bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cultivating small business influence in the UK: the federation of small businesses' journey from outsider to insider
Authors: Jordan Grant , Halpin Darren 
Published: July 2006

AbstractThis case study charts the classic transformation of a small business organisation from being a vehicle of protest that attracted a reasonable but transient membership into a much larger group with a more stable membership and a group with an effective insider policy style. The paper asserts that the change in style and the change in recruiting success are not causally linked, and, indeed, it claims that an insider style may harm recruiting. In the case of the Federation of Small Businesses (FSB), however, any potential damage through adopting an insider style was more than offset by the separate decision to market the group door to door with a package of selective material incentives (Olson 1965). The paper describes the predominant insider politics style of political representation and finds that while the FSB has moved in that direction, it does not fully fit the stereotype. Copyright © 2003 Henry Stewart Publications
Self‐regulation, public issue management and marketing practices in the US entertainment industry
Authors: Hemphill Thomas A. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractThe practice of issue management is widely recognised as a necessary activity for effective corporate and industry political strategy. The issue of violent content, children and the US entertainment industry offers an excellent platform for applying a firm/industry issue management framework developed by Kaufman et al. (1989). To that end, the scope of this paper is three‐fold: first, to categorise the motion picture, television, music recording, and computer and video game industries product self‐regulation regime utilising an expanded version of a model originally developed by Garvin (1983) that identifies a spectrum of governmental regulation categories; second, to employ the above mentioned issue management framework developed by Kaufman et al. (1989) to describe the issue circumstances under which the entertainment industry engages in political activity; and third, to analyse and categorise the entertainment industries' self‐regulation regimes, using the structure and control approach offered by Kaufman et al. (1989) and adapted in a model developed by the author. In conclusion, the Kaufman et al. (1989) model, while offering a credible explanation of issue specificity criteria in this case, does not offer the same credibility for issue frequency criteria. Copyright © 2003 Henry Stewart Publications
Managing the reputation of restructuring corporations: send the right signal to the right stakeholder
Authors: Dentchev Nikolay A. , Heene Aimé 
Published: July 2006

AbstractWhen restructuring their operations, companies intend to minimise environmental uncertainty; however, corporate restructuring increases the unintended uncertainty for stakeholders, as constituents often lack the information or understanding on how ongoing reorganisations would affect them. This paper proposes to manage restructuring through reputations, ie send information signals to the constituents. This contribution analyses the problems of reputation, integrating knowledge on information efficiency and information problems, and proposes five tasks of reputation management of restructuring corporations: release more information, release consistent information, simplify information, reach your stakeholders and reach competitors' stakeholder(s). Copyright © 2004 Henry Stewart Publications
IPO effects: corporate restructuring when a firm goes public
Authors: Martens Martin L. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractThe public affairs of a firm issuing an initial public offering (IPO) are a critical part of the corporate restructuring efforts which firms face during the process of going public. In this paper, Bowman and Singh's (1993) definition is used to illustrate how issuing an IPO is a significant form of corporate restructuring. Public affairs are critical during both the pre‐IPO phase and during the period leading up to the IPO, as the firm must negotiate a heavily institutionalised process to successfully complete the issue. Here, the six‐year life of ‘Deja News’ is used as a way to illustrate and explain the public affairs during the process of preparing for and issuing an IPO. Copyright © 2004 Henry Stewart Publications
The Chinese in space: the third man in the fourth battlefield?
Authors: Johnson‐Freese Joan , Sommer Michael , Vis‐Sommer Veronika 
Published: July 2006

AbstractThis commentary piece explores the several ramifications of China's October 2003 successful manned space mission, when the People's Republic of China became the third nation, following the lead of the USA and the Soviet Union, to independently launch a manned space mission. While the achievement resulted in prestige and justifiable pride in China, the potential ‘dual use’ of space for military purposes remains speculative, and is of concern to Washington's ‘Blue Team’, suspicious of China's possible aggressive intentions. While China's space efforts include militarisation, it remains an open question as to whether it intends to fully develop space weapons against a background of its belief that the USA already has ‘abundant power’, especially in space. Copyright © 2004 Henry Stewart Publications
The views of anadvocatus dei: political marketing and its critics
Authors: Henneberg Stephan C. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractThis paper addresses 11 statements of criticism of political marketing. These statements represent the most commonly voiced issues and were collected from marketers and political scientists. While marketing theorists are more concerned with the state of political marketing theory, political scientists concentrate much of their criticism on aspects of political marketing management as it is experienced in practice. Each statement is discussed and general conclusions are identified. While presenting the personal opinion of the author (advocatus dei), these conclusions and statements concerning political marketing should foster critical discourse on issues such as political marketing management, concepts and ethics. Copyright © 2004 Henry Stewart Publications
A Faustian pact? Political marketing and the authoritarian personality
Authors: Dean Dianne 
Published: July 2006

AbstractThe rise in racial tension in northern cities in England and subsequent election of British National Party candidates to office has drawn attention to the resurgence of what Adorno et al. (1950) described as the ‘authoritarian personality’. Their findings uncovered characteristics including conformity to the political system, and particularly to a strong leader who could provide guidance and security. This qualitative research identified that these factors were still in evidence among a significant proportion of the sample. This paper explores how these feelings develop; authoritarian characteristics can emerge if the respondents feel particularly threatened by an issue. It is evident that many politicians court this group but they need to be wary of the implications of this strategy. Copyright © 2004 Henry Stewart Publications
Children's acquisition of political opinions
Authors: Mortimore Roger , Tyrrell Claire 
Published: July 2006

AbstractThis paper reports and discusses the results of a survey of English and Welsh schoolchildren aged 11–18, conducted in March–May 2003, covering their attitudes to and knowledge of politics, politicians and political issues. It concentrates in particular on the way these attitudes develop as pupils get older, and also discusses the sources of information on which young people depend, and which may be the key to developing this neglected political ‘market’. It finds that pupils are unenthused by politics, but not ‘apathetic’. Both knowledge and interest increase as pupils grow older; however, negative or cynical attitudes to politicians and to political parties seem to grow at the same time. Yet young people also hold positive attitudes to the electoral process in general, though many do not accept that they will have a ‘duty to vote’ when old enough. The media, though distrusted, is the principal source of information, though it is clear that the family is highly influential; schools seem less influential. Copyright © 2004 Henry Stewart Publications
Are non‐voters cynics anyway?
Authors: Bromley Catherine , Curtice John 
Published: July 2006

AbstractIt has been argued that recent low turnouts for elections in Britain have been fostered by increased cynicism among voters, a cynicism that has been fostered by the increasingly critical tone in which politics are reported by the media. While survey data confirm that voters have become more cynical about politics, they provide little evidence that this trend was particularly strong between 1997 and 2001 among (regular) readers of the (tabloid) press or among regular watchers of television news. Nor do such data suggest that the rise in cynicism had much impact on the level of turnout for the 2001 general election. The biggest challenge facing coverage of politics in the media in general, and newspapers in particular, is not the impact that the tone of its coverage may be having on voters' attitudes towards how they are governed, but rather the increasing reluctance of voters with little interest in politics to read a newspaper at all. Copyright © 2004 Henry Stewart Publications
Results of the Corporate Affairs Survey 2004
Authors: Leclercq Christophe , Springuel Philip A. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractThe Corporate Affairs Survey 2004 confirms that companies with representation in Brussels continue to increase their communications expenditure. This confirms a trend already identified by the European Centre for Public Affairs in various publications1 during the 1990s. Realising the importance of public opinion in policy making, the majority of companies are increasing the size of their Brussels staff, with a deliberate emphasis on communication and further resources in public affairs. As most companies recognise the special skill sets of consultants, many plan to continue relying on the latter, particularly in the area of public relations. Copyright © 2004 Henry Stewart Publications
Of change, training and public affairs in Europe
Authors: Spencer Tom 
Published: July 2006

AbstractEuropean public affairs practitioners need to be increasingly professional in their reactions to an EU undergoing transformational change. The paper offers a comprehensive summary of the subtleties of institutional change in Commission, Parliament and Council in 2004. In particular, the author argues that expansion from 15 member states to 25 has fundamentally changed the nature of the Union's politics and the skills required to influence it. This new EU requires more of practitioners than experience and amateur instinct: to achieve results and avoid restrictive regulation, the public affairs community must adopt effective training strategies, challenging competence targets and regular self‐assessment of its performance and ethics. Copyright © 2004 Henry Stewart Publications
The role of civil society in European integration
Authors: Machiavelli Beatrice Rangoni 
Published: July 2006

AbstractThis paper explores the concept of ‘civic society’ in Western political thought, charting the changing understanding of this concept through history and its manifestation in contemporary political and social life. The paper draws out the inferences for our understanding of the role of government, particularly with the European Union and its relationship with citizens and other representative community‐based and non‐governmental organisations. The paper argues that the fundamental values that are central to civic society underpin the proposed EU Charter on Fundamental Rights and maintains that effective European integration requires responsible participation by Europe's citizens. Copyright © 2001 Henry Stewart Publications
Public affairs: an American perspective
Authors: DeSanto Barbara J. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractThis paper explores the development and broadening scope of public affairs practice within the United States of America and charts the factors that have influenced its current development. To understand the scope of how public affairs has developed in the United States, it is necessary to examine the historical evolution of the function in the USA and the early 20th century influence of the US government on defining and regulating its definition of public relations and public affairs, which resulted in the still‐in‐effect Gillett Amendment. Since then, public affairs has expanded into the private as well as the public sectors as corporations and organisations recognise the need to gain public trust for their ventures. In the US today, public affairs practitioners perform duties that range from issues management to environmental scanning to legislative affairs. Copyright © 2001 Henry Stewart Publications
Image and the impact of public affairs management on internal stakeholders
Authors: Corley Kevin G. , Cochran Philip L. , Comstock Thomas G. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractThis paper examines both the direct and indirect effects of images of corporate social performance on internal stakeholders. The authors suggest that public affairs managers must be particularly concerned about the ways in which images that are intended for and projected at external stakeholders are reflected back to internal stakeholders. In this new era of extremely tight labour markets, minimal corporate loyalty and high job mobility, public affairs efforts will increasingly impact upon a firm's employees. By monitoring this process, managers may more quickly identify the moment when internal stakeholders have developed a perception that differs from their original intent. This will allow managers to make a better job of maintaining a consistent image of the firm both inside and outside, and of managing the culture of the firm and its key human resources. Copyright © 2001 Henry Stewart Publications
The acceptance, relevance and dominance of lobbying the EU Commission — a first‐time survey of the EU Commission's civil servants
Authors: Koeppl Peter 
Published: July 2006

AbstractAmong public affairs techniques lobbying is by far the most mystifying one — at least in Europe. Lobbying comes from the Latin word ‘labium’ and means ‘entrance hall’ or ‘lounge’. Therein the essential meaning can be seen: today political decisions are not made in plenary assemblies but primarily in the pre‐political phase of balancing the various interests. Lobbying is to be understood as the ‘diverse intensive activities of social groups, chambers and companies in the political and bureaucratic vestibule’ (Beyme 1980). Modern lobbying on the EU level is an intermediary policy for the support of political decision making — even if some critics refuse to believe it. Lobbying at EU level has become a politically realistic dimension. Even if the mass media still take a very sceptical and negative view of lobbying in Brussels, based on the existing European taboo on influencing politics, an in‐depth analysis reveals various lobbies at work in EU institutions. Lobbying today is an essential part of all EU decision areas. This paper describes the functional theory approach of lobbying known as ‘cooperation as confrontation through communication’. For the first time, recipients of lobbying in the EU Commission are demonstrating their acceptance of lobbying efforts. The paper is based on the doctoral thesis ‘The acceptance, relevance and dominance of lobbying the EU Commission’ by Peter Koeppl, University of Vienna (unpublished). Copyright © 2001 Henry Stewart Publications
Where is public affairs going?
Authors: Spencer Tom 
Published: July 2006

AbstractThis paper suggests the future direction in which public affairs practice is developing and advances a number of propositions about public affairs and political systems which provide the context in which public affairs practitioners operate. The paper examines the changing nature of the political systems in which public affairs functions and argues that, by inference, public affairs practice is culturally specific. The paper explores these contextual issues from both a European and a global perspective. The paper argues that an understanding of public affairs should be recognised as an essential element on management teaching syllabi and laments the fact that this is far from the case. Copyright © 2001 Henry Stewart Publications
Lobbying: fantasy, reality or both? A health care public policy case study
Authors: Terry Valerie 
Published: July 2006

AbstractThis paper provides a theoretical explanation for lobbying as interpersonal rhetorical communication based on the tenets of symbolic convergence theory (SCT). SCT is a general theory of communication in the symbolic interactionism paradigm. Nowhere in the extant communication literature, including the scholarly public relations research, is lobbying explicated in this way. This paper utilises a health care public policy case study to illustrate SCT in lobbying practice. The emphasis here is on how lobbyists use homo narrans, or human storytelling, in influential face‐to‐face information exchange with public policy decision makers to be persuasive on behalf of their clients. The ultimate aim of this paper is to build the current body of theoretical and practical knowledge about lobbying, to advance more positive perceptions of lobbyists and lobbying and to improve the practice of lobbying in producing effective public policy outcomes. Copyright © 2001 Henry Stewart Publications
Public affairs and political strategy: theoretical foundations
Authors: Getz Kathleen A. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractDuring the past two decades there have been hundreds of articles published within the broad topic of business political strategy, many of them rigorous and innovative. This paper presents a review and assessment of the theoretical bases of extant research, focusing on three broad research questions: Why do firms participate in the political process? What strategies and tactics do firms employ? What are the limitations on firms' capacity for rational action in the political arena? Research in political strategy has been informed by interest group theory, collective action theory, public choice theory, transaction costs theory, game theory, resource dependence theory, institutional theory, agency theory, the behavioural theory of the firm, business strategy, and population ecology. The paper concludes with a plea to scholars to conduct research in this area which is explicitly and consistently grounded in broad theories of social science. Copyright © 2001 Henry Stewart Publications
The state of North American higher education in corporate public affairs
Authors: Fleisher Craig S. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractThis paper assesses the state of higher education in corporate public affairs (CPA) in North America. Educational offerings in many fields have mushroomed in recent years, and many courses of study are currently available that didn't exist even as recently as a decade ago. Is this true in CPA as well? For the most part, CPA offerings are not as plentiful as some observers would previously have foreseen. The paper looks at what educational opportunities are available, identifying areas that show promise for growth or expansion, and outlines a number of factors that have to come into place if CPA education is to become more prevalent than it currently is. Copyright © 2001 Henry Stewart Publications
The effect of molecular weight on the crystallization kinetics of polycaprolactone
Authors: Jenkins M. J. , Harrison K. L. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractThe crystallization kinetics and degree of crystallinity of polycaprolactone (PCL) were studied using the technique of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The crystallization exotherms measured using DSC were analyzed using a modified Avrami equation. The modification limited the analysis of the data to the primary crystallization process, where the Avrami equation is applicable. Both the degree of crystallinity and primary composite rate constant were found to decrease with increasing molecular weight. The observations have been explained in terms of the unified reptation‐nucleation theory. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ab‐initio tight‐binding study of the core structures of the c ‐edge dislocation in wurtzite GaN
Authors: Belabbas I. , Chen J. , Akli Belkhir M. , Ruterana P. , Nouet G. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractIn the framework of ab‐initio tight‐binding methods, we modelled and studied the atomic and electronic core structures of the c‐edge basal dislocation in wurtzite GaN. We found this dislocation to have four core configurations displaying 5/8/5‐ or 4/8‐atom rings structures. All these configurations induce unfilled deep states in the top half of band gap. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Electrical properties of nanocrystalline HfTiO4 gate insulator
Authors: Domaradzki J. , Kaczmarek D. , Borkowska A. , Wolcyrz M. , Paszkiewicz B. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractThe properties of Hfx Ti1–x O2 solid solution thin films on silicon have been investigated. The HfTiO4 thin films were grown on single crystal (100)‐oriented silicon substrates by low‐pressure hot‐target reactive magnetron sputtering from Ti:Hf (46.7:53.3) mosaic target. Electrical measurements of prepared structures allowed the analysis of the electronic phenomena occurring at the oxide‐semiconductor interface. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Influence of surface and subsurface defects on the behavior of the rutile TiO2(110) surface
Authors: Hameeuw K. , Cantele G. , Ninno D. , Trani F. , Iadonisi G. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractWe carried out a theoretical study of the rutile TiO2(110) surface using ab initio techniques. We investigate the effects of both surface and subsurface defects. These defects consist of a missing oxygen atom in the crystalline structure, the oxygen vacancy. We show that the defect formation energy of oxygen vacancies strongly depends on the position of the defect in the material. Our results imply that subsurface defects could play a role in the reactivity of the surface. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Formation of aluminum silicate film on steel in granite–copper–dry steam reaction system
Authors: Jin Yongcheng , Korablova Inna R. , Oke Yoshihiko , Yamasaki Nakamichi 
Published: July 2006

AbstractWe have observed that a highly protective amorphous aluminum silicate layer on a steel surface was formed after granite–dry steam interaction in the presence of a copper plate near the critical point of water. In this process, the mass transfer of aluminum and silicon species from the granite to the steel surface takes place after copper was transferred to the granite surface. The rate of this process is accelerated by the presence of copper on the granite surface. At present, we have determined the effect of transferred copper species on the weight loss of granite in dry steam with different ratios of O2 and N2. It was also found that transferred copper species at a low O2 level promote the weight loss of granite. Four types of experiments were conducted at low O2 ratios in different‐density steam: (1) steel–steam, (2) steel–Cu–steam, (3) steel–granite–steam, and (4) steel–granite–Cu–steam. It was established that an aluminum silicate film formed on the steel surface only at the steel–granite–Cu–dry steam interaction. The formed film was characterized by scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy and by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)