bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stability analysis of generalized cellular neural networks
Authors: Guzelis Cuneyt , Chua Leon O. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractA rather general class of neural networks, called generalized cellular neural networks (CNNs), is introduced. the new model covers most of the known neural network architectures, including cellular neural networks, Hopfield networks and multilayer perceptrons. Several sets of conditions ensuring the input‐output stability and global asymptotic stability of generalized CNNs have been obtained. the conditions for the stability of individual cells are checked in the frequency domain, while the stability of the overall network is analysed in terms of the stability of individual cells and the connectivity characteristics. the results on the global asymptotic stability are useful for the design of a generalized CNN such that the orbit of each state converges to a globally asymptotically stable equilibrium point which depends only on the input and not on the initial state. Such a network defines an algebraic map from the space of external inputs to the space of steady state values of the outputs and hence can accomplish cognitive and computational tasks.
An accurate reference‐generating circuit for successive approximation current mode A/D converters
Authors: Krishnan Shoba , Wey Chin‐Long 
Published: July 2007

AbstractAs pressures increase on VLSI designers to use a lower supply voltage of 3.3 V rather than the present 5 V, current mode signal‐processing techniques will surely become increasingly important and attractive. This paper presents the design of a reference‐generating (RG) circuit which employs a current mode divide‐by‐two circuit. Current dividers are usually implemented by using resistor networks or weighted transistors. the division accuracy of such solutions is limited by resistor or transistor mismatch. In this study the proposed divide‐by‐two circuit does not rely on well‐matched components and high‐gain op amps to achieve high accuracy. This paper also addresses the relationship among the operation and accuracy of the division process, the transistor mismatch and the resolution of a converter which employs the RG circuit. the proposed RG circuit can be implemented not only for medium‐speed successive approximation current mode A/D converters but also for A/D converter arrays achieving a high conversion rate.
Uncountable transfinite graphs and electrical networks
Authors: Zemanian A. H. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractUp to now the theory of infinite and transfinite graphs and electrical networks has been established only for the case where the branch sets are countable. This work extends that prior theory to graphs and networks with uncountable branch sets, a structure that arises quite naturally in the theory of transfinite graphs. Moreover, conditions on the local structure of the transfinite graph are given which insure the countability of the branch set. Finally, it is shown that only countably many of the branches in an uncountable electrical network can have non‐zero voltages and currents, and therefore the restriction to countability in the prior theory is not essentially restrictive.
A PWL ladder circuit which exhibits hysteresis
Authors: Parodi Mauro , Storace Marco , Cincotti Silvano 
Published: July 2007

AbstractA circuit model for static hysteresis is presented. the circuit has a ladder structure with linear capacitors and piece wise linear resistors. the model behaviour shows all basic characteristics of static hysteresis phenomena. the model is put into relation with others proposed in the literature. an analysis of the model properties and a detailed comparison with the static Preisach model are made.
Optimality condition for truncated generalized laguerre networks
Authors: Belt H. J. W. , Brinker A. C. Den 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe optimality condition for the free parameter in a truncated Laguerre network in both continuous‐time and discrete‐time has recently been established. This condition is of a very simple form and is independent of the power spectrum of the input signal, which makes it attractive for system identification purposes. the simple form of the optimality condition stems from the following property. the derivative of a basis function in the Laguerre series w.r.t. to the free parameter can be expressed in the previous and next basis functions. This property not only applies to the basis functions in a Laguerre series but also to those in specific generalizations of the Laguerre series. In particular we consider the generalized Laguerre functions and what will be called the Meixner‐like functions. For these generalizations the same optimality condition as for a Laguerre series holds.
Models for transmission lines with connecting transistors based on wave digital filters
Authors: Erbar Maximilian , Horneber Ernst‐Helmut 
Published: July 2007

AbstractBased on the theory of wave digital filters (WDFs), models are derived to simulate interconnection circuits. They contain lumped transmission line models and transmission line models derived from their partial differential equations (distributed models). Both kinds of models are implemented in the transmission line simulator ALWX in order to calculate the signal wave‐forms on transmission lines and the cross‐talk behaviour between them. Additional MOS transistor models extend the possible applications. Compared with other simulators, ALWX shows significant advantages in CPU time while producing results with high accuracy.
Poles and zeros of bandpass filters for high‐performance sigma‐delta modulators
Authors: Bellanger M. , Vouillemont A. , Azrouf S. , Gourgue F. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractHigh‐performance bandpass sigma‐delta modulators find applications in digital mobile radio for accurate analogue‐to‐digital conversion in receivers.An approach based on the positioning of the poles and zeros is proposed for the digital design of the high‐order loop filters which are required. Inverse notch filter sections are cascaded in a first step and then poles and zeros are moved to meet the performance objectives and achieve system stability.A distinct feature of the analysis and design technique presented is that it takes stability into account explicitly.Examples illustrate the practicality of the method as well as the level of performance which can be achieved in theory. the integrated circuit realization still has to be investigated to confirm the potential of the proposed design approach.
Some properties of the attractors of discrete‐time cellular neural networks
Authors: Perfetti R. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractSome theoretical properties concerning discrete‐time (discrete‐state) cellular neural networks (DTCNNs) are presented which illustrate the role of self‐feedback and shed some light on the sizes and shapes of the attraction basins. the main results proved in the paper are the following. (1) With no self‐feedback, two states cannot both be fixed points of the DTCNN dynamics if they differ or coincide in isolated grid positions. (2) With no self‐feedback, every state which differs from a fixed point v (coincides with v) only in isolated grid positions is attracted to v(‐v) along some orbit with block‐sequential dynamics. (3) For a k‐attractor of a DTCNN we have k < (2r + 1)2/2, where r is the neighbourhood radius. (4) the attraction domain of a k‐attractor v includes all the states which differ from v in at most k positions per neighbourhood. the properties proved herein are a consequence exclusively of the local connectivity of DTCNNs.
A recursive least squares algorithm for an orthogonal iir adaptive line enhancer
Authors: Fahmy M. F. , El‐Raheem G. M. , Ibrahim H. M. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractA novel method is described for the frequency estimation of signals from a noisy background. It is based on realizing the IIR adaptive filter as a parallel connection of discrete orthogonal sections. A fast Gauss‐Newton‐type recursive algorithm has also been derived to update the parameters of these orthogonal sections. It has been shown that for highly noisy signals, this approach significantly improves the frequency estimation capabilities as well as increases the overall signal‐to‐noise ratio of the adaptive recursive filters. Illustrative examples are given to verify these results.
Are obsessive‐compulsive personality traits associated with a poor outcome in anorexia nervosa? A systematic review of randomized controlled trials and naturalistic outcome studies
Authors: Crane Anna M. , Roberts Marion E. , Treasure Janet 
Published: July 2007

AbstractObjective:Obsessive‐compulsive personality disorder (OCPD) traits are commonly associated with anorexia nervosa (AN). The aim of this review was to systematically search the literature to examine whether OCPD traits have an impact on the outcome of AN.Method:A systematic electronic search of the literature (using Medline, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) was undertaken to identify relevant publications (randomized controlled trials (RCT's) and naturalistic studies), until February 2006.Results:Eleven prospective longitudinal studies and 12 RCT's met criteria for inclusion. A meta‐analysis was not feasible as the studies were too heterogeneous. Just over half of published longitudinal studies found that OCPD traits were associated with a negative outcome in AN. Additionally, results from three RCTs suggested that these traits may moderate outcome. OCPD traits were reduced after treatment in five RCTs.Conclusion:There is tentative support to suggest that individuals with AN and concomitant OCPD traits have a poorer prognosis, and that these traits moderate outcome. A reduction in these traits may mediate this change. An individualized case formulation with treatment tailored to OCPD traits may improve the outcome of AN. © 2007 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
What can dropouts teach us about retention in eating disorder treatment studies?
Authors: Hoste Renee Rienecke , Zaitsoff Shannon , Hewell Kristen , le Grange Daniel 
Published: July 2007

AbstractObjective:To describe strategies used to retain adolescents with bulimia nervosa (BN) in a randomized clinical trial, and to compare treatment completers and dropouts on baseline demographic and symptom severity information.Method:Adolescents with BN (N = 80) completed a demographic questionnaire, the Eating Disorder Examination, Rosenberg Self‐esteem Scale, Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scales, and Beck Depression Inventory prior to beginning treatment.Results:Several strategies were used to promote treatment retention (e.g., encouraging parental involvement in treatment, prompt rescheduling of cancelled appointments). Six participants (7.50%) voluntarily dropped out of treatment and three additional participants (3.75%) were asked to terminate treatment for medical/psychiatric reasons. Compared with treatment completers, noncompleters reported significantly longer duration of illness (p < .01). Sixty‐two percent of treatment completers and only 22% of dropouts were from intact families.Conclusion:Examining factors related to retention in adolescent treatment trials is important, and could be utilized to improve retention in adult studies where drop out rates are higher. © 2007 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Stability constants of amino acids, peptides, proteins, and other biomolecules determined by CE and related methods: Recapitulation of published data
Authors: Ušelová‐Včeláková Kateřina , Zusková Iva , Gaš Bohuslav 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe stability (affinity, association, binding, complexation, formation) constant characterizes binding interaction between the analyte and the complexing agent. Knowledge of the stability constant makes possible the prediction and estimation of the binding behavior of constituents (amino acids, peptides, proteins, drugs, antibiotics, enzymes, enantiomers) to their partners, and the finding of a suitable partner for the given analyte to form a stable complex. The present paper summarizes the stability constant determination methods and the approaches used to evaluate the experimental data. Further, the paper recapitulates the published stability constant values determined, mainly, by capillary electrophoretic methods, taken from the Web of Science database covering the last decade. Details of the experimental conditions employed for the determination of the stability constants are also given. The review attempts to give a critical evaluation of the problems that accompany the determination of stability constant and discusses their solution.
Characterization and differentiation of diverse transgenic and nontransgenic soybean varieties from CE protein profiles
Authors: García‐Ruiz Carmen , García Mª Concepción , Cifuentes Alejandro , Marina Mª Luisa 
Published: July 2007

AbstractNowadays, soybeans are commercialized in a wide variety of colors and tones. Moreover, some pigmented seeds are being commercialized as soybeans while, on other occasions, these seeds are labeled as mung beans, azuki beans or soybean frijoles generating confusion on their identity. In this work, CE has been applied for the first time for the characterization and differentiation of different pigmented beans commercialized as soybeans. Other seeds commercialized as azuki, mung green soybeans or soybean frijoles were also analyzed. Borate buffer (at pH 8.5) containing 20% v/v ACN was used as the separation media and solution containing ACN/water (75:25 v/v) with 0.3% v/v acetic acid was used to solubilize the proteins from the samples. A 50 cm bare fused‐silica capillary was employed for obtaining adequate separations in about 12 min. The CE protein pattern observed for yellow soybeans was different from that corresponding to green and red soybeans. The seeds commercialized as black soybean presented electropherograms identical or similar to those yielded by the yellow seeds with the exception of the sample labeled as black soybeans frijoles that presented a totally different pattern. In addition, CE protein profiles obtained for azuki and mung green soybeans were very similar to those corresponding to red soybeans and green soybeans, respectively. Finally, the CE method was also applied to differentiate transgenic and nontransgenic soybean varieties. Discriminant analysis, using several protein peak areas as variable, was used to successfully classify these samples.
ISEE: Internet‐based Simulation for Earthquake Engineering—Part I: Database approach
Authors: Yang Yuan‐Sen , Hsieh Shang‐Hsien , Tsai Keh‐Chyuan , Wang Shiang‐Jung , Wang Kung‐Juin , Cheng Wei‐Choung , Hsu Chuan‐Wen 
Published: July 2007

AbstractAn Internet‐based framework, named Internet‐based Simulation for Earthquake Engineering (ISEE) was developed to facilitate collaborative earthquake engineering experiments performed by multiple laboratories in a network environment. One of the approaches in the ISEE framework, named Database Approach, offers an easy way to perform multi‐site networked collaborative pseudo‐dynamic experiments. The Database Approach uses the Structured
Query Language (SQL), a common and standardized computer language used in database management systems, for inter‐laboratory communications. Using the SQL protocol, it is easy to monitor the experiments' progress, access the data, as well as develop additional programs to expand the functions for a networked experiment. This approach offers consistency and durability of selected experimental data both during and after experiments. Two networked pseudo‐dynamic experiments were conducted to demonstrate the feasibility and expansibility of the Database Approach in ISEE. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Early Silurian positive δ13C excursions and their relationship to glaciations, sea‐level changes and extinction events
Authors: Loydell David K. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractEvidence is presented from the upper Aeronian, lower Sheinwoodian and middle Homerian demonstrating that positive δ13C excursions in the lower Silurian are the result of increased carbonate weathering and probably also enhanced burial of organic carbon coincident with sea‐level falls resulting from growth of ice sheets on the South American part of Gondwana. Graptolite extinctions are coincident with the δ13C excursions, whereas major conodont extinction events (Ireviken and Mulde) are not, but conversely, occur at times of high sea level. This suggests very different controls on graptolite and conodont global diversity patterns. Palynological studies suggest that netromorph acritarchs may have been opportunists that flourished during positive δ13C excursion intervals. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Social norms, ideal body weight and food attitudes
Authors: Etilé Fabrice 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThis paper uses French data on ideal body weight and food attitudes to analyse the role of social norms in the individual's weight control problem. A proxy measure of social norms is calculated by averaging individual perceptions of the ideal Body Mass Index (BMI) over all observations within a reference group. Testing for different definitions of the reference group, we find that individual representations of ideal body shape are differentiated mainly along gender and age lines. Social norms regarding body shape have a significant effect on perceptions of ideal BMI only for those women who want to lose weight, with an elasticity close to 0.5. For many women and for all men, ideal BMI is almost exclusively determined by habitual BMI. Last, ideal BMI predicts a number of attitudes towards food, while social norms do not. These results suggest that promoting medical norms regarding body shape should have little effect on individual food attitudes. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The development of local circulations around the Lena River and their effect on tower‐observed energy imbalance
Authors: Hiyama T. , Strunin M. A. , Tanaka H. , Ohta T. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractHorizontal wind speed and vertical wind speed fluctuation data obtained from aircraft during the GEWEX Asian Monsoon Experiment‐Siberia (GAME‐Siberia) project revealed the development of a local circulation in the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) near the Lena River, Siberia. Horizontal wind speed distributions showed regions where wind direction was opposite that of the synoptically dominant wind flow. Horizontal wind speed distributions and horizontally averaged vertical wind speed fluctuations with a 4‐km cut‐off distance were used to derive air stream vectors. The vectors showed the development of local circulations only over the upwind side of the Lena River on some days. Criteria for local circulation detection are suggested. Tower‐based energy imbalances were observed at two flux‐tower sites. Turbulent heat fluxes were underestimated relative to the available energy when mean downward flow dominated at the flux tower. This tower‐observed energy imbalance might be related to the development of local circulations near the Lena River. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Large‐scale summer monsoon rainfall over India and its relation to 850 hPa wind shear
Authors: Prasad V. S. , Hayashi Taiichi 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe daily variations of the horizontal wind shear at the 850 hPa level between a southern region (5–15°N, 40–80°E; Zone 1) and a northern region (20–30°N, 70–90°E; Zone 2) during the period 1979–2002 were investigated. Investigations revealed that the changes of this wind shear on a daily basis are directly related to the large‐scale rainfall over the Indian region during the monsoon season. The wind shear of zonal wind together with Zone 2 is useful for determining active, weak and break periods of the Indian summer monsoon (ISM). Thus, the Horizontal Wind Shear can be used as a dynamical circulation Index (HWSI) for studying ISM variability. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Distributed tank model and GAME reanalysis data applied to the simulation of runoff within the Chao Phraya River Basin, Thailand
Authors: Huang Wenfeng , Nakane Kazurou , Matsuura Reiko , Matsuura Tomonori 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe tank model is well known as a lumped conceptual hydrological model. In contrast with the large number of physical‐based models developed over the past 30 years, only a few distributed conceptual hydrological models are available. In this study, a high‐resolution distributed tank model is used to simulate river flow within a continental river basin, the Chao Phraya River basin, Thailand, using GEWEX Asian Monsoon Experiment (GAME) Reanalysis data. The model has a spatial resolution of 0·1 by 0·1 degrees and a temporal resolution of 1 h. Four terrain types and ten types of land use are identified in the model, and the model parameters were found to vary with the terrain type and land use. The model parameters were first determined in the 4841 km2 Khwae Noi River basin as a prototype area before being generalized to the entire 160 000 km2 of the Chao Phraya River basin. Simulation results at various sites indicate that the distributed tank model provides a sound approximation of the observed runoff data and is therefore a useful and reliable tool for the runoff simulation in this tropical continental river basin. Our results also indicated that after assimilating observational data, it was possible to use GAME Reanalysis data for such a distributed hydrological simulation. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Paclitaxel‐eluting composite fibers: Drug release and tensile mechanical properties
Authors: Zilberman Meital , Kraitzer Amir 
Published: July 2007

AbstractNew core/shell fiber structures loaded with paclitaxel were developed and studied. These composite fibers are ideal for forming thin, delicate, biomedically important structures for various applications. Possible applications include fiber‐based endovascular stents that mechanically support blood vessels while delivering drugs for preventing restenosis directly to the blood vesel wall, or drug delivery systems for treatment of cancer. The core/shell fiber structures were formed by “coating” dense core fibers with porous paclitaxel‐containing poly(DL‐lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) (PDLGA) structures. Shell preparation (“coating”) was performed by freeze‐drying water in oil emulsions. The present study focused on the effects of the emulsion's formulation (composition) and processing conditions on the paclitaxel release profile and on the fibers' tensile mechanical properties. In general, the porous PDLGA shell released ∼40% of the paclitaxel, with most of the release occurring during the first 30 days. The main release mechanism during the tested period is diffusion, rather than polymer degradation. The release rate and quantity increased with increased drug content or decreased polymer content, whereas the organic:aqueous phase ratio had practically no effect on the release profile. These new composite fibers are strong and flexible enough to be used as basic elements for stents. We demonstrated that proper selection of processing conditions based on kinetic and thermodynamic considerations can yield polymer/drug systems with the desired drug release behavior and good mechanical properties. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2007