bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding the perceived benefits, barriers, and cues to action for lung cancer screening among Latinos: A qualitative study
Authors: Alaniz-Cantú Edgar I. , Goodwin Kalese , Smith London , Acosta Eliany , Chávez-Iñiguez Arlette , Evans Mary Jo , Gaitán Marcela , Lei Fang , Yousefi-Nooraie Reza , Fiscella Kevin A. , Rivera M. Patricia , Cupertino Ana Paula , Cartujano-Barrera Francisco 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionRates of lung cancer screening among Latinos remain low. The purpose of the study was to understand the perceived benefits, barriers, and cues to action for lung cancer screening among Latinos.MethodsParticipants (N=20) were recruited using community-based recruitment strategies. Eligibility criteria included: 1) self-identified as Hispanic/Latino, 2) spoke English and/or Spanish, and 3) met the USA Preventive Services Task Force eligibility criteria for lung cancer screening. Interviews were conducted in Spanish and English, audio recorded, and transcribed verbatim. Using the health belief model, a qualitative theoretical analysis was used to analyze the interviews.ResultsParticipants’ mean age was 58.3 years old (SD=5.8), half of the participants were female, 55% had completed high school or lower educational level, and 55% reported speaking more Spanish than English. All participants were currently smoking. Fourteen participants (70%) were unaware of lung cancer screening, and eighteen (90%) did not know they were eligible for lung cancer screening. Regarding lung cancer screening, participants reported multiple perceived benefits (e.g., smoking cessation, early detection of lung cancer, increased survivorship) and barriers (e.g., fear of outcomes, cost, lung cancer screening not being recommended by their clinician). Lastly, multiple cues to actions for lung cancer screening were identified (e.g., family as a cue to action for getting screened).ConclusionsMost Latinos who were eligible for lung cancer screening were unaware of it and, when informed, they reported multiple perceived benefits, barriers, and cues to action. These factors provide concrete operational strategies to address lung cancer screening among Latinos.
The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of fentanyl administered via transdermal patch in horses
Authors: Reed Rachel A. , Berghaus Londa J. , Reynolds Rose M. , Holmes Brittany T. , Krikorian Anna M. , Sakai Daniel M. , Ishikawa Yushun , Knych Heather K. 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionUnderstanding the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of fentanyl in horses is crucial for optimizing pain management strategies in veterinary medicine.MethodsSix adult horses were enrolled in a randomized crossover design. Treatments included: placebo, two 100 mcg/h patches (LDF), four 100 mcg/h patches (MDF), and six 100 mcg/h patches (HDF). Patches were in place for 72 h. Blood was obtained for fentanyl plasma concentration determination, thermal threshold, mechanical threshold, heart rate, respiratory rate, and rectal temperature were obtained prior patch placement and at multiple time points following patch placement for the following 96 h. Fentanyl plasma concentration was determined using LC-MS/MS. Data were analyzed using a generalized mixed effects model.ResultsMean (range) maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), time to Cmax, and area under the curve extrapolated to infinity were 1.39 (0.82–1.82), 2.64 (1.21–4.42), 4.11 (2.78–7.12) ng/ml, 12.7 (8.0–16.0), 12.7 (8.0–16.0), 12 (8.0–16.0) h, 42.37 (27.59–55.56), 77.24 (45.62–115.06), 120.34 (100.66–150.55) h ng/ml for LDF, MDF, and HDF, respectively. There was no significant effect of treatment or time on thermal threshold, mechanical threshold, respiratory rate, or temperature (p &gt; 0.063). There was no significant effect of treatment on heart rate (p = 0.364). There was a significant effect of time (p = 0.003) on heart rate with overall heart rates being less than baseline at 64 h.ConclusionsFentanyl administered via transdermal patch is well absorbed and well tolerated but does not result in an anti-nociceptive effect as measured by thermal and mechanical threshold at the doses studied.
Working memory training improves episodic memory in older people: transfer based on controlled retrieval processes
Authors: Zamarreño Patricia , Mateos Pedro M. , Valentín Alberto 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionThe results of working memory (WM) training to improve episodic memory in older people are inconsistent. This inconsistency could be due to the fact that the episodic memory tests used do not share the same cognitive resources as the trained WM task. The aim of this study was to assess whether performance on an episodic memory test will improve only when this test requires controlled processes of retrieval of information from secondary memory or recollection, similar to the processes exercised during WM training.MethodFifty-five people over 60 years of age participated in the study: 27 were randomly assigned to the experimental group (EG) and the rest to the control group (CG). The EG was trained in complex span tasks. Before and after training, both groups were tested on episodic memory tests (a verbal and a visuospatial recognition test) and WM span tasks (reading, digit and spatial location).ResultsANOVAs revealed a greater improvement of recollection estimates in the EG than in the CG for both verbal recognition (p = 0.023) and visuospatial recognition (p = 0.014).DiscussionOur results provide support for a cognitive mechanism whose shared presence favored transfer from training on a WM task to a test of episodic memory. Consistent with our predictions, training on complex span tasks improved performance on recognition tests only when recall required a controlled search process in secondary memory, or recollection. We therefore stress the importance of identifying other cognitive resources that are susceptible to transfer from a training task to other untrained tasks. A better understanding of the phenomenon of transfer is crucial for the design of increasingly effective intervention programs for older people.
Word order and context in sentence processing: evidence from L1 and L2 Russian
Authors: Slioussar Natalia , Harchevnik Maria 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionIn this paper, we studied how native (L1) speakers of Russian and speakers of Mandarin Chinese learning Russian as a foreign language (L2) process Russian sentences with different word orders. We compared SVO (canonical) and OVS (non-canonical) orders in isolation and in context. Experiments focusing on the L2 processing of different word orders are still not very numerous, and those using context are extremely rare.MethodsIn Experiment 1, target sentences were presented in isolation. In Experiment 2, one-sentence contexts introduced one NP mentioned in the target sentence, either the first (so that given information preceded new information, which is characteristic for Russian and many other languages) or the second. As a result, two factors could be compared: the syntactic (word order) and the contextual (whether the context is appropriate from the information-structural perspective). We used different measures to capture online and offline effects: word-by-word reading times, question-answering accuracy and sentence rating on a 1 to 5 scale (for L1 participants).Results and discussionIn both experiments, RTs and question-answering accuracy data showed that non-canonical orders were difficult for L2 participants, but not for L1 participants. However, L1 participants gave non-canonical orders lower ratings in isolation, presumably because in naturally occurring texts, they are used only in particular contexts. As for the context factor in Experiment 2, some effects were the same for L1 and L2 processing: all participants read given NPs faster than new ones and preferred sentences with a ‘given – new’ word order. The latter may reflect the universal principles of narrative coherence. However, unlike native speakers, L2 readers are not sensitive to more subtle contextual requirements of different word orders.
Integrating gender expertise into the Canadian Armed Forces: challenges for change agents and culture change
Authors: Tait-Signal Victoria , Febbraro Angela R. 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionGender Advisors (GENADs) have played a key role in the efforts of military organizations worldwide to integrate gender perspectives, and culture change, within the defence and security context. Military organizations, however, continue to face challenges in regard to diversity and inclusion, including limited representation of women and other diverse groups who do not fit the white male, masculine stereotype, and subtle and overt expressions of prejudice and stigma towards under-represented and marginalized groups. In such an organizational context, the integration of gender perspectives has faced challenges, and transformative culture change has remained elusive. In particular, the experience of GENADs suggests that there may be unique challenges to serving as “gender experts” within military organizations. This paper, therefore, examines the lived experience of GENADs within the context of military organizations, as illustrated by GENADs in the Canadian Armed Forces.MethodsWe consider two qualitative studies on the lived experience of GENADs and focus on the shared theme of legitimacy of gender expertise at both individual and systemic levels.ResultsThis analysis highlights challenges that gendered power relations may pose for GENADs as individual change agents, and for systemic, transformative culture change, within existing military organizations, while reaffirming the importance of understanding the lived experience of GENADs in their pursuit of more equitable institutional and operational outcomes.ConclusionUsing social-psychological theories of tokenism, we consider more broadly what it means to be the gender person within masculinized military organizations and conclude with reflections on the potential contours of transformative culture change within the military context.
Positive effects of parent–child group emotional regulation and resilience training on nonsuicidal self-injury behavior in adolescents: a quasi-experimental study
Authors: Cheng Junxiang , Zhao Juan , Song Baoli , Han Hong , Liu Na , Chen Yangjie , Liu Xiaomei , Dong Yue , Bian Weina , Liu Zhifen , Han Shifan 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundNonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) among adolescents is a growing global concern. However, effective interventions for treating NSSI are limited.MethodA 36-week quasi-experimental study design of parent–child group resilience training (intervention group) for adolescents aged 12–17 years was used and compared with treatment-as-usual (control group). The primary endpoint was the frequency of NSSI assessed with the Ottawa Self-Injury Inventory (OSI), and the secondary endpoints were the levels of depression, hope, resilience, and family adaptability and cohesion as assessed by the 24-item Hamilton depression rating scale (HAMD-24), Herth Hope Scale (HHS), Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), and Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale, second edition (FACES-II-CV), respectively.ResultA total of 118 participants completed the trial. Both groups showed a significant reduction in NSSI frequency after 12, 24, and 36 weeks of intervention (p&lt; 0.05), although the intervention group did not differ significantly from the control group. After 12, 24, and 36 weeks of intervention, the CD-RISC, HHS, HAMD-24, and FACES-II-CV scores in the intervention and control groups improved over baseline (p&lt; 0.05). Furthermore, the intervention group had higher scores on the CD-RISC, HHS, and FACES-II-CV and lower scores on the HAMD-24 than the control group after 12, 24, and 36 weeks of intervention (p  &lt; 0.05).ConclusionParent–child group emotional regulation and resilience training showed promise as treatment options for NSSI among adolescents, leading to increased hope, resilience, and improved family dynamics among NSSI teens. Moreover, NSSI frequency significantly decreased in the intervention group compared to baseline.
AIP-based Professional Intervention Program for Adversity for trauma and stress reduction in groups: a pilot study in Ethiopia
Authors: Woldemariam Solomon , Ashman Dorothy , Carvalho Esly , Wong Sik-Lam , Hoersting Raquel 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionDrawing from the principles of EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) therapy and the AIP model, the Professional Intervention Program for Adversity (PIPA) was developed with the objective of amalgamating low-intensity group exercises into a unified framework, as a comprehensive intervention for group therapy. The PIPA Program integrates various aspects of EMDR therapy—such as stabilization, resourcing, desensitization, reprocessing, and forming beliefs about the self and future—into a cohesive program. The program’s structure includes self-regulation exercises, the Pillars of Life, the Flash Technique, and the Quadrants exercise.MethodsThe PIPA Program was administered to more than 220 individuals with a high probability of traumatization by the two-year civil war in Ethiopia (2020-2022).ResultsThe results of this study show a statistically significant improvement in PTSD symptoms on PCL-5 scores (from M = 38.58 to M = 20.59) after completing the entire PIPA Program and statistically significant lower SUDS scores within the program segments of the Flash Technique and the Quadrants exercises.DiscussionFuture studies should explore the long-term effects of the PIPA Program and its broader application across different therapeutic contexts. The findings suggest that the PIPA Program is a promising group-based intervention for trauma treatment that is safe and effective, especially in non-clinical settings and for culturally diverse populations.
Early predictors of intensive care unit admission among COVID-19 patients in Qatar
Authors: Abuyousef Safae , Alnaimi Shaikha , Omar Nabil E. , Elajez Reem , Elmekaty Eman , Abdelfattah-Arafa Eiman , Barazi Raja , Ghasoub Rola , Rahhal Ala , Hamou Fatima , Al-Amri Maha , Karawia Ahmed , Ajaj Fatima , Alkhawaja Raja , Kardousha Ahmed , Awaisu Ahmed , Abou-Ali Adel , Khatib Mohamad , Aboukamar Mohammed , Al-Hail Moza 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundCOVID-19 is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to explore the early predictors of intensive care unit (ICU) admission among patients with COVID-19.MethodsThis was a case–control study of adult patients with confirmed COVID-19. Cases were defined as patients admitted to ICU during the period February 29–May 29, 2020. For each case enrolled, one control was matched by age and gender.ResultsA total of 1,560 patients with confirmed COVID-19 were included. Each group included 780 patients with a predominant male gender (89.7%) and a median age of 49 years (interquartile range = 18). Predictors independently associated with ICU admission were cardiovascular disease (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.64, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.16–2.32, p = 0.005), diabetes (aOR = 1.52, 95% CI: 1.08–2.13, p = 0.016), obesity (aOR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.03–2.08, p = 0.034), lymphopenia (aOR = 2.69, 95% CI: 1.80–4.02, p &lt; 0.001), high AST (aOR = 2.59, 95% CI: 1.53–4.36, p &lt; 0.001), high ferritin (aOR = 1.96, 95% CI: 1.40–2.74, p &lt; 0.001), high CRP (aOR = 4.09, 95% CI: 2.81–5.96, p &lt; 0.001), and dyspnea (aOR = 2.50, 95% CI: 1.77–3.54, p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionHaving cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity, lymphopenia, dyspnea, and increased AST, ferritin, and CRP were independent predictors for ICU admission in patients with COVID-19.
Insulin resistance, C-reactive protein, diastolic to systolic blood pressure ratio and epicardial fat are related to sedentary time, and inversely related to physical activity in school-aged children
Authors: Vasileva Fidanka , Carreras-Badosa Gemma , Bassols Judit , Serrano-Ferrer Juan , Font-Lladó Raquel , López-Ros Victor , Osiniri Inés , Martínez-Calcerrada Jose-Maria , San Millán Marta , López-Bermejo Abel , Prats-Puig Anna 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundPhysical activity (PA) is beneficial for the overall health. Objectives are: (1) To compare metabolic (MRM) and cardiovascular-risk-markers (CRM) in children according to their PA-level; (2) to explore the associations of MRM and CRM with PA and sedentary time (ST); and (3) to identify the associations between MRM and CRM in less (LA) and more active (MA) children.MethodsA total of 238 apparently healthy school-aged children were enrolled (132 boys/106 girls; 9.1 ± 1.8 years) and body mass index standard deviation score (BMI SDS) and blood pressure were assessed. Fasting venous blood sampling was performed to assess insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and high-sensitivity-C-reactive protein (hsCRP). Epicardial fat, interventricular septal and left ventricular posterior wall thicknesses were assessed by high-resolution ultrasonography. PA and ST were assessed by enKid-questionnaire. Children were classified based on enKid-score as being LA and MA (below and above 50th percentile for PA).ResultsMA-children had lower values for: BMI SDS, diastolic-to-systolic blood pressure ratio, HOMA-IR and hsCRP (7.02 to 61.5% lower, p = 0.040 to p &lt; 0.0001) compared to LA-children. MRM and CRM were positively associated with ST (p = 0.003 to p &lt; 0.001), and negatively associated with PA (p = 0.044 to p &lt; 0.001). Finally, MRM were positively associated with CRM (p = 0.008 to p &lt; 0.0001). Interestingly, the latter associations were observed in LA-children but were not present in MA-children.ConclusionMore PA is associated with better cardio-metabolic profile in school-aged children. PA seems to modulate the associations between MRM and CRM, thus reinforcing the idea that fostering PA in children may lower the risk for development of a cardio-metabolic disease.
Between nature and culture – Interpreting students’ sexuality in physical education
Authors: Böhlke Nicola , Zander Benjamin , Rode Daniel 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionAs sexuality in physical education (PE) is often treated as a taboo subject, social media platforms, online chats, and internet forums are emerging as spaces where it is negotiated more openly and broadly by current and former actors of the field. This paper contributes to a better understanding of the discursive construction of sexuality in PE in such online communication.MethodsIn line with The Sociology of Knowledge Approach to Discourse (SKAD) we investigate basic schemes of interpretation of sexuality with a heterogeneous sample of threads (17 threads from seven different online forums) on different PE situations in Germany. The threads are analyzed using grounded theory coding procedures.ResultsOur discourse analysis reveals that the multifaceted and often controversial online discussions are structured by two dominant schemes of interpreting students’ sexuality in PE, both of which are differentiated in complex ways: The online communication draws on – and by that reproduces – a nature and a culture perspective on constellations of body, sex, gender, and sexuality. We detail how from each perspective, different knowledge about these constellations, different everyday phenomena and problems in PE, and different norms for dealing with these phenomena and problems become important.DiscussionDiscussing these results in the context of previous literature, we argue that it is important to address sexuality in a subject-specific approach and take the discursive knowledge and fundamental schemes of interpretation into account that shape the (im-)possibilities of addressing sexuality in PE.
A Community Information Model and Wind Environment Parametric Simulation System for Old Urban Area Microclimate Optimization: A Case Study of Dongshi Town, China
Authors: Huang Yanyan , Tu Ruixin , Tuerxun Wutikeer , Jia Xudong , Zhang Xu , Chen Xiaokang 
Published: March 2024

In the context of an increasingly extreme climate, Urban Heat Island (UHI) mitigation of communities through ventilation has recently attracted more attention. To explore the impact mechanisms of different morphological renovation schemes on its wind and thermal environment, this paper selected the Laozheng Community as a case study and: (1) analyzed measured data to quantitatively investigate the UHI within the community; (2) established the CIM-WTEPS system to construct community information models and to conduct wind environment parametric simulation for seven micro-renovation schemes across three levels; (3) performed correlation analyses between morphology indicators and wind environment indicators; (4) conducted the thermal environment parametric simulation of the community under different schemes. The results reveal that: (1) the Laozheng Community exhibits the Urban Heat Island Intensity (UHII) of up to 6 °C; (2) apart from the “ Hollowing “ scheme, which deteriorates the community wind environment, all other schemes optimize it, potentially increasing the average wind speed by up to 0.03m/s and in the renovated area by up to 0.42 m/s; (3) building density is highly correlated with the average wind speed and the proportion of calm wind area, with correlation coefficients of −0.916 (p < 0.01) and 0.894 (p < 0.01), respectively; (4) the adding of shading facilities can enhance the proportion of areas with lower Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) without adversely affecting the optimization effects of the wind environment, achieving an maximum increase of 3.1%. This study provides a reference for optimizing the community’s microclimate through morphological micro-renovations and detailed operations, aiding designers in better controlling community morphology for in future community renewal and design planning, thereby creating a more hospitable outdoor environment.
PERANAN DISIPLIN KERJA DAN PENGEMBANGAN KARIR TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PADA PT PLN PEMBANGUNAN SUMATERA UTARA
Authors: LIAM WI , Teng Sauh Hwee 
Published: March 2024

PT PLN Pembangkitan Sumatera Utara Medan, by reason of the selection of research objects due to the decreased employee performance in the company. Employee performance is a condition that indicates whether or not the employee is doing the work. This decrease in performance can be caused by work discipline and career development which is less suitable with the background of education level as well as position in work resulting in the occurrence of errors and boredom in work, the employee who often use the absent as a reason for saturation in the work so that violation of company regulations . The theory used in this research is Human Resource Management. This study aims to analyze how the influence of work discipline and career development of employees at PT PLN Pembangkitan Sumatera Utara. The research method used is descriptive quantitative with the nature of the research is explanatory. The analytical method used is multiple regression with the population used as many as 154 employees. Determination of sample used is sample saturated with amount of sample 154 employees and 30 employees of branch of PT PLN Sektor Pembangkitan Medan for validity test. The results showed that work discipline and career development simultaneously and partially significant effect on employee performance at PT PLN Pembangkitan Sumatera Utara and the coefficient of determination is 71%. So it can be concluded in this study that the work discipline and career development simultaneously and partially significant effect on employee performance at PT PLN Pembangkitan North Sumatra.