bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Blood profile as a health indicator in broiler chickens fed diets of different particle sizes supplemented with multienzyme
Authors: Kareem Damilola Uthman , Amos Adedoyin Titi , Idowu Olubukola Precious Adepeju , Bonagurio Lucas Pimentel , Idowu Olusegun Mark Obafemi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This study evaluated the health effects of feeding diets of different feed particle sizes supplemented with multienzyme to broiler chickens. Cobb500 (n = 450) broiler chicks (as hatched) were randomly distributed to nine treatments, with each treatment consisting of five replicates of ten birds. The experiment was arranged in a 3 × 3 factorial (three feed particle sizes [3, 4, and 5 mm] and three multienzyme supplementations [0, 1, and 2 g/kg]). The blood indices of the chickens were evaluated. The data were subjected to Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and means were compared using the Tukey Test at a 5 % probability level. The correlation between the growth performance and blood indices was also calculated. Birds fed the 3 mm particle sizes had decreased (p < 0.05) red blood cell (RBC) and lymphocyte counts with increased multienzyme at the starter phase, while the other haematological indicators increased as the multienzyme supplementation increased. Feeding the 4 mm particle size yielded similar (p < 0.05) total protein, triglyceride, and uric acid for all multienzyme inclusions. An increase in the multienzyme inclusion increased (p < 0.05) the RBC of birds fed the 5 mm particles with a decreased (p < 0.05) white blood cell (WBC) and eosinophil counts. At the finisher phase, serum albumin increased (p < 0.05) while alkaline phosphatase (ALP) decreased (p < 0.05), with increased multienzyme inclusion in birds fed the diet of 3 mm particles. Birds fed 4 mm particles had increased (p < 0.05) ALP and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) with increased multienzyme, while those fed the 5 mm particle size had increased (p < 0.05) albumin, aspartate transaminase (AST) as multienzyme supplementation increased. The correlation between growth performance and blood indices showed that feed intake (FI) has a significant (p < 0.05) impact on the blood profile of broiler chickens. The study concluded that other growth performance indicators, except the feed intake, have no impact on the blood profile of broilers. Feed particle sizes impact feed intake in broiler chickens which consequently impacts their blood composition. Therefore, the size of broiler feed particles has an impact on the health and well-being of the birds.
Investigating Billingual Education as A Language Framework and Its Application for Successful Social Engagement
Authors: Cesaria Anna , Adnan Mazlini , Kemal Edwar , Asty Herfyna , Septia Emil , Perpisa Lili , Putra Eka 
Published: April 2024

Objective: The research reveals the impact of the course on English and English for mathematics conversations, highlighting improvements and identifying challenges in expressing mathematical ideas. Overall, it aims to analyze code-switching types and reasons in the English for Mathematics course context. Method: This qualitative case study explores code-switching in English for Mathematics courses, unveiling the nuanced types employed by lecturers and students during classroom interactions. From tag-switching to intra-sentential and inter-sentential code-switching, the classroom becomes a dynamic linguistic canvas. The study investigates motivations behind this interplay, including internal factors like language proficiency and fear of linguistic missteps, and external influences like participant dynamics and contextual nuances. Research Findings and Discussions: Although this course is due in English, the use of the Indonesian language also happens for both lecturers and students. The occurrences of code-switching itself are on the type of tag switching, intra-sentential, and inter-sentential switching. Internal and external factors influence code-switching in classroom interactions. Internal factors, such as language ability and preferences, impact students' comfort with using specific languages. External factors, including participants, context, and lesson topics, also shape code-switching occurrences in educational settings. Research Implications: The research implied to improve students' English proficiency in mathematics, emphasizing understanding mathematical terms and delivering presentations in English. By implementing the code switching. Originality/Value: This research offers lecturers and students point of views related to the types of code switching used by both of them in the process of teaching and learning as well as it is also reasons for using code switching where it contributes for both of them to understand and master the English for Mathematics Course. Then, this exploration offers insights into the symbiotic relationship between language and subject matter within the English for Mathematics classroom, revealing the vibrant tapestry of this linguistic and educational dynamic.
The system of images in A. Varlamov's novel "The Mental Wolf"
Authors: Niu Yueqiu 
Published: April 2024

This article is devoted to the study of the images of the main characters of the novel, representing the author's complex view of the pre-Soviet period of Russian history, the First World War and the Revolution. Each character is characterized by his own system of ideological coordinates that form the picture of the world in the novel, expressing the national and cultural consciousness of the era. The character's deep characterization is based on a value paradigm, the constituent elements of which are attitude to nature, religion, homeland, and war. It is considered how these value characteristics are reflected in the life position of each character represented in the novel.The purpose of the article is to consider the system of images in A. Varlamov's novel "The Mental Wolf". The need to consider this problem is determined by the general literary position that the author's idea of life is expressed through a system of characters. The author uses the following research methods: comparative, hermeneutical and comparative typological. With the help of a systematic approach, an analytical study of images is provided. The analysis of the image system in the novel allowed us to correlate the images with the compositional structure of the work, to consider their position in the chronotope, to determine the characterological conflict in the novel. As the analysis made it possible to determine, the characters of Varlamov's novel form a system. Its main feature is the complex connections between the characters. The system of images in the novel is based on the idea of their attraction – repulsion. Relevance is seen in addressing one of the key problems of literary criticism based on the work of a modern author. It is established that complex connections of attraction, repulsion and pair interaction are established between the characters of the novel, which ultimately allows us to talk about a complex ideological concept of the novel depicting a person and his spiritual world in an era of changing social, cultural and political paradigms.
Impact of atopic dermatitis on quality of life in children and their families: A tertiary care hospital-based study from Northern India
Authors: Ailawadi Pallavi , Pal Vishal , Singal Archana , Pandhi Deepika 
Published: April 2024

Objectives:
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that is more frequent among children. Childhood is a critical time for physical and psychosocial development and AD develops more commonly in children in the first five years of life. The objective of the study was to determine the impact of AD on the quality of life (QoL) of Indian children and their families and correlate it with AD severity and the perception of severity as estimated by the family.

Material and Methods:
In the present study, 30 children clinically diagnosed with AD and 30 age- and sex-matched healthy controls presenting to our hospital were evaluated. Data on QOL were obtained through a questionnaire; Infants Dermatitis Quality of Life Index (IDQOL), Children’s Dermatology Life Quality Index (CDLQI), and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DQLI) were used for patients,and the Dermatitis Family Impact (DFI) questionnaire for the family of the patients. The severity of the disease was determined using the Scoring for AD (SCORAD) index.

Results:
In our study, there were 16 male patients and 14 female patients. History of atopy was significantly higher in children with AD (p <0.001); 13 patients had mild, 17 had moderate, and none of the patients had severe disease. The severity of the disease was found to correlate negatively with the age of the child. IDQOL positively correlated with the age of children with AD (r = 0.865, P < 0.001). CDLQI negatively correlated with the age of children with AD (r = −0.616, P = 0.033). Impairment in IDQOL and CDLQI showed a significant positive correlation with DFI (r = 0.846, P < 0.001; r = 0.910, P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
AD is associated with lowered QOL of the patient,which increases with the severity of the disease. Itch and sleep disturbance were the most severely affected symptoms of AD. The disease significantly impacted the QOL of the family. The main issue with parents caring for AD children is continuous expenditure on treatment, emotional distress, and physical exhaustion. Therefore, efforts are needed to help parents by medical care personnel so that the outcomes in both the child and the significantly burdened parent caregiver can be improved.
Surgical demands of patients attending an Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery clinic in a Nigerian Hospital
Authors: Edetanlen Ekaniyere Benlance , Saheeb Birch Dauda 
Published: April 2024

Objectives:
Reports on most performed oral and maxillofacial surgical procedures (OMSPs) are scarce globally. This study aimed to determine the pattern of surgical demands of patients attending oral and maxillofacial surgery services at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Edo State, Nigeria.

Materials and Methods:
A retrospective study was conducted on patients managed in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery from March 2011 to April 2021. Data were collected from theatre logbooks and case notes of patients who had surgery. The data collected were the age of patients, gender, employment status, educational status, residential distance to the hospital, and type of surgery performed. Descriptive statistics were done using the IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences statistics for Windows version 20 (Armonk, NY: IBM Corp) software.

Results:
A total number of 550 patients were seen in the ten-year study period. The age of the patients ranges between 2 and 97 years. The mean age was 23.5 ± 2.08 years. More than half (55.6%) of the patients were male. The highest (47.1%) number of patients that had OMSP had only primary education, followed by tertiary education (25.1%), secondary (17.8%), and no formal education (10.0%). Cleft lip and palate repairs were the most common surgical demands (34.5%), followed by mandibulectomy, open reduction, and fixation. The least surgical demands were neck dissections (0.36%), and none (0.0%) of the patients had cosmetic surgery.

Conclusion:
The most common surgical demand by patients was cleft lip and palate repairs, while neck dissection was the least common demand, respectively.
Lived experiences of adolescents with major depressive disorder during the COVID pandemic: A qualitative study from a tertiary care center
Authors: Jha Amit , Kiragasur Rajendra Madegowda , Manohar Harshini , Kommu John Vijay Sagar 
Published: April 2024

Objectives:
Depression is a leading cause of global disease burden and morbidity among adolescents. Studies have reported higher rates of depression and anxiety secondary to the COVID pandemic and the psychosocial impact of social distancing measures. There is a paucity of literature on the subjective experiences of depressed adolescents in such pandemic circumstances. The objective of this study was to explore the lived experiences of adolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD) during the COVID pandemic, and the impact of the pandemic, and pandemic-related circumstances on adolescents’ mental health and coping.

Materials and Methods:
In-depth interviews with eight adolescents diagnosed with MDD were analyzed using interpretative phenomenological analysis.

Results:
The analysis revealed three major themes; “The pandemic was arduous,” “Negativity in family interactions,” and “Effects on depression.” Most adolescents coped using excessive screen time as a distraction, and their families perceived them as indolent.

Conclusion:
The study found that adolescents’ experience of depression during the pandemic was extremely overwhelming because, on the one hand, they had to deal with immediate COVID infection-related worries and were not able to adjust to the new routine, not able to concentrate during online classes while also dealing with greater interpersonal discord with their parents and limited social resources for coping. The findings expand the clinical understanding of adolescents’ experience of depression during pandemic circumstances and would aid in better management planning.
Lack of habituation of visual-evoked potential in the interictal period is not a consistent neurophysiological marker of migraine: A cross-sectional analytical study
Authors: Rani Ankita , Sugumaran Ramkumar , Narayan Sunil K. 
Published: April 2024

Objectives:
Migraine is a frequent incapacitating neurovascular illness characterized by severe headache bouts. Individuals suffering from migraine appear to process auditory and visual information differently from those without migraine. The visual-evoked potential (VEP) is a commonly used standardized test to measure excitability in the occipital cortex. Patients with migraine exhibit amplification rather than habituation of stimulus-induced brain responses, between attacks. Our objective is to compare the amplitude of P100 and the latencies of N75, P100, and N145 (N and P represent negative and positive peaks, respectively, with average latency being subscripted with the alphabet) in the fourth block between migraine patients and controls and to determine the various clinical factors associated with the P100 mean amplitude and latency differences between the first and the fourth block in migraine patients.

Materials and Methods:
The study compared 20 migraine patients (with or without aura) and 20 apparently healthy subjects with no history of migraines or secondary headaches, focusing on the habituation of the VEP. Four blocks of 200 responses were recorded during the headache-free period, and the latencies and amplitudes of N75, P100, and N145 components were analyzed.

Results:
There was a statistically significant (P < 0.05) decrement in the P100 amplitude in the fourth block when compared to the first block in both eyes in the controls as well as migraine patients. In addition, there was no statistically significant difference between controls and migraine sufferers in the P100 amplitude of the fourth block in either eye. The N145 latency in the fourth block was shorter in both eyes in migraine patients compared to controls (P < 0.05). The mean P100 amplitude difference between the first and fourth block correlated negatively with age and positively with headache frequency, while there was a moderate negative correlation with headache duration. The mean P100 latency difference between the first and fourth block correlated positively with age and negatively with headache frequency, while there was a moderate positive correlation with headache duration.

Conclusion:
In our study, VEP habituation was not lacking in migraine patients which means that habituation of the P100 wave was noted in migraineurs. The VEP reveals neurological changes due to ischemia injury or neurotransmitter imbalances. Migraine alters cortical excitability, but it is unclear if these changes are due to altered excitatory connections, damaged inhibitory networks or subcortical pre-activation. Our findings suggest that at least during the interictal period, lack of habituation cannot be employed as a consistent neurophysiological marker of migraine across laboratories.
Acreditación internacional de carreras de ingeniería
Authors: Peláez Valencia Luis Eduardo , Trefftz Helmuth , Delgado-González Iván Andrés 
Published: April 2024

Las Instituciones de Educación Superior (IES) están en la búsqueda permanente de herramientas, que les permitan ofrecer un servicio de educación superior en óptimas condiciones de calidad en todas las profesiones y disciplinas que ofrecen a través de sus programas académicos. Para lograrlo, encuentran los procesos de acreditación en alta calidad como el sello que les reconoce su trabajo y su madurez para ofrecer un buen servicio, y la manera de hacer llegar a la sociedad en general su compromiso con la calidad enmarcado en un proceso de evaluación y acreditación por parte de una entidad externa. En este trabajo, se presenta la exploración del estado de la cuestión para la acreditación internacional en alta calidad de los programas de Ingeniería. Particularmente, las propuestas contempladas por los modelos de ABET, EUR-ACE y ARCU-SUR. Su propósito es que las IES, y particularmente las facultades de ingeniería, conozcan las alternativas más comunes, su impacto y el valor agregado en cada caso.
Pemanfaatan Informasi dan Teknologi Komunikasi di Pesantren Mizanul Ulum
Authors: Indra Dolly , Alwi Erick Irawadi 
Published: April 2024

Pesantren Mizanul Ulum mempunyai permasalahan dalam kegiatan pendidikan yaitu model pembelajaran yang diberikan guru kepada para santri bersifat konvensional dan belum memanfaatkan teknologi komputer. Pengabdian yang kami lakukan bertujuan agar mitra mendapat pengetahuan tentang manfaat informasi dan teknologi komunikasi dengan cara melakukan sosialisasi dan pelatihan kepada para guru. Sosialisasi dan pelatihan modul pembelajaran terdiri dari pembelajaran Word, Excel, Power Point dan penggunaan Google Forms. Untuk mengetahui hasil dari sosialisasi ini, kami melakukan evaluasi terhadap guru melalui pretest dan posttest dengan jumlah soal sebanyak 30 soal dengan skor maksimal 30. Peserta yang terlibat dalam sosialisasi sebanyak 16 orang guru. Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi diketahui bahwa skor pretest adalah 334 dan skor posttest adalah 414. Rata-rata skor pretest adalah 20,875 dan posttest adalah 25,875 sedangkan skor pretest maksimum adalah 26 dan posttest adalah 28, skor minimum untuk pretest adalah 15 dan posttest adalah 23. Kegiatan sosialisasi yang kami lakukan ini pada Pesantren Mizanul Ulum Sanrobone Kabupaten Takalar mampu meningkatkan pengetahuan para guru.
Near-infrared spectroscopy monitoring in severe pediatric abusive head trauma
Authors: Lang Shih-Shan , Kumar Nankee K. , Rahman Raphia , Tucker Alexander , Flanders Tracy M. , Heuer Gregory G. , Storm Phillip B. , Zhao Chao , Huh Jimmy W. 
Published: April 2024

OBJECTIVE
Abusive head trauma (AHT) is one of the most devastating forms of pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI). It commonly presents with seizures, which may contribute to poor neurological outcome following trauma. Noninvasive near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) neuromonitoring may provide information on cerebral oxygenation and perfusion. In this study, the authors evaluated whether NIRS regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2) values were associated with seizure activity confirmed by electroencephalography (EEG) and whether NIRS neuromonitoring could aid in seizure detection in patients with severe AHT.

METHODS
The authors retrospectively analyzed pediatric patients aged ≤ 18 years who were admitted to a quaternary urban pediatric hospital from 2016 to 2022 with severe AHT, who received NIRS and EEG monitoring during their hospital course. They evaluated clinical presentation and hospital course, including imaging findings, EEG findings, and NIRS rSO2 values.

RESULTS
Nineteen patients with severe AHT were monitored with both EEG and NIRS. The median age was 3.4 months, and 14 patients experienced seizures confirmed by EEG. On average, rSO2 values before, during, and after seizure did not differ significantly. However, within individual patients, bilateral regional NIRS rSO2 (bilateral forehead region) was seen to rise in the hour preceding seizure activity and during periods of frequent seizure activity, confirmed by EEG in the bilateral frontal-midline brain regions.

CONCLUSIONS
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the largest study to analyze NIRS and seizures confirmed by EEG in the severe AHT population. The relationship between NIRS values and seizures in this series of pediatric patients with severe AHT suggests that, overall, regional NIRS cannot predict early seizures. However, increased cerebral oxygenation preceding seizure activity and during seizure activity may be detected by regional NIRS in certain patients with local seizure activity. Future studies with larger sample sizes may help elucidate the relationship between seizures and cerebral oxygenation in different regions in severe pediatric AHT.
Mental health comorbidities in workers’ compensation patients and the effect on pain, disability, quality of life, and return to work after lumbar spine surgery
Authors: Monk Steve H. , Hani Ummey , Stanley Gerry , Pfortmiller Deborah , Kim Paul K. , Bohl Michael A. , Holland Christopher M. , McGirt Matthew J. 
Published: April 2024

OBJECTIVE
The impact of mental health comorbidities on outcomes after lumbar spine surgery in workers’ compensation (WC) patients has not been robustly explored. The goal of this study was to examine the impact of mental health comorbidities on pain, disability, quality of life, and return to work after lumbar spine surgery in WC patients.

METHODS
A nationwide, prospective surgical outcomes registry (National Neurosurgery Quality Outcomes Database [N2QOD]) was queried for all patients who underwent 1- to 4-level lumbar decompression and/or fusion from 2012 to 2021. Patients were stratified on the basis of compensation status into non-WC (25,507) and WC (1018) cohorts. Baseline demographic data, perioperative safety data, and patient-reported outcome measures were compared between groups. The WC cohort was further subdivided on the basis of mental health status into patients with anxiety and depression (n = 107) and those without anxiety and depression (n = 911). Propensity matching was used to generate parity between these subgroups, generating 214 patients (107 pairs) for analysis. Perioperative safety, facility utilization, 1-year patient-reported outcomes (back and leg pain, disability, and quality of life), and return to work were measured as a function of WC and mental health comorbidity status.

RESULTS
A total of 26,525 patients (25,507 non-WC and 1018 WC) who underwent 1- to 4-level lumbar spine surgery were reviewed. WC patients were younger, healthier (lower American Society of Anesthesiologists class), more likely to be minorities, less educated, and more likely to smoke and had greater baseline back pain, disability, and quality of life compared to non-WC patients. The prevalence of anxiety and depression was similar between groups (11%). WC patients had worse outcomes for all measures and lower rates of return to work compared to non-WC patients. WC patients with anxiety and depression demonstrated even greater disparities in all outcomes. After propensity matching, WC patients with anxiety and depression continued to demonstrate significantly worse outcomes in comparison to WC patients without anxiety and depression.

CONCLUSIONS
Disparities in outcomes after lumbar spine surgery in WC patients are exacerbated in patients with anxiety and depression. WC patients with mental health comorbidities receive the least benefit from lumbar spine surgery and may represent the most vulnerable subset of patients with spine pathology. Addressing mental health comorbidities preoperatively may represent an opportunity for valuable resource allocation and surgical optimization in the WC population.