bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of Novel Apio Carbocyclic Nucleoside Analogues as Potential Antiviral and Antitumor Agent
Authors: Jeong Lak Shin , Lee Jeong A. , Moon Hyung Ryong , Kim Hea Ok , Lee Kang Man , Lee Hyun Joo , Chun Moon Woo 
Published: February 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of Homo‐Apioneplanocin A as Potential Inhibitor of S‐Adenosylhomocysteine Hydrolase
Authors: Chun Moon Woo , Lee Hyuk Woo , Kim Jin‐Hee , Kim Hea Ok , Lee Kang Man , Pal Shantanu , Moon Hyung Ryong , Jeong Lak Shin 
Published: February 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: An Alternative Synthetic Method for 4′‐C‐Ethynylstavudine by Means of Nucleophilic Substitution of 4′‐Benzoyloxythymine Nucleoside
Authors: Haraguchi Kazuhiro , Sumino Masanori , Tanaka Hiromichi 
Published: February 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Different Strategies for the Synthesis of 2′‐O‐Aminoethyl Adenosine Building Blocks
Authors: Odadzic Dalibor , Engels Joachim W. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of Apio Fluoroneplanocin A Analogues as Potential AdoHcy Hydrolase Inhibitor
Authors: Park Ah‐Young , Moon Hyung Ryong , Kim Kyung Ran , Kang Jin‐Ah , Chun Moon Woo , Jeong Lak Shin 
Published: February 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Physicochemical Methods for Enhancing Oil Recovery from Oil Fields
Authors: Altunina L. K. , Kuvshinov V. A. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Application of 19F Nuclear Magnetic Resonance to Investigate Microbial Biotransformations of Organofluorine Compounds
Authors: Murphy Cormac D. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Biofiltration of Pyridine by Shewanella putrefaciens in a Corn‐Cob Packed Biotrickling Filter
Authors: Mathur Anil Kumar , Majumder C. B. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractIn this study, a new strain of microorganism Shewanella putrefaciens was used for biofiltration of a pyridine laden air stream in a corn‐cob packed biotrickling filter. In the biotrickling filter tested with S. putrefaciens, the maximum removal of pyridine is determined to be 100% at less than the average inlet concentration of 0.653 g m–3 and more than 93% at a higher average inlet concentration of 1.748 g m–3 (phase VIII) with an empty bed residence time (EBRT) of 106 s. However, when the biotrickling filter was operated at a low EBRT of 53 s and almost the same average inlet concentration of 1.752 g m–3 (phase VII), the removal level attained was not greater than 85%. The maximum elimination capacity (EC) of the biotrickling filter was 102.34 g m–3h–1 at an inlet pyridine load of 119.62 g m–3h–1 with an EBRT of 53 s in phase VII. The maximum deviation of the EC from the 100% conversion line varied from 0.257 to 10.166% when going from phase I to VIII. Kinetic analysis showed that the maximum removal rate, rmax, and saturation constant, Ks, values for pyridine were calculated as 0.24 g m–3h–1 and 6.44 g m–3, respectively, with a correlation coefficient, R2, of 0.9939 and a standard deviation of error of 23.94%. The information contained herein indicates that the corn‐cob packed biotrickling filter inoculated by S. putrefaciens should provide excellent performance in the removal of gaseous pyridine.
Distinct behaviors of neural stem and progenitor cells underlie cortical neurogenesis
Authors: Noctor Stephen C. , Martínez‐Cerdeño Verónica , Kriegstein Arnold R. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractNeocortical precursor cells undergo symmetric and asymmetric divisions while producing large numbers of diverse cortical cell types. In Drosophila, cleavage plane orientation dictates the inheritance of fate‐determinants and the symmetry of newborn daughter cells during neuroblast cell divisions. One model for predicting daughter cell fate in the mammalian neocortex is also based on cleavage plane orientation. Precursor cell divisions with a cleavage plane orientation that is perpendicular with respect to the ventricular surface (vertical) are predicted to be symmetric, while divisions with a cleavage plane orientation that is parallel to the surface (horizontal) are predicted to be asymmetric neurogenic divisions. However, analysis of cleavage plane orientation at the ventricle suggests that the number of predicted neurogenic divisions might be insufficient to produce large amounts of cortical neurons. To understand factors that correlate with the symmetry of cell divisions, we examined rat neocortical precursor cells in situ through real‐time imaging, marker analysis, and electrophysiological recordings. We find that cleavage plane orientation is more closely associated with precursor cell type than with daughter cell fate, as commonly thought. Radial glia cells in the VZ primarily divide with a vertical orientation throughout cortical development and undergo symmetric or asymmetric self‐renewing divisions depending on the stage of development. In contrast, most intermediate progenitor cells divide in the subventricular zone with a horizontal orientation and produce symmetric daughter cells. We propose a model for predicting daughter cell fate that considers precursor cell type, stage of development, and the planar segregation of fate determinants. J. Comp. Neurol. 508:28–44, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Organic Carbonates as Alternative Solvents for Palladium‐Catalyzed Substitution Reactions
Authors: Schäffner Benjamin , Holz Jens , Verevkin Sergey P. , Börner Armin 
Published: February 2008

AbstractOrganic carbonates, such as propylene carbonate, butylene carbonate, and diethyl carbonate, were tested in the Pd‐catalyzed asymmetric allylic substitution reactions of rac‐1,3‐diphenyl‐3‐acetoxy‐prop‐1‐ene with dimethyl malonate or benzylamine as nucleophiles. Bidentate diphosphanes were used as chiral ligands. The application of monodentate phosphanes capable of self‐assembling with the metal was likewise tested. In the substitution reaction with dimethyl malonate, enantioselectivities up to 98 % were achieved. In the amination reaction, the chiral product was obtained with up to 83 % ee. The results confirm that these “green solvents” can be advantageously used for this catalytic transformation as an alternative to those solvents usually employed which run some risk of being harmful to the environment.
The Preparation and CVD Densification of Multi‐walled Carbon Nanotube Felt Synthesized by a Catalytic CVD Method
Authors: Li X. , Yuan G. , Westwood A. , Zhang H. , Dong Z. , Brown A. , Brydson R. , Rand B. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractSilica‐nickel binary aerogels are used as catalysts for the synthesis of multi‐walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) felts. The MWCNT felts are prepared by the catalytic decomposition of methane at 680 °C over durations ranging from 30 to 120 min. After purification by a graphitization heat‐treatment in argon, the MWCNT felts have a bulk density of about 0.4 g cm–3. The graphitized MWCNT felts are densified in a CVD furnace under a mixed atmosphere of propene and nitrogen at 1000 °C. The morphology and the structure of the MWCNT felt and its CVD‐densified product are investigated by SEM, TEM, XRD, and Raman spectroscopy. The results reveal that the carbon nanotubes in the primary MWCNT felt have a diameter of between 15 and 40 nm, with a high aspect ratio. High‐resolution TEM imaging reveals that the walls of the carbon nanotubes show little amorphous carbon covering. After the graphitization treatment, the surface of the carbon nanotubes becomes rough and some “stacked cups” and triangular structures are formed in the core of some of the nanotubes. The graphitization treatment effectively promotes crystal growth and layer orientation of the carbon nanotubes. This high temperature‐treated MWCNT felt has a high purity and a low bulk density, as well as low thermal conductivity. Pyrolytic carbon formed by CVD is deposited in between carbon nanotubes and on the walls of the carbon nanotubes, leading to the densification of the MWCNT felt. The CVD‐densified MWCNT felt has a higher bulk density and thermal conductivity than that of the corresponding high temperature‐treated MWCNT felt. It is suggested that the MWCNT felt could be used as a precursor in the production of carbon nanotube/carbon or carbon nanotube/polymer composites.
Controlled Nanostructured Silver Coated Surfaces by Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Vapour Deposition
Authors: Sheel D. W. , Brook L. A. , Yates H. M. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThin film silver has been widely reported for its interesting properties. In this paper we describe a route to produce controlled nanostructured silver layers. A combination of Flame Assisted Chemical Vapour Deposition at atmospheric pressure, with low cost and a low toxicity silver precursor, was used to generate coatings of structured silver surfaces on glass. This approach gives a high degree of control of surface structure, density and topography.These layers have potential applications in areas such as catalysis, photo‐activity and for biocidal surfaces. Our results indicate very high biocidal activity where the nano‐structure is proposed as playing a significant role.
Heteroepitaxial YAlO3 Films on (100)SrTiO3 Substrates: The Use of Pole Figures as a Non‐invasive Tool to Assess the Direction of Growth
Authors: Malandrino G. , Grigoli G. , Fragalà I. L. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractYAlO3 films are grown on (100)SrTiO3 substrates through an in‐situ novel metal‐organic (MO)CVD strategy involving a molten source consisting of the second‐generation Y(hfa)3·diglyme (Hhfa = 1,1,1,5,5,5‐hexafluoro‐2,4‐pentanedione, diglyme = bis(2‐methoxyethyl)ether) precursor which acts as a solvent for the Al(acac)3 (Hacac = acetylacetone). The X‐ray diffraction (XRD) patterns show that the films are crystalline and highly oriented, while compositional analysis indicates that the films possess the correct 1:1 ratio. Pole figures are applied as a simple, economic, non‐invasive tool to assess the growth direction of YAlO3 films.
The Role of Isomeric Effects on the Luminescence Lifetimes and Electrochemistry of Oligothienyl‐Bridged Dinuclear Tris(2,2′‐bipyridine)ruthenium(II) Complexes
Authors: Steen Robert O. , Nurkkala Lasse J. , Angus‐Dunne Sarah J. , Schmitt Chantal X. , Constable Edwin C. , Riley Mark J. , Bernhardt Paul V. , Dunne Simon J. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThe luminescence lifetimes (in CH3CN at room temperature) and electrochemical potentials (in CH3CN) of a range of mono‐ and bis(bidentate) 2,2′‐bipyridine‐capped oligothiophene‐bridged RuII complexes based on the 6‐(2‐thienyl)‐2,2′‐bipyridine and 4‐(2‐thienyl)‐2,2′‐bipyridine motifs have been measured. The redox potentials occurred in a very narrow range and showed only small shifts from that of [Ru(bpy)3]2+, which indicates that the inductive effects of the substituents on the 2,2′‐bipyridine ligands are very similar across this series. In the complexes that incorporated a bithiophene moiety the oxidation of the bithienyl group occurred at higher potentials than the metal‐centered RuIII/II oxidation. No or very weak interaction between the metal cores in the dinuclear complexes was observed. It was found that the luminescence lifetimes of the complexes where the attachment point of the oligothiophene bridge is in the 4‐position of a 2,2′‐bipyridine ligand were extended compared to [Ru(bpy)3]2+, whereas the luminescence was very short‐lived (<30 ns) or completely quenched in the complexes where the oligothiophene bridge was attached in the 6‐position. The difference in lifetimes is probably due to steric interactions between the thienyl bridge and the auxiliary bipyridyl ligands, resulting in disturbances in coordination symmetry of the metal core. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Phytosterols and pectin added to a high‐saturated fat diet do not show hypocholesterolemic activity in female guinea pigs
Authors: Brufau Gemma , Canela Miguel Angel , Quílez Joan , Rafecas Magda 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThis paper presents the results of a study whose aim was to test the effects of several doses of pectin and phytosterols on the sterol content in plasma, liver and feces of guinea pigs, when added to a high‐saturated fat diet. The treatments followed a 3×3 factorial design, with three levels of pectin (0, 3.67 and 6.93%) and three levels of phytosterols (0, 1.37 and 2.45%). Seventy‐two female Dunkin Hartley guinea pigs were randomly assigned to the treatment groups (eight animals per group). The duration of the treatment was 4 weeks. No differences were found in plasma cholesterol concentrations, while in liver we saw a reduction in cholesterol concentration after phytosterol feeding. Moreover, we found no pectin effects. Plant sterol concentration increased in plasma and liver after phytosterol ingestion, with the highest concentrations being obtained with the intermediate pectin dose. Our results suggest that a high‐saturated diet may impair the cholesterol‐lowering properties of plant sterols and pectin.
Great globe thistle fruit (Echinops sphaerocephalus L.), a potential new oil crop
Authors: Horn Gert , Kupfer Astrid , Kalbitz Jutta , Gerdelbracht Hans‐Jürgen , Kluge Holger , Eder Klaus , Dräger Birgit 
Published: February 2008

AbstractNew plant oil crops are desirable as renewable resources for energy, for food purposes, and as building blocks in chemical synthesis. Fruit oil of Echinops sphaerocephalus was characterized by a high content of linoleic acid (over 70% of total fatty acids) and by a high tocopherol content (530–970 mg/kg oil). The majority was α‐tocopherol. Echinops sphaerocephalus plants may be cultivated in agricultural dimensions, and fruits may be obtained by a combine harvester. Echinops quinoline alkaloids present a useful by‐product of the oil production.
Direct and Efficient Glycosylation Protocol for Synthesizing α‐Glycolipids: Application to the Synthesis of KRN7000
Authors: Boutureira Omar , Morales‐Serna José Antonio , Díaz Yolanda , Matheu M. Isabel , Castillón Sergio 
Published: February 2008

AbstractHerein we describe a simple and practical protocol for accessing the biologically active galactosyl ceramide KRN7000 and other α‐glycolipids with excellent yield and stereoselectivity by using per‐O‐silylated galactosyl iodide and stannyl ethers as glycosylation partners. This direct glycosylation reaction reduces the overall number of steps and provides rapid access to biologically important α‐galactosyl ceramide derivatives. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
A Nonenzymatic Glucose Sensor Using Nanoporous Platinum Electrodes Prepared by Electrochemical Alloying/Dealloying in a Water‐Insensitive Zinc Chloride‐1‐Ethyl‐3‐Methylimidazolium Chloride Ionic Liquid
Authors: Chou Chih‐Hung , Chen Jyh‐Cheng , Tai Chia‐Cheng , Sun I‐Wen , Zen Jyh‐Myng 
Published: February 2008

AbstractWe report here a nonenzymatic sensor by using a nanoporous platinum electrode to detect glucose directly. The electrode was fabricated by electrochemical deposition and dissolution of PtZn alloy in zinc chloride‐1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride (ZnCl2‐EMIC) ionic liquid. Both SEM and electrochemical studies showed the evidences for the nanoporous characteristics of the as‐prepared Pt electrodes. Amperometric measurements allow observation of the electrochemical oxidation of glucose at 0.4 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) in pH 7.4 phosphate buffer solution. The sensor also demonstrates significant reproducibility in glucose detection; the higher the roughness factor of the Pt electrode, the lower the detection limit of glucose. The interfering species such as ascorbic acid and p‐acetamidophenol can be avoided by using a Pt electrode with a high roughness factor of 151. Overall, the nanoporous Pt electrode is promising for enzymeless detection of glucose at physiological condition.
Dielectrophoretic separation of platelets from diluted whole blood in microfluidic channels
Authors: Pommer Matthew S. , Zhang Yanting , Keerthi Nawarathna , Chen Dong , Thomson James A. , Meinhart Carl D. , Soh Hyongsok T. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThe dielectrophoresis (DEP) phenomenon is used to separate platelets directly from diluted whole blood in microfluidic channels. By exploiting the fact that platelets are the smallest cell type in blood, we utilize the DEP‐activated cell sorter (DACS) device to perform size‐based fractionation of blood samples and continuously enrich the platelets in a label‐free manner. Cytometry analysis revealed that a single pass through the two‐stage DACS device yields a high purity of platelets (∼95%) at a throughput of ∼2.2×104 cells/second/microchannel with minimal platelet activation. This work demonstrates gentle and label‐free dielectrophoretic separation of delicate cells from complex samples and such a separation approach may open a path toward continuous screening of blood products by integrated microfluidic devices.
A preliminary characterization of the mutagenicity of atmospheric particulate matter collected during sugar cane harvesting using the Salmonella/microsome microsuspension assay
Authors: de Aragão Umbuzeiro Gisela , Franco Alexandre , Magalhães Dulce , de Castro Francisco José Viana , Kummrow Fábio , Rech Célia Maria , Rothschild Franco de Carvalho Lilian , de Castro Vasconcellos Pérola 
Published: February 2008

AbstractDuring sugar cane harvesting season, which occurs from May to November of each year, the crops are burnt, cut, and transported to the mills. There are reports showing that mutagenic activity and PAH content increase during harvesting season in some areas of São Paulo State in comparison with nonharvesting periods. The objective of this work was to preliminarily characterize the mutagenic activity of the total organic extracts as well as corresponding organic fractions of airborne particulate matter (PM) collected twice from two cities, Araraquara (ARQ) and Piracicaba (PRB), during sugar cane harvesting season using the Salmonella/microsome microssuspension assay. One sample collected in São Paulo metropolitan area was also included. The mutagenicity of the total extracts ranged from 55 to 320 revertants per cubic meter without the addition of S9 and from not detected to 57 revertants per cubic meter in the presence of S9 in areas with sugar cane plantations. Of the three fractions analyzed, the most polar ones (nitro and oxy) were the most potent. A comparison of the response of TA98 with YG1041 and the increased potencies without S9 indicated that nitro compounds are causing the observed effect. More studies are necessary to verify the sources of the mutagenic activity such as burning of vegetal biomass and combustion of heavy duty vehicles used to transport the sugar cane to the mills. The Salmonella/microsome assay can be an important tool to monitor the atmosphere for mutagenicity during sugar cane harvesting season. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Soil surface catalysis of Cr(VI) reduction by citric acid
Authors: Yang Jie Wen , Tang Zi Shou , Guo Rong Fa , Chen Sheng Qi 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThe objective of this study was to investigate the catalytic effect of a red soil rich in Fe‐oxides on the reduction of Cr(VI) by citric acid. Experimental results showed that the redox reaction would be greatly enhanced in the presence of the soil surfaces. The catalytic effect of the soil surfaces was very pronounced at low pH. Whereas with the increase in pH, the soil surfaces‐catalyzed redox reaction was gradually inhibited because reactant adsorption might be a necessary step for the heterogeneous redox reaction to take place. Although more adsorbed Cr(VI) would be released into the soil solution when citric acid coexisted with phosphate, the concentration of the reduced product Cr(III) in the equilibrium solution was lower than that in the system without phosphate, which further suggested that the reaction mainly occurred on the soil surfaces. The Fe(II)‐Fe(III) redox couple has also been found to accelerate the reaction. Cr(VI) could be directly reduced by the Fe(II) ions produced during the citric acid‐promoted reductive dissolution of Fe‐oxides in the soil. In addition, the kinetic studies showed that the presence of Fe(III) ions, also released from the dissolution process, could increase the Cr(VI) reduction rate by the citric acid. Information obtained from natural soil in this study is important for remediation of Cr(VI)‐contaminated soils by application of natural organic materials. © 2008 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2008
Economic analysis for wet oxidation processes for the treatment of mixed refinery spent caustic
Authors: Alnaizy Raafat 
Published: February 2008

AbstractSodium hydroxide (caustic) continues to be one of the primary reagents used in refineries and petrochemical plants to extract hydrogen sulfide, mercaptans, and organic acids from hydrocarbon streams. A local refinery had accumulated ∼5000 m3 of spent caustics containing cresylic and naphthenic compounds. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentrations must be reduced to less than 1 g/L prior to discharge to biotreatment. A simple and safe treatment system for this high volume and high concentration of COD is desired. Bench‐scale treatment of spent caustic by the Fenton's reagent process had a total COD removal of greater than 95%, and the effluent COD was lower than 1 g/L. The process was operated at a temperature lower than 80°C and ambient pressure. The capital cost was thus lower than that of the wet air oxidation (WAO) process that normally operates at 200°C and 28 bars. The cost of exporting spent caustic to a full‐service company in USA was $1.21 per gallon that was competitive with treatment at the individual generation sites on a short‐term basis. © 2008 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2008