bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of Complex Nitrogen and Oxygen-bearing Molecules toward the High-mass Protostar IRAS 18089–1732
Authors: Manna Arijit , Pal Sabyasachi , Baug Tapas , Mondal Sougata 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The observation of oxygen (O)- and nitrogen (N)-bearing molecules gives an idea about the complex prebiotic chemistry in the interstellar medium. Recent millimeter and submillimeter wavelength observations have shown the presence of complex O- and N-bearing molecules in the star formation regions. So, the investigation of those molecules is crucial to understanding the chemical complexity in the star-forming regions. In this article, we present the identification of the rotational emission lines of N-bearing molecules ethyl cyanide (

C

2

H

5

CN

) and cyanoacetylene (HC3N), and O-bearing molecule methyl formate (CH3OCHO) toward high-mass protostar IRAS 18089–1732 using the Atacama Compact Array. We also detected the emission lines of both the N- and O-bearing molecule formamide (NH2CHO) in the envelope of IRAS 18089–1732. We have detected the v = 0 and 1 state rotational emission lines of CH3OCHO. We also detected the two vibrationally excited states of HC3N (v7 = 1 and v7 = 2). The estimated fractional abundances of

C

2

H

5

CN

, HC3N (v7 = 1), HC3N (v7 = 2), and NH2CHO toward IRAS 18089–1732 are (1.40 ± 0.5) × 10−10, (7.5 ± 0.7) × 10−11, (3.1 ± 0.4) × 10−11, and (6.25 ± 0.82) × 10−11 respectively. Similarly, the estimated fractional abundances of CH3OCHO (v = 0) and CH3OCHO (v = 1) are (1.90 ± 0.9) × 10−9 and (8.90 ± 0.8) × 10−10, respectively. We also created the integrated emission maps of the detected molecules, and the observed molecules may have originated from the extended envelope of the protostar. We show that

C

2

H

5

CN

and HC3N are most probably formed via the subsequential hydrogenation of the

CH

2

CHCN

and the reaction between C2H2 and CN on the grain surface of IRAS 18089–1732. We found that NH2CHO is probably produced due to the reaction between NH2 and H2CO in the gas phase. Similarly, CH3OCHO is possibly created via the reaction between radical CH3O and radical HCO on the grain surface of IRAS 18089–1732.
Time-History Analyses on the Effect of Partial Infill Walls on the Seismic Response of a Reinforced Concrete Frame Structure
Authors: Venghiac V M , Banu O M , Taranu G , Baetu S A 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Time-history analysis (THA) is based on direct step-by-step integration of the equation of motion in time domain considering as input either the recorded accelerograms of real or artificially generated earthquakes. Numerical simulations are sensitive in terms of material properties, geometry, boundary conditions and applied loading scenarios correct definition. Therefore, additional care is required in the pre-processing stage of the analysis when the numerical model is defined. Infill walls play an important role on the seismic behaviour of structures during earthquakes. The response of the structure to seismic action changes due to the presence of the infill walls. The paper presents the results obtained by means of THA on the effect of partial infill walls on the seismic response of a scaled-down RC frame structure subjected to four consecutive uniaxial seismic motions. The parameters of the research were the presence of the partial infill wall and the thickness of the wall. The obtained results are discussed from the point of view of maximum lateral displacements and response spectra expressed in terms of accelerations. The results contribute towards the setting up of the subsequent shake table tests of scaled-down RC frame models with different configurations that would validate and help calibrate the numerical model.
The impact of blast vibration on the site response
Authors: Ozkan Gulnisa , Dehghanian Kaveh 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In civil engineering, one of the main problems is the stability of structures. Blast vibrations can be one of several elements influencing the stability of these structures. In order to prevent any effects on the structures, the maximum suggested values of the peak particle velocity and frequency from the blast are generally determined using the existing appropriate government rules and industry standards as reference. In this paper, the effect of these vibration on the site response has been investigated. Parameters such as peak ground acceleration, Pseudo spectral acceleration and maximum stress and strain has been compared for two different soil models. The results indicate that the soft soil has a significant impact and amplifies the input parameters considerably.
Evaluation of bridge load capacity using proof-load tests
Authors: Brinissat M , Ray R P , Kuti R 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
A proof-load test is often necessary to accurately measure the field behavior of a bridge structure. A new segmental steel bridge has been constructed over the Tisza River in Hungary. The bridge comprises of two independent steel box girders assembled by a welding system. Engineers performed proof load tests before opening the structure to evaluate its load-carrying capacity and deck deflection. This paper presents several aspects of the load testing and evaluation of the bridge structure under static and dynamic loads using a rating factor (RF) approach compared to a baseline finite element model. The load test results helped to calibrate the model and verify the method. The study reveals that the tested bridge has an elastic behavior, a high capacity, and adequate dynamic performance.
Finite element analysis on composite steel-concrete shear walls with centered and staggered openings
Authors: Todea V , Popescu V , Dan D , Florut S C , Stoian V 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Present paper presents a comparative study made on the seismic performance of composite steel-concrete shear walls with rectangular openings, by performing numerical analyses using ATENA 3D software. Two specimens were designed at a reduced scale 1:3 having similar arrangements in the cross-section and the same geometry. First element was conceived with centered openings while the second one was designed with staggered openings. Steel connectors disposed as horizontal stiffeners were used to design and to assure the full connection between the structural steel profiles embedded in the edges and the concrete core. The openings that were considered on each story of the walls, were having the dimension of a common architectural door. A part of the results recorded from the experimental tests were used to calibrate the numerical models. This study aims to establish the seismic performance and to investigate the influence of the openings and the geometric position on the overall seismic behavior of the composite shear walls. Key parameters which describe the seismic performance of structural elements such: bearing capacity, deformation capacity, stiffness degradation, cracks and strain development are compared between the specimens and discussed. The results showed that different arrangements of the openings could significantly modify or increase the seismic performance of the composite structural walls.
A design tool for the analysis of reinforced and prestressed concrete columns
Authors: Kovacs B , Toader T-N 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This article aims to describe an automatic calculation algorithm developed for the analysis of reinforced concrete and / or prestressed concrete columns. The article describes two analysis types: sectional analysis and analysis on the element. The sectional analysis consists in the generation of three characteristic curves: bending moment - curvature (M-1/r), axial force - bending moment (N-M) and bending moment – bending stiffness diagrams. The analysis on the element provides the height – displacement (H-w) diagram, obtained by using the finite element method (FEM). For the two analysis, the calculation approach and the implementation of the algorithm is briefly described by the mathematical equations used. To ease the usage of the algorithm an application was developed in MATLAB appDesigner. For validating the algorithm, the results were compared with those obtained from experimental tests in the laboratory but also with numerical simulations using commercial computational software based on FEM. MATLAB programming language was used to implement the algorithm, while results of the analysis proved to be conservative when compared to the experimental ones. Moreover, the bending moment resistance for prestressed concrete columns using bonded tendons is better estimated with at least 10% when compared with a commercial software, based on fiber-based cross-section nonlinear analysis.
The Use of Artificial Neural Network for Predicting the Thermal Conductivity of Cement Based Mortar with Natural Zeolites
Authors: Covatariu G , Toma I O , Alexa-Stratulat S M , Covatariu D , Bunea G , Olteanu I 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Zeolites, in their natural state, have been used in construction materials since ancient times. The pozzolanic activity of zeolites and their use as supplementary cementitious materials has been investigated over the past three decades. The indoor comfort provided by a modern life style comes at a cost of consuming enormous amounts of energy. Materials with improved insulation properties are continuously researched and the use of zeolites showing encouraging results. The paper presents experimental results obtained on different cement-based mortar mixes incorporating natural zeolites. The main parameters of the research were: substitution of cement and sand by natural zeolites, three different replacement percentages for cement and sand (10%, 20% and 30%) and the curing age of mortar specimens (14 days, 21 days and 28 days). An artificial neural network (ANN) was developed to predict the values of the thermal conductivity by taking into account parameters such as density, humidity and surface temperature of the mortar samples. The ANN was able to accurately predict the experimental results for the thermal conductivity of cement-based mortars with natural zeolites.
Environmental and Economic Sustainability Indicators for External Walls
Authors: Miltiade P C , Baran I , Dumitrescu L , Entuc I S , Pescaru R A 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The current context of the intensification of climate changes, on one hand, and the sharp increase in prices in the buildings sector, on the other, impose the need to find solutions that considers both economic and environmental protection aspects.
This paper proposes a method of evaluating the solutions most often used today in Romania for the exterior walls in single-family residential buildings based on a global index that takes into account both environmental performances (adjusted thermal resistance, carbon footprint) as well as the economic ones (costs).
Ecologization of Waste from the Steel Industry in Civil Engineering Works
Authors: Iriciuc S C , Gimiga G R , Găluşcă N I , Dima D N , Scutaru M C , Boacă Gh 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The massive industrialization of the last century has come with the drawback of creating large waste deposits. Over the past century, steel mills have generated significant quantities of steel slag, deposited in heaps that occupy vast land areas. The desire to recycle steel slag arises from both ecological and economic interests. To achieve this goal in the steel industry, it was necessary to recycle steel slag (waste from the technological process of steel production) by using them as aggregates in civil constructions. In this work, the optimal option will be determined based on the mathematical modelling of the main physical-mechanical characteristics of the asphalt mixtures used in wear layers made with steel slag aggregates in comparison with classic asphalt mixtures.
Improving pressure monitoring and control in order to reduce water loss in water urban public systems
Authors: Stătescu F , Boboc V , Tatu G , Sârbu G C , Marcoie N , Toma D 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Water losses from distribution systems are present in all situations. Reducing them to zero is impossible. Modern technologies for operating water distribution networks are an effective means of reducing water losses. In this sense, the conducted research aimed at testing some solutions to improve the monitoring and control of pressure in a distribution network. The mathematical model of the water distribution network was developed and calibrated (Mike Urban application) and the hydraulic modeling of the network was carried out. The results were obtained through: periodic simulations with the help of the monitoring application; comparisons for flow and pressure values, data collected from field measurements, data obtained from SCADA application. These complex analyzes allow the identification, in the shortest possible time, of existing problems and areas with losses.
Hydrodynamic modelling and simulation of the variation of the water quality parameters of the Bahlui River
Authors: Tătaru L , Hrăniciuc T A , Stătescu F , Marcoie N , Vârlan (Toma) C M , Mitroi R. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
For the simulation of hydrodynamic changes and pollutant dispersion in the study area, an appropriate model was applied using the DHI series software. Flows were modelled using the hydrodynamic model and the hydrological model, and water quality was modelled using MIKE 11 ECO LAB. The paper presents a simulation for the water quality of the Bahlui River. Mike 11 contains a GIS map and simulation editors. Water quality parameters such as temperature, dissolved oxygen and biochemical oxygen demand were simulated. Modelling results can be used as a planning tool to help decision makers during different phases.
Structural distortion and dynamical electron correlation driven enhanced ferromagnetism in Ni-doped two-dimensional Fe5GeTe2 beyond room temperature
Authors: Ghosh Sukanya , Ershadrad Soheil , Sanyal Biplab 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Achieving beyond room-temperature ferromagnetism in two-dimensional (2D) magnets is immensely desirable for spintronic applications. Fe5GeTe2 is an exceptional van der Waals metallic ferromagnet due to its tunable physical properties and relatively higher Curie temperature (

T

C

) than other 2D magnets. Using density functional theory combined with dynamical electron correlation and Monte Carlo simulations, we find the

T

C

of (Fe

1
−
δ

Ni

δ

)

5

GeTe2 monolayer can increase up to ∼400 K at

δ
∼
0.20

(δ: fractional occupation). Two specific Fe sublattices are identified to be the most energetically preferred sites to host Ni. Exchange interactions between particular Fe pairs play a dominating role in controlling

T

C

, influenced by the dopant-induced structural distortions. Dynamical electron correlation induces site- and orbital-specific quasi-particle mass of Fe-d states with varying Ni concentrations. This work provides fundamental insights into 2D magnetism as an interplay of structural and electronic aspects and would guide to tailoring exciting magnetic phenomena in similar systems.
A hybrid 1D CNN-BiLSTM model for epileptic seizure detection using multichannel EEG feature fusion
Authors: Ravi Swathy , Radhakrishnan Ashalatha 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Epilepsy, a chronic non-communicable disease is characterized by repeated unprovoked seizures, which are transient episodes of abnormal electrical activity in the brain. While Electroencephalography (EEG) is considered as the gold standard for diagnosis in current clinical practice, manual inspection of EEG is time consuming and biased. This paper presents a novel hybrid 1D CNN-Bi LSTM feature fusion model for automatically detecting seizures. The proposed model leverages spatial features extracted by one dimensional convolutional neural network and temporal features extracted by bi directional long short-term memory network. Ictal and inter ictal data is first acquired from the long multichannel EEG record. The acquired data is segmented and labelled using small fixed windows. Signal features are then extracted from the segments concurrently by the parallel combination of CNN and Bi-LSTM. The spatial and temporal features thus captured are then fused to enhance classification accuracy of model. The approach is validated using benchmark CHB-MIT dataset and 5-fold cross validation which resulted in an average accuracy of 95.90%, with precision 94.78%, F1 score 95.95%. Notably model achieved average sensitivity of 97.18% with false positivity rate at 0.05/hr. The significantly lower false positivity and false negativity rates indicate that the proposed model is a promising tool for detecting seizures in epilepsy patients. The employed parallel path network benefits from memory function of Bi-LSTM and strong feature extraction capabilities of CNN. Moreover, eliminating the need for any domain transformation or additional preprocessing steps, model effectively reduces complexity and enhances efficiency, making it suitable for use by clinicians during the epilepsy diagnostic process.
Entanglement entropy of the maximum geminal of the BCS ground state
Authors: Higuchi Katsuhiko , Tanno Itsuki , Ito Ryo , Higuchi Masahiko 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
From the viewpoint of the Bose–Einstein condensation (BEC) of the fermion system, the maximum geminal of the second-order reduced density matrix of the superconducting state exactly corresponds to the Cooper pair. In this paper the entanglement entropy (EE) for the maximum geminal of the BCS ground state is evaluated. The EE behaves logarithmically with respect to the number of the maximum geminal. Furthermore, the disappearance point of superconductivity is defined on the basis of the fermion BEC. In the superconducting ground state, almost all electrons in the energy width of the gap parameter near the Fermi level are condensed as a maximum geminal. They suddenly change to normal electrons with a finite gap of the EE at the disappearance point like a first-order phase transition.
Site-selective cobalt substitution in La–Co co-substituted magnetoplumbite-type ferrites: 59Co-NMR and DFT calculation study
Authors: Nakamura Hiroyuki , Ohta Hiroto , Kobayashi Ryuya , Waki Takeshi , Tabata Yoshikazu , Ikeno Hidekazu , Mény Christian 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The La–Co co-substituted magnetoplumbite-type (M-type) ferrites AFe12O19 (A = Ca, Sr and Ba, ion sizes Ca2+

<

Sr2+

<

Ba2+) with Co compositions around 0.2 have been subjected to 59Co-NMR. The results show that Co occupies the 4f1, 2a and 12k sites, and that the smaller the A ion, the more Co tends to occupy the 4f1 minority spin site, which is effective in enhancing both uniaxial anisotropy and magnetisation. First-principles total energy calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) of undoped AFe12O19 and a supercell (

2
×
2
×
1

of the unit cell) in which 1/96 of Fe3+ is replaced by Co2+ were performed to predict the stable structure and Co occupancy sites. The results show that regardless of A, Co is most stable when it occupies the 4f1 site, followed by the 2a and 12k sites with energy differences on the order of 100 meV, and Co practically does not occupy the 2b and 4f2 sites. As the A ion becomes smaller, the energy difference when Co occupies each Fe site tends to increase, and the Co occupancy of the 4f1 site also increases. The site selectivity of Co can be roughly explained as a result of the difference in uniaxial strain along the c-axis associated with the difference in A. However, the influence of the A ion differs between the R and S blocks and the local strain also has a secondary effect on the Co distribution. Based on these results, the guidelines for improving the performance (anisotropy and magnetisation) of La–Co co-substituted M-type ferrite magnets with a limited amount of Co can be summarised as follows: It is effective to select as small A ions as possible and to post-anneal at low temperature or cool slowly to concentrate Co at the 4f1 site in tetrahedral coordination.
Participatory research in energy justice: guiding principles and practice
Authors: Castro-Diaz Laura , Nwadiaru Ogechi Vivian , Roque Anaís , Caverly Nick , Kenner Ali , Harper Krista 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This perspective explores the imperative role of participatory research (PR) in advancing energy justice. We argue that using PR methods and principles at the intersection of energy and equity is a critical research advantage. Here, we contend that PR frameworks are integral to bridging the gap between energy justice theory and practice, emphasizing the need to move beyond decontextualized principles to address specific injustices related to race, class, gender, and coloniality. We present three energy justice case studies that used participatory approaches in diverse contexts: Amazon, Brazil; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; and Holyoke, Massachusetts, USA. These cases showcase the versatility of PR methods in understanding and addressing unique energy challenges within local communities. We highlight guiding principles of PR, emphasizing the importance of prioritizing community needs, respecting diverse expertise, building trust, designing for transparency and accountability, choosing appropriate methods, adapting and being flexible, and aiming for long-term collaboration. Lastly, our perspective suggests future directions for participatory energy justice research, including the potential for PR to inform multiscalar policy, practice, and advocacy. We underscore the importance of collaborations between university researchers and community organizations through citizen science, emphasizing the need for diverse disciplinary perspectives to effectively address complex energy justice challenges.