bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
About the determinants of sexual crimes and their consideration in criminal proceedings
Authors: Volobuyeva O.O. 
Published: February 2024

The article is devoted to the problem of determining the nature of sexual crimes and their determinants, which should be taken into account when making decisions in criminal proceedings. It is noted that the change in 2018 in Ukraine of the criminal law interpretation of rape and other sexual crimes in accordance with the paradigm of the countries of the European Union made it necessary to revise a number of previously formulated theoretical provisions in the field of legal sciences of the criminal law cycle. The article emphasizes that the renewal of criminal legislation took place as a result of the influence of the processes of increasing the degree of protection of women from violence that took place in other countries. It is noted that these processes were a manifestation of the tendency to strengthen the protection of women’s rights against domestic violence, in particular in intimate relationships. The novelty was the normative consolidation of the provision that a key sign of sexual violence is the absence of a clearly expressed voluntary consent of a woman to carry out actions of a sexual nature against her. Such consent must be the result of a person’s free will, taking into account the accompanying circumstances during criminal proceedings.
During the investigation of sexual crimes, a number of factors are subject to investigation, a large part of which are determinants of the commission of sexual violence. They touch on the psychophysiological and sociological aspects of committing sexual crimes. It is noted that the psychophysiological aspect of committing sexual crimes is that their basis is human sexuality, which is an innate need and function of the human body at the level of instinct. The sociological aspect of sexual crimes consists in going beyond the norm of modern sexual behavior, which was historically formed in a certain society. When a sexual crime is committed, in particular rape, it is manifested in ignoring the absence of a clearly expressed voluntary consent of the victim to commit acts of a sexual nature against her (most often she is a woman). In connection with the study of this problem, the importance of a new scientific and practical direction of criminal law and forensic medicine, which was called criminal sexology, is emphasized. The need to take into account the provisions of criminal sexology, which highlight the interdisciplinary complex of the most significant problematic issues to be resolved in criminal proceedings regarding sexual crimes, is substantiated.
Using interactive learning methods during practical exercises on fire training
Authors: Zelenskyi Zelenskyi E.O. , Zadorozhnya R.V. , Fisun N.O. 
Published: February 2024

This article examines the use of interactive learning methods during practical exercises on fire training. The author considered the effectiveness and practical advantages of using modern technologies and interactive approaches to improve the educational process in the law enforcement context. The article analyzes the results of research and provides examples of successful implementation of interactive training methods during fire training, which contributes to improving the skills and knowledge of future law enforcement officers.
The article also discusses various tools and technologies that can be used for interactive fire training, such as virtual reality, range simulators, and skill monitoring systems. The importance of involving the military in active participation in the training process, as well as the interaction between instructors and law enforcement officers during training, is highlighted. Practical recommendations for the implementation of interactive training methods in the context of fire training to achieve a higher level of training and effectiveness of military operations are described.
Interactive learning approaches such as simulations, games, virtual reality, practical exercises and competitions are analyzed, particularly their advantages in promoting firearms proficiency and knowledge. The study describes the interaction of participants during interactive classes, emphasizing the role of cooperation and interaction in the learning process. The impact of these methods on improving the understanding of the material and ensuring effective learning is also considered. The results of the study provide an important contribution to the understanding and use of interactive training methods in the field of fire training, emphasizing their importance for increasing the effectiveness and interest in training, as well as improving proficiency in this area.
These interactive methods help increase the effectiveness of training and the practical application of fire training skills, ensuring better learning of the material and preparation for real situations.
Regarding the classification of special technical means of covert information acquisition
Authors: Yaroshenko A.S. , Boginich I.O. 
Published: February 2024

Based on the analysis of current legal acts and scientific literature, the article examines the issues related to ensuring security during covert investigative (detective) actions with the use of special technical means for covert obtaining of information. At present, these issues are in demand in the context of combating encroachments on the territorial integrity or territorial inviolability of the state, in particular, those related to the full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation into the territory of our country, the number of which has been increasing in recent years. In legislative and departmental regulations and special literature, scholars and practitioners have paid sufficient attention to the issues of legislative regulation of the organisation and use of special technical means in the course of covert investigative (detective) actions.
Thus, regulatory documents and technical support for covert investigative (detective) actions conducted with the use of special technical means do not fully meet the current operational tasks of the state law enforcement agencies. Therefore, the issue of further development and harmonisation of legislative and departmental acts, improvement and introduction of the latest technologies and modern equipment in the course of operational search, counterintelligence and investigative activities is relevant.
In the period of transformation processes which are taking place and changing the state and legal reality of the European Community countries, which Ukraine, in particular, is trying to join, an important issue is to ensure democratic and humane principles of the State’s functioning.
The scientific novelty of the article is the actualisation of the problems associated with the use of special technical means of obtaining information and the introduction of the author’s system of their classification in the course of covert investigative (detective) actions.
Ensuring the right to life of various categories of persons in conditions of war
Authors: Gerich A.Y. , Gerich A.V. 
Published: February 2024

This work examines the issue of ensuring the right to life of various categories of persons in wartime conditions.
In today’s conditions, the relevance and importance of the right to human life, its realization and protection is obvious, because without such a fundamental right, all other rights lose any meaning. Life is a necessary condition for the realization of all human rights and freedoms. This right is enshrined in all human rights treaties and is part of universal international law.
It is noted that the decisions of international and national courts regarding respect for the right to life during an armed conflict are not always clear, as they often lead to threats to governments to withdraw from international human rights protection mechanisms. Mechanisms for protecting the right to life need improvement. On October 30, 2018, the UN Committee on Human Rights adopted General Comment No. 36 to Art. 6 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, where he tried to solve the main problems related to the protection of human rights to life. But, despite the adoption of such an important act, many questions remain open.
The peculiarities of the state’s obligations to protect the right to life in the conditions of a military conflict include issues of jurisdiction in the conditions of the occupation of the territory; the list of obligations of the state during an armed conflict; the limits of the need to use force in legitimate military actions, in the context of the need to counter terrorist acts, conduct special operations; peculiarities of the investigation of facts of deprivation of life.
It was concluded that the right to life is an inalienable right of every person, which is guaranteed by the Basic Law of our country, normative legal acts and a number of international acts.
Characteristics of the subjective aspect of the non-submission of a declaration by a person authorized to perform state or local self-government functions
Authors: Zamakhin A.L. 
Published: February 2024

The article is dedicated to exploring the peculiarities of the subjective aspect of non-submission of declarations by subjects obliged to declare assets as persons authorized to perform the functions of the state or local self-government. The subjective aspect of a criminal offense is its internal side, reflecting the attitude of the consciousness and will of the person who committed the criminal offense towards their action and its consequences. Legal characteristics of the subjective aspect are guilt, motive, and purpose, which define its content. Guilt is the main and obligatory feature of every composition of a criminal offense. Article 3663 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine provides for a direct indication of the intentional form of guilt, but does not define the type of intent. Most scholars adhere to the point of view that this criminal offense can only be committed with direct intent, although some admit the possibility of indirect intent. Given that this criminal offense has a formal composition, the first point of view is more convincing. When failing to submit a declaration, the person must be aware of the social danger and unlawfulness of the action. The obligation of such awareness is also confirmed by judicial practice materials.
The content of guilt is largely determined by the motive and purpose of the criminal offense. Purpose and motive are facultative characteristics of the subjective side of the general composition of a criminal offense. They are mandatory only when they are directly mentioned or unambiguously follow from the content of the article’s disposition. In establishing the subjective aspect of the criminal offense under Article 3663 of the Criminal Code, determining the motive with which the declarant acted is of great importance. The absence of evidence indicating a specific motive for non-submission of the declaration is a basis for concluding that the person did not actually realize the social danger and unlawfulness of their action, and thus, the absence of intent in their behavior. The Higher Anti-Corruption Court supports the same position. The usual purpose of non-submission of declarations by the subjects is considered to be the concealment of assets and funds previously obtained as a result of committing another criminal offense.
Problems of teaching logic to law students
Authors: Gorban O.V. 
Published: February 2024

The problem of teaching logic to lawyers is, first of all, its abstract and formal nature, detached from legal practice. Therefore, secondly, the tendency to restrict or even remove logic from the curricula is provoked. This, thirdly, is followed by the lack of rationale for the majority of court decisions in Ukraine.
The purpose of the article is to clarify the subject of legal logic - the main question from a range of problems, the solution of which will contribute to the improvement of the quality of training of lawyers.
The conducted analysis of the research revealed sufficient validity of the subject of legal logic. The sphere of law has a strong-willed and competitive, contradictory character. This determines the need for a special, argumentative reasoning based on natural, not formalized language. It is formed in a practically directed dialogue, taking into account political, moral, etc. factors. At the same time, deductive incorrectness and incompleteness of the premises are possible, provided that the conclusion is rationally substantiated, sufficiently convincing, depending on the context of the legal discourse. Legal considerations suggest doubts about the identity of abstract and concrete objects and deviation from logical rules. This requires additional analytical procedures - interpretation and interpretation based on deductive and inductive models with opposite means and techniques.
In conclusion, the author’s position is the expediency of interdisciplinary teaching of logic to lawyers in one course with two content modules: formal logic and legal logic. Another option is two relevant courses. The professional level of teaching should be provided, respectively, by professors-philosophers and professors-lawyers. The best are teachers with two relevant educations.
The relationship between right and duty: moral and ethical principles
Authors: Popovych T.P. 
Published: February 2024

It is indicated that, in the modern period of conflicting legal norms, one of the means of ensuring the implementation and observance of constitutional obligations is the responsibility and sanctions of the norms of the current legislation.
It is noted that in the modern world, with the rapid development of society, the issue of compliance with law and morality is becoming more and more necessary and relevant. That is why considerable attention should be paid to the consideration, analysis and research of these two concepts. Today, law and morality depend on each other. Norms of morality and law are the most widespread and quite important for society. They are intertwined in the process of social regulation, their demands coincide in many respects: what law allows or prohibits, and morality encourages or condemns. The interaction of morality and law in society is a very complex and diverse process. Strongly influencing morality, law contributes to its intensive implementation in the minds of all members of society, at the same time, under the influence of moral requirements, law constantly improves and elevates its role as a social regulator of social relations.
The author emphasizes that the attitude to rights and duties in the context of a person’s legal status creates a rather complex problem for ethics and morality. On the one hand, theorists fix such qualities of moral demands as universality and a high level of commonality. Ethical theory in the sense of attitude to rights and duties inevitably uses as one of its bases the moral ideas of «ordinary man» or «ordinary human mind». It cannot simply ignore moral intuitions, although it can make attempts to discredit some of them, especially if they contradict the main body of moral convictions and are not accompanied by absolute certainty. However, moral duties to have a different character. They are an integral component of the normative system of universal morality and have an almost axiomatic character for the «ordinary person».
Socio-legal conditioning of the differentiation of criminal responsibility for corruption offenses
Authors: Lyashchenko V. 
Published: February 2024

The article states that it is advisable to consider the problem of social and legal validity of differentiation of criminal responsibility for corruption criminal offenses in two planes: external and internal.
In order to establish very specific restrictions on the use of incentive criminal law measures against persons who have committed corruption criminal offenses, the legislator needed an appropriate tool: the definition of the concept of corruption criminal offense subsequently. This is due to the separation in the General part of the Criminal Code of Ukraine of a group of corruption criminal offenses and the legal consequences of their commission, which constitutes, conditionally speaking, an “external” differentiation of criminal liability. There are also legal reasons for the “external” differentiation of criminal responsibility for a corruption criminal offense, since the concept of “corruption offense” is defined in the Law of Ukraine on Prevention of Corruption (Part 1, Article 1), and corruption crimes are generally conventional and have a relatively autonomous existence determined by the provisions of international law, those documents ratified by Ukraine.
The first step of the “internal” differentiation of criminal liability for corruption criminal offenses is determined by legal factors - the definition of the concept of “corruption” in the Law of Ukraine “On Prevention of Corruption”. The next step of “internal” differentiation is to take into account the types of special subjects of corruption criminal offenses and those spheres of social relations in which they participate and may abuse their powers or receive undue benefits. The reasons for such a differentiation seem to lie in the differences in the relations in which the above-mentioned special subjects are participants. The legislator, differentiating responsibility taking into account these spheres, firstly, determines the place of the article on the corruption criminal offense in the structure of the Special Part of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, and secondly, taking into account the importance of the relevant relations, constructs independent sanctions of criminal law norms.
THE P5 AND PPRA MODEL IN INCLUSIVE SCHOOLS
Authors: Fatimah Siti , Muhamad Chamdani  
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This study aims to determine the P5 and PPRA models (Projek Penguatan Profil Pelajar Pancasila and Profil Pelajar Rahmatan Lil ‘Alamin) as a Project of Strengthening Pancasila Student Profiles and Student Profile of Rahmatan Lil' Alamin in Inclusive Schools and their supporting and inhibiting factors. The subjects in this study were inclusive elementary schools in Kebumen, namely SD Negeri 2 Pejagoan and MI Maarif Sidomulyo. This study used a qualitative approach with a type of phenomenology. Data collection was through observation, interviews, and documentation. Analysis techniques used were the Miles and Huberman model, namely condensation, display, and conclusion/verification data. The results of the analysis indicated that the P5 and PPRA model in inclusive schools had been outlined in the annual program and school semester program, which were then developed in the flow of learning objectives and teaching modules, making them flexible according to the characteristics of students with special needs. The existence of good partnerships between schools, families, and the community was the dominant factor supporting P5 and PPRA, and the lack of learning facilities and media was an inhibiting factor in strengthening P5 and PPRA.
ANDROID-BASED APPLICATION AS A MEDIA TO SUPPORT THE LEARNING AND PRESERVATION OF JAVA LANGUAGE FOR MI/SD STUDENTS
Authors: Nina Indriani  , Siti Rodliyah Eka Agustina  , Alifa Feby Nur Aini  , Dita Dwi Cahyani  
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The development of the ABJA (Aku Isa Basa Jawa) application is intended to make Javanese language learning support media for elementary schools (SD) or Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) students interesting and fun. In addition, the development of ABJA applications is also intended to preserve Javanese art and culture, which are now increasingly fading. This application was developed using the Multimedia Development Life Cycle (MDLC) model consisting of six stages. The data analysis technique used was a Likert scale to interpret quantitative data. The results of the data showed that the feasibility of testing 15 children aged 6–9 years was 95.3% with a very good category, the material expert test result was 98.6% with a very good category, and the media expert test result was 89.5% with a very good category. Therefore, it can be concluded that the ABJA (Aku Isa Basa Jawa) application is an application that is feasible to use as a medium to support the learning and preservation of Javanese language for elementary school or Madrasah Ibtidaiyah students.
DEVELOPMENT OF TEACHING MATERIALS BASED ON AUGMENTED REALITY (AR) IN SCIENCE SUBJECTS AT MIN 1 KOLAKA UTARA STUDENTS
Authors: Husnaini  , Nurhikmah H  , Muin Awaluddin , Hakim Abdul , Pattaufi  
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The low student learning outcomes in natural science at MIN 1 North Kolaka were because students had difficulty understanding abstract concepts. One of the technologies that could be utilized to visualize abstract concepts into more concrete three-dimensional objects was Augmented Reality (AR). This study aimed to measure the validity, practicality, and effectiveness of teaching-based materials in Augmented Reality in natural science learning. The research method used was Research and Development with ADDIE model. The subjects of this research were students of class V MIN 1 North Kolaka. Based on the test results obtained: (1) the result of the material and media validation test was 4.41 in the valid category, (2) the result of the practicality analysis was 80.9% in the practical category, and (3) the effectiveness result obtained from learning test was 66.7 % in the effective category and student responses were good qualifications. Therefore, teaching materials based on Augmented Reality were feasible to implement in the learning process because they were able to improve learning outcomes and attract students' attention to learning. Integrating AR into the curriculum can improve the quality of science learning in class V of elementary schools.
PERANCANGAN PEMODELAN USER INTERFACE APLIKASI BUKU ALUMNI FAKULTAS TEKNIK KOMPUTER UNIVERSITAS COKROAMINOTO PALOPO DENGAN PENDEKATAN USER CENTERED DESIGN (UCD)
Authors: NIRSAL NIRSAL , SYAFRIADI SYAFRIADI 
Published: February 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang User Interface (UI) aplikasi buku alumni FTKOM UNCP (Univeresitas Cokroaminoto Palopo) berbasis website. Metode pada penelitian dalam merancang UI aplikasi buku alumni berbasis website menggunakan pendekatan model User Centered Design (UCD) menggunakan aplikasi figma. Hasil penelitian merupakan rancangan tampilan UI yang sudah dapat diimplementasikan ke dalam aplikasi buku alumni dengan hasil evaluasi desain menggunakan metode SUS (System Usability Scale) didapat skor rata-rata seluruh responden sebesar 89,9375, ini termasuk dalam grade score A yang artinya aplikasi buku alumni dapat digunakan dengan mudah tanpa perbaikan.