bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The LOFAR – eFEDS survey: The incidence of radio and X-ray AGN and the disk–jet connection
Authors: Igo Z. , Merloni A. , Hoang D. , Buchner J. , Liu T. , Salvato M. , Arcodia R. , Bellstedt S. , Brüggen M. , Croston J. H. , de Gasperin F. , Georgakakis A. , Hardcastle M. J. , Nandra K. , Ni Q. , Pasini T. , Shimwell T. , Wolf J. 
Published: March 2024

Context. Radio jets are present in a diverse sample of AGN. However, the mechanisms of jet powering are not fully understood, and it remains unclear to what extent they obey mass-invariant scaling relations similar to those found for the triggering and fuelling of X-ray-selected AGN.
Aims. We use the multi-wavelength data in the eFEDS field observed by eROSITA/Spectrum-Roentgen-Gamma (SRG) and LOFAR to study the incidence of X-ray and radio AGN as a function of several stellar mass (M*)-normalised AGN power indicators.
Methods. From the LOFAR – eFEDS survey, we defined a new sample of radio AGN, with optical counterparts from Legacy Survey DR9, according to a radio-excess relative to their host star formation rate. We further divided the sample into compact and complex radio morphologies. In this work, we used the subset matching to the well-characterised, highly complete spectroscopic GAMA09 galaxies (0 < z < 0.4). We release this value-added LOFAR – eFEDS catalogue*. We calculated the fraction of GAMA09 galaxies hosting radio, X-ray, and both radio and X-ray AGN as functions of the specific black hole kinetic (λJet) and radiative (λEdd) power.
Results. Despite the soft-X-ray eROSITA-selected sample, the incidence of X-ray AGN as a function of λEdd shows the same mass-invariance and power law slope (−0.65) as that found in previous studies once corrected for completeness. Across the M* range probed, the incidence of compact radio AGN as a function of λJet is described by a power law with constant slope, showing that it is not only high mass galaxies hosting high power jets and vice versa. This slope is steeper than that of the X-ray incidence, which has a value of around −1.5. Furthermore, higher-mass galaxies are more likely to host radio AGN across the λJet range, indicating some residual mass dependence of jet powering. Upon adding complex radio morphologies, including 34 FRIIs, three of which are giant radio galaxies, the incidence not only shows a larger mass dependence but also a jet power dependence, being clearly boosted at high λJet values. Importantly, the latter effect cannot be explained by such radio AGN residing in more dense environments (or more massive dark matter haloes). The similarity in the incidence of quiescent and star-forming radio AGN reveals that radio AGN are not only found in “red and dead” galaxies. Overall, our incidence analysis reveals some fundamental statistical properties of radio AGN samples, but highlights open questions regarding the use of a single radio luminosity–jet power conversion. We explore how different mass and accretion rate dependencies of the incidence can explain the observed results for varying disk–jet coupling models.
Increasing the raw contrast of VLT/SPHERE with the dark hole technique
Authors: Galicher R. , Potier A. , Mazoyer J. , Wahhaj Z. , Baudoz P. , Chauvin G. 
Published: March 2024

Context. Imaging exoplanetary systems is essential to characterizing exoplanet atmospheres and orbits as well as circumstellar disks and to studying planet-disk interactions to understand the planet formation processes. Imaging exoplanets or circumstellar disks in the visible and near-infrared is challenging, however, because these objects are very faint relative to their star, even though only fractions of an arcsecond away. Coronagraphic instruments have already allowed the imaging of a few exoplanets, but their performance is limited by wavefront aberrations. Adaptive optics systems partly compensate for the Earth’s atmosphere turbulence, but they cannot fully control the wavefront. Some of the starlight leaks through the coronagraph and forms speckles in the astrophysical image. Focal plane wavefront control, used as a second stage after the adaptive optics system, has been proposed to minimize the speckle intensity within an area called the dark hole.Aims. We previously demonstrated the on-sky performance of dark hole techniques, pairwise probing coupled with electric field conjugation, using the apodized pupil Lyot coronagraph of the VLT/SPHERE instrument. In this paper, we probe their performance using the SPHERE four-quadrant phase mask coronagraph, and we demonstrate the interest of combining dark hole techniques and reference differential imaging.Methods. We used these dark hole techniques on-sky to create a dark hole in the narrow band around 1.7 |j.m observing HR 4796. We then recorded broadband images of HR 4796 and a reference star at theHband.Results. The dark hole techniques improved theH-band detection limit by a factor of three. The dark hole was stable from one star to a nearby star enabling reference differential imaging.Conclusions. This stability offers two new strategies of observation. First, one can quickly create a dark hole observing a bright star before pointing to a faint target star. Furthermore, one can couple dark hole techniques and reference differential imaging. A very interesting point is that the performance of these methods does not depend on the astrophysical signal.
Seven new triply eclipsing triple star systems
Authors: Rappaport S. A. , Borkovits T. , Mitnyan T. , Gagliano R. , Eisner N. , Jacobs T. , Tokovinin A. , Powell B. , Kostov V. , Omohundro M. , Kristiansen M. H. , Jayaraman R. , Terentev I. , Schwengeler H. M. , LaCourse D. , Garai Z. , Pribulla T. , Maxted P. F. L. , Bíró I. B. , Csányi I. , Pál A. , Vanderburg A. 
Published: March 2024

Aims. We have identified nearly a hundred close triply eclipsing hierarchical triple star systems from data taken with the space telescope TESS. These systems are noteworthy in that we can potentially determine their dynamical and astrophysical parameters with a high precision. In the present paper, we report the comprehensive study of seven new compact triply eclipsing triple star systems taken from this larger sample: TICs 133771812, 176713425, 185615681, 287756035, 321978218, 323486857, and 650024463.
Methods. Most of the data for this study come from TESS observations, but two of them have Gaia measurements of their outer orbits, and we obtained supplemental radial velocity (RV) measurements for three of the systems. The eclipse timing variation curves extracted from the TESS data, the photometric light curves, the RV points, and the spectral energy distribution (SED) are combined in a complex photodynamical analysis to yield the stellar and orbital parameters of all seven systems.
Results. Four of the systems are quite compact with outer periods in the range of 41–56 days. All of the systems are substantially flat, with mutual inclination angles of ≲2°. Including the systems reported in this work, we have now studied in considerable detail some 30 triply eclipsing triples with TESS, and are accumulating a meaningful census of these systems.
Comparaison de la dosimétrie et de la qualité d’image des équipements de radiologie conventionnelle utilisés pour les radiographies du Thorax et de l’ASP au niveau d’un GHT (Groupement Hospitalier de Territoire)
Authors: Couzon F. , Liogier A. , Boutet C. , Gineys V. 
Published: March 2024

Objectifs : Cette étude a pour but d’établir une cartographie territoriale complète et détaillée des salles de radiologie présentes sur un « Groupement Hospitalier de Territoire (GHT) », aussi bien pour la qualité d’image que pour la dosimétrie des radiographies du thorax et de l’ASP. Matériels et méthodes : Sur les différentes installations du GHT, la mesure du kerma dans l’air incident (Ki) et l’évaluation de la qualité d’image à l’aide de l’objet test TOR 18-FG ont été réalisées sur un fantôme de PMMA simulant l’atténuation d’un patient de gabarit standard. Une étude rétrospective complémentaire a également permis d’évaluer la performance clinique des installations. Résultats : L’engagement territorial a permis de recueillir des données pour 23 salles de radiologie au total. Pour la partie dosimétrique, il existe des facteurs 10,3 ; 8,6 et 8,2 entre les valeurs extrêmes des Ki respectivement pour les radiographies « ASP debout » (Abdomen Sans Préparation), « ASP couché » et « Thorax de face ». Concernant la qualité d’image, les disparités observées sont beaucoup plus faibles et semblent plus liées à la technologie de détection. Conclusion : Le travail effectué a permis de mettre en évidence des variations considérables concernant la dosimétrie des radiographies étudiées. Si le paramétrage des protocoles est souvent à l’origine de ces différences, les utilisateurs ont également un rôle majeur dans la radioprotection des patients.
The Frequency of Neuropathic Pain and Associated Factors in Patients
with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Büyük Ferda , Borman Pınar , Bakırcı Esra Şahingöz , Karakılıç Gülseren Demir 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence and incidence
of neuropathic pain (NP) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to
determine the relationship between neuropathic pain scores, quality of life and
functional status.
Methods 119 patients with RA and 45 control subjects with acute
non-inflammatory pain were recruited for the study. Disease activity with DAS28
(Disease Activity Score-28), pain visual analog scale, functional status and
quality of life were recorded. Quality of life was evaluated with the Rheumatoid
Arthritis Quality of Life Scale (RAQoL), and functional status was assessed with
the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ). The presence of NP was evaluated with
the LANSS (Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Signs), Douleur
Neuropathique 4 (DN4) and painDETECT questionnaires (PDQ).
Results The prevalence of NP according to LANSS, DN4 and PDQ was 63.9%,
58.8% and 51.3% in the RA group and 6.7%, 4.4% and 4.4% in the control group,
respectively. NP scores were significantly higher in the RA group (p<0.001).
LANSS, DN4 and PDQ scores correlated with VAS, HAQ and RAQoL scores.
Conclusion The NP evaluated with different pain questionnaires is not rare
in patients with RA and is related to functional status and quality of life.
Anatomical and Technical Considerations in Fascicular Nerve Transfers for Foot Drop
Authors: Seruya Mitchel 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background Foot drop is the common endpoint for a diverse set of nerve injuries, affecting over 128,000 in the United States each year. The level of injury, finite pace of regeneration, and/ exponential decay in the percentage of motor end-plates reinnervated over time may explain the limited success with natural recovery. Past nerve techniques have also been met with limited success.
Methods This narrative review explores why past nerve techniques have failed to correct foot drop.
Results Previously described nerve transfer techniques suffer from incompletely balancing the foot and ankle, poor donor-target nerve synergy, and/or not effectively bypassing the wide and oftentimes underappreciated zone of injury. For maximal stability, one should look to balance the foot in both dorsiflexion and eversion. Detailed descriptions and illustrations of the branching anatomy for the peroneal and tibial nerves are provided, with specific application to nerve transfer reconstruction.
Conclusion Based on an understanding of why past nerve techniques have failed to correct foot drop, a set of surgical principles can be codified to optimize functional outcomes. A surgical technique should be versatile enough to address foot drop from any of the three common pathways of injury (lumbar spine, sciatic nerve, and common peroneal nerve). With increasing familiarity using this once poorly understood anatomical region, limitations with past nerve transfer techniques may be overcome.
(n+3)-Cyclization for the Formation of Benzo[7]annulene Derivatives via a [1,4]-Hydride Shift: A Novel Cyclization Mode Involving an Internal Redox Reaction
Authors: Mori Keiji , Nagaki Jun , Kawasaki-Takasuka Tomoko 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe report a unique synthetic route to benzo[7]annulene derivatives. When benzylidene malonates having a 1-(N,N-dialkylamino)alkyl group at the ortho-position are treated with a stoichiometric amount of M(OTf)3 (M = Sc, Yb, Gd), three transformations ([1,4]-hydride shift/isomerization into an enamine/intramolecular Stork enamine acylation) proceed sequentially to afford various benzo[7]annulene derivatives in moderate chemical yields. To our knowledge, the present reaction is the first example of an internal redox reaction involving a [1,n]-hydride shift/(n+3)-cyclization process.
Regiocontrolled Ruthenium-Catalyzed Isomerization of Propargyl Alcohols
Authors: Haak Edgar , Skowaisa Steffen 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA diaminocyclopentadienone ruthenium complex allows control of regioselectivity in the ruthenium-catalyzed isomerization of propargyl alcohols through the choice of additive. Thereby, both products of the Meyer–Schuster rearrangement and redox isomerization products are selectively accessible. In the presence of hydroxylamine-O-sulfonic acid, unsaturated nitriles are formed instead. The ruthenium catalyst is readily available and stable to moisture, air, and acidic conditions.
A Photochemical Strategy for the Synthesis of Caprolactams via Dearomative Ring Expansion of Nitroarenes
Authors: Ruffoni Alessandro , Leonori Daniele , Sánchez-Bento Raquel , Bui Linda , Duong Vincent K. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis paper outlines a novel strategy for the preparation of seven-membered-ring lactams from simple nitroarenes. The approach is based on a photochemical dearomative ring expansion starting with the conversion of the nitro group into a singlet nitrene. This process is mediated by blue light, occurs at room temperature and overall enables the insertion of the nitro N-atom into the benzenoid framework. This step transforms the aromatic starting material into a seven-membered ring azepine that, following hydrogenation and hydrolysis, is converted into the desired caprolactams in just three steps.
Building Equitable Neuroscience Research Collaborations in Resource-limited Settings
Authors: Asukile Melody T. , Zunt Joseph R. , Thakur Kiran T. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe burden of noncommunicable neurological disorders, such as stroke, dementia, and headache disorders, are on the rise in low- to middle-income countries (LMICs), while neuroinfectious diseases remain a major concern. The development of neuroscience research aimed at defining the burden of neurological diseases across the lifespan, as well as optimizing diagnosis and treatment strategies, is fundamental to improving neurological health in resource-limited settings. One of the key factors to advancing neuroscience research in LMICs is the establishment of effective collaborations based on responsible and trustworthy partnerships between local scientists in LMICs and international collaborators. LMIC researchers face many logistical, institutional, and individual level challenges as they embark on their neuroscience research journey. Despite these challenges, there are opportunities for improving LMIC investigator-led research that should focus on human and institutional infrastructure development. With regard to human capacity building, potential areas for offering support include enhancing research methodology training, offering instruction in manuscript and grant-writing, institutionalizing mentorship programs, and providing opportunities to conduct funded, mentored research to disseminate in high-impact journals. The foundational elements required for implementing and optimizing neuroscience research within an institution include an institutional review board, mentorship programs, data management, research administration, and laboratory facilities. This institutional capacity varies significantly across and within countries, and many rely on collaborations with better-resourced institutions to initiate research. Successful equitable collaborations ensure the engagement of all local and international stakeholders, as well as implementation of a self-sustaining long-term program. Building research capacity in LMICs is an essential endeavor that requires ongoing commitment to training independent scientists. As research capacity increases, LMIC institutions and governments should consider developing competitive research grant programs to support innovative studies led by local researchers, foster regional collaborations, and hence create a sustainable and independent neuroscience research environment.
Design and Implementation of a Didactic Curriculum in a Large Neonatal–Perinatal Medicine Fellowship Program: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Mukthapuram Shanmukha , Johnson Beth Ann , Slagle Cara , Erickson John , Kamath-Rayne Beena D. , Brady Jennifer M. 
Published: March 2024

Objective Although the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education and American Board of Pediatrics (ABP) provide regulations and guidance on fellowship didactic education, each program establishes their own didactic schedules to address these learning needs. Wide variation exists in content, educators, amount of protected educational time, and the format for didactic lectures. This inconsistency can contribute to fellow dissatisfaction, a perceived poor learning experience, and poor attendance. Our objective was to create a Neonatal–Perinatal Medicine (NPM) fellow curriculum based on adult learning theory utilizing fellow input to improve the perceived fellow experience.
Study Design A needs assessment of current NPM fellows at Cincinnati Children's Hospital was conducted to guide the development of a new curriculum. Fellow perception of educational experience and board preparedness before and after introduction of the new curriculum was collected. Study period was from October 2018 to July 2021.
Results One hundred percent of the fellows responded to the needs assessment survey. A response rate of 100 and 87.5% were noted on mid-curriculum survey and postcurriculum survey, respectively. Key themes identified and incorporated into the curriculum included schedule structure, content, and delivery mode. A new didactic curriculum implementing a consistent schedule of shorter lectures grouped by organ system targeting ABP core content was created. After curriculum implementation, fellows had higher self-perception of board preparedness, and overall improved satisfaction.
Conclusion Our positive experience in implementing this curriculum provides a framework for individual programs to implement similar curricula, and could be utilized to aid in development of national NPM curricula.
Key Points
Comparison of National Factor-Based Models for Preeclampsia Screening
Authors: Ghesquière Louise , Bujold Emmanuel , Dubé Eric , Chaillet Nils 
Published: March 2024

Objective This study aimed to compare the predictive values of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG), the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), and the Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists of Canada (SOGC) factor-based models for preeclampsia (PE) screening.
Study Design We conducted a secondary analysis of maternal and birth data from 32 hospitals. For each delivery, we calculated the risk of PE according to the ACOG, the NICE, and the SOGC models. Our primary outcomes were PE and preterm PE (PE combined with preterm birth) using the ACOG criteria. We calculated the detection rate (DR or sensitivity), the false positive rate (FPR or 1 − specificity), the positive (PPV) and negative (NPV) predictive values of each model for PE and for preterm PE using receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves.
Results We used 130,939 deliveries including 4,635 (3.5%) cases of PE and 823 (0.6%) cases of preterm PE. The ACOG model had a DR of 43.6% for PE and 50.3% for preterm PE with FPR of 15.6%; the NICE model had a DR of 36.2% for PE and 41.3% for preterm PE with FPR of 12.8%; and the SOGC model had a DR of 49.1% for PE and 51.6% for preterm PE with FPR of 22.2%. The PPV for PE of the ACOG (9.3%) and NICE (9.4%) models were both superior than the SOGC model (7.6%; p < 0.001), with a similar trend for the PPV for preterm PE (1.9 vs. 1.9 vs. 1.4%, respectively; p < 0.01). The area under the ROC curves suggested that the ACOG model is superior to the NICE for the prediction of PE and preterm PE and superior to the SOGC models for the prediction of preterm PE (all with p < 0.001).
Conclusion The current ACOG factor-based model for the prediction of PE and preterm PE, without considering race, is superior to the NICE and SOGC models.
Key Points
Unveiling the structural and bonding properties of AuSi2− and AuSi3− clusters: A comprehensive analysis of anion photoelectron spectroscopy and ab initio calculations
Authors: Lu Sheng-Jie 
Published: March 2024

Silicon clusters infused with transition metals, notably gold, exhibit distinct characteristics crucial for advancing microelectronics, catalysts, and energy storage technologies. This investigation delves into the structural and bonding attributes of gold-infused silicon clusters, specifically AuSi2− and AuSi3−. Utilizing anion photoelectron spectroscopy and ab initio computations, we explored the most stable isomers of these clusters. The analysis incorporated Natural Population Analysis, electron localization function, molecular orbital diagrams, adaptive natural density partitioning, and Wiberg bond index for a comprehensive bond assessment. Our discoveries reveal that cyclic configurations with the Au atom atop the Si–Si linkage within the fundamental Si2 and Si3 clusters offer the most energetically favorable structures for AuSi2− and AuSi3− anions, alongside their neutral counterparts. These anions exhibit notable highest occupied molecular orbital–lowest unoccupied molecular orbital gaps and significant σ and π bonding patterns, contributing to their chemical stability. Furthermore, AuSi2− demonstrates π aromaticity, while AuSi3− showcases a distinctive blend of σ antiaromaticity and π aromaticity, crucial for their structural robustness. These revelations expand our comprehension of gold-infused silicon clusters, laying a theoretical groundwork for their potential applications in high-performance solar cells and advanced functional materials.
Energy-dependent photoion angular distributions in two-body Coulomb explosions of molecules
Authors: Guo Keyu , Li Yingbin , Li Min , Cao Chuanpeng , Duan Xueqing , Liu Yang , Liu Yupeng , Li Zichen , Xu Jingkun , Zhou Yueming , Yu Benhai , Lu Peixiang 
Published: March 2024

We experimentally study two-body Coulomb explosions of CO2, O2, and CH3Cl molecules in intense femtosecond laser pulses. We observe an obvious variation in the ionic angular distribution of the fragments with respect to the kinetic energy releases (KERs). Using a classical model based on ab initio potential energy curves, we find that the dependence of the ionic angular distribution on the KER is relevant to the fact that the accurate potential energy deviates significantly from the value determined by applying the Coulomb interaction approximation at a relatively small internuclear distance of the molecule. We show that the KER-dependent ionic angular distribution provides an effective way to determine the critical internuclear distance at which the Coulomb interaction approximation holds or breaks down without relying on the knowledge of the accurate potential energy curves.