bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Der experimentelle Stand der Anomalonen‐Forschung
Authors: Ganssauge Eberhard 
Published: May 2007

AbstractEs wird ein Überblick über den derzeitigen Stand (Oktober 1986) der experimentellen Anomalonenforschung gegeben. Die verschiedenen Meßmethoden, Kernspuremulsionstechnik, Silberchlorid‐, Einkristall‐, Plastik‐, Čerenkovzähler‐ und Blasenkammerexperimente werden einander gegenübergestellt und ihre Ergebnisse verglichen, wobei den AgCl‐Detektoren und der SCHOPPERschen Auswerteapparatur eine besondere Bedeutung für die zukünftige Forschung auf diesem Gebiet zuerkannt wird.Dem Computertrend folgend erscheinen diejenigen Methoden, die mit elektronischer Datenauswertung arbeiten, wie Plaistkdetektoren, Čerenkovzähler und der „Crystallball”︁ — unkritisch bewertet — aufgrund ihrer hohen Datenmenge den direkten Meßmethoden, wie Kernspuremulsionen und AgCl‐Einkristallen, eindeutig überlegen. Ein bislang vorwiegend negatives Resultat dieser elektronischen Methoden bezüglich des Anomaloneneffektes, der im ersten Kapitel beschrieben wird, kann in dessen äußerst komplexer Natur bei geringer Ionisationsausbeute liegen. So deuten beispielsweise eine Reihe von Emulsionsmessungen darauf hin, daß er vorwiegend in „weißen”︁ Sternen (Nh= 0) auftritt. Das könnte eventuell erklären, weshalb diejenigen Emulsionsgruppen, die sehr unempfindliche Emulsionen benutzen, kein positives Ergebnis erbringen können. Zu bedenken sind u.a. die physikalischen Parameter für den ungeklärten Umstand, daß z.B. dieselbe Emulsionsgruppe den Effekt bei einem Projektil der EnergieEeinmal sieht, bei einem anderen Projektil derselben Energie jedoch nicht findet. Es erscheint notwendig, systematisch von anderer Seite nach weiteren Charakteristika der Anomalonen zu suchen. Die neue radiochemische Methode scheint ein interessanter Vorstoß in diese Richtung zu sein. Es wäre wünschenswert, die Bemühungen um eine Automatisierung der Emulsionsmethode weiter voranzutreiben, insbesondere Arbeiten zu unterstützen, die auf diesem Wege bereits geleistet worden sind. Einige Gedanken dazu sind im Schlußkapitel wiedergegeben.Die umfangreiche theoretische Literatur konnte nur kurz gestreift werden, obwohl sie teilweise hochinteressante Ideen liefert.Insgesamt kann dieser Bericht nur den Anspruch eines Zwischenberichtes erheben; er zeigt gerade, daß die Anomalonenforschung noch ziemlich am Anfang steht.
Bäcklund Transformation and N‐Soliton Solution for the Generalized Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation
Authors: Eichhorn H. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractFor the generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation, the N‐fold Bäcklund transformation is derived. As particular results, the explicit 1‐soliton solution is obtained and the interaction of two solitons is discussed.
On the Light‐Cone Expansion in Gauge Field Theories (QED)
Authors: Bordag M. , Kaschluhn L. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe techniques for the derivation of light‐cone expansions in scalar field theories are generalized to nonscalar, especially gauge field theories. For this reason the smallness of the remainder is proved in an arbitrary renormalizable theory provided an infrared regularization is present. Then we apply the formalism to derive a light‐cone expansion for the product of two scalar currents in Quantum Electrodynamics in leading order. Thereby the gauge‐invariance of the underlying theory is used from the very beginning by the application of the known solutions of the Ward identities. As a result of that, one obtains two gauge‐invariant light cone operators, and the corresponding coefficient functions are independent one from another.
Photoakustische Messung der Absorption an einem Ensemble dichtgepackter kugelförmiger Absorber
Authors: Walther Heinz‐Günter 
Published: May 2007

AbstractUnter Benutzung des Rosencwaig‐Gersho‐Modells wurde das photoakustische Absorptionssignal von einem Ensemble dichtgepackter kugelförmiger Absorber bei Berücksichtigung der Lichtstreuung in der Probe berechnet. Die theoretischen Resultate wurden mit Meßergebnissen verglichen, die an hochbrechenden Mikroglaskugeln (Ballotini) erhalten wurden. Aus den Fittungsbedingungen sind Aussagen zur Absorption der nichtkompakten Probe möglich.
Condensate Structure of the Vacuum of Quantum Chromodynamics
Authors: Herrmann J. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe non‐perturbative vacuum structure of quantum chromodynamies (QCD) is studied with the help of methods which are generalizations of those used to describe condensation effects and quasi‐particles in superfluid and superconductive mediums. The gluon condensation is explained by the introduction of a new vacuum state defined by a Bogoljubov transformation, leading to non‐vanishing vacuum expectation values as e.g. the gluon condensation parameter, a negative vacuum energy density, and to a gap in the energy spectrum which is connected with excited quasi‐particle states with a rest mass.
On Static Asymptotically Flat Solutions of Fourth Order Gravitational Field Equations
Authors: Schmidt H.‐J. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractIt is shown that each non‐flat regular static asymptotically flat solution of the gravitational field equation following from the Lagrangian

has in a certain sense positive energy. Further, for a set of parameters including the BACH‐EINSTEIN theory

some results concerning the full nonlinear behaviour of the solutions of the field equation will be given.
Die Lorentz‐Transformation als Ausdruck der Superposition gegenläufiger Raum‐Zeit‐Beziehungen, Preisgabe des Relativitätsprinzips
Authors: Renninger M. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractJegliche Erhöhung der Eigenenergie eines mit einer Uhr ausgestatteten Objekts, ΔE = E — E0 (wobei E0 die Ruhenergie) ist verbunden mit einer Erhöhung seiner Zeitablaufgeschwindigkeit, t/t0 = E/E0 (EINSTEIN 1907). Faktische Beobachtung dieses beschleunigenden Einflusses auf die Ganggeschwindigkeit jeder an der Energieerhöhung teilhabenden Uhr ist auf denjenigen durch Erhöhung der potentiellen Energie beschränkt. Energieerhöhung in Form von kinetischer Energie \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \left({E/E_0 {\rm = }1/\sqrt {1 - \frac{{v^2 }}{{c^2 }}} } \right) $\end{document} ist im Gegenteil mit einer Verlangsamung des Zeitgangs verbunden, einer Verlangsamung von genau demselben, d.h. invers gleich großen, durch die Lorentz‐Transformation bestimmten Betrag \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \left({t/t_0 \, = \,\sqrt {1 - \frac{{v^2 }}{{c^2 }}} } \right) $\end{document}, dem Betrag der relativistischen „Zeitdilatation”︁, des „Transversalen Dopplereffekts”︁. Die Lorentz‐Transformation ist eine ausschließlich kinematische Aussage, ohne Beziehung zu der mit jeder Bewegung verbundenen Energieerhöhung.Anbetrachts des Fehlens jedes vernünftigen Grunds, warum der zeitbeschleunigende Einfluß von Energieerhöhung im Fall von kinetischer Energie fehlen sollte, erscheint seine Berücksichtigung unerläßlich. Der faktische, den Zeitgang verlangsamende Effekt \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \sqrt {1 - \frac{{v^2 }}{{c^2 }}} $\end{document} muß daher als eine Superposition des gangbeschleunigenden Energieeffekts \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ 1/\sqrt {1 - \frac{{v^2 }}{{c^2 }}} $\end{document} und eines invers „doppelt”︁ so großen kinematischen Effekts (1 — v2/c2) angesetzt werden.Es werden modifizierte Transformationsgleichungen hergeleitet, die dieser Forderung nach Unterteilung der tatsächlichen Raum‐Zeit‐Beziehungen Rechnung tragen, deren „integrale”︁ Form jedoch identisch ist mit der klassischen Lorentz‐Transformation, dann, wenn ausschließlich kinetische Energie ins Spiel kommt.Natürlich steht diese Unterteilung des Sinngehalts der Transformationsgleichungen im Widerspruch zum Relativitätsprinzip, sie setzt die Existenz eines in bezug auf das Universum absolut ruhenden Systems voraus. Eine Reihe von Argumenten wird vorgebracht, welche die Vorstellung von einem solchen Absolut‐System faszinierender erscheinen lassen als die geläufige von der Gleichwertigkeit aller Inertialsysteme.
Hartree‐Fock Energies of the Doubly Excited States of the Boron Isoelectronic Sequence
Authors: El‐Sherbini Th. M. , Mansour H. M. , Farrag A. A. , Rahman A. A. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractHartree‐Fock energies of the 1s2 2s 2p ns(4P), 1s2 2s 2p np(4P, 4D) and 1s2 2s 2p nd(4P, 4D); n = 3–6 states in the boron isoelectronic sequence are reported. The results show a fairly good agreement with the experimental data of Bromander for O IV.
Über Volumendefekte und Krümmung bei der Robertson‐Walker‐Metrik und Konstruktion kosmologischer Modelle
Authors: Gackstatter Fritz 
Published: May 2007

AbstractFür die Robertson‐Walker‐Metrik werden Riemannsche Normalkoordinaten konstruiert und der zugehörige Krümmungstensor berechnet. Anschließend werden die in [3] gewonnenen Ergebnisse über Volumendefekte und Krümmung bei der R‐W‐Metrik und bei Spezialfällen dieser Metrik, die kosmologische Modelle darstellen, angewandt. Schließlich werden kosmologische Modelle konstruiert, die verschiedene Entwicklungsstufen unseres Kosmos: p ≈ 0, 1/3 u, 2/3 u, einheitlich beschreiben. Die Friedmannschen Gleichungen werden mit Hilfe eines Laurentreihenansatzes für Energiedichte u und Druck p gelöst.
On the Origin of Spacetime Distribution of Quasars II. The Modified Model
Authors: Popić R. V. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe theory of quasar production in collisions of massive black holes with galaxies is developed. The distribution of number of quasars N with respect to the cosmological redshift Z is calculated and a fair agreement with observational data is obtained. The predictive power of the theory to explain a set of observational effects is discussed.
On the Direct Generation of Electricity from Heat in Plasmas via a Self‐Organization Process
Authors: Psimopoulos M. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractBy combining the Nernst effect with the law of Ampere, it is shown that if a temperature gradient is present in a plasma, an electric current can be self‐sustained due to the transformation of thermal into electromagnetic field energy. We call the configuration in which the above phenomenon occurs the “thermomagnetic battery” and study its steady state operation for an infinite slab geometry assuming that the plasma is fully ionized and the magnetic field is weak (ωeτe ≪ 1) so that the heat flow is mainly transferred by electrons.
In Favor of a Newtonian Quantum Gravity
Authors: Diósi L. , Lukács B. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractWe list arguments for creating a unified theory of Newtonian Gravity and Quantum Mechanics. This nonrelativistic level has been historically bypassed, however even here one is confronted with conceptional problems anticipating some features of Relativistic Quantum Gravity. Bearing in mind Wigner's famous analysis on measurabilitity in the relativistic case here a genuine uncertainty of the Newton potential is verified, leading to the breakdown of the Schrödinger equation when leaving microscopic regions.
The Hadamard Construction of Green's Functions on a Curved Space‐Time with Symmetries
Authors: John R. W. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe Hadamard constituents of Green's functions for a ζ‐parametrized generalization of the massless scalar d'Alembert equation to a curved space‐time including the conformally invariant wave equation: the world function of space‐time, the transport scalar, and the tail‐term coefficients, being simultaneously coefficients in the Schwinger‐DeWitt expansion of the Feynman propagator for the corresponding invariant Klein‐Gordon equation, are considered on a general static spherically symmetric and (2,2)‐decomposable metric. The construction equations determining the Hadamard building elements are cast into a symmetry‐adapted form and used to obtain, on a specific model metric, exact explicit solutions.
Systems with Hysteresis in an Extremely Slowly Fluctuating Environment
Authors: Jetschke G. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractSystems exhibiting hysteresis are considered in an extremely slowly fluctuating environment. The parameter causing the hysteresis is assumed to be a Markovian diffusion process elapsing much more slowly than the internal dynamics. The infinitesimal generator for the resulting Markov process including the hysteresis jumps is derived and explicit expressions for the probability densities are given. A numerical example shows the change from monomodal to bimodal behaviour of the stationary distribution if the variance of the external noise increases representing a new kind of noise‐induced transition.
Zur Entstehung des Schallstrahlungsdruckes
Authors: Richter G. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractDer Schallstrahlungsdruck in Flüssigkeiten und Gasen wird unter Benutzung der Bernoullischen Gleichung der Schallbewegung in der Näherung kleiner Amplituden erneut diskutiert, wobei einige Ableitungen vereinfacht und verkürzt wurden. Insbesondere wird der von G. Hertz und H. Mende erstmals beobachtete „negative Schallstrahlungsdruck”︁ näher betrachtet.
Über neue Erscheinungen beim Haidingerschen Büschel und seine neue Erklärung
Authors: Mo K.‐W. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractEs werden drei neue Erscheinungen im Zusammenhang mit dem Haidingerschen Büschel beschrieben, die zum Erkennen seines Wesens führen. Eine neue Erklärung wird entwickelt, die mit den Beobachtungen weitgehend übereinstimmen.
Demokrit und die Quantenmechanik
Authors: Wahsner Renate 
Published: May 2007

AbstractEs wird gezeigt, daß der antike Atomismus ein auch für die moderne Physik fundamentales Denkprinzip begründete, ein Prinzip, das es in seiner Newtonschen Modifizierung ermöglicht, die Bewegung und das Kontinuum physikalisch zu fassen.
Painleve Analysis and the Yang‐Mills Equation in Two Specific Cases
Authors: Chowdhury A. Roy , Naskar Minati 
Published: May 2007

AbstractTwo important configurations of Yang‐Mills fields are discussed applying to them the Painleve test of Ablowitz. The case with a constant electric E‐field does not admit an exact solution while the cylindrically symmetric self‐dual system admits an inverse scattering approach for instanton solution.
A Theoretical Study on Irregular Emission Properties in Lasers Coupled to a Long External Resonator
Authors: Müller R. , Glas P. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractIrregular intensity patterns have been generated numerically in a model consisting of coupled resonators including an extra bandwidth‐limiting element. The emission properties in the lasing state considered are characterized by complex‐plane representations of the field amplitude especially by a stroboscopic map. Characteristic features of the output pulses are analyzed by calculated power spectrum, autocorrelation function, and attractor dimension. Low‐frequency components, anticorrelated behavior, and a low‐dimensional strange attractor have been found revealing the chaotic nature of the dynamic behavior of the system studied.
Topological Geometrodynamics
Authors: Pitkänen M. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe identification of spacetime as a 4‐surface in the space H =M4×CP2 (product of Minkowski space and complex projective space of complex dimension two) as means of obtaining Poincare invariant theory of gravitation was the triggering idea of topological geometrodynamics (TGD), which can be regarded as an attempt to unify basic interactions in terms of submanifold geometry instead of abstract manifold geometry as in case of General Relativity. One can however regard TGD also as a generalization of string model: instead of strings free particles are regarded as 3‐surfaces. In this article I want to describe these two approaches and to show how they merge into a single coherent scheme provided macroscopic 3‐space with matter is identified as a 3‐surface containing particles as topological inhomogenities. Also the quantization program of TGD based on the idea that interacting field theory can be regarded as a classical, free field theory for Grassmann algebra valued Schrödinger amplitude in the space of all possible 3‐surfaces of H, is described.
Unser griechisches Erbe
Authors: Schöpf Hans‐Georg 
Published: May 2007

AbstractEs wird dargelegt, daß fundamentale Konzeptionen der Physik auf die griechische Naturphilosophie zurückgeführt werden können, speziell auf Pythagoreismus, Platonismus und auf den Atomismus Demokrits. Am Ende des Artikels wird ein kurzer Blick auf den Zusammenhang zwischen Aristotelismus und Physik geworfen.
Black Holes and Inflation
Authors: González‐Díaz P. F. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractA model for black hole collapse and evaporation in which the black hole is supposed to be an excited state of one of the Planck black holes pervading the structure of spacetime is discussed. By assuming a Coleman‐Weinberg gravitational effective potential for a scalar field inside the collapse matter, it is shown that the black hole state cannot be attained neither through bubble tunneling nor by the rolling down of the field.
On Some Solutions of Relativistic Wave Equations
Authors: Ternov I. M. , Khapaev A. M. , Ponomaryov I. V. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractIn this paper we present exact solutions of the Klein‐Gordon and the Dirac equations in different configurations of an electromagnetic field, which are characteristic for free‐electron laser‐type gauges. In the case of motion of a charge scalar particle in standing wave an energy spectrum is studied. For the motion of an electron in a so‐called wiggler magnetic field a spinor wave function is proved to be obtainable. An undulator field configuration with propagating wave is treated also.
Can We See SPT Interactions in Coherent Pion Production?
Authors: Rein D. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe possibility to detect nonconventional scalar, pseudoscalar or tensor interactions (SPT) in the angular distribution of pions produced coherently in neutrino nucleus reactions is reexamined. It is found that the angular distribution does not differ qualitatively from a corresponding distribution arising from conventional VA interactions unless the energy of the outgoing pion is restricted. Even then SPT interactions are likely to be overshadowed by transverse VA interactions which can mimic the former at finite although small momentum transfer Q2.
Bound Three Alpha Particles Model for the 12C Nucleus as a Three‐Body Problem
Authors: Osman Ahmed , Farag M. Y. H. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe alpha cluster model is used in the description of the 12C nucleus. This model introduces the 12C nucleus as composed of bound three alpha particles. According to this model, the 12C nucleus is studied as a three‐body problem. Three‐body integral equations are obtained by using non local separable potentials for the nuclear alpha‐alpha interactions. The separable two‐body interactions used, consist of both attraction and repulsion. The alpha‐alpha interactions are taken to be of the Gaussian potential form. The different parameters of the alpha‐alpha interaction are obtained by fitting the corresponding alpha‐alpha phase shifts. The different form factors are calculated. Also, numerical calculations of the resulting three‐body integral equations are carried out to obtain the binding energy of this bound state. The theoretically calculated value of the binding energy of the 12C nucleus as bound three‐alpha particles is in good agreement with experimental value.
Four Momentum Transfer between the Fireballs in Carbon‐Emulsion Interaction at 4.5 GeV/c per Nucleon
Authors: Ghosh D. , Sengupta R. , Roy J. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThis paper presents an analysis of the four momentum transfer between the fireballs in the events produced in 12C‐Emulsion interaction at 4.5 GeV/c per nucleon. The results have been compared with the predications of the Pomeranchuk Pole exchange model.
On the Semiclassical Quantization of the Chiral Soliton
Authors: Reinhardt H. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe soliton of the effective chiral action of QCD is quantized in a semiclassical fashion using the “cranking approach” developed for the description of rotating nuclei. It is shown that for the Skyrmion model this approach is equivalent to the semiclassical quantization proposed by Adkins et al. Contrasting the assumptions of the cranking approach to the experimental excitation spectrum of the nucleon leads to the conclusion that the semiclassical quantization is inapplicable to the chiral soliton if the latter is to describe the physical nucleon.
New Converging Collimator for Cold Neutrons Time‐Of‐Flight Measurements
Authors: Naguib K. , Sallam O. H. , Salama Mohamed 
Published: May 2007

AbstractAn idea to design a new converging collimator for cold neutron time‐of‐flight measurements is presented. Using this new facility in combination with a neutron time‐of‐flight spectrometer, we may have neutron intensity gain factors about three times that obtained using the conventional straight slit collimators. Expressions for calculating the collimators dimensions as well as the intensity gain and the time resolution broading were presented.
Introduction of Anomalous Green Functions into Quantum Chromodynamics
Authors: Herrmann J. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe nonperturbative vacuum structure of Quantum Chromodynamic is studied with the help of a generalization of the formalism of Green functions which corresponds to the method of Gorkov and Nambu in the theory of superconductivity. Taking into account the existence of gluon condensation the selfenergy of the gluon‐quasi‐particles is calculated with the help of modified rules for Feynman diagrams. The resulting integral equations for the effective field parameters contain particular solutions with an energy gap in the spectrum of the quasi‐particles and a phase transition at a critical momentum.
Gamma Dose Distribution Studies in Ducted Shield Material Having Different Configurations
Authors: Ahmed F. M. Sayed 
Published: May 2007

AbstractIn the present work the radial distribution of total gamma doses arising from the interaction of reactor neutrons and gamma radiations inside ilmenite heavy concrete shield are measured. The ilmenite concrete is pierced with neutral beam injector ducts having different diameters and lengths. The results obtained show a relative increase in radial gamma doses at a distance of 10 cm from the neutral beam end. An empirical formula was obtained, fitting the measured gamma doses at the peak position in good agreement within a factor of 1.27. Moreover the variation of the total gamma radiation was measured along straight filled ducted with different diameters and length. The experimental data obtained show a reasonable agreement with calculated ones. The scattered as well as unscattered components of the gamma radiation transmitted through a straight duct were investigated. An empirical formula describing this behaviour was obtained.
Electric Dipole Oscillator Strength and Radiative Lifetimes in the Magnesium Isoelectronic Sequence
Authors: El‐Sherbini Th. M. , Mansour H. M. M. , Farag A. A. , Rahman A. A. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractOscillator strengths for the singlet 3sns(1S)‐3smp(1P); (n, m = 3‐7), 3snp(1P)‐3smd(1D); (n = 4‐7, m = 3‐6) and the triplet 3sns(3S)‐3smp(3P); (n = 4‐7, m = 3‐7), 3snp(3P)‐3smd(3D); (n = 4‐7, m = 3‐6) transitions in the Mg I sequence are calculated in LS‐coupling scheme. The Coulomb approximation is used in calculating the radial part of the wave functions, while the angular part is determined using the Racah technique. Lifetimes of the upper 3sns(3S, 1S); (n = 4‐7) and 3snp(3P, 1P); (n = 3‐7) excited states are obtained and compared with the available experimental data.
Topological Properties of String‐Solutions of Einstein's Unified Field Theory
Authors: Kreisel Eckhard 
Published: May 2007

AbstractIf in Antoci's solution [7] of Einstein‐Schrödingers unified systems of equations the spacetime is equipped with Diraec's string topology, then the solution fulfills everywhere the Einstein‐Schrödinger equations and the quark charges are of topological origin, For the pseudo‐Hermitian theory the zero of the determinant of the metric is considered.