bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrastructural alterations in human blood leukocytes induced by porcine circovirus type 1 infection
Authors: Arteaga‐Troncoso Gabriel , Guerra‐Infante Fernando , Rosales‐Montaño Luz Maria , Díaz‐García Francisco Javier , Flores‐Medina Saúl 
Published: October 2005

Abstract:  Background:  Swine infectious pathogens, especially viruses, represent a potential public health risk associated with the use of pig tissues for xenotransplantation in humans. We hypothesized that porcine circovirus type I (PCV‐1) may infect human mononuclear cells, resulting in ultrastructural alterations of the target cells.Methods:  Transmission electron microscopy was used for evaluating ultrastructural alterations of human cells exposed to a PCV‐infected PK15 cell line. A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were developed for detecting PCV‐1 in human mononuclear cells.Results:  Morphological alterations of the human T cells exposed to PCV PK15 showed ‘‘boomerang‐shaped’’ intracytoplasmic inclusions. Nucleocapsids appeared free, close to the nucleus, or contained into cytoplasmic vacuoles. Virions were observed near the surface of the human cells. A considerable number of mature virions and immature forms could be observed in the human cells that had a completely intact nuclear membrane with no alteration in the disposition of chromatin. PCV‐1 particles were identified budding into typical Golgi saccules and vacuoles. Virions sized up to 23 nm in diameter, and appeared in the nucleus and in the periphery of the cellular core. PCV‐1 infection was detected on CD4+, CD8+, CD14+, CD19+, and CD56+ human cells by PCR assay and FISH.Conclusions:  These results suggest that PCV has the capability of infecting human leukocytes in vitro, and should be considered a potential risk of viral transmission during xenotransplantation.
Comparison of caudal ketamine with lidocaine or tramadol administration for postoperative analgesia of hypospadias surgery in children
Authors: GUNDUZ M. , OZALEVLI M. , OZBEK H. , OZCENGIZ D. 
Published: October 2005

SummaryBackground:  This study was designed to investigate whether the addition of tramadol or lidocaine to ketamine would enhance the quality of intra‐ and postoperative analgesia for hypospadias surgery in children.Methods:  Sixty‐two ASA PS I or II children, between 1 and 10 years of age, scheduled for hypospadias surgery were recruited. Anesthesia was induced with 6–8% sevoflurane and maintained with 0.5–2.5% sevoflurane‐50% N2O in oxygen. Children were allocated randomly to receive one of two study drugs. Children in group KL received caudal ketamine (0.25 mg·kg−1) plus lidocaine (2%, 2 mg·kg−1) and in group KT ketamine (0.25 mg·kg−1) plus tramadol (1 mg·kg−1). Systemic blood pressure, heart rate, peripheral O2 saturation, sedation, and pain scores (CHEOPS) were recorded at 1, 5, 10, 15, 30, 45 min and 1, 2, 3 h following recovery from anesthesia.Results:  Duration of analgesia was similar in the two groups (P > 0.05). CHEOPS in group KL was lower than in group KT during the study period, except at first 15 min. Sedation scores were higher in group KL than group KT in the first 10 min (P < 0.05). Incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting was similar in the two groups (P > 0.05) Sevoflurane concentration required was significantly lower in group KL than group KT peroperatively (P < 0.001).Conclusions:  Caudal ketamine (0.25 mg·kg−1), plus lidocaine (2% 2 mg·kg−1) significantly reduced sevoflurane concentration compared with ketamine (0.25 mg·kg−1) + tramadol (1 mg·kg−1). We suggested that both ketamine + lidocaine and ketamine + tramadol provided very effective and long duration of analgesia, similarly. However, analgesia quality is superior in the ketamine‐lidocaine group postoperatively.
Transient cortical blindness after resuscitation in a child having central venous catheterization under general anesthesia
Authors: YE XUAN‐DE , LIU KANG , CHANG TING‐HANG , SHAN CHEN MING , WANG YU‐REN , WU SU‐ZHEN 
Published: October 2005

SummaryWe describe a case of chronic renal failure developing life‐threatening cardiovascular collapse during the insertion of central venous catheter for hemodialysis under general anesthesia in a 7‐year‐old boy. With timely resuscitation, he regained his vital signs within 20 min. However, after admission to the pediatric intensive care unit, visual impairment and four limb weakness were detected on the first postoperative day. Fortunately, symptoms resolved completely with close observation, psychological support and conservative management within 72 h without sequelae.
Risk of Bleeding Complications Is Not Increased in Patients Undergoing Rescue versus Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: ELLIS KEITH , BOCCALANDRO FERNANDO , BURJONROPPA SUKESH , MUENCH ANDREAS , GIESLER GREGORY M. , SMALLING RICHARD W. , SDRINGOLA STEFANO 
Published: October 2005

Background: Concern for major bleeding complications (MBC) may lead to withholding of anticoagulation and fibrinolytic therapy in preparation for primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), potentially resulting in unacceptable delays in achieving reperfusion.
Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to evaluate MBC associated with primary and rescue PCI and how timing to revascularization affects this variable.
Methods: We evaluated 659 consecutive patients presenting within 24 hours of an acute ST elevation myocardial infarctions (MI). One hundred and eighty‐three patients presented for rescue PCI and 476 for primary PCI. Eighty‐seven rescue PCI patients were treated within 6 hours of their first dose of fibrinolytic. Demographics, procedural variables, outcomes, and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) were compared between the primary and rescue PCI groups and between early and late presenters in the rescue PCI group.
Results: We observed that the incidence of MBC was 8% in patients undergoing rescue PCI and 6% in primary PCI (P = 0.35). There were no significant differences in bleeding associated with GP IIb/IIIa receptor antagonist use, procedural success, or MACE. Similarly, in patients presenting for early or late rescue PCI there was no significant difference in MBC, procedural success, or MACE.
Conclusions: We concluded that early or late rescue PCI and primary PCI have similar rates of MBC and overall in‐hospital outcomes for patients presenting within 24 hours of acute MI. Delaying the timing of a rapid reperfusion strategy in an effort to decrease the incidence of MBC complications is generally not justified.
Medication Utilization Behavior in Patients Receiving Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitors for Erectile Dysfunction
Authors: Mulhall John P. , McLaughlin Trent P. , Harnett James P. , Scott Brian , Burhani Soraya , Russell David 
Published: October 2005

ABSTRACT

Introduction
A number of preference studies have been conducted with phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitor medications demonstrating inconsistent findings. Additionally, limited information is available regarding real-world utilization patterns of PDE5 inhibitors.

Aim
To evaluate treatment patterns using real-world data for patients initiating erectile dysfunction (ED) therapy with Viagra® (sildenafil citrate), Levitra® (vardenafil), or Cialis® (tadalafil).

Methods
Patients with an initial prescription claim for sildenafil, vardenafil, or tadalafil were identified in NDCHealth's Intelligent Health Repository. Medication refills, medication switching, and dose titration were analyzed. Logistic regression on the odds of refilling initial PDE5 medications was conducted controlling for patient age, presence of common comorbidities, initial number of tablets, and copay.

Results
A higher percentage of patients receiving sildenafil (52%) refilled their ED medication during the study period than patients receiving vardenafil (30%) or tadalafil (29%) (P &lt; 0.001). A smaller percentage of patients in the sildenafil cohort (6.4%) switched medication than in the tadalafil (9.0%) or vardenafil (10.4%) cohorts (P &lt; 0.001); the difference between the tadalafil and vardenafil cohorts in switching medications was also significant (P &lt; 0.001). There were no statistically significant differences between cohorts in dose titration frequency, which was low in all three treatment cohorts. Using logistic regression, the odds of refilling initial PDE5 therapy was significantly lower for vardenafil (odds ratio [OR]: 0.39, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.38–0.40; P &lt; 0.0001) and tadalafil (OR: 0.38, 95% CI: 0.37–0.40; P &lt; 0.0001) compared with sildenafil.

Conclusions
Patients who were initially prescribed sildenafil were significantly more likely to refill their medication and significantly less likely to switch medications during the study period compared with patients who were initially prescribed vardenafil or tadalafil. These findings may indicate greater treatment satisfaction in patients receiving sildenafil, although future prospective evaluation is required.
Telemedicine: Benefits to advanced practice nursing and the communities they serve
Authors: Reed Kirby 
Published: October 2005

PurposeTo review the use of telemedicine in a variety of advanced nursing practice settings, its contribution in expanding the service and role of the nurse practitioner, and the regulatory issues of reimbursement and licensure.Data sourcesLiterature review of relevant journals, research articles, case examples, and web searches.ConclusionsAlthough telemedicine has been utilized for many years, it has historically been used primarily by physicians. In recent years, telemedicine has been demonstrating its growing potential in advanced nursing practice in terms of economy, efficacy, and quality of care. When used appropriately, telemedicine complements advanced nursing practice in cost‐effective ways and improves healthcare access to the populations served.Implications for practiceIncorporating telemedicine into the advanced nursing practice can be rewarding for both clinicians and their patients. Because of the high variability that exists among state regulations and payer reimbursements, clinicians are advised to verify their respective Board of Nursing Examiners, State, and payers’ policies prior to investing in the establishment of telemedicine in practice.