bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lysophosphatidic acid induces ovarian cancer cell dispersal by activating Fyn kinase associated with p120‐catenin
Authors: Huang Ruby Yun‐Ju , Wang Seu‐Mei , Hsieh Chang‐Yao , Wu Jiahn‐Chun 
Published: May 2008

AbstractLysophosphatidic acid (LPA), known as the “ovarian cancer activating factor,” is a natural phospholipid involved in important biological functions, such as cell proliferation, wound healing and neurite retraction. LPA causes colony dispersal in various carcinoma cell lines by inducing morphological changes, including membrane ruffling, lamellipodia formation, cell–cell dissociation and single cell migration. However, its effects on cell–cell dissociation and cell–cell adhesion of ovarian cancer cells have not been studied. In our study, we showed that LPA induced sequential events of intercellular junction dispersal and “half‐junction” formation in ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells and that Src‐family kinases were involved in both processes, since the effects were abolished by the selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor PP2. LPA induced rapid and transient activation of Src family kinases, which were recruited to cell–cell junctions by increasing the association with the adherens junction protein p120‐catenin. We identified the Src family kinase, Fyn, as the key component associated with p120‐catenin after LPA stimulation in SKOV3 cells. Our study provides evidence that LPA induces junction dispersal in ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells by activating the Src family kinase Fyn and increasing its association with p120‐catenin at the cell–cell junction. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Prenatal diagnosis of trisomy 16 mosaicism manifested as pulmonary artery stenosis
Authors: Hidaka Nobuhiro , Yamamoto Nari , Tsukimori Kiyomi , Hojo Satoshi , Suzuki Satoshi O. , Wake Norio 
Published: May 2008

AbstractTrisomy 16 mosaicism detected at midtrimester amniocentesis is rare and indicative of true fetal mosaicism. We report a case of mosaic trisomy 16 diagnosed by amniocentesis in which the sonographic findings included fetal pulmonary artery stenosis, a single umbilical artery, and early onset fetal growth restriction. The pregnancy was legally terminated. A review of previous reports suggests that abnormalities of outlet tracts are rarely encountered in fetuses with trisomy 16 mosaicism revealed via amniocentesis. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2009
Monochromatic Hamiltonian t‐tight Berge‐cycles in hypergraphs
Authors: Dorbec Paul , Gravier Sylvain , Sárközy Gábor N. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractIn any r‐uniform hypergraph ${\cal{H}}$ for 2 ≤ t ≤ r we define an r‐uniform t‐tight Berge‐cycle of length ℓ, denoted by Cℓ(r, t), as a sequence of distinct vertices v1, v2, … , vℓ, such that for each set (vi, vi + 1, … , vi + t − 1) of t consecutive vertices on the cycle, there is an edge Ei of ${\cal{H}}$ that contains these t vertices and the edges Ei are all distinct for i, 1 ≤ i ≤ ℓ, where ℓ + j ≡ j. For t = 2 we get the classical Berge‐cycle and for t = r we get the so‐called tight cycle. In this note we formulate the following conjecture. For any fixed 2 ≤ c, t ≤ r satisfying c + t ≤ r + 1 and sufficiently large n, if we color the edges of Kn(r), the complete r‐uniform hypergraph on n vertices, with c colors, then there is a monochromatic Hamiltonian t‐tight Berge‐cycle. We prove some partial results about this conjecture and we show that if true the conjecture is best possible. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 59: 34–44, 2008
MRI in nonischemic acquired heart disease
Authors: Ordovás Karen G. , Reddy Gautham P. , Higgins Charles B. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractCardiac MRI applications for diagnosis and follow‐up of patients with acquired heart disease are constantly expanding. This review article presents an overview of the use of cardiac MRI in nonischemic acquired heart disease. The role of MRI in nonischemic acquired heart disease continues to be influenced by perceived capabilities of echocardiography. The applications discussed in this review are: myocardial diseases including cardiomyopathies, arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia and myocarditis; pericardial diseases, especially constrictive pericarditis; cardiac and paracardiac masses; and valvular heart disease. Cine MR is now regarded as the preferred method for evaluation and quantification of right ventricular function. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2008;27:1195–1213. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
High signal intensity halo around the carotid artery on maximum intensity projection images of time‐of‐flight MR angiography: A new sign for intraplaque hemorrhage
Authors: Yim Yoo Jeong , Choe Yeon Hyeon , Ko Yonghyeh , Kim Sung Tae , Kim Keon Ha , Jeon Pyoung , Byun Hong Sik , Kim Dong‐Ik 
Published: May 2008

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the value of the high signal intensity halo sign as a new marker of a fresh or recent intraplaque hemorrhage on the maximum intensity projection (MIP) images of time‐of‐flight (TOF) MR angiography.Materials and MethodsA total of 135 consecutive patients were included in this study. High‐resolution MRI using 3‐inch surface coils was performed on a 1.5T scanner before the carotid endarterectomy. TOF MR angiograms and T2‐weighted, T1‐weighted pre‐ and postcontrast fast spin echo images were obtained. The surgical and pathological findings of the carotid artery were analyzed and correlated with the MRI findings.ResultsA total of 42 atheromas (31.1%) had a fresh or recent intraplaque hemorrhage on the surgicopathological findings. A total of 38 (90.5%) of these patients showed high signal intensity halo around the carotid artery on the MIP images of TOF MR angiography. The high signal intensity halo sign, compared with the surgical and histopathological findings, demonstrated a sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of 91%, 83%, 72%, and 95%, respectively, with a 95% confidence interval (CI) in the detection of an intraplaque hemorrhage. The multisequence approach suggested the presence of an intraplaque hemorrhage with a sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of 93%, 85%, 74%, and 96%, respectively, with a 95% CI.ConclusionHigh signal intensity halo around the carotid artery on the MIP images of TOF MR angiography is useful in the noninvasive detection of a fresh or recent carotid intraplaque hemorrhage. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2008;27:1341–1346. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparison of lipid‐rich necrotic core size in symptomatic and asymptomatic carotid atherosclerotic plaque: Initial results
Authors: Cappendijk Vincent C. , Kessels Alfons G.H. , Heeneman Sylvia , Cleutjens Kitty B.J.M. , Schurink Geert Willem H. , Welten Rob J.Th.J. , Mess Werner H. , van Suylen Robert‐Jan , Leiner Tim , Daemen Mat J.A.P. , van Engelshoven Jos M.A. , Kooi M. Eline 
Published: May 2008

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the potential difference in the size of the lipid‐rich necrotic core (LRNC) in carotid plaques of symptomatic patients versus asymptomatic patients. Pathological studies established that a large LRNC is an important feature of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque. Previously, we have demonstrated a high correlation between semiquantitative analysis of the LRNC size in T1‐weighted (w) turbo field echo (TFE) MR images and histology.Materials and MethodsThirty‐seven patients with carotid stenosis >70% with (n = 26) or without (n = 11) symptoms were included. Three independent MR readers quantified the amount of LRNC with a T1w TFE pulse sequence. The relative amount of LRNC (LRNC score) was defined as sum of cross‐sectional area percentages LRNC per carotid plaque.ResultsInterreader agreement for the three MR readers was good, with an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC, 95% confidence interval [CI]) of 0.72 (0.57–0.83). All three MR readers on average found a larger LRNC in the symptomatic group of patients, although this was not statistically significant. The mean LRNC score was 116 ± 129 and 59 ± 62 for symptomatic and asymptomatic patients, respectively (P = 0.13). Symptomatic patients showed wide ranges in LRNC scores (0–424), while the range was much lower in the asymptomatic group (0–170).ConclusionSingle‐sequence T1w TFE may be a promising technique to study atherosclerotic plaque at risk of stroke. Larger studies are warranted to confirm these promising results. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2008;27:1356–1361. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Evaluation of neovessels in atherosclerotic plaques of rabbits using an albumin‐binding intravascular contrast agent and MRI
Authors: Cornily Jean‐Christophe , Hyafil Fabien , Calcagno Claudia , Briley‐Saebo Karen C. , Tunstead James , Aguinaldo Juan‐Gilberto S. , Mani Venkatesh , Lorusso Vito , Cavagna Friedrich M. , Fayad Zahi A. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractPurposeTo test whether B‐22956/1, a novel intravascular contrast agent with a high affinity to serum albumin (Bracco Imaging SpA.), allowed quantifying neovessel and macrophage density in atherosclerotic plaques of rabbits using MRI.Materials and MethodsA T1‐weighted MRI of the aorta was acquired in 10 rabbits (7 atherosclerotic and 3 control rabbits) before and up to 2 h after intravenous injection of 100 μmol/kg of Gd‐DTPA or 75 μmol/kg of B‐22956/1. Plaque enhancement was measured at different time points. Immunohistochemistry was performed using anti‐CD 31 antibodies and anti‐RAM 11 antibodies to correlate to neovessel and macrophage density, respectively.ResultsMRI showed a significant plaque enhancement 2 h after B‐22956/1 versus Gd‐DTPA in the atherosclerotic group (39.75% versus 9.5%; P < 0.0001. Early atherosclerotic plaques (n = 146) enhancement positively correlates with neovessel density on corresponding histological sections (r = 0.42; P < 0.01). Enhancement of atherosclerotic plaques 2 h after injection of B‐22956/1 correlated with macrophage density (r = 0.71; P < 0.01).ConclusionEnhancement of atherosclerotic plaques with MRI correlated with neovessel density at early time points after the injection of B‐22956/1 and with macrophage density, at later time points. Hence, B‐22956/1‐enhanced MRI represents a promising imaging technique for the identification of “high‐risk” plaques. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2008;27:1406–1411. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
3D dynamic contrast‐enhanced MRI of rectal carcinoma at 3T: Correlation with microvascular density and vascular endothelial growth factor markers of tumor angiogenesis
Authors: Zhang Xiao Ming , Yu Dexin , Zhang Hong Lei , Dai Yong , Bi Dongsong , Liu Zhiyan , Prince Martin R. , Li Chuanfu 
Published: May 2008

AbstractPurposeTo determine how dynamic contrast‐enhanced (DCE) MRI at 3T correlates with rectal carcinoma angiogenesis.Materials and MethodsThree‐dimensional (3D) DCE MRI was performed in 38 patients (23 males, 15 females, mean age 60 years) with histologically‐confirmed rectal carcinoma at 3T. Time‐intensity curves (TICs) were used to measure peak enhancement ratio (ERpeak), time to peak enhancement (Tpeak), first enhancement time (Tfirst‐enhance), and uptake rate for rectal tumor, normal rectal wall, and gluteal muscle. After tumor resection, microvascular density (MVD) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression were determined using immunohistochemistry (IHC) stains on available specimens (N = 24) to correlate with DCE MRI.ResultsRectal carcinoma showed higher ERpeak (3.0 ± 0.9 vs. 1.9 ± 0.9, P < 0.001), higher uptake rate (2.8 ± 1.5/minute vs. 1.2 ± 0.9/minute, P < 0.001), earlier Tpeak (88 ± 56 seconds vs. 124 ± 72 seconds, P = 0.027), and earlier Tfirst‐enhance (34 ± 6 seconds vs. 40 ± 7 seconds, P = 0.008) than normal rectal wall. Adenocarcinoma had shorter Tpeak compared to signet cell carcinoma (77 ± 48 seconds vs. 160 ± 62 seconds, P = 0.004). Tpeak was negatively correlated with MVD (r = –0.516, P = 0.01) and the mean Tpeak was significantly earlier for the VEGF‐positive group compared to the VEGF‐negative group (57 ± 17 seconds vs. 107 ± 64 seconds, P = 0.021).ConclusionDCE MRI parameters help predict rectal tumor angiogenesis measured by MVD and VEGF expression and discriminate malignant from normal tissue. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2008;27:1309–1316. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Inferring origin of vascular supply from tracer arrival timing patterns using bolus tracking MRI
Authors: Christensen Søren , Calamante Fernando , Hjort Niels , Wu Ona , Blankholm Anne Dorte , Desmond Patricia , Davis Stephen , Østergaard Leif 
Published: May 2008

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the potential of novel postprocessing and visualization techniques to distinguish presence of collateral flow using Bolus Tracking MRI. Collateral blood supply is believed to be of paramount importance in acute stroke, yet clinical evaluation is challenging as the gold standard digital subtraction angiography is often not feasible in the acute scenario.Materials and MethodsIn principle, bolus arrival delay data contains information about the route of blood supply into tissue and hereby presence of collateral flow patterns. We first examined the potential of current clinical bolus tracking protocols to accurately characterize bolus arrival delay. Using the simulation results, we analyzed bolus tracking data from one normal volunteer and one acute stroke patient.ResultsThe bolus arrival patterns in the volunteer and in the normal hemisphere of the patient were found to be qualitatively similar and in good agreement with physiology. The bolus was seen to spread from the larger arteries toward the periphery. The stroke hemisphere in the patient indicated a retrograde direction of flow on the cortical mantle consistent with leptomeningeal vessels.ConclusionBolus tracking MRI can likely be used to distinguish collateral flow patterns from normal flow patterns. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2008;27:1371–1381. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A new method for the determination of aortic pulse wave velocity using cross‐correlation on 2D PCMR velocity data
Authors: Fielden Samuel W. , Fornwalt Brandon K. , Jerosch‐Herold Michael , Eisner Robert L. , Stillman Arthur E. , Oshinski John N. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the reproducibility of a new multisite axial pulse wave velocity (PWV) measurement technique that makes use of 2D PCMR data and cross‐correlation analysis.Materials and MethodsPWV was estimated with MRI in 13 healthy volunteers by a transit‐time technique (TT), a multisite technique utilizing 1D PCMR data in the descending aorta (FOOT), and a new multisite axial technique that uses 2D PCMR data over the ascending, transverse, and descending sections of the aorta (2D‐XC).ResultsNo significant difference was observed between PWV measurements values measured by the three techniques. However, 2D‐XC displayed significantly better intertest reproducibility than either the TT or FOOT methodologies. Average percent difference between scans: TT: 15.8% ± 13.4%, FOOT: 21.3% ± 16.9%, 2D‐XC: 7.72% ± 4.73%. P = 0.02 for both 2D‐XC/TT comparison and 2D‐XC/FOOT comparison.Conclusion2D‐XC is a more reproducible method than either the established TT or FOOT methods to estimate the aortic PWV. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2008;27:1382–1387. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The erythemal clearness index for Valencia, Spain
Authors: Tena F. , Martínez‐Lozano J. A. , Utrillas M. P. , Marín M. J. , Esteve A. R. , Cañada J. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe values of three clearness indices have been measured for the city of Valencia: kt, the clearness index for the whole solar spectrum, ktUV the clearness index for the ultraviolet range, and the erythemal clearness index for the erythemal radiation ktUVER, corresponding to the solar radiation weighted by the erythemal action spectrum on human skin, normalized with respect to the solar constant corresponding to that spectrum. The measurements of ktUV reached values that were approximately 54% of that corresponding to kt, while those of ktUVER were much smaller. Some statistics of the erythemal clearness index have been calculated both for monthly as well as hourly means. The shape of the distribution in both cases was nearly normal, so standard deviation and variance were used to analyse the dispersion of the data. The ratio of the erythemal clearness index and the corresponding solar irradiance was also studied. When only the central hours of the day were considered the relation between the two was markedly linear, giving a correlation coefficient that reached 99%. Copyright © 2008 Royal Meteorological Society
An analytical model of the rotational Raman response function of molecular gases
Authors: Zheltikov A. M. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractWe show that the rotational Raman response function of a molecular gas can be mimicked with a series of time‐ and phase‐shifted harmonic‐oscillator terms damped by Gaussian and exponential factors with time constants related to the parameters of molecular rotations. The proposed model is employed to derive compact analytical solutions illustrating a phase control of molecular rotations by ultrashort laser pulses and describing tailored phase masks implemented by molecular rotations driven by optimally time‐ordered pulse sequences. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Stimuli‐Responsive Chitosan‐graft‐Poly(N‐vinylcaprolactam) as a Promising Material for Controlled Hydrophobic Drug Delivery
Authors: Prabaharan Mani , Grailer Jamison J. , Steeber Douglas A. , Gong Shaoqin 
Published: May 2008

AbstractA novel type of pH‐ and thermo‐responsive copolymer, chitosan‐graft‐poly(N‐vinylcaprolactam) (chitosan‐g‐PNVCL), was prepared by grafting carboxyl‐terminated poly(N‐vinylcaprolactam) (PNVCL–COOH) chains onto a chitosan backbone as a drug‐delivery carrier. The formation of chitosan‐g‐PNVCL was confirmed by FT‐IR and 1H NMR techniques. Chitosan‐g‐PNVCL showed a definite phase transition at 32 °C as occurs in pure PNVCL. The swelling degree of the chitosan‐g‐PNVCL beads was found to be higher at pH 2.2 than at pH 7.4. Moreover, the swelling degree of the beads decreased with increased environmental temperature. Compared to the chitosan beads, the release profile of chitosan‐g‐PNVCL beads showed a slower and more controlled release of the entrapped ketoprofen. The release behavior of the chitosan‐g‐PNVCL beads was influenced by both the pH and temperature of the medium. The MTT assay showed no obvious cytotoxicity of chitosan‐g‐PNVCL against a human endothelial cell line over a concentration range of 0–400 µg · mL−1. These results suggest that chitosan‐g‐PNVCL could be a potential stimuli‐responsive material for controlled drug delivery, and it may improve the bioavailability, efficacy, and compliance of the encapsulated drugs.magnified image
Influence of novel cycle concepts on the high‐temperature corrosion of power plants
Authors: Bordenet Bettina 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe aim to reduce CO2 emissions has triggered the evaluation of new cycle concepts for power plants. CO2‐capture concepts are also evaluated to add on new and existing power plants. For combined cycle power plants (CCPP), different cycles are investigated such as integrated gasification (IGCC) or oxy‐fuel firing. Besides the difference in combustion compared to a conventional CCPP, the environmental boundary conditions are changed and will affect the oxidation and corrosion life of the materials in the hot‐gas path of the gas turbine and the heat‐recovery steam generator. For the circulating fluidised bed power plants, the biomass co‐firing and the oxy‐fuel firing are also foreseen for CO2‐emission reduction. The fireside corrosion of the water walls will be influenced by these concepts and the changed fuel. The corrosion risk has been evaluated for two new power plant concepts: combined cycle with exhaust gas recirculation and pulverised coal‐fired boiler with oxy‐fuel firing. Based on this evaluation, the consequences for the testing conditions and the material selection have been discussed in detail.
HVOF coatings for steam oxidation protection
Authors: Agüero A. , Muelas R. , Gonzalez V. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractIn the context of the European project ‘Coatings for Supercritical Steam Cycles’ (SUPERCOAT), the use of steam oxidation resistant coatings on currently available ferritic materials with high creep strength but poor oxidation resistance was investigated in order to allow increase in the operating temperature of steam power plants from 550 to 650 °C. Among the explored coating techniques for this application, chosen on the basis of being potentially appropriate for coating steam turbine components, High Velocity Oxy Fuel (HVOF) thermal spray has resulted in one of the most successful techniques. Different alloyed materials such as FeCrAl, NiCrSiFeB, FeAl, NiCr and FeCr have been deposited, optimized and tested under flowing steam at 650 °C. Characterization of as deposited and tested samples by metallography, SEM‐EDS and XRD was carried out. Some of these coatings form protective pure chromium or aluminium oxides exhibiting excellent behaviour for at least 15 000 h of exposure, whereas others form less stable complex mixed oxides which nevertheless grow at considerably slower rates than the oxides formed on uncoated P92 (9 wt% Cr ferritic steel).
TG–mass spectrometry studies in coating design for supercritical steam turbines
Authors: Pérez F. J. , Castañeda S. I. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractFerritic steels in steam turbines for the power industry operate without coatings in the temperature range of 590–600 °C. For higher operation temperatures the substrate has to be replaced or coated, otherwise the ferritic substrate at a temperature of 650 °C develops thick oxide scales that promote sudden turbine blade failure. The advantage of the use of coatings is that coated ferritic steels are much less expensive than austenitic stainless steels or nickel base superalloys. In order to go forward to coatings design, the Thermo‐Calc code was used as a base for the mass spectrometry (MS)‐data. Thermogravimetry (TG)–MS experiments were conducted in a closed steam loop in order to obtain information about the oxyhydroxides formation as reaction between coatings and steam. From those results the role of the different coating element could be established and optimized for the coating durability. An oxidation mechanism based on the TG–MS results is given.
Enthalpy Relaxation of Polymers: On the Possible Role of Liquid‐Crystalline Order
Authors: Andreozzi Laura , Autiero Ciro , Faetti Massimo , Galli Giancarlo , Giordano Marco , Zulli Fabio 
Published: May 2008

AbstractIsothermal physical ageing experiments were performed by differential scanning calorimetry to probe the enthalpy relaxation in a methacrylate copolymer carrying azobenzene mesogenic side groups. Further evidence of the ability of the configurational entropy model developed by Gomez Ribelles in describing the structural relaxation mechanism of polymers is provided. The trend of the equilibrium structural relaxation time was also determined as a function of the reduced temperature Tg/T. The comparison of the aging dynamics of the copolymer with those of previous analogous copolymers containing different amounts of azobenzene counits allowed us to highlight effects of the liquid‐crystalline nematic order on the properties of structural relaxation.magnified image
Structured Hybrid Nanoparticles via Surface‐Initiated ATRP of Methyl Methacrylate from Ordered Mesoporous Silica
Authors: Audouin Fabrice , Blas Hélène , Pasetto Pamela , Beaunier Patricia , Boissière Cédric , Sanchez Clément , Save Maud , Charleux Bernadette 
Published: May 2008

AbstractStructured hybrid nanoparticles were synthesized via surface‐initiated atom transfer radical polymerization of MMA from ordered mesoporous silica (OMS) nanoparticles with various morphologies. The design of the OMS particles was adjusted to target either spherical core‐shell or cylindrical morphologies with a mean diameter below 400 nm. The polymer growth via ATRP from the silica surface was well‐controlled as demonstrated by the macromolecular characteristics of the grafted chains. Original hybrid multilayered nanoparticles composed of either a dense silica core or hollow core; an inner OMS shell showing radial orientation of the mesopores and an outer PMMA shell with controlled thickness were successfully prepared.magnified image