bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic Value of Troponins in Patients with Non‐ST‐segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes and Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Melloni Chiara , Alexander Karen P. , Milford‐Beland Sarah , Newby L. Kristin , Szczech Lynda A. , Pollack Charles V. , Kirk J. Douglas , Christenson Robert H. , Harrington Robert A. , Gibler W. Brian , Ohman E. Magnus , Peterson Eric D. , Roe Matthew T. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractBackgroundThe prognostic value of cardiac troponins (cTn) in patients with non‐ST‐segment elevation acute coronary syndromes (NSTE ACS) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) is debated.HypothesisWe tested the performance of cTnI and cTnT for risk stratification in patients with CKD and evaluated the prognostic significance of cTnI and cTnT elevations by their magnitude across the range of CKD severity.MethodsWe examined correlations among cTn elevation, CKD, and in‐hospital mortality in 31,586 high‐risk patients with NSTE ACS included in the Can Rapid Risk Stratification of Unstable Angina Patients Suppress ADverse Outcomes with Early Implementation of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Guidelines initiative (CRUSADE). Cardiac tropinins I and T levels were categorized as ratios of each site's upper limit of normal (ULN) for myocardial necrosis: normal (cTn ratio ⩽1 × ULN), mild (cTn ratio > 1–3 × ULN), and major (cTn ratio > 3 × ULN) elevation. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated using the abbreviated Modification of Diet in Renal Disease equation. Stages of CKD were categorized as normal to mild (eGFR > 60 mL/min), moderate (eGFR 30–60 mL/min), or severe (eGFR < 30 mL/min).ResultsMortality increased more steeply across CKD stages (2.0%–12.9%) than across cTn ratio categories (2.7%–5.4%). In normal or mild CKD, mortality was low regardless of cTn elevations. In moderate CKD, mortality increased incrementally with cTnI (3.3% versus 5.4% versus 7.4%) and cTnT (3.7% versus 5.3% versus 7.3%) elevation. Among severe CKD patients, only major cTn elevations further distinguished risk (cTnI: 10.1% versus 9.7% versus 14.6%; cTnT: 7.0% versus 5.7% versus 14.0%).ConclusionsIn patients with CKD, cTnI and cTnT perform equally in differentiating short‐term prognosis following NSTE ACS; however, the prognostic impact of cTn is dependent upon the degree of CKD severity. Copyright © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Naphthoxazepine Inhibitors of HIV‐1 Integrase: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation
Authors: Garofalo Antonio , Grande Fedora , Brizzi Antonella , Aiello Francesca , Dayam Raveendra , Neamati Nouri 
Published: March 2008

AbstractTwo sets of compounds derived from the fusion of a diversely annulated naphthoxazepinedione system with 1,3‐thiazole and 1,3‐oxazole are described. These compounds are close analogues of previously reported thiazolothiazepine inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase (HIV‐1 IN). Some of the new derivatives show potency similar to that of the reference compounds, thus gaining further insight into the structure–activity relationship of this class of IN inhibitors.
Predicting CH/π Interactions with Nonlocal Density Functional Theory
Authors: Hooper Joe , Cooper Valentino R. , Thonhauser Timo , Romero Nichols A. , Zerilli Frank , Langreth David C. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractWe examine the performance of a recently developed nonlocal density functional in predicting a model noncovalent interaction, namely the weak bond between an aromatic π system and an aliphatic CH group. The new functional is a significant improvement over traditional density functionals, providing results which compare favorably to high‐level quantum‐chemistry techniques, but at considerably lower computational cost. Interaction energies in several model CH/π systems are in good general agreement with coupled‐cluster calculations, though equilibrium distances are consistently overpredicted when using the revPBE functional for exchange. The new functional predicts changes in energy upon addition of halogen substituents correctly.
Summary of ‘Antihistamines and/or decongestants for otitis media with effusion (OME) in children’
Authors: Milne Andrea 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThis is a summary of a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Griffin GH, Flynn C, Bailey RE, Schultz JK. Antihistamines and/or decongestants for otitis media with effusion (OME) in children. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2006, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD003423. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD003423.pub2.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying EBCH Commentary and Characteristics and Key Findings Tables articles. Copyright © 2008 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration
Commentary on ‘Early developmental intervention programs post hospital discharge to prevent motor and cognitive impairments in preterm infants’
Authors: Robertson Charlene M. T. , Vanderveen Jessica A. , Kirpalani Haresh 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThis is a commentary on a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Spittle AJ, Orton J, Doyle LW, Boyd R. Early developmental intervention programs post hospital discharge to prevent motor and cognitive impairments in preterm infants. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2007, Issue 2. Art. No.: CD005495. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD005495.pub2.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying EBCH Summary and Characteristics and Key Findings Tables articles. Copyright © 2008 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration
Th17 development and autoimmune arthritis in the absence of reactive oxygen species
Authors: George‐Chandy Annie , Nordström Inger , Nygren Erik , Jonsson Ing‐Marie , Postigo Jorge , Collins Laurence Vincent , Eriksson Kristina 
Published: March 2008

AbstractDendritic cells (DC) express a functional NADPH oxidase and produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) upon interaction with microbes and T cells. Exposure to ROS leads to DC activation and maturation, as evidenced by phenotypic and functional changes. We have evaluated how endogenous ROS production affects the cytokine secretion pattern and T cell‐activating capacity of bone marrow‐derived murine DC. DC treated with ROS scavengers, as well as DC from mice that lack a functional NADPH oxidase (and thereby inherently deficient in ROS production) produced significantly increased levels of IL‐1β, IL‐6, TNF‐α and TGF‐β in response to microbial activation. DC deficient in ROS production induced high levels of IFN‐γ and IL‐17 in responding T cells after Ag‐specific or superantigen‐induced activation. Finally, we show that ROS deficiency affected the induction of a T cell‐dependent inflammatory condition, collagen‐induced arthritis (CIA). C57BL/6 mice that lack a functional NADPH oxidase developed a severe and erosive CD4‐dependent CIA, whereas the majority of the congenic wild‐type animals remained healthy. These data suggest that ROS act as immunomodulators in DC‐driven T cell activation and perhaps also in T cell‐dependent immunopathology.
Proliferation and interleukin 5 production by CD8hiCD57+ T cells
Authors: Chong Lee K. , Aicheler Rebecca J. , Llewellyn‐Lacey Sian , Tomasec Peter , Brennan Paul , Wang Eddie C. Y. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractCD8hiCD57+ T cells have previously been described as effector memory T cells with minimal expansion capacity and high susceptibility to activation‐induced cell death. In contrast, we demonstrate here that CD8hiCD57+ T cells are capable of rapid expansion using multiple techniques including [3H]thymidine uptake, flow cytometric bead‐based enumeration and standard haemocytometer counting. Previous reports can be explained by marked inhibition of activation‐induced expansion and increased 7‐amino‐actinomycin D uptake by CD8hiCD57+ T cells following treatment with CFSE, a dye previously used to measure their proliferation, combined with specific media requirements for the growth of this cell subset. The ability of CD8hiCD57+ T cells to further differentiate is highlighted by a distinct cytokine profile late after activation that includes the unexpected release of high levels of interleukin 5. These data indicate that CD8hiCD57+ T cells should not be considered as “end‐stage” effector T cells incapable of proliferation, but represent a highly differentiated subset capable of rapid division and exhibiting novel functions separate from their previously described cytotoxic and IFN‐γ responses.
Preservation of a critical epitope core region is associated with the high degree of flaviviral cross‐reactivity exhibited by a dengue‐specific CD4+ T cell clone
Authors: Moran Edward , Simmons Cameron , Vinh Chau Nguyen , Luhn Kerstin , Wills Bridget , Dung Nguyen Phuong , Thao Le Thi Thu , Hien Tran Tinh , Farrar Jeremy , Rowland‐Jones Sarah , Dong Tao 
Published: March 2008

AbstractDengue is a member of the Flaviviridae, a large group of related viruses some of which co‐circulate in certain regions (e.g. dengue and Yellow fever in South America). Immune responses cross‐reactive between different dengue serotypes are important in the pathogenesis of dengue disease but it is not known whether previous infection with one flavivirus might affect the clinical course of subsequent infections with other members of the family. CD4+ T cells have been shown to be important in the production of cytokines in response to dengue infection and can demonstrate significant epitope cross‐reactivity. Here, we describe the generation and characterisation of CD4+ T cell clones from a patient experiencing acute dengue infection. These clones were DRB1*15+ and recognised epitope variants not only within other dengue viruses but certain other flaviviruses. This cross‐reactivity was dependent upon the presence of a five‐amino acid core region, consistent with structural observations of class II MHC binding to TCR demonstrating that only a subset of residues within an epitope bound to a class II molecule are “read out” by the TCR. This capacity of CD4+ T cell clones to recognise a given epitope despite considerable variation between viruses may be of pathological significance, particularly in regions where related viruses co‐circulate.
Electrochromatography in microchips packed with conventional reversed‐phase silica particles
Authors: Gaspar Attila , Hernandez Lilia , Stevens Schetema , Gomez Frank A. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThis paper shows the applicability of a disposable and inexpensive microfluidic chip for electrochromatographic separations. The chip, recently developed by us for chip‐based LC, was fabricated from PDMS incorporating conventional chromatographic RP silica particles (C18) without the use of frits. Three cephalosporin antibiotics were used to demonstrate the applicability of the chip‐based chromatographic packing for electrochromatographic determinations. The used sample injection method utilizes hydrodynamic pressure, thereby, reducing the propensity for sample bias during the injection.
Enantioselective silica‐based monoliths modified with a novel aminosulfonic acid‐derived strong cation exchanger for electrically driven and pressure‐driven capillary chromatography
Authors: Preinerstorfer Beatrix , Hoffmann Christian , Lubda Dieter , Lämmerhofer Michael , Lindner Wolfgang 
Published: March 2008

AbstractSilica monoliths modified with trans‐(1S,2S)‐2‐(N‐4‐allyloxy‐3,5‐dichlorobenzoyl)amino cyclohexanesulfonic acid were tested for enantioselective separations of various chiral bases by aqueous and nonaqueous CEC as well as nano‐HPLC. The optimization of the immobilization procedure showed that an intermediate selector (SO) coverage, as does result from a single static immobilization cycle in the capillary at 60°C with an 8% (m/v) SO solution in methanol, affords maximal EOF and optimal enantioselectivity values, while a second immobilization cycle does not lead to any improvements. Furthermore, the mobile phase composition was examined regarding the effectiveness of aqueous phases (ACN/water and methanol/water) compared to nonaqueous eluents (ACN/methanol) in terms of separation selectivity and efficiency. Additionally, different acids of varying strengths were tested as co‐ions in the ion‐exchange process, including formic acid, acetic acid, methanesulfonic acid, and TFA (pKa from 4.75 to 0.5). It turned out that the effects regarding EOF and enantioselectivity were largely negligible. The chromatographic efficiencies of the new capillary columns were compelling and remarkable for bases. H–u curves established for mefloquine revealed a C‐term contribution (resistance to mass transfer) by a factor of about six lower in CEC than in nano‐HPLC and an A‐term (flow maldistribution) about three times lower in the CEC mode. Theoretical plate heights as low as around 3–5 μm could be obtained in CEC over a wide flow range (0.5–1.5 mm/s). Run‐to‐run repeatabilities like in HPLC and excellent system stability promise the practical usefulness of the novel monolithic capillary column for enantiomeric composition analysis of pharmaceuticals by CEC.
Nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis for analysis of the ethanol consumption biomarker phosphatidylethanol
Authors: Varga Arthur , Nilsson Staffan 
Published: March 2008

AbstractNonaqueous CE (NACE) methodology was developed for the separation and determination of phosphatidylethanol (Peth), a new biomarker of ethanol intake. Peth is an abnormal phospholipid formed in cell membranes only in the presence of ethanol, via the transphosphatidylation reaction of phospholipase D. The NACE separation medium consisted of 80 mM ammonium acetate in 50% ACN, 33% 2‐propanol, 12% hexane and 5% methanol. A stacking effect was obtained by reducing the concentration of ammonium acetate in the separation medium for all injected samples. The LOD was estimated to 1 μM (5.6 fmol) of Peth with conventional UV detection, equalling 0.4 μmol/L blood. Peth was successfully determined in extracts of human blood samples. Separation of Peth from other blood lipids in the lipid extract sample was performed in 5 min. The method facilitates smaller sample volumes and performs about ten times faster compared to earlier chromatographical methods.
Stellan Hjertén's contribution to the development of monolithic stationary phases
Authors: Svec Frantisek 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThis overview is presented to celebrate the birthday of one of the luminaries of the separation science and my friend – Stellan Hjertén. He made significant contributions to a variety of areas in separation science such as electrophoresis, LC, and CEC to name just a few. Since the scope of his work was enormous, this review will focus only on a single aspect of his scientific activities, the design and applications of monolithic materials. During the years starting from 1989, Stellan Hjertén published many excellent papers concerning the preparation of acrylamide chemistry‐based monoliths and their use in both micro‐HPLC and CEC. The following text details his works in the field.
Affinity capillary electrophoresis for identification and investigation of human Gc‐globulin (vitamin D‐binding protein) and its isoforms interacting with G‐actin
Authors: Pedersen Jeppe Trudslev , Østergaard Jesper , Houen Gunnar , Heegaard Niels H. H. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractA CE procedure was established for the nondenaturing separation and identification of the isoforms of the actin‐binding human plasma protein Gc‐globulin. To characterize interactions with globular actin (G‐actin), a novel method was developed for the simultaneous qualitative assessment of the binding interaction between the three major isoforms of Gc‐globulin and G‐actin using pre‐equilibrium affinity CE and UV detection. Evidence was found that some difference in binding affinity existed among the isoforms, although the quantification of this difference was not feasible by UV detection because of the high affinity nature of the binding. The difference in affinity appeared to be related to the pI of the isoforms; a high pI corresponding to a high affinity. For quantitative binding studies Gc‐globulin was fluorescently labeled with 5‐(and‐6)‐carboxyfluorescein, succinimidyl ester (CFSE). Data suggested that extensive labeling interfered with actin binding but with moderately labeled Gc‐globulin it was possible to determine a dissociation constant of Kd = 21 ± 1 nM for the binding between labeled Gc‐globulin and G‐actin using pre‐equilibrium affinity CE and LIF detection.
Durability of ABPBI‐based MEAs for High Temperature PEMFCs at Different Operating Conditions
Authors: Wannek C. , Kohnen B. , Oetjen H.‐F. , Lippert H. , Mergel J. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractHigh temperature PEMFCs based on phosphoric acid‐doped ABPBI membranes have been prepared and characterised. At 160 °C and ambient pressure fuel cell power densities of 300 mW cm–2 (with hydrogen and air as reactants) and 180 mW cm–2 (with simulated diesel reformate/air) have been achieved. The durability of these membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) in the hydrogen/air mode of operation at different working conditions has been measured electrochemically and has been correlated to the cell resistivity, the phosphoric acid loss rate and the catalyst particle size. Under stationary conditions, a voltage loss of only –25 μV h–1 at a current density of 200 mA cm–2 has been deduced from a 1,000 h test. Under dynamic load changes or during start–stop cycling the degradation rate was significantly higher. Leaching of phosphoric acid from the cell was found to be very small and is not the main reason for the performance loss. Instead an important increase in the catalyst particle size was observed to occur during two long‐term experiments. At high gas flows of hydrogen and air ABPBI‐based MEAs can be operated at temperatures below 100 °C for several hours without a significant irreversible loss of cell performance and with only very little acid leaching.
Evaluation of amelioration treatments and economic aspects of using saline–sodic water for rice and wheat production on salt‐affected soils under arid land conditions
Authors: Ghafoor A. , Murtaza G. , Ahmad B. , Boers Th. M. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThis paper reports the amelioration of saline–sodic soils with gypsum and/or farm manure in a 3‐year rice–wheat rotation at three sites, using saline–sodic waters. The treatments were: (1) irrigation with saline–sodic water without amendment (control); (2) gypsum at 50% gypsum requirement of soil (G50); (3) farm manure at 25 Mg ha−1 annually before rice (FM); and (4) gypsum at 25% gypsum requirement of soil along with 25 Mg ha−1 of farm manure (G25 + FM). Soil salinity/sodicity at all sites decreased, treatment effectiveness order being G50 > G25 + FM > FM > control. Crop growth, grain yield and net benefits were found to be directly proportional to the treatment reclamation effectiveness. For economic yields of rice and wheat crops from saline–sodic soils and water, gypsum at least at 50% GR once or gypsum at 25% GR once along with 25 Mg FM ha−1 each year are required. Owing to high net benefit, G50 proved the best treatment at all the sites, the value being the highest for site 2 followed by sites 1 and 3. A high net benefit on farmers' fields with farmer participation implicitly highlighted the added advantage of farmers' skills for agronomic operations since the farmer at site 2 was more skilful. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
FTIR protein secondary structure analysis of human ascending aortic tissues
Authors: Bonnier F. , Rubin S. , Debelle L. , Ventéo L. , Pluot M. , Baehrel B. , Manfait M. , Sockalingum G. D. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThe advent of moderate dilatations in ascending aortas is often accompanied by structural modifications of the main components of the aortic tissue, elastin and collagen. In this study, we have undertaken an approach based on FTIR microscopy coupled to a curve‐fitting procedure to analyze secondary structure modifications in these proteins in human normal and pathological aortic tissues. We found that the outcome of the aortic pathology is strongly influenced by these proteins, which are abundant in the media of the aortic wall, and that the advent of an aortic dilatation is generally accompanied by a decrease of parallel β‐sheet structures. Elastin, essentially composed of β‐sheet structures, seems to be directly related to these changes and therefore indicative of the elastic alteration of the aortic wall. Conventional microscopy and confocal fluorescence microscopy were used to compare FTIR microscopy results with the organization of the elastic fibers present in the tissues. This in‐vitro study on 6 patients (three normal and three pathologic), suggests that such a spectroscopic marker, specific to aneurismal tissue characterization, could be important information for surgeons who face the dilemma of moderate aortic tissue dilatation of the ascending aortas. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Thin semitransparent gels containing phenylboronic acid: porosity, optical response and permeability for sugars
Authors: Ivanov Alexander E. , Thammakhet Chongdee , Kuzimenkova Marina V. , Thavarungkul Panote , Kanatharana Proespichaya , Mikhalovska Lyubov I. , Mikhalovsky Sergey V. , Galaev Igor Yu. , Mattiasson Bo 
Published: March 2008

AbstractRadical copolymerization of acrylamide (Am) (90 mol%) with N‐acryloyl‐m‐aminophenylboronic acid (NAAPBA) (10 mol%) carried out on the surface of glass slides in aqueous solution and in the absence of chemical cross‐linkers, resulted in the formation of thin semitransparent gels. The phenylboronic acid (PBA) ligand density was ca. 160 µmol/ml gel. The gels exhibited a macroporous structure and displayed optical response to sucrose, lactose, glucose and fructose in 50 mM sodium phosphate buffer, in the pH range from 6.5 to 7.5. The response was fairly reversible and linearly depended on glucose concentration in the wide concentration range from 1 to 60 mM at pH 7.3. The character of response was explained by the balance of two competing equilibrium processes: binding of glucose to phenylboronate anions and binary hydrophobic interactions of neutral PBA groups. The apparent diffusion coefficient of glucose in the gels was ca. 2.5 × 10−7 cm2/s. A freshly prepared gel can be used daily for at least 1 month without changes in sensitivity. Autoclaving (121°C, 1.2 bar, 10 min) allows for the gels sterilization, which is important for their use as glucose sensors in fermentation processes. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Epitope mapping of anti‐human transferrin monoclonal antibodies: potential uses for transferrin–transferrin receptor interaction studies
Authors: Perera Yasser , García Darién , Guirola Osmany , Huerta Vivian , García Yanet , Muñoz Yasmiana 
Published: March 2008

AbstractHuman transferrin (hTf) is an 80 kDa glycoprotein involved in iron transport from the absorption sites to the sites of storage and utilization. Additionally, transferrin also plays a relevant role as a bacteriostatic agent preventing uncontrolled bacterial growth in the host. In this work we describe a well‐characterized Mabs panel in terms of precise epitope localization and estimate affinity for the two major hTf isoforms. We found at least four antigenic regions in the hTf molecule, narrowed down the interacting antigen residues within three of such regions, and located them on a molecular model of hTf. Two of the antigenic regions partially overlap with previously described transferrin‐binding sites for both human receptor (antigenic region I: containing amino acid residues from Asp‐69 to Asn‐76 at the N‐lobe) and bacterial receptors from two pathogenic species (antigenic region III: amino acid residues from Leu‐665 to Ser‐672 at the C‐lobe). Hence, such monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) could be used as an additional tool for conformational studies and/or the characterization of the interaction between hTf and both types of receptor molecules. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.