bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The picture theory of seven pathways associated with COVID-19 in the real world
Authors: Lee Jong hoon , Sergi Consolato , Kast Richard E. , Kanwar Badar A. , Altschuler Eric L. , Bourbeau Jean , Oh Sangsuk , Sohn Mun-Gi , Lee Kun Ho , Coleman Michael D. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) induces immune-mediated diseases. Interactions between the host and virus govern induction, resulting in multiorgan impacts. In 2021, as normal life was challenging during the pandemic era, we analyzed SCI journals according to L. Wittgenstein's Tractatus Logi-co-Philosophicus. The pathophysiology of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) involves the following steps: 1) the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE2) and Toll-like receptor (TLR) pathways: 2) the neuropilin (NRP) pathway, with seven papers and continuing with twenty-four: 3) the sterile alpha motif (SAM) and histidine-aspartate domain (HD)-containing protein 1 (SAMHD1) tetramerization pathway, with two papers and continuing with twelve: 4) inflammasome activation pathways, with five papers and continuing with thirteen: 5) the cytosolic DNA sensor cyclic-GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)/stimulator of interferon genes (STING) (cGAS–STING) signaling pathway, with six papers and successful with eleven: 6) the spike protein pathway, with fourteen and continuing with twenty-three: 7) the immunological memory engram pathway, with thirteen papers and successive with eighteen: 8) the excess acetylcholine pathway, with three papers and successful with nine. We reconfirmed that COVID-19 involves seven (1-7) pathways and a new pathway involving excess acetylcholine. Therefore, it is necessary to therapeutically alleviate and block the pathological course harmoniously with modulating innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) if diverse SARS-CoV-2 variants are subsequently encountered in the future.
TOSQ: Transparent object segmentation through query based transformer
Authors: Li Deping , Li Ruiguang , zheng Jiawei 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Sensing transparent objects has many applications in human daily life, including robot navigation and grasping. However, this task presents significant challenges due to the unpredictable nature of scenes that lay beyond transparent objects. This paper aims to solve the transparent object segmentation problem based Transformer. We design a Query Parsing Module (QPM) that formulates the transparent object segmentation task into a dictionary look-up problem and a set of learnable class prototypes as query inputs. Based QPM, we propose a high-performance transformer-based end-to-end segmentation model Transparent Object Segmentation through Query (TOSQ). TOSQ’s encoder is based on the Segformer’s backbone, and its decoder consists of a series of QPM modules. On the Trans10K-V2 dataset, TOSQ significantly outperforms almost all CNN-based and transformer-based methods, fully demonstrating the unique advantages and great potential of TOSQ to solve the semantic segmentation problem of transparent objects in daily human life. The code is publicly available at https://github.com/ldepn/tosq.
Small Molecule APOL1 Inhibitors as a Precision Medicine Approach for APOL1-mediated Kidney Disease
Authors: Zimmerman Brandon , Dakin Leslie , Fortier Anne , Nanou Evanthia , Blasio Angelo , Mann James , Miller Howard , Fletcher Marissa , Wang Tiansheng , Nanthakumar Suganthini , McCarthy Gizelle , Matar Caline , Matsye Prachi , Wang Guanyu , Snyder Phillip , Daniel Kevin , Swamy Harsha , Sullivan Kelly , Bright Franklin , Powers Audrey , Lu Fan , Paula Steven , Khare-Pandit Suvarna , Henry Larry , Hamel Martine , Denis Francois , Nicolas Olivier , Hariparsad Niresh , Kumar Shyamesh , Proctor Jennifer , Senter Timothy , Furey Brinley , Bunnage Mark 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease affects ~10% of people worldwide and there are no disease modifying therapeutics that address the underlying cause of any form of kidney disease. Genome wide association studies have identified the G1 and G2 variants in the apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1) gene as major contributors to a subtype of proteinuric kidney disease now referred to as APOL1‑mediated kidney disease (AMKD). We hypothesized that inhibition of APOL1 could have therapeutic potential for this genetically-defined form of kidney disease. Here we describe the development of preclinical assays and the discovery of highly potent and specific APOL1 inhibitors with drug-like properties. We provide evidence that APOL1 channel activity drives podocyte injury and that inhibition of this activity stops APOL1-mediated cell death and kidney damage in a transgenic mouse model. These preclinical data, combined with recent clinical data, support the potential of APOL1 channel inhibition for the treatment of AMKD.
Load-bearing behaviors of sandwich plates with non-uniformly distributed grid cores: Dynamic impact and blast
Authors: Wang Youlong , Yang Haixia , Chen Jie , Ma Quanjin , SONG Yiheng 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Sandwich plates with grid-core structures possess extensive applications, and non-uniform grid plates (NUGPs) show enhanced potential under varied loading modes. The current study embarks on an investigation into NUGPs by adjusting the dimensions of transverse and longitudinal grid walls. This comprehensive analysis explores the dynamic responses of these plates when subjected to impact and blast loads, focusing on deformation patterns, damage, and the underlying processes. The findings are illustrated as follows. 1) NUGPs, specifically those with an optimized configuration of grid walls termed the d2 structure, display improved resistance to blast and impact loads compared to their uniformly distributed grid plate counterparts. Notably, designs featuring a less dense grid in the central area yield a more evenly distributed damage pattern under impact loads and a lesser severity of damage from blast loads. 2) The study also reveals that under impact loads, the sandwich structure showcases distinct behaviors through three stages evident in the load-displacement curves: initial localized indentation, followed by overall deformation, and ending with deformation recovery. 3) Moreover, when facing blast loads, the initial response involves rapid plastic deformation of the upper skin, succeeded by compression and buckling of the core. This sequence effectively dissipates energy, acting as a protective shield for the lower skin. 4) The optimized NUGPs design achieves a perfect balance between stiffness and ductility, reducing displacement through adequate stiffness while ensuring the effective absorption of dynamic forces through significant ductility, thus preventing catastrophic failure. This research significantly advances topology optimization for sandwich plates, providing essential insights for designing lightweight structures resilient under various modes.
The relationship between childhood maltreatment and later disordered eating behaviors among the Tunisian population: mediating role of emotion dysregulation.
Authors: Turki Mariem , ali Amal Hadj , Chaari Imen , Abid Wissal , Aribi Lobna , Halouani Najla , Ellouze Sahar , Aloulou Jihene 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background and aims:
Eating disorders (EDs) are a major public health problem, due to their serious psychological, somatic, and social consequences. Previous studies have extensively documented the role of childhood maltreatment (CM) in the development of EDs. Some authors suggest that emotion dysregulation plays a mediating role in this relationship.
This study aimed to examine the association between CM and EDs in the Tunisian population, by considering emotion dysregulation as a mediator.
Methods:
We conducted a cross-sectional, descriptive, analytical, and mediational study among members of Facebook groups using an online questionnaire from February 17, 2023, to May 26, 2023. The Eating Attitude Test (EAT-26) was used to assess the risk of developing EDs. Emotion dysregulation and CM were assessed via the "Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale" (DERS) and the “Childhood Trauma Questionnaire” (CTQ), respectively.
Results:
According to our bivariate analysis, EDs were associated with younger age (p<0,001), female gender (p<0,001), unmarried status (p=0,001), low socioeconomic status (p=0,002), high education level (p<0.001), psychiatric history (p<0,001), physical activity (p=0,038), greater difficulty in emotion regulation (p<0,001) and higher levels of CM (p<0,001). According to the multivariate analysis, female gender (p= 0,006), psychiatric history (p<0,001), and greater emotion dysregulation (p= 0.001) were significantly associated with a greater risk of EDs. Mediation analysis revealed that emotion dysregulation fully mediated the relationship between CM and EDs among the general Tunisian population.
Conclusion:
Our findings align with previous research findings suggesting a relationship between CM and EDs and confirming the role of emotion dysregulation as a mediator. This underlines the importance of preventing and early detecting CM, particularly in schools. Moreover, in the context of treating EDs, emotion regulation appears to be an important psychotherapeutic target.
Increased future ocean heat uptake constrained by Antarctic sea ice extent
Authors: Vogt Linus , de Lavergne Casimir , Sallée Jean-Baptiste , Kwiatkowski Lester , Frölicher Thomas , Terhaar Jens 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The ocean moderates global warming by absorbing most of the excess heat resulting from anthropogenic climate change. However, this ocean heat uptake also causes sea level rise, more frequent extreme events, ocean deoxygenation, and multiple impacts on marine ecosystems. Despite their importance for informing climate mitigation and adaptation measures, ocean heat uptake projections still strongly differ between climate models. Here, we provide improved global ocean heat uptake projections by identifying a relationship between present-day Antarctic sea ice extent and future ocean heat uptake across an ensemble of 28 state-of-the-art climate models. Models with a higher present-day sea ice extent also simulate greater sea ice loss over the 21st century, a stronger global cloud feedback and atmospheric warming, and hence increased ocean heat uptake. By combining this relationship with satellite observations of Antarctic sea ice, we reduce the uncertainty of ocean heat uptake projections under realistic future emissions scenarios by 12-33%, and show that models underestimate present-day sea ice extent and consequently future ocean heat uptake by 5-7%. Our findings indicate that accounting for biases in the Southern Ocean mean state in the latest generation of climate models implies larger future climate warming.
Photochemical affinity switches to resolve ligand dissociation from a G protein-coupled receptor by time-resolved serial crystallography
Authors: Standfuss Jörg , Glover Hannah , Sassmannshausen Torben , Bertrand Quentin , Trabuco Matilde , Slavov Chavdar , Bacchin Arianna , Andres Fabio , Kondo Yasushi , Stipp Robin , Wranik Maximillian , Khusainov Georgii , Kekilli Demet , Nan Jie , Gonzalez Ana , Cheng Robert , Neidhart Werner , Weinert Tobias , Leonarski Filip , Dworkowski Florian , Kepa Michal , Wachtveitl Josef , Hennig Michael 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest family of cell surface receptors in humans. The binding and dissociation of ligands tunes the inherent conformational flexibility of these important drug targets towards distinct functional states. To trigger such protein-ligand interaction dynamics within the human adenosine A2A receptor, we designed seven photochemical affinity switches derived from the anti-Parkinson’s drug istradefylline. In a rational approach based on UV/Vis spectroscopy, time-resolved absorption spectroscopy, differential scanning fluorimetry and cryo-crystallography, we identified compounds suitable for time-resolved serial crystallography. Our analysis of millisecond-scale dynamics revealed how trans-cis isomerization shifts selected istradefylline derivatives within the binding pocket. Depending on the chemical nature of the ligand, this disrupts interactions between extracellular loops 2 and 3, acting as a lid on the binding pocket, followed by large-scale receptor rearrangements upon ligand dissociation. This innovative approach provides insights into GPCR dynamics at the atomic level, offering potential for developing novel pharmaceutics.
Safe use of hydrogen energy: review on hydrogen self- ignition and generated hydrogen jet fire
Authors: Zhi Shujie , Li Shuhong , Zhou Rui , Liu Luoqian , Peng Shiyao , Chai Chong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

In the fight against climate change, hydrogen is seen as a promising sustainable energy alternative to fossil fuels. However, its wider adoption has raised safety issues, particularly regarding spontaneous combustion without an external spark. To ensure safe and sustainable hydrogen use, researchers have developed a thorough research approach targeting hydrogen's potential for spontaneous combustion. Progress has been made in understanding this phenomenon within transparent extension tubes, examining various factors like tube dimensions, curvature, shape, and rupture disc properties. These studies have revealed consistent trends. Simulations have helped explain how hydrogen auto-ignites, often starting at the tube wall, especially in high-pressure situations where it interacts with hot air and expands cold fuel. Researchers have also created mathematical models related to ignition dynamics. Yet, there's limited experimental data on hydrogen jet self-ignition in open spaces. Some simulations suggest that high-pressure hydrogen can ignite spontaneously even without a confinement, but the ignition event is so brief that it's difficult to capture experimentally. Moreover, scholars are creating more accurate empirical formulas based on extensive experimental statistics that connect internal tube ignition to external jet flames. The accuracy of these empirical estimates improves as more experimental data becomes available.
Limited Cell-Autonomous Anticancer Mechanisms in Long-Lived Bats
Authors: Gorbunova Vera , Athar Fathima , Zheng Zhizhong , Riquier Sebastien , Zacher Max , Galazyuk Alex , Cooper Lisa , Schountz Tony , Alcock Dominic Alcock , Wang Lin-Fa , Teeling Emma , Seluanov Andrei 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Bats are remarkably long-lived for their size with many species living more than 20-40 years, suggesting that they possess efficient anti-aging and anti-cancer defenses. Here we investigated requirements for malignant transformation in primary bat fibroblasts in four bat species - little brown bat (Myotis lucifugus), big brown bat (Eptesicus fuscus), cave nectar bat (Eonycteris spelaea) and Jamaican fruit bat (Artibeus jamaicensis) – spanning the bat evolutionary tree and including the longest-lived genera. We show that bat fibroblasts do not undergo replicative senescence and express active telomerase. Bat cells displayed attenuated stress induced premature senescence with a dampened secretory phenotype. Unexpectedly, we discovered that bat cells could be readily transformed by only two oncogenic perturbations or “hits”: inactivation of either p53 or pRb and activation of oncogenic RASV12. This was surprising because other long-lived mammalian species require up to five hits for malignant transformation. Additionally, bat fibroblasts exhibited increased p53 and MDM2 transcript levels, and elevated p53-dependent apoptosis. The little brown bat showed a genomic duplication of the p53 gene. We hypothesize that bats evolved enhanced p53 activity through gene duplications and transcriptional upregulation as an additional anti-cancer strategy, similar to elephants. In summary, active telomerase and the small number of oncogenic hits sufficient to malignantly transform bat cells suggest that in vivo bats rely heavily on non-cell autonomous mechanisms of tumor suppression.
Evaluating the Difference in Gaze Patterns for 360° Video-Based and 3D Modeled Virtual Environments
Authors: Itani Ibrahim , Antlej Kaja , Mortimer Michael , Horan Ben 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Advances in digital technology enable developers to enhance the empathic connection between the user and the displayed content. Three-dimensional (3D) digital technologies such as Virtual Reality (VR) present the opportunity to communicate engaging content in different visualization styles. However, VR experiences induce cognitive load, distracting users. The effects of such VR experiences on users, particularly in VR, have not been evaluated in depth. This paper uses eye-tracking technology to assess the impact of different visualization styles and perspective-taking (PT) capabilities on user engagement in VR experiences. This research adopts the case of manufacturing, which is perceived negatively in the post-industrial city of Geelong. This study utilizes two VR visualization styles, 360° video-based and 3D modeled environments. The research then categorizes the participants into two levels of PT capabilities: low and high PT groups. Results demonstrated that 360° video-based experiences provide higher visual engagement, improving user attentiveness with lower saccade amplitude and velocity, resulting in a more efficient browsing pattern. In addition, comparing users’ PT empathic levels shows no difference between low and high PT participants in saccade and fixation events. These findings provide valuable insights into the design process of engaging and efficient VR experiences.
A multidimensional investigation of sleep and biopsychosocial profiles with associated neural signatures
Authors: Perrault Aurore , Kebets Valeria , Kuek Nicole , Cross Nathan , Tesfaye Rackeb , Pomares Florence , Li Jingwei , Chee Michael , Dang-Vu Thien Thanh , Yeo B.T. Thomas 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Sleep is essential for optimal functioning and health. Interconnected to multiple biological, psychological and socio-environmental factors (i.e., biopsychosocial factors), the multidimensional nature of sleep is rarely capitalized on in research. Here, we deployed a data-driven approach to identify sleep-biopsychosocial profiles that linked self-reported sleep patterns to inter-individual variability in health, cognition, and lifestyle factors in 770 healthy young adults. We uncovered five profiles, including two profiles reflecting general psychopathology associated with either reports of general poor sleep or an absence of sleep complaints (i.e., sleep resilience) respectively. The three other profiles were driven by sedative-hypnotics-use and social satisfaction, sleep duration and cognitive performance, and sleep disturbance linked to cognition and mental health. Furthermore, identified sleep-biopsychosocial profiles displayed unique patterns of brain network organization. In particular, somatomotor network connectivity alterations were involved in the relationships between sleep and biopsychosocial factors. These profiles can potentially untangle the interplay between individuals' variability in sleep, health, cognition and lifestyle — equipping research and clinical settings to better support individual’s well-being.
Post-Penetration Development, Pathogenicity and Histological Changes in Ridge gourd infected by Root-Knot Nematode (Meloidogyne incognita)
Authors: V BASAVARAJ , Bilebhavi Chaitra M , S Shraddha , Sharada M S , R Sampathkumar M , M Mahesh H 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Ridge gourd (Luffa acutangula (L.) Roxb.) is a crucial warm-season vegetable crop cultivated extensively in India and tropical regions of Asia and Africa. Despite its medicinal significance and popularity in Indian cuisine, Ridge gourd faces numerous biotic stressors, with root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) being one of the most prevalent. This study aimed to investigate the post-penetration development of Meloidogyne incognita on Ridge gourd, assessing its pathogenicity and histopathological changes induced in the host plants. Under controlled laboratory and glasshouse conditions, experiments were conducted to observe nematode penetration and development stages, as well as the impact of nematode inoculum levels on Ridge gourd growth parameters and chlorophyll content. Histopathological studies were performed to visualize anatomical changes in infected roots. Results demonstrated swift penetration and developmental progression of M. incognita within Ridge gourd roots, culminating in reproductive stages. Pathogenicity assessments revealed a dose-dependent relationship between nematode density and plant damage, with higher inoculum levels resulting in significant reductions in growth parameters and chlorophyll content. Histopathological analyses unveiled extensive damage to root tissues, including gall formation and anatomical abnormalities. This study enhances the understanding of M. incognita interactions with Ridge gourd, emphasizing the need for effective management strategies to mitigate nematode-induced losses in agricultural productivity.
Spatial Heterogeneity in Climate Change: Evidence from Brazilian Biomes
Authors: Rodarte Adriano Braga , Laurini Márcio Poletti 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

We present a methodology designed to study the spatial heterogeneity of climate change. Our approach involves decomposing the observed changes in temperature patterns into multiple trend, cycle, and seasonal components within spatio-temporal models. We apply this method to test the hypothesis of a global long-term temperature trend against multiple trends in distinct biomes. Applying this methodology, we delve into the examination of heterogeneity of climate change in Brazil — a country characterized by a spectrum of climate zones. The findings challenge the notion of a global trend, revealing the presence of distinct trends in warming effects, and more accelerated trends for the Amazon and Cerrado biomes, indicating a composition between global warming and deforestation in determining changes in permanent temperature patterns.
The protective effect of sildenafil on colon anastomosis in a rat model undergoing hypertermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy
Authors: Başak Ahmet , Aydın Mehmet Timuçin , Fersahoğlu Mehmet Mahir , Taşdelen İksan , Somay Adnan , Teke Emre , Durum Erdem , Memişoğlu Kemal 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of sildenafil on colonic anastomosis healing in rats treated with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy.
Method: In our study, 30 Wistar-albino rats were used. 30 rats were divided into 3 groups: the sildenafil, control and sham groups. Left colon anastomosis was performed on rats in all three groups.The HIPEC procedure was applied to sildenafil group and control group. During the postoperative period, sildenafil was given orally to the sildenafil group. On the 7th day, the anastomotic loop was excised, and bursting pressure, and adhesion were evaluated. Anastomotic loop was evaluated histopathologically. The results were compared statistically.
Results: When the results were evaluated considering bursting pressure, and adhesion between the sildenafil group and control group, there was no difference. Considering adhesion, the sham group was superior to the other two groups. Histopathological examination reveals that the sham group was significantly superior to the other two groups in terms of anastomototic re-epitelization and muscle separation. There was a significant difference between the sildenafil group and the control group in terms of fibrosis and granulation.
Conclusion: On colon anastomosis performed together with HIPEC application, histopathologically positive effects of sildenafil were observed. The burst pressure of colon anastomosis was not significantly different.