bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative assessment of methane emissions from the manure of Mexican Creole Hairless Pigs and Commercial Pigs fed the same diet
Authors: Angel‐Hernandez Arturo , Torres‐Zúñiga Ixbalank , García‐Munguía Carlos Alberto , Costilla‐Salazar Rogelio , Cea‐Barcia Glenda Edith 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPig production contributes significantly to the high environmental footprint of the livestock sector. Therefore, in this framework, a transition toward more sustainable production is essential. Local natural livestock resources, such as Mexican Creole Hairless Pigs, provide a good opportunity to achieve sustainable pig production. In the present study, a first approximation to compare the carbon emissions of Mexican Creole Hairless Pig manure from Commercial Pig manure is presented. Under the same feeding and housing conditions, the specific methane emissions of both Mexican Creole Hairless Pigs and Commercial Pigs manure were determined experimentally at room temperature. In addition, specific methane production kinetics was modeled using the Gompertz equation to estimate the specific methane production rate. The methane emission factors for Mexican Creole Hairless Pig manure (0.33 ± 0.02 kg[CO2‐eq]/LU per day) were half those of Commercial Pig manure (0.7 ± 0.04 kg[CO2‐eq]/LU per day), and biochemical manure analysis suggested that Mexican Creole Hairless Pigs had better digestibility of the diet. In general, due to physiological factors such as food intake rate and gut microbiota development, which could influence the fat and fiber digestibility of Creole genotypes, pig genotype should be included as an additional factor to estimate greenhouse gas emissions from pig manure. The production of Mexican Creole Hairless Pigs in an extensive local system is therefore an attractive option for developing new sustainable markets.
Toward social media forensics through development of iOS analyzers for evidence collection and analysis
Authors: Hyder Muhammad Faraz , Arshad Saadia , Fatima Tasbiha 
Published: March 2024

SummarySocial media usage in mobile phones has increased substantially in recent times, and they are a critically important source of a forensics investigation. In this paper, we have developed Python‐based forensic analyzers that are integrated with the open‐source tool Autopsy. The proposed analyzers find forensic artifacts from the three most widely used social media messaging applications, that is, WhatsApp, Instagram, and Facebook Messenger. This research focuses on finding forensic artifacts stored by these social media applications on an iOS device. These analyzers extract data critical for a forensic investigation such as text messages, media attachments, sender and receiver details, timestamps, contact information, and other related forensics data from the full file system image of iOS devices. These Python‐based plugins extract the required data from the social media applications' databases and present the evidential artifacts in a human‐readable format. We integrated these analyzers into the Autopsy Forensics tool and showcased the gathered evidence so that investigators are capable to analyze the extracted information effortlessly. The data integrity is maintained by converting it into readable form without permanently altering the database format. The results prove that the proposed analyzers can successfully extract and analyze forensics data at a low computational overhead.
Effect of DBD Plasma Treatment on Activity of Mo‐Based Sulfur‐Resistant Methanation Catalyst
Authors: Jiao Hao , Wang Baowei , Zhang Yingjie 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBy combining the advantages of dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) low temperature plasma and fluidized bed, the effect of plasma on the performance of supported Mo‐based catalyst was studied in this paper. The performance of the catalyst obtained by plasma treatment, calcined, plasma+calcined was compared, and the appropriate catalyst preparation scheme was explored. Comparing with the three catalysts, it was concluded that the catalyst average conversion after 30 W plasma treatment is 33.40 %, which was 8.94 % and 12.75 % higher than the other two, respectively. The structure and properties of the catalyst were characterized by N2‐Physisorption, H2‐chemisorption, XRD, TEM, XPS, Raman and NO‐pulse adsorption. Then, by analyzing the characterization results, it can be seen that plasma can make the catalyst have a higher specific surface area and a more dispersed active metal with smaller grain size. Through the surface species identification characterization, it was found that plasma can produce more defective structures and expose more active sites, which is the main reason for the difference in conversion.
Enantioseparation via Chiral Supramolecular Gels Comprising Ambidextrous Gelators Based on β‐Peptide‐type Primary Amines
Authors: Kodama Koichi , Obata Masato , Hirose Takuji 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWhile β‐peptides have been paid attention due to their diverse secondary structures, their application to the design of low‐molecular‐weight gelators (LMWGs) is less explored. In this work, chiral cyclic β‐amino acid‐based β‐peptides were developed as ambidextrous LMWGs, wherein multiple hydrogen bonds between the amide moieties led to high gelation ability. Their molecular assembly was elucidated using spectroscopies, microscopy, and X‐ray analysis. Further, the supramolecular gel was used as a platform for the enantioselective extraction of (S)‐naproxen from its racemate under optimized conditions. These findings have expanded the utility of β‐peptides and shown the potential of supramolecular gels as a distinct dynamic medium for enantiomer separation.
Uranium Chemistry in liquid Ammonia: Compounds obtained by adventitious Presence of Moisture or Air
Authors: Graubner Tim , Woidy Patrick , Baer Sebastian A. , Karttunen Antti J. , Kraus Florian 
Published: March 2024

AbstractUCl4, UBr4, UBr5, or UO2Cl2 reacted with excess liquid ammonia – in adventitious presence of moisture and/or air – and formed some peculiar uranium compounds of which we present the crystal structures. [(NH3)7(N3)U(μ‐O)U(NH3)8]Cl5 ⋅ 7NH3 contains a dinuclear μ‐O‐bridged uranium(IV) cation, [{(NH3)4UO2}2(μ‐O)]Cl2 ⋅ 4NH3 features a dinuclear μ‐O‐bridged uranyl(VI) cation, while the compounds [(U(VI)O2)2(U(V)O2)2(μ3‐O)2(NH3)12]Br2 ⋅ 6NH3 and [(U(VI)O2)4(U(V)O2)4(μ3‐O)4(NH3)22]Br4 ⋅ 16NH3 are mixed‐valent containing uranyl(V)‐uranyl(VI) units. For these tetra‐ and octanuclear complex cations we observed that the O atoms of the uranyl(V) units can be μ2‐ and even μ3‐bridging to uranyl(VI) units, while the O atoms of the latter are acting as terminal ligands only. [(NH3)8U(μ‐N)U(NH3)5(μ‐N)UO2(NH3)4]Br6 ⋅ 18NH3 presents the first example of a compound where the isoelectronic species UO22+ and UN2 formed a complex with the NUN unit bridging to the U atom of the uranyl(VI) cation. As it is can be difficult to distinguish between N and O atoms with X‐ray diffraction, quantum‐chemical calculations at the DFT‐PBE0/TZVP level of theory were carried out which unequivocally confirmed the atom assignments in the crystal structures. The chemical bonding in the complex cations was studied using intrinsic bonding orbitals and allowed for an additional discrimination of the U(V) and U(VI) atoms in the mixed‐valent compounds.
Exploitation of Mechanistic Product Selectivity for the Two‐Step Synthesis of Optically Active Bio‐Derived Cyclic Carbonates Incorporating Amino Acids
Authors: Jaraba Cabrera Diego , Álvarez‐Miguel Lucía , Hernando Rodríguez Adrián , Hamilton Alex , Mosquera Marta E. G. , Whiteoak Christopher J. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe synthesis of bio‐derived cyclic carbonates is attracting a lot of attention as the incorporation of bio‐derived functionality into these compounds provides the opportunity to prepare previously unknown structures, whilst also improving their sustainability profiles. This study presents a facile preparation of diastereomerically pure bio‐derived cyclic carbonates displaying a range of optical rotation values. These compounds are obtained from glycidol, amino acids and CO2 in a facile two‐step approach. Initially, the diastereomerically pure amino acid functionalised epoxides are prepared through a robust Steglich esterification of enantiopure glycidol (R or S) and an amino acid (D or L). Thereafter, in a second step, cycloaddition of the epoxide with CO2 results in the retention of the initial stereochemistry of the epoxide, furnishing novel diastereomerically pure and optically active cyclic carbonate products. A DFT study has explained the basis of this observed retention of configuration for these compounds. Further, results from this DFT study also provide new mechanistic information concerning a co‐catalyst‐free cycloaddition reaction starting from glycidol when using the gallium‐catalyst, which is found to operate through metal‐ligand cooperativity.
AutoML‐based predictive framework for predictive analysis in adsorption cooling and desalination systems
Authors: Krzywanski Jaroslaw , Sztekler Karol , Skrobek Dorian , Grabowska Karolina , Ashraf Waqar Muhammad , Sosnowski Marcin , Ishfaq Kashif , Nowak Wojciech , Mika Lukasz 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAdsorption cooling and desalination systems have a distinct advantage over other systems that use low‐grade waste heat near ambient temperature. Since improving their performance, including reliability and failure prediction, is challenging, developing an efficient diagnostic system is of great practical significance. The paper introduces artificial intelligence (AI) and an automated machine learning approach (AutoML) in a real‐life application for a computational diagnostic system of existing adsorption cooling and desalination facilities. A total of 1769 simulated data points containing data indicating a failure status are applied to develop a comprehensive AI‐based Diagnostic (AID) system covering a wide range of 42 input parameters. The paper introduces a conditional monitoring system for adsorption cooling and desalination systems. The novelty of the presented study mainly consists of two aspects. First, the intelligent system predicts the health or failure states of various components in a complex three‐bed adsorption chiller installation using the extensive input data sets of 42 different operating parameters. The developed AID expert tool, based on selecting the best from 42 models generated by the DataRobot platform, was validated on the complex, existing three‐bed adsorption chiller. The AID system correctly identified healthy and failure states in various installation components. The developed expert system is very efficient (AUC = 0.988, RMSE = 0.20, LogLoss = 0.14) in predicting emergency states. The proposed method constitutes a quick and easy technique for failure prediction and represents a complementary tool compared to the other condition monitoring methods.
Fractional order modeling based optimal multistage constant current charging strategy for lithium iron phosphate batteries
Authors: Rao K. Dhananjay , Chappa Anilkumar , Chaitanya SVNSK , Hemachander A. , Teja B. Phani , Dawn Subhojit , Prasad Miska , Ustun Taha Selim 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe primary power source for electric vehicles (EVs) is batteries. Due to the superior characteristics like higher energy density, power density, and life cycle of the lithium iron phosphate (LFP) battery is most frequently chosen among the various types of lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). The main issues that users encounter are the time required to charge an EV battery and the safety of the EV battery during the charging period. The fast‐charging means, charging a battery with high currents which may lead to a rise in the temperature of a battery. The abrupt rise in battery temperature may cause changes in the internal chemical structures of the battery, reducing battery life even further. In this regard, an optimal charging profile design is of utmost importance in order to satisfy dual objectives simultaneously such as less charging time and improvement in life of the battery. To overcome the conflict between charging speed and rise in temperature an optimal multistage constant current (MSCC) based charging strategy has been investigated under different operating conditions. In addition, the proposed charging profiles have been studied using experimentation.
The effect of aqueous extract of Arctium lappa root on the survival of Lactobacillus acidophilus La‐5 and Bifidobacterium bifidum Bb‐12 and sensorial and physicochemical properties of synbiotic yogurt
Authors: Vanaki Elmira , Kamkar Abolfazl , Noori Negin , Azizian Asghar , Mohammadkhan Fatemeh 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe effect of aqueous extract of Arctium lappa root (ALE) on the survival of Lactobacillus acidophilus La‐5 and Bifidobacterium bifidum Bb‐12 probiotic bacteria and sensory and physicochemical properties of synbiotic yogurt was evaluated during 4 weeks storage at 4°C. According to this study, using 0.5% and 1% ALE significantly affected the survival of La‐5 and Bb‐12 during storage. The results showed that 1% of ALE counting of La‐5 and Bb‐12 has been reached from 6.96 and 8.14 Log CFU/g to 7.3 and 7.30 Log CFU/g after 28 days of storage. Moreover, adding 1% ALE to yogurt enhanced antioxidant activity and phenolic content to 1299.8 mg gallic acid/kg and 392.8 mg BHT eq./kg compared with the control (without extract) after storage, respectively. In general, in yogurt containing ALE, a decrease in Syneresis, undesirable changes in taste, texture, and appearance, and reduced overall acceptances were observed compared to the control. In conclusion, using this prebiotic compound (ALE) can improve nutritional properties and probiotic protection in yogurt during long time storage; thus, it is a good choice for application in the dairy industry.
Postoperative inpatient surgical complications following head and neck microvascular free tissue transfer
Authors: Abdulbaki Hasan , Ha Patrick K. , Knott Philip D. , Park Andrea M. , Seth Rahul , Heaton Chase M. , Wai Katherine C. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundComplications following head and neck microvascular free tissue transfer (MFTT) are common. Less is known about when they occur.MethodRetrospective study of patients with primary or recurrent head and neck cancer undergoing MFTT reconstruction at a tertiary care institution. MFTT reconstructions with inpatient postoperative complications were included. The Kruskal–Wallis test was used to compare median postoperative day (POD) onset of complication by flap type.ResultsOf 1090 patients undergoing MFTT reconstruction, 126 (11.6%) patients experienced inpatient complications including fibula (n = 35), anterolateral thigh (n = 60), or radial forearm (n = 31) MFTTs. POD onset was shortest for surgical site hematoma (median = 1 [IQR 1–5]), and longest for donor site infection (median = 11.5 [IQR 8–15]). There was no significant difference between flap types and POD onset of complications (p > 0.05).ConclusionHematoma formation and flap failure occur earliest during hospitalization, while dehiscence, infection, and fistula occur later. There is no difference in complication timing between flap types.
How do infectious diseases affect high‐performance athletes? Norovirus during the Lima 2019 Pan American Games
Authors: Contreras‐Pulache Hans , Carpio‐Quintana Víctor , Pineda‐Vidangos Vanessa , Mello Loayza Gianmarco , Moya‐Salazar Jeel 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsThe incidence of infectious diseases among athletes during international competitions is a concern for public health. In this study, we aim to report six cases of norovirus‐associated gastroenteritis among athletes in Lima 2019 Pan American Games, a multisport event held in Peru.ResultsDuring the Lima 2019 event, there were no reported outbreaks or cases of most frequent diseases, however, six cases (0.09%) of norovirus‐associated gastroenteritis were reported. The clinical stage of the cases was self‐limited to 2 days, and the main treatment was fluid replacement. Of the six affected athletes, five came from the United States and one from Chile. Only one karate athlete from the United States, could not continue with the competition due to the illness.ConclusionsThe incidence of norovirus‐associated gastroenteritis among athletes in Lima 2019 was low, and the clinical course of the illness was self‐limited. We conducted a retrospective analysis of medical records of athletes who presented with gastroenteritis using the Panam Sport In previous sporting events, such as the 2017 World Athletics Championships in London, Injury and Illness Surveillance System. These findings can inform the development of public health strategies for the prevention and control of infectious diseases among athletes during international competitions.
Impact of Medicaid expansion on pregnancy outcomes among women with gestational diabetes
Authors: Akinyemi Oluwasegun , Ogundare Temitope , Fasokun Mojisola , Nwokolo Vania , Weldeslase Terhas , McDonald Vanesa , Colon‐Santos Lyanne , Luo Guoyang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe Affordable Care Act (ACA) aims to broaden health care access and significantly impacts obstetric practices. Yet, its effect on maternal and neonatal outcomes among women with gestational diabetes across diverse demographics is underexplored.ObjectiveThis study examines the impact of the implementation of the ACA on maternal and neonatal health in Maryland with ACA implementation and Georgia without ACA implementation.MethodologyWe used data from the Maryland State Inpatient Database and US Vital Statistics System to assess the ACA's influence on maternal and neonatal outcomes in Maryland, with Georgia serving as a nonexpansion control state. Outcomes compared include cesarean section (CS) rates, low Apgar scores, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admissions, and assisted ventilation 7 h postdelivery. We adjusted for factors including women's age, race, insurance type, preexisting conditions, prior CS, prepregnancy obesity, weight gain during pregnancy, birth weight, labor events, and antenatal practices.ResultsThe study included 52 479 women: 55.8% from Georgia and 44.2% from Maryland. Post‐ACA, CS rates were 45.1% in Maryland versus 48.2% in Georgia (P = 0.000). Maryland demonstrated better outcomes, including lower rates of low Agar scores (odds ratio [OR], 0.74 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.63–0.86]), assisted ventilation (OR, 0.79 [95% CI, 0.71–0.82]), and NICU admissions (OR, 0.76 [95% CI, 0.71–0.82]), but no significant change in CS rates (OR, 0.96 [95% CI, 0.92–1.01]).ConclusionAfter ACA implementation, Maryland showed improved maternal and neonatal outcomes compared with Georgia, a nonexpansion state.
Pharmacist certification of drug therapy modification: A survey of pharmacist‐reported practices, facilitators, and barriers in Georgia
Authors: Stone Rebecca H. , Johnson Blake R. , Lavender Devin L. , Phillips Beth Bryles , Keedy Chelsea A. , Palmer Russ , Young Henry N. , Osae Sharmon P. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntroductionCollaborative drug therapy management (CDTM) allows pharmacists to assess patients, administer medications, manage and adjust medication regimens, and order laboratory tests within a defined protocol. Pharmacist CDTM may aid in preventative care and chronic condition management.ObjectivesThe primary objectives were to identify CDTM services provided by pharmacists in the state of Georgia, examine factors associated with the provision of CDTM services, and identify barriers and facilitators to CDTM service provision. The secondary objective was to assess differences in CDTM practice between pharmacists who completed a Registered Pharmacist (R.Ph.)/Doctor of Pharmacy (Pharm.D.), postgraduate year one (PGY1), or postgraduate year two (PGY2) residency.MethodsUsing the Dilman method, this cross‐sectional study invited all 134 CDTM‐licensed pharmacists in Georgia to complete a 30‐min electronic survey. Data included demographics, training, services offered, disease states managed, and perceptions regarding CDTM implementation. Descriptive statistics, Welchs analysis of variance (ANOVA), and chi‐square were conducted using SPSS v28.ResultsA total of 36 (26.9%) pharmacists completed the survey. Participants offered a median of three CDTM services. A majority offered medication therapy management (86.1%) and chronic care management (66.7%). A majority offered services for diabetes (58.3%), hyperlipidemia (55.6%), and hypertension (55.6%). There were differences in the mean ranked number of CDTM services offered between R.Ph./Pharm.D. and PGY2 groups (−11.667, p = 0.019), and the mean ranked number of disease states covered between R.Ph./Pharm.D. and PGY1 (−10.990, p = 0.029) and R.Ph./Pharm.D. and PGY2 (−12.640, p = 0.010, adjusted p‐value) groups. Reported CDTM facilitators were job requirements, expanding patient care, job satisfaction/personal advancement, and expanding professional practice. Reported challenges were continuing education, clinical/interprofessional concerns, administration issues with the board of pharmacy or individual practice site, and regulations differing from other states.ConclusionOf those with CDTM licensure, a majority offer medication therapy management and chronic care management services covering diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. Postgraduate training may help prepare pharmacists to engage in CDTM services.
HIV pre‐exposure prophylaxis champion preceptorship training for pharmacists and nurses in the United States
Authors: Saberi Parya , Su Hoa , Mendiola Julian , Gruta Cristina , Lutes Erin R. , Dong Betty , Bositis Chris , Chu Carolyn 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntroductionRelatively little has been published on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pre‐exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) training efforts and outcomes among clinicians working at community health centers and safety net clinical settings.ObjectivesThis study describes the National Clinician Consultation Center's (NCCC's) PrEP training content development and learning outcomes.MethodsThe training consisted of a multidisciplinary capacity‐building program designed to increase PrEP‐related clinical knowledge and skills among pharmacy and nursing professionals at community health centers in “Ending the HIV Epidemic” priority jurisdictions. Descriptive statistics were used to report on the results of this training.ResultsTwo groups of learners completed the hybrid training program in 2022 (total, N = 50). A comparison of pretraining and posttraining evaluations indicated that, collectively, learners' self‐rated knowledge increased across all assessment domains including PrEP eligibility, disparities, laboratory monitoring, medication options and pharmacotherapy decision‐making, and delivery of person‐centered care. Learners rated the experience favorably, particularly for large group case discussion sessions. Among the 15 learners who completed the 6‐month follow‐up survey, many indicated an increase in PrEP services as well as additional training of colleagues and clinic staff.ConclusionThe NCCC's uniquely developed PrEP capacity‐building program is a highly acceptable and valuable training program that can help increase PrEP‐related clinical knowledge and skills among pharmacy and nursing professionals at community health centers across the United States.