bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental investigation of the band broadening originating from the top and bottom walls in micromachined nonporous pillar array columns
Authors: Eghbali Hamed , De Malsche Wim , De Smet Jan , Billen Jeroen , De Pra Mauro , Kok Wim Th. , Schoenmakers Peter J. , Gardeniers Han , Desmet Gert 
Published: September 2007

AbstractWe report on the experimental investigation of the effect of the top and bottom wall plates in micromachined nonporous pillar array columns. It has been found that their presence yields an additional c‐term type of band broadening that can make up a significant fraction of the total band broadening (at least if considering nonporous pillars and a nonretained tracer). Their presence also induces a clear (downward) shift of the optimal velocity. These observations are, however in excellent quantitative agreement with the theoretical expectations obtained from a computational fluid dynamics study. The presently obtained experimental results, hence, demonstrate that the employed high aspect ratio Bosch etching process can be used to fabricate micromachined pillar arrays that are sufficiently refined to achieve the theoretical performance limit.
Origin of Bends in Unperturbed Vinyl Polymers: An Illustration with Polystyrene
Authors: Tatek Yergou B. , Mattice Wayne L. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractPrevious experimental works have shown that dendronized vinyl polymers exhibit bends when adsorbed onto a surface. Two different mechanisms are believed to be responsible for the formation of these bends. These mechanisms are the temperature dependent random fluctuations of torsional bond states on one hand, and the intramolecular interactions due to the randomness in the stereochemical sequence of side chains on the other hand. Investigation of the amplitude and scope of the above mechanisms has been made by studying the conformational space of PS chains via RIS based Monte Carlo sampling. It was found that at low temperature bend formation is due to tacticity, whereas it was thermally driven at high temperature. The existence of a transition temperature between these two bend formation modes was demonstrated. It was also shown that for atactic chains, the maximum of bend formation occurs at Pm ≈ 0.7.magnified image
Productivity and employees' organizational justice perceptions in long‐term care for the elderly
Authors: Heponiemi Tarja , Elovainio Marko , Laine Juha , Pekkarinen Laura , Eccles Martin , Noro Anja , Finne‐Soveri Harriet , Sinervo Timo 
Published: September 2007

AbstractWe examined the associations between productivity, employer characteristics, and context variables, and the organizational justice perceptions of 330 female employees in long‐term institutional elderly people care. The productivity measure used was the proportion of the inpatient days to total costs. Employees working in high productivity units experienced higher procedural justice than those working in low productivity units. Hostile employees experienced both the procedures and management as less fair than non‐hostile employees. Unit size and resident turnover were negatively and registered nurses percentage positively associated with procedural justice perceptions. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 30:498–507, 2007
The protective role of tangible support on post‐traumatic stress disorder symptoms in urban women survivors of violence
Authors: Glass Nancy , Perrin Nancy , Campbell Jacquelyn C. , Soeken Karen 
Published: September 2007

AbstractWe examined social support as a protective factor in the relationship between lifetime exposure to traumatic events and Post‐Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptomatology among urban women. Seventy‐six women who sought care in a trauma center for injuries from physical or sexual violence completed an interview. When tangible support, rather than total social support, and the interaction of tangible support and lifetime trauma were tested, tangible support moderated the relationship between lifetime trauma and PTSD. Given the complex etiology of lifetime trauma, risk for future trauma and the health needs of women who have experienced trauma, a broader range of intervention strategies that include attention to tangible support need to be developed and evaluated. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 30:558–568, 2007
Legacy of diabetes and self‐care behavior
Authors: Scollan‐Koliopoulos Melissa , O'Connell Kathleen A. , Walker Elizabeth A. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThe effect of multigenerational legacies of diabetes on health beliefs and behaviors was explored. Diabetic participants (N = 123) with family histories of diabetes responded to survey questions about their own diabetes self‐care behavior, illness representation (including consequences and controllability of diabetes), recollection of a family member's illness representation and complications, and perceived social consequences of diabetes. Recollections about family members' disease controllability (r = .21, p < .05) and social consequences (r = −.19, p < .05) and participants' own perceptions of controllability were significantly related. Significant associations were also found between perceptions of controllability and general and social consequences with medication adherence (β =−.33, β = −36, and β = −.43, respectively, all p<.05). Findings suggest that explorations of patients' recollections of a family member's experiences with diabetes can affect their illness perceptions and behavior. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 30:508–517, 2007
Psychometric testing of an instrument to measure the experience of home
Authors: Molony Sheila L. , McDonald Deborah Dillon , Palmisano‐Mills Christine 
Published: September 2007

AbstractResearch related to quality of life in long‐term care has been hampered by a paucity of measurement tools sensitive to environmental interventions. The primary aim of this study was to test the psychometric properties of a new instrument, the Experience of Home (EOH) Scale, designed to measure the strength of the experience of meaningful person‐environment transaction. The instrument was administered to 200 older adults in diverse dwelling types. Principal components analysis provided support for construct validity, eliciting a three‐factor solution accounting for 63.18% of variance in scores. Internal consistency reliability was supported with Cronbach's alpha of .96 for the entire scale. The EOH Scale is a unique research tool to evaluate interventions to improve quality of living in residential environments. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 30:518–530, 2007
A randomized controlled trial to reduce delay in older adults seeking help for symptoms of acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Tullmann Dorothy F. , Haugh Kathy H. , Dracup Kathleen A. , Bourguignon Cheryl 
Published: September 2007

AbstractOlder adults with symptoms of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) have longer pre‐treatment delay times than their younger counterparts. A 2‐group, randomized controlled sample consisted of 115 adults, 65 years of age or older with a self‐reported history of coronary artery disease. A pre‐test was given to all participants followed by a structured education and counseling intervention to those in the experimental group. Data were re‐collected at 3 months. There was a statistically significant increase in knowledge, beliefs, and perceived control without an increase in anxiety in the intervention group. There was no significant difference in attitudes. Older adults at risk for AMI should be targeted for individualized education and counseling in clinics, physician offices, and community centers. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 30:485–497, 2007
Gene expression profiles in HPV‐infected head and neck cancer
Authors: Schlecht NF , Burk RD , Adrien L , Dunne A , Kawachi N , Sarta C , Chen Q , Brandwein‐Gensler M , Prystowsky MB , Childs G , Smith RV , Belbin TJ 
Published: September 2007

AbstractEpidemiological and laboratory evidence indicate that, in addition to tobacco and alcohol, human papillomaviruses (HPV) play an important aetiological role in a subset of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). To evaluate the molecular pathogenesis of HPV‐infected HNSCC, we compared gene expression patterns between HPV‐positive and ‐negative HNSCC tumours using cDNA microarrays. Tumour tissue was collected from 42 histologically confirmed HNSCC patients from an inner‐city area of New York. Total DNA and RNA were extracted and purified from frozen tumour samples and gene expression levels were compared to a universal human reference RNA standard using a 27 323 cDNA microarray chip. HPV detection and genotyping were performed using an MY09/11‐PCR system and RT‐PCR. HPV was detected in 29% of HNSCC tumours. Most harboured only HPV16 and expressed the HPV16‐E6 oncogene. HPV prevalence was highest in pharyngeal tumours (45%). Gene expression patterns that differentiated HPV‐positive from negative tumours were compared by supervised classification analysis, and a multiple‐gene signature was found to predict HPV16 prevalence in primary HNSCC with a false discovery rate < 0.2. Focusing on never‐smokers, we further identified a distinct subset of 123 genes that were specifically dysregulated in HPV16‐positive HNSCC. Overexpressed genes in HPV‐positive HNSCC tumours included the retinoblastoma‐binding protein (p18), replication factor‐C gene, and an E2F‐dimerization partner transcription factor (TFDP2) that have also been found to be overexpressed in cervical cancer. An additional subset of genes involved in viral defence and immune response, including interleukins and interferon‐induced proteins, was found to be down‐regulated in HPV‐positive tumours, supporting a characteristic and unique transcriptional profile in HPV‐induced HNSCC. Copyright © 2007 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
High‐throughput microRNAome analysis in human germ cell tumours
Authors: Gillis AJM , Stoop HJ , Hersmus R , Oosterhuis JW , Sun Y , Chen C , Guenther S , Sherlock J , Veltman I , Baeten J , van der Spek PJ , de Alarcon P , Looijenga LHJ 
Published: September 2007

AbstractTesticular germ cell tumours (GCTs) of adolescents and adults can be subdivided into seminomas (referred to as dysgerminomas of the ovary) and non‐seminomas, all referred to as type II GCTs. They originate from carcinoma in situ (CIS), being the malignant counterparts of primordial germ cells (PGCs)/gonocytes. The invasive components mimic embryogenesis, including the stem cell component embryonal carcinoma (EC), the somatic lineage teratoma (TE), and the extra‐embryonic tissues yolk sac tumour (YST) and choriocarcinoma (CH). The other type is the so‐called spermatocytic seminomas (SS, type III GCT), composed of neoplastic primary spermatocytes. We reported previously that the miRNAs hsa‐miR 371–373 cluster is involved in overruling cellular senescence induced by oncogenic stress, allowing cells to become malignant. Here we report the first high‐throughput screen of 156 microRNAs in a series of type II and III GCTs (n = 69, in duplicate) using a quantitative PCR‐based approach. After normalization to allow inter‐sample analysis, the technical replicates clustered together, and the previous hsa‐miRNA 371–373 cluster finding was confirmed. Unsupervised cluster analysis demonstrated that the cell lines are different from the in vivo samples. The in vivo samples, both normal and malignant, clustered predominantly based on their maturation status. This parallels normal embryogenesis, rather than chromosomal anomalies in the tumours. miRNAs within a single cluster showed a similar expression pattern, implying common regulatory mechanisms. Normal testicular tissue expressed most discriminating miRNAs at a higher level than SE and SS. Moreover, differentiated non‐seminomas showed overexpression of discriminating miRNAs. These results support the model that miRNAs are involved in regulating differentiation of stem cells, retained in GCTs. Copyright © 2007 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The role of inflammatory and parenchymal cells in acute pancreatitis
Authors: Vonlaufen A , Apte MV , Imhof BA , Frossard JL 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThe infiltration of inflammatory cells into the pancreas is an early and central event in acute pancreatitis that promotes local injury and systemic complications of the disease. Recent research has yielded the important finding that resident cells of the pancreas (particularly acinar and pancreatic stellate cells) play a dynamic role in leukocyte attraction via secretion of chemokines and cytokines and expression of adhesion molecules. Significant progress has been made in recent years in our understanding of the role of leukocyte movement (adhesion to the blood vessel wall, transmigration through the blood vessel wall and infiltration into the parenchyma) in the pathophysiology of acute pancreatitis. This review discusses recent studies and describes the current state of knowledge in the field. It is clear that detailed elucidation of the numerous processes in the inflammatory cascade is an essential step towards the development of improved therapeutic strategies in acute pancreatitis. Studies to date suggest that combination therapy targeting different steps of the inflammatory cascade may be the treatment of choice for this disease. Copyright © 2007 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A hierarchical analysis of transcriptome alterations in intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) reveals common pathophysiological pathways in mammals
Authors: Buffat C , Mondon F , Rigourd V , Boubred F , Bessières B , Fayol L , Feuerstein J‐M , Gamerre M , Jammes H , Rebourcet R , Miralles F , Courbières B , Basire A , Dignat‐Georges F , Carbonne B , Simeoni U , Vaiman D 
Published: September 2007

AbstractIntra‐uterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a frequent disease, affecting up to 10% of human pregnancies and responsible for increased perinatal morbidity and mortality. Moreover, low birth weight is an important cause of the metabolic syndrome in the adult. Protein depletion during the gestation of rat females has been widely used as a model for human IUGR. By transcriptome analysis of control and protein‐deprived rat placentas, we were able to identify 2543 transcripts modified more than 2.5 fold (1347 induced and 1196 repressed). Automatic functional classification enabled us to identify clusters of induced genes affecting chromosome structure, transcription, intracellular transport, protein modifications and apoptosis. In particular, we suggest the existence of a complex balance regulating apoptosis. Among repressed genes, we noted several groups of genes involved in immunity, signalling and degradation of noxious chemicals. These observations suggest that IUGR placentas have a decreased resistance to external aggression. The promoters of the most induced and most repressed genes were contrasted for their composition in putative transcription factor binding sites. There was an over‐representation of Zn finger (ZNF) proteins and Pdx1 (pancreatic and duodenal homeobox protein 1) putative binding sites. Consistently, Pdx1 and a high proportion of ZNF genes were induced at the transcriptional level. A similar analysis of ZNF promoters showed an increased presence of putative binding sites for the Tata box binding protein (Tbp). Consistently again, we showed that the Tbp and TBP‐associated factors (Tafs) were up‐regulated in IUGR placentas. Also, samples of human IUGR and control placentas showed that human orthologous ZNFs and PDX1 were transcriptionnally induced, especially in non‐vascular IUGR. Immunohistochemistry revealed increased expression of PDX1 in IUGR human placentas. In conclusion, our approach permitted the proposition of hypotheses on a hierarchy of gene inductions/repressions leading to massive transcriptional alterations in the IUGR placenta, in humans and in rodents. Copyright © 2007 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analysis of copy number changes suggests chromosomal instability in a minority of large colorectal adenomas
Authors: Jones AM , Thirlwell C , Howarth KM , Graham T , Chambers W , Segditsas S , Page KM , Phillips RKS , Thomas HJW , Sieber OM , Sawyer EJ , Tomlinson IPM 
Published: September 2007

AbstractWe have examined chromosomal‐scale mutations in 34 large colorectal adenomas (CRAs). A small number of changes (median = 2, IQR = 0–4) were found by array‐comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) in most tumours. The most common changes were deletions of chromosomes 1p, 9q, 17, 19, and 22, and gains of chromosomes 13 and 21. SNP‐LOH analysis and pseudo‐digital SNP‐PCR analysis detected occasional copy‐neutral LOH. Some aCGH changes found frequently in colorectal carcinomas, such as deletions of chromosomes 4q and 18q, were very infrequent in the adenomas. Almost all copy number changes were of small magnitude, far below the predicted levels even for single copy gain/loss; investigation suggested that these changes were either artefactual or occurred in sub‐clones within the tumours. In some cases, these sub‐clones may have represented progression towards carcinoma, but comparison with aCGH data from carcinomas showed this to be unlikely in most cases. In two adenomas, there was evidence of a large, outlying number of copy number changes, mostly resulting from part‐chromosome deletions. Overall, moreover, there was evidence of a tendency towards part‐chromosome deletions—consistent with chromosomal instability (CIN)—in about one‐sixth of all tumours. However, there was no evidence of CIN in the form of whole‐chromosome copy number changes. Our data did not support previous contentions that CRAs tend to show chromosome breakage at fragile sites owing to CIN associated with an elevated DNA damage response. Chromosomal‐scale mutations occur in some CRAs; although CIN is not the norm in these lesions, it probably affects a minority of cases. Copyright © 2007 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A urokinase‐type plasminogen activator deficiency diminishes the frequency of intestinal adenomas in ApcMin/+ mice
Authors: Ploplis VA , Tipton H , Menchen H , Castellino FJ 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThe interaction of urokinase‐type plasminogen activator (uPA) and its receptor, uPAR, on cell surfaces facilitates the generation of cell‐bound plasmin, thus allowing cells to establish a proteolytic front that enables their migration through protein barriers. This complex also activates cell signalling pathways that influence cell functions. Clinical studies have identified uPA as an indicator of poor overall survival in patients with colorectal cancer. In the current study, a mouse model of colon cancer, ApcMin/+, with an additional deficiency of uPA (ApcMin/+/Plau−/−) was used to determine the effects of uPA on tumour initiation and growth. Utilizing this model, it was found that the number of tumours was diminished in these mice relative to ApcMin/+ mice, which correlated with the decreased leukocyte infiltration in the tumours. However, tumour growth was not impeded in ApcMin/+/Plau−/− mice, and proliferation and tumour vascularization were, in fact, enhanced in ApcMin/+/Plau−/− mice. These latter effects are consistent with a mechanism involving up‐regulation of COX‐2 expression and Akt pathway activation in ApcMin/+/Plau−/− mice. The results from this study suggest that uPA plays dual and opposing roles in regulating lesion development: one early, during the transition from normal epithelia to dysplastic lesions, and another later during tumour growth. Copyright © 2007 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The p53–Mdm2 network in progenitor cell expansion during mouse postnatal development
Authors: Liu G , Terzian T , Xiong S , Van Pelt CS , Audiffred A , Box NF , Lozano G 
Published: September 2007

AbstractMdm2, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, negatively regulates the tumour suppressor p53. Loss of Mdm2 in mice results in p53‐dependent apoptosis and embryonic lethality. This phenotype was rescued by the p53515C allele, which encodes an apoptosis‐deficient p53R172P protein. However, these mice died within 2 weeks of birth, due to a severe impairment of progenitor cell expansion during postnatal haematopoiesis and cerebellar development, leading to p53‐dependent cell cycle arrest. Loss of Mdm2 led to phosphorylation of the p53R172P protein, p53R172P stability and activation of the cell cycle inhibitor p21 in proliferating cells, but not in differentiated cells, in multiple tissue compartments. Proliferating cells of epithelial origin were not affected. The haematopoietic and neural defects were alleviated in mice lacking Mdm2 and containing one p53515C and one p53‐null allele, but spermatogenesis was arrested. These findings establish a crucial role for the p53–Mdm2 network in regulating proliferation and progenitor expansion in many cell lineages and have important implications for the use of drugs that aim to disrupt the p53–Mdm2 interaction. Copyright © 2007 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Suction blister fluid as potential body fluid for biomarker proteins
Authors: Kool Jeroen , Reubsaet Léon , Wesseldijk Feikje , Maravilha Raquel T. , Pinkse Martijn W. , D'Santos Clive S. , van Hilten Jacobus J. , Zijlstra Freek J. , Heck Albert J. R. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractEarly diagnosis is important for effective disease management. Measurement of biomarkers present at the local level of the skin could be advantageous in facilitating the diagnostic process. The analysis of the proteome of suction blister fluid, representative for the interstitial fluid of the skin, is therefore a desirable first step in the search for potential biomarkers involved in biological pathways of particular diseases. Here, we describe a global analysis of the suction blister fluid proteome as potential body fluid for biomarker proteins. The suction blister fluid proteome was compared with a serum proteome analyzed using identical protocols. By using stringent criteria allowing less than 1% false positive identifications, we were able to detect, using identical experimental conditions and amount of starting material, 401 proteins in suction blister fluid and 240 proteins in serum. As a major result of our analysis we construct a prejudiced list of 34 proteins, relatively highly and uniquely detected in suction blister fluid as compared to serum, with established and putative characteristics as biomarkers. We conclude that suction blister fluid might potentially serve as a good alternative biomarker body fluid for diseases that involve the skin.