bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Outcomes of Implant-supported Fixed Dental Prosthesis for Full-mouth Rehabilitation Using Different Restorative Materials: A Systematic Review
Authors: Kumbhare Ruchita S. , Banerjee Rajlakshmi , Tekale Rahul , Jaiswal Priti , Patil Rohit , Torane Abhishek 
Published: April 2024

Introduction:
A fixed dental prosthesis supported by implants can be made from a variety of restorative materials for full-mouth rehabilitation. Since scientific study on the materials utilized has a variety of design features, evaluating the effects of various prosthetic materials on the oral environment is a challenge. Furthermore, the impact of prosthodontic material choice on the clinical outcome is still not entirely clear. The current systematic review’s goal was to examine how different restorative materials performed clinically in patients who were receiving fixed dental prosthesis (FDP) supported by implants.

Materials and Methods:
Using the developed search approach, a systematic electronic search was conducted. “Does the use of different restorative materials have any effect on the clinical outcomes of full-mouth rehabilitation with implant-supported fixed dental prosthesis?” was the main research question for this study, which was formulated using the Population, Intervention, Comparison and Outcome (PICO) framework.

Results:
Technical issues were far more common than biological ones, with “fracture of veneering material” and “fracture of framework” being the most frequent technical mishaps. The most common biological outcome was “marginal bone loss of 2 mm.”

Conclusions:
The clinical results of rehabilitation using implant-supported FDPs are significantly influenced by the prosthesis’s design and manufacturing process as well as the restorative material. To ascertain the use of innovative materials and specify their precise therapeutic indications with randomized clinical trials and extended follow-up, more comparative clinical investigations are needed.
Assessment of Awareness and Knowledge of Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders and Oral Cancer among Accredited Social Health Activist Workers from Randomly Selected Blocks of Thrissur District, Kerala, India: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Davis C Roma , Thomas Jubin , Akhil S. , Menon Sujith , Peter Ani John , Raj Amal 
Published: April 2024

Introduction:
Oral and oropharyngeal cancers are prevalent in the head-and-neck region, with global rates decreasing. However, in India, they are rising due to a lack of knowledge about risk factors and symptoms. The Indian government launched the National Health Mission to provide accessible, affordable, and reliable primary health care. Accredited social health activist (ASHA) workers can link health services to rural people. This study aimed to evaluate the awareness level among these workers about potentially malignant oral disorders and oral cancer (OC).

Materials and Methods:
A predesigned semi-structured questionnaire-based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 150 voluntary ASHA workers from randomly selected blocks of Thrissur district, Kerala, to collect the data.

Results:
Our study showed that the majority of ASHA workers (82.3%) were aware of the role of tobacco in OC. A substantial portion of workers (88.4%) expressed that early detection of OC is possible at its initial stage. Less than 10% (7.5%) of all the ASHA workers were educated by dentists, whereas almost three-quarters (75.5%) of ASHAs preferred primary health center health practitioners as primary representatives for early OC detection, despite their being poorly trained in the early diagnosis and detection of OC.

Conclusion:
India has made progress in controlling malignancies but still lags in reducing OC mortality rates. Spreading knowledge of contributory agents and early detection methods through ASHA workers could reduce the incidence and mortality of OC. Including more dentists in the public health system and training ASHA workers on early OC detection can play a major role in reducing its incidence.
A Comparative Evaluation of Gingival Depigmentation by Scalpel versus Diode Laser versus Electrosurgery: A Clinical In vivo Study
Authors: Biswas Subhradip , Padma R. , Kumar Vivek , Beldar Amol , Chandra Deepan , Lal Hira 
Published: April 2024

Context:
Melanin pigmentation of the gingiva exists in all ethnicities and genders. Demand for repigmentation is mainly for esthetic reasons. Gingival depigmentation is a mucogingival surgical procedure where depigmentation is done by various techniques. However, the selection of a method depends on the clinical experiences and individual preferences.

Aim:
The aim of the study is to compare the pain score using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and the recurrence rate of gingival pigmentation, using the three different techniques, i.e., scalpel, laser, and electrosurgery.

Settings and Design:
This randomized control trial was conducted on 30 systemically healthy patients divided into two groups.

Materials and Methods:
A split-mouth design was adopted and pigmentation was removed using scalpel and laser in Group I and scalpel and electrocautery in Group II. Dummett Oral Pigmentation Index scale and VAS were used to appraise the potency of hyperpigmentation and pain of the patient, respectively.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Independent t-test was used for the comparisons. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
The pain intensity was up high in patients treated with scalpel compared to laser and electrocautery, which was statistically highly significant.

Conclusion:
The findings suggest that laser depigmentation still serves to be the best modality considering the bloodless field and reduced postoperative pain.
Application of Sanitation Safety Planning in the Usage of Wastewater for Agriculture in Bangalore Urban District, India
Authors: Gnanaselvam Nancy A. , Goud B. Ramakrishna 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Context:
Due to water scarcity, wastewater is used in agriculture in peri-urban areas.

Aims and Settings:
We aimed to assess the hazards associated with wastewater farming and develop an incremental improvement plan for the sanitation system of wastewater use for agriculture using Sanitation Safety Planning (SSP) in Bangalore urban district, India.

Methods:
Interviews and observations were conducted among 100 farmers in the Mugalur Gram Panchayat area.

Results:
Direct ingestion and ingestion after contact with wastewater due to inadequate hand hygiene are the routes of contact with wastewater. The control measures followed in the community are the cultivation of crops, which do not have direct contact with wastewater, furrow and drip irrigation, and restricted irrigation. Methods to mitigate the hazards are the provision of interval between final irrigation and consumption,washing of produce with freshwater before transportation to market, and hygienic cooking.

Conclusion:
Occupational hazards and risks associated with wastewater farming can be mitigated through the adoption of locally acceptable preventive measures.
Evaluation of Eye Safety Protocol in the Dental Office
Authors: Nimma Vijayalaxmi , Bayani Maitri , Lingam Amara S. , Ramaswami Easwaran , Reddy Lavanya , Kadam Sonali 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background:
Ocular health is significant as undetected and untreated eye conditions can lead to vision loss and blindness. Usually, dentists, dental assisting staff, and patients undergoing frequent dental corrections are likely affected by eye injuries.

Methods:
This survey aimed to evaluate eye safety protocols in the dental fraternity. A prevalidated questionnaire was given to practicing graduate and postgraduate dentists to obtain details of the eye safety protocol they adopted.

Results:
A total of 150 dentists approached; only 125 chose to participate in the survey and answered our questionnaire. Although most dentists used eye protection for themselves, primarily personal eyeglasses and face shields, eye injury was quite common in them.

Conclusion:
Data from this study revealed that the use of eye safety practices among the respondents could be improved. Clinicians should be aware that they are responsible for providing adequate eye protection for themselves and their assisting staff and patients.
Investigation of the Adverse Health Effects of Cell Phone Radiation and Propose Solutions to Minimize Them: A Systematic Review
Authors: Elyasi Hadis , Ghanbari Masoud , Nadri Farshad 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Today, mobile phones are one of the most common devices emitting electromagnetic radiation and are available to more than seven billion people in different age groups around the world. The effects of electromagnetic radiation on biological systems have been studied for several years. In this systematic review to find relevant articles, international databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science, and Cochrane were used since 2007–2022 by selecting appropriate keywords. The result revealed that exposure to cell phone radiation can lead to disturb in the metabolic activity of the cerebellum by increasing the migration of granulosa cells, decrease the water around the fetus in pregnant women, decrease in the number of blood plates, increasing levels of ALT and AST that they are the key biomarkers of liver damage, decrease of phagocytosis and induced apoptosis of neutrophils, changes at the level of glucose and even at the microscopic level of pancreas this may be a predisposing factor for diabetes, increment in tissue temperature in all depth of the brain tissue, EMF increase the volume, weight, and atresia follicles of the ovaries of the children, also it can cause oxidative stress, DNA fragmentation, etc. Mobile phone radiation is harmful and depends on its intensity, frequency, wave type, and exposure duration. It can cause different biological effects in humans. Due to the uncertainty of the results and mechanism of the effect of these waves, research in this field is still ongoing.
Heredity and Forensic Implications of Lip Prints among Indian Twins and Non-Twin Siblings: A Cheiloscopy Study
Authors: Thete Sanjay G. , Shetiya Nidhi Vaibhav , Gadakh Mahesh Arjun , Shele Sweta Prakash , Ghorpade Rutuja Babanrao , Shah Pakhi Piyush 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
This study aimed to assess the lip prints of Indian twins and non-twin siblings to evaluate the existence of heredity in the lip prints of these individuals.

Materials and Methods:
The study employed a blind, cross-sectional, quantitative approach with an inductive method and extensive direct observation. The sample consisted of 30 twins and 30 non-twin siblings, divided into three groups based on gender with 10 subjects in each subgroup. All participants were aged between 10 and 30 years and were instructed on the methods and techniques involved in the study.

Results:
The lip prints of participants were recorded using dark-colored lipstick, bond paper, cellophane tape, and a brush, and were examined for lip thickness measurement (in mm), classification of lip commissures, and assessment of groove patterns. The findings were then analyzed to determine the pattern of lip prints among twins and non-twin siblings.

Conclusion:
Cheiloscopy, the forensic investigation technique based on lip trace identification, could benefit from this study’s findings as it explores the existence of heredity in lip prints of Indian twins and non-twin siblings.
An In Vivo Study to Evaluate and Compare Anxiety and Behavior Management of Pediatric Patients Using Distraction Techniques
Authors: Jyoti Divya , Shams Saleh Abuzer , Anand Prerna , Sagar Swati , Raj Nandita , Singh Surbhi 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Aim:
To compare the efficacy of virtual reality (VR) glasses and on-screen distraction techniques in managing anxiety and behavior in children receiving dental treatments.

Materials and Methods:
Forty patients aged 4–8 years requiring restoration were divided into two groups: group I with 20 members using audio-visual distraction aid in the form of VR glasses and group II with 20 participants utilizing on-screen distraction techniques. Each child underwent two appointments one week apart; their anxiety and behavior levels were assessed at each visit using the Facial Image Scale and Frankel’s Behavior rating scale.

Result:
The Wilcoxon signed-rank and Chi-squared test were utilized to assess the correlation between two categorical variables, with VR demonstrating a notable divergence from on-screen distraction.

Conclusions:
Both on-screen distraction and VR applications decreased anxiety levels and improved behavior. However, VR was substantially more effective in managing these areas.
The prevalence and patterns of common chief complaints among patients at Taif University Dental Hospital, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alqarni Ali , AlHarthi Shaimaa , Felemban Mohammed , Abed Hassan , Shukr Bandar , Al-Johani Khalid , AlShamrani Ammar , Sharka Rayan 
Published: April 2024

Background:
The primary reasons for individuals seeking dental care, often referred to as chief complaints (CC), have significant importance in the process of gathering patient histories and devising treatment strategies before commencing treatment.

Aim:
The aim of this study was to assess and describe the prevalence and patterns of CC among a sample of dental patients attending the University Dental Hospital (UDH) at Taif University, Taif City, Saudi Arabia, and also to examine the association between the type of CC and gender and age.

Settings and Design:
This study was a retrospective study.

Materials and Methods:
The process of data extraction and organization included the use of a standardized form. The form primarily consisted of demographic characteristics, including age and sex, as well as CC. The dataset comprises information gathered from a sample of 900 dental patients who sought treatment at the dental clinics of the UDH at Taif University during the period from September 2022 to December 2022.

Statistical Analysis:
All statistical analyses were conducted using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software, version 17 (Chicago Inc.).

Results:
The most primary complaints stated by patients were related to dental pain and the need for restorative procedures, involving 83.7% of the total number of visits. Dental pain was the most common CC (48.4%), followed by teeth restorations (35.3%), a routine checkup (6.6%), tooth cleaning (6.3%), and others (3.3%). There was a significant association between the CCs and the patient’s age and gender (P < 0.001).

Conclusions:
The findings of this study highlight the importance of acquiring an accurate CC. Moreover, dental pain and the need for restorative procedures were identified as the key reasons for seeking dental care.
A retrospective cohort study of myocarditis prevalence and diagnosis in Al‐Baha region, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alghamdi Ruba A. , Alyahyawi Hanan E. , Albanghali Mohammad A. , Almalki Shaia Saleh Rajab 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Carditis describes heart inflammation with a variety of symptoms ranging from mild chest pain to cardiac shock or even sudden death. Myocarditis will result in heart failure (HF) in around 12%–17% of adults, with a death rate of approximately 8.4/100,000. The causatives of myocarditis include viral, bacterial, fungal, and protozoan infections.

Aims:
This retrospective cohort study aimed to statistically analyze the prevalence and diagnosis of myocarditis and other cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) among admitted patients to Al-Baha Hospitals in Saudi Arabia.

Setting and Design:
The study involved 384 patients diagnosed with CVDs at Al-Baha Hospital between January 2017 and December 2022.

Statistical Analysis and Results:
Overall, patients’ ages ranged from 25 to 94 years, averaging 59 ± 14. The majority of patients with different CVDs were aged between 41 and 70 years (69% myocardial infarction (MI), 48% HF, and 56% heart block). Most of the patients were male (80%), and 90% of the participants were Saudis. The incidence of CVDs showed a gradual increase between 2017 and 2019 and a dramatic increase in 2020 and 2022 compared to other years. The analysis included the most common laboratory markers aimed for the diagnosis. The result of the study showed an increase in lactate dehydrogenase (91%), creatine kinase (CK) (95%), CK-myocardial band (93%), aspartate aminotransferase (94%), and white blood cells (89%) of the patients who were diagnosed with MI compared to the other CVDs.

Conclusions:
It is important to note that while electrocardiogram, complete blood count, and cardiac profile form the core of the diagnostic protocol, additional diagnostic measures may be considered depending on the specific circumstances.
Outcome of Cancer Patients with an Unplanned Intensive Care Unit Admission: Predictors of Mortality and Long-term Survival
Authors: AlSaied Ghiath , Lababidi Hani , AlHawdar Taher , AlZahrani Saud , AlMotairi Abdullah , AlMaani Mohamad 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background:
Understanding the characteristics and outcomes of cancer patients with unplanned ICU admission is imperative for therapeutic decisions and prognostication purposes.

Objective:
To describe the clinical characteristics of patients with hematological and non-hematological malignancies (NHM) who require unplanned ICU admission and to determine the predictors of mortality and long-term survival.

Methods:
This retrospective study included all patients with cancer who had an unplanned ICU admission between 2011 and 2016 at a tertiary hospital in Saudi Arabia. The following variables were collected: age, gender, ICU length of stay (LOS), APACHE II score, type of malignancy, febrile neutropenia, source and time of admission, and need for mechanical ventilation (MV), renal replacement therapy (RRT), and treatment with vasopressors (VP). Predictors of mortality and survival rates at 28 days and 3, 6, and 12 months were calculated.

Results:
The study included 410 cancer patients with 466 unplanned ICU admissions. Of these, 52% had NHM. The average LOS in the ICU was 9.6 days and the mean APACHE score was 21.9. MV was needed in 73% of the patients, RRT in 15%, and VP in 24%, while febrile neutropenia was present in 24%. There were statistically significant differences between survivors and non-survivors in the APACHE II score (17.7 ± 8.0 vs. 25.6 ± 9.2), MV use (52% vs. 92%), need for RRT (6% vs. 23%), VP use (42% vs. 85%), and presence of febrile neutropenia (18% vs. 30%). The predictors of mortality were need for MV (OR = 4.97), VP (OR = 3.43), RRT (OR = 3.31), and APACHE II score (OR = 1.10). Survival rates at 28 days, 3, 6, and 12 months were 52%, 28%, 22%, and 15%, respectively.

Conclusion:
The survival rate of cancer patients with an unplanned admission to the ICU remains low. Predictors of mortality include need for MV, RRT, and VP and presence of febrile neutropenia. About 85% of cancer patients died within 1 year after ICU admission.
Use of Child Safety Seat and its Determinants in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Al-Wassia Heidi Kamal , Bokhari Omar K. , Aljahdali Mohammed A. , Bawazier Mohammad AN. , Basheikh Mohammad AB. , Alsheekh Mansour A. , Alandunesi Yazeed T. , Hakeem Mohammad N. , Bamehrez Maha Y. , Meisha Dalia E. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background:
A child safety seat protects children from injury during motor vehicle accidents (MVAs). However, there is a lack of enforcement of regulation regarding its use in Saudi Arabia.

Objectives:
This study aimed to determine the use of child safety seat and its determinants and barriers in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional study was based on a structured face-to-face interview across Jeddah among families who drove in cars with children aged ≤5 years. The study used stratified multistage random sampling across the population of the governorate of Jeddah.

Results:
A total of 675 parents were included, of which 311 (46.1%) reported having a child safety seat in their vehicle, and only 165 (24.4%) reported its regular use. Awareness levels among parents regarding child safety seat use and its benefits, parents’ level of education, family size, family income, and the belief in the need for laws governing child safety seat were key determinants of child safety seat use. Poor awareness among parents regarding the utility of child safety seat in reducing child injuries, low education levels among parents, larger families with multiple children, poor affordability, low family income, and a clear lack of laws mandating the use of child safety seat were identified as key barriers.

Conclusions:
The regular use of child safety seat for children aged ≤5 years is low in even one of the most urban populations of Saudi Arabia. This indicates the need for large-scale awareness drives and stricter implementation of laws enforcing the use of child safety seat in Saudi Arabia.
Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection Associated with Pulmonary Hemorrhage: A Case Report
Authors: Alali Rudaynah A. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Spontaneous coronary artery dissection is becoming an important cause of acute coronary syndrome, particularly among young women. Its association with female gender, pregnancy, and postpartum period and emotional stress differentiate it from atherosclerotic heart disease. In recent years, there has been more awareness and improved diagnostic and management capabilities, which in turn has increased the diagnostic yield, although knowledge gaps remain. In the present case, a 36-year-old female, who was at 1-month postpartum period, presented with ventricular fibrillation and cardiac arrest. The clinical course was associated with pulmonary hemorrhage. The patient had no current atherosclerotic risk factors, only a family history of sudden cardiac arrest in her mother and sister. She underwent a coronary angiogram, which revealed spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) in both the left anterior descending and left circumflex artery. Percutaneous coronary intervention was performed but the clinical course was associated with pulmonary hemorrhage. Bronchopulmonary lavage was performed as a diagnostic and therapeutic intervention, and she was discharged in good health. SCAD is an important differential diagnosis in young females presenting with acute coronary syndrome or cardiac arrest. Early recognition and diagnosis are important to decrease the high mortality rate of this disease.