bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ecological modernization as a paradigm of corporate sustainability
Authors: Pataki György 
Published: March 2009

AbstractEcological modernization as a social theory is gaining more and more attention in environmental social science in general and environmental management studies in particular. Ecological modernization carries a positive message of the current institutional order being able to accommodate the challenge of ecological sustainability. This paper, by applying a critical organization studies perspective, highlights some of the theoretical shortcomings of the theory of ecological modernization assessed at the micro level of business firms. A case study of a Hungarian chemical firm is presented in order to point to the practical limits of ecological modernization as an uncontested, conflict‐free way towards sustainability. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Making actors, paradigms and ideologies visible in governance for sustainability
Authors: Söderbaum Peter 
Published: March 2009

AbstractResearch and teaching activities in economics and business management are specific not only in scientific terms but also in ideological terms. This political aspect has to be discussed openly. As an example, our interpretations of sustainable development (SD) and corporate social responsibility (CSR) are closely related to our ideological orientations.In considering more radical changes towards SD, the three levels of theory of science, paradigms in economics and ideological orientation have to be involved. Positivism, neoclassical economics and neo‐liberalism support the present institutional framework and globalization trend. Alternative perspectives at all three levels may open the door for a different set of institutions.While all these perspectives are essential, paradigms in economics appear to play a central role. Alternatives to economic man, profit‐maximizing firms and markets understood in terms of supply and demand are proposed. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Form or substance: the role of business plans in venture capital decision making
Authors: Kirsch David , Goldfarb Brent , Gera Azi 
Published: March 2009

AbstractWe explore a well‐known instance of fast decision making under high uncertainty, venture capital (VC) opportunity screening. We analyze a sample of 722 funding requests submitted to an American VC firm and evaluate the influence of the form of the submission and content of business planning documents on VC funding decisions. We improve on prior literature by a) using a large sample of known representativeness, b) relating request characteristics to actual VC decisions, and c) developing an inferential logic that takes account of the multiple sources of information to which VCs have access. We find that the presence of planning documents and some information contained therein are weakly associated with VC funding decisions. Based on our inferential strategy, we find that this information is learned independently of its inclusion in the business planning documents. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Managing knowledge in foreign entry strategies: a resource‐based analysis
Authors: Meyer Klaus E. , Wright Mike , Pruthi Sarika 
Published: March 2009

AbstractInternational strategies vary in their potential to exploit and augment a firm's resources, especially its knowledge base. Resource‐based analysis suggests clustering the diverse entry modes in terms of their exploitation and augmentation characteristics. We thus introduce a new categorization of entry modes based on their potential to augment the resources of an entrant. We then explore the antecedents of these modes, and advance testable propositions delimiting for which firms and in which circumstances each mode maximizes long‐term value creation. Finally, we outline how our resource‐based framework complements transaction‐cost‐based frameworks. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
In vitro Toxicity Testing of Nanoparticles in 3D Cell Culture
Authors: Lee Jungwoo , Lilly G. Daniel , Doty R. Christopher , Podsiadlo Paul , Kotov Nicholas A. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractCommon 2D cell cultures do not adequately represent the functions of 3D tissues that have extensive cell–cell and cell–matrix interactions, as well as markedly different diffusion/transport conditions. Hence, testing cytotoxicity in 2D cultures may not accurately reflect the actual toxicity of nanoparticles (NPs) and other nanostructures in the body. To obtain more adequate and detailed information about NP–tissue interactions, we here introduce a 3D‐spheroid‐culture‐based NP toxicology testing system. Hydrogel inverted colloidal crystal (ICC) scaffolds are used to create a physiologically relevant and standardized 3D liver tissue spheroid model for in vitro assay application. Toxicity of CdTe and Au NPs are tested in both 2D and 3D spheroid cultures. The results reveal that NP toxic effects are significantly reduced in the spheroid culture when compared to the 2D culture data. Tissue‐like morphology and phenotypic change are identified to be the major factors in diminishing toxicity. Acting as an intermediate stage bridging in vitro 2D and in vivo, our in vitro 3D cell‐culture model would extend current cellular level cytotoxicity to the tissue level, thereby improving the predictive power of in vitro NP toxicology.
Gemeinsame Grundlagen von Methode 1 (wirksame Breiten) und Methode 2 (Beulspannungsbegrenzung) beim Plattenbeulnachweis nach Eurocode 3 – Teil 1‐5
Authors: Naumes Johannes , Feldmann Markus , Sedlacek Gerhard 
Published: March 2009

AbstractEs wird gezeigt, dass die beiden Methoden für den Plattenbeulnachweis im Eurocode 3 – Teil 1‐5, nämlich die Methode 1 mit wirksamen Breiten und die Methode 2 mit Spannungsbegrenzungen, eine gemeinsame Grundlagen haben.Diese Grundlage besteht in dem Modell bilinearer Spannungs‐Stauchungslinien mit “plastischen” Plateaus in Höhe der Beulspannungsbegrenzungen für jedes Beulfeld, die ähnlich wie bei der plastischen Bemessung von Hybridträgern über den Gesamtquerschnitt integriert die Gesamtquerschnittstragfähigkeit ergeben.Die Mobilisierung der höheren Tragfähigkeit von Beulfeldern über das Niveau des schwächsten Beulfeldes hinaus bedeutet auch, dass sich die Spannungsfelder Ed (σx, τ) in den schwächeren Beulfeldern, die ursprünglich elastisch gerechnet wurden, ändern müssen. Diese nderung wird berücksichtigt, indem der höhere Durchfluss von Schubspannungen durch eine Abnahme der Längsspannungen längs der Beulspannungsinteraktion ausgeglichen wird. Dieses Modell begründet auch die Querschnittsinteraktion beim Beulnachweis.Die Ausnutzbarkeit unterschiedlicher Tragfähigkeitsniveaus bei der Methode 2 macht es möglich, diese Methode sowohl für Gebrauchstauglichkeitsnachweise (ohne Inanspruchnahme der Plateaueigenschaften) als auch für Tragfähigkeitsnachweise (mit Inanspruchnahme der Plateaueigenschaften) einzusetzen.Die Methode 2 mit Inanspruchnahme von Plateaueigenschaften kann auch auf ausgesteifte Beulfelder erweitert werden. Obwohl dafür noch keine normative Regelung existiert, können Nachrechnungen von Beulfeldern verschiedener Brücken unter Berücksichtigung verschiedener Fließkurven zur Erfassung der zulässigen Größe der Fließzonen zeigen, dass die bisherige Konstruktionspraxis nach DASt‐Ri 012 durch die Methode 2 mit und ohne Berücksichtigung der Plateaueigenschaften gut wiedergegeben wird.
Numerische Analyse geschweißter Verbindungen von Duplexstahl und Quarzglas
Authors: Werner Frank , Göbel Michael , Hildebrand Jörg 
Published: March 2009

AbstractSchweißverbindungen sind ein wesentliches Element im konstruktiven Ingenieurwesen. Ausgehend von der Verbindung aus gebräuchlichen Baustählen ermöglicht die Weiterentwicklung der Schweißtechnologie auch Verbindungen aus modernen hochfesten Stählen und Glaswerkstoffen. Eine Untersuchung der Schweißverbindungen hinsichtlich der Trageigenschaften kann sowohl experimentell als auch numerisch mit den heutzutage verfügbaren Methoden erfolgen. Insbesondere bei der numerischen Analyse ist die Erfassung der nichtlinearen thermischen und mechanischen Eigenschaften der Werkstoffe wichtig, um eine realitätsnahe Bestimmung von Temperatur, Gefüge und Eigenspannung bei unterschiedlichen Verbindungsarten zu ermöglichen.Die Simulation einer mehrlagigen Schweißverbindung von Duplex‐Stahl zeigt, dass eine gezielte Wärmeführung beim MAG‐Schweißen durch Variation der Schweißparameter ein günstiges Verhältnis zwischen Ferrit und Austenit erreicht werden kann, um beispielsweise eine gute Korrosionsbeständigkeit auch in der Schweißnaht zu gewährleisten.Der Werkstoff Quarzglas lässt sich mittels CO2‐Laser im Allgemeinen als Stumpfnaht schweißen. Bei den Simulationen der Schweißverbindungen einer Platte und eines Rohres werden deutlich, dass eine Optimierung der Schweißtechnologie von Vorwärm‐ und Schweißlaserstrahl notwendig ist, um die thermische Belastung während des Schweißprozesses und Eigenspannungen in der Verbindung zu reduzieren. An der Professur Stahlbau der Bauhaus‐Universität Weimar sind numerische Simulationen von Schweißverbindungen aus Stahl‐ und Glaswerkstoffen ein aktueller Forschungsschwerpunkt.
Gestalten von Eisenbahnbrücken
Authors: Marx Steffen , Schlaich Jörg 
Published: March 2009

AbstractEisenbahnbrücken sind bezüglich ihrer Anforderungen an die Tragfähigkeit, Dauerhaftigkeit und Gebrauchstauglichkeit wahrhaft Hochleistungstragwerke. Diese Bedingungen, gepaart mit zusätzlichen Besonderheiten hinsichtlich der Bautechnologie und der Erneuerbarkeit unter dem rollenden Verkehr haben in den letzten Jahrzehnten dazu geführt, dass die angemessene Gestaltung der Brücken sehr stark in den Hintergrund geraten ist. Dabei prägen gerade die Brückenbauwerke in ganz besonderem Maße die Baukultur in unserem Land, weil sie von so vielen Menschen täglich benutzt und selbstverständlich wahrgenommen werden.Höchste Zeit also, den Fokus auf eine gute Gestaltung der Eisenbahnbrücken zu legen und deren Integration in ihre Umgebung signifikant zu verbessern. Dass dabei die Funktionalität, Dauerhaftigkeit und sogar die Kostenseite nicht negativ beeinflusst werden, ist ein wesentliches Ziel des vor zwei Jahren gegründeten Brückenbeirats der DB AG.
Bewertung einer alten genieteten Stahlbrücke – Die Bösebrücke in Berlin
Authors: Klähne Thomas 
Published: March 2009

AbstractEs wird über die statische Nachrechnung der 1912 bis 1916 errichteten Bösebrücke in Berlin berichtet. Es handelt sich um eine dreifeldrige Fachwerkbogenbrücke mit der Besonderheit eines verwendeten Nickelstahls im Mittelfeld. Für Haupttragwerk, Fachwerkknoten und Fahrbahnplatte wurden verschiedene Modelle abgebildet, die Nachweisführung erfolgte mit dem semiprobabilistischen Konzept. Im Ergebnis konnte das Bauwerk in die Brückenklasse 30‐30 nach DIN 1072 eingeordnet werden. Abschließend wird die Ermittlung der Restlebensdauer auf der Grundlage des Wöhler linienkonzeptes dargestellt.
Leukocyte perturbation associated with Fabry disease
Authors: Rozenfeld P. , Agriello E. , De Francesco N. , Martinez P. , Fossati C. 
Published: March 2009

SummaryFabry disease is an X‐linked lysosomal storage disorder of glycosphingolipid catabolism due to the deficient activity of the enzyme alpha‐galactosidase A. The non‐degraded substrate, mainly globotriaosylceramide (Galα1‐4Galβ1‐4Glcβ1‐1Cer; Gb3) accumulates progressively in the lysosome of various cells. The aim of this work was to analyse changes in leukocyte subpopulations and surface markers and to determine whether Gb3 is increased in leukocytes of patients with untreated and treated Fabry disease. Blood samples obtained from 22 male Fabry patients (11 untreated and 11 on enzyme replacement therapy) and 22 normal controls were subjected to flow cytometric analysis of Gb3 intracellular content, leukocyte subpopulations and cell markers. Based on the fluorescence intensity of bound monoclonal antibody, and relative to normal control leukocytes, Gb3 appeared significantly increased in lymphocytes (but not in monocytes or granulocytes) from patients with Fabry disease. A significantly higher percentage of lymphocytes and CD19+ cells and a reduced proportion of monocytes, CD8+ cells and myeloid dendritic cells were detected in samples from Fabry patients compared with normal controls. CD1d expression was significantly lower and MHC class II surface expression was significantly higher in monocytes from Fabry patients than in normal controls. As previously observed for other adhesion molecules, the expression of CD31 (PECAM) was higher in leukocytes from Fabry patients. In conclusion, the differences recorded in this study reveal a leukocyte perturbation associated with the disease state in Fabry patients, whereas some abnormalities are less marked in treated patients.
Pancreatic Cancer Surveillance Among High‐Risk Populations: Knowledge and Intent
Authors: Lewis Zoe K. , Frost Caren J. , Venne Vickie L. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractPancreatic cancer is the fourth most common cancer in both men and women in the United States. It has the lowest survival rate of all cancers, largely due to the presence of non‐specific symptoms, leading to diagnosis at advanced stages. While the majority of cases of pancreatic cancer are sporadic, up to 10% may be associated with an inherited predisposition. Currently, there is no standard screening protocol for pancreatic cancer, although this will change in the future as technology improves. Additionally, there is little information regarding the perceptions and intent to screen for pancreatic cancer among those with an increased risk due to a hereditary cancer predisposition syndrome, which was the objective of this study. Focus groups and individual telephone interviews were conducted, with questions focused on knowledge about pancreatic cancer and screening, perceived motivators, and perceived barriers related to each of the screening techniques currently available. Participants were recruited from the High Risk Breast Cancer and Pancreatic Cancer Registries at Huntsman Cancer Institute. The findings of this study indicated that individuals from these high‐risk groups have low knowledge levels of pancreatic cancer screening, despite their desire for this information. Motivation to undergo a particular screening technique is related to whether the test is recommended by a physician, cost, degree of invasiveness, and comfort level. This information is useful to genetics professionals who counsel at‐risk individuals, physicians who formulate patient care plans, and translational researchers who are developing pancreatic screening methods.
Synthesis, Optical Properties, and Photocatalytic Activity of One-Dimensional CdS@ZnS Core-Shell Nanocomposites
Authors: Wang Le , Wei Hongwei , Fan Yingju , Liu Xinzheng , Zhan Jinhua 
Published: March 2009

Abstract
One-dimensional (1D) CdS@ZnS core-shell nanocomposites were successfully synthesized via a two-step solvothermal method. Preformed CdS nanowires with a diameter of ca. 45 nm and a length up to several tens of micrometers were coated with a layer of ZnS shell by the reaction of zinc acetate and thiourea at 180 °C for 10 h. It was found that uniform ZnS shell was composed of ZnS nanoparticles with a diameter of ca. 4 nm, which anchored on the nanowires without any surface pretreatment. The 1D CdS@ZnS core-shell nanocomposites were confirmed by XRD, SEM, TEM, HR-TEM, ED, and EDS techniques. The optical properties and photocatalytic activities of the 1D CdS@ZnS core-shell nanocomposites towards methylene blue (MB) and 4-chlorophenol (4CP) under visible light (λ > 420 nm) were separately investigated. The results show that the ZnS shell can effectively passivate the surface electronic states of the CdS cores, which accounts for the enhanced photocatalytic activities of the 1D CdS@ZnS core-shell nanocomposites compared to that of the uncoated CdS nanowires.
Visuospatial working memory in children and adolescents with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome; an fMRI study
Authors: Azuma Rayna , Daly Eileen M. , Campbell Linda E. , Stevens Angela F. , Deeley Quinton , Giampietro Vincent , Brammer Michael J. , Glaser Beate , Ambery Fiona Z. , Morris Robin G. , Williams Steven C. R. , Owen Michael J. , Murphy Declan G. M. , Murphy Kieran C. 
Published: March 2009

Abstract
22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) is a genetic disorder associated with a microdeletion of chromosome 22q11. In addition to high rates of neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, children with 22q11DS have a specific neuropsychological profile with particular deficits in visuospatial and working memory. However, the neurobiological substrate underlying these deficits is poorly understood. We investigated brain function during a visuospatial working memory (SWM) task in eight children with 22q11DS and 13 healthy controls, using fMRI. Both groups showed task-related activation in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and bilateral parietal association cortices. Controls activated parietal and occipital regions significantly more than those with 22q11DS but there was no significant between-group difference in DLPFC. In addition, while controls had a significant age-related increase in the activation of posterior brain regions and an age-related decrease in anterior regions, the 22q11DS children showed the opposite pattern. Genetically determined differences in the development of specific brain systems may underpin the cognitive deficits in 22q11DS, and may contribute to the later development of neuropsychiatric disorders.
Teasing apart the heterogeneity of autism: Same behavior, different brains in toddlers with fragile X syndrome and autism
Authors: Hazlett Heather Cody , Poe Michele D. , Lightbody Amy A. , Gerig Guido , MacFall James R. , Ross Allison K. , Provenzale James , Martin Arianna , Reiss Allan L. , Piven Joseph 
Published: March 2009

AbstractTo examine brain volumes in substructures associated with the behavioral features of children with FXS compared to children with idiopathic autism and controls. A cross-sectional study of brain substructures was conducted at the first time-point as part of an ongoing longitudinal MRI study of brain development in FXS. The study included 52 boys between 18–42 months of age with FXS and 118 comparison children (boys with autism-non FXS, developmental-delay, and typical development). Children with FXS and autistic disorder had substantially enlarged caudate volume and smaller amygdala volume; whereas those children with autistic disorder without FXS (i.e., idiopathic autism) had only modest enlargement in their caudate nucleus volumes but more robust enlargement of their amygdala volumes. Although we observed this double dissociation among selected brain volumes, no significant differences in severity of autistic behavior between these groups were observed. This study offers a unique examination of early brain development in two disorders, FXS and idiopathic autism, with overlapping behavioral features, but two distinct patterns of brain morphology. We observed that despite almost a third of our FXS sample meeting criteria for autism, the profile of brain volume differences for children with FXS and autism differed from those with idiopathic autism. These findings underscore the importance of addressing heterogeneity in studies of autistic behavior.
To tell it directly or not: Coding transparency and corruption in Malagasy political oratory
Authors: JACKSON JENNIFER L. 
Published: March 2009

ABSTRACTThis article discusses stylistic and contextual variations in the political oratory (kabary politika) of urban Madagascar. New imported oratorical styles and older styles ofkabaryrepresent competing linguistic markets where political leaders field broader issues of political modernity, fighting government corruption through reforms toward transparency.Kabaryhas become the object of criticism in models for transparent government practice. This has affected the way leaders speak to and about the country, reifying a moral structure arguing what constitutes truth and how speakers understand language as conveying that truth. In this respect, this article describes linguistic and metalinguistic encodings of transparency versus corruption in the political communication styles of highland Malagasy political orators. It looks at how the rhetorical modes of an urban polity are reorganized in ways that reshape vernacular epistemologies of truth in language and shift the production of particular publics and their access to participation in political process. (Madagascar,kabary, oratory, democracy, linguistic variation, language ideology, truth and ethics, public opinion, public culture)*
Time trends in primary-care morbidity, hospitalization and mortality due to pneumonia
Authors: VAN GAGELDONK-LAFEBER A. B. , BOGAERTS M. A. H. , VERHEIJ R. A. , VAN DER SANDE M. A. B. 
Published: March 2009

SUMMARYMost studies reporting pneumonia morbidity are restricted to hospitalized patients, although only a minority of pneumonia patients are admitted to hospital. To get a better understanding of the burden of disease in the general population, we conducted a population-based retrospective study to examine trends in pneumonia incidence in general practice, hospitalization, and mortality due to pneumonia in The Netherlands between 1997 and 2007. Between 2001/2002 and 2006/2007 there was an adjusted yearly increase of 12% in the clinical diagnosis of pneumonia in patients consulting general practitioners. Hospitalizations increased 5% per year between 1999/2000 and 2006/2007, while mortality annually decreased by 2% between 1997/1998 and 2006/2007. Our study suggests that the morbidity of pneumonia in the Dutch population increased considerably over this period, especially in primary-care settings, and that focusing only on hospitalization might underestimate the increasing public health burden of pneumonia.
Emotions and emotion regulation in developmental psychopathology
Authors: Cicchetti Dante , Ackerman Brian P. , Izard Carroll E. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe understanding of emotions possesses important implications for elucidating normal as well as abnormal development. The contributions that the emotions have made for enhancing our understanding of psychopathology have been evident throughout history. In this article, an overview of the historical links between the emotions and psychopathology is presented. Despite its rich history, much contemporary theory and research on emotions has been conducted primarily within a nonpathology perspective. In recent decades, investigators have become more interested in examining the role and development of the emotions in atypical populations. It has been argued that the modularity of the emotions system requires a developmental model of emotion regulation.