bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment of early‐stage gastric lymphoma
Authors: Ben‐Yosef Rami , Hoppe Richard T. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe treatment of early‐stage gastric lymphoma is controversial. This retrospective analysis reports on the outcome of 24 patients treated in our institution during the past 25 years. Fourteen patients had stage IEA, one patient had IEB, six patients IIEA1, and three patients had stage IIEA2 non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Diffuse large cell intermediate‐grade NHL was diagnosed in 17 patients, diffuse small cleaved cell in three patients, and diffuse mixed large and small cell lymphosarcoma, low‐grade B‐cell lymphoma, and unclassified lymphoma in one patient each. Fourteen patients underwent surgery, 21 had radiation therapy (XRT), and 10 patients received chemotherapy. Surgery + XRT were given to 7 patients, surgery + XRT + chemo and XRT alone were delivered to five patients each, and XRT + chemotherapy were employed in four patients. Surgery alone was the initial treatment in two patients and chemotherapy alone was given to one patient.Following treatment 22/24 achieved a complete response. During a mean follow‐up period of 77.6 months (range 1‐285), five patients relapsed. At 10 years, the actuarial survival of the 15 patients with stage I disease was 57.4% and for stage II it was 51.9% (Gehan P‐value 0.33). Freedom from relapse (FFR) was 60.7% and 58.3%, respectively (P‐value 0.56). No significant statistical differences in terms of survival and FFR were noted in patients treated with surgery, chemotherapy, or XRT. The outcome of patients treated with triple‐modality therapy was similar to those treated with double‐modality therapy and to patients treated with XRT alone. Gender, age, presenting symptoms, depth of tumor through the gastric wall, and stage were not statistically significant for prediction of either survival or FFR.Both surgery + XRT and chemotherapy + XRT are effective in the treatment of early‐stage gastric disease. XRT alone is equally effective as two or three modality treatments in the subset of patients with early‐stage gastric lymphoma. However, the low number of patients treated with various approaches over a long period precludes a firm conclusion. Until prospective randomized studies are initiated, management programs should be individually tailored. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, inc.
Surgery for brain metastases from nonsmall cell lung carcinomas and tissue cultures from the resected specimens
Authors: Kodama Ken , Doi Osamu , Higashiyama Masahiko , Yokouchi Hideoki , Nakagawa Hidemitsu , Mori Yoichi 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBetween 1978 and 1989, 44 patients underwent 44 thoracotomies and 55 craniotomies for nonsmall cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) and its brain metastases. Patient ages ranged from 20 to 75 years. There were no intraoperative mortalities. The 2‐, 3‐, and 5‐year survival rates following the initial craniotomy were 23%, 10%, and 10%, respectively. Patient survival did not differ with respect to solitary or multiple metastases or the sequence of surgery for primary lesion and brain metastases. Moreover, there was no significant difference in survival between patients treated by surgery alone and those receiving surgery followed by whole brain radiotherapy. After 1985, in vitro tissue culture was attempted using freshly resected specimens of brain metastases obtained from 30 consecutive cases. Of those specimens, nine (30%) were successfully established as permanent cell lines. Eight of those cell lines revealed DNA‐aneuploid pattern on flow cytometric analysis. The remaining cell line was not analyzed. Karyotype analysis was also performed in eight of nine established cell lines. Two adenocarcinoma cell lines showed the presence of +3p‐ chromosome, and three showed +7q‐ chromosome as recurrent chromosomal abnormalities. These findings provide new evidence concerning the presence of 3p‐ and/or 7q‐ marker chromosomes in certain adenocarcinoma cell lines established from brain metastases. The prognosis was poorer in the group with in vitro tumor growth than that in the group showing no in vitro tumor growth. These cell lines established from brain metastases may be useful materials not only for studying the biological characteristics and chemo‐sensitivity testing, but also for estimating prognoses after resection of brain metastases. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Diminished visceral adipose tissue in cancer cachexia
Authors: Ogiwara Hiroyuki , Takahashi Seiichi , Kato Yutaro , Uyama Ichiro , Takahara Tetsuya , Kikuchi Kaichiro , Iida Shuhei 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTo estimate the relationship between the visceral adipose tissue (AT) area and cancer cachexia, 13 cachectic patients (7 males, 6 females; age 65.2 ± 11.0 years; body mass index 20.8 ± 4.1 kg/m2) were examined by computed tomography (CT) scanning. Cachectic cancer patients who had a 10% decrease of body weight and died within 6 months because of gastrointestinal carcinoma had a significantly smaller visceral AT area than control subjects (mean ± sd: 43.9 ± 42.2 cm2 vs. 93.4 ± 56.0 cm2, P < 0.05, P=0.014). Otherwise, there were no significant differences between the visceral AT areas of cachectic cancer patients and those of cancer patients with resectable tumors treated by curative operation (mean ± sd: 68.8 ± 57.7 cm2) (NS, P=0.206). There was, however, a tendency for cachectic cancer patients to have a smaller visceral AT area than those with resectable tumors. This result suggests that the visceral AT area is not preserved in the cachectic state associated with cancer. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Survival and toxicity of xenogeneic murine retroviral vector producer cells in liver
Authors: Moorman Donald W. , Butler Daniel A. , Stanley J. Daniel , Lamsam Jesse L. , Culver Kenneth W. , Ackermann Mark R. , Jacobson Carol D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMurine retroviral vector producer cells (VPC) can selectively transfer genes stably into proliferating cells. We injected LacZ gene producing VPC directly into normal rat liver. There was no measurable gene transfer into the surrounding hepatic parenchyma with X‐GAL staining. Rejection of the xenogeneic murine VPC occurred 7‐14 days after injection. Toxicity of this delivery method was evaluated with the herpes simplex‐thymidine kinase (HS‐tk) gene, which confers sensitivity to the antiherpes drug, ganciclovir (GCV). HS‐tk VPC were injected and allowed to grow in normal liver for 7 days before GCV treatment. There was no clinical or histologic evidence of toxicity with GCV treatment. These findings suggest that the direct injection of murine VPC into xenogeneic human tumors may survive sufficiently long without immunosuppression to transfer genes to tumor cells in situ without attendant toxicity. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Clostridium difficile toxin a therapy for hct 116 human colon cancer in nude mice
Authors: Kushnaryov Vladimir M. , Hernandez Irene , Grossberg Sidney E. , Redlich Philip N. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractClostridium difficile toxin A was evaluated for an antitumor effect in vivo on HCT 116 human colon carcinoma cells growing subcutaneously in nude mice. A mean reduction in tumor volume of at least 65%, by measurement in three dimensions, was observed in mice who received two 9‐ to 13‐day courses of daily intraperitoneal injections of toxin A as compared to mice receiving diluent alone. Reversible adverse effects of toxin A were noted in some animals, consisting primarily of liver toxicity and skin rash. HCT 116 cells in toxin A‐treated mice grew as flattened tumors with ulcerated centers compared to rounded tumors without ulceration in controls. Histologic examination of tumors from representative mice revealed that two thirds of the tumor in a treated mouse was necrotic compared to only one third in a control, suggesting greater antitumor efficacy of toxin A than estimated by tumor measurements alone. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Primary squamous cell carcinoma within a solitary nonparasitic hepatic cyst
Authors: Ghossein Ronald , Banbury Jillian , Conlon Kevin C. , Brennan Murray F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA case report is presented of a patient who developed primary squamous cell carcinoma in a solitary nonparasitic hepatic cyst. The clinical presentation, operative management, and pathological findings are discussed. This case is unusual as the histology demonstrates transition from columnar cell architecture through squamous cell metaplasia and carcinoma in situ to invasive carcinoma. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Liver metastases from soft tissue sarcomas
Authors: Hafner Gordon H. , Rao Uma , Karakousis Constantine P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwenty‐three patients with liver metastases from soft tissue sarcoma were reviewed.Patients with metastases to the liver first had poorer survival than those who developed spread to other sites first (P=.0035). The median time from diagnosis of the primary tumor to diagnosis of liver metastases was 14 months; the median time from diagnosis of liver metastases to death was 7 months. The median survival from diagnosis for four patients who underwent liver resection was 54 months compared to 20 months for those who did not undergo resection (NS).Soft tissue sarcomas rarely metastasize to the liver; when this occurs it is usually late in the course of the disease and after it has spread to other sites. The opportunity for successful liver resection is infrequent but may prolong survival. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Establishment and characterization of TSGH9201, a human gastric carcinoma cell line that is growth inhibited by epidermal growth factor
Authors: Shyu Rong‐Yaun , Jiang Shun‐Yuan , Yeh Ming‐Yang , Wang Chang‐Chung , Wu Ming‐Fang , Harn Horng‐Jyh , Chang Tzu‐Ming 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA human signet ring gastric carcinoma cell line TSGH9201 was established in vitro. The cells grew in vitro as a monolayer with polygonal morphology and had a population doubling time of 34 hours. The cells secreted tumor markers CEA and CA 125. They were, however, not tumorigenic in athymic nude mice. Karyotypic analysis demonstrated a near tetraploidy with a modal chromosome number of 98. Northern blotting and immunocytochemical analysis revealed the expression of both transforming growth factor α and high levels of epidermal growth factor receptor. Cell growth was inhibited by the epidermal growth factor in vitro. The cell line may be a useful tool to study autocrine growth regulation through the epidermal growth factor receptor. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Postoperative radiotherapy in gastric cancer
Authors: Guzel Zuzanna , Gajl Danuta , Grzegorzewski Jerzy 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSurgeons in Poland are very skeptical about the positive role of adjuvant irradiation in patients with gastric cancer. A retrospective study of 21 patients with operable gastric cancer referred for irradiation to Cancer Centre in Warsaw between December 1984 and December 1991 was performed. Patients were qualified to receive adjuvant treatment because of bad prognostic factors—nonradical surgery (10 patients), infiltration of entire thickness of gastric wall (13 patients), and metastases in regional lymph nodes (9 patients). All patients were in good condition.They were treated by either telecobalt 60 unit or linear accelerator using 9–15 MeV photons. The total dose to the gastric bed and lymphatic was 46–50 Gy in 25 to 28 fractions, 5 days a week. The tolerance of treatment was good. None of these patients received 5‐FU either during irradiation or as maintenance therapy.We have obtained more than 50% overall survival rate at 3 years. Median survival was 27 months and median recurrent‐free interval 27 months. Local recurrence was found in four patients, distant metastases in five patients. In the group of 10 patients with nonradical surgery, 5 are alive without evidence of disease from 2 up to 7 years after treatment.Our preliminary results and good tolerance of treatment seem to support the beneficial role of adjuvant radiotherapy after gastrectomy in patients with risk factors of locoregional cancer recurrence. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Lymphokine‐activated killer cell function of lymphocytes from regional lymph nodes in patients with gastric carcinoma
Authors: Arinaga Shinya , Karimine Nobuya , Nanbara Shigeru , Inoue Hiroshi , Nakashima Hideaki , Ueo Hiroaki , Akiyoshi Tsuyoshi 
Published: February 2007

AbstractLymphokine‐activated killer (LAK) cells generated by culture of regional lymph node cells (LNC) with interleukin 2 (IL 2) for 4 and 11 days were examined for their functional capabilities in comparison with those of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBM) in 25 patients with gastric carcinoma. The cytotoxic activity of LAK cells induced from LNC for 4‐day culture with IL 2 was significantly lower than that from PBM. However, the LNC‐LAK cytotoxicity was markedly increased up to almost the same level as that of PBM after 11‐day culture. The production of interferon‐γ (INF‐γ) and tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) from nonadherent LAK cells in LNC was also significantly reduced as compared to that from PBM 4 days after culture, when stimulated with or without tumor target, Raji cells. After 11‐day culture with IL 2, however, the levels of these cytokines produced by LNC‐LAK cells either with or without stimulation by tumor target were comparable to those by PBM‐LAK cells, although the release of these cytokines was markedly reduced when compared to that after 4‐day culture. Phenotypic analysis revealed decreased proportion of cells mediating NK activity in LNC before and 4 days after culture. CD56+ and CD57+ cells in LNC were increased after 11‐day culture, although the percentages of these cells were still low as compared to those in PBM. The proportions of OKIal+ and CD25+ cells were uniformly increased after 4 and 11‐day culture in both cell populations. Changes in subpopulations of CD4+ and CD8+ cells in LNC were not apparently different from PBM. These results indicated the differential LAK cell function of cells from regional lymph nodes from PBM in patients with gastric carcinoma. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cytokine‐mediated alterations in host metabolism prevent nutritional repletion in cachectic cancer patients
Authors: Espat N. Joseph , Moldawer Lyle L. , Copeland Edward M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe clinical syndrome of cachexia is characterized by anorexia, continued losses of lean body mass, and altered carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. As early as the 1930s, this “chronic wasting” syndrome had been identified as the most frequent immediate cause of death in patients with cancer [Warren: Am J Med Sci 184:610–619, 1932]. At present, controversy remains as to the benefit of supplemental parenteral or enteral feedings in the nutritional repletion of cachectic cancer patients, since only selected patient groups have demonstrated clear benefit from their administration [Copeland et al.: Cancer 43:2108‐2116, 1979; Copeland et al.: Cancer Res 37:2451‐2456, 1977; Terepka and Waterhouse: Am J Med 20:225‐238, 1956]. Despite having these advanced nutritional modalities firmly in our therapeutic armamentarium, the progression of cachexia in the nutritionally depleted cancer patient often continues unabated, and our ability to intervene successfully remains limited. This review proposes that host: tumor interactions lead to a nonspecific inflammatory response mediated in part by the chronic production and release of proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin‐1, tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin‐6 and interferon‐γ, which antagonize the anabolic signals associated with enteral and parenteral nutrition support. Cytokine‐mediated alterations can explain the inability of adequate dietary nitrogen and calories to result in lean tissue repletion. Based on this proposal, interrupting proinflammatory cytokine production or target organ action may be an appropriate therapeutic objective to improve nutrient utilization in patients with tumors. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Immunohistochemical analysis of p53 in colorectal cancer regarding clinicopathological correlation and prognostic significance
Authors: Tomoda Hirotsugu , Kakeji Yoshihiro 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe overexpression of the tumor suppressor gene p53 was investigated immunohistochemically in 144 cases of primary colorectal cancer and in 8 cases with cancer in the corresponding metastatic lymph nodes. Abnormalities in p53 expression were found in 36 cases (25%) of the 144 primary cancer cases. In addition, p53‐positive tumors were found to metastasize frequently to the lymph nodes, as compared to p53‐negative tumors (61.1% vs. 41.7%, P=0.0428). p53 staining was identical in 7 of 8 (87.5%) cases in primary and metastatic lesions. When the DNA content of the tumor was determined by flow cytometry, the DNA index (mean ± SD) was significantly higher in p53‐positive tumors than in p53‐negative tumors (1.57 ± 0.38 vs. 1.39 ± 0.37, P=0.012). Therefore, the immunohistochemical data of p53 in colorectal cancer may help in potentially predicting metastatic spread to the lymph nodes. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Concomitant and isolated expression of TGF‐alpha and EGF‐R in human hepatoma cells supports the hypothesis of autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine growth of human hepatoma
Authors: Carr Brian I. , Yamaguchi Koji , Nalesnik Michael A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSingle and double immunohistochemical staining for transforming growth factor (TGF)‐alpha and epidermal growth factor‐receptor (EGF‐R) was done in order to identify the localization of TGF‐alpha and EGF‐R in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Single immunohistochemical staining for TGF‐alpha showed immunoreactivity in the cytoplasm of hepatoma cells in 22 of 30 cases of HCC. The localization of TGF‐alpha was heterogeneous from HCC cells to HCC cells. In the surrounding regenerative nodules, the hepatocytes were mildly to moderately positive for TGF‐alpha. The proliferating bile ductules and peripheral nerves were also immunopositive for TGF‐alpha. Single immunohistochemical staining for EGF‐R demonstrated a linear localization of EGF‐R along the cell membrane of the HCC cells in 21 of the 30 cases of HCC. In the regenerative nodules, the hepatocytes also showed linear staining along the cell membrane. Double staining for TGF‐alpha and EGF‐R in 12 cases of HCC showed a concurrent localization of TGF‐alpha and EGF‐R in some hepatoma cells and isolated localization of the two substances of other HCC cells. These combinations either abruptly moved around or intermingled with each other. These immonohistochemical results thus support the theory of an autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine mechanism of TGF‐alpha and EGF‐R on the proliferation of human hepatocellular carcinoma. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Needle track seeding after percutaneous ethanol injection therapy for small hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Shimada Mitsuo , Kano Tadashi , Saitoh Atsushi , Maeda Takashi , Morotomi Ikuo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe present two cases of patients experiencing needle track seeding after undergoing percutaneous ethanol injection therapy (PEIT) for small hepatocellular carcinoma, who were treated by surgical resection of the metastases. One patient demonstrated metastatic tumors due to needle track seeding 6 months after the beginning of PEIT (a total of 7 injection sessions for 2 tumors measuring <20 mm in diameters), whereas the other developed a metastatic tumor 20 months after beginning PEIT (a total of 30 injection sessions for 3 tumors measuring <20 mm in diameter). In the two cases, both the primary and metastatic tumors histologically revealed moderately differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma. Moreover, the histological findings of the metastatic foci did not always appear to be more aggressive than those of the primary tumors. Therefore, in order to detect such metastasis as early as possible, more careful attention should be paid to the appearance of needle track seeding after performing PEIT for hepatocellular carcinoma, even if the target of such PEIT is small HCC. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Long‐term impact of previous breast biopsy on breast cancer screening modalities
Authors: Goff James M. , Molloy Mark , Debbas Maureen T. , Hale Douglas A. , Jaques David P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractApproximately 80% of breast biopsies are performed for what proves to be a benign process. The patients who undergo these procedures should continue screening with breast physical examination and mammography. The long‐term impact of breast biopsy on these screening modalities has not been well studied. We performed a prospective, follow‐up evaluation in 63 patients who underwent needle localization biopsy with benign histology at our institution between 6 and 7 years ago. This evaluation consisted of a directed history, breast physical examination, and follow‐up mammogram. Two patients (3%) had undergone mastectomy for an interval breast cancer; 17 others (28%) had undergone subsequent biopsies. No patient had changes on physical examination of the biopsy site. All mammograms were evaluated as normal or as having benign abnormalities. Excisional breast biopsy does not generally produce long‐term changes affecting the interpretation of breast physical examination or mammography.
Prognostic indicators for neuroblastoma: Stage, grade, DNA ploidy, MIB‐1‐proliferation index, p53, HER‐2/neu and EGFr–a survival study
Authors: Layfield Lester J. , Keith Thompson J. , Dodge Richard K. , Kerns Billie‐Jo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNeuroblastoma, a tumor of the sympathetic nervous system, is one of the most common solid malignancies in infants and represents 7% of all cases of childhood cancer outside of the central nervous system. Thirty‐five samples of neuroblastoma from 31 patients were obtained from Duke University Medical Center between 1979 and 1991 and studied to determine the relative prognostic value of a number of clinical, histologic, nuclear, and oncogenic features. The features studied were: stage, Shimada classification, DNA ploidy, MIB‐1‐proliferation index and status for HER‐2/neu, p53 and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFr). Only age (P = .03), HER‐2/neu (P = .01), and p53 (P = .02) reached statistical significance as prognostic indicators. The median survival for patients with no HER‐2/neu expression was 12 months; median survival for patients with no HER‐2/neu expression was 138 months. Similary, the median survival for patients with p53 expression was 12 months; patients with no p53 expression had a median survival was 144 months. The combination of either HER‐2/neu or p53 positivity was especially strong as a prognostic indicator (p = .002).
Prognostic factors of resectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Chou Fong‐Fu , Sheen‐Chen Shyr‐Ming , Chen Chao‐Long , Chen Yaw‐Sen , Chen Mao‐Chan 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIntrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is a rare disease. The prognostic factors of resectable cholangiocarcinoma have not been previously reported. Nineteen patients (10M, 9F) with resectable cholangiocarcinoma were investigated to find factors that might influence prognosis. The cumulative survival rate was measured using the Kaplan‐Meier method. The log‐rank test was used to compare two survivals. Age, sex, tumor size, and positive tissue carcinoembryonic antigen were factors that had no influence on prognosis. Patients with a positive HLA‐DR, a well‐differentiated carcinoma, and a clear resective margin had better prognoses but were statistically undifferentiatable from the other patients. Patients with positive hilar lymph nodes had poor prognoses (p < 0.01), whereas patients with positive mucobilia had good prognoses (p < 0.05). Positive staining for HLA‐DR on tumor cells was observed in nine of 19 cases of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. The positive HLA‐DR staining correlated with a better prognosis, but no significant difference was noted between the positive and negative HLA‐DR staining group. A positive hilar lymph node was a grave sign, as almost all patients of positive lymph node died within 9 months after operation. Positive mucobilia was a good prognostic sign that correlated with the long‐term survival.