bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Telomeric 3′ overhangs in chronic HBV‐related hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Lee Jae‐Eun , Oh Bong‐Kyeong , Choi Jinsub , Park Young Nyun 
Published: April 2008

AbstractTelomeric 3′ overhang is a key component of telomere structure, but little is known about its role in hepatocarcinogenesis. We examined the 3′ overhang and telomere length, mRNA levels of hTERT, POT1, TRF1 and cytokeratin 19 (CK19) in 41 hepatitis B virus (HBV)‐related hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) and adjacent non‐HCCs of B viral chronic hepatitis/cirrhosis. 3′ overhang length was positively correlated with telomere length (p < 0.001). In non‐HCCs, the 3′ overhang shortened with increasing age (p = 0.043). Twenty‐six HCCs had shorter and 15 HCCs had longer 3′ overhangs than the adjacent non‐HCCs. The mRNA levels of hTERT, POT1 and TRF1 were upregulated in HCCs than in non‐HCCs. HCCs with lengthened 3′ overhangs expressed higher hTERT mRNA levels than those with shortened 3′ overhangs, when compared to 3′ overhangs in non‐HCCs (p = 0.044). POT1 and TRF1 showed no significant difference according to the 3′ overhangs. HCCs with long 3′ overhangs had higher mitosis (p = 0.046) and more frequent multipolar mitosis compared to those with short 3′ overhangs (p = 0.034). HCCs with high cytokeratin 19 mRNA levels, a marker for hepatic progenitor cells, had longer 3′ overhangs than HCCs with low cytokeratin 19 mRNA levels (p= 0.019). In conclusion, the 3′ overhang erosion might be closely related to the number of cell divisions in telomerase‐negative hepatocytes of chronic hepatitis/cirrhosis. In telomerase‐positive HCCs, an altered 3′ overhang are involved in HBV‐related hepatocarcinogenesis and hTERT might be involved in regulation of 3′ overhang. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hydraulic Management Drives Heat Budgets and Temperature Trends in a Mediterranean Reservoir
Authors: Moreno‐Ostos Enrique , Marcé Rafael , Ordóñez Jaime , Dolz Josep , Armengol Joan 
Published: April 2008

AbstractBy contrast to the more regular and predictable temperate lakes, heat budgets and temperature dynamics in Mediterranean reservoirs are characterized by a marked interannual variability. In the present paper, the heat content, annual Birgean heat budget (ABHB), and thermal structure of Sau Reservoir were examined during a period of hypolimnetic withdrawal between 1980 and 1985, and during a period of withdrawal at intermediate depths between 1996 and 2003. The two study periods were also characterized by a wide range of stored water volume fluctuations. Results were used to develop and validate an empirical model to predict annual and monthly heat dynamics statistics and mixed layer depth as a function of hydraulic management parameters such as water volume and selective withdrawal depth. During the hypolimnetic withdrawal period elevated ABHB and deep mixed layer depths were recorded in the reservoir, which behaved as a heat trap. By contrast, intermediate depth withdrawal promoted a shallower and more stable thermocline, thus increasing the cold hypolimnetic water volume and decreasing heat content and ABHB. The study reveals that hydraulic management constitutes the main driver of the heat and thermal dynamics in reservoirs with multiple withdrawal outlets. By contrast with the increasing temperature trends recorded in many natural lakes, the hydraulic management in Sau Reservoir induced a progressive reduction in water temperature and heat content in the system, thus partially counteracting the possible deleterious effects of global warming. Our intensive study in a single, highly‐dynamic ecosystem constitutes a new approximation to the study of thermal structure and heat dynamics in water bodies. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Finding of Pleuroxus smirnovi sp. nov. from the Pamir Region Revealed Today's Imperfect State of Systematics and Biogeography of the Chydorinae (Cladocera: Chydoridae)
Authors: Kotov Alexey A. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractPleuroxus smirnovi sp. nov. (Cladocera: Chydoridae) is found in a temporary freshwater body near Lake Zor‐Kul, the Pamirs (territory of Tajikistan). This large, brownish chydorine, with especially high body compressed laterally and supplied with a sharp dorsal keel, “untypical” of the genus Pleuroxus, at the same time, has the number of setae in filter plates of gnathobases II–V typical of this genus, namely 8‐8‐6‐4. My finding of P. smirnovi sp. nov. is a new evidence of an incomplete faunistic coverage and an imperfect state of today's systematics of the subfamily Chydorinae, because this new species has a set of characters apparently intermediate between the genera Pleuroxus Baird, 1843, Plurispina Frey, 1991 and Planicirculus Frey, 1991. Previously, large, compressed, and keeled chydorines were regarded as exclusively Australian, agreeing with ideas on a high endemism of the Australian cladoceran fauna. But after my finding of P. smirnovi sp. nov. we can speak only on “a predominantly Australian” distribution of such forms. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Corrosion resistance and cytocompatibility of biodegradable surgical magnesium alloy coated with hydrogenated amorphous silicon
Authors: Xin Yunchang , Jiang Jiang , Huo Kaifu , Tang Guoyi , Tian Xiubo , Chu Paul K. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe fast degradation rates in the physiological environment constitute the main limitation for the applications of surgical magnesium alloys as biodegradable hard‐tissue implants. In this work, a stable and dense hydrogenated amorphous silicon coating (a‐Si:H) with desirable bioactivity is deposited on AZ91 magnesium alloy using magnetron sputtering deposition. Raman spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy reveal that the coating is mainly composed of hydrogenated amorphous silicon. The hardness of the coated alloy is enhanced significantly and the coating is quite hydrophilic as well. Potentiodynamic polarization results show that the corrosion resistance of the coated alloy is enhanced dramatically. In addition, the deterioration process of the coating in simulated body fluids is systematically investigated by open circuit potential evolution and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The cytocompatibility of the coated Mg is evaluated for the first time using hFOB1.19 cells and favorable biocompatibility is observed. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2009
Heparin activates Wnt signaling for neuronal morphogenesis
Authors: Colombres Marcela , Henríquez Juan Pablo , Reig Germán F. , Scheu Jessica , Calderón Rosario , Alvarez Alejandra , Brandan Enrique , Inestrosa Nibaldo C. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractWnt factors are secreted ligands that affect different aspects of the nervous system behavior like neurodevelopment, synaptogenesis and neurodegeneration. In different model systems, Wnt signaling has been demonstrated to be regulated by heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs). Whether HSPGs modulate Wnt signaling in the context of neuronal behavior is currently unknown. Here we demonstrate that activation of Wnt signaling with the endogenous ligand Wnt‐7a results in an increased of neurite outgrowth in the neuroblastoma N2a cell line. Interestingly, heparin induces glycogen synthase kinase‐3β (GSK‐3β) inhibition, β‐catenin stabilization and morphological differentiation in both N2a cells and in rat primary hippocampal neuronal cultures. We also show that heparin modulates Wnt‐3a‐induced stabilization of β‐catenin. Several extracellular matrix and membrane‐attached HSPGs were found to be expressed in both in vitro neuronal models. Changes in the expression of specific HSPGs were observed upon differentiation of N2a cells. Taken together, our findings suggest that HSPGs may modulate canonical Wnt signaling for neuronal morphogenesis. J. Cell. Physiol. 216: 805–815, 2008, © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Symposium on the evolution and development of the vertebrate head
Authors: Depew Michael J. , Olsson Lennart 
Published: April 2008

AbstractAmong the symposia held at the seminal meeting of the European Society for Evolutionary Developmental Biology was one centered on the development and evolution of the vertebrate head, an exquisitely complex anatomical system. The articles presented at this meeting have been gathered in a special issue of the Journal of Experimental Zoology, and are here reviewed by the organizers of the symposia. These articles cover a breadth of subjects, including interactions between cells derived from the different germ layers, such as those underlying neural crest cell migration and fate and cranial muscle specification, as well as placode development and the origin, development, and evolution of important evolutionary innovations such as jaws and the trabecula cranii. In this introduction, we provide a short historical overview of themes of research into the fundamental organization, structure, and development of the vertebrate head, including the search for head segmentation and the relevance of the New Head Hypothesis, and subsequently present the topics discussed in each of the articles. This overview of the past and the present of head evo–devo is then followed by a glimpse at its possible future and a brief examination of the utility of the notions of heterochrony, heterotopy, and heterofacience in describing evolutionarily important changes in developmental events. J. Exp. Zool. (Mol. Dev. Evol.) 310B:287–293, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A comparative molecular force spectroscopy study of homophilic JAM‐A interactions and JAM‐A interactions with reovirus attachment protein σ1
Authors: Vedula Sri Ram Krishna , Lim Tong Seng , Kirchner Eva , Guglielmi Kristen M. , Dermody Terence S. , Stehle Thilo , Hunziker Walter , Lim Chwee Teck 
Published: April 2008

AbstractJAM‐A belongs to a family of immunoglobulin‐like proteins called junctional adhesion molecules (JAMs) that localize at epithelial and endothelial intercellular tight junctions. JAM‐A is also expressed on dendritic cells, neutrophils, and platelets. Homophilic JAM‐A interactions play an important role in regulating paracellular permeability and leukocyte transmigration across epithelial monolayers and endothelial cell junctions, respectively. In addition, JAM‐A is a receptor for the reovirus attachment protein, σ1. In this study, we used single molecular force spectroscopy to compare the kinetics of JAM‐A interactions with itself and σ1. A chimeric murine JAM‐A/Fc fusion protein and the purified σ1 head domain were used to probe murine L929 cells, which express JAM‐A and are susceptible to reovirus infection. The bond half‐life (t1/2) of homophilic JAM‐A interactions was found to be shorter ($k_{{\bf off}}^{\bf o} = 0.688 \pm 0.349\;{\bf s}^{ - 1} $) than that of σ1/JAM‐A interactions ($k_{{\bf off}}^{\bf o} = 0.067 \pm 0.041\;{\bf s}^{ - 1} $). These results are in accordance with the physiological functions of JAM‐A and σ1. A short bond lifetime imparts a highly dynamic nature to homophilic JAM‐A interactions for regulating tight junction permeability while stable interactions between σ1 and JAM‐A likely anchor the virus to the cell surface and facilitate viral entry. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The significance of ANXA7 expression and its correlation with poor cellular differentiation and enhanced metastatic potential of gastric cancer
Authors: Hsu Ping‐I , Huang Ming‐Shyan , Chen Hui‐Chun , Hsu Ping‐Ning , Lai Tsung‐Ching , Wang Jui‐Ling , Lo Gin‐Ho , Lai Kwok‐Hung , Tseng Ching‐Jiunn , Hsiao Michael 
Published: April 2008

AbstractBackgroundAnnexin‐A7 (ANXA7) exhibits biological and genetic properties expected of a tumor suppressor gene and may play a role in cancer progression. However, the ANXA7 expression in different histological subtypes of gastric adenocarcinomas and its correlation with invasive potentials has not been elucidated.MethodsImmunohistochemical staining of ANXA7 for 84 primary gastric adenocarcinomas was performed, and data was correlated with clinicopathological parameters of patients.ResultsThe ANXA7 expression was well correlated with the grade of differentiation of primary tumors. Its expression was detected in 100% (8/8), 64.9% (24/37), 66.7% (2/3), 31.9% (13/31), 0% (0/3), and 0% (0/2) of well‐differentiated tubular, moderately‐differentiated tubular, papillary, poorly differentiated, signet‐ring cell, and mucinous adenocarcinoma, respectively. According to the Lauren's classification, the ANXA7 expression was higher in intestinal type than in diffuse type tumor (71.9% vs. 6.1%, P = 0.003). The loss of expression of ANXA7 expression was significantly related to distant metastasis (P = 0.04). However, there were no significant associations between the ANXA7 expression and survival of cancer patients (P = 0.159).ConclusionsA striking correlation between ANXA7 expression and cell differentiation of gastric cancer was observed. The loss of expression of ANXA7 is associated with distant metastasis. J. Surg. Oncol. 2008;97:609–614. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
1H and 13C NMR assignments of two new diaryl ethers phomopsides A and B from the mangrove endophytic fungus (ZZF08)
Authors: Tao Yiwen , Mou Chengbo , Zeng Xianjian , Xu Fang , Cai Jiwen , She Zhigang , Zhou Shining , Lin Yongcheng 
Published: April 2008

AbstractTwo new diaryl ethers, named phomopside A (1) and B (2), together with known excelsione (3) were isolated from the mangrove endophytic fungus Phomopsis sp. (ZZF08) obtained from the South China Sea coast. The structure of 1 was elucidated by NMR spectroscopy and confirmed by X‐ray crystallography. Compounds 2 and 3 were identified by NMR spectroscopy and comparing the spectroscopic data with literature values. In addition, the plausible biogenetic path of 1, 2 and 3 is discussed. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Gene expression profiling of single bovine embryos uncovers significant effects of in vitro maturation, fertilization and culture
Authors: Smith Sadie L. , Everts Robin E. , Sung Li‐Ying , Du Fuliang , Page Raymond L. , Henderson Boyd , Rodriguez‐Zas Sandra L. , Nedambale Tshimangadzo L. , Renard Jean‐Paul , Lewin Harris A. , Yang Xiangzhong , Tian X. Cindy 
Published: April 2008

AbstractIn vitro production (IVP) has been shown to affect embryonic gene expression and often result in large offspring syndrome (LOS) in cattle and sheep. To dissect the effects of in vitro maturation, fertilization and culture on bovine embryos, we compared the expression profiles of single blastocysts generated by: (1) in vitro maturation, fertilization and culture (IVF); (2) in vivo maturation, fertilization and in vitro culture (IVD); and (3) in vivo maturation, fertilization and development (AI). To conduct expression profiling, total RNA was isolated from individual embryos, linearly amplified and hybridized to a custom bovine cDNA microarray containing approximately 6,300 unique genes. There were 306, 367, and 200 genes differentially expressed between the AI and IVD, IVF and IVD, and AI and IVF comparisons, respectively. Interestingly, 44 differentially expressed genes were identified between the AI embryos and both the IVF and IVD embryos, making these potential candidates for LOS. There were 60 genes differentially expressed between the IVF embryos and the AI and IVD embryos. The Gene Ontology category “RNA processing” was over‐represented among the genes that were down‐regulated in the IVF embryos, indicating an effect of in vitro oocyte maturation/fertilization on the ability to transcribe maternal RNA stores. A culture effect on the expression of genes involved in translation was also observed by the comparison of AI with IVD embryos. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 76: 38–47, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Perceived stress in survivors of suicide: Psychometric properties of the Perceived Stress Scale
Authors: Mitchell Ann M. , Crane Patricia A. , Kim Yookyung 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of three versions of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS; © American Sociological Association) in adults who had survived the death of a family member or significant other by suicide. Reliability and validity were examined. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted to assess dimensionality of the underlying constructs. All three versions of the PSS demonstrated acceptable reliability. Two shorter versions retained good psychometric properties and demonstrated convergent and concurrent validity with measures of posttraumatic stress symptoms and mental health quality of life. Factor analysis provided further evidence of their usefulness as brief and valid measures of perceived stress in acutely bereaved adult survivors of suicide. In a sub‐sample of closely related survivors, the psychometric properties of the 4‐item version of the PSS were retained. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 31:576–585, 2008
Receiving inconclusive genetic test results: An interpretive description of the BRCA1/2 experience
Authors: Maheu Christine , Thorne Sally 
Published: April 2008

AbstractWe examined the experience of 21 women diagnosed with breast or ovarian cancer who received inconclusive BRCA1/2 genetic test results. Although these women received similar information on the technical meaning of an inconclusive result, their interpretations of personal risk for a probable, inherited cancer mutation differed. Their interpretations ranged from confidence that they probably carried an undetected gene mutation to believing that their cancer had no genetic basis. Women drew from their personal experience with genetic testing and from distinctive perceptions and beliefs in attempting to understand their test results; they variously drew upon such evidence as observations of similarities and differences within familial breast/ovarian cancer patterns to explain their ultimate conclusions as to their own genetic status. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 31:553–562, 2008
Particulate reinforced PC/PBT composites. I. Effect of particle size (nanotalc versus fine talc particles) on dimensional stability and properties
Authors: DePolo W.S. , Baird D.G. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe effect of particle size (nanotalc versus fine talc) on the dimensional stability, mechanical properties, and morphology of composites consisting of polycarbonate (PC), poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT), and talc was investigated at various talc loadings. It was found that, by using nanotalc as opposed to fine talc particles, the level of talc reinforcement could be reduced from 6 to 1 wt% without sacrificing the dimensional stability, i.e. coefficient of linear thermal expansion and shrinkage of injection‐molded plaques, or flexural modulus of the PC/PBT/talc composites at a PC‐to‐PBT blend ratio of 60/40 by weight or greater. Further benefits included a 14% increase in flexural strength, 120% increase in the tensile toughness and 3% reduction in the density of the PC/PBT/talc composites. The improved stiffness is attributed to the higher aspect ratio (diameter/thickness of the platelets) of nanotalc (20–25) relative to that of the fine talc (5–10). An increase in the flexural modulus of the PC/PBT/talc composites with an increase in nanotalc loading was observed even though there was evidence of significant degradation in the molecular weight of the PC/PBT matrix. Possible degradation in the molecular weight of the PC/PBT matrix was supported by a significant reduction in the storage modulus and complex viscosity, at high frequencies of the composites generated with the nanotalc relative to that of the unfilled matrix. POLYM. COMPOS., 2009. © 2008 Society of Plastics Engineers.
The six‐minute walk test in outpatients with obesity: reproducibility and known group validity
Authors: Larsson Ulla Evers , Reynisdottir Signy 
Published: April 2008

AbstractBackground and Purpose. To assess the reproducibility and validity of the six‐minute walk test (6MWT) in men and women with obesity in order to facilitate evaluation of treatment outcome. Method. A test—retest design was used to test reproducibility and a comparative design to test known group validity. Forty‐three obese outpatients (16 male), mean age 47 (21–62) years, mean body mass index (BMI) 40 (3–62)kg‐m–2 performed the 6MWT twice within one week. Intraclass correlation (ICC1.1) and measurement error (Sw) were calculated from the mean square values derived from a one‐way repeated‐measures ANOVA (fixed effect model). The reproducibility was also analysed by means of coefficient of variation (CV) and the Bland Altman method including 95% limits of agreement. The variance of the distance walked was analysed by means of regressions. The known group validity of the 6MWT (distance walked and the work of walking) in obese participants was shown by comparisons with 41 lean participants (18 male), mean age 47 (24–65) years, mean BMI 22.7kg‐m–2 (19–25). Results. The obese group walked 534 m (confidence interval [CI] 508–560 the first and 552 m (CI 523–580) the second walk (p < 0.001). Sw was 25 m, CV 4.7%, ICC1.1 was 0.96. The limits of agreement were –46 m+80 m. The validity tests showed that they walked 162 m shorter (p < 0.001) and performed much heavier work (p < 0.001) than the lean group. In the obese group, BMI alone explained 38% of the variance of the distance walked. Conclusions. The 6MWT showed good reproducibility and known group validity and can be recommended for evaluating walking ability in subjects with obesity. For individual evaluation, however, an improved walking distance of at least 80 m was required to make the difference clinically significant. Despite shorter walking distance the obese participants performed heavier work than the lean. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of metabolic inhibitors on activity of Cry1Ab toxin to inhibit growth of Ephestia kuehniella larvae
Authors: Hubert Jan , Nesvorná Marta , Zemek Rostislav , Stará Jitka , Stejskal Václav 
Published: April 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND: Although the toxins of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Bt) are frequently used to control lepidopteran pests, the tolerance or resistance of some lepidopteran moth strains may limit Bt applications. In this study, insecticidal cocktails consisting of sublethal doses of Cry1Ab toxin and additive compounds were tested for their suppressive effect on larval relative growth rate (RGR) in Ephestia kuehniella Zeller under laboratory conditions.RESULTS: In the first step, the suppressive effect of diflubenzuron, soybean trypsin inhibitor (STI) and chitinase on RGR was confirmed. In the second step, these compounds were incorporated into a mixture of crushed kernels of Bt maize hybrid MON 810‐YieldGard® and its isoline with concentrations of Cry1Ab toxin ranging from 0.011 to 0.091 µg g−1 diet. An additive effect on the suppression of larval RGR in E. kuehniella was found in a combination of diflubenzuron, STI and STI + chitinase as secondary compounds in insecticidal cocktails. Chitinase showed no additive effect on RGR.CONCLUSION: The highest suppression level was found in cocktails with STI + chitinase as a secondary compound. It is hypothesized that the protease inhibitor (STI) protects both chitinase and Cry1Ab proteins from endogenous proteases in the larval midgut and prolongs their insecticidal activities. The possible application of insecticidal cocktails in the control of E. kuehniella is discussed. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry