bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Introduction: Earthshots from Haiti
Authors: Dirksen Rebecca 
Published: March 2024

Abstract: This long-awaited special issue on the environment is a collaborative effort involving many people, especially Lois Wilcken and Rose Elfman. Proposed after years of prompting by our visionary elder LeGrace Benson, this volume has unfolded during a period that has seen many dramatic and complicated changes in Haiti, across the world at large, and in the individual lives that are woven through and touched by these pages. We’ve collectively been unsettled by the COVID pandemic, the political violence that has marred daily life and governance in Haiti and well beyond, and the uncertainty of a world struggling to look forward while wrestling with its messy past and present. While the urgency of day-to-day survival constricts the breath of so many, often making it impossible to see beyond immediate circumstances, the once seemingly far-off threats from anthropogenic global warming, climate change, and environmental destruction now loom mightily.
The causal relationship between gut microbiota and immune skin diseases: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization
Authors: Feng Fei , Li Ruicheng , Tian Rui , Wu Xueyi , Zhang Nannan , Nie Zhenhua 
Published: March 2024

Background
Increasing evidence suggests that alterations in gut microbiota are associated with a variety of skin diseases. However, whether this association reflects a causal relationship remains unknown. We aimed to reveal the causal relationship between gut microbiota and skin diseases, including psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, acne, and lichen planus.

Methods
We obtained full genetic association summary data for gut microbiota, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, acne, and lichen planus from public databases and used three methods, mainly inverse variance weighting, to analyze the causal relationships between gut microbiota and these skin diseases using bidirectional Mendelian randomization, as well as sensitivity and stability analysis of the results using multiple methods.

Results
The results showed that there were five associated genera in the psoriasis group, seven associated genera were obtained in the atopic dermatitis group, a total of ten associated genera in the acne group, and four associated genera in the lichen planus group. The results corrected for false discovery rate showed that Eubacteriumfissicatenagroup (P = 2.20E-04, OR = 1.24, 95%CI:1.11–1.40) and psoriasis still showed a causal relationship. In contrast, in the reverse Mendelian randomization results, there was no evidence of an association between these skin diseases and gut microbiota.

Conclusion
We demonstrated a causal relationship between gut microbiota and immune skin diseases and provide a new therapeutic perspective for the study of immune diseases: targeted modulation of dysregulation of specific bacterial taxa to prevent and treat psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, acne, and lichen planus.
Clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with type 2 diabetes and diabetic foot syndrome
Authors: Demidova T. Yu. , Lobanova K. G. , Teplova A. S. , Gurova I. D. , Bairova V. E. 
Published: March 2024

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most common chronic diseases, leading to the development of many complications includingdiabetic foot syndrome (DFS). The problem of a progressive increase in the number of patients with DFS and the high risk of amputation in the population of patients with DM requires research to identify risk factors and specify ways to correct them.Aim: To study the clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients of the limb rescue center suffering from type 2 diabetes (DM2).Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of 729 medical histories of patients with T2D hospitalized in the foot rescue department of the limb rescue center of the State Clinical Hospital named after V.P. Demikhov in the period between 2019 and 2020 was carried out. An analysis of anamnestic data, clinical and laboratory parameters, drug therapy, the nature of surgical intervention and the outcome of hospitalization was performed. The statistical analysis was carried out using STATISTICA 8.0.Results: The study included 729 patients with T2D. Men dominated among patients (58%). The median of age was 66 [59.0; 73.0] years. 50.89% had experience of diabetes for more than 10 years. 53% of these patients had DFS, 79.2% had diabetic polyneuropathy, 45% had previously undergone amputation of the lower extremity, 24.8% had revascularization. A significant proportion of patients at admission had uncontrolled high level of glycemia. The median of glucose level was 9.9 mmol/l [7.2; 13.8]. Median meaning of HbA1c was 7.8% [6.7; 9.1]. BMI and lipid profile were not evaluated in all patients. In the department 224 patients were diagnosed with DFS for the first time. Gangrene prevailed among the ulcerative-necrotic complications of DFS. Arterial hypertension (AH) prevailed among the concomitant pathologies. GFR ˂ 60 ml/min/1.73m2 was observed in 45.36% of patients. According to X-ray data, 27.16% of patients (107 out of 394) showed signs of impaired bone density. In the department, 113 patients underwent revascularization, 372 — amputation of the lower limb, while 37 patients (9.95%) underwent amputation at the level above the knee, and 335 (90.05%) — at the level below the knee. Only 244 patients received local treatment among patients with DFS. A total of 718 patients were discharged; 11 patients died. The median duration of hospitalization of discharged patients was 13.0 [9.0; 18.0] bed days, the average duration of hospitalization of deceased patients was 11.31±2.21 (95% CI 6.49–16.13) bed days.Conclusion: Most of the patients with DM2 and DFS had prolonged decompensation of carbohydrate metabolism, dyslipidemia, increased BMI, hypertension. The study concluded that it is important to monitor and correct risk factors to improve the prognosis of the disease.
Synthesis and characterization of iron (III) complexes of l-leucine and l-methionine
Authors: Musa Shuaibu , J F Iyun , Musa Abubakar Shuaibu 
Published: March 2024

The resulted complexes produced between Fe (III) and biological molecules like amino acids play an important role in human life. Fe (III) complexes are synthesized with l-Leucine and l-Methionine. The complexes were characterized by elemental analysis (AAS), molar conductance, melting point, infrared and uv-visible spectrophotometry analyses. The elemental analyses were used to determine the chelation ratio, 1:3(metal: ligands). The molar conductivity of the complexes show that the complexes are not electrolytic in nature. Moreover, the melting point of the tris (l-Leucine) iron (III) and tris (l-Methionine) iron (III) are 2390C and 210oC respectively.Â Â
Synthesis, characterization and DFT studies of a palladium (ii) complex with bidentate Schiff base ligands
Authors: Chakrabarty Surajit , Bhattacharjee Shoumik , Rahmani Rachida , Hussain Sheikh Afzal , Chouaih Abdelkader , Hamzaoui Fodil 
Published: March 2024

The N-donor bidentate complexes of Palladium (II) of the type [PdL1Cl2] and [PdL2Cl2] {where L1 = N, N'-bis(napthanidal)-1,4-diacetyldihydiimine and L2= N, N'-bis(napthanidal)-1,2-ethylenediimine} were synthesized by refluxing of PdCl2 in acetonitrile with ligand L1 and L2. Complexes have been characterized by elemental analysis, conductivity measurement, IR, UV-Vis and 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Full geometry optimization of the ground state of the complex [PdL1Cl2] was carried out using Density Functional Theory (DFT) at B3LYP functional with 6-311G(d, p) basis set for C, N, Cl, H and LANL2DZ basis set for Pd atoms in gas and solvent (DMSO) phases. The calculated geometric and spectral results reproduced the experimental data with well agreement. Theo-retical calculated molecular orbitals (HOMOâ€“LUMO) and their energies have been calculated that suggest charge transfer occurs within the complexes. The HOMO-LUMO energy gap was found 2.6210 eV. The electrophilic and nucleophilic sites are theoretically evaluated by molecular electrostatic potential.Â Â
Estimation of samarium in nuclear fuel reprocessing streams by fiber optic aided spectrophotometry
Authors: Ganesh S , K.Pandey N. 
Published: March 2024

A simple analytical procedure is developed and validated for the estimation of traces amount of samarium in aqueous streams of nuclear waste. In this method, the formation of chelation of samarium ion with 3, 6-bis [(2-Arsonophenyl) azo]-4,5dihydroxy-2,7-naphtalene disulphonic acid (Arsenazo III) to produce a reddish purple colour complex which has maximum absorption at 654 nm at pH 2.6-2.8. The intensity of the colour is proportional to the amount of Sm(III). Linear calibration graphs were obtained for 0.31 to 2.78 Âµg/mL of Sm(III) with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 1.32 % and correlation coefficient of R2 = 0.999 (n=10). Its molar absorptivity and Sandellâ€™s sensitivity are found to be 4.88x104 L.Mol-1.cm-1 and 2.05x10-5 Âµg/cm2 respectively. The stoichiometric composition of the chelate is 1:1. The reaction is instantaneous, and absorbance remains stable for over 24 hrs. The system allowed for the determination of samarium with a limit of detection (LOD) (3.3Ïƒ/S) of 0.314 Âµg/mL, the limit of quantitation (LOQ) (10Ïƒ/S) of 0.952 Âµg/mL. A systematic study of the influence of different parameters like pH, the concentration of the complexing agent, the stability of the colour, the volume of the buffer and interference of other competing metal ions. Results of the present method are in good agreement with those obtained by the standard procedure. It is directly applicable for the determination of samarium in environmental, industrial, water and waste streams of the nuclear plant.Â Â
Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activity of Mn(ii) and Zn(ii) complexes with leucine and alanine
Authors: Jibrin Okpanaki Hamza , A. D Onu Dr , S.O. Idris Prof. 
Published: March 2024

Background: Transition metals are essential metallic element and they exhibit great biological activity. In recent time, researches have shown significant progress in the utilization of transition metal complexes as drugs for treatment of several human disorders like cancer, infections and neurological disorders, amongst others.Objective: The study attempted to obtain neutral complexes of MLn.nH2O type (M = Mn/Zn and L = leucine/alanine), characterize, and then study their biological activities.Methods: 2mmols of the ligands were dissolved each, in 20 ml distilled water and 0.33 ml of 30% NaOH was added. Then 1 mmol of the metal salts was dissolved in 2 ml of water and stirred, the salt solution was added to the solution of the ligand and stirred. The dark brown and white precipitates for manganese amino acid complex and zinc amino acid complexe respectively were filtered off, washed, dried in air and then weighed to establish the percent of complexation. The complexes were then subjected to both spectroscopic and non-spectroscopic method of analysis.Result: The result suggested the coordination of the ligand to the central metal.Conclusion: The results suggested monoclinic crystal system for all the complexes formed. The antimicrobial studies showed an enhanced biological sensitivity for the complexes when compared with that of the ligands, and the structure of the newly synthesized complexes were proposed to be octahedral for Mn-amino acid and tetrahedral for the Zn-amino acid.Â Â Â
Advantages, effectiveness and efficiency of using neodymium nanoparticles by 3d finite element method (FEM) as an optothermal human cancer cells, tissues and tumors treatment under synchrotron radiation
Authors: Heidari Alireza , Schmitt Katrina , Henderson Maria , Besana Elizabeth 
Published: March 2024

In the current study, thermoplasmonic characteristics of Neodymium nanoparticles with spherical, coreâ€“shell and rod shapes are investigated. In order to investigate these characteristics, interaction of synchrotron radiation emission as a function of the beam energy and Neodymium nanoparticles were simulated using 3D finite element method. Firstly, absorption and extinction cross sections were calculated. Then, increases in temperature due to synchrotron radiation emission as a function of the beam energy absorption were calculated in Neodymium nanoparticles by solving heat equation. The obtained results show that Neodymium nanorods are more appropriate option for using in optothermal human cancer cells, tissues and tumors treatment method.Â Â Â Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) image of Neodymium nanoparticles with 50000x zoom.Â Â
Extraction, characterisation, and assessment of the antioxidant activity of Salvia officinalis extracts
Authors: Jasim Abdul Razzaq D. , Omran Zahraa S . , Chiad Jamal S. , Rahi Firas Aziz , Hamad Moamer T. , Mohammed Sanaa S. 
Published: March 2024

One of the biggest and most significant fragrant and medicinal genera in the Lamiaceae family is salvia (sage). Sage infusion can have numerous health advantages, including anti-mycotic, anti-carcinogenic, antidiabetic, antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-proliferative effects. By lowering free radicals, antioxidants are the chemical compounds that stop or post-pone the oxidation process. Lipid oxidation causes color changes, texture problems, odd flavors, nutrient loss, and the creation of hazardous chemicals. Aim of study evaluation of the activity of Salvia officinalis extracts as antioxidants. Investigated was the chemical detection of active substances. The existence of an active substances and the use of aqueous and alcoholic extracts separately for toxicity test in mice in three concentrations: (10, 20, and 40 %) it was given orally and the dose ranged between (0.1-0.2) ml twice a day. Leave the mice for 72 h with monitoring to determine the toxicity of the extracts or not, and evaluation of oxidative stress efficiency by using the DDPH method. The presence of these compounds in extracts of the sage plant, which are compounds that have an effectiveness against cancer cells, which lies in the removal of free radicals (OH. O) they contribute to protecting cells and tissues from active oxygen, The toxicity test results of the aqueous and alcoholic extract showed that they were free of toxicity after oral dosing of mice, The active compounds in the prepared extracts have different polarity, in addition to the use of two different solvents, (water and ethanol), which lead differing results of the effectiveness of the aqueous and alcoholic extracts as antioxidants compared to the gallic acid. The tests for the detection of the active groups of the extracts showed that they are affected by the nature of the solvent in terms of polarity, which affects the type and concentration of the groups extracted and the nature of the extraction, The toxicity test results showed that the aqueous and alcoholic extracts were non-toxic, the results of the antioxidant activity test showed that the alcoholic extract of the sage plant is more effective than the aqueous extract.
A framework for the interpretation of heart rate variability applied to transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation and osteopathic manipulation
Authors: Kania Adrienne , Roufail Jumana , Prokop Joseph , Stauss Harald M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractReports on autonomic responses to transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) and osteopathic manipulative techniques have been equivocal, partly due to inconsistent interpretation of heart rate variability (HRV). We developed a mechanistic framework for the interpretation of HRV based on a model of sinus node automaticity that considers autonomic effects on Phase 3 repolarization and Phase 4 depolarization of the sinoatrial action potential. The model was applied to HRV parameters calculated from ECG recordings (healthy adult humans, both genders) before (30 min), during (15 min), and after (30 min) a time control intervention (rest, n = 23), taVNS (10 Hz, 300 μs, 1–2 mA, cymba concha, left ear, n = 12), or occipitoatlantal decompression (OA‐D, n = 14). The experimental protocol was repeated on 3 consecutive days. The model simulation revealed that low frequency (LF) HRV best predicts sympathetic tone when calculated from heart rate time series, while high frequency (HF) HRV best predicts parasympathetic tone when calculated from heart period time series. Applying our model to the HRV responses to taVNS and OA‐D, revealed that taVNS increases cardiac parasympathetic tone, while OA‐D elicits a mild decrease in cardiac sympathetic tone.
Determination of essential oil and chemical composition of St. John’s Wort
Authors: Doğan Hülya , Fidan Hafize , Baş Hatice , Stankov Stanko , Stoyanova Albena , Ercisli Sezai , Assouguem Amine , Ullah Riaz , Bari Ahmed 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Considering it contains a variety of physiologically active compounds, including flavonoids, common phenols, and essential oils (EOs), St. John’s wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) is a common plant in Bulgaria that is predominantly used in folk medicine to cure various disorders. Determining the chemical makeup of St. John’s wort inflorescences that were gathered from northern Bulgaria was the purpose of this investigation. The antioxidant activity of H. perforatum L. extracts was assessed using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrilhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) tests on methanol extract. The amount of EO obtained by water distillation was 0.08%, with its main components (over 3%) being n-nonane (27.46%), β-sesquiphellandrene (11.17%), heptanal dimethyl acetal (5.94%), ethyl hexyl ketone (5.93%), undecane (3.75%), sabinene (3.3%), and tridecyl alcohol (3.1%). Methanol extracts were obtained from the inflorescences, with the total flavonoid content determined as 8.66 mg quercetin equivalents (QE)/mg and total phenolic content as 271.33 mg Gallic acid equivalent/g. The FRAP assay yielded 493.07 µmol/L of antioxidant activity, while the TEAC assay yielded 106.39 µmol/L, respectively. Our findings enable a comprehensive characterization of H. perforatum from Bulgaria and an assessment of its oil suitability for potential industrial applications. Additionally, the results could guide the selection of specimens for future targeted breeding efforts.
Mesoporous silica-grafted deep eutectic solvent-based mixed matrix membranes for wastewater treatment: Synthesis and emerging pollutant removal performance
Authors: Rashid Kanwal , Aslam Muhammad , Rácz Ervin , Nadeem Sohail , Khan Zakir , Muhammad Nawshad , Rashid Zeeshan , Aljuwayid Ahmed M. , Shahid Muhammad Kashif , Irfan Muhammad 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Nano-enhanced membrane technology and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have demonstrated effectiveness in addressing emerging environmental pollutants. This research centers on purifying water by removing heavy metals employing membranes enhanced with mesoporous silica and DES. Various DESs, including hexanoic acid, octanoic acid, and decanoic acid, were synthesized using tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBABr) as a base. The study combined a polysulfone-based membrane with mesoporous silica, aiming for efficient indigenous crafting to remove heavy metals. Mesoporous silica was blended with the synthesized DES solution, creating diverse membranes for heavy metal separation. The study characterized these membranes using various techniques such as scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and contact angle measurements. Surface mapping confirmed the integration of silicon-based DES, reducing the membrane surface roughness from 4 to 1.4 nm. By adjusting the carboxylic acid chain length with TBABr and adding mesoporous silica, leaching ratios were reduced from 4.2 to 2.3%. Silica-grafted DES-based membranes exhibited a progressive increase in flux from 2.6 to 26.67 L/m2 h. The synthesized silicon-based membranes demonstrated outstanding performance, achieving rejection rates exceeding 80% for chromium and arsenic, maintaining an impressive 90% flux recovery ratio even at high flux rates. This study will envision the potential of nano-enhanced membrane technology utilizing DES for sustainable water purification and wastewater treatment applications to achieve the sustainable development goal (SDG) of clean water and sanitation (SDG-6).
Effects of selected biostimulants on qualitative and quantitative parameters of nine cultivars of the genus Capsicum spp.
Authors: Golian Marcel , Mezeyová Ivana , Andrejiová Alena , Hegedűsová Alžbeta , Adamec Samuel , Štefániková Jana , Árvay Július 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Despite the growing popularity of biostimulants among farmers, a major problem remains with their variable effects on individual species and varieties of cultivated crops. Therefore, it is important to know how to choose a suitable product for the given growing conditions while simultaneously considering species and varietal variability in crop cultivation. The goal of this study is to highlight different reactions of plants to the applied preparations within the monitored representatives of the Capsicum genus, with an emphasis on intervarietal variability. The experiments with two monitored and one control variants occurred during the growing seasons of 2020 and 2022 in Slovakia’s southwest region, characterized by a European continental climate with warm and dry summers. Seven varieties of Capsicum annuum and two varieties of Capsicum chinense were chosen based on actual growers’ preferences: “Žitava,” “Szegedi 80,” “Karkulka,” “Hodoníska sladká,” “Habanero Orange,” “Habanero Chocolate,” “Kristián,” “Damián” and “Kurtovska kápia.” In the present study, we observed the effects of selected commercial biostimulants – the combination of Energen Fulhum Plus and Energen Fruktus Plus in the first variant and the biostimulant Humix® Universal in the second variant – on bell pepper fruits. We evaluated three productivity parameters: fresh fruit weight per variety, weight of one fruit and number of bell pepper fruits per plant. From the qualitative parameters, we evaluated the content of ascorbic acid, capsaicin, carotenoids, and the American Spice Trade Association color value. The monitored biostimulants had variable effects in all pepper varieties, while some of them statistically significantly increased and others significantly decreased the monitored parameters. In conclusion, we state that the application of verified biostimulants did not have a uniform effect on the observed varieties of the Capsicum genus. Therefore, based on our results, we cannot generalize the effect of a specific biostimulant on a specific crop genus or species.