bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nonlinear‐Optical Susceptibility of Hilgardite‐Like Borates M2B5O9X (M: Pb, Ca, Sr, Ba; X: Cl, Br).
Authors: Plachinda Paul A. , Dolgikh Valery A. , Stefanovich Sergey Yu. , Berdonosov Petr. S. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Synthesis of Allylic Alcohols from Unsymmetrical and Symmetrical Racemic Allylic Carbonates Featuring C—O Bond Formation and Dynamic Kinetic Resolution.
Authors: Gais Hans‐Joachim , Bondarev Oleg , Hetzer Ralf 
Published: November 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Novel Chiral Copper Complexes of N,P‐Ferrocenyl Ligands with Central and Planar Chirality as Efficient Catalyst for Asymmetric Addition of Diethylzinc to Imines.
Authors: Wang Min‐Can , Liu Lan‐Tao , Hua Yuan‐Zhao , Zhang Jun‐Song , Shi Yan‐Yan , Wang De‐Kun 
Published: November 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Ru(IV)‐Catalyzed Isomerization of Allylamines in Water: A Highly Efficient Procedure for the Deprotection of N‐Allylic Amines.
Authors: Cadierno Victorio , Garcia‐Garrido Sergio E. , Gimeno Jose , Nebra Noel 
Published: November 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of Indolo[2,3‐a]pyrrolo[3,4‐c]carbazoles by Oxidative Cyclization of Bisindolylmaleimides with a Rhodium(III)—Copper(II) Catalytic System.
Authors: Witulski Bernhard , Schweikert Torsten 
Published: November 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthetic Studies Toward Aryl‐(4‐aryl‐4H‐[1,2,4]triazole‐3‐yl)‐amine from 1,3‐Diarylthiourea as Urea Mimetics.
Authors: Natarajan Amarnath , Guo Yuhong , Arthanari Haribabu , Wagner Gerhard , Halperin Jose A. , Chorev Michael 
Published: November 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Selective Bifunctionalization of Pyrido[2,3‐d]pyrimidines in Positions 2 and 4 by SNAr and Palladium‐Catalyzed Coupling Reactions.
Authors: Lavecchia G. , Berteina‐Raboin S. , Guillaumet G. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Efficient Synthesis of Mono‐ and Disubstituted 2,3‐Dihydroquinazolin‐4(1H)‐ones Using KAl(SO4)2×12H2O as a Reusable Catalyst in Water and Ethanol.
Authors: Dabiri Minoo , Salehi Peyman , Otokesh Somayeh , Baghbanzadeh Mostafa , Kozehgary Gholamreza , Mohammadi Ali A. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
α‐Rhamnosidase Inhibitory Activities of Polyhydroxylated Pyrrolidine.
Authors: Kim Jin Hyo , Curtis‐Long Marcus J. , Seo Woo Duck , Lee Jin Hwan , Lee Byong Won , Yoon Yong Jin , Kang Kyu Young , Park Ki Hun 
Published: November 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Lissoclibadins 1—3, Three New Polysulfur Alkaloids, from the Ascidian Lissoclinum cf. badium.
Authors: Liu Hongwei , Fujiwara Takeshi , Nishikawa Teruaki , Mishima Yuri , Nagai Hiroshi , Shida Takeshi , Tachibana Kazuo , Kobayashi Hisayoshi , Mangindaan Remy E. P. , Namikoshi Michio 
Published: November 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Isolation and Structure Elucidation of a New Amphidinol with a Truncated Polyhydroxyl Chain from Amphidinium klebsii.
Authors: Morsy Nagy , Matsuoka Shigeru , Houdai Toshihiro , Matsumori Nobuaki , Adachi Seiji , Murata Michio , Iwashita Takashi , Fujita Tsuyoshi 
Published: November 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
The impact of early resection of primary neuroblastoma on the survival of children older than 1 year of age with stage 4 disease
Authors: McGregor Lisa M. , Rao Bhaskar N. , Davidoff Andrew M. , Billups Catherine A. , Hongeng Suradej , Santana Victor M. , Hill D. Ashley , Fuller Christine , Furman Wayne L. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDIt remains unclear whether primary tumor resection benefits patients with metastatic neuroblastoma. The authors assessed the impact of extent and timing of resection on outcome in these patients.METHODSThe authors reviewed the records of 124 patients > 1 year of age at diagnosis of International Neuroblastoma Staging System Stage 4 neuroblastoma. The survival estimates of those who did and did not have a gross total resection (GTR) and of those who had initial versus delayed GTR were compared. Surgical complications were reviewed.RESULTSThe 5‐year survival estimates were comparable for the 90 patients who had a GTR and the 17 who underwent surgery but did not have a GTR (29.9% ± 5.1% [standard error] vs. 29.4% ± 10.1%). The 7 patients who underwent GTR at the time of diagnosis had a higher 5‐year survival estimate than the 83 patients who had a GTR after induction chemotherapy (83.3% ± 13.9% vs. 25.2% ± 5.0%) (P = 0.001). Five‐year event‐free survival estimates were similarly higher in the initial‐GTR group (57.1% ± 18.7% vs. 14.5% ± 4.2%) (P = 0.002). These two groups did not differ significantly in age at diagnosis (P = 0.118), site of primary tumor (P = 0.34), MYCN amplification status (P = 1), serum lactate dehydrogenase activity at diagnosis (P = 0.34), or treatment protocol (P = 0.22). Twenty‐two (21%) patients had a surgical complication.CONCLUSIONSIn this small cohort of patients with metastatic neuroblastoma, GTR at the time of diagnosis offered a survival benefit. Further prospective studies are warranted before this approach can be applied to all patients with metastatic neuroblastoma. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
Neuron numbers in the sensory trigeminal nuclei of the rat: A GABA‐ and glycine‐immunocytochemical and stereological analysis
Authors: Avendaño Carlos , Machín Raquel , Bermejo Pedro E. , Lagares Alfonso 
Published: November 2005

AbstractThe volume, total neuron number, and number of GABA‐ and glycine‐expressing neurons in the sensory trigeminal nuclei of the adult rat were estimated by stereological methods. The mean volume is 1.38 ± 0.13 mm3(mean ± SD) for the principal nucleus (Vp), 1.59 ± 0.06 for the n. oralis (Vo), 2.63 ± 0.34 for the n. interpolaris (Vip), and 3.73 ± 0.11 for the n. caudalis (Vc). The total neuron numbers are 31,900 ± 2,200 (Vp), 21,100 ± 3,300 (Vo), 61,600 ± 8,300 (Vip), and 159,100 ± 25,300 (Vc). Immunoreactive (‐ir) neurons were classified asstronglystained orweaklystained, depending on qualitative criteria, cross‐checked by a densitometric analysis. GABA‐ir cells are most abundant in Vc, in an increasing rostrocaudal gradient within the nucleus. Lower densities are found in Vip and Vp. The mean total number of strongly labeled GABA‐ir neurons ranges between 1,800 in Vp to 7,800 in Vip and 22,900 in Vc, and varies notably between subjects. Glycine‐ir neurons are more numerous and display more homogeneous densities in all nuclei. Strongly labeled Gly‐ir cells predominate in all nuclei, their total number ranging between 9,400 in Vp to 24,300 in Vip and 34,200 in Vc. A substantial fraction of immunolabeled neurons in all nuclei coexpress GABA and glycine. In general, all neurons strongly immunoreactive for GABA are small, while weakly GABA‐ir cells which coexpress Gly are larger. In Vc, one‐third of all neurons are immunoreactive: 16.6% of them are single‐labeled for GABA and 31.6% are single‐labeled for glycine. The remaining 51.8% express GABA and glycine in different combinations, with those showing strong double labeling accounting for 22.6%. J. Comp. Neurol. 493:538–553, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Price‐sensitive resource brokering with the Hybrid Pricing Model and widely overlapping price domains
Authors: Piro Rosario M. , Guarise Andrea , Werbrouck Albert 
Published: November 2005

AbstractThe DGAS‐Sim(ulator) simulates the components of the Grid middleware that are involved in the job scheduling process, reflecting the architecture of the Workload Management System of the European DataGrid project. Its purpose is to study the impact of different resource pricing schemes and resource brokering strategies on workload balancing. In this paper we present further simulation results for a price‐sensitive utility function (the resource broker always chooses the most economic computing element) and the Hybrid Pricing Model (fixed base prices and linear price adjustments within fixed variation limits to reflect the current workload of the computing element). We specifically consider a Grid economy scenario with widely overlapping domains of the prices of the single resources and compare the outcome with our previously presented results. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Next‐generation Grids: requirements and knowledge‐based services
Authors: Cannataro Mario 
Published: November 2005

AbstractTo be effectively adopted in different application domains, next‐generation Grids need to address different issues such as: an increasing complexity and distribution of applications; different goals, skills and habits of Grid users; availability of different programming and deployment models; heterogeneous capabilities and performances of access networks and devices. Moreover, scientific and commercial applications, as well as Grid middleware, will increasingly produce an overwhelming quantity of application and usage data. Although the ongoing convergence between Grids, Web Services, and the Semantic Web constitutes a milestone towards a service‐oriented Grid architecture, which has the potential to face important issues such as application programming and business modelling, many other issues need research and development efforts. The great availability of data and information at the different layers of Grids, the maturity of data exploration techniques able to extract and synthesize knowledge, such as data mining, text summarization, semantic modelling, and knowledge management, and the demand for intelligent services in different phases of application life cycle are the driving forces towards novel knowledge‐based Grid services. Guided by those considerations, the paper first introduces main requirements of next‐generation Grids and then describes some representative knowledge‐based Grid services for both applications support and system management. Simple cases study showing how such services could be employed are discussed. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Resistance of regulatory T cells to glucocorticoid‐viduced TNFR family‐related protein (GITR) during Plasmodium yoelii infection
Authors: Hisaeda Hajime , Hamano Shinjiro , Mitoma‐Obata Chikage , Tetsutani Kohhei , Imai Takashi , Waldmann Herman , Himeno Kunisuke , Yasutomo Koji 
Published: November 2005

AbstractCD4+ T cells are the major effector T cells against blood‐stage Plasmodium yoelii infection. On the other hand, the lethal strain of P. yoelii (PyL) has acquired an escape mechanism from host T cell immunity by activating CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (Treg). Although the activation of Treg during PyL infection precludes the clearance of PyL from mice, it remains unclear whether activation of Treg is attributable to a specific response against PyL infection. Thus, we examined here whether Treg proliferate in an antigen‐dependent manner during PyL infection. We also investigated the effector and regulatory mechanisms of Treg. Infection with PyL increased the number of CD4+CD25+ T cells, in which expression of Foxp3 mRNA is up‐regulated. The Treg that were transferred into mice infected with PyL, but not with a non‐lethal strain of P. yoelii (PyNL), proliferated during the initial 5 days following infection. The Treg from PyL‐infected mice showed strong suppression compared with those from naive or PyNL‐infected mice, and could suppress T cell activation by recognizing PyL‐ but not PyNL‐derived antigens. Furthermore, the suppressive function of Treg activated in PyL‐infected but not in naive mice could not be inhibited by treatment with an anti‐glucocorticoid‐induced TNFR family‐related protein (GITR) mAb. These findings indicate that PyL infection specifically activates Treg that are specific for PyL‐derived antigens. The infection also induces resistance for Treg to GITR signaling, and this eventually contributes to the escape of parasites from host T cell immunity.
Selective expansion and engraftment of human CD16+ NK cells in NOD/SCID mice
Authors: Harada Hideki , Suzu Shinya , Ito Takaaki , Okada Seiji 
Published: November 2005

AbstractNK cells are large granular lymphocytes that represent a critical component of the innate immunity. Investigations of human NK cell function are largely based on in vitro assays because of the lack of suitable animal models. Here we have established conditions leading to the development of human NK cells in NOD/SCID (severe combined immunodeficiency) mice receiving grafts of cord blood mononuclear cells (CBMC), and GFP‐transduced HFWT inducing NK cells (GHINK‐1), which have been shown to support the selective expansion of NK cells from human PBMC and CBMC in vitro. Significant numbers of CD56dimCD16+ cytotoxic and CD56–CD16+ immature NK cells appeared in peripheral blood (PB), peritoneal cavity, spleen, bone marrow and liver of the mice. The newly generated NK cells did not express activation markers such as CD25, CD69 and NKp44, the expression of which was augmented by IL‐2 in vitro. The NOD/SCID mice engrafted with human NK cells exhibited antitumor activity against K562 erythroleukemia in vitro and in vivo. Thus, we succeeded in developing a CD56dimCD16+ cytotoxic NK cell populations in NOD/SCID mice closely resembling the main NK fraction in human PB and CD56–CD16+ immature NK cells. Our model provides not only information about the development and dynamics of physiological human NK cells but also an important pre‐clinical system for immunotherapeutic strategies.
Activation of invariant NK T cells protects against experimental rheumatoid arthritis by an IL‐10‐dependent pathway
Authors: Miellot Aurore , Zhu Ren , Diem Séverine , Boissier Marie‐Christophe , Herbelin André , Bessis Natacha 
Published: November 2005

AbstractInvariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells are a unique lymphocyte subtype implicated in the regulation of autoimmunity and a good source of protective Th2 cytokines. Agonist α‐galactosylceramide (α‐GalCer) of iNKT cells exert a therapeutical effect in type 1 diabetes. We investigated whether iNKT activation with α‐GalCer was protective in collagen‐induced arthritis (CIA) in DBA/1 mice, a standard model of rheumatoid arthritis. Here, we have shown that in vivo iNKT cell function was altered in DBA/1 mice since stimulation with α‐GalCer led to decreased IL‐4 and IFN‐γ levels in sera, as compared with C57BL/6 mice. α‐GalCer induced a clear‐cut diminution of clinical and histological arthritides. An anti‐IL‐10 receptor antibody abrogated the protective effect of α‐GalCer, suggesting a key role for IL‐10 in the protection against CIA by activated iNKT cells. Confirming these data, disease protection conferred by α‐GalCer correlated with the ability of LN CD4+ cells to secrete larger amounts of IL‐10. These findings suggest that in CIA susceptibility to autoimmunity is associated with dysfunctions of iNKT cells. Our demonstration that iNKT cell activation by α‐GalCer remains efficient in CIA‐prone DBA/1 mice to provide protective IL‐10 suggests that this could be used therapeutically to treat autoimmune arthritis.
The Ligation Properties of some Reduced Schiff Base Selena/Telluraaza Macrocycles: Versatile Structural Trends
Authors: Panda Snigdha , Zade Sanjio S. , Singh Harakesh B. , Butcher Ray J. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractThe chalcogenaaza macrocycles 4, 5 and 6 show versatility in ligation properties towards various transition metal ions. The structure of the reduced 22‐membered selenaaza macrocycle 4 (C32H36N4Se2) has been determined. The NiII complex 7 exhibits coordination by the N4Se2 donor sites. The PdII complexes 8, 9, 10, and 14 have been structurally characterized. The molecular structures of these complexes reveal interesting versatile ligating behaviors of the ligands. The Pd complexes 8, 9, and 14 display coordination by hard nitrogen donor atoms only, whereas the complex 10 showed coordination by N2Te2 donor centers. The PtII complex 11 shows the formation of a cationic metallamacrocycle with C–Pt–Se linkage. The crystal structures suggest that the coordination of metal atoms to donors is determined by the geometrical arrangement around the metal and by the conformation of the macrocycle rather than by the HSAB (hard/soft acid/base) principle. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
Copper(I) Complexes with a Cu4S6‐ and CuS4‐Type Core Obtained from the Reaction of Copper(0) with HN(SPPh2)2·I2
Authors: Aragoni M. Carla , Arca Massimiliano , Carrea M. Bonaria , Demartin Francesco , Devillanova Francesco A. , Garau Alessandra , Hursthouse Michael B. , Huth Susanne L. , Isaia Francesco , Lippolis Vito , Ogilvie Helen R. , Verani Gaetano 
Published: November 2005

AbstractThe copper(I) compounds [CuI4(L)3]I3 (1) and [CuI(HL)2]I3·CH3CN (2) [HL = HN(SPPh2)2] have been obtained from the reaction of the adduct HL·I2 with copper(0) powder in diethyl ether solution. Compound 1 contains a tetrahedron of Cu atoms with three anionic L ligands coordinated to the coppers through the sulfur atoms to build a Cu4S6 core. The mean Cu–Cu and Cu–S bond lengths related to the Cu4S6 core in copper‐loaded transcription factors CuAce1 and CuMac1, and in the model compound [Cu4(SPh)6]2–, have been compared with those of the [Cu4(L)3]+ cation, and the geometric volumes of the Cu4 cores have been evaluated. The results suggest that the cation [Cu4(L)3]+ is a possible structural model compound for the metal site in Ace1 and Mac1 transcription factors. In compound 2, two neutral HL ligands bind a CuI ion in an S,S′‐isobidentate chelating fashion to form a slightly distorted tetrahedral CuS4 core. The 31P NMR spectroscopic data of compound 1 are consistent with the maintenance of its structure in solution. Moreover, phosphorus variable‐temperature measurements indicate a change from a two‐spin coupled AB system at 0 °C to an A2 spin system at 40 °C. The reaction of [Cu4(L)3]+ with HI, monitored by 31P NMR spectroscopy, leads to the protonation of the complexed ligands at the Cu4 core and formation of the cation [Cu4(HL)3]4+. The protonation reaction is reversible: increasing the amount of organic base 1,8‐bis(dimethylamino)naphthalene (DMAN) regenerates the starting cation [Cu4(L)3]+.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
Monophosphanylcalix[6]arene Ligands: Synthesis Characterization, Complexation, and Their Use in Catalysis
Authors: Obora Yasushi , Liu Yun Kui , Kubouchi Sho , Tokunaga Makoto , Tsuji Yasushi 
Published: November 2005

AbstractNovel phosphanylcalix[6]arenes having mono‐O‐diphenylphosphanylmethyl (3) and mono‐O‐(4‐diphenylphosphanylphenyl)methyl substituents (5) have been synthesized. The structures of these monophosphanylcalix[6]arenes were determined by NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and X‐ray crystal structure analysis. The X‐ray structure reveals that 3 adopts a flattened 1,2,3‐alternate conformation in the crystalline state, while the NMR spectra show that 3 and 5 have a cone conformation in solution. Structure optimization and energy calculations for 3 and 5 at the B3LYP/LANL2DZ‐CONFLEX5/MMFF94s level of theory show that the cone conformation is slightly more stable than the 1,2,3‐alternate conformation by 0.36 kcal mol–1 for 3 and 0.96 kcal mol–1 for 5. Complexation of 3 with [PtCl2(COD)] and [Rh(COD)2]BF4 gives cis‐coordinated [PtCl2(3)2] and [Rh(COD)(3)2]BF4, respectively. The X‐ray analysis of [PtCl2(3)2] shows that 3 adopts a cone conformation upon complexation. Combination of 3 and 5 with [Rh(COD)2]BF4 provides an active catalyst for the hydroformylation of a variety of terminal alkenes.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
Variability in fecal water genotoxicity, determined using the Comet assay, is independent of endogenous N‐Nitroso compound formation attributed to red meat consumption
Authors: Cross Amanda J. , Greetham Hazel L. , Pollock Jim R.A. , Rowland Ian R. , Bingham Sheila A. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractRed meat consumption causes a dose‐dependent increase in fecal apparent total N‐nitroso compounds (ATNC). The genotoxic effects of these ATNCs were investigated using two different Comet assay protocols to determine the genotoxicity of fecal water samples. Fecal water samples were obtained from two studies of a total of 21 individuals fed diets containing different amounts of red meat, protein, heme, and iron. The first protocol incubated the samples with HT‐29 cells for 5 min at 4°C, whereas the second protocol used a longer exposure time of 30 min and a higher incubation temperature of 37°C. DNA strand breaks were quantified by the tail moment (DNA in the comet tail multiplied by the comet tail length). The results of the two Comet assay protocols were significantly correlated (r = 0.35, P = 0.003), however, only the second protocol resulted in detectable levels of DNA damage. Inter‐individual effects were variable and there was no effect on fecal water genotoxicity by diet (P > 0.20), mean transit time (P = 0.588), or weight (P = 0.705). However, there was a highly significant effect of age (P = 0.019). There was no significant correlation between concentrations of ATNCs in fecal homogenates and fecal water genotoxicity (r = 0.04, P = 0.74). ATNC levels were lower in fecal water samples (272 μg/kg) compared to that of fecal homogenate samples (895 μg/kg) (P < 0.0001). Failure to find dietary effects on fecal water genotoxicity may therefore be attributed to individual variability and low levels of ATNCs in fecal water samples. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 2006. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The numerical study of roll‐waves in inclined open channels and solitary wave run‐up
Authors: Que Yin‐Tik , Xu Kun 
Published: November 2005

AbstractIn this paper, we introduce a finite‐volume kinetic BGK scheme and its applications to the study of roll and solitary waves. The current scheme is based on the numerical solution of the gas‐kinetic Bhatnagar–Gross–Krook model in the flux evaluation across each cell interface. An intrinsic connection between the BGK model and time‐dependent, non‐linear, non‐homogeneous shallow‐water equations enables us to solve shallow‐water equations automatically with our kinetic scheme. The analytical solution, experimental measurements, and numerical calculations for problems associated with roll‐waves down an inclined open channel and solitary waves incident on a sloped beach are also presented. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An improved MPS method for numerical simulations of convective heat transfer problems
Authors: Zhang Shuai , Morita Koji , Fukuda Kenji , Shirakawa Noriyuki 
Published: November 2005

AbstractAn improved moving‐particle semi‐implicit (MPS) method was developed for numerical simulations of convective heat transfer problems. The MPS method, which is based on particles and their interactions, is a fully Lagrangian particle method for incompressible flows. A new Laplacian model and a new method for treating boundary conditions were proposed to solve numerical difficulties resulting from the original MPS method. Results of several numerical tests show the validity of the improved MPS method with the proposed model and method.The application of the present MPS method to Rayleigh–Benard convection phenomena demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed model and method on the numerical simulation of convective heat transfer problems. The dependence of the Nusselt number on the Rayleigh number was in good agreement with an empirical formula. The temperature contour and velocity distribution also agree well with the simulation results obtained with other methods. The roll pattern developed in the horizontal fluid layer as well as the convective heat transfer was successfully simulated with three‐dimensional MPS calculations. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.