bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structures and fragmentations of Cobalt(II)–cysteine complexes in the gas phase
Authors: Buchmann William , Spezia Riccardo , Tournois Guewen , Cartailler Thierry , Tortajada Jeanine 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe electronebulization of a cobalt(II)/cysteine(Cys) mixture in water/methanol (50/50) produced mainly cobalt‐cationized species. Three main groups of the Co‐cationized species can be distinguished in the ESI‐MS spectrum: (1) the cobalt complexes including the cysteine amino acid only (they can be singly charged, for example, [Co(Cys)n− H]+ with n = 1–3 or doubly charged such as [Co + (Cys)2]2+); (2) the cobalt complexes with methanol: [Co(CH3OH)n− H]+ with n = 1–3, [Co(CH3OH)4]2+; and (3) the complexes with the two different types of ligands: [Co(Cys)(CH3OH) − H]+. Only the singly charged complexes were observed. Collision‐induced dissociation (CID) products of the [Co(Cys)2]2+, [Co(Cys)2 − H]+ and [Co(Cys) − H]+ complexes were studied as a function of the collision energy, and mechanisms for the dissociation reactions are proposed. These were supported by the results of deuterium labelling experiments and by density functional theory calculations. Since [Co(Cys) − H]+ was one of the main product ions obtained upon the CID of [Co(Cys)2]2+ and of [Co(Cys)2 − H]+ under low‐energy conditions, the fragmentation pathways of [Co(Cys) − H]+ and the resulting product ion structures were studied in detail. The resulting product ion structures confirmed the high affinity of cobalt(II) for the sulfur atom of cysteine. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The reduced scalar potential in regions with permeable materials: Reasons for loss of accuracy and cancellation
Authors: Balac S. , Caloz G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPractical three‐dimensional magnetic field problems usually involve regions containing current sources as well as regions with magnetic materials. For computational purposes, the use of the reduced scalar potential (RSP) as unknown has the advantage to transform a problem for a vector field throughout the space into a problem for a scalar function, thus reducing the number of degrees of freedom in the discretization. However, in regions with high magnetic permeability the use of the RSP alone usually results in severe loss in accuracy and it is recommended to use both the RSP and the total scalar potential. Using an asymptotic expansion, we investigate theoretically the underlying reasons for this lack of accuracy in permeable regions when using the RSP as a unique potential. Moreover, this investigation leads to an efficient numerical method to compute the magnetic field in regions with high magnetic permeability. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Winter snow depth variability over northern Eurasia in relation to recent atmospheric circulation changes
Authors: Popova V. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMean snow depth time‐series for February (1936–2001) over northern Eurasia (incl. Norway, Finland and the former USSR), interpolated into 5 × 5° grid points, are studied using empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis. First, five statistically significant rotated PCs are correlated to Northern Hemisphere (NH) teleconnection patterns at the 700 hPa height: North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), Polar‐Eurasia (Pol), Pacific‐North American (PNA), West Pacific (WP), and Scandinavia (Scand). The impact of the NH circulation modes on snow depth variations is evaluated using the multiple stepwise backward regression (MSBR).Analyses of the snow depth PCs indicate that within the northern Eurasia territory, there are several regions with snow accumulation, respondent to certain circulation modes. PC1 describes low‐frequency snow depth variation to the north from 55 to 60°N between the White Sea and the Lena river basin, and is positively correlated with NAO and negatively—with Scand. MSBR shows that in 1951–1974 the leading role in snow depth variability belongs to Scand. After 1975, Scand has passed over the leading role to NAO. Scand and NAO are also responsible for the surface air temperature changes over the northern Eurasia. Snow depth PC1 and wintertime temperature are closely related to each other. PC2 describes quasi‐decadal snow depth variability over eastern Europe and is negatively correlated with NAO. For the Baltic and White Sea coasts, Fennoscandia, and the center of the East European plain, decrease of snow accumulation, related to a positive NAO phase, seems to be caused by mild winters. For the southwestern and central regions of eastern Europe, negative snow depth anomalies could also be caused by decrease of precipitation associated with the eastward shift of cyclone tracks related to the positive NAO phase. Two regions, where snow depth variations are described by PC1 and PC2, respectively, reveal the border between the opposite recent tendencies of snow accumulation. Copyright © 2007 Royal Meteorological Society
Antioxidant capacity of Spanish honeys and its correlation with polyphenol content and other physicochemical properties
Authors: Vela Lucía , de Lorenzo Cristina , Pérez Rosa Ana 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThirty‐six Spanish honeys of different floral origins (nectars and honeydews) were assessed to estimate their radical‐scavenging capacity against the stable free radical DPPH (1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl), their ability to inhibit enzymatic browning in apple homogenate and their clarifying effect on apple juice. These capacities were evaluated spectrophotometrically. Physicochemical parameters such as pH, acidity, net absorbance, electrical conductivity and total polyphenol content of the samples were also evaluated. It was observed that all these parameters presented a strong correlation with radical‐scavenging capacity, whereas antibrowning capacity had a low correlation with conductivity and no correlation with honey pH. When data of nectar and honeydew honeys were evaluated separately, net absorbance and honey acidity seemed to be good parameters to evaluate the antioxidant activity of nectar honeys; however, in honeydew honeys there were only relationships between radical‐scavenging activity and honey conductivity and between browning inhibition of homogenates and total acidity. In general, honeydew honeys showed higher antioxidant capacities than nectar honeys. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry
Use of ozone in a lettuce‐washing process: an industrial trial
Authors: Hassenberg Karin , Idler Christine , Molloy Eleanor , Geyer Martin , Plöchl Matthias , Barnes Jeremy 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBacteria such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. may cause serious problems for the quality maintenance of pre‐packaged lettuces. The aim of this study was to evaluate the bactericidal effect of ozonated water in the washing of iceberg lettuce. For this purpose an ozone generator was integrated into a commercial lettuce‐washing facility. Lettuce samples were removed from this process and analysed for mesophilic total viable count (TVC), E. coli, Salmonella spp., vitamin C and sugar content. The analyses were carried out either directly after washing or at the end of best‐before date (BBD), in which lettuces were stored at 4 °C for 6 days. Water samples were analysed for total organic carbon (TOC) content and pH. Through the addition of ozone to the wash water the quality of lettuce during storage time was unaffected while there was only a limited observed decrease in populations of microorganisms. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry
Factors predictive for long‐term survival of male patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after curative resection
Authors: Zhou Li , Rui Jing‐An , Wang Shao‐Bin , Chen Shu‐Guang , Qu Qiang , Chi Tian‐Yi , Wei Xue , Han Kai , Zhang Ning , Zhao Hai‐Tao 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesCurative hepatic resection (CHR) was a modality that provides possibility of long‐term survival for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). So far, prognostic factors of male patients with HCC after CHR remain unclear. Purposes of the present study were to identify these factors and to compare them with those for females.MethodsConsecutive 151 male and 23 female patients with HCC undergoing CHR were enrolled in this retrospective study. Their prognostic factors were identified by uni‐ and multi‐variate statistical analysis.ResultsOne‐, three‐ and five‐year overall and disease‐free survival of male patients were 82.4, 51.5, and 43.6%, and 65.8, 33.7, and 21.7%, respectively, with no significant differences compared to females. Univariate analysis showed that tumor size, TNM staging, Edmondson‐Steiner grade, serum α‐fetoprotein (AFP) level, presence of portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) and satellite nodule were significant for males with HCC, but only Edmondson‐Steiner grade, presence of PVTT and satellite nodule were independent. For females, Edmondson‐Steiner grade was the single potential indicator for survival.ConclusionsMalignant degree and invasive phenotypes were main factors that independently influenced survival of male patients with HCC after CHR. Among them, histological grade, which was also potentially significant for females, was the most powerful survival predictor. J. Surg. Oncol. 2007;95:298–303. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Understanding Multicompartment Micelles Using Dissipative Particle Dynamics Simulation
Authors: Zhong Chongli , Liu Dahuan 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMulticompartment micelles are a new class of nanomaterials that may find wide applications in the fields of drug delivery, nanotechnology and catalysis. Due to their structural complexity, as well as the wide parameter space to explore, experimental investigations are a difficult task, to which molecular simulation may contribute greatly. In this paper, the application of the dissipative particle dynamics simulation technique to the understanding of multicompartment micelles is introduced, illustrating that DPD is a powerful tool for identifying new morphologies by varying block length, block ratio and solvent quality in a systematic way. The formation process of multicompartment micelles, as well as shear effects and the self‐assembly of nanoparticle mixtures in multicompartment micelles, can also be studied well by DPD simulation. The present work shows that DPD, as well as other simulation techniques and theories, can complement experiments greatly, not only in exploring properties in a wider parameter space, but also by giving a preview of phenomena prior to experiments. DPD, as a mesoscopic dynamic simulation technique, is particularly useful for understanding the dynamic processes of multicompartment micelles at a microscopic level.magnified image
Bank monitoring, managerial ownership and Tobin's Q: an empirical analysis for India
Authors: Ghosh Saibal 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe paper examines how banking relationships and managerial ownership relate to firm valuation. It is argued that both the number of banking relationships (which serves as an external monitoring function) and managerial ownership (which serves as an internal monitoring function) affect firm value, while internal monitoring by managers and external monitoring by banks were viewed as substitutes or complements. After controlling for the effect of exogenous variables, the results reveal the existence of a complementary monitoring effect between banks and the managerial group. On the other hand, the results indicate that increased external monitoring by banks will simultaneously raise the incentive on the part of managers to engage in internal monitoring. Also, firm valuation is found to be a significant determinant of managerial ownership. A disaggregated analysis of firms according to size and leverage suggests the existence of a complementary monitoring effect between banks and managers, except for small‐sized firms. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Instep free flap for plantar soft tissue reconstruction: Indications and options
Authors: Scheufler Oliver , Kalbermatten Daniel , Pierer Gerhard 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPedicled instep flaps are frequently used in weight‐bearing plantar reconstruction, but may not be available after severe foot injuries. Although free instep flaps offer a viable option, they have scarcely been reported. A posttraumatic plantar forefoot defect was reconstructed with a sensate, instep free flap, because local flaps were not available and defect size did not require a distant free flap, and the current literature was reviewed for therapeutic options. The instep free flap yielded an excellent functional and aesthetic long‐term result. In the literature, pedicled instep flaps are advocated for moderate size defects of the weight‐bearing heel and sole, while free flaps from distant sites are preferred for large defects. Although skin‐grafted muscle flaps and fasciocutaneous flaps yield similar results, reconstruction by like tissues appears favorable. We suggest the instep free flap for weight‐bearing plantar foot reconstruction, when pedicled instep flaps are not available and distant free flaps are avoidable. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery, 2007.
One‐stage reconstruction of complicated thumb injury with combination of microsurgical transplantations
Authors: Cong Hai‐Bo , Chang Shi‐Min , Qiao Yong‐Ping , Wang Chen‐Lin , Sui Hai‐Ming , Cong Lu 
Published: February 2007

AbstractComplicated thumb loss of the hand still remains a great challenge to hand and microsurgeons. In this article, we report our technique and outcomes in 10 cases using one‐stage microsurgical procedures. In each case, three tissue transplants in combination with a sequential vascular anastomoses was performed, i.e. the second toe for the thumb, the extensor digitorum brevis for thenar opponent muscle, and the anterolateral thigh flap for the first web space, and adjacent soft tissue defects. All the transplants survived eventually. After an average of 6 years follow‐up, the results were very inspiring. Combined tissue transfer can hasten patient recovery and improve functional outcomes. However, this method needs meticulous technique and great experience in microsurgery. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery, 2007.
Chimerism induction in vascularized bone marrow transplants augmented with bone marrow cells
Authors: Arslan Emrah , Klimczak Aleksandra , Siemionow Maria 
Published: February 2007

AbstractComposite tissue allografts (CTAs) are currently accepted in the clinic; however, long‐term immunosuppression is still needed for allograft survival. The presence of donor‐specific chimerism may induce tolerance. Thirty‐six vascularized bone marrow transplantation (VBMT) allotransplantation were performed across MHC barrier under short‐term protocol of 7‐day αβ‐TCRmAb and Cyclosporin A therapy to determine the efficacy of VBMT alone and VBMT augmented with donor bone marrow transplantation (BMT) in chimerism induction. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that VBMT supported with donor BMT directly into the bone resulted in chimerism augmentation and maintenance compared to VBMT. In vivo and in vitro tolerance testing showed prolonged survival of donor skin graft up to 35 days and moderate reactivity in MLR assay that suggests only tolerance induction. Transplantation of vascularized bone without chronic immunosuppression provides a substantial source of bone marrow cells, leading to the development of stable donor‐specific chimerism. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery, 2007.
Effects of supplementation of BH4 after prolonged ischemia in skeletal muscle
Authors: Wang Wei Z. , Fang Xin‐Hua , Stephenson Linda L. , Khiabani Kayvan T. , Zamboni William A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPurpose: To determine whether the supplementation of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4, an essential cofactor of nitric oxide synthase; NOS) could attenuate endothelial dysfunction and improve NOS activity and cell viability in skeletal muscle after ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Methods:A vascular pedicle isolated rat cremaster muscle model was used. Cremaster muscles were subjected to 4 h of ischemia followed by 2 h of reperfusion. Rats were given either normal saline or BH4 by intravenous injection at 1 min prior to reperfusion. After reperfusion, average arteriole diameter, capillary perfusion, endothelial‐dependent/‐independent vasodilatation, NOS activity, and muscle cell viability were evaluated. Results: Supplementation of BH4 prior to reperfusion significantly attenuated reperfusion‐induced vasoconstriction, poor capillary perfusion, and endothelial dysfunction and enhanced cNOS activity and slightly improved cell viability in the skeletal muscle after I/R. Conclusion: Supplementation of BH4 during reperfusion provided a significant protection against I/R injury in rat skeletal muscle. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery, 2007.
Using high permittivity ceramic substrates to design a bandpass filter with open stub
Authors: Huang Cheng‐Liang , Wang Jun‐Jie , Chang Yu‐Pin 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe advantage of using high permittivity ceramic substrates is to miniaturize the sizes of microstrip bandpass filters. The selectivity and stopband rejection of the designed filters can be improved significantly by utilizing open stubs. The designed filter with appropriate open stub can create tunable transmission zero. These factors will reduce the size of the filter and increase its performance. The responses of the filters using Al2O3(εr= 9.8, tanδ = 0.0001) and 0.96(Mg0.95Zn0.05) TiO3‐0.04SrTiO3(εr= 20.7, tanδ = 0.00007) ceramic substrates are designed at a center frequency of 2.45 GHz. Finally, the open stub and high permittivity ceramic substrates are applied to the design of a direct‐coupled hairpin filter. The compact size, low‐loss, sharp response, and performance of the filter are presented in this article. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 771–773, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22252
A novel schema to design a compact, low loss, high rejection LTCC bandpass filter
Authors: Lee Wen‐His , Su Chi‐Yi , Yi Ching‐Chnag 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA novel design of compact comb‐line LTCC filter to have three attenuation poles including two attenuation poles in the lower stopband and an attenuation pole in the higher stopband is presented. The proposed filter has been implemented in 5‐layer ceramic tapes using LTCC technology and shows very promising electric properties performance. The insertion loss is less than 2 dB from 5.15 to 5.25 GHz in passband and the rejection of filter is very shape in the passband edge. The filter with novel schema design and implementing by LTCC has been demonstrated to possess simultaneously the low insertion loss and the high attenuation EM simulation results are well agreed with the measured results. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 896–898, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22254
Compact wide stopband low‐pass filter using rectangular patch compact microstrip resonant cell and defected ground structure
Authors: Dwari Santanu , Sanyal Subrata 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA new compact microstrip low‐pass filter (LPF) is presented using a novel rectangular patch compact microstrip resonant cell (RPCMRC) and square‐head defected ground structure (DGS). It exhibits wide, high stopband, and sharp rejection. A demonstration LPF having 3 dB cutoff frequency of 2.65 GHz was fabricated and measured. Measured rejection is better than 20 dB from 2.8 to 16 GHz. Electrical length of the filter is less than 20% of the guided wavelength at 3 dB cutoff frequency. Measured passband to stopband attenuation slope is more than 56 dB/GHz. Good match between experimental and simulated results are obtained. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 798–800, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22259
Design of parallel coupled‐line microstrip wideband bandpass filter using stepped‐impedance resonators
Authors: Hung Cheng‐Yuan , Weng Min‐Hang , Su Yan‐Kuin , Yang Ru‐Yuan 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn this article, a parallel coupled‐line microstrip wideband bandpass filter (PCM‐WBF) using stepped‐impedance resonators (SIRs) is designed and implemented on commercial printed circuit board (PCB) of RT/Duroid 5880 substrate. The first two resonant modes of the SIR are coupled together and they are applied to create a wide passband. The proposed filter at center frequency f0 of 5.76 GHz has very good measured characteristics including a bandwidth of 3.63–7.92 GHz (3‐dB fractional bandwidth of 74%) and a low insertion loss of −1 ± 0.9 dB. Experimental results of the fabricated filter show a good agreement with the predict results. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 795–798, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22260
Fiber optic displacement sensing monitored by an OTDR and referenced by Fresnel reflection and by fiber Bragg gratings
Authors: Mendonça S. , Frazão O. , Baptista J. M. , Santos J. L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis work presents a study of displacement sensing based on a fiber eight geometry shape monitored by an optical time domain reflectometer. The displacement sensor is referenced by Fresnel reflection or by a fiber Bragg grating structure located after the sensor. One of the advantages of the fiber Bragg grating as referencing device is its capability to be multiplexed by a number of displacement sensors in series along the optical fiber. This concept is also demonstrated using two Bragg gratings. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 768–770, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22261
Double‐cladding Yb3+ fiber for free‐space optical communication
Authors: Kong Yong , Wang Chunyu 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe experiment result of Nd:YVO4 laser pumped by laser diode that was amplified by double‐cladding Yb3+ fiber is reported. Stable mode‐locking pulses are obtained at repetition rate of 320 MHz and the output power is 15 mW. When laser power is amplified by Yb3+‐doped double‐cladding fiber amplifier, its power can get to 600 mW. Based on these, experiment of double‐frequency is carried out, and green laser with power of 4 mW is obtained. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 889–892, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22264
Using efficient ray‐tracing techniques to predict propagation losses in indoor environments
Authors: Alves F. A. , Albuquerque M. R. M. L. , Silva S. G. , d'Assunção A. G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis paper addresses an efficient implementation of the 2.5D ray‐tracing propagation model to predict propagation losses in indoor environments. The analysis is based on the Shooting and Bouncing Rays technique and Uniform Theory of Diffraction. Besides the line‐of‐sight propagation, we consider that the radio waves may experience reflection, refraction, and diffraction (NLOS). The simulated results are validated by the measurement carried out in a teaching building at 1.8 GHz. Validation is also provided by comparisons with published data. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 854–858, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI.10.1002/mop.22266