bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Stone, the Deer, and the Mountain: Lower Paleolithic Scrapers and Early Human Perceptions of the Cosmos
Authors: Litov Vlad , Barkai Ran 
Published: February 2024

AbstractEvidence from the Levantine Late Lower Paleolithic sites of Jaljulia and Qesem Cave suggests that Quina scrapers, an innovation in a category of tools used mostly for butchery, emerged with changes in hunting practices. Quina scrapers were often made of non-local flint from the Samarian highlands, a home range of fallow deer populations throughout the ages. The predominance of fallow deer in the human diet following the disappearance of megafauna made scrapers key tools in human subsistence. Particular stone tools and particular prey animals, thus, became embedded in an array of practical, cosmological, and ontological conceptions whose origin we trace back to Paleolithic times. The mountains of Samaria, a source of both animals and stone under discussion, were part of this nexus. We present archaeological and ethnographic evidence of the practical and perceptual bonds between Paleolithic humans, animals, stones, and the landscape they shared.
Existence and multiplicity of solutions of Stieltjes differential equations via topological methods
Authors: Krajščáková Věra , Tojo F. Adrián F. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this work, we use techniques from Stieltjes calculus and fixed point index theory to show the existence and multiplicity of solution of a first order non-linear boundary value problem with linear boundary conditions that extend the periodic case. We also provide the Green’s function associated to the problem as well as an example of application.
Corporate venturing in times of crisis: securing resources through legitimacy
Authors: Weniger Stefanie , Jarchow Svenja 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAccelerating innovation and creating new businesses have become a top priority for today’s firms. Various corporate venturing (CV) modes have helped them achieve this goal. Yet, scholars and practitioners have noted the dynamic nature of CV initiatives that compete with other strategic initiatives for organizational resources and top management support. The fear that CV units face drastic cuts in times of crisis seems reasonable. To shed light on the resource dynamics and the CV units’ responsive actions, we conducted an abductive study with 16 CV units to analyze the CV units' response to the COVID-19 crisis that transformed the world in the spring of 2020. Our findings show that an external crisis can unsettle a CV unit’s internal legitimacy. In the adaption processes observed, we identify four different legitimacy-seeking mechanisms–adjusting, sensing, focusing, and mobilizing–used by the CV units to secure resources, support, and goodwill from relevant internal stakeholders. The mechanisms uncovered differ from previously studied strategies as they emphasize the dynamic nature of legitimation efforts. The mechanisms used are affected by the perceived organizational distress caused by the crisis and the CV unit’s pre-crisis legitimacy. Drawing on the critical role played by legitimacy in resource allocation decisions, this study allows us to better understand theoretically and practically how CV is embedded in organizational settings and how CV units can preserve internal (financial) resources.
Linking job autonomy to helping behavior: A moderated mediation model of transformational leadership and mindfulness
Authors: Pan Li , Kao Kuo-Yang , Hsu Hao-Hsin , Thomas Candice L. , Cobb Haley R. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe current study explores a psychological mechanism and boundary conditions on the relationship between job autonomy and helping behavior. Using the conservation of resources theory, we investigated whether job autonomy is related to helping behavior through mindfulness. Moreover, we tested the moderating role of transformational leadership on the direct effect of job autonomy on mindfulness and the indirect effect of job autonomy on helping behavior via mindfulness. We used two time-lagged data sets across two studies (N = 252 employees in Study 1 and N = 182 employees in Study 2) conducted in Taiwan. Study 1 supported the proposed hypotheses, and the results were replicated in Study 2, which found that job autonomy was positively related indirectly to helping behavior through mindfulness. In addition, the results of Study 2 provided additional support for transformational leadership as a moderator on the direct and indirect effects of job autonomy on mindfulness and helping behavior. Specifically, the direct effect of job autonomy on mindfulness and the indirect effect of job autonomy on helping behavior via mindfulness were stronger when transformational leadership was high compared to low.
Loquat, a non-native plant in Türkiye, is a key seasonal host in the life cycle of Thrips hawaiiensis (Morgan, 1913) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)
Authors: Satar Serdar , Tiring Gülsevim , Aslan Enver , Yiğit İsmail , Atakan Ekrem 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe Hawaiian flower thrips, Thrips hawaiiensis (Morgan, 1913) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) is an important pest of several fruit crops in Türkiye’s Mediterranean region, one of the world’s major citrus-growing regions. In this study, the population fluctuation of T. hawaiiensis and other thrips species was investigated in citrus orchards, weeds, and nearby loquat trees. Results showed significant differences in populations of T. hawaiiensis among citrus varieties. The highest population density and damage ratio of T. hawaiiensis among citrus species were recorded in lemon variety (Kütdiken). Thrips hawaiiensis was detected on Daucus carota L. and Amaranthus albus L. among weeds as well as on flowers of loquat in the sampling area. The life cycle of T. hawaiiensis switched seasonally among citrus, weed, and loquat host plants. In addition, Melanthrips pallidior (Priesner, 1919) was the predominant species on weeds in the sampling area. These data suggest that T. hawaiiensis populations may be affected by climatic variations and hosts in and around the citrus orchard. The results are important in optimizing thrips monitoring and management strategies in citrus.
An Individual-Based Spatial Epidemiological Model for the Spread of Plant Diseases
Authors: Cendoya Martina , Navarro-Quiles Ana , López-Quílez Antonio , Vicent Antonio , Conesa David 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn the study of plant disease epidemics, the state of each individual in the population and their spatial location should be considered when modeling disease spread. We present a model to describe the spread of plant diseases, where the infection of a susceptible individual depends on the transmission rate of infected individuals and the spatial correlation. This latter is introduced through the Matérn correlation function, accounting for spatial dependence based on distance. Almond leaf scorch disease, caused by the bacterium Xylella fastidiosa, was used as a case study to test the behavior of the model parameters and the variability due to the characteristics and location of initial disease introduction using a proposed simulation algorithm. The greatest variability in the results depended on the range parameter of the Matérn correlation, i.e., the distance at which two observations can be considered spatially uncorrelated, and the initial introduction. The spatial distribution of individuals also had a strong influence on disease spread, highlighting that areas without trees acted as barriers when their extent was greater than the range parameter. It should be stressed that this individual-based model can be applied to other plant diseases, adapting the parameter values to their particular epidemiological characteristics.
Sperm Preparation with Microfluidic Sperm Sorting Chip May Improve Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection Outcomes Compared to Density Gradient Centrifugation
Authors: Banti Maria , Van Zyl Estee , Kafetzis Dimitrios 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDoes sperm preparation using the FERTILE PLUS™ Sperm Sorting Chip improve fertilization rates, blastocyst formation, utilization, and euploidy rates in patients undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), compared with density gradient centrifugation (DGC)? A single-cohort, retrospective data review including data from 53 couples who underwent ICSI cycles within a 12-month period. For each couple, the two closest, consecutive cycles were identified, where one used the standard technique of sperm preparation (DGC) and the subsequent used FERTILE PLUS™, therefore, couples acted as their own controls. Paired samples t-test was used to compare means for the outcomes (fertilization, blastocyst formation, utilization, and euploidy rates). Binary logistic regression analysis assessed the relationship between female age, the presence of male factor infertility, and euploidy rates. Blastocyst, utilization, and euploidy rates were significantly higher for cycles using FERTILE PLUS™ compared to DGC (76% vs 56%, p = 0.002; 60% vs 41%, p = 0.005, and 40% vs 20%, p = 0.001, respectively). Although there was an increase in fertilization rates for cycles using FERTILE PLUS™, this was not significant (72% vs 68%, p = 0.449). The euploidy rates of females ≤ 35 years were significantly increased when the FERTILE PLUS™ sperm preparation method was used, compared to the older age group (OR 2.31, p = 0.007). No significant association was found between the presence or absence of male factor infertility and euploidy rates between the two cycles. This study provides tentative evidence that the FERTILE PLUS™ microfluidic sorting device for sperm selection can improve blastocyst formation, utilization, and euploidy rates following ICSI in comparison to the DGC method.
Weak Indestructibility and Reflection
Authors: Holland James 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThere is a balance between the amount of (weak) indestructibility one can have and the amount of strong cardinals. It’s consistent relative to large cardinals to have lots of strong cardinals and all of their degrees of strength are weakly indestructible. But this necessitates the destructibility of the partially strong cardinals. Guaranteeing the indestructibility of the partially strong cardinals is shown to be harder. In particular, this work establishes an equiconsistency between: 1.a proper class of cardinals that are strong reflecting strongs; and2.weak indestructibility for (κ+2)-strength for all cardinals κ in the presence of a proper class of strong cardinals.These have a much higher consistency strength than: 3.weak indestructibility for all degrees of strength for a proper class of strong cardinals.This discrepancy holds even if we weaken (2) from the presence of a proper class to just two strong cardinals. (2) is also equivalent to weak indestructibility for all λ-strength for λ far beyond (κ+2); well beyond the next measurable limit of measurables above κ, but before the next μ that is (μ+2)-strong.One direction of the equiconsistency of (1) and (2) is proven using forcing and the other using core model techniques from inner model theory. Additionally, connections between weak indestructibility and the reflection properties associated with Woodin cardinals are discussed, and similar results are derived for supercompacts and supercompacts reflecting supercompacts.Abstract prepared by James Holland.E-mail: jch258@scarletmail.rutgers.eduURL: https://sites.math.rutgers.edu/~jch258/assets/dis.pdf
Ordered Groups, Computability and Cantor-Bendixson Rank
Authors: Kazmi Waseet 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe study ordered groups in the context of both algebra and computability. Ordered groups are groups that admit a linear order that is compatible with the group operation. We explore some properties of ordered groups and discuss some related topics. We prove results about the semidirect product in relation to orderability and computability. In particular, we give a criteria for when a semidirect product of orderable groups is orderable and for when a semidirect product is computably categorical. We also give an example of a semidirect product that has the halting set coded into its multiplication structure but it is possible to construct a computable presentation of this semidirect product.We examine a family of orderable groups that admit exactly countably many orders and show that their space of orders has arbitrary finite Cantor–Bendixson rank. Furthermore, this family of groups is also shown to be computably categorical, which in particular will allow us to conclude that any computable presentation of the groups does not admit any noncomputable orders. Lastly, we construct an example of an orderable computable group with no computable Archimedean orders but at least one computable non-Archimedean order.Abstract prepared by Waseet Kazmi.E-mail: waseet.kazmi@uconn.eduURL: http://hdl.handle.net/11134/20002:860745910
Introducing www.epidemic-em.org: A Collection of Online Resources and Training Materials for Strengthening use of Emergency Operations Centers for Epidemic Response
Authors: Banaski James A. , Govender Nevashan , Groome Michelle J. , Houser Ryan , Greiner Ashley , Krishnan Sharanya , Means Brenna , Remmel Ryan , Vélez Alvarado Ileana , Standley Claire J. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objective:
This work aimed to demonstrate that a website, www.epidemic-em.org, encompassing “static” resources, and videos, as well as other tools, can be used to strengthen public health emergency management capacity during epidemic response.

Methods:
Existing resources were updated and developed for self-directed Emergency Operations Centers’ capacity strengthening, in order to encompass current best practices, and to emphasize how public health emergency management concepts can support epidemic response activities. These materials formed the core of the website, launched in June 2020, to which country case studies were added. In 2021, a pilot virtual training program was designed using recorded video lectures and interviews with global experts in addition to the website material, which was delivered to South African responders.

Results:
The website has been accessed in more than 135 countries, demonstrating widespread reach and interest in online and freely accessible materials to support public health emergency operations. Over 30 people participated in the pilot virtual training, and the evaluation showed improvement in knowledge, confidence in using emergency management concepts for epidemic response, and positive feedback on the virtual modality.

Conclusions:
Online tools can expand access to materials and resources for public health emergency management capacity strengthening. Virtual modalities can further serve as a powerful complement, and perhaps replacement, for traditional in-person technical assistance, despite some limitations.
Financial literacy, personal financial situation, and mental health among young adults in Sweden
Authors: Samuelsson Emma , Levinsson Henrik , Ahlström Richard 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFinancial literacy is today globally recognized as an essential life skill. However, many young adults have large debts due to consumption loans, and the situation in Sweden is escalating. Previous research has indicated a low financial literacy, and that the prevalence of mental illness is high within the group. In this report, we studied financial literacy, personal financial situation, and self-reported mental illness in a Swedish sample, comprising 2 057 respondents between 18 and 29 years. Our main findings indicate that financial literacy is lower than has previously been described, especially concerning knowledge about inflation. One in four reported they had consumption loans, one in three had loans to relatives, almost half of the respondents had perceived financial difficulties during the past year, and one out of ten had turned to the budget and debt advisor to receive help. Women showed lower financial literacy compared to men, indicating an important gender aspect. Our findings per se are sounding the alarm for policymakers to immediately pay attention in order to prevent the risk of becoming overindebted early in life. The present study highlights the urgent need to further study the complex relationship between financial literacy, personal financial situation, and mental illness among young adults.
What Is a Society? Building an Interdisciplinary Perspective and Why That's Important
Authors: Moffett Mark W. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
I submit the need to establish a comparative study of societies, namely groups beyond a simple, immediate family that have the potential to endure for generations, whose constituent individuals recognize one another as members, and that maintain control over access to a physical space. This definition, with refinements and ramifications I explore, serves for cross-disciplinary research since it applies not just to nations but to diverse hunter-gatherer and tribal groups with a pedigree that likely traces back to the societies of our common ancestor with the chimpanzees. It also applies to groups among other species for which comparison to humans can be instructive. Notably, it describes societies in terms of shared group identification rather than social interactions. An expansive treatment of the topic is overdue given that the concept of a society (even the use of such synonyms as primate “troop”) has fallen out of favor among biologists, resulting in a semantic mess; while sociologists rarely consider societies beyond nations, and social psychologists predominantly focus on ethnicities and other component groups of societies. I examine the relevance of societies across realms of inquiry, discussing the ways member recognition is achieved; how societies compare to other organizational tiers; and their permeability, territoriality, relation to social networks and kinship, and impermanence.
We have diverged from our ancestors in generating numerous affiliations within and between societies while straining the expectation of society memberships by assimilating diverse populations. Nevertheless, if, as I propose, societies were the first, and thereafter the primary, groups of prehistory, how we came to register society boundaries may be foundational to all human “groupiness.” A discipline-spanning approach to societies should further our understanding of what keeps societies together and what tear them apart.
Reflections on resilience
Authors: Chen Edith , Jiang Tao , Chen Michelle A. , Miller Gregory E. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractResilience research has long sought to understand how factors at the child, family, school, community, and societal levels shape adaptation in the face of adversities such as poverty and war. In this article we reflect on three themes that may prove to be useful for future resilience research. First is the idea that mental and physical health can sometimes diverge, even in response to the same social process. A better understanding of explanations for this divergence will have both theoretical and public health implications when it comes to efforts to promote resilience. Second is that more recent models of stress suggest that stress can accelerate aging. Thus, we suggest that research on resilience may need to also consider how resilience strategies may need to be developed in an accelerated fashion to be effective. Third, we suggest that if psychological resilience interventions can be conducted in conjunction with efforts to enact system-level changes targeted at adversities, this may synergize the impact that any single intervention can have, creating a more coordinated and effective set of approaches for promoting resilience in young people who confront adversity in life.
The effectiveness of cognitive behavioural therapy for depression in women with breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wieland Stephania , Melton Sarah , Bastounis Anastasios , Carter Tim 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackground:Depression is a common co-morbidity in women with breast cancer. Previous systematic reviews investigating cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) for depression in this population based their conclusions on findings from studies with varying and often limited specificity, quality and/or quantity of CBT within their interventions.Aim:To determine the effectiveness of a specific, well-evidenced CBT protocol for depression in women with breast cancer.Method:Online databases were systematically searched to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs) testing CBT (aligned to Beck’s protocol) as a treatment for depression in women with breast cancer. Screening, data extraction and risk of bias assessment were independently undertaken by two study authors. Both narrative synthesis and meta-analysis were used to analyse the data. The meta-analysis used a random effects model to compare CBT with non-active/active controls of depression using validated, self-report measures.Results:Six RCTs were included in the narrative synthesis, and five in the meta-analysis (n = 531 participants). Overall, CBT demonstrated an improvement in depression scores in the CBT condition versus active and non-active controls at post-intervention (SMD = –0.93 [95% CI –1.47, –0.40]). Narratively, five out of six RCTs reported statistically significant improvements in depression symptoms for CBT over control conditions for women with breast cancer.Conclusion:CBT aligned to Beck’s protocol for depression appears effective for treating depression in women with breast cancer. However, further research is needed for women with stage IV breast cancer. The clinical recommendation is that therapists utilise Beck’s CBT protocol for depression, whilst considering the complex presentation and adapt their practice accordingly.
High Peak Current Lightning and the Production of Elves
Authors: Bjørge‐Engeland Ingrid , Østgaard Nikolai , Marisaldi Martino , Luque Alejandro , Mezentsev Andrey , Lehtinen Nikolai , Chanrion Olivier , Fuglestad Anders Nødland , Neubert Torsten , Gordillo‐Vazquez Francisco J. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractElves are observed as expanding rings of light in the UV and visible optical bands. They are produced when electromagnetic pulses from lightning discharges interact with the lower parts of the ionosphere. Elves are well known to be associated with high peak current lightning discharges. Here, we use data from the Modular Multi‐spectral Imaging Array (MMIA) of the Atmosphere‐Space Interactions Monitor (ASIM), and search for observations of Elves when high peak current lightning discharges are detected by Vaisala's Global Lightning Detection network GLD360. We present two groups of events; high peak current detections associated with Elves and high peak current detections not associated with Elves. To understand why some current pulses with high peak currents do not produce observable Elves, we investigate and compare the lightning activity occurring before these two types of events, in terms of both the number of lightning discharges detected by GLD360 and the peak currents of the preceding discharges. Our results, using data from GLD360, suggest that current pulses with peak currents above |120| kA tend to produce Elves nearly always, regardless of the preceding lightning activity. For current pulses with peak currents between |70| and |120| kA, the number of observed Elves might be affected by the preceding lightning activity, or is the result of the characteristics of the storm cells that produce the Elve.