bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management of posterior epistaxis with the use of the fibreoptic nasolaryngoscope
Authors: Premachandra D. J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPosterior epistaxis is usually treated by repeated nasal packing and in failed situations by ligation of feeding arteries with considerable morbidity and mortality. The most logical approach should be location of the bleeding site and arrest of haemorrhage by local treatment. The exact location of the bleeding area can be identified in actively bleeding noses with the fibreoptic naso-laryngoscope and the bleeding arrested by chemical, or thermal cautery and in failed situations by using small nasal packs confined to the bleeding site. This approach to the management of posterior epistaxis is effective and reduces the duration of hospital stay. It significantly reduces the discomfort to the patient. The current practice of indiscriminate blind nasal packing in the hope of arresting nasal haemorrhage by incidental pressure on the bleeding site should be re-evaluated.
Radiation-induced cranial nerve palsy: hypoglossal nerve and vocal cord palsies
Authors: Takimoto Toru , Saito Yasuo , Suzuki Masayuki , Nishimura Toshirou 
Published: November 2007

AbstractCranial nerve palsies are an unexpected complication of radiotherapy for head and neck tumours. We present a case of this radiation-induced cranial palsy.An 18-year-old female with nasopharyngeal carcinoma developed a right hypoglossal nerve palsy 42 months after cancericidal doses of radiotherapy. In addition, she developed a bilateral vocal cord palsy 62 months after therapy. Follow-up over four years has demonstrated no evidence of tumour recurrence and no sign of neurological improvement.
Corrosion and fracture of a silver tracheostomy tube
Authors: Brockhurst P. J. , Feltoe C. K. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA sterling silver tracheostomy tube broke in use resulting in the death of a child. The nature of the fracture in the brazed joint is described, and corrosion identified as the mechanism of degradation of the joint. The corrosion is due either to exposure to body fluids over a long period, or to the use of hypochlorite solutions for cleaning and disinfection. The silver braze used had inferior corrosion resistance. It is recommended that appropriate grades of silver brazing alloy be used in the future, and that the mechanical integrity of medical devices joined with silver braze be regularly checked to anticipate failure in use.
Otological manifestations of a new familial polyostotic bone disorder
Authors: Adams D. A. , Gormley P. K. , Kerr A. G. , Smyth G. D. L. , Osterberg P. , Sloan J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractFifty members of a family with a unique autosomal dominant bone disease were investigated. Nineteen of the family members were either known to have, or were strongly suspected of having the disease. All but one of these had a hearing loss which was conductive in the younger age group and mixed in the older members. The common finding in those who had middle ear surgery was replacement of the long process of incus by a fibrous band. The histological features were similar to those found in Paget's disease. The age of onset, distribution of lesions and radiographic findings, however, were not typical of this disorder.
Foreign bodies in the throat: a prospective study of 388 cases
Authors: Jones N. S. , Lannigan F. J. , Salama N. Y. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe present the results of a prospective study of 388 patients presenting with a history of swallowing a foreign body. We indicate whether the patients' symptoms and signs were associated with a retained foreign body. While tenderness on palpation was an unreliable sign, pooling at indirect laryngoscopy invariably predicted a retained object. In many patients, initial careful examination of the oropharynx by casualty officers would have shown a retained fishbone in the tonsil or tongue and would have resulted in 16 per cent fewer radiographs and 17 per cent fewer referrals to the ENT department. Radiography only improved management in a small minority and 35 per cent of films were interpreted incorrectly by casualty officers. A follow-up barium swallow disclosed a pathological lesion in a significant proportion of patients with bolus obstruction, whether or not this was passed spontaneously.
Does post-operative nasal packing cause nocturnal oxygen desaturation?
Authors: Buckley J. G. , Hickey S. A. , O'Connor A. F.Fitzgerald 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPrevious studies have shown an increased frequency and duration of apnoeic episodes during sleep when the nose is occluded. The aim of this study was to ascertain whether oxygen desaturation occurs with nasal occlusion by postoperative packing. Continuous digital pulse oximetry was carried out before and after submucous resection of the nasal septum in 17 otherwise healthy patients. Post-operative nasal packing produced a statistically significant change in oxygen saturation during sleep. The change was, however, of such small magnitude that it is unlikely to be clinically significant.
Bilateral carcinoma of the external auditory meatus
Authors: Munk-Nielsen Lene , Hansen H. S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA 65-year-old woman had suffered for two months from bilateral tinnitus and discharge, pain in the right ear, and loss of hearing. Biopsy showed carcinoma of the squamous type on both sides. Tomography revealed bone destruction on the right. The patient was treated with radiotherapy. Two months after treatment, tomography showed tumour regression on the right side, but progression on the left. The literature on this subject is reviewed.
Wegener's granulomatosis in two siblings: a family study
Authors: Stoney P. J. , Davies W. , Ho S. F. , Paterson I. C. , Griffith I. P. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTwo brothers with Wegener's granulomatosis are presented. HLA status and associated genes in the brothers and the immediate family are explored. No specific association could be found with tissue types within the family.
Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the larynx
Authors: Bernáldez Ricardo , Nistal Manuel , Kaiser Carlos , Gavilán Javier 
Published: November 2007

AbstractMalignant fibrous histiocytomas of the upper respiratory tract are rare, aggressive mesenchymal neoplasms. We report a case of a glottic malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the larynx on a 54 year old man. Only a few have been reported in the English literature. The clinical behaviour and degree of malignancy of these tumours cannot be predicted. Wide, aggressive excision of the tumour with a margin of normal tissue appears to be the treatment of choice. About two years after total laryngectomy the patient is well and free of disease.
Use of hearing aids by patients with closed mastoid cavity
Authors: Terzis T. F. , Robinson J. M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTwenty-five patients who had undergone a closed-cavity tympanomastoidectomy in our Unit and wore a hearing aid in the operated ear were reviewed, and information was recorded on the use of the aid, and the patients’ impression about it. The information obtained was analysed and compared with similar data from 39 hearing aid users of similar age with no history of ear surgery. Eighty per cent of the patients with a closed mastoid cavity were satisfied with the aid, and no significant difference was found between the two groups regarding the impression about the aid (chi square 3.06, p = 0.08), or the problems with it, which, in most of the cases, were related to several changes of mould (chi square 2.19, p = 0.13). The various recorded parameters are discussed, and it is concluded that the patients with a closed mastoid cavity can tolerate a hearing aid in the operated ear at least as well as the control subjects with no ear surgery.
Maxillary sinus barotrauma with fifth cranial nerve involvement
Authors: Murrison A. W. , Smith D. J. , Francis T. J. R. , Counter R. T. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA case of neurapraxia of the infraorbital nerve occurring as a result of maxillary sinus barotrauma in a diver is presented. Existing reports of a similar nature are reviewed and the pathogenesis of cranial nerve involvement in barotrauma is discussed. Guidelines for treatment are suggested.
latrogenic epidermoid cyst of the parotid region following ear surgery
Authors: Thompson A. C. , Bradley P. J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIatrogenic implantation of squamous epithelium may result in formation of an epidermoid cyst. These cysts have been described in various sites around the head and neck following otological procedures. A case of iatrogenic epidermal cyst in the parotid region following repeated myringoplasty is reported. The clinical features and differential diagnosis are discussed.
Experience of pulse oximetry in children with croup
Authors: Stoney P. J. , Chakrabarti M. K. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe report our experience with 199 patients requiring admission with a diagnosis of croup over an 18 month period. The value of using pulse oximetry to monitor these children was critically examined. Twenty-nine patients with clinically significant stridor were monitored for an average of 12 hours. There was poor correlation of clinical status and respiratory rate with hypoxia as shown by the technique, with frequent dips in oxygen saturation being caused by technical problems such as movement artefact. Pulse oximetry is a useful adjunct to the clinical assessment of croup, but cannot be relied upon solely for monitoring these labile patients.
Scanning electron microscopic study of nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Gulisano M. , Polli G. , Dallai S. , Altavilla E. , Pacini P. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe study has been carried out on biopsies taken from four patients affected by squamous cell carcinoma and four patients affected by undifferentiated carcinoma of nasopharyngeal type (UCNT). Three healthy volunteers have served as controls.All the specimens have been studied by SEM. The neoplastic conditions cause obvious alterations both in the mucosal surface and in the morphology of the cellular apex.
Synchronous arytenoid and pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma
Authors: Laccourreye Ollivier , Chabardes Eric , Weinstein Gregory , Carnot Francoise , Brasnu Daniel , Laccourreye Henri 
Published: November 2007

AbstractNeuroendocrine laryngeal carcinoid tumours are uncommon. The supraglottis is the main location of these tumours. Eighty-one cases have been reported in the world literature. We present the first case of a synchronous laryngeal and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumour.
Chloral hydrate and middle ear pressure
Authors: Abdul-Baqi Khader J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractMiddle ear pressure and tympanic membrane compliance were measured in 34 infants and young children (66 ears) with normal middle ears under oral choral hydrate hypnosis. Tympanograms were performed before and 40 to 60 minutes after administration of the drug. Results showed that the middle ear pressure increased significantly in all cases and in both sexes. This increase ranged between +19 and +219 mm H2O. In all cases the pressure returned to its prehypnotic values after recovery. Results of tympanic membrane compliance showed significant increase in males and not significant decrease in females.
Peritonsillar abscess: Risk of disease in the remaining tonsil after unilateral tonsillectomy à chaud
Authors: SøRensen Jens Ahm , Godballe Christian , Andersen Niels Henrik , JøRgensen Karsten 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe occurrence of disease in the remaining tonsil after unilateral tonsillectomy à chaudin the treatment of peritonsillar abscess, was studied in 536 patients. No patient had a history of previous severe tonsillitis at the time of the unilateral tonsillectomy, 6.1 per cent of the patients were readmitted for surgery of the remaining tonsil during the follow-up period. Ninety-seven per cent of these patients were younger than 30 years of age. Previous investigations have shown increasing frequency by age of pharyngitis after bilateral tonsillectomy. We suggest bilateral tonsillectomy in all cases of patients younger than 30 years old who suffer from peritonsillar abscess irrespective of previous tonsillar disease. Patients older than 30 should be treated with unilateral ablation, unless there is a clear indication for bilateral tonsillectomy.
Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma involving the tonsil: An immunohistochemical study
Authors: Watson M. G. , Crocker J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTwenty-one patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma involving the palatine tonsil were studied in an attempt to relate pathological data to clinical outcome. Eleven tumours were classified as low-grade and ten as high-grade on morphological criteria. The results of immunohistochemical investigations are presented; all tumours but one were of B-cell origin. None of the pathological factors studied were found to be useful prognostic indicators.
Tegmental dehiscence and brain herniation into the middle ear cleft
Authors: Golding-Wood D. G. , Williams H. O. L. , Brookes G. B. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe tegmen tympani may occasionally be breached by herniation of the temporal lobe with or without dural cover. The clinical presentation may be obvious with CSF otorrhoea but less so with apparent middle ear effusion, CSF rhinnorrhoea, conductive hearing loss, recurrrent meningitis or intracranial sepsis. Diagnosis requires suspicion of the condition, which may be aided by radiological imaging. Surgical repair is to be recommended: various techniques are available but bone enveloped by fascia placed by subtemporal approach is preferred. The features of this problem are highlighted by four cases.
Bilateral parotid secondaries from primary bronchial carcinoid tumour
Authors: Dilkes Michael G. , Birchall Martin A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThree years following a right lower lobectomy for primary carcinoid tumour of the bronchus, a patient presented with bilateral parotid masses. On investigation, both these were shown to be carcinoid tumours, consistent with metastatic spread from the primary bronchial tumour. This unique case is presented together with a discussion of the diagnostic methods employed.
Kikuchi's necrotising lymphadenitis
Authors: Fairley James W. , Cross Simon , Shaw John D. , Glover Garry W. , Bennett Michael H. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThree cases of Kikuchi's necrotizing lymphadenitiswithout granulocytic infiltration presented to the ENT department as cervical lymphadenopathy with neutropaenia. Differential diagnosis from malignant lymphoma was difficult both clinically and histopathologically. Two recovered spontaneously without treatment within three months, one improved initially but was lost to follow-up after one month.
Secretory IgA- and IgG-coated bacteria in chronically discharging ears
Authors: Stenfors Lars-Eric , Räisänen Simo 
Published: November 2007

AbstractSIgA- and IgG-coated bacteria obtained from 17 discharging middle ears (14 patients, 9 male, 5 female, age range from 1 to 79 years) were evaluated using an immunofluorescence assay. Simultaneously, quantitative and qualitative bacteriological analyses of the middle ear effusions (MEEs) were performed. MEEs containingStaphylococcus aureusharboured bacteria which were intensely coated with both SIgA and IgG antibodies. In contrast, MEEs containingPseudomonas aeruginosadisplayed minimal, if any, SIgA- and IgG-coated bacteria. Two young patients harboured bacteria (Haemophilus influenzae and S. aureus/Streptococcus pneumoniae, respectively) which were heavily coated with IgG, but not with SIgA. Immunoglobulin-coating of bacteria involved in otitis media is of the utmost importance in eradication of the infection.
Anatomy of the temporalis fascia
Authors: Wormald P. J. , Alun-Jones T. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe anatomy of the different layers of the temporalis fascia is reviewed. The superficial and deep layers of the temporalis fascia have been studied by light microscopy to assess any histological difference between the two. We have also assessed the physical characteristics of the different layers by measuring their Young's modulus in the wet and dry states.Anatomically the superficial layer is part of the epicranial aponeurosis and thus covers nearly the entire lateral aspect of the skull. The deep temporal fascial layer covers exactly the temporalis muscle and measures 10 × 12 cm. The fascial layers have a separate arterial and venous supply enabling them to be used as a homograft, a rotation flap or free microvascular flap. Histologically there is no difference between the two layers. A study of the physical characteristics of the two fascial layers using Young's modulus revealed no significant difference in elasticity between the two. The most significant factor affecting the elasticity was the state of hydration of the fascia.
Interpretation of maxillary sinus radiographs in children
Authors: Sherman I. W. , Phillips D. E. , Bowdler D. A. , Jones A. S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractNasal symptoms are a frequent cause of referral to paediatric ENT clinics. It is the policy of our unit to view sinus radiographs without a report at the initial clinic attendance. This study demonstrates there is no statistically significant difference in the interpretation of the radiographs between two ENT surgeons and a radiologist although there was a tendency for the radiologist to have a greater specificity. This finding may have financial implications. In addition a clear sinus radiograph is shown to be a significant negative finding.
Submucous resection of the nasal septum as an outpatient procedure
Authors: Buckley J. G. , Mitchell D. B. , Hickey S. A. , O'Connor A. F. Fitzgerald 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe report our experience of submucous resection of the nasal septum under local anaesthesia as an outpatient procedure. We have audited 50 consecutive cases and compared the results with a similar group of patients in whom the operation was carried out in the usual way under general anaesthesia. We have found the procedure to be safe, effective and economically advantageous.
Angiofibromas of the postnasal space: A critical appraisal of various therapeutic modalities
Authors: Mishra S. C. , Shukla G. K. , Bhatia Naresh , Pant M. C. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAngiofibromas of the postnasal space are an enigma to the treating surgeon in view of their extensions around the skull base. The availability of modern investigative procedures has to some extent facilitated the decision making process in choosing a suitable surgical approach.Proper tumour staging and the earliest and widest possible exposure tailored to the needs of the specific situation together with adequate blood replacement is the key to success in minimizing the chances of the recurrence.The present study aims at an evaluation of the methodology adopted in 100 serial cases of angiofibromas of the postnasal space. After initial surgery, a further 31 procedures were needed for the management of recurrences.
Malakoplakia of the temporal bone in a nine-month-old infant
Authors: Nayar R. C. , Garg I. , Alapatt J. J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA case of malakoplakia, of the temporal bone in a nine-month-old male child is reported.The lesion presented as an aural polyp, associated with a lower motor neuron facial palsy. On exploration, the granuloma was noted to involve the temporal bone, eroding the bony labyrinth. It was successfully treated with surgical debridement, and antibiotics. A review of the relevant literature is presented.
Meningitis from caninePasteurella multocidafollowing mastoidectomy
Authors: Dammeijer P. F. , McCombe A. W. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA case ofPasteurella multocidameningitis, following a mastoidectomy is presented. The association of close contact with pets, many of which harbourPasteurella multocidaas part of their normal buccal flora. This case confirms the potential benefit of taking an ear swab prior to mastoid surgery and in seeking an appropriate ‘pet’ history.
Nasal haemangiopericytoma
Authors: Osammor J. Y. , Howat A. J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractHaemangiopericytoma is an uncommon vascular tumour frequently diagnosed with difficulty. The immunohistochemical findings of strong positivity to vimentin together with other diagnostic features (histological and ultrastructural) improves the certainty of its diagnosis. We report a case arising in the nose and outline diagnostic problems especially relating to histopathology.
Subtraction magnetic resonance for tumours of the skull base and sinuses: a new imaging technique
Authors: Lloyd G. A. S. , Barker P. B. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA new imaging technique is described, in which photographic subtraction as practised in angiography, is combined with Gadolinium enhanced Magnetic Resonance (GdMR)imaging and applied to the investigation of the paranasal sinuses and skull base. The densities on the subtraction image are dependent upon the blood supply of the tissues examined, thus producing a record of their vascularity: in effect a vasculogram. The method has proved to be technically feasible, and is advantageousin certain situations, particularly those in which the anatomy is complex as in theskull base or where normal structures havebeen distorted by previous surgery. The technique provides a more accurate record of tumour extent than that shown on unsubstracted GdMR scans.
Sudden total deafness in sickle cell disease
Authors: O'Keeffe L. J. , Maw A. R. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractSickle cell disease is a world-wide problem which has been noted to cause high tone sensorineural hearing loss. We report a case with sudden onset bilateral hearingloss which progressed to total sensorineural deafness. To our knowledge there has been noreport of such a case occurring previously.
Craniofacial fibrous dysplasia
Authors: Camilleri A. E. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractFibrous dysplasia is a benign localized bone disorder of unknown aetiologyin which endocrinopathies, abnormal pigmentation of the skin and mucous membranes may formpart of the disease. Five cases involving the facial and cranial bones are described to illustrate the various presentations and radiological appearances including computerized tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Some of these cases demonstrate that serial radiology may be adequate for diagnosis and management without the necessity for histological confirmation. The place of limited surgical treatment for the craniofacial sites is debated.
Plunging ranula following bilateral submandibular duct transposition
Authors: Balakrishnan A. , Ford G. R. , Bailey C. M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractSubmandibular duct transposition is now a standard surgical procedure for the treatment of severe drooling. However, this is our first experience of a plunging ranula arising as a complication of the technique. In the surgical management of this complication, the single most important step is excision of the sublingual gland to prevent recurrence.
Extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma of the maxillary sinus
Authors: Jawad J. , Lang J. , Leader M. , Keane T. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA case of extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma of the maxillary sinus in a 45-year-old man is reported and discussed. This is the first report of this tumour in thissite.
Inhalation of dental plates—A hazard of radiolucent materials
Authors: Knowles J. E. A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractMany dental plates are made of materials that are radiolucent. If inhaled or swallowed they may be difficult to detect and where there is strong suspicion of inhalation, early bronchoscopy should be carried out even if plain X-rays show no abnormality. The details of three patients are reported.