bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nuclear localization of the zebrafish tight junction protein nagie oko
Authors: Bit‐Avragim Nana , Rohr Stefan , Rudolph Franziska , Van Der Ven Peter , Fürst Dieter , Eichhorst Jenny , Wiesner Burkhard , Abdelilah‐Seyfried Salim 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThe tight junctions‐associated MAGUK protein nagie oko is closely related to Drosophila Stardust, mouse protein associated with lin‐seven 1 (Pals1), and human MAGUK p55 subfamily member 5 (Mpp5). As a component of the evolutionarily conserved Crumbs protein complex, nagie oko is essential for the maintenance of epithelial cell polarity. Here, we show that nagie oko contains a predicted nuclear export and two conserved nuclear localization signals. We find that loss of the predicted nuclear export signal results in nuclear protein accumulation. We show that nagie oko nuclear import is redundantly controlled by the two nuclear localization signals and the evolutionarily conserved region 1 (ECR1), which links nagie oko with Par6‐aPKC. Finally, deletion forms of nagie oko that lack nuclear import and export signals complement several nagie oko mutant defects in cell polarity and epithelial integrity. This finding provides an entry point to potentially novel and unknown roles of this important cell polarity regulator. Developmental Dynamics 237:83–90, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
(Pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)iridium‐PTA (PTA = 1,3,5‐Triaza‐7‐phosphaadamantane) Complexes and Their Application in Catalytic Water Phase Carbon Dioxide Hydrogenation
Authors: Erlandsson Mikael , Landaeta Vanessa R. , Gonsalvi Luca , Peruzzini Maurizio , Phillips Andrew D. , Dyson Paul J. , Laurenczy Gábor 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThe water‐soluble iridium(III) complexes [Cp*Ir(PTA)Cl2] (1) and [Cp*Ir(PTA)2Cl]Cl (2) (PTA = 1,3,5‐triaza‐7‐phosphaadamantane) have been synthesised and characterised by spectroscopy and X‐ray crystallography. The complexes were evaluated as catalyst precursors for the hydrogenation of CO2 and hydrogen carbonate in aqueous solutions, in the absence of amines or other additives, under relatively mild conditions. Complex 1 performed poorly while 2 catalyses the hydrogenation with moderate activity. The catalytically active monohydride [Cp*Ir(PTA)2H]+ was identified by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy and its nature confirmed by independent synthesis. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Highly Efficient Copper‐Mediated Atom‐Transfer Radical Addition (ATRA) in the Presence of Reducing Agent
Authors: Eckenhoff William T. , Garrity Sean T. , Pintauer Tomislav 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThe synthesis, characterization and exceptional activity of CuI(TPMA)Br [TPMA = tris(2‐pyridylmethyl)amine] and [CuII(TPMA)Br][Br] complexes in ATRA reactions of polybrominated compounds to alkenes in the presence of reducing agent (AIBN) was reported. [CuII(TPMA)Br][Br], in conjunction with AIBN, effectively catalyzed ATRA reactions of CBr4 and CHBr3 to alkenes with concentrations between 5 and 100 ppm, which is the lowest number achieved in copper‐mediated ATRA. The molecular structure of CuI(TPMA)Br indicated that the complex was pseudo‐pentacoordinate in the solid state due to the coordination of TPMA [CuI–N: 2.1024(15), 2.0753(15), 2.0709(15) and 2.4397(14) Å] and bromide anion to the copper(I) center [CuI–Br 2.5088(3) Å]. Variable temperature 1H NMR and cyclic voltammetry studies confirmed the equilibrium between CuI(TPMA)Br and [CuI(TPMA)(CH3CN)][Br], indicating some degree of halide anion dissociation in solution. The coordination of the bromide anion to the [CuI(TPMA)]+ cation resulted in a formation of much more reducing CuI(TPMA)Br complex (E1/2 = –720 mV vs. Fc/Fc+) than the corresponding ClO4– (E1/2 = –422 mV vs. Fc/Fc+) and PF6– (E1/2 = –421 mV vs. Fc/Fc+) analogues. In [CuII(TPMA)Br][Br], the CuII atom was coordinated by four nitrogen atoms [CuII–Neq 2.073(2) Å and CuII–Nax 2.040(3) Å] from TPMA ligand and a bromine atom [CuII–Br 2.3836(6) Å]. The overall geometry of the complex was distorted trigonal bipyramidal. CuI(TPMA)Br and [CuII(TPMA)Br][Br] complexes showed similar structural features from the point of view of TPMA coordination. The only more pronounced difference in the TPMA coordination to the copper center was observed in the shortening of Cu–Nax bond length by approximately 0.400 Å on going from CuI(TPMA)Br to [CuII(TPMA)Br][Br]. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
β‐Fluorinated Porphyrins and Related Compounds: An Overview
Authors: Leroy Jacques , Bondon Arnaud 
Published: December 2007

AbstractApart from a few examples, β‐(poly)fluorinated and β‐(poly)perfluoroalkylated porphyrins were practically unknownuntil recently. In particular, β‐octafluoro‐meso‐tetraarylporphyrins remained elusive ligands owing to the lack of any convenient access. The aim of this microreview is to highlight recent progress in the synthesis and characterization of β‐fluoroporphyrins and β‐(perfluoroalkyl)porphyrins, two new classes of so‐called electron‐deficient porphyrins. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Hydrolysis of Toxic Natural Glucosides Catalyzed by Cyclodextrin Dicyanohydrins
Authors: Bjerre Jeannette , Nielsen Erik Holm , Bols Mikael 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThe hydrolysis of toxic 7‐hydroxycoumarin glucosides and other aryl and alkyl glucosides, catalyzed by modified α‐ and β‐cyclodextrin dicyanohydrins, was investigated using different UV, redox, or HPAEC detection assays. The catalyzed reactions all followed Michaelis–Menten kinetics, and an impressive rate increase of up to 7569 (kcat/kuncat) was found for the hydroxycoumarin glucoside substrate 4‐MUGP. Good and moderate degrees of catalysis (kcat/kuncat) of up to 1259 were found for the natural glucosides phloridzin and skimmin. By using a newly developed catechol detection UV‐assay, a weak degree of catalysis was also found for the toxic hydroxycoumarin esculin. A novel synthesized diaminomethyl β‐cyclodextrin showed a weak catalysis of p‐nitrophenyl β‐D‐glucopyranoside hydrolysis. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Catalyst development for stable hydrogen generation during steam reforming of renewable and nonrenewable resources
Authors: Sharma Pradeepkumar O. , Swami Sadashiv , Goud Sandeep , Abraham Martin A. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThe production of hydrogen from renewable and nonrenewable resources is demonstrated. Catalytic steam reforming, using a rhodium‐containing catalyst, is shown to be effective for the conversion of natural gas and n‐hexadecane (used as a simulant for diesel fuel). Improved conversion efficiencies can be achieved by performing the reaction at higher temperatures and steam to carbon ratios. The presence of sulfur in the fuel is shown to have a significant inhibiting effect on catalyst performance. Steam reforming of biomass‐derived species is less effective when compared with that of simpler compounds such as methane and methanol, because these species decompose to produce tars and chars at temperatures below which steam reforming reactions are effective. Autothermal reforming has been shown to be relatively effective for several biomass‐derived species. © 2007 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2008
Bioethanol from agricultural waste residues
Authors: Champagne Pascale 
Published: December 2007

AbstractUnder the Kyoto Protocol, the Government of Canada has committed to reducing its greenhouse gas emissions by 6% from 1990 levels between 2008 and 2012. Ethanol‐blended gasolines have the potential to contribute significantly to these emission reductions. Ethanol is derived from biologically renewable resources and can be employed to replace octane enhancers and aromatic hydrocarbons or oxygenates. To date, the ethanol production industry in Canada is comprised mainly of small‐scale plants producing ethanol primarily from agricultural crops as feedstock. Research interests in the area of bioethanol production from organic waste materials emerged in the late 1980. Significant advances in lignocellulosic material extraction and enzymatic hydrolysis have been reported in the last decade, however, continued research efforts are essential for the development of technically feasible and economically viable large‐scale enzyme‐based biomass‐to‐ethanol conversion processes. This research aims to develop and test an enzyme‐based biomass‐to‐ethanol conversion process, which employs organic waste materials, such as livestock manures, as alternative sources of cellulosic material feedstock. The source of the livestock manure, manure management practices and cellulose extraction procedures have a significant impact on the quantity and quality of the cellulosic materials derived. As such, raw feedstock materials must be carefully characterized to assess the impact of these factors on the yield of bioethanol and residual end products. The success of cellulose‐to‐ethanol conversion processes for cellulose extracted from these waste materials as feedstock is generally a function of cellulose fiber pretreatment, enzyme selection and operating conditions. These will differ depending on the source of the waste material feedstock. The long‐term benefits of this research will be to introduce a sustainable solid waste management strategy for a number of livestock manure and other lignocellulosic waste materials; contribute to the mitigation in greenhouse gases through sustained carbon and nutrient recycling; reduce the potential for water, air, and soil contamination associated with land disposal of organic waste materials; and to broaden the feedstock source of raw materials for the ethanol production industry. © 2007 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2008
Notes on South American Valerianaceae IV
Authors: Weberling F. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractBuscando characteres distintivos seguros hemos revisado un grupo posiblemente natural de 6 especies de Valeriana caracterizado por frutos con carpeles esteriles bien desarollados. Además las descripciones de V. boelckei Rossow y V. parvula Killip están completados. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Leaf architecture of Hamelieae (Rubiaceae)
Authors: Martínez‐Cabrera D. , Terrazas T. , Ochoterena H. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThe tribe Hamelieae sensu Robbrecht comprises seven genera, and is traditionally placed in subfamily Rubioideae. Molecular data, however, places Hamelieae within Cinchonoideae. In this study, leaf architecture characters were examined in order to provide further evidence for the circumscription of Hamelieae and discuss its placement in the proposed subfamilies. Leaves from 34 species belonging to six genera of the Hamelieae, plus Syringantha and representative species of Psychotrieae (Rubioideae), Cinchoneae (Cinchonoideeae) and Gardenieae (Ixoroideae) were studied in order to describe and compare their leaf architecture. The results showed that there are macromorphological characters shared by members of Hamelieae. The venation of Hamelieae is brochidodromous, as in the other sampled taxa, except Bouvardia, which has actinodromous venation and Randia with eucamptodromous‐brochidodromous venation. In Hamelieae and Psycho‐ trieae, marginal ultimate venation forms a fimbrial vein and raphides are present in the mesophyll, while in representatives of Cinchoneae and Gardenieae, marginal ultimate venation is incomplete and raphides are absent. Syringantha is distinguished by its narrow elliptical to lanceolate lamina, but shares several attributes with Hamelia and Hoffmannia. These attributes support the proposal to include Syringantha in Hamelieae. The results neither resolve the placement of Hamelieae in Rubioideae or Cinchonoideae. However, our current phylogenetic understanding of the family, placing this tribe in a clade within Cinchonoideae, suggests that raphides arised more than once independently, thus raphides should not be a taxonomic marker to define the Rubioideae. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Characteristics associated with benzodiazepine usage in elderly outpatients in Taiwan
Authors: Cheng Jur‐Shan , Huang Weng‐Foung , Lin Keh‐Ming , Shih Yaw‐Tang 
Published: December 2007

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate benzodiazepine usage and the characteristics associated with usage among elderly outpatients in Taiwan.MethodsThis was an observational study of subjects who were enrolled in the National Health Insurance program and aged at least 65 in 2002. They were grouped according to treatment period and mean dosage. An ordered logit regression model was used to evaluate associations of characteristics with benzodiazepine usage.ResultsOf the 4,267 elderly people included, 1,826 had received at least one prescription for benzodiazepines. The 1‐year prevalence of benzodiazepine usage by elderly outpatients was approximately 43%. Characteristics associated with receiving benzodiazepine therapy included female gender, displaying comorbid insomnia, anxiety, depression, other mental diseases, cardiovascular disease, cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, arthritis, and previous use of benzodiazepines. Individuals older than 75 years, with comorbid insomnia, anxiety, depression, other mental diseases, cardiovascular disease, cancer, being in previous receipt of benzodiazepines, or high prescription‐overlap ratio were more likely to receive longer treatment. Individuals with insomnia, anxiety, depression, and previous use of higher cumulative dosage of benzodiazepine were more likely to receive higher‐dosage therapy.ConclusionsMental disorders and previous exposure to higher cumulative dosages of benzodiazepines are associated with an increased likelihood of receiving benzodiazepine therapy, longer treatment, and a higher mean dosage. Older individuals, less likely to receive higher dosage benzodiazepine therapy, are more likely to receive more prolonged therapy. Women are more likely to receive benzodiazepine therapy, but both men and women have comparable benzodiazepine usage patterns. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
APOE genotype predicts depression in women with Alzheimer's disease: a retrospective study
Authors: Delano‐Wood Lisa , Houston Wes S. , Emond Jennifer A. , Marchant Natalie L. , Salmon David P. , Jeste Dilip V. , Thal Leon J. , Bondi Mark W. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractObjectiveThe association between the APOE ε4 allele and depression was investigated in a retrospective study of 323 AD patients.MethodsPatients were divided into demographically comparable groups based on the presence or absence of depression.ResultsResults showed that the frequency of APOE ε4 allele was significantly higher in the depressed vs non‐depressed AD patients (72% and 58%, respectively), and an interaction revealed that women possessing the APOE ε4 allele were almost four times more likely to be depressed than those without the ε4 allele.ConclusionResults are consistent with recent suggestions that the APOE ε4 genotype may be over‐represented among depressed women with AD and highlight the need for additional research investigating the links between APOE genotype, mood, and gender. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Factors associated with treatment nonadherence among US bipolar disorder patients
Authors: Baldessarini Ross J. , Perry Richard , Pike James 
Published: December 2007

AbstractObjectiveSince sustained treatment‐adherence is often problematic and may limit clinical outcomes among bipolar disorder (BPD) patients, we sought risk factors to guide clinical prediction of nonadherence.MethodsData were from a 2005 US national sample providing questionnaire responses by 131 randomly selected prescribing psychiatrists and their adult BPD patients. We contrasted demographic and clinical factors in treatment‐adherent versus nonadherent patients (strictly defined as missing ≥1 dose within 10 days) in univariate analyses followed by multivariate logistic‐regression modeling.ResultsOf 429 DSM‐IV BPD patients (79% type‐I; 62% women; 17% minorities), 34% reported missing ≥ 1 dose of psychotropic medication within 10 days, 20% missed entire daily doses at least once, and only 2.5% missed all doses for 10 days. However, their prescribing psychiatrists considered only 6% as treatment‐nonadherent. Factors significantly associated with nonadherence in multivariate modeling ranked: alcohol‐dependence > youth > greater affective morbidity > various side effects ≥ comorbid obsessive‐compulsive disorder ≥ recovering from mania‐hypomania. Unrelated were sex, diagnostic subtype, and other comorbidities. Since most patients received ≥ 2 psychotropics, potential relationships between treatment‐complexity and adherence were obscured.ConclusionsPrevalent treatment‐nonadherence among American BPD patients, and striking underestimation of the problem by prescribing clinicians may encourage increasingly complex treatment‐regimens of untested value, but added expense, risk of adverse effects, and uncertain impact on treatment‐adherence itself. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Rainfall network design using kriging and entropy
Authors: Chen Yen‐Chang , Wei Chiang , Yeh Hui‐Chung 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThe spatial distribution of rainfall is related to meteorological and topographical factors. An understanding of the weather and topography is required to select the locations of the rain gauge stations in the catchment to obtain the optimum information. In theory, a well‐designed rainfall network can accurately represent and provide the needed information of rainfall in the catchment. However, the available rainfall data are rarely adequate in the mountainous area of Taiwan. In order to provide enough rainfall data to assure the success of water projects, the rainfall network based on the existing rain gauge stations has to be redesigned.A method composed of kriging and entropy that can determine the optimum number and spatial distribution of rain gauge stations in catchments is proposed. Kriging as an interpolator, which performs linear averaging to reconstruct the rainfall over the catchment on the basis of the observed rainfall, is used to compute the spatial variations of rainfall. Thus, the rainfall data at the locations of the candidate rain gauge stations can be reconstructed. The information entropy reveals the rainfall information of the each rain gauge station in the catchment. By calculating the joint entropy and the transmitted information, the candidate rain gauge stations are prioritized. In addition, the saturation of rainfall information can be used to add or remove the rain gauge stations. Thus, the optimum spatial distribution and the minimum number of rain gauge stations in the network can be determined. The catchment of the Shimen Reservoir in Taiwan is used to illustrate the method. The result shows that only seven rain gauge stations are needed to provide the necessary information. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hydrological control of dissolved organic carbon dynamics in a forested headwater catchment, Kiryu Experimental Watershed, Japan
Authors: Kawasaki Masatoshi , Ohte Nobuhito , Kabeya Naoki , Katsuyama Masanori 
Published: December 2007

AbstractTo evaluate the influence of hydrological processes on dissolved organic carbon (DOC) dynamics in a forested headwater catchment, DOC concentration was observed along the flow path from rainfall to stream water via throughfall, soil water, groundwater, and spring water for 4 years, and DOC flux through the catchment was calculated. The spatial and temporal variations in DOC concentration and flux were compared with physical hydrological observations and the mean residence time of water. In the upslope soil layer, DOC concentrations were not significantly correlated with water fluxes, suggesting that DOC concentrations were not strictly controlled by water fluxes. In the upslope perennial groundwater, DOC concentration was affected by the change in the amount of microbial degradation of DOC produced by changes in the mean residence time of water. In stream water, the temporal variation in DOC concentration was usually affected by changes in DOC concentration of the inflow component via vertical infiltration from above the perennial groundwater. During dry periods, however, the component from inflow via vertical infiltration was negligible and DOC in the upslope perennial groundwater became the major component of stream water DOC. The temporal variation in stream water DOC concentration during baseflow was affected by rainfall patterns over several preceding months. Therefore, records of rainfall over several preceding months are one of the most important factors for predicting changes in DOC concentration on a catchment scale. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Rapid simulated hydrologic response within the variably saturated near surface
Authors: Ebel Brian A. , Loague Keith 
Published: December 2007

AbstractColumn and field experiments have shown that the hydrologic response to increases in rainfall rates can be more rapid than expected from simple estimates. Physics‐based hydrologic response simulation, with the Integrated Hydrology Model (InHM), is used here to investigate rapid hydrologic response, within the variably saturated near surface, to temporal variations in applied flux at the surface boundary. The factors controlling the speed of wetting front propagation are discussed within the Darcy–Buckingham conceptual framework, including kinematic wave approximations. The Coos Bay boundary‐value problem is employed to examine simulated discharge, pressure head, and saturation responses to a large increase in applied surface flux. The results presented here suggest that physics‐based simulations are capable of representing rapid hydrologic response within the variably saturated near surface. The new InHM simulations indicate that the temporal discretization and measurement precision needed to capture the rapid subsurface response to a spike increase in surface flux, necessary for both data‐based analyses and evaluation of physics‐based models, are smaller than the capabilities of the instrumentation deployed at the Coos Bay experimental catchment. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Two finite inverse Hilbert transform formulae for region‐of‐interest tomography
Authors: Zeng Gengsheng L. , You Jiangsjemg , Huang Qiu , Gullberg Grant T. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractRecently we published two explicit formulae for finite inverse Hilbert transforms (You and Zeng, Inv Probl 22 (2006), L7‐L101). This paper presents a straightforward proof of the formulae, the data requirements, and some computer simulations to verify the formulae. Examples of region‐of‐interest tomography using truncated projections and the first formula of the finite inverse Hilbert transform are shown. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 17, 219–223, 2007
A hybrid image restoration approach: Using fuzzy punctual kriging and genetic programming
Authors: Chaudhry Asmatullah , Khan Asifullah , Ali Asad , Mirza Anwar M. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractWe present an intelligent technique for image denoising problem of gray level images degraded with Gaussian white noise in spatial domain. The proposed technique consists of using fuzzy logic as a mapping function to decide whether a pixel needs to be krigged or not. Genetic programming is then used to evolve an optimal pixel intensity‐estimation function for restoring degraded images. The proposed system has shown considerable improvement when compared both qualitatively and quantitatively with the adaptive Wiener filter, methods based on fuzzy kriging, and a fuzzy‐based averaging technique. Experimental results conducted using an image database confirms that the proposed technique offers superior performance in terms of image quality measures. This also validates the use of hybrid techniques for image restoration. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 17, 224–231, 2007