bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of endodontic access cavity shape and direct restoration protocol on the fracture load of molars with mesio-occlusal class II preparation
Authors: Potrich Júlia , Burnett Júnior Luiz Henrique , Fontoura de Melo Tiago André 
Published: February 2025

Aims: To evaluate whether the configuration of the endodontic access cavity influences the fracture strength of endodontically treated molars with class II mesio-occlusal (MO) preparation. Materials and Methods: Seventy human mandibular third molars were selected and randomly assigned to seven groups (n = 10). MO cavity preparation and endodontic treatment were standardized, except for the positive control group (GC+: sound teeth). The other groups were classified as GV- = conventional endodontic access and no restoration (negative control); GP- = “bridge” endodontic access and no restoration (negative control); GX- = conventional endodontic access and transfixed fiberglass post without restoration (negative control); GV = conventional endodontic access and restoration; GP = “bridge” endodontic access and restoration; and GX = conventional endodontic access and transfixed fiberglass post with restoration. The specimens were subjected to fracture strength testing on a universal testing machine. The fracture site – either pulp chamber floor or cusp – was inspected. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparison test (? = 5%). Results: Means followed by the same letter did not show statistical difference in Tukey’s test (P> 0.05): GC+: 3748A ± 326.7; GV-: 874.6D ± 74.88; GP-: 1378C ± 39.24; GX-: 1593C ± 55.28; GV: 1380C ± 78.84; GP: 1709C ± 154.4; and GX: 2403B ± 385. Conclusions: The combined use of transfixing posts and direct restoration with composite resin increased the fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth. On the other hand, it was observed that preserving the dental structure in the vestibule-lingual direction during endodontic access did not contribute to an increase in fracture resistance.
EM TORNO DA SUBJETIVIDADE AUTÔNOMA: CRISE E DESAFIOS CONTEMPORÂNEOS
Authors: Hermann Nadja Mara Amilibia 
Published: February 2025

This article discusses autonomous subjectivity, as the central core of concerns about education. To contextualize the problem, we first revisit the consideration of modern subjectivity, which establishes a form of relationship between man and himself and the world, based on rational self-determination, which supports the classical idea of autonomy. In a second movement, we use Honneth's (2009) concept of decentered autonomy, reinterpreted in terms of a theory of intersubjectivity, which requires the management of drives and the reorganization of life, taking into account the moral demands of the social context. This concept is complemented by Bieri's (2013) contribution regarding the inner dimension of autonomy, according to which becoming autonomous implies becoming dignified, which allows us to lead our lives more fully. Next, in line with the demand for a refined moral sensitivity capable of establishing decentered autonomy, we suggest an ethical-aesthetic education.
Reconstruction of chronic acromioclavicular dislocation with subacromial hook plate and reinforced collagen implant: A surgical technique with histological evaluation
Authors: Colbath Gregory , German Emily , Schwartzman Wolfgang , Mercuri Jeremy , Momaya Amit , Karas Spero , Pill Stephan , Stone Cooper 
Published: February 2025

Introduction The most common cause for separation of the acromioclavicular (AC) joint is from a direct force to the shoulder. Injury to the ligaments that surround and stabilize the AC joint leads to shoulder separation with displacement of the acromion and coracoid process with respect to the clavicle. Numerous surgical techniques have been described, but complications are still common with loss of reduction and hardware failure as the most common reasons for decreased patient satisfaction and need for revision. We describe our initial results of an AC joint reconstruction technique with subacromial hook plate fixation combined with a bioinductive collagen structural scaffold which allows for a stable and anatomic restoration of the AC joint. Case Report Patient is a 52 male who presented after a traumatic injury to the right shoulder with a symptomatic chronic grade 5 AC separation. After failed conservative care, he was treated with reconstruction of the AC coracoclavicular (CC) ligaments with the BioBrace® (CONMED Corporation, Largo, FL) bioinductive implant and a hook plate. The patient returned 3 months later for planned hook plate removal and was followed for 7 months postoperatively. Conclusion A combination technique utilizing hook plate fixation augmented with a bioinductive collagen implant was successfully used to treat a chronic AC separation. Histologic analysis of the harvested BioBrace® tissue at the time of hook plate removal at 3 months from index procedure demonstrates ideal and favorable host tissue incorporation with neocollagen tissue and remodeling of the BioBrace® implant. This is the first reported histologic analysis of BioBrace® following human implantation.
As terminacións -anam e -anas en galego
Authors: Alonso Núñez Aquilino Santiago 
Published: February 2025

In this work we study the results of the endings -ANAM and -ANAS in the municipality of Castrelo do Val, in the region of Verín, in the context of Galician and in the Galician-Portuguese dialect continuum. The data were obtained from our field research, ALGa, ALPI, NEnq and other research on Galician and Portuguese. We conclude that the reduction of the plural ending (-áns ˃ -ás) was firstly achieved by eliminating the final consonant in the singular form (-án ˃ -á). This explains why the westernising form -ns occupies a smaller territory than the singular variant -án. Changes recorded between the ALPI, ALGa, and NEnq surveys are small, and they show that there is a lot of linguistic continuity from 1934 to 2008, allowing us to see that the plural ending -ás and the singular form -á are slowly but surely gaining ground.
Neste traballo estúdanse os resultados das terminacións -ANAM e -ANAS no concello de Castrelo do Val, na comarca verinesa, no conxunto do galego e no continuum dialectal galegoportugués. Os datos foron obtidos dunha indagación de campo propia, do ALGa, do ALPI, da NEnq e doutras investigacións sobre o galego e o portugués. Conclúese que a redución da terminación plural (-áns ˃ -ás) se deu primeiro cá eliminación da consoante final no singular (-án -˃ á). Isto explica que a forma occidentalizante -ns ocupe un territorio menor có da variante singular -án. Os cambios rexistrados entre as enquisas do ALPI, do ALGa e da NEnq son pequenos, mostran que hai moita continuidade lingüística de 1934 a 2008 e permiten ver que a terminación plural -ás e a singular -á gañan terreo moi devagar.
O teatro galego durante o franquismo: o Premio Castelao (1964-1967)
Authors: López Teresa 
Published: February 2025

The Castelao Prize was organized in 1964 by the Agrupación Cultural O Galo, formed by students from the University of Santiago de Compostela, as a reaction to the absence of a Galician language category in the II National University Theatre Prize organized by the SEU. In order to obtain the prize money, a popular campaign, the Campaña do Peso, was organized. The prize will be awarded four times and will attract the support of the new generations but also of those coming from the republican galeguismo now organized in the Galaxia group. The contest will be linked to the strategy of institutionalization of Galician culture articulated around the Día das Letras Galegas, created in 1963. The research on the Castelao Prize also allows us to discover unpublished and unrepresented works, and thus complete the history of Galician theater during Franco's regime.
O Premio Castelao foi convocado en 1964 pola Agrupación Cultural O Galo, constituída por estudantado universitario compostelán, como reacción á ausencia dunha modalidade en lingua galega no II Premio Nacional de Teatro Universitario convocado polo SEU. Para conseguir a dotación do premio organizouse unha cuestación popular, a Campaña do Peso. O premio terá catro convocatorias e concitará a adhesión das novas xeracións mais tamén das provenientes do galeguismo republicano organizadas agora no grupo Galaxia. O certame vincularase á estratexia de institucionalización da cultura galega articulada arredor do Día das Letras Galegas, creado en 1963. A investigación sobre o Premio Castelao permite tamén descubrir obras inéditas e non representadas, e completar así a historia do teatro galego durante o franquismo.
Cabrera Infante y la virtud de parodiar en Tres Tristes Tigres
Authors: Adsuar Fernández Maria Dolores 
Published: February 2025

In 1996, the Cuban writer Guillermo Cabrera Infante exposes his ars poetica: an exposition of reasons and a confession, the exercise of parody as a defining style, something that can be seen in all of his literary work. Based on Linda Hutcheon's postulates on parody, and in connection with the pastiches of Marcel Proust, the work of Bustrófedon is shown as a purgative and exorcising virtue for Cabrera Infante, where play, humour and “criticism in action” challenge established conventions and facilitate the entertainment of author and reader.
En 1996, el escritor cubano Guillermo Cabrera Infante expone su ars poética: una exposición de motivos y una confesión, el ejercicio de la parodia como estilo definitorio, algo que se constata en el conjunto de su obra literaria. A partir de los postulados de Linda Hutcheon sobre la parodia, y en conexión con los pastiches de Marcel Proust, se muestra la labor de Bustrófedon como una virtud purgativa y exorcizante para Cabrera Infante, donde el juego, el humor y la “crítica en acción” desafían las convenciones establecidas y facilitan el entretenimiento de autor y lector.
Réalité féminine et fantasme poétique : Nerval entre critique littéraire et statistique lexicale
Authors: El-Himer Mohamed 
Published: February 2025

The objective of this contribution consists of a quantitative evaluation of a qualitative analysis previously conducted by Alice Machado in 2006. Her work concluded, indeed, that the feminine representations depicted within the literary work of Gérard de Nerval, entitled Voyage in the Orient, remain inaccessible.
By mobilizing the Hyperbase software, developed by Professor Étienne Brunet, we seek to demonstrate, in an irrefutable and quantified manner, that the feminine reality so coveted by the author ultimately reveals itself to be elusive. This reality would find its exclusive expression only within the meanders of dreams, legendary tales, and myths.
The application of the Bravais-Pearson correlation method will proceed with the aggregation of the lexical items associated with the key terms "woman" and "love." This will allow us to highlight the terms they attract, as well as those they repel, thus completing the demonstration of the unattainable nature of the feminine representations within this work.
L'objectif de cette contribution consiste en une évaluation quantitative d'une analyse qualitative, menée précédemment par Alice Machado en 2006. Celle-ci conclue, en effet, que les représentations féminines dépeintes au sein de l'œuvre littéraire de Gérard de Nerval, intitulée Voyage en Orient, demeurent inaccessibles.
En mobilisant le logiciel Hyperbase, développé par le Professeur Étienne Brunet, nous cherchons à démontrer, de manière irréfutable et chiffrée, que la réalité féminine tant convoitée par l'auteur se révèle, in fine, insaisissable. Celle-ci ne trouverait dès lors son expression exclusive que dans les méandres du rêve, les récits légendaires et les mythes.
L’application de la méthode de corrélation de Bravais-Pearson procédera à l'agrégation des vocables associés aux mots-pôles que sont «femme» et «amour». Cela nous permettra ainsi de mettre en exergue les termes qu'ils attirent, de même que ceux qu'ils repoussent, parachevant ainsi la démonstration de l'inatteignable nature des représentations féminines au sein de cette œuvre.
Las últimas cifras de Margarita de Parma en su primer gobierno de los Países Bajos (1566)
Authors: Florio Nicola 
Published: February 2025

The aim of this paper is to analyze in depth the underlying linguistic structure and strategies identified in the last two ciphers used by Margaret of Parma, governor of the Netherlands, in her private Italian letters to Philip II during 1566, a decisive year of social, religious and economic conflicts in the territories of Flanders. The study presents and compares the main features of the general cipher and the private cipher contemporarily used by Margaret of Parma in the private Italian letters she sent to Philip II during that year: two cryptographic systems comprising complex combinations of alphabetic characters, numerical digits and steganographic symbols to ensure the confidentiality of their communications in a hostile European context.
Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar en profundidad la estructura y las estrategias lingüísticas subyacentes identificadas en los dos últimos cifrarios utilizados por Margarita de Parma, gobernadora de los Países Bajos, en sus cartas privadas en italiano a Felipe II durante 1566, un año marcado por los conflictos sociales, religiosos y económicos en los territorios de Flandes. El estudio presenta y compara las principales características de la cifra general y la cifra particular que utilizó contemporáneamente Margarita de Parma en la correspondencia privada italiana que envió a Felipe II durante ese año: dos sistemas criptográficos compuestos por complejas combinaciones de caracteres alfabéticos, numéricos y esteganográficos que garantizaran la confidencialidad de sus comunicaciones en un contexto europeo hostil.
Estudio de la Cifra y contracifra utilizada en la correspondencia del marqués Giovanni Fogliani Sforza d'Aragaona en 1747
Authors: Pacheco Silvia 
Published: February 2025

The main objective of this study is to present the cipher and counter-cipher used by the Marquis Giovanni Fogliani, Secretary of State of King Charles III and his entourage. For this purpose, we will analyze the existing nomenclator in the National Historical Archive of Madrid and its practical application in a series of letters intercepted during the year 1747.
El presente estudio tiene como principal objetivo dar a conocer el cifrado y contracifrado utilizado por el marqués Giovanni Fogliani, secretario de Estado del rey Carlos III y su entorno. Para ello analizaremos el nomenclátor existente en el Archivo Histórico Nacional de Madrid y su aplicación práctica en una serie de cartas interceptadas durante el año 1747.
L'obiettivo principale di questo studio è presentare il cifrario e il contro cifrario utilizzati dal marchese Giovanni Fogliani, segretario di Stato del re Carlo III e del suo seguito. A tal fine, analizzeremo il nomenclatore esistente nell'Archivio Storico Nazionale di Madrid e la sua applicazione pratica in una serie di lettere intercettate durante l'anno 1747.
Nápoles 1547: cartas cifradas y secretos de Estado
Authors: Bucuré Miriam 
Published: February 2025

This study aims to analyse the cipher language used in the correspondence between Charles V, the viceroy of Naples Pedro de Toledo and the imperial ambassador in Rome, Diego Hurtado de Mendoza between April and October 1547. Through the study and further editing of four letters preserved in the Archivo General de Simancas, we will present the characteristics of the cipher used in Naples in the mid-16th century. Although the issues raised in the letters are varied, the central theme of the letters is the mutiny that broke out in the Parthenopean city in May 1547 against the reckless attempt to implement the Inquisition in the viceroyalty and the terrible events that followed.
Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar el lenguaje cifrado utilizado en la correspondencia entre Carlos V, el virrey de Nápoles Pedro de Toledo y Diego Hurtado de Mendoza, embajador imperial en Roma entre abril y octubre de 1547. Mediante el estudio y posterior edición de cuatro cartas conservadas en el Archivo General de Simancas, presentaremos las características de la cifra utilizada en Nápoles a mediados del siglo XVI. Si bien los asuntos planteados en las cartas son variados, el tema central de las mismas es el motín desencadenado en la ciudad partenopea en mayo de 1547 contra el intento temerario de introducir el tribunal de la Inquisición en el virreinato y los terribles acontecimientos que se desarrollaron a continuación.
De la Serenissima a la Secretissima: leer cifras y ocultar mensajes en la Italia del Renacimiento
Authors: Sambrian Oana Andreia 
Published: February 2025

Our article focuses on the importance of the secret and the use of cyphered communication in Renaissant Italy. In the first part of our work, we explore some of the most breaking through treaties that have been written in order to teach the readers how to encrypt a text. Subsequently, we analyse the typologies of cyphered texts, as well as the current challenges of researching on this source.
Nuestro artículo se centra en la importancia del secreto y el uso de la comunicación cifrada en la Italia renacentista. En la primera parte de nuestro trabajo, exploramos algunos de los tratados más innovadores que se han escrito para enseñar a los lectores cómo cifrar un texto. Posteriormente, analizamos las tipologías de textos cifrados, así como los desafíos actuales de la investigación sobre esta fuente.
Las cifras de Juana de Austria durante la regencia (1554-1559)
Authors: Luo Wanruo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract: In this paper we offer the research carried out from the ciphers of the Flanders State fund of the General Archive of Simancas (files 507-516) that contain the letters exchanged between Joanna of Austria, her father Charles V and Philip II, her brother, during the years in which he moved to England for his marriage to Mary Tudor and his father Charles V lived in Brussels. Joanna was regent from mid-1554 until the return from the Netherlands of Philip II in the autumn of 1559. Identification of the ciphers they used and their duration.
Keywords: Letters, Ciphered laguaje, Joanna of Austria, Charles V, Phillip II.
Resumen: En este artículo ofrecemos la investigación realizada a partir de los documentos cifrados del fondo Estado Flandes del Archivo General de Simancas (legajos 507-516) que contienen las cartas intercambiadas entre Juana de Austria, su padre Carlos V y Felipe II, su hermano, durante los años en que este se desplazó a Inglaterra por su matrimonio con María Tudor y su padre Carlos V vivía en Bruselas. Juana fue regente desde mediados de 1554 hasta el regreso de Felipe II en otoño de 1559, procedente de los Países Bajos. Identificación de los cifrarios que usaron y su duración.
Palabras clave: Cartas, Lenguaje cifrado, Juana de Austria, Carlos V, Felipe II.
Pentingnya Kebersihan dalam Perspektif Islam : Pendekatan Holistik untuk Kesehatan Fisik dan Spiritual
Authors: Alya Nuralifya  , Ditya Taftazani Sukarmo Putri  , Fina Oktavi Rahman  , Fitri Auliani  
Published: February 2025

The findings highlight the need for faith-based hygiene education and community involvement in hygiene practices to improve physical and spiritual health among Muslims. This study used quantitative methods with data collection instruments in the form of questionnaires. The number of respondents in this study was 31 people from various backgrounds. The selection of this method aims to objectively measure the increase in community participation in environmental cleanliness and its relation to the Islamic understanding that cleanliness is part of faith. This method was chosen to provide a clear picture of respondents' perceptions, appreciation, experiences, and assessments of aspects of environmental cleanliness and religious understanding. The study found that the majority understood cleanliness as part of faith. These results emphasize the need for faith-based hygiene education and community participation in hygiene practices.
Keadilan Distributif Dalam Perspektif Ekonomi Islam : Implikasi Filosofis dan Praktis
Authors: Anggi Luthfiah Pane  , Nurlaila Rachman  , Triana Triana  
Published: February 2025

This paper examines distributive justice within the framework of Islamic economics, exploring its philosophical underpinnings and practical implications. It analyzes the Islamic concept of justice ( adl ), focusing on its application to the distribution of wealth and resources. The study delves into the core principles of Islamic economics, such as zakat, waqf, riba prohibition, and the concept of khalifah (stewardship), and how these contribute to a more equitable distribution of wealth. Furthermore, it investigates the philosophical arguments supporting distributive justice in Islam, drawing upon Islamic jurisprudence and ethical traditions. The paper concludes by discussing the practical challenges and opportunities in implementing distributive justice principles in contemporary economic systems, considering both micro and macro-economic perspectives.
A COMPREHENSIVE SURVEY OF MEMORY UPDATE MECHANISMS FOR CONTINUAL LEARNING ON TEXT DATASETS
Authors: Ranjith J. , Baskaran Santhi 
Published: February 2025

Over the last several years, there has been a growing focus on the CL field in the context of machine learning and its goal to create models capable of learning new tasks step by step without loss of prior knowledge. Among these, catastrophic forgetting is especially challenging in real-world settings where the data experience changes over time. To this effect, what has become pivotal for models is mechanisms for memory update to enable the models to learn information as well as update what has been previously learned easily. This survey specifically investigates the memory update strategy in the continual learning setup wherein new categories and domains are continuously added in the text datasets including sentiment analysis, named entity recognition, text classification tasks etc. Moving on, three primary memory update strategies of memory replay, memory consolidation, and parameter isolation are discussed; this paper further addresses certain adaptations of the proposed methods for text-based applications. Memory replay means that part of previous data is stored to be replayed when new tasks are learned while memory consolidation strengthens only significant memories. Parameter isolation helps avoid masking previous tasks or overwriting the parameters when the machine learning algorithm is trained to accomplish new tasks. In this paper, we discuss the latest in these techniques and offer a thorough insight into their use in text datasets such as Amazon Reviews and Yelp Reviews. Further, we outline the primary drawbacks of existing solutions for memory updates such as capacity limitations, domain variation, and continually learning without having access to new task information. In addition, a summary table of literature review identifying the most relevant works within the field is offered. Lastly, we discuss the remaining issues and potential research directions where more focus and development should be given in CL for text data by noting the importance of efficient and adaptive update policies towards the memory.