bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of immunoglobulins and complement in rheumatoid articular collagenous tissues
Authors: Cooke T. Derek , Hurd Eric R. , Jasin Hugo E. , Bienenstock John , Ziff Morris 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNinety‐three patients with a variety of joint diseases were studied for evidence of immune complexes in articular collagenous tissues. Frozen sections of freshly obtained biopsies of hyaline articular cartilage and menisci were stained with fluoresceinated monospecific antisera for evidence of human immunoglobulins (IgG, IgM, IgA) and the β1c component of complement. The criterion for the presence of complexes was the staining of two or more immunoglobulins and β1c in an identical location of sequentially cut sections. Of the 42 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) 83% were positive by this criterion. In those with classic RA the incidence was 92%. Sixteen patients with fresh joint trauma or nonarthritic disease had negative findings. Among 26 patients with noninflammatory disease, 4 of 8 with polyarthritis whose features suggested primary degeneration, 1 of 11 patients with secondary degenerative arthritis, and a single case of synovial osteochondromatosis had positive findings. Among 9 patients with miscellaneous inflammatory arthritides, all of 3 with psoriatic arthritis were negative; however 2 of 6 with other inflammatory arthritides were positive. The findings in classic RA suggest that immune complexes are deposited in the articular collagenous tissues. The persistence of these complexes may play a significant role in the chronicity of the synovitis.
Ultrasonographic demonstration of popliteal cysts in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Moore Charles P. , Sarti Dennis A. , Louie James S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractUltrasound scanning techniques detected popliteal cysts in 14 of 24 knees affected with rheumatoid arthritis and associated with an anterior effusion. Serial scans demonstrated the persistence of cysts when effusion was not controlled by intraarticular steroid and lidocaine, and regression of cyst following control of effusion with anterior synovectomy. As the technique is noninvasive, painless, and reproducible, ultrasound scanning should be the technique of choice for the detection and assessment of popliteal cysts.
Therapeutic studies in nzb/w mice. IV. Effect of combination drug therapy on immune complex deposition
Authors: Gelfand Michael C. , Schur Peter H. , Asofsky Richard , Steinberg Alfred D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAzathioprine, cyclophosphamide, and methylprednisolone given individually to NZB/NZW mice retard the development of autoimmune nephritis and prolong survival in these mice. Administration of the combination of all three drugs is superior to one or two drug regimens. In the present study the kidneys of mice treated with all single, double, and triple drug regimens were compared for the degree of deposition of immunoglobulin and complement. The triple drug regimen significantly reduced overall deposition of immunoglobulin and complement compared with any other regimen. Complement and γ2 were significantly reduced by triple drug therapy compared with any other regimen. The triple drug regimen reduced γ1 compared with untreated and double drug treated mice. The single, double, and triple drug regimens significantly reduced γM deposition to about the same degree. Deposition of γA was not significantly reduced by any regimen. Circulating levels of these immunoglobulin classes were not reduced, a fact suggesting that the reduction in autoimmune nephritis resulting from triple drug therapy is associated with superior reduction in immune complex deposition rather than with generalized, nonspecific immunodepression.
Cyclophosphamide protection in nzb/nzw disease. Mechanisms and therapeutic regimens
Authors: Morris Alan D. , Esterly James , Chase Gerald , Sharp Gordon C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRegular administration of cyclophosphamide to NZB/NZW female mice effectively protects against the nephritis that is thought to be a model for human SLE nephritis. Reductions in serologic, histologic, and immunofluorescent parameters of the disease are correlated. Intermittent as well as continuous administration of the drug is effective without the development of leukopenia. Possible mechanisms of drug action and a modified approach to therapy of immune complex disease are discussed.
Correlations between transaminase concentrations and serum salicylate concentration in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Miller John J. , Weissman David B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSimultaneous measurements of serum salicylate, SGPT, and SGOT concentrations were made on 92 children receiving salicylates for arthritis during a 13‐month period. Statistical correlations were found between salicylate and transaminase concentrations in patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis when in active stages. However elevated transaminase levels occurred with low salicylate levels and during inactive stages, and were inconstant in individual patients. Marked transaminase abnormalities were transient and appeared unpredictably in individual patients. Some factor in addition to salicylate concentration must be involved in raising serum transaminase levels. No evidence of chronic hepatotoxicity was noted.
Antibody‐mediated lymphocytotoxicity in rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Diaz‐Jouanen Efrain , Bankhurst Arthur D. , Williams Ralph C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractLymphocyte‐dependent antibody cytotoxicity (LDAC) was studied using peripheral blood and in some instances synovial fluid cells from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). No difference from normal controls was observed with peripheral blood lymphocytes from either RA or SLE. Marked decrement in LDAC effector cell activity was present particularly with RA synovial fluid cells. Sera from patients with RA or SLE as well as RA synovial fluids markedly inhibited LDAC.
Clinical evaluation of benzbromarone. A new uricosuric drug
Authors: Sorensen Leif B. , Levinson Dennis J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe long‐term efficacy and safety of benzbromarone were studied in 21 nontophaceous hyperuricemic men. Daily doses of 40 or 80 mg of micronized benzbromarone caused a rapid fall in plasma urate which was maintained throughout a study period that lasted up to 1 year. A concomitant marked increase in the clearance of urate indicated that benzbromarone is a potent uricosuric drug. Initial treatment was accompanied by transient hyperuricosuria, following which urinary uric acid reverted toward, but failed to reach completely, pretreatment values. Benzbromarone did not inhibit xanthine oxidase nor did it influence the activity of purine phosphoribosyl transferases. These observations suggest that benzbromarone has no direct effect upon purine metabolic pathways, but exerts its hypouricemic action solely by blocking tubular reabsorption of uric acid. Concomitant administration of aspirin interfered only slightly with the uricosuric properties of benzbromarone. No side effects directly attributable to the drug were observed.
Antigenic profile of the rat chondrocyte
Authors: Malseed Zoriana M. , Heyner Susan 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHetero‐ and alloantisera were obtained following hyperimmunization of nonsensitized New Zealand rabbits and dark agouti (DA) rats with washed chondrocytes which had been enzymatically isolated from the long bone cartilage of 17–19‐day‐old rat fetuses of the Fischer strain. Analyses of these antisera by PVP hemagglutination, dye‐exclusion cytotoxicity, and indirect immunofluorescence indicated the presence of major histocompatibility antigens, as well as tissue‐specific antigens on chondrocytes. Serologic specificity of reactions was demonstrated by serum absorptions and appropriate controls. These findings support previous work suggesting that chondrocytes are endowed with major histocompatibility antigens. The significance of these findings in relation to rheumatoid arthritis is discussed.
Cellular hypersensitivity in rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and anterior nongranulomatous uveitis
Authors: Thonar E. J‐M. A. , Sweet M. B. E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe humoral and cellular responses to normal human ocular and joint tissue antigens were studied in rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and anterior non‐granulomatous uveitis. No free‐circulating autoantibodies could be detected by hemagglutination, immunodiffusion, and immunofluorescence. Uvea‐retina, synovial membrane, and articular cartilage antigen preparations inhibited the migration of leukocytes from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. In ankylosing spondylitis inhibition could be induced only by synovial membrane antigens. Patients with anterior nongranulomatous uveitis were hypersensitive to uvea‐retina antigens alone.
Inhibition of denaturation of human gamma globulin by a mixture of l‐histidine, l‐cystine, and copper, and its clinical implication in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Gerber Donald A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA mixture of histidine, cystine, and copper mimicked gold thiomalate, N‐ethylmaleimide, and p‐chloro‐mercuribenzoic acid in inhibiting sulfhydryl‐disulfide interchange‐mediated denaturation of human gamma globulin, bovine serum albumin, and diluted human serum. Measurable inhibitory effects were obtained with a mixture of physiologic concentrations of L‐histidine, L‐cystine, and copper. This work suggests a mechanism by which the hypohistidinemia of rheumatoid arthritis could contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease.
Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy and rheumatoid arthritis. Simultaneous occurrence in association with diffuse interstitial fibrosis
Authors: Schechter Stephen L. , Bole Giles G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA patient is described who was treated with high‐dose prednisone in an attempt to halt progressive respiratory insufficiency associated with diffuse interstitial fibrosis. On cessation of steroid therapy the patient was noted to have radiologic manifestations of hypertrophic osteoarthropathy (HOA) as well as clinical and laboratory features of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Subsequently a diffuse vasculitis developed with bowel perforation and sepsis leading to death.
Lymphocyte response to mitogens in progressive systemic sclerosis
Authors: Salem Noel B. , Morse Jane H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractLymphocyte responses to the mitogens phytohemagglutinin P (PHA‐P), concanavallin A (Con A), and pokeweed (PWM) were studied in 18 patients with progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS). A subgroup of these patients with multisystem involvement showed a significantly decreased lymphocyte response to both Con A and PWM when compared to normal controls. However those PSS patients with myositis, although having multisystem involvement, had normal lymphocyte response to all three mitogens. PHA‐P stimulation was normal in all PSS patients. Antinuclear antibodies, elevated sedimentation rates, and positive latex fixation were noted only in the multisystem disease group with abnormal lymphocyte function.
Connective tissue synthesis by cultured scleroderma fibroblasts. I. In vitro collagen synthesis by normal and scleroderma dermal fibroblasts
Authors: Perlish Jerome S. , Bashey Reza I. , Stephens Ralph E. , Fleischmajer Raul 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe authors have been unable to demonstrate an increase in collagen synthesis by fibroblasts isolated from sclerodermatous skin. In order to elucidate this problem further, scleroderma fibroblasts were biopsied from upper dermis, from lower (including subcutaneous) dermis, and from adjacent clinically noninvolved skin. All cell lines failed to show a significant increase in collagen synthesis when they were compared to control fibroblast lines. One difference among them was that fibroblasts from involved areas showed a rate of collagen synthesis equal to or less than cells isolated from adjacent clinically noninvolved sites.
Secondary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy an unusual cause of arthritis in childhood
Authors: Petty R. E. , Cassidy J. T. , Heyn R. , Kenien A. G. , Washburn R. L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAlthough an uncommon occurrence in childhood, hypertrophic osteoarthropathy secondary to tumors—most commonly to osteogenic sarcoma with pulmonary metastasis—may cause severe joint pain and swelling. The syndrome should be considered in the differential diagnosis of acute arthritis in childhood.
Effects of certain antirheumatic drugs on normal human peripheral blood lymphocytes. Inhibition of mitogen‐ and antigen‐stimulated incorporation of tritiated thymidine
Authors: Panush Richard S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe effects of antirheumatic drugs on in vitro responses of normal human peripheral blood lymphocytes were examined and found to affect phytomitogen, antigen, and mixed lymphocyte responses. The drugs and concentrations (μg/ml) at which 50% inhibition (ID50) of phytomitogen stimulation occurred were acetylsalicylic acid, 80; phenylbutazone, 150; indomethacin, 250; sodium aurothiomalate, 200; hydroxychloroquine, 75; D‐penicillamine, 400; hydrocortisone, 50; naproxen, 350; and sodium meclofenamate, 175. Acetaminophen enhanced blastogenesis by 100% at 200 μg/ml, but was 50% inhibitory at 500 μg/ml. Other drugs had no effects. Numbers of viable cells in cultures with and without mitogens and drugs were generally similar at beginnings and ends of experiments. Stimulated cell cultures containing combinations of drugs exhibited greater inhibition than did cultures of individual drugs. Inhibition by drugs was greater when cells were cultured in medium alone than in medium with 20% plasma. Cells exposed overnight to phenylbutazone, indomethacin, sodium aurothiomalate, or sodium meclofenamate, then washed and stimulated, responded generally as well as did cells not exposed to drugs. Because some of these drugs exhibited effects at concentrations approaching therapeutic levels, these findings may be pertinent to clinical investigations of cellular immune responses of patients on drug therapy and to possible mechanisms of action for certain drugs.
Carrageenin‐induced arthritis. II. Effect of intraarticular injection of carrageenin on the synthesis of proteoglycan in articular cartilage
Authors: Gillard Gerald C. , Lowther Dennis A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAn inflammation of the periarticular tissue induced by the intraarticular injection of carrageenin caused a 40–75% decrease in the rate of proteoglycan synthesis in the articular cartilage. This decrease was determined both in vitro and in vivo. Provided that the collagen network of the cartilage was not disrupted, the chondrocytes were able to recover this synthetic ability and exhibited rates of synthesis above those of the controls. This ability resulted in a net replacement of the proteoglycan lost during the initial period of inflammation.
Coagulation abnormalities in rheumatoid disease
Authors: Conn Doyt L. , McDuffie Frederic C. , Kazmier Francis J. , Schroeter Arnoldc L. , Sun Nora C. J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractForty‐one patients with rheumatoid arthritis, including 6 with acute vasculitis, 13 with chronic vasculitis, and 22 without vasculitis, were studied for evidence of intravascular coagulation and fibrinolysis (ICF). The mean plasma fibrinogen levels were elevated in all groups. The fibrinogen, platelet count, and fibrin split products were usually elevated in acute vasculitis. Fewer patients on corticosteroids had abnormal coagulation tests. Active plasmin was detected in 12 patients primarily with chronic vasculitis. Plasminogen activator activity was not diminished in vascular endothelium of normal appearing skin of those patients with or without vasculitis. None of the patients demonstrated decompensated intravascular coagulation and fibrinolysis. The results suggest over‐compensated ICF occurring in rheumatoid arthritis, but rheumatoid patients with vasculitis cannot be clearly distinguished from those without vasculitis on the basis of the usual tests performed for coagulation and fibrinolysis abnormalities.
IgG antilymphocyte antibodies in SLE detected by 125I protein A
Authors: Williams Ralph C. , Bankhurst Arthur D. , Montano Jean D. 
Published: February 2007

Abstract125I‐labeled protein A was utilized to detect lymphocyte binding of IgG at 37°C in 50 sera from patients with SLE. IgG binding was partially inhibited by pre‐incubation of test cells with immune complexes in 50% of sera. In 10%, cytophilic Ig was increased by immune complex preincubation, and in 40% no appreciable change was recorded. With purified preparations of T and B cells, binding of SLE IgG at 37°C was equal for both cell populations.
Secretion and localization of cathepsin D in synovial tissues removed from rheumatoid and traumatized joints. An immunohistochemical study
Authors: Poole A. R. , Hembry R. M. , Dingle J. T. , Pinder I. , Ring E. F. J. , Cosh J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe proteinase cathepsin D which degrades proteoglycan was never demonstrated in extracellular sites in tissues from patients with traumatized meniscoid cartilage, either before or after culture with an antiserum to human cathepsin D. In contrast, in synovia (but not usually cartilage) from the knees of 6 of 11 rheumatoid patients, extracellular cathepsin D was commonly detected by culturing tissues with an antiserum to this enzyme.
Suppression of autoimmunity in nzb mice with steroid‐sensitive x‐radiation‐sensitive syngeneic young thymocytes
Authors: Morton Robert O. , Goodman Dawn G. , Gershwin M. Eric , Derkay Craig , Squire Robert A. , Steinberg Alfred D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNZB mice spontaneously lose thymic regulatory or suppressor cells and subsequently develop autoimmunity and lymphoreticular hyperlasia. Treatment with 2‐week‐old syngeneic thymocytes every 2 weeks starting at 4 weeks of age suppressed these disease manifestations. The active thymocyte subpopulation was found to be sensitive to corticosteroids and X‐irradiation.
Transfer of spleen cells from young to aging NZB × NZW F1 hybrid mice. Effect on mortality, antinuclear antibody, and renal disease
Authors: Wolf Robert E. , Ziff Morris 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMultiple injections of spleen cells from young NZB × NZW F1 hybrid mice with a mean age of 9 weeks were administered to syngeneic recipients at 10‐day intervals beginning at 3 months of age. The recipient mice had a delayed appearance of antinuclear antibody, decreased cumulative incidence of antinuclear antibody positivity up to 7.3 months of age, lower cumulative mortality up to 8 months of age, and a lesser degree of glomerular sclerosis at 8 months of age. By 9 months of age no significant differences in these parameters remained. Transferred cells were most effective during the 4‐ to 6‐week period immediately following initiation of injections. The beneficial effects appeared to reflect an early but temporary suppression of the autoimmune process by the transferred lymphoid cells.
Resources for the care of arthritics in a nonmetropolitan community
Authors: Yelin Edward , Henke Curtis , Epstein Wallace V. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAll professional, institutional, and administrative resources available to persons with musculoskeletal disabilities, including arthritis, were surveyed in a large nonmetropolitan community. Access to such resources and their residual capacity to serve local arthritics was determined. The resources appeared adequate as was the access, but the referral pattern was poorly developed. Most of the physicians in the community did not perceive a need for a trained rheumatologist practicing in the community.
Relapsing polychondritis
Authors: Hashimoto Ken , Arkin Charles R. , Kang Andrew H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEar cartilage from a typical case of relapsing polychondritis was examined with the electron microscope. A large number of dense granules and vesicles, which were compatible with matrix vesicles or lysosomes, surrounded the affected chondrocytes. In less severely damaged chondrocytes, these granules and vesicles appeared to be formed by pinching off of the cytoplasmic processes or by budding from the processes. Calcification of the granules was minimal. In severely damaged chondrocytes, an admixture of these granules and cytoplasmic organelles occurred. It is speculated that many of these dense granules are lysosomal in nature and that they may produce inflammation and reduce the proteoglycan content of cartilage.
D‐penicillamine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Tsang Ian K. , Patterson Caroline A. , Stein Howard B. , Robinson Harold S. , Ford Denys K. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractForty‐four patients with definite or classic rheumatoid arthritis and failure to tolerate or respond to gold therapy were treated with D‐penicillamine on a so‐called go‐slow, go‐low regime. Seventeen patients tolerated the drug and had a 3−13 month follow‐up assessment; 8 were markedly improved, 6 moderately or slightly improved, and 3 unimproved. Penicillamine had to be discontinued in 9 patients because of toxic side effects.
Activators and inhibitors of fibrinolysis in rheumatoid and nonrheumatoid synovial membranes
Authors: van de Putte Levinus B. A. , Hegt Vincent Noordhoek , Overbeek Titia E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHistochemical studies of rheumatoid and non‐rheumatoid synovial membranes revealed lowered fibrinolytic activity at sites of chronic inflammatory infiltrates and deposits of fibrin‐like material (FLM). Inhibition of fibrinolysis occurred over these areas and was always inversely related to the fibrinolytic activity. Hence the low fibrinolytic activity of these chronically inflamed tissues seems to result from the presence of inhibitors of fibrinolysis. Such inhibitors in FLM deposits may be responsible for the prolonged persistence of these deposits in the rheumatoid joint.
Comparative study of immunologic methods for demonstration of antibodies to soluble nuclear antigens
Authors: Akizuki Masashi , Runas Powers  , Holman Halsted R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFour methods to detect antibodies reactive with soluble nuclear antigens were compared—the fluorescent antibody technique, hemagglutination, complement fixation, and immunodiffusion. Certain advantages and disadvantages of each method are described. The first three methods have greater sensitivity than immunodiffusion, but immunodiffusion discriminates most reliably between different antibodies.
Hyaluronic acid production by irradiated human synovial fibroblasts
Authors: Yaron Michael , Yaron Ilana , Levita Moshe , Herzberg Mala 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRadioactive particles as well as X‐irradiation from an external source have been used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis. In order to clarify effects of ionizing irradiation on synovial cells, radioactive gold (198Au) and yttrium (90Y) were added to fibroblast cultures derived from human synovial membranes. Other cultures were irradiated by a Picker X‐ray machine. Fibroblast growth and hyaluronic acid production were measured. Radioactive gold and yttrium particles induced a significant increase of hyaluronic acid synthesis rate (pg/cell/day) and inhibited fibroblast growth. Fibroblasts continued to overproduce hyaluronic acid and to show growth inhibition 3 weeks after irradiation with radioactive gold. Hydrocortisone inhibited hyaluronic acid overproduction induced by radioactive gold. Overproduction of hyaluronic acid induced by the X‐ray machine was inhibited by hydrocortisone, actinomycin‐D, and cyclo‐heximide. Fibroblasts derived from normal and rheumatoid patients responded similarly to ionizing irradiation.