bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sister chromatid exchanges and chromosomes in chronic myelogenous leukemia and cancer families
Authors: Cheng Wind‐Show , Mulvihill John J. , Greene Mark H. , Pickle Linda W. , Tsai Shien , Whang‐Peng Jacqueline 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSpontaneouas sister chromatid exchanges and banded karyotypes were studied in blood lymphocytes from 96 individuals: seven patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia, 15 normal controls, and five “cancer families” comprising 12 cancer patients, 40 tumor‐free blood relatives and 22 spouses. The families had: malignant melanoma; Epstein‐Barr virus‐associated malignancies and a birth defect syndrome; non‐Hodgkin lymphoma and diverse carcinomas; Hodgkin's lymphoma and adenocarcinomas; and acute myelogenous leukemia. In addition to the Philadelphia chromosome in chronic myelogenous leukemia patients, karyotypic abnormalities, especially breaks and fragments, were found in 29% of cancer family members, but were inconsistent and usually attributable to radiotherapy. Mean sister chromatid exchange values were normal in chronic myelogenous leukemia, but low (by t‐test) in tumor patients and their blood relatives in cancer‐prone families. In tumor patients, mean sister chromatid exchange levels fell as age increased. After adjusting for this age effect, no significant differences remained among groups. In patients at high risk of cancer (because they have chronic myelogenous leukemia or a strong family history of cancer), spontaneous sister chromatid exchange rates were not a marker of cancer risk.
14q+ marker chromosome in an EBV‐genome‐negative lymph node without signs of malignancy in a patient with EBV‐genome‐positive nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Mitelman F. , Klein G. , Andersson‐Anvret M. , Forsby N. , Johansson B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn a patient with an EBV‐genome‐positive naso‐pharyngeal carcinoma, an EBV‐genome‐negative inguinal lymph node without histological evidence of malignant lymphoma or metastatic carcinoma growth was found to contain a 14q+ marker chromosome, identified as an 8;14 translocation, in all cells analyzed. This observation Indicates that chromosome aberrations may precede histological signs of malignancy. The possible implication of this finding in relation to the postulated role of the 14q + marker and lymphoma development is discussed.
Cell‐density‐dependence for growth in agarose of two human lymphoma lines and its decrease after epstein‐barr virus conversion
Authors: Montaonier L. , Gruest J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe have compared the growth in agarose medium of two EBV‐negative Burkitt lymphoma lines, BJAB and Ramos, and that of their EBV‐converted derivatives. Optimal conditions for growth in agarose medium are described. The original EBV‐negative lines can grow in agarose to a high efficiency, provided a critical level of cell concentration is attained. Below this level, there is no growth at all. EBV‐converted sublines form colonies at a much lower cell concentration, and their maximal plating efficiency is higher. These differences may be related to a super‐transformation state induced in these cells by EBV.
Immunogenic properties of a soluble tumor rejection antigen (TSTA) from a simian virus 40‐induced sarcoma
Authors: Rogers Michael J. , Law Lloyd W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTumor rejection antigen (TSTA) has been prepared in soluble form and in good yield from the tissue‐culture‐adapted SV40‐induced sarcoma, mKSA, without resorting to the usual extraction procedures of proteolysis, 3 M KCI extraction or treatment with detergents. Chromatography on a Biogel A.5m column of the high‐speed supernatant material yielded a fraction, fraction 5, that contained the most active TSTA (and T antigen). This activity was purified in relation to the tumor‐rejection activity of the cell‐bound TSTA on intact cells or on membranes; a single immunization in the 1 μg to 10 μg protein range strikingly inhibited the growth of the syngeneic neoplasm, mKSA, in tumor‐cell challenges at 5×10″ (500×TD50), The soluble TSTA was immunologically specific and extremely stable. Inhibition of growth was not achieved against Meth A, another BALB/c syngeneic sarcoma, and preparations frozen for 6 months at −20°C maintained their strong specific immunogenicity. The immune deviations of the host that have been reported following inoculations of solubilized (extracted) tumor antigens or crude extracts were not observed in this study using our soluble TSTA. We found no evidence of antigen “overloading;” i.e. an optimal protective effect in a restricted dose range of antigen or with a particular size of tumor‐cell challenge; nor did we observe facilitated tumor growth or inhibition of cell‐mediated immune responses under a variety of conditions.
Carcinogenic potential of hycanthone in mice and hamsters
Authors: Bulay Orhan , Urman Huseyin , Patil Kashinath , Clayson David B. , Shubik Philippe 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHycanthone was administered to Schistosomo monsoni‐infected and non‐infected Syrian golden hamsters and Swiss mice by intraperitoneal and intramuscular injection of amounts up to the maximum tolerated dose. No tumors attributable to treatment were observed in hamsters. In infected mice, the overall incidence of hepatomas and hepatocellular carcinomas increased from 3.4% in untreated mice to 10.6% in those treated with hycanthone. Non‐infected control mice developed 0.8% of these tumors compared to 10.2% in mice treated with hycanthone. Despite the use of high dose levels of hycanthone, statistical significance was attained only with non‐infected female mice injected intraperitoneally and intramuscularly with hycanthone and then only at confidence levels of 92 and 95% respectively.
Cancer progression and monocyte inflammatory dysfunction: Relationship to tumour excision and metastasis
Authors: Normann S. J. , Schardt M. , Sorkin E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn a longitudinal study performed before and after surgical resection of a chemically‐induced, transplanted rat tumour we found that a monocytosis‐and tumour‐Induced anti‐inflammatory effect directed against macrophages was promptly corrected by tumour excision but recurred with metastasis. These observations indicate that the monocyte abnormalities are acquired and related to cancer progression. The anti‐inflammatory effect required relatively large primary or metastatic tumour burdens. Our findings support the clinical impression that monocyte abnormalities are associated with a poor prognosis.
Effect of Corynebacterium parvum on hemopoietic stem‐cell kinetics
Authors: Eliopoulos George , Andre Simonne , Anagnou Nick P. , Matsis Constantin , Halpern Bernard 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe intravenous administration of 548 μg of killed Corynebocterium parvum(C. parvum)Into C57BL mice leads to a significant decrease in the number of bone‐marrow colony‐forming‐units in spleen (CFUs) as early as 12 h after the injection of the bacterium. This decrease persisted in varying degrees for 3 weeks. After an initial fall at 24 h, the splenic CFUs exhibited a rapid expansion and reached values 10 times higher than the control range on the ninth day. A significant rise in the number of circulating CFUs, reaching a first peak at 2 h and a second one on the fifth day, was also observed. The pro‐liferative status of femoral CFUs was increased at 48 and 72 h, while that of splenic CFUs presented a significant increase only 48 h after the injection of C. parvum. The sequence of events which were observed in these experiments Indicates that an accelerated migration of hemopoietic stem cells from bone marrow to spleen via the blood circulation has to take place.
Cytolytic and cytostatic anti‐tumor activities of macrophages from mice injected with murine sarcoma virus
Authors: Puccetti Paolo , Holden Howard T. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe have characterized the cytolytic activity of adherent cells isolated from enzymatically disaggregated tumors or from the peritoneum of mice injected with murine sarcoma virus (MSV) using an 18‐h51 Cr release assay and compared it with the cytostatic activity present in the same effector population. Cytolytic activity of peritoneal exudate cells peaked 14 days after inoculation of MSV. Injection of thioglycolate increased ten‐fold the number of cells recovered from each animal and these cells exhibited the same level of cytotoxicity as did those obtained from uninduced animals. Fourteen days after MSV inoculation, cytolytic activity was also detected in the adherent cells isolated from the tumor and these cells had higher levels of reactivity than the peritoneal cells. Several lines of evidence indicated that the cytolytic effector cells were macrophages: the effector cells were adherent and phagocytic; were inactivated by silica and carrageenan, and removed by the carbonyl iron/magnet technique; and were not affected by treatment with anti‐Thy 1.2 plus complement. Furthermore, the effector cells were heterogeneous since, when they were separated by 1 g velocity sedimentation, there were several peaks of activity corresponding to macrophages with different sizes. Cytotoxicity was not specific since several antigenically unrelated target cells could be lysed. Cytostasis was measured by performing cell counts on the target cells as well as by the usual growth inhibition assay in which incorporation of [3H]thymidine is used as the indicator of proliferation. At low A:T ratios (10:1 to 1.25:1) there appeared to be no cytolytic activity since there was no significant decrease In the number of target cells at any time during the incubation. However, there was marked inhibition of growth as measured both by cell counts and by [3H]thymidine incorporation. The lytic effects were only detected at A:T ratios approximately ten times higher than those required for the inhibition of proliferation. Therefore, macrophages that can exert cytolytic and cytostatic anti‐tumor activity are present within MSV tumors which subsequently regress. This suggests a role for the macrophages in the anti‐tumor immune response that may be complementary to the well‐established specific cytolytic activity of immune T lymphocytes.
K562—A human erythroleukemic cell line
Authors: Andersson Leif C. , Nilsson Kenneth , Gahmberg Carl G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe have studied the surface membrane properties of the human leukemic cell line K562 which previously has been reported to represent an early stage of granulocyte maturation. The surface glycoprotein pattern of the K562 cells obtained after galactose oxidase‐NaB[3H]4 labelling and slab gel electrophoresis shows striking similarities with that of normal erythrocytes but is completely different from the patterns of normal and malignant cells of various stages of the myeloblast to granulocyte differentiation. Moreover, the K562 cell expressed the major red cell sialoglycoprotein, glycophorin, on its surface as shown by immuno‐fluorescence and by immuneprecipitation from labelled membrane preparations. As glycophorin is exclusively found on erythroid cells in human bone marrow we conclude that the K562 is a human erythroleukemic line.
Immunoglobulin‐producing cells in the “transitional” mucosa adjacent to adenocarcinomas of the human large bowel
Authors: Rognum T. O. , Brandtzaeg P. , Baklien K. , Hognestad J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractQuantification of IgA‐, IgM‐and IgG‐producing immunocytes was performed in a defined mucosal tissue unit adjacent to 16 adenocarcinomas of the large bowel, and compared with data for control units from 15 histologically normal specimens. The thickness of the “transitional” mucosa adjacent to the tumours was markedly increased. Thus, the average cancer‐associated unit showed a 2.6‐fold increase in height and its number of immunoglobulin‐producing cells was raised 2.8 times. The numerical increase for IgA cells was 2.1, for IgM cells 5.1, and for IgG cells 13.0; the percentage proportions of these cell classes were changed from 91:6:3.6 to 71:12:17. Only very rare IgD‐and IgE‐producing cells were seen. The immunocyte density in 6‐μm‐thick sections (cell number/mm2 of lamina propria) was 823, 136 and 201 for the IgA, IgM and IgG class, respectively, compared to the normal figures of 1,186, 73 and 49. The density of IgG and IgM cells was thus significantly increased and that of IgA cells decreased in the lamina propria of the “transitional” mucosa. The intra‐individual scatter of all variables, including mucosal height, was large in the “transitional” mucosa, but the variables became normalized approximately 1 cm from the tumour. The excessive rise in the local production of IgG, with no concomitant increase in the density of IgA cells, indicates that there are local stimulatory factors bypassing the secretory IgA immune system. Further studies are needed to show if this local immune response reflects production of tumour‐specific antibodies or is merely due to increased penetrability for antigens from the gut lumen passing through the tumour lesion.
A rapid in vitro assay for carcinogenicity of chemical substances in mammalian cells utilizing an attachment‐independence endpoint
Authors: Traul K. A. , Kachevsky V. , Wolff J. S. , Hink R. , Nanna U. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRauscher leukemia virus (RLV)‐infected rat embryo cells have been shown to be sensitive to neoplastic transformation by a variety of chemical carcinogens. The mass assay technique normally used requires 6 to 15 weeks before morphologically altered foci of cells are observed. While growth in soft agar is considered to be one of the best in vitromeans for confirming neoplastic transformation, this assay requires 4 additional weeks beyond focus formation. We have devised a rapid new assay for determining carcinogenicity of chemicals. The method takes advantage of the range of chemical sensitivity of RLV‐infected rat embryo cells, but provides, in 10 days, for a readout based on the ability of transformed cells to survive under conditions which select for attachment independence. The target cells, 2FR450, were treated for 72 h with chemical and then plated into Petri dishes containing a solid bottom layer of agar/medium. Viable cell counts were made 3 and 6 days later and compared to parallel data from solvent‐treated control cells. 2FR450 cells treated with any of 10 chemical carcinogens, including such diverse compounds as benzo(a)pyrene, 3‐methylcholanthrene, 2‐acetylaminofluorene, NiSO4and urethane, showed an average increase of 225% in survival over controls. Phenanthrene, a non‐carcinogen, induced no increase in survival of 2FR450 cells. This assay appears to permit detection of carcinogens of various chemical types with a simple test readout within 10 days.
A quantitative determination of the covalent binding of a series of polycylic hydrocarbons to dna in mouse skin
Authors: Pcchillips David H. , Grover Philip L. , Sims Peter 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe extents of reaction of seven 3H‐labelled polycyclic hydrocarbons with DNA in mouse skin following their topical application have been studied. DNA isolated from the treated areas was hydrolysed enzymically to deoxyribonucleosides and the products chromatographed on Sephadex LH20 columns. The levels of binding of hydrocarbon to DNA were determined from the amounts of radioactivity eluted from Sephadex LH20 columns in those fractions containing hydrocarbon‐DNA adducts. Tritium incorporation into normal deoxyribonucleosides was examined by rechromatography of material on AG50W‐X4 columns and in some instances was found to account for a substantial proportion of the total radioactivity associated with DNA samples. Following treatment of mice with 1 (imol hydrocarbon/mouse, 7, 12‐dimethylbenz(a)anthracene, the most potent carcinogen studied, became bound to DNA to the greatest extent (43 pmol/mg DNA), Benzo(a)pyrene and 3‐methylcholanthrene, the next most active compounds, became bound to DNA to similar extents (27 pmol/mg DNA and 25 pmol/mg DNA), as did 7‐methylbenz(a)anthracene (25 pmol/mg DNA) although it is a less active compound. Dibenz‐(a,h) anthracene, another moderately active hydrocarbon, became bound to DNA to the extent of 15 pmol/mg DNA, and the very weakly active compounds, benz(a)anthracene (2 pmol/mg DNA) and dibenz(a,c) anthracene (10 pmol/mg DNA) became bound to DNA to the lowest extents. Dibenz(a,h))anthracene differed from the other hydrocarbons in showing a maximum level of binding 72 h after treatment, compared with 19–24 h for the other compounds.
Serological identification of neoantigens on mouse fibroblasts which have undergone “spontaneous” malignant alteration in vitro
Authors: Willumsen Berthe Marie , Ulrich Kay , Kieler Jørgen 
Published: February 2007

AbstractST‐L1 is a cell line established from lung explants from a normal ST/a mouse. The ST‐L1 cells have undergone spontaneous malignant alteration in vitro. The cells were rejected after inoculation into syngeneic immunocompetent hosts, and a syngeneic humoral immuneresponse against the ST‐L1 cells has been detected. The specificity of this humoral response was investigated. The syngeneic response to ST‐L1 was characterized by indirect immunofluorescence tests and by immunoprecipitation of radiolabelled cells and of a C‐type virus produced by the cell lines. The specific anti‐ST‐L1 reactivities were found to be directed against the envelope glycoprotein of an endogenous C‐type virus expressed by the antigenic cell line.
Tumor metastases and cell‐mediated immunity in a model system in DBA/2 mice. I. Tumor invasiveness in vitro and metastasis formation in vivo
Authors: Schirrmacher V. , Shantz G. , Cauer K. , Komitowski D. , Zimmermannn H.‐P. , Lohmann‐Matthes M.‐L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA syngeneic model system for the study of tumor metastases and cell‐mediated immunity is described. The system consists of two related, chemically induced murine lymphomas, the non‐metastasizing parental line Eb and its metastasizing variant ESb. An unrelated, chemically induced tumor (MDAY) is included for specificity controls. Serological typing revealed that both Eb and ESb were of T lymphoid origin and expressed the H‐2K and H‐2D molecules of the host strain DBA/2. By various electron microscope techniques, morphological differences were observed between the two cell lines. In comparison to Eb cells, ESb tumor cells had a more polymorphic nucleus with many in vagi‐nations of the nuclear envelope and a more prominent expression of microvilli on the cell surface. An in vitro organ culture test for tumor invasiveness, presented here for the first time in a syngeneic murine system, revealed that ESb but not Eb tumor cells had the ability to attach to and invade normal tissue. Accordingly, ESb tumor cells showed higher malignancy in vivo. This was apparent from their higher tumorigenicity and their ability to disseminate and metastasize and to kill recipient mice more quickly. Upon histological examination of the local primary tumors a striking difference was noticed with regard to the degree of infiltration by host‐derived mononuclear cells, mostly histiocytes. The non‐metastasizing tumor Eb was heavily infiltrated while tumor ESb contained only a few of these cells. The differences between the tumor lines ESb and Eb are considered in the light of their possible relevance for metastases in general. The etiology of the two tumors is discussed in particular with respect to their relatedness.
Tumor metastases and cell‐mediated immunity in a model system in DBA/2 mice.: Iv. Antigenic differences between a metastasizing variant and the parental tumor line revealed by cytotoxic T lymphocytes
Authors: Schirrmacher V. , Bosslet K. , Shantz G. , Clauer K. , Hijbsch D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe syngeneic cytotoxic T‐cell response against a metastasizing murine lymphoma variant was investigated and compared with the response against the non‐metastasizing parental tumor line Eb. Anti‐tumor cytotoxicity was not detectable in a 4‐h 51Cr release assay in spleens taken directly from tumor‐bearing animals (primary CMC). After restimulation in vitro (secondary CMC) however, high anti‐tumor cytotoxic activity was detected. This activity was mediated by immune T lymphocytes as shown by its sensitivity to treatment with anti‐Thy 1.2 serum and complement. Ten cells of the metastasizing tumor ESb, inoculated subcutaneously, were sufficient to raise a local tumor and metastases and to induce cytotoxic T memory cells in the spleens. In contrast, about 104 cells were required to raise a local tumor and to induce splenic cytotoxic T memory cells, when the parental tumor Eb was tested. The specificity studies of the anti‐tumor cytotoxic activity demonstrated that cytotoxic T cells could distinguish unrelated, chemically induced syngeneic tumors and also recognize antigenic differences between the parental tumor Eb and its variant ESb. Eb and ESb tumor cells were recognized as carrying distinct antigens at the responder cell level, the stimulator cell level and the target cell level. The in vivo significance of these findings is discussed.
Circulating immune complexes and prognosis in human malignant lymphoma, a prospective study
Authors: Heier Hans Erik , Landaas Tone Ø. , Marton Per F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSera from 53 patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD) and 56 patients with non‐Hodgkin malignant lymphoma (NH) were investigated, prior to treatment, for the presence of circulating immune complexes (CIC) by the 125l‐C1q‐binding radio‐assay. The patients were then followed for 14–31 months. No significant association was found between the presence of CIC and achievement of complete remission in any of the groups. In none of the groups could a difference be found between the survival rates of patients with and without CIC in their sera prior to treatment. About half of the patients were retested for the presence of CIC after completion of initial therapy. No significant association was found between the presence of post‐treatment CIC and lack of complete remission in any of the patient groups. In the HD group, both pre‐and post‐treatment CIC appeared to be most frequent among patients over 50 years. No such association was found in the NH group.
Cell surface glycoprotein analysis: A diagnostic tool in human leukemias
Authors: Andersson Leif C. , Gahmberg Carl G. , Shmes Martti A. , Teerenhovi Lasse , Vuopio Pekka 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe have radiolabelled surface glycoproteins of different types of leukemic cell. The labelled proteins were separated by polyacrylamide slab gel electrophoresis and visualized by fluorography. Surface glycoprotein patterns discriminatory for acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) were found. We conclude that the analysis of the surface glycoprotein profile provides a useful method for the classification of leukemic cells according to cell type and stage of differentiation.
Burkitt's lymphoma in Ghana: Urban‐rural distribution, time—space clustering and seasonality
Authors: Biggar Robert J. , Nkrumah Francis K. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEpidemiological data are summarized from 236 cases of Burkitt's lymphoma (>90% cytologically or histologically confirmed) seen from 1970 through 1975 at Korle Bu Hospital, Accra, Ghana. The rate of referral from rural areas was greater than that from urban areas, despite a probable bias toward referral from urban areas. The distribution of cases in Ghana appeared to be non‐random but we attribute this to variable access to medical care and physician interest. Rainfall did not appear to be an important factor. Seasonal variation and time—space clustering were not observed. The incidence here seems lower than that reported in East Africa. We found no evidence of an environmental influence with a short incubation period, as has been postulated for this disease in East Africa. The higher risk among rural patients is consistent with severe malaria being a factor in the etiology of Burkitt's lymphoma.