bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum levels of C‐peptide, IGFBP‐1 and IGFBP‐2 and endometrial cancer risk; Results from the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition
Authors: Cust Anne E. , Allen Naomi E. , Rinaldi Sabina , Dossus Laure , Friedenreich Christine , Olsen Anja , Tjønneland Anne , Overvad Kim , Clavel‐Chapelon Françoise , Boutron‐Ruault Marie‐Christine , Linseisen Jakob , Chang‐Claude Jenny , Boeing Heiner , Schulz Mandy , Benetou Vassiliki , Trichopoulou Antonia , Trichopoulos Dimitrios , Palli Domenico , Berrino Franco , Tumino Rosario , Mattiello Amalia , Vineis Paolo , Quirós J. Ramón , Agudo Antonio , Sánchez Maria‐Jose , Larrañaga Nerea , Navarro Carmen , Ardanaz Eva , Bueno‐de‐Mesquita H. Bas , Peeters Petra H.M. , van Gils Carla H. , Bingham Sheila , Khaw Kay‐Tee , Key Tim , Slimani Nadia , Riboli Elio , Kaaks Rudolf 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe conducted a case‐control study nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition, to examine the associations between prediagnostic serum concentrations of C‐peptide, insulin‐like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP)‐1 and IGFBP‐2, and endometrial cancer risk. Among pre‐ and post‐menopausal women, who were not currently using exogenous hormones, 286 women developed incident endometrial cancer during an average 5.1 years follow‐up. Using risk set sampling, 555 matched control subjects were selected. In conditional logistic regression models adjusted for matching factors only, endometrial cancer risk increased with increasing serum levels of C‐peptide (relative risks (RR) for the top vs. bottom quartile = 2.13 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.33–3.41], ptrend = 0.001, and decreasing serum levels of IGFBP‐2 (RR for the top vs. bottom quartile = 0.56 [95% CI 0.35–0.90], ptrend = 0.03, but was not significantly associated with IGFBP‐1 levels (RR for the top vs. bottom quartile = 0.76 [95% CI 0.47–1.21], ptrend = 0.25). In BMI‐adjusted models, only the C‐peptide association remained marginally statistically significant (RR for the top vs. bottom quartile = 1.56 [95% CI 0.94–2.57], ptrend = 0.05 for C‐peptide; 0.84 [95% CI 0.50–1.40], ptrend = 0.74 for IGFBP‐2; and 1.08 [95% CI 0.65–1.78], ptrend = 0.86 for IGFBP‐1 levels). These associations were stronger among nonfasting women (≤≤6 hr since last meal; 63% of subjects) but were not evident among fasting women, although the interactions were not statistically significant. The C‐peptide‐risk association was substantially attenuated after adjustment for free estradiol in postmenopausal women (RR for the top vs. bottom quartile = 1.28 [95% CI 0.67–2.45], ptrend = 0.42. Our results provide modest support to the hypothesis that hyperinsulinaemia is a risk factor for endometrial cancer. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Water sorption and solubility of contemporary resin‐based filling materials
Authors: Janda Ralf , Roulet Jean‐François , Latta Mark , Rüttermann Stefan 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPurpose: Evaluation of water sorption and solubility of contemporary resin‐based filling materials. Methods: Specimens of Herculite (HE), Point 4 (P4), TetricCeram (TC), Miris (MI), TetricCeram HB (HB), Solitaire 2 (SO), SureFil (SU), Definite (DE), Admira (AD), Dyract AP (DY), Compoglass F (CO), and TetricFlow (TF) were prepared according to ISO 4049. Water sorption and solubility were measured after water storage at 37°C for 7 days. Results: Water sorption was HE 14 μg mm−3, P4 17 μg mm−3, TC 12 μg mm−3, MI 13 μg mm−3, HB 9 μg mm−3, SO 18 μg mm−3, SU 9 μg mm−3, DE 14 μg mm−3, AD 27 μg mm−3, DY 19 μg mm−3, CO 23 μg mm−3, and TF 19 μg mm−3. Solubility was HE 3 μg mm−3, P4 3 μg mm−3, TC 1 μg mm−3, MI 0 μg mm−3, HB 0 μg mm−3, SO 3 μg mm−3, SU 0 μg mm−3, DE 1 μg mm−3, AD 2 μg mm−3, DY 4 μg mm−3, CO −2 μg mm−3, and TF 1 μg mm−3. Conclusion: All materials met the corresponding requirement in ISO 4049. Filler load negatively correlated with water sorption but not with solubility. There was an influence of the resin matrix, too. No significant differences were found between composites, ormocers, and compomers. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2007
Materials characterization of explanted polypropylene hernia meshes
Authors: Costello C. R. , Bachman S. L. , Ramshaw B. J. , Grant S. A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHernia repair with prosthetic mesh significantly decreases the rate of recurrence compared with traditional, primary suture repair by reducing the tension on the edges of the wound. However, there are several complications associated with the use of mesh that may be due to the chronic inflammatory reaction to the mesh or a loss of compliance after degradation of the material. Mesh contraction and migration can also occur, sometimes resulting in a recurrent hernia. Based on the chemical structure of the polypropylene mesh material and the physiological conditions to which it is subjected, it is possible that oxidation is responsible for these changes in material properties. Oxidation would result in surface cracking, decreased melting temperature, loss of mass, and reduced compliance of the material. The objective of this study was to identify physiochemical changes in the surface and bulk properties of explanted polypropylene hernia meshes compared to pristine polypropylene mesh materials. Several characterization techniques were utilized, including scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, and compliance testing. Overall, the results supported our hypothesis that oxidation is involved with the degradation of polypropylene hernia mesh materials. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2007
Antibacterial activity of silver‐doped silica glass microspheres prepared by a sol‐gel method
Authors: Masuda Noriaki , Kawashita Masakazu , Kokubo Tadashi 
Published: February 2007

AbstractVarious kinds of inorganic substances doped with silver ions have been developed as antibacterial materials, and some have already been commercialized. Previously, we successfully prepared colorless silica glass microspheres doped with silver ions in combination with aluminum ions by a sol‐gel method. However, the antibacterial activity of the microspheres was not maintained for long periods in an aqueous environment, since the silver ions were located only in a thin layer near the surface of the microspheres. In this study, silica glass microspheres in which silver ions are uniformly distributed were attempted to be prepared. A tetraethoxysilane ethanol solution was mixed with aqueous silver nitrate and aluminum nitrate solutions to be subjected to almost simultaneous hydrolysis and polycondensation. An ammonia solution was then added, to form microspheres. Monodispersed microspheres about 0.1 μm in diameter were obtained, which did not show coloring even after heat treatment at 600–1000°C, indicating that the silver in the microspheres took the form of Ag+ ions and not colloid, even after the heat treatments. Microspheres heat‐treated at temperatures ranging from 700 to 800°C showed much higher antibacterial activity than commercial antibacterial zeolites and maintained their high antibacterial activities for long periods in an aqueous environment. Polypropylene plates and films mixed with the microspheres heat‐treated at 800°C showed excellent antibacterial properties. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2007
Do infections provoke exacerbations and relapses of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura?
Authors: Cserti Christine M. , Landaw Stephen , Uhl Lynne 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSeveral case reports have suggested an association between infections and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). In Case 1, a 37‐year‐old female presented with TTP 6 times over 7 years, requiring 242 therapeutic plasma exchanges (TPE), for a per‐course range of 4–57 TPE (median 48), and treatment durations of 4–241 days (median 71 days), largely on account of multiple exacerbations (range 0–3, median 3). Twelve of 17 (71%) of her presentations or exacerbations were associated with suspected infections, with confirmation in 9 episodes. These included pulmonary TB, CMV pneumonitis, mucocutaneous HSV, ventilator‐associated or urinary tract‐associated gram‐negative sepsis, central line‐associated staphylococcal bacteremia, and cellulitis. Except for TB, all infections occurred after splenectomy, which had been performed on day 33 of presentation 1. In Case 2, a 24‐year‐old female presented with TTP 3 times over 15 months. Her courses were managed with brief courses of TPE (5–11 treatments per course, median 5). Suppressed ADAMTS13 levels due to inhibitors were confirmed twice. Presentation 1 was antedated by atypical community acquired pneumonia. Presentation 3 (and possibly 2) followed prolonged, progressive, antibiotic‐refractory periodontal infections ultimately requiring exodontic surgery. Our cases add to a literature that suggests that infection may be associated with exacerbations or relapses of TTP in some patients. Our patients demonstrated repeated TTP exacerbations in association with different infectious agents. A better understanding of the possible relationship between infection and clinical expression of TTP might lead to improved treatment decisions for patients with this complex illness. J. Clin. Apheresis. 22:, 2007 © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Maintaining solvent accessible surface area under rotamer substitution for protein design
Authors: Leaver‐Fay Andrew , Butterfoss Glenn L. , Snoeyink Jack , Kuhlman Brian 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAlthough quantities derived from solvent accessible surface areas (SASA) are useful in many applications in protein design and structural biology, the computational cost of accurate SASA calculation makes SASA‐based scores difficult to integrate into commonly used protein design methodologies. We demonstrate a method for maintaining accurate SASA during a Monte Carlo search of sequence and rotamer space for a fixed protein backbone. We extend the fast Le Grand and Merz algorithm (Le Grand and Merz, J Comput Chem, 14, 349), which discretizes the solvent accessible surface for each atom by placing dots on a sphere and combines Boolean masks to determine which dots are exposed. By replacing semigroup operations with group operations (from Boolean logic to counting dot coverage) we support SASA updates. Our algorithm takes time proportional to the number of atoms affected by rotamer substitution, rather than the number of atoms in the protein. For design simulations with a one hundred residue protein our approach is ∼145 times faster than performing a Le Grand and Merz SASA calculation from scratch following each rotamer substitution. To demonstrate practical effectiveness, we optimize a SASA‐based measure of protein packing in the complete redesign of a large set of proteins and protein–protein interfaces. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 2007
Calcium‐sensing receptor stimulates secretion of an interferon‐γ‐induced monokine (CXCL10) and monocyte chemoattractant protein‐3 in immortalized GnRH neurons
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Sanghamitra , Jeong Kyeong‐Hoon , Hansen Jacob Tfelt , Vassilev Peter M. , Brown Edward M. , Chattopadhyay Naibedya 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBiology of GnRH neurons is critically dependent on extracellular Ca2+ (Ca2+o). We evaluated differences in gene expression patterns with low and high Ca2+o in an immortalized GnRH neuron line, GT1‐7 cells. Mouse global oligonucleotide microarray was used to evaluate transcriptional differences among the genes regulated by elevated Ca2+o. Our result identified two interferon‐γ (IFNγ)‐inducible chemokines, CXCL9 and CXCL10, and a beta chemokine, monocyte chemoattractant protein‐3 (MCP‐3/CCL7), being up‐regulated in GT1‐7 cells treated with high Ca2+o (3.0 mM) compared with low Ca2+o (0.5 mM). Up‐regulation of these mRNAs by elevated Ca2+o was confirmed by quantitative PCR. Elevated Ca2+o stimulated secretion of CXCL10 and MCP‐3 but not CXCL9 in GT1‐7 cells, and this effect was mediated by an extracellular calcium‐sensing receptor (CaR) as the dominant negative CaR attenuated secretion of CXCL10 and MCP‐3. CXCL10 and MCP‐3 were localized in mouse GnRH neurons in the preoptic hypothalamus. Suppression of K+ channels (BK channels) with 25 nM charybdotoxin inhibited high‐Ca2+o‐stimulated CXCL10 release. Accordingly, CaR activation by a specific CaR agonist, NPS‐467, resulted in the activation of a Ca2+‐activated K+ channel in these cells. CaR‐mediated MCP‐3 secretion involves the PI3 kinase pathway in GT1‐7 cells. MCP‐3 stimulated chemotaxis of astrocytes treated with transforming growth factor‐β (TGFβ). With TGFβ‐treated astrocytes, we next observed that conditioned medium from GT1‐7 cells treated with high Ca2+ promoted chemotaxis of astrocytes, and this effect was attenuated by a neutralizing antibody to MCP‐3. These results implicate CaR as an important regulator of GnRH neuron function in vivo by stimulating secretion of heretofore unsuspected cytokines, i.e., CXCL10 and MCP‐3. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Xylanase production by Aspergillus versicolor
Authors: Carmona Eleonora Cano , Pizzirani‐Kleiner Aline A. , Monteiro Regina T. Rosim , Jorge João Atilio 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe xylanolytic system of Aspergillus versicolor is controlled by induction and carbon catabolite repression. Carboxymethylcellulose and wheat bran were the best inducers of xylanolytic activity. When the fungus was grown for 5 days on VOGEL's liquid medium with wheat bran, the optimal pH and temperature for xylanase production were 6.5 and 30 °C, respectively. Optimal conditions for the xylanolytic activity assay were at pH 6.0 and 55 °C. The half‐life at 60 °C of the crude enzyme was 6.5 and 21 minutes, in the absence or presence of substrate, respectively.
Mycoflora of seeds and feeds from the Spanish market
Authors: Cantalejo M. J. , Carrasco J. M. , Hernández E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSurvey of infected seeds and feeds for species of Penicillium, Aspergillus, Fusarium, Rhizopus, Alternaria, Acremonium and yeasts were carried out on samples collected in 1991/92 and 1992/93 from two regions of Spain, one in northern Spain where the annual rainfall is over 900 mm and the other one in southeastern Spain where the annual rainfall is less than about 400 mm. The isolation frequency and genus of fungal contamination were determined in the 657 samples anayzed, and results were analyzed statistically to assess the effects of substrate and meteorological conditions on fungal proliferation.Significant differences were found among the different fungi that contaminated the samples. Penicillium was the most frequently isolated genus in the analyzed samples (62.8% in total), and the predominant species were P. chrysogenum and P. viridicatum. Aspergillus, Fusarium, Rhizopus and yeasts contaminated the samples at an intermediate level (between 21% and 53% of the samples). There was only a statistically significant correlation between the climatic conditions and the fungal contamination caused by yeasts in the samples.
Effect of amino acids on the production and activities of cephalosporin C acylase and penicillin V acylase from Aeromonas species ACY 95
Authors: Dehpande Bhagwant S. , Ambedkar Sudha S. , Shewale Jaiprakash G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAmino acids altered the production and activities of cephalosporin C acylase and penicillin V acylase from Aeromonas species ACY 95 to a varying degree. DL‐Tryptophan enhanced the cephalosporin C acylase formation by 222% while suppressed the penicillin V acylase formation by 68%.
Evaluation of the flocculent strain Zymomonas mobilis Z1‐81 for the production of sorbitol and gluconic acid
Authors: Wisbeck Elisabeth , Ninow Jorge , Jonas Rainer , Silveira Mauricio M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe biological production of sorbitol and gluconic acid from glucose and fructose is normally performed with previously grown and concentrated Zymomonas mobilis suspensions, in reactions catalyzed by the enzymes glucose‐fructose oxidoreductase (GFOR) and glucono‐δ‐lactonase (GL). By using the flocculent strain Z. mobilis Z1‐81, mechanical methods for cell concentration are unnecessary. Flocculation of Z. mobilis Z1‐81 is seriously affected by both stirring and initial glucose concentration (S0). Under mild agitation conditions, with S0 = 100 g · 1−1, up to 76% of the final biomass was recovered by settling. At any impeller speed tested, similar specific GFOR/GL activities (8.4 to 9.5 U · g−1 cell) were measured. When S0 was increased to 144 and 210 g · 1−1, however, enzyme activities above 14 U · g−1 were found. Ideal pH and temperature values for GFOR/GL, in whole Z. mobilis Z1‐81 cells, are 6.4 and 39 °C, respectively. The Km and the theoretical Vmax are 250 g glucose · 1−1 and 26.6 g gluconic acid · g−1 cell · h−1. With the settled biomass, bioconversion of 300 g · 1−1 each of glucose and fructose led to gluconic acid and sorbitol yields between 91 and 92% of the theoretical maximum, with specific productivities of 1.09 and 1.00 g product · g−1 cell · h−1.
Replication of plasmids derived from P1, F, R1, R6K and RK2 replicons in amino acid‐starved Escherichia coli stringent and relaxed strains
Authors: Wróbel Borys , Węgrzyn Grzegorz 
Published: February 2007

AbstractReplication of mini‐plasmids derived from bacteriophage P1 and naturally existing plasmids F, R1, R6K and RK2 in otherwise isogenic relA+ and relA− Escherichia coli strains during amino acid starvation and limitation was investigated. Since it was previously demonstrated that inhibition of DNA synthesis or amplification of plasmid DNA may depend on the nature of deprived amino acid, we starved bacteria for five different amino acids. We found differential replication of all these plasmids but RK2 (which did not replicate at all in amino acid‐starved bacteria) during the stringent and relaxed response. While in almost all cases plasmid DNA replication was inhibited during the stringent response irrespective of the nature of deprived amino acid, wild‐type or copy‐up mini‐P1, mini‐F and mini‐R1 plasmids replicated in relA− bacteria depending on the kind of starvation. R6K‐derived plasmids harbouring ori β and γ (but not those containing ori α, β and γ or only ori γ) were able to replicate in relA− bacteria starved for all tested amino acids. Possible explanations for the mechanisms of regulation of replication of plasmids derived from P1, F, R1, R6K and RK2 during amino acid starvation are discussed. Our results also indicate that, like in the case of some other replicons, appropriate amino acid starvation or limitation may be used as a method for efficient amplification of plasmids derived from P1, F, R1 and R6K.
Southern hemisphere cyclones and anticyclones: recent trends and links with decadal variability in the Pacific Ocean
Authors: Pezza Alexandre Bernardes , Simmonds Ian , Renwick James A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to study the association between the extratropical Southern Hemisphere and the decadal variability in the Pacific Ocean (PO). We discuss a pattern of coherent large‐scale anomalies and trends in cyclone and anticyclone behaviour in light of the climate variability in the PO over the ERA40 reanalysis period (1957–2002). The two representative PO indices are the Pacific Decadal and Interdecadal Oscillations (PDO and IPO), and here the PDO is chosen owing to it being less associated with the southern oscillation index (SOI).Composites of the indicators of the density and intensity of cyclones/anticyclones given by an automatic tracking scheme were calculated for the years when the PDOI was more than one standard deviation above or below its mean. Although the ERA40 is not free from noise and assimilation changes, the results show a large‐scale feature, which seems to be robust and agrees with earlier studies using different data sets.The sea‐level pressure shows a strong annular structure related to the PDO, which is not seen for the SOI, with lower pressure around Antarctica during the positive phase and vice versa. More intense (and fewer) cyclones and anticyclones were observed during the positive PDO. This is less consistent for the SOI, particularly during the summer when a different PDO/SOI pattern arises at high latitudes. The trends project a pattern coincident with the positive PDO phase and seem to be linked with the main climate shift in the late seventies. Trends observed over the Tasman Sea are consistent with declining winter rainfall over southeastern Australia.Most patterns are statistically significant and seem robust, but random changes in ENSO may play a part, to a certain degree, in modulating the results, and a physical mechanism of causality has not been demonstrated. Although global warming and related changes in the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) may also help explain the observed behaviour, the large‐scale response presented here provides a new insight and would be of considerable interest for further modelling studies. Copyright © 2007 Royal Meteorological Society
Age and origin of clayey silt ‚brickearth’︁ in west London, England
Authors: Gibbard Philip L. , Wintle Ann G. , Catt John A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe loamy ‚brickearth’︁ deposits overlying coarse cold climate Kempton Park, Lynch Hill and Taplow Gravels of the R. Thames in west London are dated by thermoluminescence and mineralogical comparisons with loesses of three known ages. Although much of the ‚brickearth’︁ resembles loess, it often contains more sand or clay than typical loess, and the mineralogical studies suggest that even the coarse silt (16–63 μm) fraction is rarely similar in composition to any known English loess. The thermoluminescence measurements suggest that most of the ‚brickearth’︁ on the Taplow and Lynch Hill Gravels was deposited in the late Devensian, whereas that on the Park Gravel is mainly Flandrian. It is suggested that the latter is mainly floodloam, whereas the earlier ‚brickearth’︁ is a mixed aeolian sediment derived from various local sources in and close to the Thames Valley.
An ash fall within the Loch Lomond stadial
Authors: Long David , Morton Andrew C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCores recovered from the Witch Ground Basin (central North Sea) and the northern Rockall Trough, near the Wyville‐Thomson Ridge have been found to contain volcanic glass shards. These have been correlated with the Vedde Ash Bed of western Norway, which has an age of 10600± 60yr BP, and with North Atlantic ash zone 1. This is the first time that this important chronostratigraphic marker has been identified on the UK continental shelf and it is suggested that it might also be present in northern Scotland. If so, it would be a useful tool in the correlation of terrestrial, lacustrine and marine sequences of the Loch Lomond Stadial.
A magnetostratigraphic comparison between 14C years and varve years during the Late Weichselian, indicating significant differences between the time‐scales
Authors: Björck Svante , Sandgren Per , Holmquist Björn 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA 14C‐dated magnetostratigraphy of absolute declination and inclination between 12500 and 10000 14C yr BP was recently developed for southern Sweden. Recently also the Swedish geochronological time‐scale, based on c. 11 500 annually deposited clay‐varves, was connected with the present. It should therefore be possible to compare the two chronologies with a reliable magnetostratigraphic record in an appropriate clay‐varve section. We have found such a site within the Middle Swedish end‐moraine zone. Statistical correlations between the two independently dated time‐scales suggest that at 10500–10200 14Cy r BP the varve chronology exceeds the 14C chronology by the order of 500‐600 varve yr. Other correlations indicate that the difference between the two chronologies was less at 11000 14C yr BP, and further correlations between the time‐scales at 12000 14C yr BP suggest that the difference between the chronologies increased steadily from 12000 to 10000 14C yr BP. If these correlations are correct they imply that the 14C production rate increased steadily during the Late Weichselian.