bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PHYSICAL MODELING OF WEARING PROCESSES OF THE AIRFOIL SHROUD PLATFORMS OF GAS TURBINE ENGINE
Authors: Komochkin M. , Tsyganov V. , Sakhniuk N. , Lazarieva O. , Kryvykh Y. 
Published: March 2024

Purpose. Development of a methodology for accelerated studies on the wear resistance of tribocombinations operating under complex dynamic contact loading conditions and varying temperatures.
Research methods. A methodology and setup have been devised for conducting accelerated studies on the wear resistance of materials under various loading conditions (unidirectional sliding, impact with sliding, impact with sliding in two mutually perpendicular directions) similar to operational conditions and temperatures. Additionally, the separate influence of each parameter affecting the system load is considered. The variation in load magnitude and displacement amplitudes of specimens is carried out directly during the tests using a control system with stepper motors controlled by the Arduino Uno computing platform.
Results. It is demonstrated that the increase in the multicomponent nature of dynamic loading in tribo-coupling contact leads to an escalation in the intensity of wear of heat-resistant alloys. The variation in wear intensity, depending on the test temperature, exhibits a complex nature. Determining the regularities and developing the conditions for the formation of a wear-resistant surface layer of parts of tribocombinations is possible based on the analysis of the amount of wear and the condition of the surface, taking into account the real type of load (unidirectional sliding, impact with sliding, impact with sliding in two mutually perpendicular directions).
Scientific novelty. The physical modeling of the process of wear of the bandage shelves of the blades of the gas turbine under a complex thermodynamic load is considered.
Practical value. The setup and methodology for conducting accelerated tests of friction pair models under conditions approximating real tribocombinations operating conditions with various types of loading on flat details are presented. This allows providing technological recommendations for enhancing the wear resistance of gas turbine engines. Conducting accelerated programmable tests will allow to study the condition of the tri-junctions during a load cycle close to the engine duty cycle in flight mode.
MUSIK QASIDAH AT-TARBIYAH DI PONDOK PESANTREN RAUDLATUL MUTA’ALIMIN CILENDEK KOTA TASIKMALAYA
Authors: Aini Ratu Khumairoh , Gunara Sandie 
Published: March 2024

Skripsi ini berjudul MUSIK QASIDAH MODERN AT-TARBIYAH DI PONDOK PESANTREN RAUDLATUL MUTA’ALIMIN CILENDEK KOTA TASIKMALAYA, adapun yang menjadi fokus pada penelitian ini yakni untuk mengetahui bagaimana bentuk musik qasidah modern dengan sampel lagu yang diambil dari album qasidah modern At-tarbiyah itu sendiri yang berjudul Permata Dunia, lagu ini diciptakan oleh pendiri grup yang tidak memiliki kapasitas di bidang pengelolaan musik, kemudian berfokus pada pengembangan alat musik, dan proses kreativitas yang dilakukan oleh grup qasidah modern At-tarbiyah. Qasidah modern adalah salah satu kesenian Islam yang patut kita apresiasi keberadaannya, dengan demikian kesenian ini akan tetap bertahan ditengah maraknya musik-musik Barat yang banyak menyita perhatian seluruh kalangan masyarakat di Nusantara. Hal tersebut membuat peneliti tertarik untuk meneliti lebih dalam mengenai musik qasidah modern ini agar masyarakat lebih mengenal musik qasidah sebagai bagian dari musik Islam yang ada di Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif sehingga hasil data yang disajikan berupa pemaparan atau kata-kata dan bukan angka-angka. Berdasarkan hasil peneliatian yang telah dilakukan, peneliti memperoleh temuan mengenai bentuk musik qasidah modern dengan sampel lagu dari album grup qasidah modern At-tarbiyah yang berjudul Permata Dunia, pengembangan alat musik yang digunakan, dan proses kreativitas grup qasidah modern At-tarbiyah di Pondok Pesantren Raudlatul Muta’alimin Cilendek Kota Tasikmalaya.Kata Kunci: Qasidah modern, At-tarbiyah, Pesantren Raudlatul muta’alimin
PENERAPAN MULTIMEDIA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS KEMAMPUAN TONE PRODUCTION PADA VOKAL DALAM LAGU INDONESIA RAYA
Authors: Herdana Betha Valentina , Hestyono Joseph Labre , Pudjo Harto Tono Rachmad 
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini di latarbelakangi oleh adanya peraturan khusus yang di terapkan di sekolah-sekolah yang masuk ke dalam wilayah Kota Bandung untuk rutin menyanyikan lagu Indonesia Raya setiap pagi hari sebelum memulai pelaksanaan belajar mengajar, selain dari menyanyikan lagu Indonesia Raya pada saat pelaksanaan kegiatan upacara bendera. Proses pelatihan lagu Indonesia Raya dilakukan melalui kegiatan ekstrakurikuler paduan suara dengan tujuan agar dapat menjadi contoh yang baik dan di ikuti oleh siswa-siswa lainnya setiap pelaksanaannya. Penelitian ini di fokuskan untuk meningkatkan kualitas kemampuan tone production pada vokal saat menyanyikan lagu Indonesia Raya melalui penerapan multimedia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas menggunakan adaptasi model Kurt Lewin yang kemudian dikembangkan oleh Saur Tampubolon dengan tahapan penelitian yang terdiri dari tahapan prapenelitian dan tahapan siklus yang terdiri dari tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi dan refleksi. Subjek yang di teliti adalah 17 partisipan yang menjadi anggota ekstrakurikuler paduan suara di SMPN 10 Bandung. Pengamatan (observasi) di dapatkan hasil rata-rata kualitas kemampuan tone production pada vokal melalui tiga indikator keberhasilan yakni pernapasan, pitch control dan perpindahan register pada prapenelitian 36% , pada siklus I 53% dan siklus II 77%. Hal ini dapat menunjukkan bahwa kualitas kemampuan tone production pada vokal partisipan mengalami peningkatan setelah diterapkannya multimedia dalam proses pelatihannya. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk memecahkan permasalahan yang terjadi dalam kualitas kemampuan vokal, harus di pertimbangkan berdasarkan dari berbagai sudut pandang, pada penelitian ini multimedia yang digunakan mampu untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan kualitas kemampuan tone production pada vokal partisipan yang memiliki karakteristik seperti itu. Hal ini sangat mungkin bisa di lakukan kembali pada kasus permasalahan dengan karakteristik yang serupa. Oleh karena itu, keterkaitan antara identifikasi permasalahan terhadap kemampuan vokal pada proses prapenelitian dengan penentuan penggunaan media atau metode pelatihan untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan sangat penting di lakukan agar dapat terjadinya peningkatan kualitas kemampuan vokal yang diharapkan.
PROSES PRODUKSI MUSIK PADA LAGU LARA OLEH BAND DIALOG SENJA
Authors: Sujana Aris , Kholid Dody Mohamad 
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan ide gagasan musikal dan proses produksi audio dengan menggunakan digital audio workstation, pada lagu Lara oleh Dialog Senja. Alasan dilaksanakan penelitian ini yaitu untuk sumber referensi bagi musisi yang ingin berkarya khususnya musik untuk terjun ke industri musik maupun konsumsi pribadi dengan penceusan ide gagasan penciptaan serta melakukan proses produksi audio dengan menggunakan digital audio worksation secara mandiri. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif untuk memperoleh data dengan cara wawancara, observasi dan analisis dokumen. Subjek dari penelitian ini adalah personil dialog senja yaitu Jamil Hasyani dan Raden Ruhiyat serta sound enginer Ari Suwandi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa proses produksi musik pada lagu lara oleh band dialog senja ini cukup sederhana dan tidak terlalu rumit dari segi penciptaan lirik, komposisi musik sampai proses produksi audio meliputi recording, editing, mixing, mastering. Kata kunci : produksi musik, digital audio workstation, Dialog Senja
HANCHE PRESLEY : FENOMENA ELVIS TRIBUTE ARTIST
Authors: Ashilla Putri Difa Raisa , Sukanta Sukanta 
Published: March 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui motivasi meniru dan cara Hanche Presley merepresentasikan Elvis Presley semirip mungkin. Peneliti ingin menggambarkan secara jelas tentang objek penelitian melalui fenomena yang dialami narasumber terkait. Untuk mengupas persoalan diatas digunakan pendekatan fenomenologi dari sudut pandang Hanche Presley sebagai tribute artist. Data-data primer diperoleh dari narasumber yang telah ditentukan yaitu Hanche Presley. Sementara data sekunder diperoleh dari berbagai literature baik buku, jurnal dan sosial media yang kredibel yakni YoutubedanInstagram. Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa Hanche Presley berkeinginan untuk meniru Elvis Presley karena ia mempunyai minat yang kuat, potensi khas dan dukungan dari lingkungan sekitarnya. Hanche Presley adalah seseorang musisi yang ulet dan jeli sehingga ia bisa menirukan detail-detail dari Elvis Presley baik dari kostum, gaya bernyanyi, gaya rambut. Beliau memulai menjadi impersonator pada tahun 1993 sehingga diakui menjadi Elvis tribute artist Asia pada tahun 2004. Kata kunci : Hanche Presley (HP), Tribute Artist, Elvis Presley (EP)
Strategi Pelatihan Bandung Drum Corps dalam Persiapan Lomba Indonesian Drum Corps Championship
Authors: Rohanida Sovia , Sella Fensy 
Published: March 2024

Penelitian yang berjudul “Strategi Pelatihan Bandung Drum Corps dalam Persiapan Lomba Indonesian Drum Corps Championship” ini didasari oleh alasan tim drum corps ini selain memiliki strategi pelatihannya sangat terstruktur dan disiplin, mereka mampu meraih kejuaraan berturut-turut di Pekan Olahraga Provinsi (PORPROV) tahun 2010 hingga PORPROV tahun 2022. Selanjutnya Bandung Drum Corps menyambut kompetisi Indonesian Drum Corps Championship (IDCC) dalam kategori sound sport pada tahun 2022. Bandung Drum Corps mendominasi prestasi Jawa Barat, selain dalam event Pekan Olahraga Provinsi (PORPROV) juga mendominasi prestasi Internasional kompetisi IDCC dalam kategori sound sport di tahun 2022. Itu semua tidak terlepas dari pembinaan yang dilakukan oleh KONI Kota Bandung dengan memperhatikan aspek-aspek pembinaan Sumber Daya Manusia (pelatih dan pemain), perorganisasian, sarana prasarana, pendanaan, dan terutama program pelatihan. Peneliti tertarik dengan stategi pelatihannya sehingga ini yang akan menjadi kajian penelitian saya, mempelajari pelatihan pada data yang dituju yang diteliti. Strategi Pelatihan Bandung Drum Corps dalam Persiapan Lomba Indonesian Drum Corps Championship, Dengan tujuan untuk memberikan gambaran tentang proses pelatihan Bandung Drum Corps. Sedangkan teknik pengumpulan data yaitu melalui metode kualitatif, observasi, wawancara dan studi literatur. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa anggota mampu menerapkan pelatihan dengan baik dan dapat mempertahankan kejuaraan sebelumnya. Kata Kunci : Strategi, Pelatihan, Bandung Drum Corps.
Health Effects Associated with Occupational Exposure to Gamma Radiation in Aircrew: A Case Study on Mehrabad Airport in 2021
Authors: Mortazavi Morteza , Ahmadinejad Parvin , Arjmand Sara , Derakhshanjazari Milad 
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Aircrew is exposed to harmful levels of gamma radiation with unknown effects. This study aims to investigate occupational exposure to cosmic gamma radiation and its associated health effects among the aircrew members of Iran Airlines.
Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study was carried out on the crew from four internal flights departing from Mehrabad Airport in 2021. The participants were divided into two groups of 100 aircrew members flying on low-altitude and high-altitude routes, and the history of their illnesses in the past thres years was extracted from medical records. The average annual effective dose (ED) of gamma radiation for the aircrew was measured by dosimeter (CEM DT-9501), and data analysis was done using SPSS16 software.
Results: This study found that the average annual ED of gamma rays was approximately 1.5 millisieverts higher in flight crews on high-altitude flights compared to the low-altitude ones. Moreover, a significant relationship was observed between exposure to gamma and occupational disease in the studied subjects (P < 0.05). Therefore, the risk of gastrointestinal, skin, and cardiovascular diseases was 3.55, 3.63, and 12.4 times higher for the crew on high-altitude flights compared with those on low-altitude flights.
Conclusion: High-altitude flights are associated with increased exposure to gamma radiation, leading to a threefold higher risk of occupational diseases such as gastrointestinal, skin, and cardiovascular conditions among aircrew members. These findings highlight the importance of reducing health risks of exposure to gamma rays in aviation industry and emphasize the need for preventive measures to protect the well-being of aircrew personnel.
Mide kanseri nüksü ve mortalitesinin bir belirteci olarak pan-immün inflamasyon değeri
Authors: Kartal Bahadır , Alkurt Ertugrul Gazi , Tutan Duygu , Karadağ İbrahim , Turhan Veysel Barış 
Published: March 2024

Amaç: Bu çalışma, pan-immün-inflamasyon değerinin (PIV), mide kanseri nüksü ve mortalitesi için yeni bir prognostik belirteç olarak hizmet edip etmediğini incelemekte ve bunun tümör mikroçevresinin immün-inflamatuar durumu ile etkileşimini değerlendirmektedir.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: 1 Ocak 2020 ile 1 Ocak 2023 tarihleri arasında, mide adenokarsinomu için total ve subtotal gastrektomi uygulanan hastalar üzerinde geriye dönük bir çalışma yapılmıştır (n: 141). 'PIV = Nötrofil x Trombosit x Monosit / Lenfosit' olarak hesaplanan Periferik İnflamasyon Değeri (PIV), klinik parametreler, immün hücre alt grupları, sitokinler ve akut faz reaktanları ile birlikte değerlendirilmiştir. Çeşitli klinikopatolojik faktörler, hastalık nüksü, mortalite ve diğer kritik klinik sonuçlar arasındaki ilişkileri keşfetmeyi amaçlayan çok değişkenli regresyon modelleri kullanılarak istatistiksel analiz gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Bulgular: İki yıllık takip süresince hastaların %48'i hastalık nüksü yaşamış, %50'si ise mortalite ile karşılaşmıştır. Yüksek PIV değerlerinin hastalık nüksü ve mortalite riskini artırdığını gösteren istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Lenfo-vasküler ve perinöral invazyon (LVI, PNI) nüksle ilişkili faktörler olarak belirlenmiştir. CA 19-9 ve CEA seviyelerinin yüksek olması mortalitenin bağımsız prediktörleri olarak tanımlanmıştır. Ayrıca, düşük albümin seviyeleri mortalite riski ile ilişkilendirilmiştir.
Sonuçlar: Bu çalışma, mide kanserinde PIV'nin potansiyel prognostik önemini vurgulamaktadır. Yüksek PIV, nüks riskini arttırmış, peritümöral immün yanıtın ilerleme ve metastazdaki rolünü vurgulamıştır. PIV'yi klinikopatolojik faktörlerle birleştirmek, risk sınıflandırmasını artırabilir ve kişiselleştirilmiş tedavileri bilgilendirebilir. PIV'nin klinik kullanılabilirliğini ve mide kanserindeki temel mekanizmalarını doğrulamak için daha büyük prospektif çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.
Acil Abdominal Cerrahi Yapılan COVID-19 Hastalarında Postoperatif Komplikasyonların Öngördürücüleri
Authors: Büyükkasap Çağrı , Sayılır Mustafa Ünal , Aydoğdu Yunushan Furkan , Yavuz Aydın , Göbüt Hüseyin , Dikmen Kürşat 
Published: March 2024

Amaç: COVID-19 dünya çapında hızla yayılması ve pandemi haline gelmesi, cerrahi hastalarda postoperatif komplikasyonların insidansında da artışa neden oldu. Acil ameliyata alınan hastalarda COVID-19 pozitifliğinin ameliyat sonrası komplikasyonları etkileyebileceği açıktır. Bu çalışmada acil abdominal cerrahi uygulanan COVID-19 hastalarında postoperatif komplikasyonlar için öngördürücü faktörlerin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışmada acil abdominal cerrahi uygulanan ve perioperatif 72 saat içerisinde COVID-19 Polimeraz Zincir Reaksiyonu (PCR) testi pozitif sonuçlanan 52 hasta retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya dahil edilen hastaların medyan yaşı 50.5’di (aralık: 18-83). 30 günlük mortalite oranı %15.4 olarak saptandı. Postoperatif komplikasyon oranı %23.1’di. Postoperatif komplikasyon durumu ile yaş (p=0.003) ve preoperatif hemoglobin değeri (p=0.001) arasında anlamlı bir ilişki saptandı. Yaş ve hemoglobinin birlikte değerlendirilmesinin postoperatif komplikasyonlar için sensivitesinin %91.7, spesifitesinin %87.5 olduğu görüldü (p
Adenotonsillektomi ve Tonsillektomi operasyonlarında preemptif analjezinin derlenme deliryumu üzerine etkisi
Authors: Olgun Keles Bilge , Tekir Yılmaz Elvan 
Published: March 2024

Amaç: Derlenme deliryumu etiyolojisi tam olarak bilinmeyen, çoğunlukla küçük çocuklarda görülen, agresif davranışlar, göz teması eksikliği ve çevrenin farkında olmamakla karakterize bir fenomendir. Birçok sebepten kaynaklanabileceği gösterilmiş ancak en çok baş-boyun cerrahisi, inhaler ajanlar ve postoperatif ağrı suçlanmaktadır. Değerlendirmek için bazı skalalar kullanılır. Duyarlılığı en yüksek olan Pediyatrik Anestezi Deliryum Skalası olan "PAED" (Pediatric Anesthesia Delirium Scale)'dir. Preemptif analjezi, ağrı yolaklarının henüz ağrılı uyaran oluşmadan kesilerek engellenmesidir ve postoperatif analjezi için etkinliği birçok çalışma ile doğrulanmıştır. Bu çalışma: preemptif analjezi yöntemi ile azaltılan postoperatif ağrının derlenme deliryumunu azaltacağı hipotez edilerek planlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Etik kurul onayı alındıktan sonra adenotonsillektomi ve tonsillektomi operasyonu geçirecek, 2-7 yaş arası 96 hasta iki gruba randomize edildi. Analjezikler preemptif gruba indüksiyondan önce, intraoperatif gruba ise operasyonun başlamasından 15 dakika sonra uygulandı. Derlenme ünitesinde derlenme deliryumu PAED skalası ile, ağrı skorları çocuğun yüz ifadesi, bacakların pozisyonu, hareketleri, ağlaması ve avutulabilmesi değerlendirilerek yapılan “FLACC” (Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability) ağrı değerlendirme skalası ile değerlendirildi. FLACC>7 ağrı ve PAED> 10 derlenme deliryumu kabul edildi.
Bulgular: Preemptif grupta PAED ve FLACC skorları istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düşük bulundu ancak derlenme deliryum gelişme insidansı açısından iki grup arasında sadece 5.dakikada anlamlı fark saptandı (p
PORTUGUÊS PARA FALANTES DE OUTRAS LÍNGUAS
Authors: Egido Alex Alves , Luz Helen Katrine Pereira , Moraes Matheus Henrique Costa 
Published: March 2024

É inquestionável a expansão e intensificação dos estudos relacionados ao Português Para Falantes de Outras Línguas (PFOL). Logo, a realização de um estado da arte justifica-se pela necessidade de conhecer o que já há disponível enquanto conhecimento produzido sobre a temática, para que estudiosos/as da área possam escolher seus futuros focos de pesquisa. Assim, na primeira semana de abril de 2023, conduziu-se uma busca usando a entrada "Português Para Falantes de Outras Línguas", no Portal de Periódicos da CAPES. Após aplicação de filtros, selecionou-se 92 artigos para análise. No que diz respeito às categorias, buscou-se responder às seguintes perguntas de pesquisa: Em quais regiões brasileiras os autores das pesquisas atuam? Os estudos lidam com dados primários, secundários ou ambos? Quais os focos principais das investigações? Se houver focos secundários quais são eles? Em quais contextos as pesquisas foram conduzidas? Se houver participantes, quais os seus perfis? Quais as sugestões dos autores para o campo de PFOL? As respostas a estas perguntas orientam a estruturação deste artigo.
Comparing the effectiveness of clomipramine and fluoxetine in dogs with anxiety-related behaviours
Authors: Williamson Olivia , Varela Valery , Minami Christopher , Tom Juliana , Powell Elizabeth , Norris Jeffrey W. 
Published: March 2024

PICO Question
In dogs with chronic pain, is acupuncture alone, compared to a placebo, more efficacious in alleviating pain and pain-related dysfunction?

Clinical bottom line
Category of research
Treatment.
Number and type of study designs reviewed
Three controlled studies were critically appraised.
Strength of evidence
Moderate.
Outcomes reported
Administration of either fluoxetine or clomipramine to adult dogs reduces symptoms of fear and anxiety.
Conclusion
Both fluoxetine and clomipramine are effective in reducing acral lick dermatitis and tail chasing behaviours, but there is no evidence that one drug is more effective than the other.

How to apply this evidence in practice
The application of evidence into practice should take into account multiple factors, not limited to: individual clinical expertise, patient’s circumstances and owners’ values, country, location or clinic where you work, the individual case in front of you, the availability of therapies and resources.
Knowledge Summaries are a resource to help reinforce or inform decision making. They do not override the responsibility or judgement of the practitioner to do what is best for the animal in their care.
Self-care of chronic illness prevents the risk of diabetic foot ulcers in patients with diabetes: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Joeliantina Anita , Adji Norontoko Dwi , Adinata Ach. Arfan , Ragayasa Adivtian , Nurul Hamid Irfany 
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a serious and chronic complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). This study aims to explain a model of self-care of chronic illness on the prevention of DFU risk in patients with DM, including foot self-care of maintenance, monitoring, and management.
Methods: This study was an analytical study with a cross-sectional approach, with 300 patients randomly selected from six Public Health Centers in Surabaya, Indonesia, from June to August 2022. The inclusion criteria were individuals with DM and aged more than 26 years. Exclusion criteria were reading disabilities or having cognitive impairments Data were collected using a questionnaire. The correlation between variables was analyzed using the statistical method of Partial Least Squares.
Results: The risk of DFU in patients with DM was 40% with low risk, 38% with moderate risk, 8% with high risk, 5% remission, and 10% with DFU. This research shows that there is a significant correlation between foot self-care management and the risk of DFU, where the p-value = 0.000, while the indicators of foot self-care maintenance and self-care monitoring do not have a significant correlation with the risk of DFU, where the p-value is respectively equal to 0.350 and 0.844.
Conclusions: Foot self-care management was a factor that directly correlates with the risk of DFU. Autonomous self-care management behaviors still needed to be improved, because most patients still had these inadequate behaviors. Further research is needed to improve the behavior quality of patients with DM in managing foot care independently.
Education on the Introduction of Livestock and Animal-Derived Food Products for Improving Students’ Knowledge in Elementary School
Authors: Risna Yayuk Kurnia , Fadli Chairul , Adam Koji Al , Fatmala Nanda 
Published: March 2024

The community service aimed to enhance students’ knowledge of various livestock and the importance of animal-derived food products as the foundation for a healthy and nutritious life. One of the potentials for children's intelligence comes from consuming healthy food products. Activities were carried out using exposure and evaluation methods through pre-test and post-test. The activity results showed increased students' knowledge, with the average pre-test score being 50.74 and the average post-test score after the material presentation being 83.70. During the activity, students were seen as enthusiastic about the material presented. In conclusion, this activity improved knowledge regarding the recognition of various livestock and animal-derived food products. Students were able to enhance their understanding of various ruminant and poultry livestock based on their characteristics and names. Additionally, students better understood the sources of healthy and nutritious animal protein food products.