bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Demographic trends and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Shigella species - A 14-year study
Authors: Sankar K. Lekshmi , Babu Aishwarya , Vimalraj A. N. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Introduction:
Shigellosis is the major factor responsible for dysentery among children who are <5 years of age. Shigella dysenteriae are responsible for outbreaks and epidemics. Shigella flexneri and Shigella sonnei are the predominant species known to cause endemic infections in developing and developed countries. One of the main concerns about the increase in Shigella infections is their ability to easily acquire antibiotic resistance.

Objective:
The objective of the present study was to determine the demography and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Shigella species over 14 years in a tertiary care center in Central Kerala.

Materials and Methods:
This was a cross-sectional retrospective study which was conducted in the department of microbiology from January 2009 to November 2022. 4418 stool samples from patients with dysentery were collected and sent for culture. Sixty-six isolates of Shigella species were obtained and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern was determined using standard microbiological methods. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Software version 28 (IBM SPSS Statistics version:28.0.0.0 New York, USA) after entering in Microsoft Excel.

Results:
Sixty-eight percent of the affected population were children below 15 years. The period prevalence of Shigella species in the present study was 1.5%. Among the Shigella species, 66% of the isolates were S. sonnei, 32% were S. flexneri. Forty of the 66 isolates were multidrug resistant.

Conclusion:

S. sonnei has been found to be the predominant cause of shigellosis in the present study though in tropical countries S. flexneri is known to be the most common causative agent. Many isolates were multidrug resistant which highlights the importance of stopping the over-the-counter sale of antibiotics and prescribing antibiotics judiciously.
Local Euler characteristics of $A_n$-singularities and their application to hyperbolicity
Authors: Bruin Nils , Ilten Nathan , Xu Zhe 
Published: February 2025

Wahl's local Euler characteristic measures the local contributions of a singularity to the usual Euler characteristic of a sheaf. Using tools from toric geometry, we study the local Euler characteristic of sheaves of symmetric differentials for isolated surface singularities of type $A_n$. We prove an explicit formula for the local Euler characteristic of the $m$th symmetric power of the cotangent bundle; this is a quasi-polynomial in $m$ of period $n+1$. We also express the components of the local Euler characteristic as a count of lattice points in a non-convex polyhedron, again showing it is a quasi-polynomial. We apply our computations to obtain new examples of algebraic quasi-hyperbolic surfaces in $\mathbb{P}^3$ of low degree. We show that an explicit family of surfaces with many singularities constructed by Labs has no genus $0$ curves for the members of degree at least $8$ and no curves of genus $0$ or $1$ for degree at least $10$.Comment: 28 pages, 7 figures
Pengembangan Public Speaking: Kegiatan Pelatihan untuk Memperkuat Efektivitas Pidato dan Peran Sosial
Authors: Ayu Rahayu  , Nasir Agus , Rosti  , Tendrita Miswandi , Hidayati Ully 
Published: February 2025

Public speaking adalah keterampilan krusial yang memungkinkan seseorang menyampaikan ide dengan jelas, membangun kepercayaan diri, dan mempengaruhi opini publik. Di dunia yang semakin terhubung, keterampilan ini menjadi semakin relevan, membuka peluang dalam karir dan kehidupan sehari-hari. Keterampilan ini mencakup penyusunan pidato yang logis, penggunaan intonasi dan bahasa tubuh yang tepat, serta pengelolaan waktu dan emosi saat berbicara. Namun, banyak orang, termasuk kelompok Salimah di Kabupaten Kolaka, menghadapi ketakutan dalam berbicara di depan umum. Kelompok Salimah, yang berpotensi besar sebagai pemimpin kegiatan keagamaan dan sosial, membutuhkan keterampilan ini untuk menyampaikan pesan-pesan positif secara lebih efektif. Peningkatan keterampilan ini akan memperkuat kapasitas organisasi dan memperbesar kontribusi mereka dalam pembangunan sosial dan spiritual. Untuk itu, pelatihan terstruktur dirancang, mencakup pengembangan pidato dan teknik penyampaian yang efektif. Kegiatan ini diikuti oleh 20 peserta dan terdiri dari tiga tahapan: perencanaan, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi. Data dikumpulkan melalui lembar observasi untuk menilai praktik pidato dan dianalisis secara kuantitatif. Hasil menunjukkan pengaruh yang signifikan dengan 30% peserta berada pada kategori sangat baik, 50% baik, 15% cukup, dan 5% kurang. Kegiatan ini berhasil memberdayakan peserta untuk berperan lebih menonjol di komunitas dan memperkuat kontribusi sosial serta spiritual mereka
Pelatihan Penggunaan Teknologi Tepat Guna Mesin Penggiling Tepung Minimalis di Kabupaten Gowa
Authors: Achmad Romadin  , Idkhan A. Muhammad , Irfan A. Muhammad , Putra Iswahyudi Indra , Nurmalasari Riana 
Published: February 2025

Bentuk pengimbasan keilmuan pada pendidikan tinggi kepada masayarakan adalah Program Kemitraan Masyarakat (PKM). Melalui Pelatihan Penggunaan Mesin Penggiling Tepung Sederhana di Kabupaten Gowa pada masyarakat meliputi kegiatan: (1) Memperkenalkan alat/mesin penggiling tepung sederhana (rumahan), (2) Memberikan pengetahuan tentang alat/mesin penggiling tepung sederhana (rumahan), (3) Memberikan tambahan pengetahuan mengoperasionalkan tentang alat/mesin penggiling tepung sederhana (rumahan), dan (4) Memberikan tambahan keterampilan mengoperasionalkan alat/mesin penggiling tepung sederhana (rumahan). Hasil program kemitraan masyarakat (PKM) Mesin Penggiling Tepung Sederhana di Kabupaten Gowa (mitra) yakni: (1) Mitra dapat mengenal alat/mesin penggiling tepung sederhana (rumahan), (2) Mitra mendapatkan pengetahuan tentang alat/mesin penggiling tepung sederhana (rumahan), (3) Mitra mendapatkan tambahan pengetahuan mengoperasionalkan alat/mesin penggiling tepung sederhana (rumahan), dan (4) Mitra mendapatkan tambahan keterampilan mengoperasionalkan alat/mesin penggiling tepung sederhana (rumahan).
Upaya Meningkatkan Kemampuan Membaca Permulaan Pada Siswa Kelas I Melalui Media Kartu Kata Bergambar Di SDK Wolowio
Authors: Viorentina Meo Soro  , Ermelinda Yosefa Awe  
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan membaca awal siswa di SDK Wolowio melalui penggunaan kartu bergambar. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas dengan model Kemmis dan Mc. Tagar yang terdiri dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan , observasi, dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa SDK Wolowio yang berjumlah 10 orang. Penelitian dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus, dengan metode pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan tes. Hasil menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan pada kemampuan membaca siswa. Pada siklus I, nilai rata-rata siswa adalah 54,5% dengan ketuntasan 30%, sedangkan pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 76,5% dengan ketuntasan 80%. Peningkatan rata-rata sebesar 42% menunjukkan efektivitas penggunaan kartu bergambar dalam membantu siswa membaca
Impact of School Sports and Physical Education Learning Interest on Students' SDG 3 Sustainable Health Behaviors
Authors: Zhang Xupeng , Saidon Mohd Kasri B. , Kamaruddin 'Aisyah Binti 
Published: February 2025

Objective: This study aims to integrate Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Systems Theory (EST) and Self-Determination Theory (SDT) to identify key factors influencing sustainable health behaviors among students in China.

Theoretical Framework: Based on EST and SDT, the study examines how environmental resources, social support, and psychological motivation jointly affect students’ health behaviors. EST focuses on external environments, while SDT highlights intrinsic motivational needs.

Method: Data were collected from national databases, social media platforms, and school reports covering over 2,500 schools. PLS-SEM and big data analysis techniques were employed to evaluate the theoretical framework.

Results and Discussion: The results show that sports facilities and teacher support significantly enhance students’ interest in PE, which strongly predicts sustainable health behaviors. Regional resource disparities lead to unequal participation, while intrinsic motivation mediates the effect of environmental constraints.

Research Implications: This study extends the application of EST and SDT to health behavior research, providing theoretical and practical insights for policy and educational practice.

Originality/Value: This is the first study to integrate EST and SDT in the context of sustainable health behaviors, offering targeted recommendations for improving resource allocation and social support.
Digital Transformation of Audience Intelligence: a Comparative Study of the Programs
Authors: Kashkin Vasily , Elafi Reda , Issafi Hamid 
Published: February 2025

Objective: to make a comparative analysis of the functions of the most popular social media analytics software developed to identify and analyze the target audience as a part of SDG 9: Industry, innovation and infrastructure.

Theoretical framework: there are a large number of software products, each of which has a different set of functions - from complex products to highly specialized ones. A wide or, conversely, a narrow range of functions makes it difficult to choose a specific software solution for a specific task.

Method: the author used a comparative analysis of the functions of specialized software.

Results and Discussion: the most popular functions (in every second program) are preference and interest analysis, demographic characteristics analysis, audience analysis and segmentation, conversation and topic analysis, and behavioral analysis - for a primary analysis of the target audience.

Research Implications: the main functions that it should include are the analysis of preferences and interests, analysis of conversations and topics, and behavioral analysis. For an in-depth study of the target audience, it is necessary to select a highly specialized program that has the functions of analyzing psychographic and personal characteristics, analyzing the user's portrait in conjunction with his location, and analyzing video (and audio).

Originality/Value: The value of the article is that with the huge selection of existing software, it shows in detail the main functions and corresponding programs for primary and in-depth analysis of the target audience.
ЛИЦЕНЗИОННЫЙ ДОГОВОР В ЦИФРОВУЮ ЭПОХУ: АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ ПРАВОПРИМЕНЕНИЯ
Authors: Ушанков И.В. , Шрамко А.В. 
Published: February 2025

В статье рассматривается значимость лицензионного договора как инструмента отчуждения результатов интеллектуальной деятельности в рамках российского гражданского оборота. Исследуется правовая природа лицензионного договора, проводится сравнительный анализ лицензионного договора и смежных договорных конструкций. На основе правовых позиций, сложившихся в судебной практике, сопоставляются исключительная и неисключительная лицензия.
The article examines the significance of the licensing agreement as an instrument for the alienation of the results of intellectual activity within the framework of Russian civil circulation. The legal nature of the license agreement is investigated, a comparative analysis of the license agreement and related contractual structures is carried out. Based on the legal positions developed in judicial practice, exclusive and non-exclusive licenses are compared.
К ВОПРОСУ О ДЕЛИКТНОЙ ОТВЕТСТВЕННОСТИ ЗА ВРЕД, ПРИЧИНЕННЫЙ ЖИЗНИ ИЛИ ЗДОРОВЬЮ ГРАЖДАНИНА ПРИ ОСУЩЕСТВЛЕНИИ МЕДИЦИНСКОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ
Authors: Шульженко И.С. , Агибалова Е.Н. 
Published: February 2025

Статья касается вопроса деликтной ответственности за причиненный жизни или здоровью гражданина вред в процессе осуществления медицинской деятельности. Акцент делается на проблеме квалификации медицинской деятельности в качестве источника повышенной опасности. Исследуется возможность отнесения вакцинации к источнику повышенной опасности. Затрагивается проблема страхования профессиональной ответственности медицинских работников как важный аспект охраны прав и пациентов, и медицинских работников, и медицинских организаций. Делается вывод, что отдельные используемые в медицинской деятельности методы и способы лечения имеют признаки источника повышенной опасности. Вместе с тем возможные случаи побочных реакций или осложнений в связи с вакцинацией сами по себе еще не делают ее источником повышенной опасности. Введение системы обязательного страхования профессиональной ответственности медицинских работников – необходимый шаг для повышения качества медицинской помощи и защиты прав всех участников медицинского процесса. Такая система обеспечит гарантированную компенсацию вреда пациентам и будет способствовать финансовой безопасности медицинских работников и медицинских организаций, а также снижению числа судебных разбирательств по искам о возмещении вреда, причиненного жизни или здоровью граждан в медицинской сфере деятельности.
The article deals with the issue of tort liability for harm caused to the life or health of a citizen in the course of carrying out medical activities. The emphasis is on the problem of qualification of medical activity as a source of increased danger. The possibility of attributing vaccination to a source of increased danger is being investigated. The problem of professional liability insurance for medical workers is touched upon as an important aspect of protecting the rights of patients, medical workers, and medical organizations. The authors conclude that certain methods and methods of treatment used in medical activities have signs of a source of increased danger. However, possible cases of adverse reactions or complications in connection with vaccination do not in themselves make it a source of increased danger. The introduction of a mandatory professional liability insurance system for medical workers is a necessary step to improve the quality of medical care.
МЕТОДОЛОГИЯ СУДЕБНОЙ ЛИНГВИСТИЧЕСКОЙ ЭКСПЕРТИЗЫ (СТАРЫЙ ВЗГЛЯД НА НОВУЮ ПРОБЛЕМУ)
Authors: Базылев В.Н. 
Published: February 2025

Методологией именуют систему определенных принципов, приемов и операций, применяемых в той или иной сфере деятельности, а также учение об этой системе. Определяя и выбирая методы, понимаемые в широком смысле как модель исследования в судебной лингвистической экспертизе, необходимо выяснить, что является ее методологическим основанием. Методология судебной лингвистической экспертизы должна отдавать приоритет материализму, теории отражения и диалектической логике, как и вся отечественная криминалистика в целом. На этой основе в статье дается продуктивно-критический анализ существующих методических подходов и концепций развития отечественной судебной лингвистической экспертизы, возникновения в ее рамках новых видов исследования, включая вопросы формирования научного знания данной отрасли криминалистики.
Methodology refers to a system of certain principles, techniques and operations used in a particular field of activity, as well as the doctrine of this system. Defining and choosing methods, understood in a broad sense as a research model in forensic linguistic expertise, it is necessary to find out what is its methodological basis. The methodology of forensic linguistic expertise should give priority to materialism, reflection theory and dialectical logic, as well as all domestic criminology in general. On this basis, the article presents the possibility of a productive and critical analysis of existing methodological approaches and concepts for the development of domestic forensic linguistic expertise, the emergence of new types of research within its framework, including the formation of scientific knowledge of this branch of criminology.
ГОСУДАРСТВЕННО-ПРАВОВАЯ РЕТРОСПЕКТИВА ДРЕВНЕГО РИМА. ИЗМЕНЕНИЕ ПРАВОВОГО СТАТУСА ВОЛЬНООТПУЩЕННИКОВ КАК ОДНОГО ИЗ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИХ ФАКТОРОВ РАЗВИТИЯ
Authors: Павлов О.В. 
Published: February 2025

В статье проводится анализ переходного периода от республики к империи в Древнем Риме, сфокусированный на принципе Каракалла об уравнении всех жителей Рима и присвоении им статуса граждан. Автор смотрит на проблему с нестандартного ракурса и рассматривает вольноотпущенников как фактор и драйвер экономического роста Древнего Рима. Основной упор делается на значении данного законодательного действия в контексте унификации налогового законодательства и понимании гражданства как привилегии и элемента расширения влияния государства. Текст также затрагивает важные темы, такие как рост населения, миграция, система судопроизводства, развитие институтов государства и права, а также идеи Цицерона о предпринимательской свободе и рациональности как основах развития общества.
The text analyzes the transition period from the republic to the empire in Ancient Rome, focusing on the principle of Caracal about equalizing all residents of Rome and assigning them the status of citizens. The author looks at the problem from a non-standard perspective and considers freedmen as a factor and driver of the economic growth of Ancient Rome. The main focus is on the significance of this legislative action in the context of the unification of tax legislation and the understanding of citizenship as a privilege and an element of expanding the influence of the state. The text also touches on important topics such as population growth, migration, the judicial system, the development of institutions of state and law, as well as Cicero’s ideas about entrepreneurial freedom and rationality as the basis for the development of society.
АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ ПРАВОВОГО РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЯ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО УПРАВЛЕНИЯ В СФЕРЕ МИГРАЦИИ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ
Authors: Павлов С.Ю. , Улемаева А.Р. 
Published: February 2025

В статье рассмотрены актуальные вопросы, связанные с правовой регламентацией государственного управления миграционными процессами в России. Одним из актуальных на сегодняшний день вопросов является цифровизация государственного управления в сфере миграции. Внедрение и развитие цифровых технологий – неотъемлемая часть мероприятий по реализации в 2024-2025 годах Концепции миграционной политики России, в том числе в целях совершенствования правовых механизмов государственного управления в сфере миграции.
the article deals with topical issues related to the legal regulation of state management of migration processes in Russia. One of the most pressing issues today is the digitalization of public administration in the field of migration. The introduction and development of digital technologies are an integral part of the implementation measures in 2024-2025. The concept of migration policy in Russia, including in order to improve the legal mechanisms of public administration in the field of migration.
Employability Skills in IT Sector: What Matters Most for Graduate Success?
Authors: Awadhiya Ashish Kumar 
Published: February 2025

Graduate Employability skills are very important for getting entry-level jobs and succeeding in the career. Employers need employees to possess 21st-century skills and personal traits that are transferrable and required in all job profiles. The IT sector of India is expanding exponentially and requires a high number of job-ready graduates. However, literature indicates a lack of awareness among graduates on importance of employability skills. Students are searching for the job with a different mindset from what employers are expecting. This descriptive research studied the perceptions of IT graduates on the importance of employability skills to get entry-level jobs using the online survey method. The research reveals that with an average mean value of 4.6, learners were aware of the importance of employability skills for attaining entry-level jobs. However, the learners were unclear about the terminologies used for employability skills. The results confirm the latest trends in employability skills among Indian graduates. The study suggests that there is a need to revisit these skills at regular intervals in consultation with the industry to get the contemporary trends. Industry, academia and Policymakers should work collaboratively towards creating a clear picture of relevant employability skills among the learners to bring the learners at par with the industry requirements.

Received: 1 August 2024| Revised: 11 November 2024 | Accepted: 13 January 2025

Conflicts of Interest
The author declares that he has no conflicts of interest to this work.

Data Availability Statement
Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.

Author Contribution Statement
Ashish Kumar Awadhiya: Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Visualization.
Peranan Kepemimpinan Kepala Desa Dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja Pemerintahan Desa Hilimbowo Idanoi Kecamatan Gunungsitoli Idanoi
Authors: Marniwati Laoli  , Fatolosa Hulu  , Meiman Hidayat Waruwu  , Jeliswan BIJ Gea  
Published: February 2025

The Leadership Role of the Village Head in Improving the Performance of the Hilimbowo Idanoi Village Government, Gunungsitoli District. Thesis. Supervisor Fatolosa Hulu, S.E., M.M
This study aims to analyze the Leadership of the Village Head, as the initial argument in this study, that the village apparatus and the village head are the lowest base of community services. The quality of services provided depends not only on the performance of the village officials as subordinates, but also on the leader. A person's leadership will determine the progress or decline and the life or death of the organization he leads. The village government, like the central and local governments, is required to provide maximum services for the community and be able to answer the increasing demands of the community, both in terms of quality and quantity. Given the importance of leadership as a determining factor in the success or failure of an organization and business, this study aims to see how the leadership efforts of the Village Head in improving the productivity of the Apparatus performance and how the relationship between the leadership of the Village Head in improving the productivity of the Village Government performance in Hilimbowo Idanoi Village, Gunungsitoli Idanoi District, Gunungsitoli City. The research method used is descriptive qualitative analysis. The informants in this study were the village head and all government officials of Hilimbowo Idanoi Village. Data collection was carried out using interview, observation and documentation techniques. In this study, researchers tried to describe each answer given by the informant during the interview. The results showed that the Hilimbowo Idanoi Village Head had carried out the role of building interpersonal relationships, the role of dealing with information and the role of making decisions in improving the performance of the Hilimbowo Idanoi Village government, Gunungsitoli Idanoi District. Education, work experience and discipline of village officials are factors that influence the performance itself. So it can be concluded that the Hilimbowo Idanoi Village Head has carried out his duties as a leader in improving the performance of the Hilimbowo Idanoi Village government. The roles performed are the role of building interpersonal relationships, the role of dealing with information and the role of making decisions.