bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the Thermal Dissociation of Organic Compounds. IX. The Urea Linkage (1,3-Di-substituted Ureas in Alcohols)
Authors: Mukaiyama Teruaki , Fujita Yasuhiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The rate constants of the thermal dissociation of 1,3-di-n-propylurea, 1,3-di-n-amylurea, 1,3-di-n-heptylurea, 1,3-diisopropylurea, 1,3-diisobutylurea, 1,3-dicyclohexylurea and 1,3-di-t-butylurea in benzyl alcohol, ethylene glycol and glycerol were determined.
The effects of the substituents on the thermal dissociation of 1,3-di-substituted ureas was discussed and the effects of the solvents on the reaction was also discussed in comparison with those in fatty acids.
Colloid Chemical Studies on Starching Materials. I. Structural Viscosity of Poly-Vinyl Alcohol Solution
Authors: Nakagaki Masayuki , Shimazaki Ayako 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The structural viscosity is measured for the aqueous solutions of poly-vinyl alcohol-The relative viscosity, (η/ηw), shows linear relationship to the reciprocal of the rate of flow, Q:
η=η_N+2.57×10^-5×P_0/Q
where ηN and P0 are constants. P0 corresponds to the pressure to destroy a net-work structure in the solution, or an apparent yield value, and ηN corresponds to the viscosity coefficient of the destroyed structure, which is assumed to flow as Newtonian. As for the Newtonian viscosity ηN of polyvinyl alcohol solutions, [ηN] defined by
[η_N]=1n(η_N/η_w)/C
is independent on concentration, as far as measured. Comparing the intrinsic viscosities of specimens of the same polymerization, degree, the completely saponified specimen shows smaller value than partly saponified one. This may be explained by the decrease of molecular extension due to the strong intramolecular interaction of OH groups. The apparent yield values P0 is 0.5∼3.5 cm. H2O and is highly dependent on the history of the solution. The completely saponified specimen shows greater P0 value. It will also be explained by the strong intermolecular interaction of OH groups to form net-work structure.
Studies on the Oxy-acid Phosphors. V. Stannate Phosphors (Part I)
Authors: Kotera Yoshihide , Sekine Tadao , Yonemura Michiko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Various stannate phosphors were prepared and some of their emissions were determined. Stannate phosphors emit green, blue or yellowish white light when activated by manganese, blue, violet or red by bismuth, orange, green or blue by lead, while those activated by cerium show blue or red emission. It is expected that the activation by tin also occurs in some cases. This is supported by the fact that the emission of magnesium stannate activated by titanium changes by the variation of flux. For different specimens of calcium stannate activated by titanium or cerium, emission spectra under excitation of cathode rays were measured.
The Oxygen Equilibrium of Denatured Hemoglobin and the Mechanism of Denaturation
Authors: Kubo Masaji 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The oxygen equilibrium curve of a slightly denatured preparation of hemoglobin solution was determined by the spectrophotometric method. The plot of Y, the degree of partial saturation with oxygen, against log p, the logarithm of the partial pressure of oxygen, was not symmetric across the point at 50% saturation. The trend of asymmetry was such that if the lower left portion of the curve was rotated through 180° about the point at Y=l/2, it lay below the upper right portion of the original curve. The condition of this trend of asymmetry was derived from the theory of chemical equilibrium. This condition was tested with various conceivable changes in k the equilibrium constant of oxygenation of a single heme, as well as in α the constant of interaction stabilizing the combination of each of two adjacent hemes with an oxygen molecule. It was found that the deviation from the equivalence of α, of whetever kind and degree, can never satisfy the required condition, provided that the k’s of the four hemes remain equivalent to each other. A number of other conceivable cases were subjected to critical examination. The condition of asymmetry was so severe that it could rule out almost all except the case in which one of the four hemes increases its affinity towards an oxygen molecule compared with the other three. This conclusion is in conformity with the results on hemoglobin dissociated in a dilute solution or split in a urea solution.
Synthetic Amphoteric Polypeptide. I. Syntheses and Some Properties of Linear Amphoteric Polypeptides
Authors: Yuki Heimei , Sakakibara Shumpei , Tani Hisaya 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1. Two linear highmolecular amphoteric polypeptides were synthesized.
2. The pH-dependences of viscosity and optical rotation were measured. Some of these properties resembled that of vinyl polyampholytes and some proteins.
The Reaction between Diphenylalkanes and Maleic Anhydride by the Friedel and Crafts Method
Authors: Koga Wataru 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
(1) By the reaction of diphenylmethane and diphenylethane with maleic anhydride in the presence of aluminium chloride, diphenyl-methane-4, 4′-di-γ-oxocrotonic acid and biben-zyl-4,4′-di-γ-oxocrotonic acid were produced, respectively. And cis and trans isomers of dimethyl esters of these acids were prepared.
(2) By the reduction of the above two acids by zinc and acetic acid, diphenyl-methane-4, 4′-di-γ-oxobutyric acid and biben-zyl-4, 4′-di-γ-oxobutyric acid were prepared.
(3) These saturated keto acids were reduced by amalgamated zinc in the mixture of ethanol and hydrochloric acid to diphenyl-methane-4,4′-dibutyric acid and diphenyl-ethane-4, 4′-dibutyric acid.
Studies on the Synthesis of Metal Complexes. I. Synthesis of an Ammine-carbonato Series of Cobalt (III) Complexes
Authors: Mori Motoshichi , Shibata Muraji , Kyuno Eishin , Adachi Tomohiko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A green compound is isolated from the concentrated solution obtained by the action of hydrogen peroxide on cobalt (II) ions in the presence of potassium bicarbonate, and the formula K3[Co(CO3)3]·3H2O is assigned to it on the basis of the analysis of the solid and of the absorption spectrum of the solution.
A series of ammine-carbonatocobalt (III) complexes, K3[Co(CO3)3]·3H2O, blue (perhaps, cis) and violet(perhaps, trans)-K[Co(NH3)2(CO3)2]·H2O, [Co(NH3)4CO3]Cl and [Co(NH3)6]Cl3, are synthesized from the abovementioned green solution by means of successive substitution of carbonate ions by ammonia groups. Hexamminecobalt (III) tricarbonatocobaltate, [Co(NH3)6] [Co(CO3)3], is also obtained by adding a hexamminecobalt (III) salt to the green solution of tricarbonato-complex. Three complexes, K3[Co(CO3)3]·3H2O and blue- and violet-K[Co(NH3)2(CO3)2]·H2O, are probably to be regarded as new complexes and may be identified by their absorption spectra.
By-products of Acrylonitrile Synthesis from Acetylene and Hydrocyanic Acid. II. Amines Obtained by Hydrogenation of Nitriles
Authors: Morimoto Shiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The basic substances were obtained from the hydrogenation products of the neutral by-products of acrylonitrile synthesis from acetylene and hydrocyanic acid. They were fractionated by distillation through a Stedmantype column. n-Butylamine and n-amylamine were isolated and identified as derivatives of phenylthiourea. On the basis of chromatograms, i.e., the paperchromatograms of hydrochlorides of amines and chromatograms of N-2, 4-dinitrophenyl-derivatives on the column of cation exchanger, the presence of seven amines, i.e., n-propyl-, n-butyl-, 2-methylbutyl-, n-amyl-, di-n-propyl-, n-heptyl-and benzyl-amines was confirmed and that of two primary heptylamines other than n-heptylamine, i.e., 2-methylhexyl- and 2-ethylamyl-amines, was suggested.
Hydroformylation and Hydrogenation of Methylacrylate in Presence of Dicobalt Octacarbonyl or Iron Pentacarbonyl. Dependence of Reaction Rate on Partial Pressures of Carbon Monoxide and Hydrogen
Authors: Uchida Hiroshi , Bando Kenichiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Hydroformylation of methylacrylate in the presence of dicobalt octacarbonyl was investigated by paying a special attention to the effect of varying ratios of carbon monoxide to hydrogen on the rate. The rate attains the maximum value at a certain partial pressure of carbon monoxide, and increases with the increasing partial pressure of hydrogen. The tendencies agree with the results obtained by G. Natta on the hydroformylation of cyclohexene. The rate equation proposed by A. R. Martin with respect to the rate of hydroformylation of di-isobutene can represent the tendencies observed in the present results.
In the presence of iron pentacarbonyl, methylacrylate has been found to be reduced to methylpropionate under high pressure of hydrogen containing carbon monoxide. The reduction becomes more difficult with the increasing partial pressure of carbon monoxide, but was made catalytically neither by an iron catalyst reduced from iron oxide nor by the one produced by the thermal decomposition of iron pentacarbonyl.
Magnetochemical Study of Nitroso Compounds
Authors: Matsunaga Yoshio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The magnetic susceptibility of nine nitroso compounds, as solids and as solutes, were measured by the Gouy method. The constant for the nitroso group attached to a carbon atom was found to be paramagnetic of the order of 10 units. The author suggested that the second term in Van Vleck’s equation for the diamagnetism of a molecule is dominant in this case. Some quinones and their monoximes were also measured, and it appeared that the ability of the oxime group to localize aromatic electrons is less than that of the carbonyl group. In addition, the structure of nitrosodialkylaniline hydrochloride was discussed from the magnetic standpoint.
STUDIES ON AMINO-ACID ANHYDRIDES, I. MOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OF DIKETOPIPERAZINE WITH COPPER HALIDES
Authors: Asahina Tei-ichi , D\={o}no Tsurumatsu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1. Molecular compounds of diketopiperazine with copper chloride and bromide were prepared.
2. The formation of such compounds in aqueous solution with formulae other than those obtained in solid state was ascertained.
3. The meaning of these molecular compounds for the chemistry of protein was discussed.
A MICROANALYTICAL.DETERMINATION OF SULPHUR IN ORGANIC COMPOUNDS BY TITRATION
Authors: Kubota Bennosuke , Hanai Sadahiko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A microanalytical determination of sulphur in organic compounds is carried out by decomposing cautiously the material to be analysed in the hydrogen atmosphere on reduced nickel, which absorbs the sulphur completely and changes itself into sulphide, and by determining iodometrically the hydrogen sulphide which is evolved from the reduced nickel when it is dissolved in hydrochloric acid. It was found thus that the nickel catalyst is able to be applied to the organic microanalysis of sulphur.
PERMEABILITIES OF COLLOIDAL SUBSTANCES TO GASES
Authors: Kanata Kazuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1. Permeabilities of rubber, gelatine and celluloid for oxygen, hydrogen,, carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide, and ammonia were determined.
2. By ascertaining the permeabilities of celluloid and gelatine, it became clear that the sorptions of these substances are not adsorption phenomena.
3. Something about the mechanism of permeability and absorption was discussed and the author reached the conclusion that the permeability and hence the absorption is caused by the dissolution of gas in the colloidal, substance.
ELECTRICAL CONDUCTANCE OF NICKEL SULPHATE SOLUTION AND IONIC CONDUCTANCE OF NICKEL
Authors: Murata Kwanji 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1. The conductances of aqueous solutions of nickel sulphate at concentrations 0.0001 to 1 equivalent per liter at 25°C. and 18°C. were measured and the equivalent conductances at infinite dilution were found.
2. The ionic conductances of nickel also were calculated.
3. The relative viscosity and the degree of ionization of 1/20 mol nickel sulphate were calculated.
Correlation between Two Molecular Orbital Theories on Organic Reactions. I. Ionic Substitutions
Authors: Baba Hiroaki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A mathematical proof is given that under a certain condition the static and localization theories become completely equivalent to each other in predicting the reactivities in ionic substitutions of the positions in a given even alternant hydrocarbon. The said condition is concerned with the coefficients of the powers in the expansions of the secular determinants for the residual molecules. It is shown by numerical calculations that the condition is fulfilled by almost all positions in 12 molecules treated. The change in total energy of π-electrons is given as a function of a coulomb integral, and a new quantity called partial polarization energy is introduced which is defined as a function of the π-electron density at a given position. Both are useful for relating the static quantity to the dynamic one. The latter is a new measure of a general nature for the reactivity of the position towards the ionic reagents.
Magnetochemical Study of Sydnones
Authors: Matsunaga Yoshio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The molar susceptibilities of eight N-arylsydnones were measured by the Gouy method. Assuming that the influence of the conjugation between aryl and sydnonyl groups on diamagnetism is practically negligible, the molar susceptibility of unsubstituted sydnone was estimated as 38.7. Its isotropic part 24.57 was evaluated from the values for five of the contributing ionic forms calculated by the Gray-Cruick-shank’s method. From the magnitude of the exaltation of molar susceptibility which is equal to one third of an anisotropic part, the author suggested that the aromatic character of a sydnone ring is in the same order with those of furan and pyrrole rings. Four derivatives of N-phenylsydnone which have a substituent in meso-ionic ring were also measured, and the agreements between the observed and the calculated molar susceptibilities were found to be good within the limit of the latter’s estimation.
The Adsorption of Non-Polar Gases on Alkali Halide Crystals. II. Calculations of The Adsorption Behaviour of Non-Polar Gases on Cubic Sodium Chloride
Authors: Hayakawa Teruo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The potential energy of each isolated atom or non-polar molecule (argon, nitrogen, or carbon dioxide) adsorbed on the (100) plane of cubic sodium chloride has been theoretically calculated at four different positions on the crystal surface. In the present calculations, the repulsive constants of the modified BuckinghamCorner (6-exp) intermolecular potential for these non-polar gases have been used. The quadrupole interaction of the nitrogen or carbon dioxide molecule with a crystal has been taken into consideration. The good agreement between the theoretical and experimental values of the initial heat of adsorption for each adsorbate has been obtained.
The present theoretical calculations suggest that the surface heterogeneity caused by the lattice imperfection or crystal defects is of minor importance compared with other types of surface heterogeneity due to the distribution of sites grouped in patches. The present results also suggest that the adsorbed argon atoms or nitrogen molecules easily migrate two-dimensionally along the surface in the low coverage region. These results on the surface migration are in good agreement with the entropy curves of adsorbed argon and nitrogen experimentally determined.
The approximate calculation of the heat curve for argon on the (100) plane of cubic sodium chloride has been carried out following a similar method used by Young. The discordance between the experimental and approximately calculated heat curves is considerable, and this is attributed to the fact that the unreliable model (i. e. the uniform surface and the localized adsorption) has been assumed in these approximate calculations.
Irreversible Photobleaching of the Solutions of Fluorescent Dyes. IV. Photoreactions in Methanol, Isopropanol and Ketones, and the General Conclusion for the Photobleaching of Eosine
Authors: Imamura Masashi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Studies on the photoreaction of eosine in the water-alcohols and -ketones have been made both in the presence and in the absence of oxygen. The corrected rate equations, giving the satisfactory explanation for the data obtained, have been presented. Analysis of the experimental results so far obtained, on the basis of these rate equations, has led to the conclusion unambigously that the primary process of the aerobic photobleaching of eosine in the aqueous solution is the attack of oxygen on the triplet state of dye.
Studies on the Chemical Constitution of Agar-agar. XX. Isolation of a Tetrasaccharide by Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Agar-agar
Authors: Araki Choji , Arai Kiyoshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1. A tetrasaccharide, forming a crystalline tetrahydrate, has been isolated from the products of enzymatic hydrolysis of agar. Its fully acetylated and methylated derivatives have also been obtained as crystals.
2. Identification of both monosaccharide and disacharide constituents has led to the assignment of the structure, O-3,6-anhydro-α-l-galactopyranosly-(1→3)-O-β-d-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-3,6-anhydro-α-l-galactopyranosyl-(1→3)-d-garactose, to the tetrasaccharide isolated. The structure has been supported also by methylation data.
3. The tetrasaccharide has been termed neoagarotetraose, based on the general nomenclature suggested for oligosaccharides derived from agarose and a similar polysaccharide.
4. A probable course has been assumed for the enzymatic degradation of agarose.
Dielectric Studies on Colloidal Solutions. III. The Mobilities of Micelles of Long-chain Amine Hydrohalides
Authors: Shirai Michio , Tamamushi Bun-ichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The electrophoretic mobilities of dode-cylamine hydrochloride, hydrobromide and hydroiodide, as well as tetradecyl-amine and hexadecylamine hydrochlorides have been measured. They decrease with increasing concentration as is expected from the electrostatic point-of-view of the micelle structure.
The fractions of counter ions bound to micelles are computed from the electrophoretic mobilities obtained.These values are found consistent with the result obtained by the transference number measurement.
The ζ-potentials of micelle ions are calculated from the electrophoretic mobilities by Henry’s formula. They must be, however, less than the real values, if we take into account the expected highfrequency effects.
Microcolorimetric Determination of Sulfate by Reduction to Hydrogen Sulfide with Tin(II)—Strong Phosphoric Acid
Authors: Kiba Toshiyasu , Kishi Ikuko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A new reagent, “Tin(II)-strong phosphoric acid” has been prepared to permit a rapid and simple determination of sulfate sulfur by reduction to hydrogen sulfide. The procedure for the determination of semi-micro quantities of sulfate sulfur, previously devised by the authors, has been extended to the microgram scale by adopting the sensitive methylene blue colorimetric method. The rapidity and simplicity of the original method are still retained in this new colorimetric method, by which 1 to 35 micrograms of sulfate sulfur can be estimated. The apparatus is very simple, a test-tube of fused silica being employed as the reaction vessel. The standard calibration curve for colori-metric determination of sulfate sulfur by this method coincides well with that drawn for sodium sulfide by direct coloration with p-amino dimethyl aniline and ferric chloride. Interference of other anions can be kept out of consideration, because the sulfate ion is easily separated by addition of barium chloride solution and coprecipit-ation with ferric hydroxide. Large amounts of ferric hydroxide do not affect the method. Some examples of the determination of sulfate sulfur in ferric chloride reagent and Japanese acid clay are described.
Surface Chemistry of High Polymers. VII Polyacids and Some Vinyl Polymers
Authors: Hotta Hiroshi , Isemura Toshizo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The films of polyacids (poly-l-glutamic acid and the copolymer of maleic acid and vinyl acetate) and some related compounds were studied in order to know the behaviour of carboxyl groups in the linear polymer at the interface. The principal results obtained are as follows.
The orientation of carboxyl group is affected considerably by other accompanying groups in polymer. Hence, the surface moment of carboxylic compounds is various according to the surface orientation of respective groups in the polymer. Accordingly, the surface moment of copolymer cannot be explained by the simple additivity of the moment of constituent polar groups.
The surface moment of polyacids abruptly decreases nearly at the pH of aqueous phase equal to the pK of corresponding structural unit.
Effect of the Addition of Some Carbohydrates on the Decomposition Rate of Sodium Aluminate Solutions with Seeding
Authors: Sato Taichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
In order to study the influence of the presence of the organic matter in a sodium aluminate solution the decomposition rate was investigated by the addition of some carbohydrates as first step of study. Three kinds of carbohydrate, i. e. glucose, sugar and starch (white potato) were chosen and added to a sodium aluminate solution in verious amounts. These solutions were decomposed with seeding of hydrargillite, and these decomposition rates were compared in each case. Consequently it had been observed that the addition of glucose or sugar acts to retard the decomposition, and that the increase of an added amount of starch promotes the decomposition. But the retarding action of glucose is larger than that of sugar. On the other hand, the relation between the added amount of seed and the addition of carbohydrate was investigated. It had been seen that the presence of seed is stronger than that of glucose or sugar in the action of decomposition, and that this relation is different upon the presence of starch. Further the viscosity of sodium aluminate solution mixed with carbohydrate was measured. It has been observed from this measurement that the viscosity of sodium aluminate solution is almost unchanged with the addition of glucose or sugar, and that its viscosity is improved with the addition of starch. Then these results have been compared with the decomposition rate. From this result, it is concluded that the viscosity of solution does not always act on the decomposition as the factor of first order. Hence the action mechanism of these carbohydrates on the decomposition are discussed, and it is clearly concluded that there is a very large difference among the actions of each carbohydrate on the decomposition. In these results one must obtain some informations upon the action mechanism on the decomposition of sodium aluminate solution in the presence of organic matter.
Photometric Determination of Thallium with Rhodamine B
Authors: Onishi Hiroshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Procedure is given for the spectrophotometric determination of 1–10μg. of thallium with rhodamine B. Ammonium persulfate was also found to be as effective as bromine in oxidizing thallium preparatory to rhodamine B—benzene extraction. For the separation of thallium from other elements, univalent thallium is extracted with dithizone in chloroform from a basic solution containing cyanide and then transferred to an aqueous solution by shaking the chloroform with dilute nitric acid. The procedure provides for the presence of antimony, gallium, gold, iron and tungsten.