bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Toward a model of the everyday life information needs of urban teenagers, part 1: Theoretical model
Authors: Agosto Denise E. , Hughes‐Hassell Sandra 
Published: June 2006

AbstractThis is the first part of a two‐part article that offers a theoretical and an empirical model of the everyday life information needs of urban teenagers. The qualitative methodology used to gather data for the development of the models included written surveys, audio journals, written activity logs, photographs, and semistructured group interviews. Twenty‐seven inner‐city teens aged 14 through 17 participated in the study. Data analysis took the form of iterative pattern coding using QSR NVivo 2 software (QSR International, 2002). The resulting theoretical model includes seven areas of urban teen development: the social self, the emotional self, the reflective self, the physical self, the creative self, the cognitive self, and the sexual self. The researchers conclude that the essence of teen everyday life information seeking (ELIS) is the gathering and processing of information to facilitate the teen‐to‐adulthood maturation process. ELIS is self‐exploration and world exploration that helps teens understand themselves and the social and physical worlds in which they live. This study shows the necessity of tying youth information‐seeking research to developmental theory in order to examine the reasons why adolescents engage in various information behaviors.
The role of the Internet in informal scholarly communication
Authors: Barjak Franz 
Published: June 2006

AbstractThe present analysis looks at how scientists use the Internet for informal scientific communication. It investigates the relationship between several explanatory variables and Internet use in a cross‐section of scientists from seven European countries and five academic disciplines (astronomy, chemistry, computer science, economics, and psychology). The analysis confirmed some of the results of previous U.S.‐based analyses. In particular, it corroborated a positive relationship between research productivity and Internet use. The relationship was found to be nonlinear, with very productive (nonproductive) scientists using the Internet less (more) than would be expected according to their productivity. Also, being involved in collaborative R&D and having large networks of collaborators is associated with increased Internet use. In contrast to older studies, the analysis did not find any equalizing effect whereby higher Internet use rates help to overcome the problems of potentially disadvantaged researchers. Obviously, everybody who wants to stay at the forefront of research and keep up‐to‐date with developments in their research fields has to use the Internet.
Very late thrombosis after drug‐eluting stents
Authors: Feres Fausto , Costa J. Ribamar , Abizaid Alexandre 
Published: June 2006

AbstractStent thrombosis is a rare but potentially fatal complication of percutaneous treatment of coronary disease. Its occurrence after drug eluting stent (DES) placement has raised concerns, especially when it occurs late after the stent implantation. The mechanisms of late thrombosis after DES have yet to be completely understood. By means of serial angiography and intravascular (IVUS) images we described a relatively new and unusual vessel response to drug‐eluting stents (e.g. huge positive remodeling in all vessel extension), leading to impressive late‐acquired incomplete stent apposition and finally causing stent thrombosis and acute myocardial infarction. After describing the two cases, one after Cypher stent implantation and one after Taxus stent implantation, we briefly reviewed the literature available on stent thrombosis with special emphasis on its late occurrence. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Quantitative assessment of in‐stent dimensions: A comparison of 64 and 16 detector multislice computed tomography to intravascular ultrasound
Authors: Beohar Nirat , Robbins Joel D. , Cavanaugh Brendan J. , Ansari Asimul H. , Yaghmai Vahid , Carr James , Davidson Charles J. 
Published: June 2006

AbstractObjectives:To determine the utility of multislice computed tomography (MSCT) technology to evaluate coronary stent luminal diameter.Background:Stent metal induced “blooming” artifact makes quantitative coronary angiography by MSCT difficult. There is a paucity of data on the efficacy of using 64 and 16 detector MSCT in evaluating coronary stents.Methods:We evaluated four commercially available bare metal and polymer coated drug eluting stents using 64 and 16 detector MSCT for the following: (1) Strut density in Hounsfield's Units (Hu) using a 2 mm MIP; (2) In‐stent luminal diameter (ISLD) measured by MSCT compared to intravascular ultrasound (IVUS).Results:Increased strut thickness did not correlate with greater strut density as measured in Hu (R2 = 0.05, P = 0.29). The ISLD by 16 MSCT vs. IVUS is: Vision 1.63 ± 0.58 mm vs. 2.8 ± 0.0; Cypher 1.80 ± 0.00 vs. 2.9 ± 0.0; Taxus 1.87 ± 0.58 vs. 2.9 ± 0.0; Liberté 1.80 ± 0.10 vs. 3.0 ± 0.1 (P < 0.01). ISLD determined by 64 MSCT vs. IVUS is: Vision 1.73 ± 0.06 mm vs. 2.8 ± 0.0; Cypher 1.87 ± 0.12 vs. 2.9 ± 0.0; Taxus 1.77 ± 0.06 vs. 2.9 ± 0.0; Liberté 1.80 ± 0.10 vs. 3.0 ± 0.1 (P < 0.01).Conclusions:When compared to IVUS measurements, MSCT results in a significant, underestimation of ISLD. This consistent underestimation (even with 64 MSCT) limits the applicability of CT angiography to quantify in‐stent restenosis. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Provisional T‐stenting and kissing balloon in the treatment of coronary bifurcation lesions: Results of the French multicenter “TULIPE” study
Authors: Brunel Philippe , Lefevre Thierry , Darremont Olivier , louvard Yves 
Published: June 2006

AbstractBackground:In previous prospective studies, a strategy of (a) stenting of the main branch, (b) provisional T‐stenting of the side branch, and (c) final kissing balloon inflation, was associated with high success and low target lesion revascularization (TLR) rates on the long‐term.Objectives:To examine the performance of this strategy in a multicenter study.Methods:Consecutive patients were treated at 14 French medical centers for de novo coronary bifurcation lesions with the same technique used. Immediate results and clinically‐driven TLR at 7 months were examined.Results:The mean reference diameters of the main and side branches were 3.2 ± 0.6 mm and 2.4 ± 0.5 mm, respectively. The side branch was stented in 34% of patients. A <30% residual stenosis in the main branch was achieved in 99%, <50% in the side branch in 90%, and both in 89% of procedures. The in‐hospital major adverse cardiovascular event were a Q‐wave and 5 non‐Qwaves MI (0.54% and 2.7%). At 7 months of follow‐up, 3 patients (1.76%) had died, 1 suffered a non‐Q‐wave MI (0.59%), and 28 (15.88%) underwent TLR. By multivariate analysis, a lower left ventricular ejection fraction (OR: 0.934), moderate calcifications (OR: 7.86), and non‐use of the “jailed” wire technique (OR: 4.26) were associated with reinterventions during follow‐up.Conclusions:A strategy of provisional T‐stenting with a tubular stent and final kissing balloon angioplasty for the treatment of coronary bifurcation lesions was safe and associated with a low TLR rate at 7 months. This strategy should be applicable to the new era of drug eluting stents. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
MEK kinase 1 is a negative regulator of virus‐specific CD8+ T cells
Authors: Labuda Tord , Christensen Jan Pravsgaard , Rasmussen Susanne , Bonnesen Barbara , Karin Michael , Thomsen Allan Randrup , Ødum Niels 
Published: June 2006

AbstractMEK kinase 1 (MEKK1) is a potent JNK‐activating kinase, a regulator of T helper cell differentiation, cytokine production and proliferation in vitro. Using mice deficient for MEKK1 activity (Mekk1ΔKD) exclusively in their hematopoietic system, we show that MEKK1 has a negative regulatory role in the generation of a virus‐specific immune response. Mekk1ΔKD mice challenged with vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) showed a fourfold increase in splenic CD8+ T cell numbers. In contrast, the number of splenic T cells in infected WT mice was only marginally increased. The CD8+ T cell expansion in Mekk1ΔKD mice following VSV infection is virus‐specific and the frequency of virus‐specific T cells is significantly higher (more than threefold) in Mekk1ΔKD as compared to WT animals. Moreover, the hyper‐expansion of T cells seen in Mekk1ΔKD mice after VSV infection is a result of increased proliferation, since a significantly higher percentage of virus‐specific Mekk1ΔKD CD8+ T cells incorporated BrdU as compared to virus‐specific WT CD8+ T cells. In contrast, similar levels of apoptosis were detected in Mekk1ΔKD and WT T cells following VSV infection. These results strongly suggest that MEKK1 plays a negative regulatory role in the expansion of virus‐specific CD8+ T cells in vivo.
Decreased specific CD8+ T cell cross‐reactivity of antigen recognition following vaccination with Melan‐A peptide
Authors: Appay Victor , Speiser Daniel E. , Rufer Nathalie , Reynard Severine , Barbey Catherine , Cerottini Jean‐Charles , Leyvraz Serge , Pinilla Clemencia , Romero Pedro 
Published: June 2006

AbstractThe aim of T cell vaccines is the expansion of antigen‐specific T cells able to confer immune protection against pathogens or tumors. Although increase in absolute cell numbers, effector functions and TCR repertoire of vaccine‐induced T cells are often evaluated, their reactivity for the cognate antigen versus their cross‐reactive potential is rarely considered. In fact, little information is available regarding the influence of vaccines on T cell fine specificity of antigen recognition despite the impact that this feature may have in protective immunity. To shed light on the cross‐reactive potential of vaccine‐induced cells, we analyzed the reactivity of CD8+ T cells following vaccination of HLA‐A2+ melanoma patients with Melan‐A peptide, incomplete Freund's adjuvant and CpG‐oligodeoxynucleotide adjuvant, which was shown to induce strong expansion of Melan‐A‐reactive CD8+ T cells in vivo. A collection of predicted Melan‐A cross‐reactive peptides, identified from a combinatorial peptide library, was used to probe functional antigen recognition of PBMC ex vivo and Melan‐A‐reactive CD8+ T cell clones. While Melan‐A‐reactive CD8+ T cells prior to vaccination are usually constituted of widely cross‐reactive naive cells, we show that peptide vaccination resulted in expansion of memory T cells displaying a reactivity predominantly restricted to the antigen of interest. Importantly, these cells are tumor‐reactive.
Distinct orientation of the alloreactive monoclonal CD8 T cell activation program by three different peptide/MHC complexes
Authors: Auphan‐Anezin Nathalie , Mazza Catherine , Guimezanes Annick , Barrett‐Wilt Gregory A. , Montero‐Julian Felix , Roussel Alain , Hunt Donald F. , Malissen Bernard , Schmitt‐Verhulst Anne‐Marie 
Published: June 2006

AbstractWe have characterized three different programs of activation for alloreactive CD8 T cells expressing the BM3.3 TCR, their elicitation depending on the characteristics of the stimulating peptide/MHC complex. The high‐affinity interaction between the TCR and the Kb‐associated endogenous peptide pBM1 (INFDFNTI) induced a complete differentiation program into effector cells correlated with sustained ERK activation. The Kbm8 variant elicited a partial activation program with delayed T cell proliferation, poor CTL activity and undetectable ERK phosphorylation; this resulted from a low‐avidity interaction of TCR BM3.3 with a newly identified endogenous peptide, pBM8 (SQYYYNSL). Interestingly, mismatched pBM1/Kbm8 complexes induced a split response in BM3.3 T cells, with total reconstitution of T cell proliferation but defective generation of CTL activity that was correlated with strong but shortened ERK phosphorylation. Crystal structures highlight the molecular basis for the higher stability of pBM8/Kbm8 compared to pBM1/Kbm8 complexes that exist in two conformers. This study illustrates the importance of the stability of both peptide/MHC and peptide/MHC‐TCR interactions for induction of sustained signaling required to induce optimal CTL effector functions. Subtle allelic structural variations, amplified by peptide selection, may thus orient distinct outcomes of alloreactive TCR‐based therapies.
Cover Picture: An Efficient Route to Stable Room‐Temperature Liquid‐Crystalline Triphenylenes (Eur. J. Org. Chem. 13/2006)
Authors: Bock Harald , Rajaoarivelo Mbolotiana , Clavaguera Simon , Grelet Éric 
Published: June 2006

AbstractThe cover picture shows the dendritic growth in hexagonal symmetry of a columnar liquid‐crystalline triphenylenetetracarboxylic alkyl ester on a silicon wafer, seen by differential interference contrast microscopy in reflection. This ester, straightforwardly obtained by regioselective formylation of 2,6,10‐trimethyltriphenylene, is a member of the elusive class of electron‐deficient, room‐temperature columnar liquid crystals that are studied for use in organic optoelectronic devices. Details are discussed in the Short Communication by H. Bock et al. on p. 2889 ff.
Interpolating local snow depth data: an evaluation of methods
Authors: López‐Moreno J. I. , Nogués‐Bravo D. 
Published: June 2006

AbstractSnow depth measurements have been taken since 1986 at 106 snow poles distributed in the Spanish Pyrenees. Here, we compared the capacity of several local, geostatistical and global interpolator methods for mapping the spatial distribution of averaged snowpack (1986–2000) and the snowpack distribution in two single years with different climatic conditions. The error estimators indicate that the terrain complexity of the area makes it difficult to apply local and geostatistical methods satisfactorily. Regression‐tree models provide an accurate description of the data set used (the calibration phase), but they show a relatively low predictive capability for the study case (the validation phase). Using linear regression and generalized additive models (GAMs), we achieved more robust estimations than by means of a regression‐tree model. The GAMs give the most accurate prediction because they consider the non‐linear relationships between snowpack and the external characteristics (physical features) of the sampling points. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Recovery of urokinase from integrated mammalian cell culture cryogel bioreactor and purification of the enzyme using p‐aminobenzamidine affinity chromatography
Authors: Bansal Vibha , Roychoudhury Pradip K. , Mattiasson Bo , Kumar Ashok 
Published: June 2006

AbstractAn integrated product recovery system was developed to separate urokinase from the cell culture broth of human kidney cells HT1080. Supermacroporous monolithic cryogels provided ideal matrices with respect to surface and flow properties for use as cell culture scaffold as well as for affinity chromatographic capture step of the enzyme in the integrated system. The urokinase was produced continuously in the reactor running for 4 weeks with continuous circulation of 500 ml of culture medium. The enzyme activity in the culture medium reached to 280 Plough units (PU)/mg protein. Cu(II)‐iminodiacetic acid (IDA)‐polyacrylamide (pAAm) cryogel column was used to capture urokinase by integrating with the gelatin‐coupled pAAm‐cryogel bioreactor for HT1080 cell culture. After removing the urokinase capture column from the integrated system the bound protein was eluted. The metal affinity capture step gave 4.5‐fold purification of the enzyme thus achieving a specific activity of 1300 PU/mg protein. The enzyme eluate from Cu(II)‐IDA‐pAAm cryogel capture column was further purified on benzamidine‐Sepharose affinity column. This step finally led to a homogeneous preparation of different forms of urokinase in two different elution peaks with a best urokinase activity of 13 550 PU/mg of protein. As compared to initial activity in the cell culture broth, about 26.2‐ and 48.4‐fold increase in specific activity was achieved with enzyme yields corresponding to 32% and 35% in two different peak fractions, respectively. Native electrophoresis and SDS–PAGE showed multiple protein bands corresponding to different forms of the urokinase, which were confirmed by Western blotting and zymography. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Extended application of a chiral stationary phase based on (+)‐(18‐crown‐6)‐2,3,11,12‐tetracarboxylic acid to the resolution of N‐(substituted benzoyl)‐α‐amino acid amides
Authors: Tan Guanghui , Xue Jin Ying , Hyun Myung Ho 
Published: June 2006

AbstractA chiral stationary phase (CSP 1) based on (+)‐(18‐crown‐6)‐2,3,11,12‐tetracarboxylic acid was applied to the resolution of N‐(substituted benzoyl)‐α‐amino acid amides and esters. N‐(Substituted benzoyl)‐α‐amino acid amides were well resolved using a mixture of acetic acid‐triethylamine‐acetonitrile (0.01 : 0.05 : 100, v/v/v) as an optimum mobile phase while N‐(substituted benzoyl)‐α‐amino acid esters were not resolved at all. In contrast, both N‐(substituted benzoyl)‐α‐amino acid amides and esters were not resolved at all or resolved very poorly on another CSP (CSP 2), which lacks the two N–H hydrogens of the amide tethers of CSP 1. Among the substituents on the benzoyl group of analytes, the nitro group was the best for good resolution of analytes on CSP 1. From these results, the two N–H hydrogens of the amide tethers of CSP 1, the carbonyl oxygen of the amide group of analytes, and the nitro group on the benzoyl group of analytes were concluded to play significant roles in chiral recognition. In addition, various N‐(3,5‐dinitrobenzoyl)leucine amides with different lengths of N‐alkylamide chains were resolved on CSP 1 and N‐(3,5‐dinitrobenzoyl)leucine N‐propylamide was found to show the best chiral recognition in terms of the separation (α = 1.30) and the resolution factor (RS = 3.17).
Autocatalytic oxidation of hemin by acidic bromate
Authors: Rácz K. , Burger M. , Nagy‐Ungvarai ZS. 
Published: June 2006

AbstractThe kinetic behavior of the autocatalytic oxidation of hemin by acidic bromate was studied spectrophotometrically. The reaction was shown to differ significantly from both the acidic decomposition and the direct bromination of hemin. The dependence of its maximal rate on the reactant concentrations was established asv=k[hemin]0.8[BrO−3][H+]1.2. The value of the net rate constant was determined at two different ionic strengths. In the reaction path BrO.2radicals rather than elementary bromine play a crucial role. A mechanism is presented which takes into account the results of bromate chemistry as described for the Belousov–Zhabotinsky (BZ) reaction completed with the appropriate steps of hemin. On the basis of the suggested mechanism, model calculations were carried out which allowed to give an estimation for the rate constant of the reaction between hemin and BrO.2radicals. The results of computations account for the main experimental features of the reaction. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 38: 503–509, 2006
The reaction of OH with acetaldehyde and deuterated acetaldehyde: Further insight into the reaction mechanism at both low and elevated temperatures
Authors: Taylor Philip H. , Yamada Takahiro , Marshall Paul 
Published: June 2006

AbstractThe pulsed laser photolysis/laser‐induced fluorescence technique has been used to conduct additional measurements of the gas‐phase CH3CHO + OH reaction. These measurements were conducted to verify the complex temperature dependence previously observed by the authors and to acquire mechanistic information about the reaction mechanism in the form of primary kinetic isotope effects. Primary kinetic isotope effect measurements at temperatures of 297, 383, 600, and 860 K indicate that H abstraction from the acetyl group dominates that of the methyl group at low to modest temperatures (⩽600 K) and H abstraction from the methyl group dominates that from the acetyl group at higher temperatures (860 K). A bi‐exponential © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 38: 489–495, 2006
Interictal myoclonus with paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia
Authors: Cochen De Cock Valerie , Bourdain Frederic , Apartis Emmanuelle , Trocello Jean Marc , Roze Emmanuel , Vidailhet Marie 
Published: June 2006

AbstractWe report a new association between interictal myoclonus and paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia (PKD) in 2 patients. By definition, PKD is transient, but the overexcitability of the neuronal system that induces these attacks may be permanent. Interictal myoclonus could be a manifestation of permanent overexcitability. © 2006 Movement Disorder Society
Prognosis of Parkinson's disease: Time to stage III, IV, V, and to motor fluctuations
Authors: Sato Kenichi , Hatano Taku , Yamashiro Kazuo , Kagohashi Maki , Nishioka Kenya , Izawa Nana , Mochizuki Hideki , Hattori Nobutaka , Mori Hideo , Mizuno Yoshikuni 
Published: June 2006

AbstractWe report a long‐term outcome on a large cohort of Japanese patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). A total of 1,768 (793 men, 975 women) consecutive patients visited our clinic from 1 January 1989 to 31 December 2002. Among them, 1,183 patients (531 men, 652 women) came to our clinic within 5 years from the onset of disease and at the Hoehn & Yahr Stage III or less at the first visit. Long‐term outcome was evaluated in this subcohort of the patients. We examined the duration to reach Stage III, IV, and V, and the duration to develop wearing off and dyskinesia. Time to reach Stage III was slightly but significantly shorter in women, in that 23.8% of men and 35.3% of women reached Stage III by the end of the 5th year; 49.7% of men and 63.3% of women reached Stage III by the end of the 10th year, and 88.9% of men and 79.9% of women by the end of the 15th year (P < 0.001). Also, durations to develop wearing off and dyskinesia were shorter in women compared to men. These data suggest that the disease progression may be slightly faster for women. Young‐onset patients showed significantly longer duration to reach Stage III, IV, and V but shorter duration to develop wearing off and dyskinesia. Not many studies are available in the literature on the long‐term outcome of PD, and our data would be useful as a reference. © 2006 Movement Disorder Society
Improved multiplicity‐editing of HMBC NMR spectra
Authors: Benie Andrew J. , Sørensen Ole W. 
Published: June 2006

AbstractA new improved multiplicity‐edited HMBC experiment is introduced that leads to better J cross‐talk suppression in the even (i.e. C + CH2 groups) and odd (i.e. CH + CH3 groups) subspectra. By combining data recorded with three different pulse sequences J cross‐talk becomes a second‐order effect in Δ1J, i.e. the deviation of an actual 1J coupling constant from the value 1J0 used in setting delays τ = (1J0)−1/2, which is adequate for most applications. As for the original multiplicity‐edited HMBC experiment, the improved experiment can be performed with a single excitation delay or implemented in a broadband version similar to broadband HMBC. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.