bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A component analysis of ABC assessments as demonstrated through function based interventions
Authors: Tereshko Lisa M. , Weiss Mary Jane , Ross Robert K. , Harper Jill M. , Keane Dennis 
Published: March 2024

AbstractResearch demonstrates that in order to implement a successful behavior analytic intervention, one must first identify the maintaining contingencies of the target behavior. Descriptive assessments are the most commonly used functional assessment used by behavior analysts (Oliver et al., 2015), although, comparative research further supports the use of analog functional analyses over descriptive assessments. As a way to assess the components of descriptive assessments to increase their accuracy, antecedent‐behavior‐consequence (ABC) assessments and functional analysis procedures were used to analyze the key components of descriptive assessment and were then verified with the implementation of a function‐based intervention. Results indicated that conditional probabilities from the antecedent condition were verified as the function in the functional analysis and treatment. Implications for clinicians and researchers are reviewed.
In vitro and in vivo investigation of Argiope bruennichi spider silk‐based novel biomaterial for medical use
Authors: Karahisar Turan Seçil , Kılıç Süloğlu Aysun , İde Semra , Türkeş Tuncay , Barlas Nurhayat 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAs a natural and biocompatible material with high strength and flexibility, spider silk is frequently used in biomedical studies. In this study, the availability of Argiope bruennichi spider silk as a surgical suture material was investigated. The effects of spider silk‐based and commercial sutures, with and without Aloe vera coating, on wound healing were evaluated by a rat dorsal skin flap model, postoperatively (7th and 14th days). Biochemical, hematological, histological, immunohistochemical, small angle x‐ray scattering (SAXS) analyses and mechanical tests were performed. A. bruennichi silk did not show any cytotoxic effect on the L929 cell line according to MTT and LDH assays, in vitro. The silk materials did not cause any allergic reaction, infection, or systemic effect in rats according to hematological and biochemical analyses. A. bruennichi spider silk group showed a similar healing response to commercial sutures. SAXS analysis showed that the 14th‐day applications of A. bruennichi spider silk and A. vera coated commercial suture groups have comparable structural results with control group. In conclusion, A. bruennichi spider silk is biocompatible in line with the parameters examined and shows a healing response similar to the commercial sutures commonly used in the skin.
Effect of the SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic on colorectal cancer diagnosis and prognosis
Authors: Medina‐Prado Lucía , Sala‐Miquel Noelia , Aicart‐Ramos Marta , López‐Cardona Julia , Ponce‐Romero Marta , Ortíz Oswaldo , Pellisé María , Aguilera Lara , Díez‐Redondo Pilar , Núñez‐Rodríguez Henar , Seoane Agustín , Domper‐Arnal María‐José , Borao‐Laguna Cristina , González‐Bernardo Óscar , Suárez Adolfo , Muñoz‐Tornero María , Bustamante‐Balén Marco , Soutullo‐Castiñeiras Carlos , Balleste‐Peris Belén , Esteban Pilar , Jiménez‐Gómez Mirella , Albert Marc , Lucas Javier , Valdivieso‐Cortázar Eduardo , López‐Serrano Antonio , Solano Marina , Tejedor‐Tejada Javier , Trelles Marita , Zapater Pedro , Jover Rodrigo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackground and Study AimsOur aim was to determine the impact of the SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic on the diagnosis and prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC).Patients and MethodsThis prospective cohort study included individuals diagnosed with CRC between March 13, 2019 and June 20, 2021 across 21 Spanish hospitals. Two time periods were compared: prepandemic (from March 13, 2019 to March 13, 2020) and pandemic (from March 14, 2020 to June 20, 2021, lockdown period and 1 year after lockdown).ResultsWe observed a 46.9% decrease in the number of CRC diagnoses (95% confidence interval (CI): 45.1%–48.7%) during the lockdown and 29.7% decrease (95% CI: 28.1%–31.4%) in the year after the lockdown. The proportion of patients diagnosed at stage I significantly decreased during the pandemic (21.7% vs. 19.0%; p = 0.025). Centers that applied universal preprocedure SARS‐CoV‐2 PCR testing experienced a higher reduction in the number of colonoscopies performed during the pandemic post‐lockdown (34.0% reduction; 95% CI: 33.6%–34.4% vs. 13.7; 95% CI: 13.4%–13.9%) and in the number of CRCs diagnosed (34.1% reduction; 95% CI: 31.4%–36.8% vs. 26.7%; 95% CI: 24.6%–28.8%). Curative treatment was received by 87.5% of patients diagnosed with rectal cancer prepandemic and 80.7% of patients during the pandemic post‐lockdown period (p = 0.002).ConclusionsThe COVID‐19 pandemic has led to a decrease in the number of diagnosed CRC cases and in the proportion of stage I CRC. The reduction in the number of colonoscopies and CRC diagnoses was higher in centers that applied universal SARS‐CoV‐2 PCR screening before colonoscopy. In addition, the COVID‐19 pandemic has affected curative treatment of rectal cancers.
Exploring the relation of active surveillance schedules and prostate cancer mortality
Authors: Yang Zhenwei , Heijnsdijk Eveline A. M. , Newcomb Lisa F. , Rizopoulos Dimitris , Erler Nicole S. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundActive surveillance (AS), where treatment is deferred until cancer progression is detected by a biopsy, is acknowledged as a way to reduce overtreatment in prostate cancer. However, a consensus on the frequency of taking biopsies while in AS is lacking. In former studies to optimize biopsy schedules, the delay in progression detection was taken as an evaluation indicator and believed to be associated with the long‐term outcome, prostate cancer mortality. Nevertheless, this relation was never investigated in empirical data. Here, we use simulated data from a microsimulation model to fill this knowledge gap.MethodsIn this study, the established MIcrosimulation SCreening Analysis model was extended with functionality to simulate the AS procedures. The biopsy sensitivity in the model was calibrated on the Canary Prostate Cancer Active Surveillance Study (PASS) data, and four (tri‐yearly, bi‐yearly, PASS, and yearly) AS programs were simulated. The relation between detection delay and prostate cancer mortality was investigated by Cox models.ResultsThe biopsy sensitivity of progression detection was found to be 50%. The Cox models show a positive relation between a longer detection delay and a higher risk of prostate cancer death. A 2‐year delay resulted in a prostate cancer death risk of 2.46%–2.69% 5 years after progression detection and a 10‐year risk of 5.75%–5.91%. A 4‐year delay led to an approximately 8% greater 5‐year risk and an approximately 25% greater 10‐year risk.ConclusionThe detection delay is confirmed as a surrogate for prostate cancer mortality. A cut‐off for a “safe” detection delay could not be identified.
EXERT‐BC: A pilot study of an exercise regimen designed to improve functional mobility, body composition, and strength after the treatment for breast cancer
Authors: Carpenter David J. , Peluso Chris , Hilton Christie , Velasquez Frank , Annichine Adam , Matsko Krista , Rosenberg Jared , Diaz Alexander K. , Hyde Parker , Beriwal Sushil , Champ Colin E. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPurposeResistance training may offer several unique advantages within breast cancer (BC) survivorship care; however, safety concerns have limited the application of high‐intensity compound movements necessary to elicit optimal changes in body composition, strength, and quality of life in this population. The EXERT‐BC trial assesses the safety and feasibility of an evidence‐based, dose‐escalated resistance training regimen among BC survivors, with the goal of improving physical and metabolic function, mobility, muscle mass, and body composition.MethodsParticipants included women with breast cancer underwent a 3‐month thrice weekly exercise regimen involving dose escalation of high‐intensity compound exercises. Coprimary outcomes included safety and adherence. Pre‐ and post‐regimen assessment included body composition testing, functional mobility and balance, total load (weight × repetitions × sets) across compound exercises, and patient reported quality of life. Pairwise comparison was performed via the paired t test.ResultsFourty participants completed a 3‐month exercise regimen, with a median age of 57 years (range, 27–74 years) and 73% having stage 0–2 BC. BC therapies concurrent with exercise included anti‐estrogen therapy (80%), radiotherapy (30%), and non‐hormonal systemic therapy (15%). No adverse events were observed aside from a single case of self‐limited knee pain. Session attendance exceeded a prespecified threshold of 75%, and 98% patients reported ongoing compliance to an exercise regimen following regimen completion.Significant reductions in percent body fat (p < 0.001) and increases in percent muscle mass (p = 0.011) were observed. Significant increases in resting metabolic rate (p = 0.023), bilateral grip strength (p < 0.001), functional movement screen (p < 0.001), bilateral Y‐Balance testing (p < 0.001), and Godin questionnaire scores (p < 0.001) were observed.ConclusionA 3‐month dose‐escalated resistance training regimen comprising high‐intensity compound movements appears safe with a high degree of adherence among breast cancer survivors, resulting in demonstrable improvements in body composition, metabolic parameters, strength increases, and patient‐reported quality of life.
Novel metabolic biomarker for early detection and diagnosis to the patients with gastric cardia adenocarcinoma
Authors: Wei Meng Xia , Yang Zheng , Wang Pan Pan , Zhao Xue Ke , Song Xin , Xu Rui Hua , Hu Jing Feng , Zhong Kan , Lei Ling Ling , Han Wen Li , Yang Miao Miao , Zhou Fu You , Han Xue Na , Fan Zong Min , Li Jia , Wang Ran , Li Bei , Wang Li Dong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundGastric cardia adenocarcinoma (GCA) is classified as Siewert type II adenocarcinoma at the esophagogastric junction in Western countries. The majority of GCA patients do not exhibit early warning symptoms, leading to over 90% of diagnoses at an advanced stage, resulting in a grim prognosis, with less than a 20% 5‐year survival rate.MethodMetabolic features of 276 GCA and 588 healthy controls were characterized through a widely‐targeted metabolomics by UPLC‐MS/MS analysis. This study encompasses a joint pathway analysis utilizing identified metabolites, survival analysis in both early and advanced stages, as well as high and negative and low expression of HER2 immunohistochemistry staining. Machine learning techniques and Cox regression models were employed to construct a diagnostic panel.ResultsA total of 25 differential metabolites were consistently identified in both discovery and validation sets based on criteria of p < 0.05, (VIP) ≥ 1, and FC ≥ 2 or FC ≤ 0.5. Early‐stage GCA patients exhibited a more favorable prognosis compared to those in advanced stages. HER2 overexpression was associated with a more positive outcome compared to the negative and low expression groups. Metabolite panel demonstrated a robust diagnostic performance with AUC of 0.869 in discovery set and 0.900 in validation set.ConclusionsA total of 25 common and stable differential metabolites may hold promise as liquid non‐invasive indicators for GCA diagnosis. HER2 may function as a tumor suppressor gene in GCA, as its overexpression is associated with improved survival. The downregulation of bile acid metabolism in GCA may offer valuable theoretical insights and innovative approaches for precision‐targeted treatments in GCA patients.
Cancer incidence among Armenians in California
Authors: Movsisyan Vernon Ani S. , Hoch Jeffrey S. , Fejerman Laura , Keegan Theresa H. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntroductionCalifornia is home to the largest population of Armenians in the United States. The historical categorization of Armenians as ‘White’ or ‘Some Other Race’ in population databases has likely masked cancer incidence patterns in this population. This is the first study considering cancer incidence among Armenians in California.MethodsWe used the Armenian Surname List and birthplace information in the California Cancer Registry to identify Armenians with cancer diagnosed during 1988–2019. We calculated proportional incidence ratios (PIR) among Armenians compared with non‐Hispanic Whites (NHWs). As an exploratory analysis, we calculated incidence rate ratios (IRR) during 2006–2015 using Armenian population denominators from the American Community Survey (ACS). We selected PIR as our primary method given uncertainty regarding the use of ACS population estimates for rate calculations.ResultsThere were 27,212 cancer diagnoses among Armenians in California, 13,754 among males and 13,458 among females. Armenian males had notably higher proportions of stomach (PIR = 2.39), thyroid (PIR = 1.45), and tobacco‐related cancers including bladder (PIR = 1.53), colorectal (PIR = 1.29), and lung (PIR = 1.16) cancers. Higher proportional incidence of cancers including stomach (PIR = 3.24), thyroid (PIR = 1.47), and colorectal (PIR = 1.29) were observed among Armenian females. Exploratory IRR analyses showed higher stomach (IRR = 1.78), bladder (IRR = 1.13), and colorectal (IRR = 1.12) cancers among Armenian males and higher stomach (IRR = 2.54) cancer among Armenian females.ConclusionWe observed higher stomach, colorectal and thyroid cancer incidence among males and females, and tobacco‐related cancers among males. Further research is needed to refine Armenian population estimates and understand and address risk factors associated with specific cancers among Armenians in California.
Deep learning‐based accurate diagnosis and quantitative evaluation of microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma on whole‐slide histopathology images
Authors: Zhang Xiuming , Yu Xiaotian , Liang Wenjie , Zhang Zhongliang , Zhang Shengxuming , Xu Linjie , Zhang Han , Feng Zunlei , Song Mingli , Zhang Jing , Feng Shi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundMicrovascular invasion (MVI) is an independent prognostic factor that is associated with early recurrence and poor survival after resection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the traditional pathology approach is relatively subjective, time‐consuming, and heterogeneous in the diagnosis of MVI. The aim of this study was to develop a deep‐learning model that could significantly improve the efficiency and accuracy of MVI diagnosis.Materials and MethodsWe collected H&E‐stained slides from 753 patients with HCC at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University. An external validation set with 358 patients was selected from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. The deep‐learning model was trained by simulating the method used by pathologists to diagnose MVI. Model performance was evaluated with accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve.ResultsWe successfully developed a MVI artificial intelligence diagnostic model (MVI‐AIDM) which achieved an accuracy of 94.25% in the independent external validation set. The MVI positive detection rate of MVI‐AIDM was significantly higher than the results of pathologists. Visualization results demonstrated the recognition of micro MVIs that were difficult to differentiate by the traditional pathology. Additionally, the model provided automatic quantification of the number of cancer cells and spatial information regarding MVI.ConclusionsWe developed a deep learning diagnostic model, which performed well and improved the efficiency and accuracy of MVI diagnosis. The model provided spatial information of MVI that was essential to accurately predict HCC recurrence after surgery.
Cyber Child Pornography and Neo‐Legal Responses in the United Arab Emirates (UAE)
Authors: Maghaireh Alaeldin Mansour 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe United Arab Emirates (UAE) has taken a strong stance against cyber child pornography by enacting new laws and implementing legal measures to prevent and punish offenders. This article examines the legal framework in the UAE related to cyber child pornography, with a particular focus on the new Federal Law No. 34 of 2021 on Combating Rumours and Cybercrimes, as well as Federal Law No. 3 of 2016 on Child Rights. Additionally, the paper explores the compatibility of the UAE's relevant laws with the Council of Europe (CoE) Convention on Cybercrime. This article highlights the significance of having laws in place to combat cyber child pornography and provides recommendations for further improvement in the UAE's response to these crimes.
Contribution of Phenolic Compounds to the Antioxidant Activity of Leaf and Flower Extracts of Sinapis pubescens L. subsp. pubescens (Brassicaceae)
Authors: Taviano Maria Fernanda , Arena Paola , Davì Federica , Cavò Emilia , Spadaro Vivienne , Raimondo Francesco Maria , Cacciola Francesco , Laganà Vinci Roberto , Mondello Luigi , Miceli Natalizia 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWithin a study focused on Sinapis pubescens subsp. pubescens wild from Sicily (Italy), an edible species still unexplored, our earlier published work has demonstrated good in vitro antioxidant properties for the flower and leaf hydroalcoholic extracts, exhibiting quite different qualitative‐quantitative phenolic profiles. Herein, further research was designed to elucidate the role played by phenolic compounds in the different antioxidant mechanisms highlighted for the extracts. To achieve this goal, the crude extracts were subjected to liquid‐liquid partitioning with solvents of increasing polarity; then, the fractions were investigated for their antioxidant properties using different in vitro assays. For both flowers and leaves, the ethyl acetate fractions exhibited the best activity in DPPH and reducing power assays, followed by n‐butanol. The total phenolic content determination indicated these fractions as the phenolic‐rich ones, which were characterized by HPLC‐PDA/ESI‐MS analysis. Conversely, the phenolic‐rich fractions did not show any chelating activity, which was highlighted for the more hydrophobic ones.
Adaptive responses of the ileum of NOD mice to low‐dose fluoride: A proteomic exploratory study
Authors: Trevizol Juliana S. , Buzalaf Nathalia R. , Dionizio Aline , Delgado Aislan Q. , de Lara João P. Z. , Magalhães Ana C. , Bosqueiro José R. , Buzalaf Marília A. R. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractFluoride (F) has been employed worldwide to control dental caries. More recently, it has been suggested that the consumption of low doses of F in the drinking water may reduce blood glucose levels, introducing a new perspective for the use of F for the management of blood glucose. However, the exact mechanism by which F affects blood glucose levels remains largely unexplored. Given that the small gut plays a pivotal role in glucose homeostasis, the aim of this study was to investigate the proteomic changes induced by low doses of F in the ileum of female nonobese‐diabetic (NOD) mice. Forty‐two female NOD mice were divided into two groups based on the F concentration in their drinking water for 14 weeks: 0 (control) or 10 mgF/L. At the end of the experimental period, the ileum was collected for proteomic and Western blot analyses. Proteomic analysis indicated an increase in isoforms of actin, gastrotropin, several H2B histones, and enzymes involved in antioxidant processes, as well as a decrease in enzymes essential for energy metabolism. In summary, our data indicates an adaptive response of organism to preserve protein synthesis in the ileum, despite significant alterations in energy metabolism typically induced by F, therefore highlighting the safety of controlled fluoridation in water supplies.
Attenuation of cannabis withdrawal symptoms by Prosopis farcta extract, its luteolin and melatonin in mice: Involvement of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor and dopamine
Authors: Ghasemian‐Yadegari Javad , Adineh Ahmad , Mohammadi Hamidreza , Davari Shima , Veisani Yousef , Ghaneialvar Hori , Aidy Ali , Abbasi Naser , Karimi Elahe 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe aim of this study was the identification of luteolin in Prosopis farcta extract (PFE) and melatonin to evaluate its effect on THC withdrawal syndrome in mice. Luteolin was identified by high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPCL). Signs of toxicity of mice in PFE and luteolin were monitored for LD50 calculation. The behavioral symptoms of THC withdrawal (stereotypies, ambulation, and inactivity time) induced by the rimonabant challenge were illustrated in THC‐dependent mice receiving PFE, luteolin, and melatonin. The expression of mature BDNF (mBDNF) was evaluated by Western blot analysis. The dopamine concentrations were measured using HPLC. PFE and luteolin LD50 were 650 and 220 mg/kg, respectively. PFE (300 mg/kg), all doses of luteolin, and melatonin increased significantly the mBDNF expression and decreased the dopamine concentration. The findings suggest that PFE, luteolin, and melatonin are mighty in reducing the signs of THC withdrawal. It seems these effects were due to a decrease in dopamine concentration level and an increase in mBDNF protein expression in mice brains.
The effect of food processing on the bioaccessibility of cadmium and micronutrients from whole wheat porridge
Authors: Motta‐Romero Hollman A. , Guha Snigdha , Seravalli Javier , Majumder Kaustav , Rose Devin J. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesWheat porridge contributes to the intake of micronutrients but can also be a route of the toxic heavy metal, cadmium. This study aimed to determine the effect of processing on micronutrients, cadmium dialyzability, and cellular bioaccessibility.FindingsCadmium (0.21%), magnesium (0.19%), iron (0.17%), and zinc (0.07%) presented low bioaccessibility from raw whole wheat flour. Boiling and germination reduced phytic acid content (p < .001) but failed to improve mineral bioaccessibility compared to raw flour. Fermentation increased the bioaccessibility of cadmium (2.3‐fold), magnesium (8.3‐fold), iron (2.2‐fold), and zinc (10.4‐fold) (p < .001). Dialyzability only presented a valid correlation with bioaccessibility for cadmium (r = 0.68; p < .001).ConclusionsFood processing did not decrease cadmium bioaccessibility from wheat porridge. Dialyzability was a suitable method to estimate the cellular bioaccessibility of cadmium, but not other beneficial elements.Significance and NoveltyStrategies to decrease cadmium bioaccessibility from foods are still needed. However, based on these results, the dialyzability assay reported here could allow the rapid screening of wheat‐based foods for their cadmium bioaccessibility.
Simultaneous Scanning Ion Conductance and Electrochemical Microscopy in Lithium‐Ion Battery Research
Authors: Eidenschink Johannes , Matysik Frank‐Michael 
Published: March 2024

AbstractInvited for this issue's Front Cover is the group of Prof. F.‐M. Matysik. The cover picture shows a typical situation in the life of a scientist focusing on scanning probe techniques. A decision needs to be made, which technique to employ. But what if more than one technique could be employed. In the context of lithium‐ion battery research, several scanning probe microscopies are currently utilized. Scanning ion conductance microscopy and scanning electrochemical microscopy were simultaneously applied in the investigation of a commercial graphite electrode. Read the full text of the Research Article at 10.1002/celc.202300577.