bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In vitro investigation of the effects of Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus OLL1073R-1 exopolysaccharides on tight junction damage caused by influenza virus infection
Authors: Ishikawa Hiroki , Kuno Yoshihiro , Yokoo Takehiro , Nagashima Ryuichi , Takaki Takashi , Sasaki Hiraku , Kohda Chikara , Iyoda Masayuki 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
It is a problem that influenza virus infection increases susceptibility to secondary bacterial infection in lungs leading to lethal pneumonia. We previously reported that exopolysaccharides (EPS) derived from Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus OLL1073R-1 (OLL1073R-1) could prevent against influenza virus infection followed by secondary bacterial infection in vitro. Therefore, the present study assessed whether EPS derived OLL1073R-1 protects the alveolar epithelial barrier disfunction caused by influenza virus infection. After A549 cells treated with EPS or without EPS were infected influenza virus A/Puerto Rico/8/34 (IFV) for 12 h, the levels of tight junction genes expression and inflammatory genes expression were measured by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. As results, EPS treatment could protect against low-titer IFV infection, but not high-titer IFV infection, followed by suppression of the increased expression of inflammatory cytokine gene levels and recovery of the decrease in the expression level of ZO-1 gene that was caused by low-titer IFV infection, leading to an improvement trend in the barrier function. Our findings showed that EPS derived from OLL1073R-1 could inhibit low-titer IFV infection leading to maintenance of the epithelial barrier function through the suppression of inflammatory cytokine genes expression.
COVID-19 associated candidemia: From a shift in fungal epidemiology to a rise in azole drug resistance
Authors: Najafzadeh Mohammad Javad , Shaban Tahmineh , Zarrinfar Hossein , Sedaghat Alireza , Hosseinikargar Neginsadat , Berenji Fariba , Jalali Mahsa , Lackner Michaela , James Jasper Elvin , Ilkit Macit , Lass-Flörl Cornelia 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Our understanding of fungal epidemiology and the burden of antifungal drug resistance in COVID-19-associated candidemia (CAC) patients is limited. Therefore, we conducted a retrospective multicenter study in Iran to explore clinical and microbiological profiles of CAC patients. Yeast isolated from blood, were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and subjected to antifungal susceptibility testing (AFST) using the broth microdilution method M27-A3 protocol. A total of 0.6% of the COVID-19 patients acquired CAC (43/6174). Fluconazole was the most widely used antifungal, and 37% of patients were not treated. Contrary to historic candidemia patients, Candida albicans and C. tropicalis were the most common species. In vitro resistance was high and only noted for azoles; 50%, 20%, and 13.6% of patients were infected with azole-non-susceptible (ANS) C. tropicalis, C. parapsilosis, and C. albicans isolates, respectively. ERG11 mutations conferring azole resistance were detected for C. parapsilosis isolates (Y132F), recovered from an azole-naïve patient. Our study revealed an unprecedented rise in ANS Candida isolates, including the first C. parapsilosis isolate carrying Y132F, among CAC patients in Iran, which potentially threatens the efficacy of fluconazole, the most widely used drug in our centers. Considering the high mortality rate and 37% of untreated CAC cases, our study underscores the importance of infection control strategies and antifungal stewardship to minimize the emergence of ANS Candida isolates during COVID-19.
Resolved properties of classical bulge and pseudo-bulge galaxies
Authors: Hu Jia , Wang Lan , Ge Junqiang , Zhu Kai , Zeng Guangquan 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
We compare properties of classical and pseudo-bulges and properties of their hosting galaxies selected from the MaNGA survey. Bulge types are identified based on the Sérsic index n of bulge component and the position of bulges on the Kormendy diagram. For the 393 classical bulges and 422 pseudo-bulges selected and their hosting galaxies, we study their kinematic properties including a proxy for specific angular momentum and central velocity dispersion, their stellar population properties including stellar age, metallicity, and specific star formation rate, as well as H i fractions of the galaxies. Our results show that at given stellar mass, disc components of pseudo-bulge galaxies are younger, have more active star formation, rotate more, and may contain more H i content compared with those of classical bulge galaxies, and the differences are larger than those between bulges themselves. The correlations between bulge types and disc properties indicate that different types of bulges are shaped by different processes that may regulate both growth of central components and evolution of outer discs in galaxies. In addition, we propose a stellar mass dependent divider of central velocity dispersion to separate galaxies with classical bulges from those with pseudo-bulges in galaxy mass range of $10.4\lt \mathrm{log}(M_*/\rm M_\odot)\lt 11.4$: $\mathrm{log}(\sigma _0) = 0.23 \times \mathrm{log}(M_*/\rm M_\odot)-0.46$. Galaxies with larger/smaller σ0 can be classified as hosts of classical/pseudo-bulges.
Timing analysis of the newly discovered black hole candidate Swift J1727.8−1613 with Insight-HXMT
Authors: Yu Wei , Bu Qing-Cui , Zhang Shuang-Nan , Liu He-Xin , Zhang Liang , Ducci Lorenzo , Tao Lian , Santangelo Andrea , Doroshenko Victor , Huang Yue , Yang Zi-Xu , Qu Jin-Lu 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
We present the results obtained from an X-ray timing study of the new black hole candidate Swift J1727.8−1613. The work is based on Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope (Insight-HXMT) observations carried out during the 2023 outburst. Prominent type-C low-frequency Quasi-periodic Oscillations (LFQPOs) are detected throughout the observations. With the substantial effective area of the Insight-HXMT at high energies, we examine the energy dependence of various parameters, including the centroid frequency, fractional rms, and phase lags of the type-C QPOs. Our findings align closely with those observed in high-inclination systems. During the initial stage of the outburst, a peaked noise component is also detected, the frequency of which is highly correlated with the LFQPO frequency, aligning with the Psaltis–Belloni–van der Klis relation. By assuming that the peaked noise originates from the precession of the accretion disc, the spin of this source can be constrained. Our results suggest that this source may possess a high spin.
Radio-to-submillimetre spectral energy distributions of NGC 1365
Authors: Chen Guangwen , Bendo George J , Fuller Gary A , Zhang Hong-Xin , Kong Xu 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
We analyse the radio-to-submillimetre spectral energy distribution (SED) for the central pseudo-bulge of NGC 1365 using archival data from the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) and the Very Large Array. This analysis shows that free–free emission dominates the continuum emission at 50–120 GHz and produces about 75 per cent of the 103 GHz continuum emission. However, the fraction of 103 GHz continuum emission originating from free–free emission varies significantly among different subregions in the pseudo-bulge, particularly for an outflow from the active galactic nuclei (AGN) on the eastern pseudo-bulge where the synchrotron emission produces half of the 103 GHz continuum emission. Free–free emission also dominates at 103 GHz within the central 400 pc diameter region, but this emission is associated with the AGN rather than star formation. The star formation rate (SFR) within the pseudo-bulge derived from the ALMA free–free emission is 8.9 ± 1.1 M⊙ yr−1. This is comparable to the SFR from the mid-infrared emission but higher than the SFR from the extinction-corrected H α line emission, mainly because the pseudo-bulge is heavily dust obscured. The 1.5 GHz emission yields a comparable SFR for the pseudo-bulge but may have lower SFRs within subregions of the pseudo-bulge because of the diffusion outside of these regions of the electrons producing the synchrotron radiation. We propose that applying a correction factor of 75 per cent to the 80–110 GHz continuum emission could provide valuable estimates of the free–free emission without performing any SED decomposition, which could derive extinction-free SFRs within 20 per cent accuracy.
The Origin and Evolution of Sex Peptide and Sex Peptide Receptor Interactions
Authors: Peng Junhui , Svetec Nicolas , Molina Henrik , Zhao Li 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Post-mating responses play a vital role in successful reproduction across diverse species. In fruit flies, sex peptide binds to the sex peptide receptor, triggering a series of post-mating responses. However, the origin of sex peptide receptor predates the emergence of sex peptide. The evolutionary origins of the interactions between sex peptide and sex peptide receptor and the mechanisms by which they interact remain enigmatic. In this study, we used ancestral sequence reconstruction, AlphaFold2 predictions, and molecular dynamics simulations to study sex peptide–sex peptide receptor interactions and their origination. Using AlphaFold2 and long-time molecular dynamics simulations, we predicted the structure and dynamics of sex peptide–sex peptide receptor interactions. We show that sex peptide potentially binds to the ancestral states of Diptera sex peptide receptor. Notably, we found that only a few amino acid changes in sex peptide receptor are sufficient for the formation of sex peptide–sex peptide receptor interactions. Ancestral sequence reconstruction and molecular dynamics simulations further reveal that sex peptide receptor interacts with sex peptide through residues that are mostly involved in the interaction interface of an ancestral ligand, myoinhibitory peptides. We propose a potential mechanism whereby sex peptide–sex peptide receptor interactions arise from the preexisting myoinhibitory peptides–sex peptide receptor interface as well as early chance events both inside and outside the preexisting interface that created novel sex peptide-specific sex peptide–sex peptide receptor interactions. Our findings provide new insights into the origin and evolution of sex peptide–sex peptide receptor interactions and their relationship with myoinhibitory peptides–sex peptide receptor interactions.
Simulation-based caregiving skills training for family members of high-grade glioma patients
Authors: Whisenant Meagan , Weathers Shiao-Pei , Li Yisheng , Aldrich Ellen , Ownby Kristin , Thomas Jessica , Ngo-Huang An , Bruera Eduardo , Milbury Kathrin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Because family caregivers of patients with a high-grade glioma experience high levels of distress and feel unprepared to perform the complex caregiving tasks associated with the disease and its treatment, we pilot-tested a caregiving skills intervention that integrates hands-on caregiving with coping skill training.

Methods
In this single-arm trial, caregivers participated in a 4-session research nurse-led intervention involving simulation-based caregiving skills training at the hospital and psychoeducation delivered via videoconference. We collected measures of patients’ and caregivers’ psychological symptoms; caregivers’ caregiving self-efficacy and role adjustment; and patients' cancer-related symptoms (MDASI) at baseline and again postintervention. We tracked feasibility data.

Results
We approached 29 dyads of which 10 dyads (34%) consented. All patients (mean age: 60 years, 89% male) and caregivers (mean age: 58 years, 80% female, 80% spouses) completed the baseline and 7 dyads completed the follow-up assessments (attrition was related to patient’s hospice transfer). Seven caregivers completed all 4 sessions and rated the program as beneficial. Paired t-tests revealed a significant improvement in caregiving self-efficacy at 6 weeks postintervention (t = –3.06, P = .02). Although improvements in caregiver role adjustment and patient and caregiver symptoms were not observed, no decreases in symptom burden or role adjustment were found during the follow-up period.

Conclusions
This novel supportive care program appears to be safe, feasible, acceptable, and perceived as useful for caregivers of patients with high-grade glioma. Based on feasibility indicators and a signal of intervention efficacy, a randomized controlled trial is warranted.
Thylakoid supplementation and hunger and fullness perception: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Nikrad Negin , Sarghein Mehdi Ghaffari , Abbasalizad Farhangi Mahdieh 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Context
It has been suggested that thylakoid supplementation could be associated with favorable changes in appetite. However, the present trials are inconsistent.

Objective
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate whether thylakoid supplementation is effective in hunger/fullness changes.

Data Sources
A comprehensive literature search was performed before conducting a systematic search in PubMed, Scopus, and ISI Web of Sciences databases up to May 2023.

Data Extraction
Of the 262 articles found, 5 articles that measured hunger fullness expressed as ratings on the visual analog scale (VAS) for appetite analyses were selected and thoroughly examined. Relevant information, such as the authors' names, year of publication, country of origin, study design, number and status of participants, intervention dosage and type, study duration, assay used, and key findings, was extracted from these articles. The Jadad scale was used to evaluate the quality of studies.

Data Analysis
The data were obtained using STATA version 13 (StataCorp). Effect sizes were reported as weighted mean differences (WMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup analyses were performed to estimate whether the effects of thylakoid supplementation on hunger and fullness varied according to dose, intervention duration, baseline population age and body mass index, baseline hunger and fullness, total sample size, and study quality. Fractional polynomial modeling was carried out to estimate time- and dose-response meta-analysis of the association between thylakoid and satiety and fullness. The meta-analysis also suggests a significant association between the combination of thylakoids with meals and reduced hunger (WMD: –2.415 mm; 95% CI: –3.544, –1.287; P &lt; 0.001) and increased fullness (WMD: +4.602 mm; 95% CI: 2.356, 6.848; P &lt; 0.001). Further analysis showed that thylakoid supplementation with 2 doses of 5 g/day (P = 0.002) and 7.4 g/day (P = 0.021) is more effective in reducing the feeling of hunger during an intervention of less than 56 days (P &lt; 0.001) and with a lower level of hunger (VAS &lt;45 mm, P &lt; 0.001). Furthermore, a significant increase in the perception of fullness was found at a duration of less than 84 days (P &lt; 0.001) and baseline fullness of more than 45 mm (P &lt; 0.001).

Conclusions
Supplementation with thylakoid shows favorable effects on reducing hunger and increasing fullness during a shorter intervention duration. Further trials are required to shed light on this relationship.

Systematic Review Registration
PROSPERO registration no. CRD42023432429.
Drug Exposure of Long-Acting Cabotegravir and Rilpivirine in Older People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A Pharmacokinetic Modeling Study
Authors: Bettonte Sara , Berton Mattia , Stader Felix , Battegay Manuel , Marzolini Catia 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
The life expectancy of people with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH) has significantly increased, thanks to combined antiretrovirals with improved potency and tolerability. One further step has been achieved with the development of long-acting (LA) injectable antiretrovirals, which allow for infrequent dosing. However, the pharmacokinetics of LA antiretrovirals has been poorly characterized in older PWH, as they are generally excluded from trials. We performed virtual studies using physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling to determine the anticipated exposure of LA cabotegravir/rilpivirine in older individuals.

Methods
Our PBPK model was verified against available observed data for LA cabotegravir and rilpivirine. Cohorts of virtual individuals aged 20–50, 50–65, or 65–85 years were generated to simulate the exposure of LA cabotegravir/rilpivirine for each age group. The fold changes in trough concentration (Cmin) and in drug exposure (area under the time-concentration curve [AUC]) were determined for older relative to young individuals.

Results
The verified PBPK models predicted an increase in exposure within the 0.8–1.25 fold range for monthly LA cabotegravir/rilpivirine. The Cmin and AUC were predicted to be 29% and 26% higher in older compared with young adults for LA cabotegravir administered bimonthly (every 2 months) and 46% and 41% higher for LA rilpivirine bimonthly. The Cmin and AUC of LA cabotegravir and rilpivirine were predicted to be modestly increased in female compared with male individuals for all age groups.

Conclusions
LA cabotegravir/rilpivirine exposure and trough concentrations are predicted to be higher in older than in young PWH; thus, older adults could have a lower risk to present suboptimal concentrations during the dosing interval.
Identifying General Practitioners’ Antibiotic Prescribing Profiles Based on National Health Reimbursement Data
Authors: Arias Pauline , Matta Matta , Strazzulla Alessio , Le Mener Christine , Gallien Sébastien , Diamantis Sylvain 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Antibiotic selection pressure in human medicine is a significant driver of antibiotic resistance in humans. The primary aspect of antibiotic consumption is associated with general practitioner (GP) prescriptions. We aimed to identify prescriber profiles for targeted antimicrobial stewardship programs using novel indicators.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2018 investigating GPs’ antibiotic prescriptions in a French department, utilizing the reimbursement database of the national health service. Three antibiotic prescribing indicators were used. Specific targets were established for each indicator to identify the antibiotic prescribers most likely contributing to the emergence of resistance.

Results
Over 2018, we had 2,908,977 visits to 784 GPs, leading to 431,549 antibiotic prescriptions. Variations between GPs were shown by the 3 indicators. The median antibiotic prescription rate per visit was 13.6% (interquartile range [IQR], 9.8%–17.7%). Median ratios of the prescriptions of low-impact antibiotics to the prescriptions of high-impact antibiotics and of amoxicillin prescriptions to amoxicillin–clavulanic acid prescriptions were 2.5 (IQR, 1.7–3.7) and 2.94 (IQR, 1.7–5), respectively. We found 163 (21%) high prescribers of antibiotics with 3 distinct patterns: The first group overuses broad-spectrum antibiotics but without an overprescription rate per visit, the second group displays an overprescription rate but no excessive use of broad-spectrum antibiotics, and the third group shows both an overprescription rate and excessive use of broad-spectrum antibiotics.

Conclusions
Prescription-based indicators enable the identification of distinct profiles of antibiotic prescribers. This identification may allow for targeted implementation of stewardship programs focused on the specific prescribing patterns of each profile.
Regulatory networks in plant responses to drought and cold stress
Authors: Kim June-Sik , Kidokoro Satoshi , Yamaguchi-Shinozaki Kazuko , Shinozaki Kazuo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Drought and cold represent distinct types of abiotic stress, each initiating unique primary signaling pathways in response to dehydration and temperature changes, respectively. However, a convergence at the gene regulatory level is observed where a common set of stress-responsive genes is activated to mitigate the impacts of both stresses. In this review, we explore these intricate regulatory networks, illustrating how plants coordinate distinct stress signals into a collective transcriptional strategy. We delve into the molecular mechanisms of stress perception, stress signaling, and the activation of gene regulatory pathways, with a focus on insights gained from model species. By elucidating both the shared and distinct aspects of plant responses to drought and cold, we provide insight into the adaptive strategies of plants, paving the way for the engineering of stress-resilient crop varieties that can withstand a changing climate.
Heterodimerization domains in MAP4 KINASEs determine subcellular localization and activity in Arabidopsis
Authors: Pan Lixia , Fonseca de Lima Cassio Flavio , Vu Lam Dai , van de Cotte Brigitte , De Winne Nancy , Gevaert Kris , De Jaeger Geert , De Smet Ive 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Signal transduction relies largely on the activity of kinases and phosphatases that control protein phosphorylation. However, we still know very little about phosphorylation-mediated signaling networks. Plant MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE KINASE KINASE KINASEs (MAP4Ks) have recently gained more attention, given their role in a wide range of processes, including developmental processes and stress signaling. We analyzed MAP4K expression patterns and mapped protein–MAP4K interactions in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), revealing extensive coexpression and heterodimerization. This heterodimerization is regulated by the C-terminal, intrinsically disordered half of the MAP4K, and specifically by the coiled coil motif. The ability to heterodimerize is required for proper activity and localization of the MAP4Ks. Taken together, our results identify MAP4K-interacting proteins and emphasize the functional importance of MAP4K heterodimerization. Furthermore, we identified MAP4K4/TARGET OF TEMPERATURE3 (TOT3) and MAP4K5/TOT3-INTERACTING PROTEIN 5 (TOI5) as key regulators of the transition from cell division to elongation zones in the primary root tip.
Exploring the role of uncertainty, emotions, and scientific discourse during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Lemor Antoine , Montpetit Éric 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This article examines the interplay between uncertainty, emotions, and scientific discourse in shaping COVID-19 policies in Quebec, Canada. Through the application of natural language processing (NLP) techniques, indices were developped to measure sentiments of uncertainty among policymakers, their negative sentiments, and the prevalence of scientific statements. The study reveals that while sentiments of uncertainty led to the adoption of stringent policies, scientific statements and the evidence they conveyed were associated with a relaxation of such policies, as they offered reassurance and mitigated negative sentiments. Furthermore, the findings suggest that scientific statements encouraged stricter policies only in contexts of high uncertainty. This research contributes to the theoretical understanding of the interplay between emotional and cognitive dynamics in health crisis policymaking. It emphasizes the need for a nuanced understanding of how science may be used in the face of uncertainty, especially when democratic processes are set aside. Methodologically, it demonstrates the potential of NLP in policy analysis.