bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient‐Led Urate Self‐Monitoring to Improve Clinical Outcomes in People With Gout: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Michael Toni J. F. , Wright Daniel F. B. , Chan Jian S. , Coleshill Matthew J. , Aslani Parisa , Hughes Dyfrig A. , Day Richard O. , Stocker Sophie L. 
Published: April 2024

ObjectiveSelf‐monitored point‐of‐care urate‐measuring devices are an underexplored strategy to improve adherence to urate‐lowering therapy and clinical outcomes in gout. This study observed patient‐led urate self‐monitoring practice and assessed its influence on allopurinol adherence, urate control, and health‐related quality of life.MethodsPeople with gout (n = 31) and prescribed allopurinol self‐monitored their urate concentrations (HumaSens2.0plus) at baseline and thereafter monthly for 12 months (3 months per quarter). Adherence to allopurinol was measured using medication event monitoring technology (Medication Event Monitoring System cap). Time spent below the target urate concentration (<0.36 mmol/L) was determined. Health‐related quality of life was measured using a survey (EuroQoL EQ‐5D‐5L). Gout flares were recorded. Two‐tailed Spearman correlation and the Wilcoxon matched‐pairs signed‐rank test (P < 0.05) were used for statistical comparisons.ResultsMost participants were male (94%) and had urate concentrations below the target (74%) at baseline. Overall, seven participants demonstrated repeated periods of “missed doses” (two or fewer allopurinol doses missed consecutively) and “drug holidays” (three or more missed doses). Most participants (94%) persisted with allopurinol. Time spent within the target urate concentration increased 1.3‐fold (from 79% to 100%; P = 0.346), and the incidence of gout flares decreased 1.6‐fold (from 8 to 5; P = 0.25) in the final quarter compared to that in the first quarter of the study. Health‐related quality of life was reduced for participants reporting at least one gout flare (median utility values 0.9309 vs 0.9563, P = 0.04).ConclusionPatient‐led urate self‐monitoring may support the maintenance of allopurinol adherence and improve urate control, thus reducing the incidence of gout flares. Further research on patient‐led urate self‐monitoring in a randomized controlled study is warranted.
Programmable Bacteria‐Based Biohybrids as Living Biotherapeutics for Enhanced Cancer Sonodynamic‐Immunotherapy
Authors: Wang Cheng , Chen Linfu , Zhu Jiafei , Wang Chunjie , Li Maoyi , Miao Yu , Liu Nanhui , Ji Zhaoxin , Pan Feng , Liu Yi , Zhu Junjie , Yang Yang , Chen Qian 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSynthetic biology is propelling medicine into a new era through its capacity to genetically program living cells. One of the particular interests is engineering bacteria as a live and targeted therapeutic delivery system. Herein, the bacterial biohybrid (E. coli‐pE@PCN) is developed by genetically engineering Escherichia coli BL21 to overexpress catalase (E. coli‐pE) and electrostatically adsorbing nano‐sonosensitizers (PCN NPs) for enhanced and targeted sonodynamic therapy (SDT). Leveraging the ability to colonize and penetrate deep in tumors, engineered bacteria can not only sustainably express catalase to relieve tumor hypoxia, but also facilitate the enriched and expanded distribution of the carried sonosensitizer at the tumor site, so as to trigger effective SDT. More interestingly, it is found that E. coli‐pE@PCN‐based SDT can successfully inhibit the growth of subcutaneous and orthotopic colorectal tumors by inducing potent antitumor immune responses due to the released tumor‐associated antigens and native immunogenicity of bacterial pathogen‐associated molecular patterns. Furthermore, E. coli‐pE@PCN‐based SDT can not only prime a strong immune memory response to prevent tumor recurrence but also elicit a potent abscopal effect to inhibit tumor metastasis. Therefore, the programmable bacteria‐based biohybrids developed here pave an avenue to prepare next‐generation sonodynamic‐immunotherapeutics to eliminate cancer and prevent its relapse and metastasis.
A Simple and Sensitive Approach for Real‐Time Sensing of Enzymatically Catalyzed Hydrogelation
Authors: Putz Sebastian , Kassar Meriem , Oelschlaeger Claude , Franzreb Matthias , Kabay Gözde 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDespite the critical role of hydrogels in material science and biotechnology, current methods for analyzing their formation lack real‐time monitoring and require complex sample preparation and instrumentation. In this work, an innovative methodology is introduced for the real‐time analysis of enzymatically catalyzed hydrogelation. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) coupled with interdigitated electrodes (IDEs) to sense and transduce the gelation reaction of model precursor carboxymethyl cellulose‐tyramine (CMC‐TA) conjugates that undergoes enzymatic cross‐linking by horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Real‐time monitoring involves single‐frequency analyses at 3 × 105 Hz, where the measured impedance consists solely of a resistive component, and the admittance equates to solution conductance. The gelation trajectories for all tested enzymatically cross‐linked hydrogel component combinations are determined by substituting the conductance data in the modified Michaelis–Menten kinetic model. Specifically, for CMC‐TA cross‐linked by HRP, the authors calculate apparent KM and kcat values of 82.1 µM and 95.5 s−1, respectively. These findings are further validated through rheological characterization, including oscillatory shear measurements and microrheology. Overall, this research paves the way for a streamlined, accurate, and cost‐effective approach to controllable enzymatically initiated hydrogel synthesis, enhancing their successful application in various fields ranging from material science to biotechnology.
Tailoring Photoweldable Shape Memory Polyurethane with Intrinsic Photothermal / Fluorescence Via Engineering Metal‐Phenolic Systems
Authors: Ping Zhongxin , Xie Fang , Gong Xiaobo , Zhang Fenghua , Zheng Jie , Liu Yanju , Leng Jinsong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMultifunctional shape memory polymers are significant for next‐generation intelligent systems as smart materials. However, their practical applications are limited by toughness, manufacturability, and functional integration strategies. Besides, while 4D printing is used to construct deformable devices, the limited accessible shapes and difficulty of integrating multiple materials hindered the development of multifunctional devices. Herein, metal‐phenolic coordination is used as crosslinks to tailor tough shape memory polyurethanes with intrinsic photothermal effect and/or tunable fluorescence. The reversible dissociation of metal‐phenolic complexes upon loading provides an efficient energy dissipation for the polymer network. The photothermal/fluorescent properties of target polyurethane can be effortlessly programmed by changing the coordinated metals and functional ligands. The obtained fluorescent polyurethane displays tunable fluorescence through the reversible dissociation‐association of dynamic bonds upon thermal stimulus. Moreover, relying on light‐triggered hybrid exchange reactions among various metal‐phenolic coordination bonds, heterogeneous interfaces can be merged to manufacture exquisite 3D shape‐shifting devices and integrate more advanced functions. As demonstrations, intrinsic photothermal‐responsive shape memory stent, and 3D fluorescent encryption device are produced based on photo‐welding instead of 4D printing. This study not only provides a convenient supramolecular strategy for constructing multifunctional smart materials but also demonstrates a feasible method for making personalized integrated architectures.
2D Ca2Nb3O10 Optoelectronic Neuromorphic Device for Ultrasensitive UV‐C Vision and Encrypted Communication
Authors: Chen Jiaxin , Liu Xinya , Zhu Qingshan , Fang Xiaosheng , Xu Wentao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNeuromorphic device that percepts ultraviolet (UV) radiations is essential for supplementing human visual perception. However, UV‐responsive synapses with high sensitivity and wavelength selectivity have not yet been developed so far. Herein, 2D optoelectronic synapses that are able to distinguish between UV‐A, UV‐,B and UV‐C radiations using a single material are demonstrated. The synapses use Ca2Nb3O10 nanosheets with wide bandgap and persistent photoconductivity effect (PPC) as UV‐responsive layer. The devices can detect UV‐C rays at ultralow intensity of 70 nW cm−2, which is the lowest record among 2D UV synaptic devices. Moreover, such a device demonstrates UV image vision, recognition, and memorization functions based on its diverse synaptic behaviors. The atomically thin UV synapses provide implications for enhancing human visual perception capabilities with spectral selectivity, ultrahigh sensitivity, and low‐energy consumption.
Hydrogen‐Induced Disproportionation of Samarium‐Cobalt Intermetallics Enabling Promoted Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Activity and Durability in Alkaline Media
Authors: Chen Ziliang , Mebs Stefan , Mondal Indranil , Yang Hongyuan , Dau Holger , Kang Zhenhui , Haumann Michael , Ghosh Suptish , Cen Wanglai , Driess Matthias , Menezes Prashanth W. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTransition‐metal nanoparticles hold great promise as electrocatalysts for alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), however, addressing the simultaneous challenges of ensuring sufficient active sites, promoting favorable water dissociation, and optimizing binding energy toward hydrogen intermediates remains a formidable task. To overcome these hurdles, a novel gaseous hydrogen engineering strategy is proposed by in situ embedding cobalt nanoparticles within a samarium hydride matrix (Co/SmH2) via hydrogen‐induced disproportionation of SmCo5 particles for efficient alkaline HER. The as‐designed Co/SmH2 delivered an overpotential as low as 252 mV at 100 mA cm−2, surpassing the performance of pristine Co by 100 mV. Notably, this catalyst lasts remarkably long maintaining a durability at ≈500 mA cm−2 for 120 h. A combination of in situ Raman spectroscopy, in situ X‐ray absorption spectroscopy, density functional theory calculation and post‐HER characterizations unambiguously unveiled that the surface SmH2 transforms into samarium (hydr)oxide during electrocatalysis. This transformation not only inhibits the aggregation of the ultrafine cobalt nanoparticles but also significantly enhances the water dissociation and optimizes the binding energy of active cobalt species toward hydrogen intermediate, resulting in concurrent improvement of kinetics, thermodynamics, and stability of the HER process.
Advances and Future Prospects of Micro‐Silicon Anodes for High‐Energy‐Density Lithium‐Ion Batteries: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Sun Lin , Liu Yang , Wang Lijun , Jin Zhong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSilicon (Si), stands out for its abundant resources, eco‐friendliness, affordability, high capacity, and low operating potential, making it a prime candidate for high‐energy‐density lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). Notably, the breakthrough use of nanostructured Si (nSi) has paved the way for the commercialization of Si anodes. Despite this, challenges like high processing costs, severe side reactions, and low volumetric energy density have impeded widespread industrial adoption. Micron‐scale Si (µSi) has always faced setbacks compared to nSi due to its greater volume expansion. However, recent years have witnessed a resurgence of interest in µSi‐based anodes. Capitalizing on its inherent advantages, including low cost and high tap density, µSi has once again captured the attention of both academic and industrial communities. This review begins by contrasting the strengths and weaknesses of µSi and nSi, then outline potential solutions to enhance µSi performance, covering aspects like structural regulation, composite anodes, binder design, and electrolyte exploration. Additionally, this work explores the application of machine learning‐assisted high‐throughput screening. Concluding the review, this work provides insights into the future prospects of µSi in LIBs, outlining challenges and proposing integrated coping strategies. This review anticipates that it will provide valuable perspectives for the commercial application of high‐energy‐density Si‐based anodes.
Phase‐Centric MOCVD Enabled Synthetic Approaches for Wafer‐Scale 2D Tin Selenides
Authors: Kim Sungyeon , Lee Wookhee , Ko Kyungmin , Cho Hanbin , Cho Hoyeon , Jeon Seonhwa , Jeong Changwook , Kim Sungkyu , Ding Feng , Suh Joonki 
Published: April 2024

AbstractFollowing an initial nucleation stage at the flake level, atomically thin film growth of a van der Waals material is promoted by ultrafast lateral growth and prohibited vertical growth. To produce these highly anisotropic films, synthetic or post‐synthetic modifications are required, or even a combination of both, to ensure large‐area, pure‐phase, and low‐temperature deposition. A set of synthetic strategies is hereby presented to selectively produce wafer‐scale tin selenides, SnSex (both x = 1 and 2), in the 2D forms. The 2D‐SnSe2 films with tuneable thicknesses are directly grown via metal–organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) at 200 °C, and they exhibit outstanding crystallinities and phase homogeneities and consistent film thickness across the entire wafer. This is enabled by excellent control of the volatile metal–organic precursors and decoupled dual‐temperature regimes for high‐temperature ligand cracking and low‐temperature growth. In contrast, SnSe, which intrinsically inhibited from 2D growth, is indirectly prepared by a thermally driven phase transition of an as‐grown 2D‐SnSe2 film with all the benefits of the MOCVD technique. It is accompanied by the electronic n‐type to p‐type crossover at the wafer scale. These tailor‐made synthetic routes will accelerate the low‐thermal‐budget production of multiphase 2D materials in a reliable and scalable fashion.
Co‐Interlayer Engineering for Homogenous Phase Quasi‐2‐D Perovskite and High‐Performance Deep‐Blue Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Zhou Ning , Na Guangren , Li Dongyu , Jiang Zhengyan , Xiao Xiangtian , Lin Hong , Zhang Zhijun , Choy Wallace C.H 
Published: April 2024

AbstractOrganic and inorganic hybrid perovskites are a class of solution‐processable semiconductors that hold significant promise for light‐emitting diode applications. However, the development of efficient blue perovskite light‐emitting diodes (PeLEDs) has remained a critical challenge. Although significant advancements have been achieved in the development of sky‐blue PeLEDs, the performance of pure‐blue and deep‐blue PeLEDs still lags. In this manuscript, by incorporating 1‐cyclohexene‐1‐ethanamine cation (CEA+) into the host 1‐phenylbutylamine cation (PBA+) spacer and fabricating mixed‐cations quasi‐2D perovskites, a homogeneous phase distribution in quasi‐2D perovskite films is achieved through precise tuning of the phase formation energy. The resulting PeLEDs exhibit remarkable performance with an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 5.8% at 467 nm, which is one of the highest EQEs among the deep‐blue light quasi‐2D PeLED devices with emission wavelengths below 470 nm, Additionally, the device demonstrates a half‐lifetime of ≈ 25 min. Furthermore, the PeLEDs utilizing mixed‐cation perovskite exhibit a stable electroluminescence (EL) spectrum under varying voltage biases, even when the chlorine content in the halogen sites reaches as high as 30%. Overall, this work offers a novel and promising avenue to achieve both high EQE and a stable EL spectrum in blue‐light quasi‐2D PeLEDs.
Narrow Band Organic Emitter for Pure Green Solution‐Processed Electroluminescent Devices with CIE Coordinate y of 0.77
Authors: Zhuang Xuming , Liang Baoyan , Jiang Chao , Wang Shipan , Bi Hai , Wang Yue 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWhile the development of solution‐processed organic light‐emitting diodes (sOLEDs) utilizing multiple resonance‐induced thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR‐TADF) is highly significant, it is restricted by the limited solubility and film‐forming property resulting from the rigid conjugate and planarity of MR‐TADF materials. Herein, an effective strategy is presented to obtain solution‐processed narrowband emitters by introducing an inert steric bulky hindrance group into the multiple resonance skeleton, thereby mitigating issues arising from intermolecular packing‐induced poor solution processing ability and quenching effects. The resulting target emitter, designed as 3CzSF‐BN, exhibits pure‐green emission with a peak at 520 nm and a small full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 30 nm (0.14) eV. Remarkably, it achieves an exceptional photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 100% and notable advancements in solution processing attributes. The optimized bottom‐emitting sOLED (BE‐sOLED) device achieves an external quantum efficiency (EQE) over 20% with Commission Internationale de I’Éclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.214, 0.716). Notably, the top‐emitting sOLED (TE‐sOLED) device exhibits an ultra‐pure green color with FWHM of 22 nm and CIE coordinates of (0.138, 0.771), thereby highlighting the effectiveness of this strategy in designing high‐performance solution‐processed MR‐TADF materials.
High Efficiency Triplet‐Triplet Fusion Blue Fluorescence OLEDs by introducing a “Hot Exciton” Efficiency Enhancement Layer
Authors: Xie Dian , Wang Zhiming , Chen Yichao , Qiao Xianfeng , Yang Dezhi , Sun Qian , Dai Yanfeng , Ma Yuguang , Ma Dongge 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTriplet‐triplet fusion (TTF) can effectively transfer triplet excitons to singlet energy level and exhibit good stability, making it widely used in blue fluorescence organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) for practical application. However, the efficiency of the resulting blue fluorescence OLEDs is still fundamentally limited. Herein, this work introduces a hot exciton efficiency enhancement layer (EEL) between TTF emissive layer and electron‐transporting layer for the first time. It can be found that the triplet excitons are greatly utilized by the efficient hot exciton EEL. As a result, a high efficiency blue fluorescence OLED is successfully developed, exhibiting a maximum external quantum efficiency of 15.2% at the luminance of 4068.0 cd m−2, achieving a breakthrough in the efficiency of blue TTF‐OLEDs. Transient electroluminescence (TrEL) measurements and detailed theoretical calculations confirm the key role of the effective hot exciton process from the high‐lying triplet energy level (Tn, n ≥ 2) to S1 via a reverse intersystem crossing (hRISC). Furthermore, the device lifetime is also greatly improved owing to the fast and efficient hRISC in the introduced hot exciton EEL. This work has important guiding significance for constructing high efficiency blue fluorescence OLEDs by introducing hot exciton molecules.
Current Induced Field‐Free Switching in a Magnetic Insulator with Enhanced Spin‐Orbit Torque
Authors: Bai He , Li Jialiang , Ke Jintao , Guo Qixun , Zhu Zhaozhao , Guo Yaqin , Deng Xiao , Liu Dan , Cai Jianwang , Zhu Tao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe energy‐efficient spin‐orbit torque (SOT) based devices are essential for future memory and logic technologies. To realize a deterministic switching, an external in‐plane magnetic field is usually needed to break the symmetry, which becomes an obstacle for device applications. Here, a field‐free switching in a perpendicularly magnetized yttrium iron garnet covered with an oblique deposited Pt with nitrogen incorporation is demonstrated. The spin‐orbit torque efficiency is enhanced with the increasing incorporation ratio of nitrogen in Pt. The maximum effective spin Hall angle of Pt(N) can reach 0.113, which is almost two times larger than that of pure Pt in Pt/YIG. Meanwhile, the switching current density is reduced with the incorporation of nitrogen. These findings open a route toward high‐efficiency SOT driven spintronic devices based on magnetic insulators.
Unlocking Electrode Performance of Disordered Rocksalt Oxides Through Structural Defect Engineering and Surface Stabilization with Concentrated Electrolyte
Authors: Zhang Yanjia , Ugata Yosuke , Campéon BenoîtDenis Louis , Yabuuchi Naoaki 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Li‐excess cation‐disordered rocksalt oxides can boost the energy density of rechargeable batteries by using anionic redox, but the inferior reversibility of anionic redox hinders its use for practical applications. Herein, a binary system of Li3NbO4–LiMnO2 is targeted and the systematic study on factors affecting electrode reversibility, i.e., percolation probability, electronic conductivity, defect concentrations, and electrolyte solutions, is conducted. A Mn‐rich sample, Li1.1Nb0.1Mn0.8O2, delivers a smaller reversible capacity compared with a Li‐rich sample, Li1.3Nb0.3Mn0.4O2, because of the limitation of ionic migration associated with insufficient percolation probability for disordered oxides. Nevertheless, a larger reversible capacity of Li1.3Nb0.3Mn0.4O2 originates from excessive activation of anionic redox, leading to the degradation of electrode reversibility. The superior performance of Li1.1Nb0.1Mn0.8O2, including Li ion migration kinetics and electronic transport properties, is unlocked by the enrichment of structural defects for nanosized oxides. Moreover, electrode reversibility is further improved by using a highly concentrated electrolyte solution with LiN(SO2F)2 through the surface stabilization on high‐voltage exposure. Superior capacity retention, >100 cycles, is achieved for nanosized Li1.1Nb0.1Mn0.8O2. The electrolyte decomposition and surface stabilization mechanisms are also carefully examined, and it is revealed that the use of highly concentrated electrolyte solution can effectively prevent lattice oxygen being further oxidized and transition metal ion dissolution.
Homogenic Boundary Effect Boosted Oxygen Evolution Reaction in α/β‐NiMoO4 for Rechargeable Aqueous Zn‐Air Battery
Authors: Zhu Jinli , Zhou Qianyang , Wang Linchuan , Zhou Wanhai , Chen Minghua , Liu Xin , Gao Daqiang , Chao Dongliang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRechargeable Zn‐air batteries (ZAB) represent a promising avenue for sustainable energy storage, boasting high energy density, cost‐effectiveness, scalability, and environmental friendliness. However, the sluggish redox kinetics and limited cycle life of bifunctional oxygen evolution/reduction (OER/ORR) electrocatalysts impede the further practical development of ZABs. In this study, homogenic boundary effect within α/β‐NiMoO4 is introduced as a superior electrocatalyst for ZAB. Through in situ poikilothermic X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray absorption spectroscopy, and theoretical investigations, the active Ni atoms exhibit more effective electron transfer at α/β‐NiMoO4 due to the homogenic boundary effect is unveiled. Furthermore, the presence of oxygen vacancies and lattice distortions at these boundaries significantly reduces the thermodynamic barrier of OER to a mere 0.46 V. Consequently, α/β‐NiMoO4 demonstrates a remarkably low overpotential of 270 mV at 10 mA cm−2 for the bottlenecked OER, along with prolonged durability (150 h) and a high specific capacity (745 mAh g−1 at 5 mA cm−2) for ZAB. This study underscores the efficacy of homogenic boundary effects in enhancing electrocatalytic activities, offering great promise for the advancement of sustainable energy systems.