bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Technology sourcing acquisitions
Authors: Ruckman Karen 
Published: February 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to determine what the effects of acquisition are on R&D patterns.Design/methodology/approachThis paper tests whether the actual post‐acquisition R&D intensity of the combined firm deviated from the predicted R&D intensity, where the predicted amount is an asset‐weighted average of pre‐acquisition values.FindingsThe results indicate that the combination of technology sourcing and technological relatedness have strong predictive powers for determining changes in post‐acquisition R&D intensity. Technology sourcing acquisition of unrelated technologies results in an increase in post‐acquisition R&D intensity, as predicted. Acquirers in this situation may be using their acquisition as a platform for research expansion.Research limitations/implicationsThe dataset used in this paper was restricted to public acquirers and targets for completeness of financial information. It would be useful to determine the extent to which a technology sourcing acquirer is predicted to enter into an acquisition and also whether technology sourcing can be used as a predictor for the ultimate target company out of a pool of potential targets.Practical implicationsThe results can be used to inform managers on a strategic level when research strategy deviates from what the theory would predict. For example, if a company that did a technology sourcing acquisition of an unrelated product subsequently decreased R&D intensity, then rival pharmaceutical firms can ascertain that the acquired research was ultimately determined to be too risky or unviable.Originality/valueThe value in this paper is the unique measurement for technology sourcing.
Towards an integrated perspective of strategy
Authors: Enders Albrecht , König Andreas , Hungenberg Harald , Engelbertz Thomas 
Published: February 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide a conceptual tool that would help managers to integrate the findings from strategy frameworks such as the value chain, the five forces or the VRIO framework by jointly analyzing the different levers of competitive advantage.Design/methodology/approachBuilding on the extant literature the paper develops a strategy framework that integrates the internal and external dimensions of strategy formulation. To illustrate a practical application of the value‐process framework, the paper presents a case study of a project at the German music corporation Sony BMG.FindingsThe value‐process framework serves managers as a conceptually unifying analysis tool that contributes to their understanding of the main levers that help to create a sustainable competitive advantage. The framework can be used to visually integrate isolated strategy frameworks by jointly analyzing the different levers of competitive advantage, and to develop consistent and integrated strategies that simultaneously take into account the internal and external perspectives of strategic decision making.Originality/valueWhile the existing strategy literature is good at providing specific concepts and tools of strategy analysis, it rarely connects the different dimensions and points out their interdependencies. As a result, strategic analyses are often fragmented and isolated from their broader context. The value‐process framework aims to provide an overarching perspective that helps to integrate the different dimensions of strategy formulation.
An uncommon scholar
Authors: Nason Robert W. 
Published: February 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the elements of the life of Professor Stanley C. Hollander (1919‐2004), a marketing scholar extraordinaire.Design/methodology/approachIn total, 28 marketing scholars who had been students, colleagues, and friends of Professor Hollander were asked to contribute to the author's personal knowledge of him. Selma Hollander (his wife) was interviewed. Stan Hollander's own written work was reviewed for insight into his characteristics.FindingsA brief chronology of his life is provided as a framework within which his personal characteristics and relationships can be examined. The major contributors to his success as a person and scholar are first, the relationship with his wife, Selma; second, the characteristics of his intellect; and third, his fascination with the arts. The result was not only an uncommon scholar considered a giant in the field of marketing but also one who enabled many others through the sharing of his mind and his humor.Originality/valueThis work explores the man behind the body of scholarship and disciplinary development that is his legacy. He was an uncommon scholar.
A litotes of what you fancy: some thoughts on Stanley Hollander's writing style
Authors: Brown Stephen 
Published: February 2009

PurposeThe purpose of the paper is to investigate the writing style of Stanley C. Hollander, in order to better understand the power of his prose.Design/methodology/approachA line‐by‐line literary analysis of Hollander's publications, with a view to detecting his stylistic “signature” or “fingerprint”.FindingsFour key elements are integral to Hollander's writing style – interrogatives, inventories, iconoclasm and irony. His single most characteristic literary device is litotes, a mode of ironic understatement.Research limitations/implicationsLiterary analysis is inherently idiosyncratic and tends to reflect the perspective of the interpreter. Another analyst is sure to find different features in Hollander's corpus (though this is less a methodological shortcoming than a testament to the richness of Hollander's writings).Originality/valueAll academics are writers and, by better understanding the technique of a much admired stylist, everyone's publications can be improved.
General Book Store in Chicago, 1938‐1947: linking neighborhood to nation
Authors: Witkowski Terrence H. 
Published: February 2009

PurposeThrough an account of the layout, operations, and four main product lines of a small Chicago bookstore between 1938 and 1947, the purpose of this paper is to show how a neighborhood retail establishment reacted to the sweeping events of the Great Depression and World War II.Design/methodology/approachThe research is based upon multiple primary data sources including store financial records, family photographs, representative artifacts and ephemera, oral history interviews, and period retailing literature.FindingsLocated in an area of Chicago heavily populated by Polish and Jewish immigrants and their children, General Book Store was a traditional mom and pop operation. The mix of its product lines – books and magazines, model kits, greeting cards, and camera supplies and photo‐finishing – evolved over time while always connecting customers to the national experience. The store afforded its owners a modest, but upwardly mobile middle‐class life style.Originality/valueAlthough much has been written on large‐scale retailing, marketing historians have conducted very little research on small‐scale retailing in the USA. This study documents the intermingling of a business and a household economy and how the management of merchandise assortments and maintenance of customer relationships depended upon both owner interests and the opportunities and constraints presented by environmental forces.
Reflections on Stan Hollander: the early MSU years and CHARM
Authors: Lazer William 
Published: February 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide insights into Stanley Hollander's early academic career at Michigan State University (MSU) and his role in founding the Conference on Historical Analysis and Research in Marketing (CHARM).Design/methodology/approachThe paper includes personal reflections and historical narrative.FindingsHollander was a unique and valued member of the faculty at MSU and was instrumental in directing and shaping the CHARM and related activities.Originality/valueThis brief note complements other biographical material about Hollander by providing unique insights into his early academic career.
Lost and found
Authors: Bourassa Maureen A. , Murphy William H. 
Published: February 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide an historical review of Stanley C. Hollander's Sales Devices throughout the Ages, from 2500 BC to 1953 AD.Design/methodology/approachUsing the historical review method, the paper examines a monograph with historical importance, summarizing the contents and analyzing it in the context of the author's life. With reference to outside sources, the paper seeks to improve understanding of the monograph within its historical context.FindingsSales Devices throughout the Ages provides a fascinating journey through 4,000 years of selling history. Analysis of the monograph and of its historical context reveals transformations in the legitimacy of selling, both within marketing and within society as a whole.Originality/valueThis monograph is one of Hollander's earliest works, and as a result, few library copies remain. We are not aware of any other reviews of this monograph, and are therefore pleased it is being brought to the fore in this special issue celebrating Hollander's life and work.
Contribution of functional variation in the IL13 gene to allergy, hay fever and asthma in the NSHD longitudinal 1946 birth cohort
Authors: Black S. , Teixeira A. S. , Loh A. X. W. , Vinall L. , Holloway J. W. , Hardy R. , Swallow D. M. 
Published: February 2009

Background:  Genetic variants of the two adjacent genes, IL13 and IL4 have frequently been reported as being associated with susceptibility to atopy and asthma, both in adults and children, and some studies also suggest association with lung function and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Methods:  In this study, we examined for the first time the effect of these variants in 2918 adults in a longitudinal birth cohort, the British National Survey of Health and Development, where there are extensive life style, developmental and environmental data. We examine two IL13 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) IL13 rs20541 (R110Q) and rs1800925 (−1024C>T) and one IL4 SNP, rs2070874 (−33C>T) with likely function.Results:  We show that IL13 rs20541 and rs1800925 are each significantly associated with self‐reported asthma and allergy, and that this association is not confounded by any of the known developmental and environmental risk factors for asthma and atopy, including in particular place of birth. IL13 rs20541 does however act as a confounder for the IL13 rs1800925 associations, meaning that there is no statistical support for rs1800925 having an independent effect. There is nevertheless evidence for interaction between smoking and rs1800925, with allergy as outcome. None of the SNPs showed association with measures of lung function, nor any interaction with the effect of smoking on lung function.Conclusion:  In a longitudinal population cohort we have established a role for polymorphism of IL13 in determining susceptibility to both atopy and asthma.
Kpa (Penney), a New Antigen in the Kell Blood Group System
Authors: ALLEN Fred H. , LEWIS Sheila J. 
Published: March 2009

SummaryThe Kell blood group system has now been complicated by the finding of a new antigen, Penney (Kpa), and possibly two others (Kpb and Kpc). Kpa is found in about 2 per cent of Bostonians. It is of minor importance clinically because of its infrequency, but has considerable importance in blood typing tests for exclusion of paternity.RésuméUn nouvel antigène appartenant au système Kell et désigné Penney (Kpa) a été découvert, et l'existence de deux autres antigènes (Kpb et Kpc) semble possible. Kpa se trouve chez environ 2% des habitants de Boston. Le nouvel antigène est, au point de vue clinique, d'intérêt médiocre à cause de sa rareté, mais il est important dans les tests sérologiques pour l'exclusion de la paternitéZusammenfassungEin neues, dem Kell‐System zugehöriges Blutgruppenantigen Penney (Kpa) wird beschrieben. Nebst K, k und Kpa enthält das Kell‐System wahrscheinlich noch zwei weitere Antigene, die vorlaufig als Kpb und Kpc bezeichnet wurden. Die Häufigkeit von Kpa beträgt in Boston 2 %. Angesichts der relativen Seltenheit dieses Antigens ist seine klinische Bedeutung gering. Bei Vaterschaftsuntersuchungen hingegen ist dieses Antigen unter Umständen von erheblicher Bedeutung.
A Case of Auto‐Immune Haemolytic Anaemia with a Very Remarkable Course
Authors: KISSMEYER‐NIELSEN F. 
Published: March 2009

SummaryA very exceptional case of acute auto‐immune haemolytic anaemia is presented. The diagnosis was made accidentally and made it possible to perform investigations from the very beginning of the specific (anti‐D) auto‐immunization until every sign of this abnormality disappeared dramatically from one day to the next simultaneously with cortisone‐prednisone treatment.RésuméPrésentation d'un cas très exceptionnel d'anémie hémolytique aiguë par auto‐immunisation. Par un hasard remarquable, l'autoimmunisation, de spécificité anti‐D, fut découverte avant l'apparition de symptômes; le syndrome hémolytique qui s'ensuivit put être coupé d'un jour à l'autre par l'administration de cortisone et de prednisone.ZusammenfassungEin außergewöhnlicher Fall von autoantikörperbedinger erworbener hämolytischer Anämie wird beschrieben. Durch Zufall konnte die Anti‐D‐spezifische Autoimmunisierung kurz vor dem Krankheitsbeginn erfaßt werden. Es entwickelte sich ein schweres hämolytisches Zustandsbild, welches unter Cortison‐Prednison‐Behandlung im Verlaufe eines Tages überwunden wurde.
Haemolytic Transfusion Reaction Caused by Anti‐Lea
Authors: MERRILD‐HANSEN B. , MUNK‐ANDERSEN G. 
Published: March 2009

SummaryThe writers describe a case of haemolytic transfusion reaction with kidney lesion, caused most probably by an anti‐Lea antibody. The antibody had not developed as a result of immunization.The antibody was active at 37° C., and could only be demonstrated with certainty by the indirect Coombs test.Lea substance could not be demonstrated with certainty in the serum of the Le(a+) donor used, and his saliva contained less Lea substance than is usual in Le(a+) persons.RésuméLes auteurs décrivent une réaction transfusionelle hémolytique avec lésion du rein, dunt la cause était en toute probabilité un anticorps anti‐Lea. Cet anticorps n'était pas le résultat d'une immunisation antérieure à la transfusion.L'anticorps était actif à 37° et la seule technique capable de le mettre en évidence était le test de Coombs indirect.Aucune substance Lea ne pouvait être démontree dans le plasma du donneur de sang Le(a+), et sa salive contenait moins de cette substance qu'on n'en trouve habituellement chez les personnes Le(a+).ZusammenfassungDie Autoren beschreiben eine hiimolytische Transfusionsreaktion mit Nierenschädigung, welche sehr wahrscheinlich auf einer Lea‐Inkompatibilität beruhte. Bei dem im Empfängerserum enthaltenen Anti‐Lea‐Antikörper handelte es sich, da eine schwangerschafts‐ oder transfusionsbedingte Isoimmunisierung ausgeschlossen werden konnte, um einen irregulären natürlichen Antikörper. Dieser konnte nur im indirekten Coombstest mit Sicherheit nachgewiesen werden. Beim Spender, dessen Blut die Transfusionsreaktion ausgelöst hatte, konnte im Serum keine Lea‐Substanz nachgewiesen werden. Sein Speichel enthielt weniger Lea‐Substanz als derjenige von Lea‐Kontroll‐personen.
Antibody‐Like Effects of Colloidal Silica
Authors: RENTON P. H. , HANCOCK Jeanne A. 
Published: March 2009

SummarySolutions of colloidal silica react with human erythrocytes and, depending on their method of preparation, show the phenomena of agglutination, zoning, blocking, enhanced agglutination with papaintreated cells, and an effect similar to the Coombs test. Cells coated with “incomplete colloid” appear to be capable of taking up an additional coat of serum protein.These effects are similar to those found with blood group antibodies, and some of the effects have also been found with extracts of certain seeds.The varied properties of different preparations of colloidal silica may cause difficulty when this material is accidentally present in serological reagents.RésuméLes solutions colloïldales de silicates réagissent avec les hématies humaines; selon la méthode de préparation on obtient les phénomènes suivants: agglutination, phénomène de zone, bloquage, agglutination intensifiée d'hématies traitées à la papaïne, enfin un effet semblable à la sensibilisation dans le test de Coombs: il semble que les hématies qui ont déjà fixé du «collolde incomplet» peuvent en outre fixer des protéines sériques.Ces effets sont semblables à ceux que produisent les anticorps, et quelques uns d'entre eux sont également produits par certains extraits de graines.II ressort de ces diverses propriétés des préparations collordales de silicate que lorsqu'il y a une contamination accidentelle des tests sérologiques par ces substances, cela peut causer des difficultés considérables.ZusammenfassungMenschliche Erythrozyten werden durch kolloidale Kieselsäurelösungen in verschiedener Weise beeinflußt. Je nach Art der Herstellung dieser Lösungen beobachtet man Agglutinationen, Zonen‐ und Hemmungsphänomene, antiglobulinähnliche Effekte sowie eine verstärkte Agglutinabilität von papainbehandelten Zellen. Kieselsäurekolloid beladene Erythrozyten vermögen zusätzlich Serumproteine zu binden.Die Wirkung der Kieselsäurekolloide gleicht derjenigen von blut‐gruppenspezifischen Antikörpern und Pflanzenagglutininen.Verunreinigung von serologischen Reagenzien mit Kieselsäurekolloiden führt unter Umständen zu Fehlergebnissen.
A Papain Slide Test for Rh Mass Typing
Authors: HEKKER A. C. , KLOMP‐MAGNEE Willy , KRIJNEN H. W. , van LOGHEM J. J. 
Published: March 2009

SummaryA simple papain slide test for routine Rh typing is described. Using this technique 125,000 blood samples were tested. No difficulties were encountered in the performance of the tests. A number of 19,000 Rh‐negative blood samples and 10,000 Rh‐positive specimens were checked by using the saline‐albumin method. No discrepancies were found.RésuméDescription d'une technique simple, sur lame et avec addition de papaine, pour le groupage Rhesus. Les auteurs ont examiné par cette technique, sans rencontrer de difficultés, 125 000 échantillons de sang. 19 000 échantillons Rh négatifs et 10 000 échantillons Rh positifs groupés par la méthode à la papaine furent contrôles par une méthode en milieu salin‐albumine, sans qu'il se trouvât une seule contradiction entre les deux méthodes.ZusammenfassungEine einfache Papainobjektträgermethode zur Rhesusfaktorbestimmung wird beschrieben, welche sich bei 125 000 Rhesus‐Bestimmungen bestens bewährte. Bei 19 000 rhesusnegativen und 10 000 rhesuspositiven Blutproben wurden Parallelbestimmungen mit der Kochsalzalbuminmethode durchgeführt, wobei sich die Ergebnisse der beiden Techniken in allen Fällen deckten.
The Blood Group Antibody Anti‐s A Third Example*
Authors: FUDENBERG Hugh , ALLEN Fred H. 
Published: March 2009

RésuméA la suite de trois transfusions chez une femme de 52 ans, un anti‐corps anti‐s fut observé qui ne pouvait être mis en évidence que dans le test anti‐globuline indirect. Il fut démontré que des globules ss, marqués au Cr51, avaient, dans la circulation de la malade, un temps de survie très réduit.ZusammenfassungIm Anschluß an drei Transfusionen wurde bei einer 52jährigen Frau ein Anti‐s‐Antikörper beobachtet, welcher nur im indirekten Coombstest erfaßt werden konnte. Cr51 markierte homozygot s‐positive Erythrozyten zeigten im Kreislauf dieser Patientin eine stark verkürzte Überlebensdauer.
The Blood Groups of the Western Walsers
Authors: IKIN Elisabeth W. , MOURANT A. E. , KOPEC Ada C. , MOOR‐JANKOWSKI Jan K. , HUSER H. J. 
Published: March 2009

SummaryFollowing previous tests on large numbers of western Walsers for the ABO and Rh (D) antigens, tests for the antigens A1, A2, B, M, N, S, Henshaw, P, C, CW, c, D, Du, E, e, Lua, K, Lea and Fya were carried out on limited numbers of such persons from Safien, Tenna, Versam and Vals (Grisons). Comparative tests were done on the neighbouring Romansh‐speaking population. In the western Walsers the 0 gene was found to have a high frequency. The d (Rh‐negative) gene is common at Safien, Tenna and Versam but rather rare at Vals.RésuméS'ajoutant aux examens séro‐anthropologiques ultérieurs d'un grand nombre de Walser occidentaux de Suisse, les examens pour les anti‐gènes A1, A2, B, M, N, s, Henshaw, P, c, Cw, c, D, Du, E, e, Lua, K, Lea et Fya ont été effectués chez un nombre restreint de cette même population des villages Safien, Tenna, Versam et Vals dans les Grisons. Les Romanches avoisinants ont été soumis aux examens sérologiques dans le but de comparaison. Une haute fréquence du gène O a été constaté chez les Walser occidentaux. Le gène d (Rh‐négatif) est répandu à Safien, Tenna et Versam et relativement rare à Vals.ZusammenfassungIm Anschluß an frühere großangelegte sero‐anthropologische Untersuchungen der westlichen Walser in der Schweiz wurde eine beschränkte Zahl aus der Bevölkerung von Safien, Tenna, Versam und Vals (Graubünden) auf A1, A2, B, M, N, S, Henshaw, P, C, Cw, c, D, Du, E, e, Lua, K, Lea und Fya untersucht. Vergleichende Untersuchungen wurden bei den benachbarten Romanen vorgenommen. Bei den westlichen Walsern fand man eine erhohte Häufigkeit des Gens O. Das Gen d (Rh‐negativ) ist in Safien, Tenna und Versam verbreitet, kommt hingegen in Vals ziemlich selten vor.
Haemolytic Disease of the Newborn Caused by Anti‐Kpa
Authors: Jensen K. Gert 
Published: March 2009

SummaryAn account has been given of a case of erythroblastosis foetalis caused by anti‐Kpa in the newborn of a tripara. The mother had never been transfused. The father and all the three children were Kp(a +).RésuméL'auteur rapporte un cas d'éythroblastose foetale provoquée par un anti‐Kpa chez un nouveau‐né d'une tripare. La mère n'a jamais été transfusée. Le père et les trois enfants sont Kpa.Zusammenfassung:Ein Fall einer foetalen Erythroblastose beim Neugeborenen einer Drittgebärenden bedingt durch Anti‐Kpa wird beschrieben. Die Mutter hatte nie Transfusionen erhalten. Der Vater und alle drei Kinder waren Kp(a+).
Solubilized Glycoprotein from Human Erythrocyte Membranes Possessing Blood Group A, B and H Activity1
Authors: Whittemore N. B. , Trabold N. C. , Reed C. F. , Weed R. I. 
Published: March 2009

Summary. Human erythrocyte ghosts where prepared by osmotic lysis and washed thoroughly with deionized distilled water. The resultant stroma were extracted twice with n‐butanol producing 81.8 % ± 2.7 solubilization of the membrane protein. The initial extract contained 5 % of the lipid present in intact ghosts. The second extract contained no detectable lipids. The solubilized glycoprotein possessed A, B and H blood group activity comparable to that of the intact ghosts at the same protein concentration. Fractionation studies suggested that the maximum serological activity was associated with a high molecular weight structure.In contrast to most previous work demonstrating A, B and H blood group activities to be exhibited by erythrocyte glycolipids this study reports these blood group specificities to be present in human erythrocyte membrane glycoprotein.
Clostridial‐Induced Type I Polyagglutinability with Associated Intravascular Hemolysis
Authors: Gray J. M. , Beck M. L. , Oberman H. A. 
Published: March 2009

SummaryA woman with a clostridial septicemia manifested in vivo type I polyagglutinability of her erythrocytes, presumably due to activation of the latent T‐receptor. A filtrate of the Clostridium culture was capable of causing T‐activation of erythrocytes in vitro and bacterial products probably caused the T‐activation in vivo. Moreover, there was evidence that anti‐T in donor plasma caused lysis of T‐active red cells.