bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pediatrician perspectives on barriers and facilitators to discharge instruction comprehension and adherence for parents of children with medical complexity
Authors: Glick Alexander F. , Yin H. Shonna , Silva Benjamin , Modi Avani C. , Huynh Vincent , Goodwin Emily J. , Farkas Jonathan S. , Turock Julia S. , Famiglietti Hannah S. , Dickson Victoria V. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundHigh rates of posthospitalization errors are observed in children with medical complexity (CMC). Poor parent comprehension of and adherence to complex discharge instructions can contribute to errors. Pediatrician views on common barriers and facilitators to parent comprehension and adherence are understudied.ObjectiveTo examine pediatrician perspectives on barriers and facilitators experienced by parents in comprehension of and adherence to inpatient discharge instructions for CMC.Design, Settings, and ParticipantsWe conducted a qualitative, descriptive study of attending pediatricians (n = 20) caring for CMC in inpatient settings (United States and Canada) and belonging to listservs for pediatric hospitalists/complex care providers. We used purposive/maximum variation sampling to ensure heterogeneity (e.g., hospital, region).Main Outcome and MeasuresA multidisciplinary team designed and piloted a semistructured interview guide with pediatricians who care for CMC. Team members conducted semistructured interviews via phone or video call. Interviews were audiorecorded and transcribed. We analyzed transcripts using content analysis; codes were derived a priori from a conceptual framework (based on the Pediatric Self‐Management Model) and a preliminary transcript analysis. We applied codes and identified emerging themes.ResultsPediatricians identified three themes as barriers and facilitators to discharge instruction comprehension and adherence: (1) regimen complexity, (2) access to the healthcare team (e.g., inpatient team, outpatient pediatrician, home nursing) and resources (e.g., medications, medical equipment), and (3) need for a family centered and health literacy‐informed approach to discharge planning and education. Next steps include the assessment of parent perspectives on barriers and facilitators to discharge instruction comprehension and adherence for prents of CMC and the development of intervention strategies.
Internal wave resonance, surges, and strong nonlinear damping differentiated in two elongated lakes with the aid of an original Green's function
Authors: Long James P. , Halfman John D. , Hawley Nathan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWhile the analogy between the wind‐pumped internal seiche in a lake and the driven damped‐harmonic oscillator is recognized, use of a damped‐oscillator model to understand internal‐wave behavior is seldom attempted due to the irregular waveforms arising from variable winds, and to the presence of nonlinear waves like surges. Using a new variable‐frequency Green's function derived for a damped oscillator within the context of the two‐layer model of a stratified basin, we examine internal wave behaviors in Seneca and Owasco Lakes, two elongated lakes in New York state with very different lengths and depths. Our approach reproduces the measured undulations of the lowest horizonal‐mode internal‐seiche with surprising fidelity. It also yields the seiche's seasonal variation of frequency, primarily due to changes in the stratification intensity and thermocline depth. Notably, our model also estimates the seiche amplitude decay‐time, a key quantity difficult to obtain for a constantly agitated seiche. The decay time matches the computed surge‐formation time, which limits seiche lifetimes to as little as one seiche period. Surges also strongly affect the undulating internal‐wave waveforms in a manner consistent with tank experiments. Finally, we find that the internal seiche in Owasco Lake exhibits a uniquely well‐defined resonance with the diel wind pattern, and, for Seneca Lake, that surges propagate bidirectionally, augmenting an oft‐cited report of surges traveling only in one direction.
Functional assessment of a novel biallelic MYH3 variation causing CPSKF1B (contractures, pterygia, and spondylocarpotarsal fusion syndrome1B)
Authors: He Qing‐bing , Wu Cai‐hong , Sun Dong‐lan , Yuan Jia‐yu , Hu Hua‐ying , Yang Kai , Chen Wen‐qi , Yan You‐sheng , Yin Guang‐yue , Zhang Jing , Li Ya‐zhou 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe MYH3‐associated myosinopathies comprise a spectrum of rare neuromuscular disorders mainly characterized by distal arthrogryposis with or without other features like pterygia and vertebrae fusion. CPSKF1B (contractures, pterygia, and spondylocarpotarsal fusion syndrome1B) is the only known autosomal recessiveMYH3‐associated myosinopathy so far, with no more than two dozen cases being reported.Materials and MethodsA boy with CPSKF1B was recruited and subjected to a comprehensive clinical and imaging evaluation. Genetic detection with whole‐exome sequencing (WES) was performed on the patient and extended family members to identify the causative variation. A series of in silico and in vitro investigations were carried out to verify the pathogenicity of the two variants of the identified compound heterozygous variation.ResultsThe patient exhibited moderate CPSKF1B symptoms including multiarticular contractures, webbed neck, and spondylocarpotarsal fusion. WES detected a compound heterozygous MYH3 variation consisting of two variants, namely NM_002470.4: c.3377A>G; p. (E1126G) and NM_002470.4: c.5161‐2A>C. It was indicated that the NM_002470.4: c.3377A>G; p. (E1126G) variant mainly impaired the local hydrogen bond formation and impacted the TGF‐B pathway, while the NM_002470.4: c.5161‐2A>C variant could affect the normal splicing of pre‐mRNA, resulting in the appearance of multiple abnormal transcripts.ConclusionsThe findings of this study expanded the mutation spectrum of CPSKF1B, provided an important basis for the counseling of the affected family, and also laid a foundation for the functional study of MYH3 mutations.
Two novel pathogenic variants in the TCOF1 found in two Chinese cases of Treacher Collins syndrome
Authors: Zhuang Dan‐Yan , Sun Shu‐Ni , Hu Zhuo‐Jie , Xie Min , Zhang Yu‐Xin , Yan Lu‐Lu , Pan Jie‐Wen , Li Hai‐bo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundTreacher Collins Ι syndrome (TCS1, OMIM:154500) is an autosomal dominant disease with a series of clinical manifestations such as craniofacial dysplasia including eye and ear abnormalities, small jaw deformity, cleft lip, as well as repeated respiratory tract infection and conductive hearing loss. Two cases of Treacher Collins syndrome with TCOF1(OMIM:606847) gene variations were reported in the article, with clinical characteristics, gene variants and the etiology.MethodsThe clinical data of two patients with Treacher Collins syndrome caused by TCOF1 gene variation were retrospectively analyzed. The whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed to detect the pathogenic variants of TCOF1 gene in the patients, and the verification of variants were confirmed by Sanger sequencing.ResultsProband 1 presented with bilateral craniofacial deformities, conductive hearing loss and recurrent respiratory tract infection. Proband 2 showed bilateral craniofacial malformations with cleft palate, which harbored similar manifestations in her family. She died soon after birth due to dyspnea and feeding difficulties. WES identified two novel pathogenic variants of TCOF1 gene in two probands, each with one variant. According to the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics, the heterozygous variation NM_001371623.1: c.877del (p. Ala293Profs*34) of TCOF1 gene was detected in Proband 1, which was evaluated as a likely pathogenic (LP) and de novo variant. Another variant found in Proband 2 was NM_001135243.1: c.1660_1661del (p. D554Qfs*3) heterozygous variation, which was evaluated as a pathogenic variation and the variant inherited from the mother. To date, the two variants have not been reported before.ConclusionOur study found two novel pathogenic variants of TCOF1 gene and clarified the etiology of Treacher Collins syndrome. We also enriched the phenotypic spectrum of Treacher Collins syndrome and TCOF1 gene variation spectrum in the Chinese population, and provided the basis for clinical diagnosis, treatment and genetic counseling.
Prevalence of low calf circumference in hospitalized patients classified by raw or body mass index–adjusted values
Authors: de Sousa Iasmin M. , Fayh Ana Paula Trussardi , Gonzalez Maria Cristina , Silva Flávia M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundAdiposity can influence the estimation of muscle mass using calf circumference (CC) and underestimate the frequency of low CC. An adjustment for CC using body mass index (BMI) was proposed to reduce this effect. We aimed to compare the low CC frequency in hospitalized patients when considering raw and BMI‐adjusted values and explore data by sex, age, and race (white and non‐white).MethodsSecondary analysis from two cohort studies conducted with adult hospitalized patients using BMI and CC data collected in the first 72 h after hospital admission. We classified low CC by two approaches: (1) raw CC; (2) BMI‐adjusted CC for patients with BMI ≥ 25. Cutoff values for low CC were ≤34 cm (men) and ≤33 cm (women).ResultsAmong 1272 patients (54.1 ± 15.3 years old; 51.7% women; 82.1% White race), low CC frequency was 30.6% and low BMI‐adjusted CC was 68.9%. For all elevated BMI categories, the low CC frequency was higher when considering BMI‐adjusted values (P < 0.001). Low CC was more frequent (P < 0.001) in older adults (38.7% by raw; 79.1% by BMI‐adjusted value) than in younger adults (27.6% by raw; 65.2% by BMI‐adjusted value) and it was not associated with race. Low CC by raw values was more frequent in men than in women (35.0% versus 26.4%; P = 0.001), but did not differ between sexes when classified by BMI‐adjusted values (70.7% versus 67.1%; P = 0.184).ConclusionLow CC BMI adjusted was 2.2 times more frequent in comparison with raw CC values, and it was identified in >60% of patients with BMI ≥ 25.
Agreement and diagnostic differences among three definitions of sarcopenia in patients with chronic hepatitis C
Authors: de Vries Thais Pontello , Pires Aline Marcos , Diniz Kiara Gonçalves Dias , Chagas Anna Luiza Soares , Vieira Diego Alves , Kakehasi Adriana Maria , Suen Vivian Marques Miguel , Bering Tatiana , Colosimo Enrico Antonio , Rocha Gifone Aguiar , de Paula Farah Kátia , Silva Luciana Diniz 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundThere is neither a gold standard definition nor a universal consensus to diagnose sarcopenia in patients with chronic hepatitis C. Thus, we aimed to compare the prevalence of sarcopenia and the agreement and discrepancies between European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP1), EWGSOP2, and Foundation for the National Institutes of Health Biomarkers Consortium Sarcopenia Project (FNIH) definitions in chronic hepatitis C.MethodsDual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry was used to assess muscle mass by quantifying appendicular lean mass (ALM) adjusted for squared height (ALM/ht2) or for body mass index (ALMBMI). Muscle function was evaluated by handgrip strength. Subjective Global Assessment was used to assess the nutrition status.ResultsThis cross‐sectional study included 103 outpatients (mean age, 50.6 ± 11.3 years; 33.0% with compensated cirrhosis). Sarcopenia prevalence was 8.7%, 9.7%, and 9.7%, according to EWGSOP1, EWGSOP2, and FNIH definitions, respectively. There was neither a sex‐ nor a liver disease severity–specific difference in the prevalence of sarcopenia between the criteria applied. Sixteen (15.5%) patients fulfilled at least one of these criteria, and 3 out of 16 (18.8%) simultaneously had sarcopenia by consensus of the three criteria. Sarcopenic obesity was identified in 9 out of 16 (56.3%) patients, and 6 out of 9 (66.7%) of these only met FNIH consensus.ConclusionsIn patients without cirrhosis or with compensated cirrhosis, and with chronic hepatitis C, the agreement between EWGSOP1 and EWGSOP2 classifications was substantial for sarcopenia diagnosis. Concerning EWGSOP and FNIH criteria, a fair agreement and limited overlap were found in these patients.
Nonlinear statics of three‐dimensional curved geometrically exact beams by a hierarchal quadrature element method
Authors: Liu Bo , Xie Pan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractNonlinear static analyses of three‐dimensional (3D) curved geometrically exact beams are carried out using a hierarchal quadrature element method (HQEM) in this work. The initial value of the rotational quaternions is computed from an initial‐value problem with arc‐length as the “time” variable, so that the quaternions can be differentiated in subsequent computation. The 3D curved geometrically exact beams are first expressed by NURBS and then transformed to be expressed by the hierarchical quadrature bases. The geometrically exact beams are then analyzed by the same hierarchical quadrature bases, which conforms to the isogeometric concept. This procedure of analysis is new. The weak‐form quadrature element method (QEM) is a special case of the hierarchical quadrature element method (HQEM). It is found that the best accuracy may be obtained when the number of integration nodes is one degree less than the nodal points, instead of taking them the same as in the weak‐form QEM. Numerical tests through several examples show that the HQEM can present results with high accuracy using only a few degrees of freedom and is not sensitive to shear locking.
Supporting the support person: Oncologists' roles in reducing support people's uncertainty and facilitating psychological adjustment
Authors: Broadbridge Elizabeth , Venetis Maria K. , Devine Katie A. , Lee Lauren E. , Banerjee Smita C. , Greene Kathryn 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveSupport people of cancer patients are at significant risk for psychological distress. Additionally, cancer patients' well‐being is reciprocally associated with support peoples' psychological well‐being. Informed by Uncertainty in Illness Theory, this study tests whether support person psychological well‐being is influenced by provider communication and uncertainty reduction.MethodsWe tested a multiple mediation model to investigate how empathic communication facilitates psychological adjustment in support people of cancer patients and how this process is mediated by support peoples' illness uncertainty and caregiver burden. Support people of cancer patients (N = 121; including spouses, adult children, etc.) completed an online questionnaire about their perceptions of oncologists' empathy, uncertainty about the cancer patients' illness, perceived caregiving burden, and their psychological adjustment to diagnoses.ResultsPath analysis revealed that (1) more perceived oncologist empathy was associated with less illness uncertainty, (2) more illness uncertainty was associated with worse psychological adjustment and more perceived caregiver burden, and (3) more burden was associated with worse adjustment (χ2(2) = 1.19, p = 0.55; RMSEA < 0.01; CFI = 1.00; SRMR = 0.02).ConclusionsGiven the reciprocal nature of well‐being between cancer patients and their support people, it is critical to understand and bolster support people's psychological well‐being. Results demonstrated how empathic provider communication can support psychological well‐being for support people of cancer patients. Additionally, this study offers theoretical contributions to understandings of illness uncertainty in caregiver populations.
Therapeutic potential of saffron in brain disorders: From bench to bedside
Authors: Bej Erjola , Volpe Anna Rita , Cesare Patrizia , Cimini Annamaria , d'Angelo Michele , Castelli Vanessa 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSaffron is a spice derived from the flower of Crocus sativus L., which has been used for centuries as a coloring and flavoring agent, as well as a source of medicinal compounds. Saffron contains various bioactive constituents, such as crocin, crocetin, safranal, picrocrocin, and kaempferol, that have shown potential benefits for human health. Among them, crocin is the most abundant and characteristic constituent of saffron, responsible for its bright red color and antioxidant properties. One of the most promising applications of saffron and its constituents is in the prevention and treatment of neurological disorders, such as depression, anxiety, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and other brain disorders. Saffron and its constituents have been reported to exert neuroprotective effects through various mechanisms, such as modulating neurotransmitters, enhancing neurogenesis, reducing neuroinflammation, regulating oxidative stress, activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway, and modulating epigenetic factors. Several clinical and preclinical studies have demonstrated the efficacy and safety of saffron and its constituents in improving cognitive function, mood, and other neurological outcomes. In this review, we summarize the current evidence on the therapeutic potential of saffron and its constituents in neurological disorders, from bench to bedside. We also discuss the challenges and future directions for the development of saffron‐based therapies for brain health.
Robust Kalman filters under epistemic uncertainty for non‐Gaussian systems with multiplicative noise
Authors: Yu Xingkai , Wu Jiaojuan , Xin Dongjin , Li Jianxun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis article proposes two robust Kalman filters to solve the issue of inaccurate modeling in multiplicative noise systems due to epistemic limitations. First, we construct all conceivable state/measurement transition probability densities as an ambiguity set. This ambiguity set chooses the Wasserstein distance or the moment‐based metric as the distance metric. Besides, this set is an inequality set with a chosen tolerance, which can be seen as a non‐negative radius ball. Then, by combining the robust solution of the least favorable model in that ball with the alternating direction method of multipliers or an efficient direct solution method, we propose two robust Kalman filters based on the minimum mean square error criterion. A classical example is provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed robust filters in comparison to existing state‐of‐the‐art filters.
Prognostic and immunological implications of paraptosis‐related genes in lung adenocarcinoma: Comprehensive analysis and functional verification of hub gene
Authors: Zhuo Ying , Song Yan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundLung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) poses significant clinical challenges due to its inherent heterogeneity and variable response to treatment. Recent research has specifically focused on elucidating the role of Paraptosis‐related genes (PRGs) in the progression of cancer and the prognosis of patients.MethodsWe conducted a comprehensive analysis of the differential expression of PRGs in LUAD. Additionally, univariate Cox regression analysis was utilized to determine the prognostic significance of these genes. Furthermore, consensus clustering was employed to differentiate molecular subtypes within LUAD, while immune heterogeneity was assessed. To evaluate treatment outcomes, the expression of immune checkpoint inhibitors was examined, and the sensitivity of LUAD patients to chemotherapy drugs was assessed. Moreover, machine learning algorithms were employed to construct a Paraptosis‐related risk score with prognostic and immunological indicators. Finally, to validate the findings, in vitro experiments were performed to verify the regulatory effect of key PRGs on Paraptosis.ResultsOur analysis identified 24 PRGs that exhibited differential expression, with CDKN3, TP53, and PHB emerging as the most prominently upregulated genes in tumor tissues. Among these genes, seven were identified as prognostic markers, with HSPB8 being the sole protective factor. Notably, our analysis also revealed the existence of two distinct molecular subtypes within LUAD, each characterized by unique prognoses and immune responses. Specifically, Subtype B displayed a poorer prognosis but demonstrated increased sensitivity to both chemotherapy and immunotherapy. In addition, our development of a Paraptosis‐Associated Risk Score yielded a significant prognostic value in predicting patient outcomes. Furthermore, we found regulatory effect of CDKN3 on Paraptosis in two cell lines.ConclusionsOur study highlights the importance of PRGs in LUAD, particularly in prognosis and treatment response. The identified molecular subtypes and Paraptosis‐Associated Risk Score offer valuable insights for personalized treatment strategies.
Development of a molecularly imprinted polymer on silanized graphene oxide for the detection of 17‐estradiol in wastewater
Authors: Mughal Zaib un Nisa , Aylaz Gulgun , Shaikh Huma , Memon Shahabuddin , Andac Muge 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis research article demonstrates the synthesis, characterization, and electrochemical evaluation of a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) on the surface of silanized graphene oxide (silanized GO), which is nanostructured and used to quantify 17‐estradiol (E2) in wastewater. As characterization methods, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, dynamic scattering light (DSL), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were utilized to examine the synthesized GO, silanized GO, MIP‐GO composite, and non‐imprinted polymer (NIP)–GO (NIP‐GO) composite. FTIR results confirmed the successful synthesis of GO composites. Raman study confirmed the synthesis of monolayer silanized GO, MIP‐GO composite, and NIP‐GO composite. Surface morphology revealed that after polymerization, the surface of silanized GO sheet‐like morphology is covered with nanoparticles. Adsorption kinetics studies revealed that adsorption follows the pseudo‐second‐order kinetics. Further, we studied the performance of a MIP‐GO‐based sensor by optimizing the effects of pH, scan rate, and incubation period. The linear calibration was achieved between the oxidation peak current and E2 concentration from 0.1 to 0.81 ppm, with a detection limit of 0.037 ppm. The selectivity of the MIP‐GO composite was also checked by using other estrogens, and it was found that E2 is 3.3, 0.5, and 1.4 times more selective than equilin, estriol, and estrone, respectively. The composite was successfully applied to the wastewater samples for the detection of E2, and a good percentage of recoveries were achieved. It suggests that the reported composite can be applied to real samples.Practitioner Points

An innovative electrochemical sensor was developed for selective detection of 17‐estradiol through molecularly imprinted polymer fabricated on the surface of silanized GO (MIP‐GO composite).
The developed method was comprehensively validated and found to be linear in the range of 0.1 to 0.8 ppm of 17‐estradiol, with 0.037 ppm of limit of detection and 0.1 ppm of limit of quantification, respectively.
The developed MIP‐GO‐composite‐based electrochemical sensor was found 3.3, 0.5, and 1.4 times more selective for 17‐estradiol than equiline, estriol, and estrone, respectively.
The applicability of a developed sensor was also checked on wastewater samples, and a good percent recovery was obtained.