bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge and perception of cereal farmers and extension agents on fungicide use in northern Ghana
Authors: Otoo James , Musah Ramat , Olita Toto , Ireland Kylie B. , Zerihun Ayalsew 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDAgricultural pesticide use in sub‐Saharan Africa has doubled over the past three decades, with a greater relative increase for fungicides. As pesticide inputs continue to rise, so does the potential for the development of resistance. Here, we report on a survey conducted to understand pesticide resistance awareness, pesticide‐use knowledge and practices of growers and agricultural extension officers (AEOs) in the cereals growing‐belt of northern Ghana, with emphasis on fungicides. The results may inform development of strategies for improving pesticide literacy including resistance awareness, extension services and crop protection outcomes.RESULTSThe survey revealed a low level of pesticide‐use knowledge for AEOs and growers. This was more so for growers with low education, predominantly women. Education level (and indirectly gender) influenced perceived effectiveness of fungicides and levels of adoption of cultural and agrochemical best practices. Only 28% of growers and 11% of AEOs practiced crop and fungicide rotations, respectively. More than half (53%) of the respondents indicated that fungicides used in northern Ghana are not effective.CONCLUSIONGiven the low level of pesticide literacy of AEOs and growers, training programs on best practice for the use of pesticides, with targeted initiatives for female growers, would improve crop protection outcomes and safety. The limited adoptions of crop rotation and repeated use of fungicides with the same active ingredients, along with >50% of respondents reporting ‘fungicides not working’ suggest the potential presence of fungicide resistance cases in growers' fields in the Northern region of Ghana. Further work is needed to determine the incidence of resistance in the region. It is recommended that a key policy priority should focus on understanding broader agrochemical‐use practices, crop losses and household‐level food security in the presence of resistance risks. © 2024 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
High‐dimensional feature screening for nonlinear associations with survival outcome using restricted mean survival time
Authors: Chen Yaxian , Fai Lam Kwok , Liu Zhonghua 
Published: April 2024

SummaryFeature screening is an important tool in analysing ultrahigh‐dimensional data, particularly in the field of Omics and oncology studies. However, most attention has been focused on identifying features that have a linear or monotonic impact on the response variable. Detecting a sparse set of variables that have a nonlinear or nonmonotonic relationship with the response variable is still a challenging task. To fill the gap, this paper proposed a robust model‐free screening approach for right‐censored survival data by providing a new perspective of quantifying the covariate effect on the restricted mean survival time, rather than the routinely used hazard function. The proposed measure, based on the difference between the restricted mean survival time of covariate‐stratified and overall data, is able to identify comprehensive types of associations including linear, nonlinear, nonmonotone and even local dependencies like change points. The sure screening property is established, and a more flexible iterative screening procedure is developed to increase the accuracy of the variable screening. Simulation studies are carried out to demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method in selecting important features with a complex association with the response variable. The potential of applying the proposed method to handle interval‐censored failure time data has also been explored in simulations, and the results have been promising. The method is applied to a breast cancer dataset to identify potential prognostic factors, which reveals potential associations between breast cancer and lymphoma.
The immune landscape and prognostic analysis of CXCL8 immune‐related genes in cervical squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Xiaoqian , Yang Jian , Feng Qianqian , Gu Liping , Qin Gongzhao , Cheng Chen , Hou Shunyu , Shi Zhouhong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCervical squamous cell carcinoma (CESC), one of the most common malignancies in women, imposes a significant burden on women's health worldwide. Despite extensive research, the molecular and pathogenic mechanisms of cervical squamous cell carcinoma and CESC remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the immune‐related genes, immune microenvironment infiltration, and prognosis of CESC, providing a theoretical basis for guiding clinical treatment. Initially, by mining four gene sets and immune‐related gene sets from public databases, 14 immune‐related genes associated with CESC were identified. Through univariate and multivariate COX regression analyses, as well as lasso regression analysis, four CESC‐independent prognostic genes were identified, and a prognostic model was constructed, dividing them into high and low‐risk groups. The correlation between these genes and immune cells and immune functions were explored through ssGSEA enrichment analysis, revealing a close association between the high‐risk group and processes such as angiogenesis and epithelial–mesenchymal transition. Furthermore, using public databases and qRT‐PCR experiments, significant differences in CXCL8 expression between normal cervical cells and cervical cancer cells were discovered. Subsequently, a CXCL8 knockdown plasmid was constructed, and the efficiency of CXCL8 knockdown was validated in two CESC cell lines, MEG‐01 and HCE‐1. Through CCK‐8, scratch, and Transwell assays, it was confirmed that CXCL8 knockdown could inhibit the proliferation, invasion, and migration abilities of CESC cells. Targeting CXCL8 holds promise for personalized therapy for CESC, providing a strong theoretical basis for achieving clinical translation.
Outcome of surgical correction of medial patellar luxation in dogs weighing less than 10 kg
Authors: Vodnarek Jakub , Schneider Eva , Bockstahler Barbara , Schnabl‐Feichter Eva 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundVarious trochleoplasty techniques, including trochlear wedge recession (TWR) and trochlear block recession (TBR), are used to treat dogs with medial patellar luxation (MPL). However, the objective outcomes of these surgical procedures are underreported.MethodsMedical records were obtained for dogs weighing less than 10 kg that underwent either TWR or TBR and tibial tuberosity transposition to address grade I–III MPL. Long‐term (at least 1 year after the last procedure) follow‐up included orthopaedic and radiographic examinations, such as osteoarthritis score (OAS), ground reaction force (GRF) analysis and canine brief pain inventory (CBPI).ResultsOverall, 20 dogs (26 stifles) were followed up in the long term. Minor postoperative complications, medial patellar reluxation (MPR) and intermittent lameness occurred in 46.15%, 19.23% and 15% of the dogs, respectively. MPR occurred only in TWR‐treated stifles, while mean OAS increased in all groups. Using the CBPI, the owners perceived an excellent or very good outcome in 95% of dogs.LimitationsThe limitations of the study include its retrospective observational nature, a lack of randomisation and a small sample size.ConclusionSurgical treatment resulted in a favourable outcome. GRF analysis could detect subtle differences in weight bearing in dogs treated for MPL, which might not be apparent clinically. There might be a higher risk for reluxation for TWR. However, a larger‐scale prospective study would be required to find which treatment is superior.
A hundred-year-old mystery—the reproductive mode and larval morphology of the enigmatic frog genus Allophryne (Amphibia; Anura; Allophrynidae)
Authors: dos Santos Dias Pedro Henrique , Delia Jesse , Taboada Carlos , Altig Ronald , Rada Marco 
Published: April 2024

AbstractFrogs of the Allophrynidae are an enigmatic family from South America. To date, published information is lacking regarding this group’s reproductive biology and larval morphology. Here, we provide the first detailed description of the reproductive mode, developmental mode, and tadpole morphology for Allophryne ruthveni. We developed a captive breeding and rearing protocol for this species and then conducted a series of observations to describe aspects of its reproductive biology. In captivity, this species exhibits aquatic oviposition, where single eggs are laid ungrouped within a simple jelly capsule and are scattered free in the water column before sinking to develop on benthic substrates. We did not observe parental care nor any parental interactions with eggs post-fertilization. Tadpoles are characterized by an oval body, anteroventral oral disc, a labial tooth row formula of 2(2)/3, and a dextral vent tube. The buccopharyngeal cavity is marked by the presence of two pairs of infralabial papilla and four lingual papillae. Cranial morphology is characterized by the presence of the commissura quadratoorbital. This species possesses an additional slip of the m. rectus cervicis and of the m. levator arcuum branchialium III. We discuss our results in comparison with glassfrogs (Centrolenidae).
Problematic social media use and psychological symptoms in adolescents
Authors: Mojtabai Ramin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This study examined time trends in significant child and adolescent psychological symptoms and explored the association of frequent and problematic social media use with these symptoms.

Methods
Time trends in psychological symptoms were assessed using data from five waves of the international survey of Health Behavior in School-aged Children (HBSC), conducted between 2001 and 2018 (N = 1,036,869). The associations of frequent and problematic social media use with significant psychological symptoms were assessed by hierarchical multinomial logistic regression using data from 2001–2002 and the 2017–2018 survey waves. The direction of effect between social media use variables and psychological symptoms was explored using Linear Non-Gaussian Acyclic Models (LiNGAM).

Results
Prevalence of more severe psychological symptoms increased from 6.7% in 2001–2002 to 10.4% in the 2017–2018 survey waves. The increase was especially large among 15-year old and older girls: from 10.9 to 19.1%. The higher prevalence of more severe psychological symptoms in 2017–2018 compared with 2001–2002 was eliminated after adjusting the model for problematic social media use. LiNGAM analysis supported the direction of effect going from social media use and problematic social media use to psychological symptoms.

Conclusions
The findings suggest that frequent and problematic use of social media contribute to the increasing trend of psychological symptoms in adolescents in recent years.
Changes in the ability to correctly identify schizophrenia and depression: results from general population surveys in Germany over 30 years
Authors: Grohmann Elise , Al-Addous Amani , Sander Christian , Dogan-Sander Ezgi , Baumann Eva , Angermeyer Matthias C. , Schomerus Georg 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to examine time trends in the ability to correctly identify schizophrenia and major depression within the German general population from 1990 to 2020, as an indicator of changing mental health literacy (MHL). Additionally, we investigated shifts in the use of stigmatizing language.

Methods
Our analysis is based on four waves of representative population surveys in Germany in 1990/1993 (West Germany: N = 2044, East Germany: N = 1563), 2001 (N = 5025), 2011 (N = 2455), and 2020 (N = 3042) using identical methodology. Respondents were presented with an unlabelled case vignette describing a person who exhibited symptoms of either schizophrenia or major depression. Participants were then asked to name the problem described in the vignette using an open-ended question.

Results
From 1990/1993 to 2020, correct identification of schizophrenia increased from 18% to 34% and from 27% to 46% for major depression. However, derogatory labels remained constant throughout all survey waves, particularly for schizophrenia (19% in 1990/1993 and 18% in 2020). For depression, more trivializing and potentially devaluing statements were recorded.

Conclusion
Despite the increasing use of psychiatric terminology among the general population, the persistence of derogatory labels suggests that improved MHL, reflected in higher recognition rates, may not automatically translate into a reduction in stigmatizing language. With depression, a normalization and trivialization of a severe illness could pose new challenges to people with major depression. Dedicated efforts to combat the stigma of severe mental illness are still needed.
Opening the black boxes of the black carpet in the era of risk society: a sociological analysis of AI, algorithms and big data at work through the case study of the Greek postal services
Authors: Kouroutzas Christos , Palamari Venetia 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis article draws on contributions from the Sociology of Science and Technology and Science and Technology Studies, the Sociology of Risk and Uncertainty, and the Sociology of Work, focusing on the transformations of employment regarding expanded automation, robotization and informatization. The new work patterns emerging due to the introduction of software and hardware technologies, which are based on artificial intelligence, algorithms, big data gathering and robotic systems are examined closely. This article attempts to “open the black boxes” of the “black carpet” (robotic sorting system) and examine the reorganization of Greek postal services through the introduction of software and hardware technologies, highlighting a) the high risk of flexible, pluralistic, decentralized (under)employment and aspects of the sub-politics of automation, b) the new forms of work organization and c) aspects of labor precariousness as a result of de-specialization or “flexible expertise” interconnected with new forms of inequalities based on AI, algorithms, big data and robots as reflected in the lived experiences of workers. The above are investigated through primary empirical social research in postal service companies in Greece.
Second-order productivity, second-order payoffs, and the Banzhaf value
Authors: Casajus André , Takeng Rodrigue Tido 
Published: April 2024

AbstractFirst, we suggest and discuss second-order versions of properties for solutions for TU games used to characterize the Banzhaf value, in particular, of standardness for two-player games, of the dummy player property, and of 2-efficiency. Then, we provide a number of characterizations of the Banzhaf value invoking the following properties: (i) [second-order standardness for two-player games or the second-order dummy player property] and 2-efficiency, (ii) standardness for one-player games, standardness for two-player games, and second-order 2-efficiency, (iii) standardness for one-player games, [second-order standardness for two-player games or the second-order dummy player property], and second-order 2-efficiency. These characterizations also work within the classes of simple games, of superadditive games, and of simple superadditive games.
Evaluating the mutagenicity of N-nitrosodimethylamine in 2D and 3D HepaRG cell cultures using error-corrected next generation sequencing
Authors: Seo Ji-Eun , Le Yuan , Revollo Javier , Miranda-Colon Jaime , Xu Hannah , McKinzie Page , Mei Nan , Chen Tao , Heflich Robert H. , Zhou Tong , Robison Timothy , Bonzo Jessica A. , Guo Xiaoqing 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHuman liver-derived metabolically competent HepaRG cells have been successfully employed in both two-dimensional (2D) and 3D spheroid formats for performing the comet assay and micronucleus (MN) assay. In the present study, we have investigated expanding the genotoxicity endpoints evaluated in HepaRG cells by detecting mutagenesis using two error-corrected next generation sequencing (ecNGS) technologies, Duplex Sequencing (DS) and High-Fidelity (HiFi) Sequencing. Both HepaRG 2D cells and 3D spheroids were exposed for 72 h to N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), followed by an additional incubation for the fixation of induced mutations. NDMA-induced DNA damage, chromosomal damage, and mutagenesis were determined using the comet assay, MN assay, and ecNGS, respectively. The 72-h treatment with NDMA resulted in concentration-dependent increases in cytotoxicity, DNA damage, MN formation, and mutation frequency in both 2D and 3D cultures, with greater responses observed in the 3D spheroids compared to 2D cells. The mutational spectrum analysis showed that NDMA induced predominantly A:T → G:C transitions, along with a lower frequency of G:C → A:T transitions, and exhibited a different trinucleotide signature relative to the negative control. These results demonstrate that the HepaRG 2D cells and 3D spheroid models can be used for mutagenesis assessment using both DS and HiFi Sequencing, with the caveat that severe cytotoxic concentrations should be avoided when conducting DS. With further validation, the HepaRG 2D/3D system may become a powerful human-based metabolically competent platform for genotoxicity testing.
Hibiscus sabdariffa-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) for fortified nutraceutical milks
Authors: Pimentel-Moral Sandra , Durazzo Alessandra , Lucarini Massimo , Fernández-Ochoa Álvaro , de la Luz Cádiz-Gurrea María , Arráez-Román David , Silva Amélia M. , Santini Antonello , Fonseca Joel , Segura-Carretero Antonio , Souto Eliana B. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe Hibiscus sabdariffa (H. sabdariffa) belongs to the Malvaceae family, and originates from Africa. It is characterized by a high polyphenols content (e.g., quercetin and anthocyanins), and has recognized bioactivity, that makes this plant an interesting resource for possible addition of its extracts to dairy beverages and obtain functional beverages. Nonetheless, it may be observed that many of these phenolic compounds are not stable depending on the environmental conditions. In this work, we propose the use of nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) as a carrier for the loading of H. sabdariffa extracts, for further incorporation in daily beverages. Polyphenols-enriched extracts from H. sabdariffa were obtained using two distinct extraction approaches: by (i) microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), or by (ii) pressurized liquid extraction (PLE). The obtained extracts were then loaded into NLC to obtain two distinct samples identified as: HS-MAE-NLC and HS-PLE-NLC. The developed nanoparticles were then incorporated into a dairy beverage for the production of fortified milks identified with the same names. The long-term stability, texture properties and in vitro release profile were evaluated. The results show that the fortified milks, HS-MAE-NLC and HS-PLE-NLC, were stable under stress conditions attributed to the enhanced stability provided by the protein content present in the milk. The in vitro release profile of quercetin and anthocyanins from NLC-enriched dairy beverage was more prolonged than the milk containing the non-loaded extract, fitting better to the Korsmeyers–Peppas model. From our results, NLC may be considered a potential approach to formulate photoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant bioactives from H. sabdariffa adding the extracts into dairy beverages to increase their bioavailability, and bioactivity.
Exploring tradeoffs among diet quality and environmental impacts in self-selected diets: a population-based study
Authors: Mazac Rachel , Hyyrynen Matti , Kaartinen Niina E. , Männistö Satu , Irz Xavier , Hyytiäinen Kari , Tuomisto Hanna L. , Lombardini Chiara 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Proposed sustainable diets often deviate dramatically from currently consumed diets, excluding or drastically reducing entire food groups. Moreover, their environmental sustainability tends to be measured only in terms of greenhouse gases emissions. The aim of this study was to overcome these limitations and identify a cluster of already adopted, relatively healthy diets with substantially lower environmental impacts than the average diet. We also aimed to estimate the reduction in multiple environmental impacts that could be achieved by shifting to this diet cluster and highlight possible tradeoffs among environmental impacts.

Methods
The diet clusters were identified by applying energy-adjusted multiple factor analysis and hierarchical clustering to the dietary data of the National FinHealth 2017 Study (n = 5125) harmonized with life cycle assessment data on food products from Agribalyse 3.0 and Agri-Footprint using nutrient intakes and global warming potential, land use, and eutrophication of marine and freshwater systems as the active variables.

Results
We identified five diet clusters, none of which had the highest overall diet quality and lowest impact for all four environmental indicators. One cluster, including twenty percent of the individuals in the sample was identified as a “best compromise” diet with the highest diet quality and the second lowest environmental impacts of all clusters, except for freshwater eutrophication. The cluster did not exclude any food groups, but included more fruits, vegetables, and fish and less of all other animal-source foods than average. Shifting to this cluster diet could raise diet quality while achieving significant reductions in most but not all environmental impacts.

Conclusion
There are tradeoffs among the environmental impacts of diets. Thus, future dietary analyses should consider multiple sustainability indicators simultaneously. Cluster analysis is a useful tool to help design tailored, socio-culturally acceptable dietary transition paths towards high diet quality and lower environmental impact.
Naming fMRI-guided white matter language tract volumes influence naming decline after temporal lobe resection
Authors: Trimmel Karin , Vos Sjoerd B. , Binding Lawrence , Caciagli Lorenzo , Xiao Fenglai , van Graan Louis A. , Koepp Matthias J. , Thompson Pamela J. , Duncan John S. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Objective
The aim of this study was to explore the relation of language functional MRI (fMRI)-guided tractography with postsurgical naming decline in people with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE).

Methods
Twenty patients with unilateral TLE (9 left) were studied with auditory and picture naming functional MRI tasks. Activation maxima in the left posterobasal temporal lobe were used as seed regions for whole-brain fibre tractography. Clinical naming performance was assessed preoperatively, 4 months, and 12 months following temporal lobe resection. Volumes of white matter language tracts in both hemispheres as well as tract volume laterality indices were explored as moderators of postoperative naming decline using Pearson correlations and multiple linear regression with other clinical variables.

Results
Larger volumes of white matter language tracts derived from auditory and picture naming maxima in the hemisphere of subsequent surgery as well as stronger lateralization of picture naming tract volumes to the side of surgery correlated with greater language decline, which was independent of fMRI lateralization status. Multiple regression for picture naming tract volumes was associated with a significant decline of naming function with 100% sensitivity and 93% specificity at both short-term and long-term follow-up.

Interpretation
Naming fMRI-guided white matter language tract volumes relate to postoperative naming decline after temporal lobe resection in people with TLE. This can assist stratification of surgical outcome and minimize risk of postoperative language deficits in TLE.