bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Repetitive head injuries in German American football players do not change blood-based biomarker candidates for CTE during a single season
Authors: Bastgen Theres , Evers Janis , Oedekoven Christiane , Weide Caroline , Herzog Lars , Ashton Nicholas , Zetterberg Henrik , Blennow Kaj , Albus Alexandra , Vidovic Natasha , Kraff Oliver , Deuschl Cornelius , Dodel Richard , Ross J. Alexander 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Repetitive traumatic brain injuries in American football players (AFPs) can lead to the neurodegenerative disease chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). Clinical symptoms of CTE range from mood and behavioral changes to cognitive impairment, depression, and suicidality. So far, CTE cannot be diagnosed in vivo and thus specific diagnostic parameters for CTE need to be found, to observe and treat exposed athletes as early as possible. Promising blood-based biomarkers for CTE include total tau (tTau), hyperphosphorylated tau (pTau), neurofilament light protein (NF-L), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), amyloid-β40 (Aβ40), amyloid-β42 (Aβ42) and calcium-binding protein B (S100-B). Previous studies have found elevated levels of these biomarkers in subjects exposed to TBIs, whereas cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of Aβ40 and Aβ42 were decreased in CTE subjects. Here, we investigated whether young AFPs already exhibit changes of these biomarker candidates during the course of a single active season.

Methods
Blood samples were drawn from n = 18 American Football Players before and after a full season and n = 18 male age-matched control subjects. The plasma titers of tTau, pTau, NF-L, GFAP, Aβ40, Aβ42 and S100-B were determined. Additionally, Apathy, Depression, and Health status as well as the concussion history and medical care were assessed and analyzed for correlations.

Results
Here we show, that the selected biomarker candidates for CTE do not change significantly during the seven-month period of a single active season of American Football in blood samples of AFPs compared to healthy controls. But interestingly, they exhibit generally elevated pTau titers. Furthermore, we found correlations of depression, quality-of-life, career length, training participation and training continuation with headache after concussion with various titers.

Conclusion
Our data indicates, that changes of CTE marker candidates either occur slowly over several active seasons of American Football or are exclusively found in CSF. Nevertheless, our results underline the importance of a long-term assessment of these biomarker candidates, which might be possible through repeated blood biomarker monitoring in exposed athletes in the future.
Myelodysplastic Syndromes and Myelodysplastic Syndromes/Myeloproliferative Neoplasms: A Real-World Experience From a Developing Country
Authors: Awidi Abdalla , Alzu'bi Marah , Odeh Nada , Alrawabdeh Jawad , Al Zyoud Muntaser , Hamadneh Yazan , Bawa'neh Hisham , Magableh Ahmad , Alshorman Alaa , Al-Fararjeh Feras , Aladily Tariq , Zeidan Amer M. 
Published: February 2024

PURPOSE Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) include a heterogeneous group of clonal bone marrow disorders characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis. They manifest as dysplasia in bone marrow hemopoietic elements associated with peripheral cytopenias with variable risk of AML transformation. PATIENTS AND METHODS We analyzed retrospectively registry data collected prospectively from patients with primary MDS and patients with MDS/myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) in the Jordan University Hospital between January 2007 and September 2021. The registry captured epidemiologic information such as date of diagnosis, age, gender, date of AML transformation, cytogenetics, MDS subtype, risk group according to Revised International Prognostic Scoring System, and survival. The registry also captured baseline ferritin, B12, and lactate dehydrogenase levels. RESULTS A total of 112 patients with MDS and MDS/MPN were included in the registry. Median age at diagnosis was 59 years. The male-to-female ratio was about 1.2. In a multivariate cox regression model, baseline serum ferritin significantly affected survival as patients with levels exceeding 1,000 μg/L had a risk of death three times higher compared with those with <1,000 μg/L levels ( P < .05). CONCLUSION To our knowledge, our study is the first comprehensive study examining the epidemiology and prognostic factors in patients with MDS and patients with MDS/MPN in Jordan. Our results show that MDS and MDS/MPN epidemiology in Jordan is different compared with Western countries. Our results also show that baseline serum ferritin levels can be used as a prognostic marker for patients with MDS.
Final Results From the Randomized Phase III ASCENT Clinical Trial in Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer and Association of Outcomes by Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 and Trophoblast Cell Surface Antigen 2 Expression
Authors: Bardia Aditya , Rugo Hope S. , Tolaney Sara M. , Loirat Delphine , Punie Kevin , Oliveira Mafalda , Brufsky Adam , Kalinsky Kevin , Cortés Javier , Shaughnessy Joyce O' , Diéras Véronique , Carey Lisa A. , Gianni Luca , Piccart-Gebhart Martine , Loibl Sibylle , Yoon Oh Kyu , Pan Yang , Hofsess Scott , Phan See-Chun , Hurvitz Sara A. 
Published: February 2024

Clinical trials frequently include multiple end points that mature at different times. The initial report, typically based on the primary end point, may be published when key planned co-primary or secondary analyses are not yet available. Clinical Trial Updates provide an opportunity to disseminate additional results from studies, published in JCO or elsewhere, for which the primary end point has already been reported. Sacituzumab govitecan (SG), a first-in-class anti–trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 (Trop-2) antibody-drug conjugate, demonstrated superior efficacy over single-agent chemotherapy (treatment of physician's choice [TPC]) in patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC) in the international, multicenter, phase III ASCENT study. Patients were randomly assigned 1:1 to receive SG or TPC until unacceptable toxicity/progression. Final efficacy secondary end point analyses and post hoc analyses of outcomes stratified by Trop-2 expression and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 status are reported. Updated safety analyses are provided. In this final analysis, SG (n = 267) improved median progression-free survival (PFS; 4.8 v 1.7 months; hazard ratio (HR), 0.41 [95% CI, 0.33 to 0.52]) and median overall survival (OS; 11.8 v 6.9 months; HR, 0.51 [95% CI, 0.42 to 0.63]) over TPC (n = 262). SG improved PFS over TPC in each Trop-2 expression quartile (n = 168); a trend was observed for improved OS across quartiles. Overall, SG had a manageable safety profile, with ≤5% of treatment-related discontinuations because of adverse events and no treatment-related deaths. The safety profile was consistent across all subgroups. These data confirm the clinical benefit of SG over chemotherapy, reinforcing SG as an effective treatment option in patients with mTNBC in the second line or later.
Plugged into the Good Life: Living Electrically through the Ages in Urban Vietnam
Authors: Endres Kirsten W. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWith Vietnam's countrywide electrification rate approaching 100 percent, electricity has become ever more indispensable and essential to the quality of everyday life. The steady upsurge in household electricity consumption over the past years has been driven by a growing technification of the domestic sphere. Modern households are increasingly equipped with a variety of electric appliances that not only provide convenience and comfort but also serve as markers of social distinction. This essay explores the history of domestic electrification and people's aspirations to live electrically in urban Vietnam, from the colonial era until today. Inspired by recent advances in the anthropology of electricity, it investigates the meanings that people have attributed to electric home appliances through the ages and asks if, how, and why some of these have come to define what it means to live a good life. In the current era, however, living electrically has also come to reflect a global sense of “cruel optimism” in which people become increasingly attached to certain understandings of what constitutes a good life that are unsustainable in the long run, and detrimental to their well-being.
The Good Life as the Green Life: Digital Environmentalism and Ecological Consciousness in China
Authors: Bruckermann Charlotte 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFaced with environmental degradation and atmospheric pollution, Chinese citizens increasingly envision the good life as a green life. Yet in cities and the countryside, understandings of environmental hardship and ecological redress diverge and at times even contradict each other. Nonetheless, promises of a greener future mobilize shared notions of cooperation in exchanges of work and support between urbanites and their rural counterparts. Situated between socialist sacrifice, market service, and digital technologies, these reciprocal environmental engagements challenge historical narratives of a smooth transition from the Maoist collective-oriented and public-spirited hero to the private and individualistic new subject of the Reform era. The mobilization of ecological labor instantiates a distinct formation of neosocialist desires and subjectivities oriented toward a greener future. Underlying this vision is a conception of shengtai yishi 生态意识 (ecological consciousness) that resonates with the government rhetoric of constructing a shengtai wenming 生态文明 (ecological civilization) in China and beyond.
Clinical and Operative Risk Factors Associated With Prolonged Length of Stay After Endoscopic Pituitary Adenoma Resection
Authors: Devarajan Alex , Vasan Vikram , Dullea Jonathan T. , Zhang Jack Y. , Vasa Devarshi , Schupper Alexander J. , Nichols Noah , Ranti Daniel , McCarthy Lily , Rao Manasa , Sudhir Sweta , Cho Logan , Rutland John W. , Post Kalmon D. , Bederson Joshua , Shrivastava Raj K. 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Pituitary adenomas (PAs) are the most common intrasellar tumor. Clinically relevant adenomas have a prevalence of 1 per 1000 in the general population. Transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) is the most common surgical treatment and is the first-line management for most PAs. Most patients fare well postoperatively, but a subset of patients experience a prolonged length of stay (PLOS). In this article, we aim to identify demographic and clinical factors associated with PLOS after TSS for PA.

METHODS:
Patients with sellar pathologies surgically treated at a single tertiary center from March 1, 2009, to May 31, 2020, were retrospectively reviewed. All patients older than 18 years receiving nonemergent endoscopic TSS for pituitary adenoma were included. Clinical and demographic characteristics were analyzed using χ2-tests and student t-tests. For those factors with a P-value less than .01, multivariate logistic regression and negative binomial regression models were constructed to estimate the adjusted odds of PLOS across predictive factors.

RESULTS:
A total of 301 patients were included in the study. This cohort had an average age of 54.65 ± 15.06 years and an average body mass index of 29.47 ± 6.69. The median length of stay was 54.9 hours [25th-75th percentiles: 43.5-72.9]. Postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leak (P < .01), postoperative diabetes insipidus (DI) (P < .01), increased surgery duration (P = .01), and elevated maximal tumor dimension (P = .01) were predictive of PLOS in logistic regression. Increased surgery duration, previous pituitary radiation, intraoperative complications, and postoperative DI (all P < .01) were associated with increased rate of PLOS in negative binomial regression.

CONCLUSION:
Patients undergoing endoscopic TSS for PA resection demonstrate prolonged lengths of stay if they have higher tumor burden, have lengthier surgeries with intraoperative complications, or develop postoperative complications such as cerebrospinal fluid leak or DI. Careful monitoring of these factors will allow for better resource optimization, reducing costs to both the hospital and the patient.
Could homocysteine represent a negative acute phase reactant in canine infections-a pilot study?
Authors: Ilic Bozovic A , Đoković P , Milanović Z , Janjić F , Spariosu K , Radonjić V , Radaković M , Magaš V , Filipović D , Stanković S , Kovačević Filipović M , Beletić A 
Published: February 2024

Homocysteine (Hcy) was investigated as the biomarker of cardiac, renal, and gastrointestinal disorders in dogs. Data about low Hcy concentrations in the systemic inflammatory response syndrome raised a hypothesis that Hcy in dogs is a negative acute-phase reactant. This survey compared Hcy concentrations, serum amyloid A (SAA), and the routine laboratory parameters between healthy (HD, N=6) and dogs with inflammation of different extent: mild ( dirofilariosis (DIR), N=31), moderate (babesiosis (BAB), N=12), and severe (pyometra (PYO), N=8). The BAB and PYO groups had lower Hcy er than HD. Also, the levels in the PYO group were below those in the DIRO group. SAA had the inverse pattern. Across the groups, Hcy and SAA levels correlated negatively (ρ = -0.502, P<0.001). Hcy and SAA correlated with the erythrocyte count, hematocrit, hemoglobin and mean cellular hemoglobin concentrations, and neutrophil count, with correlations being positive for Hcy and negative for SAA. Among all dogs, hemoglobin was the only independent predictor of Hcy concentration. Hcy levels in canine infections, decreased as acute-phase reaction (APR) intensified. Also, they were related with the hematology changes accompanying the APR. Further studies will establish the clinical potential of these alterations.
Frontiers in Operations: Does Physician’s Choice of When to Perform EHR Tasks Influence Total EHR Workload?
Authors: Celik Umit , Rath Sandeep , Kesavan Saravanan , Staats Bradley R. 
Published: February 2024

Problem definition: Physicians spend more than five hours a day working on Electronic Health Record (EHR) systems and more than an hour doing EHR tasks after the end of the workday. Numerous studies have identified the detrimental effects of excessive EHR use and after-hours work, including physician burnout, physician attrition, and appointment delays. However, EHR time is not purely an exogenous factor because it depends on physician usage behavior that could have important operational consequences. Interestingly, prior literature has not considered this topic rigorously. In this paper, we investigate how physicians’ workflow decisions on when to perform EHR tasks affect: (1) total time on EHR and (2) time spent after work. Methodology/results: Our data comprise around 150,000 appointments from 74 physicians from a large Academic Medical Center Family Medicine unit. Our data set contains detailed, process-level time stamps of appointment progression and EHR use. We find that the effect of working on EHR systems depends on whether the work is done before or after an appointment. Pre-appointment EHR work reduces total EHR workload and after-work hours spent on EHR. Post-appointment EHR work reduces after-work hours on EHR but increases total EHR time. We find that increasing idle time between appointments can encourage both pre- and post-appointment EHR work. Managerial implications: Our results not only help us understand the timing and structure of work on secondary tasks more generally but also will help healthcare administrators create EHR workflows and appointment schedules to reduce physician burnout associated with excessive EHR use. History: This paper has been accepted in the Manufacturing & Service Operations Management Frontiers in Operations Initiative. Funding: The research conducted for this paper received partial funding from the Center of Business for Health at the Kenan-Flagler Business School, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2023.0028 .
Maternal and neonatal factors associated with neonatal jaundice in Jordan: a case-control study
Authors: Mohammad Khitam Ibrahem Shlash , Al–Shdefat Maram , Halasa Suhaila , Joseph Rachel , Alafi Mohammad , ALBashtawy Mohammed , Alkhawaldeh Abdullah , Abdalrahim Asem , Malak Malakeh , Creedy Debra , Gamble Jenny 
Published: February 2024

Background/AimsNeonatal jaundice is a common cause of hospitalisation. This study aimed to identify maternal and neonatal factors associated with neonatal jaundice among hospitalised neonates in north Jordan.MethodsThis was a case control study involving 312 mothers and their neonates (106 cases, 206 controls), recruited from two governmental hospitals in north Jordan. A structured interview was used to collect data. Neonatal medical records were accessed for clinical data.ResultsMaternal factors associated with higher risk of jaundice included having higher education, being employed and having had a caesarean section. Neonatal factors associated with higher risk of jaundice included being preterm, receiving <5 feeds per day and having ABO incompatibility.ConclusionsUsing evidence-based guidelines for the assessment and management of risk factors helps to reduce the prevalence of jaundice requiring hospitalisation among neonates. Raising mothers' awareness of neonatal jaundice through interventions and education sessions during antenatal care, in particular for high-risk mothers, is also likely to help reduce its prevalence.
Significant risk factors for intensive care unit-acquired weakness: A processing strategy based on repeated machine learning
Authors: Wang Ling , Long Deng-Yan 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND
Intensive care unit-acquired weakness (ICU-AW) is a common complication that significantly impacts the patient's recovery process, even leading to adverse outcomes. Currently, there is a lack of effective preventive measures.
AIM
To identify significant risk factors for ICU-AW through iterative machine learning techniques and offer recommendations for its prevention and treatment.
METHODS
Patients were categorized into ICU-AW and non-ICU-AW groups on the 14th day post-ICU admission. Relevant data from the initial 14 d of ICU stay, such as age, comorbidities, sedative dosage, vasopressor dosage, duration of mechanical ventilation, length of ICU stay, and rehabilitation therapy, were gathered. The relationships between these variables and ICU-AW were examined. Utilizing iterative machine learning techniques, a multilayer perceptron neural network model was developed, and its predictive performance for ICU-AW was assessed using the receiver operating characteristic curve.
RESULTS
Within the ICU-AW group, age, duration of mechanical ventilation, lorazepam dosage, adrenaline dosage, and length of ICU stay were significantly higher than in the non-ICU-AW group. Additionally, sepsis, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, hypoalbuminemia, acute heart failure, respiratory failure, acute kidney injury, anemia, stress-related gastrointestinal bleeding, shock, hypertension, coronary artery disease, malignant tumors, and rehabilitation therapy ratios were significantly higher in the ICU-AW group, demonstrating statistical significance. The most influential factors contributing to ICU-AW were identified as the length of ICU stay (100.0%) and the duration of mechanical ventilation (54.9%). The neural network model predicted ICU-AW with an area under the curve of 0.941, sensitivity of 92.2%, and specificity of 82.7%.
CONCLUSION
The main factors influencing ICU-AW are the length of ICU stay and the duration of mechanical ventilation. A primary preventive strategy, when feasible, involves minimizing both ICU stay and mechanical ventilation duration.
Translocation of a fish spike from the pharynx to the thyroid gland: A case report
Authors: Li Deng , Zeng Wan-Ting , Jiang Jian-Guo , Chen Ji-Chuan 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND
A fish spike stuck in the throat is a common ear, nose, and throat (ENT) emergency. However, it is very rare for a fish spike to reach the thyroid tissue through the throat, which is very dangerous and can lead to pharyngeal fistula, cervical abscess, mediastinal abscess, and thyroid abscess. Proper and timely management can help reduce complications, especially in elderly patients.
CASE SUMMARY
In the case presented here, the causative factor was dentures, but improper management aggravated the condition. In the case presented here, an elderly woman with a history of accidentally swallowing fish bones for 20 d had a sensation of foreign bodies in her throat. Eventually, computed tomography (CT) of the neck showed that the left side of the thyroid gland had a dense shadow in the form of a stripe.
CONCLUSION
If a fishbone foreign body is not visible during endoscopic examination but the patient has significant symptoms, the surgeon should be aware that the fishbone may be lodged in the thyroid. To avoid a misdiagnosis, ultrasound, CT, and other tests can be used to clarify the diagnosis. T The first step in treating a fish bone in the thyroid gland is to determine the position of the foreign body and the extent of the infection, and to develop a personalized surgical plan for its removal. At the same time, scientific information should be made available to the general public so that people know that if a fish bone is accidentally lodged, they should not force it to be swallowed or be spit out by inducing vomiting, which are incorrect methods and may aggravate the condition or even cause it to migrate outside the cavity, leading to serious complications, as in this reported case.
ChatGPT als Unterstützung von Lehrkräften – Einordnung, Analyse und Anwendungsbeispiele
Authors: Hein Laura , Högemann Malte , Illgen Katharina-Maria , Stattkus Daniel , Kochon Enrico , Reibold Maja-Gwendoline , Eckle Jannick , Seiwert Lena , Beinke Jan Heinrich , Knopf Julia , Thomas Oliver 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungSeit seiner Veröffentlichung gewinnt das Large Language Model (Großes Sprachmodell) ChatGPT zunehmend an Bedeutung in der deutschen Bildungslandschaft. Während Schülerinnen und Schüler dieses Large Language Model bereits aktiv nutzen, herrscht unter Lehrkräften noch Uneinigkeit darüber, wie ChatGPT sie effektiv in ihrer alltäglichen Arbeit unterstützen kann. Mithilfe einer qualitativen Untersuchung werden verschiedene Aufgabenbereiche von Lehrkräften anhand konkreter Beispiele veranschaulicht und analysiert, wie ChatGPT in diesen Bereichen Unterstützung bieten kann – und in welchen der Einsatz von ChatGPT weniger geeignet ist. Durch das Large Language Model können Anregungen für alle identifizierten Aufgabenbereiche gegeben werden. Große Potenziale werden bei routinemäßigen Aufgaben, wie beispielsweise der schnellen Zusammenfassung von Informationen, gesehen. ChatGPT sollte eher nicht für pädagogische Aufgaben eingesetzt werden, wie z. B. die Arbeit mit herausforderndem Verhalten. Da Künstliche Intelligenz-basierte Tools wie ChatGPT in Zukunft voraussichtlich weiter an Bedeutung gewinnen werden, ist es notwendig, Lehrkräften eine konkrete Hilfestellung zur effektiven Nutzung dieser Tools zu geben. Dementsprechend wird in diesem Artikel ein Leitfaden hinsichtlich der Nutzung von ChatGPT im Unterricht durch Lehrkräfte bereitgestellt. Diese umfassen unter anderem die Bereiche Prompting, Interpretation, Reflexion und Datenschutz und liefern Lehrkräften so eine wertvolle Unterstützung bei dem Einsatz von ChatGPT.