bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Delayed effects of radiation exposure in a C57L/J mouse model of partial body irradiation with ~2.5% bone marrow shielding
Authors: Beach Tyler , Bakke James , McDonald J. Tyson , Riccio Edward , Javitz Harold S. , Nishita Denise , Kapur Shweta , Bunin Deborah I. , Chang Polly Y. 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionMouse models of radiation injury are critical to the development of medical countermeasures (MCMs) against radiation. Now that MCMs against hematopoietic acute radiation syndrome (H-ARS) have achieved regulatory approval, attention is shifting to develop MCMs against the adverse effects of gastrointestinal acute radiation syndrome (GI-ARS) and delayed effects of acute radiation exposure (DEARE). The C57L/J mouse model of partial body irradiation (PBI) with 2.5% bone marrow shielding (BM2.5) is being leveraged to examine both GI-ARS and DEARE effects. Within days of PBI, mice may develop H- and GI-ARS followed several months later by DEARE as a multi-organ injury, which typically involves the lung and kidney (L- and K-DEARE, respectively). The objective of this manuscript is to describe the dose response relationship and progression of radiation injury in the C57L/J mouse and to evaluate its suitability for use in DEARE MCM testing.Materials and methodsIn two separate studies conducted over 2 years, male and female C57L/J mice were exposed to PBI BM2.5 with one hindlimb shielded from radiation, representing ~2.5% bone marrow shielding/sparing. Mice were X-ray irradiated at doses ranging from 9 to 13 Gy at 10 to 12 weeks of age for the purposes of assessing ARS survival at 30 days and DEARE survival at 182 days post-irradiation. Clinical indicators of ARS and DEARE were determined by clinical observations, body weights, hematology, clinical chemistry, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of lung, and histopathology of selected tissues.ResultsC57L/J mice developed canonical ARS responses of hematopoietic atrophy and gastrointestinal injury resulting in dose dependent mortality at doses ≥11 Gy between 1- and 15-days post-irradiation. In animals that survived ARS, DEARE associated mortality occurred in dose dependent fashion at ≥9 Gy for both sexes between 60- and 159-days post-irradiation with histopathology examinations indicating lung injury as the primary cause of death in moribund animals.ConclusionThe PBI BM2.5 C57L/J mouse model reliably produced known H- and GI-ARS effects at doses greater than those resulting in DEARE effects. Because of this, the C57L/J mouse can be used to test MCMs against L-DEARE injury, while avoiding ARS associated mortality.
Towards an AI-driven soft toy for automatically detecting and classifying infant-toy interactions using optical force sensors
Authors: Udayagiri Rithwik , Yin Jessica , Cai Xinyao , Townsend William , Trivedi Varun , Shende Rohan , Sowande O. Francis , Prosser Laura A. , Pikul James H. , Johnson Michelle J. 
Published: March 2024

Introduction: It is crucial to identify neurodevelopmental disorders in infants early on for timely intervention to improve their long-term outcomes. Combining natural play with quantitative measurements of developmental milestones can be an effective way to swiftly and efficiently detect infants who are at risk of neurodevelopmental delays. Clinical studies have established differences in toy interaction behaviors between full-term infants and pre-term infants who are at risk for cerebral palsy and other developmental disorders.Methods: The proposed toy aims to improve the quantitative assessment of infant-toy interactions and fully automate the process of detecting those infants at risk of developing motor delays. This paper describes the design and development of a toy that uniquely utilizes a collection of soft lossy force sensors which are developed using optical fibers to gather play interaction data from infants laying supine in a gym. An example interaction database was created by having 15 adults complete a total of 2480 interactions with the toy consisting of 620 touches, 620 punches—“kick substitute,” 620 weak grasps and 620 strong grasps.Results: The data is analyzed for patterns of interaction with the toy face using a machine learning model developed to classify the four interactions present in the database. Results indicate that the configuration of 6 soft force sensors on the face created unique activation patterns.Discussion: The machine learning algorithm was able to identify the distinct action types from the data, suggesting the potential usability of the toy. Next steps involve sensorizing the entire toy and testing with infants.
Adequacy to immunosuppression management guidelines in kidney transplant recipients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia: a practice survey
Authors: Jacq Amélie , Auvray Christelle , Blot Mathieu , Bouhemad Belaïd , Casenaz Alice , Lamarthée Baptiste , Legendre Mathieu , Quenot Jean-Pierre , Zanetta Gilbert , Tinel Claire 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) poses an important risk of morbidity and of mortality, in patients after solid organ transplantation. Recommendations have been issued by various transplantation societies at the national and European level to manage the immunosuppressive (IS) regimen upon admission to intensive care unit (ICU).MethodThe aim of this study was to evaluate the adequacy of IS regimen minimization strategy in kidney transplant recipients hospitalized in an ICU for severe COVID-19, in relation to the issued recommendations.ResultsThe immunosuppressive therapy was minimized in all patients, with respectively 63% and 59% of the patients meeting the local and european recommendations upon admission. During ICU stay, IS was further tapered leading to 85% (local) and 78% (european) adequacy, relative to the guidelines. The most frequent deviation was the lack of complete withdrawal of mycophenolic acid (22%). Nevertheless, the adequacy/inadequacy status was not associated to the ICU- or one-year-mortality.DiscussionIn this single-center cohort, the only variable associated with a reduction in mortality was vaccination, emphasizing that the key issue is immunization prior to infection, not restoration of immunity during ICU stay.
Recortes da história dos determinantes para sala de aula
Authors: Araújo Ícaro Amorim Carnevali de , Chaquiam Miguel 
Published: March 2024

Diante da atual relação construída acerca da história da matemática com o ensino matemático e a ampliação dos recursos didáticos em direção a uma aprendizagem eficaz em matemática, apresentamos esse artigo científico com base na pesquisa a bibliográfica, de cunho histórico, na qual possui o objetivo de associar a história da matemática como recurso didático no estudo de determinantes à área de educação matemática, em que tal trabalho, cujo tem-se perspectivas entorno ao diagrama metodológico de Chaquiam (2022), no intuito de propor um conjunto de textos envolvendo História da Matemática que possam ser utilizados em sala de aula da Educação Básica durante o processo de ensino de objetos matemáticos. Em concordância, no que tange a evolução do tema, houve a sintetização de alguns recortes históricos em relação aos momentos de cada personagem, em que se atribui partes bibliográficas e contribuições sobre a temática, nesse caso, o estudo de determinantes. Ao final do texto, realizou-se a produção de intervenções e questões para serem respondidas a partir das informações contidas no texto. No que concerne aos resultados, mostra-se que a possibilidade de elaboração de textos com recurso didático, a partir do diagrama proposto, é válido para aproximar o ensino da investigação e de como se dá a construção de um determinado objeto matemático.
Visibility of ‘I’ in the invisible: a diasporic reading of invisible man by Ralph Ellison
Authors: Singh Bidya 
Published: March 2024

Ralph Ellison’s Invisible Man (1952) is awarded with National Book Award in 1953. It is a work of nationhood that discusses various topics like marginalisation, sustainability, crises of livelihood, supremacy and the socio-political instabilities. Modernity and the imperialist have brought diversity in the regional and ethical entities. Invisible Man deals with the need of willingness that is being suppressed by the unethical norms of colour, cast and creed. It also discusses the hardships of the Afro-Americans who survived in the mainstream with a spur of revival. So Invisible Man is on the other hand is treated as the voice of the marginalised. The novel begins with a first person narrative who is a black. The colour of his skin made him invisible even in his own eyes. So the question of being “I?” remains constant through out the novel. Apart from black identity and nationalism Invisible Man also discusses the substantial issues of individuality and personal identity. The narrator is being unnamed because it does not represent the black or the marginalised where as it represents the whole idea of the individuality. The novel seeks answer for the invisible ‘I’ who is needed to be visible and voiced.
Nova rota de sinterização do carbeto de sílicio em atmosfera oxidante
Authors: Costa Rhayana Ayamy Yamaguchi Gomes da , Alkimim Hellen Karina Pereira , Lima Eduardo de Sousa , Campos José Brant de , Souza Rodrigo Fernandes Magalhães de 
Published: March 2024

O método convencional de sinterização do carbeto de silício (SiC) apresenta custos consideravelmente inviáveis, uma vez que demanda a aplicação de elevadas temperaturas e uso de atmosfera inerte. Portanto, uma abordagem alternativa de sinterização foi estudada, utilizando fornos com temperaturas abaixo de 1700°C e atmosfera oxidante. Com isso, foram fabricados 3 tipos de amostras com as seguintes composições: SiC puro, SiC com Alumina e SiC com Ítria, todos produzidos com ligante base de álcool polivinílico líquido (PVA). Os corpos de prova foram submetidos a uma pré-carga de 0,5 toneladas para o tempo de um minuto e, posteriormente, aplicou-se 4,0 toneladas pelo mesmo período. Cinco corpos de prova foram fabricados para cada tipo de composição. Duas estratégias de processamentos foram usadas para comparação. O processo A consistiu na retirada do ligante com pré-sinterização até 1100°C seguida da sinterização até 1900°C sob atmosfera inerte. O processo B também envolveu a retirada do ligante com pré-sinterização até 1100°C seguida da sinterização até 1400°C sob atmosfera oxidante. As análises das composições foram conduzidas através dos testes de Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura (MEV), Difração de raios X (DRX) e Análise Termogravimétrica (TGA). O difratograma revelou que as fases cristalinas de Al2O3 e Y2O3 não apresentaram impurezas. No entanto, o SiC manifestou divergências em relação à pureza informada pelo fabricante. O TGA do SiC puro mostrou um ganho de massa pouco expressivo à 900°C, devido à oxidação em algumas amostras, e perda de massa devido à reação do SiC com o SiO2 resultando na formação do produto gasoso CO. Para os resultados de TGA do SiC puro, SiC+Al2O3 e SiC+Y2O3, observou-se um leve aumento de massa nas duas últimas composições e um aumento mais significativo no primeiro ao atingir a temperatura de 1500°C, o que pode ser atribuído à oxidação do SiC.
Women Tourism Entrepreneurs in KwaZulu – Natal, South Africa: Capabilities and Challenges?
Authors: Nzama Nompumelelo , Ezeuduji Ikechukwu O. 
Published: March 2024

This study conducted in the context of South Africa, aims to explore gender nuances in the performances of tourism-related businesses in the Durban Central Business District, KwaZulu-Natal, with emphases on traditional societal perceptions and access to capital. Questionnaire survey, a quantitative research method, was used to collect data from 150 tourism-related business owners and managers using purposive sampling method. Data was analysed using IBM’s SPSS version 25 software. Descriptive (frequency, mean), bivariate (Spearman’s Rank Correlation (two-tailed) test, Pearson’s Chi-Square test, Mann-Whitney U test) and multivariate (Reliability test using Cronbach’s Alpha) data analyses were applied in this study. Results shows that entrepreneurial performance is influenced by the belief system of the society, marketing capabilities, and the entrepreneur background. Hence, there may be the influence of African traditional societal perceptions on African women entrepreneurs to be more contented than men with the small size of their businesses (because society expects them not to manage large businesses). This study did not make a conclusive finding that gender plays a strong role in differentiating business success or performance. However, the study found that it is somewhat easier for female entrepreneurs to find business start-up capital. Based on this study results, authors recommend that entrepreneurial training and mentorship programmes should emphasise that gender has no role in determining entrepreneurial success. Better optimisation of marketing capability and increased awareness of entrepreneurs regarding sources of business funding, are crucial for business start-ups and success.
Instagram as a Digital Marketing Tool of a Hotel Brand
Authors: Silva Cândida , Silva Susana , Rodrigues Ana 
Published: March 2024

Social media marketing is increasingly seen as one of the main ways of communicating with consumers, platforms where visual content is the main form of communication, such as Instagram. The human brain is programmed to not only pay attention to individual resources, but also to the stories that these resources tell. Stories allow humans to relate, inspire, motivate, and often be persuaded, because they mix information with emotion. In marketing, this concept of storytelling focuses mainly on details of a brand's branding. Therefore, although content shared on social networks can reach a large audience, that same content can be abandoned in the same instant, and so marketers must consciously create content that is relevant and interesting to their target audience, that tells the story of the brand and that engage the target audience with the brand. The presence of hotel units on social media, particularly Instagram, is increasingly seen as one of the main tools in the hotel industry's digital strategy. This exploratory study evaluates the role of visual marketing by analyzing how it can impact the performance of Instagram posts from a five-star hotel group brand in the city of Porto, Portugal. 77 Instagram posts were analyzed according to the following categories: day of the week of publication, content creator, engagement dimensions (number of likes, number of comments and number of hashtags), presence of people, topic, visual content analysis method (objects identified and predominant tone), color (description of color and tone) and finally, storytelling (the presence of storytelling in the publication and the type of story). The Google Vision API platform was used to analyze the visual content and color of all the publications collected. This study reveals that hotels should analyze the colors, type of stories, photographic content and topics that have the most positive effect on consumers - making the most of the interaction with consumers, leading them to make a reservation at the hotel. In this sense, the main aspects of visual marketing that are most effective are suggested, in terms of color, topic and storytelling, as well as identifying good visual marketing practices.
Analysis of the Frequency of Occurrence of Polymorphic Alleles of Genes Associated with Biotransformation and the Mechanism of Action of Statins, Taking into Account Their Role in the Secondary Prevention of Ischemic Stroke in Patients Aged 18 to 45 Years
Authors: Витковский Ф.А. , Даниленко Н.Г. , Лихачев С.А. , Сидорович Э.К. , Пархач Л.П. 
Published: March 2024

Цель. Изучить частоту полиморфных аллелей генов SLCO1B1, ABCB1, ABCG2, ассоциированных с биотрансформацией и механизмом действия статинов, у пациентов, перенесших инфаркт головного мозга в возрасте от 18 до 45 лет, во вторичной профилактике. Материалы и методы. Объектом исследования были 137 пациентов с инфарктом головного мозга. Для генотипирования пациентов были использованы методы ПЦР-ПДРФ анализа, а также аллель-специфичной ПЦР с линейными разрушаемыми пробами (TaqMan). Аллель-специфичная ПЦР с помощью линейных разрушаемых проб (TaqMan) проводилась на амплификаторе в режиме реального времени CFX96 (Bio-Rad, США). Результаты. В результате проведенного фармакогенетического тестирования полиморфных аллелей генов SLCO1B1, ABCB1, ABCG2 установлена частота пациентов с низким, умеренным и высоким риском статин-индуцированной миопатии. Установлены варианты генотипов, при которых вероятность неблагоприятных исходов инфаркта головного мозга с развитием статин-индуцированной миопатии возрастает. Выводы. Персонализированный подход с учетом фармакогенетических маркеров позволит заранее прогнозировать фармакологический ответ на лекарственное средство конкретного пациента и определять тактику вторичной медицинской профилактики.
Purpose. To study the frequency of polymorphic alleles of the SLCO1B1, ABCB1, ABCG2 genes associated with the biotransformation and mechanism of action of statins in patients who survivors a ischemic stroke aged 18 to 45 years in secondary prevention. Materials and methods. The subjects of the study were 137 patients with ischemic stroke. For genotyping of patients, PCR-RFLP analysis methods were used, as well as allele-specific PCR with linear destructible samples (TaqMan). Allele-specific PCR using destructible sample (TaqMan) was carried out on a real-time cycler CFX96 (Bio-Rad, USA). Results. As a result of pharmacogenetic testing of polymorphic alleles of the SLCO1B1, ABCB1, ABCG2 genes, the frequency of patients with low, moderate and high risk of statin- induced myopathy was established. Variants of genotypes have been identified in which the likelihood of adverse outcomes of ischemic stroke with the development of statin- induced myopathy increases. Conclusions. A personalized approach taking into account pharmacogenetic markers will make it possible to predict in advance the pharmacological response to a drug in a particular patient and determine the tactics of secondary medical prevention.
Fly Ash Dan Kapur Sebagai Bahan Stabilisasi Pada Tanah Gambut Di Kabupaten Bulungan
Authors: Harwadi Fuad , Nurmalasari Nurmalasari 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT: Soil is a material that plays an essential role in the construction world. Peat soils have a bearing power and poor characteristics, so they need additional strength and improved support for stabilizing these soils, one of which is by adding a stabilizer material (fly ash and lime). The addition of fly ash and lime is one effective way of soil stabilization because fly ash has the properties of pozzolan so that it can bind soil minerals to be solid with the aid of the addition of lime. This research test aims to investigate the effect of adding fly ash and lime to CBR's physical properties and values on peat soils in Bulungan Regency. Physical property parameters score and CBR score were taken from the results of tests performed in a mixture of 20%, 40%, and 60% with 20 days, 30 days, 40 days, and 60 days respectively. The results of the tests showed increasing the volume of weight, density, pH of the soil, size of soil grains, the CBR score, and the decreasing score of water content and fiber levels. The best supporting score was obtained in addition to 60% stabilizer material and 60 days of taperingKeywords: Fly Ash, Lime, Stabilization, Fissionical Nature of Soil, CBR ABSTRAK: Tanah merupakan salah satu material yang memiliki peran penting dalam suatu dunia konstruksi. Untuk itu maka diperlukan tanah yang memiliki karakteristik serta daya dukung yang baik. Tanah gambut merupakan jenis tanah yang memiliki daya dukung dan karakteristik yang kurang baik, sehingga untuk menambah kekuatan dan memperbaiki daya dukungnya perlu dilakukan upaya stabilisasi pada tanah tersebut, salah satunya adalah dengan melakukan penambahan bahan stabilizer (fly ash dan kapur). Penambahan fly ash dan kapur merupakan salah satu cara stabilisasi tanah gambut yang efektif, karena fly ash memiliki sifat pozzolan sehingga dapat mengikat mineral tanah menjadi padat dengan bantuan penambahan kapur. Pengujian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh penambahan stabilizer (fly ash dan kapur) dan masa peram terhadap sifat fisis dan nilai CBR pada tanah gambut di Kabupaten Bulungan. Nilai dari parameter sifat fisis dan nilai CBR diambil dari hasil pengujian yang dilakukan dengan variasi campuran 20%, 40%, dan 60% dengan masa peram 20 hari, 30 hari, 40 hari dan 60 hari. Dari hasil pengujian yang dilakukan menunjukkan adanya peningkatan nilai berat volume, berat jenis, pH tanah, ukuran butiran tanah, juga nilai CBR, dan penurunan nilai kadar air dan kadar serat. Dengan nilai daya dukung maksimum atau yang paling baik diperoleh di penambahan 60% bahan stabilizer dan 60 hari masa peram.Kata kunci: Fly Ash, Kapur, Sabilisasi, Sifat Fisis Tanah, CBR
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN HUTAN KEMASYARAKATAN DENGAN POLA AGROFORESTRY DI DESA RANA KOLONG KECAMATAN KOTA KOMBA KABUPATEN MANGGARAI TIMUR
Authors: Diaz Renalthy Lidwina , Seran Wilhelmina , Riwu Kaho Norman P.L.B. 
Published: March 2024

Forest is a stretch of land with a certain area that is overgrown with trees and other plants. Forests have functions as production forests, conservation forests and protection forests. Through the Ministry of Environment and Forestry held a Social Forestry program to improve the welfare of communities around the forest through a pattern of empowerment and remain guided by aspects of forest sustainability and in the form of Village Forests, Community Forests, Community Plantation Forests, Customary Forests and Partnership Forest. Communty Forests activities are only applied in protected forest areas and production forests.
The purpose of the study was to determine the Communty Forests development strategy and agroforestry pattern in Rana Kolong Village, Komba City District, East Manggarai Regency which was carried out for 3 months from August - October 2020. The Communty Forests development strategy with agroforestry patterns in Rana Kolong village was formulated using SWOT analysis. SWOT analysis is a strategic planning method to evaluate the factors that influence efforts to achieve goals, namely comparing strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. The level of community dependence on forests is very high, as evidenced by the large number of people who have arable land in forest areas with cultivation of Cloves (Syzygium aromaticum), Avocado (Persea americana), Candlenut (Aleurites moluccanus), Cocoa (Theobroma cacao), Coconut (Cocous nucifera). , Areca nut (Areca cetechu), Aren (Arenga pinnata), Bamboo (Bambuseae), Coffee (Coffea), Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas), Cassava (Manihot esculenta), Porang (Amorphopallus muelleri), White Teak (Gmelina arborea), Sengon (Albizia chinensis) and Mahogany (Swietenia mahagoni).
The results showed that the strategy recommendation obtained to improve the Communty Forests development strategy with an agroforestry pattern in the research area was the SO (Strenghts-Opportunities) strategy, namely by using opportunities to take advantage of existing strengths with activities such as increasing community participation in managing and supporting the utilization of Communty Forests with a pattern. agroforestry, increasing the government's role in the development of local and non-local plants, compiling a management plan for the use of Communty Forests areas to develop wood and non-timber plant species in accordance with Communty Forests land conditions, seeing legal support on Communty Forests as a reference material.