bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research on predicting hematoma expansion in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage based on deep features of the VGG-19 network
Authors: Wu Fa , Wang Peng , Yang Huimin , Wu Jie , Liu Yi , Yang Yulin , Zuo Zhiwei , Wu Tingting , Li Jianghao 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To construct a clinical noncontrastive computed tomography (NCCT) deep learning joint model for predicting early hematoma expansion (HE) after cerebral hemorrhage (sICH) and evaluate its predictive performance.

Methods
All 254 patients with primary cerebral hemorrhage from January 2017 to December 2022 in the General Hospital of the Western Theater Command were included. According to the criteria of hematoma enlargement exceeding 33% or the volume exceeding 6 ml, the patients were divided into the HE group and the hematoma non-enlargement (NHE) group. Multiple models and the 10-fold cross-validation method were used to screen the most valuable features and model the probability of predicting HE. The area under the curve (AUC) was used to analyze the prediction efficiency of each model for HE.

Results
They were randomly divided into a training set of 204 cases in an 8:2 ratio and 50 cases of the test set. The clinical imaging deep feature joint model (22 features) predicted the area under the curve of HE as follows: clinical Navie Bayes model AUC 0.779, traditional radiology logistic regression (LR) model AUC 0.818, deep learning LR model AUC 0.873, and clinical NCCT deep learning multilayer perceptron model AUC 0.921.

Conclusion
The combined clinical imaging deep learning model has a high predictive effect for early HE in sICH patients, which is helpful for clinical individualized assessment of the risk of early HE in sICH patients.
Nondilutive CoCo Bonds: A Necessary Evil?
Authors: Gamba Andrea , Gong Joe Yanxiong , Ma Kebin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Banks predominantly issue nondilutive CoCos, contrary to the suggestion that CoCos should be dilutive to reduce risk-taking. In an agency model of two moral hazards, we show that, although dilutive CoCos deter ex ante risk-taking and prevent banks from being undercapitalized, penalizing shareholders of a distressed bank with dilution leads to ex post risk-shifting. CoCos’ design and risk implications depend on bank capitalization: equity-constrained banks prefer nondilutive CoCos because they maximize the financing capacity by tackling ex post risk shifting only. Nondilutive CoCos can be used to implement the constrained social optimum for highly leveraged banks, and regulators can induce appropriate CoCo designs with capital regulations. (JEL G21, G28)
Impact of body composition on clinical outcomes in patients with active radiographic axial spondyloarthritis under biological therapy
Authors: Rios Rodriguez Valeria , Torgutalp Murat , Proft Fabian , Rademacher Judith , Protopopov Mikhail , Spiller Laura , Haibel Hildrun , Sieper Joachim , Poddubnyy Denis 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objective
To assess the association of body composition (BC), evaluated by bioimpedance analysis (BIA), with disease activity, physical function and mobility in patients with axSpA undergoing bDMARD treatment for one year.

Methods
Patients with AS (radiographic axSpA) were enrolled in an extension of the German Spondyloarthritis Inception Cohort (GESPIC). Patients were required to be candidates for bDMARD therapy at baseline presenting high disease activity despite previous treatment with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Outcomes (disease activity, function and mobility) and BC parameters were assessed at baseline and every 6 months thereafter. The association between BC parameters and outcomes over 1 year was analysed using longitudinal generalized estimating equations.

Results
Seventy-four patients with radiographic axSpA were included in current analysis with a mean age of 36.5 years, disease duration of 6.2 years and Axial Spondyloarthritis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS) of 3.4 at baseline. Fat mass value and fat mass index were positively associated with disease activity (ASDAS: ß = 0.012, 95% CI [−0.003, 0.027] and ß = 0.035, 95% CI [−0.010, 0.081], respectively) and functional disability (BASFI: ß = 0.037, 95% CI [0.004, 0.070] and ß = 0.125, 95% CI [0.031, 0.219], respectively). Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) was associated with reduced spine mobility (BASMI: ß = 0.20, 95% CI [0.07, 0.33]). Additionally, increase in VAT and fat mass parameters was linked to worse disease activity and functional disability in women, while they were strongly associated with reduced spinal mobility in men.

Conclusion
Higher levels of body fat and VAT were positively associated with increased disease activity, functional disability, and reduced spinal mobility in patients with radiographic axSpA treated with bDMARDs.
Evaluation of Epiconus and Conus Medullaris Disorders due to Thoracolumbar Vertebral Fracture using Motor-evoked Potentials
Authors: Kamei Naosuke , Nakamae Toshio , Maruyama Toshiaki , Nakao Kazuto , Farid Fadlyansyah , Fukui Hiroki , Adachi Nobuo 
Published: March 2024

Study Design.
A retrospective case-control study.

Objective.
To characterize the motor evoked potential (MEP) when the epiconus or conus medullaris is compressed by a fracture of the T12 or L1 vertebra.

Summary of Background Data.
Although the characteristics of compressive cervical and thoracic myelopathy with transcranial magnetic stimulation MEP have been reported, the MEP parameters in compressive disorders of the epiconus and conus medullaris have not yet been characterized.

Methods.
Twenty patients with T12 or L1 vertebral fractures who had lower extremity symptoms due to compression of the epiconus or conus medullaris were included. These patients were compared with 28 healthy controls and 32 patients with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy (CSR) without spinal cord compression. MEPs of abductor hallucis muscles were recorded using transcranial magnetic stimulation and electrical stimulation of the tibial nerve. MEP latency, central motor conduction time (CMCT), and peripheral conduction time (PCT) were evaluated.

Results.
MEP latency, CMCT, and PCT were significantly longer in patients with fractures than in healthy controls and patients with CSR. MEP latency was most accurate for differentiating patients with fracture from healthy controls (cutoff value, 40.0 ms, sensitivity, 95.0%; specificity, 100%), and CMCT was most accurate for comparing patients with fracture and CSR (cutoff value, 15.5 ms, sensitivity, 80.0%; specificity, 93.8%). In the distinction between patients with fracture and CSR, 16 of the 20 patients with fracture exceeded the cutoff values for any of the parameters, and 12 of them exceeded the cutoff values for all parameters. There was no significant correlation between the linear distance from the most inferior end of the spinal cord to the site of compression and any of the MEP parameters.

Conclusion.
Both CMCT and PCT are often prolonged in compressive lesions of the epiconus and conus medullaris, and MEP latency and CMCT are useful in the diagnosis.
The Effect of Childhood Obesity on Intraocular Pressure, Corneal Biomechanics, Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer, and Central Macular Thickness
Authors: Aydin Eroglu Sayime , Akyuz Unsal Ayse Ipek , Verdi Furkan , Kurt Omurlu Imran , Unuvar Tolga , Anik Ahmet 
Published: March 2024

Précis:
Elevated corneal hysteresis (CH) and resistance factor (CRF) in obese and overweight children imply weight’s effect on corneal biomechanics. Increased Goldmann-correlated intraocular pressure (IOPg) in obese children indicates glaucoma risk, emphasizing screening for IOP and retinal changes.

Purpose:
To evaluate the effect of obesity on corneal biomechanics, retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), and central macular thickness (CMT) in children.

Patients and Methods:
In this prospective, cross-sectional, comparative study, 146 eyes of normal-weight, over-weight, and obese children aged between 6 to 17 years were evaluated. The IOPg, corneal compensated IOP (IOPcc), CH, CRF, and the average retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), average cup-to-disk ratio (c/d), and central macular thickness (CMT) were measured by Ocular Response Analyser and Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT), respectively.

Results:
There was no statistically significant difference regarding age, gender, IOPcc, average RNFL thickness, c/d ratio, and CMT among the groups (P≥0.05). The IOPg was significantly higher in obese children compared with normal-weight children, while CH and CRF values were significantly higher in both obese and over-weight children compared with healthy ones (P<0.05). There was a positive correlation between BMI percentile and IOPg, CH, and CRF values.

Conclusion:
In our study, higher IOPg, corneal hysteresis, and corneal resistance factor values suggest that obese children could be potential candidates for glaucoma. Therefore, it would be appropriate to screen them for IOP and retinal alterations. Further investigations with larger sample size and longer follow-up are needed to understand the risk of glaucoma in obese children.
Gonioscopy-Assisted Transluminal Trabeculotomy in Uveitis-Related Ocular Hypertension and Glaucoma
Authors: Bouhout Soumaya , Bachour Kenan , Harasymowycz Paul , Jaworski Laurence , Wang Qianqian , Durr Georges M. 
Published: March 2024

Précis:
Gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy (GATT) may be an effective first-line surgery for decreasing intraocular pressure (IOP) and medication burden in patients with uveitis-related ocular hypertension (OHT) or glaucoma.

Objective:
The purpose of the study is to determine the efficacy of GATT in lowering IOP in uveitis-related OHT or glaucoma.

Methods:
Retrospective case series that included patients with uveitis-related OHT or glaucoma who underwent GATT with or without concomitant cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation at 2 Canadian academic centres from July 2018 to May 2022. Primary outcomes were: complete (no medications) and qualified success (with medication), and failure defined as (1) IOP >21 mm Hg with maximal medical therapy, (2) the need for additional glaucoma procedure, (3) loss of light perception secondary to glaucoma, and (4) IOP <6 mm Hg for 3 months.

Results:
Twenty-one eyes from 18 patients were included with a mean preoperative IOP of 26.2 ± 7.3 mm Hg on 4.3 ± 0.7 classes of glaucoma drops. The average follow-up was 29.2 ± 17.6 months and 76% of eyes (n = 16) had reached at least 12 months of follow-up. At the 12-month follow-up visit, there was a significant decrease in average IOP by 9.9 ± 7.9 mm Hg (38%, P = 0.005) and a decrease of 1.9 in glaucoma medication classes (P = 0.002). Of eyes, 14% achieved complete success, whereas 80% of eyes achieved qualified success. Six eyes failed (29%) and 5 patients (24%) required additional glaucoma surgery. The most common postoperative complication was hyphema (n = 9; 43%).

Conclusion:
This small case series suggests that GATT may be an effective first-line surgery for decreasing IOP and medication burden in patients with uveitis-related OHT or glaucoma. Further studies with longer follow-ups should be conducted to assess its long-term outcomes.
Suspicious Papule on Lower Vermillion Border
Authors: Patrick Genevieve , Melchor Julian , Pascoe David , Derosier Chris , Stewart David 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
Molluscum contagiosum (MC) is a highly contagious, cutaneous infection caused by a double-stranded DNA poxvirus. Mollusca are characterized by a firm, dome-shaped, flesh-colored, pearly papule with a white, umbilicated center. Generally, lesions occur in clusters and range in size from 1 to 5 millimeters. Although unusual and infrequent, MC occurring in an epidermal inclusion cyst has been reported.
This case involves an 83-year-old woman with a flesh-colored, slightly tender papule on the right lower vermillion border, which had been enlarging over several months. Histopathology showed prominent molluscum bodies present in the adjacent epidermis and focally lining the central epidermal cyst.
The findings observed in this case support the hypothesized pathophysiological co-inoculation theory for the development of molluscum-infected epidermal inclusion cysts. This is clinically significant given the infectivity of cyst contents and the potential for direct inoculation of the cyst. Given its rarity, treatment protocols for epidermal inclusion cysts containing MC have not been established. However, management requires care to avoid viral transmission.
Speech and Language Development, Hearing, and Feeding in Patients With Genetically Confirmed Crouzon Syndrome With Acanthosis Nigricans: A 36-Year Longitudinal Retrospective Review of Patients at the Oxford Craniofacial Unit
Authors: Kilcoyne Sarah , Scully Paula , Overton Sarah , Brockbank Sally , Thomas Gregory P.L. , Ching Rosanna C. , Jayamohan Jayaratnam , Ramsden James D. , Jones Jon , Wilkie Andrew O.M. , Johnson David 
Published: March 2024

Objective:
Crouzon syndrome with acanthosis nigricans (CAN) is caused by the specific mutation c.1172C>A (p.Ala391Glu) in the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 gene, and has an estimated prevalence of 1:1,000,000 births. Most cases occur de novo; however, autosomal dominant inheritance may occur. The clinical presentation typically includes craniosynostosis, midface and maxillary hypoplasia, choanal atresia/stenosis, hydrocephalus, and intracranial hypertension. Patients develop acanthosis nigricans, a hyperkeratotic skin disorder. The authors present the first known study to investigate the speech, language, hearing, and feeding of patients with CAN.

Methods:
A retrospective case-note review of patients with a genetically confirmed diagnosis of CAN attending the Oxford Craniofacial Unit during a 36-year period (1987–2023) was undertaken.

Results:
Participants were 6 patients with genetically-confirmed CAN (5 females, 1 male), all cases arose de novo. All patients had craniosynostosis (n = 5/6 multisuture synostosis, n = 1/6 left unicoronal synostosis). Hydrocephalus was managed through ventriculoperitoneal shunt in 67% (n = 4/6) of patients, and 67% (n = 4/6) had a Chiari 1 malformation. Patients had a complex, multifactorial feeding history complicated by choanal atresia/stenosis (100%; n = 6/6), and significant midface hypoplasia. All patients required airway management through tracheostomy (83%; n = 5/6); and/or continuous positive airway pressure (67%; n = 4/6). All patients underwent adenotonsillectomy (100%; n = 6/6). Initial failure to thrive, low weight, and/or height were seen in 100% (n = 6/6) patients; 80% (n = 4/5) had reflux; 100% (n = 6/6) had nasogastric, or percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy based feeding during their treatment journey. All patients had hearing loss (100%; n = 6/6). Early communication difficulties were common: receptive language disorder (50%; n = 3/6); expressive language disorder (50%; n = 3/6); and speech sound disorder in 50% (n = 3/6)—necessitating the use of Makaton in 80% of patients (n = 3/5).

Conclusions:
Patients with CAN experience significant respiratory, neurological, and structural obstacles to hearing, speech, language, and feeding. The authors present a recommended pathway for management to support patients in these domains.
SimMiL: Simulating Microbiome Longitudinal Data
Authors: Weaver Nicholas E , Hendricks Audrey 
Published: March 2024

0.Structured AbstractMotivationThe quantity of statistical tools designed for omics data analysis has grown rapidly with the ability to collect large sets of human health data, particularly longitudinal data sets. Most tools are assessed for performance using simulated datasets constructed to mimic a handful of relevant characteristics from real world data sets. Consequently, the simulated data sets, and their respective simulation frameworks, are too narrow in scope to qualify as a standard for assessment in longitudinal omics analyses.ResultsHere we present the flexible and accessible simulation framework and software package called SimMiL (SimulatingMicrobiomeLongitudinal data) capturing three general components of longitudinal microbiome data: (i) absence/presence of microbes, (ii) individual microbe abundance, and (iii) microbiome community composition over time. The framework is assessed by replicating the Type I error and Power analyses of a broad range of statistical tools (MirKAT, repeated measures permANOVA, and a modified kernel association test).Software AvaliabilityThe simulation framework is athttps://github.com/nweaver111/SimMiL
Seaweed Amino Acid and L-Amino Acid Improve Coriander Growth
Authors: Chen Xingqiang , Shang Zheng , Chen Haidong , Wan Shulin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the impact of Seaweed amino acid (SG) and L-amino acid (LG) treatments on the growth and root development of coriander plants compared to a control group (CG). The results from Figure 1 illustrate a significant increase in biomass and foliage density for the SG and LG groups, suggesting an enhanced nutritional uptake resulting from these amino acid treatments. Both SG and LG treatments produced more vigorous growth and higher plant height compared to the CG, which received only water. Additionally, a closer inspection of coriander root systems in Figure 2 reveals an improvement in root biomass and architecture, indicating that both SG and LG applications contribute positively to root development, potentially enhancing plant resilience and yield. While both treatments showed comparable effects on root morphology, further research is required to determine if one has superior long-term benefits over the other. The findings point towards the efficacy of using amino acid treatments as bio-stimulants in agricultural practices to improve crop yield, especially in challenging growth conditions such as those found in Guangzhou, China.
A Holistic Approach to Cognitive Frailty in Community-dwelling Older Adults in India: Evidence from a Nationally Representative Survey
Authors: Das Sayani , Pooley Emma , Holland Carol 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackground:Cognitive frailty (CF), a complex intersection of physical frailty (PF) and cognitive impairment (CI), remains inadequately explored in the Indian context. Given its potential link to dementia and reversible characteristics, this study aims to understand the national-level prevalence of CF, its regional variations, and its holistic association with socio-demographic, physical, psychosocial, and lifestyle factors.Methods:The present study employed data from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI-Wave-I), a nationally representative survey that included 27,379 individuals (13,293 men and 14,086 women) aged 60+. CF was defined as the presence of both PF and CI without dementia. PF was assessed using the modified Community-Oriented Frailty Index, comprising a 20-item deficits frailty index. CI was evaluated using the composite score, which considered five cognitive domains and seven difficulties with IADL. To investigate the association between the outcome variable (CF) and predictor variables (socio-demographic, physical, psychosocial, and lifestyle factors), the study utilised stepwise binary logistic regression (backward elimination) and presented the results as adjusted odds ratios (AOR) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals.Results:The overall prevalence of CF amongst those aged 60+ was found to be 4.5%, with higher rates evident in the Western (6.2%) and Southern (5.3%) regions. Several factors exhibited significant associations with CF (p < 0.01), including being aged 80 and above (AOR 4.7, 95% CI: 3.9–5.6), being female (AOR 1.6, 95% CI: 1.4–1.9), and having less than primary education (AOR 15.3, 95% CI: 7.2–32.5, p < 0.01). Mobility impairment (AOR 6.7, 95% CI: 4.7–9.8) also exhibited a strong effect on CF. Psychosocial factors, such as low social participation (AOR 2.1, 95% CI: 1.8–2.4), major depression (AOR 1.7, 95% CI: 1.4–2.0), sleep problems (AOR 1.6, 95% CI: 1.4–1.9), and low life satisfaction (AOR 1.4, 95% CI: 1.2–1.6), were also found to have significant associations with CF.Conclusions:This pioneering study outlines the prevalence of CF in India, revealing elevated rates among the community-dwelling population aged over 60 compared to global figures, accompanied by notable regional variations, and underscores the importance of future longitudinal data and targeted investigations for informing policy implications.
Online information retrieval self-efficacy of library professionals: a predictor of patrons’ satisfaction in university libraries
Authors: Rasheed Tariq , Ahmed Shamshad 
Published: March 2024

Purpose
The primary purpose of this study was to check the online information retrieval self-efficacy among library professionals in predicting the satisfaction of patrons within universities’ libraries.

Design/methodology/approach
The study was grounded on Bandura four sources of self-efficacy, encompassing mastery experience, vicarious experience, social persuasion and physiological states. To accomplish this, a meticulously designed questionnaire was administered to collect data from library professionals employed in universities libraries recognized by the Higher Education Commission in Punjab and capital city of Pakistan (Islamabad). Following by the validation of assumptions, researchers conducted a multiple linear regression test to predict the outcomes of the dependent variable by using the independents variables. Additionally, a comparative evaluation was carried out among all the independent variables to determine their respective contributions to satisfaction of library patrons.

Findings
The results emphasized the distinct and substantial significance of three variables, physiological states, social feedback and mastery experience in predicting the satisfaction of library patrons. Nevertheless, vicarious experience did not demonstrate a significant influence on the satisfaction of library patrons. Furthermore, influence of physiological states on the improvement of library patrons’ satisfaction was relatively higher compared to other three self-efficacy sources. In conclusion, research established the essential role of online information retrieval self-efficacy in enhancing the satisfaction of library patrons.

Practical implications
The findings of the study can form a solid basis for devising academic programs to train the library professionals for effective utilization of various information systems and databases. These programs play an important role in improving the self-efficacy of library professionals, ultimately refining their skills in online information retrieval.

Originality/value
In essence, this study provides insights into the factors which are pivotal in effective information searching process, ultimately leading to increase the satisfaction level of library patrons which has not been previously researched in Pakistan as well as the world context. Moreover, the study significance lies in contribute to academic discourse, its potential to transform and promote the library services and as well as empower library professionals in delivering the satisfying and efficient experience for library patrons in the current digital age.