bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plant Tattoo Sensor Array for Leaf Relative Water Content, Surface Temperature, and Bioelectric Potential Monitoring
Authors: Yin Shihao , Dong Liang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study presents a wearable plant tattoo sensor array designed for continuous monitoring of leaf temperature, relative water content, and biopotential. Current plant wearable sensor technologies often require relatively bulky substrates for sensor support and adhesives for leaf attachment, which potentially can hinder plant growth and affect long‐term measurements. The multifunctional tattoo sensor array overcomes these issues by adhering directly to the leaf surface without the need for additional supporting structures or glues. This array includes a biopotential electrode, a resistive temperature sensor, and an impedimetric water content sensor, all constructed using laminated gold‐on‐polymer thin‐film patterns. Due to their mechanical flexibility, stretchability, and conformability, the sensors can seamlessly attach to leaves via van der Waals force. Performances of these sensors are evaluated to explore plant responses under diverse growth environments. This sensor array is capable of both short‐term and long‐term monitoring, offering continuous data and detailed insights into plant physiological responses to various stress conditions.
Pd8(PDip)6: Cubic, Unsaturated, Zerovalent
Authors: Breitwieser Kevin , Bevilacqua Matteo , Mullassery Sneha , Dankert Fabian , Morgenstern Bernd , Grandthyll Samuel , Müller Frank , Biffis Andrea , Hering‐Junghans Christian , Munz Dominik 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAtomically precise nanoclusters hold promise for supramolecular assembly and (opto)electronic‐ as well as magnetic materials. Herein, this work reports that treating palladium(0) precursors with a triphosphirane affords strongly colored Pd8(PDip)6 that is fully characterized by mass spectrometry, heteronuclear and Cross‐Polarization Magic‐Angle Spinning (CP‐MAS) NMR‐, infrared (IR), UV–vis, and X‐ray photoelectron (XP) spectroscopies, single‐crystal X‐Ray diffraction (sc‐XRD), mass spectrometry, and cyclovoltammetry (CV). This coordinatively unsaturated 104‐electron Pd(0) cluster features a cubic Pd8‐core, µ4‐capping phosphinidene ligands, and is air‐stable. Quantum chemical calculations provide insight to the cluster's electronic structure and suggest 5s/4d orbital mixing as well as minor Pd─P covalency. Trapping experiments reveal that cluster growth proceeds via insertion of Pd(0) into the triphosphirane. The unsaturated cluster senses ethylene and binds isocyanides, which triggers the rearrangement to a tetrahedral structure with a reduced frontier orbital energy gap. These experiments demonstrate facile cluster manipulation and highlight non‐destructive cluster rearrangement as is required for supramolecular assembly.
Effect of cotton population density on lint yield and fiber quality
Authors: Kimura Emi , Adams Curtis , DeLaune Paul , Ramirez Jonathan , Thapa Santanu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCommercial cultivars with advanced technology have reduced pest pressures, while greater seed costs have increased total production cost. Limited information is available on the optimal final population density (PD) for the commercially available cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivars with advanced technologies in water‐scarce environments. Therefore, our objectives were to examine the effects of PD on cotton growth and development, lint yield, fiber quality, and net return. A 2‐year study was conducted to test four PDs (low, medium, high, and very high) in deficit‐irrigated and dryland conditions at Chillicothe, TX. Final PD at 12 days after planting were 54,078, 109,563, 124,037, and 151,377 plant ha−1 in irrigated and 67,346, 115,335, 116,397, and 145,432 plant ha−1 in dryland trials. Maturity was delayed in the low PD early in the season; however, the differences on maturity ceased toward the end of the season. No statistical differences were observed on lint yield and fiber quality among treatments in irrigated and dryland trials. Average lint yields were 1199 kg ha−1 in irrigated and 796 kg ha−1 in dryland trial. Net returns were similar among all PD in the irrigated trial, while low PD had significantly higher net‐return than very high PD in the dryland trial. The higher net return at the low PD was due to the lower seed cost associated with a low seeding rate. In the water‐scarce environment, final plant density of 54,078 plant ha−1 in deficit irrigation and 67,346 plant ha−1 in dryland produced optimal yield and net return as compared to higher PD examined.
Relationship between postoperative biliary complications and biliary anatomical aspects in performing right anterior‐ or central bisectionectomy: Single‐center retrospective observational study
Authors: Ueno Masaki , Hayami Shinya , Miyamoto Atsushi , Okada Ken‐ichi , Kitahata Yuji , Shimizu Atsushi , Motobayashi Hideki , Matsumoto Kyohei , Kawai Manabu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimCentral liver resections are considered to be high‐risk procedures due to postoperative biliary complications. However, anatomical aspect‐related causes are underreported. Focusing upon right anterior sectionectomy (H58) and central bisectionectomy (H458), we assessed risk factors for postoperative biliary complications.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent H58 or H458 in our hospital between April 2008 and June 2023 (n = 58). We conducted univariate and multivariate analysis of risk factors of postoperative biliary complications among perioperative factors and anatomical factors including the branching type of the right posterior hepatic duct (RPHD) and the length of the right hepatic duct (RHD).ResultsTwenty‐six patients (44.8%) had postoperative biliary complications. Potent risk factors in univariate analysis were the tumor proximity to the right anterior Glissonean branch and longer RHD (both P < 0.01). In multivariate analysis, longer RHD was the only independent risk factor and its hazard (95% confidence interval [CI] was 1.19 (1.05–1.35). Receiver operating characteristics curve (ROC) analysis and the area under the ROC showed that 10 mm was the optimal cutoff value with high discriminatory power (0.72). Considering intraoperative procedures of the right anterior segment Glissonean branch dissection, mass ligation at the second‐order branch had marginal risk, especially in patients with RHD >10 mm; its hazard (95% CI) was 5.83 (0.95–35.7).ConclusionAnatomical factors of RPHD and RHD influenced postoperative biliary complications in this cohort. The supraportal with RHD type was most common anatomy but considered to be hazardous if the RHD was >10 mm.
Meta‐Selective Copper‐Catalyzed C−H Arylation of Pyridines and Isoquinolines through Dearomatized Intermediates
Authors: Guo Shu‐Min , Xu Pengwei , Studer Armido 
Published: April 2024

AbstractC(sp2)−H functionalization offers an efficient strategy for the synthesis of various elaborated N‐containing heteroarenes. Along these lines, oxazino pyridines that can be readily prepared from pyridines, have been introduced as powerful substrates in radical‐ and ionic‐mediated meta‐C−H functionalization. However, the regioselective meta‐C−H arylation of pyridines remains a great challenge. Herein, a copper‐catalyzed meta‐selective C−H arylation of pyridines and isoquinolines through bench‐stable dearomatized intermediates is reported. Electrophilic aryl‐Cu(III) species, generated from readily accessible aryl I(III) reagents, enable the efficient meta‐arylation of a broad range of pyridines and isoquinolines. The method also allows the meta‐selective alkenylation of these heteroarenes using the corresponding alkenyl I(III)‐reagents. Late‐stage arylation of drug‐derived pyridines and larger‐scale experiments demonstrate the potential of this synthetic methodology.
Photo‐Induced Ruthenium‐Catalyzed C−H Arylation Polymerization at Ambient Temperature
Authors: Michiyuki Takuya , Maksso Isaac , Ackermann Lutz 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTransition metal‐catalyzed C−H arylation polymerization (CHAP) is an attractive tool for constructing π‐conjugated polymers in a sustainable manner. However, the existing methods primarily rely on palladium catalysis, which usually entails harsh reaction conditions and branching/cross‐linking. Here we report the first example of an ambient‐temperature ruthenium‐catalyzed C−H arylation polymerization induced by visible light irradiation. The present polymerization can produce various meta‐ and para‐linked polymers in excellent yields with high molecular weights. The remarkable feature of our mild reaction platform is represented by high chemoselectivity, leading to polymers that are otherwise inaccessible under conventional reaction conditions at high temperatures.
Radical Homopolymerization of Linear α‐Olefins Enabled by 1,4‐Cyano Group Migration
Authors: An Bang , Zhou Litao , Liu Shuai , Zheng Yaxin , Li Changhu , Cui Feichen , Yue Chaowei , Liu Hua , Sui Yang , Ji Chonglei , Yan Jiajun , Li Yifan 
Published: April 2024

Abstractα‐Olefins are valued and abundant building blocks from fossil resources. They are widely used to provide small‐molecule or polymeric products. Despite numerous advantages of radical polymerization, it has been well‐documented as textbook knowledge that α‐olefins and their functionalized derivatives cannot be radically homopolymerized because of the degradative chain transfer side reactions. Herein, we report our studies on the homopolymerization of thiocyanate functionalized α‐olefins enabled by 1,4‐cyano group migration under radical conditions. By this approach, a library of ABC sequence‐controlled polymers with high molecular weights can be prepared. We can also extend this strategy to the homopolymerization of α‐substituted styrenic and acylate monomers which are known to be challenging to achieve. Overall, the demonstrated functional group migration radical polymerization could provide new possibilities to synthesize polymers with unprecedented main chain sequences and structures. These polymers are promising candidates for novel polymeric materials.
Zinc‐Substituted Hemoglobin–Albumin Cluster as a Porphyrin‐Carrier for Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: Yamada Taiga , Katsumi Maho , Ishii Kota , Komatsu Teruyuki 
Published: April 2024

AbstractApohemoprotein is focused on the field of theranostics, serving as a porphyrin carrier. Hemoglobin (Hb) consists of α2β2 tetramer with iron(II)‐protoporphyrin IX (heme) bound to each globin. However, heme‐removed Hb (apoHb) causes dissociation at αβ interfaces and aggregation under physiological conditions. We synthesized a stable apoHb derivative comprising intramolecular‐crosslinked apoHb (apoXHb) and human serum albumin (HSA), apoXHb‐HSA3. ApoXHb‐HSA3 engendered no aggregates in the physiological solutions. Moreover, apoXHb‐HSA3 was reconstituted with zinc(II)‐protoporphyrin IX (ZnP), generating ZnXHb‐HSA3, a potent photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy (PDT). The photophysical properties of ZnXHb‐HSA3 were identical to those of zinc‐substituted XHb (ZnXHb). Cellular uptake behavior was evaluated using various cancer cell lines. ZnXHb‐HSA3 released ZnP around the cells, and the free ZnP penetrated cell membranes. In contrast, protein units were not observed within the cells. ZnXHb‐HSA3 showed no cytotoxicity under dark conditions and demonstrated superior PDT activity in comparison to naked ZnXHb. ZnXHb‐HSA3 acts as an innovative porphyrin carrier for enhanced PDT.
Novel enzyme‐resistant pancreatic polypeptide analogs evoke pancreatic beta‐cell rest, enhance islet cell turnover, and inhibit food intake in mice
Authors: Zhu Wuyun , Tanday Neil , Lafferty Ryan A. , Flatt Peter R. , Irwin Nigel 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPancreatic polypeptide (PP) is a postprandial hormone secreted from pancreatic islets that activates neuropeptide Y4 receptors (NPY4Rs). PP is known to induce satiety but effects at the level of the endocrine pancreas are less well characterized. In addition, rapid metabolism of PP by dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 (DPP‐4) limits the investigation of the effects of the native peptide. Therefore, in the present study, five novel amino acid substituted and/or fatty acid derivatized PP analogs were synthesized, namely [P3]PP, [K13Pal]PP, [P3,K13Pal]PP, [N‐Pal]PP, and [N‐Pal,P3]PP, and their impact on pancreatic beta‐cell function, as well as appetite regulation and glucose homeostasis investigated. All PP analogs displayed increased resistance to DPP‐4 degradation. In addition, all peptides inhibited alanine‐induced insulin secretion from BRIN‐BD11 beta cells. Native PP and related analogs (10−8 and 10−6 M), and especially [P3]PP and [K13Pal]PP, significantly protected against cytokine‐induced beta‐cell apoptosis and promoted cellular proliferation, with effects dependent on the NPY4R for all peptides barring [N‐Pal,P3]PP. In mice, all peptides, except [N‐Pal]PP and [N‐Pal,P3]PP, evoked a dose‐dependent (25, 75, and 200 nmol/kg) suppression of appetite, with native PP and [P3]PP further augmenting glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) and cholecystokinin (CCK) induced reductions of food intake. The PP peptides had no obvious detrimental effect on glucose tolerance and they did not noticeably impair the glucose‐regulatory actions of GLP‐1 or CCK. In conclusion, Pro3 amino acid substitution of PP, either alone or together with mid‐chain acylation, creates PP analogs with benefits on beta‐cell rest, islet cell turnover, and energy regulation that may be applicable to the treatment of diabetes and obesity.
Metabolome–microbiome insights into therapeutic impact of 8‐O‐acetylharpagide against breast cancer in a murine model
Authors: Qian Jiahui , Zhao Xinyu , Yuan Siyuan , Su Sijia , Chen Chang , Gao Junfeng , Tang Xu , Men Siye , Wen Binyu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIridoid glycosides extract, which is the main active extract of Ajuga decumbens Thunb, has been proved to have anti‐breast cancer activity in previous studies. However, it is still unknown whether 8‐O‐acetylharpagide, a main active compound in the extract, has anti‐breast cancer activity. In this study, 4 T1 breast cancer mice model was first successfully established. Then the anti‐breast cancer effect of 8‐O‐acetylharpagide was systematically investigated. Feces were collected for metabolomics and 16S rRNA analysis to assess the potential mechanism. The results showed that 8‐O‐acetylharpagide was effective in reducing 4 T1 mouse tumor volume and weight compared with the model group. Metabolome analysis revealed 12 potential metabolite biomarkers in feces, mainly involved in primary bile acid biosynthesis and arachidonic acid metabolism. The 16S rRNA sequencing results demonstrated that 8‐O‐acetylharpagide modulated the abundance of the intestinal flora in 4 T1 mice. Spearman correlation analysis showed that calcitriol and prostaglandin G2 strongly correlated with Akkermansia, Firmicutes and Muribaculum. Overall, the active compound 8‐O‐acetylharpagide could inhibit significantly breast cancer growth in 4 T1 breast cancer model mice. The mechanism of the anti‐breast cancer effect of 8‐O‐acetylharpagide may be related to the regulation of primary bile acid biosynthesis and arachidonic acid metabolism and modulation of the abundance of Akkermansia and Firmicutes.
Sustainability competence in small and medium exporters: Determinant and outcomes
Authors: Chang Hsing‐Hua Stella 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe pursuit of sustainability has become critical for exporting small and medium enterprises (SMEs), driven by stakeholder pressure and international buyer requirements. This poses challenges to their survival and performance in international markets. Drawing on the capabilities perspective, the present research pioneers the study of this issue by proposing and empirically validating a theoretical framework for the determinant and outcomes of sustainability competence in exporting SMEs. Results from 673 SMEs demonstrate that sustainability orientation drives the configuration of sustainability competence, resulting in enhanced environmental and market performance. Market performance (market legitimacy and brand equity) significantly enhances financial performance, emphasizing the importance of customer satisfaction and investor support. Although no direct causal relationship exists between environmental performance and financial performance, a significant positive correlation is observed. This study thus provides avenues for further research on factors, mechanisms, and contingencies influencing the relationship between environmental performance and financial performance in exporting SMEs.
Two‐pronged reversal of chemotherapy resistance by gold nanorods induced mild photothermal effect
Authors: Shang Qi , Chen Ziyan , Li Jing , Guo Mingmei , Yang Jiapei , Jin Zhu , Shen Yuanyuan , Guo Shengrong , Wang Feihu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractChemotherapy treatment outcomes are severely restricted by multidrug resistance (MDR), in which tumors develop a multiple cross‐resistance toward drug involving the pump and nonpump resistance mechanisms, resulting in drug efflux and defending against drug toxicity. Herein, we constructed a pH and near infrared (NIR) light responsive nanomedicine DOX@FG based on gold nanorods (GNRs) that demonstrated the potential to improve chemotherapy outcomes by overcoming MDR. DOX@FG was constructed by conjugating folic acid (FA) and doxorubicin (DOX) derivatives onto GNRs, where the DOX derivatives possessed an acid‐labile hydrazone bond. Stimulated by the acidic media in endocytic organelles, DOX@FG exhibited a responsive dissociation for the controlled release of chemotherapeutic DOX. Surprisingly, we found the mild photothermal effect elicited by GNRs under NIR irradiation simultaneously inhibited the pump and nonpump resistance mechanisms, enhancing the intracellular DOX accumulation and sensitizing the cancer cells to DOX, collectively amplify the chemotherapy efficacy and delay the MCF‐7/ADR breast tumor growth. This intelligent DOX@FG nanomedicine with the potential for two‐pronged reversal of MDR may provide a prospective way to encourage chemotherapy efficacy.
Three‐dimensional reconstruction of King Henri IV's paranasal sinuses and mastoid cells
Authors: Baudouin Robin , Amelot Angélique , Huynh‐Charlier Isabelle , Lisan Quentin , Hans Stéphane , Charlier Philippe 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPurposeThe preserved head of King Henri IV of France (life 1553–1610, reign 1589–1610) has survived to the present day thanks to high‐quality embalming and favorable conservation conditions. The aim of this study was to examine Henry IV's upper resonant cavities and mastoids using an original and innovative forensic three‐dimensional segmentation method.MethodsThe paranasal sinuses and mastoid cells of King Henri IV of France were studied by cross‐referencing available biographical information with clinical and flexible endoscopic examination and computed tomography (CT‐scan) imaging. The paranasal sinuses and mastoid cells were delineated and their volumes were assessed using ITK‐SNAP 4.0 software (open‐source). Graphical representations were created using Fusion 360® (Autodesk Inc., San Rafael, CA, USA) and MeshMixer® (Autodesk Inc., San Rafael, CA, USA).ResultsParanasal sinus tomodensitometry revealed abnormalities in shape and number. Henri IV of France suffered from sinus aplasia. Neither the left sphenoid nor left frontal sinus contrasted sharply, and a remarkable pneumatization of the right clinoid processes extended throughout the height of the right pterygoid process. The total volumes of Henri IV's mastoid air‐cells were estimated at 27 and 26 mL, respectively, for the right and left sides, exceeding the normal mean and the maximum of modern subjects by a wide margin. No sign of chronic ear or sinus condition was found.ConclusionsAn innovative method has been developed in forensic medicine to establish hypotheses about the growth and respiratory conditions of the face.
Advances in Rare Earth‐Doped ZnO Photocatalysts: Enhancing Photogenerated Electron‐Hole Pairs for Radical Atom Generation
Authors: Hasanah Andi Uswatun , Ikbal Muh. Syihab , Tahir Dahlang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractZinc oxide (ZnO) is a promising material with a diverse range of applications, spanning gas sensing, photonics, photovoltaics, energy conversion, water splitting, photocatalysis, and transparent trapping. However, ZnO limited responsiveness to visible light affected to low photogenerated electron‐hole pairs (charge), low quantum efficiency, and high recombination of charge. In this review, we are addressing innovative strategies, including incorporation rare earth elements as a trap of electron to reduce recombination charge via ZnO doping from analysis 118 referenced sources. We found that hydrothermal shows very good methods for boosting efficiency up to 100 % within 60‐min. We found that for rare‐earth metals La and Ce as a doping show highest efficiency up to 100 % within 120 min irradiations, means that efficient as a trap for reducing recombination of charge. The potential of rare earth doped ZnO will enhance photogenerated electron‐hole pairs, catalyzing the generation of radical atoms via oxidation and reduction reactions. This review encapsulates the most current findings, it serves as a valuable resource for scholars seeking to advance their understanding of rare earth doped ZnO photocatalysts and developing innovative photocatalytic technologies.
Metal‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Cleavage of Aromatic C−O Bonds
Authors: Su Yusheng , Cao Zhi‐Chao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPhenol derivatives are naturally abundant or can be easily fabricated from commercially accessible building blocks. In recent years, with the aim of producing functionally important chiral compounds in enantioenriched form, there has been initial progress in the development of metal‐catalyzed cross‐coupling reactions that involve the enantioselective cleavage of aromatic C−O bonds. This concept encompasses a review of the significant advancements in this field, as well as the associated strategies. Moreover, the challenges and potential opportunities in this area are also underscored.
Engineering Amino Acid and Peptide Supramolecular Architectures through Fluorination
Authors: Veronese Eleonora , Metrangolo Pierangelo , Dichiarante Valentina 
Published: April 2024

AbstractFluorinated non‐natural amino acids are attracting considerable research interest, especially in the biomedical field and in materials science, thanks to their ability to self‐assemble into peculiar supramolecular structures. The conformational changes induced by the presence of fluorine atoms obviously affect their functions, as well as the biological activity of the deriving peptides and proteins. Here, we will briefly describe the main effects of fluorination on the aggregation behavior of such building blocks, focusing in particular on their improved tendency to form fibrils, and gels therefrom. Our aim is to underline the promising potential of fluorination as a tool to affect the self‐assembly features of amino acids, both when used alone and when inserted into polypeptide sequences. The ability of fluorine to influence physical, chemical, and structural properties of these substrates offers the possibility to engineer bioinspired materials with specific and tunable functions.