bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
L-lysine Increases the Anticancer Effect of Doxorubicin in Breast Cancer by Inducing ROS-dependent Autophagy
Authors: Jahani Mozhgan , Yarani Reza , Rezazadeh Davood , Tahmasebi Hadis , Hoseinkhani Zohreh , Kiani Sara , Mansouri Kamran 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Doxorubicin (DOX) is a chemotherapy drug that is widely used in cancer
therapy, especially in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) patients. Nevertheless, cytoprotective
autophagy induction by DOX limits its cytotoxic effect and drug resistance induction in patients.
Therefore, finding a new way is essential for increasing the effectiveness of this drug for
cancer treatment.

Objective:
This study aimed to investigate the effect of L-lysine on DOX cytotoxicity, probably
through autophagy modulation in TNBC cell lines.

Methods:
We used two TNBC cell lines, MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468, with various levels
of autophagy activity. Cell viability after treatment with L-lysine alone and in combination therapy
was evaluated by MTT assay. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO) concentration,
and arginase activity were assessed using flow cytometric analysis, Griess reaction, and arginase
activity assay kit, respectively. Real-time PCR and western blot analysis were used to evaluate
the L-lysine effect on the autophagy-related genes and protein expression. Cell cycle profile
and apoptotic assay were performed using flow cytometric analysis.

Results:
The obtained data indicated that L-lysine in both concentrations of 24 and 32 mM increased
the autophagy flux and enhanced the DOX cytotoxicity, especially in MDA-MB-231,
which demonstrated higher autophagy activity than MDA-MB-468, by inducing ROS and NO production.
Furthermore, L-lysine induced G2/M arrest autophagy cell death, while significant apoptotic
changes were not observed.

Conclusion:
These findings suggest that L-lysine can increase DOX cytotoxicity through autophagy
modulation. Thus, L-lysine, in combination with DOX, may facilitate the development of novel
adjunct therapy for cancer.
Noncoding RNAs in Alzheimer’s Disease: Overview of Functional and
Therapeutic Significance
Authors: Adiga Divya , Eswaran Sangavi , Srinath Sriharikrishnaa , Khan Nadeem G. , Kumar Dileep , Kabekkodu Shama P. 
Published: April 2024

:
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a multifactorial disorder resulting from the complex interaction
between genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. It represents an impending epidemic
and lacks effective pharmacological interventions. The emergence of high throughput sequencing
techniques and comprehensive genome evaluation has uncovered a diverse spectrum of noncoding
RNA (ncRNA) families. ncRNAs are the critical modulators of an eclectic array of biological
processes and are now transpiring as imperative players in diagnosing and treating various diseases,
including neurodegenerative disorders. Several ncRNAs are explicitly augmented in the
brain, wherein they potentially regulate cognitive abilities and other functions of the central nervous
system. Growing evidence suggests the substantial role of ncRNAs as modulators of tau
phosphorylation, Aβ production, neuroinflammation, and neuronal survival. It indicates their therapeutic
relevance as a biomarker and druggable targets against AD. The current review summarizes
the existing literature on the functional significance of ncRNAs in AD pathogenesis and its imminent
implications in clinics.
COVID-19 Beyond the Lungs: Neuropsychiatric Symptoms and EEG Correlations
Authors: Attardi Anna Gaia , Ceraolo Graziana , Galletta Federica , Maimone Maria Grazia , Amore Greta 
Published: April 2024

:
COVID-19, previously considered a mere respiratory illness affecting predominantly
the adult age, is today acknowledged as the cause of a wide spectrum of multisystemic signs and
symptoms, ranging from mild to severe degrees, including neurological manifestations. Even if
less frequently than adults, pediatric patients may also develop severe COVID-19 and present
with peculiar clinical pictures, including multi-system inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) and neuropsychiatric
manifestations. Mounting evidence is available on the potential pathogenic mechanisms
underpinning the nervous system involvement and on the Post-COVID19 sequelae. However,
little is known about EEG changes that may come along with them, particularly in the pediatric
age. Herein, we briefly overview the neuropsychiatric COVID-19-related features in pediatric
patients and the reported potential EEG correlates. Further research may help unravel new insights
and provide new biomarkers regarding diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment options for post--
COVID-19 neuro-cognitive disorders.
Gait Analysis of Knee Joint Walking Based on Image Processing
Authors: Wang Shuai , Zhou Jihe 
Published: April 2024

Background::
With the in-depth development of assistive treatment devices, the application of artificial knee joints in the rehabilitation of amputees is becoming
increasingly mature. The length of residual limbs and muscle strength of patients have individual differences, and the current artificial knee joint
lacks certain adaptability in the personalized rehabilitation of patients.

Purpose::
In order to deeply analyze the impact of different types of artificial knee joints on the walking function of unilateral thigh amputees, improve the
performance of artificial knee joints, and enhance the rehabilitation effect of patients, this article combines image processing technology to conduct
in-depth research on the walking gait analysis of different artificial knee joints of unilateral thigh amputees.

Methods::
This article divides patients into two groups: the experimental group consists of patients with single leg amputation, and the control group consists
of patients with different prostheses. An image processing system is constructed using universal video and computer hardware, and relevant
technologies are used to recognize and track landmarks; Furthermore, image processing technology was used to analyze the gait of different groups
of patients. Finally, by analyzing the different psychological reactions of amputees, corresponding treatment plans were developed.

Results::
Different prostheses worn by amputees have brought varying degrees of convenience to life to a certain extent. The walking stability of wearing
hydraulic single axis prosthetic joints is only 79%, and the gait elegance is relatively low. The walking stability of wearing intelligent artificial
joints is as high as 96%. Elegant gait is basically in good condition.

Conclusion::
Image processing technology helps doctors and rehabilitation practitioners better understand the gait characteristics and rehabilitation progress of
patients wearing different artificial knee joints, providing objective basis for personalized rehabilitation of patients
Improving Breast Cancer Detection with Convolutional Neural Networks and
Modified ResNet Architecture
Authors: Nouri Pour Javad , Pourmina Mohammad Ali , Moghaddasi Mohammad Naser 
Published: April 2024

Background::
The pathogenesis of breast cancer is characterized by dysregulated cell proliferation, leading to the formation of a neoplastic mass. Conventional
methodologies for analyzing carcinomatous distal areas within whole-slide images (WSIs) tissue regions may lack comprehensive insights.

Purpose::
This study aims to introduce an innovative methodology based on convolutional neural networks (CNN), specifically employing a CNN Modified
ResNet architecture for breast cancer detection. The research seeks to address the limitations of existing approaches and provide a robust solution
for the comprehensive analysis of tissue regions.

Methods::
The dataset utilized in this study comprises approximately 275,000 RGB image patches, each standardized at 50x50 pixels. The CNN Modified
ResNet architecture is implemented, and a comparative evaluation against diverse architectures is conducted. Rigorous validation tests employing
established performance metrics are carried out to assess the proposed methodology.

Results::
The proposed architecture achieves a notable 89% accuracy in breast cancer detection, surpassing alternative methods by 2%. The results signify
the efficacy and superiority of the CNN Modified ResNet model in analyzing carcinomatous distal areas within WSIs tissue regions.

Conclusion::
In conclusion, this study demonstrates the potential of the CNN Modified ResNet architecture as an effective tool for breast cancer detection. The
enhanced accuracy and comprehensive analysis capabilities make it a promising approach for advancing the understanding of neoplastic masses in
WSIs tissue regions. Further research and validation could solidify its role in clinical applications and diagnostic procedures.
Antimicrobial Potential of Polyphenols: An Update on Alternative for
Combating Antimicrobial Resistance
Authors: Sharma Alok , Anurag  , Kaur Jasleen , Kesharwani Anuradha , Parihar Vipan Kumar 
Published: April 2024

Abstract:
The last decade has encountered an increasing demand for plant-based natural antibiotics.
This demand has led to more research-based investigations for natural sources of antimicrobial
agents and published reports demonstrating that plant extracts are widely applied in modern medicine,
reporting potential activity that may be due to polyphenol compounds. Interestingly, the effects
of polyphenols on the sensitivity of bacteria to antibiotics have not been well-studied. Hence,
the current review encompasses the prospective application of plant-based phenolic extracts from
plants of Indian origin. The emergence of resistance to antimicrobial agents has increased the inefficacy
of many antimicrobial drugs. Several strategies have been developed in recent times to overcome
this issue. A combination of antimicrobial agents is employed for the failing antibiotics,
which restores the desirable effect but may have toxicity-related issues. Phytochemicals such as
some polyphenols have demonstrated their potent activity as antimicrobial agents of natural origin
to work against resistance issues. These agents alone or in combination with certain antibiotics have
been shown to enhance the antimicrobial activity against a spectrum of microbes. However, the
information regarding the mechanisms and structure-activity relationships remains elusive. The
present review also focuses on the possible mechanisms of natural compounds based on their structure-
activity relationships for incorporating polyphenolic compounds in the drug-development processes.
Besides this work, polyphenols could reduce drug dosage and may diminish the unhidden or
hidden side effects of antibiotics. Pre-clinical findings have provided strong evidence that polyphenolic
compounds, individually and in combination with already approved antibiotics, work well
against the development of resistance. However, more studies must focus on in vivo results, and
clinical research needs to specify the importance of polyphenol-based antibacterials in clinical trials.
UV-Visible Spectroscopy: A Review on its Pharmaceutical and Bio-allied
Sciences Applications
Authors: Singhal Abhinav , Saini Urvashi , Chopra Bhawna , Dhingra Ashwani K. , Jain Akash , Chaudhary Jasmine 
Published: April 2024

Abstract:
Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy has emerged as a powerful analytical tool
with diverse applications in pharmaceutical and bio-allied sciences. This article provides a comprehensive
overview of the extensive utility of UV-Vis spectroscopy, emphasizing its pivotal role in
characterizing and analyzing various compounds critical for drug development and bio-allied research.
In the pharmaceutical sector, UV-Vis spectroscopy is a fundamental technique for quantifying
the concentrations of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) in formulations. Its non-destructive
nature and high sensitivity make it an indispensable tool for quality control, ensuring the
consistency and potency of pharmaceutical products. Furthermore, this technique has been employed
in the study of drug-receptor interactions to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying
therapeutic effects. In bio-allied applications, UV-Vis spectroscopy is used to analyze biomolecules
like proteins, nucleic acids, and enzymes. This technique allows for the study of protein
conformational changes, DNA structure, and enzymatic activity, offering crucial insights into fundamental
biological processes. Additionally, UV-Vis spectroscopy aids in determining biomarker
concentrations, assisting in the early diagnosis and monitoring of various diseases. This article also
explores recent advancements in UV-Vis spectroscopy, including the integration of nanomaterials
and computational approaches to enhance sensitivity and selectivity. Moreover, it discusses
the potential of UV-Vis spectroscopy in emerging areas such as personalized medicine and point-
of-care diagnostics. As technology continues to evolve, UV-Visible spectroscopy is poised to significantly
contribute to the ever-expanding landscape of pharmaceutical and bio-related research.
An Effective Method to Identify Cooperation Driver Gene Sets
Authors: Zhang Wei , Zeng Yifu , Zhao Bihai , Xiong Jie , Zhu Tuanfei , Wang Jingjing , Li Guiji , Wang Lei 
Published: April 2024

Background:
In cancer genomics research, identifying driver genes is a challenging
task. Detecting cancer-driver genes can further our understanding of cancer risk factors and promote
the development of personalized treatments. Gene mutations show mutual exclusivity and cooccur,
and most of the existing methods focus on identifying driver pathways or driver gene sets
through the study of mutual exclusivity, that is functionally redundant gene sets. Moreover, less research
on cooperation genes with co-occurring mutations has been conducted.

Objective:
We propose an effective method that combines the two characteristics of genes, cooccurring
mutations and the coordinated regulation of proliferation genes, to explore cooperation
driver genes.

Methods:
This study is divided into three stages: (1) constructing a binary gene mutation matrix;
(2) combining mutation co-occurrence characteristics to identify the candidate cooperation gene
sets; and (3) constructing a gene regulation network to screen the cooperation gene sets that perform
synergistically regulating proliferation.

Results:
The method performance is evaluated on three TCGA cancer datasets, and the experiments
showed that it can detect effective cooperation driver gene sets. In further investigations, it
was determined that the discovered set of co-driver genes could be used to generate prognostic
classifications, which could be biologically significant and provide complementary information to
the cancer genome.

Conclusion:
Our approach is effective in identifying sets of cancer cooperation driver genes, and
the results can be used as clinical markers to stratify patients.
Gastrodin Attenuates Colitis and Prevents Tumorigenesis in Mice by Interrupting
TLR4/MD2/NF-κB Signaling Transduction
Authors: Yu Zhilun , Yue Bei , Gao Ruiyang , Zhang Beibei , Geng Xiaolong , Lv Cheng , Wang Hao , Wang Ziyi , Wang Zhengtao , Dou Wei 
Published: April 2024

Introduction::
Chronic inflammation is one of the causative factors for tumorigenesis. Gastrodin is a
main active ingredient isolated from Gastrodia elata Blume, a famous medicinal herb with a long edible history.

Aim::
This study aimed to explore the effects of gastrodin on colitis-associated carcinogenesis (CRC) in mice and
to elucidate its potential molecular mechanisms.

Methods::
Balb/c mice were induced with azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) for 12 weeks.
Gastrodin (50 mg/kg) was administered via oral gavage three times per week until the end of the experiment.
Disease indexes, including body weight, bloody diarrhea, colon length, histopathological score, and tumor size,
were measured. Tumor cell proliferation was evaluated by BrdU incorporation assay and tumor cell cytotoxicity
was assessed by cell counting kit (CCK-8). The expression levels of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor
kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling molecules, NF-κB luciferase, and pro-inflammatory cytokines were determined by
real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), immunoblotting, immunohistochemistry
(IHC), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), or reporter gene assays. The binding affinity between
gastrodin and myeloid differentiation protein-2 (MD2) was analyzed by molecular docking and cellular thermal
shift assay (CETSA).

Results::
Gastrodin administration was demonstrated to mitigate various CRC-related symptoms in mice, including
weight loss, diarrhea, and tissue abnormalities. Notably, gastrodin suppressed tumor cell growth during colitis-
associated tumorigenesis, resulting in fewer and smaller adenomas in the colon. Unlike irinotecan, a broadspectrum
antitumor drug, gastrodin did not exhibit apparent cytotoxicity in various colorectal adenocarcinoma
cell lines. Additionally, gastrodin downregulated TLR4/NF-κB signaling molecules and pro-inflammatory mediators
in mice and macrophages. Molecular docking and CETSA experiments suggested that gastrodin binds to the
MD2 protein, potentially interfering with the recognition of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) by TLR4, leading to NF-κB
pathway inhibition.

Conclusion::
This study provides evidence for the first time that gastrodin attenuated colitis and prevented colitisrelated
carcinogenesis in mice, at least partially, by diminishing tumor-promoting cytokines through the interruption
of TLR4/MD2/NF-κB signaling transduction.
Effects of Dietary Restriction on PGC-1α Regulation in the Development
of Age-associated Diseases
Authors: Widjaja Shefilyn , Antarianto Radiana Dhewayani , Hardiany Novi Silvia 
Published: April 2024

:
Ageing is the most significant risk factor for a number of non-communicable diseases,
manifesting as cognitive, metabolic, and cardiovascular diseases. Although multifactorial, mitochondrial
dysfunction and oxidative stress have been proposed to be the driving forces of ageing.
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator α (PGC-1α) is a transcriptional coactivator
central to various metabolic functions, of which mitochondrial biogenesis is the most prominent
function. Inducible by various stimuli, including nutrient limitations, PGC-1α is a molecule
of interest in the maintenance of mitochondrial function and, therefore, the prevention of degenerative
diseases. This review involves a literature search for articles retrieved from PubMed using
PGC-1α, ageing, and dietary restriction as keywords. Dietary restriction has been shown to promote
tissue-specific PGC-1α expression. Both dietary restriction and PGC-1α upregulation have
been shown to prolong the lifespans of both lower and higher-level organisms; the incidence of
non-communicable diseases also decreased in fasting mammals. In conclusion, dietary interventions
may delay ageing by regulating healthy mitochondria in various organs, presenting the possibility
of a new primary prevention for many age-related diseases.
Green Synthesis of Au-Ni Bimetallic Nanoparticles using Aqueous Extract of Coccinia grandis (L.) Voigt and their Catalytic Activity in Oxidation of Alcohols
Authors: Hazarika Munmi , Das Pankaj , Puzari Amlan 
Published: April 2024

Background:
In recent years, bimetallic nanoparticles have gained remarkable attention due to their excellent physical and chemical properties. Especially, bimetallic nanoparticles are found to be highly efficient as catalysts in many important organic transformations.

Objective:
The objective of the present work involves green synthesis of Au-Ni bimetallic nano-particles using plant extract as the bio-reductant and to evaluate their catalytic efficiency in oxidation of alcohols.

Methods:
The experiment involves a simple and eco-friendly protocol for synthesis of Au-Ni bi-metallic as well as their corresponding monometallic nanoparticles that involves the use of aqueous fruit seed extract of Coccinia grandis(L.) Voigt as the bio-reductant and tannic acid as the bio-stabilizer. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by using XRD, TEM, FTIR, TGA etc., and their catalytic activity was evaluated for oxidation of alcohols.

Results:
The synthesized bimetallic nanoparticles have shown excellent catalytic activity towards aqueous phase oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes under ambient reaction conditions. Further-more, the results have revealed better effective performance of the bimetallic nanoparticles over the corresponding monometallic nanoparticles of gold and nickel, establishing the synergic influence of the two metals. Another attractive feature of this work is that the Au-Ni bimetallic nano-particles could be recycled and reused up to four catalytic cycles without any significant decline in product yield.

Conclusion:
The green synthesized bimetallic Au-Ni nanoparticles have shown excellent catalyt-ic activity toward the oxidation of alcohols in aqueous media under ambient reaction conditions. In addition, the nanoparticles are found to be successfully recyclable upto four catalytic cycles.
Optimal Design and Simulation Analysis of Phase Change Material Composite Self-Insulating Block in a Typical Cold Region City of China in Summer
Authors: Dong Xue 
Published: April 2024

Background::
Incorporating PCMs (Phase Change Materials) into the building envelope
can achieve the purpose of regulating heat transfer and enhancing indoor comfort. In recent years,
lots of patents for new phase change concretes have been proposed and applied to the envelope.

Objective::
This study aimed to explore the optimum phase change temperature and installation position
of PCM by optimizing different concrete blocks to improve the thermal behavior of concrete
compound self-insulating blocks.

Methods::
Firstly, based on the existing patents, five new types of phase change self-insulating
blocks were proposed. The thermal insulation performance of different blocks was tested using
ANSYS simulation. Then, the feasibility of using EnergyPlus to simulate the thermal environment
of the room was verified by taking a summer south-facing room in Hohhot City as a research object.
Finally, 13 phase-change block types containing 4 phase-change temperatures and 3 PCM installation
locations were designed for further testing.

Results::
A three-row staggered perforated block was selected, and the heat transmission coefficient
of the masonry wall was 0.437 W/(m2·K). The optimal phase change temperatures of outdoor, medium-
temperature, high-temperature, and low-temperature periods in summer, were 24.0oC, 30.0oC,
and 28.0oC, respectively. The optimal phase change temperature in the whole summer was 26.0~
28.0oC, and the best phase transition layer location was the inner hole of the block.

Conclusion::
The PCM mounting position has a greater effect on room temperature than the PCM
phase change temperature. The study results are of great significance for stabilizing room temperature
and building energy conservation.
Solvent-Free Synthesis of Bioactive Heterocycles
Authors: Bajpai Sangeeta , Kamboj Monika , Singh Surabhi , Yadav Monika , Banik Bimal Krishna 
Published: April 2024

:
The main emphasis of green chemistry is to reduce environmental pollution. Its main goal is to adopt a cost-effective and harmless strategy for human health and the environment. The green synthetic routes have succeeded in adopting solvent-free conditions as an effective tool for sustainability. Heterocycles are organic compounds that are widely distributed by nature. Many of them possess medicinal and pharmacological properties, as this heterocyclic moiety is found in many drugs. The solvent-free strategies for the Synthesis of bioactive heterocycles are, now-adays, regarded as an important objective. Solvent-free reactions are eco-friendly, cost-effective, and an environmentally benign route in organic transformation methods because of their effi-ciency, reduced reaction time, and high yields, thereby saving energy. This mini-review focuses on the environmentally benign solvent-free Synthesis of heterocycles and their potential pharma-cological applications.