bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 spreading prediction model based on a multi-head self-attention mechanism
Authors: Zhang Can , Sun GengXin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic is one of the most severe global health epidemics in recent decades. Its consequences have affected hundreds of millions of people in countries around the world because of the high contagiousness and mortality rate.
Results
To further improve the prediction accuracy of the long-term spreading trend of COVID-19, this paper proposes a hybrid neural network prediction model based on a bidirectional long short-term memory network (Bi-LSTM) combined with a multi-head self-attention mechanism. To achieve long-term prediction, this model combines multiple linear regression with the improved susceptible-exposed-infected-recovered (SEIR) model. The bidirectional long short-term memory network can mine important features of input data in both forward and backward directions, and the multi-head self-attention mechanism can capture different attention information to improve the expression ability of the model and help improve the prediction performance. The comparative analysis and prediction of multiple models are based on official real data.
Conclusion
The experimental results show that compared with the long short-term memory network (LSTM) and single chamber model, the proposed COVID-19 spreading model can achieve higher prediction accuracy.
Regional Blood Flow Spectral Parameters as Predictors of Epidural-Related Maternal Fever: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Shuai Fei , Jia Junxiang , Lin Peng , Liao Yicong , Xie Yuemei 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Epidural-related maternal fever (ERMF) is a common phenomenon that appears to be unique to laboring women and presents diagnostic and therapeutic dilemmas for anesthesiologists. It is crucial to identify and predict the occurrence of ERMF at an early stage to improve the outcomes for mothers and infants.
Method
A total of 103 women who had vaginal deliveries with epidural labor analgesia (ELA) were recruited into the study. Pulsed-wave Doppler (PWD) ultrasound was used to measure peak systolic velocity (PSV, cm/s) and end-diastolic velocity (EDV, cm/s) in the regions of the anterior and posterior tibial arteries. Measurements were taken 1 minute before induction of analgesia and at 5-minute intervals for the subsequent 30 minutes. The change of PSV (△PSV) and EDV (△EDV) at 30 minutes relative to baseline after induction of analgesia was calculated. Participants were categorized into two groups based on their body temperature during labor and delivery: febrile and afebrile. The study compared the differences in blood flow spectral parameters between the two groups.
Results
Of the 103 study participants, 73 were ultimately included for analysis. Thirteen participants (17.8%) in the study developed ERMF. PSV was significantly higher in the febrile group than the non-febrile group at 10 min after ELA (P < 0.05). In contrast, EDV showed a significant difference between the two groups at 15 min after ELA (P < 0.01). Based on linear correlation analysis, there was a positive correlation between PSV and EDV at 30 minutes after analgesia induction and the peak labor temperature (P < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis identified a cut-off value of 43.35 and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.701 for △PSV in the anterior tibial artery region (95% CI 0.525 to 0.878, P = 0.025) and a cut-off value of 29.94 and an AUC of 0.733 for △EDV (95% CI 0.590 to 0.877, P = 0.001). The cut-off value for △PSV in the region of the posterior tibial artery was 39.96 with an AUC of 0.687 (95% CI 0.514 to 0.860, P = 0.034), and the cut-off value for △EDV was 33.10 with an AUC of 0.713 (95% CI 0.558 to 0.869, P = 0.007).
Conclusion
Regional blood flow spectral parameters after epidural analgesia induction can predict the occurrence of ERMF by indirectly reflecting the degree of sympathetic activity inhibition. Specifically, the amount of change in peak systolic velocity and end-diastolic velocity relative to baseline parameters 30 min after ELA induction was the most predictive.
Trial registration
The research was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, and approved by the Women and Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen university Ethics Committee. The study has been registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (reference number: ChiCTR2400080507,31/01/2024).
Diagnosability Verification in Labeled Petri Nets Using a Twin Model
Authors: Hu Shaopeng , Hu Yihui , Murad Sharefa , Sharaf Mohamed , Li Zhiwu 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This paper deals with the problem of diagnosability verification in discrete event systems. Given a discrete event system modeled by labeled Petri nets that may contain deadlocks, a revised topology of the system, called a twin model, is established to test the diagnosability of the original net. This procedure employs a deterministic finite state automaton, called a diagnoser that is derived from the quiescent basis reachability graph of the twin model. We prove that the original net is diagnosable if and only if the diagnoser established from the twin model does not contain any cycle in which at least a state can reach an indeterminate state. Moreover, the proposed method does not need to calculate a complete or partial reachability set of the considered system, which in practice decreases the computational burden as revealed by experimental studies. Finally, a manufacturing example is presented to illustrate the proposed method.
Type 1 Diastematomyelia Presenting in Adulthood; an Atypical Presentation of Case Report
Authors: Shahzad Faizan , Shehzad Mustafa , Younis Humna , Shehzad Dawood , Saam Farhan , Nashed Ezzeldin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Diastematomyelia is an uncommon congenital spinal cord abnormality, which is classically found in females and children. It involves the splitting of the spinal cord, either by a bony spur or by a fibrous septum. Diagnosis is usually made by using radiological investigations such as MRI and CT scans. In this case report, we present a rare case of an adult presenting with symptoms of lower back pain, urinary incontinence, and decreased sensation in the perineum secondary to diastematomyelia. MRI was used for diagnosis and a lower thoracic spinal cord malformation was noted. She failed conservative treatment and was referred for surgery. A large Tarlov cyst was also noted upon operation. She tolerated the operation well and had good motor evoked potentials after the surgery. Moreover, she also reported resolution of bladder function at 3 months follow-up.
Antiparasitic activity of chalcones analogue against Trichomonas vaginalis: biochemical, molecular and in silico aspects
Authors: Fonseca Bárbara da Rocha , Neves Raquel Nascimento das , Strothmann Adriane Leites , Sena-Lopes Ângela , Silva Caroline Carapina da , Birmann Paloma Taborda , Savenagno Lucielli , de Pereira Claudio Martin Pereira , Borsuk Sibele 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Trichomonas vaginalisis the etiologic agent of trichomoniasis, a worldwide distributed sexually transmitted infection (STI) that affects the genitourinary tract. Even though this disease already has a treatment in the prescription of drugs of the 5-nitroimidazole class, described low treatments adhesion, adverse side effects and cases of resistant isolates demonstrate the need for new formulations. With this in mind, chalcones emerge as a potential alternative to be tested, being compounds widely distributed in nature, easy to chemically synthesize and presenting several biological activities already reported. In this experiment, we evaluated the antiparasitic activity of 10 chalcone at a concentration of 100 µM against ATCC 30236T. vaginalisisolates, considering negative (live trophozoites), positive (Metronidazole 100 µM) and vehicle (DMSO 0.6%) controls. Compounds 3a, 3c, 3g and 3i showed promising results, with MICs set at 70 µM, 80 µM, 90 µM and 90 µM, respectively (p < 0,05). Cytotoxicity assays were performed on VERO and HMVII cell lines and revealed low inhibition rates at concentrations bellow 20 µM. To elucidate a possible mechanism of action for these molecules, the DPPH, ABTS and FRAP assays were performed, in which none of the four compounds presented antioxidant activity. Assays to verify ROS and lipid peroxidation in the parasite membrane were performed. None of the tested compounds identified ROS accumulation after incubation with trophozoites. 3g molecule promoted an increase in MDA production after incubation. Results presented in this paper demonstrate the promising trichomonicidal profile, although further tests are still needed to optimize their performance and better elucidate the mechanisms of action involved.
TOM1 G307D variant alters interaction with TOLLIP impairing autophagosome-lysosome fusion and regulation of innate immunity
Authors: Lång Heljä , Roach Tiffany G. , Hölttä Maarit , Heiskanen Kaarina , Seppänen Mikko R.J. , Capelluto Daniel G. S. , Ikonen Elina , Ryhänen Samppa J. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Our study uncovers for the first time the role of TOM1-TOLLIP interaction in the regulation of the human immune system. A recently described G307D variant in the GAT domain of the endosomal adaptor protein TOM1 causes severe early-onset multiorgan autoimmunity and features of combined immunodeficiency. Through a combination of biophysical, biochemical, and cell culture experiments, we show that the variant causes a defect in the interaction of TOM1 and TOLLIP, another adaptor protein involved in cargo trafficking and regulation of innate immunity. The G307D variant deteriorates the ability of TOM1 to reduce TOLLIP’s phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate binding, an important regulatory mechanism for cargo trafficking commitment for both proteins. TOM1 G307D patient cells demonstrated aberrant autophagy manifested as an aggravated response to amino acid starvation and an autophagosome-lysosome fusion defect leading to accumulation of autophagosomes. Key inflammatory pathways showed exaggerated activation in TOM1 G307D patient cells, providing a plausible explanation for the patients’ phenotype. Our data highlight the importance of fundamental cellular functions such as cargo trafficking in the regulation of the human immune system and provide insights into the caveats of immunomodulatory and stem cell therapies in patients with TOM1 pathogenic variants.
The Influence of Erosion on the Dynamic Process of Landslide in Xinmo Village, Maoxian
Authors: Wang Zhongfu , Zhang Xusheng , Shi Fengge , Tian Ye , Wu Mingtang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

A large-scale, high-speed, long-runout landslide occurred in Xinmo Village, Maoxian, Sichuan Province, China, on June 24, 2017. It was characterized by fast sliding speed, rapid volume growth, and large impact area. To investigate the dynamic process of this type of landslide and the influence of erosion on its dynamics, using field investigation, numerical inversion, and simulation methods. The results showed that entrainment erosion was a major factor of landslide volumetric change and a salient feature of the landslide process. An exponential equation relating the Erosion Rate and the deposition volume was established. Moreover, the study found that a slight change of the Erosion Rate (1e-4) also had a significant impact on the lateral spreading, longitudinal runout, and vertical erosion. As the Erosion Rate increased, the lateral spreading, longitudinal runout, and vertical erosion of this type of landslide became more obvious. By using the coefficient of variation method, it was obtained that the Erosion Rate had a greater influence on the vertical erosion than on the lateral spreading and longitudinal runout. In the study of the velocity of the rock avalanche under different erosion conditions, it was found that the erosion amount and the landslide velocity were not strictly linearly related. This study has important significance for understanding the dynamic process and erosion effect of rock avalanche, and provides useful references and insights for future research in related fields.
Rapid Gelation from Lipoic Acid/Trometamol Binary Assembling for Realizing 3D Printing in Poly(Lipoic Acid)-based Hydrogel Bandages Production
Authors: Zeng Jiujiang , Wang Tao , Niu Dawei , Li Jinyan , Pan Haiyang , Zhang Kunxi , Cui Haiyan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Developing a strongly adhesive, easily removable and robust bandage is valuable in trauma emergencies. Poly(lipoic acid) (PLA)-based adhesives have been well-developed, however, the additive manufacturing and depolymerization of which remains a challenge. Herein, LA and trometamol are found to rapidly gel into a supramolecular hydrogel at room temperature with injectability and 3D printing potential. Meanwhile, the synthesized LA-grafted hyaluronic acid (HALA) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) are involved not only to optimize 3D printing, but also to be the macromolecular covalent crosslinker and giant physical crosslinker to co-polymerize with LA after printing to effectively promote fidelity and prevent the inverse closed-loop depolymerization of PLA in water. The hydrogel bandage exhibits strong adhesion (the adhesion strength was ~ 10 times higher than FibrinGlu) and enhanced elastic modulus and toughness, as well as immediate self-healing ability. Meanwhile, the hydrogel bandage can be removed with no residue by water flushing, showing protection to neo-tissue during dressing replacement. The in vivo healing of the incision and full-layer wounds confirms that the application of the hydrogel bandage significantly promoted wound healing by closing the wound, forming a physical barrier and providing an anti-inflammatory effect, showing great potential in future clinical applications.
The changes in public’s terror-to-death influence the dynamics of infectious diseases
Authors: Jiao Jing 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Previous studies about vector-borne diseases have emphasized the feedback between human psychology and diseases but neglected the changes in psychological processes. Here I first studied whether and how the two types of psychological dynamics in people’s Terror-To-Death (TTD) — periodical terror reinforcement and memory decay of terror — can influence the host-vector-pathogen interactions. Through developing a generic Ross-MacDonald model with TTD dynamics tailored for Zika virus transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquito, I found that in general, the increase in initial terror increases control effort, while memory decay of terror decreases disease control. Memory decay also exhibits a threshold effect: when initial terror is below certain level, TTD decay would not influence the system much; once initial terror reaches a threshold, memory decay of TTD can largely reduce the public’s control effort, increase mosquito population and disease level in the system under a larger mosquitoes’ carrying capacity. Adding periodical terror reinforcement could introduce dynamical oscillation to the system, dampen the peak of human infection, and shorten the time of disease outbreak. If the reinforcement frequency is large enough, system dynamics could approach the scenario with constant TTD in the absence of memory decay. This work significantly advances the theory in disease epidemiology and biopsychology and can provide guidance for disease control by considering the joint effects of initial terror, the public’s memory decay, and the frequency of terror reinforcement simultaneously.
Sarcomere gene variants did not improve cardiac function in pediatric patients with dilated cardiomyopathy from Japanese cohorts
Authors: Hirono Keiichi , Hata Yukiko , Ichimata Shojiro , Nishida Naoki , Imamura Teruhiko , Asano Yoshihiro , Kuramoto Yuki , Tsuboi Kaori , Takarada Shinya , Okabe Mako , Nakaoka Hideyuki , Ibuki Keijiro , Ozawa Sayaka , Muneuchi Jun , Yasuda Kazushi , Urayama Kotaro , Oka Hideharu , Miyamoto Tomoyuki , Baba Kenji , Kato Akio , Saiki Hirofumi , Kuwahara Naoki , Harada Masako , Baba Shiro , Morikawa Mari , Iwasaki Hidenori , Hirata Yuichiro , Ito Yuki , Sakaguchi Heima , Urata Susumu , Toda Koichi , Kittaka Emi , Okada Seigo , Hasebe Yohei , Hoshino Shinsuke , Fujii Takanari , Mitsushita Norie , Nii Masaki , Ogino Kayo , Fujino Mitsuhiro , Yoshida Yoko , Fukuda Yutaka , Iwashima Satoru , Takigiku Kiyohiro , Sakata Yasushi , Inuzuka Ryo , Maeda Jun , Hayabuchi Yasunobu , Fujioka Tao , Namiki Hidemasa , Fujita Shuhei , Nishida Koichi , Kuraoka Ayako , Kan Nobuhiko , Kido Sachiko , Watanabe Ken , Ichida Fukiko 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background:
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a progressive myocardial disorder characterized by impaired cardiac contraction and ventricular dilation. However, some patients with DCM improve when experiencing left ventricular reverse remodeling (LVRR). Currently, the detailed association between genotypes and clinical outcomes, including LVRR, particularly among children, remains uncertain.
Methods:
Pediatric patients with DCM from multiple Japanese institutions recorded between 2014 and 2023 were enrolled. We identified their DCM-related genes and explored the association between gene variants and clinical outcomes, including LVRR.
Results:
We included 123 pediatric patients (62 males; median age: 8 [1–51] months) and found 50 pathogenic variants in 45 (35.0%) of them. The most identified gene was MYH7(14.0%), followed by RYR2 (12.0%) and TPM1 (8.0%). LVRR was achieved in 47.5% of these patients. The left ventricular ejection fraction remained unchanged (31.4% to 39.8%, P = 0.1913) in patients with sarcomere gene variants but significantly increased in those with nonsarcomere gene variants (33.4% to 47.8%, P = 0.0466) and those without gene variants (33.6% to 54.1%, P = 0.003).
Conclusions:
LVRR was not uniform across functional gene groups. Hence, an individualized gene-guided prediction approach may be adopted for children with DCM.
Arch dam point cloud segmentation based on deep feature learning and normal vector data optimization
Authors: Li Huokun , Li Yuekang , li yijing , Lu Weichao , Zhu Zhixing , Feng Teng , Liu Bo 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Separating the dam body, spillway, and other structures from the point cloud in the dam area is an important step in dam deformation monitoring. Manual segmentation is time consuming and inaccurate. This study proposes a point cloud segmentation neural network model based on normal vector optimization suitable for dam environment: 1) This model utilizes the voxel uniform sampling method of equal length cubes to solve the problem of uneven point cloud density caused by wide range and long distance measurement during point cloud measurement in dam areas. 2) Designed block input and combined output modules in the model, achieving efficient input of large volume point cloud and eliminating the impact of interpolation points offset during seq2seq model decoding process. 3) In response to the diverse characteristics of point cloud normal vectors presented by vegetation, rock mass, and complex dam structures in the dam area, this paper proposes an adaptive radius plane fitting vector estimation method based on eigenvalue method to improve the accuracy of segmentation. Experiments on a prototype arch dam show that the proposed normal estimation method improves the classification accuracy of PointNet + + from the original 96.26–98.27%. Compared with the other three normal estimation methods (2-jets, Hough CNN, iterative PCA), the overall accuracy has improved by 0.82%, 1.22%, 0.22%, the mean intersection over union has improved by 0.0293, 0.0325, 0.0104. This study provides a high-precision classification scheme for applications such as dam deformation detection based on point cloud.
Casual association between CX3CL1/CX3CR1 and Parkinson's Disease: A Mendelian randomization and Colocalization study
Authors: Zeng Shan , Yusufujiang Aishanjiang , Li Hongyan , Mao Wenjuan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background: The association between CX3CL1/CX3CR1 and Parkinson’s Disease (PD) has been minimally explored in pre-clinical and observational studies. However, evidence from animal studies indicates that CX3CL1/CX3CR1 can exert both neuroprotective and neurotoxic effects on PD. Given the scarcity of clinical studies,our objective is to explore the causality between CX3CL1/CX3CR1 and PD using a two-sample Mendelian randomization approach in conjunction with colocalization analysis..
Methods: We constructed a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) to assess the causal link between CX3CL1/CX3CR1 and PD, employing genetic variants as instrumental variables, we intend to analyze the most extensive genome-wide association study data available for PD as the outcome measure. The primary outcome was derived using the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method .Additional analyses, including Mendelian randomization Egger regression, weighted median, and mode approaches, were utilized to reinforce the robustness of our findings. The debiased inverse variance weighted estimator was introduced to adjust for potential weak instrument bias. To robustly validate our findings, we carried out a comprehensive series of sensitivity analyses.
Results: Our study examined 33,674 cases of PD and 449,056 controls, revealing three key findings. We discovered that for every one-standard deviation (SD) increase in plasma CX3CR1 levels in monocytes, there was a 10.3% decrease in PD risk (IVW; OR = 0.897, 95%CI = 0.831 - 0.968, P_adj = 0.012). Furthermore, a one-SD increase in CX3CR1 levels on CD14+ CD16+ monocytes resulted in an 8.9% lower PD risk (IVW; OR = 0.911, 95% CI = 0.863 - 0.962, P_adj = 0.006), and a similar increase on CD14+ CD16- monocytes led to a 9.3% reduction in risk (IVW; OR = 0.907, 95% CI = 0.850 - 0.967, P_adj = 0.010). Through comprehensive sensitivity analyses, the reliability of these results was confirmed. Additionally, our colocalization analysis identified a significant association of the lead SNP rs6658353 with CX3CR1 expression in monocytes. This SNP also showed significant colocalization with CX3CR1 in both CD14+ CD16+ and CD14+ CD16- subsets, indicating its role in regulating CX3CR1 expression.
Conclusion: This study suggests a potential link between higher peripheral expression of CX3CR1 on monocytes and a reduced risk of PD. Specifically, increased levels of plasma CX3CR1, as well as its expression on CD14+ CD16+ and CD14+ CD16- monocytes, were associated with a decreased PD risk. These results lend support to the hypothesis that CX3CR1 plays a crucial role in the causal pathway to PD.