bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Paraplegia following resection of abdominal aortic aneurysm a report of 3 cases
Authors: Bates T 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Three cases of paraplegia following elective resection of an abdominal aortic aneurysm are presented. In each case the aorta was clamped below the renal arteries, but infarction of the spinal cord resulted from occlusion of the upper lumbar or lower intercostal and upper lumbar arteries by thrombosis or from dissection of the aortic wall proximal to the graft.
In 2 cases the onset of paraplegia was in the early postoperative period, but in the third case, paralysis followed an aortic dissection occurring after a long interval.
The blood-supply of the spinal cord and the aetiology of the paraplegia are discussed.
Benign non-traumatic stricture of the common bile-duct owing to penetrating duodenal ulcer
Authors: Glick Selwyn 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
A case of stricture of the common bile-duct owing to fibrous encasement by the chronic inflammatory changes caused by an adjacent penetrating posterior duodenal ulcer is presented. The relative rarity of the condition is noted and a rational line of treatment suggested.
The normal anatomy of the lymphatic system in the human leg
Authors: Pflug J J , Calnan J S 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
The normal anatomy of the lymphatic system of the lower extremity of man has been described from 34 specimens. The investigation has shown that the lymphovascular network displays the following features:– A strictly regional pattern of drainage.No anastomoses between the subfascial and epifascial lymphatic trunks.No direct communications between the veins and lymphatics both in the epifascial and subfascial systems.
The lymphoid system consists in man of popliteal and inguinal lymph-nodes. In both the lymph-node is neither an obligatory junction between the regional deep or superficial trunks nor does it represent an obligatory terminus for the relevant lymph-trunks.
Rupture of the ureter due to crushing injury in a boy with severe haemophilia
Authors: Forbes Charles D , Craig James A , Prentice Colin R M , McNicol George P , Levack James H , Ireland John T , Adams James F , Sutherland G Roy 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
A haemophilic boy, aged 14 years, presented with rupture of the upper end of the ureter as a result of a crushing injury. Primary ureteral anastomosis was successfully carried out under cover of cryoglobulin precipitate therapy. Renal function tests carried out at 2 months were normal, although the isotope renogram showed slight diminution of function on the injured side and an intravenous pyelogram showed some narrowing of the site of the anastomosis.
Operative treatment of high gastric ulcer with special reference to Pauchet's method
Authors: Lewis Adam , Qvist George 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
A high gastric ulcer may be treated by excision, or the ulcer may be retained and healing encouraged by other means. If the ulcer is retained there is a small but definite risk of malignancy. Neither gastric drainage, nor the Kelling–Madlener operation, nor vagotomy and pyloroplasty ensures healing in a high gastric ulcer. Local wedge resection of the ulcer is attended by very poor results, and a high mortality and morbidity preclude the use of subtotal or total gastrectomy. Pauchet's procedure combines the advantages of limited gastrectomy and gastroduodenal anastomosis with complete removal of the ulcer. It is the recommended operation for high gastric ulcers.
Perimuscular excision of the rectum for Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. A Conservation technique
Authors: Lee E C G , Dowling B L 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
The incidence of abnormalities of micturition and sexual function after removal of the rectum is discussed. It is thought that surgical damage to the autonomic nerves in the pelvis is the main cause of disability in young patients with benign disease. The various modifications of the standard abdominoperineal dissection of the rectum which have been introduced to prevent injury during the operation are described. None has proved entirely successful.
A new technique of rectal dissection, in which two surgeons concentrate on opposite sides of the bowel and carry out the dissection under direct vision in a bloodless field, is described. The results of its use in 24 patients are recorded.
The effect of environmental temperature and nutritional intake on the metabolic response to abdominal surgery
Authors: Spivey John , Johnston Ivan D A 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Ambient temperatures of 29°C. had no effect on the nitrogen balance after elective abdominal surgery in 15 well-nourished men compared with 29 similar patients nursed at 24°C. The catabolic response as measured by nitrogen balance is small following operation of moderate severity and can be abolished by an increased intake of nitrogen and calories.
The local effects of intra-arterial injections of sodium tetradecyl sulphate (s.t.d.) 3 per cent. An experimental study
Authors: Mac Gowan W A L , Holland P D J , Browne Hyacinth I , Byrnes Dermot P 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
The accidental intra-arterial injection of the commonly used sclerosant sodium tetradecyl sulphate (S.T.D.) 3 per cent during the treatment of varicose veins can affect seriously the blood-supply to the limb, and gangrene may follow.
Intra-arterial injection of S.T.D. into the limb arteries of dogs chemically disintegrates the blood in the slow-moving stream of the capillaries and converts it into a thick sludge which obstructs the circulation locally, resulting in necrosis of the extremity.
Perianal gas-producing infection of non-clostridial origin
Authors: Brightmore Terence 
Published: March 2007

AbstractFive cases of perianal infection caused by nonclostridial gas-producing organisms are reported. Four were males in their sixth decade, 2 of whom were diabetics, and the fifth was a female in her third decade. Two cases died, and the severity of these infections is emphasized. The diagnosis and treatment of non-clostridial gas-producing infections are discussed.
Mortality in missile wounds of the head
Authors: Adeloye Adelola 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
In a series of 250 patients with missile wounds of the head treated at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria, 35 died after admission, a mortality of 14 per cent. Forty-three per cent of the deaths occurred within a week of wounding and were predominantly due to severe anatomical damage; among the 34 per cent who died at least 4 weeks after wounding there was evidence of intracranial infection. Surgical operation did not improve the outcome in the group with severe anatomical damage. A serious disturbance of the level of consciousness on admission, namely coma, was a bad prognostic sign.
The effects of intermittently applied external pressure on the haemodynamics of the hind-limb in greyhound dogs
Authors: Sabri S , Roberts V C , Cotton L T 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe application of intermittent compression of 30 mm. Hg to the hind-limb of a greyhound results in an increase of about 400 per cent in the pulsatility of femoral vein flow and of 250 per cent in the peak femoral vein flow. This effect may result in adequate filling and emptying of the deep venous channels and sinuses of the lower limb of man, thereby preventing stasis in them. Intermittent compression of the calf seems, therefore, to have an obvious place in the prophylaxis of deep-vein thrombosis.
Leiomyoma of the oesophagus with calcification
Authors: Huddy Phillip , Griffiths Gordon 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe successful removal of a leiomyoma of the oesophagus in a man aged 64 years is described. The exceptional feature was the presence of calcification within the tumour which is almost unknown. The differential diagnosis from extrinsic causes which produce a similar appearance is discussed in view of this misleading feature. A brief general description of the clinical, radiological, and surgical aspects of leiomyomata of the oesophagus is given.
A case of intraluminal diverticulum of the duodenum
Authors: Guerrier Hugh P , Turner Maurice J 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
The rare anomaly of intraluminal duodenal diverticulum is illustrated by a case history. Twenty-three earlier cases are quoted. In the discussion attention is drawn to the varied clinical presentation which may occur, including the possibilities of intestinal haemorrhage and subacute obstruction. The importance of radiology in making a preoperative diagnosis is stressed. Theories of possible causation are briefly reviewed.
The scope and safety of short-stay surgery in the treatment of groin herniae and varicose veins a report on 705 cases
Authors: Doran F S A , White Mary , Drury M 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Between 1948 and 1968 the number of surgical patients treated in England and Wales increased by 38·6 per cent. In 1968, 267, 300 more surgical patients were admitted to hospital than in 1948. During the same period of time the increase in the number of beds was less than 1 per cent.
Faced with a steadily growing demand to treat patients suffering from cancer and other serious diseases it is difficult to find the beds and the operating time to treat patients with hernia and varicosa veins. Even so the operating performed on patients suffering from these two complaints amount to nearly one-third of all the operatons performed annually. There are 231 other operations in general surgery.
As a result the average time patients with ruptures and variocse veins languish on hospital waiting lists is up to 2 years, and ofter for longer than that.
At the present time in England and Wales the average time a patient stays in hospital after a herniorrhaphy or an operation for varicose veins is 10·5 days. This is an expensive waste of beds; 75 per cent of all patients can safely be sent home 48 hours after both these types of operatun. The number of patients who develop an acute postoperative comlication and cannote go home is only 5·4 per cent and the number who need readmission for a delayed complication is less than 1 per cent.
Being discharged home 48 hours after having their hernia reparied or thier varicose veins operated on is popular both with the great majority of patients and also with their relatives. Moreover it is accepted by the general practitioners concerned. Proceeding in this way the time such patients have to wait for their operation is reduced to an average of 3–6 months.
It is important to realize, however, that short-stay surgery will increase the total number of operations performed each year. They are additional operations and, as such, need extra theartre time and extra theatre staff, otherwise they cancnote be done.
The present series of 705 cases could note have been operated on if an additional theartre and staff had not been provided.
Non-Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve
Authors: Stewart George R , Mountain John C , Colcock Bentley P 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
During the performance of 2101 thyroid operations, 3496 recurrent laryngeal nerves were identified and exposed. Of the 1776 visualized nerves on the right side, 6 were found to be non-recurrent. A brief survey of the literature relevant to this anatomical abnormality is included, and its importance in the performance of thyroid surgery is emphasized.
Bacterial Content of the Gastric Juice
Authors: MacGregor A B , Ross P W 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
A survey has been made of the bacteria present in the gastric aspirate obtained from 280 preoperative and postoperative secretion studies. In the preoperative group viable bacteria were isolated from 41 per cent of patients, whereas in the postoperative group they were isolated from 73 per cent. The nature of the bacterial flora also differed in the two groups.
It is suggested that infected stomach contents may cause local sepsis following gastric surgery and that loss of the acid barrier may allow infection by pathogenic bacteria of the gut, producing postoperative diarrhoea.
Aorto-Caval Fistulae: An Uncommon Complication of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms
Authors: Reckless J P D , McColl I , Taylor G W 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Two cases of successfully treated aorto-caval fistula are described, brining the total number of reported cases to 71. Forty-one cases which were treated surgically are reviewed. The aetiology of the leg oedema is discussed.
Two Unusual Leg Ulcers
Authors: Fawcett A N , Harrison D A 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Two unusual leg “ulcers” are reported. The first represents an uncommon site for a basal-cell epithelioma, the atypicality of which is emphasized by its lymph-borne metastasis. The second, a fibrosarcoma, is an example of a rare type of malignant transformation occurring in a long-standing varicose ulcer.
Carcinoma of Colon Simulating Crohn's Disease
Authors: Stoodley B J , Mann C V 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Three cases are described where carcinomatous involvement of the colon was mistaken for Crohn's disease of the large bowel. The need to obtain histological proof is emphasized. Ascitc fluid should be examined histologically in patient dianosed as having Crohn's disease. Selective mesenteric angiography was used and is considered a valuable tool in diagnosis.
Surgical objectives in unresected cancer of the head of the pancreas
Authors: Elmslie R G , Slavotinek A H 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Twenty-seven patients with obstructive jaundice due to unresected cancer of the pancreas have been reviewed. The surgical objectives in treating this sort of patient were taken as the need to make a positive diagnosis and to palliate until death. There was failure to establish the diagnosis of cancer at operation (17 patients), failure to attain permanent biliary decompression (1 patient), failure to anticipate duodenal obstruction (3 patients), and failure to relieve pancreatic pain (8 patients). As a result of this review we have evolved a set of guide-lines which should be considered when treating patients with irresectable cancer of the pancreas.
The effect of the fibrinolytic inhibitor epsilonaminocaproic acid on the incidence of deep-vein thrombosis after prostatectomy
Authors: Gordon-Smith I C , Hickman J A , Masri S H El 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Sixty-two patients undergoing retropubic prostatectomy were examined for evidence of deep-vein thrombosis using the 125I-fibrinogen technique. Patients were allocated randomly into two groups. The first grops was given the fibrinolytic inhibitor epsilonminocaproic acid (EACA) during the perioperative period, while the second group of patients acted as a control. The administration of EACA did not increase the incidence of deep-vein thrombosis after prostatectomy. This finding is discussed together with the possible role of the fibrinolytic system i postoperative venous thrombo-embolic disease.
Abdominal tuberculosis
Authors: Gunn A , Keddie N C 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Twelve cases of abdominal tuberculosis are presented. They illustrate the great variability in the clinical features of this condition, making diagnosis extremely difficult. In particular, we draw attention to the problem of tuberculosis of the reticuloendothelial system in the abdomen. Biopsy and culture are essential at laparotomy if a correct diagnosis is to be made.
Dietary fat, dyspepsia, diarrhoea, and diabetes
Authors: Childs Peter 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
This paper postulates that fat intolerance is a widespread metabolic disorder characterized by impairment of glucose tolerance caused by excess dietary fat intake, and cured in most cases by the fat-free diet as defined in this paper.
Fat intolerance may present as flatulent dyspepsia, surgical disease or disorder in the biliary tract, peptic ulcertion, diarrhoea associated with spasm or diverticular disease of the colon or colitis, or as maturity-onset diabetes mellitus; one, two, or more of these syndromes may occur at the same or different times in the same patient. The dietary fat intake and the effect of the fat-free diet in each of these syndromes have been investigated, and the findings and their implications are discussed.
Treatment of disease and disorder in the biliary tract by sphincterotomy of the sphincter of Oddi in a series of 57 cases and of duodenal ulcer by pyloroplasty alone in 50 cases is reported. The results of treatment of duodenal ulcer by pyloroplasty alone in a series of 38 cases are compared with those after vagotomy and pyloroplasty in a similar series of 38 cases. Cure of peptic ulceration by pyloroplasty alone is reported, and vagotomy is considered to be unnecessary. The normal pylorus is defined, and the naked-eye appearances of the pylorus observed during 87 cholecystectomies are reported. The significance of these observations and of radiological abnormalities seen in routine barium-meal examinations of cases of disease or disorder in the biliary tract is discussed. Evidence is presented that the function of and pathological changes in the sphincter of Oddi and the pylorus are affected by the dietary fat intake and determine the absence or presence of abnormality in the biliary tract or of peptic ulceration respectively.
The clinical syndromes of fat-intolerant diarrhoea and its association with spasm of the colon, colitis, and diverticulitis, and of abdominal pain due to fat intolerance seen in a series of 17 children, are described as clinical entities.
The effect of the fat-free diet on glucose tolerance has been investigated in a series of 65 patients, and the significance of the increased tolerance observed has been assessed statistically. Four hundred and thirty-three glucose-tolerance tests have been performed to assess the change in glucose tolerance in 134 patients who had been on the fat-free diet for periods of 3 months to 2 years as treatment for dyspepsia due to disease or disorder of the biliary tract, peptic ulceration, diarrhoea associated with spasm of the colon, diverticulitis or colitis, obesity, and migraine. Among these patients were 23 who also suffered from diabetes mellitus. Cure of maturityonset diabetes mellitus by the fat-free diet is reported, and evidence is produced to show that it is an acquired abnormality of the metabolism caused by excess dietary fat intake.
The origin of phleboliths
Authors: Shemilt Philip 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Phleboliths originate as thrombi in the pelvic veins and are the result of injury to the vein wall.
Although in children the pelvic veins and venous plexuses may be protected by valves, these have disappeared in adult life. In 20 dissections in adult cadavers remnants of osteal valves were sometimes seen, but a functioning bicuspid valve was noted only once.
These unprotected veins are subjected to large and abrupt rises in pressure during normal acts of coughing and straining. Because of this the veins are distended and damage to the intima with the formation of a protective thrombus can occur.
A locally high concentration of phosphatase in the perivesical tissues would explain why these thrombi become calcified in the pelvis and why phleboliths are so rarely found elsewhere.
Mesenteric neurofibromatosis in childhood
Authors: Cywes S , Mayell Margaret J 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
A child is reported in whom severe malabsorptive symptoms were present from a short time after birth together with increasing pseudo-obstructive episodes. Total neurofibromatous involvement of the smallbowel mesentery was found at laparotomy at the age of 4½ years. The child survived a further 2¼ years. The relevant literature is discussed.
Nickel sensitivity to surgical skin clips
Authors: Tinckler Laurence F 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
A case of hitherto unrecorded skin sensitivity to surgical skin clips is reported. A sensitivity test revealed that the sensitivity was to the nickel constituent of the copper/nickel alloy of which surgical clips are manufactured. It is suggested that when the use of skin clips is anticipated inquiry should be made of the patient as to the previous experience of sensitivity to metal articles of attire and the use of skin clips consequently avoided if the reply is affirmative.
Experimental organ preservation
Authors: Calman K C , Bell P R F 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
An experimental model for the study of organ preservation based on the isolated, biologically perfused rat heart is described. Using this model a standard storage solution has been evolved for use with initial perfusion and hypothermic storage. This solution contains Dextran 40 and insulin. Various perfusion characteristics including pH and infusion volume have also been studied. This solution has been modified and compared with two currently available storage solutions–Collins's C4 solution and the Gelin technique–and found to be superior to both. The technique consists of two parts; first, the organ is flushed with 0.5 per cent lignocaine in a buffered solution and is then perfused with the Dextran-40-based solution containing insulin and lignocaine. Further modification of the solution to contain a high magnesium concentration has resulted in a further improvement in survival after storage. These results are now being confirmed in the dog kidney.
Ivalon (polyvinyl alcohol) sponge in the repair of complete rectal prolapse
Authors: Morgan Clifford Naunton , Porter Nigel H , Klugman David J 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
One hundred and fifty cases of complete rectal prolapse have been operated on using an Ivalonspong implant, the first case being over 13 years ago. Seventy per cent of the patients were over the age oof 60 years. The operation has a low mortality- and morbidity-rate. Repair using Ivalon sponge was 96 per cent successful in the cure of complete prolapse and the methood apears to stand the test of time well.
The effect of obstructive jaundice on the migration of reticulo-endothelial cells and fibroblasts into early experimental granulomata
Authors: Lee Emanoel 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Clinical and experimental evidence indicates that obstructive jaundice inhibits the healing of wounds. Experiments in the rat designed to investigate the migration of reticulo-endothelial and fibroblasts into experimental granulomata are described. Standard preparations of obstructive jaundice and controls were devised using Wistar rats. The effects of bile-duct obstruction and sham ligation are described. In another group of animals which was similarly prepared granuloma-pouch experiments were carried out by burying sterile cotton-wool pledgets of a known weight. These peledgets were removed from the jaundiced and control animals on the third, fifth, seventh, and ninth days after implantation, dried to remove the fluid component of the inflammatory process, and weighed on a microbalance. The weights were compared and it was found that a significant inhibition of weight increase occurred in the jaundiced animals during the first week, suggesting a delay in the migratory activity of reticuloendothelial cells and fibroblasts.
Ectopic thymic tissue presenting as a lateral cervical swelling
Authors: Finch D R A , Gough M H 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Two infants presented with a swelling inferior to the angle of the mandible. At exploration both swellings were identified macroscopically and by frozen section as normal thymic tissue. In the light of present knowledge of the function of this gland in this age-group excision was not performed.
Glomus jugulare tumours—radiotherapy or surgery?
Authors: Glover G W , Block J 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Seven patients with glomus tumours are described. Many authors still advocate surgery for these tumours, despite the excellent results obtained with radiotherapy. The results obtained by irradiation in the present series strongly support the view that it is the treatment of choice in large petrosal tumours and those with intracranial extension.