bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Social Determinants of Long-Term Opioid Use Following Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Hadlandsmyth Katherine , Lund Brian C. , Gao Yubo , Strayer Andrea L. , Davila Heather , Hausmann Leslie R. M. , Schmidt Susanne , Shireman Paula K. , Jacobs Michael A. , Mader Michael J. , Tessler Robert A. , Duncan Carly A. , Hall Daniel E. , Sarrazin Mary Vaughan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTotal knee arthroplasty (TKA) risks persistent pain and long-term opioid use (LTO). The role of social determinants of health (SDoH) in LTO is not well established. We hypothesized that SDoH would be associated with postsurgical LTO after controlling for relevant demographic and clinical variables. This study utilized data from the Veterans Affairs Surgical Quality Improvement Program, VA Corporate Data Warehouse, and Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, including Veterans aged ≥ 65 who underwent elective TKA between 2013 and 2019 with no postsurgical complications or history of significant opioid use. LTO was defined as > 90 days of opioid use beginning within 90 days postsurgery. SDoH variables included the Area Deprivation Index, rurality, and housing instability in the last 12 months identified via medical record screener or International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision codes. Multivariable risk adjustment models controlled for demographic and clinical characteristics. Of the 9,064 Veterans, 97% were male, 84.2% white, mean age was 70.6 years, 46.3% rural, 11.2% living in highly deprived areas, and 0.9% with a history of homelessness/housing instability. Only 3.7% (n = 336) developed LTO following TKA. In a logistic regression model of only SDoH variables, housing instability (odds ratio [OR] = 2.38, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.09–5.22) and rurality conferred significant risk for LTO. After adjusting for demographic and clinical variables, LTO was only associated with increasing days of opioid supply in the year prior to surgery (OR = 1.52, 95% CI: 1.43–1.63 per 30 days) and the initial opioid fill (OR = 1.07; 95% CI: 1.06–1.08 per day). Our primary hypothesis was not supported; however, our findings do suggest that patients with housing instability may present unique challenges for postoperative pain management and be at higher risk for LTO.
Just-world beliefs are associated with influenza vaccine intake intent in the United Arab Emirates: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Andrade Gabriel , Banibella Abdelmagied Elamin Ahmed , Bedewy Dalia 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAlthough not a prime public health concern, seasonal influenza remains a challenge in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). This problem is augmented by the fact that the percentage of the population intending to take the yearly seasonal influenza vaccine is relatively low. The purpose of this study is to assess if vaccine knowledge and just-world beliefs have an impact on willingness to receive the seasonal influenza vaccine. The methodology relies on a multivariable logistic regression analysis establishing predictors of vaccine intake intent and parametric tests comparing variables across gender and ethnicity. Results come out showing that vaccine knowledge is not a significant predictor of seasonal influenza vaccine intake intent. However, general belief in the just world is a significant predictor of vaccine intake intent. This has important implications for the role of religion in curbing seasonal influenza vaccine hesitancy in the UAE. Given that just-world beliefs are linked to religiosity, public health authorities need to consider relying on religious leaders to exhort the faithful to take the vaccines by framing their exhortations in the context of just-world beliefs.
Collective long-lived zero-quantum coherences in aliphatic chains
Authors: Sheberstov Kirill F. , Sonnefeld Anna , Bodenhausen Geoffrey 
Published: April 2024

In nuclear magnetic resonance, long-lived coherences constitute a class of zero-quantum (ZQ) coherences that have lifetimes that can be longer than the relaxation lifetimes T2 of transverse magnetization. So far, such coherences have been observed in systems with two coupled spins with spin quantum numbers I = 1/2, where a term S0T0+T0S0 in the density operator corresponds to a coherent superposition between the singlet S0 and the central triplet T0 state. Here, we report on the excitation and detection of collective long-lived coherences in AA′MM′XX′ spin systems in molecules containing a chain of at least three methylene (–CH2–) groups. Several variants of excitation by polychromatic spin-lock induced crossing (poly-SLIC) are introduced that can excite a non-uniform distribution of the amplitudes of terms such as S0S0T0S0S0T0, S0T0S0S0T0S0, and T0S0S0T0S0S0. Once the radio frequency fields are switched off, these are not eigenstates, leading to ZQ precession involving all six protons, a process that can be understood as a propagation of spin order along the chain of CH2 groups before the reconversion into observable magnetization by a second poly-SLIC pulse that can be applied to any one or several of the CH2 groups. In the resulting 2D spectra, the ω2 domain shows SQ spectra with the chemical shifts of the CH2 groups irradiated during the reconversion, while the ω1 dimension shows ZQ signals in absorption mode with linewidths on the order of 0.1 Hz that are not affected by the inhomogeneity of the static magnetic field but can be broadened by chemical exchange as occurs in drug screening. The ZQ frequencies are primarily determined by differences ΔJ between vicinal J-couplings.
Precise density measurements of refractory metals over 3000 K: Revisiting UV imaging technique at ultrahigh temperatures
Authors: Wang Lei , Cho Yong Chan , Le Nhat Thi Huu , Lee Yun-Hee , Lee Geun Woo 
Published: April 2024

Precise density and thermal expansion measurements of refractory materials are extremely challenging due to the chemical reactions and thermal gradients at ultrahigh temperatures. The UV image technique has been successfully applied to the density measurements at high temperatures above 3000 K. However, intense radiation from the sample can blur the edge of the sample image, leading to uncertain measurements. In this study, we investigate the influence of the contrast between the UV background light and sample radiation (B–S) on density measurements. We find that lower B–S contrast can significantly affect the calibration factor that converts image pixels to real size, resulting in underestimated density with scattering and overestimated thermal expansion coefficients at ultrahigh temperatures. This result underscores the necessity of adequate B–S contrast to ensure the precision of density measurements using UV imaging methods for refractory materials beyond 3000 K. By considering the critical minimum value of the B–S contrast, we successfully measure the densities and thermal expansion coefficients of four refractory metal liquids (tungsten, rhenium, osmium, and tantalum) with the improved UV technique, which are crucial for high-temperature industries. This work will be valuable for other imaging methods measuring the thermophysical properties at ultrahigh temperatures.
Cold stress changes the composition and function of microbiota in the content and mucosa of the ileum and colon in piglets
Authors: Zhang Shiyu , Li Yong , Wang Jun , Zhu Run , Sun Lan , Mi Jiandui 
Published: April 2024

Context Cold stress is a significant factor that contributes to the imbalance of energy in piglets during their early life. Recent studies have shown that gut microbiota plays a crucial role in maintaining energy homeostasis under cold-stress conditions. Aims This study aims to investigate the effects of cold stress on the microbiota and expression pathways in the colon and ileum of weaned piglets, providing new insights and methods for helping piglets resist cold stress. Methods In total, 10 piglets in the cold-stress group (n = 5) and room-temperature group (n = 5) were sacrificed. Intestinal contents and mucosa samples were collected for 16S rRNA analysis. Key results The results showed that cold stress increased the observed features and chao1 index in the colonic mucosa. The beta diversity of ileum, colon and ileum mucosa was significantly changed. Under cold stress, the relative abundance of Acholeplasma, Proteiniphilum, and Olsenella increased in the contents of the ileum and colon. The relative abundance of Ruminococcaceae sp., Butyricicoccus, and Lachnospiraceae FCS020 increased in the mucosa of the colon. Sphingomonas, Helicobacter, Cutibacterium, and Bradyrhizobium were significantly increased in the mucosa of the ileum. In predicted functions, after cold stress, the purine metabolism and degradation increased in the content and mucosa of the ileum and mucosa of the colon. The fat biosynthesis pathway increased in the content of the colon. Complex carbohydrate degradation increased in the mucosa of both. Conclusions These findings suggest that cold stress has a significant impact on the species richness, composition, and predicted functions of the microbiota in the ileum and colon of piglets, with these effects varying depending on the location within the gut. Implications Therefore, we can help piglets resist cold stress by modifying the structure of gut microbiota through the addition of probiotics or adjusting the composition of their diet.
Spin-resolved counting statistics as a sensitive probe of spin correlation in transport through a quantum dot spin valve
Authors: Hu Guanjian , Hu Jing , Wang Shikuan , Li RuiQiang , Yan Yiying , Luo JunYan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We investigate the noise in spin transport through a single quantum dot (QD) tunnel coupled to ferromagnetic (FM) electrodes with noncollinear magnetizations. Based on a spin-resolved quantum master equation, auto- and cross-correlations of spin-resolved currents are analyzed to reveal the underlying spin transport dynamics and characteristics for various polarizations. We find the currents of majority and minority spins could be strongly autocorrelated despite uncorrelated charge transfer. The interplay between tunnel coupling and the Coulomb interaction gives rise to an exchange magnetic field, leading to the precession of the accumulated spin in the QD. It strongly suppresses the bunching of spin tunneling events and results in a unique double-peak structure in the noise of the net spin current. The spin autocorrelation is found to be susceptible to magnetization alignments, which may serve as a sensitive tool to measure the magnetization directions between the FM electrodes.
Modeling of the resensitization effect on carbon-ion radiotherapy for stage I non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Inaniwa Taku , Kanematsu Nobuyuki , Nakajima Mio 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objective. To investigate the effect of redistribution and reoxygenation on the 3-year tumor control probability (TCP) of patients with stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with carbon-ion radiotherapy. Approach. A meta-analysis of published clinical data of 233 NSCLC patients treated by carbon-ion radiotherapy under 18-, 9-, 4-, and single-fraction schedules was conducted. The linear-quadratic (LQ)-based cell-survival model incorporating the radiobiological 5Rs, radiosensitivity, repopulation, repair, redistribution, and reoxygenation, was developed to reproduce the clinical TCP data. Redistribution and reoxygenation were regarded together as a single phenomenon and termed ‘resensitization’ in the model. The optimum interval time between fractions was investigated for each fraction schedule using the determined model parameters. Main results. The clinical TCP data for 18-, 9-, and 4-fraction schedules were reasonably reproduced by the model without the resensitization effect, whereas its incorporation was essential to reproduce the TCP data for all fraction schedules including the single fraction. The curative dose for the single-fraction schedule was estimated to be 49.0 Gy (RBE), which corresponds to the clinically adopted dose prescription of 50.0 Gy (RBE). For 18-, 9-, and 4-fraction schedules, a 2-to-3-day interval is required to maximize the resensitization effect during the time interval. In contrast, the single-fraction schedule cannot benefit from the resensitization effect, and the shorter treatment time is preferable to reduce the effect of sub-lethal damage repair during the treatment. Significance. The LQ-based cell-survival model incorporating the radiobiological 5Rs was developed and used to evaluate the effect of the resensitization on clinical results of NSCLC patients treated with hypo-fractionated carbon-ion radiotherapy. The incorporation of the resensitization into the cell-survival model improves the reproducibility to the clinical TCP data. A shorter treatment time is preferable in the single-fraction schedule, while a 2-to-3-day interval between fractions is preferable in the multi-fraction schedules for effective treatments.
Disorder-induced heating in molecular atmospheric pressure plasmas
Authors: LeVan J , Acciarri M D , Baalrud S D 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Recent work has shown that ions are strongly coupled in atmospheric pressure plasmas when the ionization fraction is sufficiently large, leading to a temperature increase from disorder-induced heating (DIH) that is not accounted for in standard modelling techniques. Here, we extend this study to molecular plasmas. A main finding is that the energy gained by ions in DIH gets spread over both translational and rotational degrees of freedom on a nanosecond timescale, causing the final ion and neutral gas temperatures to be lower in the molecular case than in the atomic case. A model is developed for the equilibrium temperature that agrees well with molecular dynamics simulations. The model and simulations are also applied to pressures up to ten atmospheres. We conclude that DIH is a significant and predictable phenomena in molecular atmospheric pressure plasmas.
Study on multifunctional resistive switching and UV light detection characteristics in p-PEDOT:PSS/i-BFO/n-ZnO hybrid structures
Authors: Rasool Asif , Kossar Shahnaz , Amiruddin R 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The present research work based on the newly prepared organic-inorganic hybrid heterostructure will be exploited to develop a multifunctional device including non-volatile resistance switching memory devices, and ultraviolet (UV) light detection behavior for the first time based on p-PEDOT:PSS/i-BFO/n-ZnO junctions. Using a spray pyrolysis technique, n-type zinc oxide (ZnO) and i-type bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3) thin film layers were prepared on the clean glass substrates at temperature 673 K. Using a spin coater method, the p-PEDOT:PSS were grown upon a bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3) thin film with a constant spin velocity of 2000 rpm and heated at 363 K. The current (I)–voltage (V), photoresponse characteristics and resistive switching (RS) behavior of the fabricated p-PEDOT:PSS/i-BFO/n-ZnO hybrid devices were carried out. The device shows high photoresponsivity (R) of 0.001 285 A W−1 and fast photoresponse switching speed with the measured rise and fall time of 493 and 970 ms respectively. Based on the electrical properties, a conductive filament formation/rupture mechanism is proposed to explain the observed RS characteristics.
Broadband tunable transmission non-reciprocity in thermal atoms dominated by two-photon transitions
Authors: Zhao Hui-Min , Zheng Di-Di , Zhang Xiao-Jun , Wu Jin-Hui 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We propose a scheme for realizing broadband and tunable transmission non-reciprocity by utilizing two-photon near-resonant transitions in thermal atoms as single-photon far-detuned transitions can be eliminated. Our basic idea is to largely reduce the Doppler broadenings on a pair of two-photon, probe and coupling, transitions and meanwhile make the only four-photon transition Doppler-free (velocity-dependent) for a forward (backward) probe field. One main advantage of this scheme lies in that the transmission non-reciprocity can be realized and manipulated in a frequency range typically exceeding 200 MHz with isolation ratio above 20 dB and insertion loss below 1.0 dB by modulating an assistant field in frequency and amplitude. The intersecting angle between four applied fields also serves as an effective control knob to optimize the nonreciprocal transmission of a forward or backward probe field, e.g. in a much wider frequency range approaching 1.4 GHz.
Mechanical behaviors and wear resistances of 3D-printed AISI 321 components for combustor swirler applications
Authors: Lee Sung-Jun , Jang Yonghun , Kim Youngjoo , Kim Chang-Lae 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This comprehensive study investigates the mechanical behaviors and wear characteristics of 3D-printed AISI 321, with a specific focus on its applicability in combustion swirler components for the power generation industry. Through meticulous exploration of various process parameters and postprocessing techniques, valuable insights were gained into the performance disparities between layered and cast specimens. Analyses revealed intriguing comparisons of key data points: while layered specimens exhibited higher surface roughness (4.37 μm), they demonstrated a lower friction coefficient (0.26) yet a higher wear rate (4.79 × 10−7 mm3/N·mm) compared to their cast specimens. Further investigation into the influence of layering direction unveiled that horizontally layered specimens presented smoother surfaces (0.26 μm), higher hardness (340 HV 1), and improved wear resistance (2.61 × 10−7 mm3/N·mm) compared to vertically layered specimens. Furthermore, the study examined the friction and wear characteristics of layered specimens based on the contact surface, including the top, side, and bottom surfaces. Lastly, a comparison of the mechanical behavior and friction/wear characteristics of layered specimens and cast specimens was conducted, demonstrating that the layered specimens fabricated using the Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) method exhibited superior performance. These findings underscore the significant potential of 3D-printed AISI 321 in enhancing performance and sustainability in power generation applications, while highlighting the ongoing need for continued research and development to fully exploit the capabilities of additive manufacturing technologies.
Research progress of noise reduction of composite structures of porous materials and acoustic metamaterials
Authors: Huang Chenyan , Yang Shu , Talukder Emon , Xiang Hongming , Jin Ying , Cao Saihong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Noise pollution is an important problem affecting people’s lives and work quality. In the current noise reduction materials, the porous sound absorption materials usually only haveagood sound absorption effect for medium and high -frequency sound waves, and the sound absorption effect for low -frequency sound waves is relatively weak. However, in recent years, the research on acoustic metamaterials has made a breakthrough which can effectively absorb or isolate low-frequency sound waves. Therefore, researchers propose to combine porous sound-absorbing materials with acoustic metamaterials to form a composite structure, that broadens the frequency range of noise reduction, so as to achieve the goal of full-frequency domain noise reduction. This paper first introduces the research progress of porous materials and acoustic metamaterials, and then introduces the research progress of composite structures that are made of porous materials and acoustic metamaterials. Finally, the application prospect of the composite field of porous sound-absorbing materials and acoustic metamaterials are summarized.
ZnO based ultrasensitive CO chemiresistive gas sensor
Authors: Dhall Shivani , Sood Kapil , Prakash Jyoti , Mehta B R 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The detection of hazardous gases in the atmosphere is a topic of interest for public security, environmental pollution and industrial emission. In recent years, semiconductor-based gas sensor attracted wide attention in all over the world. Among various hazardous gases, detection of CO at low temperature with fast response and recovery time is still a challenge. In this work, we have adopted single step synthesis of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoroads for the fabrication of CO gas sensor. This sensor is found to have ∼8% sensitivity with fast response time of the order of 10 s at 50 °C. Also, selectivity of sensor has been investigated for different gases and observed that ZnO is more active for CO gas at 50 °C. The sensitivity of ZnO based sensor is explained in terms of interaction of CO molecules with adsorbed oxygen vacancies in ZnO which promote better pathway to the charge carrier. The sensing material is characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), UV–vis spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). To the best of our knowledge, the detection of 15 ppm CO at 50 ºC with good sensitivity is reported first time.
DFT insights into i-MAB phase, Mo4Y2Al3B6: a potential thermal barrier coating and solar heat reducing material
Authors: Islam S , Rana M R , Das Prima , Hoque K , Naqib S H , Ali M A 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We have investigated the physical properties of the i-MAB: Mo4Y2Al3B6 phase via the density functional theory (DFT) approach. The optical properties, thermal properties, and Vickers hardness of the compound Mo4Y2Al3B6 have been studied theoretically for the first time. The correctness of the fine-tuned structural parameters is confirmed by their close match with experimental results. The compound’s metallic nature is established by an analysis of its electronic band structure, which is demonstrated by the overlap of the valence and conduction bands at the Fermi level. The mechanical and dynamic stability of the compound is supported by the single crystal elastic constants and computed phonon dispersion curve. The brittleness and machinability index has been studied to predict its usefulness in any form/shape. The compound’s ability to be exfoliated into 2D nanosheets has been proven by the f-index value. The obtained Vickers hardness value indicate the materials’ softness and ease of machining, aligning with the experimental findings. The thermodynamic properties are evaluated through phonon dispersion curves, including Debye temperature, free energy, enthalpy, entropy, and specific heat capacity. The potential of Mo4Y2Al3B6 as a thermal barrier coating (TBC) material is demonstrated by its low minimum thermal conductivity (K
min), low volume expansion coefficient and high melting temperature (T

m
). Key optical parameters, including dielectric functions, refractive index, photoconductivity, reflectivity, absorption coefficient, and loss function, have been computed and analyzed. The reflectivity spectrum suggests that the titled compound acts as a promising coating material for mitigating solar heating.
Investigation of virtual cathode generated by a tungsten emissive probe in a vacuum
Authors: Li Jian-Quan , Li Shu-Han , Ma Hai-Jie 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The virtual cathode characteristics (the potential barrier and the spatial size) generated by a tungsten emissive probe are investigated in a vacuum using the one-dimensional theory of the virtual cathode developed by us. In the calculation principle of the virtual cathode, the effective filament area for electron emission is treated with different models. Using the calculation principle, the potential barrier and the spatial size of the virtual cathode are calculated with the tungsten emissive probe heated from the beginning of electron emission to the end of the filament life. The calculated results show that the potential barrier of the virtual cathode generated by the tungsten emissive probe can reach several volts, the spatial size is on the order of centimeters, and the corresponding electric field is on the order of kilovolts per meter.