bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects and mechanisms of action of Nigella Sativa on adipokines: a comprehensive systematic review of animal and clinical studies
Authors: Malek Mahdavi Aida , Javadivala Zeinab 
Published: February 2024

PurposeThis systematic review aims to gain the studies regarding the effect of Nigella Sativa (N. sativa) on adipokines including leptin, adiponectin and resistin.Design/methodology/approachSearch was carried out using databases Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed and Google Scholar with no restriction on language or date until February 2023 and alert services were applied to identify any paper after the primary search.FindingsEighteen animal and human studies were eligible for the current systematic review. Leptin and resistin levels showed a downward tendency after consuming N. sativa and its ingredients [e.g. oil, thymoquinone (TQ) and thymol] as well as its extracts (e.g. water extract). Furthermore, considering 4 of 8 animal research studies and 2 of 5 human studies that evaluated adiponectin levels, a significant increase was observed after using N. sativa and its ingredients (e.g. oil, TQ and thymol).Originality/valueThe present paper collates evidence from animal and human studies regarding the effect of N. sativa on adipokines including leptin, adiponectin and resistin.
The effects of fortification of yogurt with various functional flours on survival and growth of probiotic bacteria and sensory properties of the yogurt
Authors: DeBruyne Alissa Nicole , Hekmat Sharareh 
Published: February 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to determine the viability of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GR-1 (L. rhamnosus GR-1) in five yogurt samples with or without quinoa, chickpea, soybean and rice flour over various fermentation periods and refrigerated storage durations, with a focus on exploring the potential of functional foods, which provide health benefits beyond nutritional value. Additionally, the study aimed to evaluate consumer acceptance of yogurt fortified with functional flour. Using a nine-point hedonic scale, from 1 (dislike extremely) to 9 (like extremely), participants rated appearance, flavour, texture and overall acceptability.

Design/methodology/approach
The samples were inoculated with the probiotic strain L. rhamnosus GR-1 and fermented for 0, 2, 4 and 6 h at 38°C, followed by refrigerated storage at 4°C for 1, 15 and 30 days, respectively. Microbial enumeration was performed throughout fermentation and storage to assess the viability of L. rhamnosus GR-1. A sensory evaluation involving 86 participants was conducted to assess the consumer acceptability of the yogurt samples.

Findings
Notably, L. rhamnosus GR-1 achieved viable counts of 108 colony-forming units per mL in all treatments at all fermentation time points. Over the 30-day storage period, no statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) in average pH values were observed among the five treatments, and within each treatment, pH levels remained stable, with an overall mean of 4.2 ± 0.64. Treatment 4, which featured rice flour fortification, received higher hedonic scores from sensory panellists in terms of appearance, flavour, texture and overall acceptability. These findings indicate that incorporating functional flours in conjunction with cow’s milk effectively promotes and preserves the viability of L. rhamnosus GR-1 in yogurt.

Originality/value
Exploring the potential of probiotic yogurt enriched with diverse functional flours to enhance nutritional content and health benefits as well as attract new consumers, this study addressed a critical gap in understanding consumer perceptions and generated insights for creating innovative and health-promoting dairy products.
Adopting immersive technologies in construction training: determining educational decision-making criteria through a Delphi technique
Authors: Gutierrez-Bucheli Laura , Goh Jian Tsen , Rashidi Ali , Maxwell Duncan , Digby Ross , Fang Yihai , Pook Henry , Arashpour Mehrdad 
Published: February 2024

PurposeIn the realm of construction education, the investigation of immersive learning and extended reality (XR) technologies has experienced a surge in recent times. Nevertheless, there remains a notable lack of comprehension surrounding the most efficient ways to integrate these technologies into tailored teaching approaches for vocational construction training. This research study aims to pinpoint the key factors that construction vocational education and training (VET) providers must consider when introducing XR technologies into their training schemes.Design/methodology/approachThis study conducted an in-depth literature review to develop an initial framework to summarise training, technology and institutional factors influencing the educational-technology integration of XR technologies in VET. In addition, this study utilised a Delphi technique, including semi-structured group discussions and two rounds of online follow-up questionnaires, to capture VET experts’ judgements on the importance of decision-making criteria.FindingsThis study has identified the critical factors to be considered in the VET sector when adopting XR technologies. Findings revealed institutional factors were the most important criteria for participants, followed by training and technology factors.Research limitations/implicationsThe current decision-making process focuses on selecting XR technologies rather than evaluating their performance after implementation. Therefore, more research is needed to monitor the implementation of this technology in curricula from a senior management perspective. This will help to understand the cost and value factors related to the value proposition of XR technologies in courses.Practical implicationsTo ensure the success and long-term viability of the technology-curriculum interface, it is important to consider factors such as the availability of technical and educational support, data security and cost-effectiveness. It is also crucial to focus on ease of use and content development that emphasises instruction to create engaging content for learners.Originality/valueThe potential impact of this study is underpinned by two facts: (1) it constitutes the first effort made in the field to comprehensively elicit VET expert judgements in relation to XR technologies, and (2) it offers decision-making criteria that are at play in seeking to take advantage of high-cost technologies that are rapidly evolving. While there is no simple checklist for XR implementation, this study takes a step further to identify significant factors influencing XR integration in vocational construction training.
From death comes life: Large vertebrate carrion enhances seedling establishment in clonal ericaceous shrubs
Authors: Arnberg Mie P. , Eycott Amy E. , Steyaert Sam M. J. G. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Carrion can have disproportionally large effects on ecological processes and community dynamics. During decomposition, the influx of growth‐limiting nutrients can create small‐scale disturbances with high soil cover known as ‘cadaver decomposition islands’ (CDIs). Such disturbances can allow for altered plant species composition, increased biomass production or provide microsites for regeneration. Carcasses also provide a resource for omnivorous scavengers, which have the potential to direct endozoochorous seed dispersal towards developing CDIs.

In this study, we investigated functional links between the scavenger community, carcass‐induced disturbances in vegetation and the seedling establishment of berry‐producing ericaceous species. We experimentally placed out 30 vertebrate carcasses of various species in a boreal forest ecosystem, each paired with a control and a mechanically disturbed plot to track vertebrate animal activity (i.e. dispersal vectors), vegetation changes (i.e. recruitment windows) and seedling establishment. We hypothesized that carcass size and season of experimental deposition would affect (H1) scavenger community composition and (H2) formation of CDIs, and that (H3) seedling establishment of ericaceous species is more abundant at CDIs compared with control or disturbed plots without carcass deposition.

We found that carcass presence effectively created a spatiotemporal hotspot of animal activity and that 94% of observations of vertebrates at carcasses were of species with the potential for ericaceous seed dispersal. Larger carcasses (e.g. moose, reindeer) attracted similar and abundant vertebrate communities, whereas observations at small carcasses (e.g. red fox) resembled those at control plots (H1). Only larger carcasses led to CDI formation (i.e. potential recruitment microsites), while plots with small carcasses resembled control plots (H2). Surprisingly, the season of carcass deposition did not influence vertebrate composition at carcass plots or CDI formation (H1–2). Seedlings were significantly more abundant in CDIs compared with mechanical disturbance and control plots (H3). Overall, CDIs contained about 4 and 19 times more seedlings compared with disturbed and controls, respectively.

Our study demonstrates how individual carcasses in a boreal forest landscape can facilitate sexual reproduction in ericaceous keystone species. We suggest that this pathway also occurs in other ecosystems and that it may contribute to the genetic diversity of plant populations.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Damage caused by Leptoglossus occidentalis Heidemann (Hemiptera: Coreidae) on Pinus pinea L. cones varies with feeding season
Authors: Ponce‐Herrero Laura , Ponce Díaz Ana , Pando Fernández Valentín , Alves‐Santos Fernando Manuel , Pajares Alonso Juan Alberto 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The commercialization of pine nuts generates major economic benefits for the Mediterranean basin. This has been reduced due to an increase in cone and seed damage associated with the spread of the western conifer seed bug (WCSB) throughout the Mediterranean region and the Dry Cone Syndrome appearing on pine cones. Studies on several conifer species have associated cone and seed damage with WCSB feeding.
To relate cone and seed damage of stone pine to WCSB feeding, one exposure and exclusion trial of cones to the feeding of the natural WCSB population was carried out. To determine the seasonality of cone and seed damage caused by this pest, another trial consisting of bagging cones with insects was performed with first‐, second‐ and third‐year cones at different stages of cone development.
The natural WCSB population was associated with cone abortion in second‐year cones (unprotected: 43.6% vs. protected: 2.7%), a decreased number of seeds per cone (82.0 vs. 105.3), kernel yield (1.8% vs. 3.8%) and proportion of sound kernels (35.6% vs. 73.6%), and numerous types of kernel damage.
Cone mortality in first‐ and third‐year cones bagged with insects decreased as the bagging date advanced. A temporal sequence of kernel damage in third‐year cones (aborted, dry embryo without endosperm, and totally or partially damaged endosperm) was reported for seed development and the timing of WCSB feeding.
Our findings may be useful in the management of WCSB populations to prevent significant damage to the stone pine nut crop.
Effect of medium cut‐off and high‐flux hemodialysis membranes on blood pressure assessed by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring
Authors: Silva Monique Vércia Rocha , Carvalho Aluízio Barbosa , Manfredi Silvia Regina , Cassiolato José Luiz , Canziani Maria Eugênia Fernandes 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundHypertension is one of the most critical risk factors for cardiovascular disease, which is the leading cause of death in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Medium cut‐off (MCO) membrane increases the clearance of medium molecules, which could improve blood pressure (BP) control. This study aimed to compare the effect of MCO and high‐flux hemodialysis membranes on BP assessed by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM).MethodsThis is a pre‐established secondary analysis of a 28‐week, randomized, open‐label crossover clinical trial. Patients were randomized to HD with MCO or high‐flux membranes over 12 weeks, followed by a 4‐week washout period, and then switched to the alternate membrane treatment for 12 weeks. ABPM was started before the HD session and ended at least 24 h later in weeks 1, 12, 16, and 28.Results32 patients, 59% male, with a mean age of 52.7 years, and 40% with unknown CKD etiology, were enrolled. The dialysis vintage was 8 years, and more than 70% of the patients had hypertension. Regarding 24‐h BP control, morning diastolic BP showed an increase in the high‐flux compared to stability in the MCO group (interaction effect,p = 0.039). The adjusted ANOVA models showed no significant difference in the morning BP levels between the groups. Considering only the period of the HD session, patients in the MCO, compared to those in the high‐flux membrane group, showed greater BP stability during dialysis, characterized by smaller variation in the pre‐post HD systolic and minimum systolic BP (treatment effect,p = 0.039, andp = 0.023, respectively).ConclusionsMCO membrane seems to have a beneficial effect on morning BP and favors better BP stability during HD sessions.
Sample size determination for interval estimation of the prevalence of a sensitive attribute under non‐randomized response models
Authors: Qiu Shi‐Fang , Lei Jie , Poon Wai‐Yin , Tang Man‐Lai , Wong Ricky S. , Tao Ji‐Ran 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA sufficient number of participants should be included to adequately address the research interest in the surveys with sensitive questions. In this paper, sample size formulas/iterative algorithms are developed from the perspective of controlling the confidence interval width of the prevalence of a sensitive attribute under four non‐randomized response models: the crosswise model, parallel model, Poisson item count technique model and negative binomial item count technique model. In contrast to the conventional approach for sample size determination, our sample size formulas/algorithms explicitly incorporate an assurance probability of controlling the width of a confidence interval within the pre‐specified range. The performance of the proposed methods is evaluated with respect to the empirical coverage probability, empirical assurance probability and confidence width. Simulation results show that all formulas/algorithms are effective and hence are recommended for practical applications. A real example is used to illustrate the proposed methods.
Obesity and risk of depressive disorder in children and adolescents: A meta‐analysis of observational studies
Authors: Chen Yaobing , Zhang Jinli , Yuan Lijun , Hu Huifang , Li Tianze , Zhao Yang , Wu Yuying , Wang Mengmeng , Huo Weifeng , Gao Yajuan , Ke Yamin , Wang Longkang , Zhang Wenkai , Fu Xueru , Li Xi , Hu Fulan , Zhang Ming , Sun Liang , Hu Dongsheng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPurposeThis meta‐analysis evaluated the relationship between overweight/obesity and depressive disorders in children and adolescents.MethodsWe examined the databases of PubMed, Embase and Web of Science for pertinent observational studies released up until 20 February 2022. The pooled relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of obesity and overweight with depressive disorder were calculated by means of random‐effects models. The Newcastle‐Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale and Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality scale were adopted to evaluate the study quality.ResultsFinally, for this meta‐analysis, we evaluated 22 observational publications covering 175 135 participants (5 cohort study articles, 1 case–control study article and 16 cross‐sectional study articles). A significant positive association was found between obesity and the risk of depression (RR 1.32, 95% CI 1.09–1.60, I2 = 79.90%, Pheterogeneity < 0.001) and in the association between obesity and depressive symptoms (RR 1.16, 95% CI: 1.00–1.35, I2 = 25.0%, Pheterogeneity = 0.247). On sensitivity analysis, the pooled RRs remained robust. Subgroup analysis indicated that obese children and teenagers in western countries were more prone to depression.ConclusionEvidence from this meta‐analysis, based on observational studies, supported the idea that obese children and adolescents are more likely to experience depression and depressive symptoms.
Wincladtree: Publication‐quality tree‐diagrams with TNT scripts
Authors: Goloboff Pablo A. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis note describes the implementation and use of wincladtree, a TNT script to plot publication‐quality tree‐diagrams. This is intended to assist analysis of morphological datasets, where displaying the synapomorphies for the different groups in a compact “Hennigian” style is the norm.
Associations of a proinflammatory diet, habitual salt intake, and the onset of type 2 diabetes: A prospective cohort study from the UK Biobank
Authors: Shen Wenqi , Cai Lingli , Wang Bin , Li Jiang , Sun Ying , Chen Yi , Xia Fangzhen , Wang Ningjian , Lu Yingli 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimTo explore the relationship between proinflammatory diet, habitual salt intake and the onset of type 2 diabetes.MethodsThis prospective study was conducted among 171 094 UK Biobank participants who completed at least one 24‐h dietary questionnaire and were free of diabetes at baseline. Participants were followed up until 1 March 2023 for type 2 diabetes incidence, with diagnosis information obtained from linked medical records. An Energy‐adjusted Diet Inflammatory Index (E‐DII) was calculated based on 28 food parameters. Habitual salt intake was determined through the self‐reported frequency of adding salt to foods. The associations between E‐DII, habitual salt intake and type 2 diabetes incidence were tested by the Cox proportional hazard regression model.ResultsOver a median follow‐up period of 13.5 years, 6216 cases of type 2 diabetes were documented. Compared with participants with a low E‐DII (indicative of an anti‐inflammatory diet), participants with a high E‐DII (indicative of a proinflammatory diet) had an 18% heightened risk of developing type 2 diabetes. The association between E‐DII and type 2 diabetes tends to be linear after adjustment for major confounders. Participants with a proinflammatory diet and always adding salt to foods had the highest risk of type 2 diabetes incidence (hazard ratio 1.60, 95% confidence interval 1.32‐1.94).ConclusionsOur findings indicate that a proinflammatory diet and higher habitual salt intake were associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. These results support the public health promotion of an anti‐inflammatory diet and reducing salt intake to prevent the onset of type 2 diabetes.
Intermediate conduction velocity in two cases of Charcot−Marie−Tooth disease type 1A
Authors: Tomaselli Pedro José , Blake Julian , Polke James M. , do Nascimento Osvaldo José Moreira , Reilly Mary M. , Marques Júnior Wilson , Laurá Matilde 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackground and purposeCharcot−Marie−Tooth disease type 1A (CMT1A) is the most prevalent hereditary neuropathy worldwide and classically has slow nerve conduction velocity (NCV), in most cases below 38 m/s. Two unrelated patients with motor NCVs in the upper limbs above 38 m/s are reported.MethodCase report.ResultsTwo genetically confirmed CMT1A patients are presented, from two unrelated families (one of British origin and the other of Brazilian origin). Both individuals had upper limb motor NCVs above 38 m/s, with values ranging from 41.9 to 45 m/s in the median nerve and from 42 to 42.3 m/s in the ulnar nerve. They presented with a very mild phenotype, with CMT Neuropathy Score version 2 (CMTNSv2) of 6 and 5, respectively. In contrast, affected family members within both kinships exhibited a classical phenotype with more severe disease manifestation (CMTNSv2 ranging from 12 to 20) and motor NCVs below 30 m/s.ConclusionThese cases, although very rare, highlight the importance of testing PMP22 duplication in patients with intermediate conduction velocities.
Enhancing COVID‐19 misinformation detection through novel attention mechanisms in NLP
Authors: Hussain Anbar , Ali Wajid , Ahmad Awais , Iqbal Muhammad Shahid , Moqurrab Syed Atif , Paul Anand , Jabbar Sohail , Akram Sheeraz 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe rapid evolution of electronic media in recent decades has exponentially amplified the propagation of fake news, resulting in widespread confusion and misunderstanding among the masses, especially concerning critical topics like the COVID‐19 pandemic. Consequently, detecting fake news on social media has emerged as a prominent area of research, attracting significant attention. This article introduces a novel cascaded group multi‐head attention (CGMHA) model for COVID‐19 fake news detection. Our research collected Twitter datasets with accurate and fake tweets in Urdu. The novel CGMHA model and depth‐wise convolution capture local and global contextual information by employing multiple attention heads in a cascaded fashion, enabling a comprehensive understanding of fake news. While achieving state‐of‐the‐art performance, we also highlight challenges such as language variations and misinformation nuances in the detection process, contributing to a more comprehensive understanding of the complexities involved in combatting fake news. Our proposed model surpasses the performance of state‐of‐the‐art models in classifying fake news and achieves accuracy, F1 score, precision, and recall of 0.98, 0.96, 0.95, and 0.95, respectively.
Restrospective reappraisal of the prognostic classification of spitzoid melanocytic neoplasms after BRAF and NRAS mutation characterisation: a single institution experience
Authors: Moysset Irene , Castrejon Natalia , Garcia‐Herrera Adriana , Castillo Paola , Marginet Marta , Teixido Cristina , Podlipnik Sebastian , Albero‐Gonzalez Raquel , Montironi Carla , Navarro Judit , Rovira Carlota , Puig Susana , Carrera Cristina , Alos Llucia 
Published: February 2024

AimsThe current WHO classification of melanocytic tumours excludes neoplasms showing BRAF or NRAS mutations from the Spitz category. This study aimed to review and reclassify atypical melanocytic tumours with spitzoid morphological features diagnosed between 2009 and 2021 in our hospital after expanding the molecular profile, including BRAF and NRAS mutations in all cases.Methods and resultsA total of 71 neoplasms showing spitzoid features (Spitz‐like) and atypia were included. The risk of progression of tumours was first studied by integrating the morphology, immunohistochemistry (p16, Ki67, HMB45 and PRAME) and fluorescence in‐situ hybridisation (FISH) results (melanoma multiprobe and 9p21). In a second step, after expanding the molecular study, including BRAF and NRAS mutational status, the neoplasms were finally classified into four subgroups: atypical Spitz tumour (AST, n = 45); BRAF‐mutated naevus/low‐grade melanocytoma with spitzoid morphology (BAMS, n = 2); Spitz melanoma (SM, n = 14); and BRAF or NRAS mutated melanoma with spitzoid features (MSF, n = 10). Follow‐up of patients revealed uneventful results for AST and BAMS. Only one SM presented lymph node metastasis after 134 months. Conversely, patients with MSF showed an unfavourable outcome: three developed lymph node metastases after a mean time of 22 months, with one patient presenting distant metastasis and dying of the disease 64 months from diagnosis. The progression‐free survival showed significant differences between the four groups of spitzoid tumours (P < 0.001) and between both melanoma subtypes (P = 0.012).ConclusionsThe classification and prognostication of atypical neoplasms with spitzoid features requires the integration of histomorphology with the molecular investigation of tumours, which should include BRAF and NRAS mutational status.