bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of device detected atrial and ventricular tachyarrhythmia with adverse events in patients with an implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator
Authors: Abbas Hassan , Younis Arwa , Goldenberg Ilan , McNitt Scott , Aktas Mehmet K. , Tabaja Chadi , Ojo Amole 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIntroductionHeart failure patients with a history of atrial fibrillation (AF) and ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation (VT/VF) are known to have worse outcomes. However, there are limited data on the temporal relationship between development of these arrhythmias and the risk of subsequent congestive heart failure (CHF) exacerbation and death.MethodsThe study cohort comprised 5511 patients implanted with an implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator (ICD) in landmark clinical trials (MADIT‐II, MADIT‐RISK, MADIT‐CRT, MADIT‐RIT, and RAID) who were in sinus rhythm at enrollment. Multivariate cox analysis was performed to evaluate the time‐dependent association between development of in‐trial device detected AF and VT/VF with subsequent CHF exacerbation and death.ResultsMultivariate analysis showed that AF occurrence and VT/VF occurrence were both associated with a similar magnitude of risk for subsequent CHF exacerbation (HR = 1.73 and 1.87 respectively, p < .001 for both). In contrast, only in‐trial VT/VF was associated with a significant > two‐fold increase in the risk of subsequent mortality (HR = 2.13, p < .001) whereas AF occurrence was not associated with a significant mortality increase after adjustment for in‐trial VT/VF (HR = 1.36, p = .096).ConclusionOur findings from a large cohort of ICD recipients enrolled in landmark clinical trials show that device detected AF and VT/VF can be used to identify patients with increased risk for CHF exacerbation and mortality. These findings suggest a need for early intervention in CHF patients who develop device‐detected atrial and ventricular tachyarrhythmias.
YAP/TAZ‐TEAD signalling axis: A new therapeutic target in malignant pleural mesothelioma
Authors: Papavassiliou Kostas A. , Sofianidi Amalia A. , Papavassiliou Athanasios G. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe Hippo signalling pathway, a highly conserved signalling cassette, regulates organ size by controlling cell growth, apoptosis and stem cell self‐renewal. The tumourigenic potential of this pathway is largely attributed to the activity of YAP/TAZ, which activate the TEAD1‐4 transcription factors, leading to the expression of genes involved in cell proliferation and suppression of cell death. Aberrant regulation of the YAP/TAZ‐TEAD signalling axis is commonly observed in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), an insidious neoplasm of the pleural tissue that lines the chest cavity and covers the lungs with poor prognosis. Given the limited effectiveness of current treatments, targeting the YAP/TAZ‐TEAD signalling cascade has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy in MPM. Several inhibitors of the YAP/TAZ‐TEAD signalling axis are presently undergoing clinical development, with the goal of advancing them to clinical use in the near future.
A literature review and expert consensus statement on diagnostics in suspected metal implant allergy
Authors: Thomas P. , Arenberger P. , Bader R. , Bircher A. J. , Bruze M. , de Graaf N. , Hartmann D. , Johansen J. D. , Jonitz‐Heincke A. , Krenn V. , Kurek M. , Odgaard A. , Rustemeyer T. , Summer B. , Thyssen J. P. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundAlthough rare, allergic reactions to metal implants represent a diagnostic challenge in view of missing guidelines.ObjectivesTo develop an European expert consensus on characteristics of metal allergy reactions and the utility of various diagnostic tools in suspected metal implant allergy.MethodsA nominal group technique (NGT) was applied to develop consensus statements. Initially an online literature database was created on a secure server to enable a comprehensive information. Twenty‐three statements were formulated on potential aspects of metal implant allergy with a focus on diagnostics and grouped into five domains. For the consensus development, the panel of 12 experts initially did refine and reformulate those statements that were ambiguous or had unclear wording. By face‐to‐face (9/12) or virtual participation (3/12), an anonymous online voting was performed.ResultsConsensus (≥80% of agreement) was reached in 20/23 statements. The panel agreed that implant allergy despite being rare should be considered in case of persistent unexplained symptoms. It was, however, recommended to allow adequate time for resolution of symptoms associated with healing and integration of an implant. Obtaining questionnaire‐aided standardized medical history and standardized scoring of patient outcomes was also considered an important step by all experts There was broad consensus regarding the utility/performance of patch testing with additional late reading. It was recognized that the lymphocyte transformation test (LTT) has to many limitations to be generally recommended. Prior to orthopaedic implant, allergy screening of patients without a history of potential allergy to implant components was not recommended.ConclusionsUsing an expert consensus process, statements concerning allergy diagnostics in suspected metal implant allergy were created. Areas of nonconsensus were identified, stressing uncertainty among the experts around topics such as preoperative testing in assumed allergy, histological correlate of periimplant allergy and in vitro testing, which underscores the need for further research.
Innate lymphoid cell subsets in the pathogenesis of primary biliary cholangitis
Authors: Liu Yansheng , Hu Yinan , Li Bo , Su Rui , Han Zheyi , Jin Boquan , Li Ting , Zheng Xiaohong , Han Ying 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackground and AimPrimary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is an autoimmune liver disease characterized by destructive lymphocytic cholangitis and specific anti‐mitochondrial antibodies. Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) have been reported to play a role in liver homeostasis and autoimmunity.MethodsWe evaluated the features of peripheral ILC1s and ILC3 in patients with PBC and hepatic ILC1 and ILC3 in two different PBC mouse models (dominant‐negative transforming growth factor‐beta receptor II [dnTGFβRII] and 2‐octynoic acid‐bovine serum albumin [2OA‐BSA]).ResultsA total of 115 patients and 18 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Decreased circulating ILC1/3s were observed in early‐stage PBC patients, and the numbers of ILC1/3s were negatively correlated with specific parameters and the proportion of T‐helper (Th) 1 and Th17 cells. Reduced numbers of ILC1s were observed in PBC mouse models with different etiologies. ILC1‐deficient mice had more severe hepatic inflammation after inducing the 2OA‐BSA model. Continuous low‐dose injections of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) reduced ILC1 levels in mice, consistent with the lower level of ILC1s in PBC patients with high LPS (> 50 ng/mL), and aggravated hepatic lymphocyte infiltration.ConclusionPatients with PBC had decreased ILC1s, which were negatively correlated with CD4+ T cells. Deficient ILC1 populations led to disease exacerbations in mice. Our results indicated that ILC1s may participate in the pathogenesis of PBC.
Patients with mesothelioma and their carer's experience of diet and appetite: A qualitative insight from the Help‐Meso Study
Authors: Dismore Lorelle L. , Taylor Leah L. , Aujayeb Avinash , Hurst Christopher , Swainston Katherine 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundPeople living with mesothelioma have a high symptom burden that can affect dietary intake and the development of malnutrition, subsequently impacting on patient‐related and treatment outcomes. The present study aimed to develop a better understanding of the experiences of diet and appetite in people living with mesothelioma and their informal carers.MethodsTwenty‐three participants took part in semistructured interviews including 12 people living with mesothelioma (10 pleural and 2 peritoneal) aged 56–83 years and 12 informal carers, predominantly their spouses. Open ended questions focussed on experiences of appetite and diet, as well as approaches to maintain adequate food intake. Thematic analysis was applied.ResultsFour themes were generated that included unintentional weight loss and poor appetite during diagnosis and when undergoing medical intervention. Participants managed their appetite and diet by taking each day at a time and this was influenced by the physical and emotional experiences of mesothelioma. The informal carer took on the lead role of managing their relatives' diet and implemented their own nutritional strategies and there were challenges with dietary advice.ConclusionsAppetite was viewed as a multidimensional experience and was grounded within the biopsychosocial model. The findings offer important insights into opportunities informing the development of effective interventions that provide meaningful benefits for individuals living with mesothelioma and their family.
The systemic‐family‐individual approach: The heritage and continuation of Mara Selvini Palazzoli's work in integrative psychotherapy
Authors: Codecá Luca , Russon Jody , Selvini Matteo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSince the birth of family therapy, the Milan approach has been known as a foundational systemic model. Nevertheless, following the dissolution of the Milan group, Mara Selvini, alongside Matteo Selvini, Stefano Cirillo, and Anna Maria Sorrentino, began a new trajectory of clinical development, insufficiently examined within the American panorama. After her death, in 1999, the Selvini group continued to adapt and refine her systemic approach which is known today as the systemic‐family‐individual (SFI) approach. In this article, we delve into the constituents that constitute the SFI approach, elucidating how it furnishes therapists with a structured framework to guide clinical decision‐making and the application of integrated theoretical concepts. Ultimately, the article exemplifies the SFI approach's practical application via a clinical case study, showcasing its efficacious navigation.
Assessments for multi‐heritage couple therapy: A review of existing tools
Authors: McIntosh Doneila L. , Wang Guanyu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAs diversity in the United States increases, marriage and family therapists are encountering more multi‐heritage couples in therapy. Recent research shows that around 11% of adults are married to someone from a different racial or ethnic group, rising to 19% among new marriages. Multi‐heritage couples encompass inherent differences in race, ethnicity, religion, gender, sexual orientation, national origin, and culture. This article addresses the unique challenges faced by multi‐heritage couples in therapy and explores the strengths and weaknesses of existing assessment tools suitable for their needs. The study highlights a limited number of existing tools that are available for therapists working with multi‐heritage couples. Consequently, the article suggests future directions to enhance the development of assessment tools tailored to the specific needs of multi‐heritage couples.
Estradiol action in the female hypothalamo–pituitary–gonadal axis
Authors: Moenter Suzanne M. , Starrett J. Rudolph 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIt has now been about a century since a flurry of discoveries identified first the pituitary, then more specifically the anterior pituitary and soon thereafter the central nervous system as components regulating gonadal and downstream reproductive functions. This was an era of ablation/replacement designs using at first rudimentary and then increasingly pure preparations of gonadal and pituitary “activities” or transplanting actual glands, whole or homogenized, among subjects. There was, of course, controversy as is typical of lively and productive scientific debates to this day. The goals of this commentary are to briefly review the history of this work and how the terms referring to interactions among the components of the hypothalamo (as the central neural component was soon associated with)–pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axis evolved, and then to question if the current terms used have kept up with our understanding of the system. The focus in this review will be the actions of estradiol primarily upon the hypothalamus. Important actions of progesterone on the hypothalamus as well as both steroids on the pituitary response to hypothalamic factors are both acknowledged and largely ignored in this document, as are any sex differences as we focus on females.
Awake bruxism report in a population of dental students with and without ecological momentary assessment monitorization–A randomised trial
Authors: Dias Ricardo , Lima Rui , Prado Ivana , Colonna Anna , Serra‐Negra Junia Maria , Bracci Alessandro , Manfredini Daniele 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) concept was the basis for developing a smartphone application for the real‐time report of awake bruxism (AB) activities. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of the EMA with a randomised controlled trial designed to compare the frequency of AB reported in two separate single observation points between a group of students monitored over time with an EMA smartphone application and a non‐EMA monitored group.MethodsSixty‐four (N = 64) dental students (22.3 YO [±2.6]; 52F; 12 M) answered the Oral Behaviour Checklist (OBC‐1) and were randomised into an EMA‐group (EG) and control group (CG). EG were monitored with a smartphone application for AB report during seven consecutive days and completed three EMA monitoring periods (EMA‐1, 2 and 3) at one‐month intervals. After the third period (EMA−3), both EG and CG answered again the OBC (OBC–2). Descriptive statistics were performed to characterise the sample. Pearson's chi‐squared test, Fixer Exact test and post hoc Z test with Bonferroni correction were performed. The study hypothesis was that EMA could influence the AB reported by the participants because it implies an increase in the awareness, self‐recognition, and self‐control of bruxism behaviours. The level of significance was set at p < .05.ResultThe percentage of participants who changed the report of the activity of clenching their teeth while awake between OBC‐1 and OBC‐2 was significantly higher among participants in EG, when compared to CG (p = .027). For all other behaviours reported the within‐ and between‐group differences from OBC‐1 to OBC‐2 were not significant. Clenching and bracing were the most frequently reported, whilst grinding was the less frequent behaviour.ConclusionA smartphone‐based EMA approach demonstrated be useful to monitor AB over time, increasing individual's awareness, particularly to bracing and clenching behaviours.
Targeted inhibition of autophagy in hepatic stellate cells by hydroxychloroquine: An effective therapeutic approach for the treatment of liver fibrosis
Authors: Hou Li‐Shuang , Zhai Xiao‐Pei , Zhang Yao‐Wen , Xing Jie‐Hua , Li Chen , Zhou Si‐Yuan , Zhu Xiao‐Hong , Zhang Bang‐Le 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackground and PurposeLiver fibrosis is a wound‐healing reaction which is the main cause of chronic liver diseases worldwide. The activated hepatic stellate cell (aHSC) is the main driving factor in the development of liver fibrosis. Inhibiting autophagy of aHSC can prevent the progression of liver fibrosis, but inhibiting autophagy of other liver cells has opposite effects. Hence, targeted inhibition of autophagy in aHSC is quite necessary for the treatment of liver fibrosis, which prompts us to explore the targeted delivery system of small molecule autophagy inhibitor hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) that can target aHSC and alleviate the liver fibrosis.MethodsThe delivery system of HCQ@retinol‐liposome nanoparticles (HCQ@ROL‐LNPs) targeting aHSC was constructed by the film dispersion and pH‐gradient method. TGF‐β‐induced HSC activation and thioacetamide (TAA)‐induced liver fibrosis mice model were established, and the targeting ability and therapeutic effect of HCQ@ROL‐LNPs in liver fibrosis were studied subsequently in vitro and in vivo.ResultsHCQ@ROL‐LNPs have good homogeneity and stability. They inhibited the autophagy of aHSC selectively by HCQ and reduced the deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) and the damage to other liver cells. Compared with the free HCQ and HCQ@LNPs, HCQ@ROL‐LNPs had good targeting ability, showing enhanced therapeutic effect and low toxicity to other organs.ConclusionConstruction of HCQ@ROL‐LNPs delivery system lays a theoretical and experimental foundation for the treatment of liver fibrosis and promotes the development of clinical therapeutic drugs for liver diseases.
Is dirofilariosis an emerging conservation threat in wild carnivores across the Palearctic?
Authors: Szentiványi Tamara , Garamszegi László Z. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDirofilaria species are mosquito‐borne filarial nematodes, with a high veterinary and public health importance, but growing evidence also indicates their frequent occurrence in wildlife. Wild animals may play an important role in the maintenance, transmission and spread of dirofilariosis, but we have little understanding of the ecological and environmental processes that drive infection dynamics in these hosts. Here, we summarise the current knowledge about the distribution of Dirofilaria spp. across carnivore host species and geographic localities in the Palearctic region. This summary highlights that some of these sylvatic species may be important reservoirs of the pathogen, and identifies research trends and biases in the surveillance and monitoring of this host–parasite system in the wild. Furthermore, we provide directions for future research for a better understanding of the threat these parasites may pose to wild mammals.
Advancing health equity in prelicensure nursing curricula: Findings from a critical review
Authors: Graefe Anna , Mueller Christine , Bane Frizzell Linda , Porta Carolyn M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNurses play a crucial role in reducing health disparities and advancing health equity for individuals and communities. The future nursing workforce relies on their nursing education to prepare them to promote health equity. Nursing educators prepare students through a variety of andragogical learning strategies in the classroom and in clinical experiences and by intentionally updating and revising curricular content to address knowledge and competency gaps. This critical review aimed to determine the extent to which health equity concepts are explicitly present in prelicensure undergraduate nursing curricula globally. Of 434 articles screened, 22 articles describing 20 studies met inclusion criteria. Frequency and quantity of health equity content, concepts and topics, teaching strategies, evaluation strategies, and the overall extent of integration varied widely. Notably, only two articles described overall well‐integrated explicit health equity content, and there was little attention to whether students transfer this learning into practice. A focus on individualism rather than population and community was noted, highlighting the presence of whiteness in nursing. Results from this review confirm that nursing education has room to improve with respect to health equity in the curricula.
Exploring the dark side of informal mentoring: Experiences of nurses and midwives working in hospital settings in Uganda
Authors: Kakyo Tracy Alexis , Xiao Lily Dongxia , Chamberlain Diane 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMentoring literature explores the dark side of mentoring as factors such as gender and race and how they affect the overall mentoring experience. The sociocultural context of the nursing and midwifery professions presents unique characteristics warranting a qualitative exploration of negative mentoring experiences. We aimed to characterise the dark side of mentoring based on informal mentoring relationships occurring among nurses and midwives working in hospitals. Utilising semistructured interviews in a qualitative descriptive design and reflexive thematic analysis, we examined the perceptions of 35 nurses and midwives from three public hospitals located in the Western, Northern and North‐western regions of Uganda. Findings emerged in four overarching themes mentoring process deficits, mentoring relational problems, organisational challenges in mentoring and implications of negative mentoring experiences. Our study findings underscore that, while mentoring is frequently beneficial, it can also be interspersed with negative experiences arising from relational dynamics, particular mentoring processes and the overarching hospital environment. Notably, nurses and midwives actively transformed these challenges into opportunities for growth and self‐improvement, while introspectively examining their roles in contributing to these negative experiences. Such a proactive approach highlights their resilience and steadfast commitment to professional development, even in the face of adversity.
Prevalence of extra‐intestinal symptoms according to irritable bowel syndrome subtype
Authors: Pereyra Facundo , Bustos Fernández Luis María , Schlottmann Francisco , Zamora Rafael , Marconi Agustina , Steinberg Leandro , Pereyra Lisandro 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional disorder commonly associated with extra‐intestinal symptoms. However, the prevalence of these symptoms according to IBS subtype is not well established.AimTo compare the prevalence of extra‐intestinal symptoms among patients with different subtypes of IBS.MethodsA descriptive cross‐sectional study including patients with IBS according to Rome IV criteria was performed between July 2022 and April 2023. Patients were classified according their subtype of IBS: IBS‐D (diarrhea‐predominant), IBS‐C (constipation‐predominant), and IBS‐M (mixed bowel habits). Patients completed the IBS severity scoring system questionnaire (IBS‐SSS) to determine severity of IBS symptoms and patient health questionnaire‐ 9 (PHQ‐9) to define presence and severity of depressive symptoms. The prevalence of reported extra‐intestinal symptoms was also assessed and compared between groups.Key ResultsA total of 4862 patients with IBS were included; 608 IBS‐D (12.5%), 1978 IBS‐C (40.7%), and 2276 IBS‐M (46.8%). Patients with IBS‐C had significantly lower IBS‐symptoms severity (mean IBS‐SSS 290 vs. 310 and 320 for IBS‐D and IBS‐M, respectively, p = 0.03). The prevalence of obesity was also significantly lower in these patients (17.1% vs. 30.9% IBS‐D and 27.9% IBS‐M, p = 0.0001). Patients with IBS‐D showed a significantly higher prevalence of food intolerance perception (9.5%, p = 0.03), history of cholecystectomy (17.8%, p = 0.03), and fecal incontinence (36.2%, p = 0.0001) as compared to the other groups. Patients with IBS‐M had significantly higher mean PHQ‐9 score (12.7 vs. 11.1 IBS‐D and 10.5 IBS‐C, p = 0.001) and prevalence of depressive symptoms (80.0%, p = 0.01). Patients with IBS‐M also had higher prevalence of extra‐intestinal symptoms such as arthralgia (62.4%, p = 0.0001), extremity numbness (64.5%, p = 0.0001), atopic dermatitis (28.2%, p = 0.02), and chronic cervicalgia (81.0%, p = 0.01).Conclusions & InferencesThe prevalence of most extra‐intestinal symptoms is higher among patients with IBS‐M. Further research is needed to better characterize IBS subtypes, which could potentially help refining tailored therapeutic strategies.