bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
GBF family member PfGBF3 and NAC family member PfNAC2 regulate rosmarinic acid biosynthesis under high light
Authors: Xie Guanwen , Zou Xiuzai , Liang Zishan , Zhang Ke , Wu Duan , Jin Honglei , Wang Hongbin , Shen Qi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Rosmarinic acid (RA) is an important medicinal metabolite and a potent food antioxidant. We discovered that exposure to high light intensifies the accumulation of RA in the leaves of perilla (Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt). However, the molecular mechanism underlying RA synthesis in response to high light stress remains poorly understood. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted a comprehensive analysis employing transcriptomic sequencing, transcriptional activation, and genetic transformation techniques. High light treatment for 1 and 48 h resulted in the upregulation of 592 and 1,060 genes, respectively. Among these genes, three structural genes and 93 transcription factors exhibited co-expression. Notably, NAC family member PfNAC2, GBF family member PfGBF3, and cinnamate-4-hydroxylase gene PfC4H demonstrated significant co-expression and upregulation under high light stress. Transcriptional activation analysis revealed that PfGBF3 binds to and activates the PfNAC2 promoter. Additionally, both PfNAC2 and PfGBF3 bind to the PfC4H promoter, thereby positively regulating PfC4H expression. Transient overexpression of PfNAC2, PfGBF3, and PfC4H, as well as stable transgenic expression of PfNAC2, led to a substantial increase in RA accumulation in perilla. Consequently, PfGBF3 acts as a photosensitive factor that positively regulates PfNAC2 and PfC4H, while PfNAC2 also regulates PfC4H to promote RA accumulation under high light stress. The elucidation of the regulatory mechanism governing RA accumulation in perilla under high light conditions provides a foundation for developing a high-yield RA system and a model to understand light-induced metabolic accumulation.
Tetrad stage transient cold stress skews auxin-mediated energy metabolism balance in Chinese cabbage pollen
Authors: Liu Dandan , He Yuanrong , Wang Yijie , Chen Weiwei , Yang Jianli , Zhang Yuzhi , Feng Yaoyao , Zhao Yuxue , Lin Sue , Huang Li 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Changing ambient temperature often impairs plant development and sexual reproduction, particularly pollen ontogenesis. However, mechanisms underlying cold stress-induced male sterility are not well understood. Here, we exposed Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris) to different cold conditions during flowering and demonstrated that the tetrad stage was the most sensitive. After completion of pollen development at optimal conditions, transient cold stress at the tetrad stage still impacted auxin levels, starch and lipid accumulation, and pollen germination, ultimately resulting in partial male sterility. Transcriptome and metabolome analyses and histochemical staining indicated that the reduced pollen germination rate was due to the imbalance of energy metabolism during pollen maturation. The investigation of β-glucuronidase (GUS)-overexpressing transgenic plants driven by the promoter of DR5 (DR5::GUS report system) combined with cell tissue staining and metabolome analysis further validated that cold stress during the tetrad stage reduced auxin levels in mature pollen grains. Low-concentration auxin treatment on floral buds at the tetrad stage before cold exposure improved the cold tolerance of mature pollen grains. Artificially changing the content of endogenous auxin during pollen maturation by spraying chemical reagents and loss-of-function investigation of the auxin biosynthesis gene YUCCA6 by artificial microRNA technology showed that starch overaccumulation severely reduced the pollen germination rate. In summary, we revealed that transient cold stress at the tetrad stage of pollen development in Chinese cabbage causes auxin-mediated starch-related energy metabolism imbalance that contributes to the decline in pollen germination rate and ultimately seed set.
Prison Abolitionism and the Liberal Imagination
Authors: Abolafia Jacob 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
One of the most controversial political demands to emerge from the mass protests of the summer of 2020 was the abolition of police departments and prisons. This review article takes stock of the rationale behind prison abolitionism and of the philosopher Tommie Shelby's The Idea of Prison Abolition, a recent effort to initiate a dialogue between Angela Davis, the intellectual vanguard of contemporary abolitionists, and Shelby's own style of liberal political philosophy in the tradition of John Rawls. Although it shares a name with the successful nineteenth century movement to end slavery, today's abolitionists have much broader and far-reaching aims. The antislavery movement claimed to be bringing liberal society in line with liberalism's own values by abolishing chattel slavery, but Shelby's argument reaffirms that the prison, for its part, actually has a deep conceptual and historical compatibility with liberalism. Prison abolitionists, conscious of the connections between liberalism and incarceration, therefore, level their attacks not only at imprisonment but against liberal society as a whole. The close entwinement of liberalism and incarceration and deep disagreements about the meaning of basic terms like reform and criminality mean that long-term collaboration between liberals and abolitionists is probably unrealistic, both theoretically and politically.
Minimal Clinically Important Difference of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) and the Shortened Version of the DASH (QuickDASH) in People With Musculoskeletal Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Galardini Lorenzo , Coppari Andrea , Pellicciari Leonardo , Ugolini Alessandro , Piscitelli Daniele , La Porta Fabio , Bravini Elisabetta , Vercelli Stefano 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objective
The objective of this study was to perform a meta-analysis of the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire and its shortened version (ie, the QuickDASH).

Methods
MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Scopus were searched up to July 2022. Studies on people with upper limb musculoskeletal disorders that calculated the MCID by anchor-based methods were included. Descriptive and quantitative synthesis was used for the MCID and the minimal detectable change with 90% confidence (MDC90). Fixed-effects models and random-effect models were used for the meta-analysis. I2 statistics was computed to assess heterogeneity. The methodological quality of studies was assessed with the Consensus-Based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments checklist for measurement error and an adaptation of the checklist for the studies on MCID proposed by Bohannon and Glenney.

Results
Twelve studies (1677 patients) were included, producing 17 MCID estimates ranging from 8.3 to 18.0 DASH points and 8.0 to 18.1 QuickDASH points. The pooled MCIDs were 11.00 DASH points (95% CI = 8.59–13.41; I2 = 0%) and 11.97 QuickDASH points (95% CI = 9.60–14.33; I2 = 0%). The pooled MDC90s were 9.04 DASH points (95% CI = 6.46–11.62; I2 = 0%) and 9.03 QuickDASH points (95% CI = 6.36–11.71; I2 = 18%). Great methodological heterogeneity in the calculation of the MCID was identified among the primary studies.

Conclusion
Reasonable MCID ranges of 12 to 14 DASH points and 12 to 15 QuickDASH points were established. The lower boundaries represent the first available measure above the pooled MDC90, and the upper limits represent the upper 95% CI of the pooled MCID.

Impact
Reasonable ranges for the MCID of 12 to 14 DASH points and 12 to 15 QuickDASH points were proposed. The lower boundaries represent the first available measure above the pooled MDC90, and the upper limits represent the upper 95% CI of the pooled MCID. Information regarding the interpretability of the 2 questionnaires was derived from very different methodologies, making it difficult to identify reliable thresholds. Now clinicians and researchers can rely on more credible data. The proposed MCIDs should be used to assess people with musculoskeletal disorders. Heterogeneity was found related particularly to the anchor levels used in the primary studies. To promote comparability of MCID values, shared rules defining the most appropriate types of anchoring will be needed in the near future.
Dosimetric comparison of O-ring versus conventional C-arm linear accelerator for volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) of head and neck cancer and carcinoma cervix patients
Authors: Patodi Vibhor , Soni Tej P , Singh Dinesh K , Patni Nidhi , Jakhotia Naresh , Chittappurath Vineeth , Kuyyanangadan Rajkamal , Jenny Ashna , Kanniyappan Elumalai , Gupta Anil K , Gupta Tara C , Singhal Harish , Natrajan Thirumoorthy , Kather Farzana S 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The objective of this study is dosimetric comparison between the O-ring Halcyon and C-arm Clinac iX linac for volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) plans for head & neck (H&N) cancer and carcinoma cervix patients. Total 60 patients of H&N cancer and carcinoma cervix were enrolled prospectively from March 2021 to March 2023. VMAT plans with 6 MV photons for Halcyon and Clinac iX were generated and compared for each patient by dose volume histogram for planning target volume coverage and organ at risk (OAR) sparing. There were no differences in between both the linacs for PTV D2% and D98%, homogeneity index, conformity index, Dmax (maximum dose) and Dmean (mean dose) of OAR. Halcyon had significantly shorter treatment time compared to Clinac iX. Halcyon delivered higher integral dose and monitor units. O-ring Halcyon produces VMAT plans comparable to other C-arm linacs for H&N and carcinoma cervix patients.
Flexibility loss and worker well-being: what happens to job satisfaction when workers lose their telework usage?
Authors: Araki Satoshi , Rappleye Jeremy 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The association between flexible work arrangements (FWA) and worker well-being has been extensively investigated. However, the Covid-19 pandemic has generated a new phenomenon where workers return to inflexible workstyles after experiencing FWA. This article examines the consequence of this ‘flexibility loss’ with attention to telework and job satisfaction (JS). Using panel data collected by the Japanese government in 2020–2021, regressions and generalized structural equation modeling reveal (a) workers who frequently telework exhibit higher JS in both years; (b) on average, losing telework does not affect JS; and (c) workers who experienced telework-related challenges in 2020 and continue to work remotely next year report lower JS, whereas those who lost telework opportunities possess higher JS. These results suggest that a new type of labor stratification emerges based on the compound of workers’ FWA experience (upsides or downsides) and their FWA usage (continuation or withdrawal), which affects well-being either functionally or adversely.
Skodsborg Badesanatorium: An Adventist Health Resort on the Fringe of Danish Public Healthcare 1898–1992
Authors: Lodahl Anders Bank 
Published: March 2024

Summary
Today healthcare in Denmark is overwhelmingly public, but around 1900 much was left to religious institutions. One of the largest and most long-lived was Skodsborg Badesanatorium, which survived from 1898 to 1992. Founded on the Seventh-day Adventists’ health principles, the sanatorium introduced therapies and medical ideas, which were frowned upon in Denmark around 1900. The sanatorium had to navigate between alternative and orthodox medicine, constantly defining itself as alternative enough to provide what patients could not get at the public hospitals, but orthodox enough to be scientifically reliable. The article analyses how the therapy at the sanatorium was presented, comparing alternative and orthodox medicine. Likewise, the sanatorium’s relation to public healthcare is analysed from its extensive administrative material. This article sheds light on private healthcare institutions, which are largely neglected in Danish historical health research, and thereby explores the space between public and private healthcare and orthodox and non-orthodox medicine.
The new normal chemical landscape: the future of risk assessment toward optimum consumer safety
Authors: Osborne Olivia J , Boobis Alan , Botham Phil , Price Shirley Christine , Kuhnle Gunter C , Mulholland Cath , Potter Claire , Gott David 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The further optimization of consumer safety through risk assessment of chemicals present in food will require adaptability and flexibility to utilize the accelerating developments in safety science and technology. New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) are gaining traction as a systematic approach to support informed decision making in chemical risk assessment. The vision is to be able to predict risk more accurately, rapidly and efficiently. The opportunity exists now to use these approaches which requires a strategy to translate the science into future regulatory implementation. Here we discuss new insights obtained from three recent workshops on how to translate the science into future regulatory implementation. To assist the UK in this endeavor, the Food Standards Agency (FSA) and the scientific advisory committee on chemical toxicity (COT) have been developing a roadmap. In addition, we discuss how these new insights fit into the bigger picture of the new chemical landscape for better consumer safety and the importance of international harmonization.
Efficacy of a low dose of antivenom for severe neuroparalysis in Bungarus caeruleus (common krait) envenomation: a pilot study
Authors: Pannu Ashok Kumar , Chand Duni , Bhalla Ashish , Dhibar Deba Prasad 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Despite the widespread use of antivenom for the treatment of snakebite envenoming in the Indian subcontinent, the ideal dose of antivenom has been a point of contention. Low-dose regimens can economize on a scarce resource in low- and middle-income countries. This study assessed the effectiveness of a low-dose (10 vials) antivenom regimen compared to the usual 20 vials in patients with krait bite neuroparalysis requiring mechanical ventilation.

Methods
This study was a prospective controlled pilot study conducted in a tertiary-care hospital in north India. Participants were eligible if they were ≥12 years old, had krait bite neurotoxicity, showed severe paralysis requiring mechanical ventilation, and had access to antivenom therapy within 24 h of the bite. The primary outcome was the duration of mechanical ventilation, and the secondary outcomes were the length of hospital stay and in-hospital survival.

Results
Fifteen patients received 10 vials of antivenom, and 25 received 20 vials. The two treatment groups had similar baseline demographics, clinical and laboratory features, snakebite severity scores, and median time from snakebite to initiation of antivenom therapy. The low-dose regimen was as effective as the standard dose concerning the median duration of mechanical ventilation (41 h vs. 55 h, P = 0.094), the median length of stay (78 h vs. 85.5 h, P = 0.360), and in-hospital deaths (1 vs. 3, P = 1.000). The incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia was similar between the two groups (1 vs 3, P = 1.000).

Conclusion
A low dose of antivenom effectively treats patients with severe krait bite neuroparalysis.
A holistic perspective on species delimitation outperforms all methods based on single data types in freshwater gastropods (Caenogastropoda: Hydrobiidae: Pseudamnicola)
Authors: Delicado Diana , Boulaassafer Khadija , Khalloufi Noureddine , Hauffe Torsten 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Freshwater gastropods are one of the most species-rich and severely threatened animal groups in continental aquatic ecosystems. Unfortunately, understanding their species diversity, which is key to conservation, is often hampered by their small size, simple morphology, and restricted distribution. This is particularly the case for spring snails of the genus Pseudamnicola (family Hydrobiidae), a species-rich taxon across the Mediterranean region. Contrasting species diversities derived from molecular phylogenies and traditional taxonomy call for a holistic approach, in which molecular markers are used to identify putative taxonomic units that can then be validated morphologically. We integrated DNA sequence and morphometric data from 92 populations into a species delimitation framework to assess the taxonomic status of 25 nominal and 14 informally recognized species of Pseudamnicola across its geographical range. Although seven discovery methods delimited a varying number of putative species, taking an integrative approach generally improved species support over single datasets. The statistically favoured integrative scheme corroborated 30 of the 39 initial species as separate entities, whereas nine require taxonomic re-evaluation. Six species are described here formally. Pseudamnicola exemplifies the importance of considering multiple lines of evidence to evaluate species diversity in taxonomically complex groups, with newly developed approaches providing the needed toolbox.
Patient preferences for operative versus nonoperative treatment of LC1 pelvis fracture: a discrete choice experiment
Authors: Patterson Joseph T. , Parry Joshua A. , Working Zachary M. , McKibben Natasha A. , Baca Joseph , Duong Andrew , Senior Joshua , Kim Annabel , Marchand Lucas S. , O’Hara Nathan 
Published: March 2024

OBJECTIVE:
To quantify how patients with LC1 pelvis fracture value attributes of operative versus nonoperative treatment.

METHODS:

Design: Discrete choice experiment.

Setting:
3 US Level 1 trauma centers.

Patient Selection Criteria:
Adult survivors of an LC1 pelvis treated between June 2016 through March 2023 were identified from institutional registries. The choice experiment was administered as a survey from March through August 2023.

Outcome Measures and Comparisons:
Participants chose between 12 hypothetical comparisons of treatment attributes including operative or nonoperative care, risk of death, severity of pain, risk of secondary surgery, shorter hospital stay, discharge destination, and independence in ambulation within one month of injury. The marginal utility of each treatment attribute, e.g. the strength of participants’ aggregate preference for an attribute as indicated by their survey choices, was estimated by multinomial logit modeling with and without stratification by treatment received.

RESULTS:
449 eligible patients were identified. The survey was distributed to 182 patients and collected from 72 (39%) patients at a median 2.3 years after injury. Respondents were 66% female with a median age of 59 years (IQR 34-69). Before injury, 94% ambulated independently and 75% were working. 41% received operative treatment. Independence with ambulation provided the highest relative marginal utility (21%, p<0.001), followed by discharge to home versus skilled nursing (20%, p<0.001), moderate versus severe post-discharge pain (17%, p<0.001), shorter hospital stay (16%, p<0.001), secondary surgery (15%, p<0.001), mortality (10%, p=0.02). Overall, no relative utility for operative versus nonoperative treatment was observed (2%, p=0.54). However, respondents strongly preferred the treatment they received: operative patients valued operative treatment (utility, 0.37 vs. -0.37, p<0.001); nonoperative patients valued nonoperative treatment (utility, 0.19 vs. -0.19, p<0.001).

CONCLUSIONS:
LC1 pelvis fracture patients valued independence with ambulation, shorter hospital stay, and avoiding secondary surgery and mortality in the month after their injury. Patients preferred the treatment they received rather than operative versus nonoperative care.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Therapeutic level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Association between neighborhood poverty and ovarian reserve: the ovarian aging study
Authors: Pan Anwesha , Crowder Kyle D. , Cedars Marcelle I. , Bleil Maria E. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objective
This study aimed to examine the association between neighborhood poverty and ovarian reserve.

Methods
Among 1,019 healthy premenopausal women in the Ovarian Aging Study, aggregate exposure to neighborhood poverty was examined in relation to biomarkers of ovarian reserve, antimüllerian hormone (AMH) and antral follicle count (AFC). Specifically, the interaction of age-x-neighborhood poverty was assessed cross-sectionally to determine whether AMH and AFC declines across women may be greater in women exposed to more neighborhood poverty. Neighborhood poverty was assessed by geocoding and linking women's residential addresses in adulthood to US Census data.

Results
Independent of covariates, a significant interaction term showed the association between age and AMH varied by degree of exposure to neighborhood poverty in adulthood (b = −0.001, P < 0.05). AMH declines increased progressively across women exposed to low, medium, and high levels of neighborhood poverty. In addition, main effects showed that higher neighborhood poverty was related to higher AMH in the younger women only (b = 0.022, P < 0.01). Results related to AFC were all nonsignificant (P > 0.05).

Conclusions
Across women, greater aggregate exposure to neighborhood poverty in adulthood was related to lower ovarian reserve, indexed by AMH. In addition, there was a positive association between neighborhood poverty and AMH in younger women that attenuated in the older women. Together, results suggest that neighborhood disadvantage may have detrimental impacts that manifest as initially higher AMH, resulting in greater ovarian follicle loss over time. However, it remains unclear whether these results examining differences across women may replicate when AMH declines by neighborhood poverty are examined longitudinally.
Body composition, physical activity, and menopause symptoms: how do they relate?
Authors: Moore Sam R. , Cabre Hannah E. , Smith-Ryan Abbie E. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objective
This study characterized the impact of physical activity (light, moderate, and vigorous [VIG] active minutes per day) and body composition (percent body fat [%BF] and fat-free mass index) on total menopausal symptoms (TMSs) in 72 premenopausal, perimenopausal (PERI), or postmenopausal women.

Methods
Activity minutes were collected from wearable fitness trackers. Body composition was evaluated using a whole-body dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scan. TMSs were quantified using The North American Menopause Society Questionnaire.

Results
Significant associations were observed between TMSs and %BF (r = 0.464, P < 0.001) and VIG (r = −0.245, P = 0.038). %BF and VIG were significant predictors for TMSs across groups (R
2 = 0.146 and R
2 = 0.092, respectively), but only %BF maintained for PERI (R
2 = 0.421, P < 0.001)

Conclusions
%BF predicted nearly half of the variance in PERI TMSs, whereas VIG predicted 9% of the sample variance, demonstrating an important influence of body fat accumulation and intense physical activity in the menopause transition. High-intensity exercise interventions to alleviate body composition changes may also reduce menopausal-related symptoms for PERI women.