bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute and chronic effect of two different intensity interval training on hypertrophic and atrophic factors in healthy male wistar rats
Authors: Mogharnasi Mehdi , Ilbeigi Saeed , Mehr Payam Abbasian , Rezae Saeed 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
In recent years, several peptides that have significant effects on the body's homeostasis and metabolism, particularly in skeletal muscles, have been discovered. These peptides include Myostatin, Follistatin, and Atrogin-1, which influence the growth of skeletal muscles and fat tissue, thus impacting overall body health. In the past years, few researches have compared the acute and chronic effects of exercise training on these factors. Also, the effect of exercise intensity on these factors is unclear. Therefore, the aim of this research is to compare the acute and chronic effect of intermittent exercise with different intensity on myostatin, follistatin and atrogin-1.
Method
The current research involves an experimental study in which healthy rats were divided into 6 groups. The rats underwent a chronic training period of 6 weeks, training 3 days per week with varying intensities. The high-intensity interval training (HIIT) was conducted at 100% of maximal capacity, while the moderate-intensity interval training (MIIT) was conducted at 70% of maximal capacity. Notably, rats from the acute groups were sacrificed immediately after one training session. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and LSD method at p ≤ 0.05.
Result
The results of the study on gene expression in response to exercise show significant findings. In the chronic high-intensity interval training (HIIT) group, there is a significant decrease in myostatin gene expression, while no significant change is observed in the acute training groups. Additionally, follistatin gene expression increases significantly in the exercise groups, with no significant change reported in the acute exercise groups. Furthermore, the study reveals a significant decrease in the expression of the atrogin-1 gene in both acute and chronic training groups compared to the control.
Conclusion
The present research suggests that more time is required for exercise to impact muscle hypertrophy, and acute exercise does not significantly affect myostatin and follistatin changes. However, both acute and chronic training lead to a notable decrease in the expression of the atrogin-1 gene, indicating that it is more sensitive to exercise than the myostatin and follistatin genes.
Criminal organizations exhibit hysteresis, resilience, and robustness by balancing security and efficiency
Authors: Elteren Casper van , Lees Mike , Vasconcelos Vítor V. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The interplay between (criminal) organizations and (law enforcement) disruption strategies is critical in criminology and social network analysis. Like legitimate businesses, criminal enterprises thrive by fulfilling specific demands and navigating their unique challenges, including balancing operational visibility and security. This study aims at comprehending criminal networks' internal dynamics, resilience to law enforcement interventions, and robustness to changes in external conditions. Using a model based on evolutionary game theory, we analyze these networks as collaborative assemblies of roles, considering expected costs, potential benefits, and the certainty of expected outcomes. Here, we show that criminal organizations exhibit strong hysteresis effects, with increased resilience and robustness once established, challenging the effectiveness of traditional law enforcement strategies focused on deterrence through increased punishment. The hysteresis effect defines optimal thresholds for the formation or dissolution of criminal organisation. Our findings indicate that interventions of similar magnitude can lead to vastly different outcomes depending on the existing state of criminality. This result suggests that the relationship between stricter punishment and its deterrent effect on organized crime is complex and sometimes non-linear. Furthermore, we demonstrate that network structure, specifically interconnectedness (link density) and assortativity of specialized skills, significantly influences the formation and stability of criminal organizations, underscoring the importance of considering social connections and the accessibility of roles in combating organized crime. These insights contribute to a deeper understanding of the systemic nature of criminal behavior from an evolutionary perspective and highlight the need for adaptive, strategic approaches in policy-making and law enforcement to disrupt criminal networks effectively.
Comparative study of five machine learning algorithms on prediction of the height of the water-conducting fractured zone in undersea mining
Authors: Wu Zhengyu , Luo Dayou 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Prediction of water-conducting fractured zone (WCFZ) of mine overburden is the premise for reducing or eliminating water inrush hazards in undersea mining. This study constructs a WCFZ prediction dataset containing 122 cases of fractured zones. By introducing five machine learning algorithms, five predictive models for WCFZ considering multiple factors are established. The optimal parameters for each model are obtained through ten-fold cross-validation. The model's predictive performance was validated and assessed using two metrics, namely the coefficient of determination and mean squared error. A comparison was made with the regression performance of commonly used empirical formulas. The results indicate that the constructed model outperforms reliance solely on theoretical criteria. The proposed model was validated in a recently established mining area on Sanshan Island, China, demonstrating a high level of consistency with on-site conditions. This paves a path to leveraging machine learning algorithms for predicting the height of WCFZ.
Physical Activity, Psychopathologies, and Self-Injurious Behaviors in Youths: Which Type and How Much Is Sufficient?
Authors: Wang Huagen , Xu Shicun , Aku YIsheng , Ren Zhanbing , Chen Runsen 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background To investigate the protective effects of various exercise types against psychopathologies, including depression, anxiety, and non-suicidal selfinjury (NSSI), and to understand the dose-response relationship between exercise frequency and duration on these outcomes.
Methods The study evaluated mental health outcomes using various scales and diagnoses. Subsequently, logistic regression analysis was used to examine the associations between exercise types and psychopathologies, as well as self-injurious behaviors. Additionally, generalized additive models (GAM) were employed to explore the dose-response relationship between physical activity frequency and duration, and mental health outcomes, while controlling for sociodemographic factors.
Results Team ball exercise provided the most protection, followed by single anaerobic exercise, double swing exercise, single moderate-intensity aerobic exercise, and single low-intensity aerobic exercise. Nonlinear associations were found between exercise frequency, duration, and mental health outcomes. Exercising three to four times a week for 90-120 minutes led to a lower probability of developing mental health disorders, while excessive exercise worsened outcomes.
Conclusion Participation in different types of exercise has varied effects on psychopathologies, as well as self-injurious behaviors, with team ball sports having the most positive impact. Optimal exercise intensity varies between exercise types; individuals should choose exercises that suit their mental health needs.
Exploring the Live-in Relationship in the Context of Changing Hindu Marriage Traditions: A Field Survey Analysis
Authors: Praveen Nisha 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In past few years there has been a considerable increase in the number of non-marital living together couples. An increasing number of couples suggest that youth prefer a live-in relationship over marriage. Increase in the number of such couples has also given rise to various economic, social, religious and legal issues and continue to do so. At the legal and on the ground of ‘Hindu Marriage’, there is no specific law to regulate live-in relationships in India and the ‘Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 does not recognize such relationship. However, the protection of woman from Domestic Violence Act, 2005 recognises the right of women in a live-in relationship which is ‘in the nature of marriage’ to receive maintenance/alimony and protection against any form of abuse. Hence This study is an at attempt to collect a primary data and analyse the socio-legal position of live-in relationship and Hindu Marriage in India.
Utilizing Multivariate Clustering and Spatial Analysis for Selecting Suitable sites for Sustainable Wind Energy
Authors: Khalaf Oras Fadhil , Uçan Osman Nuri , Alsamarai Naseem Adnan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This paper focuses on utilizing multivariate clustering and spatial analysis techniques to identify suitable sites for sustainable wind energy projects. It begins by highlighting Turkey's significant economic growth and its shift towards a more diversified and industrialized economy, emphasizing the importance of addressing the country's growing energy needs sustainably. With wind power generation experiencing unprecedented growth globally, particularly in Turkey, the study underscores the importance of optimizing wind energy location selection for efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and reduced environmental impact. The methodology involves collecting and preprocessing data on various factors influencing wind energy localization, including natural, socio-economic, and environmental criteria. These factors range from wind speed, slope, and elevation to proximity to urban areas, roads, airports, and protected areas. The study utilizes geographic information systems (GIS) to integrate and analyze these data layers, facilitating a comprehensive assessment of potential wind farm sites. Techniques used include the K-Means algorithm multivariate clustering algorithms, which group a group’s spatial data points based on similarities across multiple variables. This approach helps reduce the complexity of the analysis and identifies meaningful relationships among the criteria. Our research results indicate suitable and unsuitable areas for wind farm installation using a multivariate cluster classification algorithm, which classified sites into four groups (22% very suitable, 28% suitable, 15% less suitable, and 35% unsuitable) from the areas included in the study, excluding land uses where wind farms cannot be established according to pre-defined criteria. The research emphasizes the importance of GIS in visualizing and analyzing spatial data effectively, enabling informed decision-making in wind energy site selection. The framework proposed for identifying suitable locations for wind farms is put to the test through a case study in all Turkey areas, providing valuable insights into its practical utility and potential for broader use in similar contexts.
Transfusion safety: asymptomatic malaria in blood donors at Ebolawa Regional Hospital (South Cameroon)
Authors: ETOUNDI Soni Fabien , TANKOUA-TCHOUNDA Romeo , Leger Michel , ENAMA OFFONO , MAKEMGUE Louise Stéphanie , Tankoua-Tchounda Roméo 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Malaria remains one of the main infectious risks associated with blood transfusions in endemic regions. However, studies on the prevalence of transfusion-associated malaria have not been well characterized in endemic areas. The aim of this study was to determine the risk of transmission of Plasmodium spp. among blood donors at the Ebolowa regional hospital. The study was conducted over a period from January 2, 2022, to June 30, 2022. Socio-demographic information and knowledge about malarias were obtained using a structured questionnaire. Blood collected in an EDTA tube was used for the rapid diagnostic test, the thick and the thin thin film smear. A total of 375 blood donors tested positive for malaria out of the 512 people sampled. Plasmodium falciparum was the only species identified. The prevalence of malaria in blood donors by gender was statistically higher in males (84.1%) than females (54.1%). The age groups 26 to 40, 41 to 50, and 61 and over were more likely to be infected with malaria, with a prevalence of 89%, 88%, and 84.3%, respectively. Malaria prevalence was higher among single (77.3%) than married (63.3%) blood donors. Blood donors who reported not sleeping under a mosquito net were more malaria-positive (83.61%) than those sleeping under a mosquito net (13.15%). The blood donors who tested positive for malaria were all asymptomatic. The information generated from this study could be used to improve and reinforce new awareness and education strategies, as well as diagnostic and prevention strategies for transfusion malaria.
Long COVID in Children and Adolescents: A Retrospective Controlled Cohort Study from Iran
Authors: Sarani Mohsen , Motamed Niloofar , Hatami Gisou , Namvar Akbar , Ravanipour Maryam 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: After recovering from the acute phase of COVID-19, some of the infected children manifest long COVID symptoms. The present study aims to identify long COVID symptoms in children and adolescents admitted to hospitals in Bushehr, Iran, during 2021 to 2023, and compare them with the non-affected group.
Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted on 141 children and adolescents with COVID-19 and 141 non-affected peers. The data were collected using the data recorded in the patients’ records, conducting telephone interviews and completing the prevalent long COVID symptom form.
Results: The mean age of the hospitalized children with COVID-19 was 79±5.24 months old, 57.4% of whom were boys. Also, 46 individuals of the infected group (32.6%) manifested long COVID symptoms. The most prevalent symptoms included fatigue (54.3%), impaired attention or concentration (41.3%) and depression or anxiety symptoms (34.7%). Significant correlation was found between disease severity and muscle and joint pain (P=0.025) as well as between length of hospital stay and cough (P=0.022), weight loss (P=0.047) and depression or anxiety symptoms (P=0.008). Older age [(6-11 y; OR=3.18, CI=1.03-9.88); (12≥ y; OR= 4.57, CI=1.40-14.96)] and having history of smoking or being exposed to secondhand smoke (OR= 12.45, CI= 3.14-49.36) were considered as risk factors for long COVID.
Conclusions: Informing the public about smoking or being exposed to smoke as risk factors for long COVID, in addition to its other hazards, is of particular importance. Informing the healthcare staff and general public about the most prevalent symptoms of long COVID could be effective in timely diagnosis and treatment as well as reducing families’ stress burden.
Detection of vacant parking space in adverse weather Based on Improved YOLO Network Model
Authors: Ahad Abdul , Kidwai Farha 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The increasing urban population in Delhi has exacerbated the prevailing parking challenges, and traffic congestion. In response, governmental efforts to implement "Smart Parking" initiatives have been initiated; however, existing solutions encounter constraints. This paper presents a pioneering Optimal Parking Allocation Model (OPSAM) leveraging the YOLO (You Only Look Once) detection algorithm to revolutionize parking management in Delhi. OPSAM signifies a paradigmatic shift from driver-side parking search to system-side allocation, thereby optimizing parking space allocation. Benefiting from YOLO's rapid detection speed and suitability for real-time object detection, this study employs the YOLO v3 network for vehicle and the occupancy status of parking space detection in parking lots. Experimental findings demonstrate the method's efficacy in enhancing vehicle and parking space detection accuracy while mitigating neglected detection rates.
Paenibacillus polymyxa and Bacillus cereus co-bacterial agent promotes ginseng resistance to diseases and improves yield, quality and pesticide degradation through regulating rhizosphere microbial community structure and potential function
Authors: Li Xinyue , Liu Qun , Gao Yugang , Zang Pu , Zheng Tong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background: The ginseng endophyte Paenibacillus polymyxa Pp-7250 (Pp-7250) have multifaceted roles such as preventing ginseng diseases, promoting growth, increasing ginsenoside accumulation and degrading pesticide residues, these effects still room for improvements. Composite fungicide is an effective means to improve the biocontrol effect of fungicide, but the effect of Pp-7250 in combination with its symbiotic bacteria on ginseng needs to be further researched, and its mechanism of action still remains to be elucidated. In order to elucidate the effect of Paenibacillus polymyxa and Bacillus cereus co-bacterial agent on the yield and quality of understory ginseng, as well as to investigate its mechanism of action. Firstly, the effects of Bacillus cereus (BS), Paenibacillus polymyxa Pp-7250(PS) and Paenibacillus polymyxa and Bacillus cereus co-bacterial agent (PB) treatments on ginseng yield, ginsenoside content, disease prevention and pesticide degradation rate were evaluated by field experiments. Secondly, differences in microbial communities in ginseng rhizosphere soils with different treatments were analyzed using high‐throughput amplicon sequencing. Finally, correlation analysis was performed to elucidate the mechanism of action of PB co-bacterial agent in improving the yield and quality of ginseng.
Results: The results indicate that PB treatment improved ginseng yield, ginsenoside accumulation, disease prevention and pesticide degradation. The mechanism is that PB treatment increased the abundance of beneficial microorganisms Rhodanobacter, Pseudolabrys, Gemmatimonas, Bacillus, Paenibacillus, Cortinarius, Russula, Paecilomyces, Trechisporaincreased and decreased the abundance of pathogenic microorganisms Ellin6067, Acidibacter, Fusarium, Tetracladium, Alternaria, and Ilyonectria in ginseng rhizosphere soil. PB co-bacterial agent enhanced the function of microbial metabolic pathways, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, biosynthesis of antibiotics, biosynthesis of amino acids, carbon fixation pathways in prokaryotes, DNA replication, terpenoid backbone biosynthesis, and decreased the function of microbial plant pathogen and animal pathogen. This study provided a theoretical reference for indepth research on improving the yield and quality of ginseng.
Conclusion: The combined agent of Paenibacillus polymyxa and Bacillus cereus may be a potential biocontrol agent to promote the resistance of ginseng to disease, improve the yield, quality and pesticide degradation.
Educator Perspectives on Stressors and Health: A qualitative study of U.S. K-12 educators in February 2022
Authors: Cavallari Jennifer M. , Trudel Sierra M. , Charamut Natalie R. , Suleiman Adekemi O. , Sanetti Lisa M. H. , Miskovsky Megan N. , Brennan Matthew E. , Dugan Alicia G. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
The teaching profession, already characterized by high stress and burnout, experienced exacerbated challenges during the height of the COVID-19 pandemic. While educators faced changing job demands over the course of the pandemic with switches in remote and in-person teaching along with COVID-19 transmission prevention strategies, the demands and resulting impact in the years that follow are still being explored. We sought to understand the stressors and health impacts of U.S. educators in the 2021–2022 school year, 2 years following the acute phase of the pandemic.
Methods
Thirty-four certified educators based in Connecticut, USA participated in 4 virtual focus groups in February 2022. A semi-structured focus group script, designed by the research team and guided by the job demands-resources model, was administered to understand stress impacts and stressors. Data were transcribed and analyzed using the constant comparative method to identify themes and sub-themes. Themes were summarized by frequency as well as by individuals.
Results
The majority of respondents reported educator well-being impacts of stress fell into three categories: physical health impacts and behaviors (76%; e.g. poor sleep, physical exhaustion, lack of exercise, unhealthy eating), psychological health impacts (62%; e.g. emotional exhaustion, anxiety, negative self-evaluation); and social well-being impacts and behaviors (68%; e.g. connections with family or friends, connections with others, relationships with coworkers). Sources of reported stressors included the school or district (94%), personal (65%), situational (35%), and to a lesser extent parents (24%), other work factors (15%), community (12%), students (12%), and state or national level (9%) factors. At the school/district level, stressors were related to protocols/expectations (91%, e.g. excessive or increased demands, insufficient or decreased resources) or administrators (38%). Personal level stressors included personal life (41%); other personal factors (20%); and income (17%); situational factors included the pandemic (26%) and safety concerns (9%).
Conclusion
Focus groups allowed us to assess the health and working conditions of Connecticut’s public education workforce 2 years following the acute phase of the pandemic. Lasting effects are relevant in the post-pandemic era and continue to pose challenges as teacher shortages increase. Targeted interventions are needed to reduce school and district-related demands and to address stress-related educator well-being.
Acceptability of an e-mental health self-help intervention aiming to improve psychological distress among persons experiencing unstable housing in France
Authors: Tortelli Andrea , Figueiredo Natasha , Martinez Julian Vadell , Roversi Aurélia , Bryant Richard , McDaid David , Lorant Vincent , Nicaise Pablo , Mediavilla Roberto , McGreevy Kerry R. , Haro Josep Maria , Sijbrandij Marit , Witteween Anke , Underhill James , Surkan Pamela J. , Melchior Maria 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
People experiencing socioeconomic disadvantage are at high risk of having mental health needs. E-mental health tools could help address the mental health needs of this hard-to-reach population. The aim of our study was to explore the acceptability and appropriateness of a mobile-supported website adaptation of WHO’s stress management guide “Doing What Matters in Times of Stress” (DWM) among individuals experiencing unstable housing conditions, as well as among relevant health and social care sector professionals working with this population in Paris.
Methods
48 individuals (22 persons experiencing unstable housing conditions and 26 key informants including health care and social workers) participated in a two-phase qualitative study. Participants completed free listing individual interviews (FLI) aiming to investigate access to communication technologies as well as barriers and facilitators of use e-mental health tools, and focus groups (FG) examining barriers and facilitators of use of the DWM online intervention (DWM-OI). All FLIs and FGs were transcribed and content analysis was implemented.
Results
DWM-OI was considered a useful tool to help individuals deal with stress, both by individuals experiencing unstable housing conditions and by health care and social professionals. Identified barriers to use included: low literacy, lack of face-to-face interaction, and intermittent accessibility to a smartphone or to the Internet. Some participants experiencing unstable housing conditions requested assistance to use DWM-OI as they would not be entirely at ease with this technology.
Conclusion
Our data suggest that the DWM e-mental health intervention (DWM-OI) is probably well-accepted by persons experiencing unstable housing conditions and by healthcare and social workers in contact with this group. However, certain barriers need to be addressed to make this type of e-mental health tool widely accessible to individuals who experience socioeconomic disadvantage.