bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measles and rubella antibody status in previously vaccinated children with cancer
Authors: Feldman Sandor , Gigliotti Francis , Bockhold Carol , Naegele Robert 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMeasles and rubella antibody status were determined by ELISA for 115 previously vaccinated children with cancer. Seventy subjects were receiving chemotherapy, and 45 had successfully completed treatment for their malignancy. Overall, 18% of the subjects were seronegative for measles antibody and 8% for rubella antibody. Only 3% of patients lacked both. In general, seronegative individuals were over age 10 years. Subjects born before 1976 were significantly more likely to be seronegative to measles, 29% vs. 11% (P = 0.02) and to rubella, 16% vs. 4% (P = 0.03) than those born afterwards. Antibody status showed no apparent relationship to the duration of anticancer therapy. Stored serum samples were available for nine seronegative subjects, of whom five were initially seropositive and then lost antibody during or after the completion of anticancer therapy. Our observations suggest that cancer and its associated therapy interfere with antibody production. In view of the increasing survival rates for childhood cancers, additional studies are needed to assess the immune status of these subjects for all vaccine‐preventable infections. Pending the outcome of further studies, we suggest that long‐term survivors, particularly those born before 1976, or known to be vaccinated at less than 13 months of age, be tested after the completion of therapy for antibody to measles and rubella (and mumps). Also, immune serum globulin should be considered for any previously immunized patient with a close exposure to an active case of measles.
VP‐16 + adriamycin vs. Adriamycin alone in advanced adenocarcinoma of the breast, phase II, a randomized trial: A southwest oncology group study
Authors: Vaughn Clarence B. , Green Stephanie J. , O'Bryan Robert , Reed Melvin , Grozea Petre N. , Fletcher William S. , Green J. Benjamin , Metch Barbara , Oishi Noboru 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOne hundred twenty‐two patients with advanced adenocarcinoma of the breast were randomized to receive adriamycin (AD) alone or a combination of VP‐16 plus lower dose adriamycin (VAD). The patients were stratified to good and poor risk. The starting dose (day 1) of AD was 60 mg/m2 for good risk and 45 mg/m2 for poor risk. The starting dose of the VAD combination for the good‐risk patient was VP‐16, 75 mg/m2 daily × 5 plus adriamycin 35 mg/m2.The poor‐risk dose for VAD was VP‐16, 50 mg/m2 daily × 5 plus adriamycin, 30 mg/m2 on day 1. The total dose of AD was 450 mg/m2 on both arms. The patients who were on the VAD arm continued on VP‐16 maintenance. Both arms were repeated every 21 days. There were 54 evaluable patients on the adriamycinarm and 52 evaluable patients on the VAD arm. Both arms were similar with regard to age, menopausal status, performance status, and prior hormonal therapy. More hematologic toxicity was seen in the adriamycin arm. Complete responses were observed on both arms, three (5%) with adriamycin and three (5%) with combination. Eleven (19%) and ten (18%) partial responses were observed with the adriamycin and VP‐16 plus adriamycin, respectively. AD produced more stable disease than VAD (41% vs. 29%). Complete responses were seen only in the good‐risk patients. Time to progression was delayed on the combination arm (P = 0.02). The survival in both arms was similar. The addition of VP‐16 to adriamycin does not offer an important clinical advantage.
Deoxycoformycin treatment for childhood T‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia early in second remission: A pediatric oncology group study
Authors: Winick Naomi , Buchanan George R. , Murphy Sharon B. , Yu Alice , Boyett James 
Published: February 2007

Abstract2‐Deoxycoformycin (DCF) was added to an intensive Pediatric Oncology Group protocol ( 8303) for children with T‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia or T‐cell lymphoblastic lymphoma in first relapse. Twenty‐seven patients received one or more courses of DCF at 15 mg/m2/day as a 3‐day continuous infusion immediately after achieving a second remission with a four‐drug reinduction regimen. Renal and neuromuscular toxicities were frequent and occasionally severe despite the provision of a source of adenosine deaminase by means of a packed red cell transfusion 1 day following the infusion of DCF. Hepatic toxicity, manifested by transaminase elevations, accompanied 62% of the courses. The median duration of the second complete re mission was 4 months (range 2‐16+ months) with only two of the 27 patients still in remission at 13 + and 16 + months. Plasma concentrations of deoxyadenosine (dAdo) and the ratio of red cell deoxyadenosine triphosphate to adenosine triphosphate (dATP:ATP) were measured prior to the DCF infusion and on day 4. A dATP:ATP ratio of 1.0 or greater was seen in two patients with acute renal failure. There was no apparent correlation between toxicity or response and the plasma dAdo concentrations. DCF administered according to this dose and schedule was excessively toxic and did not appreciably prolong the duration of the second complete remission in children with T‐cell lymphoblastic malignancies.
Chemotherapy‐associated eccrine hidradenitis: Neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis reevaluated: The role of neutrophilic infiltration
Authors: Greenbaum Barbara H. , Heymann Warren R. , Reid Cheryl S. , Travis Susan F. , Donaldson Milton H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwo cases of chemotherapy‐associated eccrine hidradenitis are presented. Previous cases have been labeled “neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis” (NEH). Both cases reported herein involve neutropenic patients and are notable for the absence of neutrophils on histologic examination. Oncologists need to be aware of this newly described process, and this rash must be added to the differential diagnosis of the neutropenic oncology patient. The role of neutrophils in this disorder is discussed, and a new term, “chemotherapy‐associated eccrine hidradenitis,” is suggested for this unusual process.
Treatment of refractory lymphoma with methotrexate, VM‐26 (teniposide), procarbazine, and dexamethasone: Cancer and leukemia group B study 7902
Authors: Lachant Neil A. , Anderson James , Ginsberg Sandra J. , Cooper M. Robert , Hurd David D. , Bloomfield Clara D. , Gottlieb Arlan J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSeventy‐eight individuals previously treated with chemotherapy for nonHodgkin's lymphoma were enrolled in a phase II pilot study employing methotrexate 100 mg/M2 iv (day 1), calcium leucovorin 10 mg/M2 iv and/or po q6h (days 2–4), VM‐26 (teniposide) 100 mg/M2 iv (days 2 and 9), procarbazine 100 mg/M2 po (days 2–15), and dexamethasone 15 mg/M2po (days 2–8) (MV26PD). Thirty percent of the 78 patients treated had a response to therapy (8% complete, 22% partial). Twenty‐four percent of patients with diffuse histiocytic (large cell) lymphoma had a response (12% complete, 12% partial). The estimated failure‐free survival was 41% at 3 months and the median survial (death from any cause) was 4.5 months for the entire cohort. Two individuals, including one individual with diffuse histiocytic lymphoma, remain in a complete response for over 900 days. Significant hematologic toxicity and infectious complications were seen in this heavily pretreated group of patients. MV26PD represents an active combination of agents for the treatment of non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma. The optimal dosing for MV26PD remains to be determined.
Procarbazine hypersensitivity manifested as a fixed drug eruption
Authors: Giguere Jeffrey K. , Douglas Danny M. , Lupton George P. , Baker James R. , Weiss Raymond B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA case of a previously unrecognized form of hypersensitivity to procarbazine characterized by a nonpigmented fixed drug eruption is reported. Despite skin testing, association of the skin lesion to procarbazine could be determined only by drug rechallenge. Various aspects of procarbazine hypersensitivity reactions as well as the pathogenesis and importance of the fixed drug eruption are discussed.
Long‐term survival after chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus
Authors: Adelstein David J. , Sharan Vishwa M. , Snow Norman J. , Carter Susan G. , Horrigan Terrence P. , Hines John D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSeven patients with locally far‐advanced, inoperable, squamous cell cancer of the esophagus were given two cycles of concurrent radiation and chemotherapy. Each cycle consisted of 5‐fluorouracil 1,000 mg/m2/day given as a continuous intravenous infusion over 96 hours, cisplatin 75 mg/m2 given as an intravenous bolus on day 1, and methotrexate 40 mg/m2 given as an intravenous bolus on days 8 and 15. Three thousand rads of radiation were given in 15 fractions between days 1 and 19. Six patients are evaluable for response. Symptomatic relief was obtained by all six and was complete in 4. Five patients achieved a complete response, and two remain alive and disease free. Five of the six evaluable patients survived for at least 12 months. Aggressive chemoradiotherapy may result in significant survival prolongation and symptomatic palliation in this poor‐prognosis subset of patients with esophageal cancer.
Langerhans' cell histiocytosis (Histiocytosis X): Experience at the children's hospital of philadelphia, 1970–1984
Authors: Raney R. Beverly , D'Angio Giulio J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSixty‐four patients with biopsy‐proven Langerhans' cell histiocytosis (LCH, formerly designated as histiocytosis X) were managed at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia from 1970 through 1984. Their median age was 3 yr (range, 0.1–22 yr). Thirty‐three patients had localized lesions affecting a bone (27) or soft‐tissue region (6). Twenty‐two patients had multifocal disease affecting bones (17) or soft, nonosseöüs tissues (5). None of these patients had evidence of dysfunction of liver or lungs, and none had abnormal peripheral blood cell counts. The remaining nine patients had multifocal LCH plus dysfunction of liver or lungs (6) or abnormal blood counts (3). Treatment consisted primarily of surgical excision for patients with localized lesions and of drug therapy with or without irradiation and surgery for those with multifocal disease. Recurrence was infrequent (7%) in those with localized LCH, and all survived. Recurrence was frequent (74%) in those with multifocal LCH but without organ dysfunction or abnormal blood counts, but 21 of the 22 survived. By contrast, only three of the nine patients with organ dysfunction or abnormal blood counts survived. Thus organ dysfunction and abnormal blood counts at diagnosis emerged as the major adverse prognostic factors in children with LCH.
Rhabdomyosarcoma, presenting as disseminated malignancy from an unknown primary site: A retrospective study of ten pediatric cases
Authors: Etcubanas Erlinda , Peiper Stephen , Stass Sanford , Green Alexander 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFrom 1962–1984, ten children were referred to St. Jude Children's Hospital with a metastatic poorly differentiated malignancy; extensive diagnostic workup had failed to disclose the site of the primary tumor. Multiple skeletal metastases as well as bone marrow involvement were common findings. Erythrocytes were detected in the cytoplasm of tumor cells in several cases, and cytochemical stains confirmed that these phagocytic cells did not have features of mononuclear phagocytes. Establishing a pathologic diagnosis in these cases was difficult, and most special studies including cytochemistry and electron microscopy were not helpful in elucidating the diagnosis. A diagnosis of rhabdomyosarcoma was made at presentation in six cases. In the remaining cases, the diagnosis of rhabdomyosarcoma was subsequently made after rebiopsy of new tumor masses during thecourse of the illness, by ultrastructural examination of a cell line derived from the tumor or at postmortem examination. Based on initial symptoms, clinical features, and postmortem findings, the primary tumor sites were assumed to be in the middle ear, paravertebral area, base of skull, retrobulbar space, chest wall, and retropancreatic area. In four patients the disease was confined to bone marrow, lymph nodes, and meninges so that a primary site could not be assigned. The approach to pediatric patients presenting with disseminated malignancy from an occult primary site should consist of an aggressive pursuit of a specific diagnosis and establishment of a primary site to better direct therapy, particularly for those children whose tumors may be responsive to specific therapy.
Enhanced cis‐platinum ototoxicity in children with brain tumours who have received simultaneous or prior cranial irradiation
Authors: Walker D. A. , Pillow J. , Waters K. D. , Keir E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe report on four children who received cis‐platinum simultaneously with, or in one case 10 months after, cranial irradiation and experienced exaggerated ototoxicity affecting all audible frequencies. The hearing loss was severe, affecting the critical areas for speech perception, and necessitated the provision of bilateral hearing aids. The audiograms of these patients are shown and compared to those of four children who had received cis‐platinum as part of their treatment for neuroblastoma but without cranial irradiation. The precipitation of the exaggerated hearing loss with the administration of cis‐platinum in one patient 10 months after finishing cranial irradiation suggests that care should be taken in the timing of cis‐platinum administration in relation to concurrent or previous cranial irradiation.
Combination versus sequential single‐agent chemotherapy in the treatment of patients with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Niell Harvey B. , Griffin John P. , Hunter Robert F. , Meredith Charlotte A. , Somes Grant 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe have carried out a randomized phase Ill study in 105 patients with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer, comparing a fourdrug cisplatin‐mitomycin‐based combination chemotherapy regimen to sequential single‐agent therapy. The combination chemotherapy regimen consisted of mitomycin C (10 mg/m2), vinblastine (5 mg/m2), methotrexate (40 mg/m2), and cisplatin (40 mg/m2) given every 28 days. Sequential single‐agent chemotherapy consisted of mitomycin C (10 mg/m2) monthly until progression followed by vinblastine (5 mg/m2) every 2 weeks until progression followed by methotrexate (40 mg/m2) weekly until relapse. Patients failing either regimen were followed with supportive care. The objective response rate for the sequential single‐agent therapy was 19% versus 25% for the combination chemotherapy group (P> .5). The median survival for the single‐agent group was 166 days and 191 days for the combination chemotherapy group. Overall survival was not statistically different between the two groups (P> .5). Leucopenia, anemia, and prolonged anorexia with nausea and vomiting were more common in the combination chemotherapy group compared to the single‐agent group. This study failed to demonstrate a sufficient therapeutic benefit in the face of the added toxicity for the combination chemotherapy regimen compared to sequential singleagent therapy.
Phase II trial of amsacrine in patients with multiple myeloma
Authors: Greipp Philip R. , Coleman Morton , Anderson Keaven , McIntyre O. Ross 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSeventy‐four previously treated patients with multiple myeloma were treated with Amsacrine (m‐AMSA) 120 mg/m2 every 3 weeks. A good response was observed in two patients (3%), and improvement was seen in three patients (4%). Severe toxicity was observed in 33% of patients who received three or more courses of treatment. This dose and schedule of m‐AMSA in multiple myeloma is usually ineffective.
Similar chromosomal patterns and lack of N‐myc gene amplification in localized and IV‐S stage neuroblastomas in infants
Authors: Hayashi Yasuhide , Inaba Toshiya , Hanada Ryoji , Yamada Masao , Nakagome Yasuo , Yamamoto Keiko 
Published: February 2007

AbstractChromosome analysis was performed on 33 neuroblastomas in infants. Near triploid chromosome abnormalities (range, 60 to 77) were found in 29 patients with localized and IV‐S stage neuroblastoma, and hyperdiploidy (range, 50 to 56) in 3 patients with localized neuroblastoma. No marker chromosome 1, homogeneously staining region (HSR), or double minutes (DMS) was observed in these patients, all of which have been previously reported in advanced neuroblastomas. N‐myc gene amplification was not detected in any of these patients. All the patients were completely free of disease 4–45 months after diagnosis. Only one patient with stage IV neuroblastoma had a marker chromosome 1 (mode 46) and N‐myc gene amplification and relapsed. Five patients with IV‐S neuroblastoma lacking N‐myc gene amplification had near triploid chromosomal abnormalities similar to those seen in localized neuroblastoma in infants. We consider that, cytogenetically, localized and IV‐S neuroblastoma may be within the same disease category and different from advanced neuroblastoma.
Selection of a management strategy for pediatric brainstem tumors
Authors: Halperin Edward C. , Wehn Stanley M. , Scott Janice W. , Djang William , Oakes W. Jerry , Friedman Henry S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBrainstem tumors arise in portions of the rhombencephalon and mesencephalon. Some authorities include diencephalic tumors in this group. We have reviewed our clinical experience of 69 children (<21 years of age) with brainstem tumors evaluated and treated at Duke University Medical Center (DUMC) from 1960 to 1986. There were 19 patients with group I tumors (thalamus, third ventricle region, or midbrain) and 50 with group II tumors (pons, medulla oblongata). The common presenting signs and symptoms were ataxia, headache, motor loss, and cranial nerve palsies. The most commonly employed diagnostic imaging studies were air examinations and CT. Preradiotherapy confirmation of malignancy was obtained in five group I patients (astrocytoma, 4; germinoma, 1) and 8 group II patients (astrocytoma, 3; anaplastic astrocytoma, 2; glioblastoma multiforme, 3). All patients received radiotherapy.The 5‐year survival rate for the entire population was 40%. The survival rate for group I patients was significantly better than that observed for group II patients. In the 50 group II patients neither patient sex nor age nor presence of cranial nerve palsies nor pretreatment CT scan findings nor field size influenced survival. A long duration of symptoms positively influenced survival. The vast majority of tumor recurrences were within the radiation field. Half of the patients had either stable or improved Karnofsky status 6 months following completion of irradiation.The management strategy for childhood brainstem tumors is discussed.
Radio‐iodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy of neuroblastoma: Conflicting results, when compared with standard investigations
Authors: Schmiegelow Kjeld , Siimes Martti A. , Agertoft Lone , Berglund Gunilla , Storm‐Mathisen Ingebjørg , Andreassen Michael , Salmi Toivo T. , Nygård Randi , Wiebe Thomas , Kreuger Anders , Hayder Salah 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSeventy‐one patients with neuroblastoma (NB) and 25 patients with other neoplastic or nonneoplastic diseases were studied with MIBG scintigraphy. Sensitivity and specificity at diagnosis were 94% and 88%, respectively. Of 52 patients with NB studied during follow‐up, 14 had on one or several occasions conflicting results, when the findings at MIBG scintigraphy were compared to standard investigations (SI: CT scan, bone scan, x‐ray, and ultrasound). The correlation of MIBG scintigraphy and SI to clinical outcome were in these 14 patients not significantly different. Adding VMA‐excretion measurements did not significantly improve the predictive value of MIBG scintigraphy or SI. Patients with tumor‐suspected lesions only at MIBG scintigraphy should be followed closely and the nature of the lesions should be explored through biopsy.
Treatment and prognosis of metastatic carcinoma of unknown primary: Analysis of 100 patients
Authors: Alberts A. S. , Falkson G. , Falkson H. C. , van der Merwe M. P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOne hundred patients with metastatic carcinoma of unknown primary were analyzed to assess the importance of prognostic factors on survival. Patients were treated with cytostatic combinations, single drugs, or symptomatic care only. Response in the treatment groups ranged from 10% to 33%. The median survival of all patients was 124 days. In a univariate analysis good performance status, the presence of lymph node metastases, and the absence of liver metastases favorably influenced survival. In a Cox proportional hazards model, good performance status contributed significantly to a better survival. In addition there was a trend for female patients, patients with lymph node metastases, and patients without liver metastases to survive longer. These patient subsets deserve optimal treatment despite the dismal prognosis of this disease.
Prognostic significance of auer rods in childhood acute myelogenous leukemia: Results of the studies AML‐BFM‐78 and −83
Authors: Ritter Jörg , Vormoor Josef , Creutzig Ursula , Schellong Günther 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe prognostic significance of Auer rods in predicting response rate and remission duration was investigated in 257 patients of the two West German acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) studies BFM‐78 and ‐83. Auer rods were found in 129 children (50%) in the initial bone marrow smear. The incidence was higher in myeloid subtypes M1 (63%) and M2 (78%) compared with subtypes M4 (47%) and M5 (5%) with monocytic differentiation. In both studies, the remission rate was significantly higher in patients with Auer rods (P= 0.01), and in the study AML‐BFM‐83 a significantly longer remission duration was evaluated for Auer rodpositive patients (P= 0.007). In the M1 type, Auer rods were of high prognostic significance regarding both the induction success (P= 0.003) and the remission duration (P= 0.004), whereas no significant differences between Auer rodpositive and ‐negative patients in other subtypes were found. Occurrence of Auer rods was independent of hyperleukocytosis, the most powerful prognostic parameter in the studies AML‐BFM‐78 and ‐83, whereas absence of Auer rods was associated with the AML risk group M5. In the M1 type, Auer rod‐negative leukemias appeared to represent cases of poorly differentiated AML. Auer rods were therefore useful in differentiating between patients with a poor and a more favorable prognosis, particularly in the M1 type.
Liposarcoma of hepatic hilum in childhood: Report of a case and review of the literature
Authors: Soares F. A. , Landell G. A. Magnani , Peres L. C. , Oliveira M. A. , Vicente Y. A. M. V. A. , Tone L. G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractLiposarcoma in childhood has seldom been documented. The rare occurrence of this tumor has resulted in a lack of information about its natural history, prognosis, and management. The differential diagnosis with lipoblastomatosis is obligatory. A 2 year 4 month‐old white male child presented at the Hospital das Clinicas of Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, with fever, jaundice, and coluria secondary to a tumoral mass of the hepatic hilum causing obstruction of the biliary tree. Histologic and immunohistochemical study at autopsy disclosed a liposarcoma. A literature review found 64 other reported cases. Special attention was given to age, sex, anatomic localization, and histologic aspects of the literature cases. Liposarcoma involving the hepatic hilum and causing obstruction of the biliary tree in childhood was not previously reported in the literature.