bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of gender in depressive disorder outcome for individual and group cognitive–behavioral treatment
Authors: Watson Hunna J. , Nathan Paula R. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractGender in cognitive–behavioral therapy (CBT) for outcome for depression has been inadequately examined in previous research. Thirty‐five men and 55 women diagnosed with a depressive disorder according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM‐IV; American Psychiatric Association, 1994) completed individual CBT at an outpatient community mental health clinic and 56 men and 105 women completed group CBT. Depression severity was measured before treatment and at endpoint using the Beck Depression Inventory‐II (Beck, Steer, & Brown, 1996) along with secondary outcomes of anxiety (Beck Anxiety Inventory; Beck, Epstein, Brown, & Steer, 1988) and quality of life (Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire; Endicott, Nee, Harrison, & Blumenthal, 1993). Men and women demonstrated equivalent pretreatment and posttreatment illness severity, a comparable gradient of improvement on outcomes, and attainment of clinically meaningful benchmarks. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 64:1–15, 2008.
Decay of pavement mortar due to thaumasite formation
Authors: de Rojas M Isabel Sánchez , Sotolongo Reinaldo , Frías Moises , Marín Félix , Rivera Julian , Sabador Elvira 
Published: September 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND: This paper discusses the formation of thaumasite in the mortar sub‐flooring used as a base material for laying tiles, and the influence of this mineral in relation to deterioration of building materials. An investigation of a mortar sub‐flooring constructed with dolomitic limestone sand with high sulfate content used to settle a ceramic pavement was carried out.RESULTS: The mortar sub‐flooring underwent an important deterioration process due to the formation of expansive compounds in the environmental conditions of temperature and humidity of the installation area in Murcia (Spain). Expansion appeared essentially at the interface between the ceramic tiles and the mortar sub‐flooring, an area consisting primarily of cement paste.CONCLUSION: Materials present in the soft pulpy mass were examined by X‐ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy with energy‐dispersive X‐rays. The presence of thaumasite was detected, which had been formed under conditions of temperature higher than temperatures reported in the literature and with a high degree of humidity. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
Synthesis and stability of S‐(2‐[18F]fluoroethyl)‐L‐homocysteine for potential tumour imaging
Authors: Bourdier Thomas , Fookes Christopher J. R. , Pham Tien Q. , Greguric Ivan , Katsifis Andrew 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThe F‐18 labelled methionine derivative S‐(2‐[18F]fluoroethyl)‐L‐homocysteine ([18F]FEHCys) was prepared by a one‐pot two‐step synthesis via the protected S‐(2‐bromoethyl)‐L‐homocysteine 1 and S‐(2‐chloroethyl)‐L‐homocysteine 2 precursors. The bromoethyl derivative 1 gave higher radiochemical yields (40% at 5 min) at 100°C compared with the chloro‐analogue (22% at 100°C in 30 min). However, [18F]FEHCys was found to be unstable in aqueous systems being transformed to the corresponding hydroxyl derivative within 20 min. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Gas‐phase peptide fragmentation: how understanding the fundamentals provides a springboard to developing new chemistry and novel proteomic tools
Authors: Barlow Christopher K. , O'Hair Richard A. J. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThis tutorial provides an overview of the evolution of some of the key concepts in the gas‐phase fragmentation of different classes of peptide ions under various conditions [e.g. collision‐induced dissociation (CID) and electron transfer dissociation (ETD)], and then demonstrates how these concepts can be used to develop new methods. For example, an understanding of the role of the mobile proton and neighboring group interactions in the fragmentation reactions of protonated peptides has led to the design of the ‘SELECT’ method. For ETD, a model based on the Landau–Zener theory reveals the role of both thermodynamic and geometric effects in the electron transfer from polyatomic reagent anions to multiply protonated peptides, and this predictive model has facilitiated the design of a new strategy to form ETD reagent anions from precursors generated via ESI. Finally, two promising, emerging areas of gas‐phase ion chemistry of peptides are also described: (1) the design of new gas‐phase radical chemistry to probe peptide structure, and (2) selective cleavage of disulfide bonds of peptides in the gas phase via various physicochemical approaches. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Raman scattering of L‐tryptophan enhanced by surface plasmon of silver nanoparticles: vibrational assignment and structural determination
Authors: Chuang Chi‐Hung , Chen Yit‐Tsong 
Published: September 2008

AbstractVibrational bands of L‐tryptophan which was adsorbed on Ag nanoparticles (∼10 nm in diameter) have been investigated in the spectral range of 200–1700 cm−1 using surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy. Compared with the normal Raman scattering (NRS) of L‐tryptophan in either 0.5 M aqueous solution (NRS‐AS) or solid powder (NRS‐SP), the intensified signals by SERS have made the SERS investigation at a lower molecular concentration (5 × 10−4 M) possible. Ab initio calculations at the B3LYP/6‐311G level have been carried out to predict the optimal structure and vibrational wavenumbers for the zwitterionic form of L‐tryptophan. Facilitated with the theoretical prediction, the observed vibrational modes of L‐tryptophan in the NRS‐AS, NRS‐SP, and SERS spectra have been analyzed. In the spectroscopic observations, there are no significant changes for the vibrational bands of the indole ring in either NRS‐AS, NRS‐SP, or SERS. In contrast, spectral intensities involving the vibrations of carboxylate and amino groups are weak in NRS‐AS and NRS‐SP, but strong in SERS. The intensity enhancement in the SERS spectrum can reach 103–104‐fold magnification. On the basis of spectroscopic analysis, the carboxylate and amino groups of L‐tryptophan are determined to be the preferential terminal groups to attach onto the surfaces of Ag nanoparticles in the SERS measurement. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sternocleidomastoid muscle interposition to prevent carotid artery blowout
Authors: Pathak K. Alok , Viallet Norbert R. , Nason Richard W. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractCarotid blow‐out syndrome is the most dreaded complication in head and neck surgical oncology practice This article describes a simple technique of interposition of sternocleidomastoid muscle between pharynx and carotid sheath to isolate the latter from salivary contamination in the event of salivary leak. Authors have used this technique in 83 laryngectomies with excellent results. J. Surg. Oncol. 2008;98:565–566. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Advancing the Solid State Properties of Metallo‐Supramolecular Materials: Poly(ε‐caprolactone) Modified π‐Conjugated Bis(terpyridine)s and their Zn(II) Based Metallo‐Polymers
Authors: Winter Andreas , Friebe Christian , Hager Martin D. , Schubert Ulrich S. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractA set of rigid π‐conjugated bis(terpyridine) macroligands with poly(ε‐caprolactone) (pCL) on their side chains was synthesized and investigated. The introduced pCL chains gave rise to enhanced processability and film‐forming properties of the materials. Blue photoluminescence with high quantum yields was observed in dilute solution and in the solid state, indicating that intermolecular aggregation of the π‐conjugated systems was effectively suppressed. The macroligands were further used for coordination with zinc(II) ions leading to new metallo‐polymers with high solubility, improved film‐forming behavior and promising photophysical properties with respect to potential OLED applications.magnified image
Novel Biopolymer Structures Synthesized by Dendronization of 6‐Deoxy‐6‐aminopropargyl cellulose
Authors: Pohl Matthias , Heinze Thomas 
Published: September 2008

AbstractPropargyl cellulose with regioselective functionalization pattern was synthesized by nucleophilic displacement reaction of 6‐O‐toluenesulfonyl ester of cellulose (degree of substitution, DS 0.58) with propargyl amine. The novel 6‐deoxy‐6‐aminopropargyl cellulose provides an excellent starting material for the selective dendronization of cellulose at position 6 via the copper‐catalyzed Huisgen reaction yielding 6‐deoxy‐6‐amino‐(4‐methyl‐[1,2,3‐triazolo]‐1‐propyl‐polyamido amine) cellulose derivatives of first‐ (DS 0.33) and second (DS 0.25) generation, which are soluble in polar aprotic solvents. The novel biopolymer derivatives were characterized by elemental analysis, FT‐IR spectroscopy, and one‐ and two dimensional NMR spectroscopy, showing no side reactions (cross‐linking) or impurities and no conversion at the secondary positions.magnified image
Bioactive Amphiphilic Peptide Derivatives with pH Triggered Morphology and Structure
Authors: Jin Yue , Xu Xiao‐Ding , Chen Chang‐Sheng , Cheng Si‐Xue , Zhang Xian‐Zheng , Zhuo Ren‐Xi 
Published: September 2008

AbstractA series of bioactive amphiphilic peptide derivatives that contain the RGD (Arg‐Gly‐Asp) sequence have been designed and prepared by the standard solid‐phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) technique. The influence of the molecular structure and pH change on the morphology of the amphiphilic peptide derivatives in aqueous solution is investigated. The results reveal that the amphiphilic peptide derivatives with different molecular structures exhibit different self‐assembly behavior in response to environmental changes. Furthermore, by adjusting the pH, the molecular interactions of amphiphilic peptide derivatives are tuned, which results in a morphology change.magnified image
Performance of a miniature high‐temperature superconducting (HTS) surface coil for in vivo microimaging of the mouse in a standard 1.5T clinical whole‐body scanner
Authors: Poirier‐Quinot Marie , Ginefri Jean‐Christophe , Girard Olivier , Robert Philippe , Darrasse Luc 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThe performance of a 12‐mm high‐temperature superconducting (HTS) surface coil for in vivo microimaging of mice in a standard 1.5T clinical whole‐body scanner was investigated. Systematic evaluation of MR image quality was conducted on saline phantoms with various conductivities to derive the sensitivity improvement brought by the HTS coil compared with a similar room‐temperature copper coil. The observed signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) was correlated to the loaded quality factor of the radio frequency (RF) coils and is theoretically validated with respect to the noise contribution of the MR acquisition channel. The expected in vivo SNR gain was then extrapolated for different anatomical sites by monitoring the quality factor in situ during animal imaging experiments. Typical SNR gains of 9.8, 9.8, 5.4, and 11.6 were found for brain, knee, back, and subcutaneous implanted tumors, respectively, over a series of mice. Excellent in vivo image quality was demonstrated in 16 min with native voxels down to (59 μm)3 with an SNR of 20. The HTS coil technology opens the way, for the first time at the current field strength of clinical MR scanners, to spatial resolutions below 10–3 mm3 in living mice, which until now were only accessible to specialized high‐field MR microscopes. Magn Reson Med 60:917–927, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Four‐dimensional transcatheter intraarterial perfusion (TRIP)‐MRI for monitoring liver tumor embolization in VX2 rabbits
Authors: Wang Dingxin , Virmani Sumeet , Tang Richard , Szolc‐Kowalska Barbara , Woloschak Gayle , Omary Reed A. , Larson Andrew C. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractTranscatheter intraarterial perfusion (TRIP)‐MRI is an intraprocedural technique to iteratively monitor liver tumor perfusion changes during transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) and chemoembolization (TACE). However, previous TRIP‐MRI approaches using two‐dimensional (2D) T1‐weighted saturation‐recovery gradient‐recalled echo (GRE) sequences provided only limited spatial coverage and limited capacity for accurate perfusion quantification. In this preclinical study, a quantitative 4D TRIP‐MRI technique (serial iterative 3D volumetric perfusion imaging) with rigorous radiofrequency (RF) B1 field calibration and dynamic tissue longitudinal relaxation rate R1 measurement is presented for monitoring intraprocedural liver tumor perfusion during TAE. 4D TRIP‐MRI and TAE were performed in five rabbits with eight VX2 liver tumors (N = 8). After B1 calibrated baseline and dynamic R1 quantification, subsequent tissue contrast agent concentration time curves were derived. A single‐input flow‐limited pharmacokinetic model and peak gradient method were applied for perfusion analysis. The perfusion Fρ reduced significantly from pre‐TAE 0.477 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.384–0.570) to post‐TAE 0.131 (95% CI: 0.080–0.183 ml/min/ml, P < 0.001). Magn Reson Med 60:970–975, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
New “multicolor” polypeptide diamagnetic chemical exchange saturation transfer (DIACEST) contrast agents for MRI
Authors: McMahon Michael T. , Gilad Assaf A. , DeLiso Marco A. , Cromer Berman Stacey M. , Bulte Jeff W.M. , van Zijl Peter C.M. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractAn array of 33 prototype polypeptides was examined as putative contrast agents that can be distinguished from each other based on the chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) mechanism. These peptides were chosen based on predictions of the chemical exchange rates of exchangeable amide, amine, and hydroxyl protons that produce this contrast, and tested at 11.7T for their CEST suitability. Artificial colors were assigned to particular amino acid units (lysine, arginine, threonine, and serine) based on the separate resonance frequencies of these exchangeable protons. The magnitude of the CEST effect could be fine‐tuned by altering the amino acid sequence, and these three exchangeable groups could be distinguished in an MR phantom based on their different chemical shifts (“colors”). These new diamagnetic CEST (DIACEST) agents possess a wide range of electrostatic charges, compositions, and protein stabilities in vivo, making them potentially suitable for a variety of biological applications such as designing MR reporter genes for imaging cells and distinguishing multiple targets within the same MR image. Magn Reson Med 60:803–812, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Altered white matter diffusion anisotropy in normal and preterm infants at term‐equivalent age
Authors: Rose Stephen E. , Hatzigeorgiou Xanthy , Strudwick Mark W. , Durbridge Gail , Davies Peter S.W. , Colditz Paul B. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractTo investigate white matter (WM) development, voxelwise analyses of diffusion tensor MRI (DTMRI) data, acquired from 12 very preterm and 11 preterm infants with gestational ages (GA) ranging from 25 to 29 and 29 to 32 weeks, respectively, and 10 newborn normal term infants were performed. T2 relaxation measures were also generated to assess brain water content. Compared with newborn term infants, very preterm infants were found to possess reduced fractional anisotropy (FA) within the frontal lobe, and a number of anterior and posterior commissural pathways. Preterm infants possessed reduced FA mainly within the posterior regions of the corpus callosum. Unexpectedly, we observed significantly reduced FA and increased T2 within a number of corticospinal projections in the newborn term infants compared to the preterm groups. This finding may reflect increased water concentration and/or a lowering of FA due to the presence of crossing interhemispheric WM projections. These findings indicate that care should be taken when interpreting FA indices without knowledge of the possible effects of water concentration in the newborn infant brain. Magn Reson Med 60:761–767, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
In vivo quantification of transvascular water exchange during the acute phase of permanent stroke
Authors: Kim Y.R. , Tejima E. , Huang S. , Atochin D.N. , Dai G. , Lo E.H. , Huang P.L. , Bogdanov A. , Rosen B.R. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractMechanisms that underlie early ischemic damages to the blood‐brain‐barrier (BBB) are not well understood. This study presents a novel magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique using a widely available pulse sequence and a long‐circulating intravascular contrast agent to quantify water movements across the BBB at early stages of stroke progression. We characterized the integrity of the BBB by measuring the flip angle dependence of the water exchange‐affected MRI signal intensity, to generate an efficient quantitative index of vascular permeability (WEI, or water exchange index). We performed in vivo MRI experiments to measure the transvascular WEI immediately after the permanent filament occlusion of the middle cerebral artery of mice (n = 5), in which we monitored changes in blood volume (Vb), apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), and intra‐/extravascular WEI for 4 hours. Statistically significant elevations (P < 0.05) of WEI in the ischemic tissue were observed as early as 1 hour after ischemic onset. Initial reduction of the apparent blood volume (Vapp) in the infarct cortex was followed by a continuous increase of Vapp over time. Although the measured ADC in the ipsilesional cortex continuously decreased, the abnormally high intra‐/extravascular WEI remained constant at a significantly elevated level, indicating apparent BBB injury at this early stage of stroke. Magn Reson Med 60:813–821, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Investigation of optimizing and translating pH‐sensitive pulsed‐chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) imaging to a 3T clinical scanner
Authors: Sun Phillip Zhe , Benner Thomas , Kumar Ashok , Sorensen A. Gregory 
Published: September 2008

AbstractChemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) MRI provides a sensitive detection mechanism that allows characterization of dilute labile protons usually undetectable by conventional MRI. Particularly, amide proton transfer (APT) imaging, a variant of CEST MRI, has been shown capable of detecting ischemic acidosis, and may serve as a surrogate metabolic imaging marker. For preclinical CEST imaging, continuous‐wave (CW) radiofrequency (RF) irradiation is often applied so that the steady state CEST contrast can be reached. On clinical scanners, however, specific absorption rate (SAR) limit and hardware preclude the use of CW irradiation, and instead require an irradiation scheme of repetitive RF pulses (pulsed‐CEST imaging). In this work, CW‐ and pulsed‐CEST MRI were systematically compared using a tissue‐like pH phantom on an imager capable of both CW and pulsed RF irradiation schemes. The results showed that the maximally obtainable pulsed‐CEST contrast is approximately 95% of CW‐CEST contrast, and their optimal RF irradiation powers are equal. Moreover, the pulsed‐CEST sequence was translated to a 3 Tesla clinical scanner and detected pH contrast from the labile creatine amine groups (1.9 ppm). Furthermore, pilot endogenous APT imaging of normal human volunteers was demonstrated, warranting future APT MRI of stroke patients to elucidate its diagnostic value. Magn Reson Med 60:834–841, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Age dependence of regional proton metabolites T2 relaxation times in the human brain at 3 T
Authors: Kirov Ivan I. , Fleysher Lazar , Fleysher Roman , Patil Vishal , Liu Songtao , Gonen Oded 
Published: September 2008

AbstractAlthough recent studies indicate that use of a single global transverse relaxation time, T2, per metabolite is sufficient for better than ±10% quantification precision at intermediate and short echo‐time spectroscopy in young adults, the age‐dependence of this finding is unknown. Consequently, the age effect on regional brain choline (Cho), creatine (Cr), and N‐acetylaspartate (NAA) T2s was examined in four age groups using 3D (four slices, 80 voxels 1 cm3 each) proton MR spectroscopy in an optimized two‐point protocol. Metabolite T2s were estimated in each voxel and in 10 gray and white matter (GM, WM) structures in 20 healthy subjects: four adolescents (13 ± 1 years old), eight young adults (26 ± 1); two middle‐aged (51 ± 6), and six elderly (74 ± 3). The results reveal that T2s in GM (average ± standard error of the mean) of adolescents (NAA: 301 ± 30, Cr: 162 ± 7, Cho: 263 ± 7 ms), young adults (NAA: 269 ± 7, Cr: 156 ± 7, Cho: 226 ± 9 ms), and elderly (NAA: 259 ± 13, Cr: 154 ± 8, Cho: 229 ± 14 ms), were 30%, 16%, and 10% shorter than in WM, yielding mean global T2s of NAA: 343, Cr: 172, and Cho: 248 ms. The elderly NAA, Cr, and Cho T2s were 12%, 6%, and 10% shorter than the adolescents, a change of under 1 ms/year assuming a linear decline with age. Formulae for T2 age‐correction for higher quantification precision are provided. Magn Reson Med 60:790–795, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Transient MR elastography (t‐MRE) using ultrasound radiation force: Theory, safety, and initial experiments in vitro
Authors: Souchon Rémi , Salomir Rares , Beuf Olivier , Milot Laurent , Grenier Denis , Lyonnet Denis , Chapelon Jean‐Yves , Rouvière Olivier 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThe purpose of our study was to assess the feasibility of using ultrasound radiation force as a safe vibration source for transient MR elastography (t‐MRE). We present a theoretical framework to predict the phase shift of the complex MRE signal, the temperature elevation due to ultrasound, and safety indicators (ISPPA,ISPTA,MI). Next, we report wave images acquired in porcine liver samples in vitro. MR thermometry was used to estimate the temperature elevation induced by ultrasound. Finally, we discuss the implications of our results with regard to the feasibility of using radiation force for t‐MRE in a clinical setting, and a specific echo‐planar imaging (EPI) MRE sequence is proposed. Magn Reson Med 60:871–881, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Estimation of the orientation distribution function from diffusional kurtosis imaging
Authors: Lazar Mariana , Jensen Jens H. , Xuan Liang , Helpern Joseph A. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThe Orientation Distribution Function (ODF) is used to describe the directionality of multimodal diffusion in regions with complex fiber architecture present in brain and other biological tissues. In this study, an approximation for the ODF of water diffusion from diffusional kurtosis imaging (DKI) is presented. DKI requires only a relatively limited number of diffusion measurements and, for the brain, b values no higher than 2500 s/mm2. The DKI‐based ODF approximation is decomposed into two components representing the Gaussian and non‐Gaussian (NG) diffusion contributions, respectively. Simulations of multiple fiber configurations show that both the total and the NG‐ODF are able to resolve the orientations of the component fibers, with the NG‐ODF being the most sensitive to profiling the fibers' directions. Orientation maps obtained for in vivo brain imaging data demonstrate multiple fiber components in brain regions with complex anatomy. The results appear to be in agreement with known white matter architecture. Magn Reson Med 60:774–781, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.