bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Democracy, External Debt and Growth in Nigeria: An Impact Analysis
under a Narrow Definition of Debt-Led Growth
Authors: Dinneya Godson 
Published: December 2006

Abstract. The imposition of political conditionality for debt
relief and further assistance to debtor nations presupposes that the
political leadership under which borrowing and spending decisions were
made could have contributed to the poor performance of external capital in
debtor countries. Yet no attention seems to have been given to an
empirical evaluation of the link between the level of democratization and
growth of debtor economies caused by foreign capital. This paper employs
two models—debt-cum-growth and democracy-debt-led growth—to
investigate the contribution of external debt to the growth of the
Nigerian economy, and to evaluate whether the direction of this
contribution could be explained by, for instance, the process of power
change among political stakeholders, the quality of governance, the
political environment, and democratic dividends in the democratization
process in a typical debtor nation. Although the results in the first
model are mixed, Wantchekon's links between natural resource
endowment and regime type on the one hand, and external capital and the
nature of the host country's industry on the other, are established
for Nigeria, with the implication that the gains of political
conditionality for debt relief should not be expected from debt-led growth
of the Nigerian economy.Résumé. Lorsqu'on impose des conditions
politiques à l'allégement de la dette et à
d'autres mesures d'aide aux nations débitrices, on
présuppose que les gouvernements responsables des emprunts et de
leur utilisation peuvent avoir contribué à la piètre
performance du capital externe dans les pays concernés. Cependant,
il semble qu'on ne se soit pas préoccupé
d'évaluer empiriquement le lien entre le niveau de
démocratisation et la croissance économique des nations
débitrices due au capital étranger. Cet article utilise deux
modèles—d'abord endettement avec croissance, puis
démocratie et croissance économique par endettement
externe—pour étudier la contribution de la dette externe
à la croissance de l'économie nigérianne et pour
évaluer si la direction de cette contribution peut
s'expliquer, par exemple, par le processus de changement de pouvoir
entre intervenants politiques, par la qualité de la gouvernance,
l'environnement politique et les dividendes démocratiques dans
le processus de démocratisation d'une nation débitrice
typique—le Nigéria. Bien que les résultats du premier
modèle soient mitigés, les liens que fait Wantchekon entre
les richesses en ressources naturelles et le genre de régime
politique d'une part et le capital étranger et la nature de
l'industrie du pays d'autre part sont établis pour le
Nigéria, ce qui implique qu'il ne faut pas s'attendre
à ce que l'imposition de conditions politiques à
l'allégement de la dette produise des gains politiques dans
une économie nigérianne dont la croissance est
alimentée par la dette extérieure.
The Moral Ecology of Markets: Assessing Claims about Markets and
Justice
Authors: Narveson Jan 
Published: December 2006

The Moral Ecology of Markets: Assessing Claims about Markets and
Justice, Daniel K. Finn, New York: Cambridge University Press, 2006,
pp. ix, 169.There is a subtitle to this book: “Assessing Claims about
Markets and Justice.” Its aim is not to settle the question of how
just markets are, but rather to identify the framework within which the
morality of markets can be profitably discussed. In the opening chapter,
he takes to task some celebrated economists who, he thinks, try to defend
markets without moral judgment. We can certainly agree that if they really
thought they were doing that, their task was hopeless. But more likely
they felt their moral premises were uncontroversial.
Femmes et Parlements. Un regard international
Authors: Chardalia Nikoletta 
Published: December 2006

Femmes et Parlements. Un regard international, Sous la
direction de Manon Tremblay, Montréal, Éditions du
remue-ménage, 2005, 672 pages.Femmes et Parlements se donne comme objectif de présenter un
état des lieux des droits politiques des femmes et de leur
présence dans les assemblées législatives, et
d'examiner les mesures prises par les États et les partis en
vue d'accroître la participation politique des femmes dans 37
pays répartis sur les cinq continents. Cet ouvrage collectif, qui
rassemble des textes de 34 auteurs, spécialistes de
différents pays, sous la coordination de Manon Tremblay,
professeure à l'Université d'Ottawa,
s'inscrit dans un débat engagé depuis environ vingt ans
quant à la présence des femmes dans les instances
représentatives (cf. Projets féministes,
no spécial “ Actualité de la parité
”, février 1996). On s'est aperçu que, si les
femmes ont obtenu le droit de vote et d'éligibilité
dans les démocraties représentatives, leur présence
numérique dans les assemblées législatives progresse
lentement. L'objectif récent de la “ parité
” adopté par des mouvements féministes et quelques
partis politiques résulte du constat que
l'égalité en droit acquise entre hommes et femmes
n'a pas apporté ce qu'elle était censée
apporter en matière d'égale représentation des
hommes et des femmes en politique. Un certain nombre d'États
ont élaboré des cadres législatifs destinés
à promouvoir la féminisation de leurs institutions
représentatives.
Continuity and Change in Canadian Politics: Essays in Honour of
David E. Smith
Authors: Thomas Paul G. 
Published: December 2006

Continuity and Change in Canadian Politics: Essays in Honour of
David E. Smith, Hans J. Michelmann and Cristine de Clercy, eds.,
Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2006, pp. 273.Festschrifts pose tricky problems for editors, publishers and
reviewers. Editors have to confront the sensitive issue of whom to ask to
contribute, how to nudge tardy contributors along and whether the honoree
will be pleased with the result. Such collections are seldom thematically
coherent enough to guarantee large sales, which is an issue for publishers
facing bottom-line calculations. Reviewers have to critically appraise
essays on which they are often not experts and they have to remember the
occasion for putting those essays between covers. Despite these problems
the genre persists, partly on the basis of tradition but also out of the
genuine desire to honour colleagues who have been outstanding scholars and
“citizens” in their professional fields.
Calling Power to Account: Law, Reparations, and the Chinese Head Tax
Case
Authors: Li Peter 
Published: December 2006

Calling Power to Account: Law, Reparations, and the Chinese Head
Tax Case, David Dyzenhaus and May Moran, eds., Toronto: University of
Toronto Press, 2005, pp. 471.This is a collection of fifteen essays that addresses different
aspects of the Chinese head tax case. Edited by two law professors and
written mostly by lawyers and law professors, the collection has a strong
legal flavour. The book begins with the legal case of Mack vs.
Attorney General of Canada. However, the book does not provide a
succinct summary of the case. In brief, the case involves three Chinese
Canadians, Shack Jang Mack, Quen Ying Lee and Yew Lee, filing a statement
of claim through their attorney in December, 2000, in a class action on
behalf of head tax payers in the Ontario Superior Court. In all, the case
went through three courts, and the original ruling dismissing the claim of
head tax payers was upheld by the Court of Appeal and the Supreme
Court.
Unfinished Constitutional Business: Rethinking Indigenous
Self-Determination
Authors: de Costa Ravi 
Published: December 2006

Unfinished Constitutional Business: Rethinking Indigenous
Self-Determination, Barbara A. Hocking, ed., Canberra: Aboriginal
Studies Press, 2005, pp. 293.In the introduction to this collection of papers from a 2001
conference in Brisbane, Australia, the editor asks, “can indigenous
peoples' experiences of colonisation reshape our constitutional
language?” (xv). The contributions to the book reflect the breadth
of indigenous experiences as well as the range of ways that many
nation-states will have to revisit their constitutions in order to satisfy
the goal of decolonization/self-determination. Indeed, the book
requires us to rethink what we consider to be a constitution in
the context of unresolved and highly unsatisfactory indigenous-settler
relations. More than a document or series of political institutions, the
book explores the many ways that colonial societies have been and remain
constituted by non-indigenous assumptions and ideologies and considers
whether and how these impair claims for indigenous self-determination.
Perfection and Disharmony in the Thought of Jean-Jacques
Rousseau
Authors: Kingston Rebecca 
Published: December 2006

Perfection and Disharmony in the Thought of Jean-Jacques
Rousseau, Jonathan Marks, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,
2005, pp. viii, 191.This is a thoughtful and ambitious book that seeks to challenge
standard schools in the interpretation of Rousseau, while at the same time
arguing for the importance of new attention to Rousseau to address
questions concerning the defects of liberalism. It is well written and
well argued, even if not fully convincing, and deserves the attention of
serious Rousseau scholars.
Sustainability and the Civil Commons: Rural Communities in the Age
of Globalization
Authors: Epp Roger 
Published: December 2006

Sustainability and the Civil Commons: Rural Communities in the Age
of Globalization, Jennifer Sumner, Toronto: University of Toronto
Press, 2005, pp. viii, 179.As we are continually reminded, Canada is now an overwhelmingly urban
country. Mythic vastness notwithstanding, most of its people and certainly
its mobile “creative class,” presumed driver of the knowledge
economy, live in major cities, whose policy requirements have captured a
good deal of national attention in the past decade. By contrast, rural
Canada has been reduced to the status of the space in-between. Its
resource-based communities and livelihoods—farming, fishing,
forestry—live with the downward price pressures of global commodity
trade as well as the most intractable trade disruptions. Its public
services and social infrastructure have been diminished. Aside from pretty
places that have become recreational or residential enclaves, its
population typically is declining and aging. Its widespread sense of
abandonment so far has generated only inchoate, perhaps incoherent
political responses. Meanwhile, the growing consensus among newspaper
editorialists and think-tank policy specialists is that
“dependent” and “unsustainable” rural Canada has
been subsidized long enough for sentimental reasons at the expense of real
needs elsewhere.
Quelle formation pour l'éducation à la
citoyenneté?
Authors: Willan Pierre 
Published: December 2006

Quelle formation pour l'éducation à la
citoyenneté?, Sous la direction de Fernand Ouellet,
Québec : Les Presses de l'Université Laval, 2004, 246
pages.Face à la baisse du taux de participation aux élections
et à l'accentuation du pluralisme dans un monde où les
frontières sont de moins en moins étanches, le gouvernement
québécois a institué des réformes ayant comme
objectif d'inclure au curriculum une éducation à la
citoyenneté. Différents penseurs s'interrogent sur le
rôle des enseignants et sur la formation nécessaire en vue de
cet enseignement. Quelle formation pour l'éducation
à la citoyenneté, sous la direction de Fernand Ouellet,
est le produit de ces préoccupations.
The Big Red Machine: How the Liberal Party Dominates Canadian
Politics
Authors: Patten Steve 
Published: December 2006

The Big Red Machine: How the Liberal Party Dominates Canadian
Politics, Stephen Clarkson, Vancouver: University of British Columbia
Press, 2005, pp. xii, 335.Stephen Clarkson's The Big Red Machine offers an
insightful chronicle of the Liberal Party of Canada's electoral
behaviour over a period of thirty years. By bringing together revised
versions of his previously published accounts of the Liberal Party's
successes and failures in the nine general elections held between 1974 and
2004, Clarkson provides a unique opportunity for serious reflection on
Liberal Party dominance of twentieth-century Canadian politics. Beyond
that, however, his accessible and compelling presentation of the story of
Liberal electoral politics offers a nostalgic review of the events and
personalities that shaped the political journey from Pierre Elliott
Trudeau to Paul Martin. In accomplishing this, Clarkson has produced a
book that will be of as much interest to non-academic followers of
Canadian politics as it is to serious students of partisan politics.
Municipal Reform in Canada: Reconfiguration, Re-Empowerment, and
Rebalancing
Authors: Magnusson Warren 
Published: December 2006

Municipal Reform in Canada: Reconfiguration, Re-Empowerment, and
Rebalancing, Joseph Garcea and Edward C. LeSage, Jr., eds., Toronto:
Oxford University Press, 2005, pp. ix, 350.This book will be an essential reference for students of local
government in Canada. It deals with the most recent period of municipal
reform, from 1990 onwards. There are chapters on each of the ten
provinces, plus a combined chapter on the northern territories. The
editors establish an analytical framework for the book in their
introduction, and then try to bring things together in a long concluding
chapter. The individual chapters differ somewhat in approach, but the
editors were fairly successful in getting the contributors to keep to a
common analytical framework. Reading the whole book straight through is a
bit of a slog, because there is so much detail; on the other hand, it is
handy to have all this material collected together. It will stimulate
useful reflection, as much about what is not here as what is.
Friends, Citizens, Strangers: Essays on Where We Belong
Authors: Blattberg Charles 
Published: December 2006

Friends, Citizens, Strangers: Essays on Where We Belong,
Richard Vernon, Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2005, pp. vii,
325.“Should we put locality before citizenship, citizenship before
human obligations?” This is the central question animating Richard
Vernon's new book. He defines the three sorts of relationship it
invokes as follows. Ties of friendship are those partial relationships
which “arise from the particular and local character of our lives,
lived as, clearly they must be, in particular local contexts”; ties
of citizenship are those that “arise from sharing political space,
from common subjection to law, and from participation in institutions and
processes through which consent to political authority is
generated”; and ties among strangers “arise among those who
are ‘only humans,’ [who are] categorically but not
concretely related to us” (3–4). Vernon recognizes that all
three are important, and that is why he believes we need to face
“the question of priority of attachment.” He himself does so
through an investigation of citizenship, which he pursues in two ways.
First, with a number of fascinating chapters—all of them models of
scholarship in the history of political ideas—that examine how the
question of priority of attachment was dealt with by eight writers, four
English (Locke, Wollstonecraft, George Eliot and Mill) and four French
(Rousseau, Comte, Proudhon and Bergson). Vernon claims that his question
has, for historical reasons, been particularly pronounced in these two
countries, although I must say that I cannot think of one country in which
it has not. Regardless, he then deals with it more directly, in chapters
about the notion of a crime against humanity and about the very nature of
special ties and what they imply we owe each other. Finally, in the
book's concluding chapter, Vernon offers us an outline of his own
solution to the question.
Plaidoyer en faveur de l'intolérance
Authors: Lemieux René 
Published: December 2006

Plaidoyer en faveur de l'intolérance, Slavoj
Zižek, Éditions Climats, 2004, 164 pages.La tolérance est aujourd'hui la nouvelle vertu cardinale
de la science politique. Intégration, ouverture,
compréhension de l'autre, hybridité : toute
pensée politique doit être au diapason du discours sur la
tolérance. Plusieurs seront heureux de voir un philosophe
introduire une note discordante dans ce refrain. Dans son essai
Plaidoyer en faveur de l'intolérance, Slavoj
Zižek tente de démontrer qu'il est possible et
même nécessaire aujourd'hui de penser et d'agir
à contre-courant des tendances politiques actuelles qui favorisent
la tolérance et le multiculturalisme.
La négation de la nation. L'identité culturelle
québécoise et le fédéralisme canadien
Authors: Caron Jean-François 
Published: December 2006

La négation de la nation. L'identité culturelle
québécoise et le fédéralisme canadien,
Eugénie Brouillet, Sillery: Septentrion, 2005, 478 pages.Compte tenu de la multitude d'ouvrages portant sur le
fédéralisme canadien et son incapacité à
reconnaître la spécificité nationale du Québec,
est-il vraiment possible d'apporter un éclairage nouveau sur
cette question ? Kenneth McRoberts a déjà
démontré l'influence qu'a eue le trudeauisme sur
la négation de la nation québécoise (Un pays
à refaire : l'échec des politiques constitutionnelles
canadiennes, Montréal : Boréal, 1999), alors que Guy
Laforest a illustré les impacts similaires de la Constitution de
1982 sur le fonctionnement actuel du fédéralisme canadien
(Trudeau et la fin d'un rêve canadien, Sillery :
Septentrion, 1992). À première vue, il semble que la
question ait déjà été discutée sous
tous ses angles et qu'il soit impossible d'innover en la
matière.
A many-particle approach to the gyro-kinetic theory
Authors: MISHCHENKO ALEXEY , KÖNIES AXEL 
Published: December 2006

AbstractA systematic first-principles approach to the many-particle formulation of the gyro-kinetic theory is suggested. The gyro-kinetic many-particle Hamiltonian is derived using the Lie transform technique. The generalized gyro-kinetic equation is obtained following the Born–Bogoliubov–Green–Kirkwood–Yvon approach. The microscopic expression for the self-consistent potential and the polarization density is obtained. It is shown that new terms appear in the gyro-kinetic polarization that can not be derived in the conventional approach. An expression for the collision term is obtained in the Landau approximation.
Solar wind flow near a reconnection site at the dayside magnetopause: development of an existing three-dimensional model
Authors: WESTERBERG LARS G. , ÅKERSTEDT H.O. 
Published: December 2006

Abstract.An improvement of an existing three-dimensional analytical model describing the solar wind flow near a reconnection site at the dayside magnetopause is reported. Introducing an arbitrary orientation of the reconnection line, general solutions for the plasma velocity and magnetic field during the transition of the magnetopause are presented, together with the development of the magnetopause transition layer away from the reconnection site.
Transitions in the surface dust-ion-acoustic mode in a self-gravitating semi-bounded magnetized dusty plasma
Authors: KIM HWA-MIN , JUNG YOUNG-DAE 
Published: December 2006

AbstractThe transitions and the self-gravitational effects on the surface dust-ion-acoustic mode are investigated in semi-bounded magnetized dusty plasmas. We find that there is a dust-ion-acoustic resonance mode in small wave number regions. Furthermore, we find that the self-gravitational effects enhance the resonance frequency. However, the surface wave starts to propagate as the wave number increases. The transition position between the resonance oscillation and the wave propagation is shifted to the smaller wave number domain as self-gravitational effects increase. In addition, the resonance frequency is found to decrease with decreasing strength of the magnetic field in small wave number domains.
Gravitational instability of partially ionized molecular clouds
Authors: BORAH A.C. , SEN A.K. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractStars are formed as a result of the gravitational (Jeans) collapse of dense clumps in interstellar clouds. These clouds are partially ionized by nearby ionizing sources. We investigate the gravitational instability in such molecular clouds considering the non-Boltzmannian distribution for electrons and ions, which is more realistic than the Boltzmannian distribution. Assuming the perturbation (fluctuation) response in a radial direction as a mathematical analogue of the x-direction in the plane geometry approximation in the form f ∼ exp(ikx–iωt), the equations of motion for different species of the multi-fluid plasma are linearized. Jeans' swindle is used as a local approximation for the equilibrium and the dispersion relation is derived by usual normal mode analysis. Then, an analytical solution to the dispersion equation with an explanation of the effects on star formation is given.
Modelling an isolated dust grain in a plasma using matched asymptotic expansions
Authors: ARINAMINPATHY N. , ALLEN J. E. , OCKENDON J. R. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractThe study of dusty plasmas is of significant practical use and scientific interest. A characteristic feature of dust grains in a plasma is that they are typically smaller than the electron Debye distance, a property which we exploit using the technique of matched asymptotic expansions. We first consider the case of a spherical dust particle in a stationary plasma, employing the Allen–Boyd–Reynolds theory, which assumes cold, collisionless ions. We derive analytical expressions for the electric potential, the ion number density and ion velocity. This requires only one computation that is not specific to a single set of dust–plasma parameters, and sheds new light on the shielding distance of a dust grain. The extension of this calculation to the case of uniform ion streaming past the dust grain, a scenario of interest in many dusty plasmas, is less straightforward. For streaming below a certain threshold we again establish asymptotic solutions but above the streaming threshold there appears to be a fundamental change in the behaviour of the system.
Attraction behaviour of three entomopathogenic nematode species towards infected and uninfected hosts
Authors: RAMOS-RODRÍGUEZ O. , CAMPBELL J. F. , CHRISTEN J. M. , SHAPIRO-ILAN D. I. , LEWIS E. E. , RAMASWAMY S. B. 
Published: December 2006

SUMMARYEntomopathogenic nematode infective juveniles are likely to encounter both uninfected and infected insects and host quality depends on the stage of the infection. We hypothesized that nematode response to infected hosts will change over the course of an infection. Here, we tested this hypothesis by focusing on the influence of host infection status on long-range attraction to host volatile cues. The attraction response of 3 nematode species (Steinernema carpocapsae, S. glaseri and S. riobrave) with different foraging strategies to infected and uninfected insects (Galleria mellonella and Tenebrio molitor) was tested at 24 h intervals from start of infection to emergence of infective juveniles from depleted host. As expected, based on their foraging strategies, S. carpocapsae was not very responsive to hosts, S. glaseri was highly responsive and S. riobrave was intermediate. Generally, the level of attraction did not change with time after infection and was similar between infected and uninfected hosts. An exception was S. glaseri infected T. molitor, which tended to be less attractive to S. glaseri than uninfected hosts. These results suggest that any influence of host infection status on infection behaviour is occurring at subsequent steps in the host-infection process than host attraction, or involves non-volatile cues.