bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immunoregulatory effects of allogeneic mixed chimerism induced by nonmyeloablative bone marrow transplantation on chronic inflammatory arthritis and autoimmunity in interleukin‐1 receptor antagonist–deficient mice
Authors: Cho Seok Goo , Min So‐Youn , Park Min Jung , Lee Kyung Wha , Cho Young‐Gyu , Cho Mi‐La , Chang Hong Seok , Park Se‐Ho , Lee Jong Wook , Min Woo Sung , Kim Chun Choo , Kim Ho‐Youn 
Published: May 2006

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the immunoregulatory effects of allogeneic mixed chimerism induced by T cell–depleted, nonmyeloablative bone marrow transplantation (BMT) on chronic inflammatory arthritis and autoimmunity in mice deficient in interleukin‐1 receptor antagonist (IL‐1Ra).MethodsIL‐1Ra−/− mice (H‐2Kd) were treated with antibody to asialoganglioside GM1 (anti–natural killer cell), total body irradiation (500 cGy), and T cell–depleted, nonmyeloablative BMT derived from C57BL/6 mice (H‐2Kb). Engraftment and chimerism were evaluated in peripheral blood, lymph nodes, and spleen by multicolor flow cytometry. The severity of arthritis was evaluated by clinical scoring and histopathologic assessment. Levels of IgG1 and IgG2a subtypes of anti–type II collagen (anti‐CII) antibodies were measured in serum samples. After T cells were stimulated with CII, ovalbumin, and phytohemagglutinin, T cell proliferative responses and levels of cytokine production (interferon‐γ [IFNγ], tumor necrosis factor α [TNFα], interleukin‐10 [IL‐10], and IL‐17) were assayed in culture supernatants.ResultsAll IL‐1Ra−/− mice receiving BMT showed marked improvement in arthritis within 3 weeks, as well as successful induction of mixed chimerism. These mice showed higher levels of IgG1, and lower levels of IgG2a anti‐CII antibodies and weaker T cell proliferative responses than did mice in the control groups (either no treatment or conditioning alone without bone marrow rescue). In mixed chimeras, the levels of IFNγ, TNFα, and IL‐17 produced from CII‐stimulated T cells were significantly suppressed and IL‐10 production was significantly higher as compared with controls.ConclusionThe introduction of allogeneic mixed chimerism showed a strong immunoregulatory potential to correct established chronic inflammatory arthritis and autoimmunity originating from a dysregulated proinflammatory cytokine network.
Immunohistochemical analysis of hip arthritis in ankylosing spondylitis: Evaluation of the bone–cartilage interface and subchondral bone marrow
Authors: Appel Heiner , Kuhne Maren , Spiekermann Simone , Köhler Dorothee , Zacher Josef , Stein Harald , Sieper Joachim , Loddenkemper Christoph 
Published: May 2006

AbstractObjectivePrevious histopathologic and magnetic resonance imaging studies suggest that the subchondral bone marrow might be the primary site of inflammation in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and that this might be reflected by inflammation found in hip joints. The aim of this study was to conduct an immunohistologic assessment of the bone–cartilage interface and subchondral bone marrow in AS patients with hip arthritis.MethodsWe collected femoral heads from patients with AS, osteoarthritis (OA), and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who were undergoing hip replacement. The subchondral bone marrow and bone–cartilage interface were assessed immunohistochemically by evaluating infiltrating T cells, microvessel density, and osteoclasts. Areas of the femoral head surface with and without cartilage were assessed separately.ResultsAt sites with surface cartilage, we found subchondral infiltration of CD3+ T cell aggregates at significantly higher numbers in AS patients as compared with OA patients, but not RA patients. At sites of complete cartilage destruction, the frequency of CD3+ T cell aggregates was significantly reduced as compared with sites with cartilage on the surface in AS patients, but not in RA patients. Similar differences were found for CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Only at sites with surface cartilage, but not those without, angiogenesis and osteoclastic foci in the subchondral bone marrow in AS patients were significantly increased as compared with RA patients and with OA patients.ConclusionThese findings suggest that the subchondral bone marrow and bone–cartilage interface are primary sites of inflammation in AS and that cartilage might be necessary for the induction of inflammation.
Influence of physicochemical properties of laser‐modified polystyrene on bovine serum albumin adsorption and rat C6 glioma cell behavior
Authors: Wang Xuefeng , Ohlin C. André , Lu Qinghua , Hu Jun 
Published: May 2006

AbstractBiomaterial surface modification is an efficient way of improving cell‐material interactions. In this study, sub‐micrometer laser‐induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) were produced on polystyrene by laser irradiation. FT‐IR analysis confirmed that this treatment also led to surface oxidation and anisotropic orientation of the produced carbonyl groups. As a consequence, the surface energy of the laser‐treated polystyrene was 1.45 times that of the untreated polystyrene, as measured by contact‐angle goniometry. Protein adsorption and rat C6 glioma cell behavior on the two substrates were investigated, showing that the changed physicochemical properties of laser‐modified polystyrene surface led to an increase in the quantity of adsorbed bovine serum albumin and significantly affected the behavior of rat C6 glioma cells. In the early stages of cell spreading, cells explored their microenvironment using filopodium as the main sensor. Moreover, cells actively aligned themselves along the direction of LIPSS gradually and cell attachment and proliferation were significantly enhanced. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2006
A multiple time step algorithm compatible with a large number of distance classes and an arbitrary distance dependence of the time step size for the fast evaluation of nonbonded interactions in molecular simulations
Authors: Kräutler Vincent , Hünenberger Philippe H. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractA new algorithm is introduced to perform the multiple time step integration of the equations of motion for a molecular system, based on the splitting of the nonbonded interactions into a series of distance classes. The interactions between particle pairs in successive classes are updated at a progressively decreasing frequency. Unlike previous multiple time‐stepping schemes relying on distance classes, the present algorithm sorts interacting particle pairs by their next update times rather than by their update frequencies. For this reason, the proposed scheme is extremely flexible with respect to the number of classes that can be employed (up to hundred or more) and the distance dependence of the relative time step size (arbitrary integer function of the distance). It can also easily be adapted to classes defined based on a criterion other than the interparticle distance (e.g., interaction magnitude). Different variants of the algorithm are tested in terms of accuracy and efficiency for simulations of a pure water system (6167 molecules) under truncated‐octahedral periodic boundary conditions, and compared to the twin‐range method standardly used with GROMOS96 (short‐ and long‐range cutoff distances of 0.8 and 1.4 nm, pair list and intermediate‐range interactions updated every five steps). In particular, multiple time‐stepping schemes with an accuracy comparable to that of the twin‐range method can be designed, that permit to increase the effective (long‐range) cutoff distance from 1.4 to 3.0 nm with a performance loss of only about a factor 2. This result is quite encouraging, considering the benefits of doubling the cutoff radius in the context of (bio‐)molecular simulations. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 27: 1163–1176, 2006
Advanced approach for intraoperative MRI guidance and potential benefit for neurosurgical applications
Authors: Busse Harald , Schmitgen Arno , Trantakis Christos , Schober Ralf , Kahn Thomas , Moche Michael 
Published: May 2006

AbstractPurposeTo present an advanced approach for intraoperative image guidance in an open 0.5 T MRI and to evaluate its effectiveness for neurosurgical interventions by comparison with a dynamic scan‐guided localization technique.Materials and MethodsThe built‐in scan guidance mode relied on successive interactive MRI scans. The additional advanced mode provided real‐time navigation based on reformatted high‐quality, intraoperatively acquired MR reference data, allowed multimodal image fusion, and used the successive scans of the built‐in mode for quick verification of the position only. Analysis involved tumor resections and biopsies in either scan guidance (N = 36) or advanced mode (N = 59) by the same three neurosurgeons. Technical, surgical, and workflow aspects were compared.ResultsThe image quality and hand‐eye coordination of the advanced approach were improved. While the average extent of resection, neurologic outcome after functional MRI (fMRI) integration, and diagnostic yield appeared to be slightly better under advanced guidance, particularly for the main surgeon, statistical analysis revealed no significant differences. Resection times were comparable, while biopsies took around 30 minutes longer.ConclusionThe presented approach is safe and provides more detailed images and higher navigation speed at the expense of actuality. The surgical outcome achieved with advanced guidance is (at least) as good as that obtained with dynamic scan guidance. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Protective effects of solvent extracts from Taiwanese Agrocybe cylindracea strain B against DNA damage induced by environmental mutagens
Authors: Lin Shwu‐Yuann , Wang Lien‐Hui , Lee Huei , Chiang Ben‐Tzu , Tsai Shun‐Jen , Lin Meei‐Yn 
Published: May 2006

AbstractAntioxidant activity of a water extract from Agrocybe cylindracea strain B (ACB) against iron‐mediated lipid peroxidation has been demonstrated. In addition, the protective effect of water extracts from ACB (WAC) on hydroxyl radical‐mediated DNA strand breaks was better than that of the shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes). Therefore, we decided to investigate whether different solvent extracts from ACB (ACES) protect DNA against oxidative stress induced by environmental mutagens, such as cooking oil fumes (COF) and benzo[a]pyrene (BaP). Oxidative DNA damage and intercellular DNA migration (tail length) were quantified by determining the decrease of extracellular supercoiled (SC) plasmid DNA and by using the ‘comet assay’ in the human adenocarcinoma CL‐3 cell line, respectively. IC50 values of water, boiled water, methanol and acetone extracts from ACB were 108.97, 87.21, 970.52 and 1005.87 µg mL−1, respectively, for the decrease in cupric/COF‐mediated SC plasmid DNA damage. The boiled water extract has the best protective effect. The ethyl acetate and ether extracts did not inhibit plasmid DNA damage. By using the comet assay, IC50 values of the ether, methanol and acetone extracts from ACB were 672.95, 64.34, and 397.77 µg mL−1, respectively, for the decrease in COF‐mediated DNA migration in CL‐3 cells. The methanol extract had the best protective effect. However, water, boiled water and ethyl acetate extracts from ACB showed no protective effect on COF‐mediated DNA migration. These results indicate that the protective capacity of ACES on DNA damage induced by environmental mutagens is different in pUC18 plasmid DNA and CL‐3 cell DNA. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry
The p53 codon 72 polymorphism, sunburns, and risk of skin cancer in US caucasian women
Authors: Han Jiali , Cox David G. , Colditz Graham A. , Hunter David J. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThe p53 gene is involved in the control of cell‐cycle arrest and apoptosis. The germline Arg72Pro polymorphism alters the protein's biochemical functions, and may confer individual susceptibility to skin cancer. We evaluated the association of the Arg72Pro polymorphism with skin cancer risk among Caucasians in a nested case‐control study within the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) (219 melanoma, 286 squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and 300 basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and 874 controls). Compared to the Arg/Arg genotype, the Pro/Pro genotype had an OR of 1.57 (95%CI, 0.81–3.06) for melanoma risk, and an OR of 1.79 (95%CI, 1.01–3.17) for BCC risk. The positive association of the Pro allele with BCC risk was only limited to women with two or fewer lifetime sunburns (P, trend, 0.002; P, interaction, 0.02). No association was observed between the polymorphism and SCC risk. We also observed that the Pro allele was inversely associated with the risk of childhood sunburn among Caucasian participants pooled from four nested case‐control studies within the NHS. This study suggests that the Arg72Pro polymorphism may play a role in skin carcinogenesis. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Proteomic analysis of glutamine‐treated human intestinal epithelial HCT‐8 cells under basal and inflammatory conditions
Authors: Thébault Sandrine , Deniel Nicolas , Marion Rachel , Charlionet Roland , Tron François , Cosquer David , Leprince Jérôme , Vaudry Hubert , Ducrotté Philippe , Déchelotte Pierre 
Published: May 2006

AbstractGlutamine (Gln) promotes intestinal growth and maintains gut structure and function, especially in situations of injury and during inflammation. Several mechanisms could contribute to Gln protective effects on gut. Proteomics enable us to characterize differentially expressed proteins in tissues in response to modifications of the biological or nutritional environment. Gln effects on the human intestinal epithelial HCT‐8 cell line proteome were assessed under basal and proinflammatory conditions. The 2‐DE gels were obtained and compared. Proteins were identified by MS and using databases. About 1200 spots were detected in both 2‐ and 10‐mM Gln concentrations. Under basal conditions, 24 proteins were differentially expressed in response to Gln. Half of these proteins were implicated in protein biosynthesis or proteolysis and 20% in membrane trafficking. Under proinflammatory conditions, 27 proteins were up‐ or down‐regulated by Gln 10 mM. From these proteins, 40% were involved in protein biosynthesis or proteolysis, 16% in membrane trafficking, 8% in cell cycle and apoptosis mechanisms and 8% in nucleic acid metabolism. This study provides the first holistic picture of proteome modulation by Gln in a human enterocytic cell line under basal and proinflammatory conditions, and supports further evaluation of nutritional modulation of intestinal proteome in humans.
Proteomic analysis of factors released from p21‐overexpressing tumour cells
Authors: Currid Caroline A. , O'Connor Darran P. , Chang Bey‐Dih , Gebus Caroline , Harris Nathan , Dawson Kenneth A. , Dunn Michael J. , Pennington Stephen R. , Roninson Igor B. , Gallagher William M. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThe p21Waf1/Cip1/Sdi1 cyclin‐dependent kinase inhibitor is a key regulator of cell cycle progression and has also been observed to influence the expression of genes associated with several age‐related disorders. Previous work has shown that expression of p21 in tumour cells mediates an antiapoptotic and mitogenic paracrine effect, which is in contrast to the arrested state of p21‐expressing cells. Here, we have employed SELDI‐MS technology to characterise, at a proteomic level, factors released from HT‐1080 human fibrosarcoma cells displaying inducible p21 expression. Conditioned media from induced and noninduced cells were profiled on a range of diverse ProteinChip arrays and subjected to SELDI‐MS analysis. Evaluation of proteins binding onto IMAC, Q10 or CM10 surfaces led to the discovery of a number of putative p21‐regulated factors. We further validated three p21‐regulated proteins observed at 10.2, 11.7 and 13.4 kDa. Using Q Ceramic HyperD fractionation columns, we were able to selectively enrich for each of these three proteins. Subsequent SDS‐PAGE and MS analysis of tryptic digests identified the 13.4 kDa protein as cystatin C and the 10.2 kDa protein as pro‐platelet basic protein (PPBP). Judging by the apparent MW and the pI of the 11.7 kDa protein, we reasoned that it may be β‐2‐microglobulin, which was confirmed by subsequent identification. Increased levels of cystatin C and β‐2‐microglobulin in conditioned media from p21‐expressing cells was confirmed by antibody capture experiments using anticystatin C and anti‐β‐2‐microglobulin antibodies on preactivated PS‐20 arrays. Western blot analysis demonstrated increased expression of intracellular and extracellular cystatin C and β‐2‐microglobulin in p21‐expressing cells, compared to noninduced controls. Increased levels of PPBP were validated in cell lysates from p21‐expressing cells. The three secreted factors that we have identified in this study, have all been shown previously to have growth modulating effects and, as such, may contribute to the observed mitogenic and anti‐apoptotic paracrine activity of p22‐expressing cells.
Proteomic identification of a role for the von Hippel Lindau tumour suppressor in changes in the expression of mitochondrial proteins and septin 2 in renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Craven Rachel A. , Hanrahan Sarah , Totty Nick , Harnden Patricia , Stanley Anthea J. , Maher Eamonn R. , Harris Adrian L. , Trimble William S. , Selby Peter J. , Banks Rosamonde E. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThe von Hippel Lindau (VHL) tumour suppressor gene, VHL, plays a central role in development of sporadic conventional renal cell carcinomas (RCCs). Studying VHL function may, therefore, increase understanding of the pathogenesis of RCC and identify markers/therapeutic targets. Comparison of 2‐DE protein profiles of VHL‐defective RCC cells (UMRC2) transfected with control vector or wild‐type VHL showed differences in 30 proteins, including several novel changes. One of the findings confirmed by Western blotting was up‐regulation of the mitochondrial protein ubiquinol cytochrome c reductase complex core protein 2 following VHL transfection, a change that was also observed in two other cell line backgrounds. A marked decrease in expression of this and several other mitochondrial proteins was demonstrated in RCC tissues and using VHL‐transfectants, several were shown to exhibit VHL‐dependent regulation. Thus, VHL may contribute to the decreased mitochondrial function seen in RCC. A form of septin 2 down‐regulated following VHL transfection was also identified. Septin 2 was up‐regulated in 12/16 RCCs, while alteration of the form present was also observed in 1/3 tumours analysed. Thus, increased expression of septin 2 is a common event in RCC and protein modification may also alter septin 2 function in a subset of tumours.
Utah Medical Products Inc. and the FDA: Regulatory Dogma versus Flexible Interpretation
Authors: Burgess C. , McDowall R. D. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThis paper reviews the regulatory compliance background and the 2005 court case between the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and Utah Medical Products Incorporated which supported the company's and not the Agency's interpretation of 21 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 820, the Quality System Regulations (QSR). This is the first time that the Agency has lost such a court case; the key issues in the case are presented and discussed. The judgement also shows the value of re‐reading the regulations to interpret what is actually required rather than custom and practice. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bioanalytical quality assurance: concepts and concerns
Authors: Jones Anthony B. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThe BioAnalytical Specialty Section (BASS) of the Society of Quality Assurance is a group of Quality Assurance professionals who have an interest and expertise in assuring the quality of bioanalytical data. This paper presents an overview of the regulatory requirements for bioanalysis and some of the topics that have been discussed by the BASS group. This initial article will be followed by more specific articles that we hope will contribute to better understanding and consistency in the conduct, audit and reporting of bioanalytical studies. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Development of new hydrogen storage material FeTi(Ni) for improved hydrogenation characteristics
Authors: Singh Binod Kumar , Ryu Hojin 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThe present study deals with the hydrogen storage characteristics of a transition metal composition Fe0.5Ni0.5Ti1.3 synthesized by melting the metal powders in a previously outgassed graphite crucible using radio frequency (r.f.) induction furnace (12 kW) in an argon atmosphere. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) studies revealed that the as‐synthesized sample is multiphasic in nature and embodies FeTi, FeO and Ti phases. Microstructural features (SEM) signify the presence of secondary phases and cracks. The hydrogen storage capacity and kinetics determined at different temperatures were found to be 1.26 wt% at 350°C. Fe0.5Ni0.5Ti1.3 exhibits faster hydrogen desorption kinetic (5 × 10−4 m3 s−1 kg−1), which is about two times higher than that of the parent FeTi1.3. Thermodynamic parameters ΔH (change in enthalpy) and ΔS (change in entropy) were found to be −35.07 kJmol−1 and 72.07 Jmol−1 K−1 respectively. © 2006 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Energy model based loss‐minimized speed control of induction motor with a full‐order observer
Authors: Mannan Mohammad Abdul , Murata Toshiaki , Tamura Junji , Tsuchiya Takeshi 
Published: May 2006

AbstractIn this paper, a loss‐minimization algorithm is developed to achieve maximum efficiency in terms of slip frequency. The optimal value of slip frequency can be obtained by minimizing all controllable losses of the induction motor (IM). The ratio of magnetic energy converted to torque (WT) to magnetic energy stored in the rotating field (Wq) is defined in terms of slip frequency to obtain an error function that is used to design a controller to achieve the desired speed. Since the energy model of the IM can be expressed by the multi‐input and multi‐output (MIMO) system, an MIMO optimal regulator is proposed to achieve the desired speed with maximum efficiency. To design an optimal regulator, it is necessary to measure all state quantities. But WT and Wq cannot be measured directly. Therefore, a full‐order observer is proposed to estimate these state quantities. The gains of the observer system are calculated by using the pole placement technique. Consequently, the observer system becomes stable. The performance of the proposed controller and observer system are verified by using simulation. With regard to the simulation results, it can be concluded that the desired speed can be achieved by using the proposed controller and the unknown state quantities can be estimated properly by using the proposed observer system. © 2006 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Propagation characteristics of a positive surface streamer
Authors: Kumada Akiko , Fukuda Yoshinori , Kamada Yoshifumi , Hidaka Kunihiko 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThe potential distribution of a developing positive surface streamer was measured by the Pockels effect. The transient potential distribution along a linear path was measured at minimum resolutions of 20 µm and 2 ns. Additionally, velocity of a streamer, average electric field along a streamer, and the developing length were measured while changing the insulator thickness from 0.8 to 5.0 mm. The potential along a positive surface streamer decreases linearly with the distance from the high‐potential electrode, and its gradient is about 500–650 V/mm, which is independent of the inception voltage and the insulator thickness. © 2006 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.