bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in hodgkin's disease after splenectomy
Authors: Julia Antonio , Miller Sherwood P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis is a report of a patient with Hodgkin's disease who underwent a staging splenectomy and extensive radiation therapy and then developed “idiopathic” thrombocytopenic purpura. This appears to be the second known instance of such a combination of events. The patient was in complete remission of his Hodgkin's disease from radiation therapy at the time and continues in remission 56 mo since completing therapy. There was a complete and, apparently, permanent response of the thrombocytopenic purpura to a course of corticosteroid therapy.
T and B lymphocytes in leukemia therapy
Authors: Esber Elaine , Dinicola William , Movassaghi Nasser , Leikin Sanford 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn order to evaluate the effect of radio‐ and chemotherapy on immunity, T and B lymphocyte surface receptors were studied sequentially in the blood from 28 previously untreated leukemic children. Following the initiation of chemotherapy an increase in the percent T and B cells was noted in the peripheral blood. In association with sanctuary therapy and chemotherapy there was a decrease in the total number of circulating T and B cells and a relative increase in lymphocytes lacking markers. Based on total numbers at remission the reduction in B cells was greater than in T cells, and the most marked changes occurred during sanctuary therapy. A reduction in the mean serum immunoglobulin was associated with decreasing B cell numbers.
Bilateral interstitial pneumonia in acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Iyer R. , Ravindranath Y. , Kulkarni R. , Philippart A. , Reed J. O. , Brough A. J. , Zuelzer W. W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOf 148 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) 34 had bilateral interstitial pneumonia (BIP). Their records were reviewed retrospectively to evaluate the incidence of this pneumonia and delineate the various etiologic factors involved. All but 1 were in remission; 82% of the episodes occurred within the first 6 months, the majority of these occurring during the first 3 months of diagnosis of ALL; 16 were receiving methotrexate (MTX), and 14 were receiving combination chemotherapy with vincristine, prednisone and 6‐mercatopurine (6‐MP) and 4 were on no systemic therapy. Thirty patients with 35 episodes recovered within an average period of 18 days, including clearance of radiologic findings; 4 died. Four had open lung biopsies without complications. There was a single case of pneumocystis carinii infection diagnosed postmortem. Laboratory data and histopathologic findings (of 4 biopsies and 3 remaining autopsies) were suggestive of a viral etiology. The incidence of BIP in ALL at Children's Hospital of Michigan is 22.9% with a mortality rate of 10.3% The incidence of pneumocystis carinii infection appeared to be low. Hypersensitivity to MTX was not substantiated.
The human spleen as revealed by scanning electron microscopy
Authors: Barnhart Marion I. , Lusher Jeanne M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe three‐dimensional world of the spleen was explored by scanning electron microscopy on both arterially perfused and nonperfused specimens, as well as on plastic corrosion casts of splenic vasculatures. Of 25 spleens studied, 18 were examples of hypersplenism. These were contrasted to 7 essentially normal spleens taken from children being staged for treatment of Hodgkin's disease whose spleens proved to be uninvolved in the pathologic process. Splenic sinuses in all 25 spleens were typified by a degree of porosity. RBC were caught in the act of entering sinuses from splenic cords. These sinus windows thus represent one end of an “open” circulatiion pathway. In casts of microvasculature, direct arteriovenous connections were demonstrated, thus establishing an anatomical basis for an often disputed “closed” circulation pathway.Spleens from 7 patients with hereditary spherocytosis had a super abundance of red pulp. Splenic cords were thickened and crowded with spherocytes, many of which presented slightly wrinkled membranes, as were also noted on the peripheral blood RBC. It is possible that these membrane features are unique for HS and reflect the intrinsic membrane abnormality in protein composition. The 7 spleens from chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura had white pulp as the predominant region. Germinal centers were frequent. Lymphocytes and plasma cells with well‐developed microvilli were suggestive that relese of antiplatelet antibody might be occurring in white pulp. Platelets were especially notable in peripheral white pulp and marginal zones. Platelet clumps were observed, generally adjacent to splenic macrophages.
ABO hemolytic disease of the newborn, without hyperbilirubinemia
Authors: Kaplan Eugene , Herz Fritz , Scheye Elsie 
Published: February 2007

AbstractABO hemolytic disease of the the newborn without hyperbilirubinemia is described in 17 full‐term infants. The erythrocyte characteristics, such as reticulocytosis, microspherocytosis, and positive indirect antiglobulin (Coombs') test, resembled those in ABO disease with hyperbilirubinemia. Erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase activity was reduced in this group to the same degree as in the more severely affected infants. Negro infants predominated over white, in a 2.5:1 ratio in this mild ABO group.
A filtration model for study of leukocyte transit in the microcirculation
Authors: Tanner Louis Mc K. , Scott Robert B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn order to study characteristics of leukocytes which would be important determinants of their flow in the microcirculation, a model system was tested which utilizes in vitro filtration of leukocytes. Normal human peripheral blood leukocytes (85–90% granulocytes) were studied with filters with uniform 8 μm pore size.Studies were performed to determine the effects of EDTA, temperature, hydrostatic pressure, pH, and osmolarity on filtration. Filterability was optimal at 0.2% EDTA, 10 cm hydrostatic pressure, neutral pH, isotonicity, and at room temperature.Filtration was slowed greatly at leukocyte concentrations exceeding 25 × 199/liter. When leukocyte membranes were altered by formalin fixation, filtration slowed greatly, indicating that deformability is an important determinant of flow through small orifices. When mixtures of erythrocytes and leukocytes were filtered, there was a paradoxically enhanced transit of leukocytes compared to filtration of leukocytes alone, indicating interactions between these cells which alter flow.These studies serve to characterize this model system which can be used to study the contribution to flow in the microcirculation of both normal and pathological leukocytes.
Leukocyte function in familial mediterranean fever
Authors: Territo Mary C. , Peters Robert S. , Cline Martin J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNeutrophilic leukocytes of patients with familial Mediterranean fever and of normal control subjects were studied in vitro. FMF neutrophils were found to be morphologically normal by light and electron microscopy and to have normal quantities of the lysosomal enzyme lysozyme. FMF cells demonstrated a slight decrease in their ability to migrate randomly in capillary tubes, this was primarily seen in Armenian patients and in those experiencing an acute attack. The leukocytes of these patients functioned normally in regard to their chemotactic and Candida‐killing activity.
Actions of ristocetin on platelets
Authors: Koutts J. , Sc Lyne Stott B. , Firkin B. G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe absence of ristocetin‐induced platelet aggregation appears to correlate with the platelet defect in von Willebrand's disease, suggesting that this reaction mimics a physiological process. The effect of ristocetin on plasma and on the residual levels of the von Willebrand factor (vWF), Factor VIII procoagulant activity, and Factor VIII‐related protein in plasma after aggregation of platelet rich plasma by this agent has been studied in order to further elucidate the mechanism and requirements of this reaction. Ristocetin‐induced platelet aggregation causes a consumption of vWF, Factor VIII procoagulant activity, and Factor VIII antigen from the supernatant plasma which is proportional to the number of platelets aggregated. Such a consumption of these factors does not appear to occur after aggregation by other agents. Factor VIII procoagulant activity does not appear necessary for ristocetin‐induced platelet aggregation, yet is utilized in this process. These findings support the hypothesis that the molecule associated with Factor VIII procoagulant activity is carried by the molecule necessary for ristocetin‐induced platelet aggregation.
Combined deficiencies of factor vlll (ahf) and factor xi (pta)
Authors: Lian Eric Chun‐Yet , Deykin Daniel , Harkness Donald R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCombined deficiencies of Factor VIII and Factor XI associated with moderate degree of bleeding symptoms were found in 3 brothers. Examination of Factor VIII activity and Factor VIII‐related antigen revealed that the Factor VIII activity/ Factor VIII‐related antigen ratio was significantly decreased in their mother and maternal grandmother consistent with the carrier state of hemophilia. Factor XI deficiency was found in 2 siblings, the father, and 2 of his sisters. The paternal grandmother was thought to carry the abnormal Factor XI gene, although her Factor XI level was normal, because of a significant bleeding history. It was concluded that the combined Factor VIII and XI deficiencies in the 3 brothers represent the coincidental inheritance of 2 separate and independent abnormal genes.
Immunologic studies of human plasma cells
Authors: Beaulieu Raymond , Pirofsky Bernard , Davies Gordon H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPurified plasma cell suspensions were produced from 3 subjects with malignant plasma cell disease. Various physical, biological, and immunological properties of these cells were studied. Neoplastic human plasmablasts were found to be denser than their mature forms, in contrast to the usual relationship of the lymphoid, myeloid, and erythroid series. The human plasma cells did not respond to phytohemagglutinin stimulation and were found to be weakly reactive in mixed lymphocyteplasma cell cultures. Potent antisera was produced against such cells, and the antisera demonstrated a broad cross reactivity with various human lymphocyte populations. The data suggest a lymphoid origin for human plasma cells and possibly a specific relationship to B‐type lymphocytes.
Post‐transfusion thrombocytopenic purpura: A case report
Authors: Howard Jean E. , Glassberg Alan B. , Perkins Herbert A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPost‐transfusion thrombocytopenic purpura (PTTP) is a rare syndrome which was first brought to widespread attention by Shulman et al. Eighteen cases have been reported. The present report describes an additional patient, a multiparous female who developed petechiae 7 days after blood transfusion. The patient's serum contained anti‐PIA1 antibodies and her own platelets were PIA1‐negative. She was treated with prednisone and recovered spontaneously without exchange transfusion of whole blood or plasma.
Inhibition of murine granulopoiesis in vitro by dexamethasone
Authors: Golde David W. , Bersch Noelle , Quan Shirley G. , Cline Martin J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe effect of dexamethasone on mouse bone marrow granulocyte‐monocyte precursor cells (CFU‐C) was studied in vitro. Dexamethasone inhibited colony formation in the presence of maximally stimulating concentrations of colony‐stimulating activity. A mean colony reduction of 55% occurred at 109 M dexamethasone and inhibition was observed at concentrations as low as 10−12 M. The dexamethasone suppression could be abrogated by progesterone. These studies provide evidence that the committed granulocyte‐monocyte stem cell has a glucocorticoid receptor mechanism that when activated results in inhibition of cellular proliferation in vitro.
Alteration of colony‐stimulating factor output, endotoxemia, and granulopoiesis in cyclic neutropenia
Authors: Greenberg Peter L. , Bax Ine , Levin Jack , Andrews Tony M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCellular and humoral factors involved in the regulation of granulopoiesis were evaluated in two patients with cyclic neutropenia by utilizing the agar‐gel marrow culture technique to serially study marrow granulocytic colony‐forming capacity (CFC) and the urinary output of colony‐stimulating factor (CSF). CSF output varied inversely with peripheral neutrophil counts and directly with monocyte counts and evidence for infection (endotoxemia and/or staphylococcal abscesses). Following autologous infusion of one patient's plasma obtained during a period of neutropenia, increased urinary excretion of CSF occurred concomitant with increments in both marrow CFC and the proportion of granulocytic progenitor cells in DNA synthesis. Neutrophil periodicity was not altered by the administration of the neutropenic plasma. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that cyclic neutropenia is caused by a quantitatively decreased entry of stem cells or granulocytic progenitor cells into granulopoiesis.
Myelotoxicity of vincristine‐prednisone therapy in treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia in blastic transformation
Authors: Stein Richard S. , Roth Daniel G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTherapy with vincristine and prednisone (VP) has produced remissions in 30% of patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia in blast transformation (CML‐BT). The possibility that therapy with VP can adversely affect the production of mature granulocytes in this setting has not been appreciated, as these drugs are generally considered free of myelotoxicity. In this report we review eight courses of VP administered to three patients with CML‐BT. Granulocytopenia developed following all five courses in which granulocyte counts were normal prior to therapy; granulocytopenia worsened in two of three courses in patients who were granulocytopenic prior to therapy. Progressive leukemia in the marrow was excluded as a cause of granulocytopenia. It is important to recognize that VP therapy rather than disease progression may be a cause of granulocytopenia in CML‐BT.
Specific radioimmunochemical identification and quantitation of hemoglobins a2 and f
Authors: Garver Fred A. , Jones C. Sidney , Baker Marilyn M. , Altay Gultekin , Barton Betty P. , Gravely Marsha , Huisman Titus H. J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHyperimmune antisera to chromatographically purified hemoglobins F and A2, were produced in rabbits and made specific for the immunogen by adsorption with normal human hemoglobin A conjugated to cyanogen bromide‐activated agarose. A radioimmunoassay was established that permitted identification and quantitation of each of these two minor hemoglobins in hemolysates containing other hemoglobin components. The quantities of hemoglobins A2, and/or F present in hemolysates of individuals with β‐thalassemia, sickle cell anemia, Hb‐C disease, and other hematological disorders were determined immunochemically, and the results were compared to values obtained by microcolumn chromatography for the measurement of Hb‐A2 or with the alkali denaturation technique in quantitating Hb‐F. The immunoassay procedure has a greater sensitivity than other commonly employed techniques and can detect as little as 0.05 μg of these hemoglobins.
Predictive value of cross‐matching for transfusion of platelet concentrates to alloimmunized recipients
Authors: Filip Donald J. , Duquesnoy Rene J. , Aster Richard H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCompatibility tests in which donor platelets were tested with recipient sera were performed retroactively after 64 transfusions of platelets from 59 unrelated donors to 10 alloimmunized patients. Techniques used were serotonin release, aggregometry, platelet factor 3 release, and lymphocytotoxicity, each of which has been advocated as a means of testing donor‐recipient platelet compatibility. Although “false positive” reactions were few (positive crossmatch but satisfactory transfusion response), “false negative” reactions (negative crossmatch but poor transfusion response) were unacceptably high (43% by lymphocytotoxicity, 60% by serotonin release, 76% by platelet factor 3 release, and 83% by aggregometry). We conclude that current methods of detecting isosensitization to platelet alloantigens are less satisfactory than HLA phenotyping in selecting unrelated platelet donors for an alloimmunized patient population.
Sickle cell anemia and trait in a population of southern india
Authors: Brittenham Gary , Lozoff B. , Harris J. W. , Sharma V. S. , Narasimhan S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn an ethnic group in southern India, the Irula, seven individuals with sickle cell anemia were found to manifest only mild illness. Although a relatively high level of fetal hemoglobin was present in one, none of the factors thought to ameliorate the course of sickling disorders could be identified in the remaining six. In a random population survey, sickle hemoglobin was found in 90 of 292 Irula (31%). In those with sickle cell trait, the proportion of sickle hemoglobin in hemolysates (mean = 26%, range 19–32%) was substantially lower than that reported for any other population.
A family study of a patient with idiopathic hemochromatosis
Authors: Miller Aaron , Zimelman Abraham , Brauer Mark J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA family study of a patient with idiopathic hemochromatosis using noninvasive techniques is presented. All 6 of the patient's asymptomatic children had an increase in transferrin saturation and/or an increase in the absorption of Co57. The Co57 absorption test was the most sensitive index of family involvement since one of the children had an increase in absorption at a time when transferring saturation was normal. The family data strongly support the hereditary nature of the disorder, with the mode of inheritance not clearly established from the available data.
Use of specific fluorescent antibodies for the identification of hemoglobin C in erythrocytes
Authors: Papayannopoulou TH. , Ahern V. , Stamatoyannopoulos G. , Lim G. , Nute P. E. , McGuire T. C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAntibodies against hemoglobin C (α2β2 6Glu→Lys) were produced by immunizing horses and were purified by affinity chromatography. As expected from the bivalency of both the antibody and the antigen, the purified antibodies failed to produce immunoprecipitates upon reaction with the corresponding antigens. Identification of hemoglobin C in individual erythrocytes was achieved by reacting the fluorescein isothiocyanate‐conjugated antibodies with the hemoglobin antigen in fixed smears of peripheral blood. Red cells from persons having a hemoglobin C gene were labeled strongly upon reaction with anti‐Hb C‐FITC; there was no labeling of red cells containing normal hemoglobins or Hb S, suggesting that the anti‐Hb C antibodies recognize only the amino‐terminal segment of the β chains that contain lysine in position β6.
Cytochemical “normal” and “abnormal” eosinophils in acute leukemias
Authors: Liso Vincenzo , Troccoli Giuseppe , Specchia Giorgina , Magno Maddalena 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEosinophilic leukocytes may accompany a great variety of disorders and different types of acute leukemias. The most striking morphologic feature of eosinophils is their specific granules, but morphology alone often is insufficient to differentiate normal from abnormal eosinophils. Cytochemically, the eosinophils were considered “normal” when they did not contain alkaline phosphatase, chloroacetate esterase, toluidine blue metachromasia, Astra blue positivity, and specific PAS‐positive granules, but did have peroxidase and cyanide‐resistant peroxidase activities, Sudan black positivity and moderate naphthol‐AS esterase or α‐naphthyl esterase and acid phosphatase positivities. In seven cases of acute leukemias (two acute myeloblastic and five myelomonocytic), in contrast with their normal behaviour, the eosinophils show “abnormal” cytochemical positivities consisting of chloroesterase activity, PAS and Astra blue positivities of the specific granules, toluidine blue metachromasia, and cyanide‐resistant peroxidase of a few specific granules. Cytochemical investigations may provide additional criteria for evaluating the abnormality of the eosinophilic cell in leukemias.
Borate and glycerol inhibition of the aggregation of guinea pig platelets by bovine factor VIII and ristocetin
Authors: Kuwahara Steven S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTo demonstrate the importance of the carbohydrate portions of bovine factor VIII and ristocetin for the induction of platelet aggregation, guinea pig platelets were treated with either borate or glycerol before and after addition of ristocetin or bovine factor VIII. Both borate and glycerol were capable of inhibiting the aggregation of blood platelets induced by adding bovine factor VIII or ristocetin to platelet‐rich plasma. Furthermore, aggregates formed after treatment with either agent could be dispersed by high concentrations of either borate or glycerol. These effects did not appear to be solely the result of high ionic strength or of irreversible damage to the platelets. The results obtained support the hypothesis that the binding of the carbohydrate groups of factor VIII plays an important role in the induction of platelet aggregation and in the maintenance of aggregates formed in response to the treatment of platelet‐rich plasma with bovine factor VIII or ristocetin.
Overwhelming postsplenectomy infection
Authors: Krivit William 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOne of the more intriguing aspects of the spleen is the protection against certain bacterial infections afforded by its unique vascular and immune function. There have been extensive clinical surveys which indicate an incidence of overwhelming postsplenectomy infection (OPSI) above that of the disease for which the splenectomy was done. In the absence of the spleen, either congenital or subsequent to surgical removal, this overwhelming sepsis has a 50% case fatality rate. The most common infective organism has been Diplococcus (Streptococcus) pneumoniae (D. pneumoniae). Intensive investigations indicated loss of phagocytic function of the spleen, depression of serum IgM levels, a possible suppression of the lymphocyte responsiveness, and changes in opsonin‐alternative complement system as potential causes of OPSI. Preventive measures against OPSI include trials of prophylactic Phenoxymethyl Penicillin (penicillin) and pneumococcal vaccine.