bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Brief and Convergent Synthetic Route to Defucogilvocarcin M (I) Chromophore: The Formal Synthesis of WS‐5995 A (II) and C (III).
Authors: Patra Asit , Pahari Pallab , Ray Sutapa , Mal Dipakranjan 
Published: February 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
FR177391, a New anti‐Hyperlipidemic Agent from Serratia. Part 2. Pharmacological Activity of FR177391.
Authors: Inami Masamichi , et al. et al. 
Published: February 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
FR177391, a New anti‐Hyperlipidemic Agent from Serratia. Part 4. Target Identification and Validation by Chemical Genetic Approaches.
Authors: Yamaoka Makiko , Sato Kentaro , Kobayashi Motoo , Nishio Nobuya , Ohkubo Mitsuru , Fujii Takashi , Nakajima Hidenori 
Published: February 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Transformation of Nanoporous Oxoselenoantimonates into Sb2O3—Nanoribbons and Nanorods.
Authors: Sendor Dorota , Weirich Thomas , Simon Ulrich 
Published: February 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Promising Avenues of Research in Nanoscience: Chemistry of Semiconductor Nanoparticles
Authors: Gubin S. P. , Kataeva N. A. , Khomutov G. B. 
Published: February 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Coordination Chemistry and Functionalization of White Phosphorus via Transition Metal Complexes
Authors: Peruzzini Maurizio , Gonsalvi Luca , Romerosa Antonio 
Published: February 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Chiral and Helical Phase Transitions in Quasi‐1D Molecular Magnets
Authors: Cinti F. , Affronte M. , Lascialfari A. , Barucci M. , Olivieri E. , Pasca E. , Rettori A. , Risegari L. , Ventura G. , Pini M. G. , et al. et al. 
Published: February 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis and Reactivity of Difluoromethylene Bridged Diphospha‐Derivatives
Authors: Toetoes R. , Silaghi‐Dumitrescu I. 
Published: February 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Computer Modeling of Polysaccharide‐Polysaccharide Interactions
Authors: Taravel Francois R. , Mazeau Karim , Tvaroska Igor 
Published: February 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
6‐Hydrazinonicotinamide Derivatives as Bifunctional Coupling Agents for 99mTc‐Labeling of Small Biomolecules
Authors: Liu Shuang 
Published: February 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Derivatization in Mass Spectrometry. Part 5. Specific Derivatization of Monofunctional Compounds
Authors: Halket John M. , Zaikin Vladimir G. 
Published: February 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
In vivo cytometry: A spectrum of possibilities
Authors: Chung Alice , Karlan Scott , Lindsley Erik , Wachsmann‐Hogiu Sebastian , Farkas Daniel L. 
Published: February 2006

AbstractBackgroundWe investigate whether optical imaging can reliably detect abnormalities in tissue, in a range of specimens (live cells in vitro; fixed, fresh ex‐vivo and in vivo tissue), without the use of added contrast agents, and review our promising spectral methods for achieving quantitative, real‐time, high resolution intrasurgical optical diagnostics.MethodsWe use reflectance, fluorescence, two‐photon, and Mie scattering imaging, performed with instrumentation we developed or modified, to detect intrinsic tissue signatures. Emphasis is on spectral/hyperspectral imaging approaches allowing the equivalent of in vivo pathology.ResultsWith experimental focus on unstained specimens, we demonstrate the ability to segment tissue images for cancer detection. Spectral reflectance imaging, coupled with advanced analysis, typically yields 90% specificity and sensitivity. Autofluorescence is also shown to be diagnostically useful, with lymph nodes results highlighted here. Elastic scattering hyperspectral imaging endoscopy, using a new instrument we designed and built, shows promise in bronchoscopic detection of dysplasia and early cancer in patients.ConclusionsThe results demonstrate that advanced optical imaging can detect and localize cellular signatures of cancer in real‐time, in vivo, without the use of contrast agents, in animals and humans. This is an important step towards tight spatio‐temporal coupling between such detection and clinical intervention. © 2006 International Society for Analytical Cytology
Immune surveillance of the human central nervous system (CNS): Different migration pathways of immune cells through theblood–brain barrier and blood–cerebrospinal fluid barrier in healthy persons
Authors: Kleine Tilmann O. , Benes Ludwig 
Published: February 2006

AbstractBackground:Since for immune surveillance, only lymphocytes in the activated state are able to enter normal human central nervous system (CNS), available data are briefly reviewed to reveal lymphocyte transfer through blood‐brain barrier (bbb) and blood‐cerebrospinal fluid barrier (bCSFb).Methods:With immuno‐histochemical and ‐cytochemical methods, bbb was studied on brain microvessels and bCSFb on choroid plexus epithelium and microvessels. Lymphocyte transfer capacity on the barriers was determined with blood/CSF cell ratios revealed by quantified multicolour flow‐cytometry of CSF and blood sample pairs.Results:Four paths attenuated the restricted transfer of lymphocyte and NK cell subsets (none for B cells) through bbb and bCSFb, preferring memory cells in normal human brain, using different cell adhesion molecules (CAM). CAM pattern changed in choroid plexus where indication of lymphocyte recirculating from CSF into blood may exist in animal brains.Conclusions:Since efficiency of migration of blood‐borne lymphocytes into CSF across bbb or bCSFb of normal human brain is not fully revealed, further data are needed to understand the transfer of immune cells across the barriers in health and disease. © 2006 International Society for Analytical Cytology
Laser scanning cytometry in human brain slices
Authors: Mosch Birgit , Mittag Anja , Lenz Dominik , Arendt Thomas , Tárnok Attila 
Published: February 2006

AbstractBackgroundThe Laser Scanning Cytometry (LSC) offers quantitative fluorescence analysis of cell suspensions and tissue sections.MethodsWe adapted this technique to immunohistochemical labelled human brain slices.ResultsWe were able to identify neurons according to their labelling and to display morphological structures such as the lamination of the entorhinal cortex. Further, we were able to distinguish between neurons with and without cyclin B1 expression and we could assign the expression of cyclin B1 to the cell islands of layer II and the pyramidal neurons of layer V of the entorhinal cortex in Alzheimer's disease effected brain. In addition, we developed a method depicting the three‐dimensional distribution of the cells in intact tissue sections.ConclusionsIn this pilot experiments we could demonstrate the power of the LSC for the analysis of human brain sections. © 2006 International Society for Analytical Cytology
Ezetimib influences the expression of raft‐associated antigens in human monocytes
Authors: Orsó Evelyn , Werner Tobias , Wolf Zsuzsanna , Bandulik Sascha , Kramer Werner , Schmitz Gerd 
Published: February 2006

AbstractAminopeptidase N (CD13) was recently identified as a molecular target of the cholesterol absorption inhibitor Ezetimib. Regarding that CD13 is expressed in lipid rafts of monocytic cells, we have investigated whether Ezetimib influences raft function in these cells. Expression of raft‐associated antigens (CD11b, CD13, CD14, CD16, CD36, and CD64) was followed by flow cytometry and/or immunoblot in human monocyte‐derived macrophages in response to in vitro administration of Ezetimib. Cellular redistribution of CD13 was assessed by confocal imaging. Ezetimib significantly decreased the surface expression of CD13, CD16, CD64, and CD36; furthermore, it induced a shift of CD13 from plasma membrane to intracellular vesicles, and thus it quite likely modulated monocytic raft‐assembly. © 2006 International Society for Analytical Cytology
Regulation of surface CD163 expression and cellular effects of receptor mediated hemoglobin‐haptoglobin uptake on human monocytes and macrophages
Authors: Ugocsai Peter , Barlage Stefan , Dada Ashraf , Schmitz Gerd 
Published: February 2006

AbstractLocal dysregulation of iron metabolism is suggested to contribute to atherosclerotic lesion development through hemoglobin scavenging pathways. We evaluated the effects of CD163‐mediated uptake of hemoglobin‐haptoglobin (HbHp) complexes on surface CD163 and intracellular heme oxygenase‐1 expression and the secretion of pro‐ and antiinflammatory cytokines by macrophages. We found that increased availability of HbHp complexes triggers the upregulation of surface CD163, and also results in a dose‐dependent secretion of IL‐6 and IL‐10. © 2006 International Society for Analytical Cytology
Novel aspects of systems biology and clinical cytomics
Authors: Bocsi József , Mittag Anja , Sack Ulrich , Gerstner Andreas O. H. , Barten Markus J. , Tárnok Attila 
Published: February 2006

AbstractThe area of Cytomics and Systems Biology became of great impact during the last years. In some fields of the leading cytometric techniques it represents the cutting edge today. Many different applications/variations of multicolor staining were developed for flow‐ or slide‐based cytometric analysis of suspensions and sections to whole animal analysis. Multispectral optical imaging can be used for studying immunological and tumorigenic processes. New methods resulted in the establishment of lipidomics as the systemic research of lipids and their behavior. All of these development push the systemic approach of the analysis of biological specimens to enhance the outcome in the clinic and in drug discovery programs. © 2006 International Society for Analytical Cytology
Differential mechanisms of microparticle transfer toB cells and monocytes: anti‐inflammatory propertiesof microparticles
Authors: Köppler Barbara , Cohen Clemens , Schlöndorff Detlef , Mack Matthias 
Published: February 2006

AbstractMicroparticles are small vesicles released from the plasma membrane of various cell types independently of apoptosis or cell death, are transferred between cells, and carry membrane proteins from one cell to another. We have studied the mechanism of uptake of microparticles by monocytes and B cells. The transfer of microparticles to B cells was almost completely dependent on complement. Incubation of microparticles with serum resulted in opsonization of microparticles with the complement cleavage product iC3b. The subsequent transfer to B cells was mediated by the complement receptor CR2. The interaction between iC3b‐opsonized microparticles and B cells reduced the activation of B cells as measured by expression of MHC class II, CD86 and CD25. In contrast, transfer of microparticles to monocytes was only partially complement dependent, but involved calcium and annexin V, and was found to change the cytokine profile of monocytes towards a reduced release of the pro‐inflammatory cytokines GM‐CSF and TNF‐α and an increased release of the anti‐inflammatory cytokine IL‐10. These data show that microparticles are taken up by B cells and monocytes by different mechanisms and modulate the activation of monocytes and B cells towards an anti‐inflammatory phenotype. Microparticles might be involved in counterbalancing pro‐inflammatory signals arising from tissue injury or inflammation.
Differential roles for CXCR3 in CD4+ and CD8+ T cell trafficking following viral infection of the CNS
Authors: Stiles Linda N. , Hosking Martin P. , Edwards Robert A. , Strieter Robert M. , Lane Thomas E. 
Published: February 2006

AbstractLymphocyte infiltration into the central nervous system (CNS) following viral infection represents an important component of host defense and is required for control of viral replication. However, the mechanisms governing inflammation in response to viral infection of the CNS are not well understood. Following intracranial (i.c.) infection of susceptible mice with mouse hepatitis virus (MHV), mice develop an acute encephalomyelitis followed by a chronic demyelinating disease. The CXC chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10) is expressed following MHV infection and signals T cells to migrate into the CNS. The functional contribution of the CXCL10 receptor CXCR3 in host defense and disease in response to MHV infection was evaluated. The majority of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells infiltrating the CNS following MHV infection express CXCR3. Administration of anti‐CXCR3 antibody reduced CD4+ T cell infiltration (p⩽0.05), while CD8+ T cell trafficking was not affected. Anti‐CXCR3 treatment during chronic disease correlated with improved motor skills and reduced demyelination. The selective effect of anti‐CXCR3 treatment on CD4+ T cells was not the result of either reduced proliferation or modulation in chemokine receptor gene expression. Therefore, CXCR3 signaling has a non‐redundant role in T cell subset trafficking in response to viral infection.
Ursolic acid and other pentacyclic triterpenoids stimulate intestinal alkaline sphingomyelinase in vitro
Authors: Andersson David , Nilsson Åke , Duan Rui‐Dong 
Published: February 2006

AbstractPurpose: Alkaline sphingomyelinase (alk‐SMase) is an enzyme that hydrolyses sphingomyelin in a bile salt‐dependent manner in the gastrointestinal tract, and has been proposed as an inhibitor of colon carcinogenesis. Ursolic acid (UA) is a plant‐derived pentacyclic triterpenoid that has been shown to have anti‐proliferative and apoptotic effects on HT29 human colon adenocarcinoma cells, with activation of alk‐SMase as an early event. The aim of this study was to study the in vitro effects of UA and its analogues on the activity of purified rat intestinal alk‐SMase. Methods: Rat intestinal alk‐SMase activity was determined after incubation with UA in the presence and absence of taurocholate (TC). The effect was compared with boswellic acids, another group of pentacyclic triterpenoids. Results: UA enhanced the activity of rat intestinal alk‐SMase in a dose‐dependent manner, without a similar effect on bacterial neutral SMase. Four types of boswellic acid also increased the enzyme activity, with the effect of acetyl‐keto‐β‐boswellic acid being most potent. Activation of alk‐SMase by TC at a low concentration (0.4 mM), but not at a high concentration, was enhanced by UA. Conclusions: Ursolic acid and four types of boswellic acid, all pentacyclic triterpenoids, have a stimulatory effect on the activity of intestinal alk‐SMase.
Cover Picture: Chromophore‐Supported Purification in Parallel Synthesis (Eur. J. Org. Chem. 5/2006)
Authors: Aumüller Ingo , Lindhorst Thisbe K. 
Published: February 2006

AbstractThe cover picture shows an example of parallel column chromatography, which is part of a methodology that is called “chromophore‐supported purification” (CSP). This approach speeds up the separation of products and by‐products in parallel synthesis. CSP is based on the introduction of a suitable azulene dervative into the starting materials used in a synthetic sequence or parallel reaction. The azulene moiety serves as a chromophore and as a protecting group. This approach has facilitated the structural diversification of carbohydrate ligands, for example, as presented in the Short Communication by I. Aumüller and T. Lindhorst on p. 1103 ff.
Human endothelial cells inhibit BMSC differentiation into mature osteoblasts in vitro by interfering with osterix expression
Authors: Meury Thomas , Verrier Sophie , Alini Mauro 
Published: February 2006

AbstractIt is well accepted, that there is communication between osteoblasts and endothelial cells. However, the influence of endothelial cells on the differentiation of bone precursors into mature osteoblasts is not yet well understood. We therefore studied the effect of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) on human bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC) differentiation towards an osteoblastic phenotype by culturing them in two different types of HUVEC‐BMSC cultures (indirect contact, HUVEC‐conditioned medium). Typical bone markers (45Ca incorporation, ALP activity, and gene expression of collagen 1 (COL1), osteonectin (ON), matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP‐13), bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP‐2)) and transcription factors (Runx2, osterix (OSX)) were evaluated at different time points. The effect of stimulating HUVEC with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) before co‐cultures with BMSC was also evaluated. As expected, BMSC in osteogenic medium (OM) (with dexamethasone) differentiated towards the osteoblastic phenotype, as measured by increased matrix mineralization, high ALP activity, and elevated expression of specific osteoblastic marker genes, when compared to BMSC in non‐OM. HUVEC reversibly inhibited osteoblastic differentiation of BMSC in OM, independent of the co‐culture type. When HUVEC were removed from the cultures, BMSC differentiated into osteoblasts, albeit at a faster rate than BMSC that were never co‐cultured with HUVEC. Stimulation of HUVEC with VEGF before co‐culture enhanced the inhibitory effect of HUVEC on BMSC differentiation. This inhibitory effect was connected to a reversible suppression of OSX gene expression and was specific to endothelial cells. We conclude that HUVEC can inhibit dexamethasone‐induced BMSC differentiation into osteoblasts in vitro, by interfering with OSX expression, thereby arresting BMSC differentiation at a preosteoblastic stage. J. Cell. Biochem. 98: 992–1006, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A comparative theoretical study of dipeptide solvation in water
Authors: Hugosson Håkan W. , Laio Alessandro , Maurer Patrick , Rothlisberger Ursula 
Published: February 2006

AbstractMolecular dynamics studies have been performed on the zwitterionic form of the dipeptide glycine–alanine in water, with focus on the solvation and electrostatic properties using a range of theoretical methods, from purely classical force fields, through mixed quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical simulations, to fully quantum mechanical Car–Parrinello calculations. The results of these studies show that the solvation pattern is similar for all methods used for most atoms in the dipeptide, but can differ substantially for some groups; namely the carboxy and aminoterminii, and the backbone amid NH group. This might have implications in other theoretical studies of peptides and proteins with charged —NH and —CO side chains solvated in water. Hybrid quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical simulations successfully reproduce the solvation patterns from the fully quantum mechanical simulations (PACS numbers: 87.14.Ee, 87.15.Aa, 87.15.He, 71.15.Pd). © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 27:672–684, 2006
Comparison of promoter region constructs forin vivointramuscular expression
Authors: Fabre Emmanuelle E. , Bigey Pascal , Orsini Cécile , Scherman Daniel 
Published: February 2006

AbstractBackgroundHigh transgene expression is generally expected after gene transfer. However, different level, kinetics and localization of expression might be needed for relevant therapeutic applications. Former studies have compared various promoter regions driving gene expression leading to conflicting results. In the present work, two promoter families have been compared using the efficientin vivointramuscular electrotransfer technique.MethodsThree promoter regions were constructed by associating the strong ubiquitous cytomegalovirus (CMV) enhancer‐promoter to its homologous intron A or to a heterologous intron, or to a hybrid intron. Promoter regions derived from the muscle creatine kinase (MCK) promoter were also studied. The expression of the same transgene (SeAP or neurotrophin‐3) under control of these different promoters was compared after plasmid electrotransfer in mouse tibialis‐cranialis skeletal muscle.ResultsHeterologous intron association to the CMV promoter did not modify gene expression kinetics nor increase gene expression level. Usefulness of intron A or hybrid intron association to the CMV promoter depended on the gene. The various MCK promoters drove efficient gene expression but lower than that obtained with the CMV promoter. Furthermore, peak value was reached earlier with MCK promoter regions (14 days).ConclusionFor applications of gene transfer restricted to skeletal muscle, the MCK promoter or a MCK promoter variant would be a promising alternative to the CMV promoter. Indeed, it has been demonstrated that the use of MCK promoter limits humoral and cell‐mediated immune responses. Furthermore, the MCK promoter decreases the initial expression peak that may be detrimental, drives a sustained gene expression, and improves gene transfer safety. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Phase transition of L‐Ser monohydrate crystal studied by 13C solid‐state NMR
Authors: Kameda Tsunenori , Teramoto Hidetoshi 
Published: February 2006

AbstractWe used gravimetric analysis (GA) and 13C solid‐state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to study solid‐phase transition from the transparent single crystal of L‐serine (L‐Ser) monohydrate to a turbid powder. We found that L‐Ser monohydrate loses water molecules and transforms into an anhydrate, thus experimentally demonstrating Frey's assumption (Acta Cryst., B29, 876, 1973). Application of a handmade cross‐polarization (CP) NMR probe with a saddle‐type coil to the oriented crystal of the L‐Ser monohydrate revealed the dehydration mechanism. Furthermore, the chemical shift tensor components of the carboxyl carbon in L‐Ser monohydrate were determined. The difference in the tensor component of δ22 between the monohydrate and anhydrate forms was more than 7 ppm, probably owing to differences in the hydrogen‐bonding structure of each form. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.