bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hospitalists' Attitudes and Experiences With Posthospitalization Care Transitions for Patients With Substance Use Disorders: A Cross-sectional Analysis
Authors: Incze Michael A. , Huebler Sophia , Chen David , Stofko Andrea , Wu Chaorong , Baylis Jacob D. , Wells Chesley , Babbel Danielle 
Published: March 2024

Background
Medical hospitalizations are relatively common among individuals who have substance use disorders (SUDs) and represent opportunities for patient engagement and treatment. Posthospitalization transitions of care are an important element of providing full-spectrum inpatient SUD care; however, little is known about clinicians' experiences with postdischarge care transitions.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study surveying hospital-based medical clinicians (ie, “hospitalists”) across 2 large health systems in the state of Utah to assess current practices, barriers, facilitators, and perceptions toward posthospitalization care transitions for patients with SUDs. We used Wilcoxon signed-rank tests to identify the most impactful barriers and facilitators among all respondents. We used logistic regression models to explore the influence of hospitalists' attitudes toward providing SUD care on perceived barriers and facilitators.

Results
The survey was distributed to 429 individuals across 15 hospitals. Eighty-two hospitalists responded to the survey (response rate, 21.4%). Most respondents frequently cared for hospitalized patients with SUDs (n = 63, 77%) and prescribed medications for SUDs (n = 44, 56%). Four respondents (5%) felt that patients received adequate support during care transitions. Lack of social support (P < 0.001) and social factors such as lack of transportation (P < 0.001) were perceived as the largest barriers to successful care transitions. Conversely, a partnering outpatient clinic/clinician (P < 0.001) and outpatient-based care coordination (P < 0.001) were perceived as the strongest facilitators. Respondents' attitudes toward people with SUDs had a modest effect on perceived barriers and facilitators.

Conclusions
Hospitalists perceived increased outpatient SUD treatment infrastructure and transitional care supports as most important in facilitating posthospitalization care transitions for patients with SUDs.
Exploring the Possible Role of Cannabinoids in Managing Post-cardiac Surgery Complications: A Narrative Review of Preclinical Evidence and a Call for Future Research Directions
Authors: Pollak Uri , Avniel-Aran Adi , Binshtok Alexander M. , Bar-Yosef Omer , Bronicki Ronald A. , Checchia Paul A. , Finkelstein Yaron 
Published: March 2024

Abstract:
Open-heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass often leads to complications including pain, systemic inflammation, and organ damage. Traditionally managed with opioids, these pain relief methods bring potential long-term risks, prompting the exploration of alternative treatments. The legalization of cannabis in various regions has reignited interest in cannabinoids, such as cannabidiol, known for their anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and neuroprotective properties. Historical and ongoing research acknowledges the endocannabinoid system's crucial role in managing physiological processes, suggesting that cannabinoids could offer therapeutic benefits in postsurgical recovery. Specifically, cannabidiol has shown promise in managing pain, moderating immune responses, and mitigating ischemia/reperfusion injury, underscoring its potential in postoperative care. However, the translation of these findings into clinical practice faces challenges, highlighting the need for extensive research to establish effective, safe cannabinoid-based therapies for patients undergoing open-heart surgery. This narrative review advocates for a balanced approach, considering both the therapeutic potential of cannabinoids and the complexities of their integration into clinical settings.
The Edmonton Symptom Assessment System is a valid, reliable, and responsive tool to assess symptom burden in decompensated cirrhosis
Authors: Donlan John , Zeng Chengbo , Indriolo Teresa , Li Lucinda , Zhu Enya , Zhou Joyce , Pintro Kedie , Horick Nora , Edelen Maria , Chung Raymond T. , El-Jawahri Areej , Ufere Nneka N. 
Published: March 2024

Background:
While there is a growing need for interventions addressing symptom burden in patients with decompensated cirrhosis (DC), the lack of validated symptom assessment tools is a critical barrier. We investigated the psychometric properties of the revised Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS-r) in a longitudinal cohort of patients with DC.

Methods:
Adult outpatients with DC were prospectively recruited from a liver transplant center and completed ESAS-r at baseline and week 12. We examined reliability, floor/ceiling effects, structural validity, and known-groups validity. We examined the convergent and predictive validity of ESAS-r with health-related quality of life using the Short Form Liver Disease Quality of Life (SF-LDQOL) and responsiveness to changes in anxiety and depression using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 from baseline to week 12.

Results:
From August 2018 to September 2022, 218 patients (9% Child-Pugh A, 59% Child-Pugh B, and 32% Child-Pugh C) were prospectively recruited and completed the ESAS-r, SF-LDQOL, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale at baseline and week 12 (n = 135). ESAS-r had strong reliability (Cronbach’s alpha 0.86), structural validity (comparative fit index 0.95), known-groups validity (Child-Pugh A: 25.1 vs. B: 37.5 vs. C: 41.4, p = 0.006), and convergent validity (r = −0.67 with SF-LDQOL). Floor effects were 9% and ceiling effects were 0.5%. Changes in ESAS-r scores from baseline to week 12 significantly predicted changes in SF-LDQOL (β = −0.36, p < 0.001), accounting for 30% of the variation. ESAS-r was strongly responsive to clinically meaningful changes in SF-LDQOL, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.

Conclusions:
ESAS-r is a reliable, valid, and responsive tool for assessing symptom burden in patients with DC and can predict changes in health-related quality of life. Future directions include its implementation as a key outcome measure in cirrhosis care and clinical trials.
The method of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis in the treatment of intracerebral hemorrhage: A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Liu Mengnan , Li Ziyi , Xue Jinyi , Zou Yuan , Deng Ziwen , Yang Sijin 
Published: March 2024

Background:
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is ranked as the second leading cause of death worldwide, it is essential to find appropriate complementary treatment to improve the therapeutic effect of ICH. As a traditional Chinese medicine therapy to unclog blood vessels and restore normal blood flow, many clinical studies have preliminarily proved the effectiveness of the method of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis (PBCRBS) in treating ICH. However, this method was once recommended to be prohibited in modern medicine. The purpose of this study was to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of PBCRBS in the treatment of ICH and to provide an ideal complementary therapy for ICH.

Methods and analysis:
All the randomized controlled trials on treating ICH by PBCRBS from Pubmed and CNKI databases from the establishment of the database to August 2023 will be screened. The subject’s data extraction and the risk of bias assessment will be analyzed. The Cochrane scale, Jadad scale, and GRADE scale will be used to assess the risk of bias, the quality of the studies and results. Revman V.5.4 will be used for meta-analysis and the results will be expressed as relative ratio for binary data and mean difference or standardized mean difference for continuous data.

Result:
The results of this systematic review and meta-analysis will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.

Conclusion:
PBCRBS is an effective method for treating ICH.
Performance of a Claims-Based Frailty Proxy Using Varying Frailty Ascertainment Lookback Windows
Authors: Duchesneau Emilie D. , Stürmer Til , Kim Dae Hyun , Reeder-Hayes Katherine , Edwards Jessie K. , Faurot Keturah R. , Lund Jennifer L. 
Published: March 2024

Background:
Frailty is an aging-related syndrome of reduced physiological reserve to maintain homeostasis. The Faurot frailty index has been validated as a Medicare claims-based proxy for predicting frailty using billing information from a user-specified ascertainment window.

Objectives:
We assessed the validity of the Faurot frailty index as a predictor of the frailty phenotype and 1-year mortality using varying frailty ascertainment windows.

Research Design:
We identified older adults (66+ y) in Round 5 (2015) of the National Health and Aging Trends Study with Medicare claims linkage. Gold standard frailty was assessed using the frailty phenotype. We calculated the Faurot frailty index using 3, 6, 8, and 12 months of claims prior to the survey or all-available lookback. Model performance for each window in predicting the frailty phenotype was assessed by quantifying calibration and discrimination. Predictive performance for 1-year mortality was assessed by estimating risk differences across claims-based frailty strata.

Results:
Among 4253 older adults, the 6 and 8-month windows had the best frailty phenotype calibration (calibration slopes: 0.88 and 0.87). All-available lookback had the best discrimination (C-statistic=0.780), but poor calibration. Mortality associations were strongest using a 3-month window and monotonically decreased with longer windows. Subgroup analyses revealed worse performance in Black and Hispanic individuals than counterparts.

Conclusions:
The optimal ascertainment window for the Faurot frailty index may depend on the clinical context, and researchers should consider tradeoffs between discrimination, calibration, and mortality. Sensitivity analyses using different durations can enhance the robustness of inferences. Research is needed to improve prediction across racial and ethnic groups.
Super giant basal cell carcinoma: a comprehensive systematic review
Authors: Kang Ajaipal S. , Kang Genelia , Kathuria Harjaap S. 
Published: March 2024

Super giant basal cell carcinoma (SGBCC), defined as greater than 20 cm in diameter, is a rare oncological entity, with scarce literature. The authors conducted a review to characterize SGBCC, specifically with regards to age, sex predilection, risk factors, geographical location, body site, metastasis, and treatment. A systematic literature search was conducted from 1972 to 2023. All abstracts, studies, and citations were reviewed. The initial result showed 47 281 articles and were filtered down for human, skin, English language, and SGBCC. The authors identified 20 case reports for our analysis. The sample size was too small to conduct extensive statistical analysis. Majority of the cases were reported in North America and Europe. Males outnumbered almost females 2:1. The mean age was 61 years. The lesion was located on trunk in 16 out of 20 cases. In 13 out of 20 years, the lesion had been present for more than 10 years and 7 out of 20 cases reported metastasis. Several reports documented low socioeconomic status and poor mental health. Regarding treatment, 11 patients underwent surgery, radiation was utilized in 6 patients and immunotherapy (Vismodegib) in 4 patients. Although basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is known to have a favorable prognosis, SGBCC is highly aggressive with ability to metastasize. Our review reveals SGBCC is commonly diagnosed in males in their sixth decade, present for more than 10 years duration, risk factors include low socioeconomic status and poor mental health, commonly found on the trunk with a predilection for metastasis. The authors believe self-neglect is the likely etiology of the large size. Treatment options may be multimodal with a combination of surgery, radiation therapy or immunotherapy (Vismodegib).
Intestinal obstruction induced by portal vein thrombosis in a female undergoing oral contraceptive therapy: a case report with comprehensive review
Authors: William Munna , Yogi Tek Nath , Bhusal Amrit , Habib Mudasira , Raza Amjad Ali , Ahmad Waqar , Yadav Ajay Kumar , Rawal Objan Kumar , Pathik Pramod 
Published: March 2024

Introduction:
Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a rare medical condition that obstructs blood flow in the portal vein, with cirrhosis as a common predisposing factor. However, its association with oral contraceptive pills (OCPs), particularly with progestins, remains inadequately explored. This case report aims to contribute to this understanding, focusing on the rare presentation of PVT-induced intestinal obstruction in a female on prolonged OCP therapy.

Case presentation:
A 45-year-old female presented with severe abdominal pain, vomiting, and constipation. Diagnosis revealed PVT-induced intestinal obstruction, an exceptionally rare occurrence in the context of prolonged OCP therapy. The patient’s symptoms improved with conservative management, including rivaroxaban, highlighting the crucial role of early intervention.

Discussion:
This case brings attention to the limited literature exploring the link between OCPs and PVT. Despite the generally safe reputation of OCPs, they can induce pro-thrombotic conditions, emphasizing the need for heightened clinical awareness. In this case, the rarity of intestinal obstruction in PVT, compounded by the absence of common risk factors, underscores the diagnostic challenges associated with such presentations.

Conclusion:
PVT-induced intestinal obstruction in a patient on prolonged OCP therapy is exceptionally rare, emphasizing the necessity for multidisciplinary management. It provides crucial insights into suspecting, identifying, and treating this uncommon complication in non-cirrhotic individuals, contributing to the limited existing literature on the subject.
“Opportunistic Care”: A Focus Group Study of Nurses’ Perspective on Caring for Long-term Cancer Survivors and Their Families
Authors: Elizondo Rodríguez Nerea , La Rosa -Salas Virginia , Leite Ana Carolina Andrade Biaggi , Domingo-Osle Marta , Nascimento Lucila Castanheira , García-Vivar Cristina 
Published: March 2024

Background
The global population of long-term cancer survivors is increasing, thanks to advances in treatments and care. Healthcare systems are working to address the unique needs of these individuals. However, there remains a knowledge gap concerning nurses’ view on cancer survivorship care.

Objective
To identify nurses’ perspective of care for long-term cancer survivors and their families.

Methods
This qualitative descriptive study used 5 focus groups comprising 33 nurses from primary healthcare and specialized oncology care. Data analysis was conducted through thematic analysis, and the study received ethical approval.

Results
Long-term cancer survivors and their families often remained unrecognized as a distinct group within the healthcare system. Consequently, nurses provide what can be termed as “opportunistic care” during nurse-survivor encounters, addressing health needs beyond the purpose of the initial healthcare visit. This absence of a systematic or structured approach for this patient group has prompted nurses to seek the establishment of a comprehensive framework through survivorship care plans, thus ensuring a continuum of care for this specific population.

Conclusion
The lack of a structured approach to caring for long-term cancer survivors and their families, often invisible as a distinct population group, results in nurses providing care on an opportunistic basis.

Implications for practice
It is crucial to develop and implement survivorship care plans tailored to this population’s needs. Simultaneously, it is important to advance research in this area and establish an educational framework for nurses, enabling them to effectively address the care of long-term cancer survivors and their families.
Congenital Anomalies in Multiple Pregnancy: A Literature Review
Authors: Shin Jae Eun , Ko Hyun Sun , Bae Jin Young , Seong Won Joon , Ahn Tae Gyu , Han You Jung , Cho Geum Joon , Park In Yang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Importance
Multiple pregnancy is relatively common in many countries and is associated with various pregnancy complications, including preterm birth, low birth weight, and congenital anomalies. In particular, a poorer prognosis has been reported when congenital anomalies overlap with other pregnancy complications in multiple pregnancy compared with singleton pregnancy.

Objective
This study reviews the characteristics of congenital anomalies that occur in multiple gestations as compared with singleton pregnancies.

Evidence Acquisition
An extensive manual search of major electronic databases was conducted in June 2023. This literature review provides a comprehensive coverage of the congenital anomalies in multiple pregnancy.

Results
Most studies have shown that multiple gestations are associated with an increased risk of congenital anomalies compared with singleton pregnancies. In addition, higher rates of congenital anomalies and concordance have been observed in monozygotic versus dizygotic twins. The effect of assisted reproductive therapies on the risk of congenital anomalies appears to be smaller in multiple gestations than in singleton pregnancies.

Conclusions
Multiple pregnancy is significantly associated with an increased risk of congenital anomalies.

Relevance
This review provides obstetrical providers with the requisite knowledge to offer appropriate antenatal care and prenatal anomaly screening to patients with multiple pregnancies.

Target Audience
Obstetrics and gynecology specialists and family physicians.

Learning Objectives
After participating in this activity, the learners should be better able to explain the prevalence and trend of congenital anomalies in multiple pregnancy; describe the importance of zygosity in prevalence and concordance in multiple pregnancy; and describe the effect of assisted reproductive therapies on the risk of congenital anomalies.
“Diffuse Hot Pleura” in a Case of Recurrent Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Foot
Authors: Ashwathanaryana Abhiram G. , Krishna Sarin , Chaturmohta Arpan , Joshi Parvathi , Asrani Shubham 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the second most common nonmelanoma skin cancer. Unlike basal cell carcinoma, regional lymph nodal metastases and subsequent distant site metastases are more common. Up to approximately 2% to 5% of cSCCs can result in distant metastases. Prognosis is dismal, and median survival is distinctly shortened in case of distant metastatic disease. Diffuse pleural metastases with distinctive overarching unilateral involvement are uncommon. Cutaneous SCC commonly metastasizes to lymph nodes, lungs, liver, bones, and skin. Diffuse unilateral pleural metastasis of cSCC of the foot is extremely rare. We report the case of a 54-year-old man with recurrent cSCC. On follow up restaging, 18F-FDG PET/CT revealed diffuse nodular bipleural (visceral and parietal) hypermetabolic right pleural thickening, which was later biopsied and turned out to be diffuse pleural metastases from cSCC giving appearance of “hot pleura.”
Tumor-Induced Parkinsonism Due to a Large Meningioma Diagnosed by 99mTc-TRODAT-1 SPECT/CT
Authors: Alipour Abdolmajid , Ghaedian Tahereh , Yazdani Babak , Rakhsha Abbas , Ostovan Vahid Reza 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
A 67-year-old woman complained of rest and postural tremors in her left upper extremity, associated with bradykinesia and gait disorder since 2 years ago, with no significant response to antiparkinsonism drugs. Dopamine transporter SPECT/CT revealed a remarkable area of 99mTc-TRODAT-1 uptake in a huge tumoral lesion in the right frontotemporal region, compressing and dislocating the right striatum with evidence of significant midline shift. The patient underwent surgical resection with a diagnosis of meningioma on preoperative MRI and postoperative histology report, experiencing a marked recovery in symptoms after 1 month.
Delineating the Role of ITGAM in Macrophage Dynamics and Cardiac Modulation during Sepsis-Induced Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Wang Qinxue , Huang Haobin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundSepsis-induced cardiomyopathy (SIC) represents a critical complication of sepsis, characterized by reversible myocardial dysfunction and alterations. Despite extensive research, the molecular mechanisms underlying SIC remain poorly understood.MethodsUtilizing bioinformatics analysis of RNA-seq and scRNA-seq data from the GEO database, we identified key immune cell populations and molecular markers associated with SIC. Our in vitro and in vivo studies focused on the roles of ITGAM and ICAM-1 in macrophage recruitment and transformation as well as the impact of these changes on cardiac function.ResultsBioinformatics analysis revealed significant alterations in gene expression and immune cell composition in cardiac tissue during SIC, with macrophages being the predominant immune cell type. ITGAM was identified as crucial molecule in this process. In vitro experiments demonstrated an upregulation of ITGAM in macrophages and ICAM-1 in endothelial cells following LPS stimulation, indicating their roles in immune cell recruitment and interaction. Furthermore, the use of ITGAM-neutralizing antibodies led to reduced macrophages infiltration and initially improved cardiac function in SIC mice, but resulted in increased mortality in later stages. These findings highlight the dual role of ITGAM in SIC, facilitating early-stage inflammation and later-stage cardiac recovery.ConclusionThis study elucidates the complex dynamics of immune cells in SIC, with a particular emphasis on the role of ITGAM in macrophage modulation. The findings provide new insights into the reversible nature of myocardial dysfunction in SIC and underscore the importance of targeted therapeutic strategies for effective sepsis management.HighlightsIdentifies ITGAM as a key modulator in macrophage dynamics during sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy (SIC).Elucidates the impact of ITGAM on cardiac function in SIC.Reveals new insights into the immune-cellular mechanisms in SIC pathology.