bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the $$\mathrm {X_{AV}}$$ state through its electromagnetic properties
Authors: Özdem Ulaş 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTo improve our understanding of the quark–gluon dynamics underlying multiquark states, we systematically study their electromagnetic properties. In this study, the magnetic and quadrupole moments of the theoretically predicted singly-charmed state with the quantum numbers $$\textrm{J}^\textrm{P} = 1^{+}$$

J
P

=

1
+

is investigated within the framework of the QCD light-cone sum rules method by considering the diquark–antidiquark configuration of this state with quark contents $$[ud][\bar{c}\bar{s}]$$

[
u
d
]
[

c

¯

s

¯

]

. The predicted results for the magnetic and quadrupole moments are as $$\mu _{\mathrm {X_{AV}}}=-0.89 ^{+0.14}_{-0.12}~\mu _N $$

μ

X
AV

=
-
0
.

89

-
0.12

+
0.14

μ
N

and $$\mathcal {D}_{\mathrm {X_{AV}}} = (-0.46 ^{+0.07}_{-0.06})\times 10^{-2} ~\text{ fm}^2$$

D

X
AV

=

(
-
0
.

46

-
0.06

+
0.07

)

×

10

-
2

fm
2

. The results obtained can be useful in determining the exact nature of this state. This work will hopefully stimulate experimental interest in the study of the electromagnetic properties of multiquark systems.
Electronic and optical properties of tetrapod quantum dots under applied electric and magnetic fields
Authors: Hahn R. V. H. , Mora-Rey F. , Restrepo R. L. , Morales A. L. , Montoya-Sánchez J. , Eramo G. , Barseghyan M. G. , Ed-Dahmouny A. , Vinasco J. A. , Duque D. A. , Duque C. A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this work, the ground and low-lying excited states in GaAs tetrapod-shaped nanocrystals and in CdTe/CdS core/shell tetrapod-shaped nanocrystals are computed in the case of a finite confinement potential model using the finite element method and the effective mass approximation. For the single material tetrapod, electron energy levels are studied as a function of size parameters and the intensity of externally applied electric and magnetic fields, while for the core/shell tetrapod the electron and hole states are analyzed relative to size parameters of the core and shell thickness. The results show that the energies are strongly influenced by the tip-arm geometry, arm diameter, shell thickness and the intensity of the electric and magnetic fields.
Update of high voltage isolation control and monitoring system for HVE-400 ion implanter
Authors: Li Chengbo , Sun Xuepeng , Liu Zhiguo , Guo Chungang , Li Xiaoming 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHVE-400 ion implanter is special ion implantation equipment for semiconductor materials boron and phosphorus doping. The ion source and extraction deflection system are at high voltage platform, while the corresponding control system is at ground voltage position. The control signals and measurement signals of various parameters at the high-voltage end need to be transmitted between ground voltage and high voltage through optical fibers to isolate high voltage. Upgrading is carried out due to the aging of the optical fiber transmission control and monitoring system, which cannot work stably. The transformation replaces the original distributed single-point control method with an advanced distributed centralized control method, and integrates all control and monitoring functions into an industrial control computer for digital operation and display. In the computer software, two kinds of automatic calculation of ion mass number are designed. After upgrading, the implanter high-voltage platform control and monitoring system features digitalization, centralized control, high reliability, strong anti-interference, fast communication speed, and easy operation.
Cancer and the Metaorganism
Authors: Zitvogel Laurence , Kroemer Guido 
Published: April 2024

Summary:
Pathogenic shifts in the gut microbiota are part of the “ecological” alterations that accompany tumor progression and compromise immunosurveillance. The future management of health and disease including cancer will rely on the diagnosis of such shifts and their therapeutic correction by general or personalized strategies, hence restoring metaorganismal homeostasis.
The Cancer Spectrum Theory
Authors: Lee Hwa-Young , Song Minkyo , Stopsack Konrad H. , Peng Cheng , Phipps Amanda I. , Wang Molin , Ogino Shuji , Sasamoto Naoko , Ugai Tomotaka 
Published: April 2024

Summary:
Biological characteristics of tumors are heterogeneous, forming spectra in terms of several factors such as age at onset, anatomic spatial localization, tumor subtyping, and the degree of tumor aggressiveness (encompassing a neoplastic property spectrum). Instead of blindly using dichotomized approaches, the application of the multicategorical and continuous analysis approaches to detailed cancer spectrum data can contribute to a better understanding of the etiology of cancer, ultimately leading to effective prevention and precision oncology. We provide examples of cancer spectra and emphasize the importance of integrating the cancer spectrum theory into large-scale population cancer research.
Glioblastoma: Not Just Another Cancer
Authors: Fine Howard A. 
Published: April 2024

Summary:
This commentary urges a paradigm shift in how we approach research and drug development for glioblastoma, reimagining it as an aberrant brain-like organ, distinct from other cancers, to inspire innovative treatment strategies and interdisciplinary collaboration, addressing the minimal progress in extending glioblastoma patient survival despite years of research and investment.
The Virtual Child
Authors: Gilbertson Richard J. , Behjati Sam , Böttcher Anna-Lisa , Bronner Marianne E. , Burridge Matthew , Clausing Henrick , Clifford Harry , Danaher Tracey , Donovan Laura K. , Drost Jarno , Eggermont Alexander M.M. , Emerson Chris , Flores Mona G. , Hamerlik Petra , Jabado Nada , Jones Andrew , Kaessmann Henrick , Kleinman Claudia L. , Kool Marcel , Kutscher Lena M. , Lindberg Gavin , Linnane Emily , Marioni John C. , Maris John M. , Monje Michelle , Macaskill Alexandra , Niederer Steven , Northcott Paul A. , Peeters Elizabeth , Plieger-van Solkema Willemijn , Preußner Liane , Rios Anne C. , Rippe Karsten , Sandford Peter , Sgourakis Nikolaos G. , Shlien Adam , Smith Pete , Straathof Karin , Sullivan Patrick J. , Suvà Mario L. , Taylor Michael D. , Thompson Emma , Vento-Tormo Roser , Wainwright Brandon J. , Wechsler-Reya Robert J. , Westermann Frank , Winslade Shannon , Al-Lazikani Bissan , Pfister Stefan M. 
Published: April 2024

Summary:
We are building the world's first Virtual Child–a computer model of normal and cancerous human development at the level of each individual cell. The Virtual Child will “develop cancer” that we will subject to unlimited virtual clinical trials that pinpoint, predict, and prioritize potential new treatments, bringing forward the day when no child dies of cancer, giving each one the opportunity to lead a full and healthy life.
Small Extracellular Vesicle piR-hsa-30937 Derived from Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms Upregulates CD276 in Macrophages to Promote Immune Evasion
Authors: Zhong Yuan , Tian Ye , Wang Yan , Bai Jian’an , Long Qin , Yan Lijun , Gong Zhihui , Gao Wei , Tang Qiyun 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The role of PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNA) in small extracellular vesicles (sEV) derived from pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (PNEN) in the tumor microenvironment (TME) remains unexplored. We used multiplex IHC to analyze the expression of CD68, CD276 (B7H3), and CD3 on PNEN. CD276+ tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) were more abundant in tumor tissues than nontumor tissues and negatively correlated with T-cell infiltration. Serum sEV piRNA sequencing was performed to identify piRNAs enriched in patients with PNEN. We then investigated the function and mechanism of sEV piR-hsa-30937 in the cross-talk between tumor cells and macrophages in the PNEN TME. PNEN-derived sEV piR-hsa-30937 targeted PTEN to activate the AKT pathway and drive CD276 expression. CD276+ macrophages inhibited T-cell proliferation and IFNγ production. piR-hsa-30937 knockdown and anti-CD276 treatment suppressed progression and metastasis in a preclinical model of PNEN by enhancing T-cell immunity. Thus, our data show that PNEN-derived sEV piR-hsa-30937 promotes CD276 expression in macrophages through the PTEN/AKT pathway and that CD276+ TAMs suppress T-cell antitumor immunity. sEV piR-hsa-30937 and CD276 are potential therapeutic targets for immunotherapy of PNEN.
Glycoursodeoxycholic Acid Alleviates Arterial Thrombosis via Suppressing Diacylglycerol Kinases Activity in Platelet
Authors: Yang Wenchao , Feng Ruijia , Peng Guiyan , Wang Zhecun , Cen Meifeng , Jing Yexiang , Feng Weiqi , Long Ting , Liu Yunchong , Li Zilun , Huang Kan , Chang Guangqi 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
Glycoursodeoxycholic acid (GUDCA) has been acknowledged for its ability to regulate lipid homeostasis and provide benefits for various metabolic disorders. However, the impact of GUDCA on arterial thrombotic events remains unexplored. The objective of this study is to examine the effects of GUDCA on thrombogenesis and elucidate its underlying mechanisms.

METHODS:
Plasma samples from patients with arterial thrombotic events and diet-induced obese mice were collected to determine the GUDCA concentrations using mass spectrometry. Multiple in vivo murine thrombosis models and in vitro platelet functional assays were conducted to comprehensively evaluate the antithrombotic effects of GUDCA. Moreover, lipidomic analysis was performed to identify the alterations of intraplatelet lipid components following GUDCA treatment.

RESULTS:

Plasma GUDCA level was significantly decreased in patients with arterial thrombotic events and negatively correlated with thrombotic propensity in diet-induced obese mice. GUDCA exhibited prominent suppressing effects on platelet reactivity as evidenced by the attenuation of platelet activation, secretion, aggregation, spreading, and retraction (
P
<0.05). In vivo, GUDCA administration robustly alleviated thrombogenesis (
P
<0.05) without affecting hemostasis. Mechanistically, GUDCA inhibited DGK (diacylglycerol kinase) activity, leading to the downregulation of the phosphatidic acid–mediated signaling pathway. Conversely, phosphatidic acid supplementation was sufficient to abolish the antithrombotic effects of GUDCA. More importantly, long-term oral administration of GUDCA normalized the enhanced DGK activity, thereby remarkably alleviating the platelet hyperreactivity as well as the heightened thrombotic tendency in diet-induced obese mice (
P
<0.05).

CONCLUSIONS:
Our study implicated that GUDCA reduces platelet hyperreactivity and improves thrombotic propensity by inhibiting DGKs activity, which is a potentially effective prophylactic approach and promising therapeutic agent for arterial thrombotic events.
Iron Deficiency, Anemia, and Iron Supplementation in Patients With Heart Failure: A Population-Level Study
Authors: Wahid Muizz , Islam Sunjidatul , Sepehrvand Nariman , Dover Douglas C. , McAlister Finlay A. , Kaul Padma , Ezekowitz Justin A. 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
Studies have shown an association between iron deficiency (ID) and clinical outcomes in patients with heart failure (HF), irrespective of the presence of ID anemia (IDA). The current study used population-level data from a large, single-payer health care system in Canada to investigate the epidemiology of ID and IDA in patients with acute HF and those with chronic HF, and the iron supplementation practices in these settings.

METHODS:
All adult patients with HF in Alberta between 2012 and 2019 were identified and categorized as acute or chronic HF. HF subtypes were determined through echocardiography data, and ID (serum ferritin concentration <100 μg/L, or ferritin concentration between 100 and 300 μg/L along with transferrin saturation <20%), and IDA through laboratory data. Broad eligibility for 3 clinical trials (AFFIRM-AHF [Study to Compare Ferric Carboxymaltose With Placebo in Patients With Acute HF and ID], IRONMAN [Intravenous Iron Treatment in Patients With Heart Failure and Iron Deficiency], and HEART-FID [Randomized Placebocontrolled Trial of Ferric Carboxymaltose as Treatment for HF With ID]) was determined.

RESULTS:
Among the 17 463 patients with acute HF, 38.5% had iron studies tested within 30 days post-index-HF episode (and 34.2% of the 11 320 patients with chronic HF). Among tested patients, 72.6% of the acute HF and 73.9% of the chronic HF were iron-deficient, and 51.4% and 49.0% had IDA, respectively. Iron therapy was provided to 41.8% and 40.5% of patients with IDA and acute or chronic HF, respectively. Of ID patients without anemia, 19.9% and 21.7% were prescribed iron therapy. The most common type of iron therapy was oral (28.1% of patients). Approximately half of the cohort was eligible for each of the AFFIRM-AHF, intravenous iron treatment in patients with HF and ID, and HEART-FID trials.

CONCLUSIONS:
Current practices for investigating and treating ID in patients with HF do not align with existing guideline recommendations. Considering the gap in care, innovative strategies to optimize iron therapy in patients with HF are required.
Effect of Active Workstations on Neurocognitive Performance and Typing Skills: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Medina‐Inojosa Jose R. , Gomez Ibarra Miguel A. , Medina‐Inojosa Betsy J. , Supervia Marta , Jenkins Sarah , Johnson Lynne , Suarez Nathalie P. , Bonikowske Amanda , Somers Virend K. , Lopez‐Jimenez Francisco 
Published: April 2024

Background
Extended sedentary behavior is a risk factor for chronic disease and mortality, even among those who exercise regularly. Given the time constraints of incorporating physical activity into daily schedules, and the high likelihood of sitting during office work, this environment may serve as a potentially feasible setting for interventions to reduce sedentary behavior.

Methods and Results

A randomized cross‐over clinical trial was conducted at an employee wellness center. Four office settings were evaluated on 4 consecutive days: stationary or sitting station on day 1 (referent), and 3 subsequent active workstations (standing, walking, or stepper) in randomized order. Neurocognitive function (Selective Attention, Grammatical Reasoning, Odd One Out, Object Reasoning, Visuospatial Intelligence, Limited‐Hold Memory, Paired Associates Learning, and Digit Span) and fine motor skills (typing speed and accuracy) were tested using validated tools. Average scores were compared among stations using linear regression with generalized estimating equations to adjust standard errors. Bonferroni method adjusted for multiple comparisons. Healthy subjects were enrolled (n=44), 28 (64%) women, mean±SD age 35±11 years, weight 75.5±17.1 kg, height 168.5±10.0 cm, and body mass index 26.5±5.2 kg/m
2
. When comparing active stations to sitting, neurocognitive test either improved or remained unchanged, while typing speed decreased without affecting typing errors. Overall results improved after day 1, suggesting habituation. We observed no major differences across active stations, except decrease in average typing speed 42.5 versus 39.7 words per minute with standing versus stepping (
P
=0.003).

Conclusions
Active workstations improved cognitive performance, suggesting that these workstations can help decrease sedentary time without work performance impairment.

Registration

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT06240286.
Reconciling Islam with Indonesian Nationalism: Acceptance of the Arab Middle Eastern Influence During the Dutch Colonial Period
Authors: Yamaguchi Motoki 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
During the final decade of the Dutch colonial era, Indonesia witnessed a heated conflict over the relationship between Islam and nationalism. This paper examines several opinions within the Indonesian Islamic movement during the conflict, considering the influence of the Arab Middle East. Around 1930, behind the conflict with secular nationalists, a movement of Islamic groups sympathetic to nationalism emerged, resulting in a fierce debate from the latter half of the 1930s. At the end, those who accepted nationalism while demanding an Islamic movement and an Islamic state became the mainstream position. The rise of Indonesian Islamic nationalism was influenced by the Arab Middle East via Cairo-educated Indonesians and the writings of Arab Middle Eastern intellectuals. However, the acceptance of the influence depended on regional factors. It took some time before those writings became a contentious issue in Indonesia, and Indonesian Muslims selectively utilized the writings.
Prince Wan Waithayakon’s Attempt for Rapprochement with the People’s Republic of China at the 1955 Asian-African Conference at Bandung
Authors: Sripong Wiraj 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
After the end of the Second World War, newly emerging nations were being divided up geopolitically into ideological camps – the so-called “Free World” led by the United States and the ‘Communist Bloc’ under the leadership of the Soviet Union. At the same time, there was rising demands for self-determination by national leaders who did not wish to commit exclusively to either ideological camp, as they perceived this to be a form of neo-imperialism. A leading group within this third way of thinking was the Colombo Group. In the midst of this intense three-way struggle, post-war Thailand under the leadership of Premier Field Marshal Plaek Phibunsongkhram was heavily influenced by the US in the earliest stages of the Cold War. In the attempt to renegotiate and re-balance Thailand’s position in the heightened political tension of the region, the premier sent the then Minister of Foreign Affairs, Prince Wan Waithayakon, to represent Thailand at the Asia-Africa Conference – initiated through the cooperation of the Colombo Group earlier in May 1954 – in April 1955. At this conference Prince Wan exercised independent diplomacy by meeting and negotiating with the Chinese Premier Zhou Enlai in an attempt to re-balance Thailand’s relations with world powers in both the Free World and the Communist Bloc. This meeting would have significant ramifications for Thailand’s diplomacy throughout the Cold War and has impacted the kingdom’s relations with the People’s Republic of China up to the present day.
Statistical Predictability of Euro-Mediterranean Subseasonal Anomalies: The TeWA Approach
Authors: Redolat Darío , Monjo Robert 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
It is widely known from energy balances that global oceans play a fundamental role in atmospheric seasonal anomalies via coupling mechanisms. However, numerical weather prediction models still have limitations in long-term forecasting due to their nonlinear sensitivity to initial deep oceanic conditions. As the Mediterranean climate has highly unpredictable seasonal variability, we designed a complementary method by supposing that 1) delayed teleconnection patterns provide information about ocean–atmosphere coupling on subseasonal time scales through the lens of 2) partially predictable quasi-periodic oscillations since 3) forecast signals can be extracted by smoothing noise in a continuous lead-time horizon. To validate these hypotheses, the subseasonal predictability of temperature and precipitation was analyzed at 11 reference stations in the Mediterranean area in the 1993–2021 period. The novel method, presented here, consists of combining lag-correlated teleconnections (15 indices) with self-predictability techniques of residual quasi-oscillation based on wavelet (cyclic) and autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) (linear) analyses. The prediction skill of this teleconnection–wavelet–ARIMA (TeWA) combination was cross-validated and compared to that of the ECMWF’s Seasonal Forecast System 5 (SEAS5)–ECMWF model (3 months ahead). Results show that the proposed TeWA approach improves the predictability of first-month temperature and precipitation anomalies by 50%–70% compared with the forecast of SEAS5. On a moving-averaged daily scale, the optimum prediction window is 30 days for temperature and 16 days for precipitation. The predictable ranges are consistent with atmospheric bridges in teleconnection patterns [e.g., Upper-Level Mediterranean Oscillation (ULMO)] and are reflected by spatial correlation with sea surface temperature (SST). Our results suggest that combinations of the TeWA approach and numerical models could boost new research lines in subseasonal-to-seasonal forecasting.

Significance Statement
The Mediterranean climate presents a high natural variability that makes skillful seasonal forecasts very difficult to achieve. We propose to complement the current forecasting methods with a statistical approach that combines two conceptual models: First, climate anomalies (cold/warm or dry/wet periods) are considered as smooth waves (with slow changes); and second, atmospheric and oceanic indices perform the role of atmosphere–ocean interactions, which impact Mediterranean climate variability in a delayed way. The key findings are that combining both sides, a better predictability of climate variability is provided, which is an opportunity to improve natural resource management and planning.
Implementing Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta in a Rural Level II Trauma Center
Authors: Creel Nathan , Mantooth Jessica 
Published: April 2024

This study’s purpose is to develop a low-cost implementation of Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta (REBOA) in a rural level-2 trauma center. Literature and training to this point have involved urban level-1 trauma centers. This study examines the effectiveness of an in-house training program on trauma patient outcomes by comparing data from a matched historical control group of pre-REBOA patients (n = 32) to the REBOA intervention group (n = 17). The REBOA group had a similar ED to OR LOS (1.45 vs 1.79 hrs, P = .346) and similar ED LOS (1.36 vs 2.21 hrs, P = .01) as the historical control group. Although the REBOA group had a higher transfusion volume (6235.06 vs 2268.75 milliliters, P = .005), survival bias could be a factor. Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta is considered a safe and affordable option for level-2 trauma centers without increasing complications or delaying time to the operating room.