bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dual‐Band Laser Selective Etching for Stretchable and Strain Interference‐Free Pressure Sensor Arrays
Authors: Xie Hongwei , Huang Zhenlong , Wan Jiawei , Zhou Rui , Chen Tao , Wang Yizhuo , Cheng Dong , Yang Longpeng , Ji Junjie , Jiang Yan , Wu Tailong , Liu Jing , Pan Taisong , Jiang Binbin , Zhu Jia , Yao Guang , Gao Min , Lin Yuan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractStretchable pressure sensor arrays are ideal for biomimetic electronic skin (e‐skin). However, conventional pressure sensors exhibit noticeable strain interference when stretched. This article introduces an advanced fabrication method based on dual‐band laser selective etching to create stretchable pressure sensor arrays free from strain interference. An intact sensitive film is sandwiched between the top and bottom electrodes and then etched into separate sensing cells. Silicone gel with an extremely low Young's modulus (0.157 kPa) is employed as the strain buffer layer, filling the space within sensing cells to absorb device strain during stretching. The pressure sensor arrays demonstrate exceptional interference‐free performance, with the resistance of sensing cells remaining unchanged under strains exceeding 20%. Pressure sensor arrays of 32 × 32 units are manufactured, showcasing a resistive response time of ≈40 ms during compression and 20 ms during release, along with a sensitivity of 0.7702 kPa−1 within the range of 1–70 kPa. Finally, the sensor arrays are integrated into a robotic hand as biomimetic e‐skin, coupled with deep learning algorithms, successfully identifying static and dynamic pressure distributions and achieving an average precision rate of over 99% in recognizing 2D shapes and objects.
Cascade Cyclization/Amination of para‐Quinone Methides with β‐Ketodinitriles: Synthesis of Polysubstituted Furans
Authors: Fan Liyong , Zhu Longzhi , Shang Wenli , Yin Mingming , Xiong Biquan , Xie Wuxing , Cao Fan , Liu Yu , Chen Yi , Qiu Renhua 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA protocol for the synthesis of trisubstituted furans via phosphoric acid‐catalyzed regioselective cascade cyclization/amination of para‐quinone methides (p‐QMs) with β‐ketodinitriles has been disclosed for the first time. Various kinds of p‐QMs and β‐ketodinitriles can effectively produce the desired polysubstituted furan derivatives in 64–95% yields, demonstrating high atomic economy and their application in the construction of polysubstituted furan heterocycles. Preliminary biological activity assay suggests that these furans have potential anticancer activities.
Tetrafluoropyridinyl Thiolate as a Tool for Enabling Photoredox Alkylation of 1,2,4‐Oxadiazoles
Authors: Frumkin Alexander E. , Levin Vitalij V. , Dilman Alexander D. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA method for the radical functionalization of 1,2,4‐oxadiazoles using alkyl halides as precursors of radicals is described. The reaction efficiency is determined by potassium tetrafluoropyridinyl thiolate additive, which plays dual role. First, the thiolate converts alkyl halides into more reactive fluorinated aryl sulfides, which undergo photoredox activation of the C−S bond. Second, the thiolate decreases the unproductive loss of alkyl radicals by converting them back to the sulfides.
Friends without benefits: Extensive cytotype sympatry and polyploid persistence in an African geophyte
Authors: Vaz de Sousa Damian , Greve Michelle , Oberlander Kenneth C. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPremisePolyploidy is a major factor in plant adaptation and speciation. Multiple mechanisms contribute to autopolyploid frequency within populations, but uncertainties remain regarding mechanisms that facilitate polyploid establishment and persistence. Here we aimed to document and predict cytotype distributions of Oxalis obliquifolia Steud. ex A. Rich. across Gauteng, South Africa, and test for evidence of possible mechanisms, including morphological, phenological, and reproductive traits, that may potentially facilitate polyploid persistence.MethodsOver 320 O. obliquifolia plants from 25 sites were cytotyped using flow cytometry, and DNA ploidy was confirmed using meiotic chromosome squashes. Cytotypes were mapped and correlations with abiotic variables assessed using ordinations. To assess morphological and phenological associations with cytotype, we grew multiple cytotypes in a common garden, measured phenotypic traits and compared them using linear models and discriminant analyses. Intercytotype reproductive isolation was assessed using crossing experiments, and AMOVAs based on ITS DNA sequences tested for cytogeographic structure.ResultsSix cytotypes were identified, and most sites had multiple cytotypes. Abiotic variables were not predictive of cytotype distribution. A clear gigas effect was present. Differences in flower size and phenology suggested pollinator interactions could play a role in polyploid persistence. Intercytotype crosses produced seed at low frequency. DNA data suggested diploids and polyploids were largely reproductively isolated in situ, and polyploidization events were not frequent enough to explain high cytotype sympatry.ConclusionsDiploids and polyploids are behaving as separate species, despite little observable niche differentiation and non‐zero potential intercytotype seed set. Tests on biotic interactions and intercytotype F1 fitness may provide insights into diploid and polyploid coexistence.
Thermal vs. Visible‐Light Photoredox‐Catalyzed Cascade Radical Cyclization Involving SO2 Fixation to Access 6‐Alkylsulfonylmethyl Phenanthridines
Authors: Sahu Tonish Kumar , Vishwakarma Abhaykumar , Kumar Vidyanshu , Khan Rahimuddin , Khan Tabrez 
Published: March 2024

AbstractConvenient access to 6‐alkylsulfonylmethyl phenanthridines has been demonstrated both under non‐catalytic thermal and visible‐light photoredox‐catalyzed conditions. A cascade of radical cyclization is triggered by the exposure of biphenyl vinyl azides to the in‐situ generated alkyl sulfonyl radicals from 4‐substituted Hanztsch esters in the presence of an SO2 surrogate. Transition metal‐free, mild reaction conditions, and broad substrate scope constitute some of the highlights of the approach. Also, the synthetic utility of the accessed 6‐alkylsulfonylmethyl phenanthridines has been demonstrated.
The effects of feeding frequency on jaw loading in two lemur species
Authors: Yamashita Nayuta , Flowers Nina , Fogaça Mariana Dutra 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectivesStudies on oral processing are often snapshots of behaviors that examine feeding through individual bouts. In this study, we expand on our previous work comparing bite/chew variables per feeding bout to summed daily biting, chewing, and food intake to interpret loading that could have potential morphological effects.Materials and MethodsWe observed sympatric Lemur catta and Propithecus verreauxi over two field seasons in the dry forest of Bezà Mahafaly Special Reserve in southwestern Madagascar. Bite and chew rates determined from videos filmed during observations were multiplied with time spent feeding on specific foods during focal follows to calculate daily values for each feeding bout. Food mechanical properties (FMPs) were tested on dietary items with a portable tester. We contrasted daily bite/chew numbers and intake with FMPs, species, season, and food shape.ResultsDaily bite and chew numbers increased with maximum, but not average, food toughness. Daily intake decreased with average and maximum toughness. Season had a strong effect on daily bites and chews, but not on intake. Food shape influenced intake and total bite and chew numbers. The lemur species did not differ in our models.DiscussionMaximum food toughness impacted feeding behaviors and intake, which is consistent with higher loads having a greater effect on morphology. In contrast to feeding per bout, cumulative biting and chewing did not differ between species; taking feeding frequency into consideration affects interpretation of jaw loading. Finally, biting, as much as chewing, may generate strains that impact morphology.
Diffusion MRI relates to plasma Aβ42/40 in PET negative participants without dementia
Authors: DeSimone Jesse C. , Wang Wei‐en , Loewenstein David A. , Duara Ranjan , Smith Glenn E. , McFarland Karen N. , Armstrong Melissa J. , Weber Darren M. , Barker Warren , Coombes Stephen A. , Vaillancourt David E. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) biomarkers are needed for indexing early biological stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD), such as plasma amyloid‐β (Aβ42/40) positivity in Aβ positron emission tomography (PET) negative individuals.METHODSDiffusion free‐water (FW) MRI was acquired in individuals with normal cognition (NC) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) with Aβ plasma‐/PET‐ (NC = 22, MCI = 60), plasma+/PET‐ (NC = 5, MCI = 20), and plasma+/PET+ (AD dementia = 21) biomarker status. Gray and white matter FW and fractional anisotropy (FAt) were compared cross‐sectionally and the relationships between imaging, plasma and PET biomarkers were assessed.RESULTSPlasma+/PET‐ demonstrated increased FW (24 regions) and decreased FAt (66 regions) compared to plasma‐/PET‐. FW (16 regions) and FAt (51 regions) were increased in plasma+/PET+ compared to plasma+/PET‐. Composite brain FW correlated with plasma Aβ42/40 and p‐tau181.DISCUSSIONFW imaging changes distinguish plasma Aβ42/40 positive and negative groups, independent of group differences in cognitive status, Aβ PET status, and other plasma biomarkers (i.e., t‐tau, p‐tau181, glial fibrillary acidic protein, neurofilament light).Highlights
Plasma Aβ42/40 positivity is associated with brain microstructure decline.
Plasma+/PET‐ demonstrated increased FW in 24 total GM and WM regions.
Plasma+/PET‐ demonstrated decreased FAt in 66 total GM and WM regions.
Whole‐brain FW correlated with plasma Aβ42/40 and p‐tau181 measures.
Plasma+/PET‐ demonstrated decreased cortical volume and thickness.
MoS2 Hollow Multishelled Nanospheres Doped Fe Single Atoms Capable of Fast Phase Transformation for Fast‐charging Na‐ion Batteries
Authors: Zhang Hui , Zhang Shaocheng , Guo Baiyu , Yu Li‐juan , Ma Linlin , Hou Baoxiu , Liu Haiyan , Zhang Shuaihua , Wang Jiangyan , Song Jianjun , Tang Yongfu , Zhao Xiaoxian 
Published: March 2024

AbstractLow Na+ and electron diffusion kinetics severely restrain the rate capability of MoS2 as anode for sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs). Slow phase transitions between 2H and 1T, and from NaxMoS2 to Mo and Na2S as well as the volume change during cycling, induce a poor cycling stability. Herein, an original Fe single atom doped MoS2 hollow multishelled structure (HoMS) is designed for the first time to address the above challenges. The Fe single atom in MoS2 promotes the electron transfer, companying with shortened charge diffusion path from unique HoMS, thereby achieving excellent rate capability. The strong adsorption with Na+ and self‐catalysis of Fe single atom facilitates the reversible conversion between 2H and 1T, and from NaxMoS2 to Mo and Na2S. Moreover, the buffering effect of HoMS on volume change during cycling improves the cyclic stability. Consequently, the Fe single atom doped MoS2 quadruple‐shelled sphere exhibits a high specific capacity of 213.3 mAh g−1 at an ultrahigh current density of 30 A g−1, which is superior to previously‐reported results. Even at 5 A g−1, 259.4 mAh g−1 (83.68 %) was reserved after 500 cycles. Such elaborate catalytic site decorated HoMS is also promising to realize other “fast‐charging” high‐energy‐density rechargeable batteries.
A P2/P3 Biphasic Layered Oxide Composite as a High‐Energy and Long‐Cycle‐Life Cathode for Potassium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Duan Liping , Shao Caoyang , Liao Jiaying , Song Lili , Zhang Yingna , Li Renke , Guo Shaohua , Zhou Xiaosi , Zhou Haoshen 
Published: March 2024

AbstractLayered transition metal oxides are extensively considered as appealing cathode candidates for potassium‐ion batteries (PIBs) due to their abundant raw materials and low cost, but their further implementations are limited by slow dynamics and impoverished structural stability. Herein, a layered composite having a P2 and P3 symbiotic structure is designed and synthesized to realize PIBs with large energy density and long‐term cycling stability. The unique intergrowth of P2 and P3 phases in the obtained layered oxide is plainly characterized by X‐ray diffraction refinement, high‐angle annular dark field and annular bright field‐scanning transmission electron microscopy at atomic resolution, and Fourier transformation images. The synergistic effect of the two phases of this layered P2/P3 composite is well demonstrated in K+ intercalation/extraction process. The as‐prepared layered composite can present a large discharge capacity with the remarkable energy density of 321 Wh kg−1 and also manifest excellent capacity preservation after 600 cycles of K+ uptake/removal.
Unveiling the physical properties predictive of oil binding capacity in an interesterified palm‐based fat
Authors: Marsh Melissa Abigail , Bean Brennan , Maleky Farnaz , Martini Silvana 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis paper identifies physical properties of an interesterified palm‐based fat (EIEPO) that predict oil binding capacity (OBC). A 100% EIEPO sample, 50% EIEPO sample diluted with 50% soybean oil (SBO), and a 20% EIEPO sample diluted with 80% SBO were used to test how saturation level impacts OBC. All samples were crystallized using either a fast (6.4°C/min) or slow (0.1°C/min) cooling rate as well as with or without the application of high‐intensity ultrasound (HIU; 20 kHz) to generate a wide range of physical properties. Immediately after crystallization, the sample's physical properties, including crystal microstructure, solid fat content (SFC), viscoelasticity (G′, G″, and δ), melting behavior, hardness, and OBC (centrifuge method) were quantified. The samples were then stored for 48 h at 22 and 5°C and the aforementioned physical properties were measured again, with one additional measurement for the samples stored at 5°C—OBC using a filter paper method (OBCp). The results indicate that OBC can be optimized in a palm‐based fat by modifying the physical properties which was achieved via the processing conditions. Both measurements of OBC were significantly correlated with SFC, hardness, δ, and enthalpy. A model was developed to predict a sample's OBCc using the following dominant variables—SFC, hardness, peak temperature, enthalpy, and the number of crystals. These results suggest that OBC can be predicted using a sample's SFC, hardness, peak temperature, enthalpy, and number of crystals and that SFC, hardness, and enthalpy are main drivers of OBC.
Electro‐bio‐mechanical behavior of graphite nanoplatelets–silicone rubber‐based composites for wearable electronic systems
Authors: Azam Siraj , Kumar Vineet , Park Sang‐Shin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAdding graphite nanoplatelets (GNP) into silicone rubber (SR) composites have shown significant potential for wearable electronics, where electrical, mechanical, and tribological properties play a crucial role. This study investigates the effects of incorporating graphite nanoplatelets (GNP) into SR composites and their impact on these key properties. Solution mixing of SR and GNP was performed to confirm good dispersion of the GNP within the SR matrix. The results showed improved tensile strength and modulus while stabilizing the flexibility and stretchability required for wearable electronics. For example, the tensile strength of the composites was 0.86 MPa (control) and increased to 1.18 MPa (5 part per hundred rubber [phr] GNP), and 1.55 MPa (15 phr GNP). Similarly, the stretchability was 177 % (control) and increased to 190 % (5 phr GNP), and 184 % (15 phr GNP). Moreover, the electro‐mechanical tests were studied and the output voltage for the samples were 0.28 milli‐volt (mV) (5 phr GNP), and 0.31 mV (15 phr GNP). Similarly, the output voltage generation was studied through human motions. The results obtained from these biomechanical motions such as thumb pressing were 0.7 mV (5 phr GNP), and 2.7 mV (15 phr GNP). The study finds the potential of GNP‐SR composites as multifunctional materials such as wearable electronics. Overall, this research guides the development of advanced wearable devices, soft robotics, and bio‐inspired electronics with improved performance and durability.
Correlation between COVID‐19 infection and fetal situs inversus
Authors: Qiu Shuo , Wu Shuang , Yin Ranran , Wang Bo , Wu Hongying 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundSitus inversus is a rare congenital condition, defined by the mirror‐image transposition of the abdominothoracic organs. It is linked to an increased risk of different disorders, for example, congenital heart defects and primary ciliary dyskinesia. Recently, some reports have been on the increased incidence of situs inversus after the COVID‐19 pandemic.ObjectivesTo investigate the association between maternal COVID‐19 infection and fetal situs inversus occurrence risk.MethodsAll pregnant women who underwent fetal ultrasound examinations at Jinan Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January to May of 2022 and 2023 were recruited. A chi‐square test was conducted to assess the association of maternal COVID‐19 infection with the incidence rate of fetal situs inversus.ResultsA total of 8381 patients, including 25 with situs inversus fetuses were recruited. A total of 3956 patients had COVID‐19, while 4400 did not. Among 25 mothers with situs inversus fetuses, 22 had COVID‐19 and 3 without recent infection. Our analysis showed a strong link between COVID‐19 and a higher risk of fetus situs inversus (P < .001, odds ratio 8.196).ConclusionMaternal COVID‐19 infection in the early stages of the pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of fetal situs inversion occurrence. Therefore, further research in this field seems necessary.
Preclinical Evaluation of the Reversible Monoacylglycerol Lipase PET Tracer (R)‐[11C]YH132: Application in Drug Development and Neurodegenerative Diseases
Authors: He Yingfang , Delparente Aro , Jie Caitlin V. M. L , Keller Claudia , Humm Roland , Heer Dominik , Collin Ludovic , Schibli Roger , Gobbi Luca , Grether Uwe , Mu Linjing 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMonoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) plays a crucial role in the degradation of 2‐arachidonoylglycerol (2‐AG), one of the major endocannabinoids in the brain. Inhibiting MAGL could lead to increased levels of 2‐AG, which showed beneficial effects on pain management, anxiety, inflammation, and neuroprotection. In the current study, we report the characterization of an enantiomerically pure (R)‐[11C]YH132 as a novel MAGL PET tracer. It demonstrates an improved pharmacokinetic profile compared to its racemate. High in vitro MAGL specificity of (R)‐[11C]YH132 was confirmed by autoradiography studies using mouse and rat brain sections. In vivo, (R)‐[11C]YH132 displayed a high brain penetration, and high specificity and selectivity toward MAGL by dynamic PET imaging using MAGL knockout and wild‐type mice. Pretreatment with a MAGL drug candidate revealed a dose‐dependent reduction of (R)‐[11C]YH132 accumulation in WT mouse brains. This result validates its utility as a PET probe to assist drug development. Moreover, its potential application in neurodegenerative diseases was explored by in vitro autoradiography using brain sections from animal models of Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.
Synthesis and Macrodomain Binding of Gln‐carba‐ADPr‐peptide
Authors: Engelsma Sander B. , Nardozza Aurelio Pio , de Saint Aulaire Pieter , Overkleeft Herman S. , van der Marel Gijsbert A. , Ladurner Andreas G. , Filippov Dmitri V. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMono‐ADP‐ribosylation is a dynamic post‐translational modification (PTM) with important roles in cell signalling. This modification occurs on a wide variety of amino acids, and one of the canonical modification sites within proteins is the side chain of glutamic acid. Given the transient nature of this modification (acylal linkage) and the high sensitivity of ADP‐ribosylated glutamic acid, stabilized isosteres are required for structural and biochemical studies. Here, we report the synthesis of a mimic of ADP‐ribosylated peptide derived from histone H2B that contains carba‐ADP‐ribosylated glutamine as a potential mimic for Glu‐ADPr. We synthesized a cyclopentitol‐ribofuranosyl derivative of 5′‐phosphoribosylated Fmoc‐glutamine and used this in the solid‐phase synthesis of the carba‐ADPr‐peptide mimicking the ADP‐ribosylated N‐terminal tail of histone H2B. Binding studies with isothermal calorimetry demonstrate that the macrodomains of human MacroD2 and TARG1 bind to carba‐ADPr‐peptide in the same way as ADPr‐peptides containing the native ADP‐riboside moiety connected to the side chain of glutamine in the same peptide sequence.
Conversion of β‐1,6‐Glucans to Gentiobiose using an endo‐β‐1,6‐Glucanase PsGly30A from Paenibacillus sp. GKG
Authors: Plakys Gediminas , Urbelienė Nina , Urbelis Gintaras , Vaitekūnas Justas , Labanauskas Linas , Mažonienė Edita , Meškys Rolandas 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA plethora of di‐ and oligosaccharides isolated from the natural sources are used in food and pharmaceutical industry. An enzymatic hydrolysis of fungal cell wall β‐glucans is a good alternative to produce the desired oligosaccharides with different functionalities, such as the flavour enhancer gentiobiose. We have previously identified PsGly30A as a potential yeast cell wall degrading β‐1,6‐glycosidase. The aim of this study is to characterise the PsGly30A enzyme, a member of the GH30 family, and to evaluate its suitability for the production of gentiobiose from β‐1,6‐glucans. An endo‐β‐1,6‐glucanase PsGly30A encoding gene from Paenibacillus sp. GKG has been cloned and overexpressed in Escherichia coli. The recombinant enzyme has been active towards pustulan and yeast β‐glucan, but not on laminarin from the Laminaria digitata, confirming the endo‐β‐1,6‐glucanase mode of action. The PsGly30A shows the highest activity at pH 5.5 and 50 °C. The specific activity of PsGly30A on pustulan (1262±82 U/mg) is among the highest reported for GH30 β‐1,6‐glycosidases. Moreover, gentiobiose is the major reaction product when pustulan, yeast β‐glucan or yeast cell walls have been used as a substrate. Therefore, PsGly30A is a promising catalyst for valorisation of the yeast‐related by‐products.
Paraganglioma at the cerebellopontine angle: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Akhtar Nadeem , Shahid Fatimah , Ali Alishba Shezal , Muhammad Qurat Ul Ain , Azam Noor Mahal , Dhakal Bishal , Ibrahim Muhammad , Nadeem Nehal 
Published: March 2024

Key Clinical MessageParagangliomas (PGLs) are rare neuroendocrine tumors. Sometimes, these tumors secrete excessive catecholamines, which results in the manifestations of various signs and symptoms, usually with a triad of hypertension, tachycardia, and headache. We report the case of a 42‐year‐old woman presenting with uncontrolled hypertension, right facial palsy, vomiting, and disturbed gait. Diagnosis for PGL was confirmed on postoperative histological examination of the excised mass and correlated with preoperative clinical and radiological findings. Tumor excision was done via a suboccipital craniotomy approach. Our case presents the typically severe features of a jugulotympanic PGL, but most importantly, it highlights the necessity of biochemical diagnosing, thorough probing of the causes of hypertension, and a multi‐disciplinary approach in dealing with these tumors. Moreover, the case emphasizes necessitating the use of preoperative embolization in vascular tumors of the head and neck to avoid a hemorrhagic crisis during surgery. Unfortunately, due to a lack of adequate hospital funds, the surgeon had to proceed without preoperative embolization. Despite such a risk, the excision was a success.