bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COMPARISON OF THE HAPLOTYPES OF THE MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX IN THE RAT
Authors: ŠTark O. , Kunz H. W. , III Gill T. J. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYTwo haplotypes which posed difficult problems in serological identification, those of the HW and MNR/N strains, were studied. The HW strain was originally described as a unique haplotype (H‐1h), but breeding difficulties precluded its detailed serological analysis. The red blood cells of the HW strain agglutinate weakly and cross‐react with antisera to the Ag‐B8 group. Anti‐HW antisera cross‐react strongly with LEW, ACI and WKA, but absorption with these strains did not produce an adequate typing serum. By judicious selection of recipients, however, an appropriate typing reagent could be made; a particularly useful one was (BUF × MR)F1 anti‐HW absorbed with WKA red blood cells. The HW haplotype segregated appropriately in a (DA × HW)F2 population. The HW strain is a low responder to poly (Glu52Lys33Tyr15). The H‐1h haplotype of this strain was designated Ag‐B12.The MNR/N strain had not previously been studied serologically, although its MLR type had been defined as H‐1c (MLR‐5). Antisera to MNR/N crossreacted strongly with the H‐1a, b, d, f haplotypes, but MNR/N red blood cells agglutinated only weakly with many antisera. An operationally monospecific reagent antiserum to the MNR/N haplotype could not be made. The uniquencess of the MNR/N haplotype was shown by F1 tests with LEW.1A, LEW.1D and LEW.1F, by various serological analyses, including production of antisera against MNR/N and in the MR strain; by segregation studies with (LEW × LEW.1D)N5 and (DA × DA.MNR)N4 segregating back‐cross populations, and by grafting skin from (DA × DA.MNR)N4 homozygous and heterozygous animals to DA recipients. The MNR/N strain is a high‐responder to poly (Glu52Lys33Tyr15). The MNR/N haplotype of this strain was designated Ag‐B13 (H‐1m). The data led to the working hypothesis that the MNR/N strain may be a recombination between the A region of H‐1d and the B region of H‐1c. In addition, the H‐1d private specificity at the A region was probably lost by a deletion mutation which left the main complex of public specificities intact.
GENETICS OF SUSCEPTIBILITY TO EXPERIMENTAL AUTOIMMUNE ENCEPHALOMYELITIS STUDIED IN THREE RAT STRAINS
Authors: Lindh J. , Källén B. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYA genetic analysis has been performed on susceptibility to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis using three strains of rats: one susceptible strain (Lewis) and two nearly resistant strains (Fischer and PVG). The (LEW x F)F1 hybrid is highly susceptible, the (LEW x PVG)F1 hybrid nearly resistant. Backcross analysis demonstrates that susceptibility cannot be solely explained by a gene linked to the AgB complex, especially not in the Lewis‐PVG combinations. A hypothesis is presented where susceptibility is regulated by a susceptibility gene linked to the AgB complex and a resistance gene which is not linked to that complex.
RED BLOOD CELL ALLOANTIGENIC SYSTEMS IN THE RAT
Authors: Kunz H. W. , III Gill T. J. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYA new alloantigenic system on red blood cells, Ag‐S, is described: the Ag‐S1 allele is present in the SHR strain, and all other strains tested possess the allelic Ag‐S2 specificity. The Ag‐C system, which was previously described using xenogeneic antisera, was shown to be an alloantigenic system. The appropriate strain combinations are needed to elicit detectable antibodies, and the variability of the antigenic strength of this system can lead to problems in histocompatibility (Ag‐B, H‐1) typing. The Ag‐D system was explored using both allogeneic and xenogeneic antisera. All three red cell systems are not linked to each other and are not linked to Ag‐B (H‐1). They are not isoantigenic systems, at least in the classical sense, since a variety of normal rat sera did not contain agglutinating antibodies to these antigens. Antibodies raised in various strain combinations are haemagglutinating but are not cytotoxic. The three antigenic systems serve as useful markers in delineating strains and substrains, and a variety of inbred strains of animals were typed using these reagents.
A WEAK HUMAN MLR LOCUS MAPPING AT THE RIGHT OF A CROSSING‐OVER BETWEEN HLA‐D, Bf AND GLO
Authors: Mawas C. , Charmot D. , Sivy M. , Mercier P. , North M. L. , Hauptmann G. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYAn unexpected MLR reaction has been observed between three HLA‐identical sibs; it consists of a bidirectional positive MLR between identical female twins and a sister. No argument for a lymphoid mosaic could be found, although twins were frequent in the family; similary no HLA‐A/B or HLA‐B/D recombinant could be demonstrated.The MLR, although weak, was highly reproducible. PLTs could be raised between the sibs, without an apparent segregation in this family nor in five other families, but such PLTs discriminated well between the positive and negative controls. In the absence of any proof that such a weak MLR locus could be on another chromosome than chromosome 6, two lines of argument are indirect evidences that such a locus could be indeed on chromosome 6: one of the sibs differs from the two others for two markers outside HLA‐D‐DR‐Bf: glyoxalate (GLO) and red blood group P.
FAILURE TO FIND H‐2‐ASSOCIATED SUSCEPTIBILITY TO LCM DISEASE
Authors: Neustadt P. M. , Cody T. S. , Monjan A. A. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYNine strains of mice bearing five distinct H‐2 genotypes were inoculated intracerebrally with LCMV. There was no association found between particular K or D allotypes and susceptibility to acute LCM disease.
IMMUNOPATHOGENICITY AND ONCOGENICITY OF MURINE LEUKAEMIA VIRUS: IV. ANTINUCLEAR ANTIBODY RESPONSE AND TUMOUR INDUCTION IN B10.A. RECOMBINANT MICE
Authors: Croker B. P. , Bourdon M. , McConahey P. J. , Dixon F. J. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYThe levels of murine leukaemia virus (MuLV) proteins p30 and gp70, antinuclear antibody (ANA), anti‐soluble nuclear protein, anti‐single‐stranded DNA, anti‐double‐stranded DNA and anti‐histone antibodies were measured in B10.A and B10.A recombinant mice neonatally infected with MuLV‐Scripps (Lerner et al., 1972). The incidence and latency of lymphoma and the incidence of glomerulonephritis were also determined. The mice studied could be divided into high‐responder and low‐responder groups. Most of the high ANA antibody could be attributed to anti‐histone antibody. High response was associated with the H‐2b haplotype and recombinant strains on the B10 background which were identical at the I‐A subregion derived from the H‐2b parental stock. In contrast, low ANA response was associated with the I‐A subregion derived from the H‐2k haplotype. In all groups of virus‐inoculated animals, most animals developed serum elevations of p30 and gp70 and at least 72% of the inoculated animals developed lymphomas. High serum p30 levels correlated inversely with latency and directly with gp70 values. From 4 to 28% of the animals in each virus‐inoculated group had histological evidence of glomerulonephritis, although no clear genetic basis could be ascribed to the incidence of glomerulonephritis, serum p30 or gp70 levels, or latency of lymphoma development.
A SEARCH FOR ASSOCIATION BETWEEN IgD CONCENTRATIONS AND IMMUNOGLOBULIN ALLOTYPES IN 936 SERA FROM A GENETIC ISOLATE IN NEWFOUNDLAND
Authors: Salimonu L. S. , Bryant D. G. , Lange G. de , Marshall W. H. , Newton R. M. , Loghem E. Van 
Published: April 2007

SummaryImmunoglobulin allotype (Gm) data has been analysed against immunoglobulin D (IgD) concentrations in a population study in Newfoundland. There was no significant difference between the distribution of IgD concentrations in people homozygous for the alleles Glm(f) and G3m(b) when compared with people homozygous for the alleles G1m(a) and G3m(g). These findings, involving 573 homozygous individuals as opposed to ninety‐eight in an earlier study on a New York population, do not confirm the earlier findings. Thus a genetic influence on IgD concentration by Gm genes or genes closely linked to them is not universally demonstrable by typing for these four markers and by using the Mancini technique for measuring IgD concentration.
THE H‐2 HISTOCOMPATIBILITY SYSTEM AND LYMPHOCYTE ADHESION:INTERACTION MODULATION FACTOR INVOLVEMENT
Authors: Curtis A. S. G. 
Published: April 2007

SummaryThe effects of thymocyte interaction modulation factor on the adhesion of mouse allogeneic thymocytes and B‐cells are reported. This glycoprotein, produced by short term cultures of thymocytes, has already been described as reducing the adhesion of syngeneic B‐cells, leucocytes and macrophages. Adhesion was measured in suspension culture using the collision efficiency method. This paper reports that:1. In addition to the syngeneic effect of thymocyte IMF in reducing adhesion of certain unlike cell types there is also an allogeneic effect in which an allogeneic T‐IMF will diminish the adhesion of a thymocyte population, or still further reduce the adhesion of a B‐cell population than would a syngeneic T‐IMF.2. Thymocyte IMFs were prepared from different congenic strains and tested on the adhesion of syngeneic and allogeneic thymocytes. When factor and cells were syngeneic or metched at any H‐2 locus except H‐2 D there was no effect on adhesion since it remained at the same value as in controls in their own IMF. But whenever factor and cells were mismatched at H‐2 D there was a marked diminution in the adhesion of the cells.3. Antibodies raised against specific thymocyte IMFs could be used to detect the presence of T‐IMF binding to the surface of cells by immunofluorescence or immune cytolysis. These systems show that the antibodies against thymocyte IMF can be used to type the H‐2 D type of a cell and that these factors are present at the surface of thymocytes and certain other cell types. They confirm that the thymocyte IMF is either in H‐2 D product or is closely associated with H‐2 D locus in its binding and action. They also show that the T‐IMF antigen on non‐lymphocytic types is produced by T‐cells or thymocytes.4. The general relevance of these results is discussed in relation to cell recognition phenomena.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE RESPONSIVENESS OF MATERNAL AND FOETAL LYMPHOCYTES TO PHYTOHAEMAGGLUTININ AND TO MICROBIAL ANTIGENS
Authors: Gill T. J. , Rabin B. S. , Harina B. M. , Taylor F. H. 
Published: April 2007

SummaryThe response of 105 maternal‐foetal lymphocyte pairs to specific and non‐specific stimulation were evaluated using a newly defined method of analysis. There were no significant differences in the responses of maternal or foetal lymphocytes to phytohaemogglutinin (PHA) or the various antigens as a function of concentration over the ranges tested. The maternal lymphocytes were stimulated by all of the antigens and responded to PHA three‐five times more strongly than to the antigens. The foetal lymphocytes were stimulated by PHA and tetanus toxoid only and were suppressed by streptokinase‐streptodornase (SKSD). They responded to stimulation by antigens at a lower level than did the maternal lymphocytes, but they responded at a much higher level to PHA. Unstimulated cultures of foetal lymphocytes incorporated more isotope than did those of maternal lymphocytes in both autologous and AB plasma.The data were cross‐classified to determine whether the responses of the foetal lymphocytes varied concordantly with the responses of the maternal lymphocytes in both autologous and AB plasma by the Chi‐square test for independence and by rank correlation analysis. There was no significant correlaiton in either plasma to stimulation with the antigens. Thus, the presence of antigen reactive lymphocytes in the circulation of the mother does not mean that the foetus is sensitized to that antigen.Comparison of the lymphocyte responses in autologous plasma with those in AB plasma provided evidence for the presence of circulating immunoregulatory substances. Autologous maternal plasma suppressed the lymphocyte responses to high concentrations of candida and SKSD and stimulated the response to mumps, varicella and tetanus toxoid. Autologous fetal plasma suppressed the lymphocyte responses to candida, varicell and SKSD and stimulated the response to PHA. The responsiveness of maternal lymphocytes to PHA was less in foetal plasma than in autologous maternal or AB plasma.
ANTIBODY RESPONSE IN CROSSES BETWEEN HIGH OR LOW IMMUNE RESPONDER AND INBRED STRAINS OF MICE
Authors: Heumann Anne‐Marie , Stiffel C. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYThe global dominance of ‘high’ or ‘low’ genes operating in high (H) or low (L) selected immune responder lines of mice has been studied in F1 hybrids between these lines and various inbred strains of mice. Two antigens were used: cyte, SE) and the alum‐precipitated bovine serum albumin (BSA‐A1). In (H × L)F1 hybrids the H response is partially dominant for the two antigens during the primary response. This is the most frequent feature observed in hybrids between H or L and inbred strains. But some exceptions indicate that the quantitative immune response genes of H and L mice aar not always equivalent to those of inbred strains. In (L x AKR)F1 hybrids immunized with SE, there is a dominance of the L response. Concerning BSA‐A1, an initial, short lasting dominance of L response is observed in (L × C57B1/6)F1 and (L × C3H)F1 hybrids. The lack of secondary response to BSA‐A1, characteristic of the L line, is completely recessive in all hybrids. The question is open whether primary and secondary responses have the same genetic regulation. No overdominance of high or low responsiveness is observed. This means that the main genes regulating the quantitative antibody response have been accumulated in the selected lines.
ANTI‐TISSUE ANTIBODIES AND IMMUNOGLOBULIN LEVELS IN RELATION TO HLA AND OTHER MARKERS IN ICELANDIC FAMILIES
Authors: Williamson N. , Edwards J. H. , Monk K. , McLaughlan P. , Stanworth D. R. , Arnasan A. , Jensson O. , Helgason T. , Kissmeyer‐Nielsen F. , Lamm L. U. , Loghem E. van , Lange G. de 
Published: April 2007

SummaryStudies of 521 sera from the Icelandic cousin marriage project were made to assess the incidence of various anti‐tissue antibodies and the levels of immunoglobulins, as these were considered to be useful markers of the humoral immune response. Comparisons were made between these parameters and the HLA‐A and B antigens, the blood groups, the immunoglobulin allotypes (Gm, Km and Am), the properdin factor (Bf), and other markers.These investigations offered another approach to the study of the sites of action of immune response genes in man. Because the immune response may be expected to differ for each individual and depend at least in part, on the degree of exposure to different antigens, no absolute correlation was expected. There was, however, a marked association between certain IgG anti‐tissue antibodies and HLA antigens. This was most marked for HLA‐A10, B18 and B27, but not for HLA‐A1 or B8.The comparison of immunoglobulin levels with HLA antigens, was less striking, although HLA‐A2 appeared to be associated with low levels of IgE. There were also some associations between immunoglobulin levels and ABO blood groups.
ROLE OF THE H‐2 COMPLEX IN THE HOMING AFFINITY OF INJECTED LYMPHOID CELLS TO THE HOST'S LYMPH NODES
Authors: Viklický V. , Micková Milada 
Published: April 2007

SummaryThe role of H‐2 and non‐H‐2 gene products was studied in a model of non‐immune cell‐cell interactions which underlie the homing affinity to lymph nodes of injected 51Cr‐labelled lymph node cells. The effect of various donor‐recipient combinations was tested by comparing the allogeneic/syngeneic ratio of radioactivity recovered from the lymph nodes. The homing affinity was reduced to about 50% when the donor‐recipient incompatibility extended over the whole H‐2 chromosome. When confined to a single region (H‐2K, I or D) H‐2 incompatibility caused no significant allogeneic inhibition of the homing affinity. The cumulative effect of two partial incompatibilities (K + I or D + I) was, however, reflected in a significant allogeneic inhibition. Non‐H‐2 incompatibilities had, as a rule, a weak effect; the non‐H‐2 gene products may not be directly involved in the cell interactions under test.
H‐2 AND NON ‐H‐2 DETERMINED STRAIN VARIATION IN PALATAL SHELF AND TONGUE ADENOSINE 3’:5’CYCLIC MONOPHOSPHATE: A POSSIBLE ROLE IN THE ETIOLOGY OF STEROID‐INDUCED CLEFT PALATE
Authors: Erickson R. P. , Butley M. S. , Sing C. F. 
Published: April 2007

SummaryThe concentration of cAMP was measured in palatal shelves and tongues of 14.5‐day old foetuses, 14.5‐day old foetuses from steroid treated mothers, and 15.5‐day old foetuses from four inbred lines of mice which represent the four possible combinations of two H‐2 alleles and two residual genetic backgrounds. The incidence of spontaneous and steroid‐induced cleft palate in these four strains was also determined. Analyses of variance of the cAMP data reveal that both the H‐2 region and residual genetic background determine cAMP concentrations in both tissues and on both days of development. Similar analyses of cAMP concentrations after steroid treatments of the mother indicate that the interaction between H‐2 and residual genetic background is significantly different in the injected than in the uninjected mice in both palatal shelves and tongues. The incidence of steroid‐induced cleft palate parallels the palatal shelf concentration of cAMP before steroid treatment of the mother with one exception. These data suggest that a portion of the H‐2 controlled component of susceptibility to steroid‐induced cleft palate is mediated through alterations in the metabolism of cAMP.
ANOTHER LOOK AT THE MOLECULAR VARIABILITY OF H‐2 GENE PRODUCTS
Authors: Lengerová Alena , Matouŝek V. 
Published: April 2007

SummaryAn attempt was made to characterize the amino acid interchanges in the presumably allelic products of MHC (H‐2 and HLA) as revealed by the results published so far of microsequencing analysis of their 20‐30 N‐terminal positions. The distances between interchanged amino acids were judged by several criteria: the Sneath's and Grantham's indices, the classification of the substitutions as intra‐versus intergroup (i.e. groups of chemically related amino acids), the minimum number and type of underlying base substitutions according to the genetic code. The detected variation was also compared to that in highly variable (fibrinopeptides A and B) and highly conservative (histone IV) amino acid sequences. A selection of human haemoglobin α‐chain variants, without known pathological effects, was further used as a standard of reference for intraspecific ‘permissible variation'. The results of these comparisons do not prove, but are not incompatible with, the idea that the function of the H‐2 (HLA) fragment displaying the observed molecular variability, does not impose too rigid a constraint on its structure. Considerably different amino acid sequences might represent functionally more or less equivalent compromises due to neutral mutations which fall into the category of ‘evolutionary noise’ at the molecular level.
LACK OF T‐CELL MEDIATED CYTOTOXICITY IN M‐MSV SYSTEM DEPENDING ON H‐2 HAPLOTYPES
Authors: Biasi G. , Collavo D. , Zanovello Paola , Colombatti A. , Chieco‐Bianchi L. 
Published: April 2007

SummaryThe H‐2 restriction phenomenon was evaluated with regard to the immune response to Moloney sarcoma virus (M‐MSV)‐induced tumours in the mouse. Using an in vitro51Cr release assay the lytic activity of lymphocytes from M‐MSV immune strains of mice, including several H‐2 recombinant strains, was determined on leukaemic cell lines originally induced in mice of different strains by neconatal infection with Moloney leukaemia virus. In analogy with other experimental models, it was observed that a compatibility between effector and target cells at the K and/or D regions is generally necessary and sufficient to obtain the cytotoxic effect. However, for the H‐2d and H‐2b haplotypes, identity at the K or D region respectively was not sufficient for lysis to occur. Attempts to demonstrate that this lack of activity might be associated with the absence of H‐2‐linked Ir responder genes, were not successful.
IMMUNE RESPONSES TO SOME PROTEINS AND SYNTHETIC POLYPEPTIDES IN INBRED STRAINS OF RATS
Authors: Volk Etta , Eddey G. , Kunz H. W. , Gill T. J. 
Published: April 2007

SummaryThe antibody responses to DNP‐bovine gamma globulin, bovine gamma globulin, human serum albumin, ovalbumin, pepsin and five synthetic polypeptides were examined in strains of inbred rats representative of eight common major histocompatibility complex (RT1) haplotypes. With each antigen the antibody response varied considerably among strains, and the data provide many potential strain and antigen combinations with which to study the genetic control of the immune response.
PHYLOGENY OF THE RABBIT γ‐CHAIN DETERMINANTS: A d12‐LIKE ANTIGENIC DETERMINANT IN PRONOLAGUS RUPESTRIS
Authors: Hamers‐Casterman C. , Wittouck E. , Van Der Loo W. , Hamers R. 
Published: April 2007

SummaryA survey for constant region γ‐chain allotypes (de locus) was undertaken in different lagomorph genera. As yet only Pronolagus rupestris, a paleolaginae, showed the presence of a determinant similar to rabbit d12 although it lacked the widespread e15 determinant.All seven individuals possessed the d12 like determinant which was studied by immunodiffusion, haemagglutination inhibition, radiobinding and binding inhibition assays. In addition, a new enzymic method for typing for d12, based on the presence of the asymmetric rabbit hing carbohydrate linked to the d12 characteristic threonine, is presented. This method suggests, however, that, unlike the d12 rabbit, Pronolagus does not seem to have a majority of IgG molecules with a glycosylated hinge.
Mk IN THREE GENERATIONS OF AN ENGLISH FAMILY
Authors: Hodson C. , Lee D. , Cooper D. G. , Giles C. M. , Ikin E. W. , Poole J. , Grimaldi D. , Anstee D. J. 
Published: April 2007

SummaryMk was demonstrated in three generations of an English family. The propositus was detected as a result of an incompatibility in cross‐match. General serological, biochemical and biophysical aspects have been studied.
INHIBITION OF MLC STIMULATOR FUNCTION BY ANTIBODIES DIRECTED TO NON‐HLA ANTIGENS
Authors: Jonker Margreet 
Published: April 2007

SummaryThe properties of five human alloantisera which inhibit the stimulating capacity of cells in an MLC reactions are described. All of the sera showed patterns of inhibition in families which did not correlate with HLA haplotypes. In a large proportion of the families investigated the sera did not react with parental cells but inhibited the cells from one or more of the children. Absorptions were performed with one of these sera using such non‐reactive parental cells. Paternal cells absorbed out the inhibiting activity while maternal cells did not. This indicates that experession of the antigen with which the inhibiting antiserum reacts is insufficient for inhibition and other factors, either environmental or inherited from the mother, influence the capacity of the antiserum to cause inhibition. This antigen was most likely a non‐HLA antigen.