bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Salamanders aid research into mechanisms of non‐canonical organ regeneration for clinical applications
Authors: Yin Binxu , Cui Xiao , Liu Yanmei , Fei Ji‐Feng 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSalamanders possess remarkable regenerative capacities for organ regeneration among tetrapod vertebrates. Previous research has primarily focused on studying the regeneration of canonical tissues or organs such as limbs, tail, brain, spinal cord, heart, and lens. The advancements made in these areas have broader implications for understanding regeneration and developing therapeutic approaches for these organs, not only in salamanders but also in other vertebrates. In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in studying the regeneration of non‐canonical organs in salamanders, such as the liver, lungs, kidneys, and pancreas. This diversification of research has opened up new avenues and provided potential solutions to challenging clinical problems. This review aims to summarize the progress made in the field of non‐canonical organ regeneration in salamanders and provides an outlook on future research directions.
Motion‐compensated diffusion encoding in multi‐shot human brain acquisitions: Insights using high‐performance gradients
Authors: Michael Eric Seth , Hennel Franciszek , Pruessmann Klaas Paul 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the utility of up to second‐order motion‐compensated diffusion encoding in multi‐shot human brain acquisitions.MethodsExperiments were performed with high‐performance gradients using three forms of diffusion encoding motion‐compensated through different orders: conventional zeroth‐order–compensated pulsed gradients (PG), first‐order–compensated gradients (MC1), and second‐order–compensated gradients (MC2). Single‐shot acquisitions were conducted to correlate the order of motion compensation with resultant phase variability. Then, multi‐shot acquisitions were performed at varying interleaving factors. Multi‐shot images were reconstructed using three levels of shot‐to‐shot phase correction: no correction, channel‐wise phase correction based on FID navigation, and correction based on explicit phase mapping (MUSE).ResultsIn single‐shot acquisitions, MC2 diffusion encoding most effectively suppressed phase variability and sensitivity to brain pulsation, yielding residual variations of about 10° and of low spatial order. Consequently, multi‐shot MC2 images were largely satisfactory without phase correction and consistently improved with the navigator correction, which yielded repeatable high‐quality images; contrarily, PG and MC1 images were inadequately corrected using the navigator approach. With respect to MUSE reconstructions, the MC2 navigator‐corrected images were in close agreement for a standard interleaving factor and considerably more reliable for higher interleaving factors, for which MUSE images were corrupted. Finally, owing to the advanced gradient hardware, the relative SNR penalty of motion‐compensated diffusion sensitization was substantially more tolerable than that faced previously.ConclusionSecond‐order motion‐compensated diffusion encoding mitigates and simplifies shot‐to‐shot phase variability in the human brain, rendering the multi‐shot acquisition strategy an effective means to circumvent limitations of retrospective phase correction methods.
GPU‐accelerated Bloch simulations and MR‐STAT reconstructions using the Julia programming language
Authors: van der Heide Oscar , van den Berg Cornelis A. T. , Sbrizzi Alessandro 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPurposeMR‐STAT is a relatively new multiparametric quantitative MRI technique in which quantitative paramater maps are obtained by solving a large‐scale nonlinear optimization problem. Managing reconstruction times is one of the main challenges of MR‐STAT. In this work we leverage GPU hardware to reduce MR‐STAT reconstruction times. A highly optimized, GPU‐compatible Bloch simulation toolbox is developed as part of this work that can be utilized for other quantitative MRI techniques as well.MethodsThe Julia programming language was used to develop a flexible yet highly performant and GPU‐compatible Bloch simulation toolbox called BlochSimulators.jl. The runtime performance of the toolbox is benchmarked against other Bloch simulation toolboxes. Furthermore, a (partially matrix‐free) modification of a previously presented (matrix‐free) MR‐STAT reconstruction algorithm is proposed and implemented using the Julia language on GPU hardware. The proposed algorithm is combined with BlochSimulators.jl and the resulting MR‐STAT reconstruction times on GPU hardware are compared to previously presented MR‐STAT reconstruction times.ResultsThe BlochSimulators.jl package demonstrates superior runtime performance on both CPU and GPU hardware when compared to other existing Bloch simulation toolboxes. The GPU‐accelerated partially matrix‐free MR‐STAT reconstruction algorithm, which relies on BlochSimulators.jl, allows for reconstructions of 68 seconds per two‐dimensional (2D slice).ConclusionBy combining the proposed Bloch simulation toolbox and the partially matrix‐free reconstruction algorithm, 2D MR‐STAT reconstructions can be performed in the order of one minute on a modern GPU card. The Bloch simulation toolbox can be utilized for other quantitative MRI techniques as well, for example for online dictionary generation for MR Fingerprinting.
Tribo‐performance assessment of brake friction composites prepared from agro‐industrial‐sea wastes using pin‐on‐disc
Authors: Pandita Nikhil , Dhull Upender , Nain Sunil , Ahlawat Vishal 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this work, eco‐friendly brake friction composites were developed using walnut shell powder‐fly ash‐white ark shell powder (agro‐industrial‐sea waste). The waste materials content in the friction composites varied from 33 to 53 wt% including a fixed content of fly ash (30 wt%) and walnut shell powder (3 wt%) and a varying amount of white ark shell powder (WASP) from 0 to 20 wt% with a step of 5 wt%. The fabricated specimens were characterized for tribo‐performance and compared with commercial brake lining specimen (CBLS) in compliance with ASTM G99 standards using pin‐on‐disc test setup under dry conditions. The specimens were tested for the disc speed varying from 500 to 2000 rpm under 50 and 150 N of normal loads. The friction coefficients and volume loss of the fabricated specimens were found insensitive to the compositional changes and highly sensitive to the normal load and disc speeds. SEM‐EDS analysis showed the frequent formation of friction films at higher disc speed and integration and disintegration of contact plateaus responsible for the changes in the friction and wear behavior. The direct comparison between the friction coefficient and volume loss indicated that 10 wt% of WASP in compensation with BaSO4 may be used to develop the brake friction composite.Highlights
Brake friction composites prepared from the waste materials offered μ‐values from 0.31 to 0.6 in comparison with the CBLS.
Friction coefficient dropped significantly at higher disc speed.
Morphological and elemental analysis supported in estimating the probable friction and wear mechanisms.
Investigation of Rosa species by an optimized LC‐QTOF‐MS/MS method using targeted and non‐targeted screening strategies combined with multivariate chemometrics
Authors: Mitsikaris Petros D. , Kostas Stefanos , Mourtzinos Ioannis , Menkissoglu‐Spiroudi Urania , Papadopoulos Athanasios , Kalogiouri Natasa P. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntroductionPlants of the Rosa genus are renowned for their pronounced and pleasant aroma and colors.ObjectiveThe aim of this work was to develop a novel liquid chromatographic triple quadrupole time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometric (LC‐QTOF‐MS/MS) method for the investigation of the bioactive fingerprint of petals of different genotypes belonging to Rosa damascena and Rosa centifolia species.MethodologyCentral composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM) was used for the optimization of the LC‐QTOF‐MS/MS method. The method was validated and target, suspect, and non‐target screening workflows were applied. Statistical analysis and chemometric tools were utilized to explore the metabolic fingerprint of the Rosa species.ResultsRSM revealed that the optimal extraction parameters involved mixing 11 mg of sample with 1 mL of MeOH:H2O (70:30, v/v). Target analysis confirmed the presence of 11 analytes, all of which demonstrated low limits of quantification (LOQs; as low as 0.048 ng mg−1) and sufficient recoveries (RE: 85%–107%). In total, 28 compounds were tentatively identified through suspect analysis. Non‐target analysis enabled the generation of robust OPLS‐DA and HCA models that classified the samples according to their species with 100% accuracy.ConclusionsA novel LC‐QTOF‐MS/MS method was developed and applied in the analysis of 47 R. centifolia and R. damascena flowers belonging to different genotypes.
Experimental and numerical study on flow characteristics of dual‐cavity die based on multi‐objective optimization
Authors: Han Jie , Gong Xiaosong , Du Xiaozhong , Zhang Zhong , Cui Sheng 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSlot die coating is a common method of manufacturing electrodes for lithium‐ion batteries. In this paper, a multi‐objective optimization research on the geometry of dual‐cavity die is investigated based on the numerical simulation of lithium battery anode slurry flow combined with the surface response optimization method. First, we use the Plackett–Burman test method to screen the geometric parameters significantly affecting the optimization objective. Then, based on the Box–Behnken response surface analysis method, we determine the optimal combination of parameters. The results show that the inner cavity radius and slot gap are the main structural variables affecting exit‐velocity uniformity and die deformation. The slot gap and slot length mainly affect the inlet pressure. The coefficient of deviation of exit velocity uniformity and average inlet pressure of the optimized die structure decreased by 51.3% and 7.6%, respectively. This research provides theoretical guidance for the design of slot coating dies.Highlights
Screening significant geometric parameters using Plackett–Burman test methodology.
Box–Behnken response surface analysis to determine optimal parameters.
Velocity uniformity and inlet pressure increased by 51.3% and 7.6%, respectively.
Single Atom Catalyst in Persulfate Oxidation Reaction: From Atom Species to Substance
Authors: Zhou Daixi , Li Zhi , Hu Xinjiang , Chen Li , Zhu Mingshan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWith maximum utilization of active metal sites, more and more researchers have reported using single atom catalysts (SACs) to activate persulfate (PS) for organic pollutants removal. In SACs, single metal atoms (Fe, Co, Cu, Mn, etc.) and different substrates (porous carbon, biochar, graphene oxide, carbon nitride, MOF, MoS2, and others) are the basic structural. Metal single atoms, substances, and connected chemical bonds all have a great influence on the electronic structures that directly affect the activation process of PS and degradation efficiency to organic pollutants. However, there are few relevant reviews about the interaction between metal single atoms and substances during PS activation process. In this review, the SACs with different metal species and substrates are summarized to investigate the metal−support interaction and evaluate their effects on PS oxidation reaction process. Furthermore, how metal atoms and substrates affect the reactive species and degradation pathways are also discussed. Finally, the challenges and prospects of SACs in PS‐AOPs are proposed.
Establishing Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation (QCM‐D) Coupled with Spectroscopic Ellipsometry (SE) as an Advantageous Technique for the Characterization of Ultra‐Thin Film Hydrogels
Authors: Sans Jordi , Azevedo Gonçalves Ingrid , Quintana Robert 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDespite the considerable significance of utilizing ultra‐thin film (utf) hydrogels as multipurpose platforms for biomedical applications, there is still an important lack of adequate characterization techniques suitable for such materials. In this Perspective, the use of quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM‐D) coupled with spectral ellipsometry (SE) is presented as a potential tool for the complete characterization of utf‐hydrogels due to its nanometric sensitivity and high versatility. Herein, the fundaments for utf‐hydrogel characterization are settled down as far as the QCM‐D/SE response is explored under a wide range of different in operando wet working conditions measurements such as temperature or liquid media, among others. Therefore, the design of measuring protocols capable to perform is proposed and compiled, for the first time, complete and precise characterization of the cross‐link density, thickness variations (swelling ratio determination), stability analyses, and mechanical studies (including the simultaneous generation of stress‐strain curves and the evaluation of the viscoelastic; leading to the final determination of the Poisson's ratio) under different in operando conditions. Finally, the future challenges and implications for the general characterization of soft‐thin films are discussed.
D–A Conjugated Polymer/CdS S‐Scheme Heterojunction with Enhanced Interfacial Charge Transfer for Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Generation
Authors: Li Yaqi , Wan Sijie , Liang Weichen , Cheng Bei , Wang Wang , Xiang Yao , Yu Jiaguo , Cao Shaowen 
Published: March 2024

AbstractOwing to the improved charge separation and maximized redox capability of the system, Step‐scheme (S‐scheme) heterojunctions have garnered significant research attention for efficient photocatalysis of H2 evolution. In this work, an innovative linear donor–acceptor (D–A) conjugated polymer fluorene‐alt‐(benzo‐thiophene‐dione) (PFBTD) is coupled with the CdS nanosheets, forming the organic–inorganic S‐scheme heterojunction. The CdS/PFBTD (CP) composite exhibits an impressed hydrogen production rate of 7.62 mmol g−1 h−1 without any co‐catalysts, which is ≈14 times higher than pristine CdS. It is revealed that the outstanding photocatalytic performance is attributed to the formation of rapid electron transfer channels through the interfacial Cd─O bonding as evidenced by the density functional theory (DFT) calculations and in situ X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. The charge transfer mechanism involved in S‐scheme heterojunctions is further investigated through the photo‐irradiated Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) analysis. This work provides a new point of view on the mechanism of interfacial charge transfer and points out the direction of designing superior organic–inorganic S‐scheme heterojunction photocatalysts.
A new Spathiphyllum (Araceae) from Mexico segregated by its morphology and floral scent from closely related species
Authors: Jiménez Pedro Díaz , Dötterl Stefan , Fuchs Roman , Pérez‐Farrera Miguel Ángel , Aguilar‐Rodríguez Pedro A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSpathiphyllum is a mostly Neotropical genus of the Araceae plant family. Many species have a long flowering period and emit a strong, pleasant, and species‐specific floral scent. In Mexico, Spathiphyllum is represented by 14 species, 9 of which are endemic. Here, we describe the morphology, floral scent composition, and flowering phenology of a hitherto unknown species, S. hentrichianum sp. nov. This species is characterized by having a petiole not sheathed to the geniculum, leaf blades with less than 25 primary lateral veins per side, 1–2 ovules per locule, and 3–5 ovules per ovary. The strong scent consists of various terpenes and aromatic compounds, mainly (E,E)‐α‐Farnesene, (E)‐Cinnamyl acetate and (E)‐Cinnamyl alcohol. The new species is morphologically similar to S. cochlearispathum, but the latter differs in having a petiole sheathed to the geniculum, leaf blades with up to 31 primary lateral veins per side, 2–6 ovules per locule and 6–16 ovules per ovary, and the floral scent is also different between both species. In S. cochlearispathum, the scent is dominated by aromatic compounds, one terpene and one nitrogen‐containing compound, such as Methyl salicylate, Methyl p‐anisate, Methyl (E)‐cinnamate, (R)‐Linalool and 2‐Phenylacetonitrile. The flowering cycle of an inflorescence in S. hentrichianum lasted between 25 and 29 days. We suggest that detailed volatile organic compounds in the floral scent could be useful when defining a new taxon, especially among cryptic and sympatric aroid species.
Polystyrene microplastic‐induced endoplasmic reticulum stress contributes to growth plate endochondral ossification disorder in young rat
Authors: Zhang Qingqing , Lang Yuanyuan , Tang Xiaomin , Cheng Wenshu , Cheng Zugen , Rizwan Mohammad , Xie Lixin , Liu Yanling , Xu Hengyi , Liu Yang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies on the effects of microplastics (MPs) on bone in early development are limited. This study aimed to investigate the adverse effects of MPs on bone in young rats and the potential mechanism.MethodsThree‐week‐old female rats were orally administered MPs for 28 days, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor salubrinal (SAL) and ER stress agonist tunicamycin (TM) were added to evaluate the effect of ER stress on toxicity of MPs. The indicators of growth and plasma markers of bone turnover were evaluated. Tibias were analyzed using micro‐computed tomography (micro‐CT). Histomorphological staining of growth plates was performed, and related gene expression of growth plate chondrocytes was tested.ResultsAfter exposure of MPs, the rats had decreased growth, shortened tibial length, and altered blood calcium and phosphorus metabolism. Trabecular bone was sparse according to micro‐CT inspection. In the growth plate, the thickness of proliferative zone substantial reduced while the thickness of hypertrophic zone increased significantly, and the chondrocytes were scarce and irregularly arranged according to tibial histological staining. The transcription of the ER stress‐related genes BIP, PERK, ATF4, and CHOP dramatically increased, and the transcription factors involved in chondrocyte proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and matrix secretion were aberrant according to RT‐qPCR and western blotting. Moreover, the addition of TM showed higher percentage of chondrocyte death. Administration of SAL alleviated all of the MPs‐induced symptoms.ConclusionThese results indicated that MPs could induce growth retardation and longitudinal bone damage in early development. The toxicity of MPs may attribute to induced ER stress and impaired essential processes of the endochondral ossification after MPs exposure.
Dental disease in companion rabbits under UK primary veterinary care: Frequency and risk factors
Authors: Jackson Maria A. , Burn Charlotte C. , Hedley Joanna , Brodbelt Dave C. , O'Neill Dan G. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundSome prior evidence has suggested that lop‐eared rabbits and those with brachycephalic skull conformations have a higher dental disease risk. This retrospective cohort study reports the frequency and conformational risk factors for primary‐care veterinary diagnosis with dental disease in companion rabbits in the UK.MethodsAnonymised VetCompass clinical records were manually reviewed to confirm dental disease cases. Risk factor analysis used multivariable binary logistic regression modelling.ResultsFrom 161,979 rabbits under primary veterinary care in 2019, the 1‐year period prevalence of overall dental disease was 15.36% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 14.78–15.96). The prevalence of dental disease affecting incisors was 3.14% (95% CI: 2.87–3.44), and for cheek teeth it was 13.72% (95% CI: 13.17–14.29). Neither lop‐eared conformation nor brachycephalic skull conformation was significantly associated with increased odds of dental disease. Dental disease odds increased as age increased and decreased as bodyweight increased.LimitationsThis study retrospectively accessed clinical records, so breed names may sometimes be imprecise.ConclusionThe high overall prevalence of dental disease represents a major welfare concern for all companion rabbits, regardless of conformation. This information can be used to encourage regular routine dental assessment of rabbits of all conformations to promote earlier diagnosis, paying particular attention to older rabbits and those with low bodyweight.
Oesophageal obstruction by trichobezoars in rescued jungle cat (Felis chaus)
Authors: Karki Bikalpa , Lamichhane Babu Ram , Mishra Rama , Sadaula Amir , Rijal Kiran Raj , Shah Rachana , Silwal Pradeepa 
Published: March 2024

AbstractOesophageal obstruction due to hairballs in cats is very rare. Excessive grooming behaviour in cats due to skin infection can lead to impaction in the digestive tract, resulting in deprivation of food and water and ultimately death. This report described a case of a rescued jungle cat showing signs of marked dehydration after death. On postmortem examination, a blockade of hairballs was observed in the oesophagus. Further examination of hair revealed that the hair was from the same species, not the prey species. This suggests that the over‐grooming behaviour of cats can lead to the over‐ingestion of hair, which might cause a blockage in the digestive tract, leading to death. The rescue centres should be well aware and prepared to diagnose such problems and manage the case accordingly for effective treatment of rescued animals.
Lumbar spinal arachnoid diverticulum in a cat
Authors: Sarpekidou Eirini , Angelou Vasileia , Marouda Christina , Panopoulos Ioannis , Kazakos George 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA 5‐year‐old, domestic, shorthair, male, neutered cat was referred to the Companion Animal Clinic with a history of paraparesis and urinary incontinence, alongside recurrent urinary tract infections. Magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar vertebral column revealed a space‐occupying spinal cyst‐like lesion located at the level of fifth and sixth lumbar vertebrae. Surgical treatment consisted of dorsal laminectomy and durectomy, resulting in decompression. Histopathology findings were indicative of spinal arachnoid diverticulum. Postoperatively, the cat exhibited gradual hindlimb and tail motor improvement, and recovery of voluntary urination. Complete resolution of the neurological signs was achieved at 3 months after surgery. No signs of recurrence were noted till the time of writing this report, 14 months postoperatively. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first case report of a spinal arachnoid diverticulum in the lumbosacral vertebral column in a cat.