bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vitamin E intake and risk of esophageal and gastric cancers in the NIH‐AARP Diet and Health Study
Authors: Carman Sarah , Kamangar Farin , Freedman Neal D. , Wright Margaret E. , Dawsey Sanford M. , Dixon L. Beth , Subar Amy , Schatzkin Arthur , Abnet Christian C. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractWe investigated the association of dietary α‐tocopherol, γ‐tocopherol and supplemental vitamin E intake with the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (n = 158), esophageal adenocarcinoma (n = 382), gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (n = 320) and gastric noncardia adenocarcinoma (GNCA; n = 327) in the NIH‐AARP Diet and Health Study, a cohort of approximately 500,000 people. Data on dietary and supplemental vitamin E intake were collected using a validated questionnaire at baseline and were analyzed using Cox regression models. Intakes were analyzed as continuous variables and as quartiles. For dietary α‐tocopherol, we found some evidence of association with decreased esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and increased esophageal adenocarcinoma risk in the continuous analyses, with adjusted hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals of 0.90 (0.81–0.99) and 1.05 (1.00–1.11), respectively, per 1.17 mg (half the interquartile range) increased intake. However, in quartile analyses, the p value for trend was nonsignificant for both these cancers. There was no association between dietary α‐tocopherol and gastric cardia adenocarcinoma or GNCA. We observed no statistically significant associations with γ‐tocopherol. For supplemental vitamin E, the results were mainly null, except for a significantly lower risk of GNCA with higher doses of supplemental vitamin E. An increase of 71 mg/day (half the interquartile range) in supplemental vitamin E had an hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) of 0.92 (0.85–1.00) and the p value for trend in the quartile analysis was 0.015. © 2009 UICC
The impact of dietary and lifestyle risk factors on risk of colorectal cancer: A quantitative overview of the epidemiological evidence
Authors: Huxley Rachel R. , Ansary‐Moghaddam Alireza , Clifton Peter , Czernichow Sebastien , Parr Christine L. , Woodward Mark 
Published: February 2009

AbstractColorectal cancer is a major cause of cancer mortality and is considered to be largely attributable to inappropriate lifestyle and behavior patterns. The purpose of this review was to undertake a comparison of the strength of the associations between known and putative risk factors for colorectal cancer by conducting 10 independent meta‐analyses of prospective cohort studies. Studies published between 1966 and January 2008 were identified through EMBASE and MEDLINE, using a combined text word and MESH heading search strategy. Studies were eligible if they reported estimates of the relative risk for colorectal cancer with any of the following: alcohol, smoking, diabetes, physical activity, meat, fish, poultry, fruits and vegetables. Studies were excluded if the estimates were not adjusted at least for age. Overall, data from 103 cohort studies were included. The risk of colorectal cancer was significantly associated with alcohol: individuals consuming the most alcohol had 60% greater risk of colorectal cancer compared with non‐ or light drinkers (relative risk 1.56, 95% CI 1.42–1.70). Smoking, diabetes, obesity and high meat intakes were each associated with a significant 20% increased risk of colorectal cancer (compared with individuals in the lowest categories for each) with little evidence of between‐study heterogeneity or publication bias. Physical activity was protective against colorectal cancer. Public‐health strategies that promote modest alcohol consumption, smoking cessation, weight loss, increased physical activity and moderate consumption of red and processed meat are likely to have significant benefits at the population level for reducing the incidence of colorectal cancer. © 2009 UICC
Side population of pancreatic cancer cells predominates in TGF‐β‐mediated epithelial to mesenchymal transition and invasion
Authors: Kabashima Ayano , Higuchi Hajime , Takaishi Hiromasa , Matsuzaki Yumi , Suzuki Sadafumi , Izumiya Motoko , Iizuka Hideko , Sakai Gen , Hozawa Shigenari , Azuma Toshifumi , Hibi Toshifumi 
Published: February 2009

AbstractWe report here side population (SP) cells, a cancer stem cell enriched fraction from pancreatic cancer cell line, have enormous superior potential of the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), invasion, and metastasis. In an isolated SP cell culture, the cells rapidly expressed and up‐regulated E‐cadherin, an epithelial phenotypic marker, and the cells formed tightly contacted cell cluster, which is a representative epithelial phenotypic appearance. When the SP cells were incubated in the presence of TGF‐β, SP cells changed their shape into mesenchymal‐like appearance including spindle shaped assembly. This alteration was associated with significant reduction of E‐cadherin expression level. TGF‐β induced EMT‐associated gene alteration such as reduction of E‐cadherin mRNA and induction of Snail mRNA and matrixmetalloproteinase (MMP)‐2 mRNA. Finally, SP cells exerted notable matrigel invasion activity in response to TGF‐β treatment, whereas MP cells did not respond to TGF‐β‐mediated invasion. In conclusion, these results suggest that SP cells from pancreatic cancer cell line possess superior potentials of phenotypic switch, i.e., EMT/MET, micro‐invasion, and in vivo metastasis, as compared to MP cells. Because micro‐invasion and metastasis are key mechanisms of cancer malignant potential, SP cells would be the attractive target for preventing cancer progression. © 2008 UICC
A novel histone deacetylase inhibitor augments tamoxifen‐mediated attenuation of breast carcinoma growth
Authors: Restall Christina , Doherty Judy , Liu Hong Bin , Genovese Rosemary , Paiman Lisa , Byron Keith A. , Anderson Robin L. , Dear Anthony E. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractEarlier we generated novel derivatives of the hydroxamate‐based histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi), Oxamflatin (Ox), which demonstrate considerable HDACi activity. Here the effects of one such derivative, Metacept‐1 (MCT‐1), alone or in combination with tamoxifen on mammary tumour growth have been assessed in a syngeneic orthotopic model. MCT‐1 alone resulted in a trend towards inhibition of growth of 4T1.2 mammary tumours. Since the combination of MCT‐1 and tamoxifen up‐regulates estrogen receptor expression in 4T1.2 cells in vitro, we tested this combination and found a significant reduction in primary tumour growth over tamoxifen treatment alone. Taken together, these observations suggest that the novel HDACi MCT‐1 may warrant further exploration in the treatment of estrogen receptor positive breast carcinoma, particularly when used in combination with conventional agents such as tamoxifen. © 2009 UICC
Evaluation of sublethal effects of dichlorvos upon Caenorhabditis elegans based on a set of end points of toxicity
Authors: Jadhav Kisan B. , Rajini Padmanabhan Sharda 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe primary objective of this study was to examine a possible correlation among the three endpoints of toxicity, namely, stress gene expression (hsp16), feeding, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in transgenic C. elegans (hsp16‐lacZ) exposed to sublethal concentrations of dichlorvos, an organophosphorus insecticide. Worms exposed to dichlorvos (at 5, 40, and 80 μM) exhibited a concentration‐dependent inhibition in feeding with total cessation in feeding occurring beyond 4 h of exposure. Concomitantly, marked and dose‐dependent inhibition (69%–90%) of AChE was also evident after 4 h of exposure. Induction of heat shock protein (Hsp) was evident after 4 h of exposure (as seen from quantitative analysis), although maximum expression of Hsp was evident only after 24 h of exposure (as evident from qualitative analysis). Interestingly, the Hsp induction was restricted only to the pharyngeal region. Significant correlation was discernible between the three evaluated end points suggesting their possible interrelated role in the physiological dysfunctions evoked by sublethal concentrations of dichlorvos. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 23:9–17, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/jbt.20258
Sulforaphane and its analogues inhibit CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 activity induced by benzo[a]pyrene
Authors: Skupinska Katarzyna , Misiewicz‐Krzeminska Irena , Stypulkowski Rafal , Lubelska Katarzyna , Kasprzycka‐Guttman Teresa 
Published: February 2009

AbstractCYP1A1 and CYP1A2 enzymes metabolize polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) to the reactive oxyderivatives. PAHs can induce the activity of both enzymes, which increases its conversion and enhances risk of carcinogenesis. Thus, the inhibition of CYP enzymes is recognized as a cancer chemoprevention strategy. A well‐known group of chemopreventive agents is isothiocyanates, which occur naturally inBrassicavegetables. In this paper, a naturally occurring sulforaphane and its two synthetic analogues isothiocyanate‐2‐oxohexyl and alyssin were investigated. The aim of the study was to determine whether the differences in the isothiocyanate structure change its ability to inhibit CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 activity induced by benzo[a]pyrene in HepG2 and Mcf7 cells. Also a mechanistic study was performed including isothiocyanates' influence on CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 catalytic activity, enzymatic protein level, and AhR translocation. It was shown that both enzymes were significantly induced by benzo[a]pyrene, and isothiocyanates were capable of decreasing the induced activity. The inhibitory properties depend on the types of isothiocyanate and enzyme. In general, CYP1A2 was altered in the more meaningful way than CYP1A1 by isothiocyanates. Sulforaphane exhibited weak inhibitory properties, whereas both analogues were capable of inhibiting BaP‐induced activity with the similar efficacy. The mechanistic study revealed that analogues decreased the CYP1A2 activity via the protein‐level reduction and CYP1A1 directly. The results indicate that isothiocyanates can be considered as potent chemopreventive substances and the change in the sulforaphane structure increases its chemopreventive potency. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 23:18–28, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/jbt.20259
Arachidonic acid release by H2O2 mediated proliferation of mouse embryonic stem cells: Involvement of Ca2+/PKC and MAPKs‐induced EGFR transactivation
Authors: Lee Sang Hun , Na Sun Im , Heo Jung Sun , Kim Min Hee , Kim Yun Hee , Lee Min Young , Kim Seong Hong , Lee Yun Jung , Han Ho Jae 
Published: February 2009

AbstractReactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by a variety of endogenous factors and roles in embryonic stem (ES) cells has yet to be identified. Thus, we examined role of arachidonic acid (AA) in H2O2‐indued proliferation of mouse ES cells and its related signaling molecules. AA release was maximally increased in response to 10−4 M H2O2 for 1 h. In addition, H2O2 increased intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) and the phosphorylation of protein kinase C (PKC), p44/42, p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK), and JNK/SAPK. Moreover, H2O2 induced an increase in the phosphorylation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which was blocked by the inhibition of p44/42 or p38 MAPKs. The inhibition of each signal molecule with specific inhibitors blocked H2O2‐induced cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) activation and AA release. H2O2 increased NF‐κB phosphorylation to induce an increase in the levels of cyclooxygenase (COX)‐2 proteins. Subsequently, H2O2 stimulated PGE2 synthesis, which was reduced by the inhibition of NF‐κB activation. Moreover, each H2O2 or PGE2 increased DNA synthesis and the number of cells. However, H2O2‐induced increase in DNA synthesis was inhibited by the suppression of cPLA2 pathway. In conclusion, H2O2 increased AA release and PGE2 production by the upregulation of cPLA2 and COX‐2 via Ca2+/PKC/MAPKs and EGFR transactivation, subsequently proliferation of mouse ES cells. J. Cell. Biochem. 106: 787–797, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The SIE, SRE, CRE, and FAP‐1 four intracellular signal pathways between stimulus and the expression of c‐fos promoter
Authors: He Hong , Ping Feiyun 
Published: February 2009

Abstractc‐fos gene has a close relationship with the osteoblasts. Mechanical signal effect on osteoblasts would change the expression level of c‐fos. Authors introduce the signal pathways of four cis‐response elements on the promoter of c‐fos, that is, CRE (cAMP responsive element), FAP‐1 (Fbs‐AP‐1 site), SRE (serum response element), and SIE (sis‐inducible element), as the regulatory mechanism for c‐fos gene expression following various stimuli. J. Cell. Biochem. 106: 764–768, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Genome‐wide reduction in H3K9 acetylation during human embryonic stem cell differentiation
Authors: Krejčí Jana , Uhlířová Radka , Galiová Gabriela , Kozubek Stanislav , Šmigová Jana , Bártová Eva 
Published: February 2009

AbstractEpigenetic marks are important factors regulating the pluripotency and differentiation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). In this study, we analyzed H3K9 acetylation, an epigenetic mark associated with transcriptionally active chromatin, during endoderm‐like differentiation of hESCs. ChIP‐on‐chip analysis revealed that differentiation results in a genome‐wide decrease in promoter H3K9 acetylation. Among the 24,659 promoters analyzed, only 117 are likely to be involved in pluripotency, while 25 acetylated promoters are likely to be responsible for endoderm‐like differentiation. In pluripotent hESCs, the chromosomes with the highest absolute levels of H3K9 acetylation are chromosomes 1, 6, 2, 17, 11, and 12 (listed in order of decreasing acetylation). Chromosomes 17, 19, 11, 20, 22, and 12 are the most prone to differentiation‐related changes (both increased acetylation and deacetylation). When chromosome size (in Mb) was accounted for, the highest H3K9 acetylation levels were found on chromosome 19, 17, 6, 12, 11, and 1, and the greatest differentiation‐associated decreases in H3K9 acetylation occurred on chromosomes 19, 17, 11, 12, 16, and 1. The gene density and size of individual chromosomes were strongly correlated with the levels of H3K9 acetylation. Our analyses point to chromosomes 11, 12, 17, and 19 as being critical for hESC pluripotency and endoderm‐like differentiation. J. Cell. Physiol. 219: 677–687, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pilot‐scale treatment of waste‐water from carbon production by a combined physical–chemical process
Authors: Wang Hongjie , Liu Ruiping , Qu Jiuhui , Fan Maohong , Li Huaizheng 
Published: February 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: Due to its strong colour, high concentrations of fluorides and chemical oxygen demand (CODCr) and large amount of suspended solids (SS), the waste‐water from carbon production (WCP) seriously affects the stability of the circulating system of Guizhou Branch, Aluminium Corporation of China. In this paper, the performance of a pilot‐scale (24 m3 d−1) combined treatment plant, consisting of chemical precipitation, coagulation, and Fenton oxidation, for the treatment of WCP was investigated.RESULTS: Lime precipitation and hydrated ferrous sulphate (HFS) coagulation, with polyacrylamide (PAM) as a coagulation aid, proved to be effective in the removal of colour (>70%), suspended solids (SS) (>90%) and fluoride (>80%) from the WCP. Subsequent Fenton oxidation combined with coagulation as a final treatment efficiently removed SS, F−, CODCr, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and colour. The average total removal efficiencies of these parameters in the pilot‐scale combined technology were as follows: SS = 98.8%, F− = 95.7%, CODCr = 94.8%, DOC = 91.8% and colour = 98.3%, giving an average effluent quality: colour 24 (multiple), CODCr 168 mg L−1, DOC 80 mg L−1, F− 38 mg L−1 and SS 44 mg L−1, consistent with the reusable water limits for the process.CONCLUSIONS: The current experimental results and the economic evaluation suggest that the combined process could be advantageous and feasible for the treatment of WCP. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Marfan syndrome and its disorder in periodontal tissues
Authors: Suda Naoto , Shiga Momotoshi , Ganburged Ganjargal , Moriyama Keiji 
Published: February 2009

AbstractElastic system fibers are composed of two distinct elements, elastin, which is an amorphous component crosslinked in the core, and microfibril, localized in the periphery of elastin. As microfibrillar proteins, fibrillins, microfibril‐associated glycoproteins (MAGPs), latent TGF‐β‐binding proteins (LTBPs), microfibril‐associated proteins (MFAPs), and fibulins are known. Fibrillin‐1 is a major microfibrillar protein and characterized by calcium binding EGF‐like (cbEGF) domain. Association between fibrillin‐1 and TGF‐β is a recent topic of this field and this interaction is known to inactivate and target TGF‐β action. FBN1 encoding fibrillin‐1 is a responsible gene for Marfan syndrome type 1 (MIM ♯154700), characterized by increased height and long limbs, ectopia lentis, and cardiovascular disorders, such as mitral valve prolapse and aortic dilation and regurgitation. Animal models suggest that the abnormal TGF‐β signaling is underlying as the pathogenesis of these conditions. Besides skeletal, ocular and cardiovascular conditions, severe periodontitis is frequently seen in affected patients. To clarify the unknown function of elastic system fibers in the periodontal ligament (PDL), PDL‐cells were isolated from a Marfan syndrome type 1 patient who was with the severe periodontitis and had a mutation in one of the cbEGF domain of fibrillin‐1. These results suggested that wild‐type fibrillin‐1 was required for the normal cell alignment and tissue architecture of PDLs. Evidences are now accumulated to suggest that fibrillin‐1 is one of the molecule involved in the interaction between cell and extracellular matrix. J. Exp. Zool. (Mol. Dev. Evol.) 312B:503–509, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Gene induction for the treatment of methylmalonic aciduria
Authors: Hu Ruimei , Buck Nicole E. , Khaniani Mahmoud S. , Wood Leonie , Wardan Hady , Benoist Jean‐Francois , Li Lingli , Vadolas Jim , Sarsero Joseph P. , Ioannou Panos A. , Peters Heidi L. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractBackgroundMethylmalonic aciduria is an autosomal recessive inborn error of the propionate metabolic pathway. One form of this disorder is caused by mutations in methylmalonyl‐coenzyme A mutase (MCM), resulting in reduced levels of enzyme activity. The pharmacological up‐regulation of residual mutase activity is one approach to advance treatment strategies for individuals affected by this disorder. We describe the construction, characterization and use of a cellular genomic reporter assay for MCM expression that will potentially identify therapeutic pharmacological agents for methylmalonic aciduria treatment.MethodsHomologous recombination was used to insert an enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) cassette inframe before the last codon of exon 13 of the MCM gene (MUT) in a BAC clone. The construct was used to generate stable HeLa cell lines. EGFP expression was measured by flow cytometry and the real‐time reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction was used to quantify changes in MUT gene mRNA levels.ResultsThe genomic reporter assay used to screen a selection of compounds. Cisplatin, zidovudine and adefovir were found to increase the levels of MCM mRNA and EGFP expression, providing support for the possible efficacy of these pharmacological compounds in treating methylmalonic aciduria.ConclusionsThis assay has the potential of being used in high‐throughput screening of chemical libraries for the identification of novel compounds that specifically modulate the expression of MCM. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Water‐promoted Dowex 50W catalyzed highly efficient green protocol for 2‐arylbenzothiazole formation
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Chhanda , Datta Arup 
Published: February 2009

Abstract
magnified image2‐Aminothiophenol and a variety of aryl aldehydes were allowed to react in one‐pot operation to give 2‐aryl‐benzothiazoles in excellent yields in the presence of Dowex 50W in water. Very high yields coupled with the ease of work‐up procedure, formation of no side products, employment of “reusable” catalyst, and “green” synthesis in aqueous medium without maintaining anhydrous reaction conditions are the most important aspects of this methodology. J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2009).
Formation of complexes between uracil and calcium ions: an ESI/MS/MS study in combination with theoretical calculations
Authors: Zins Emilie‐Laure , Rochut Sophie , Pepe Claude 
Published: February 2009

AbstractCationized uracil clusters around calcium metal ions were generated in the gas phase by electrospray ionization (ESI). A previous study showed that with particular experimental conditions, hexamer, octamer, decamer, dodecamer and tetradecamer uracil clusters are present in high quantities. New experiments were carried out to understand the reasons for the particular stability of these complexes. MS/MS experiments suggested that these uracil clusters belong to the same family. Based on ab initio and DFT quantum chemistry calculations, structures in agreement with experimental results are proposed for these clusters. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Does auditory rhythmical cueing improve gait in people with Parkinson's disease and cognitive impairment? A Feasibility study
Authors: Rochester Lynn , Burn David J. , Woods Gillian , Godwin Jon , Nieuwboer Alice 
Published: February 2009

AbstractGait and balance problems resulting from Parkinson's disease (PD) are more common in people with PD and dementia (PDD), yet, it is unknown whether the benefits of cueing therapy for mobility generalize to them. We aimed to determine the feasibility and effectiveness of auditory cues to improve gait in PD and cognitive impairment (PD‐CI). Nine participants with PD‐CI walked with and without auditory cues using two different strategies: (1) Cue with temporal instruction to “step in time to the beat,” (2) Cue with spatiotemporal instruction to “take a big step in time to the beat.” Cues were delivered with a metronome at preferred stepping frequency while on medication during single and dual‐task gait. Gait was assessed using GAITRite and walking speed, stride amplitude, step frequency, and variability (CV%) of step and double limb support time were measured. Data were analyzed in SPSS version 16 using fixed‐effect linear mixed models. An adjusted, P value of 0.01 was considered significant. Participants were men, aged 74.89 (±6.45) years with median MMSE of 22 (range 20.5–25) and UPDRS III score of 44 (35.5–47.0). Participants complied with testing and instructions. The cue that focused attention on both temporal and spatial parameters of gait significantly improved single and dual‐task walking speed and stride amplitude. This study provides evidence for the potential of cueing to improve gait in PD‐CI. Only individuals with mild CI were included, and the effect with increased CI and different types of dementia requires further evaluation. © 2009 Movement Disorder Society
Effect of whole body vibration in Parkinson's disease: A controlled study
Authors: Arias Pablo , Chouza Marcelo , Vivas Jamile , Cudeiro Javier 
Published: February 2009

AbstractIn the search of new strategies to improve the quality of life of Parkinson's disease patients, recent work has reported an amelioration of Parkinsonian symptoms using Whole Body Vibration (WBV). A double‐blinded, placebo controlled design was used to evaluate the effect of a 12 WBV sessions‐programme on a number of motor and clinical tests in 23 Parkinson's disease patients. Patients were assigned to one of two groups, one receiving WBV and the other a placebo group. At the end of the programme as well as during intra‐session evaluation, there was no difference between the experimental (vibration) and placebo groups in any outcomes. These results suggest that reported benefits of vibration are due to a placebo response. © 2009 Movement Disorder Society