bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Möglichkeiten der modernen Kieferorthopädie:
Einsatzmöglichkeiten und Wirkungsweisen von CAD/CAM-Apparaturen
anhand von vier Fallbeispielen
Authors: Şen S. , Puchert K. , Töckelt Ö. 
Published: March 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Integration von CAD/CAM-Technologien in den Praxisalltag beeinflusst
nicht nur maßgeblich den Workflow am Behandlungsstuhl und im
zahntechnischen Labor, sondern eröffnet auch neuartige Perspektiven
hinsichtlich der individuellen Behandlungsplanung.Dieser zweite Teil der Serie beabsichtigt, anhand von vier Fallbeispielen, die
vielfältigen Möglichkeiten der Nutzung von
CAD/CAM-Apparaturen in der kieferorthopädischen Therapie
darzustellen. Auch Einschränkungen bzw. Problemfelder sollen gezeigt
werden.
Die homöopathische Behandlung von HNO-Erkrankungen in der Praxis:
Tipps, Tricks und Fallstricke
Authors: Mayer-Brix Joachim 
Published: March 2024

ZusammenfassungEs wird über die homöopathische Behandlung von HNO-Erkrankungen in der Arztpraxis
berichtet. Typische Missverständnisse und Fallstricke in der Diagnostik und
Therapie werden anhand von Praxisbeispielen erläutert und hilfreiche sowie
irreführende Rubriken werden erläutert.
Comparison of Vaginal Pessaries to Standard Care or Pelvic Floor Muscle Training for Treating Postpartum Urinary Incontinence: a Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Lange Sören , Lange Rainer , Tabibi Elham , Hitschold Thomas , Müller Veronika I. , Naumann Gert 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTo compare three conservative treatment options, standard care, pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT), and vaginal pessaries, for postpartum urinary incontinence (UI) that are accessible to most patients and practitioners in a generalizable cohort.A multicenter, open-label, parallel group, pragmatic randomized controlled clinical trial comparing standard care, PFMT, and vaginal cube pessary for postpartum urinary incontinence was conducted in six outpatient clinics. Sample size was based on large treatment effects (Cramers’ V > 0.35) with a power of 80% and an alpha of 0.05 for a 3 × 3 contingency table, 44 patients needed to be included in the trial. Outcomes were analyzed according to the intention-to-treat principle. Group comparisons were made using analysis of variance (ANOVA), Kruskal-Wallis, and chi-square test as appropriate. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Of the 516 women screened, 111 presented with postpartum UI. Of these, 52 were randomized to one of three treatment groups: standard care (n = 17), pelvic floor muscle training (n = 17), or vaginal cube pessary (n = 18). After 12 weeks of treatment, treatment success, as measured by patient satisfaction, was significantly higher in the vaginal pessary group (77.8%, n = 14/18), compared to the standard care group (41.2%, n = 7/17), and the PFMT (23.5%, n = 4/17; χ2
2,n = 52 = 14.55; p = 0.006, Cramer-V = 0.374). No adverse events were reported. SUI and MUI accounted for 88.4% of postpartum UI.Vaginal pessaries were superior to standard care or PFMT to satisfyingly reduce postpartum UI symptoms. No complications were found.
Comparison of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration and fine-needle biopsy to generate pancreatic cancer organoids: Randomized trial
Authors: Wiessner Johannes Roman , Orben Felix , Schäfer Arlett , Fricke Lisa , Schneider Günter , Reichert Maximilian , Herner Alexander , Mayr Ulrich , Phillip Veit , Treiber Matthias , von Figura Guido , Abdelhafez Mohamed , Schmid Roland M. , Schlag Christoph 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background and study aims The prognosis for pancreatic cancer remains poor. Molecular diagnostics and customized therapies are becoming increasingly important in clinical routine. Patient-derived, predictive model systems such as organoids have the potential to substantially increase the depth of information from biopsy material by functional and molecular characterization. We compared the extent to which the use of fine-needle aspiration needles (FNA, 22G) or fine-needle biopsy needles (FNB, 22G) influences the generation of pancreatic cancer patient-derived organoids (PDOs) to establish endoscopic standards of organoid technology.
Patients and methods Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided punctures by EUS-FNA and EUS-FNB of pancreatic masses highly suspicious for adenocarcinoma (detected by computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging) were prospectively evaluated. Consecutive patients received EUS-FNA and EUS-FNB in a randomized order without the need to exchange the needle shaft (only the inner needle type (FNA/-B) was exchanged) between the passes. With each needle type, the specimens for histological analysis and for PDOs were obtained separately.
Results Fifty patients were enrolled in the study. Histology revealed malignancy in 42 of 50 cases (84%). In total PDOs were generated from 17 patients (34%). Of these, nine were established by FNB only, two by FNA only, and six by both FNA and FNB. Histology revealed malignancy in 13 of 17 PDO cases (76%). In two histologically false-negative cases, PDOs could be established.
Conclusions EUS-FNB was superior to EUS-FNA in terms of successful generation of PDOs, although it failed to show statistical significance.
Cannabinoids for Behavioral Symptoms in Dementia: An
Overview
Authors: Broers Barbara , Bianchi Federica 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDementia, with loss of memory, cognitive abilities, and independent daily
functioning, is increasing worldwide, related to an aging population. Currently,
there is no curative treatment for dementia. Treatment of the frequently
occurring behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) is partially
effective and associated with significant side effects. Cannabinoids are lipophilic molecules acting on the CB1 end CB2 receptors,
essential for main biological processes such as sleep, appetite, memory, and
pain. Cannabinoids might have a positive impact on amyloid formation in
Alzheimer’s disease, the main form of dementia, and on BPSD symptoms. Most
knowledge currently concerns delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol
(CBD). In the context of dementia and BPSD, THC might be beneficial for
associated spasticity and possible pain or lack of appetite and CBD probably
works better on sleep, agitation, and anxiety. This overview of prospective clinical studies and randomized clinical trials,
published between 2005 and April 2023, using cannabinoids for BPSD suggests that
older studies using low-dose oral synthetic THC showed no positive results.
Still, more recent studies using THC/CBD-based oral medication at higher doses
show promising results and are feasible and safe in this elderly polymedicated
population. Several RCTs are ongoing and planned worldwide, and we hope other
trials will follow to establish clinical efficiency and optimal dosing, as well
as other outcomes such as deprescribing other medications and facilitation of
care. We suggest that researchers also address the more sociological aspects of
prescribing cannabinoids for dementia and BPSD in their specific context.
Salivary Cortisol Measurement Contamination After Oral
Hydrocortisone: A Randomized Crossover Trial
Authors: Chihaoui Melika , Mouelhi Yasmine , Hammami Bessem , Oueslati Ibtissem , Khessairi Nadia , Chaker Fatma , Yazidi Meriem , Feki Moncef 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe study aimed to evaluate salivary cortisol (SC) contamination and determine
the associated factors in secondary adrenal insufficiency (SAI) patients treated
with hydrocortisone (Hc). A randomized crossover trial involved SAI patients. SC
was measured before the morning Hc dose, then at one, two, and four hours after.
The procedure was performed twice on two days of a week: one day while taking Hc
in tablet form (tablet set) and one day while taking Hc in capsule form (capsule
set). Area under the curve (AUC) of SC levels over time was calculated in each
participant for the two sets. SC contamination was defined as AUCtablet above
the 95th percentile of AUCcapsule. Thirty-four patients (24 females and 10
males) with a median age of 48 years were enrolled. Post-Hc dose SC levels were
higher in tablet than in capsule set, particularly at one hour. Prevalence and
extent of SC contamination were estimated to 32% and 88%, respectively. In
capsule set, SC measured two hours after Hc intake showed the strongest
correlation with AUC (r=0.88, p<0.001). In multivariate analysis, serum
potassium≥3.9 mEq/l was the only predictor for SC contamination [multi-adjusted
OR (95% CI): 7.1 (1.4–36.1); p=0.018]. SC measured during the two hours after Hc
intake is inaccurate for glucocorticoid replacement therapy assessment in SAI
patients treated with Hc in tablet form.
Use of Postpartum Hemorrhage Checklist during Vaginal Deliveries: A Quality Improvement Study
Authors: Bruce Katharine E. , Desai Shivani , Reilly Kelly , Keil Arianna , Swanson Michelle , Cobb Benjamin , Zahn Katelin , McKenzie Christine , Coviello Elizabeth , Mallampati Divya , Tully Kristin P. , Kolarczyk Lavinia , Maaske Shannon , Quist-Nelson Johanna 
Published: March 2024

Objective Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) protocols improve patient safety and reduce utilization of blood products; however, few data exist on sustainability of PPH checklist use, how use affects care delivery, and variation of use among patient subgroups. This study aimed to (1) examine compliance with PPH checklist use during vaginal deliveries, (2) evaluate whether checklist use varied by patient and/or care team characteristics, and (3) evaluate whether checklist use was associated with increased use of recommended medications/interventions.
Study Design This was a quality improvement study performed from April 2021 through June 2023. A multidisciplinary team developed a revised PPH checklist and used quality improvement methodology to increase checklist use following vaginal birth. Data were collected from medical records and clinician survey. Control charts were generated to track checklist use and evaluate special cause variation. Chi-square tests and logistic regression were used to evaluate variation in medications/interventions and across subgroups.
Results During the study period, there were 342 cases of PPH at the time of vaginal birth. The checklist was used in 67% of PPH cases during the 20-month period after implementation in a setting where no checklist was previously being used. We found no statistically significant differences in checklist use by patient or health care team characteristics. Use of tranexamic acid, carboprost, and misoprostol were significantly associated with checklist use.
Conclusion This study demonstrated successful implementation of a checklist protocol where no checklist was previously being used, with sustained use in an average of 67% of PPH cases over 20 months. Checklist use was consistent across subgroups and was associated with higher use of interventions shown to lower blood loss.
Key Points
Advances on the Synthesis of C-Aryl-glycosides Since 2019
Authors: Jiang Xuefeng , Li Jiagen 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAryl-glycosides represent a significant subclass of crucial glycosidic compounds, increasingly capturing the attention of pharmaceutical developers as bioelectronic motifs embedded within glycosides. Their outstanding resistance to enzymatic hydrolysis bestows a distinctive advantage in the field of drug development, particularly in therapeutic domains such as diabetes treatment, where pharmaceuticals based on the C-aryl-glycoside architecture manifest compelling therapeutic efficacy. As a result, researchers in the realm of synthetic chemistry have diligently explored and devised a plethora of streamlined and efficacious synthetic methodologies. This comprehensive account systematically delineates methodologies employed in recent years for the efficient synthesis of C-aryl-glycosides, offering insights into three primary directions: transition-metal catalysis, radical strategies, and metal-free catalysis processes.1	Introduction2	Glycosylation via Transition-Metal Catalytic Approaches3	Glycosylation via Glycosyl Radical Approaches4	Glycosylation via Metal-Free Catalytic Approaches5	Conclusion and Outlook
A Practical Method for the Synthesis of Mesoionic 1,3-Diaryltetrazolium Derivatives Bearing a para-Substituted Phenyl Group at the 1- or 3-Position from Anilines
Authors: Matsukawa Yuta , Hirashita Tsunehisa 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA simple, economical, and safe method for the synthesis of mesoionic 1,3-diaryltetrazolium derivatives bearing a para-substituted phenyl group at the 1- or 3-position via thiosemicarbazides was established. Such compounds were directly obtained from the corresponding para-substituted anilines instead of aryl isothiocyanates and arylhydrazines. The newly synthesized mesoionic compounds were successfully converted into the corresponding nitrosotetrazolium salts, which were utilized as catalysts for oxidation of an aliphatic alcohol and analyzed by cyclic voltammetry to determine the correlation between the catalytic efficiencies and redox potentials. The proposed method can be widely applied and is valuable for investigating the substituent effects in mesoionic and related compounds.
Transformation of Benzaldehydes to Benzonitriles via Cyanophosphates without One-Carbon Homologation
Authors: Yoneyama Hiroki , Okada Ayami , Hayama Noboru , Harusawa Shinya , Usami Yoshihide 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe transformation of benzaldehydes into benzonitriles via cyanophosphates (CPs) with tetrabutylammonium azide (Bu4N·N3) was found to afford a range of benzonitriles in modest-to-high yields. As the CN-carbon of benzonitriles arises from the formyl-carbon of benzaldehydes, this is a new type of CP-reaction, distinctly different from the past one-carbon nitrile homologation. In contrast, the reaction of ketone- or aliphatic aldehyde-CPs with Bu4N·N3 resulted in mono-deethylaton forming tetrabutylammonium salts.
Role of free tissue transfer in management of chronic venous ulcer
Authors: Reddy K. Murali Mohan , Reddy D. Mukunda 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACTMost of the venous ulcers will heal with the treatment of primary venous problem. But a few patients will have refractory, recurrent chronic venous ulcers causing inconvenience to the patients in terms of loss of productive working hours. There is no standard method available for treatment of this chronic problem. Our modality of treatment includes wide excision of ulcer, ligation of incompetent perforators and coverage of defect with we!! vascularized tissue by free tissue transfer. We have analyzed this form of treatment in five patients with satisfactory result.
De-epithelialised fasciocutaneous turnover flap: An alternative for defects in lower thigh and knee joint
Authors: Sharma R. K. , Nanda Vipul , Makkar Surinder , Parasher Atul 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACTWe describe the use of proximally based de-epithelialised fasciocutaneous flap for coverage of defects in the lower thigh and knee joint. These flaps are based on a number of perforators around the knee joint and can be based either posteriorly, posteromedially or posterolaterally depending upon the location of the defect. The whole of the flap including the bridge segment is de-epithelialised and turned over by 180 degrees and a split thickness graft is placed over the flap and the donor site. The flaps can be raised quickly, have minimum morbidity and are reliable even in the presence of extensive injuries. These flaps have remained stable and trouble free during a follow up period of 2-4 years.
Expanding Critical Care Delivery beyond the Intensive Care Unit: Determining the Design and Implementation Needs for a Tele-Critical Care Consultation Service
Authors: Abraham Joanna , Kandasamy Madhumitha , Fritz Bradley , Konzen Lisa , White Jason , Drewry Anne , Palmer Christopher 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background Unplanned intensive care unit (ICU) admissions from medical/surgical floors and increased boarding times of ICU patients in the emergency department (ED) are common; approximately half of these are associated with adverse events. We explore the potential role of a tele-critical care consult service (TC3) in managing critically ill patients outside of the ICU and potentially preventing low-acuity unplanned admissions and also investigate its design and implementation needs.
Methods We conducted a qualitative study involving general observations of the units, shadowing of clinicians during patient transfers, and interviews with clinicians from the ED, medical/surgical floor units and their ICU counterparts, tele-ICU, and the rapid response team at a large academic medical center in St. Louis, Missouri, United States. We used a hybrid thematic analysis approach supported by open and structured coding using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR).
Results Over 165 hours of observations/shadowing and 26 clinician interviews were conducted. Our findings suggest that a tele-critical care consult (TC3) service can prevent avoidable, lower acuity ICU admissions by offering a second set of eyes via remote monitoring and providing guidance to bedside and rapid response teams in the care delivery of these patients on the floor/ED. CFIR-informed enablers impacting the successful implementation of the TC3 service included the optional and on-demand features of the TC3 service, around-the-clock availability, and continuous access to trained critical care clinicians for avoidable lower acuity (ALA) patients outside of the ICU, familiarity with tele-ICU staff, and a willingness to try alternative patient risk mitigation strategies for ALA patients (suggested by TC3), before transferring all unplanned admissions to ICUs. Conversely, the CFIR-informed barriers to implementation included a desire to uphold physician autonomy by floor/ED clinicians, potential role conflicts with rapid response teams, additional workload for floor/ED nurses, concerns about obstructing unavoidable, higher acuity admissions, and discomfort with audio-visual tools. To amplify these potential enablers and mitigate potential barriers to TC3 implementation, informed by this study, we propose two key characteristics—essential for extending the delivery of critical care services beyond the ICU—underlying a telemedicine critical care consultation model including its virtual footprint and on-demand and optional service features.
Conclusion Tele-critical care represents an innovative strategy for delivering safe and high-quality critical care services to lower acuity borderline patients outside the ICU setting.
Type 2 Diabetes: Platelets and Long-Term Metabolic Control as Estimated from Glycosylated Haemoglobin (HbA1c)
Authors: Edvardsson M. , Oweling M. , Järemo P. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn type 2 diabetes, platelets are likely affected by impaired long-term glycaemic control, but such pathophysiological links are poorly understood. This study thus compares platelet reactivity (i.e. agonist-evoked platelet reactions) in vitro with glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c), a measure commonly used for monitoring long-term metabolic control of type 2 diabetes. Elders with type 2 diabetes (n = 35) were divided according to HbA1c into groups (HbA1c—low and high) consisting of 17 and 18 subjects, respectively. For estimating mitochondria disintegration, a flow cytometer determined mitochondrial transmembrane potentials after whole blood agonist stimulation. The activating agents used were α-thrombin (10 μM) and collagen (0.15 μg/mL). The same apparatus analysed the fibrinogen receptor activity, lysosomal exocytosis (surface lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1), and platelet procoagulant characteristics (membrane-attached annexin V) after stimulation. In type 2 diabetes, after in vitro agonist stimulation, platelet mitochondria injury was higher in the HbA1c-high group. The fibrinogen receptor, lysosomal secretion, and the creation of procoagulant platelets proved to be uninfluenced by HbA1c.
Bilateral Foramina Parietalia Permagna – A Calvarial Defect Caused by Haploinsufficiency of the Msh Homeobox 2 Gene: A Case Report and Current Literature Review
Authors: Kahl Niklas , Lüsebrink Natalia , Schubert-Bast Susanne , Freiman Thomas M. , Kieslich Matthias 
Published: March 2024

AbstractForamina parietalia permagna (FPP) is a rare anatomical defect that affects the parietal bones of the human skull. FPP is characterized by symmetric perforations on either side of the skull, which are caused by insufficient ossification during embryogenesis. These openings are typically abnormally large and can range from a few millimeters to several centimeters in diameter. Enlarged foramina are often discovered incidentally during anatomical or radiological examinations and in most cases left untreated unless symptoms develop. Although this calvarial defect is usually asymptomatic, it may be accompanied by neurological or vascular conditions that can have clinical significance in certain cases. FPP is an inherited disorder and arises due to mutations in either Msh homeobox 2 (MSX2) or aristaless-like homeobox 4 (ALX4) genes. In almost all cases, one parent is affected. Clinical findings and diagnostic imaging typically contribute to determine the diagnosis.
Continuous Neuromuscular Blockade for Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
Authors: Johnson Emily D. , Keppel Kristopher , McNamara LeAnn , Collaco Joseph M. , Boss Renee D. 
Published: March 2024

Objective Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is the most common late morbidity for premature infants. Continuous neuromuscular blockade (CNMB) is suggested for the most unstable phase of BPD, despite no outcome data. We explored the association between duration of CNMB for severe BPD and mortality.
Design Medical record review of children <5 years old admitted from 2016 to 2022 with BPD and one or more course of CNMB for ≥14 days.
Results Twelve children received a total of 20 episodes of CNMB for ≥14 days (range 14–173 d) during their hospitalization. Most (10/12) were born at <28 weeks' gestation and most (11/12) with birth weight <1,000 g; 7/12 were of Black race/ethnicity. All were hospitalized since birth. Most (10/12) were initially transferred from an outside neonatal intensive care unit (ICU), typically after a >60-day hospitalization (9/12). Half (6/12) of them had a ≥60-day stay in our neonatal ICU before transferring to our pediatric ICU for, generally, ≥90 days (8/12). The primary study outcome was survival to discharge: 2/12 survived. Both had shorter courses of CNMB (19 and 25 d); only one child who died had a course ≤25 days. Just two infants had increasing length Z-scores during hospitalization; only one infant had a final length Z-score > − 2.
Conclusion In this case series of infants with severe BPD, there were no survivors among those receiving ≥25 days of CNMB. Linear growth, an essential growth parameter for infants with BPD, decreased in most patients. These data do not support the use of ≥25 days of CNMB to prevent mortality in infants with severe BPD.
Key Points