bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unraveling the cryptic Bemisia tabaci species complex: Global phylogenomic analysis reveals evolutionary relationships and biogeographic patterns
Authors: Wang Hualing , Geng Shilong , Liu Shusheng , Li Zhongtao , Cameron Stephen , Lei Teng , Xu Wei , Liu Qing , Zuo Shuang , Omongo Christopher A. , Maruthi M. N. , Mugerwa Habibu , Wang Xiaowei , Liu Yinquan , Navas‐Castillo Jesús , Fiallo‐Olivé Elvira , Lee Kyeong‐Yeoll , Krause‐Sakate Renate , Delatte Hélène , Ng James , Seal Susan , Colvin John 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBemisia tabaci is a complex of cryptic agro‐economically important pest species characterized by diverse clades, substantial genetic diversity along with strong phylogeographic associations. However, a comprehensive phylogenomic analysis across the entire complex has been lacking, we thus conducted phylogenomic analyses and explored biogeographic patterns using 680 single‐copy nuclear genes (SCNs) obtained from whole‐genome sequencing data of 58 globally sourced B. tabaci specimens. We constructed both concatenation and coalescent trees using 680 SCNs, which produced highly supported bootstrap values and nearly identical topologies for all major clades. When comparing these concatenation trees with those constructed using mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (mtCOI) and mitochondrial genome, we found conflicting phylogenetic relationships, with the later trees recovering fewer major clades. In a separate comparison between concatenation and coalescent trees, particularly those generated using IQ‐TREE, they were found to delineate population relationships more effectively than RaxML. In contrast, coalescent phylogenies were proficient in elucidating geographical dispersal patterns and the reorganization of biological species. Furthermore, we provided a strict consensus tree that clearly defines relationships within most clades, laying a solid foundation for future research on the evolution and taxonomy of B. tabaci. Ancestral range estimates suggested that the ancestral region of the complex is likely situated in equatorial Africa, the Middle East, and Mediterranean regions. Subsequently, the expansion occurred into part of the Palearctic and further into the Nearctic, Neotropical, Indomalayan, and Australasian regions. These findings challenge both previous classifications and origin hypotheses, offering a notably more comprehensive understanding of the global distribution, evolutionary history, diversification, and biogeography of B. tabaci.
Can place‐based crime prevention impacts be sustained over long durations? 11‐Year follow‐up of a quasi‐experimental evaluation of a CCTV project
Authors: Piza Eric L. , Welsh Brandon C. , Reid Savannah A. , Hatten David N. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractResearch summaryA long‐standing critique of place‐based crime prevention interventions has been that any reductions in crime are often short‐lived. If researchers do not carry out longer‐duration follow‐ups, we cannot know for sure if the effects of these interventions will persist, decay, or even strengthen. Using a rigorous microsynthetic control design, we evaluated the long‐term impacts of a large‐scale, public‐area closed‐circuit television (CCTV) surveillance project in Newark, New Jersey. Results show that the CCTV project was associated with a statistically significant reduction of auto theft in the intermediate term (3–4 years). The reduction of auto theft approached statistical significance (p = 0.08) during the short term (1–2 years). The analysis also observed potential displacement effects, with displacement of robbery (p = 0.09) in the short term (1–2 years) and theft from auto (p = 0.06) in the long term (9–11 years) approaching statistical significance.Policy implicationsThe results of this study may suggest the potential for a slightly modified view of deterrence decay. The CCTV project's effect on auto theft grew from approaching significant to statistically significant between the short‐term and intermediate‐term periods. Such “sleeper effects” suggest that an extended period was necessary for CCTV to generate deterrence. The deterrence decay during the long‐term period did not occur until after these sleeper effects emerged, which may be understood as deterrence attenuation. Although only approaching statistical significance—and not as pronounced as the reduction of auto theft—the potential displacement of robbery and theft from auto indicates that static CCTV target areas may facilitate offenders taking advantage of nearby crime opportunities while appearing inconspicuous within CCTV viewsheds. In sum, policymakers should be mindful that research evidence limited to short‐term impacts may fail to detect nuanced effects relevant for policy and public guidance.
Migration, Human Supply Chains, and the Multinational Enterprise: Confronting an Overlooked Global Mobility Challenge
Authors: Žilinskaitė Milda , Hajro Aida , Baldassari Paul , Miska Christof 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTOver the past 2 decades, multinational enterprises (MNEs) have significantly increased their reliance on migrant workers in lower‐skilled jobs within global supply chains (GSCs)—a phenomenon largely overlooked in global mobility scholarship. In this provocation paper, we aim to broaden the scope of traditional debates in this field by introducing the concept of human supply chains, originally coined by labor‐law scholar Jennifer Gordon (2017). We adapt and extend this concept to focus on MNEs as research targets, defining it through the policies and/or practices aimed at transnational labor recruitment, management, and retention applied to migrant workforces in their GSCs. We advocate for the need to engage with this critical topic in global mobility research and outline key pathways for future inquiry.
Cgsim: An R Package for Simulation of Population Genetics for Conservation and Management Applications
Authors: Zimmerman Shawna J. , Oyler‐McCance Sara J. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTWildlife conservation and management increasingly considers genetic information to plan, understand and evaluate implemented population interventions. These actions commonly include conservation translocation and population reductions through removals. Change in genetic variation in response to management actions can be unintuitive due to the influence of multiple interacting drivers (e.g. genetic drift, life history traits, environmental stochasticity). Simulation is an excellent tool to understand the predicted consequences of different proposed or implemented actions. However, the genetic simulators that are robust to a wide variety of life history traits also have a steep learning curve to appropriately parameterize common management actions. To fill this gap, we have developed cgsim, an R package for simulating the genetic consequences of common management interventions for populations of wildlife species. We developed a set of functions to specifically understand the effects of four main aspects of managing small, declining or isolated populations: loss of genetic diversity to drift, augmenting existing populations (e.g. translocation), population reduction through targeted removals and population catastrophes driven by stochastic extrinsic forces. Our single population simulation model is individual‐based, and flexible to a range of life history traits. Here we validate cgsim through comparison of simulations to theoretical expectations of genetic diversity loss and illustrate its applied utility by focusing on a recently published empirical example for the Greater Sage‐Grouse. Cgsim is available as an R package at: https://doi.org/10.5066/P1BXBEXJ.
Fracture Risk Linked to Proton Pump Inhibitors Versus H2 Receptor Antagonists in Autoimmune Rheumatic and Gastrointestinal Disease Patients
Authors: Zeng Miaoyu , Lee Yung‐Heng , Wang Shiow‐Ing , Palmowski Andriko , Chu Wei‐Min , Buttgereit Frank 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo understand if proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) usage associated with an increased risk of fractures among adult patients diagnosed with autoimmune rheumatic and gastrointestinal diseases, compared with H2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs) usage.MethodsWe used the TriNetX US collaborative database for the study, which includes detailed demographic information, diagnostic and procedural data, medication details, laboratory results, genomic information, and healthcare utilization metrics. We analyzed 61 healthcare organizations to compare fracture risks associated with PPIs and H2RAs in adults, particularly those diagnosed with autoimmune rheumatic and gastrointestinal diseases. Propensity score matching acted as a control for demographic and clinical variables.ResultsThe study involved 1 717 598 patients, focusing on 16 299 who were new users of PPIs and 16 299 H2RAs users after propensity score matching. Over a 24‐month follow‐up period, no significant differences in fracture risks were observed between the PPI and H2RA groups in the overall cohort (hazard ratio, HR = 1.369, 95% confidence interval, CI = 0.933–2.009). However, subgroup analysis indicated that senior patients (≥ 65 years) who had been administered PPIs experienced a significantly higher risk of fractures (HR = 1.927 [1.153–3.221]), particularly non‐vertebral fractures (HR = 2.379 [1.214–4.661]), when compared to their counterparts who had been prescribed H2RAs. Notably, the simultaneous use of PPIs and glucocorticoids further increased the fracture risk (HR = 4.273 [2.219–8.227]).ConclusionsThe study demonstrates that patients diagnosed with autoimmune rheumatic and gastrointestinal diseases who were aged 65+ face increased fracture risks when using PPIs, particularly when there is a simultaneous intake of glucocorticoids.
Longevity Humans Have Youthful Erythrocyte Function and Metabolic Signatures
Authors: Yu Fang , Chen Changhan , Liu Wuping , Zhao Zhixiang , Fan Yuhua , Li Zhenjiang , Huang Weilun , Xie Tingting , Luo Cheng , Yao Zhouzhou , Guo Qi , Yang Zhiyu , Liu Juan , Zhang Yujin , Kellems Rodney E. , Xia Jian , Li Ji , Xia Yang 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTLongevity individuals have lower susceptibility to chronic hypoxia, inflammation, oxidative stress, and aging‐related diseases. It has long been speculated that “rejuvenation molecules” exist in their blood to promote extended lifespan. We unexpectedly discovered that longevity individuals exhibit erythrocyte oxygen release function similar to young individuals, whereas most elderly show reduced oxygen release capacity. Untargeted erythrocyte metabolomics profiling revealed that longevity individuals are characterized by youth‐like metabolic reprogramming and these metabolites effectively differentiate the longevity from the elderly. Quantification analyses led us to identify multiple novel longevity‐related metabolites within erythrocytes including adenosine, sphingosine‐1‐phosphate (S1P), and glutathione (GSH) related amino acids. Mechanistically, we revealed that increased bisphosphoglycerate mutase (BPGM) and reduced MFSD2B protein levels in the erythrocytes of longevity individuals collaboratively work together to induce elevation of intracellular S1P, promote the release of glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) from membrane to the cytosol, and thereby orchestrate glucose metabolic reprogramming toward Rapoport–Luebering Shunt to induce the 2,3‐BPG production and trigger oxygen delivery. Furthermore, increased glutamine and glutamate transporter expression coupled with the enhanced intracellular metabolism underlie the elevated GSH production and the higher anti‐oxidative stress capacity in the erythrocytes of longevity individuals. As such, longevity individuals displayed less systemic hypoxia‐related metabolites and more antioxidative and anti‐inflammatory metabolites in the plasma, thereby healthier clinical outcomes including lower inflammation parameters as well as better glucose–lipid metabolism, and liver and kidney function. Overall, we identified that youthful erythrocyte function and metabolism enable longevity individuals to better counteract peripheral tissue hypoxia, inflammation, and oxidative stress, thus maintaining healthspan.
Development of a Short Telomere Zebrafish Model for Accelerated Aging Research and Antiaging Drug Screening
Authors: Hernández‐Silva David , López‐Abellán María D. , Martínez‐Navarro Francisco J. , García‐Castillo Jesús , Cayuela María L. , Alcaraz‐Pérez Francisca 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIncreased life expectancy is associated with a higher risk of age‐related diseases, which represent a major public health challenge. Animal models play a crucial role in aging research, enabling the study of diseases at the organism level and facilitating drug development and repurposing. Among these models, zebrafish stands out as an excellent in vivo system due to its unique characteristics. However, the longevity of zebrafish is a limitation for research, as it often takes too long to obtain results within a reasonable timeframe. To address this, we have developed a short telomere zebrafish line (ST2) with a premature aging phenotype during the larval stage. Although less extreme than the tert‐deficient G2 larvae, ST2 larvae exhibit reduced telomerase expression and activity, along with shortened telomeres. they also exhibit increased cellular senescence, apoptosis, and premature death. As a proof of concept, we evaluated the antiaging effects of two compounds: resveratrol (a polyphenol) and navitoclax (a senolytic). Our results confirm the antiaging properties of resveratrol, which improves telomere maintenance. However, navitoclax does not attenuate the ST2 phenotype. Taking advantage of the zebrafish larval model, this premature aging system provides a valuable platform for in vivo testing of rejuvenating molecules through drug screening, using telomere length or survival as a readout.
Gut bacteria symbiosis affects cuticular hydrocarbon profile and mating success in wild Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) males
Authors: Moyano Andrea , Palladini Alfonsina , Díaz Viviana , Abraham Solana , Castillo Gisela , Giudice Antonella , Araóz Victoria Coll , Fernandez Patricia , Van Nieuwenhove Guido , Rull Juan 
Published: February 2025

AbstractCeratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) is a highly polyphagous species and a seriously pest with a significant economic importance, having a great number of studies focused in its management. Recently, there has been a surge of interest in the symbiotic relationship between gut bacteria and their insect hosts. In this context, the objective of this work was to evaluate the role of gut microbiota on symbiotic and aposymbiotic wild medfly adult sexual behaviour, especially on mate choice and mating success. We also evaluate latency and mating time, sperm transference, testes and ovarian sizes and female fecundity. Finally, we compared cuticular hydrocarbon profiles to explore other possible mechanisms that mediate medfly mating success. For this purpose, teneral wild medfly adults were separated into two groups, symbiotic and aposymbiotic. Aposymbiotic adults were treated with an antibiotic mixture (tetracycline plus ciprofloxacin) until sexual maturity. Results of sexual behaviour assays showed that symbiotic males were more successful in mating in comparison with aposymbiotic males, and female preference could be related with a greater sexual organ development of symbiotic females and differences in male hydrocarbon cuticular profiles. Results support the hypothesis that the presence of gut bacteria can play a beneficial role on the sexual behaviour. Knowledge about the importance of cuticular hydrocarbons acting in mating recognition was obtained. This work is the first to report the influence of gut microbiota on this component of the exoskeleton for wild medfly and might be useful for the improvement of sustainable strategies for pest management such as the sterile insect technique.
A fair shake: Grief, murder, and the contradictions of juvenile crime
Authors: Ralph Laurence 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis article is an intimate encounter with grief that aims to transform my own field of scholarly study into painful lived experience. The central question of my essay is: When a life is extinguished by street violence, how does a victim's family heal from homicide? The major argument of this article centers around accountability. Drawing from the literature in child psychology as well as the sociology and anthropology of urban violence, I argue that, as a society, our idea of accountability is incomplete. In humanizing both victims and perpetrators of violence, I seek to expand the conception of gang lives by urging my readers to fight against the tendency to reject complexity and gravitate toward purity. As I would come to learn when a teenage family member of mine was murdered, transforming the criminal justice system necessitates that we grapple with contradictory emotions—such as compassion and rage. This is perhaps the greatest and most overlooked aspect of the transformative justice debate today.
Prognostic value of the preoperative ratio of fibrinogen to prealbumin in patients undergoing radical resection for lung cancer
Authors: Huang Zhining , Wang Gaoxiang , Xu Liangdong , Cui Shijun , Sun Xiaohui , Li Tian , Wang Jun , Xu Meiqing , Xie Mingran 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundTo investigate the significance of preoperative fibrinogen‐to‐prealbumin ratio (FPR) in the prognosis of non‐small cell lung cancer.MethodsThe clinical follow‐up pathological data of 289 patients who underwent radical lung cancer resection and were pathologically diagnosed with non‐small cell lung cancer after surgery were retrospectively analysed, and the FPR value was calculated according to the serological test results within 1 week before surgery. The cut‐off value of FPR was obtained by analysing the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Kaplan–Meier analysis was used to describe the survival curve, and Cox proportional hazards model was used to explore the risk factors affecting prognosis.ResultsWhen the FPR value was 10.96, the Youden index was the highest, with a sensitivity of 62.4% and a specificity of 69.6%. The cumulative five‐year survival rate in the low FPR group was significantly higher than that in the high FPR group (81.4% versus 54.7%). Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that FPR level was a risk factor for prognosis.ConclusionThere is a correlation between FPR level and the prognosis of lung cancer patients, and early intervention should be implemented for patients with high FPR before surgery.
Upadacitinib for Induction of Remission in Paediatric Crohn's Disease: An International Multicentre Retrospective Study
Authors: Cohen Shlomi , Spencer Elizabeth A. , Dolinger Michael T. , Suskind David L. , Mitrova Katarina , Hradsky Ondrej , Conrad Máire A. , Kelsen Judith R. , Uhlig Holm H. , Tzivinikos Christos , Henderson Paul , Wlazlo Magdalena , Hackl Lukas , Shouval Dror S. , Bramuzzo Matteo , Urlep Darja , Olbjørn Christine , D'Arcangelo Giulia , Pujol‐Muncunill Gemma , Yogev Dotan , Kang Ben , Gasparetto Marco , Rungoe Christine , Kolho Kaija‐Leena , Hojsak Iva , Norsa Lorenzo , Rinawi Firas , Sansotta Naire , Rimon Ramit Magen , Granot Maya , Scarallo Luca , Trindade Eunice , Rodríguez‐Belvís Marta Velasco , Turner Dan , Yerushalmy‐Feler Anat 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundThere are scarce data available on upadacitinib in children with Crohn's disease (CD).AimTo evaluate the effectiveness and safety of upadacitinib as an induction therapy in paediatric CD.MethodsThis was a multicentre retrospective study between 2022 and 2024 of children treated with upadacitinib for induction of remission of active CD conducted in 30 centres worldwide affiliated with the IBD Interest and Porto group of the ESPGHAN. We recorded demographic, clinical and laboratory data and adverse events (AEs) at week 8 post‐induction. The analysis of the primary outcome was based upon the intention‐to‐treat (ITT) principle.ResultsWe included 100 children (median age 15.8 [interquartile range 14.3–17.2]). All were previously treated with biologic therapies including 89 with ≥ 2 biologics. At the end of the 8‐week induction period, we observed clinical response, clinical remission and corticosteroid‐ and exclusive enteral nutrition‐free clinical remission (CFR) in 75%, 56% and 52%, respectively. By the end of induction, 68% had achieved normalisation of C‐reactive protein, and 58% had faecal calprotectin (FC) < 150 mcg/g. There was combined CFR and FC remission in 13/31 children with available data at 8 weeks (13% of the ITT population). AEs were recorded in 24 children; the most frequent was acne in 12. Two AEs (severe acne and hypertriglyceridemia) led to discontinuation of therapy.ConclusionUpadacitinib is an effective induction therapy for refractory paediatric CD. Efficacy should be weighed against the potential risks of AEs.
Identification of new small molecules for selective inhibition of SERCA 1 in patient‐derived metastatic papillary thyroid cancer
Authors: Kim Seok‐Mo , Park Keunwan , Yun Hyeok Jun , Kim Jung Min , Choi Kyung Hwa , Park Ki Cheong 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackground and PurposePapillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is a general thyroid cancer subtype; however, PTC is associated with metastasis or recurrence via anti‐cancer drug resistance, rendering it practically incurable. Therefore, effective and reliable clinical approaches are urgently required.Experimental ApproachWe demonstrated the coordinated up‐regulation of sarco/endoplasmic reticulum (ER) calcium ATPase 1 (SERCA1) in metastatic PTC under treatment with sorafenib or lenvatinib. We screened novel drug candidates in a patient‐derived lymph node metastatic PTC and compared outcomes with those in non‐metastatic and main mass PTC in an in vitro and in vivo model to propose a new clinical strategy.Key ResultsIn the current study using patient‐derived metastatic PTC cells, SERCA1 was considerably increased under sorafenib‐ or lenvatinib‐treated conditions. SERCA is a critical component in cytosolic free calcium regulation and is regulated by calcium/calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase 2 alpha (CaMK2α) via NFκB. However, cardiac dysfunction was inevitable in vivo because of non‐specific inhibition of SERCA isoforms by conventional SERCA inhibitors. This study designed a therapeutic approach with decreased cardiac dysfunction via SERCA1 isoform–specific inhibition by novel small molecules, CKP1 and CKP2, under severe ER stress conditions in patient‐derived metastatic PTC. These novel SERCA1‐specific inhibitors remarkably increased tumour shrinkage in the patient‐derived metastatic PTC xenograft tumour model without cardiac dysfunction when used in combination with sorafenib or lenvatinib.Conclusion and ImplicationsThese outcomes suggest the potential efficacy of the novel combination strategy that uses targeted therapy to treat malignant cancer cells, such as sorafenib‐ or lenvatinib‐resistant cancer cells.