bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A new diagnostic approach to congenital stridor using a laryngeal mask airway and rigid endoscope
Authors: Samet A. , Talmon Y. , Frankel R. , Simon K. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractNeonates with symptoms of stridor from birth, present a difficult diagnostic problem. We have demonstrated that by the use of a laryngeal mask airway in an anaesthetized baby breathing spontaneously, we are able to reach a diagnosis. This is accomplished by the introduction of a rigid fibre-optic endoscope through a Portex swivel connector and visualizing the glottis and larynx.
First cleft branchial fistula in a child – a modified surgical technique
Authors: Murthy P. , Shenoy P. , Khan N. A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractCongenital first branchial cleft fistulae, their embryology, anomalies, varied relationships to the facial nerve and surgical techniques for their excision have been well described in the literature. We report a case of a type II first cleft fistula in a three-year-old child which required a modification of the standard surgical approach to achieve safe and complete excision with identification and preservation of the facial nerve.
Submental abscess: an unusual delayed complication of primary Blom–Singer valve insertion
Authors: Denholm S. W. , Fielder C. P. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractVoice restoration following laryngectomy can be achieved by the now well accepted technique of inserting a ’Blom–Singer‘ prosthesis through a tracheo-oesophageal fistula created either primarily or secondarily. Recognized complications of primary puncture and valve insertion include haemorrhage, oesophageal perforation, peristomal cellulitis and aspiration of saliva. We describe the previously unreported complication of a submental abscess developing probably as a result of air being forced from the fistula up between the trachea and the pharynx, this plane not having fully healed as a result of previous radiotherapy. The problem was compounded by the patient's over-zealous attempts to phonate. To prevent this problem arising in future we recommend leaving the fistula at least six weeks to mature before inserting the valve, when the patient has had previous radiotherapy, and encouraging relaxation when learning to phonate with this technique.
Aberrant thyroglossal cyst
Authors: O'Hanlon D. M. , Walsh N. , Corry J. , Mortimer G. , Flynn J. R. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA case is presented of a laterally occurring thyroglossal cyst. In conventional teaching, thyroglossal duct remnants occupy the midline, or a position adjacent to the midline, and are found in a line marking the descent of the thyroid anlage and move upwards on protruding the tongue. Laterally presenting thyroglossal duct remnants are unusual.
Mycobacterium marches back
Authors: Williams R. Gareth , Douglas-Jones Tony 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe resurgence of tuberculosis world-wide and its association with HIV infection means a greater likelihood of otolaryngologists encountering the disease in one form or another. In this review the features of primary and secondary tuberculosis in various head and neck sites are described, and recent advances in diagnosis are discussed. For the otolaryngologists other important aspects such as infections with atypical mycobacteria, the differential diagnosis of cervical lymphadenopathy in HIV-infected patients, recently recognized problems in drug treatment, and the role of surgery in head and neck tuberculosis are also discussed.
The effect of long-term antibiotic therapy upon ciliary beat frequency in chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Scadding G. K. , Lund V. J. , Darby Y. C. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe mucociliary escalator is the first line of defence of the upper and lower respiratory tracts (Greenstone and Cole, 1985; Sleighet al., 1988). Failure of mucociliary clearance is associated with chronic or recurrent respiratory tract infection. Ten patients with chronic rhinosinusitis underwent nasal brushings for the assessment of ciliary beat frequency. In two no beating cilia were seen; in the remainder the mean value was 9.3 Hz ± 2.3; range 6.1–12.8 Hz (n = 8).Following three months continuous oral antibiotic therapy repeat nasal brushings demonstrated increased ciliary beat frequencies in all patients, mean value 13.7 Hz ± 1.6; range 11.5–16.3 Hz (n = 10); (p<0.001 pairedt-test).Depression of mucociliary clearance can occur secondarily to chronic infection and is improved by prolonged antibiotics.
Anterior cervical pain syndromes: hyoid, thyroid and cricoid cartilage syndromes and their treatment with triamcinolone acetonide
Authors: Kunachak Somyos 
Published: November 2007

AbstractFifty-one patients who presented with anterior cervical or throat pain, without apparent cause, were selected for study at the ENT outpatient department from January 1987 to January 1992. Their clinical symptoms, probable aetiologies and treatment were studied. The most common diagnosis was hyoid syndrome, followed by thyroid cartilage syndrome and cricoid cartilage syndrome. These last two syndromes have not been previously reported because they were coined in Ramathibodi Hospital for patients who had similar clinical patterns localized to the thyroid and cricoid cartilages respectively. Treatment using intralesional triamcinolone acetonide injection was effective in all cases. There was no recurrence after one-five years follow-up.
Cordectomy: a solution to Teflon granuloma of the vocal fold
Authors: Russell J. D. , Perry Alison , Cheesman A. D. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTeflon injection has been widely used for the treatment of unilateral vocal fold paralysis. Complications are few and infrequent. Overinjection and Teflon granuloma are the two commonest problems encountered. Treating such complications and restoring vocal quality is widely regarded as difficult. Endoscopic transmucosal excision of the excess Teflon and/or granuloma has not been successful in improving phonatory quality. Cordectomy is proposed as an alternative surgical approach for managing both the convex vocal fold and Teflon granuloma after injection.
Palatal myoclonus affected by neck position
Authors: Tomkinson A. , Craven C. , Brown M. J. K. M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPalatal myoclonus is defined as a continuous, rhythmic contraction of the palatal musculature. Reverberant neuronal activity in a region of the brain stem known as the Guillain-Mollaret triangle is believed to underlie this condition.We present a case of palatal myoclonus which could be abolished, by anterior neck flexion. The pathology and management of this condition is briefly discussed.
Glomus tumour of the oropharynx
Authors: González-Cámpora Ricardo , Rodríguez José Luis Villar , Ramírez Francisco Vázquez , Cano Salvador Díaz , Ruiz Hugo Galera 
Published: November 2007

AbstractHaemangiopericytoma and glomus tumours are infrequent neoplasms in otorrhinolaryngology. A case of glomus tumour with haemangiopericytomatous features of the left amygdalar fossa tsaeported. Its clinical, surgical and histological features are described. This case report supports the unitary concept of smooth muscle tumours of the small vascular wall.
Aerodigestive tract obstruction as a late complication of radiotherapy
Authors: Nageris Benny , Elidan Joseph , Sichel Jean-Yves 
Published: November 2007

AbstractOedema, fibrosis, and stenosis of the hypopharynx and the oesophageal inlet are described in a few publications as a complication of post-laryngectomy irradiation treatment.In this paper a case of laryngeal carcinoma, treated exclusively by irradiation, where severe laryngeal and hypopharyngeal stenosis with complete occlusion of the oesophageal inlet were manifested as a late complication is described. We have found no similar case described in the English literature.
Hearing loss and pigmentary disturbances in Waardenburg syndrome with reference to WS Type II
Authors: Liu Xuezhong , Newton Valerie , Read Andrew 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThirty families in which there were 149 individuals affected by the Waardenburg syndrome (WS) were investigated for penetrance of hearing loss and pigmentary abnormalities. Twenty two families contained 89 individuals affected by WS Type II and eight families with 60 individuals affected by Type I. A bilateral symmetrical sensorineural hearing loss was found to be the most common type of hearing loss. The most frequent degree of hearing loss category was a hearing loss of > 100dB HL with no difference between syndrome types.Although there was no significant difference in the frequency of pigmentation disorders between Type I and II, considering these abnormalities as a whole, heterochromia irides was more common in Type II than Type I and other pigmentation disorders were more frequent in Type I: 62 per cent of Type I patients had more than one pigmentary defect, but only 28 per cent of Type II. Pigmentary disturbances were not significantly more frequent in the hearing impaired group than in the normally hearing group in either Type I or II when taking into account the occurrence of only one pigmentation disorder. There was a significantly higher proportion of pigmentary defects in the hearing impaired group with Type I when only those having more than one pigmentary abnormality were compared: 93.3 per cent of Type I patients and 88.5 per cent of Type II patients with a profound hearing loss had pigmentary defects. The frequency of pigmentation disorders was not greater when the hearing loss was more severe in either type. Penetrance for hearing loss and pigmentary abnormalities showed marked intrafamilial and interfamilial variation.
An audit of the management of acute otitis externa in an ENT casualty clinic
Authors: Raza S. Ali , Denholm Stuart W. , Wong Jimmy C. H. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe management of acute otitis externa is variable, despite the fact that it is one of the commonest otological emergencies. We formed the impression that many patients attending our ENT casualty clinic with otitis externa were being treated and followed up inappropriately. To test this hypothesis we performed a retrospective pilot study on our practice which revealed a lack of uniformity in the management and follow-up of these patients. And as a result of this, guidelines were developed to improve our management of otitis externa and decrease the number of unnecessary review visits. Our practice was then audited prospectively over a six-month period with the guidelines in place. An improvement in the overall management and a rationalization of follow-up for otitis externa was seen by applying basic audit principles to this common clinical problem.
Chondrosarcoma of the larynx
Authors: Koka Venkata N. , Veber Francois , Haguet Jean-Francois , Rachinel Oliver , Freche Charles , Liguory-Brunaud Marie-Dominique 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA case of a low grade chondrosarcoma of the cricoid cartilage which had been diagnosed intially as a chondroma is presented. The tumour reurred twice after limited surgical resections. Total laryngectomy was inecvitable due to near total involvement of the cricoid cartilage and subsequent histological examination revealed a low grade chondrosacroma. We have discussed in brief, the diagnosis and treatment of chondrosarcomas of the larynx and support the view of consecutive surgical managaement of low grade tumours as they are slow growing and metastates are infequent. A total laryngectomy may be reserved for salvage or primarily when more than half of the cricoid cartilage needs to be resected.Histologicalgrading reveals the biological behaviour of the tumour and CT scans help in planning the surgery. A regular follow-up is necessary for early detection of recurrences and metastases.
Chondroradionecrosis of the larynx: still a diagnostic dilemma
Authors: Rowley H. , Walsh M. , McShane D. , Fraser I. , O'Dwyer T. P. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractFollowing radiation treatment for carcinoma of the larynx it may be very difficult to differentiate between persistent or recurrent tumour and severe radiation effects particularly chondroradionecrosis. Despite repeated negative biopsy it may be necessary to perform total laryngectomy where the concern about persistent cancer remains and the larynx is non-functioning. We report nine cases presenting as chondroradionecrosis over a five-year period. Two patients settled on medical treatment. Of seven patients treated with laryngectomy the histology on two revealed residual or recurrent carcinoma.We outline the dilemmas in diagnosis and propose management strategies to deal with this condition including recommendations for prevention and treatment.
Chondromyxoid fibroma of the nasal bone with extension into the frontal and ethmoidal sinuses
Authors: Koay C. B. , Freeland A. P. , Athanasou N. A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractChondromyxoid fibroma is a rare benign tumour whose histological appearance may easily be misinterpreted as chondrosarcoma. It has a tendency to recur locally unless completely excised. A rare case of the tumour affecting the nasal bone with extension into the frontal and ethmoidal sinuses and impingement on the cribiform plate is presented. Complete excision was achieved any the craniofacial resection approach.
Epithelial migration in open mastoidectomy cavities
Authors: Youngs Robin 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTwenty patients who had undergone open cavity mastoidectomy for chronic middle ear disease were selected for study. Following initial microscopic aural toilet, each cavity was painted in its medial aspect with a marker solution of Bonney's Blue dye. Each patient was assessed at weekly intervals for a minimum of three months following application of dye, and a photographic record made of the cavity. Information was also sought regarding the clinical behaviour of the mastoid cavities, with particular regard to degree of otorrhoea, and accumulation of debris. Migration of epithelium inferred by visible movement of dye occurred in 17 of the 20 mastoid cavities. In all these cases migration occurred in a medial to lateral direction, towards the exterior. In two cases there was no visible migration throughout the period of observation, and inspection after six months revealed the dye to be still present in the original position. Both these cases were of dry trouble-free cavities in which accumulation of debris did not appear to be a problem. This finding calls into question the assumption that clean trouble-free cavities are maintained by a satisfactorily functioning epithelial migration. In the four cavities which suffered from intermittent otorrhoea, epithelial migration occurred at a similar rate to that in dry cavities.
A confidential comparative audit of stapedectomies: results of the Royal College of Surgeons of England Comparative Audit of ENT Surgery 1994
Authors: Harkness P. , Brown P. , Fowler S. , Grant H. , Topham J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThis paper presents the results of a national confidential comparative audit of stapedectomy: 185 operations by 28 consultants over a two-year period were retrospectively analysed. This included 10 revision procedures. Small fenestra stapedectomies accounted for 63 per cent of the total. Thirty-nine per cent of consultants operated on the second ear. Of the 168 stapedectomies in which the hearing change was known at six months, 87 per cent achieved improved hearing, eight per cent had no change and five per cent were worse. The overall complication rate was 30 per cent with a ‘dead ear’ rate of two per cent.
Nasal tuberculosis – an increasing problem?
Authors: Johnson I. J. M. , Soames J. V. , Marshall H. F. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractNasal tuberculosis represents a rare manifestation of infection by Mycohacteriurn tuberculosis: a case is presented together with a review of the literature. The correct management is documented, especially the need to treat the patient as if there was a generalized condition, and the problems concerning drug resistance are also considered. The incidence of this disease is rising and its importance must once again he highlighted.
An unusual presentation of an unusual complication of infectious mononucleosis: haematemesis and melaena
Authors: Koay C. B. , Norval C. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTonsillar haemorrhage is a rare complication of infectious mononucleosis. We present a case of life-threatening tonsillar haemorrhage secondary to infectious mononucleosis in a young man whose predominant symptoms at presentation were haematemesis and melaena. The origin of the haemorrhage was not obvious until the patient was examined under anaesthesia. The bleeding was controlled by emergency tonsillectomy.
Lipomas of the larynx and hypopharynx: a review of the literature with the addition of three new cases
Authors: Wenig Bruce M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractLipomas of the larynx and hypopharynx are uncommon mesenchymal neoplasms. This report discusses the clinical and pathological features of three cases of laryngeal and hypopharyngeal lipomas. Two of the cases occurred in females and one in a male. The ages of the patients were 28, 51 and 51 years respectively. Two of the cases involved the supraglottic larynx (left arytenoid and left vestibular fold); the third involved the pyriform sinus. Symptoms included airway obstruction. dysphagia, throat discomfort, a sensation of excessive secretions in the throat and an increase in snoring. The complaints occurred over periods ranging from several months to one year in duration. Clinically, a polypoid lesion described as yellow in appearance was seen. Histologically. the tumours were composed of mature adipocytes without evidence of pleomorphism, lipoblasts or infiltrative growth. Surgery was the treatment of choice and included simple but complete excision in two of the cases. In these two cases, surgery proved curative with follow-up periods of 11 and seven years, respectively. In one case. the initial tumour was removed in pieces. This lesion recurred 15 years after the initial resection and was totally excised at that time. This patient has been free of tumour for more than five years.
Evolution of speech and voice following supracricoid partial laryngectomy
Authors: Crevier-Buchman Lise , Laccourreye Ollivier , Weinstein Gregory , Garcia Dominique , Jouffre Véronique , Brasnu Daniel 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe evolution of voice and speech parameters following supracricoid partial laryngectomy (SCPL) has been evaluated in a prospective fashion over an 18-month period of time in three patients using the Computerized Speech Lab (from Kay Elemetrics). Preliminary results demonstrate the post-operative instability of voice parameters. Speech parameters remain stable with time. Our data stresses that voice is attained post-operatively even if one arytenoid cartilage is disarticulated at time of resection.
Thrombosed posterior-inferior cerebellar artery aneurysm: a rare cerebellopontine angle tumour
Authors: Morris David P. , Ballagh Robert H. , Hong Alvin , Moffat David A. , Hardy David G. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA case report of a thrombosed posterior-inferior cerebellar artery aneurysm is described. The tumour masqueraded as a vestibular schwannoma on imaging but the presenting featureswere unusual, the facial pain and weakness predominating despite well preserved hearing. This is an example of a rare cerebellopontine angle tumour and highlights the need for suspicion when lesions present atypically.
Tension pneumoperitoneum as an early complication after adenotonsillectomy
Authors: Vos Gus D. , Marres E. H. , Heineman Erik , Janssens Maurice 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPneumoperitoneum as a result of pneumomediastinum has been described already. Amongst the causes pneumoperitoneum due to a complication of adenotonsillectomy, has not previously been described.We describe a five-year-old girl with tension pneumoperitoneum with respiratory and circulatory insufficiency half an hour after adenotonsillectomy. Removal of the intra-abdominal air witha 14 gauge needle restored normal respiration and circulation.
Mast cells in aural polyps: a preliminary report
Authors: Hussain S. S. M. , Hopkinson J. M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractMast cells are a rich source of potent biologically active mediators and are found in connective tissue, associated with blood vessels in many varied inflammatory conditions. Mast cells have been described in nasal polyps and turbinates and in adenoidal tissue in the upper aerodigestive tract. As the middle ear lining is contiguous with the nose and the nasopharynx, the presence of mast cells in aural polyps is interesting.This preliminary study investigated the presence of mast cells in inflammatory aural polyps using light microscopy. All patients presenting to the department in one year were included. Patients with previous ear disease or surgery and in whom cholesteatoma was suspected were excluded. Except for one patient mast cells were seen in all aural polyps. The implications of these findings is discussed. Further work is needed using electron microscopy.
Anticipation in Menière's disease
Authors: Morrison Andrew W. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe aetiology of Menière's disease (MD) remains obscure, but is likely to be multifactorial, one of the factors being a genetic predisposition. Forty-one families with more than one living member with MD were ascertained and affected and normal relations examined. Blood was collected and DNA extracted and stored. In these families the mode of inheritance is autosomal dominant, the penetrance of the mutation being about 60 per cent. Some of the family members exhibit a partial syndrome, vestibular symptoms predominating. Sporadic and familial cases exhibit the same clinical features. The striking finding is the phenomenon of anticipation, whereby with successive generations there is an earlier age of onset and a tendency to more severe manifestation. The inference, considering that the cells which regulate endolymph are of neuroectodermal origin, is that, like other neurodegenerative disorders which show anticipation, MD manifestation is likely to be related to trinucloetide expansion within a gene.
Giant cell tumour of the temporal bone presenting as vertigo
Authors: McCluggage W. G. , McBride G. B. , Primrose W. J. , Cullan J. , McNaboe E. J. , Bharucha H. , Fannin T. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe report a case of giant cell tumour of the temporal bone arising in a 31-year-old man. The presenting symptoms were unusual, being rotational vertigo, unilateral tinnitus, and hearing loss. A computed tomography (CT) scan showed a large mass within the right temporal bone and the infratemporal fossa. The radiological appearance was suggestive of an aggressive primary neoplasm arising within bone. Biopsy and subsequent resection showed a giant cell tumour of bone. The tumour was histological grade 1. At two-year follow-up, there was no evidence of tumour recurrence or metastasis.
Acute airway obstruction due to ruptured aneurysmal arterio–venous fistula: common carotid artery to internal jugular vein
Authors: Nandapalan V. , O'Sullivan D. G. , Siodlak M. , Charters P. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractFistulae between major vessels in the head and neck are uncommon. In both civilian and wartime reports, the total number of traumatic arterio–venous fistulae in head and neck region account for less than four per cent of all arterial injuries. Fourteen cases of congenital communication between the external carotid artery and external or internal jugular vein have been reported. We report and discuss the management of a case of ruptured carotico–jugular fistula secondary to infection which presented as acute upper airway obstruction. This appears to be the first description of such a case in the literature.