bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NEUE METHODISCHE MÖGLICHKEITEN ZUR KLINISCHEN FUNKTIONSDIAGNOSTIK DER NEBENNIERENRINDE
Authors: Gerdes H. , Teller W. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The results are reported of routine determinations of free C21-steroids in plasma and urine by a method which involved thin layer and gas liquid chromatography. The following steroids were simultaneously determined: Cortisol, cortisone, 6β-hydroxycortisol and -cortisone, 20-hydroxycortisol and -cortisone, tetrahydrocortisol and -cortisone, and 11-deoxycortisol (Reichstein S). The specificity, reproducibility and accuracy are discussed in detail. The overall recoveries of the procedure were examined by the addition of 1,2-3H-cortisol and 1,2-3H-cortisone prior to extraction. They ranged between 50 and 60 per cent.
The method was clinically applied to various tests of adrenal cortical function and its pituitary regulation (e. g. ACTH test, dexamethasone suppression, metopirone test). The simultaneous determination in plasma and urine of a number of C21-steroid-hormones including their metabolites proved to yield valuable information about adrenal cortical function and C21-steroid metabolism. In the paediatric age group the metopirone test measuring 11-deoxycortisol in plasma rather than its tetrahydro derivative in urine was particularly useful since it avoided unpleasant 24 h-urine collections in young children.
THE UPTAKE OF 17β-OESTRADIOL IN BREAST TISSUE OF RATS FOLLOWING HYPOPHYSECTOMY
Authors: Sander Sten 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The uptake of radioactivity in breast tissue of hypophysectomized rats has been studied following injection of (6,7-3H) 17β-oestradiol, The investigation includes measurement of tritium concentration in homogenized tissue by liquid scintillation technique and autoradiographic recordings. The capacity of breast tissue to take up oestradiol was not significantly influenced by hypophysectomy.
PROFILE OF STEROIDS IN AMNIOTIC FLUID OF NORMAL AND COMPLICATED PREGNANCIES
Authors: Schindler Adolf E. , Ratanasopa V. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Methods for the determination of five steroids in amniotic fluid are described. The following steroids have been measured in amniotic fluid of 29 normal pregnancies: dehydroepiandrosterone, 11.1 μg/l; pregnanediol, 164.4 μg/l; 16-ketoandrostenediol, 214.7 μg/l; 16α-hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone, 599.6 μg/ and oestriol, 674.3 μg/l. Analyses in eight pregnancies complicated by diabetes, polyhydramnios, anencephaly and severe Rh-isoimmunization reveal low or nondetectable amounts of oestriol, 16-ketoandrostenediol and 16α-hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone, The concentrations of dehydroepiandrosterone and pregnanediol appear not to be significantly influenced under these circumstances unless intrauterine foetal death has already occurred. This study seems to offer an explanation for the differences of oestriol concentrations in amniotic fluid, maternal plasma and urine in pregnancies complicated by severe Rh-isoimmunization.
BIOASSAY OF ANTIGONADOTROPHIC SERA
Authors: Robyn C. , Diczfalusy E. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Methods are described for the bioassay of the human follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) neutralising potency of antigonadotrophic sera. The methods are based on a modified ovarian weight augmentation test using human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) or luteinising hormone (LH) of ovine origin for augmentation. The antigonadotrophic sera were obtained following immunisation of rabbits with HCG, human menopausal gonadotrophin (HMG) and human hypophysial gonadotrophin (HHG) preparations. The FSH neutralising potencies of these antisera were assayed against laboratory standard preparations of HMG and HHG and against the Second International Reference Preparation of HMG.
When HCG was used for augmentation, the FSH neutralising potency of antisera depended on the sequence in which HCG, HMG and antiserum were combined. When HCG was mixed with the antiserum prior to the addition of HMG, this resulted in a significant decrease in the FSH neutralising potency. When HCG was injected separately from the HMG-antiserum complex, the FSH neutralising potency increased. However, the FSH neutralising potency of all antisera was significantly higher when LH of ovine origin, rather than HCG was used for augmentation.
Anti-HCG sera exhibited a considerable FSH neutralising potency, even when prepared by immunisation with HCG preparations of high specific activity. These high FSH neutralising potencies were in contrast to the low FSH activity of the HCG preparations used for immunisation.
Anti-HMG sera possessed little, if any, FSH neutralising potency. These poor FSH neutralising potencies were in contrast to the high FSH activity of the HMG preparations used for immunisation.
The FSH neutralising potency of an anti-HHG serum was at least 5 times higher when assayed against HMG, than when assayed against HHG.
The data presented indicate that HCG preparations extensively compete with FSH preparations for antibodies neutralising FSH activity. This suggests that there is a cross reaction between HCG and FSH. The data also indicate, that there are significant differences in the antigenic properties of human pituitary and urinary gonadotrophins.
It is concluded, that the establishment of specificity of immunoassay methods for human gonadotrophins cannot be based exclusively on immunological evidence. Also, the absorption procedures used to improve the specificity of antigens and antisera are of limited value, unless carried out in a strictly quantitative manner following the establishment of the profile of the gonadotrophic and antigonadotrophic activities present.
OXANDROLONE EFFECT ON GROWTH AND BONE AGE IN IDIOPATHIC GROWTH FAILURE
Authors: Geller Jack 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Oxandrolone, an anabolic steroid, administered to patients with idiopathic growth failure in a dosage of 0.15-0.25 mg/kg·day, significantly stimulates immediate growth during the first 6 months of treatment and results in a greater height age Δ than bone age Δ during this interval. In 9 patients continued for an additional 6 months, average cumulative 12 months values for corrected height age Δ and bone age Δ were approximately equal and almost double those of 50th percentile normals. These data during 12 months of continuous oxandrolone therapy suggest that the drug can increase immediate stature, but has no net effect on ultimate predicted stature. Similar results were noted in 2 patients treated continuously for 24 months.
If treatment is discontinued after 6 months, growth velocity and corrected height age Δ, but not bone age Δ, decrease significantly during the next 6 months. Cumulative results in patients treated intermittently over 12 months shows that bone age Δ exceeded corrected height age Δ by 3 or more months in 4 out of 9 patients, indicating an unfavourable effect on predicted ultimate stature in such instances. Therefore, oxandrolone administration for the purpose of increasing immediate stature should probably be given continuously until mid-puberty is reached, except in those patients showing an unfavourable response during the first 6 months of treatment. At the present time, there is no reliable criterion for picking out those patients who will respond best to the drug, except by a 6 month trial of therapy. The drug appears safe; there are a small percentage of patients who have reversible changes in serum transaminase levels on therapy; mild virilization was noted in one patient. Careful monitoring of bone age at 6 months intervals and liver function at 3 months intervals is recommended during the period of treatment.
IMMUNOLOGISCHE UNTERSUCHUNGEN AN HYPOPHYSENVORDERLAPPENHORMONEN MIT ANTIKÖRPERN VON SÄUGETIEREN UND FISCHEN
Authors: Blüm V. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Tropical Cichlid fishes (Tilapia mariae) and guinea pigs are able to produce antibodies to ovine anterior pituitary hormones. The immune response in fish is weaker than in mammals. Antisera of both animal groups are suitable specific ones but the fish immune system does not react very sensitively to small contaminations of the antigens. Electrophoretical examinations of anterior pituitary hormones (LTH, STH, FSH, LH and TSH) on gelatinized cellulose acetate strips show that except STH all the other hormones consist of several components. This is confirmed by immunological methods. There is some evidence that LH occurs in several molecular forms or components. Cross reactions and immunoelectrophoreses show a distinct separation of the immunological properties of the protein LTH and its antibody resp. and the glycoproteids FSH, LH, TSH and their antibodies. The protein STH and its homologous antibody, however, precipitate with all other hormones and their antibodies tested, except TSH. This possibly depends on the contamination of these hormones one with another.
STIMULATION OF GROWTH HORMONE SECRETION IN MONKEYS BY ADRENALIN, PITRESSIN AND ADENOSINE-3′5′-CYCLIC MONOPHOSPHORIC ACID (3′5′-AMP)
Authors: Gagliardino J. J. , Martin J. M. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Serum growth hormone (GH) levels were measured by immunoassay in anaesthetized, non-fasted female Rhesus monkeys. Adrenalin and Pitressin® administration significantly stimulated growth hormone secretion. I. v. injection of adenosine-3′5′-cyclic monophosphoric acid (3′5′-AMP) mimicked the stimulatory action of both adrenalin and Pitressin. The stimulation of GH secretion by 3′5′-AMP was blocked by dihydroergotamine. These results suggest that the effect of either adrenalin or Pitressin or both on GH secretion is mediated by the adenyl-cyclase – cyclic AMP system. The additional observation that Pitressin depresses at the same time the release of insulin may indicate that the adenyl-cyclase – cyclic AMP system acts as a common intermediate in the growth hormone-insulin balance.
VERGLEICHENDE UNTERSUCHUNGEN ÜBER DIE AUFNAHME UND DEN STOFFWECHSEL VON [4-14C]17β-ÖSTRADIOL BEIM SPONTANEN MAMMACARCINOM DER MAUS UND IN VERSCHIEDENEN GEWEBEN DER RATTE
Authors: Sodomann C. P. , Breuer H. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
[4-14C] 17β-Oestradiol was incubated with slices of spontaneous mammary carcinoma (Ca.) of the mouse as well as with slices of spontaneous fibroadenoma (Ad.), hyperplastic mammary tissue (Ma.), fat tissue (Fa.), skeletal muscle (Mu.) and liver (Li.) of the rat. After incubation, the tissue slices and the media were worked up separately. In all experiments, [4-14C] oestrone and a radioactive »polar« fraction were detected as metabolites of [4-14C]17β-oestradiol.
Ca. of the mouse differ from Ad. and Ma. of the rat by a higher conversion rate of [4-14C] 17β-oestradiol to its metabolites and a higher rate of formation of the radioactive »polar« fraction. The formation of [4-14C] oestrone varied considerably in Ca. of the mouse and was similar to that found in Ad. and Ma. of the rat.
As was to be expected, the rate of conversion of [4-14C] 17β-oestradiol to its metabolites was much higher in Li. than in normal and in neoplastic mammary tissue; however, the conversion rates in Fa. and Mu. were similar to those in the various mammary tissues. With exception of Li., the formation of [4-14C] oestrone was about the same in all tissues investigated. The total amount of the »polar« fraction (sum of radioactivity in the tissue and in the incubation medium) was significantly higher in the Ca. of the mouse and the Li. of the rat than in all other tissues investigated.
The uptake ratios (amount of steroid in tissue/g × ml incubation medium/amount of steroid in the medium) for [4-14C] 17β-oestradiol and its metabolites were more than 1 in all tissues studied. The average of the uptake ratios for [4-14C] 17β-oestradiol, [4-14C] oestrone and the radioactive »polar« fraction showed the same order of magnitude for the Ca. of the mouse and for the Mu. and Li. of the rat. However, this value was always lower than that for Ma. and Fa. of the rat and always higher than that for the Ad. of the rat.
LONG ACTING THYROID STIMULATOR (LATS) AND IODO-AMINO ACIDS IN LOCALIZED PRETIBIAL MYXOEDEMA
Authors: Samuelsson Sven-Mårten , Werner Ivar 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Three patients with so-called localized pretibial myxoedema were studied. The serum titre of LATS activity and the contents of iodo-amino acids were determined. One patient who simultaneously developed a diffuse toxic goitre and pretibial myxoedema showed a high titre of LATS. The second patient who developed pretibial myxoedema showed no LATS activity. This patient probably had a recurrence of Graves' disease in a nodular goitre. The third patient who developed pretibial myxoedema a few years after thyroidectomy for diffuse toxic goitre possibly had a low titre of LATS. The serum contents of iodo-amino acids were increased in cases 1 and 2. The analysis was unsuccessful in case 3.
The significance of the findings is briefly discussed. It is concluded that the development of pretibial myxoedema is not correlated with the occurrence of LATS.
EFFECT OF ERGOCORNINE METHANESULPHONATE ON THE LUTEOTROPHIC ACTIVITY OF THE ECTOPIC MOUSE TROPHOBLAST
Authors: Zeilmaker G. H. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Virgin mice received 2 blastocysts under the kidney capsule. Following an oestrous cycle which occurred 1–4 days after the operation, nearly all the animals became pseudopregnant.
It was found that pseudopregnancy induced by ectopic trophoblast could not be terminated by ergocornine administration. In contrast, this drug was effective in interrupting pseudopregnancy induced by sterile mating. The results confirm previous findings a) that placental luteotrophic hormone starts acting soon after blastocyst implantation and b) that ergocornine exerts no direct effect on the ovary.
DISSOCIATION OF STIMULATORY EFFECTS OF CORTICOTROPHIN ON ADRENAL CORTICOSTERONE AND PROTEIN SYNTHESIS FOLLOWING HYPOPHYSECTOMY
Authors: Scriba P. C. , Kluge F. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
At various intervals after hypophysectomy some dissociation of stimulation by corticotrophin (ACTH) treatment of the activity of a factor in adrenal homogenates, previously shown to be rate limiting for in vitro 14C-glycine incorporation into adrenal proteins, from stimulation by ACTH of the in vivo secretion of corticosterone, was found.
MICROCHEMICAL ASSAYS OF GLUCOSE AND GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE IN MAMMALIAN PANCREATIC β-CELLS
Authors: Idahl Lars-Ake , Hellman Bo 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The combination of enzymatic cycling and fluorometry was used for measuring glucose and glucose-6-phosphate in pancreatic β-cells from obese-hyperglycaemic mice. The glucose level of the β-cells corresponded to that of serum over a wide concentration range. In the exocrine pancreas, on the other hand, a significant barrier to glucose diffusion across the cell membranes was demonstrated. During 5 min of ischaemia, the glucose level remained practically unchanged in the β-cells while it increased in the liver and decreased in the brain. The observation that the pancreatic β-cells are characterized by a relatively low ratio of glucose-6-phosphate to glucose may be attributed to the presence of a specific glucose-6-phosphatase.
ACUTE ENZYME HISTOCHEMICAL CHANGES IN THE ZONA GLOMERULOSA OF THE RAT ADRENAL CORTEX
Authors: Elema J. D. , Hardonk M. J. , Koudstaal Joh, , Arends A. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Acute changes in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and isocitrate dehydrogenase activity in the zona glomerulosa of the rat adrenal cortex were induced by peritoneal dialysis with 5 % glucose. Although less clear, the activity of 3β-ol-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase also seemed to increase as well. No changes were seen in the activity of succinate dehydrogenase. Dialysis with 0.9 % NaCl had no effect on any of the enzymes investigated. The possible significance of these observations is discussed.
POST HEPARIN PLASMA LIPOPROTEIN LIPASE ACTIVITY IN THYROID DISEASE
Authors: Kirkeby Knut , Bjerkedal Inger 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Plasma post heparin lipoprotein lipase activity (LLA) has been studied in patients with hyper- and hypothyroidism and in rabbits made thyrotoxic with thyroxine.
The hypothyroid patients had high triglyceride and low LLA values as compared with a control group of healthy subjects. Statistically highly significant negative correlation was found between the triglycerides in fasting patients and the post heparin LLA, indicating a causal relationship, possibly with disturbance of chylomicron degradation due to low LLA in the arterial wall.
However, relatively low LLA values were also demonstrated in hyperthyroid patients as well as in rabbits following treatment with thyroxine for 3 weeks.
A stimulating effect of the thyroid hormones on the synthesis and degradation of lipoprotein lipase may be a possible explanation for these apparently contradictory findings.
ZUR HISTOTOPOGRAPHIE DES JODSTOFFWECHSELS IN ENDEMISCHEN STRUMEN UND IN GESUNDEN SCHILDDRÜSEN
Authors: Riccabona G. , Hess P. , Huber P. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
55 patients from endemic goiter areas in western Austria were studied. 47 of them were goitrous, 8 had normal thyroids and served as controls. After the thyroidal iodine kinetics were followed with 125I, thyroid tissue was obtained by excision and examined with chemical methods and autoradiography. The results give further evidence for the existence of 2 thyroidal iodine pools in goiters, while no similar conclusion could be made in the controls. The distribution of radioactivity in goiters was very unhomogenous. Our findings allowed a classification of euthyroid goiters in cases with low thyroidal iodine concentration (44 ± 11.7 μgI/g) and in iodine rich glands (156 ± 40.0 μgI/g). Both groups showed a rapid iodine turnover, normal uptake and a microfollicular structure on sections. In goiters with a high iodine concentration only a few follicles were active, the MIT/DIT-ratio was below 1. Low iodine goiters had more labelled follicles, a high MIT/DIT-ratio and there was an unexpected positive correlation between daily urinary I-excretion and radio-iodine – uptake values, which is explained by the assumption that the iodine metabolism of these patients was not in equilibrium.
The lack of epithelial activity in major parts of goitrous thyroids is understood as a severe disturbance in the adaptation to a proven iodine deficiency and is partly made responsible for the development of a moderate thyroid enlargement in endemic goiter zones into large goiters with tracheal and vascular obstruction. This partial inactivity of goitrous parenchyma is suggestive of regressive changes on the molecular level in endemic goiters.
THE VENTRAL PROSTATE WEIGHT METHOD IN HYPOPHYSECTOMIZED RATS FOR LUTEINIZING HORMONE
Authors: Christiansen Peter 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The influence of ovine follicle stimulating hormone (NIH-FSH-S-3) on ovine luteinizing hormone (NIH-LH-S-8) in the Ventral Prostate Weight method (VPW) was studied. Adding of NIH-FSH-S-3 to NIH-LH-S-8 at ratios of 1:1, 4:1 and 10:1 gave no significantly higher responses than did NIH-LH-S-8 alone.
Urinary extracts from 2 women, hypophysectomized for metastasizing mammary carcinoma and from 3 children between 2 and 5 years old (1 boy, 2 girls) gave no positive response with the doses employed (1/4 of a 24 hours urine sample total per rat). It is concluded that the Ventral Prostate Weight method in hypophysectomized rats is specific for the assay of luteinizing hormone.
HORMONAL INFLUENCE ON FIBRINOLYTIC ACTIVITY OF UTERUS AND VAGINA IN THE JUVENILE RAT
Authors: Tympanidis Konstantinos , Astrup Tage 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The influence of oestrogen, gestagen and gonadotrophins on the fibrinolytic activity of the juvenile rat uterus and vagina was studied histochemically using the fibrin slide technique. Tissue specimens were obtained from animals killed 48 hours after termination of hormone treatment. Oestradiol enhanced tissue fibrinolysis and produced areas of intense lysis along the endometrial surface epithelium and the vaginal mucosa. Progesterone had no enhancing effect on tissue fibrinolysis. Chorionic gonadotrophin and serum gonadotrophin had little or no enhancing effect on fibrinolysis in the uterus, though there was tremendous hypertrophy. In the vagina the increased cellular proliferation and desquamation was followed by an increase in fibrinolytic activity of the mucosa. In all specimens fibrinolysis was caused by an activator of plasminogen.
OESTROGEN BINDING SITES IN THE CHICKEN OVIDUCT SIMILAR TO THOSE OF THE MOUSE UTERUS
Authors: Terenius Lars 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Surviving oviducts and slices of the gizzard of 7–10 day old chickens were incubated at 37° C in a saline medium which contained tritium-labelled 17β-oestradiol. The oviducts took up more 17β-oestradiol than the slices of the gizzard. After washing the oviducts retained 10–20 times more 17β-oestradiol than the gizzard on a wet weight basis. The preferential uptake of 17β-oestradiol in the oviduct was reduced by dilution with unlabelled 17β-oestradiol and by several non-steroidal oestrogens. The optical isomers of the free phenol corresponding to Fenocyclin® and the stereoisomers of hexoestrol produced a quantitatively different inhibition of the uptake of 17β-oestradiol in the oviduct: the more oviductotrophic the isomer, the more potent was the inhibition of the uptake. Progesterone or testosterone did not inhibit the uptake in the oviduct. No hormone tested affected the residual concentration of 17β-oestradiol in the gizzard. A sulphydryl inhibitor, N-ethylmaleimide, inhibited the uptake and retention of 17β-oestradiol in the oviduct but not in the gizzard.
These findings show that in vitro the oviduct takes up oestrogens in a very specific way. This was previously found to be the case with the mammalian uterus. A comparison between the present data on the chicken oviduct with those of the mammalian uterus reveals many similarities.
IMMUNOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON THE HETEROGENEITY OF HUMAN GROWTH HORMONE (HGH)
Authors: Rohde W. , Dörner G. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The specific antigenic patterns of human growth hormone in various human pituitary extracts were determined by analysis in gel filtration, in starch gel and agar gel immunoelectrophoresis.
The analysis of pituitary extracts by gel filtration on Sephadex G-200 indicates that HGH complexes with different molecular weights were present in all tested pituitary extracts. The rate of formation of high molecular HGH was dependent on the extraction procedure used.
Altogether seven immunologically active components of HGH were detected by analysis of crude pituitary extracts in starch gel immunoelectrophoresis. The number and the rate of formed HGH components were dependent on the solvent used for the extraction of pituitary homogenates and on the sequence of extraction procedures. The electrophoretical patterns obtained were reproducible.
The electrophoretical behaviour of HGH of various pituitary extracts in agar gel also suggested the presence of multiple components. Three different positions were observed between the α1- and β1-globulins.
The analysis of pituitary extracts in the two dimensional double diffusion technique in agar gel using an absorbed anti-HGH-serum gave evidence of the antigenic homogeneity of HGH in the different preparations.
It is concluded that the electrophoretic heterogeneity of pituitary growth hormone preparations is already determined by the first step of the extraction.