bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wie nützlich sind Genexpressionsanalysen des Endometriums für die Bestimmung der endometrialen Rezeptivität in der klinischen Praxis?
Authors: Edimiris Philippos , Scheliga Iwona , Baston-Büst Dunja-Maria , Krüssel Jan-Steffen , Bielfeld Alexandra P. 
Published: April 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die Synchronisierung zwischen der Embryonalentwicklung und dem rezeptiven Zustand des Endometriums beeinflusst den Erfolg von Techniken der assistieren Reproduktion erheblich. Die endometriale Genexpressionsanalyse wurde eingeführt, um den optimalen Zeitpunkt für den Embryotransfer molekularbiologisch zu bestimmen.

Fragestellung
Verbessert eine endometriale Genexpressionsanalyse das reproduktive Ergebnis und ist die pauschale Anwendung in der klinischen Praxis gerechtfertigt?

Material und Methoden
Übersicht relevanter Publikationen zum Thema endometriale Rezeptivitätsanalyse.

Ergebnisse
Die bisher publizierten Studien zu den reproduktiven Ergebnissen eines personalisierten im Vergleich zum standardisierten Embryotransfer haben zumeist ein retrospektives Design. Unter den publizierten prospektiven Studien erwies sich eine Studie von Doyle et al. als aussagekräftig: Hier zeigte sich, dass die Anwendung eines personalisierten Embryotransfers in einem Kollektiv bestehend aus Patientinnen mit guter Prognose keine Verbesserung des reproduktiven Ergebnisses bringt. Qualitativ hochwertige Daten für die Beantwortung der Frage, ob dies auch auf ein Kollektiv mit wiederholtem Implantationsversagen zutrifft, fehlen.

Schlussfolgerung
Aufgrund der bisherigen Forschungsergebnisse muss von einer routinemäßigen Anwendung einer endometrialen Genexpressionsanalyse abgeraten werden. Möglicherweise ergibt eine für 2026 angekündigte prospektive Studie neue Evidenz, die die Anwendung bei Patientinnen mit wiederholtem Implantationsversagen zulässt.
Robust space-time finite element methods for parabolic distributed optimal control problems with energy regularization
Authors: Langer Ulrich , Steinbach Olaf , Yang Huidong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAs in our previous work (SINUM59(2):660–674, 2021) we consider space-time tracking optimal control problems for linear parabolic initial boundary value problems that are given in the space-time cylinder$$Q = \Omega \times (0,T)$$Q=Ω×(0,T), and that are controlled by the right-hand side$$z_\varrho $$zϱfrom the Bochner space$$L^2(0,T;H^{-1}(\Omega ))$$L2(0,T;H-1(Ω)). So it is natural to replace the usual$$L^2(Q)$$L2(Q)norm regularization by the energy regularization in the$$L^2(0,T;H^{-1}(\Omega ))$$L2(0,T;H-1(Ω))norm. We derive new a priori estimates for the error$$\Vert \widetilde{u}_{\varrho h} - \overline{u}\Vert _{L^2(Q)}$$‖u~ϱh-u¯‖L2(Q)between the computed state$$\widetilde{u}_{\varrho h}$$u~ϱhand the desired state$$\overline{u}$$u¯in terms of the regularization parameter$$\varrho $$ϱand the space-time finite element mesh sizeh, and depending on the regularity of the desired state$$\overline{u}$$u¯. These new estimates lead to the optimal choice$$\varrho = h^2$$ϱ=h2. The approximate state$$\widetilde{u}_{\varrho h}$$u~ϱhis computed by means of a space-time finite element method using piecewise linear and continuous basis functions on completely unstructured simplicial meshes forQ. The theoretical results are quantitatively illustrated by a series of numerical examples in two and three space dimensions. We also provide performance studies for different solvers.
Acceptability of Long-Acting Injectable Antiretroviral Therapy Among People with HIV Receiving Care at Three Ryan White Funded Clinics in the United States
Authors: Erguera Xavier A. , Koester Kimberly A. , Diaz Tsuzuki Manami , Dance Kaylin V. , Flores Rey , Kerman Jared , McNulty Moira C. , Colasanti Jonathan A. , Collins Lauren F. , Montgomery Elizabeth T. , Johnson Mallory O. , Sauceda John A. , Christopoulos Katerina A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractUnderstanding the acceptability of long-acting injectable antiretroviral therapy (LAI-ART) among people with HIV (PWH), especially priority populations, is essential for effective implementation. We conducted semi-structured interviews with patients in three Ryan White-funded HIV clinics in San Francisco, Chicago, and Atlanta. We employed maximal variation sampling across age, gender, race, ethnicity, and time living with HIV and oversampled for individuals with suboptimal clinical engagement. An 8-step hybrid deductive and inductive thematic analysis approach guided data analysis. Between August 2020 and July 2021, we conducted 72 interviews. Median age was 46 years; 28% were ciswomen, 7% transwomen, 44% Black/African-American and 35% Latinx, 43% endorsed a psychiatric diagnosis, 35% were experiencing homelessness/unstable housing, and 10% had recent substance use. Approximately 24% were sub-optimally engaged in care. We observed a spectrum of LAI-ART acceptability, ranging from enthusiasm to hesitancy to rejection. We also characterized four emergent orientations towards LAI-ART: innovator, pragmatist, deliberator, and skeptic. Overall, the majority of participants expressed favorable initial reactions towards LAI-ART. Most approached LAI-ART pragmatically, but acceptability was not static, often increasing over the course of the interview. Participants considered their HIV providers as essential for affirming personal relevance. HIV stigma, privacy concerns, and medical mistrust had varied impacts, sometimes facilitating and other times hindering personal relevance. These findings held across priority populations, specifically young adults, cis/trans women, racial/ethnic minorities, and individuals with suboptimal clinical engagement. Further research is needed to explore the transition from hypothetical acceptance to uptake and to confirm the actual benefits and drawbacks of this treatment.
Isotopic diversity and niche patterns reveal contrasting resource use among co-occurring non-native fishes within a flow-altered African river system
Authors: Mpopetsi Pule P. , Kadye Wilbert T. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractClassic and contemporary trophic ecology-based studies have shown that most non-native freshwater fish species (NNS) that integrate into novel environments have the potential to influence the recipient ecosystems’ structure and function. However, the interspecific trophic interactions amongst co-occurring NNS within invaded systems remain poorly studied. Here, we used carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) stable isotope analyses to examine general fish trophic diversity patterns (native and non-native fishes) and to explore trophic niche patterns amongst co-occurring NNS within a flow-modified river system, the Great Fish River (South Africa). The system was characterised by isotopic variation, which revealed spatial differences in trophic complexity from uninvaded headwater tributaries to invaded mainstem and downstream sections. Two of the invaded sections, the upper mainstem of the Great Fish River (UGFR) and the Koonap River, had low isotopic overlaps between NNS and the native fish assemblages. Furthermore, co-occurring NNS in these two invaded sections had variable isotopic niche sizes and low interspecific isotopic niche overlaps, suggesting the potential for trophic differentiation. By comparison, there was evidence of high resource use patterns among NNS within the lower mainstem section of the Great Fish River (LGFR), which likely reflected trophic plasticity. Overall, results of this study provided evidence of both trophic niche differentiation (UGFR and Koonap River) and niche overlap (LGFR) as probable mechanisms of co-occurrences of the non-native fishes within different invaded sections of the Great Fish River system, and underscores the difficulties associated with predicting their trophic impacts.
Moisture as key for understanding the fluorescence of lignocellulose in wood
Authors: Peters Frank B. , Rapp Andreas O. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe fluorescence behaviour of lignocellulose in Pinus sylvestris L. was studied under the influence of moisture. Fluorescence excitation-emission-matrices (EEMs) of the solid wood surfaces were recorded. Two emission peaks were identified, one attributed to lignocellulose, the other to pinosylvins. The two peaks were successfully modelled with PARAFAC2-deconvolution. Lignocellulose showed excitation-dependent emission. Its emission was quenched and blue-shifted by moisture, while pinosylvin showed none of these properties. The quenching efficiency was proportional to the moisture content (linear Stern–Volmer plot), a phenomenon first demonstrated for wood in this study. Potential mechanisms for the moisture quenching are discussed, with clustering-triggered emission best explaining most of the observed peculiarities. The strong influence of moisture on the fluorescence of pine wood suggests that carbohydrates, or interactions between carbohydrates and lignin, play an important role in lignocellulose fluorescence.
Global warming determines future increase in compound dry and hot days within wheat growing seasons worldwide
Authors: He Yan , Zhao Yanxia , Sun Shao , Fang Jiayi , Zhang Yi , Sun Qing , Liu Li , Duan Yihong , Hu Xiaokang , Shi Peijun 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCompound dry and hot extremes are proved to be the most damaging climatic stressor to wheat thereby with grave implications for food security, thus it is critical to systematically reveal their changes under unabated global warming. In this study, we comprehensively investigate the global change in compound dry and hot days (CDHD) within dynamic wheat growing seasons during 2015–2100 under 4 socio-economic scenarios (SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, SSP3-7.0 and SSP5-8.5) based on the latest downscaled Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) models. Our results demonstrate a notable increase in CDHD’s frequency ($${CDHD}_{f}$$

CDHD

f

) and severity ($${CDHD}_{s}$$

CDHD

s

) worldwide under all SSPs, such increase is sharper over southern Asia in winter wheat growing season, and southern Canada, northern America, Ukraine, Turkey and northern Kazakhstan in spring wheat growing season. As the top 10 wheat producer, India and America will suffer much more detrimental CDHD in their wheat growing season. Adopting a low forcing pathway will mitigate CDHD risks in up to 93.3% of wheat areas. Positive dependence between droughts and heats in wheat growing season is found over more than 74.2% of wheat areas, which will effectively promote the frequency and severity of CDHD. Global warming will dominate the increase of CDHD directly by increasing hot days and indirectly by enhancing potential evapotranspiration thereby aggravating droughts. This study helps to optimize adaptation strategies for mitigating CDHD risks on wheat production, and provides new insights and analysis paradigm for investigating future variations in compound extremes occurring within dynamic crops growing seasons.
Axonal protection by combination of ripasudil and brimonidine with upregulation of p-AMPK in TNF-induced optic nerve degeneration
Authors: Otsubo Mizuki , Sase Kana , Tsukahara Chihiro , Fujita Naoki , Arizono Ibuki , Tokuda Naoto , Kitaoka Yasushi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The ROCK inhibitor ripasudil hydrochloride hydrate was shown to have axonal protective effects in TNF-induced optic nerve degeneration. The α2-adrenoreceptor agonist brimonidine was also shown to exert axonal protection. The current study aimed to elucidate whether additive axonal protection was achieved by the simultaneous injection of ripasudil and brimonidine and examine the association with AMPK activation.

Methods
Intravitreal administration was performed in the following groups: PBS, TNF, or TNF with ripasudil, with brimonidine, or with a combination of ripasudil and brimonidine. Axon numbers were counted to evaluate the effects against axon loss. Immunoblot analysis was performed to examine phosphorylated AMPK expression in optic nerves, and immunohistochemical analysis was performed to evaluate the expression levels of p-AMPK and neurofilament in the optic nerve.

Results
Both ripasudil alone or brimonidine alone resulted in significant neuroprotection against TNF-induced axon loss. The combination of ripasudil and brimonidine showed additive protective effects. Combined ripasudil and brimonidine plus TNF significantly upregulated p-AMPK levels in the optic nerve compared with the TNF groups. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that p-AMPK is present in axons and enhanced by combination therapy.

Conclusion
The combination of ripasudil and brimonidine may have additive protective effects compared with single-agent treatment alone. These protective effects may be at least partially associated with AMPK activation.
Potential of bacterial cellulose for sustainable fashion and textile applications: A review
Authors: Nayak Rajkishore , Cleveland Donna , Tran Giang , Joseph Frances 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe fashion and textile manufacturing sectors are increasingly focusing on innovative raw materials that are renewable and biodegradable. Such materials not only mitigate environmental impacts but also prevent resource depletion. Bacterial cellulose (BC) has emerged as a prime candidate, derivable from a variety of natural ingredients such as tea and coffee in addition to a sugar source in presence of the bacterial microorganisms. Numerous studies have established the potential of BC in future fashion, and some brands have already started to utilise BC as a sustainable raw material. The applications of BC ranges from basic clothing and accessories to wearable electronics. This paper discusses the scope of BC in fashion and textiles, positioning it as a sustainable alternative to conventional materials. We present a comprehensive scoping review, covering the unique properties of BC, the factors influencing its production, and its applications in textile, clothing, and footwear over the past decade. The advantages of BC in fashion are manifold: zero-waste manufacturing, reliance on renewable sources, diminished environmental pollution, and biodegradability. Furthermore, the use of BC aligns with United Nations Sustainable Development Goals 6, 7, 12, 13 and 15. However, there exist challenges pertaining to production costs, scalability, and quality, in addition to the imperative of harnessing food waste streams instead of contending for human food resources. Addressing these challenges is vital to cement BC’s position as a pivotal sustainable material in future fashion.
Omenn Syndrome in Two Infants with Different Hypomorphic Variants in Janus Kinase 3
Authors: Tsilifis Christo , Spegarova Jarmila Stremenova , Good Ross , Griffin Helen , Engelhardt Karin R. , Graham Sophie , Hughes Stephen , Arkwright Peter D. , Hambleton Sophie , Gennery Andrew R. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBiallelic null or hypomorphic variants in JAK3 cause SCID and less frequently Omenn syndrome. We investigated homozygous hypomorphic JAK3 mutations in two patients, and expression and function of a novel JAK3R431P variant in Omenn syndrome. Immunophenotyping of PBMC from the patient with the novel JAK3R431P variant was undertaken, by flow cytometry and Phosflow after stimulation with IL-2, IL-7, and IL-15. JAK3 expression was investigated by Western blotting. We report two patients with homozygous hypomorphic JAK3 variants and clinical features of Omenn syndrome. One patient had a previously described JAK3R775H variant, and the second had a novel JAK3R431P variant. One patient with a novel JAK3R431P variant had normal expression of JAK3 in immortalised EBV-LCL cells but reduced phosphorylation of STAT5 after stimulation with IL-2, IL-7, and IL-15 consistent with impaired kinase activity. These results suggest the JAK3R431P variant to be hypomorphic. Both patients are alive and well after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. They have full donor chimerism, restitution of thymopoiesis and development of appropriate antibody responses following vaccination. We expand the phenotype of hypomorphic JAK3 deficiency and demonstrate the importance of functional testing of novel variants in disease-causing genes.
SingDistVis: interactive Overview+Detail visualization for F0 trajectories of numerous singers singing the same song
Authors: Itoh Takayuki , Nakano Tomoyasu , Fukayama Satoru , Hamasaki Masahiro , Goto Masataka 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This paper describes SingDistVis, an information visualization technique for fundamental frequency (F0) trajectories of large-scale singing data where numerous singers sing the same song. SingDistVis allows to explore F0 trajectories interactively by combining two views: OverallView and DetailedView. OverallView visualizes a distribution of the F0 trajectories of the song in a time-frequency heatmap. When a user specifies an interesting part, DetailedView zooms in on the specified part and visualizes singing assessment (rating) results. Here, it displays high-rated singings in red and low-rated singings in blue. When the user clicks on a particular singing, the audio source is played and its F0 trajectory through the song is displayed in OverallView. We selected heatmap-based visualization for OverallView to provide an overview of a large-scale F0 dataset, and polyline-based visualization for DetailedView to provide a more precise representation of a small number of particular F0 trajectories. This paper introduces a subjective experiment using 1,000 singing voices to determine suitable visualization parameters. Then, this paper presents user evaluations where we asked participants to compare visualization results of four types of Overview+Detail designs and concluded that the presented design archived better evaluations than other designs in all the seven questions. Finally, this paper describes a user experiment in which eight participants compare SingDistVis with a baseline implementation in exploring interested singing voices and concludes that the proposed SingDistVis archived better evaluations in nine of the questions.
Image de-photobombing benchmark
Authors: Patel Vatsa S. , Agrawal Kunal , Baraheem Samah S. , Yousif Amira , Nguyen Tam V. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRemoving photobombing elements from images is a challenging task that requires sophisticated image inpainting techniques. Despite the availability of various methods, their effectiveness depends on the complexity of the image and the nature of the distracting element. To address this issue, we conducted a benchmark study to evaluate 10 state-of-the-art photobombing removal methods on a dataset of over 300 images. Our study focused on identifying the most effective image inpainting techniques for removing unwanted regions from images. We annotated the photobombed regions that require removal and evaluated the performance of each method using peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), structural similarity index (SSIM), and Fréchet inception distance (FID). The results show that image inpainting techniques can effectively remove photobombing elements, but more robust and accurate methods are needed to handle various image complexities. Our benchmarking study provides a valuable resource for researchers and practitioners to select the most suitable method for their specific photobombing removal task.
Biomonitoring of lead in blood of children living in a former mining area in Lower Saxony, Germany
Authors: Strieker Sonja , Radon Katja , Forster Felix , Örnek Özlem Köseoglu , Wengenroth Laura , Schmotz Walter , Sonnemann Finn , Hoopmann Michael , Hepp Martin , Nowak Dennis , Weinmann Tobias , Rakete Stefan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractEnvironmental exposure to lead substantially decreased over the past decades. However, soil of former mining areas still contains high lead levels. We therefore performed a biomonitoring study among children living in two former mining communities in Lower Saxony, Germany. In these communities, soil contains lead levels of 1000 to 30,000 mg/kg. Overall, 75 children (6–10 years of age) attending the two primary schools of the study area took part in the study. Parents completed a short questionnaire on sociodemographics, and children provided capillary whole blood samples. We analysed lead using inductively coupled plasma tandem mass spectrometer. We compared the results to current German (20 μg/l for boys, 15 μg/l for girls) and US (35 μg/l) reference values. Potential associations between questionnaire information and lead results were tested using lead as continuous outcome and using lead dichotomized at the reference values. Finally, we analysed spatial patterns of elevated biomonitoring results. Of all children, 48% exceeded the German reference values for lead (5% expected) and 8% the US reference value (2.5% expected). Children 6–8 years of age were more likely to exceed German reference values (63%) than 9–10 year old children were (32%; pFisher = 0.01). No other questionnaire information was statistically significantly associated with biomonitoring results. Additionally, we did not find any indication of spatial clustering. In conclusion, we observed elevated blood lead levels in primary school children living in a former mining area. In the next step, exposure pathways need to be identified to implement effective public health measures.
Selective load control of lumbar muscles in robot-assisted isometric lumbar stabilization exercise
Authors: Kim Joowan , Choi Wonje , Park Jaeheung 
Published: April 2024

AbstractLumbar stabilization exercises are commonly employed in the rehabilitation of patients with low back pain. However, many patients discontinue these exercises, generally calisthenics using various postures or tools, due to the difficulty of providing an appropriate exercise load intensity. This challenge results in an inability to apply the desired strength to the target lumbar muscles and sometimes leads to an excessive load on unintended areas during calisthenics. Consequently, a method that enables patients to exercise continuously and progressively recover is required, specifically one that can target the lumbar muscles with a desired load. To address this issue, we propose a rehabilitation assistive device that quantitatively controls the lumbar spine load. In isometric lumbar stabilization exercises, our method involves precise compensation for gravity. The device, equipped with a series elastic actuator, is positioned beneath the patient in a lying posture. It applies an assistive force in the direction opposite to gravity, enabling precise control of the load on the lumbar region and reducing the vertical load on the spine. To validate the effectiveness of our proposed method, we conducted experiments with 20 healthy subjects across three exercises and analyzed the electromyography signal using nonparametric statistical methods. Our objective was to determine whether the load on the target lumbar muscles could be precisely and gradually controlled. The statistical results indicate that exercises performed using the proposed device produce statistically significant load changes in the target lumbar muscles.