bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A nonsynonymous SNP in the ITGB3 gene disrupts the conserved membrane-proximal cytoplasmic salt bridge in the αIIbβ3 integrin and cosegregates dominantly with abnormal proplatelet formation and macrothrombocytopenia
Authors: Ghevaert Cedric , Salsmann Alexandre , Watkins Nicholas A. , Schaffner-Reckinger Elisabeth , Rankin Angela , Garner Stephen F. , Stephens Jonathan , Smith Graham A. , Debili Najet , Vainchenker William , de Groot Philip G. , Huntington James A. , Laffan Mike , Kieffer Nelly , Ouwehand Willem H. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractWe report a 3-generation pedigree with 5 individuals affected with a dominantly inherited macrothrombocytopenia. All 5 carry 2 nonsynonymous mutations resulting in a D723H mutation in the β3 integrin and a P53L mutation in glycoprotein (GP) Ibα. We show that GPIbα-L53 is phenotypically silent, being also present in 3 unaffected pedigree members and in 7 of 1639 healthy controls. The β3-H723 causes constitutive, albeit partial, activation of the αIIbβ3 complex by disruption of the highly conserved cytoplasmic salt bridge with arginine 995 in the αIIb integrin as evidenced by increased PAC-1 but not fibrinogen binding to the patients' resting platelets. This was confirmed in CHO αIIbβ3-H723 transfectants, which also exhibited increased PAC-1 binding, increased adhesion to von Willebrand factor (VWF) in static conditions and to fibrinogen under shear stress. Crucially, we show that in the presence of fibrinogen, αIIbβ3-H723, but not wild-type αIIbβ3, generates a signal that leads to the formation of proplatelet-like protrusions in transfected CHO cells. Abnormal proplatelet formation was confirmed in the propositus's CD34+ stem cell–derived megakaryocytes. We conclude that the constitutive activation of the αIIbβ3-H723 receptor causes abnormal proplatelet formation, leading to incorrect sizing of platelets and the thrombocytopenia observed in the pedigree.
A systematic approach to detecting transcription factors in response to environmental stresses
Authors: Lin Li-Hsieh , Lee Hsiao-Ching , Li Wen-Hsiung , Chen Bor-Sen 
Published: December 2007

AbstractBackgroundEukaryotic cells have developed mechanisms to respond to external environmental or physiological changes (stresses). In order to increase the activities of stress-protection functions in response to an environmental change, the internal cell mechanisms need to induce certain specific gene expression patterns and pathways by changing the expression levels of specific transcription factors (TFs). The conventional methods to find these specific TFs and their interactivities are slow and laborious. In this study, a novel efficient method is proposed to detect the TFs and their interactivities that regulate yeast genes that respond to any specific environment change.ResultsFor each gene expressed in a specific environmental condition, a dynamic regulatory model is constructed in which the coefficients of the model represent the transcriptional activities and interactivities of the corresponding TFs. The proposed method requires only microarray data and information of all TFs that bind to the gene but it has superior resolution than the current methods. Our method not only can find stress-specific TFs but also can predict their regulatory strengths and interactivities. Moreover, TFs can be ranked, so that we can identify the major TFs to a stress. Similarly, it can rank the interactions between TFs and identify the major cooperative TF pairs. In addition, the cross-talks and interactivities among different stress-induced pathways are specified by the proposed scheme to gain much insight into protective mechanisms of yeast under different environmental stresses.ConclusionIn this study, we find significant stress-specific and cell cycle-controlled TFs via constructing a transcriptional dynamic model to regulate the expression profiles of genes under different environmental conditions through microarray data. We have applied this TF activity and interactivity detection method to many stress conditions, including hyper- and hypo- osmotic shock, heat shock, hydrogen peroxide and cell cycle, because the available expression time profiles for these conditions are long enough. Especially, we find significant TFs and cooperative TFs responding to environmental changes. Our method may also be applicable to other stresses if the gene expression profiles have been examined for a sufficiently long time.
From CNI-1493 to the immunological homunculus: physiology of the inflammatory reflex
Authors: Oke Stacey L , Tracey Kevin J 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThe inflammatory reflex is a neurophysiological mechanism that regulates the immune system. The efferent branch of the reflex the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway, which inhibits inflammation by suppressing cytokine synthesis via release of acetylcholine in organs of the reticuloendothelial system, including the spleen, liver, and gastrointestinal tract. Acetylcholine binds to α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors expressed by macrophages and other cytokine-producing cells. Receptor-ligand engagement suppresses proinflammatory cytokines and prevents tissue damage. Herein is a review of some of the experimental studies that define the inflammatory reflex and its anatomic and physiologic components.
Turmeric-based diet can delay apoptosis without modulating NF-κB in unilateral ureteral obstruction in rats
Authors: Hashem Reem M , Soliman Hala M , Shaapan Sahar F 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
The unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model of renal injury in rat is characterized by nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) activation and tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α) production, which induces apoptosis via activation of caspase 8 resulting in cell death. Curcumin, the major component found in turmeric spice, has been reported to provide protection against fibrosis and apoptosis elicited by UUO. This study examined the effects of a turmeric-based diet (5% w/w) on the apoptotic pathway induced by UUO in rats after 30 days of ligation. Administration of a turmeric-based diet demonstrated a significant decrease (P &lt; 0.05) in mRNA expression of TNF-α and caspase 8, but not NF-κB, expression, which may contribute to the protective role of the turmeric-based diet. We conclude that a turmeric-based diet can delay apoptosis without modulating NF-κB, so as not to sensitize the mesangial cells to the apoptotic stimuli.
Pharmacokinetics of formulated tenoxicam transdermal delivery systems
Authors: Kim Taekyung , Kang Eunyoung , Chun Inkoo , Gwak Hyesun 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
To investigate the feasibility of developing a new tenoxicam transdermal delivery system (TDS), the pharmacokinetics of tenoxicam from various formulated TDS were evaluated and compared with values following oral administration of tenoxicam and with application of a piroxicam plaster (Trast) marketed in Korea. Based on previous in-vitro study results, a mixture of diethylene glycol monoethyl ether (DGME) and propylene glycol monolaurate (PGML) (40:60) was used as a vehicle, and caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, oleic acid or linoleic acid (each at 3%) was added as an enhancer. Triethanolamine (5%) was used as a solubilizer, and Duro-Tak 87–2510 as a pressure-sensitive adhesive. Among these fatty acids used for the formulation of tenoxicam TDS, caprylic acid showed the greatest enhancing effect; the area under the plasma concentration—time profile (AUC) decreased in the order of caprylic acid &gt; linoleic acid ≥ oleic acid &gt; lauric acid &gt; capric acid. Compared with oral administration, maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) was significantly lower, and time to reach Cmax (Tmax) delayed with all formulated tenoxicam TDS. All formulated TDS resulted in a lower AUC than with the oral formulation, except for TDS containing caprylic acid, although the difference was statistically significant only with capric acid. The AUC for all the formulated tenoxicam TDS was significantly higher than that of the piroxicam plaster; TDS with caprylic acid increased AUC 8.53-fold compared with the piroxicam plaster. Even though the Tmax of tenoxicam TDS was not significantly different from that of the piroxicam plaster, Cmax was higher; formulations containing caprylic acid and linoleic acid increased Cmax by 7.39- and 8.76-fold, respectively. In conclusion, a formulation containing 1.5 mL DGME-PGML (40:60) with 3% caprylic acid and 5% triethanolamine mixed with 6 g Duro-Tak 87–2510 could be a good candidate for developing a new tenoxicam TDS to maintain a comparable extent of absorption to oral delivery while attaining a prolonged effect with fewer toxic events.
Slipping and Rolling Ratio of Sliding Acceleration for a Water Droplet Sliding on Fluoroalkylsilane Coatings of Different Roughness
Authors: Suzuki Shunsuke , Nakajima Akira , Sakai Munetoshi , Sakurada Yuu , Yoshida Naoya , Hashimoto Ayako , Kameshima Yoshikazu , Okada Kiyoshi 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
The effect of surface roughness on the internal fluidity of a water droplet during sliding on an inclined Si surface treated fluoroalkylsilane (FAS) was investigated using particle image velocimetry (PIV). A water droplet slid down by caterpillar-like rotation flow with or without slippage on the solid–liquid interface. The slipping/rolling ratio on the sliding acceleration depended on the surface roughness; the droplet advanced on the rough surface mainly by the rolling mechanism.
Importance of folate-homocysteine homeostasis during early embryonic development
Authors: Taparia Shveta , Gelineau-van Waes Janée , Rosenquist Thomas H. , Finnell Richard H. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractAlthough the beneficial effects of maternal folate supplementation in the periconceptional period have been shown to prevent neural tube defects, congenital heart defects and orofacial clefts, the exact protective mechanism of folates remains unknown. Folates affect DNA synthesis, amino acid metabolism and methylation of genes, proteins and lipids via S-adenosylmethionine-mediated one-carbon transfer reactions. Our laboratory has created several mouse knock out models of folate transport using gene targeting to inactivate folate receptor 1 (Clin Chem Lab Med 2007;45:1717–27.
The role of hyperhomocysteinemia and B-vitamin deficiency in neurological and psychiatric diseases
Authors: Obeid Rima , McCaddon Andrew , Herrmann Wolfgang 
Published: December 2007

AbstractHyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) is related to central nervous system diseases. Epidemiological studies show a positive, dose-dependent relationship between plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) concentration and neurodegenerative disease risk. tHcy is a marker of B-vitamin (folate, BClin Chem Lab Med 2007;45:1590–606.
Decreased p66Shc promoter methylation in patients with end-stage renal disease
Authors: Geisel Jürgen , Schorr Heike , Heine Gunar H. , Bodis Marion , Hübner Ulrich , Knapp Jean-Pierre , Herrmann Wolfgang 
Published: December 2007

AbstractClin Chem Lab Med 2007;45:1764–70.
The role of hyperhomocysteinemia as well as folate, vitamin B6 and B12 deficiencies in osteoporosis – a systematic review
Authors: Herrmann Markus , Peter Schmidt Johannes , Umanskaya Natalia , Wagner Alexandra , Taban-Shomal Omid , Widmann Thomas , Colaianni Graziana , Wildemann Britt , Herrmann Wolfgang 
Published: December 2007

AbstractHyperhomocysteinemia (HHCY) has been suggested as a new risk factor for osteoporosis. Recent epidemiological, clinical and experimental studies provide a growing body of data, which is reviewed in this article.Epidemiological and (randomized) clinical trials suggest that HHCY increases fracture risk, but has minor effects on bone mineral density. Measurement of biochemical bone turnover markers indicates a shift of bone metabolism towards bone resorption. Animal studies confirm these observations showing a reduced bone quality and stimulation of bone resorption in hyperhomocysteinemic animals. Homocysteine (HCY) has been found to accumulate in bone by collagen binding. Cell culture studies demonstrate that high HCY levels stimulate osteoclasts but not osteoblasts, indicating again a shift of bone metabolism towards bone resorption. Regarding B-vitamins, only a few in vivo studies with equivocal results have been published. However, two large cell culture studies confirm the results obtained with exogenous HCY administration. In addition, HHCY seems to have adverse affects on extracellular bone matrix by disturbing collagen crosslinking.In conclusion, existing data suggest that HHCY (and possibly B-vitamin deficiencies) adversely affects bone quality by a stimulation of bone resorption and disturbance of collagen crosslinking.Clin Chem Lab Med 2007;45:1621–32.
3D magnetic resonance microscopy of a wounded beech branch
Authors: Oven Primož , Merela Maks , Mikac Urša , Serša Igor 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
The pruned part of a beech (Fagus sylvatica) branch was imaged by a 3D spin-echo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique to visualize change in structure and water content in the tissues. Proton density-weighted MR images of intact tissues confirmed high moisture content (MC) associated with high MRI signal in the pith, xylem rays and earlywood vessels, as well as in the cambial zone with current annual xylem and phloem increment. MRI images derived from the 3D datasets showed a previously unreported moisture-related structural response of the beech branch to wounding. An extensive wound tissue with a high MRI signal at the wound edge was a conspicuous new structure clearly visualized by 3D MRI. MRI revealed that the xylem at the wound was dehydrated in a cone-shaped pattern extending approximately 4.5 mm deep into the branch. Dehydration was delimited from the underlying sound wood by a layer, corresponding to the reaction zone, of tissue with a high MRI signal and hence high moisture content. Moisture content of these reaction zones in beech determined by MRI were greater than in healthy wood by factors of 1.3–1.8. Accordingly, in the margins of wounded beech wood not only cell wall alterations can be observed, but also an intensive water accumulation, which is probably an integral part of the protective mechanism for the underlying sound wood.
Developing environmentally benign and effective organic wood preservatives by understanding the biocidal and non-biocidal properties of extractives in naturally durable heartwood
Authors: Binbuga Nursen , Ruhs Christopher , Hasty Julia K. , Henry William P. , Schultz Tor P. 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
Wood products for exterior residential applications have long been protected with metallic preservatives. However, environmental and disposal concerns and governmental regulations have resulted in a growing trend to employ organic systems based on relatively benign and expensive agrochemicals. To develop organic preservatives that have increased efficacy and lower cost, various groups are studying the biocidal and non-biocidal properties of extractives present in naturally durable heartwoods. In this study, we determined the fungicidal, free radical scavenger/antioxidant, metal chelation and Fe3+ reducing properties of some flavones and flavonoid analogs and chromones. The results support our earlier hypothesis that the abiotic antioxidant, Fe3+ reduction and subsequent metal complexation properties, in combination with the extractives’ fungicidal properties, all have a role in natural durability. Consequently, it may be possible to employ non-biocidal additive(s) with the above abiotic properties to enhance the efficacy of the relatively expensive organic agrochemicals used to protect wood.
Science, Schooling and Experiential Learning in Pacoima
Authors: Maida Carl A. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThis paper examines how concerns about school reform, environmental quality, and experiential learning have converged in Pacoima, California, an older community of 98,000 persons in the northeast San Fernando Valley. The area's environmentally compromised landscape has inspired a grassroots urban ecology movement, named Pacoima Beautiful, promoting environmental education, leadership development, and advocacy. Modeled on Dutch “science shops,” their research agenda on environmental quality of life is based upon concerns posed by community residents and carried out in partnership with local universities. Pacoima's environmentalists also collaborate with Project GRAD Los Angeles, a comprehensive initiative to improve student achievement in reading and math to increase the number of youth entering and succeeding in college. The initiative awards merit college scholarships, and require youth seeking them to attend two “institutes” during breaks to increase their skills and experience in reading, critical thinking, communication, and problem solving. An institute on science‐based experiential learning engaged local high school students in collaborative research on environmental concerns, including hazardous waste, flooding, air quality, soil lead contamination, and environmental disease. Faculty from five area universities designed the research questions and outcomes for each study and college students served as mentors for the high school students as they implemented the projects. A resident was selected to serve as a recorder for each project and to relate what was learned to others in the community. Reflective activities, including discussion of alternative paths of action based upon the research, took place within the three constituencies: university students, high school students, and residents. Exposure to urban social knowledge, namely science and advocacy on behalf of environmental concerns, acted as a catalyst to raise the environmental awareness, community consciousness, and academic readiness of the youth. Involving university faculty and students, high school youth, and residents in collaborative partnerships was key to increasing social knowledge and social capital on behalf of revitalizing this community.
Socialization and Reputation in Virtual Corporate Spaces: Confirming Identity and Reproducing Practice
Authors: Dirksen Vanessa 
Published: December 2007

AbstractTransformative expectations of modern information and communication technologies (ICTs) often do not agree with the reality of their appropriation in context. To investigate the divergence between discourse and praxis of ICTs, I performed an ethnographic study in a large Dutch IT firm where I followed a change project that was aimed at improving the organization's learning capabilities through the concept of virtual community. The research findings illustrate how the virtual community created to serve as an experiential learning exercise is appropriated instead as an arena for the manufacturing and display of status and as a reassurance of belonging.
Bodies for Rent: Labor and Marginality in Southern Louisiana
Authors: Higgins Rylan 
Published: December 2007

AbstractIn southern Louisiana, supplying a workforce for the offshore oil and gas industry's least desirable jobs requires manipulation of non‐market forces that shape access to labor. Specifically, a labor camp system, evolving since the late 1970s, recruits and deploys disempowered workers (or “bodies”) to fulfill the manual labor needs of a wide variety of oil and gas companies—a process that generates profits for the individuals who own labor camps while reproducing the continuities between work and poverty for the marginalized underclass of US cities. This essay explores the perpetuation of the camp system, arguing that it is not company desires for cost‐saving mechanisms but demands for a tractable workforce that explain the primary relationships between camp workers, managers and owners, on the one hand, and oil company management, on the other. Understandings of how social capital, cultural capital and drug dependency factor into employment at one camp provide key insights into the anatomy of the labor camp system.
Concise Review: Wharton's Jelly-Derived Cells Are a Primitive Stromal Cell Population
Authors: Troyer Deryl L. , Weiss Mark L. 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
Here, the literature was reviewed to evaluate whether a population of mesenchymal stromal cells derived from Wharton's jelly cells (WJCs) is a primitive stromal population. A clear case can be made for WJCs as a stromal population since they display the characteristics of MSCs as defined by the International Society for Cellular Therapy; for example, they grow as adherent cells with mesenchymal morphology, they are self-renewing, they express cell surface markers displayed by MSCs, and they may be differentiated into bone, cartilage, adipose, muscle, and neural cells. Like other stromal cells, WJCs support the expansion of other stem cells, such as hematopoietic stem cells, are well-tolerated by the immune system, and they have the ability to home to tumors. In contrast to bone marrow MSCs, WJCs have greater expansion capability, faster growth in vitro, and may synthesize different cytokines. WJCs are therapeutic in several different pre-clinical animal models of human disease such as neurodegenerative disease, cancer, heart disease, etc. The preclinical work suggests that the WJCs are therapeutic via trophic rescue and immune modulation. In summary, WJCs meet the definition of MSCs. Since WJCs expand faster and to a greater extent than adult-derived MSCs, these findings suggest that WJCs are a primitive stromal cell population with therapeutic potential. Further work is needed to determine whether WJCs engraft long-term and display self-renewal and multipotency in vivo and, as such, demonstrate whether Wharton's jelly cells are a true stem cell population.
Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.
Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Are a Source for Cell Therapy of the Corneal Stroma
Authors: Arnalich-Montiel Francisco , Pastor Silvia , Blazquez-Martinez Alejandro , Fernandez-Delgado Jorge , Nistal Manuel , Alio Jorge L. , De Miguel Maria P. 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
Most corneal diseases affect corneal stroma and include immune or infectious diseases, ecstatic disorders, traumatic scars, and corneal dystrophies. Cell-based therapy is a promising therapeutic approach to overcome the current disadvantages of corneal transplantation. We intended to search for a cell source to repopulate and regenerate corneal stroma. We investigated the ability of human processed lipoaspirate derived (PLA) cells to regenerate corneal stroma in experimental animals. In the first set of experiments, we tested the biosafety and immunogenicity of human PLA stem cells transplanted into the corneal stroma of rabbits. No immune response was elicited even though we used immune-competent animals. PLA cells survived up to 10 weeks post-transplant, maintained their shape, and remained intermingled in the stroma without disrupting its histological pattern. Interestingly, transparency was preserved even 10 weeks after the transplant, when PLA cells formed a discontinuous layer in the stroma. In the second set of experiments, regeneration of the corneal stroma by PLA cells was assessed, creating a niche by partial ablation of the stroma. After 12 weeks, human cells were disposed following a multilayered pattern and differentiated into functional keratocytes, as assessed by the expression of aldehyde-3-dehydrogenase and cornea-specific proteoglycan keratocan. Based on our results, we believe that adipose-derived adult stem cells can be a cell source for stromal regeneration and repopulation in diseased corneas. The low health impact of the surgical procedure performed to obtain the PLA cells provides this cell source with an additional beneficial feature for its possible future autologous use in human patients.
Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.