bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of guide wire displacement in robot-assisted spinal pedicle screw implantation
Authors: Liu Qing , Wang RuiYang , Ru Neng , Wu Yu , Guo ChangJin , Chen LeYuan , Liang Jie , Zhang Fan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractRobot-assisted pedicle screw placement is prone to guide wire migration, and the related influencing factors have not yet been discussed. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate and analyze the causes of robot-assisted spinal pedicle guide wire displacement and summarize the relevant treatment strategies. The surgical outcomes of 82 patients who underwent robotic-assisted pedicle screw spinal placement at our hospital between July 2022 and June 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. A total of 342 screws were placed in 82 patients; 47 guide wires were offset, 47 guide wires were replaced, and 295 guide wires were not significantly offset, with a first guide wire offset rate of 13.7% and a total guide wire offset rate of 12.1%. Univariate analysis showed that Screw placement level, whether respiration was controlled during guide wire placement, Hu value of CT, the position of needle insertion point, and operation time had a significant effect on guide wire deviation (P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the inclusion of screw placement segments, whether breathing was controlled during guide wire placement, and Hu value of CT had a significant effect on guide wire offset (P < 0.05). Whether the guide wire was offset had no significant effect on the accuracy of subsequent pedicle screw implantation (P > 0.05). The level of screw placement, whether breathing was controlled during guide wire placement, and Hu value of CT were independent risk factors for guide wire deviation. When causing an excursion, screw orientation can be adjusted during intraoperative screw placement, and guide wire excursion has no significant impact on the accuracy of subsequent pedicle screw placement.
Emerging multi-port soft tissue robotic systems: a systematic review of clinical outcomes
Authors: Leang Yit J. , Kong Joseph C. H. , Mosharaf Zahin , Hensman Chrys S. , Burton Paul R. , Brown Wendy A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMultiple novel multi-port robotic surgical systems have been introduced into clinical practice. This systematic review aims to evaluate the clinical outcomes of these novel robotic systems to conventional laparoscopic technique and established da Vinci robotic surgical platforms. A literature search of Embase, Medline, Pubmed, Cochrane library, and Google Scholar was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines from 2012 to May 2023. Studies comparing clinical outcomes of novel multi-port robotic surgical systems with laparoscopic or the da Vinci platforms were included. Case series with no comparison groups were excluded. Descriptive statistics were used to report patient and outcome data. A systematic narrative review was provided for each outcome. Twelve studies comprised of 1142 patients were included. A total of 6 novel multi-port robotic systems: Micro Hand S, Senhance, Revo-i MSR-5000, KangDuo, Versius, and Hugo™ RAS were compared against the laparoscopic or the da Vinci robotic platforms. Clinical outcomes of these novel robotic platforms were comparable to the established da Vinci platforms. When compared against conventional laparoscopic approaches, the robotic platforms demonstrated lower volume of blood loss, shorter length of stay but longer operative time. This systematic review highlighted the safe implementation and efficacy of 6 new robotic systems. The clinical outcomes achieved by these new robotic systems are comparable to the established da Vinci robotic system in simple to moderate case complexities. There is emerging evidence that these new robotic systems provide a viable alternative to currently available robotic platforms.
The deconstructed procedural description in robotic colorectal surgery
Authors: Larkins Kirsten , Quirke Ned , Ong Hwa Ian , Mohamed Jade El , Heriot Alexander , Warrier Satish , Mohan Helen 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIncreasing robotic surgical utilisation in colorectal surgery internationally has strengthened the need for standardised training. Deconstructed procedural descriptions identify components of an operation that can be integrated into proficiency-based progression training. This approach allows both access to skill level appropriate training opportunities and objective and comparable assessment. Robotic colorectal surgery has graded difficulty of operative procedures lending itself ideally to component training. Developing deconstructed procedural descriptions may assist in the structure and progression components in robotic colorectal surgical training. There is no currently published guide to procedural descriptions in robotic colorectal surgical or assessment of their training utility. This scoping review was conducted in June 2022 following the PRISMA-ScR guidelines to identify which robotic colorectal surgical procedures have available component-based procedural descriptions. Secondary aims were identifying the method of development of these descriptions and how they have been adapted in a training context. 20 published procedural descriptions were identified covering 8 robotic colorectal surgical procedures with anterior resection the most frequently described procedure. Five publications included descriptions of how the procedural description has been utilised for education and training. From these publications terminology relating to using deconstructed procedural descriptions in robotic colorectal surgical training is proposed. Development of deconstructed robotic colorectal procedural descriptions (DPDs) in an international context may assist in the development of a global curriculum of component operating competencies supported by objective metrics. This will allow for standardisation of robotic colorectal surgical training and supports a proficiency-based training approach.
The effect of metabolic syndrome on prognosis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Xiong Wenjing , Li Liru , Hui Xue , Liu Yue , Li Hongbin , Zhang Yue , Zhao Shu 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Metabolic syndrome (MetS), characterized by insulin resistance, is closely associated with the prognosis of various cancer types, but has not been reported in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). The aim of this study is to examine how other clinicopathological variables and the MetS influence the prognosis of DLBCL.

Methods
Clinical and pathological data were collected from 319 patients with DLBCL who were admitted to our hospital between January 2012 and December 2020. The data accessible with SPSS 27.0 enables the utilization of various statistical methods for clinical data analysis, including independent sample t test and univariate and multivariate COX regression.

Results
The presence of MetS was linked to both overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), in addition to other clinicopathological characteristics as age, IPI score, rituximab usage, and Ki-67 expression level. This link with OS and PFS indicated a poor prognosis, as shown by survival analysis. Subsequent univariate analysis identified IPI score, Ki-67 expression level, tumor staging, rituximab usage, lactate dehydrogenase expression level, and the presence or absence of MetS as factors linked with OS and PFS. Furthermore, multivariate Cox regression analysis confirmed the independent risk factor status of IPI score, Ki-67 expression level, rituximab usage, and the presence of MetS in evaluating the prognosis of patients with DLBCL.

Conclusion
This study’s findings indicate that patients with pre-treatment MetS had a poor prognosis, with relatively shorter OS and PFS compared to those without pre-treatment MetS. Furthermore, the presence of MetS, IPI score, Ki-67 expression level, and rituximab usage were identified as independent risk factors significantly affecting the prognosis of DLBCL.
Production of Aroma-Rich Extracts from Sardine Cooking Wastewaters: Exploring Their Potential for Modulating Feed Intake in European Seabass
Authors: Resende Daniela , Pereira Maria J. , Sá Tiago , Brazinha Carla , Pintado Manuela , Valente Luisa M. P. , Velasco Cristina 
Published: March 2024

AbstractManaging the canning industry’s nutrient-rich and odorous liquid waste is a hurdle. Concurrently, the growing use of vegetable ingredients in aquafeeds diminishes palatability and feed consumption in carnivorous fish. Thus, we hypothesized that aromas could be extracted from cooking wastewaters at canning factories and added to plant-based diets to stimulate intake in European seabass. Sardine cooking wastewaters were collected and tested directly (CW-A) or after vacuum distillation (VD-A) or liquid/liquid extraction with soybean oil (LLE-A). Despite losses in aldehydes and short-chain alcohols, both processes were effective in removing off-flavours. VD-A displayed a higher concentration of most aromas compared to LLE-A. Extracts were included at 2 μg g−1 of 1-penten-3-ol, the most abundant compound in all extracts, in diets (CW, VD, LLE). A non-supplemented diet was used as control. Each diet was assigned to six groups of juvenile fish, fed a single meal until apparent satiation. Our emphasis was on this initial feeding to comprehend the hedonic control of feed intake, minimizing habituation effects and the impact of the long-term metabolic requirements. Feed intake was highest for the control group. No differences on plasma metabolites were observed, suggesting feed intake was primarily regulated by hedonic rather than homeostatic mechanisms. Moreover, the lower intake in the supplemented diets was partially associated with a lower expression of orexigenic (intake-promoting) neuropeptides and higher expression of anorexigenic (intake-reducing) neuropeptides in the brain, despite the lack of significant diet-related differences. Overall, this study presents a novel approach to valorise cooking wastewater from the canning industry, since cooking wastewaters extracts rich in aromas were successfully produced, however, in the tested concentration, had no positive impact on the short-term feed intake response of European seabass.
Graphical Abstract
Post-cellular biotic evolution in a nutshell
Authors: Schubert Ingo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe minimum requirements for post-cellular evolution from prokaryotes towards multicellular eukaryotes are outlined. The main steps are: formation of a true nucleus harboring linear chromosomes with centromeres and telomeres, establishing of mitosis and of sex via meiosis and fertilization, endosymbiotic gain of mitochondria and plastids, and epigenetic differentiation of non-separated cells into tissues of multicellular organisms. Erroneous DNA double-strand break repair and cell fusion are postulated as main drivers of eukaryotic evolution. Advantages versus disadvantages of eukaryotes compared to prokaryotes are discussed.
Thymic hyperplasia is accurate to detect new-onset Graves’ hyperthyroidism and resolves after restoring euthyroidism
Authors: Scappaticcio L. , Caruso P. , Di Martino N. , Ferrazzano P. , Clemente A. , Maiorino M. I. , Regginelli A. , Docimo G. , Rambaldi P. F. , Bellastella G. , Trimboli P. , Cappabianca S. , Esposito K. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Abnormal liver blood tests (ALBTs), neutropenia (NEU) and thymic hyperplasia (TH) are new features of Graves' disease (GD). Our objectives were: (a) to calculate the accuracy of TH in discriminating between Graves’ and non-Graves’ thyrotoxicosis, compared to ALBTs, NEU and Graves’ orbitopathy (GO); (b) to explore the outcome of GD-associated TH and non-GD-associated TH.

Methods
We prospectively analyzed consecutive adult patients with newly diagnosed thyrotoxicosis from January 2018 to June 2023. TH was detected via neck ultrasound (nUS) then confirmed and followed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). For GD vs non-GD clinical sensitivity (SE) and specificity (SPEC), accuracy, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of GO, TH, ALBTs and NEU were calculated.

Results
264 thyrotoxic patients were included. TH was found in 16.4% (20/122) of GD vs 1.4% (2/142) in non-GD (p < 0.001). SE, SPEC, accuracy, PPV and NPV of the four extrathyroidal manifestations of GD were as follows, respectively: GO 26%, 100%, 66%, 100%, 61%; ALBTs 41%, 89%, 69%, 76%, 66%; NEU 5%, 100%, 56%, 100%, 55%; TH 16%, 98%, 61%, 91%, 98%. In 18 of them, TH regressed within 12 months after achieving euthyroidism under anti-thyroid drug therapy, while in the remaining 2, TH regressed 6 months after thyroid surgery. In the two non-GD patients with TH, thymus disappeared along with euthyroidism.

Conclusions
TH in the hyperthyroidism scenario provides a high PPV for GD. A conservative approach for the diagnostic work‐up and initial management of thyrotoxicosis-associated TH should be adopted.
A novel tri-stage with reward-switching mechanism for constrained multiobjective optimization problems
Authors: Qu Jiqing , Li Xuefeng , Xiao Hui 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe effective exploitation of infeasible solutions plays a crucial role in addressing constrained multiobjective optimization problems (CMOPs). However, existing constrained multiobjective optimization evolutionary algorithms (CMOEAs) encounter challenges in effectively balancing objective optimization and constraint satisfaction, particularly when tackling problems with complex infeasible regions. Subsequent to the prior exploration, this paper proposes a novel tri-stage with reward-switching mechanism framework (TSRSM), including the push, pull, and repush stages. Each stage consists of two coevolutionary populations, namely $${\text {Pop}}_1$$

Pop
1

and $${\text {Pop}}_2$$

Pop
2

. Throughout the three stages, $${\text {Pop}}_1$$

Pop
1

is tasked with converging to the constrained Pareto front (CPF). However, $${\text {Pop}}_2$$

Pop
2

is assigned with distinct tasks: (i) converging to the unconstrained Pareto front (UPF) in the push stage; (ii) utilizing constraint relaxation technique to discover the CPF in the pull stage; and (iii) revisiting the search for the UPF through knowledge transfer in the repush stage. Additionally, a novel reward-switching mechanism (RSM) is employed to transition between different stages, considering the extent of changes in the convergence and diversity of populations. Finally, the experimental results on three benchmark test sets and 30 real-world CMOPs demonstrate that TSRSM achieves competitive performance when compared with nine state-of-the-art CMOEAs. The source code is available at https://github.com/Qu-jq/TSRSM.
An algebraic characterization of entire polynomial diffeomorphisms
Authors: Xavier Frederico 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIt is shown that a polynomial map $$F: {\mathbb {R}}^n \rightarrow {\mathbb {R}}^n$$

F
:

R

n

→

R

n

with nowhere zero Jacobian determinant is invertible if and only if an explicit auxiliary polynomial system admits only the trivial solution. The main corollary is a concrete invertibility criterion in the Jacobian conjecture. The proof, conceptually related to differential geometry, represents a simple but infrequent application of differential equations to algebra.
The impact of contract farming on income of smallholder vegetables farmers in the central rift valley of Ethiopia
Authors: Neme Abdisa Abe , Tefera Tesfaye Lemma , Abdi Bedru Beshir , Aweke Chanyalew Seyoum 
Published: March 2024

AbstractRecently, due attention was given to the commercialization of smallholder agriculture through contact farming, hoping that it would bring the positive impact on the income of smallholder producer in Ethiopia. This article presents the results of data analysis conducted to generate empirical data required to inform the smallholder agricultural commercialization policy using data collected from 424 (194 participants and 230 non-participants) randomly selected vegetables producer farmers from the 2 districts of the East shewa zone of the Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia. The propensity score matching was used to assess the impact of contract farming (CF) on smallholder farmers’ income in the study area. The probit model result shows that, the proportion of total crop area allocated to vegetables, access to credit, frequency of extension contacts, market information, and distance of the market center havepositive and significance effects on decision of vegetable producers to participate on the CF. The impact assessment result using PSM reveals that, gross annual income of the contract participants were lower by the 3.8% (Birr 2942) as compared to the non- participants. This implies that, local context matters for the success of CF and improves their livelihood. However, some of the CF participants would like to continue for access of production inputs, access to credit, technical advice and to reduce marketing risks and uncertainty. In conclusion, CF is a useful institutional arrangement which increases smallholders’ income and benefit from remunerative value chains agriculture, but it is not a panacea that works in different contexts. Hence, policy makers should base their choices on empirical evidence and local context to consider alternative and complementary intervention options to enhance smallholder commercialization and ensure sustainable livelihood in the research area.
Role of Ice Mechanics on Snow Viscoplasticity
Authors: Védrine Louis , Hagenmuller Pascal , Gélébart Lionel , Montagnat Maurine , Bernard Antoine 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe porous structure of snow becomes denser with time under gravity, primarily due to the creep of its ice matrix with viscoplasticity. Despite investigation of this behavior at the macroscopic scale, the driving microscopic mechanisms are still not well understood. Thanks to high‐performance computing and dedicated solvers, we modeled snow elasto‐viscoplasticity with 3D images of its microstructure and different mechanical models of ice. The comparison of our numerical experiments to oedometric compression tests measured by tomography showed that ice in snow rather behaves as a heterogeneous set of ice crystals than as homogeneous polycrystalline ice. Similarly to dense ice, the basal slip system contributed at most, in the simulations, to the total snow deformation. However, in the model, the deformation accommodation between crystals was permitted by the pore space and did not require any prismatic and pyramidal slips, whereas the latter are pre‐requisite for the simulation of dense ice.
Electron Resonant Interaction With Coherent ULF Waves: Hamiltonian Approach
Authors: Artemyev Anton , An Xin , Vainchtein Dmitri , Rankin Robert , Zhou Xuzhi , Li Li , Zhang Xiao‐Jia 
Published: March 2024

AbstractElectron resonant interaction with ultra‐low‐frequency (ULF) waves is considered to be a driver of electron radial transport in Earth’s inner magnetosphere. Traditional concept of such interaction assumes the electron slow diffusive scattering by a broad‐band ULF spectrum, but recent spacecraft observations reported a possibility for electrons to resonate nonlinearly with intense coherent ULF waves. This study proposes a theoretical model describing the main elements of such nonlinear resonant interactions. We implement a Hamiltonian approach to describe equatorial electron motion in a dipole magnetic field and electric ULF wavefield and demonstrate the ULF‐electron interactions has two basic nonlinear resonant regimes: phase bunching and phase trapping. Finally, we discuss possible applications of the proposed theoretical approach and the importance of ULF‐electron nonlinear resonances.
Ion Dynamics Across a Low Mach Number Bow Shock
Authors: Graham D. B. , Khotyaintsev Yu. V. , Dimmock A. P. , Lalti A. , Boldú J. J. , Tigik S. F. , Fuselier S. A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA thorough understanding of collisionless shocks requires knowledge of how different ion species are accelerated across the shock. We investigate a bow shock crossing using the Magnetospheric Multiscale spacecraft after a coronal mass ejection crossed Earth, which led to solar wind consisting of protons, alpha particles, and singly charged helium ions. The three species are resolved upstream of the shock. The low Mach number of the bow shock enabled the ions to be partly distinguished downstream of the shock due to the relatively low ion heating. Some of the protons are specularly reflected and produce quasi‐periodic fine structures in the velocity distribution functions downstream of the shock. Heavier ions are shown to transit the shock without reflection. However, the gyromotion of the heavier ions partially obscures the fine structure of proton distributions. Additionally, the calculated proton moments are unreliable when the different ion species are not distinguished by the particle detector. The need for high time‐resolution mass‐resolving ion detectors when investigating collisionless shocks is discussed.
Recent Challenges in the APCC Multi‐Model Ensemble Seasonal Prediction: Hindcast Period Issue
Authors: Min Young‐Mi , Im Chang‐Mook , Kryjov Vladimir N. , Jeong Daeun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSeasonal forecasts are commonly issued in the form of anomalies, which are departures from the average over a specified multiyear reference period (climatology). The model climatology is estimated as the average of the retrospective forecasts over the hindcast period. However, different operational centers that provide seasonal ensemble predictions use different hindcast periods based on their model climatology. Additionally, the hindcast periods of recently developed and upgraded newer models have shifted in the recent years. In this paper, we discuss the recent challenges faced by APCC multi‐model ensemble (MME) operations, especially changes in the hindcast period for individual models. Based on the results of various experiments for MME prediction, we propose changing the hindcast period, which is the most appropriate solution for APCC operation. This makes the newly developed models join the MME and increases the total number of participating models, which facilitates the skill improvement of the MME prediction.
Electrical Alignment Signatures of Ice Particles Before Intracloud Lightning Activity Detected by Dual‐Polarized Phased Array Weather Radar
Authors: Wang Shuo , Wada Yuuki , Hayashi Syugo , Ushio Tomoo , Chandrasekar V. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe cloud electrification process has great significance in understanding the microphysical properties, electrical characteristics, and evolution of thunderstorms. This study employs an X‐band dual‐polarized multiparameter phased array weather radar (MP‐PAWR) to observe the electrical alignment signatures of ice particles before the first intracloud (IC) lightning flash, and to explore the evolution of the upper charge region in the early electrification stage of an isolated thunderstorm. Negative KDP signatures associated with vertically oriented ice particles by strong electric fields in the upper parts of the thunderstorm are analyzed by introducing composite KDP, which is defined as a minimum KDP value observed in a vertical column across all elevation scans at each specific horizontal grid point at and above a designated layer. About 7 min before the first IC lightning flash, the mean canting angle of ice particles in the upper parts of the cloud changed from horizontal to vertical by strong electric fields, and the concentration of vertically aligned ice particles on the top of the cloud reached the maximum 30 s before the first IC lightning flash. These signatures exhibit an early electrification process in the upper parts of the thunderstorm. These results indicate that with the high spatial and temporal resolution, MP‐PAWRs have the ability not only to detect the rapid evolution of microphysical structures but also to observe the early electrification of thunderstorms, which will facilitate forecasting IC lightning flash initiation combined with graupel presence signatures in the mixed‐phase region in normal operation.