bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RIDGE, a tool tailored to detect gene flow barriers across species pairs
Authors: Burban Ewen , Tenaillon Maud I. , Glémin Sylvain 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCharacterizing the processes underlying reproductive isolation between diverging lineages is central to understanding speciation. Here, we present RIDGE—Reproductive Isolation Detection using Genomic polymorphisms—a tool tailored for quantifying gene flow barrier proportion and identifying the relevant genomic regions. RIDGE relies on an Approximate Bayesian Computation with a model‐averaging approach to accommodate diverse scenarios of lineage divergence. It captures heterogeneity in effective migration rate along the genome while accounting for variation in linked selection and recombination. The barrier detection test relies on numerous summary statistics to compute a Bayes factor, offering a robust statistical framework that facilitates cross‐species comparisons. Simulations revealed RIDGE's efficiency in capturing signals of ongoing migration. Model averaging proved particularly valuable in scenarios of high model uncertainty where no migration or migration homogeneity can be wrongly assumed, typically for recent divergence times <0.1 2Ne generations. Applying RIDGE to four published crow data sets, we first validated our tool by identifying a well‐known large genomic region associated with mate choice patterns. Second, while we identified a significant overlap of outlier loci using RIDGE and traditional genomic scans, our results suggest that a substantial portion of previously identified outliers are likely false positives. Outlier detection relies on allele differentiation, relative measures of divergence and the count of shared polymorphisms and fixed differences. Our analyses also highlight the value of incorporating multiple summary statistics including our newly developed outlier ones that can be useful in challenging detection conditions.
A founder variant expands the phenotype of WNT7B‐related PDAC syndrome
Authors: AlAbdi Lama , Rahbeeni Zuhair , Maddirevula Sateesh , Helaby Rana , Abdulwahab Firdous , Khan Arif O. , Riley Lisa G. , Alhashem Amal , Chassaing Nicolas , Jamieson Robyn V. , Alkuraya Fowzan S. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPulmonary hypoplasia, Diaphragmatic anomalies, Anophthalmia/microphthalmia, and Cardiac defects (PDAC) syndrome is a genetically heterogeneous multiple congenital malformation syndrome. Although pathogenic variants in RARB and STRA6 are established causes of PDAC, many PDAC cases remain unsolved at the molecular level. Recently, we proposed biallelic WNT7B variants as a novel etiology based on several families with typical features of PDAC syndrome albeit with variable expressivity. Here, we report three patients from two families that share a novel founder variant in WNT7B (c.739C > T; Arg247Trp). The phenotypic expression of this variant ranges from typical PDAC features to isolated genitourinary anomalies. Similar to previously reported PDAC‐associated WNT7B variants, this variant was found to significantly impair WNT7B signaling activity further corroborating its proposed pathogenicity. This report adds further evidence to WNT7B‐related PDAC and expands its variable expressivity.
Accuracy of edentulous full‐arch implant impression: An in vitro comparison between conventional impression, intraoral scan with and without splinting, and photogrammetry
Authors: Cheng Jing , Zhang Haidong , Liu Hailin , Li Junying , Wang Hom‐Lay , Tao Xian 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectivesThe purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the trueness and precision of complete arch implant impressions using conventional impression, intraoral scanning with and without splinting, and stereophotogrammetry.Materials and MethodsAn edentulous model with six implants was used in this study. Four implant impression techniques were compared: the conventional impression (CI), intraoral scanning (IOS) without splinting, intraoral scanning with splinting (MIOS), and stereophotogrammetry (SPG). An industrial blue light scanner was used to generate the baseline scan from the model. The CI was captured with a laboratory scanner. The reference best‐fit method was then applied in the computer‐aided design (CAD) software to compute the three‐dimensional, angular, and linear discrepancies among the four impression techniques. The root mean square (RMS) 3D discrepancies in trueness and precision between the four impression groups were analyzed with a Kruskal–Wallis test. Trueness and precision between single analogs were assessed using generalized estimating equations.ResultsSignificant differences in the overall trueness (p = .017) and precision (p < .001) were observed across four impression groups. The SPG group exhibited significantly smaller RMS 3D deviations than the CI, IOS, and MIOS groups (p < .05), with no significant difference detected among the latter three groups (p > .05).ConclusionsStereophotogrammetry showed superior trueness and precision, meeting misfit thresholds for implant‐supported complete arch prostheses. Intraoral scanning, while accurate like conventional impressions, exhibited cross‐arch angular and linear deviations. Adding a splint to the scan body did not improve intraoral scanning accuracy.
Expanding Critical Thinking into “Critical Being” Through Wonder and Wu‐Wei
Authors: Normile Ian 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIan Normile begins this study from the premise that critical thinking is often conceptualized and practiced in problematically narrow and instrumentalized ways. Following Ronald Barnett, he suggests that the idea of critical being can help expand the theory and practice of critical thinking to better meet the needs of education and society. Essential to this effort is greater consideration of how critical thinking articulates with other aspects of being. Normile uses two examples of “non‐critical” experiences that he argues can help critical thinking expand into critical being. First, he explores the emotive power of wonder as a source of inspiration and emotional education, and as an essential aspect of critical thinking. He then argues that curiosity, wonder, contemplation, and critical thinking are complementary aspects of critical being. The second example is the Chinese concept of wu‐wei, a form of efficacious non‐critical action. Normile argues that inevitable breakdowns in wu‐wei provide opportunities for critical reflection while the unlearning common to both wonder and wu‐wei facilitates receptivity to new perspectives and possibilities beyond the boundaries of the familiar; in this state, one is capable of facilitating the metacritique that is essential to truly transformative critical thinking. Normile concludes with some brief thoughts on implications for practice as a starting point for further inquiry.
In memoriam: Todd S. Ing, MD
Authors: Daugirdas John T. , Li Philip Kam‐Tao , Wrong Michela 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis special article describes the achievements and impact of Dr. Todd Siu‐Toa Ing, MBBS, (1933–2023) on the field of nephrology as recounted by a colleague from Hong Kong, a U.S. nephrologist ex‐trainee, and the daughter of an important mentor. Dr. Ing was a founding member of the International Society for Hemodialysis. He made important discoveries regarding the diagnosis of renal tubular acidosis and electrolyte transport in the gastrointestinal tract and published many innovative findings relating to peritoneal and hemodialysis. He was especially interested in nephrology and dialysis education and was co‐editor of a Handbook of Dialysis that has been in publication in five editions since 1988 with translation into many foreign languages. Dr. Ing was very supportive of nephrology in China as well as Chinese nephrologists practicing in the United States, and was a founding member of the Chinese American Society of Nephrology.
Expert consensus on perioperative integrated skincare for noninvasive energy‐based device aesthetic procedures in clinical practice in China
Authors: Zhang Chengfeng , Song Weimin , Yu Bo , Chen Xiangdong , Fan Weixin , Gao Lin , Gu Jun , Hao Fei , He Wei , Ju Qiang , Li Hengjin , Liu Hongmei , Liang Hong , Li Kai , Li Shanshan , Lin Tong , Liu Wei , Li Xueli , Liu Zhenfeng , Qin Xiaolei , Ren Jie , Wang Baoxi , Wu Wenyu , Wang Weizhen , Xu Xiaoke , Xie Hongfu , Yang Bin , Yuan Chao , Yan Yan , Zhang Wei , Zhang Wei , Zou Ying , Zhao Xiaozhong , Zheng Zhizhong , Zhou Zhanchao , Wu Yan , Xiang Leihong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundNoninvasive energy‐based device (NI‐EBD) aesthetic procedures has recently gained widespread usage for treating various skin conditions, enhancing skin texture and performing rejuvenation‐related procedures. However, practically all NI‐EBD procedures result in variable degrees of damage to the skin barrier, inducing pathological and physiological processes such as oxidative stress and inflammation, and only a small percentage of individuals possess the innate ability to restore it.ObjectiveTo introduce the concept of integrated skincare and establish standardized operational procedures for perioperative integrated skincare, and furnish a theoretical basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment performed by professional medical aestheticians.MethodsThe author leveraged domestic and international guidelines, clinical practice expertise and evidence‐based research, adapting them to suit the specific circumstances in China.ResultsThe consensus were provided four parts, including concept and essence of integrated skincare, integrated skincare significance during the perioperative phase of NI‐EBD procedures, active ingredients and functions of effective skincare products, standardized perioperative skincare procedure for NI‐EBD procedures and precautions. For the standardized perioperative skincare procedure, four recommendations were listed according to different stages during NI‐EBD procedures.ConclusionThese recommendations create the ‘Expert Consensus on Perioperative Integrated Skincare for Noninvasive Energy‐Based Device Aesthetic Procedures in Clinical Practice in China’.
Chemotaxis of Tuta absoluta to tomato plants exposed to methyl jasmonate and conspecific injuries
Authors: Weber Nelson Cristiano , Sant'Ana Josué , Redaelli Luiza Rodrigues , de Assis Larissa Souza 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPlants have developed chemical defence strategies which can either be triggered in response to herbivory or by the exogenous application of phytohormones, such as methyl jasmonate (MeJa). Tuta absoluta is the main pest associated with tomatoes worldwide. However, studies on the impact of plant hormones on this system are still scarce. This study aimed to evaluate the chemotactic responses and oviposition of T. absoluta towards tomato plants induced by MeJa and herbivory injuries. We conducted dual‐choice olfactometry bioassays evaluating the response of virgin T. absoluta males and females exposed to plants with conspecifics (eggs and caterpillars) and sprayed with MeJa (0.5 mM) at 24, 48, 72 and 96 h after the treatments. We also evaluated the oviposition preference of mated T. absoluta with the chance of choosing plants exposed to water, herbivory and three phytohormone concentrations (0.1, 0.5 and 2.5 mM). The males were mostly responsive to plants with conspecifics, while the females preferred intact plants over those sprayed with MeJa and with the presence of eggs. Furthermore, plants with MeJa (0.5 and 2.5 mM) and injured by conspecifics had less oviposition by T. absoluta. The results show that spraying MeJa on tomato plants is a potential tool for managing and controlling the tomato moth.
In vitro effects of phytogenic feed additive on Piscirickettsia salmonis growth and biofilm formation
Authors: Santibáñez Natacha , Vega Matías , Pérez Tatiana , Enriquez Ricardo , Escalona Carla Estefanía , Oliver Cristian , Romero Alex 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPiscirickettsiosis is the main cause of mortality in salmonids of commercial importance in Chile, which is caused by Piscirickettsia salmonis, a Gram‐negative, γ‐proteobacteria that can produce biofilm as one of its virulence factors. The Chilean salmon industry uses large amounts of antibiotics to control piscirickettsiosis outbreaks, which has raised concern about its environmental impact and the potential to induce antibiotic resistance. Thus, the use of phytogenic feed additives (PFA) with antibacterial activity emerges as an interesting alternative to antimicrobials. Our study describes the antimicrobial action of an Andrographis paniculate‐extracted PFA on P. salmonis planktonic growth and biofilm formation. We observed complete inhibition of planktonic and biofilm growth with 500 and 400 μg/mL of PFA for P. salmonis LF‐89 and EM‐90‐like strains, respectively. Furthermore, 500 μg/mL of PFA was bactericidal for both evaluated bacterial strains. Sub‐inhibitory doses of PFA increase the transcript levels of stress (groEL), biofilm (pslD), and efflux pump (acrB) genes for both P. salmonis strains in planktonic and sessile conditions. In conclusion, our results demonstrate the antibacterial effect of PFA against P. salmonis in vitro, highlighting the potential of PFA as an alternative to control Piscirickettsiosis.
Potential to grow carp oedema virus (genogroup I) in monolayers of carp‐derived primary cells with further implication in cell analysis
Authors: Abdelsalam Ehdaa Eltayeb Eltigani , Bláhová Zuzana , Baloch Ali Asghar , Piačková Veronika 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCarp oedema virus (CEV) has distinct molecularly identified genogroups of viral mutations, denoted as I, IIa, and IIb. Failure to propagate CEV in vitro limits studies towards understanding its interactions with host cells. Here, virus isolates belonging to genogroup I collected during natural outbreaks in the Czech Republic were employed for routine CEV cultivation in monolayers of carp‐derived primary cells, common carp brain (CCB) cells, and epithelioma papulosum cyprinid (EPC) cells. Induction of cytopathic effects (CPEs) was observed and recorded in affected cells. Cell survival rate was evaluated under serial dilutions of the CEV inoculum. Virus cell entry was quantified and visualized by qPCR and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. Study findings indicate primary gills epithelia likely present the most suitable matrix for CEV growth in vitro. Cells of the head kidney and spleen facilitate virus entry with microscopically confirmed CPEs and the presence of cytoplasmic pleomorphic virus particles. Cells of the trunk kidney and gonads are unlikely to permit virus cell entry and CPEs development. Although CEV cultivation in cell lines was inconclusive, EPC cells were CEV permissible. Monolayers of carp‐derived primary cells show promise for CEV cultivation that could enable elaborate study of mechanisms underlying cellular binding and responses.
Isomerization of maltose to maltulose by microwave heating, using arginine as a catalyst
Authors: Khuwijitjaru Pramote , Kobayashi Takashi , Adachi Shuji 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMicrowave heating was applied to isomerize maltose to maltulose, using arginine as a catalyst. The initial molar ratio of arginine/maltose was kept constant at 0.05. Maltulose yields of 0.28–0.30 were achieved within 90–400 s, dependent on the microwave power and the volume of the substrate solution but not on the initial concentration of maltose, indicating that isomerization of maltose by microwave heating is highly productive. Independent of the power of the microwave oven and the volume of the substrate solution, the fraction of remaining maltose, the yield of maltulose, the pH of the reaction mixture, and its absorbance at 280 and 420 nm could be expressed as a function of energy density, which was defined as the amount of energy absorbed per unit volume of the reaction mixture. This indicates that the operating conditions for the isomerization of maltose to maltulose by microwave heating can be determined based on the energy density.Practical applicationsIsomerization of aldose saccharides to their rare keto‐isomers in the presence of arginine in a heated aqueous solution is a green and effective process. To further improve the process efficiency, microwave heating can be employed. This study also demonstrated that a so‐called “energy density” can be used to determine the operating condition for the isomerization of sugar by microwave heating.
Constipated patients with functional defecatory disorder have secondary rectal hyposensitivity due to altered rectal biomechanics
Authors: Woo Matthew , Pandey Armaan , Li Dorothy , Buresi Michelle , Nasser Yasmin , Andrews Christopher N 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackground and AimRectal hyposensitivity (RH) is common in constipation and often coexists with functional defecatory disorder (FDD). Rectal sensory thresholds are routinely evaluated with the anorectal manometry probe; however, the gold standard for the assessment of rectal sensitivity is with a barostat, use of which is limited by time constraints and availability. A novel rapid barostat bag (RBB) may facilitate measurements of rectal sensitivity. The aim is to evaluate the relationship between RH (measured by the RBB) and FDD (defined as any minor disorder of rectoanal coordination by the London classification) in constipated patients.MethodsConsecutive constipated patients referred for anorectal function testing underwent anorectal manometry with the 3D‐HDAM probe as well as rectal sensation testing with the RBB pump. RH was defined by volume to first sensation >30%, urge to defecate >80%, or discomfort >100% (normalized to rectal capacity).ResultsFifty‐three percent of constipated patients had RH. Patients with FDD had a significantly increased volume to first sensation (134.5 mL vs 102.0, P = 0.02), urge to defecate (187.0 mL vs 149.0, P = 0.04), and rectal capacity (253.5 mL vs 209.0, P = 0.04) compared to constipated patients without FDD. There was no difference in normalized sensory thresholds (percent of rectal capacity) nor the prevalence of hyposensitivity to each sensory threshold nor overall hyposensitivity.ConclusionPatients with FDD, when measured with the RBB, have increased sensory thresholds on volumetric distension, but RH was not observed when sensory threshold volume were normalized to rectal capacity. This may reflect “secondary” RH due to altered rectal biomechanics.
PARVB and HSD17B13 variants are associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in children
Authors: Lee Kyung Jae , Moon Jin Soo , Lim Jin Gyu , Huh Homin , Ahn Jeong Eun , Kim Lia , Kim Nan Young , Ko Jae Sung 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackground and AimThe aim of this study was to investigate the comprehensive genetic effects of exploratory variants of LYPLAL1, GCKR, HSD17B13, TRIB1, APOC3, MBOAT7, and PARVB on pediatric nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in addition to the previously reported variants of TM6SF2, PNPLA3, and SAMM50 in Korean children.MethodsA prospective case–control study was conducted involving 309 patients diagnosed using ultrasound and 339 controls. Anthropometric measurements, liver function tests, and metabolic marker analysis were conducted, and fibrosis scores were calculated. Transient elastography was performed in 69 some patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. TaqMan allelic discrimination assays were used for genotyping. The genetic risk scores were calculated using significant variants, namely, HSD17B13, PARVB, PNPLA3, SAMM50, and TM6SF2, to evaluate the additive effect.ResultsRisk allele carriers of the PARVB variant showed significantly higher levels of aminotransferases, gamma‐glutamyl transferase, alkaline phosphatase, pediatric nonalcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score, and aspartate aminotransferase/platelet ratio index. Individuals with a homozygous variant of HSD17B13 showed significantly lower levels of aminotransferase, gamma‐glutamyl transferase, liver stiffness measurement, and aspartate aminotransferase/platelet ratio index than those with other genotypes. These parameters did not significantly differ among other variants of LYPLAL1, GCKR, TRIB1, APOC3, and MBOAT7. The genetic risk scores was identified as an independent risk factor for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and had a positive association with severity.ConclusionHSD17B13 has protective effects on the severity of pediatric nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Variants of HSD17B13, PARVB, PNPLA3, SAMM50, and TM6SF2 had an additive effect on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
What is new in flexor tendon pulleys and the gaps between them in triphalangeal fingers of the hand?
Authors: De Las Heras Julio , Simón de Blas Clara , Salaberri Guillermo José , Krompas Ioannis , Olewnik Lukasz , Quinones Sara , García‐Elías Marc , Sanudo José Ramón , Aragonés Paloma 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe flexor tendon pulleys in the fingers of the hand are fibrous structures of variable size, shape, and thickness that cover the synovial sheath of these tendons. Despite their clinical relevance, their arrangement and configuration in each of the triphalangeal fingers have been little studied and with small sample sizes. 192 triphalangeal fingers belonging to 48 fresh body donors' hands were dissected. Multivariate analysis was carried out. Twenty‐five cases (52%) were left hands, and 26 of the 48 hands belonged to female donors (54.2%). The results were analyzed by fingers for each of the 5 annular pulleys, the 3 cruciform pulleys and the gaps between them. In addition, the most and least frequent configurations of the pulleys in each of the fingers were studied, observing that the classic pattern with all the pulleys appeared only in 3 fingers (1.56%), while the most frequent pattern was A1‐A2‐C1‐A3‐A4, which was seen in 35 fingers (18.22%).ConclusionsThe flexor pulleys in the triphalangeal fingers of the hand have shown enormous variability in arrangement and shape, and also rarely appear all in the same finger. This peculiar anatomical arrangement can help the different professionals who perform their clinical work in this region.