bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Low-cost Method of Fabricating Parylene-SU-8 Micro-nanofluidic Chip by Thermal Nanoimprint and Multilayer Compositing
Authors: Sun Lei , Yin Zhifu , Guo Ran 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

A new fabrication of micro-nano fluidic chips by thermal nanoimprint and multilayer compositing is proposed. The nano-channels with different aspect ratios were first manufactured by thermal nanoimprinting and Parylene layer coating, and the effect of parylene layer thickness on aspect ratio is studied. Then SU-8 layers with the micro channels and liquid reservoirs were superposed by ultraviolet exposure and secondary bonding to form a multilayer micro-nano fluidic chip. By optimizing the bonding parameters, a Parylene-SU-8 micro-nano fluidic chip with 200 μm wide and 8 μm deep micro-channels, cross-linked with 78 nm wide and 288 nm deep nano-channels was constructed, of which the maximum bonding strength is 0.92 MPa. This method has the advantages of simple process and low cost, which is suitable for mass manufacturing of micro-nano fluidic chips.
Internet use behavior analysis of international medical students in China
Authors: Zhao Yun-Hua , Liu Li-Hua , Bao Guo-Zhen , Cui Yan-Hua , Sun Ping , Yang Xiao-Lin , Lu Wei 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
China is a popular destination for international students, and proper utilization of Internet-based resources is important for international student development. However, there is a dearth of research on the Internet use behavior of international medical students. Therefore, to provide student-centered Internet services in China, it is necessary to investigate the Internet use behaviors of international medical students at different academic levels, analyze the features of their Internet-based information needs, and discuss their Internet-based behavioral preferences and online time.
Methods
This study involved an online survey of 151 international medical students at Dalian Medical University using the WJX.cn platform. The participants were grouped into three according to their academic levels: undergraduate, master’s, and doctoral students. A Chi-square test was performed to analyze Internet use behaviors at different academic levels.
Results
This study included 22 doctoral students (15%), 12 master’s students (8%), and 117 undergraduates (77%). Of them, 118 (78.1%) were Asian, 27 (17.9%) were African, and 6 (4.0%) were European, American, and Oceanian. Sixty-two (41.1%) and 89 (58.9%) participants were males and females, respectively. No statistically significant difference was observed in the Internet tools or locations utilized by students at different academic levels, and most participants used the Internet to obtain literature resources.
Conclusion
This study found that international medical students at higher academic levels had stronger learning needs. Furthermore, different academic groups had different Internet use behaviors and online time.
Resampled Correlation-Based Feature Descriptors: A Novel Approach to Enhancing Malware Detection Capabilities
Authors: Dodoo Albert Ankomah , Koranteng Michael , Amissah Daniel Kwame , Appati Justice Kwame 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The study addresses the pressing need for improved malware detection in cybersecurity, leveraging a novel approach that combines deep learning with feature selection techniques. By analyzing network traffic patterns, the research aims to distinguish between benign and malicious activities, crucial for protecting networks and devices from cyber threats. Through training and evaluating Dense and LSTM neural network models on extensive malware datasets, the study demonstrates a significant enhancement in detection accuracy, surpassing previous methodologies by 0.98%. This innovative method not only provides valuable insights for developers but also contributes to advancing the capabilities of malware detection systems, ultimately bolstering cybersecurity defenses against evolving threats.
Efficient Image Data Compression Techniques: A Comprehensive Review and Comparative Study
Authors: Guntuboina Venkata Sankirtana , Srivast Nishtha 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This research paper thoroughly analyzes image compression methods, covering various types of images encountered in diverse applications such as broadcasting, remote sensing, communication, and medical imaging. The paper emphasizes the significance of efficient image compression as data generation escalates, requiring the transmission and storage of vast amounts of digital image information. The study delves into their underlying compression algorithms, aiming to balance high compression rates and image quality preservation. While these techniques strive to maintain image originality, they may introduce artifacts and distortions, necessitating the exploration of corrective measures. The paper proposes a recommended general method for image compression tailored to meet the specific demands and characteristics of different image types and applications. By offering valuable insights into image compression, strengths and limitations of existing techniques, and a practical compression approach, this research contributes significantly to the field. It serves as a valuable guideline for practitioners and researchers in various image compression domains.
The Test-retest Reliability of a Body Posture Literacy Questionnaire Among Polish Teachers From Different Educational Levels
Authors: Labecka Marta Kinga , Jankowicz-Szymańska Agnieszka , Plandowska Magdalena , Olszewska Elżbieta , Rajabi Reza 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
To develop a reliable and valid Teachers’ Body Posture Literacy Questionnaire (TBPLQ) to examine their body posture knowledge. The tool was based on a Parents Body Posture Literacy Questionnaire (PBPLQ) and modified and validated through discussion with experts which were conducted in two rounds. Corrective gymnastics, physiotherapy, ergonomics, physical education (PE) experts and doctoral and postdoctoral scholars evaluated content validity. Test-retest repeatability was tested using Cohen's kappa coefficient. The study used a convenience sample of 195 teachers from 3 different educational levels: PE, kindergarten, and primary education in two rounds of test-retest. The initial round encompassed 95 participants, with pre-test and post-test procedures applied using the original TBPLQ. Subsequently, the second round involved 100 participants and followed a similar approach, incorporating modifications to the TBPLQ based on the reliability outcomes observed in the first round. The results of the first-round test–retest TBPLQ reliability, with 95 samples resulted in an overall reliability of 0.77 (range 0.02 to 1). This indicated that the questionnaire still lacks sufficient reliability. Consequently, after the necessary amendments and modifications, the questionnaire’s reliability was tested for the second time with 100 samples. Notably, the overall reliability of 0.82 (ranging from 0.50 to 1) was established for the TBPLQ indicating that 87.5% of the questionnaire items achieved reliability scores within the substantial and almost perfect range and only 12.5% of the items attained moderate reliability scores. The questionnaire is a new self-report measure, reliable and relevant to effectively evaluating teachers' literacy in postural health that can be applicable in both research and practical contexts, extending its use to larger and more diverse populations.
Adherence to Clinic Appointments and Medication Among Patients Accessing Mental Health Clinics in Lilongwe, Malawi
Authors: Mekani Paul , Mugomeri Eltony , Mbuba Calorine , Mbakaya Balwani Chingatichifwe 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background: Individuals who are nonadherent to treatment have higher rates of symptom recurrence, higher rates of hospital readmission and poorer quality of life. Nkhoma Mission Hospital (NMH) in the central region of Malawi has been integrating mental health within the existing services to ensure that the services are accessible to people. The purpose of the study was to investigate the prevalence and factors of nonadherence to appointments and medication among patients with mental illness.
Design and methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted at Nkhoma Mission Hospital. A survey approach and total population sampling were used. The MARS score was used to assess medication adherence. Associations of alcohol use, insight, and stigma with medication adherence were established using the AUDIT, BIRCHWOOD and ISMI scales, respectively.
Results: The prevalence of nonadherence to clinic appointments and medication was 64% (n=58) and 46.2%, respectively. Females were 4.7 times more likely to miss clinic appointments than males were (B =-1.555, Exp (B)=0.221, p=0.029), Protestant Christians were 5 times more likely to miss clinic appointments (B = 5.176, p=0.034), clients who were not married were 15 times more likely not to adhere to clinic appointments (B=2.722, Exp(B)=25.12, p=0.002), and clients who visited a mobile clinic were more likely to miss appointments (B =-1.762, Exp (B)=0.172, p=0.020). Patients who had been on medication for less than 2 years had significantly lower adherence to medication (B=-1.631, t=-2.053, p=0.043); patients whose occupation involved farming had lower adherence to medication (B=-1.541, t=-2.057, p=0.043); and psychotic patients had greater adherence to medication than nonpsychotic patients did (B=1.753, t=2.041, p=0.044).
Conclusion: It is important to address the factors that influence nonadherence to clinic appointments and medication to avoid relapse.
Spirituality as predictor of well-being at work in the moroccan context
Authors: MAKKAOUI Mohamed , HANNOUN Fatima-zahra , OUAZIZI Khalid , RIZZO Amelia , ALI Driss AIT , CHERQUI Abdelhalim , KHABBACHE Kaoutar , YILDIRIM Murat , BAHRAMIZADEH Mahmood , BULUT Sefa , SZARPAK Łukasz , PRUC Michal , BATRA Kavita , CHIRICO Francesco , KHABBACHE Hicham 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The aim of this research was to analyze the relationship between spirituality at work and employees' psychological well-being in the Moroccan context. The sample consisted of 1109 employees (57.8% men). The research was descriptive in nature and quantitative in approach. In terms of data analysis, the study used descriptive statistics and correlations to achieve its objectives. For data collection, an anagraphic sheet, the Spirituality at work (Ashmos & Duchon, 2000) and the Psychological well-being (Ryff et al 2007) were administered online. In view of the results observed, spirituality at work correlates positively with well-being at work, demonstrating that the more the dimensions of spirituality at work stand out, the more place and impact well-being at work will have. The meaning of work proved to be one of the most important factors and a strong link was found between a sense of community and employee well-being.
Functionality of water supply handpumps in sub-Saharan Africa: a review of data from Cameroon (Central Africa)
Authors: Mvongo Victor Dang , Defo Celestin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This review presents updated and expanded handpump functionality estimates for 310 councils in the ten regions of Cameroon. Overall, the study estimates that the number of handpumps used as the main source of drinking water supply in Cameroon is 20,572, of which 9,113 are installed in protected hand dug wells (wells) and 11,459 in boreholes. Our findings suggest that about one in three handpumps in Cameroon is nonfunctional, which in 2022 was roughly equivalent to 6,724 inoperative water points. According to this estimate, it is about 44.8 billion CFA francs, or 66.8 million USD, was invested in the construction of water points that are immobilized and do not generate any benefit. The review has found that the community-based management of handpump water supply seems not to have given the expected results. Further, there are questions in relation to the quality of handpump material and the corrosion of handpumps which have not been sufficiently taken into account in the various research projects in Cameroon and Sub-Saharan Africa. Finally, the implementation of post-construction monitoring, physical audits, and handpump rehabilitation campaigns could shed light on these issues in order to improve the performance of handpumps.
An Analysis of Metabolic Conditions and Current Therapeutic Approaches: A Systematic Review
Authors: Trivedi Hetvi , Fayaz Omar , Korban Christopher , Chung Christian 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This review rigorously investigates the evolving pharmacological landscape for metabolic disorders, focusing on Phenylketonuria (PKU), Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), Galactosemia, Medium Chain Acyl CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency (MCADD), and Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS). Adhering to PRISMA guidelines, we meticulously searched databases such as NHS, Rare Diseases, Pubchem, Clinical Trials, DrugBank, PubMed, and Mayo Clinic, spanning from January 2000 to December 2023. Our objective was to evaluate the efficacy and potential of both FDA-approved drugs and those in clinical trials. The review revealed significant advancements in the treatment of disorders like PKU, with drugs like Kuvan facilitating improved metabolic functioning. In IBD, treatments have progressed to specifically target inflammatory pathways using drugs like Azathioprine and Mesalazine, shifting away from broader immunosuppressants. Galactosemia and MCADD, disorders without definitive cures, have shown potential in clinical trials with investigational drugs like AT-007 and Triheptanoin. Particularly intriguing are the ongoing trials for PWS, a complex syndrome, where Oral NNZ-2591 and Oxytocin demonstrate promising potential. These findings highlight the critical importance of specialized treatment strategies, tailored to address the unique metabolic challenges posed by each disorder. The diverse nature of these disorders necessitates a multifaceted approach, combining current scientific knowledge with innovative drug development. This study not only contributes to a better understanding of existing treatments but also emphasizes the need for continued research and development to uncover more effective and personalized therapeutic options for managing these varied metabolic disorders.
Polyglandular Syndrome Type 1 Complicated with Dilated Cardiomyopathy: A Case Report
Authors: Abidi Syed Ali Raza , Rasheed Faizan , Reddy Ram Prasanjith , Vadakkan Reshmi Francis , Khan Afrasayab , Doddereddy Navya Pillikunte , Quadri Afreen , Younas Salma 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The autoimmune polyglandular syndrome (APS) is a rare recessive inherited syndrome that presents a discrete pattern of endocrine abnormalities. There are 3 types of APS: type 1, type 2, and type 3. The rarest type is type 1 acute polyglandular syndrome. Type 1 polyglandular syndrome targets endocrine and nonendocrine tissues in an autoimmune-destructive process. Our case report is about a 27-year-old male who came with complaints of fever, dysarthria, and dysphagia and presented with oral candidiasis and nail dystrophy, along with complaints of alopecia since he was 7 years old, progressively worsening with time. In the following year, he was diagnosed with hypoparathyroidism and dilated cardiomyopathy. Laboratory results display hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia, low Parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels suggestive of hypoparathyroidism, and serum morning cortisol levels in the normal range-these features of mucocutaneous candidiasis and hypoparathyroidism contribute to the diagnosis of APS-1. The non-contrast Computed tomography (CT) scan of the brain revealed a unique finding: bilateral symmetrical calcifications, including subcortical white matter in the frontal, parietal, temporal lobes, and basal ganglia. He was treated with oral calcium, an antifungal oral suspension, and managed conservatively for dilated cardiomyopathy with beta-blockers, angiotensin receptor/neprilysin inhibitor (ARNi), and diuretics. At the same time, dysphagia and dysarthria settled after the resolution of candidiasis. This case of a rare disease brings knowledge about the discrete manifestations of APS type 1.
Minimally Invasive Cervical Lymph Node Excision With Ultrasound-guided Tracer Injection and Intraoperative Use of a Portable Gamma Camera: a Case Report
Authors: Montero Javier Arredondo , Ruiz Maria Rodríguez , Miguelez Ana Isabel Sevilla 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Despite the support of intraoperative conventional radiological techniques, such as ultrasonography (US), the correct surgical identification of specific lymph nodes can be complex. New techniques have emerged in recent years, although their use in the paediatric population is marginal. We report the case of a patient with suspected lymphoproliferative syndrome and a previous non-diagnostic excisional cervical lymph node biopsy in which, after injection of a US-guided tracer into the lymph node with the highest SUV on the PET-CT study, it was identified and was completely excised with the support of a surgical gamma probe and a portable gamma camera. This procedure appears to be a safe and technically feasible in the pediatric population.
MakeComp4School
Authors: Maurer Björn 
Published: April 2024

Das Anliegen des vorliegenden Beitrags besteht in der Konzeptionierung und Fortentwicklung eines Kompetenzrahmens für Maker Education in der Volksschule. Der Kompetenzrahmen mit dem Arbeitstitel «MakeComp4School» soll Lehrpersonen als Grundlage für die Auswahl und Planung von Making-Aktivitäten im Unterricht dienen. Er soll insbesondere die Anschlussfähigkeit der Maker Education an schulische Curricula erhöhen und aufzeigen, dass schulisches Making geeignet ist, um fachliche und überfachliche Kompetenzen im Sinne der bildungspolitischen Rahmenbedingungen (in diesem Fall der nationale Lehrplan21 in der Schweiz) zu entwickeln. Zudem sollen Lehrpersonen mit «MakeComp4School» ein Instrument erhalten, mit dem sie den Kompetenzerwerb ihrer Schüler:innen im Bereich Making sichtbar machen und würdigen können. Mit dem Blick auf aktuelle gesellschaftliche Entwicklungen und Herausforderungen unter den Vorzeichen einer Kultur der Digitalität (Stalder 2016) liegt ein Schwerpunkt des Kompetenzrahmens auf der transversalen Leitidee einer Nachhaltigen Entwicklung (NE) und bezieht auch – sofern mit den Anliegen der Maker Education kompatibel – Kompetenzbereiche einer Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung (BNE) ein. Entstehungskontext des Kompetenzrahmens ist das Forschungsprojekt «Making Packages für kompetenzorientiertes Lernen», das in Kooperation der Ostschweizer Fachhochschule (OST), der Pädagogischen Hochschule St. Gallen (PHSG) sowie der Pädagogischen Hochschule Thurgau (PHTG) mit dem Wirtschaftspartner Bischoff AG durchgeführt wird. In diesem Projekt ist der Making-Kompetenzrahmen die Grundlage für die Entwicklung und Kuratierung von Making-Aktivitäten, die Lehrpersonen künftig auf einer OER-Webplattform angeboten werden.
Anerkannte Regeln der medizinischen Wissenschaften und Berufspflichten bei der NaP-Verschreibung
Authors: Gächter Thomas , Truong Thuy Xuan 
Published: April 2024

Die Abgabe des Sterbemittels Natrium-Pentobarbital (NaP) erfordert eine ärztliche Verschreibung, die sich an den «anerkannten Regeln der medizinischen Wissenschaften» zu orientieren hat. In der Schweiz existieren zwar die Richtlinien «Sterben und Tod» zu ethischen Aspekten der Suizidbegleitung und der NaP-Verschreibung, die von der SAMW verfasst und von der FMH ins Standesrecht überführt worden sind. Anerkannte medizinische Regeln zur Verschreibung von NaP bestehen jedoch nicht. Es ist deshalb nach wie vor umstritten, ob Ärztinnen und Ärzte, die ausserhalb des Anwendungsbereichs der SAMW-Richtlinien «Sterben und Tod» NaP verschreiben, juristisch korrekt handeln. Die für die Ärzteschaft daraus entstehende Unsicherheit sollte vom Gesetzgeber beseitigt werden.
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La délivrance de Natrium-Pentobarbital (NAP), médicament utilisé pour pratiquer l'euthanasie, nécessite une prescription médicale dans la mesure admise par la science. En Suisse, les directives Attitude face à la fin de vie et à la mort, élaborées par l'ASSM (Académie Suisse des Sciences Médicales), qui traitent des questions éthiques de l'assistance au suicide et de la prescription de NAP, ont été transposées dans le Code de déontologie par la FMH (Foederatio Medicorum Helveticorum). Il n'existe cependant aucune règle médicale contraignante et reconnue permettant d'encadrer la prescription de NAP. La question de savoir si les médecins qui prescrivent du NAP en dehors du champ d'application des directives de l'ASSM agissent correctement sur le plan juridique demeure donc controversée. Il incombe ainsi au législateur de lever l'incertitude juridique dans laquelle se trouve le corps médical.
Case report: Systemic granulomatous disease with vasculitis in a bull due to hairy vetch (Vicia villosa) toxicosis
Authors: Ilha Marcia R.S. , Hawkins Ian K. , Jones A. Lee 
Published: April 2024

A 5-year-old Angus bull presented for generalized alopecia, thickened pleated skin and profuse malodorous watery diarrhea. This bull, along with 6 other beef bulls, had been grazing in a pasture containing hairy vetch (Vicia villosa) for 5-6 months. Diagnostic samples included blood for CBC and chemistry, skin biopsy and scrapings, fecal sample and liver biopsy. Biopsy of skin revealed a chronic, moderate, perivascular and perifollicular, eosinophilic to histiocytic-lymphocytic dermatitis with moderate acanthosis and hyperkeratosis indicative of an ongoing hypersensitivity reaction. The bull did not respond to treatment and was euthanized due to poor prognosis. At necropsy, disseminated systemic granulomatous disease with variable numbers of multinucleated giant cells and eosinophils was observed in multiple organs indicative of systemic granulomatous disease, along with vasculitis in the kidney, liver, and adrenal gland, indicative that vasculitis is involved in the pathogenesis of the lesions. Viral diseases were ruled out by immunohistochemistry of sections of kidney and by in situ hybridization on kidney sections. CD3, CD20, and CD79a lymphocyte markers immunostaining of sections of kidney revealed predominance of CD3 positive lymphocytes, indicative of predominance of T-cell lymphocytes supporting a type-IV hypersensitivity. The vasculitis observed prompted formulating a list of differential diagnoses for infectious diseases that have evidence of vasculitis, including bovine virus diarrhea virus and malignant catarrhal fever. Vasculitis, although previously described in cases of hairy vetch poisoning, is not observed in every single case of the disease. The remaining bulls were not removed from the pasture and none developed clinical signs.
Performance indicators and analytic hierarchy process to evaluate water supply services management in Algeria
Authors: Boukhari Sofiane , Mrad Dounia , Dairi Sabri 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

The provision of an efficient water supply service (WSS) is crucial for the well-being of citizens and the sustainability of cities. This study aims to evaluate the performance of WSS using the results of a household survey and the ranking of performance indicators (PIs) by the analytic hierarchy process method. The methodology developed was tested for the case of the city of Taoura (Algeria). A survey was carried out among 340 residents of the city. The survey results showed that the majority of respondents (70%) were relatively dissatisfied with the quantity of water provided and 67% of households surveyed rated the quality of service as poor. Then, the performance was evaluated according to 5 decision criteria and 20 PIs. The results of the evaluation of the relative weights of the criteria are as follows: the ‘Financial and economic’ criterion plays the most important role, with a relative weight of 38.61%, followed by the ‘Operational’ criterion (24.7%) and the criterion ‘Physics’ (17.32%). The methodology used in this study can be a reliable tool for evaluating the performance of WSS in developing countries.