bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The use of sclera in tympanic membrane reconstruction.
Authors: Thawley Stanley E. , Smith Peter G. , Faw Kenneth D. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractSclera appears to be an appropriate grafting material because of its high density, high tensile strength, and low antigenicity. Preserved donor sclera has been used for myringoplasty in 125 cases over a 4 year period with an overall success rate for complete closure of the perforation of 96%. Several simple techniques for creating flanges to hold the graft in place were used. The size of the perforations ranged from several millimeters to 80% of the eardrum surface. Most of the cases have been done as outpatients, the adults with local anesthesia and the children with general anesthesia.The advantages of the procedure are: A. readily available graft material; B. high tensile strength of sclera maintains scaffolding effect for long periods of time; C. the flange technique holds the graft at the perforation site and prevents graft lateralization or medialization; D. the procedure can be performed as an outpatient, decreasing health care costs.
Summating potential in meniere's disease.
Authors: Goin Donald W. , Staller Steven J. , Asher David L. , Mischke Robert E. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThis study assesses several electrocochleographic (ECoG) duration and amplitude measures in a clinically defined Meniere's group and compares the results with those from a normal hearing control group and a hearing loss group (cochlear). The summating potential (SP)/action potential (AP) amplitude ratio was the most efficient diagnostic measure, with 62% of the Meniere's group demonstrating abnormal ratios compared to 4% of the normal control group and 17% of the cochlear group.The SP changes were then studied from three angles: 1. Comparison of SP changes with glycerol test results; 2. Comparison of ECoG results before and after shunt surgery; and 3. Recording of SP's in guinea pig ears in which hydrops had been created by obliterating the endolymphatic duct.
Inner ear histopathology in patients treated with Cis‐Platinum.
Authors: Wright Charles G. , Schaefer Steven D. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractTemporal bone histopathology was studied in five patients (aged 51–67) who received cis‐diamminedichloroplatinum (DDP) chemotherapy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. In each case, a sensorineural hearing loss occurred during the course of treatment and temporal bones were acquired 3–5 hours postmortem for anatomical study.Scanning electron microscopy revealed acute degenerative changes in cochlear hair cells that appeared to be the result of drug treatment. However, the presence of age‐related degeneration made it difficult to unequivocally identify hair cell loss due solely to ototoxicity.In one patient, a decrement in vestibular function was observed during DDP treatment. Postmortem examination showed severe degeneration of the maculae and cristae which could be correlated with the absence of caloric response seen after chemotherapy.
Vestibular function assessment in patients with meniere's disease: The vestibulospinal system.
Authors: Black F. Owen 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe state‐of‐the‐art approach to clinical assessment of vestibular disturbances includes a number of procedures in which it is assumed that the status of major vestibular pathways is quantified independently from converging somatosensory and visual influences. Although it has been known for some time that this approach has limitations in a highly integrative system in which inputs from a number of sensory modalities interact, a practical remedy has been only recently forthcoming. Using an approach to assessment of the vestibulospinal system developed by Nashner, the application of moving platform techniques has been the first to systematically identify the interactions among vestibular, visual, and proprioceptive senses and determine the role of vestibular losses in the process of postural control.A group of Meniere's disease patients were studied in order to determine whether or not such tests could be used as an effective vestibular screening method for Meniere's disease patients in remission, and whether the ability of Meniere's disease patients to use vision and proprioception to compensate for their vestibular disorders, could be assessed. Results indicated that quantitative evaluation of the vestibulospinal system was a very effective vestibular screening test. Furthermore, the adaptive ability of the subject can be estimated by varying the amounts of visual and proprioceptive vestibular information available to the patient for the control of postural sway. Preliminary results indicate that such a technique would be of great value clinically for the initial and on‐going evaluation of patients with Meniere's disease and for pre and post‐therapeutic evaluation of the Meniere's disease patient.
Intermediate results of 306 recurrent laryngeal nerve sections for spastic dysphonia
Authors: Dedo Herbert H. , Izdebski Krzysztof 
Published: October 2006

AbstractRecurrent laryngeal nerve section for spastic dysphonia was first performed in 1975 because prior forms of treatment had failed. Virtually every patient has had a detailed postoperative follow‐up which includes a tape recording and a self‐assessment questionnaire. The majority of patients remain free of spasticity at this medium‐term follow‐up. In some, spasticity recurred with less than preoperative severity, A small percentage of patients have a persistent breathy phonation. The first group is treated with vocal fold lateralization procedure using the CO2 laser; the second, with Teflon.® When needed, voice therapy is also given. This paper provides a basis for diagnosis, indications for surgery, primary and secondary surgical techniques, encountered problems, and medium‐term follow‐up results.
Laryngeal transposition flap for reconstruction of large oral cavity defects
Authors: Spiro Ronald H. , Sobol Steven M. , Gerold Frank 
Published: October 2006

AbstractResection of the entire tongue and floor of the mouth, with or without the anterior mandibular arch, may necessitate sacrifice of the larynx to prevent life‐threatening aspiration and poses a significant reconstructive dilemma. Regional cutaneous or myocutaneous flaps can provide adequate healthy tissue for repair, but shore the inherent disadvantage of resurfacing the oral cavity with skin (which may be hair bearing), rather than mucosa. Moreover, cutaneous flaps usually necessitate a planned orocutaneous fistula and secondary closure, and bulky myocutaneous flnps may interfere with oral competence. Larynx transposition has been used for some time at Memorial Sloan‐Kettering Cancer Center to repair selected large oral cavity defects resulting from resection of the entire tongue and floor of the mouth. This report illustrates the laryngeal transposition flap which is developed from the skeletonized, laryngofissured larynx based on the superior laryngeal arteriovenous pedicle. The advantages and disadvantages of this technique, as compared with alternative methods of reconstruction, are discussed.
Tracheal involvement in laryngeal papillomatosis
Authors: Weiss Michael D. , Kashima Haskins K. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA review of 39 laryngeal papilloma patients at The Johns Hopkins Hospital revealed an incidence of subglottic and tracheal extension much higher than previously reported. Subglottic disease was present in 69% of patients and tracheal involvement in 26%. Factors associated with distal spread were the presence of subglottic papillomas, history of tracheostomy, total number of endoscopic resections, and the duration of disease. The relationship to the presence of viral antigen was cited. Detection and elimination of all papillomas is felt to be the key for the prevention of distal spread. The strategy of management is described.
Symposium continued. Nasal mucous transport and our ambient air
Authors: Proctor Donald F. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe nose usually serves to conduct air in and out of the lungs; but it also defends the body against airborne noxious materials and modifies the physical condition of inspired air prior to its arrival in the lungs. A major factor in these physiological functions is mucociliary clearance which depends on the secretion of airway secretions and ciliary activity. This function is impaired by certain air pollutants, but not by relative humidity or temperature of the ambient air.
Phenothiazine induced lingual trauma
Authors: Miglets Andrew W. , Racey Gary , Hoffer J. Lee 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA 34‐year‐old woman presented with an unusual and unfortunate combination of complications to a phenothiazine drug. Rhythmic protrusion of her tongue was not a problem until it became trapped outside of her oral cavity by spasm of the muscles of mastication. Massive edema with questionable viability of her tongue ensued. She presented as an airway as well as therapeutic management problem.
Computed tomography vs. histology of laryngeal cancer: Their value in predicting laryngeal cartilage invasion
Authors: Archer Carol R. , Yeager Vernon L. , Herbold David R. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractTwenty‐seven cancerous larynges were examined preoperatively by computed tomography and postoperatively by transaxial anatomic sections. Data from this correlative study provides a new radiographic classification based upon the relationship of the plane of maximal tumor size to the apex, body, or vocal process of the arytenoid. Unlike those tumors whose maximal size lies at or above the apex of the arytenoid, those below have a very high association with cartilage invasion (8% in former group, 86% in latter group). This is explained by our observation of sites of predilection of tumor invasion of the thyroid, cricoid, and arytenoid cartilages. At these sites collagen fibers have been observed to pass through the perichondrium and attach directly to cartilage. These same fibers may serve as a pathway to direct growth of tumor cells. There was no correlation between six histologic parameters and the presence of cartilage invasion.
The role of conservative surgery in the management of inverted papilloma
Authors: Lawson William , Biller Hugh F. , Jacobson Alan , Som Peter 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA group of 31 patients with inverted papilloma were treated at the Mount Sinai Medical Center. There were no multicentric cases, and one patient had an associated malignancy. A conservative procedure consisting of intranasal or transantral sphenoethmoidectomy was selectively performed in 8 patients with limited lesions. No recurrences were observed in this group after a mean follow‐up of 2 years. Lateral rhinotomy with medial maxillectomy and en bloc resection of the ethmoid labyrinth was performed in 23 other patients. One recurrence appeared in this group, members of which were followed a mean of 3.8 years. Radiographic evaluation by multidirectional polytomography and CT scanning permits identification of a small group of patients who have limited lesions and may be candidates for conservative tumor excision.
Surgical treatment of chronic laryngeal stenosis secondary to vocal cord paralysis: Pre and postoperative evaluation of ventilatory function
Authors: Grahne B. , Poppius H. , Viljanen A. A. , Korhonen O. , Rinne J. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThirteen patients with chronic laryngeal stenosis were operated upon with total excision of stenotic scar tissue, enlargement of the lumen by sectioning the back and front wall of the larynx, and application of an indwelling Teflon® prosthesis for 4 months. The stenosis was in many cases caused by long‐standing recurrent paralysis complicated by attempted surgical correction of the stenosis. Following operation, the specific airway conductance increased in all patients (mean ± SD pre and postoperative values 0.51 ± 0.30 and 1.12 ± 0.51 kPa−1.s−1, respectively). The FIV1/FVC ratio was determined in 9 patients and an increase was postoperatively noted in all of them (mean ± SD pre and postoperative values 43 ± 17 and 76 ± 13%, respectively). The physiological findings confirmed the excellent clinical results of the treatment.
Benign schwannoma involving the infratemporal fossa and orbit
Authors: Jones H. Savage 
Published: October 2006

AbstractSchwann cells intimately ensheath all neurones — of both myelinated and non‐myelinated nerves — in the peripheral nervous system. Though Schwann cell tumors are uncommon, up to 45% of the total may occur in the head and neck region.The purpose of this paper is to report a case of schwannoma arising in the right infratemporal fossa, and to describe the surgery involved in its removal.A benign tumor arising in this uncommon position requires a conservative surgical approach for cosmetic reasons. In this case, access was provided by mobilization of the zygoma, which, following removal of the tumor, was repositioned. This surgical procedure provided useful access to such a cryptic anatomical region whilst ensuring a satisfactory cosmetic result.
Prediction of serous versus purulent otitis media by otoscopy and tympanometry in an animal model
Authors: Giebink G. Scott , Heller Kelley A. , Le Chap T. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractNon‐invasive methods for distinguishing different types of otitis media would have clinical value in predicting otologic morbidity. Two such methods, otoscopy and tympanometry, were used in two experimental models of otitis media to determine whether there are unique otoscopic and tympanometric characteristics of serous and purulent otitis media. A flat (type B or B+) tympanogram and yellow tympanic membrane each had a high likelihood of predicting middle ear effusion in these models, and the best prediction was obtained using both parameters simultaneously. A yellow tympanic membrane color predicted purulent otitis media in one model but did not distinguish purulent from serous ears in the other model. In one model, serous otitis media was frequently associated with a type C (negative pressure) tympanogram. Tympanometry provided a valuable adjunct to otoscopy in detecting effusion and in distinguishing serous and purulent disease. These observations may apply to otitis media in humans, although the variable etiologies of otitis media in humans may confound the ability of otoscopy and tympanometry to distinguish middle ear effusion types.
Preliminary report on complications of the extended cervicofacial rhytidectomy
Authors: Dedo Douglas D. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe facelift is one of the major surgical procedures for facial rejuvenation. Over the years it has evolved from local skin excisions to wide undermining and manipulation of the subcutaneous layers. Presently, controversy exists concerning the extent of undermining. Minimal flap undermining is felt to give less than an optimum cosmetic result that in turn only lasts for a very short period of time, while more extensive procedures are thought to jeopardize the patient with increasing morbidity from associated complications. Since 1978, the author has been a strong proponent of the widely undermined facelift with concomitant excision and rotation of the subcutaneous layers. A review of the patients done since 1978, who had the more extensive operation, was undertaken to determine the incidence of postoperative complications. Even though the series is small, the results are encouraging.
Complications of CO2 laser surgery of the larynx
Authors: Fried Marvin P. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe use of the surgical laser has become commonplace in many medical centers, however the limitations of its use need to be assessed. The complications of laser use are based on the physics of the instrument and the equipment used. Direct laser effects include burns of tissue unintended for losing, and endotracheal tube (E‐T) ignition. Secondary effects occur as immediate consequences of lasing, such as E‐T tube obstruction, internal E‐T ignition, or mucosal charring. A case of airway obstruction is presented. Delayed effects relate to healing. Suggestions are made to help avoid the outlined complications.
Complications associated with the surgical treatment of cholesteatoma
Authors: Pratt Lindsay L. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe surgical complications associated with a cholesteatoma are predictable preoperatively depending upon the location of a cholesteatoma. If the patient has an attic cholesteatoma the surgeon can anticipate postoperatively a dry ear, minimal chance of a persistent or recurrent cholesteatoma, a satisfactory hearing restoration, and, although a mastoidectomy is usually necessary, the size of the mastoid cavity in an adult can be extremely small.If a patient has a middle ear cholesteatoma the surgeon can anticipate postoperatively a relatively high incidence of moist ears, persistent or recurrent cholesteatoma, and an unsatisfactory hearing result. However, rarely will the creation of a mastoid cavity be necessary as rarely will mastoidectomy be required.Although most of the children “before puberty” in the study had middle ear cholesteatomas, all children, regardless of the location of cholesteatoma, had a higher incidence of surgical failure than did adults.
Paraganglioma of the nasal cavity
Authors: Himelfarb Mordechai Z. , Ostrzega Nora L. , Samuel Joram , Shanon Eliahu 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA rare case of nasal paraganglioma is described. The tumor presented as a bleeding polyp originating from the middle turbinate. Histological evaluation was based on light and electron microscopy and the findings are discussed in detail. The tumor was locally excised.
Nasopharyngeal lipoma
Authors: Grybauskas Vytenis T. , Shugar Martin A. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThough lipoma is a common tumor in many anatomic sites throughout the body, its occurrence in the nasopharynx is extremely rare, with only several cases being reported in the literature. We describe a 17‐year‐old female with a nasopharyngeal lipoma. The mass had been present for at least 5 years and, despite its large size, was asymptomatic.
Sphenoid sinus revisited
Authors: Gibson William 
Published: October 2006

AbstractJ. H. Maxwell, M.D., in 1959 presented a paper on, “The Diagnosis of Chronic Inflammatory Lesions of the Sphenoid Sinus.” In that paper he reviewed chronic inflammatory lesions of the sphenoid sinus and demonstrated through means of case presentations various techniques required for proper diagnosis. During the past five years at the Geisinger Medical Center some interesting noninflammatory lesions of the sphenoid sinuses have been observed and will be reviewed. The symptoms of these sphenoid sinus lesions are usually related to abnormalities of the orbit and/or nasal passages. Cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea and meningitis may be present. Pain, when present, is generally not as severe as that described in inflammatory lesions, but is still localized in a similar manner. The diagnosis of sphenoid sinus disease may be suspected on the history and x‐rays of the paranasal sinuses. Poytomography and computerized tomography scanning have aided markedly in the identification of the sphenoid lesions. Surgery in these cases included either a transnnsal or sublabial transseptal approach to the sphenoid sinus and is recommended as a method to gain access to this rather obscure area.
Injection injuries of the recurrent laryngeal nerve
Authors: Raz Sharir , Ramanathan Vadakkencherry 
Published: October 2006

AbstractWe describe a new etiology for vocal cord paralysis. Two patients, chronic drug abusers, had in time lost access to the usual peripheral veins, and proceeded then to have the drugs injected repeatedly into the jugular veins in the neck.Both presented with persistent hoarseness and were found to have a unilateral vocal cord paralysis.Neck exploration was undertaken to evaluate this pathology, to rule out other obscure disease, and to decompress the recurrent laryngeal nerve within the carotid sheaths. Severe fibrosis was encountered in the neck of one patient and mild fibrosis in the other. A biopsy specimen from the adjacent autonomic portion of the vagus nerve was submitted.Although the follow‐up period was short, no definite return of function was observed. A discussion of injection injuries to nerves is presented.
Rhabdomyosarcoma of the larynx: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Diehn Karl W. , Hyams Vincent J. , Harris Anthony E. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractRhabdomyosarcoma is rarely diagnosed in the larynx. A case report and five patients from the Otolaryngic Pathologic Files of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology are added to the world literature. Current modes of treating Stage III rhabdomyosarcomas are reviewed. The recent literature suggests that certain of these neoplasms may be treated successfully without radical surgery.
Transstomal endoscopic monitoring of patients managed by tracheal silicone t‐tubes
Authors: Eliachar Isaac , Joachims Henry Z. , Silva Miriam Da 
Published: October 2006

AbstractTransstomal preoperative endoscopic examination (using rigid Hopkins type telescopes) of patients considered for surgical repair or stenting of laryngotracheal stenosis is described. This technique is further employed in patients managed with silicone T‐tubes to monitor the airway during the stenting period and to determine the timing for removal of the tubes.Immediate post‐removal endoscopic follow‐up is most valuable in determining the patency and stability of the newly reconstructed airway.
Palatal myoclonus — case report
Authors: Fitzgerald Dennis C. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractPalatal myoclonus is the name of a syndrome characterized by an involuntary rhythmic movement of the soft palate, occasionally involving the facial muscles, pharynx, larynx, and diaphragm.A review of the literature involving the etiology, pathology, symptoms, and treatment is presented. A case is reported with successful treatment with phenytoin sodium and phenobarbital. Also presented and discussed are the influences of acoustic and corneal stimulations on the myoclonic activity.
Salivary gland choristoma of the middle ear: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Kartush Jack M. , Graham Malcolm D. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractSalivary gland choristomata are heterotopic rests which have rarely been reported in the middle ear. A case report of a salivary gland choristoma of the middle ear is presented and the literature reviewed. The frequent association of ossicular chain and facial nerve anomalies is emphasized.
Sialadenoma papilliferum of the parotid gland
Authors: Grushka M. , Podoshin L. , Boss J. H. , Fradis M. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA case of sialadenoma papilliferum of the parotid gland in a 35‐year‐old woman is described. The tumor was locally excised and no recurrence was evident after a follow‐up period of 30 months.
A simple prosthesis for correction of cryptotia
Authors: Muraoka Michinari , Nakai Yoshiaki , Ohashi Yoshihiro , Furukawa Masayoshi 
Published: October 2006

AbstractCryptotia, which is a rather common anomaly among Japanese, is found in one of about every 400 Japanese. We tried the prosthesis method and obtained good results, with 26 cases (31 auricles). The results obtained were good for 15 cases, fair in 10, and poor in 1. By this method, complete correction including that of the cartilage is possible for the patients up to 8 years old, and correction by extension of the skin is possible for older age groups. This method can be applied to patients 2 or 3 years old without limiting it to those of less than 1 year.