bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of sublethal doses of chlorfluazuron on insemination and number of inseminated sperm in the common cutworm, Spodoptera litura (F.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: PERVEEN Farzana 
Published: March 2008

AbstractSublethal doses (LD10: 1.00 ng larva−1; or LD30: 3.75 ng larva−1) of chlorfluazuron were applied topically to the cuticles of newly moulted fifth instars of the common cutworm, Spodoptera litura (F.) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae). During mating, the treated males transferred spermatophores of a significantly lower weight into females. The weight of spermatophores transferred by LD30‐treated males was significantly lower than the weight of spermatophores transferred by LD10‐treated males, which was in turn significantly lower than the weight of spermatophores transferred by untreated males. The transfer of spermatophores was delayed by 5–15 min in LD10‐ and LD30‐treated males. However, mating duration was not affected by chlorfluazuron treatment. The transfer of spermatozoa was also delayed by 5–10 min in LD10‐ and LD30‐treated females. Polygynous male adults mated an average of ten times during their lifespan of 11–13 days when paired every day with a new virgin female of the same age. The number of matings per polygynous male was not affected by chlorfluazuron treatment, but the first mating was delayed by 1 day. The number of inseminated sperm found in the spermatophore averaged 10.3 (± 2.1) × 105 over the lifespan of a male, in which the number of eupyrene sperm was 5.4 (± 1.1) × 105. The number of inseminated eupyrene sperm decreased by 66% and 88%, respectively, in LD10‐ and LD30‐treated males. No significant reduction in the number of inseminated eupyrene sperm was observed when females were treated with LD10 or LD30 doses, nor was there a significant reduction when both sexes were treated with the LD10 or LD30 doses relative to treatment of males with the same doses. The ratio of inseminated eupyrene to apyrene sperm was not affected by chlorfluazuron treatment.
Changes in the lipid and fatty acid composition of hemolymph and ovaries during the reproductive cycle of Labidura riparia
Authors: SAYAH Fouad 
Published: March 2008

AbstractLipid metabolism was investigated during the reproductive cycle of Labidura riparia (Pallas). The lipid classes and their constitutive fatty acids present in hemolymph and ovaries were measured using thin‐layer chromatography and gas‐liquid chromatography. In the hemolymph, total lipids increase steadily from the previtellogenic period to vitellogenic arrest. These lipids are predominantly diacylglycerols and phospholipids. In the ovaries, total lipids increase during vitellogenesis then decrease during the vitellogenesis arrest period. The major lipids are triacylglycerols, followed by phospholipids. In both hemolymph and ovaries, all lipid classes contained variable proportions of seven main fatty acids: the saturated fatty acids myristic acid (14:0), palmetic acid (16:0), and stearic acid (18:0); the monounsaturated fatty acids palmitoleic acid (16:1) and oleic acid (18:1); and the polyunsaturated fatty acids linoleic acid (18:2) and linolenic acid (18:3). Unsaturated fatty acids predominate throughout the reproductive cycle. The percentage compositions of total and triacylglycerol fatty acids do not change markedly during the reproductive cycle in hemolymph nor in ovaries, with 18:2, 18:1 and 16:0 fatty acids being the major components. However, for diacylglycerols and phospholipids, the proportions of fatty acids vary systematically. For phospholipids during the vitellogenesis period, 18:2 increases considerably whereas other fatty acids decrease; for diacylglycerols, these fatty acids vary in the reverse way.
Frequency of multiple paternity in Myrmica scabrinodis from southern Poland
Authors: ŚLIWIŃSKA Ewa B. , WITEK Magdalena , SKÓRKA Piotr , OSIKOWSKI Artur , WOYCIECHOWSKI Michal 
Published: March 2008

AbstractIn haplodiploid insects that create social systems, more than one male may contribute to the progeny of a single female (polyandry). Little is known about the possible evolutionary benefits of multiple mating or the occurrence of this phenomenon across different species of Hymenoptera. Here we present our observations of polyandry in a Myrmica scabrinodis Nylander population from southern Poland. The estimated proportion of multiply mated queens was 0.71 and the average pedigree‐effective mate number was 1.45.
Induction of colony initiation by Japanese native bumble bees using cocoons of the exotic bumblebee Bombus terrestris
Authors: YONEDA Masahiro 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThe colony initiation rates of Bombus hypocrita (a native Japanese bumblebee) and Bombus terrestris (a European species) foundresses were compared after 4 weeks of exposure to B. terrestris cocoons. The B. terrestris cocoons, when replaced weekly, were effective for inducing oviposition by foundresses of both species. There were no significant differences in the colony initiation rates of B. terrestris and B. hypocrita, either with the control treatment or with the cocoons. The cocoon method was also tested for five species and two subspecies of native Japanese bumblebees. The colony initiation rate was higher for foundresses of the subgenus Bombus s. str. than for foundresses of the subgenera Pyrobombus, Diversobombus, and Thoracobombus. When replaced weekly, the cocoons of B. terrestris are effective inducers of colony foundation in three Japanese native species, namely B. ignitus, B. hypocrita hypocrita, and B. h. sapporoensis.
Collaborative Childcare Health Consultation: A Conceptual Model
Authors: Crowley Angela A. , Sabatelli Ronald M. 
Published: March 2008

PURPOSE.  This study explored the nature of consultation between childcare providers and nurse childcare health consultants and identified factors that promote a collaborative relationship. DESIGN AND METHODS.  A qualitative study using semistructured, individual interviews of five collaborative and five conflicted pairs of nurse childcare health consultants and childcare center directors. Data were analyzed following principles of grounded theory and applying the constant comparative method of analysis. RESULTS.  Establishing a collaborative relationship was influenced by previous experiences and four themes in the relationship: open and active communication, commitment, respect, and congruent philosophies. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS.  Preparation in developing collaborative relationships should be incorporated into the education of nurse consultants and childcare directors and providers.
Complete dentures for handicapped children using custom‐made teeth
Authors: TAICHER SHLOMO , SELA MORDECHAI 
Published: March 2008

SUMMARYA method of fabricating complete dentures in children using individually carved teeth according to the vertical dimension of occlusion and centric relation is described. This method is preferred to stock teeth and can help to achieve good function and esthetic appearance. If the other factors are satisfactory, the adaptation is easy and fast.
Minimum standards for performing histories and physical examinations: basic training and course content
Authors: ROSER STEVEN M. 
Published: March 2008

SUMMARYThe need to establish guidelines for granting privileges to dentists to perform the history and physical examination of record on their hospitalized patients has been precipitated by a recent change in the New York State Health Code. These guidelines will help hospital credential committees faced with requests from dentists who desire these privileges and help dentists to develop and undertake training programs that will bring them to the “qualified” level. This paper offers a set of minimum standards for determining competency in performing history and physical examinations that can also be used for training in the area. Length and timing of the curriculum was not discussed.
Solitary median maxillary central incisor in association with Goldenhar's syndrome: a case report
Authors: De Paula e Silva Francisco Wanderley Garcia , De Carvalho Fabrício Kitazono , Díaz‐Serrano Kranya Victória , De Freitas Aldevina Campos , Borsatto Maria Cristina , De Queiroz Alexandra Mussolino 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTGoldenhar's syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by several anomalies that include dermal epibulbar cysts, auricular appendices and malformations and vertebral anomalies. In this article, the authors report a case of Goldenhar's syndrome in a 10‐year‐old child who presented with the classical signs of this condition and a solitary median maxillary central incisor (SMMCI).
Transitional implants in a patient with Williams‐Beuren syndrome: a four‐year follow‐up
Authors: Mass Eliyahu , Oelgiesser Dan , Tal Haim 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTWilliams‐Beuren syndrome (WBS) is characterized by several diagnostic features, including oligodontia. Restoration of congenitally missing teeth in patients with WBS is a challenge, both emotionally and clinically. In the atrophied alveolar bone process of a juvenile patient with WBS, the maxillary lateral incisors were replaced with two Immediate Provisional Implants (IPI). Early implant loading was used with temporary acrylic resin crowns that were replaced by semi‐permanent restorations; the case has been followed for four years. Restoration of the missing maxillary lateral incisors with IPIs and temporary crowns proved to be a convenient, long‐lasting and psychologically acceptable solution to the patient and her family.
Stigma characteristics and angiosperm taxonomy
Authors: Heslop‐Harrison Yolande 
Published: March 2008

When a classification based upon certain morphological and physiological characters of the stigma was applied to ca. 1,000 species of some 900 genera of angiosperms, several taxonomic regularities emerged. Most families proved to be relatively homogeneous in stigma type, whilst others were strikingly diverse. Among the latter were certain supposedly primitive families such as the Liliaceae, a fact that may have some phylogenetical significance. Sometimes where a family proved to be homogeneous in respect to the more general characters of the stigma, fuller investigation revealed great variation in detail. An example is given by the Boraginaceae, a family in which stigma characters are of potential taxonomic importance. The stigma papillae in this family are often capitate, with heavily cutinised heads, and pollen has to be inserted forcibly between the papillae. There is a strong correlation between pollen size and stigma–papilla size, so that certain types of cross pollination are impossible. These specialisations can thus play a part as isolating mechanisms. The form of the stigma papillae is probably also important in genera of the Boraginaceae adapted to arid conditions, since the contiguous cutinised caps overarch the actual receptive surfaces and so. presumably, offer protection from desiccation.In both monocotyledons and dicotyledons, clear relationships exist between stigma type and physiology, and notably with the type of self–incompatibility system. It is already apparent that stigma characters can have predictive value in the investigation of breeding systems.The paper includes a comprehensive literature list, covering most ot the principal sources of structural, taxonomic and other data bearing upon angiosperm stigmas.
Thread–like formations in the anthers of Strelitzia reginae
Authors: Kronestedt Eva , Bystedt Per–Arne 
Published: March 2008

In the dehiscent anthers of Strelitzia reginae Ait. thread–like formations occur among the pollen grains. The threads are derived from specialized epidermal cells in the stomium region. These cells are liberated from the normal epidermal cells and from each other along their radial walls. By remaining attached to each other along the transversal walls the cells form multicellular threads.Storage products occur in the thread–forming cells as starch grains and protein crystals in plastids. After their release the threads lose these products and are strongly vacuolated. Finally their cell content disintegrates.
Nordic equiseticolous Pyrenomycetes
Authors: Holm Lennart , Holm Kerstin 
Published: March 2008

The Pyrenomycete flora on Equisetum has been studied, mainly on Nordic material. With regard to frequency and host specificity these fungi can be divided into three groups, viz. 1) true Equisetum fungi; 2) common species but not restricted to Equisetum; 3) accidental species. An annotated list is given of the two first categories which comprise the following taxa. 1: Didymosphaeria equiseti–hiemalis, Phaeosphaeria berlesei, P. equiseti, Mycosphaerella equiseti, M. equiseticola, Scirrhia castagnei, S. silvalica, and probably Didymella equisetina. 2: Phaeosphaeria eustoma, P. fuckelii, Mycosphaerella cf. aspidii.Two new taxa and one new combination are published, viz. Phaeosphaeria equiseti (Karst.) L. & K. Holm comb, nov., P. equiseti var. lindii L. & K. Holm var. nov., Scirrhia silvalica L. & K. Holm sp. nov.
Anatomy of Ricciocarpus natans, with emphasis on fine structure
Authors: Kronestedt Eva 
Published: March 2008

The amphibious liverwort Ricciocarpus natans has been investigated with regard to structure and differentiation of cells and tissues.The differentiation of the tissues was determined starting with their origin from the meristem situated in the median furrow. From this zone there is dorsally a differentiation of epidermis and aerenchyma, and ventrally a differentiation of epidermis and scales. Air–chambers arise schizogenously. They become divided by cells, which grow out from lateral walls and form an internal pore.Parenchyma (aerenchyma and euparenchyma) cells and epidermis cells (including thallus margin and main scale cells) appear similar in ultrastructure. A characteristic localization of heteropycnotic chromatin close to the nucleolus is recognized. Mic–robodies have an extraordinary cap–shape. Vacuoles often contain electron dense bodies. Lipid droplets occur frequently in the cytoplasm. Storage products are not restricted to a certain tissue. Young scales have an apical papilla cell with many dictyosomes. Chloroplasts of the oilbody idioblast are much smaller than those of unspecialized cells. The rhizoids are smooth–walled.
Analysis of a virgin páramo plant community on Volcán Sumaco, Ecuador
Authors: Løjtnant Bernt , Molau Ulf 
Published: March 2008

During the first biological expedition from P. Universidád Cató1ica del Ecuador to Volcán Sumaco, Ecuador (1979), a virgin páramo plant community was studied. The investigated area was situated above the timberline at an altitude of approximately 3650 m. Analysis of the composition of the vegetation was performed according to the methods of Raunkiaer and Hult–Sernander–DuRietz. Along with the vegetation analysis, soil samples were taken. The results obtained support the hypothesis that the páramo of Sumaco is very young, representing an early stage in páramo plant succession. Upon investigation, the páramo plant community was found to be dominated by bryophytes, especially liverworts, and low shrubby plants. Blechnum loxense tree–ferns and over–disperged Cortaderia nitida tussocks were conspicuous features. The floristic composition shows many similarities with descriptions of pioneer communities from other parts of the N Andes. Most taxa found on Sumaco have dispersal means facilitating long–distance dispersal. The data from Sumaco are especially interesting since the vegetation is not disturbed by cattle grazing or any form of regular human activity.This is contribution no. 32 to the AAU–Ecuador project.
Culture studies of Acrochaete leptochaete comb. nov. and A. wittrockii comb. nov. (Chaetophoraceae, Chlorophyceae)
Authors: Nielsen Ruth 
Published: March 2008

A culture study of the plants known as Phaeophila leptochaete (Huber) Nielsen and P. wittrockii (Wille) Nielsen proved that these are distinct species. Both have the Acrochaete type of hairs, and therefore, the new combinations Acrochaete leptochaete and A. wittrockii are introduced. Several isolates of both species were started from plants collected at different places in Europe. A. leptochaete in culture was mainly characterised by having two or more (up to six) pyrenoids in many of its cells, while in A. wittrockii there invariably was only one. The swarmers formed by A. leptochaete had two or four flagella. Several hairs from one basal swelling were sometimes observed in one of the isolates. Another isolate often formed a hair on the germinated zoospore. The isolates of A. wittrockii had a variable morphology, from unicellular plants to large pseudoparenchymatous cell masses. Different kinds of swarmers were observed; zoospores with three flagella seemed typical, but ones with two or four flagella were also observed. Small, pale biflagellate swarmers were assumed to be gametes. One of the isolates of A. wittrockii differed from the rest as the only swarmer type observed was zoospores with two flagella. Chlorophilum ephemerum is considered identical to A. wittrockii. Observations on hair formation in A. repens suggested that the hair structure represents a separate cell.
Inflorescence structure and generic delimitation of Triplaris and Ruprechtia (Polygonaceae)
Authors: Brandbyge John , Øllgaard Benjamin 
Published: March 2008

A revision of the generic limits between Triplaris and Ruprechtia (Polygonaceae), which were confused in earlier literature, led to the conclusion that the two genera should be maintained. Triplaris is characterized by 1–flowered pistillate partial inflorescences, absence of a basal pedicel–like extension of the fruiting perianth–tube, which is always as long as or longer than the achene, bracteoles completely fissured on the abaxial side, and sessile or subsessile male flowers with perianth segments always connate for more than half of their length. Ruprechtia has 2–3–flowered monochasial pistillate part–inflorescences (except the 1–flowered R. triflora), a basal pedicel–like extension of the fruiting perianth–tube, which is at most 3/4 as long as the achene, more or less tubular bracteoles only exceptionally fissured down on the abaxial side, and pedicellate male flowers with perianth segments never connate for more than one third of their lenght. Preliminary paly–nological studies have shown that the pollen of Triplaris are microreticulate or punc–tate–microreticulate while Ruprechtia pollen have perforate–rugulose surfaces.
Embryology of Calenduleae (Compositae)
Authors: Ahlstrand Lennart 
Published: March 2008

Microsporangial conditions, macrosporogenesis, embryo sac development and in some species endosperm formation have been studied in 5 species of Dimorphotheca Vaill. ex Mnch, 2 species of Castalis Cass., 16 species of Osteospermum L., 6 species of Calendula L., 1 species of Gibbaria Cass., and 1 species of Chrysanthemoides Tourn. ex Fabr.The microsporangial wall consists of four different layers of cells. Miocrospore formation is simultaneous. The tetrads are mostly arranged in tetrahedrals. A tapetal periplasmodium develops.The archespore of the macrosporangium is in most cases 1‐celled, sometimes 2‐or many‐celled. The meiosis gives rise to a linear tetrad. Usually the chalazal macro‐spore develops. The embryo sac development is monosporic of the Polygonum type. In a few cases in Dimorphotheca venusta T. Norl. a tetrasporic embryo sac development was observed besides the Polygonum type. Castalis tragus (Ait.) T. Norl. may have a bisporic embryo sac development in addition to the Polygonum type. All the Calendula species develop synergid haustoria. Antipode haustoria occur in Osteospermum sinuatum (DC.) T. Norl. and Chrysanthemoides monilifera (L.) T. Norl. Chalazally situated extra embryo sacs below the ordinary one in Dimorphotheca sinuata DC, D. venusta, and Castalis nudicaulis var. graminifolia (L.) T. Norl. are regarded to be aposporic. Six species have more than three antipodes per embryo sac. The antipodes occasionally become 2‐or 4‐nucleate.
Hartig net structure and formation in fully ensheathed ectomycorrhizas
Authors: Blasius D. , Feil W. , Kottke I. , Oberwinkler F. 
Published: March 2008

The structure and formation of the Hartig net was examined in four different types of spruce ectomycorrhizas from the field. The investigations confirmed that in the case of mycorrhizas with a fully developed sheath enclosing the root apex, the Hartig net is formed by a highly branched fingerlike or puzzlelike hyphal system.It is shown that the hyphae penetrate and grow mainly in a transversal direction to the axis of the root, resulting in typical indentation patterns on some tangential walls and a fountainlike separation of hyphae when growing from the radial to the tangential intercellular spaces. Septae formation within the branched hyphal system of the Hartig net is rare. Structures which, in sections, appear to be incomplete septae are explained as the result of the branching pattern.The alignement and the typical branching pattern of the Hartig net is also found around the outermost cortical cells. A description of the changing structure in the different layers of a pseudoparenchymatous hyphal mantle is given. Finally, details of the three‐dimensional structure of the mantle and the Hartig net are represented in a block diagram.
Anatomy of the Strelitzia reginae flower (Strelitziaceae)
Authors: Kronestedt Eva , Walles Bjöm 
Published: March 2008

The Strelitzia reginae Ait. flower has many remarkable structural spezializations, the histology and cytology of which we have investigated.The chromoplasts of the sepals are conspicuously elongated and enclose numerous carotenoid tubules parallel to the long axis of the plastid. The petals have rounded – pearshaped leucoplasts with a rhomboid protein crystal and aggregated plastoglobules. The blue colour is confined to the epidermal cells, which contain vacuoles with anthocyanin. Prominent papillar processes from the petal epidermis give rise to brilliance through refraction.Various reinforcements occur within the flower parts. The perianth leaves have permeating fibre ribs and thickened epidermal walls. The stigma and the free part of the style consist mainly of fibre cells (with protoplasm). The base of the style and the ovary are enclosed in the receptacle, the epidermal and hypodermal cells of which have thickened walls. – The ground tissue of the basal part of the receptacle appears aerenchymatous. There are also idioblasts containing raphides, druses, and tannin. The secretory cells of the stigma are long unicellular hairs outwards and columnar cells towards the canal between the three lobes. The stylar canal splits up into three individual arms, each leading to a locule. The epithelial cells are typical transfer cells. A composite secretion is deposited outside these cells. – The nectaries constitute three pockets between the carpels. Their secretory surface is greatly increased by folding of the epithelium and the presence of transfer cells.
The distribution and ecology of Spiniferomonas (Chrysophyceae) in Connecticut (USA)
Authors: Siver Peter A. 
Published: March 2008

Siver, P. A. 1988. The distribution and ecology of Spiniferomonas (Chrysophyceae) in Connecticut (USA). ‐ Nord. J. Bot. 8: 205–212. Copenhagen. ISSN 0107–055X.The genus Spiniferomonas was found to be a common member of the phytoplankton flora in Connecticut lakes, present in over thirty‐seven percent of the 113 samples collected during 1984. Thirteen of the 15 known freshwater Spiniferomonas species were found including S. crucigera, recorded for the first time from North America. Six species were new records for the United States. S. trioralis, S. bilacunosa and S. bourrellyi were the most common taxa. Ecological preferences of some species are presented. This study represents the first major survey of the genus in the United States.