bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantifying fat zonation in liver lobules: an integrated multiscale in silico model combining disturbed microperfusion and fat metabolism via a continuum biomechanical bi-scale, tri-phasic approach
Authors: Lambers Lena , Waschinsky Navina , Schleicher Jana , König Matthias , Tautenhahn Hans-Michael , Albadry Mohamed , Dahmen Uta , Ricken Tim 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMetabolic zonation refers to the spatial separation of metabolic functions along the sinusoidal axes of the liver. This phenomenon forms the foundation for adjusting hepatic metabolism to physiological requirements in health and disease (e.g., metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease/MASLD). Zonated metabolic functions are influenced by zonal morphological abnormalities in the liver, such as periportal fibrosis and pericentral steatosis. We aim to analyze the interplay between microperfusion, oxygen gradient, fat metabolism and resulting zonated fat accumulation in a liver lobule. Therefore we developed a continuum biomechanical, tri-phasic, bi-scale, and multicomponent in silico model, which allows to numerically simulate coupled perfusion-function-growth interactions two-dimensionally in liver lobules. The developed homogenized model has the following specifications: (i) thermodynamically consistent, (ii) tri-phase model (tissue, fat, blood), (iii) penta-substances (glycogen, glucose, lactate, FFA, and oxygen), and (iv) bi-scale approach (lobule, cell). Our presented in silico model accounts for the mutual coupling between spatial and time-dependent liver perfusion, metabolic pathways and fat accumulation. The model thus allows the prediction of fat development in the liver lobule, depending on perfusion, oxygen and plasma concentration of free fatty acids (FFA), oxidative processes, the synthesis and the secretion of triglycerides (TGs). The use of a bi-scale approach allows in addition to focus on scale bridging processes. Thus, we will investigate how changes at the cellular scale affect perfusion at the lobular scale and vice versa. This allows to predict the zonation of fat distribution (periportal or pericentral) depending on initial conditions, as well as external and internal boundary value conditions.
Explaining the colour of natural healthy gingiva
Authors: Gómez-Polo Cristina , Montero Javier , Martín Casado Ana Maria 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTo examine the differences between natural gingival colour in men and women. To determine the degree of predictability of changes in the gingival colour coordinates recorded for healthy gingiva, according to age, long-term medication, frequency of toothbrushing, and smoking habits. The CIELAB colour coordinates were recorded using a spectrophotometer for 360 Caucasian adult participants (aged 18–92 years), in three zones of the healthy attached gingiva of the maxillary central incisor. Regression models were created for each zone and each sex, taking the L*, a* and b* coordinates as dependent variables and age, frequency of toothbrushing, smoking habits (0—non-smoker; 1—smoker) and whether participants were taking long-term medication (0—no; 1—yes) as independent variables. The statistical analysis was conducted with SPSS version 26.0, using multiple regression models. Statistically significant differences between men and women were found only for colour coordinate b*, in all three zones. The only colour coordinate on which the predictor variables had a significant effect was the L* coordinate. In men, age and long-term medication had the greatest effect as predictors (maximum R2 = 0.149). In women, frequency of toothbrushing was the strongest predictor in the predictive models (maximum R2 = 0.099). The colour of gingiva in men contained a larger amount of blue, given that significantly lower values for colour coordinate b* were recorded in men than women, although this difference lacked clinical implications. For both sexes, the regression models produced had a modest predictive capacity. The L* coordinate was the dependent variable that showed the greatest predictability.
Asystole on loop recorder in patients with unexplained syncope and negative tilt testing: age distribution and clinical predictors
Authors: Russo Vincenzo , Comune Angelo , Parente Erika , Rago Anna , Papa Andrea Antonio , Nigro Gerardo , Brignole Michele 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Approximately 50% of patients with unexplained syncope and negative head-up tilt test (HUTT) who have an electrocardiogram (ECG) documentation of spontaneous syncope during implantable loop recorder (ILR) show an asystolic pause at the time of the event.

Objective
The aim of the study was to evaluate the age distribution and clinical predictors of asystolic syncope detected by ILR in patients with unexplained syncope and negative HUTT.

Methods
This research employed a retrospective, single-center study of consecutive patients. The ILR-documented spontaneous syncope was classified according to the International Study on Syncope of Uncertain Etiology (ISSUE) classification.

Results
Among 113 patients (54.0 ± 19.6 years; 46% male), 49 had an ECG-documented recurrence of syncope during the observation period and 28 of these later (24.8%, corresponding to 57.1% of the patients with a diagnostic event) had a diagnosis of asystolic syncope at ILR: type 1A was present in 24 (85.7%), type 1B in 1 (3.6%), and type 1C in 3 (10.7%) patients. The age distribution of asystolic syncope was bimodal, with a peak at age < 19 years and a second peak at the age of 60–79 years. At Cox multivariable analysis, syncope without prodromes (OR 3.7; p = 0.0008) and use of beta blockers (OR 3.2; p = 0.002) were independently associated to ILR-detected asystole.

Conclusions
In patients with unexplained syncope and negative HUTT, the age distribution of asystolic syncope detected by ILR is bimodal, suggesting a different mechanism responsible for asystole in both younger and older patients. The absence of prodromes and the use of beta blockers are independent predictors of ILR-detected asystole.
The differences in the anatomy of the thoracolumbar and sacral autonomic outflow are quantitative
Authors: Verlinden Thomas J. M. , Lamers Wouter H. , Herrler Andreas , Köhler S. Eleonore 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
We have re-evaluated the anatomical arguments that underlie the division of the spinal visceral outflow into sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.

Methodology
Using a systematic literature search, we mapped the location of catecholaminergic neurons throughout the mammalian peripheral nervous system. Subsequently, a narrative method was employed to characterize segment-dependent differences in the location of preganglionic cell bodies and the composition of white and gray rami communicantes.

Results and Conclusion
One hundred seventy studies were included in the systematic review, providing information on 389 anatomical structures. Catecholaminergic nerve fibers are present in most spinal and all cranial nerves and ganglia, including those that are known for their parasympathetic function. Along the entire spinal autonomic outflow pathways, proximal and distal catecholaminergic cell bodies are common in the head, thoracic, and abdominal and pelvic region, which invalidates the “short-versus-long preganglionic neuron” argument.
Contrary to the classically confined outflow levels T1-L2 and S2-S4, preganglionic neurons have been found in the resulting lumbar gap. Preganglionic cell bodies that are located in the intermediolateral zone of the thoracolumbar spinal cord gradually nest more ventrally within the ventral motor nuclei at the lumbar and sacral levels, and their fibers bypass the white ramus communicans and sympathetic trunk to emerge directly from the spinal roots. Bypassing the sympathetic trunk, therefore, is not exclusive for the sacral outflow. We conclude that the autonomic outflow displays a conserved architecture along the entire spinal axis, and that the perceived differences in the anatomy of the autonomic thoracolumbar and sacral outflow are quantitative.
Choosing Optimal Cutoff Frequencies for Filtering Linear Acceleration and Angular Velocity Signals Associated with Head Impacts Measured by Instrumented Mouthguards
Authors: Gellner Ryan , Begonia Mark , Rowson Steve 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHead impact sensors worn in the mouth are popular because they couple directly to the teeth and provide six-degree-of-freedom head measurements. Mouthpiece signal filters have conventionally used cutoff frequencies lower than recommended practices (Society of Automotive Engineers, SAE J211-1) to eliminate extraneous noise when measuring with live subjects. However, there is little information about the effects of filter choice on the accuracy of signals measured by instrumented mouthpieces. Lack of standardization in head impact measurement device post-processing techniques can result in data that are not comparable across studies or device brands. This study sought optimal filter cutoff frequencies for six-degree-of-freedom measurements made at the teeth using instrumented mouthguards. We collected linear acceleration and angular velocity signals at the head center of gravity (CG) using laboratory-grade instrumentation. We also collected and filtered similar six-degree-of-freedom measurements from an instrumented mouthguard using 24 cutoff frequencies, from 25 to 600 Hz. We transformed the measurements to linear acceleration at the center of gravity of the head (CG) using all kinematic variables at the teeth, optimizing linear and angular mouthguard cutoff frequencies with one equation. We calculated the percent error in transformed peak resultant linear acceleration and minimized the mean and standard deviation in error. The optimal cutoff frequencies were 175 Hz for linear acceleration and 250 Hz for angular velocity. Rigid impacts (3–5 ms duration) had higher optimal cutoff frequencies (175 Hz linear acceleration, 275 Hz angular velocity) than padded impacts (10–12 ms duration; 100 Hz linear acceleration, 175 Hz angular velocity), and all impacts together (3–12 ms duration; 175 Hz linear acceleration, 250 Hz angular velocity). Instrumented mouthpiece manufacturers and researchers using these devices should consider these optimal filter cutoff frequencies to minimize measurement error. Sport-specific filter criteria for teeth-based sensors may be warranted to account for the difference in optimal cutoff frequency combination by impact duration.
What Influence Could the Acceptance of Visitors Cause on the Epidemic Dynamics of a Reinfectious Disease?: A Mathematical Model
Authors: Xie Ying , Ahmad Ishfaq , Ikpe ThankGod I. S. , Sofia Elza F. , Seno Hiromi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe globalization in business and tourism becomes crucial more and more for the economical sustainability of local communities. In the presence of an epidemic outbreak, there must be such a decision on the policy by the host community as whether to accept visitors or not, the number of acceptable visitors, or the condition for acceptable visitors. Making use of an SIRI type of mathematical model, we consider the influence of visitors on the spread of a reinfectious disease in a community, especially assuming that a certain proportion of accepted visitors are immune. The reinfectivity of disease here means that the immunity gained by either vaccination or recovery is imperfect. With the mathematical results obtained by our analysis on the model for such an epidemic dynamics of resident and visitor populations, we find that the acceptance of visitors could have a significant influence on the disease’s endemicity in the community, either suppressive or supportive.
Systematic Review: Patient and Public Involvement of Children and Young People in Mental Health Research
Authors: Totzeck Christina , van der Meer Anna Swantje , Christiansen Hanna , Durlach Friederike , Li Sanchez Kira , Schneider Silvia 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Objective
Patient and public involvement (PPI) is an essential ethical component in mental health research, and represents a major opportunity to improve translational mental health research. The goals of this review were to (1) provide a comprehensive overview of empirical research focusing on PPI of children and young people (CYP) in mental health research studies; (2) evaluate the results with CYP and parents of those affected; and (3) derive recommendations for PPI of CYP in future mental health research studies.

Methods
Based on an extensive literature review following the PRISMA guidelines, studies including CYP (age range: 0–21 years) in mental health research were identified and examined along a two-part analysis process considering their usability for mental health research. The conclusions drawn from the studies concerning CYP involvement were summarized and recommendations derived.

Results
Overall, 19 articles reported PPI of CYP (age range: 10–26 years) in mental health research and were included for further analyses. The integrated studies differed in the type of PPI, and in the way the participation and involvement processes were presented.

Conclusion
Progress has been made in engaging CYP in mental health research, but there is a need for international standards, operationalization, and evaluation measures. Future research should go beyond merely reporting the PPI process itself. It should clearly indicate how and to what extent feedback from these PPI members was incorporated throughout the research process.
Fabrication of porous bone scaffolds using degradable and mouldable bacterial cellulose
Authors: Öz Yunus Emre , Bingül Nur Deniz , Morçimen Zehra Gül , Şendemir Aylin , Hameş Elif Esin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBacterial cellulose (BC) is a biomaterial extensively studied in tissue engineering due to its favorable properties. Porosity, biocompatibility, biodegradability and mechanical durability are essential material properties for scaffold use in tissue engineering. This study aims to fabricate porous scaffolds using a moldable and degradable BC-HAp composite for bone tissue engineering. BC was produced by Komagataeibacter sucrofermentans under static culture conditions. The harvested BC membranes were purified and then mechanically shredded. BC oxidation was performed using different sodium periodate concentrations (0.05–0.5 M) and treatment times (0.5–12 h). Oxidized BCs (oxBC) were modified with hydroxyapatite (HAp), then were moulded, lyophilized, and characterized. The degradability of the scaffolds was determined for 45 days. Cytotoxic analysis of oxBC scaffolds was carried out for 7 days using the L929 fibroblast cell line. The oxidation degrees of the shredded BC samples were between 6.75 and 81%, which increased in line with the increasing concentration and application time of periodate. The scaffolds prepared using oxidized cellulose for 30 and 60 min (oxBC30 and oxBC60) preserved their integrity, These scaffolds showed a weight loss of 9% and 14% in 45 days, respectively. The pore distribution was between 50 and 450 µm and concentrated in the 50–150 µm range. The compression moduli were 88.72 kPa and 138.88 kPa for oxBC30-HAp and oxBC60-HAp, respectively. It was determined that oxBC did not show a significant difference in cell viability compared to the control groups and was not cytotoxic. In conclusion, degradable and more porous bone scaffolds were fabricated using mouldable oxBC.
Impact of ethical leadership and psychological ownership on employees' voluntary pro-environmental behaviour: a case study of selected organisations in Delta State Nigeria
Authors: Nwanzu Chiyem Lucky , Babalola Sunday Samson 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThere is a need to complement strategic policies with discretionary environmentally friendly behaviour to ensure sustainable performance is recognised and accepted. This research investigates the impact of ethical leadership and psychological ownership on employees' voluntary pro-environmental behaviour and whether psychological ownership amplifies the impact of ethical leadership on employees' voluntary pro-environmental behaviour. The study was conducted amongst employees of selected public and commercial organisations in Nigeria. A cross-sectional survey of 163 employees provided the analysed data. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire, including three established scales. The mean age of the participants was 36.34, with a 7.88 standard deviation; men were 43.6%. Data analysis was conducted using statistical regression complemented with Process Macro. The findings indicated that ethical leadership has a positive association with voluntary pro-environmental behaviour (β = 0.64, 95% CI [0.46–0.68], t = 10.53, p < 0.001). Furthermore, psychological ownership was also found to predict voluntary pro-environmental behaviour as well (β = 0.23, 95% CI [0.10–0.35], t = 3.56, p < 0.001). However, psychological ownership did not moderate the relationship between ethical leadership and voluntary pro-environmental behaviour. Since this is a pioneer study, it could be tentatively concluded that although ethical leadership and psychological ownership energised the voluntary pro-environmental behaviour of the employees, their interaction did not.
Supply-side climate policy and fossil fuels in developing countries: a neo-Gramscian perspective
Authors: Heras Augusto 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis article examines the perspectives of low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) on climate change mitigation and fossil fuel supply within the UN framework convention on climate change (UNFCCC). Achieving the temperature targets of the Paris Agreement requires leaving fossil fuels underground (LFFU), which presents challenges for LMICs due to their significant fossil fuel reserves. This dilemma raises equity concerns as these countries must balance climate action with their Right to Development (RtD). Against this background, through a content analysis of documents submitted to the UNFCCC and triangulation with ownership structures of extraction projects, this paper explores how ten LMICs define their roles in addressing climate change and LFFU, with a focus on mitigation policies and the energy sector. Drawing on Gramscian concepts such as hegemony, common sense, historical bloc, war of position, passive revolution, andtrasformismo, this paper presents a non-exhaustive neo-Gramscian perspective for the analysis of supply-side climate policy in developing countries. The analysis reveals that LMICs’ development paths have been characterized by fossil fuel expansion, energy addition, and carbon lock-in, grounded on energy security reasons, export dependencies, or equity and responsibility. From these findings, the paper argues that the global energy transition can be interpreted as a passive revolution: the fossil historical bloc, through the interdependencies between states, national oil companies, and fossil capital, maintains its hegemonic position by aligning material, organizational, and discursive resources around fossil fuels, with the RtD serving as a discursive tool to perpetuate fossil dominance in energy systems, agreeing to the legitimate demands for development. One of thetrasformisttactics deployed is the bridge narrative of gas, which accommodates and neutralizes the challenge posed by renewables. Nonetheless, there are opportunities for Southern leadership to contest the bloc with potential counter-hegemony. This paper contributes to the ongoing debate on supply-side mitigation policies and distributive justice issues in the North–South context, focusing on the need and potential for an inclusive and just energy transformation. There are avenues of research to analyse how the challengers’ war of position will bear fruit in coalition building and the establishment of a new, just, and inclusive common sense.
Refractive results of photorefractive keratectomy comparing trans-PRK and PTK−PRK for correction of myopia and myopic astigmatism
Authors: Saad Ahmed , Saad Amr , Frings Andreas 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To compare refractive outcomes after transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (tPRK) and combined phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK−PRK) procedure using two different excimer laser platforms for correction of myopia and myopic astigmatism.

Methods
In this retrospective multicenter study, we compared the results of two different PRK methods. The first group received a tPRK treatment with the Amaris750 excimer laser (Schwind eye-tech solutions). The second group received a combined PTK−PRK treatment with the MEL90 excimer laser (Carl Zeiss). Only healthy eyes with no previous surgery and a spherical equivalent (SE) of −1 to −8 diopters (D) were included. Preoperative spherical equivalent (SE), age, and sex were matched among the two groups. All treatments were performed by the same surgeon in different clinics. This study was approved by the local Ethics Committee (No. 2022–1980).

Results
We included 154 eyes of 86 patients in our study. There was no difference in predictability of SE between the two groups. Efficacy and safety indices were equally high in both groups. Similarly, no significant differences were seen in change of higher order aberrations (HOA) between the two groups (p > 0.05). No complications occurred.

Conclusion
Both investigated methods provide safe and effective refractive results. The combination of PTK with PRK may be a suitable option to the already used one-step tPRK for the correction of myopia.
Multi-part cross-intersecting families
Authors: Xi Yuanxiao , Kong Xiangliang , Ge Gennian 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLet $${\mathcal {A}}\subseteq {[n]\atopwithdelims ()a}$$

A
⊆

[
n
]

a

and $${\mathcal {B}}\subseteq {[n]\atopwithdelims ()b}$$

B
⊆

[
n
]

b

be two families of subsets of [n], we say $${\mathcal {A}}$$
A
and $${\mathcal {B}}$$
B
are cross-intersecting if $$A\cap B\ne \emptyset $$

A
∩
B
≠
∅

for all $$A\in {\mathcal {A}}$$

A
∈
A

, $$B\in {\mathcal {B}}$$

B
∈
B

. In this paper, we study cross-intersecting families in the multi-part setting. By characterizing the independent sets of vertex-transitive graphs and their direct products, we determine the sizes and structures of maximum-sized multi-part cross-intersecting families. This generalizes the results of Hilton’s (J Lond Math Soc 15(2):369–376, 1977) and Frankl–Tohushige’s (J Comb Theory Ser A 61(1):87–97, 1992) on cross-intersecting families in the single-part setting.