bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The aberrant methylation of TSP1 suppresses TGF‐β1 activation in colorectal cancer
Authors: Rojas Andres , Meherem Shereen , Kim Young‐Ho , Washington Mary Kay , Willis Joseph E. , Markowitz Sanford D. , Grady William M. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractColorectal cancer arises from the progressive accumulation of mutations and epigenetic alterations in colon epithelial cells. Such alterations often deregulate signaling pathways that affect the formation of colon cancer, such as the Wnt, RAS‐MAPK and TGF‐β pathways. The tumor promoting effects of mutations in genes, such as APC, have been demonstrated in cancer cell lines and in mouse models of intestinal cancer; however, the biological effects of most epigenetic events identified in colorectal cancer remain unknown. Consequently, we assessed whether the aberrant methylation of TSP1, the gene for thrombospondin 1, a regulator of TGF‐β ligand activation, is an epigenetic mechanism for inhibiting the TGF‐β signaling pathway. We found methylated TSP1 occurs in colon cancer cell lines (33%), colon adenomas (14%) and colon adenocarcinomas (21%). In primary colorectal cancers, loss of TSP1 expression correlated with impaired TGF‐β signaling as indicated by decreased Smad2 phosphorylation and nuclear localization. Furthermore, methylation‐induced silencing of TSP1 expression reduced the concentration of secreted active TGF‐β1 and attenuated TGF‐β signaling. Reversal of TSP1 methylation resulted in increased TSP1 mediated activation of the latent LAP:TGF‐β complex and subsequent TGF‐β receptor activation. Our results demonstrate that the aberrant methylation of TSP1 has biological consequences and provide evidence that the aberrant methylation of TSP1 is a novel epigenetic mechanism for suppressing TGF‐β signaling in colorectal cancer. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
p21 is required for atRA‐mediated growth inhibition of MEPM cells, which involves RAR
Authors: Yu Zengli , Li Wenjie , Lu Quanjun , Wang Ling , Zhang Xiaofeng , Han Ping , Chen Pingping , Pei Yingxin 
Published: April 2008

AbstractAll‐trans retinoic acid (atRA), a metabolite of vitamin A, is essential for embryonic development. Thus the spatial and temporal dispersal of RA must be tightly controlled. Previous studies show that excessive atRA led to growth inhibition and p21 accumulation in mouse embryonic palatal mesenchymal (MEPM) cells. We reported here the identification of p21 as a required mediator during atRA‐induced growth inhibition. atRA caused a G1 arrest in the cell cycle with an increase in the proportion of cells in G0/G1 and a decrease in the proportion of cells in S phase. In addition to a marked effect on cell cycling, atRA also triggered DNA fragmentation, reflected by an increase of the fraction of cells in the sub‐G1population. Western blot analysis revealed that atRA treatment led to an increase in p21 level and a decrease in cyclin D1 protein and Rb phosphorylation. Using luciferase assay with reporter gene regulated by p21 promoter, we showed that atRA increased the reporter activity in a dose‐dependent manner; and p21 siRNA blocked the growth inhibition by atRA, suggesting that p21 is required for atRA‐mediated growth inhibition. Moreover, the induction of p21 by atRA was partially attenuated when RAR was silenced with specific siRNA. atRA stimulated RARE‐driven reporter gene activity dose‐dependently. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation, we demonstrated that RAR protein could bind to the p21 promoter. Taken together, our results indicate p21 is responsible for atRA‐induced growth inhibition of MEPM cells and RAR plays a role during this process. J. Cell. Biochem. 104: 2185–2192, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Feminist identity as a predictor of eating disorder diagnostic status
Authors: Green Melinda A. , Scott Norman A. , Riopel Cori M. , Skaggs Anna K. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractPassive Acceptance (PA) and Active Commitment (AC) subscales of the Feminist Identity Development Scale (FIDS) were examined as predictors of eating disorder diagnostic status as assessed by the Questionnaire for Eating Disorder Diagnoses (Q‐EDD). Results of a hierarchical regression analysis revealed PA and AC scores were not statistically significant predictors of ED diagnostic status after controlling for diagnostic subtype. Results of a multiple regression analysis revealed FIDS as a statistically significant predictor of ED diagnostic status when failing to control for ED diagnostic subtype. Discrepancies suggest ED diagnostic subtype may serve as a moderator variable in the relationship between ED diagnostic status and FIDS. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 64:777–788, 2008.
Predicting individual differences in autonomy‐connectedness: the role of body awareness, alexithymia, and assertiveness
Authors: Bekker Marrie H. J. , Croon Marcel A. , van Balkom Esther G. A. , Vermee Jennifer B. G. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractAutonomy‐connectedness is the capacity for being on one's own as well as for satisfactorily engaging in interpersonal relationships. Associations have been shown between autonomy‐connectedness components (self‐awareness, sensitivity to others, and the capacity for managing new situations) and various indices of psychopathology. Both in a theoretical sense as well as for enhancing treatment and prevention, it is relevant to identify which factors most powerfully predict individual differences in autonomy‐connectedness: body awareness, alexithymia, or assertiveness. The present study examined this question in a clinical sample of women who were diagnosed as having autonomy problems (N=52) and in a female nonclinical community sample (N=59). In line with expectations, assertiveness was a strong predictor of (all three components of) autonomy‐connectedness, as was emotionalizing, one of the alexithymia‐components, but the latter in an opposite direction than we had expected: the higher an individual's ability to emotionalize was, the less self‐aware and capable to manage new situations that person was, and the more sensitive to others. Cognitive alexithymia contributed to self‐awareness as well as to the capacity for managing new situations, and one of the components of body awareness appeared to predict capacity for managing new situations. Our results indicate that assertiveness training and the enhancement of emotion regulation are important elements of autonomy‐connectedness targeted interventions. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 64:747–765, 2008.
Netrin‐1 can affect morphogenesis and differentiation of the mouse mammary gland
Authors: Strizzi Luigi , Mancino Mario , Bianco Caterina , Raafat Ahmed , Gonzales Monica , Booth Brian W. , Watanabe Kazuhide , Nagaoka Tadahiro , Mack David L. , Howard Beatrice , Callahan Robert , Smith Gilbert H. , Salomon David S. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractNetrin‐1 has been shown to regulate the function of the EGF‐like protein Cripto‐1 (Cr‐1) and affect mammary gland development. Since Cr‐1 is a target gene of Nanog and Oct4, we investigated the relationship between Netrin‐1 and Cr‐1, Nanog and Oct4 during different stages of development in the mouse mammary gland. Results from histological analysis show that exogenous Netrin‐1 was able to induce formation of alveolar‐like structures within the mammary gland terminal end buds of virgin transgenic Cripto‐1 mice and enhance mammary gland alveologenesis in early pregnant FVB/N mice. Results from immunostaining and Western blot analysis show that Netrin‐1, Nanog and Oct4 are expressed in the mouse embryonic mammary anlage epithelium while Cripto‐1 is predominantly expressed outside this structure in the surrounding mesenchyme. We find that in lactating mammary glands of postnatal FVB/N mice, Netrin‐1 expression is highest while Cripto‐1 and Nanog levels are lowest indicating that Netrin‐1 may perform a role in the mammary gland during lactation. HC‐11 mouse mammary epithelial cells stimulated with lactogenic hormones and exogenous soluble Netrin‐1 showed increased beta‐casein expression as compared to control thus supporting the potential role for Netrin‐1 during functional differentiation of mouse mammary epithelial cells. Finally, mouse ES cells treated with exogenous soluble Netrin‐1 showed reduced levels of Nanog and Cripto‐1 and higher levels of beta‐III tubulin during differentiation. These results suggest that Netrin‐1 may facilitate functional differentiation of mammary epithelial cells and possibly affect the expression of Nanog and/or Cripto‐1 in multipotent cells that may reside in the mammary gland. J. Cell. Physiol. 216: 824–834, 2008, © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Immunophenotyping of lymphocyte subsets in the third eyelid tissue in dogs (Canis familiaris): Morphological, microvascular, and secretory aspects of this ocular adnexa
Authors: Alexandre‐Pires G. , Algueró M.C. , Mendes‐Jorge L. , Trindade H. , Correia M. , Esperança Pina J.A. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe third eyelid is an important adnexa of the eye. The objective of this study was to evaluate (i) morphological aspects (ii) vascularization, and (iii) the immunophenotype of lymphocyte subsets in the third eyelid of dogs. Flow cytometric analysis revealed the presence of three patterns concerning the immunophenotype of the third eyelid tissue. Dogs without ocular insult or deficient tear production might belong to one of the following immunophenotype patterns: I ‐ the number of T‐cells that expressed CD3+ CD8+ was higher than the number of cells that expressed CD3+CD4+. II ‐ the number of cells CD3+C4+ was higher than the number of cells CD3+CD8+ and in this case a higher number of cells that expressed CD19 were identified. III ‐ Proximity of values of the cells that expressed CD3+CD4+ and CD3+CD8+. These data might suggest that the number of lymphocyte T cells alone should not be considered a direct indicator of the presence of an immune‐based inflammation. Besides, a particular population of T‐cells does not indicate a particular inflammatory state. The morphological study of the third eyelid revealed a rather uncommon angioarchitecture. The artery that irrigates the eyelid crosses almost the entire length of this structure to achieve its free border, and only then, ramificates deeply towards an inner segmental level. This spatial microvascular arrangement probably results from an adaptation to the fact that the third eyelid, in the medial cantus of the eye, is inwardly compressed into a tiny space. Efficient vascularization is achieved by allowing the first ramifications of the third eyelid artery to run straight to the top. Accini secretor cells of the third eyelid show a mucin content while tubuloacinar cells are mainly serous. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Detection of choline signal in human breast lesions with chemical‐shift imaging
Authors: Baek Hyeon‐Man , Chen Jeon‐Hor , Yu Hon J. , Mehta Rita , Nalcioglu Orhan , Su Min‐Ying 
Published: April 2008

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the application of MR spectroscopy using chemical‐shift imaging (CSI) for characterizing human breast lesions at 1.5T, and to evaluate the diagnostic performance using ROC (receiver operating characteristics) analysis.Materials and MethodsThirty‐six patients (35–73 years old, mean 52), with 27 malignant and 9 benign lesions, underwent anatomical imaging, dynamic contrast‐enhanced MR imaging, and CSI. The ROC analysis was performed and the cutoff point yielding the highest accuracy was found to be a choline (Cho) signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) >3.2.ResultsThe mean Cho SNR was 2.8 ± 0.8 (range, 1.8–4.3) for the benign group and 5.9 ± 3.4 (2.1–17.5) for the malignant group (P = 0.01). Based on the criterion of Cho SNR >3.2 as malignant, CSI correctly diagnosed 22 of 27 malignant lesions and 7 of 9 benign lesions, resulting in a sensitivity of 81%, specificity of 78%, and overall accuracy of 81%. If the criterion was set higher at Cho SNR >4.0 the specificity improved to 89% but sensitivity was lowered to 67%.ConclusionThe ROC analysis presented in this work could be used to set an objective diagnostic criterion depending on preferred emphasis on sensitivity or specificity. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2008;27:1114–1121. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Voxel‐based diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of low‐grade hepatic encephalopathy
Authors: Kumar Rajesh , Gupta Rakesh K. , Elderkin‐Thompson Virginia , Huda Amir , Sayre James , Kirsch Claudia , Guze Barry , Han Steve , Thomas M. Albert 
Published: April 2008

AbstractPurposeTo quantify the changes in brain water diffusivity in hepatic encephalopathy (HE) associated with cirrhosis using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and to correlate with neuropsychological (NP) scores.Materials and MethodsDTI was performed in 14 patients with low‐grade HE and age/gender‐comparable 16 healthy controls. Whole brain mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) maps were calculated, normalized to common space, smoothed, and compared voxel‐by‐voxel between groups using analysis of covariance with age included as a covariate. The average MD and FA values were also calculated from individual subjects for selected brain regions and correlated with the neuropsychological scores.ResultsPatients with HE showed increased MD in the cortical gray and white matter and the internal capsule. Less extensive brain regions with decreased FA were observed in the bilateral frontal and occipital white matter. MD values from the corpus callosum correlated inversely with several NP scores among HE patients and controls. Positive correlations were observed with FA values and cognitive scores.ConclusionVoxel‐based DTI analysis showed widespread brain regions with increased MD values, indicating enhanced water content and decreased FA in cirrhotic patients with HE. The MD and FA values from selected regions correlated with the NP scores. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2008;27:1061–1068. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Water excitation MPRAGE: An alternative sequence for postcontrast imaging of the abdomen in noncooperative patients at 1.5 Tesla and 3.0 Tesla MRI
Authors: Altun Ersan , Semelka Richard C. , Dale Brian M. , Elias Jorge 
Published: April 2008

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the diagnostic image quality of postgadolinium water excitation–magnetization‐prepared rapid gradient‐echo (WE‐MPRAGE) sequence in abdominal examinations of noncooperative patients at 1.5 Tesla (T) and 3.0T MRI.Materials and MethodsEighty‐nine consecutive patients (48 males and 41 females; mean age ± standard deviation, 54.6 ± 16.6 years) who had MRI examinations including postgadolinium WE‐MPRAGE were included in the study. Of 89 patients, 33 underwent noncooperative protocol at 1.5T, 10 underwent noncooperative protocol at 3.0T, and 46 underwent cooperative protocol at 3.0T. Postgadolinium WE‐MPRAGE, MPRAGE, and three‐dimensional gradient‐echo sequences of these three different groups were qualitatively evaluated for image quality, extent of artifacts, lesion conspicuity, and homogeneity of fat‐attenuation by two reviewers retrospectively, independently, and blindly. The results were compared using Wilcoxon signed rank and Mann‐Whitney U tests. Kappa statistics were used to measure the extent of agreement between the reviewers.ResultsThe average scores indicated that the images were diagnostic for WE‐MPRAGE at 1.5T and 3.0T in noncooperative patients. WE‐MPRAGE achieved homogenous fat‐attenuation in 31/33 (94%) of noncooperative patients at 1.5T and 10/10 (100%) of noncooperative patients at 3.0T. WE‐MPRAGE at 3.0T had better results for image quality, extent of artifacts, lesion conspicuity and homogeneity of fat‐attenuation compared with WE‐MPRAGE at 1.5T, in noncooperative patients (P = 0.0008, 0.0006, 0.0024, and 0.0042; respectively). Kappa statistics varied between 0.76 and 1.00, representing good to excellent agreement.ConclusionWE‐MPRAGE may be used as a T1‐weighted postgadolinium fat‐attenuated sequence in noncooperative patients, particularly at 3.0T MRI. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2008;27:1146–1154. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Automatic repositioning of MRSI voxels in longitudinal studies: Impact on reproducibility of metabolite concentration measurements
Authors: Ratai Eva‐Maria , Hancu Ileana , Blezek Daniel J. , Turk Katherine W. , Halpern Elkan , González R. Gilberto 
Published: April 2008

AbstractPurposeTo study an automatic repositioning method to reduce variability in longitudinal MRSI exams based on a priori image registration. Longitudinal proton MR spectroscopic imaging (1H MRSI) exams to study the effects of disease or treatment are becoming increasingly common. However, one source of variability in such exams arises from imperfect relocalization of the MRSI grid in the follow‐up exams.Materials and MethodsSix healthy subjects were each scanned three times during the course of 1 day. In each follow‐up exam a manually placed MRSI grid was acquired in addition to the automatically repositioned MRSI grid. Then coefficients of variance between baseline and follow‐up scans were calculated for N‐acetylaspartate, creatine, and choline. In addition, the overall MRSI grid overlap and individual voxel overlaps were also calculated for both the visually and automatically repositioned voxels.ResultsStreamlined workflow, reduced variability of metabolite concentration measurements, and increased voxel overlaps are noted when this automatic repositioning procedure is compared to the visual MRSI grid repositioning approach.ConclusionOur results suggest that this approach is able to improve reproducibility in longitudinal MRS exams. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2008;27:1188–1193. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Climatology and impact on air quality of sea breeze in an urban coastal environment
Authors: Papanastasiou D. K. , Melas D. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe aims of this paper are to investigate the characteristics of the sea breeze that is developing in Volos area, a medium sized coastal city in central Greece, and to study the influence of sea breeze on concentration levels of ozone and PM10, during the period 2001–2005. The identification of sea breeze days is based on a set of strict, objective criteria, which include the wind direction and its diurnal reversal, the wind direction difference between the surface winds and the winds in the free atmosphere and the thermal contrast between the sea and the land surface. The statistical analysis reveals that sea breeze is developing in 85.6% of days from May until July, with maximum frequency of occurrence 89% in June. Its most frequent onset and cessation time periods are 09:00–11:00 and 20:00–22:00 LST respectively and its usual duration is approximately 10 h. The average maximum strength is 2.6 m/s, usually between 14:00 and 17:00 LST, while the maximum observed value equals 5.9 m/s. Studying the variation of ozone and PM10 levels during the cold and the warm period of the year (October–April and May–September respectively), it is concluded that sea breeze development is associated with an increase of the concentration of both pollutants. This increase is more pronounced during the cold period and is attributed to unfavourable meteorological conditions. Copyright © 2008 Royal Meteorological Society
Novel model for studying hematogenous infection in an experimental setting of implant‐related infection by a community‐acquired methicillin‐resistant S. aureus Strain
Authors: Poultsides Lazaros A. , Papatheodorou Loukia K. , Karachalios Theofilos S. , Khaldi Lubna , Maniatis Antonios , Petinaki Efthimia , Malizos Konstantinos N. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe aim of this study is to establish a new experimental model of hematogenous implant‐related infection (IRI) by a community‐acquired methicillin‐resistant S. aureus (CA‐MRSA) strain. Cylindrical porous tantalum intramedullary implants were inserted in the proximal right tibia of 30 male white rabbits after administration of antibiotic prophylaxis. Four weeks later and without antibiotic prophylaxis, 20 animals received 1 ml of inoculum of two different concentrations (study groups A and B) of CA‐MRSA strain through an ipsilatelar femoral artery catheter. The remaining 10 received normal saline instead (control group C). Surviving animals were sacrificed 4 weeks later. Sterile bone, bone marrow biopsies, and implants were harvested for culture and histological evaluation. Ten animals receiving 5 × 108cfu/ml (group A) died within 48–72 h due to septic shock. Blood cultures were positive; histology demonstrated acute infection. Ten animals received bacterial load of 3 × 108cfu/ml (group B) and all survived; two had negative Gram‐stain and cultures but PCR and RT‐PCR results demonstrated the viability of the microorganisms, while periprosthetic osteolysis and histological evaluation indicated subacute osteomyelitis; eight animals established periprosthetic infection, osteomyelitis, and septic arthritis documented by positive Gram‐stain, cultures, subperiosteal reaction, and chronic infection on histology. Control group specimens demonstrated no signs of infection. Histopathological semiquantitative scoring was used to compare the three groups. Comparison of groups A and B with control group and between group A and B showed statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) in all parameters except for periosteal reaction between groups B and C (p = 0.354). This novel, reproducible experimental model will facilitate the study of hematogenous CA‐MRSA IRIs. © 2008 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 26:1355–1362, 2008
Raman spectroscopic diagnosis of breast cancers: evaluation of models
Authors: Kalyan Kumar K. , Chowdary M. V. P. , Mathew Stanley , Rao Lakshmi , Murali Krishna C. , Kurien Jacob 
Published: April 2008

AbstractBreast cancer is the leading cancer affecting women. Conventional screening and diagnostic methods are shown to suffer from well‐described limitations. The aim of this study was to evaluate Raman spectroscopic models, which were developed earlier, by blinded tissue samples. We have recorded Raman spectra of 69 blinded tissue samples. In each sample, six or more spectra were recorded at different locations. Pretreated spectra were matched against normal, malignant and benign standard sets to obtain a match/mismatch status, which in turn was correlated with histopathology. Among 69 samples analyzed, 61 could be unambiguously diagnosed as 29 normal, 17 malignant and 15 benign, as their spectra matched with only one standard set and mismatched against the others. In the cases of the remaining tissue samples, matching them against pathological sets was the determining criteria. These samples were diagnosed as pathological since at least one of the spectra of these tissues had matched with pathological sets. Thus, we demonstrate a good correlation between histopathology and Raman spectroscopic diagnosis. Therefore, findings of the study further support the efficacy of Raman spectroscopic models that were developed by us. Prospectively, by developing models for as many pathological conditions as possible followed by rigorous validation, objective/unambiguous Raman spectroscopic diagnosis of breast pathologies can be realized. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.