bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neuroprotective effects of atypical D1 receptor agonist SKF83959 are mediated via D1 receptor‐dependent inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase‐3β and a receptor‐independent anti‐oxidative action
Authors: Yu Yang , Wang Jing‐Ru , Sun Pei‐Hua , Guo Yang , Zhang Zhang‐Jin , Jin Guo‐Zhang , Zhen Xuechu 
Published: October 2007

Abstract3‐methyl‐6‐chloro‐7,8‐hydroxy‐1‐(3‐methylphenyl)‐2,3,4,5‐tetrahydro‐1H‐3‐benzazepine (SKF83959), a selective agonist for the putative phosphatidylinositol (PI)‐linked dopamine receptor (DAR), has been shown to possess potent anti‐Parkinson disease effects but produces less dyskinesia and motor fluctuation that are frequently observed in Parkinson disease drug therapies. The present study was designed to detect the neuroprotection of SKF83959 and its potential mechanism for the effect in cultured rat cortical cells. The presence of SKF83959 with a dose range of 0.1–30 μmol/L improved H2O2‐reduced cell viability in a dose‐dependent manner. The anti‐apoptotic action of SKF83959 was partially abolished by pre‐application of the D1 antagonist SCH23390 (30 μmol/L) and the PI 3‐kinase (PI 3‐K) inhibitor LY294002 but not by the MEK1/2 inhibitor PD98059 (30 μmol/L). Moreover, SKF83959 treatment significantly inhibited H2O2‐activated glycogen synthase kinase‐3β (GSK‐3β) which was associated with the drug’s neuroprotective effect, but this inhibition was attenuated by SCH23390 and a selective PI 3‐K inhibitor. Moreover, the application of either SKF83959 or a pharmacological inhibitor of GSK‐3β attenuated the inhibition by H2O2 on the expression of inducible NO synthase and production of NO. This indicates that D1‐like receptor, presumably PI‐linked D1 receptor, ‐mediated alteration of PI 3‐K/Akt/GSK‐3β pathway is involved in the neuroprotection by SKF83959. In addition, SKF83959 also effectively decreased the level of the lipid peroxidation and increased the activity of GSH‐peroxidase altered by H2O2. These results suggest that SKF83959 exerts its neuroprotective effect through both receptor‐dependent and independent mechanisms: Inhibition of GSK‐3β and consequently increasing the expression of inducible NO synthase via putative PI‐linked DAR; and its anti‐oxidative activity which is independent of DAR.
PERMANENT GENETIC RESOURCES: Cross‐family amplification: microsatellites isolated from Macropodidae are polymorphic in Potoroidae
Authors: DONALDSON F. R. , VERCOE P. E. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe superfamily Macropodoidea consists of two families — the Macropodidae and Potoroidae. Cross‐species amplification and polymorphism of microsatellite loci is widely recognized within the macropodid family; however, the success of macropodid loci in potoroid species has not been as widely published. In this study, we tested the amplification and polymorphism of 17 cross‐species microsatellite loci isolated from macropodids and potoroids in Bettongia lesueur (a potoroid). Success varied between loci and was not predicted by genetic distance from the species of isolation.
Isolation and characterization of microsatellite markers in black muntjac (Muntiacus crinifrons)
Authors: WU HAI‐LONG , MENG KAI , ZHU GUO‐PING 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe black muntjac (Muntiacus crinifrons) is a vulnerable species found in the mountains of eastern China, about which little is known. Here we develop 11 polymorphic microsatellite loci from a (CA)n‐enrichment library for the animal. In the analyses of 25 individuals sampled, unbiased expected heterozygosity levels varied from 0.686 to 0.876 and the number of alleles per locus varied from five to nine. Results that 11 microsatellite loci were highly polymorphic indicated that these markers are sufficiently powerful to address such questions as parentage, mating system and population genetic structure of M. crinifrons.
Beta SSR loci cross‐amplify in five Salsola taxa
Authors: McGRAY HEATHER G. , AYRES DEBRA R. , SLOOP CHRISTINA M. , LEE ALEX KIN 
Published: October 2007

AbstractWe investigated 20 previously developed Beta SSR markers for their utility in the cross‐genera amplification of five morphologically distinct invasive tumbleweed (Salsola) taxa. Of these markers, 17 loci had successful amplification within Salsola taxa. Six loci were polymorphic and were useful in confirming the presence of five genetically distinct Salsola taxa.
Isolation and characterization of 10 tetranucleotide microsatellite loci from the yellow‐streaked greenbul (Phyllastrephus flavostriatus) and cross‐species amplification in four closely related taxa
Authors: LOKUGALAPPATTI L. G. SAMPATH , FELDHEIM KEVIN A. , SELLAS ANNA B. , BOWIE RAURI C. K. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractWe describe the isolation of 10 tetranucleotide microsatellite loci from the yellow‐streaked greenbul using an enrichment protocol. All loci were highly variable with the number of alleles ranging from 8 to 13, and observed heterozygosity ranging from 0.652 to 0.870. All loci were in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium; however, loci Pfl12 and Pfl54 showed significant linkage disequilibrium. All 10 loci successfully amplified and were polymorphic in at least one of four related Phyllastrephus species. These loci should prove to be widely applicable to studies of phylogeography, hybridization and paternity in African greenbuls.
Identification of 11 polymorphic simple sequence repeat loci in the phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium pseudograminearum as a tool for genetic studies
Authors: SCOTT J. B. , CHAKRABORTY S. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractSimple sequence repeat (SSR) markers for Fusarium pseudograminearum with 2 to 3 bp repeat motifs were identified by screening the genome database of the related species Fusarium graminearum. Twelve SSRs amplified single loci in both F. graminearum and F. pseudograminearum. Forty F. pseudograminearum and six F. graminearum individual isolates were screened to determine levels of polymorphism, with all SSRs displaying three to 14 alleles across all isolates. Eleven SSRs were polymorphic across F. pseudograminearum isolates tested proving the usefulness of genome databases of closely related species in identifying genetic markers.
Fourteen microsatellite loci for the Chinese medicinal plant Epimedium sagittatum and cross‐species application in other medicinal species
Authors: XU YANQIN , LI ZUOZHOU , WANG YING 
Published: October 2007

Abstract Epimedium sagittatum is a well‐known medicinal plant as well as potential ground cover and ornamental plant. A total of 14 polymorphic microsatellite markers were developed for use in taxonomy, phylogenetics and conservation genetics. Markers were presented between two and eight alleles per locus. The observed heterozygosity (HO) and expected heterozygosity (HE) ranged from 0.03 to 0.81 and from 0.05 to 0.81, respectively. Cross‐amplification among other four medicinal species revealed promising results in three to six polymorphic loci. These microsatellite loci contributed to the limited number of useful markers currently available for E. sagittatum.
THERMOLUMINESCENCE AUTHENTICITY MEASUREMENTS ON CORE MATERIAL FROM THE BRONZE HORSE OF THE NEW YORK METROPOLITAN MUSEUM OF ART
Authors: ZIMMERMAN D. W. , YUHAS M. P. , MEYERS P. 
Published: October 2007

ABSTRACTSThe Bronze Horse of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, suspected in recent years of being a modern forgery, is shown by thermoluminescence to have been made in antiquity. Besides the standard thermoluminescence measurements, a new technique was used, utilizing single, highly radioactive grains of zircon separated from the core material of the horse. The zircon grains, because of their high radioactivities (100–200 ppm) and subsequent large internal alpha doses (60–170 krad), are negligibly affected by γ irradiations given to the horse during previous examination. The results show the horse was made 2000 to 4000 years ago, consistent with a work of classical antiquity.
A SYSTEMATIC APPROACH TO THE DEFINITION OF SOURCES OF RAW MATERIAL
Authors: WARD G. K. 
Published: October 2007

ABSTRACTSThis paper argues the importance of the contribution that multivariate statistical techniques can make to the analysis of data from trace element characterization of sources of raw material and of artefacts. A threephase analysis is outlined: for the delimitation of sources of the raw material; the representation of the interrelationships of these sources; and the systematic and explicit allocation of artefactual material within the available universe of source groups. A model is developed using obsidian from New Zealand sources and presented as an example of the method.
AN INVESTIGATION OF THE LIGHT‐TRANSMITTING PROPERTIES OF EARLY MEDIEVAL SPLAYED WINDOWS
Authors: PARSONS D. 
Published: October 2007

ABSTRACTSThere is some evidence that early medieval single‐light splayed windows were specifically designed for maximum optical efficiency. Some factors affecting the design of an individual window are examined from three points of view: (1) a brief theoretical consideration of the crude effects of size and angle of splay; (2) an abbreviated account of an analysis of the characteristics of actual windows surviving from the Anglo‐Saxon period; (3) an account of an experiment to determine by means of a scale apparatus the relative effects of window size, angle and type of splay, and surface finish of the fabric.
MINERALOGICAL ANALYSIS OF SUDANESE NEOLITHIC CERAMICS
Authors: HAYS T. R. , HASSAN FEKRI A. 
Published: October 2007

ABSTRACTSThe archaeologist must often determine if ceramics having similar designs and forms but from widely separated locations were locally made or are the result of diffusion. This paper describes a methodology of technological analysis of ceramics utilised to solve such a problem. Results of a mineralogical analysis of ceramics and a discussion of the cultural implications of the results is presented. It is concluded that this methodology is an essential tool in distinguishing sites and elucidating relationships within the Sudanese Neolithic.
THE ACCURACY OF THE SPECIFIC GRAVITY METHOD FOR THE ANALYSIS OF GOLD ALLOYS
Authors: ODDY W. A. , BLACKSHAW S. M. 
Published: October 2007

ABSTRACTSTwo possible sources of error in the measurement and interpretation of the specific gravities of gold coins are investigated. First, the effect of the presence of copper was measured and found to be more significant than previously thought. It is shown that the presence of 5% of copper in a gold‐silver alloy results in a measured gold content which is 3.3% too low when the coin is analysed by the specific gravity method. Secondly, the importance of cleaning the coins before measuring the specific gravity is also demonstrated.
RADON ESCAPE FROM POTTERY: EFFECT OF WETNESS
Authors: DESAI V. S. , AITKEN M. J. 
Published: October 2007

ABSTRACTSRadon and subsequent members of the uranium‐238 decay chain are responsible for an appreciable fraction of the radiation dosage received by pottery. Consequently in thermoluminescent dating calculations it is necessary to make an estimate of the degree to which this gas was escaping during burial. Direct measurement of the radon accumulated from pottery fragments indicates that wet conditions do not drastically inhibit the escape of radon, contrary to what has usually been assumed in thermoluminescent dating up till now.
FLUORINE IN FOSSILIZED BONE AND TOOTH: DISTRIBUTION AMONG SKELETAL TISSUES
Authors: PARKER R. B. , MURPHY J. W. , TOOTS H. 
Published: October 2007

ABSTRACTSBecause of differences in their physical properties, bone, tooth dentine and tooth enamel react very differently during the course of fossilization. This relationship is shown clearly in the case of diagenetic introduction of fluorine wherein bone and dentine with high permeability and small apatite crystallite size contain 2–3 times the amount of fluorine as coexisting enamel with its low permeability and large crystallites. Smaller differences in the same sense are found within bone types from the same species, and care must be used in applying fluorine content methods even among bones from the same deposit.
A NOTE ON THE DIFFERENTIAL THERMAL ANALYSIS OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL CERAMICS
Authors: KINGERY W. D. 
Published: October 2007

ABSTRACTSEvidence is presented that the clay in ancient ware fired at a temperature below 700–800°C becomes rehydrated over the millennia, such that it behaves somewhat like an unfired clay, rendering DTA a useful tool in identifying the clay minerals present. More recent samples can be artificially rehydrated by heating in a steam autoclave.
COPPER AND COPPER ALLOYS IN ANCIENT TURKEY: SOME NEW ANALYSES
Authors: MOOREY P. R. S. , SCHWEIZER F. 
Published: October 2007

ABSTRACTSThis note presents some new analyses for 13 early copper and bronze artefacts from Turkey in the Collection of the Ashmolean Museum, Oxford. They were not included in a small programme of early copper and bronze objects from Iraq, Syria and Palestine (Moorey and Schweizer 1972, Archaeometry14 (2), 177–198) and conclude this pilot‐project.
Investigation of physical sensor models for modelling SPOT 3 orbits
Authors: Kim Taejung , Kim Hyunsuk , Rhee Sooahm 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThis paper investigates the feasibility of modelling entire image strips, instead of individual scenes, that have been acquired from the same orbital pass through bundle adjustments. The focus differs from previous researches in the following aspects: firstly, in modelling image strips when control points are available only on a small portion of the strips and, secondly, in comparing the performance of two types of physical sensor models with various sets of adjustment parameters. The models tested were based on modified collinear equations and on satellite orbit and attitude. For each model seven adjustment parameter sets were defined and checked against two SPOT 3 strips of 420 km in length. Results showed that the accuracy of orbit modelling is highly dependent on the choice of parameters to be adjusted. Models with high‐order parameters showed exponential error patterns whereas models with low‐order parameters showed linear error patterns. Among the two types of sensor models, those based on satellite orbit and attitude yielded better orbit modelling performance. In particular, the best performance was achieved by the model that adjusts attitude biases only; a nearly constant accuracy of better than 2 pixels was maintained over the whole orbital segment of 420 km. This supports the feasibility of orbit modelling.
“All‐on‐Four” Immediate Function Concept and Clinical Report of Treatment of an Edentulous Mandible with a Fixed Complete Denture and Milled Titanium Framework
Authors: Khatami Amir H. , Smith Christopher R. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe “All‐on‐Four” concept—tilting the distal implants in the edentulous arches improves the prosthetic support—increases the inter‐implant distance and provides better implant anchorage in the bone by using longer implants. Computer milling of a solid block of titanium also provides frameworks with improved fit and fewer technical challenges than conventional cast or noncast approaches. This clinical report describes a method of restoring an edentulous mandible with the “All‐on‐Four” immediate function concept and a milled titanium framework. The patient in our clinical report has reported for follow‐up visits for 1 year and is satisfied with the outcome of the treatment. No discernable clinical and radiographic changes were noted around the dental implants. To date, there have been no prosthetic complications. The patient is scheduled for quarterly follow‐ups to determine the effectiveness of home care.
Eleven‐Year Report on a Predoctoral Implant Dentistry Program
Authors: Maalhagh‐Fard Ahmad , Nimmo Arthur 
Published: October 2007

Abstract Purpose: An elective program on implant dentistry was started in the summer of 1994 at the University of Detroit Mercy School of Dentistry (UDM). The program provides comprehensive didactic and clinical training in implant dentistry to a select group of senior dental students. This study describes the program and clinical results of the first 11 years of the elective program in implant dentistry at UDM. Materials and Methods: The program is 1 year long and is offered to a group of 10 senior students out of a class of 72. In addition to a one‐semester lecture course offered to all dental students, students in the elective program participate in a one‐semester seminar which includes literature review and “hands‐on” surgical and prosthodontic components. Patients are assigned during the summer term to students who work in pairs. Students actively participate in diagnosis and treatment planning, assist in surgery, and accomplish the prosthodontic procedures. Prosthodontic services include single‐tooth restorations, multiple‐unit fixed restorations, overdentures, and full‐arch fixed prostheses. A retrospective analysis of the patients treated in the first 11 years of the program was conducted. Results: During the first 11 years of the program, 159 implants were placed in 70 patients. There were a total of 10 failed implants in seven patients (failure rate 6.3%): eight implants prior to loading and two following loading. Minor complications included gold screw loosening, gold screw fracture, porcelain fracture, and soft tissue inflammation, which occurred in less than 5% of the patients. Conclusions: The rates of implant failure and complications in the first 11 years of the elective implant program at UDM appear to be within an acceptable range when compared to other educational programs and studies reported in the dental literature.
Effect of intermittent loading and surface roughness on peri‐implant bone formation in a bone chamber model
Authors: Duyck Joke , Slaets Elke , Sasaguri Kenichi , Vandamme Katleen , Naert Ignace 
Published: October 2007

AbstractBoth implant surface characteristics and mechanical loading are known to affect implant osseointegration. Their interaction and the underlying mechanisms by which they affect peri‐implant healing processes are still unknown. The aim of this study is therefore to investigate the influence of a turned versus a rough (Plus®, Dentsply Friadent) implant surface on peri‐implant bone formation in case of unloaded or loaded implant healing.Material and Methods: Bone formation was evaluated around screw‐shaped implants under four experimental conditions using a repeated sampling bone chamber methodology: (1) unloaded turned implant (CU), (2) unloaded implant with a rough surface (TU), (3) loaded turned implant (CL), and (4) loaded implant with a rough surface (TL). Peri‐implant tissue samples were paraffin embedded after implant removal and examined histologically and histomorphometrically. A mixed model was used for statistical analysis.Results: The surface of bone tissue relative to the total tissue area (bone area fraction) was not affected by the experimental conditions. The areas of bone trabeculae relative to the bone area (bone fraction) were significantly higher for TL compared with CU and TU. The bone fraction in the vicinity (100 μm zone) of the implant (BFZ) was significantly the highest around the loaded roughened implants (TL).Conclusion: Implant loading did not affect bone formation in the absence of surface roughness, and implant surface roughness had no effect in the absence of loading. However, a bone‐stimulating effect in the implant's vicinity was assigned to the rough surface when the implant was loaded.
Surgical guided tissue regeneration treatment of advanced periodontal defects: a 5‐year follow‐up study
Authors: Slotte Christer , Asklöw Barbro , Lundgren Dan 
Published: October 2007

AbstractObjectives: To study the 5‐year outcome of combined use of guided tissue regeneration (GTR) barriers and bovine bone in advanced periodontal defects.Material and Methods: In each of 24 patients, one defect was surgically exposed, debrided, filled with bovine bone, and covered with a bioresorbable barrier. Re‐examinations were made after 1, 3, and 5 years.Results: Average full‐mouth plaque scores (FMPS) were 14.5% at baseline and 10.7%, 9.8%, and 18.9% after 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively. Mean probing pocket depth (PPD) was 10.0 mm at baseline. Mean PPD reduction was 5.2 mm after 1 year, 5.6 mm after 3 years, and 5.3 mm after 5 years. Mean gingival recession was 1.0 mm after 1 year, 1.6 mm after 3 years, and 1.3 mm after 5 years. Mean gain in clinical attachment level (CAL) was 4.2 mm at the 1‐year, 4.1 mm at the 3‐year, and 4.3 mm at the 5‐year examination. Smoking significantly influenced CAL change at all re‐examinations. FMPS were significantly correlated with radiographic defect depth at the 5‐year examination and CAL with smoking and FMPS at the 3‐year examination.Conclusion: Advanced periodontal defects can be successfully treated with the combined use of GTR barriers and bovine bone to substantially reduce PPD and achieve a stable, long‐term gain of CAL.
Exposure measurement in the association between periodontal disease and prematurity/low birth weight
Authors: Gomes‐Filho Isaac S. , Cruz Simone S. , Rezende Edson J. C. , Dos Santos Carlos Antônio S. T. , Soledade Kaliane R. , Magalhães Maurício A. , De Azevedo Antônio César O. , Trindade Soraya C. , Vianna Maria Isabel P. , Passos Johelle de S. , Cerqueira Eneida M. M. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractAim: To compare the use of different definitions for exposure measurement in cases of association between periodontal disease (PD) and prematurity and/or low birth weight (PLBW).Material and Methods: A database from a previous case–control study was used to compare four different definitions for periodontitis: at least one site with probing depth 4 mm (1); at least one site with clinical attachment loss (CAL)3 mm (2); at least four teeth with one or more sites presenting probing depth 4 mm, with CAL3 mm at the same site (3); and at least four teeth with one or more sites with probing depth 4 mm, with CAL3 mm at the same site and presence of bleeding on probing (4). The PD frequency, diagnostic values and adjusted association measurements were calculated.Results: PD frequency ranged from 33.1% to 94.7%. Odds ratioadjusted varied slightly according to the exposure measurement used.Conclusions: The association between PD and PLBW weight was consistent, except for exposure measurement 1, i.e. using at least one site with CAL3 mm for periodontitis diagnosis, while the magnitude of this varied according to the definition established.
Expression of MMP‐9, MMP‐10 and TNF‐α and lack of epithelial MMP‐1 and MMP‐26 characterize pyoderma gangrenosum
Authors: Bister Ville , Mäkitalo Laura , Jeskanen Leila , Saarialho‐Kere Ulpu 
Published: October 2007

Background:  Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a non‐infectious, autoimmune, chronic ulcer of the skin, often co‐existing with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been implicated as mediators of tissue destruction in chronic cutaneous and intestinal wounds.Methods:  Twenty‐four skin biopsies with clinically and histologically confirmed PG and acute wounds were immunostained for MMP‐1, ‐7, ‐8, ‐9, ‐10 and ‐26; tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinase (TIMP)‐1 and ‐3 and tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α).Results:  MMP‐1 was generally expressed by keratinocytes distal from the wound edge, whereas MMP‐10 was detected abundantly in the epithelium. MMP‐26 was positive in 42% at the migratory front. Abundant stromal expression was evident for MMP‐1, ‐9 and ‐10, TIMP‐1 and ‐3 and TNF‐α. In acute wounds, stromal MMP‐1, ‐9 and ‐10 and TNF‐α were sparse.Conclusions:  Unlike in normally healing cutaneous wounds, MMP‐1 and ‐26 were detected bordering the wound in only a minority of PGs and their lack may thus retard epithelial repair. Particularly, MMP‐9 and ‐10 and TNF‐α would be suitable therapeutic targets as they may contribute to the degradation of provisional matrices needed for migration in healing wounds. The presence of MMP‐1, ‐9, ‐10 and ‐26 in both PG and IBD ulcers may suggest a similar pathogenesis for cutaneous and mucosal inflammation.