bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of atmospheric turbulence parameters in free space optical communication
Authors: K Vashista Bharadwaj , D Sai Chaitanya , K Pujith , Y Maneesha , Sindhwani Manoj , Sachdeva Shippu , Adhikari Manoj Singh 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
These days usage of wireless communication has become vast compared to wired communication. The landline is replaced with a mobile, wi-fi with DAS. From the era of 1970 to the 1980s, wireless communication has evolved and wireless communication uses RF waves to communicate which is called RF communication. As the demand for the speed of data rate, the new technology is evolving in the unguided medium due to its range, cost, and availability. In this evolution, it first came with optical fiber and after RF wireless or electromagnetic wireless technologies. Later, researchers have been found optical communication. In present days it is facing a lot of challenges and trials. Optical communication means communication using the light ray or light spectrum which can achieve great speed and long distance with secure data transfer. The major challenge to achieve this communication is atmospheric turbulence. Although lots of experiments have been done still the problem is the detection of atmospheric conditions and making communication possible according to atmospheric turbulence. In this paper, we are going to discuss a few techniques to detect atmospheric turbulence.
Therapeutic robots for post-stroke rehabilitation
Authors: Hong Ronghua , Li Bingyu , Bao Yunjun , Liu Lingyu , Jin Lingjing 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Stroke is a prevalent, severe, and disabling health-care issue on a global scale, inevitably leading to motor and cognitive deficits. It has become one of the most significant challenges in China, resulting in substantial social and economic burdens. In addition to the medication and surgical interventions during the acute phase, rehabilitation treatment plays a crucial role in stroke care. Robotic technology takes distinct advantages over traditional physical therapy, occupational therapy, and speech therapy, and is increasingly gaining popularity in post-stroke rehabilitation. The use of rehabilitation robots not only alleviates the workload of healthcare professionals but also enhances the prognosis for specific stroke patients. This review presents a concise overview of the application of therapeutic robots in post-stroke rehabilitation, with particular emphasis on the recovery of motor and cognitive function.
Computational investigation of thallium interactions with functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes for electrochemical sensing applications
Authors: Baweja Shefali , Lochab Amit , Baxi Shalini , Saxena Reena 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Thallium (Tl) is a heavy toxic element which can cause several health issues. WHO and EPA have set a maximum permissible limit for thallium in drinking water above which it is hazardous, so its determination in our environment becomes crucial. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are preferred for use in thallium sensing due to their large surface area and high conductivity, which allow them to be readily functionalized to selective groups. Previous experimental results showed that Tl selectively interacted with the MWCNTs functionalized with 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole-5-thiol (T-MWCNTs) with a limit of detection of 1.29 μg L−1 and linear range 10–100 μg L−1 by using voltammetry under optimized conditions. In actual water samples, the electrochemical sensor fabricated with the above-mentioned functionalized MWCNTs nanocomposite demonstrated high reproducibility and recovery. Molecular recognition and the outcomes of chemical and biological processes are shaped by non-covalent interactions among molecules. It is essential to investigate how these interactions impact binding preferences to enhance our understanding of these events. Here, we examine the structures of complexes of Tl and T-MWCNTs using quantum chemical calculations. Our results show that the most favourable complex of Tl-T-MWCNTs involve strong interaction of Tl with the nitrogen lone pair and additional stabilising interaction provided by the oxygen lone pair of amide linkage of T-MWCNTs. Moreover, we observed that the thiol group within T-MWCNTs readily undergoes deprotonation due to its acidic nature. Non-covalent interactions among molecules influence chemical and biological processes and molecular recognition. To improve our knowledge of these events, it is important to explore the ways in which these interactions affect binding preferences The negative value of adsorption energy (−1.53 eV) of this structure suggested that the interaction process between Tl and T-MWCNTs is spontaneous.
Hoby revisited – 100 Jahre beißende Tierköpfe von Lolland
Authors: Blankenfeldt Ruth , Schuster Jan 
Published: February 2024

Zusammenfassung
Das im Jahr 1920 entdeckte Prunkgrab von Hoby ist ein zentraler Befund der älterkaiserzeitlichen Archäologie. Es ist eines der reichsten Gräber der „Lübsow-Gruppe“ und barg qualitätsvolle Gegenstände römischer Herkunft und nicht minder qualitätsvolle Artefakte einheimischer Produktion. Zu Beginn des 21. Jahrhunderts wurden knapp 250 Meter entfernt von der Bestattungsstelle durch Hobbyarchäologen älterkaiserzeitliche Keramik und mehrere Metallfunde entdeckt, die von einem mit dem Grab zeitgleichen Siedlungsplatz stammen. Dieser wurde seit 2005 ausgegraben. Im Rahmen eines dänisch-deutschen Kooperationsprojektes werden diese Befunde ausgewertet. Zugleich wird auch das Inventar des Prunkgrabes neu bearbeitet – die Ergebnisse der separat vorgenommenen antiquarischen Untersuchungen zu den einheimischen Gegenständen aus dem Grab können hier präsentiert werden. Die Untersuchungen zu den Fibeln und der Schnalle sowie die vergleichende Analyse der Importgefäßzusammensetzung verweisen gänzlich auf eine Datierung des Grabes von Hoby in claudische Zeit, relativchronologisch in die Subphase B1b.
Energy absorption of gradient triply periodic minimal surface structure manufactured by stereolithography
Authors: Liang Yingjing , He Huiyi , Yin Jun , Liu Yijie , Huang Jianzhang , Wu Zhigang , Zhai Yun , Hui David , Yan Lewei 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) metamaterials possess exceptional properties not commonly found in natural materials. TPMS metamaterials are used in lightweight structures and impact energy absorption structures due to their surface geometry and mechanical properties. The quasi-static mechanic properties of resin-based homogeneous and gradient TPMS structures manufactured by stereolithography are investigated in this study. The results of both experimental and numerical simulations reveal that the gradient TPMS structures have superior energy absorption abilities compared to the homogeneous TPMS structures. Furthermore, the benefits of gradient TPMS structures can be further enhanced by changing the gradient variation interval of the relative density and cell thickness of TPMS. If the slope and intercept of the C value function of the TPMS structures remain constant, selecting a design where the gradient direction of the cell aligns with the direction of the load on the material can enhance the energy absorption capability of the TPMS structures.
Investigation of the composition and morphology of raw materials from the Aral Sea region
Authors: Kurbanov Davron , Mylsamy Savithri , Zhou Biao , Babayev Zabibulla , Bazarbayev Rustam , Allaniyazov Atabek , Balakumar Subramanian , Zeng Guanggen , Yakubov Komiljon , Karazhanov Smagul 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Clay and clay-based minerals have attracted research attention because of their unique properties and a vast range of applications in industry. In order to assess the potential applications, four different processed local kaolin-based raw minerals were collected from the Aral Sea region of Uzbekistan, and the total mineralogical properties have been explored. The results reveal that the structural, vibrational and electronic properties of metakaolinites only slightly differ from those of kaoline. The presence of corundum, quartz and kaolinite structural phase in minerals was determined by XRD analysis. FTIR and Raman studies expose the primary peaks which are associated with the functional groups of Al–OH, Al–O and Si–O in higher-frequency stretching and lower-frequency bending modes. The elemental and chemical compositional (XRF and XPS) analysis demonstrates the presence of major elements (Al, Si, Na, Fe, Ti) in the raw mineral and other metal contaminations (Mg, Ca, S, Cr, Zr). The SEM analysis demonstrates the morphological nature of kaolin-based raw minerals that can be exploited for industrial purposes.
Chemical state and atomic structure in stoichiovariants photochromic oxidized yttrium hydride thin films
Authors: Arslan Halil , Kuzmin Alexei , Aulika Ilze , Moldarev Dmitrii , Wolff Max , Primetzhofer Daniel , Pudza Inga , Kundzins Karlis , Sarakovskis Anatolijs , Purans Juris , Karazhanov Smagul Zh 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We investigate the effective oxidation state and local environment of yttrium in photochromic YHO thin film structures produced by e-beam evaporation, along with their chemical structure and optical properties. Transmission electron microscopy images reveal the oxidized yttrium hydride thin film sample exhibiting a three-layered structure. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements manifest that the oxidation state of yttrium is modified, dependent on the film’s composition/depth. Furthermore, Ion beam analysis confirms that this variability is associated with a composition gradient within the film. X-ray absorption spectroscopy at the Y K-edge reveals that the effective oxidation state of yttrium is approximately +2.5 in the transparent/bleached state of YHO. Spectroscopic ellipsometry investigations showed a complex non-linear optical depth profile of the related sample confirming the dominant phase of YHO and the presence of Y2O3 and Y towards the middle of the film. The first evidence of (n; k) dispersion curves for e-beam sputtered photochromic YHO thin films are reported for transparent and dark states.
Remediation of pesticides, acetamiprid and imidacloprid from aqueous solutions using cellulose derived from sawdust of Populus nigra
Authors: Ullah Azmat , Ahmad Saqib , Gul Abdullah , Khan Samiullah , Zahoor Muhammad , Umar Muhammad Naveed , Ullah Riaz 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In this study a low cost and easily available Black Poplar Sawdust (Populus nigra L.) was converted into an efficient adsorbent for the removal of acetamiprid (AMR) and imidacloprid (ICR) pesticides from aqueous solutions. The effect of adsorption effecting parameters including initial pesticides concentration, variations in the adsorbent amount, time of contact, and pH were investigated to understand the adsorption process of both pesticides. Further the kinetic, thermodynamic, and isotherm models were used to get an insight into the process of adsorption taking place. The results of the study suggested that the isotherm data align effectively with both the Langmuir and Temkin isotherm models (both pesticides). The maximum adsorption capacity (q
m) for AMR was found to be 25.22 mg g−1, while for ICR, it was 25.65 mg g−1. Furthermore, the adsorption kinetics were best described by the pseudo-second-order model with value of R
2 = 0.9934 & 0.9964 respectively for AMR and ICR. The thermodynamic analysis confirmed the spontaneity and feasibility of the adsorption process, evident from the negative ∆G° values at different temperatures. The thermodynamics parameter values also suggested that the adsorption process is physisorption and exothermic due to the negative ∆H° value. From the results it was concluded that the devised adsorbent could be effectively used in reclamation pesticides contaminated water subjected to further verifications through testing against other pesticides.
МОТИВАЦІЙНІ ФАКТОРИ ТА ДОСЯГНЕННЯ У ВИВЧЕННІ МАТЕМАТИКИ СТУДЕНТІВ ІНЖЕНЕРНИХ СПЕЦІАЛЬНОСТЕЙ
Authors: ГУРАЛЬ ІНЕСА , СМОЛОВИК ЛІАНА 
Published: February 2024

У роботі наведено результати дослідження зв’язку між мотивацією вивчення дисциплін математичного циклу студентами інженерних спеціальностей закладу вищої освіти та рівнем їх знань з цих дисциплін. Статистичний аналіз результатів опитування свідчить, що їх ставлення до математики пов'язане з рівнем знань предмета. Інтерес до шкільного та університетського курсів з математики, достатність прикладених зусиль та орієнтація на успіх при опануванні знань та навичок з математичних дисциплін в університеті, а також корисна цінність математичних знань для майбутніх освітніх та кар’єрних прагнень відрізняються для студентів з різним рівнем знань, а саме: чим вищий рівень знань, тим вищий рівень вказаних мотиваційних факторів. Труднощі при вивченні математичних дисциплін і хвилювання під час контрольних заходів не мають значущого статистичного зв’язку з рівнем знань.
Design of a Blockchain Technology Competence Model for Interdisciplinary Curricula Development
Authors: Fomin Vladislav , Gürpinar Tan , Balevičienė Dovilė 
Published: February 2024

Contribution. This study identifies blockchain-related competences essential for professionals involved in blockchain projects and develops a blockchain technology competence model for interdisciplinary curricula development. Background. Amidst the surge in blockchain implementations, a gap exists in systematic knowledge about the skills required from blockchain professionals. While the number of new blockchain implementation cases is growing, there are no systematic reviews on the success factors or the skills required from blockchain professionals. Lack of systematic information on blockchain projects and their implementers presents a substantial obstacle to the development of new competence-oriented academic and professional educational programs, as well as for guiding recruitment for blockchain projects. Research Question. This research investigates the necessary knowledge and skills to leverage opportunities and adapt to changing employment trends in blockchain technology. The guiding research question of this study is, what knowledge and skills must be acquired in order to be able to exploit opportunities and to be prepared for changes in employment trends in the context of blockchain innovations? Methodology. The study adopts exploratory multiple case analysis based on qualitative content analysis of job advertisement and expert interviews. Findings. The study develops a blockchain technology competence model for interdisciplinary academic and professional educational programs. The developed model can also be used for guiding the development of professional training, certification, and recruitment strategies and practice for blockchain projects.
Strategies for Improving Vaccine Communication and Uptake
Authors: O’Leary Sean T. , Opel Douglas J. , Cataldi Jessica R. , Hackell Jesse M. ,   COMMITTEE ON INFECTIOUS DISEASES, O’Leary Sean T. , Campbell James D. , Ardura Monica I. , Banerjee Ritu , Bryant Kristina A. , Caserta Mary T. , Frenck Robert , Gerber Jeffrey S. , John Chandy C. , Kourtis Athena P. , Myers Angela , Pannaraj Pia , Ratner Adam J. , Shah Samir S. , Kimberlin David W. , Barnett Elizabeth D. , Lynfield Ruth , Sawyer Mark H. , Bernstein Henry H. , Cardemil Cristina , Farizo Karen M. , Kafer Lisa M. , Kim David , Medina Eduardo López , Moore Denee , Panagiotakopoulos Lakshmi , Romero José R. , Sauvé Laura , Starke Jeffrey R. , Thompson Jennifer , Wharton Melinda , Woods Charles R. , Frantz Jennifer M. , Gibbs Gillian ,   COMMITTEE ON PRACTICE AND AMBULATORY MEDICINE, Hackell Jesse M. , Almendarez Yvette Marie , Berhane Abeba Mebrahtu , Cantrell Patricia E. , Kafer Lisa Michele , Latimer Tomitra , Warner Robin , Wiskind Robert H. , Schafer Katherine , Skatrud Alisa , Magnus Mackenzie A. ,   COMMITTEE ON BIOETHICS, Laventhal Naomi Tricot , Geis Gina Marie , Loeff Deborah Susan , Michelson Kelly , Ott Mary , Elster Nanette , Diekema Douglas S. , Arora Kavita , McGee Maria , Emanuel Anjie 
Published: February 2024

Vaccines have led to a significant decrease in rates of vaccine-preventable diseases and have made a significant impact on the health of children. However, some parents express concerns about vaccine safety and the necessity of vaccines. The concerns of parents range from hesitancy about some immunizations to refusal of all vaccines. This clinical report provides information about the scope and impact of the problem, the facts surrounding common vaccination concerns, and the latest evidence regarding effective communication techniques for the vaccine conversation.After reading this clinical report, readers can expect to: Understand concepts and underlying determinants of vaccine uptake and vaccine hesitancy.Understand the relationship between vaccine hesitancy and costs of preventable medical care.Recognize and address specific concerns (eg, vaccine safety) with caregivers when hesitancy is present.
Effects of blanching and Ginkgo biloba extract on volatile organic compounds of bacon were analysed by gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry
Authors: Yuan Q.Q. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis article presents an analysis of the impact of blanching and Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) on the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in Cantonese bacon using gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS). The study aims to investigate how different processing techniques influence the composition of volatile compounds in meat products, thereby contributing to the understanding of flavour release patterns.The experiment involved dividing pork belly into six groups: conventional (C), heat treatment (H, 50 °C, 15 s), high-temperature treatment (S, 80 °C, 5 s), conventional treatment with GBE (CG, 0.5% GBE), heat composite treatment with GBE (HG, 50 °C, 15 s, 0.5% GBE), and high-temperature heat composite treatment with GBE (SG, 80 °C, 15 s, 0.5% GBE). The researchers identified a total of 36 compounds in the GC-IMS spectrum. The results showed that the ethanol content decreased in the H group samples after blanching treatment, while it increased in the S group samples. The CG, H, HG, and SG groups exhibited more significant changes compared to the C group. The H group had the highest number of VOCs among all the groups. Additionally, the flavour of the H, CG, and HG group products was notably enhanced.In conclusion, GC-IMS allows for real-time visual analysis of VOCs, and both blanching treatment and the addition of GBE significantly affect the composition of VOCs in the samples.
The synthesis of CoAl0.3Fe1.7O4/SmFeO3 nanocomposites with enhanced properties for technological applications
Authors: Ateia Ebtesam E. , Meleka K. K. , Singh Charanjeet , Ghobrial F. Z. , El-Bassuony A. , Ghafar Dalia N. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe main challenge of the current study is to produce nanocomposites (NCs) of (1-x) CoAl0.3Fe1.7O4 /(x)SmFeO3 with improved structural and magnetic properties using the citrate auto-combustion technique. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy images showed nanostructures with average particle sizes of 32.5 and 52.5 nm for SmFO3 and CoAl0.3Fe1.7O4, respectively. The anisotropy constant values for x = 0.3 are nearly 11 times greater than SmFeO3. The ratio of SmFeO3 incorporated into NCs adjusts their switching field distribution (SFD), making NCs with a low SFD recommended for recording applications. NCs offer the combined advantages of the two constituent phases and can be used to create new and more advanced applications. Based on the estimated data, the prepared NCs can operate at a frequency between 0.1 and 11.9 GHz, making them suitable for developing nanotechnology devices from radio waves traveling through the S-band to the Ku band.
Graphical abstract
Evaluation of Post-Vaccination Immunity in Children and Adolescents after Viral Hepatitis B Vaccine
Authors: Khamidulina Anna A. , Solovеva Irina L. , Kostinov Mikhail P. , Polishchuk Valentina B. , Firsova Natalia V. , Achilov Atabeg B. , Nikitina Tatiana N. , Isayeva Darya A. , Petrunina Darya D. , Korotkova Ksenia M. , Gerlinger Yekaterina А. , Magomedova Naida A. 
Published: February 2024

Vaccination against viral hepatitis B is an effective method of protection against this infection. There is multiple decrease in the hepatitis B incidence. However, there was increase in chronic hepatitis B by 42.5%, 15 cases of acute viral hepatitis B in children and 2 deaths from this infection were registered according to the state report “On the sanitary and epidemiological wellbeing of the population of the Russian Federation for 2022”. The criteria for evaluating protection against viral hepatitis B are the anti-HBs level and the duration of post-vaccination immunity.Objective. The aim of the study is to evaluate the duration of postvaccination immunity in temporal aspect in children and adolescents vaccinated against viral hepatitis B.Methods. Prospective open-label study was conducted to assess post-vaccination immunity against viral hepatitis B in 143 children and adolescents. The study of anti-HBs was implemented via the immunoenzyme test system “Vectohep B-HBs-antigen”. Microsoft Office Excel 2010 package and the Prism9 program (GraphPad, USA) were used for statistical analysis.Results. It has been shown that hepatitis B vaccine provides 100% seroconversion. However, decrease in anti-HBs levels was revealed already 6 months after vaccination in 15.07% of cases of seronegative individuals, after 1 year their number has increased up to 28.77% of cases. On average, every fourth person had low protective level of anti-HBs. Almost two-thirds of adolescents became seronegative by the age of 14.Conclusion. Vaccination against viral hepatitis B ensures the maximum production of anti-HBs 1 month after the completed vaccination in 100% of cases. Antibody level begins to decrease 6 months after the third completed vaccination against hepatitis B, and in 14 years, 72.74% of those immunized become seronegative. All of these dictates the need to consider a booster dose in adolescents at the age of 14 years.
Allelic variant 6A (rs35068180) of the MMP-3 promoter region as a predictor of cardiotoxicity after the end of adjuvant chemotherapy with doxorubicin in patients with breast cancer
Authors: Karput I. A. , Snezhitsky V. A. , Kurbat M. N. , Gorustovich O. A. , Babenko O. S. 
Published: February 2024

Aim. To evaluate the relationship of polymorphic variants rs2232228 of the HAS3 gene, rs8187710 of the ABCC2 gene, rs35068180 of the MMP-3 gene with cardiotoxicity after the end of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer.Material and methods. The study included 100 patients (women, mean age 52,5±9,4 years) diagnosed with breast cancer who received anthracycline antibiotics (doxorubicin, total dose 240 mg/m2 or 360 mg/m2). Echocardiography was performed before and after the end of chemotherapy. Polymorphic status of selected targets was determined using the real-time polymerase chain reaction.Results. After the end of chemotherapy, based on the changes of left ventricular ejection fraction and global longitudinal strain, cardiotoxicity (CT) was detected in 20 patients. There were following significant differences between subgroups: rs8187710 of the ABCC2 gene — not identified; rs2232228 of the HAS3 gene — genotype AA, odds ratio (OR) 3,37 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1,14; 9,97) and allelic variant A, OR 2,17 (95% CI 0,98; 4,80) are significantly more common (p<0,05) in the cardiotoxicity+ subgroup; rs35068180 of the MMP-3 gene — genotype 6A/6A, OR 2,53 (95% CI 0,93; 6,88) and allelic variant 6A, OR 2,19 (95% CI 1,08; 4,44) are significantly more often (p<0,05) in the cardiotoxicity+ subgroup.Conclusion. Genotype 6A/6A, allelic variant 6A rs35068180 of the MMP-3 gene, genotype AA and allelic variant A rs2232228 of the HAS3 gene can be considered as predictors of early cardiotoxicity after the end of chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer receiving doxorubicin.