bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Obsessive compulsive disorder in adults with rheumatic heart disease
Authors: Ashfaq-U-Rahaman  , Janardhan Reddy Y. C , Prabhavathi  , Pal Pramod Kumar 
Published: April 2007

Objective:There are considerable data on the possible association between streptococcal infection and obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), particularly the relation between Sydenham’s chorea (SC) and OCD. However, neuropsychiatric sequelae related to streptococcal infection are mainly reported in children. In this preliminary study, we examined prevalence of OCD in a group of adult subjects with established rheumatic heart disease (RHD). We hypothesized that the rate of OCD would be higher than the known general population rates.Method:One hundred adult subjects with RHD were evaluated for OCD and other comorbid psychiatric disorders using well-known psychiatric assessment tools. A qualified psychiatrist conducted the assessments. The diagnoses were made according to DSM-IV criteria.Results:The rate of clinical OCD and subclinical OCD was 10% and 3%, respectively (n= 13), a rate much higher than the 1–3% rate reported in general population. Of the 13 subjects, only three had a history of SC (23%).Conclusions:OCD could be a long-term sequel in adults with a history of rheumatic fever in childhood, even in the absence of frank chorea. The findings call for systematic research in this little explored area.
Formation of Bone around Titanium Implants Placed into Zero Wall Defects: Pilot Project Using Reinforced e‐PTFE Membrane and Autogenous Bone Grafts
Authors: Akimoto Ken , Becker William , Donath Karl , Becker Burton E. , Sanchez Raquel 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACT Background: Guided bone regeneration (GBR) frequently is used to augment implants with various types of bone defects. The defects often are grafted with different materials, yet there is insufficient evidence that these materials enhance bone‐to‐implant contacts. Purpose: The purpose of this pilot project was to test the principle of GBR to promote bone formation adjacent to commercially pure titanium implants placed within zero‐wall defects. Histologic and histomorphometric measurements were used to evaluate new bone formation. Materials and Methods: Under appropriate anesthesia, deep, wide defects were created within the mandibles of two large dogs. Buccolingual bone was removed to the depth of the defects leaving only the mesial and distal walls. Of the eight implants placed, three were augmented with titanium‐reinforced expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (e‐PTFE) barriers and autogenous bone chips. Three sites were augmented with barrier membranes only, and two sites were not augmented or grafted and served as controls. Seven months after surgery the dogs were sacrificed and block sections were taken for histologic evaluation. Results: Histologic and histomorphometric measurements were used to evaluate new bone formation. Results from this evaluation revealed bone formation at the membrane‐only sites and the membrane‐plus‐bone grafted sites. The bone grafts were completely incorporated by the newly formed marginal compact bone. For all treated sites, there was poor bone‐to‐implant contact. Histomorphometric measurements showed a trend toward greater bone formation at membrane‐treated sites compared with control sites. However, autogenous bone grafting did not seem to affect the amount of newly regenerated bone. Conclusions: Within the limits of this pilot project, findings show trends toward bone healing, indicating constant and enhanced bone regeneration over the exposed implant. Bone contact to the implant surface generally was poor.
Osseointegrated Implant for Single‐Tooth Replacement: A Retrospective Multicenter Study on Routine Use in Private Practice
Authors: Bianco Giuseppe , Di Raimondo Rosario , Luongo Giuseppe , Paoleschi Cesare , Piccoli Paolo , Piccoli Carlo , Rangert Bo 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACTBackground:Implant restorations first started with total edentulism. Later, the scientific community gave its approval for restorations in partial edentulism, and only recently some studies confirmed the validity of the treatment for single‐tooth replacement.Purpose:The purpose of the study was to evaluate implant survival and prosthesis stability of Brånemark implants (titanium screws) when used routinely for single‐tooth replacement in all regions.Materials and Methods:Two hundred and fourteen patients received 252 implants for single‐tooth replacement over a period of 8 years at five private clinics in Italy. The patients were treated in accordance with the protocol for Brånemark implants, and the data gathered have been analyzed according to established evaluation methods.Results:During the observation period, 10 failures were recorded and 229 restorations were carried out. After the first year of loading, the total cumulative survival rate (CSR) was 96%, which then remained stable over the study time. The most frequent complication was loosening of the abutment screws (n = 22), amounting to 35% of all of the complications. This problem was related mainly to earlier types of abutments, whereas the more recent design, CeraOne abutment, showed a low frequency of screw loosening.Conclusions:The high survival rate, which is similar to that presented for prospective multicenter studies for single‐tooth restorations with Brånemark implants, led to the conclusion that the use of this treatment modality is a reliable treatment for routine use in all oral regions.
Clinical Experiences of CNC‐Milled Titanium Frameworks Supported by Implants in the Edentulous Jaw: 1‐Year Prospective Study
Authors: Örtorp Anders , Jemt Torsten 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACT Background: A new type of titanium framework has been introduced, but so far no clinical reports have been made in this treatment modality. Purpose: The aim of this study was to report the clinical performance of implant‐supported prostheses with computer numeric controlled (CNC)‐milled titanium frameworks in the edentulous jaw and to compare the results with prostheses provided with conventional cast frameworks during the first year of function. Material and Methods: A consecutive group of 65 patients with 67 prostheses were provided with CNC‐milled titanium frameworks in 23 upper and 44 lower jaws. During the same period, 61 consecutive patients were treated on a routine basis with 31 upper and 31 lower conventional gold alloy casting prostheses. Clinical and radiographic 1‐year data were collected for both the test and control groups. Results: A total of 14 of 729 inserted implants were lost during the follow‐up period (1.9%). All prostheses were functioning after 1 year except a conventional prosthesis with a cast framework, which was replaced by an implant‐supported over‐denture due to implant loss. The 1‐year cumulative survival rate (CSR) was 100% and 97.8% for CNC prostheses and implants, respectively. The corresponding CSR for the control group was 98.3% and 98.3%, respectively. Few problems were reported in both groups, and the clinical and the radiologic performances were similar for both groups. No mechanical complications except some resin veneer fractures (n = 6) were observed. The mean marginal bone loss for the test group during the first year in function was 0.4 mm (SD = 0.35) and 0.4 mm (SD = 0.33) in the upper and lower jaws, respectively. A similar pattern of bone reaction was also observed in the control group. Conclusion: CNC‐milled titanium frameworks can be used as an alternative to conventional castings in the edentulous jaw, presenting similar clinical and radiologic performances as conventional cast frameworks during the first year of function.
Marginal Bone Level around Implants Assessed in Digital and Film Radiographs: In Vivo Study in the Dog
Authors: Borg Eva , Gröndahl Kerstin , Persson Leif G. , Gröndahl Hans‐Göran 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACT Background: One of the objectives of postoperative radiographic examinations of implants is to evaluate the marginal bone height and its changes over time. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of digital image processing on measurements of the marginal bone level around implants. Material and Methods: Implants in beagle dogs, used to study the development of peri‐implantitis and subsequent healing following treatment, were monitored with conventional radiography and a digital image plate system. Five observers measured the distance between a reference point and the bone level. Measurements in conventional radiographs were made with the use of an x‐ray viewer (2X) and a magnifying lens (7X). For the digital images, the system's built‐in measuring function was used together with five image processing techniques: edge enhancement (matrixes set on 5 and 25), inverted grey scale, single color highlight, and color intensity mapping together with the brightness and contrast control. From the time of maximum breakdown and the end of the experiment, histologic values were available. Results: Differences between techniques and observers increased toward the end of the healing period. Measurements made at maximum breakdown did not differ significantly from the histologic value. Measurements made after healing all methods, except that using edge enhancement and a 25 × 25 kernel, differed significantly from the histologic value by underestimating the bone level. Conclusions: Measurements of bone level around implants from digital radiographs are as accurate and precise as those from film images. In particular cases, the use of specific image processing algorithms may improve both accuracy and precision. After healing, the histologic specimens showed an incomplete bone fill in the crater with a remaining thin layer of connective tissue in contact with the fixture, and in such situations, the morphology of the bone will give a more complicated diagnostic task.
A Histomorphometric and Biomechanical Study of the Effect of Delayed Titanium Implant Placement in Irradiated Rabbit Bone
Authors: Johnsson Åse A. , Sawaii Toshihiro , Jacobson Magnus , Granström Gösta , Turesson Ingela 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACT Background: The time interval from irradiation to implant surgery has been considered an impact factor for implant integration in irradiated bone and the importance of a long interval between the radiation trauma and reconstructive bone surgery has been suggested. Purpose: The present study was undertaken to histomorphometrically and biomechanically analyze the effect of delayed implant placement on bone healing around titanium implants in irradiated bone. Materials and Methods: Rabbits were given a single dose of 15 Gy Cobalt60 radiation to one hind leg, the other hind leg serving as a control. Titanium screws were inserted into the femur and tibia directly and at 12 weeks and 52 weeks after irradiation. The implants were evaluated after a healing time of 8 weeks. The torques necessary for removal of the implants were measured. Histomorphometry with respect to bone‐metal contact and amount of bone surrounding the implants was performed. Results: The biomechanical force necessary to unscrew the titanium implants in the irradiated bone was significantly increased after a resting period of 1 year between irradiation and implant placement, compared to direct implant placement. The histornorphometric evaluation showed an improvement of bone healing around the implants in the irradiated bone, both after a resting period of 12 weeks and after 1 year compared to direct implant placement. Conclusions: It is concluded that a relatively long interval between irradiation and reconstructive bone surgery will improve osseointegration of titanium implants in irradiated rabbit bone.
Brånemark System® Wide Platform Implants for Single Molar Replacement: Clinical Evaluation of Prospective and Retrospective Materials
Authors: Polizzi Giovanni , Rangert Bo , Lekholm Ulf , Gualini Frederico , Lindström Håkan 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACT Background: The use of oral implants for single tooth replacement has become a predictable treatment modality. As single tooth loss is most common in posterior areas of the jaws, the use of the protocol is of specific interest in those regions. New implant designs aimed at this purpose have also been introduced. Purpose: The aim of the study was to present the outcomes for wide diameter implant treatment when being used in posterior areas of the jaws. Materials and Methods: This paper presents the 3‐year results of a prospective multicenter study (three clinics; n = 38 implants) and the 1‐year results from a retrospective multicenter study (two clinics; n = 20 implants) on wide diameter implants for single molar replacement. Based on the hypothesis that dense bone in posterior mandibles would benefit from careful surgery and longer remodeling time, the influences of surgical technique and healing time on implant success and bone resorption were particularly addressed. Results: The outcome demonstrated a good predictability for Brånemark System® Wide Platform implants, at least short term, when used as single molar support (prospective group cumulative success rate [CSR] = 92% after 3 years; retrospective group CSR = 95% after 1 year). The increased mechanical strength of the wide platform implant/abutment complex also turned out to be important for mechanical stability. Conclusions: The study indicated that it was important to carefully perform surgery in posterior mandibles in order to preserve and optimally use the existing dense bone. It was suggested that from bone healing and remodeling aspects, posterior mandibles may be more demanding to handle than corresponding areas of maxillae.
Nonsubmerged Implants in the Treatment of the Edentulous Lower Jaw: A 5‐Year Prospective Longitudinal Study of ITI Hollow Screws
Authors: Hellem Solve , Karlsson Ulf , Almfeldt Ingvar , Brunell Gunnar , Hamp Sven‐Erik , Astrand Per 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACT Background: Although most implant systems have been designed for a two‐stage surgical technique, a one‐stage surgical technique has always been advocated for the ITI Dental Implant System (Straumann AG, Waldenburg, Switzerland). A new generation of ITI implants was presented in 1988 and included a hollow cylinder, a hollow screw, and a solid screw. Purpose: The goal of this study was to evaluate the one‐stage surgical technique in connection with the ITI hollow screw in a longitudinal study over 5 years. Materials and Methods: Forty‐six patients with edentulous lower jaws were supplied with ITI hollow‐screw implants. Patients who requested an overdenture (n = 18) had four implants inserted; those who requested a fixed bridge (n = 28) had five to six implants. The patients have been followed annually for 5 years. There was a dropout of three patients (6.5%); one patient did not want to cooperate, one moved from the area, and one was deceased. The clinical examinations included bridge removal for evaluation of the individual implant stability in connection with the 1‐, 3‐, and 5‐year examinations. Radiographic examinations were performed with intraoral radiographs and the long‐cone technique. Results: The survival rate after 5 years was 95.7%. The success rate (in which implants undergoing treatment of peri‐implantitis were not counted as successes) was 91.4%. The mean marginal bone loss between the baseline and the 1‐year examination was 0.1 mm and between the 1‐ and 5‐year examinations was 0.1 mm. These changes in marginal bone level were not significant. Conclusions: The success rate of ITI hollow‐screw implants in the edentulous mandible was 91.4% after a 5‐year observation period. There was no significant change in mean bone level between the loading of the implants and the 5‐year examination. Peri‐implantitis was diagnosed in three patients with poor oral hygiene, and it affected six implants. Five of these failed in spite of treatment.
EXPLICIT GEOMETRY ON A FAMILY OF CURVES OF GENUS 3
Authors: GUÀRDIA J. 
Published: April 2007

An explicit geometrical study of the curves[formula here]is presented. These are non-singular curves of genus 3, defined over ℚ(a). By exploiting their symmetries,
it is possible to determine most of their geometric invariants, such as their bitangent lines and their
period lattice. An explicit description is given of the bijection induced by the Abel–Jacobi map between
their bitangent lines and odd 2-torsion points on their jacobian. Finally, three elliptic quotients of these
curves are constructed that provide a splitting of their jacobians. In the case of the curve
[Cscr ]1±√2, which is isomorphic to the Fermat curve of degree 4, the computations yield
a finer splitting of its jacobian than the classical one.
Mice Lacking Components of Adaptive Immunity Show Increased
Brucella abortus virB
Mutant Colonization
Authors: Rolán Hortensia García , Tsolis Renée M. 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACT

The
Brucella abortus
type IV secretion system (T4SS), encoded by the
virB
genes, is essential for survival in mononuclear phagocytes in vitro. In the mouse model, a
B. abortus virB
mutant was initially able to colonize the spleen at the level of the wild type for approximately 3 to 5 days, which coincided with the development of adaptive immunity. To investigate the relationship between survival in macrophages cultivated in vitro and persistence in tissues in vivo, we tested the ability of mutant mice lacking components of adaptive immunity to eliminate the
virB
mutant from the spleen during a mixed infection with the
B. abortus
wild type.
Ifng
−/−
or β

2

m
−/−
mice were able to clear the
virB
mutant to the same degree as control mice. However, spleens of
Rag1
−/−
mice and
Igh6
−/−
mice were more highly colonized by the
virB
mutant than control mice after 14 to 21 days, suggesting that, in these mice, there is not an absolute requirement for the T4SS to mediate persistence of
B. abortus
in the spleen. Macrophages isolated from
Igh6
−/−
mice killed the
virB
mutant to the same extent as macrophages from control mice, showing that the reduced ability of these mice to clear the
virB
mutant from the spleen does not correlate with diminished macrophage function in vitro. These results show that in the murine model host, the T4SS is required for persistence beyond 3 to 5 days after infection and suggest that the T4SS may contribute to evasion of adaptive immune mechanisms by
B. abortus
.
Seed and agronomic QTL in low linolenic acid, lipoxygenase-free soybean (Glycine max(L.) Merrill) germplasm
Authors: Reinprecht Yarmilla , Poysa Vaino W. , Yu Kangfu , Rajcan Istvan , Ablett Gary R. , Pauls K. Peter 
Published: April 2007

Linolenic acid and seed lipoxygenases are associated with off flavours in soybean products. F5recombinant inbred lines (RILs) from a cross between a low linolenic acid line (RG10) and a seed lipoxygenase-free line (OX948) were genotyped for simple sequence repeats (SSR), random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), sequence-tagged sites (STS), and cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) markers and evaluated for seed and agronomic traits at 3 Ontario locations in 2 years. One hundred twenty markers covering 1247.5 cM were mapped to 18 linkage groups (LGs) in the soybean composite genetic map. Seed lipoxygenases L-1 and L-2 mapped as single major genes to the same location on LG G13-F. L-3 mapped to LG G11-E. This is the first report of a map position for L-3. A major quantitative trait locus (QTL) associated with reduced linolenic acid content was identified on LG G3-B2. QTLs for 12 additional seed and agronomic traits were detected. Linolenic acid content, linoleic acid content, yield, seed mass, protein content, and plant height QTL were present in at least 4 of 6 environments. Three to 8 QTLs per trait were detected that accounted for up to 78% of total variation. Linolenic acid and lipoxygenase loci did not overlap yield QTL, suggesting that it should be possible to develop high-yielding lines resistant to oxidative degradation by marker-assisted selection (MAS).
Mapping of major spot-type and net-type net-blotch resistance genes in the Ethiopian barley line CI 9819
Authors: Manninen O.M. , Jalli M. , Kalendar R. , Schulman A. , Afanasenko O. , Robinson J. 
Published: April 2007

Net blotch of barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.), caused by the fungal phytopathogen Pyrenophora teres Drechs. f. teres Smedeg., constitutes one of the most serious constraints to barley production worldwide. Two forms of the disease, the net form, caused by P. teres f. teres, and the spot form, caused by P. teres f. maculata, are differentiated by the type of symptoms on leaves. Several barley lines with major gene resistance to net blotch have been identified. Earlier, one of these was mapped in the Rolfi × CI 9819 cross to barley chromosome 6H, using a mixture of 4 Finnish isolates of P. teres f. teres. In this study, we used the same barley progeny to map resistance to 4 spot-type isolates and 4 net-type isolates of P. teres. With all net-type isolates, a major resistance gene was located on chromosome 6H, in the same position as described previously, explaining up to 88% of the phenotypic variation in infection response in the progeny. We designate this gene Rpt5. Several minor resistance genes were located on chromosomes 1H, 2H, 3H, 5H, and 7H. These minor genes were not genuinely isolate-specific, but their effect varied among isolates and experiments. When the spot-type isolates were used for infection, a major isolate-specific resistance gene was located on chromosome 5H, close to microsatellite marker HVLEU, explaining up to 84% of the phenotypic variation in infection response in the progeny. We designate this gene Rpt6. No minor gene effects were detected in spot-type isolates. The Ethiopian 2-rowed barley line CI 9819 thus carries at least 2 independent major genes for net-blotch resistance: Rpt5, active against net-type isolates; and Rpt6, active against specific spot-type isolates.
Genetic susceptibility to heart disease in Canada: lessons from patients with familial hypercholesterolemia
Authors: Hegele Robert A. 
Published: April 2007

Much of the recent progress in treating patients with heart disease due to narrowed coronary arteries has resulted from studying disease evolution in patients with rare monogenic forms of disease. For instance, autosomal dominant familial hypercholesterolemia (FH, MIM (Mendelian Inheritance in Man) 143890) typically results from heterozygous mutations in LDLR encoding the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor. Deficient LDLR activity results in elevated circulating LDL cholesterol, which accumulates within blood vessel walls, forming arterial plaques that can grow and eventually occlude the arterial lumen. Heterozygous LDLR mutations are usually detected using exon-by-exon sequence analysis (EBESA) of genomic DNA, a technology that has identified ~50 mutations in heterozygous FH (HeFH) subjects in Ontario. However, ~35% of Ontario HeFH patients had no EBESA-identified LDLR mutation. The diagnostic gap relates both to the genetic heterogeneity of FH and also to inadequate sensitivity of EBESA to detect certain mutation types, such as large deletions or insertions in LDLR. By means of a dedicated method to detect copy number variations (CNVs), additional heterozygous mutations in LDLR ranging from ~500 to >15 000 bases were uncovered, accounting for most of the remainder of Ontario HeFH patients. The appreciation of the key role of genomic CNVs in disease coincides with recent genome-wide mapping studies demonstrating that CNVs are common in apparently healthy people. CNVs thus represent a new level of genomic variation that is both an important mechanism of monogenic disease and a contributor to genomic variation in the general population; as well, it may have implications for evolution, biology, and possibly susceptibility to common complex diseases.