bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gefäßfreundlicher Kunststoff
Authors: Jacoby Petra 
Published: October 2005

AbstractDank eines neuartigen Polyurethans können bald vielleicht auch sehr feine Arterien durch synthetische Transplantate ersetzt werden. Der Kunststoff setzt Stickstoffmonoxid (NO) frei und verhindert so, dass sich gefährliche Blutgerinnsel bilden.
Randomized phase II study of weekly docetaxel plus trastuzumab versus weekly paclitaxel plus trastuzumab in patients with previously untreated advanced nonsmall cell lung carcinoma
Authors: Krug Lee M. , Miller Vincent A. , Patel Jyoti , Crapanzano John , Azzoli Christopher G. , Gomez Jorge , Kris Mark G. , Heelan Robert T. , Pizzo Barbara , Tyson Leslie , Sheehan Christine , Ross Jeffrey S. , Venkatraman Ennapadam 
Published: October 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDTrastuzumab is a monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor‐2 (HER‐2). Nonsmall cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) overexpresses HER‐2 protein in approximately 20% of cases. In the current study, the authors combined trastuzumab with weekly taxanes in an attempt to improve outcomes over standard chemotherapy in patients with advanced NSCLC.METHODSThe primary objective was to determine whether docetaxel plus trastuzumab or paclitaxel plus trastuzumab was the superior regimen based on response and toxicity, and to determine whether either regimen was appropriate for further testing in a randomized Phase III trial. After stratification based on the results of HER‐2 immunohistochemistry, chemotherapy‐naive patients were randomized to receive trastuzumab plus docetaxel or trastuzumab plus paclitaxel. The study was designed so patients with or without HER‐2 overexpression would be distributed equally between the study arms.RESULTSImmunohistochemistry for HER‐2 protein expression was attempted for 182 pathologic samples from 169 patients. Twenty‐eight of the 179 evaluable samples (16%) revealed 2+ or 3+ staining. The objective response rate was 23% (7 of 30 patients) in the patients treated with docetaxel plus trastuzumab and 32% (11 of 34 patients) in the patients treated with paclitaxel plus trastuzumab (P=0.76, Wilcoxon test). No difference was noted in the median survival (16 mos vs. 14 mos) or 1‐year survival (57% vs. 55%) (P=0.998). Toxicities were mild in both treatment arms. No difference with regard to response rates or survival was noted between HER‐2–positive (2+ or 3+) and HER‐2–negative (0–1+) patients.CONCLUSIONSThe expression of HER‐2 protein in patients with advanced NSCLC in this study was found to be similar to that reported in previous series. The response rates and toxicities for patients treated with docetaxel and trasuzumab or paclitaxel and trasuzumab were not significantly different, though survival in both arms was better than expected. HER‐2 expression status did not appear to affect outcomes for this uniform group of patients who were treated in a comparable fashion. Because of the infrequency of HER‐2 overexpression, and the absence of improved outcomes in patients with NSCLC who were treated with trastuzumab plus chemotherapy in other studies, neither regimen tested will be advanced to a Phase III trial. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
Angiogenesis with pericyte abnormalities in a transgenic model of prostate carcinoma
Authors: Ozawa Michael G. , Yao Virginia J. , Chanthery Yvan H. , Troncoso Patricia , Uemura Akiyoshi , Varner Amanda S. , Kasman Ian M. , Pasqualini Renata , Arap Wadih , McDonald Donald M. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDPrevious studies of the TRansgenic Adenocarcinoma of the Mouse Prostate (TRAMP) model vasculature suggest that, as tumors develop, vessels invade the glandular epithelium. However, changes in the vasculature are difficult to study in conventional thin tissue sections. The authors used a new approach to characterize morphologic and architectural changes of blood vessels and pericytes during tumor development in TRAMP mice.METHODSEighty‐micron cryostat sections of normal prostate and three histopathologic stages of TRAMP tumor sections, classified by epithelial cell E‐cadherin immunoreactivity, were immunostained with vascular endothelial cell and pericyte receptor antibodies and evaluated by confocal microscopy.RESULTSIn the normal mouse prostate, capillaries were most abundant in the fibromuscular tunica between the epithelium and smooth muscle of the ductules. In the prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) stage, vessels accompanied epithelial cell protrusions into the ductule lumen but remained in the connective tissue at the basal side of the epithelium. Well differentiated tissues had extensive angiogenesis with five times the normal mean vascularity outside ductules. Vessels were of variable diameter, were associated with an increased number of pericytes, and some had endothelial sprouts. Angiogenic blood vessels from poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas were tortuous, variable in caliber, and lacked the normal hierarchy. Pericytes on these vessels had an abnormal phenotype manifested by α‐smooth muscle actin expression and loose association with endothelial cells. Angiogenesis and loss of vascular hierarchy were also found in human prostate carcinoma.CONCLUSIONSVascular abnormalities, which begin at the PIN stage and intensify in well differentiated and poorly differentiated tumors, may be useful readouts for early detection and treatment assessment in prostate carcinoma. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
Existence of an asymptotic velocity and implications for the asymptotic behavior in the direction of the singularity in T3‐Gowdy
Authors: Ringström Hans 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThis is the first of two papers that together prove strong cosmic censorship in T3‐Gowdy space‐times. In the end, we prove that there is a set of initial data, open with respect to the C2 × C1 topology and dense with respect to the C∞ topology, such that the corresponding space‐times have the following properties: Given an inextendible causal geodesic, one direction is complete and the other is incomplete; the Kretschmann scalar, i.e., the Riemann tensor contracted with itself, blows up in the incomplete direction. In fact, it is possible to give a very detailed description of the asymptotic behavior in the direction of the singularity for the generic solutions. In this paper, we shall, however, focus on the concept of asymptotic velocity. Under the symmetry assumptions made here, Einstein's equations reduce to a wave map equation with a constraint. The target of the wave map is the hyperbolic plane. There is a natural concept of kinetic and potential energy density; perhaps the most important result of this paper is that the limit of the potential energy as one lets time tend to the singularity for a fixed spatial point is 0 and that the limit exists for the kinetic energy.We define the asymptotic velocity v∞ to be the nonnegative square root of the limit of the kinetic energy density. The asymptotic velocity has some very important properties. In particular, curvature blowup and the existence of smooth expansions of the solutions close to the singularity can be characterized by the behavior of v∞. It also has properties such that if 0 < v∞(θ0) < 1, then v∞ is smooth in a neighborhood of θ0. Furthermore, if v∞(θ0) > 1 and v∞ is continuous at θ0, then v∞ is smooth in a neighborhood of θ0. Finally, we show that the map from initial data to the asymptotic velocity is continuous under certain circumstances and that what will in the end constitute the generic set of solutions is an open set with respect to C2 × C1 topology on initial data. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Hexaazamacrocycle Containing Pyridine and Its Dicopper Complex as Receptors for Dicarboxylate Anions
Authors: Li Feng , Delgado Rita , Félix Vítor 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThe host–guest binding interactions of the hexaazamacrocycle [26]py2N4, in its tetraprotonated form H4[26]py2N44+ as well as in its dicopper(II) complex [Cu2([26]py2N4)(H2O)4]4+, with dicarboxylate anions of different stereoelectronicrequirements, such as oxalate (ox2–), malonate (mal2–), succinate (suc2–), fumarate (fu2–) and maleate (ma2–), were evaluated. The association constants were determined using potentiometric methods in aqueous solution, at 298.0 K and 0.10 mol·dm–3 KCl. These values for the tetraprotonated ditopic receptor with the dicarboxylate anions revealed that the main species in solution corresponds to the formation of {H4[26]py2N4(A)}2+ (pH ≈ 4–9), A being the substrate anion. The values determined are not especially high, but the receptor exhibits selectivity for the malonate anion. The study of the cascade complexes revealed several species in solution, involving mononuclear and dinuclear complexes, mainly protonated and hydrolysed species, as well as the expected complexes [Cu2([26]py2N4)(A)(H2O)x]2+ or [Cu2([26]py2N4)(A)2(H2O)y]. Ox2– and mal2– form cascade complexes with only one anion, which will necessarily bridge the two copper atoms because of the symmetrical arrangement of the dinuclear complex. The two other studied anions, suc2– and ma2–, form species involving two substrate anions, although species with only one suc2– anion were also found. UV/Vis and EPR spectroscopy have shown that the dicopper complex can operate as a sensor to detect and quantitatively determine oxalate spectrophotometrically because of the red shift of the maximum of the visible band observed by addition of ox2– to an aqueous solution of the dinuclear copper complex. However the selectivity of [Cu2([26]py2N4)(H2O)4]4+ as a receptor for ox2– in the studied series is not sufficiently high to detect ox2– spectrophotometrically in the presence of the other anions. Molecular dynamics simulations indicated that the H4[26]py2N44+ receptor provides a large and flexible cavity to accommodate the studied anions. Molecular recognition is based in electrostatic interactions rather than in multiple hydrogen‐bonding interactions acting cooperatively. By contrast, the [Cu2([26]py2N4)]4+ receptor has a well‐shaped cavity with adequate size to uptake these anions as bridging ligands with formation of four Cu–O bonds. The ox2– anion is encapsulated within the cascade complex while the remaining anions are located above the N6 macrocyclic plane, suggesting a selective coordination behaviour of this receptor. In spite of our molecular simulation being carried out in gas phase, the modelling results are consistent with the solution studies. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
MnII/CoII‐Terephthalate Frameworks Containing Dipyridine Coligands: Syntheses, Crystal Structures, Magnetic Behaviors, and Thermal Studies
Authors: Manna Subal Chandra , Konar Sanjit , Zangrando Ennio , Okamoto Ken‐ichi , Ribas Joan , Ray Chaudhuri Nirmalendu 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThree new metal–organic hybrid polymeric networks of CoII and MnII with the molecular formulae [Co(bpp)(tp)(H2O)2] (1), [Mn(bpds)(tp)(H2O)2]·(bpds) (2), and [Mn(4,4′‐bipy)(H2O)4]·(tp) (3) (bpp = 4,4′‐trimethylenedipyridine; bpds = 4,4′‐bipyridyl disulfide; 4,4′‐bipy = 4,4′‐dipyridyl; tp = terephthalate) have been synthesized and characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction studies, low temperature (300–2 K) magnetic measurements, and thermal behaviors. The structure determination of complexes 1 and 2 reveals a parallel interpenetrated structure of 2D layers with (4,4) topology, with metal ions at the nodes connected through tp and N,N‐donor coligands. The octahedral N2O4 chromophore surrounding the metal ion results from trans located tp oxygens, two water molecules, and two nitrogen donors of the co‐ligands in the cis position. The presence of uncoordinated bpds between the interpenetrated layers leads to the formation of a wafer‐like structure for 2. In complex 3, however, manganese(II) ions bridged by 4,4′‐bipy and coordinated by four water molecules give rise to a 1D polymeric chain. The adjoining chains encapsulate terephthalate anions (tp) to give a 3D structure through H‐bonding. Low‐temperature magnetic data indicate weak antiferromagnetic coupling in complexes 1 and 2. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Trinuclear CuII Complexes Containing Peripheral Ketonic Oxygen Bridges and a μ3‐OH Core: Syntheses, Crystal Structures, Spectroscopic and Magnetic Properties
Authors: Sinha Ray Mau , Chattopadhyay Shouvik , Drew Michael G. B. , Figuerola Albert , Ribas Joan , Diaz Carmen , Ghosh Ashutosh 
Published: October 2005

AbstractFour new trinuclear copper(II) complexes, [(CuL1)3(μ3‐OH)](ClO4)2·H2O (1), [(CuL2)3(μ3‐OH)](ClO4)2 (2), [(CuL3)3(μ3‐OH)](ClO4)2·H2O (3), and [(CuL4)3(μ3‐OH)](ClO4)2·H2O (4), where HL1 = 8‐amino‐4,7,7‐trimethyl‐5‐azaoct‐3‐en‐2‐one, HL2 = 7‐amino‐4‐methyl‐5‐azaoct‐3‐en‐2‐one, HL3 = 7‐(ethylamino)‐4‐methyl‐5‐azahept‐3‐en‐2‐one, and HL4 = 4‐methyl‐7‐(methylamino)‐5‐azahept‐3‐en‐2‐one, have been derived from the four tridentate Schiff bases (HL1, HL2, HL3, and HL4) and structurally characterized by X‐ray crystallography. For all compounds, the cationic part is trinuclear with a Cu3OH core held by three carbonyl oxygen bridges between each pair of copper(II) atoms. The copper atoms are five‐coordinate with a distorted square‐pyramidal geometry; the equatorial plane consists of the bridging oxygen atom of the central OH group together with three atoms (N, N, O) from one ligand whereas an oxygen atom of a second ligand occupies the axial position. Magnetic measurements have been performed in the 2–300 K temperature range. The experimental data could be satisfactorily reproduced by using an isotropic exchange model, H = –J(S1S2+S2S3+S1S3) yielding as best‐fit parameters: J = –66.7 and g = 2.19 for 1, J =–36.6 and g = 2.20 for 2, J = –24.5 and g = 2.20 for 3, andJ = –14.9 and g = 2.05 for 4. EPR spectra at low temperature show the existence of spin frustration in complexes 3 and 4, but it has not been possible to carry out calculations of the antisymmetric exchange parameter, G, from magnetic data. In frozen methanolic solution, at 4 K, hyperfine splitting in all complexes and spin frustration in complex 4 seem to be confirmed. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
New Polymeric Manganese Azide Derivatives with Quinazoline
Authors: Abu‐Youssef Morsy A. M. , Escuer Albert , Langer Vratislav 
Published: October 2005

AbstractTwo new polymeric derivatives of the (azido)MnII system with formula [Mn(H2O)(μ‐N3)(N3)(quinaz)2]n (1) and [Mn(μ‐N3)2(quinaz)2]n (2) (quinaz = quinazoline) have been structurally and magnetically characterised. Compound 1 crystallises in the triclinic system, space group P$\bar {1}$, and consists of 1D chains with single end‐to‐end azido bridges. These chains give a two‐dimensional supramolecular arrangement by means of H‐bond interactions. Compound 2 crystallises in the monoclinic system, space group C2/c, and contains a square alternating 2D network bridged by azido ligands in the end‐to‐end coordination mode. Compound 2 exhibits some unusual features, such as the unprecedented linear coordination of the azido bridge. Magnetic analysis reveals moderate antiferromagnetic coupling, with J values in good agreement with the expected range, as a function of the Mn–N–N bond angles. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Lifetime Improvement of Glucose Biosensor by Epoxy‐Enhanced PVC Membrane
Authors: Yu Bazhang , Moussy Yvonne , Moussy Francis 
Published: October 2005

AbstractA new approach using epoxy resin to enhance the durability and adhesion of a diffusion‐limiting membrane in amperometric biosensors is described. The polymer membrane was mainly composed of commercially available fast epoxy adhesive ATACS 5104, poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) and plasticizers such as isopropyl myristate (IMP) and Aliquat 336 (AL). It can be readily deposited on various substrates by using coating and other thin film fabrication methods. The effect of epoxy resin in the membrane composition was investigated using a coil‐type glucose biosensor containing extra enzyme. The ideal membrane was found to include approximately 1/3 epoxy resin, 1/3 plasticizer and 1/3 PVC. Such a membrane was verified to be porous and permeable to small molecules like glucose and can tightly adhere to other beneath layers such as a Nafion membrane, which serves as the interference‐eliminating layer. These epoxy‐based glucose biosensors showed excellent electrochemical response properties including a long lifetime and can be used for microanalysis of solutions and biological fluids. With an additional PU outermost layer, the present glucose biosensors can potentially be used for in vivo measurements.
Biosensing of Aromatic Amines in Reversed Micelles with Self‐Generation of Hydrogen Peroxide at Glucose Oxidase‐Peroxidase Bienzyme Electrodes
Authors: Morales Maria Dolores , González Maria Cristina , Serra Beatriz , Zhang Jinbiao , Reviejo Ángel Julio , Pingarrón José Manuel 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThe amperometric biosensing of aromatic amines using a composite glucose oxidase (GOD)‐peroxidase (HRP) biosensor in reversed micelles is reported. Rigid composite pellets of graphite and Teflon, in which GOD and HRP were coimmobilized by simple physical inclusion, were employed for the biosensor design. This design allows the in situ generation of the H2O2 needed for the enzyme reaction with the aromatic amines, thus preventing the negative effect that the presence of a high H2O2 concentration in solution has on HRP activity. The H2O2 in situ generation is performed by oxidation of glucose catalyzed by GOD. The effect of the composition of the reversed micelles, i.e., the nature of the organic solvent used as the continuous phase, the nature and concentration of the surfactant used as emulsifying agent, the aqueous 0.05 mol L−1 phosphate buffer percentage used as the dispersed phase, and the glucose concentration in the aqueous phase, on the biosensor response was evaluated. Reversed micelles formed with ethyl acetate, a 5% of phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) containing 3.0×10−3 mol L−1 glucose, and 0.1 mol L−1 AOT (sodium dioctylsulfosuccinate), were selected as working medium. Well‐defined and reproducible amperometric signals at 0.00 V were obtained for p‐phenylenediamine, 2‐aminophenol, o‐phenylenediamine, m‐phenylenediamine, 1‐naphthylamine, o‐toluidine and aniline. The useful lifetime of one single biosensor was of 60 days. The trend in sensitivity observed for the aromatic amines is discussed considering the effect of their structure on the stabilization of the radicals formed in the enzyme reaction which are electrochemically reduced. The behavior of the composite bienzyme electrode was also evaluated in a FI (flow injection) system using reversed micelles as the carrier. The suitability of the composite bienzyme electrode for the analysis of real samples was demonstrated by determining aniline in spiked carrots.
Intracellular uptake of CdSe‐ZnS/polystyrene nanobeads
Authors: Zhang Yong , Huang Ning 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThe ideal optical properties of quantum dots (QDs) offer the possibility of using them as fluorescent probes in biological staining and diagnostics. Some techniques have been developed to incorporate QDs into polymer beads, to solve the problems relating to QDs' surface chemistry, such as water solubility, biocompatibility, chemical stability in physiological media, and so on, or to pack different combinations of QDs and produce QD encoded polymer beads. However, the QD encoded polymer beads that have been reported so far are above 100 nm; therefore they are very useful for multiplexed bioassays, but not suitable for staining or labeling of subcellular components or intracellular measurements because of the relatively big size of the beads. There is great need for QD encoded polymer beads smaller than 100 nm. In this work, luminescent CdSe‐ZnS QDs were incorporated into polystyrene (PS) beads grafted with carboxyl groups with the use of an emulsion polymerization method, and separation of nanoscale QD encoded PS beads (30 nm) was performed through centrifugation at high speed in viscous solution. The nanobeads were further surface modified with folic acid and their intracellular delivery into NIH‐3T3 and HT‐29 cell lines was investigated with the use of confocal microscope. The longevity of QDs allows the intracellular delivery of the nanobeads to be tracked over a certain time period. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2006
Multicontrast delayed enhancement provides improved contrast between myocardial infarction and blood pool
Authors: Kellman Peter , Chung Yiu‐Cho , Simonetti Orlando P. , McVeigh Elliot R. , Arai Andrew E. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractPurposeTo develop and test a delayed‐enhancement imaging method for improving the contrast between myocardial infarction (MI) and blood pool.Materials and MethodsThe T2 of blood is significantly longer than that of acute or chronic MI. The proposed multicontrast delayed‐enhancement (MCODE) imaging method produces a series of images with both T1 and T2 weightings, which provides both excellent contrast between normal and infarcted myocardium, and between blood and MI.ResultsThe subendocardial border between MI and blood pool was easily discriminated in the T2‐weighted image. The measured MI‐to‐blood contrast‐to‐noise ratio (CNR) was better in the T2‐weighted image than in the T1‐weighted image (22.5 ± 8.7 vs. 2.9 ± 3.1, mean ± SD, N = 11, P < 0.001, for TrueFISP, and 19.4 ± 10.8 vs. 3.9 ± 2.3, N = 11, P < 0.001, for TurboFLASH).ConclusionThe MCODE method provides a significant improvement in the ability to easily discriminate subendocardial MI by providing a T2‐weighted image with high contrast between blood and MI. MCODE should improve both the detection and accurate sizing of MI. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2005. Published by Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Flow experiences at work: for high need achievers alone?
Authors: Eisenberger Robert , Jones Jason R. , Stinglhamber Florence , Shanock Linda , Randall Amanda T. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractApplying Csikszentmihalyi's (1990) flow theory of optimal experience to the workplace, two studies examined the relationships of employees' perceived skill and challenge at work and need for achievement with their positive mood, intrinsic task interest, and extra‐role performance. Among achievement‐oriented employees only, high skill and challenge was associated with greater positive mood, task interest, and performance than other skill/challenge combinations. Additionally, positive mood mediated the interactive relationship of skill/challenge and need for achievement with performance. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Linking the Big Five‐Factors of personality to charismatic and transactional leadership; perceived dynamic work environment as a moderator
Authors: De Hoogh Annebel H. B. , Den Hartog Deanne N. , Koopman Paul L. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractIn this multi‐source study we investigated the relationships between the Big Five personality traits and both charismatic and transactional leadership behavior, and whether dynamism (the degree that the work environment is deemed dynamic) moderates these relationships. We also tested whether dynamism moderates the relationship between leadership behavior and effectiveness. Personality was measured through self ratings using the NEO‐PI‐R. Subordinates rated their leaders' behavior, and peers and superiors provided ratings of effectiveness. Consistent with trait activation theory, results showed that perceived dynamic work environment moderated the relationships of four of the Big Five‐Factors with both charismatic and transactional leadership. Also, charismatic leadership was positively related to perceived effectiveness, but only in dynamic contexts. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.