bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antibodies to elastin peptides in sera of Warmblood horses at different ages
Authors: van BRANTEGEM L. , de COCK H. E. V. , AFFOLTER V. K. , DUCHATEAU L. , GOVAERE J. , FERRARO G. L. , DUCATELLE R. 
Published: September 2007

Summary Reasons for performing study: Early diagnosis and monitoring progression of chronic diseases in elastin‐rich tissues, such as chronic progressive lymphoedema in draught horses and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is still a real challenge in the horse. Use of an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect anti‐elastin antibody (AEAb) levels might be useful to assess the status of such diseases. Baseline levels, representing physiological breakdown of elastin in normal horses, are not available at present. Hypothesis: Levels of AEAb in healthy horses are generally low and follow the same age‐related pattern as found in man. Therefore, elevation of AEAb levels in serum can be used to evaluate pathological elastin breakdown in elastinrich tissues. Methods: Sera of 84 clinically healthy Warmblood horses were evaluated for the presence of AEAbs by means of a modified version of an ELISA technique used in man. The horses were divided in 5 age groups: A) <4 months; B) 4–23 months; C) 2–3 years; D) 4–10 years; and E) >11 years. Results: Antibodies to elastin were found in all equine serum samples tested. Their levels were lowest in Group A, low in Groups B and E and highest in animals age 2–10 years. Conclusions: Measuring AEAbs in serum of horses by an ELISA technique proved to be possible and levels were stable during well‐defined life stages. Potential relevance: Changes in AEAb levels are expected to be useful for early diagnosis and for monitoring progression of diseases that affect elastin‐rich tissues, such as chronic progressive lymphoedema and COPD.
Concurrent atypical myopathy and equine dysautonomia in two horses
Authors: VERCAUTEREN G. , van der HEYDEN S. , LEFÈRE L. , CHIERS K. , LAEVENS H. , DUCATELLE R. 
Published: September 2007

SummaryThis report concerns 2 horses that suffered typical clinical signs of atypical myopathy (AM) and equine grass sickness (EGS) concurrently. Clinical details and pathological lesions of the cases are described. EGS and AM are relatively rare diseases and the concurrency of the diseases in the same animals is therefore considered unlikely to be a coincidence. However, it is not suggested that the evidence shows a common aetiology but rather the existence of common predisposing causes.
Bio-inspired syntheses of ZnO-protein composites
Authors: Pitta Bauermann Luciana , Bill Joachim , Aldinger Fritz 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThe influence of five different proteins on the crystallization of ZnO was investigated. The aim was to create bio-inspired artificially-synthesized materials by applying the knowledge acquired about naturally occurring inorganic/bio-organic composites. We found that the lower the isoelectric point of a protein, the more efficient is the adsorption of this protein at ZnO. Thus, electrostatic interaction is the main force responsible for the adsorption between proteins and ZnO. The isoelectric point of the protein does not play any role in the morphology of the ZnO crystallites. Morphology and crystallographic orientation of ZnO crystallites remain practically unaltered when globular proteins are employed during the synthesis. On the other hand, the use of an elongated protein causes a significant increase in the size of the ZnO crystallite. The synthesis under investigation provides a base for the generation of innovative composites with combined properties of ZnO and biological functions of native proteins.
Thermodynamic modeling of the CoO–SiO2and CoO–FeO–Fe2O3–SiO2systems
Authors: Jung In-Ho , Decterov Sergei A. , Pelton Arthur D. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractA complete critical evaluation and thermodynamic modeling of the phase diagrams and thermodynamic properties of oxide phases in the CoO – FeO – Fe2O3– SiO2system at 1 bar total pressure are presented. Optimized equations for the thermodynamic properties of all phases were obtained which reproduce all available thermodynamic and phase equilibrium data within the limits of absolute experimental accuracy from 25 °C to above the liquidus temperatures at all compositions and oxygen partial pressures. The database of the model parameters can be used, along with software for Gibbs energy minimization, to calculate any type of phase diagram section. Unexplored phase diagram sections and activities of CoO, FeO and SiO2in this system of industrial importance are predicted from the thermodynamic models with the optimized parameters.
Thermodynamic optimisation of the FeO–Fe2O3–SiO2(Fe–O–Si) system with FactSage
Authors: Jak E. , Hayes P. , Pelton A. , Decterov S. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractPhase equilibrium and thermodynamic experimental data available in the literature on the FeO – Fe2O3– SiO2(Fe – O – Si) system were critically reviewed and used to obtain a self-consistent set of parameters for thermodynamic models for all oxide phases using the FactSage computer package. The present optimisation covers the range of oxygen partial pressures from equilibrium with pure oxygen to metal saturation and temperatures from 25 °C to above the liquidus. The present thermodynamic optimisation was performed as part of the development of a thermodynamic database for the multi-component system Al – Ca – Fe – Mg – O – Pb – Si – Zn; the thermodynamic parameters for the Fe – O – Si system therefore were chosen to be consistent not only with the experimental data in this ternary system, but also with the data in higher-order systems. The modified quasichemical model was used for the liquid slag phase. Sublattice (based upon the compound-energy formalism) and polynomial models were used for the spinel (magnetite) and monoxide (wustite) solid solutions, respectively. The use of physically reasonable models means that the models can be used to predict thermodynamic properties and phase equilibria in composition and temperature regions where experimental data are not available. From these model parameters, the optimised ternary phase diagram of the FeO – Fe2O3– SiO2(Fe – O – Si) system was back calculated. The database of the model parameters can be used in conjunction with computer software for Gibbs-free-energy minimisation in order to calculate all thermodynamic properties and any type of phase-diagram section in the FeO – Fe2O3– SiO2(Fe – O – Si) system.
Baumartenvielfalt und Produktionsrisiken: Ein Forschungseinblick und -ausblick | Diversity of tree species and risk: A research insight and outlook
Authors: Knoke Thomas , Hahn Andreas 
Published: September 2007

Scientific approaches to analyze silvicultural decisions and their consequences for financial risk are scarce, and yet, considering financial risk and risk correlation offers the opportunity to use adequate approaches from financial theory for the valuation of silvicultural decisions. Based on a classical financial approach, this paper analyzes the silvicultural problem of tree species choice and develops a perspective for silvicultural and forest economic oriented research. It provides the conventional «Faustmann-approach» with financial risk and risk correlation generated by Monte-Carlo simulation. This enables both, the application of the theory of portfolio selection according to Markowitz and the theorem of capital separation according to Tobin to derive the optimal tree species composition, which is principally independent from the degree of risk-aversion if a risk-free investment alternative exists.While supporting the ecological idea of tree species diversity, this simple financial approach provides an interesting research perspective. In future, the two species example has to be extended to more species, different sites and the integration of ecological effects between tree species when mixed in small units such as groups. Furthermore, possible changes in the risk profile of different tree species should be considered; for example, by means of the «information-gap» decision theory. In conclusion, one can see great potential in combining ecological and financial research to support silvicultural decisions for the Central European forest science.
Estimated Sustainable Cost-Based Prices for Diabetes Medicines
Authors: Barber Melissa J. , Gotham Dzintars , Bygrave Helen , Cepuch Christa 
Published: March 2024

ImportanceThe burden of diabetes is growing worldwide. The costs associated with diabetes put substantial pressure on patients and health budgets, especially in low- and middle-income countries. The prices of diabetes medicines are a key determinant for access, yet little is known about the association between manufacturing costs and current market prices.ObjectivesTo estimate the cost of manufacturing insulins, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2Is), and glucagonlike peptide 1 agonists (GLP1As), derive sustainable cost-based prices (CBPs), and compare these with current market prices.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsIn this economic evaluation, the cost of manufacturing insulins, SGLT2Is, and GLP1As was modeled. Active pharmaceutical ingredient cost per unit (weighted least-squares regression model using data from a commercial database of trade shipments, data from January 1, 2016, to March 31, 2023) was combined with costs of formulation and other operating expenses, plus a profit margin with an allowance for tax, to estimate CBPs. Cost-based prices were compared with current prices in 12 countries, collected in January 2023 from public databases. Countries were selected to provide representation of different income levels and geographic regions based on the availability of public databases.Main Outcomes and MeasuresEstimated CBPs; lowest current market prices (2023 US dollars).ResultsIn this economic evaluation of manufacturing costs, estimated CBPs for treatment with insulin in a reusable pen device could be as low as $96 (human insulin) or $111 (insulin analogues) per year for a basal-bolus regimen, $61 per year using twice-daily injections of mixed human insulin, and $50 (human insulin) or $72 (insulin analogues) per year for a once-daily basal insulin injection (for type 2 diabetes), including the cost of injection devices and needles. Cost-based prices ranged from $1.30 to $3.45 per month for SGLT2Is (except canagliflozin: $25.00-$46.79) and from $0.75 to $72.49 per month for GLP1As. These CBPs were substantially lower than current prices in the 12 countries surveyed.Conclusions and RelevanceHigh prices limit access to newer diabetes medicines in many countries. The findings of this study suggest that robust generic and biosimilar competition could reduce prices to more affordable levels and enable expansion of diabetes treatment globally.
Primary Care Physicians’ Satisfaction With Interoperable Health Information Technology
Authors: Everson Jordan , Hendrix Nathaniel , Phillips Robert L. , Adler-Milstein Julia , Bazemore Andrew , Patel Vaishali 
Published: March 2024

ImportanceEnabling widespread interoperability—the ability of health information technology systems to exchange information and to use that information without special effort—is a primary focus of public policy on health information technology. More information on clinicians’ experience using that technology can serve as one measure of the impact of that policy.ObjectiveTo assess primary care physician perspectives on the state of interoperability.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsA cross-sectional survey of family medicine physicians in the US was conducted from December 12, 2021, to October 12, 2022. A sample of family medicine physicians who completed the Continuous Certification Questionnaire (CCQ), a required part of the American Board of Family Medicine certification process, which has a 100% response rate, were invited to participate.Main Outcomes and MeasuresEighteen items on the CCQ assessed experience accessing and using various information from outside organizations, including medications, immunizations, and allergies.ResultsA total of 2088 physicians (1053 women [50%]; age reported categorically as either ≥50 years or &amp;lt;50 years) completed the CCQ interoperability questions in 2022. Of these respondents, 35% practiced in hospital or health system–owned practices, while 27% practiced in independently owned practices. Eleven percent were very satisfied with their ability to electronically access all 10 types of information from outside organizations included on the questionnaire, and a mean of 70% were at least somewhat satisfied. A total of 23% of family medicine physicians reported information from outside organizations was very easy to use, and an additional 65% reported that information was somewhat easy to use. Only 8% reported that information from different electronic health record (EHR) developers’ products was very easy to use compared with 38% who reported information from the same EHR developer’s product was very easy to use.Conclusions and RelevanceThis survey study of family medicine physicians found modest and uneven improvement in physicians’ experience with interoperability. These findings suggest that substantial heterogeneity in satisfaction by information type, source of information, EHR, practice type, ownership, and patient population necessitates diverse policy and strategies to improve interoperability.
Autophagy‐related 5 in acute ischemic stroke: Variation and linkage with neurofunction, and survival
Authors: Chen Fan , Wu Linxia , Zhang Meng , Kan Minchen , Chen Huimin , Wang Xiaohua , Qu Juanjuan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveAutophagy‐related 5 (ATG5) facilitates the pathologic process of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) via multiple ways. This study aimed to identify the association of serum ATG5 with clinical outcomes in AIS patients.MethodsSerum ATG5 from 280 AIS patients were detected at admission, Day (D)1, D3, D7, D30, and D90 after admission by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. The median (interquartile range) follow‐up was 21.1 (5.9–43.9) months. Another 50 healthy controls (HCs) were also enrolled for serum ATG5 determination.ResultsATG5 was elevated (p < 0.001) (vs. HCs), and positively correlated with hyperlipidemia (p = 0.016), and the national institutes of health stroke scale score (p = 0.001) in AIS patients. Interestingly, ATG5 was increased from admission to D1, but gradually decreased until D90 (p < 0.001). Besides, 85 (30.4%) and 195 (69.6%) AIS patients were assessed as modified Rankin Scale (mRS) >2 and mRS ≤2 at D90, respectively. ATG5 at admission, D1, D3, D30, and D90 was elevated in AIS patients with mRS >2 versus those with mRS ≤2 (all p < 0.050). ATG5 at admission, D1, D3, D7, D30, or D90 was elevated in relapsed (vs. non‐relapsed) or died (vs. survived) AIS patients (all p < 0.050). Recurrence‐free survival was shortened in AIS patients with high (≥52.0 ng/mL) ATG5 versus those with low (<52.0 ng/mL) ATG5 at admission, D3, D7, and D30 (all p < 0.050); overall survival was shorter in AIS patients with high (vs. low) ATG5 at D7 and D30 (both p < 0.050).InterpretationSerum ATG5 elevates at first, thereafter gradually declines, whose elevation associates with neurological dysfunction, recurrence, and death risk in AIS patients.
Enhancing Reverse Intersystem Crossing of Multiple Resonance Type Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitter by Introducing Spatial Perturbation
Authors: Xiong Xin , Li Jia‐Qi , Chen Ting‐Feng , Fan Xiao‐Chun , Cheng Ying‐Chun , Wang Hui , Huang Feng , Wu Hao , Yu Jia , Chen Xian‐Kai , Wang Kai , Zhang Xiao‐Hong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractFor multiple resonance (MR) type thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters, electron cloud distributions of their π‐conjugated planes are crucial for determining their eventual performance. Currently, modulation attempts of MR‐TADF emitters are mainly inside the π‐conjugated planes. Possible out‐of‐plane interactions may also significantly impact the photophysical properties, but the exploration is quite limited. Here, a novel concept of using out‐of‐plane (e.g., π–π and lone pair‐π) interactions to introduce spatial perturbation (SPPT) to improve TADF performance is proposed. Two newly developed MR‐TADF emitters, namely, o‐BNPO and BNPO, which both consist of a popular MR framework, DtBuCzB, and diphenylphosphine oxide (DPPO), are compared in depth. In particular, for o‐BNPO, evident π–π interaction is observed between one side of the DtBuCzB π‐conjugated plane and a phenyl ring from DPPO, and lone pair‐π interaction with the oxygen atom from DPPO is noticed on the other side, resulting in significantly accelerated reverse intersystem crossing and better TADF without sacrificing narrowband emission features. Ultimately, in organic light‐emitting diodes with sensitizer‐free emitting layers, both emitters achieve similar narrowband emissions, while the o‐BNPO‐based device demonstrates a much higher external quantum efficiency of 36% and milder efficiency roll‐off.
3D Bioprinting of Multicellular Stem Cell‐Derived Constructs to Model Pancreatic Cell Differentiation
Authors: Edri Shlomit , Newman Frisch Abigail , Safina Dina , Machour Majd , Zavin Janette , Landsman Limor , Pierreux Christophe E. , Spagnoli Francesca M. , Levenberg Shulamit 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn vitro models of the pancreas can aid in developing therapies for pancreatic diseases. Nonetheless, most pancreatic tissue engineering is limited to insulin‐secreting β‐cells or pancreatic adenocarcinoma models. Combining all essential tissue components, including exocrine, endocrine, and blood vasculature, is crucial to recapitulate native tissue organization. In this study, extrusion‐based 3D bioprinting to create pancreatic tissue constructs containing both endocrine and exocrine compartments is exploited. Mouse pluripotent stem cell‐derived pancreatic progenitors, pancreatic endothelial cells, and mesenchymal stem cells are bioprinted. During postprinting cultivation, the cells differentiated into exocrine and endocrine lineages, resulting in vascularized pancreatic tissue‐like constructs with multiple cell types. However, the bioprinted constructs contracted significantly postprinting, hindering control of cell positioning and shape preservation. Therefore, 2 strategies to reduce the contraction and deformation of the bioprinted constructs are developed. These bioprinting techniques and biomaterial combinations allow us to investigate the influence of construct design and cellular composition on pancreatic cell fate. The results reveal that increased construct stiffness and endothelial component presence significantly promoted endocrine while suppressing exocrine differentiation. Overall, a novel strategy for pancreatic tissue engineering that advances and holds promise for pancreas disease and development modeling, as well as pharmaceutical testing is demonstrated.
A Flexibly Function‐Oriented Assembly Mechanical Metamaterial
Authors: Yue Chengbin , Zhao Wei , Li Fengfeng , Li Bingxun , Liu Liwu , Liu Yanju , Leng Jinsong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBased on the snap‐through instability, the pursuit for mechanical metamaterials with flexible functional applications and the ability to combine with information has been the Holy Grail for structural scientists. Here, the function/application‐oriented bistable unit motifs (UMs) are developed by an elaborately architectural design inspired by the hind leg of the frog in jumping, and a corresponding assembled strategy is proposed. Three functional applications derived from their progressive evolutions. The first is the construction of on‐demand assemblable mechanical curves, including multi‐stage vibration isolation, recoverable energy absorption, and energy dissipation along with integrated vibration isolation and energy dissipation characteristics. The second is the development of mechanic and temperature double pattern encryption strategy using bistability and shape memory programmability, resulting in 4n encryption and decryption modes for n‐bit encryption devices. Finally, five non‐volatile basic mechanical logic gates and a universal combinatorial half‐adder are built, affording guidance to unconventional computing devices with logic functions.
Anion‐Dominated Conventional‐Concentrations Electrolyte to Improve Low‐Temperature Performance of Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Chen Nan , Feng Mai , Li Chengjie , Shang Yanxin , Ma Yue , Zhang Jinxiang , Li Yifan , Chen Guoshuai , Wu Feng , Chen Renjie 
Published: March 2024

AbstractLow temperatures (< −20 °C) significantly diminish lithium‐ion battery performance due to freezing issues within commercial electrolytes and the high energy barrier for Li+ desolvation at the interface. Although high‐concentration electrolytes and localized high‐concentration electrolytes enhance Li+ desolvation kinetics featuring anion‐participated solvation structures, their high viscosity and propensity for Li salt precipitation render them unsuitable for low‐temperature environments. This study introduces an anion‐dominated conventional‐concentrations electrolyte (ACCE) created by incorporating Lithium difluorophosphate(LiPO2F2)into a 1 M Lithium bis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)azanide(LiTFSI) Dimethyl carbonate(DMC)/Fluoroethylene carbonate(FEC)/Methyl acetate(MA) electrolyte solution. LiPO2F2, characterized by its poor solubility and strong binding with Li+, demonstrates a pronounced tendency to integrate into the primary solvation sheath of Li+. Moreover, the synergy between LiTFSI and LiPO2F2 establishes a dual anion configuration, unveiling a dual anion‐driven mechanism. This mechanism significantly diminishes the interaction between Li+ and solvent molecules, resulting in reduced desolvation energy under low temperatures. The ACCE exhibits high ionic conductivity of 1.3 mS cm−1 at −50 °C, enabling stable cycling of Li/NCM811 cells at −50 °C, and further allows 0.75 Ah graphite(Gr)/LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2(NCM811) batteries dischargeable at −40 °C. This study presents a practical application potential for poorly soluble lithium salts and provides a new avenue for designing electrolytes suitable for low‐temperature applications.
Enhancing Infected Wound Healing Through Scavenging Reactive Oxygen Species Using Synergetic Composites of Sub‐Nanoscale TiO2 with DNA
Authors: Xu Rongchen , Fan Yiping , Gu Junting , Cao Wei , Deng Ruotong , Rana Zohaib , Lu Xiaotong , Xu Changzhen , Xiang Guolei , Li Hongbo , Wang Xun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractOxidative stress (OS) resulting from excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) is the initial pathogenesis of many diseases, thus various pharmaceutical materials are explored to scavenge ROS. However, the medical applications of most ROS‐scavenging materials are limited due to side effects and low bio‐stability. DNA has emerged as a promising ROS‐scavenging material with excellent biosafety and programmability, but the efficiency needs to be improved by developing new fabrication methods. Here, a sub‐nanoscale TiO2 composite modified with DNA with excellent biostability, biocompatibility, and enhanced ROS‐scavenging efficiency for medical applications is presented. The sub‐nanoscale TiO2‐DNA (SNTD) composite exhibits higher scavenging capacities for multiple ROS including ·OH, H2O2, and O2•−. Additionally, it can regulate macrophages from pro‐inflammatory to anti‐inflammatory phenotype. In vivo experiments show that the nanocomposites reduce ROS concentration, decrease inflammatory cell infiltration, accelerate re‐epithelization, and promote collagen regeneration, thereby enhancing the healing of infected skin wounds.