bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neuronal differentiation elicited by glial cell line‐derived neurotrophic factor and ciliary neurotrophic factor in adrenal chromaffin cell line tsAM5D immortalized with temperature‐sensitive SV40 T‐antigen
Authors: Murata Tomiyasu , Tsuboi Masaru , Koide Naoshi , Hikita Kiyomi , Kohno Susumu , Kaneda Norio 
Published: February 2008

AbstractTo understand the characteristics of tsAM5D cells immortalized with the temperature‐sensitive simian virus 40 large T‐antigen, we first examined the responsiveness of the cells to ligands of the glial cell line‐derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) family. tsAM5D cells proliferated at the permissive temperature of 33°C in response to either GDNF or neurturin, but not persephin or artemin. At the nonpermissive temperature of 39°C, GDNF or neurturin caused tsAM5D cells to differentiate into neuron‐like cells; however, the differentiated cells died in a time‐dependent manner. Interestingly, ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) did not affect the GDNF‐mediated cell proliferation at 33°C but promoted the survival and differentiation of GDNF‐treated cells at 39°C. In the presence of GDNF plus CNTF, the morphological change induced by the temperature shift was associated with up‐regulated expression of various neuronal marker genes, indicating that the cells had undergone neuronal differentiation. In addition, tsAM5D cells caused to differentiate by GDNF plus CNTF at 39°C became dependent solely on nerve growth factor (NGF) for their survival and neurite outgrowth. Moreover, upon treatment with GDNF plus CNTF, the dopaminergic phenotype was suppressed by the temperature shift. Thus, we demonstrated that tsAM5D cells had the capacity to differentiate terminally into neuron‐like cells in response to GDNF plus CNTF when the oncogene was inactivated by the temperature shift. This cell line provides a useful model system for studying the role of a variety of signaling molecules for GDNF/CNTF‐induced neuronal differentiation. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Calcium‐dependent production of reactive oxygen species is involved in neuronal damage induced during glycolysis inhibition in cultured hippocampal neurons
Authors: Hernández‐Fonseca Karla , Cárdenas‐Rodríguez Noemí , Pedraza‐Chaverri José , Massieu Lourdes 
Published: February 2008

AbstractNeuronal damage associated with in vivo hypoglycemia has been suggested to be excitotoxic due to the release of excitatory amino acids and the protective effect of glutamate receptor antagonists. The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been also implicated in hypoglycemic damage. Excitotoxicity involves oxidative stress, insofar as the influx of calcium through N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate (NMDA) receptors stimulates ROS production. We have studied the participation of NMDA receptors and intracellular calcium in ROS production and cell death triggered during moderate and severe glycolysis inhibition in cultured hippocampal neurons. Iodoacetate (IOA), an inhibitor of the glycolytic enzyme glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), dose dependently reduces ATP levels and cell survival and increases the intracellular concentration of calcium. During mild glycolysis inhibition, the increases in intracellular calcium, ROS production, and cell death are dependent on NMDA receptor activation. In contrast, during severe glycolysis impairment, these processes are not inhibited by NMDA receptor blockade. BAPTA‐AM and vitamin E efficiently reduce ROS generation and cell death under both conditions. Results suggest that calcium influx through NMDA receptors is involved in ROS production and neuronal damage resulting from moderate energy depletion, whereas intracellular calcium increase and ROS generation during severe glycolysis inhibition are more related to energy depletion. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Epigenetic modifications of SOX2 enhancers, SRR1 and SRR2, correlate with in vitro neural differentiation
Authors: Sikorska Marianna , Sandhu Jagdeep K. , Deb‐Rinker Paromita , Jezierski Anna , LeBlanc Julie , Charlebois Claudie , Ribecco‐Lutkiewicz Maria , Bani‐Yaghoub Mahmud , Walker P. Roy 
Published: February 2008

AbstractSOX2 is a key neurodevelopmental gene involved in maintaining the pluripotency of stem cells and proliferation of neural progenitors and astroglia. Two evolutionally conserved enhancers, SRR1 and SRR2, are involved in controlling SOX2 expression during neurodevelopment; however, the molecular mechanisms regulating their activity are not known. We have examined DNA methylation and histone H3 acetylation at both enhancers in NT2‐D1 progenitors, neurons and astrocytes, to establish the role of epigenetic mechanisms in cell‐type‐specific SOX2 expression. This study showed that 1) unmethylated DNA and acetylated histones at both enhancers correlated with a high level of SOX2 expression in proliferating neural progenitors and 2) reversible modifications of the SRR1 element were observed during gene reexpression in astrocytes, whereas permanent epigenetic marks on the SRR2 enhancer were seen in neurons where the gene was silenced. Taken together, these results are clear illustrations of cell‐type‐specific epigenomes and suggest mechanisms by which they may be created and maintained. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Sustained striatal ciliary neurotrophic factor expression negatively affects behavior and gene expression in normal and R6/1 mice
Authors: Denovan‐Wright Eileen M. , Attis Marissa , Rodriguez‐Lebron Edgardo , Mandel Ronald J. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractHuntington's disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by an elongation of CAG repeats in the HD gene, which encodes a mutant copy of huntingtin with an expanded polyglutatmine repeat. Individuals who are affected by the disease suffer from motor, cognitive, and emotional impairments. Levels of certain striatal‐enriched mRNAs decrease in both HD patients and transgenic HD mice prior to the development of motor symptoms and neuronal cell death. Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) has been shown to protect neurons against chemically induced toxic insults in vitro and in vivo. To test the hypothesis that CNTF might protect neurons from the negative effects of the mutant huntingtin protein in vivo, CNTF was continuously expressed following transduction of the striatum by recombinant adeno‐associated viral vectors (rAAV2). Wild‐type and R6/1 HD transgenic (R6/1) mice that received bilateral or unilateral intrastriatal injections of rAAV2‐CNTF experienced weight loss. The CNTF‐treated R6/1 HD transgenic mice experienced motor impairments at an earlier age than expected compared with age‐matched control R6/1 HD transgenic animals. CNTF also caused abnormal behavior in WT mice. In addition to behavioral impairments, in situ hybridization showed that, in both WT and R6/1 mice, CNTF expression caused a significant decrease in the levels of striatal‐enriched transcripts. Overall, continuous expression of striatal CNTF at the dose mediated by the expression cassette used in this study was detrimental to HD and wild‐type mice. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Theanine, an ingredient of green tea, inhibits [3H]glutamine transport in neurons and astroglia in rat brain
Authors: Kakuda Takami , Hinoi Eiichi , Abe Akihiro , Nozawa Ayumu , Ogura Masato , Yoneda Yukio 
Published: February 2008

AbstractWe have previously shown that theanine (=γ‐glutamylethylamide), an ingredient of green tea, has a protective effect against ischemic neuronal death in the hippocampal CA1 region of the gerbil brain without affecting ligand binding to ionotropic receptor subtypes of the neurotransmitter glutamate structurally related to theanine. The neurotransmitter pool of glutamate is thought to be fueled by the entry of the other structural analog glutamine (Gln) and subsequent cleavage by glutaminase. Although theanine did not inhibit [3H]glutamate accumulation, [3H]theanine was actively accumulated in a temperature‐dependent and saturable manner in rat brain synaptosomal fractions. The accumulation of [3H]theanine was markedly inhibited by Gln in a concentration‐dependent manner, whereas [3H]Gln accumulation was inhibited by theanine vice versa. Both [3H]theanine and [3H]Gln accumulations were decreased after the replacement of sodium chloride with choline chloride, along with similarly high distribution profiles in telencephalic structures. A similar equilibrium was observed within 30 min at 30°C for the accumulations of both [3H]theanine and [3H]Gln in cultured rat neocortical astroglia as well as neurons, whereas theanine inhibited [3H]Gln accumulation in a concentration‐dependent manner at 0.1–10 mM. Furthermore, sustained exposure to 10 mM theanine led to a significant decrease in the level of extracellular glutamate released from cultured neurons. These results suggest that the green tea ingredient theanine would be an inhibitor of different transporters capable of transporting Gln across plasma membranes toward the modulation of the glutamate/Gln cycle required for the neurotransmitter pool of glutamate in neurons. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Workplace offense and victims' reactions: the effects of victim‐offender (dis)similarity, offense‐type, and cultural differences
Authors: Kim Tae‐Yeol , Shapiro Debra L. , Aquino Karl , Lim Vivien K. G. , Bennett Rebecca J. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThis study examined the effects of workplace offenders' characteristics and offense‐type on victims' reactions. Responses from 352 employed graduate students in the U.S. and South Korea to a hypothetical offense incident revealed that employees from the U.S. and Korea differ in their expressed desirability of avoiding, seeking revenge against, and reconciling with an offending coworker depending on the offenders' similarity/dissimilarity to the victim and on the type of offense. As expected, Koreans (but not U.S. Americans) were more likely to avoid and to seek revenge on a coworker whose offensive remark was group‐ rather than personally‐directed. In addition, Koreans were most motivated to reconcile when an offensive remark came from a similar rather than dissimilar coworker and when the offense targeted them personally (not their group). However, U.S. Americans were most motivated to reconcile when an offensive remark came from a similar rather than dissimilar other and when the offense targeted their group (not them personally). Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Seasonal probability of precipitation forecasts using a weighted ensemble approach
Authors: Shin D. W. , Kang S.‐D. , Cocke S. , Goo T.‐Y. , Kim H.‐D. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractA weighted ensemble (WE) method is revisited and employed to issue an improved seasonal probability of precipitation (POP) forecast. Nine boreal summer time seasonal precipitation hindcasts obtained from the APEC (Asia‐Pacific Economic Cooperation) Climate Center (APCC) multi‐model ensemble system are used to assess the suitability of the WE approach for seasonal POP predictions. Owing to its performance‐based selective nature for assigning weights, the WE method produced marginally superior seasonal POP forecasts compared to the conventional approach. Copyright © 2008 Royal Meteorological Society
Ionic liquid structure: the conformational isomerism in 1‐butyl‐3‐methyl‐imidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([bmim][BF4])
Authors: Holomb R. , Martinelli A. , Albinsson I. , Lassègues J. C. , Johansson P. , Jacobsson P. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractAs a probe of local structure, the vibrational properties of the 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate [bmim][BF4] ionic liquid were studied by infrared (IR), Raman spectroscopy, and ab initio calculations. The coexistence of at least four [bmim]+ conformers (GG, GA, TA, and AA) at room temperature was established through unique spectral responses. The Raman modes characteristic of the two most stable [bmim]+ conformers, GA and AA, according to the ab initio calculations, increase in intensity with decreasing temperature. To assess the total spectral behavior of the ionic liquid both the contributions of different [bmim]+ conformers and the [bmim]+− [BF4]− interactions to the vibrational spectra are discussed. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Prognostic significance of expression of CCL5/RANTES receptors in patients with gastric cancer
Authors: Sugasawa Hidekazu , Ichikura Takashi , Tsujimoto Hironori , Kinoshita Manabu , Morita Daisaku , Ono Satoshi , Chochi Kentaro , Tsuda Hitoshi , Seki Shuhji , Mochizuki Hidetaka 
Published: February 2008

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe clinical significance of CCL5 has been reported in several malignancies. In this study, we examined the prognostic impact of serum CCL5 levels and the expression of CCL5 receptors on tumor cells in patients with gastric cancer.MethodsSerum CCL5 levels in patients with gastric cancer were measured by enzyme‐linked immunoabsorbent assay. Immunohistochemical staining of three chemokine receptors, CCR1, CCR3, and CCR5, which are known as CCL5 receptors, was performed in gastric cancer tissue.ResultsWe found that serum CCL5 levels themselves had no impact on survival; however, higher serum CCL5 concentrations were associated with more advanced disease. Eighty‐six (41%), 48 (23%), and 60 patients (28%) showed positive expression of CCR1, CCR3, and CCR5, respectively, on gastric cancer cells. Among the patients who underwent curative resection for stages II–IV disease, patients with positive CCR3 expression had significantly lower survival rates compared to those with negative CCR3 expression. Unlike CCR1, positive CCR5 expression was also associated with poorer prognosis. Multivariate analysis revealed that expression of CCR3 and/or CCR5 was an independent prognostic factor.ConclusionsTumor expression of CCR3 and/or CCR5 (receptors for CCL5) is associated with a lower survival rate in patients with gastric cancer. J. Surg. Oncol. 2008;97:445–450. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Nuclear localization of annexin A1 is a prognostic factor in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Lin Chiao‐Ying , Jeng Yung‐Ming , Chou Han‐Yi , Hsu Hey‐Chi , Yuan Ray‐Hwang , Chiang Chun‐Pin , Kuo Mark Yen‐Ping 
Published: February 2008

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesTo investigate whether annexin A1 (ANXA1) expression is a marker in predicting the prognosis of oral cancer patients.MethodsWe immunohistochemically examined the expression of ANXA1 in 66 cases of oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) and 115 cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The results were correlated with the clinicopathological parameters of tumors and overall patient survival.ResultsIn normal oral mucosa, ANXA1 staining was predominantly located on the cell membrane. In OED and OSCC specimens, membranous staining decreased, whereas nuclear staining increased. Positive nuclear staining was observed in 9 of 66 (13.64%) OED cases and 63 of 115 (54.8%) OSCCs. Kaplan–Meier curves showed that OSCC patients with ANXA1 nuclear staining had significantly shorter overall lengths of survival (P = 0.00036 by the log‐rank test). Multivariate analysis showed that ANXA1 nuclear staining is a significant predictor of poor overall survival. And oral cancer SAS cells treated with hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) can induce ANXA1 protein translocation from cytoplasm to nucleus. Cells pretreated with LY294002 (PI3K inhibitor) almost completely inhibited (88.3% inhibition) HGF‐mediated ANXA1 nuclear translocation.ConclusionsThe nuclear localization of ANXA1 protein is a frequent event and could be used as a prognostic factor in OSCC. J. Surg. Oncol. 2008;97:544–550. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
On‐line concentration and pressurized capillary electrochromatographic analysis of phytohormones in corn
Authors: Wang Shujuan , Jia Li , Xing Da , Chen Deping , Zhao Jingshan 
Published: February 2008

AbstractA pressurized CEC (pCEC) method was developed for the separation of phytohormones, in which UV absorbance was used as the detector and a monolithic silica‐ODS column as the separation column. The parameters (including the concentration of organic solvent in the mobile phase, pH of the electrolyte buffer, applied voltage) affecting the separation resolution were evaluated. Two on‐line concentration techniques, namely, solvent gradient zone sharpening effect and field‐enhanced sample stacking, were utilized to improve detection sensitivity. The combination of the two techniques proved to be beneficial to enhance the detection sensitivity by enabling the injection of large volumes of samples. Compared to the conventional injection mode, the enhancement in the detection sensitivities of phytohormones using the on‐line concentration technique is in the range from 9‐ to 23‐fold. The developed pCEC method was applied to evaluate phytohormones in corns.
Simultaneous determination of seven flavonoids in Epimedium using pressurized liquid extraction and capillary electrochromatography
Authors: Chen Xiao‐jia , Ji Hui , Wang Yi‐tao , Li Shao‐ping 
Published: February 2008

AbstractHerba Epimedii (known as Yinyanghuo in China) is one of the commonly used Chinese medicines. Flavonoids are considered as its active components. In this study, a CEC method was developed for the simultaneous determination of seven flavonoids, including hexandraside E, kaempferol‐3‐O‐rhamnoside, hexandraside F, icariin, epimedin A, B, and C, in Epimedium using baicalein as internal standard (IS). The influence of relevant parameters such as buffer concentration, pH, and proportion of ACN was investigated and optimized. Baseline separation was obtained using a Hypersil C18 capillary (3 μm, 100 μm/25 cm) with a mixture of 20 mM phosphate buffer (pH 4.0)/ACN (70:30 v/v) as mobile phase running at 30 kV and 25°C in 20 min. All calibration curves showed good linearity (r2 >0.9992) within test ranges. The LOD and LOQ were lower than 8.6 and 42.8 μg/mL, respectively. The RSDs of intra‐ and interday for relative peak areas of seven analytes were less than 3.1 and 4.4%, and the recoveries were 95.2–103.3%. Samples of different Epimedium species were analyzed using the validated method, which is useful for quality control of Epimedium and its medical preparations.
Below the tip of the iceberg: the co‐evolution of formal and informal interorganizational relations in the wireless telecommunications industry
Authors: Rosenkopf Lori , Schleicher Thomas 
Published: February 2008

AbstractWe examine how alliances—formal, contractual interorganizational relations—co‐evolve with emergent, informal interorganizational relations. To form alliances, firms must acquire information on potential partners, and the acquisition of this intelligence occurs through both formal and informal channels. Here we evaluate the effects of two of these informal channels: joint participation in cooperative technical organizations (CTOs) and director interlocks. Since director interlocks connect firms through the highest managerial levels while joint CTO participation connects firms through mid‐level technical personnel, we examine whether each type of informal tie contributes to alliance formation as well as whether ties at multiple levels serve as complements or substitutes for this purpose. We also examine whether all types of ties—alliances, interlocks and CTO participation—co‐evolve endogenously or whether there are more direct causal relationships between and among these various types of networks. We find that both interlocks and CTO participation facilitate alliance formation, yet interlocks only facilitate alliance formation when the common director serves as an officer in one of the firms. An additional distinction between the role of interlocks and CTO participation is that the relationship between interlocks and alliance formation appears endogenous, in contrast to CTO participation, which causally precedes alliance formation. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dynamic server assignment policies for assembly‐type queues with flexible servers
Authors: Tsai Yi‐Chun , Argon Nilay Tanık 
Published: February 2008

AbstractWe seek dynamic server assignment policies in finite‐capacity queueing systems with flexible and collaborative servers, which involve an assembly and/or a disassembly operation. The objective is to maximize the steady‐state throughput. We completely characterize the optimal policy for a Markovian system with two servers, two feeder stations, and instantaneous assembly and disassembly operations. This optimal policy allocates one server per station unless one of the stations is blocked, in which case both servers work at the unblocked station. For Markovian systems with three stations and instantaneous assembly and/or disassembly operations, we consider similar policies that move a server away from his/her “primary” station only when that station is blocked or starving. We determine the optimal assignment of each server whose primary station is blocked or starving in systems with three stations and zero buffers, by formulating the problem as a Markov decision process. Using this optimal assignment, we develop heuristic policies for systems with three or more stations and positive buffers, and show by means of a numerical study that these policies provide near‐optimal throughput. Furthermore, our numerical study shows that these policies developed for assembly‐type systems also work well in tandem systems. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008
Development of an instrument to assess perceived self‐efficacy in the parents of infants
Authors: Črnčec Rudi , Barnett Bryanne , Matthey Stephen 
Published: February 2008

AbstractIn addition to research applications, the measurement of perceived parental self‐efficacy (PPSE) could be useful clinically in screening for parenting difficulties, targeting interventions, and evaluating outcomes. In this research we examined the psychometric properties of the Karitane Parenting Confidence Scale (KPCS), a new 15‐item PPSE measure. A no‐problem control group and three clinical groups comprising 187 mothers with infants were recruited. The KPCS showed acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = .81), test–retest reliability (r = .88), and discriminant and convergent validity. A cut‐off score was determined, and the scale's sensitivity and positive predictive power was 86% and 88%, respectively. The KPCS may prove a useful addition to tools for the assessment of parents and infants presenting to clinical services. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 31:442–453, 2008
Proteomics, networks and connectivity indices
Authors: González‐Díaz Humberto , González‐Díaz Yenny , Santana Lourdes , Ubeira Florencio M. , Uriarte Eugenio 
Published: February 2008

AbstractDescribing the connectivity of chemical and/or biological systems using networks is a straight gate for the introduction of mathematical tools in proteomics. Networks, in some cases even very large ones, are simple objects that are composed at least by nodes and edges. The nodes represent the parts of the system and the edges geometric and/or functional relationships between parts. In proteomics, amino acids, proteins, electrophoresis spots, polypeptidic fragments, or more complex objects can play the role of nodes. All of these networks can be numerically described using the so‐called Connectivity Indices (CIs). The transformation of graphs (a picture) into CIs (numbers) facilitates the manipulation of information and the search for structure‐function relationships in Proteomics. In this work, we review and comment on the challenges and new trends in the definition and applications of CIs in Proteomics. Emphasis is placed on 1‐D‐CIs for DNA and protein sequences, 2‐D‐CIs for RNA secondary structures, 3‐D‐topographic indices (TPGIs) for protein function annotation without alignment, 2‐D‐CIs and 3‐D‐TPGIs for the study of drug‐protein or drug‐RNA quantitative structure‐binding relationships, and pseudo 3‐D‐CIs for protein surface molecular recognition. We also focus on CIs to describe Protein Interaction Networks or RNA co‐expression networks. 2‐D‐CIs for patient blood proteome 2‐DE maps or mass spectra are also covered.