bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Infrastructure in Black
Authors: Kazanjian David 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis essay interprets a 1714 petition by five Black Bostonians as a challenge to the role infrastructure played in racial capitalism's development in colonial New England. It theorizes this petition as an “ante-commons,” or a collective action at once before, alongside, and apposite to colonial modes of possession. It further shows how commons in early America did not simply oppose racial capitalism; they often supplemented enclosure, dispossession, and accumulation. Infra this whole story—underneath the extant archives and subsequent settler narratives of colonial New England's racial infrastructure—are intimately intertwined Black and Native lives and lands that unsettled possession in both its individuated and common forms.
Playing with Power: American Businesspeople, Diplomacy, and Electricity in Late Nineteenth- and Early Twentieth-Century Korea
Authors: Kahm Howard , Kim Hanmee Na 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHenry Collbran and Harry Bostwick were the most successful American businessmen in Korea in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. While they are well known for constructing the Seoul-Inch’ŏn railroad, the Seoul waterworks, and the streetcar system, their backgrounds and how they carried out their activities have not been deeply examined. Foreign businesspeople like Collbran and Bostwick possessed the technology and capital that Korea needed for modernization, but they had to navigate the volatile dynamics of domestic politics and international relations in the era of multilateral imperialism (1882–1905). This article argues that as Korea transitioned away from traditional East Asian diplomatic relations to Western-style diplomacy, Collbran and Bostwick functioned as unconventional nonstate actors who positioned themselves as unofficial American representatives to advance their business interests. While Collbran and Bostwick leveraged their position to extract the greatest possible benefits from the Koreans through mechanisms like high-interest debt traps, Emperor Kojong and Korean officials simultaneously sought to tie the American businessmen to Korea through diplomacy traps tied to concessions. These dynamics were particularly clear in the early electrification of Korea and the establishment and dissolution of the Seoul Electric Company.
Perioperative Complications and In-Hospital Mortality in Partial and Radical Nephrectomy Patients with Heart-Valve Replacement
Authors: Siech Carolin , Baudo Andrea , de Angelis Mario , Jannello Letizia Maria Ippolita , Di Bello Francesco , Goyal Jordan A. , Tian Zhe , Saad Fred , Shariat Shahrokh F. , Longo Nicola , Carmignani Luca , de Cobelli Ottavio , Briganti Alberto , Kosiba Marina , Mandel Philipp , Kluth Luis A. , Chun Felix K. H. , Karakiewicz Pierre I. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
In-hospital mortality and complication rates after partial and radical nephrectomy in patients with history of heart-valve replacement are unknown.

Patients and Methods
Relying on the National Inpatient Sample (2000–2019), kidney cancer patients undergoing partial or radical nephrectomy were stratified according to presence or absence of heart-valve replacement. Multivariable logistic and Poisson regression models addressed adverse hospital outcomes.

Results
Overall, 39,673 patients underwent partial nephrectomy versus 94,890 radical nephrectomy. Of those, 248 (0.6%) and 676 (0.7%) had a history of heart-valve replacement. Heart-valve replacement patients were older (median partial nephrectomy 69 versus 60 years; radical nephrectomy 71 versus 63 years), and more frequently exhibited Charlson comorbidity index ≥ 3 (partial nephrectomy 22 versus 12%; radical nephrectomy 32 versus 23%). In partial nephrectomy patients, history of heart-valve replacement increased the risk of cardiac complications [odds ratio (OR) 4.33; p < 0.001), blood transfusions (OR 2.00; p < 0.001), intraoperative complications (OR 1.53; p = 0.03), and longer hospital stay [rate ratio (RR) 1.25; p < 0.001], but not in-hospital mortality (p = 0.5). In radical nephrectomy patients, history of heart-valve replacement increased risk of postoperative bleeding (OR 4.13; p < 0.001), cardiac complications (OR 2.72; p < 0.001), intraoperative complications (OR 1.53; p < 0.001), blood transfusions (OR 1.27; p = 0.02), and longer hospital stay (RR 1.12; p < 0.001), but not in-hospital mortality (p = 0.5).

Conclusions
History of heart-valve replacement independently predicted four of twelve adverse outcomes in partial nephrectomy and five of twelve adverse outcomes in radical nephrectomy patients including intraoperative and cardiac complications, blood transfusions, and longer hospital stay. Conversely, no statistically significant differences were observed in in-hospital mortality.
Postoperative intussusception in children operated for primary intussusception - A very rare entity
Authors: Chaudhary Muhammad Amjad , Chandni  , Aisha Malik  , Sadia Asmat Burki  
Published: March 2024

Postoperative intussusception (POI) after abdominal and non-abdominal operations is a rare but recognized condition discussed several times in literature. There are scarce reports regarding POI in children operated primarily for intussusception. We discuss three such cases that were seen in our institution in the last two years. The patients showed symptoms of atypical ileus that failed to resolve two to eight days following primary surgery. Ultrasound reported intussusception and surgical intervention was sought. All patients had ileoileal intussusception. Manual reduction was successful in two cases. One had intestinal necrosis and underwent resection and anastomosis. Recovery was satisfactory without recurrence. POI should be suspected in patients who show signs of intestinal obstruction in early postoperative period. A second POI should be kept in mind after surgical reduction of the first intussusception. Ultrasound should be performed to aid diagnosis followed by urgent surgical intervention.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.5.8276
How to cite this: Chaudhary MA, Chandni, Jamil A, Burki SA. Postoperative intussusception in children operated for primary intussusception - A very rare entity. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(5):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.5.8276
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
INTERNET ADDICTION: METHODS FOR ASSESSING VARIOUS FORMS OF COMPUTER DEPENDENCE
Authors: Moskalenko Olga L. 
Published: March 2024

Purpose: analysis of methods for assessing various forms of computer addiction in domestic and foreign scientific research.
Materials and methods. The article presents a review of the literature and analyzes scientific research on Internet addiction in children, adolescents and adolescents. The advantages internet addiction assessment methods (ease of use; minimum filling time; quantitative and qualitative assessment of the features of Internet addiction in children, adolescents and adolescents; obtaining information from any number of respondents) and disadvantages (information obtained during the survey process may be subjective, which can be link the pressure of social approval) of diagnostic questionnaires with the interpretation of the results obtained. In most of the presented scientific studies, the most accessible research methods were used to assess the characteristics of Internet addiction - questionnaires, questioning (full-time).
A scientific search was carried out using the relevant keywords and basic terms in the PubMed and Google Scholar search engines, in the Scopus database, Web of Science, MedLine, The Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Global Health, CyberLeninka, RSCI (eLIBRARY.RU) and others.
Results. According to the results of studies conducted in different countries, Internet addiction is widespread among children, adolescents and adolescents, and every year their number is increasing.
Conclusion. It should be noted that each questionnaire has its own advantages and disadvantages, diagnostic criteria of the norm, the inclusion or non-inclusion of individuals in the study, the formation of groups, as well as the compliance of the questionnaire methods and the results of the study with the tasks set - "validity".
Analysis of the causes of primary revision after unicompartmental knee arthroplasty: A case series
Authors: Zhao Jin-Long , Jin Xiao , Huang He-Tao , Yang Wei-Yi , Li Jia-Hui , Luo Ming-Hui , Liu Jun , Pan Jian-Ke 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND
Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) has great advantages in the treatment of unicompartmental knee osteoarthritis, but its revision rate is higher than that of total knee arthroplasty.
AIM
To summarize and analyse the causes of revision after UKA.
METHODS
This is a retrospective case series study in which the reasons for the first revision after UKA are summarized. We analysed the clinical symptoms, medical histories, laboratory test results, imaging examination results and treatment processes of the patients who underwent revision and summarized the reasons for primary revision after UKA.
RESULTS
A total of 13 patients, including 3 males and 10 females, underwent revision surgery after UKA. The average age of the included patients was 67.62 years. The prosthesis was used for 3 d to 72 months. The main reasons for revision after UKA were improper suturing of the surgical opening (1 patient), osteophytes (2 patients), intra-articular loose bodies (2 patients), tibial prosthesis loosening (2 patients), rheumatoid arthritis (1 patient), gasket dislocation (3 patients), anterior cruciate ligament injury (1 patient), and medial collateral ligament injury with residual bone cement (1 patient).
CONCLUSION
The causes of primary revision after UKA were gasket dislocation, osteophytes, intra-articular loose bodies and tibial prosthesis loosening. Avoidance of these factors may greatly reduce the rate of revision after UKA, improve patient satisfaction and reduce medical burden.
Clinical characteristics of acute non-varicose upper gastrointestinal bleeding and the effect of endoscopic hemostasis
Authors: Wang Xiao-Juan , Shi Yu-Peng , Wang Li , Li Ya-Ni , Xu Li-Juan , Zhang Yue , Han Shuang 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND
Acute non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (ANVUGIB) constitutes a prevalent emergency within Gastroenterology, encompassing 80%-90% of all gastrointestinal hemorrhage incidents. This condition is distinguished by its abrupt onset, swift progression, and notably elevated mortality rate.
AIM
To gather clinical data from patients with ANVUGIB at our hospital in order to elucidate the clinical characteristics specific to our institution and analyze the therapeutic effectiveness of endoscopic hemostasis.
METHODS
We retrospectively retrieved the records of 532 patients diagnosed with ANVUGIB by endoscopy at our hospital between March 2021 and March 2023, utilizing our medical record system. Data pertaining to general patient information, etiological factors, disease outcomes, and other relevant variables were meticulously collected and analyzed.
RESULTS
Among the 532 patients diagnosed with ANVUGIB, the male-to-female ratio was 2.91:1, with a higher prevalence among males. Notably, 43.6% of patients presented with black stool as their primary complaint, while 27.4% had hematemesis as their initial symptom. Upon admission, 17% of patients exhibited both hematemesis and black stool, while most ANVUGIB patients primarily complained of overt gastrointestinal bleeding. Urgent routine blood examinations at admission revealed that 75.8% of patients had anemia, with 63.4% experiencing moderate to severe anemia, and 1.5% having extremely severe anemia (hemoglobin < 30 g/L). With regard to etiology, 53.2% of patients experienced bleeding without a definitive trigger, 24.2% had a history of using gastric mucosa-irritating medications, 24.2% developed bleeding after alcohol consumption, 2.8% attributed it to improper diet, 1.7% to emotional excitement, and 2.3% to fatigue preceding the bleeding episode. Drug-induced ANVUGIB was more prevalent in the elderly than middle-aged and young individuals, while bleeding due to alcohol consumption showed the opposite trend. Additionally, diet-related bleeding was more common among the young age group compared to the middle-aged group. Gastrointestinal endoscopy identified peptic ulcers as the most frequent cause of ANVUGIB (73.3%), followed by gastrointestinal malignancies (10.9%), acute gastric mucous lesions (9.8%), and androgenic upper gastrointestinal bleeding (1.5%) among inpatients with ANVUGIB. Of the 532 patients with gastrointestinal bleeding, 68 underwent endoscopic hemostasis, resulting in an endoscopic treatment rate of 12.8%, with a high immediate hemostasis success rate of 94.1%.
CONCLUSION
ANVUGIB patients exhibit diverse characteristics across different age groups, and endoscopic hemostatic treatments have demonstrated remarkable efficacy.
Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis induced by X-linked agammaglobulinemia: A case report
Authors: Zhang Ting , Li Ming , Tan Li , Li Xin 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND
Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) and X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) are rare diseases in children. Many theories infer that immunodeficiency can induce PAP, but these reports are almost all review articles, and there is little clinical evidence. We report the case of a child with both PAP and XLA.
CASE SUMMARY
A 4-month-old boy sought medical treatment due to coughing and difficulty in breathing for > 2 wk. He had been hospitalized multiple times due to respiratory infections and diarrhea. Chest computed tomography and alveolar lavage fluid showed typical PAP-related manifestations. Genetic testing confirmed that the boy also had XLA. Following total lung alveolar lavage and intravenous immunoglobulin replacement therapy, the boy recovered and was discharged. During the follow-up period, the number of respiratory infections was significantly reduced, and PAP did not recur.
CONCLUSION
XLA can induce PAP and improving immune function contributes to the prognosis of children with this type of PAP.
Gradient inflammation in the pancreatic stump after pancreaticoduodenectomy: Two case reports and review of literature
Authors: Wang Tie-Gong , Tian Liang , Zhang Xiao-Ling , Zhang Lei , Zhao Xiu-Lei , Kong De-Shuai 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND
Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) contributes significantly to morbidity and mortality after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study explored this pathology in the pancreatic stumps and elucidated the mechanisms of POPF following PD.
CASE SUMMARY
Pathological analysis and 16S rRNA gene sequencing were performed on specimens obtained from two patients who underwent complete pancreatectomy for grade C POPF after PD. Gradient inflammation is present in the pancreatic stump. The apoptosis was lower than that in the normal pancreas. Moreover, neutrophil-dominated inflammatory cells are concentrated in the ductal system. Notably, neutrophils migrated through the ductal wall in acinar duct metaplasia-formed ducts. Additionally, evidence indicates that gut microbes migrate from the digestive tract. Gradient inflammation occurs in pancreatic stumps after PD.
CONCLUSION
The mechanisms underlying POPF include high biochemical activity in the pancreas, mechanical injury, and digestive reflux. To prevent POPF and address pancreatic inflammation and reflux, breaking the link with anastomotic dehiscence is practical.
Low interleukin-10 level indicates a good prognosis in Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium-induced pediatric hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: A case report
Authors: Chen Yuan-Yuan , Xu Xiang-Zhi , Xu Xiao-Jun 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND
Secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH) triggered by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium is rare in pediatric patients. There is no consensus on how to treat S. typhimurium -triggered sHLH.
CASE SUMMARY
A 9-year-old boy with intermittent fever for 3 d presented to our hospital with positive results for S. typhimurium , human rhinovirus, and Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections. At the time of admission to our institution, the patient’s T helper 1/T helper 2 cytokine levels were 326 pg/mL for interleukin 6 (IL-6), 9.1 pg/mL for IL-10, and 246.7 pg/mL for interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), for which the ratio of IL-10 to IFN-γ was 0.04. In this study, the patient received meropenem, linezolid, and cefoperazone/sulbactam in combination with high-dose methylprednisolone therapy (10 mg/kg/d for 3 d) and antishock supportive treatment twice. After careful evaluation, this patient did not receive HLH chemotherapy and recovered well.
CONCLUSION
S. Typhimurium infection-triggered sHLH patient had a ratio of IL-10 to IFN-γ ≤ 1.33, an IL-10 concentration ≤ 10.0 pg/mL, and/or an IFN-γ concentration ≤ 225 pg/mL at admission. Early antimicrobial and supportive treatment was sufficient, and the HLH-94/2004 protocol was not necessary under these conditions.
Multi-systemic melioidosis in a patient with type 2 diabetes in non-endemic areas: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Ni Huan-Yu , Zhang Ying , Huang Dong-Hai , Zhou Feng 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND
Melioidosis, an infectious disease caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei (B. pseudomallei ), occurs endemically in Southeast Asia and Northern Australia and is a serious opportunistic infection associated with a high mortality rate.
CASE SUMMARY
A 58-year-old woman presented with scattered erythema on the skin of her limbs, followed by fever and seizures. B. pseudomalle i was isolated successively from the patient’s urine, blood, and pus. Magnetic resonance imaging showed abscess formation involving the right forehead and the right frontal region. Subsequently, abscess resection and drainage were performed. The patient showed no signs of relapse after 4 months of follow-up visits post-treatment.
CONCLUSION
We present here a unique case of multi-systemic melioidosis that occurs in non-endemic regions in a patient who had no recent travel history. Hence, it is critical to enhance awareness of melioidosis in non-endemic regions.
Challenging anticoagulation therapy for multiple primary malignant tumors combined with thrombosis: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Chen Jia-Xin , Xu Ling-Ling , Cheng Jing-Ping , Xu Xun-Hua 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND
Venous thromboembolism significantly contributes to patient deterioration and mortality. Management of its etiology and anticoagulation treatment is intricate, necessitating a comprehensive consideration of various factors, including the bleeding risk, dosage, specific anticoagulant medications, and duration of therapy. Herein, a case of lower extremity thrombosis with multiple primary malignant tumors and high risk of bleeding was reviewed to summarize the shortcomings of treatment and prudent anticoagulation experience.
CASE SUMMARY
An 83-year-old female patient was admitted to the hospital due to a 2-wk history of left lower extremity edema that had worsened over 2 d. Considering her medical history and relevant post-admission investigations, it was determined that the development of left lower extremity venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism in this case could be attributed to a combination of factors, including multiple primary malignant tumors, iliac venous compression syndrome, previous novel coronavirus infection, and inadequate treatment for prior thrombotic events. However, the selection of appropriate anticoagulant medications, determination of optimal drug dosages, and establishment of an appropriate duration of anticoagulation therapy were important because of concurrent thrombocytopenia, decreased quantitative fibrinogen levels, and renal insufficiency.
CONCLUSION
Anticoagulant prophylaxis should be promptly initiated in cases of high-risk thrombosis. Individualized anticoagulation therapy is required for complex thrombosis.
All-solid highly sensitive fiber-tip magnetic field sensor based on a Fabry–Perot interferometer with a breakpoint structure
Authors: Zhang Yingfang , Ma Xingchao , Xu Ben , Li Jianqing , Chen Huifang , Kang Juan , Zhao Chunliu , Jin Shangzhong 
Published: March 2024

An all-solid fiber-tip Fabry–Perot interferometer (FPI) coated with a nickel film is proposed and experimentally verified for magnetic field sensing with high sensitivity. It is fabricated by splicing a segment of a thin-wall capillary tube to a standard single-mode fiber (SMF), then inserting a tiny segment of fiber with a smaller diameter into the capillary tube, and creating an ultra-narrow air-gap at the SMF end to form an FPI. When the device is exposed to magnetic field, the capillary tube is strained due to the magnetostrictive effect of the nickel film coated on its outer surface. In addition, owing to the unique breakpoint sensitivity-enhancement structure of the air-gap FPI, the elongation of the capillary tube whose length is over 100 times longer than the air-gap width is entirely transferred to the cavity length change of the FPI, and the sensor is extremely sensitive to the magnetic field as proved by our experiments, achieving a high sensitivity of up to 2.236 nm/mT for a linear magnetic field range from 40 to 60 mT, as well as a low-temperature cross-sensitivity of 56 µT/°C. The all-solid stable structure, compact size (total length of ∼3.0 mm), and reflective working mode with high magnetic field sensitivity indicate that this sensor has good application prospects.
Swallowing kinematics and submental muscles activation during a newly designed maneuver called Mouth Open Swallowing Maneuver: A comparative study
Authors: Yaşaroğlu Ömer Faruk , Serel Arslan Selen , Cengiz Emre , Alıcı Rabia , Demir Numan , Oğuz Berna , Düger Tülin 
Published: March 2024

The aim of this study was to design a new maneuver called the Mouth Open Swallowing Maneuver (MOSM), and to compare swallowing kinematics and submental muscles activation (SMA) between MOSM and two current approaches used in dysphagia rehabilitation. Fifty healthy volunteers were asked to perform three repetitions of dry swallowing (DS) (control task), the MOSM, the Mendelsohn Maneuver (MM), and the Tongue-Hold Maneuver (THM) during videofluoroscopic swallowing study accompanied with simultaneous SMA recording. Swallowing kinematics were measured by frame-by-frame analysis on hyolaryngeal movement using ImageJ. Swallowing with maximum hyolaryngeal movement and SMA during these tasks was used for comparative analysis. Vertical movement of the hyoid during the MOSM was significantly greater than those observed during the DS and the THM (p<0.001, p<0.001). Horizontal movement of the hyoid during DS and the THM was significantly greater than that observed during the MM (p = 0.001, p = 0.001). Vertical movement of the larynx during the MOSM was significantly greater than those observed during DS, MM, and THM (p<0.001). There was no significant difference between tasks in horizontal movement of the larynx (p = 0.785). SMA during the THM was significantly greater than that observed during MOSM (p = 0.002). No significant difference was found between other tasks in terms of SMA (p>0.05). The MOSM as a newly designed maneuver was significantly superior to other maneuvers in increasing vertical hyolaryngeal movement. The THM has as much effect on hyolaryngeal movement as the MM. In this study, the MOSM was shown to be effective in increasing hyolaryngeal movement.
ClinicalTrials.gov Protocol Registration and Results System (PRS); the clinical trial registration number (NCT05579041).