bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New exact solutions of the (3+1)-dimensional double sine-Gordon equation by two analytical methods
Authors: Manzoor Zuha , Iqbal Muhammad Sajid , Ashraf Farrah , Alroobaea Roobaea , Tarar Muhammad Akhtar , Inc Mustafa , Hussain Shabbir 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe (3+1)-dimensional double sine-Gordon equation plays a crucial role in various physical phenomena, including nonlinear wave propagation, field theory, and condensed matter physics. However, obtaining exact solutions to this equation faces significant challenges. In this article, we successfully employ a modified $$ \left( \dfrac{G'}{G^2}\right) $$

G
′

G
2

-expansion and improved $$\tan \left( \dfrac{\phi \left( \xi \right) }{2}\right) $$

tan

ϕ

ξ

2

-expansion methods to construct new analytical solutions to the double sine-Gordon equation. These solutions can be divided into four categories like trigonometric function solutions, hyperbolic function solutions, exponential solutions, and rational solutions. Our key findings include a rich spectrum of soliton solutions, encompassing bright, dark, singular, periodic, and mixed types, showcasing the (3+1)-dimensional double sine-Gordon equation ability to model diverse wave behaviors. We uncover previously unreported complex wave structures, revealing the potential for complex nonlinear interactions within the (3+1)-dimensional double sine-Gordon equation framework. We demonstrate the modified $$ \left( \dfrac{G'}{G^2}\right) $$

G
′

G
2

-expansion and improved $$\tan \left( \dfrac{\phi \left( \xi \right) }{2}\right) $$

tan

ϕ

ξ

2

-expansion methods effectiveness in handling higher-dimensional nonlinear partial differential equations, expanding their applicability in mathematical physics. These method offers enhanced flexibility and broader solution categories compared to conventional approaches.
Community pharmacists’ views and experiences of delivering in-pharmacy medication reviews for people living with severe and persistent mental illness: a qualitative study
Authors: Ng Ricki , El-Den Sarira , Collins Jack C. , McMillan Sara S. , Hu Jie , Wheeler Amanda J. , O’Reilly Claire L. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
People living with severe and persistent mental illness (SPMI) often take multiple medications and are at risk of experiencing medication related problems. Medication review services have the potential to reduce inappropriate use of psychotropic medications and improve adherence. However, there is limited research regarding pharmacists’ perspectives when providing such services.

Aim
To explore community pharmacists’ views and experiences of providing an in-pharmacy medication review (MedsCheck) for people living with SPMI.

Method
Semi-structured interviews were conducted between November 2021 and May 2022 with community pharmacists participating in the comparator group of the PharMIbridge Randomised Controlled Trial (RCT), which aimed to improve medication adherence and manage physical health concerns for people living with SPMI. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analysed using inductive thematic analysis.

Results
Fifteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with community pharmacists including pharmacy owners, managers and employee pharmacists. Most pharmacist participants who were interviewed (n = 10) were aged under 39 and more than half (n = 8) had 10 or more years of pharmacy experience. Five key themes were identified: 1) Pharmacists’ roles in the management of SPMI in community pharmacy; 2) Mental health education and training; 3) Pharmacy resources; 4) Challenges with interprofessional collaboration and 5) Impact on professional relationships and consumer outcomes.

Conclusion
Pharmacists are motivated to support people living with SPMI. Mental health training, as well as arrangements regarding pharmacy workflow and appropriate remuneration are needed to enable pharmacists to better support people living with SPMI. Referral pathways should be directly accessible by community pharmacists to assist interprofessional collaboration.
Split-bucket partition (SBP): a novel execution model for top-K and selection algorithms on GPUs
Authors: Yang Yiqing , Zhang Guoyin , Wu Yanxia , Zhao Zhixiang , Fu Yan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTop-K and selection operations are critical in data processing and analysis, and their efficient implementation on GPUs is increasingly important due to the growing demands of data analysis. Existing methods, primarily relying on the bucket partition execution model, encounter challenges such as uneven bucket distribution and latency in merging processes. To address these issues, we introduce a novel Split-Bucket Partition (SBP) execution model that specifically addresses these challenges. Additionally, we propose task and control flow optimizations targeted at top-K and selection algorithms, which further contribute to performance improvements. Our optimized algorithms significantly outperform existing approaches, delivering performance gains of up to $$2.3$$

2.3

times and $$1.6$$

1.6

times for different bucket partitioning rules. Our algorithms show robust performance improvements in non-uniform data scenarios, with gains ranging from $$1.9$$

1.9

times to $$15.5$$

15.5

times. However, it should be noted that the SBP model has limitations related to shared memory and register utilization, potentially impacting performance. Tests on TU102 and A100 GPU architectures validate the effectiveness of our approach, achieving a maximum speedup of $$2.9$$

2.9

times. The study suggests that while the SBP model is effective for top-K and selection algorithms, it also holds promise for other computational tasks, setting the stage for future research.
The pragmatic turn in the scientific realism debate
Authors: Boucher Sandy C. , Forbes Curtis 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn recent years there has been a noticeable yet largely unacknowledged ‘pragmatic turn’ in the scientific realism debate, inspired in part by van Fraassen’s work on ‘epistemic stances’. Features of this new approach include: an ascent to the meta-level (the focus is not so much on whether scientific realism is true, but on the prior questions of the nature of the positions in this debate, how to decide whether to be a scientific realist, etc.); a reinterpretation of scientific realism and anti-realism as (or as closely associated with) stances or frameworks, rather than theories or beliefs; a move away from the previously dominant empirical-explanatory (i.e. quasi-scientific or naturalistic) conception of scientific realism, anti-realism, and their justification; and a stress on the pragmatic and values-based elements in the debate. The traditional scientific realism debate is concerned with determining which position is true, or most epistemically justified. The new approach by contrast is concerned with determining which position best serves certain values, e.g. is most useful, fruitful, or otherwise prudentially preferable. In this paper we try to bring together the various strands in this new orientation, summarise its key features, contrast it with superficially similar but opposing views, and explore the similarities and differences among some of its adherents. Given we are advocates of the turn, we also offer a defence of the value and fruitfulness of this reconceptualization of the debate.
The impact of large language models on radiology: a guide for radiologists on the latest innovations in AI
Authors: Nakaura Takeshi , Ito Rintaro , Ueda Daiju , Nozaki Taiki , Fushimi Yasutaka , Matsui Yusuke , Yanagawa Masahiro , Yamada Akira , Tsuboyama Takahiro , Fujima Noriyuki , Tatsugami Fuminari , Hirata Kenji , Fujita Shohei , Kamagata Koji , Fujioka Tomoyuki , Kawamura Mariko , Naganawa Shinji 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe advent of Deep Learning (DL) has significantly propelled the field of diagnostic radiology forward by enhancing image analysis and interpretation. The introduction of the Transformer architecture, followed by the development of Large Language Models (LLMs), has further revolutionized this domain. LLMs now possess the potential to automate and refine the radiology workflow, extending from report generation to assistance in diagnostics and patient care. The integration of multimodal technology with LLMs could potentially leapfrog these applications to unprecedented levels.However, LLMs come with unresolved challenges such as information hallucinations and biases, which can affect clinical reliability. Despite these issues, the legislative and guideline frameworks have yet to catch up with technological advancements. Radiologists must acquire a thorough understanding of these technologies to leverage LLMs’ potential to the fullest while maintaining medical safety and ethics. This review aims to aid in that endeavor.
Effects of Shot Sleeve Pre-solidification on the Microstructure and Tensile Properties of High Pressure Die Cast AE44
Authors: Yu Wenhao , Zhan Hongyi , Gourlay Christopher M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn cold-chamber high pressure die casting (HPDC), some pre-solidification occurs in the shot sleeve prior to being injected into the die cavity. Here, we study the effects of pre-solidification on the development of microstructure and defects in the HPDC of magnesium alloy AE44 (Mg–4Al–4RE–0.2Mn, wt pct, where RE are mixed La and Ce) and on subsequent tensile properties. Samples with a high fraction of pre-solidification contained both externally solidified crystals (ESCs) and cold flakes, which also induced large pockets of positive macrosegregation. Variations in the morphology and length scale of$$\alpha$$α-Mg grains and eutectic Al$$_{11}$$11RE$$_{3}$$3are discussed in terms of the different cooling conditions for each microstructural feature using a grain morphology map for$$\alpha$$α-Mg. A high fraction of pre-solidification resulted in a small decrease in yield stress due to the larger microstructural length scale, and a substantial decrease in ultimate tensile strength and ductility due to the presence of a non-bonded interface between cold flakes and the surrounding material. The results provide insights into microstructure formation in the HPDC of AE44 and highlight the importance of controlling the extent of pre-solidification that is injected into the die cavity.
Unveiling cancer risk in ANCA-associated vasculitis: result from the Turkish Vasculitis Study Group (TRVaS)
Authors: Bilgin Emre , Demirci Yıldırım Tuba , Özdemir Ulusoy Bahar , Öğüt Tahir Saygın , Karabacak Murat , Sadioğlu Çağdaş Öznur , Yıldırım Reşit , Güven Deniz Can , Akleylek Cansu , Ediboğlu Elif , Kutu Muhammet Emin , Özgür Duygu , Kardaş Rıza Can , Bölek Ertuğrul Çağrı , Sandal Uzun Güllü , Özsoy Zehra , Sarıyıldız Emine , Ayan Gizem , Armağan Berkan , Erden Abdulsamet , Kılıç Levent , Erbasan Funda , Alibaz-Öner Fatma , Aşıcıoğlu Ebru , Yazıcı Ayten , Bilge Nazife Şule , Küçük Hamit , Çelik Selda , Bes Cemal , Akar Servet , Yılmaz Neslihan , Kaşifoglu Timucin , Cefle Ayse , Direskeneli Haner , Yazısız Veli , Dizdar Ömer , Omma Ahmet , Önen Fatoş , Karadağ Ömer 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTo investigate cancer incidence in patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV), compare it with the age/sex-specific cancer risk of the Turkish population, and explore independent risk factors associated with cancer. This multicenter, incidence case–control study was conducted using the TRVaS registry. AAV patients without cancer history before AAV diagnosis were included. Demographic and AAV-related data of patients with and without an incident cancer were compared. Standardized cancer incidence rates were calculated using age-/sex-specific 2017 Turkish National Cancer Registry data for cancers (excluding non-melanoma skin cancers). Cox regression was performed to find factors related to incident cancers in AAV patients. Of 461 AAV patients (236 [51.2%] male), 19 had incident cancers after 2022.8 patient-years follow-up. Median (IQR) disease duration was 3.4 (5.5) years, and 58 (12.6%) patients died [7 with cancer and one without cancer (log-rank, p = 0.04)]. Cancer-diagnosed patients were older, mostly male, and more likely to have anti-PR3-ANCA positivity. The cumulative cyclophosphamide dose was similar in patients with and without cancer. Overall cancer risk in AAV was 2.1 (SIR) ((1.3–3.2), p = 0.004); lung and head-neck [primary target sites for AAV] cancers were the most common. In Cox regression, male sex and ≥ 60 years of age at AAV diagnosis were associated with increased cancer risk, while receiving rituximab was associated with decreased cancer risk. Cancer risk was 2.1 times higher in AAV patients than the age-/sex-specific cancer risk of the Turkish population population, despite a high rate of rituximab use and lower dose of cyclophosphamide doses. Vigilance in cancer screening for AAV patients covering lung, genitourinary, and head–neck regions, particularly in males and the elderly, is vital.
Prediction of cardiovascular risk in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma receiving anti-angiogenic drugs: lessons from sorafenib
Authors: Stefanini Bernardo , Tovoli Francesco , Trevisani Franco , Marseglia Mariarosaria , Di Costanzo Giovan Giuseppe , Cabibbo Giuseppe , Sacco Rodolfo , Pellizzaro Filippo , Pressiani Tiziana , Chen Rusi , Ponziani Francesca Romana , Foschi Francesco Giuseppe , Magini Giulia , Granito Alessandro , Piscaglia Fabio ,   Italian Liver Cancer (ITA.LI.CA) group
Published: March 2024

AbstractAntiangiogenics are associated with an increased risk of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACE). The identification of at-risk subjects is relevant in the case of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), for which anti-angiogenic TKIs and bevacizumab are used in first and subsequent lines of therapy, to select alternative drugs for patients with excessive risk. We verified the ability to predict MACE in sorafenib-treated patients of the 2022 European Society of Cardiology (ESC-2022) score for anti-angiogenics and the recently proposed CARDIOSOR score. A retrospective analysis was conducted of prospectively collected data of the ARPES and ITA.LI.CA databases. All patients received sorafenib for unresectable HCC from 2008 to 2018. Baseline information to calculate the ESC-2022 and CARDIOSOR scores and registration of evolutive events (including MACE) were available for all patients. The predictive ability of both scores was verified using competing risk regressions and tests for goodness of fit. This study included 843 patients (median follow-up 11.3 months). Thirty-four (4.0%) patients presented a MACE. The four-tier ESC-2022 classification showed a progressive risk increase for every class (cumulative risk 1.7%, 2.7%, 4.3%, and 15.0% in the low, medium, high, and high-risk tiers, respectively). The dichotomous CARDIOSOR scale identified a high-risk group with a fourfold increased risk of MACE (sHR 4.66, p = 0.010; cumulative risk 3.8% and 16.4%). ESC-2022 showed a better goodness of fit compared to the CARDIOSOR score [C-index 0.671 (0.583–0.758) vs 0.562 (0.501–0.634), p = 0.021], but this gap was eliminated using the linear version of CARDIOSOR. Both the ESC-2022 and CARDIOSOR scores discriminated patients at increased risk for MACE. The use of these scores in clinical practice should be encouraged, since therapeutic measures can mitigate the cardiovascular risk.
Personalizing non-small cell lung cancer treatment through patient-derived xenograft models: preclinical and clinical factors for consideration
Authors: Fuchs Vered , Sobarzo Ariel , Msamra Maha , Kezerle Yarden , Linde Liat , Sevillya Gur , Anoze Alaa , Refaely Yael , Cohen Ahron Yehonatan , Melamed Israel , Azriel Amit , Shoukrun Rami , Raviv Yael , Porgador Angel , Peled Nir , Roisman Laila Catalina 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
In the pursuit of creating personalized and more effective treatment strategies for lung cancer patients, Patient-Derived Xenografts (PDXs) have been introduced as preclinical platforms that can recapitulate the specific patient’s tumor in an in vivo model. We investigated how well PDX models can preserve the tumor’s clinical and molecular characteristics across different generations.

Methods
A Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) PDX model was established in NSG-SGM3 mice and clinical and preclinical factors were assessed throughout subsequent passages. Our cohort consisted of 40 NSCLC patients, which were used to create 20 patient-specific PDX models in NSG-SGM3 mice. Histopathological staining and Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) analysis were preformed to understand tumor heterogeneity throughout serial passages.

Results
The main factors that contributed to the growth of the engrafted PDX in mice were a higher grade or stage of disease, in contrast to the long duration of chemotherapy treatment, which was negatively correlated with PDX propagation. Successful PDX growth was also linked to poorer prognosis and overall survival, while growth pattern variability was affected by the tumor aggressiveness, primarily affecting the first passage. Pathology analysis showed preservation of the histological type and grade; however, WES analysis revealed genomic instability in advanced passages, leading to the inconsistencies in clinically relevant alterations between the PDXs and biopsies.

Conclusions
Our study highlights the impact of multiple clinical and preclinical factors on the engraftment success, growth kinetics, and tumor stability of patient-specific NSCLC PDXs, and underscores the importance of considering these factors when guiding and evaluating prolonged personalized treatment studies for NSCLC patients in these models, as well as signaling the imperative for additional investigations to determine the full clinical potential of this technique.
High-throughput metabolomics identifies new biomarkers for cervical cancer
Authors: Li Xue , Zhang Liyi , Huang Xuan , Peng Qi , Zhang Shoutao , Tang Jiangming , Wang Jing , Gui Dingqing , Zeng Fanxin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Cervical cancer (CC) is a danger to women’s health, especially in many developing countries. Metabolomics can make the connection between genotypes and phenotypes. It provides a wide spectrum profile of biological processes under pathological or physiological conditions.

Method
In this study, we conducted plasma metabolomics of healthy volunteers and CC patients and integratively analyzed them with public CC tissue transcriptomics from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO).

Result
Here, we screened out a panel of 5 metabolites to precisely distinguish CC patients from healthy volunteers. Furthermore, we utilized multi-omics approaches to explore patients with stage I-IIA1 and IIA2-IV4 CC and comprehensively analyzed the dysregulation of genes and metabolites in CC progression. We identified that plasma levels of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) were associated with tumor size and regarded as a risk factor for CC. Moreover, we demonstrated that TMAO could promote HeLa cell proliferation in vitro. In this study, we delineated metabolic profiling in healthy volunteers and CC patients and revealed that TMAO was a potential biomarker to discriminate between I-IIA1 and IIA2-IV patients to indicate CC deterioration.

Conclusion
Our study identified a diagnostic model consisting of five metabolites in plasma that can effectively distinguish CC from healthy volunteers. Furthermore, we proposed that TMAO was associated with CC progression and might serve as a potential non-invasive biomarker to predict CC substage.

Impact
These findings provided evidence of the important role of metabolic molecules in the progression of cervical cancer disease, as well as their ability as potential biomarkers.
Detection of groundwater conditioning factors in a hilly environment
Authors: Barman Jonmenjoy , VLH Zuali F. , Bindajam Ahmed Ali , Mallick Javed , Abdo Hazem Ghassan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractChamphai, the rice bowl of Mizoram, is known for wet rice practices. Rapid urbanization and global climate change increased the demand for groundwater. Champhai city, being a hilly township in northeast India, is very difficult to identify the potential groundwater water availability. The present study aimed at groundwater potentiality zonation in Champhai town. For these purposes ten (10) factors from topographic, climatic, hydrological and other conditions were assigned weightage based on the AHP (analytical hierarchy process) technique. The aspect was given maximum weightage as the aspect working as the controlling factors of precipitation intensity, vegetation and soil type, while LULC (land use land cover) was assigned minimum weightage that unscientific human activities reduced infiltration rate. Subsequently, an addition of ten weighted rasters was performed for groundwater potentiality zonation. As a result, it was seen that the maximum part of the study area covered low potentiality zones (31.88%), whereas high and very high potential zone covered 14.73% and 5.08, respectively. A scientific validation technique, namely AUC (area under curve) value of 0.737, denoted a good classified groundwater water potentiality zone. Further, the single-layer sensitivity analysis highlighted that elevation, slope, aspect, infiltration number, distance to streams and rainfall had the maximum effective factors based on their effective weightage. The map removal sensitivity analysis highlighted that TWI (Topographic Wetness Index) and aspect had the maximum influence on the model. However, in a hilly environment like Champhai, the output of the current study will work as a blueprint for planning and decision making.
On some new arithmetic properties of certain restricted color partition functions
Authors: Dasappa Ranganatha , Channabasavayya  , Keerthana Gedela Kavya 
Published: March 2024

AbstractVery recently, Pushpa and Vasuki (Arab. J. Math. 11, 355–378, 2022) have proved Eisenstein series identities of level 5 of weight 2 due to Ramanujan and some new Eisenstein identities for level 7 by the elementary way. In their paper, they introduced seven restricted color partition functions, namely $$P^{*}(n), M(n), T^{*}(n), L(n), K(n), A(n)$$

P

∗

(
n
)

,
M

(
n
)

,

T

∗

(
n
)

,
L

(
n
)

,
K

(
n
)

,
A

(
n
)

, and B(n), and proved a few congruence properties of these functions. The main aim of this paper is to obtain several new infinite families of congruences modulo $$2^a\cdot 5^\ell $$

2
a

·

5
ℓ

for $$P^{*}(n)$$

P

∗

(
n
)

, modulo $$2^3$$

2
3

for M(n) and $$T^*(n)$$

T
∗

(
n
)

, where $$a=3, 4$$

a
=
3
,
4

and $$\ell \ge 1$$

ℓ
≥
1

. For instance, we prove that for $$n\ge 0$$

n
≥
0

, $$\begin{aligned} P^{*}(5^\ell (4n+3)+5^\ell -1)&\equiv 0\pmod {2^3\cdot 5^{\ell }}. \end{aligned}$$

P

∗

(

5
ℓ

(
4
n
+
3
)

+

5
ℓ

-
1
)

≡
0

(
mod

2
3

·

5
ℓ

)
.

In addition, we prove witness identities for the following congruences due to Pushpa and Vasuki: $$\begin{aligned} M(5n+4)\equiv 0\pmod {5},\quad T^{*}(5n+3)\equiv 0\pmod {5}. \end{aligned}$$

M

(
5
n
+
4
)

≡
0

(
mod

5
)

,

T

∗

(
5
n
+
3
)

≡
0

(
mod

5
)

.
Ultrasound-guided diagnosis on a parapharyngeal mass
Authors: Alessio Frisone , Scarano Antonio , Valentini Giulia , Boccatonda Andrea , Andreetto Lorenzo , Vicari Susanna 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMasses in the parapharyngeal area are rare and often due to infectious phenomena arising from the oral cavity or pharynx which lead to abscess formation. Less frequently, the lesion can be neoplastic. Tumours of the parapharyngeal space are rare, accounting for less than 1% of all head and neck neoplasms. We report the case of a patient who came to our observation for mandibular pain. Multiparametric diagnostic imaging was done thus showing a parapharyngeal mass. An ultrasound guided biopsy was performed by a transcutaneous route with a high median approach at neck level, to characterize the mass in the right tonsillar region. The histological examination reported the final histological diagnosis of sarcomatoid carcinoma.