bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Value of CT Scanning in Assessing Location and Extent of Epidural and Paraspinal Inflammatory Conditions
Authors: O'SULLIVAN R. , McKENZIE A. , HENNESSY O. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTCT scanning is an excellent modality for assessment (or exclusion) of infection in the epidural space, vertebrae and paraspinal muscles. We suggest the use of intrathecal contrast to assess the effect on the theca whether there are neurological signs or not. Intravenous contrast should also be used to demonstrate the inflammatory granulation tissue, micro abscesses and the extent of the disease.
The Surgical Management of Hepatoma: A Review of 29 Hepatic Resections
Authors: NGOI S. S. , RAUFF ABU , CHEONG FOONG WNG 
Published: March 2008

SUMMARYThe results of hepatic resection for the treatment of primary hepatocellular carcinoma is presented. A total of 59 patients were referred to the University Department of Surgery, Singapore General Hospital over the period January 1981 ‐ December 1985 for hepatic resections and of these 29 (49.l%) patients were deemed resectable during laparotomy.Almost all of our patients present with late disease and average tumour size after resection was 13.3 cm. Post operative mortality was 6.9% and post operative morbidity was acceptable. Our patients are closely monitored in the intensive care unit and complications were quickly dealt with. The survival post resection was improved and long term survivals beyond 2 years was 40.7% and beyond 4 years was 18.5%.We emphasize that early detection of this common malignancy in our country will go towards imDrovinn the resection rate and thus better and fonger survival.
Left Gastric and Coeliac Lymph Nodes: A Problem Area for C.T. Staging of Carcinoma of the Gastro‐Oesophageal Junction
Authors: LEE W.B. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTSix cases of adenocarcinoma of the gastro‐oesophageal junction found at laparotomy to have incorrect pre‐operative staging by computed tomography (C.T.) were reviewed. It was found that in five of six cases left gastric or coeliac lymph nodes between 1.0 cm and 2.0 cm in size were visible by C.T. It is suggested that left gastric and coeliac lymph nodes greater than 1.0 cm in size should be called definitely abnormal, rather than using 1.5 cm or 2.0 cm as the criterion for definite lymph node enlargement.
Sporadic Non‐African Burkitt's Lymphoma A Case Report
Authors: CHILDS W J , BENJAMIN C S , PATTISON N S 
Published: March 2008

SUMMARYA case of Burkitt's lymphoma presenting as ovarian malignancy, later complicated by acute tumour lysis syndrome and acute B cell (Burkitt's type leukaemia is discussed. Non‐African Burkitt's Lymphoma occurs sporadically in New Zealand, usually presenting with intra‐abominal disease. It is a malignancy in which extremely rapid cell growth may occur with the need for urgent staging and early treatment. The complications of acute tumour lysis syndrome and acute B cell leukaemia are discussed.
A New Look at Intravenous Urography
Authors: DAWSON PETER 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTIn spite of the advent of new imaging modalities, the simple intravenous urogram remains an important technique for the visualisation of the renal tract. It is also an examination in which an understanding of basic renal physiology is useful. The physiology is reviewed and against this background the differences in the examination when performed with low osmolality contrast agents are indicated. Comments are also made on the relative safety and costs of the examination when performed with these agents.
Audit as a Basis for Informed Consent with Cerebral Angiography
Authors: MOWAT PAUL D. , McGUIRE TREASURE M. , JELLETT LEON B. , STOKES JULIE A. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThe risk of complications is inherent in all invasive radiological procedures. Because of the significant number of both minor and major adverse effects associated with cerebral angiography, this procedure was chosen as an audit model to establish current information upon which clinical decisions and informed consent can be based. The results of this initial audit study, performed over a 7‐month period in the Radiology Department of the Royal Brisbane Hospital, highlighted the difficulties in obtaining local data which have on‐going relevance.
C.T. Demonstration of Thrombosis of the Portal Venous System
Authors: LEE W.B. , WONG K.P. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThrombosis involving all or part of the portal venous system was demonstrated by C.T. in three patients. Predisposing factors were sigmoid colectomy for adenocarcinoma, appen‐diceal abscess and splenectomy for splenic arterio‐venous malformation, respectively.Fresh thrombus appeared as high density intraluminal content on noncontrast enhanced scans. Older thrombus appeared as low density intraluminal content surrounded by a high density venous wall on contrast enhanced scans.One patient developed a cavernoma of the portal vein demonstrated by C.T. and porto‐graphy. In another patient; bowel infarction with bowel wall thickening and intra‐mural gas was demonstrated.Although the diagnosis can be made on non‐contrast enhanced scans in the acute phase and by using the bolus intravenous technique for contrast enhanced scans for older thrombus, optimal demonstration of the presence of thrombus and clear definition of the extent of thrombosis requires a dynamic scanning technique during rapid intravenous infusion of contrast.
The Assessment of Inflammatory Aortic Aneurysms with Computed Tomography
Authors: WATERLAND MARK 
Published: March 2008

SUMMARYInflammatory aneurysms are a rare and distinct form of abdominal aortic aneurysm that produce abdominal pain and a periaortic soft tissue mass. CT has a limited but useful role in the diagnosis and follow up of this condition.ABSTRACTThe CT scans of 8 patients with operatively diagnosed inflammatory aneurysms are presented. The scans were independently read by 4 radiologists in an attempt to assess the CT criteria and determine the correlation between surgical and CT diagnosis of this entry.In only 4 of the cases was inflammatory aneurysms thought the most likely diagnosis, it was a possible diagnosis in a further 2 cases. This result is most likely due to the marked similarity between this and other causes of periaortic soft tissue masses.In this study CT appears to have a definite but limited place in assessing inflammatory aortic aneurysms. It allows assessment of non specific abdominal pain in the presence of an aneurysm, aids in the diagnosis of periaortic masses and may warn the surgeon of the presence of inflammatory aneurysm. The initial management of a patient with an abdominal aortic aneurysm and abdominal pain however should remain surgical.
Radiological Appearances of Skeletal Metastasis from Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: O'DONNELL CHRISTOPHER , SAVAGE ADRIAN 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTSkeletal metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma are uncommon but produce a typld radiological appearance of bone destruction associated with large, very vascular, soft tissue masses. A case of spinal cord compression from such a mass is presented.
CT of Anterior Intervertebral Disc Herniation
Authors: GARG K. , NAGI O.N. , SURI S. , GARG S.K. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTHerniation of intervertebral disc usually occurs posterolaterally. A thorough review of the recent radiological literature revealed only a single case report of anterior intervertebral disc hernitation demonstrated by computed tomography (CT). We report another such case.
Peritoneal Mesothelioma — A Case Report
Authors: SAWHNEY S. , BERRY M. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTA case of malignant peritoneal mesothelioma is reported which was diagnosed by sonography and conventional gastrointestinal studies. Although CT has been reported to be superior to sonography for the diagnosis of peritoneal mesotheliomas in our Institution, where Body CT facilities were not available, sonography proved to be invaluable in the diagnosis of this fatal peritoneal neoplasm, assisted by conventional gastrointestinal studies.
Medulloepithelioma: MRI Appearances
Authors: DAVIES R.P. , LEE C. SAE 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThe M.R.I. appearances of a rare tumour of childhood are presented. The clinical presentation and imaging appearances of medulloepithelioma are discussed. The importance of both C.T. and M.R.I. in the pre‐operative evaluation of this tumour is outlined.
Treatment of CNS Tumours with Conventional Radiotherapy: The Importance of Dose & Volume Factors in Tumour Control & CNS Radiation Tolerance
Authors: TIVER K. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTImproved localisation of central nervous system (CNS) tumours resulting from newer diagnostic imaging techniques may allow the therapeutic irradiation of smaller volumes than currently practiced with the possibility of less normal tissue injury and/or the use of higher radiation doses. The influence of radiation dose and volume on the control rates for various types of CNS tumour and on the radiation tolerance of CNS tissue is imperfectly understood. Available data on these fundamental issues in the radiation treatment of CNS tumours is reviewed.
Ipsilateral Craniofacial Uptake of Tc‐99m MDP in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: Incidence and Implication
Authors: NURUDDIN REGINA N. , DAUD ABDULLAH 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTA five year review of 224 Tc‐99m methylene diphosphonate (MDP) scintiscans of 194 patients with proven nasopharyngeal carcinoma revealed evidence of craniofacial asymmetry in 73.7 per cent. In virtually all instances tracer accumulation corresponded to the side of the primary lesion, cervical node enlargement and or cranial nerve dysfunction.It was concluded that the high frequency of asymmetric ipsilateral MDP accumulation about the face may be attributed to one or all of the following; tumour extension into contiguous structures, localised inflammatory or necrotic changes or even tracer uptake by the tumour itself.
Mammographic Hook Wire Localization — A Step by Step Guide
Authors: ALBERTYN LYNDA E. , HUMENIUK VLADIMIR 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTA practical approach to hook wire localization of impalpable mammographic lesions is described, together with hints and potential pitfalls.A standard set of five radiographic projections is outlined. This consists of:‐

The “Right Angle” View
The “Needle Placement” View
The “Depth Adjustment” View
The “Hook Check” Views

Modifications of the technique for more experienced operators are also described.The technique is simple and accurate in many circumstances.
Cerebral Venous Malformations
Authors: JACKSON GRAEME , CHAMPNESS PETER , SACHARIAS NINA 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTCerebral venous malformations (CVM) are increasingly being recognised with the widespread use of CT scanning. Five cases are presented which demonstrate typical angiographic features and CT findings. These lesions when located in the cerebral hemispheres are benign and have been distinguished from the better known arteriovenous malformations on the basis of their characteristic angiographic features. CT findings have been considered nonspecific but our early post contrast CT scans demonstrate characteristic features suggesting that in many cases the diagnosis of cerebral venous malformations may be made on the CT scan alone.
Traumatized Ischial Apophysis (Report of Six Cases)
Authors: KOZLOWSKI K. , CAMPBELL J.B. , AZOUZ E.M. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTSix boys with traumatic ischial apophysis are reported. Two cases were diagnosed as stress apophysis and four as apophyseolysis. Two of our patients were referred to the hospital as malignant bone tumours—Ewing sarcoma and osteosarcoma.
Uses of Direct Coronal Pelvic CT
Authors: LEIGHTON DIANE M. , de CAMPO MARGARET 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTA technique for performing direct coronal computed tomography (CT) of the pelvis on conventional CT equipment is described. Eighteen patients have been examined by this technique and its possible applications in the evaluation of patients with anorectal and genitourinary anomalies, pre and postoperatively, are discussed.
Type 1 Choledochal Cysts: Preoperative Evaluation by Ultrasound
Authors: SAMAD S. ABDUL , GOON HONG KOOI 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTType I choledochal cysts were diagnosed on ultrasonography in 14 patients. The cysts were seen as oval or fusiform anechoic structures located in the subhepatic space and separate from the gallbladder. The continuity of the cyst with the bile duct in the porta hepatis was a specific feature for correct diagnosis of the condition.
Primary Rib Tumours in Children (Report of 27 Cases with Short Literature Review)
Authors: KOZLOWSKI K. , CAMPBELL J. , MORRIS L. , SPRAGUE P. , TACCONE A. , BELUFFI G. , MARCINSKI A. , PORTA F. , STEVENS M. 
Published: March 2008

Summary27 cases of primary malignant and benign rib tumours are reported. The most common malignant rib tumour in childhood is Ewing sarcoma (20 cases). Some other rare bone tumours and tumorous conditions (reticulosarcoma, aneurysmal bone cyst, monostotic rib eosinophilic granuloma, osteoid osteoma and lymphangioma) are also described.In the authors' opinion Ewing sarcoma presents with characteristic clinico‐radiographic findings in most of the cases. Other monostotic, primary rib tumours and tumorous conditions in childhood — with the exception of exchondroma and enchondroma — rarely show diagnostic radiographic features.
The Non‐Invasive Investigation of Lumbar Disc Degeneration in Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain.
Authors: BUIRSKI G. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThe painful degenerate disc is a recognised cause of low back pain. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has now replaced discography in the non‐invasive assessment of disc degeneration. However, the prohibitive capital expense of MRI and the small number of MR units in Australia produce limitations in clinical access. In contrast. Computed Tomography (CT) is readily available and is performed in most patients prior to MRI referral.This prospective study was undertaken to determine whether preliminary CT could offer any information about disc degeneration and so reduce the demand on a MRI scanner.30 consecutive patients were studied all of whom had both CT and MRI examinations. Of a total 107 discs examined by both techniques, MRI was able to identify 37 degenerate discs. Conclusive evidence of degeneration (i.e. the presence of intervertebral gas) was only seen in 3 discs at CT (1 patient). Of the 29 posterior disc bulges found on CT, all were both bulging and degenerate on MRI.Indications for MRI based on the CT findings are recommended. Using these criteria, 13% (4 patients) of this study group could have avoided an expensive and unnecessary MR investigation. A useful algorithm for the investigation and assessment of patients with chronic low back pain is discussed.
Chronic Gastric Torsion in Infancy: A Revisited Diagnosis
Authors: GIACOMO COSTANTINO De , MAGGIORE GIUSEPPE , FIORI PAOLA , PEROTTI GIANFRANCO , COLOMBO ANGELO , SCOTTA MARIA S. , BELUFFI GIAMPIERO 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTTwenty out of 108 infants with vomiting, who underwent an upper gastrointestinal X‐ray study during a period of 2 years, showed a peculiar shape and position of the stomach already described as chronic gastric torsion. We examined clinical, radiologic and laboratory findings of these 20 infants. Our results showed that chronic gastric torsion is frequently associated with gastroesophageal reflux and has a wide spectrum of symptoms, complications and nutritional abnormalities.
Interventional Radiology in the Treatment of Ureteric Complications in Transplant Kidneys
Authors: LIST ALAN 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTEleven patients who had radiological procedures because of urinary leakage or ureteric obstruction in transplant kidneys are reviewed in order to judge the clinical efficacy of interventional radiological techniques in the management of these complications. Initial technical success was attained in 9/9 dilatation attempts and 17/21 (81%) stent placement attempts. It is thought that 9/11 (82%) patients benefited from the radiological attempts at treatment and at long term follow up 7 kidneys were still functioning, 3 failed due to rejection and one after failed renal artery surgery.The complication rate due to the radiological procedure was low, with one iatrogenic urine leak being the single major procedural complication. Two patients had urinary tract infections while stented and there were two patients with perirenal abscesses.
Cerebral Toxoplasmosis and Lymphoma in Patients with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
Authors: LAVIOPIERRE A.M. , LAWLER G.A. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT16 Patients with central nervous system (CNS) complications of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) are described. All patients were male homosexuals. The most common demonstrable lesion in the parenchyma was toxoplasmosis, which produced an area of focal oedema, usually containing a central zone of nodular or ring‐shaped enhancement. Cerebral atrophy was also a common finding. One patient had diffuse peri‐ventricular lymphomatous infiltration, and a further two patients had both cerebral toxoplasmosis and lymphoma. A delayed “double dose” contrast examination appears to be the most accurate method of outlining the total extent of CNS disease in these patients.
Spinal Dysraphism with Accessory Male Genital Organs (A Case Report)
Authors: SRIVASTAVA D.N. , AWASTHY D.N. , KATIYAR R.K. , MANIKA  
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTClinico‐Radiological and operative observations of a case of spinal dysraphism with accessory male genital organs are presented. Operative observations substantiated the presence of myelomeningocele in association with the spinal dysraphism in a case with normal sized penis, urethra and scrotum on top of a huge swelling over the back.
Spinal Arachnoid Diverticula (Report of a Case and review of the literature)
Authors: KAUSHIK HIMANSHU , HUNG PHILLIP 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTWe report a case of multiple spinal arachnoid diverticula in a four year old girl in order to draw attention to this entity as an unusual cause of spinal cord compression. The radiological findings and previous literature are reviewed.
Evaluation of the Mammographic Lesion
Authors: OSBORNE JONATHAN M. , ROBERT DOROTHY 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTRadiologists have all too often been vague about mammographic problems presenting on films. Their reports are often too equivocal. However, with a thorough mammographic evaluation, most lesions can be classified as benign, malignant or spurious. We have listed thirteen positions, apart from the routine craniocaudal and oblique views, that may help decide the malignant potential of a mammographic problem.
Mammography and Breast Pain
Authors: BREW M.D. , BILLINGS J.D. , CHISHOLM RJ. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTTwo hundred and three consecutive patients underwent mammography at both public and private facilities. Their patients were asked to complete a questionnaire which recorded their assessments of pain. There was a very low incidence of significant pain (4%). The rate was highest (10.9%) in those with pre‐existing breast pain. This compared with a rate of 1.4% in those without pre‐existing breast pain. A large number of premenopausal women suffered from breast pain (69%). Breast pain was particularly common in the week prior to onset of menstruation. Therefore, routine mammography should be scheduled in a pain‐free interval and, if possible, the week prior to onset of menstruation should be avoided.
Preoperative Embolisation in the Management of Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma
Authors: PALMER F.J. 
Published: March 2008

SUMMARYThirteen cases of juvenile angiofibroma were treatea surgically with preoperative embolisation. One case occurred in a female. Embolisation significantly reduced blood loss and allowed complete surgical removal of the tumour in all cases. No significant complications occurred. Preoperative embolisation should be employed routinely in the surgical management of these patients.
Primary Bone Tumours of the Pelvis in Childhood—Ewing's Sarcoma of the Ilium, Pubis and Ischium. (Report of 30 cases) (Part I)
Authors: KOZLOWSKI K. , CAMPBELL J. , BELUFFI G. , HOEFFEL J.C. , MORRIS L. , PELIZZA A. , SPRAGUE P. , TACCONE A. , ARICO M. , STEVENS M. 
Published: March 2008

SUMMARY30 children with Ewing's sarcoma, the most common malignant pelvic tumour in childhood, were analysed. The diagnosis of Ewing's sarcoma is relatively easy and can be established in most of the cases on plain radiography. The diagnostic radiographic features of the tumour are discussed. The two most important conditions in differential diagnosis are eosinophilic granuloma and the rare primary bone lymphoma. Osteomyelitis should rarely cause confusion unless the clinico‐radiographic findings are not properly evaluated.
Rare, Primary Iliac, Pubic and Ischial Tumours in Children (Report of 14 Cases) — Part II
Authors: KOZLOWSKI K. , CAMPBELL J. , BELUFFI G. , HOEFFEL J.C. , MORRIS L. , PELIZZA A. , TACCONE A. , ARICO M. , STEVENS M. 
Published: March 2008

SUMMARY14 cases of rare, primary iliac, pubic and ischial bone tumours or tumorous conditions are reported. These include aneurysmal bone cyst, eosinophilic granuloma, cavernous haemangioma, osteoid osteoma, fibrous dysplasia, fibrous dysplasia with sarcomatous degeneration, chondrosarcoma, lymphoma and atypical malignant histiocytosis. The possibilities to be considered in the accurate radiographic recognition of primary tumours of iliac, pelvic and ischial bones are discussed.
Kaposi's Sarcoma in AIDS: The Role of Radiation Therapy
Authors: CHOWDHURY A.D. , CHILDS W.J. , BENJAMIN C.S. 
Published: March 2008

SUMMARYRadiotherapy can provide good palliation for AIDS patients with symptomatic Kaposi's sarcoma. We have retrospectively reviewed the treatment of 13 lesions in 5 patients. All treated tumours demonstrated significant regression with moderate doses of radiation. Side effects were acceptable and treatment provided good pain relief, functional improvement, and restoration of cosmesis. Our experience confirms that radiotherapy has a meaningful role in the management of AIDS‐related Kaposi's sarcoma.
MRI of Internal Derangement of the Knee with Arthroscopic Correlation
Authors: SYKES J. T. , MULLIGAN S. A. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTMRI has assumed a major role in investigating disorders of the knee, especially internal derangement. We correlated the MRI report and arthroscopic findings of 18 patients with suspected meniscal or ligament injury. The results are presented and compared with other series. A particularly important asset of MRI is its very high negative predictive value.
Neurofibromatosis 2: Report of an Affected Kindred, with a Discussion of Imaging Strategy
Authors: FERRIS N. J. , SIU K. H. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThree cases of neurofibromatosis 2 occurring in one family are presented. Features distinguishing this condition from the more common neurofibromatosis 1 are discussed and the important role of radiological screening in case detection and follow‐up is emphasised.
Neonatal Tuberous Sclerosis: Magnetic Resonance Appearance of Subependymal Tubers
Authors: DAWSON KAREN L. , MOORE SHEILA G. , ARIAGNO RONALD L. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTA case of tuberous sclerosis in a neonate, with cerebral and cardiac hamartomas evaluated by MR imaging, is presented. Intracranial subependymal tubers in this neonate exhibit increased signal intensity on short TR images. This differs from the signal characteristics of subependymal tubers in older patients.