bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CURRENT STATUS AND PERSPECTIVES OF THE USE OF SPECIES OF THE GENUS MELAMPYRUM IN MEDICINE AND PHARMACY
Authors: Reznik V.V. , Grytsyk A.R. 
Published: March 2024

Здавна люди рятували своє життя, використовуючи лікарські речовини. Увагу науковців приваблюють лікарські рослини, що мають багатовіковий досвід застосування. До таких рослин належать види роду Перестріч, які є неофіцинальними в Україні, проте їх широко використовують у народній медицині. Дослідженнями проблем використання сировини рослин роду Перестріч займаються вчені багатьох країн, зокрема: Broome A. (2003), Tennant D.J. (2008), З. М. Цимбалюк і С. Л. Мосякін (2012), Yong-Chao Li та співавт. (2019), Dong-Pil Jin та співавт. (2021).
Метою нашої роботи є вивчення ботанічної характеристики, розповсюдження видів роду Перестріч і визначення перспективних видів.
У дослідженнях ми використовували такі методи, як: ретроспективний, бібліографічний, історичний і морфологічний.
Також проаналізували розповсюдження різних видів роду Перестріч на території України. Так, беручи до уваги наші дослідження, могли зробити висновки, що вивчення їхньої (рослин роду Перестріч) сировинної бази на Заході України є перспективним. Рід Перестріч налічує близько 50 видів, що поширені в Східному та в Західному Середземномор’ї, а також у помірних широтах Європи, в Північній Африці й Азії. В Україні поширено 10 видів Перестрічу: Melampyrum cristatum L., Melampyrum arvense L., Melampyrum argyrocomum Fisch., Melampyrum nemorosum L., Melampyrum vulgatum Pers., Melampyrum pratense L., Melampyrum Herbichii Woloszcz., Melampyrum saxosum Baumg., Melampyrum silvaticum L., Melampyrum laciniatum Koshewn. et Zing,. Melampyrum saxosum Baumg., Melampyrum silvaticum L. і Melampyrum Herbichii Woloszcz (можна натрапити на них у субальпійській смузі Карпат і рідко у високогір’ї), Melampyrum laciniatum Koshewn. et Zing. – у Карпатах і на Поліссі.
Найбільш поширені Melampyrum cristatum L., Melampyrum nemorosum L., Melampyrum pratense L. і Melampyrum vulgatum Pers. Ці види розповсюджені на Прикарпатті, в Карпатах, Розточчі, на Закарпатті, Поліссі, в лісостепу, степу. На Лівобережній Україні, Півдні та в Криму вони трапляються рідко.
Отже, аналіз літературних джерел свідчить: рослини роду Перестріч є перспективною сировиною, а також те, що вони широко розповсюджені на території України.
PEMANFAATAN FILM BUYA HAMKA SEBAGAI MEDIA BELAJAR SEJARAH
Authors: Astuti Diyah Dwi 
Published: March 2024

Artikel ini membahas tentang pemanfaatan film sebagai media pembelajaran sejarah. Film yang dibahas dalam artikel ini adalah film Buya Hamka yakni karya dari rumah produksi Falcon yang disutradarai oleh Fajar Bustomi. Buya sendiri adalah seorang pahlawan nasional, ulama, dan pujangga yang memiliki karya-karya indah. Karyanya merupakan karya lintas zaman yang tetap eksis hingga saat ini.Â Rumusan masalah penelitian ini yaitu 1) Profil Buya Hamka sebagai pahlawan nasional. 2) Peran Buya Hamka sebagai tokoh pergerakan di masa kolonial. 3) Peran film dalam media pembelajaran 4) Bagaimana kaitannya Film Buya Hamka dengan pendidikan sejarah saat ini. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penulisan artikel ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Bersumber dari catatan, buku, artikel, dan film Buya Hamka itu sendiri. Tujuan penulisan artikel ini untuk mengetahui bahwa dalam belajar sejarah tidak hanya terbatas pada pembelajaran dikelas saja. Namun, siswa juga dapat belajar sejarah diluar aktivitas kelas melalui menonton film sejarah. Hasil penelitian ini adalah penggunaan media ini dinilai lebih menarik dan mudah dipahami oleh siswa. Film dapat dijadikan refresing atau angin segar ketika sedang jenuh dalam belajar. Diharapkan dengan adanya film Buya Hamka ini dapat memberi warna baru dalam dunia pendidikan sejarah di Indonesia.
KEDUDUKAN MAJELIS PERMUSYAWARATAN RAKYAT (MPR) SEBAGAI LEMBAGA KONSTITUTIF DI INDONESIA
Authors: Nursari Della , Marifatur Ezra , Nafisah Aqilah , Pratiwi Eka , Rahmawati Nurlaili , Davega Prasna Adeb 
Published: March 2024

Di Indonesia selain ada kekuasaan legistatif, eksekutif, dan yudikatif, dikenal juga tiga macam kekuasaan negara lainnya yaitu, kekuasaan konstitutif, kekuasaan eksaminatif/inspektif, dan kekuasaan moneter. Kekuasaan-kekuasaan tersebut termasuk ke dalam pembagian kekuasaan secara horizontal. Lembaga konstitutif adalah lembaga yang memiliki kewenangan untuk mengganti, menambah, mengurangi, membuat, dan menghapus sebagian maupun seluruh isi atau materi yang ada di dalam konstitutif suatu negara. Hanya terdapat tiga negara yang memiliki lembaga konstitutif yaitu negara Indonesia, negara Iran, dan negara Prancis. Sedangkan lembaga konstitutif negara lain bersifat sementara.Kekuasaan Konstitutif adalah merupakan kekuasaan untuk mengubah dan menetapkan Undang-Undang Dasar. Kekuasaan ini dijadikan oleh Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat. sebagaimana ditegaskan dalam Pasal 3 ayat UUD 1945 yang menyatakan bahwa Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat berwenang mengubah dan menetapkan Undang-Undang Dasar.
Analisis Kewenangan Antara Mahkamah Agung Dengan Komisi Yudisial Dalam Pengawasan Hakim Berdasarkan Peraturan Perundang-Undangan
Authors: Salsabila Ratu Tasya , Irwandi Irwandi , Eriton Muhammad 
Published: March 2024

This study aims to 1). determineand analyzing the relationship and authority arrangements between the supreme court and the judicial commission under the supervision of judges based on legislation, 2). the rule of law regarding the supervision of judges by the Supreme Court and the Judicial Commission in the future. Researchers use normative legal research methods, namely research that examines and analyzes document studies using various secondary data such as laws and regulations, court decisions, legal theories, and documents. The researcher also uses the legislation approach and the case approach. The results of this study are 1). It was found that many recommendations for sanctioning judges by the Judicial Commission were rejected by the Supreme Court because they were related to judicial technicalities. Judicial technicality is often the object of debate between the two institutions, this happens because there is no clear distinction regarding the realm of supervision related to judicial technicality and the realm of judge behavior. 2). In the future, it is necessary to make strict legal rules regarding the boundaries of the judicial technical realm and the behavior of judges so that problems regarding different interpretations of judicial technicalities will not occur again.
Keywords: Supreme Court, Judicial Commission, and Judges.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk 1). mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaturan Hubungan dan kewenangan antara mahkamah agung dengan komisi yudisial dalam pengawasan hakim berdasarkan perundang-undangan, 2). aturan hukum mengenai pengawasan hakim oleh Mahkamah Agung dan Komisi Yudisial di masa yang akan datang. Peneliti menggunakan Metode penelitian hukum normatif yakni penelitian yang mengkaji dan menganalisis studi dokumen yakni menggunakan berbagai data sekunder seperti peraturan perundang-undangan, keputusan pengadilan, teori hukum, dan dokumen. Peneliti juga menggunakan pendekatan Perundang-Undangan dan pendekatan kasus. Adapun hasil penelitian ini adalah 1). Ditemukan bahwa banyak rekomendasi sanksi Hakim oleh Komisi Yudisial yang ditolak oleh Mahkamah Agung karena berkaitan dengan teknis yudisial. Teknis yudisial seringkali menjadi objek perdebatan antara kedua lembaga tersebut, hal ini terjadi dikarenakan belum adanya pembedaan yang tegas mengenai ranah pengawasan yang terkait dengan teknis yudisial dan ranah perilaku hakim. 2). Dimasa yang akan datang perlu adanya pembuatan aturan hukum yang tegas mengenai batas-batasan ranahan teknis yudisial dan perilaku hakim sehingga permasalahan mengenai perbedaan penafsiran tentang teknis yudisial tidak akan terjadi lagi.
Kata kunci: Mahkamah Agung, Komisi Yudisial, dan Hakim.
Design of Instrumentation and Control Components of Power Distribution Systems
Authors: Klimenko Y. A. , Lvovich Y. E. , Preobrazhensky A. P. 
Published: March 2024

Introduction. In recent years, the development of high-voltage power systems has received a boost due to the need for infrastructural support for priority development areas. Universal models and algorithms are required to implement processes in power components and identify their optimal parameters. However, there are no such solutions. Accordingly, there are no ready-made subsystems with control and optimization algorithms adequate to the tasks under consideration. The objective of the presented research is to develop an optimization subsystem for the design of control and measurement components of power distribution systems.Materials and Methods. Methods for constructing automated design systems, optimization, system analysis, mathematical modeling, and adaptive control were used. When selecting methods, we proceeded from the fact that the components of power distribution systems consisted of a finite number of elements. The synthesis of a power system includes tens or hundreds of sequential operations. This was taken into account in the developed models and algorithms.Results. The possibilities of managing and monitoring manufacturing processes (MP) for the production of components of low-voltage power distribution systems were shown in terms of checking the operability and correct functioning of processing equipment. A modular structure was created to allow the integration of CAD output files into the manufacturing processes of energy distribution system components. A functional diagram of a subsystem for control and monitoring of the manufacturing processes of the production of components of power distribution systems was developed. The proposed schematic diagram of production control showed how the data collection subsystem, management system, and operating mechanisms were involved in the control of operations. The multi-level optimization module model created within the framework of this research sequentially optimized the service intensity of the i-th block, the input flow separation coefficients, and the priorities of the original data flows that form the input flow of the i-th block.Discussion and Conclusion. The combined application of modeling, system analysis, and optimization methods maintains control of the accuracy of the generated power components. The algorithm for controlling electrical loads opens up opportunities for creating a mathematical model of a power supply system that combines management, control, and monitoring, which ultimately leads to an improvement in the quality of electric power. The solution can be in demand in the development of power systems of priority development areas.
Application of two models of non-ideality of sources to increase the accuracy of luminous intensity measurements
Authors: Balaban Vasyl , Kupko Oleksandr 
Published: March 2024

On the example of experimental studies of the luminous intensity of several light sources, it is shown that there are significant deviations of the luminous intensity dependence from the inverse-square law. Two models for estimating the luminous intensity for non-point light sources are proposed, theoretically studied and experimentally verified: the model of distance refinement and the model of additional sources.
In the first model, a constant correction is added to the distance measurement result. It can be determined provided that there is a maximum possible constancy of the estimate of the luminous intensity as the product of the measured illuminance and the square of the measured distance for different distances between the receiver and the source. In this case, the correction is constant, and the estimate of the luminous intensity depends on the distance between the source and the receiver. Alternatively, the luminous intensity and the correction to the measured distance can be determined by minimising the deviations of experimentally measured illuminances at different distances from the calculated ones. In this case, a constant luminous intensity and a constant distance correction are determined.
The second model is based on the assumption that deviations from the inverse-square law arise because of additional sources, such as reflections from screens, radiation traps, lamp glass, and others. In this model, the distances between the lamp filament and all additional elements are assumed to be known, and the luminous intensity estimates of additional sources are calculated provided that the deviation between the calculated and measured illuminances at different distances is minimised.
The considered models have been experimentally verified. The advantages and disadvantages of the models have been analysed, and recommendations for assessing the quality of the procedure for luminous intensity measurements have been given. Based on these models, it is proposed to develop a procedure that would allow assessing the quality of the installation for luminous intensity measurements.
The right to delayed parenthood/maternity – separate issues of legal regulation
Authors: Dutko A. O. 
Published: March 2024

The article analyzes the peculiarities of legal relations arising in connection with the cryopreservation of human biological material – embryos and reproductive cells, namely: determining the origin of a child born in this way. It is noted that the birth of children is a component of the demographic policy of the state, and the use of assisted reproductive technologies can change the demographic situation in society for the better. Cryopreservation is relevant not only in cases when a couple who wants to have children have difficulties with conception, but also when such problems do not yet exist, but they may arise with a high probability – this applies to such categories of citizens who are undergoing treatment for oncological diseases with a risk of loss reproductive health, as well as citizens who constantly risk their lives and health due to their activities: military personnel, policemen or workers at factories with harmful working conditions.
The author notes that medical biotechnologies are becoming more and more diverse and effective, scientific achievements are penetrating deeper and deeper into the natural processes of human reproduction, therefore there is a need to resolve legal issues related to cryopreservation. And the realization of the right to cryopreservation requires legal regulation of so-called delayed parenthood.
From the point of view of family law, these relations are of interest in terms of the emergence of new family law relations. The author considers several models for determining the origin of a child born with the use of assisted reproductive technologies using cryopreserved reproductive cells or embryos. Separate issues of postmortem reproduction are considered.
The author concludes that there is a need for legislative regulation of gaps in the field of cryopreservation of reproductive cells and embryos, which will allow to ensure proper consolidation of the guarantee of the right to paternity/maternity and an effective mechanism for their implementation in cases of restriction of vital activity or death of a person.
The concept of «complex-structural ownership» and the timeshare institute
Authors: Fathutdinova I. V. 
Published: March 2024

The scientific article examines the concept of «complex-structural ownership», which is the basis of timeshare in foreign countries in order to choose the optimal legal basis for this institute in Ukraine. It was established that the concept of «complex structural property» gradually developed in parallel with the development of timeshare itself. In the early stages of development, the consumer bought an ownership interest in the property, which allowed him to use it for a fixed week during a certain season at the resort. Gradually, even more flexible products appeared on the timeshare market, even based on a point system. It was found that the state of development of this issue does not meet the needs of the recodification of the Central Committee of Ukraine and the improvement of the legal basis of timeshare in the conditions of the development of tourism.
Examples of the legislation of foreign countries are given, which, regulating the institution of timeshare, the conclusion of relevant contracts, also consolidate the approach to understanding the concept of «complex structural property», in particular the provisions of the Law on the Distribution of California Lands, the Law of the State of Florida «On the Vacation Plan and Timeshare», the Statute of the State of Nevada etc.
It was found that the concept of «complex structural property» in the legislation of various US states is connected with the concept of «undivided interests». This is quite an interesting approach, which is fully relevant to the legal nature of timeshare, which essentially also assumes the presence of «undivided interests» among several consumers, and in the context of the expansion of timeshare forms, the appearance of a point system, exchanges, cruise offers, the specified approach manifests itself even more pronounced. It was found that in the Romano-Germanic states, the legal nature of timeshare is considered through the prism of obligations and property rights.
It is substantiated that the concept of «complex-structural property» is based on the non-exhaustive list of rights of the owner, which is widespread in the Anglo-American private law doctrine. In the national doctrine of private law, more and more scientific studies are appearing, which justify that the rights of the owner are not limited to the classic triad of powers.
It has been proven that since complex-structural ownership is possible precisely in the case of property ownership by several co-owners, it is characterized by the features of joint ownership. It is proposed to distinguish between «simple joint ownership» and «complex structural joint ownership».
Analysis of the classification of signs of the right to work by civil servants in the conditions of the European integration of Ukraine
Authors: Pikul V. P. 
Published: March 2024

This article is devoted to analyzing the classification of signs of the right to work of civil servants. In modern society, the right to work for public servants is a key element in ensuring effective public service. The classification of the signs of this right is important for determining the duties and responsibilities of civil servants. In particular, this may include aspects such as professional qualifications, level of education, work experience, knowledge of legislation, and ethical standards. The specificity of the right to work for a civil servant is the existence of a valid contract that defines the terms of employment and the obligations of the parties. An important aspect is the ability to interact and cooperate with colleagues and senior managers, which contributes to building an effective work team.
It is expedient to summarize that the classification of signs of the right to work of civil servants is a relevant topic of research, which allows a better understanding of the main aspects and requirements for the activity of this category of employees. The study of this issue can be useful for improving the system of management of civil servants and increasing the efficiency of public administration as a whole.
The author analyzed the approaches of other scientists regarding the analysis of this or that aspect of the right to work of civil servants in the conditions of the European integration of Ukraine, as well as certain features or features of this legal phenomenon. Criticism of certain positions of scientists is provided, and the author’s own position is substantiated. The norms of current legislation (both constitutional and special) relating to the issue of the right to work of civil servants are given. The need to update and improve the current legislation in the specified area was emphasized.
The author of the article concludes that his proposed system of classification of the signs of the right to work of civil servants allows for a more thorough investigation of this problem. The scientist has examined in detail the essence and meaning of each of the mentioned general and special features of the right to work of civil servants.
Basics of worker safety under the draft Labour Code of Ukraine
Authors: Pozharova O. V. , Pozharov Y. V. 
Published: March 2024

The article analyses the draft Labour Code of Ukraine with regard to legal regulation of safety and health of employees.
The author examines in detail Book Three «Safety and Health of Employees» of the draft Labour Code of Ukraine. It is established that this book contains the provisions of the draft Law of Ukraine «On Safety and Health of Workers at Work», which form a new system of management in this area.
The article analyses the state of implementation of the Council Directive 89/391/EEC, Council Directive 89/654/EEC of 30 November 1989 on minimum safety and health requirements in work areas; Council Directive 92/85/EEC of 19 October 1992 on measures to improve the safety and health at work of pregnant, recently given birth or lactating workers; Council Directive 94/33/EC of 22 June 1994 on the protection of young people at work in national legal practice.
The author analyses the current regulatory legal acts in the field of labour protection and draws attention to the need to update the national labour legislation. The main areas of reform in the field of safety are highlighted, namely: general requirements for occupational safety and health protection at workplaces, machine safety, electrical equipment safety, personal protective equipment, use of explosives, mining operations and noise protection.
The author establishes that the draft Labour Code of Ukraine provides for a change of legal emphasis from «labour safety» or «labour protection» to the European principle of «employee safety». The consequence of implementing this principle in practice will be the achievement of complete elimination or minimisation of risks to the life and health of each employee.
The author examines the rules governing the safety and health of certain categories of employees, namely, female employees (pregnant employees, employees who have recently given birth and breastfeeding employees), employees under the age of 18, employees with disabilities. Concludes that the draft Labour Code of Ukraine does not pay due attention to the specifics of work of employees who have children under the age of three, or have a child with a disability, or are raising a child on their own, which requires further elaboration.
Proposals are made regarding the need to enshrine in the draft Labour Code of Ukraine the minimum amount of funding for expenses incurred at the expense of the employer for the safety and health of employees at work.