bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The economic cost of musculoskeletal disorders in Canada
Authors: Coyte Peter C. , Asche Carl V. , Croxford Ruth , Chan Ben 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjective. This study estimated the total cost of musculoskeletal disorders for Canadians in 1994 and assessed the sensitivity of these cost estimates to variations in the definition of musculoskeletal disorders.Methods. Disease‐related costs, from a societal perspective, were measured using a prevalencebased analysis. First, direct treatment costs, including expenditures on hospitals and other institutions, physicians and other health professionals, drugs, research, and other items were assessed. Second, indirect costs associated with lost (or foregone) productivity due to disability and premature mortality were evaluated using the human capital approach.Results. The total cost of musculoskeletal disorders in Canada was $25.6 billion (in 1994 Canadian dollars, $1.00 CDN ≈ $0.75 US) or 3.4% of the gross domestic product. Direct and indirect costs were estimated at $7.5 billion and $18.1 billion, respectively. Lower and upper bound estimates of the total cost of musculoskeletal disorders, derived from the sensitivity analysis, were $19.9 billion and $30.8 billion, respectively. Wide variations were reported in the total cost of various musculoskeletal disorder subcategories, with the highest costs reported for injuries ($10.7 billion), back and spine disorders ($8.1 billion), and arthritis and rheumatism ($5.9 billion).Conclusions. The economic cost of musculoskeletal disorders was substantial and was sensitive to the definition of musculoskeletal disorders and other underlying assumptions. The hallmark of this study was the variation between subcategories in their cost, pattern of health resource use, and sequelae. The cost estimates may provide guidance in setting priorities for research and prevention activities.
The effects of social support and education on health care costs after three years
Authors: Cronan Terry A. , Hay Meghan , Groess Erik , Bigatti Silvia , Gallagher Ruth , Tomita Mitsuo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjective. To determine whether experimentally developed social support, education about appropriate use of the health care system, and their combination are effective in reducing health care costs for people with osteoarthritis at a 3‐year followup assessment.Method. Three hundred sixty‐three health maintenance organization members with osteoarthritis were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 intervention groups or to a control group. Two hundred fifty‐six participants completed the 3‐year assessment. Health status and health care use were assessed upon entering the study, and after 1, 2, and 3 years.Results. Health care costs in the combined experimental groups were lower than those in the control group by $1,279/participant/year in year 3. There were no significant changes in health status between participants' entry into the study and the year 3 assessment. The 3 interventions had nearly equal effects on health status and health care costs. Implementation costs were least for the social support intervention, but the group that combined education and social support had less attrition and greater persistence.Conclusion. Interventions that target appropriate use of the health care system can be highly costeffective without adversely affecting health status.
Cross‐cultural adaptation and validation of an argentine Spanish version of the Stanford childhood health assessment questionnaire
Authors: Moroldo Marta B. , Cunto Carmen De , Hübscher Osvaldo , Liberatore Diana , Palermo Rosa , Russo Ricardo , Giannini Edward H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjectives. To translate into Argentine Spanish and cross‐culturally adapt the Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire (CHAQ) and validate the adapted instrument in Argentine patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA).Methods. Five bilingual Argentine pediatric rheumatologists translated into Argentine Spanish and cross‐culturally adapted the United States English CHAQ. Pretesting was done in a sample of 23 parents using a probe question technique. Parents of 70 patients with JRA and 21 healthy children (controls) participated in the validation phase. All were from Argentina.Results. The mean disability index (DI) scores for patients with systemic, polyarticular, or pauciarticular onset JRA were 0.64, 0.32, and 0.1, respectively. Healthy controls averaged 0.2. Intercomponent correlations were between 0.4 and 0.9, suggesting internal consistency, but also some redundancy. Test‐retest reliability, studied at a 1‐week interval, was moderate (mean DI 0.44 [in clinic] and 0.29 [one week later], Pearson's correlation = 0.82). We compared CHAQ scores from 15 parents with those of their children >10 years of age. Significantly higher DI scores were given by patients than their respective parents (P > 0.019), but the pairwise scores (parent–patient) were highly correlated (r = 0.986).Conclusions. Cross‐cultural adaptation of the US CHAQ to Argentina required few changes. Although DI scores for all patient subgroups were higher than for controls subjects, the scores were low, particularly for those with pauciarticular disease. Prospective studies designed to examine the sensitivity to change and predictive validity will help to assess further the usefulness of the adapted CHAQ in the Argentine population.
Substance use among adolescents with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Nash Alisa A. , Britt Maria T. , Lovell Daniel J. , Passo Murray H. , Rosenthal Susan L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjective. To determine the prevalence of substance use among adolescents with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis and to assess available opportunities for rheumatologists to identify high risk teens.Methods. Fifty‐two teens (mean age 13.9 years, 86% female) completed questionnaires regarding substance use (alcohol, tobacco, marijuana, and other illicit substances), functional disability, and frequency of health care contacts.Results. Alcohol use was reported by 30.7% of teens, including 23.5% of those for whom methotrexate was prescribed; 15.4% reported tobacco use in the last year, and 13.4% reported other illicit substance use in their lifetime, although most use was experimental. No teen reported marijuana use. The majority reported regular contact with their rheumatologist but only 26.9% were ever interviewed alone.Conclusion. Many teens with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, including those prescribed methotrexate, used substances, especially alcohol. When rheumatologists see adolescents, particularly in situations where methotrexate may be prescribed, a clinical setting conducive to confidentiality, physician comfort in asking about sensitive topics such as substance abuse, and referral relationships with skilled adolescent health and substance abuse counseling providers are essential.
Differential responses by psychosocial subgroups of fibromyalgia syndrome patients to an interdisciplinary treatment
Authors: Turk Dennis C. , Okifuji Akiko , Sinclair J. David , Starz Terence W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjectives. To evaluate differential treatment responses among 3 empirically derived, psychosocial subgroups of patients with fibromyalgia syndrome to a standard interdisciplinary treatment program.Method. Patients were classified into 1 of 3 psychosocial groups on the basis of their responses to the Multidimensional Pain Inventory. Forty‐eight patients completed a 6 one–half‐day outpatient treatment program consisting of medical, physical, occupational, and psychological therapies spaced over a period of 4 weeks (3 sessions the first week followed by 1 session per week for the next 3 consecutive weeks).Results. Statistically significant reductions were observed in pain, affective distress, perceived disability, and perceived interference of pain in the patients characterized by poor coping and high level of pain (“dysfunctional” group). In contrast, individuals who were characterized by interpersonal difficulties (“interpersonally distressed” group) exhibited poor responses to the treatment. “Adaptive copers,” the third group, revealed significant improvements in pain but due to low pretreatment levels of affective distress and disability showed little improvement on these outcomes.Conclusions. The results provided support for the hypothesis that customizing treatment based on patients' psychosocial needs will lead to enhanced treatment efficacy. They also emphasize the importance of using appropriate outcome criteria, as low levels of problems at baseline are not likely to show significant changes following any treatment.
Use of alternative therapies by patients with rheumatic disease in Guadalajara, Mexico: Prevalence, beliefs, and expectations
Authors: Ramos‐Remus Cesar , Gamez‐Nava Jorge I. , Gonzalez‐Lopez Laura , Skeith Kenneth J. , Perla‐Navarro Ana V. , Galvan‐Villegas Federico , Suarez‐Almazor Maria E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjective. To assess the prevalence, practices, beliefs, and expectations of patients with rheumatic diseases in relation to the use of alternative therapies.Methods. We conducted a cross‐sectional survey of 300 consecutive patients with rheumatic diseases at 3 outpatient rheumatic disease clinics in Guadalajara, Mexico to evaluate the use of alternative therapies. A face‐to‐face structured interview was administered by a trained assistant to evaluate the prevalence of use and patient beliefs, perceptions, and expectations in relation to alternative therapies.Results. Two hundred fifty patients (83%) had used a total of 1,386 alternative therapies (range 1–19); 203 (68%) patients had used alternative therapy in the previous 12 months. Sixty‐one percent received at least one alternative treatment before the first rheumatology consultation, but an additional 18% initiated these therapies after their initial contact with a rheumatologist at our clinics. Only 66 (26%) of the patients using alternative therapy notified their rheumatologist about their use. Thirty‐six patients (14%) discontinued formal treatment at least on one occasion in order to receive alternative therapies, and only 8 (22%) notified their rheumatologist. Alternative therapy practitioners recommended discontinuation of conventional therapy on 57% of the occasions when formal treatments were discontinued. Mean expenditures per patient for fees to alternative therapy providers were equivalent to 28 days of the official minimum daily wage, and per patient costs for the remedies themselves were equivalent to 13 days of the official minimum daily wage.Patients who used alternative therapy in the past 12 months had lower education (7 versus 10 years, P > 0.001) and were slightly more disabled (1.7 versus 1.5, modified Health Assessment Questionnaire, P > 0.01).Conclusions. In this survey most patients used alternative therapies for the treatment of their rheumatic disease. Alternative therapies were costly and appeared to decrease adherence to conventional therapy. Health care providers should openly discuss the use of alternative therapy in patients with rheumatic diseases.
Phosphorylation‐Induced Conformational Changes in Short Peptides Probed by Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer in the 10 Å Domain
Authors: Sahoo Harekrushna , Nau Werner M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPhosphorylation‐induced conformational changes in short polypeptides were probed by a fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) method by employing a short‐distance FRET pair (R0≈10 Å) based on tryptophan as natural donor and a 2,3‐diazabicyclo[2.2.2]oct‐2‐ene‐labeled asparagine (Dbo) as synthetic acceptor. Two substrates for kinases, LeuArgArgTrpSerLeuGly‐Dbo (peptide I) and TrpLysArgThrLeuArgArg‐Dbo (peptide II), were investigated, with serine and threonine, respectively, as phosphorylation sites. Steady‐state and time‐resolved fluorescence experiments in H2O revealed a decrease in FRET efficiency for peptide I and an increase for peptide II; this suggested that the effective distances between donor and acceptor increased and decreased, respectively. The same trends and similar absolute variations in effective donor–acceptor distances were observed in propylene glycol, a less polar and highly viscous solvent; this suggested that the variations are due to intrinsic structural preferences. Fitting of the time‐resolved decay traces according to a distribution function model (Gaussian distribution) provided the mean donor–acceptor distances, which showed an increase upon phosphorylation for peptide I (from 9.7 to 10.5 Å) and a decrease for peptide II (from 10.9 to 9.3 Å) in H2O. The broadness (half‐width) of the distributions, which provides a measure of the rigidity of the peptides, remained similar upon phosphorylation of peptide I (3.0 versus 3.1 Å), but decreased for peptide II (from 3.1 to 0.73 Å in H2O); this suggests a more compact, structured conformation upon phosphorylation of the latter peptide. The elongation of the peptide backbone (by ca. 0.7 Å) for peptide I is attributed to an increase in steric demand upon phosphorylation, which favors an extended conformation. The contraction (by ca. 1.4 Å) and structural rigidification of peptide II is attributed to attractive Coulombic interactions and hydrogen bonding between the phosphate group and the arginine residues.
Twisting of Conjugated Oligomers and Polymers: Case Study of Oligo‐ and Polythiophene
Authors: Zade Sanjio S. , Bendikov Michael 
Published: February 2007

AbstractInterring twisting (change in the dihedral angle between conjugated rings) of polythiophene was studied theoretically using periodic boundary conditions (PBC) at the B3LYP/6‐31G(d) level. We find that the band gap of polymers is strongly dependent on the interring twist angle; yet twisting requires very little energy. A twist of 30° increases the band gap by 0.75 eV in polythiophene, while requiring only 0.41 kcal mol−1 per monomer unit. Such a small energetic value is of the order of crystal packing or van der Waals forces. These results are compared with calculations performed on model oligomers. Sexithiophene, its radical cations, and its dication are optimized at 0–180° end‐to‐end twist angles (which correspond to 0–36° interring dihedral angles) using the B3LYP/6‐31G(d) method. The theoretical results suggest that the HOMO–LUMO gap, ionization potential, and charge distribution of oligomers are strongly dependent on twisting, whereas, similar to the case of polythiophene, twisting of neutral oligothiophenes costs very little energy. In the case of the radical cation, the lowest energy transition is shifted to a longer wavelength region on twisting, while the second‐lowest energy transition is shifted to a shorter wavelength region. This implies that twisted, doped conducting polymers (modeled here by an oligomer radical cation), in contrast to planar, doped polymers, should be transparent within a certain optical window (in the far‐visible region, at ≈1.5 eV). This observation is explained on the basis of changes in the shape and overlap of the frontier molecular orbitals.
Syntheses of Four‐Membered Metallacyclic Complexes with Nitrosylruthenium and Their Ring‐Opening upon HCl Addition
Authors: Arikawa Yasuhiro , Ikeda Kenta , Asayama Taiki , Nishimura Yoshimasa , Onishi Masayoshi 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSymmetrically disubstituted bis(3‐hydroxyalkynyl) complex [TpRu{CCCPh2(OH)}2(NO)] (1) (Tp = BH(pyrazol‐1‐yl)3) and unsymmetrically mixed (arylalkynyl)(3‐hydroxyalkynyl) congener [TpRu(CCC6H4Me){CCCPh2(OH)}(NO)] (2) were newly prepared. Treatment of 1 or 2 with p‐toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate was carried out to give unusual four‐membered metallacyclic complexes [TpRu{C(CCPh2)C(O)C(CPh2)}(NO)] (3) and [TpRu{C(CCPh2)C(O)CH(C6H4Me)}(NO)] (5), respectively, as major products. Formation mechanism of 3 and 5 would involve insertion of the generated allenylidene group (RuCCCPh2) into the other RuC(alkynyl) bond, followed by hydration of the resulting α‐alkynylallenyl fragment. With regards to the chemical reactivity of their four‐membered metallacycles, treatment with aq. HCl in MeOH afforded the ring‐opened one‐HCl adducts, [TpRuCl{C(CCPh2)C(O)CHCPh2}(NO)] (7) and [TpRuCl{C(CCPh2)C(O)CH2(C6H4Me)}(NO)] (8). On the other hand, the use of CH2Cl2 and THF as the reaction solvent gave another type of one‐HCl adducts [TpRu{CH(C(Cl)CPh2)C(O)C(CPh2)}(NO)] (9 a/9 b) and [TpRu{CH(C(Cl)CPh2)C(O)CH(C6H4Me)}(NO)] (11 a/11 b) as diastereomeric pairs, still retaining the four‐membered ring structure. Moreover, their kinetically controlled products 9 b and 11 b were treated with aq. HCl to afford the ring‐opened two‐HCl adducts [TpRuCl{C(C(Cl)CPh2)(H)C(O)CHCPh2}(NO)] (10) and [TpRuCl{CH(C6H4Me)C(O)CH2(C(Cl)CPh2)}(NO)] (12), respectively. In 10 and 12, each one RuC bond is cleaved at mutually different positions in the ring. Protonation on the carbonyl group would trigger the formation of 7–12.
New Potential Materials for Infrared Nonlinear Optics. Preparation, Characterization and Optical Transparency of Monometallic and Bimetallic Iodates.
Authors: Phanon Delphine , Bentria Bachir , Benbertal Djamal , Mosset Alain , Gautier‐Luneau Isabelle 
Published: February 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
New Spinel Cobalt Oxides, Potential Conductive Additives for the Positive Electrode of Ni—MH Batteries.
Authors: Tronel Frederic , Guerlou‐Demourgues Liliane , Menetrier Michel , Croguennec Laurence , Goubault Lionel , Bernard Patrick , Delmas Claude 
Published: February 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Hydrogen Silsesquioxane: A Molecular Precursor for Nanocrystalline Si—SiO2 Composites and Freestanding Hydride‐Surface‐Terminated Silicon Nanoparticles.
Authors: Hessel Colin M. , Henderson Eric J. , Veinot Jonathan G. C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Syntheses, Structures, and Vibrational Spectroscopy of the Two‐Dimensional Iodates Ln(IO3)3 and Ln(IO3)3(H2O) (Ln: Yb, Lu).
Authors: Assefa Zerihun , Ling Jie , Haire Richard G. , Albrecht‐Schmitt Thomas E. , Sykora Richard E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Triphasic Liquid Systems: Generation and Segregation of Catalytically Active Pd Nanoparticles in an Ammonium‐Based Catalyst‐Philic Phase.
Authors: Perosa Alvise , Tundo Pietro , Selva Maurizio , Canton Patrizia 
Published: February 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Asymmetric Induction in Copper(I)‐Catalyzed Intramolecular [2 + 2] Photocycloaddition: Synthesis of Enantiopure Cyclobutane Derivatives.
Authors: Sarkar Niladri , Ghosh Subrata 
Published: February 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Tandem Semipinacol/Schmidt Reaction Leading to a Versatile and Efficient Approach to Azaquaternary Alkaloid Skeletons.
Authors: Gu Peiming , Zhao Yu‐Ming , Tu Yong Qiang , Ma Yufei , Zhang Fumin 
Published: February 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Selective α‐Bromination of β‐Keto Esters in Reusable PEG‐400 under Mild and Catalyst‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Xie Ye‐Xiang , Tang Shi , Zhu Qi‐Ming , Yin Du‐Lin , Li Jin‐Heng 
Published: February 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Dicyano‐Functionalized MCM‐41‐Supported Palladium Complex as an Efficient Catalyst for Allylation of Aldehydes and Ketones.
Authors: Zhao Hong , Cai Ming‐Zhong 
Published: February 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Asymmetric Phase‐Transfer Catalysis of Homo‐ and Heterochiral Quaternary Ammonium Salts: Development and Application of Conformationally Flexible Chiral Phase‐Transfer Catalysts.
Authors: Ooi Takashi , Uematsu Yukitaka , Kameda Minoru , Maruoka Keiji 
Published: February 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Highly Active Carbene Ruthenium Catalyst for Metathesis of 1‐Hexene.
Authors: Bai Chen‐Xi , Zhang Zhi‐Qiang , Lue Xiao‐Bing , He Ren , Zhang Wen‐Zhen , Lu Shu‐Lai 
Published: February 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Molecular Tectonics on Surfaces: Bottom‐Up Fabrication of 1D Coordination Networks that Form 1D and 2D Arrays on Graphite
Authors: Surin Mathieu , Samori Paolo , Jouaiti Abdelaziz , Kyritsakas Nathalie , Hosseini Mir Wais 
Published: February 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of N,N‐Dimethylamines via Barbier—Grignard‐Type Electrophilic Amination.
Authors: Erdik Ender , Ates Selma 
Published: February 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Dramatic Ligand Effect in Catalytic Asymmetric Reductive Aldol Reaction of Allenic Esters to Ketones.
Authors: Zhao Dongbo , Oisaki Kounosuke , Kanai Motomu , Shibasaki Masakatsu 
Published: February 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
1,5‐Diketone Synthesis Promoted by Barium Hydride or Barium Alkoxides.
Authors: Takahashi Hiroshi , Arai Takayoshi , Yanagisawa Akira 
Published: February 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Multicomponent Approach to Substituted Benzenes Involving Sequential Nickel‐Catalyzed Reactions.
Authors: ElDouhaibi Ahmad Samih , Lozanov Mario , Montgomery John 
Published: February 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Asymmetric Negishi Reaction for Sterically Hindered Couplings: Synthesis of Chiral Binaphthalenes.
Authors: Genov Miroslav , Fuentes Beatriz , Espinet Pablo , Pelaz Beatriz 
Published: February 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.