bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of laminin‐1 on intestinal cell differentiation involves inhibition of nuclear nucleolin
Authors: Turck Natacha , Lefebvre Olivier , Gross Isabelle , Gendry Patrick , Kedinger Michèle , Simon‐Assmann Patricia , Launay Jean‐François 
Published: October 2005

AbstractIntestinal epithelial cells are characterized by continuous renewal and differentiation events, which may be influenced by the basement membrane, and in particular laminins, which are major components of this specialized extracellular matrix. The function and signaling pathways of laminins in these processes are still poorly documented. In this study, we investigated the possible role and the subcellular localization of nucleolin, a nuclear shuttling protein, in relation to differentiation of human intestinal epithelial Caco2/TC7 cells triggered by exogenous laminin‐1. Immunofluorescence and Western blot analysis indicated that laminin‐1 induced early differentiation of the cells concomitantly to a decrease in nuclear nucleolin and its a cell surface location. We also showed that both effects of laminin‐1 on Caco2/TC7 cells—induction of the differentiation marker sucrase‐isomaltase and redistribution of nucleolin—could be mediated by a β1‐integrin dependent cascade that implicated activation of the p38 MAPK pathway. In addition, knock‐down of nucleolin expression by the small interfering RNA strategy mimicked the effect of laminin‐1 as it resulted in the induction of cell polarization and differentiation. Thus, our study suggests that changes in the subcellular distribution and expression level of nucleolin play an important role in intestinal cell differentiation and relay the signaling pathway induced by laminin‐1. J. Cell. Physiol. 206: 545–555, 2006. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
MyoD recruits the cdk9/cyclin T2 complex on Myogenic‐genes regulatory regions
Authors: Giacinti Cristina , Bagella Luigi , Puri Pier Lorenzo , Giordano Antonio , Simone Cristiano 
Published: October 2005

AbstractDuring skeletal myogenesis, muscle‐regulatory factors bHLH and MEF2 promote the expression of muscle‐specific genes by recruiting several chromatin‐modifying complexes on specific DNA regulatory sequences. A number of MyoD‐interacting proteins have been reported, but whether they are recruited to the chromatin of myogenic loci, and the relationship with other chromatin bound proteins is unknown. We show that MyoD recruits cdk9/cyclin T2, together with the histone acetyltransferases p300 and PCAF, and the chromatin remodeling complex SWI/SNF, on promoters and enhancers of muscle‐specific genes, and that this event correlates with the acetylation of histone tails, remodeling of chromatin, and phosphorylation of the C‐terminal domain (CTD) of the RNA polymerase II at these elements. J.Cell.Physiol. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Polypeptide encoded by mouse ZP3 exon‐7 Is Necessary and Sufficient for binding of mouse sperm in vitro
Authors: Williams Zev , Litscher Eveline S. , Jovine Luca , Wassarman Paul M. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractFertilization in mice is initiated by species‐specific binding of sperm to mZP3, one of three mouse zona pellucida (ZP) glycoproteins. At nanomolar concentrations, purified egg mZP3 binds to acrosome‐intact sperm heads and inhibits binding of sperm to eggs in vitro. Although several reports suggest that sperm recognize and bind to a region of mZP3 encoded by mZP3 exon‐7 (so‐called, sperm combining‐site), this issue remains controversial. Here, exon‐swapping and an IgG(Fc) fusion construct were used to further evaluate whether mZP3 exon‐7 is essential for binding of sperm to mZP3. In one set of experiments, hamster ZP3 (hZP3) exon‐6, ‐7, and ‐8 were individually replaced with the corresponding exon of mZP3. Stably transfected embryonal carcinoma (EC) cell lines carrying the recombinant genes were produced and secreted recombinant glycoprotein was purified and assayed for the ability to inhibit binding of sperm to eggs. While EC‐hZP3, a recombinant form of hZP3 made by EC cells, is unable to inhibit binding of mouse sperm to eggs in vitro, the results suggest that substitution of mZP3 exon‐7 for hZP3 exon‐7, but not mZP3 exon‐6 or ‐8, can impart inhibitory activity to EC‐hZP3. In this context, a fusion construct consisting of human IgG(Fc) and mZP3 exon‐7 and ‐8 was prepared, an EC cell line carrying the recombinant gene was produced, and secreted chimeric glycoprotein, called EC‐huIgG(Fc)/mZP3(7), was purified and assayed. It was found that the chimeric glycoprotein binds specifically to plasma membrane overlying sperm heads to a similar extent as egg mZP3 and, at nanomolar concentrations, inhibits binding of mouse sperm to eggs in vitro. Collectively, these observations provide new evidence that sperm recognize and bind to a region of mZP3 polypeptide immediately downstream of its ZP domain that is encoded by mZP3 exon‐7. The implications of these findings are discussed. J. Cell. Physiol. 207: 30–39, 2006. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hamiltonian cycles and paths with a prescribed set of edges in hypercubes and dense sets
Authors: Caha Rostislav , Koubek V. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThis paper studies techniques of finding hamiltonian paths and cycles in hypercubes and dense sets of hypercubes. This problem is, in general, easily solvable but here the problem was modified by the requirement that a set of edges has to be used in such path or cycle. The main result of this paper says that for a given n, any sufficiently large hypercube contains a hamiltonian path or cycle with prescribed n edges just when the family of the edges satisfies certain natural necessary conditions. Analogous results are presented for dense sets. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory
Analogue forecasting of New Zealand climate anomalies
Authors: Mullan A. Brett , Thompson Craig S. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractAn analogue forecast scheme is described for multifield prediction of monthly and seasonal New Zealand climate anomalies on the basis of the methodology of Livezey and Barnston (1988) for US seasonal temperatures. The method is applied to predicting terciles of temperature and precipitation for six regions of New Zealand. Empirical orthogonal function analysis is used to reduce sea surface temperature and sea‐level pressure predictors down to a set of five independent indices, which incorporate variations due to El Niño‐Southern Oscillation, Indian Ocean sea temperatures and a wave 3 pattern in the Southern Hemisphere westerlies. A full bootstrap cross‐validation procedure is carried out, along with Monte Carlo tests, to assess the skill of the method on independent data and to determine the significance of the results. Significant skill is found for seasonal temperature forecasts for the summer and winter seasons; there is less success in predicting monthly temperatures or rainfall at either timescale. Considerable care is required to constrain the climate state vector, from which analogues are defined, and to constrain the search procedure itself, in order to produce results that are stable with respect to small parameter changes in the model. For the New Zealand region, 5 to 7 is found to be the optimum number of ‘closest analogues’, and the inclusion of anti‐analogues improves the predictions, at least in the seasonal case. Skill in predicting regional temperature and rainfall is shown to be related to a combination of skill in predicting sea‐level pressure patterns and to how strongly these patterns project onto temperature and rainfall anomalies. Copyright © 2005 Royal Meteorological Society.
Our approach to pediatric dermatologic laser surgery
Authors: Chapas Anne M. , Geronemus Roy G. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesMany pediatric dermatological conditions may be successfully treated with laser surgery.Study Design/Materials and MethodsThe clinical approach to various pediatric dermatological conditions utilizing laser treatment options is discussed.ResultsClinical uses of various modalities such as pulsed dye laser, KTP laser, Nd‐YAG laser, Q‐switched ruby laser, erbium‐YAG laser, diode laser, non‐coherent blue light sources, and fractional resurfacing are presented with successful parameters, developed over 22 years, utilized on a daily basis in a laser surgery clinic.ConclusionLaser surgery can make a significant improvement in many pediatric skin lesions, thanks to the unique properties of pediatric skin and a vast array of laser technologies. Lasers Surg. Med. 37:255–263, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A Novel Injectable Poly(ε‐caprolactone)/Calcium Sulfate System for Bone Regeneration: Synthesis and Characterization
Authors: La Gatta Annalisa , De Rosa Alfredo , Laurienzo Paola , Malinconico Mario , De Rosa Mario , Schiraldi Chiara 
Published: October 2005

AbstractSummary: A novel poly(ε‐caprolactone)/calcium sulfate system was prepared and characterized in order to enhance calcium sulfate (gypsum) performance as bone graft substitute overcoming its brittleness and fast resorption rate. A poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL) photo‐crosslinkable derivative (PCLf) was synthesized by reaction of a low molecular weight PCL diol with methacryloyl chloride and confirmed by FT‐IR and 1H NMR analyses. An injectable and easy mouldable mixture of PCLf and calcium sulfate hemi‐hydrate (PCLf/CHS) was obtained. Thermal analyses and solvent extraction proved the occurrence of PCLf photo‐crosslinking, even in the presence of CHS, in a time suitable for clinical applications. Swelling studies demonstrated that the encapsulation of the inorganic filler increases network hydrophilicity making it more permeable to water. Scanning electron microscopy, performed on crosslinked PCLf/CHS and on the same material after incubation in a PBS solution, showed the feasibility to obtain, in situ, gypsum entrapped into a degradable polymeric network. In vitro cytotoxicity tests, performed according to ISO 10993‐5, proved that the developed system was not cytotoxic supporting its potential use in tissue engineering as a new, injectable, photocurable bone graft material.SEM micrograph of calcium sulfate di‐hydrate (gypsum) entrapped in the PCL network.magnified imageSEM micrograph of calcium sulfate di‐hydrate (gypsum) entrapped in the PCL network.
pH‐induced Micelle Formation of Poly(histidine‐co‐phenylalanine)‐block‐Poly(ethylene glycol) in Aqueous Media
Authors: Kim Goo Myun , Bae You Han , Jo Won Ho 
Published: October 2005

AbstractSummary:Poly[(L‐histidine)‐co‐(L‐phenylalanine)]‐block‐poly(ethylene glycol) (HF‐b‐PEG) diblock copolymers were synthesized to be used for preparation of pH‐sensitive polymeric micelles. First, HF block was synthesized by ring opening copolymerization ofL‐histidine andL‐phenylalanineN‐carboxyanhydride, and then the resulting copolymer was coupled with PEG. The pKavalue of diblock copolymer can be controlled by adjusting the histidine/phenylalanine ratio in HF block. It is observed that the block copolymers form micelles in aqueous media and that the micelles are spherical in shape with a unimodal distribution. The micelle is formed at pH higher than pKaof block copolymer while it is not formed at lower pH. This is because the protonation of histidine residue in the HF block converts the hydrophobic core into hydrophilic one at lower pH.Acid‐Base titration profile of HF41(5600)‐b‐PEG, HF56(5500)‐b‐PEG, H(5100)‐b‐PEG and 0.1 N NaCl.magnified imageAcid‐Base titration profile of HF41(5600)‐b‐PEG, HF56(5500)‐b‐PEG, H(5100)‐b‐PEG and 0.1 N NaCl.
Correlation between Solid‐State Structures and Enzymatic Degradability of Cocrystallized Blends
Authors: Hirota Yuuki , Yoshie Naoko , Ishii Nariaki , Kasuya Ken‐ichi , Inoue Yoshio 
Published: October 2005

AbstractSummary: Solid‐state structures and enzymatic degradability have been investigated for cocrystallized blends between poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyvalerate) [PHBV] and poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxypropionate) [PHBP]. From wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction patterns, small‐angle X‐ray scattering data, and the comparison of the enzymatic degradability of these blends, the solid‐state structures of PHBV/PHBP blend samples, in which the PHBV component has higher isothermal crystal growth rate (G) value than the PHBP one, might be similar to those of the component PHBVs; while those of the PHBP/PHBV blend samples, in which PHBP component has higher G value, were similar to the component PHBPs.Normalized one‐dimensional correlation functions γ(x) of PHBV/PHBP binary blends crystallized at 90 °C.magnified imageNormalized one‐dimensional correlation functions γ(x) of PHBV/PHBP binary blends crystallized at 90 °C.
Synthesis and Antioxidant Efficiency of a New Copolymer Containing Phosphorylated Myo‐Inositol
Authors: Iemma Francesca , Trombino Sonia , Puoci Francesco , Cirillo Giuseppe , Spizzirri Umile Gianfranco , Muzzalupo Rita , Picci Nevio 
Published: October 2005

AbstractSummary: New data are constantly gathered to show the role of oxidative stress and the involvement of reactive oxygen species in the pathogenesis of degenerative diseases. InsP6 is able to coordinate iron metal in order to prevent iron‐catalyzed free radical formation. The aim of the present paper is to describe a new synthetic strategy in order to prepare a polymeric structure containing chemical functions able to coordinate iron ions. Here, we report the synthesis of a copolymer containing phosphorylated myo‐inositol groups and we evaluate its antioxidant efficiency. Such a system was synthesized by binding chemical groups susceptible of radical polymerization to myo‐inositol. The synthesized monomer was copolymerized with N,N‐dimethylacrylamide (DMAA) (molar ratio 1:3) and submitted to exhaustive phosphorylation. The reaction was proved by an assay specific for phosphate groups. Finally, we evaluated the copolymer's ability in inhibiting lipid peroxidation in rat liver microsomal membranes. This study showed that the designed macromolecular system is particularly effective as antioxidant.
magnified image
Intrinsic Adhesion Properties of Poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) to Pharmaceutical Materials: Humidity Effect
Authors: Lee Jonghwi 
Published: October 2005

AbstractSummary: Poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) is widely used for bioengineering and pharmaceutical applications, and its adhesion characteristics are critical. When used as a binder in pharmaceutical granulation, it covers the resultant granules and governs their surface properties. The intrinsic adhesion forces of PVP toward common hydrophobic (magnesium stearate) and hydrophilic (lactose) pharmaceutical materials have been studied as a function of relative humidity (RH). The effect of RH on adhesion force was more significant for the PVP/hydrophilic material than the PVP/hydrophobic material. Adhesion was lowest between 20 and 40% RH, and it increased at RH above 40% and below 20%. This is likely to be due to the development of capillary and triboelectrification forces, respectively. In a nano‐indentation experiment using a silicon tip at room temperature, the PVP surface underwent a glass transition at 70% RH. This result suggests that surface softening contributes to the increased PVP adhesion at RH above 70%. To adjust the adhesion properties of PVP, humidity control should be an essential part of research and development.Effect of humidity on the adhesion forces between PVP and lactose (LT) or magnesium stearate (MS).magnified imageEffect of humidity on the adhesion forces between PVP and lactose (LT) or magnesium stearate (MS).
Reactive Compatibilization of Melt Mixed PA6/SWNT Composites: Mechanical Properties and Morphology
Authors: Bhattacharyya Arup R. , Pötschke Petra , Häußler Liane , Fischer Dieter 
Published: October 2005

AbstractSummary: Styrene maleic anhydride copolymer (SMA) encapsulated single wall carbon nanotubes (SWNT) were melt mixed with polyamide 6 (PA6) utilizing an interfacial reaction in order to disperse SWNT homogeneously and to enhance interfacial adhesion. The intended reactive coupling between PA6 and SMA was evident from IR spectroscopy. Raman spectroscopy was used to characterize the SWNT and the nanocomposites. Studies on crystallization behavior showed the nucleating behavior of SWNT in the composites, as found using DSC and WAXD. The encapsulation of SWNT by SMA copolymer leads to increased elongation at break in the composites, which can be attributed to the enhanced interfacial adhesion between PA6 and SMA modified SWNT as observed from the SEM investigation of tensile fractured surfaces of PA6/SWNT+SMA composites. The glass transition temperature of PA6 increased significantly in the composites.Tensile fractured surface of SMA encapsulated PA6/SWNT composites.magnified imageTensile fractured surface of SMA encapsulated PA6/SWNT composites.
Photopolymerization of Reactive Mesogens
Authors: Thiem Heiko , Strohriegl Peter , Shkunov Maxim , McCulloch Iain 
Published: October 2005

AbstractSummary: The photopolymerization of two reactive mesogens with photopolymerizable acrylate endgroups, the methyl substituted 1,4‐phenylene‐bis{4‐[6‐(acryloyloxy)hexyloxy]benzoate} 1 and acrylic acid 6‐{4‐[6‐(6‐acryloyloxyhexyloxy)naphthalen‐2‐yl]‐phenoxy}hexyl ester 2 has been investigated using Photo‐DSC measurements. Photocrosslinking of 1 in the nematic phase at 100 °C leads to a final conversion of 87% of the acrylate groups. It is possible to perform photopolymerization with very small amounts of photoinitiator. Even with 0.001% (10 ppm) of photoinitiator, 47% of the acrylate groups polymerize within 15 min. The polymerization of the reactive mesogen 2 proceeds faster in the smectic A phase at 100 °C compared to the isotropic phase at 120 °C and leads to a higher conversion of 75%. This can be explained by an increased local concentration of the acrylate groups between the layers of the smectic cores.Photopolymerization of reactive mesogens.magnified imagePhotopolymerization of reactive mesogens.
A Facile One‐Pot Synthesis to Dextran‐Based Nanoparticles with Carboxy Functional Groups
Authors: Dou Hongjing , Tang Minhua , Sun Kang 
Published: October 2005

AbstractSummary: Stabilized nanoparticles functionalized with carboxy groups were synthesized directly from dextran and acrylic acid (AA), without using any organic solvent and surfactant. The composition and morphology of these dextran‐based nanoparticles, as well as the mechanism of this one‐pot synthesis, were also investigated in this paper. This approach is anticipated to be applicable to various water‐soluble polysaccharides to fabricate nanoparticles facilely.Facile synthesis of stabilized nanoparticles functionalized with carboxy groups from dextran and AA.magnified imageFacile synthesis of stabilized nanoparticles functionalized with carboxy groups from dextran and AA.
Reactively Modified Poly(lactic acid): Properties and Foam Processing
Authors: Di Yingwei , Iannace Salvatore , Di Maio Ernesto , Nicolais Luigi 
Published: October 2005

AbstractSummary: In order to produce modified poly(lactic acid) (PLA) resins for applications requiring high melt viscosity and elasticity (e.g., low‐density foaming, thermoforming), a commercial PLA product has been reactively modified in melt by sequentially adding 1,4‐butanediol and 1,4‐butane diisocyanate as low‐molecular‐weight chain extenders. By varying amounts of the two chain extenders associated to the end group contents of PLA, three resulted samples were obtained. They were then structurally characterized by FTIR spectroscopy and molecular structure analysis. Their thermal, dynamic mechanical thermal properties and melt viscoelastic properties were investigated and compared along with unmodified PLA. The results indicated that chemical modification may be characterized as chain scission, extension, crosslinking, or any combination of the three depending on the chain extender amounts. The increase of PLA molecular weight could be obtained by properly controlling amounts of two chain extenders. The samples with increased molecular weights showed enhanced melt viscosity and elasticity. Such property improvements promised a successful application for modified PLA in a batch foam processing by producing foams with reduced cell size, increased cell density and lowered bulk foam density in comparison with plain PLA foam.Cellular morphology of a modified PLA foam.imageCellular morphology of a modified PLA foam.
Mechanical Response of Thermoset Polymers under High Compressive Loads, 1
Authors: Ståhlberg Daniel , Nordin Lars‐Olof , Varna Janis , Johansson Mats 
Published: October 2005

AbstractSummary: The present study describes the mechanical response of thermoset polymers under high compressive loads. A well‐defined free radically cured vinyl ester resin has been used and studied in six different geometries in order to determine the dependence of apparent mechanical properties on the particular size and shape of a sample. The mechanical response in compression has also been compared to the response in tensile tests. Variation of the film thickness, boundary conditions and loading conditions reveal that there is a significant effect on the mechanical performance (apparent properties) of the polymer. When the thickness‐to‐width ratio of the sample is reduced in a compression test, the friction between the sample and the compression plates proves to be of great importance. The yield stress increases dramatically when the thickness of the sample is reduced, whereas it decreases when the friction between sample and the compression plate is reduced. The creep decreases when the thickness of the material is reduced and it decreases even more due to reaction of the material surrounding the compressed part of the sample. The described test conditions and observed phenomena will be subject to simulation in Part 2 of this study.Mechanical performance of a thermoset polymer under high compressive loads.imageMechanical performance of a thermoset polymer under high compressive loads.
Conducting Shape Memory Polyurethane‐Polypyrrole Composites for an Electroactive Actuator
Authors: Sahoo Nanda Gopal , Jung Yong Chae , Goo Nam Seo , Cho Jae Whan 
Published: October 2005

AbstractSummary: Electroactive shape memory composites were prepared using polyurethane block copolymer and conducting polypyrrole by chemical oxidative polymerization. The electrical conductivity, thermal and mechanical properties, and morphology of the composites were investigated, and a voltage‐triggered shape memory effect was demonstrated. The polyurethane synthesized had a transition temperature near 46 °C. The presence of polypyrrole increased the conductivity of the composites, and a high conductivity of the order of 10−2 S/cm was obtained at 6–20 wt.‐% polypyrrole. Such a conductivity of composites was enough to show electroactive shape recovery by heating above the transition temperature of 40–45 °C due to melting of the polycaprolactone soft segment domain. Thus a good shape recovery of 85–90% could be obtained in the shape recovery test with bending mode when an electric field of 40 V was applied.Electroactive shape recovery behavior of PU/PPy composite.imageElectroactive shape recovery behavior of PU/PPy composite.