bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ab initio reaction path for cisplatin interaction with L‐cysteine and L‐methionine
Authors: Da Silva Valdilei José , Costa Luiz Antônio S. , Dos Santos Hélio F. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractAb initio calculations are used to track the reaction pathway of interaction between cisplatin and the sulfur‐containing amino acids cysteine (Cys) and methionine (Met). Structures of all reactive species as well as thermodynamic and kinetic properties were calculated and discussed based on the role played by the level of theory. Twenty‐three different levels of theory were examined including HF, DFT, and perturbation theory at MP2 and MP4(SDQ) orders. The rate constant for a second‐order associative ligand exchange mechanism (k2) was calculated by means of transition state theory. This quantity is quite sensitive to small fluctuation of activation free energy, therefore is a good benchmark to assess the performance of different methods of calculations. The k2 values predicted by DFT methods were in best agreement with experiment, found equal to (102k2 in M−1 s−1) 3.42 for Met (PBE1PBE) and 1.90 for Cys (B3P86). The experimental values are 3.6 and 2.2 for Met and Cys, respectively. The solvent effect plays a primary role to the kinetic properties, accounting for ∼30% of the activation Gibbs free energy. The outcomes from the present study promptly show the adequacy of distinct theoretical approaches to describe the reactivity of cisplatin, thus might be useful for further studies involving other Pt(II) complexes. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2008
On an output‐feedback stabilization problem with uncertainty in the relative degree
Authors: Bartolini Giorgio , Pisano Alessandro , Usai Elio 
Published: August 2007

AbstractThis paper deals with an output‐feedback finite‐time control problem for a class of nonlinear uncertain systems whose relative degree is affected by an uncertain system parameter and is therefore unknown at the stage of control design. We show that an existing second‐order sliding mode control algorithm can address successfully the control task of a finite‐time output‐feedback stabilization when the uncertain relative degree is equal to 1 or 2. We derive constructive tuning rules for the control parameters and show its effectiveness by using computer simulations. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sediment chemistry and nutrient influx in a hydrologically restored bottomland hardwood forest in Midwestern USA
Authors: Zhang Li , Mitsch William J. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractExchanges of total N and C between a river and its floodplain forest have been enhanced by sedimentation processes during flood pulses at a 5‐ha bottomland hardwood forest located at the Olentangy River Wetland Research Park in central Ohio. In the spring of 2000, the forest was hydrologically restored by notching an artificial levee that had separated the Olentangy River and its floodplain forest for 100 years. One‐hundred flat sediment traps (30 cm × 30 cm) were used to collect sediment samples during spring/summer flooding events from 2003 to 2005. Results showed that sediment deposition is determined by the landscape variability during flooding events, Net sediment deposit in the wettest area averaged 134 ± 12 g‐dry wt m−2 in 2003, 127 ± 17 g‐dry wt m−2 in 2004 and 149 ± 23 g‐dry wt m−2 in 2005. Total N and C sedimentation ranged from 0.49 to 0.92 g‐N m−2 and 5.2 to 19.9 g‐C m−2. Fe dominates the sediment chemistry and results show the elemental abundance in the order of Al > Fe > Ca > K > Mg > S > P > Na > Mn > Zn > B > Cu > Mo. A hydrologic pulsing index (HPI) could be used as an indicator for mass changes of energies with hydrologic pulsing events. Restoration of seasonally flooded bottomland forests could stimulate potentially large nutrient and Fe releases, which would eventually lead to an enhanced forest productivity and biodiversity. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Volume Change Measurements of Rice by Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy and Stereoscopy
Authors: Tang Xiaohu , De Rooij Mario , De Jong Liesbeth 
Published: August 2007

AbstractThe measurement of volume change, which is induced by changing the relative humidity, is performed on rice by using environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM) and stereoscopy techniques. The typical ΔV%∼RH curve of rice in both sorption and desorption can be categorized into three regions: low, intermediate, and high dependence on relative humidity from low‐ to high‐relative humidity. The volume changes faster for rice samples with lower crystallinity, which is because the amorphous component is easier to absorb moisture than the crystalline component. The volume change behavior in various relative humidity environments is comparable with rice isotherm curve in sorption process though discrepancies exist in desorption, which are thought to be the presence of small pores and microstructure changes at high relative humidity. The volume in the desorption branch is less than that in the sorption branch at the same relative humidity, which can be attributed to the collapse of interior structures, existence of small pores, surface topography loss, and amylose leach. SCANNING 29: 197‐205, 2007. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A Study on Central Moments of the Histograms from Scanning Electron Microscope Charging Images
Authors: Tan Y. Y. , Sim K. S. , Tso C. P. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractThis paper presents a study on using the statistical parameter, central moment, to describe the properties of the histograms of scanning electron microscope (SEM) images. Various charging effects of SEM images and the corresponding histogram profiles are analyzed. The central moment distributions are used to describe the overview of the histograms of an image. The results show that central moments can be used to quantify and characterize the charging images. In particular, the second moment (variance) and third moment (skewness) can be used to distinguish the differences between charging and noncharging images. SCANNING 29: 211‐218, 2007. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Urban primary‐grade children think and talk science: Curricular and instructional practices that nurture participation and argumentation
Authors: Varelas Maria , Pappas Christine C. , Kane Justine M. , Arsenault Amy , Hankes Jennifer , Cowan Begoña Marnotes 
Published: August 2007

AbstractWe focus on the concept of matter and explore how young children in urban schools bridge their spontaneous concepts and everyday experiences with scientific concepts introduced to them by children's literature information books and their teacher. The study shows how material artifacts used in a sorting activity became ideational tools—semiotic devices that promoted children's engagement with science and shaped the classroom discourse, thinking, and transactions. “Ambiguous” objects, such as a baggie with air, shaving cream, a baggie of salt that children were asked to sort, encouraged them to debate ideas about states of matter. Children used four ways of reasoning about states of matter: macroscopic properties, prototypes, everyday functions, and process of elimination. Furthermore, children's meaning making was intertwined with various socio‐organizational aspects of inquiry—the ways in which children negotiated their roles within their group and in whole‐class sessions, how they worked with each other, how their ideas were heard by others. We discuss how curricular and instructional approaches that do not lead children to one specific answer or way of thinking become catalysts for the creation of discursive spaces, where children and teacher engage in meaning making in the midst of ambiguity and confusion. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Sci. Ed 92:65–95, 2008
Describing and analyzing learning in action: An empirical study of the importance of misconceptions in learning science
Authors: Hamza Karim M. , Wickman Per‐Olof 
Published: August 2007

AbstractAlthough misconceptions in science have been established in interview studies, their role during the learning process is poorly examined. In this paper, we use results from a classroom study to analyze to what extent nonscientific ideas in electrochemistry that students report in interviews enter into their learning in a more authentic setting. We audio‐recorded talk between eight pairs of Swedish upper secondary students during a practical on electrochemical cells. Learning was operationalized on a discursive level as a description of what students do and say when taking part in an activity. This enabled an analysis of how encounters with misconceptions influenced the development of students' reasoning, compared to other encounters during the learning experience. Misconceptions did not constrain the development of students' reasoning. Rather, their reasoning developed in response to the contingencies of the specific situation. When misconceptions were encountered, they appeared as alternatives and questions not actively defended. Sometimes, encounters with these misconceptions were generative of the students' reasoning. The results indicate that demonstrating misconceptions in interviews is not enough to assume that they interfere with learning in other contexts. Educational implications and future lines of research based on these findings and on the methodology applied are discussed. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Sci Ed 92:141–164, 2008
Students' predictions about the sensory properties of chemical compounds: Additive versus emergent frameworks
Authors: Talanquer Vicente 
Published: August 2007

AbstractWe investigated general chemistry students' intuitive ideas about the expected properties of the products of a chemical reaction. In particular, we analyzed college chemistry students' predictions about the color, smell, and taste of the products of chemical reactions represented at the molecular level. The study was designed to explore the extent to which novice learners intuitively use an additive framework to predict the properties of the product, rather than an approach that recognizes the emergent nature of the properties of chemical compounds. To this end, we used a mixed‐methods research approach based on answers to multiple‐choice questions and individual interviews with students enrolled in the first year of an introductory general chemistry course for science and engineering majors. Our results indicate that most students at this level rely on an additive heuristic to predict the properties of chemical compounds, overlooking the possibility of emergent properties resulting from the interaction of the atoms that compose the system. Chemistry instructors and chemical educators thus need to intentionally design learning opportunities for students to recognize and differentiate additive and emergent properties in a variety of contexts. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Sci. Ed 92:96–114, 2008
Creative activity support by discovering effective combinations
Authors: Nishihara Yoko , Sunayama Wataru , Yachida Masahiko 
Published: August 2007

AbstractCreative activities based on combinations are now being carried on everywhere in the world. Whether or not the creative activity succeeds depends on the combinations used in it. Since there are tremendous numbers of candidate combinations, it is impossible to decide at a glance which should be used. Thus, there must be a method of efficiently discovering combinations which are effective in making creative activity a success. This paper proposes a method of discovering combinations that is effective in supporting creative activity. In the proposed method, the originality of each combination and the novelty perceived by users are estimated from the number of hits on Web pages containing the keywords in question, and the effectiveness of the combinations is judged. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Comp Jpn, 38(12): 99–111, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/scj.20392
Implementation and evaluation of context‐aware agent framework
Authors: Yamasaki Tomohiro , Cho Kenta , Okamoto Masayuki , Okamoto Yuzo , Hattori Masanori 
Published: August 2007

AbstractWe implemented UPA, a framework for building a context‐aware system which supports a user in the ubiquitous environment. Using this framework facilitates the maintaining of sensor information acquired from various devices, user tastes, and context as action histories, and to follow changes of user tastes and context by acquiring a feedback whether a user was actually provided with suitable content. In the research reported in this paper, we evaluated UPA by using an application built with UPA. We confirmed that the cost of system building by developers is greatly reduced, and that UPA achieves the realistic performance as a framework for building a context‐aware system. We also investigated bottlenecks of the application and obtained insights about the improvement of UPA. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Comp Jpn, 38(12): 86–98, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/scj.20623
Topic‐based language models using Dirichlet Mixtures
Authors: Sadamitsu Kugatsu , Mishina Takuya , Yamamoto Mikio 
Published: August 2007

AbstractWe propose a generative text model using Dirichlet Mixtures as a distribution for parameters of a multinomial distribution, whose compound distribution is Polya Mixtures, and show that the model exhibits high performance in application to statistical language models. In this paper, we discuss some methods for estimating parameters of Dirichlet Mixtures and for estimating the expectation values of the a posteriori distribution needed for adaptation, and then compare them with two previous text models. The first conventional model is the Mixture of Unigrams, which is often used for incorporating topics into statistical language models. The second one is LDA (Latent Dirichlet Allocation), a typical generative text model. In an experiment using document probabilities and dynamic adaptation of n‐gram models for newspaper articles, we show that the proposed model, in comparison with the two previous models, can achieve a lower perplexity at low mixture numbers. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Comp Jpn, 38(12): 76– 85, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/scj.20629
Generating facial expressions of another person based on estimation of muscular contraction parameters from face image
Authors: Ahn Seonju , Ozawa Shinji 
Published: August 2007

AbstractWe aim to generate facial expressions of various persons more naturally and without any markers and feature lines. We propose a new approach to estimating muscular contraction parameters for the purpose of generating facial expressions. The muscles of the face are commonly known as the muscles of facial expression. The facial expressions of a human are generated by muscle movements inside the face. If the muscle‐based facial model that Waters proposed is used, facial expressions can be generated by muscular contraction parameters. In this paper, first, the facial surface feature points of the face images are detected by image‐processing methods. Next, the muscular contraction parameters are estimated by the neutral expression and arbitrary expression displacement of the facial model wireframe fitting, based on detected facial surface feature points. Finally, the facial expression is generated by the vertex displacements of an individual facial model based on estimated muscular contraction parameters. Experimental results reveal that our approach can generate various facial expressions of the individual facial model, which corresponds to the facial expression of the actual face image. Additionally, we can generate the facial expressions of another person by using the muscular contraction parameters of that person in an individual facial model. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Comp Jpn, 38(12): 66–75, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/scj.20647
A geometric method for calibration of internal camera parameters of fish‐eye lenses
Authors: Komagata Hideki , Ishii Ikuo , Takahashi Akira , Wakatsuki Daisuke , Imai Hiroei 
Published: August 2007

AbstractFish‐eye cameras (cameras with a fish‐eye lens) have a very wide view angle of about 180° and a great depth of field. Therefore, it is possible to take pictures of broad scenes with a fixed posture, and it is suitable for uses like 3D modeling and surveillance cameras for indoor and outdoor environments. Geometrical and optical calibration of the internal parameters are necessary for improvement of the measuring accuracy in the real world. In this paper, we address the geometrical calibration problem. Some geometrical methods for calibration of the internal camera parameters of fish‐eye cameras force the eye camera into a perspective model that is not applicable in wide views of 180° or more. We propose a calibration method using spherical projection and projection models, which combine the projection function of the fish‐eye lens and geometrical distortion models. Our method can perform calibration quickly and with high accuracy by using patterns of horizontal and vertical parallel lines shown on a liquid crystal display (LCD), which can display such patterns with high accuracy. We show the effectiveness of our method by an experimental evaluation with a fish‐eye camera of orthographic projection type, which obtains high resolution near the edges of the imaging area. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Comp Jpn, 38(12): 55–65, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/scj.20685
Dependable communication using multiple network paths on fast long‐distance networks
Authors: Kodama Yuetsu , Kudoh Tomohiro , Shimizu Toshiyuki 
Published: August 2007

AbstractFor mission critical jobs in distributed computing, a network with a low packet loss rate and no failures is required. The multiple paths method has been studied as a means to achieve dependable communication with tolerable failures. It recovers from failures on a network using the same packet on another path. Since the speed of a long‐distance network becomes faster, dependable communication that tolerates network latency becomes more important. We built a prototype system of a multiple paths method supporting Gigabit Ethernet speed using GtrcNET‐1, a gigabit network testbed. We evaluated it and confirmed that it can continuously communicate even if a path fails, and it achieved a packet loss rate as low as the product of packet loss rates on both paths. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Comp Jpn, 38(12): 46–54, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/scj.20807
Power‐aware optimization of CPU and frequency allocation based on fairness of QoS
Authors: Harada Fumiko , Ushio Toshimitsu , Nakamoto Yukikazu 
Published: August 2007

AbstractIn embedded real‐time systems, it is important to reduce energy consumption in order to achieve efficient energy utilization. Many investigations have focused on Quality of Service (QoS) control, which adapts the resource consumption of task execution by adapting the QoS of the tasks. In our past work, fairness of QoS has been focused on in the QoS adaptation control methods we have proposed. In this paper, a CPU clock cycle and frequency allocation problem, whose objectives are to minimize the energy consumption for task execution and to maximize the QoS while guaranteeing fairness of QoS, is formulated as a multiobjective optimization problem. We also propose to obtain a Pareto‐optimal solution of the problem by using the weighted‐sum optimization method. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Comp Jpn, 38(12): 37–45, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/scj.20819
Acquisition of synonyms using relations in product specification tables
Authors: Seki Tsunehito , Shimada Kazutaka , Endo Tsutomu 
Published: August 2007

AbstractIn this paper, we propose a method for acquisition of synonyms from product specifications. Product specifications are presented in tabular form. We utilize structure information, such as attribute‐value pairs, for the acquisition process. First, we extract target words from attributes in specifications for the acquisition process and then vectorize the words using words in their value field. Next we compress the vector space by using Latent Semantic Indexing (LSI). Finally, we classify the words by using a k‐means method. The k‐means methods have some problems, such as initial clusters in the first step and the number of appropriate clusters. We solve the problems by using domain‐knowledge and statistical information. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Comp Jpn, 38(12): 25–36, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience. wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/scj.20827
Image estimation of words based on adjective co‐occurrences
Authors: Shimizu Kouhei , Hagiwara Masafumi 
Published: August 2007

AbstractIn natural language, words convey various impressions such as “kurai (dark)‐akarui (bright)” or “kitanai (dirty)‐utsukushii (beautiful).” Impressions play an important role in inferring the speaker's intentions or feelings. Systems that use natural language to support conceptualization or retrieve information by teaching the computer the impressions of words are growing significantly. Therefore, in this paper, the authors propose a technique for estimating the impressions or images that words convey. The proposed technique consists of two processes: similarity measurement and spatial positioning. Similarity measurement uses the enormous amount of text on the Internet to obtain similarities by measuring the co‐occurrence frequency of words. Co‐occurrence conditions, which are limited to the joint co‐occurrences of adjectives or adjectival nouns, are applied to image estimation. Spatial positioning positions words in space by quantifying the similarities that were obtained according to images. The authors used a simulation of an electrical circuit for quantification. The results of evaluation experiments verified that the proposed system could estimate the images of words with high precision. It was also apparent that the proposed system could estimate the images with sufficient precision even for words that were difficult to analyze because of the insufficient number of samples in an existing corpus, including new words and colloquial words or slang. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Comp Jpn, 38(12): 14–24, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/scj.20853
Web‐application composition through direct editing of Web documents and multiplexing of information access scenarios
Authors: Fujima Jun , Tanaka Yuzuru 
Published: August 2007

AbstractIn order to support user information retrieval on the Web, a framework is needed in which a user can define various types of data links as necessary by extracting only the necessary components from a Web application and then create a new compound document. This compound document refers to a document that includes services and tools embedded in it. In this research, the authors propose a framework which allows for clipping the structural elements of a Web application and directly manipulating the data linkages using formulas. As a result, the user can clip these components into cells from different Web applications, and then by linking them, create a unique compound document. Moreover, the authors provide a framework for cloning the clipped cells in order to compare the results of various different searches. Furthermore, in this paper the authors describe a method to use a word processing document or spreadsheet as a destination for embedding the clipped components, and function linking for these documents and the clipped cells. As a result, the created custom complex document can be reused and shared more easily. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Comp Jpn, 38(12): 1–13, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/scj.20861