bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HuMiTar: A sequence-based method for prediction of human microRNA targets
Authors: Ruan Jishou , Chen Hanzhe , Kurgan Lukasz , Chen Ke , Kang Chunsheng , Pu Peiyu 
Published: December 2008

Abstract

Background
MicroRNAs (miRs) are small noncoding RNAs that bind to complementary/partially complementary sites in the 3' untranslated regions of target genes to regulate protein production of the target transcript and to induce mRNA degradation or mRNA cleavage. The ability to perform accurate, high-throughput identification of physiologically active miR targets would enable functional characterization of individual miRs. Current target prediction methods include traditional approaches that are based on specific base-pairing rules in the miR's seed region and implementation of cross-species conservation of the target site, and machine learning (ML) methods that explore patterns that contrast true and false miR-mRNA duplexes. However, in the case of the traditional methods research shows that some seed region matches that are conserved are false positives and that some of the experimentally validated target sites are not conserved.

Results
We present HuMiTar, a computational method for identifying common targets of miRs, which is based on a scoring function that considers base-pairing for both seed and non-seed positions for human miR-mRNA duplexes. Our design shows that certain non-seed miR nucleotides, such as 14, 18, 13, 11, and 17, are characterized by a strong bias towards formation of Watson-Crick pairing. We contrasted HuMiTar with several representative competing methods on two sets of human miR targets and a set of ten glioblastoma oncogenes. Comparison with the two best performing traditional methods, PicTar and TargetScanS, and a representative ML method that considers the non-seed positions, NBmiRTar, shows that HuMiTar predictions include majority of the predictions of the other three methods. At the same time, the proposed method is also capable of finding more true positive targets as a trade-off for an increased number of predictions. Genome-wide predictions show that the proposed method is characterized by 1.99 signal-to-noise ratio and linear, with respect to the length of the mRNA sequence, computational complexity. The ROC analysis shows that HuMiTar obtains results comparable with PicTar, which are characterized by high true positive rates that are coupled with moderate values of false positive rates.

Conclusion
The proposed HuMiTar method constitutes a step towards providing an efficient model for studying translational gene regulation by miRs.
Development of CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ regulatory T cells from cord blood hematopoietic progenitor cells
Authors: Hutton Jonathon F , Gargett Tessa , Sadlon Timothy J , Bresatz Suzanne , Brown Cheryl Y , Zola Heddy , Shannon M Frances , D’Andrea Richard J , Barry Simon C 
Published: December 2008

AbstractAdult stem cells are capable of generating all of the cells of the hematopoietic system, and this process is orchestrated in part by the interactions between these cells and the stroma. T cell progenitors emerge from the stem cell compartment and migrate to the thymus, where their terminal differentiation and maturation occur, and it is during this phase that selection shapes the immune repertoire. Notch ligands, including Delta-like 1 (DL1), play a critical role in this lymphoid differentiation. To mimic this in vitro, stroma-expressing DL1 have been used to generate CD4+CD8+ double-positive and single-positive T cells from hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. This system provides a robust tool to investigate thymopoiesis; however, its capacity to generate regulatory T cells (Tregs) has yet to be reported. Natural Tregs (nTregs) develop in the thymus and help maintain immune homeostasis and have potential clinical use as a cell therapy for modulation of autoimmune disease or for transplant tolerization. Here, we describe for the first time the development of a population of CD4+CD25+ CD127loFoxP3+ cells that emerge in coculture of cord blood (CB) CD34+ progenitors on OP9-DL1 stroma. These hematopoietic progenitor-derived CD4+CD25+ Tregs have comparable suppressor function with CB nTregs in vitro. The addition of IL-2 to the coculture enhanced the expansion and survival of this population significantly. This manipulable culture system, therefore, generates functional Tregs and provides a system to elucidate the mechanism of Treg development.
Study of Sound Generated by Large-Scale Structures in Low Speed Coaxial Jets
Authors: Alonso Mikel , Avital Eldad J. 
Published: December 2008

Sound generation by low speed circular and elliptic coaxial jets is investigated computationally. The secondary to primary jet velocity ratio is limited up to 0.4 and the elliptic jet profile has a 2:1 aspect ratio. Large Eddy Simulations are coupled with the Lighthill's acoustic analogy. Flow incompressibility is assumed limiting the study to the compact quadrupole structures generated during the jet mixing process. As expected, adding a secondary stream is found to extend the mixing region, while changing the jet geometry from circular to elliptic leads to vice versa. Good qualitative agreement in the flow behaviour is achieved with known results. Lighthill's longitudinal streamwise quadrupole is found to dominate the sound generation leading to a mildly high streamwise emission. Increasing the velocity ratio of the secondary stream to the primary stream increases the dominance of the streamwise sound emission. Good qualitative agreement with a previously suggested sound directivity pattern is achieved. Adding a secondary stream to the jet is found to have a mixed effect on the emitted acoustic power. A plausible explanation based on a large scale instability wave model is presented. Dominance of the longitudinal streamwise quadrupole Qxx was observed in all jets and the lateral quadrupoles Qxy and Qxz were of about the same magnitude and only secondary to Qxx. This resulted in high sound emission in the streamwise direction particularly as U1 /U0 was increased to 0.4. Good qualitative agreement was found with a previously suggested expression for the sound directivity pattern [18]. Adding a secondary stream did not cause a significant reduction in the overall acoustic power output as changing the jet geometry from circular to elliptic which was also limited to about 2 dB reduction. Further evidence for the existence of a large scale wave packet structure in the mixing region was produced. The wave packet source model was used to point to the opposing effects on the acoustic power output when adding a secondary stream, which could result in its mild and mixed effect.
Towards a theory of intentional behaviour change: Plans, planning, and self‐regulation
Authors: Sniehotta Falko F. 
Published: December 2008

Purpose Briefly review the current state of theorizing about volitional behaviour change and identification of challenges and possible solutions for future theory development.Method Review of the literature and theoretical analysis.Results Reasoned action theories have made limited contributions to the science of behaviour change as they do not propose means of changing cognitions or account for existing effective behaviour change techniques. Changing beliefs does not guarantee behaviour change. The implementation intentions (IMPs) approach to planning has advanced theorizing but the applications to health behaviours often divert substantially from the IMPs paradigm with regard to interventions, effects, mediators and moderators. Better construct definitions and differentiations are needed to make further progress in integrating theory and understanding behaviour change.Conclusions Further progress in theorizing can be achieved by (a) disentangling planning constructs to study their independent and joint effects on behaviour, (b) progressing research on moderators and mediators of planning effects outside the laboratory and (c) integrating planning processes within learning theory and self‐regulation theory.
National Academy of Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory Medicine Practice Guidelines: Emerging Biomarkers for Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease
Authors:   NACB LMPG Committee Members, Myers Gary L , Christenson Robert H M , Cushman Mary , Ballantyne Christie M , Cooper Gerald R , Pfeiffer Christine M , Grundy Scott M , Labarthe Darwin R , Levy Daniel , Rifai Nader , Wilson Peter W F 
Published: December 2008

Abstract
Background: Heart disease and stroke continue to be the leading causes of death in the US. As a result, investigators continue to look for new and emerging biomarkers of disease risk. Because many of these emerging biomarkers are not as well documented as those of conventional lipid and lipoprotein risk factors, their value in clinical practice needs to be critically appraised and appropriate guidelines developed for their proposed use.
Content: The National Academy of Clinical Biochemistry (NACB) convened a multidisciplinary expert panel to develop laboratory medicine practice guidelines for a selected subset of these emerging risk factors as applied in a primary prevention setting of heart disease and stroke. The NACB expert panel selected lipoprotein subclasses and particle concentration, lipoprotein(a), apolipoproteins A-I and B, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), fibrinogen, white blood cell count, homocysteine, B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), N-terminal proBNP (NT-proBNP), and markers of renal function as biomarkers that fell within the scope of these guidelines.
Conclusions: Based on a thorough review of the published literature, only hsCRP met all of the stated criteria required for acceptance as a biomarker for risk assessment in primary prevention.
From free radicals to science of nutrition
Authors: Blázovics Anna 
Published: December 2008

A szabadgyök-kutatás évtizedei alatt egyre közelebb kerültünk ahhoz a felismeréshez, hogy a szervezet szabad gyök–antioxidáns egyensúlyát alapvetően a genetikai háttér és a környezet határozza meg. A Janus-arcú oxigén-szabadgyökök a szignáltranszdukciós utak szekunder hírvivői és egyben a sejtek citotoxikus ágensei is. A szignáltranszdukciós fehérjék mérsékelt oxidációs hatásokra és fémionokra történő aktivációja még nem eléggé ismert. A szignáltranszdukció aktivátorai és inhibitorai közötti molekuláris mechanizmusok finoman kontrolláltak. A sejtek antioxidáns–prooxidáns egyensúlya visszavezethető a szabad szulfhidrilcsoportok és a diszulfidhidak koncentrációviszonyára. Az esszenciális és toxikus fémionok, valamint a szelén egyaránt szerepet játszanak a redox-homeosztázisban. Az egészséges szövetek bővelkednek antioxidánsokban, ezáltal biztosítják a szervezet szabad gyökökkel szembeni védelmét. A táplálékkal felvett antioxidáns vegyületek, mint például az A-, C-, E-vitaminok, polifenolok, antocianinok, flavonoidok, izotiocianátok és más bioaktív molekulák eredeti molekulaformájukban és derivátumaikban is képesek befolyásolni a redoxifolyamatokat. Napjaink molekuláris biológai kutatásainak eredményeképpen egyre több, táplálékkal felvehető vegyületről, illetve azok metabolitjairól bizonyosodik be, hogy génszinten is kifejtik hatásukat.
Repair of the Perforated Sinus Membrane With Buccal Fat Pad During Sinus Augmentation
Authors: Hassani Ali , Khojasteh Arash , Alikhasi Marzieh 
Published: December 2008

Abstract
Several reports demonstrate successful use of the buccal fat pad (BFP) as pedicled graft in reconstructing small to medium sized maxillary defects. BFP harvesting has so far been shown to be an easy, well-tolerated, and uncomplicated technique for oral reconstruction. This case report proposes the use of BFP for repairing of the perforated sinus membrane during sinus augmentation.
Theoretical Thermodynamic Study of Crude Extraction by Isentropic Relaxation of Natural Gas
Authors: Dablé Pierre Jean-Marie R. , Dakoury Gilles G. , Yao Benjamin , Gossan Ado , Ezouah Charles A. 
Published: December 2008

The process of crude extraction consists of removing the heavy hydrocarbons from natural gas resulting from
the layers. The extraction is carried out by the cooling process of the gas phase, to reach the heavy hydrocarbons points of
condensation and allow their extraction from the gas phase. This operation is also undertaken using the paraffin oils physicochemical
property of heavy molecules absorption.
The study of a process based on the cooling of natural gas carried out by using a turbo expander ensuring isentropic relaxation,
appears conclusive. This process converts the energy of relaxation into energy of compression. The cycle of the
treatment proposed permits to confer the physical characteristics to the gas which modify its chemical composition returning
it by the same time purified from heavy hydrocarbons. This process has the advantage of being definitely less expensive
in energy; 22 KwH instead of 427 KwH for crude extraction from the same gas phase by the cooling process.
Characterization of ternary complexes of meloxicam-HPβCD and PVP or L-arginine prepared by the spray-drying technique
Authors: El-Maradny Hoda , Mortada Sana , Kamel Ola , Hikal Ahmed 
Published: December 2008

Characterization of ternary complexes of meloxicam-HPβCD and PVP or L-arginine prepared by the spray-drying technique
Ternary complexes of meloxicam (ME) (a poorly water soluble anti-inflammatory drug) with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) and either a hydrophilic polymer, namely, polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) or a basic amino acid such as L-arginine, were prepared by the spray-drying technique. The solubilizing efficiency, physical properties and dissolution behaviour of each ternary system of ME-HPβCD with either PVP or L-arginine were compared with those of the corresponding binary system of ME-HPβCD. Tablets compressed from the ternary system of ME-HPβCD-L-arginine were compared with plain and commercial tablets. Phase solubility experiments suggested the formation of an inclusion complex of AL type. Ternary system of ME-HPβCD-L-arginine exhibited a stability constant 30.3 times higher than the binary system of ME-HPβCD, while the ternary system of ME-HPβCD-PVP increased the stability constant 2.2 times only. The prepared complexes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and infra red spectroscopy. Ternary solid complexes indicated the presence of strong interactions between the components. The dissolution behaviour of ME from different ternary complexes was higher than its dissolution from the binary system. Tablets compressed from ternary complexes of ME-HPβCD-L-arginine highly improved drug release compared to plain and commercial tablets.
The Halophytic Vegetation in South-East Bulgaria and Along the Black Sea Coast
Authors: Tzonev Rossen , Lysenko Tatiana , Gusev Chavdar , Zhelev Petar 
Published: December 2008

The Halophytic Vegetation in South-East Bulgaria and Along the Black Sea CoastThe paper presents results of a syntaxonomic analysis of the herbaceous phytocoenoses on the salt steppes, meadows and marshes in Southeastern Bulgaria, and along the Southern Black Sea Coast. The halophytic vegetation is distributed mostly in the Tundzha Lowland and the large salt lakes along the Black Sea Coast, where the saline soils occupy large territories. Most syntaxa identified in the paper are well-known and wide-spread in Central and Eastern Europe (Salicornietum prostratae, Suaedetum maritimae, Juncetum maritimaeetc.), but there are also some specific vegetation types, which are presented by endemic associations asPetrosimonio brachiatae-Puccinellietum convolutae, Bupleuro tenuissimae-Camphorosmetum monspeliacae.The most widespread one isDiantho pallidiflori-Puccinellietum convolutae.It demonstrates a big variation in the appearance and the dominant structure of the described phytocoenoses. The comparision of the Bulgarian halophytic vegetation with other places in Europe shows its similarities with these vegetation types distributed in the Eastern Mediterranean and Central and Eastern Europe.
The Tall-Herb and Tall-Grass Plant Communities of the Class Mulgedio-Aconitetea in the Subalpine Belt of the Krivánska Malá Fatra MTS (Slovakia)
Authors: Šibíková Ivana , Šibík Jozef , Jarolímek Ivan 
Published: December 2008

The Tall-Herb and Tall-Grass Plant Communities of the ClassMulgedio-Aconiteteain the Subalpine Belt of the Krivánska Malá Fatra MTS (Slovakia)The following paper reports the results of phytosociological research of tall-herb and tall-herb plant communities within the classMulgedio-Aconiteteain the subalpine belt of the Krivánska Malá Fatra Mts. The data set of 209 relevés was sampled and analysed using numerical classification and ordination. Major ecological gradients were interpreted using Ellenberg's indicator values and the Shannon-Wiener diversity index. Ten associations within five alliances were distinguished and characterised:Aconitetum firmi, Digitali ambiguae-Calamagrostietum arundinaceae, Helianthemo grandiflorae-Calamagrostietum arundinaceae, Potentillo aurei-Calamagrostietum arundinaceae, Allio victorialis-Calamagrostietum villosae, Festucetum carpaticae, Adenostylo alliariae-Athyrietum alpestris, Aconito firmi-Adenostyletum alliariae, Geranio robertiani-Delphinietum elatiandAconito firmi-Rumicetum alpini.Relationships between the floristic composition of the communities and environmental variables were analysed by canonical correspondence analysis.
Effect of Inlet and Outlet Locations on Transverse Mixed Convection Inside a Vented Enclosure
Authors: Saha Sumon , Islam Md. Tofiqul , Ali Mohammad , Mamun Md. Arif Hassan , Islam M Quamrul 
Published: December 2008

Transverse mixed convection is studied numerically in a vented enclosure with constant heat flux from uniformly heated bottom wall. An external airflow enters the enclosure through an opening in one vertical wall and exits from another opening in the opposite wall. The two-dimensional mathematical model includes the system of four partial differential equations of continuity, linear momentum and energy, solved by the finite element method. Flow fields are investigated by numerical simulations for air flowing with a Reynolds number in the range 50 â¤ Re â¤ 1000, for Richardson numbers: 0 â¤ Ri â¤ 10. Four different locations of inlet and outlets are introduced to analyze the effect of heat transfer in terms of velocity and temperature fields within the enclosure. The computational results show that the location of inlet and outlets alters significantly the temperature distribution in the flow fields and the heat transfer across the heated wall of the cavities. Empirical correlation is developed for relations using Nusselt number, Reynolds number and Richardson number, based on the enclosure height.Â Â Keywords: Mixed convection, finite element method, vented enclosure, Richardson number.Journal of Mechanical Engineering Vol.36 Dec. 2006 pp.27-37DOI = 10.3329/jme.v36i0.808
Durability and Tribological Properties of Thermally Sprayed WC Cermet Coating in Full Film and Partial EHL Contacts
Authors: Nuruzzaman DM , Nakajima A , Mawatari T 
Published: December 2008

Durability and tribological properties of thermally sprayed WC-Cr-Ni cermet coating were investigated experimentally under full film and partial elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) conditions. By means of the high energy type flame spraying (Hi-HVOF) method, the coating was formed onto the axially ground and circumferentially ground roller specimens made of thermally refined carbon steel. The WC cermet coated steel roller was mated with the carburized hardened smooth steel roller under full film EHL condition and carburized hardened rough steel roller under partial EHL condition. It was found that, in general, the coating on the circumferentially ground substrate shows a lower durability compared with that on the axially ground substrate and this difference appears more distinctly for the higher contact pressure for both full film and partial EHL conditions. It was also found that there are significant differences in the tribological properties of WC cermet coating depending on the contact pressure. In addition, depending on the lubrication condition, remarkable differences in the tribological properties were found.Keywords: WC cermet, Full film EHL, Partial EHL, Durability, Tribological propertiesÂ Journal of Mechanical Engineering Vol.36 Dec. 2006 pp.38-43DOI = 10.3329/jme.v36i0.809
La situation économique du Ghana et	l'initiative PPTE : une convergence favorable
Authors: Barat Christophe , Massuyeau Benoît , Spielvogel Gilles 
Published: December 2008

Résumé	Grâce à ses bonnes performances économiques au cours des années	1980 et 1990, le Ghana s’est attiré la sympathie des institutions de Bretton	Woods et leur soutien financier. Avec une alternance politique réussie ce pays	conserve et renforce son crédit auprès des bailleurs de fonds ce qui lui permet	de bénéficier d’une aide conséquente au moment où le nouveau gouvernement doit	redresser une situation financière difficile. Cette aide se traduit notamment	par un traitement particulièrement favorable de sa dette dans le cadre de	l’initiative PPTE (Pays pauvres très endettés). Après un refus initial	d’adhérer à celle-ci, les autorités ont revu leur position. Ce revirement	s’explique d’autant plus facilement que les modalités de calcul de	l’initiative, assortie à la renégociation des conditions de rééchelonnement en	Club de Paris, lui permettent de bénéficier pleinement des réductions de dette	tout en limitant au maximum les contraintes de ré-affectation prévues dans	l’initiative.
Une approche politique du contrôle de l'eau au Moyen-Orient
Authors: Boëdec François 
Published: December 2008

Résumé	Plus de 50 ans après la création d’Israël, la paix régionale n’est toujours pas installée au Moyen-Orient. L’explosion actuelle de violence semble avoir fait disparaître toute trace d’un processus de paix. Nombreux sont les sujets de tension sous-régionaux. Parmi ceux-ci, le dossier du contrôle des ressources hydrauliques revêt un caractère particulier, même s’il dépasse le seul affrontement israélo-arabe. Dans les trois cas des bassins fluviaux du Nil, du Tigre et de l’Euphrate et du Jourdain, la paix hydraulique ne peut être séparée des autres chantiers d’une paix générale au Moyen-Orient.
Le Lesotho Highlands Water Project (LHWP) : une coopération réussie dans l'attente d'une politique régionale de l'eau
Authors: Colombani Philippe 
Published: December 2008

Résumé	Dans un contexte de double enclavement géographique et géopolitique, ainsi que de pauvreté, le Lesotho avec le LHWPa accepté de se transformer en un immense château d’eau au bénéfice de l’Afrique du Sud. Comme toutes les grandes infrastructures de ce type, un tel programme n’a pas échappé aux critiques, notamment des organisations non gouvernementales (ONG). La leçon tirée de l'expérience de ce gigantesque projet est double : une analyse complète de l’ensemble des paramètres du développement durable demeure indispensable avant de se lancer dans des aménagements de grande ampleur ; la gestion de l’eau repose également au moins autant sur la gestion de la demande que sur celle de l’offre.
La tarification de l'eau au Maroc : comment servir différentes causes ?
Authors: Tenneson Mathilde , Rojat Dominique 
Published: December 2008

Résumé	Les ressources en eau du Maroc sont limitées et subissent une pollution croissante. L’utilisation rationnelle de l’eau doit concilier l’équilibre financier des réseaux, la satisfaction des besoins (pour l’eau potable) ou la valorisation économique (pour l’irrigation), et la durabilité. La tarification de l’eau ne permet pas d’atteindre simultanément ces différents objectifs. Pour être efficace, elle doit être nuancée dans ses modalités et s’inscrire dans un cadre réglementaire et institutionnel cohérent, représenté, au Maroc, par la loi sur l’eau de 1995 et les agences de bassin.