bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utility of colposcopy for the screening and management of cervical cancer in Africa: a cross-sectional analysis of providers’ training and practices
Authors: Domgue Joel Fokom , Issimouha Dille , Gnangnon Freddy , Kapambwe Sharon , Bouchard Celine , Mbatani Nomonde , Gauroy Elodie , Ambounda Nathalie Ledaga , Yu Robert , Sidibe Fatoumata , Kamgno Joseph , Traore Bangaly , Tebeu Pierre-Marie , Halle-Ekane Gregory , Diomande Mohenou Isidore , Dangou Jean-Marie , Lecuru Fabrice , Adewole Isaac , Plante Marie , Basu Partha , Shete Sanjay 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Introduction: Cervical cancer is a public health issue in Africa with devastating socioeconomic consequences due to the lack of organized screening programs. The success of screening programs depends on the appropriate investigation and management of women who test positive for screening. Colposcopic assessment following positive screening results is a noteworthy issue in Africa. This study aimed to assess the utilization of colposcopy by providers in the region.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2021-2022 among healthcare providers involved in cervical cancer prevention activities in Africa. They were invited to report prior colposcopy training, whether they performed colposcopy and the indications of colposcopy in their practice.
Results: Of the 130 providers from 23 African countries who responded to the survey (mean age [SD]: 39.0 years [9.4]), half were female (65 [50.0%]), and 90.7% were working in urban areas. Overall, only 12.6% of respondents indicated having received prior training on colposcopy, and 11.7% reported that they were performing colposcopy in their current practice. Among the providers who reported performing colposcopy in their practice, colposcopy was indicated for routine visual screening in 21.2% of clinicians, to visualize the transformation zone in 15.2% of respondents, to assess vascularization of cervical mucosa in 33.3% of respondents, and to determine treatment modality in 12.1% of respondents.
Conclusion: Providers’ training and utilization of colposcopy for cervical cancer screening remain suboptimal in Africa. To increase utilization of colposcopy in the region, further training is needed to improve providers' knowledge and engagement. With the development of lower-cost and portable colposcopes, efforts to equip cervical cancer prevention programs and facilities with colposcopy should be enhanced to ensure that women can be screened and managed appropriately in the clinical setting and communities.
Feedback-induced dispositional changes in risk preferences
Authors: Palminteri Stefano , Nasioulas Anronios , Lebreton Maël 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Contrary to the normative decision-making standpoint, empirical studies have repeatedly reported that risk preferences are affected by the disclosure of choice outcomes (feedback). Although no consensus has yet emerged regarding the properties and mechanisms of this effect, a widespread and intuitive hypothesis is that repeated feedback affects risk preferences by means of learning, which alters the representation of subjective probabilities. Here, we ran a series of seven experiments, tailored to decipher the effects of feedback on risk preferences. Our results indicate that the presence of feedback consistently increases risk-taking, even when the risky option is less advantageous. Crucially, risk-taking increases immediately after the instructions, before participants experience any feedback and trial-by-trial analysis directly falsified learning accounts. These results challenge the learning account in favor of a dispositional effect, induced by the anticipation of feedback information. Epistemic curiosity and regret avoidance may drive this effect in partial and complete feedback conditions.
A literature Review of the Effectiveness of Green Environment on Mental Health and Medical Illness
Authors: Battat Maher , Sarhan Adnan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The Green environment is increasingly recognized as a natural healing intervention that promotes mental health and well-being. This paper provides an overview of the literature on the effects of the Green environment on mental health and medical illness. A comprehensive literature review was conducted using electronic databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, Research Gate, and Science Direct. Twenty-seven articles were reviewed, focusing on the impact of the Green environment on mental health, mental illness, and its association with medical conditions in the context of mental health. The findings suggest that exposure to the Green environment improves adaptation, cognitive performance, mood, well-being, and self-esteem in adults. Children also benefit from improved cognitive abilities and social interactions. The Green environment has been associated with reduced stress, anxiety, depression, mood disorders, suicide, mental fatigue, and dementia. It has also shown to facilitate mental rehabilitation for mentally ill patients, promoting inclusivity with community participation. Furthermore, the Green environment has been linked to lower risks of depression and improvements in healing and individual function in cancer patients, cardiovascular diseases, and during the COVID-19 pandemic. In conclusion, exposure to the Green environment has positive effects on mental health, emotional stability, cognitive development, and social relationships. It serves as a valuable tool in treating mental and medical illnesses, providing stress management techniques, and enhancing overall quality of life and well-being.
Binary modified Cat and Mouse based Optimizer for medical feature selection: A COVID-19 case study
Authors: Parizi Morteza Karimzadeh 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Recent technological advances in medical diagnosis have led to the generation of high-dimensional datasets. The presence of redundant and irrelevant features in these datasets can have adverse effects on the performance of machine learning (ML) methods and reduce the accuracy of their results. Therefore, feature selection (FS), i.e., a popular preprocessing method in ML, is used to select the optimal subsets of features to improve the accuracy of ML methods. This performance enhancement is more crucial while addressing high-dimensional medical issues. Since FS is a multiobjective binary optimization problem, it is necessary to develop efficient FS algorithms. Although metaheuristic algorithms (MAs) have been widely used for FS in medicine, they face different challenges in most applications, e.g., a lack of sufficient effectiveness and scalability to select the most effective features in small and large medical datasets. The cat and mouse-based optimizer (CMBO) is a novel MA based on the natural competitive behavior of cats and mice. Despite its acceptable performance in a variety of problems, the CMBO faces various challenges such as limited exploitation abilities, an unbalanced search mechanism, and high fluctuation in solutions to complex problems, e.g., FS. This paper proposes a modified and binary version of the CMBO called the BMCMBO to enhance the performance in selecting effective features from medical datasets. The BMCMBO involves significant modifications to the method of updating the positions of search agents, the method of selecting mice, the effect of the positional information of the most optimal member of the population, and the addition of the adaptive step size. These modifications are meant to improve the exploitation abilities, boost the accuracy of the solutions, and balance the search process when dealing with the FS problem in medical datasets. The performance of the proposed algorithm on 12 real medical datasets was compared with the performance of the most effective MA and CMBO variants. The statistical results demonstrated that BMCMBO was more effective than other evaluated methods. In addition, the BMCMBO algorithm was employed to select features and diagnose COVID-19 in a real case study. The proposed algorithm identified healthy and infected COVID-19 correctly samples with an accuracy of 98.4\%, demonstrating its superiority.
Implementation of A New Residential Drug Dependence Treatment Model in the Philippines: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Kanamori Shogo , Shirasaka Tomohiro , Iñigo Ma. Teresa , Villaroman Alfonso , Noguera-Caoile Rosalina , Mizusawa Aya , Peralta Jasmin , Harada Takayuki 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
There is an increased demand for quality treatment and rehabilitation services for people who use drugs (PWUDs). In response, the Philippines Government’s Department of Health (DOH) has established a new residential treatment model, Intensive Treatment and Rehabilitation Program for Residential Treatment and Rehabilitation Centers (INTREPRET), and integrated it into the existing treatment service platform of 21 DOH-owned Treatment and Rehabilitation Centers (TRCs). We conducted a qualitative study to identify the changes engendered by the implementation of this treatment model.
Methods
Data were collected through individual face-to-face interviews. We interviewed purposefully selected 29 patients and 35 facilitators of INTREPRET group sessions in seven TRCs. We transcribed the interview records and organized the narrative information into key themes using thematic analysis during the coding process.
Results
The changes perceived by the study participants included the attitude and behavior of patients, attitude and competency of facilitators, relationship between facilitators and patients, treatment planning and review process, efficient and standardized treatment services, and monitoring mechanisms of the patient’s recovery process. Participants also noted challenges in INTREPRET implementation, including family participation in therapy sessions, lack of facilitators, securing a conducive place for conducting sessions, and reproducing workbooks.
Conclusion
The results imply that the introduction of INTREPRET could improve treatment service quality and the effectiveness of treatment, which is primarily caused by patients’ behavioral changes. However, despite the positive changes perceived, certain challenges pertaining to family participation in therapy sessions and the lack of resources must be addressed by the government to ensure the effectiveness and sustainability of INTREPRET.
Fracture risk assessment in men with prostate cancer requiring long-term androgen deprivation therapy: a systematic scoping review using the i-PARIHS implementation framework
Authors: Huang Qizhi , Mitchell Caroline , Theodoulou Elisavet , Lee Andrew , Brown Janet 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is a mainstay of treatment of prostate cancer (PCa) and is associated with increased risk of osteoporosis and fragility fractures. Despite international guidelines to mitigate fracture risk, osteoporosis is under-diagnosed and under-treated due to poor implementation. This scoping review aims to synthesise knowledge surrounding the implementation of guidelines and strategies to inform health service interventions to reduce fracture risk in men with PCa taking ADT.
Method
Four databases and additional literature were searched from January 2000 to January 2023. Studies which provided evidence influencing the implementation of guidelines were included. The i-PARIHS (Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services) framework was used to inform the narrative synthesis.
Results
Of the 1229 studies identified, 9 studies met the inclusion criteria. Overall, an improvement in fracture risk assessment was observed across heterogeneous study designs and outcome measures. Six studies were from Canadian. Two studies involved family physicians or a community healthcare programme. Two studies incorporated patient or specialist surveys. One utilised an implementation framework. Barriers included lack of knowledge for both patients and clinicians, time constraints, unsupportive organisational structures and challenges in transferring patient care from specialists to primary care. Effective strategies included education, novel care pathways using a multidisciplinary approach and incorporating existing services, point-of-care interventions, and bespoke clinics.
Conclusion
Guideline implementation requires contextualisation and innovation to address barriers and enablers.
Implications for Cancer Survivors
Whilst specialist cancer care is expected, primary care clinicians can play an important role in management of complications from long-term cancer treatment induced bone loss. Futurestudies should incorporate both patient and clinician perspectives and co-design interventions in primary care.
Evaluating Security Components in Urban Spaces: A Case Study of Tehran Metropolis District 20
Authors: Ghalehteimouri Kamran Jafarpour , Khaliji Mohammad Ali 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Urban security and the quality of public spaces are critical issues that significantly impact the livability of urban areas. Without proper security measures, even the most well-designed public spaces can fail to fulfill their intended purpose. This research takes a closer look at the security components within urban spaces, with a specific focus on District 20 of Tehran metropolis. Employing an applied research methodology, this descriptive-analytical study comprehensively evaluates security across four fundamental dimensions: economic, physical, activity, and visual quality. To gauge the level of security within these urban spaces, the research utilizes Pearson's test and path analysis. The findings reveal intriguing insights into the security landscape of the 20th district. Visual quality emerges as the most secure component, achieving a rating of 2.52, while the activity dimension records the lowest average, with a score of 1.65. Furthermore, this study identifies a significant correlation between the economic and physical security components, scoring an impressive 0.688. In light of these results, it becomes evident that addressing security concerns in urban areas is essential for enhancing the quality and safety of public spaces. This research serves as a valuable resource for urban planners and policymakers striving to create more secure and vibrant urban environments in similar contexts.
Machine learning to predict outcomes of fetal cardiac disease: a pilot study
Authors: Nield Lynne , Manlhiot Cedric , Magor Keziah , Freud Lindsay , Chinni Bhargava , Ims Andrew , Melamed Nir , Nevo Ori , Weisz Dany , Ronzoni Stefania 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Prediction of outcomes following a prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart disease is challenging. Machine learning (ML) algorithms may be used to reduce clinical uncertainty and improve prognostic accuracy.
METHODS: We performed a pilot study to train ML algorithms to predict postnatal outcomes based on clinical data. Specific objectives were to predict 1) in-utero or neonatal death, 2) high-acuity neonatal care and 3) favourable outcomes. We included all fetuses with cardiac disease at Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada, from 2012 – 2021. Prediction models were created using the XgBoost algorithm (tree-based) with 5-fold cross validation.
RESULTS: Among 211 cases of fetal cardiac disease, 61 were excluded (39 terminations, 21 lost to follow-up, 1 isolated arrhythmia), leaving a cohort of 150 fetuses. Fifteen (10%) demised (10 neonates) and 70 (52%) of live births required high acuity neonatal care. Of those with clinical follow-up, 57/82 (70%) had a favourable outcome. Prediction models for live birth, high acuity neonatal care and favourable outcome had AUCs of 0.75, 0.82 and 0.72, respectively. The most important predictors for death were the presence of non-cardiac or genetic abnormalities and more severe structural heart disease. High acuity of postnatal care was predicted by increased nuchal thickness, lower gestational age (GA) and birthweight and favourable outcome was predicted by normal fetal right ventricular function, no tricuspid valve abnormalities, and normal GA/weight at birth.
CONCLUSION
Prediction models using ML provide good discrimination of key prenatal and postnatal outcomes among fetuses with congenital heart disease.
Determinants of premature membrane rupture among mothers receiving labor care at different public hospitals in Northeast Ethiopia: An unmatched case control study
Authors: Yosef Selamyhun Tadesse , Adissu Elsabeth , Amare Muluken , Ashagire Melaku , Birhane Tesfaye 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background: Premature rupture of membranes is a painless gush of amniotic fluid resulting from the rupture of membranes through the vaginal canal before the onset of uterine contractions and is responsible for increased perinatal mortality and neonatal morbidity. Therefore, identifying the determining factors is essential for minimizing its adverse impact. Despite the existence of this problem in the study area, there is a gap in identifying the factors affecting its occurrence.
Objectives: To assess the determinants of prematuremembrane rupture among mothers who attendedlabor at public hospitals in theNorth Wollo Zone, 2022/23.
Methods: An unmatched case‒controlstudy was conducted from December 1, 2022, to March 30, 2023. Three public hospitals were selected through a lottery method, and by proportional allocation, a total of 353 participants (118 cases and 235 controls) receiving labor were recruited. Cases were selected through convenience sampling, while controls were recruited through systematic random sampling. The datawere collected using a structured questionnaire and card review, entered into EpiData 4.6 and analyzed using STATA version 17. Logistic regression was employed to identify determinants, and a P value < 0.05 in multivariable logistic regression was considered to indicate statistical significance.
Results: Previous caesarian section (AOR: 2.11; 95% CI: 1.05–4.23), history of abortion (AOR: 3.68; 95% CI: 1.70–7.94), history of premature membrane rupture (AOR: 3.89; 95% CI: 1.73–8.71), chronic cough (AOR: 4.23; 95% CI: 1.47–12.18), mid-upper arm circumference <23 cm (AOR: 3.47; 95% CI: 1.53–7.84), suspected sepsis (AOR: 2.99; 95% CI: 1.25–1.99), and presence of urinary tract infection (AOR: 3.14; 95% CI: 1.50–6.60) were determinants of premature membrane rupture.
Conclusions: This study indicated that the aforementioned factors are determinants of premature membrane rupture. Therefore, hospitals need to increasethe proportion of vaginal deliveriesand provide strong advice regarding the complications of abortion. Moreover, early screening, diagnosis, and treatment should be applied for malnutrition, chronic cough, sepsis, and urinary tract infections.
In the Name of God Sustainable Development through Potential Local Resources in the Area of Torud village in the Field ofDigital Currencies (Especially Mining) Using the Strategic Area Assessment Approach
Authors: Momeni Mansour , Nayeri Mahmoud Dehghan , Arabameri Hasan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Purpose: Dynamism is the fundamental element in all phenomena in the world. Humans perceive phenomena through "systems concepts" and study their dynamic behaviors over time. One practical method of systems concepts is the Strategic Area Assessment used as a tool for local and regional development. This Strategic Area Assessment the potential facilities specific to a local area with the identification of the most probable strategies for innovation. Therefore, the main purpose of this research is to investigate the application of the SAA method as a case study for sustainable development of the" Torud" region through the mining industry and digital assets (while addressing the issue of electricity shortage resulting from mining).
Research Methodology: In this study, a strategic assessment approach, which is considered one of the soft operations research methods, was used. Within this approach, a wide range of stakeholders is collected, and based on their knowledge, their readiness to pursue new pathways is strengthened. In this research, the five main stages of the SAA have been implemented as follows: a conference consisting of 54 stakeholders and experts in the mining and digital currency industry in Torud village was formed. Also, "Innovation Compass" was used as the main tool of SAA. After identifying the 9 components and 45 sub-components of SAA, and after conducting key questions in the past and present, the final score of each component and sub-component was obtained. These scores are plotted in a "Spider web diagram" to identify strategic priorities for innovation in the mining and digital currency industry, and in the final stage, the identified priorities are used to draw a forward path.
Findings: With the help of the strategic area assessment tool, not only is the problem of electricity shortage for cryptocurrency miners solved, but also by utilizing the region's potential resources (solar energy), electricity becomes more accessible and cost-effective through solar panels. This approach not only results in cost savings but also generates additional income, fostering the sustainable economic development of this region.
Origin/Scientific Added Value: Strategic area assessment, including methods of systems thinking and soft operations research, has been rarely used in Iran, and very limited in research worldwide. Hopefully, this present study will serve as a source for further research, both globally and especially in Iran.
Effect of Irradiation Insecticidal Technology on Microbiome, Physicochemical Properties of Strong-flavor Baijiu Daqu
Authors: Wang Yu , Xue Jiaohao , Qiu Yue , Zhang Xiaopeng , Wang Dan , Chen Xiaoming , Gao Peng , Du Liuquan , Xie Fei , Xia Xiaojun , Liu Qiang , zeng yu 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the feasibility of utilizing high-energy electron beam irradiation for insecticidal purposes in Strong-flavor Baijiu Daqu (SBD) and to ascertain the irradiation threshold tolerable by SBD. According to the standard plate counting method, Illumina-MiSeq sequencing method and relevant industry testing standards, the effects of different irradiation doses (0-3.55 kGy) on the microbiome and Physicochemical properties of SBD were determined. Following irradiation, a reduction in the microbial population of SBD was observed, commensurate with the dose administered. However, subsequent to a 3-month storage period, SBD samples subjected to irradiation doses of 1.40 kGy or lower exhibited negligible disparities in physicochemical properties, microbial population, and microbial community structure when compared to non-irradiated counterparts. Conversely, irradiation doses exceeding 1.40 kGy resulted in marginal variations in physicochemical properties while notable discrepancies were noted in microbial abundance and community composition. Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) revealed robust positive correlations between specific microbial taxa (e.g., Acetobacter and liquefaction, Saccharopolyspora and liquefaction, Streptomyces and saccharification, Thermoascus and acidity, Byssochlamys and moisture). Assessment of the efficacy of radiation doses ranging from 0 to 1.40 kGy in pest eradication indicated that a minimum irradiation dose of 0.27 kGy is imperative to prevent pest infestation during a storage duration of up to 120 days. In conclusion, this study proposes an optimal irradiation dosage range for insecticidal purposes in SBD, falling between 0.27 and 1.40 kGy. Additionally, it underscores the potential of high-energy electron beam irradiation as a viable method for quality assurance.