bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sense of coherence moderates job demand‐resources and impact on burnout among nurses and midwives in the context of the COVID‐19 pandemic: A cross‐sectional survey
Authors: Paterson C. , Davis D. , Roberts C. , Bail K. , Wallis E. , Northam H. L. , Frost J. , Jojo N. , McGrory C. , Dombkins A. , Kavanagh P. S. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimThis study aimed to test the propositions using the job demands‐resources (JD‐R) model for main/moderation/mediation effects of a sense of coherence and practice environment support on mental well‐being (anxiety, depression and burnout) outcomes in nurses and midwives in Australia during the COVID‐19 pandemic.DesignCross‐sectional quantitative survey.Data SourcesThe study was a cross‐sectional design using self‐report questionnaires reported as per the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology Guidelines. Following human research ethics approval (2020.ETH.00121) participants were recruited to take part in an online anonymous survey using self‐report instruments to test the JD‐R model in Australia.Results156 participant nurses and midwives experienced anxiety, depression and emotional burnout during COVID‐19. While a considerable proportion of participants indicated high levels of emotional exhaustion, their responses showed low levels of depersonalization (detached response to other people) and high levels of personal accomplishment (high levels of work performance and competence). A sense of coherence was a significant protective factor for mental health well‐being for the participants, which is to say, high levels of sense of coherence were predictive of lower levels of anxiety, depression and burnout in this study sample.ConclusionIt is evident that both nursing and midwifery professions require psychosocial support to preserve their health both in the short and long term. Ensuring individualized tailored support will require a layered response within organizations aimed at individual self‐care and collegial peer support.Patient or Public ContributionThere was no patient or public contribution in this study, as the focus was on nurses and midwives.
SIRT2‐mediated deacetylation of ACLY promotes the progression of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Xueying , Xu Yue , Li Shenglei , Qin Yue , Zhu Guangzhao , Zhang Qing , Zhang Yanting , Guan Fangxia , Fan Tianli , Liu Hongtao 
Published: March 2024

AbstractATP citrate lyase (ACLY), as a key enzyme in lipid metabolism, plays an important role in energy metabolism and lipid biosynthesis of a variety of tumours. Many studies have shown that ACLY is highly expressed in various tumours, and its pharmacological or gene inhibition significantly inhibits tumour growth and progression. However, the roles of ACLY in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remain unclear. Here, our data showed that ACLY inhibitor significantly attenuated cell proliferation, migration, invasion and lipid synthesis in different ESCC cell lines, whereas the proliferation, migration, invasion and lipid synthesis of ESCC cells were enhanced after ACLY overexpression. Furthermore, ACLY inhibitor dramatically suppressed tumour growth and lipid metabolism in ESCC cells xenografted tumour model, whereas ACLY overexpression displayed the opposite effect. Mechanistically, ACLY protein harboured acetylated modification and interacted with SIRT2 protein in ESCC cells. The SIRT2 inhibitor AGK2 significantly increased the acetylation level of ACLY protein and inhibited the proliferation and migration of ESCC cells, while overexpression of ACLY partially reversed the inhibitory effect of AGK2 on ESCC cells. Overall, these results suggest that targeting the SIRT2/ACLY signalling axis may be a potential therapeutic strategy for ESCC patients.
CDDO regulates central and peripheral sensitization to attenuate post‐herpetic neuralgia by targeting TRPV1/PKC‐δ/p‐Akt signals
Authors: Lu Chun‐Ching , Lin Chia‐Yang , Lu Ying‐Yi , Tsai Hung‐Pei , Lin Chih‐Lung , Wu Chieh‐Hsin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPostherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is a notorious neuropathic pain featuring persistent profound mechanical hyperalgesia with significant negative impact on patients' life quality. CDDO can regulate inflammatory response and programmed cell death. Its derivative also protects neurons from damages by modulating microglia activities. As a consequence of central and peripheral sensitization, applying neural blocks may benefit to minimize the risk of PHN. This study aimed to explore whether CDDO could generate analgesic action in a PHN‐rats' model. The behavioural test was determined by calibrated forceps testing. The number of apoptotic neurons and degree of glial cell reaction were assessed by immunofluorescence assay. Activation of PKC‐δ and the phosphorylation of Akt were measured by western blots. CDDO improved PHN by decreasing TRPV1‐positive nociceptive neurons, the apoptotic neurons, and reversed glial cell reaction in adult rats. It also suppressed the enhanced PKC‐δ and p‐Akt signalling in the sciatic nerve, dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and spinal dorsal horn. Our research is the promising report demonstrating the analgesic and neuroprotective action of CDDO in a PHN‐rat's model by regulating central and peripheral sensitization targeting TRPV1, PKC‐δ and p‐Akt. It also is the first study to elucidate the role of oligodendrocyte in PHN.
A systematic review on deep learning‐based automated cancer diagnosis models
Authors: Tandon Ritu , Agrawal Shweta , Rathore Narendra Pal Singh , Mishra Abhinava K. , Jain Sanjiv Kumar 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDeep learning is gaining importance due to its wide range of applications. Many researchers have utilized deep learning (DL) models for the automated diagnosis of cancer patients. This paper provides a systematic review of DL models for automated diagnosis of cancer patients. Initially, various DL models for cancer diagnosis are presented. Five major categories of cancers such as breast, lung, liver, brain and cervical cancer are considered. As these categories of cancers have a very high percentage of occurrences with high mortality rate. The comparative analysis of different types of DL models is drawn for the diagnosis of cancer at early stages by considering the latest research articles from 2016 to 2022. After comprehensive comparative analysis, it is found that most of the researchers achieved appreciable accuracy with implementation of the convolutional neural network model. These utilized the pretrained models for automated diagnosis of cancer patients. Various shortcomings with the existing DL‐based automated cancer diagnosis models are also been presented. Finally, future directions are discussed to facilitate further research for automated diagnosis of cancer patients.
Commentary: Early intervention for conduct problems as a child protection strategy – reflections on Nobakht et al. (2023)
Authors: Hawes David J. 
Published: March 2024

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), including child maltreatment and interparental aggression, are known to have far‐reaching consequences for mental health across the lifespan. Emerging evidence, such as that reported by Nobakht et al. (Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2023), indicates that child conduct problems (e.g. oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder) may not only result from adversity but also contribute to it through transactional cascades that amplify risk for adversity over time. This commentary addresses some of the key implications of this evidence for translation into practice. It is argued that child conduct problems can be viewed as modifiable determinants of adversity and that the early identification and treatment of child conduct problems may allow for the early identification and reduction of risk for numerous ACEs.
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar do not prioritize digestion when energetic budgets are constrained by warming and hypoxia
Authors: Nuic Barbara , Bowden Alyssa , Franklin Craig E. , Cramp Rebecca L. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDuring summer, farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) can experience prolonged periods of warming and low aquatic oxygen levels due to climate change. This often results in a drop in feed intake; however, the physiological mechanism behind this behaviour is unclear. Digestion is a metabolically expensive process that can demand a high proportion of an animal's energy budget and might not be sustainable under future warming scenarios. We investigated the effects of elevated temperature and acute hypoxia on specific dynamic action (SDA; the energetic cost of digestion), and how much of the energy budget (i.e. aerobic scope, AS) was occupied by SDA in juvenile Atlantic salmon. AS was 9% lower in 21°C‐acclimated fish compared to fish reared at their optimum temperature (15°C) and was reduced by ~50% by acute hypoxia (50% air saturation) at both temperatures. Furthermore, we observed an increase in peak oxygen uptake rate during digestion which occupied ~13% of the AS at 15°C and ~20% of AS at 21°C, and increased the total cost of digestion at 21°C. The minimum oxygen tolerance threshold in digesting fish was ~42% and ~53% at 15 and 21°C, respectively, and when digesting fish were exposed to acute hypoxia, gut transit was delayed. Thus, these stressors result in a greater proportion of the available energy budget being directed away from digestion. Moderate environmental hypoxia under both optimal and high temperatures severely impedes digestion and should be avoided to limit exacerbating temperature effects on fish growth.
Performance of the Asia–Pacific Colorectal Screening score in stratifying the risk of advanced colorectal neoplasia: A meta‐analysis and systematic review
Authors: Luu Mai Ngoc , Trinh Nhi Ai , Tran Truc Le Thanh , Dang Thinh Phuong , Hiyama Toru , Quach Duc Trong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackground and AimThis study systematically reviewed and meta‐analyzed the performance of the Asia–Pacific Colorectal Screening (APCS) score and its incorporation with the fecal immunochemical test (FIT) in stratifying the risk of advanced colorectal neoplasia (ACN).MethodsWe systematically searched for relevant articles in 12 electronic databases and registers on October 20, 2021, and updated the search to September 1, 2023. Random‐effect models were used to obtain the pooled performance statistics of the APCS score for ACN risk.ResultsFrom the 101 records screened, 13 eligible studies in the Asia–Pacific region involving 69 762 subjects who had undergone colonoscopy were enrolled. The pooled prevalences of ACN in the average‐risk (AR) tier (APCS 0–1), moderate‐risk (MR) tier (APCS 2–3), and high‐risk (HR) tier (APCS ≥ 4) groups were 0.9%, 3.1%, and 8.1%, respectively. Compared with the combined AR–MR group, the HR group was significantly associated with a higher ACN risk (pooled diagnostic odds ratio: 2.84, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.35–3.45, P < 0.001). The APCS score showed a sensitivity of 0.42 (95% CI: 0.40–0.44) and a specificity of 0.86 (95% CI: 0.85–0.86) for predicting the ACN risk, with a weighted area under the curve of 0.642 (95% CI: 0.610–0.657). The combination of the APCS score and FIT substantially improved ACN risk identification, demonstrating pooled diagnostic odds ratios of 4.02 (95% CI: 2.50–6.49) in the AR–MR groups and 5.44 (95% CI: 1.89–15.63) in the MR–HR groups.ConclusionsThe APCS score could effectively stratify the ACN risk in the Asia–Pacific population. Incorporating FIT further improves its performance in identifying high‐risk subjects who should be prioritized for colonoscopy screenings.
Comparative efficacy of non‐pharmacological interventions on sleep quality in old adults: A systematic review and network meta‐analysis
Authors: Chang Hui , Chen Yundi , Wang Zhiwen 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAims and ObjectivesTo compare the effectiveness of non‐pharmacological interventions in enhancing sleep quality in older people.BackgroundSleep problems in older adults have become increasingly prominent. Sleep problems not only affect the health and quality of life of older people, but also the range of chronic diseases caused by sleep problems also impose a huge burden on social services and health care. Non‐pharmacological interventions are an effective alternative to pharmacological therapies, but it is unclear which non‐pharmacological therapies are most effective in enhancing sleep quality in older adults.DesignA systematic review and network meta‐analysis based on PRISMA‐NMA.MethodsA total of seven databases were searched from the establishment of the database to March 2023. After literature screening and data extraction, the Cochrane Bias assessment tool 2.0 version of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) was used to evaluate literature quality. A network meta‐analysis was performed to evaluate the relative efficacy of the non‐pharmacological interventions on sleep quality.ResultsA total of 71 RCTs involving nine non‐pharmacological interventions were included. The results of the network meta‐analysis showed that the joint intervention may be the most effective non‐pharmacological intervention to enhance sleep quality in older adults.ConclusionThis study confirms that non‐pharmacological interventions can improve sleep quality in older adults. The use of non‐pharmacological interventions can be promoted by healthcare professionals in the future to improve the quality of sleep and thus the physical and mental health of older people.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThis evidence suggests that joint interventions may be most effective. Therefore, in the future, a combination of non‐pharmacological interventions could be used to maximise their effectiveness in improving sleep quality in older people and promoting healthy aging.No Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution is not applicable to this study.
Local labor market effects of offshoring: Evidence from the US Trade Adjustment Assistance program
Authors: Im Hyejoon , Shen Yang , Yoo Myunghwan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe explore the wage effects of offshoring‐induced employment shocks in US commuting zones (CZs) and industries. Using data on petitions for the Trade Adjustment Assistance (TAA), we measure such shocks by computing the share of TAA‐certified offshoring‐induced layoffs out of total employment. We further identify material‐offshoring shocks and service‐offshoring shocks and connect the TAA data to individual‐level worker data from the American Community Survey. Empirical results show statistically significant and negative wage effects of the CZ‐level offshoring shocks, especially for service offshoring. On the contrary, we find positive wage effects of industry‐level offshoring shocks in industries exposed to both types of offshoring. Furthermore, we show that offshoring is associated with the widening gender wage gap in local labor markets and that workers in production and highly‐offshorable occupations are more vulnerable to the CZ‐level offshoring shocks.
A novel ITGA2B double cytosine frameshift variant (c.1986_1987insCC) leads to Glanzmann's thrombasthenia in a cat
Authors: Rivas Victor N. , Tan Avalene W. K. , Shaverdian Meg , Nguyen Nghi P. , Wouters Jalena R. , Stern Joshua A. , Li Ronald H. L. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundGlanzmann's thrombasthenia (GT) is a congenital platelet disorder affecting approximately 1:1 000 000 people globally and characterized by impaired platelet aggregation and clot retraction. Autosomal recessive, loss‐of‐function, variants in ITGA2B or ITGB3 of the αIIbβ3 receptor cause the disease in humans. A cat affected by Glanzmann's and macrothrombocytopenia was presented to the UC Davis VMTH.Hypothesis/ObjectivesSevere thrombopathia in this cat has an underlying genetic etiology.AnimalsA single affected patient, 2 age‐matched clinically healthy controls, and a geriatric population (n = 20) of normal cats.MethodsPhysical examination and clinical pathology tests were performed on the patient. Flow cytometry and platelet aggregometry analyses for patient phenotyping were performed. Patient and validation cohort gDNA samples were extracted for Sanger sequencing of a previously identified ITGA2B (c.1986delC) variant. Reverse transcriptase PCR was performed on patient and healthy control PRP samples to verify ITGA2B variant consequence.ResultsA novel c.1986_1987insCC autosomal recessive variant in ITGA2B was identified. This variant was absent in a population of 194 unrelated cats spanning 44 different breeds. Complete loss of ITGA2B transcript and protein expression was verified by RT‐PCR and flow cytometry, explaining the underlying etiology of GT, and likely macrothrombocytopenia, in this cat.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceThis study emphasizes the role of precision medicine in cardiovascular disease of cats and identified yet another variant that may be of utility for screening in the feline population. This study provides a small‐volume, standardized, successful protocol for adequate platelet RNA isolation and subsequent molecular assessment of gene expression in cats.
Irregular migration and social inclusion and exclusion: The case of Ciudad Juárez
Authors: Payan Tony , Delgado‐Hernández Karla Iroazem 
Published: March 2024

AbstractRecent years have seen several waves of irregular migrants and asylum seekers from many different countries transit through Mexico and arrive at the US–Mexico border. Although the goal of these migrants is to cross into the United States, many find themselves stranded on the Mexican side of the border for various reasons, forced to insert themselves in its cities' urban spaces and activities. Their presence has forced government actors, the public and civil society organizations, and market players to deal with them. Each of these actors deploys different strategies to deal with the migrants' presence, all of which can be pinned on a spectrum of inclusion and exclusion, according to their interests and perception of the migrants' station in their midst. This article examines the practices of social inclusion and exclusion of migrants in Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, Mexico, based on concepts by Bramley and Power, and outlines the challenges of inclusion for migrants and residents as both perceive their sojourn in the city as mainly transitory.
Global burden of acute hepatitis E between 1990 and 2019 and projections until 2030
Authors: Ouyang Guoqing , Pan Guangdong , Li Qiuyun , Li Shuang , Liu Tao , Yi Xiaolei , Liu Zhipeng 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsAcute hepatitis E (AHE) is still a public health issue worldwide. Here, we report the global burden of AHE in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019 by age, sex and socio‐demographic index (SDI), and predict the future trends to 2030.MethodsData on AHE were collected from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries and Risk Factors Study 2019. The average annual percentage change (AAPC) and joinpoint analysis were used to determine the burden trend.ResultsIn 2019, there were 19.47 million (95% UI, 16.04 to 23.37 million) incident cases of AHE globally, with a 19% increase since 1990. Age‐standardized rate (ASR) of disability‐adjusted life years (DALYs), prevalent and incident cases declined from 1990 to 2019. In 2019, the ASR of incidence, prevalence and DALYs due to HEV infection were highest in the same regions of South Asia for both sexes. Southern Sub‐Saharan Africa presented the highest increases in the ASR for incidence of HEV infection in both males (AAPC = .25) and females (AAPC = .24) from 1990 to 2019. Incident cases are higher in males than females before 55–59 years old. The SDI values were negatively correlated with the age‐standardized DALYs. Between 2019 and 2030, the ASR for incidence and prevalence of HEV for both sexes showed an increasing trend.ConclusionsAlthough the overall ASR of AHE decreased, the burden of AHE remains an underappreciated problem for society. The findings may provide useful information for policymakers to develop appropriate strategies aimed at reducing the burden of AHE.
Is plant acoustic communication fact or fiction?
Authors: Son Jin‐Soo , Jang Seonghan , Mathevon Nicolas , Ryu Choong‐Min 
Published: March 2024

SummaryIn recent years, the idea has flourished that plants emit and perceive sound and could even be capable of exchanging information through the acoustic channel. While research into plant bioacoustics is still in its infancy, with potentially fascinating discoveries awaiting ahead, here we show that the current knowledge is not conclusive. While plants do emit sounds under biotic and abiotic stresses such as drought, these sounds are high‐pitched, of low intensity, and propagate only to a short distance. Most studies suggesting plant sensitivity to airborne sound actually concern the perception of substrate vibrations from the soil or plant part. In short, while low‐frequency, high‐intensity sounds emitted by a loudspeaker close to the plant seem to have tangible effects on various plant processes such as growth – a finding with possible applications in agriculture – it is unlikely that plants can perceive the sounds they produce, at least over long distances. So far, there is no evidence of plants communicating with each other via the acoustic channel.
Exploring the frontier of rapid prototyping technologies for plant synthetic biology and what could lie beyond
Authors: Morey Kevin , Khakhar Arjun 
Published: March 2024

SummaryRealizing the full potential of plant synthetic biology both to elucidate the relationship between genotype and phenotype and to apply these insights to engineer traits requires rapidly iterating through design‐build‐test cycles. However, the months‐long process of transgenesis, the long generation times, and the size‐based limitations on experimentation have stymied progress by limiting the speed and scale of these cycles. Herein, we review a representative sample of recent studies that demonstrate a variety of rapid prototyping technologies that overcome some of these bottlenecks and accelerate progress. However, each of them has caveats that limit their broad utility. Their complementary strengths and weaknesses point to the intriguing possibility that these strategies could be combined in the future to enable rapid and scalable deployment of synthetic biology in plants.
Assessing the immediate impact of Twin‐block appliance insertion on adolescents' sleep using a wearable device
Authors: Saifeldin Hatem , Negm Ibrahim M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis prospective clinical study aimed to evaluate the immediate impact of Twin‐block appliance insertion on the sleep of adolescents using a wearable device.Materials and MethodsA total of 24 girls, aged 11‐13 years, with Class II division 1 molar relationship, skeletal class 2 malocclusion (ANB ≥5) and overjet measuring ≥5 mm were selected. Exclusion criteria included a history of previous orthodontic treatment, systemic disease, irregular sleep pattern, obstructive sleep apnea, medical history of breathing disorders, or concurrent use of medications. Participants wore a wearable device to measure sleep parameters, including deep sleep, light sleep, minutes awake during sleep, wake‐up times, bedtimes and total sleep times. The participants wore the device for 10 days prior to Twin‐block insertion and sleep data were collected for another 10 days after insertion.ResultsFollowing the insertion of the Twin‐block appliance, there was a highly statistically significant shift in bedtime and wake‐up time to later hours (P < .001). All participants experienced a highly significant delay in bedtime compared to the recommended 10 pm time (P < .001). Additionally, there was a significant increase in the duration of light sleep (P < .05). However, the effect on deep sleep, minutes awake during sleep and sleep duration was not statistically significant. None of the sleep parameters tested showed statistically significant changes between the first 5 days after Twin‐block insertion with the subsequent 5 days.ConclusionThe immediate insertion of the Twin‐block appliance disrupts sleep onset, wake‐up time and light sleep during the specified period of 10 days.