bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanical properties of teak wood flour‐reinforced HDPE composites
Authors: Sewda Kamini , Maiti S. N. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractMechanical properties such as tensile and impact strength behavior of teak wood flour (TWF)‐filled high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) composites were evaluated at 0–0.32 volume fraction (Φf) of TWF. Tensile modulus and strength initially increased up to Φf = 0.09, whereas a decrease is observed with further increase in the Φf. Elongation‐at‐break and Izod impact strength decreased significantly with increase in the Φf. The crystallinity of HDPE also decreased with increase in the TWF concentration. The initial increase in the tensile modulus and strength was attributed to the mechanical restraint, whereas decrease in the tensile properties at Φf > 0.09 was due to the predominant effect of decrease in the crystallinity of HDPE. The mechanical restraint decreased the elongation and Izod impact strength. In the presence of coupling agent, maleic anhydride‐grafted HDPE (HDPE‐g‐MAH), the tensile modulus and strength enhanced significantly because of enhanced interphase adhesion. However, the elongation and Izod impact strength decreased because of enhanced mechanical restraint on account of increased phase interactions. Scanning electron microscopy showed a degree of better dispersion of TWF particles because of enhanced phase adhesion in the presence of HDPE‐g‐MAH. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Preparation of phase change materials microcapsules by using PMMA network‐silica hybrid shell via sol‐gel process
Authors: Chang Chih Chung , Tsai Yen Ling , Chiu Jen Jen , Chen Hui 
Published: February 2009

AbstractEncapsulation of phase change materials (PCM) using a poly(methyl methacrylate) network‐silica hybrid as the shell material has been developed. n‐Octadecane melted at 28°C was used as PCM. Based on the suspension polymerization process, the microcapsules were prepared successfully by mixing and by the reaction of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate with precopolymer solution with tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), whose resultant microcapsules had higher latent heat (ΔH = 151 J/g) than those without TEOS (ΔH = 88.3 J/g). The average size of the PCM microcapsules was about 10 μm. The silica content, n‐octadecane content, and latent heat of microcapsules were changed with varying ageing conditions, ageing time, and temperature. The highest amount of latent heat (ΔH = 178.9 J/g) and n‐octadecane content (73.3%) of the microcapsule were obtained when the inorganic/organic ratio of the microcapsule was 5%. It was difficult to increase n‐octadecane content (74% to 55.7–67.9%) and latent heat (180.5 J/g to 135.9–165.7 J/g) of the microcapsules by introducing different functional groups of coupling agents. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Synthesis and In‐Vitro Antitumor Activities of Some Mannich Bases of 9‐Alkyl‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydrocarbazole‐1‐ones
Authors: Chen Jing , Lou Jianshu , Liu Tao , Wu Ru , Dong Xiaowu , He Qiaojun , Yang Bo , Hu Yongzhou 
Published: February 2009

AbstractA novel series of 2‐substituted aminomethyl‐9‐alkyl‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydrocarbazole‐1‐ones 5a–q was synthesized via aminomethylation of 9‐alkyl‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydrocarbazole‐1‐ones 4a–e with hydrochlorides of the respective amines 6a–m. The structures of these newly synthesized compounds were characterized by 1H‐NMR, MS, and elemental analysis. All the compounds were tested for their cytotoxic activity in vitro against four human tumor cell lines including human non‐small lung cancer cells (A549), human gastric adenocarcinoma (SGC), human colon cancer cell (HCT116), human myeoloid leukemia cells (K562), and one multi‐drug resistant subline (KB‐VCR). Most compounds showed moderate to potent cytotoxic activity against the tested cell lines. Preliminary mechanism research indicated that the most promising compound, 2‐diethylaminomethyl‐9‐methyl‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydrocarbazole‐1‐one 5c, exhibited a potential inhibitory effect against microtubule.
Nazarov‐type Reactions in Water
Authors: Kokubo Masaya , Kobayashi Shū 
Published: February 2009

AbstractDifferent in water! We have developed Nazarov‐type reactions in water. Different reaction courses compared with those in organic solvents are observed in water. In the presence of a scandium based, surfactant‐type catalyst, water‐trapping products are obtained exclusively. The results presented are unprecedented and provide a valuable extension to information available regarding organic reactions in water.magnified image
The immunosuppressive activity and solution structures of ubiquitin fragments
Authors: Jaremko Łukasz , Jaremko Mariusz , Pasikowski Paweł , Cebrat Marek , Stefanowicz Piotr , Lisowski Marek , Artym Jolanta , Zimecki Michał , Zhukov Igor , Szewczuk Zbigniew 
Published: February 2009

AbstractRecently, ubiquitin was suggested as a promising anti‐inflammatory protein therapeutic. We found that a peptide fragment corresponding to the ubiquitin50–59 sequence (LEDGRTLSDY) possessed the immunosuppressive activity comparable with that of ubiquitin. CD and NMR spectroscopies were used to determine the conformational preferences of LEDGRTLSDY in solution. The peptide mixture, obtained by pepsin digestion of ubiquitin, was even more potent than the intact protein. Although the peptide exhibited a well‐defined conformation in methanol, its structure was distinct from the corresponding 50–59 fragment in the native ubiquitin molecule. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 91: 423–431, 2009.This article was originally published online as an accepted preprint. The “Published Online” date corresponds to the preprint version. You can request a copy of the preprint by emailing the Biopolymers editorial office at biopolymers@wiley.com
Sanitary sewer design using EPA storm water management model (SWMM)
Authors: Lowe Scott A. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractTraditional sanitary sewer design uses detailed design tables that contain all the necessary information to complete the design. An alternative approach is to use modeling software, such as the EPA SWMM model. This paper details the application of the EPA SWMM model to design the sanitary sewer system of a proposed 62 lot development. Typically SWMM is thought of almost exclusively as a storm water system analysis tool, but this application shows how it can also be used for sanitary sewer analysis and design. The paper details how the SWMM model parameters were set to handle infiltration and inflow as well as base residential sanitary flows. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 18: 203–212, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com); DOI 10.1002/cae.20124
Application of the Perimeter Model to the Assignment of the Electronic Absorption Spectra of Gold(III) Hexaphyrins with [4n+2] and [4n] π‐Electron Systems
Authors: Muranaka Atsuya , Matsushita Osamu , Yoshida Kengo , Mori Shigeki , Suzuki Masaaki , Furuyama Taniyuki , Uchiyama Masanobu , Osuka Atsuhiro , Kobayashi Nagao 
Published: February 2009

AbstractExpanded porphyrins: The electronic excited states of two forms of meso‐hexakis(pentafluorophenyl)‐substituted gold(III) hexaphyrin(1.1.1.1.1.1), such as that depicted, have been investigated by density functional calculations and magnetic circular dichroism spectroscopy to assign their low‐energy excited singlet states.magnified imageThe electronic excited states of two forms of meso‐hexakis(pentafluorophenyl)‐substituted gold(III) hexaphyrin(1.1.1.1.1.1) have been investigated by density functional calculations and magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) spectroscopy, in order to assign their low‐energy excited singlet states. We found that the perimeter model can be successfully applied to the interpretation of the electronic states. In the case of the neutral forms (Au2‐N, Au‐N), the absorption bands observed in the NIR and visible region can be assigned to π–π* transitions referred to as the L and B bands, respectively, analogous to the Q and Soret bands of regular porphyrins. In marked contrast with the neutral forms, the absorption bands of the reduced forms (Au2‐R and Au‐R) are attributed to π–π* transitions involving six frontier molecular π orbitals. By applying the 4N‐electron perimeter model, the six orbitals are labeled as h−, h+, s−, s+, l−, and l+, while the observed absorption bands can be assigned to the S, N1, N2, P1, and P2 transitions, in order of increasing energy.
Efforts towards the Identification of Simpler Platensimycin Analogues—The Total Synthesis of Oxazinidinyl Platensimycin
Authors: Wang Jingxin , Lee Vincent , Sintim Herman O. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractEpimerization and stapling in one pot: A facile synthesis of an oxazinidinyl analogue of the antibiotic platensimycin is presented. Key steps of this work are a novel dynamic ring‐closing metathesis (RCM) that involves a base‐catalyzed epimerization followed by a tandem Ru‐catalyzed metathesis, and a nucleophilic addition to a ketone followed by a subsequent intramolecular epoxide ring‐opening reaction to construct the core structure of the target molecule (see scheme).magnified image
CO2 and SnII Adducts of N‐Heterocyclic Carbenes as Delayed‐Action Catalysts for Polyurethane Synthesis
Authors: Bantu Bhasker , Pawar Gajanan Manohar , Decker Ulrich , Wurst Klaus , Schmidt Axel M. , Buchmeiser Michael R. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractCatalytic rivals: Both CO2‐protected tetrahydropyrimidin‐2‐ylidene‐based N‐heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) and SnII‐1,3‐dimesitylimidazol‐2‐ylidene, as well as SnII‐1,3‐dimesitylimidazolin‐2‐ylidene complexes (example displayed), have been identified as truly latent catalysts for polyurethane (PUR) synthesis rivaling all existing systems both in activity and latency.magnified imageA series of CO2‐protected pyrimidin‐2‐ylidenes as well as 1,3‐dimesitylimidazol‐2‐ylidene and dimesitylimidazolin‐2‐ylidene complexes of SnII have been prepared. Selected single‐crystal X‐ray structures are reported. The new compounds were investigated for their catalytic behavior in polyurethane (PUR) synthesis. All compounds investigated showed excellent catalytic activity, rivaling the industrially most relevant catalyst dibutyltin dilaurate. Even more important, all compounds displayed pronounced latent behavior, in selected cases rivaling and exceeding the industrially relevant latent catalyst phenylmercury neodecanoate both in terms of latency and catalytic activity. This allows for creating one‐component PUR systems with improved pot lifetimes. Pseudo‐second‐order kinetics were found for both CO2‐protected tetrahyropyrimidin‐2‐ylidenes and for [SnCl2(1,3‐dimesityldihydroimidazol‐2‐ylidene)], indicating a fast pre‐catalyst decomposition prior to polyurethane formation. 1,3‐Di(2‐propyl)tetrahydropyrimidin‐2‐ylidene was additionally found to be active in the cyclotrimerization of various isocyanates, offering access to a broad variability in polymer structure, that is, creating both urethane and isocyanurate moieties within the same polymer.
Development of Novel Thiazolopyrimidines as CDC25B Phosphatase Inhibitors
Authors: Kolb Stéphanie , Mondésert Odile , Goddard Mary‐Lorène , Jullien Denis , Villoutreix Bruno O. , Ducommun Bernard , Garbay Christiane , Braud Emmanuelle 
Published: February 2009

AbstractCDC25 inhibition by thiazolopyrimidines: CDC25 is an attractive target for cancer therapy, as it is overexpressed in numerous cancers and is often associated with tumor aggressiveness and poor prognosis. Based on an in silico/in vitro screen, we developed a series of thiazolopyrimidines to further improve inhibitory activity and cytotoxic properties.magnified imageThe development of CDC25 phosphatase inhibitors is an interesting approach toward new antitumor agents, as CDC25 play key roles in cell‐cycle regulation and are overexpressed in numerous cancers. We previously reported a novel compound belonging to the thiazolopyrimidine family that inhibits CDC25 activity with an IC50 value of 13 μM and displays cytotoxic properties against HeLa cells. Structural modifications were subsequently conducted on this new pharmacophore which led to a library of 45 thiazolopyrimidines. Regarding the in vitro effects, 14 compounds inhibit CDC25B with IC50<20 μM, with the most efficient inhibitor 44 improving the potency to 4.5 μM. Steady‐state kinetics were performed and showed a mixed inhibition pattern for all tested compounds. Furthermore, 44 was able to revert the bypass of genotoxicity‐induced G2 arrest upon CDC25B overexpression, indicating that this compound targets the dual‐specificity phosphatase in cultured cells. Finally, the cytotoxic activities of the compounds were determined against two human cancer cell lines. The results indicate that the prostatic LNCaP cell line is more sensitive to these derivatives than the pancreatic adenocarcinoma MiaPaCa‐2 line. With its interesting enzymatic and cellular properties, compound 44 appears to be a promising CDC25B inhibitor for further development.
p16INK4A immunohistochemical staining may be helpful in distinguishing branchial cleft cysts from cystic squamous cell carcinomas originating in the oropharynx
Authors: Pai Reetesh K. , Erickson Julianna , Pourmand Nader , Kong Christina S. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:We investigated p16INK4A expression in branchial cleft cysts and its utility in distinguishing branchial cleft cysts from metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) in fine‐needle aspiration biopsies (FNABs).METHODS:A study set comprising 41 resections (15 SCC and 26 branchial cleft cysts) and a test set of 15 FNABs (11 SCC and 4 branchial cleft cysts) were analyzed with p16INK4A immunohistochemistry and human papillomavirus (HPV) polymerase chain reaction (PCR)/pyrosequencing. Cases with discrepant p16INK4A and PCR/pyrosequencing results were further evaluated with HPV in situ hybridization (ISH). SCCs were divided into keratinizing SCC and nonkeratinizing SCC groups and site of origin.RESULTS:Metastatic oropharyngeal nonkeratinizing SCC in the study set exhibited diffuse, strong p16INK4A (7 of 7) and HPV16 DNA positivity (6 of 6), while keratinizing SCC from the larynx and oral cavity was negative for p16INK4A. p16INK4A reactivity in the branchial cleft cyst study set was characterized by focal, strong staining (6 of 21) involving the superficial squamous epithelium. HPV DNA was identified in 7 of 19 branchial cleft cyst study set cases by PCR/pyrosequencing, but these cases were negative by HPV ISH. In the test set, oropharyngeal nonkeratinizing SCC exhibited diffuse, strong p16INK4A (3 of 3) and HPV16 DNA (2 of 2), while metastatic keratinizing SCC was negative for p16INK4A and HPV DNA. All 4 FNABs of branchial cleft cysts were negative for p16INK4A. Diffuse, strong p16INK4A correlated with oropharyngeal origin (P = .001) and nonkeratinizing morphology (P = .0001).CONCLUSIONS:Branchial cleft cysts can exhibit focal strong reactivity limited to the superficial squamous epithelium and glandular epithelium. Although p16INK4A immunohistochemistry may be helpful in distinguishing oropharyngeal nonkeratinizing SCC from branchial cleft cysts in FNAB specimens, it is not helpful in cases of keratinizing SCC because these cases are typically negative for p16INK4A. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society.
A technique to improve diagnostic information from fine‐needle aspirations
Authors: Skov Birgit Guldhammer , Kiss Katalin , Ramsted Julie , Linnemann Dorte 
Published: February 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:Cytologic examination of fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) material is being used increasingly for the diagnosis of pulmonary lesions. Accurate distinction between nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC), including subgroups, and small cell lung cancer and between primary lung cancer and metastases has therapeutic impact. However, the distinction between these groups may be difficult on smears. In this report, the authors describe a simple method, called cytoscrape (CS), which can be used on virtually any smear to produce material useful for ancillary methods, including immunohistochemistry.METHODS:Aspirates from 47 patients who had possible malignant infiltrates identified on computed tomography scans of the chest were included. Smears were stained by May‐Grunwald‐Giemsa and Diff‐Quick for diagnostic purposes. CS material was obtained by gently scraping cells off the slides. Clots were made, and the sections were stained for thyroid transcription factor‐1 (TTF‐1) and mucin. The utility of the CS technique was evaluated by assessing the sensitivity and specificity of the method and by quantifying the extra diagnostic information obtained by the method relative to smears alone.RESULTS:Malignant tumor cells in the CS material were identified in 43 aspirates (91%). Both the sensitivity and the specificity for TTF‐1 were 100%. The sensitivity for mucin was 60%, and the specificity for mucin was 100%. The diagnoses made on smears were improved by CS in 31 patients (72%), in that more precise separation of subgroups of NSCLC was possible or information on primary tumors was obtained.CONCLUSIONS:The CS technique improved the diagnostic information from FNA in a clinically relevant way. The method is simple, quick, and inexpensive. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society.
On web communities mining and recommendation
Authors: Zhang Yanchun , Xu Guandong 
Published: February 2009

AbstractBecause of the lack of a uniform schema for web documents and the sheer amount and dynamics of web data, both the effectiveness and the efficiency of information management and retrieval of web data are often unsatisfactory when using conventional data management and searching techniques. To address this issue, we have adopted web mining and web community analysis approaches. On the basis of the analysis of web document contents, hyperlinks analysis, user access logs and semantic analysis, we have developed various approaches or algorithms to construct and analyze web communities, and to make recommendations. This paper will introduce and discuss several approaches on web community mining and recommendation. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Causality information and proactive cancellation mechanisms
Authors: Chetlur Malolan , Wilsey Philip A. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractTime Warp distributed simulations can enter a catastrophic state of cascading rollbacks where out of order (premature) event executions propagate faster than the corrective measures (anti‐messages) designed to terminate them. In this paper, a distributed, proactive cancellation mechanism designed to avoid this situation is presented. We also present a version of total clocks calledPlausible Total Clocks(PTC). PTC employs a compact time vector ofevent counter rangeto address the scalability issues typically suffered by total clock solutions. That is, PTC consists of constant size vectors and are independent of the number of simulation objects in the simulation. The events generated due to an out of order execution are proactively cancelled by determining its causality relation with the already annihilated events. We present a proof of correctness of the distributed cancellation mechanism using PTC and also show that the catastrophic states are avoided with this proactive cancellation mechanism. This cancellation mechanism assumes first‐input–first‐output communication layer, static inter‐connection topology, and logical processes consisting of multiple simulation objects. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A biologically inspired framework for multimedia service management in a ubiquitous environment
Authors: Hossain M. Shamim , Alamri A. , El Saddik Abdulmotaleb 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThis paper addresses several key issues in distributed multimedia services management and composition such as scalability, heterogeneity, and quality of service (QoS). The proposed framework introduces biologically inspired multimedia service management through the composition of basic multimedia services such as streaming services and different transcoding services. The biologically inspired approach is used for collecting the QoS requirements from individual transcoding services in order to select the most suitable services for the desired composition process. A prototype of the proposed framework is designed, implemented, and evaluated in terms of scalability and load balancing. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Increasing data reuse of sparse algebra codes on simultaneous multithreading architectures
Authors: Pichel J. C. , Heras D. B. , Cabaleiro J. C. , Rivera F. F. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractIn this paper the problem of the locality of sparse algebra codes on simultaneous multithreading (SMT) architectures is studied. In these kind of architectures many hardware structures are dynamically shared among the running threads. This puts a lot of stress on the memory hierarchy, and a poor locality, both inter‐thread and intra‐thread, may become a major bottleneck in the performance of a code. This behavior is even more pronounced when the code is irregular, which is the case of sparse matrix ones. Therefore, techniques that increase the locality of irregular codes on SMT architectures are important to achieve high performance. This paper proposes a data reordering technique specially tuned for these kind of architectures and codes. It is based on a locality model developed by the authors in previous works. The technique has been tested, first, using a simulator of a SMT architecture, and subsequently, on a real architecture as Intel's Hyper‐Threading. Important reductions in the number of cache misses have been achieved, even when the number of running threads grows. When applying the locality improvement technique, we also decrease the total execution time and improve the scalability of the code. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The HPC basic profile and SAGA: standardizing compute grid access in the open grid forum
Authors: Smith Chris , Kielmann Thilo , Newhouse Steven , Humphrey Marty 
Published: February 2009

AbstractAfter seven years of life the Open Grid Forum (OGF), previously the Global Grid Forum, is beginning to produce standards that meet the needs of the community and that are being adopted by commercial and open source software providers. Accessing computational resources, specifically high performance computing (HPC) resources, is a usage scenario that predates the emergence of the Grid, is well understood within the community, and is represented in numerous gathered use cases in different areas of Grid computing. Building on this consensus the HPC Profile Working Group was established within the OGF to standardize access to HPC resources. Its first specification, the HPC Basic Profile 1.0 has been developed and has established interoperability within the community. Alongside the development of this protocol, another group within the OGF, the Simple API for Grid Applications (SAGA) working group has been defining a programmatic interface relevant to application developers that encompasses access to compute resources. This paper examines the relationship between the ‘standard’ protocol of the HPC Basic Profile and the programmatic interface of SAGA to access compute resources and assesses how well these address the problems faced by the community of users and application developers. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.