bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Provision of Domiciliary Dental Care in North and West Belfast
Authors: Stevens Anne , Crealey Grainne E , Murray Ashley M 
Published: June 2008

Aim To determine the level of domiciliary care currently provided for patients by general dental practitioners (GDPs) and to investigate factors that influence the provision of domiciliary dental care in an area of high socioeconomic deprivation in North and West Belfast. Method A descriptive study, involving a self-administered postal questionnaire sent to GDPs (n=89) in North and West Belfast. Results A valid response rate of 67% was achieved. Almost 20% of responding GDPs reported that they did not routinely offer domiciliary dental care. Of those who did, prosthetic treatment was undertaken most commonly, and other more time-consuming treatments such as fillings were referred to the Community Dental Services (CDS). Many GDPs reported not having a full range of domiciliary equipment, with only half of the GDPs surveyed carrying emergency drugs. Reasons cited for not providing the service were lack of time, the perception that patients would be too difficult to manage, and not having the appropriate equipment. The majority of responding dentists (85%) felt that domiciliary care should be referred to the community service. Conclusion The rate of domiciliary care provision in North and West Belfast appears to be falling, despite it being an area of high socioeconomic deprivation where the demand for the service is growing. The general perception was that domiciliary care is too time-consuming, that the patients are too difficult to manage, and that there was a lack of appropriate equipment. As a result, the majority of GDPs in North and West Belfast felt that the CDS should care for all domiciliary patients.
How do cancer patients manage unattainable personal goals and regulate their emotions/
Authors: Schroevers Maya , Kraaij Vivian , Garnefski Nadia 
Published: June 2008

Objectives This article addressed the role of goal adjustment (i.e. disengagement from unattainable goals and reengagement in alternative goals) and cognitive emotion‐regulation strategies (i.e. rumination, catastrophizing, positive refocusing) in cancer patients' psychological well‐being. We expected that patients who are better able to disengage from unattainable goals, identify alternative goals, and regulate their emotions by positive refocusing and not engaging in rumination and catastrophizing would experience less negative and more positive affect.Design In this cross‐sectional study, data were collected using a self‐report questionnaire.Methods Cancer patients (N = 108) were recruited on a psychoeducational meeting aimed to inform them about the illness and its consequences. To examine the relationships between goal adjustment, cognitive emotion‐regulation strategies, and affect, Pearson correlations were calculated and regression analyses were performed.Results Regression analyses showed that reengaging in meaningful goals and focusing on pleasant issues were significantly associated with more positive affect. Focusing on pleasant issues was also significantly associated with less negative affect, whereas rumination and catastrophizing were significantly associated with more negative affect.Conclusions Goal reengagement as well as cognitive emotion‐regulation strategies seems to play an important role in cancer patients' psychological well‐being. Health care professionals may assist patients in paying more attention to positive experiences in their daily life and in finding new meaningful goals. Techniques based on mindfulness may be used to assist cancer patients in decreasing the repetitive negative thinking about causes, meanings, and consequences of the illness and helping them to focus attention on the present moment.
Review of Financial Reporting and Global Capital Markets: A History of the International Accounting Standards Committee, 1973–2000
Authors: Richardson Alan J. 
Published: June 2008

ABSTRACTThis review of K. Camfferman and S. A. Zeff, Financial Reporting and Global Capital Markets: A History of the International Accounting Standards Committee, 1973–2000 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007) provides an overview of the work, comments on the authors' approach to the history of the IASC, and comments on the book's contribution to our understanding of the IASC and its place in global financial governance.
Lack of association of liver fat with model parameters of β-cell function in men with impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes
Authors: Tushuizen Maarten E , Bunck Mathijs C , Pouwels Petra J W , Bontemps Saskia , Mari Andrea , Diamant Michaela 
Published: June 2008

ObjectiveHepatic steatosis and obesity are components of the metabolic syndrome and risk factors for developing type 2 diabetes (T2DM). We studied how liver fat and body fat distribution relate to various aspects of β-cell function.MethodsIn 12 men with T2DM, 10 men with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and 14 age- and body mass index-matched controls, we measured body fat distribution and liver fat by magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy. An oral glucose tolerance test was performed to calculate insulin secretory rate (ISR) by C-peptide deconvolution, and β-cell function using a mathematical model that describes ISR as a function of absolute glucose levels (insulin secretory tone and glucose sensitivity), the glucose rate of change (rate sensitivity), and a potentiation factor.ResultsWaist circumference and the various body fat compartments did not differ among groups. IGT had the highest total and late phase insulin secretion (P<0.001), whereas patients had the lowest insulinogenic index adjusted for insulin resistance (P=0.006). In spite of the hypersecretion, IGT had β-cell glucose sensitivity, rate sensitivity, and potentiation similar to controls. Liver fat content was highest in diabetic patients (P=0.004) and showed the strongest association with total and late phase of insulin secretion in the IGT group (r=0.657, P=0.039 and r=0.732, P=0.016 respectively). Model β-cell function variables showed no association with liver fat or body fat compartments.ConclusionsThese data suggest that, in spite of the association of central adiposity and liver fat with T2DM risk, additional, hitherto unknown factors may contribute to β-cell dysfunction in susceptible humans.
‘You’re Wearing That?: Understanding Mothers and Daughters in Conversation’
Authors: Williams Ashley M. 
Published: June 2008

Book review of ‘You’re Wearing That? Understanding Mothers and Daughters in Conversation’ by Deborah Tannen, published in 2006 by Ballantine Books, New York. Deborah Tannen, as Michael Billig (2000: 129) noted in his review of her 1998 book ‘The Argument Culture’, has a particular knack for writing best-sellers that ‘can outstrip the celebrity biographies, cookery books and sex manuals that dominate the non-fiction book trade’. Indeed, Tannen’s latest addition to her oeuvre meant for popular consumption, ‘You’re Wearing That?’ a New York Times bestseller, is no different.
Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Modulates Survival, Proliferation, and Neuronal Differentiation in Neonatal Subventricular Zone Cell Cultures
Authors: Bernardino Liliana , Agasse Fabienne , Silva Bruno , Ferreira Raquel , Grade Sofia , Malva João O. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractTumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α has been reported to modulate brain injury, but remarkably, little is known about its effects on neurogenesis. We report that TNF-α strongly influences survival, proliferation, and neuronal differentiation in cultured subventricular zone (SVZ) neural stem/progenitor cells derived from the neonatal P1–3 C57BL/6 mice. By using single-cell calcium imaging, we developed a method, based on cellular response to KCl and/or histamine, that allows the functional evaluation of neuronal differentiation. Exposure of SVZ cultures to 1 and 10 ng/ml mouse or 1 ng/ml human recombinant TNF-α resulted in increased differentiation of cells displaying a neuronal-like profile of [Ca2+]i responses, compared with the predominant profile of immature cells observed in control, nontreated cultures. Moreover, by using neutralizing antibodies for each TNF-α receptor, we found that the proneurogenic effect of 1 ng/ml TNF-α is mediated via tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 activation. Accordingly, the percentage of neuronal nuclear protein-positive neurons was increased following exposure to mouse TNF-α. Interestingly, exposure of SVZ cultures to 1 ng/ml TNF-α induced cell proliferation, whereas 10 and 100 ng/ml TNF-α induced apoptotic cell death. Moreover, we found that exposure of SVZ cells to TNF-α for 15 minutes or 6 hours caused an increase in the phospho-stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase immunoreactivity initially in the nucleus and then in growing axons, colocalizing with tau, consistent with axonogenesis. Taken together, these results show that TNF-α induces neurogenesis in neonatal SVZ cell cultures of mice. TNF-α, a proinflammatory cytokine and a proneurogenic factor, may play a central role in promoting neurogenesis and brain repair in response to brain injury and infection.Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.
SJL Dystrophic Mice Express a Significant Amount of Human Muscle Proteins Following Systemic Delivery of Human Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells Without Immunosuppression
Authors: Vieira Natássia M. , Bueno Carlos R. , Brandalise Vanessa , Moraes Luciana V. , Zucconi Eder , Secco Mariane , Suzuki Miriam F. , Camargo Maristela M. , Bartolini Paolo , Brum Patricia C. , Vainzof Mariz , Zatz Mayana 
Published: June 2008

Abstract
Limb-girdle muscular dystrophies (LGMDs) are a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by progressive degeneration of skeletal muscle caused by the absence of or defective muscular proteins. The murine model for limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 2B (LGMD2B), the SJL mice, carries a deletion in the dysferlin gene that causes a reduction in the protein levels to 15% of normal. The mice show muscle weakness that begins at 4–6 weeks and is nearly complete by 8 months of age. The possibility of restoring the defective muscle protein and improving muscular performance by cell therapy is a promising approach for the treatment of LGMDs or other forms of progressive muscular dystrophies. Here we have injected human adipose stromal cells (hASCs) into the SJL mice, without immunosuppression, aiming to assess their ability to engraft into recipient dystrophic muscle after systemic delivery; form chimeric human/mouse muscle fibers; express human muscle proteins in the dystrophic host and improve muscular performance. We show for the first time that hASCs are not rejected after systemic injection even without immunosuppression, are able to fuse with the host muscle, express a significant amount of human muscle proteins, and improve motor ability of injected animals. These results may have important applications for future therapy in patients with different forms of muscular dystrophies.
Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.
Oxytocin Controls Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Reverses Osteoporosis
Authors: Elabd Christian , Basillais Armelle , Beaupied Hélène , Breuil Véronique , Wagner Nicole , Scheideler Marcel , Zaragosi Laure-Emmanuelle , Massiéra Florence , Lemichez Emmanuel , Trajanoski Zlatko , Carle Georges , Euller-Ziegler Liana , Ailhaud Gérard , Benhamou Claude-Laurent , Dani Christian , Amri Ez-Zoubir 
Published: June 2008

Abstract
Osteoporosis constitutes a major worldwide public health burden characterized by enhanced skeletal fragility. Bone metabolism is the combination of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. Whereas increase in bone resorption is considered as the main contributor of bone loss that may lead to osteoporosis, this loss is accompanied by increased bone marrow adiposity. Osteoblasts and adipocytes share the same precursor cell and an inverse relationship exists between the two lineages. Therefore, identifying signaling pathways that stimulate mesenchymal stem cells osteogenesis at the expense of adipogenesis is of major importance for developing new therapeutic treatments. For this purpose, we identified by transcriptomic analysis the oxytocin receptor pathway as a potential regulator of the osteoblast/adipocyte balance of human multipotent adipose-derived stem (hMADS) cells. Both oxytocin (OT) and carbetocin (a stable OT analogue) negatively modulate adipogenesis while promoting osteogenesis in both hMADS cells and human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells. Consistent with these observations, ovariectomized (OVX) mice and rats, which become osteoporotic and exhibit disequilibrium of this balance, have significant decreased OT levels compared to sham-operated controls. Subcutaneous OT injection reverses bone loss in OVX mice and reduces marrow adiposity. Clinically, plasma OT levels are significantly lower in postmenopausal women developing osteoporosis than in their healthy counterparts. Taken together, these results suggest that plasma OT levels represent a novel diagnostic marker for osteoporosis and that OT administration holds promise as a potential therapy for this disease.
Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.
Control of Human Embryonic Stem Cell Colony and Aggregate Size Heterogeneity Influences Differentiation Trajectories
Authors: Bauwens Céline Liu , Peerani Raheem , Niebruegge Sylvia , Woodhouse Kimberly A. , Kumacheva Eugenia , Husain Mansoor , Zandstra Peter W. 
Published: June 2008

Abstract
To better understand endogenous parameters that influence pluripotent cell differentiation we used human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) as a model system. We demonstrate that differentiation trajectories in aggregate (embryoid body [EB])-induced differentiation, a common approach to mimic some of the spatial and temporal aspects of in vivo development, are affected by three factors: input hESC composition, input hESC colony size, and EB size. Using a microcontact printing approach, size-specified hESC colonies were formed by plating single-cell suspensions onto micropatterned (MP) extracellular matrix islands. Subsequently, size-controlled EBs were formed by transferring entire colonies into suspension culture enabling the independent investigation of colony and aggregate size effects on differentiation induction. Gene and protein expression analysis of MP-hESC populations revealed that the ratio of Gata6 (endoderm-associated marker) to Pax6 (neural-associated marker) expression increased with decreasing colony size. Moreover, upon forming EBs from these MP-hESCs, we observed that differentiation trajectories were affected by both colony and EB size-influenced parameters. In MP-EBs generated from endoderm-biased (high Gata6/Pax6) input hESCs, higher mesoderm and cardiac induction was observed at larger EB sizes. Conversely, neural-biased (low Gata6/Pax6) input hESCs generated MP-EBs that exhibited higher cardiac induction in smaller EBs. Our analysis demonstrates that heterogeneity in hESC colony and aggregate size, typical in most differentiation strategies, produces subsets of appropriate conditions for differentiation into specific cell types. Moreover, our findings suggest that the local microenvironment modulates endogenous parameters that can be used to influence pluripotent cell differentiation trajectories.
Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.
Retracted: IFATS Collection: Selenium Induces Improvement of Stem Cell Behaviors in Human Adipose-Tissue Stromal Cells via SAPK/JNK and Stemness Acting Signals
Authors: Kim Jeong Hwan , Lee Mi Ran , Kim Jee Hun , Jee Min Ki , Kang Soo Kyung 
Published: June 2008

Abstract
The above article from Stem Cells, published online on 26 June 2008 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been retracted by agreement the Senior Editors of STEM CELLS, AlphaMed Press, and Wiley Periodicals, Inc. The retraction has been agreed upon following an investigation by the Committee on Research Integrity of Seoul National University and the Senior Editors of STEM CELLS.
By a preponderance of the evidence, the Committee concluded that this paper contained intentional manipulations, including fabrication or falsification. The Committee further concluded that data in Figures 2A and 4C are identical; that data presented in Figure 2A are identical to and fabricated from figures presented in four other papers published by Professor Kang; and that data presented in Figure 2B are identical to and fabricated from a figure presented in one other paper published by Professor Kang.
IFATS Collection: Combinatorial Peptides Identify α5β1 Integrin as a Receptor for the Matricellular Protein SPARC on Adipose Stromal Cells
Authors: Nie Jing , Chang Benny , Traktuev Dmitry O. , Sun Jessica , March Keith , Chan Lawrence , Sage E. Helene , Pasqualini Renata , Arap Wadih , Kolonin Mikhail G. 
Published: June 2008

Abstract
The biological features of adipose stromal (stem) cells (ASC), which serve as progenitors for differentiated cells of white adipose tissue (WAT), are still largely undefined. In an initiative to identify functional ASC surface receptors, we screened a combinatorial library for peptide ligands binding to patient-derived ASC. We demonstrate that both primary and cultured human and mouse stromal cells express a conserved receptor targeted by peptides found to mimic SPARC, a matricellular protein that is required for normal WAT development. A signaling receptor for SPARC has not as yet been determined. By using the SPARC-mimicking peptides CMLAGWIPC (termed hPep) and CWLGEWLGC (termed mPep), isolated by panning on human and mouse cells, respectively, we identified the α5β1 integrin complex as a candidate receptor for SPARC. On the basis of these results, we evaluated ASC responses to SPARC or SPARC-mimicking peptide exposure. Our results suggest that extracellular SPARC binds to α5β1 integrin at sites of focal adhesions, an interaction disrupting firm attachment of ASC to extracellular matrix. We propose that SPARC-mediated mobilization of ASC through its effect on α5β1 integrin complex provides a functional basis for the regulation of WAT body composition by SPARC. We also show that α5β1 integrin is a potential target for ASC-selective intracellular delivery of bioactive peptides and gene therapy vectors directed by the SPARC-mimicking peptides.
Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.
MicroRNA Discovery and Profiling in Human Embryonic Stem Cells by Deep Sequencing of Small RNA Libraries
Authors: Bar Merav , Wyman Stacia K. , Fritz Brian R. , Qi Junlin , Garg Kavita S. , Parkin Rachael K. , Kroh Evan M. , Bendoraite Ausra , Mitchell Patrick S. , Nelson Angelique M. , Ruzzo Walter L. , Ware Carol , Radich Jerald P. , Gentleman Robert , Ruohola-Baker Hannele , Tewari Muneesh 
Published: June 2008

Abstract
We used massively parallel pyrosequencing to discover and characterize microRNAs (miRNAs) expressed in human embryonic stem cells (hESC). Sequencing of small RNA cDNA libraries derived from undifferentiated hESC and from isogenic differentiating cultures yielded a total of 425,505 high-quality sequence reads. A custom data analysis pipeline delineated expression profiles for 191 previously annotated miRNAs, 13 novel miRNAs, and 56 candidate miRNAs. Further characterization of a subset of the novel miRNAs in Dicer-knockdown hESC demonstrated Dicer-dependent expression, providing additional validation of our results. A set of 14 miRNAs (9 known and 5 novel) was noted to be expressed in undifferentiated hESC and then strongly downregulated with differentiation. Functional annotation analysis of predicted targets of these miRNAs and comparison with a null model using non-hESC-expressed miRNAs identified statistically enriched functional categories, including chromatin remodeling and lineage-specific differentiation annotations. Finally, integration of our data with genome-wide chromatin immunoprecipitation data on OCT4, SOX2, and NANOG binding sites implicates these transcription factors in the regulation of nine of the novel/candidate miRNAs identified here. Comparison of our results with those of recent deep sequencing studies in mouse and human ESC shows that most of the novel/candidate miRNAs found here were not identified in the other studies. The data indicate that hESC express a larger complement of miRNAs than previously appreciated, and they provide a resource for additional studies of miRNA regulation of hESC physiology.
Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.
A Novel Stem Cell Source for Vasculogenesis in Ischemia: Subfraction of Side Population Cells from Dental Pulp
Authors: Iohara Koichiro , Zheng Li , Wake Hiroaki , Ito Masataka , Nabekura Junichi , Wakita Hideaki , Nakamura Hiroshi , Into Takeshi , Matsushita Kenji , Nakashima Misako 
Published: June 2008

Abstract
Cell therapy with stem cells and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) to stimulate vasculogenesis as a potential treatment for ischemic disease is an exciting area of research in regenerative medicine. EPCs are present in bone marrow, peripheral blood, and adipose tissue. Autologous EPCs, however, are obtained by invasive biopsy, a potentially painful procedure. An alternative approach is proposed in this investigation. Permanent and deciduous pulp tissue is easily available from teeth after extraction without ethical issues and has potential for clinical use. We isolated a highly vasculogenic subfraction of side population (SP) cells based on CD31 and CD146, from dental pulp. The CD31−;CD146− SP cells, demonstrating CD34+ and vascular endothelial growth factor-2 (VEGFR2)/Flk1+, were similar to EPCs. These cells were distinct from the hematopoietic lineage as CD11b, CD14, and CD45 mRNA were not expressed. They showed high proliferation and migration activities and multilineage differentiation potential including vasculogenic potential. In models of mouse hind limb ischemia, local transplantation of this subfraction of SP cells resulted in successful engraftment and an increase in the blood flow including high density of capillary formation. The transplanted cells were in proximity of the newly formed vasculature and expressed several proangiogenic factors, such as VEGF-A, G-CSF, GM-CSF, and MMP3. Conditioned medium from this subfraction showed the mitogenic and antiapoptotic activity on human umbilical vein endothelial cells. In conclusion, subfraction of SP cells from dental pulp is a new stem cell source for cell-based therapy to stimulate angiogenesis/vasculogenesis during tissue regeneration.
Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.