bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design of Perforated Panels for Low Frequency Acoustic Correction of Rooms for Listening to Music
Authors: Panteghini Andrea , Ancellotti Francesco , Genna Francesco 
Published: January 2009

The acoustic design of rooms for listening to music or recording is a very difficult subject: in order to improve the acoustic performance of these confined rooms, it may be necessary to absorb noise energy; sometimes all audible frequencies of the spectrum, sometimes at some specific frequencies. The design is especially difficult at low frequencies, where both resonance modes and standing waves are present. For the correction of problems of this kind, a resonance cavity perforated panel can be used. In the technical literature, there are some theoretical models describing the behavior of such a panel, but the results given are scarcely informative. Here we try to develop a simple but accurate approach for the design of these devices. On the basis of a reference FEM simulation of a drilled panel which was discussed in a previous paper [4], an engineering analytical model, which can be simply implemented either in few lines of FORTRAN code or by means of free engineering software tools like OpenOffice.org , has been developed. The dependency of the panel's behavior on the design parameters is here discussed.
Verwendung von im selbstständigen Beweisverfahren eingeholten Gutachten zum Beweis von Tatsachen im Urkundenprozess
Authors: Looff Mitarbeiterin Franziska 
Published: January 2009

Abstract
Im Urkundenprozess ist die Beweiserbringung nach §§ 592 und 595 Abs. 2 und 3 ZPO lediglich durch Urkunden und ggf. durch Parteivernehmung statthaft. Lebhaft umstritten ist, ob das schriftliche Ergebnis einer Beweisaufnahme im selbstständigen Beweisverfahren als Urkunde in diesem Sinne eingeführt werden kann. Der BGH hat sich zuletzt in einer aktuellen Entscheidung vom 18.9.2007 mit dieser Frage befasst, hier insbesondere mit der Verwertbarkeit eines im selbstständigen Beweisverfahren eingeholten Sachverständigengutachtens. Dies sei Anlass für eine kritische Analyse.
The Invention of the Cyclic Mass
Authors: Kirkman Andrew 
Published: January 2009

Abstract
This article explores the origins of the notion of the polyphonic mass as an epoch-making early embodiment of the principle of musical unity and as the quintessence of the Renaissance “masterwork.” Finding no evidence for this status in the fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries, it uses surviving written materials to inquire how the mass might have been perceived by its original users. Taking this inquiry as its point of departure, the study details how the modern status of the mass evolved gradually in the course of the “rediscovery” of early music from the late eighteenth century to the early twentieth. That status arose in response to prevailing ideologies in Western European thought from the Enlightenment through Hegel, reaching its apogee (influenced by Hegel and Jacob Burckhardt) in the Geschichte der Musik of August Wilhelm Ambros. Ambros was the first music historian to place aesthetic value on music of the generation of Du Fay, and the first to broach the notion of a musical Renaissance. Although he did not actually propose a Renaissance beginning in the fifteenth century, he was construed to have done so by later writers. The subsequent location of the beginnings of a musical “Renaissance” in the early fifteenth century, and the association of the early “cyclic” mass with it, provided the linchpin in the creation of the level of prestige and historical importance enjoyed by the mass in modern music-historical writing.
The Council of Trent Revisited
Authors: Monson Craig A. 
Published: January 2009

Abstract
Reexamination of a wide range of documents surrounding the twenty-second, twenty-fourth, and twenty-fifth sessions of the Council of Trent reveals that delegates strived officially to say as little as possible about music: only that secular or impure elements should be eliminated and that specific issues should be settled locally, by individual bishops and provincial synods. But, beginning with Gustave Reese, several scholars have misleadingly strung together a preliminary canon, stressing textual intelligibility, which was never approved in the general congregations, and the few lines that actually supplanted it, concerned only with the elimination of lasciviousness. On the other hand, a largely unrecognized or misunderstood attack on church polyphony did occur at the less familiar twenty-fifth session, when Gabriele Paleotti may have attempted to suppress elaborate music in female monasteries. Although this attempt was rejected in the general congregations, its restrictions were subsequently revived by local authorities such as Paleotti and Carlo Borromeo in their own dioceses. In the Council's immediate aftermath, reformers such as Paleotti and Borromeo once again focused on the issue of intelligibility, affording it a quasi-official status that seems to have quickly become widely accepted as “iuxta formam concilii.”
From Scarlatti to “Guantanamera”: Dual Tonicity in Spanish and Latin American Musics
Authors: Manuel Peter 
Published: January 2009

Abstract
This essay explores the sense of dual tonicity evident in a set of interrelated Spanish and Latin American music genres. These genres include seventeenth-century Spanish keyboard and vihuela fandangos, and diverse folk genres of the Hispanic Caribbean Basin, including the Venezuelan galerón and the Cuban punto, zapateo, and guajira. Songs in these genres oscillate between apparent “tonic” and “dominant” chords, yet conclude on the latter chord and bear internal features that render such terminology inapplicable. Rather, such ostinatos should be understood as oscillating in a pendular fashion between two tonal centers of relatively equal stability. The ambiguous tonicity is related to the Moorish-influenced modal harmony of flamenco and Andalusian folk music; it can also be seen to have informed the modern Cuban son and the music of twentieth-century Cuban composer Amadeo Roldán.
Adémar de Chabannes, Carolingian Musical Practices, and Nota Romana
Authors: Grier James 
Published: January 2009

Abstract
Writing in 1027–28, Adémar de Chabannes states in his Chronicon that musicians at the court of Charlemagne knew and used musical notation. Authentic Carolingian sources of the eighth and ninth centuries provide striking corroboration of several elements in Adémar's narrative and so suggest that his version of events may be accurate. More important, however, are the parallels between Adémar and the Carolingian sources regarding the concern of the Frankish monarchs of the period for the quality of singing in the Frankish church, and particularly the adoption of the Roman style of performance. It was in this environment that the Frankish cantors may have developed musical notation, probably at Metz in the last decade of the eighth or first of the ninth century, to assist in the preservation and dissemination of Roman nuances of singing.
Munich, Milan, and a Marian Motet: Dating Josquin's Ave Maria …… virgo serena
Authors: Rifkin Joshua 
Published: January 2009

Abstract
Recent developments in the biography of Josquin des Prez have focused new attention on the motet Ave Maria …… virgo serena. In 1974, Thomas Noblitt showed that watermark evidence assigned a copy of the piece in Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Mus. ms. 3154 to 1476; the dating appeared unassailable philologically, and the style of the music tied it to a repertory created at the court of Milan in a period when Josquin supposedly worked there. But with the discovery by Lora Matthews and Paul Merkley that Josquin had no connection with Milan until 1484, a potential conflict between style, date, and perhaps authorship has emerged. Reexamination of the motet and its transmission affirms both the Milanese character of the music and Josquin's authorship; a more intensive investigation of the relationship between script and paper in Munich 3154, however, shows that the Ave Maria represents a previously unrecognized phase in the work of its copyist, datable to 1485 or an adjacent year. Even against this revised background, Munich 3154 remains the earliest securely datable source for any music of Josquin, and the Ave Maria seems in all likelihood the earliest composition of his that we can identify.
Public Performance and Private Understanding: Clara Wieck's Concerts in Berlin
Authors: Ferris David 
Published: January 2009

Abstract
The critics of the Neue Zeitschrift für Musik idealized the private performance as an enlightened alternative to the public concert, and it was in private settings that Clara Wieck Schumann typically played Robert Schumann's music in the early years of her career. In the winter of 1839-40 she was in Berlin, abandoned by her father, Friedrich Wieck, and struggling to continue her career on her own. At Schumann's suggestion she performed his Sonata No. 2 in G Minor, Op. 22 in a public soirée. Afterwards Schumann decided his music was too personal for a public audience, and his major piano works were not heard again until the year of his death.
Consequence of secondary complications during the rehabilitation of patients with severe brain injury
Authors: Dénes Zoltán 
Published: January 2009

Baleset vagy betegség következtében az emberi szervezetet érő primer károsodások (agysérülés) mellett a másodlagos károsodások határozzák meg a páciens helyreállításának lehetőségét, a rehabilitáció során elérhető maximális funkcionális állapotot és a későbbiekben a beteg életminőségét. Ezért az egészségügyi ellátás során a másodlagos károsodások kialakulásának megakadályozása legalább olyan jelentőségű, mint a primer prevenció.
Célkitűzések:
A súlyos agysérülést követően kialakuló legfontosabb másodlagos károsodások meghatározása, ezek rehabilitációt befolyásoló hatásának vizsgálata.
Módszer:
Retrospektív vizsgálat az Országos Orvosi Rehabilitációs Intézet Koponyaagy-sérültek Rehabilitációs Osztályán.
Eredmények:
A 2004. év folyamán kezelt 166, baleset következtében súlyos agykárosodást szenvedett páciens átlagéletkora 33 év (8–83) volt. A betegek többsége (125/166) közlekedési balesetben sérült meg, a többiek magasból esés, verekedés, lövés vagy robbanás következtében. Az intenzív osztályról közvetlenül 64, második helyről (például: traumatológia, idegsebészet vagy neurológia) 18 beteget vettünk át. A balesettől számolva átlagosan az 50. (21–177.) napon vettük át a betegeket rehabilitációra. Felvételkor 83 beteg hemipareticus, 54 tetra-, 1 parapareticus volt, míg 28 betegnél nem észleltünk paresist. Huszonhét beteget vegetatív, 38-at pedig minimálisan tudatos állapotban vettünk fel. A súlyos agysérült betegek felvételekor észlelt és a rehabilitáció során kezelt leggyakoribb szövődmények: ízületi contractura (47%), decubitus (35%), légúti (14%) és húgyúti (11%) infekciók, heterotop ossificatio (17%), alultápláltság (20%). A rehabilitáció során a szövődményes esetekben az önellátás terén azonos ápolási idő alatt rosszabb funkcionális eredményeket értünk el, és az ápolási idő is jelentős mértékben meghosszabbodott.
Következtetések:
A szövődmények kialakulásának megakadályozására irányuló tevékenységeket már a primer ellátóhelyen meg kell kezdeni. Az akut ellátás után a többszörös funkciókárosodott (motoros, kognitív, kommunikációs, pszichoszociális problémák) súlyos agysérült betegek rehabilitációját centrumokban érdemes végezni, ahol ilyen betegek ellátására specializálódott teamek dolgoznak. Optimális megoldás, ha a neurointenzív osztályokról vagy az akut osztályokról minél korábban és közvetlenül a rehabilitációs osztályokra kerülnek a betegek, így a másodlagos károsodások kialakulásának lehetősége jelentősen csökkenhet.
Effect of oxyhydromassage therapy on some physiological parameters
Authors: Malomsoki Jenő 
Published: January 2009

Az élő szervezet oxigénfelvétele a cardiorespiratoricus rendszeren keresztül a legalapvetőbb élettani folyamatok közé tartozik. A felvevőképesség az egészség és a teljesítőképesség egyik fontos paramétere. Az utóbbi évtizedben kísérletek történtek a hiperoxigenizáció respiratoricus rendszert kikerülő eljárásának kidolgozására. Az oxigénnel dúsított ásványvíz fogyasztása és hidromasszázsként történő alkalmazása is ilyen eljárás. A tanulmányban két eljárás kombinációját 3 hetes kúra során 57 önként jelentkező túlsúlyos személyen (átlagértékek: testtömegindex 29,5±5,5; testzsírszázalék 35,2±8,6) alkalmazták, és a kombinált eljárást oxihidromasszázsnak nevezték. A kúra előtt és után meghatároztak egyes szomatikus, valamint a hiperoxigenizációt igazoló paramétereket. Az adatokból kiderült, hogy a testtömeg 2,3±1,9 kg-mal, a testzsírarány 3,2±2,7%-kal és a testtömegindex 0,7±0,5-del csökkent átlagosan. Hiperoxidáció a vizsgáltak 68–75%-ánál, szomatikus változások a 79–83%-uknál következtek be, és 5%-os szinten szignifikánsak voltak. Feltehető, hogy a hiperoxigenizáció hatására az izomrost mitochondriumában az oxidatív (aerob) energiaszolgáltatás felgyorsult, és ez a zsírok oxidációját is elősegítette. Megállapítható, hogy az oxihidromasszázs-kezeléssel kiváltott hiperoxigenizáció a vizsgáltak nagy részére kedvezően hatott; további terápiás alkalmazása, különösen egyéb vasodilatatiós eljárással (például biomágneses kezeléssel) még hatékonyabb lehet.
Complications associated with lateral fabellotibial suture surgery for cranial cruciate ligament injury in dogs: 363 cases (1997–2005)
Authors: Casale Sue A. , McCarthy Robert J. 
Published: January 2009

Abstract
Objective—To report the complication rate for a commonly performed procedure (lateral fabellotibial suture [LFS]) used in the treatment of dogs with cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) injury.
Design—Retrospective case series.
Animals—305 dogs evaluated for 363 incidents of CCL injury from January 1997 through December 2005 and treated with LFS.
Procedures—Medical records were reviewed for information on breed, sex, age, body weight, clinical history, duration of surgery and anesthesia, primary surgeon, percentage of ligament tear, condition of medial meniscus, unilateral versus bilateral disease, implant material, duration of follow-up, and perioperative and postoperative complications.
Results—363 LFS procedures met the criteria for inclusion in the study. Complications (n = 65) were recorded for 63 of the 363 (17.4%) surgical procedures. Multiple complications developed in 2 dogs. In 26 (7.2%) dogs, a second surgery was required to manage the complications. Breed, side on which surgery was performed, implant material, percentage ligament tear, meniscal condition and treatment, bandage use, perioperative antimicrobial use, and experience of surgeon did not influence the complication rate. Factors significantly associated with a higher rate of complications were high body weight and young age of dog at the time of surgery.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—LFS is associated with a lower perioperative and postoperative complication rate than has been reported for other surgical procedures to repair CCL injury. Heavier and younger dogs had more complications. Complication rate must be considered when choosing a surgical treatment for dogs with CCL injury.
Elimination kinetics of tilmicosin following intramammary administration in lactating dairy cattle
Authors: Smith Geof W. , Davis Jennifer L. , Baynes Ronald E. , Yeatts James L. , Barlow Beth M. , Riviere Jim E. 
Published: January 2009

Abstract
Objective—To determine elimination kinetics of tilmicosin in milk following intramammary administration in lactating dairy cattle.
Design—Prospective pharmacokinetic study.
Animals—6 lactating dairy cows.
Procedures—Following collection of baseline milk samples, 1,200 mg (4 mL) of tilmicosin was infused into the left front and right rear mammary glands of each cow. Approximately 12 hours later, an additional 1,200 mg of tilmicosin was infused into the left front and right rear glands after milking. Milk samples were then collected from each gland at milking time for 40 days. Concentration of tilmicosin was determined by means of ultraperformance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry, and a milk withdrawal interval for tilmicosin was calculated on the basis of the tolerance limit method.
Results—Although there was considerable variation between glands, concentration of tilmicosin was high in milk from treated glands and had a long half-life in treated and untreated glands. Tilmicosin was detected in all treated glands for the entire 40-day study period and was detected in untreated glands for approximately 30 to 35 days.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Findings indicated that tilmicosin should not be administered by the intramammary route in lactating dairy cows. Milk from all glands of any cows accidentally treated should be discarded for a minimum of 82 days following intramammary administration.
Use of Walpole's solution for treatment of goats with urolithiasis: 25 cases (2001–2006)
Authors: Janke Jared J. , Osterstock Jason B. , Washburn Kevin E. , Bissett Wesley T. , Roussel Allen J. , Hooper R. Neil 
Published: January 2009

Abstract
Objective—To determine results of ultrasound-guided cystocentesis and percutaneous infusion of Walpole's solution for treatment of male goats with urolithiasis.
Design—Retrospective case series.
Animals—25 male goats with urolithiasis treated with Walpole's solution.
Procedures—Information obtained from the medical records included signalment, degree of urethral obstruction (partial vs complete), pertinent examination findings, concurrent illnesses, diet, other treatments administered, duration of hospitalization, whether the obstruction resolved, and outcome (ie, discharged vs euthanized).
Results—14 (58%) animals had complete urethral obstruction, and 10 (42%) had partial obstruction (degree of urethral patency was not recorded in 1 animal). Walpole's solution was infused once in 18 (72%) animals, twice in 6 (24%) animals, and 3 times in 1 (4%) animal. The amount of Walpole's solution required to achieve the target urine pH of 4 to 5 ranged from 50 to 250 mL. In 20 (80%) goats, the urethral obstruction resolved, and the goat was discharged. The remaining 5 (20%) goats were euthanized because of unresolved urethral obstruction. Six of the 20 (30%) goats that were discharged were reexamined because of recurrence of urethral obstruction.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggested that ultrasound-guided cystocentesis in combination with percutaneous infusion of Walpole's solution may be a useful treatment in male goats with obstructive urolithiasis.
Editorial
Authors: Bentsman Joseph , Orlov Yuri 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThis special issue contains the revised and updated versions of the papers presented in the session on adaptive identification and control held at the 45th IEEE Control and Decision Conference in San Diego, CA, on December 12–15, 2006, co‐organized and co‐chaired by Joseph Bentsman and Miroslav Krstic. Covering stochastic modeling and identification, adaptive identification and control, and automated fault detection for distributed parameter systems governed by partial differential and functional equations, the papers provide a coherent selection of novel results in the area.
Synthesis of Nanohole‐Structured Single‐Crystalline Platinum Nanosheets Using Surfactant‐Liquid‐Crystals and their Electrochemical Characterization
Authors: Kijima Tsuyoshi , Nagatomo Yu , Takemoto Hirokatsu , Uota Masafumi , Fujikawa Daisuke , Sekiya Yuzo , Kishishita Teppei , Shimoda Makoto , Yoshimura Takumi , Kawasaki Hideya , Sakai Go 
Published: January 2009

AbstractNanohole‐structured single‐crystalline Pt nanosheets have been synthesized by the borohydride reduction of Na2PtCl6 confined to the lyotropic liquid crystals (LLCs) of polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate (Tween 80) with or without nonaethylene‐glycol (C12EO9). The Pt nanosheets of around 4–10 nm in central thickness and up to 500 nm or above in diameter have a number of hexagonal‐shaped nanoholes ∼1.8 nm wide. High‐resolution electron microscope images of the nanosheets showed atomic fringes with a spacing of 0.22 nm indicating that the nanosheets are crystallographically continuous through the nanoholed and non‐holed areas. The inner‐angle distributions for the hexagonal nanoholes indicate that the six sides of the nanoholes are walled with each two Pt (111), Pt (1${\bar {1}}$1) and Pt (010) planes. The formation mechanism of nanoholed Pt nanosheets is discussed on the basis of structural and compositional data for the resulting solids and their precursory LLCs, with the aid of similar nanohole growth observed for a Tween 80 free but oleic acid‐incorporated system. It is also demonstrated that the nanoholed Pt nanostructures loaded on carbon exhibit fairly high electrocatalytic activity for oxygen reduction reaction and a high performance as a cathode material for polymer‐electrolyte fuel cells, along with their extremely high thermostability revealed through the effect of electron‐irradiation.
Ligand‐Free Silver(I)‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Friedel–Crafts Alkylation of Arenes with Allylic Alcohols
Authors: Bandini Marco , Eichholzer Astrid , Kotrusz Peter , Tragni Michele , Troisi Stefano , Umani‐Ronchi Achille 
Published: January 2009

Abstractmagnified imageThe silver‐catalyzed direct activation of allylic alcohols as electrophilic partners for intramolecular Friedel–Crafts alkylation of arenes is described. Use of silver triflate (AgOTf; 10 mol%) enabled functionalized 1‐vinyl‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydronaphthalenes and a 4‐vinyl‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroisoquinoline to be isolated in good yields with high levels of regiochemistry, under a ligand‐free regime.
Fusion of a 1,3‐Diboraruthenocene to Form a Slipped μ‐Hexahydrotetraboranaphthalene Triple‐Decker Complex with Two Axial CH Bonds
Authors: Mutseneck Elena V. , Wadepohl Hubert , Enders Markus , Kudinov Alexander R. , Siebert Walter 
Published: January 2009

AbstractSeite an Seite: Die Zugabe von Zink zu einem Gemisch von [{Cp*RuCl}4] und Pentamethyl‐2,3‐dihydro‐1,3‐diborol (C3B2Me5H) in THF führt zu drei bekannten Doppel‐ und Tripeldeckerkomplexen von [C3B2Me5]−, darüber hinaus aber auch zu einem verschobenen Tripeldeckerkomplex (siehe Bild) mit zwei kondensierten Diborolringen. Die endo‐C‐H‐Bindungen von zwei MeC‐H‐Gruppen tragen zwei zusätzliche Elektronen zu der stabilen 34‐Valenzelektronen‐Konfiguration bei.magnified image
Spectral Tuning of Azobenzene Photoswitches for Biological Applications
Authors: Sadovski Oleg , Beharry Andrew A. , Zhang Fuzhong , Woolley G. Andrew 
Published: January 2009

AbstractLonger switching wavelengths and good photochemical yields and stabilities of the cis isomers in reducing aqueous environments are achieved by introducing 2,2′‐aminoalkyl substituents into 4,4′‐diamido‐substituted azobenzenes. The products are thus suitable for photocontrol of biomolecular structures in intracellular environments, such as switching between two peptide configurations (see picture).magnified image
Load control of ball mill by a high precision sampling fuzzy logic controller with self‐optimizing
Authors: Cao Hui , Si Gangquan , Zhang Yanbin , Ma Xikui , Wang Jingcheng 
Published: January 2009

AbstractA self‐optimizing, high precision sampling fuzzy logic controller for keeping a ball mill circuit working stably and efficiently is proposed in this paper. The controller is based on fuzzy logic control strategy, and a fuzzy interpolation algorithm is presented to improve the control precision. The final output of the controller is calculated through the interpolation calculation of the observation and its neighboring antecedents, and the interpolation weight coefficients are obtained according to a fuzzy inference algorithm. In the proposed controller, the sampling control strategy is used to deal with a large delay time and a controller set value which can be adjusted by a self‐optimizing algorithm, which can overcome the time‐varying characteristic. Simulation results verify that the controller can control the ball mill circuit effectively and have higher control quality. Field service results also verify that the controller can successfully optimize the control of ball mill circuit. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society