bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glucose homeostasis predicts weight gain: prospective and clinical evidence
Authors: Boulé Normand G. , Chaput Jean‐Philippe , Doucet Eric , Richard Denis , Després Jean‐Pierre , Bouchard Claude , Tremblay Angelo 
Published: September 2007

AbstractBackgroundThe potential long‐term impact of low glycaemia on body fat accumulation has not been verified. Therefore, we examined the effects of low glucose concentrations on long‐term energy balance and weight gain in humans.MethodsTwo sets of analyses were realized in order to verify this objective. First, Study 1 consisted of 259 participants between 20 and 65 years of age selected from Phase 2 of the Quebec Family Study (QFS). The association between glucose concentrations at the end of an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and changes in body mass was analysed prospectively (mean follow‐up of 6 years). In addition, Study 2 consisted of 44 obese participants (20 men and 24 women) randomly assigned to a 15‐week weight loss program in either a drug therapy group (fenfluramine) or a placebo group coupled with energy intake restriction. The focus of this study was the relationship between glycaemic control at the end of the treatment and post‐treatment weight regain.ResultsIn Study 1, the glucose concentrations at 120 min of the OGTT were negatively correlated with weight gain over 6 years (r = − 0.42, p < 0.01). In Study 2, the weight loss program induced a mean reduction in body weight of 10 kg in the fenfluramine and placebo groups. In participants who returned for a follow‐up visit (mean = 81 weeks after the intervention), the glucose area below fasting values (GABF) at the end of the OGTT increased with weight loss (p < 0.01) and was correlated with weight regain (r = 0.74, p < 0.01).ConclusionsLower glucose concentrations at the end of an OGTT are correlated with weight gain over time. Large amounts of weight loss are associated with low glycaemia at the end of an OGTT. These low glucose concentrations are strong predictors of the amount of weight regained after weight loss. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The improvement effect ofL‐Lys as a chemical chaperone on STZ‐induced diabetic rats, protein structure and function
Authors: Jafarnejad A. , Bathaie S. Z. , Nakhjavani M. , Hassan M. Z. , Banasadegh S. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractBackgroundL‐Lysine (L‐Lys) has been known as an inhibitor of protein glycation; however, its long‐term use for diabetes treatment considering different aspects of diabetic complication is not seen in the literature. In addition, the effect ofL‐Lys, as a chemical chaperone, was considered on protein folding and activity.MethodsThe streptozotocin‐induced diabetic rats were used as a model of diabetes. Normal and diabetic rats were studied for 5 months with and without 0.1% ofL‐Lys in drinking water. Serum glucose, advanced glycation end product (AGEs), haemoglobin A1C(HbA1c), triglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL‐cholesterol, antioxidant activity, advanced oxidation protein products, fasting insulin level and body weight were determined at 4‐week intervals. Heat shock protein (HSP)70, Lecithin: cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT) and paraoxonase activity were determined 1 week after diabetes induction (time 0), and after 3 and 5 months. The structure of glycated and normal serum albumin (Alb) in the presence and absence ofL‐Lys was also investigated in anin vitrostudy using spectrofluorometry and circular dichroism (CD).ResultsWe found thatL‐Lysine therapy prevented diabetic‐ induced increases in Glc, AGE, HbA1c, triglyceride, total‐ and LDL‐ cholesterol, and it caused an increase in the decreased antioxidant capacity, HDL‐c, HDL functionality and HSP70.L‐Lys had no effect on serum insulin level. The conformation of Alb changed due to glycation andL‐Lys retained it similar to the native.ConclusionsL‐Lys, not only as an inhibitor of glycation but also as a chemical chaperone and a protein chaperone inducer, causes effective changes in many parameters of the model animals. However, it is not enough to achieve complete improvement. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Involvement of Wnt4 signaling during myogenic proliferation and differentiation of skeletal muscle
Authors: Takata Haruyuki , Terada Kumiko , Oka Hiroaki , Sunada Yoshihide , Moriguchi Takahiko , Nohno Tsutomu 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThe direct effects of Wnt4 on myogenic proliferation and differentiation of skeletal muscle precursors are examined. Wnt4 cDNA was misexpressed in the presumptive limb fields on the right side of stage 16 chick embryos. Muscle development was evaluated at stage 37 with hematoxylin–eosin staining and immunohistochemical staining for fast and slow types of the myosin heavy chain (MyHC). Overexpression of Wnt4 resulted in up‐regulation of Pax7 and MyoD1 expression. The muscle mass showed a significant increase compared with that of the control limb. The area for fast MyHC‐expressing cells showed a significant increase, whereas a slight decrease was observed for slow MyHC‐expressing cells. Wnt4 acted as a stimulator during myogenic proliferation and differentiation, especially, for fast‐type muscle in C2C12 cells. The present results are identical to those of myostatin knockout, suggesting that Wnt4 is acting against myostatin as an antagonizing signal for myostatin. Developmental Dynamics 236:2800–2807, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Future‐oriented emotions: conceptualization and behavioral effects
Authors: Baumgartner Hans , Pieters Rik , Bagozzi Richard P. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractWe distinguish between two kinds of future‐oriented emotions (anticipatory and anticipated) and investigate their behavioral effects. Anticipatory emotions are currently experienced due to the prospect of a future event (e.g., hope or fear). Anticipated emotions, on the other hand, are expected to be experienced in the future if certain events do or do not occur (e.g., anticipated joy or regret). We discuss the theoretical differences between the two types of future‐oriented emotions and examine their role in motivating goal‐directed behavior. The results of a longitudinal study (n = 472) and a separate control group analysis (n = 340) provide consistent support for the convergent and discriminant validity of positive/negative anticipatory and anticipated emotions and their independent influence on goal‐directed behavior. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Experimental characterization, modeling and identification of the NEES‐UCSD shake table mechanical system
Authors: Ozcelik O. , Luco J. E. , Conte J. P. , Trombetti T. L. , Restrepo J. I. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThis paper proposes a simple conceptual mathematical model for the mechanical components of the NEES‐UCSD large high‐performance outdoor shaking table and focuses on the identification of the parameters of the model by using an extensive set of experimental data. An identification approach based on the measured hysteresis response is used to determine the fundamental model parameters including the effective horizontal mass, effective horizontal stiffness of the table, and the coefficients of the classical Coulomb friction and viscous damping elements representing the various dissipative forces in the system. The effectiveness of the proposed conceptual model is verified through a comparison of analytical predictions with experimental results for various tests conducted on the system. The resulting mathematical model will be used in future studies to model the mechanical components of the shake table in a comprehensive physics‐based model of the entire mechanical, hydraulic, and electronic system. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Experimental and theoretical study on two types of shape memory alloy devices
Authors: Li Hui , Mao Chen‐Xi , Ou Jin‐Ping 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThis study proposes two types of shape memory alloy (SMA)‐based devices, the tension‐SMA device (TSD) and the scissor‐SMA device (SSD), for the increase of stiffness. Both devices employ superelastic NiTi wires with a diameter of 1.2 mm. Performance tests to study pseudoelastic behavior of NiTi wires find that NiTi wire's pseudoelastic property is insensitive to loading frequency within the meaningful frequency range of most structures in civil engineering. The detailed design of TSD and SSD using NiTi wire is then presented accordingly. Shaking table tests of a scaled 5‐story steel frame incorporated with TSDs and SSDs, respectively, in the first story are carried out. The experimental results indicate that both SMA devices can effectively reduce building seismic response. SSDs achieve greater response reduction than TSDs due to their displacement magnification configuration. The seismic response of the building model with and without SMA devices is numerically simulated and the simulation results demonstrate that they are in good agreement with the experimental results. Finally, it is identified that by using the wavelet transform method the structures incorporated with SMA devices exhibit nonlinear behavior and the time‐dependent characteristics of natural frequency during earthquake excitation. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An essentially non‐oscillatory Crank–Nicolson procedure for incompressible Navier–Stokes equations
Authors: Cho Chung‐Ki , Kim Seongjai 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThis article introduces an essentially non‐oscillatory Crank–Nicolson (ENO‐CN) scheme for the numerical solution of unsteady incompressible Navier–Stokes (NS) equations. ENO‐CN utilizes the second‐order upwind ENO scheme for the approximation of the convection term in the explicit step, while everything else is discretized by the central finite volume method. It has been numerically verified for NS equations in 2D that the resulting algorithm is non‐oscillatory for a large range of Reynolds numbers and less dissipative than the conventional upwind methods and deferred correction methods. The new approach can be extended for 3D problems straightforwardly. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Solution to Euler equations by high‐resolution upwind compact scheme based on flux splitting
Authors: Jun Hu , Guo Shaogang , Yao Zhenqiang 
Published: September 2007

AbstractA high‐resolution upwind compact method based on flux splitting is developed for solving the compressive Euler equations. The convective flux terms are discretized by using the modified advection upstream splitting method (AUSM). The developed scheme is used to compute the one‐dimensional Burgers equation and four different example problems of supersonic compressible flows, respectively. The results show that the high‐resolution upwind compact scheme based on modified AUSM+ flux splitting can capture shock wave and other discontinuities, obtain higher resolution and restrain numerical oscillation. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Preparation of High Performance Pt/CNT Catalysts Stabilized by Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid Disodium Salt
Authors: Liu J.‐M. , Meng H. , Li J.‐l. , Liao S.‐j. , Bu J.‐H. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractA novel method with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt (EDTA‐2Na) as a stabilizing agent was developed to prepare highly dispersed Pt nanoparticles on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to use as proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell catalysts. These nanocatalysts were obtained by altering the molar ratio of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt to chloroplatinic acid (EDTA‐2Na/Pt) from 1:2, 1:1, 2:1 to 3:1. The well‐dispersed Pt nanoparticles of around 1.5 nm in size on CNTs were obtained when the EDTA‐2Na/Pt ratio was maintained at 1:1. And the Pt/CNT catalyst exhibited large electrochemical active surface areas, very high electrocatalytic activity and excellent stability in the oxidation of methanol at room temperature. The Pt/XC‐72R catalyst with narrow size distribution was also prepared by this method for comparison purposes. Comparison of the catalytic properties of these catalysts revealed that the activity of the Pt/CNT catalyst was a factor of ∼3 times higher than that of the Johnson Matthey catalyst and ∼2 times higher than that of our Pt/XC‐72R catalyst, which can be assigned to the high level of dispersion of Pt nanoparticles and the particular properties of the CNT supports.
Social isolation increases number of newly proliferated cells in hippocampus in female flinders sensitive line rats
Authors: Bjørnebekk Astrid , Mathé Aleksander A. , Gruber Susanne H.M. , Brené Stefan 
Published: September 2007

AbstractGenetic background influences the responsiveness to stress and plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of depression. In an animal model of depression, Flinders Sensitive Line rats, and Sprague Dawley controls we analyzed if 7 weeks of social isolation of adult animals affect the number of newly proliferated cells in the dentate gyrus or mRNAs of Neuropeptide Y (NPY), the NPY‐Y1 receptor, nociceptin, BDNF, and the serotonin 5HT1A and 5HT2A receptors, which are molecules involved in hippocampal plasticity. Since depressive illness more frequently affects women than men, and females seem to respond differently to stressful experiences than males, female rats were used in this study. Bromodeoxyuridine, which is a thymidin analogue that is incorporated into the DNA of newly formed cells, was administered during 9 days to even out the effects of hormonal fluctuations. Social isolation increased the number of newly proliferated Bromodeoxyuridine‐immunoreactive cells in the Flinders Sensitive Line rats, whereas it had no impact on the number of cells in the Sprague Dawley strain. Group housed Sprague Dawley rats had a higher expression of BDNF, NPY, and the serotonin 5HT2A receptor mRNA than “depressed” Flinders Sensitive Line. Social isolation downregulated these molecules in Sprague Dawley but not in Flinders Sensitive Line rats thereby eliminating the differences between the two strains. We demonstrate strain and gender specific responses to stress induced regulation of factors important for hippocampal plasticity. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ca2+‐dependent K+currents and spike‐frequency adaptation in medial entorhinal cortex layer II stellate cells
Authors: Khawaja Farhan A. , Alonso Angel A. , Bourque Charles W. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThe entorhinal cortex (EC), located in the medial temporal lobe (MTL) of the brain, plays an important functional role in the MTL memory circuit. Medial EC (MEC) Layer II stellate cells (SCs) serve as one of the most prominent target cell types within the EC for inputs arising from higher cortical areas, and these same cells provide most of the output from the EC to the hippocampal region. We used the whole‐cell patch clamp technique in a rat in vitro slice preparation to test whether SCs express afterhyperpolarization (AHP) currents and if these currents can be modulated. Our results revealed that SCs contain medium (mIK(Ca)) and slow (sIAHP) Ca2+‐dependent K+currents. Furthermore, we determined that an apamin‐sensitive current does not underlie the mAHP in SCs. Our studies also showed that a cAMP‐dependent modulation process significantly reduces mIK(Ca), sIAHP, and spike‐frequency adaptation in MEC Layer II SCs. Modulation of the firing pattern of SCs resulting from this effect may play an important role in the encoding of information related to memory processes. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The introduction of 7‐day platelets: A university hospital experience
Authors: Hay Shauna N. , Immel Caroline C. , McClannan Laura S. , Brecher Mark E. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractIntroduction: Recently, the FDA approved the Post Approval Surveillance Study of Platelet Outcomes, Release Tested protocol which allows participating institutions to utilize 7 day platelets following guidelines. As one of the first hospitals to implement a 7‐day protocol, we reviewed our hospital experience with 7‐day Gambro apheresis platelets to determine the impact on inventory. Methods: A review of apheresis platelet transfusions and outdate records was performed. Data were collected prospectively from March to August 2006. This data were compared with a retrospective review for the same time period in 2005. Results: For the 1,503 platelets transfused from March–August 2005, the mean day of issue was 3.44 (SD = 1.060). During the same time period of 2006, 1,688 platelets were transfused with a mean day of issue of 4.02 (SD = 1.083). This difference was statistically significant (P < 0.001). The outdate rate dropped from 2.9% (44/1,547) to 1.3% (22/1,710, P < 0.001). During the study period, ∼59.7% of the platelets were 7‐day platelets. Discussion: Over the 6‐month period, we noted a decrease in outdates from 2.9% to 1.3%. There was a shift toward older platelets (from a mean of day 3.4 to day 4). During the study period, 139 platelets were transfused on days 6 or 7 of storage. Overall, the implementation of 7‐day platelets in a university hospital setting was easily accomplished and has resulted in benefits to our institution by decreasing our outdate rate and to our patients by providing an additional 139 days 6 and 7 apheresis platelets with a potential cost savings of $78,952 (over the 6‐month study). J. Clin. Apheresis, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A randomized comparison of peripheral blood hematopoietic progenitor cell level of 5/mm3 versus 50/mm3 as a surrogate marker to initiate efficient autologous blood stem cell collection
Authors: Kim Min Kyoung , Kim Shin , Jang Geundoo , Lee Sung Sook , Sym Sun Jin , Lee Dae Ho , Kim Sang We , Jang Seongsoo , Park Chan Jeong , Chi Hyun Sook , Huh Jooryung , Suh Cheolwon 
Published: September 2007

AbstractWe previously showed that at least 5/mm3 hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) could be used as a marker for initiating autologous blood stem cell collection (ABSCC). However, the timing of efficient ABSCC following mobilization is still to be determined. We conducted a prospective, randomized comparison of 5/mm3 versus50/mm3 peripheral blood (PB) HPCs as a surrogate marker to initiate efficient ABSCC. Forty‐five consecutive patients, 26 with multiple myeloma (MM) and 19 with non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), were enrolled between October 2004 and October 2006. Chemotherapy was cyclophosphamide 4 g/m2 for MM and ESHAP (etoposide, methylprednisolone, high‐dose cytarabine, and cisplatin), with or without Rituximab, for NHL. Circulating HPCs were monitored daily with the Sysmex SE9000 automated hematology analyzer, and harvested CD34+ cells were counted by flow cytometry. ABSCC was initiated when HPC levels reached at least 5/mm3 (HPC5 group) or 50/mm3 (HPC50 group). The median number of harvested CD34+ cells was 15.0 × 106/kg and 21.0 × 106/kg in the HPC5 and HPC50 groups, respectively (P = 0.23). Optimal collection (>5 × 106 CD34+ cells/kg) in a single session (day 1) was attained in 15 HPC5 patients (63%) and in 14 HPC50 patients (67%), and targeted collection of 5 × 106 CD34+ cells/kg was achieved in 100 and 95% of HPC5 and HPC50 patients, respectively (P = 0.47), with a median number of 1 apheresis in both groups (P = 0.58). There were no between group differences in optimal collection rate on day 1, median number of aphereses to achieve optimal collection, and overall optimal collection rate. HPC ≥ 5/mm3 and ≥50/mm3 are both reliable indices for the timing of ABSCC. J. Clin. Apheresis, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Roles for CSN5 in control of p53/MDM2 activities
Authors: Zhang Xiao‐Chun , Chen Jian , Su Chun‐Hui , Yang Heng‐Yin , Lee Mong‐Hong 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThe 5th subunit of COP9 signalosome (CSN5, also known as Jab1 or COPS5) is implicated in regulating p53 activity and is overexpressed in various tumors. However, the precise roles of CSN5 in p53 network and tumorigenesis are not well characterized. Here we show that CSN5 is a critical regulator of both p53 and MDM2. We show that curcumin, an important inhibitor of CSN‐associated kinases, can downregulate not only CSN5 but also MDM2, which results in p53 stabilization. Importantly, CSN5 interacts with p53. CSN5 expression leads to p53 degradation, facilitating MDM2‐mediated p53 ubiquitination, and promoting p53 nuclear export. Additionally, CSN5 expression results in stabilization of MDM2 through reducing MDM2 self‐ubiquitination and decelerating turnover rate of MDM2. Significantly, we further show that CSN5 antagonizes the transcriptional activity of p53. These results demonstrate that CSN5 is a pivotal regulator for both p53 and MDM2. Our studies may pave the way for targeting CSN5 for anti‐cancer drug development. J. Cell. Biochem. 103: 1219–1230, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Resveratrol induces catalytic bioscavenger paraoxonase 1 expression and protects against chemical warfare nerve agent toxicity in human cell lines
Authors: Curtin Bryan F. , Seetharam Karthik I. , Dhoieam Pilin , Gordon Richard K. , Doctor Bhupendra P. , Nambiar Madhusoodana P. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractCurrent advances in enzyme bioscavenger prophylactic therapy against chemical warfare nerve agent (CWNA) exposure are moving towards the identification of catalytic bioscavengers that can degrade large doses of organophosphate (OP) nerve agents without self destruction. This is a preferred method compared to therapy with the purified stoichiometric bioscavenger, butyrylcholinesterase, which binds OPs 1:1 and would thus require larger doses for treatment. Paraoxonase‐1 (PON‐1) is one such catalytic bioscavenger that has been shown to hydrolyze OP insecticides and contribute to detoxification in animals and humans. Here we investigated the effects of a common red wine ingredient, Resveratrol (RSV), to induce the expression of PON‐1 in the human hepatic cell line HC04 and evaluated the protection against CWNA simulants. Dose‐response curves showed that a concentration of 20 µM RSV was optimal in inducing PON‐1 expression in HC04 cells. RSV at 20 µM increased the extracellular PON‐1 activity approximately 150% without significantly affecting the cells. Higher doses of RSV were cytotoxic to the cells. Resveratrol also induced PON‐1 in the human lung cell line A549. RSV pre‐treatment significantly (P = 0.05) protected the hepatic cells against exposure to 2× LD50 of soman and sarin simulants. However, lung cells were protected against soman simulant exposure but not against sarin simulant exposure following RSV treatment. In conclusion, these studies indicate that dietary inducers, such as RSV, can up‐regulate PON‐1, a catalytic bioscavenger, which can then hydrolyze and protect against CWNA‐induced toxicity, providing a prospective new method to protect against CWNA exposure. J. Cell. Biochem. 103: 1524–1535, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.