bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
4E-Binding Protein 1, A Cell Signaling Hallmark in Breast Cancer that Correlates with Pathologic Grade and Prognosis
Authors: Rojo Federico , Najera Laura , Lirola José , Jiménez José , Guzmán Marta , Sabadell M. Dolors , Baselga Jose , Cajal Santiago Ramon y 
Published: January 2007

Abstract
Purpose: Cell signaling pathways include a complex myriad of interconnected factors from the membrane to the nucleus, such as erbB family receptors and the phosphoinositide-3-kinase/Akt/mTOR and Ras-Raf-ERK cascades, which drive proliferative signals, promote survival, and regulate protein synthesis.
Experimental Design: To find pivotal factors in these pathways, which provide prognostic information in malignancies, we studied 103 human breast tumors with an immunohistochemical profile, including total and phosphorylated (p) proteins: human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), epidermal growth factor receptor, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, Akt, 4E-binding protein 1 (4EBP1), eukaryotic initiation factor 4E, phosphorylated ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1, phosphorylated ribosomal protein S6, and Ki67. Western blot and reverse lysate protein arrays were also done in a subset of tumors.
Results: Significantly, activation of the phosphoinositide-3-kinase/Akt/mTOR cascade was detected in a high proportion of tumors (41.9%). Tumors with HER2 overexpression showed higher p-Akt as compared with negative tumors (P &lt; 0.001). Levels of p-Akt correlated with the downstream molecules, p-4EBP1 (P = 0.001) and p-p70S6K (P = 0.05). Although 81.5% of tumors expressed p-4EBP1, in 16.3% of these tumors, concomitant activation of the upstream factors was not detected. Interestingly, p-4EBP1 was mainly expressed in poorly differentiated tumors (P &lt; 0.001) and correlated with tumor size (P &lt; 0.001), presence of lymph node metastasis (P = 0.002), and locoregional recurrences (P = 0.002). Coexpression of p-4EBP1 and p-eIF4G correlated with a high tumor proliferation rate (P = 0.012).
Conclusion: In this study, p-4EBP1 was the main factor in signaling pathways that associate with prognosis and grade of malignancy in breast tumors. Moreover, p-4EBP1 was detected in both HER2-positive and HER2-negative tumors. This factor seems to be a channeling point at which different upstream oncogenic alterations converge and transmit their proliferative signal, modulating protein translation.
Virotherapy with a Type 2 Herpes Simplex Virus–Derived Oncolytic Virus Induces Potent Antitumor Immunity against Neuroblastoma
Authors: Li Hongtao , Dutuor Aurelie , Tao Lihua , Fu Xinping , Zhang Xiaoliu 
Published: January 2007

Abstract
Purpose: We recently constructed an oncolytic virus from type 2 herpes simplex virus (HSV-2) that selectively targets and kills tumor cells with an activated Ras signaling pathway. Designated FusOn-H2, this virus has shown several discrete killing mechanisms. Here, we evaluated the antitumor immune responses after FusOn-H2–mediated virotherapy in a syngeneic murine neuroblastoma model.
Experimental Design: We directly injected FusOn-H2 into established tumors and then measured its antitumor effect and the accompanying tumor-specific immune responses. Several oncolytic HSVs constructed from HSV-1 were included in the same experiments for comparisons.
Results: Our data show that tumor destruction by FusOn-H2 in vivo induces potent antitumor immune responses in this syngeneic neuroblastoma model. The elicited cellular immunity not only eradicated neuroblastoma cells in vitro but also inhibited the growth of tumors at sites distant from the virus injection site. Moreover, adoptive transfer of splenocytes from mice receiving virotherapy to naïve mice resulted in a measurable antitumor effect.
Conclusion: We conclude that the ability of FusOn-H2 to induce tumor-specific cellular immunity expands the oncolytic repertoire of this virus and increases the likelihood that its use in patients would produce significant therapeutic benefits.
Diastereomeric salt crystallization synthesis for chiral resolution of ibuprofen
Authors: Lam Wai H. , Ng Ka M. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractConceptual design and experimental investigations are integrated for synthesizing diastereomeric salt crystallization processes for chiral resolution. An anti‐inflammatory drug ibuprofen and a common resolving agent N‐methyl‐D‐glucamine were chosen to illustrate this integrative approach. Bench data were generated in a systematic manner. Solvent screening was conducted first to identify the right solvent to precipitate the diastereomeric salts. Solid–liquid equilibrium data of the diastereomeric salt system were then measured. Seeding was used to facilitate the precipitation of the desired component. All of this information was used to generate flow sheet alternatives to recover the desired diastereomeric salts. © 2007 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J 2007
A novel one‐pot procedure for preparation of some new condensed pyrido[2,3‐d]pyrimidine(1H,3H)‐2,4‐diones
Authors: Azizian Javad , Mohammadizadeh Mohammad R. , Mohammadi Ali A. , Karimi Ali R. , Teimouri Fatemeh 
Published: January 2007

AbstractA novel one‐pot procedure for preparation of some new condensed pyrido[2,3‐d]pyrimidine(1H,3H)‐2,4‐diones based on condensation of ninhydrin, alkyl cyanoacetate, and 6‐aminouracil derivatives has been reported. The reactions were carried out in refluxed ethanol and were completed in less than 2 h. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 18:16–18, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20242
Interpretation of interleukin‐2 receptor alpha positive cells during induction chemotherapy for adult acute myelogenous leukaemia patients
Authors: Min Woo‐Sung , Kim Hee‐Je , Choi Young , Jeong Hye‐Young , Kim Chun‐Choo 
Published: January 2007

AbstractTo correlate clinical outcomes with the expression of interleukin‐2 receptor alpha (CD25) positive cells during induction chemotherapy (IC) in adult patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), we investigated the prognostic importance of subsets of peripheral blood (PB) CD45+CD25+ cells. Seventy‐five patients with newly diagnosed AML received the same initial IC; and serial PB samples were taken. The gated CD45/CD25 cell populations were used to compare the intensity of immunophenotypic signals based on the treatment timeline. Patients who responded poorly to IC demonstrated exceptionally higher levels of PB CD45+CD25+ cells by percentage (p = 0.003) or by absolute count (p = 0.046) on the seventh day (D + 7) of initial IC. In addition, patients in complete remission (CR) (n = 61) demonstrated relatively lower levels of steady PB CD45+CD25+ after standard IC. These results suggest that the expression of CD25 can be used to predict the response to IC during an early period of treatment. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Effect of Operational Parameters of the Rancimat Method on the Determination of the Oxidative Stability Measures and Shelf‐Life Prediction of Soybean Oil
Authors: Farhoosh Reza 
Published: January 2007

AbstractOperational parameters of the Rancimat method, including oil sample size, airflow rate, and temperature, were evaluated to determine their effects on the oxidative stability index (OSI), temperature coefficient, Q10 number, and shelf‐life prediction for soybean oil. Operational parameters of the Rancimat method had statistically significant effects (P < 0.05) on the OSI. Whenever the oil sample size and airflow rate at a given temperature were such that the air‐saturated condition could be established, the OSIs showed no statistically significant differences. As temperature increased, OSIs decreased, while their average coefficient of variation (CV) increased. In general, the conditions where the sample was saturated with air and had a relatively lower CV were an oil sample size of 6 g at all temperatures and airflow rates, then 3‐g oil sample size at low temperatures (100 and 110 °C) and low airflow rates (10 and 15 L h−1). The temperature coefficient and Q10 number were found to be independent of the oil sample size and airflow rate, and their mean values for soybean oil were calculated to be −3.12 × 10−2 °C−1 and 2.05, respectively. Oil sample size and airflow rate showed a significant effect on shelf‐life prediction for soybean oil. Therefore, choosing the right levels of these operational parameters in the Rancimat method may produce the least possible difference between predictions from long‐term storage studies and the OSI test.
A View of Elgar's Methods of Composition through the Sketches of the Symphony no. 2 in E♭ (op. 63)
Authors: Kent Christopher 
Published: January 2007

The main sources of sketches for Elgar's Second Symphony are the two Stuart-Wortley volumes in the care of the Elgar Birthplace Trust. Each is bound in black calf-skin, and measures 26 by 31.5 cm. They are entitled as follows, firstly, (S-W/B):
Original Manuscript Sketches/for Symphony No. 2/by/Sir Edward Elgar//Short Score/As given by him to Mrs Charles Stuart-Wortley/March 1911 /♦/Bequeathed by her to the/Elgar Birthplace/Broad Heath, Worcester/1936.
The Achievement of Ragtime: An Introductory Study with some Implications for British Research in Popular Music
Authors: Dickinson Peter 
Published: January 2007

Rupert Hughes, in The Boston Musical Record, 1899:
Ragtime meets little encouragement from the scholarly musician. It has two classes of enemies: the green-eyed, blue-goggled fogy who sees in all popular music a diminution of the attention due to Bach's works; and the more modern scholar who thinks he has dismissed the whole musical activity of the Negro by a single contemptuous word.But … [none of these reproaches] … has ever succeeded against a vital musical idea, and I feel safe in predicting that ragtime has come to stay, that it will be taken up and developed into a great dance form to be handled with respect, not only by Negro creators, but by the scholarly musicians of the whole world.1
The Divine Madness of Isabella Andreini
Authors: Macneil Anne 
Published: January 2007

Nel giorno, che sublime in bassi mantiIsabella imitava alto furore;Estolta con angelici sembiantiEbbe del senno altrui gloria maggiore;Alhor saggia tra 'I suon, saggia tra i cantiNon mosse piè, che non sorgesse Amore,Né voce aprì, che non creasse amanti,Né riso fè, che non beasse un core.Chi fu quel giorno a rimirar feliceDi tutt'altro quaggiù cesse il desio,Che sua vita per sempre ebbe serena.O di Scena dolcissima Sirena,O de' Teatri Italici Fenice,O tra Coturni insuperabil Clio.Gabriello ChiabreraIn the spring of 1589, the commedia dell'arte company known as the Gelosi travelled to Florence in order to perform for the wedding of Grand Duke Ferdinando de' Medici and Christine of Lorraine. The Gelosi were among the very best commedia dell'arte players of the time, their fame heralded throughout the noble and royal households of western Europe.
Experimental Pianofortes and the Music Written for Them
Authors: Harding Rosamond 
Published: January 2007

During the earlier years of the nineteenth century a pianoforte recital without an orchestral accompaniment to at least one of the works, was a rarity and the concerto form was almost always used in all the greater performances. It was not, in fact, until 1837 that Moscheles ventured to introduce pianoforte-evenings without this addition. The great pianists wrote concertos or divertissements for their instrument and in order that these works could be performed by the amateur in his home, where there could be no orchestra, all the tuttis were printed in short score and with the appropriate dynamic marks. Thus a pianist often found himself playing music originally designed for strings, brass or wood wind. In consequence of the desire on the part of these amateurs for two and four hand reduction of operatic and symphonic works, numerous devices were added to the pianoforte for the purpose of giving the illusion of an orchestra. These may be grouped under the following headings:—
(1)Devices for sustaining the sounds after the note had been struck.(2)Octave couplers.(3)Characteristic stops such as (a) echo pedal, (b) bassoon stop, (c) Janissary music.(4)“Repetition” actions to make it possible to imitate quickly repeated notes of the violins in trills and cadences.
Antitumor Activity of Novel Indirubin Derivatives in Rat Tumor Model
Authors: Kim Soo-A , Kim Yong-Chul , Kim Si-Wouk , Lee Sang-Ho , Min Jung-Joon , Ahn Sang-Gun , Yoon Jung-Hoon 
Published: January 2007

Abstract
Purpose: The novel indirubin derivatives 5′-nitro-indirubinoxime, 5′-fluoro-indirubinoxime, and 5′-trimethylacetamino-indirubinoxime were designed and tested for antitumor activity both in vitro and in vivo using rat tumor model.
Experimental Design: Three-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were inoculated s.c. on the left flank with 107 RK3E-ras rat kidney epithelial cells harboring k-ras gene. Alternatively, 5 × 106 RK3E-ras cells were injected into the oral mucosa. Indirubin derivative treatment began on the 3rd or 6th day after oral or s.c. cell injection, respectively. Indirubin derivatives were directly injected into the tumor every other day for a total of five times. Animals were monitored daily and tumor volume was measured by caliper.
Results: Indirubin derivatives showed potent antiproliferative activity on various human cancer cells and oncogenic RK3E-ras rat kidney cells, with IC50 ranging from 1 to 12 μmol/L. Treatment with indirubin derivatives induced the activation of caspase-7 followed by apoptosis in RK3E-ras cells. Indirubin derivatives showed strong antitumor activity in rat solid and oral tumor models. Direct injection of indirubin derivatives every other day for 10 days induced significant inhibition of tumor growth in Sprague-Dawley rats bearing RK3E-ras-induced tumors. Histologically, treatment with indirubin derivatives caused significant inhibition of tumor formation with increased apoptosis and decreased tumor cell proliferation.
Conclusions: Our data showed that novel indirubin derivatives 5′-nitro-indirubinoxime, 5′-fluoro-indirubinoxime, and 5′-trimethylacetamino-indirubinoxime effectively arrested the tumor growth by inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis. These findings provide the potential value of indirubin derivatives as novel candidates for antitumor agents.
Prognostic Value of Tumor Architecture, Tumor-Associated Vascular Characteristics, and Expression of Angiogenic Molecules in Pancreatic Endocrine Tumors
Authors: Takahashi Yu , Akishima-Fukasawa Yuri , Kobayashi Noritoshi , Sano Tsuyoshi , Kosuge Tomoo , Nimura Yuji , Kanai Yae , Hiraoka Nobuyoshi 
Published: January 2007

Abstract
Purpose: It is difficult to predict the biological behavior of pancreatic endocrine tumors (PETs). Our aim was to evaluate the prognostic significance of certain variables in PETs.
Experimental Design: The following variables were examined in 37 patients with PETs and then compared with other clinicopathologic characteristics: histologic tumor structure; microvessel density (MVD) measured by three different methods, including a unique method involving calculation of solid area MVD; endothelial proliferation; and the immunohistochemical expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-A and CXC chemokine CXCL-12. Intratumoral vascular structures were analyzed by double immunofluorescence using 30-μm-thick sections.
Results: The presence of focal and intensive solid growth of tumor cells (large solid nests; P = 0.003), low solid area MVD (P = 0.002), a high endothelial cell proliferation index (EPI; P = 0.005), and high expression of CXCL-12 in PET cells (P = 0.018) were significant unfavorable prognostic indicators. The predominant structure of the overall tumor histology and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-A did not separate aggressive PETs. In areas of focal solid growth, tumor-associated blood vessels had obviously low MVD and high EPI, and their structures were poorly formed with highly abnormal features, in comparison with other areas. High expression of CXCL-12 in tumor cells was significantly associated with variables representing tumor growth, hematogenous tumor spread, low MVD, high EPI, and the presence of large solid nests.
Conclusions: This study has provided novel findings on the prognostic features of tumor architecture and tumor-associated angiogenesis in PETs. CXCL-12 is the first candidate molecule in association with neoangiogenesis in PETs.
Inhibition of Breast Cancer Cell Growth In vitro and In vivo: Effect of Restoration of Wwox Expression
Authors: Iliopoulos Dimitrios , Fabbri Muller , Druck Teresa , Qin Haiyan R. , Han Shuang-Yin , Huebner Kay 
Published: January 2007

Abstract
Purpose: The WWOX gene is down-regulated in breast cancer and loss of Wwox expression correlates with important clinical features of breast cancer. Thus, we have examined the effect of restoration of Wwox expression in breast cancer-derived cells.
Experimental Design: Wwox protein expression was restored by the following: (a) infection with a recombinant adenovirus carrying WWOX cDNA (Ad-WWOX) or (b) treatment with the DNA methyltransferase inhibitor, 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine, to activate the endogenous WWOX gene, in breast cancer-derived cells in vitro and in vivo.
Results: Restoration of Wwox expression led to suppression of growth of Wwox-deficient breast cancer-derived cells, through activation of the intrinsic caspase pathway, but did not affect growth of Wwox-sufficient MCF7 cells. Intratumoral Wwox restoration, through Ad-WWOX infection or endogenous Wwox reactivation by 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine injection, suppressed tumor growth in nude mice by inducing apoptosis. Alteration of global methylation levels was not observed.
Conclusions: The results confirm that overexpression of exogenous Wwox inhibits breast cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo and, perhaps more importantly, shows that restoration of endogenous Wwox expression, and likely other proteins, by treatment with a de novo methyltransferase inhibitor, also inhibits breast cancer cell growth and reverses breast cancer xenograft growth.
Obesity and Sex Steroids during Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Agonist Treatment for Prostate Cancer
Authors: Smith Matthew R. 
Published: January 2007

Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate effects of obesity on sex steroid levels during treatment with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist in men with prostate cancer.
Experimental Design: Forty-nine hormone-naïve men with recurrent or locally advanced prostate cancer were included in the analyses. All subjects were treated with leuprolide 3-month depot for 48 weeks. Serum levels of estradiol, sex hormone–binding globulin, total testosterone, and free testosterone were assessed at baseline, 24 weeks, and 48 weeks. Subjects were categorized by body mass index (BMI) and percent body fat.
Results: Pretreatment serum sex hormone–binding globulin and total testosterone levels were significantly lower in overweight and obese men than in men with normal BMI. In the overall study population, mean serum testosterone concentrations decreased from 372 ± 18 ng/dL at baseline to 13 ± 1 ng/dL at week 48 (P &lt; 0.001). Free testosterone decreased from 6.75 ± 0.33 ng/dL at baseline to 0.21 ± 0.02 ng/dL at week 48 (P &lt; 0.001). During treatment with leuprolide, obese men had significantly higher total and free testosterone levels than men with normal BMI. Compared with normal men, total and free testosterone levels during treatment were 1.8-fold and 2.3-fold higher in obese men. Similar results were observed when subjects were categorized by body fat.
Conclusions: Despite lower pretreatment serum testosterone levels, obese men have higher total and free testosterone levels during leuprolide treatment than men with normal BMI. These differences may contribute to the association between obesity and increased prostate cancer mortality.
Potential for Donation After Cardiac Death in a Children's Hospital
Authors: Durall Amy L. , Laussen Peter C. , Randolph Adrienne G. 
Published: January 2007

OBJECTIVES. A task force was convened to decide whether a donation after cardiac death policy should be implemented at Children's Hospital Boston. As part of this process, we sought to determine the number of potential kidney donation after cardiac death donors in our PICUs.
METHODS. We examined all 254 deaths in the Medical/Surgical ICU and the Cardiac ICU from 2002 to 2004 and identified potential donation after cardiac death donors. Inclusion criteria were age ≥3 months, mechanical ventilation, and creatinine ≤1.5 mg/dL. Exclusion criteria were HIV infection, malignancy other than primary brain tumor or nonmelanoma skin cancer, evidence of ongoing infection, death despite resuscitation attempts, and brain death.
RESULTS. Twenty-one of the 254 deaths met criteria for brain death, and 233 patients did not. Of the 116 patients &gt;3 months of age for whom life support was withdrawn, 92 were not suitable for kidney donation after cardiac death. Of the 24 children identified as potentially eligible for donation after cardiac death, 14 died within 1 hour of withdrawal of support and could have proceeded with donation after cardiac death. In the other 10 children, donation would have been aborted because of prolonged time to death.
CONCLUSIONS. Of all patients who died in our ICUs, 5.5% would have been potential candidates for donation after cardiac death. Assuming the rates of parental consent are similar to that of our heart-beating organ donors (47%), a donation after cardiac death protocol could have potentially yielded 7 additional organ donors and 14 additional kidneys over this 3-year period.
Childhood Mental Ability in Relation to Food Intake and Physical Activity in Adulthood: The 1970 British Cohort Study
Authors: Batty G. David , Deary Ian J. , Schoon Ingrid , Gale Catharine R. 
Published: January 2007

OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this work was to examine the relation of scores on tests of mental ability in childhood with food consumption and physical activity in adulthood.
METHODS. Based on a cohort of &gt;17000 individuals born in Great Britain in 1970, 8282 had complete data for mental ability scores at 10 years of age and reported their food intake and physical activity patterns at 30 years of age.
RESULTS. Children with higher mental ability scores reported significantly more frequent consumption of fruit, vegetables (cooked and raw), wholemeal bread, poultry, fish, and foods fried in vegetable oil in adulthood. They were also more likely to have a lower intake of chips (French fries), nonwholemeal bread, and cakes and biscuits. There was some attenuation in these associations after adjustment for markers of socioeconomic position across the life course, which included educational attainment, with statistical significance lost in some analyses. Higher mental ability was positively associated with exercise habit, in particular, intense activity (defined by being out of breath/sweaty). The associations between mental ability and these behaviors were similar in both men and women, and they were somewhat stronger for verbal than nonverbal ability.
CONCLUSIONS. It is plausible that the skills captured by IQ tests, such as the ability to comprehend and reason, may be important in the successful management of a person's health behaviors.