bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Consumer adoption of online music services
Authors: Kunze Oliver , Mai Li‐Wei 
Published: October 2007

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to offer insights into what consumers are looking for when downloading music and what different consumer groups might look for in commercial online music services, based on their current level of music downloading, and their likelihood of purchasing music online in the near future.Design/methodology/approachThe literature review focused on the risk and adoption theories. Interviews were used to help derive variables used in the design of a questionnaire. A web survey of 211 samples was used as a data collection method for this study.FindingsThe results suggest that performance and time‐loss aspects of perceived risks are playing an important role, while social and psychological aspects of risks are of the least concern to consumers. Where different types of users are concerned, those with the most experience of downloading music are the least profitable segment to target. Non and Light downloaders, on the other hand, should be the focus of marketing activities, although their needs are different.Originality/valueThis paper highlighted that different groups have different behaviours towards downloading music. The finding helps the online music providers to focus on and capture the new age downloaders.
Managing retail chain profitability based on local competitive conditions: preliminary analysis
Authors: Hernant Mikael , Andersson Thomas , Hilmola Olli‐Pekka 
Published: October 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to describe the determinants of profitability in terms of the strategic profitability model (the Du Pont model), depicting the “route” to high profitability in grocery retail stores located in market areas possessing dissimilar competitive conditions.Design/methodology/approachDifferent physical characteristics (e.g. store formats) have traditionally been used as control criteria, but it is argued in this paper that management principles in retail chains should be based on different clusters of stores, formed from local competitive conditions. The paper proposes a clustering method based on five indicators of local competition. The research results are derived from local competitive conditions and the performance of 168 supermarkets, located in Sweden, and controlled by one retail chain.FindingsThe paper identifies four clusters of local markets labeled monopoly, fleet market, venue, and duopoly, based on local competitive conditions. The findings show that the “route” to profitability significantly differs between the clusters. In monopoly the route to high profitability goes through high‐gross margin, while in fleet market the key figures are low cost, large number of shoppers per week, and high productivity. Venue and duopoly both gain from high‐average transactions per shopper.Practical implicationsSupermarkets under different competitive conditions have different critical success factors and would probably be better managed, supported and evaluated on a different basis, i.e. retail chains need to adjust their approach to their supermarkets depending on local competitive conditions.Originality/valueBased on the findings the paper proposes unique management strategies for different clusters of local markets to further enhance current strength areas.
Assessment of a zero‐dimensional model of tumble in four‐valve high performance engine
Authors: Ramajo Damian , Zanotti Angel , Nigro Norberto 
Published: October 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to assess a phenomenological zero‐dimensional model (0‐D model) in order to evaluate both the in‐cylinder tumble motion and turbulence in high‐performance engine, focusing on the capability and sensitivity of the model.Design/methodology/approachThe study was performed using a four‐valve pentroof engine, testing two different intake ports. The first one was a conventional port and the second one was design in such a way to promote tumble. CFD simulations for admission and compression strokes under different engine conditions were carried out. Then, the in‐cylinder entrance mass and mean velocities from CFD were imposed as boundary conditions in the 0‐D model.FindingsMarked discrepancies between 0‐D model and CFD results were found. As expected, for the original port, CFD results displayed a poor tumble generation during the admission period. It was followed by a fast degradation of the tumble momentum along the compression stroke due to it was not dominant over the other two momentum components. 0‐D model overestimated the entrance‐tumble but underestimated the vortex degradation along the compression stroke, resulting in higher tumble predictions, thereby it is not recommended for low‐tumble engines. As for the modified port, 0‐D model assumptions were closer to the in‐cylinder flow field from CFD, but results underestimated the entrance‐tumble during the intake stroke and predicted excessive tumble at the end of the compression stroke. Summarizing, 0‐D model neither showed sensitivity to changes in the intake port because of the scarce information about the entrance‐flow field nor it was not suitable to evaluate the tumble degradation.Originality/valueThe limitations of the current model were highlighted, given possible guidelines in order to improve it.
Neural network methodology for heat transfer enhancement data
Authors: Ayhan‐Sarac Betül , Karlık Bekir , Bali Tülin , Ayhan Teoman 
Published: October 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to study experimentally enhancement of heat transfer in a tube with axial swirling‐flow promoters. The geometric features of flow geometry to improve heat transfer can be selected in order to yield the maximum opposite reduction in heat exchange flow irreversibility by using exergy‐destruction method. The paper seeks to illustrate the use of neural network approach to analyze heat transfer enhancement data for further study in the scope of the experimental program.Design/methodology/approachFor this purpose, 402 experimental measurements are collected. About 225 of those are used as training data for neural networks, the rest is used for testing. Then, these testing results of artificial neural network (ANN) and experimental data are compared. A formula for presenting exergy loses in a tubular heat exchanger is derived first and then the thermodynamic optimum instead of economic optimum is found by minimizing the exergy losses in the system.FindingsResults from all configurations studied show that the heat transfer rate of the heated increases when the swirling‐flow promoter is inserted. From the heat transfer improvement number defined, it is observed that about 100 percent increase in heat transfer rate and five times increase in the pressure drop can be achieved under the condition of constant flow for the single promoter which has three blades, its blade angle is 30° and its location is in the middle of the tube length.Research limitations/implicationsThe back‐propagation (BP) algorithm was selected as the neural network algorithm, which uses the generalized delta learning rule. The training time of BP algorithm is considerably long. However, the testing of our neural network is real‐time.Practical implicationsThe experimental setup is established to collect the experimental data. It consists of an entrance region, test region (heat exchanger and steam generator), and, flow measurement and control. Also, a software program of neural networks trained BP is written by using Pascal high‐level languages.Originality/valueAn alternative and new approach is proposed in the paper to find optimum flow geometry for a pipe flow with an axial swirling‐flow promoter inserts. It is too difficult to predict the response of a complex physical system that cannot be easily modeled mathematically. The result thus obtained compare well with experimental results, but the computational effort of the ANN and time required in the analysis is much faster as compared. These results show that the ANN can be used efficiently for prediction.
Application of an ADI scheme for steady and periodic solutions in a lid‐driven cavity problem
Authors: Das Manab Kumar , Rajesh Kanna P. 
Published: October 2007

PurposeThe purpose of the paper is to study the steady and periodic solution of a lid‐driven cavity flow problem with the gradual increase of Reynolds number (Re) up to 10,000.Design/methodology/approachThe problem is solved by unsteady stream function‐vorticity formulation using the clustered grids. The alternating direction implicit (ADI) method and the central difference scheme have been used for discretization of the governing equations. Total vorticity error and the total kinetic energy have been considered for ensuring the state of flow condition. The midplane velocity distribution and the top wall vortex distribution are compared with the results of other authors and found to show good agreement.FindingsKinetic energy variation with time is studied for large time computation. Below 7,500, it becomes constant signifying the flow to be in steady‐state. At Re=10,000, the fluid flow has an oscillating nature. The dimensionless period of oscillation is found to be 1.63. It is demonstrated that the present computation is able to capture the periodic solution after the bifurcation very accurately.Originality/valueThe findings will be useful in conducting a steady and periodic solution of variety of fluid flows or thermally‐driven fluid flows.
Ethnic minority migrant women entrepreneurs and the imperial imprimatur
Authors: Pio Edwina 
Published: October 2007

PurposeThis paper aims to explore the work experiences of ethnic minority migrant Indian women and their reasons for entering entrepreneurship in post‐colonial New Zealand.Design/methodology/approachOver a period of five years, in‐depth semi‐structured interviews were conducted with 45 Indian women migrant entrepreneurs in New Zealand. A total of approximately 50 hours of interviews with 200 hours of transcription and member checks contributed to the understanding of these women. The interpretations were enhanced by congruence of ethnicity and gender of the researcher‐author.FindingsThe qualitative interviews surfaced issues of being non‐white, exclusionary employment practices and negotiating post‐colonial New Zealand in order to follow the migrant dream despite the prevalence of softwares of colonialism in the mindset of the host country.Research limitations/implicationsThe study was conducted in one country (New Zealand) on one ethnicity (Indian); hence, there needs to be caution in generalizing the findings for other ethnic minority women and in other post‐colonial countries.Practical implicationsThe research focuses on the experiences of educated ethnic minority women who are often marginalized based on their visible diversity discriminators, despite efforts by the New Zealand Government to create an equitable non‐racialized society.Originality/valueThe paper is a powerful reminder of the need to understand the layered reality of ethnic minority women and to reduce the gap between policy and action.
Influence of culture, family and individual differences on choice of gender‐dominated occupations among female students in tertiary institutions
Authors: Salami Samuel O. 
Published: October 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of family, individual difference and cultural factors on the choice of gender‐dominated occupations among female students in some tertiary institutions.Design/methodology/approachA field‐based survey approach was adopted to collect quantitative data through the means of questionnaires from 340 female students randomly selected from tertiary institutions in Southwest Nigeria.FindingsHierarchical multiple‐regression statistical analysis employed revealed that family, individual differences and cultural factors were good predictors (collectively and independently) of choice of gender‐dominated occupations of female students.Research limitations/implicationsThese findings were limited to nursing and engineering professions as well as variables investigated. Thus, future researchers should make efforts to extend the study's scope to other professions that could be categorized as gender‐dominated occupations.Originality/valueThe findings provide evidence on the factors influencing the choice of gender‐dominated occupations among female students. Hence, attention should be paid to the predicting variables investigated in that they provided significant basis for this study. These predicting variables could assist the female students in making realistic and purposeful career choices, so that they could overcome the barriers of occupational stereotyping in Nigerian society. This would enable the women to contribute their quota to their families and society in general.
Employee engagement – its real essence
Authors: Smythe John 
Published: October 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explain how opening up decision making to those who can add value helps to transform organizational performance.Design/methodology/approachReveals how this was achieved at a top‐four UK bank. Draws on some of the ideas presented in the author's latest book, The CEO: Chief Engagement Officer.FindingsEmphasizes the difference between flawed internal‐marketing programs, born at the tail‐end of the command‐and‐control era, which simply viewed employees as internal customers who were marketed at as any other “stakeholder group” when plans were afoot to refresh a company's strategy, and modern employee engagement, which involves taking the risk to reach down and engage the people it affects and the people who must deliver the end result.Practical implicationsPresents a toolbox of practical processes that help leaders to take the risk of sharing power, to engage the creativity of their people.Originality/valueAdvances the view that, by empowering leaders and employees to become partners in pushing an organization forward, good engagement planning is the “missing 50 percent” of strategy formulation.
Debunking the benchmarking myth
Authors: Lusty David 
Published: October 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to highlight the pitfalls of failing to compare like with like when undertaking employee‐satisfaction surveys.Design/methodology/approachReveals how answers can be affected by people's expectations, slight changes in the wording of a survey, the order in which questions are asked, or the scoring system used.FindingsDemonstrates why like‐for‐like comparisons with other employers' surveys are almost impossible and puts forward the view that the information that is most valuable in informing management decision‐making comes from the internal comparisons a survey should permit.Practical implicationsPuts forward ways in which to make an employee‐satisfaction survey into a valuable source of management information.Originality/valueAdvances the view that an employee‐satisfaction survey that produces data which are nice to know, but do not lead to action, has not earned its keep.
Interview with John Fleming and James Asplund
Authors: Brown Rachel 
Published: October 2007

PurposeThis paper provides an interview with John Fleming and James Asplund.Design/methodology/approachThis paper provides an interview with John Fleming and James Asplund.FindingsThere has never been a better – or more important – time for HR professionals to play a strategic role in defining and managing the brand in service economy companies. If your company's employees are truly the “face” of the brand in the marketplace, then they represent a potent weapon in your company's marketing arsenal.Originality/valueThe paper provides an insightful interview with John Fleming and James Asplund.
Ensuring sweetness and light over the festive season
Authors: Pitt Mike 
Published: October 2007

PurposeThe paper aims to examine the allocation of holidays.Design/methodology/approachThe paper discusses the allocation of holidays.FindingsOf course, employers should always be fair and reasonable and take employees' personal circumstances into account when allocating leave. But this should be done on a case‐by‐case basis, and not as part of a blanket policy that favors one group of workers over another.Originality/valueThe paper provides useful advice on the allocation of holidays.
Identity parade: building web portals about people
Authors: Burrows Toby 
Published: October 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to look at the current state of initiatives to develop “people‐centred” portals by repurposing name authority data from union catalogues and similar sources.Design/methodology/approachA range of current projects and services are reviewed and evaluated to identify common features and trends.FindingsSeveral recent efforts in this area are of considerable interest and promise, but there are elements of this kind of service that will need further development and experimentation.Originality/valueThis is one of the first attempts to give an overview of this type of initiative and to suggest some directions for the future.
Bibliographic challenges in historical context: looking back to 1982
Authors: Medeiros Norm 
Published: October 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this article is to reflect on the state of bibliographic access.Design/methodology/approachThe article contrasts today's bibliographic challenges with those of 25 years ago.FindingsThe article suggests many of the inadequacies that existed in the past will persist into the future.Originality/valueThe article provides a means of viewing today's bibliographic environment in historical context.
From digital library to institutional repository: a brief look at one library's path
Authors: Buehler Marianne A. , Trauernicht Marcia S. 
Published: October 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to give an overview of the initial transformation of one academic library's digital media library into the institutional repository (IR) of its entire academic organization.Design/methodology/approachProvides a description of an academic digital library's evolution into an institutional repository, accompanied by both practical and philosophical analyses.FindingsMaterials supporting an academic institution's scholarship (from colleges and from supporting organizations on campus) can play an important part in the success of an institutional repository. Standards for metadata content, data structures and hierarchies of collections must be followed consistently, and adequate storage for digital media within an institutional repository is necessary to have in advance of anticipated demand for the smooth operation of the IR and continued access to materials. Gray areas between the role of an institutional repository and the role of that organization's archives need to be addressed in the future.Practical implicationsAcademic libraries can be highly successful in producing an institute repository by developing relationships with various organizations on campus in addition to the academic programs. Maintaining standards throughout the IR is crucial to future growth in an organized and consistent manner. Philosophical considerations of the role of the IR should be addressed in the beginning stages of the development of the IR for eliminating confusion and duplication of its contents with other campus organizations.Originality/valueThis paper describes the development of a digital library, created and maintained by an academic library, and its gradual change into a de facto institutional repository. Other libraries in the planning stages or initial steps of creating a campus‐wide digital library or an institutional repository can benefit from the description of possible successes and problems that they could encounter during implementation.
New possibilities for metadata creation in an institutional repository context
Authors: Burk Alan , Al‐Digeil Muhammad , Forest Dominic , Whitney Jennifer 
Published: October 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop automated methods for creating metadata for documents in an institutional repository.Design/methodology/approachTwo methods are examined for automatically building metadata in an institutional repository context. Text mining techniques are employed to discover relationships among documents with similar content, from which are inferred possible values for missing or incomplete metadata elements. Machine learning techniques are used to identify and extract specific metadata element values from document content.FindingsText mining techniques can be used to cluster documents with similar content. This allows values for metadata elements, like keyword, to be projected from documents with established metadata to related documents. Machine learning techniques are found to be reasonably accurate for extracting from documents values for metadata elements, such as, title, author, and abstract. Results show sufficient promise to support the next phase of the project: the development of assistive tools for use by metadata specialists to create or edit document metadata.Originality/valueThis paper focuses on the use of automated metadata extraction techniques to assist metadata creation, lessening the time and effort required to add documents to institutional repositories.
Network transparency in a mountain rescue domain
Authors: McCarthy B. , Edwards C. , Dunmore M. 
Published: October 2007

PurposeThis paper aims to discuss network transparency in a mountain rescue domain and aims to introduce the relatively new research concept of MANEMO (MANET + NEMO) and the mountain rescue IP network model developed at Lancaster University.Design/methodology/approachAn analysis of IP mobility techniques that have been designed for use in the Internet today is provided as background, as well as an overview of the whole MANEMO domain. Highlights the importance of the MANEMO concept by working with real scenarios and developing practical implementations (as opposed to simulation).FindingsDuring the research it was found that combining the localised multi‐hop behaviour of MANET techniques and the global reachability of NEMO can be a mutually beneficial process. The benefits afforded by using MANET techniques can bring advantages to NEMO scenarios and vice‐versa. Identifying this fact has given rise to the development of two distinct MANEMO scenarios, MANET‐Centric and NEMO‐Centric MANEMO. Finally, the Unified MANEMO Architecture (UMA) implementation, which attempts to support both of these scenarios in an efficient and feasible manner.Research limitations/implicationsRegarding UMA, research continues into addressing the security implications of this approach and the benefits that multi‐homing can provide.Originality/valueThe paper illustrates how MANEMO can conceivably provide powerful solutions to many important scenarios.
Deploying authorisation mechanisms for federated services in eduroam (DAMe)
Authors: Cánovas Óscar , Gómez‐Skarmeta Antonio F. , López Gabriel , Sánchez Manuel 
Published: October 2007

PurposeThis paper seeks to present an overview and some preliminary results of the DAMe project. The main goal of this project was to define a unified authentication and authorisation system for federated services hosted in the eduroam network.Design/methodology/approachThis paper presents the main initiatives and technologies related to the DAMe project and some first designs that show how the main goals are already being achieved.FindingsAt present, there are several activities of DAMe in progress, such as the design and implementation of a multiplatform PEAP supplicant, the middleware for managing the SSO tokens and the design of new common services for eduGAIN.Originality/valueThis paper is based on results from the DAMe project and the knowledge of the authors and will be of interest to those in the same field.