bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Companion animals and the elderly: A state-of-the-art summary
Authors: Wilson Cindy C. , Netting F. Ellen 
Published: February 2025

Summary
The human/animal relationship exhibited by the elderly and their pets has limitations as well as potentials. The functions of a pet as a companion and social facilitator in pet-facilitated psychotherapy include serving as a cotherapist for facilitation of rapport, providing companionship, substituting for close interpersonal relationships (ie, significant others), enhancing the health status of a variety of target groups, increasing opportunity for sensory stimulation, and providing emotional support and a sense of well-being. Available information was limited because few studies have been replicated, data were not validated, and previous studies were restricted mainly to institutionalized or therapeutic environments. Implications for future research include use of animals for companionship and to promote the physical, social, and emotional health of the elderly.
Clinicopathologic findings in dogs and cats with ethylene glycol intoxication
Authors: Thrall Mary Anna , Grauer Gregory F. , Mero Kendall N. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
Clinicopathologic findings were retrospectively evaluated in 26 cats and 24 dogs with ethylene glycol intoxication. Common clinical signs were ataxia, depression, vomiting, and hypothermia. Characteristic alterations in the hemogram and serum chemical profile included neutrophilia, lymphopenia, azotemia, hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia, hyperglycemia, and decreased whole blood bicarbonate. Common urinalysis findings included isosthenuria, proteinuria, glucosuria, hematuria, calcium oxalate and hippurate crystalluria, and the presence of renal epithelial cells, white blood cells, and granular and cellular casts in the urine sediment. The high death rate (78%) was attributed to delays in presentation, diagnosis, and therapy.
Nasal aspergillosis and penicilliosis in dogs: Results of treatment with thiabendazole
Authors: Harvey Colin E. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
Forty-seven dogs with nasal aspergillosis or penicilliosis were treated with thiabendazole (20 mg/kg orally for 6 weeks). Nasal turbinectomy was performed on 26 of the dogs. Six months or more later, 43% of the dogs were clinically normal or considerably improved; results were better in dogs not treated surgically. It was concluded that thiabendazole at a dosage of 20 mg/kg is not an effective treatment for nasal aspergillosis or penicilliosis in dogs.
Acute toxicosis in swine associated with excessive dietary intake of vitamin D
Authors: Long Gerald G. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
Acute toxicosis developed in a group (n = 35) of fattening hogs and replacement gilts that had excessive vitamin D3 inadvertently added to their feed. All of the pigs were lethargic, and emesis was evident in about half of the pigs 1 to 2 days after they consumed the feed. On the 2nd day, 3 of the pigs died. The remaining pigs were given a different ration. Five additional pigs died during the next 2 weeks. Clinical toxicosis also was observed in 1 of 2 feeder pigs fed the suspect feed in the laboratory and in 2 of2 pigs fed the suspect feed by the company that had mixed the feed.
Gross necropsy findings consistently observed were hemorrhagic gastritis and diffuse interstitial pneumonia. Myocardial degeneration and nephrosis were seen in, respectively, 1 of 6 and 4 of 6 pigs necropsied. Histologically, necrosis and mineralization of variable severity were observed in the fundic gastric mucosa, lungs, kidneys, bone, heart, and small blood vessels of the lungs and heart. Less necrosis and more mineralization were observed in pigs that survived longer than 6 days.
The 2 pigs fed the suspect feed in the laboratory had increased concentrations of serum calcium from the 3rd to the 9th days or the 1st to the 3rd days, after feeding the suspect feed. Serum phosphorus concentrations were increased from the 1st until the 2nd or 3rd day, and serum magnesium concentrations were increased from the 1st or 2nd to the 3rd day after feeding the suspect feed. The blood urea nitrogen concentrations were not excessive except in the sample taken at the time of death from 1 pig. The blood urea nitrogen values and the severity of the gastric and pulmonary lesions in comparison with the renal lesions suggested that tissue necrosis was due to a direct toxic effect and not secondary to renal disease.
Perforated abomasal ulcers in adult dairy cows
Authors: Palmer Jonathan E. , Whitlock Robert H. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
Case records of adult dairy cattle with abomasal ulcers admitted to the University of Pennsylvania from 1968 through 1980 were evaluated. Of 6,385 adult dairy cattle admitted during that period, 69 had abomasal ulcers of clinical importance. Of 43 ulcers that had perforated, 17 were associated with local peritonitis and 22 were associated with diffuse peritonitis; 4 had perforated so recently that peritonitis had not had time to develop. Perforated ulcers were found in 40 cows that had recently calved (32 cows with ulcers that had perforated within 4 weeks after calving) and often had concurrent disease(s) (39 cows with at least one other disease). Ten cows with local peritonitis survived, whereas only 2 of the cows with diffuse peritonitis survived.
Studies on equine infectious anemia virus transmission by insects
Authors: Issel Charles J. , Foil Lane D. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
There are several factors involved in the mechanical transmission of equine infectious anemia (eia) virus by insects. Large hematophagous insects, especially tabanids, which feed from extravascular sites (ie, pool feeding) appear to be the most efficient vectors. The biology of the host-seeking and bloodfeeding behavior of the vectors are important variables that have been overlooked in the mechanical transmission of pathogens like eia virus. The biology, population levels, and diversity of the vectors, in addition to the clinical status and proximity of eia virus-infected horses maintained with susceptible animals are all important variables that contribute to eia virus transmission in nature.
Intra-Articular Corticosteroid- and Exercise-Induced Arthropathy in a Horse
Authors: Owen Rh. ap Rh. , Marsh J. A. , Hallett F. R. , Lumsden J. H. , Johnson J. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
Methylprednisolone acetate was injected repeatedly into both intercarpal joints of a horse that had a 3rd carpal bone fracture in 1 limb. Synovial fluid from intercarpal and radiocarpal joints of both limbs were obtained serially for study.
Arthropathy developed in the fractured joint following prolonged corticosteroid therapy and exercise. In the corticosteroid-injected normal joint, the hyaluronic acid concentration initially decreased, then increased. A depletion in cartilage matrix was seen at necropsy, 175 days after onset of treatment.
Determination of total protein content in synovial fluid gave the earliest indication of impending arthropathy, but viscosity studies in association with determination of hyaluronic acid concentration gave a definitive assessment of joint integrity.
Lymphosarcoma and associated immune-mediated hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia in horses
Authors: Reef virginia B. , Dyson Sue S. , Beech Jill 
Published: February 2025

Summary
Three horses with equine lymphosarcoma were examined because of clinical signs including chronic weight loss, respiratory distress, peripheral edema, and chronic colic. Clinicopathologic findings included evidence of an immune-mediated hemolytic anemia. Immune-mediated thrombocytopenia also was diagnosed in 1 of the horses and suspected in another.
One horse died in spite of treatment, 1 died 5 hours after surgical removal of a tumor encircling the jejunum, and 1 was euthanatized because of deteriorating condition. Necropsy of each horse revealed extensive neoplastic infiltration of peripheral lymph nodes and abdominal or thoracic viscera with neoplastic lymphocytes.
Urinary acidification in the prevention and treatment of feline struvite urolithiasis
Authors: Taton Glenda F. , Hamar Dwayne W. , Lewis Lon D. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Two groups of 12 cats were fed ad libitum an experimental dry expanded ration high in magnesium (0.37%, dry matter basis) and similar to most commercial dry cat foods in all other nutrients. The diet of one of the groups contained 1.5% ammonium chloride, which was added to the diet before processing.
Urethral obstruction developed twice in 7 of the 12 cats fed the ration without ammonium chloride. Of the 5 remaining cats in that group, 2 had calculi in the urinary bladder and urethra at necropsy. In contrast, only 2 of the 12 cats fed the ration containing ammonium chloride had urethral blockage once; neither cat had another blockage. Both cats had been catheterized twice as paired controls before urethral obstruction. One of these 2 cats died from a urinary tract infection apparently introduced through the indwelling catheter, and at necropsy there were 2 small calculi in the urethra. At the end of the study, only 1 other cat fed the ammonium chloride diet had a calculus in the urinary bladder at necropsy; this cat had not had a urethral obstruction throughout the study.
After each cat had 2 urethral blockages, its diet was changed. Four cats were fed the ration containing ammonium chloride and 3, a dry, commercial ration. Of the 4 cats fed the diet containing ammonium chloride, none developed another urethral obstruction within 6 months, and at necropsy, no calculi were in the urinary bladder or urethra. Two of the 3 cats fed the commercial ration experienced urethral blockage within 3 months. These 2 cats were then fed the diet containing ammonium chloride. They had no further urethral obstruction, and at necropsy 3 and 6 months later, calculi were not found.
Chemical and physical properties of 5 experimentally induced and 5 naturally formed feline uroliths were determined. Chemical composition and x-ray diffraction analysis indicated that both kinds of calculi were struvite, ie, magnesium ammonium phosphate hexahydrate (MgNH4PO4·6H2O).
This study demonstrated that ammonium chloride effectively acidified and maintained the urinary pH below 6.6 (the pH at which struvite dissolves) for a prolonged time. The pH may have been an important factor in preventing calculus formation and dissolving struvite calculi in the bladder; however, the interaction of other contributing factors was not measured. It was concluded that ammonium chloride, at 1.5% of the diet, would be useful in the prevention and treatment of feline struvite urolithiasis.
Constrictive pericardial disease in the dog
Authors: Thomas William P. , Reed John R. , Bauer Timothy G. , Breznock Eugene M. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
The clinicopathologic features of constrictive pericardial disease in 13 dogs were reviewed. The causes were infection (3 dogs), metallic foreign body (1 dog), and idiopathic (9 dogs). Owner complaints included abdominal enlargement, tachypnea, weakness or syncope, exertional fatigue, and weight loss. Ascites and jugular venous distention were consistently observed, whereas abnormalities of arterial pulses and heart sounds were variable and inconsistent. Diminished QRS voltages were common. Mild to moderate cardiomegaly, rounding of the cardiac silhouette, and variable and nonspecific angiographic findings were frequently observed. Cardiac catheterization consistently showed elevation and equilibration of atrial and ventricular diastolic pressures, but a prominent early diastolic (y) descent was uncommon. Fibrosis was confined to the parietal pericardium in 8 dogs, and included the epicardium in 5 dogs. Parietal pericardectomy was successful in relieving the syndrome in 6 of 10 dogs. Pulmonary thrombosis was the most common cause of early postoperative mortality.
Cranial tibial wedge osteotomy: A technique for eliminating cranial tibial thrust in cranial cruciate ligament repair
Authors: Slocum Barclay , Devine Theresa 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Cranial tibial wedge osteotomy, a surgical technique for cranial cruciate ligament rupture, was performed on 19 stifles in dogs. This procedure leveled the tibial plateau, thus causing weight-bearing forces to be compressive and eliminating cranial tibial thrust. Without cranial tibial thrust, which was antagonistic to the cranial cruciate ligament and its surgical reconstruction, cruciate ligament repairs were allowed to heal without constant loads. This technique was meant to be used as an adjunct to other cranial cruciate ligament repair techniques.
Cecal impaction in the horse
Authors: Campbell Martha L. , Colahan Patrick C. , Brown Murray P. , Grandstedt Marta E. , Peyton Llewellyn C. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
During a 3-year period, cecal impaction was diagnosed in 21 horses (mean age, 8 years) at exploratory celiotomy or necropsy. In 7 horses, typhlotomy was used to remove the impaction; 2 horses treated by fluid injection of the impaction did not survive. The 12 other horses had cecal rupture. Surgical correction was not possible in those horses because of inaccessibility of the rupture site. Postmortem examination of the rupture sites did not reveal a cause other than cecal impaction. The duration of clinical signs before rupture ranged from 4 to 96 hours.
Effect of hyposensitization on atopic dermatitis in dogs
Authors: Willemse A. , Brom W. E. Van den , Rijnberk A. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
In a double-blind study, 51 dogs with clinically defined atopic dermatitis were injected with either alum-precipitated allergen solutions or a placebo.
Comparing the treatment results of both groups on the basis of scores for clinical signs, a significant difference in clinical improvement was established in favor of the allergen-treated dogs (P < 0.01). The proportional changes of scores for clinical signs in the allergen-treated group ranged between + 27.3% and −100% (median, − 61.5%) and in the placebo group between + 36.4% and − 100% (median, 0.0%) with respect to the initial scores. Immediate skin test reactivity disappeared only in the dogs with a good clinical response.
Of 27 dogs treated with an allergen solution, 16 (59.3%) had an improvement of 51% or more. In the placebo group, 5 of 24 dogs (20.8%) reacted this way. There was total remission of the clinical signs in 9 and 4 dogs, respectively. In the dogs in which, after 9 months of hyposensitization, any improvement was observed, the chance for final improvement of more than 51% was calculated as 84%. Discriminant analysis revealed that evaluation of the effect of immunotherapy can be restricted to the 9-month follow-up examination.
Congenital nuclear cataracts in the Morgan horse
Authors: Beech Jill , Aguirre Gustavo , Gross Stephen 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Nuclear cataracts were found in 2 groups of related Morgan horses. The cataracts were finely reticulated central spherical translucencies that sometimes extended to the region of the posterior “Y” suture. The cataracts were not associated with other ocular defects and did not impair vision. In 1 group of 8 horses, 5 were affected; in the other group, 6 of 8 were affected. Although a pattern of inheritance could not be determined, the familial distribution of the cataracts supported the conclusion that the defect was a heritable disorder.
Treatment of cardiac arrhythmias in dogs with gastric distention-volvulus
Authors: Muir W. W. , Bonagura J. D. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
Lidocaine, procainamide, quinidine, or a combination of these drugs was used to treat a variety of cardiac arrhythmias in 70 dogs with gastric distention-volvulus. Antiarrhythmic drugs were administered by constant infusion, the double-infusion technique, or intramuscular injection. Most cardiac arrhythmias were ventricular in origin, although supraventricular arrhythmias including atrial fibrillation also were included. Normal sinus rhythm was reestablished in greater than 85% of the dogs treated. Restoration to normal rhythm was improved by combination drug therapy, normalization of acidbase balance, and appropriate electrolyte therapy.
Seasonal variation of histomorphologic features of equine endometrium
Authors: Gross Thelma Lee , LeBlanc Michelle M. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
The effect of seasonal morphologic variation of equine endometrium on histologic interpretation of periglandular fibrosis was investigated in 5 mares. Endometrial tissue was procured monthly and examined microscopically for the degree of periglandular fibrosis. A prognostic category for each mare was based on the mean number of fibrotic foci per linear field of 5.5 mm. It was found that seasonal changes reflected in endometrial glands and stroma influenced quantitative assessment of fibrosis. This occasionally resulted in a change in the assigned prognostic category. Marked nonseasonal variation in degree of fibrosis was observed in 1 mare, thus indicating that a nonuniform distribution of lesions may influence histologic evaluation of the endometrium.
Central tarsal bone fractures in the racing Greyhound: A review of 114 cases
Authors: Boudrieau Randy J. , Dee Jon F. , Dee Larry G. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
A total of 114 central tarsal bone (Tc) fractures, including associated secondary fractures, were identified in 114 racing Greyhounds. The fractures were classified according to a previously described scheme. The type IV Tc fracture, dorsal and medial slab fractures, was most common. A Tc fracture alone, or a Tc fracture with associated fractures of the 4th tarsal bone (T4), calcaneus, or T4 and lateral base of the 5th metatarsal bone were the most commonly observed. The prevalence of secondary fractures increased with the severity of the Tc fracture.
Management of Tc fractures involved 3 methods: coaptation, single-screw fixation, and 2-screw fixation. Additional repair was performed as indicated by the presence of concurrent secondary fractures. A total of 71% of the dogs returned to competitive racing.
Fluoride toxicosis in wild ungulates
Authors: Shupe J. L. , Olson A. E. , Peterson H. B. , Low J. B. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
To compare the occurrence of chronic fluoride toxicosis in wild and domestic animals in selected areas of Utah, Idaho, Montana, and Wyoming, deer, elk, and bison bones and teeth were collected for evaluation. Vegetation and drinking water samples also were collected, so that potential sources of fluoride could be evaluated.
Deer, elk, and bison were found to be susceptible to the adverse effects of ingestion of excessive amounts of fluoride. Teeth and bones were primarily affected with characteristic lesions. Pathognomonic soft tissue changes were not observed. The animals had been exposed to a variety of sources of excessive fluoride, including water high in fluoride, forages contaminated by industrial effluents that were high in fluoride, vegetation contaminated with high fluoride-content soil by rain splash or wind, or a combination of these sources. Waters high in fluoride, especially from geothermal springs and wells, often contained appreciable amounts of various soluble salts.
Evidence accumulated from specimens collected throughout the aforementioned states indicated that there are areas where chronic fluoride toxicosis is a problem for wildlife. These areas were where natural sources of fluorine (especially geothermal waters) provided amounts for ingestion that exceed species tolerance limits or were near certain industrial operations.
Industrial lead contamination of an Illinois wildlife refuge and indigenous small mammals
Authors: Kisseberth William C. , Sundberg John P. , Nyboer Randy W. , Reynolds J. D. , Kasten S. C. , Beasley Val R. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
Deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) were trapped from a sand prairie at various distances from an adjacent battery lead reclamation plant. Analysis of liver, kidney, and bone for lead concentrations showed an increase of tissue lead concentrations over controls to a distance of approximately 400 m. Soil and plant lead concentrations roughly correlated with the findings in deer mouse tissues. At higher tissue lead concentrations, acid-fast staining intranuclear inclusions within renal tubular epithelial cells were an occasional finding.
Nephrotic syndrome associated with renal amyloidosis in a colony of Syrian hamsters
Authors: Murphy James C. , Fox James G. , Niemi Steven M. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
A 6% incidence of nephrotic syndrome was noted in a colony of 400 Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) over a period of 2 years. Clinical findings consisted of severe ascites and anasarca, anorexia, cachexia, and papular dermatitis. Serum and urine chemical analysis revealed proteinuria and hypoalbuminemia in all animals tested; hypoproteinemia and high concentrations of serum cholesterol, triglycerides, and creatinine were detected in some of the affected hamsters. Demodex aurati was detected in skin scrapings from 4 of 8 hamsters. Necropsy findings included subcutaneous edema, ascites, and hydrothorax, as well as atrophic kidneys and testes. Extensive deposits of type AA amyloid were detected histologically in kidney, liver, spleen, and adrenal gland; smaller deposits were found in thyroid gland and intestine. Other histologic findings included periodontitis and hyalinization of the small arteries of the testes.
New Lyapunov functions for systems with source terms
Authors: Gugat Martin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Lyapunov functions with exponential weights have been used successfully as a powerful tool for the stability analysis of hyperbolic systems of balance laws. In this paper we extend the class of weight functions to a family of hyperbolic functions and study the advantages in the analysis of 2 × 2 systems of balance laws. We present cases connected with the study of the limit of stabilizability, where the new weights provide Lyapunov functions that show exponential stability for a larger set of problem parameters than classical exponential weights.
Moreover, we show that sufficiently large time-delays influence the limit of stabilizability in the sense that the parameter set, for which the system can be stabilized becomes substantially smaller.
We also demonstrate that the hyperbolic weights are useful in the analysis of the boundary feedback stability of systems of balance laws that are governed by quasilinear hyperbolic partial differential equations.
Analysis of Reading Comprehension to Solve Problems on "Descriptive Task" of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Students
Authors: Qowiyudin Agus , Salma Hulliyatus , Hidayati Rina 
Published: February 2025

Abstract:Â This study was conducted to determine the reading comprehension ability and text problem solving ability of fifth grade students of MINU Nurul Huda. This research method used qualitative methodology. The principal, fifth grade teacher, and fifth grade students became the four subjects of this study. Data collection methods were carried out by means of interviews, observation, and documentation. Data analysis in this study was carried out using the interactive model data analysis technique, which includes data reduction, data presentation, inference, and validation steps. Source triangulation was also used to ensure the validity of the data in this study. The findings in this study show that all fifth grade students are proficient in reading and understanding reading texts, some students are able to understand the text after reading it, and fifth grade students are also proficient in writing. To understand a reading, the first thing students must do is read the text, understand the content of the text, and also be able to interpret the meaning of the text, on average they already have the ability to draw conclusions from a reading. Only a few of the students scored below the required score on the text test.