bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strategies for monitoring and evaluation of climate change adaptation: localizing global approaches into Andean realities
Authors: Dupuits Emilie , Garcés Alexandra , Llambí Luis Daniel , Bustamante Macarena 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWhile there is increasing progress made at the global scale on understanding climate change (CC) impacts and implementing adaptation solutions, there is still a major gap in documenting and assessing the effectiveness of monitoring and evaluation (M&E) systems for CC adaptation. This is particularly challenging if we consider the diversity of local perceptions and interpretations of what CC adaptation concretely means and how to measure it. We evaluate how global approaches on M&E to CC adaptation are being localized in the design and implementation of public policies and territorial strategies for CC adaptation in the Andes in four national and local case studies in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia. The analysis is based on a review of the status of national programs for M&E of CC adaptation and the implementation in those countries of the project “Adaptation to Climate Change Impacts in Water Resources in the Andes” (AICCA). The M&E systems in the four case studies differed widely in the way in which global M&E approaches are localized, reflecting the diversity of conceptions, goals, strategies and contexts in which adaptation is being implemented as well as power relations among actors and scales. Despite the diversity of implementation contexts and the complexity of monitoring the responses of socio-ecological systems, the M&E proposals share a focus on biophysical indicators over sociopolitical and institutional indicators. In addition, this study emphasizes the need to further implement participatory M&E systems from the community, to improve the territorial articulation of M&E proposals in the Andean region.
Determining the mechanical and decomposition properties of high energetic materials (α-RDX, β-HMX, and ε-CL-20) using a neural network potential
Authors: Wen Mingjie , Chang Xiaoya , Xu Yabei , Chen Dongping , Chu Qingzhao 
Published: March 2024

NNP models covering three typical C/H/N/O element HEMs were developed to capture the mechanical and decomposition properties of RDX, HMX and CL-20. The decomposition trajectory is mainly divided into two stages: pyrolysis and oxidation.
An improved resource allocation method for mapping service function chains based on A3C
Authors: Huang Wanwei , Tian Haobin , Zhang Xiaohui , Huang Min , Li Song , Li Yuhua 
Published: March 2024

AbstractNetwork function virtualization (NFV) technology deploys network functions as software functions on a generalised hardware platform and provides customised network services in the form of service function chain (SFC), which improves the flexibility and scalability of network services and reduces network service costs. However, irrational resource allocation during service function chain mapping will cause problems such as low resource utilisation, long service request processing time and low mapping rate. To address the unreasonable problem of service mapping resource allocation, an improved service function chain mapping resource allocation method (SA3C) based on the Asynchronous advantageous action evaluation algorithm (A3C) is proposed. This study proposes an SFC mapping model and a mathematical model for joint allocation, which modeled the minimization of processing time as a Markov process. The main network was trained and multiple sub‐networks were generated in parallel using the ternary and deep reinforcement learning algorithm A3C, with the goal of identifying the optimal resource allocation strategy. The experimental simulation results show that compared with the Actor‐Critic (AC) and Policy Gradient (PG) methods, SA3C algorithm can improve the resource utilisation by 9.85%, reduce the total processing time by 10.72%, and improve the mapping rate by 6.72%, by reasonably allocating node computational resources and link bandwidth communication resources.
V2X assisted co‐design of motion planning and control for connected automated vehicle
Authors: Li Jiahang , Chen Cailian , Yang Bo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe rapid development of vehicle‐to‐everything (V2X) communication technologies significantly promotes the revolution of intelligent transportation systems. V2X communication is expected to play a critical role in enhancing the safety and efficiency of connected and automated vehicles (CAVs), especially for mixed traffic scenarios. Additionally, the computational and storage capabilities of roadside units (RSUs) will be harnessed to effectively enhance the motion planning and control performance of CAVs within the constraints of limited on‐board computational resources. Thus, a V2X assisted co‐design of motion planning and control algorithm for CAVs to improve their situational awareness and computational efficiency is proposed. Under this architecture, a pre‐planning algorithm is proposed first to utilize the computational and storage capabilities of RSUs and generate feasible trajectories for different driving tasks. By analysing the relationship between driving risk index and motion planning performance, an online‐planning algorithm is derived to modify the pre‐planned trajectories in real‐time with static or dynamic obstacles. Furthermore, the lateral and longitudinal control of the vehicle using the Frenet coordinate system is decoupled. The lateral control employs an offline linear quadratic regulator (LQR) from RSUs to control the steering angle of the vehicle. The longitudinal control employs a dual‐loop PID to control the throttle opening of the vehicle. The performance of the proposed framework is evaluated and demonstrated by a Carsim‐Prescan simulation study in different mixed traffic scenarios. Compared with conventional methods, the proposed method improves the computational efficiency by 23% and reduces the collision rate by 13%.
Surveys of clumps, cores, and condensations in Cygnus X
Authors: Zhang X. , Qiu K. , Zhang Q. , Cao Y. , Cheng Y. , Liu J. , Wang Y. , Lu X. , Pan X. 
Published: March 2024

Context. The physical properties, evolution, and fragmentation of massive dense cores (MDCs, ~0.1 pc) are fundamental pieces in our understanding of high-mass star formation.Aims. We aim to characterize the temperature, velocity dispersion, and fragmentation of the MDCs in the Cygnus X giant molecular cloud and to investigate the stability and dynamics of these cores.Methods. We present theKarl G. JanskyVery Large Array (VLA) observations of the NH3(J,K) = (1,1) and (2,2) inversion lines towards 35 MDCs in Cygnus X, from which we calculated the temperature and velocity dispersion. We extracted 202 fragments (~0.02 pc) from the NH3(1,1) moment-0 maps with the GAUSSCLUMPS algorithm. We analyzed the stability of the MDCs and their NH3fragments through evaluating the corresponding kinetic, gravitational potential, and magnetic energies and the virial parameters.Results. The MDCs in Cygnus X have a typical mean kinetic temperatureTKof ~20 K. Our virial analysis shows that many MDCs are in subvirialized states, indicating that the kinetic energy is insufficient to support these MDCs against their gravity. The calculated nonthermal velocity dispersions of most MDCs are at transonic to mildly supersonic levels, and the bulk motions make only a minor contribution to the velocity dispersion. Regarding the NH3fragments, withTK~19 K, their nonthermal velocity dispersions are mostly trans-sonic to subsonic. Unless there is a strong magnetic field, most NH3fragments are probably not in virialized states. We also find that most of the NH3fragments are dynamically quiescent, while only a few are active due to star formation activity.
Distribution of the number of peaks within a long gamma-ray burst
Authors: Guidorzi C. , Sartori M. , Maccary R. , Tsvetkova A. , Amati L. , Bazzanini L. , Bulla M. , Camisasca A. E. , Ferro L. , Frontera F. , Li C. K. , Xiong S. L. , Zhang S. N. 
Published: March 2024

Context. The variety and complexity of long duration gamma-ray burst (LGRB) light curves (LCs) encode a wealth of information about the way LGRB engines release their energy following the collapse of the progenitor massive star. Thus far, attempts to characterise GRB LCs have focused on a number of properties, such as the minimum variability timescale and power density spectra (both ensemble average and individual), or considering different definitions of variability. In parallel, a characterisation as a stochastic process has been pursued by studying the distributions of waiting times, peak flux, and fluence of individual peaks that can be identified within GRB time profiles. However, an important question remains as to whether the diversity of GRB profiles can be described in terms of a common stochastic process.
Aims. Here, we address this issue by extracting and modelling, for the first time, the distribution of the number of peaks within a GRB profile.
Methods. We analysed four different GRB catalogues: CGRO/BATSE, Swift/BAT, BeppoSAX/GRBM, and Insight-HXMT. The statistically significant peaks were identified by means of well tested and calibrated algorithm MEPSA and further selected by applying a set of thresholds on the signal-to-noise ratio. We then extracted the corresponding distributions of number of peaks per GRB.
Results. Among the different models considered (power-law, simple or stretched exponential), we find that only a mixture of two exponentials was able to model all the observed distributions. This suggests the existence of two distinct behaviours: (i) an average number of 2.1 ± 0.1 peaks per GRB (“peak-poor”), accounting for about 80% of the observed population of GRBs; and (ii) an average number of 8.3 ± 1.0 peaks per GRB (“peak-rich”), accounting for the remaining 20% of the observed population.
Conclusions. We associate the class of peak-rich GRBs with the presence of sub-second variability, which appears to be surprisingly absent among peak-poor GRBs. The two classes could result from two distinct regimes in which the inner engines of GRBs release their energy or otherwise dissipate that energy as gamma rays.
RANK and RANKL Expression in Tumors of Patients with Early Breast Cancer
Authors: Behrens Annika , Wurmthaler Lena , Heindl Felix , Gass Paul , Häberle Lothar , Volz Bernhard , Hack Carolin C. , Emons Julius , Erber Ramona , Hartmann Arndt , Beckmann Matthias W. , Ruebner Matthias , Dougall William C. , Fasching Peter A. , Huebner Hanna , Press Michael F. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANK) pathway was associated with the pathogenesis of breast cancer. Several studies attempted to link the RANK/RANKL pathway to prognosis;
however, with inconsistent outcomes. We aimed to further contribute to the knowledge about RANK/RANKL as prognostic factors in breast cancer. Within this study, protein expression of RANK and
its ligand, RANKL, in the tumor tissue was analyzed in association with disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in a study cohort of patients with early breast cancer.607 samples of female primary and early breast cancer patients from the Bavarian Breast Cancer Cases and Controls Study were analyzed to correlate the RANK and RANKL expression with DFS
and OS. Therefore, expression was quantified using immunohistochemical staining of a tissue microarray. H-scores were determined with the cut-off value of 8.5 for RANK and 0 for RANKL
expression, respectively.RANK and RANKL immunohistochemistry were assessed by H-score. Both biomarkers did not correlate (ρ = −0.04). According to molecular subtypes, triple-negative tumors and HER2-positive
tumors showed a higher number of RANK-positive tumors (H-score ≥ 8.5), however, no subtype-specific expression of RANKL could be detected. Higher RANKL expression tended to correlate with a
better prognosis. However, RANK and RANKL expression could not be identified as statistically significant prognostic factors within the study cohort.Tumor-specific RANK and RANKL expressions are not applicable as prognostic factors for DFS and OS, but might be associated with subtype-specific breast cancer progression.
Experimental study on the an-isotropic critical current of REBCO tape
Authors: Ma Hongjun , Zhang Jingfeng , Zhang Shuqing , Zhang Xintao , Liu Huajun , Liu Fang , Shi Yi , Jin Huan 
Published: March 2024

Superconducting magnets are widely used in nuclear fusion reactors, high-energy particle accelerators, steady-state high magnetic fields, etc. Higher magnetic fields and higher operating temperatures are two application trends. High temperature superconducting (HTS) materials are the only choice for high temperature and high field magnets in the future. The first- and second-generation HTS materials have a typical tape structure; their critical performance is magnetic field angle and temperature dependent. A new test facility is developed for an experimental study on the an-isotropic critical current. The field angle can be changed from 0° to 360° with a resolution of 1°. The rotation deviation angle is measured to be 0.2° when the upper part rotates 90°. The temperature can be changed from 4.2 to 80 K. The temperature errors are ±50, ±80, and ±135 mK for 4.2–20, 20–40, and 40–80 K, respectively. The angle dependence of critical current (Ic) of the tested rare-earth barium copper oxide tape within 0°–30° is strong. From 30° to 90°, the sample Ic almost does not change with the magnetic field angle. The implementation of the project will not only promote the structural optimization of HTS tapes but also promote the miniaturization and economical application of HTS magnets.
Probing time-resolved plasma-driven solution electrochemistry in a falling liquid film plasma reactor: Identification of HO2− as a plasma-derived reducing agent
Authors: Srivastava Tanubhav , Chaudhuri Subhajyoti , Rich Christopher C. , Schatz George C. , Frontiera Renee R. , Bruggeman Peter 
Published: March 2024

Many applications involving plasma–liquid interactions depend on the reactive processes occurring at the plasma–liquid interface. We report on a falling liquid film plasma reactor allowing for in situ optical absorption measurements of the time-dependence of the ferricyanide/ferrocyanide redox reactivity, complemented with ex situ measurement of the decomposition of formate. We found excellent agreement between the measured decomposition percentages and the diffusion-limited decomposition of formate by interfacial plasma-enabled reactions, except at high pH in thin liquid films, indicating the involvement of previously unexplored plasma-induced liquid phase chemistry enabled by long-lived reactive species. We also determined that high pH facilitates a reduction-favoring environment in ferricyanide/ferrocyanide redox solutions. In situ conversion measurements of a 1:1 ferricyanide/ferrocyanide redox mixture exceed the measured ex situ conversion and show that conversion of a 1:1 ferricyanide/ferrocyanide mixture is strongly dependent on film thickness. We identified three dominant processes: reduction faster than ms time scales for film thicknesses &gt;100 µm, •OH-driven oxidation on time scales of &lt;10 ms, and reduction on 15 ms time scales for film thickness &lt;100 µm. We attribute the slow reduction and larger formate decomposition at high pH to HO2− formed from plasma-produced H2O2 enabled by the high pH at the plasma–liquid interface as confirmed experimentally and by computed reaction rates of HO2− with ferricyanide. Overall, this work demonstrates the utility of liquid film reactors in enabling the discovery of new plasma-interfacial chemistry and the utility of atmospheric plasmas for electrodeless electrochemistry.
Hyperfine and Zeeman interactions in ultracold collisions of molecular hydrogen with atomic lithium
Authors: Jóźwiak Hubert , Tscherbul Timur V. , Wcisło Piotr 
Published: March 2024

We present a rigorous quantum scattering study of the effects of hyperfine and Zeeman interactions on cold Li–H2 collisions in the presence of an external magnetic field using a recent ab initio potential energy surface. We find that the low-field-seeking states of H2 predominantly undergo elastic collisions: the ratio of elastic-to-inelastic cross sections exceeds 100 for collision energies below 100 mK. Furthermore, we demonstrate that most inelastic collisions conserve the space-fixed projection of the nuclear spin. We show that the anisotropic hyperfine interaction between the nuclear spin of H2 and the electron spin of Li can have a significant effect on inelastic scattering in the ultracold regime, as it mediates two processes: the electron spin relaxation in lithium and the nuclear spin–electron spin exchange. Given the predominance of elastic collisions and the propensity of inelastic collisions to retain H2 in its low-field-seeking states, our results open up the possibility of sympathetic cooling of molecular hydrogen by atomic lithium, paving the way for future exploration of ultracold collisions and high-precision spectroscopy of H2 molecules.
“I’m only half Korean but I can relate to a lot of what you said”
Authors: Choe Hanwool , Gordon Cynthia 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Analyzing 20 comments posted in response to YouTube videos wherein two Asian American young women share their
“lunchbox moment” stories, or first-person past-oriented accounts of how their (white) classmates at school reacted negatively to
food that they brought from home for lunch, we demonstrate how posters collaboratively transform individual offline experiences of
marginalization and difference into online moments of inclusion, solidarity, and shared identity. Integrating research on “second
stories” (Sacks 1992), “story rounds” (Tannen
2005), online storytelling (Page 2011, 2018), and online-offline interconnections (e.g., Bolander and Locher
2020), we show how commenters of diverse backgrounds accomplish “adequation” (Bucholtz
and Hall 2005) between their different minority identities in how they convey their own lunchbox moment stories. By
using metadiscursive terms (e.g., “story”), “constructed dialogue” (Tannen 2007),
ethnic category mentions, heritage languages, familiar address terms (e.g., first name), and emojis, YouTube posters create
inclusion online and across cultural, ethnic, and spaciotemporal lines.
Multi-band tunable electromagnetically induced transparencies based on active metasurface with polarization-independent property
Authors: Ren Kun , Wang Shuo , Ren Xiaobin , Peng Weilong , Zhang Hongxia , Jia Dagong 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The analogue of an electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) spectrum is achieved using a metasurface that consists of an array of cross and L-shaped resonators. The mechanism of the EIT-like phenomenon are analyzed, and the influence of geometrical parameters on the effect is discussed. We achieve a multi-band EIT-like through structure configuration. In particular, polarization-independent EIT is realized. A potential application in sensing is suggested and the sensitivity of 65 GHz RIU−1 is obtained. We also investigate the impact of analyte and substrate on the transmission spectrum. We find that when the analyte thickness is higher than 40 μm, the EIT spectral shift is less affected by the analyte thickness. The thickness insensitive characteristics are beneficial for reducing errors caused by analyte dose, thereby improving the accuracy of sensing. By introducing a phase change material, vanadium dioxide, we obtain active control of the EIT effect. Our results provide valuable insights into the development of multi-band tunable compact devices based on metasurfaces.
Comment on ‘Pseudo hard-sphere viscosities from equilibrium molecular dynamics’
Authors: Smallenburg Frank 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In a recent article, Nicasio-Collazo et al (2023 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter
35 425401) explore the viscosity of the pseudo-hard-sphere (PHS) model. In this comment, we highlight some discrepancies with expected behavior, and compare their results to new simulations of the same model as well as to true hard spheres. In contrast to the results of Nicasio-Collazo et al, our results follow the relation between shear, bulk, and longitudinal viscosity expected for isotropic fluids. Moreover, we observe clear differences in behavior between PHS and true hard sphere, and encourage future hard-sphere studies to focus on the true hard sphere model whenever possible.
Symmetric circulant matrix decomposition-based multivariable group sparse coding for rolling bearing fault diagnosis
Authors: Yuan Xing , Liu Hui , Yang Fu , Zhang Huijie 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Singular value decomposition technique proves its effectiveness in mechanical signal analysis by decomposing the test signal into a series of singular spectral components of different frequency bands. Nevertheless, how to adapt this technology to the needs of cyclo-nonstationary signal and how to set the decomposition number while maintaining detailed features to obtain the optimal component containing the most fault information, remains an important issue that needs to be addressed in the field of mechanical fault diagnosis. To overcome these disadvantages, the symmetric circulant matrix decomposition (SCMD) is presented. Two main ideas structure the present technique. Firstly, symmetric circulant matrix is used to generate eigenvectors, which will better adapt to the cyclo-nonstationary signal associated with the structural symmetry of rotating machinery. Then, an impulse fluctuation measure is established to adaptively search for the decomposition number and extract the optimal component. Moreover, to better improve the impulse extraction effect of SCMD, the multivariate group sparse coding based on the multivariate correlation characteristics and intra group sparsity characteristics of impulse signals is proposed, which can enhance impulse features while preserving fault details as much as possible. The reliability and feasibility of the proposed method are verified by the experimental signals. The comparison with several classic methods shows that this method is more effectiveness in weak feature extraction.