bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanistic and Kinetic Studies of Guest Ion Intercalation into Layered Double Hydroxides Using Time‐Resolved, in situ X‐Ray Powder Diffraction
Authors: Williams Gareth R. , Khan Aamir I. , O'Hare Dermot 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Computer Modelling of Inorganic Materials
Authors: Catlow Richard , Bell Robert , Cora Furio , French Samuel A. , Slater Ben , Sokol Alexey 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Dimethyl Sulfide and Dimethyl Sulfoxide and Their Oxidation in the Atmosphere
Authors: Barnes Ian , Hjorth Jens , Mihalopoulos Nikos 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Unnatural α‐Amino Acids via Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Enamides
Authors: Au‐Yeung Terry T.‐L. , Chan Shu‐Sun , Chan Albert S. C. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Transition‐Metal Catalysis as a Tool for the Covalent Labeling of Proteins
Authors: van Maarseveen Jan H. , Reek Joost N. H. , Back Jaap Willem 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Boronic Acid Containing cis‐Stilbenes as Apoptotic Tubulin Polymerization Inhibitors
Authors: Nakamura Hiroyuki , Kuroda Hirokazu , Saito Hiroyuki , Suzuki Ryo , Yamori Takao , Maruyama Kazuo , Haga Tatsuya 
Published: May 2006

AbstractA series of boronic acid containing cis‐stilbenes as potent inhibitors of tubulin polymerization was synthesized by the introduction of boronic acid as an acceptor‐type functional group into the aromatic ring B of the combretastatin framework. High cell‐growth inhibition was observed with boron compounds 13 c and 13 d, in which a hydroxy group on the aromatic ring B of combretastatin A‐4 was replaced with boronic acid; IC50 values toward B‐16 and 1‐87 cell lines are 0.48–2.1 μM. Compounds 13 c and 13 d exhibited significant inhibitory activity toward tubulin polymerization (IC50=21–22 μM). The carboxylic acid derivative 17, which can be considered as a mimic of boronic acid 13 c, did not show significant inhibition of cell growth or tubulin polymerization. According to the FACScan analysis using Jurkat cells, apoptosis was induced after incubation for 8 h with 13 c at a concentration of >10−8 M. Growth inhibitory experiments against a panel of 39 human cancer cell lines revealed 13 c to inhibit growth differently than combretastatin A‐4; the correlation coefficient (r) between the two compounds was 0.553 in the COMPARE analysis.
Engineering mutations: Deconstructing the mouse gene by gene
Authors: Raymond Christopher S. , Soriano Philippe 
Published: May 2006

AbstractOver the past years new vectors and methodologies have been developed to carry out large‐scale genome‐wide insertional mutagenesis screens in the mouse. Gene trapping, the most commonly used technique, is based on the insertion of a retroviral‐ or plasmid‐based vector into a gene, resulting in a loss‐of‐function mutation, while simultaneously reporting its expression pattern and providing a molecular tag to facilitate cloning. The discovery of vertebrate DNA transposons in the mouse and recent improvements has also led to their increased use in insertional mutagenesis screens. Several public resources have been set‐up recently by the academic community to distribute information and materials generated from these large‐scale screens. These new resources should accelerate the study and understanding of biological and developmental processes. Developmental Dynamics 235:2424–2436, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Molecular approach to annelid regeneration: cDNA subtraction cloning reveals various novel genes that are upregulated during the large‐scale regeneration of the oligochaete, Enchytraeus japonensis
Authors: Myohara Maroko , Niva Cintia Carla , Lee Jae Min 
Published: May 2006

AbstractTo identify genes specifically activated during annelid regeneration, suppression subtractive hybridization was performed with cDNAs from regenerating and intact Enchytraeus japonensis, a terrestrial oligochaete that can regenerate a complete organism from small body fragments within 4–5 days. Filter array screening subsequently revealed that about 38% of the forward‐subtracted cDNA clones contained genes that were upregulated during regeneration. Two hundred seventy‐nine of these clones were sequenced and found to contain 165 different sequences (79 known and 86 unknown). Nine clones were fully sequenced and four of these sequences were matched to known genes for glutamine synthetase, glucosidase 1, retinal protein 4, and phosphoribosylaminoimidazole carboxylase, respectively. The remaining five clones encoded an unknown open‐reading frame. The expression levels of these genes were highest during blastema formation. Our present results, therefore, demonstrate the great potential of annelids as a new experimental subject for the exploration of unknown genes that play critical roles in animal regeneration. Developmental Dynamics 235:2051–2070, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Zinc Complexes of Amine Mono(phenolate) [NOO2] Ligands: Controlling Coordination Modes by Bulk of Phenolate Substituents
Authors: Groysman Stanislav , Sergeeva Ekaterina , Goldberg Israel , Kol Moshe 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThe coordination chemistry of three tripodal monoanionic amine mono(phenolate) ligands bearing two methoxy sidearm donors with ethylzinc(II) is reported. Reacting diethylzinc with the ligand precursor bearing bulky (tBu) phenolate substituents led cleanly to a mono(ethyl) mononuclear Cs‐symmetric zinc complex according to spectroscopic data. X‐ray structure analysis revealed a semi‐pentacoordinate complex as one of the methoxy sidearm donors was tightly bound whereas the other one was weakly bound. The ligand precursors bearing less bulky electron‐donating (Me) or electron‐withdrawing (Br) phenolate substituents led cleanly to dinuclear pentacoordinate complexes, bridged by phenolate oxygens, in which only one of the two sidearm donors was bound, and in a weak manner. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
Transfer Hydrogenation of Ketones Catalysed by New Half‐Sandwich Ruthenium(II) Complexes Bearing the Sulfonated Phosphane (meta‐Sulfonatophenyl)diphenylphosphane Potassium Salt (TPPMS)
Authors: Díez Josefina , Gamasa M. Pilar , Lastra Elena , García‐Fernández Almudena , Tarazona M. Pilar 
Published: May 2006

AbstractNew half‐sandwich ruthenium(II) complexes [RuCl2(η6‐arene)(TPPMS)] [η6‐arene = p‐cymene (1a), benzene (1b)] and [RuCl(η6‐arene)(TPPMS)2][Cl] [η6‐arene = p‐cymene (2a), benzene (2b)] containing the water‐soluble (meta‐sulfonatophenyl)diphenylphosphane potassium salt (TPPMS) have been synthesised. The X‐ray analysis for complex 1a revealed that, in the solid state, complex anions are held together in the crystal lattice by weak electrostatic interactions with potassium cations leading to a linear chain structure. The extent of the association in solution depends on the solvent and the determination of the size of the particles in THF can be accomplished using Multiangle Light Scattering (MALS). The new complexes proved to be excellent catalysts for transfer hydrogenation of ketones and the hydrophilic properties of the TPPMS ligand allow the catalyst recovery. The hydride derivative [RuClH(η6‐p‐cymene)(TPPMS)] (4) has also been shown to be an efficient catalyst for these processes. Moreover, when 1a was used as catalyst, complex 4 was observed as the main product after the catalysis, supporting the implication of hydride species in transfer hydrogenation catalysis. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
Copper(II) Complexes of the Tetraazamacrocyclic Tertiary Amide Ligand Alanyl‐Cyclam (Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 12/2006)
Authors: Schickaneder Christian , Heinemann Frank W. , Alsfasser Ralf 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThe cover picture shows the structural changes in tertiary carboxamide groups induced by coordination of the electrically neutral nitrogen atom to a metal ion. Changing the hybridization from sp2 to sp3 results in pyramidalization at the nitrogen atom. This is expressed by the parameter χN which ranges from 0° (sp2) to 60° (sp3). Werner complexes with relatively weak M–Namide bonds are known with χN values between 30° and 47°. Full sp3 hybridization with complete lifting of the resonance and a value of 58° for χN is achieved in a complex in which the copper(II) ion is in the centre of the tetraazamacrocyclic amide ligand tert‐butoxycarbonyl‐alanyl‐cyclam. Details of its synthesis and structure are discussed in the article by R. Alsfasser et al. on p. 2357 ff.
Metal‐Catalyzed Bond Reorganization of 1,3‐Diynes
Authors: Cho Eun Jin , Kim Mansuk , Lee Daesung 
Published: May 2006

Abstract1,3‐Diynes possessing propargylic heteroatom substituents provide functionalized 1,5‐dien‐3‐ynes when catalyzed by platinum and gold. This rearrangement implies the involvement of metallotropic [1,3]‐shift of the intermediate alkynyl metal carbene species. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
Cover Picture: Synthesis of Alkynyl‐Substituted Nitronyl Nitroxides through an Organosilicon Derivative (Eur. J. Org. Chem. 12/2006)
Authors: Tretyakov Eugene , Romanenko Galina , Podoplelov Alexei , Ovcharenko Victor 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThe cover picture shows the synthesis of acetylenyl‐substituted nitronyl nitroxides, which affords single crystals under mild conditions, whose structure was studied by direct X‐ray analysis. Spin‐labeled acetylenes, now accessible to experimenters, have added all the power of alkyne chemistry to nitroxide chemistry. This was first demonstrated in the 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reaction, which afforded the corresponding pyrazoles. The flask with a solution of a spinlabeled nitroxide reflects the kinetic stability of these compounds over prolonged periods of time in solution and the ensuing efficiency of the one‐pot synthesis strategy in obtaining the desired derivatives. Details are discussed in the article by V. Ovcharenko et al. on p. 2695 ff.
A rigid poly(dimethylsiloxane) sandwich electrophoresis microchip based on thin‐casting method
Authors: Liu Changchun , Cui Dafu , Cai Haoyuan , Chen Xing , Geng Zhaoxin 
Published: May 2006

AbstractWe present a novel concept of glass/poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS)/glass sandwich microchip and developed a thin‐casting method for fabrication. Unlike the previously reported casting method for fabricating PDMS microchip, several drops of PDMS prepolymer were first added on the silanizing SU‐8 master, then another glass plate was placed over the prepolymer as a cover plate, and formed a glass plate/PDMS prepolymer/SU‐8 master sandwich mode. In order to form a thin PDMS membrane, a weight was placed on the glass plate. After the whole sandwich mode was cured at 80°C for 30 min, the SU‐8 master was easily peeled and the master microstructures were completely transferred to the PDMS membrane which was tightly stuck to the glass plate. The microchip was subsequently assembled by reversible sealing with the glass cover plate. We found that this PDMS sandwich microchip using the thin‐casting method could withstand internal pressures of >150 kPa, more than 5 times higher than that of the PDMS hybrid microchip with reversible sealing. In addition, it shows an excellent heat‐dissipating property and provides a user‐friendly rigid interface just like a glass microchip, which facilitates manipulation of the microchip and fix tubing. As an application, PDMS sandwich microchips were tested in the capillary electrophoresis separation of fluorescein isothiocyanate‐labeled amino acids.
Solid‐phase extraction and large‐volume sample stacking with an electroosmotic flow pump in capillary electrophoresis for determination of methotrexate and its metabolites in human plasma
Authors: Kuo Chien‐Yuan , Chiou Shyh‐Shin , Wu Shou‐Mei 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThis paper describes approaches for large‐volume sample stacking (LVSS) with an EOF pumpin CE for the determination of methotrexate (MTX) and its metabolites in human plasma. After pretreatment of plasma through a SPE cartridge, a large sample volume was loaded by hydrodynamic injection (3 psi, 70 s) into the capillary filled with phosphate buffer (70 mM, pH 6.0) containing 0.01% polyethylene oxide. Following removal of a large plug of sample matrix from the capillary using polarity switching (—25 kV), the separation of anionic analytes was subsequently performed without changing polarity again, achieving an improvement of sensitivity of around a 100‐fold. The method was applied to therapeutic drug monitoring of MTX in one acute lymphoblastic leukemia patient. This study is one of very few applications showing the feasibility of LVSS in analysis of biological samples by CE.
Proteomic mapping of the hyperthermophilic and acidophilic archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus P2
Authors: Barry Richard C. , Young Mark J. , Stedman Kenneth M. , Dratz Edward A. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractA proteomic map of Sulfolobus solfataricus P2, an archaeon that grows optimally at 80°C and pH 3.2, was developed using high‐resolution 2‐DE and peptide mass fingerprinting. A total of 867 protein spots (659 aqueous Tris‐soluble spots and 208 aqueous Tris‐insoluble) were mapped over IPG 3–10, 4–7, and 6–11, with second‐dimensional gels made of 8–18% polyacrylamide. Three hundred and twenty‐four different gene products were represented by the 867 spots, with 274 gene products being identified in the Tris‐soluble fractions and 100 gene products in the Tris‐insoluble portion. Fifty gene products were found on gels from both fractions. Additionally, an average of 1.50 ± 0.12 isoforms/protein was identified. This mapping study confirmed the expression of proteins involved in numerous metabolic, transport, energy production, nucleic acid replication, translation, and transcription pathways. Of particular interest, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (SSO2537) was detected even though the pathway for gluconeogenesis is unknown for this archaeon. Tris‐soluble fractions contained many cytosolic proteins while Tris‐insoluble fractions contained many membrane‐associated proteins, including ABC transporters and an ATP synthase. This study provides an optimized 2‐DE approach for investigating the biochemical pathways and post‐translational modifications employed by Sulfolobus to survive in its extreme environment.
Scanning copy number and gene expression on the 16p13.3‐13.2 chromosomal region by the systematic multiplex polymerase chain reaction and reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction methods
Authors: Yamamoto Miyako , Ahn Ray Hyungjoo , Yamamoto Fumiichiro 
Published: May 2006

AbstractWe developed the systematic multiplex reverse transcription‐PCR (SM RT‐PCR) method that is distinguishable from other multiplex RT‐PCR methods by optimized PCR conditions allowing amplification of sequences that fall within a single exon of genes of similar band intensity using genomic DNA template as a calibration standard. Using an SM RT‐PCR system of proto‐oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, we previously showed that the SM RT‐PCR system, which was developed for cDNA expression analysis, could also be used for a more exquisite analysis of copy number changes in genomic DNA. Here we report that the SM PCR method semiquantitatively detected less than a two‐fold difference in copy number. Furthermore, we also report the results of subchromosomal scanning of copy number and expression using the SM PCR and SM RT‐PCR methods. We identified and characterized the novel homozygous deletion that spans over 12‐plus genes on 16p13.3‐13.2 in the MDA‐MB‐468 breast cancer cell line.
Electrophoresis of pharmaceutical proteins: Status quo
Authors: Little Michael J. , Paquette Donald M. , Roos Pieter K. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThe biotechnology industry has undergone rapid growth in recent years largely due to the development and success of protein‐based therapeutics for a wide range of disorders. Similar to traditional pharmaceuticals, characterization of a therapeutic protein for its physicochemical properties, process monitoring and lot release is crucial. Electrophoresis in the slab‐gel format has and continues to be a mainstay of the protein laboratory; and more recently, CE has begun to make significant inroads for protein analysis in industrial settings. This review focuses on the electrophoresis of proteins with an emphasis on protein‐based therapeutics in the capillary, slab‐gel and to a lesser extent, the microchip format. Reported applications of electrophoresis at several stages of the biopharmaceutical industry covering the period of 2000–2005 will be discussed.
Spectrum sharing with value‐orientation for cognitive radio
Authors: Mangold Stefan , Berlemann Lars , Nandagopalan Saishankar 
Published: May 2006

AbstractRadio spectrum is not efficiently utilised because of the complicated and time‐consuming radio regulation processes. In this article, technologies to help overcoming this barrier, namely, cognitive radios, are discussed. Cognitive radios (i.e. agile radios) operate in the radio spectrum that was originally licensed to other (incumbent, primary) radio services. A cognitive radio seeks unused radio resources and communicates using these opportunities, without interfering with the operation of licensed radios. We discuss two main problems: protection of incumbents and coexistence of cognitive radios. Spectrum sharing among different radio systems can be understood as a scenario forming a society of independent decision‐makers. Therefore, basic concepts to classify social action that are taken from social science are applied to define system strategy rules. The rules represent algorithms for decision‐making entities (referred to as actors) that reside in the radio systems. For a simple scenario of spectrum sharing, we investigate the need for regulation as opposed to voluntary rules. Copyright © 2006 AEIT
Antifungal activity of the essential oil of Thymus capitellatus against Candida, Aspergillus and dermatophyte strains
Authors: Salgueiro Lígia Ribeiro , Pinto Eugénia , Gonçalves Maria José , Costa Inês , Palmeira Ana , Cavaleiro Carlos , Pina‐Vaz Cidália , Rodrigues Acácio Gonçalves , Martinez‐de‐Oliveira José 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThe antifungal activity of Thymus capitellatus oils on Candida, Aspergillus and dermatophyte strains were studied. The essential oils were obtained from the aerial parts of the plants by water distillation and analysed by GC and GC–MS. Three chemotypes were characterized: 1,8‐cineole (47.5%), 1,8‐cineole/borneol (28.8% and 19.5%, respectively) and 1,8‐cineole/linalyl acetate/linalool (27.5%, 20.0% and 17.0%, respectively). The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) determined according to the NCCLS protocols (M27‐A and M38‐P) and the minimal lethal concentration (MLC) were used to evaluate the antifungal activity of the oils against Candida (seven clinical isolates and three ATCC type strains), Aspergillus (five clinical isolates, two CECT and two ATCC type strains) and five dermatophyte clinical fungi strains. The oils exhibited antifungal activity for the dermatophyte strains, with MIC values of 0.32–1.25 µl/ml; the chemotype 1,8‐cineole/linalyl acetate/linalool proved to be more active. The highest antifungal activity of this oil can be associated with the contribution of the linalyl acetate. In the other hand, all samples showed low activity against Candida and Aspergillus strains. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A flow‐condition‐based interpolation finite element procedure for triangular grids
Authors: Kohno Haruhiko , Bathe Klaus‐Jürgen 
Published: May 2006

AbstractA flow‐condition‐based interpolation finite element scheme is presented for use of triangular grids in the solution of the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations. The method provides spatially isotropic discretizations for low and high Reynolds number flows. Various example solutions are given to illustrate the capabilities of the procedure. This article replaces a previously published version, which was retracted due to printing errors: International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 2005; 49(8):849–875 [DOI: 10.1002/fld.1027]. Retraction notice DOI: 10.1002/fld.1247 Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparison of the domains of anxiety and mood of the University of Washington Head and Neck Cancer Questionnaire (UW‐QOL V4) with the CES‐D and HADS
Authors: Rogers Simon N. , Rajlawat Bijaya , Goru Janaki , Lowe Derek , Humphris Gerry M. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractBackground.Version 4 of the University of Washington Head and Neck Cancer Questionnaire (UW‐QOLv4) includes items on mood and anxiety. The aim of this study was to compare the responses to these single items with the Centre for Epidemiology Studies Depression Scale (CES‐D) and the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS).Methods.A cross‐sectional postal survey was undertaken in April 2003. The survey was composed of all patients treated for oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma between 1992 and 2002 who were alive and disease free.Results.We distributed 306 questionnaires; there were 197 replies (65%) from 110 male and 87 female patients. Most patients reported relatively little depression, with 170 of 190 (89%) reporting a HADS depression score of less than 11. Similarly, most patients were not anxious, with 158 of 183 (86%) reporting a HADS anxiety score of less than 11. UW‐QOL mood, UW‐QOL anxiety, HADS anxiety, HADS depression, and CES‐D scores were all moderately intercorrelated (Spearman correlations from 0.39–0.68 ignoring the signs, all p < .001). The UW‐QOL mood correlated with the scores and “case‐ness” categories of the HADS depression and CES‐D scales, whereas the UW‐QOL anxiety correlated with the scores and “case‐ness” of the HADS anxiety.Conclusions.Questions on mood and anxiety can help identify significant psychological morbidity, taking a score of less than 75 for UW‐QOL mood and less than 70 for UW‐QOL anxiety. This could be used to trigger formal psychological assessment and with a view to possible therapeutic intervention. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2006
Novel 2‐Arylbenzofuran Derivatives from Artocarpus petelotii
Authors: Chen Lei , Jiang Wei , Hou Ai‐Jun 
Published: May 2006

AbstractFurther phytochemical investigations on the root barks of Artocarpus petelotii Gagnep afforded four novel isoprenylated 2‐arylbenzofuran derivatives, namely artopetelins D–G (1–4). Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, mainly by 2D‐NMR techniques. The biogenetic origins of artopetelins F and G (3 and 4) were also postulated.