bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Studies of the Absorption Spectra of Azo Dyes and their Metalcomplexes. IV. The Effects of Substituents on the Absorption Spectra of Chromium (III)- and Cobalt (III)-complexes of Phenolazoacetoacetanilides
Authors: Yagi Yoshiharu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The electronic absorption spectra of the series of metallized phenolazoacetoacetanilides have been investigated.
The substituent, in the o- or p- position to the M–O (M, central metal; O, phenolic oxygen) bond, generally alters the polarity of the M–O bond. On the other hand, the substituent, in the m-position to the M–O bond, i.e., the p-position to the hydrazone group, mainly contributes to the dπ-pπ interaction between the hydrazone group and the central metal atom.
The effects of such substituents upon the shifts of the A bands are more pronounced in the cobalt (III)-complexes than in the chromium-(III)-complexes, because the former complexes have the stable five-membered chelate rings involving the highly covalent Co–O (O, phenolic oxygen) bonds.
Magnetic Study of the Amino Group
Authors: Sriraman S , Shanmugasundaram D 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The diamagnetic susceptibilities of several aliphatic and aromatic amines have been determined. The susceptibility contribution, of NH21+ is evaluated from the noninteracting aliphatic amines, and this value is used for calculation of χM of aromatic amines. The exaltations are attributed to the interactions in the system. An anomalous value for N3+ ion is obtained.
Kinetics of Hydrolytic Reaction Catalyzed by Crystalline Bacterial α-Amylase. III. The Influence of Temperature
Authors: Hiromi Keitaro , Takasaki Yoshiyuki , Ono Sôzaburo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The influence of temperature upon the Michaelis constant,Km, and on the breakdown rate constant, k3, has been investigated for the hydrolytic reaction of amylose catalyzed by crystalline Bacillus subtilis α-amylase at pH 5.85 (the optimum pH) over the temperature range from 6 to 40°C.
It has been found that logKm and logk3 increase linearly with a decreasing reciprocal absolute temperature 1/T in the lower temperature range below 25°C, while above that point they tend to flatten out. On the other hand, the plot of logk3⁄Km versus 1/T has been found to be linear over the whole temperature range studied. Apparent thermodynamic quantities have been calculated from Km, k3 and k3⁄Km and their temperature dependences.
The results have been examined kinetically in terms of two different mechanisms, the first assuming a three-step mechanism, and the second assuming the reversible denaturation of the enzyme molecule. It has been found that the former is reasonably consistent, but the latter is poorly consistent with the results.
By combining these findings with the previous data of solvent effect, the non-electrostatic part of the entropies for the reaction processes has been discussed.
The meaning of thermodynamic quantities obtained have been diccussed.
The Crystal Structure of Ethylenediammonium Chloride
Authors: Ashida Tamaichi , Hirokawa Sakutaro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The crystal structure of ethylenediammonium chloride has been determined. The crystal belongs to the monoclinic system with a=9.95, b=6.89, c=4.42Å and β=90.7°; the space group is P21/a. The unit cell contains two ethylenediammonium ions and four chloride ions. The ethylenediammonium ion occupies a center of symmetry and takes a transform; thus, the ethylenediammonium ion was found to be either a trans- or a gauche-form in the crystals, depending on the structures of the crystals. The bond distances and angles of the ethylenediammonium ion are: C–C 1.53, C–N 1.49Å and &lt;CCN 109.8°. Three N–H…Cl hydrogen bonds (3.20, 3.22 and 3.14Å) make two-dimensional networks of the ions perpendicular to the c axis.
The Preparation of Trimethylamine Oxide Complexes and Some Infrared Studies
Authors: Kida Sigeo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Metal complexes of trimethylamine oxide with cobalt (II), zinc (II) and cadmium (II) have been prepared.
The infrared spectra of trimethylamine oxide and its complexes have been measured in the 1500 to 300 cm−1 range. Assignment of the observed bands has been made on the basis of the calculation of the normal vibrations of trimethylamine oxide.
The band at 950 cm−1 was found to be mainly contributed by the N–O stretching vibration, as was expected from the former investigations, but it was also considerably contributed to by the other mode of vibrations.
The metal-O stretching band was not found in the region of the present investigation; consequently, a rather weak bond was assumed to exist between trimethylamine oxide and metal ions.
Synthetic Resins Catalyzing the Racemization of Amino Acids. II. The Activity of the Resins
Authors: Toi Koji 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1) A study has been made of the factors influencing the racemization of amino acids by resinous catalysts with structures partially similar to those of pyridoxal and salicylaldehyde.
2) The optimum pH of the reaction was about 10.5.
3) A rise in temperature resulted in an increase in the rate of the reaction.
4) The racemization reactions catalyzed by the resins required the presence of metal ions, and cupric ions were found to be most effective.
5) Of the amino acids tested, l-alanine was racemized most rapidly.
6) The resinous catalysts retained activity after repeated usage.
7) The racemization-activity of the resins was compared with that of pyridoxal.
Formaldehyde Resins. LXXVII. The Synthesis of Some Anthracene Derivatives as a Wavelength Shifter of a Plastic Scintillator
Authors: Imoto Minoru , Nakaya Tadao 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Three anthracene derivatives, 9,10-di-m-xyl-yl-anthracene (II), 9,10-bis(4-methylbenzyl)-anthracene (III), and 9,10-bis(2,3.5,6-tetra-methylbenzyl)anthracene (IV), have been synthesized and their ultraviolet and fluorescence spectra measured. The shift of the spectrum to the longer wavelength by the presence of methylene groups between anthracene and benzene rings may be explained in terms of direct conjugation between three rings.
According to the spectra, these compounds are believed to be better second solutes of the plastic scintillator.
Brown Nitrosylpentamminechromium(III) Salts and Green Nitrosylpentamminechromium(III) Perchlorate
Authors: Mori Masayasu , Ueshiba Shigeru , Kawaguchi Shinichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A new series of chromium ammines, i.e., nitrosylpentamminechromium(III) salts, were obtained by the reaction of an ammoniacal chromium(II) solution with sodium nitrite. The derivatives are usually reddish brown, but only the perchlorate is bright green. The infrared absorption spectra indicate that in the green perchlorate the rocking frequency of ligating ammonia is lower, while the stretching frequency of the nitrosyl group is higher than in the brown chloride. These results seem to show indirectly that the coordinate linkage is weaker in the green perchlorate.
A Simple Digestion Method for the Quantitative Analysis of Metal in Some Organometallic Compounds
Authors: Kohama Shigemi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A new, modified digestion method for the quantitative analysis of metal in various organometallic compounds containing silicon, tin and titanium has been developed by the use of ammonium nitrate as a new oxidizing reagent. It has been shown that this method can be carried out more rapidly and more accurately than the other known methods.
The Spectrophotometric Determination of Palladium(II) with Xylenol Orange
Authors: Otomo Makoto 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A new, sensitive spectrophotometric method for the determination of palladium (II) by using xylenol orange as a color reagent has been described. The palladium-xylenol orange complex has an absorption maximum at 518 mμ. The effects of the concentration of perchloric acid and of the reagent have been investigated. In addition, various conditions, including the duration of heating, the stability of the color, and the effect of diverse ions, have been investigated. In a solution of perchloric acid (1.1 to 1.7 n), xylenol orange is a highly selective reagent for palladium, although it reacts with a number of metal cations in a slightly acidic or a neutral solution. Beer’s law is obeyed in the range from 0.2 to 4.0 p. p. m. of palladium at 518 mμ. The results of Job’s method and of the mole ratio method show a complex consisting of two molecules of the reagent to one palladous ion. The formation constant was calculated to be 2×1010.
The Radiation-induced Reactions of Benzene with Sulfur and Sulfur Compounds
Authors: Ando Wataru , Sugimoto Ken’ichi , Oae Shigeru 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The irradiation of a benzene solution of sulfur gave thiophenol, diphenyl disulfide, diphenyl sulfide, hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen and some polymers. The formation of thiophenol and of hydrogen sulfide is considered to be initiated by the radiolysis of benzene, which gives phenyl and hydrogen radicals, which in turn combine with sulfur in succeeding steps.
However, the thiophenol formed is oxidized to the disulfide as the radiation energy absorbed in benzene transfers to thiophenol. The effect of the initial concentration of thiophenol and of the radiation dose has been measured. The relative stability of the S–H and C–S bond for radiation was about 1:200. The radiolysis of diphenyl disulfide or hydrogen sulfide in benzene were found to form thiophenol. In a kinetical study of the decomposition of thiophenol in benzene, 0.7 benzene molecule is excited by the 100 eV. of gamma rays absorbed, while the ratio between the energy transfer to thiophenol from excited benzene and the deactivation of excited benzene itself is about 100 to 1.
An Attempt to Convert Glycine Residues to Threonine Residues in Polyglycine
Authors: Furuyama Toshiyuki , Sakiyama Fumio , Narita Kozo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
When polyglycine was reacted with acetaldehyde in liquid ammonia in the presence of metallic sodium, it was observed that 7∼9% of the threonine residues were formed from glycine residues. From the hydrolyzate of the modified polyglycine, threonine could be isolated by the aid of the O→N acetyl shift reaction. It was shown that the threonine thus isolated was 35.6% allothreonine.
Reduction of Hexamminechromium(III) Ions at the Dropping Mercury Electrode
Authors: Tanaka Nobuyuki , Ebata Kazuko , Satô Gen 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The reduction of hexamminechromium(III) ion at the dropping mercury electrode has been studied in neutral and acid aqueous solutions. Hexamminechromium(III) ion gives no well-defined d. c. polarographic wave in an unbuffered neutral solution, whereas in an acid solution it gives a well-defined two-step wave, the first wave corresponding to the reduction of chromium(III) to chromium(II) and the second, to that of chromium(II) to chromium-(0).
The first wave of the d. c. polarogram obtained in an acid solution is diffusion-controlled and gives a slope of the log-plot close to that expected for a reversible wave. The a. c. and the Kalousek polarogram, however, are of the irreversible type. No chemical reaction involving hydrogen ions, ammonium ions or ammonia takes place preceding the electron transfer. Considering these results, the following mechanism is temporarily suggested for the reduction of hexamminechromium(III) ions at the dropping mercury electrode:
[Cr(NH3)6]3++e\ightleftarrows[Cr(NH3)6]2+[Cr(NH3)6]2++nH2O→[Cr(H2O)n(NH3)6−n]2++nNH3NH3+H+\ightleftarrowsNH4+
Ionic Charge Effect on the Reduction Potential of Inert-type Metal Complex
Authors: Tanaka Nobuyuki , Itabashi Eiki , Kyuno Eishin 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Current-potential curves of various oxalato complexes of chromium (III) were obtained at the dropping mercury electrode in acid or neutral aqueous solutions. The reduction potentials that were defined as potentials at \barl=\barll⁄10 were found to shift to more negative potentials with an increasing number of oxa-lates coordinated. The ionic charge effect on the reduction potentials was discussed in connection with the electrostatic interaction between the reacting species and the electrode.
Oxidation of Alcohols by Cerium(IV). I. Oxidation of Methanol by Ceric Perchlorate
Authors: Muhammad S S , Rao K Vijayachander 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The oxidation of methyl alcohol by ceric perchlorate in perchloric acid solution was studied at 13, 20 and 26°C. The stoichiometry consisted of two cerie ions for the oxidation of one molecule of methanol. While the rate of disappearance of ceric ions directly depended on the concentration of ceric ions, the dependence on methanol concentration was such as to suggest a ‘broken order’:
\frac−dCeivdt=\frack(Ceiv)(MeOH)1+k′(MeOH)
This rate also depended on the concentration of perchloric acid in such a way that at high acidity it became independent of it.
These data were explained on the basis of Duke’s mechanism for 2,3-butane diol-ceric perchlorate reaction, i. e. the oxidation of methanol by ceric ions proceeded via an intermediate complex between one Ce4+ ion and one methanol molecule. The formation of this complex was also proved independently by a spectrophotometric method. The kinetic data were further used to derive the true heat of formation of the methanol-cerate complex and the heat of hydrolysis of the cerie ions in aqueous perchloric acid.
Pyrolysis of Acid Amides. III. Pyrolysis of Cyanoacetamides and 2-Phenylacetamides
Authors: Mukaiyama Teruaki , Takei Hisashi , Koma Yasuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The pyrolyses of cyanoacetamides, 2-phenylacetanilide, 2,2-diphenylacetanilide and 2,2,2-triphenylacetanilide have been studied. The pyrolysis of cyanoacetamides gave the corresponding isocyanates and acetonitrile. On the other hand, the pyrolysis of 2-phenylacetanilide and 2,2-diphenylacetanilide gave a small amount of phenyl isocyanate, along with various byproducts. The pyrolysis of 2,2,2-triphenyl-acetanilide, however, against expectation, did not give isocyanate; only a tarry product resulted.
Studies on the Disproportionation Reaction of Methylnaphthalene
Authors: Echigoya Etsuro , Watanabe T\={o}ru , Morikawa Kiyoshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The effect of the addition of chromium oxide on the activity of silicon oxide-aluminum oxide for the disproportionation reaction of methylnaphthalene has been studied.
1) As the amount of chromium oxide added increased the yield of naphthalene increased, but the selectivity for this reaction decreased in the low temperature range of 45∼520°C. The 5 wt.%, chromium oxide added catalyst gave the best results.
2) It has been concluded, from the observation of X-ray and electromicrograph of the chromium oxide-added nalcat catalyst, that most of the chromium oxide added developed into large hexagonal crystals which had little activity and that the residue (about 30%), which is supposedly dispersed very finely, is probably responsible for the promotion of the catalytic activity.
3) It has been concluded from the analyses of the experimental data obtained that this disproportionation reaction can be expressed by the kinetic equation based on the surface reaction which is rate-controlling.
The Radiation Annealing of Phosphorus-32 with Cobalt-60 Gamma-rays for Several Neutron-irradiated Inorganic Phosphorus Compounds
Authors: Tanaka Kichizo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Radiation annealings with cobalt-60 gammarays have been investigated for several neutronirradiated inorganic phosphorus compounds. The group separation technique by one-dimensional paper-partition chromatography was adopted to separate chemical species containing phosphorus-32. The reduced species in the sodium and potassium orthophosphate salts and in the sodium pyrophosphate salt decreased upon gamma irradiation, and an increase in the retention was observed. However, the polyphosphate increased initially in the several orthophosphate salts.
Three processes has been observed, the rate constants for these processes have been estimated, and two other processes have been suggested. The main process is the oxidation of the reduced species to phosphorus(V) species.
Radiation annealing have been studied for phosphates as a functions of the dose rate, the total dose of irradiation, and the temperature during gamma irradiation, it has been found that annealings are dependent upon the total dose and the temperature during irradiation and are independent of the dose rate. In orthophosphates and pyrophosphate, chemical species other than the parent species are easily annealed by gamma irradiation, whereas no detectable annealing has been observed in sodium orthophosphite or sodium hypophosphite.
In series of sodium and potassium orthophosphates, annealing was affected by the hydrogen content of the salts.
Spectrophotometric Studies of the Metallic Chelates of 2-Picolylamine. I. The Electronic Absorption Spectra of Some Nickel, Copper(II) and Cobalt(III) Chelates
Authors: Utsuno Shunji , Sone Kôzô 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1) In addition to the nickel chelates (1:2 and 1:3) and copper chelates (1:2) already described by Sutton, it has been found that 2-picolylamine also forms 1:1 chelates (chlorides and sulfates) with these metals, which can be obtained in the state of crystals, and the chelate ions [Cu pic3]2+ of low stability, in solution.
2) A comparison of the electronic absorption spectra of all these chelates and two cobalt(III) chelates of 2-picolylamine with those of the chelates of ethylenediamine and 2, 2′-bipyridine has indicated that, in general, the spectrum of a 2-picolylamine chelate is intermediate between the spectra of the corresponding chelates of the latter two ligands; however, the similarity to the ethylenediamine chelate is more apparent in most cases.
3) Certain structural features of the 2-picolylamine chelates have been discussed on the basis of these spectral data.
Studies of the Photoreduction of Thiazine Dyes in Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Koizumi Masao , Obata Hiroshi , Hayashi Shigenari 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Judging from the experiments performed in our laboratory, the photoreduction of dye without the addition of any reducing agent takes place only in thiazine dyes, and the reaction is particularly prominent when demethylation occurs simultaneously.
The reaction proceeds in the following way:
D+hν→D*
D*Dt
Dt+D→X (X=D−……D+)
(Remark: Graphics omitted.)
The part in parentheses is still doubtful. The above conclusion is consistent with the results of the flash experiment which will be described in a following paper. It has been proposed that some reducing agents attack Dt directly, while others attack the half-oxidized state.
The Absorption Spectra of Thiourea and Potassium Iodide on Nickel Metal
Authors: Suëtaka Wataru 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The absorption spectra of thiourea molecules adsorbed on nickel surfaces in acid aqueous solutions have been observed by means of reflection cells. A new band did not appear in the observed region, but the intensity of the absorption band at 236 mμ decreased remarkably. The absorption spectra of potassium iodide have also been observed with reflection cells. For acidic solutions an absorption band at 226 mμ decreased in intensity and a new band appeared at 310 mμ, while for the solutions in pure water no change in the spectrum has been observed. The observed results have been discussed and a hypothesis of surface complex formation presented.
Electron Spin Resonance of Peroxy Radicals in Gamma-irradiated Polytetrafluoroethylene
Authors: Tanaka Hazime , Matsumoto Akira , Goto Nobuhisa 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
In the oriented sample of irradiated PTFE, the ESR spectrum of peroxy radicals consists of two singlets. One of them has an angular dependent g factor: g=2.0230−0.0165cos2ω, where ω is an angle between the orientation of the PTFE crystal and the direction of the magnetic field applied. This spectrum shows an asymmetrical profile in a powder sample. It has been interpreted in the light of the crystalline arrangement of PTFE. Additional peroxy radical, which gives an angle-independent ESR signal, is unstable at temperatures above 150°C.
A Geochemical Study of Selenium in Volcanic Exhalation and Sulfur Deposits
Authors: Suzuoki Tetsuro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Regarding selenium in volcanic materials collected at fumaroles of the Nasudake (36°07′N, 139°57′E) and the Kuju (33°07′N, 131°13′E) volcanoes, Japan, the following results have been obtained.
1) The selenium content in condensed water has no relation to that of sulfur and chlorine. The selenium content in certain sulfur deposits is strongly affected by the mode of occurrence, such as sublimation and solidification, as well as by the outlet temperature of the fumarole. The ratio of selenium to sulfur in both condensed water and sulfur deposit is related with gas temperature at the outlet of fumarole. The higher the gas temperature, the lower the degree of fractionation between selenium and sulfur.
2) The S/Se ratio in the original volcanic gases at Nasudake is close to 1.8×104, found in fumarolic gases with the highest temperature. The S/Se ratio in sulfur deposit is at least one-seventh that in condensed water.
3) Continuous observation over a short period (3 hr.) showed that the selenium content in condensed water varies considerably with time, while the sulfur content remains constant.
Vibrational Spectra of Tetracyanoethylene
Authors: Takenaka Tohru , Hayashi Soichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The polarized infrared spectrum of a highly-oriented crystal of TCNE have been measured, tegether with the Raman spectrum of a sample consisting of several lumps of the crystals. The infrared spectra of the powedered solid, solution, and vapor have also been observed for comparison. Under the assumption of the Vh symmetry, the normal vibrations of TCNE have been calculated for the in-plane modes by the use of the GF matrix method. The basic UBFF, as well as the modified one containing cross terms between the C=C and C–C bonds, has been used as the potential function for this molecule. The frequencies calculated with the modified UBFF agree well with the observed values. The potential energy distributions have also been calculated, and the nature of the in-plane fundamental vibrations has been elucidated. The tentative assignments have been made to the out-of-plane fundamental vibrations and to the overtone and combination vibrations.
The Synthesis of Methylacetylene by the Pyrolysis of Propylene. I. The Effect of Pyrolysis Conditions on Product Yields
Authors: Sakakibara Yasumasa 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Propylene has been pyrolyzed in a flow system over a wide range of conditions (temperature, 800∼1400°C; contact time, 4.4×10−4∼2.3 sec.; pressure, 40∼160 mmHg) to find suitable conditions for producing methylacetylene (and allene) and for obtaining data concerning the distribution of pyrolysis products. Under proper conditions, the pyrolysis occurred without any appreciable production of tarry and carbonaceous materials. High temperatures (1200∼1300°C), short contact times (millisecond order; conversions below 30%), and low pressures (below l00 mmHg) were found to required for the good production of methylacetylene-allene. A methylacetylene-allene yield of 38 mol. per 100 mol. of propylene pyrolyzed was realized at 1200°C, 50 mmHg pressure (partial pressure of propylene, 40 mmHg), and 24% conversion (contact time, 1.7 msec.). The other gaseous products were found to be methane, ethylene, hydrogen, acetylene, 1-butene and butadiene, in decreasing order.