bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cognitive behavioural therapy for depression, quality of life, and cognitive function in the post‐stroke period: systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Wan Mingye , Zhang Ying , Wu Youping , Ma Xia 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe post‐stroke period is associated with a lot of sequelae, including depression, decreased quality of life, and decline of cognitive function. Apart from the pharmacotherapy, it is also important to find a non‐pharmacological treatment to relieve the sequelae. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) might be a potential candidate, which can be clarified by a systematic review and meta‐analysis. The eligible criteria of enrolled studies in the systematic review and meta‐analysis were the randomised clinical trials (RCTs) using CBT to treat post‐stroke depression, or with the focus on quality of life or cognitive function in the post‐stroke period. The endpoint scores of depression, quality of life, and cognitive function scales were the targeted outcome for the final meta‐analysis in the random effects model. Ten RCTs with 432 post‐stroke patients receiving CBT and 385 controls were included. The meta‐analysis results showed significant improvements in depression severity and quality of life. However, no significant difference between CBT and control groups was found in cognitive function. In addition, significant heterogeneity was derived from the meta‐analysis. According to the meta‐analysis results, CBT might be beneficial for relieving depression severity and improving quality of life. However, cognitive function might not be influenced by CBT. Further studies with a more consistent CBT design with greater sample sizes should be warranted to clarify and confirm the treatment effects of CBT for post‐stroke depression and quality of life.
Enhancing assisted diagnostic accuracy in scalp psoriasis: A Multi‐Network Fusion Object Detection Framework for dermoscopic pattern diagnosis
Authors: Ji Honghai , Li Jiaqi , Zhu Xiaoyang , Fan Lingling , Jiang Weiwei , Chen Yang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundDermoscopy is a common method of scalp psoriasis diagnosis, and several artificial intelligence techniques have been used to assist dermoscopy in the diagnosis of nail fungus disease, the most commonly used being the convolutional neural network algorithm; however, convolutional neural networks are only the most basic algorithm, and the use of object detection algorithms to assist dermoscopy in the diagnosis of scalp psoriasis has not been reported.ObjectivesEstablishment of a dermoscopic modality diagnostic framework for scalp psoriasis based on object detection technology and image enhancement to improve diagnostic efficiency and accuracy.MethodsWe analyzed the dermoscopic patterns of scalp psoriasis diagnosed at 72nd Group army hospital of PLA from January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2021, and selected scalp seborrheic dermatitis as a control group. Based on dermoscopic images and major dermoscopic patterns of scalp psoriasis and scalp seborrheic dermatitis, we investigated a multi‐network fusion object detection framework based on the object detection technique Faster R‐CNN and the image enhancement technique contrast limited adaptive histogram equalization (CLAHE), for assisting in the diagnosis of scalp psoriasis and scalp seborrheic dermatitis, as well as to differentiate the major dermoscopic patterns of the two diseases. The diagnostic performance of the multi‐network fusion object detection framework was compared with that between dermatologists.ResultsA total of 1876 dermoscopic images were collected, including 1218 for scalp psoriasis versus 658 for scalp seborrheic dermatitis. Based on these images, training and testing are performed using a multi‐network fusion object detection framework. The results showed that the test accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, and Youden index for the diagnosis of scalp psoriasis was: 91.0%, 89.5%, 91.0%, and 0.805, and for the main dermoscopic patterns of scalp psoriasis and scalp seborrheic dermatitis, the diagnostic results were: 89.9%, 97.7%, 89.9%, and 0.876. Comparing the diagnostic results with those of five dermatologists, the fusion framework performs better than the dermatologists' diagnoses.ConclusionsStudies have shown some differences in dermoscopic patterns between scalp psoriasis and scalp seborrheic dermatitis. The proposed multi‐network fusion object detection framework has higher diagnostic performance for scalp psoriasis than for dermatologists.
Proliferation of psychrotrophic bacteria in cold‐stored platelet concentrates
Authors: Ramirez‐Arcos Sandra , Kumaran Dilini , Cap Andrew , Cardenas Kristin Michelle , Cloutier Marc , Ferdin Justin , Gravemann Ute , Ketter Patrick , Landry Patricia , Lu Thea , Niekerk Truscha , Parker Joel , Renke Claudia , Seltsam Axel , Stafford Bianca , Süssner Susanne , Vollmer Tanja , Zilkenat Susann , McDonald Carl ,   for the ISBT Transfusion‐Transmitted Infections Diseases Working Party, Subgroup on Bacteria
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesPlatelet concentrates (PC) are stored at 20–24°C to maintain platelet functionality, which may promote growth of contaminant bacteria. Alternatively, cold storage of PC limits bacterial growth; however, data related to proliferation of psychotrophic species in cold‐stored PC (CSP) are scarce, which is addressed in this study.Materials and MethodsEight laboratories participated in this study with a pool/split approach. Two split PC units were spiked with ~25 colony forming units (CFU)/PC of Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Serratia liquefaciens, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Listeria monocytogenes. One unit was stored under agitation at 20–24°C/7 days while the second was stored at 1–6°C/no agitation for 21 days. PC were sampled periodically to determine bacterial loads. Five laboratories repeated the study with PC inoculated with lyophilized inocula (~30 CFU/mL) of S. aureus and K. pneumoniae.ResultsAll species proliferated in PC stored at 20–24°C, reaching concentrations of ≤109 CFU/mL by day 7. Psychrotrophic P. fluorescens and S. liquefaciens proliferated in CSP to ~106 CFU/mL and ~105 CFU/mL on days 10 and 17 of storage, respectively, followed by L. monocytogenes, which reached ~102 CFU/mL on day 21. S. aureus and K. pneumoniae did not grow in CSP.ConclusionPsychrotrophic bacteria, which are relatively rare contaminants in PC, proliferated in CSP, with P. fluorescens reaching clinically significant levels (≥105 CFU/mL) before day 14 of storage. Cold storage reduces bacterial risk of PC to levels comparable with RBC units. Safety of CSP could be further improved by implementing bacterial detection systems or pathogen reduction technologies if storage is beyond 10 days.
Delta like 4 regulates cerebrovascular development and endothelial integrity via DLL4‐NOTCH‐CLDN5 pathway and is vulnerable to neonatal hyperoxia
Authors: Ke Xingrao , Xia Sheng , Yu Wei , Mabry Sherry , Fu Qi , Menden Heather L. , Sampath Venkatesh , Lane Robert H. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe mechanisms governing brain vascularization during development remain poorly understood. A key regulator of developmental vascularization is delta like 4 (DLL4), a Notch ligand prominently expressed in endothelial cells (EC). Exposure to hyperoxia in premature infants can disrupt the development and functions of cerebral blood vessels and lead to long‐term cognitive impairment. However, its role in cerebral vascular development and the impact of postnatal hyperoxia on DLL4 expression in mouse brain EC have not been explored. We determined the DLL4 expression pattern and its downstream signalling gene expression in brain EC using Dll4+/+ and Dll4+/LacZ mice. We also performed in vitro studies using human brain microvascular endothelial cells. Finally, we determined Dll4 and Cldn5 expression in mouse brain EC exposed to postnatal hyperoxia. DLL4 is expressed in various cell types, with EC being the predominant one in immature brains. Moreover, DLL4 deficiency leads to persistent abnormalities in brain microvasculature and increased vascular permeability both in vivo and in vitro. We have identified that DLL4 insufficiency compromises endothelial integrity through the NOTCH‐NICD‐RBPJ‐CLDN5 pathway, resulting in the downregulation of the tight junction protein claudin 5 (CLDN5). Finally, exposure to neonatal hyperoxia reduces DLL4 and CLDN5 expression in developing mouse brain EC. We reveal that DLL4 is indispensable for brain vascular development and maintaining the blood–brain barrier's function and is repressed by neonatal hyperoxia. We speculate that reduced DLL4 signalling in brain EC may contribute to the impaired brain development observed in neonates exposed to hyperoxia.
imageKey points
The role of delta like 4 (DLL4), a Notch ligand in vascular endothelial cells, in brain vascular development and functions remains unknown.
We demonstrate that DLL4 is expressed at a high level during postnatal brain development in immature brains and DLL4 insufficiency leads to abnormal cerebral vasculature and increases vascular permeability both in vivo and in vitro.
We identify that DLL4 regulates endothelial integrity through NOTCH‐NICD‐RBPJ‐CLDN5 signalling.
Dll4 and Cldn5 expression are decreased in mouse brain endothelial cells exposed to postnatal hyperoxia.
Capacidades institucionales de los gobiernos subnacionales en periodos de crisis: el caso del departamento de Santander en Colombia, 2020-2022
Authors: Bayona Sarmiento Manuel , Parra Ramírez Esther 
Published: April 2024

Los periodos de crisis recurrente develan fortalezas y grandes debilidades en las capacidades que tienen las instituciones para afrontarlas. Este artículo presenta los resultados de la investigación sobre la respuesta de las autoridades gubernamentales del departamento de Santander en Colombia a la crisis sanitaria originada por la pandemia del COVID-19, con el fin de mostrar los grados de articulación multinivel, la efectividad y formas de liderazgo gubernamental ante situaciones de contingencia.

El trabajo de campo recurrió a la metodología Sistema de Análisis de Capacidad Institucional (SADCI), para estudiar fenómenos disruptivos y para ello revisa la flexibilidad institucional multinivel, la capacidad de adaptación y de reinvención para responder a este tipo de situaciones que cuestionan los cimientos del estado y sus gobiernos, así como sus capacidades para responder oportuna y adecuadamente a las demandas ciudadanas.

Los resultados muestran que, en sistemas predominantemente presidenciales como el colombiano, el papel central de respuesta institucional se concentra en el jefe de Estado y su gabinete y así, el grado de respuesta a las crisis en el ámbito subnacional se relaciona con el nivel de autonomía de sus gobiernos, la innovación en medio de las dificultades y los tipos de liderazgos ejercidos.
Simulation of Uterus Active Contraction and Fetus Delivery in ls-dyna
Authors: Tao Ru , Grimm Michele 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Vaginal childbirth is the final phase of pregnancy when one or more fetuses pass through the birth canal from the uterus, and it is a biomechanical process. The uterine active contraction, causing the pushing force on the fetus, plays a vital role in regulating the fetus delivery process. In this project, the active contraction behaviors of muscle tissue were first modeled and investigated. After that, a finite element method (FEM) model to simulate the uterine cyclic active contraction and delivery of a fetus was developed in ls-dyna. The active contraction was driven through contractile fibers modeled as one-dimensional truss elements, with the Hill material model governing their response. Fibers were assembled in the longitudinal, circumferential, and normal (transverse) directions to correspond to tissue microstructure, and they were divided into seven regions to represent the strong anisotropy of the fiber distribution and activity within the uterus. The passive portion of the uterine tissue was modeled with a Neo Hookean hyperelastic material model. Three active contraction cycles were modeled. The cyclic uterine active contraction behaviors were analyzed. Finally, the fetus delivery through the uterus was simulated. The model of the uterine active contraction presented in this paper modeled the contractile fibers in three-dimensions, considered the anisotropy of the fiber distribution, provided the uterine cyclic active contraction and propagation of the contraction waves, performed a large deformation, and caused the pushing effect on the fetus. This model will be combined with a model of pelvic structures so that a complete system simulating the second stage of the delivery process of a fetus can be established.
An Ultrathin-Walled Foam Heat Pipe
Authors: Wang Yi Xiang , Yu Cheng Qin , Kang Kiju , Atkins Michael D. , Kim Tongbeum 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We present an advanced thermal solution for capillary-driven heat pipes that addresses a fundamental problem with existing heat pipes being inefficient space utilization and limited thermal spreading performance. Our solution features the full occupation of open-cell foam core and ultrathin-walled envelope—an ultrathin-walled foam heat pipe (uFHP). A copper layer is formed sequentially via electroless—and electroplating, and envelopes a tailored block of open-cell foam core, followed by a series of chemical surface treatments that create a nanoscale texture on the foam ligament and envelope's inner surfaces for improved capillary pumping. The high porosity foam core (ε = 0.974) for vapor passaging and wicking, and the ultrathin-walled envelope of 50 μm, make the uFHP remarkably lightweight (64% lighter than commercial heat pipes). Further, conductive spreading and convective transfer of heat from vapor and condensate by foam ligaments to the envelope, increase overall heat rejection. Consequently, the thermal resistance and evaporator temperature are reduced. More importantly, the uFHP could be tailored into any cross-sectional (e.g., noncircular) shape. This tailorable uFHP can be an alternative heat pipe thermal solution for extreme compact operations that require improved thermal performance.
Sialic acids as attachment factors in mosquitoes mediating Japanese encephalitis virus infection
Authors: He Yi , Miao Chang , Yang Shiping , Xu Changhao , Liu Yuwei , Zhu Xi , Wen Yiping , Wu Rui , Zhao Qin , Huang Xiaobo , Yan Qigui , Lang Yifei , Zhao Shan , Wang Yiping , Han Xinfeng , Cao Sanjie , Hu Yajie , Du Senyan 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

The role of
Culex
mosquitoes in the transmission of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is crucial, yet the mechanisms of JEV infection in these vectors remain unclear. Previous research has indicated that various host factors participate in JEV infection. Herein, we present evidence that mosquito sialic acids enhance JEV infection both
in vivo
and
in vitro
. By treating mosquitoes and C6/36 cells with neuraminidase or lectin, the function of sialic acids is effectively blocked, resulting in significant inhibition of JEV infection. Furthermore, knockdown of the sialic acid biosynthesis genes in
Culex
mosquitoes also leads to a reduction in JEV infection. Moreover, our research revealed that sialic acids play a role in the attachment of JEV to mosquito cells, but not in its internalization. To further explore the mechanisms underlying the promotion of JEV attachment by sialic acids, we conducted immunoprecipitation experiments to confirm the direct binding of sialic acids to the last α-helix in JEV envelope protein domain III. Overall, our study contributes to a molecular comprehension of the interaction between mosquitoes and JEV and offers potential strategies for preventing the dissemination of flavivirus in natural environments.

IMPORTANCE
In this study, we aimed to investigate the impact of glycoconjugate sialic acids on mosquito infection with Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). Our findings demonstrate that sialic acids play a crucial role in enhancing JEV infection by facilitating the attachment of the virus to the cell membrane. Furthermore, our investigation revealed that sialic acids directly bind to the final α-helix in the JEV envelope protein domain III, thereby accelerating virus adsorption. Collectively, our results highlight the significance of mosquito sialic acids in JEV infection within vectors, contributing to a better understanding of the interaction between mosquitoes and JEV.
Respiratory outcomes and survival after unplanned extubation in the NICU: a prospective cohort study from the SEPREVEN trial
Authors: Yager Helene , Tauzin Manon , Durrmeyer Xavier , Todorova Darina , Storme Laurent , Debillon Thierry , Casagrande Florence , Jung Camille , Audureau Etienne , Layese Richard , Caeymaex Laurence 
Published: April 2024

ObjectiveTo compare reintubation rates after planned extubation and unplanned extubation (UE) in patients in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), to analyse risk factors for reintubation after UE and to compare outcomes in patients with and without UE.DesignProspective, observational study nested in a randomised controlled trial (SEPREVEN/Study on Epidemiology and PRevention of adverse EVEnts in Neonates). Outcomes were expected to be independent of the intervention tested.Setting12 NICUs in France with a 20-month follow-up, starting November 2015.Patientsn=2280 patients with a NICU stay >2 days, postmenstrual age ≤42 weeks on admission.Interventions/exposureCharacteristics of UE (context, timing, sedative administration in the preceding 6 hours, weaning from ventilation at time of UE) and patients.Main outcome measuresHealthcare professional-reported UE rates, reintubation/timing after extubation, duration of mechanical ventilation, mortality and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).ResultsThere were 162 episodes of UE (139 patients, median gestational age (IQR) 27.3 (25.6–31.7) weeks). Cumulative reintubation rates within 24 hours and 7 days of UE were, respectively, 50.0% and 57.5%, compared with 5.5% and 12.3% after a planned extubation. Independent risk factors for reintubation within 7 days included absence of weaning at the time of UE (HR, 95% CI) and sedatives in the preceding 6 hours (HR 1.93, 95% CI 1.04 to 3.60). Mortality at discharge did not differ between patients with planned extubation or UE. UE was associated with a higher risk of BPD.ConclusionIn the SEPREVEN trial, reintubation followed UE in 58% of the cases, compared with 12% after planned extubation.Trial registration numberNCT02598609.
Efficacy of a single low dose of esketamine after childbirth for mothers
with symptoms of prenatal depression: randomised clinical trial
Authors: Wang Shuo , Deng Chun-Mei , Zeng Yuan , Chen Xin-Zhong , Li Ai-Yuan , Feng Shan-Wu , Xu Li-Li , Chen Liang , Yuan Hong-Mei , Hu Han , Yang Tian , Han Tao , Zhang Hui-Ying , Jiang Ming , Sun Xin-Yu , Guo Hui-Ning , Sessler Daniel I , Wang Dong-Xin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objective
To determine whether a single low dose of esketamine administered
after childbirth reduces postpartum depression in mothers with prenatal
depression.

Design
Randomised, double blind, placebo controlled trial with two parallel
arms.

Setting
Five tertiary care hospitals in China, 19 June 2020 to 3 August
2022.

Participants
364 mothers aged ≥18 years who had at least mild prenatal depression
as indicated by Edinburgh postnatal depression scale scores of ≥10
(range 0-30, with higher scores indicating worse depression) and who
were admitted to hospital for delivery.

Interventions
Participants were randomly assigned 1:1 to receive either 0.2 mg/kg
esketamine or placebo infused intravenously over 40 minutes after
childbirth once the umbilical cord had been clamped.

Main outcome measures
The primary outcome was prevalence of a major depressive episode at
42 days post partum, diagnosed using the mini-international
neuropsychiatric interview. Secondary outcomes included the Edinburgh
postnatal depression scale score at seven and 42 days post partum and
the 17 item Hamilton depression rating scale score at 42 days post
partum (range 0-52, with higher scores indicating worse depression).
Adverse events were monitored until 24 hours after childbirth.

Results
A total of 364 mothers (mean age 31.8 (standard deviation 4.1)
years) were enrolled and randomised. At 42 days post partum, a major
depressive episode was observed in 6.7% (12/180) of participants in the
esketamine group compared with 25.4% (46/181) in the placebo group
(relative risk 0.26, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.14 to 0.48;
P<0.001). Edinburgh postnatal depression scale scores were lower in
the esketamine group at seven days (median difference −3, 95% CI −4 to
−2; P<0.001) and 42 days (−3, −4 to −2; P<0.001). Hamilton
depression rating scale scores at 42 days post partum were also lower in
the esketamine group (−4, −6 to −3; P<0.001). The overall incidence
of neuropsychiatric adverse events was higher in the esketamine group
(45.1% (82/182)v22.0% (40/182); P<0.001);
however, symptoms lasted less than a day and none required drug
treatment.

Conclusions
For mothers with prenatal depression, a single low dose of
esketamine after childbirth decreases major depressive episodes at 42
days post partum by about three quarters. Neuropsychiatric symptoms were
more frequent but transient and did not require drug
intervention.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.govNCT04414943.
Sex and authorship in global cancer research
Authors: Mutebi Miriam , Lewison Grant , Mukherji Deborah , Hammad Nazik , Vanderpuye Verna , Liebermann Erica , So Winnie K W , Torode Julie , Sullivan Richard , Ginsburg Ophira 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionResearch is an essential pillar of cancer control and key in shaping regional cancer control agendas. Imbalances in science and technology in terms of lack of female participation have been well documented. However, there is little evidence about country-level female participation in cancer research.MethodologyThrough a complex filter, cancer research papers were identified and grouped by countries and sex of the first and last authors of each paper and analysed by the percentage of females in these positions alongside other parameters.ResultsOur analysis of 56 countries’ outputs, in 2009, revealed that females were the first authors in 37.2% and last authors in 23.3% of papers. In 2019, females were the first author in 41.6% and last author in 29.4% of papers. Females increased as first authors by 26%, and as last authors by 12% between these two time periods. The top performing countries in terms female/male parity for first or last authorship were in Eastern and Southern Europe as well as Latin American countries.From 2009 to 2019, the highest proportion of females as first and last authors were from low-income and middle-income countries in Latin America and Eastern Europe.Females were more likely to publish in lower impact journals and were less likely to be cited compared to males.ConclusionsGlobally, progress in female’s authorship in oncology research has been uneven. More research is needed to understand the reasons behind this. Advancing diversity and equity in research leadership and authorship will be essential to address the complex challenges of cancer globally.