bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of polymerase chain reaction amplifications through phosphate detection using an enzyme–based microbiosensor in a microfluidic device
Authors: Shiddiky Muhammad J. A. , Rahman Md. Aminur , Park Jang‐Su , Shim Yoon‐Bo 
Published: April 2006

AbstractAn electrochemical method was developed for analyzing PCR amplification through the detection of inorganic phosphates (Pi). This method coupled a microchip to a nanoparticle comprising poly‐5,2'‐5',2''‐terthiophene‐3'‐carboxylic acid (poly‐TTCA)/pyruvate oxidase (PyO) modified microbiosensor. It detects Pi produced from the pyrophosphate (PPi), which is released as a byproduct of PCR. After completion of PCR, PPi is hydrolyzed to Pi by inorganic pyrophosphatase. On the microbiosensor surface, pyruvate was converted to H2O2 by PyO in the presence of Pi and oxygen, and subsequently, the anodic current of enzymatically generated H2O2 was detected at +0.5 V versus Ag/AgCl. The CE‐EC analysis was completed within 2 min in a coated channel with 75.0 mm separation length at the field strength of −200 V/cm. Excellent operation stability of poly‐TTCA/PyO was observed for a long period of analysis. The reproducibility of the analysis yielded an RSD of 3.4% (n = 22) for the peak areas and 1.8% (n = 22) for the migration times. The sensitivity of the analysis was 0.59 ± 0.01 nA/cycle with a regression coefficient of 0.971.
Life cycle evaluation of CO2 recovery and mineral sequestration alternatives
Authors: Khoo Hsien H. , Tan Reginald B.H. 
Published: April 2006

AbstractCO2 fixation technologies such as mineral sequestration—that is, the storage of CO2 as carbonate rocks—are beginning to emerge as means to mitigate global climatic change. In this study, the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) approach is applied to quantify the effective systemwide environmental impacts of CO2 sequestration in mineral rocks. Five alternative processes for mineral sequestration are compared in combination with various CO2 recovery technologies. SimaPro's Eco‐indicator '99 (“Hierarchist‐Average” version) is used for generating the impact assessment results and sensitivity analysis was carried out to compare the results with other possible weighting options. Finally, the sequestration effectiveness parameter was calculated for the various combinations of CO2 recovery and mineral sequestration options. © 2006 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2006
High incidence of t(7;12)(q36;p13) in infant AML but not in infant ALL, with a dismal outcome and ectopic expression of HLXB9
Authors: von Bergh Anne R. M. , van Drunen Ellen , van Wering Elisabeth R. , van Zutven Laura J. C. M. , Hainmann Ina , Lönnerholm Gudmar , Meijerink Jules P. , Pieters Rob , Beverloo H. Berna 
Published: April 2006

AbstractThe t(7;12)(q36;p13) is a recurrent translocation involving the ETV6/TEL gene (12p13) and a heterogeneous breakpoint at 7q36. A fusion transcript between HLXB9 and ETV6 in AML with t(7;12) is occasionally found. To study the incidence of t(7;12) in infant and childhood acute leukemia, we screened 320 cases <36 months using FISH. Additionally, 28 pediatric cases >36 months with cytogenetic breakpoints at 12p and 7q were investigated. We studied the presence of an HXLB9‐ETV6 fusion transcript and quantified the expression of various genes located in the 7q36 breakpoint region. In total, six AML patients carried the t(7;12) of which five were infants and one child of 18 months. Only one out of 99 infant ALL patients harbored the t(7;12). No t(7;12) was found in older children with AML or ALL. AML patients carrying a t(7;12) had a poor outcome with a 3‐year EFS of 0%. A fusion of HLXB9 to ETV6 was found in four AML cases with t(7;12). The 7q36 genes NOM1, LMBR1, RNF32, and SHH were equally expressed among t(7;12)‐positive AML versus t(7;12)‐negative AML, t(7;12)‐negative ALL, or normal bone marrow. However, the HLXB9 expression was highly increased in t(7;12)‐positive cases, including those with an HLXB9‐ETV6 fusion. We conclude that the t(7;12) is almost exclusively present in infant AML and covers 30% of infant AML, while it is extremely rare in infant ALL and older children. The t(7;12) is associated with a poor outcome and an ectopic expression of HLXB9 is commonly involved in this genetic subtype of leukemia. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The Nutrition, Aging, and Memory in Elders (NAME) study: design and methods for a study of micronutrients and cognitive function in a homebound elderly population
Authors: Scott Tammy M. , Peter Inga , Tucker Katherine L. , Arsenault Lisa , Bergethon Peter , Bhadelia Rafeeque , Buell Jennifer , Collins Lauren , Dashe John F. , Griffith John , Hibberd Patricia , Leins Drew , Liu Timothy , Ordovas Jose M. , Patz Samuel , Price Lori Lyn , Qiu Wei Qiao , Sarnak Mark , Selhub Jacob , Smaldone Lauren , Wagner Carey , Wang Lixia , Weiner Daniel , Yee Jacqueline , Rosenberg Irwin , Folstein Marshal 
Published: April 2006

AbstractBackgroundMicronutrient status can affect cognitive function in the elderly; however, there is much to learn about the precise effects. Understanding mediating factors by which micronutrient status affects cognitive function would contribute to elders' quality of life and their ability to remain in the home.ObjectivesThe Nutrition, Aging, and Memory in Elders (NAME) Study is designed to advance the current level of knowledge by investigating potential mediating factors by which micronutrient status contributes to cognitive impairment and central nervous system abnormalities in the elderly. NAME targets homebound elders because they are understudied and particularly at risk for poor nutritional status.MethodsSubjects are community‐based elders aged 60 and older, recruited through area Aging Services Access Points. The NAME core data include demographics; neuropsychological testing and activities of daily living measures; food frequency, health and behavioral questionnaires; anthropometrics; gene status; plasma micronutrients, homocysteine, and other blood determinants. A neurological examination, psychiatric examination, and brain MRI and volumetric measurements are obtained from a sub‐sample.ResultsPreliminary data from first 300 subjects are reported. These data show that the NAME protocol is feasible and that the enrolled subjects are racially diverse, at‐risk, and had similar basic demographics to the population from which they were drawn.ConclusionThe goal of the NAME study is to evaluate novel relationships between nutritional factors and cognitive impairment. These data may provide important information on potential new therapeutic strategies and supplementation standards for the elderly to maintain cognitive function and potentially reduce the public health costs of dementia. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
CYP2D6 genotype and venlafaxine‐XR concentrations in depressed elderly
Authors: Whyte Ellen M. , Romkes Marjorie , Mulsant Benoit H. , Kirshne Margaret A. , Begley Amy E. , Reynolds Charles F. , Pollock Bruce G. 
Published: April 2006

AbstractIntroductionThe elderly are at increased risk for medication‐related adverse events. Recent reports indicate that venlafaxine may put the elderly at increased risk of cardio‐ and cerebrovascular adverse events. We investigated the relationship between theCYP2D6polymorphism and steady‐state plasma concentration of venlafaxine (VEN) and its primary metabolite o‐desmethylvenlafaxine (ODV) in elderly participants receiving venlafaxine‐XR for major depression in order to explore the contribution of pharmacogenetics to medication tolerability.MethodsForty‐six elderly participants received venlafaxine‐XR for the treatment of major depression.CYP2D6genotype and steady‐state plasma levels of VEN and ODV were determined.ResultsSixty‐five percent of participants were homozygous of the wild type (WT) allele, whereas 35% carried one or more variant alleles associated with intermediate and poor 2D6 metabolizer status. VEN concentration per unit dose was significantly higher and ODV concentration per unit dose was significantly lower in participants who carried one or more variant alleles compared to participants who were homozygous for the WT allele. The VEN and ODV concentrations per unit dose were also correlated with creatinine clearance.CYP2D6genotype was not associated with medication associated side‐effects.ConclusionsPlasma dose‐corrected concentrations of VEN and ODV correlated with genetically determinedCYP2D6enzymatic activity in depressed elders treated with venlafaxine‐XR. This relationship was not masked by the effects of age‐related illness or polypharmacy. Future clinical application of pharmacogenetics to examine 2D6‐dependent medications may help reduce the incidence of medication adverse events particularly in those elders at higher risk for medication adverse events due to impaired renal or cardiac function. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors modulate the rate of progression of amnestic mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Rozzini Luca , Chilovi Barbara Vicini , Bertoletti Erik , Conti Marta , Rio Ilenia Del , Trabucchi Marco , Padovani Alessandro 
Published: April 2006

AbstractBackgroundPredictors of progression to dementia in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) define different groups with higher risks of progression. To date, efforts to differentiate those who will progress to dementia from those who will not have proved inconclusive, and while grades of risk have been identified, their generalizability is not clear.AimTo examine the clinical and socio‐demographical risk factors for progression of memory decline in a sample of subjects with referred memory complaints who met criteria for amnestic MCI.Methods and materialsSeventy‐four subjects consecutively recruited who met the operational criteria for amnestic MCI. They underwent multidimensional assessment and a neuropsychological battery at baseline and at follow‐up, after one year. Memory decline was defined using the short story mean score change (at follow‐up and at baseline). Subjects showing memory decline, with or without conversion to AD over time, were classified as havingprogressiveMCI; subjects that remained unchanged or improved during follow‐up were considered as havingstableMCI.ResultsSubjects withprogressiveMCI (n = 39, 53%) were older (p = <0.001) and more educated (p = 0.01) compared tostableMCI (n = 35, 47%) and their global cognitive performances, at baseline, were more compromised when assessed by ADAS‐Cog (p = 0.05). Antihypertensive drug prescription was greater in thestableMCI compared toprogressiveMCI (p = 0.01) and significant higher levels of plasma total homocysteine were obeserved inprogressiveMCI (p = 0.03). When analyzed in a logistic regression model, the prescription of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACE) was found to be independently associated to the stability of cognitive function, whereas older age, higher education, higher levels of plasma total homocysteine and total ADAS‐Cog basal score were independently associated with the progression of cognitive decline.ConclusionsOlder age, higher education, poor global cognitive performance, higher levels of plasma total homocysteine are independently associated with the progression of memory decline while the prescription of ACE Inhibitors is a protective factor for cognitive deterioration. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Multi‐target fluorescence in situ hybridization in bladder washings for prediction of recurrent bladder cancer
Authors: Zellweger Tobias , Benz Gabriel , Cathomas Gieri , Mihatsch Michael J. , Sulser Tullio , Gasser Thomas C. , Bubendorf Lukas 
Published: April 2006

AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of chromosomal analysis by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for predicting recurrence of urothelial carcinoma (UC) after transurethral resection. One hundred and thirty‐eight patients (median age 68.5 years) with a history of UC were eligible for this prospective study. FISH was applied to cytospin specimens prepared from bladder washings taken during a negative control cystoscopy. The multi‐target FISH test UroVysion® (Abbott/Vysis) containing probes to the centromeres of chromosomes 3, 7, 17 and the 9p21 locus was used. UC recurrence was defined as a positive biopsy during follow‐up. The median follow‐up time was 19.2 (4–52) months. FISH was positive in 50 (36%) patients and negative in 88 (64%) patients. A recurrence occurred in 39% of the patients with a positive FISH test and in 21% of patients with a negative FISH test. FISH positivity according to manufacturer's criteria, at the time of a negative cystoscopy, was not significantly associated with the risk of recurrence (p = 0.12). However, the sensitivity of the FISH test to predict recurrence was significantly improved by considering specimens with rare (≤10) tetraploid cells as negative (p < 0.006). In addition, presence of 9p21 deletion was significantly associated with recurrence (p < 0.01). Notably, positive standard cytology was an independent factor for subsequent recurrence in this study (p < 0.001). Taken together, multi‐target FISH may help to stratify the risk of recurrence of UC at the time of a negative follow‐up cystoscopy. Defining the optimal threshold for FISH positivity requires consideration of tetraploid pattern and 9p21 deletion. Our results also emphasize the paramount importance of conventional cytology for UC surveillance. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
High birth weight increases mammary tumorigenesis in rats
Authors: de Assis Sonia , Khan Galam , Hilakivi‐Clarke Leena 
Published: April 2006

AbstractEpidemiological studies have investigated whether a high birth weight is associated with increased breast cancer risk, but the results remain inconclusive. This study was designed to determine whether high birth weight increases later susceptibility to carcinogen‐induced mammary tumorigenesis in an animal model and to determine mechanisms mediating this association. Pregnant female Sprague Dawley rats were fed either a control or a high‐fat diet during the extent of gestation. Maternal exposure to the high‐fat diet increased pregnancy leptin levels and offspring's birth weight, but had no effect on pregnancy estradiol or insulin‐like growth factor 1 levels. Changes in the offspring's mammary gland morphology and protein expression were assessed. The mammary epithelial tree of the high‐birth‐weight offspring was denser, contained more terminal end buds and exhibited higher number of proliferating cells. Further, their mammary glands expressed lower levels of ER‐α, but higher levels of activated MAPK. No alterations in apoptosis were noted. High‐birth‐weight rats developed 7,12‐dimethylbenz[a]anthracene‐induced mammary tumors significantly earlier, and tumors grew larger than in the controls. The tumors in this group expressed higher levels of leptin receptor and activated Akt, and contained fewer apoptotic cells than those in the controls. Our results indicate that high birth weight is related to shortened latency to develop mammary tumors—perhaps reflecting an increase in activated MAPK levels and increased tumor growth—perhaps caused by a lower apoptotic response due to higher leptin receptor and activated Akt levels in the tumors. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Breast cancer risk in relation to abortion: Results from the EPIC study
Authors: Reeves Gillian K. , Kan Sau‐Wan , Key Tim , Tjønneland Anne , Olsen Anja , Overvad Kim , Peeters Petra H. , Clavel‐Chapelon Françoise , Paoletti Xavier , Berrino Franco , Krogh Vittorio , Palli Domenico , Tumino Rosario , Panico Salvatore , Vineis Paulo , Gonzalez Carlos A. , Ardanaz Eva , Martinez Carmen , Amiano Pilar , Quiros José R. , Tormo Maria R. , Khaw Kay‐Tee , Trichopoulou Antonia , Psaltopoulou Theodora , Kalapothaki Victoria , Nagel Gabriele , Chang‐Claude Jenny , Boeing Heiner , Lahmann Petra H. , Wirfält Elisabet , Kaaks Rudolf , Riboli Elio 
Published: April 2006

AbstractThe role of spontaneous and induced abortion on breast cancer risk is examined among 267,361 women recruited into the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and nutrition between 1992 and 2000. The data were collected from 20 centers, across 9 countries, and included information on a total of 4,805 women with breast cancer, of whom 1,657 reported having ever had any type of abortion. Overall, the relative risk of breast cancer in women who reported ever having had a spontaneous abortion was not significantly elevated when compared with women who reported never having had such an abortion (RR = 1.07, 95% CI = 0.99–1.14). However, there was some evidence of a slight increase in the risk of breast cancer among women who reported having had 2 or more spontaneous abortions (1.20, 1.07–1.35). The relative risk of breast cancer among women who reported ever having had an induced abortion when compared to women who reported never having had an induced abortion was 0.95 (0.87–1.03). Overall, the findings provide further unbiased evidence of the lack of an adverse effect of induced abortion on breast cancer risk. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Genetic polymorphisms of the XPG and XPD nucleotide excision repair genes in sarcoma patients
Authors: Le Morvan Valérie , Longy Michel , Bonaïti‐Pellié Catherine , Bui Binh , Houédé Nadine , Coindre Jean‐Michel , Robert Jacques , Pourquier Philippe 
Published: April 2006

AbstractThere are more than 50 subtypes of soft tissue sarcomas, among which 30% are associated with specific genetic alterations, including translocations. Several studies have reported associations between cancer risk and polymorphisms of DNA repair genes from the nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway. NER involves more than 20 proteins whose inactivation leads to xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) or cockayne syndrome (CS), among which XPD, a helicase allowing DNA strand excision by the endonuclease XPG. DNA from 93 patients with synovial sarcomas, myxoid liposarcomas, dermatofibrosarcomas protuberans (DFSP), malignant fibrous histiocytomas and leiomyosarcomas were genotyped for both XPD Lys751Gln and XPG Asp1104His polymorphisms. Departure from Hardy‐Weinberg was highly significant for the XPG polymorphism with an excess of heterozygotes in synovial sarcomas (p = 1.5 × 10−5), myxoid liposarcomas (p = 1.5 × 10−4) and to a lesser extent in DFSP (p = 0.028). In the case of XPD, a significant deviation was observed in synovial sarcomas (p = 3 × 10−6) and DFSP (p = 0.0014). When tumors were pooled according to their genetic alterations, the proportion of carriers of the variant XPG allele was significantly increased in sarcomas with specific translocations as compared to sarcomas with complex genetics (p < 10−9). No difference was found for XPD. Genotyping of the tumor samples in synovial sarcomas and myxoid liposarcomas revealed frequent loss of heterozygosity for XPG, mostly due to the loss of the frequent allele. For XPD, both alleles were lost with a similar frequency. Our results raise the potential implication of the XPG Asp1104His polymorphism in the occurrence of chromosomal translocations associated with specific subtypes of sarcomas. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Time to clearance of human papillomavirus infection by type and human immunodeficiency virus serostatus
Authors: Koshiol Jill E. , Schroeder Jane C. , Jamieson Denise J. , Marshall Stephen W. , Duerr Ann , Heilig Charles M. , Shah Keerti V. , Klein Robert S. , Cu‐Uvin Susan , Schuman Paula , Celentano David , Smith Jennifer S. 
Published: April 2006

AbstractPersistent infection with high‐risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is central to cervical carcinogenesis. Certain high‐risk types, such as HPV16, may be more persistent than other HPV types, and type‐specific HPV persistence may differ by HIV serostatus. This study evaluated the association between HPV type and clearance of HPV infections in 522 HIV‐seropositive and 279 HIV‐seronegative participants in the HIV Epidemiology Research Study (HERS, United States, 1993–2000). Type‐specific HPV infections were detected using MY09/MY11/HMB01‐based PCR and 26 HPV type‐specific probes. The estimated duration of type‐specific infections was measured from the first HPV‐positive visit to the first of two consecutive negative visits. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for HPV clearance were calculated using Cox models adjusted for study site and risk behavior (sexual or injection drugs). A total of 1,800 HPV infections were detected in 801 women with 4.4 years median follow‐up. HRs for clearance of HPV16 and related types versus low‐risk HPV types were 0.79 (95% CI: 0.64–0.97) in HIV‐positive women and 0.86 (95% CI: 0.59–1.27) in HIV‐negative women. HRs for HPV18 versus low‐risk types were 0.80 (95% CI: 0.56–1.16) and 0.57 (95% CI: 0.22–1.45) for HIV‐positive and ‐negative women, respectively. HPV types within the high‐risk category had low estimated clearance rates relative to low‐risk types, but HRs were not substantially modified by HIV serostatus. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Benign ovarian cysts and breast cancer risk
Authors: Bosetti Cristina , Scotti Lorenza , Negri Eva , Talamini Renato , Levi Fabio , Franceschi Silvia , Montella Maurizio , Giacosa Attilio , Vecchia Carlo La 
Published: April 2006

AbstractBenign ovarian cysts have been suggested to influence breast cancer risk. To provide a comprehensive picture of the relation between ovarian cysts and breast cancer, we analyzed the data of 3 case‐control studies conducted in northern Italy and the Swiss Canton of Vaud between 1983 and 2001. These studies included 6,315 incident, histologically confirmed breast cancer cases and 6,038 hospital‐based controls. Odds ratios (OR) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using unconditional multiple logistic regression models, including terms for sociodemographic, menstrual and reproductive factors. Overall, 4.9% of breast cancer cases and 6.6% of controls reported a history of ovarian cysts, with a multivariate OR of 0.72 (95% CI 0.62–0.85). The inverse association between ovarian cysts and breast cancer was consistent in separate strata of age at menarche, parity, age at menopause status and family history of breast cancer. No meaningful differences were also found across strata of menstrual cycle length, oral contraceptive use, history of oophorectomy and body mass index. Thus, the inverse relation between ovarian cysts and breast cancer risk was not accounted for by earlier menopause, or by any difference in reproductive and menstrual characteristics. Although some hormonal correlates of ovarian cysts may have a role on breast cancer risk, a biological explanation of this inverse association is still unclear. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.