bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safety and efficacy of preoperative administration of meloxicam, compared with that of ketoprofen and butorphanol in dogs undergoing abdominal surgery
Authors: Mathews Karol A. , Pettifer Glenn , Foster Robert , McDonell Wayne 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To compare the safety and efficacy of preoperative administration of meloxicam with that of ketoprofen and butorphanol in dogs undergoing abdominal surgery.Animals—36 dogs undergoing laparotomy, splenectomy, or cystotomy.Procedure—Dogs were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups. In the first part of the study, dogs were given a single dose of meloxicam, ketoprofen, or a placebo, and buccal mucosal bleeding times were measured. In the second part of the study, dogs were given meloxicam, ketoprofen, or butorphanol prior to surgery. Dogs in the butorphanol group received a second dose immediately after surgery. Pain scores (1 to 10) were assigned hourly for 20 hours after surgery and used to determine an overall efficacy score for each dog. Dogs with a pain score ≥ 3 were given oxymorphone for pain. Dogs were euthanatized 8 days after surgery, and gross and histologic examinations of the liver, kidneys, and gastrointestinal tract were conducted.Results—Overall efficacy was rated as good or excellent in 9 of the 12 dogs that received meloxicam, compared with 9 of the 12 dogs that received ketoprofen and only 1 of the 12 dogs that received butorphanol. No clinically important hematologic, biochemical, or pathologic abnormalities were detected.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest that preoperative administration of meloxicam is a safe and effective method of controlling postoperative pain for 20 hours in dogs undergoing abdominal surgery; the analgesic effects of meloxicam were comparable to those of ketoprofen and superior to those of butorphanol. (Am J Vet Res2001;62:882–888)
Effect of walking velocity on ground reaction force variables in the hind limb of clinically normal horses
Authors: Khumsap Siriporn , Clayton Hilary M. , Lanovaz Joel L. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To measure the effect of subject velocity on hind limb ground reaction force variables at the walk and to use the data to predict the force variables at different walking velocities in horses.Animals—5 clinically normal horses.Procedure—Kinematic and force data were collected simultaneously. Each horse was led over a force plate at a range of walking velocities. Stance duration and force data were recorded for the right hind limb. To avoid the effect of horse size on the outcome variables, the 8 force variables were standardized to body mass and height at the shoulders. Velocity was standardized to height at the shoulders and expressed as velocity in dimensionless units (VDU). Stance duration was also expressed in dimensionless units (SDU). Simple regression analysis was performed, using stance duration and force variables as dependent variables and VDU as the independent variable.Results—Fifty-six trials were recorded with velocities ranging from 0.24 to 0.45 VDU (0.90 to 1.72 m/s). Simple regression models between measured variables and VDU were significant (R2> 0.69) for SDU, first peak of vertical force, dip between the 2 vertical force peaks, vertical impulse, and timing of second peak of vertical force.Conclusion and Clinical Relevance—Subject velocity affects vertical force components only. In the future, differences between the forces measured in lame horses and the expected forces calculated for the same velocity will be studied to determine whether the equations can be used as diagnostic criteria. (Am J Vet Res2001;62:901–906)
Evaluation of a tapered-sleeve transcortical pin to reduce stress at the bone-pin interface in metacarpal bones obtained from horses
Authors: Nash Dr. Ronald A. , Nunamaker David M. , Boston Ray 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To evaluate stiffness and bone-pin interface stress for a transcortical tapered-sleeve pin (TSP) that incorporates bilateral tapered sleeves over a transcortical pin.Sample Population—14 third metacarpal bones (MCIII) collected from adult horses of various breeds.Procedure—Each MCIII was cut in half to provide 2 test specimens. Pins (conventional and TSP) of 3 diameters (6.35, 7.94, and 9.50 mm) were inserted in specimens (3 specimens for each diameter and each type of pin). The test fixture simulated a typical sidebar- span skeletal fixation device for horses. Single cycle load-deflection tests were performed. Cyclic fatigue tests of TSP were performed to evaluate fatigue characteristics and stress conditions at the bone-pin interface. Maximum stress and strain were calculated, and results were compared with existing data on fatigue characteristics of bone.Results—Significant increases in stiffness (loaddeflection) and higher loads at yield point were detected for the TSP (stiffness for conventional 9.50- mm pins, 4,500 N/mm; stiffness for TSP, 19,988 N/mm). Results of cyclic tests revealed a close correlation with existing data on fatigue characteristics.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—The TSP described here is stiffer than conventional transcortical pins, and stress across the bone-pin interface is more evenly distributed. Use of this TSP should minimize major problems encountered during external fixation associated with the transcortical pin and bone-pin interface (ie, bone necrosis, infection of the pin track, pin loosening, and bone failure). (Am J Vet Res2001;62:955–960)
Influence of dietary long-chain n-3 fatty acids from Menhaden fish oil on plasma concentrations of α-tocopherol in geriatric Beagles
Authors: Hall Jean A. , Tooley Katie A. , Gradin Joseph L. , Jewell Dennis E. , Wander Rosemary C. 
Published: December 2005

Abstract

Objective—To determine effects of dietary n-3 fatty
acids from Menhaden fish oil on plasma α-tocopherol
concentrations in Beagles.

Animals—32 female Beagles.

Procedure—For 82 days, dogs were fed diets that contained
1 of 2 ratios of n-6:n-3 fatty acids (40:1 [low n-3]
and 1.4:1 [high n-3]) and 1 of 3 concentrations of all- rac-
α-tocopheryl acetate (low, 17 mg/kg of diet; medium,
101 mg/kg; and high, 447 mg/kg) in a 2 X 3 factorial study.

Results—Diets high in n-3 fatty acids significantly
increased total content of n-3 fatty acids in plasma
(17.0 g/100 g of fatty acids), compared with low n-3
diets (2.02 g/100 g of fatty acids). Mean ± SEM plasma
concentration of cholesterol was significantly
lower in dogs consuming high n-3 diets (4.59 ± 0.48
mmol/L), compared with dogs consuming low n-3
diets (5.71 ± 0.48 mmol/L). A significant interaction
existed between the ratio for n-6 and n-3 fatty acids
and amount of α-tocopheryl acetate in the diet (plasma
α-tocopherol concentration expressed on a molar
basis), because the plasma concentration of α-tocopherol
was higher in dogs consuming low n-3 diets,
compared with those consuming high n-3 diets, at
the 2 higher amounts of dietary α-tocopheryl
acetate. Plasma α-tocopherol concentration
expressed relative to total lipid content did not reveal
effects of dietary n-3 fatty acids on concentration of
α-tocopherol.

Conclusion and Clinical Relevance—Plasma
α-tocopherol concentration is not dependent on dietary
ratio of n-6 and n-3 fatty acids when α-tocopherol concentration
is expressed relative to the total lipid content
of plasma. (Am J Vet Res 2002;63:104–110)
Effect of oral administration of electrolyte pastes on rehydration of horses
Authors: Schott II Harold C. , Axiak Shannon M. , Woody Kristina A. , Eberhart Susan W. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine whether the composition of electrolyte pastes formulated for oral administration influences voluntary water intake (WI) by horses recovering from furosemide-induced dehydration.Animals—6 horses.Procedure—Voluntary WI, body weight, and blood and urine constituents were measured before and after induction of dehydration by furosemide administration and overnight withholding of water; these same variables also were measured during a 36-hour rehydration period. Each horse was evaluated 4 times with random application of 4 treatments (electrolyte pastes) that provided 0.5 g of KCl/kg of body weight, 0.5 g of NaCl/kg, 0.25 g of NaCl and 0.25 g of KCl/kg, or no electrolytes (control treatment). Electrolyte pastes were administered 3 times (4, 8, and 12 hours after start of the rehydration period).Results—Administration of all electrolyte pastes resulted in significantly greater voluntarily WI, compared with the control treatment, and was accompanied by significantly greater recovery of body weight when NaCl was a component of the paste. Administration of NaCl and NaCl-KCl pastes tended to produce a state of transient hyperhydration; however, electrolyte administration also resulted in significantly greater urine production and electrolyte excretion during the final 24 hours of the rehydration period. Adverse effects of oral administration of hypertonic electrolyte pastes were not observed.Conclusion and Clinical Relevance—Oral administration of electrolyte pastes to dehydrated horses increases voluntary WI and improves rehydration during the rehydration period. Rehydration is more rapid and complete when NaCl is a component of the electrolyte paste. (Am J Vet Res2002;63:19–27)
Evaluation of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues from feline vaccine site-associated sarcomas for feline foamy virus DNA
Authors: Kidney Beverly A. , Haines Deborah M. , Ellis John A. , Burnham Micheline L. , Jackson Marion L. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To evaluate a group of vaccine site-associated sarcomas (VSS) for the presence of feline foamy virus (FeFV) DNA, using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods.Sample Population—50 formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissue blocks from VSS of cats.Procedure—DNA was extracted from FFPE sections of each tumor, and regions of thegagandpolgenes of FeFV were amplified by use of PCR methods, using 1 primer set for each region. Sensitivity of the method was compared between fresh and FFPE cells, using mouse kidney tissue that was injected with FeFVinfected cultured cells and using agarose-cell pellets.Results—Feline foamy virus DNA was not detected in VSS tissues. Sensitivity of the method was 10 times greater in fresh versus FFPE mouse tissues. Sensitivity of the method in fresh FeFV-infected cultured cells versus FFPE agarose-cell pellets was equal when fixation was 24 or 48 hours and 10 times greater when fixation was 72 hours or 1 week.Conclusion and Clinical Relevance—A PCR-based method can be successfully applied to FFPE tissues for FeFV DNA detection. Results suggest there is no direct FeFV involvement in the pathogenesis of VSS in cats. (Am J Vet Res2002;63:60–63)
Late-phase reactions to intradermal testing with Dermatophagoides farinae in healthy dogs and dogs with house dust mite-induced atopic dermatitis
Authors: Hillier Andrew , Cole Lynette K. , Kwochka Kenneth W. , McCall Catherine 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine the prevalence of late-phase reactions to intradermal testing withDermatophagoides farinaein healthy dogs and dogs with atopic dermatitis and an immediate reaction toD farinae.Animals—6 healthy dogs and 20 dogs with atopic dermatitis and immediate reactions toD farinae.Procedure—Intradermal tests were performed withD farinaeat 1:1,000 wt/vol and 1:50,000 wt/vol concentrations, and skin reactivity was evaluated after 0.25, 6, and 24 hours. SerumD farinae-specific IgE antibodies were assayed. Extent of lesions (atopy index) and pruritus (visual analogue scale) were evaluated in dogs with atopic dermatitis.Results—Late-phase reactions were observed in healthy dogs at 6 hours (n = 2 dogs) and 24 hours (1) with the 1:1,000 wt/vol concentration, and at 6 hours (1) and 24 hours (1) with the 1:50,000 wt/vol concentration of allergen. Late-phase reactions in healthy dogs were only observed in dogs with an immediate reaction toD farinae. Late-phase reactions were observed in 11 of 20 dogs with atopic dermatitis at 6 and 24 hours with the 1:1,000 wt/vol concentration and in 10 of 20 at 6 and 24 hours with the 1:50,000 wt/vol concentration of allergen. There was no difference in mean atopy index, mean visual analogue scale of pruritus, or mean serumD farinae-specific IgE concentration of dogs with a late-phase reaction, compared to dogs without a late-phase reaction.Conclusion and Clinical Relevance—Late-phase reactions may be observed after an immediate reaction to intradermal skin testing in healthy and allergic dogs but are more commonly observed in dogs with atopic dermatitis. (Am J Vet Res2002;63:69–73)
Correlation between plasma leptin concentration and body fat content in dogs
Authors: Sagawa Mayumi M. , Nakadomo Fumio , Honjoh Tsutomu , Ishioka Katsumi , Saito Masayuki 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To evaluate the relationship between plasma leptin concentration and body fat content in dogs.Animals—20 spayed female Beagles that were 10 months old at the start of the experiment.Procedure—Dogs were kept under regulated feeding and exercise conditions for 21 weeks, resulting in a wide range of body weights, body condition scores (BCS), and subcutaneous thicknesses. Plasma leptin concentration was measured by use of a canine leptin- specific ELISA test to evaluate its correlation to body fat content estimated by the deuterium oxide dilution method. Plasma concentrations of glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), and nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) were also measured.Results—Body fat content (9 to 60% of body weight) was positively and closely correlated (r= 0.920; n = 20;P< 0.001) to plasma leptin concentration (0.67 to 8.06 ng/ml), compared with other variables (ie, glucose, cholesterol, TG, and NEFA;r= 0.142, 0.412, 0.074, and 0.182, respectively).Conclusion and Clinical Relevance—The positive relationship between plasma leptin concentration and body fat content in dogs was similar to correlations reported for humans and rodents, suggesting that plasma leptin is a quantitative marker of adiposity in dogs. (Am J Vet Res2002;63:7–10)
Myoelectric activity of the spiral colon in dairy cows
Authors: Meylan Mireille , Eicher Richard , Röthlisberger Judith , Steiner Adrian 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To describe myoelectric activity of the spiral colon in healthy cows.Animals—7 lactating Simmental X Red-Holstein crossbred cows.Procedure—Cows were implanted with 7 pairs of bipolar silver electrodes (4 in the spiral colon and 1 each in the cecum, distal part of the ileum, and proximal loop of the ascending colon [PLAC]). Myo-electric activity was recorded during 4 days for each cow. Patterns were analyzed, using computer-based methods.Results—Myoelectric activity of the spiral colon was closely associated with motility of the ileum and PLAC and showed the typical organization of migrating myoelectric complexes (MMC). The MMC in the bovine spiral colon (bcMMC) had a mean ± SD duration of 188.6 ± 30.8 minutes and was divided into 4 phases. Phases I and II lasted 11.3 ± 1.4 and 159.4 ± 33.3 minutes, respectively. Phase III (duration, 5.4 ± 1.2 minutes) was characterized by 5.2 ± 0.9 regular spindles (35.4 ± 5.4 seconds) and 1 final elongated spindle (137.2 ± 56.4 seconds). Phase III most commonly (73.8 ± 16.1%) was followed by phase IV (duration, 17.3 ± 3.6 minutes). Propagation velocity of phase III was 4.4 ± 0.5 cm/min, and 13.6% of bcMMC were incompletely propagated through the spiral colon.Conclusion and Clinical Relevance—Myoelectric activity of the bovine spiral colon is composed of a recurring cyclic pattern similar to MMC of the small intestine. Data of colonic myoelectric activity in healthy cows will serve as a basis for studies on cecal dilatation and dislocation in cattle. (Am J Vet Res2002;63:78–93)
Effect of weight reduction on clinical signs of lameness in dogs with hip osteoarthritis
Authors: Impellizeri Joseph A. , Tetrick Mark A. , Muir Peter 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine the effect of weight reduction on clinical signs of lameness among overweight dogs with clinical and radiographic signs of hip osteoarthritisDesign—Nonblinded prospective clinical trial.Animals—9 client-owned dogs with radiographic signs of hip osteoarthritis that weighed 11 to 12% greater than their ideal body weight and were examined because of hind limb lameness.Procedure—Dogs were weighed, and baseline body condition, hind limb lameness, and hip function scores were assigned. Severity of lameness was scored using a numerical rating scale and a visual analogue scale. Dogs were fed a restricted-calorie diet, with amount of diet fed calculated to provide 60% of the calories needed to maintain the dogs' current weights. Evaluations were repeated midway through and at the end of the weight-loss period.Results—Dogs lost between 11 and 18% of initial body weight. Body weight, body condition score, and severity of hind limb lameness were all significantly decreased at the end of the weight-loss period.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest that in overweight dogs with hind limb lameness secondary to hip osteoarthritis, weight reduction alone may result in a substantial improvement in clinical lameness. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2000;216:1089–1091)
Risk factors affecting the outcome of surgery for atlantoaxial subluxation in dogs: 46 cases (1978–1998)
Authors: Beaver Daniel P. , Ellison Gary W. , Lewis Daniel D. , Goring Robert L. , Kubilis Paul S. , Barchard Curt 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To identify risk factors for successful surgical management of dogs with atlantoaxial subluxation (AAS).Design—Retrospective study.Animals—46 dogs managed surgically for AAS.Procedure—Age at onset of clinical abnormalities, duration of clinical abnormalities prior to surgery, radiographic appearance of the dens, type (dorsal or ventral procedure) and number (1 or 2) of surgeries performed, grade of postoperative atlantoaxial joint reduction, and neurologic status prior to surgery (preoperative), when dogs were discharged from the hospital (postoperative), and during a follow-up evaluation (final) were obtained from the dogs' medical records. Risk factors for surgical success and degree of neurologic improvement were identified and analyzed for predictive potential.Results—Age at onset of clinical abnormalities ≤ 24 months was significantly associated with greater odds of a successful first surgery and final outcome and a lower postoperative neurologic grade. Duration of clinical abnormalities ≤ 10 months was significantly associated with greater odds of a successful final outcome and a lower final neurologic grade. A preoperative neurologic grade of 1 or 2 was significantly associated with a lower final neurologic grade. Potential risk factors that did not affect odds of a successful outcome included type of surgery performed, grade of atlantoaxial joint reduction, radiographic appearance of the dens, or need for a second surgery.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Age at onset of clinical abnormalities, duration of clinical abnormalities prior to surgery, and preoperative neurologic status are risk factors for success of surgical management of AAS in dogs. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2000; 216:1104–1109)
Prevalence and clinical importance of heart murmurs in racehorses
Authors: Kriz Nikolaus G. , Hodgson David R. , Rose Reuben J. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine the prevalence of various types of heart murmurs in Thoroughbred racehorses and assess their association with performance by echocardiography and review of the horses' race records for the preceding 2 years.Design—Clinical and retrospective study.Animals—846 Thoroughbred racehorses.Procedure—Cardiac auscultations were performed by 3 individuals; for 30 horses, Doppler echocardiographic examinations were also performed. Statistical analyses of race records for 753 horses were performed to assess association of heart murmurs with performance.Results—Heart murmurs were detected by cardiac auscultation in 686 of 846 (81.1%) horses. Systolic murmurs over the heart base were most common; 365 (43.1%) horses had systolic murmurs that were loudest over the pulmonary valve area, and 232 (27.4%) horses had systolic murmurs that were loudest over the aortic valve area. Systolic murmurs over the tricuspid valve area were detected in 241 (28.5%) horses, whereas systolic murmurs over the mitral valve area were detected in only 32 (3.8%) horses. Diastolic murmurs were much less common than systolic murmurs. Review of race records did not reveal a significant association between murmurs and performance.Conclusion and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest that heart murmurs are a common finding in racehorses; most of these heart murmurs do not appear to be clinically important. (J Am Vet Assoc2000;216:1441–1445)
Sedative and cardiorespiratory effects of medetomidine, medetomidine-butorphanol, and medetomidine-ketamine in dogs
Authors: Ko Jeff C. H. , Fox Steven M. , Mandsager Ronald E. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine sedative and cardiorespiratory effects of IM administration of medetomidine alone and in combination with butorphanol or ketamine in dogs.Design—Randomized, crossover study.Animals—6 healthy adult dogs.Procedure—Dogs were given medetomidine alone (30 µg/kg [13.6 µg/lb] of body weight, IM), a combination of medetomidine (30 µg/kg, IM) and butorphanol (0.2 mg/kg [0.09 mg/lb], IM), or a combination of medetomidine (30 µg/kg, IM) and ketamine (3 mg/kg [1.36 mg/lb], IM). Treatments were administered in random order with a minimum of 1 week between treatments. Glycopyrrolate was given at the same time. Atipamezole (150 µg/kg [68 µg/lb], IM) was given 40 minutes after administration of medetomidine.Results—All but 1 dog (given medetomidine alone) assumed lateral recumbency within 6 minutes after drug administration. Endotracheal intubation was significantly more difficult when dogs were given medetomidine alone than when given medetomidine and butorphanol. At all evaluation times, percentages of dogs with positive responses to tail clamping or to needle pricks in the cervical region, shoulder region, abdominal region, or hindquarters were not significantly different among drug treatments. The PaCO2was significantly higher and the arterial pH and PaO2were significantly lower when dogs were given medetomidine and butorphanol or medetomidine and ketamine than when they were given medetomidine alone. Recovery quality following atipamezole administration was unsatisfactory in 1 dog when given medetomidine and ketamine.Conclusion and Clinical Relevance—Results suggested that a combination of medetomidine with butorphanol or ketamine resulted in more reliable and uniform sedation in dogs than did medetomidine alone. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2000;216:1578–1583)