bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of the oral cavity
Authors: Sun ZJ , Zhang L , Zhang WF , Chen XM , Lai FMM , Zhao YF 
Published: December 2006

Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and biologic behaviour of epithelioid hemangioendothelioma in the oral cavity.Materials and methods: The clinical features and pathological findings of nine cases with intraoral epithelioid hemangioendothelioma were reviewed, including immunohistochemistry study.Results: This series comprised seven males and two females aged 6–53 years (mean 28 years). The sites of the tumour included the tongue (n = 4), lip (n = 1), the gingiva and alveoli of the maxilla (n = 1), the gingiva and alveoli of the mandible (n = 1), buccal mucosa (n = 1), and the floor of the mouth (n = 1). A painless solitary mass was the most common presentation and was found in eight cases. On pathology, the tumour grew in short strands, cords or nests of polygonal to slightly spindled epithelioid cells in fibro‐myxoid stroma, with formation of intracytoplasmic lumina. Tumour cells were immunoreactive to CD34, FVIIIRAg, and vimentin. Focal‐positive cytokeration were observed in three cases. Immunoreactivity for S‐100 protein, epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) and human herpesvirus (HHV)‐8 was negative in all cases. Two cases recurred after surgical excision, but no patient developed local or distant metastasis.Conclusions: Wide local excision with long‐term follow‐up seems to be the treatment of choice for intraoral epithelioid hemangioendothelioma because of their unpredictable biological behaviour and recurrence potential.
Interleukin‐1 receptor antagonist gene polymorphism and gingivitis in children
Authors: Dashash M , Drucker DB , Hutchinson IV , Bazrafshani MR , Blinkhorn AS 
Published: December 2006

Aim:  To investigate the role of the polymorphism of a variable numbers of tandem repeats of interleukin‐1 receptor antagonist gene (IL‐1RN) on gingivitis in children.Materials and methods:  A total of 146 Caucasian subjects (98 subjects with gingivitis and 48 controls) aged 8–12 years, were enrolled. Plaque and Calculus Indices were recorded to assess the oral hygiene. Gingival and Bleeding on Probing Indices were used to identify patients with gingivitis. DNA was extracted from epithelial cells of the cheek. Normal polymerase chain reaction was used for IL‐1Ra genotyping.Results:  A significant association was observed between IL‐1Ra gene polymorphism and gingivitis in children (P = 0.008). The IL‐1RN*2 allele (A2) was significantly more frequent in controls (37%vs 22% in children with gingivitis). In addition, the carriage of A2 seemed to be protective against gingivitis, and it was more frequent in controls (60%vs 40% in children with gingivitis, P = 0.008). Moreover, multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the association between IL‐1Ra gene polymorphism and gingivitis in children remained significant (P = 0.014) regardless of the significant influence of plaque (P = 0.013).Conclusion:  IL‐1Ra gene polymorphisms could have an active role in the pathogenesis of gingivitis in Caucasian children and IL‐1RN*2 allele could be a protective marker against gingivitis.
New insights into the nucleophosmin/nucleoplasmin family of nuclear chaperones
Authors: Frehlick Lindsay J. , Eirín‐López José María , Ausió Juan 
Published: December 2006

AbstractBasic proteins and nucleic acids are assembled into complexes in a reaction that must be facilitated by nuclear chaperones in order to prevent protein aggregation and formation of non‐specific nucleoprotein complexes. The nucleophosmin/nucleoplasmin (NPM) family of chaperones [NPM1 (nucleophosmin), NPM2 (nucleoplasmin) and NPM3] have diverse functions in the cell and are ubiquitously represented throughout the animal kingdom. The importance of this family in cellular processes such as chromatin remodeling, genome stability, ribosome biogenesis, DNA duplication and transcriptional regulation has led to the rapid growth of information available on their structure and function. The present review covers different aspects related to the structure, evolution and function of the NPM family. Emphasis is placed on the long‐term evolutionary mechanisms leading to the functional diversification of the family members, their role as chaperones (particularly as it pertains to their ability to aid in the reprogramming of chromatin), and the importance of NPM2 as an essential component of the amphibian chromatin remodeling machinery during fertilization and early embryonic development. BioEssays 29: 49–59, 2007. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Packing with Stamped Horizontal Lamellas Operating at Extremely Low Liquid Loads I. Hydrodynamics of a Single Plate
Authors: Kolev N. , Kralev B. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractIn the case of equilibrium absorption with low initial concentrations of very soluble absorbed gas, it can be seen from the material balance of the packed columns that the liquid superficial velocity must be very low to carry out the process in a counter current manner. Preceding investigations have shown that a packing made of separate short horizontal lamellas of very wettable sintered PVC is especially effective for mass transfer under these conditions. The construction of the packing of single lamellas is a difficult and expensive task. The aim of the present work is to investigate a new type of packing composed of many lamellas stamped in sheets of sintered PVC. The construction of the new more easily generated packing is described. It is shown that the irrigated packing is almost fully covered with a moving liquid film at extremely low liquid flow rates, ensuring very high radial spreading and uniform distribution of the liquid phase.
Mean Droplet Size and Local Velocity in Horizontal Isothermal Free Jets of Air and Water, respectively, Viscous Liquid in Quiescent Ambient Air
Authors: Al Rabadi S. , Friedel L. , Al Salaymeh A. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractMeasurements using two‐dimensional Phase Doppler Anemometry as well as high speed cinematography in free jets at several nozzle exit pressures and mass flow rates, show that the Sauter mean droplet diameter decreases with increasing air and liquid‐phase mass flow ratio due to the increase of the air stream impact on the liquid phase. This leads to substantial liquid fragmentation, respectively primary droplet breakup, and hence, satellite droplet formation with small sizes. This trend is also significant in the case of a liquid viscosity higher than that of water. The increased liquid viscosity stabilizes the droplet formation and breakup by reducing the rate of surface perturbations and consequently droplet distortions, ultimately also leading, in total, to the formation of smaller droplets. The droplet velocity decreases with the nozzle downstream distance, basically due to the continual air entrainment and due to the collisions between the droplets. The droplet collisions may induce further liquid fragmentation and, hence, formation of a number of relatively smaller droplets respectively secondary breakup, or may induce agglomeration to comparatively larger liquid fragments that may rain out of the free jet.
Memory for the color of non‐monochromatic lights
Authors: D'Ath Penny J. , David Thomson W. , Wilkins Arnold J. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractThe aim of this work was to explore the limits of memory for the hue of coloured illumination using nonspectral colours. Eighty‐four undergraduate optometry students with normal colour vision as assessed by the Ishihara 38 plate test, were given 10 s to memorize the hue of a luminous surface (luminance 120 cd m−2), subtending 22 by 18 degrees in an otherwise unlit room. The sample hue was one of 12 samples with chromaticity spaced evenly every 30 degrees around a hue circle in the CIE UCS diagram. The circle, radius 0.06, was centered at the chromaticity of D65 (u′ = 0.198, v′ = 0.468). The hue was displaced randomly by between 40 and 100 degrees, and the participants were required to use one of two keys to return the hue to its original appearance. The keys changed CIE 1976 hue angle (huv) by 1 degree, one in a clockwise and the other in a counterclockwise direction, but left the CIE 1976 saturation (suv) and the luminance unchanged. Each participant saw the to‐be‐memorized hue once only and made subsequent adjustments without seeing it again. Four adjustments were made immediately, four after 1 h, and a further four after 1 week. The second and the fourth in each set of four were preceded by a clockwise displacement of hue angle and the remaining two by an anticlockwise displacement. The CIE 1976 UCS chromaticity of the standard and the chromaticity of the very first adjustment performed immediately after the presentation of the standard were separated by 0.0210 (s.d. 0.0178) averaged across hues. One hue (purple) was more readily nameable than the others and was more accurately reproduced. There was no evidence of stable individual differences in observers' memory: observers' accuracy in reproducing one colour was not significantly correlated with their accuracy in reproducing another. Adjustments made after an interval of 1 h were worse than those undertaken immediately, but no better than those performed after 1 week. The variability of hue memory under these conditions was similar to the variability of coloured surfaces under common sources of illumination. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 32, 11–15, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/col.20281
Influence of learning effects on the results of the cap‐sorting test Roth 28‐hue (E) desaturated: Influence of learning effects on colour‐arrangement tests
Authors: Schröder Anke , Kreutz Michael , Meyer Michael , Erb Carl 
Published: December 2006

AbstractThe results obtained in colour vision tests can be influenced by many factors. It is possible that a learning effect disguises the fact that an acquired colour vision disturbance has progressively either deteriorated or been successfully treated. Therefore, the primary object of this study was to examine whether a possible learning effect occurred if screening by the colour vision test Roth 28‐hue (E) desaturated was repeated several times, and if this learning effect was age dependent. Sixty‐five ocularly and generally healthy subjects participated in the study and were divided into two age groups: group A: 20–39 years, n = 35; group B: 40–59 years, n = 30. Besides their ophthalmological status (visual acuity, refraction, intraocular pressure, cup/disk ratio, central fundus), the cap‐sorting test Roth 28‐hue (E) desaturated was performed under standardized test conditions. The measurements were repeated after 5 ± 1.72 days (T1), 15 ± 3.53 days (T2), 32 ± 6.97 days (T3), and 189 ± 16.85 days (T4). The ophthalmological parameters of all subjects were inconspicuous. The individual evaluation of the error scores in the cap‐sorting test Roth 28‐hue (E) desaturated showed large‐scale variations. For both age groups there was no statistically significant difference between the right and left eye at any time. The mean values of the younger group remained relatively constant after the first measurement. This age group showed a quick, clearly visible learning effect that persisted over the whole test period. With regard to the older age group the average values deteriorated, remained solid for one month increasing again after 6 months. The results showed an age‐related learning effect. Therefore, it is important to repeat the colour vision test within 5 days for the age group 20–39 years. This second test result will then serve as a stable basis for further comparative examinations within a period of 6 months. The subjects of the age group 40–59 years ought to repeat a first colour vision test after 5 and again after 15 days. The result of the second repetition will then offer stable basic values for subsequent tests. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 32, 16–21, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/col.20282
Preprocessing to CIECAM02 input color with chromatic background
Authors: Chai Binghua , Zhao Dazun , Liao Ningfang , Shao Yubo 
Published: December 2006

AbstractA preprocessing to CIECAM02 input color for color appearance prediction was proposed. In this study, 8640 color appearance matching pairs (NCS color charts with red, green, yellow, and blue backgrounds in a light booth and their reproductions with gray background on a CRT screen) were obtained by psychophysical experiment using the simultaneous‐binocular technique. Because only the lightness of background is included in CIECAM02, a color inducing vector based on opponent‐colors theory was introduced to preprocess CIECAM02 inputs, so that CIECAM02 may predict the corresponding color of an input color with chromatic background as well. By data fitting, a color preprocessing formula describing a relationship between the color inducing vector and the NCS chromaticness was conducted. Furthermore, the formula's performance was tested and the results showed that it was good for implementing the color appearance prediction of input colors with different chromatic backgrounds.© 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 32, 40–46, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/col.20287
Serotonin decreases generation of dopaminergic neurons from mesencephalic precursors via serotonin type 7 and type 4 receptors
Authors: Parga J. , Rodriguez‐Pallares J. , Muñoz A. , Guerra M. J. , Labandeira‐Garcia J.L. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractInductive signals mediating the differentiation of neural precursors into serotonergic (5‐HT) or dopaminergic neurons have not been clarified. We have recently shown that in cell aggregates obtained from rat mesencephalic precursors, reduction of serotonin levels induces a marked increase in generation of dopaminergic neurons. In the present study we treated rat neurospheres with antagonists of the main subtypes of 5‐HT receptors, 5‐HT transport inhibitors, or 5‐HT receptor agonists, and studied the effects on generation of dopaminergic neurons. Cultures treated with Methiothepin (5‐HT1,2,5,6,7 receptor antagonist), the 5‐HT4 receptor antagonist GR113808;67:00–.or the 5‐HT7 receptor antagonist SB 269970 showed a significant increase in generation of dopaminergic cells. Treatment with the 5‐HT1B/1D antagonist GR 127935, the 5‐HT2 antagonist Ritanserin, the 5‐HT transporter inhibitor Fluoxetine, the dopamine and norepinephrine transport inhibitor GBR 12935, or with both inhibitors together, or 5‐HT4 or 5‐HT7 receptor agonists induced significant decreases in generation of dopaminergic cells. Cultures treated with WAY100635 (5‐HT1A receptor antagonist), the 5‐HT3 receptor antagonist Ondasetron, or the 5‐HT6 receptor antagonist SB 258585 did not show any significant changes. Therefore, 5‐HT4 and 5‐HT7 receptors are involved in the observed serotonin‐induced decrease in generation of dopaminergic neurons from proliferating neurospheres of mesencephalic precursors. 5‐HT4 and 5‐HT7 receptors were found in astrocytes and serotonergic cells using double immunolabeling and laser confocal microscopy, and the glial receptors appeared to play a major role. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Neurobiol 67: 10–22, 2007
Summary of ‘Holding chambers (spacers) versus nebulisers for beta‐agonist treatment of acute asthma’
Authors: Milne Andrea 
Published: December 2006

AbstractThis is a summary of a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Cates CJ, Crilly JA, Rowe BH. Holding chambers (spacers) versus nebulisers for beta‐agonist treatment of acute asthma. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2006, Issue 2. Art. No.: CD000052. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD000052.pub2.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying Expert Commentary and Characteristics and Key Findings Tables articles. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Summary of ‘Corticosteroid therapy for nephrotic syndrome in children’
Authors: Milne Andrea 
Published: December 2006

AbstractThis is a summary of a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Hodson EM, Knight JF, Willis NS, Craig JC. Corticosteroid therapy for nephrotic syndrome in children. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2005, Issue 1. Art. No.: CD001533. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD001533.pub3.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying Expert Commentary and Characteristics and Key Findings Tables articles. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Summary of ‘Antibiotics for community acquired pneumonia in children’
Authors: Milne Andrea 
Published: December 2006

AbstractThis is a summary of a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Kabra SK, Lodha R, Pandey RM. Antibiotics for community acquired pneumonia in children. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2006, Issue 3. Art. No.: CD004874. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD004874.pub2.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying Expert Commentary and Characteristics and Key Findings Tables articles. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Commentary on ‘Antibiotics for community acquired pneumonia in children’
Authors: Sánchez‐Mendiola Melchor 
Published: December 2006

AbstractThis is a commentary on a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Kabra SK, Lodha R, Pandey RM. Antibiotics for community acquired pneumonia in children. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2006, Issue 3. Art. No.: CD004874. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD004874.pub2.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying EBCH Summary and Characteristics and Key Findings Tables articles. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Tips and tricks for understanding and using SR results—no. 4: inclusion of studies into a Cochrane review
Authors: van Dalen Elvira C. , Kremer Leontien C. M. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractThis fourth article on ‘tips and tricks for understanding and using SR results’ in Evidence‐Based Child Health is, like the previous ones, aimed at helping readers to understand the results of systematic reviews and to use the results in clinical practice. This time, we focus on the methods of identification and selection of relevant studies for a Cochrane systematic review. However, the development of appropriate search strategies is beyond the scope of this ‘Tips and Tricks’. The information in this article is based on earlier papers, the Cochrane Handbook, and the collective experience of the authors in teaching evidence‐based medicine (1–5). Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ein tiefer Blick in die Aachener Unterwelt
Authors: Kukla Peter , Trautwein‐Bruns Ute 
Published: December 2006

AbstractMithilfe von Bohrkernen und geophysikalischen Messungen haben Geologen das vielschichtige Zusammenwirken von Spannungen in der Erdkruste und zirkulierenden Gewässern studiert. Dabei werden wichtige Einsichten über verborgene Prozesse im Fundament einer Stadt gewonnen
Zonal decompositions for spherical monogenics
Authors: Eelbode D. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractIn this paper, a specific type of eigenfunctions for the Gamma operator Γ on the unit sphere Sm−1 in ℝm is constructed within the context of Clifford analysis, by means of a recursive argument. This leads to zonal decompositions for the spherical monogenics. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Expression of sulfotransferase 1E1 in human prostate as studied by in situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry
Authors: Takase Y. , Luu‐The V. , Poisson‐Paré D. , Labrie F. , Pelletier G. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractBACKGROUNDEstrogen is recognized to play a role in the development and function of the prostate. Estrogen sulfotransferase (EST) 1E1 catalyzes the sulfoconjugation of estrogen and is thus involved in the metabolism of estrogen. We have recently shown that EST 1E1 is highly expressed in male mouse reproductive organs, including prostate. It appeared of interest to study the expression of EST 1E1 in human prostate.METHODSEST 1E1 mRNA and protein expression was evaluated in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) using in situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry, respectively.RESULTSEST 1E1 mRNA and protein were found to be expressed in epithelial cells bordering alveola lumen (luminal cells) as well as stroma cells.CONCLUSIONThe enzyme EST may play a physiological role in regulating local estrogen levels in human prostate. Prostate 67: 405–409, 2007. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Semiempirical LUC‐INDO calculations on the effect of pressure on the electronic structure of diamond
Authors: Radi Ibtesam O. , Abdulsattar Mudar A. , Abdul‐Lettif Ahmed M. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractA self‐consistent LUC (large unit cell) formalism on the basis of semiempirical INDO (intermediate neglect of differential overlap) Hamiltonians has been used to study the electronic properties of diamond and to investigate the pressure dependence of these properties. The calculated properties are in good agreement with the experiments except the conduction‐band width. The increase of pressure on diamond is predicted to cause the following effects; an increase of the valence and conduction‐band widths with a decrease of the direct bandgap, an increase of the electronic occupation probability for the p‐orbital with a decrease of this probability for the s‐orbital, and a decrease of the X‐ray scattering factor. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
DOE genomics: Applications to in situ subsurface bioremediation
Authors: Anderson Robert T. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractMicrobial communities can greatly affect the mobility and fate of subsurface contaminants, yet relatively little is known about the functioning of microorganisms in subsurface environments. Major advances in DNA sequencing capability and the advent of genome‐enabled studies have produced key insights into how microorganisms adapt to environmental conditions and/or biotransform subsurface contaminants starting from analyses of genome content. These techniques enable the researcher to detect how an organism responds to its environment and, potentially, to devise better methods to promote specific microbial activity in subsurface environments. The U.S. Department of Energy sponsors genome research through the Genomics:GTL program. One of the applications of this research is to better understand and control biological processes influencing the mobility of contaminants of concern to DOE such as metals and radionuclides. Genome and gene expression techniques have led to new insights into the functioning of subsurface microbial communities, but the true potential of these techniques is still to be revealed. As genome‐enabled science progresses, techniques for evaluating gene expression patterns of whole communities will advance the understanding and development of optimized in situ bioremediation and more realistic simulations of microbial contaminant biotransformation. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.*