bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Die künstliche Besamung beim Schwein: 5 Jahre Einsatz des Bütschwiler Verdünners von 1983–1987
Authors: Summermatter P. , Burkhalter F. 
Published: October 2007

Inhalt: Der Einsatz eines rnodifizierten Verdünners für die Schweinebesamung, basierend auf Bestandteilen der bekannten Zorlesco‐ und Modenamedien (Original Bütschwiler Verdünner), brachte in der Besamungsstation Bütschwil der Norm entsprechende Befruchtungsergebnisse. Dies steht im Gegensatz zu einer Untersuchung von L.A. Johnson et al. (1988), allerdings erzielt mit einem Verdünner, der bei zwei Komponenten mengenmüβig von demjenigen in Bütschwil verwendeten abwich. Auf Grund der Erbfehlererhebungen wurden in einem Zeitraum von 5 Jahren (1983–1987) folgende Abferkeldaten erzielt: Veredeltes Landschwein (VLS): 72,8% mit 10,4 lebenden und 1,8 toten Ferkeln pro Wurf; Edelschwein (ES): 73,2% mit 10,2 lebenden bzw. 1, s toten Ferkeln pro Wurf. Die Gegenüberstellung der Abferkelergebnisse mit einer anderen schweizerischen Eberstation, die den BTS‐Verdünner benützte, ergab in einer gleichen Zeitperiode von 3 Jahren (1985–1987) mit 73,0% bzw. 75,7% keinen signifikanten Unterschied.Contents: Artificial insemination of swine. A five years use of the Bütschwil diluent from 1983–1987A statement to the article of L.E. Johnson et al.: Artificial insemination of swine. In: Zuchthygiene 23, 49–55 (1988) The use of a modified diluent for AI of swine, based on parts of the medias of Zorlesco and Modena (original Bütschwil diluent), resulted in normal fecundity in the area of the Bütschwil AZ Center. These results are in contrast to a field trial of L.A. Johnson et al. (1988), but obtained by a diluent which differed from the extender used in Bütschwil in the amount of 2 components. With the aid of the information forms of hereditary defects, the farrowing rates during a five‐year‐period (1983–1987) showed the following figures: Landrace (VLS) 72,8% with 10,4 live and 1,8 dead born piglets per litter; Yorkshire (ES) 73,2 with 10, Z live and 1,8 dead born piglets per litter. Comparing the farrowing rate with another Swiss boar center, which was using the BTS extender, showed in u same period of three years (1985–1987) with 73,07% respectively 75,70% no significant difference.
Embryo Sexing—A Broad Survey*
Authors: Miller J.R. 
Published: October 2007

Contents: Embryo sexing has been performed in both man and domestic species. Three approaches are described: H‐Y antigen, cytogenetic analysis and measurement of X‐linked enzyme activity. None of these requires the use of Y chromosome‐specific sequences. Sexing of semen by flow cytometry is discussed, this technique could eventually render embryo sexing obsolete.
Sex Determination of Bovine Embryo Biopsies Using in situ Hybridization*
Authors: Thomsen P.D. , Schwerin M. , Poulsen P.H. , Avery B. 
Published: October 2007

Contents: A male specific bovine DNA fragment was used as probe to determine the sex of bovine interphase cells by in situ hybridization. This method also proved useful for determining the sex of bovine embryos.
Transfer of Bisected Cattle Embryos within the Same Zona Pellucida*
Authors: Smith S.D. , Schmidt Mette , Greve T. 
Published: October 2007

Contents: Cattle embryos at the compact morula and blastocyst stages were bisected by two different methods. In some embryos the embryo bisection was performed outside of the zona pellucida and both halves were replaced into it. Other embryos were bisected within the zona pellucida and no pipetting of the halves was required. They were transferred to synchronized recipient cows and the pregnancy rates and twinning rates were evaluated.
Geklontes Kalb in Neustadt geboren
Authors: Todorov J. , Todorova T. , Zimmermann U. , Arnold W.M. , Leiding C. , Hahn R. , Hahn J. 
Published: October 2007

Inhalt:Am 27.8.1992 wurde beim Besamungsverein Neustadt (BVN) in Neustadt a.d. Aisch ein geklontes Fleckviehkalb geboren. Die Identität der Abstammung konnte eindeutig gesichert werden. Der erfolgreiche Kerntransfer in einem Versuchsprogramm soll belegen, daβ sich nach der Fusion einer Blastomere aus einem Spenderembryo mit einer in vitro gereiften und enukleierten Empfängeroozyte ein Embryo entwickeln kann, der nach Transfer auf ein Empfängertier zur Geburt eines gesunden Kalbes führt. Contents: A cloned calf was born in Neustadt ad. Aisch A cloned “Fleckvieh” calf was born at the Al‐Association Neustadt (BVN) in Neustadt a.d. Aisch on August, 27, 1992. The identity of the parentage could be verified undoubtedly. The successful nuclear transfer in an experimental program showed that the fusion of a blastomere from a donor embryo with an in vitro matured and enucleated recipient oocyte led to the development of an embryo, and after transfer to a synchronous recipient to the birth of a healthy calf.
Isolation and Culture of Luminal Oviductal and Glandular Uterine Epithelia from the Pig (Sus scrofa)
Authors: Boerjan M. L. , de Laat J. M. T. , Stroband H. W. J. 
Published: October 2007

Contents Pig luminal oviductal and glandular uterine epithelia were isolated and cultured to monolayers. Within 4–5 days after isolation the monolayers from glandular uterine epithelium reached confluency, while cultures of luminal oviductal epithelium needed 6–7 days to reach this stage. The epithelial character of the cultured cells was confirmed by scanning electronmicroscopy (SEM) and by demonstration of intermediate filaments using immunohitochemistry. SEM analysis revealed that the monolayers from luminal oviductal origin consisted of microvilli rich epithelial cells only. In SEM preparations from glandular luterine epithelium we observed microvilli bearing as well as ciliated epithelial cells. All isolates from glandular uterine epithelium contained connective tissue derived fibroblasts. In cryosections of fresh oviductal and endometrial tissues, epithelial cells did react specifically with anti‐keratin while anti‐vimentin was not bound. Cultured epithelial cells, however, reacted with both anti‐vimentin and anti‐keratin indicating that cells from oviductal or urterine origin might dedifferentiate with respect to intermediate filament expression when brought into culture. Inhalt: Isolierung und Kultur von Epithelzellen aus dem Eileiterlumen und von glandulären uterinen Epithelzellen beim Schwein (Sus scrofa) Porcine Epithelzellen aus dem Eileiterlumen und glanduläre uterine Epithelzellen wurden isoliert und als Monolayer kultiviert. Innerhalb von 4–5 Tagen nach der Isolierung waren die uterinen Epithelzellen zusammengewachsen. Epithelzellen des Eileiters benötigten 6–7 Tage um dieses Stadium zu erreichen. Der epitheliale Charakter der Zellen wurde durch elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen (SEM) und durch den immunhistologischen Nachweis intermediärer Filamente bestätigt.DieelektronenmikroskopischeUntersuchung zeigte, daβdie Monolayer aus den Eileiterzellen nur aus Mikrovilli‐reichen Epithelzellen bestanden.Dagegen wiesen die glandulären Uterinzellen sowohl Zellen mit Mikrovilli als auch mit Zilien besetzte Epithelzellen bei der elektronenmikroskopichen Untersuchung auf.Alle isolierten Epithelzellen uterinen Ursprungs enthielten Fibroblasten aus dem verbindenden Gewebe.In Cryoschnitten frischer Eileiter‐ und Endometriumsgewebe reagierten die Epithelzellen spezifisch mit Anti‐Keratin, wohingegen Anti‐Vimentin nicht gebunden wurde.Epithelzellen aus der Kultur reagierten jedoch mit beiden Substanzen. Dies kann als Hinweis gewertet werden, daβ die Zellen in der Kulturphase in Abhängigkeit der Intermediärfilamente entdifferenziert werden.
Statistical Methods to Produce “Good” Bovine Frozen Semen
Authors: Galli A , Signori T , Balduzzi D 
Published: October 2007

SummaryA “good” bovine frozen semen must have: high fertility, low costs, good genetic values. The genetic value is associated to the sire and the Artificial Insemination (AI) centre can only optimize the management of the progeny test program. The high fertility and the low costs are strictly linked to the qualitative level of the technical management of the AI centre. The optimization of the management of an AI centre can be done by the choice of the best systems of semen handling and analysis, using the methods of the Statistical Quality Control (SQC). To support the production in an AI centre, it becomes important to set up some statistical instruments aiming to performing a Statistical Quality Control. These instruments (such as Control Charts) should allow the monitoring of the production because the various lots, produced by the same centre, should have a basically constant number of motile spermatozoa after thawing (the quality parameter with the better correlation with the fertility). Moreover, this number should range within the tolerance limits established by the centre. Only in this way the production activity of an AI centre may become of industrial type. The system that aims to maximize the production level, in an AI centre, as a function of the number of motile spermatozoa after thawing, consists of predicting forward motility and concentration, after thawing, of a batch of semen and using these values to compute the correct number of straws to produce for the batch (for each bull). The ARIMA models can be used to forecast the percentage of motile sperms after thawing for bulls with continue production, while to forecast the concentration it is necessary to verify the loss of spermatozoa during the semen handling.
Aspects on Hormonal Control of Normal and Induced Parturition in the Dog
Authors: Hoffmann B , Riesenbeck A , Schams D , Steinetz BG 
Published: October 2007

AbstractAverage length of gestation on the dog is 63 ± 2 days but may vary between 57‐71 days due to the long period of receptivity at oestrus and the extended period of sperm survival in the female genital tract. In contrast to other domestic animals progesterone‐ and oestrogen concentrations are almost identical in pregnant and non pregnant bitches, except for their rapid decline immediately prior to parturition. Control of luteolysis still poorly understood. Experiments with indomethacin leading to a blockade of the prepartal PgF2α increase, which commences with the decrease of progesterone, point toward a role of PgF2α at this stage of pregnancy, which was extended for several days. At physiological conditions first visible signs of parturition were observed at peak‐PgF2α levels, 33.6 ± 17.6 hours after onset of luteolysis, which lasted over 16.8 ± 3.4 hours. Pulse‐type releases of oxytocin were only observed after this point of time. To test for the effect of progesterone‐withdrawal, four 51‐57 days pregnant bitches were treated with the antiprogestin RU 38486 which inhibits the activity of progesterone at the receptor level. In all dogs first visible signs of parturition were observed 33.5 ± 7.5 hours after onset of treatment. However, the process of parturition came to an end after cervical opening and totally only one puppy was born. Different to a normal parturition no increase of PgF2α was observed. Relaxin levels were not influenced by treatment. These observations suggested that treatment with antiprogestin followed by PgF2α might be an adequate method to induce parturition in the dog; first experiences seem to confirm this conclusion.
The control of follicular dynamics by PGF2α, gnrh, hCG and oestrus synchronization in cattle
Authors: De Rensis F. , Peters A.R. 
Published: October 2007

Introduction  Reliable oestrus detection in cows requires several periods of intensive observation daily and is therefore time consuming and expensive. However, the cost of failure to detect oestrus accurately is much greater. For example it has been calculated to cost the US dairy industry $300million per year. Although there is wide variation between farms, the average rate of oestrus detection is about 50% (Barr 1975; King et al. 1976). This figure does not seem to have changed in the last 20 years (RJ Esslemont, personal communication). Furthermore some studies suggest that between 5 and 30% of inseminations are carried out when the animal is not in oestrus (Smith 1982; Senger et al. 1988). Therefore the identification of a precise method of inducing and synchronizing oestrus and ovulation in the cow would be an important advance in cattle management.Synchronizing the oestrous cycle involves the manipulation of ovarian activity so that the time of ovulation can be predicted. Therefore this review of recent developments in methods of oestrus synchronization is preceded by a brief description of recent advances in our understanding of the physiology of the bovine oestrous cycle.
Annotations file for RDA184Page: 1Author/editor: is short title acceptable?Reproductive and Endocrine Changes in Dairy Cows Given GnRH at Different Intervals Postpartum
Authors: Foote R.H. , Riek P.M. 
Published: October 2007

ContentsThe reproductive organs of 91 cows in the university herd were palpated at least twice per week from 12 to 53 days postpartum (PP). Based upon uterine and cervical involution and tone, ovarian condition and fluid discharge at 12 to 18 days PP they were classified as normal or abnormal. Within each group they were randomly assigned to receive either saline or 100 μg of GnRH at 12 to 18 days or 100 μg of GnRH at 22 to 28 days PP. Milk samples were taken for progesterone determinations three times per week until the first breeding or up to 90 days PP. A subset of 23 cows completed a frequent blood sampling programme at 0 h (just prior to treatment), 1, 2, 4, 8 and 12 h later and every 12 h for 15 days following treatment. Values for milk and serum progesterone in samples taken during the same time period were highly correlated, r = 0.90, and were consistent with ovarian changes detected by palpation. Cows classified as normal initially continued to be normal, and GnRH had little effect. In the abnormal groups of cows at 28 days PP, 41% of the saline group and 77% of those treated with GnRH at 12 to 18 days PP had fully involuted uteri. Early treatment of abnormal cows with GnRH improved the reproductive efficiency, resulting in 95 days open compared with 129 days for saline‐treated abnormals. In conclusion, treatment with GnRH was effective in hastening the return to normal of cows classified initially as abnormal, and appears to be cost effective in maintaining an optimal calving interval.
The Relationship between Semen Quality and the Nonreturn Rate of Bulls
Authors: Christensen P. , BrockhoffArticle no.: P.B. , Lehn‐Jensen H. 
Published: October 2007

ContentsThe value of routine evaluation of bull semen was analysed for 117 AI bulls placed in two studs. Data from semen analysis of a total of 1635 ejaculates was compared statistically with the nonreturn rates of the bulls. The semen parameters which were significantly correlated to nonreturn rates were the motility of the freshly collected ejaculates (p = 0.0140) and post‐thaw motility (p = 0.0075). The total number of motile sperm in the inseminate ranged from 10.9 to 19.3 × 106 and according to previous reports the effects of low motility should be fully ‘compensated’ when doses above 10 × 106 sperm/dose are used for insemination. In conclusion, the motility of freshly collected semen does not appear to be ‘compensation’ and a low percentage of motile sperm in an ejaculate may indicate other dysfunctions of the population of motile cells. Furthermore, post‐thaw motility appears to correlate significantly with nonreturn rates. The largest proportion of the variation was explained by the breed of the bull and stud (42.2% of the variation), whereas the two motility parameters explained 10% of the total variation in nonreturn rates. Objective and precise evaluation of sperm motility in combination with other semen traits are needed to improve breeding efficiency. Although microscopic evaluation of sperm motility correlates with nonreturn rates of bulls, the methods are subjectively assessed and inaccurate and therefore do not allow a satisfactory prediction of fertility.
Familial Thyroxin‐Binding Globulin Deficiency
Authors: Kato Kiyohiko , Takakura Iwao , Kuno Yoshiki , Ishikawa Kazuo , Ichihashi Yasuo 
Published: October 2007

SummaryA family with familial TBG deficiency in which an eight and a half‐month‐old boy was the propositus was reported. The com‐firmed diagnosis was based on paper electrophoresis results. The mode of transmission was X‐chromosome linked co‐dominant trait.
Policies for the Future Prevention of Handicaps in Children
Authors: Aldrich Robert A. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractHandicaps to children are sufficiently numerous and of such variety that a significant proportion of children and youth in industrialized countries are unable to reach their natural potential and productivity. In times of low birth rates in industrialized countries this can become a limitation in reaching national goals. From a purely humanitarian standpoint children with handicaps could have better quality lives if their handicaps could be prevented. This paper is an effort to put forth a rationale for the prevention of furture handicaps to children and suggest some of the policies that lead in that direction.Pediatricians worldwide have distinguished themselves for more than one hundred years by their effective efforts to understand and to interpret the phenomenon of human growth and development. This focus upon both physical growth and development and social‐behavioral development has discovered much of the evidence for the continuity of the human life span from conception to the elder years, continuity of processes that emerge at one stage in life and have maximum impact at still another. One can no longer seclude a single stage such as infancy from a much later stage such as the young adult because many manifestations observed in infancy may have their major effects in the young adult. In truth, we pediatricians are increasingly being drawn toward interest in all aspects of the life span simply because of their interrelatedness and the practical applicability of pediatric policies and principles to the stages of life that follow childhood and youth.
Clinical and Epidemiological Aspects of Group B Streptococcus Neonatal Infection in Japan
Authors: Nishida Hiroshi , Kadoi Nobuaki 
Published: October 2007

AbstractGBS neonatal infection in Japan is on the trend of increase, which was confirmed by bibliographic analysis of data on neonatal bacterial infection in the past two decades and by recent clinical data. Vaginal GBS carrier rate of pregnant women in Japan was 11.3%, which was regarded as compatible with those from western countries. By analysing clinical cases, we proposed to classify GBS neonatal systemic infection as follows; amniotic infection type, rapid progress sepsis type and slow progress meningitis type, instead of early onset and late onset types. Serotypes la and III were predominant in clinical cases, especially after 24 hours of life, while Ic and III were the most frequent serotypes discovered from maternal vagina.
Early Detection of Pneumoperitoneum in an Infant with Necrotizing Enterocolitis by Transillumination
Authors: Togari Hajime , Kawase Atsushi , Ogino Takatoshi , Hagisawa Masahiro , Ogawa Yunosuke 
Published: October 2007

AbstractWe succeeded in the early diagnosis of pneumoperitoneum in a low birth weight infant with neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis by transillumination. Transillumination is a simple and noninvasive technique which can be used in the evaluation in risk infants to detect pneumoperitoneum at the earliest possible time. In the large series of 296 neonates admitted to NICU over a period of 3 years, there was a sharp increase in the incidence of abdominal distension and/or intestinal bleeding with decreasing birth weight and gestation, indicating that neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis is dependent on the degree of prematurity. We therefore postulate that the disease could be termed “Enteropathy of Prematurity”. In infants with abdominal distension and/or intestinal bleeding, the routine use of transillumination may help the early detection of penumoperitoneum.
Investigations on Genetic Neurological Disorders of The Central Nervous System Involving Primarily Myelin Metabolism and Their Animal Counterparts
Authors: Baumann N. , Zalc B. , Lachapelle F. , HAUW J. J. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractSeveral genetic neurological diseases involve primarily myelin or the myelin supporting cell, i.e. the oligodendrocyte in the central nervous system, or the Schwann cell in the peripheral nervous system. Biochemical studies of these diseases are still scarce and post‐mortem findings are often difficult to interpret on account of non‐specific pre‐mortem changes. Experimental models appear particularly useful, especially murine species which myelinate post‐natally in the brain. The discovery of mutations in the mouse whose phenotypic expression involves mainly myelination has provided a new tool to study the genetic pathology of myelin.
Mammalian Genetic Galactosylceramidase Deficiencies
Authors: Suzuki Kunihiko 
Published: October 2007

AbstractGenetic deficiency of galactosylceramidase is known to occur in man (globoid cell leukodystrophy, Krabbe disease), sheep, dog and mouse (twitcher). As expected from the same underlying cause, the clinical, pathological and biochemical manifestations are fundamentally similar in all species. Since the human disease is rare and since ethical considerations severely restrict the nature of studies feasible with the human disease, these genetically authentic animal models provide invaluable tools for research on globoid cell leukodystrophy. On the other hand, manifestations of the disease are not identical in all species despite the same genetic cause. Such species differences must be carefully taken into consideration when experimental results on the animal models are extrapolated to the human disease.
Cryopreservation of Pluripotent and Committed Hemopoietic Progenitor Cells from Human Bone Marrow and Cord Blood
Authors: Koike Kenichi 
Published: October 2007

AbstractAs one of the studies on autologous bone marrow transplantation for childhood cancer, the viabilities of several kinds of hemopoietic progenitor cells after cryopreservation was assayed using bone marrow and cord blood samples. The mean recovery rates of granulocyte‐macrophage colony forming units (CFU‐GM), erythroid burst forming units (BFU‐E) and erythroid colony forming units (CFU‐E) from bone marrow cells were 47.9%, 31.3% and 10.5%, respectively. The mean recovery rates of CFU‐GM, BFU‐E and CFU‐E from cord blood cells were 46.7%, 39.1% and 22.4%, respectively. The ratio of primitive to mature BFU‐E did not change after cryopreservation. The mean recovery rate of mixed colony forming units (CFU‐mix) from marrow cells was 30.2%, and that from cord blood cells was 58.9%, demonstrating their sufficient proliferative activity after cryopreservation. These results demonstrate that CFU‐mix, primitive BFU‐E as well as CFU‐GM, mature BFU‐E can be well cryopreserved, supporting the usefulness of autologous marrow transplantation for the rescue of the ruined hemopoiesis after intensive cancer therapy.
The Coffin‐Lowry Syndrome: Four New Cases In Three Families
Authors: Tonoki H. , Tomita T. , Ishikiriyama S. , Fukushima Y. , Nanbu H. , Niikawa N. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractFour Japanese boys with the Coffin‐Lowry syndrome in three unrelated families were reported. Three of the four patients aged2–8 years had typical features of the syndrome including severe mental retardation, coarse facies, tapered fingers, and distal phalangeal tufting, while the remaining patient, examined at the age of seven months because his eldest brother was affected, had less characteristic features. As mentioned by many authors, clinical manifestations of the three patients had developed with age, so then the features in the youngest patient may progress in his childhood. All of the three mothers had variable features that were moderate to normal. Tapered fingers and tufting of distal phalages were the most common features among them and would be most diagnostic for the detection of affected females.