bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Context-Aware Temporal Embedding of Objects in Video Data
Authors: Farhan Ahnaf , Hossain M. Shahriar 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

In video analysis, understanding the temporal context is crucial for recognizing object interactions, event patterns, and contextual changes over time. The proposed model leverages adjacency and semantic similarities between objects from neighboring video frames to construct context-aware temporal object embeddings. Unlike traditional methods that rely solely on visual appearance, our temporal embedding model considers the contextual relationships between objects, creating a meaningful embedding space where temporally connected object's vectors are positioned in proximity. Empirical studies demonstrate that our context-aware temporal embeddings can be used in conjunction with conventional visual embeddings to enhance the effectiveness of downstream applications. Moreover, the embeddings can be used to narrate a video using a Large Language Model (LLM). This paper describes the intricate details of the proposed objective function to generate context-aware temporal object embeddings for video data and showcases the potential applications of the generated embeddings in video analysis and object classification tasks.
Discovering FinTech field evolution, international collaboration, thematic map, and future research directions: A bibliometric and content analyses
Authors: Duan Carson 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Financial technology (FinTech) research has exploded globally over the last few years; therefore, this research aims to respond by conducting a bibliometric analysis. With an adoption of a hybrid approach combining the bibliometric method and content analysis, this study focuses on field evolution, international collaboration, and thematic analyses as well as future research direction forecasting. First, the study found that, between 1999 and 2022, the chronological evolution of FinTech has experienced three phases: initiation (1999–2016), development (2017–2019), and fast-growing (2020-now). Then, knowledge mapping showed three, thirteen and nine research themes for each phase, respectively. Furthermore, the analysis of thematic characteristics of clusters of fast-growing period, forecasted nine topics as future research direction: FinTech, blockchain, financial inclusion, artificial intelligence, innovation, trust, digitalization, regulation, and FinTech Innovation. Finally, the content analysis indicated three potential exploring areas: 1) FinTech research in emerging economies, 2) location- and culture-specific FinTech application and adoption studies, and 3) COVID-19 effects on FinTech from both positive and negative perspectives. Overall, the results theoretically enrich the FinTech literature and have substantial implications for scholars, policymakers and practitioners.
Exploring Factors of Physicians' Preferences for Continuing Medical Education
Authors: Mandic Ruzica Nikolic , Bjegovic-Mikanovic Vesna , Bukumiric Zoran , Terzic-Supic Zorica , Todorovic Jovana , Grujicic Sandra , Nesic Dejan , Laaser Ulrich 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background Achieving sustainability in continuing medical education (CME) involves regular assessment of the evolving needs of healthcare professionals and updates in educational content accordingly. The aim of this study was to examine the topics physicians in Serbia consider the most important for their professional development and to analyze the factors associated with different domains of the competencies identified by the physicians
Method This cross-sectional study was conducted among 2,625 physicians who are members of the medical chamber in Serbia. Besides similar studies, the Delphi process among medical experts served to create the research instruments, while obtained data were analyzed using factor analysis and robust regression analysis.
Results The results pointed to a significant association between the scores in all identified domains (management, clinical practice, communication, public health, essentials and clinical emergency) and female gender. The score in the communication domain was additionally associated with work in privately owned institutions (B=0.563). The scores in the public health domain and the basic medical skills (essentials domain) were additionally associated with age (B=0.077 and B=0.100), work in a primary healthcare institution (B=2.327 and B=2.155) and being a specialist (B=-1.795 and B=-2.901). The score on the clinical emergency domain, besides the female gender, was associated with work in primary health care (B=0.748), being a specialist (B=-1.592) and being a subspecialist (B=-1.023).
Conclusion Our results can serve as a guide for developing sustainable CMEs directed to different physician populations. Integrating sustainability into CME is an ongoing and collaborative effort which ensures that CME programs equip medical professionals with the necessary knowledge and skills to spearhead the transition towards a more sustainable healthcare system.
Numerical proceeding to calculate impurity states in 2D semiconductor heterostructures
Authors: Akimov Volodymyr , Tulupenko Viktor , Demediuk Roman , Tiutiunnyk Anton , Duque Carlos A. , Morales Alvaro L. , Laroze David , Mora-Ramos Miguel Eduardo 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The article provides and discusses details of numerical proceeding for the expansion method to calculate energy positions and wave functions of the localized and resonant electronic states emerging in quantum well-type semiconductor nanostructures because of perturbation of confined states by the Coulomb potential of the hydrogenic impurity center. Effective mass approximation is used. Several excited both resonant and non-resonant states are calculated and classified for the case of a simple rectangular GaAs/AlGaAs quantum well. Results are compared to the ones in literature.
Worldwide Trending of Research in Architecture Education: A Bibliometric Analysis in Two Decades
Authors: Zain Mhd Hafiz Karami Mhd , Abdullah Fadzidah , Sanusi Aliyah Nur Zafirah Sanusi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Research on the architecture education is growing. Architecture education is crucial for the progress of architectural practice and built environment. However, there is limited publications regarding research trending of architecture education. Therefore, this study aims to conduct a bibliometric analysis of scholarly publications on architecture education from the Scopus database over the past two decades. The present study conducted frequency analysis using Microsoft Excel, ran data visualisation using VOSviewer, and used Harzing Publish or Perish for citation metrics and analysis. The study reveals that, from 2003 until early 2024, the number of publications pertaining to architecture education throughout the past two decades has increased steadily. The United States was ranked first in terms of research activity concerning architectural education, followed by Turkey. Politechnika Krakowska from Poland was the most active university in terms of architectural education research publications of significance. Numerous architecture education studies, in which several authors collaborated and were written in diverse languages, were published by a collective of 32 authors from 77 nations and 31 institutions. Nevertheless, this research only analysed the current trend of research on architecture education by examining the current trend of publications, the citation patterns, the prominent themes, and the state of collaboration in authorship. Future studies could focus on abstract analysis, narrowing the topics based on trending themes discovered in this study.
Production of Transparent Wood Using Glycerine Extracted from Transverse and Longitudinal Sections of Poplar Wood
Authors: ŞAHİN Şakire , BİNGÖL Şinasi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Innovative and ecologically sustainable transparent wood has garnered notable attention in recent times. Normally, transparency in wood is achieved through petroleum-based polymers, but ongoing studies aim to substitute them with bio-based options to avoid potential harm. In this study, poplar wood was prepared in two distinct sizes for transparency. The wood was longitudinally cut into 10×10×1 mm dimensions and transversely cut into 20×20×1 mm dimensions. Transparency was achieved via glycerol infiltration in the cut wood specimens, which were subsequently coated with transparent epoxy resin for protection against external factors. The potential applications of transparent wood are diverse. It can be employed in narrow and dark interior spaces, as well as in wall and floor design. Additionally, using transparent wood in attics can create an illusion of spaciousness, thanks to its optical permeability feature. Furthermore, the low thermal conductivity and environmental friendliness of wood make it advantageous for the construction industry. This study not only highlights the feasibility of transparent wood but also underlines its potential to revolutionise interior design and construction practices. Further research and development in this area are essential to unlocking the full potential of this innovative and sustainable material.
Correlation between gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and the risk of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), A cross-sectional study in Syrian Patients
Authors: Al-Sawaf Tareq , Nakhleh Merry , Al-Bardan Hussam 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are prevalent chronic conditions associated with significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. While GERD affects 10-20% of adults in Western countries, COPD affects approximately 10% of adults over 40 years old. The coexistence of GERD and COPD is increasingly recognized, with evidence suggesting a bidirectional relationship between the two conditions.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of residents from various provinces in Syria (Damascus, Al-Suwayda, Raqqa, Deir ez-Zor, Daraa), with informed consent obtained from all participants. The inclusion criteria encompassed all participants who responded to the questionnaire within the period from February 1st to March 25th, 2024.
Results: The survey involved 100 COPD patients from various Syrian regions, mostly Damascus (82%), with 76% male and 24% female, averaging 64.5 years. 75% lacked education, 63% were employed in diverse fields. Smoking rate was 89%, with 98% married and 3 children on average. 50% had high blood pressure, 28% previously diagnosed with COPD. 86% struggled to quit smoking. 60% had three meals daily.
Conclusions: The study assessed 100 participants with COPD from various Syrian regions, predominantly Damascus (82%). It found 48% had normal BMI, while 68% were male smokers, despite awareness campaigns. Elderly participants (aged 70-61) were prevalent, potentially experiencing comorbidities such as hypertension and cardiac disorders. 40% reported acid reflux, correlated with dietary neglect. There was no significant gender correlation with GERD, but age showed a weak association. Smoking exacerbated COPD symptoms, with increased consumption leading to worsened prognosis. Male gender potentially protected against severe exacerbations. Participants within the normal weight range (48%) faced increased hospitalization risks due to severe exacerbations. Studies emphasized weight gain and obesity's protective role against exacerbations and morbidity rates among COPD patients.
DYNA-B: An Enhanced And Dynamic Batch Size Tuning For LSTM Neural Network
Authors: Soni Jayesh , Prabakar Nagarajan , Upadhyay Himanshu 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Deep neural networks can be trained in various domains using increasingly large batch sizes without compromising the efficiency. However, this massive data parallelism may differ from domain to domain. It is computationally challenging to train large deep neural networks on large datasets. In response, there has been a surge of interest in utilizing large batch size values during the optimization process, as it enables faster training of these networks, thereby facilitating distributed processing. However, this approach also presents a well-known problem called the "generalization gap," which can result in a degraded performance across multiple datasets. Currently, there is limited understanding of how to determine the optimal batch size. To address this issue, we propose an adaptive tuning algorithm that dynamically adjusts the batch size. Our algorithm consists of four stages: gradient warm-up, loss derivation, calculation of weighted loss using historical batch size data, and batch size updating. We demonstrate the superior performance of our algorithm compared with the traditional constant-batch size approach by comparing it with multiple system-call datasets of varying sizes.
A Qualitative Inquiry into the Implementation Challenges of Circular Economy Practices in Supply Chains
Authors: Gupta Reena 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This qualitative inquiry investigates the multifaceted challenges of implementing circular economy practices within supply chains. Through in-depth interviews and thematic analysis, the study unveils the interconnected dynamics of technological constraints, regulatory ambiguity, organizational barriers, supply chain complexity, and stakeholder collaboration shaping the landscape of circularity. Findings highlight the need for a holistic approach encompassing multi-stakeholder collaboration, regulatory alignment, organizational transformation, supply chain integration, and technological innovation. By fostering collaboration among governments, businesses, academia, civil society, and other stakeholders, it is possible to drive collective action, share knowledge and resources, and foster innovation and learning. Regulatory alignment and policy support are crucial for providing clarity, incentives, and market signals that catalyze investment and innovation. Moreover, integrating circular economy objectives into business strategy and performance metrics ensures that circularity becomes integral to decision-making processes, guiding resource allocation and investment priorities. Technological innovation and collaboration offer additional avenues for overcoming barriers and unlocking the transformative potential of circularity within supply chains. Ultimately, addressing the implementation challenges of circular economy practices requires a concerted and collaborative effort across stakeholders, sectors, and disciplines, leading to more sustainable, resilient, and regenerative supply chains.
Essential Elements of Shared Decision-making with Youth and their Families with Multiple and Enduring Problems
Authors: Barnhoorn-Bos Anne Marie , Mulder Eva , Nooteboom Laura , Meurs Alet , Vermeiren Robert 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Shared decision-making (SDM) is crucial to achieve family-tailored care. However, when providing integrated youth care, SDM can be complicated by the context of families with complex problems, and the multiple professionals involved. Commonly used SDM models may not adequately address these specific challenges. Therefore, this qualitative study explores families' and professionals' perspectives on essential elements of SDM with families with multiple and enduring problems. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 18 parents, 3 youth and 22 professionals from Specialist Integrated care Teams. A framework method - comprising essential elements of SDM - was applied to systematically code the transcripts both deductively and inductively. Our study shows that the nine essential elements of SDM require a specific interpretation in the context of integrated youth care. Consideration must be given to the diversity of participants in decision-making, the complexity of the problems and SDM as a continuous process of multiple decisions. In addition, families and professionals mentioned three complementary elements: (1) build collaborative relationships, (2) prioritize problems, goals and actions, and (3) interprofessional consultation. Thus, in integrated youth care professionals must consider SDM as a cyclical process of larger and smaller decisions and take time to build collaborative relationships with families and the care network. Throughout the care process families and professionals balance their mutual roles in decision-making in line with the changing needs and preferences of families.
N-Methyl-D-Aspartate (NMDA) Receptor Antagonists and their
Pharmacological Implication: A Medicinal Chemistry-oriented
Perspective Outline
Authors: Rana Vikas , Ghosh Shayantan , Bhatt Akanksha , Bisht Damini , Joshi Gaurav , Purohit Priyank 
Published: April 2024

Abstract:
N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, i.e., inotropic glutamate receptors,
are important in synaptic plasticity, brain growth, memory, and learning. The activation
of NMDA is done by neurotransmitter glutamate and co-agonist (glycine or D-serine)
binding. However, the over-activation of NMDA elevates the intracellular calcium influx, which causes various neurological diseases and disorders. Therefore, to prevent
excitotoxicity and neuronal death, inhibition of NMDA must be done using its antagonist. This review delineates the structure of subunits of NMDA and the conformational
changes induced after the binding of agonists (glycine and D-serine) and antagonists
(ifenprodil, etc.). Additionally, reported NMDA antagonists from different sources, such
as synthetic, semisynthetic, and natural resources, are explained by their mechanism of
action and pharmacological role. The comprehensive report also addresses the chemical
spacing of NMDA inhibitors and in-vivo and in-vitro models to test NMDA antagonists.
Since the Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) is the primary membrane that prevents the penetration of a wide variety of drug molecules, we also elaborate on the medicinal chemistry
approach to improve the effectiveness of their antagonists.
Recent Advances in the Treatment Strategies of Friedreich’s Ataxia: A Review
of Potential Drug Candidates and their Underlying Mechanisms
Authors: Saini Aman Kumar , Anil Neha , Vijay Ardra N. , Mangla Bharti , Javed Shamama , Kumar Pankaj , Ahsan Waquar 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA) is a rare hereditary neurodegenerative disorder characterized
by progressive ataxia, cardiomyopathy, and diabetes. The disease is caused by a deficiency of frataxin, a
mitochondrial protein involved in iron-sulfur cluster synthesis and iron metabolism.

Objective:
This review aims to summarize recent advances in the development of treatment strategies for FRDA,
with a focus on potential drug candidates and their mechanisms of action.

Methods:
A comprehensive literature search was conducted using various authentic scientific databases to
identify studies published in the last decade that investigated potential treatment strategies for FRDA. The
search terms used included “Friedreich's ataxia”, “treatment”, “drug candidates”, and “mechanisms of action.”

Results:
To date, only one drug got approval from US-FDA in the year 2023; however, significant developments
were achieved in FRDA-related research focusing on diverse therapeutic interventions that could potentially
alleviate the symptoms of this disease. Several promising drug candidates have been identified for the
treatment of FRDA, which target various aspects of frataxin deficiency and aim to restore frataxin levels, reduce
oxidative stress, and improve mitochondrial function. Clinical trials have shown varying degrees of success,
with some drugs demonstrating significant improvements in neurological function and quality of life in
FRDA patients.

Conclusion:
While there has been significant progress in the development of treatment strategies for FRDA,
further research is needed to optimize these approaches and identify the most effective and safe treatment options
for patients. The integration of multiple therapeutic strategies may be necessary to achieve the best outcomes
in FRDA management.
The Therapeutic Application of Hydrogen in Cancer: The Potential and
Challenges
Authors: Khiji Morteza Nazari , Arghidash Faezeh , Tanha Ghazaleh Khalili , Zadeh Rasoul Hossein , Ghorbani Elnaz , Khazaei Majid , Hassanian Seyed Mahdi , Gataa Ibrahim Saeed , Lam Alfred King-Yin , Giovannetti Elisa , Ferns Gordon A. , Nazari Elham , Avan Amir 
Published: April 2024

Abstract:
Hydrogen therapy has emerged as a possible approach for both preventing and treating cancer. Cancers
are often associated with oxidative stress and chronic inflammation. Hydrogen, with its unique physiological
functions and characteristics, exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties, making
it an attractive candidate for cancer treatment. Through its ability to mitigate oxidative damage, modulate
inflammatory responses, and sustain cellular viability, hydrogen demonstrates significant potential in preventing
cancer recurrence and improving treatment outcomes. Preclinical studies have shown the efficacy of hydrogen
therapy in several cancer types, highlighting its ability to enhance the effectiveness of conventional treatments
while reducing associated side effects. Furthermore, hydrogen therapy has been found to be safe and
well-tolerated in clinical settings. Nonetheless, additional investigations are necessary to improve a comprehensive
understanding of the mechanisms underlying hydrogen's therapeutic potential and refine the administration
and dosage protocols. However, further clinical trials are still needed to explore its safety profile and capacity.
In aggregate, hydrogen therapy represents an innovative and promising treatment for several malignancies.
Aloe-emodin: Progress in Pharmacological Activity, Safety, and
Pharmaceutical Formulation Applications
Authors: Luo Haimeng , Ji Xiaoyun , Zhang Mengyu , Ren Yaoyao , Tan Rui , Jiang Hezhong , Wu Xiaoqing 
Published: April 2024

Abstract:
Aloe-emodin (AE) is an anthraquinone derivative and a biologically active component
sourced from various plants, including Rheum palmatum L. and Aloe vera. Known chemically as
1,8-dihydroxy-3-hydroxymethyl-anthraquinone, AE has a rich history in traditional medicine and is
esteemed for its accessibility, safety, affordability, and effectiveness. AE boasts multiple biochemical
and pharmacological properties, such as strong antibacterial, antioxidant, and antitumor effects.
Despite its array of benefits, AE's identity as an anthraquinone derivative raises concerns about its
potential for liver and kidney toxicity. Nevertheless, AE is considered a promising drug candidate
due to its significant bioactivities and cost efficiency. Recent research has highlighted that nanoformulated
AE may enhance drug delivery, biocompatibility, and pharmacological benefits, offering
a novel approach to drug design. This review delves into AE's pharmacological impacts, mechanisms,
pharmacokinetics, and safety profile, incorporating insights from studies on its nanoformulations.
The goal is to outline the burgeoning research in this area and to support the ongoing development
and utilization of AE-based therapies.