bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Blaming the house: women's efforts to preserve marriage in a rural Sinhala village
Authors: Udalagama Tharindi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn rural Sri Lanka, marital tension, frequently leading to violence, is an increasing problem. This article explores how the house becomes both the source of problems and a possible solution to them. By examining the way that the social, material, and symbolic dimensions of houses are made to interact, I show how women effect the shaping of social relations and homemaking. Specifically, I focus on how houses become spaces where women are expected to embody the ideals of wifehood and motherhood, thereby creating and maintaining a ‘good house’. Drawing on ethnographic research conducted over fourteen months in a rural village, I illustrate the ways in which women actively engage in strategies to construct and preserve their houses as spaces free from violence. I describe how women, in addition to their traditional caregiving roles, employ the science of architecture (vāstu vidyava) to restructure their houses as a way to promote peace and prosperity. As a result, houses emerge as strategic allies in women's lives, facilitating their pursuit of the desired ‘good life’.
Analysis of spatial and seasonal variations of Haemaphysalis longicornis population based on field survey collected under different habitats and years
Authors: Yoon Sunhee , Jung Jae‐Min , Oh Sumin , Bae Jongmin , Byun Hye‐Min , Choi Subin , Jang Geunho , Kang Minjoon , Kim Eunji , Park Jaekook , Seong Keon Mook , Lee Wang‐Hee , Jung Sunghoon 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTicks are vectors of disease‐causing pathogens and are found on domestic and wild animals; thus, they are also vectors of significant human diseases. For this reason, pre‐emptive measures to prevent tick‐borne diseases are necessary in the form of exploring their major habitats, population increase period, and factors affecting their population growth, all of which indicate the purpose of this study. In the study, a variation of Haemaphysalis longicornis, a major vector of fever‐causing conditions, was statistically analyzed to identify the spatial and climatic factors affecting the time‐dependent variations of its population. The survey occurred in different habitats (grassland, mixed forest, deciduous forest, and coniferous forest) in South Korea. In addition, we fitted a phenology model by using a probability function to find the peak occurrence time annually. As a result, the numbers of adults and nymphs were found to be related to temperature and relative humidity and their population peaked at the end of May in all habitats except deciduous forests. This study is expected to provide information on habitat types, times, and climate patterns that require attention to help control H. longicornis populations.
Behind closed doors: Informal influence on United Nations staffing and pathologies of international bureaucracies
Authors: Gui Tianhan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis research explores the mechanisms through which member states informally shape staffing decisions in the United Nations, extending the traditional view of influence beyond mere structural power within international organizations. Interviews with UN officials uncover three primary informal governance tactics: leveraging financial contributions, nurturing social networks, and fostering educational and institutional pathways for grooming candidates. These strategies subtly impact UN staffing, policy development, and access to sensitive information. The study points to the UN's structural challenges, such as reliance on voluntary funding and decentralized administration, which, coupled with the intertwined interests across organizational levels and the lack of effective oversight mechanisms, enable member states' informal influence. This environment not only restricts the involvement of developing countries but also undermines the UN's legitimacy and effectiveness. The findings illuminate the intricate dynamics of power within IOs, underscoring the need for a comprehensive understanding of influence and its implications for global governance.
Examining adverse childhood experiences and Black youth's engagement in a hospital‐based violence intervention program using administrative data
Authors: Voith Laura A. , Salas Atwell Meghan , D'Alessio Alena Sorensen , Evans Kylie E. , Korsch‐Williams Amy 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundStemming from poverty and systemic racism, Black youth are disproportionately represented in hospital‐based violence intervention programs (HVIPs) due to greater violence exposure. HVIPs are a critical intervention that have been shown to reduce rates of reinjury in urban hospitals and trauma centers across the United States; however, they are plagued by low enrollment and engagement rates. Few studies have examined factors related to engagement, particularly among Black youth.MethodsGuided by Trauma Theory and Critical Race Theory, this study uses a retrospective cohort design. Between‐group differences of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) among engaged youth compared to nonengaged youth who were violently injured and recruited for a HVIP were examined using chi‐square and logistic regression. ACEs were approximated using a novel approach with administrative data.ResultsResults indicated that the total ACE score was not significantly associated with engagement status. Individual ACEs were tested across age groups.ConclusionsThis study highlights a novel approach to understanding ACEs among a hard‐to‐reach population and illuminates the significant level of ACEs faced by violence‐exposed Black youth at young ages. Considering theory, Black families may be more reluctant to engage due to fear and past harms in social service systems stemming from systemic racism. Though ACEs did not predict engagement in this study, considering the high rates of ACEs experienced by Black youth and their families in the context of systemic racism suggests that HVIPs should acknowledge historical harms and foster trauma‐informed and healing‐centered interactions during recruitment and later stages of engagement.
The stability of bird assemblages across time and the reliability of snapshot surveys
Authors: Reid Julian , Smith Rhiannon , Scott Laura , Reid Nick 
Published: April 2024

Abstract‘Snapshot’ surveys conducted over 1 year or less are widely used to describe avian community composition. Maron et al. (Austral Ecology, 2005, 30, 383) questioned the utility of snapshot surveys and the conclusions drawn from them following repeat bird surveys at 26 sites in western Victoria, 7 years after initial surveys. They concluded, ‘the distribution of most species did not differ significantly from that expected if species had redistributed at random among sites’. Only five of 54 species recorded in both years had distributions that changed significantly less than expected among sites between the survey periods. We question whether this is the exception rather than the rule for Australian landbird communities in wooded habitats for three reasons: (1) passerine species dominate these communities and tend to remain faithful to a site once a breeding territory has been established; (2) most landbird species are sedentary or migratory, not nomadic; and (3) most Australian passerines are long‐lived, so surveys conducted within decadal timeframes may sample the same individuals. We examined the constancy of bird community composition by conducting repeat surveys at 29 sites in two vegetation types in the Namoi Valley, northern New South Wales, 7 years after the first survey. Bird assemblage composition in our study exhibited high levels of turnover between surveys, but 21 of 62 species present in both survey periods were significantly more likely to be found at the same sites in the second period as the first, and the tendency of most species was of site fidelity. Mantel tests demonstrated that assemblage composition at the same sites was more similar than expected by chance. Moderate levels of site fidelity among species and significant levels of assemblage composition constancy among sites should be the expectation when monitoring Australian landbird communities in wooded habitats over extended timeframes, except in the cases of major landscape transformation and extreme climatic disruptions.
Predicted impact, establishment and distribution of Heikertingerella sp. (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae), recently released for the biological control of Tecoma stans in South Africa
Authors: Madire Lulama G. , Olckers Terence , Sutton Guy , Simelane David O. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Biological control practitioners are required to demonstrate that candidate agents are not only safe for release, but will establish widely in their new range with a significant impact on the target weed.
We conducted this study in quarantine to provide insight into the impact and distribution of the root‐feeding flea beetle Heikertingerella sp. (Chrysomelidae), released in early 2023 against the invasive tree Tecoma stans (L.) (Bignoniaceae) in South Africa. We studied the effects of low and high beetle densities on plant growth and biomass, and F1 progeny production by the beetle.
There were significant reductions in plant growth and biomass accumulation in the beetle‐exposed plants, relative to the controls. P1 adults damaged significantly more leaflets, with significantly higher F1 progeny production, at high beetle densities.
The MaxEnt model predictions suggested that most of South Africa is climatically highly suitable for Heikertingerella sp., particularly along the southern and eastern coasts where the weed is most prevalent. Only the inland regions of the Northern Cape Province, depicting the driest and hottest part of the country where the weed does not occur, were predicted to be unsuitable for Heikertingerella sp. The beetle's thermal physiology, as determined by its critical thermal minimum and maximum temperatures and lower and upper lethal temperatures (LT50), suggests tolerance to temperature extremes in at least four of the eight provinces that fall within the range of T. stans in South Africa.
Our results further justify the release of Heikertingerella sp. in areas predicted as suitable in South Africa.
Associations between postoperative anaemia and unplanned readmission to hospital after major surgery: a retrospective cohort study†
Authors: Makar Timothy , Hezkial Margaret , Vasudeva Mayank , Walpole Dominic , Xie John , Zhao Chris Zi‐Fan , Ou Yang Bobby , Ramesh Saranya , Larsen Tom , Heritier Stephane , Richards Toby , Miles Lachlan F. 
Published: April 2024

SummaryBackgroundAnaemia following major surgery may be associated with unplanned readmission to hospital. However, the severity‐response relationship between the degree of anaemia at discharge and the risk of unplanned readmission is poorly defined. We aimed to describe the severity‐response relationship between haemoglobin concentration at the time of discharge and the risk of unplanned readmission in a cohort of patients undergoing different types of major surgery.MethodsWe performed a retrospective cohort study in a single tertiary health service, including all patients who underwent major surgery (orthopaedic, abdominal, cardiac or thoracic) between 1 May 2011 and 1 February 2022. The primary outcome was unplanned readmission to hospital in the 90 days following discharge after the index surgical procedure. These complex, non‐linear relationships were modelled with restricted cubic splines.ResultsWe identified 22,134 patients and included 14,635 in the primary analysis, of whom 1804 (12%) experienced at least one unplanned readmission. The odds of unplanned readmission rose when the discharge haemoglobin concentration was < 100 g.l‐1 (p < 0.001). On subgroup analysis, the haemoglobin threshold below which odds of readmission began to increase appeared to be higher in patients undergoing emergency surgery (110 g.l‐1; p < 0.001) compared with elective surgery. Declining discharge haemoglobin concentration was associated with increased odds ratios (95%CI) of unplanned readmission in patients undergoing orthopaedic (1.08 (1.01–1.15), p = 0.03), abdominal (1.13 (1.07–1.19), p < 0.001) and thoracic (1.12 (1.01–1.24), p = 0.03) procedures, but not cardiac surgery (1.09 (0.99–1.19), p = 0.07).ConclusionsOur findings suggest that a haemoglobin concentration < 100 g.l‐1 following elective procedures and < 110 g.l‐1 following emergency procedures, at the time of hospital discharge after major surgery, was associated with unplanned readmission. Future interventional trials that aim to treat postoperative anaemia and reduce unplanned readmission should include patients with discharge haemoglobin below these thresholds.
A systematic review and a comprehensive approach to PhD students' wellbeing
Authors: Martínez‐García Inmaculada , De Witte Hans , García‐Martínez Jesús , Cano‐García Francisco Javier 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe pursuit of a doctoral degree is a challenging process that can have a negative impact on the wellbeing of PhD students. Therefore, the aim here is to offer a systematic review of the current state of the literature on wellbeing among PhD students and the variables it involves in order to build an integrative model that will enrich future research. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) methodology for systematic reviews has been used to lay out the process in a flow diagram. We systematically review studies up to 2021 (N = 38) published on the Web of Science and SCOPUS databases. The results show the current state of the literature on wellbeing in PhD students, the characteristics of the studies (location, study design, and sample), how the literature defines the concept, the variables involved, the study limitations, and future perspectives to improve the quality of life of doctoral students. Finally, a comprehensive approach to the topic is presented in an integrative model that encompasses all variables identified in the literature and offers a guide for future research.
Validating use of diagnostic codes in Canadian administrative data for identification of adverse drug events
Authors: Wickham Maeve E. , McGrail Kimberlyn M. , Law Michael R. , Cragg Amber , Hohl Corinne M. 
Published: April 2024

AimsWhile diagnostic codes from administrative health data might be a valuable source to identify adverse drug events (ADEs), their ability to identify unintended harms remains unclear. We validated claims‐based diagnosis codes for ADEs based on events identified in a prospective cohort study and assessed whether key attributes predicted their documentation in administrative data.MethodsThis was a retrospective analysis of 3 prospective cohorts in British Columbia, from 2008 to 2015 (n = 13 969). We linked prospectively identified ADEs to administrative insurance data to examine the sensitivity and specificity of different diagnostic code schemes. We used logistic regression to assess which key attributes (e.g., type of event, symptoms and culprit medications) were associated with better documentation of ADEs in administrative data.ResultsAmong 1178 diagnosed events, the sensitivity of the diagnostic codes in administrative data ranged from 3.4 to 52.6%, depending on the database and codes used. We found that documentation was worse for certain types of ADEs (dose‐related: odds ratio [OR]: 0.32, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.15, 0.69; nonadherence events (OR: 0.35, 95% CI: 0.20, 0.62), and better for those experiencing arrhythmias (OR: 4.19, 95% CI: 0.96, 18.28).ConclusionADEs were not well documented in administrative data. Alternative methods should be explored to capture ADEs for health research.
Nuclear autoantigenic sperm protein facilitates glioblastoma progression and radioresistance by regulating the ANXA2/STAT3 axis
Authors: Qiu Yuning , Pei Dongling , Wang Minkai , Wang Qimeng , Duan Wenchao , Wang Li , Liu Kehan , Guo Yu , Luo Lin , Guo Zhixuan , Guan Fangzhan , Wang Zilong , Xing Aoqi , Liu Zhongyi , Ma Zeyu , Jiang Guozhong , Yan Dongming , Liu Xianzhi , Zhang Zhenyu , Wang Weiwei 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimsAlthough radiotherapy is a core treatment modality for various human cancers, including glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), its clinical effects are often limited by radioresistance. The specific molecular mechanisms underlying radioresistance are largely unknown, and the reduction of radioresistance is an unresolved challenge in GBM research.MethodsWe analyzed and verified the expression of nuclear autoantigenic sperm protein (NASP) in gliomas and its relationship with patient prognosis. We also explored the function of NASP in GBM cell lines. We performed further mechanistic experiments to investigate the mechanisms by which NASP facilitates GBM progression and radioresistance. An intracranial mouse model was used to verify the effectiveness of combination therapy.ResultsNASP was highly expressed in gliomas, and its expression was negatively correlated with the prognosis of glioma. Functionally, NASP facilitated GBM cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and radioresistance. Mechanistically, NASP interacted directly with annexin A2 (ANXA2) and promoted its nuclear localization, which may have been mediated by phospho‐annexin A2 (Tyr23). The NASP/ANXA2 axis was involved in DNA damage repair after radiotherapy, which explains the radioresistance of GBM cells that highly express NASP. NASP overexpression significantly activated the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway. The combination of WP1066 (a STAT3 pathway inhibitor) and radiotherapy significantly inhibited GBM growth in vitro and in vivo.ConclusionOur findings indicate that NASP may serve as a potential biomarker of GBM radioresistance and has important implications for improving clinical radiotherapy.
Infrahyoid muscle flap as augmentation of pharyngeal repair after total laryngectomy
Authors: Sweed Ahmed Hassan , Abdulmageed Alsayed , Nofal Ahmed Abdelfattah Bayomy , Elmaghawry Mohammed Elsayed , Alnemr Mohamed Abdelmohsen 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIntroductionTo assess the usage of contralateral infrahyoid muscles as onlay flap in prevention of pharyngo‐cutaneous fistula (PCF) in total laryngectomy (TL) patients with high risk factors of PCF development.MethodsThis study included 10 patients who suffered from advanced laryngeal carcinoma with presence of risk factors for development of PCF. We added an enforcement muscular layer during neo‐pharynx wall repair, the infrahyoid muscle flap of the contralateral side of the tumour origin as an onlay muscular flap to cover the anastomotic site for healing augmentation. Patients were followed up for PCF development where the PCF incidence was calculated.ResultsOne patient died from congestive heart failure in the 21th post‐operative day so, the actual PCF rate in TL patients with high risk factors of PCF development in our study was 11.11% (1 out of 9 cases).ConclusionsInfrahyoid muscle flap may have a role in preventing PCF after TL in patients with high risk factors of PCF development in this case series study to be further assessed in other studies to justify its role.Level of evidence: 4.
Novel mixture allocation models for topic learning
Authors: Maanicshah Kamal , Amayri Manar , Bouguila Nizar 
Published: April 2024

AbstractLatent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) is one of the major models used for topic modelling. A number of models have been proposed extending the basic LDA model. There has also been interesting research to replace the Dirichlet prior of LDA with other pliable distributions like generalized Dirichlet, Beta‐Liouville and so forth. Owing to the proven efficiency of using generalized Dirichlet (GD) and Beta‐Liouville (BL) priors in topic models, we use these versions of topic models in our paper. Furthermore, to enhance the support of respective topics, we integrate mixture components which gives rise to generalized Dirichlet mixture allocation and Beta‐Liouville mixture allocation models respectively. In order to improve the modelling capabilities, we use variational inference method for estimating the parameters. Additionally, we also introduce an online variational approach to cater to specific applications involving streaming data. We evaluate our models based on its performance on applications related to text classification, image categorization and genome sequence classification using a supervised approach where the labels are used as an observed variable within the model.
Graph embedded low‐light image enhancement transformer based on federated learning for Internet of Vehicle under tunnel environment
Authors: Shu Yuan , Zhu Fuxi , Zhang Zhongqiu , Zhang Min , Yang Jie , Wang Yi , Wang Jun 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe Internet of Vehicles (IoV) autonomous driving technology based on deep learning has achieved great success. However, under the tunnel environment, the computer vision‐based IoV may fail due to low illumination. In order to handle this issue, this paper deploys an image enhancement module at the terminal of the IoV to alleviate the low illumination influence. The enhanced images can be submitted through IoT to the cloud server for further processing. The core algorithm of image enhancement is implemented by a dynamic graph embedded transformer network based on federated learning which can fully utilize the data resources of multiple devices in IoV and improve the generalization. Extensive comparative experiments are conducted on the publicly available dataset and the self‐built dataset which is collected under the tunnel environment. Compared with other deep models, all results confirm that the proposed graph embedded Transformer model can effectively enhance the detail information of the low‐light image, which can greatly improve the following tasks in IoV.
Prognostic factors and predictive models for patients with lung large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma: Based on SEER database
Authors: Li Wenqiang , Huang Qian , He Xiaoyu , He Qian , Lai Qun , Yuan Quan , Deng Zhiping 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundLung Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) is a rare, aggressive, high‐grade neuroendocrine carcinoma with a poor prognosis, mainly seen in elderly men. To date, we have found no studies on predictive models for LCNEC.MethodsWe extracted data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database of confirmed LCNEC from 2010 to 2018. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional risk regression analyses were used to identify independent risk factors, and then we constructed a novel nomogram and assessed the predictive effectiveness by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA).ResultsA total of 2546 patients with LCNEC were included, excluding those diagnosed with autopsy or death certificate, tumor, lymph node, metastasis (TNM) stage, tumor grade deficiency, etc., and finally, a total of 743 cases were included in the study. After univariate and multivariate analyses, we concluded that the independent risk factors were N stage, intrapulmonary metastasis, bone metastasis, brain metastasis, and surgical intervention. The results of ROC curves, calibration curves, and DCA in the training and validation groups confirmed that the nomogram could accurately predict the prognosis.ConclusionsThe nomogram obtained from our study is expected to be a useful tool for personalized prognostic prediction of LCNEC patients, which may help in clinical decision‐making.