bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In vivo validation of CAAS QCA‐3D coronary reconstruction using fusion of angiography and intravascular ultrasound (ANGUS)
Authors: Schuurbiers Johan C.H. , Lopez Nieves Gonzalo , Ligthart Jurgen , Gijsen Frank J.H. , Dijkstra Jouke , Serruys Patrick W. , Van der Steen Antonius F. , Wentzel Jolanda J. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractObjectives:The CAAS QCA‐3D system (Pie Medical Imaging BV, the Netherlands) was validated against 3D reconstructions based on fusion of angiography and intravascular ultrasound (ANGUS), allowing slice by slice validation of the lumen areas and 3D geometric values.Background:Accurate online 3D reconstruction of human coronary arteries is of outmost importance during clinical practice in the catheterization laboratory. The CAAS QCA‐3D system provides technology to 3D reconstruct human coronary arteries based on two or more angiographic images, but was not validated in realistic arteries before.Methods:Ten patients were imaged using biplane angiography and an ECG gated (TomTec) intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) pullback (stepsize 0.5 mm, Boston Scientific). The coronary arteries were 3D reconstructed based on (a) fusion of biplane angiography and IVUS (ANGUS) and (b) CAAS QCA‐3D using the biplane angiography images. For both systems the length, the curvature and the lumen areas at 0.5 mm spacing were calculated and compared.Results:Bland‐Altman analysis indicated that the CAAS QCA‐3D system underestimated the lumen areas systematically by 0.45 ± 1.49 mm2. The segment length was slightly underestimated by the CAAS QCA‐3D system (62.1 ± 11.3 vs. 63.2 ± 11.4 mm; P < 0.05), while the curvature of the analyzed segments were not statistically different.Conclusions:The CAAS QCA‐3D system allows 3D reconstruction of human coronary arteries based on biplane angiography. Validation against the ANGUS system showed that both the 3D geometry and lumen areas are highly correlated which makes the CAAS QCA‐3D system a promising tool for applications in the catheterization laboratory and opens possibilities for computational fluid dynamics. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Continuous epoprostenol therapy and septal defect closure in a patient with severe pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Hirabayashi Aki , Miyaji Katsumasa , Akagi Teiji 
Published: October 2008

AbstractA 31‐year‐old woman with exertional dyspnea diagnosed as having atrial septal defect (ASD) with severe pulmonary hypertension (PH). Intravenous epoprostenol therapy was started to improve PH. Although pulmonary arterial pressure decreased, her symptoms remained in class III of WHO functional class, probably because of exacerbation of the left‐to‐right shunt caused by the reduction of pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR). Transcatheter atrial septal closure was therefore performed. Soon after the procedure, additional reduction in pulmonary arterial pressure was achieved. Her symptoms improved and oxygen inhalation was discontinued. One year after the procedure, although intravenous epoprostenol was still required, her symptoms had improved to class I of WHO functional class without exacerbation of PH. Transcatheter atrial septal closure after lowering PVR by intravenous epoprostenol would be a novel therapy for patients with ASD accompanied by PH. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Novel self‐expanding stent system for enhanced provisional bifurcation stenting: Examination by StentBoost and intravascular ultrasound
Authors: Agostoni Pierfrancesco , Verheye Stefan 
Published: October 2008

AbstractA 62‐year‐old man underwent percutaneous coronary intervention of a bifurcation lesion (Medina type 010) involving the mid‐left anterior descending coronary artery and an important first diagonal branch with a novel stent specifically designed for bifurcations, the Stentys coronary bifurcation system. This is a self‐expanding nitinol stent, with Z‐shaped struts linked by interconnections that can be disconnected (in prespecified points every 1.5 mm all around the circumference and the length of the stent) at the level of the ostium of the side branch, simply by inflating an angioplasty balloon tracked to the ostium of the side branch, through the stent struts. The steps required for deployment of the stent and the final result obtained were evaluated by intravascular ultrasound examination and StentBoost Subtract, a specific X‐ray stent‐enhancing visualization technique. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A new 0.010‐inch guidewire and compatible balloon catheter system: The IKATEN registry
Authors: Matsukage Takashi , Yoshimachi Fuminobu , Masutani Motomaru , Katsuki Takaaki , Saito Shigeru , Takahashi Akihiko , Iida Kunihiko , Katahira Yoshiaki , Michishita Ichiro , Tanabe Kengo , Kan Yoshifumi , Ikari Yuji 
Published: October 2008

AbstractObjective:To evaluate the safety and feasibility of a new 0.010‐inch guidewire and a specialized balloon catheter for the 0.010‐inch guidewire in routine percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Background:Several reports have shown that a new 0.010‐inch system is effective for specific situations where reduction of catheter size may be necessary. However, the safety of this system in routine PCI is unknown.Methods:The IKATEN registry is a prospective, multicenter, nonrandomized registry study. Patients who underwent elective PCI with a 0.010‐inch guidewire and its associated balloon catheter as primary devices were enrolled. The coprimary endpoints were clinical success and device success rates. The secondary endpoints were major adverse cardiac events (MACE) and bleeding complications.Results:A total of 133 patients with 148 lesions were enrolled. The majority were male (75.3%), and mean age was 68 ± 10 years. Type B2/C lesions comprised 60% of the lesions, prevalence of chronic total occlusion (CTO) was 16.9%, and bifurcation lesions were found in 22.3% of patients. A transradial approach was used in 79.7% of patients, and the average guiding catheter size was 5.1 ± 0.4 Fr. Clinical success rate was 99.2%, and device success rate was 99.3%. Device failure occurred only in one case of chronic total occlusion because of unsuccessful guidewire passage. No MACE or bleeding complications were reported except for a small hematoma at the puncture site in one patient. Stent delivery success rate on 0.010‐inch guidewire was 93.9% because of failure of stent balloon to pass eight lesions.Conclusion:The IKATEN registry data suggest that the 0.010‐inch system is safe and its use is feasible in routine PCI including bifurcation and CTO lesions. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Neointimal regression‐induced incomplete coverage of a bare‐metal stent in the left main trunk: Serial angiographic and angioscopic evidence obtained by 5‐year follow‐up
Authors: Ichikawa Minoru , Mishima Masayoshi 
Published: October 2008

AbstractVery late stent thrombosis (VLST), a rare complication of stenting, has been reported to develop more frequently at later than 1 year after the deployment of the drug‐eluting stent (DES) compared with the bare‐metal stent (BMS). However, the causes for the difference in the incidence remain unknown. Serial angioscopy on 1,591 and 1,952 days after BMS deployment in a Japanese male patient with acute myocardial infarction revealed incomplete neointimal coverage (INC) without the development of cardiovascular event. Therefore, the potential development of VLST remains undeniable in BMS‐deployed patients who had INC. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Outcome of patients treated by a novel thin‐strut cobalt‐chromium stent in the drug‐eluting stent era: Results of the SKICE (Skylor in real world practice) registry
Authors: Burzotta Francesco , Trani Carlo , Todaro Daniel , Mazzari Mario Attilio , Porto Italo , De Vita Maria , Brugaletta Salvatore , Coroleu Santiago Federico , Niccoli Giampaolo , Leone Antonio Maria , Giammarinaro Maura , Mongiardo Rocco , Schiavoni Giovanni , Crea Filippo 
Published: October 2008

AbstractObjectives: To investigate the outcome of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) with implantation of a new thin‐strut cobalt‐chromium bare‐metal‐stent (BMS) in the drug‐eluting‐stent (DES) era. Background: Despite the contemporary penetration of DES in the clinical practice, a relevant percentage of patients are still treated by BMS. Data on clinical outcome of novel BMSs are lacking. Methods: This is a single‐centre‐registry enrolling patients treated by Skylor™ stent implantation. During the study, the criteria for BMS selection adopted at our institution (“internal” criteria) were as follows: (1) limited compliance to prolonged double antiplatelet therapy, (2) ST‐elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) or saphenous vein grafts (SVG) interventions, and (3) in the absence of these conditions, noncomplex (no bifurcations, no chronic total occlusions) lesions considered at low restenosis risk on the basis of arbitrary angiographic criteria (short lesions, large vessels). Primary and secondary end‐points were respectively major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and target vessel failure (TVF) up to 9‐month. Results: A total of 150 patients were treated with Skylor™ stent on 169 lesions. At 9‐month follow‐up, MACE occurred in 12 patients (8.0%) and TVF in 21 lesions (12.4%). By multivariable analysis, the predictors of MACE were Euroscore≥9 and ejection fraction < 30% while the predictors of TVF were the absence of the angiographic criteria of low restenosis risk and ejection fraction < 30%. Conclusions: In the DES era, the use of a last‐generation BMS in patients with limited compliance to double antiplatelet therapy, STEMI or SVG interventions, and noncomplex angiographic lesions may be associated with acceptable clinical outcome. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Phase Transformation of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles by Varying the Molar Ratio of Fe2+:Fe3+
Authors: Alibeigi S. , Vaezi M. R. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractCo‐precipitation from a solution of ferrous/ferric mixed salt with the ratio of Fe2+:Fe3+ = 1:2 in air atmosphere is not a reliable method to synthesize magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles because of the fact that Fe2+ oxidizes to Fe3+ and the molar ratio of Fe2+:Fe3+ changes. Therefore, the phase composition changes from magnetite to maghemite (γ‐Fe2O3). The influence of the initial molar ratio of Fe2+:Fe3+ on the phase composition of nanoparticles, their crystallinity and magnetic properties was studied. Experimental data from XRD, FTIR, SEM, and VSM reveal that the appropriate method to synthesize magnetite nanoparticles is reverse precipitation from only ferrous salt. It is found that by decreasing the synthesis temperature and by increasing the concentration of alkaline solution and the ratio of Fe2+:Fe3+ the crystallinity and the specific saturation magnetization (σs) are increased.
Cotton Stalk Combustion in a Circulating Fluidized Bed
Authors: Sun Z. , Jin B. S. , Zhang M. Y. , Liu R. P. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThe basic properties of cotton stalk (CS) of length 10–100 mm and its ash were investigated. Studies concerning the combustion characteristics of CS were performed in a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) test facility with a heat input of 0.5 MW. According to previous cold tests, there is very little segregation during the mixing of CS with this size profile and bed material at a fluidization number of N > 7, but the hot experimental results indicate that slight segregation has a small effect on the steady combustion of the dense region. Experiments were carried out with the aim of investigating the effects of operating conditions on the axial temperature and gas concentration profiles along the combustor height, as well as the emission performance and combustion efficiency of the CFB. The experimental results indicate it is difficult to react alumina bed material with alkali metals from CS ash following 26 h of combustion. The overall conclusions appear to indicate that the application of circulating fluidized bed boilers to fire pure CS of length 10–100 mm, is feasible.
Utilization of a Radial Temperature Model for Heat Conduction within Spherical Particles to Model Granular Assemblies
Authors: Rickelt S. , Wirtz S. , Scherer V. , Kruggel‐Emden H. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractA heat transfer (DEM) model for application in the particle based discrete element simulation method is presented. It utilizes an analytical solution of the heat diffusion equation for a solid spherical particle to obtain temporal and radial solutions of the temperature distributions within the particles. This radial temperature model avoids the shortcomings of the usual assumption of spatially uniform temperature profiles in particles. The concept is designed to minimize computing power and memory requirement in order to allow the computation of granular assemblies consisting of a large number of particles. Results obtained for a particle subject to transient convective boundary conditions are compared with a Crank‐Nicholson implicit scheme as numerical reference solution. A first implementation of the radial temperature model in a discrete element code reveals the additional computational cost as negligible compared to the demands of contact identification and force calculation.
Influence of Surface Roughness on Streaming Potential Method
Authors: Schnitzer C. , Ripperger S. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractZeta potential itself has become a very important parameter for the characterization of all kinds of filter media. To those actually involved in zeta potential measurement it is obvious to not compare quantitative numbers received by different measurement principles, since the location of the shear plane might differ between measurement principles, and measurement devices even. Additional to this well known issue, it is not always possible to condone measurements within the boundary conditions of the theory behind zeta potential measurement. The sample itself might influence measurement, for example by swelling. If one wants to determine the zeta potential of filter media using the streaming potential method, he will find himself confronted with the surface structure of the media, and its influence on flow within the measurement zone. This work is dealing with the influence of surface roughness on the flow field within a measurement cell used for streaming potential measurement and its effect on the determined values of zeta potential for polyester plates and polyester multifilament fabrics.
Liquid Feed Injection in a High‐Density Riser
Authors: Gehrke S. , Wirth K.‐E. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractInitial investigations on liquid feed injection in a high density circulating fluidized bed of fluid catalysed cracking (FCC) particles were performed by means of fast responding thermocouples and capacitance probes. The results imply very limited radial mixing between dry solids, wet solids, and liquids for injection parallel to the hot up‐streaming gas‐solid flow.
Recycle Effect on Double‐Pass Concentric Circular Mass Exchangers under Uniform Wall Fluxes
Authors: Ho C.‐D. , Chuang Y.‐C. , Tu J.‐W. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractA study on improvement in device performance of a double‐pass concentric circular mass exchanger with uniform wall fluxes and external refluxes was conducted under counterflow operations. The linear superposition of an asymptotic solution and a homogeneous solution with the use of an orthogonal expansion technique for solving such a conjugated Graetz problem is formulated theoretically and the analytical predictions are applied to investigate a substantial masstransfer improvement. A mathematical expression for the average Sherwood numbers and the outlet dimensionless concentration is given. Comparisons of analytical results are made with the single‐pass operations of the same working dimensions (without permeable barriers inserted and without recycle). Considerable device improvement in mass transfer rate is obtained by introducing the recycle‐effect concept in designing such double‐pass devices. The effect of permeable barriers on the mass‐transfer efficiency improvement as well as on the power consumption increment has also been delineated.
Intensification of Nicotinic Acid Separation using Organophosphorous Solvating Extractants by Reactive Extraction
Authors: Kumar S. , Wasewar K. L. , Babu B. V. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractNicotinic acid (3‐pyridine carboxylic acid) is widely used in food, pharmaceutical, and biochemical industries. Compared to chemical methods, enzymatic conversion of 3‐cyanopyridine is an advantageous alternative for the production of nicotinic acid. This study is aimed to intensify the recovery of nicotinic acid using reactive extraction with organophosphorus solvating extractants such as tri‐n‐octyl phosphine oxide (TOPO) and tri‐n‐butyl phosphate (TBP). The distribution of nicotinic acid between water and phosphorus‐based solvents dissolved in various diluents and the comparison of extraction efficiency with pure diluents are studied at isothermal conditions. Pure diluents are not found to be good extracting agents and the maximum distribution coefficient (KD) obtained with 1‐octanol is 0.31. Experimental studies are carried out to investigate the effect of diluent, initial acid concentration, extractant type, and extractant composition on the degree of extraction. The maximum recovery of nicotinic acid is obtained by dissolving TOPO in MIBK at an initial nicotinic acid concentration of 0.10 kmol/m3. Solvation numbers and extraction equilibrium are also estimated with both TBP and TOPO.
Lipolytic Enzyme Production by Immobilized Rhizopus oryzae
Authors: López E. , Deive F. J. , Asunción Longo M. , Sanromán M. Á. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractIn this paper, a suitable technique as well as an adequate material for the immobilization of the fungus Rhizopus oryzae were investigated. This organism has been shown to have potential in the field of food aroma due to the production of extracellular lipolytic enzymes. However, an efficient production system at bioreactor scale for its application to the flavor compounds production is still needed. Among the supports studied, alginate beads were the best carrier materials, leading to the highest lipolytic activities of up to 400 U/L after 3 days of cultivation. Repeated batch cultures were carried out to improve cell concentration and lipolytic activity. The gel beads produced lipolytic enzyme under optimized conditions for consecutive batch fermentations without marked activity loss and deformation attained a maximum level of 715 U/L after three batches. The production of lipolytic enzyme by immobilized Rhizopus oryzae in a 2‐litre airlift bioreactor with the optimized conditions was evaluated. Lipolytic activities of 487 U/L were attained, operating in successive batches without operational problems and the bioparticles (the fungus grows in alginate beads) maintained their shape throughout fermentation.
Simultaneous Aerodynamic and Thermal Analysis during Cooling of Stacked Spheres inside Ventilated Packages
Authors: Dehghannya J. , Ngadi M. , Vigneault C. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractAerodynamic and thermal analysis during forced convection cooling of produce was conducted by modeling coupled airflow and heat transfer. Air velocities and heterogeneity indexes were predicted for different configurations of package openings at an airflow rate of 0.022 m3/s. Predicted temperature profiles were compared with experimental data for model validation. Good agreement between model prediction and measured data was obtained. The results showed that airflow distribution during the process was not homogeneous. More uniform airflow distribution was obtained by increasing the vent area from 2.4 to 12.1 %. The highest cooling heterogeneity index (108 %) was recorded at 2.4 % vent area whereas the lowest heterogeneity index (0 %) was detected in a package with 12.1 % vent area. Proper package vent design is necessary to provide more uniform cooling operation during the forced convection cooling process.
Investigations on the Separation Efficiency of Tubular Bowl Centrifuges
Authors: Stahl S. , Spelter L.‐E. , Nirschl H. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractIn the last decade a major progress has been achieved in the synthesis and functionalization of nanoscale particles, but the handling of such material systems like separation or classification has been neglected. With tubular centrifuges, even nanoscale particles can be separated from a suspension at reasonable throughputs due to very high g values. This is a great advantage compared to membrane techniques (low throughput) and filtering, disc stack and decanter centrifuges (lower g values). An analysis of the discharged solids in dependence on time and verification of sediment build‐up with a magnetic resonance spectrometer (MRI) provide a comprehensive understanding of the sedimentation process in a tubular bowl centrifuge. MRI allows a noninvasive, direct view into the filled centrifuge rotor; this data is compared with theoretical results.
Organometallic Chemistry of Ga+: Formation of an Unusual Gallium Dimer in the Coordination Sphere of Ruthenium
Authors: Cadenbach Thomas , Gemel Christian , Bollermann Timo , Fernandez Israel , Frenking Gernot , Fischer Roland A. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractNew insights into the distinct organometallic chemistry of the Ga+ion are presented. Ga+reacts as a strong electrophile with the electron rich ligand trismethylene‐methane (C(CH2)32−) attached at Ru by insertion into a RuC bond. The resulting “gallamethylallyl” ligand behaves like strong nucleophile similar to known monovalent GaR species. This donor property leads to the dimeric structure of the product [{Ru(GaCp*)3[η3‐(CH2)2C{CH2(μ‐Ga)}]}2][(BArF)2] (4) (Cp*=C5Me5, [BArF]=[B{C6H3(CF3)2}4]). Very unexpectedly, the two gallium ligands in this dimer are found in close vicinity to each other with a distance in the range of GaGa bonds. Indeed, AIM calculations confirm a weak attractive closed shell GaGa interaction. Finally, a novel example of a complex with substituent‐free Ga+as a ligand was found in the compound [Ru(PCy3)2(GaCp*)2(Ga)][BArF] (6) (Cy=C6H11, cyclohexyl), the very short RuGa bond length confirming the assumption that Ga+represents a pure σ/π‐accepting ligand in this case.