bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Infectome Analysis of Small Mammals in Southern China Reveals Ecological Associations and Emerging Threats from Diverse Pathogens
Authors: Xin Genyang , Wang Daxi , Zhang Xin , Cen Qingquan , Peng Minwu , Liao Yuqi , Wang Jing , Le Shijia , Cheng Jinxia , Wu Wei-chen , Hou Xin , Luo Gengyan , Gou Qinyu , Kong Jianbin , Pan Zhu , Li Dongqing , Gan Shipei , Chen An , Zhao Hailong , Shi Peibo , Ren Zirui , Zhao Weiqi , Liu Jiajun , Jia Penghui , Sun Changyun , Lin Wenqing , Wu Jun , Kuang Guopeng , Chen Jingdiao , Li Junhua , Holmes Edward C. , Deng Ziqing , Shi Mang 
Published: February 2025

AbstractSmall mammals harbor a diverse array of zoonotic pathogens. To date, however, metagenomic surveys of these species have primarily focused on viral diversity, with limited attention paid to bacteria and eukaryotic pathogens. Additionally, the ecological determinants of pathogen diversity within these mammals have not been systematically examined. Herein, we employed a metatranscriptomics approach to survey the pathogen infectome of 2,408 individual samples, representing lung, liver, and gut tissues from 858 animals collected throughout Guangdong province, China, with a study design that accounted for host species, tissue, season, and geographic location. We identified 76 pathogen species, including 29 RNA viruses, 12 DNA viruses, 5 bacteria, and 30 eukaryotic pathogens, 33 of which were newly discovered. Tissue distribution analysis revealed distinct organotropisms, suggesting varied transmission routes, while host distribution analysis showed that each animal carried an average of one pathogen, with 10 pathogens widely distributed among mammalian orders. Our characterization of the geographic and seasonal patterns revealed that pathogen richness was primarily influenced by region, host species, and season, while pathogen composition was largely shaped by host genetic distance. Collectively, these data provide the first comprehensive insight into the dynamics of the pathogen infectome in these key mammalian disease reservoirs, highlighting the major factors driving pathogen diversity and transmission.
Cross-membrane cooperation among bacteria can facilitate intracellular pathogenesis
Authors: Schator Daniel , Kumar Naren G , Chong Samuel Joseph U , Jung Timothy K , Jedel Eric , Smith Benjamin E , Evans David J , Fleiszig Suzanne M J 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPseudomonas aeruginosais a Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen able to cause life- and sight-threating infections. Once considered an extracellular pathogen, numerous studies have shown it can survive intracellularly. Previously, we showed thatP. aeruginosainside cells can diversify into distinct subpopulations in vacuoles and the cytoplasm. Here, we report that the transition from vacuoles to cytoplasm requires collaboration with the extracellular subpopulation, through Ca2+influx enabled by their type III secretion system (T3SS) translocon pore proteins. Moreover, we show that collaboration amongP. aeruginosasubpopulations can contribute to disseminating intracellular bacteriain vivoin a mouse infection model. This study provides the basis for future studies to investigate how cooperation of extracellular and intracellular bacteria within the host may contribute to disease progression and persistence.
Functional Specialization for Language Processing in Inferior Frontal Regions During Early Childhood: Evidence from functional near-infrared spectroscopy individual functional channels of interest approach
Authors: Luo Haolun , Yu Tao , Li Qun , Sheng Li 
Published: February 2025

AbstractEarly language acquisition represents a fundamental achievement in cognitive development, yet the neural mechanisms underlying this process remain debated. Using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) with an innovative functional Channel of Interest (fCOI) approach, we investigated the functional specialization for language processing in bilateral inferior frontal regions during early childhood. In two experiments involving adults (N=20) and toddlers (N=22, ages 2-4 years), participants completed language processing and cognitive control tasks. Results demonstrated early functional specialization in the language-selective region of left inferior frontal gyrus, which showed selective responses to linguistic content while remaining insensitive to cognitive demand manipulations in both age groups. However, language selectivity in the homologous right hemisphere region was present only in adults, suggesting continued development of language organization beyond early childhood. The MD regions showed complementary patterns, with right-hemispheric selectivity for cognitive control emerging early. These findings provide evidence for early neural specialization of language processing in the left hemisphere, while revealing ongoing development in right hemispheric organization. Our results support models of early language-specific neural circuits rather than gradual differentiation from domain-general mechanisms, while highlighting the protracted development of language organization.RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTSValidated language localizer task in fNIRS using individual functional Channel of Interest approach, enabling reliable investigation of early language networks.Demonstrated a double dissociation between neural processors in inferior frontal gyrus for language and domain-general cognition (cognitive load) in children as young as 2.Supports early neural specialization for language processing rather than gradual emergence from domain-general networks.
“I think it made me a better person”: fostering personal-social development among immigrant youth through the SExT theatre programme
Authors: Taylor Shira B. , Calzavara Liviana , Flicker Sarah , Kontos Pia , Schwartz Robert 
Published: February 2025

PurposeImmigrant youth face both unique and disproportionate barriers to sexual health. Targeted sexual health education to redress these disparities requires creative and inclusive approaches that consider personal and community challenges and strengths. This study piloted a novel intervention: SExT: Sex Education by Theatre, a theatre-based, culturally-relevant, participatory action research programme delivered in an immigration destination neighbourhood in Toronto, Canada.Design/methodology/approachNineteen youth were trained as peer educators. They participated in theatre-based workshops on sexual health topics which culminated in a performance for local peers. Mixed methods evaluation included surveys which investigated changes in personal and social development over three time-points (pre, post, 4-month follow-up). The impact of the intervention on peer educators was explored in greater depth using qualitative peer interviews and focus groups.FindingsQuantitative study findings indicated that peer educators experienced significant improvements in personal growth, social inclusion and social engagement after participating in SExT and these improvements were maintained at follow-up. Thematic qualitative analysis further indicates that meaningful involvement in a sex education theatre intervention may protect against adverse outcomes and promote self-actualization, connection and active citizenship.Originality/valueThis research stands out for its innovative approach to addressing sexual health disparities among immigrant youth in Toronto using culturally relevant theatre-based peer education. SExT may serve as a model for sexual health interventions for newcomer youth and other priority groups in diverse contexts.
House prices drivers in Greece and Portugal: a cointegration analysis
Authors: Gkiosis Petros , Chapsa Xanthippi 
Published: February 2025

PurposeThe purpose of the article is to contribute to the existing growth literature by exploring the complex dynamics between house prices and macroeconomic factors such as gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, interest rates, employment and inflation in two countries sharing common geopolitical and socioeconomic characteristics, namely Greece and Portugal.Design/methodology/approachThe autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) cointegration methodology is applied, as proposed by Pesaran and Shin (1995) and Pesaran et al. (2001) in the presence of structural breaks. The bounds-testing ARDL model is used due to its numerous advantages, while the unit root test with breaks was performed in order to capture events capable of causing regime changes.FindingsThe analysis reveals evidence of a strong association between housing prices and inflation in both the long run and the short run. With respect to the other housing price determinants, evidence is mixed according to the country selected.Originality/valueThis work is inspired by the determinant role of housing prices in the economic system, household wealth and the standard of living in the last decades. Using various theoretical and methodological approaches, these studies have focused on the importance attached to several factors affecting house prices, such as GDP per capita, inflation, employment, interest rates, etc.
Human vs virtual influencers and message framing: enhancing environmental awareness, activism and sustainable purchase intentions through effective messaging
Authors: Nazir Mehvish , Wani Tahir Ahmad 
Published: February 2025

Purpose
With the advent of metaverse, virtual influencers (VIs) are on the rise and so is their usage in advertisement of various products and services. This study aims to explore the domain of sustainable marketing and presents whether a VI can be more effective than their human counterparts (HIs) when it comes to environmental messaging. The study uses the concept of message frames to check which message frame and influencer type leads to more effective communication and ultimately sustainable purchase decisions.

Design/methodology/approach
A 2 × 2 experimental design was employed to check the effect of the type of influencer (HI vs VIs) on message effectiveness using positive and negative message frames which ultimately affect the purchase intentions of the followers. A combination of two-way ANOVA along with PLS-SEM was used to validate the hypothesized relationships.

Findings
The findings from the structural equation modelling revealed that HIs still continue to be better at communicating environmental messages than VIs. Further, in lines with the previous research this study highlighted the importance of negative message frames in enhancing the effectiveness of posts related to environmental causes. Additionally, the study revealed a positive association between message effectiveness, consequential awareness, environmental activism and sustainable purchase intentions.

Originality/value
Though there is an emergent interest in VIs, scant literature exists on how they encourage sustainable consumer behaviour. This study attempts to fill this gap by assessing the comparison between VIs and HIs in terms of promoting sustainable consumption. It is a novel effort in the crossover of sustainable marketing and influencer marketing.
Lexical density in English newspapers – a cross-analysis of the New York Times and Arab News
Authors: Alzahrani Hayat 
Published: February 2025

PurposeThis study examines the lexical density of articles from The New York Times (TNYT) and Arab News (AN), analyzing its impact on the readability and accessibility of content for general audiences, particularly non-native English speakers. It also considers other features affecting readability in these newspapers.Design/methodology/approachThe chosen method for lexical density is Ure’s content-to-total word ratio, while readability is calculated with the help of the Flesch–Kincaid Grade Level. The analysis involves the use of descriptive statistics and Pearson’s correlation coefficient to determine the relationship between lexical density and readability. A qualitative content analysis is used for in-depth analysis of contextual factors affecting text comprehensibility. The dataset comprises 100 articles: 50 articles from TNYT and 50 articles from AN, between 2022 and 2024 and covered topics related to climate change and the environment.FindingsThe findings revealed that AN has an average lexical density of 56.54% while TNYT has 57.96%. Nevertheless, the above difference is not statistically significant. In addition, lexical density has a positive correlation (0.6332) with Flesch–Kincaid Grade-Level scores. Therefore, this implies that reading comprehension decreases as lexical density increases. Qualitative findings indicate that AN emphasizes regional adaptation and increased contextual explanations, which can increase comprehensibility for non-native English speakers.Research limitations/implicationsOne of the limitations of this research involves the exploration of two English-language newspapers from Western and Middle-Eastern world regions. This means that the findings cannot accurately reflect the audiences in these two regions. Additionally, this study did not involve the comparison of tolerance thresholds for lexical density among different groups, such as native and non-native English language speakers. In the future, researchers should examine the same topic by considering other Western and Middle-Eastern newspapers that were not covered in this study. In addition, interviews with experts and tests should be administered to compare the impacts of lexical density on comprehensibility between native and non-native English language speakers.Originality/valueThis research contributes to the knowledge of how lexical density affects readability in Western and non-Western English newspapers. It provides insights for media outlets aiming to enhance content accessibility for diverse, global audiences.
Investigation of the Potential Treatment Effect of Botulinum Toxin Type A in Ovarian Torsion: Findings From the Rat Model
Authors: Ateş Çağlayan , Dilbaz Berna , Ergani Seval Yılmaz , Seçken Pelin , Köse Caner 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe aim of this study was to investigate the effects of botulinum toxin A on histological abnormalities, loss of ovarian reserve, and angiogenesis within the ovarian torsion–detorsion paradigm.MethodsA total of 45 female Wistar albino rats were used for the study. The rats were randomly divided into five groups (n = 9 in each group): Control, Torsion, Torsion + Detorsion, Torsion + Detorsion + Botulinum toxin, and Botulinum toxin only. Follicular cell degeneration, vascular congestion, hemorrhage, inflammation, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression scores were compared histopathologically between the groups. Follicle numbers were compared. Anti‐mullerian hormone levels were measured before and after torsion, detorsion, and treatments.ResultsFollicular cell degeneration, vascular congestion, hemorrhage, inflammation, and VEGF expression differed significantly between groups for each score (p < 0.001). The VEGF expression score was found to increase more in the torsion + detorsion + botulinum toxin group than in the torsion + detorsion group (2.67 ± 0.71 and 2.22 ± 0.67, respectively). There was a significant difference between the groups in secondary follicle counts (p = 0.04). The groups showed statistically significant differences in their anti‐mullerian hormone levels (p < 0.001).ConclusionThis initial investigation of the effects of botulinum toxin on ovarian torsion (OT) has shown that botulinum toxin type A has the potential to be a useful adjunct treatment for fertility preservation. Our results proved the ovarian protective effect of botulinum toxin type A in rats with OT. Therefore, botulinum toxin type A may be a potential preventive agent against ovarian damage caused by torsion in the future.
Galectin‐1 Regulates Inflammatory Responses and Promotes Microglial M2 Polarization in Chronic Migraine
Authors: Xiao Yue , Han Wei , Yu Ming , Jiang Jianzhong , Zhu Yuanyuan 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTChronic migraine (CM) is a severe and debilitating neurological disorder with an unclear pathophysiology. Galectin‐1, a β‐galactoside‐binding protein, is known for its anti‐inflammatory and immune‐regulatory effects in various inflammation‐related diseases. However, its role in CM has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we analysed data from CM patients and employed a nitroglycerin‐induced CM mouse model to explore the potential role of galectin‐1. Serum galectin‐1 levels were significantly lower in CM patients compared with healthy controls. Additionally, galectin‐1 levels were negatively correlated with Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Headache Impact Test (HIT‐6) scores. CM patients also exhibited elevated levels of IL‐6 and TNF‐α and reduced levels of IL‐10. Notably, galectin‐1 levels were inversely correlated with IL‐6 and TNF‐α and positively correlated with IL‐10. In the CM mouse model, galectin‐1 expression was significantly reduced in the spinal trigeminal nucleus caudalis (Sp5C) region. Supplementation with galectin‐1 significantly increased paw and periorbital mechanical thresholds and reduced light aversion and anxiety‐like behaviours. Moreover, galectin‐1 enhanced microglial morphology, promoted M2 polarization, reduced the expression of pro‐inflammatory factors IL‐6 and TNF‐α and increased levels of the anti‐inflammatory cytokine IL‐10. Mechanistically, the effects of galectin‐1 on microglia may involve the activation of the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway, as evidenced by increased phosphorylation of PI3K and AKT. In summary, our study demonstrates that galectin‐1 plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of chronic migraine. Exogenous supplementation of galectin‐1 effectively alleviates migraine symptoms and promotes microglial M2 polarization, suggesting that galectin‐1 may represent a novel therapeutic target for CM.
Clinical efficacy of adjunctive use of coenzyme Q10 in non‐surgical periodontal treatment: A systematic review
Authors: Fernandez Matheus dos Santos , Martins Thiago Marchi , Meza‐Mauricio Jonathan , Ribeiro Mauro Cardoso , Silva Francisco Hecktheuer , Casarin Maísa , Muniz Francisco Wilker Mustafa Gomes 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis systematic review evaluated the effects of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) in non‐surgical periodontal treatment (PROSPERO: CRD42022311286). Five databases were screened (up to May/2024). It included only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of subgingival scaling root planing (SRP) with or without adjunct use of the antioxidant CoQ10 in adults with periodontitis. The risk of bias and the certainty of the evidence were assessed. Meta‐analyses were conducted to estimate mean differences for probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment level (CAL) between baseline and follow‐up. Ten studies were included, of which four administered CoQ10 locally (topical [n = 1]; intra‐pocket [n = 3] modalities), and six used oral supplementation. There was no significant effect of local use of CoQ10 on reduction of PD and gain in CAL. Daily oral supplementation (120 mg/day) with CoQ10 resulted in a greater mean reduction of PD by 0.41 mm (95% CI: 0.02–0.80) and a greater mean CAL gain by 0.52 mm (95% CI: 0.26–0.78) than seen in controls. Based on very low certainty of evidence, there was no significant effect of locally delivered Q10 gel on PD/CAL, but daily oral supplementation with CoQ10 resulted in better periodontal health after 12 weeks.
A Robust Numerical Approach for the Fractional Polio Model by the Genocchi Wavelet Collocation Method
Authors: G Manohara , S Kumbinarasaiah 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper proposes an innovative numerical method called the Genocchi wavelet collocation method (GWCM) for the numerical study of fractional Polio model. The newly developed numerical algorithm is based on a functional basis and operational matrices of the Genocchi wavelets generated by the Genocchi polynomials. The desired model is in the form of fractional system of ordinary differential equations (SODE). The developed technique transforms the desired model into a framework of nonlinear algebraic equations with the help of operational matrices and equispaced collocation points. The Newton–Raphson method is used to solve the resulting system and yields an approximate solution of the nonlinear SODEs. The fractional orders in the SODEs are concerned in the Caputo sense. The GWCM findings are further corroborated by the results of the Runge–Kutta and NDSolver techniques to show the effectiveness of the suggested numerical algorithm. The technique’s validity and efficacy are demonstrated using numerical illustration. The acquired numerical results are reasonably consistent with the ND Solver results that have been explained in the tables and figures. The error and convergence analysis of the Genocchi wavelets has been also discussed for the applicability of the present method. The numerical outcomes demonstrate that (GWCM) is incredibly effective and precise for solving the polio model of fractional order. Mathematical software called Mathematica has been used for numerical computations and implementation.
Statics Analysis for Multibody Systems Containing Ball-and-Socket Joints Based on the Reduced Transfer Matrix Method
Authors: Zhang Jianshu , Zhang Xizhe , Rui Xiaoting , Liu Zhengquan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Figuring out the static equilibrium position of the system is necessary and essential for various multibody systems, either for providing an initial condition for transient dynamics analysis or facilitating the stability analysis of the system. Regardless of the strategy employed, the system needs to be analyzed first to establish its dynamics equations. The reduced multibody system transfer matrix method is a fully recursive dynamic method that uses joint coordinates and is an effective approach for analyzing system dynamics. The generalized accelerations can be quickly obtained, given the generalized coordinates and velocities of the system. For systems without constraint equations, the nonlinear equations for which the generalized accelerations are zero can be solved to obtain the static equilibrium position quickly. However, inherent singularities occur if Euler angles are used as the generalized coordinates for ball-and-socket joints. Therefore, Euler parameters are adopted as the generalized coordinates for ball-and-socket joints. Since Euler parameters are not independent and subject to constraint equation, the equilibrium cannot be obtained by solving only a system of nonlinear equations with zero generalized accelerations. In this paper, the reduced transfer equations of the ball-and-socket joint elements with Euler parameters are derived. Based on this, a static equilibrium solution for multibody systems containing ball-and-socket joints is established, focusing on deriving the Jacobian matrices. Numerical examples, along with comparative analyses of the dynamic method, validates the proposed method.