bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Uncertainty Analysis for Fatigue Load Estimators in Wind Turbines
Authors: Kretschmer Phillip , Fischer Boris , Laborenz Jacob , Schwarte Jörg 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTLike explicit measurements of fatigue loads, their estimation using suitable algorithms is subject to uncertainty. This paper proposes a method to quantify this uncertainty. It is well‐suited for two‐stage, time‐series‐based algorithms that estimate remaining useful lifetime. Key element is a model, which is used to propagate measurement and physical uncertainties. A special feature of the method is that it can take into account known deterministic errors of the estimation algorithm. The application of the procedure is illustrated using an example setup with a common algorithm for the estimation of tower bottom loads. This demonstrates that the method provides a meaningful quantification of uncertainty in form of a coefficient of variation and clearly identifies the main sources of uncertainty. Thus, the proposed method is an important contribution towards the practical application of fatigue load estimators for wind turbines.
Sex Work and Sexual Violence Laws in Each Jurisdiction
Authors: Scoular Jane , Howard Rachel , Brents Barbara G. , Sanders Teela , Abel Gillian 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This chapter lays out the various formal laws, legal regulations and court cases that directly concern prostitution, sexual violence, workers’ rights, and criminal justice processes, as pertinent to addressing unwanted sexual contact in the context of sex work. We discuss the formal law for each of our case-study jurisdictions: the UK (England and Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland), Aotearoa New Zealand, and the USA (including Nevada, the only state where legal brothels exist). These details provide a legal backdrop for the empirical chapters that follow, which explore whether and how the legislative context affects sex workers’ attitudes, perceptions of, and behaviours towards the formal law and their experiences of the law.
After the Violation: Sex Workers’ Responses to Unwanted Incidents
Authors: Sanders Teela , Smailes Harriet , Brents Barbara G. , Abel Gillian , Scoular Jane 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this chapter, we report on sex workers’ responses to incidents of unwanted contact—such as the removal of a condom, non-payment, or other client behaviours that crossed their boundaries. We examine the actions sex workers take during and after these violations, exploring their motivations and the influence of formal law, workplace rules, and social norms. We analyse the factors that lead sex workers to various responses and how their reactions differ based on the legal context and the sex market they operate in. Survey responses reveal that sex workers rarely seek statutory support services. We explore how their legal consciousness shapes their individual actions and intersects with workplace responses. This analysis highlights the dynamics between sex workers’ understanding of formal law, workplace policies and culture, and the informal norms.
Bridging Gaps: Peer Recommendations for Better Services
Authors: Balderston Susie , Lanti Alessandra , Thomson Samuel , Griffin Jessica Hyer , Fraser Cherida , Dhónaill Caoimhe Ní , Sanders Teela 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this chapter, we present recommendations for change written by the project's peer researchers, based on their findings from the study. During qualitative interviews, the peers discussed with sex workers how services should change and what actions could be taken to bring about this change. The peer researchers then discussed potential changes in action learning sets, a problem-solving process explained in detail in Chapter 9. Their personal experiences as sex workers and/or practitioners in the field gave them a deep understanding of the challenges that sex workers face. Their analysis followed an action research approach and aligned with the trauma-informed design of the project.
Discrimination in games under the veil of ignorance
Authors: Laruelle Annick , Rocha André 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this paper, we study descriptive norms under the veil of ignorance in symmetric coordination and anti-coordination games. We consider a finite population formed by different types of individuals. Players observe the type of their opponent but play under the veil of ignorance, i.e., act as if they did not know their own type. The question that we address is whether in such a symmetric environment a discriminating norm may arise. We show that there exist symmetric Nash equilibria in which players discriminate by acting differently according to the type of opponent that they face in anti-coordination games, while no such equilibrium exists in coordination games. Whenever individuals display a discriminating behavior, it is equally adopted by all agents, including by the individuals of the discriminated group. However, discrimination has a limit: the maximum number of groups where the treatment differs is three.
A novel method for semi-quantitative detection of HPV16 and HPV18 mRNA with a low-cost, open-source fluorimeter
Authors: Kundrod Kathryn A. , Natoli Mary E. , Smith Chelsey A. , Coole Jackson B. , Chang Megan M. , Novak Emilie Newsham , Chiao Elizabeth , Stier Elizabeth A. , Montealegre Jane R. , Scheurer Michael E. , Castle Philip E. , Schmeler Kathleen M. , Richards-Kortum Rebecca R. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Despite global calls to eliminate cervical cancer, rates of cervical cancer incidence and mortality remain high in resource-limited settings, where it is challenging to implement and sustain screening, diagnosis, and treatment programs. The presence of high-risk HPV mRNA in cervical cells is a sensitive and specific biomarker of cervical precancer. Yet, current testing methods are too costly and complex for use in resource-limited settings. Here, we present a novel method for semi-quantitative detection of HPV16 and HPV18 mRNA with minimal infrastructure requirements. The assay relies on isothermal reverse transcription recombinase polymerase amplification (RT-RPA) with real-time fluorescence readout, demonstrated on rugged, portable, and affordable instruments. We demonstrate adapting the assay from DNA detection to RNA detection, characterizing the test with samples of increasing biological complexity, and ultimately establishing a limit of detection of 1000 HPV16 or HPV18 transcripts per reaction with RNA extracted from cell lines. HPV16 and HPV18 mRNA assays were used to test total RNA from 11 patient samples; results for 10 samples (91%) agreed with the gold standard of RT-qPCR. To reduce cost, the assay was demonstrated with multiplexed detection of HPV16 and HPV18 DNA, validated with a reaction volume that was reduced from 50 to 5 µL with DNA and RNA, and performed using a low-cost, portable reader with DNA and RNA. With incorporation of point-of-care-friendly sample preparation and detection of additional genotypes, this test has the potential to expand global access to HPV testing.
A process monitoring microreactor assembly for real-time reaction analysis using inline near-infrared spectroscopy and chemometrics
Authors: Mahler Lukas , Desel Pascal , Sladkov Marcel , Roppertz Andreas , Mayer Christian , Jaeger Martin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The occurrence of highly exothermic and potential runaway reactions represents a significant hazard to workers, facilities, and the surrounding ecosystem. Due to their high reaction velocity, these reactions often prove difficult to monitor. In many instances, the recorded data result from several single-quantity sensors, such as temperature and pressure sensors. Yet, deviations from the anticipated process, and thus potentially hazardous reaction parameters, may only be identified by the combination of the sensor data, leaving the cause of the deviations unexplained. In this study, a custom-built microreactor in combination with in-line near-infrared spectroscopy and off-line gas chromatography was employed to allow monitoring of the acid-catalyzed esterification of acetic acid and methanol. Using a near-infrared spectrometer in conjunction with partial least squares regression models, reactant and product concentrations could be determined at various residence times and temperatures. This approach enabled the safe and efficient investigation of previously unexamined parameter ranges and the expansion of the design space of experiments. The near-infrared spectra were subjected to principal component analysis classification in order to obtain additional qualitative information. The conversions and space–time yields of the microreactor could be calculated from the obtained data. The values indicated that the microreactor design delivered yields up to twice as high as those of commonly used batch reactors. This study hence demonstrates the efficacy of spectroscopic methods for reaction monitoring in microreactors and their potential for application in micro process analytical technologies.

Graphical Abstract
A decade of reproductive abnormalities in pelagic ostracods observed at the entrance to a changing Arctic
Authors: Chen Emily Yi-Shyuan , Trudnowska Emilia , Wold Anette , Boehnke Rafał , Błachowiak-Samołyk Katarzyna 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The rapid warming of the Arctic Ocean is driving significant shifts in ecosystem dyamics, from species-level morphological changes to changes in community composition. Within the Arctic pelagic community, Ostracoda is an understudied zooplankton group that exhibits distinct sexually dimorphic features, including carapace shape, size, frontal and reproductive organs, and antennae. During analyses of a zooplankton time series collected each summer from 2010 to 2019 in the Fram Strait, the main gateway between the north Atlantic and the Arctic Ocean, all four dominant pelagic ostracod species (Boroecia maxima, B. borealis, Discoconchoecia elegans, and Obtusoecia obtusata) displayed reproductive abnormalities in the form of pseudopenises that otherwise had distinct female features. Out of the total analyzed material of 4,137 adult and pre-mature A-1 stages individuals, 646 A-1 stage individuals, or 15.6% of the population, exhibited pseudopenises. All observed abnormalities were confined to the A-1 stage with no variant adults recorded. The primary difference between these pseudopenises and normal male penises was the lack of muscle bands and sperm duct required for reproductive functionality. However, a few A-1 females had pseudopenises with signs of these bands and ducts developing, suggesting a potential transition to true intersexuality. Monitoring this phenomenon in ostracods is crucial because it can have population-wide reproductive consequences. Furthermore, widespread intersexuality could complicate the interpretation of ecological trends in the changing Arctic.
Understanding the role of micro-organisms in the settlement of coral larvae through community ecology
Authors: Turnlund Abigail C. , O’Brien Paul A. , Rix Laura , Webster Nicole , Lurgi Miguel , Vanwonterghem Inka 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Successful larval recruitment is essential to the growth of coral reefs and therefore plays a key role in the recovery of degraded reefs worldwide. The rising intensity and frequency of environmental disturbance events and their effect on the establishment of new corals is outpacing the natural capacity of coral reefs to recover. To counter this, restoration programmes are increasingly turning to interventionist approaches to enhance coral recruitment, including mass-breeding corals in aquaria for subsequent deployment in the field. Coral sexual propagation has the potential to generate large numbers of genetically diverse coral recruits, but widespread application is still limited by the ability to reliably guarantee the successful settlement of coral larvae. Identifying the origins of biochemical cues that enhance coral settlement is a prerequisite to improving coral larval settlement on key locations and substrates. Microbial biofilms and microbes associated with crustose coralline algae have been shown to induce coral larval settlement, yet the specific taxa and mechanisms involved are poorly understood. In this review we synthes current literature on microbial settlement cues and the challenges associated with untaizengling the origin of individual cues originating within complex microbial communities. Furthermore, we call attention to the importance of interrogating microbial interactions with a holistic community approach to further our knowledge of both coral larval settlement inducers and inhibitors. Obtaining a better understanding of microbial interactions associated with coral settlement will lead to more effective approaches to restoration, from engineering inductive microbial communities to synthesising biochemical cues that can support coral larval settlement for aquaculture and reef recovery.
Analysis of the surprise question as a tool for predicting death in neonates
Authors: Asenjo Silvia , Soler-Garcia Aleix , Morillo-Palomo Ana , Habimana-Jordana Anna , Guillen Montserrat , Bolancé Catalina , Navarro-Vilarrubí Sergi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The Surprise Question “Would you be surprised if the patient died in the next 12 months?” lacks pediatric research, particularly in neonatal patients. Our study aims to analyze the Surprise Question’s predictive ability in neonates and explore pediatricians’ views on palliative care patient identification. A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted from February 2021 to June 2023, including all newborns admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of a pediatric tertiary hospital and its pediatricians. Patients with less than a year since admission were excluded from final analyses. Recorded variables included patient demographics and condition, pediatricians’ profile and opinions regarding the Surprise Question, and palliative care patient identification. The Surprise Question was formulated to one or more pediatricians per neonate at admission, 7 days of life, and 28 days of life, with patient status recorded after 12 months to elaborate a confusion matrix of prognostic test results. A total of 51 pediatricians participated. Most felt they had limited criteria for identifying palliative care patients (55%), believed the Surprise Question could be useful (77%), and predicted death (75%). The Surprise Question was answered at least in one out of the three moments for 262 neonates (61% male and at least 36% preterm), with sufficient sample at each moment to study its predictive ability. High negative predictive values were consistent, with higher positive predictive value at 7 days (26%).

Conclusions
The Surprise Question is a promising tool for predicting neonatal outcome and could guide professionals in initiating palliative care discussions. The 7-day mark appears more suitable for this application.

What is Known:
• Previous research has established the Surprise Question as a valuable tool for predicting death in adults. However, limited research exists on its use in pediatric patients and its role remains unexplored in the neonatal period.

What is New:
• The study evaluates the Surprise Question as a tool for predicting death within the first year of life when applied in the neonatal period. It offers insights into its predictive ability and most suitable time for its application. This study sheds light on its applicability in neonatal care, offering a valuable tool for early identification and referral to palliative care.
Bariatric surgery and relevant comorbidities: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wunker Claire , Kumar Sunjay , Hallowell Peter , Collings Amelia , Loss Lindsey , Bansal Varun , Kushner Bradley , Zoumpou Theofano , Kindel Tammy Lyn , Overby D. Wayne , Chang Julietta , Ayloo Subhashini , Sabour Andrew F. , Ghanem Omar M. , Aleassa Essa , Reid Adam , Rodriguez Noe , Haskins Ivy N. , Hilton L. Renee , Slater Bethany J. , Palazzo Francesco 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Obesity is a growing epidemic in the United States, and with this, has come an increasing volume of metabolic surgery operations. The ideal management of obesity-associated medical conditions surrounding these operations is yet to be determined. This review sought to investigate the routine use of intraoperative cholangiogram (IOC) with cholecystectomy during or after a bypass-type operation, the ideal management of post-sleeve gastrectomy gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and the optimal bariatric operation in patients with known inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Methods
Using medical literature databases, searches were performed for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-randomized comparative studies from 1990 to 2022. Each study was screened by two independent reviewers from the SAGES Guidelines Committee for eligibility. Data were extracted while assessing the risk of bias using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0 Tool and the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale for RCTs and cohort studies, respectively. A meta-analysis was performed using random effects.

Results
Routine use of IOC was associated with a significantly decreased rate of common bile duct injury and a trend towards decreased intraoperative complications, perioperative complications, and mortality. The rates of reoperation, postoperative pancreatitis, cholangitis, and choledocholithiasis were low in the routine use of the IOC group, but no non-routine use studies evaluated these outcomes. After sleeve gastrectomy, GERD-specific quality of life was significantly higher in the surgically treated group compared to the medically treated group. Bypass-type operations had worse outcomes of IBD sequelae than sleeve gastrectomy, including pain, patient perception, and fistula formation. Sleeve patients had lower mortality and fewer short- and long-term complications.

Conclusions
Low-quality data limited the conclusions that were drawn; however, trends were observed favoring the routine use of IOC during cholecystectomy for patients with bypass-type anatomy, surgical treatment of GERD post-sleeve gastrectomy, and sleeve gastrectomy in IBD patients. Future research proposals are suggested to further answer the questions posed.
Security analysis of the Wi-Fi Easy Connect
Authors: Chatzisofroniou George , Kotzanikolaou Panayiotis 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Wi-Fi Easy Connect is a protocol introduced by the Wi-Fi Alliance, as the core replacement of the Wi-Fi Protected Setup (WPS). It aims to facilitate user-friendly provisioning methods, such as scanning a QR code, or leveraging a short-range wireless protocol like Near-Field Communication and Bluetooth. In this paper, we thoroughly examine the security and privacy properties of Wi-Fi Easy Connect (version 3.0); an exhaustive assessment that has not been previously conducted to the best of our knowledge. In addition to uncovering security issues, we identified key aspects of the specification’s design that surprisingly may increase, rather than decrease the attack surface for malicious actors, when compared to its predecessor, WPS. All our findings have been shared with the Wi-Fi Alliance, and the responses regarding action items or risk acceptance have been considered in our analysis. Finally, we analyzed hostapd, the most popular software implementation of Wi-Fi Easy Connect, and we uncovered an implementation issue that allowed an attacker to subvert future connections, highlighting the risks when implementations do not fully adhere to the protocol’s design specifications. Our analysis illustrates the danger of introducing security and privacy vulnerabilities in protocols, when protocol design favors usability versus security.
Reusability of Bayesian Networks case studies: a survey
Authors: Babakov Nikolay , Sivaprasad Adarsa , Reiter Ehud , Bugarín-Diz Alberto 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Bayesian Networks (BNs) are probabilistic graphical models used to represent variables and their conditional dependencies, making them highly valuable in a wide range of fields, such as radiology, agriculture, neuroscience, construction management, medicine, and engineering systems, among many others. Despite their widespread application, the reusability of BNs presented in papers that describe their application to real-world tasks has not been thoroughly examined. In this paper, we perform a structured survey on the reusability of BNs using the PRISMA methodology, analyzing 147 papers from various domains. Our results indicate that only 18% of the papers provide sufficient information to enable the reusability of the described BNs. This creates significant challenges for other researchers attempting to reuse these models, especially since many BNs are developed using expert knowledge elicitation. Additionally, direct requests to authors for reusable BNs yielded positive results in only 12% of cases. These findings underscore the importance of improving reusability and reproducibility practices within the BN research community, a need that is equally relevant across the broader field of Artificial Intelligence.
Plasma therapy: a novel intervention to improve age-induced decline in deudenal cell proliferation in female rat model
Authors: Asmaz Ender Deniz , Ceylani Taha , Genc Aysun İnan , Sertkaya Zeynep Tuğçe , Teker Hikmet Taner 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Aging is associated with a disruptive decline in gastrointestinal health leading to decreased duodenal cell proliferation ultimately affecting the digestive and absorptive capacity of intestines in all species. This study investigates the novel application of blood plasma therapy to enhance duodenal cell proliferation associated with aging. In the presented study, the effects of middle aged plasma therapy on the aged rat duodenum were investigated. For this purpose, using a randomized controlled design, Female Wistar rats (aged 12–15 months) (n:7) were treated with heterologus pooled plasma (0.5 mL per day for 30 days, infused intravenously into the tail vein) collected from middle aged (6 months old, n:28) rats during all stages of the estrous cycle. The groups were divided into three as the Experimental group (aged 12–15 months) receiving middle aged plasma, the control group (aged 12–15 months) not receiving treatment, and the middle aged rat (6 months) as the positive control group. At the end of the experiment, each group’s duodenum were collected, fixed, and analyzed using histological techniques for morphometric parameters. Additionally cell proliferation density and proliferation index were determined by proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). The finding of the study suggests that plasma therapy significantly improves cell proliferation, villus height (µm), crypt depth (µm), total mucosal thickness (µm), the ratio of villus height to crypt depth (µm), and surface absorption area (mm2) in the experimental group compared to control. Likewise, we determined that middle aged plasma application supports cell proliferation. However, further research is warranted to explore the underlying mechanisms and potential clinical applications of this innovative approach.