bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Consumer integration in sustainable product development
Authors: Hoffmann Esther 
Published: April 2007

AbstractChanges in production and consumption patterns are a crucial element of the sustainability agenda. Communication between product developers and users, and user integration in product development, can serve as a means for organizational as well as individual learning processes, resulting in sustainable product development. Recent approaches to innovation research describe the role of users in the innovation process as essential. However, conventional market research gives consumers a passive role as a mere object of research instead of considering them as possible innovators themselves. Improved methods, such as INNOCOPE (innovating through consumer‐integrated product development), tested in this study with a cycle manufacturer and resulting in a new product, a pedelec, are needed for effective communication, activating consumers and enabling them to promote sustainability goals. Through co‐operative product development processes key factors facilitating and obstructing the adoption of sustainable innovations may be identified. Such processes can enhance the emergence and diffusion of sustainable product innovations and different forms and bodies of knowledge can be combined. Integrating users' contextual everyday knowledge of the product with the technical knowledge of companies may lead to mutual learning, technical innovations and changes in consumer behaviour. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Synthesis of Large Ring Macrocycles (12–18) by Recyclable Palladium‐Complexed Dendrimers on Silica Gel Catalyzed Intramolecular Cyclocarbonylation Reactions
Authors: Lu Shui‐Ming , Alper Howard 
Published: April 2007

AbstractIntramolecular cyclocarbonylation reactions with palladium‐complexed dendrimers on silica gel as catalysts are very effective for the synthesis of twelve‐ to eighteen‐membered ring macrocycles. This process can tolerate a wide variety of functional groups, including halide, ether, ketone, and ester. The heterogeneous dendritic catalysts facilitate excellent substrate reactivity, affording oxygen‐, nitrogen‐, or sulfur‐containing tricyclic heterocycles in 70–92 % yields. Importantly, these systems are easily recovered by simple filtration and reused several times with only a slight loss of activity.
[3.3]Ferrocenophanes with Guanidine Bridging Units as Multisignalling Receptor Molecules for Selective Recognition of Anions, Cations, and Amino Acids
Authors: Otón Francisco , Espinosa Arturo , Tárraga Alberto , de Arellano Carmen Ramírez , Molina Pedro 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe synthesis, electrochemical, and optical properties of a new [3.3]ferrocenophane framework in which two ferrocene subunits, with similar electronic environments, are linked through two substituted guanidine moieties, are reported. The receptors 4–7 have been prepared in good yields by the reaction of bis(carbodiimide) 3 with primary amines. This architecture is exceptionally “tunable” because a variety of “legs” may be appended to the basic [3.3]ferrocenophane scaffold to give a wide range of signaling units. These receptors show remarkable ion‐sensing properties, due to the presence of a redox active unit (ferrocene), and an amphoteric binding site (guanidine). In this nitrogen‐rich structural motif the guanidine bridges act as multipoint binding sites for anions, cations, and amino acids. Sensing of anions takes place both by unprecedented redox‐ratiometric measurements (F−, Cl−, AcO−, NO3−, HSO4−, H2PO4−, and HP2O73−), and colorimetric change (F−, AcO−, H2PO4−, and HP2O73−). Sensing and discrimination of amino acids takes place by redox‐ratiometric measurements, whereas the recognition of metal cations (Zn2+, Ni2+, and Cd2+) is achieved either by electrochemical or fluorescence measurements. Moreover, the reported receptors display splitting of the oxidation wave of the FeII/FeIII redox couple, and form the mixed‐valence species 4+.‐7+. by electrochemical partial oxidation which, interestingly, show intervalence charge‐transfer transitions associated to the appearance of absorption bands in the near infrared spectral region.
Prognostic factors of early distant recurrence in hormone receptor‐positive, postmenopausal breast cancer patients receiving adjuvant tamoxifen therapy
Authors: Debled Marc , MacGrogan Gaëtan , Brouste Véronique , Mathoulin‐Pelissier Simone , Durand Michel , Mauriac Louis 
Published: April 2007

AbstractBACKGROUNDCurrent adjuvant hormone therapy in postmenopausal women with breast cancer is debatable between upfront aromatase inhibitors (AIs) and sequential treatment with tamoxifen. A major concern is the higher rate of early recurrences observed with sequential treatment. The authors conducted a retrospective analysis to identify risk factors of early recurrences in hormone receptor (HR)‐positive, postmenopausal women within the first 3 years of adjuvant tamoxifen.METHODSBetween 1986 and 2000, operable breast cancer patients who received exclusively adjuvant tamoxifen for at least 3 years were selected from the authors' institutional database. Age, histology, pathologic tumor size, modified Scarff‐Bloom‐Richardson (mSBR) grade, mitotic index, tumor necrosis, peritumoral vascular emboli (PVE), HR status, and the number of involved axillary lymph‐node were considered as prognostic factors of recurrence.RESULTSAmong 715 patients who met the inclusion criteria, a distant recurrence occurred in 38 patients (5.3%) within the first 3 years of tamoxifen therapy. Significant prognostic factors of early recurrence were mSBR, axillary lymph node involvement, tumor necrosis, mitotic index, PVE, and pathologic tumor size. Grade 1 and/or lymph node‐negative tumors were excluded from the multivariate analysis (1 recurrence in 208 patients). In this model, mSBR grade 3 was the only significant predictive factor of early recurrence (hazard ratio, 3.72; P < .001).CONCLUSIONSIn this study, a subset of patients was identified that was at low‐risk of early recurrence (mSBR grade 1 and/or negative lymph node status). Women in that subset could be treated using sequential hormone therapy with tamoxifen and AIs. In women with mSBR grade 3 or lymph node‐positive tumors, an upfront treatment with AIs seemed to be the current optimal strategy. Cancer 2007. © 2007 American Cancer Society.
On group‐theoretic computation of natural frequencies for spring–mass dynamic systems with rectilinear motion
Authors: Zingoni A. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractIn this article, group theory is employed to simplify the computation of natural circular frequencies for spring–mass dynamic systems with rectilinear motion. The systems are by themselves not physically symmetric (or they exhibit only very weak symmetry properties), but they can be transformed into graphs that preserve all the connectivities between masses and springs, while featuring the maximum possible symmetry. For physical dynamic systems exhibiting symmetry, a well‐known group‐theoretic approach involves the computation of the full stiffness matrix of the system first, followed by transformation of this matrix in order to cast it into block‐diagonal form. The present approach involves the direct assembly of much smaller stiffness matrices within the decomposed subspaces of the problem, and is therefore computationally more efficient. Of particular focus in this study are transformed configurations belonging to ‘triangular’ symmetry groups, whose symmetries are difficult to exploit using conventional methods. It is shown how the repeating eigenvalues associated with the degenerate subspaces of such symmetry groups can easily be obtained. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Calsenilin is required for endocrine pancreas development in zebrafish
Authors: Stetsyuk V. , Peers B. , Mavropoulos A. , Verbruggen V. , Thisse B. , Thisse C. , Motte P. , Duvillié B. , Scharfmann R. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractCalsenilin/DREAM/Kchip3 is a neuronal calcium‐binding protein. It is a multifunctional protein, mainly expressed in neural tissues and implicated in regulation of presenilin processing, repression of transcription, and modulation of A‐type potassium channels. Here, we performed a search for new genes expressed during pancreatic development and have studied the spatiotemporal expression pattern and possible role of calsenilin in pancreatic development in zebrafish. We detected calsenilin transcripts in the pancreas from 21 somites to 39 hours postfertilization stages. Using double in situ hybridization, we found that the calsenilin gene was expressed in pancreatic endocrine cells. Loss‐of‐function experiments with anti‐calsenilin morpholinos demonstrated that injected morphants have a significant decrease in the number of pancreatic endocrine cells. Furthermore, the knockdown of calsenilin leads to perturbation in islet morphogenesis, suggesting that calsenilin is required for early islet cell migration. Taken together, our results show that zebrafish calsenilin is involved in endocrine cell differentiation and morphogenesis within the pancreas. Developmental Dynamics 236:1517–1525, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
OVSF code allocation and two‐stage combining method to reduce intercode interference in OFCDM system
Authors: Hasegawa Kazuhiko , Shimura Ryuichiro , Sasase Iwao 
Published: April 2007

AbstractIn this paper, we propose an OVSF (Orthogonal Variable Spreading Factor) code allocation in OFCDM (Orthogonal Frequency and Code Division Multiplexing) system. In the proposed OVSF code allocation, codes which have a different ancestor code are allocated to users. When the proposed OVSF code allocation is used, a receiver can use a despreading which utilizes chips shorter than the spreading factor. Thus, symbols are generated. Furthermore, we propose a two‐stage combining method. After first stage combining, by despreading, the symbols are multiplied by weights and combined in second stage combining. We show that the proposed scheme achieves better BER performance than the conventional scheme by computer simulations. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 1, 90(9): 16– 24, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecja.20381
MIMO‐STBC scheme for intervehicle communications using decision feedback channel estimation method based on propagation feature at intersection
Authors: Ito Kenji , Itoh Nobuo , Sa()nda Katsushi , Karasawa Yoshio 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThis paper investigates an intervehicle communication method as a safe driving support system for intersection collision avoidance warnings. In this kind of system, realization of highly reliable communications in the physical layer is an absolute requirement. As a result, we propose a new MIMO‐STBC (Space‐Time Block Coding) method based on intersection propagation channel characteristics. MIMO transmission characteristics are determined by the propagation channel characteristics. First, we use a ray‐tracing method simulation to clarify the propagation channel conditions, and then model the intersection propagation channel. We use the characteristics of this propagation channel to propose a MIMO‐STBC method that utilizes decision feedback channel estimation, and verify the effectiveness of the proposed method in computer simulations. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 1, 90(9): 1–15, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecja.20400
NRD‐guide and waveguide H‐plane transition and its application for lens antenna feeding structure
Authors: Shimizu Takashi , Yoneyama Tsukasa 
Published: April 2007

AbstractIn this paper, NRD‐guide and waveguide H‐plane transitions are proposed to propagate a millimeter wave from the dielectric strip to the upper surface of the conductor plate through a waveguide made by excavating the conductor plate. As a result, they have a bandwidth of about 4 GHz with |S11|≤−15 dB and a low transition loss of 0.2 dB in the 60‐GHz band. An NRD‐guide upper side dielectric lens antenna was designed and fabricated as an application of the proposed transition. It had a wide bandwidth of about 6 GHz with |S11|≤−15 dB, high efficiency of about 78%, and a low sidelobe strength of less than −27 dB. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 2, 90(5): 39–48, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecjb.20294
Highly reliable SiO2/SiN/SiO2(ONO) gate dielectric on 4H‐SiC
Authors: Tanimoto Satoshi 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe marked lack of long‐term reliability in thermal gate oxides has thwarted practical applications of SiC power MOS devices. Gate dielectrics with a SiO2/SiN/SiO2(ONO) structure have been studied and optimized on a commercial 4H‐SiC epitaxial substrate as a fundamental resolution to this problem. A medium charge‐to‐failure value of more than 400C/cm2 was achieved for polycrystalline gate MONOS capacitors with an equivalent SiO2 thickness of 40 nm and fabricated with a typical power MOS process. The medium time‐to‐failure at an operating field of 3 MV/cm was extrapolated to be over 2 million years at room temperature. An ONO gate dielectric DMOS was demonstrated to show stable normally‐off transistor operation on 4H‐SiC. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 2, 90(5): 1– 10, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecjb.20329
BAST: BIST‐aided scan test. A new method for test cost reduction
Authors: Aikyo Takashi , Hiraide Takahisa , Emori Michiaki 
Published: April 2007

AbstractIt is common to use ATPG of scan‐based design for high fault coverage in LSI testing. However, significant increases in test cost arise with increasing design complexity. Recent strategies for test cost reduction combine ATPG and BIST techniques. Unfortunately, these strategies have serious constraints. We propose a new method that employs ATE and BIST structures to apply coded test patterns to LSI circuits. Results obtained using practical circuits show drastic test cost reduction capability of the proposed method. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 2, 90(5): 58– 65, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecjb.20356
A comparative study of micellar and microemulsion EKC for the analysis of benzoylurea insecticides and their analogs
Authors: Yang Xia , Xia Yan , Tao Chuanjiang , Liao Yiping , Zuo Yumin , Liu Huwei 
Published: April 2007

AbstractAn investigation of the basic factors which govern the microemulsion EKC (MEEKC) and MEKC for the separation of four benzoylurea (BU) insecticides and their four analogs was carried out. In MEEKC, the separation of eight BU compounds was optimized by changing the microemulsion composition, such as concentration of SDS, octane, n‐butanol, and isopropanol percentages, as well as capillary temperature. Separation optimization was also carried out for MEKC, showing that ACN and a high level of another additive γ‐CD were needed to achieve effective separation of these analytes. Although separation with baseline resolution was achieved by either MEEKC or MEKC methods, the separation selectivity resulting from the proposed MEEKC method was completely different from that of MEKC. In addition, analytical time in MEEKC was longer than that in MEKC, but in view of theoretical plate numbers, detection limits, and reproducibility, both methods were effective for the analysis of BU insecticides and their analogs.
Electrochromatography in poly(dimethyl)siloxane microchips using organic monolithic stationary phases
Authors: Faure Karine , Blas Maximilien , Yassine Omar , Delaunay Nathalie , Crétier Gérard , Albert Monique , Rocca Jean‐Louis 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThis paper shows the in situ synthesis of an hexyl acrylate monolith in PDMS microfluidic devices and its subsequent use as stationary phase for electrochromatography on chip. To overcome the ability of PDMS material to absorb organic monomers, surface modification of the enclosed channels was realized by UV‐mediated graft polymerization. This grafting procedure is based on the preliminary adsorption of a photoinitiator onto the PDMS surface and polymerization of charged monomers. Next, hexyl acrylate monoliths were cast in situ using photopolymerization process. The chromatographic behavior of the monolithic column was confirmed by the successful separation of derivatized catecholamines in the PDMS device using a 30 mm effective separation length (100 μm×100 μm section). Efficiencies reached up to 200 000 plates per meter.
Separation of cold medicine ingredients using a precise MEKC method at elevated pH
Authors: Hasemann Phillip , ter Balk Marieke , Preu Lutz , Wätzig Hermann 
Published: April 2007

AbstractAn MEKC method was developed in order to separate a cold medicine formulation containing acetaminophen, ephedrine sulfate, doxylamine succinate, and dextromethorphan hydrobromide as active pharmaceutical ingredients. Because of their similar physical and chemical properties, it was a challenge to separate the basic compounds without sample pretreatment. In addition, the high content of alcohol and sucrose together with the variety of further excipients had to be considered. Thus, the complex matrix required several optimization steps. These included the search for the optimum pH and for a suitable sodium dodecyl sulfate concentration to avoid matrix‐capillary wall interaction and to ensure precision. As a second developing step, an internal standard (benzocaine) was chosen to guarantee a high level of quantitative performance. An RSD% value of the peak areas between 1.0 and 2.0 was reached. The employed method development strategy can be generalized to similar separation approaches in the future.
Fabrication and characterization of open‐tubular CEC modified with tentacle‐type metal‐chelating polymer chains
Authors: Xu Liang , Sun Yan 
Published: April 2007

AbstractA novel stationary phase with tentacle‐type metal‐chelating polymer chains was fabricated for open‐tubular CEC. The preparation procedure of the stationary phase included the synthesis of monomer, silanization of capillary inner wall, in situ polymerization, and metal complexation. The effects of initiator concentration and reaction time on the column capacity were investigated. To compare with the tentacle‐type metal‐chelating capillary column, a monolayer ligand‐modified capillary was also prepared. Immobilized copper(II) capacity of the tentacle‐type polymer stationary phase was nearly 900 times higher than that of the monolayer one. The electroosmotic mobility was examined for its dependence on pH as well as phosphate and ACN concentrations. The tentacle‐type metal‐chelating capillary with high ligand capacity has proven to afford better retention and resolution for the separation of phenylalanine, tryptophan, and tyrosine mixtures and three purine derivatives. The separation was considered to be effected by a combination of ligand exchange and electrophoretic mobility.
Decrease in glucose metabolism in frontal cortex associated with deterioration of microstructure of corpus callosum measured by diffusion tensor imaging in healthy elderly
Authors: Inoue Kentaro , Ito Hiroshi , Uchida Shinya , Taki Yasuyuki , Kinomura Shigeo , Tsuji Ichiro , Sato Shigeru , Horie Kaoru , Kawashima Ryuta , Ito Masatoshi , Fukuda Hiroshi 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe neural functions of signaling are carried out by the interconnection of neurons via neuronal fibers. Diffusion tensor imaging has recently become an established technique that enables the in vivo visualization of white matter (WM) fibers. Studies of normal aging have suggested the disruption of WM fiber microstructures with anterior–posterior gradient. Because neuronal activity is tightly coupled with glucose metabolism, neuronal death or a decrease in synaptic activity with aging may cause a decrease in glucose metabolism in the brain. We examined whether the disruption of callosal fiber microstructures in the healthy elderly is accompanied by changes in regional glucose metabolism (rMGlu) in the brain. Fifteen healthy volunteers in their seventies participated. Fractional anisotropies (FAs) of the genu and splenium of the corpus callosum (CC) were measured for each subject, and their correlations with rMGlu were analyzed using SPM2 software. We found a statistically significant positive correlation of rMGlu in the bilateral frontal cortices with the FA of the genu of the CC, whereas there was no correlation of the FA of the splenium of the CC and rMGlu. By voxel‐based morphometry, we found no decrease in gray matter concentration associated with FA. The results indicate that neuronal activity in the frontal cortices may decrease with the disruption of the microstructures of the CC without corresponding gray matter atrophy. Hum Brain Mapp, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Recurrent laryngeal cancer presenting as delayed hypoparathyroidism
Authors: Hsu Amy K , Tabaee Abtin , Kraus Dennis H. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractBackground.Endocrine dysfunction following therapy for head and neck cancer has been previously described. Permanent hypoparathyroidism may result from the tumor, surgery, or radiation therapy. However, the incidence and significance of delayed hypoparathyroidism following treatment for laryngeal cancer remains unclear.Methods and Results.We report a patient who had stable serum calcium measurements on serial testing following concurrent chemoradiation and salvage laryngectomy for locally advanced laryngeal cancer. The patient subsequently presented 32 months following salvage laryngectomy with new onset, symptomatic hypocalcemia secondary to hypoparathyroidism. Subsequent evaluation revealed local recurrence.Conclusion.To our knowledge, this case represents the first report of delayed hypoparathyroidism as the presenting manifestation of recurrence following treatment for laryngeal cancer. Possible pathophysiologic mechanisms are discussed. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2007
Inner cylinder diameter effects on free convection heat transfer in a stable stratified fluid
Authors: Himeno Nobuhiro , Masuda Chihiro 
Published: April 2007

AbstractAn experimental study was performed to identify the effects of the inner cylinder diameter on free convection heat transfer in a stable stratified fluid between coaxial cylinders. The stratified layer was formed using a sucrose aqueous solution, and was heated from the outer cylinder (70 mm I.D.) at a constant heat flux and cooled from the inner cylinder at a constant temperature. The experiment was conducted for an inner cylinder of 50.8 mm O.D. and the results were compared with those for an inner cylinder of 30 mm O.D., which were previously reported by the authors. The results show that the inner cylinder size affects the heat transfer in the early stage of heating: increasing the diameter of the inner cylinder decreased the distance between the heating and cooling surfaces. It consequently reduced both the duration of heat conduction prevailing and the resulting temperature increase of the heating surface during that period. Increasing the diameter of the inner cylinder also made the heat transfer characteristics similar to those between vertical plates. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res, 36(3): 172– 186, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/htj.20148