bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fast detection of sulphate minerals (gypsum, anglesite, baryte) by a portable Raman spectrometer
Authors: Jehlička J. , Vítek P. , Edwards H.G.M. , Hargreaves M. D. , Čapoun T. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractWell‐resolved Raman spectra of gypsum, anglesite and baryte were detected using a portable Raman instrument (Ahura First Defender XL) in the laboratory and outdoor under atmospheric conditions. Spectra were obtained using a 785‐nm excitation. The portable spectrometers display generally lower spectral resolution compared with the laboratory confocal instrument but permit the fast, unambiguous detection of minerals under field conditions. Portable Raman instruments can be advocated as excellent tools for field geological, environmental as well as exobiological applications. A miniaturized Raman instrument will be included in the Pasteur analytical package of the ESA ExoMars mission and interesting research applications can now be proposed for in situ field planetary studies. Additionally, portable Raman instruments represent an ideal tool for demonstrating possible applications of Raman spectroscopic techniques outdoor. In geosciences this approach represents a new field which could completely change classical field work. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The p.Asp216His TOR1A allele effect is not found in the French population
Authors: Frédéric Mélissa Yana , Clot Fabienne , Blanchard Arnaud , Dhaenens Claire‐Marie , Lesca Gaëtan , Cif Laura , Dürr Alexandra , Vidailhet Marie , Sablonniere Bernard , Calender Alain , Martinez Maria , Molinari Nicolas , Brice Alexis , Claustres Mireille , Tuffery‐Giraud Sylvie , Collod‐Beroud Gwenaëlle 
Published: March 2009

AbstractDYT1 dystonia are one of the exceptions in human genetics with its unique and recurrent mutation (c.907delGAG). In this rare movement disorder, the mutation is associated with incomplete penetrance as well as great clinical variability, making this disease a benchmark to search for genetic modifiers. Recently, Risch et al. have demonstrated the implication of the rs1801968 SNP in disease penetrance. We attempted to replicate this result in an exhaustive DYT1 French population with no success. Our results argue that the rs1801968 H allele effect is not part of the modifiers in the French population of DYT1 patients and that others have to be identified in our population. © 2008 Movement Disorder Society
Coping strategies and IQ in psychogenic movement disorders and paralysis
Authors: van Beilen M. , Griffioen Brecht T. , Leenders Klaus L. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractInadequate coping strategies may cause some patients to develop psychogenic symptoms in periods of stress. This may be more prominent in patients with lower intelligence levels. Twenty‐six patients with psychogenic neurological disorders (PND) were tested for coping abilities and intelligence and compared with 18 healthy controls and 26 patients with various nonpsychogenic disorders. Patients with PND have slightly lower IQ levels and active coping skills compared with healthy controls but not to nonpsychogenic patients. Low IQ was not associated with low active coping skills in either of the groups. Low active coping is not the result of low IQ and is not specific for psychogenic symptoms. At least part of the lower coping skills reported in patients with psychogenic symptoms may be the result of having an illness in general. © 2009 Movement Disorder Society
Concentric and single fiber needle electrodes yield comparable jitter results in myasthenia gravis
Authors: Farrugia Maria E. , Weir Andrew I. , Cleary Marie , Cooper Sarah , Metcalfe Richard , Mallik Arup 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe single fiber needle electrode (SFNE), which is designed to isolate single muscle fiber action potentials, has played an important role in the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis (MG). However, the concentric needle electrode (CNE) has been recently adopted by some workers to study neuromuscular instability in MG, and reference data have also been obtained in healthy subjects. In this study we wanted to establish whether data acquired using the SFNE is comparable to that obtained using the CNE when studying patients with MG. We established reference data for our laboratory using the CNE for orbicularis oculi (OO) and extensor digitorum communis (EDC). We compared data from 24 MG patients using both SFNE and CNE and found no significant differences in mean jitter values for either muscles. We correlated the neurophysiological data obtained by either electrode with various clinical assessments, the ice pack test, OO and EDC strength measurement, and MGFA classification of disease, and we found no significant relation. We compared discomfort scores for the two needle electrodes for each muscle and found that the discomfort scores for CNE are significantly lower (P = 0.0004). We conclude that the CNE is a useful alternative electrode for studying single fiber potentials, but more reference data from normal control subjects is desirable. Muscle Nerve, 2008
Correlating extent of neuromuscular instability with acetylcholine receptor antibodies
Authors: Farrugia Maria E. , Jacob Saiju , Sarrigiannis Ptolemaios G. , Kennett Robin P. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractIn a retrospective study of 86 patients with myasthenia gravis (MG), we correlated the acetylcholine receptor (AChR) antibody titers with single‐fiber EMG studies to explore whether a relationship exists between these parameters. We found that the AChR antibody titers correlated significantly with the mean of the mean consecutive difference of orbicularis oculi (OO, P < 0.0001) and extensor digitorum communis (EDC, P < 0.0001). The correlation was found to be stronger in OO. The antibody titers also correlated with the percentage of potential pairs with increased jitter in both muscles and, again, the correlation was more significant in OO (P < 0.0001) than in EDC (P = 0.001). We speculate that this relationship is stronger in OO than in the limb muscles, because the architectural and immunological differences in the motor unit render OO more vulnerable and sensitive to disturbances in neuromuscular transmission. Muscle Nerve, 2009
Epidemiologic variability of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy with different diagnostic criteria: Study of a UK population
Authors: Rajabally Yusuf A. , Simpson Benjamin S. , Beri Sushil , Bankart John , Gosalakkal Jayaprakash A. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractEpidemiologic data on chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) is limited, and previous studies have shown variable results. The frequencies of CIDP subtypes remain unknown. Variations due to use of different diagnostic criteria have not been studied. We examined the prevalence and incidence of CIDP in Leicestershire and Rutland, UK (population 963,600). Prevalence day was 1 May 2008. The prevalence of CIDP fulfilling the 2006 clinical and electrophysiologic European Federation of Neurological Societies/Peripheral Nerve Society (EFNS/PNS) criteria was 4.77 per 100,000 (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.49–6.37). Using the 1991 American Academy of Neurology (AAN) criteria, the prevalence was 1.97 per 100,000 in this population (95% CI 1.19–3.08). Lewis–Sumner syndrome was diagnosed in 15.2% of patients, and 23.9% had pure sensory onset. Over 40% required no immunotherapy, and 84.6% of those treated responded. More than 80% of the AAN criteria–negative but EFNS/PNS criteria–positive patients were responsive to treatment. Both sets of criteria were equally likely to identify patients who required therapy. The mean annual incidence rate over the 3 years preceding the prevalence day was 0.70 per 100,000/year using EFNS/PNS criteria (95% CI 0.43–1.08), and 0.35 per 100,000/year using AAN criteria (95% CI 0.17–0.64). We conclude that the AAN criteria may underestimate prevalence and incidence of the disease. The EFNS/PNS criteria provide higher diagnostic sensitivity and are of greater clinical relevance, and they also offer a useful breakdown of the epidemiologic data for CIDP subtypes. Muscle Nerve, 2008
Reliability of quantitative sudomotor axon reflex testing and quantitative sensory testing in neuropathy of impaired glucose regulation
Authors: Peltier Amanda , Smith A. Gordon , Russell James W. , Sheikh Kiran , Bixby Billie , Howard James , Goldstein Jonathan , Song Yanna , Wang Lily , Feldman Eva L. , Singleton J. Robinson 
Published: March 2009

AbstractReproducible neurophysiologic testing paradigms are critical for multicenter studies of neuropathy associated with impaired glucose regulation (IGR), yet the best methodologies and endpoints remain to be established. This study evaluates the reproducibility of neurophysiologic tests within a multicenter research setting. Twenty‐three participants with neuropathy and IGR were recruited from two study sites. The reproducibility of quantitative sudomotor axon reflex test (QSART) and quantitative sensory test (QST) (using the CASE IV system) was determined in a subset of patients at two sessions, and it was calculated from intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). QST (cold detection threshold: ICC = 0.80; vibration detection threshold: ICC = 0.75) was more reproducible than QSART (ICC foot = 0.52). The performance of multiple tests in one setting did not improve reproducibility of QST. QST reproducibility in our IGR patients was similar to reports of other studies. QSART reproducibility was significantly lower than QST. In this group of patients, the reproducibility of QSART was unacceptable for use as a secondary endpoint measure in clinical research trials. Muscle Nerve, 2008
Preclinical drug trials in the mdx mouse: Assessment of reliable and sensitive outcome measures
Authors: Spurney Christopher F. , Gordish‐Dressman Heather , Guerron Alfredo D. , Sali Arpana , Pandey Gouri S. , Rawat Rashmi , Van Der Meulen Jack H. , Cha Hee‐Jae , Pistilli Emidio E. , Partridge Terence A. , Hoffman Eric P. , Nagaraju Kanneboyina 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe availability of animal models for Duchenne muscular dystrophy has led to extensive preclinical research on potential therapeutics. Few studies have focused on reliability and sensitivity of endpoints for mdx mouse drug trials. Therefore, we sought to compare a wide variety of reported and novel endpoint measures in exercised mdx and normal control mice at 10, 20, and 40 weeks of age. Statistical analysis as well as power calculations for expected effect sizes in mdx preclinical drug trials across different ages showed that body weight, normalized grip strength, horizontal activity, rest time, cardiac function measurements, blood pressure, total central/peripheral nuclei per fiber, and serum creatine kinase are the most effective measurements for detecting drug‐induced changes. These data provide an experimental basis upon which standardization of preclinical drug testing can be developed. Muscle Nerve, 2008
Temporal characteristics of lower extremity moment generation in children with cerebral palsy
Authors: Downing Andrea L. , Ganley Kathleen J. , Fay Deanne R. , Abbas James J. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractLower extremity weakness has been documented in children with cerebral palsy (CP). However, the temporal characteristics of moment generation have not been characterized, and they may be important to function. This study tested ankle, knee, and hip flexion and extension moment generation capabilities in children with CP and in able‐bodied children. Maximum voluntary isometric contractions (MVIC), the maximum rates of moment development and relaxation, and the time to produce and reduce the moments were quantified. Relationships between the temporal measures, Gross Motor Function Measure‐66 (GMFM‐66), and MVICs were also examined. Children with CP had significantly reduced MVICs, maximum development, and relaxation rates, and increased times to produce and reduce moments. The maximum rates of moment development and relaxation at some joints were correlated with the GMFM‐66 and MVICs. These results suggest that both the magnitude and temporal characteristics of moment generation need to be targeted during therapeutic interventions for children with CP. Muscle Nerve, 2008
Electrophysiology in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy with IGIV
Authors: Bril Vera , Katzberg Hans , Donofrio Peter , Banach Marta , Dalakas Marinos C. , Deng Chunqin , Hanna Kim , Hartung Hans‐Peter , Hughes Richard A.C. , Latov Norman , Merkies Ingemar S.J. , Van Doorn Pieter A. ,   ICE Study Group
Published: March 2009

AbstractPatients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) received immune globulin intravenous, 10% caprylate/chromatography purified (IGIV‐C, Gamunex; n = 59) or placebo (n = 58) every 3 weeks for up to 24 weeks (first period) in a randomized, double‐blind, parallel‐group, response‐conditional, crossover study. Motor and sensory nerves were assessed at baseline and endpoint/week 24. A nonsignificant trend toward improvement in the proximal amplitude of the most severely affected motor nerve was observed with IGIV‐C (0.69 ± 1.86 mV) versus placebo (0.47 ± 2.29 mV), and a greater improvement of 1.08 ± 2.15 mV with IGIV‐C versus 0.46 ± 2.03 mV with placebo (P = 0.089) was observed with exclusion of data from Erb's point stimulation. Greater improvements from baseline favoring IGIV‐C were observed for 127/142 electrophysiologic parameters. The averaged motor amplitudes from all motor nerves significantly improved with IGIV‐C versus placebo [treatment difference, 0.62 mV; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.05, 1.20; P = 0.035], and conduction block decreased significantly (treatment difference, −5.54%; 95% CI, −10.43, −0.64; P = 0.027), particularly in the lower limbs. Overall, the data suggest that IGIV‐C improves electrophysiologic parameters in CIDP. Muscle Nerve, 2009
Histomorphological and functional impacts of postoperative motor training in rats after allograft sciatic nerve transplantation under low‐dose FK 506
Authors: Rustemeyer Jan , Krajacic Aleksandra , Dicke Ursula 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThis study aimed to determine the effect of motor training on recovery after nerve transplantation under low‐dose FK 506. Rats (n= 30) of two strains were randomly assigned to three groups. Group I served as untreated controls; groups II and III received allograft transplants for reconstruction of the sciatic nerve and FK 506 (0.1 mg/kg/d). Nonoperated limbs served as intra‐animal controls. Group III received postoperative motor training. Functional and histomorphological outcomes were assessed by walking track analysis and by blob analysis for myelinization of nerve sections. Regeneration occurred in both groups II and III. The control sections of the nonoperated limbs in group III showed significantly higher myelinization compared with group I and II; regeneration of the operated side was superior in group II. With regard to postoperative motor training, no benefit could be seen; however, the impact of postoperative motor training on the nonoperated limb were identified. Muscle Nerve, 2009
Anatomic variation of the innervation of the flexor digitorum profundus muscle and its clinical implications
Authors: Oh Chang‐Seok , Won Hyung‐Sun , Lee Kyu‐Seok , Chung In‐Hyuk , Kim Seung Min 
Published: March 2009

AbstractIn anterior interosseous nerve syndrome and ulnar neuropathy, paralysis or weakness of the flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) muscles has been shown to vary according to the degree of involvement of the median and ulnar nerves, respectively. We traced these nerves in 50 cadaveric specimens in which each FDP was completely separated. The specimens were classified into six anatomic and another six presumptive electromyography (EMG) types according to the innervation patterns of the entire and the proximal one‐third of the FDP muscles, respectively. The diverse anatomic and presumptive EMG types in this study suggest that the FDP muscles of the 2nd to the 5th digits should be examined by functional tests and EMG in lesions of the median or ulnar nerve. Muscle Nerve, 2009
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors in MG: To be or not to be?
Authors: Punga Anna Rostedt , Stålberg Erik 
Published: March 2009

AbstractMyasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disorder usually caused by antibodies against either the acetylcholine receptor (AChR) or muscle‐specific tyrosine kinase (MuSK) at the neuromuscular junction. Neuromuscular transmission failure results in muscle fatigue and weakness that can be treated symptomatically with acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs). Long‐term treatment with nonselective AChEIs may have considerable drawbacks; thus, this medication is ideally tapered when strength improves. Patients with AChR antibodies respond beneficially to treatment, whereas patients with MuSK antibodies generally do not. Recently, the selective AChEI EN101, which specifically targets the isoform of “read‐through” AChE (AChE‐R), has been developed and may be of importance for symptomatic relief in AChR‐antibody seropositive MG. This article is a review of the mechanisms, therapeutic effects, and drawbacks, with both old and new AChEIs in MG. Muscle Nerve, 2009
Eine Strukturbiologie für Membranproteine
Authors: Smits Sander H. J. , Schmitt Lutz 
Published: March 2009

AbstractFür viele Wissenschaftler sind Membranproteine ein faszinierendes Forschungsobjekt, für viele aber auch der schlimmste Alptraum, dem sie je begegnet sind. Letztere kämpfen mit intrinsischen Problemen: Expression, Reinigung, Stabilität, biochemische und biophysikalische Charakterisierung; die anderen begeistert die Funktion von Membranproteinen — Informationsaustausch über biologische Membranen, ohne die wahrscheinlich das Leben, wie wir es heute kennen, nicht existieren würde.
Was wir von Geckos lernen können
Authors: Kroner Elmar , Arzt Eduard 
Published: March 2009

AbstractElmar Kroner, Eduard ArztGeckos können sich auf nahezu allen Oberflächen bewegen, egal ob glatt oder rau. Dabei entwickeln sie Haftkräfte, die ein Vielfaches ihres Körpergewichts tragen können. Ihr Haftsystem ist selbstreinigend, rückstandsfrei und nachwachsend. Grund genug, sich dieses einmal genauer anzusehen.
”Unsere Lehre ist nicht schlecht“
Authors: Remenyi Christian 
Published: March 2009

AbstractDas Sprachrohr der Chemie‐Hochschullehrer ist die Aduc — die Arbeitsgemeinschaft Deutscher Universitätsprofessoren der Chemie. Mit ihrem Vorsitzenden Jürgen Janek sprachen die Nachrichten aus der Chemie.
Gebrochene Symmetrie und molekulare Systeme
Authors: Berger Robert 
Published: March 2009

AbstractFür die theoretische Beschreibung von spontanen Symmetriebrechungen mit Methoden der Quantenfeldtheorie erhielt Yoichiro Nambu den Physiknobelpreis 2008. Er teilt sich den Preis mit Makato Kobayashi und Toshihide Maskawa, welche die Brechung einer fundamentalen Symmetrie im Standardmodell der Teilchenphysik verankerten. Diese Symmetrieverletzung hat wiederum Konsequenzen für molekulare Systeme.
Qualitätsmanagement in China
Authors: Simon Lydia 
Published: March 2009

AbstractDer Skandal des Melamin in der Milch hat in China das Vertrauen der Bevölkerung in die eigenen Unternehmen erschüttert. Das Vertrauen vieler westlicher Unternehmen war schon seit langem angeschlagen. Vertrauen ist gut, Kontrolle ist besser — dies gilt auch bei Geschäften in China.
Neues bei der GDCh‐Gehaltsumfrage
Authors: Schmitz Karin 
Published: March 2009

AbstractEiniges neu ist in diesem Jahr bei der Gehaltsumfrage: Sie wird durch die Universität Würzburg, die die Daten auswertet, wissenschaftlich begleitet. Jeder Teilnehmer erhält eine nicht veränderbare Teilnehmernummer. Die Fragebögen für GDCh‐Mitglieder in der Industrie liegen diesen Nachrichten bei.
Prevalence of painful bladder syndrome (PBS) symptoms in adult women in the general population in Japan
Authors: Inoue Yoji , Mita Koji , Kakehashi Masayuki , Kato Masao , Usui Tsuguru 
Published: March 2009

AbstractAimsThe aim of this study was to clarify the prevalence of painful bladder syndrome (PBS) symptoms in adult women in the general population in Japan.MethodsWeb‐based survey through an internet‐based market research company that enrolled 561,631 men and women in Japan was conducted from January 9 to January 11, 2007. After the women allocated to four age groups; 20s, 30s, 40s, and 50s or older, a total of 80,367 women, comprising an almost equal number from each age group, were then randomly invited to participate. The O'Leary and Sant symptom index was used as the questionnaire. The following classification was defined on the basis of the total points score: 0 to 3 points for negligible PBS symptoms, 4 to 6 points for mild symptoms, 7 to 11 points for moderate symptoms, and 12 to 20 points for severe symptoms. A category of possible cases of PBS was defined as severe PBS symptoms including nocturia (twice or more) and pain (2 points or more).ResultsA total of 32,074 women ranging in age from 20 to 88 years participated. 76.6% of respondents had negligible PBS symptoms, 17.3% had mild symptoms, 5.6% had moderate symptoms, and 0.5% had severe symptoms, respectively. The incidence rate of women with possible cases of PBS was 0.265% (85/32,074).ConclusionsComparison with previous reports revealed no difference in the prevalence of PBS symptom in adult women in the general population between Japan and Western countries. Neurourol. Urodynam. 28:214–218, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Status of international consensus on interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome/painful bladder syndrome: 2008 snapshot
Authors: Hanno Philip , Dmochowski Roger 
Published: March 2009

AbstractOver the last 6 years there have been ongoing efforts around the world to standardize nomenclature, definition, and evaluation of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome/painful bladder syndrome. The convergence this year of several new projects stimulated an effort to bring together thought leaders from around the world to give a snapshot of current thinking with regard to this disorder. The Society for Urodynamics and Female Urology brought together thought leaders from Europe, Asia, and the United States to Miami, and a broad, structured discussion ensued which is the subject of this report. The most appropriate name of the disease remains an area of contention. A final “definition” of BPS/IC did garner substantial agreement among participants: An unpleasant sensation (pain, pressure, discomfort) perceived to be related to the urinary bladder, associated with lower urinary tract symptoms of more than 6 weeks duration, in the absence of infection or other identifiable causes. It seems that the world is moving to a presumptive diagnosis based on history and physical examination, and relying on invasive procedures for more complex cases, although this is by no means a universal opinion, being more prevalent in the United States and Asia than in Europe. It is hoped that the conference proceedings can serve as a basis for future efforts to develop formal definitions, guidelines, and best practice policies to further advancement of the field. Neurourol. Urodynam. 28:274–286, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.