bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extracorporeal Versus Conventional Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation for In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Propensity Score Matching Cohort Study
Authors: Bian Yuan , Pan Yuhui , Zheng Jiaqi , Zheng Wen , Qin Lijie , Zhou Guangju , Sun Xifeng , Wang Mingjie , Wang Chunyi , Chen Yuguo , Xu Feng 
Published: March 2024

Objective:
Comparing the effects of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) and conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CCPR) on outcomes in patients with in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) in China. The benefits of ECPR over CCPR in patients with IHCA remain controversial.

Design:
This article analyzed data from the BASeline Investigation of In-hospital Cardiac Arrest (BASIC-IHCA) study, which consecutively enrolled patients with IHCA from July 1, 2019, to December 31, 2020. Patients who received ECPR were selected as the case group and matched with patients who received CCPR as the control group by propensity score at a ratio of 1:4. A parallel questionnaire survey of participating hospitals was conducted, to collect data on ECPR cases from January 1, 2021 to November 30, 2021. The primary outcome was survival to discharge or 30-day survival.

Setting:
We included 39 hospitals across 31 provinces in China.

Patients:
Patients receiving cardiopulmonary resuscitation and without contraindications to ECPR were selected from the BASIC-IHCA database. Patients older than 75 years, not witnessed, or with cardiopulmonary resuscitation duration less than 10 min were excluded.

Interventions:
None.

Measurements and Main Results:
A total of 4853 patients met the inclusion criteria before matching, with 34 undergoing ECPR (median age, 56.5 yr; 67.65% male) and 4819 underwent CCPR (median age, 59 yr; 64.52% male). There were 132 patients receiving CCPR and 33 patients receiving ECPR who were eventually matched. The ECPR group had significantly higher survival rates at discharge or 30-day survival (21.21% vs. 7.58%, p = 0.048). The ECPR group had significantly lower mortality rates (hazard ratio 0.57; 95% CI, 0.38–0.91) than the CCPR group at discharge or 30 days. Besides the BASIC-IHCA study, the volume of ECPR implementations and the survival rate of patients with ECPR (29.4% vs. 10.4%. p = 0.004) in participating hospitals significantly improved.

Conclusions:
ECPR may be beneficial compared with CCPR for patient survival after IHCA and should be considered for eligible patients with IHCA.
Combined Use of Endoscopic Techniques and Virtual Surgical Planning for Intraoral Approach for Hemi-mandibular Resection and Reconstruction
Authors: Wang Yujiao , Ma Dan , Li Yun , Zhang Chunyi , Yang Yaowu , Wu Wei 
Published: March 2024

Background:
The study aimed to describe our experience in using endoscopic procedures to aid hemi-mandibular reconstruction with bone flaps through transoral approach.

Methods:
Five patients with huge benign mandibular tumors underwent transoral mandibulectomy and hemi-mandibular reconstruction, using endoscopy. Facial symmetry, occlusion, bone healing, and mandibular similarity were all evaluated postoperatively. The paired-samples t test was used to compare quantitative data, and a P value less than 0.05 was considered a significant difference.

Results:
All five patients who received transoral mandibular surgery recovered in terms of TMJ functionality, facial symmetry, and aesthetic results. Endoscopy monitored and ensured that bone flaps were correctly connected and fixed. The accuracy of endoscopy-guided mandibular reconstruction was confirmed by quantitative examination for four cases, which revealed no statistically significant variations between postoperative CT analysis and preoperative virtual surgical planning data.

Conclusions:
Endoscopy-assisted virtual surgery may resolve concerns with transoral hemi-mandibular reconstruction and broaden indications for mini-invasive mandibular reconstruction. However, only patients with benign mandibular tumors were included in our study, so surgeons should be very cautious if applying this technique to malignant lesions or bony tumors invading soft tissues.
Optimized Aesthetic Outcomes When Treating Glabellar Lines with Botulinum Toxin Type A: GLO 3 + 2: A Precise Technique Based on Anatomy
Authors: Solish Nowell , Kane Michael A.C. , Brown Jessica , Gallagher Conor J. 
Published: March 2024

Summary:
Good patient outcomes after treatment of the glabellar complex with botulinum toxin type A entail elimination of glabellar lines and maintenance of a natural eyebrow position. A precise injection technique that accurately targets the muscles that influence eyebrow position is required to reduce the risk of adverse aesthetic outcomes or unmasking an underlying eyelid ptosis. Here, we describe the glabellar lines optimization (GLO 3 + 2) injection anatomy technique, a precise five-point injection pattern that is based on current understanding of facial functional anatomy and which aims to minimize the risk of affecting nontargeted muscles. Injection sites above the brow or that do not target the precise location of the muscles in the glabellar complex are likely to inadvertently expose the frontalis to botulinum toxin type A and result in undesirable aesthetic outcomes. Because the frontalis is a strong determinant of aesthetic outcomes, it is important to consider the overall effects of the interactions between the eyebrow depressors and the opposing forces of the frontalis on brow outcomes in both the resting brow position and during dynamic brow movement.
THE SPECTRUM OF RELENTLESS PLACOID AND ACUTE POSTERIOR MULTIFOCAL PLACOID PIGMENT EPITHELIOPATHY: A MULTIMODAL IMAGING ANALYSIS
Authors: Chan Xavier , Amoroso Johnell Renz , Hoang Quan V. , Jung Jesse J. 
Published: March 2024

Purpose:
The objective of this study was to showcase the spectrum between acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy and relentless placoid utilizing ultra-widefield imaging findings of a case of acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy progressing to relentless placoid chorioretinitis.

Methods:
A 23-year-old White woman presented with worsening vision in both eyes. Clinical examination and multimodal imaging modalities including fundus photographs, fundus autofluorescence, fluorescein angiography, indocyanine green angiography, and spectral domain optical coherence tomography and angiography were utilized to diagnose acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy and clinically follow the patient.

Results:
Clinical examination of the patient initially revealed posterior lesions consistent with acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy, but subsequent multimodal images including ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography and indocyanine green angiography revealed newer, more peripheral lesions more typical of relentless placoid chorioretinitis.

Conclusion:
When compared with standard multimodal imaging, ultra-widefield imaging is an effective tool to delineate nuances between acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy and relentless placoid chorioretinitis through identification of peripheral lesions, which may be of clinical importance when determining management and therapeutics for patients.
SHWACHMAN–DIAMOND SYNDROME ASSOCIATED WITH ROD-CONE DYSTROPHY
Authors: Zhang Jingwen , de Guimaraes Thales A. C. , Thompson Dorothy , Michaelides Michel 
Published: March 2024

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to report a patient with Shwachman–Diamond syndrome and concomitant rod-cone dystrophy who underwent bone marrow transplantation.

Methods:
This was a retrospective single case report.

Results:
A female patient with Shwachman–Diamond syndrome was referred to a tertiary hospital to investigate possible pigmentary retinopathy at the age of 16 years. She described poor night vision and was found to have reduced VA (6/20 right eye, 6/38 left eye). Over the 10-year follow-up, her VA remained relatively stable with no new visual symptoms. Optical coherence tomography revealed progressive, diffuse outer retinal thinning with disruption of the ellipsoid zone, which initially was relatively preserved subfoveally. Fundus autofluorescence images revealed generalized areas of hypoautofluorescence beyond the vascular arcades and a perimacular ring of increased autofluorescence. The flash electroretinogram was in keeping with a severe rod-cone dystrophy. The pattern visual evoked potential was abnormal but detectable, indicating macular pathway dysfunction, suggesting encroachment into central macular regions but with some functional preservation.

Conclusion:
The authors report a patient with Shwachman–Diamond syndrome with severe early-onset rod-cone dystrophy noted at the age of 16 years. Slow anatomical progression has been observed over the subsequent 10 years, with relative functional macular preservation to support a VA of 6/36 in both eyes.
Unilateral Multifocal Inner Ear and Internal Auditory Canal or Cerebellopontine Angle Cochleovestibular Schwannomas—Genetic Analysis and Management by Surgical Resection and Cochlear Implantation
Authors: Plontke Stefan K. , Hoffmann Katrin , Caye-Thomasen Per , Baasanjav Sevjidmaa , Kösling Sabrina , Leisz Sandra , Liebau Arne , Mawrin Christian , Rahne Torsten , Scheffler Jonas , Strauss Christian , Siebolts Udo 
Published: March 2024

Objective
To describe the genetic characteristics and the management of two very rare cases of unilateral multifocal inner ear and internal auditory canal or cerebellopontine angle cochleovestibular schwannomas not being associated to full neurofibromatosis type 2-related schwannomatosis.

Patients
In a 29-year-old man and a 55-year-old woman with single-sided deafness multifocal unilateral cochleovestibular schwannomas were surgically resected, and hearing was rehabilitated with a cochlear implant (CI). Unaffected tissue was analyzed using next generation sequencing of the NF2 gene. Tumor tissue was analyzed using a 340-parallel sequencing gene panel.

Main outcome measures
Mutations in the NF2 gene, word recognition score for monosyllables at 65 dB SPL (WRS65) with CI.

Results
No disease-causing mutation was detected in the examined sequences in blood leucokytes. All tumor samples revealed, among others, somatic pathogenic NF2 mutations. While the anatomically separate tumors in case 1 were likely molecular identical, the tumors in case 2 showed different genetic patterns. WRS65 was 55% at 6 years of follow-up and 60% at 4.5 years of follow-up, respectively.

Conclusions
The occurrence of multifocal unilateral cochleovestibular schwannomas without pathogenic variants in NF2 in non-affected blood leucocytes can be associated with mosaic NF2-related schwannomatosis (case 1), or with likely sporadic mutations (case 2) and may be overlooked due to their extreme rarity. Although challenging, successful hearing rehabilitation could be achieved through surgical resection of the tumors and cochlear implantation.
Admission proteinuria predicts the incidence of acute kidney injury among patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Wang Dingzhou , Shang Wenxuan , Jin Youkai , Gong Mengge , Huang Weijian , Shan Peiren , Liang Dongjie 
Published: March 2024

Background
Proteinuria indicates renal dysfunction and is associated with the development of acute kidney injury (AKI) in several conditions, but the association between proteinuria and AKI in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) remains unclear. This research aims to investigate the predictive value of proteinuria for the development of AKI in STEMI patients.

Methods
A total of 2735 STEMI patients were enrolled. The present study’s endpoint was AKI incidence during hospitalization. AKI is defined according to the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes criteria. We defined proteinuria, measured with a dipstick, as mild (1+) or heavy (2+ to 4+). Multivariate logistic regression and subgroup analyses were used to testify to the association between proteinuria and AKI.

Results
Overall, proteinuria was observed in 634 (23.2%) patients. Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that proteinuria [odds ratio (OR), 1.58; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.25–2.00; P < 0.001] was the independent predictive factor for AKI. Severe proteinuria was associated with a higher adjusted risk for AKI compared with the nonproteinuria group (mild proteinuria: OR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.04–1.75; P = 0.025; severe proteinuria: OR, 2.50; 95% CI, 1.70–3.68; P < 0.001). The association was highly consistent across all studied subgroups. (all P for interaction >0.05).

Conclusion
Admission proteinuria measured using a urine dipstick is an independent risk factor for the development of AKI in STEMI patients.
Macrophage activation syndrome in a Sudanese child: a case report from Sudan
Authors: Yahia Elhassan Maha Abdalla , Hussain Idres Roua Mohammedali , Mohamed Elhassan Baraa Mohamed Salaheldin , Banaga Siddiq Naema Siddiq , Osman Mohammed Rayan Abdelwahab , Mahmmoud Fadelallah Eljack Mohammed , Mustafa Ghassan E. , Hemmeda Lina , Abbasher Hussien Mohamed Ahmed Khabab 
Published: March 2024

Introduction and importance:
Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) is a severe form of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis that is frequently associated with either a flare-up of rheumatologic diseases, or infection and is characterized by intermittent fever, organomegaly, and multisystem dysfunction. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for outcome improvement.

Case presentation:
The authors present a 9-year-old male with systemic onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis who presented with fever, vomiting, and nose bleeding, as well as being jaundiced, and having hepatomegaly and ascites. Pancytopenia, hepatic dysfunction, and elevated ferritin levels were discovered, along with negative virological and immunological tests. He was given broad-spectrum antibiotics, and a high-dose steroid showed a good response, and he was discharged about a week later.

Clinical discussion:
It is hypothesized that decreased natural killer cells’ function could lead to the inability to clear the infection, and subsequent lymphocytes-induced macrophages activation. Despite being beneficial in this case, steroids led to no improvement in other similar cases.

Conclusion:
MAS is a real life-threatening complication for patients with systemic Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA), and early diagnosis and prompt initial treatment can both offer a favourable result against such syndrome.
Clinicopathological profile of head and neck cancers in Army Hospital of Nepal: a retrospective study
Authors: Karki Reeba , Marasini Anupama , Mahaseth Rajeev Kumar , Bista Ranishma , Dongol Suman Raj , Adhikari Yuvraj 
Published: March 2024

Introduction:
Head and neck cancer is common in several parts of the world. It is sixth most prevalent neoplasms in the world. Approximately 900 000 cases diagnosed worldwide per year. It has good prognosis when timely diagnosed and treated appropriately.

Methods:
This was a retrospective study carried out in the Department of ENT-HNS of Shree Birendra Hospital, Chhauni, Kathmandu from May 2022 to April 2023. All histopathologically proven malignant cases of head and neck region were included in the study. Data were entered in Microsoft excel and managed in SPSS version 22. Analysis was done in the form of percentage and proportion and represented as table where necessary. The study has been registerd in clinical trials and has been reported in line with the STROCSS criteria.

Results:
Total 76 patients were analyzed. Age ranged from 17 to 84 years and the most common age group presenting with head and neck cancer was 61–80 years. The most common malignancy was laryngeal cancer (34%) followed by thyroid malignancies (29%). Squamous cell carcinoma was the commonest histological type (48%). Surgery with postoperative radiotherapy (RT)/radioactive iodine (RAI) was found to be the commonest treatment modality.

Conclusions:
Head and neck cancers are not uncommon and majority of patients present late with advanced stage cancer. Hence, public awareness, early diagnosis with cost-effective treatment and regular follow-up are needed to improve outcomes of these patients in our society.
Structural and functional abnormalities in the medial prefrontal cortex were associated with pain and depressive symptoms in patients with adhesive capsulitis
Authors: Li Jie , Zhao Rui , Wang Chenguang , Song Jiajun , Guo Xing , Ge Yeqi , Chu Xu 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Chronic pain and depression have been shown to coexist in patients with adhesive capsulitis (AC). Recent studies identified the shared brain plasticity between pain and depression; however, how such neuroplasticity contributes to AC remains unclear. Here, we employed a combination of psychophysics, structural MRI, and functional MRI techniques to examine the brain's structural and functional changes in AC.

Methods:
Fifty-two patients with AC and 52 healthy controls (HCs) were included in our study. Voxelwise comparisons were performed to reveal the differences in grey matter volume (GMV) and regional homogeneity (ReHo) between AC and HCs. Furthermore, region of interest to whole brain functional connectivity (FC) was calculated and compared between the groups. Finally, Pearson correlation coefficients were computed to reveal the association between clinical data and brain alterations. Mediation analyses were performed to investigate the path association among brain alterations and clinical measures.

Results:
Three main findings were observed: (1) patients with AC exhibited a higher depression subscale of hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS-D) score correlating with the GMV within the right medial prefrontal cortices (mPFC) compared with HCs; (2) relative to HCs, patients with AC exhibited lower ReHo within the right mPFC, which largely overlapped with the structural abnormalities; (3) the impact of pain duration on HADS-D score was mediated by ventral part of medial prefrontal cortices (vmPFC) GMV in patients with AC.

Conclusion:
In summary, our current findings suggest that vmPFC alterations correlate with both the pain duration and the emotional comorbidities experienced by patients with AC. Our research provides an enhanced comprehension of the underlying mechanisms of AC, thereby facilitating the development of more effective treatment approaches for AC.
Point Shear Wave Elastography Detected Liver Stiffness Increased in Pediatric Patient With Thalassemia Major
Authors: Tuncel Defne Ay , Pekoz Burcak Cakir , Koc Ayse Selcan , Sumbul Hilmi Erdem 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Transient elastography (TE) and point shear wave elastography (pSWE) are 2 elastographic ultrasound examinations used in liver stiffness (LS) measurement. It was shown that the LS value detected by TE in pediatric β-thalassemia major patients has increased, and there was no LS evaluation obtained with pSWE in literature. Thus, in this study, it was aimed to evaluate LS with pSWE examination in children with thalassemia major and to determine LS-related parameters in these patients. Sixty-three schoolchildren with a diagnosis of β-thalassemia major and 21 healthy controls between the ages of 7 and 18 years were included. In addition to routine anamnesis, physical examination, and laboratory examinations, renal and liver ultrasounds were performed. Liver stiffness values were measured by pSWE examination. Serum levels of urea, aspartate-aminotransferase, alanine-aminotransferase, iron, and ferritin were significantly higher in patients, and serum creatinine, iron binding capacity, and hemoglobin levels were found to be significantly lower (P < 0.05 for each). Liver stiffness values were significantly higher in patients compared with healthy controls. In linear regression analysis, serum iron and iron binding capacity values were found to be closely related with LS (P < 0.001 vs. β = 0.482 and P = 0.047 vs. β = 0.237, respectively). Liver stiffness values obtained by pSWE examination increase significantly in patients. According to the results of our study, in addition to the previously known TE method, we think that the LS evaluation obtained by pSWE, a new method that can make more accurate measurements, can be used in the possible early detection of target organ damage in children with thalassemia major.
Single-cell multiomics reveals a gene regulatory circuit promoting leukemia cell differentiation
Authors: Tian Xin , Zhang Liuqingqing , Tang Yijia , Xiang Guiqiyang , Wang Zixuan , Zhu Ping , Yu Shuting , Jiang Fangying , Wang Shuai , Wang Jinzeng , Dai Yao , Zheng Desheng , Wang Jianbiao , Liu Han , Weng Xiangqin , Wang Shengyue , Tan Yun , Chen Zhu , Chen Saijuan , Liu Feng 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCancer differentiation therapy aims to induce maturation of neoplastic cells, yet how cell fate is determined in oncogenic cellular contexts is poorly understood. Here we integrate chromatin accessibility and transcriptome analysis at single-cell levels to investigate the mechanism driving the differentiation trajectory of the PML/RARα+acute promyeloid leukemia (APL) cell line model, NB4, under the induction of all-trans-retinoid acid (ATRA). We show that differentiating NB4 cells navigate through an intermediate cell fate decision point that leads to either terminal granulopoiesis or a transient immature-lymphocyte-like state. Functional perturbation studies indicate that ATRA signaling activates discrete PML/RARα-target enhancers to induce a positive feedforward gene regulatory circuit involving two myeloid-lineage transcription factors, SPI1 and CEBPE, which is both necessary and sufficient to activate a myelocytic gene expression program in NB4. Further, ectopic expression of SPI1 and CEBPE also promotes myelocytic differentiation in non-APL leukemia cell lines HL60 and K562. Together, these results shed light on the differentiation trajectory of therapy-induced cell decisions of APL and suggest a gene regulatory circuit that may be broadly exploited to promote terminal differentiation of leukemia.