bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Primary ACL Reconstruction on Career Longevity in English Premier League and Championship Soccer Players Compared With Uninjured Controls: A Matched Cohort Analysis
Authors: Borque Kyle A. , Laughlin Mitzi S. , Hugo Pinheiro Vítor , Ngo Dylan , Kent Madison , Balendra Ganesh , Jones Mary , Williams Andy 
Published: March 2024

Background: Because of the multitude of variables that affect the retirement decisions of professional soccer players, it has proven difficult to isolate the effect of undergoing anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR) on career longevity. Purpose: To compare the career longevity of professional soccer players after a primary ACLR with that of an uninjured matched control cohort. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A retrospective review of a consecutive series of primary ACLR was performed between 2008 and 2018 in professional male soccer players from the senior author's practice. Each athlete with ACLR was matched to 3 control athletes who had not undergone ACLR according to age, league, playing position, and preinjury game appearances/minutes played. Player career statistics—including league, game appearances, and game minutes—were compiled for each year until retirement or July 1, 2022. Results: A total of 82 soccer players in the English Premier League or Championship at the time of their primary ACLR were matched to 246 control athletes. The mean career length after ACLR was 6 ± 2.6 years, while that of the matched control athletes was 7.6 ± 2.8 years ( P < .001). After primary ACLR, an athlete had a 2 times greater chance of retirement compared with the matched control athlete (hazard ratio, 2.19; P < .001). At 5 years after ACLR, 16% of athletes had retired from professional soccer, while 8.5% of the matched cohort were retired ( P = .060). By 10 years, 72% of the ACLR cohort had retired compared with 43% of the matched cohort ( P < .001). Forwards were more likely to have shortened careers compared with goalkeepers ( P = .021); however, no significant differences were observed between midfielders, defenders, and forwards. Within the ACLR cohort, a contralateral ACL tear during the athlete's career caused a 2.30 times ( P = .022) increased chance of retirement compared with athletes with only 1 ACL tear during their career. Mechanism of injury, meniscal pathology, graft rerupture, and chondral lesions did not affect career length. Conclusion: Professional male soccer players who underwent ACLR had decreased career length by approximately 1.6 years compared with a matched player cohort.
Association between time to colonoscopy after positive fecal testing and colorectal cancer outcomes in Alberta, Canada
Authors: Brenner Darren R , Carbonell Chantelle , Xu Linan , Nemecek Nicole , Yang Huiming 
Published: March 2024

Objective To quantify the associations between time to colonoscopy after a positive fecal immunochemical test (FIT+) and colorectal cancer (CRC)-related outcomes in the context of a provincial, population-based CRC screening program. Setting Population-based, retrospective cohort study in Alberta, Canada, including Albertans aged 50–74 with at least one FIT+ in 2014–2017. Methods Study outcomes were CRC diagnosis after a FIT+ and a diagnostic follow-up colonoscopy in 2014–2019 and CRC stage at diagnosis. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to evaluate the relative risk of any CRC or advanced-stage CRC. Results were presented as crude odds ratio (OR) and adjusted OR (aOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results Of the 787,967 participants who had a FIT, 63,232 (8%) had a FIT+ and met the study's eligibility criteria. The risk of any CRC or advanced-stage CRC stayed high and was relatively consistent for follow-up colonoscopies performed within 1–12 months of the FIT+. After 12 months, the risk of CRC was considerably higher, particularly for advanced-stage CRC. The OR and aOR for any CRC were 1.40 (95% CI: 1.13–1.73; p < 0.05) and 1.20 (95% CI: 0.96–1.49), respectively, and the OR and aOR for advanced-stage CRC were 1.42 (95% CI: 0.98–2.08) and 0.88 (95% CI: 0.59–1.32), respectively, for colonoscopy follow-up within 12–18 months versus 1–2 months. Conclusions For Albertans who used FIT for CRC screening, a longer time interval between a FIT+ and follow-up colonoscopy, particularly over 12 months, increases the risk of having CRC and decreases the effectiveness of CRC screening programs.
Time-varying Connectedness Between ESG Stocks and BRVM Traditional Stocks
Authors: Barson Zynobia , Ofori Kwame Simpe , Junior Peterson Owusu , Boakye Kwabena G. , Ampong George Oppong Appiagyei 
Published: March 2024

Periods of crisis prompt investors to look out for means of making returns even in uncertain market conditions. Investors are using stocks selected on an environmental, social, and governance (ESG) basis to mitigate the unavoidable risks of investing in assets during these times of pandemic and war. In an integrated global financial system, we sought to explore the connectedness, if any, between the returns on the Bourse Régionale des Valeurs Mobilières (BRVM) and ESG-based stocks. Using a time-varying parameter vector autoregression (TVP-VAR) to analyze daily returns from 12 March 2013 to 4 April 2022, we find categorically that ESG-based stocks and BRVM stocks are connected, with ESG-based stocks dominating the network connectedness. Furthermore, using dynamic connectedness correlations from dynamic conditional correlation generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (DCC-GARCH), we show that ESG stocks could be used as a safe haven or weak hedge for BRVM stocks in times of crisis. We test for the robustness of our findings using quantile causality. The causality test further shows that ESG-based stocks cause movements in BRVM stocks mostly at the lower quantiles—enhancing the findings of dominancy from the TVP-VAR estimates and offer diversification and safe haven benefits from the DCC-GARCH in extreme conditions. The implication of these findings for investors is that they could benefit from using ESG-based stocks in their portfolios, particularly in times of crisis. JEL Codes: G01, G11
Media Reporting of Child Sexual Abuse in Nepal: A Content Analysis
Authors: Sharma Pawan , Singh Swarndeep , Ghimire Aastha , Sharma Upama , Pokharel Manjila 
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Child sexual abuse (CSA) is a worldwide problem. It is associated with a range of adverse consequences. There has been no report assessing media reporting of CSA in Nepal. We aimed to assess the pattern of reporting of news by media on the topic of CSA in Nepal. Methods: We did a content analysis of articles from online archives in the two most popular English-language newspapers published in Nepal on reporting of CSA from the period between June 1, 2020, and August 31, 2021. A predesigned proforma was used and a descriptive analysis was carried out. Results: A total of 142 English newspaper articles reporting on CSA were analysed. The majority of reports (83.1%, n = 118) had an episodic framing. Overall, 90.1% of the reports mentioned some form of action taken by the authorities indicating the criminal justice point of view for CSA. The information identifying the victim(s) was presented in 15 news reports. 28.9% ( n = 43) of news reports had some information about possible steps to prevent events and none of the news reports provided a child helpline number or contact information for any other child support/welfare services. Conclusions: The reports presented an episodic frame and focused on details of individual cases and steps taken by the criminal justice system. There is a gross lack of information about the causes of CSA and steps to prevent them like an expert opinion, help lines, crisis management, etc. There is an urgent need to develop national guidelines in order to improve the media reporting of CSA.
A 10-Year Nationwide Analysis of Risk Factors of Readmission and the Implications of Same-Day Discharge Following Velopharyngeal Insufficiency Correcting Surgery
Authors: Roohani Idean , Stanton Eloise , Trotter Collean , Choi Dylan G. , Alfeerawi Sarah , Shakoori Pasha , Premaratne Ishani D. , Hammoudeh Aydin , Fahradyan Artur , Urata Mark M. 
Published: March 2024

Objective To investigate risk factors for readmission and the implications of same-day discharge for surgical management of velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI). Design Retrospective cohort. Setting Multi-institutional/national. Patients and Participants Patients who underwent VPI-correcting surgery (n = 4479) were identified in the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Pediatric database from 2012–2021. Main outcomes measure(s) 30-day unplanned readmission. Results A total of 3878 (86.6%) patients were admitted inpatient following surgical intervention, while 601 (13.4%) were discharged on the same day. Thirty-day readmission rate was 1.7% across all patients. Based on multivariate logistic regression, patient factors identified as significant predictors of 30-day readmission included ASA class 4 (OR 11.22 [95% CI 1.01–124.91]; p = 0.049), steroid use (OR 7.30 [95% CI 2.22–23.97]; p = 0.001), and gastrointestinal disease (OR 2.48 [95% CI 1.22–5.00]; p = 0.012). Upon interaction analysis, patients with cardiac or neuromuscular disease who were discharged on the same day of surgery were associated with a higher readmission rate than those admitted to the hospital (cardiac disease RR 6.72 [95% CI 1.41–32.06]; p = 0.017) and (neuromuscular disease RR 12.39 [95% CI 1.64–93.59]; p = 0.015). Conclusions Approximately 90% of VPI-correcting procedures are completed inpatient nationwide. Cardiac and/or neuromuscular disease significantly increased the patients’ readmission risk when discharged on the same day of surgery. The inpatient setting should remain the best practice as adequate resources are available to mitigate life-threatening complications.
A Study on Environmental Impact of Slow Moving Electric Vehicles Using Microsimulation on Lucknow Urban Road With an On-Ramp
Authors: Sadat Mohd , Ahmad Syed Aqeel , Silgu Mehmet Ali , Bajpai Shrish , Pandey Digvijay 
Published: March 2024

Background: The adoption of electric vehicles for mobility is seen as a major step towards the conservation of the environment. In India, slow-moving Electric 3-Wheelers (E3Ws) have been adopted for last-mile connectivity. The present study investigated the impact of slow-moving electric 3-wheelers on the environment in terms of emissions and traffic performance in mixed conditions. Methods: Field traffic data from a section of road in the city of Lucknow was collected and used for the calibration of the traffic model. A total of 6 scenarios were tested using traffic modelling in the open-source microsimulation software SUMO. Krauss model was used to model mixed traffic and HBEFA 4 was used to calculate the emissions of fuel-driven vehicles. In each scenario, the volume of fuel-driven vehicles was kept constant and the volume of E3Ws was varied. For the last 2 scenarios, E3Ws were replaced with modified Electric 3-wheelers (ME3Ws) and Electric Buses. Results: Initial findings showed that the average emission decreased as the number of slowly moving electric vehicles increased, but the average flow and harmonic mean speed decreased by 49.8% and 28.8%, respectively, despite keeping the original composition of fuel-driven vehicles the same in every scenario. Further analysis of scenarios revealed a strong correlation ([Formula: see text]) between the reduction in the number of vehicles and the reduction in emissions like Carbon Dioxide ([Formula: see text]), which is responsible for global warming. Scenarios in which faster electric vehicles and electric buses replace slow-moving E3Ws also demonstrate emission reduction without noticeably affecting traffic performance parameters. Conclusion: The study shows that the environmental benefits of E3Ws in a limited section of Lucknow road are offset by their low-speed capability. Hypothetical scenarios wherein Modified E3Ws and Electric Buses were introduced reported benefits both in terms of emissions and traffic performance.
Should we always perform scaphoid nonunion surgery in patients with minor preoperative symptoms?
Authors: Cohen Abigael , Reijman Max , Selles Ruud W. , Hovius Steven E. R. , Colaris Joost W. 
Published: March 2024

The objective of this study was to assess the downsides of surgical treatment of scaphoid fracture nonunion in patients with minor preoperative symptoms. Patients were classified with minor symptoms based on the Patient-Rated Hand/Wrist Evaluation questionnaire. Of the 35 included patients, most patients encountered problems with patient-specific activities; 9% reported worse postoperative functional outcomes, 34% were not satisfied with the treatment and 9% were reoperated. The risk of a worse functional outcome after surgery with the need for further operations and the chance of developing wrist osteoarthritis, along with the possibility of poor patient satisfaction and ongoing daily functional impairment, should be considered during preoperative counselling. Level of evidence: III
Impact of water quality on reprocessing equipment: Assessment of neurosurgical instruments cleaning and biofilm formation in hospital pipes
Authors: Alvim Andre Luiz Silva , Varoto Adriely de Abreu , Martins Elaine , Rigotti Marcelo Alessandro , Ferreira Adriano Menis , Dodo Natalia Bianchini , Diniz Maiara Oliveira , Giroti Alessandra Lyrio Barbosa , Carneiro Liliane Moretti , Dos Santos Almeida Vaz Emileide , Sousa Alvaro Francisco Lopes de , de Andrade Denise 
Published: March 2024

Background The presence of contamination and microorganisms at any stage of processing renders a method unsafe, leading to a high risk of cross-transmission and cross-infection. Objective The objective of this study was to assess the cleaning quality of aspirator instruments used in neurosurgical procedures. Methods The experimental study was conducted at the materials and sterilization center, as well as the microbiology laboratory, of a philanthropic hospital in Brazil. A study protocol was implemented, which involved the analysis of 10 samples of Yasargil aspirators with varying dimensions. The samples were subjected to protein tests to detect the presence of organic matter and microbiological analysis. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. Results The results indicated that 40% of the instruments tested positive for protein after manual cleaning. Furthermore, after automated cleaning, samples showed an increased microbiological load, with Escherichia coli accounting for 20% and Klebsiella aerogenes for 10% of the identified microorganisms. Conclusion This study provides evidence of failures in the cleaning process of healthcare products and highlights the presence of biofilm in the pipes, thereby compromising the drinking water quality standard.
Digital empathy in behaviour change interventions: A survey study on health coach responses to patient cues
Authors: Rey Velasco E , Demjén Z , Skinner TC ,   on behalf of the Impact Diabetes B2B Collaboration Group
Published: March 2024

Introduction Digital health coaching interventions for behaviour change (BC) are effective in addressing various health conditions. Implementing these requires accurate descriptions of components and health coaches (HC) delivery methods, alongside understanding patients’ perceptions of these interactions. The HC–patient relationship significantly influences BC outcomes. Here, empathy is an important driver that enables HCs to offer tailored advice that resonates with patients’ needs, fostering motivation. Yet, defining and measuring empathy remains a challenge. In this study, we draw on various BC frameworks and Pounds’ empathy appraisal approach to categorise HCs responses to patient cues and explore the interplay between empathy and BC. Methods Using a two-round survey, we collected responses from 11 HCs to 10 patient messages from the Bump2Baby and Me trial in a simulated interaction. We analysed 88 messages to identify empathic responses and behaviour change techniques. Results Patients’ implicit empathy opportunities showed higher response rates than explicit ones. HCs prioritised positive reinforcement and employed various strategies to achieve similar objectives. The most common empathic response was ‘Acceptance’ for patients’ implicit positive expressions of self-judgement. HCs emphasised relatedness-support and competence-promoting techniques for implicit negative feelings and judgements, such as ‘Show unconditional regard’ and ‘Review behaviour goals’, and ‘Action planning and Problem-solving’ techniques to address explicit negative appreciations and feelings. Conclusion The use of different techniques with the same objective highlights the complexity of BC interactions. Further research is needed to explore the impact of this variability on patient outcomes and programme fidelity.
Associations of online health information seeking with health behaviors of cancer survivors
Authors: Liu Zhaoli , Liao Yue , Hwang Chueh-Lung , Rethorst Chad D. , Zhang Xiaoli 
Published: March 2024

Objective To examine the effects of online health information seeking (OHIS) behavior on five health behaviors (regular physical activity, less sedentary, calorie checking, no alcohol consumption, and no smoking) among adult cancer survivors in the United States. Methods A cross-sectional analysis was conducted with adult cancer survivors (≥18 years old) from Cycles 2, 3, and 4 of the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS). The respondents self-reported OHIS, and the data on the five health behaviors were pooled to perform descriptive and multivariable logistic regression analyses using Stata 17.0. Results Of the 1245 adult cancer survivors, approximately 74% reported OHIS behavior for themselves within the previous year of the survey. We found that OHIS was significantly and positively associated with the level of physical activity (odds ratio [OR] = 1.53, p = .002) and calorie checking (OR = 1.64, p = .001), but not with sedentary behavior, smoking, and alcohol consumption after adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, income, body mass index (BMI), marital status, depression, and general health. Conclusions Findings from this study suggest that most cancer survivors used various forms of digital tools and platforms to seek health information. The study also demonstrated an independent impact of OHIS behavior on physical activity and calorie checking. Healthcare professionals may need to encourage and guide cancer survivors to seek credible eHealth information and further utilize digital health tools as a platform for care delivery, promoting health behaviors and preventing adverse health outcomes among cancer survivors.
Adjuvant Vitamin D Injection in Elderly Patients Before Intertrochanteric Fracture Surgery: A Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Rabiee Rad Mehrdad , Ghasempour Dabaghi Ghazal , Afshari Safavi Alireza , Moshkdar Pooya , Akbariaghdam Hossein 
Published: March 2024

Background There are multiple recommended protocols for Vitamin D (VitD) supplementation in elderly; however, only a few studies achieved to examine the role of VitD supplements before intertrochanteric fracture surgery on mortality and complications after surgery. Methods This single-center block-randomized double-blinded trial was conducted on 80 patients with intertrochanteric fractures and a sufficient level of 25 (OH) VitD. The intervention group received an intramuscular 300,000 IU VitD ampule before surgery. The primary outcome was a 6-month mortality rate, and the secondary outcomes were 1- and 2-year mortality rates and Harris Hip Score (HHS) in 6, 12, and 24 months after surgery. Chi-square, t-test, repeated measure ANOVA, and Cox regression survival model was used for statistical analysis. Results 40 patients were allocated to each group. Demographic, clinical characteristics, and preoperative evaluations were not significantly different between the groups. Mortality rate 6-month after the surgery was 7.5% and 10% for the intervention and placebo groups respectively ( P value = .71), 15% and 12.5% at 1-year ( P value = .83), and 25% and 27.5% at 2-year ( P value = .98). Based on the Cox regression model, only age was significantly associated with mortality (HR = 1.229, P value <.001). Significant HHS changes from baseline through 24 months after surgery were observed within both groups; however, mean differences were not significantly different between groups. Conclusions A single preoperative 300,000 IU VitD did not significantly impact 2-year survival and HHS in patients with intertrochanteric fractures and sufficient serum VitD level.
Unleashed monocytic engagement in Sézary syndrome during the combination of anti-CCR4 antibody with type I interferon
Authors: Jiang Tony T. , Kruglov Oleg , Akilov Oleg E. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Sézary syndrome (SS) is an aggressive leukemic expansion of skin-derived malignant CD4+ T cells. Drug monotherapy often results in disease relapse because of the heterogenous nature of malignant CD4+ T cells, but how therapies can be optimally combined remains unclear because of limitations in understanding the disease pathogenesis. We identified immunologic transitions that interlink mycosis fungoides with SS using single-cell transcriptome analysis in parallel with high-throughput T-cell receptor sequencing. Nascent peripheral CD4+ T cells acquired a distinct profile of transcription factors and trafficking receptors that gave rise to antigenically mature Sézary cells. The emergence of malignant CD4+ T cells coincided with the accumulation of dysfunctional monocytes with impaired fragment crystallizable γ-dependent phagocytosis, decreased responsiveness to cytokine stimulation, and limited repertoire of intercellular interactions with Sézary cells. Type I interferon supplementation when combined with a monoclonal antibody targeting the chemokine receptor type 4 (CCR4), unleashed monocyte induced phagocytosis and eradication of Sézary cells in vitro. In turn, coadministration of interferon-α with the US Food and Drug Administration–approved anti-CCR4 antibody, mogamulizumab, in patients with SS induced marked depletion of peripheral malignant CD4+ T cells. Importantly, residual CD4+ T cells after Sézary cell ablation lacked any immunologic shifts. These findings collectively unveil an auxiliary role for augmenting monocytic activity during mogamulizumab therapy in the treatment of SS and underscore the importance of targeted combination therapy in this disease.