bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flickr: a case study of Web2.0
Authors: Cox Andrew M. 
Published: September 2008

PurposeThe “photosharing” site Flickr is one of the most commonly cited examples used to define Web2.0. This paper aims to explore where Flickr's real novelty lies, examining its functionality and its place in the world of amateur photography. Several optimistic views of the impact of Flickr such as its facilitation of citizen journalism, “vernacular creativity” and in learning as an “affinity space” are evaluated.Design/methodology/approachThe paper draws on a wide range of sources including published interviews with its developers, user opinions expressed in forums, telephone interviews and content analysis of user profiles and activity.FindingsFlickr's development path passes from an innovative social game to a relatively familiar model of a web site, itself developed through intense user participation but later stabilising with the reassertion of a commercial relationship to the membership. The broader context of the impact of Flickr is examined by looking at the institutions of amateur photography and particularly the code of pictorialism promoted by the clubs and industry during the twentieth century. The nature of Flickr as a benign space is premised on the way the democratic potential of photography is controlled by such institutions. The limits of optimistic claims about Flickr are identified in the way that the system is designed to satisfy commercial purposes, continuing digital divides in access and the low interactivity and criticality on Flickr.Originality/valueFlickr is an interesting source of change, but can only be understood in the perspective of long‐term development of the hobby and wider social processes. By setting Flickr in such a broad context, its significance and that of Web2.0 more generally can be fully assessed.
A framework for evaluating web sites of public authorities
Authors: Panopoulou Eleni , Tambouris Efthimios , Tarabanis Konstantinos 
Published: September 2008

PurposeIn this paper, the aim is to develop a framework for evaluating the web sites of public authorities. The proposed framework consists of four axes: two for assessing the general characteristics and content of the web sites (namely general characteristics and e‐content); and two for assessing specific functionalities addressing their governmental character (namely e‐services and e‐participation).Design/methodology/approachThe proposed framework is gradually built through a critical analysis of the two relevant domains, web site evaluation and e‐government. The methodology used in the case study includes the construction of an appropriate questionnaire for assessing the framework metrics. The practical use of the framework is demonstrated by means of a case study, namely evaluating the web sites of Greek public authorities at local and regional level.FindingsThe proposed framework presents a more holistic approach to e‐government web site evaluation, while the case study provides some interesting results with regards to the shortcomings of Greek public authority web sites.Research limitations/implicationsThe proposed framework could be further enhanced by incorporating an evaluation of the demand site of e‐government. Moreover, a more thorough approach with regard to privacy would have to include metrics to be answered directly by IT security personnel.Practical implicationsThe proposed framework can be used for evaluating the web sites of public authorities in a more comprehensive way. As an example, the case study reveals significant results of practical importance by indicating overall progress, aspects that are under‐developed, etc.Originality/valueThis paper provides a novel framework to e‐government web site evaluation that also considers e‐government services and e‐participation. We anticipate that it will be of interest to both researchers and practitioners alike.
Effect of pH and temperature on the performance of zinc anodes for a risk‐based storage tank management approach
Authors: Malik Hassan , Bin Ridzuan , Haruman Esa 
Published: September 2008

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to illustrate the complex nature of galvanic corrosion and how it is affected by various key factors related to material characteristics and material processing parameters. In particular, this study aims to explore the effect of pH and temperature on the integrity of a system galvanically protected through the use of zinc anodes.Design/methodology/approachThis study involved electrochemical testing at 24, 35 and 50°C in acidic and neutral solutions. As the environmental temperature and pH change the corrosion potential, galvanic potential and galvanic current may alter. This could influence the expected life of an anode used to protect processing equipment. Accordingly, the experimental design methodology involved collection of corrosion potential, galvanic current and galvanic potential data for zinc and zinc coupled to steel. This information was then used to calculate the life of zinc anodes at different temperatures and pH.FindingsResults indicate that changes in pH and temperature can influence the potential of zinc, the galvanic current in a steel couple and the galvanic potential of zinc joined to steel. Calculations based on the accumulation of these data have revealed that at constant pH as the temperature was decreased, the driving potential of the zinc increased. Through further analysis, it was found that as a consequence of changes in driving potential the integrity of a structure may be put at risk due to fluctuations in pH and temperature.Practical implicationsPractically the research can help predict whether the integrity of a structure protected by zinc sacrificial anodes is at risk depending upon changes in pH and temperature.Originality/valuePrevious work was related mainly to galvanic corrosion at one particular pH and temperature. In this investigation, a range of pH and temperature values was used for the application of zinc anodes. The paper will be of value to engineers involved in the design of cathodic protection systems for oil field equipment, where changes in the acidity of the environment may occur due to differing levels of CO2 and H2S entering a structure.
Electrochemical noise analysis of carbon steel in simulated concrete pore solution affected by CO2 and SO2 using wavelet transform
Authors: Reza Allahkaram Saeed , Khodayari Mehdi 
Published: September 2008

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to show that the use of energy distribution plot (EDP), usually employed by researchers to characterize the behavior of electrochemical signals in the framework of wavelet transform, could provide better understanding of the electrochemical behavior of a corroding surface if used along with the plot that is obtained from the standard deviation (SD) of partial signals (SDPS). A partial signal (PS) is obtained by limiting the inverse discrete wavelet transform to one crystal, and hence an SDPS is obtained by computing the SD of the corresponding PS.Design/methodology/approachThe electrochemical current signals, obtained from two identical working electrodes (carbon steel electrodes) exposed to simulated concrete pore solution, sparged simultaneously with SO2 and CO2 were studied using wavelet transforms.FindingsThe results show two steps of passive oxide layer formation: formation of defective passive oxide layer, and strengthening of the passive oxide layer. The passive oxide layer breakdown where CO2 as well as SO2 are involved occurred at a pH of approximately 11. Both the EDP and SDPS plots should be used, simultaneously, to characterize the processes occurring on the surfaces of the exposed electrodes.Practical implicationsThe results that were obtained can be regarded as the basis for better understanding and improvement of the noise analysis method.Originality/valueThis paper studies the corrosion behavior of carbon steel rebar before and after the simultaneous introduction of CO2 and SO2 gases in simulated pore solution, using EDP and SDPS plots obtained from the electrochemical current signals at different pH values.
Influence of potential on the structure and properties of microarc oxidation coating on Mg alloy
Authors: Shu‐hao Deng , Dan‐qing Yi , Zhu‐qing Gong , Yu‐chang Su 
Published: September 2008

PurposeTo obtain an optimized microarc oxidation (MAO) coating on magnesium alloy from an environmentally‐friendly electrolyte free of Cr6 +  and PO43− and to investigate the influence of oxidation potential on the morphology, composition, structure, and other properties such as micro‐hardness and corrosion resistance.Design/methodology/approachA constant potential regime was applied to produce the coatings and scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscope, X‐ray diffraction, hardness testing and electrochemical methods were used to study coating properties.FindingsThe results clearly show that oxidation potential plays an important role in the formation of coating structure and properties. The MAO coating is smooth and white and consists of two layers. The external layer is loose and porous and enriched in Al and Si. Moreover, the content of Al and Si increase with operated potential. The inner layer is compact and the content of Al and Si are lower than are those of the external layer. The coating is composed of several phases: the main phase is MgAl2O4/MgO, and the minor phase is Al2O3/SiO2 when the potential is higher. The micro‐hardness of the coating obtained a maximum at a potential of 45 V, as does the corrosion resistance.Originality/valueThis paper provides information relating to MAO technology and the morphology, structure and properties of MAO coatings.
Assessing the corrosivity of drilling mud on well casings
Authors: Almisned Omar 
Published: September 2008

PurposeCasing completion is an extremely important part of the process of drilling and completing an oil well. This paper aims to focus on measuring corrosivity caused by drilling mud on casing materials using a simple method.Design/methodology/approachIn this experimental study a simple method is used to determine the effect of drilling mud on the two widely used casing string materials in the oil industry, carbon steel and J‐55 alloy. The drilling mud was formulated using Saudi local clay deposits, where mud viscosity at different clay concentration was measured to show the effect of clay content on mud apparent viscosity, and select the best formulation. The average weight loss of each type of steel was measured to show the corrosion rates, caused by a drilling mud formulated using collected clay samples. Viscosity measurements are shown.FindingsCorrosion in dynamic tests is higher than in static tests, and the Saudi clay muds were less corrosive on J‐55 alloy than on carbon steel.Originality/valueThe assessment method is a simple and fast way to predict maximum and minimum corrosion while drilling.
Do “good” food products make others look “bad”?
Authors: Binnekamp Menno , Ingenbleek Paul 
Published: September 2008

PurposeThe objective of this study is to examine whether sustainability labels like Fair Trade have a spin‐off effect to mainstream products in the consumer perception: do consumers perceive mainstream products and brands more negatively in the presence of a product with a sustainability label?Design/methodology/approachFive scientific experiments were conducted to test the spin‐off effect of products with sustainability labels on evaluations of mainstream products. Experiments vary with respect to product category, label, respondents, and stimuli. Next, a focus group study was conducted to further explain the findings.FindingsThe results show that a spin‐off effect of sustainability labels in the consumer perception is unlikely. None of the experiments shows a significant spin‐off effect, neither directly, nor under the conditions of quality differences between supermarkets, search behaviour of consumers, presence of competing labels, and different involvement categories. Also, a variety of different types of stimuli (scenarios and visual) and research designs (experiments and focus group interviews) did not reveal the hypothesized effect.Research limitations/implicationsThe results imply that retailers' fears for a negative spin‐off effect of products with sustainability labels to the rest of the assortment hold little ground. Although the evidence is consistent over different designs, stimuli, contexts, and dependent variables, only a limited range of stimuli‐method combinations is tested.Originality/valueThis study is the first to investigate the existence of a spin‐off effect from products with a sustainability label to mainstream products.
Consumer satisfaction
Authors: Espejel Joel , Fandos Carmina , Flavián Carlos 
Published: September 2008

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyze the relationship between satisfaction, loyalty and buying intention as perceived by Spanish consumers. The food product object of analysis is the “Olive Oil from Bajo Aragon” with protected designation of origin (PDO).Design/methodology/approachFirstly, scale development was based on the review of the most relevant literature regarding food marketing and agribusiness. Then, to adapt the scales to the specific context of analysis, in‐depth interviews to a small sample of consumers were conducted, and the information contained in the preliminary scales was also judged by a group of experts in the food sector. After that, data were collected through a structured questionnaire, where the consumer was asked to indicate his/her level of agreement or disagreement with a series of statements based on a seven‐point Likert scale. After the completion of the fieldwork, a depuration process (exploratory and confirmatory analyses of reliability and dimensionality) was performed and, as a result, 223 valid questionnaires were obtained. Finally, a structural equations model was applied to analyze the relationships among consumer satisfaction, loyalty and buying intention.FindingsThe results show that a higher satisfaction leads to greater levels of loyalty and buying intention of the PDO “Olive Oil from Bajo Aragon”. In addition, in this specific context, the importance of consumers' perceptions regarding: the association of a traditional food product with a place of origin, territory, climate and know how of a geographical region; and the strict controls to which products under the protection are submitted by the regulatory councils were highlighted. Both aspects lead the consumer to infer a safety badge and food quality, which helps to develop feelings of satisfaction and loyalty, and a greater predisposition to buy the traditional product again.Practical implicationsThe results can derive important practical implications when developing marketing strategies. Thus, it can be underlined that PDO should strengthen the consumer satisfaction (affective evaluation), emphasizing the differential characteristics to provide for the organoleptic factors like colour, taste and smell. All these factors increase the experimented feelings by consumers, so it is possible to improve the added value of the food product in order to achieve higher behavioural and attitudinal consumer loyalty. In fact, consumers' attitudes to this kind of products will increase the repurchase intention.Originality/valueIn this paper, the particularities of a traditional food product with PDO and the influence of these particularities on consumer satisfaction, loyalty and buying intention are analyzed. This fact implies a relevant contribution since the literature analyzing simultaneously the concepts of satisfaction, loyalty and buying intention is really scarce in this particular context.
The gateway to a Canadian market‐driven agricultural economy
Authors: Charlebois Sylvain 
Published: September 2008

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide a structured demand chain design framework that can be linked with gateway and corridor management practices.Design/methodology/approachThe model in this paper presents supply and demand thrusts that could leverage Canada's position in international food trade.FindingsSince a direct correlation exists between the wealth of a nation and how it consumes food, the paper first presents five utilities and several factors that are perceived differently by customers once a nation becomes affluent. Then it presents supply and demand thrusts that could leverage Canada's position in international food trade. Finally, a demand chain design framework is suggested.Research limitations/implicationsThe framework is meant to be organically generic and not applied to one specific commodity or market, as all commodities and targeted markets necessitate an idiosyncratic approach. Although it is met to be applicable to topographies that offer logistical challenges such as Canada.Practical implicationsIt has been recognized that agriculture and food companies have a long tradition of being commodity‐driven, with an emphasis on production technology, high volumes, and quality consistency. In the context of global hyper‐competitivity, the ability to understand customer needs and adapt to a wider variety of customer situations will become crucial.Originality/valueWithout being specific to a targeted market or commodity, a demand chain management framework for food products is presented which provides an integrative approach for demand chain design based on food marketing practices, and which requires continuous evaluation of perceived utilities by customers.
Impact of consumers' health beliefs, health involvement and risk perception on fish consumption
Authors: Pieniak Zuzanna , Verbeke Wim , Scholderer Joachim , Brunsø Karen , Ottar Olsen Svein 
Published: September 2008

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of consumers' health beliefs, health involvement, and risk perception on fish consumption behaviour in five European countries.Design/methodology/approachCross‐sectional data were collected through a pan‐European consumer survey (n=4,786) with samples representative for age and region in Belgium, The Netherlands, Denmark, Spain and Poland. First, the cross‐cultural validity and cross‐cultural differences in health beliefs, health involvement and risk perception in relation to fish have been tested. Next, structural equation modelling (LISREL) was used in order to simultaneously estimate the strength and direction of relationships between health beliefs, health involvement and risk perception in relation to fish consumption.FindingsHealth involvement links up indirectly with subjective health and with total fish consumption, in both cases through increased interest in healthy eating. Interest in healthy eating positively and directly influences fish consumption. Increased risk perception from fish consumption negatively influences consumers' subjective health, as well as consumers' total fish consumption. Finally, subjective health positively relates to satisfaction with life.Research limitations/implicationsThis study focused on fish as a product category, and included only a limited number of attitudinal constructs.Originality/valueThis paper provides a unique model relating health beliefs, health involvement and risk perception to fish consumption, which has been tested and validated using a large pan‐European consumer sample.
Analysis of food industry market using network approaches
Authors: Arulselvan Ashwin , Baourakis George , Boginski Vladimir , Korchina Evgeniya , Pardalos Panos M. 
Published: September 2008

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to segment the US food industry market through a network representation of the market.Design/methodology/approachA tangible technique is implemented to study the structural properties of food industry market. A systematic procedure is described to interpret the US food industry sector market data as a graph, which provides the framework under which the market is studied. The maximum cliques and independent sets are found in the market graph, which provides an efficient way for clustering the financial instruments representing food industry. A statistical analysis on the degree distribution of food industry market graph is also performed to study the properties of the market graph.FindingsThe maximum cliques provided a classification of stocks with similar behaviour. Market graphs were empirically shown to follow the power‐law model. The statistical analysis performed on the food industry market graph corroborated with this observation.Originality/valueThis research is an extension of the work by Boginski, Butenko and Pardalos as an application to the food industry. The study helps in efficient segmentation of the food industry market and provides more insights into the market structure.
The decision to buy organic food products in Southern Italy
Authors: de Magistris Tiziana , Gracia Azucena 
Published: September 2008

PurposeThe aim of the paper is to investigate the consumers' decision‐making process for organically produced foods in Italy.Design/methodology/approachA structural equation modelling approach has been used with information provided by a survey conducted in Italy (Naples).FindingsResults indicate that consumer' attitudes towards organic food, in particular towards the health attribute and towards the environment are the most important factors that explain consumers' decision‐making process for organic food products. Moreover, it has been found that larger information on the organic food market, which drives to a higher consumers' organic food knowledge, is important because it positively influences consumers' attitudes towards organic food products. Finally, consumers who try to follow a healthy diet and balanced life are likely to have more positive attitudes towards organic food products and towards the environment, inducing a more likely intention to purchase organic foods.Originality/valueFindings provide more evidence on consumers' underlying motivations to buy organic food to the already existing evidence in Europe to evaluate the future implementation of the recently approved Regulation (EC) no. 834/2007 of 28 June 2007 on organic production and labelling of organic products. In addition, empirical results would help local policy makers to establish appropriate market strategies to develop the future demand for these products.
Food glycaemic index, satiety and chronic diseases
Authors: Batista S.M.M. , Teixeira E. , de Francisco A. , Assis M.A.A. 
Published: September 2008

PurposeThis review aims to document the influence of low glycaemic index (LGI) and low glycaemic load (LGL) foods over food satiety, their utilisation in clinical practice, and their importance in the prevention and control of diseases such as obesity, diabetes and cardiopathies. It also aims to discuss the inclusion of glycaemic index (GI) information in food labels as an important tool for the consumer who wishes to make healthier choices.Design/methodology/approachAn extensive literature search was conducted in the Web of Science, Pub Med and Medline databases, as well as in reference lists from the scientific articles retrieved in the search.FindingsMost of the articles presented similar results regarding the substitution of high glycaemic index (HGI) foods for low GI ones. In diabetics there was an improvement in the glycaemic and lipid profiles control, and in the obese, weight reduction and reduced cardiovascular complications risk were observed. Foods with higher satiety potential were identified as those with lower GIs, which reduce appetite, cause less glycaemic oscillations in diabetics, and lower caloric intake in the obese.Originality/valueThis revision evidenced the benefits of LGI foods over satiety and palatability, and discussed their effect in the treatment of chronic non‐transmissible diseases such as obesity and diabetes.