bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Salivary testosterone levels in women with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Navarro Miguel A. , Vidaller Antonio , Ortolá Juan B. , Bonnin Maria R. , Pac Maria V. , Moga Isabel 
Published: March 2007

AbstractObjective. To measure salivary testosterone in women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Methods. We investigated concentrations of salivary testosterone in 13 women with active SLE and 47 women with inactive SLE, and in 72 healthy female controls.Results. We found a significant decrease in salivary testosterone concentrations in glucocorticoid‐treated SLE patients (mean ± SD 0.06 ± 0.04 nmoles/liter) but no differences in concentrations in untreated patients (0.09 ± 0.03 nmoles/liter), compared with the healthy controls (0.11 ± 0.04 nmoles/liter).Conclusion. Glucocorticoid treatment appears to cause a decrease in the salivary testosterone level. Measurement of salivary testosterone is a simple way of monitoring androgen metabolism in patients with SLE.
Self-reported dark red bleeding as a marker comparable with occult blood testing in screening for large bowel neoplasms
Authors: Silman A J , Mitchell Patricia , Nicholls R J , Macrae F A , Leicester R J , Bartram C I , Simmons M J , Campbell P D J , Hearn C E D , Constable P J 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
The study was designed to determine the prevalence of large bowel symptoms in an adult working population and to assess their value in screening for large bowel neoplasms. A symptom questionnaire was sent to workers in two large organizations and the results were compared with faecal occult blood testing in the same individuals using Haemoccult (Eaton Laboratories). Completed symptom questionnaires and Haemoccult test kits were returned by 916 out of a total of 1805 employees over the age of 40 (compliance 50.7 per cent). Twenty-eight (3.1 per cent) were Haemoccult positive and 114 (12.4 per cent) had one or more symptoms. All positives (129 persons) were examined by flexible sigmoidoscopy and barium enema. No cancer was found but 7 patients with adenomas greater than 10 mm diameter were discovered. Each of the 7 patients reported at least one symptom (dark red bleeding in 4, bright red bleeding in 2 and diarrhoea in 1) and 6 were Haemoccult positive. There was no individual with a Haemoccult positive adenoma without symptoms. Predictive values for adenomas over 10 mm for Haemoccult positive tests (21 per cent), self-reported dark bleeding (16 per cent) and diarrhoea (17 per cent), were significantly higher than for other symptoms. The predictive value rose significantly to 46 per cent for Haemoccult-positive patients who in addition had at least one symptom (P &lt; 0.05) and to 57 per cent for Haemoccult positive with dark bleeding. These combinations of Haemoccult- and symptom-positive results increased the specificity of 97.6 per cent for Haemoccult alone to values over 99 per cent without reducing sensitivity. These results indicate first that occult blood testing may not be identifying ‘asymptomatic’ cases as often as has been presumed by others. Second, the addition of self-reported large bowel symptoms improves the performance of Haemoccult as a screening test. Finally, the presence of dark red bleeding, which can be ascertained using a symptom questionnaire, has a predictive value for adenomas over 10 mm, comparable with Haemoccult and thus may have a separate role in screening.
Donor‐Functionalized Polydentate Pyrylium Salts and Phosphinines: Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and Photophysical Properties
Authors: Müller Christian , Wasserberg Dorothee , Weemers Jarno J. M. , Pidko Evgeny A. , Hoffmann Sandra , Lutz Martin , Spek Anthony L. , Meskers Stefan C. J. , Janssen René A. J. , van Santen Rutger A. , Vogt Dieter 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA series of donor‐functionalized pyrylium salts have been prepared by classical condensation reactions which were further converted into the corresponding thienyl‐ and pyridyl‐substituted polydentate λ3‐phosphinines by reaction with P(SiMe3)3. Further chemical modification of these phosphorus heterocycles with Hg(OAc)2 in the presence of methanol resulted in the formation of λ5‐phosphinines. The photophysical properties of a selected series of thienyl‐ and pyridyl‐functionalized pyrylium salts, λ3‐ and λ5‐phosphinines, were investigated and the results compared and supported by theoretical calculations on the DFT level. Significant fluorescence was observed for the pyrylium salts and λ5‐phosphinines. In contrast, the heteroaromatic substituted λ3‐phosphinines show very little emission which is consistent with the low oscillator strength predicted by DFT calculations for this π→π* transition. Furthermore, all three classes of compounds show readily observable phosphorescence in solution, which was determined by time‐gated detection at low temperature.
Solitary fibrous tumor of the lung: A case report with a study of the aspiration biopsy, histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and autopsy findings
Authors: Baliga Mithra , Flowers Rhyne , Heard Ken , Siddiqi Anwer , Akhtar, Israh 
Published: March 2007

AbstractSolitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm of ubiquitous location. In addition to its classic presentation as a pleural‐based mass, it can be encountered in a variety of other sites. A pleural‐based lung lesion can be easily accessed by radiologic guidance for cytologic study. Several reports have described the cytologic findings of SFT at various locations, including the lung. However, diagnostic difficulties can occur due to unusual clinical, radiologic, atypical cytomorphologic, and histologic features. We describe a case of intrapulmonary SFT in which a false‐positive malignant diagnosis was rendered on fine‐needle aspiration biopsy and concurrent surgical core biopsy prior to radiofrequency ablation. The patient died of procedural complications, and an autopsy was performed. Retrospective study of the case, especially correlation of cytologic, histologic, autopsy findings, and immunohistochemistry results were helpful in correctly diagnosing the case as SFT. We are reporting this case with emphasis on avoiding diagnostic pitfalls by being familiar with the accepted cytohistologic features and appropriate immunohistochemical results. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2007;35:239–244. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Implementation of the ThinPrep® imaging system in a high‐volume metropolitan laboratory
Authors: Miller Fern S. , Nagel Lynn E. , Kenny‐Moynihan Mary B. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe Papanicolaou test has proven to be the most effective cancer screening test ever developed. However, with a declining number of skilled cytotechnologists, there is an increased need for computer assistance in cervical cancer screening. The ThinPrep® Imaging System (Cytyc Corporation, Marlborough, MA) is a unique system that combines computer imaging technology and human interpretive expertise in the review of ThinPrep Pap test slides. The purpose of this study is to report on the introduction and validation of this technology and present data related to the performance and productivity in our laboratory.Following completion of the ThinPrep Imaging System validation protocol, all imaged ThinPrep Pap test results were tracked and compared with year‐2003 manually screened results to identify whether the Imaging System was effective in aiding human interpretive skills. Cases rescreened in the 10% random quality control (QC) program from the negative population that showed abnormal cells consistent with low‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) and above were compared with imaged versus nonimaged cases to establish an estimated laboratory false‐negative (F/N) rate.The study compared results of 82,063 manually screened ThinPrep Pap tests in 2003 with 84,473 imaged ThinPrep Pap tests in 2004. Results demonstrated a significant increase in LSIL (37%) and high‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) (42%) detection on the Imager cohort. The F/N rate was reduced by half.The evaluation period after validation of the Imager showed a significant increase in LSIL and HSIL detection with the ThinPrep Imaging System compared to manual screening. These results demonstrate that the Imager has the potential to allow the cytotechnologists to detect more disease and reduce the false‐negative rate for the laboratory. Although not evaluated in this study, cytotechnologists reported increased job satisfaction. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2007;35:213–217. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Structure‐function relationship and immunochemical mapping of external and intracellular antigenic sites on the lymphocyte activation inducer molecule, AIM/CD69
Authors: Sánchez‐Mateos Paloma , Sánchez‐Madrid Francisco 
Published: March 2007

AbstractHuman activation inducer molecule (AIM/CD69), a dimeric glycoprotein structure of 33 and 27 kDa, is the earliest inducible cell surface antigen expressed during lymphocyte activation and is implicated in the induction of T and B cell proliferative responses. Cross‐competition monoclonal antibodies (mAb) binding assays have allowed the definition of four antigenic epitopes. Three of them (antigenic sites El‐3) are extracellular while the fourth (site I) is a sequential epitope localized intracellularly and highly conserved interspecies. Site E1 is shown to be an immunodominant antigenic determinant closely related to a functional domain of AIM important for triggering of T cell proliferation. Studies of peptide fragmentation of the two isolated AIM subunits with different proteases have demonstrated that both AIM chains are differentially glycosylated forms of a single 24‐kDa core protein. Moreover, the two denatured and isolated AIM chains share common epitope(s) as demonstrated by their reactivity with an mAb by both Western blot analysis and immunoprecipitation of the separated AIM subunits. Biosynthesis studies revealed the rapid appearance of two intermediate precursor forms of 29 and 26 kDa which arise from the 24‐kDa unglycosylated AIM polypeptide. This 24‐kDa unglycosylated form could be also precipitated from iodinated cells pretreated with tunicamycin, indicating that glycosylation of the protein was neither required for AIM cell surface expression nor for acquisition of external epitopes E1‐E3. Cell treatment with pronase resulted in the loss of the external epitopes E1‐3 and the generation of a proteolytic peptide of 16 kDa that could be precipitated by the anti‐AIM mAb specific for the internal site I. This proteolytic fragment retained the transmem‐brane and cytoplasmic regions of the molecule where both epitope I and phosphorylation sites reside. These results demonstrate that AIM is an integral membrane homodimeric glycoprotein with a large cytoplasmic domain probably involved in the activation signals transduced through this molecule to lymphocytes.
Diversity of immunoglobulin heavy chain gene segment rearrangement in B lymphoblastoid cell lines from X‐linked agammaglobulinemia patients
Authors: Timmers Erik , Kenter Marcel , Thompson Allan , Kraakman Margriet E. M. , Berman Jeffrey E. , Alt Frederick W. , Schuurman Ruud K. B. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractX‐linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) is characterized by an arrest in early B lymphocyte differentiation. Precursor B cells are present in the bone marrow (BM), whereas peripheral blood B cell numbers are severely decreased. A series of Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV)‐transformed B lymphoblastoid cell lines (BLCL) was established from peripheral blood of three XLA patients belonging to one pedigree. These BLCL manifested productive VHDJH rearrangements and a random utilization of the VH families. The CDR3 regions of the rearrangements varied in length from 12 to 47 nucleotides and included N regions in all cases. The results supported the conclusion that the few B lymphocytes in peripheral blood of XLA patients exhibit all mechanisms that generate immunoglobulin (Ig) heavy (H) chain diversity. However, no evidence for somatic mutation was found. Within the VH3 family 50% of the expressed VH4 gene segments belonged to a single subgroup and within the VH4 family a preferential utilization of one VH4 gene element was observed. The utilization of H chain joining (HH) elements was biased to JH4 and JH6 and a high percentage of the CDR3 regions was found to be generated by unconventional mechanisms, such as multiple D usage and the fusion of D elements to D segments with irregular recombination recognition signals. These unique features of the recombined and expressed VHDJH regions in XLA may explain the inability of XLA patients to respond to a variety of antigens. Alternatively, they could be secondary to a B lymphocyte maturation defect in XLA.
The B cell antigen receptor of class IgD can be expressed on the cell surface in two different forms
Authors: Wienands Jürgen , Reth Michael 
Published: March 2007

AbstractMembrane‐bound immunoglobulins of the IgM and IgD class are expressed on the B cell surface in association with a disulfide‐linked heterodimer consisting of α and β subunits. While the α component of the IgM antigen receptor (IgM‐α, 34‐kDa) is encoded by the B cell‐specific gene mb‐1, the gene coding for IgD‐α (35 kDa) has not yet been identified. We show here that the α component of the IgD antigen receptor is also encoded by the mb‐1 gene. The difference in molecular weight between IgM‐α and IgD‐α thus seems to be due to post‐translational modifications of the mb‐1 gene product. We also demonstrate that the previously described myeloma variant J558Lδm2.6 expresses an alternative form of the IgD antigen receptor, which does not contain an α/β heterodimer.
Chimeric mouse human IgG3 antibodies with an IgG4‐like hinge region induce complement‐mediated lysis more efficiently than IgG3 with normal hing
Authors: Norderhaug Lars , Brekke Ole Henrik , Bremnes Bjørn , Sandin Randi , Aase Audun , Michaelsen Terje E. , Sandlie Inger 
Published: March 2007

AbstractWe have altered the amino acid sequence of the hinge and the first constant domain (CH1) of mouse/human chimeric IgG3 antibodies by site‐directed mutagenesis, so as to make the sequences identical to those of IgG4. All the mutant antibodies with altered hinge region were more active in complement activation and complement‐mediated lysis than native IgG3. The mutations in CH1, however, did not alter the activity. This demonstrates the importance of the hinge region in modulating this effector function. The results show that the primary structure of neither CH1 nor the hinge of IgG4 is responsible for the lack of complement activation shown by this subclass.
Expression, function and regulation of the intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 (ICAM‐1) on human intestinal epithelial cell lines
Authors: Kaiserlian Dominique , Rigal Dominique , Abello Jacques , Revillard Jean‐Pierre 
Published: March 2007

AbstractWe have characterized the presence of the intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 (ICAM‐1) (CD54) on human intestinal adenocarcinoma cell lines as a nonreducible polypeptide of Mr 93 kDa, identified as a rhinovirus receptor. Expression of ICAM‐1 was positively correlated with enterocytic maturation, in that the percentage of ICAM‐1+ cells was highest in the most differentiated cell line Caco‐2. ICAM‐1 could be up‐regulated only on the less differentiated cell lines HT29 and T84 by phorbol 12‐myristate 13‐acetate and by the cytokines interferon‐gamma (IFN‐γ) and interleukin (IL) 1β. Enterocyte ICAM‐1 was involved in adhesion to activated T cells through binding to the leukocyte function associated antigen‐1 (LFA‐1). These data provide evidence that colon adenocarcinoma cell lines express functional ICAM‐1 sensitive to cytokine regulation. These findings support the hypothesis that lympho‐epithelial interactions involving the ICAM‐1/LFA‐1 pathway may be implicated in immunosurveillance of colon adenocarcinomas, inflammatory bowel disease and celiac disease, where increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines are locally produced within the gut mucosa.
Inhibition of immunological memory and T‐independent humoral responses by monoclonal antibodies specific for murine complement receptors
Authors: Wiersma Erik J. , Kinoshita Taroh , Heyman Birgitta 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe importance of the complement system for mounting an antibody response in vivo was investigated by down‐regulating and blocking the complement receptors (CR) in mice with three different monoclonal rat antibodies (mAb): mAb 8C12 recognized the C3b‐binding site of CR1, mAb 7G6 recognized another site of CR1 and the C3d‐binding site of CR2 and mAb 7E9 again recognized other epitopes on CR1 and CR2. We have earlier shown that 7G6, is the only mAb that completely suppresses the primary antibody response to horse erythrocytes. This antibody was also shown to suppress induction of immunological memory and a secondary, antibody response. In contrast to what seems to be the case for thymus‐dependent antibody responses, all three mAb could inhibit the antibody response to a thymus‐independent antigen, dextran B 1355S.
Expression and regulation of β7(βp) integrins on mouse lymphocytes: Relevance to the mucosal immune system
Authors: Kilshaw Peter J. , Murant Susan J. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA mouse lymphocyte surface molecule which is selectively expressed by mucosal T cells and detected with the monoclonal antibody (mAb) M290 has provisionally been identified as a β7 integrin. Identification was based on close homology of its β subunit at the N terminus with the recently reported, highly distinctive, human β7 sequence. mAb were prepared against the β and α subunits of the mouse molecule, termed β7 and αM290, respectively, and used to study surface expression of the two components. β7 was present on most lymph node lymphocytes in association with α4 rather than αM290. This integrin, β7α4, was shown to be identical to LPAM‐1 (βpα4) the Peyer's patch homing receptor. Stimulation in vitro of mouse lymph node T cells with anti‐CD3 in the presence of transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β increased β7 expression in about 40% of cells and changed the associated α chain from α4 to the novel αM290 subunit, which, in most cells, was expressed de novo. Immunoprecipitation of β7 both from these cells and from intraepithelial lymphocytes gave closely similar results and showed predominance of the β7αM290 integrin. It is suggested that in vivo this change in α‐chain usage occurs in mucosal T cells in response to TGF‐β acting in the mucosal microen‐vironment and that the new integrin confers particular adhesive properties, possibly homing specificity, on the cells.
Plasmodium falciparum merozoites primarily stimulate the Vγ9 subset of human γ/δ T cells
Authors: Goerlich Roland , Häcker Georg , Pfeffer Klaus , Heeg Klaus , Wagner Hermann 
Published: March 2007

AbstractPeripheral blood‐derived T cells from six unprimed caucasian donors were tested for the in vitro reactivity to Plasmodium falciparum merozoites (PFM). Without exception vigorous proliferative responses were observed within the donors tested. The frequency of PFM‐reactive T cells ranged from 1/150–1/300. Phenotypic analysis of peripheral blood lymphocytes cultured in the presence of PFM revealed the preferential outgrowth of γ/δ T cells, which represented within 7 days about 70% of the reactive T cell blasts. All reactive γ/δ T cell blasts displayed the Vγ9+ TcR phenotype. We conclude that human γ/δ T cells respond vigorously to PFM, and that this property is confined to Vγ9+ T cell subset.
The expression of human intercellular adhesion molecule‐2 is refractory to inflammatory cytokines
Authors: Nortamo Pekka , Li Rui , Renkonen Risto , Timonen Tuomo , Prieto Jacqueline , Patarroyo Manuel , Gahmberg Carl G. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe β2‐intergrin CD11a/CD18 binds to the intercellular adhesion molecules (ICAM)‐1 (CD54) and ICAM‐2. ICAM‐1 has a wide distribution, and its expression is up‐regulated by various cytokines. In contrast, ICAM‐2 has a more restricted distribution, and is mainly expressed on endothelial cells. In the present study we show that it is not induced by inflammatory cytokines or other treatments on any of several cells studied. Moreover, antibodies to the intercellular adhesion ligands were not able to block all CD11a/CD18‐dependent adhesion, indicating the presence of additional CD11a/CD18 ligands.
Preparation and Reactivity of Hydridorhenium Complexes with Polypyridine and Phosphonite Ligands
Authors: Albertin Gabriele , Antoniutti Stefano , Castro Jesús , García‐Fontán Soledad , Schipilliti Giorgio 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe hydrido complexes [ReH(Cl)(N–N)P3]BPh4 [P = PPh(OEt)2; N–N = 2,2′‐bipyridine (bpy), 5,5′‐dimethylbipyridine (5,5′‐Me2bpy), 1,10‐phenanthroline (phen)] have been prepared by allowing ReCl3P3 to react with the polypyridine in refluxing ethanol. The dihydrido [ReH2(bpy)P3]BPh4 complex has also been prepared by treating [ReHCl(bpy)P3]+ cation with NaBH4 in ethanol. Similarly, the hydrido tricarbonyl derivative [ReH2(bpy)(CO)3]BPh4 has been synthesized by allowing [ReH(bpy)(CO)3] to react with HBF4·Et2O. All complexes have been characterized spectroscopically (IR and NMR spectroscopic data) and the [ReHCl(bpy){PPh(OEt)2}3]BPh4 derivative by X‐ray crystallography. Protonation of both [ReHCl(bpy)P3]BPh4 and [ReH2(bpy)P3]BPh4 with HBF4·Et2O leads to the classical cations [ReH2Cl(bpy)P3]2+ and [ReH3(bpy)P3]2+, respectively. The vinyl complexes [Re{CH=C(H)R}2(bpy)P3]BPh4 (R = Ph, p‐tolyl, tert‐butyl) have also been prepared by allowing the dihydrido derivative [ReH2(bpy)P3]BPh4 to react with an excess of terminal alkyne in 1,2‐dichloroethane.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Advanced Procedure for the Preparation of cis‐1,2‐Dialkylcyclopropanols – Modified Ate Complex Mechanism for Titanium‐Mediated Cyclopropanation of Carboxylic Esters with Grignard Reagents
Authors: Kulinkovich Oleg G. , Kananovich Dzmitry G. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA procedure for the preparation of cis‐1,2‐dialkylcyclopropanols by titanium(IV) alkoxide‐mediated cyclopropanation of carboxylic esters with Grignard reagents, involving the addition of 1.5 equiv. of a higher homologue of ethylmagnesium halide to a mixture of 1 equiv. of carboxylic ester, 1 equiv. of titanium(IV) isopropoxide, and 1.5 equiv. of methylmagnesium halide in ether or tetrahydrofuran at room temperature, has been elaborated. This procedure minimizes the formation of secondary alcohol side products with chromatographic retention factors close to those of the cis‐1,2‐disubstituted cyclopropanols. Inhibitory action of carboxylic esters toward the reduction of titanium(IV) isopropoxide with Grignard reagents was observed. This observation, along with some other data, allowed us to suggest a modified ate complex mechanism for the cyclopropanation, proceeding via the corresponding octahedral titanium intermediates. In the context of this mechanism, a suitable explanation for the necessity to use an additional equivalent of Grignard reagent in a stoichiometric version of the reaction was found and experimentally verified. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)