bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of exenatide on weight loss and eating behavior in adults with craniopharyngioma-related obesity: the CRANIOEXE randomized placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Gatta-Cherifi Blandine , Mohammedi Kamel , Cariou Tanguy , Poitou Christine , Touraine Philippe , Raverot Gerald , Brue Thierry , Chanson Philippe , Illouz Frédéric , Grunenwald Solange , Chabre Olivier , Sonnet Emmanuel , Cuny Thomas , Bertherat Jerôme , Czernichow Sébastien , Frison Eric , Tabarin Antoine 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Importance
A major issue in the management of craniopharyngioma-related obesity (CRO) is the ineffectiveness of the current therapeutic approaches.

Objective
To study the efficacy of glucagon-like peptide-1 analogs compared with placebo in adults with obesity CRO.

Design
A double-blind multicenter superiority randomized clinical in trial in two parallel arms.

Setting
Eleven French University Hospital Centers.

Participants
Adults with CRO (body mass index &gt; 30 kg/m²) without the sign of recurrence of craniopharyngioma in the past year.

Interventions
Exenatide or placebo injected subcutaneously twice a day during 26 weeks.

Main Outcomes and Measures
The primary outcome was the mean change in body weight at week 26 in the intention-to-treat population. Secondary outcomes were eating behavior, calories intake, energy expenditure, cardiovascular, metabolic risk factor, quality of life, and the tolerance profile.

Results
At week 26, weight decreased from baseline by a mean of −3.8 (SD 4.3) kg for exenatide and −1.6 (3.8) kg for placebo. The adjusted mean treatment difference was −3.1 kg (95% confidence interval [CI] −7.0 to 0.7, P = 0.11). Results were compatible with a higher reduction of hunger score with exenatide compared with placebo (estimated treatment difference in change from baseline to week 26: −2.3, 95% CI −4.5 to −0.2), while all other outcomes did not significantly differ between groups. Adverse events were more common with exenatide versus placebo, and occurred in, respectively, 19 (95%) participants (108 events) and 14 (70%) participants (54 events).

Conclusions and Relevance
Combined with intensive lifestyle interventions, a 26-week treatment with exenatide was not demonstrated superior to placebo to treat craniopharyngioma-related obesity.
Implantable loop recorders in patients with Brugada syndrome: the BruLoop study
Authors: Bergonti Marco , Sacher Frederic , Arbelo Elena , Crotti Lia , Sabbag Avi , Casella Michela , Saenen Johan , Rossi Andrea , Monaco Cinzia , Pannone Luigi , Compagnucci Paolo , Russo Vincenzo , Heller Eyal , Santoro Amato , Berne Paola , Bisignani Antonio , Baldi Enrico , Van Leuven Olivier , Migliore Federico , Marcon Lorenzo , Dagradi Federica , Sfondrini Irene , Landra Federico , Comune Angelo , Cespón-Fernández María , Nesti Martina , Santoro Francesco , Magnocavallo Michele , Vicentini Alessandro , Conti Sergio , Ribatti Valentina , Brugada Pedro , de Asmundis Carlo , Brugada Josep , Tondo Claudio , Schwartz Peter J , Haissaguerre Michel , Auricchio Angelo , Conte Giulio 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims
Available data on continuous rhythm monitoring by implantable loop recorders (ILRs) in patients with Brugada syndrome (BrS) are scarce. The aim of this multi-centre study was to evaluate the diagnostic yield and clinical implication of a continuous rhythm monitoring strategy by ILRs in a large cohort of BrS patients and to assess the precise arrhythmic cause of syncopal episodes.

Methods
A total of 370 patients with BrS and ILRs (mean age 43.5 ± 15.9, 33.8% female, 74.1% symptomatic) from 18 international centers were included. Patients were followed with continuous rhythm monitoring for a median follow-up of 3 years.

Results
During follow-up, an arrhythmic event was recorded in 30.7% of symptomatic patients [18.6% atrial arrhythmias (AAs), 10.2% bradyarrhythmias (BAs), and 7.3% ventricular arrhythmias (VAs)]. In patients with recurrent syncope, the aetiology was arrhythmic in 22.4% (59.3% BAs, 25.0% VAs, and 15.6% AAs). The ILR led to drug therapy initiation in 11.4%, ablation procedure in 10.9%, implantation of a pacemaker in 2.5%, and a cardioverter-defibrillator in 8%. At multivariate analysis, the presence of symptoms [hazard ratio (HR) 2.5, P = .001] and age &gt;50 years (HR 1.7, P = .016) were independent predictors of arrhythmic events, while inducibility of ventricular fibrillation at the electrophysiological study (HR 9.0, P &lt; .001) was a predictor of VAs.

Conclusions
ILR detects arrhythmic events in nearly 30% of symptomatic BrS patients, leading to appropriate therapy in 70% of them. The most commonly detected arrhythmias are AAs and BAs, while VAs are detected only in 7% of cases. Symptom status can be used to guide ILR implantation.
Chewing Disability Is Associated With Cognitive Impairment Among Older Adults: A Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Nascimento Gustavo G , Li Huihua , Malhotra Rahul , Leite Fábio R M , Peres Karen G , Chan Angelique , Peres Marco A 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Chewing disability is associated with impaired quality of life, potentially leading to depression, and cognitive impairment. Although the chewing-ability-cognition relationship has been explored, examining whether depression mediates this relationship remains unclear. We investigated the association between chewing disability and cognitive impairment development and a potential mediation via depression among older persons.

Methods
Older persons without cognitive impairment at baseline (n = 973) from the 3 waves of the Panel on Health and Ageing of Singaporean Elderly were investigated. The outcome was incident cognitive impairment by the end of the study, while the exposure was chewing disability over the study period. Time-varying depression was the mediator. Time-fixed confounders included sex, ethnicity, education, marital status, living arrangement, and housing type, and time-varying confounders included age, smoking, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, number of teeth, and denture wearing. We used marginal structural modeling to evaluate the effect of chewing disability on cognitive impairment development.

Results
After 6 years, 11% developed cognitive impairment, and chewing disability was reported by 33%. Chewing disability was associated with higher odds of developing cognitive impairment (OR 1.43, 95% CI: 1.09, 1.87), of which 85.3% was explained by the controlled direct effect of chewing disability, whereas the remaining 14.7% could be eliminated if there was no depression.

Conclusions
Our findings indicate an association between chewing disability and cognitive impairment, while the role of depression could not be fully elucidated. Oral health should be incorporated as part of older persons’ care for its potential to assess the risk for other systemic conditions.
Crustal structure of Borneo, Makassar Strait and Sulawesi from ambient noise tomography
Authors: Heryandoko N , Nugraha A D , Zulfakriza Z , Rosalia S , Yudistira T , Rohadi S , Daryono D , Supendi P , Nurpujiono N , Yusuf F , Fauzi F , Lesmana A , Husni Y M , Prayitno B S , Triyono R , Adi S P , Karnawati D , Greenfield T , Rawlinson N , Widiyantoro S 
Published: March 2024

SUMMARYBorneo and Sulawesi are two large islands separated by the Makassar Strait that lie within the complex tectonic setting of central Indonesia. The seismic structure beneath this region is poorly understood due to the limited data availability. In this study, we present Rayleigh wave tomography results that illuminate the underlying crustal structure. Group velocity is retrieved from dispersion analysis of Rayleigh waves extracted from the ambient noise field by cross-correlating long-term recordings from 108 seismic stations over a period of 8 months. We then produce a 3-D shear wave velocity model via a two-stage process in which group velocity maps are computed across a range of periods and then sampled over a dense grid of points to produce pseudo-dispersion curves; these dispersion curves are then separately inverted for 1-D shear wave velocity (Vs), with the resultant models combined and interpolated to form a 3-D model. In this model, we observed up to ± 1.2 km s−1 lateral Vs heterogeneities as a function of depth. Our models illuminate a strong low shear wave velocity (Vs) anomaly at shallow depth (≤ 14 km) and a strong high Vs anomaly at depths of 20–30 km beneath the North Makassar Strait. We inferred the sediment basement and Moho depth from our 3-D Vs model based on iso-velocity constrained by the positive vertical gradient of the Vs models. The broad and deep sedimentary basement at ∼14 ± 2 km depth beneath the North Makassar Strait is floored by a shallow Moho at ∼22 ± 2 km depth, which is the thinnest crust in the study area. To the east of this region, our model reveals a Moho depth of ∼45 ± 2 km beneath Central Sulawesi, the thickest crust in our study area, which suggests crustal thickening since the late Oligocene. Moreover, the presence of high near-surface Vs anomalies with only slight changes of velocity with increasing depth in southwest Borneo close to Schwaner Mountain confirm the existence of a crustal root beneath this region.
KoNA: Korean Nucleotide Archive as A New Data Repository for Nucleotide Sequence Data
Authors: Ko Gunhwan , Lee Jae Ho , Sim Young Mi , Song Wangho , Yoon Byung-Ha , Byeon Iksu , Lee Bang Hyuck , Kim Sang-Ok , Choi Jinhyuk , Jang Insoo , Kim Hyerin , Yang Jin Ok , Jang Kiwon , Kim Sora , Kim Jong-Hwan , Jeon Jongbum , Jung Jaeeun , Hwang Seungwoo , Park Ji-Hwan , Kim Pan-Gyu , Kim Seon-Young , Lee Byungwook 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
During the last decade, the generation and accumulation of petabase-scale high-throughput sequencing data have resulted in great challenges, including access to human data, as well as transfer, storage, and sharing of enormous amounts of data. To promote data-driven biological research, the Korean government announced that all biological data generated from government-funded research projects should be deposited at the Korea BioData Station (K-BDS), which consists of multiple databases for individual data types. Here, we introduce the Korean Nucleotide Archive (KoNA), a repository of nucleotide sequence data. As of July 2022, the Korean Read Archive in KoNA has collected over 477 TB of raw next-generation sequencing data from national genome projects. To ensure data quality and prepare for international alignment, a standard operating procedure was adopted, which is similar to that of the International Nucleotide Sequence Database Collaboration. The standard operating procedure includes quality control processes for submitted data and metadata using an automated pipeline, followed by manual examination. To ensure fast and stable data transfer, a high-speed transmission system called GBox is used in KoNA. Furthermore, the data uploaded to or downloaded from KoNA through GBox can be readily processed using a cloud computing service called Bio-Express. This seamless coupling of KoNA, GBox, and Bio-Express enhances the data experience, including submission, access, and analysis of raw nucleotide sequences. KoNA not only satisfies the unmet needs for a national sequence repository in Korea but also provides datasets to researchers globally and contributes to advances in genomics. The KoNA is available at https://www.kobic.re.kr/kona/.
Compliance with COVID-19 preventative health measures in the United Kingdom: a latent profile analysis
Authors: Colville Shannon , Lockey Steven , Gillespie Nicole , Jane Kelly Sarah 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Governments have adopted unprecedented measures to assist in slowing the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, but compliance varies among individuals. This UK study uses latent profile analysis to identify four classes of individuals on factors believed to influence compliance. Those who sought health information from authoritative sources and actively sought information from multiple sources were most compliant. Profile differences in compliance and vaccination status were also primarily driven by trust in healthcare institutions over trust in government. These findings contribute to understanding compliance profiles and emphasise the importance of authoritative information and trust in healthcare systems.
How can asset-based approaches reduce inequalities? Exploring processes of change in England and Spain
Authors: Cassetti Viola , Powell Katie , Barnes Amy , Sanders Tom 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Initiatives to promote health and reduce inequalities in place-based communities have increasingly adopted asset-based approaches (ABAs). However, the processes through which such initiatives might reduce inequalities are not well understood, and evidence of their impact on health is still limited. This study aimed to understand how ABAs can impact practices, relationships and the redistribution of resources to reduce health inequalities in and between less advantaged neighbourhoods. Qualitative research was conducted in two settings (England and Spain) where similar asset-based initiatives, aimed at training community members to become health promoters, were being implemented. Data were collected using theory of change workshops, 120 hours of observations and semi-structured interviews with 44 stakeholders (trained community members, voluntary and community sector organizations’ workers and health professionals). A thematic analysis informed by systems thinking was carried out. Three main processes of change were identified: first, ‘enabling asset-based thinking’ defined as supporting people to adopt a view that values their own resources and people’s skills and expertise. Second, ‘developing asset-based capacities’, described as developing personal skills, knowledge, self-confidence and relationships underpinned by asset-based thinking. Finally, ‘changing decision-making and wider health determinants through ABAs’ referred to achieving changes in neighbourhoods through mobilizing the asset-based capacities developed. These processes were associated with changes at an individual level, with potential to contribute to reducing inequalities through supporting individual empowerment and social capital. However, contextual factors were found key to enable or hinder changes in the neighbourhoods and acted as barriers to processes of collective empowerment, thus limiting ABAs’ impact on health inequalities.
Chromosome-scale genome, together with transcriptome and metabolome, provides insights into the evolution and anthocyanin biosynthesis of Rubus rosaefolius Sm. (Rosaceae)
Authors: Wang Yunsheng , Guan Jiyuan , Zhang Qunying 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Rubus rosaefolius is a kind of red raspberry possessing high nutritional and pharmaceutical value. Here we present a chromosome-level draft genome of R. rosaefolius. Of the total 131 assembled scaffolds, 70 with a total size of 219.02 Mb, accounting for 99.33% of the estimated genome size, were anchored to seven pseudochromosomes. We traced a whole-genome duplication (WGD) event shared among members of the Rosaceae family, from which were derived 5090 currently detectable duplicated gene pairs (dgps). Of the WGD-dgps 75.09% underwent purifying selection, and approximately three-quarters of informative WGD-dgps expressed their two paralogs with significant differences. We detected a wide variety of anthocyanins in the berries of R. rosaefolius, and their total concentration remained relatively stable during berry development but increased rapidly during the ripening stage, mainly because of the contributions of pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside and pelargonidin-3-O-(6″-O-malonyl)glucoside. We identified many structural genes that encode enzymes, such as RrDFR, RrF3H, RrANS, and RrBZ1, and play key roles in anthocyanin biosynthesis. The expression of some of these genes significantly increased or decreased with the accumulation of pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside and pelargonidin-3-O-(6″-O-malonyl)glucoside. We also identified some transcription factors and specific methylase-encoding genes that may play a role in regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis by targeting structural genes. In conclusion, our findings provide deeper insights into the genomic evolution and molecular mechanisms underlying anthocyanin biosynthesis in berries of R. rosaefolius. This knowledge may significantly contribute to the targeted domestication and breeding of Rubus species.
Evaluating the real-world performance of vertically installed bifacial photovoltaic panels in residential settings: empirical findings and implications
Authors: AL-Zoubi Omar H , Al-Tahaineh Hamza , Damseh Rebhi A , AL-Zubi A H , Odat Alhaj-Saleh A , Shboul Bashar 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This research examines the extended performance of vertically positioned bifacial photovoltaic (BiPV) panels in actual environmental settings, considering various factors such as solar irradiance and the random surrounding structures. Two bifacial photovoltaic panel systems connected to the grid are set up on the roof of a residential structure. The first system consisted of seven panels installed at a tilt angle of 27o, facing south. The second system comprises seven vertically installed panels facing west. A data acquisition system was employed to continuously monitor and record the electrical parameters of both systems. To quantify the performance of the systems, specific metric parameters, like the yearly energy output and the specific yield of the systems, are computed. The findings reveal that the vertically installed BiPV panels can achieve an energy yield as high as 100% compared with the tilted installation in certain months. Furthermore, the vertical installation demonstrated inherent anti-soiling properties akin to self-cleaning. Additionally, the vertical installation exhibited a multiple peak phenomenon, which could potentially alleviate the peak load issues on the electrical grid. The vertical installation also exhibited an exceptional ground coverage ratio, making it an attractive solution for space-constrained applications. The vertical installation exhibited a ~ 1678 kWh/kWp performance ratio, retaining ~82% of the tilted installation energy yield. The results underscore the feasibility and advantages of employing vertically installed bifacial photovoltaic panels in residential settings, particularly in limited areas. Moreover, the study provides insights into the viability and potential of this technology for small-scale residential applications.
Signals From Inflamed Perivascular Adipose Tissue Contribute to Small-Vessel Dysfunction in Women With Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Authors: Wilcox Christopher S , Herbert Carly , Wang Cheng , Ma Yuchi , Sun Philena , Li Tian , Verbesey Jennifer , Kumar Princy , Kassaye Seble , Welch William J , Choi Michael J , Pourafshar Negiin , Wang Dan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
People with the human immunodeficiency virus (PWH) have microvascular disease. Because perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) regulates microvascular function and adipose tissue is inflamed in PWH, we tested the hypothesis that PWH have inflamed PVAT that impairs the function of their small vessels.

Methods
Subcutaneous small arteries were dissected with or without PVAT from a gluteal skin biopsy from 11 women with treated HIV (WWH) aged &lt; 50 years and 10 matched women without HIV, and studied on isometric myographs. Nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured by fluorescence microscopy. Adipokines and markers of inflammation and ROS were assayed in PVAT.

Results
PVAT surrounding the small arteries in control women significantly (P &lt; .05) enhanced acetylcholine-induced endothelium-dependent relaxation and NO, and reduced contractions to thromboxane and endothelin-1. However, these effects of PVAT were reduced significantly (P &lt; .05) in WWH whose PVAT released less adiponectin but more markers of ROS and inflammation. Moderation of contractions by PVAT were correlated positively with adipose adiponectin.

Conclusions
PVAT from WWH has oxidative stress, inflammation, and reduced release of adiponectin, which may contribute to enhanced contractions and therefore could promote small-artery dysfunction.
Candida albicans N-Linked Mannans Potentiate the Induction of Trained Immunity via Dectin-2
Authors: Rosati Diletta , Pradhan Arnab , van Heck Julia I P , Helder Leonie , Jaeger Martin , Gow Neil A R , Joosten Leo A B , Williams David L , Brown Alistair J P , Bruno Mariolina , Netea Mihai G 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The interaction between the Candida albicans cell wall and pattern recognition receptors is crucial for the initiation of host immune responses, which, ultimately, contribute to the clearance of this pathogenic fungus. In the present study, we investigate the ability of C. albicans mannans to modulate immune response and induce innate immune memory (also termed trained immunity). Using mutants of C. albicans that are defective in or lack mannosyl residues, we show that alterations in the mannosylation of the C. albicans cell wall affect the innate cytokine response and strongly reduce the secretion of T-cell–derived cytokines. Subsequently, we demonstrate that the branching of N-linked mannan, but not O-linked mannan, is essential to potentiate the induction of trained immunity, a process mediated by dectin 2. In conclusion, N-linked mannan is needed, in addition to β-glucans, for an effective induction of trained immunity by C. albicans.
Hemagglutination Inhibition Antibody Titers as Mediators of Influenza Vaccine Efficacy Against Symptomatic Influenza A(H1N1), A(H3N2), and B/Victoria Virus Infections
Authors: Lim Wey Wen , Feng Shuo , Wong Sook-San , Sullivan Sheena G , Cowling Benjamin J 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
The hemagglutination inhibition antibody (HAI) titer contributes only a part of vaccine-induced protection against influenza virus infections. Using causal mediation analysis, we quantified the proportion of vaccine efficacy mediated by postvaccination HAI titers.

Methods
We conducted causal mediation analyses using data from a randomized, active-comparator controlled, phase III, trial of an inactivated, split-virion seasonal quadrivalent influenza vaccine in children conducted from October 2010 to December 2011 in 8 countries. Vaccine efficacy was estimated using a weighted Cox proportional hazards model. Estimates were decomposed into the direct and indirect effects mediated by postvaccination HAI titers.

Results
The proportions of vaccine efficacy mediated by postvaccination HAI titers were estimated to be 22% (95% confidence interval, 18%­–47%) for influenza A(H1N1), 20% (16%–39%) for influenza A(H3N2), and 37% (26%–85%) for influenza B/Victoria.

Conclusions
HAI titers partially mediate influenza vaccine efficacy against influenza A(H1N1), A(H3N2), and B/Victoria. Our estimates were lower than in previous studies, possibly reflecting expected heterogeneity in antigenic similarity between vaccine and circulating viruses across seasons.