bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The speed of adjustment of financial ratios: A hierarchical Bayesian approach using mixtures
Authors: Gargallo Pilar , Salvador Manuel , Gallizo José Luis 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThis paper presents a hierarchical Bayesian analysis of the partial adjustment model of financial ratios using mixture models, an approach that allows us to estimate the distribution of the adjustment coefficients. More particularly, it enables us to analyse speed of reaction in the presence of shocks affecting financial ratios objectives as a basis to establish homogenous groups of firms. The proposed methodology is illustrated by examining a set of ratios for a sample of firms operating in the U.S. manufacturing sector. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Simulated microgravity activates MAPK pathways in fibroblasts cultured on microgrooved surface topography
Authors: Loesberg W. A. , Walboomers X. F. , van Loon J. J. W. A. , Jansen J. A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThis study evaluated in vitro the differences in morphological behaviour between fibroblast cultured on smooth and microgrooved substrata (groove depth: 0.5 μm, width: 1 μm), which were subjected to simulated microgravity. The aim of the study was to clarify which of these parameters was more dominant to determine cell behaviour. Morphological characteristics were investigated using scanning electron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy in order to obtain qualitative information on cell alignment. Expression of collagen type I, and α1‐, β1‐, β3‐integrin were investigated by QPCR. Finally, immunoblotting was applied to visualise MAPK signalling pathways. Microscopy and image analysis showed that the fibroblasts aligned along the groove direction on all textured surfaces. On the smooth substrata, cells had spread out in a random fashion. The alignment of cells cultured on grooved surfaces under simulated microgravity, after 48 h of culturing appeared similar to those cultured at 1g, although cell shape was different. Analysis of variance proved that all main parameters: topography, gravity force, and time were significant. In addition, gene levels were reduced by simulated microgravity particularly those of β3‐integrin and collagen, however alpha‐1 and beta‐1 integrin levels were up‐regulated. ERK1/2 was reduced in RPM, however, JNK/SAPK and p38 remained active. The members of the small GTPases family were stimulated under microgravity, particularly RhoA and Cdc42. The results are in agreement that application of microgravity to fibroblasts promotes a change in their morphological appearance and their expression of cell‐substratum proteins through the MAPK intracellular signalling pathways. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Nebulette interacts with filamin C
Authors: Holmes William B. , Moncman Carole L. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe actin‐binding proteins, nebulette, and nebulin, are comprised of a four‐domain layout containing an acidic N‐terminal region, a repeat domain, a serine‐rich‐linker region, and a Src homology‐3 domain. Both proteins contain homologous N‐terminal regions that are predicted to be in different environments within the sarcomere. The nebulin acidic N‐terminal region is found at the distal ends of the thin filaments. Nebulette, however, is predicted to extend 150 nm from the center of the Z‐line. To dissect out the functions of the N‐terminal domain of nebulette, we have performed a yeast two‐hybrid screen using nebulette residues 1–86 as bait. We have identified filamin‐C, ZASP‐1, and tropomyosin‐1 as binding partners. Characterization of the nebulette‐filamin interaction indicates that filamin‐C predominantly interacts with the modules. These data suggest that filamin‐C, a known component of striated muscle Z‐lines, interacts with nebulette modules. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
On sparse reconstruction from Fourier and Gaussian measurements
Authors: Rudelson Mark , Vershynin Roman 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThis paper improves upon best‐known guarantees for exact reconstruction of a sparse signal f from a small universal sample of Fourier measurements. The method for reconstruction that has recently gained momentum in the sparse approximation theory is to relax this highly nonconvex problem to a convex problem and then solve it as a linear program. We show that there exists a set of frequencies Ω such that one can exactly reconstruct every r‐sparse signal f of length n from its frequencies in Ω, using the convex relaxation, and Ω has size

A random set Ω satisfies this with high probability. This estimate is optimal within the log logn and log3r factors. We also give a relatively short argument for a similar problem with k(r, n) ≈ r[12 + 8 log(n/r)] Gaussian measurements. We use methods of geometric functional analysis and probability theory in Banach spaces, which makes our arguments quite short. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Analysis and selection criteria of BSIM4 flicker noise simulation models
Authors: Noulis T. , Siskos S. , Sarrabayrouse G. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractCMOS transistors' noise performance is mainly dominated by flicker (1/f) noise. BSIM4.X MOSFET simulation model develops two distinct models, SPICE‐Flicker and BSIM‐Flicker, to calculate flicker noise. In this paper, these two models are analytically examined and compared to noise measurements, using an NMOS and a PMOS device fabricated in 0.6µm process by Austria Mikro Systeme (AMS). MOSFET 1/fnoise measurements and the respective simulations were obtained under various bias conditions, as to study which flicker noise model is the optimum in each operating region. Measurement temperature was constant at 295 K. Comparisons suggest that in an NMOS transistor operating in the triode or saturation region, BSIM‐Flicker model is accurate and therefore preferable. In a PMOS transistor, the most suitable model to describe its 1/fnoise performance in the linear regime is also BSIM‐Flicker, whereas SPICE‐Flicker is more preferable in saturation. In NMOS transistors, the selected model provides a great accurate description of flicker noise, contrary to PMOS transistors, where simulation models appear to be quite unreliable and need further improvement. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Current mode filters using two output inverting CCII
Authors: Soliman Ahmed M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractCurrent mode Tow Thomas filter using two‐output inverting second‐generation current conveyor is given, the circuit has low input impedance, employs two grounded capacitors and three grounded resistors and has independent control on Q. A universal current mode filter capable of realizing the five filter functions is also given. Both circuits have low sensitivities to all circuit components. Spice simulation results are included. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Flow cytometry for the rapid detection of bacteria in cell culture production medium
Authors: McHugh Irene O. L. , Tucker Ayly Ling 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe rapid and sensitive detection of microbial contaminants is critical for timely contamination investigations and monitoring of process control for in vitro protein production systems. A flow cytometric method was developed to monitor two types of cell culture media used in large scale protein production. The process used a DNA dye, thiazole orange, which binds to nucleic acids of viable and nonviable organisms. To ensure a representative sample was tested and to enhance the detection limit, a concentration step before staining and analysis included a double centrifugation. In addition, a washing step was included to eliminate background fluorescence caused by material in the media formulations. The staining and analysis of concentrated and washed samples takes ∼0.5 h and provides objective results. The feasibility of the method was demonstrated by spiking sterile media with six bacterial species that represent the most commonly encountered bacterial contaminants. In addition to the bacterial spiking study, 164 lots of large scale production medium were tested by the flow cytometric method in parallel with conventional culture using Trypticase Soy Broth (TSB). In the bacterial spiking study, the concentration method increased the microbial titer by 2 logs. The detection limit of organisms within the medium was determined to be 1 CFU/ml. There was 100% correlation between the flow cytometric method and the standard aerobic plate count method using Trypticase Soy Agar. In the parallel study on 164 lots of large scale production media, the flow cytometric method was compared against culture in TSB. The sensitivity of the method was determined to be 100%, the specificity was 99.4%, the positive predictive value was 83%, and the negative predictive value was 100%. To reduce reporting of false positives, an initial positive result should be confirmed by an additional sample. The analytic sensitivity, specificity, and objectivity of this flow cytometric method indicate this method is valuable in the monitoring of production media for microbial contamination. © 2007 International Society for Analytical Cytology.
Characterization of a thy1.2 GFP transgenic mouse reveals a tissue‐specific organization of the spinal dorsal horn
Authors: Belle Mino D. , Pattison Edward F. , Cheunsuang Ornsiri , Stewart Anika , Kramer Ina , Sigrist Markus , Arber Silvia , Morris Richard 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIn this study, transgenic mice in which membrane‐linked enhanced green fluorescent protein (mGFP) is expressed from the Thy1.2 promoter were used. In these mice, a subpopulation of small to medium sized DRG neurons double stained for IB4 but not for CGRP. Most of the peripheral terminals traversed the dermis and ramify within the epidermis and form superficial terminals. Within the spinal cord, these afferents terminated exclusively within the substantia gelatinosa (SG). A second fibre type in the skin also expressed mGFP, and formed club‐shaped endings towards the bases of hairs. Injury to the sciatic nerve resulted in mGFP loss from the SG ipsilateral to the nerve injury, but also in the corresponding region contralaterally. Together, these findings reveal the specificity of connectivity of a defined subpopulation of DRG sensory neurons innervating the epidermis and this will facilitate analysis of their physiological functions. genesis 45:679–688, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Small heat shock protein Hsp27 is required for proper heart tube formation
Authors: Brown Daniel D. , Christine Kathleen S. , Showell Christopher , Conlon Frank L. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe small heat shock protein Hsp27 has been shown to be involved in a diverse array of cellular processes, including cellular stress response, protein chaperone activity, regulation of cellular glutathione levels, apoptotic signaling, and regulation of actin polymerization and stability. Furthermore, mutation within Hsp27 has been associated with the human congenital neuropathy Charcot‐Marie Tooth (CMT) disease. Hsp27 is known to be expressed in developing embryonic tissues; however, little has been done to determine the endogenous requirement for Hsp27 in developing embryos. In this study, we show that depletion of XHSP27 protein results in a failure of cardiac progenitor fusion resulting in cardia bifida. Furthermore, we demonstrate a concomitant disorganization of actin filament organization and defects in myofibril assembly. Moreover, these defects are not associated with alterations in specification or differentiation. We have thus demonstrated a critical requirement for XHSP27 in developing cardiac and skeletal muscle tissues. genesis 45:667–678, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Meiotic sex chromosome inactivation in the marsupial Monodelphis domestica
Authors: Hornecker Jacey L. , Samollow Paul B. , Robinson Edward S. , VandeBerg John L. , McCarrey John R. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIn eutherian mammals, the X and Y chromosomes undergo meiotic sex chromosome inactivation (MSCI) during spermatogenesis in males. However, following fertilization, both the paternally (Xp) and maternally (Xm) inherited X chromosomes are active in the inner cell mass of the female blastocyst, and then random inactivation of one X chromosome occurs in each cell, leading to a mosaic pattern of X‐chromosome activity in adult female tissues. In contrast, marsupial females show a nonrandom pattern of X chromosome activity, with repression of the Xp in all somatic tissues. Here, we show that MSCI also occurs during spermatogenesis in marsupials in a manner similar to, but more stable than that in eutherians. These findings support the suggestion that MSCI may have provided the basis for an early dosage compensation mechanism in mammals based solely on gametogenic events, and that random X‐chromosome inactivation during embryogenesis may have evolved subsequently in eutherian mammals. genesis 45:696–708, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Transient stability simulation of wind generator expressed by two‐mass model
Authors: Shima Yoshikazu , Takahashi Rion , Murata Toshiaki , Tamura Junji , Tomaki Yuichi , Tominaga Shinobu , Sakahara Atsushi 
Published: November 2007

AbstractRecently, wind power generation is increasing worldwide. In wind power stations, induction machines are mostly used as generators. Since induction generators have a stability problem similar to the transient stability of synchronous machines, it is important to analyze the transient stability of power systems including wind generators. Although there have been some reports analyzing the transient stability problem, wind turbine and wind generator are, in most cases, modeled as a one‐mass shaft system having total inertia constant. This paper presents simulation analyses of transient stability of power system including induction generator which is expressed by a two‐mass shaft model and analyzes an effect of shaft system modeling on the transient stability characteristics. Simulations are performed by PSCAD/EMTDC in this study. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 162(3): 27–37, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20394
An information retrieval system for telephone dialogue in load dispatch center
Authors: Segawa Osamu , Takeda Kazuya 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe have developed an information retrieval system for telephone dialogue in a load dispatch center. In load dispatching operations, the needs for recording and information retrieval of a telephone dialogue are high. The proposed system gives a solution for the task and realizes an information retrieval function with any keywords. The effectiveness of the system is verified by telephone dialogue transcription and information retrieval experiments. With 30 telephone dialogues in a load dispatch center, we obtain 59.5% in average word correct and 44.4% in average word accuracy. In the information retrieval experiment, with 20 keywords, we obtain 87.3% in average precision and 67.2% in average recall. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 162(3): 44– 50, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20402
Sensing of particular speakers for the construction of voice interface utilized in noisy environment
Authors: Sawada Hideyuki , Ohkado Minoru 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA human is able to exchange information smoothly using voice under different situations such as a noisy environment in a crowd and with the existence of multiple speakers. We are able to detect the position of a source sound in three‐dimensional space, extract a particular sound from mixed sounds, and recognize who is talking. By realizing this mechanism with a computer, new applications will be presented for recording a sound with high quality by reducing noise, presenting a clarified sound, and realizing microphone‐free speech recognition by extracting particular sounds. The paper will introduce real‐time detection and identification of a particular speaker in a noisy environment using a microphone array based on the location of a speaker and the individual voice characteristics. The study will be applied to develop an adaptive auditory system for a mobile robot which collaborates with a factory worker. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 162(3): 78–86, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20629
Functional Group Chemistry at the Zirconocene Backbone: Addition Reactions to Pendant Alkynyl Substituents
Authors: Chen Liyi , Kehr Gerald , Fröhlich Roland , Erker Gerhard 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe nickel‐catalyzed cross‐coupling of 2‐bromoindene with propynyl‐ or (phenylethynyl)magnesium bromide gives the corresponding 2‐alkynyl‐substituted indenyl ligands. Subsequent deprotonation and transmetallation with the bis(tetrahydrofuran)zirconium tetrachloride adduct yields the corresponding bis(2‐alkynylindenyl)dichloridozirconium complexes 4a and 4b, which cleanly add a Co2(CO)6 unit to their pairs of alkynyl substituents to give the dimetallic complexes 5a and 5b. Complex 5b was characterized by an X‐ray crystal structure analysis. Complex 4a adds HB(C6F5)2 to the alkynyl substituents to yield a mixture of α‐ and β‐(borylalkenyl)metallocenes. Activation of these complexes with MAO gives active ethene polymerization catalysts, and the 4a,4b,6a/MAO systems are also active in propene polymerization.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Unexpected Tethering in the Synthesis of Methyl‐Substituted Acetyl‐1‐oxaspiro[4.5]­decanes: Novel Woody–Ambery Odorants with Improved Bioavailability
Authors: Kraft Philip , Popaj Kasim 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTo study the olfactory properties of spirocyclic analogs of Iso Gamma (3) with improved water solubility and bioavailability, it was envisaged to spiroannulate 1‐acetyl‐1,2‐dimethylcyclohexanone at the 4‐position with a 3,3‐dimethyltetrahydrofuran‐2‐yl moiety that would mimic the polarity of the double bond by its ether function. 3,3‐Dimethyl‐4‐methylenehex‐5‐en‐1‐ol (9) was prepared by copper(I)‐mediated 1,4‐conjugate addition of the Grignard reagent of chloroprene (7) to 3‐methylbut‐2‐enal with subsequent LAH reduction. However, the Diels–Alder reaction of diene 9 with (E)‐3‐methylpent‐3‐en‐2‐one in the presence of Me2AlCl unexpectedly provided exclusively the undesired meta adduct 10, as was discovered after cyclization to 11 with MeSO3H. The wrong selectivity was due to a tethering effect of the Lewis acid, and this could be evaded by changing the carbonyl function of the dienophile to a hydroxy group. Thereby the (5′R*,7′S*,8′S*)‐configured 1‐(4′,4′,7′,8′‐tetramethyl‐1′‐oxaspiro[4.5]decan‐7′/8′‐yl)ethan‐1‐ones 11 and 14, as well as the like‐configured 1‐(4′,4′,7′‐trimethyl‐1′‐oxaspiro[4.5]decan‐7′/8′‐yl)ethan‐1‐ones 16 and 19, were prepared selectively and studied for their odor characters, threshold values, and octanol/water partition coefficients. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
A novel magnetic bead‐based assay with high sensitivity and selectivity for analysis of telomerase in exfoliated cells from patients with bladder and colon cancer
Authors: Rothacker Julie , Ramsay Robert G. , Ciznadija Daniel , Gras Emma , Neylon Craig B. , Elwood Ngaire J. , Bouchier‐Hayes David , Gibbs Peter , Rosenthal Mark A. , Nice Edouard C. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTelomerase activity is elevated in more than 85% of cancer cells and absent in most of the normal cells and thus represents a potential cancer biomarker. We report its measurement in colon and bladder cancer cells captured using antibody‐coated magnetic beads. The cells are lysed and telomerase activity is detected using a biosensor assay that employs an oligonucleotide containing the telomerase recognition sequence also covalently coupled to magnetic beads. Telomerase activity is measured by the incorporation of multiple biotinylated nucleotides at the 3′‐end of the oligonucleotide strands during elongation which are then reacted with streptavidin‐conjugated horseradish peroxidase. A luminescent signal is generated when hydrogen peroxidase is added in the presence of luminol and a signal enhancer. LOD experiments confirm sensitivity down to ten cancer cell equivalents. The telomerase assay reliably identified patient samples considered by an independent pathological review to contain cancer cells. Samples from normal healthy volunteers were all telomerase negative. The assay, which is amenable to automation, demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity in a small clinical cohort, making it of potential benefit as a first line assay for detection and monitoring of colon and bladder cancer.
Optimizing separation efficiency of 2‐DE procedures for visualization of different superoxide dismutase forms in a cellular model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Di Poto Cristina , Iadarola Paolo , Salvini Roberta , Passadore Ileana , Cereda Cristina , Ceroni Mauro , Bardoni Anna Maria 
Published: November 2007

AbstractNeurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer disease (AD) and Parkinson disease (PD) have been associated with increased production of reactive oxygen species. In AD and PD patients, superoxide dismutase (SOD1) was also indicated as a major target of oxidative damage. In particular, in brain tissue of these patients, different SOD1 isoforms have been identified, although their functional role still remains to be elucidated. In the light of the possibility that different SOD1 entities could be expressed also in other neurodegenerative disorders, as a sort of unifying event with AD and PD, we have investigated amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) using human neuroblastoma SH‐SY5Y cells with mutated SOD1 gene H46R as cellular model. 2‐DE using a narrow‐range IPG 4–7 strips in the first dimension and linear 15% SDS‐PAGE in the second allowed to separate different SOD1 spots. MALDI‐TOF MS and CapLC‐MS/MS have been used for their complete identification. This is the first report in which the presence of SOD1 (iso)forms in a cellular model of ALS has been evidenced.
Gel‐based proteomics reveals potential novel protein markers of ozone stress in leaves of cultivated bean and maize species of Panama
Authors: Torres Nilka Lineth , Cho Kyoungwon , Shibato Junko , Hirano Misato , Kubo Akihiro , Masuo Yoshinori , Iwahashi Hitoshi , Jwa Nam‐Soo , Agrawal Ganesh Kumar , Rakwal Randeep 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe examined responses of cultivated bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. IDIAP R‐3) and maize (Zea mays L. cv. Guarare 8128) plants exposed to ozone (O3) using a leaf injury assessment and proteomics approach. Plants grown for 16 days in greenhouse were transferred to an O3 chamber and exposed continuously to 0.2 ppm O3 or filtered pollutant‐free air for up to 72 h. CBB‐stained gels revealed changes in ribulose‐1,5‐bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO) protein. By Western analysis changes in marker proteins for O3 damage in leaves by 1‐DE were checked. In bean leaves, two superoxide dismutase (SOD) protein (19 and 20 kDa) were dramatically decreased, while ascorbate peroxidase (APX, 25 kDa), small heat shock protein (HSP, 33 kDa), and a naringenin‐7‐O‐methyltransferase (NOMT, 42 kDa) were increased by O3. In maize leaves, expression levels of catalase (increased), SOD (decreased), and APX (increased) were drastically changed by O3 depending on the leaf stage, whereas crossreacting HSPs (24 and 30 kDa) and NOMT (41 kDa) proteins were strongly increased in O3‐stressed younger leaves. These results indicated a clear modulation of oxidative stress‐, heat shock‐, and secondary metabolism‐related proteins by O3. Finally, 2‐DE at 72 h after O3 exposure revealed changes (induction/suppression) in expression levels of 25 and 12 protein spots in bean and maize leaves, respectively. Out of these, ten and nine nonredundant proteins in bean and maize, respectively, were identified by MS. A novel pathogenesis‐related protein 2 may serve as a potential marker for O3 stress in bean.