bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alternatives to Social Security
Authors: Midgley James , Sherraden Michael W. 
Published: March 2024

Few days pass without front page newspaper articles about the disarray in the American social security system and the oncoming crisis of exploding costs and imbalance between workers and retirees. New proposals to address these issues constantly surface from presidential candidates, Congress, and interest groups. Yet, few recognize that in the second half of the twentieth century, there has been a global expansion of social security systems, and there may be lessons to be learned from other societies. This collection of essays is designed to examine the diverse approaches developed in Australia, Britain, Chile, Hong Kong, Kenya, and Singapore. By analyzing different approaches—and different degrees of success—those debating public policy may find alternatives that can be adapted to meet American social needs.
Midgley and Sherraden have drawn together experts on the systems developed in Australia, Britain, Chile, Hong Kong, Kenya, and Singapore; they explore the different approaches—and the different degrees of success—these societies have confronted. An international perspective can enhance understanding of the problems and offer a sound basis for evaluating policy proposals that may reform the social security system. Scholars, researchers, policymakers, and the reading public will find this a stimulating collection. As Senator John Breaux notes, This book is essential reading for anyone serious about addressing the inevitable problems that will face the U.S. Social Security system.
American Culture
Authors: Naylor Larry 
Published: March 2024

America, like other modern nations, is characterized by its diversity and can be seen as a complex and fragmented nation-state. Yet an American culture defined by those beliefs, and behaviors that all Americans do share, irrespective of their other cultural affiliations, does exist. This book presents an innovative approach to the issues and aspects in the study of America's unique culture.
The real diversity of America is lost in the practice of categorizing people into social (racial or ethnic) groups and then attributing culture to them. While not an exhaustive treatment of the culture, this volume serves as a point of departure for discussions of American culture in a variety of courses both within and outside the discipline of anthropology. Each chapter is accompanied by suggested readings to enable the student to pursue a more in-depth study of any individual topic.
The American Ritual Tapestry
Authors: Deegan Mary Jo 
Published: March 2024

American rituals are vital to the creation and renewal of cultural meanings and rules for social interaction. These rituals are rooted in tradition yet are rapidly changing: a contradiction of hyper-modern society. This phenomenon was first explored by Professor Deegan in her 1989 study American Ritual Dramas. The theory examines both participatory rituals and mass-media rituals to show how everyday people become attached to and alienated from other rituals. Elaborating on the critical dramaturgy theory, the essays in this collection show how patterns can be changed to create a more emancipatory and celebratory society.
The topics covered in the collection include an analysis of Santa Claus, skinheads, hate crimes, and strip dancing, among other topics. Each contributor has participated in these rituals and many examine related cultural artifacts such as music, brochures, and so forth. As the essays show, postmodern theory has gratly underestimated the power and coherence of these events. An important study for scholars and other researchers involved with sociological theory, social psychology, and popular culture.
Campaign and Election Reform
Authors: Utter Glenn H. , Strickland Ruth Ann 
Published: March 2024

This handbook provides a sweeping overview of U.S. campaign and election reform efforts, past and present, from the introduction of the secret ballot to touch-screen voting.
Emphasizing the major electoral reforms since 2000, this second edition of Campaign and Election Reform investigates the development of the American electoral system from colonial times to the present. It chronicles efforts to expand suffrage, reform campaign financing, and prevent vote fraud, and traces the development of election technology from the paper ballot to the lever voting machine, from the punch-card ballot to the optical-scan and touch-screen systems.
The book also explores alternative voting systems, such as preference voting and proportional representation, and compares the U.S. electoral process with the voting systems of selected European democracies. Campaign and Election Reform, Second Edition is essential reading for any citizen who wants to understand the U.S. electoral system, what's wrong with it, and how it might be fixed.
Contemporary African American Female Playwrights
Authors: Williams Dana A. 
Published: March 2024

Lorraine Hansberry's A Raisin in the Sun (1959) was a major dramatic success and brought to the world's attention the potential talent of African American women playwrights. But in spite of Hansberry's landmark contribution, both the theater and the literary world have often failed to include contemporary African American female playwrights within the circle of production, publication, and criticism. In African American drama anthologies, female playwrights are seldom given the degree of attention that is accorded their male counterparts. And because of space constraints, anthologies of works by women playwrights are forced to exclude numerous female dramatists, including African Americans. Meanwhile, some scholars have argued that the works of African American female playwrights are seldom produced in the mainstream theater because these plays frequently challenge the views of white America. But as A Raisin in the Sun demonstrates, plays by African American women dramatists can have a powerful message and are worthy of attention.
A comprehensive research tool, this annotated bibliography sheds light on the often neglected works of contemporary African American female playwrights. Included within its scope are those dramatists who have had at least one work published since 1959, the year of Hansberry's monumental achievement. The first section provides a listing of anthologies that include one or more plays written by an African American female dramatist. The second gives entries for reference works and for scholarly and critical studies of the dramatists and their plays. The third presents a listing of published plays by individual dramatists, along with a summary of each drama; the works of each playwright that are related to drama; and secondary sources that treat the dramatists and their plays. Entries are accompanied by concise but informative annotations, and the volume closes with a list of periodicals that frequently publish criticism of African American female playwrights, a section of brief biographical sketches of the dramatists, and extensive indexes.
Costa Rica
Authors: Mitchell Meg Tyler , Pentzer Scott 
Published: March 2024

This work is a fascinating guide to one of Latin America's most stable and progressive nations, examining the country's development, unique features, and the challenges Costa Ricans face in the 21st century.
Costa Rica: A Global Studies Handbook offers readers an authoritative tour of a remarkable country, tracing its historical development from pre-Colombian inhabitants and Spanish colonization through rising prosperity in the mid-19th century to current struggles to define itself economically and politically.
Costa Rica combines narrative chapters on the nation's history and the current state of its political, social, and cultural institutions with alphabetically organized entries covering important people, places, and events in its development. Throughout, the authors, drawing on extensive research and their own experiences, highlight the many ways Costa Rica is different from its neighbors, as well as the challenges the country faces in the 21st century's globalized world.
Mainline Christians and U.S. Public Policy
Authors: Utter Glenn H. 
Published: March 2024

This insightful reference work explores the relationship between mainline Christian denominations and U.S. politics and public policy, from colonial times to the present.
Mainline Christian Values and U.S. Public Policy: A Reference Handbook provides a revealing and unbiased look at the emergence of Christian denominations as a political force, primarily from the late 19th century to the present.
The book examines the origins, development, current organization and activities, and future prospects of nine mainline U.S. denominations: the American Baptist Churches in the U.S.A., the Catholic Church, the Christian Church, the Episcopal Church, the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, the Presbyterian Church, the Reformed Church in America, the United Church of Christ, and the United Methodist Church. Readers will encounter a surprising variety of Christian voices offering a range of positions on the Iraq War, abortion, same-sex marriage, global warming, stem-cell research, the death penalty, and other controversial issues.
The Music and Dance of the World's Religions
Authors: Rust E. 
Published: March 2024

Despite the world-wide association of music and dance with religion, this is the first full-length study of the subject from a global perspective. The work consists of 3,816 references divided among 37 chapters. It covers tribal, regional, and global religions and such subjects as shamanism, liturgical dance, healing, and the relationship of music, mathematics, and mysticism. The referenced materials display such diverse approaches as analysis of music and dance, description of context, direct experience, observation, and speculation. The references address topics from such disciplines as sociology, anthropology, history, linguistics, musicology, ethnomusicology, theology, medicine, semiotics, and computer technology.
Chapter 1 consists of general references to religious music and dance. The remaining 36 chapters are organized according to major geographical areas. Most chapters begin with general reference works and bibliographies, then continue with topics specific to the region or religion. This book will be of use to anyone with an interest in music, dance, religion, or culture.
Nuclear Weapons and Nonproliferation
Authors: Diehl Sarah J. , Moltz James Clay 
Published: March 2024

An updated edition of ABC-CLIO’s classic reference book on nuclear arms programs and proliferation in nations around the world.
Fully updated and revised since its initial publication, Nuclear Weapons and Nonproliferation, Second Edition explores all key issues related to the proliferation of nuclear weapons and efforts to curb them, from the U.S. atomic bomb project during World War II to current debates on nuclear terrorism, North Korea’s nuclear test, and Iran’s enrichment program.
Nuclear Weapons and Nonproliferation, Second Edition clarifies weapons-related policy debates from both U.S. and international perspectives, offering a detailed look at current technologies, arsenals, weapons tests, and nonproliferation efforts. Readers will find expert analysis of such crucial recent events as Libya’s disarmament, the failed WMD search in Iraq, A.Q. Khan’s nuclear technology black market, “dirty bombs,” developments in North Korea and Iran, and the U.S. plan to aid India’s nuclear program—plus recent progress (or lack thereof) on a range of treaties and initiatives.
FOCA: a new quality-controlled database of floods and catchment descriptors in Italy
Authors: Claps Pierluigi , Evangelista Giulia , Ganora Daniele , Mazzoglio Paola , Monforte Irene 
Published: March 2024

Abstract. Here we present FOCA (Italian FlOod and Catchment Atlas), the first systematic collection of data on Italian river catchments for which historical discharge time series are available. Hydrometric information, including the annual maximum peak discharge and average daily annual maximum discharge, is complemented by several geomorphological, climatological, extreme rainfall, land-cover and soil-related catchment attributes. All hydrological information derives from the most recently released datasets of discharge and rainfall measurements. To enhance the reproducibility and transferability of the analysis, this paper provides a description of all the raw data and the algorithms used to build the basin attribute dataset. We also describe the approaches adopted to solve problems encountered during the digital elevation model elaboration in areas characterized by a complex morphology. Details about the data quality-control procedure developed to detect and correct errors are also reported. One of the main novelties of FOCA with respect to other national-scale datasets is the inclusion of a rich set of geomorphological attributes and extreme rainfall features for a large set of basins covering a wide range of elevations and areas. Using this first nationwide data collection (available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10446258, Claps et al., 2023), a wide range of environmental applications, with a particular focus on flood studies, can be undertaken within the Italian territory.
Von Stadt, Land, Fluss zur Nachhaltigkeitskunde: (Irr-)Wege der Ausgestaltung des Fachwissens in den Berliner Geographielehrplänen der letzten drei Jahrzehnte
Authors: Bagoly-Simó Péter 
Published: March 2024

Abstract. Sustainable development is of equal concern to Geography as an academic discipline and Geography Education. Given Geography's explicit conceptual and thematic affinity to sustainable development, various professional organizations developed normative documents proclaiming Geography to the main carrier subject of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD). The aim of this paper is to explore what effects the special proximity of school Geography to the promotion of ESD has on the design of geographical specialist knowledge. Lower secondary Geography curricula (1992–2022) of the federal state of Berlin served as sample for content analysis. Viewed in light of work from the History of Education, Sociology of Education, and Subject Education, the results show a progressive loss of disciplinary identity accompanied by a concurrent shift in focus from factual judgments to value judgments.
INTERFERÊNCIA DO APOIO PROFISSIONAL NO ALEITAMENTO MATERNO: REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Karoline Almeida dos Santos Lira Kellen , Batatinha de Castro Silva Monalisa , Duarte de Sena Fraga Chalana , Patrícia do Nascimento Paixão Gilvânia , Pina Santos Linhares Tatiane , Cecília Pimentel de Melo Mônica 
Published: March 2024

Objetivo: Avaliar estudos clínicos que buscaram verificar a interferência do apoio profissional no aleitamento materno. Método: Revisão sistemática da literatura, cadastrada no PROSPERO, sob o registro CRD42021240399, que analisou ensaios clínicos disponíveis nas bases de dados Pubmed, Embase, SciELO, Bireme e CINAHL. Utilizou-se da PICOT como estratégia de busca, em que P corresponde a estudos que envolvam mulheres lactantes; I, ensaios clínicos randomizados que abordem algum tipo de acompanhamento profissional em relação ao AM; C, comparação em grupo ou individual, com grupo controle e experimental; O, manutenção do AM; e T, ensaios clínicos randomizados. Incluíram-se ensaios clínicos randomizados que tinham o objetivo de investigar como o apoio profissional interfere no aleitamento materno e excluíram-se estudos que configuraram análise secundária de ensaios clínicos prévios ou que não respondessem à questão do estudo. Identificaram-se 131 estudos e, após análise, oito estudos foram incluídos para análise final. Resultados: Os oito estudos analisados tratavam sobre intervenções de apoio profissional. Destes, cinco apontaram relevância estatística entre grupos após intervenção de apoio profissional no que diz respeito às taxas de aleitamento materno exclusivo e à manutenção deste. Conclusão: As intervenções de apoio profissional foram apontadas como benéficas para promover a autoeficácia do aleitamento materno.
Rentabilidad social de las cadenas de televisión generalistas españolas. Aplicación del Indicador IRSCOM
Authors: Espinar Medina Lara , Barrera Jerez Laura , Chaparro Escudero Manuel 
Published: March 2024

Este trabajo determina el nivel de rentabilidad social de las cadenas españolas de televisión generalista, públicas y privadas: La 1, La 2, Antena3, Cuatro, Telecinco y La Sexta, a partir de la implementación de la metodología IRSCOM (Indicador de Rentabilidad Social en Comunicación)[1], que establece el nivel de compromiso de los medios audiovisuales con la ciudadanía desde la mirada del bien común en base a cinco campos de actividad: Gestión y Transparencia, Recursos Humanos, Articulación Territorial, Programación y Actividad Online. Parte de la fundamentación de que estos medios, en base al uso del espectro radioeléctrico, están sometidos a un uso responsable del mismo bajo la premisa del servicio público, si bien las políticas desreguladoras (LGCA 7/2010 y 13/2022) han convenido que esta exigencia sólo sea vinculante para los de titularidad pública. Los resultados de la investigación denotan un nivel bajo de rentabilidad social en las cadenas privadas y un nivel medio en las públicas. Las principales carencias se detectan en articulación territorial, programación e igualdad.

[1] Laboratorio de Comunicación y Cultura LabCOMandalucía, Universidad de Málaga. www.labcomandalucia.uma.es
Adapting O’Neill in Wartime China: Beyond the Horizon as Propaganda Drama
Authors: Chen Shuying 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
In 1941, as the War of Resistance against Japan raged on, a production of Eugene O’Neill’s Beyond the Horizon was staged in Chongqing, the wartime capital of China. The Chinese version, Look into the Distance adapted by playwright Li Qinghua, served as propaganda to mobilize the masses for war. Through analyzing the characterization, conflicts, and theme, this article explores how the adaptation attempts to reach Chinese audiences to rally patriotism and national consciousness. Drawing on Linda Hutcheon’s theory of adaptation, this article demonstrates that Look into the Distance situates the source text into the local reality of wartime China through creative appropriation and intertextual engagement. This article aims to bring the Chinese wartime production of Beyond the Horizon to broader critical attention and further contribute to the study of Eugene O’Neill’s global reach.
Cardiovascular calcification in hemodialysis patients: A Qatar-based prevalence and risk factors study
Authors: Ghonimi Tarek , Hamad Abdullah , Fouda Tarek , AlAli Fadwa , Ezzat Mohamad , Awad Mohamed , Ibrahim Rania , Amin Mohamed , Alkadi Mohamad , Al-Malki Hassan Ali 
Published: March 2024

Background: Patients with end-stage kidney disease on hemodialysis (HD) have an increased risk of death due to the high prevalence of cardiovascular disease. Vascular calcification (VC) is predictive of cardiovascular disease and mortality. We conducted a study to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors for VC in dialysis patients in Qatar.
Methods: This is a retrospective nationwide study including all chronic ambulatory dialysis patients in Qatar from 2020 to 2022. We used our national electronic medical record to track demographics, clinical characteristics, comorbidities, laboratory values, and diagnostic data for each patient. Calcifications were assessed by echocardiography (routinely done for all our dialysis population per national protocol), computed tomography, X-ray, and ultrasound. The study protocol was approved by the local medical research ethics committee (MRC-01-20-377).
Results: 842 HD patients were included in this study. Vascular calcifications (VC) were prevalent in 52.6% of patients. The main site of VC was Mitral valve calcifications in 55.5% of patients. Patients with VC were significantly older and had more prevalence of diabetes mellitus (p = 0.001 and p = 0.006, respectively). There was no statistically significant difference between patients with calcifications and patients without calcifications regarding serum calcium, phosphorus, and PTH level. In multivariate analysis, age and diabetes significantly increased the risk factor for calcification (95% CI 1.033–1.065, p < 0.0001, and 95% CI 1.128–2.272, p < 0001, respectively). Moreover, higher vitamin D levels and higher doses of IV Alfacalcidol were significant risk factors for calcifications (95% CI 1.005–1.030, p < 0.007, and 95% CI 1.092–1.270, p < 0.0001, respectively).
Conclusion: Our study found that vascular calcification was widespread among our dialysis population in Qatar. Implementing the practice of echocardiography in dialysis patients was extremely helpful and the most productive in detecting vascular calcification. Diabetes mellitus almost doubles the risk for vascular calcifications in dialysis patients. These results are beneficial in identifying risk factors for vascular calcification, which can help stratify dialysis patients’ risk of cardiovascular disease and optimize prevention efforts.
Catalytic NO<sub>x</sub> Aftertreatment—Towards Ultra-Low NO<sub>x</sub> Mobility
Authors: Sandhu Navjot , Yu Xiao , Zheng Ming 
Published: March 2024

Article
Catalytic NOx Aftertreatment—Towards Ultra-Low NOx Mobility

Navjot Sandhu * , Xiao Yu, and Ming Zheng

Department of Mechanical, Automotive and Materials Engineering, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada
* Correspondence: sandh12p@uwindsor.ca

Received: 26 January 2024
Accepted: 13 March 2024
Published: 20 March 2024

Abstract: The push for environmental protection and sustainability has led to strict emission regulations for automotive manufacturers as evident in EURO VII and EPA2027 requirements. The challenge lies in maintaining fuel efficiency and simultaneously reducing the carbon footprint while meeting future emission regulations. Nitrogen oxides represent one of the major and most regulated components of automotive emissions. The need to meet the stringent requirements regarding NOx emissions in both SI and CI engines has led to the development of a range of in-cylinder strategies and after-treatment techniques. In-cylinder NOx control strategies including charge dilution (fresh air and EGR), low-temperature combustion, and use of alternative fuels (as drop-in replacements or dual fuel operation) have proven to be highly effective in thermal NOx abatement. Aftertreatment methods are required to further reduce NOx emissions. Current catalytic aftertreatment systems for NOx mitigation in SI and CI engines include the three-way catalyst (TWC), selective catalytic reduction (SCR) and lean NOx trap (LNT). This review summarizes various approaches to NOx abatement in IC engines using aftertreatment catalysts. The mechanism, composition, operation parameters and recent advances in each after-treatment system are discussed in detail. The challenges to the current after-treatment scenario, such as cold start light off, catalyst poisoning and the limits of current aftertreatment solutions in relevance to the EURO VII and 2026 EPA requirements are highlighted. Lastly, recommendations are made for future aftertreatment systems to achieve ultra-low NOx emissions.