bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chalcones with N‐Methylpiperazine Moiety: Synthesis, Monoamine Oxidase Inhibition, Neuroprotective Effect and Computer Simulation Study
Authors: Jayan Jayalakshmi , Trisciuzzi Daniela , Benny Feba , Kumar Sunil , Gambacorta Nicola , Catto Marco , Abdelgawad Mohamed A. , Ghoneim Mohammed M. , Al‐Serwi Rasha Hamed , Gahtori Prashant , Zachariah Subin Mary , Nicolotti Orazio , Mathew Bijo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractEleven derivatives of chalcones (PZ1–PZ11) were synthesized by incorporating N‐methyl piperazine on the para position of the aromatic B ring of chalcones. The A ring is substituted with different electron‐donating and withdrawing groups. All the final derivatives were evaluated for their monoamine oxidase A and B inhibition studies. From the series of compounds PZ‐7 was found to possess good MAO‐B inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 2.60±0.22 μM, followed by PZ‐9 with an IC50 value of 3.44±0.20 μM, when compared with reference compound pargyline 2.69±0.48 μM. PZ‐7 also considerably reduced the cell mortality triggered by rotenone in SH‐SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. The docking study found that PZ‐7 showed a docking score of −10.809 kCal/mol, with a polar interaction with Gln206, and π‐π stacking interaction between the B ring of chalcone. A molecular dynamics simulation study showed higher stability of the protein–ligand complex. Overall, compound PZ‐7 could serve as a promising MAO‐B inhibitor with neuroprotective action.
Exploring Carbonization Temperature to Create Closed Pores for Hard Carbon as High‐Performance Sodium‐Ion Battery Anodes
Authors: Zhang Xiue , Cao Yongjie , Li Guodong , Liu Gaopan , Dong Xiaoli , Wang Yonggang , Jiang Xiaolei , Zhang Xiang , Xia Yongyao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBiomass‐derived porous carbon materials are meaningful to employ as a hard carbon precursor for anode materials of sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) from a sustainability perspective. Here, a straightforward approach is proposed to develop rich closed pores in pinenut‐derived carbon, with the aim of improving Na+ plateau storage by adjusting the pyrolysis temperature. The optimized sample, namely the pinenut‐derived carbon at 1300 °C, demonstrates remarkable reversible specific capacity of 278 mAh g−1, along with a high initial Coulomb efficiency of 85% and robust cycling stability (with a capacity retention of 89% after 800 cycles at 0.2 A g−1). In situ and ex situ analyses unveil that the developed closed pores play a significant role in enhancing the plateau capacity, providing compelling evidence for the “adsorption‐filling” mechanism. Moreover, the corresponding full‐cell achieves a high energy density of 245.7 Wh kg−1 (based on the total weight of both electrode active materials) and exhibits outstanding rate capability (191.4 mAh g−1 at 3 A g−1).
Rapid Preparation Triggered by Visible Light for Tough Hydrogel Sensors with Low Hysteresis and High Elasticity: Mechanism, Use and Recycle‐by‐Design
Authors: Liu Qi , Xie Mingwei , Wang Chenghao , Deng Mingming , Li Ping , Yang Xulin , Zhao Nihui , Huang Chi , Zhang Xinghua 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHydrogels have emerged as promising candidates for flexible devices and water resource management. However, further applications of conventional hydrogels are restricted due to their limited performance and lack of a recycling strategy. Herein, a tough, flexible, and recyclable hydrogel sensor via a visible‐light‐triggered polymerization is rapidly created. The Zn2+ crosslinked terpolymer is in situ polymerized using g‐C3N4 as the sole initiator to form in situ chain entanglements, endowing the hydrogels with low hysteresis and high elasticity. In the use phase, the hydrogel sensor exhibited high ion conductivity, excellent mechanical properties, fast responsiveness, high sensitivity, and remarkable anti‐fatigue ability, making it exceptionally effective in accurately monitoring complex human movements. At the end‐of‐life (EOL), leveraging the synergy between the photodegradation capacity of g‐C3N4 and the adsorption function of the hydrogel matrix, the post‐consumer hydrogel is converted into water remediation materials, which not only promoted the rapid degradation of organic pollutants, but also facilitated collection and reuse. This innovative strategy combined in situ entangling reinforcement and tailored recycle‐by‐design that employed g‐C3N4 as key blocks in the hydrogel to achieve high performance in the use phase and close the loop through the reutilization at EOL, highlighting the cost‐effective synthesis, specialized structure, and life cycle management.
Constructing Directional Electrostatic Potential Difference via Gradient Nitrogen Doping for Efficient Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Qi Zhijie , Lu Zhenjie , Guo Xiangjie , Jiang Jun , Liu Shujun , Sun Jingwen , Wang Xin , Zhu Junwu , Fu Yongsheng 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNitrogen doping has been recognized as an important strategy to enhance the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity of carbon‐encapsulated transition metal catalysts (TM@C). However, previous reports on nitrogen doping have tended to result in a random distribution of nitrogen atoms, which leads to disordered electrostatic potential differences on the surface of carbon layers, limiting further control over the materials' electronic structure. Herein, a gradient nitrogen doping strategy to prepare nitrogen‐deficient graphene and nitrogen‐rich carbon nanotubes encapsulated cobalt nanoparticles catalysts (Co@CNTs@NG) is proposed. The unique gradient nitrogen doping leads to a gradual increase in the electrostatic potential of the carbon layer from the nitrogen‐rich region to the nitrogen‐deficient region, facilitating the directed electron transfer within these layers and ultimately optimizing the charge distribution of the material. Therefore, this strategy effectively regulates the density of state and work function of the material, further optimizing the adsorption of oxygen‐containing intermediates and enhancing ORR activity. Theoretical and experimental results show that under controlled gradient nitrogen doping, Co@CNTs@NG exhibits significantly ORR performance (Eonset = 0.96 V, E1/2 = 0.86 V). At the same time, Co@CNTs@NG also displays excellent performance as a cathode material for Zn–air batteries, with peak power density of 132.65 mA cm−2 and open‐circuit voltage (OCV) of 1.51 V. This work provides an effective gradient nitrogen doping strategy to optimize the ORR performance.
Roll‐to‐Roll Manufacturing of Breathable Superhydrophobic Membranes
Authors: Liu Huan , Zhong Haosong , Yuan Qiaoyaxiao , Yang Rongliang , Kim Minseong , Chan Yee Him Timothy , Chen Siyu , Lin Jing , Li Mitch Guijun 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSelf‐cleaning and anti‐biofouling are both advantages for lotus‐leaf‐like superhydrophobic surfaces. Methods for creating superhydrophobicity, including chemical bonding low surface energy molecular fragments and constructing surface morphology with protrusions, micropores, and trapped micro airbags by traditional physical strategies, unfortunately, have encountered challenges. They often involve complex synthesis processes, stubborn chemical accumulation, brutal degradation, or infeasible calculation and imprecise modulation in fabricating hierarchical surface roughness. Here, a scalable method to prepare high‐quality, breathable superhydrophobic membranes is proposed by developing a successive roll‐to‐roll laser manufacturing technique, which offers advantages over conventional fabrication approaches in enabling automatically large‐scale production and ensuring cost‐effectiveness. Nanosecond laser writing and femtosecond laser drilling produce surface microstructures and micropore arrays, respectively, endowing the membrane with superior antiwater capability with hierarchical microstructures forming a barrier and blocking water infiltration. The membrane's breathability is carefully optimized by tailoring micropore arrays to allow for the adequate passage of water vapor while maintaining superhydrophobicity. These membranes combine the benefits of anti‐aqueous corrosive liquid behaviors, photothermal effects, thermoplastic properties, and stretchable performances as promising comprehensive materials in diverse scenes.
Brownian Motion Paving the Way for Molecular Translocation in Nanopores
Authors: Lee Won‐Yong , Wen Chenyu , Pham Ngan Hoang , Khaksaran Mohammad Hadi , Lee Sang‐Kwon , Zhang Shi‐Li 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTracing fast nanopore‐translocating analytes requires a high‐frequency measurement system that warrants a temporal resolution better than 1 µs. This constraint may practically shift the challenge from increasing the sampling bandwidth to dealing with the rapidly growing noise with frequencies typically above 10 kHz, potentially making it still uncertain if all translocation events are unambiguously captured. Here, a numerical simulation model is presented as an alternative to discern translocation events with different experimental settings including pore dimension, bias voltage, the charge state of the analyte, salt concentration, and electrolyte viscosity. The model allows for simultaneous analysis of forces exerting on a large analyte cohort along their individual trajectories; these forces are responsible for the analyte movement leading eventually to the nanopore translocation. Through tracing the analyte trajectories, the Brownian force is found to dominate the analyte movement in electrolytes until the last moment at which the electroosmotic force determines the final translocation act. The mean dwell time of analytes mimicking streptavidin decreases from ≈6 to ≈1 µs with increasing the bias voltage from ±100 to ±500 mV. The simulated translocation events qualitatively agree with the experimental data with streptavidin. The simulation model is also helpful for the design of new solid‐state nanopore sensors.
Efficient Charge Transport in Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells via 2D/3D Ferroelectric Heterojunction
Authors: Li Zihao , Sun Anxin , Zheng Yiting , Zhuang Rongshan , Wu Xueyun , Tian Congcong , Tang Chen , Liu Yuan , Ouyang Beilin , Du Jiajun , Li Ziyi , Cai Jingyu , Wu Xiling , Chen Jinling , Hua Yong , Chen Chun‐Chao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWhile the 2D/3D heterojunction is an effective method to improve the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), carriers are often confined in the quantum wells (QWs) due to the unique structure of 2D perovskite, which makes the charge transport along the out‐of‐plane direction difficult. Here, a 2D/3D ferroelectric heterojunction formed by 4,4‐difluoropiperidine hydrochloride (2FPD) in inverted PSCs is reported. The enriched 2D perovskite (2FPD)2PbI4 layer with n = 1 on the perovskite surface exhibits ferroelectric response and has oriented dipoles along the out‐of‐plane direction. The ferroelectricity of the oriented dipole layer facilitates the enhancement of the built‐in electric field (1.06 V) and the delay of the cooling process of hot carriers, reflected in the high carrier temperature (above 1400 K) and the prolonged photobleach recovery time (139.85 fs, measured at bandgap), improving the out‐of‐plane conductivity. In addition, the alignment of energy levels is optimized and exciton binding energy (32.8 meV) is reduced by changing the dielectric environment of the surface. Finally, the 2FPD‐treated PSCs achieve a PCE of 24.82% (certified: 24.38%) with the synergistic effect of ferroelectricity and defect passivation, while maintaining over 90% of their initial efficiency after 1000 h of maximum power point tracking.
Children, Citizenship, and Commons: Insights from Three Case Studies in Lisbon on the 3 C's
Authors: Tomás Catarina , Gonçalves Carolina , Gazzinelli Juliana , Almeida Aline 
Published: April 2024

AbstractListening to children in educational settings is vital for establishing inclusive and equitable environments. This approach recognizes children as active agents and contributors to their education, enabling them to express their needs and participate in decision-making processes. By involving children in educational discourse, pedagogical practices can better align with their interests, resulting in more effective, engaging, and democratic learning experiences. The synergy between Childhood Studies and Educational Sciences underscores the necessity of heeding children’s voices to enhance educational quality and foster active citizenship. This chapter presents the findings of the SMOOTH subproject—RED_Rights, Equity, and Diversity in Educational Contexts. It conducted three case studies in Lisbon, Portugal, involving focus groups with children from diverse educational contexts, involving both formal and non-formal settings, between September and October 2022. These studies aimed to explore diverse dimensions of the educational commons concept, including children’s roles as commoners, commoning practices, and communal aspects related to goods and values within educational and community settings. The findings apprise children’s perspectives as citizens and commoners, highlighting their creativity, self-awareness, interests, and active participation in activities. Additionally, they shed light on emotional and expressive reactions and highlight intersectionality issues within these contexts. This research underscores the vital importance of listening to children, ultimately enhancing educational quality, and promoting active citizenship.
From Crisis to Commons? Exploring the Potential of the Commons Via Two Secondary Education Case Studies in Flanders
Authors: Tourne Juno , Roose Rudi , Devlieghere Jochen , Bradt Lieve 
Published: April 2024

AbstractEducation in Flanders—the Dutch-speaking region of Belgium—is currently facing what many describe as a crisis, marked by quality erosion and social inequalities. These issues have brought about a highly politicized and polarized debate that has led to a sole focus on achieving cognitive test outcomes, side-lining the importance of equity and social justice. In response to this, a growing number of academics and practitioners are actively exploring alternative educational frameworks, with the ‘commons’ framework gaining prominence in this context. This chapter delves into the implementation of two commons-based projects within secondary schools in Flanders, highlighting the challenges faced in implementing commons principles within traditional educational settings. These challenges include resistance from teachers entrenched in the existing educational culture, the tendency to consider the commons as an individual responsibility rather than a collective commitment and the risk of instrumentalizing the commons by prioritizing outcomes over the participatory process. While commons-based initiatives face substantial hurdles within the current educational landscape, they offer a useful alternative horizon that challenges the status quo and may help bridge the gap between educational ideals and reality in Flanders and elsewhere.
Building Youth Civic Engagement through Media Education and Educational Commons
Authors: Cappello Gianna , Siino Marianna 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe Italian case study, presented in this chapter, develops the concept of educational commons building on the field of media education and the notions of “participatory culture” and digital commons. The motivation for this study arose from the need to reconsider education as a shared resource and to examine the importance of experimenting with, monitoring, and evaluating (digital) co-creation practices that may engage and empower young people within their communities. Hence, our research questions were: (a) How do young people collectively experience and build the educational commons? (b) How do participants (youth and adults) in educational commons experience peer governance, and how do they handle and resolve conflicts? (c) How does the co-creation of a photo blog as a shared space of action help young people discover and develop a “civic intentionality” in the (digital) public sphere? (d) What are the effects of applying a commons’ logic to address inequalities and achieve social inclusion of young people from vulnerable social groups? The analysis of the textual data collected through interviews and focus groups, logbooks, fieldnotes, observation grids, and audiovisual documentation, we have been able to (a) reconstruct the micro-context in which the case study activities took place, (b) comprehensively describe the relational dynamics, the processes, and the products using unobtrusive methods, and (c) assess the impact of the activities concerning the objective of developing “civic intentionality” and reducing educational inequalities through an educational-commons and media-education approach.
Agüita: Educational Commons, Arts and Well-Being
Authors: del Moral-Espín Lucía , Serván-Melero Cristina , Gallego-Noche Beatriz , Rosendo-Chacón Ana María 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis chapter focuses on a specific experience of educational commons: the Agüita creative workshops in Seville and Jerez de la Frontera, two Andalusian cities in the south of Spain. They are afterschool workshops for young people whose focus is listening to the participants and collaborative work through art. Specifically, this chapter addresses how artistic work nourishes and reinforces the tripartite structure of the commons and favours the practices of caring, cooperating and sharing, which are fundamental in developing the educational commons. To this end, four specific actions developed within the framework of the workshops are presented. In some of them, the sessions are open to specialists and artists who share their knowledge and dialogue about the processes of knowledge generation and artistic production with the young people. In others, it is the young people who go out to investigate and propose actions for intervention in the public space through art. In both cases, actions are guided by the logic of care and the promotion of well-being on different levels.
Kapitel 8. Landnutzung und Klimawandel im Kontext der Nachhaltigen Entwicklungsziele
Authors: Gratzer Georg , Shinozaki Kyoko , Damyanovic Doris , Hinterberger Friedrich , Koch Andreas , Obrovsky Michael , Penker Marianne , Schinko Thomas , Sturmbauer Christian , Weber Karin , Zessner Matthias 
Published: April 2024

ZusammenfassungDieses Kapitel präsentiert und bewertet den aktuellen Stand des Wissens zum Konnex Landnutzung und Klimawandel in Österreich aus dem systemischen Blickwinkel der UN Agenda 2030 für eine Nachhaltige Entwicklung. Dabei wird dem Thema entsprechend auf die Verflechtungen zwischen den lokalen, nationalen und internationalen Ebenen eingegangen. Die Menschheit befindet sich in kritischen, vielfältigen und vernetzten Krisen. Integrative und globale Lösungsansätze, wie sie in der Agenda 2030 festgeschrieben sind, haben für diese multiplen Krisen ein hohes Lösungspotenzial.
Kapitel 4. Anpassungsoptionen in der Landnutzung an den Klimawandel
Authors: Baumgarten Andreas , Lapin Katharina , Schüler Silvio , Freudenschuss Alexandra , Grüneis Heidi , Konrad Heino , Lexer Manfred J. , Miloczki Julia , Sandén Taru , Schauberger Günther , Mag. Dr. MSc. Schaumberger Andreas , Stumpp Christine , Zoboli Ottavia 
Published: April 2024

ZusammenfassungDie vielfältigen Auswirkungen des Klimawandels führen in Österreich zu einem dringenden Anpassungsbedarf von menschlichen und natürlichen Systemen (APCC, 2014). Während Anpassung prinzipiell ein biologischer oder sozialer Entwicklungsprozess ist, sind jene Anpassungen an den Klimawandel effektiver, die proaktiv, geplant und vorausschauend passieren sowie unterschiedliche Akteur_innen, wie z. B. Wissenschafter_innen, Praktiker_innen und Entscheidungsträger_innen, involvieren (Adger et al., 2009; Berrang-Ford et al., 2011; Smit und Skinner, 2002)
Kapitel 6. Landnutzungsentscheidungen: Klimawandelrelevante Strategien, Steuerungsinstrumente und Managementansätze
Authors: Jäger Jill , Darnhofer Ika , Dobernig Karin , Kettner-Marx Claudia , Leitinger Georg , Meyer Ina , Scharler Markus , Sinabell Franz , Weber Gerlind 
Published: April 2024

ZusammenfassungLandnutzungsentscheidungen werden unter anderem auf Grund der Knappheit der Landfläche bzw. der Knappheit des Bodens und der vom Boden zur Verfügung gestellten Leistungen (z. B. bereitstellende, regulierende und kulturelle Ökosystemleistungen; Box 1.2 Abschn. 3.5) getroffen. Bei vielen Entscheidungen können nicht alle Nutzungsansprüche erfüllt werden. Die Entscheidungen werden individuell (z. B. durch Wahl des Wohnstandorts) und kollektiv (z.B. Ressourcen-, Energie- und Infrastrukturpolitik) getroffen. Auch die Unterlassung flächensparender oder klimafreundlicher Entscheidungen und das Dulden umweltkontraproduktiver Subventionen können die Landnutzung beeinflussen.
Costs of fracture-related infection: the impact on direct hospital costs and healthcare utilisation
Authors: Haidari S. , Buijs M.A.S. , Plate J.D.J. , Zomer J. J. , IJpma F.F.A. , Hietbrink F. , Govaert G.A.M. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Fracture-Related Infection (FRI) is associated with high medical costs and prolonged healthcare utilization. However, limited data is available on the financial impact. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of FRI on direct hospital costs and healthcare utilization.

Methods
This was a retrospective cohort study in a level-1 trauma centre in the Netherlands. Patients ≥ 18 years, after open reduction and internal fixation of a long bone fracture between January 1st 2016 and November 1st 2021, were included. Exclusion criteria were Injury Severity Score (ISS) ≥ 16, indefinable data on costs or incomplete follow-up. Hospital costs related to fracture treatment were individually calculated based on procedure codes raised with a fixed percentage of overhead expenses, in line with hospital billing policies.

Results
In total, 246 patients were included with a median follow-up of 1 year (IQR 0.6–1.8). A total of 45 patients developed FRI, of whom 15 patients had an FRI recurrence. Compared to non-FRI patients, median hospital costs from an FRI patient without and with recurrence, were respectively three (3.1) and seven (7.6) times higher. Compared to non-FRI patients, increased costs in patients with FRI or recurrent FRI are due to respectively a fivefold or even tenfold prolonged length-of-stay, two or seven additional infection-related surgeries, and 21 or 55 days of intravenous antibiotic treatment.

Conclusion
Direct healthcare costs of patients with single occurrence of FRI after long bone fracture treatment are three times higher compared to non-FRI patients. In case of FRI-recurrence, the differences in costs might even increase to sevenfold. To put this in perspective, cost of severely injured trauma patients were recently established at approximately 25.000 euros. Compared to non-FRI patients, increased costs in patients with FRI or recurrent FRI are due to respectively a fivefold or even tenfold prolonged length-of-stay, two or seven additional infection-related surgeries and 21 or 55 days of intravenous antibiotic treatment. Not only from patient perspective but also from a financial aspect, it is important to focus on prevention of (recurrent) FRI.
Structure of hybrid censoring schemes and its implications
Authors: Cramer Erhard 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this paper, structural properties of (progressive) hybrid censoring schemes are established by studying the possible data scenarios resulting from the hybrid censoring scheme. The results illustrate that the distributions of hybrid censored random variables can be immediately derived from the cases of Type-I and Type-II censored data. Furthermore, it turns out that results in likelihood and Bayesian inference are also obtained directly which explains the similarities present in the probabilistic and statistical analysis of these censoring schemes. The power of the approach is illustrated by applying the approach to the quite complex unified Type-II (progressive) hybrid censoring scheme. Finally, it is shown that the approach is not restricted to (progressively Type-II censored) order statistics and that it can be extended to almost any kind of ordered data.