bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Importance of tumor thickness and depth of invasion in nodal involvement and prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma: A review of the literature
Authors: Pentenero Monica , Gandolfo Sergio , Carrozzo Marco 
Published: October 2005

AbstractBackground.Oral mucosa squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has locoregional evolution, with frequent neck involvement (the most important parameter for prognosis). There are still many doubts concerning the best way to approach N0 neck disease in early‐stage lesions (T1 and T2). Many parameters have been studied to identify N0 patients with a high likelihood of harboring occult node metastases or of having them develop.Methods.A review of the studies analyzing “tumor thickness”/“depth of invasion” in predicting regional metastases and survival was undertaken.Results.The literature suggests that “tumor thickness”/“depth of invasion” is a reliable parameter for predicting regional nodal involvement and survival in OSCC.Conclusions.Authors are in substantial agreement regarding the reliability of tumor thickness. The lack of comparable study groups, measurement techniques, and cut‐off values points to the need for further studies so as to reach a consensus and to develop therapy protocols that include tumor thickness. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 27: XXX–XXX, 2005
The effect of nimesulide, a selective cyclooxygenase‐2 inhibitor, on Ets‐1 and Ets‐2 expression in head and neck cancer cell lines
Authors: Lamm Wolfgang , Vormittag Laurenz , Turhani Dritan , Erovic Boban M. , Czembirek Cornelia , Eder‐Czembirek Christina , Thurnher Dietmar 
Published: October 2005

AbstractBackground.The protooncogenes Ets‐1 and Ets‐2 are involved in carcinogenesis of different tumors. Nimesulide, a selective cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) inhibitor, has antiproliferative effects on tumor cells. The question arises whether nimesulide influences Ets‐1 and Ets‐2 synthesis in head and neck tumors.Methods.Expression of Ets‐1 and Ets‐2 was analyzed in tumor tissues by immunohistochemistry. The influence of nimesulide and an extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) inhibitor on cell proliferation of two head and neck cancer cell lines and Ets‐1 and Ets‐2 expression was determined by automated cell counting and Western blotting, respectively.Results.Immunohistochemistry showed a high expression of Ets‐1 and Ets‐2 in tumor tissues. In both cell lines, Ets‐1 and Ets‐2 expression were reduced after 24 and 48 hours by nimesulide.Conclusion.Both Ets‐1 and Ets‐2 are overexpressed in head and neck cancer specimens. Inhibition of Ets‐1 and Ets‐2 expression in head and neck cancer cell lines by nimesulide might explain the proapoptotic property of this COX‐2 inhibitor. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 27: XXX–XXX, 2005
c‐kit expression in adenoid cystic carcinoma does not have an impact on local or distant tumor recurrence
Authors: Aslan Deniz L. , Oprea Gabriela M. , Jagush Shanna M. , Gulbahce H. Evin , Adams George L. , Gaffney Patrick M. , Savik Kay , Pambuccian Stefan E. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractBackground.Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a neoplasm with unpredictable behavior with frequent late relapses that lacks good prognostic indicators. c‐kit tyrosine kinase oncogene has recently been found to be expressed in ACC. The aim of this study is to correlate the expression of c‐kit in ACC with clinical follow‐up.Methods.Paraffin sections of 45 cases of ACC diagnosed during a 15‐year period were immunostained for c‐kit.Results.Seventy‐eight percent of tumors stained positive for c‐kit. Mean follow‐up time was 6 years. No degree/pattern of c‐kit expression correlated to local or distant tumor recurrence. However, there was a significant association between surgical margin involvement by tumor and cell membrane expression of c‐kit. Staining quality was not affected by storage time.Conclusions.Our results suggest that expression of c‐kit may not serve as a useful marker for predicting outcome in ACC, although they need to be confirmed in a larger patient population with longer clinical follow‐up. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 27: XXX–XXX, 2005
Thixotrophy property of hydrogels to evaluate the cell growing on the inside of the material bulk (Amber effect)
Authors: Barbucci Rolando , Leone Gemma , Lamponi Stefania 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThe realization of injectable hydrogels is one of the most challenging aims of biomedical research. Most injectable hydrogels are obtained by photopolymerization in situ. A hydrogel which is able to pass through a needle without losing its structure once crosslinked would be of great interest for several biomedical applications. In this work, hyaluronane and alginate–based 50% hydrogels were synthesized, their thixotrophic behavior was verified and their mechanical properties (G′ and G″) were determined before and after the passage through the needle. A morphological analysis by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was also performed in order to evaluate the effect of the passage of the hydrogel through the needle on the morphological structure of the material. The thixotrophic property of these hydrogels is used to realize a cell‐containing material that supports cell proliferation and growth permitting in vivo engineering of new tissues. In fact, thixotrophic hydrogel can be sucked together with cell suspension and in this way cells remain entrapped inside the hydrogel structure (Amber effect). A comparison of the cell growth using this technique with the classical seeding technique (cell seeding onto the hydrogel) was performed. A different behavior was found between hyaluronane and alginate–based hydrogels. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2006
Influence of powder particle size distribution on complex viscosity and other properties of acrylic bone cement for vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty
Authors: Hernández Lidia , Gurruchaga Mariló , Goñi Isabel 
Published: October 2005

AbstractFor use in vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty, an acrylic bone cement should possess many characteristics, such as high radiopacity, low and constant viscosity during its application, low value of the maximum temperature reached during the polymerization process (Tmax), a setting time (tset) that is neither too low nor too high, and high compressive strength. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of the powder particle distribution on various properties of one acrylic bone cement; namely, residual monomer content, Tmax, tset, complex viscosity, storage and loss moduli, injectability, and quasi‐static compressive strength and modulus. It was found that the formulations that possessed the most suitable complex viscosity‐versus‐mixing time characteristics are those in which the ratio of the large poly(methyl methacrylate) beads (of mean diameter 118.4 μm) to the small ones (of mean diameter 69.7 μm) was at least 90% w/w. For these formulations, the values of the other properties determined were acceptable. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2006
Degenerate PCR method for identification of an antiapoptotic gene in BHV‐1
Authors: Marfè G. , De Martino L. , Filomeni G. , Di Stefano C. , Giganti M.G. , Pagnini U. , Napolitano F. , Iovane G. , Ciriolo M.R. , Salimei P. Sinibaldi 
Published: October 2005

AbstractTo investigate on the hypothetical presence of an antiapoptotic gene, we utilized the CODEHOP (COnsensus‐DEgenerate Hybrid Oligonucleotide Primers) strategy amplifying unknown sequences from a background of genomic (bovine herpesvirus type‐1) BHV‐1 DNA. An alignment of carboxyl‐terminal domains belonging to three proteins encoded by γ34.5, MyD116 and GADD34 genes, was carried out to design degenerate PCR primers in highly conserved regions. This allowed the amplification of a 110 bp fragment. This fragment was subjected to automatic sequencing and DNA sequence analysis revealed that its position resided between the nt 14363 and the nt 14438 in bovine herpesvirus type‐1 (BHV‐1) Cooper strain sharing an identity of 86% (UL14). Transient transfections showed that UL14 protein is efficient in protecting MDBK and K562 cells from sorbitol induced apoptosis. The protein's anti‐apoptotic function may derive from its heat shock protein‐like properties. J. Cell. Biochem. 97: 813–823, 2006. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dynamic lipidomics of the nucleus
Authors: Hunt Alan N. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractOnce nuclear envelope membranes have been removed from isolated nuclei, around 6% of mammalian cell phospholipid is retained within the nuclear matrix, which calculations suggest may occupy 10% of the volume of this subcellular compartment. It is now acknowledged that endonuclear phospholipid, largely ignored for the past 40 years, provides substrate for lipid‐mediated signaling events. However, given its abundance, it likely also has other as yet incompletely defined roles. Endonuclear phosphatidylcholine is the predominant phospholipid comprising distinct and highly saturated molecular species compared with that of the whole cell. Moreover, this unusual composition is subject to tight homeostatic maintenance even under conditions of extreme dietary manipulation, presumably reflecting a functional requirement for highly saturated endonuclear phosphatidylcholine. Recent application of new lipidomic technologies exploiting tandem electrospray ionization mass spectrometry in conjunction with deuterium stable isotope labeling have permitted us to probe not just molecular species compositions but endonuclear phospholipid acquisition and turnover with unparalleled sensitivity and specificity. What emerges is a picture of a dynamic pool of endonuclear phospholipid subject to autonomous regulation with respect to bulk cellular phospholipid metabolism. Compartmental biosynthesis de novo of endonuclear phosphatidylcholine contrasts with import of phosphatidylinositol synthesized elsewhere. However, irrespective of the precise temporal–spatial–dynamic relationships underpinning phospholipid acquisition, derangement of endonuclear lipid‐mediated signaling from these parental phospholipids halts cell growth and division indicating a pivotal control point. This in turn defines the manipulation of compartmentalized endonuclear phospholipid acquisition and metabolism as intriguing potential targets for the development of future antiproliferative strategies. J. Cell. Biochem. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Organization of the coelomic lining and a juxtaposed nerve plexus in the suckered tube feet of Parastichopus californicus (Echinodermata: Holothuroida)
Authors: Cavey Michael J. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThe coelomic lining of the water‐vascular canal in a suckered tube foot from the sea cucumber, Parastichopus californicus, is a pseudostratified myoepithelium consisting of flagellated adluminal cells and myofilament‐bearing retractor cells. The bodies of adluminal cells flank the water‐vascular canal and send basal processes between the underlying retractor cells to confront the podial connective tissue. Retractor cells have a contractile apparatus of unregistered thick and thin myofilaments. The contractile apparatus is confined to the medullary sarcoplasm and oriented parallel to the primary axis of a tube foot. The bodies and processes of retractor cells intermingle with the basal processes of adluminal cells at the basal lamina of the coelomic lining. A ganglionated nerve plexus in the podial connective tissue approximates the basal lamina. Neuronal connectives link the ganglia to one another and to the nerve plexus in deep sectors of the podial epidermis. External laminae enveloping the ganglia and connectives in the podial connective tissue are continuous with the basal lamina of the epidermis. The adventitial nerve plexus, since it merges with the epidermal nerve plexus, is a component of the ectoneural division of the echinoderm nervous system. J. Morphol. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Binucleate trophoblast giant cells in the water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) placenta
Authors: Carvalho A.F. , Klisch K. , Miglino M.A. , Pereira F.T.V. , Bevilacqua E. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThe binucleate trophoblast giant cells (BNC) of the water buffalo, Bubalus bubalis, placenta were studied, with emphasis on the synthesis of BNC‐specific proteins. Placentomal tissues of 27 water buffalos (2–10 months of pregnancy) were processed for light and electron microscopy. The frequency of BNCs was 20% of the trophoblastic cells in 2–3‐month placentas and increased to 27% in the later stages. Ultrastructurally, binucleate cells displayed a prominent granular endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus, typical of cells involved with protein synthesis and exportation. The buffalo BNCs contained periodic acid‐Schiff (PAS)‐positive granules and reacted with antisera against bovine placental lactogen, prolactin‐related protein‐I, and pregnancy‐associated glycoproteins. Lectin histochemistry with Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Vicia villosa agglutinin, and Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin showed specific staining of BNCs. Different stages of BNC migration and fusion with uterine epithelial cells were observed. Trinucleate feto‐maternal hybrid cells were the typical outcome of cell fusions. These cells underwent degeneration, with typical morphological features of apoptosis. The results revealed a strong homology between water buffalo and cattle BNCs concerning cell morphology, protein expression, glycosylation pattern, and characteristics of cell migration and fusion. J. Morphol. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effect of Er:YAG laser on enamel acid resistance: Morphlogical and atomic spectrometry analysis
Authors: Cecchini Renata Cristina M. , Zezell Denise Maria , de Oliveira Elisabeth , de Freitas Patricia M. , Eduardo Carlos de P. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThis study evaluated the effect of Er:YAG laser on enamel acid resistance.Study Design/Materials and MethodsSeventy human enamel slabs were randomly divided into seven groups (n = 10): G1, Er:YAG laser (Key Laser 2, KaVo, Germany) 60 mJ, 2 Hz, 33.3 J/cm2 (handpiece no. 2051, non‐contact); G2, Er:YAG laser 80 mJ, 2 Hz, 44.4 J/cm2 (handpiece no. 2051, non‐contact); G3, Er:YAG laser 120 mJ, 2 Hz, 66.6 J/cm2 (handpiece no. 2051, non‐contact); G4, Er:YAG laser 64 mJ, 2 Hz, 20 J/cm2 (handpiece no. 2055, contact); G5, Er:YAG laser 86.4 mJ, 2 Hz, 26.9 J/cm2 (handpiece no. 2055, contact); G6, Er:YAG laser 135 mJ, 2 Hz, 42.2 J/cm2 (handpiece no. 2055, contact); G7, control. After laser irradiation, samples were submitted to an acid challenge. For both the nos. 2051 and 2055 handpieces, irradiation was performed with a water cooled spray (5.0 ml/minutes). The calcium and phosphorous ions delivered from the tooth surface were quantified by atomic emission spectrometry, and morphological analysis of the enamel surface was performed under scanning electron microscopy. Kruskal–Wallis and multiple comparisons tests were applied to distinguish significant differences among the treatments (α = 5%).ResultsGroups G1, G2, and G4 presented decreased demineralization. The SEM evaluation revealed different surface alterations as a result of the different energies used.ConclusionLower energies can decrease enamel solubility without severe alterations of the enamel. Lasers Surg. Med. 00:1–7,2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Autofluorescence characterization for the early diagnosis of neoplastic changes in DMBA/TPA‐induced mouse skin carcinogenesis
Authors: Diagaradjane Parmeswaran , Yaseen Mohammad A. , Yu Jie , Wong Michael S. , Anvari Bahman 
Published: October 2005

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveSquamous cell carcinoma (SCC), the second most common skin cancer, usually remains confined to the epidermis for some time but eventually penetrates the underlying tissues, if left untreated. The non‐invasive early detection of the SCC is important for appropriate therapeutic strategies. In this study, we aim to characterize the tissue transformation in DMBA/TPA induced mouse skin tumor model using autofluorescence excitation emission matrix (EEM) in conjunction with a multivariate statistical method for early detection of the neoplastic changes.Study Design/Materials and MethodsThe fluorescence EEM from experimental group (n = 40; DMBA/TPA application), control group (n = 6; acetone application), and the blank group (n = 6; no application of DMBA/TPA or acetone) were measured every week using a spectrofluorometer coupled with a fiber optic bundle. The EEM was recorded at excitation wavelengths from 280 to 460 nm at 10 nm intervals and the fluorescence emission was scanned from 300 to 750 nm. The fluorescence emission characteristics corresponding to different fluorophores were extracted from the EEM and the spectral data were used in a multiple/linear discriminant statistical algorithm.ResultsThe changes in the fluorescence emission intensity were observed as early as the 1st week of tumor initiation by DMBA. Morphological changes as well as differences in the gross appearance of the skin surface were observed during the entire tumor initiation and promotion period of 15 weeks. The statistical analysis was performed for each excitation wavelength in the EEM and better classification accuracy was obtained for 280 and 410 nm excitations, corresponding to tryptophan and endogenous porphyrins, respectively. The statistical analysis of the combination wavelengths resulted in 11.6% increase in the overall classification accuracy when compared to the highest classification accuracy obtained with single wavelength analysis.ConclusionThe intensity ratio mapping using the combination of emission intensities of key fluorophores such as tryptophan, collagen, NADH, and endogenous porphyrins from the measured EEM in conjunction with a simple multivariate statistical analysis can be used as a potential tool for the discrimination of early neoplastic changes with improved classification accuracy. Tryptophan and endogenous porphyrins may be used as biomarkers for the discrimination of early neoplastic changes when single wavelength excitations are used. Lasers Surg. Med. 00:1–14,2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effects of monopolar radiofrequency treatment over soft‐tissue fillers in an animal model: Part 1
Authors: England Laura J. , Tan Mei‐Heng , Shumaker Peter R. , Egbert Barbara M. , Pittelko Kim , Orentreich David , Pope Karl 
Published: October 2005

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesMonopolar radiofrequency (RF) treatment is used by physicians to tighten and contour the skin of their patients. In many cases, patients have received prior treatment with other aesthetic modalities such as soft‐tissue augmentation or they may wish to receive these treatment modalities simultaneously. Together, soft‐tissue augmentation and monopolar RF treatment have the potential to restore tissue volume and improve facial laxity. To date, no published studies have documented the effects of RF treatment directly over soft‐tissue fillers.Study Design/Materials and MethodsWe examined the tissue interactions of monopolar RF heating with five commonly injected fillers in a juvenile pig model. This is the first part of a two‐part study. In this study, the interaction of monopolar RF and filler substances was examined over a period of 4 months. The five soft‐tissue fillers examined were cross‐linked human collagen (Cosmoplast™), hyaluronic acid (Restylane®), calcium hydroxylapatite (Radiesse™), polylactic acid (Sculptra™), and liquid injectable silicone (Silikon™ 1000).ResultsThere was no apparent increase in the risk of local burns and no observable effect of RF treatment on filler persistence in the tissue. With monopolar RF treatment, an increase in fibroplasia and collagen deposition surrounding Restylane, Radiesse, and Sculptra was observed. When scored in a blinded fashion, the increase in collagen deposition was statistically significant for Radiesse.ConclusionsIn this animal study, RF treatment had no observed adverse effect on filler collagen responses or persistence. Filler presence did not increase the risk of undesirable thermal effects with monopolar RF treatment. Further clinical studies are required to evaluate the effect of monopolar RF treatment over dermal fillers with respect to aesthetic outcome. Lasers Surg. Med. 00:1–10,2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Applications of gene targeting technology to mental retardation and developmental disability research
Authors: Pimenta Aurea F. , Levitt Pat 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThe human and mouse genome projects elucidated the sequence and position map of innumerous genes expressed in the central nervous system (CNS), advancing our ability to manipulate these sequences and create models to investigate regulation of gene expression and function. In this article, we reviewed gene targeting methodologies with emphasis on applications to CNS development and neurodevelopmental disorders. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. MRDD Research Reviews 2005;11:295–302.
Neurophysiologic evaluation of early cognitive development in high‐risk infants and toddlers
Authors: deRegnier Raye‐Ann 
Published: October 2005

AbstractNew knowledge of the perceptual, discriminative, and memory capabilities of very young infants has opened the door to further evaluation of these abilities in infants who have risk factors for cognitive impairments. A neurophysiologic technique that has been very useful in this regard is the recording of event‐related potentials (ERPs). The event‐related potential (ERP) technique is widely used by cognitive neuroscientists to study cognitive abilities such as discrimination, attention, and memory. This method has many attractive attributes for use in infants and children as it is relatively inexpensive, does not require sedation, has excellent temporal resolution, and can be used to evaluate early cognitive development in preverbal infants with limited behavioral repertories. In healthy infants and children, ERPs have been used to gain a further understanding of early cognitive development and the effect of experience on brain function. Recently, ERPs have been used to elucidate atypical memory development in infants of diabetic mothers, difficulties with perception and discrimination of speech sounds in infants at risk for dyslexia, and multiple areas of cognitive differences in extremely premature infants. Atypical findings seen in high‐risk infants have correlated with later cognitive outcomes, but the sensitivity and specificity of the technique has not been studied, and thus evaluation of individual infants is not possible at this time. With further research, this technique may be very useful in identifying children with cognitive deficits during infancy. Because even young infants can be examined with ERPs, this technique is likely to be helpful in the development of focused early intervention programs used to improve cognitive function in high‐risk infants and toddlers. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. MRDD Research Reviews 2005;11:317–324.