bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Affective‐Motivational States Link Threat Experience and Defensive Reactions During the Covid‐19 Pandemic
Authors: Jutzi Chiara Annika , Möller Julius , Klackl Johannes , Rosenzweig Tom , Reiss Stefan , Franchina Vittoria , Jonas Eva 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe pandemic changed people's lives and came with enormous restrictions on personal freedom, greatly restricting people's sense of agency. In response, people oscillated between fear and anger. We show (N = 2125) the ways in which people restored their perceived agency that was taken away by restrictions and that affective reactions to the pandemic may have guided people's pandemic behavior. In Study 1 (n = 276), psychological threat elicited by the pandemic predicted anxiety and was, in turn, related to reactance. While anxiety positively predicted reactions increasing the success of pandemic management, reactance was related to non‐facilitating reactions such as belief in conspiracies and vaccine distrust. In Study 2 (n = 354), reading about a conspiracy myth as one form of defense increased positive affect. In Study 3 (n = 213) and Study 4 (n = 1282), we replicated findings from Study 1, extending the focus to belief in conspiracies and fake news, anti‐vaccination attitudes, national trust, solidarity, and mainstream media mistrust. Interestingly, in Study 4, defensive reactions were associated with more perceived agency, indicating that defensive reactions may be tools to manage pandemic‐induced affect. This study series shows that a threat and defense perspective may be a useful angle to understand human behavior in times of crisis.
Theorizing Waste as a Technique of Power in Capitalistic Stakeholder Relations
Authors: Lobbedez Elise , Pascucci Stefano , Panico Teresa 
Published: February 2025

AbstractWaste is an important socio‐ecological challenge of contemporary capitalism, contributing to climate change and environmental degradation. Despite its pervasiveness and its impacts on diverse stakeholders, it yet remains largely underexplored in management and organization studies. Addressing this gap, this paper investigates waste's crucial role in shaping specific stakeholder relations by theorizing it as a technique of power. By examining the case of a socio‐ecological crisis in Naples, Italy, characterized by illegal waste practices linked to Mafia organizations, we unpack two entangled techniques of power: commodifying waste – transforming it into something that can be traded on a market and perpetuating its exploitation; and ignoring waste – involving failing or refusing to consider and recognize waste. Our findings elucidate how these two techniques produced and reinforced socio‐ecological hierarchies, in which local stakeholders were wasted. By highlighting the lived experiences of local communities affected by waste, our study contributes to a deeper understanding of power dynamics among diverse stakeholders in socio‐ecological crises and demonstrates how waste functions as a mechanism of dispossession within capitalist accumulation.
Genomes of Galápagos Mockingbirds Reveal the Impact of Island Size and Past Demography on Inbreeding and Genetic Load in Contemporary Populations
Authors: Vlček Jakub , Espinoza‐Ulloa Sebastian , Cowles Sarah A. , Ortiz‐Catedral Luis , Coutu Cathy , Chaves Jaime A. , Andrés Jose , Štefka Jan 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTRestricted range size brings about noteworthy genetic consequences that may affect the viability of a population and eventually its extinction. Particularly, the question if an increase in inbreeding can avert the accumulation of genetic load via purging is hotly debated in the conservation genetic field. Insular populations with limited range sizes represent an ideal setup for relating range size to these genetic factors. Leveraging a set of eight differently sized populations of Galápagos mockingbirds (Mimus), we investigated how island size shaped effective population size (Ne), inbreeding and genetic load. We assembled a genome of M. melanotis and genotyped three individuals per population by whole‐genome resequencing. Demographic inference showed that the Ne of most populations remained high after the colonisation of the archipelago 1–2 Mya. Ne decline in M. parvulus happened only 10–20 Kya, whereas the critically endangered M. trifasciatus showed a longer history of reduced Ne. Despite these historical fluctuations, the current island size determines Ne in a linear fashion. In contrast, significant inbreeding coefficients, derived from runs of homozygosity, were identified only in the four smallest populations. The index of additive genetic load suggested purging in M. parvulus, where the smallest populations showed the lowest load. By contrast, M. trifasciatus carried the highest genetic load, possibly due to a recent rapid bottleneck. Overall, our study demonstrates a complex effect of demography on inbreeding and genetic load, providing implications in conservation genetics in general and in a conservation project of M. trifasciatus in particular.
Whole‐Genome Sequencing and Phenotyping Reveal Specific Adaptations of Lachancea thermotolerans to the Winemaking Environment
Authors: Vicente Javier , Friedrich Anne , Schacherer Joseph , Freel Kelle , Marquina Domingo , Santos Antonio 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAdaptation to the environment plays an essential role in yeast evolution as a consequence of selective pressures. Lachancea thermotolerans, a yeast related to fermentation and one of the current trends in wine technology research, has undergone an anthropisation process, leading to a notable genomic and phenomic differentiation. Using whole‐genome sequencing, of 145 L. thermotolerans strains, we identified six well‐defined groups primarily delineated by their ecological origin and exhibiting high levels of genetic diversity. Anthropised strains showed lower genetic diversity due to the selective pressure imposed by the winemaking environment. Strong evidence of anthropisation and adaptation to the wine environment through modification of gene content was also found. Differences in genes involved in the assimilation of alternative carbon and nitrogen sources, such as the MAL31 and DAL5 genes, which confer greater fitness in the winemaking environment, were observed. Additionally, we found that phenotypic traits considered domestication hallmarks are present in anthropised strains. Among these, increased fitness in the presence of ethanol and sulphites, assimilation of non‐fermentable carbon sources, and lower levels of residual fructose under fermentative conditions highlight. We hypothesise that lactic acid production in the Saccharomyces‐Lachancea lineage is an anthropisation signature linked to winemaking, resulting from the loss of respiratory chain complex I and the evolutionary preference for fermentation over respiration, even in the presence of oxygen. Overall, the results of this work provide valuable insight into the anthropisation process in L. thermotolerans and demonstrate how fermentation environments give rise to similar adaptations in different yeast species.
In Vitro Biomechanics of Attachment Use and Their Placement for Extrusive Tooth Movement by Aligner Mechanotherapy
Authors: Kaur Harsimrat , Subramanian Arya , Mah James , Heo Giseon , Major Paul W. , Romanyk Dan L. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe objective of the presented study was to evaluate the biomechanics of aligners utilising attachments and the effect of their placement for extrusion. An in vitro Orthodontic SIMulator (OSIM) was used to measure forces and moments produced through aligners incorporating attachments. The maxillary teeth on OSIM were digitally scanned to generate an STL model that was modified by placing a rectangular shaped attachment. Four models were designed with variation in attachment placement: Model NA—no attachment; model BA—buccal attachment; model LA—lingual attachment; model BL—both buccal and lingual attachments. Aligners (n = 30/model) were fabricated using a 0.75 mm thick polyethylene terephthalate material using a Biostar machine following the manufacturer's recommendations. A one‐way MANOVA, followed by one‐way ANOVA was used to test the effect of models on occlusogingival force (Fz) and mesiodistal moment (Mx) at 0.20 mm of gingival displacement of the left lateral incisor. The BL model exerted maximum Fz (1.22 ± 0.20 N), followed by models BA (1.18 ± 0.25 N) and LA (1.07 ± 0.19 N). The model NA exerted a negligible Fz (0.14 ± 0.08 N) that was statistically different from all other models. The models BA and LA generated Mx that has the tendency to tip the crown of tooth lingually (10.00 ± 3.12 Nmm) and buccally (−1.29 ± 2.26 Nmm), respectively. The models show statistically significant differences between models BL, BA and LA. There was no statistically significant difference between models BL and NA. The experimental evidence suggest that attachments on the lateral incisor could improve the predictability of extrusion forces applied with aligners. The models BL and LA provided favourable biomechanics by generating clinically significant extrusion forces without significant tipping of the lateral incisor tooth.
Multicentric Experience With the Use of Short 13Fr Mechanical Rotating Dilator Sheath for Transvenous Lead Extraction
Authors: Preda Alberto , Melillo Francesco , Baroni Matteo , Marzi Alessandra , Schillaci Vincenzo , Vargiu Sara , Caccia Andrea , Guarracini Fabrizio , Gigli Lorenzo , Paglino Gabriele , Massaro Giulia , Diemberger Igor , Mascioli Giosuè , Solimene Francesco , Mazzone Patrizio 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe need for transvenous lead extraction (TLE) is increasing worldwide. Since the course of the subclavian vein until the junction with the superior vena cava is a frequent place of lead adherences, we aim to assess the safety and efficacy of a short 13Fr bidirectional rotational mechanical sheath as first choice.Methods and ResultsIn this multicentric study, 202 carriers of a cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) undergoing TLE using a short 13 Fr bidirectional rotational mechanical sheath were prospectively enrolled. All procedures were performed using a stepwise approach. The indication for TLE were infection (62%), malfunction (32%), and upgrade (6%). Overall, 471 leads were extracted: 65% pacing leads, 20% defibrillator leads, 9% coronary sinus leads, and 6% abandoned leads. Clinical success and complete lead extraction have been achieved in 97% and 95% of cases, respectively. The short sheath was always effective in gaining venous access at the start of the procedure and was sufficient for complete TLE in 67% of cases. Lead dwell time, defibrillator lead, number of leads per patient, and lead malfunction were predicting factors of long bidirectional rotational mechanical sheath use. There were no cases of intraprocedural death, and major complications were reported in 2% of patients. Overall survival was 97% at 1‐year follow‐up.ConclusionThis multicentric experience using a short 13Fr bidirectional rotational mechanical sheath reported high safety and efficacy, demonstrating the utility of routine use of short extraction sheaths of higher caliper as the first choice.
A Multiparameter Singular Perturbation Analysis of the Robertson Model
Authors: Baumgartner Lukas , Szmolyan Peter 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe Robertson model describing a chemical reaction involving three reactants is one of the classical examples of stiffness in ODEs. The stiffness is caused by the occurrence of three reaction rates and with largely differing orders of magnitude, acting as parameters. The model has been widely used as a numerical test problem. Surprisingly, no asymptotic analysis of this multiscale problem seems to exist. In this paper, we provide a full asymptotic analysis of the Robertson model under the assumption . We rewrite the equations as a two‐parameter singular perturbation problem in the rescaled small parameters , which we then analyze using geometric singular perturbation theory (GSPT). To deal with the multiparameter singular structure, we perform blowups in parameter‐ and variable space. We identify four distinct regimes in a neighborhood of the singular limit . Within these four regimes, we use GSPT and additional blowups to analyze the dynamics and the structure of solutions. Our asymptotic results are in excellent qualitative and quantitative agreement with the numerics.
Suicide Ideation Severity and Oculomotor Avoidance of Suicide‐Related Stimuli
Authors: Sherifi Emilia , Rowe Megan , Armstrong Thomas R. , Stewart Jeremy G. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionIdentifying variables linked to distinct suicide outcomes has long been among suicidology's research priorities. Cognitive theories of suicide identify attentional processes that may vary for individuals at a greater suicide risk. However, an overreliance on self‐report and objective measures that are poor estimates of attention has led to mixed findings.MethodThe current study utilizes eye tracking with a novel passive viewing task to explore differences in viewing patterns for suicide‐ and neutral‐image pairings, as a function of suicide outcomes. Young adults (N = 124, 83.9% women) were oversampled for recent suicidal thoughts and behaviors, and completed a series of self‐report questionnaires specific to suicide history, as well as relevant covariates prior to completing the eye‐tracking task.ResultsMultilevel modeling revealed that individuals with low‐to‐moderate ratings of past‐year ideation displayed a significant decline in the amount of time spent viewing suicide images as compared to neutral images over the course of the task (oculomotor avoidance). However, the same pattern was not seen among individuals with high suicide ideation, specifically those with resolved plans and preparation. Furthermore, no differences were found between people with and without a suicide attempt history.ConclusionThese results suggest a suicide‐specific disengagement bias among individuals high in suicide ideation and more specifically, resolved plans and preparation.
Investigating the Failure Mechanism of Wet eMachines in the Presence of Transmission Oils
Authors: Nyman Pär , Björklund Peter , Yaghini Negin , Lu Li , Hopper Elizabeth R. , Hunt Gregory 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper investigates the failure mechanisms in electric machines used in heavy trucks and buses exposed to transmission oil. Five machines from field operations were examined. Subsystem tests—copper corrosion testing, conductive deposit tests, material compatibility tests, and oil analysis—were conducted. Copper sulfide, known for its conductive properties, was found in failed machines and during subsystem tests with lubricants containing reactive sulfur components in contact with exposed copper. Two prerequisites for the chemical reaction—the presence of reagents and sufficient activation energy—were met at normal operating temperatures. Analysis revealed the sulfur presence in damaged machines and identified cracks in the polymer coating on copper wires, allowing corrosive substances to reach the copper surface. The proposed failure mechanism involves active sulfur reacting with copper to form copper sulfide. These layers can create contact bridges between phases in the eMachine, leading to short circuits, sharp temperature increases, electrical arcing, and total machine failure. Coating aging experiments showed that fluids can form conductive films on the polymer layer. Oil conductivity measurements showed minor changes within the static dissipative regime, and contamination by transmission and axle oil elements was found in failed eMachines but not in functional ones. Activation energy experiments demonstrated that copper sulfide forms at normal operating temperatures, with damage likely within 10–100 days depending on conditions. These findings highlight the risks associated with certain oils in eMachines and the need for further research to develop strategies to mitigate these risks and ensure long-term reliability.
Formulation of In Situ Synthesized TiO2–Jatropha Oil Bio-Nanolubricants—A Green Alternative for Petroleum-Based Lubricant
Authors: Panda Sikta , Ghosh Gaurab Kumar , Patel Ritesh Kumar , Ghosh Subrata Kumar , Bhoi Sandeep 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Effective lubrication is one of the most vital aspects for desirable productivity in mechanical systems. This can be achieved through reduced friction and wear between mating components by proper lubrication. But the hazardous impact of these chemical lubricants such as petroleum-based oils on our environment cannot be disregarded. So, the consistent quest for a better alternative to these emission-causing lubricants has opened a great avenue for the practice of applying biodiesel like Jatropha oil as a lubricant. The application of nanolubricants has been reported to exhibit better tribological performances than base oils. In the present work, nano-TiO2 particles were synthesized in situ followed by standard characterization techniques. Nano-oil samples were formulated by mixing nanoparticles (NPs) in Jatropha oil at different proportions (v/v). The stability of these dispersants was evaluated by standard methods. The nano-oil samples showed better stability, and there was no appreciable improvement in flashpoints; however, they showed significant enhancement in terms of fire points. The friction coefficient obtained from the four-ball test revealed that the addition of TiO2 NPss improved the antifriction behavior in comparison to pure Jatropha oil (a maximum of 37.91% reduction in frictional force). Results from the test showed that the limiting pressure of seizure was improved by 43.81% compared to base oil. Environmental viability and degradation studies have also been conducted to ascertain the applicability of this TiO2–Jatropha oil as a green fuel alternative. The corrosion inhibition capacity of the nanofluid was found to be greater than plain emulsion. The cost–benefit analysis at the end also suggests that in situ synthesis of TiO2 nanodispersant is economically viable. (The lubricating efficiency of sustainably resourced Jatropha biolubricant was improved multifold by supplementing it with TiO2 nanoparticles. After careful evaluation, it was observed that the nano-oil samples are biocompatible and hazardous emissions from this lubricant were low. The wear and friction inhibitory capabilities as well as the stability of this biolubricant were also enhanced. The effect of nanoparticles on the corrosion of machine parts was also studied, which is rarely focused by researchers.)
Dynamic Behavior Analysis of Journal Bearings Lubricated by Non-Newtonian Fluid During Start-Up
Authors: Zhu Shaoyu , Zhang Xiangjun , Sun Jun , Zhu Jie 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The dynamic behavior of journal bearing lubricated by non-Newtonian fluid (conforms to the Carreau model) during start-up is investigated. A mixed lubrication model consisting of a GT (Greenwood–Tripp) contact equation and a transient modified average Reynolds equation is proposed. The transient modified average Reynolds equation is established with the average flow method. The effect of non-Newtonian lubricant, surface roughness, external load, relative clearance, and accelerating time on the dynamic behavior of journal bearings during start-up is analyzed. The results show that increasing the relaxation time, external load, and relative clearance, as well as decreasing the power-law exponent, composite root-mean-square roughness, and accelerating time can reduce the contact time and facilitate the rapid formation of hydrodynamic lubrication during start-up.
Impacts of Resistance Training on Endogenous Antioxidants in Older Individuals: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Cordeiro Lilliany de Souza , Linhares Diego Gama , Castro Juliana Brandão Pinto de , Oliveira Barros dos Santos Andressa , Lima dos Santos Luciano , César Pereira Salustiano Mallen da Giullio , Gomes de Souza Vale Rodrigo 
Published: February 2025

Background: Cellular antioxidant activity and oxidative stress are assumed to be critical factors in the aging process. This study aims to investigate the effects of resistance training (RT) on endogenous antioxidants in healthy older individuals. Design: The records were identified through searches in 5 electronic databases (PubMed, Bireme, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science) in June 2024 for eligible randomized controlled trials that observed older individuals subjected to RT programs that reported endogenous antioxidant outcomes. The Tool for the assEssment of Study qualiTy and reporting in EXercise (ranging from 0 to 15) was used to verify the methodological quality of the studies. Results: Fourteen randomized controlled trials involving 676 healthy older individuals were included in the systematic review. Of these, 10 articles were included in the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis indicated that RT interventions did not have significant effects on improving catalase levels (standardized mean difference = 0.84; 95% CI, −0.61 to 2.29) or antioxidant activity (standardized mean difference = 0.28; 95% CI, −0.41 to 0.98). However, RT was associated with a significant reduction in superoxide dismutase (mean difference = −0.16; 95% CI, −0.29 to −0.04) and glutathione peroxidase increased (standardized mean difference = 0.57; 95% CI, 0.13 to 1.01). Conclusions: Based on available evidence, the meta-analysis suggests potential improvement in glutathione peroxidase gene expression and reduction in gene expression of superoxide dismutase after the intervention physical activity intervention in healthy older individuals.
A Document Analysis of Disability-Focused Articles Published in Practitioner-Oriented Physical Education Journals From 2013 to 2022
Authors: Case Layne , Kirk T.N. , Stribing Alexandra , Blagrave A. Josephine 
Published: February 2025

Purpose: The purpose of this document analysis was to examine the content, disability presentation, and target audiences of disability-focused articles published in two practitioner-oriented journals within the last 10 years. Method: Full texts of 80 disability-focused articles published in the Journal of Physical Education, Recreation and Dance and Strategies: A Journal for Physical and Sport Educators between 2013 and 2022 were systematically coded and analyzed according to article content, disability presentation, and audience. Results: Results indicate a high frequency of articles with content related to teaching (68.8%) and low frequencies of articles related to evidence-based practices (6.3%), attitudes toward disabled people (3.8%), and Comprehensive School Physical Activity Program (2.5%). Frequencies in disability categories, and language reflect current research trends and guidelines, but gaps are evident. Discussion: This study provides a preliminary snapshot of disability resources available to practitioners and highlights an important need for updates and collaboration with disabled individuals.