bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A global protection gap: Migrant insecurity in Mexico
Authors: Gómez‐Mera Laura 
Published: February 2024

AbstractOver the last decade, Mexico has gone from being a major source of immigrants to an important transit and destination country for asylum seekers and migrants from Central and South America. When President Andrés Manuel López Obrador took office in December 2018, he pledged to implement a migration policy that prioritized humanitarian protection and honored Mexico's international and national human rights commitments. To what extent have these goals been achieved? In this article, I rely on a variety of sources to document the widening gap between Mexico's legal and stated commitments to the protection of migrants' rights and their implementation. I argue that there are both external and domestic constraints that hinder the implementation of human rights commitments and contribute to the migrant protection gap in Mexico. First, Mexican migration and humanitarian goals are inevitably shaped by the pervasive asymmetry characterizing relations with the United States. Second, capacity problems and domestic political tensions have undermined the Mexican government's ability to protect the safety of migrants. Meanwhile, the Mexican case is useful to highlight the sometimes neglected but important role of transnational nongovernmental and international organizations in filling the protection gap by providing support to host country governments and offering complementary protection to migrants.
Museum families: Canadian kinship and material culture
Authors: Leinaweaver Jessaca B. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractUnderstanding and documenting the ways that objects become entangled in, produce, sustain, and rupture family relations are crucial contributions of museum studies to anthropological kinship theory. This article analyzes a Canadian exhibit entitled “Family: Bonds and Belonging,” developed in response to Canada's 150th anniversary, in 2017, by a British Columbia provincial museum, then brought to Canada's national immigration museum in Nova Scotia in 2019. The article demonstrates how curators invite objects to narrate kinship, and entangle visitors as theoretical accomplices, all while building national projects. Layered concepts of “family” plays a central role in this exhibit, simultaneously introducing “family” as complex, diverse, and varied while also reproducing middle‐class conventions of family. I argue that this contradiction partly undercuts the representational content of the exhibit, and that the simultaneous multivalence and ideological uniformity of family in this setting points to how museum practices and procedures can unintentionally reproduce conventional ideas that implicitly counter curatorial work.
Predicting perimetric defects from en face maps of retinal nerve fibre layer reflectance
Authors: Swanson William H. , King Brett J. , Alluwimi Muhammed S. , Malik Rizwan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPurposeTo develop criteria to predict visual hemifields with deep perimetric defects based on retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) reflectance, in a transparent process whose components can be assessed by independent laboratories analysing data from their own small groups.MethodsThe analysis was carried out in four stages, using three independent groups of patients—30, 33 and 62 participants—with glaucoma and age‐similar controls. The first stage used Group 1 to develop a criterion for RNFL reflectance images at 24, 36 or 48 μm below the inner limiting membrane (ILM). The second stage evaluated the criterion using Group 2. The third stage developed a second criterion to improve performance for Groups 1 and 2 combined. The fourth stage evaluated the second criterion with Group 3. Confidence intervals for sensitivity and specificity were then computed by combining results from all three groups.ResultsThe first criterion identified all hemifields with deep defects and no hemifields from controls, using a within‐eye reference for healthy RNFL. For Group 2, specificity remained high but sensitivity was reduced. The second criterion improved sensitivity by using location‐specific reference values. For Group 3, sensitivity remained high but reduced specificity was found. Confidence intervals showed substantial overlap for the two criteria.ConclusionsWe developed two criteria to identify patients with deep perimetric defects with high specificity and sensitivity. Several improvements are warranted: automated identification of the fovea‐disc angle and optic disc locations, evaluation of normal variation in patterns of RNFL thickness, improved segmentation of ILM and major vasculature, reduction of within‐eye variability in RNFL reflectance of healthy eyes, assessment of effects of image quality, assessment of effects of comorbidity and effectiveness of other devices.
Cost‐utility of VISITAG SURPOINT in catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation
Authors: De Potter Tom , Tong Cindy , Maccioni Sonia , Velleca Maria , Galvain Thibaut 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundClinical studies have demonstrated the safety, efficacy, and efficiency of VISITAG SURPOINT® (VS), which provides important lesion markers during catheter ablation (CA) of atrial fibrillation (AF). The present study evaluated the cost‐effectiveness of CA with VS compared to CA without VS in AF from the publicly‐funded German and Belgium healthcare perspectives.MethodsWe constructed a two‐stage cost utility model that included a decision tree to simulate clinical events, costs, and utilities during the first year after the index procedure and a Markov model to simulate transitions between health states throughout a patient's lifetime. Model inputs included published literature, a meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials AF outcomes, and publicly available administrative data on costs. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were conducted to determine the robustness of the model.ResultsCA with VS was associated with lower per patient costs vs CA without VS (Germany: €3295 vs. €3936, Belgium: €3194 vs. €3814) and similar quality‐adjusted life‐years (QALYs) per patient (Germany: 5.35 vs. 5.34, Belgium: 5.68 vs. 5.67). CA with VS was the dominant ablation strategy (incremental cost‐effectiveness ratios: Germany: €‐52,455/QALY, Belgium: €‐50,676/QALY). The model results were robust and not highly sensitive to variation to individual parameters with regard to QALYs or costs. Freedom from AF and procedure time had the greatest impact on model results, highlighting the importance of these outcomes in ablation.ConclusionsCA with VS resulted in cost savings and QALY gains compared to CA without VS, supporting the increased adoption of VS in CA in Germany and Belgium.
Beyond pathways: Accelerated flavonoids candidate identification and novel exploration of enzymatic properties using combined mapping populations of wheat
Authors: Chen Jie , Zhang Yueqi , Wei Jiaqi , Hu Xin , Yin Huanran , Liu Wei , Li Dongqin , Tian Wenfei , Hao Yuanfeng , He Zhonghu , Fernie Alisdair R. , Chen Wei 
Published: February 2024

SummaryAlthough forward‐genetics‐metabolomics methods such as mGWAS and mQTL have proven effective in providing myriad loci affecting metabolite contents, they are somehow constrained by their respective constitutional flaws such as the hidden population structure for GWAS and insufficient recombinant rate for QTL. Here, the combination of mGWAS and mQTL was performed, conveying an improved statistical power to investigate the flavonoid pathways in common wheat. A total of 941 and 289 loci were, respectively, generated from mGWAS and mQTL, within which 13 of them were co‐mapped using both approaches. Subsequently, the mGWAS or mQTL outputs alone and their combination were, respectively, utilized to delineate the metabolic routes. Using this approach, we identified two MYB transcription factor encoding genes and five structural genes, and the flavonoid pathway in wheat was accordingly updated. Moreover, we have discovered some rare‐activity‐exhibiting flavonoid glycosyl‐ and methyl‐transferases, which may possess unique biological significance, and harnessing these novel catalytic capabilities provides potentially new breeding directions. Collectively, we propose our survey illustrates that the forward‐genetics‐metabolomics approaches including multiple populations with high density markers could be more frequently applied for delineating metabolic pathways in common wheat, which will ultimately contribute to metabolomics‐assisted wheat crop improvement.
How effort‐based self‐interest motivation shapes altruistic donation behavior and brain responses
Authors: Mao Wenhao , Xiao Qin , Shen Xuejie , Zhou Xinyi , Wang Ailian , Jin Jia 
Published: February 2024

AbstractProsocial behaviors are central to individual and societal well‐being. Although the relationship between effort and prosocial behavior is increasingly studied, the impact of effort‐based self‐interested motivation on prosocial behavior has received less attention. In the current study, we carried out two experiments to examine the effect of motivation to obtain a reward for oneself on donation behavior and brain response. We observed that individuals who accumulated more money in the effort‐expenditure rewards task (EEfRT) donated a lower proportion of their earnings. The sigmoid model fitted participants' choices in the EEfRT task, and the effort‐reward bias and sigma parameters negatively correlated with the amount of money donated in the donation task. Additionally, the effort‐reward bias and sigma parameters negatively predicted N2 amplitude during processing of charitable donation‐related information. We propose that individuals who exhibit a lower level of effort‐based self‐interest motivation may allocate more cognitive control or attentional resources when processing information related to charitable donations. Our work adds weight to understanding the relationship between effort‐based self‐interest motivation and prosocial behavior and provides electrophysiological evidence.
The use of a kaolin‐based hemostatic dressing to attenuate bleeding in dogs: A series of 4 cases
Authors: Huther Andrea , Edwards Thomas H. , Jaramillo Ericka L. , Giles James T. , Israel Sarah K. , Mison Michael , Ambrosius Lisbeth , Kaiser Teresa , Hoareau Guillaume L. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the use of a synthetic hemostatic dressing, QuikClot Combat Gauze (QCG), in dogs with bleeding wounds.Case Series SummaryTwo dogs presented with bleeding traumatic wounds, and QCG was used to achieve hemostasis during stabilization of these dogs. In the other 2 dogs, QCG was used to help attenuate bleeding associated with a surgical procedure.New or Unique Information ProvidedWhile hemostatic dressings have been widely studied and used in human medicine, there is minimal information on the use and efficacy of these hemostatic dressings in veterinary medicine. This case series describes the use of QCG in dogs with hemorrhaging wounds. QCG could be a valuable resource in veterinary emergency and critical care settings.
The Young Investigator Committee of the International Xenotransplantation Association—Perspective of advancements in the field in 2023
Authors: Goerlich Corbin E. , Kamberi Shani S. , Ladowski Joseph , Citro Antonio , Connolly Margaret , Fischer Konrad , Salvaris Evelyn J. , Singh Avneesh K. , Wang Yi , Stern Jeffrey , Meier Raphael P. H. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe 2023 IXA conference, hosted in San Diego, CA, brimmed with excitement against the backdrop of recent innovations in both the pre‐clinical and clinical realms with several first‐in‐human applications of xenotransplantation. The theme, “Pigs are flying,” alluded to the adage that xenotransplantation would only become a clinical reality “when pigs fly,” suggesting a day that might never come. The event witnessed significant attendance, with 600 participants—the highest in the history of an IXA‐IPITA joint congress. Among the attendees were members of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and corporate sponsors deeply engaged in the field. We summarize the latest topics from the congress, ranging from the pros/cons of decedent models of xenotransplantation and genetic engineering of porcine heart valves, solid organs, and cells for clinical translation and their regulatory and ethical landscape.
Exact Lagrangians in four‐dimensional symplectisations
Authors: Dimitroglou Rizell Georgios 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this note, we provide explicit constructions of exact Lagrangian embeddings of tori and Klein bottles inside the symplectisation of an overtwisted contact three‐manifold. Note that any closed exact Lagrangian in the symplectisation is displaceable by a Hamiltonian isotopy. We also use positive loops to exhibit elementary examples of topologically linked Legendrians that are dynamically non‐interlinked in the sense of Entov–Polterovich.
Skewed X-chromosome inactivation drives the proportion ofDNAAF6-defective airway motile cilia and variable expressivity in primary ciliary dyskinesia
Authors: Thomas Lucie , Cuisset Laurence , Papon Jean-Francois , Tamalet Aline , Pin Isabelle , Abou Taam Rola , Faucon Catherine , Montantin Guy , Tissier Sylvie , Duquesnoy Philippe , Dastot - Le Moal Florence , Copin Bruno , Carion Nathalie , Louis Bruno , Chantot-Bastaraud Sandra , Siffroi Jean-Pierre , Mitri Rana , Coste André , Escudier Estelle , Thouvenin Guillaume , Amselem Serge , Legendre Marie 
Published: February 2024

BackgroundPrimary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare airway disorder caused by defective motile cilia. Only male patients have been reported with pathogenic mutations in X-linkedDNAAF6, which result in the absence of ciliary dynein arms, whereas their heterozygous mothers are supposedly healthy. Our objective was to assess the possible clinical and ciliary consequences of X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) in these mothers.MethodsXCI patterns of six mothers of male patients withDNAAF6-related PCD were determined by DNA-methylation studies and compared with their clinical phenotype (6/6 mothers), as well as their ciliary phenotype (4/6 mothers), as assessed by immunofluorescence and high-speed videomicroscopy analyses. The mutated X chromosome was tracked to assess the percentage of cells with a normal inactivatedDNAAF6allele.ResultsThe mothers’ phenotypes ranged from absence of symptoms to mild/moderate or severe airway phenotypes, closely reflecting their XCI pattern. Analyses of the symptomatic mothers’ airway ciliated cells revealed the coexistence of normal cells and cells with immotile cilia lacking dynein arms, whose ratio closely mirrored their XCI pattern.ConclusionThis study highlights the importance of searching for heterozygous pathogenicDNAAF6mutations in all female relatives of male PCD patients with aDNAAF6defect, as well as in females consulting for mild chronic respiratory symptoms. Our results also demonstrate that about one-third—ranging from 20% to 50%—normal ciliated airway cells sufficed to avoid severe PCD, a result paving the way for gene therapy.
Observational constraints for cubic gravity theory based on third order contractions of the Riemann tensor
Authors: Marciu Mihai , Ioan Dana Maria , Dragomir Mihai 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe paper studies different observational features in the case of a specific cubic gravity theory, based on third order contractions of the Riemann tensor. Considering viable cosmic chronometers data, baryon acoustic oscillations, and supernovae, we analyze the viability of such a theoretical model, obtaining specific constraints for different parameters in the current scenario. It is shown that the present extension of the $$\Lambda $$
Λ
CDM cosmological model is compatible with recent data sets. The results indicate that the dark energy equation of state is exhibiting a phantom regime in the near past in the case of the best fitted values, a behavior which is in agreement with various phenomenological studies.
Thinking spatially in computational social science
Authors: Akbaritabar Aliakbar 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDeductive and theory-driven research starts by asking questions. Finding tentative answers to these questions in the literature is next. It is followed by gathering, preparing and modelling relevant data to empirically test these tentative answers. Inductive research, on the other hand, starts with data representation and finding general patterns in data. Ahn suggested, in his keynote speech at the seventh International Conference on Computational Social Science (IC2S2) 2021, that the way this data is represented could shape our understanding and the type of answers we find for the questions. He discussed that specific representation learning approaches enable a meaningful embedding space and could allow spatial thinking and broaden computational imagination. In this commentary, I summarize Ahn’s keynote and related publications, provide an overview of the use of spatial metaphor in sociology, discuss how such representation learning can help both inductive and deductive research, propose future avenues of research that could benefit from spatial thinking, and pose some still open questions.
Review of NORM occurrence and application of a tailored graded approach for the radiation protection in geothermal plants
Authors: Leonardi F. , Venoso G. , Bogi A. , Bucci S. , Caldognetto E. , De Stena A. , La Verde G. , Luzzi L. , Nuccetelli C. , Picciolo F. , Pratesi G. , Trotti F. , Ugolini R. , Pugliese M. , Trevisi R. , Peroni I. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn the present paper, the general methodological approach developed to manage legislative requirements for NORM involving industries was fitted to the geothermal industrial sector, which is in the indicative list of the European Directive 2013/59/Euratom (EU-BSS). A review of the state of the art about the radiological characterization of NORM in geothermal plants have been performed with the aim to identify matrices and exposure scenarios of radiological concern. From the analysis of collected data, it results that radiological content of NORM residues generally depends on the characteristics of the geothermal fluid as well as on the type of the plants. In several plants, residues (both scales and filtering materials) show generally high activity concentrations, especially for Ra-226 and Ra-228 decay segments, exceeding Exemption Levels of the EU-BSS. Several tables have been presented as tools to support the stakeholders in the application of the legislative requirements regarding radiation protection in the geothermal sector.
The frequency of colorectal lesions in the first-degree relatives of patients with colorectal lesions among PERSIAN Guilan Cohort Study population (PGCS)
Authors: Matin Somaieh , Joukar Farahnaz , Maroufizadeh Saman , Asgharnezhad Mehrnaz , Karimian Paridokht , Mansour-Ghanaei Fariborz 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to investigate the frequency of colorectal lesions in the first-degree relatives of patients with colorectal lesions among the Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies in Iran (PERSIAN )Guilan Cohort Study (PGCS) population.

Methods
In this cross-sectional study, 162 first-degree relatives with a history of colorectal lesions were randomly selected from 52 participants in PGCS. All subjects underwent total colonoscopy by a gastroenterologist, and a pathologist evaluated colorectal biopsies. Also, individuals’ demographic information, clinical data, and dietary habits were recorded.

Results
The mean age of the participants was 56.55 ± 7.04. Of 86 colon polyps, 52 neoplastic and 34 non-neoplastic polyps were observed in 56 patients (34.6%). Individuals with age > 60 years had 3.29-fold increased odds of developing colorectal polyps (OR = 3.29, 95% CI: 1.13–9.56, P = 0.029). The smokers were 2.73 times more susceptible to developing colorectal polyps than non-smokers (OR = 2.73, 95% CI: 1.24–6.02, P = 0.013). Moreover, consumption of vegetables more than three times per day was associated with decreased OR of colorectal polyp development (OR = 0.43, CI: 0.19–0.98, P = 0.045).

Conclusions
Considering the high prevalence of neoplastic colorectal polyps among the first-degree relatives of patients with colorectal lesions, early screening is recommended for individuals with a family history of colorectal lesions.
Development and validation of comprehensive nomograms from the SEER database for predicting early mortality in metastatic rectal cancer patients
Authors: Li Yanli , Tao Ting , Liu Yun 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Metastatic rectal cancer is an incurable malignancy, which is prone to early mortality. We aimed to establish nomograms for predicting the risk of early mortality in patients with metastatic rectal cancer.

Methods
In this study, clinical data were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database.We utilized X-tile software to determine the optimal cut-off points of age and tumor size in diagnosis. Significant independent risk factors for all-cause and cancer-specific early mortality were determined by the univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses, then we construct two practical nomograms. In order to assess the predictive performance of nomograms, we performed calibration plots, time-dependent receiver-operating characteristic curve (ROC), decision curve analysis (DCA) and clinical impact curve (CIC).

Results
A total of 2570 metastatic rectal cancer patients were included in the study. Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that age at diagnosis, CEA level, tumor size, surgical intervention, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and metastases to bone, brain, liver, and lung were independently associated with early mortality of metastatic rectal cancer patients in the training cohort. The area under the curve (AUC) values of nomograms for all-cause and cancer-specific early mortality were all higher than 0.700. Calibration curves indicated that the nomograms accurately predicted early mortality and exhibited excellent discrimination. DCA and CIC showed moderately positive net benefits.

Conclusions
This study successfully generated applicable nomograms that predicted the high-risk early mortality of metastatic rectal cancer patients, which can assist clinicians in tailoring more effective treatment regimens.