bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Macrophages coordinate immune response to laser-induced injury via extracellular traps
Authors: Conedera Federica M. , Kokona Despina , Zinkernagel Martin S. , Stein Jens V. , Lin Charles P. , Alt Clemens , Enzmann Volker 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Retinal degeneration results from disruptions in retinal homeostasis due to injury, disease, or aging and triggers peripheral leukocyte infiltration. Effective immune responses rely on coordinated actions of resident microglia and recruited macrophages, critical for tissue remodeling and repair. However, these phagocytes also contribute to chronic inflammation in degenerated retinas, yet the precise coordination of immune response to retinal damage remains elusive. Recent investigations have demonstrated that phagocytic cells can produce extracellular traps (ETs), which are a source of self-antigens that alter the immune response, which can potentially lead to tissue injury.

Methods
Innovations in experimental systems facilitate real-time exploration of immune cell interactions and dynamic responses. We integrated in vivo imaging with ultrastructural analysis, transcriptomics, pharmacological treatments, and knockout mice to elucidate the role of phagocytes and their modulation of the local inflammatory response through extracellular traps (ETs). Deciphering these mechanisms is essential for developing novel and enhanced immunotherapeutic approaches that can redirect a specific maladaptive immune response towards favorable wound healing in the retina.

Results
Our findings underscore the pivotal role of innate immune cells, especially macrophages/monocytes, in regulating retinal repair and inflammation. The absence of neutrophil and macrophage infiltration aids parenchymal integrity restoration, while their depletion, particularly macrophages/monocytes, impedes vascular recovery. We demonstrate that macrophages/monocytes, when recruited in the retina, release chromatin and granular proteins, forming ETs. Furthermore, the pharmacological inhibition of ETosis support retinal and vascular repair, surpassing the effects of blocking innate immune cell recruitment. Simultaneously, the absence of ETosis reshapes the inflammatory response, causing neutrophils, helper, and cytotoxic T-cells to be restricted primarily in the superficial capillary plexus instead of reaching the damaged photoreceptor layer.

Conclusions
Our data offer novel insights into innate immunity's role in responding to retinal damage and potentially help developing innovative immunotherapeutic approaches that can shift the immune response from maladaptive to beneficial for retinal regeneration.
Updated single cell reference atlas for the starlet anemone Nematostella vectensis
Authors: Cole Alison G. , Steger Julia , Hagauer Julia , Denner Andreas , Ferrer Murguia Patricio , Knabl Paul , Narayanaswamy Sanjay , Wick Brittney , Montenegro Juan D. , Technau Ulrich 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
The recent combination of genomics and single cell transcriptomics has allowed to assess a variety of non-conventional model organisms in much more depth. Single cell transcriptomes can uncover hidden cellular complexity and cell lineage relationships within organisms. The recent developmental cell atlases of the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis, a representative of the basally branching Cnidaria, has provided new insights into the development of all cell types (Steger et al Cell Rep 40(12):111370, 2022; Sebé-Pedrós et al. Cell 173(6):1520–1534.e20). However, the mapping of the single cell reads still suffers from relatively poor gene annotations and a draft genome consisting of many scaffolds.

Results
Here we present a new wildtype resource of the developmental single cell atlas, by re-mapping of sequence data first published in Steger et al. (2022) and Cole et al. (Nat Commun 14(1):1747, 2023), to the new chromosome-level genome assembly and corresponding gene models in Zimmermann et al. (Nat Commun 14, 8270 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-44080-7). We expand the pre-existing dataset through the incorporation of additional sequence data derived from the capture and sequencing of cell suspensions from four additional samples: 24 h gastrula, 2d planula, an inter-parietal region of the bodywall from a young unsexed animal, and another adult mesentery from a mature male animal.

Conclusion
Our analyses of the full cell-state inventory provide transcriptomic signatures for 127 distinct cell states, of which 47 correspond to neuroglandular subtypes. We also identify two distinct putatively immune-related transcriptomic profiles that segregate between the inner and outer cell layers. Furthermore, the new gene annotation Nv2 has markedly improved the mapping on the single cell transcriptome data and will therefore be of great value for the community and anyone using the dataset.
Local knowledge of homegarden plants in Miao ethnic communities in Laershan region, Xiangxi area, China
Authors: Luo Jin , Li Qiang , He Jianwu , Yan Jin , Zhang Shujie , Chang Xuepei , Wu Tao 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Homegardens are small-scale land use systems with significant implications for local livelihoods, biodiversity conservation, and sustainable development due to their diverse flora and fauna. Conducting homegarden surveys enables researchers to gain insights into the traditional ecological knowledge of indigenous communities, preserve homegarden biodiversity, and promote sustainable livelihoods. This study has two objectives: first, to collect, record, and organize data on homegarden plants and related traditional knowledge from three communities in the Laershan Plateau, and second, to analyze the species and functional diversity of homegarden plants in the region while exploring the factors that contribute to the heterogeneous distribution of these plants among the communities of three townships.

Methods
This research employed field surveys in the Laershan Miao Autonomous Region in Xiangxi, China, from September 2021 to August 2023. Data were collected through observation and semi-structured interviews. The study utilized descriptive statistics and quantitative analysis, including the Relative Importance Value (RI), Use Value Index (UV), Jaccard Index (JI), and Comprehensive Index of Land Use Degree (La), to examine the diversity of local homegarden plants and related traditional knowledge, as well as community heterogeneity.

Results
The study area exhibited rich biodiversity, with 152 plant species recorded belonging to 62 families and 124 genera. These findings highlight the importance of homegarden plants in maintaining ecological balance and enhancing system resilience against disturbances. Homegarden plants serve multiple functions such as food, ornamental, medicinal, and fodder purposes, with edible and trade plants having the most abundant knowledge. Furthermore, this research revealed that communities with similar forest resource compositions may have similar homegarden plant compositions, demonstrating the connection between cultural exchange among different communities and patterns of plant species distribution.

Conclusions
The Laershan region boasts diverse homegarden plant species crucial for ecological balance and resilience. Their multifunctionality reflects human impact. Plant diversity varies with residents' lifestyles, needs, and cultural exchanges. The close connection between plants and local life is clear. Factors like resource distribution, cultural exchange, and lifestyle influence plant distribution. Further research is needed for conservation and sustainable development. Future research should focus on culturally valuable plant species and traditional knowledge applications.
Glaucocalyxin A delays the progression of OA by inhibiting NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways
Authors: Hong Xin , Liu Xuqiang , Li Bo , Shi Shoujie , Xiao Kai , Xu Tiantian , Nie Yaoyang , Dai Min , Zhu Meisong 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint condition marked by inflammation and cartilage breakdown. Currently, there is a dearth of treatment medications that can clearly slow the course of OA. Glaucocalyxin A (GLA) is a diterpene chemical identified and extracted from Rabdosia japonica with antithrombotic, anticoagulant, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and other pharmacological properties. Previous research has linked inflammation to abnormalities in the homeostasis of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Although GLA has been shown to have anti-inflammatory qualities, its effects on the progression of OA are unknown. As a result, the goal of this study was to see if GLA could slow the course of OA.

Methods
ATDC5 cells were stimulated by IL-1β to create an inflammatory chondrocyte damage model. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Western Blot, high-density culture, and immunofluorescence were used to detect the expression levels of associated gene phenotypes. We also created a mouse model of OA induced by destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) instability, and GLA was administered intraperitoneally once every two days for eight weeks. Mice knee specimens were stained with hematoxylin–eosin, Safranin O/fast green, and immunohistochemical, and the Osteoarthritis Research Society International grade system and Mankin’s score were used to assess the protective effect of GLA on cartilage.

Results
In vitro and in vivo, we explored the effects and molecular processes of GLA as a therapy for OA. The findings demonstrated that GLA might reduce the expression of associated inflammatory mediators and protect the ECM by inhibiting the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. Animal research revealed that GLA could protect against the DMM-induced OA model mice by stabilizing ECM.

Conclusion
Taken together, our findings show that GLA has a protective impact on cartilage throughout OA progression, implying that GLA could be employed as a possible therapeutic agent for OA, thus giving a new therapeutic method for the treatment of OA.
An association between heart rate variability and pediatric obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Sonsuwan Nuntigar , Houngsuwannakorn Krittika , Chattipakorn Nipon , Sawanyawisuth Kittisak 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
There are different findings on heart rate variability (HRV) and pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (pOSA) by an overnight HRV or a 1-hr HRV. However, there is limited data of HRV and pOSA diagnosis by using a 24-h HRV test. This study aimed to evaluate if HRV had potential for OSA diagnosis by using a 24-h HRV test.

Methods
This was a prospective study included children age between 5 and 15 years old, presenting with snoring, underwent polysomnography and a 24-h Holter monitoring. Predictors for pOSA diagnosis were analyzed using logistic regression analysis.

Results
During the study period, there were 81 pediatric patients met the study criteria. Of those, 65 patients (80.25%) were diagnosed as OSA. There were three factors were independently associated with OSA: standard deviation of all normal interval (SDNN), high frequency (HF), and low frequency (LF). The adjusted odds ratios of these factors were 0.949 (95% confidence interval 0.913, 0.985), 0.786 (95% confidence interval 0.624, 0.989), and 1.356 (95% confidence interval 1.075, 1.709).

Conclusions
HRV parameters including SDNN, HF, and LF were associated with pOSA diagnosis in children by using the 24-h Holter monitoring.
Factors associated with hospitalization in a pediatric population of rural Tanzania: findings from a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Mancini Vincenzo , Borellini Martina , Belardi Paolo , Colucci Maria Carolina , Kadinde Emanuel Yuda , Mwibuka Christina , Maziku Donald , Parisi Pasquale , Di Napoli Anteo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Despite pediatric acute illnesses being leading causes of death and disability among children, acute and critical care services are not universally available in low-middle income countries, such as Tanzania, even if in this country significant progress has been made in child survival, over the last 20 years. In these countries, the hospital emergency departments may represent the only or the main point of access to health-care services. Thus, the hospitalization rates may reflect both the health system organization and the patients’ health status. The purpose of the study is to describe the characteristics of clinical presentations to a pediatric Outpatient Department (OPD) in Tanzania and to identify the predictive factors for hospitalization.

Methods
Retrospective cohort study based on 4,324 accesses in the OPD at Tosamaganga Voluntary Agency Hospital (Tanzania). Data were collected for all 2,810 children (aged 0–13) who accessed the OPD services, within the period 1 January − 30 September 2022. The association between the hospitalization (main outcome) and potential confounding covariates (demographic, socio-contextual and clinical factors) was evaluated using univariate and multivariate logistic regression models.

Results
Five hundred three (11.6%) of OPD accesses were hospitalized and 17 (0.4%) died during hospitalization. A higher (p < 0.001) risk of hospitalization was observed for children without health insurance (OR = 3.26), coming from more distant districts (OR = 2.83), not visited by a pediatric trained staff (OR = 3.58), and who accessed for the following conditions: burn/wound (OR = 70.63), cardiovascular (OR = 27.36), constitutional/malnutrition (OR = 62.71), fever (OR = 9.79), gastrointestinal (OR = 8.01), respiratory (OR = 12.86), ingestion/inhalation (OR = 17.00), injury (OR = 6.84).

Conclusions
The higher risk of hospitalization for children without health insurance, and living far from the district capital underline the necessity to promote the implementation of primary care, particularly in small villages, and the establishment of an efficient emergency call and transport system. The observation of lower hospitalization risk for children attended by a pediatric trained staff confirm the necessity of preventing admissions for conditions that could be managed in other health settings, if timely evaluated.
An epidermal growth factor receptor compound mutation of L858R with S768I in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: a case report
Authors: Boukansa Sara , Mouhrach Ismail , El Agy Fatima , Bouguenouch Laila , Serraj Mounia , Amara Bouchra , Ouadnouni Yassine , Smahi Mohamed , Alami Badreeddine , Mellas Nawfel , Benbrahim Zineb , El Fatemi Hinde 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
In the current treatment landscape for non-small cell lung cancers, epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors have emerged as a well-established treatment option for patients with advanced or metastatic disease. This is particularly true for those with commonly occurring epidermal growth factor receptor mutations. However, the therapeutic efficacy of these agents for so-called rare epidermal growth factor receptor mutations, and in particular those characterized by a high degree of complexity, such as double mutations, remains a subject of clinical uncertainty.

Case presentation
In this context, we present the case of a 64-year-old man of Moroccan descent, a lifelong non-smoker, diagnosed with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer characterized by a complex epidermal growth factor receptor mutation encompassing L858R and S768I. The patient subsequently underwent afatinib-based treatment, showing notable clinical results. These included a remarkable overall survival of 51 months, with a median progression-free survival of more than 39 months.

Conclusions
This case report is a compelling testimony to the evolving therapeutic landscape of non-small cell lung cancers, providing valuable insight into the potential therapeutic efficacy of epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors in the realm of rare and complex epidermal growth factor receptor mutations.
Fast CU size decision and intra-prediction mode decision method for H.266/VVC
Authors: Li Mingying , Wang Zhiying , Zhang Qiuwen 
Published: March 2024

AbstractH.266/Versatile Video Coding (VVC) is the most recent video coding standard developed by the Joint Video Experts Team (JVET). The quad-tree with nested multi-type tree (QTMT) architecture that improves the compression performance of H.266/VVC is introduced. Moreover, H.266/VVC contains a greater number of intra-prediction modes than H.265/High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC), totalling 67. However, these lead to extremely the coding computational complexity. To cope with the above issues, a fast intra-coding unit (CU) size decision method and a fast intra-prediction mode decision method are proposed in this paper. Specifically, the trained Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier models are utilized for determining CU partition mode in a fast CU size decision scheme. Furthermore, the quantity of intra-prediction modes added to the RDO mode set decreases in a fast intra-prediction mode decision scheme based on the improved search step. Simulation results illustrate that the proposed overall algorithm can decrease 55.24% encoding runtime with negligible BDBR.
On a new generalization of a Perov-type F-contraction with application to a semilinear operator system
Authors: Sarwar Muhammad , Shah Syed Khayyam , Abodayeh Kamaleldin , Khan Arshad , Altun Ishak 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis manuscript aims to present new results about the generalized F-contraction of Hardy–Rogers-type mappings in a complete vector-valued metric space, and to demonstrate the fixed-point theorems for single and pairs of generalized F-contractions of Hardy–Rogers-type mappings. The established results represent a significant development of numerous previously published findings and results in the existing body of literature. Furthermore, to ensure the practicality and effectiveness of our findings across other fields, we provide an application that demonstrates a unique solution for the semilinear operator system within the Banach space.
Childhood obesity and risk of Alzheimer’s disease: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Qing Wenxiang , Qian Yujie 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Midlife obesity is a modifiable risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease. However, the association between childhood obesity and Alzheimer’s disease remains largely unknown. Therefore, we conducted a mendelian randomization analysis (MR) to assess the causal link between childhood obesity and Alzheimer’s disease.

Methods
Using summary statistics from publicly available genome-wide association studies (GWAS) database, we explored the genetic link between childhood obesity and Alzheimer’s disease through a two-sample MR. The primary analysis employed the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method. To complement our findings, we also employed MR-Egger, weighted median, simple model, and weighted model methods for MR estimates. Furthermore, we conducted Cochrane’s Q-statistic test, Egger intercept test, and a leave-one-out sensitivity test to ensure the robustness and reliability of our results.

Results
The IVW analysis yielded non-significant results, indicating no significant genetic association between childhood obesity and Alzheimer’s disease (OR = 0.958, 95% CI = 0.910–1.008, p = 0.095). Consistent with this, the results from MR-Egger, the weighted median, simple model, and weighted model approaches all supported these findings. Furthermore, we did not detect any signs of heterogeneity or pleiotropy, and our leave-one-out analysis confirmed that no single nucleotide polymorphisms had a substantial impact on the reliability of our results.

Conclusions
The evidence from our MR analyses suggests that there is no causal effect of childhood obesity on the risk of Alzheimer’s disease.
Effects of stress on sleep quality: multiple mediating effects of rumination and social anxiety
Authors: Zhang Jun , Li Xiaowen , Tang Zhenxing , Xiang Shungui , Tang Yin , Hu Wenxin , Tan Chenchen , Wang Xin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
In contemporary society, with the accelerated pace of work and life, more and more people feel different degrees of stress. Long-term stress may not only lead to insomnia, but also to mental health problems (e.g., anxiety and depression), which has a significant impact on people's quality of life and mental health.

Objective
This study primarily investigates the mechanism through which stress affects sleep quality among college students.

Methods
We conducted research on 1653 Chinese college students using four scales with high reliability and validity: stress, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, social anxiety, and rumination.

Results
The study found: (1) Stress can significantly and positively predict sleep quality and rumination; (2) Rumination can positively predict social anxiety; (3) Social anxiety can positively predict sleep quality; (4) Stress can affect sleep quality through social anxiety and rumination separately, and stress can also affect sleep quality through the chained mediation of rumination and social anxiety.

Conclusion
This study reveals the relationship and mechanisms between stress and sleep quality. It not only deepens the research on the impact of stress on sleep quality but also provides theoretical support and new methods for mental health professionals to help clients improve their sleep quality. In practice, in addition to using some common psychological intervention methods to help individuals reduce stress, we should pay more attention to how to help clients reduce rumination and social anxiety, This is significant in improving the quality of an individual's sleep.
Fire regimes and management options in mixed grassland-fynbos vegetation, South Africa
Authors: Smit Izak P. J. , Baard Johan A. , van Wilgen Brian W. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Fire regimes in South African fynbos shrublands have been quantified in the western (winter rainfall) and central (aseasonal rainfall) parts. They have not been quantified at their eastern extremity (summer rainfall), where fynbos transitions to grassland and is embedded in other fire-resistant vegetation types. We assessed fire regimes at the eastern extremity of the fynbos biome and discussed the ecological and management implications of our findings.

Results
Using remote sensing, we assessed fires over 21 years in a 350,000-ha study area at the eastern edge of the fynbos biome. Only 9% of the study area burned, almost exclusively in mixed grassland-fynbos vegetation. The largest proportion (44% of the total area burnt) burnt in late winter and early spring, but fires occurred throughout the year. Fires only occurred in 39% of the mixed grassland-fynbos vegetation. Of the mixed grassland-fynbos vegetation that did burn, 44%, 11%, 26%, and 19% experienced one, two, three, and four fires, respectively. Areas with multiple fires had return intervals ranging from 3 to 15 years, with 76% of the area with multiple fires burning every 4 to 6 years. Most large fires were preceded by two relatively dry months, when fuels were drier and more flammable.

Conclusions
The mixed grassland-fynbos vegetation at the eastern extremity of the fynbos biome is surrounded by fire-resistant vegetation and exhibits a varied fire regime, with different parts experiencing frequent, infrequent, or no fire over 21 years. Fires were largely aseasonal, occurring throughout the year, although data over more years may reveal that a greater proportion of fires will occur in winter, when grasses are cured and rainfall is low, as well as after relatively long (> 2 months) periods of below-average rainfall. As most fires would burn out safely against fire-resistant vegetation, we conclude that lightning-ignited fires should be allowed to spread unhindered to approximate a natural and heterogeneous fire regime, provided that no neighboring properties or infrastructure are threatened. The response of the biota to fires is not well understood for this transition area, and further research is needed.