Authors: Matzenauer Gernot , Bíro´ Oszka´r , Hollaus Karl , Preis Kurt , Renhart Werner 
Published: June 2007

PurposePerfectly matched layers (PMLs) are used for reflectionless truncation of the problem boundaries in finite element methods applications. In this paper, the method of PMLs is extended to truncate any lossless medium and the method is implemented for the T formulation.Design/methodology/approachThe basic concept behind PMLs is to create an artificial material with a complex and diagonal anisotropic permittivity and permeability. For the A, V formulation PMLs are well known.FindingsIt is shown that it is possible to truncate any linear lossless material with PML layers, and if the material has small losses the PML works fine.Originality/valueIn the present paper, an artificial anisotropic lossy material is applied to a 3D edge finite‐element T, formulation to form perfectly matched layers.
Transmission line meshes for computational simulation of electromagnetic modes in the Earth's atmosphere
Authors: Morente Juan A. , Portí Jorge A. , Blanchard Cedric , Besser Bruno P. , Lichtenegger Herbert I.M. , Salinas Alfonso , Navarro Enrique A. , Molina‐Cuberos Gregorio J. 
Published: June 2007

PurposeTwo transmission line meshes to simulate electromagnetic waves in the Earth's atmosphere are developed, one with the link transmission lines connected in parallel and the other with connections in series.Design/methodology/approachThe equations describing propagation of waves through these parallel or series meshes are equivalent to the Maxwell equations for TEr or TMr modes in a spherical cavity with lossy dielectric material between the external conducting surfaces, respectively.FindingsThe transmission line meshes are used for a numerical study of the natural electromagnetic noise due to lightning discharges in the Earth‐ionosphere cavity.Originality/valueThe numerical algorithm finds values for Schumann resonances very close to the experimental ones, which allows us to affirm that this methodology is a valid numerical tool for predicting these resonances on other planets or moons as well.
Influence of the discretization error on the reconstruction accuracy in electrical capacitance tomography
Authors: Watzenig Daniel , Steiner Gerald , Fuchs Anton , Zangl Hubert , Brandstätter Bernhard 
Published: June 2007

PurposeThe investigation of the influence of the modeling error on the solution of the inverse problem given uncertain measured data in electrical capacitance tomography (ECT).Design/methodology/approachThe solution of the nonlinear inverse problem in ECT and hence, the obtainable accuracy of the reconstruction result, highly depends on the numerical modeling of the forward map and on the required regularization. The inherent discretization error propagates through the forward map, the solution of the inverse problem, the subsequent calculation of process parameters and properties and may lead to a substantial estimation error. Within this work different finite element meshes are compared in terms of obtainable reconstruction accuracy. In order to characterize the reconstruction results, two error measures are introduced, a relative integral error and the relative error in material fraction. In addition, the influence of the measurement noise given different meshes is investigated from the statistical point of view using repeated measurements.FindingsThe modeling error, the degree of regularization, and measurement uncertainties are the determining and limiting factors for the obtainable reconstruction accuracy of electrical tomography systems. The impact of these key influence factors on the calculation of process properties given both synthetic as well as measured data is quantified. Practical implications – The obtained results show that especially for measured data, the variability in calculated parameters strongly depends on the efforts put on the forward modeling, i.e. on an appropriate finite element mesh size. Hence, an investigation of the modeling error is highly recommended when real‐world tomography problems have to be solved.Originality/valueThe results presented in this work clearly show how the modeling error as well as inherent measurement uncertainties influence the solution of the inverse problem and the posterior calculation of certain parameters like void fraction in process tomography.
3D topology optimization using an immune algorithm
Authors: Campelo Felipe , Watanabe Kota , Igarashi Hajime 
Published: June 2007

PurposeThe paper introduces an evolutionary algorithm based on the artificial immune systems paradigm for topology optimization (TO) in 3D.Design/methodology/approachThe 3D TO algorithm is described, and experimentally validated on an electromagnetic design problem.FindingsThe proposed method is capable of finding an optimal configuration for the validation problem used.Research limitations/implicationsMore tests are needed in order to fully assert the capabilities of the algorithm. Moreover, further improvements are needed in order to obtain smoother topologies at the end of the optimization procedure.Practical implicationsThe paper presents a novel tool for the design of electromagnetic devices, using a TO approach.Originality/valueSo far most of the TO algorithms did not tackle true 3D problems, and the ones capable of 3D optimization do it at high computational costs. The algorithm presented here is capable of true 3D design at a reasonable computational budget.
A perturbation finite element method for modeling moving conductive and magnetic regions without remeshing
Authors: Dular Patrick , Sabariego Ruth V. 
Published: June 2007

PurposeTo develop a sub‐domain perturbation technique for efficiently modeling moving systems in magnetodynamics with a magnetic field h‐conform finite element (FE) formulation.Design/methodology/approachA reference problem is first solved in a global mesh excluding some moving regions and thus avoiding the inclusion of their meshes. Its solution gives the sources for a sequence of perturbation problems with the supplementary moving magnetic and conductive regions. Each of these sub‐problems requires an appropriate proper volume mesh of the associated moving region and its surrounding region, with no need of interconnection. The solutions are transferred from one problem to the other through projections of source fields between meshes.FindingsThe consideration of sub‐problems and associated sources, in a sequence of perturbation problems, leads to a significant speed‐up of the repetitive solutions in analyses of moving systems. A free movement in any direction can be considered with no need of remeshing.Originality/valueWhen working with the perturbation fields, the volume sources can be limited to the moving regions, what allows for homogeneous perturbation boundary conditions and reduces the computational efforts for projecting and evaluating the sources. The curl‐conformity of the unknown magnetic field is preserved during the whole process thanks to the use of edge FEs for both the magnetic field and the intermediate source quantities. The sub‐problem approach also gives an easy way to directly express the time derivatives in moving frames.
Efficient design analysis of a novel magnetic gear on a high performance computer
Authors: Hafla Wolfgang , Buchau André , Rucker Wolfgang M. , Weinläder Andreas , Klotz Benjamin 
Published: June 2007

PurposeAims to show that efficiency and accuracy of integral equation methods (IEMs) in combination with the fast multipole method for the design of a novel magnetic gear.Design/methodology/approachA novel magnetic gear was developed. Magnetic fields and torque of the gear were simulated based on IEMs. The fast multipole method was applied to compress the matrix of the belonging linear system of equations. A computer cluster was used to achieve numerical results within an acceptable time. A three‐dimensional post‐processing and visualization of magnetic fields enables a deep understanding of the gear.FindingsIEMs are very well suited for the numerical analysis of a magnetic gear. Especially, the treatment of the air gap between the rotating components, which move with significant varying velocities, is relatively easy. Furthermore, a correct computation and visualization of flux lines is possible. A magnetic gear is advantageous for high rotational velocities.Research limitations/implicationsA quasi static numerical simulation has sufficed for an understanding of the principle of the magnetic gear and for the development of a prototype.Practical implicationsIEMs are very suitable for the analysis of complex problems with moving parts. Nowadays, the efficiency is very good even for large problems, since matrix compression techniques are well‐engineered.Originality/valueThe design of a novel magnetic gear is discussed. Well‐known techniques like IEMs, fast multipole method and parallel computing are combined to solve a very large and complex problem.
Electromagnetically excited audible noise – evaluation and optimization of electrical machines by numerical simulation
Authors: Schlensok C. , Schmülling B. , van der Giet M. , Hameyer K. 
Published: June 2007

PurposeDisturbing vibrations and noise of electrical machines are gaining impact. The paper aims to focus on the necessity of estimating the electromagnetic, structure‐dynamical, and acoustic behaviour of the machine during designing and before proto‐typing.Design/methodology/approachAn adequate tool is numerical simulation applying the finite‐element method (FEM) and the boundary‐element method (BEM) allowing for the structured analysis and evaluation of audible noise also caused by manufacturing tolerances.FindingsThe simulated results show good accordance to measurement results. The methods and simulation tools allow the analysis and evaluation of every type of energy converter with respect to its electromagnetic, structure‐dynamical and acoustic behaviour.Originality/valueThe methods developed and proved can be applied to any electromagnetic device in general.
de Rham currents in discrete electromagnetism
Authors: Auchmann B. , Kurz S. 
Published: June 2007

PurposeTo describe and extend existing concepts of discrete electromagnetism in a unified formalism; to give examples for the usefulness of the presented ideas for our theoretical work, especially with regard to energy.Design/methodology/approachAfter a concise introduction to the mathematical concepts of discrete electromagnetism, we introduce continuous de Rham currents and give their discrete counterpart. We define operators acting upon discrete currents, and apply the theory to electromagnetism.Findingsde Rham current theory yields a mathematical framework for the discussion of discrete electromagnetic problems: The focus is on energy‐balance equations; a discrete Lagrangian can be defined for various modeling problems; the Galerkin approach fits nicely into the proposed formalism; boundary terms in discrete formulations are an implicit feature to the theory.Research limitations/implicationsIn this paper, we use the interpolation of discrete fields by Whitney forms on a simplicial cell complex. The resulting discrete formulation is identical to a Galerkin finite‐element method. Other numerical techniques that do not resort to Whitney‐form interpolation can equally be discussed in de Rham‐current terminology.Originality/valueRather than a novel numerical technique, the paper presents a unified mathematical framework for the discussion of different practical approaches. We advocate a canonical treatment of energy‐related quantities and of boundary terms in discrete formulations.
Error control schemes for adaptive time integration of magnetodynamic systems with variable spatial mesh resolution
Authors: Wimmer Georg , Steinmetz Thorsten , Clemens Markus 
Published: June 2007

PurposeA combination of both time step adaptivity and spatial mesh adaptivity is presented for transient magneto‐quasistatic fields.Design/methodology/approachError controlled time step adaptivity is achieved using an implicit integration scheme and the spatial mesh resolution is adapted in each time step in order to effectively resolve the appearing and disappearing local transient saturation effects and eddy current layers. Two spatial refinement strategies are considered, the red‐green refinement leading to a regular mesh and the red refinement leading to an irregular mesh. Numerical results for 2d nonlinear magneto‐dynamic problems are presented.FindingsAn algorithm is proposed which computes the solution of a transient magnetostatic problem given a user prescribed error tolerance for the time stepping and the spatial refinement. The red refinement leading to irregular meshes requires projection techniques in the iterative conjugate gradient solver. However, the algorithm with red‐green refinement turns out to perform faster since the projection is too expensive.Originality/valueThe combination of error controlled time stepping and spatial adaptivity is firstly established in electromagnetic field computation.
Investigation of load noise generation of large power transformer by means of coupled 3D FEM analysis
Authors: Ertl Michael , Landes Hermann 
Published: June 2007

PurposeThis paper aims to present a 3D numerical analysis of the load noise generation associated with large, oil immersed three‐phase power transformers.Design/methodology/approachAfter studying the mechanical behavior of the winding structures of transformers, the results of coupled magneto‐mechanical simulations are presented.FindingsAn appropriate modeling strategy of the vibratory winding structures of transformers is necessary to reduce complexity and computational resources.Originality/valueThe presented model setup describes a fully transient, 3D coupled magneto‐mechanical simulation of the vibratory winding structure of large power transformers.
Design of an electromagnetic actuator for parametric stiffness excitation
Authors: Schmidt Erich , Paradeiser Wolfgang , Dohnal Fadi , Ecker Horst 
Published: June 2007

PurposeAn overview is given on design features, numerical modelling and testing of a novel electromagnetic actuator to achieve a controllable stiffness to be used as a device for parametric stiffness excitation.Design/methodology/approachIn principle, the actuator consists of a current driven coil placed between two permanent magnets. Repellent forces are generated between the coil and the magnets, centering the coil between the two magnets. The 2D finite element analyses are carried out to predict the forces generated by this arrangement depending on coil current and coil position. Force measurements are also made using the actual device.FindingsActuator forces as predicted by the finite element analyses are in excellent agreement with the measured data, confirming the validity of the numerical model. Stiffness of the actuator is defined as the increase of force per unit of coil displacement. Actuator stiffness depends linearly on the coil current but in a nonlinear manner on the coil displacement. The performance of the actuator is sufficient to demonstrate the effect of a so‐called parametric anti‐resonance on a test stand.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough the performance of the actuator is satisfactory, there is potential for further improvement of the actuator design.Originality/valueThis paper reports for the first time on an electromechanical device to create a time‐periodic stiffness variation to be used for research in the field of parametrically excited mechanical systems. The device is used to prove experimentally an effect to suppress mechanical vibrations which has been studied so far only in theoretical studies.