bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Germline mutations of TP53 gene can be a key factor in prostate cancer genesis
Authors: Aboulalaa Kawtar , Laraqui Abdelilah , Tagajdid Reda , Ennibi Khalid , Ennaji Moulay Mustapha 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
The TP53 gene is one of the most important agent of the DNA repair pathway. Alterations of this gene have been found in more than 50% of human primary tumors including prostate cancer. The germline TP53 mutation is responsible for Li-Fraumeni syndrome, which is associated with a predisposition to several cancers.
Objective
The aim of this study is to investigate whether germline alterations of exon 5 of TP53 gene could be detected in the blood of known men with prostate cancer and to assess the potential association between the genomic alteration affecting this gene and clinico-pathological characteristics of the patients.
Material and methods
Fourty eight blood samples from men diagnosed with prostate cancer were analyzed for TP53 germline mutations and confirmed by Sanger sequencing. The frequency and distribution of high-frequency mutations were analyzed according to the pathological criteria of the patients and computational study was performed to assess the affect of new mutations.
Results
The Sanger sequencing revealed that 79% of the population studied carry mutations, and a total of 137 mutations were identified including 115 new mutations. Frameshift mutations were the most frequent ; the mutation c.392delA was recorded in fifteen cases (31%) ; the mutations c.383delC and c.432delG observed at a frequency of 12.5% and 10% respectively. The most frequent missense mutation was the variant c.502C > A (p.His168Asn) identified in eleven patients (23%). One nonsense mutation was identified in one patient and result to a stop codon in position 126 (tyrosine). All codons affected by these alterations are part of the DNA binding domain of the protein.
Conclusion
The germline mutation frequency observed in prostate cancer patient, and the new mutations recorded in TP53 gene, could be in favor of a potential association of genomic alterations in this gene and prostate cancer genesis, there by constituting a tool, similar to other genes in the DNA repair pathway such as BRCA1 and BRCA2. This could contribute to the advancement of diagnosis and therapeutic strategies for prostate cancer.
Deep Eutectic Solvents for Water Vapor Absorption: A New Strategy
Authors: Torkzadeh Sahar , Elhambakhsh Abbas , Keshavarz Peyman , Raeissi Sona 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Gas dehydration plays a critical role in gas refining processes due to the potential problems caused by the presence of water vapor. The inclusion of water vapor can lead to issues such as hydrate formation, pressure drop, and pipeline corrosion. In this research, a deep eutectic solvent (DES) absorbent was employed to absorb water vapor and subsequently, its absorption results were compared with the absorption performance of tri-ethylene glycol (TEG) and lithium chloride as the most common absorbent used in water vapor separation processes. To do so, the influence of several effective parameters, including the inlet air flow rate, different ratios of choline chloride to urea (ChCl:Urea), the weight percentage of liquid water in the absorbent, and the viscosity of DES were investigated. The results revealed that DES is an efficient absorbent for water vapor separation and can separate water vapor from the gas phase far more than TEG and the aqueous solution of lithium chloride. The results also indicated that increasing the inlet air flow rate decreases the absorption recovery due to the reduction of the residence time. Furthermore, it was found that the ratio of 1:2 (ChCl: Urea) results in the highest absorption efficiency.
A new Version of Jensen's Mercer Inequality and Related Inequalities of Hermite--Hadamard Type for Interval-Valued Coordinated Convex Functions
Authors: Toseef Muhammad , Zhang Zhiyue , Zhao Dafang ,   Muhammad Aamir Ali1
Published: March 2024

Abstract

In this article, we give Jensen Mercer Inequality for interval-valuedco-ordinated convex functions because this inequality was a challenging problem forresearchers working in the field of inequalities and set valued functions. By use of this new inequality, we establish Hermite--Hadamard-Mercer type inequalities for interval-valuedco-ordinated convex functions. These newly established inequalities forinterval-valued functions are the generalization of the existing Hermite-Hadamardinequalities. Moreover, we give numericalexamples to check the validity of newly established results. The results ofthe study shows that the inequalities hold for a wider range of functionsand provide very efficient bounds on the integrals of given functions. Theuse of new results can improve the accuracy of modelling and optimization ofsystems in the fields such as economics, engineering, and physics.
Mathematics Subject Classification: 26D10, 26D15, 26A51
Predictive Risk Factors for Osteoporosis in Older Overweight Adults
Authors: Li Liang , Zhou Zhenggang , Ma Jianlin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate significant risk factors for osteoporosis in older overweight adults, which primarily included clinical indicators and laboratory examinations.
Patients and Methods:
A total of 1173 participants (617 men and 556 postmenopausal women) with BMI ≥ 25 who were older than 50 and received bone density scans of the lumbar spine were enrolled in the present study. All participants had complete baseline data, including clinical indicators and biochemical indices. Participants were divided into three groups by the T-score of the lumbar spine. The Student’s t-test, Mann–Whitney U test, one-way analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis test and chi-square test were used to compare the continuous and categorical clinical variables among the different groups. Spearman correlation tests, Pearson correlation tests and linear regression analysis were performed to identify independent variables associated with bone mineral density (BMD) and their multicollinearity in older overweight adults. In addition, binary logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the independent risk factors associated with osteoporosis. A P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Result
Compared to those in the normal group and the osteopenia group, man and postmenopausal women with osteoporosis were older and had decreased BMI (p < 0.05, respectively). Correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the BMD values of the lumbar vertebrae were significantly positively correlated with BMI and serum uric acid (UA) and negatively correlated with age in men and postmenopausal women. Finally, binary logistic regression analyses revealed that after adjusting for many variables, osteoporosis was significantly and positively associated with age and inversely associated with BMI and serum UA in both men and postmenopausal women (p < 0.05, respectively).
Conclusions
This study demonstrates that osteoporosis might be associated with advanced age, increased BMI and higher levels of UA in older overweight adults.
Comprehensive Prognostic Assessment by Integrating Single-Cell and Bulk RNA-seq Signatures in Glioblastoma
Authors: Fang Qiuyue , Guo Jing , Liu Wenhao , Liu Chunhui 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most challenging malignancies in all cancers. The immune response in the tumor microenvironment has an important impact on the prognosis of GBM patients. Therefore, it becomes critical to correlate tumors with the immune response in their microenvironment and to screen for genes of potential prognostic value associated with the immune microenvironment.
Methods
We first evaluated the tumor microenvironment on bulk RNA-seq data using the Xcell and ESTIMATE algorithms, followed by an integrated analysis of single-cell and bulk RNA-seq data from the GEO database, with a special focus on GBM-related datasets. From this analysis, we identified a set of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) that were consistently observed in scRNA-seq and bulk RNA-seq datasets. We then performed random forest analysis on these DEGs to identify core genes for our prognostic model. Findings regarding the function of IFI44 in the glioma cell line were validated by siRNA knockdown, overexpression, and transwell experiments.
Result
We ultimately identified 235 DEGs that were consistently observed in both single-cell and bulk RNA-seq datasets. Through Cox regression and random forest analysis, we further identified nine genes, namely AK5, ATP2B1, CNTN2, GABARAPL1, HK2, IFI44, PLP2, S100A11 and ST18, which exhibited a strong association with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) prognosis. Notably, these genes were predominantly expressed in macrophages, DC14 cells, and T cells within the single-cell dataset. Patients classified as low-risk demonstrated significantly better prognoses compared to those classified as high-risk. Importantly, these findings were robustly reproduced in the test dataset. The IFI44 could promote both glioma cells proliferation and migration in vitro. Higher levels of IFI44 expression are associated with poorer survival rates.
Conclusions
We identified nine genes as prognostic biomarkers in GBM. These results may provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying GBM progression.
Network Analysis Suggests Ovarian Insulin Hypersensitivity Contributes to Depressed Viability of Ovarian Cells in PCOS Women
Authors: Wang Xing , Wang Jun , Yang Lin quan , Xing Yuling , Yang Linlin , Ma Huijuan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a global health-threatening endocrinopathy that causes infertility in women. Although peripheral insulin resistance has been implicated as a risk factor of PCOS, its pathological mechanism is still merely elucidated. Aiming to systematically explore the molecular basis of PCOS, we conducted a network analysis on gene expression profiles of ovary from PCOS women.Methods Ovarian gene expression profiles of PCOS women were collected by searching keywords of “PCOS and human” in GEO database.Then differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by using Rankprod algorithm.Their primary functions were investigated by enrichment analysis based on KEGG and Gene Ontology.A core gene regulatory network in ovary of PCOS women was constructed as well, in which a significant role of the insulin signaling pathway in development of PCOS was highlighted.Result 269 up-regulated genes and 249 down-regulated ones (pfp < 0.05) were identified in ovary of PCOS patients.A PCOS ovarian gene regulatory network was constructed based on the above. By searching hub modules in this network, signaling process guided by two hub genes insulin receptor(INSR)and insulin receptor substrate 1(IRS1)was highlighted, which were elevated in PCOS subjects.Conclusions By integrating ovarian gene expression profiles, our network analysis revealed a significant role of insulin signaling pathway in Pathophysiology of PCOS. The elevated INSR and IRS1 would be a potential clue for insulin hypersensitivity in PCOS ovary, thereby inducing ovarian dysfunction by impairing the viability of granulosa cells.
Serum Uric Acid and Male Erectile Dysfunction: a Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Chi Wenyu , Jia Weihui , Zhang Chengrong , Sun Guobao 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the potential causal relationship between serum uric acid levels and erectile dysfunction in men, this study performed a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.
Methods
The exposure factor was serum uric acid, and the outcome factor was erectile dysfunction. All data come from genome-wide association studies (GWAS), and two-sample MR studies are conducted based on R Studio 4.3.2 and the "TwoSampleMR" R software package. The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) and MR-Egger methods are mainly used for analysis.
Results
Neither the IVW (Beta = 0.068; SE = 0.062; p = 0.274) nor the MR Egger (Beta = 0.079; SE = 0.101; p = 0.436) approaches demonstrated a causal association between the two variables.
Conclusions
According to this MR study, there is no causal relationship between serum uric acid levels and male erectile dysfunction, so medication to lower uric acid levels alone may not be effective in treating erectile dysfunction in patients with high serum uric acid.
The pattern of fractures in road traffic crashes; findings from the National Trauma Registry in Iran
Authors: Tabatabaei Mahgol Sadat Hassan Zadeh , Soleimani Mohammad , Shafiei Seyyed Hossein , Zafarghandi Mohammadreza , Rahimi-Movaghar Vafa , Baigi Vali , Fakharian Esmaeil , Saeed-Banadaky Seyed Houssein , Hoseinpour Vahid , Sadeghi-Bazargani Homayoun , Rad Reza Farahmand , Sadeghian Farideh , Isfahani Mehdi Nasr , Rahmanian Vahid , Ghadiphasha Amir , Shahidi Mohammad , Kogani Mohamad , Pourmasjedi Sobhan , Piri Seyed Mohammad , Mirzamohamadi Sara , Khavandegar Armin , Naghdi Khatereh , Salamati Payman 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Purpose: Fractures constitute a significant concern in low- and middle-income countries, primarily due to road traffic crashes (RTCs), a leading cause of such injuries. This study aimed to analyze fracture patterns resulting from RTCs in Iran.
Methods: A registry-based study was conducted using data from the National Trauma Registry of Iran (NTRI) spanning 2016 to 2023. The study included 10,114 trauma patients involved in RTCs, encompassing car and motorcycle crashes with at least one fracture. International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) codes were used for data analysis, considering both orthopedic and non-orthopedic admissions related to RTCs. Fracture incidence was compared among pedestrians, drivers/riders, and passengers/pillions.
Results: Males constituted a significant majority in cars (90.1% drivers, 72.1% pedestrians, 47.0% passengers) and motorcycle crashes (99.6% riders, 77.0% pedestrians, 65.3% pillions) (p < 0.001). Drivers showed the highest frequency of head injuries (26.9%) (p <0.01), while pedestrians had the highest frequency of upper extremity injuries (73.1%) (p<0.001). Drivers also demonstrated a higher frequency of vertebral fractures compared to passengers (C3-C7: 3.2% vs. 1.4%, p < 0.05). Riders (33.5%) displayed a higher frequency of head and face fractures compared to pillions (24.8%) and pedestrians (17.4%) (p < 0.05). Pedestrians (3.7%) demonstrated a higher frequency of peritrochanteric fractures compared to passengers/pillions (1.9%) and drivers/riders (1.7%) (p < 0.01). Fractures of the tibia were significantly more frequent in pedestrians (20.9%) compared to drivers/riders (22.5%) and passengers/pillions (15.4%) (p < 0.01).
Conclusion: The study provided valuable information on the fracture patterns associated with RTCs among road user groups.
Privacy-Preserving Distributed Estimation via Laplacian and Gaussian Differential-Privacy Noise
Authors: Zayyani Hadi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

In this paper, a private distributed estimation algorithm is proposed. In this algorithm, a differential-privacy noise is added to the intermediate estimation to be exchanged among nodes. Two types of differential noise is regarded in the paper which are Gaussian and Laplacian. Also, in each case, two approaches are used to recover the true intermediate estimations. In the first approach, we estimate the true intermediate estimation and in the second approach, we estimate the noise vector and then subtract it from the noise intermediate estimation. We show that both approaches lead to the same formula for denoised intermediate estimation. Simulation experiments corroborate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm when variance of added privacy noise is high and the privacy is guaranteed with high confidence.
Risk factors and prognosis of postoperative acute myocardial infarction in elderly hip fracture patients combined with coronary heart disease
Authors: Ran Saidi Ran , Yu Qili , Fu MingMing , Hou Zhiyong , Wang Zhiqian 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Introduction: This article mainly studies the risk factors for postoperative acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in elderly hip fracture patients combined with coronary heart disease (CHD), constructs a prediction model, and evaluates the prognosis of all the patients. Methods This article retrospectively collected elderly patients with hip fracture and CHD who underwent hip fracture surgery at the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University from January 2019 to December 2021. Collect their demographic data, laboratory examination indicators, and imaging examination results from medical case system. Using univariate and multivariate logistic regression to determine the risk factors for postoperative AMI, establishing the nomogram prediction model, drawing ROC curves, calibration curves, and DCA decision curves by using R language. At the same time, the patients in the training set were followed up for 2 years to evaluate their survival situation. Results 1094 eligible patients divided into a training set (n = 824 from January 1, 2019 to September 31, 2021) and a validation set (n = 270 from October 1, 2021 to December 31, 2022). In the training set, women accounted for 58.6%; The average age of the patients was 79.4 years old; The main type of fracture was intertrochanteric fracture. There were 64.7% patients taken B receptor blockers; A total of 166(20.1%) patients underwent percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI); Hypertension accounted for 55.7%; 520(63.1%) patients had a preoperative waiting time greater than 3 days; The average hemoglobin value upon admission was 101.36g/L; The average intraoperative bleeding volume was 212.42ml; The average surgical time was 2.2 ± 0.3 hours; Reginal anesthesia accounted for 29.7%; 63 (68.5%) AMI patients had no obvious clinical symptoms; 68(73.9%) AMI patients did not show ST-segment elevation in ECG; The risk factors of postoperative AMI were age, hemoglobin at admission, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, intraoperative bleeding, and reginal anesthesia. The AUC of the nomogram prediction model was 0.729. The AUC in the validation set was 0.783. Survival analysis showed a significant statistical difference in 2-year mortality between patients with AMI and without AMI, what else, among all the patients with AMI, patients with ECG ST-segment elevation has higher mortality than patients without ECG ST-segment elevation. Conclusion Our research results found that the incidence of postoperative AMI in elderly patients with hip fractures and CHD was 11.1%. Age, diabetes, hemoglobin at admission, regional anesthesia, chronic kidney disease, and intraoperative bleeding are risk factors. The AUC of the training set is 0.729. The 2-year mortality rate of the patients with AMI is higher than that of patients without AMI.
Reflection and refraction of Gaussian beam by a biaxial anisotropic slab
Authors: Yan Bing , Zhang Huayong , Liu Chenhua , Chen Ping 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
An exact analytical solution is obtained to the reflection and refraction of a Gaussian beam by a biaxial anisotropic slab. The electromagnetic waves in different regions are expanded in terms of rectangular vector wave functions or represented as superposition of eigen plane waves, and the unknown expansion coefficients or angular spectrum amplitudes are determined by virtue of the boundary conditions. For a localized beam model, the normalized field intensity distributions are calculated, and the propagation characteristics are discussed briefly.
Association Rule Mining in Educational Data: Unveiling Patterns for Enhanced Learning Outcomes
Authors: NJIRU TERRENCE 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Educational institutions are increasingly leveraging data-driven approaches to improve teaching and learning processes. This research paper delves into the application of association rule mining in Educational Data Mining (EDM) to uncover hidden patterns and relationships within educational datasets. The study focuses on how these associations can be utilized to enhance instructional strategies, student performance, and overall educational outcomes.
Using of AI as standardized patients in Pediatric Surgeon Training Program： A tentative exploration
Authors: Shen Wei , Liang Xingchi , Xiang Xuang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Purpose:
Traditional standardized patients (SP) are expensive and not so feasible. We tried to explore the prospective capacity of a natural language processing model (ChatGPT 4.0) as SP in pediatric surgeon training.
Methods: Using AI as a SP involves creating scenarios and interacting with the AI model to simulate patient-doctor interactions, developing conversational scripts, integrating medical knowledge, incorporating feedback mechanisms, considering ethical and privacy Issues.
Results:
We successfully create standardized patients for pediatric surgeon training with ChatGPT 4.0.
Conclusion:
Using ChatGPT as a standardized patient for pediatric surgeon training can be a feasible and valuable approach, but it comes with certain considerations and limitations.
Association between different hemoglobin glycation index and poor prognosis in patients with a first diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction-a study based on the MIMIC-IV database
Authors: Hu Ben , Hou Linlin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
The relationship between HGI and short-term mortality risk in patients with a first diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains unclear. This study sought to understand better the relationship between HGI and mortality risk in patients with a first diagnosis of AMI.
Methods
We conducted a cohort study using data from 1961 patients with a first diagnosis of AMI from the MIMIC-IV (version 2.2) database. Patients were divided into four groups based on HGI quartiles. The Cox proportional hazards model and a two-segmented Cox proportional hazards model were used to elucidate the nonlinear relationship between HGI in patients with a first diagnosis of AMI and mortality were used to elucidate the nonlinear relationship between HGI in patients with a first diagnosis of AMI and mortality.
Results
Of the surveyed population, 175 patients (8.92%) died within 90 days, and 210 patients (10.71%) died within 180 days. A low HGI was significantly associated with 90-day mortality [HR, 1.96; 95% CI, (1.26, 3.05); P < 0.001] and 180-day mortality [HR, 1.62; 95% CI, (1.10, 2.38); P < 0.001] in patients with a first diagnosis of AMI in the completely adjusted Cox proportional risk model, showing a non-linear correlation with an inflection point at 0.16 and 0.44. In the subgroup analysis, patients with pre-diabetes mellitus (pre-DM) and lower HGI levels had increased 90-day (HR 8.30; 95% CI 2.91, 23.68) and 180-day mortality risks (HR 6.84; 95% CI 2.86, 16.34).
Conclusion
There is a significant correlation between HGI and all-cause mortality in patients diagnosed with AMI, especially those with lower HGI. HGI can serve as a potential indicator for evaluating the 90 and 180-day death risk of such patients.