bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Double Layer Lamination Method in Vacuum Sealing Drainage for Treating Poor Incision Healing after Posterior Spinal Surgery
Authors: Huang Lishan , Wang Lin , Xu Yanxin , Luo Qihui , Liu Fang , Wu Hui , Zhang Hui 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Objective: To explore the efficacy of the double layer lamination method in VSD for the treatment of poor incision healing after posterior spinal surgery.
Methods: Out of the 915 patients hospitalized in our department for posterior spine surgery between January 2021 and December 2022, 41 cases with postoperative poor incision healing treated with VSD were included in the study. The enrolled cases underwent treatment with vacuum sealing drainage and were subsequently divided into study and control groups according to their admission order. Among the cases, 20 in the study group received treatment utilizing the double layer lamination method,whereas the conventional laminating method was employed for 21 cases in the control group. This study compares the incidence of localized skin adverse reactions (skin redness, itching, skin breakdown, blistering), patch leakage, patch replenishment, dressing change, duration of tube placement, and comfort ( pipe pulling pain) at the exit end of the VSD drain in the two groups of patients.
Results: The incidence of localized skin redness and blistering at the outlet end of the VSD drain in the test group was lower than that in the control group, and the leakage of the film, the frequency of replenishment of the film and the time of placement of the tube were less than that in the control group, and the comfort was better than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: The implementation of the double layer lamination method is beneficial in minimizing the occurrence of localized skin adverse reactions at the outlet end of the VSD drainage tube, reducing film leakage and the need for replenishment, reducing duration of tube placement, enhancing the comfort of VSD drainage, and positively impacting the prognosis of patients. This method exhibits promising potential for extensive application in clinical practice.
MicroRNA-32-5p promotes the proliferation and metastasis of gastric cancer cells
Authors: Sun Chao , Huang Lai-gang , Leng Bing , Guo Yanting , Chen Chen , Lv Ruijie , Dong Yan , Gao Tian-tian , Sun De-qing 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Gastric cancer (GC) is a huge threat to global health, there is no effective treatment or just delay the progression of advanced GC until now. Micro-RNAs were reported to participate in the progression of GC. However, the role and regulation mechanisms of microRNA-32-5p (miR-32-5p) in the pathogenesis of GC remain unclear.
Method
Clonal formation, MTT, caspase-3 activity, sperm DNA fragmentation, flow cytometry assay, cell adhesion, transwell assays were performed to detect the functions of miR-32-5p or anti-miR-32-5p on the growth and metastasis of GC cells. Western blot, qRT-PCR, Co-immunoprecipitation, and luciferase reporter analysis were performed to explore the associated mechanisms. We established mouse tumor xenografts and mouse metastasis models to explore the role of miR-32-5p and anti-miR-32-5p in vivo.
Result
MiR-32-5p significantly promoting the proliferation and metastasis of GC cells at both in vitro and in vivo levels. The underlying mechanism maybe that miR-32-5p complementary paired with the 3′-UTR of DSC2, and inhibited the expression of DSC2. Furthermore, we found that DSC2 suppressed the transcription of Cyclin B1, and induced G2/M phase arrest through inhibiting the complex of β-catenin/TCF4 in nucleus.
Conclusion
MiR-32-5p negatively regulated the DSC2 expression in GC cells, might be a potential therapeutic targeting of cancers, most especially in GC.
Three Phase Distribution Static Compensator for Power Quality Improvement Using Chimp Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Kanase Digvijay B , Jadhav H. T. , Bhosale Y. N. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

ABSTARCT
In order to increase power quality, this study presents a structure of a photovoltaic (PV) array coupled with a battery functioned DC/DC boost converter feeding a three-legged VSC (Voltage Source converter) with isolation transformer. With the aid of a PV and battery, constant reactive power compensation will be provided while taking system demand into account. PV provides VSC with daytime voltage, and batteries can provide VSC with nighttime voltage. Due to the extremely low output of PV cells, DC-DC booster is used to boost the voltage up to the system demand of the voltage source converter (DSTATCOM). At night, batteries can supply power to the DC-DC booster to sustain the DC link voltage required by the VSC. The key benefit of this suggested strategy is that it will offer constant compensation throughout the entire day. The system is evaluated before and after compensation utilizing the MATLAB-SIMULINK environment by using chimp optimization method.
A method for predicting non-uniform wear of flapping driving mechanism joint considering uncertainty
Authors: Wang Keke , Jiang Deyin , Jiang Senke , Gao Zhixuan , Zhuang Xinchen , Cui Weimin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The driving mechanism of the flapping wing aircraft is a critical component which affects the aircraft performance directly. However, in practical flights, the joint of the mechanism was found with non-uniform wear, in some cases leading to the failure of the mechanism. As an essential connection component, the joint has a crucial effect on the transmitting loads and the motion rules, but the clearance of the joint is unavoidable, it will affect the performance of the mechanism. At the same time, the contact collision force triggers non-uniform wear, accelerates the functional degradation of the mechanism, and impacts the safety of the mechanism. Therefore, a method for predicting non-uniform wear of joint considering multi-source random variables is proposed in this paper, and the flapping driving mechanism is taken as an example for joint wear prediction, and the validity of the method is verified by comparing with the practical experimental joint wear. In addition, the wear reliability and sensitivity of the flapping driving mechanism considering uncertainty are also investigated, and it provides guidance for the lifetime prediction and optimization design of the flapping driving mechanism.
Healthcare resource utilisation and costs in patients with advanced soft tissue sarcoma: A data linkage project using a sarcoma referral centre in Australia
Authors: Bae Susie , Brnabic Alan , Mar Jasmine , Desai Jayesh 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Treatment landscape of advanced soft tissue sarcoma (aSTS) has been rapidly evolving in recent decades. The impact of novel treatment approaches on the healthcare system is a complex issue that needs to carefully balance the potential benefits with their associated costs. In this retrospective study we accessed multiple large administrative datasets of publicly funded health systems to describe real-world healthcare resource use (HCRU) patterns and associated costs for managing patients with advanced soft tissue sarcoma in Australia.
Methods
Probalistic data linkage was performed using 361 patients with aSTS identified from a tertiary referral centre between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2015, with four administrative datasets on hospital admission, emergency presentation, Medicare Benefits Schedule and Pharmaceutical Benefits Schedule. Two specific time settings were nominated to extract HCRU and to analyse costs: 12 months prior to the diagnosis of aSTS and 12 months post the diagnosis of aSTS. Comparison data were presented using descriptive statistics.
Results
The yearly cost per patient was AUD $42,622 before the aSTS diagnosis, increasing to AUD $69,145 after the aSTS diagnosis. The bootstrap confidence interval for the difference in all costs was AUD $24,982 (95% confidence interval (CI), $18,164 to $31,390), in excess of costs after the diagnosis of aSTS. The most substantial cost difference was driven by the inpatient care with the hospital admission costs accounting for up to 79%. The cost of subsidised medication only accounted for 1.3% of the total healthcare costs before aSTS diagnosis, rising to 5.2% after the diagnosis of aSTS. The overall cost was substantially higher for the group who received chemotherapy (AUD $39,160, 95% CI [$30,170 to $47,594] vs. AUD $13,057, 95% CI [$4,766 to $22,323]).
Conclusions
This is the first Australian study to use individual-level data in estimating the healthcare cost for patients diagnosed with aSTS. The healthcare costs are significant, predominantly driven by costs incurred from inpatient hospital care. These findings present an opportunity to inform the Australian healthcare system on the importance of optimising resources and adopting more efficient strategies for planning and delivering health services.
Health Services Utilization and Out-of-Pocket Health Expenditure in Sudan: A Study of a Tertiary Public Hospital 2017-2020.
Authors: AbdAlla Eltayeb , MohamedAli Hoyam , AbdAlla Rawan , Ahmed Mohammed , Mohammedkheir Manal , Malik Elfatih 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background: Financial protection should be guaranteed to ensure universal health coverage. Out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditure may hinder financial protection for low-income populations; however, the use of OOP expenditure in healthcare remains controversial.
Objectives: This study aimed to examine OOP expenditure and health service utilization in the setting of a Sudanese tertiary hospital as a sample.
Materials and Methods: This study was a retrospective chart review conducted at one of the largest tertiary public hospitals in Khartoum, Sudan, from 2017 to 2020. Monthly hospital records of service utilization and OOP expenditures were obtained from the statistical and financial units of the hospital. Monthly inflation rates were obtained from the Sudanese ministry of finance. The data was analyzed using SPSS V28.
Results: The average number of services provided per month for all services was significantly decreasing throughout the study period (2017–2020); however, operations showed no significant change (from 0.94± 0.58.16 to 1.19± 0.59 thousand service/ month, p-value 0.22). The monthly average OOP expenditure on all services was rising, except expenditure on outpatient services which declined from 6.36± 7.71 to 1.91± 4.86 thousand SDGs/month (p-value <0.001) and refereed clinic services which declined from 521.11± 90.78 to 53.20± 41.16 thousand SDGs/ month (p-value <0.001) between 2017 and 2020. Univariate analysis showed that inflation (p-value 0.001) was negatively associated with health services utilization, which remained significant (<0.001) after adjustment with OOP expenditure and showed no association with health services utilization in univariate analysis (p-value 0.24).
Conclusion: Health service utilization has been declining in recent years, accompanied by increasing OOP expenditure. Inflation-driven high pricing is an explanation for this pattern; however, many factors should be studied. Policymakers and governors should consider applying strategic interventions such as increasing governmental share and expanding insurance.
Efficacy and safety of tirzepatide in overweight or obese adults without diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Liu Ligang , Nahata Milap , Shi Hekai , Sun Yuxiao , Xie Merilyn 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background:
Tirzepatide has been studied for individuals with obesity without diabetesin randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
Objectives:
The summarize the efficacy and safety of tirzepatide to guide clinical practice.
Methods:
Databases were searched to identify RCTs that compared tirzepatide with any treatments in this population. Meta-analyses were conducted to compare tirzepatide versus placebo. Standard mean difference (SMD) or risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used as appropriate.
Results:
Three RCTs with 3901 participants were included. Tirzepatide caused weight loss of 18.73% (95% CI: -21.31 to -16.15) versus placebo. The percentages of patients achieving weight loss of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% were 92.7%, 84.4%, 73.6%, and 56.1%, respectively. Tirzepatide had greater weight loss than placebo (SMD: -1.61, 95% CI -2.20 to -1.02). It also had a higher likelihood of achieving weight loss ≥ 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25% compared to placebo. However, tirzepatide had significantly increase in adverse events than placebo (RR: 1.53, 95% CI: 1.18 to 1.98).
​Conclusions:
Tirzepatide can significantly reduce body weight in overweight or obese individuals without diabetes. This weight loss effect might be better than semaglutide and liraglutide. Nonetheless, the increased adverse events warrant careful monitoring.
Barriers to performing research studies from the perspective of medical students at Khyber Medical College, Peshawar
Authors: Rehman Muhammad Zohaib 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Introduction:
The pursuit of medical research is a cornerstone of scientific progress and contributes to the development of healthcare systems. Despite the well-known benefits of involving medical students in research, barriers and challenges often hinder their active participation.
Objective:
This study investigates the barriers hindering medical students at Khyber Medical College, Peshawar, in their pursuit of research opportunities, with the aim of facilitating a more research-oriented environment that enhances their scholarly output and contributes to the broader field of healthcare.
Methods and Materials:
Design: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from 30th May to 30th August involving 264 3rd- to 5th-year MBBS medical students (participants) currently enrolled in Khyber Medical College, Peshawar (Setting). Intervention: The data werecollected through a self-administered, validated questionnaire. SPSS version 27.0 was used for analysing the data. One sample t testsand ANOVAs were used to assess associationsbetween variables. A P value <0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance. The primary outcome measure was the mean score of barriers from the Likert scale used in the questionnaire. A comparison of different categories of barriers was also performedas a part of a secondary outcome measure.
Results:
The study revealed that medical students at Khyber Medical College encounter significant barriers to research, with an overall mean score of 3.9110 ± 0. 4645. The most significant barriers were the failure to allocate sufficient funds (4.37±0.764) and the absence of a research-oriented culture in society (4.34± 0.794). Conversely, the least prominent barriers were a lack of proficiency in English (3.09±1.248) and inadequate facilities (3.38± 1.357).
Conclusion:
This study sheds light on the challenges faced by medical students in pursuing research at Khyber Medical College, Peshawar. Addressing these barriers is essential for enhancing the research culture, educational excellence, and healthcare outcomes.
Electrochemical CO2 Reduction Mechanism on Copper: Relation between Mesoscopic Mass Transport and Intrinsic Kinetics
Authors: Morales-Guio Carlos , Jang Joonbaek , Ruscher Martina , Winzely Maximilian , Rodriguez Dolores , Reyes-Lopez Eber , Srivast Samanvaya , Christofides Panagiotis , Sautet Philippe 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

A multi-scale first-principles transport-reaction model is derived for the electrochemical reduction of CO2 to fuels and chemicals on polycrystalline copper electrodes. The model utilizes a continuous stirred-tank reactor (CSTR)-volume approximation that captures the relative timescales for mesoscale stochastic processes at the electrode/electrolyte interface that determine product selectivity. The model is built starting from a large experimental dataset obtained under a broad range of well-defined transport regimes in a gastight rotating cylinder electrode cell. Product distributions under different conditions of transport, applied potential, and bulk electrolyte concentration are rationalized by introducing dimensionless numbers that reduce complexity and capture relative timescales for mesoscopic and microscopic dynamics of electrocatalytic reactions on copper electrodes. This work demonstrates that one CO2 reduction mechanism can explain differences in selectivity reported for copper-based electrocatalysts when mass transport, concentration polarization effects, and primary and secondary current distributions are taken into account.
Association between Red Blood Cell Distribution Width and the Speed of Adding Milk with Non- invasive Positive Pressure Ventilation Mode in Preterm Infants
Authors: Feng Yi , Hu Yong , Mu Yuju , Lu Ruifeng , He Qi , Jiang Shouliang , Huang Jinglan , Duan Surong , Wang Hua 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) is applied in the early postnatal period in most preterm infants; however, whether it slows down milk addition speed remains debatable. Elevated red blood cell distribution width (RDW) causes gastrointestinal ischemia and enteral feeding risks. This study aimed to explore the relationship between RDW and the speed of adding milk in NIPPV mode (SAMNIPPV) in preterm infants during hospitalization.
Methods
Between 01/05/2022 and 30/11/2022, 110 preterm infants (gestational age < 32 weeks, birth weight < 1500 g) treated with NIPPV were included to calculate the speed of milk addition. RDW was extracted from the complete blood count results during hospitalization. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses identified the association between RDW and SAMNIPPV.
Results
Low (15.1 ± 0.6%), mid (16.6 ± 0.4%), and high (19.0 ± 1.2%) RDW were observed in 37, 36, and 37 infants, respectively. The mean SAMNIPPV decreased with increasing RDW during hospitalization. Compared to the high SAMNIPPV group, the tripartite RDW levels in the low and mid SAMNIPPV groups differed significantly. Univariate analysis showed a reduction in the SAMNIPPV (2.1 mL/kg/d) when RDW was 16.9 ± 1.8%; both high and mid RDW were risk factors for low SAMNIPPV. In multivariate analysis, high RDW (19.0% ±1.2%) during hospitalization was a risk factor for low SAMNIPPV and determined as the predictive cut-off value for preterm infants with low SAMNIPPV.
Conclusions
An elevated RDW was associated with reduced speed of milk addition in preterm infants treated with NIPPV. Milk addition should be closely monitored when RDW is > 19.0 ± 1.2% during hospitalization as it significantly decreased the SAMNIPPV by 4.4 mL/kg/d.
Nano mechanics in multicomponent hard coatings for MEMS cantilevers
Authors: BHATTACHARYYA ARNAB SANKAR 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Ti-B-Si-C-B-N/Si coatings are VLSI compatible at a cheaper rate. These multi-component nanocomposite coating comprising of a mixture of different phases viz., TiN, TiB2, cBN, Ti-C, Si3N4, β-C3N4 and different hybridized carbon grown over an amorphous phase has also been useful for MEMS as microgrippers dielectric barriers in VLSI fabrication and interconnects. The nature of crystallization which occurred on the surface of magnetron sputtered Ti-B-Si-C(N) and Si-C-N on silicon (100) substrates was studied using Transmission electron Microscopy and the complex crystalline configuration was attempted to analyze using image analysis and diffraction patterns. The standard deviations occurring in the nanoindentation P-h plots were put into effect to explain the small-scale fractural features during the indentation process. The electrical conduction associated with nanoindentation indenter tip with the diverse crystalline morphology of the magnetron deposited coatings which involves indenter sharpness and small-scale fracture as well has also been studied to the effect of its use for device fabrication.
Establishment of Shoot - tip Regeneration System of Watermelon
Authors: Liu Chun , Zhu Xiuxiu , Li Hu , Fan Yupeng , Wang Jiyuan , Liu Jie , Zhang Huijun 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The aim of this study was to establish a regeneration system of watermelon. Watermelon W1 was selected as the experimental material using seedling shoots as a receptor. The effects of different concentrations of 6-Benzylaminopurine(6-BA) on the shoot tip of watermelon seedlings were studied. Number of shoots at the stem tip were counted every other day until the new buds reached 2 cm. The new stem tip was cut, and the effect of different concentrations of Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium on the number of regenerated roots and root length of shoots were studied. The results showed that the differentiation rate was highest when the 6-BA concentration was 0.7mg/ml-0.8mg/ml. The optimum concentration for root regeneration was 1/8 MS. At this concentration, the number rooted was the highest, and root length was also promoted.
The Impact of Real Prescription Examples on Prescription Writing Skills of Medical Students: A Quasi-Experimental Study
Authors: Daanish Ahmad Farid , Rahmani Mohammad Rafi , Fawad Sayed Abulhasan , Bahain Mohammad Barin , Azimi Mahmoodullah , Mushkani Ershad Ahmad , Atiq Mohammad Asif 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Introduction: Irrational drug use, a worldwide problem poses global health and economic risks. Good prescribing involves accurate, complete and legible prescription writing. Effective prescribing entails accurate, complete, and legible prescription writing.
Objective: To assess the impact of incorporating real examples of illegible or incomplete prescriptions into the rational drug use course on the prescription writing skills of medical students at Kabul University of Medical Science (KUMS).
Method: A quasi-experimental study with participation of 104 forth-year medical students at the Faculty of Medicine, KUMS, was carried out. The control group (n = 53( attended the regular course on rational drug use without any modifications, the intervention group (n = 51) participated in a course that included critiquing real prescriptions in addition to the regular curriculum. The students were evaluated by assessing their written prescriptions and their ability to identify prescription writing-related shortcomings in other prescriptions.
Results: The intervention group had higher test scores in prescription writing (88.36% vs. 48.35%) and better performance in identifying shortcomings (69.77% vs. 41.41%) compared to the control group.
Notable progress was observed in areas requiring improvement.
Conclusion: The study demonstrated that critiquing and assessing real eligible/incomplete prescriptions during the rational drug use course for undergraduates had a positive impact on prescription writing skills. This approach can also be utilized to teach various aspects of pharmacotherapy if appropriate de-identified cases with sufficient additional patient’s medical records are carefully chosen.