bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pemodelan Angka Harapan Hidup Sumatera Utara Menggunakan Regresi Semi parametrik Spline
Authors: Melati Melati Puspita Sari Lubis , Widyasari Rina , Aprilia Rima 
Published: March 2024

Angka harapan hidup merupakan dugaan hidup rata-rata seseorang atau dengan kata lain umur yang mungkin didapat seseorang yang lahir pada waktu tertentu. Menurut data Badan Pusat Statistik, Sumatera Utara berada pada posisi terendah di pulau Sumatera dengan rata-rata angka harapan hidup dengan angka 67,22 pada laki-laki dan 71,08 pada perempuan. Angka ini juga masih dibawah rata-rata angka harapan hidup nasional. Hal ini menunjukkan program-program kesehatan di Sumatera Utara perlu menjadi prioritas dalam pembangunan manusia di Sumatera Utara. Metode yang digunakan umtuk memodelkan angka harapan hidup Sumatera Utara yaitu Regresi Semiparametrik Spline Truncated. Regresi semi parametrik merupakan perpaduan antara regresi parametrik dan regresi nonparametrik dengan sebagian bentuk pola data yang diketahui dan ada sebagian pola data yang tidak diketahui. Adapun tujuan yang didapatkan untuk mengetahui model terbaik dari hasil pola data hubungan variabel respon dan variabel prediktor. Hasil penelitian ini diperoleh nilai MSE sebesar 7,3893 dan GCV sebesar 1,3169. Dengan persamaan model sebagai berikut:
Dengan nilai koefisien determinasi sebesar 39,47% yang dapat diartikan kemampuan variabel prediktor dalam menjelaskan variabel responnya sebesar 39,47% dan sisanya dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor lain.
Aplikasi Metode Entry Age Normal dan Projected Unit Credit untuk Asumsi Tingkat Kenaikan Gaji Dalam Menentukan Manfaat Pensiun
Authors: Dian Dian Firmayasari S , Ashadi A Adrian , M Suriani 
Published: March 2024

Abstrak. Dana Pensiun adalah badan hukum yang mengelola dan menjalankan program yang menjanjikan manfaat pensiun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besar kewajiban aktuaria dan iuran normal dana pensiun dalam asumsi tingkat kenaikan gaji manfaat pensiun menggunakan metode Entry Age Normal dan Projected Unit Credit kemudian mempertimbangkan metode yang lebih menguntungkan antara keduanya. Dalam hal ini menggunakan data guru pegawai negeri sipil (PNS) berjenis kelamin laki-laki dan perempuan. Total iuran normal menggunakan metode EAN salah satu peserta sebesar Rp 59.155.658,93 dan metode PUC salah satu peserta sebesar Rp 139.183.314,55 dan Total kewajiban aktuaria menggunakan metode EAN salah satu peserta sebesar Rp 4.273.776.585,00, dan metode PUC salah satu peserta sebesar Rp 3.427.911.903,77. Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan besar iuran normal dengan asumsi tingkat kenaikan gaji menggunakan metode Entry Age Normal pada pegawai laki-laki dan Perempuan adalah konstan setiap tahunnya. Akan tetapi dengan menggunakan metode Projected Unit Credit pada pegawai pria dan wanita nilai iuran normalnya meningkat dengan pertambahan masa kerja. Jumlah kewajiban aktuaria dengan asumsi tingkat kenaikan gaji yang dihitung menggunakan metode Entry Age Normal lebih besar daripada metode Projected Unit Credit pada pertengahan tahun kepesertaan.

Kata kunci: Asumsi Kenaikan Gaji; Iuran Normal; Kewajiban Aktuaria; Entry Age Normal; Projected Unit Credit
Abstract. A Pension Fund is a legal entity that manages and runs a program that promises pension benefits. This study aims to determine the amount of actuarial obligations and normal contributions of pension funds in assuming the level of salary increase in pension benefits using the Normal Entry Age method and Projected Unit Credit then consider a more profitable method between the two. In this case, using data on civil servant (PNS) teachers are male and female. The total normal contribution using the EAN method of one of the participants is IDR 59,155,658.93 and the PUC method of one of the participants is IDR 139,183,314.55 and the total actuarial obligation using the EAN method of one of the participants is IDR 4,273,776.58 ,, and the PUC method of one of the participants is IDR 3,427,911,903.7 7.. The calculation results show the amount of normal contributions assuming the rate of salary increase using the Normal Entry Age method for male and female employees is constant every year. However, by using the Projected Unit Credit method for male and female employees, the value of contributions normally increases with the increase in length of service. The amount of actuarial liabilities assuming the salary increase rate calculated using the Normal Entry Age method is greater than the Projected Unit Credit method in the middle of the membership year.
Keywords: Salary Increase Assumption; Normal Dues; Actuarial Obligations; Normal Entry Age; Projected Unit Credit
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Desa Wisata Pandean untuk Pembangunan Berkelanjutan di Wilayah Kecamatan Dongko
Authors: Armanda Henda 
Published: March 2024

Pengembangan pariwisata desa telah menjadi alternative pembangunan perekonomian masyarakat yang telah diterapkan di berbagai daerah di Indonesia. Salah satu desa wisata yang telah dikembangkan adalah Desa pandean, Kecamatan Dongko, Kabupaten Trenggalek, yang merupakan saklah satu desa yang tergabung menjdadi SADEWA (Seratus Desa Wisata) yang telah dikembangkan oleh Pemerintah Kabupaten Trenggalek pada Bidang Pariwisata dan Kebudayaan. Desa Pandean memiliki beragam potensi pengembangan yang sangat beragam dan jika ditinjau dari aspek aksesbilitas dan kontur geografis. Dari aspek aksesbilotas, Desa Pandean mudah diakses karena dilewati oleh jalur antar Kabupaten Trenggalek-Pacitan. Sedangkan dari aspek geografis, wilayah Desa pandean yang memiliki kontur pegunungan menambah keasrian dan keistimeawaan tersendiri Desa Pandean. Penelitian ini bertujuan yntuk mengekspoitasi potensi pengembangan Desa pandeansebagai desa wisata berdasarkan pada kajian aspek kesediaan dan permintaan sehingga mampu memeberi rekomendasi bagi pengembangan Desa Pandean secara berkelanjutan. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode campuran meliputi metode kualitatif untuk mengkaji aspek sediaan (supply), karakteristik masyarakat, kebijakan, serta metode kuantitatif untuk mengkaji aspek permintaan (demand) wisata. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Desa Pandean memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai desa wisata berkelanjutan. Namun ada berbagaia permasalahan di desa Pandean seperti, amenity, informasi, support dari pemerintah desa dan kelembagaan yang masih baru dan kurang pengetahuan dalam pengembangan pariwisata.
Zongo'nun Değirmeni'nde Geçen Yerel İfadeler
Authors: TURAN Melike S. 
Published: March 2024

Kültürel bir kaynak olan dil, içinde bulunduğu toplum hakkında izler taşır. Dilin toplum hakkında izler taşıması gibi eserler de şair veya yazarı hakkında izler taşır ve onlar hakkında ipuçları verir. Bireyin yaşadığı ve yetiştiği çevre, eğitim düzeyi, kültürü vb. faktörler bireysel söyleyiş farklılıklarını ortaya koyar ve kalem sahibinin kimliğinden izler taşır. Bu izlere şahit olunan eserlerin başında hiç şüphesiz edebî eserler gelir. Edebî eserlerde kimi zaman ölçünlü dil dışına çıkılıp ağız unsurlarına yer verildiği görülür. Şair veya yazar eserinde bir amaç güderek ağız unsurlarına yer verebildiği gibi istem dışı olarak da yer verebilir.
Türk dilinin zenginlikleri arasında sayılan ağızların edebî eserlerde kullanılarak kayda geçmesi ağız unsurlarına ait söz varlıklarının zaman içinde eriyip yok olmaması açısından önemlidir. Eserinde ağız unsurlarına yer veren yazarlardan birisi de 1980 sonrası Türk hikâyeciliği alanında yer alan Recep Seyhan’dır. Bu çalışmada Seyhan’ın Zongo’nun Değirmeni adlı hikâye kitabında yer alan ağız unsurlarının söz varlığı tespit edilmiştir. Eserde tespit edilen bu unsurlar, kitabın hacmine göre oldukça fazladır. Seyhan’ın eserinde ağız unsurlarını kullanmasının sebebi Anadolu’yu eserlerinde yaşatmaktır.
Klasik Arap Edebiyatında “Cimrilik” Teması
Authors: ATAMAN Murat 
Published: March 2024

Cimrilik olgusu, antik çağlardan beri insanların iç dünyasında merak uyandıran bir konu olagelmiştir. Farklı kültür ve medeniyetler içerisinde cimrilere/cimriliğe dair yer alan atasözü, hikâye, vecize, şiir gibi yazılı ve sözlü edebiyata çokça tesadüf edilmesi evrensel bir temaya dönüştüğünün göstergesidir. Bu nedenle felsefeden psikolojiye, ilahiyattan edebiyata kadar birçok alanda doğrudan veya dolaylı olarak cimrilik konusunu ele alan eserler telif edilmiştir. Edebiyat sahasına gelindiğinde ise cimriliğin diğer disiplinlere nispeten daha kapsamlı ve farklı açılardan işlendiği mülahaza edilir. Bunda edebiyatın sözlü ve yazılı kültürü kapsayıcı yönünün yanı sıra toplumun her kesimine hitap ediyor olmasının rolü vardır.
Klasik Arap edebiyatı eserlerinin hemen hepsinde yer alan cimrilik bahsi ahlaki açıdan olduğu kadar kültürel yönüyle de ele alınmıştır. İslam’ın öğüt verme geleneğine bağlı kalınarak zemmedilen cimrilik, bireysel ve toplumsal yozlaşmanın temel öğelerinden sayılmıştır. Cimri psikolojisini enine boyuna irdeleyerek tenkit eden edipler ilginç bir şekilde cimrilere mizahi bir hüviyet kazandırmayı da ihmal etmemişlerdir. Bu çaba ve gayret Klasik dönem Müslüman Arap toplumunun cimri tasavvurunu değişik açılardan yansıtmayı başarmış gibi görünmektedir. Bu makale klasik Arap edebiyatı kaynaklarında tasvir edilmeye çalışılan cimri(lik) karakterini incelemeyi hedeflemektedir.
Comparison of Plenum and Cage-level Filter Exhaust Dust PCR Testing to Soiled Bedding Sentinel Mice (Mus musculus) on an IVC Rack
Authors: Williams Wendy R , Lane Shawn P , Perkins Cheryl , Henderson Ken 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe use of soiled-bedded sentinels (SBSs) has historically been the standard for colony health surveillance monitoring at our institution. With the advent of newer technologies in which dust collected from filters is tested by PCR, we compared traditional SBS with PCR testing of both exhaust air dust collected from a filter in the downstream vertical plenum (exhaust dust test [EDT]) and the SBS cage-level exhaust filter (SCEF). Our hypothesis was that both methods of filter testing would identify more pathogens than SBS testing. Twenty-five individually ventilated mouse racks that used disposable caging were sanitized and placed into rotation. Rack plenums were tested by PCR to verify negative results before the study start. Exhaust dust collection media were placed in the exhaust plenum (n = 25). SBS cages were placed on each side of the rack with 2 mice per cage (n = 42 mice), with the remaining cage slots occupied by research animals. At each triweekly cage change, the exhaust air filters were carefully removed from the cage top, placed in sterile 50-mL conical tubes, and pooled for submission. After 3 mo, the SBS mice were tested via serology for bacterial and viral agents and by PCR for Helicobacter species, pinworms, and ectoparasites. In addition, the EDT filter and SCEF were collected for PCR to evaluate for the same agents. Our results indicate that the SCEF consistently detected agents more frequently than the EDT filter placed in the plenum and that the EDT filter media detected agents more frequently than did the SBS mice. Our data suggest that both PCR methods of detection are superior to SBS for individually ventilated disposable rodent cages and that the SCEF is superior to EDT. These data supported our movement of institution toward environmental monitoring as a method of rodent colony health surveillance.
Venipuncture Site Influences Blood-drop Volume in C57BL/6 Mice
Authors: Lavin Elizabeth S , Feldman Erica R , Soprano Scott M , Moore Elizabeth S 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMany experiments require the collection of serial blood samples from mice. However, the size of mice limits the volume of blood that can be safely collected as a survival procedure. In IACUC protocols, investigators may report the amount of blood they collect from mice as a number of drops. Many institutions, including ours, use an anecdotal conversion factor (1 drop of mouse blood = 25 µL) to ensure that blood-collection volumes are compliant with institutional guidelines. To our knowledge, previous work has not experimentally determined the volume of a drop of mouse blood. In this 10-wk crossover experiment, 2 phlebotomists bled 30 C57BL/6J mice from 3 sites (facial, saphenous, and tail) using one or 2 different needle gauge sizes per site. Male and female mice were weighed weekly and divided among 5 groups (n = 6): left and right tail vein, left and right saphenous vein, and facial vein. A single blood drop from each site was weighed, and the volume of each drop was calculated using the average blood density determined from 8 mice terminally bled at the end of the study. Venipuncture site and side significantly influenced blood-drop weight and thus calculated volume. Facial vein puncture produced the largest drop volume (mean: 21.7 µL), followed by the saphenous vein (mean: 9.97 µL) and tail vein (mean: 4.96 µL). Collection from the facial vein was associated with more hemorrhage and morbidity. Left-sided venipuncture was associated with slightly larger-volume blood drops, though the effect size of side was small. The results of this study may be useful in more accurately estimating blood loss via conversion of drops to volume. Our data indicate that blood collection from saphenous and tail veins minimizes blood loss relative to facial vein puncture and may optimize both serial collection of small-volume blood samples and animal welfare.
Academic accomplishments of Black neurosurgeons in the United States
Authors: Michel Michelot , Peart Rodeania , Yan Sandra C. , Still Megan E. H. , Melnick Kaitlyn , San Ali , Gonzalez Brandon , Hodges Tiffany R. , Newman William C. , Mbabuike Nnenna , Ashley William W. , Chowdhury Muhammad Abdul Baker , Rahman Maryam 
Published: March 2024

OBJECTIVE
Neurosurgery has remained relatively homogeneous in terms of racial and gender diversity, trailing behind national demographics. Less than 5% of practicing neurosurgeons in the United States identify as Black/African American (AA). Research and academic productivity are highly emphasized within the field and are crucial for career advancement at academic institutions. They also serve as important avenues for mentorship and recruitment of diverse trainees and medical students. This study aimed to summarize the academic accomplishments of AA neurosurgeons by assessing publication quantity, h-index, and federal grant funding.

METHODS
One hundred thirteen neurosurgery residency training programs accredited by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education in 2022 were included in this study. The American Society of Black Neurosurgeons registry was reviewed to analyze the academic metrics of self-identified Black or AA academic neurosurgeons. Data on the academic rank, leadership position, publication quantity, h-index, and race of neurosurgical faculty in the US were obtained from publicly available information and program websites.

RESULTS
Fifty-five AA and 1393 non-AA neurosurgeons were identified. Sixty percent of AA neurosurgeons were fewer than 10 years out from residency training, compared to 37.4% of non-AA neurosurgeons (p = 0.001). AA neurosurgeons had a median 32 (IQR 9, 85) publications compared to 52 (IQR 22, 122) for non-AA neurosurgeons (p = 0.019). AA neurosurgeons had a median h-index of 12 (IQR 5, 24) compared to 16 (IQR 9, 31) for non-AA colleagues (p = 0.02). Following stratification by academic rank, these trends did not persist. No statistically significant differences in the median amounts of awarded National Institutes of Health funding (p = 0.194) or level of professorship attained (p = 0.07) were observed between the two cohorts.

CONCLUSIONS
Racial disparities between AA and non-AA neurosurgeons exist in publication quantity and h-index overall but not when these groups are stratified by academic rank. Given that AA neurosurgeons comprise more junior faculty, it is expected that their academic accomplishments will increase as more enter academic practice and current neurosurgeons advance into more senior positions.
Auditory brainstem implantation: surgical experience and audiometric outcomes in the pediatric population
Authors: Dastagirzada Yosef M. , Eremiev Alexander , Wisoff Jeffrey H. , Kay-Rivest Emily , Shapiro William H. , Unterberger Ansley , Waltzman Susan B. , Roland J. Thomas , Golfinos John G. , Harter David H. 
Published: March 2024

OBJECTIVE
Pediatric data regarding treatment via an auditory brainstem implant (ABI) remains sparse. The authors aimed to describe their experience at their institution and to delineate associated demographic data, audiometric outcomes, and surgical parameters.

METHODS
An IRB-approved, retrospective chart review was conducted among the authors’ pediatric patients who had undergone auditory brainstem implantation between 2012 and 2021. Demographic information including sex, age, race, coexisting syndrome(s), history of cochlear implant placement, average duration of implant use, and follow-up outcomes were collected. Surgical parameters collected included approach, intraoperative findings, number of electrodes activated, and complications.

RESULTS
A total of 19 pediatric patients had an ABI placed at the authors’ institution, with a mean age at surgery of 4.7 years (range 1.5–17.8 years). A total of 17 patients (89.5%) had bilateral cochlear nerve aplasia/dysplasia, 1 (5.3%) had unilateral cochlear nerve aplasia/dysplasia, and 1 (5.3%) had a hypoplastic cochlea with ossification. A total of 11 patients (57.9%) had a history of cochlear implants that were ineffective and required removal. The mean length of implant use was 5.31 years (0.25–10 years). Two patients (10.5%) experienced CSF-related complications requiring further surgical intervention. The most recent audiometric outcomes demonstrated that 15 patients (78.9%) showed improvement in their hearing ability: 5 with sound/speech awareness, 5 able to discriminate among speech and environmental sounds, and 5 able to understand common phrases/conversation without lip reading. Nine patients (47.4%) are in a school for the deaf and 7 (36.8%) are in a mainstream school with support.

CONCLUSIONS
The authors’ surgical experience with a multidisciplinary team demonstrates that the retrosigmoid approach for ABI placement in children with inner ear pathologies and severe sensorineural hearing loss is a safe and effective treatment modality. Audiometric outcome data showed that nearly 79% of these patients had an improvement in their environmental and speech awareness. Further multicenter collaborations are necessary to improve these outcomes and potentially standardize/enhance electrode placement.
A prospective multicenter randomized study comparing the SpineJack system and nonsurgical management with a brace in acute traumatic vertebral fractures: the SPICO study
Authors: Ould-Slimane Mourad , Petit Antoine , Gille Olivier , Kaya Jean Marc , Touta Adamou , Lebhar Jonathan , Grelat Michael 
Published: March 2024

OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study was to evaluate the efffectiveness of a titanium vertebral augmentation device (SpineJack system) in terms of back pain, radiological outcomes, and economic burden compared with nonsurgical management (NSM) (bracing) for the treatment of vertebral compression fractures. Complications were also evaluated for both treatment methods.

METHODS
A prospective multicenter randomized study was performed at 9 French sites. Patients (n = 100) with acute traumatic Magerl type A1 and A3.1 vertebral fractures were enrolled and randomized to treatment with the SpineJack system or NSM consisting of bracing and administration of pain medication. Participants were monitored at admission, during the procedure, and at 1, 12, and 24 months after treatment initiation. Primary outcomes included visual analog scale back pain score, and secondary outcomes included disability (Oswestry Disability Index [ODI] score), health-related quality of life (EQ-5D score), radiological measures (vertebral kyphosis angle [VKA] and regional traumatic angulation [RTA]), and economic outcomes (costs, procedures, hours of help, and time to return to work).

RESULTS
Ninety-five patients were included in the analysis, with 48 in the SpineJack group and 47 in the NSM group. Back pain improved significantly for all participants with no significant differences between groups. ODI and EQ-5D scores improved significantly between baseline and follow-up (1, 12, and 24 months) for all participants, with the SpineJack group showing a larger improvement than the NSM group between baseline and 1 month. VKA was significantly lower (p < 0.001) (i.e., better) in the SpineJack group than in the NSM group at 1, 12, and 24 months of follow-up. There was no significant change over time in RTA for the SpineJack group, but the NSM group showed a significant worsening in RTA over time. SpineJack treatment was associated with higher costs than NSM but involved a shorter hospital stay, fewer medical visits, and fewer hours of nursing care. Time to return to work was significantly shorter for the SpineJack group than for the NSM group. There were no significant differences in complications between the two treatments.

CONCLUSIONS
Overall, there was no statistical difference in the primary outcomes between the SpineJack treatment group and the NSM group. In terms of secondary outcomes, SpineJack treatment was associated with better radiological outcomes, shorter hospital stays, faster return to work, and fewer hours of nursing care.
The Influence of Occupational Safety and Health on Employee Work Productivity (Study on the Kisaran Majalengka Dam Project of Pt. Adhi Karya (Persero) Tbk)
Authors: Sopiyan Pipih , Fauzi Haris , Qustolani Asep , Febriani Windi 
Published: March 2024

Issues regarding occupational safety and health are important and often overlooked. This is evident from the significant occurrence of workplace accidents. Type, nature, condition and location of work in construction projects that tends to be dangerous resulting in a relatively high level of work accidents that occur to workers compared to other industries so it affects work productivity. The goal of this study is to determine the role that workplace health and safety plays in influencing worker output.
The methodology employed for this study involves the utilization of a survey approach, employing both descriptive and verification methods. The population of this research consist of the workforce employed at PT. Adhi Karya (Persero) Tbk Majalengka Rentang Dam Project. This research employed a non-probability sampling strategy, specifically the saturation sampling method. The study's sample size was 60 participants. The data analysis makes use of numerous techniques, the t-test for hypothesis testing and other statistical methods such as the classical assumption test, multiple regression analysis, determination coefficient assessment, model feasibility study, and so on.
The study method followed a survey format and combined descriptive and verification techniques. Employee productivity was found to be affected by both workplace safety and occupational health, as predicted by the study's hypotheses.