bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrafast modulable 2DEG Huygens metasurface
Authors: Zeng Hongxin , Cong Xuan , Wang Shiqi , Gong Sen , Huang Lin , Wang Lan , Liang Huajie , Lan Feng , Cao Haoyi , Wang Zheng , Wang Weipeng , Liang Shixiong , Feng Zhihong , Yang Ziqiang , Zhang Yaxin , Cui Tie Jun 
Published: March 2024

Huygens metasurfaces have demonstrated remarkable potential in perfect transmission and precise wavefront modulation through the synergistic integration of electric resonance and magnetic resonance. However, prevailing active or reconfigurable Huygens metasurfaces, based on all-optical systems, encounter formidable challenges associated with the intricate control of bulk dielectric using laser equipment and the presence of residual thermal effects, leading to limitations in continuous modulation speeds. Here, we present an ultrafast electrically driven terahertz Huygens metasurface that comprises an artificial microstructure layer featuring a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) provided by an AlGaN/GaN heterojunction, as well as a passive microstructure layer. Through precise manipulation of the carrier concentration within the 2DEG layer, we effectively govern the current distribution on the metasurfaces, inducing variations in electromagnetic resonance modes to modulate terahertz waves. This modulation mechanism achieves high efficiency and contrast for terahertz wave manipulation. Experimental investigations demonstrate continuous modulation capabilities of up to 6 GHz, a modulation efficiency of 90%, a transmission of 91%, and a remarkable relative operating bandwidth of 55.5%. These significant advancements substantially enhance the performance of terahertz metasurface modulators. Importantly, our work not only enables efficient amplitude modulation but also introduces an approach for the development of high-speed and efficient intelligent transmissive metasurfaces.
Safety profile of rivaroxaban in first-time users treated for venous thromboembolism in four European countries
Authors: Ruigómez Ana , Schink Tania , Voss Annemarie , Herings Ron M. C. , Smits Elisabeth , Swart-Polinder Karin , Balabanova Yanina , Brobert Gunnar , Suzart-Woischnik Kiliana , García Rodríguez Luis Alberto 
Published: March 2024

Background
The European rivaroxaban post-authorization safety study evaluated bleeding risk among patients initiated on rivaroxaban or vitamin K antagonists for the treatment and secondary prevention of venous thromboembolism in routine clinical practice.

Methods
Cohorts were created using electronic healthcare databases from the UK, the Netherlands, Germany and Sweden. Patients with a first prescription of rivaroxaban or vitamin K antagonist during the period from December 2011 (in the UK, January 2012) to December 2017 (in Germany, December 2016) for venous thromboembolism indication, with no record of atrial fibrillation or recent cancer history, were observed until the occurrence of each safety outcome (hospitalization for intracranial, gastrointestinal, urogenital or other bleeding), death or study end (December 2018; in Germany, December 2017). Crude incidence rates of each outcome per 100 person-years were computed.

Results
Overall, 44 737 rivaroxaban and 45 842 vitamin K antagonist patients were enrolled, mean age, 59.9–63.8 years. Incidence rates were similar between rivaroxaban and vitamin K antagonist users with some exceptions, including higher incidence rates for gastrointestinal bleeding in rivaroxaban users than in vitamin K antagonist users. Among rivaroxaban users, mortality and bleeding risk generally increased with age, renal impairment and diabetes.

Conclusions
This study provides further data from routine clinical practice that broadly support safety profile of rivaroxaban for VTE indication and complement findings from previous randomized clinical trials.
Temporal trends of severity and outcomes of critically ill patients with COVID-19 after the emergence of variants of concern: A comparison of two waves
Authors: Freitas Daniela Helena Machado , Costa Eduardo Leite Vieira , Zimmermann Natalia Alcantara , Gois Larissa Santos Oliveira , Anjos Mirella Vittig Alves , Lima Felipe Gallego , Andrade Pâmela Santos , Joelsons Daniel , Ho Yeh‐Li , Sales Flávia Cristina Silva , Sabino Ester Cerdeira , Carvalho Carlos Roberto Ribeiro , Ferreira Juliana Carvalho 
Published: March 2024

Background
The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants led to subsequent waves of COVID-19 worldwide. In many countries, the second wave of COVID-19 was marked by record deaths, raising the concern that variants associated with that wave might be more deadly. Our aim was to compare outcomes of critically-ill patients of the first two waves of COVID-19.

Methods
This retrospective cohort included critically-ill patients admitted between March-June 2020 and April-July 2021 in the largest academic hospital in Brazil, which has free-access universal health care system. We compared admission characteristics and hospital outcomes. The main outcome was 60‐day survival and we built multivariable Cox model based on a conceptual causal diagram in the format of directed acyclic graph (DAG).

Results
We included 1583 patients (1315 in the first and 268 in the second wave). Patients in the second wave were younger, had lower severity scores, used prone and non-invasive ventilatory support more often, and fewer patients required mechanical ventilation (70% vs 80%, p<0.001), vasopressors (60 vs 74%, p<0.001), and dialysis (22% vs 37%, p<0.001). Survival was higher in the second wave (HR 0.61, 95%CI 0.50–0.76). In the multivariable model, admission during the second wave, adjusted for age, SAPS3 and vaccination, was not associated with survival (aHR 0.85, 95%CI 0.65–1.12).

Conclusions
In this cohort study, patients with COVID-19 admitted to the ICU in the second wave were younger and had better prognostic scores. Adjusted survival was similar in the two waves, contrasting with record number of hospitalizations, daily deaths and health system collapse seen across the country in the second wave. Our findings suggest that the combination of the burden of severe cases and factors such as resource allocation and health disparities may have had an impact in the excess mortality found in many countries in the second wave.
Some global implications of China's new energy policy initiative
Authors: Rurong Chen 
Published: March 2024

The "East Data West Computing" project was launched in February 2022 to alleviate the current imbalance of energy distribution in China and to promote the development of a green digital economy. It is designed to improve the ideal energy layout in China, using the abundant renewable energy available in the West to supply electricity for existing and planned data processing and analyzing centers and other high-tech businesses in the East. The nature of the paper is impact analysis based on qualitative and quantitative research methods. The paper's first objective is to quantify the probable impact of the initiative on China's energy balance in general, the electricity market in particular, its expected effects on Chinese energy imports, and its global implications. The second objective is to analyze the expected impact of the new initiative on the international competitiveness of China's high-tech industries and the structural optimization in the eastern digital industry using a two-way fixed effects model as well as its global implications. Based on the analysis, generalized and instructive conclusions are drawn, first, on the role of renewables in the regional distribution of electricity and the green transition, and, second, on the significance of the supply and price of electricity in the competitiveness of high-tech industries. It is assumed that the project would promote the development of green digital industries across the East and west regions.
At first glance, the paper is a Chinese case study focusing on global effects and implications, exploring the relationship between electricity production and consumption and how the high-tech industries give a chance to arrive at scientifically novel or new conclusions.
SELECTION OF THE OPTIMAL EXTRACTION MODULE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE TECHNOLOGY OF PRODUCTION OF BLACK AND GREEN TEA EXTRACTS (Camellia sinensis) WITH HIGH INDICATORS OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY
Authors: Ignatova Dinara Fanisovna , Voronina Marianna Sergeevna , Makarova Nadezhda Viktorovna 
Published: March 2024

It is known that various factors of extraction, such as the type of solvent, temperature, time, solvent system, degree of grinding of raw materials, extraction modulus significantly affect the level of antioxidant properties of plant products. The aim of our study was to select the optimal extraction module for two types of tea (Camellia sinensis), to obtain extracts with high values of total soluble solids, phenols, flavonoids, tannins, antiradical activity according to the DPPH method, restoring strength according to the FRAP method. The objects of the study were extracts of two types of tea obtained using water, with a grinding degree of 0.5 mm, an extraction temperature of 40–50 °C, an extraction time of 24 h, and various versions of extraction modules 1 : 10, 1 : 15, 1 : 20. The indicator of the content of dry soluble substances in black and green tea reaches high values when using the extraction module 1 : 10 (9% and 9.6%, respectively), the maximum amount of phenolic substances (3139 mg (HA) / 100 g and 2045 mg (HA) / 100 g), flavonoids (1644 mg (K) / 100 g and 718 mg (K) / 100 g), tannins (123 mg catechin / 100 g and 56 mg catechin / 100 g) were extracted from black and green tea extracts at extraction module 1 : 10. The highest index of restorative power was observed in black and green tea extracts with an extraction modulus of 1 : 10 (8.73 mmol Fe2+ / kg and 15.84 mmol Fe2+ / kg). At an extraction modulus of 1 : 10, black and green tea extracts exhibited the least antiradical activity (Ec50 = 0.39 mg / cm3 and Ec50 = 0.69 mg / cm3). Thus, we can recommend the value of the module 1 : 10 as the most acceptable for obtaining extracts from black and green tea with a high level of the studied parameters.
Evaluasi Terhadap Kawasan Perbatasan Darat Indonesia Melalui Lima Dimensi Indeks Pembangunan
Authors: Rahim Dian Anggraeny , Priyarsono D.S. , Rustiadi Ernan , Syaukat Yusman 
Published: March 2024

Pembangunan kawasan perbatasan adalah suatu amanat Nawacita yaitu membangun dari pinggiran. Berbagai program telah dilaksanakan di kawasan perbatasan yang memiliki tujuan untuk keberhasilan perbatasan, namun pembangunan di kawasan perbatasan belum menunjukkan hasil maksimal, bahkan jika dibandingkan dengan kawasan non perbatasan pada propinsi yang sama. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada rentang tahun 2015 -2020 di lima propinsi yang memiliki kawasan perbatasan darat yaitu Kalimantan Barat. Kalimantan Timur, Kalimantan Utara, Nusa Tenggara Timur dan Papua. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengevaluasi pembangunan yang telah dilakukan pemerintah melalui lima dimensi pada indeks pembangunan yaitu dimensi ekonomi, dimensi sosial, dimensi infrastruktur, dimensi teknologi informasi dan komunikasi serta dimensi lingkungan dan menggunakan dua puluh enam variabel. Metode penghitungan yang dilakukan menggunakan metode Model Linier Agregation oleh OECD. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan selama rentang waktu 2015 – 2020, indeks pembangunan berdasarkan dimensi ekonomi di kawasan perbatasan memiliki klasifikasi rendah, dimensi sosial memiliki klasifikasi tinggi, dimensi infrastruktur memiliki klasifikasi rendah kecuali Kalimantan Barat pada tahun 2015 -2018 memiliki klaisifikasi sedang, dimensi teknologi indormasi dan komunikasi memiliki klasifikasi rendah, dimensi lingkungan memiliki klasifikasi rendah.
Grupo de Trabajo de la EFLM sobre Acreditación y Normas ISO/CEN sobre cómo abordar los requisitos de la norma ISO15189 sobre retención de documentación y muestras
Authors: Meško Brguljan Pika , Thelen Marc H.M. , Bernabeu-Andreu Francisco A. , Kroupis Christos , Boursier Guilaine , Vukasović Ines , Barrett Edward , Brugnoni Duilio , Lohmander Maria , Šprongl Luděk , Vodnik Tatjana , Ghiţă Irina , Vanstapel Florent , Vaubourdolle Michel , Huisman Willem 
Published: March 2024

Resumen
Gran parte de la actividad en el laboratorio clínico debe quedar documentada para facilitar el mantenimiento de la calidad del servicio, lo que deriva en la generación de una gran cantidad de documentación, formularios e informes. Con tal objeto, es necesario especificar el tiempo de retención requerido para cada tipo de documento y muestra. Además de la obligación de conservar los informes del laboratorio clínico como parte de la historia clínica de los pacientes, el laboratorio también está obligado por ley, o según las directrices de las organizaciones profesionales, si las hubiera, a retener un gran volumen de documentación y muestras. En caso contrario, la dirección del laboratorio deberá establecer un calendario de retención, en el que se especifiquen las condiciones y el periodo de conservación, de acuerdo con los requisitos de la norma ISO 15189:2022 sobre retención de documentación y registros de gestión de la calidad.
En el presente proyecto, el Grupo de Trabajo de la EFLM sobre Acreditación y Normas ISO/CEN propone una serie de periodos de retención de documentación y muestras, basada en la metodología de análisis modal de fallos y efectos (AMFE), un método para la reducción de riesgos que ha pasado a formar parte integral de los estándares actuales.
Social Organization, Intersections, and Interactions in Bronze Age Sardinia. Reading Settlement Patterns in the Area of Sarrala with the Contribution of Applied Sciences
Authors: Lai Luca , Crispu Stefano 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Bronze Age sites in the coastal area of Sarrala, in Eastern Sardinia, have been subjected to survey and excavation over the last half-century. The study area, whose social and economic evolution and changing scales of interactions are traced through settlement patterns and building analysis, is interpreted in light of more general trends suggested by stable isotopes, archaeogenetics, and paleoclimatology. The local picture of progressive demographic growth and infilling of the landscape, with a subsequent concentration of population and labor, follows a sequence widely detected in Sardinia. More specific identifiable aspects include a comparatively higher fragmentation/competition (ratio of complex vs simple nuraghes; ratio of tombs vs nuraghes) and a consistent pattern in the distribution of non-local building materials in the latest phase at the sites showing archaic features, taken as a clue of a long-lasting authority at select sites. These elements are compatible with organized pastoral exploitation of the available territory, structured according to patrilocality and closeness to ancestral lineages and residences. The interplay of internal dynamics relative to constraints and opportunities is discussed, such as climate change and long-distance trade connections, with possible implications for interpreting Nuragic society.
Association between self-reported pain severity and characteristics of United States adults (age ≥50 years) who used opioids
Authors: Axon David R. , Aliu Oiza 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objective:
The aim of this study was to assess the associations between the characteristics of United States (US) adults (≥50 years) who used opioids and self-reported pain severity using a nationally representative dataset.

Methods:
This retrospective cross-sectional database study used 2019 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey data to identify US adults aged ≥50 years with self-reported pain within the past 4 weeks and ≥1 opioid prescription within the calendar year (n = 1,077). Weighted multivariable logistic regression analysis modeled associations between various characteristics and self-reported pain severity (quite a bit/extreme vs less/moderate pain).

Results:
The adjusted logistic regression model indicated that greater odds of reporting quite a bit/extreme pain was associated with the following: age 50–64 vs ≥65 (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.76; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.22–2.54), non-Hispanic vs Hispanic (AOR = 2.0; CI = 1.18–3.39), unemployed vs employed (AOR = 2.01; CI = 1.33–3.05), no health insurance vs private insurance (AOR = 6.80; CI = 1.43–32.26), fair/poor vs excellent/very good/good health (AOR = 3.10; CI = 2.19–4.39), fair/poor vs excellent/very good/good mental health (AOR = 2.16; CI = 1.39–3.38), non-smoker vs smoker (AOR = 1.80; CI = 1.19–2.71), and instrumental activity of daily living, yes vs no (AOR = 2.27; CI = 1.30–3.96).

Conclusion:
Understanding the several characteristics associated with pain severity in US adults ≥50 years who used an opioid may help transform healthcare approaches to prevention, education, and management of pain severity in later life.
Could generative artificial intelligence replace fieldwork in pain research?
Authors: Bojic Suzana , Radovanovic Nemanja , Radovic Milica , Stamenkovic Dusica 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Generative artificial intelligence (AI) models offer potential assistance in pain research data acquisition, yet concerns persist regarding data accuracy and reliability. In a comparative study, we evaluated open generative AI models’ capacity to acquire data on acute pain in rock climbers comparable to field research.

Methods
Fifty-two rock climbers (33 m/19 f; age 29.0 [24.0–35.75] years) were asked to report pain location and intensity during a single climbing session. Five generative pretrained transformer models were tasked with responses to the same questions.

Results
Climbers identified the back of the forearm (19.2%) and toes (17.3%) as primary pain sites, with reported median pain intensity at 4 [3–5] and median maximum pain intensity at 7 [5–8]. Conversely, AI models yielded divergent findings, indicating fingers, hands, shoulders, legs, and feet as primary pain localizations with average and maximum pain intensity ranging from 3 to 4.4 and 5 to 10, respectively. Only two AI models provided references that were untraceable in PubMed and Google searches.

Conclusion
Our findings reveal that, currently, open generative AI models cannot match the quality of field-collected data on acute pain in rock climbers. Moreover, the models generated nonexistent references, raising concerns about their reliability.
Distributed fiber optic sensors for structural health monitoring of composite pressure vessels
Authors: Karapanagiotis Christos , Schukar Marcus , Krebber Katerina 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we present a comprehensive overview of our research in the field of distributed fiber optic sensors for structural health monitoring of hydrogen composite pressure vessels. Specifically, we demonstrate how the integration of fiber optic sensors into composite pressure vessels enhances safety while simultaneously reducing maintenance costs. The small size of optical fibers enables their integration into composite structures during the manufacturing process, allowing continuous monitoring and precise detection and localization of structural damages during service life. We also discuss the potential of state-of-the-art signal processing methods and machine learning for advancing predictive maintenance. Our applications of fiber optic sensors demonstrate their potential to contribute significantly to the energy transition towards renewable sources.
Noble hosts: effects of internal parasites on the physiology of an intertidal brooding Sea-star
Authors: Fraysse Cintia Pamela , Boy Claudia Clementina , Veyñ Marianela , Farias Ayelen , Pérez Analía Fernanda 
Published: March 2024

Introduction: The endoparasite Dendrogaster argentinensis infects the intertidal brooder sea star Anasterias antarctica. This sea-star species is in the highest trophic level in the Beagle Channel.
Objective: To study the effects of parasitism by D. argentinensis on the fitness and reproduction of A. antarctica.
Methods: Adults from the brooder sea-star were collected from the rocky intertidal of Ensenada Zaratiegui bay (54°51’ S & 68°29’ W), Argentina. Eight seasonal samplings were performed (four seasons in two years) in the upper and low intertidal. During dissection, parasites were removed, and all organs were extracted and weighed separately.
Results: Dendrogaster argentinensis prevalence was the highest for the region (20.4 %). Parasitized individuals were more frequent in the low intertidal in all seasons, with a higher difference in summer, where it is likely that the higher temperatures and strong winds could make the upper intertidal more challenging for a parasitized individual. Five parasitized individuals were castrated. Generally, the gonadal (GI) and somatic (pyloric caeca, PCI; stomach, SI; body wall, WI) indexes were lower in parasitized than non-parasitized individuals.
Conclusions: Parasitism by D. argentinensis negatively affects A. antarctica condition. It affects reproduction because it reduces the GI, and can also produce castration. The parasite competes for the sea-stars’ energetic resources, also decreasing the individual’s capacity for feeding (reduced stomach) and growth (reduced body wall).
Crinoidea y Asteroidea (Echinodermata) del talud de la península de Yucatán, de la Colección Nacional de Equinodermos de México
Authors: Durán-González Alicia , Laguarda-Figueras Alfredo , Solís-Marín Francisco A. , Gracia Adolfo 
Published: March 2024

Introducción: Las especies de las clases Crinoidea y Asteroidea se distribuyen en gran variedad de hábitats en todos los océanos desde la zona intermareal hasta grandes profundidades, existen pocos registros en aguas mexicanas, a profundidades superiores a los 200 m, los escasos registros existentes datan de documentos históricos de la literatura especializada y los ejemplares se resguardan en colecciones científicas extranjeras.
Objetivo: Contribuir a la recopilación de información de los ejemplares resguardados en la Colección Nacional de Equinodermos (CNE) del Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología (ICML), UNAM y proveer un inventario de las especies de crinoideos y asteroideos que habitan en zonas profundas del talud de la Península de Yucatán, México.
Métodos: Del año 2005 al 2014 se recolectaron ejemplares de crinoideos y asteriodeos en cuatro cruceros en el B/O “Justo Sierra” BIOREPES 1 y 2 y COBERPES 2 y 6. Se realizaron arrastres con red camaronera en 80 estaciones de muestreo.
Resultados: El listado taxonómico comprende 1146 ejemplares, de los cuales 204 son crinoideos del orden Comatulida, distribuidos en tres familias tres géneros y tres especies y 942 asteroideos distribuidos en seis órdenes, 11 familias, 21 géneros y 28 especies. Se obtuvieron los registros nuevos para la CNE: Democrinus rawsonii y Atelecrinus balanoides en crinoideos. Astropecten alligator, Hymenaster modestus, Calyptraster personatus, Pteraster militarioides militarioides, Sclerasterias contorta en asteroideos. Con esta información se incrementan los registros de crinoideos y asteroideos (de profundidad mayor a 200 m) para los estados de Yucatán (16) y Quintana Roo (16).