bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
p38/NF‐kB‐dependent expression of COX‐2 during differentiation and inflammatory response of chondrocytes
Authors: Ulivi Valentina , Giannoni Paolo , Gentili Chiara , Cancedda Ranieri , Descalzi Fiorella 
Published: February 2008

AbstractStudying cartilage differentiation, we observed the emergence of inflammation‐related proteins suggesting that a common pathway was activated in cartilage differentiation and inflammation. In the present paper, we investigated the expression pathway of the inflammation‐related enzyme Cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) during differentiation and inflammatory response of the chondrocytic cell line MC615. Cells were cultured either as (i) proliferating prechondrogenic cells expressing type I collagen or (ii) differentiated hyperconfluent cells expressing Sox9 and type II collagen. The p38 and the NF‐kB pathways were investigated in standard conditions and after inflammatory agents treatment. NF‐kB was constitutively activated in differentiated cells. The activation level of NF‐kB in differentiated cells was comparable to the level in proliferating cells treated with the inflammatory agent LPS. In both cases, p65 was bound to the NF‐kB consensus sequence of COX‐2 promoter. p38, constitutively activated in differentiated cells, was activated in proliferating cells by treatment with LPS or IL‐1α. In stimulated proliferating cells the two pathways are connected since addition of the p38‐specific inhibitor SB203580 inhibited p38 activation, significantly reduced NF‐kB activation and repressed COX‐2 synthesis indicating that p38 is upstream NF‐kB activation and COX‐2 synthesis. In differentiated cells, the treatment with the inflammatory agent neither enhance NF‐kB activation, nor synthesis of COX‐2 while the addition of SB203580 neither repressed activation of p38, nor COX‐2 synthesis, suggesting a constitutive activation of a p38/NF‐kB/COX2 pathway. Our data indicate that in chondrocytes, COX‐2 is expressed via p38 activation/NF‐kB recruitment during both differentiation and inflammatory response. J. Cell. Biochem. 104: 1393–1406, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Additional MDA‐MB‐231 breast cancer cell matrix metalloproteinases promote invasiveness
Authors: Hegedüs Luca , Cho Hyojin , Xie Xian , Eliceiri George L. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractWe are interested in two aspects of a given type of metastatic breast cancer: which potentially cancer‐relevant genes are expressed and which factors determine invasiveness. Using reverse transcription real‐time PCR, we detected gene expression of 26 matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in MDA‐MB‐231 breast cancer cells, including those of MMP‐12, MMP‐16 variant 2, MMP‐19, MMP‐20, MMP‐21, MMP‐23, MMP‐24, MMP‐25, MMP‐25 variant 2, MMP‐L1, MMP‐26, MMP‐27, and MMP‐28, in contrast to the 13 MMPs detected until now in these cells. We found that MMP genes are expressed at widely different levels in these cells, over five orders of magnitude. After individual siRNA‐induced depletions, we found that six additional species of cancer cell MMPs promote invasiveness in MDA‐MB‐231 cells: MMP‐3, MMP‐11, MMP‐12, MMP‐17, MMP‐19, and MMP‐23, thus raising the total to 12 endogenous MMPs which do so in these cells. The data support the conclusion that some cancer cell MMPs, although expressed at low levels, are needed for cancer trait in MDA‐MB‐231 cells, and that several endogenous MMPs play non‐redundant roles in this process. The mRNA level of MMP‐11, but not of other MMPs, rose substantially following individual siRNA‐targeted depletion of cancer cell MMP‐17 mRNA, while no MMP mRNA increased appreciably after degradation of other MMP mRNAs. This supports the conclusion that MMP‐17 may be a member of an intracellular signaling pathway which downregulates MMP‐11 mRNA. J. Cell. Physiol. 216: 480–485, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Contrast‐enhanced sonographic characteristics of neovascularization in carotid atherosclerotic plaques
Authors: Huang Pin‐tong , Huang Fu‐guang , Zou Chun‐peng , Sun Hai‐yan , Tian Xin‐qiao , Yang Yan , Tang Ji‐fei , Yang Peng‐lin , Wang Xiao‐tong 
Published: February 2008

AbstractPurpose.To evaluate neovascularization within carotid atherosclerotic plaques with contrast‐enhanced sonography.Methods.We used contrast‐enhanced sonography to examine 63 patients with carotid atherosclerotic plaques. The features of neovascularization within the plaques were analyzed and correlated with plaque size and echogenicity.Results.There were 81 atherosclerotic plaques, 62 of which (43 soft and 19 mixed) enhanced after injection of a contrast agent. The enhancement occurred from the carotid wall to the center of the plaque with a short‐line pattern in 36 plaques, whereas 26 plaques enhanced from both the carotid wall and the carotid lumen, with a sparse spot pattern. The arrival time of contrast was shorter (p < 0.001) and time to peak was longer (p < 0.001) in the plaques than in the carotid lumen. Time to peak was shorter, whereas enhanced intensity was greater in soft plaques than in mixed plaques (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively). Among the 19 unenhanced plaques, 6 were hard, 3 were calcified, 3 were soft, and 7 were mixed. The thickness of the unenhanced plaques was <2.4 mm.Conclusion.Contrast‐enhanced sonography allows the noninvasive, dynamic evaluation of neovascularization within carotid plaques, and the presence of neovascularization may correlate with plaque morphology. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2008.
Effect of season on thermoregulation, metabolism and ventilation of the southern brown bandicoot Isoodon obesulus (Marsupialia: Peramelidae)
Authors: Larcombe Alexander Neil , Withers Philip Carew 
Published: February 2008

AbstractSeasonal variation in various thermoregulatory, metabolic and ventilatory parameters was examined for southern brown bandicoots (Isoodon obesulus fusciventer) from a Mediterranean climate near Perth, Western Australia. There was significant seasonal variation over the four annual seasons at thermoneutrality (Ta=30°C) in body temperature, oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide production, respiratory exchange ratio, total evaporative water loss, wet and dry thermal conductance and tidal volume but not mass, ventilatory frequency, minute volume or oxygen extraction efficiency. Only carbon dioxide production and respiratory exchange ratio showed an annual pattern that was significantly related to season, with both being significantly higher in winter, presumably as a result of greater and higher quality food availability. J. Exp. Zool. 309A:175–183, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Strategy for improved analysis of peptides by surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) involving positively charged nanoparticles
Authors: Ngola Sarah M. , Zhang Jingwu , Mitchell Breeana L. , Sundararajan Narayan 
Published: February 2008

AbstractA strategy for improved surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) measurements that extends the variety of analytes accessible to SERS analysis is developed. The strategy involves inducing aggregation by mixing positively charged nanoparticles which form SERS‐active clusters when mixed with negatively charged silver nanoparticles fabricated using the Lee–Meisel process. To make positively charged nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles using the traditional Lee–Meisel process are fabricated and coated with a thin layer of silica and the silica modified with silane chemistry. Analytes with a significant amount of negative charge exhibit strong Raman bands when the strategy using these fabricated, positively charged nanoparticles for inducing cluster formation is used, enabling their detection and analysis. We envision the use of positively charged nanoparticles in cluster formation for expanding the range of analytes that can be detected using SERS and hence the range of applications SERS can play a role in. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Correlations between Raman parameters and elemental composition in lead and lead alkali silicate glasses
Authors: Robinet Laurianne , Bouquillon Anne , Hartwig Jean 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThis article examines the influence of the composition on the Raman spectra of lead silicate glass. Modern and historic lead alkali glasses and high‐lead glazed ceramics were analysed complementarily by Raman spectrometry and elemental techniques, either electron microprobe, proton induced X‐ray emission (PIXE) or scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive spectrometry (SEM‐EDS). The results showed that lead alkali silicate and high‐lead silicate glasses can be easily distinguished from their Raman spectra profile. In lead alkali silicate glasses, continuous variations were observed in the spectra with the compositional change. In particular, the position of the intense peak around 1070 cm−1 was linearly correlated to the lead content in the glass. A unique decomposition model was developed for the spectra of lead alkali silicate glasses. From the combination of the Raman and elemental analyses, correlations were established between the spectral components and the composition. These correlations permitted to interpret the spectra and access additional compositional information, such as the lead content from area ratio A990/A900–1150, the total alkali + alkaline‐earth content from the area ratio A1100/A900–1150 or the silica content from the area ratio A1150/A900–1150. In lead silicate glass containing over 25 mol% PbO, the compositional variation induced no variation in the SiO4 network region of the Raman spectra [150–1350 cm−1], therefore no correlations and compositional information could be gained from the glass spectra in this range of composition. This new development of Raman spectroscopy for the analyses of glass will be very valuable for museums to not only access compositional information non‐destructively but also to understand the structural changes involved with their alteration. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
In situ Raman study of mineral phases formed as by‐products in a rotary kiln for clinker production
Authors: Gastaldi D. , Boccaleri E. , Canonico F. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractPortland clinker production consists essentially in the burning of material with defined composition in a rotary kiln at temperatures around 1450 °C. The main fuel used in this process is coal, even though in the last few years the use of alternative fuels has been increasing. Four main minerals are formed, namely, tricalcium and dicalcium silicate, tricalcium aluminate and tetracalcium aluminoferrite. Along with these main phases, variations in burning conditions of fuels or in the local composition of raw materials can lead to the formation of relatively high amounts of secondary by‐products, which can negatively affect the quality of the final material. Characterization of these by‐products allows not only optimization of the process of clinker production but also the design of special refractory materials for the wall of kilns and preheaters. Being found as particles included in (or alternating to) a hard solid clinker matrix, a detailed characterization of these extra phases could be achieved only via microscopic techniques. In this work, micro‐Raman spectroscopy has been successfully tested as a highly selective method for characterization and localization of included minerals that formed as overlapped crusts deposited on the internal wall of a conventional rotary kiln for cement production, without any manipulation of the sample. Understanding the chronological order of deposition of these overlapped layers is extremely important, as it is the only way to go back up to the production process and to individuate the problem. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Coherent anti‐stokes Raman spectroscopy investigation of collisional broadening of the hydrogen Q‐branch transitions by water at high temperatures
Authors: Vereschagin K. A. , Vereschagin A. K. , Smirnov V. V. , Stel'makh O. M. , Fabelinsky V. I. , Clauss W. , Oschwald M. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractBy means of CARS interferometric line shape spectroscopy, the temperature dependences of the broadening coefficients for several Q‐branch lines of hydrogen molecules under collisions with water molecules were determined in the temperature range 2100 < T < 3500 K. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors and leiomyosarcomas
Authors: Katz Steven C. , DeMatteo Ronald P. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractOnly recently has gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) been recognized as the most frequent GI mesenchymal neoplasm. Prior to the use of KIT staining, most GI stromal tumors were identified as leiomyosarcoma (LMS). For primary GIST, surgery remains the principal treatment and adjuvant imatinib may improve outcomes. Multimodality therapy may also be effective in patients with metastatic GIST. In this review, we summarize the epidemiology, clinicopathologic features, natural history, and clinical management of LMS and GIST. J. Surg. Oncol. 2008;97:350–359. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Diagnosis and management of pleomorphic sarcomas (so‐called “MFH”) in adults
Authors: Nascimento Alessandra F. , Raut Chandrajit P. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThe existence of “malignant fibrous histiocytoma” (“MFH”) as a distinct entity is controversial. Previously accepted as the most common sarcoma affecting adults, it is now known to comprise a heterogeneous group of tumors without a specific known line of differentiation. Reclassification of many tumors in this group afforded better prognostication, but traditional treatments still apply. Pleomorphic soft tissue tumors for which a line of differentiation is debatable are presently categorized as undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma. J. Surg. Oncol. 2008;97:330–339. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Diagnosis and management of synovial sarcoma
Authors: Eilber Fritz C. , Dry Sarah M. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractSynovial sarcoma accounts about 9% of soft tissue sarcomas, most commonly develops in the extremity of young adults, is considered high grade and contains a characteristic translocation (X;18;p11;q11). While surgery and radiation therapy have achieved excellent local control, distant metastasis remains the principal problem limiting survival. Although ifosfamide based chemotherapy has been associated with an improved survival in patients with synovial sarcoma, the search for less toxic and more targeted systemic therapies is ongoing. J. Surg. Oncol. 2008;97:314–320. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Diagnosis and management of lipomatous tumors
Authors: Dalal Kimberly Moore , Antonescu Cristina R. , Singer Samuel 
Published: February 2008

AbstractLipomatous tumors range from benign lipomas to high‐grade liposarcomas. Liposarcomas are classified into five histologic subtypes: well‐differentiated, dedifferentiated, myxoid, round cell, and pleomorphic, which differ in outcomes and patterns of recurrence. Surgical resection is the mainstay of curative treatment; however, large, high grade liposarcomas may benefit from multimodality treatment with chemotherapy and radiation. A histologic‐subtype specific nomogram provides accurate survival predictions. Prospective randomized clinical trials will continue to improve our care of patients with liposarcoma. J. Surg. Oncol. 2008;97:298–313. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Expression of P53, P27 and KI‐67 in colorectal cancer patients of various ethnic origins: Clinical and tissue microarray based analysis
Authors: Cohen Tzeela , Prus Diana , Shia Jinru , Abu‐Wasel Bassam , Pinto Meir G. , Freund Herbert R. , Stojadinovic Alexander , Grakov Anna , Peretz Tamar , Nissan Aviram 
Published: February 2008

AbstractBackgroundThis study was conducted to determine survival according to the expression of molecular markers in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients of various ethnic origins.MethodsResection of primary tumor was conducted on 171 patients with CRC. Corresponding archived paraffin‐embedded blocks were retrieved and tissue microarray (TMA) constructed. Immunohistochemical staining of the TMA for p53, p27 and Ki‐67 was quantified by two independent pathologists. Survival was analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier product limit method.ResultsWith a median follow‐up of 65 months, 56 patients (32.7%) died of disease. AJCC stage correlated with disease‐free (DFS, P < 0.0001) and overall survival (OS, P < 0.0001). IHC staining was positive for Ki‐67 in 77.4%, p53 in 55.8% and p27 in 54.2% of patients. Primary tumor marker expression did not correlate with DFS or OS. The 5‐year DFS for Ashkenazi Jews was 75%, significantly higher than Sephardic Jews (SJ) 64% and Palestinian Arabs (PA) 38%, P = 0.001.ConclusionsEthnicity among Ashkenazi and SJ and PA appears to have a significant impact on disease outcome in patients with CRC patients, while primary tumor expression of p53, p27 and Ki‐67 was unrelated to disease outcome. J. Surg. Oncol. 2008;97:416–422. Published 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Qualitative model of concrete acidification due to cathodic protection
Authors: Peelen W. H. A. , Polder R. B. , Redaelli E. , Bertolini L. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractIn this paper a mathematical description and numerical implementation for ion transport in concrete due to current passage is developed, in which the heterogeneous equilibrium between Ca2+, OH− and the solid Ca(OH)2 is incorporated. The description is based on the Nernst–Planck equation for ion transport, and reaction terms for the dissolution/precipitation of Ca(OH)2. This description was implemented in the finite element package Comsol Multiphysics. In this way Ca(OH)2 depletion in a zone at a CP anode adjacent to a bulk of concrete with Ca(OH)2 could be modelled in one calculation. Drawback of this model is that the kinetic parameters in the reaction terms are not known, and must be chosen high to ensure the dissolution of Ca(OH)2 to be in equilibrium. This proved numerically challenging and sometimes caused long calculation times.The growth rate of the zone without solid depends on the current density applied, concrete cover, the pore liquid composition and the diffusion constants of Ca2+ and OH−. This rate must be evaluated numerically. This qualitative model of anode acidification shows no participation of Na+; therefore transport properties of this ion do not affect the acidification rate of concrete. The same would hold for any other ion included in the model, which is not involved in electrochemical or chemical reactions.
Galvanised constructional elements in contact with prestressing steel tendons
Authors: Mietz J. , Burkert A. , Lehmann J. , Burkert A. , Eich G. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractIn order to clarify under which practical conditions real risks for hydrogen‐induced stress corrosion cracking of prestressing steels exist laboratory investigations in aqueous solutions and concrete as well as tests with stressed prestressing steels were carried out. While different distances between steel and zinc (cathode and anode) showed only a negligible influence on the polarisation of the steel a significant dependence on the area ratio steel/zinc was observed. A critical area ratio of 10:1 can be defined above which polarisation of the steel to hydrogen evolution potentials is unlikely. The results obtained in the laboratory concerning the critical area ratio were confirmed by on‐site investigations in a precasting plant. Exposure tests with hydrogen loading did not lead to fractures during the testing time for approved prestressing steels. The characteristic mechanical values determined immediately after the hydrogen loading tests did not show significant changes. Thus, an indirect contact between prestressing steels and galvanised elements can be estimated as uncritical. But a direct contact has to be excluded by compliance with DIN 1045‐1, i.e minimal distance of 2 cm between prestressing steel and galvanised elements.
Stainless steel in concrete structures and in the fastening technique
Authors: Nürnberger U. , Wu Y. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThis paper summarises the state of the art in the application of stainless steel in concrete structures as well as in the fastening technique. Fabrication and application of stainless steel in civil engineering has been undergoing development for many years. Today this material is available in different alloy compositions and has an excellent long‐time resistivity in natural environments and in contact with wet construction materials, which offer a technically attractive and also economical approach for civil engineering, primarily for corrosion endangered bearing construction elements. The higher initial cost of using stainless steel can be justified on the basis that the increase in total project cost is small and is easily overtaken by the benefits of lower maintenance and repair costs. Actually stainless steel has been used in reinforced concrete and in fastening techniques for many years. The current concerns of research is the application of high‐strength stainless steel in prestressed concrete structures.
Advanced models for erosion corrosion and its mitigation
Authors: Schmitt G. , Bakalli M. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractErosion corrosion, i.e., flow‐induced localized corrosion (FILC) is initiated when flow dynamic forces surpass the fracture energy of protective layers or scales on metals. With a new model the maximum interaction energies between flowing media and solid walls can be quantified in terms of “freak” energy densities created during singular events (freak events) of perpendicular impacts by near‐wall microturbulence elements. The freak energy densities are in the megaPascal range and match well in the order of magnitude with fracture energies of protective layers and can be estimated from Wavelet diagnostics of electrochemical current noise measured at microelectrodes under mass transport controlled conditions. This solves the problem that wall shear stresses, generally used to quantify critical flow intensities for FILC initiation, range several orders of magnitude (Pa range) below the fracture energies of protective layers. The new advanced model allows for the first time to quantify the maximum fluid dynamic forces exerted on solid walls under different turbulent and disturbed flow conditions (one‐phase liquid flow on jet impinged surfaces and on coupons in rotated cages, surfaces impacted by slug flow and gas‐pulsed impinging jets). Drag reducing additives were shown to reduce freak energy densities to values significantly below fracture energies of protective layers and hence inhibit initiation of FILC. The onset of FILC can be monitored online with the newly developed CoulCount method, an easy‐to‐use, non‐invasive diagnostic tool which evaluates electrochemical current noise between jet impinged electrode pairs made from the metals to be tested.