bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing giant sequoia mortality and regeneration following high‐severity wildfire
Authors: Soderberg David N. , Das Adrian J. , Stephenson Nathan L. , Meyer Marc D. , Brigham Christy A. , Flickinger Joshua 
Published: March 2024

AbstractFire is a critical driver of giant sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum [Lindl.] Buchholz) regeneration. However, fire suppression combined with the effects of increased temperature and severe drought has resulted in fires of an intensity and size outside of the historical norm. As a result, recent mega‐fires have killed a significant portion of the world's sequoia population (13%–19%), and uncertainty surrounds whether severely affected groves will be able to recover naturally, potentially leading to a loss of grove area. To assess the likelihood of natural recovery, we collected spatially explicit data assessing mortality, crown condition, and regeneration within four giant sequoia groves that were severely impacted by the SQF‐ (2020) and KNP‐Complex (2021) wildfires within Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks. In total, we surveyed 5.9 ha for seedlings and assessed the crown condition of 1104 giant sequoias. To inform management, we used a statistical methodology that robustly quantifies the uncertainty in inherently “noisy” seedling data and takes advantage of readily available remote sensing metrics that would make our findings applicable to other recently burned groves. A loss of giant sequoia grove area would be a consequence of giant sequoia tree mortality followed by a failure of natural regeneration. We found that areas that experienced very high‐severity fire (above ~800 RdNBR) are at substantial risk for the loss of grove area, with tree mortality rapidly increasing and giant sequoia seedling density simultaneously decreasing with fire severity. Such high‐severity areas comprised 17.8, 142.0, 14.6, 1.6 ha and ~90%, ~14%, ~53%, and ~27% of Board Camp, Redwood Mountain, Suwanee, and New Oriole Lake groves, respectively. In all sampling areas, we found that seedling densities fell far below the average density measured after prescribed fires, where seedling numbers were almost certainly adequate to maintain giant sequoia populations and postfire conditions were more in keeping with historical norms. Importantly, spatial pattern is also important in assessing the risk of grove loss, and in two groves, Suwanee and New Oriole Lake, the high‐severity patches were not always contiguous, potentially making some areas more resilient to regeneration failure due to the proximity of surviving trees.
Monitoring long‐term vegetation dynamics over the Yangtze River Basin, China, using multi‐temporal remote sensing data
Authors: Fu Jing , Liu Jianxiong , Qin Jianxin , Yang Liguo , Zhang Zhongbo , Deng Yunyuan , Hu Yong , Su Baoling 
Published: March 2024

AbstractVegetation plays a crucial role in nature, with intricate interactions between it and the geographical environment. The Yangtze River Basin (YRB) refers to the third largest river basin globally and an essential ecological security barrier in China. Monitoring vegetation dynamics in the basin is of profound significance for addressing climate change, soil erosion, and biodiversity loss in the basin's ecosystems. Here, we investigate the spatiotemporal variations of vegetation at both the basin and land cover scales in the YRB from 2000 to 2020. We elucidate the determinants driving the changes and explore future normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) trends. The results indicate that NDVI in the YRB increased at a rate of 0.0032 year−1 (p < 0.01) over the past 21 years, and it is anticipated to maintain an upward trend in the future. Regions in the upper and middle reaches of the YRB demonstrated higher NDVI, whereas regions in the headwater area and the lower reaches showed lower NDVI. Significant vegetation improvement was primarily concentrated in the central part of the basin, while noticeable vegetation degradation was observed in the eastern region. Temperature and wind speed were identified as the primary controlling factors affecting vegetation greenness. Global‐scale climate oscillations played a significant role in driving periodic variations in NDVI, with La Niña events tending to increase NDVI, while El Niño events hindered its rise. Land cover types were influenced by long‐term interactions between natural factors and human activities, although short‐term vegetation variations might be more affected by the latter. Our findings provide valuable insights into the mechanisms behind vegetation variability driven by multiple variables, and the strong vegetation carbon sink capacity advances the conservation and development of ecosystems.
Mechanochemical Assembly of a Nitrile‐Based Directing Group in Arylacetic Acids Using the Passerini 3‐CR: Exploration of the Pd(II)‐Catalyzed meta‐C(sp2)−H Bond Olefination Process
Authors: García‐Uribe Juvenal , Martínez‐Flores Sebastián , Martínez‐Barrita Valeri , Polindara‐García Luis A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe multicomponent assembly of a nitrile‐based directing group in a set of arylacetic acids under solvent‐free mechanochemical conditions using the Passerini 3‐CR and the subsequent Pd(II)‐mediated meta‐C(sp2)−H bond olefination process has been achieved. The protocol demonstrated that removing the DG under mild conditions from the activated Passerini adducts affords a novel N‐(tert‐butyl)‐2‐(2‐cyanophenyl)‐2‐hydroxyacetamide, which can be re‐utilized in the future as DG in other distal activation processes.
Selective Synthesis of Functionalized 3(2H)‐Furanones via Tandem Michael Addition/Rearrangement/Cyclization Reaction of Aliphatic Alkynones: A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study
Authors: Karnakova Sofia O. , Kuzmin Anton V. , Ushakov Igor' A. , Shabalin Dmitrii A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA novel catalyst‐ and solvent‐controlled dimerization of aliphatic alkynones through tandem Michael addition/rearrangement/cyclization sequence has been developed. The elaborated protocol provides a convenient chemo‐, regio‐ and stereoselective access to rare 3(2H)‐furanones decorated with 2‐exo‐methylene and 4‐ethenyl functionalities. A comprehensive density functional theory (DFT) study of possible reaction mechanism including ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations and quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) analysis of various substrate/catalyst/solvent complexes has revealed the Janus‐like behavior of the employed sodium tert‐butoxide/toluene system that is responsible both for the chemoselectivity of the initial addition step and the inhibition of the final cyclization step.
Impact on battery performance with hybrid energy storage: An investigation of rate limiter application
Authors: Soni Yuvraj Praveen , Fernandez Eugene 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntegrating hybrid energy storage system (HESS) consisting of battery and supercapacitor provides balance over the power generation and load demand, ensuring the system's stability under transient conditions. Along with battery storage, to control its rate of charging/discharging a rate limiter (RTL) is usually employed. However, the impact of the RTL on battery storage efficiency and system performance has not been explored in the existing literature. This paper investigates the performance of a grid‐tied photovoltaic (PV) system with HESS under dynamic scenarios with different RTL values applied to the battery storage. The paper explores the simulation analysis considering transient, linear, and steady‐state conditions with varying PV generation and load demand. The simulation study shows that a lower RTL value may slow down the battery response, leading to inefficient utilization of battery storage. Alternatively, a very high RTL value will not appropriately regulate the battery current, which may lead to frequent charging and discharging and deterioration of battery life. For the proposed system, RTL with a value of 100 A/s seems appropriate, providing 1.29 Wh of energy through battery storage with an energy efficiency of 91.81% for the simulated time. The DC voltage is efficiently maintained at 400 V with a ripple factor of 0.45%.
Edible bird's nest improves the premature ovarian failure induced by tripterygium glycosides
Authors: Jiang Lin , Liu Xuncai , Deng Fenghong , Wang Yaxin , Fan Qunyan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPremature ovarian failure (POF) is a common disease in the field of gynecological endocrinology that seriously affects the physical and mental health of patients. Previous studies found that edible bird's nest (EBN) could improve uterine function. These suggested that EBN might also have an ameliorating effect on POF. Therefore, in this study, tripterygium glycosides (TGs) were used to induce POF in rats, and the effect of EBN on the improvement of POF was investigated. After the administration of EBN for 14 days, ovarian index and uterine index, serum hormone levels, apoptosis rate of ovarian granulosa cells, follicle‐stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) protein expression level, and the histopathological examination of the ovaries were determined. It was found that administration of medium and high EBN dose groups increased the ovarian index and granular layer thickness of rats with POF. Particularly, higher follicle‐stimulating hormone levels and lower corpus luteum content were observed in the high EBN dose group. In addition, there were lower luteinizing hormone levels and fewer atretic follicles but higher progesterone levels in the medium EBN dose group. These results indicated that EBN had preventive and curative effects on POF induced by TGs. Its mechanism of action might be related to the reduction of ovarian granulosa cell apoptosis, regulation of hormones and receptors, and inhibition of follicle closure.
Spindle cell neoplasms with novel LTK fusion – Expanding the spectrum of kinase fusion‐positive soft tissue tumors
Authors: Yeung Maximus C. F. , Dermawan Josephine K. , Liu Anthony P. Y. , Lam Albert Y. L. , Antonescu Cristina R. , Shek Tony W. H. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimsKinase fusion‐positive soft tissue tumors represent an emerging, molecularly defined group of mesenchymal tumors with a wide morphologic spectrum and diverse activating kinases. Here, we present two cases of soft tissue tumors with novel LTK fusions.Methods and ResultsBoth cases presented as acral skin nodules (big toe and middle finger) in pediatric patients (17‐year‐old girl and 2‐year‐old boy). The tumors measured 2 and 3 cm in greatest dimension. Histologically, both cases exhibited bland‐looking spindle cells infiltrating adipose tissue and accompanied by collagenous stroma. One case additionally displayed perivascular hyalinization and band‐like stromal collagen. Both cases exhibited focal S100 staining, and one case had patchy coexpression of CD34. Targeted RNA‐seq revealed the presence of novel in‐frame MYH9::LTK and MYH10::LTK fusions, resulting in upregulation of LTK expression. Of interest, DNA methylation‐based unsupervised clustering analysis in one case showed that the tumor clustered with dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP). One tumor was excised with amputation with no local recurrence or distant metastasis at 18‐month follow‐up. The other case was initially marginally excised with local recurrence after one year, followed by wide local excision, with no evidence of disease at 10 years of follow‐up.ConclusionsThis is the first reported case series of soft tissue tumors harboring LTK fusion, expanding the molecular landscape of soft tissue tumors driven by activating kinase fusions. Furthermore, studies involving a larger number of cases and integrated genomic analyses will be warranted to fully elucidate the pathogenesis and classification of these tumors.
From education to practice—2024 update: An opinion paper of the Drug Information Practice and Research Network of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy
Authors: Johnson Steven Theodore , Goldwire Micheline Andel , Abdalla Maha , Al‐Shehre Wafa H. , Bernknopf Allison , Colella Angela , Denton Christie , Douglas Janine S. , Gosser Rena , Heindel Gregory , Holsopple Megan , Ipema Heather , Kier Karen , Kostrzewa Audrey , Majerczyk Dan , May Dianne , May J. Russell , Mersek Sarah Turley , Munir Faria , Saad Maha , Sommer Christine D. , Thornby Krisy‐Ann , Ward Kristina E. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDrug information specialists (DIS) bring unique, specialized expertise and provide services in diverse settings including health systems, academia, pharmaceutical industry, compendia, medical writing, and other areas. With widespread access to drug information (DI) resources through user‐friendly, online platforms, the role of DIS has shifted. Core skill sets once confined to DIS are now distributed across various non‐DIS clinical specialties. DIS have transformed the application of their specialized skill set and adapted it to a variety of traditional and nontraditional areas, providing and applying advanced expertise to solve a variety of contemporary challenges. The training of students and residents has evolved to include evidence‐based practical contemporary methods that promote critical thinking and reasoning. Effective DI evaluation and communication necessitates customizing content for stakeholders to ensure understanding and contribute to optimal patient care, all while addressing misinformation and disinformation. The future of DI as a specialty is bright, with ever‐increasing recognition of the importance of DI skills in non‐DIS practitioners. DIS will likely continue to guide best practices in the education/training of new practitioners and continue to provide advanced services and formulary analytics. This update to our 2009 DI PRN Opinion paper will focus on: (1) DI education and training needed for all students, residents, and pharmacists; (2) career opportunities, roles, and responsibilities specifically tailored for DIS in health systems, managed care organizations, academia, pharmaceutical/biotechnology industry, and medical writing services; and (3) the future direction of DI, including the potential impact of artificial intelligence.
Modeling solvent effects and convergence of 31P‐NMR shielding calculations with COBRAMM
Authors: Calcagno Francesco , Maryasin Boris , Garavelli Marco , Avagliano Davide , Rivalta Ivan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSolvent effects on 31P‐NMR parameters for triphenylphosphine oxide and triphenylphosphine in chloroform have been extensively investigated by testing different solvation models. The solvent is described implicitly, mixed implicitly/explicitly, and using full explicit models. Polarizable continuum model (PCM), molecular dynamic (MD) simulations, and hybrid quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) calculations are used to disclose the effects of solute/solvent interactions and, more generally, the role of the embedding in NMR simulations. The results show the beneficial effect of carrying out QM/MM optimizations on top of geometries directly extracted from classical MD simulations, used to ensure representative conformational sampling. The nuclear shielding convergence has been tested against a different number of snapshots and with the inclusion of solvent shells into the QM region. An automated MD//QM/MM//GIAO protocol, implemented in the COBRAMM package, is here proposed and tested on trimethyl phosphite showing that our approach boosts the convergence of nuclear shielding satisfactorily. The present work aims to be a stepping‐stone to assess proper QM/MM computational strategies in simulating chemical shifts in non‐homogeneous systems like supramolecular and biological systems.
A systematic review with meta‐analysis: Efficacy and safety of potassium‐competitive acid blocker compared with proton pump inhibitor in the maintenance of healed erosive esophagitis
Authors: Simadibrata Daniel M , Lesmana Elvira , Pratama Muhammad I A , Sugiharta Adrianus J , Winarizal Afiah S , Lee Yeong Y , Syam Ari F 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntroductionProton pump inhibitor (PPI) is the mainstay therapy for the maintenance of healed erosive esophagitis (EE). It is unknown whether potassium‐competitive acid blockers (PCABs) are more efficacious and safer than PPIs.MethodsOnly randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing PCABs to PPIs in the maintenance of healing rates of endoscopically proven healed EE and indexed in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CENTRAL until 3 February 2024, were included. A fixed‐effects model meta‐analysis was performed to pool primary efficacy outcome (maintenance of healing rates at week 24) and safety data (any treatment‐emergent adverse event or TEAE). The risk of bias was assessed using Cochrane's Risk of Bias 2 (RoB2) tool.ResultsFour RCTs with a total of 2554 patients were eligible for inclusion. All trials were of low risk of bias. Compared to lansoprazole 15 mg, the maintenance rates of healed EE at week 24 were significantly higher with vonoprazan 10 mg (RR 1.13; 95% CI 1.07–1.19) and vonoprazan 20 mg (RR 1.15; 95% CI 1.10–1.21). Likewise, compared to lansoprazole 15 mg, any TEAEs were significantly greater with vonoprazan 20 mg (RR 1.10; 95% CI 1.01–1.20) but not vonoprazan 10 mg.ConclusionVonoprazan 10 and 20 mg were superior to lansoprazole 15 mg in the maintenance of the healing of EE. Any TEAEs were greater with vonoprazan 20 mg.
TRIM6 facilitates SARS‐CoV‐2 proliferation by catalyzing the K29‐typed ubiquitination of NP to enhance the ability to bind viral genomes
Authors: Zhou Jian , Zhou Yuzheng , Wei Xia‐Fei , Fan Lujie , Gao Xiang , Li Yunfei , Wu Yezi , Feng Wei , Shen XiaoTong , Liu Lei , Xu Gang , Zhang Zheng 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe Nucleocapsid Protein (NP) of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) is not only the core structural protein required for viral packaging, but also participates in the regulation of viral replication, and its post‐translational modifications such as phosphorylation have been shown to be an important strategy for regulating virus proliferation. Our previous work identified NP could be ubiquitinated, as confirmed by two independent studies. But the function of NP ubiquitination is currently unknown. In this study, we first pinpointed TRIM6 as the E3 ubiquitin ligase responsible for NP ubiquitination, binding to NP's CTD via its RING and B‐box‐CCD domains. TRIM6 promotes the K29‐typed polyubiquitination of NP at K102, K347, and K361 residues, increasing its binding to viral genomic RNA. Consistently, functional experiments such as the use of the reverse genetic tool trVLP model and gene knockout of TRIM6 further confirmed that blocking the ubiquitination of NP by TRIM6 significantly inhibited the proliferation of SARS‐CoV‐2. Notably, the NP of coronavirus is relatively conserved, and the NP of SARS‐CoV can also be ubiquitinated by TRIM6, indicating that NP could be a broad‐spectrum anti‐coronavirus target. These findings shed light on the intricate interaction between SARS‐CoV‐2 and the host, potentially opening new opportunities for COVID‐19 therapeutic development.
Meal related symptoms in youth with chronic abdominal pain: Relationship to anxiety, depression, and sleep dysfunction
Authors: Benegal Achintya , Friesen Hunter , Schurman Jennifer , Colombo Jennifer , Friesen Craig 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of the current study was to describe meal‐related symptoms in youth with chronic abdominal pain fulfilling criteria for a disorder of gut‐brain interaction (DGBI) and their associations with anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbances.MethodsThis was a retrospective evaluation of 226 consecutive patients diagnosed with an abdominal pain‐associated DGBI. As part of routine care, all had completed a standardized symptom history, the Sleep Disturbances Scale for Children (utilized to assess for disorders of initiation and maintenance of sleep and excessive daytime somnolence) and the Behavior Assessment System for Children‐Third Edition (utilized to assess for anxiety and depression). Four meal related symptoms were assessed: early satiety, postprandial bloating, postprandial abdominal pain, and postprandial nausea.ResultsOverall, 87.6% of patients reported at least one meal related symptom and the majority reported at least three symptoms. All meal related symptoms were significantly related to each other. Postprandial pain and nausea were more often reported by females. Early satiety, postprandial bloating, and postprandial nausea, but not postprandial pain demonstrated significant though variable associations with anxiety, depression, disorders of initiation and maintenance of sleep, and disorders of excessive somnolence, but only in adolescents.ConclusionsMeal related symptoms are very common in youth with abdominal pain‐associated DGBIs. Early satiety, bloating, and postprandial nausea demonstrate variable associations with anxiety, depression, and disordered sleep while increased postprandial pain was not associated with psychologic or sleep dysfunction, suggesting a different pathway for symptom generation.
Pediatric retrograde cricopharyngeal dysfunction diagnosed by high‐resolution impedance manometry
Authors: Dorfman Lev , El‐Chammas Khalil , Mansi Sherief , Graham Kahleb , Kaul Ajay 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectivesThe inability to burp, known as retrograde cricopharyngeal dysfunction (R‐CPD), was initially described in adults. The proposed clinical diagnostic criteria for R‐CPD include belching inability, abdominal bloating and discomfort/nausea, postprandial chest pain, and involuntary noises. Botulinum toxin injection to the cricopharyngeal muscle has been reported to be beneficial. High‐resolution esophageal impedance‐manometry (HRIM) features in adolescent patients with R‐CPD have not been described yet. The aim of our study was to describe the clinical and HRIM findings of pediatric patients with R‐CPD.MethodsClinical and manometric features of five pediatric patients diagnosed with R‐CPD were reviewed. HRIM study protocol was modified to include the consumption of carbonated drink to provoke symptoms and distinctive manometric features.ResultsWe report five female patients aged 15–20 years who presented with an inability to burp and involuntary throat sounds. HRIM revealed normal upper esophageal sphincter (UES) relaxation during swallowing, but abnormal UES relaxation with concurrent high esophageal impedance reflecting air entrapment and secondary peristalsis following the carbonated drink challenge. Four patients exhibited esophageal motility disorder. All patients reported improvement or resolution of symptoms after botulinum toxin injection to the cricopharyngeus muscle.ConclusionsAdolescents with an inability to burp, reflux‐like symptoms, bloating, and involuntary throat noises should be assessed for R‐CPD by pediatric gastroenterologists with HRIM. The relatively recent recognition of this novel condition is the likely reason for its under‐ and misdiagnosis in children.