bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Manufacturing disruption costs due to quality loss
Authors: Tannock James , Saelem Sittichai 
Published: March 2007

PurposeMany authors have suggested that disruption and associated costs result from poor quality performance in manufacturing. The purpose of this paper is to define and quantify the disruption costs associated with a simple manufacturing scenario using a simulation approach.Design/methodology/approachA manufacturing cell incorporating inspection and rework was simulated, and a validation exercise carried out. Using results from the simulation study, the authors then formulate the concept of a cost category for disruption cost, which is compatible with the traditional prevention‐appraisal‐failure (PAF) model for quality costs.FindingsComparative graphs of disruption costs and PAF costs elements are presented. The simulated disruption cost is compared with these traditional costs categories, and found to represent a significant additional cost at higher levels of non‐conformance.Research limitations/implicationsThe results presented in this paper are derived from a discrete‐event simulation exercise, using a model of a simplified generic manufacturing cell. They are believed to be indicative of costs that would occur in practical situations, but are not validated with empirical data. Further work would include such validation.Practical implicationsThis is a theoretical paper, which attempts to extend a useful and well established cost model that has been widely accepted in industry.Originality/valueThe originality of this paper lies in the definition of the concept of disruption cost, as a separate category of quality cost. The simulation work indicates the potential size and behaviour of the disruption cost, compared with the traditional PAF costs categories.
The new mission of a new i‐school
Authors: Seadle Michael 
Published: March 2007

PurposeTo discuss the mission statement for the Institute of Library and Information Sciences at Humboldt University in Berlin.Design/methodology/approachThe article examines other i‐school mission statements to find the key common elements.FindingsConnections between people, technology, and information represent common themes of i‐school missions.Originality/valueThe Institute's mission statement is still being discussed. This analysis offers one viewpoint for the final conception.
Intellectual property rights
Authors: Spinello Richard A. 
Published: March 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of intellectual property justifications and the basics of intellectual property law.Design/methodology/approachThe paper examines intellectual property rights, discussing such areas as: copyright protection, patents, trademarks, trade secrets and common and current misconceptions.FindingsOverprotection can be as damaging as underprotection because of the harm to the intellectual commons. The ideal property rights regime is one that prudently seeks balance.Originality/valueAdvises that the goal of the legal system should be the provision of just enough protection to reward creative workers for their labor and to spur future innovation. At the same time, it is necessary to avoid overly strong protection that will deplete the intellectual commons or unduly restrict its expansion, and thereby fail to promote social welfare.
Regulating cyberspace: concepts and controversies
Authors: Tavani Herman T. 
Published: March 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of some issues and controversies surrounding arguments for regulating cyberspace.Design/methodology/approachThe paper begins with a brief investigation of some background questions such as “What is cyberspace?” and “What is meant by ‘regulation’?” It then considers some distinctions between descriptive and normative aspects of questions involving internet regulation. Next, the paper examines Lawrence Lessig's model, which describes four modes of regulation that can be applied to cyberspace. The paper then considers some recent controversies that have emerged because of “regulation by code” and the “privatization of information policy.”FindingsCyberspace regulation raises ethical concerns.Research limitations/implicationsInternet regulation is evolving.Originality/valueThe way cyberspace is viewed, either as a “place” or as a “medium,” affects how it will be regulated.
Privacy
Authors: Kemp Randy , Moore Adam D. 
Published: March 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide a survey piece on the concept of privacy and the justification of privacy rights.Design/methodology/approachThis article reviews each of the following areas: a brief history of privacy; philosophical definitions of privacy along with specific critiques; legal conceptions of privacy, including the history of privacy protections granted in constitutional and tort law; and general critiques of privacy protections both moral and legal.FindingsA primary goal of this article has been to provide an overview of the most important philosophical and legal issues related to privacy. While privacy is difficult to define and has been challenged on legal and moral grounds, it is a cultural universal and has played an important role in the formation of Western liberal democracies.Originality/valueThe paper provides a general overview of the issues and debates that frame this lively area of scholarly inquiry. By facilitating a wider engagement and input from numerous communities and disciplines, it is the authors' hope to advance scholarly debate in this important area.
RFID security concerns
Authors: Muir Scott 
Published: March 2007

PurposeIncreasing numbers of libraries are implementing RFID solutions supplementing or replacing their existing barcode systems. While RFIDs offer many time saving benefits and productivity enhancements, they also expose libraries and their patrons to a number of potential violations of patron privacy both inside and outside the library. In an era where there is an escalating, ongoing debate over libraries and patron privacy, RFIDs warrant further review. The purpose of this article is to explore the validity of some of these concerns and outline recommendations and best practices to minimize the risks to libraries and their patrons.Design/methodology/approachAn extensive review was made of the literature review with an argument for careful understanding of the issues.FindingsThe potential risks associated with RFID security violations are a potential threat and any library implementing an RFID systen should be aware of all the facts before proceeding.Practical implicationsRFID literature should be reviewed by any library considering implementing RFIDOriginality/valueThere has been no other article in Library Hi Tech on RFID.
Library applications of business usability testing strategies
Authors: Porter Leslie 
Published: March 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate usability testing methods currently in use outside of library science, primarily in the business world, and to find important techniques that can be applied to library science to improve usability testing in libraries.Design/methodology/approachObjectives are achieved through a review of the business literature on qualitative and quantitative web site usability testing. The approach to the topic is based on an assumption that businesses are constantly refining their testing methods in order to make a profit; therefore, their testing methods are evolving and may ultimately be more efficient and effective than the techniques currently in use in libraries. Because businesses are dependent on consumer choice, they must provide user‐friendly web interfaces developed out of usability testing.FindingsThe findings of this paper illustrate that there are many useful kernels of information about testing that can be gleaned from the business literature and applied to testing in a library environment. Testing methods not in use in libraries that are covered include: process‐oriented testing, side‐by‐side testing, hybrid testing, and unique qualitative data gathering methods.Practical implicationsThere are many testing methods discussed in this paper that can be implemented in libraries. The paper suggests how these methods can be adapted to fit a library testing setting and improve the current testing process in place in most libraries. Improved testing methods will ultimately result in improved web site interfaces, which will increase user access to information and help libraries fulfill their missions to make information and online resources accessible to all.Originality/valueUsability testing methods currently not in use in libraries are proposed. The methods discussed can help librarians change and improve their testing methodologies in order to help libraries compete in the increasingly crowded information marketplace.
Electronic books in the USA – their numbers and development and a comparison to Germany
Authors: Just Peter 
Published: March 2007

PurposeWhile there are frequently quoted articles about the revenue in e‐books over the last two years there is no regular statistical information about the amount of e‐books being published. This article attempts to fill this gap.Design/methodology/approachThe paper states the total number of commercially available English‐speaking e‐books in the US‐market and reviews the growth of the publishing‐activities over the last 20 years. Finally, the paper sets the growth of the publishing activities in the e‐book‐market in relation to the developments in the hardcover‐market. The data about the English‐speaking publications was obtained from the book trade directory Global Books In Print Online. The data about the German‐speaking publications was gathered from the author's own survey.FindingsThere are at least 115,000 commercial English‐speaking e‐book‐editions offered in the US‐market. There is an increase of an average of 20 per cent a year in the production of e‐books over the last 20 years. In relation to the total amount of hardcover‐editions the total number of e‐book‐titles run up to 9 per cent. In comparison to Germany the USA is at the forefront of the e‐book‐market. About 5,000 German‐speaking e‐book‐titles were published, which runs up to 1 per cent of the total amount of hardcover editions.Originality/valueThe low number of e‐books published is one of the central problems of the e‐book‐market. As there is no other data available yet this article provides the reader with the information needed to assess the situation.
Managing employee empowerment in luxury hotels in Europe
Authors: Klidas Antonis , van den Berg Peter T. , Wilderom Celeste P.M. 
Published: March 2007

PurposeThis paper aims to test four potential predictors of the behavior of empowered employees during the delivery of service to customers.Design/methodology/approachA questionnaire measuring employees' perceptions of training, performance‐related rewards, customer‐oriented culture, empowering management style, and empowered behavior was filled out by 356 frontline employees of 16 luxury hotels in seven European countries. These statistical analyses removed common‐method bias.FindingsResults of regression analyses at the department level showed that two means of control – customer‐oriented culture and empowering management style – correlated significantly with empowered behavior.Research limitations/implicationsThe survey tool would benefit from further refinement. Creative replications of the survey in different service or hotel settings may benefit service managers, consultants as well as consumers, ultimately.Practical implicationsA direct implication of this study's findings is that in luxury hotel service settings, enhancement to employee empowerment may be achieved through careful management and organizational development. If done well, service enhancements may be within reach.Originality/valueIn prior research, employee empowerment has been identified as an important means to increase customer satisfaction. The present study contributes to a greater and more specific understanding of how employee empowerment can be attained in luxury European hotels.
Exploring consumer experience of social power during service consumption
Authors: Menon Kalyani , Bansal Harvir S. 
Published: March 2007

PurposeThis research seeks to investigate consumer experiences of social power during service consumption. Specifically, this research examines the causes and consequences (cognition, expectations, emotions, and emotion expression) of consumer experiences of high and low power; and, given the key role of emotions in the experience and outcome of services, examines how emotions and emotion expression impacted satisfaction for high and low power consumers.Design/methodology/approachA sample of 195 adult consumers of a range of services responded to a self‐administered survey with a mix of qualitative and quantitative measures.FindingsThe data show that most experiences of power occurred in high contact services, underlining the social nature of consumer power. While high power experiences occurred due to consumer knowledge, service failure accounted for low power experiences. High power consumers have greater self‐oriented action thoughts while low power consumers have greater ruminative thoughts. There was no statistical difference in the provider‐oriented cognition for high and low power consumers. High power consumers expect providers to focus on the core service while low power consumers have expectations regarding the interpersonal component of service delivery. High power consumers feel more positive emotions, less negative emotions and greater satisfaction than low power consumers, but there was no difference in the expressivity of emotions. Emotion expression mediated the relationship between emotions and satisfaction for high power consumers but not for low power consumers.Originality/valueThis is assumed to be the first investigation of consumer experiences of power, an important construct in understanding of consumer‐service provider interactions during service consumption.
Organisational learning in the “knots”
Authors: Fenwick Tara 
Published: March 2007

PurposeDrawing from findings of a case study of inter‐organisational collaboration, this paper aims to employ organisational theory to examine the potential learning that opens between educational organisations. The focus is discursive practices. Two questions guide the analysis. What (unique) practices are implicated in the “knotworking” of inter‐organisational collaboration? What knowledge and capacities are learned in these discursive practices?Design/methodology/approachA case study was conducted of a collaboration between a university unit, school district, elementary school and parent executive board to govern a laboratory school. Documents were examined and 17 interviews conducted and analysed inductively. Document analysis and second stage transcript analysis employed methods of discourse analysis.FindingsThe case analysis suggests that collaborations open unique sites for organizational learning. Actors (teachers, administrators, parents) engage with various discourses in the “knots” of inter‐organisational networks. Those who thrive in the “knot” of collaboration learn how to be flexibly attuned to shifting elements that emerge in negotiations. Further, these actors appear to develop capacities of mapping, translating, rearticulating, and spanning boundaries among the diverse positions of organisations.Research limitations/implicationsThe case study is limited in scope in order to allow in‐depth discourse analysis of the data.Originality/valueThe combination of theories employed here – a practice‐based organizational learning theory called “knotworking” and critical organisational discourse analysis – is unique in educational administration research. It is argued that together, these theories provide a useful analytic approach for administrators wanting to understand and work through the cultural and political complexities of inter‐organisational collaborations.
Superintendent perspectives and practice of accountability, democratic voice and social justice
Authors: Alsbury Thomas L. , Whitaker Kathryn S. 
Published: March 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to report on the superintendent portion of the UCEA Voices III project.Design/methodology/approachA four‐year study to determine how school leaders, from several locations and contexts, describe their perceptions of and experiences with educational leadership related to the study themes, school improvement, democratic community, and social justice.FindingsStudy findings indicate that superintendents articulated these study themes in more general and practical terms than found in the academic literature, and share a belief that the themes may be mutually exclusive, and require contextual interpretation to be functional. The paper concludes by calling for extending our ideas of how to practice social justice, solicit broader community voice, employ shared decision making, and measure accountability.Originality/valueAuthors recommend that practitioners place more emphasis on individualized contextual and cultural realities that can minimize or even counter the intended effects of these leadership approaches in practice. Conclusions suggest that superintendents understand and practice a more inclusive form of social justice, sometimes having to control and filter majority stakeholder inputs to achieve more ethical, socially just, educational decisions. The study provides a critical and needed empirical evaluation of the theoretical concepts of shared decision‐making, inclusion of community stakeholders, and practicing social justice. As superintendents attempt to practice these concepts in a real‐world context, they have discovered and provided insights into the limitations of these ideas.
Intercultural differences and role perceptions of Israeli Arab and Israeli Bedouin teachers
Authors: Nir Adam E. , Alassad Majid 
Published: March 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to assess to what extent social groups maintaining traditional‐collectivistic or modern‐individualistic lifestyles while sharing a similar nationality ethnicity and cultural origin, may be differentiated on the basis of their professional job perceptions and attitudes.Design/methodology/approachQuestionnaires were administered to 323 Bedouin teachers who live in the southern part of Israel while maintaining a rather traditional way of life and to 232 Arab teachers who live in modern towns where Arabs and Jews coexist.FindingsThe results show that Bedouin teachers exhibit a higher degree of compliance and loyalty to the leader and are more conservative and emotional in comparison to Israeli Arab teachers. These results testify to the strong relationship existing between values and norms accumulated during ethnic socialization processes and individual role perceptions especially when individuals' lifestyles correspond to these values.Originality/valueIn considering the framing influence that ethnic socialization has on individual work perceptions, it is argued that ethnic considerations should be taken into account in multicultural contexts and that some facilitating mechanisms should be established in order to increase tolerance for ethnical diversity and understanding among individuals coming from different ethnic groups.
Inventory control in environments with short lead times
Authors: Mattsson Stig‐Arne 
Published: March 2007

PurposeThe objective of this study is to revise and enhance existing inventory control models in a way that allows them to be used more efficiently in environments with short lead times.Design/methodology/approachA simulation approach has been chosen to assess the efficiency of the developed model. This simulation is based on randomly generated demand data with a compound Poisson type of distribution.FindingsResults from the simulation show that traditionally used inventory control methods fail to ensure that desired service levels are attained in environments with short lead times. The simulation also shows that, by using the developed model, the differences between desired and attained service levels can be reduced to fall within limits acceptable in practice.Originality/valueThe study provides an enhanced inventory control model that can be used in environments with short lead time to increase service level performance.
Information exchange in vendor managed inventory
Authors: Vigtil Astrid 
Published: March 2007

PurposeVendor managed inventory (VMI) is a model for supply chain collaboration gaining ground in multiple industries around the world. Forecasting is one of several means to predict future demand. The purpose of this paper is to identify what types of advance demand data would be valuable to the supplier for successful replenishment planning in cases of VMI, frequency and means of information exchange.Design/methodology/approachThe work is based on a literature review and a multiple case study where both successful and unsuccessful VMI collaboration programs are studied. In all cases, the supplier or the customer was a manufacturer. The discussion is based on case‐observations of causes and effects that are compared with existing literature.FindingsIt is found that current inventory status and sales forecasts are the most important kinds of information to be made available to the supplier in a VMI relationship. This also conforms with the general perception of the literature review. Some kinds of information are found valuable while other kinds are found not to be of importance. It was also found that kinds of information differ with the type of supply chain activities being performed by the customer, i.e. there is a different kind of information recommended when the customer makes to stock than when he is a wholesaler or a manufacturer making to order. This observation has not been discussed in the literature reviewed.Research limitations/implicationsThe value of generalization from case studies is subject to general discussion. The cases applied in this research encompass Norwegian suppliers and dyads at the upstream end of the value chain. Geographically related cultural differences might limit the applicability of this work.Originality/valueThe findings support the existing literature and this paper takes a practitioner's perspective on information sharing. The aim is to offer a comprehensive yet educational view of information sharing and VMI.