bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical characteristics of fibrositis. II. A “Blinded,” controlled study using standard psychological tests
Authors: Clark Sharon , Campbell Stephen M. , Forehand Mary E. , Tindall Elizabeth A. , Bennett Robert M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwenty‐two patients with fibrositis and 22 control patients selected from a general medical outpatient population were given 3 standardized psychological questionnaires: the Beck Depression Inventory, the Spielberger State and Trait Anxiety Inventory, and the SCL‐90‐R. There were no statistically significant differences between fibrositis patients and control patients on any of these tests, a finding at variance with a commonly held belief that patients with fibrositis have an underlying psychological disorder. While psychological factors may be important in some patients with fibrositis, these results indicate that the presence of a psychopathologic condition is not mandatory for the persistence of fibrositis.
Juvenile primary fibromyalgia syndrome. A clinical study of thirty‐three patients and matched normal controls
Authors: Yunus Muhammad B. , Masi Alfonse T. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPrimary fibromyalgia syndrome (PFS) is a common and characteristic rheumatologic condition manifested by diffuse musculoskeletal aches, pains, and stiffness frequently modulated by various factors, e.g., weather, physical activity, sleep quality, and anxiety/ stress, and accompanied by discrete tender points at typical soft tissue sites. Although well‐recognized in adults, this entity has not been reported separately in juveniles. This study documents PFS in 33 juveniles who presented at age 17 or younger and compares their findings with those in age‐ and sex‐matched normal control subjects. As in adult PFS patients, associated non‐musculoskeletal symptoms were common, including fatigue, poor sleep, anxiety/stress, headaches, and paresthesias. Physical examination revealed multiple tender points at characteristic soft tissue sites and no objective evidence of arthritis. Routine laboratory test results were normal or negative. Juvenile PFS is often misdiagnosed. Recognition of this common rheumatologic condition in juveniles is important in order to avoid unwarranted investigations and improper management.
Immunogenetic studies of juvenile dermatomyositis. III. Study of antibody to organ‐specific and nuclear antigens
Authors: Pachman Lauren M. , Friedman Jan M. , Maryjowski‐Sweeney Mona L. , Jonnason Olga , Radvany Ruta M. , Sharp Gordon C. , Cobb Mike A. , Battles Norma D. , Crowe William E. , Fink Chester W. , Hanson Virgil , Levinson Joseph E. , Spencer Charles H. , Sullivan Donita B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNinety children with definite juvenile dermatomyositis (JDMS), who had been HLA typed, were tested for the presence of tissue or organ‐specific antibodies. Sixty had active disease at the time of study. The mean disease duration was 4 years, and 30 had soft tissue calcifications. The following autoantibodies were sought: thyroid, gastric parietal cells, smooth muscle, striated muscle, microsomes, mitochondria, DNA, extractable nuclear antigen, Sm, PM‐1, antinuclear antibody (ANA), and rheumatoid factor. Only the ANA and PM‐1 were more frequent in patients than in controls (P < 0.0002 and P < 0.001, respectively). Higher levels of immune complexes (P < 0.01) were found in sera from patients with JDMS than in sera from controls and were correlated with the presence of ANA in patients (P < 0.01). Soft tissue calcification was not associated with any autoantibody or HLA antigen, but with disease duration and activity (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, respectively). There was no association between the occurrence of any autoantibody and the presence of HLA‐B8 or DR3 among the white patients with JDMS. The frequency of autoantibodies in 43 full siblings of children with JDMS was not increased. We conclude that children with JDMS, with or without HLA‐B8/DR3, do not show evidence of a generalized nonspecific antibody response to tissue antigens. The significance of the increased antibody to nuclear antigens ANA and PM‐1 remains to be determined.
The diagnostic value of antihistone antibodies in drug‐induced lupus erythematosus
Authors: Epstein Alan , Barland Peter 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis study was undertaken to see whether the presence of antihistone antibodies, measured by indirect immunofluorescence assay, could distinguish between patients who were symptomatic from a drug‐induced lupus‐like illness (DILE) and asymptomatic patients who had drug‐induced antinuclear antibodies (DANA). In this study, 82% of the patients with DILE had antihistone antibodies detectable in their sera, compared with 32% of the patients in the DANA group (P < 0.01). When the patients taking procainamide were analyzed separately, it was found that 92% of the patients with DILE had demonstrable antihistone antibodies, contrasted with 33% of the patients in the DANA group (P < 0.01). In those patients with antihistone antibodies (DILE versus DANA patients), there were no differences in the mean antibody titers. We conclude that the presence of antihistone antibodies is strong, statistically significant evidence that the symptoms of a given patient are due to drug‐induced lupus erythematosus.
Soluble mediators from mononuclear cells increase the synthesis of glycosaminoglycan by dermal fibroblast cultures derived from normal subjects and progressive systemic sclerosis patients
Authors: Whiteside Theresa L. , Worrall Jennifer G. , Prince Robert K. , Buckingham Robert B. , Rodnan Gerald P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractDermal fibroblast cultures from patients with progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS) synthesize up to 5 times more glycosaminoglycan (GAG) than normal cultures. In an in vitro model of fibroblast‐lymphocyte interactions, we show that the supernatants of activated mononuclear cells (MNC) modulate GAG synthesis, as measured by the incorporation of 3H‐glucosamine into GAG following incubation of the confluent fibroblast monolayers with active supernatant preparations. GAG accumulation was selectively increased up to 18 times in normal dermal fibroblast cultures. Cell viability was not affected, and 3H‐thymidine uptake and cell numbers were depressed in cultures treated with the supernatants. In contrast to normal dermal fibroblast cultures, PSS fibroblasts responded to MNC supernatants by only a 1–2‐fold increase in GAG. Supernatants of concanavalin A‐activated PSS MNC had higher stimulatory activity than those of normal MNC. Supernatants made with MNC that had been depleted of monocytes on Sephadex G‐10 columns were only minimally stimulatory. The GAG‐stimulatory supernatants modulated the synthesis, but not the degradation of GAG. Gel filtration on a calibrated Sephadex G‐100 column indicated the presence of stimulatory activity in both the 50,000 and 15,000 molecular weight fractions. These activities were trypsin‐sensitive, but had different susceptibilities to heat. The active column fractions also contained interleukin‐1 activity, as shown in an assay measuring proliferation of mouse thymocytes. Like our factors, interleukin‐1 preparations increased GAG in normal and PSS dermal fibroblasts. Products of activated MNC may modulate normal and pathologic processes in human skin.
Prognostic factors in polymyositis/dermatomyositis. A computer‐assisted analysis of ninety‐two cases
Authors: Benbassat Jochanan , Gefel Dov , Larholt Keren , Sukenik Shaul , Morgenstern Vladimir , Zlotnick Avinoam 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAn effort was made to identify all patients with polymyositis/dermatomyositis (PM/DM) admitted to hospitals in Israel from 1956–1976. The diagnosis of PM/DM was retrospectively reviewed in 92 (46 definite, 26 probable, and 20 possible) cases. The most common complaints and physical findings in the course of the disease were muscle weakness (86 patients), rash (53 patients), arthritis or arthralgia (39 patients), and dysphagia (35 patients). Elevated serum aldolase levels were found in 64% of the patients for whom data were available; 92% had abnormal electromyogram results, and 60.9% had muscle histopathology consistent with PM/DM. Malignancy was diagnosed in 13 patients. Malignancy, ischemic heart disease, and pulmonary complications were the most common causes of death. The actuarial survival curve was heterogeneous, with an accelerated mortality during the first year after diagnosis and a slower mortality during the following 7 years. Independent unfavorable prognostic signs were: failure to induce remission, leukocytosis, fever, older age, a shorter disease history, and dysphagia.
Subset specificity of antilymphocyte antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus. Preferential reactivity with cells bearing the T4 and autologous erythrocyte receptor phenotypes
Authors: Yamada Akira , Cohen Philip L. , Winfield John B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe relative specificity of systemic lupus erythematosus antilymphocyte antibodies for T cell subsets bearing the OKT4, OKT8, or autologous erythrocyte rosette (A‐RFC) markers was examined in complement‐dependent microcytotoxicity assays and by indirect immunofluorescence. Target cells included normal OKT4 + or OKT8 + T cell clones established from mitogen‐activated blasts, resting or phytohemagglutinin‐activated peripheral T cells highly enriched for OKT4 + cells or OKT8 + cells, and A‐RFC + and A‐RFC– populations. In the majority of sera, cytotoxicity for T4 + cells was greater than that for T8 + cells regardless of cellular activation status. Overall cytotoxicity was considerably higher for activated cells, however, especially when warm assay temperatures were used. A‐RFC + targets were more reactive than nonrosetting T cells, and this was associated with strikingly higher relative fluorescence intensity of IgM staining. Despite these consistent differences in relative cytotoxicity or staining, antibody titers against all cell types were strongly correlated in individual sera. Absorption experiments failed to demonstrate distinct antibody specificities for T4 + and A−RFC + cells. These data suggest that the major determinant of cytotoxic reactivity may be a single or limited number of surface antigens common to all T cells. Superimposed on this dominant system(s) is a special reactivity with certain distinct subsets and with activated T cells generally.
Neonatal lupus erythematosus occurring in one fraternal twin. Serologic and immunogenetic studies
Authors: Callen Jeffrey P. , Fowler Joseph F. , Kulick Kevin B. , Stelzer Gregory , Smith Stephen Z. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNeonatal lupus erythematosus (LE) is a syndrome that is manifested by LE skin lesions and/or congenital heart block, occurring in infants at, or shortly after, birth. The syndrome is believed to be caused by transplacental passage of an IgG antibody, usually the anti‐Ro (SS‐A) antibody, from the mother to the infant. Although the mother may have a connective tissue disease or may be healthy, the common characteristic is the presence of maternal circulating anti‐Ro antibody. It has been believed that the HLA determinants demonstrated in children who have neonatal LE were not a factor in the expression of the syndrome. We report the occurrence of neonatal LE, manifested by photosensitivity and discoid LE skin lesions, in one fraternal twin. HLA studies of this affected twin demonstrated the presence of DR3. Anti‐Ro antibody was present in the mother, but was not present in either child at 4 months post‐delivery. HLA determinants may be involved in the expression of disease in neonates who have been exposed to the anti‐Ro antibody. Furthermore, the presence of circulating antibodies in the unaffected twin causes us to question the assumption that the anti‐Ro antibody is the causative factor for the occurrence of tissue injury in children with neonatal LE.
Double‐blind, multicenter controlled trial comparing topical dimethyl sulfoxide and normal saline for treatment of hand ulcers in patients with systemic sclerosis
Authors: Williams H. James , Furst Daniel E. , Dahl Stephen L. , Steen Virginia D. , Marks Carolly , Alpert Elaine J. , Henderson Avery M. , Samuelson Cecil O. , Dreyfus James N. , Weinstein Arthur , Maclaughlin Edmund J. , Alarcón Graciela S. , Kaplan Stanley B. , Guttadauria Maria , Luggen Michael E. , Reading James C. , Egger Marlene J. , Ward John R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA prospective, randomized, double‐blind trial compared topical therapy with 0.85% normal saline, 2% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and 70% DMSO for treatment of digital ulcers in 84 patients with systemic sclerosis. There were no statistically significant differences among the 3 treatment groups in the improvement in the total number of open ulcers, total surface area of open ulcers, average surface area per open ulcer, number of infected ulcers, number of inflamed ulcers, or patient pain assessment. While some patients improved during the study, improvement could not be attributed to a specific treatment. Over one‐quarter of the patients treated with 70% DMSO were withdrawn for significant skin toxicity.
Evaluation of factors associated with glucocorticoid‐induced osteopenia in patients with rheumatic diseases
Authors: Dykman Thomas R. , Gluck Oscar S. , Murphy William A. , Hahn Theodore J. , Hahn Bevra H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn 161 ambulatory rheumatic disease patients receiving long‐term prednisone therapy, diaphyseal mass (DM) and metaphyseal mass (MM) of the forearm were measured by single photon absorptiometry, and bone radiographs were reviewed when available. Multivariate analysis of treatment and patient characteristics demonstrated that glucocorticoid‐induced osteopenia (defined as an elevated DM:MM ratio) and bone fractures occurred with similar frequency in patients of each sex, in whites and blacks, in patients with various rheumatic diseases, and in patients receiving different regimens of prednisone therapy. However, large cumulative doses of prednisone were associated with elevated DM:MM ratios as well as with bone fractures, and menopause or age ⩾ 50 years (males or females) was associated with bone fractures. We conclude that longterm therapy with various prednisone regimens results in glucocorticoid‐induced osteopenia and fractures. This affect is cumulative, occurs in all patient groups, and results in more bone fractures in certain groups.
Evaluation of d‐penicillamine in juvenile chronic arthritis. A double‐blind, multicenter study
Authors: Prieur A. M. , Piussan C. , Manigne P. , Bordigoni P. , Griscelli C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSeventy‐four children with juvenile chronic arthritis were entered into a 6‐month, multicenter, comparative double‐blind study of the efficacy of D‐penicillamine versus placebo. The results were evaluated in 70 patients, 55 of whom completed 6 months of the study. Improvement was observed in the total number of stiff joints, total number of painful joints, and total severity index measuring joint pain. There was also a significant reduction in the concurrent use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. D‐penicillamine was well‐tolerated in all but 2 patients. Some children in the placebo group exhibited definite improvement; however, relapses that were observed were mainly in that group. These results confirm the efficacy of D‐pencillamine for the treatment of joint involvement in juvenile chronic arthritis.
Intraarticular volume and clearance in human synovial effusions
Authors: Wallis Wayne J. , Simkin Peter A. , Nelp Wil B. , Foster David M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIntraarticular volumes were measured by radiolabeled albumin (RISA) distribution in chronic knee effusions from 11 rheumatoid arthritis patients and 9 osteoarthritis patients. Volumes of synovial fluid obtained at joint aspiration were substantially less than those found by RISA dilution. Up to 24 hours was needed for full distribution of RISA throughout the intraarticular compartment. Measured 123I and RISA radioactivity over the knee described monoexponential rate constants, λ (minute−1). The clearance of 123I and RISA from synovial effusions was derived by the formulation volume (ml) × λ (minute−1) = clearance (ml/minute). RISA clearance in rheumatoid effusions was significantly greater than that found in osteoarthritis effusions. Intraarticular volume and isotope clearance were easily quantified and provide measures for further evaluating the microvascular physiology of synovial effusions.
Rheumatology training at internal medicine and family practice residency programs
Authors: Goldenberg Don L. , Dehoratius Raphael J. , Kaplan Stephen R. , Mason John , Meenan Robert , Perlman Susan G. , Winfield John B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe Medical Research Education Subcommittee of the American Rheumatism Association surveyed a random selection of large and small programs in internal medicine and family practice residency programs in order to evaluate their rheumatology training. Formal rheumatology training is offered in 90% of these residency programs, but many available positions are not being filled. A full‐time staff rheumatologist was present at 69% of large internal medicine programs, 32% of small internal medicine programs, and 11% of family practice programs. The methods of rheumatology training are similar in most programs, although small internal medicine programs and family practice programs more often utilize physicians' offices or outside medical centers for the rheumatology elective training. A majority of the directors of these residency programs thought that many basic skills and techniques were not taught adequately and that the training of their rheumatology residents was not equal to that of residents in cardiology or gastroenterology.
When does rheumatoid disease start?
Authors: Aho K. , Palosuo T. , Raunio V. , Puska P. , Aromaa A. , Salonen J. T. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractStored serum specimens collected in connection with a community‐oriented epidemiologic study were available from 30 subjects who later developed seropositive rheumatoid arthritis. In 9 of these pre‐rheumatoid specimens, the Rose‐Waaler test result was positive, and in 16, the latex fixation test was positive. Two‐thirds of the samples were positive when the interval between taking the blood specimen and onset of the disease was <4 years, and one‐third were positive when the interval was ≧4 years. The occurrence of rheumatoid factor preceded the onset of clinical disease more often in males than in females.
Synovial fluid crystals in osteoarthritis
Authors: Gibilisco Paul A. , Schumacher H. Ralph , Hollander Joseph L. , Soper Keith A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractApatite crystals, calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals, or both were observed in knee joint effusions from 60% of 100 consecutive osteoarthritis (OA) patients. Crystals were more common in patients with more severe OA and in joints that had received previous intraarticular steroid injections. Whether the latter was predominantly related to an effect of the steroid or to the fact that steroids were used in more severe cases was not clear. Crystals existed in many effusions without elevated synovial fluid leukocyte counts. A subgroup of 7 patients had both types of crystals, more crystal phagocytosis, and more severe OA.
A comparison of the specificity of the 1971 and 1982 American Rheumatism Association criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Passas Contance M. , Wong Robert L. , Peterson Margaret , Testa Marcia A. , Rothfield Naomi F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe specificity of the preliminary and the revised American Rheumatism Association criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was tested in 207 of our patients with other rheumatic diseases which were considered to be important in the differential diagnosis of SLE. Using the preliminary criteria, the data revealed that 5 patients were falsely classified as having SLE (2 with scleroderma, 2 with Raynaud's disease, and 1 with systemic necrotizing vasculitis), whereas using the revised criteria, only 2 patients (1 with scleroderma and 1 with systemic necrotizing vasculitis) were falsely classified. The calculated specificity was 99% for the revised criteria and 98% for the preliminary criteria. Thus, the data revealed that the specificity of the revised criteria is high and comparable with that of the preliminary criteria when applied to a group of patients with related rheumatic diseases.
Sex ratio and sibship size in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis kindreds
Authors: Aaron Stephen , Fraser Patricia A. , Jackson Jean M. , Larson Martin , Glass David N. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn a study of sibship size and sex ratio in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, the anticipated sex ratios, including a marked female predominance in early onset pauciarticular disease and in polyarticular disease, were found. The size of the sibship showed a progressive increase with increasing age of the proband at onset of disease. In addition, the sex ratios of the sibs deviated from expected, among families where the proband's disease was characterized as either early onset pauciarticular or polyarticular in its presentation.
Antineuronal antibodies in neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: How Angela , Dent Peter B. , Liao Shuen‐Kuei , Denburg Judah A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe diagnosis of neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NP‐SLE) is clinical and one of exclusion. Brain cross‐reactive lymphocytotoxins or neuronal antibodies have been proposed as a mechanism underlying NP‐SLE. We assessed the clinical relevance of neuronal cell binding antibodies using a standardized clinical definition of NP‐SLE. Serum from 54 SLE patients and 77 controls were tested for binding to 3 neuroblastoma and 3 glioblastoma cell lines. Thirty‐three SLE patients (61%) fulfilled clinical criteria for the diagnosis of NP‐SLE; of these, 55% had serum binding activity to both neuroblastoma and glioblastoma cell lines, compared with 33% of the other SLE patients. When reactivity to neuroblastoma cell lines only was assessed, 43% of NP‐SLE patient sera demonstrated binding activity, versus 14% of sera from the remaining SLE patients. Control subjects' reactivity to neuroblastoma cell lines was positive in 12% of sera. Analysis of serum reactivity using non‐neuronal cell lines revealed that neuroblastoma, but not glioblastoma, cell binding was specific. NP‐SLE patients with evidence of diffuse symptomatology had a higher mean titer of neuroblastoma cell line binding than those with focal symptomatology. Using a panel of substrates, one can identify a significant proportion of patients who are independently defined as having NP‐SLE, who demonstrate specific serum neuronal antibodies.
Phosphorylation of proteoglycans. Identification of phosphorylation sites in chondroitin sulfate‐rich region of core protein
Authors: Anderson Roger S. , Schwartz Edith R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSerine residues, which are the sites of phosphorylation in proteoglycans, were demonstrated to be located on chondroitin sulfate–containing peptides. These peptides appeared to be derived primarily from the chondroitin sulfate–rich region of the proteoglycan core protein. The localization of phosphate moieties in the chondroitin sulfate–containing peptides was observed in all experiments. The phosphate moieties were retained on chondroitin sulfate–containing peptides after the protein core was treated with either papain or trypsin. Two phosphopeptide preparations, derived from chondroitin sulfate–containing peptides of proteoglycan subunits, were extensively purified. These 2 phosphopeptide preparations were shown by carbohydrate analysis to be free of keratan sulfate–containing peptides or peptides from the hyaluronic acid binding region of the core protein. One of the phosphopeptide preparations had a phosphate: serine molar ratio of 0.40. This indicated that nearly one‐half of the serine residues were phosphorylated rather than glycosylated. Peptides derived from the core protein that contained keratan sulfate had no phosphate moieties.