bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of fetal skeletal mineralization for prediction of parturition date in cats
Authors: Haney Davida R. , Levy Julie K. , Newell Susan M. , Graham John P. , Gorman Shawn P. 
Published: December 2005

Abstract

Objective—To determine the relationship between
parturition date and fetal skeletal mineralization
detected radiographically in cats.

Design—Prospective clinical trial.

Animals—31 queens and their 49 pregnancies.

Procedure—Seventeen pregnant queens were
radiographed with a computed radiography system
every 2 to 3 days from 1 week after pregnancy was
identified by abdominal palpation until parturition.
Radiographs were evaluated to determine the first
identifiable mineralization of 16 bony structures
and teeth during each pregnancy. This information
was used to establish a table of expected parturition
dates on the basis of fetal mineralization.
Single radiographs from an additional 32 pregnant
cats were evaluated, and predictions of parturition
dates were made on the basis of the mineralization
table.

Results—Mineralization was first detected 25 to 29
days prior to parturition (dpp). Mineralization was
determined for the spinal column (22 to 27 dpp), skull
(21 to 27 dpp), ribs (20 to 25 dpp), scapula (17 to 24
dpp), humerus (20 to 24 dpp), femur (19 to 23 dpp),
radius (15 to 22 dpp), tibia (15 to 21 dpp), ulna (5 to 21
dpp), pelvis (8 to 20 dpp), fibula (0 to 17 dpp), tail (8 to
16 dpp), metacarpals and metatarsals (3 to 14 dpp),
phalanges (0 to 11 dpp), calcaneus (0 to 10 dpp), and
teeth (1 to 6 dpp). Date of parturition was predictable
within 3 days in 75% of cats.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Identification
of bony structures in the fetus is useful in estimating
the time to parturition in queens. (J Am Vet Med
Assoc 2003;223:1614–1616)
Detection of Salmonella organisms and assessment of a protocol for removal of contamination in horse stalls at a veterinary teaching hospital
Authors: Alinovi Catherine A. , Ward Michael P. , Couëtil Laurent L. , Wu Ching Ching 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjectives—To assess methods of detecting environmental contamination withSalmonellaorganisms and evaluate a cleaning and disinfection protocol for horse stalls in a veterinary teaching hospital.Design—Original study.Sample Population—37 horses with diarrhea likely to be caused bySalmonellainfection and their stall environments.Procedures—Fecal samples were collected from horses daily during hospitalization; samples were obtained from stall sites after cleaning and application of disinfectants. Fecal and environmental samples were cultured forSalmonellaspp and tested via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay to detectSalmonellaDNA.Results—1 horse died and 2 were discharged prior to sample collection. Fecal samples from 9 of 34 horses yielded growth ofSalmonellaorganisms on bacteriologic culture, and 23 yielded positive results via PCR assay on ≥ 1 occasion. Among environmental samples from 21 stalls, salmonellae were detected at ≥ 1 stall site on 6 of 78 occasions, and ≥ 1 stall site yielded positive results via PCR assay on 69 of 77 occasions.SalmonellaDNA was detected more frequently in samples of stall drains, cracks, and corners.Salmonellaspp were cultured from samples of 3 stalls after both initial and second cleaning and disinfection cycles, but no organisms were detected in samples obtained after use of a peroxygen disinfectant.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest that stalls in which horses with salmonellosis were housed should only be used to accommodate newly hospitalized horses after samples (collected after 2 cycles of cleaning and disinfection) from drains, cracks, and corners yield negative results on bacteriologic culture. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2003;223:1640–1644)
Reports of zoonotic disease outbreaks associated with animal exhibits and availability of recommendations for preventing zoonotic disease transmission from animals to people in such settings
Authors: Bender Jeff B. , Shulman Stephanie A. , _ _ 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To assess the number of zoonotic disease outbreaks associated with animal exhibits and identify published recommendations for preventing zoonotic disease transmission from animals to people in exhibit settings.Design—Literature review and survey of state public health veterinarians and state epidemiologists.Procedure—MEDLINE and agriculture databases were searched from 1966 through 2000. Retrieved references and additional resources provided by the authors were reviewed. A survey was sent to state public health veterinarians and state epidemiologists to determine whether their states had written recommendations or guidelines for controlling zoonotic diseases in animal exhibition venues, whether their states maintained a listing of animal exhibitors in the state, and whether they had any information on recent outbreaks involving animals in exhibitions.Results—11 published outbreaks were identified. These outbreaks occurred in a variety of settings including petting zoos, farms, and a zoological park. An additional episode involving exposure to a potentially rabid bear required extensive public health resources. A survey of state public health veterinarians identified 16 additional unpublished outbreaks or incidents. Most states did not have written recommendations or guidelines for controlling zoonotic diseases or any means to disseminate educational materials to animal exhibitors.Conclusions—Recent outbreaks of zoonotic diseases associated with contact with animals in exhibition venues highlight concerns for disease transmission to public visitors. Only a handful of states have written guidelines for preventing zoonotic disease transmission in animal exhibition venues, and published recommendations currently available focus on preventing enteric diseases and largely do not address other zoonotic diseases or prevention of bite wounds. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2004;224:1105–1109)
Gallbladder mucocele in dogs: 30 cases (2000–2002)
Authors: Pike Fred S. , Berg John , King Norval W. , Penninck Dominique G. , Webster Cynthia R. L. 
Published: December 2005

Abstract

Objective—To determine long-term outcome of dogs
with gallbladder mucocele.

Design—Retrospective study.

Animals—30 dogs with gallbladder mucocele, including
23 that underwent cholecystectomy.

Procedure—Medical records were reviewed for signalment,
history, and clinical, ultrasonographic, and
surgical findings. Follow-up information was obtained
for all dogs that survived the perioperative hospitalization
period.

Results—23 dogs had signs of systemic illness; 7 had
no clinical signs. Median values for serum activities of
alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase,
serum total bilirubin concentration, and total WBC
count were significantly higher among dogs with gallbladder
rupture than among dogs without rupture.
Sensitivity of sonography for detection of rupture was
85.7%. Overall perioperative mortality rate for dogs
that underwent cholecystectomy was 21.7%; mortality
rate was not significantly greater for dogs with rupture.
Aerobic bacteria were isolated from the bile or gallbladder
wall in 8.7% of dogs. All 18 dogs discharged
from the hospital had complete resolution of clinical
signs. In dogs that underwent in-hospital reexamination,
serum liver enzyme activities were significantly
decreased, compared with preoperative activities.
Persistent increases in serum activities of 1 or more
liver enzymes were detected in 9 of 12 dogs; 6 of 12
dogs had persistent abnormalities in hepatic
echogenicity. Mean follow-up period was 13.9 months.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest
that cholecystectomy is an effective treatment
for gallbladder mucocele. Although perioperative mortality
rate is high, prognosis after discharge from the
hospital is excellent. Rupture of the gallbladder warrants
emergency surgical intervention but does not
preclude a positive outcome. (J Am Vet Med Assoc
2004;224:1615–1622)
Long-term outcome of cats treated conservatively or surgically for peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia: 66 cases (1987–2002)
Authors: Reimer S. Brent , Kyles Andrew E. , Filipowicz Dean E. , Gregory Clare R. 
Published: December 2005

Abstract

Objective—To determine long-term outcome of cats
treated conservatively or surgically for peritoneopericardial
diaphragmatic hernia (PPDH).

Design—Retrospective study.

Animals—67 cats with PPDH.

Procedure—Medical records of cats with a diagnosis
of PPDH made from 1987 through 2002 were
reviewed. Information regarding long-term outcome
was obtained from owners.

Results—Prevalences of PPDH in domestic longhair
and Himalayan cats were significantly greater and
prevalence of PPDH in domestic shorthair cats was significantly
lower than prevalence of PPDH in the hospital
cat population over the 15-year study period.
Historical problems most commonly related to the respiratory
and gastrointestinal tracts. Peritoneopericardial
diaphragmatic hernia was the primary diagnosis in 40
cats and an incidental finding in 27 cats. One cat died
prior to arrival at the Veterinary Medical Teaching
Hospital. Thirty-seven of 66 cats were treated surgically,
and 29 were treated conservatively. The postoperative
mortality rate was 14%. Postoperative complications
developed in 29 of 37 cats, the most common of
which was hyperthermia. Two of 22 conservatively
treated cats had progression of clinical signs necessitating
surgical intervention or resulting in death. Owner
satisfaction with treatment choice and long-term outcome
was rated as very satisfied by 88% of owners of
surgically treated cats and 68% of owners of conservatively
treated cats.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Cats with overt
clinical signs attributable to PPDH are good candidates
for surgical herniorrhaphy. Postoperative complications
may develop but are generally minor and self-limiting.
Long-term outcome of cats treated conservatively or
surgically was rated as very good by most owners.
(J Am Vet Med Assoc 2004;224:728–732)
Evaluation of two rapid assays for detecting Cryptosporidium parvum in calf feces
Authors: Muccio Janna L. , Grooms Daniel L. , Mansfield Linda S. , Wise Annabel G. , Maes Roger K. 
Published: December 2005

Abstract

Objective—To evaluate 2 rapid, patient-side assays
for detection of Cryptosporidium parvum in feces
from neonatal calves with diarrhea.

Design—Diagnostic test evaluation.

Sample Population—Fecal samples from 96 neonatal
(1 to 30 days old) calves with diarrhea.

Procedure—Results of the rapid assays were compared
with results of microscopic examination of fecal smears
that had been stained with diamant fuchsin stain.

Results—One of the rapid assays correctly identified
56 of 62 (90%) fecal samples positive for C parvum
oocysts and 33 of 34 (97%) fecal samples negative
for oocysts. The other assay correctly identified 53 of
62 (85%) fecal samples positive for oocysts and 33 of
34 (97%) fecal samples negative for oocysts.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest
that these 2 rapid assays are accurate when
used to detect C parvum in fecal samples from
neonatal calves with diarrhea. ( J Am Vet Med Assoc 2004;225:1090–1092)
Evaluation of a focused assessment with sonography for trauma protocol to detect free abdominal fluid in dogs involved in motor vehicle accidents
Authors: Boysen Søren R. , Rozanski Elizabeth A. , Tidwell Amy S. , Holm Jen L. , Shaw Scott P. , Rush John E. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To establish a focused assessment with sonography for trauma (FAST) protocol in dogs, determine whether FAST can be performed by veterinary clinicians without extensive ultrasonographic experience, and assess the frequency of free fluid (as determined via FAST) in the abdominal cavity of dogs following motor vehicle accidents (MVAs).Design—Prospective study.Animals—100 client-owned dogs evaluated within 24 hours of an MVA.Procedure—Dogs were placed in lateral recumbency for the FAST examination. To detect fluid in the abdomen, 2 ultrasonographic views (transverse and longitudinal) were obtained at each of 4 sites (just caudal to the xiphoid process, on the midline over the urinary bladder, and at the left and right flank regions).Results—In the 100 dogs evaluated via FAST, free abdominal fluid was detected in 45 dogs. In 40 of those 45 dogs, abdominocentesis was performed; hemoperitoneum and uroperitoneum were diagnosed in 38 and 2 dogs, respectively. Compared with dogs that had no free abdominal fluid detected via FAST, dogs that had free abdominal fluid detected via FAST had significantly higher heart rates and serum lactate concentrations and significantly lower PCVs and total solid concentrations.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results indicate that FAST is a simple and rapid technique that can be performed on dogs in an emergency setting to detect intra-abdominal free fluid and can be performed by veterinary clinicians with minimal previous ultrasonographic experience. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2004;225:1198–1204)
Radiographic, magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomographic, and rhinoscopic features of nasal aspergillosis in dogs
Authors: Saunders Jimmy H. , Clercx Cécile , Snaps Frédéric R. , Sullivan Martin , Duchateau Luc , van Bree Henri J. , Dondelinger Robert F. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine radiographic, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), and rhinoscopic features of nasal aspergillosis in dogs.Design—Prospective study.Animals—15 client-owned dogs.Procedure—All dogs had clinical signs of chronic nasal disease; the diagnosis of nasal aspergillosis was made on the basis of positive results for at least 2 diagnostic tests (serology, cytology, histology, or fungal culture) and detection of typical intrasinusal and intranasal fungal colonies and turbinate destruction via rhinoscopy. Radiography, MRI, and CT were performed under general anesthesia. Rhinoscopy was repeated to evaluate lesions and initiate treatment. Findings of radiography, MRI, CT, and rhinoscopy were compared.Results—MRI and CT revealed lesions suggestive of nasal aspergillosis more frequently than did radiography. Computed tomography was the best technique for detection of cortical bone lesions; the nature of abnormal soft tissue, however, could not be identified. Magnetic resonance imaging allowed evaluation of lesions of the frontal bone and was especially useful for differentiating between a thickened mucosa and secretions or fungal colonies; however, fungal colonies could not be differentiated from secretions. Rhinoscopy allowed identification of the nature of intranasal and intrasinusal soft tissue but was not as useful as CT and MRI for defining the extent of lesions and provided no information regarding bone lesions.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—The value of CT and MRI for diagnosis of nasal aspergillosis was similar and greater than that of radiography. Rhinoscopy is necessary because it is the only technique that allows direct visualization of fungal colonies. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2004;225:1703–1712)
Clinical signs, underlying cause, and outcome in cats with seizures: 17 cases (1997–2002)
Authors: Barnes Heidi L. , Chrisman Cheryl L. , Mariani Christopher L. , Sims Marclyn , Alleman Arthur R. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine clinical signs, results of diagnostic testing, underlying cause, and outcome in cats with seizures.Design—Retrospective study.Animals—17 cats with seizures.Procedure—Only those cats in which an underlying metabolic abnormality causing the seizures had been identified, diagnostic imaging of the brain and CSF analysis had been done, or a necropsy had been performed were included. Seizures were classified as being a result of metabolic disease, symptomatic epilepsy (ie, epilepsy resulting from a structural lesion of the brain), or probably symptomatic epilepsy (ie, epilepsy without any extracranial or identifiable intracranial disease that is not suspected to be genetic in origin).Results—3 cats had seizures associated with an underlying metabolic disease (hepatic encephalopathy), 7 had symptomatic epilepsy (3 with neoplasia and 4 with meningoencephalitis), and 7 had probably symptomatic epilepsy. Six of the 7 cats with symptomatic epilepsy died or were euthanatized within 3 months after the diagnosis was made, whereas 6 of the 7 cats with probably symptomatic epilepsy survived for at least 12 months after the diagnosis was made.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest that cats with probably symptomatic epilepsy may have a good long-term prognosis. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2004;225:1723–1726)
Influence of the Flooding in 2002 on the Plankton and the Quality of Water and Sediment of the River Elbe over Its Longitudinal Profile
Authors: Pepelnik Rudolf , Karrasch Bernhard , Niedergesäß Rainer , Erbslöh Burkhard , Mehrens Maren , Link Ute , Herzog Michael , Prange Andreas 
Published: December 2005

AbstractThe extreme flooding of the Elbe in August 2002 led to resuspension of large amounts of sediment and thus to elevated loads of organic substance in the river. The higher organic carbon concentration was only slightly balanced by increased microbiological self‐purification capability, and this led to regional organic pollution along the river Elbe, especially in lentic water bodies. The remobilisation of sediments also led to increases in the concentrations of some elements by a factor of more than three times. In October 2002, the concentrations of most elements decreased to their 1998 values with the exception of As, Cd, W, Bi and U. One year after the flood an algae bloom and biogenous decalcification led to increases in organic matter and calcite in the suspended matter and sediments and therefore to dilution of most of the elements. However, the concentrations of Cd, W and Bi in the 2002 and 2003 sediments were higher than in 1998.
Radionuclides in the Mulde River System after the August‐2002 Flood
Authors: Michel Rolf , Feuerborn Joachim , Knöchel Arndt , Miller Frank , Ritzel Stefan , Treutler Hanns‐Christian , von Tümpling Wolf , Wanke Carsten 
Published: December 2005

AbstractRadionuclides were investigated in sediments from the rivers Freiberger Mulde, Zwickauer Mulde and Vereinigte Mulde in Saxony/Germany as well as in areas potentially affected by the uranium mining and milling in Saxony in order to study the consequences of the August‐2002 flood with respect to mobilization and transport of heavy‐metal containing sediments. Sampling points were chosen to allow comparison of the results with those of earlier investigations performed about one decade ago. In addition, samples of high‐flood sediments in urban areas were investigated. Radionuclide concentrations in sediments from the Freiberger Mulde reveal the geogenic background. The Zwickauer Mulde is still strongly affected by the former uranium mining and milling activities, but 238U and 226Ra activity concentrations are significantly lower than one decade ago. The same holds true for the Vereinigte Mulde, the activity concentrations being, however, lower due to dilution of sediments during long‐range transport. To which degree the decreases are due to the interim remediation work or due to the flood event of 2002 cannot be decided. Definitive influences of the flood, i.e. mobilization and transport of materials from mine dumps and tailing ponds can be seen for some of the areas affected by uranium mining and milling. 238U/226Ra and 226Ra/210Pb radioactive disequilibria allow distinguishing the different types of materials polluting the sediments and their transport pathways. The radiological relevance of the results is discussed.
Control of different reactive distillation configurations
Authors: Hung Shih‐Bo , Lee Ming‐Jer , Tang Yeong‐Tarng , Chen Yi‐Wei , Lai I‐Kuan , Hung Wan‐Jen , Huang Hsiao‐Ping , Yu Cheng‐Ching 
Published: December 2005

AbstractThree different flowsheets have been proposed for acetic acid esterification of acetic acid with alcohols ranging from C1 to C5 according to the ranking of normal boiling points and immiscibility. This work explores the similarities and differences in the dynamics and control of these three types of flowsheets. The degree of process nonlinearity is analyzed qualitatively based on the residue curve map and the boiling point ranking and it can be computed quantitatively based on the fraction of “sign reversal” for all tray temperatures or based on Allgower's nonlinearity measure. These measures provide useful information to the potential problems in closed‐loop control. Next, a systematic design procedure is proposed to devise control structures for all three types of flowsheets for these five esterification systems. The simulation results reveal that reasonable control can be achieved for all five systems with different degrees of asymmetry in closed‐loop responses as predicted by the nonlinearity measures. Dual‐temperature control and one‐temperature/one‐composition control are studied. Simulation results clearly show that the simple decentralized control provides a workable solution for highly nonlinear reactive distillation columns under various flowsheet configurations. © 2005 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2006
Clinical and pathological characterization of progressive aphasia
Authors: Knibb Jonathan A. , Xuereb John H. , Patterson Karalyn , Hodges John R. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjectiveThe clinical and neuropathological categorization of patients presenting with progressive aphasia is an area of controversy. This study aimed to characterize a large group of progressive aphasic patients from a single center (n = 38), first clinically by case note review, and then pathologically.MethodsHierarchical cluster analysis of the cases according to their clinical language deficits was used to establish an unbiased, data‐driven classification.ResultsThis analysis revealed two groups of cases corresponding to the syndromes of progressive nonfluent aphasia (n = 23) and semantic dementia (n = 15). Postmortem analysis showed a majority in both groups of pathologies from the spectrum of frontotemporal lobar degeneration: the most frequent were non–Alzheimer's disease (AD) tauopathy in the nonfluent cases (10 of 23) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration with ubiquitin‐positive, tau‐negative inclusions in the fluent cases (8 of 15). Despite rigorous exclusion of cases with clinically significant memory deficits or other cognitive impairments, the pathology of AD was present in approximately one third of each group (overall 12 of 38), although often with an atypical neuroanatomical distribution.InterpretationProgressive aphasia is best seen as a composite of two conditions, on both clinical and pathological levels: progressive nonfluent aphasia and semantic dementia. Ann Neurol 2006;59:156–165
Study on antibacterial behavior of insoluble quaternary ammonium
Authors: Jiang Shan , Wang Li , Yu Haojie , Chen Ying , Shi Quan 
Published: December 2005

AbstractInsoluble crosslinked polystyrenes (PS) grafted with different quaternary ammonium groups were synthesized as antibacterial agents. Their antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus were investigated by a colony count method. It was found that when the concentration of the insoluble antibacterial agent was low, the antibacterial activity was different from that of the typical soluble antibacterial agent. The antibacterial activity was bacteriostatic rather than bactericidal. A model for explanation of the antibacterial activity of the insoluble ammonium salt was set up. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2006