bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Grimelius stain for cytodiagnosis of carcinoid tumor
Authors: Ascoli Valeria , Newman Gary A. , Kline Tilde S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe Grimelius stain is a valuable histochemical method for detecting the specific intracytoplasmic secretory granules of carcinoid tumors. The usefulness of this argyrophilic technique for aspiration biopsy cytology (ABC) specimens was studied by the histologic staining procedure. Aspirates from a metastatic intra‐abdominal neoplasm, morphologically suggestive of carcinoid tumor and from a control specimen were restained according to the Grimelius method. Diffuse cytoplasmic argyrophilia was observed in both. The application of Grimelius silver stain to cytology specimens enhances diagnostic accuracy in the evaluation of a suspected carcinoid tumor. Diagn Cytopathol 1986;2:157‐159.
Application of cell‐image analysis to the diagnosis of cellular atypias in sputum: A review
Authors: Greenberg S. Donald , Hunter Norwood R. , Taylor Gerald R. , Swank Paul R. , Winkler Donnie G. , Spjut Harlan J. , Estrada Rolando G. , Grenia Cris , Clark Marie , Herson Jay 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe incidence of carcinoma of the lung continues to steadily rise, and attempts at early diagnosis to improve prognosis have not yet been rewarding. The goal of our research is to decrease the incidence of lung cancer by detecting premalignant bronchial dysplasias in individuals in whom development of lung cancer is potentially preventable. To achieve this, we have developed an atypia status index (ASI)—the assignment of numerical values to the various stages of atypical bronchial epithelial cells in sputum, and a cell atypia profile (CAP)—an ASI‐generated scale of 200 such atypical bronchial epithelial cells in a single sputum specimen. Computerized cell‐image analysis techniques and statistical data analysis are used to generate the ASIs and CAPs for each subject. This study is a step toward the development of an automated cell‐image analysis system for mass screening of premalignant atypias in sputum of those considered at high risk for lung cancer (i.e., men and women of 40 yr of age and older, with more than 20 pack‐yr of cigarette smoking). Diagn Cytopathol 1986;2:168‐174.
Pulmonary cytology of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome: An analysis of 36 cases
Authors: Duggan Máire A. , Pomponi Cynthia , Robboy Stanley J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe infectious pathogens and associated cellular reactions in 75 pulmonary cytological specimens obtained largely by fiberoptic bronchoscopy from 36 patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome are described and correlated with the biopsy specimens. An opportunistic pathogen was diagnosed in 33% of cytological preparations. Pneumocystis carinii was encountered most frequently; Cryptococcus neoformans and cytomegalovirus were also seen. The polymorphonuclear neutrophil was the predominant inflammatory cell. Cells of secondary import were bronchial cells and type II pneumocytes with atypia and hyperplasia. Bronchoalveolar lavage had the highest yield, positive predictive value, and sensitivity for all pathogens and for P. carinii. An opportunistic pathogen was diagnosed in 69% of patients utilizing histological material and in 33% using cytological samples; the rate of diagnosis increased to 72% when the samples were combined. Diagn Cytopathol 1986;2:181‐186.
Pulmonary cytology in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
Authors: Selvaggi Suzanne M. , Gerber Marina 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOver a 2‐yr period, 1982‐1984, 181 pulmonary cytology specimens were obtained from 45 patients clinically suspected of having AIDS in an attempt to identify the various organisms and the cytologic atypias present in pulmonary cells. Cytologic correlations with autopsy findings were available for 28 of these cases (62%), Specimens were collected from sputum, bronchial washes and brushes, bronchoalveolar lavages, and pleural fluid. Of the 181 specimens, 121 (67%) were of diagnostic value. Depending on the cytologic technique, Pneumocystis carinii, cytomegalovirus, herpesvirus, and Candida were detected with varying frequency. The bronchial epithelial and glandular cell atypias, ranging from mild inflammatory reactive changes to marked cellular atypia, were noted most often in specimens from patients with pulmonary infections who were concurrently receiving oxygen therapy and/or chemotherapy for Kaposi's sarcoma or central nervous system lymphoma. An awareness of the wide range of AIDS‐associated pulmonary cell atypias is required to rule out a diagnosis of malignancy. Diagn Cytopathol 1986;2:187‐193.
Intraoperative cytology of tumors
Authors: Szczepanik E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA quick staining method is described that permits a full cytologic statement on the seriousness of lesions within 3 min intraoperatively. The accuracy of this method of diagnosis and cytodiagnosis of benign and malignant tumors can be compared with histological examinations. The principal advantage is the speed compared with a cytologic fast‐cut during operation. Moreover, the preparation or slide is of higher durability; the color and staining response have not faded for 10 yr, so far. Diagn Cytopathol 1986;2:236‐240.
Extramedullary plasma cell tumors: Diagnosis by fine‐needle aspiration cytology
Authors: Das Dilip K. , Gupta Subhash K. , Sehgal Shobha 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNine cases of plasma cell tumors were diagnosed by fine‐needle aspiration cytology, the sites of aspiration being soft‐tissue swellings in five cases, lynph nodes in three cases, and both soft‐tissue swelling and lymph node in one case. The age of the patients ranged from 33 to 74 yrs, with a median of 52 yrs. Only three of these nine cases were clinically diagnosed as multiple myeloma. Unequivocal demonstration of myeloma cells was possible in eight cases. The smear in ninth case showed mostly undifferentiated blast cells with a few cells showing plasmacytoid differentiation. Giant myeloma cells with monstrous segmented nuclei were encountered in two cases. M‐component could be demonstrated in serum and/or urine samples in all seven cases in which it was sought. Diagn Cytopathol 1986;2:248‐251.
Renal adenocarcinoma presenting with bilateral metastases to bartholin's glands: Primary diagnosis by aspiration cytology
Authors: Leiman Gladwyn , Markowitz S. , Veiga‐Ferreira Maria M. , Margolius Karin A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe first recorded case of renal adenocarcinoma presenting with bilateral metastases to the Bartholin's glands is presented. Primary diagnosis of the metastatic deposits was made by fine‐needle aspiration cytology with subsequent localization of the unsuspected renal primary. The value of fine‐needle aspiration in the identification of inapparent primary tumors is discussed and cytological findings are described in detail. Diag Cytopathol 1986;2:252‐255.
Percutaneous fine‐needle cytology for lung cancer diagnosis
Authors: Kato Harubumi , Konaka Chimiri , Kawate Norihiko , Yoneyama Kazuo , Nishimiya Katsuaki , Saito Makoto , Sakai Harumasa , Kinoshita Komei , Hayata Yoshihiro 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe authors have performed 1, 758 needle cytology procedures since 1966 in cases suspected of lung cancer. The results of percutaneous aspiration fine‐needle cytology in 232 patients with lung cancer lesions between January 1973 and August 1984 are discussed. Of the 232 cases, lung cancer was diagnosed in 211 cases by this needle cytology technique. This procedure was performed only in peripheral tumors. Positive diagnosis was obtained in 32 out of 36 cases (88.89%) of tumors less than 2 cm in diameter and 179 out 196 cases (91.33%) 2 cm or more in diameter. Twenty‐one cases showed false‐negative results for malignant diagnosis. There were two false‐positive cases, which were resected on a diagnosis of lung cancer that was later revised to inflammatory lesions. The specimens were apparently obtained from areas of severely atypical squamous metaplastic cells. Among 1, 758 procedures, 209 complications were observed. In conclusion, for the diagnosis of peripheral lung cancer, percutaneous needle cytology yields a high degree of diagnostic accuracy and is safe, rapid, and economical. Diagn Cytopathol 1986;2:277‐283.
Percutaneous fine‐needle aspiration biopsy in malignant lymphoma: A case report of an unusual cytologic presentation
Authors: Selvaggi Suzanne M. , Greco M. Alba , Fazzini Eugene 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA case of an elderly Hispanic male who presented with clinical findings suspicious for lymphoma and cytologic evidence suggestive of carcinoma is presented and discussed. Percutaneous fine‐needle aspiration biopsy of a group of mesenteric lymph nodes and a pleural fluid specimen showed clusters of tumor cells suggestive of carcinoma. Electron microscopic analysis of the pleural fluid showed comparable clusters of tumor cells, which proved to be lymphoma cells enveloped by macrophages. Histologic, electron microscopic, and histocytochemical examination of an enlarged inguinal lymph node confirmed the diagnosis of lymphoma with several alpha‐naphthyl acetate esterase‐positive macrophages interspersed among the tumor cells. To date, the phenomenon of macrophages enveloping lymphoma cells, so as to simulate tumor cell clustering, has not been reported. It is, however, an important possibility to keep in mind with cytologically distinguishing a lymphoma from a carcinoma. Diagn Cytopathol 1986;2:295‐300.
Fine‐needle aspiration biopsy of the pancreas: A study of 61 cases
Authors: Fekete Paul S. , Nunez Carlos , Pitlik Deborah A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEighty‐six fine‐needle aspirates (FNAs) of pancreas from 74 patients were reviewed. Histological confirmation or clinical follow‐up of the final diagnosis was available in 61 aspirates from 49 patients. Of 42 proven malignant cases, FNAs were diagnosed as positive in 21 (50%), suspicious in 4 (9.5%), negative in 12 (28.6%), and unsatisfactory in 5 (11.9%). Of 19 proven benign cases, FNAs were diagnosed as negative in 15 (78.9 %) and unsatisfactory in 4 (21%). This resulted in a 50% sensitivity, a 100% specificity, a diagnostic efficiency of 59%, a predictive value of a positive test of 100%, and a predictive value of a negative test of 55.6%. Thirty‐six primary pancreatic adenocarcinomas and six metastatic tumors to the pancreas were encountered. Benign cases were attributed to anatomical pancreatic variants, acute pancreatitis, abscess, chronic pancreatitis, and pseudocysts. Pancreatic FNA was safe, accurate, and relatively inexpensive, but it was relatively insensitive in the diagnosis of malignancy. Diagn Cytopathol 1986;2:301‐306.
Malignant lymphoma of convoluted lymphocytes: Diagnosis by fine‐needle aspiration cytology chemistry
Authors: Das Dilip K. , Gupta Subhash K. , Datta Usha , Sharma Suresh C. , Datta Bhoopendra N. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe technique of fine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) was utilized in the diagnosis of 31 cases of malignant lymphoma of convoluted lymphocytes. The age of the patients ranged from 5 to 70 yr (median, 24 yr). Clinical history was available in 29 cases. All patients had peripheral lymphadenopathy. There was radiological evidence of mediastinal adenopathy in 62% of the cases, and 41% had pleural effusion; 52% of the patients presented with mediastinal compression syndrome. The diagnostically crucial convoluted cells comprised 47.3 ± 23.73% of all lymphoid cells. Nuclear convolutions were appreciated in a significant number of cells in paraffin sections of 17 of 21 cases (85.7%) having subsequent histopathology. Cytochemical and E‐rosette tests performed in 17 cases confirmed the T cell nature of the neoplasms. On an average, 72.3% of cells showed focal positive reaction for acid phosphatase, and 73.8% of cells formed E‐rosettes. Diagn Cytopathol 1986;2:307‐311.
Cytopathology of fine‐needle aspiration biopsy of the brain and spinal cord
Authors: Silverman Jan F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe cytomorphologic findings of 37 intraoperative fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) biopsies are presented. Thirty‐two of the biopsies were performed at the time of craniotomy, and five were performed through a burr‐hole. All cases used direct smear preparations stained with Papanicolaou and modified Wright stain (Diff‐Quik®). Immediate evaluation of the Diff‐Quik‐stained smears was performed for assessment of the adequacy of the specimen, and in most cases, a rapid preliminary diagnosis (similar to a frozen‐section report) was rendered in the operating room. Cytopathologic features of anaplastic astrocytomas, glioblastoma multiforme, pituitary adenoma, meningioma, metastatic carcinoma, epidermoid cyst, herniated disc, hemangioblastoma, cerebral hemorrhage, and malignant lymphoma are described and illustrated. The cytologic preparation demonstrated superior cellular detail, which served as a considerable aid for diagnosis, and lacked the artifactural distortion often seen in the frozen‐section preparations. Reliance on the fine‐needle aspiration biopsy specimen enabled better triage of the small amount of tissue often available for permanent sections and special studies including electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry. Although not meant to replace tissue biopsy, FNA of the central nervous system through burr holes under radiologic guidance can be advantageous in selective cases. Diagn Cytology 1986;2:312‐319.
Cytopathology of extramedullary hemopoiesis in effusions and peritoneal washings: A report of three cases with immunohistochemical study
Authors: Yazdi Hossein M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe clinical, cytopathologic, and immunohistochemical features of three cases of extramedullary hemopoiesis are presented. Differentiation of megakaryocytes from malignant cells can be difficult in cytologic material; we believe familiarity with cytologic features of megakaryocytes, along with factor VIII‐related antigen immunoreactivity, is helpful in providing an accurate diagnosis. Diagn Cytopathol 1986;2:326‐329.
Chordoma: Diagnosis by fine‐needle aspiration biopsy with histologic, immunocytochemical, and ultrastructural confirmation
Authors: Finley James L. , Silverman Jan F. , Dabbs David J. , West Robert L. , Dickens Allen , Feldman Philip S. , Frable William J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFive cases of chordoma, diagnosed by fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy, are presented. Four cases were histologically confirmed, and in one, immunocytochemical and ultrastructural studies were performed on both the aspirate and tissue specimen. Four cases presented as sacral masses, while in the fifth case, a destructive lesion of the clivus extended into the soft tissues of the lateral neck. A spectrum of cytomorphologic features was encountered including the presence of abundant microtissue fragments and cells in a dissociate pattern, often with abundant metachromatic extracellular matrix. Stellate and cuboidal cells often contained intracytoplasmic vacuoles of varying sizes. Intranuclear inclusions, mitotic figures, and anisonucleosis were prominent features of several cases. Immunoperoxidase studies on a single case demonstrated cytoplasmic staining for low‐ and high‐molecular‐weight cytokeratins, vimentin, and epithelial membrane antigen, while glial fibrillary acidic protein and carcinoembryonic antigen were negative. Ultrastructural features included the presence of mitochondrial endoplasmic reticulum complexes, occasional desmosome‐like junctions, and abundant extracellular matrix adherent to the tumor cells. We believe the cytomorphologic findings are characteristic and, when taken in concert with immunocytochemical and ultrastructural studies, allow differentiation of chordoma from other primary or metastatic neoplasms occurring in bone. As demonstrated in our series, chordoma is often an unsuspected diagnosis. We believe that FNA biopsy of these lesions can lead to a correct preoperative diagnosis and may also be utilized to document recurrence and thus facilitate the evaluation and management of patients with these lesions. Diagn Cytopathol 1986;2:330–337.
Carcinoid tumors of the lung: Cytologic differential diagnosis in fine‐needle aspirates
Authors: Kim Kitai , Mah Chonggi , Dominquez Justo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPulmonary carcinoid tumors presenting as peripheral or coin lesions are rare and radiologically may resemble other primary or metastatic neoplasms in the lung. This study consisted of the cytologic evaluation of fine‐needle aspirates from five peripheral carcinoid tumors of the lung with particular reference to the differences between the cytologic manifestations of this neoplasm and of small‐cell carcinoma and well‐differentiated adenocarcinoma. Aspirates of typical carcinoid tumors are characterized by (1) isolated cells and loose aggregates of cells; (2) spindle‐ and oval‐shaped cells of uniform size with scanty, pale eosinophilic cytoplasm; and (3) nuclei with evenly dispersed finely granular chromatin and usually prominent single micronucleoli with occasional macronucleoli. In contrast, the cells of small‐cell carcinoma are pleomorphic and arranged in noncohesive loose aggregates, their cytoplasm is scanty, and they show nuclear molding. Their nuclei are hyperchromatic with fine to coarsely granular chromatin. The cells of well‐differentiated adenocarcinoma are arranged in three‐dimensional clusters or loose aggregates of relatively uniform cells with a columnar configuration. The nuclei are uniformly round and hyperchromatic with finely granular chromatin. Macronucleoli are usually prominent. This study demonstrates that cytologic analysis of fine‐needle aspirates can play a significant role in the evaluation and management of peripheral lung tumors. Diagn Cytopathol 1986;2:343–346.
The reliability of fine‐needle aspiration biopsy in the diagnosis of deep lesions of the lung and mediastinum: Experience with 250 cases using a modified technique
Authors: Young Geraldine P. , Young Irving , Cowan Daniel F. , Blei Rebecca L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwo‐hundred and fifty discrete lesions of the lung and mediastinum were sampled by a modified fine‐needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) technique. Aspirates were collected directly into 15 ml of Saccomanno's fixative, and all preparative work was carried out in the cytopathology laboratory. Only seven aspirates were “insufficient for diagnosis,” giving a productivity rate of 97%. Five insufficient aspirates later proved to be neoplasms. Of the 243 cases with a primary FNAB diagnosis, 21 had insignificant disease, 29 had benign neoplasms or nonneoplastic disease, and 193 had malignant tumors. Most malignancies could be assigned to a specific histologic type by FNAB; those that proved difficult by FNAB were usually difficult on histopathologic examination. There were no false‐positive diagnoses of malignancy and only eight false‐negative results. Of 12 results interpreted as “Suspicious,” 10 proved to be malignant on follow‐up. This modified method has proven to have a low complication rate and to be both highly productive and reliable in the diagnosis of malignant and nonmalignant disease. Diagn Cytopathol 1987;3:1–7.
Cytologic detection of malignancy in pleural effusion: A review of 5,255 samples from 3,811 patients
Authors: Hsu Chih 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA retrospective analysis of 5,255 pleural effusion specimens from 3,811 patients was undertaken to determine the accuracy of cytopathologic correlation with pleural biopsy, the detection rate of malignancy by cytology, and the frequency distribution of malignant effusions according to age group. The cytopathologic correlation was 96.5% accurate, with 0.1% false‐positive results and 0.18% false‐negative results by cytology. The sensitivity of cytologic detections was 6.7% higher than that of pleural biopsy. Frequency analysis showed that the incidence of carcinoma of the lung, the most common cause of malignant effusion, is not sex based. Adenocarcinoma of the lung was the most frequent type of malignancy found in pleural effusions. It represented 79% of lung carcinomas that metastasized to pleura, accounting for 40% of all malignant pleural effusions. In young adults, lymphoreticular malignancies were the most common cause of malignant effusions. Diagn Cytopathol 1987;3:8–12.
Fine‐needle aspiration cytology diagnosis of tuberculosis
Authors: Rajwanshi Arvind , Bhambhani Suresh , Das Dilip K. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFine‐needle aspiration cytology of lymph nodes and extranodal swellings in 160 cases showed granulomatous reaction with or without caseation necrosis in 83%. The material was acellular or predominantly composed of necrotic material, polymorphs, and lymphocytes in 17%. The age of the patient ranged from 1.5 to 72 yr. The male to female ratio was 1:1.3. Acid‐fast bacilli (AFB) could be demonstrated in 40.6% of cases. In cases associated with cellular reaction and necrosis, AFB positivity was 50.0%, while it was 66.7% in cases with acellular necrotic material. Diagn Cytopathol 1987;3:13–16.
Cytology and hormonal receptors in breast cancer
Authors: Lampertico P. , Stagni F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEven in advanced tumors of the breast, it may be interesting to know the steroid receptor status (RS) for therapeutic and prognostic purposes. When, for clinical reasons, surgical biopsy is not advisable, a morphologic technique may be attempted on cytological material. In the past few years, we have employed the cytochemical method described by Lee (RSf) on cytological material obtained from 31 primary and 34 secondary tumors; adequate material and follow‐up were available in 42 cases. Patients with positive results (strong and diffuse fluorescence of neoplastic cells) usually had better prognosis and longer disease‐free interval and total duration of disease. The majority of patients responded to endocrine manipulation. In contrast, weak positivity or negative results were associated with a poorer prognosis. If these results are confirmed in larger series of cases and for longer periods of observation, the morphological evaluation of RS on cytological material could significantly contribute to the management of breast cancer patients. Diagn Cytopathol 1986;2:17–23.
Nuclear and cell area measurements in the cytological evaluation of pleural effusions: A study of subjective assessments and morphometric measurements
Authors: Christensen Jan A. , Skaarland Elsa 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMorphometric measurements of cellular area, nuclear area and nuclear:cytoplasmatic ratio were performed on single cells in pleural effusions from 15 patients with effusion caused by bronchial, ovarian, or mammary carcinoma. The results were compared with corresponding measurements on mesothelial cells in pleural effusions from 15 patients without malignant disease. Significant differences were found between the mean values from cellular area, nuclear area, and nuclear:cytoplasmatic ratios in mesothelial cells from benign effusion versus malignant cells from effusions associated with metastatic growth. Such morphometric measurements are, however, of little value in routine diagnostic work as more than 90% of the cells in the two groups showed similar values. Diagn Cytopathol 1987;3:50–54.
Morphometric evaluation of histological sections of the thyroid gland in benign and malignant follicular lesions
Authors: De Santis M. , Sciarretta F. , Sudano L. , Donnorso R. Perrone 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA morphometric analysis was made on histological sections of thyroid tissue in various aspects of follicular cell pathologies (goiter, adenoma, and carcinoma) and in normal follicular cells. Three cases of each aspect and 150 cells of each case were measured. The results obtained demonstrate the importance of the nuclear area in the differential diagnosis of normal thyroid, goiter, adenoma, and carcinoma. The other parameters considered, i.e., perimeter, maximum diameter, and nuclear form factor, proved to be able to exclusively distinguish between benign lesions (normal thyroid, goiter and, adenoma) and malignant ones (carcinoma). Diagn Cytopathol 1987;3:60–67.