bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In vitro inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase activity in tracheal epithelial lining fluid from horses with recurrent airway obstruction
Authors: Raulo Saara M. , Sorsa Timo , Maisi Päivi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Objective—To evaluate inhibitory effects of synthetic matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitors in vitro on gelatinolytic and collagenolytic activities in tracheal epithelial lining fluid (TELF) of horses with recurrent airway obstruction (RAO).
Animals—10 horses with RAO and 5 healthy control horses.
Procedures—Substrate-based functional assays, collagen I and gelatin degradation, were used to measure endogenous collagenolytic and gelatinolytic activities in TELF. In vitro inhibition of MMP activity in TELF with 2 chemically modified tetracyclines (CMTs; CMT-3 and CMT-8) and 2 bisphosphonates (BPs; zoledronate and pamidronate) was evaluated.
Results—CMT-3, CMT-8, zoledronate, and pamidronate in a dose-dependent manner inhibited TELF type I collagenolytic and gelatinolytic activities, although no complete inhibition of TELF type I collagenolytic and gelatinolytic activities was achieved with the inhibitor concentrations of 25 to 500μM tested. The CMTs inhibited pathologically induced collagen I degradation more effectively than BPs. Of the tested CMTs, CMT-3 was the most effective inhibitor of gelatinolytic activity, and the efficiency of CMT-3 corresponded with that of the BPs.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—An increase in MMP activity in the equine respiratory tract may potentially be inhibited by administration of CMTs or BPs. Distinct synthetic MMP inhibitors may eventually provide an additional means for pharmacologic treatment by decreasing ongoing active tissue destructive inflammation associated with chronic lung disease. The MMP inhibitors such as CMTs and BPs that are targeted to solely inhibit a pathologic increase in MMP activities provide the advantage of minimal adverse effects that are characteristics of other excessively potent MMP inhibitors.
Effect of passive transfer status on preweaning growth performance in dairy lambs
Authors: Massimini Genesio , Britti Domenico , Peli Angelo , Cinotti Stefano 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Objective—To evaluate the effect of passive transfer status, determined by measuring serum IgG concentration 24 hours after parturition, on preweaning growth performance in dairy lambs.
Design—Prospective observational study.
Animals—20 healthy Sardinian dairy lambs.
Procedures—Serum IgG concentration was meaured 24 hours after birth. Body weight was measured at birth and at the time of weaning 28 days (ie, 27 to 29 days) after birth. Mean daily gain from birth to day 28 and day 28 weight were used as measures of preweaning growth performance. Regression analysis was used to evaluate associations between serum IgG concentration 24 hours after birth and measures of preweaning growth performance.
Results—Mean ± SD serum IgG concentration 24 hours after birth was 24.6 ± 17.5 mg/mL. Mean body weights at birth and weaning were 2,696 ± 937 g and 9,253 ± 2,116 g, respectively, and mean daily gain was 234 ± 63 g/d. No significant association was detected between serum IgG concentration 24 hours after birth and birth weight. However, serum IgG concentration 24 hours after birth was significantly associated with mean daily gain (R2 = 0.25). Each 1 mg/mL increase in serum IgG concentration 24 hours after birth was associated with a 1.8 g/d increase in mean daily gain and a 60.8-g increase in day 28 weight.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results indicated that passive transfer status, determined as serum IgG concentration 24 hours after birth, was a significant source of variation in preweaning growth performance in dairy lambs.
Enhancing the recall of young, young–old and old–old adults with cognitive interviews
Authors: Wright Allison M. , Holliday Robyn E. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractTwo studies examined whether a Cognitive Interview improves older witnesses' recall. Study 1 compared the quality and quantity of older adults' recall when given a typical UK police interview, the Enhanced Cognitive Interview (ECI), or a modified version of the Cognitive Interview (MCI). The MCI was identical to the ECI except that the change perspective technique was omitted. Old–old (75–95‐years) adults' recall was less complete and less accurate than that of young–old (60–74‐years) adults, which was less complete and accurate than that of young (17–31‐years) adults. The ECI and MCI increased the number of correct Person, Action, Object and Surrounding details reported across every age group, without increasing the number of incorrect or confabulated details recalled. In Study 2, it was found that these effects remained when interviews were re‐scored using a system that reflected police officers' decisions about the investigative relevance of details. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Kinetic modeling of tert‐butyl radical decomposition reaction
Authors: Zheng Xiaobo , Blowers Paul 
Published: July 2006

AbstractQuantum chemical Gaussian‐3 (G3), and complete basis set (CBS) composite energy methods are applied to investigate tert‐butyl radical decomposition reaction kinetics and energetics. The available experimental thermodynamic and kinetic data are employed to assess the accuracy of these calculations. The CBS method proves to have good agreement with the experimental data, indicating it is a good method for studying other hydrocarbon cracking reactions involving large species. A kinetic model of the reaction with pressure and temperature effects is also proposed. For P ≤ P0, k [s−1] = (3.93 × 1012) × P0.35 × e(−17878.5/T); for P > P0, k [s−1] = (2.0 × 1013) × e(−18096.0/T), where P is in units of kPa, T in units of Kelvin, and P0 = (1.04 × 102) × e(−621.43/T). The advantage of this simple kinetic model is that it can be easily applied to different reaction conditions without performing additional costly calculations. © 2006 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2006
Poly(ethylene glycol)/acrylic polymer blends for latent heat thermal energy storage
Authors: Alkan Cemil , Sari Ahmet , Uzun Orhan 
Published: July 2006

AbstractIn the present study, polyethylene glycol (PEG) were blended with acrylic polymers like polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), Eudragit S (Eud S), and Eudragit E (Eud E) as novel form stable phase change materials (PCMs) and characterized by optical microscopy, spectroscopy and viscosity techniques. Latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) properties of the blends were evaluated by using the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) technique. In the form‐stable blends, PEG acted like phase change‐LHTES material when the acrylic polymers served as supporting material because of their adhesion property. The maximum percentage of PEG was found 80% w/w for any of the blend in which no leakage of PEG occurred for 100 heating/cooling cycles. The optical microscopy investigations revealed that the phase behavior of the blends was observed as self organized PEG distributed in the matrix of acrylic polymers rather than chain‐like structures. The interactions between the blend components (PEG and one of the acrylic polymers) were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) spectroscopy and the viscosimetry technique. The key LHTES properties (melting and freezing temperatures, and latent heats of melting and freezing of the blends) were evaluated by DSC. The DSC results indicated that PEG/PMMA, PEG/Eud S, and PEG/Eud E blends as form‐stable PCMs were convenient materials for LHTES applications in terms of their satisfying thermal properties. Therefore, these form‐stable PCMs could be incorporated into an LHTES system with the advantage of direct utility in order to store daytime solar energy for space heating. © 2006 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2006
An association study of the brain‐derived neurotrophic factor Val66Met polymorphism and amphetamine response
Authors: Flanagin Brody A. , Cook Edwin H. , de Wit Harriet 
Published: July 2006

AbstractAlthough genetic factors are known to be important in addiction, no candidate genes have yet been consistently linked to drug use or abuse. Brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which has been implicated in the behavioral response to psychomotor stimulants and potentiates neurotransmitters that are strongly linked to addiction, is a logical candidate gene to study. Using a drug challenge approach, we tested for association between BDNF G196A (val66met) genotype and subjective responses to amphetamine (AMPH). Healthy volunteers participated in a double blind, crossover design in which they received placebo, 10 mg, and 20 mg oral d‐amphetamine in random order. Subjective and physical responses to ingestion of AMPH were measured at 30‐min intervals after drug ingestion. Each subject was genotyped for the BDNF G196A polymorphism and grouped and analyzed accordingly. The effects of AMPH on ratings of arousal, energy, and heart rate were compared in subjects with the val/val genotype (N = 67) and the subjects with either the val/met or met/met genotypes (N = 32). AMPH produced less pronounced self‐ratings of arousal and energy, yet higher increases in heart rate, in the val/met and met/met compared to the val/val group. These results suggest that BDNF is related to the subjective and physical response to low doses of AMPH. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Prevalence of psychiatric disorders in 4 to 16‐year‐olds with Williams syndrome
Authors: Leyfer Ovsanna T. , Woodruff‐Borden Janet , Klein‐Tasman Bonita P. , Fricke Johanna S. , Mervis Carolyn B. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractThe prevalence of a range of DSM‐IV psychiatric disorders in a sample of 119 4–16‐year‐old children with Williams syndrome (WS) was assessed using a structured diagnostic interview with their parents. Most children (80.7%) met criteria for at least one DSM‐IV diagnosis. The most prevalent diagnoses were Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD; 64.7%) and Specific Phobia (53.8%). There was a significant shift in Predominant Type of ADHD as a function of CA, from Combined for the youngest group (ages 4–6 years) to Inattentive for the oldest group (ages 11–16 years). The prevalence of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) increased significantly with age. These findings are another step toward defining the behavioral phenotype of WS. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparison of Confidence Intervals for Adjusted Attributable Risk Estimates under Multinomial Sampling
Authors: Lehnert‐Batar Andrea , Pfahlberg Annette , Gefeller Olaf 
Published: July 2006

AbstractThe epidemiologic concept of the adjusted attributable risk is a useful approach to quantitatively describe the importance of risk factors on the population level. It measures the proportional reduction in disease probability when a risk factor is eliminated from the population, accounting for effects of confounding and effect‐modification by nuisance variables. The computation of asymptotic variance estimates for estimates of the adjusted attributable risk is often done by applying the delta method. Investigations on the delta method have shown, however, that the delta method generally tends to underestimate the standard error, leading to biased confidence intervals. We compare confidence intervals for the adjusted attributable risk derived by applying computer intensive methods like the bootstrap or jackknife to confidence intervals based on asymptotic variance estimates using an extensive Monte Carlo simulation and within a real data example from a cohort study in cardiovascular disease epidemiology. Our results show that confidence intervals based on bootstrap and jackknife methods outperform intervals based on asymptotic theory. Best variants of computer intensive confidence intervals are indicated for different situations. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Protonmotive Force: Development of Electrostatic Drivers for Synthetic Molecular Motors
Authors: Crowley James D. , Steele Ian M. , Bosnich Brice 
Published: July 2006

AbstractFerrocene has been investigated as a platform for developing protonmotive electrostatic drivers for molecular motors. When two 3‐pyridine groups are substituted to the (rapidly rotating) cyclopentadienyl (Cp) rings of ferrocene, one on each Cp, it is shown that the (Cp) eclipsed, π‐stacked rotameric conformation is preferred both in solution and in the solid state. Upon quaternization of both of the pyridines substituents, either by protonation or by alkylation, it is shown that the preferred rotameric conformation is one where the pyridinium groups are rotated away from the fully π‐stacked conformation. Electrostatic calculations indicate that the rotation is caused by the electrostatic repulsion between the charges. Consistently, when the π‐stacking energy is increased π‐stacked population increases, and conversely when the electrostatic repulsion is increased π‐stacked population is decreased. This work serves to provide an approximate estimate of the amount of torque that the electrostatically driven ferrocene platform can generate when incorporated into a molecular motor. The overall conclusion is that the electrostatic interaction energy between dicationic ferrocene dipyridyl systems is similar to the π‐stacking interaction energy and, consequently, at least tricationic systems are required to fully uncouple the π‐stacked pyridine substituents.
Gold Catalysis: No Steric Limitations in the Phenol Synthesis
Authors: Hashmi A. Stephen K. , Salathé Ralph , Frey Wolfgang 
Published: July 2006

AbstractDifferent dihydroisoindol‐4‐ols and 8‐hydroxytetrahydroisoquinolines were prepared by the gold‐catalyzed phenol synthesis. The reaction was investigated with several sterically demanding groups in the 5‐position of the furan starting material. The influence of the reaction time and the catalyst on the yield was investigated.
Drug binding to human serum albumin: Abridged review of results obtained with high‐performance liquid chromatography and circular dichroism
Authors: Ascoli Giorgio A. , Domenici Enrico , Bertucci Carlo 
Published: July 2006

AbstractThe drug binding to plasma and tissue proteins are fundamental factors in determining the overall pharmacological activity of a drug. Human serum albumin (HSA), together with α1‐acid glycoprotein (AGP), are the most important plasma proteins, which act as drug carriers, with drug pharmacokinetic implications, resulting in important clinical impacts for drugs that have a relatively narrow therapeutic index. This review focuses on the combination of biochromatography and circular dichroism as an effective approach for the characterization of albumin binding sites and their enantioselectivity. Furthermore, their applications to the study of changes in the binding properties of the protein arising by the reversible or covalent binding of drugs are discussed, and examples of physiological relevance reported. Perspectives of these studies reside in supporting the development of new drugs, which require miniaturization to facilitate the screening of classes of compounds for their binding to the target protein, and a deeper characterization of the mechanisms involved in the molecular recognition processes. Chirality, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A new method for fibrous protein analysis illustrated by application to tubulin microtubule polymerisation and depolymerisation
Authors: Marrington Rachel , Seymour Mark , Rodger Alison 
Published: July 2006

AbstractA thermostatted micro volume Couette cell has been designed to enable linear dichroism (LD) data to be collected at a range of temperatures. The cell is a development of the traditional Couette flowLDcell and includes the recent development of micro‐volumeLD(20–40 μL) coupled with the addition of a heating element, temperature probe and controller. This new micro volume CouetteLDcell opens the way not only to theLDanalysis of systems where sample volume is critical, but also for theLDanalysis of temperature sensitive samples. The polymerization of the microtubule protein tubulin has been followed in a range of different conditions using the thermostatted micro volume CouetteLDcell. The focusing lenses on the cell, which are required for the microvolume cell, have the side benefit of significantly reducing the light‐scattering artifacts caused by the large size of tubulin microtubules. It is now possible to monitor real‐time polymerization and depolymerization kinetics, and any structural rearrangements of chromophores within the polymer. In the case of tubulin, theLDspectra revealed a greater change in the orientation of tryptophan residues at ∼290 nm during polymerization compared to other contributing chromophores—guanine, phenylalanine, and tyrosine. The improvements in instrumental design have also allowedLDspectra of tubulin to be collected down to ∼230 nm (previous data have only been available from the near UV region), which means that some indication of protein backbone‐orientation changes are now available. It was observed during this work that apparentLDintensity maxima are in fact artifacts when the high‐tension voltage is high. The onset of such artifacts has been observed at much lower voltages with light‐scattering fibrous proteins (including tubulin) than with nonscattering samples. Therefore, caution must be used when interpretingLDdata collected with medium to high photomultiplier tube voltages. Chirality, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Synthesis and Characterization of a Noncovalently Linked Porphyrin‐[1,2‐(1‐acridin‐10′‐yl‐2‐aza‐2‐methylprop‐1,3‐ylene)‐fullerene] Dyad
Authors: Xiang Yun , Wei Xian‐Wen , Zhang Xin‐Ming , Zha Qing‐Qing , Sun Jian , Yin Gui , Xu Zheng 
Published: July 2006

Abstract1,2‐(1‐Acridin‐10′‐yl‐2‐aza‐2‐methylprop‐1,3‐ylene)fullerene was synthesized firstly and characterized by UV‐Vis, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy, which is capable of forming a stable complex with zinc tetraphenylporphyrin via the axial ligation. The steady state fluorescence studies show efficient quenching of the zinc tetraphenylporphyrin emission upon axial coordination of acridine attached to C60.
Ionization and Dissociation of Nitrosyl Chloride Molecule in the Intense Femtosecond Laser Field
Authors: Yao Li , Ge Mao‐Fa , Wang Dian‐Xun , Wu Cheng‐Yin , Xu Nan , Gong Qi‐Huang 
Published: July 2006

AbstractIonization and dissociation of nitrosyl chloride ClNO were studied using femtosecond laser mass spectra technique. Strong fragmental ions NO+and Cl+were observed with the laser intensity varied from 3.2×1014 to 2.5×1015 W/cm2. These fragmental ions were attributed to the direct dissociation of the parent ions. Electronic structure calculations were also carried out with Hartree‐Fock, density functional and correlated levels of theory to understand the possible fragmentation pathways. The very low N–Cl bond energy in the parent ion of nitrosyl chloride is a clear reason for the absence of ClNO+ and ClN+ ion peaks from the femtosecond laser mass spectrum.
Preparation of Pt‐MoOx/CNT Electrode and Its Electrocatalytic Property for Ethanol Electrooxidation
Authors: Wang Ming‐Yong , Li Jin‐Hua , Cui Kun‐Zai 
Published: July 2006

AbstractMoOx, a non‐noble secondary catalyst instead of noble metal Ru, was dispersed on carbon nanotubes (CNT) and then the primary catalyst Pt was electrodeposited on MoOx/CNT/graphite electrode by potential‐step method. CNT used was grown directly on graphite disk by chemical vapor deposition. The Pt‐MoOx/CNT/graphite electrode was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy. The electrocatalytic property and the long‐term cyclic stability of Pt‐MoOx/CNT/graphite electrode for ethanol oxidation have been investigated in 1.0 mol/L CH3CH2OH+0.1 mol/L H2SO4 by cyclic voltammetry. On the other hand, the effect of the loading mass of MoOx on specific activity of Pt‐MoOx/CNT/graphite electrode and the activation energy of ethanol oxidation were investigated. The Pt‐MoOx/CNT/graphite electrode shows good long‐term cyclic stability. 82% value of peak current density at the oxidation peak around 0.69 V (vs. SCE) remains after 500 cycles, which is higher than those of Pt/CNT/graphite and Pt‐Ru/CNT/graphite electrodes with the corresponding values of 55% and 72%, respectively.
Theoretical Study on N–H···O Blue‐shifted H‐Bond for HNO···H2O2Complex
Authors: Yang Yong , Zhang Wei‐Jun , Gao Xiao‐Ming 
Published: July 2006

AbstractA theoretical study on the blue‐shifted H‐bond N–H···O and red‐shifted H‐bond O–H···O in the complex HNO···H2O2was conducted by employment of both standard and counterpoise‐corrected methods to calculate the geometric structures and vibrational frequencies at the MP2/6‐31G(d), MP2/6‐31+G(d,p), MP2/6‐311++G(d,p), B3LYP/6‐31G(d), B3LYP/6‐31+G(d,p) and B3LYP/6‐311++G(d,p) levels. In the H‐bond N–H···O, the calculated blue shift of N–H stretching frequency is in the vicinity of 120 cm−1and this is indeed the largest theoretical estimate of a blue shift in the X–H···Y H‐bond ever reported in the literature. From the natural bond orbital analysis, the red‐shifted H‐bond O–H···O can be explained on the basis of the dominant role of the hyperconjugation. For the blue‐shifted H‐bond N–H···O, the hyperconjugation was inhibited due to the existence of significant electron density redistribution effect, and the large blue shift of the N–H stretching frequency was prominently due to the rehybridization of spnN–H hybrid orbital.
Sol‐gel‐derived Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Enzymatic Reactor for Microfluidic Peptide Mapping
Authors: Wu Hui‐Ling , Yang Peng‐Yuan , Fan Guo‐Rong , Tian Yu‐Ping , Lu Hao‐Jie , Jin Hong 
Published: July 2006

AbstractThe silica‐based poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) microfluidic enzymatic reactor was reported along with its analytical features in coupling with MALDI TOF and ESI MS. Microfluidic chip was fabricated using PDMS casting and O2‐plasma techniques, and used for the preparation of enzymatic reactor. Plasma oxidation for PDMS enabled the channel wall of microfluidics to present a layer of silanol (SiOH) groups. These SiOH groups as anchors onto the microchannel wall were linked covalently with the hydroxy groups of trypsin‐encapsulated sol matrix. As a result, the leakage of sol‐gel matrix from the microchannel was effectively prevented. On‐line protein analysis was performed with the microfluidic enzymatic reactor by attachment of stainless steel tubing electrode and replaceable tip. The success of trypsin encapsulation was investigated by capillary electrophoresis (CE) detection, and MALDI TOF and ESI MS analysis. The lab‐made device provided excellent extent of digestion even at the fast flow rate of 7.0 (L/min with very short residence time of ca. 2 s. In addition, the encapsulated trypsin exhibits increased stability even after continuous use. These features are the most requisite for high‐throughput protein identification.
Homocoupling of Aryl Bromides Catalyzed by Nickel Chloride in Pyridine
Authors: Tao Xiao‐Chun , Zhou Wei , Zhang Yue‐Ping , Dai Chun‐Ya , Shen Dong , Huang Mei 
Published: July 2006

AbstractPyridine was used as a solvent for homocoupling of aryl bromides catalyzed by nickel chloride/triarylphosphine in the presence of zinc and recycled easily. Triphenylphosphine was the best ligand for nickel in this coupling reaction.
Synthesis and Structure Elucidation of New Spiro Compounds with Per(poly)fluoroalkyl Group
Authors: Shi Zhi‐Jian , Ni Hua‐Wen , Cao Wei‐Guo , Liu Wei‐Xia , Liang Chao 
Published: July 2006

AbstractA series of spiro compounds have been synthesized via several steps. The structure of these compounds were confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR, MS spectra and X‐ray diffraction analysis. The possible mechanism to form these products was also proposed.