bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The experiment of rotating detonating engine using an asymmetric vortex shape on an annulus chamber
Authors: Dairobi G. A. , Wahid M.A. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Rotating detonating engine is new propulsion technology with promising advantages. Higher thermal efficiency and simple design with higher thrust attracted intention worldwide to make it realistic. The normal design uses a circular shape of an annulus chamber. The circular shape of the annulus chamber was well-known and tested with various conditions. The new interest area of changing a circular shape into an asymmetric shape is still unknown. Exploring the new shape of the annulus chamber was done by applying the new shape of the annulus chamber on RDE. The experiment was successfully done using methane at different conditions. Three modes can be observed from pressure product and thrust result: a mode of detonation, unstable detonation, and failure on transition. The highest thrust happens at an equivalence ratio of 1.2 with 18N. The new shape of the annulus offers the versatility of RDE.
Effect of multiple factors on sediment erosion characteristics of hydro turbine materials
Authors: Yang Junfeng , Wu Pengbo , Song Guohua , Sun Shuaihui , Wang Kai 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Hydraulic turbines on sediment-laden rivers suffer from cavitation-silt erosion. This study conducted cavitation-silt erosion tests on three materials (06Cr16Ni5Mo, Q355B, 06Cr20Ni11) with different sediment concentrations and impact velocities using a rotating disk facility, and used a scanning electron microscope (SEM) to observe the cavitation-silt erosion characteristics of the materials. The results show that the cumulative weight loss of all materials continuously increases with the sediment concentration and impact velocity rises. The weight loss of 06Cr16Ni5Mo is the lowest, and 06Cr20Ni11 is the highest. As the impact velocity rises, the cumulative weight loss increases exponentially. As the sediment concentration rises, there are obvious scour marks and fatigue spalling on the material surface. As the impact velocity rises, the size and depth of micro-cutting marks and cavitation pits increases. Due to the lower surface hardness of 06Cr20Ni11, the deep platelet pits appear on the material surface.
Experimental study on the optimum number of layers of fiber mats for gas-liquid coalescer
Authors: Chaolei W , Zhiqian S , Zhenbo W , Liyun Z , Yijie L , Jianhua Z , Yu L , Zhilong D 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The coalescer is widely used in deep gas dehydration due to its high efficiency. Most manufacturers make the filter by enwinding multiple layers of fiber mats to obtain high efficiency, which leads to high-pressure losses in practical applications. Obtaining the number of layers of fiber mats is based on engineering practice and experiences, which needs more data support and theoretical basis. 1-10 layers of hydrophilic fiber mat samples were made, and experiments were carried out at filter face velocities of 0.14m/s to 0.35m/s and liquid loading rate of 1.25g/min to 5g/min. In addition, the concept of collision probability based on fiber porosity is invoked. A model between efficiency and porosity is developed to obtain the optimal solution for the number of layers. The results show that the saturation is monotonically decreasing, while the pressure drop linearly increases as velocity increases. The optimum number of fiber mat layers decreases from 5 to 3 as the filter face velocity increases. The efficiency model based on the fiber porosity agrees with the experimental efficiency values, which provides theoretical support for calculating the optimal number of fiber mat layers.
Numerical simulation study of particle self-rotation velocity in cyclone separator
Authors: Liu Tielin , Heng Yaguang , Jiang Qifeng , Chen Zhengsu , Luo Xipeng 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Cyclone separators are widely used in petrochemical, environmental protection and other fields. Taking the cyclone separators with single volute inlet as the research object, in order to study the particle self-rotation velocity and motion trajectory in its internal flow field, the Reynolds stress model (RSM) was used for the gas phase and the discrete phase model (DPM) was used for the solid phase. The tangential velocity distribution and the particle motion trajectory were obtained through numerical simulation, and the tangential velocity was used to derive the formula for the particle self-rotation velocity, and self-rotation velocity distribution obtained by writing expressions in Fluent. The results show that: in the internal flow field of the cyclone separator, the place with large velocity gradient will present a larger self-rotation velocity; when the particle size is 14.44 μm and the inlet air intake is 212 m3/h, the particles can be stably suspended in a certain region of the cylindrical section.
Study of adsorption of Congo red on ferric oxide@straw magnetic composites
Authors: Qu Yanping , Ma Huimin , Liu Jiabin , Luo Yuyue , Yue Yinqi , Wang Jingqi , Cheng Ying 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this paper, citric acid-modified corn stalk and Fe3O4 were used to make magnetic straw adsorbent to realize rapid separation of adsorbent and wastewater. The influences of pH, dosage, reaction time, and initial stress on the Congo red adsorption rate were investigated. Then, we used adsorption kinetics and isothermal linear adsorption adjustment to explore the adsorption mechanism. Studies have shown the increasing doses of magnetic adsorbents on straw. When the dose was 8 g/L, the commercial adsorption rate was 95%. The adsorption process of magnetic straw adsorbent for Congo red was exothermic. Adsorption was mainly chemisorption, and the adsorption process was relatively fast, reaching adsorption equilibrium after about 90 min.
Study on synthesis and characterization of a novel pyridine imide ligated rare earth metal complex C28H51N2Ln (THF)n(CH2 SiMe3)3 (Ln = Sc, Y) and its catalytic performance in polymerization of isoprene
Authors: Lu Yongqiu , Li Xiaofang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We simply synthesized the pyridine imine rare earth trialkyl Figures (2, 3) by using the isofold scandium trialkyl complex Sc3(THF)2.5(CH2SiMe3) and the Yttrium trialkyl complex Y(THF)2.5(CH2SiMe3)3 with the pyridine imine derivative ligand (1: C28H51N2Sc (THF) (CH2SiMe3)3; 2: C28H51N2Y(THF)0.625(CH2SiMe3)3. In situ, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) showed that for pyridine imine rare earth trialkyl Figures (2, 3), different feed ratios of borate [Ph3C] [B(C6F5)4] to catalyst and different feed sequences of borate and alkyl aluminum can produce different catalytic active species. These catalytic active species can realize high activity (4.08 × 104g·molSc
−1·h−1), high selectivity, and narrow molecular weight distribution (1.4) polymerization of conjugated diene such as isoprene.
Study on conversion of glucose into HMF based on coordination of MIL-101(Cr)/Cr(OH)3 @[A-15 x%] composite with DBD plasma
Authors: Wang Lerao , Tao Xumei 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Glucose was highly economical as a reactant for the catalytic formation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). However, the regulation method of glucose conversion to HMF requires high temperatures. Dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma could realize glucose conversion in low-temperature conditions. Glucose could be isomerized to fructose on Lewis acid, and remove H2O to form HMF on Brønsted acid fructose. A variety of by-products were generated in the process of isomerization and dehydration, and thus the regulation of the Brønsted-Lewis acid site in the catalyst was essential in the targeted formation of HMF. Using Lewis acidic MIL-101(Cr) compounded with Brønsted acidic Amberlyst-15, a bi-functional catalyst MIL-101(Cr)/Cr(OH)3@[A-15 x%] was obtained. By coordinating it with DBD plasma on glucose conversion, 80.6% of the glucose conversion rate and 5.3% of HMF yield were obtained.
The discussion of dynamic modulus of asphalt mixtures under biaxial stresses
Authors: Gao Tao , Wu Lei , Liu Heng , Wei Ankang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Asphalt pavement in service is subjected to a complicated state of stress, especially in the uphill or starting and braking sections. The normal stress and the shear stress load it together. Only uniaxial vertical load was taken into account in the testing of dynamic modulus when a pavement was designed at present. In this paper, the dynamic response tests were carried out by applying the dynamic normal and shear loads to cylindrical specimens of asphalt mixtures. The dynamic modulus under vertical loading and vertical-horizontal loading were compared to analyze the effect of the combination loading. The result indicated vertical dynamic modulus under biaxial loading was significantly lower than vertical loading, as opposed to dynamic shear modulus. It could be concluded that the properties of asphalt mixture from biaxial stresses state should be paid more attention in the design of pavement, especially in the intersection and uphill sections.
Study on the brittle-plastic transition of YAG crystals based on nano-scratch experiments
Authors: Ma Rongguo , Zhang Qingli , Gao Jinyun , Sun Guihua , Dou Renqin , Han Song , Zhang Rui , Chen Zhao , Wang Xiaofei , Sun Yu , Liu Wenpeng 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
YAG crystals are typically hard and brittle materials that are prone to be damaged during optical processing. In order to improve processing quality, it is necessary to avoid brittle damage as much as possible so that the material is removed in the plastic domain, so it is particularly important to study the critical conditions for the brittle-plastic transition of YAG crystals. The brittle-plastic transition of the (100) and (111) crystal faces of YAG crystals was investigated by variable load and constant load nano-scratch experiments. By analyzing the scratch morphology and friction-scratch distance curves, the critical load of brittle plastic transition for each crystal surface is obtained. The results show that the critical loads of (100) and (111) crystal faces for brittle-plastic transformation under variable load nano-scratch experiments are 113.575 mN and 84.05 mN, respectively, and the different critical loads of the two crystal faces are due to the discrepancy of surface energy. According to Griffith’s fracture theory, because the surface energy of (100) crystal face is higher, the energy required for brittle fracture of the crystal surface is higher, so the critical load of brittle-plastic transition is larger. Finally, the correctness of the critical load was verified by constant load nano-scratch experiments.
Failure analysis of 316L stainless steel corrugated pipe
Authors: Tao Kangning , Hu Shusen , Dai Zhen 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
316L stainless steel is a kind of austenitic stainless steel with good corrosion resistance, widely used in power plants, refineries, chemical plants, etc. However, the metal bellows manufactured by 316L stainless steel have caused a corrosion perforation phenomenon in the Cl−environment, which will affect the safety of equipment operation. In this paper, by observing the corrosion morphology, examining and analyzing the material composition, corrosion products, working conditions, and production process of the metal bellows of a power generation company. The results show that the main cause of failure of stainless steel corrugated pipe is pitting corrosion perforation caused by high concentration chloride aqueous solution in the medium.
Study on source and control of high Al2O3 containing inclusions in tire cord steel
Authors: Zhang Zhenglin , Yu Fei 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The composition, size and morphology of inclusions that initiated the fractures of the tire cord during fabrication were investigated to decrease the breakage frequency of the saw wire. It was found that they were high melting point inclusions in lumpy shapes and large sizes, highly composed of Al2O3. Characteristics of inclusions appearing on the fractures were compared to inclusions observed in wire rods and materials of refractory used in the steelmaking process. The obtained results indicated that refractories used in the steelmaking process were the possible contamination sources of alumina inclusions. The frequencies of wire breakage caused by inclusions in the wire drawing process could be remarkably reduced from 4.2 to 1.5 times/ton by changing the refractories used in casting into non-Al2O3-based.
Study on electrochemical properties of Pt-Ni nanocatalysts with high index crystal facets
Authors: Guo Ruihua , Wurentuoya  , An Shengli , Zhang Wenyu , Zhang Guofang , Huang Yarong , Guan Lili , Zhu Guofu , Guo Xiong 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We prepared Pt-Ni high-index crystalline nanoparticles with various Pt-Ni molar ratios to study the microscopic morphology and electrochemical properties of these catalysts. The results demonstrated that when Pt: Ni is 1:1, the prepared catalyst has the most uniform morphology and the optimal catalytic activity, as evidenced by an electrochemical active area of 8.546 m2/g, the current density of 1.544 mA/cm2 for ethanol oxide and 1100 s steady state current density of 1.132 mA/cm2. Pt-Ni high-index crystalline nanocatalysts have such high catalytic efficiencies due to the abundance of step atoms and the doping of non-precious metal nickel.
Study on annealing effect of Ti-doped Gd2O3 films for high k dielectrics
Authors: Li Shuan , Wu Daogao , Wang Shuang , Yang Hongbo , Li Xingguo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Rare earth oxides and nitrogen oxides have drawn more and more focus as candidates for next-generation gate dielectrics in MOSFET. In this study, a Gd2O3 film doped with 3% Ti was fabricated through co-sputtering gadolinium and titanium targets in a diluted oxygen atmosphere. A systematic study was carried out to examine the annealing influence on the microstructure, surface roughness, band gap, and electrical properties of this film. Compared with as-deposited film, the annealed sample displays a smaller surface roughness (Ra=0.45 nm) and more excellent electrical performance. In terms of band gap analysis, as the annealing temperature rises from 400 to 700°C, the band gap has fallen from 4.70 eV to 4.63 eV, indicating a smaller value compared to the as-deposited sample (4.73 eV). As a result, the 600°C-annealed thin film shows the most outstanding performance with the largest k value of 23.9. Further, 600°C-annealed and as-deposited films were selected for impedance spectrum analysis and examination of the equivalent circuit. This work can offer a new insight to design novel rare earth oxides with high k dielectric and select the corresponding annealing process.
Cp*Co(III)-catalyzed C-H bond amination of indoles with arylazide compounds
Authors: Niu Ruihan , Li Ting , Sun Bo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Indoles are an important class of intermediates found in drug molecules and functional materials, so structural modification of indoles is necessary. We have developed an inexpensive and readily available transition metal cobalt(III) catalyzed selective C-H amination reaction of indoles with azides at the C2 position, which has high functional group tolerance. It provides an effective way to synthesize a range of 2-aminoindole derivatives using an environmentally friendly and resource-efficient catalytic system, paving the way for expanding the application of indole structures.
Saturated vapor pressure measurement and fitting analysis of green insulating gas C4F7N within the temperature range of 251 to 309 K
Authors: Liu Wei , Dong Li , Ma Fengxiang , Jia Xiaoqing , Cao Jun 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Perfluoroisobutyronitrile (C4F7N) is an environmentally friendly SF6 substitute with excellent insulation performance and safety, which is a focal point in the field of power insulation. This paper employs vapor pressure measuring instruments to gather 59 groups of saturated vapor pressure data of C4F7N within the temperature range of 251 to 309 K. The experimental data are fitted with the Peng Robinson equation, Antoine equation, and the “2.5, 5” Wagner equation. The following deviation analysis of the results reveals that the Wagner equation yields the most optimal fitting performance, with the absolute, relative, and average deviation percentages of ±0.5 kPa, ±0.3%, and 0.095%, respectively. These results fulfill the requisites of engineering design, applied research, and thermodynamic computations.
Adapter molding and heat transfer analysis
Authors: Jiang Ming , Zhou Kexu , Shen Feng , Zhou Linyun , Chen Yongxiao 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we investigated the excessive thermal stress caused by the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion of the material during the molding process of the adapter. It has led to the bulging phenomenon during the high and low-temperature tests. We analyzed the heat transfer mechanism of the adapter during the high and low-temperature tests by using finite element simulation. We then analyzed the causes of the bulging phenomenon. We successfully solved the bulging problem by using the method of heating up the foamed adapter together with the mold for curing, which provided a new idea for adapter molding.
Study on the high-temperature oxidation behavior of Mg-Ce binary alloys
Authors: Yu Xiaowen , Yang Jiping , Han Guangjie , Chen Sanxing , Li Jing , Zhou Wang , Wei Yanhong 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The aim of current research is to study the oxidation resistance of binary magnesium alloys containing Ce at high temperatures to provide a theoretical foundation for the application of magnesium alloys which are applied at high-temperature conditions. The oxidation properties of binary magnesium alloys containing different Ce content at high temperatures have been studied. The thermogravimetric results show that a small amount of Ce (0.2, 0.4 wt. %) addition can improve the oxidation resistance of magnesium alloys at high temperatures. Continuous-distributed Mg12Ce compounds in the two test alloys with high Ce content (≥0.7 wt. %) provided channels to the internal oxidation and thus deteriorated the oxidation resistance. MgO and CeO2 were the primary components which are detected in the oxide films. CeO2 was mainly detected at the inner layer of the film.
Study on Novel Pd-impregnated Catalyst for Synthesis of 2-Arylpropanoic Acids by Hydrocarboxylation
Authors: Ma Mengchuan , Tao Yong , Guo Zhenmei , Lv Zhiguo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In the hydrocarboxylation of the Pd-based catalyst, the heterogeneity of homogeneous processes was a reliable means to improve the recyclability of the catalyst and to inhibit the loss of noble metals. Herein, a novel heterogeneous Pd@DT017 catalyst prepared from Pd(II) salt impregnated in the acidic resin of DT017 had been studied, which revealed high performance. Correcting characterization showed that Pd(II) was successfully grafted to -SO3
- on the surface of DT017, and the Pd element was highly dispersed in DT017 with the macroporous structure. The conversion was 99.9%, and the yield of isomeric acid was 91.6% on Pd@DT017. The stability test found that Pd@DT017 had higher cycle stability.
Preparation and characterization of water-based adhesive and its application in radiation-cooling coatings
Authors: Jin Fuguo , Liu Guoqing , Shi Qiguang , Li Tiancheng , Yang Chen 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In order to prepare environmentally friendly coatings with radiative cooling performance in the middle and low-temperature domain (below 150°C), this paper first prepared a water-based adhesive. The preparation and test methods and results are as follows. The siloxane-coated cadmium telluride composite particles were prepared, and the surface layer was modified by amination with silicone coupling agent KH550. The modified composite particles were used to crosslink waterborne polyurethane to prepare waterborne adhesive and waterborne radiation coating. The composite particles and their modified aqueous emulsion film were characterized by XRD, FT-IR, TEM, TGA, and universal tester. Besides that, three kinds of water-based adhesives with different cadmium telluride content were prepared into radiation-cooling coatings and coated on steel plates. The temperature was raised to 70°C together with the uncoated steel plates, and then the temperature was lowered naturally. The cooling time of 4 steel plates to 30°C was recorded. The results show that the composite particles are microspheres, uniform in size and narrow in distribution. The radiation coatings prepared with three kinds of binders have good cooling and radiation performance, and the cooling performance increases with the increase of cadmium telluride content in the coating.
Unraveling the effects of solution treatment on the microstructure and corrosion behavior of HT-HAZ in duplex stainless steel welded joints
Authors: Shen Kuiling , Jiang Wenchun 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this work, the influence of solution treatment on the corrosion behavior and microstructure of HT-HAZ was studied. The results show that the balanced two-phase ratio is discovered after solution treatment. After solution treatment at 960°C, a small amount of chromium nitride remains at the two-phase interface and in the ferrite. With the solution treatment temperature increasing to 1120°C, chromium nitride can be fully dissolved. The chemical elements of the two-phase are redistributed during the solution treatment process, which results in changes in PREN. After solution treatment, the proportion of recrystallized grains increases whereas that of sub-structured grains decreases, indicating the reduction of residual stresses and deformations. The percentage of CSL boundaries increases as the solution treatment temperature rises. Compared with HT-HAZ without solution treatment, the improved corrosion resistance after solution treatment is ascribed to the balanced two-phase ratio, less chromium nitride precipitates, smaller residual deformations, and more CSL boundaries. However, the pitting resistance after solution treatment at 960°C is still relatively poor on account of the residual chromium nitride. The pitting nucleation sites are closely associated with the chromium nitride precipitates and PREN of two-phase.
A novel organic interface layer material to improve the efficiency of solar cells
Authors: Ouyang Shijun 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Compared with the mature inorganic silicon solar cells[1] and perovskite solar cells[2], OSC is slightly obviously immature in terms of short service life and bad power conversion efficiency (PCE)[3]. Therefore, how to improve its durability and PCE to promote its development has become the main research direction. For solar cells, one of the most effective methods to improve their performance is to introduce different materials to optimize the electron transport layer to improve the charge transport characteristics inside the cell[4]. For organic solar cells, it is to modify the existing materials, introducing organic[5] (e.g. conductive polymer or polyelectrolyte) and inorganic[6][7][8] (e.g. metal oxide) interface modification layers to optimize this layer, so as to realize the regulation of interface energy level and improve PCE.
In this work, the method of introducing an organic interface modified layer and reasonable experimental steps is used to synthesize non-conjugated polymer polyimide derivatives (BDI-RO). Combined with various photoelectric test methods and according to the work function and optical band gap of the modified interface layer, the effect of using BDI-RO as a cathode interlayer on the performance of OSC is studied and discussed.