bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anatomic Popliteus Tendon and Tibiofibular Joint Reconstructions
Authors: Tollefson Luke V. , Banovetz Mark T. , Homan Morgan D. , Kennedy Nicholas I. , LaPrade Robert F. 
Published: April 2024

Background: The popliteus tendon is a primary stabilizer of external knee rotation and has been described as the “fifth ligament of the knee.” Injuries involving the posterolateral corner of the knee commonly involve the popliteus tendon; isolated injury to the popliteus tendon is relatively rare and usually involves a rotatory injury mechanism and symptoms of instability and pain. In this patient, there was a concomitant injury to the proximal tibiofibular joint. Indications: Popliteus tendon reconstruction is indicated for patients with abnormal external rotation on examination and symptoms of pain and instability. Proximal tibiofibular joint reconstruction is indicated for patients with instability of the tibiofibular joint. Technique Description: Preoperative examination under anesthesia is essential to determine the extent of external rotation and assess for additional posterolateral pathology. The popliteus tendon procedure begins with a meticulous common peroneal nerve neurolysis to minimize nerve irritation and decrease the risk of a postoperative foot drop. Semitendinosus and gracilis graft harvest is performed with at least 16 cm of graft length followed by tunnel reaming of the popliteus tendon femoral attachment and tibia tunnel identification and reaming. The femoral attachment of the popliteus tendon is secured, and the semitendinosus graft is anatomically oriented along the native path and passed from posterior to anterior through the femoral tunnel. The gracilis graft for anatomic proximal tibiofibular joint reconstruction requires an anterior to posterior tunnel through the fibular head. Finally, both grafts are secured in the tibial tunnel with the application of an anterior traction force. Results: A cadaveric study by LaPrade et al reported that an anatomic popliteus tendon reconstruction with a semitendinosus autograft significantly reduced external rotation laxity compared with the sectioned state. In addition, popliteus tendon reconstruction resulted in significantly decreased varus laxity, anterior tibial translation, and internal rotation. Discussion: This is a technique that effectively restores external rotation knee stability utilizing an anatomically oriented reconstruction of the popliteus tendon and tibiofibular joint. The popliteus tendon serves as a primary stabilizer to external rotation and facilitates static function of the knee. The proximal tibiofibular joint reconstruction restores the function of the posterior proximal tibiofibular joint ligaments. Patient Consent Disclosure Statement: The author(s) attests that consent has been obtained from any patient(s) appearing in this publication. If the individual may be identifiable, the author(s) has included a statement of release or other written form of approval from the patient(s) with this submission for publication.
Adverse pregnancy outcomes and pharyngeal flow limitation during sleep: Nulliparous Pregnancy Outcomes Study Monitoring Mothers-to-be (nuMoM2b)
Authors: Alex Raichel M. , Mann Dwayne L. , Azarbarzin Ali , Vena Daniel , Gell Laura K. , Wellman Andrew , Grobman William A. , Facco Francesca L. , Silver Robert M. , Pien Grace W. , Louis Judette M. , Zee Phyllis C. , Rueschman Michael , Sofer Tamar , Redline Susan , Sands Scott A. 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundPharyngeal flow limitation during pregnancy may be a risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes but was previously challenging to quantify. Our objective was to determine whether a novel objective measure of flow limitation identifies an increased risk of pre-eclampsia (primary outcome) and other adverse outcomes in a prospective cohort: Nulliparous Pregnancy Outcomes Study Monitoring Mothers-to-be (nuMoM2b).MethodsFlow limitation severity scores (0%=fully obstructed, 100%=open airway), quantified from breath-by-breath airflow shape, were obtained from home sleep tests during early (6–15 weeks) and mid (22–31 weeks) pregnancy. Multivariable logistic regression quantified associations between flow limitation (median overnight severity, both time-points averaged) and pre-eclampsia, adjusting for maternal age, body mass index (BMI), race, ethnicity, chronic hypertension and flow limitation during wakefulness. Secondary outcomes were hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and infant birthweight.ResultsOf 1939 participants with flow limitation data at both time-points (mean±sdage 27.0±5.4 years and BMI 27.7±6.1 kg·m−2), 5.8% developed pre-eclampsia, 12.7% developed HDP and 4.5% developed GDM. Greater flow limitation was associated with increased pre-eclampsia risk: adjusted OR 2.49 (95% CI 1.69–3.69) per 2sdincrease in severity. Findings persisted in women without sleep apnoea (apnoea–hypopnoea index <5 events·h−1). Flow limitation was associated with HDP (OR 1.77 (95% CI 1.33–2.38)) and reduced infant birthweight (83.7 (95% CI 31.8–135.6) g), but not GDM.ConclusionsGreater flow limitation is associated with increased risk of pre-eclampsia, HDP and lower infant birthweight. Flow limitation may provide an early target for mitigating the consequences of sleep disordered breathing during pregnancy.
Symptoms before and after COVID-19: a population and case–control study using prospective data
Authors: Sudre Carole H. , Antonelli Michela , Cheetham Nathan J. , Molteni Erika , Canas Liane S. , Bowyer Vicky , Murray Ben , Rjoob Khaled , Modat Marc , Capdevila Pujol Joan , Hu Christina , Wolf Jonathan , Spector Tim D. , Hammers Alexander , Steves Claire J. , Ourselin Sebastien , Duncan Emma L. 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundSome individuals experience prolonged illness after acute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We assessed whether pre-infection symptoms affected post-acute COVID illness duration.MethodsSurvival analysis was performed in adults (n=23 452) with community-managed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection prospectively self-logging data through the ZOE COVID Symptom Study app, at least weekly, from 8 weeks before to 12 weeks after COVID-19 onset, conditioned on presenceversusabsence of baseline symptoms (4–8 weeks before COVID-19). A case–control study was performed in 1350 individuals with long illness (≥8 weeks, including 906 individuals (67.1%) with illness ≥12 weeks), matched 1:1 (for age, sex, body mass index, testing week, prior infection, vaccination, smoking, index of multiple deprivation) with 1350 individuals with short illness (<4 weeks). Baseline symptoms were compared between the two groups, and against post-COVID symptoms.ResultsIndividuals reporting baseline symptoms had longer COVID-related symptom duration (median 15 daysversus10 days for individuals without baseline symptoms) with baseline fatigue nearly doubling duration. Two-thirds (910 (67.4%) of 1350) of individuals with long illness were asymptomatic beforehand. However, 440 (32.6%) had baseline symptoms,versus255 (18.9%) of 1350 individuals with short illness (p<0.0001). Baseline symptoms doubled the odds ratio for long illness (2.14, 95% CI 1.78–2.57). Prior comorbidities were more common in individuals with longversusshort illness. In individuals with long illness, baseline symptomatic (versusasymptomatic) individuals were more likely to be female, younger, and have prior comorbidities; and baseline and post-acute symptoms, and symptom burden, correlated strongly.ConclusionsIndividuals experiencing symptoms before COVID-19 had longer illness duration and increased odds of long illness. However, many individuals with long illness were well before SARS-CoV-2 infection.
A comparison of respiratory oscillometry and spirometry in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: performance time, symptom burden and test–retest reliability
Authors: Patel Suhani , Sylvester Karl P. , Wu Zhe , Rhamie Serena , Dickel Peter , Maher Toby M. , Molyneaux Philip L. , Calverley Peter M.A. , Man William D-C. 
Published: April 2024

Study questionIn large multinational patient surveys, spirometry (which requires repeated, reproducible maximal efforts) can be associated with cough, breathlessness and tiredness, particularly in those with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Oscillometry is an effort-independent test of airways resistance and reactance. We hypothesised that oscillometry would take less time to perform and would be associated with reduced symptom burden than spirometry.Patients and methodsSpirometry and oscillometry were performed in 66 participants with IPF and repeated 2 weeks later. We compared time taken to perform tests, symptom burden and test–retest reliability with Bland–Altman plots and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs).ResultsOscillometry took significantly less time to perform than spirometry (mean −4.5 (99% CI −6.0 to −3.0) min) and was associated with lower symptom burden scores for cough (−1.3, 99% CI −1.7 to −0.8), breathlessness (−1.0, 99% CI −1.4 to −0.5), and tiredness (−0.5, 99% CI −0.9 to −0.2). On Bland–Altman analysis, all measures showed good agreement, with narrow limits of agreement and the mean bias lying close to 0 in all cases. The ICCs for forced expiratory volume in 1 s and forced vital capacity were 0.94 and 0.89, respectively, and ranged between 0.70 and 0.90 for oscillometry measures.ConclusionOscillometry is quicker to perform and provokes less symptoms than spirometry in patients with IPF.
Integrating miRNA and full-length transcriptome profiling to elucidate the mechanism of muscle growth in Muscovy ducks reveals key roles for miR-301a-3p/ANKRD1
Authors: Huang Jiangnan , Xiong Xiaolan , Zhang Weihong , Chen Xiaolian , Wei Yue , Li Haiqin , Xie Jinfang , Wei Qipeng , Zhou Quanyong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
The popularity of Muscovy ducks is attributed not only to their conformation traits but also to their slightly higher content of breast and leg meat, as well as their stronger-tasting meat compared to that of typical domestic ducks. However, there is a lack of comprehensive systematic research on the development of breast muscle in Muscovy ducks. In addition, since the number of skeletal muscle myofibers is established during the embryonic period, this study conducted a full-length transcriptome sequencing and microRNA sequencing of the breast muscle. Muscovy ducks at four developmental stages, namely Embryonic Day 21 (E21), Embryonic Day 27 (E27), Hatching Day (D0), and Post-hatching Day 7 (D7), were used to isolate total RNA for analysis.

Results
A total of 68,161 genes and 472 mature microRNAs were identified. In order to uncover deeper insights into the regulation of mRNA by miRNAs, we conducted an integration of the differentially expressed miRNAs (known as DEMs) with the differentially expressed genes (referred to as DEGs) across various developmental stages. This integration allowed us to make predictions regarding the interactions between miRNAs and mRNA. Through this analysis, we identified a total of 274 DEGs that may serve as potential targets for the 68 DEMs. In the predicted miRNA‒mRNA interaction networks, let-7b, miR-133a-3p, miR-301a-3p, and miR-338-3p were the hub miRNAs. In addition, multiple DEMs also showed predicted target relationships with the DEGs associated with skeletal system development. These identified DEGs and DEMs as well as their predicted interaction networks involved in the regulation of energy homeostasis and muscle development were most likely to play critical roles in facilitating the embryo-to-hatchling transition. A candidate miRNA, miR-301a-3p, exhibited increased expression during the differentiation of satellite cells and was downregulated in the breast muscle tissues of Muscovy ducks at E21 compared to E27. A dual-luciferase reporter assay suggested that the ANKRD1 gene, which encodes a transcription factor, is a direct target of miR-301a-3p.

Conclusions
miR-301a-3p suppressed the posttranscriptional activity of ANKRD1, which is an activator of satellite cell proliferation, as determined with gain- and loss-of-function experiments. miR-301a-3p functions as an inducer of myogenesis by targeting the ANKRD1 gene in Muscovy ducks. These results provide novel insights into the early developmental process of black Muscovy breast muscles and will improve understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms.
DhuFAP: a platform for gene functional analysis in Dendrobium huoshanense
Authors: Xiao Qiaoqiao , Pan Qi , Li Jun , Zhang Jinqiang , Yang Jiaotong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Dendrobium huoshanense, a traditional medicinal and food plant, has a rich history of use. Recently, its genome was decoded, offering valuable insights into gene function. However, there is no comprehensive gene functional analysis platform for D. huoshanense.

Result
To address this, we created a platform for gene function analysis and comparison in D. huoshanense (DhuFAP). Using 69 RNA-seq samples, we constructed a gene co-expression network and annotated D. huoshanense genes by aligning sequences with public protein databases. Our platform contained tools like Blast, gene set enrichment analysis, heatmap analysis, sequence extraction, and JBrowse. Analysis revealed co-expression of transcription factors (C2H2, GRAS, NAC) with genes encoding key enzymes in alkaloid biosynthesis. We also showcased the reliability and applicability of our platform using Chalcone synthases (CHS).

Conclusion
DhuFAP (www.gzybioinformatics.cn/DhuFAP) and its suite of tools represent an accessible and invaluable resource for researchers, enabling the exploration of functional information pertaining to D. huoshanense genes. This platform stands poised to facilitate significant biological discoveries in this domain.
Fulvic acid foliar application: a novel approach enhancing antioxidant capacity and nutritional quality of pistachio (Pistacia vera L.)
Authors: Nikoogoftar-Sedghi Mohammadali , Rabiei Vali , Razavi Farhang , Molaei Sanaz , Khadivi Ali 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
The global growth of pistachio production has prompted exploration into sustainable agricultural practices, on the application of humic substances such as fulvic acid in enhancing the quality of horticultural crops. The present study was carried out in Qom province, Iran, on 20 years old pistachio (Pistacia vera L. cv. Kaleh-Ghoochi) trees and investigated the impact of foliar spraying of fulvic acid at varying concentrations (1.5, 3, and 4.5 g L− 1) on the antioxidant and quality properties of pistachio. The different concentrations of fulvic acid were applied at two key stages: at the initiation of pistachio kernel formation (late June) and the development stage of pistachio kernel (late August), as well as at both time points. Following harvest at the horticulturally mature phase, various parameters, including total phenols, flavonoids, soluble proteins, soluble carbohydrate content, antioxidant capacity, and antioxidant enzyme activity, were assessed.

Results
Results indicated that foliar application of fulvic acid, particularly at 1.5 g L− 1 during both late June and August, effectively increased phenolic compounds (31.8%) and flavonoid content (24.53%). Additionally, this treatment also augmented antioxidant capacity and heightened the activity of catalase (CAT) (37.56%), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) (63.86%), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) (76.45%). Conversely, peroxidase (POX) (41.54%) activity was reduced in fulvic acid-treated nuts compared with controls. Moreover, the content of chlorophyll (45%) and carotenoids (46.7%) was enhanced using this organic fertilizer. In terms of mineral elements, the increment was observed in zinc (Zn) (58.23%) and potassium (K) (28.12%) amounts in treated nuts. Additionally, foliar application of fulvic acid led to elevated levels of soluble carbohydrates and proteins in treated nuts.

Conclusions
In the present study, application of fulvic acid resulted in enhancement of antioxidant activity and quality traits of pistachio nut through an increase in total phenol, flavonoids, chlorophyll, carotenoids, K, Zn, and also activity of antioxidant enzymes. Therefore, use of fulvic acid emerges as a promising strategy to enhance the quality and nutritional attributes of pistachios, contributing to sustainable agricultural practices and improved crop outcomes.
Investigating the interplay of smoking, cardiovascular risk factors, and overall cardiovascular disease risk: NHANES analysis 2011–2018
Authors: Mambo Athumani , Yang Yulu , Mahulu Emmerenceana , Zihua Zhou 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
This study explores the intricate relationship between smoking, cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and their combined impact on overall CVD risk, utilizing data from NHANES 2011–2018.

Methods
Participants were categorized based on the presence of CVD, and we compared their demographic, social, and clinical characteristics. We utilized logistic regression models, receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis, and the chi-squared test to examine the associations between variables and CVD risk.

Results
Significant differences in characteristics were observed between those with and without CVD. Serum cotinine levels exhibited a dose-dependent association with CVD risk. The highest quartile of cotinine levels corresponded to a 2.33-fold increase in risk. Smoking, especially in conjunction with lower HDL-c, significantly increases CVD risk. Combinations of smoking with hypertension, central obesity, diabetes, and elevated triglycerides also contributed to increased CVD risk. Waist-to-Height Ratio, Visceral Adiposity Index, A Body Shape Index, Conicity Index, Triglyceride-Glucose Index, Neutrophil, Mean platelet volume and Neutrophil to Lymphocyte ratio demonstrated significant associations with CVD risk, with varying levels of significance post-adjustment. When assessing the combined effect of smoking with multiple risk factors, a combination of smoking, central obesity, higher triglycerides, lower HDL-c, and hypertension presented the highest CVD risk, with an adjusted odds ratio of 14.18.

Conclusion
Smoking, when combined with central obesity, higher triglycerides, lower HDL-c, and hypertension, presented the highest CVD risk, with an adjusted odds ratio of 14.18.
Evaluating the effect of rapamycin treatment in Alzheimer’s disease and aging using in vivo imaging: the ERAP phase IIa clinical study protocol
Authors: Svensson Jonas E. , Bolin Martin , Thor Daniel , Williams Pete A. , Brautaset Rune , Carlsson Marcus , Sörensson Peder , Marlevi David , Spin-Neto Rubens , Probst Monika , Hagman Göran , Morén Anton Forsberg , Kivipelto Miia , Plavén-Sigray Pontus 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Rapamycin is an inhibitor of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) protein kinase, and preclinical data demonstrate that it is a promising candidate for a general gero- and neuroprotective treatment in humans. Results from mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease have shown beneficial effects of rapamycin, including preventing or reversing cognitive deficits, reducing amyloid oligomers and tauopathies and normalizing synaptic plasticity and cerebral glucose uptake. The “Evaluating Rapamycin Treatment in Alzheimer’s Disease using Positron Emission Tomography” (ERAP) trial aims to test if these results translate to humans through evaluating the change in cerebral glucose uptake following six months of rapamycin treatment in participants with early-stage Alzheimer’s disease.

Methods
ERAP is a six-month-long, single-arm, open-label, phase IIa biomarker-driven study evaluating if the drug rapamycin can be repurposed to treat Alzheimer’s disease. Fifteen patients will be included and treated with a weekly dose of 7 mg rapamycin for six months. The primary endpoint will be change in cerebral glucose uptake, measured using [18F]FDG positron emission tomography. Secondary endpoints include changes in cognitive measures, markers in cerebrospinal fluid as well as cerebral blood flow measured using magnetic resonance imaging. As exploratory outcomes, the study will assess change in multiple age-related pathological processes, such as periodontal inflammation, retinal degeneration, bone mineral density loss, atherosclerosis and decreased cardiac function.

Discussion
The ERAP study is a clinical trial using in vivo imaging biomarkers to assess the repurposing of rapamycin for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. If successful, the study would provide a strong rationale for large-scale evaluation of mTOR-inhibitors as a potential disease-modifying treatment in Alzheimer’s disease.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT06022068, date of registration 2023–08-30.
Systematic review and meta-analysis on the effect of adjuvant gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) on pregnancy outcomes in women with endometriosis following conservative surgery
Authors: Qing Xuemei , He Lele , Ma Ying , Zhang Yong , Zheng Wenxin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Endometriosis frequently results in pain and infertility. While conservative surgery offers some relief, it often falls short of ensuring satisfactory pregnancy outcomes. Adjuvant GnRH-a is administered post-surgery to mitigate recurrence; however, its impact on pregnancy outcomes remains debated. This study endeavors to assess the efficacy of adjuvant GnRH-a in enhancing pregnancy outcomes post-conservative surgery in endometriosis patients.

Methods
Databases including PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Medline (Ovid), Web of Science, and Scopus were rigorously searched up to 02 August 2023, without linguistic constraints. Identified articles were screened using strict inclusion and exclusion criteria. Evaluated outcomes encompassed pregnancy rate, live birth rate, miscarriage rate, ectopic pregnancy rate, multiple pregnancy rate, mean postoperative pregnancy interval, recurrence rate, and adverse reaction rate. The Cochrane risk of bias tool and the Jadad score evaluated the included studies’ quality. Subgroup and sensitivity analysis were implemented to analyze the pooled results. A meta-analysis model expressed results as standardized mean difference (SMD) and Risk ratio (RR).

Results
A total of 17 studies about 2485 patients were assimilated. Meta-analysis revealed that post-surgery, the GnRH-a cohort experienced a marginally elevated pregnancy rate (RR = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.02–1.41; P = 0.03) and a reduced mean time to conceive (RR = -1.17, 95% CI = -1.70- -0.64; P < 0.0001). Contrarily, other evaluated outcomes did not exhibit notable statistical differences.

Conclusions
Incorporating adjuvant GnRH-a following conservative surgery may be deemed beneficial for women with endometriosis, especially before Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART). Nonetheless, owing to pronounced heterogeneity, subsequent research is warranted to substantiate these potential advantages conclusively.

Registration number
CRD42023448280.