bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing Seaweed-Based Dodol Production in Coastal Communities: A Case Study of Gracillaria verrucosa in Wisata Bahari Tlocor, Indonesia
Authors: Hudi Lukman , Budiandari Rahmah Utami , Prihatiningrum Andriani Eko 
Published: March 2024

This scientific article presents a case study on the development and implementation of a training program aimed at enhancing the production of seaweed-based dodol in Tlocor Kedungpandan Jabon Hamlet, Indonesia. Gracillaria verrucosa, an agar-producing red algae, holds promising potential for cultivation alongside shrimp and milkfish rearing. The study utilized a survey to assess the area's potential, engaged with local communities to identify challenges, and designed a training program accordingly. The training involved demonstrations and guidance on seaweed processing, handling, packaging, and marketing. The goal was to empower the community to produce high-quality seaweed dodol as a form of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) and provide unique local products for Wisata Bahari Tlocor, the tourist destination. The results demonstrated that with proper training and support, the community could independently produce quality seaweed dodol, thereby increasing their socio-economic well-being. The findings suggest the need for continued support in product development, packaging, marketing, licensing, and capital investment to fully leverage the potential of seaweed-based products in the region. This study highlights the significance of community-based initiatives in promoting sustainable economic growth and preserving local culinary heritage through seaweed-based dodol production.
Highlight:

Potential of Gracillaria verrucosa: This study explores the untapped potential of Gracillaria verrucosa seaweed as a valuable resource in aquaculture and as a basis for high-value processed products.
Dodol Production and Economic Value: The research emphasizes the importance of developing seaweed processing techniques to create "dodol" products with enhanced economic value and nutritional benefits.
Community-Based Approach: The article highlights the significance of community involvement and empowerment in promoting sustainable development and improving local livelihoods through seaweed-based products.

Keyword: Gracillaria Verrucosa, Seaweed Processing, Dodol Products, Community Empowerment, Sustainable Development
Environmental Management and Creative Economy through Technology-Based MSME Enterprises
Authors: Ambarwati Rita , Sulistiyowati Wiwik , Anshori Izza , Utomo Anggitha Listyo , Zanubah Nur Aniqotus , Nuriyanti Shinta 
Published: March 2024

This scientific article presents the outcomes of a community service initiative in Sumbergedang Village, Pandaan District, Pasuruan Regency, aimed at instilling a culture of environmental care and nurturing the creative economy. The study implemented various work programs, including the development of Information Technology-Based Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). Employing a mixed-methods approach, the research demonstrated significant improvements in people's motivation to create a cleaner and more comfortable environment while bolstering the growth of the community's creative economy. The implications of this study highlight the potential for similar interventions to drive positive environmental and economic changes in rural communities worldwide.
Highlights:

Development of Information Technology-Based MSMEs: The study focuses on leveraging modern technologies to support the growth of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in the community.
Environmental Stewardship: The initiative aims to instill a sense of responsibility and care for the environment among the residents of Sumbergedang Village.
Nurturing Creative Entrepreneurship: The project fosters an environment that encourages innovation and creativity, leading to the development of the community's creative economy.

Keywords: Environment, Creative Economy, MSME, Information Technology, Community Service
Efficiency and Productivity of Zakat Management Organization Before and During Pandemic Covid-19
Authors: Ardiani Ninda , Latifah Fitri Nur , Sudarso Satrio , Tiswanah Nuris 
Published: March 2024

This study investigates the efficiency and productivity of zakat institutions in Indonesia before and during the Covid-19 pandemic using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and the Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI). Our findings reveal that three out of the five zakat institutions exhibited efficiency at different periods. Notably, LAZ Al Azhar demonstrated consistent efficiency both before and during the pandemic, while LAZISNU was efficient in 2019-2020 but experienced inefficiency in 2021. Additionally, LAZ Rumah Zakat exhibited an increase in efficiency in 2020 but regressed to inefficiency in 2021, primarily attributed to excessive distribution of ZIS funds in each institution. These findings highlight the urgent need for standardization and optimization of zakat management to unlock its immense potential for equitable distribution and impact during times of crisis, offering valuable insights for policymakers and zakat institutions globally.
Highlights:

Standardization and Optimization: The absence of standardized zakat management contributes to suboptimal collection and distribution of zakat funds in Indonesia.
DEA and MPI Analysis: Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and the Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI) serve as effective methods to evaluate the operational efficiency and productivity of zakat institutions.
Implications for Global Zakat Institutions: Understanding the dynamics of zakat efficiency during crises can offer valuable insights for similar institutions worldwide to enhance their distribution impact and resource management.

Keywords: Zakat institutions, Efficiency, Productivity, Indonesia, Covid-19 pandemic.
The Effect Of ZPT Types and Concentration on The Growth Of Kebiul Plant Cuttings (Caesalpinia bonduc L.)
Authors: Heryanto Valen , Harini Ririn , Podesta Fiana , Fitriani Dwi , Usman Usman 
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this study is to find out the effect of ZPT types and concentrations on the growth of cuttings of Kebiul plants (Caesalpinia bonduc L). The design used is a factorial complete randomized design (CRD) with 2 factors, namely the first factor is the type of Growth Regulatory Substance Giberelin, Auxin and Cytokinins, while the second is concentration control, 15 mg/l, 30 mg/l, and 45mg/l. Based on the tested levels of the two factors, 12 treatment combinations were obtained. Each treatment combination was repeated 3 times and 36 experimental units. The results of this study indicate that the interaction has no significant effect between the types of synthetic ZPT treatments and concentrations on all parameters and observations. The results of the study were analyzed using Analysis of Variety and if they had a significant effect, further tests were carried out using Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at 5% level. Treatment of synthetic ZPT types significantly affected the length of shoots 9.12 WAP and the number of shoots 9 WAP, very significantly affected the number of shoots 3.12 MST, the number of leaves 9.12 WAP, root length and number of roots. Treatment Concentration had a significant effect on the number of shoots 9 MST, and the percentage of living cuttings, however it had a very significant effect on shoot length 3, 6, 9 MST, number of shoots 6, 12 MST, number of leaves 3, 6, 9 12 MST, root length and number of roots on Kebiul plant cuttings.
The Effect Of Physical Treatment and Concentration Of KNO3 Against The Breakdown Of Dormancy and Growth Seeds Of Bile Plants (Caesalpinia Bonduc. L )
Authors: Rosidah Nurul , Podesta Fiana , Fitriani Dwi , Harini Ririn , Suryadi Suryadi 
Published: March 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of physical treatment and concentration of KNO3 on the breakdown of dormancy and seed growth of bile plants (Caesalpinia bonduc L). The design used is RAL Factorial with 2 factors, namely the first factor Physical treatment (F): F0 (Control), F1 (sanding), F2 (wounding), while the second factor KNO3 concentration (K): K0 (Control), K1 (0.1%), K2 (0.2%), K3 (0.3%) Each treatment is repeated 3 times. The results of the data were analyzed using fingerprint analysis (ANOVA) and if the difference was marked, Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was carried out at 5%. The results showed the interaction of physical treatment and KNO3 concentration on Growing Percentage, Plant Height 2, 6, 8, 10 MST and Root Length. and In physical treatment has a very noticeable effect on Growing speed, growing percentage, Plant height 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 MST, Number of leaves 4, 6, 8, 10 MST, Root length, as well as on KNO3 b Concentration Treatment It has a very real effect on Growing Speed, Growing Percentage, Plant Height, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 MST, Leaf count 4 MST, Root length and has a significant effect on leaf count 6, 8, 10 MST.
Molecular Characteristics Study of The Plants of Two Species Form The Genus Eruca Mill of The Brassicaceae Family, Which are Growing in Iraq
Authors: Al.Taie Ghassan Radam Idan 
Published: March 2024

The Internal Transcribed Spacer ITS method was used to diagnose the two species (Eruca sativa Mill. And Eruca vesicaria L.) These plants belong to the Eruca Mill genus from the Brassicaceae family. This study was conducted during the spring season of the year (2022-2023), as all samples were taken from different regions in Iraq, after being classified from the Iraqi flora. (E. sativa Mill and E. vesicaria L) of the Brassicaceae family to find out the degree of relatedness between the two species. of wildly growing plants in iraq, as the Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA bundles were extracted from agarose gel and the process of finding the sequence of nitrogenous bases was performed. Eruca two species. E. sativa Mill. And E. vesicaria L. which belong to the Brassicaceae family. With a percentage of 100% and 99.83% concordance. This method is considered one of the accurate methods in the diagnosis of genus at the level of the one species and between two species in addition to its ease to compare and and differentiate between the two species.
Synthesis of Novel N-Substituted Dimethylmaleimidyl Esters and Their Applications as Plasticizers for Poly(Vinyl Chloride)
Authors: Al-Azzawi Ahlam Marouf 
Published: March 2024

Three N-(hydroxylphenyl) dimethylmaleimides were directly prepared in good yields (81-86)% from the reaction of dimethylmaleic anhydride with amino phenols.
The prepared imides were esterified to the corresponding benzoates, methacrylates and cinnamates via their reaction with different acid chlorides in the presence of triethylamine.
The prepared esters were tested as plasticizers for PVC via preparing of thirty six samples of PVC with the prepared esters in certain weight ratio followed by recording their softening points.	Comparison the results with the universal plasticizers for PVC (DOP) and (DBP) indicated that the prepared esters in general have high plasticizing efficiency.
The effect of doping ratio of Cu on the structural properties of CdSe Films
Authors: Al-Fawad E.M.N. 
Published: March 2024

Films of CdSe have been prepared by evaporation technique with thickness 1µm. Doping with Cu was achieved using annealing under argon atmosphere . The Structure properties of these films are investigated by X-ray diffraction analysis. The effect of Cu doping on the orientation , relative intensity, grain size and the lattice constant has been studied. The pure CdSe films have been found consist of amorphous structure with very small peak at (002)	plane. The films were polycrystalline for doped CdSe with (1&2wt%) Cu contents and with lattice constant (a=3.741,c=7.096)A°, and it has better crystallinty as the Cu contents increased to (3&5wt%) Cu. The reflections from [(002), (102). (110), (112), and (201)]planes are more prominent referring to hexagonal unit cell. Therefore the crystal structure of CdSe:Cu films are hexagonal at Cu content (pure, 1&2wt%)	with a sharpness and also in the hexagonal form at	(3&5wt%).The crystalline size were found to depend on concentration of doping materials, and it is varied between (20.3-81.4)nm and increased with Cu content.
Wheat response to increase levels of Urea fertilizer
Authors: Al-Saady Hassan Abdul Razak Ali 
Published: March 2024

Pots experiment was conducted in the green house of Biology Department, College of Education ( Ibn-AL-Haithum), University of Baghdad , during the growing season of 2005-2006 , to study the effect of five levels of urea fertilizer (0,50,100,150and 200) mg/pot in on vegetative growth of one wheat cultivar (Adanania) upon randomized complete block design with four replications.	The results showed that significant difference between urea fertilizer levels above in vegetative growth characteristics ( plant height , leaf area , chlorophyll content, dry matter weight , relative efficiency and relative yield )	It was also showed that 200 mg/pot level was superior to urea fertilizer levels others in above characteristics studied except relative yield .
Comparison between the efficiency of serological tests for Identification of Brucellosis
Authors: Hade Anan , Jasem Kefah A. , Hamade Karema H. , Abood Zeaid H. 
Published: March 2024

Five serological methods for detection of Brucella were compaired in this study, Four of the methods are commonely used in the detections:-
1-Rose-Bengal: as primary screening test which depends on detecting antibodies in the blood serum.
2-IFAT: which detects IgG and IgM antibodies in the serum.
3-ELISA test: which detects IgG antibodies in the serum.
4-2ME test: which detects IgG antibodies
The fifth methods. It was developed by a reasercher in one of the health centers in Baghdad. It was given the name of spot Immune Assay (SIA).
Results declares that among (100) samples of patients blood, 76, 49, 49, 37, and 28. samples were positive to Rose Bengal, ELISA, SIA, 2ME and IFAT tests, respectively.
When efficiency, sensitivity and specificity of the serological methods were compaired, the Following results were obtained:
a)	ELISA and SIA were superiors among the other confirming methods (2ME and IFAT) in detecting the highest cases (49 cases); 46 of them were from the (76) cases positive to Rose Bengal The confirmatory test 2ME was not efficient in detecting low concentrations of IgG antibodies when less than half (37) of the total positive cases (76) were detected by this test.
b)	IFAT test was the least efficient confirmatory test among all other test.
c)	As a new confirmatory test, SIA proved to be an efficient and serological test for Brucella detection in comparison with other tests. It is an easy to use test, rapid and could be performed without need to the expensive equipment .
Detection of the Typical Condition of chitinase Production from the Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae S4
Authors: Ahmad Miaes Emad , Hassan Shatha Salman 
Published: March 2024

Five Saccharomyces cerevisiae isolated from the ability of chitinase production from the isolates were studied.	Quantitative screening appeared that Saccharomyces cerevisiae S4 was the highest chitinase producer specific activity 1.9 unit/mg protein. The yeast was culture in liquid and solid state fermentation media (SSF). Different plant obstanases were used for (SSF) with the chitine, while liquid media contained chitine with the diffrented nitrogen source. The favorable condition for chitinase producers were incubated at 30 ºC at pH 6 and 1% colloidal chitine.
Two telomere-to-telomere gapless genomes reveal insights into Capsicum evolution and capsaicinoid biosynthesis
Authors: Guo Li , Chen Weikai , Wang Xiangfeng , Sun Jie , Wang Xinrui , Zhu Zhangsheng , Ayhan Dilay Hazal , Yi Shu , Yan Ming , Zhang Lili , Meng Tan , Mu Yu , Li Jun , Meng Dian , Bian Jianxin , Wang Ke , Wang Lu , Chen Shaoying , Chen Ruidong , Jin Jingyun , Li Bosheng , Zhang Xingping , Deng Xingwang , He Hang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Chili pepper (Capsicum), one of oldest domesticated crops in human history, is best known for its unique fruit pungency given by capsaicinoids. The evolutionary history of capsaicinoid biosynthesis and the mechanism of tissue-specificity remain obscured due to the lack of high-quality Capsicum genomes. Here, we assembled two telomere-to-telomere (T2T) gap-free genomes for C. annuum and its wild non-pungent relative C. rhomboideum to dissect the evolution of fruit pungency in chili peppers. We precisely delineated Capsicum centromeres which, unlike Arabidopsis and human centromeres, lacked high-copy centromeric tandem repeats but were extensively invaded by CRM LTR retrotransposons. Phylogenomics estimated the evolutionary timings of capsaicinoid biosynthesis, and revealed eroded coding and regulatory regions of key biosynthesis genes in non-pungent species such as C. rhomboideum. We also found conserved placenta-specific accessible chromatin regions likely allowing tissue-specific biosynthesis gene co-regulation. Finally, from detected copy number variants of capsaicinoid biosynthesis genes using the C. annuum T2T genome as reference, we trained a machine-learning model to predict pungency for genomic selection. The new T2T genomic resources will accelerate chili pepper breeding, metabolic engineering and enrich our understanding of Capsicum biology and genome evolution.
Epicardial placement of human placental membrane allografts in coronary artery bypass graft surgery is associated with reduced post-operative atrial fibrillation
Authors: Khalpey Zain , Kumar Ujjawal , Hitscherich Pamela , Deckwa Jessa , Chnari Evangelia , Long Marc 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Post-operative atrial fibrillation (POAF) occurs in up to 40% of patients following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and is associated with higher risk of stroke and mortality. This study investigates how POAF may be mitigated by epicardial placement of aseptically processed human placental membrane allografts (HPMAs) before pericardial closure in CABG surgery.

Methods
This retrospective observational study of patients undergoing CABG surgery excluded patients with pre-operative heart failure, chronic kidney disease, 1 or a history of atrial fibrillation. The “treatment” group (n = 24) had three HPMAs placed epicardially prior to partial pericardial approximation and chest closure; the control group (n = 54) did not receive HPMA.

Results
HPMA-treated patients saw a significant, greater than four-fold reduction in POAF incidence compared to controls (35.2% to 8.3%, p = 0.0136). Univariate analysis demonstrated that HPMA treatment was associated with an 83% reduction in POAF (OR = 0.17, p = 0.0248). Multivariable analysis yielded similar results (OR = 0.07, p = 0.0156) after controlling for other covariates. Overall length of stay (LOS) between groups was similar, but ICU LOS trended lower with HPMA treatment (p = 0.0677). Post-operative inotrope and pressor requirement were similar among groups. There was no new-onset post-operative heart failure, stroke or death reported up to thirty days in either group.

Conclusions
Epicardial HPMA placement can be a simple intervention at the end of CABG surgery that may provide a new approach to reduce post-operative atrial fibrillation by modulating local inflammation, possibly reducing ICU and hospital stay, and ultimately improving patient outcomes
Vestibular perceptual learning improves self-motion perception, posture, and gait in older adults
Authors: Fitze Daniel , Ertl Matthias , Radlinger Lorenz , Mast Fred 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Vestibular motion perception declines with age, increasing the risk of falling substantially.
We performed a two-week perceptual learning intervention using a self-motion direction discrimination task (2800 training trials per person) on a 6DOF motion platform in healthy older adults (n=40, aged 70-88yr).
Linear inter-aural and angular roll tilt vestibular thresholds improved with training (95\% credible interval for pre/post difference), suggesting altered sensitivity
post-training.
Moreover, improved perceptual abilities transfer to actual posture (reduced sway) and gait parameters.
Passive self-motion discrimination training provides a new and promising way to counteract age-related sensory decline. It can reduce the risk of falling, and thereby maintain individual autonomy and quality of life.
Molecular Dynamics Analysis of Subsurface Brittleness Mechanism of Nanocrystalline 3C-SiC Rough Friction Surface
Authors: Ning Xiang , Wu Nanxing , Zhang Rumeng , Liu Dongliang , Wang Xiang , Li Jiao 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

To study the effect of polycrystalline 3C-SiC rough friction surface on the mechanism of subsurface brittleness during nanocrystalline grinding. The mechanism of subsurface brittleness in the nano-grinding process of polycrystalline 3C-SiC friction surface is analyzed by molecular dynamics method. Combined with the characteristics of polycrystalline grains constructed by Voronoi method, the initial grinding model of rough friction surface polycrystalline 3C-SiC and diamond abrasive particles is constructed. The processing mechanism of 3C-SiC is analyzed by post-processing methods such as dislocation defect analysis, atomic arrangement analysis and stress analysis. At 2.6nm, "stress concentration" occurs between the abrasive particles and the workpiece, forming a "heart-shaped" force shape. The larger the grain size, the smaller the crystal hardness, the greater the possibility of crystal fracture, and it is obvious in the larger crystal size, crystal fracture and vacancy at 8nm. The results show that the rough friction surface of polycrystalline 3C-SiC helps to reduce the damage deformation of the subsurface, and the crossing mechanism between grain and grain boundary can also effectively improve the damage of the subsurface.
Chirality Induced Spin Selectivity in Chiral Crystals
Authors: Yan Binghai , Yan Qun , Li Yongkang , Felser Claudia 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Chirality is a fundamental property of great importance in physics, chemistry, and biology, and is recently found to generate unexpected spin polarization for electrons passing through organic molecules, known as chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS).
CISS shows promising application potential in spintronic devices, spin-controlled chemistry and enantiomer separation. It focuses on organic molecules that exhibit poor electronic conductivity and inherent complexities, such as the debated role of SOC at the molecule-metal interface.
In this work, we go beyond organic molecules and study chiral solids with excellent electrical conductivity, intrinsic SOC and topological electronic structures. We demonstrate that electrons exhibit both spin and orbital polarization as they pass through chiral crystals. Both polarization increases with material thickness before saturating to the bulk values.
The spin polarization is proportional to intrinsic SOC while the orbital polarization is insensitive to SOC. The large spin polarization comes with strong electrical magnetochiral anisotropy in the magneto-transport of these chiral crystals (e.g., RhSi). Our work reveals the interplay of chirality, electron spin, and orbital in chiral crystals, paving the way for developing chiral solids for chirality-induced phenomena.