bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HSE Training in the Seismic Industry
Authors: Bertness M. S. 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
This paper addresses the health, safety, and environmental (HSE) training in the seismic industry. The successful HSE training program of a major seismic contractor is described as implemented and experienced over the past three years.
The training methods and techniques used by Western Geophysical to educate all levels of crew management and labor are described. These methods and techniques include the various assignments of in-house trainers and programs and contracted professional trainers and programs. Variations in training approaches are needed to maximize the impact and effectiveness on the targeted audience.
Over the past three years, hundreds of employees ranging from line cutters to top-level management have received HSE training. Statistics generated over this period reflect the success of this training. A significant reduction in accident frequency rates has been recorded since this training was implemented. The number of near misses reported by the crews has significantly increased. Job safety analyses are conducted to develop written safety procedures and hazard registers have been generated. The most dramatic change is noted in the increased awareness and concern of our employees in all HSE matters.
This attitude shift has been the most significant change.
Bass Strait Safety: Achieving World Class Performance
Authors: Pike P. J. , Smith M. G. , Gill R. S. , Sawa Spiros , Fisher A. J. 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
This paper describes the key initiatives Esso Australia Ltd (Esso) has undertaken to improve employee and contractor safety performance to world class standards.
Esso produces SOM litres of crude oil per day and up to 25 million cubic metres of gas per day (peak winter demand) from 13 manned and 3 unmanned satellite platforms in Bass Strait, and two onshore oil/gas/LPG processing plants. Esso operates the facilities on behalf of the Esso/BHP Petroleum joint venture. Over 1,400 employees and 2 million contractor work hours per year are involved in the operations.
In 1992, Esso employees worked over 2.8 million hours with no Lost Time Injuries (LTI's). As of October 1, 1993, Esso employees have worked over 5.2 million hours LTI free for the first time in over 22 years of operations in Bass Strait. Employee Total Injuries (LTI's plus medical treatment injuries plus restricted work cases) are also significantly down over the period.
In 1992, contractors working on Esso managed sites worked 2.2 million hours and sustained 9 LTI's, for a frequency per million hours of 4.1. This was about half of the previous years performance. Eight of these injuries occurred in the first half of 1992. Over the past 15 months, there have been two contractor LTI's equating to a LTI frequency of 0.7. Contractor Total Injuries are also significantly down over the period.
In addition to occupational injury performance, the number and severity of operational incidents such as hydrocarbon releases and fires are also down.
This improved safety performance and operations integrity is the culmination of a major effort to create a culture where safety is an integral part of our business and where everyone is committed to working safely.
Development of Safety Management System Based on API RP 750
Authors: Stone Roger 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
The paper describes the process taken and workforce involvement to document and implement a Safety Management System within an established oil and gas production company. Included is a summary of the series of structured workshops which provided information on the existing safety systems being used and the formulation of a Safety Management System Guideline document based on those systems. The impacts on other safety related issues and practical observations are also discussed.
Preparing a Safety Case: A Drilling Contractor’s Experience
Authors: Redd E. O. , Chevallier Jean , Paterson Ian 
Published: December 2007

ABSTRACT
The Safety Case regime represents a significant milestone on the road to safer operations in the United Kingdom Continental Shelf (UKCS). It has affected all of the service companies, drilling contractors, and oil companies with operations in the UKCS. Some other countries are also adopting this same regime. Safety issues will no longer be addressed in the same way as they were in the past. The Safety Case has had a major impact on the way safety is managed both offshore and onshore, and this impact has been felt in our operations. This paper will explain the actions taken, the achievements made, and where relevant, will provide comments on several of the problems encountered.
Three of the main areas addressed in the Safety Case will be reviewed. These areas are Safety Management Systems (SMS), Escape and Evacuation, and Hazard Analysis. The overall risks emanating from these can then be quantified and compared against onshore risks.
Application of a Method to Oil Spill Risk Assessment From Pipeline Failures
Authors: Sharma M. P. , Kim B. , Harris H. G. 
Published: December 2007

ABSTRACT
This paper presents a method for assessing the risk of oil spills during oil pipeline operations. The method has been developed and validated using field data from Western Europe on failure and performance of crude oil cross-country pipelines. The basis for the theoretical part of the analysis is application of an emerging method of "failure data analysis" - Weibull Analysis - which has been widely applied in automotive and aerospace industries in past, and more recently in the areas of electrical power, nuclear, and medical industries including the failure analysis of such components as compressors, bearings, cables, and wheels etc.
Oil spill size has a probabilistic nature and hence it should be predictable using relative statistical methods. Consequently, the purpose of this paper is to describe the development of models for forecasting the volume of oil spill during pipeline operations, with the ultimate aim of evaluating and assessing possible environmental impact.
In recent years a number of publications have presented data dealing with pipeline failures, de la Mare and Andersen developed a statistical model to estimate failure rates by analyzing data for onshore and offshore pipelines. A generalized probabilistic model for predicting cumulative number of pipeline leaks and time-to-first-leak was proposed by Sheikh, Boah and Hansen.
Establishing International Performance Standards
Authors: Hutson R. L. 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
This poster session delineates the process that Amoco Corporation used for assuring EH&S management consistency throughout its global operations and specifically addresses the challenges imposed by language and cultural differences in surrounding these barriers.
Early in 1990, Amoco assembled a special international task force of senior level operating managers and EH&S managers to begin the process of defining a set of minimum acceptable EH&S operating standards which will be employed by Amoco anywhere in its global operations.
The process known as Amoco's International Standard of Care (ISOC) management process, starts with a small task force of operating company representatives. Under the chairmanship of a member of the Corporate EH&S department, the group spends approximately one to two years in developing and approving a single standard. Some standards are incremental steps toward achieving the ultimate goal while other standards are specific operating measures. In this way, the process allows each facility flexibility to develop and manage their own EH&S programs while adhering the certain minimum operating requirements or key program elements.
Ergonomic Development of Propulsion Hand Tools for Underwater Technologies: System Approach
Authors: Dmochowski Jan , Pacholski Leszek 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
Divers working underwater are often using hand tools with hydraulic propulsion. These tools have strong impact on divers work conditions, which are entirely different than conditions of work of the people acting in workshops. For the submerged diver acting underwater, where foam suit and life support system provide him a chance to survive and execute his task - the modified diagram of "man-machine" ergonomic system must be applied. The proposed schematic diagram of the "diver-tool" ergonomic system for underwater conditions is shown on Figure 1.
The mechanized hand tool as element of this system is effected by different factors connected with the water as medium, and hydrostatic pressure. This consideration of the hand tool is mainly based on expirience with the developement of hydraulic drilers.
The hydraulic driller as element of ergonomic system is effected by the factors: cold water with high specific heat is acting as a cooling medium of drill;cold water is acting as cooling medium of the diller;water with high viscosity and density is lubricating drill movement;diver hands and fingers which are earring and operating the driller are effected by cold water.
The Sleipner Accident
Authors: Ynnesdal Harald , Berger Fredrik 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
The Sleipner A-platform is a combined drilling, production and living quarter platform intended for North Sea use. It consists of two main parts: The Steel Deck and the Gravity Base Structure (GBS) made of concrete.
The structure is designed with 24 cells, four of which are extended as shafts supporting the deck structure. The gravity base covers an area of 11.900 m2. The shafts are of a height of 110 m above the base.
The construction started in July 1989. The GBS was completed up to the upper edge of the cells in a dry dock. After tow-out to the fjord, the upper domes of the cells as well as the shafts were completed. In parallel, the mechanical equipment was installed.
Effluent Water Quality Improvement
Authors: Hamid Shahul , Yeo W. N. 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
The Labuan Crude Oil Terminal LCOT is the receiving plant for all crude production from 5 major oil fields offshore state of Sabah in Malaysia. Two pipelines, one in the north and another from the south deliver crude to the Terminal. The wet crude of water content of 5 to 40 percent arrives fully stabilized. The Terminal stores and prepares the crude for export via Single Buoy Mooring system line.
The primary facilities of the Terminal are: 4 Crude Oil Storage Tanks totaling 1.64 million barrels storage capacity,4 Free Water Knock-Out Vessels (FWKO)An Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP)An Emulsion and Wax Treatment Plant (EWTP) andExport Pumps and Custody Transfer Meters.
Figure 1 schematically represents the primary facilities in the Terminal.
HSE Management in Seismic Operation
Authors: Davidson D. S. , Ranke H. T. P. 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
1993 has shown a gradual change from the traditional manner of managing HSE in Shell's seismic operations which was based on a number of safety management principles and an HSE plan to the more structured approach of Safety Management Systems including the Hazard Management Process.
The paper describes the lessons learned during the preparation and early implementation phase of such a Management System. In particular it addresses the necessity of a close cooperation between the Client and the Contractor and the need of user friendly products to enable full acceptance and implementation at all levels in the Client and Contractor organisations.
Examples of such products, the enthusiastic way in which they are used and the improvements that have been created in the management of HSE are given in the paper.
Temperature Sensitivity of Formation Damage in Petroleum Reservoirs
Authors: Gupta Anuj , Civan Faruk 
Published: December 2007

ABSTRACT
Temperature is an important yet often ignored variable in translating laboratory measurement of oil and gas recovery related operations to reservoir conditions. The present study addresses the variation of formation damage potential of a reservoir with temperature. A strategy for obtaining the temperature sensitivity of various model parameters determining the formation damage potential of a reservoir rock is presented.
The Performance of Scale Inhibitors in the Inhibition of Iron Carbonate Scale
Authors: Kriel B. G. , Lacey C. A. , Lane R. H. 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
A potential mechanism for part of the production decline observed in the Prudhoe Bay field is siderite (iron carbonate) scale deposition. This laboratory investigation focused on evaluating the effect of the existing downhole scale inhibitor program on the proposed siderite formation damage mechanism. A tube block test was employed to generate iron carbonate and evaluate commercial products for its inhibition. This study indicates that the current inhibition program for barium sulfate and calcium carbonate is not protecting against damage by iron carbonate deposition. The other products tested were also ineffective. Furthermore, precipitation of the scale inhibitors by iron(II) is suspected. There is no field evidence of damage from this precipitation with the current inhibition program.
3½-in. Coiled Tubing: A First Run
Authors: Prestridge M. L. , Mahoney A. J. 
Published: December 2007

ABSTRACT
The world's first string of 3-½" coiled tubing was run as completion tubing in an exploration well on the North Slope of Alaska. The tubing was run as a single permanent completion on four different zones in the well. The tubing performance successfully met the goals of the test, including being used for a frac. Operational problems associated with handling coiled tubing of this size are discussed, along with the lessons learned from using it. Future applications are also discussed.
The Lateral Tie-Back System: The Ability to Drill and Case Multiple Laterals
Authors: Smith R. C. , Hayes L. A. , Wilkin J. F. 
Published: December 2007

ABSTRACT
A system has been developed for new wells to achieve greater reservoir exposure by allowing multiple lateral wellbores to be drilled and cased from a single primary wellbore. The Lateral Tie-Back System (LTBS™) described in this paper allows all of the laterals to be cased, providing a complex interconnection of individual production liners, with total wellbore integrity. The system increases reservoir exposure even beyond the dramatic improvement offered by a single horizontal well. Multiple laterals may be drilled at virtually any predetermined depth in a new vertical, directional or horizontal wellbore and at any time during the productive life cycle of the well. The system also allows quick re-entry into all laterals for well servicing and workovers.
A prototype system was successfully field tested in cooperation with CS Resources Limited in a shallow, unconsolidated sand formation where a definite correlation has been established between horizontal reservoir exposure and increased production. This provided an excellent opportunity to test the advantages of the Lateral Tie-Back System.
The system provides a new opportunity to significantly reduce overall drilling and casing costs for the development of entire fields. Its application to date has been in horizontal wells that require slotted liner completions. This paper reviews the development and use of the first Lateral Tie-Back System. Additional developments and future advances of this technology are presented which will adapt to a broader range of applications.
Coiled-Tubing Drilling with Specialized PDC Bits
Authors: Mensa-Wilmot Graham , Coolidge R. B. 
Published: December 2007

abstract
The ability to effectively use any technology depends on how well it is understood. This condition becomes even more important with emerging technologies, as is Coiled Tubing Drilling (CTD). This paper will define the components of CTD as a "system" (Coiled Tubing Unit-Downhole Motor-Bit), and show that the understanding of the system and the ability to match its capability and needs is very important. It will show that properly engineered and selected PDC bits are effective on CTD and provide information on how seemingly minor changes on PDC bits affect their performance more than they do other types of bits. PDC bit development methodology and effectiveness will be discussed. It will describe how specialized PDC bits performed competitively within the operational constraints established by the system, and how the bits responded as analytically predicted.
Finally, this paper will describe how a group effort which allowed the free flow of information between all the parties involved was successfully used on a PDC-CTD project.
The Scrap Sale of Six Long-Term Stacked MODU's
Authors: Colledge K. G. 
Published: December 2007

ABSTRACT
Diamond Offshore Drilling Inc. had a number of MODU's which had been long term dead stacked, some since 1984, sitting on bottom at various locations in the Gulf of Mexico. Inspection of these rigs revealed that six (6) (two (2) jackups, one (1) submersible and three (3) semi submersibles) were not economically viable for reactivation to drilling status, nor conversion for alternate use. It was also determined that the longer the units remained idle in a dead stack mode the greater the potential for deterioration to a condition that would make them difficult to move. The company desired to eliminate liability exposure of these aging hulls, yet wanted to retain considerable amounts of equipment which still remained on some of the rigs because of their value as spares for the rest of the operating fleet.
The potential for sale of the rigs on the open scrap market was investigated and revealed that the company could retain desired equipment, scrap the unusable hull and break even monetarily. All potential salvage companies required the rigs to be safely afloat at the time of delivery, and some offers were contingent on the rigs being delivered to the salvage company's facility.
The prices paid for scrap vary significantly throughout the world market, however, when the cost of
delivery was considered the resulting offer for a vessel offshore in the Gulf of Mexico became similar and domestic salvage companies were competitive.
This paper discusses the development of the bid procedures and sales contract for the scrapping of the six (6) aforementioned dead stacked rigs, the operational aspects of carrying out the latter, economic evaluation, government regulation requirements and environmental compliance.
Cost-Effective Spud Can Modification to Achieve Increased Bearing Capacity
Authors: Leland Anders , Mommaas C. J. , Baerheim M. 
Published: December 2007

ABSTRACT
Spud can/soil interaction is a critical parameter in determining the safety of jack-up operations under complex soil conditions. This paper presents a cost effective modification to a standard spud can design, based on the requirement for a 5 m long skirt and an increase of the spud can area from 250 m2 to 350 m2. This is achieved through addition of a dough-nut shaped extension which can be installed and removed with the rig afloat in sheltered water.
The primary reason for the modification is to increase the soil bearing capacity.
Since the extension increases the seabed fixity of the footing; moment loading and dynamic effects on the jack-up are also reduced, increasing the operating envelope of the jack-up.
Universal Fluid: A Drilling Fluid to Reduce Lost Circulation and Improve Cementing
Authors: Nahm J. J. , Romero R. N. , Wyant R. E. , Hale A. A. , Briggs B. R. , Smith T. R. , Lombardi M. A. , Keedy C. R. 
Published: December 2007

ABSTRACT
A universal fluid (UF) is typically a water-base fluid that has been treated with finely ground blast furnace slag and that still maintains the appropriate characteristics of a good drilling fluid. The slag becomes concentrated in the filter cake formed while drilling permeable formations and slowly sets to form a hard layer intimately bonded to the formation. True zonal isolation can be obtained by using a UF and subsequently cementing with slag-based mud solidification technology. Complete mud displacement and efforts to remove filter cake are not necessary prior to cementing since the solidified UF filter cake bonds strongly both to the formation and to the cement and since undisplaced portions of the UF set up as well.
The universal fluid (UF) has been developed primarily out of the need to improve cementing in horizontal and extended-reach wells. To date UFs have been used to improve zonal isolation and to reduce or prevent lost circulation or cement fallback during drilling and cementing. Two Diatomite wells in the Belridge Field, California and the vertical portion of one horizontal well in the Midway Sunset Field, California were successfully drilled with a UF and cemented with slag mix cement slurries. Also, a well in the Midway Sunset Field, where losses are routinely experienced, was drilled with a UF specifically to control lost circulation, and no losses were experienced. Five wells in the Peace River area in Canada were successfully drilled with aUF to prevent cement fallback upon cementing.
Physicochemical Properties of Synthetic Drilling Fluids
Authors: Growcock F. B. , Andrews S. L. , Frederick T. P. 
Published: December 2007

ABSTRACT
Synthetic-based muds (SBM's) were developed as environmentally friendly alternatives to conventional petroleum-derived oil-based muds (OBM's). Although each synthetic fluid is chemically unique, the physicochemical properties of the SBM's exhibit some common trends. SBM's are safer to work with, more biodegradable and more dispersible in seawater than conventional OBM's. On the other hand, SBM's are more viscous at low temperatures, thin more with increasing temperature, have lower thermal stability and do not dehydrate shales as readily as conventional OBM's. By adjusting the emulsifier package in each mud, these properties may be brought more in line with those of conventional OBM's.
Strategic Alliances in the Wireline Services Industry
Authors: Phillips C. J. , Stewart C. G. , Barnette J. C. , Copoulos A. E. , Henderson Bruce 
Published: December 2007

ABSTRACT
A strategic alliance formed between the two organizations represented by the authors has fundamentally changed the operating practices of the wireline services industry in Alaska. Through a combined team effort, operating practices have been altered to emphasize efficiency, improved quality control, enhanced teamwork, constant communications, simplistic and flexible pricing, safety and environmental protection, and continuous improvement in every respect. The net result is added value and profitability for both the operating and service company.
One year after implementation, the alliance in Alaska has proven to be a success for both the operator and the wireline services company. Its success is based largely on the mutual trust, constant communication, and teamwork present between the two companies. Results will be demonstrated through an active case history.
Different types of alliances, partnerships, and other working relationships have been developed in the oil and gas industry. In comparison, the alliance structure developed in Alaska offers significantly more benefits than many other alliances.
Designer Directional Drilling to Increase Total Recovery and Production Rates
Authors: Eck-Olsen Johan , Drevdal Kjell Erik , Samuell John , Reynolds Jim 
Published: December 2007

ABSTRACT
The implementation of a new type of well profile, the designer profile, has resulted in increased recovery and production rates. The geologically complex Gullfaks Field (See fig. 1), located in the Norwegian sector of the North Sea, has seen significant change in the initial field development plan (FDP) as a result of the design technology. A new type of well profile was necessary to increase both total recovery and production rates from Gullfaks platforms A, B and C. Advances in steerable technology and directional drilling performance enabled a three dimensional horizontal / extended reach well profile, now designated as a designer well, to be utilized to penetrate multiple targets. This paper presents the concept, motivation, performance, results and conclusions from four designer wells used in the revised FDP.