bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A printed multiband antenna for cellphone applications
Authors: Sun Shih‐Ying , Huang Sheng‐Yi , Sun Jwo‐Shiun 
Published: January 2009

AbstractA printed antenna is presented, which is working in bluetooth band of 2.4 GHz, worldwide interoperability for microwave access IEEE 802.16e band of 3.5 GHz and 5.8 GHz, wireless fidelity band of 2.4–2.5 GHz and 5.0–5.8 GHz, and wireless local area network band of 2.4–2.48 GHz, 5.15–5.35 GHz, and 5.72–5.83 GHz. The ratios of impedance bandwidth of the printed antenna to the central frequencies 3.5 GHz and 5.5 GHz are 54.5% and 15.5%, respectively. The total volume of the printed antenna is 20 (L) × 7.6 (W) × 0.4 (H) mm3, which is greatly reduced by 36% compared to generally internal printed antennas. The good characteristics of the printed antenna such as omnidirectional far‐field patterns are attainable. The experimental results show agreement with the simulated data by high frequency structure simulator. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 742–744, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24177
A compacted CMOS K‐band bandpass filter using meandering thin film microstrip and UC‐PBG structures
Authors: Lin Shuiyang , Yang Liwu , Sun Xiaowei 
Published: January 2009

AbstractA compacted CMOS K‐band bandpass filter incorporating meandering thin film microstrip and defective uniplanar compact photonic bandgap (UC‐PBG) slow‐wave structures for size reduction are presented. Benefited from the multilayer metal technology of the standard 0.18‐μm CMOS process, meandering thin film microstrip and broadside‐coupled structures with large coupling degree are properly constructed to realize bandpass filters with small insertion loss. The slow‐wave effect of UC‐PBG structure is investigated and a center frequency drop of 14% is achieved by the use of UC‐PBG ground. A 3.6‐dB loss 18‐GHz filter with two transmission poles has been designed and implemented in standard 0.18‐μm CMOS technology and only with an area of 0.34 mm2. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 871–874, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24180
A finite element approach for finding positive solutions of semilinear elliptic Dirichlet problems
Authors: Kumar Manoj , Kumar Prashant 
Published: January 2009

AbstractIn the present article, we described the finite element method for finding positive solutions for the elliptic problems of the type ‐ Δu = λf(x)g(u) for x ε Ω, with Dirichlet boundary condition. By using Matlab, we visualize the range of λ in which this problem achieves a numerical solution, and also discussed the behavior of the branch of this solution. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq, 2009
A compact finite difference method for the solution of the generalized Burgers–Fisher equation
Authors: Sari Murat , Gürarslan Gürhan , Dağ İdris 
Published: January 2009

AbstractIn this article, numerical solutions of the generalized Burgers–Fisher equation are obtained using a compact finite difference method with minimal computational effort. To verify this, a combination of a sixth‐order compact finite difference scheme in space and a low‐storage third‐order total variation diminishing Runge–Kutta scheme in time have been used. The computed results with the use of this technique have been compared with the exact solution to show the accuracy of it. The approximate solutions to the equation have been computed without transforming the equation and without using linearization. Comparisons indicate that there is a very good agreement between the numerical solutions and the exact solutions in terms of accuracy. The present method is seen to be a very good alternative to some existing techniques for realistic problems. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq, 2010
Development of the hospital nurse surveillance capacity profile
Authors: Kutney‐Lee Ann , Lake Eileen T. , Aiken Linda H. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractBetter patient outcomes are often achieved through effective surveillance, a primary function of nurses. The purpose of this article is to define, operationalize, measure, and evaluate the nurse surveillance capacity of hospitals. Nurse surveillance capacity is defined as the organizational features that enhance or weaken nurse surveillance. It includes a set of registered nurse (staffing, education, expertise, experience) and nurse practice environment characteristics. Empirical referents were extracted from existing survey data from 9,232 nurses in 174 hospitals. Using a ranking methodology, a Hospital Nurse Surveillance Capacity Profile was created for each hospital. Greater nurse surveillance capacity was significantly associated with better quality of care and fewer adverse events. The profile may assist administrators to improve nurse surveillance and patient outcomes. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 32:217–228, 2009
Politics over markets: Integrating state‐owned enterprises into Chinese socialist market
Authors: Chan Hon S. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractInterest is growing in the reform of China's state‐owned enterprises (SOEs), both within and outside China. Many studies argue that the highest‐ranking mainland enterprises on lists of top global enterprises and national 100‐strongest companies are indicative of their successful integration into world and local markets. However, despite their high ranking, the strength of their performance is in doubt. In the socialist market situation of China, key business sectors continue to be dominated by the public sector, and SOEs control the commanding heights of the national economy. The urge for more market‐oriented changes aside, China's SOEs are still required to pursue and fulfil both commercial and non‐commercial interests and obligations. This article finds that SOE reform is more a reflection of local economic nationalism. Economic nationalism is the driving force behind the SOE reforms, with public administration and state economic management at the forefront and free market development as only secondary interest. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Governing by goals and numbers: A case study in the use of performance measurement to build state capacity in China
Authors: Gao Jie 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThis article examines why performance measurement, a tool adopted by western countries chiefly to improve government services, has been designed and implemented as an instrument for building state capacity and for ensuring policy compliance in China. Under China's performance measurement system, the central government translates its macro reform goals into specific policy objectives, which it then assigns downwards through the administrative hierarchy. Local governments at the county level convert the policy objectives allocated to them into a variety of prioritised performance targets for local officials to achieve. Using the experience of an inland Chinese county as a case study, this article argues that performance measurement accrues significant political benefits to its users. It forces local Chinese officials to concentrate their efforts on realising the policy priorities set by the higher‐level authorities. However, the way that performance measurement is conducted—governing by goals and numbers—does not address the substantial governance issues and fundamental social and political tensions that exist in Chinese society. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Correlation between hydrogen‐bonding interaction and mechanical properties of polyimide fibers
Authors: Liu Xiangyang , Gao Guanqun , Dong Liang , Ye Guangdou , Gu Yi 
Published: January 2009

AbstractNovel co‐polymerization polyimide (PI) fibers based on 4,4′‐oxydianiline (ODA)‐pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) were prepared. 2‐(4‐Aminophenyl)‐5‐aminobenzimidazole (PABZ) containing the NH group was introduced into the structure of the fibers as the proton donor. The results of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) showed that hydrogen bonding occured between the NH group and chains, which strongly enhanced interchain interaction. This hydrogen bonding interaction increased the tensile strength and initial modulus of the PI fibers up to 2.5 times and 26 times, respectively, compared to those of homo‐PI PMDA‐ODA fibers with no hydrogen‐bonding interaction because of the absence of proton donors after the imidization process. In the mean time, glass transition temperature (Tg) of the modified PI fibers was found to be 410–440°C, which was higher than that of the homo‐PI PMDA‐ODA fibers. From the result, a novel access to molecular design and manufacture of high performance PI fibers with good properties could be provided. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Weakly ferromagnetic microspheres bearing paramagnetic CrBO3 core and nonmagnetic polyvinylbutyral shell
Authors: Öztürk Ö. F. , Tanyolac D. , Özcan S. , Zümreoglu‐Karan B. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractA new class of core–shell microspheres was prepared through a modified solvent evaporation technique by coating chromium orthoborate (CrBO3) particles with a commercial resin, namely Mowital®B30HH (polyvinyl butyral, PVB). Well‐shaped spherical particles were obtained in diameters ranging from 40 to 420 µm. The morphological, structural, thermal, and magnetic properties were characterized by SEM, FTIR, UV–Vis, VSM (Vibrating Sample Magnetometry), and thermal analysis techniques. Uncoated CrBO3 is paramagnetic at room temperature and antiferromagnetic at low temperatures (TN = 12 K) while PVB itself is nonmagnetic at room temperature. The results indicated that the microspheres having a paramagnetic core and nonmagnetic shell displayed weakly ferromagnetic properties at room temperature. The observed ferromagnetism was correlated with the particle size and higher saturation magnetization values were achieved with smaller microspheres. This unconventional magnetic behavior can be tuned by varying the particle size and may allow CrBO3/PVB microspheres to serve as a smart material in future applications. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and properties of new polybenzoxazines containing (substituted) cyclohexyl moieties
Authors: Kumar K. S. Santhosh , Nair C. P. Reghunadhan , Ninan K. N. , Kulkarni A. D. , Wadgaonkar P. P. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractA series of new polybenzoxazines were synthesized based on diphenols containing (substituted) cyclohexyl moiety and were characterized by FT‐IR, 1H‐NMR, and 13C‐NMR spectroscopy. These new benzoxazine monomers exhibited better processability with lower peak cure temperature and a wide cure controllable window (CCW) as manifested in differential scanning calorimetric analysis. The cure analysis was performed by FT‐IR spectroscopy. Glass transition temperature of new polybenzoxazines varied from 170 to 205°C. The cyclohexyl bridge groups facilitated ring opening, resulting in polymer with improved thermal stability in comparison to bisphenol A‐based benzoxazine as assessed by the various thermal analyses. The water contact angles of polybenzoxazines containing (substituted) cyclohexyl moieties were higher than that of bisphenol A‐based polybenzoxazine, implying their higher hydrophobicity. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Objective response of multiply recurrent low‐grade gliomas to bevacizumab and irinotecan
Authors: Packer Roger J. , Jakacki Regina , Horn Marianna , Rood Brian , Vezina Gilbert , MacDonald Tobey , Fisher Michael J. , Cohen Bruce 
Published: January 2009

AbstractBackgroundChemotherapy has taken on a prominent role in the treatment of pediatric low‐grade gliomas not amenable to gross total resections; however, there are few proven effective options for children with multiply recurrent tumors. Bevacizumab, a humanized immunoglobulin, monoclonal antibody that inhibits the activity of vascular endothelial growth factor and irinotecan have been used with some success in adults with malignant gliomas.MethodsTen children with multiply recurrent low‐grade gliomas were treated with the combination of bevacizumab and irinotecan. Patients received treatment at a median of 5.2 years of age, range 1.5–11.1 years. The majority had diencephalic tumors, three had neurofibromatosis type 1, and two had disseminated disease at the time of treatment. Nine of 10 patients had progressed after three or greater chemotherapy regimens and one also had received radiation therapy.ResultsSeven patients had an objective neuroradiographic response, which was a complete response in one, partial response in three, and minor response in three. Clinical improvements were noted in seven, including improved visual acuity (2), improved motor function (2), weight gain in four with a diencephalic syndrome, and reversal of psychomotor retardation (3). Dose‐limiting toxicities included transient leukoencephalopathy (1) and grade 3 protienuria (1). Response was durable in the majority of patients and six remain on treatment, for up to 22 months.ConclusionsMultiply recurrent low‐grade gliomas in children are responsive to the combination of bevacizumab and irinotecan. The drug combination has been relatively well tolerated, including in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1, and warrants further study. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009;52:791–795. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Obesity and metabolic changes are common in young childhood brain tumor survivors
Authors: Pietilä Sari , Mäkipernaa Anne , Sievänen Harri , Koivisto Anna‐Maija , Wigren Tuija , Lenko Hanna L. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractBackgroundA population based cross‐sectional study was used to examine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components in childhood brain tumor survivors.ProcedureFifty‐two survivors were examined at a mean age of 14.4 years (range 3.8–28.7). Lipid and glucose metabolism, thyroid function, and plasma uric acid were evaluated. Fat mass and fat percentage were assessed by dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA). Metabolic syndrome was defined on International Diabetes Federation criteria.ResultsTen (19%) patients were overweight and four (8%) were obese. According to DXA, 16/46 (35%) patients were obese. Central obesity was found in 11 (21%) patients. Cranial irradiation, hypothalamic/hypophyseal damage, growth hormone (GH) deficiency and impaired mobility were associated with overweight/obesity and central obesity. Thirteen (25%) subjects had hypercholesterolemia, 14 (27%) had raised low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C), 12 (23%) had raised blood pressure, four (8%) had metabolic syndrome, two (4%) had hyperinsulinemia and five (10%) had hyperuricemia. Cranial irradiation was associated with hypercholesterolemia (P = 0.019), raised LDL‐C (P = 0.028), raised blood pressure (P = 0.040), and metabolic syndrome (P = 0.018). Impaired mobility was associated with hypercholesterolemia (P = 0.034). Hypothalamic/hypophyseal damage was associated with metabolic syndrome (P = 0.003) and hyperuricemia (P = 0.011) as was GH deficiency (P = 0.034 and P = 0.008). GH supplementation alleviated adverse metabolic outcomes among brain tumor survivors with GH deficiency.ConclusionsObesity/overweight, dyslipidemia, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, and hyperuricemia were common in young childhood brain tumor survivors. Cranial irradiation, hypothalamic/hypophyseal damage, growth hormone deficiency, and/or impaired mobility were associated with higher risk for obesity and metabolic changes among these patients. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009;52:853–859. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Parental attitude to participating in long‐term follow‐up studies of their children's health after in utero diagnosis of abnormalities
Authors: Ramsay Lauren , Howe David T. , Wellesley Diana 
Published: January 2009

AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether parents might be distressed if approached to take part in long‐term follow‐up of their children's health and development.MethodsA short, closed format anonymous questionnaire seeking parental opinion on being asked about their child's health was offered to attendees for obstetric ultrasound and parents of children attending paediatric cardiology clinics.ResultsIn total, 70% of the 266 respondents were attending for ultrasound and ∼30% paediatric cardiology clinics. In total, 66 respondents had children with long‐term health problems, 28 with learning difficulties and 61 had previously had an abnormal obstetric ultrasound scan. Greater than 90% of parents were happy to be contacted and asked questions about their children's health and development, regardless of their child's health or their experiences during prenatal ultrasonography.ConclusionsOur results provide reassurance to future researchers and ethics committees that studies of children's later health after in utero diagnosis of anomalies are unlikely to prove unacceptable to many parents. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Validation of QF–PCR in a Korean population
Authors: Cho Eun Hae , Park Bo Ya Na , Kang You Sun , Lee Eun Hee 
Published: January 2009

AbstractObjectivesQuantitative fluorescence polymerase chain reaction (QF‐PCR) is a rapid and reliable method for screening common aneuploidies, but it is not an accustomed way of testing in Korea. Our objectives were to investigate QF‐PCR as a means for prenatal aneuploidy screening and to evaluate the short tandem repeat (STR) markers in a Korean population.MethodThree formats of QF‐PCR assays that utilize an Elucigene kit (Tepnel Diagnostics), which contains 7 primer pairs located on chromosome 21, 16 primers on chromosomes 21, 18, and 13, or 26 primers on chromosomes 21, 18, 13, X, and Y were performed.ResultsEight hundred of prenatal samples were screened and the results were compared to that of the results obtained with conventional cytogenetics. The 31 of 33 (93%) autosomal and sex chromosome aneuploidies were detected excluding one case of maternal cell contamination and one case of mosaicism respectively; there were no false positives. Interestingly, submicroscopic duplication of the D13S634 marker was observed in 1.6% of cases.ConclusionFor prenatal aneuploidy screening, QF‐PCR was proved to be efficient and reliable. However, considering the high frequency of triallelic patterns of one STR marker that has not been found in other populations, careful evaluation is recommended in each STR marker when it is applied to different populations. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Making practice visible: The Workplace Culture Critical Analysis Tool (WCCAT)
Authors: McCormack Brendan , Henderson Elizabeth , Wilson Val , Wright Jayne 
Published: January 2009

AbstractEmancipatory practice development has a key focus on changing the culture of practice to enable more person‐centredness to be developed in the care unit (ward, department or clinic). However, getting ‘inside’ the prevailing practice culture can be challenging and complex and it can be difficult to determine the specific aspects of culture that need to be addressed in a development programme. One way of doing this, and a key process of practice development, is observation of practice. However, many of the tools available for the observation of practice are inconsistent with the philosophy and values underpinning emancipatory practice development, i.e. they tend towards ‘judgement’ of quality rather than the facilitation of engagement. The WCCAT has been developed as an observation tool consistent with the philosophy and values of emancipatory practice development and is a facilitative process. In this paper we set out the framework underpinning the WCCAT, the phases involved in undertaking an observation and examples of how to use the tool in practice. An initial evaluation of the use of the tool by practice development facilitators is also provided. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An experimental study on shear stress characteristics of polymers in plasticating single‐screw extruders
Authors: Altınkaynak Atakan , Gupta Mahesh , Spalding Mark A. , Crabtree Sam L. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractFrictional forces (for temperatures less than the melting or devitrification temperature) and viscous forces (for higher temperatures) have important roles on solids conveying and melting processes in plasticating single‐screw extruders. These forces are related to the shear stresses at polymer–metal interfaces. For temperatures at which the frictional forces are the main factor for the shear stresses, it is experimentally difficult to obtain the shear stresses at the polymer–metal interface. The interpretation of the data has further complications due to the frictional energy dissipation at the polymer–metal interface. An instrument called the Screw Simulator was used for further understanding of shear stresses at the polymer–metal interface and comparison of melting fluxes of different resins. This article presents the shear stress and melting flux measurements for low density polyethylene (LDPE), linear LDPE (LLDPE), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), and high‐impact polystyrene (HIPS) resins as a function of sliding velocity and interface temperature at a fixed pressure of 0.7 MPa. The relationship between the experimental data and the extrusion process is also discussed. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2009. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers
Frost heave and dry density changes during cyclic freeze‐thaw of a silty clay
Authors: Hui Bing , Ping He 
Published: January 2009

AbstractOpen‐system frost heave tests were performed on a silty clay using a lower boundary condition of +2°C and unidirectional freezing at −10°C from the surface, or freezing and thawing with an upper boundary temperature that cycled from −10°C to +10°C or from −10°C to 0°C. The amount of frost heave, the distribution of moisture at the end of the experiment and the final dry density profiles all differed for the three cases. The experiments demonstrate that freeze‐thaw history is important in assessing or predicting the frost heave of silty clays. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Formulation and application of entomopathogenic nematode‐infected cadavers for control of Hoplia philanthus in turfgrass
Authors: Ansari Minshad A , Hussain M Abid , Moens Maurice 
Published: January 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: Commercially produced entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are usually applied in an aqueous suspension. However, recent studies demonstrate that they can be successfully applied as infected cadavers. EPN‐infected insect cadavers were formulated in various carrier/coating materials, but only infective juveniles (IJs) from kaolin‐formulated and non‐formulated cadavers were tested for survival, emergence and virulence. The efficacy of IJs from kaolin‐formulated and non‐formulated cadavers applied against Hoplia philanthus Füessly in greenhouse and field was also assessed.RESULTS: The kaolin‐based formulation (kaolin–starch combination) proved to be the most stable. Emergence of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Poinar CLO51 from cadavers formulated in kaolin was significantly higher than from non‐formulated cadavers. In greenhouse conditions, efficacy of freshly formulated (8 days post‐infection) cadavers of H. bacteriophora provided significantly higher H. philanthus control (62%) than three‐month‐old cadavers (31%) or aqueous applications of the same EPN (39% and 43%). Similarly, under field conditions, significantly higher H. philanthus control was achieved with freshly formulated cadavers (39%) than with three‐month‐old cadavers (21%) or with aqueous applications (24% and 28%) of H. bacteriophora 2 weeks after application. Additionally, after 1 year, cadaver applications provided >90% H. philanthus control, while aqueous applications of H. bacteriophora gave only 55% control.CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that kaolin–starch coating provided superior protection and preservation of EPN‐infected cadavers. Use of formulated cadavers may solve several current problems preventing the wider utilisation of EPNs in pest management. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry