bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PET/imidazolium‐based OMMT nanocomposites via in situ polymerization: Morphological, thermal, and nonisothermal crystallization studies
Authors: Monemian S. Ali , Goodarzi Vahabodin , Zahedi Payam , Angaji M. Torabi 
Published: June 2008

AbstractPoly(ethylene terephthalate)/(PET) organically modified montmorillonite (OMMT) nanocomposites were synthesized by applying interlayer in situ polymerization. The OMMT was modified using 1‐decyl‐2‐methyl‐3‐dodecyl imidazolium salt. Application of such an OMMT prevented its degradation process as previously experienced at high temperatures. Micro and submicron structures of nanocomposites were investigated using XRD, TEM, and AFM. Thermal properties and nonisothermal crystallization behavior were analyzed by TGA and DSC, respectively. A correlation between thermal stability and state of dispersion was obtained. Moreover, the effects of different OMMT loadings and cooling rates on nanocomposite samples were also considered. Nonisothermal crystallization behavior was investigated by means of modified Avrami's equation, which showed a crystallite tridimensional growth in nanocomposite samples. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Adv Polym Techn 26:247–257, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/adv.20105
Effect of carboxyl‐terminated butadiene acrylonitrile copolymer concentration on mechanical and morphological features of binary blends of nonglycidyl‐type epoxy resins
Authors: Tripathi Garima , Srivastava Deepak 
Published: June 2008

AbstractBlend samples were prepared by physical blending of nonglycidyl‐type epoxy resin with varying weight ratios of carboxyl‐terminated butadiene acrylonitrile (CTBN) copolymer ranging between 0 and 25 wt%. The blend samples were cured with stoichiometric quantity of diamine. A comparative study of prepared blend samples by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy showed the modification as a result of chemical reactions between cycloaliphatic epoxy, CTBN, and 4,4′‐diamino diphenyl sulfone. The impact strength of the blend systems increased up to 15 wt% addition of CTBN in the blend and decreased thereafter. The toughness and elongation at break increased, whereas tensile strength decreased up to 20 wt% loading of CTBN in the blends. Two‐phase morphology appeared with the incorporation of CTBN in the cycloaliphatic epoxy resin matrix. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Adv Polym Techn 26:258–271, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/adv.20106
Is microglial apoptosis an early pathogenic change in cerebral X‐linked adrenoleukodystrophy?
Authors: Eichler Florian S. , Ren Jia‐Qian , Cossoy Michael , Rietsch Anna M. , Nagpal Sameer , Moser Ann B. , Frosch Matthew P. , Ransohoff Richard M. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractObjectiveMutations in the X‐linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X‐ALD) protein cause accumulation of unbranched saturated very‐long‐chain fatty acids, particularly in brain and adrenal cortex. In humans, the genetic defect causes progressive inflammatory demyelination in the brain, where very‐long‐chain fatty acids accumulate within phospholipid fractions such as lysophosphatidylcholine.MethodsTo address mechanisms of inflammation, we studied microglial activation in human ALD (10 autopsies) and lysophosphatidylcholine (C24:0) injection into the parietal cortex of mice.ResultsUnexpectedly, we found a zone lacking microglia within perilesional white matter, immediately beyond the actively demyelinating lesion edge. Surrounding this zone we observed clusters of activated and apoptotic microglia within subcortical white matter. Lysophosphatidylcholine (C24:0) injection in mice led to widespread microglial activation and apoptosis.InterpretationOur data suggest that the distinct mononuclear phagocytic cell response seen in cerebral X‐ALD results, at least in part, from aberrant signaling to cognate receptors on microglia. Our findings support a hypothesis that microglial apoptosis in perilesional white matter represents an early stage in lesion evolution and may be an appropriate target for intervention in X‐ALD patients with evidence of cerebral demyelination. Ann Neurol 2008
Calcification and endothelialization of thrombi in acute stroke
Authors: Almekhlafi Mohammed A. , Hu William Y. , Hill Michael D. , Auer Roland N. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractWe report chronic histopathological features in thrombi mechanically retrieved from five acute ischemic stroke patients with a median age of 68 years and a median pretreatment National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score of 13. Early endothelialization occurred over and within the thrombus, and calcifications were seen, in addition to the usual acute laminar fibrin, intervening red blood cells, and neutrophils. The effectiveness of tissue plasminogen activator in clot dissolution might be affected by these features, if extensive. Thrombus composition could critically determine the success of chemical thrombolysis. Our results should stimulate the development of imaging modalities to determine thrombus composition. Ann Neurol 2008
Characterization of PLA2G6 as a locus for dystonia‐parkinsonism
Authors: Paisan‐Ruiz Coro , Bhatia Kailash P. , Li Abi , Hernandez Dena , Davis Mary , Wood Nick W. , Hardy John , Houlden Henry , Singleton Andrew , Schneider Susanne A. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractBackgroundAlthough many recessive loci causing parkinsonism dystonia have been identified, these do not explain all cases of the disorder.MethodsWe used homozygosity mapping and mutational analysis in three individuals from two unrelated families who presented with adult‐onset levodopa‐responsive dystonia‐parkinsonism, pyramidal signs and cognitive/psychiatric features, and cerebral and cerebellar atrophy on magnetic resonance imaging but absent iron in the basal ganglia.ResultsWe identified areas of homozygosity on chromosome 22 and, subsequently, PLA2G6 mutations.InterpretationPLA2G6 mutations are associated with infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy and have been reported previously to cause early cerebellar signs, and the syndrome was classified as neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (type 2). Our cases have neither of these previously pathognomic features. Thus, mutations in PLA2G6 should additionally be considered in patients with adult‐onset dystonia‐parkinsonism even with absent iron on brain imaging. Ann Neurol 2008
Yield of additional metabolic studies in neurodevelopmental disorders
Authors: Engbers Hannelie M. , Berger Ruud , van Hasselt Peter , de Koning Tom , de Sain‐van der Velden Monique G. M. , Kroes Hester Y. , Visser Gepke 
Published: June 2008

AbstractThe timing and yield of metabolic studies for patients with neurodevelopmental disorders is a matter of continuing debate. We determined the yield of additional or repeated metabolic studies in patients with neurodevelopmental disorders. Patients referred to a tertiary diagnostic center for patients with unexplained neurodevelopmental disorders were included. Initial metabolic studies had been performed in most patients (87%) before referral. Additional/repeated metabolic studies were individually tailored. Twelve metabolic diseases of 433 patients studied (2.8%) were diagnosed, despite normal initial metabolic studies before referral. Specific metabolic investigations lead to a greater diagnostic yield in patients with neurodevelopmental disorders. Ann Neurol 2008
An Indole‐Binding Site is a Major Determinant of the Ligand Specificity of the GABA Type A Receptor‐Associated Protein GABARAP
Authors: Thielmann Yvonne , Mohrlüder Jeannine , Koenig Bernd W. , Stangler Thomas , Hartmann Rudolf , Becker Karin , Höltje Hans‐Dieter , Willbold Dieter 
Published: June 2008

AbstractThe role of tryptophan as a key residue for ligand binding to the ubiquitin‐like modifier GABAA receptor associated protein (GABARAP) was investigated. Two tryptophan‐binding hydrophobic patches were identified on the conserved face of the GABARAP structure by NMR spectroscopy and molecular docking. GABARAP binding of indole and indole derivatives, including the free amino acid tryptophan was quantified. The two tryptophan binding sites can be clearly distinguished by mapping the NMR spectroscopy‐derived residue‐specific apparent dissociation constant, Kd, onto the three‐dimensional structure of GABARAP. The biological relevance of tryptophan‐binding pockets of GABARAP was supported by a highly conserved tryptophan residue in the GABARAP binding region of calreticulin, clathrin heavy chain, and the gamma2 subunit of the GABAA receptor. Replacement of tryptophan by alanine abolished ligand binding to GABARAP.
Addressing the Numbers Problem in Directed Evolution
Authors: Reetz Manfred T. , Kahakeaw Daniel , Lohmer Renate 
Published: June 2008

AbstractOur previous contribution to increasing the efficiency of directed evolution is iterative saturation mutagenesis (ISM) as a systematic means of generating focused libraries for the control of substrate acceptance, enantioselectivity, or thermostability of enzymes. We have now introduced a crucial element to knowledge‐guided targeted mutagenesis in general that helps to solve the numbers problem in directed evolution. We show that the choice of the amino acid (aa) alphabet, as specified by the utilized codon degeneracy, provides the experimenter with a powerful tool in designing “smarter” randomized libraries that require considerably less screening effort. A systematic comparison of two different codon degeneracies was made by examining the relative quality of the identically sized enzyme libraries in relation to the degree of oversampling required in the screening process. The specific example in our case study concerns the conventional NNK codon degeneracy (32 codons/20 aa) versus NDT (12 codons/12 aa). The model reaction is the hydrolytic kinetic resolution of a chiral trans‐disubstituted epoxide, catalyzed by the epoxide hydrolase from Aspergillus niger. The NDT library proves to be of much higher quality, as measured by the dramatically higher frequency of positive variants and by the magnitude of catalyst improvement (enhanced rate and enantioselectivity). We provide a statistical analysis that constitutes a useful guide for the optimal design and generation of “smarter” focused libraries. This type of approach accelerates the process of laboratory evolution considerably and can be expected to be broadly applicable when engineering functional proteins in general.
Copper Complexes of Mono‐ and Ditopic [(Methylthio)methyl]borates: Missing Links and Linked Systems En Route to Copper Enzyme Models
Authors: Ruth Kai , Tüllmann Sandor , Vitze Hannes , Bolte Michael , Lerner Hans‐Wolfram , Holthausen Max C. , Wagner Matthias 
Published: June 2008

AbstractTMEDA‐free (TMEDA: tetramethylethylenediamine) LiCH2SMe is a suitable reagent for the selective introduction of (methylthio)methyl groups into PhBBr2and itsp‐silylated derivative Me3SiC6H4BBr2. The resulting compounds, R*C6H4B(Br)(CH2SMe) (R*=H:2; R*=SiMe3:7) and PhB(CH2SMe)2(3), form cyclic dimers through BS adduct bonds in solution and in the solid state. Compounds2and3have successfully been used for preparing the (N2S) scorpionate [PhBpz2(CH2SMe)]−([5]−) (pz: pyrazol‐1‐yl) and the (NS2) scorpionate [PhBpz(CH2SMe)2]−, respectively. Compound7proved to be an excellent building block for the heteroditopic poly(pyrazol‐1‐yl)boratep‐[pz3BC6H4Bpz2(CH2SMe)]2−([10]2−) that mimics the two ligation sites of the copper enzymes peptidylglycine α‐hydroxylating monooxygenase and dopamine β‐monooxygenase. Treatment of the monotopic tripod [5]−with CuCl and CuBr2results in the formation of complexes K[Cu(5)2] and [Cu(5)2]. An X‐ray crystallography study of K[Cu(5)2] revealed a tetrahedral (N2S2) coordination environment for the CuIion, whereas the CuIIion of [Cu(5)2] possesses a square‐pyramidal (N4S) ligand sphere (S‐atom in the axial position). The remarkable redox properties of K[Cu(5)2] and [Cu(5)2] have been assessed by cyclic voltammetry and quantum chemical calculations. The reaction of K[Cu(5)2] with dry air leads to the CuIIspecies [Cu(5)2] and to a tetranuclear CuIIcomplex featuring [PhB(O)pz2]2−ligands. Addition of CuCl to K2[10] gives the complex K3[Cu(10)2] containing two ligand molecules per CuIcenter. The CuIion binds to both heteroscorpionate moieties and thereby establishes a coordination environment similar to that of the CuIion in K[Cu(5)2].
ChemInform Abstract: Study of the Structural, Magnetic, and Electrical Properties of the 5H Hexagonal‐Type Perovskite BaMn0.2Co0.8O2.80.
Authors: Miranda Laura , Feteira Antonio , Sinclair Derek C. , Garcia Hernandez Mar , Boulahya Khalid , Hernando Maria , Varela Aurea , Gonzalez‐Calbet Jose M. , Parras Marina 
Published: June 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Characterization of GdBaCo2O5+δ Cathode for IT‐SOFCs.
Authors: Li Na , Lue Zhe , Wei Bo , Huang Xiqiang , Chen Kongfa , Zhang Yaohui , Su Wenhui 
Published: June 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Polar Intermetallic Compounds as Catalysts for Hydrogenation Reactions: Synthesis, Structures, Bonding, and Catalytic Properties of Ca1‐xSrxNi4Sn2 (x = 0.0, 0.5, 1.0) and Catalytic Properties of Ni3Sn and Ni3Sn2.
Authors: Hlukhyy Viktor , Raif Fabian , Claus Peter , Faessler Thomas F. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Formation of Element Chlorides from the Corresponding Element Oxides Through Microwave‐Assisted Carbohydrochlorination Reactions.
Authors: Nordschild Simon , Auner Norbert 
Published: June 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Inclusion of Cu+ and Ag+ Electron‐Rich Metallic Cations within Supramolecular Polyoxometalates Based on {AsW9O33}{Mo3S4} Combinations.
Authors: Duval Sylvain , Pilette Marie‐Anne , Marrot Jerome , Simonnet‐Jegat Corine , Sokolov Maxim , Cadot Emmanuel 
Published: June 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Remarkable Efficiency Improvement in the Preparation of Insoluble Polymer‐Bound (IPB) Enantioselective Catalytic Systems by the Use of Silicone Chemistry.
Authors: Mandoli Alessandro , Lessi Marco , Pini Dario , Evangelisti Claudio , Salvadori Piero 
Published: June 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed cis‐ and trans‐Silaboration of Terminal Alkynes: Complementary Access to Stereo‐Defined Trisubstituted Alkenes.
Authors: Ohmura Toshimichi , Oshima Kazuyuki , Suginome Michinori 
Published: June 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Dicyanomethylene Compounds and Heterocyclization of Acylthiosemicarbazides.
Authors: Hassan Alaa A. , Mourad Aboul‐Fetouh E. , Abou‐Zeid Ashraf H. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Bu2SnIH‐Promoted Proximal Bond Cleavage of Methylenecyclopropanes and Successive Radical Cyclization and/or Pd‐Catalyzed Coupling Reaction.
Authors: Hayashi Naoki , Hirokawa Yusuke , Shibata Ikuya , Yasuda Makoto , Baba Akio 
Published: June 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Thia‐ and Selena‐Heterocycles Containing Cycloamidine Substructures: Ring Contraction Reactions of 1,3,4‐Thia‐/Selenadiazines.
Authors: Fleischhauer Jan , Beckert Rainer , Hornig David , Guenther Wolfgang , Goerls Helmar , Klimesova Vera 
Published: June 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselectivity of the PIFA‐Mediated Bis(trifluoroacetoxylation) of Styrene‐Type Compounds.
Authors: Tellitu Imanol , Dominguez Esther 
Published: June 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Aerobic Oxidation of Primary Amines to Oximes Catalyzed by DPPH and WO3/Al2O3.
Authors: Suzuki Ken , Watanabe Tomonari , Murahashi Shun‐Ichi 
Published: June 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient and Chemoselective Broensted Acidic Ionic Liquid‐Catalyzed N‐Boc Protection of Amines.
Authors: Sunitha Sadula , Kanjilal Sanjit , Reddy P. Srinivasa , Prasad Rachapudi B. N. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Scope of Aminomethylations via Suzuki—Miyaura Cross‐Coupling of Organotrifluoroborates.
Authors: Molander Gary A. , Gormisky Paul E. , Sandrock Deidre L. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Methylation of Aryl C—H Bonds by Using Peroxides.
Authors: Zhang Yuhua , Feng Jianqing , Li Chao‐Jun 
Published: June 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Methylation of Arenes via Ni‐Catalyzed Aryl C—O/F Activation.
Authors: Guan Bing‐Tao , Xiang Shi‐Kai , Wu Tao , Sun Zuo‐Peng , Wang Bi‐Qin , Zhao Ke‐Qing , Shi Zhang‐Jie 
Published: June 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Weinreb Amides via Pd‐Catalyzed Aminocarbonylation of Heterocyclic‐Derived Triflates.
Authors: Deagostino A. , Larini Paolo , Occhiato Ernesto G. , Pizzuto Lorena , Prandi Cristina , Venturello Paolo 
Published: June 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of Trifluoromethylated Propargylamines via 1,2‐Additions of Trifluoromethylacetylide to N‐tert‐Butanesulfinyl Imines.
Authors: Chen Xian‐Yin , Qiu Xiao‐Long , Qing Feng‐Ling 
Published: June 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Oxidative Alkyne Homocoupling Catalyzed by a Monomeric Dicopper‐Substituted Silicotungstate.
Authors: Kamata Keigo , Yamaguchi Syuhei , Kotani Miyuki , Yamaguchi Kazuya , Mizuno Noritaka 
Published: June 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Aromatic Claisen Rearrangement Catalyzed by Tin(IV) Chloride.
Authors: Sarkar Debayan , Venkateswaran Ramanathapuram V. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Efficient Iron‐Catalyzed Allylation of Aromatic Aldehydes with Allyltriethoxysilane: One‐Pot and Practical Synthesis of Homoallyl Ethers (III).
Authors: Yang Ming‐Song , Xu Li‐Wen , Zhang Fei‐Bao , Qiu Hua‐Yu , Jiang Jian‐Xiong , Lai Guo‐Qiao 
Published: June 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.