bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sagittal balance in scoliosis associated with Marfan syndrome: A stereoradiographic three-dimensional analysis
Authors: Glard Yann , Pomero Vincent , Collignon Patrick , Skalli Wafa , Jouve Jean-Luc , Bollini Gérard 
Published: February 2008

Purpose Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a genetic disease often marked by the presence of scoliosis. There is no three-dimensional analysis of the deformity in the literature. Our aim was to determine what kind of sagittal balance defines scoliosis associated with MFS, namely a flexion deformity, as it is in scoliosis associated with Chiari I or an extension deformity, as in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). To address this issue, we compared the presence or absence of a thoracic scoliosis with the presence or absence of a segment in extension in the thoracic spine. Methods In our series, 30 patients diagnosed with Marfan syndrome were prospectively included. In each patient, personalized three-dimensional reconstruction from T1 to L5 of the spine was made using stereoradiography. The patients were first separated based on the presence or absence of thoracic scoliosis, in order to compare this with the presence or absence of a segment in extension in the thoracic spine. They were then classified into two groups based on the presence or absence of the segment in extension (meaning containing negative values of inter-vertebral sagittal rotation) in the thoracic spine. Results Among scoliotic patients with a thoracic scoliosis (17 cases), there were 13 (76.5% cases) with a segment in extension in the thoracic spine and 4 with no segment in extension. Conclusions Our results showed that scoliosis associated with MFS is somehow original, demonstrating a sagittal balance in extension (as AIS) in about 80% of thoracic curves, but without this characteristic feature in about 20%.
Correlation between posteromedial or posterolateral displacement and cubitus varus deformity in supracondylar humerus fractures in children
Authors: Eren Abdullah , Güven Melih , Erol Bülent , Akman Budak , Õzkan Korhan 
Published: February 2008

Purpose Cubitus varus deformity is one of the most common complications after displaced supracondylar humeral fractures in children. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the fracture displacement and cubitus varus deformity in displaced supracondylar humerus fractures. Methods Seventeen patients (11 males/6 females; mean age 7 years) with cubitus varus deformities occurring after Gartland type III posteromedial or posterolateral displaced supracondylar humerus fractures were evaluated with clinical and serial radiographic examinations. All patients had been treated surgically by open reduction through a medial approach and percutaneous cross-pinning. All fractures were reduced anatomically. Ten of the patients were operated within the first 24 h. The time interval between the initial injury and the surgical procedure for the remaining seven patients was 5.3 days on average (range 2–10 days). The carrying angle and range of motion of the elbow were measured throughout the follow-up period. The mean follow-up time was 3.7 years (range 2–12 years). Results Five patients with type III-B fractures had a mean carrying angle loss of 8.8° (range 6–10°), whereas for the remaining 12 type III-A patients the mean loss was 15° (range 6–29°) ( P = 0.019). None of the patients in this study demonstrated limited elbow motion. According to the Flynn criteria, the results were good in five type III-B patients. There was no statistically significant relationship between the loss of carrying angle and the delay before the surgical procedure ( P = 0.615 in type III-A, P = 0.096 in type III-B). Conclusions The carrying angle loss was more significant in type III-A fractures compared with type III-B in this series. These results suggest that although anatomic reduction has been achieved by surgical treatment without loss of reduction, there is still a risk for cubitus varus deformity for type III-A fractures due to the initial compression of the medial column or, in other words, physeal injury.
The link between emotion identification skills and socio‐emotional functioning in early adolescence: A 1‐year longitudinal study
Authors: Ciarrochi Joseph , Heaven Patrick C.L. , Supavadeeprasit Sunila 
Published: February 2008

AbstractAmongst adults, low emotion identification skill (EIS) relates to poor emotion regulation strategies, higher rates of anxiety and depression, and higher rates of somatic illness and disease [Taylor, G. J., & Bagby, R. M. (2004). New trends in alexithymia research. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 73, 68–77]. Little research has examined EIS in adolescence and, in particular, the longitudinal impact of EIS on social support and affective experience. Six hundred and sixty‐seven high school students completed measures of EIS, social support and positive and negative affects in Grade 8, and again in Grade 9. Repeated measure ANOVAS revealed that negative affect increased and positive affect decreased from Grades 8 to 9. Structural equation modelling revealed that low EIS predicted increases in fear, decreases in positive affect, and decreases in the quality and quantity of social support. Amongst boys, low EIS also predicted increases in sadness. We discuss the implications of these findings for early prevention programmes.
Holiday and school‐term sleep patterns of Australian adolescents
Authors: Warner Suzanne , Murray Greg , Meyer Denny 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThe holiday and school‐term sleep patterns of 310 Australian senior school students were surveyed in a longitudinal study, along with self‐reported sleep quality, mood, daytime functioning, grades and circadian preference. Evidence was found that with the impact of school schedule, students accrued a significant sleep debt, obtaining insufficient sleep for their needs and reporting lowered mood and daytime functioning. Support was found for the hypothesis that trait circadian preference mediates mood, daytime functioning and academic grades through its effect on sleep variables at school time. It was concluded that while the imposition of school schedule negatively impacted on mood and daytime functioning for the sample as a whole, evening‐oriented adolescents were the most vulnerable to poorer outcomes. These students obtained poorer quality and less sleep than morning‐oriented students. Sleep factors impacted negatively on evening‐oriented students’ mood and ability to function at school during the day, which in turn predicted poorer academic achievement.
Patterns of interaction in adolescent romantic relationships: Distinct features and links to other close relationships
Authors: Furman Wyndol , Shomaker Lauren B. 
Published: February 2008

ABSTRACTThis study examined the similarities and differences between adolescents’ interactions with romantic partners and those with friends and mothers. Thirty‐two adolescents were observed interacting with a romantic partner, a close friend, and their mother. Adolescents and romantic partners engaged in more conflict than adolescents and friends. Adolescents’ affective responsiveness was less positive with romantic partners than with their friends. Additionally, the dyadic positivity was lower in romantic relationships than in friendships. More off‐task behavior occurred in romantic relationships than in mother–adolescent relationships. Romantic partners were also less skillful communicators and had lower levels of affective responsiveness than mothers. Adolescents perceived more support and fewer negative interactions in romantic relationships than in relationships with mothers. Consistent with expectations, adolescents’ interactions with romantic partners were associated with those with friends and mothers. Thus, romantic relationships are characterized by distinct patterns of interaction, yet also are associated with other close relationships.
Countervailing social network influences on problem behaviors among homeless youth
Authors: Rice Eric , Stein Judith A. , Milburn Norweeta 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThe impact of countervailing social network influences (i.e., pro‐social, anti‐social or HIV risk peers) on problem behaviors (i.e., HIV drug risk, HIV sex risk or anti‐social behaviors) among 696 homeless youth was assessed using structural equation modeling. Results revealed that older youth were less likely to report having pro‐social peers and were more likely to have HIV risk and anti‐social peers. A longer time homeless predicted fewer pro‐social peers, more anti‐social peers, and more HIV risk peers. Heterosexual youth reported fewer HIV risk peers and more pro‐social peers. Youth recruited at agencies were more likely to report pro‐social peers. Having pro‐social peers predicted less HIV sex risk behavior and less anti‐social behavior. Having HIV risk peers predicted all problem behavior outcomes. Anti‐social peers predicted more anti‐social behavior. Once the association between anti‐social and HIV risk peers was accounted for independently, having anti‐social peers did not independently predict sex or drug risk behaviors.
Retrospective report of social withdrawal during adolescence and current maladjustment in young adulthood: Cross‐cultural comparisons between Australian and South Korean students
Authors: Kim Jinkwan , Rapee Ronald M. , Ja Oh Kyung , Moon Hye‐Shin 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThe current study investigated associations between the frequency of and motivations for social withdrawal during adolescence and emotional distresses in young adulthood. Perceived motivations for social withdrawal included unsociability, isolation, shyness, and low mood. Social withdrawal during adolescence was assessed using a retrospective questionnaire completed by Australian and Korean university students. They also completed measures of general self‐worth, social relationships, loneliness, social anxiety, and depression at university. Partial correlations and path analyses revealed that different motivations for social withdrawal had different risk status for later adjustment across the two samples. In particular, it appeared that shy and unsociable individuals in Korea showed better social and emotional adjustment than their counterparts in Australia. In contrast, social relationships of sad/depressed and isolated respondents in Korea appeared to be more seriously impaired than their Australian counterparts. These cross‐cultural differences are discussed in terms of socio‐cultural values and environments unique to the two countries.
A new experimental method assessing attitudes toward adolescent dating and sibling violence using observations of violent interactions
Authors: Reese‐Weber Marla 
Published: February 2008

ABSTRACTThe present study provides experimental data comparing emerging adults’ attitudes toward dating and sibling violence in adolescence using a new methodology in which participants observe a violent interaction between adolescents. The reported amount of violence experienced in dating and sibling relationships among emerging adults is also compared. The participants included 148 emerging adults (111 females, 37 males) who were in the dating violence condition and 134 emerging adults (93 females, 41 males) in the sibling violence condition. The results provide initial psychometric data on a new measure to assess attitudes toward interpersonal violence in adolescence—the Attitudes toward Interpersonal Violence Assessment (AIVA). Using this new observational measure in an experimental design, empirical evidence was found that (1) male initiated violence was less acceptable than female initiated violence, (2) females were less accepting of violence than males, (3) individuals were more complacent toward sibling violence than dating violence in adolescence, (4) males reported perpetrating more injuries than females, and (5) sibling violence was reported at higher frequencies than dating violence. Implications of the findings are discussed.
Mechanisms of pain referral in patients with whiplash associated disorder
Authors: Kosek Eva , Januszewska Anna 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThe aim was to investigate the mechanisms of pain referral in patients with whiplash associated disorder. Pain was induced in 12 controls and 12 patients with whiplash associated disorder by intramuscular electrical stimulation in the infraspinatus muscle and the ipsilateral upper arm, i.e., the area where all subjects perceived referred pain during conditioning stimulation in the infraspinatus muscle. Conditioning stimulation amounted to a pain intensity rated as 2/10 and 4/10. During conditioning stimulation in the infraspinatus muscle, sensitivity to test stimuli was assessed in the referred pain area (i.e., upper arm) and vice versa. Test stimuli consisted of intramuscular electrical stimulation corresponding to innocuous perception threshold, electrical pain threshold, and pain intensities rated as 2/10, 4/10 and 6/10, respectively. Compared to controls, patients with whiplash associated disorder had increased pain sensitivity (p≤0.01) and indicated larger areas of referred pain ((p≤0.003) during stimulation at the infraspinatus muscle; p≤0.03 during stimulation at the upper arm), including proximal referral of pain which was never reported by controls (p≤0.05). During conditioning stimulation in the infraspinatus muscle (4/10) all subjects reported referred pain in the upper arm (corresponding to the test site) and innocuous perception thresholds (p<0.05)(patients) and electrical pain thresholds (p<0.001) (controls) decreased. Conditioning stimulation in the upper arm did not affect sensitivity to test stimuli in the infraspinatus muscle. In conclusion, patients with whiplash associated disorder had increased sensitivity to painful stimulation, reported larger areas of referred pain during the same subjectively painful conditioning stimulation (i.e., lower absolute stimulus intensities), including proximal pain referral which was never seen in controls, indicating aberrant processing of nociceptive input. The perceptual integration of nociceptive stimuli during simultaneous stimulation did not differ between groups suggesting that divergence of nociceptive input from the focal pain area leading to excitation of neurones with projected fields in the referred pain area most likely explains referred pain in both groups alike.
Pain, disability and coping reflected in the diurnal cortisol variability in patients scheduled for lumbar disc surgery
Authors: Johansson Ann‐Christin , Gunnarsson Lars‐Gunnar , Linton Steven J. , Bergkvist Leif , Stridsberg Mats , Nilsson Olle , Cornefjord Michael 
Published: February 2008

AbstractBackground: Symptoms of lumbar disc herniation can be induced by both mechanical compression of the nerve roots and by biochemical irritants from the disc tissues. Proinflammatory cytokines, as well as stress are potent stimulators of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis, reflected in enhanced release of cortisol from the adrenal cortex. Altered cortisol production is also associated to behaviour and coping patterns.The aim of the present study was to explore the relation between pain, physical function, psychosocial factors and quality of life to the diurnal cortisol variability, in patients with lumbar disc herniation.Method: This study had a cross‐sectional design. Forty‐two patients with lumbar disc herniation, verified by magnetic resonance imaging and a clinical examination by an orthopaedic surgeon, were included in the study. All patients were scheduled for disc surgery. The diurnal cortisol variability was examined before surgery. The patients were dichotomised into two groups based on low or high diurnal cortisol variability. Pain, disability, work related stress, quality of life, coping and fear avoidance beliefs, were estimated by standardised questionnaires.Results: The low diurnal cortisol variability group was distinguished by a higher median score regarding leg pain at activity and significantly more disability (p<0.05). The patients with a low diurnal cortisol variability had significantly lower coping self‐statement scores, but higher pain coping catastrophising scores (p<0.05).Conclusion: Patients with lumbar disc herniation and a low diurnal cortisol variability had lower physical function, perceived lower possibilities of influencing their pain, and were more prone to catastrophise than patients with lumbar disc herniation and a high diurnal cortisol variability.
Effects of simultaneous dual‐site TENS stimulation on experimental pain
Authors: Claydon Leica S. , Chesterton Linda S. , Barlas Panos , Sim Julius 
Published: February 2008

AbstractTranscutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is commonly used for pain relief. However, little robust research exists regarding the combination of parameters required to provide effective doses. This study investigated the hypoalgesic effects of different parameter combinations, applied simultaneously at two sites (segmental and extrasegmental), on pressure pain threshold (PPT) in pain‐free humans. Two‐hundred and eight volunteers (median age 22 years, range 20–26) were randomized to eight groups: six active TENS groups, placebo and control. Parameter combinations were such that frequency always differed at each site (110Hz or 4Hz), but intensity could be either the same or different levels: high (to tolerance without pain) or low (strong but comfortable). TENS was administered to the forearm over the radial nerve and the ipsilateral leg below the fibular head for 30min with monitoring for 30 further minutes. PPT measurements were taken bilaterally from the mid‐point of first dorsal interosseous muscle, by an independent blinded rater, at baseline and at six subsequent 10‐min intervals. Log‐transformed data were analysed using repeated‐measures analysis of covariance (baseline values and gender as covariates). Those groups using high‐intensity stimulation at the segmental stimulation sites showed significantly greater hypoalgesia than placebo (p<0.025 in each case). The largest hypoalgesic effect was for simultaneous high‐intensity stimulation at segmental and extrasegmental sites, using different frequencies. These results reaffirm that high‐intensity stimulation (regardless of frequency) is of fundamental importance in effective dosage.
Comparison of psychological and physical function in neuropathic pain and nociceptive pain: Implications for cognitive behavioral pain management programs
Authors: Daniel H. Clare , Narewska Jane , Serpell Michael , Hoggart Barbara , Johnson Robert , Rice Andrew S.C. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractResearch has increased our understanding of the psychological and physical functioning associated with persistent pain and has facilitated the development of cognitive behavioral pain management programs to help improve people's physical function and decrease their distress in the presence of persistent pain. The majority of this research has focused on nociceptive pain or pain of mixed etiology. There has been less focus on these aspects of neuropathic pain. It is possible that differences exist in the function and difficulties associated with nociceptive and neuropathic pain. These differences may be associated with our clinical observation that some people with neuropathic pain have difficulty applying some aspects of the theory and practice of cognitive behavioral pain management. The purpose of this study was to compare a single neuropathic pain condition (post‐herpetic neuralgia) with a persistent pain of nociceptive origin (low back pain) and determine whether differences exist in: (1) physical and psychological function; (2) factors that increase difficulties; (3) responses to pain; (4) beliefs about pain and (5) problems experienced. The results suggest that the differences between the two groups were not on the major variables of pain, mood, cognition and physical function. The main differences were in factors that increase pain, people's responses to pain, their beliefs about diagnosis and the cause of pain and the problems they reported as a result of experiencing pain. The implications of our findings for the development of cognitive behavioral pain management programs for people with neuropathic pain are discussed.
The pattern of Fos expression in the spinal dorsal horn following acute noxious mechanical stimulation of bone
Authors: Ivanusic Jason J. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractLittle is known of the spinal mechanisms that mediate bone nociception. The aim of this study was to determine the pattern of neuronal activation in the spinal dorsal horn following acute noxious mechanical stimulation of bone. This was achieved by examining Fos expression in the spinal dorsal horn following acute, noxious mechanical stimulation of the rat tibia. Noxious mechanical stimuli were applied by bone drilling and raising tibial intra‐osseous pressure. Control experiments consisted of surgery to expose the tibia. There was a significant increase in the number of Fos‐like immunoreactive (Fos‐LI) nuclei in the superficial, ipsilateral dorsal horn of animals in the bone drilling and pressure groups relative to animals of the control group at spinal cord segments L3 and L4 (P<0.05). The number of Fos‐LI nuclei in the deep dorsal horn was always lower than the number in the superficial dorsal horn (significant at L3 but not L4; P<0.05). Whilst there appeared to be a small increase in the number of Fos‐LI nuclei in the ipsilateral deep dorsal horn of bone drilling and pressure groups relative to the ipsilateral deep dorsal horn control group at both L3 and L4 segments, no significant effect was observed (P>0.05). The present study implicates the superficial dorsal horn of the spinal cord as a region of interest in studies of acute bone pain, and highlights the notion that spinal mechanisms that mediate bone nociception may be different to those that mediate nociception of cutaneous and visceral origin.
THE BICANONICAL MAP OF SURFACES WITH pg = 0 AND K2 [ges ] 7
Authors: LOPES MARGARIDA MENDES , PARDINI RITA 
Published: February 2008

A minimal surface of general type with pg(S) = 0 satisfies 1 [les ] K2 [les ] 9, and it is known that the image
of the bicanonical map φ is a surface for K2S [ges ] 2, whilst for K2S [ges ] 5, the bicanonical map is always a
morphism. In this paper it is shown that φ is birational if K2S = 9, and that the degree of φ is at most 2 if K2S = 7 or K2S = 8.By presenting two examples of surfaces S with K2S = 7 and 8 and bicanonical map of degree 2, it is
also shown that this result is sharp. The example with K2S = 8 is, to our knowledge, a new example of a
surface of general type with pg = 0.The degree of φ is also calculated for two other known surfaces of general type with pg = 0 and
K2S = 8. In both cases, the bicanonical map turns out to be birational.
SMOOTH LIPSCHITZ RETRACTIONS OF STARLIKE BODIES ONTO THEIR BOUNDARIES IN INFINITE-DIMENSIONAL BANACH SPACES
Authors: AZAGRA DANIEL , CEPEDELLO BOISO MANUEL 
Published: February 2008

Let X be an infinite-dimensional Banach space, and let A be a Cp Lipschitz bounded starlike body (for instance the unit ball of a smooth norm). We prove that:(1) the boundary ∂A is Cp Lipschitz contractible;(2) there is a Cp Lipschitz retraction from A onto ∂A;(3) there is a Cp Lipschitz map T : A → A with no approximate fixed points.
THE COMPLEX PLANK PROBLEM
Authors: BALL KEITH M. 
Published: February 2008

It is shown that if (vj)n1 is a sequence of norm 1 vectors in a complex Hilbert space and (tj)n1 is a
sequence of non-negative numbers satisfying[formula here]then there is a unit vector z for which[formula here]for every j. The result is a strong, complex analogue of the author's real plank theorem.