bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dimethyl Amine Detection using Polydiacetylene Functionalized Cellulose Paper
Authors: Madivoli E. S. , Wanakai S. I. , Kimani P. K. , Makhanu D. S. , Kareru P. G. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis work demonstrates our effort to develop stimuli responsive cellulose films for the detection of dimethyl amines, a biogenic amine, released during food decomposition. Herein, we demonstrate that thin layer deposition of polydiacetylene‐zinc oxide nanosheets (PDA‐ZnO) on cellulose (CE) paper yields a stimuli responsive strip exhibiting strong thermochromism and solvatochromism against dimethyl amine. The incorporation of Zn nanoclusters within the composite plays an essential role in achieving reversible thermochromism while strong intermolecular interactions promote adsorption of PDA‐ZnO on cellulose paper. X‐ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy reveal that the Zn2+ ions intercalate with PDA bilayer and strongly interact with the carboxylate headgroup of PDA. Furthermore, the reversible thermochromism persist when the nanosheets are deposited on cellulose (CE) paper when assembling PDA‐ZnO−CE paper. In addition, PDA‐ZnO−CE displayed selective solvatochromism allowing the utilization of the paper in the detection of dimethyl amine as it displayed a distinct and remarkable purple to orange colour transition. In particular, the response of the PDA‐ZnO−CE paper in several other organic solvents was poor as no transitions were observed hence its selectivity towards dimethylamine. In conclusion, the incorporation of PDA‐ZnO on cellulose paper is a step forward towards designing of a stimuli responsive packaging material that can detect biogenic amines released during food decomposition thereby preventing food poisoning.
Fabrication of Electronically Conductive Protein‐Heme Nanowires for Power Harvesting
Authors: Travaglini Lorenzo , Lam Nga T. , Sawicki Artur , Cha Hee‐Jeong , Xu Dawei , Micolich Adam P. , Clark Douglas S. , Glover Dominic J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractElectronically conductive protein‐based materials can enable the creation of bioelectronic components and devices from sustainable and nontoxic materials, while also being well‐suited to interface with biological systems, such as living cells, for biosensor applications. However, as proteins are generally electrical insulators, the ability to render protein assemblies electroactive in a tailorable manner can usher in a plethora of useful materials. Here, an approach to fabricate electronically conductive protein nanowires is presented by aligning heme molecules in proximity along protein filaments, with these nanowires also possessing charge transfer abilities that enable energy harvesting from ambient humidity. The heme‐incorporated protein nanowires demonstrate electron transfer over micrometer distances, with conductive atomic force microscopy showing individual nanowires having comparable conductance to other previously characterized heme‐based bacterial nanowires. Exposure of multilayer nanowire films to humidity produces an electrical current, presumably through water molecules ionizing carboxyl groups in the filament and creating an unbalanced total charge distribution that is enhanced by the heme. Incorporation of heme and potentially other metal‐center porphyrin molecules into protein nanostructures could pave the way for structurally‐ and electrically‐defined protein‐based bioelectronic devices.
Water‐Capture Filter Paper Separator Realizing Ambient Li–Air Battery
Authors: Jiang Haonan , Meng Siqi , Gao Rui , Chu Dongxue , Gao Ze , Hu Jiaqi , Xu Hongji , Feng Ming 
Published: April 2024

AbstractLithium–air battery (LAB) is regarded as one of the most promising energy storage systems. However, the challenges arising from the lithium metal anode have significantly impeded the progress of LAB development. In this study, cellulose‐based filter paper (FP) is utilized as a separator for ambient Li–air batteries to suppress dendrite growth and prevent H2O crossover. Thermogravimetric analysis and molecular spectrum reveal that FP enables ambient Li–air battery operation due to its surface functional groups derived from cellulose. The oxygen‐enriched surface of cellulose not only enhances ion conductivity but also captures water and confines solvent molecules, thereby mitigating anode corrosion and side reactions. Compared with commercial glassfiber (GF) separator, this cellulose‐based FP separator is cheaper, renewable, and environmentally friendly. Moreover, it requires less electrolyte while achieving prolonged and stable cycle life under real air environment conditions. This work presents a novel approach to realizing practical Li–air batteries by capturing water on the separator's surface. It also provides insights into the exploration and design of separators for enabling practical Li–air batteries toward their commercialization.
Robust Hydrogel Actuators Functioning in Multi‐Environments Enabled by Thermo‐Responsive Polymer Nanoparticle Coatings on Hydrogel Surfaces
Authors: Zhang Mengnan , Shen Haokun , Hakobyan Karen , Jiang Zhen , Liang Kang , Xu Jiangtao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHydrogel actuators with anisotropic structures exhibit reversible responsiveness upon the trigger of various external stimuli, rendering them promising for applications in many fields including artificial muscles and soft robotics. However, their effective operation across multiple environments remains a persistent challenge, even for widely studied thermo‐responsive polymers like poly(N‐isopropyl acrylamide) (PNIPAm). Current attempts to address this issue are hindered by complex synthetic procedures or specific substrates. This study introduces a straightforward methodology to grow a thin, dense PNIPAm nanoparticle layer on diverse hydrogel surfaces, creating a highly temperature‐sensitive hydrogel actuator. This actuator demonstrates adaptability across various environments, including water, oil, and open air, owing to its distinct structure facilitating self‐water circulation during actuation. The thin PNIPAm layer consists of interconnected PNIPAm nanoparticles synthesized via in situ interfacial precipitation polymerization, seamlessly bonded to the hydrogel substrate through an interfacial layer containing hybrid hydrogel/PNIPAm nanoparticles. This unique anisotropic structure ensures exceptional structural stability without interfacial delamination, even enduring harsh treatments such as freezing, ultrasonic irradiation, and prolonged water immersion. Remarkably, PNIPAm films on hydrogel surfaces which enable programmable 3D actuation can also be precisely patterned. This synthetic approach opens a novel pathway for fabricating advanced hydrogel actuators with broad‐ranging applications.
Controlled Synthesis of Preferential Facet‐Exposed Fe‐MOFs for Ultrasensitive Detection of Peroxides
Authors: Wu Yuquan , Lei Da , Li Jiawen , Luo Ying , Du Yuwan , Zhang Shi , Zu Baiyi , Su Yuhong , Dou Xincun 
Published: April 2024

AbstractExposing different facets on metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) is highly desirable to enhance the performance for various applications, however, exploiting a concise and effective approach to achieve facet‐controlled synthesis of MOFs remains challenging. Here, by modulating the ratio of metal precursors to ligands, the facet‐engineered iron‐based MOFs (Fe‐MOFs) exhibits enhanced catalytic activity for Fenton reaction are explored, and the mechanism of facet‐dependent performance is revealed in detail. Fully exposed (101) and (100) facets on spindle‐shaped Fe‐MOFs enable rapid oxidation of colorless o‐phenylenediamine (OPD) to colored products, thereby establishing a dual‐mode platform for the detection of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and triacetone triperoxide (TATP). Thus, a detection limit as low as 2.06 nm is achieved, and robust selectivity against a wide range of common substances (>16 types) is obtained, which is further improved by incorporating a deep learning architecture with an SE‐VGG16 network model, enabling precise differentiation of oxidizing agents from captured images. The present strategy is expected will shine light on both the rational synthesis of nanomaterials with modulated morphologies and the exploitation of high‐performance trace chemical sensors.
Powering the Future by Iron Sulfide Type Material (FexSy) Based Electrochemical Materials for Water Splitting and Energy Storage Applications: A Review
Authors: Farhan Ahmad , Qayyum Wajeeha , Fatima Urooj , Nawaz Shahid , Balčiūnaitė Aldona , Kim Tak H. , Srivastava Varsha , Vakros John , Frontistis Zacharias , Boczkaj Grzegorz 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWater electrolysis is among the recent alternatives for generating clean fuels (hydrogen). It is an efficient way to produce pure hydrogen at a rapid pace with no unwanted by‐products. Effective and cheap water‐splitting electrocatalysts with enhanced activity, specificity, and stability are currently widely studied. In this regard, noble metal‐free transition metal‐based catalysts are of high interest. Iron sulfide (FeS) is one of the essential electrocatalysts for water splitting because of its unique structural and electrochemical features. This article discusses the significance of FeS and its nanocomposites as efficient electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER), hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), and overall water splitting. FeS and its nanocomposites have been studied also for energy storage in the form of electrode materials in supercapacitors and lithium‐ (LIBs) and sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs). The structural and electrochemical characteristics of FeS and its nanocomposites, as well as the synthesis processes, are discussed in this work. This discussion correlates these features with the requirements for electrocatalysts in overall water splitting and its associated reactions. As a result, this study provides a road map for researchers seeking economically viable, environmentally friendly, and efficient electrochemical materials in the fields of green energy production and storage.
Design and economic implications of using steel fibers in elevated slabs of multi‐story buildings
Authors: Malladi Bhanu Prakash , Venkateshwaran Akshay , Nayaka R. Ramesh 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis paper presents a comprehensive comparison between conventional reinforced concrete (RC) and steel fiber‐reinforced concrete (SFRC) slabs. Twenty‐two‐way rectangular RC and SFRC slabs are designed with varying dimensions, aspect ratios, and boundary conditions, following verified international standards to compare the steel quantities in a unique study. SFRC slabs with larger aspect ratios and discontinuous edges required significantly higher steel percentages than square slabs, as the random three‐dimensional distribution of steel fibers suited the load distribution pattern of square slabs. To further conduct a detailed design and economic feasibility case study on a realistic building model, two 12‐story buildings are computationally designed with RC and SFRC alternatives. The results indicate that SFRC slabs required approximately 25% more steel than RC slabs due to the uniform distribution of steel fibers throughout the section. Project cost and time estimates were conducted based on standard productivity manuals and cost databases in two distinct economies, India and the USA. Despite the higher steel requirements, the 12‐story SFRC building showed time savings of 34.1 days (5.44%) and cost savings of 4.88% and 1.27% when constructed in the USA and India, respectively. The results are compared with limited available data in literature. In conclusion, the study suggests that SFRC slabs in multi‐story buildings could be more economically favorable in countries with higher labor costs.
Fuzzy‐AHP methodology for ranking of hospitals based on waste management practices: A study of Gwalior City
Authors: Agarwal Aditya Kumar , Sharma Kamal 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWithin the scope of this research, the fuzzy‐analytical hierarchy process (F‐AHP) method is applied to assess the waste management approaches adopted by various hospitals in the city of Gwalior, India. Fuzzy‐AHP, as an alternative to traditional AHP, accommodates uncertainty and imprecision, offering a decision‐making method that is more adaptable and realistic. The F‐AHP methodology, delineated in a seven‐step process, incorporates pairwise comparisons, fuzzy mathematics, and linguistic variables to compute fuzzy weights for waste management criteria, encompassing physical, biological, social, and economic aspects. Hospital 1, with a weight value of 0.406 and strict adherence to the Bio‐medical Waste Management (Amendment), 2018 rules and regulations of the Government of India, emerges as the most promising sustainability hospital based on the F‐AHP analysis findings. Conversely, Hospital 5 exhibits the poorest waste management practices among the surveyed hospitals, earning the lowest possible ranking. While the proposed F‐AHP method provides valuable insights, the study is limited to a specific geographic area (Gwalior) and potential variations based on environmental factors. Additionally, the practical implications extend beyond the general emphasis on continuous monitoring to include specific actions for hospitals to enhance their waste management systems.
Difficult‐to‐treat inflammatory bowel disease: Effectiveness and safety of 4th and 5th lines of treatment
Authors: Caron Bénédicte , Habert Alexandre , Bonsack Olivier , Camara Houda , Jeanbert Elodie , Parigi Tommaso Lorenzo , Netter Patrick , Danese Silvio , Peyrin‐Biroulet Laurent 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundMany patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have signs or symptoms of active disease despite multiple treatment attempts. This emerging concept is defined as difficult‐to‐treat IBD.AimThe objective of this study was to investigate for the first time the treatment persistence, efficacy and safety of biologics or small molecules used in 4th or 5th line therapy.MethodsWe reviewed all consecutive patients with IBD treated at the Nancy University Hospital between July 2022 and April 2023 with the 4th or 5th line treatment for at least three months. The primary outcome was to assess the persistence rate of 4th and 5th line therapy.ResultsWe enrolled 82 patients with IBD (4th line: 44; 5th line: 38). On Kaplan–Meier analysis, the duration of risankizumab, ustekinumab or vedolizumab therapy did not differ significantly (p > 0.05) as 4th and 5th line treatment. The restricted mean survival time analysis showed that the persistence rate of risankizumab was the highest as 4th line therapy (risankizumab vs. vedolizumab: 36.0 and 29.4 weeks, respectively, p = 0.008; risankizumab vs. ustekinumab: 36.0 and 32.8 weeks, respectively, p = 0.035). In multivariate regression, Crohn's disease diagnosis (Odd ratio 4.6; 95% confidence interval 1.7–12.4) was significantly associated with treatment persistence.ConclusionIn this first real‐world setting, risankizumab could have a longer persistence rate as 4th line treatment for IBD than other agents. Persistence of biological agents was greater in Crohn's disease than in ulcerative colitis. More studies are needed to compare treatment efficacy in patients with difficult‐to‐treat IBD.
Effects of in ovo injection of organic selenium on the hatchability of broiler breeder hen eggs and resulting chick physiology and performance
Authors: Ghane‐Khoshkebijari Farhad , Seidavi Alireza , Bouyeh Mehrdad 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundSelenium is an essential mineral for poultry. The conflicting reports about its in ovo injection are the justification for the more detailed investigation.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate the effects of in ovo injection of organic selenium on the hatching traits of broiler chickens and their performance.MethodsThree hundred and twenty eggs of Ross 308 strain with an average weight of 65 g and 160 chicks were randomly divided into 4 treatment groups (each with 8 replicates of 10 eggs each for hatching parameters and 4 replicates of 10 chicks for broiler farming parameters): negative control (no injection), positive control (in ovo injection of 0.272 mL of normal saline solution) and 2 selenium treatments (in ovo injection of 2.72 or 5.44 μg of organic selenium). Injection was into the amniotic sac on the 10th day of incubation. Effects of in ovo injection on hatching and performance traits, blood parameters, immune responses, carcass characteristics, meat fatty acid profile, cecal microbial population and selenium consternation in the tibia were measured.ResultsFewer chicks from the injected treatments hatched than from the negative control group (p < 0.01). However, the injection of selenium increased feed intake and the final weight of the birds (p < 0.01). Blood parameters were also affected. Glucose and cholesterol in experimental treatment chicks was lower than those of the controls (p < 0.01), whereas blood lipoproteins (VLDL, LDL and HDL) and the ratio of cholesterol to HDL was significantly increased in the treatments injected with selenium (p < 0.01). There was no significant difference in the immune response or microbial population between the experimental groups, but carcass components, such as thigh, breast, wing and abdominal fat weight, were significantly greater in the selenium treatments.ConclusionsIntra‐egg injection of organic selenium produced favourable effects on performance of broiler chickens, although it had no effect on immune response or microbial population. However, the negative effect on hatching of chickens needs to be prevented to result in an acceptable economic return for the producer.
Greener through gender: What climate mainstreaming can learn from gender mainstreaming
Authors: Lam Steven , Novović Gloria , Skinner Kelly , Nguyen‐Viet Hung 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAddressing the urgent global climate crisis demands a rapid and meaningful expansion of “climate mainstreaming,” which refers to the integration of climate objectives in all aspects of development programs and policies. However, progress remains slow and uneven due to bottlenecks in policy and institutional change. Considering the parallel struggle recorded over decades to mainstream gender across the same policy arenas, a key question emerges: what can climate mainstreaming learn from gender mainstreaming? To answer this question, we review 57 policy, strategy, and guidance documents of United Nations agencies, all of which integrate these themes into food security and broader development programming. Our analysis identifies gaps in climate mainstreaming efforts and derives lessons from gender mainstreaming to bridge these gaps. It underscores the importance of adapting programmatic mainstreaming strategies in response to evolving contexts, for example, by simultaneously considering both mainstreaming and targeted interventions. Additionally, it highlights the need to adopt organizational climate mainstreaming and establish mechanisms for accountability. Finally, it emphasizes the urgency of embracing a climate justice lens; in practice, this involves prioritizing populations at greater risk of climate change impacts and actively engaging diverse perspectives in decision‐making, particularly communities facing multiple forms of discrimination.This article is categorized under:
Integrated Assessment of Climate Change > Assessing Climate Change in the Context of Other Issues
Climate and Development > Sustainability and Human Well‐Being
Policy and Governance > International Policy Framework
Thermal inspection of hybrid nanofluid flows over a stretched cylinder at an oblique stagnation point with variable characteristics
Authors: Li Shuguang , Shahmir Nazia , Ramzan Muhammad , Ahammad N. Ameer , Alhuthali Abdullah M. S. , Saleel C. Ahamed , Kadry Seifedine 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe enhanced thermal characteristics of hybrid nanofluids make them more versatile compared to conventional fluids. These improved thermal properties render hybrid nanomaterials highly practical for a wide range of applications, including solar systems, energy production, and cooling processes. In line with this perspective, the current study concentrates on evaluating the thermal performance of two unique hybrid nanofluid flows that impinge obliquely on a stretched cylinder. Two base fluids, FC‐77 and a binary mixture of water and ethylene glycol (50:50)%, have been considered, with the addition of nanoparticles such as single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The said model's novelty is enhanced by the temperature dependent viscosity and thermal conductivity. Appropriate transformations are applied to derive a system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs), which are then solved numerically using the bvp4c method. A thorough examination is conducted on the physical phenomenon of pertinent parameters, accompanied by graphical representations. The results revealed that, for the FC‐77 coolant‐based hybrid nanofluid, mounting the particle volume fraction leads to a significant reduction in temperature distribution. Additionally, it is perceived that the presence of a variable viscosity parameter causes a reduction in the surface drag coefficient as well as the axial and tangential velocities. The validity of the proposed flow model is demonstrated by comparing the results with those from an earlier study.
Clinical and Biological Concepts for Mastering Immune Reconstitution After Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: Toward Practical Guidelines and Greater Harmonization
Authors: Kuball Jürgen , Greco Raffaella , Nierkens Stefan , Boelens Jaap Jan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNot only the underlying mechanisms driving a long-term cure but also life-threatening side effects after hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) are primarily mediated by reconstitution of the immune repertoire. The composition and dynamics of reconstitution are influenced by the conditioning regimen, cell dose, graft composition, and age and type of immune suppression. However, our understanding of these mechanisms is limited due to many variations in clinical programs, including the specific type of transplantation procedure, and the absence of standardized immune monitoring after HCT. While the process of donor selection has seen significant advancements based on new biological insights, little attention has been given to optimizing cell product design in terms of numbers and composition to minimize inter-patient variability. In addition, the high inter-patient disparities in the clearance of agents used during the conditioning are rarely investigated. The lack of prospective clinical studies addressing these concepts, coupled with limited pharmaceutical company interest, fosters a consensus discussion. Our goal is to harmonize HCT interventions by exploring how individual patient differences and overall transplantation strategies impact the final effector mechanisms of HCT, specifically aiming for timely and well-balanced immune reconstitution.
Selection of Stem Cell Source
Authors: Horgan Claire , Valcárcel David 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSelection of stem cell source is an important consideration for any physician planning an allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) and has evolved considerably since bone marrow (BM) was used as the stem cell source in the first successful allogeneic HCT in 1968 (Gatti et al. 1968). BM remained the only source of stem cells for the two decades that followed until experimental work demonstrating that peripheral blood (PB) stem cells can be enriched by pre-treatment with certain chemotherapy agents and haematopoietic growth factors (Richman et al. 1976; Socinski et al. 1988; Duhrsen et al. 1988) resulted in the first peripheral blood stem cell transplant in 1986 (Korbling and Freireich 2011). Alongside this, the recognition of cord blood (CB) as a rich source of stem cells (Prindull et al. 1978) led to the successful use of cord blood as a third stem cell source in allogeneic HCT in the late 80s (Gluckman et al. 1989).