bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modulation of nuclear factor‐κB activity can influence the susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Kalergis Alexis M. , Iruretagoyena Mirentxu I. , Barrientos Magaly J. , González Pablo A. , Herrada Andres A. , Leiva Eduardo D. , Gutiérrez Miguel A. , Riedel Claudia A. , Bueno Susan M. , Jacobelli Sergio H. 
Published: November 2008

SummaryAutoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), result from deficiencies in self‐antigen tolerance processes, which require regulated dendritic cell (DC) function. In this study we evaluated the phenotype of DCs during the onset of SLE in a mouse model, in which deletion of the inhibitory receptor FcγRIIb leads to the production of anti‐nuclear antibodies and glomerulonephritis. Splenic DCs from FcγRIIb‐deficient mice suffering from SLE showed increased expression of co‐stimulatory molecules. Furthermore, diseased mice showed an altered function of the nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) transcription factor, which is involved in DC maturation. Compared with healthy animals, expression of the inhibitory molecule IκB‐α was significantly decreased in mice suffering from SLE. Consistently, pharmacological inhibition of NF‐κB activity in FcγRIIb‐deficient mice led to reduced susceptibility to SLE and prevented symptoms, such as anti‐nuclear antibodies and kidney damage. Our data suggest that the occurrence of SLE is significantly influenced by alterations of NF‐κB function, which can be considered as a new therapeutic target for this disease.
Research note: Lectotypification of Nemalionopsis tortuosa Yoneda et Yagi, Thoreales, Rhodophyta
Authors: Kumano Shigeru , Seto Ryozo , Yoshida Tadao 
Published: November 2008

SUMMARYThe specimen (KYO 00020215) is designated here as the lectotype of Nemalionopsis tortuosa Yoneda et Yagi.
The Self in Procedural Fairness
Authors: Sedikides Constantine , Hart Claire M. , De Cremer David 
Published: November 2008

AbstractProcedural fairness (whether the organizational decision‐making process is perceived as fair) has profound psychological effects on organizational members. A vital reason for these effects is that organizational procedures communicate information which is relevant to the self. Specifically, this information is relevant to different types of self (individual, collective, relational) and, more importantly, to different motives within each type of self. As such, procedures satisfy the motives of uncertainty reduction and self‐enhancement (individual self), the motives of reputation and status (collective self), and the motives of belongingness and respect (relational self). We provide illustrative evidence in support of our conceptual map, discuss complexities, and offer suggestions for future research.
A dynamic model of the Bay of Biscay pelagic fleet simulating fishing trip choice: the response to the closure of the European anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus) fishery in 2005
Authors: Vermard Youen , Marchal Paul , Mahévas Stéphanie , Thébaud Olivier 
Published: November 2008

The scope of this paper is to describe, evaluate, and forecast fishing trip choices of the Bay of Biscay pelagic fleet using random utility modeling (RUM). First, alternative fishing trip choices of this fleet were identified using multivariate statistical methods based on species landings weighted by value and defined as distinct fishing activity or fisheries (termed métiers). A RUM was specified, which included trip components as attributes during the period 2001–2004 (a lagged percentage of the value per unit of effort of the main species caught, total value per unit of effort, and inertia in terms of changes from one métier to another). For the main métiers, the proportion of correct effort allocation is 90% during the calibration period of 2001–2004. The results from the RUM are used to parameterize a simulation model of trip choice. The model is used to predict trip choices in 2005, throughout most of which fishing was constrained by the closure of the European anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus) fishery. Simulation results are compared with observed trip choices following the fishing ban: 80% of observed trip choices are correctly predicted by the model. The capacity of the behavioral model to predict responses to the closure is then discussed.
PERFORMANCE RELIABILITY BASED OPTIMIZATION CRITERION FOR ELASTIC STRUCTURES SUBJECT TO RANDOM LOADS
Authors: MARANO GIUSEPPE CARLO , GRECO RITA 
Published: November 2008

A stochastic optimization which makes use of a reliability constraint, expressing a performance requirement, is proposed for linear elastic systems subject to random dynamic loads. The criterion selected for the optimum design is the minimization of a deterministic measure, whereas the constraint condition requires that system failure probability must be smaller than a given allowable level, where failure is associated to the first exceeding of system response from a safe domain. The proposed method is then developed for the optimum design of a Tuned Mass Damper, utilized for reducing undesirable vibrations originated in structures by random loads.Unlike conventional TMD designs based on minimizing the mean-square response, a reliability-based performance measure is then considered in the proposed design, which properly accounts for uncertainties in loads. A sensitivity analysis is carried out and results are shown in a useful manner for TMD design decision support.
When Sound Meets Movement: Performance in Electronic Dance Music
Authors: Ferreira Pedro Peixoto 
Published: November 2008

ABSTRACT
This article discusses the problem of performance in electronic dance music (EDM), considering its specificity in the use of technically reproduced sound to promote a non-stop dancing experience. Instead of a schizophonic rupture between performer and audience, EDM is seen to perform a transducive mediation between machine sound and human movement.
Bonding Durability of Single-Step Adhesives to Previously Acid-Etched Dentin
Authors: Ikeda M. , Tsubota K. , Takamizawa T. , Yoshida T. , Miyazaki M. , Platt J. A. 
Published: November 2008

Clinical Relevance
To achieve optimum bond strengths, acid etching of dentin prior to the application of single-step self-etch adhesive systems should be avoided.
Residual nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas: prognostic value of MIB-1 labeling index for tumor progression
Authors: Widhalm Georg , Wolfsberger Stefan , Preusser Matthias , Fischer Ingeborg , Woehrer Adelheid , Wunderer Joerg , Hainfellner Johannes A. , Knosp Engelbert 
Published: November 2008

Object
In residual nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas, reliable prognostic parameters indicating probability of tumor progression are needed. The Ki 67 expression/MIB-1 labeling index (LI) is considered to be a promising candidate factor. The aim in the present study was to analyze the clinical usefulness of MIB-1 LI for prognosis of tumor progression.

Methods
The authors studied a cohort of 92 patients with nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas. Based on sequential postoperative MR images, patients were classified as tumor free (51 patients) or as harboring residual tumor (41 individuals). The residual tumor group was further subdivided in groups with stable residual tumors (14 patients) or progressive residual tumors (27 patients). The MIB-1 LI was assessed in tumor specimens obtained in all patients, and statistical comparisons of MIB-1 LI of the various subgroups were performed.

Results
. The authors found no significant difference of MIB-1 LI in the residual tumor group compared with the tumor-free group. However, MIB-1 LI was significantly higher in the progressive residual tumor group, compared with the stable residual tumor group. Additionally, the time period to second surgery was significantly shorter in residual adenomas showing an MIB-1 LI > 3%.

Conclusions
The data indicate that MIB-1 LI in nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas is a clinically useful prognostic parameter indicating probability of progression of postoperative tumor remnants. The MIB-1 LI may be helpful in decisions of postoperative disease management (for example, frequency of radiographic intervals, planning for reoperation, radiotherapy, and/or radiosurgery).
Paradoxical dysregulation of the neural stem cell pathway sonic hedgehog‐gli1 in autoimmune encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis
Authors: Wang Yue , Imitola Jaime , Rasmussen Stine , O'Connor Kevin C. , Khoury Samia J. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractObjectiveNeurovascular niches have been proposed as critical components of the neural stem cell (NSC) response to acute central nervous system injury; however, it is unclear whether these potential reparative niches remain functional during chronic injury. Here, we asked how central nervous system inflammatory injury regulates the intrinsic properties of NSCs and their niches.MethodsWe investigated the sonic hedgehog (Shh)‐Gli1 pathway, an important signaling pathway for NSCs, in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and multiple sclerosis (MS), and its regulation by inflammatory cytokines.ResultsWe show that Shh is markedly upregulated by reactive and perivascular astroglia in areas of injury in MS lesions and during EAE. Astroglia outside the subventricular zone niche can support NSC differentiation toward neurons and oligodendrocytes, and Shh is a critical mediator of this effect. Shh induces differential upregulation of the transcription factor Gli1, which mediates Shh‐induced NSC differentiation. However, despite the increase in Shh and the fact that Gli1 was initially increased during early inflammation of EAE and active lesions of MS, Gli1 was significantly decreased in spinal cord oligodendrocyte precursor cells after onset of EAE, and in chronic active and inactive lesions from MS brain. The Th1 cytokine interferon‐γ was unique in inducing Shh expression in astroglia and NSCs, while paradoxically suppressing Gli1 expression in NSCs and inhibiting Shh‐mediated NSC differentiation.InterpretationOur data suggest that endogenous repair potential during chronic injury appears to be limited by inflammation‐induced alterations in intrinsic NSC molecular pathways such as Gli1. Ann Neurol 2008;64:417–427
A novel thermolysis method of colloidal protein precursors to prepare hydroxyapatite nanocrystals
Authors: Han Yingchao , Li Shipu , Wang Xinyu 
Published: November 2008

AbstractA novel thermolysis method of colloidal protein precursors is introduced to prepare hydroxyapatite (HAP) nanocrystals. The colloidal protein precursors are sonochemically synthesized from saturated Ca(OH)2 aqueous solution, Ca(H2PO4)2 aqueous solution and bovine serum albumin (BSA) molecules. The colloidal protein precursors are amorphous and composed of 15‐90 nm near spherical calcium phosphate nanoparticles and BSA molecules. The particle size analysis shows the volume particle size distribution is from 9.0 nm to 222.6 nm and the volume‐averaged particle size is 45.8 nm. During the calcination procedure BSA molecules are burningly removed and the HAP nanocrystals can be obtained at 500 °C. The effects of BSA concentration on the properties of samples are discussed. Results show that BSA combustion can promote the transformation of crystalline HAP from amorphous material. Moreover, the increase of BSA concentration reduces the crystalline sizes of HAP crystals and the crystallinity of product. With BSA concentration of 5 g/L, the obtained HAP nanocrystals are mainly 25∼100 nm similar spherical nanoparticles besides some 40∼70 nm×75∼150 nm short rod‐like crystals. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
On slow protein crystal nucleation: cluster‐cluster aggregation on diffusional encounters
Authors: Nanev C. N. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractWith a view to experimental results on protein crystal nucleation the effects of cluster coalescence are probed semi‐quantitatively. The steric association restriction, which stems from the patchy surface of the protein molecules, explains both experimentally measured low crystal nucleation rate and coalescence limitations for crystalline clusters of protein molecules. The conclusion is that due to its action, and the impact of rotational diffusion, the coalescence of critical (and/or supercritical) clusters should be rejected as a conceivable alternative for explaining the slow nucleation of protein crystals. Besides, the analysis of cluster‐cluster aggregation on diffusional encounters may be of more general interest; it may be helpful by considering the coalescence of structured bio‐nano‐particles. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A study of deploying smooth‐ and responsive‐TCPs with different queue management schemes
Authors: Zhang Chi , Mamatas Lefteris , Tsaoussidis Vassilis 
Published: November 2008

AbstractWhile there exist extensive research works on congestion control and active queue management, or the joint dynamics of a congestion control strategy with the random early detection (RED) algorithm, little has been done on the interactions between different window adjustment strategies and different queue management schemes such as DropTail and RED. In this paper, we consider a spectrum of TCP‐friendly additive increase and multiplicative decrease (AIMD) parameters. At the one end of this spectrum, smooth‐TCP enhances smoothness for multimedia applications by reducing the window decrease ratio upon congestion, at the cost of the additive increase speed and the responsiveness to available bandwidth. At the other end, responsive‐TCP enhances the responsiveness by increasing the additive increase speed, at the cost of smoothness. We investigate the network dynamics with various combinations of AIMD parameters and queue management schemes, under different metrics. The investigation is conducted from the deployment (especially incremental deployment) point of view. We discussed the impact of the interactions on the goodput, fairness, end‐to‐end delay, and its implications to energy consumption on mobile hosts. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The role of the PI3K‐AKT kinase pathway in T‐cell development beyond the β checkpoint
Authors: Xue Ling , Chiang Leslie , Kang Chulho , Winoto Astar 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe PI3K‐AKT pathway can mediate diverse biological responses and is crucial for optimal immune responses and lymphocyte development. Deletion of PI3K subunits or AKT leads to blockage of T‐cell development at the TCR‐β checkpoint. Studies with over‐expression of constitutively activated AKT have implicated this pathway in anti‐apoptosis of developing thymocytes and in development of regulatory T cells. However, the role of endogenous PI3K‐AKT in T‐cell development beyond the TCR‐β checkpoint remains unclear. Here, we inhibited the endogenous PI3K‐AKT pathway in thymocytes after double negative stages by expressing the negative regulator, PTEN. These mice exhibit normal early T‐cell development, but the transition from intermediate single positive to double positive (DP) thymocytes is inhibited, leading to a significantly decreased number of DP, single positive thymocytes and peripheral T cells. Proliferation of peripheral T cells is reduced but apoptosis of DP cells and subsequent T‐cell maturation, including regulatory T cells, are normal. AKT phosphorylation can be readily observed in most WT T‐cell compartments but not DP thymocytes in response to TCR activation. Thus, the PI3K‐AKT pathway is crucial for the transition of intermediate single positive to DP thymocytes but is dispensable for apoptosis and maturation of developing thymocytes.
Ischemia‐reperfusion injury is attenuated in VAP‐1‐deficient mice and by VAP‐1 inhibitors
Authors: Kiss Jan , Jalkanen Sirpa , Fülöp Ferenc , Savunen Timo , Salmi Marko 
Published: November 2008

AbstractNeutrophils mediate the damage caused by ischemia‐reperfusion both at the site of primary injury and in remote organs. Vascular adhesion protein‐1 (VAP‐1) is an ectoenzyme expressed on endothelial cells and it has been shown to regulate leukocyte extravasation. Here we show for the first time using VAP‐1‐deficient mice that VAP‐1 plays a significant role in the intestinal damage and acute lung injury after ischemia‐reperfusion. Separate inhibition of VAP‐1 by small molecule enzyme inhibitors and a function‐blocking monoclonal antibody in WT mice revealed that the catalytic activity of VAP‐1 is responsible for its pro‐inflammatory action. The use of transgenic humanized VAP‐1 mice also showed that the enzyme inhibitors alleviate both the ischemia‐reperfusion injury in the gut and neutrophil accumulation in the lungs. These data thus indicate that VAP‐1 regulates the inflammatory response in ischemia‐reperfusion injury and suggest that blockade of VAP‐1 may have therapeutic value.
A two‐step model for Langerhans cell migration to skin‐draining LN
Authors: Villablanca Eduardo J. , Mora Jorge R. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractAlthough the role of Langerhans cells (LC) in skin immune responses is still a matter of debate, it is known that LC require the chemokine receptor CCR7 for migrating to skin‐draining LN. A report in the current issue of the European Journal of Immunology unfolds some of the intricacies of LC migration, showing that LC need CXCR4, but not CCR7, for their migration from the epidermis to the dermis. Thus, LC migration to skin‐draining LN occurs in two distinct phases: a first step from the epidermis to the dermis regulated by CXCR4 and a second CCR7‐dependent step from the dermis to LN. Here we discuss the potential implications of this new two‐step LC migration paradigm.
Lanthanide(III) Complexes of Phosphorus Acid Analogues of H4DOTA as Model Compounds for the Evaluation of the Second‐Sphere Hydration
Authors: Kotková Zuzana , Pereira Giovannia A. , Djanashvili Kristina , Kotek Jan , Rudovský Jakub , Hermann Petr , Vander Elst Luce , Muller Robert N. , Geraldes Carlos F. G. C. , Lukeš Ivan , Peters Joop A. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractFive DOTA‐like ligands lacking a water molecule in the first coordination sphere of their GdIII complexes, namely the phosphinates H4DOTPH, H4DOTPhm and H4DOTPEt, and the phosphonate monoesters H4DOTPOEt and H4DOTPOBu, were synthesized with the aim of exploring the influence of the second hydration sphere on the relaxivity of GdIII complexes. The H4DOTPH, H4DOTPhm and H4DOTPOEt ligands and their LnIII complexes were characterized by potentiometry and time‐resolved luminescence; the GdIII complexes are thermodynamically much less stable than that of H4DOTA, and no water is coordinated in the inner sphere. The crystal structures of the free ligand H4DOTPOEt and of the GdIII complexes of H4DOTPH and H4DOTPOEt were determined by X‐ray diffraction. The complexes have the expected octadentate coordination mode with an N4O4 arrangement; no water molecule is bound to the GdIII ion. Information on the structures of the LnIII complexes of all five ligands in aqueous solution were obtained from 1H and 31P NMR spectra. The NMR spectra of the [Ln(DOTPhm)]– and [Ln(DOTPEt)]– complexes show that these compounds have a clear preference for a specific arrangement of phosphorus atoms which gives rise to the symmetrical RRRR (or SSSS) isomer. However, many diastereoisomers were observed for all other complexes. LnIII‐induced 17O NMR shift data reveal that the spatial location of the second‐sphere water molecules for the two groups of complexes differs. The parameters governing the effect of the second hydration sphere on the relaxivity of the GdIII complexes of all ligands were evaluated by EPR, variable‐temperature 17O NMR spectroscopy and 1H NMRD relaxometry. The presence of second‐sphere water molecules is clearly confirmed, depending on the character of the pendant arms. As the relaxivity does not depend significantly on the nature of the phosphorus substituents and/or on the isomerism present in solution, the second‐sphere water molecules should be located close to the phosphorus–oxygen atoms.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
A Click Reaction for Fluorescent Labelling: Application of the 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition Reaction
Authors: Langhals Heinz , Obermeier Andreas 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe copper‐catalysed 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition of azides with terminal alkynes was use to introduce a highly fluorescent and photostable perylene‐tetracarboxdiimide label.Fluorescent labelling of human hormones and applications are discussed. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Analysis of the genetic diversity within Cryptosporidium hominis and Cryptosporidium parvum from imported and autochtonous cases of human cryptosporidiosis by mutation scanning
Authors: Jex Aaron R. , Gasser Robin B. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe present study investigated sequence variation in part of the 60 kilodalton glycoprotein (pgp60) gene among Cryptosporidium hominis and Cryptosporidium parvum isolates (n=115) from citizens of the UK inferred to have been infected whilst travelling abroad (to 25 countries) or in the UK. The genomic DNA samples from these isolates were subjected to PCR‐coupled single‐strand conformation polymorphism analysis, followed by targeted sequencing of pgp60. Individual samples were classified to the genotypic and subgenotypic levels based on phylogenetic analysis (Bayesian inference) of pgp60 data, including published sequences for comparison. Based on this analysis, five C. hominis (Ia–If) and four C. parvum (IIa, IIc–IIe) genotypes were identified, equating to 16 and 10 subgenotypes, respectively. Of these genotypes, C. hominis Ib was predominant (n=82). Interestingly, one subgenotype (C. hominis Ib A10G2R2) accounted for the majority of the samples examined and was identified in travellers to 14 countries; the examination of published records suggested that C. hominis Ib A10G2R2 has a global distribution. Numerous new and seemingly rare subgenotypes (eight for C. hominis and six for C. parvum) were also discovered. In conclusion, the present study revealed substantial genetic variation in pgp60 within both C. hominis and C. parvum and emphasizes the need to undertake investigations of human and animal populations in countries for which there is no information on the genetic make‐up of Cryptosporidium infecting humans.
Common germline variation in mismatch repair genes and survival after a diagnosis of colorectal cancer
Authors: Koessler Thibaud , Azzato Elizabeth M. , Perkins Barbara , Macinnis Robert J. , Greenberg David , Easton Douglas F. , Pharoah Paul D.P. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe mismatch repair (MMR) genes are involved in the maintenance of genomic integrity. Recently, we showed that common variants in these genes are unlikely to contribute significantly to colorectal cancer risk. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of common variants in the mismatch repair pathway as prognostic markers in colorectal cancer patients. We genotyped 2,060 patients for 68 SNPs in 7 mismatch repair genes (MLH1, MLH3, MSH2, MSH3, MSH6, PMS1 and PMS2), using a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) tagging approach. Genotypes at the tag SNPs and multi‐SNP haplotypes were tested for association with overall survival (OS) and disease specific survival (DSS) using a Cox regression model. Eight SNPs and 10 haplotypes were significant at a nominal p < 0.05 in the univariate analyses. Stepwise analysis showed that haplotype effects were mainly due to associated SNPs carried by these haplotypes. After adjustment for sex, age at diagnosis and stage when using overall survival and stage only when using disease specific survival, prognostic values were unattenuated. The most significant SNP associated with disease specific survival after adjustment was rs863221, located in MSH3 (HR: 0.59, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.42–0.82, p‐value: 0.001). In conclusion, we find some evidence that common variants in mismatch repair genes may contribute to survival of patients with colorectal cancer. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.