bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Mössbauer Study of the Photolysis of Bis- and Tris-oxalato Iron(III) Complexes in a Solid, Solutions, and Frozen Solutions
Authors: Sato Haruo , Tominaga Takeshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The photolytic reactions of bis- and tris-oxalato iron(III) complexes in a solid, solutions, and frozen solutions were studied by means of 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy. An iron(II) species was observed as a metastable intermediate product in the photolysis of tris(oxalato) ferrate(III) in a solid and solutions. A mechanism with a sequence of iron(II) intermediates was tentatively proposed for the photolysis and subsequent reactions in this compound. The Mössbauer technique was also used to examine whether or not tris(oxalato)ferrate(III) was diluted uniformly with diamagnetic substances in the mixed crystals and frozen solutions.
Chemiionization of Excited Mercury Atom with 253.7 nm Irradiation in the Presence of N2 and CH4
Authors: Sibata Akiko , Takahasi Makoto , Mikuni Hitoshi , Horiguchi Hiroyuki , Tsughiya Soji 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Chemiionization of excited mercury atom with 253.7 nm irradiation was studied. Results on the system Hg–N2 previously reported were further confirmed. It was found that CH4 can also induce chemiionization of Hg atoms with 253.7 nm irradiation. The dependence of ionization current on CH4 pressure and light intensity was investigated, the ionization current being found to be proportional to the square of light intensity and to increase with increase in CH4 pressure up to 30 Torr, reaching a constant value. N2 and CH4 are considered to show a similar behavior in ionization current against pressure and light intensity, and other substances such as H2, He, CO, NO, Ar, C2H4, and 1-butene to give no appreciable ionization current. Thus the mechanism in which chemiionization proceeds through the collision of Hg(3P1) with Hg(3P0) is further confirmed.
Layered Compounds. LIX. Facile Syntheses and Spectral Properties of [3.3]Cyclophanes and Related Cyclophanes
Authors: Otsubo Tetsuo , Kitasawa Masashi , Misumi Soichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A simple synthetic method of [3.3]cyclophanes via dithia[4.4]cyclophanes is presented. The spectra of a variety of cyclophanes were examined and compared to those of [2.2]analogues. It was concluded from the absorption spectra that the transannular π-π interactions of the cyclophanes were strongly dependent on both ring-to-ring distance and overlapping mode. From the emission spectra, it was described that cyclophanes of parallel sandwich type formed easily normal excimers, whereas [2.2]metacyclophane and [2.2]- and [3.3]metaparacyclo-phanes formed strained excimers showing marked red shifts of fluorescence bands.
Rate and Mechanism of the Complex Formation of Thallium(III) with 4-(2-Pyridylazo)resorcinol (PAR) in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Funada Ryuichi , Imamura Taira , Fujimoto Masatoshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The kinetics of complex formation of Tl(III) with PAR (LH3+) was studied in aqueous solution at 25 °C, [H+]=0.1–1.0 mol dm−3, and ionic strength I=2.0 mol dm−3 (NaClO4). The formation rate constants k1 and k2 assigned to the reactions of Tl+3 and TlOH2+ with LH3+ were determined to be 4.1×104 and 1.8×105 mol−1 dm3 s−1, respectively. The rate data were discussed in comparison with those for Tl(III)–Semi-Xylenol Orange system.
The Crystal and Molecular Structure of an Isomer of Dibromoperylenes
Authors: Uchida Tokiko , Kozawa Kozo , Nagao Yukinori , Misonoo Takahisa 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Of two isomers of dibromoperylene, the one possessing the higher melting point has been determined to be 3,9-dibromoperylene from the X-ray diffractometer data. The crystals are monoclinic, with a space group of P21/a, a=15.238, b=11.826, c=3.928 Å, β=95.53°, Dm=1.90, Dx=1.94 g cm−3, and Z=2. The structure was solved by the heavy-atom method. The final R value was 0.090 for 931 reflections.
Synthesis of a Protected Hexadecapeptide Corresponding to Positions 1–16 of Human Lysozyme
Authors: Yoshimura Shoko , Izumi Kunitatsu , Shimonishi Yasutsugu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
For a semi-synthesis of human lysozyme by coupling its natural fragment with synthetic peptides, a protected hexadecapeptide corresponding to positions 1–16 of the enzyme was constructed from three protected peptide fragments (V, IX, and XII) by the conventional method in pure state on the basis of analyses.
Restricted Rotation Involving the Tetrahedral Carbon. XXV. Barriers to Exchange between dl and meso Forms of 9-(Arylmethyl)triptycenes
Authors: Kono Motomichi , Kihara Hiroshi , Nakamura Nobuo , Suzuki Fumio , \={O}ki Michinori 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Barriers to exchange between dl and meso forms via rotation about the C9–Csubst bond of 9-(arylmethyl)-1,4-dimethoxytriptycenes are obtained by the use of the methoxyl signals in the 1H NMR spectra. It is found that, although the population ratios are affected by the substituent in the 9 position, the enthalpy of activation for the rotation is almost invariant at ca. 10 kcal/mol.
Structure of Alnustic Acid, a New Secodammarane-type Triterpenic Acid from Alnus sieboldiana
Authors: Suga Takayuki , Aoki Tadashi , Hirata Toshifumi , Aoki (née Sukemiya) Keiko , Asakawa Yoshinori 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A novel C31 3,4-secodammarane-type triterpenoid, alnustic acid, was isolated from the male flowers of Alnus sieboldiana Matsum. (Betulaceae). Its structure was elucidated to be (12R,20S)-12,20-dihydroxy-24-methylene-3,4-secodammar-4(28)-en-3-oic acid by a combination of chemical and spectroscopic methods.
Synthesis of 8- and 10-Methyl-substituted 8,9,10,11-Tetrahydro-7H-cycloocta[de]naphthalenes and Their 9-Oxo Derivatives
Authors: Kamada Toshihiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A novel and convenient method for the synthesis of the 8,9,10,11-tetrahydro-7H-cycloocta[de]naphthalene ring system is described. Reaction of diethyl acetonedicarboxylate and 1,8-bis(bromomethyl)naphthalene gave the eight-membered pericyclized compound, diethyl 9-oxo-8,9,10,11-tetrahydro-7H-cycloocta[de]naphthalene-8,10-dicarboxylate, which was then converted, through several steps, into various kinds of 8- and 10-methyl-substituted 8,9,10,11-tetrahydro-7H-cycloocta[de]naphthalenes and their 9-oxo derivatives, as well as the unsubstituted compounds, 8,9,10,11-tetrahydro-7H-cycloocta[de] naphthalene and 8,9,10,11-tetrahydro-7H-cycloocta[de]naphthalen-9-one. The hydrocarbon, 8,8,10,10-tetramethyl-8,9,10,11-tetrahydro-7H-cycloocta[de]-naphthalene was prepared from 8,8,10,10-tetrakis(tosyloxymethyl)-8,9,10,11-tetrahydro-7H-cycloocta[de]naphthalene.
Molecular Structure of 5β,6β-Isopropylidenedioxy-15,16,17-trinorgrrayan-10(20)-ene-3,14-dione as Revealed by X-Ray Methods
Authors: Furusaki Akio , Gasa Shinsei , Matsumoto Takeshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The molecular structure of the title compound has been determined by means of the X-ray method. The A, B, and C rings take half-chair, chair, and chair conformations, respectively, while the heterocyclic ring is of envelope form.
Kinetics on the Formation and Transformation of Alkoxy-derived SrSiO3
Authors: Yamaguchi Osamu , Matsumoto Kenzo , Shimizu Kiyoshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A metastable modification of SrSiO3 was formed at 850–910 °C from mixed powders prepared by the alkoxy-method. Crystallization isotherms were best described by the first-order equation and the activation energy was determined as 130 kcal/mol. The kinetics on the transformation of metastable to stable SrSiO3 was also studied.
Crystal Distortion and Cation Distribution in the System La1⁄3NbO3–WO3
Authors: Torii Yasuyoshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
It has been found that WO3 is soluble in La1⁄3NbO3 up to ca. 35 mol %. The solid solutions showed an ordered perovskite structure. The orthorhombic distortion changes into a tetragonal one at 20 mol%. The temperature dependence of the tetragonality of typical samples has been examined and the nature of the tetragonal distortion discussed.
Vibration Spectra and Rotational Isomerism of Chain Molecules. VIII. 1-Chloro-, 1-Bromo-, and 1-Iodopentanes, and 1,4-Dichloro- and 1,4-Dibromobutanes
Authors: Matsuura Hiroatsu , Imazeki Shuji , Ogawa Yoshiki , Sakakibara Masaaki , Harada Issei , Shimanouchi Takehiko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The Raman and infrared spectra of 1-chloro-, 1-bromo, and 1-iodopentanes CH3(CH2)4X (X=Cl, Br, and I), and 1,4-dichloro- and 1,4-dibromobutanes X(CH2)4X (X=Cl and Br) were measured for the gaseous, liquid, glassy, and crystalline states. The normal coordinates were calculated for these molecules by the use of a consistent set of force constants. The rotational isomerism was studied by analyzing the spectra with reference to the results of the calculation. The study clarified the isomers present not only in the crystalline state but also in other states of aggregation. In the crystal, 1-chloro-, 1-bromo-, and 1-iodopentanes take the trans-trans-trans form and 1,4-dichloro- and 1,4-dibromobutanes take the gauche-trans-gauché form.
Synthesis of 4,8-Dimethyl-5,7-nonamethyleneazulene
Authors: Kurokawa Shinji , Anderson Arthur G 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The title compound has been prepared from 2,6-dimethyl-3,5-nonamethylenepyrylium perchlorate and from 1,2,6-trimethyl-3,5-nonamethylenepyridinium iodide in low yield by reaction with sodium cyclopentadienide. The UV, visible and PMR spectra of the title compound are correlated with the structure.
Reaction of Diazonium Salts with Transition Metals. II. Palladiumcatalyzed Arylation of Ethylene with Arenediazonium Salts
Authors: Kikukawa Kiyoshi , Nagira Kazuhiko , Terao Nobuyuki , Wada Fumio , Matsuda Tsutomu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Arylation of ethylene (7 atm) was carried out with various arenediazonium tetrafluoroborates (25 mmol) in the presence of bis(dibenzylideneacetone)palladium (0.5 mmol) and sodium acetate (75 mmol). Substituted styrenes were obtained in good yields (61–78%) under mild reaction conditions (1 h, room temperature) in a 1:1 mixture of acetone and dichloromethane, with some exceptions. Phenylbutenes, main by-products in dichloromethane, were presumed to form by the reaction of styrene with ethylene under catalysis of hydridopalladium species.
Diazotization of Aromatic Primary Amines of Weak Basicity. II. Reduction of Arenediazonium Salts with Alkylbenzene Derivatives
Authors: Takagishi Ikuo , Hashida Yoji , Matsui Kohji 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The diazonio group of arenediazonium salts derived from weakly basic amines were efficiently substituted by hydrogen with alkylbenzenes in sulfuric acid. Several types of evidence, including kinetic results and experiments to trap an intermediate, indicated that the reduction occurs via an aryl radical intermediate. In the reduction with toluene, analyses of by-products suggested a radical chain mechanism, which would involve a propagation cycle caused by electron transfer from the benzyl radical to the diazonio group.
Carbon-13 Chemical Shifts of Retinal Isomers and Their Schiff Bases as Models of Visual Chromophores
Authors: Inoue Yoshio , Tokitô Yasuo , Tomonoh Shigeki , Chûjô Riichiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Carbon-13 NMR spectra have been observed for 11- and 13-cis-retinals and their Schiff base linkage compounds with butylamine as a model compound of visual chromophore. The chemical shift changes on going from retinal to Schiff base. The changes in chemical shifts of polyene carbons were discussed in correlation with the changes of π-electron densities.
The Selective Elimination of Secondary Alkyl Group from Trialkylborane by the Successive Treatments with Anisole and Dimethyl Sulfoxide. A Supply of the Synthetic Intermediate for Primary Alkyl Derivatives
Authors: Masuda Yuzuru , Hoshi Masayuki , Arase Akira 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Secondary alkyl group of trialkylborane, derived from terminal olefin and borane, was selectively eliminated by the successive treatments with anisole and dimethyl sulfoxide. By the use of the resulting trialkylborane as the synthetic intermediate for primary alkyl derivatives, the contaminations of secondary alkyl derivatives were greatly reduced.
A Synthetic Route to 5-Aryl-2-oxazolidinone Derivatives
Authors: Tsujimoto Yuji , Kosaka Atsushi , Hayashi Mitsunori , Miyamoto Takuji , Odaira Yoshinobu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
5-Aryl-2-oxazolidinones have been synthesized readily by the elimination of dimethylamine from the corresponding (2-hydroxyethyl)ureas. The ureas are obtainable by the photoreaction of tetramethylurea with para-substituted benzaldehydes (Method A) or with para-substituted methyl benzoates (Method B). The electronic character of the substituent on the benzene ring determines which method is suitable for the preparation of (2-hydroxyethyl)ureas.
A Stereoselective Total Synthesis of Methyl α-Dl-Daunosaminide
Authors: Iwataki Isao , Nakamura Yasuo , Takahashi Koji , Matsumoto Takeshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Starting from crotonoyl chloride, methyl α-Dl-daunosaminide was synthesized through the cis hydroxylation of a key intermediate, 1,1-ethylenedioxy-4-hexen-3-one, followed by oximation, catalytic hydrogenation (Pt, AcOH), and treatment with MeOH/HCl.
Kinetics of Reaction of 4-Substituted ω-Bromo-1-acetonaphthones with Aniline in Methanol
Authors: Nadar P Ananthakrishna , Gnanasekaran C 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Rate constants have been measured for the reactions of 4-substituted ω-bromo-1-acetonaphthones with aniline in methanol at three temperatures. Arrhenius parameters, the enthalpies and the entropies of activation have been evaluated. The Hammett ρ value of 0.90 obtained at 40 °C indicates that a triangular transition state is more likely in this reaction.
Nitrogen 14 Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance Study of Several Condensed Ring Compounds
Authors: Hiyama Yukio , Maruizumi Takuya , Niki Eiji 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The 14N nuclear quadrupole resonance spectra of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, isatin(1H-indole-2,3-dione), and isatoic anhydride(2H-3,1-benzoxazine-2,4(1H)-dione) have been observed at room temperature by the nuclear double resonance method. The quadrupole coupling constants and the asymmetry parameters thus obtained were interpreted by the Townes and Dailey theory.
Photooxygenation Product of Dibenzo[a,j]perylene
Authors: Kajiwara Takashi , Fujisawa Shoji , Ohno Koichi , Harada Yoshiya 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The photooxygenation of dibenzo[a,j]perylene by visible light irradiation was studied spectroscopically. The structure of unstable photooxygenation product was deduced from spectroscopic data and results of MO calculations to be as 8,12b-endoperoxide of dibenzo[a,j]perylene. This endoperoxide released oxygen gradually at room temperature, recovering the original hydrocarbon. The activation energy for this dark reaction was determined to be 21.4±0.5 kcal/mol in benzene and 22.6±0.5 kcal/mol in ethanol.
Ultrasonic Velocity and Compressibility in Aqueous Solutions of Alkali Metal Chlorides
Authors: Uedaira Hisashi , Suzuki Yasuko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The ultrasonic velocity of aqueous solutions of alkali metal chlorides was measured by the use of the singaround technique at 0.5 and 1 mol kg−1 over the temperature range from 30 to 85 °C; compressibilities of the solutions were also determined. It was found that the ultrasound velocity versus temperature curves show a maximum, while the compressibility versus temperature ones show a minimum. Both maxima and minima appear at lower temperatures than that observed for pure water. The maximum shifted values were found for Na+ ion. The results were explained by the dynamic structure of the water around the ions.
Effect of Pressure on Iodine Complexes. I. Absorption Spectra of the Visible Iodine Bands with Diethyl Ether, Diethyl Sulfide, and Diethyl Selenide in Heptane
Authors: Sawamura Seiji , Taniguchi Yoshihiro , Suzuki Keizo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Absorption spectra of the visible I2 band of I2 complexes with Et2O, Et2S, and Et2Se in heptane have been measured up to 3300 bar at 25 °C. The equilibrium constants and volume changes accompanying complex formation, the molar extinction coefficients and the absorption maxima have been estimated. The volume changes were found comparable with those estimated from the X-ray data of the I2 complexes in the crystalline state. The enhancement of the molar extinction coefficient and the blue shift of the visible I2 band with increasing pressure have been established. The results suggest a decrease in the bond distance between an n-donor and I2, compared with the spectroscopic properties of the I2 complex at 1 bar. The decrease has been estimated as 0.008 nm with increasing pressure up to 3300 bar.
Vibrational Spectra and Normal Coordinate Calculations for Methyl-1-propynylmercury(II) and Its Deuterated Analogues
Authors: Imai Yoshika , Aida Koyo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Infrared spectra (4000–80 cm−1) of CH3HgC≡CCH3, CD3HgC≡CCH3, CH3HgC≡CCD3, and CD3HgC≡CCD3 have been obtained in carbon tetrachloride, carbon disulfide and benzene solutions, as well as in the solid state at liquid nitrogen temperature. Raman spectra (4000–0 cm−1) have also been recorded on benzene solutions and on solids at room temperature. Assignments for all the fundamentals have been made assuming C3v molecular symmetry. Normal coordinate calculations have been carried out in order to confirm the proposed assignments.
Phase Transformation of Iron Vanadium Sulfides at High Temperatures
Authors: Wada Hiroaki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The phase relations of iron vanadium sulfides with the atomic Fe: V ratios 3 : 2 and 71 : 29 were examined by the high-temperature DTA and X-ray measurements. It was found that the structure of iron vanadium sulfide changes gradually from a less symmetric form to a highly symmetric form with the increase in temperature. Two types of phase transformations by vacancy order-disorder were observed at temperatures above 800 °C. One was due to the intralayer disordering of metal vacancies: V3S4-type→Cd(OH)2-type (type Ia) or V3S4-type+NiAs-type→Cd(OH)2-type (type Ib) at T1. The other was due to the entirely interlayer disordering of metal vacancies: Cd(OH)2-type→NiAs-type (type II) at T2 (T2&gt;T1). The tentative phase diagram of iron vanadium sulfides with the atomic Fe: V ratio 3 : 2 was constructed on the basis of the DTA results.
Distribution of Alkylboranes in the Reaction of Norbornene and Cyclopentene with Borane–THF
Authors: Taniguchi Hiroaki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Systematic studies of the partial alkylation of diborane with norbornene and cyclopentene were carried out in THF and the equilibrium distribution of the borane derivatives was determined. Di-exo-norbornylborane was obtained in 71% yield with no mono-exo-norbornylborane as a by-product, under the conditions: initial ratio of norbornene to borane 2 : 1, temperature 0 °C and reaction time 1 h. Mono-exo-norbornylborane was obtained in 72–75% yield under the conditions: initial ratio of norbornene to borane 1 : 1, temperature 25 °C, and reaction time 48 h. In the dialkylborane [R2BH]2, norbornene and cyclopentene exhibit very different behavior during the course of equilibration reaction.
Sodium Methoxide Catalyzed Isomerization of Dimethyl 1-Oxo-cis-3a,7a-dihydroindene-3a,7a-dicarboxylates to Dimethyl 3-Oxo-1,7-indandicarboxylates
Authors: Uyehara Tadao , Miyakoshi Shoichi , Kitahara Yoshio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Treatment of dimethyl 1-oxo-cis-3a,7a-dihydroindene-3a,7a-dicarboxylates (A) with sodium methoxide in methanol gave particular dimethyl 3-oxo-1,7-indandicarboxylates (F). A multistep mechanism for the isomerization was proposed on the basis of the positional correlations between the dihydroindenones A and the corresponding isomers F. The isomerization seems to be initiated by the addition of a methoxide to the 1 position of the dihydroindenones A affording the cyclohexadienide anions (B), which cyclize to give dimethyl 1-oxo-cis-3a,7a-dihydroindene-3a,4-dicarboxylates (C). The dihydroindenones C become enolates (D), whose methoxycarbonyl group at the 3a position (E9) shifts to the 1 position of the enolates of F, (E), with the aid of aromatization. The same treatment of methyl 3-oxo-cis-3a,7a-dihydroindene-3a-carboxylates gave key information on the process for the isomerization of A.
Modifizierte Wichterle-Reaktion. Ein Weg zur Darstellung von 2-Cyclohexenonen und 1,4-Diketonen. Synthese von 4-Estren-3,17-dion und Dihydrojasmon
Authors: Kobayashi Makoto , Matsumoto Takeshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Während die Behandlung von 2-(3-Chlor-2-butenyl)-2-methylcyclohexanon mit konz. H2SO4 2,5-Dimethylbicyclo[3.3.1]non-2-en-9-on als Hauptprodukt ergab, wurde beim Erhitzen in HCO2H in Anwesenheit von HClO44a-Methyl-Δ1(8a)-2-octalon in 70 bis 98%-iger Ausbeute erhalten. Unter diesen Bedingungen reagierten andere α(Chlorbutenyl)ketone analog und lieferten die entsprechende Annelierungsprodukte in hohen bis mässigen Ausbeuten. Aus α-(2-Haloallyl)ketonen wurden 1,4-Diketone gewonnen. Als Anwendungsbeispiele wurden 4-Estren-3,17-dion und Dihydrojasmon synthetisiert.
Conformational Equilibria of 8-Alkyl-8,9,10,11-tetrahydro-7H-cycloocta[de]naphthalenes
Authors: Kamada Toshihiro , Yamamoto Osamu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The conformations of 8-methyl (4) and 8-ethyl-8,9,10,11-tetrahydro-7H-cycloocta[de]naphthalenes (5) have been studied on the basis of the NMR spectra. It was found that both compounds exist as an equilibrium mixture of the axial-boat (ab) and the equatorial-boat (eb) conformers in solution. The 1H spectra revealed that the boat conformations of all these isomers are somewhat in the distorted form due to the steric repulsion between the interior benzyl protons. The free-energy differences (−ΔG°) between the two isomers (ab\ightleftarrowseb) in 4 and 5 were calculated from the 13C spectra and found to be 0.09 and −0.07 kcal/mol, respectively. These results are discussed in terms of the structural and conformational features of the 8-membered pericyclized naphthalene ring and compared with the cyclohexane ring.
Catalytic Efficiency of Synthetic Micellar Catalysts Bearing a Mercapto Group as the Reaction Center
Authors: Murakami Yukito , Nakano Akio , Matsumoto Kiyoshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
In order to obtain a clue to understanding the micro-environmental effect on the reactivity of a mercapto group placed in a reaction center of enzymes, micellar surfactants bearing a mercapto group were synthesized and their catalytic activity in the degradation of p-nitrophenyl carboxylates was studied. N-Hexadecyl-Nα-glutaryl-l-cysteinamide (AM·Cys-1) has an ability to form anionic micelles in aqueous media. The catalytic activity of AM·-Cys-1 was compared with that of another synthetic surfactant, N-hexadecanoyl-l-cysteine (AM·Cys-2). These surfactants below their critical micelle concentrations markedly accelerated the degradation of several p-nitrophenyl carboxylates. On the contrary, the concentration - rate profiles for the degradation of p-nitrophenyl dodecanoate (PNPL) as catalyzed by the surfactants indicate that the reactivity of the mercapto group is reduced upon formation of the anionic micelles. The large rate retardation is primarily due to the decrease in concentration of the active thiolate anion. This was supported by the fact that the pKa values for mercapto groups of the anionic micelles, for which the carboxyl group acts as an anionic head, were increased by 0.8–1.6 pKa unit over those of the corresponding monomeric surfactants in the bulk phase. These surfactants showed profound reactivity even in a neutral pH region when mixed with cationic CTAB micelle. The electrostatic field effect provided by the cationic head of CTAB micelle seems to enhance the nucleophilicity of the mercapto group in the mixed micelles.