bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sexual dysfunction among Nigerian women living with HIV infection
Authors: Ezechi Oliver Chukwujekwu , Akinsolu Folahanmi Tomiwa , Gbajabiamila Tititola Abike , Idigbe Ifeoma Eugenia , Ezeobi Paschal Mbanefo , Musa Adesola Zadiat , Wapmuk Agatha Eileen 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionSexual dysfunction in women with HIV is a necessary but understudied aspect of HIV complications in women living with HIV. This study reports the prevalence, pattern, and risk factors for sexual dysfunction in women living with HIV in southwest Nigeria.MethodsA validated Female Sexual Function Index was used to determine sexual dysfunction in a cross-sectional study design involving 2926 adult women living with HIV in a large, publicly funded tertiary HIV treatment centre in Lagos, Nigeria. A score of less than 26.5 indicated sexual dysfunction. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors for sexual dysfunction. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant at a 95% confidence interval (CI).ResultsThe prevalence of sexual dysfunction was 71.4%. The types of dysfunctions detected included disorder of desire (76.8%), sexual arousal (66.0%), orgasm (50.0%), pain (47.2%), lubrication (47.2%), and satisfaction (38.8%). Multivariate analysis showed that menopause (aOR: 2.0; 1.4–4.1), PHQ score of 10 and above (aOR: 2.3; 1.7–3.2), co-morbid medical conditions (aOR: 1.8; 1.4–2.7), use of protease inhibitor-based antiretroviral therapy (aOR: 1.3; 1.2–2.1) and non-disclosure of HIV status (aOR: 0.7; 0.6–0.8) were factors associated with sexual dysfunction.ConclusionsSexual dysfunction is common among Nigerian women living with HIV. Menopause, use of protease inhibitor-based regimens, PHQ score of at least 10, co-morbid medical condition, and non-disclosure of HIV status were associated with sexual dysfunction. National HIV programmes, in addition to incorporating screening and management of sexual dysfunction in the guidelines, should sensitise and train health workers on the detection and treatment of sexual dysfunction.
Impact of APOE-ε alleles on brain structure and cognitive function in healthy older adults: A VBM and DTI replication study
Authors: Lacey Colleen , Paterson Theone , Gawryluk Jodie R. ,   for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: April 2024

Background
The Apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene has been established in the Alzheimer’s disease (AD) literature to impact brain structure and function and may also show congruent effects in healthy older adults, although findings in this population are much less consistent. The current study aimed to replicate and expand the multimodal approach employed by Honea et al. Structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and neuropsychological measures were used to investigate the impact of APOE-ε status on grey matter structure, white matter integrity, and cognitive functioning.

Methods
Data were obtained from the Alzheimer’s Disease Initiative Phase 3 (ADNI3) database. Baseline MRI, DTI and cognitive composite scores for memory (ADNI-Mem) and executive function (ADNI-EF) were acquired from 116 healthy controls. Participants were grouped according to APOE allele presence (APOE-ε2+ N = 17, APOE-ε3ε3 N = 64, APOE-ε4+ N = 35). Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) were used to compare grey matter volume (GMV) and white matter integrity, respectively, between APOE-ε2+ and APOE-ε3ε3 controls, and again between APOE-ε4+ and APOE-ε3ε3 controls. Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was used to examine the effects of APOE polymorphism on memory and EF across all APOE groups with age, sex and education as regressors of no interest. Cognitive scores were correlated (Pearson r) with imaging metrics within groups.

Results
No significant differences were seen across groups, within groups in MRI metrics, or cognitive performance (p>0.05, corrected for multiple comparisons).

Conclusions
The current study partially replicated and extended previous findings from an earlier multimodal study (Honea 2009). Future studies should clarify APOE mechanisms in healthy ageing by adding other imaging, cognitive, and lifestyle metrics and longitudinal design in larger sample sizes.
Pain experiences of marginalized children in the emergency department: A scoping review protocol
Authors: Kammerer Elise , Elliott Sarah A. , Hartling Lisa , Basi Calveen , Dennett Liz , Khangura Jaspreet K. , Scott Shannon D. , Candelaria Patricia , Ruzycki Shannon , Ali Samina 
Published: April 2024

Introduction
Pain affects all children, and in hospitals across North America, this pain is often undertreated. Children who visit the emergency department (ED) experience similar undertreatment, and they will often experience a painful procedure as part of their diagnostic journey. Further, children and their caregivers who experience social injustices through marginalization are more likely to experience healthcare disparities in their pain management. Still, most of our knowledge about children’s pain management comes from research focused on well-educated, white children and caregivers from a middle- or upper-class background. The aim of this scoping review is to identify, map, and describe existing research on (a) how aspects of marginalization are documented in randomized controlled trials related to children’s pain and (b) to understand the pain treatment and experiences of marginalized children and their caregivers in the ED setting.

Methods and analysis
The review will follow Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for scoping reviews using the Participant, Concept, Context (PCC) framework and key terms related to children, youth, pain, ED, and aspects of marginalization. We will search Medline, Embase, PsychInfo, CINAHL, Web of Science, Cochrane Library Trials, iPortal, and Native Health Database for articles published in the last 10 years to identify records that meet our inclusion criteria. We will screen articles in a two-step process using two reviewers during the abstract and full-text screening stages. Data will be extracted using Covidence for data management and we will use a narrative approach to synthesize the data.

Ethics and dissemination
Ethical approval is not required for this review. Findings will be disseminated in academic manuscripts, at academic conferences, and with partners and knowledge users including funders of pain research and healthcare professionals. Results of this scoping review will inform subsequent quantitative and qualitative studies regarding pain experiences and treatment of marginalized children in the ED.
Comorbidities affecting re-admission and survival in COVID-19: Application of joint frailty model
Authors: Yazdani Akram , Mozaffarpur Seyyed Ali , Ebrahimi Pouyan , Shirafkan Hoda , Mehdinejad Hamed 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundOne of the common concerns of healthcare systems is the potential for re-admission of COVID-19 patients. In addition to adding costs to the healthcare system, re-admissions also endanger patient safety. Recognizing the factors that influence re-admission, can help provide appropriate and optimal health care. The aim of this study was to assess comorbidities that affect re-admission and survival in COVID-19 patients using a joint frailty model.MethodsThis historical cohort study was done using data of patients with COVID-19 who were re-hospitalized more than twice in a referral hospital in North of Iran. We used the joint frailty model to investigate prognostic factors of survival and recurrence, simultaneously using R version 3.5.1 (library “frailtypack”). P-values less than 0.05 were considered as statistically significant.ResultsA total of 112 patients with mean (SD) age of 63.76 (14.58) years old were recruited into the study. Forty-eight (42.9%) patients died in which 53.83% of them were re-admitted for a second time. Using adjusted joint model, the hazard of re-admission increased with cancer (Hazard ratio (HR) = 1.92) and hyperlipidemia (HR = 1.22). Furthermore, the hazard of death increased with hyperlipidemia (HR = 4.05) followed by age (HR = 1.76) and cancer (HR = 1.64). It Also decreased with lung disease (HR = 0.11), hypothyroidism (HR = 0.32), and hypertension (HR = 0.97).ConclusionConsidering the correlation between re-admission and mortality in the joint frailty model, malignancy and hyperlipidemia increased the risk of both re-admission and mortality. Moreover, lung disease probably due to the use of corticosteroids, was a protective factor against both mortality and re-admission.
Assessment of confidence in medical writing: Development and validation of the first trustworthy measurement tool
Authors: Astaneh Behrooz , Raeisi Shahraki Hadi , Astaneh Vala , Guyatt Gordon 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundThe popularity of medical writing workshops highlights the need for a standard measurement tool to assess the impact of such workshops on participants’ confidence in: 1- writing a standard article and 2- using optimal English language. Because such an instrument is not yet available, we undertook this study to devise and evaluate the first measurement tool to assess such confidence.MethodWe created an item pool of 50 items by searching Medline, Embase, and Clarivate Analytics to find related articles, using our prior experience, and approaching the key informants. We revised and edited the item pool, and redundant ones were excluded. Finally, the 36-item tool comprised two domains. We tested it in a group of workshop applicants for internal consistency and temporal reliability using Cronbach’s α and Pearson correlations and for content and convergent validity using the content validity index and Pearson correlations.ResultsThe participants had a mean age of 40.3 years, a female predominance (74.3%), and a majority of faculty members (51.4%). The internal consistency showed high reliability (> 0.95). Test-retest reliability showed very high correlations (r = 0.93). The CVI for domain 1 was 0.78, for domain 2 was 0.73, and for the entire instrument was 0.75.ConclusionThis unique, reliable, and valid measurement tool could accurately measure the level of confidence in writing a standard medical article and in using the appropriate English language for this purpose.
(Im)possibility of ethical encounters in places of separation: aesthetics as a quiet applied linguistics praxis
Authors: Kubanyiova Magdalena 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
What is the possibility of ethical encounters in places that are historically, spatially, and morally configured to avoid them? And what can applied linguistics do to create such a possibility? This study is located in a rural community in eastern Slovakia with a history of separation between Slovak and Roma ethnic groups and the systemic spatial, economic and linguistic marginalisation of the latter. This paper draws on relational ethics to foreground the perceiving subject’s ethical responsibility. I take up the scholarship on semiotic repertoires and exploit their performative power to affect the perceiving subject. Advocating for aesthetics as an applied linguistics research praxis, this article both documents and invites a sensory entanglement with others through a series of aesthetic invitations. I see such an embodied engagement as a way for applied linguistics to stage the ground for ethical encounters, even if never guarantee an outcome. I discuss what this research pathway might mean for doing applied linguistics research in social and educational settings with entrenched narratives about the other and how quiet applied linguistics – one which privileges sensory attending and epistemological indeterminacy – might be a form of activism that disturbs the realm of the impossible.
Embracing diversity: enhancing the management of South Africa’s kelp forests in an era of change
Authors: Mehta Akshata , Wynberg Rachel , Smit Albertus J. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In an era of climate change, South Africa’s kelp forests offer important opportunities for sustainable resource utilization. However, these opportunities also bring risks of over-exploitation. The mismanagement of kelp forests through monistic and exclusionary strategies must therefore be avoided. Emphasizing the value of plural knowledges and cultural norms associated with kelp, here we advocate for inclusive and integrated marine resource management to ensure the resilience of South Africa’s kelp forests and the well-being of coastal communities that depend on them.
Salivary fatty acids in humans: a comprehensive literature review
Authors: Abodi Martina , Mazzocchi Alessandra , Risé Patrizia , Marangoni Franca , Agostoni Carlo , Milani Gregorio Paolo 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Fatty acids (FAs) exert diverse biological functions in humans, influencing physiological responses and, ultimately, health and disease risk. The analysis of FAs in human samples has significant implications and attracts interest in diagnostics and research. The standard method for assessing FA profiles involves the collection of blood samples, which can be inconvenient, invasive, and potentially painful, particularly for young individuals outside hospital settings. Saliva emerged as a promising alternative for evaluating FA profiles in both clinical and research settings. However, to the best of our knowledge, an updated synthesis of the related evidence is unavailable. This comprehensive review aims to summarize data on FA analysis and highlight the potential of the use of salivary FAs as a biomarker in health and disease. Over the past decade, there has been a growing interest in studying salivary FAs in chronic diseases, and more recently, researchers have explored the prognostic value of FAs in acute conditions to check the availability of a non-invasive sampling methodology. A deeper understanding of salivary FAs could have relevant implications both for healthy individuals and patients, particularly in elucidating the correlation between the dietary lipidic content and salivary FA level, Finally, it is crucial to address the standardization of the methods as the sampling, processing, and analysis of saliva are heterogeneous among studies, and limited correlation between blood FAs and salivary FAs is available.
Geodesics and magnetic curves in the 4-dim almost Kähler model space F4
Authors: Erjavec Zlatko , Inoguchi Jun-ichi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We study geodesics and magnetic trajectories in the model space

F

4

{{\rm{F}}}^{4}

. The space

F

4

{{\rm{F}}}^{4}

is isometric to the 4-dim simply connected Riemannian 3-symmetric space due to Kowalski. We describe the solvable Lie group model of

F

4

{{\rm{F}}}^{4}

and investigate its curvature properties. We introduce the symplectic pair of two Kähler forms on

F

4

{{\rm{F}}}^{4}

. Those symplectic forms induce invariant Kähler structure and invariant strictly almost Kähler structure on

F

4

{{\rm{F}}}^{4}

. We explore some typical submanifolds of

F

4

{{\rm{F}}}^{4}

. Next, we explore the general properties of magnetic trajectories in an almost Kähler 4-manifold and characterize Kähler magnetic curves with respect to the symplectic pair of Kähler forms. Finally, we study homogeneous geodesics and homogeneous magnetic curves in

F

4

{{\rm{F}}}^{4}

.
Influence of the injection velocity profile on the properties of injection moulded parts
Authors: Hopmann Christian , Köbel Thilo 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
An important machine setting parameter of the injection moulding process is the injection velocity, which influences the local process parameters in the mould cavity and as a result the final part properties. In order to avoid surface defects by too low or too high melt front velocities along the flow path, profiling of the injection velocity can be necessary. Therefore, in previous work, a methodical approach has been developed, which calculates an injection velocity profile that can be set directly at the injection moulding machine, in order to gain a constant melt front velocity along the flow path. Using the existing approach, two different part geometries are injection moulded with an injection velocity profile from two different materials. The resulting microscopic and macroscopic part properties are evaluated and compared with the samples produced at a constant injection velocity. By keeping the melt front velocity constant, the surface quality can be specifically influenced, while other properties are hardly affected by profiling the injection velocity.
Establishment and refinement of a DEN-induced hepatocellular carcinoma model in rats
Authors: Peng Chunxiu , Ye Zhijian , Na Jintong , Liu Xiyu , Zhang Zhiyong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world with complex etiology, high tumor heterogeneity, and low efficacy of treatment. The establishment of an animal model that is close to the clinical situation of hepatocellular carcinoma and can be successfully modeled many times is of great significance to the study of the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Methods
We used Diethylnitrosamine (DEN) to induce hepatocellular carcinoma in rodents and compared four models of DEN-induced hepatocellular carcinoma. Group C (Control): rats were fed a standard laboratory rat diet and freely drank normal water. Group P (Peritoneal injection): rats were administered an IP injection (50 mg/kg/week) between 5 and 23 weeks after birth. Ten microliter of DEN solution would be injected per g of rat. Group O (DEN-Fed group): rats were allowed unrestricted access to water contaminated with 0.01 % DEN between the ages of 7 and 15 weeks. 0.2 mL of DEN drinking water was consumed per gram of rat. Group P+O (Combined peritoneal injection and Oral feeding): rats were administered an IP injection (50 mg/kg) at weeks 3 and 5 post-birth, and they freely drank water contaminated with 0.012 % DEN between weeks 7 and 14 post-birth. We used an ultrasound scan, biochemical testing, haematoxylin, and eosin staining, Masson staining, Wolf scarlet staining, Ki67, CD34, a-SMA, CD8, and CD68 staining to compare between groups.

Results
Liver dissection and ultrasound scan showed that compared to other groups, the liver of Group P+O was darker in color, with more grey-white cancer nodules and larger localized tumors, and the structure of the tumors was slightly disorganized, with the elastography hardness of the middle lobe and the right lobe was slightly increased. The alanine aminotransferase and total bilirubin of Group P+O were higher than those of Group O but lower than those of Group P. Haematoxylin and eosin staining showed that the tumors of Group P+O were large, with large tumor cords and pseudo-glandular, the degree of differentiation was medium and surrounded by more fatty lesions.

Conclusions
We conclude that combined DEN treatment is more effective, stable, and has the advantage of multiple modalities, leading to faster tumor formation.
Motorcycles, minarets, and mullahs: a multimodal critical discourse analysis on Pakistan’s journey to rebrand Islam
Authors: Salam-Salmaoui Rauha , Salam Shazrah , Hassan Shajee 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This study addresses the issue of how religious authority is negotiated and redefined in the age of digital media, focusing on the case of Raja Zia ul Haq, a Pakistani Muslim cleric. Utilizing Multimodal Critical Discourse Analysis, the study posits that Zia ul Haq’s strategic semiotic choices in attire and symbolism serve as calculated maneuvers to navigate complex dialogues of power, identity, and cultural capital. The findings reveal that his appropriation of biker club symbolism disrupts traditional paradigms of Islamic clerical authority in Pakistan. These choices resonate with a younger, digitally savvy audience and function as a form of religious rebranding. The study argues that Zia ul Haq’s semiotic choices challenge monolithic interpretations of Islamic authority, thereby opening new avenues for religious engagement and interpretation. The significance of this work lies in its transnational implications, offering a counter-narrative that challenges prevailing stereotypes about Islamic scholars and suggests new paradigms for understanding religious authority in a globalized world.
Vitamin D Levels and Incidence of Preterm Labor
Authors: Aziz Muhammad Alamsyah , Syahbana Chandra Garnida , Effendi Jusuf Sulaeman , Purwara Benny Hasan , Madjid Tita Husnitawati , Susiarno Hadi 
Published: April 2024

One pathophysiology of preterm delivery is maternal or fetal hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activation. The HPA axis can be affected by vitamin D, which increases uterine contractions and affects the body’s immune mechanism against bacterial infections. A lower level of vitamin D in pregnant women is suspected to contribute to the incidence of premature conditions. This study aimed to compare the 25-hydroxy-vitamin D3 concentration in preterm parturient with non-preterm parturient, and the correlation between vitamin D level and the incidence of preterm labor. This comparative analytic study used a cross-sectional approach and involved 46 subjects who were divided into case and control groups. This study was conducted in August–September 2017 at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia. The Electro-chemiluminescence Immunoassay (ECLIA) method was used to examine the serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin D3 concentration in case and control groups, demonstrating that 25-hydroxy-vitamin D3 concentration in case group (17.26 ng/mL) was significantly (p<0.0001) lower than in control group (24.30 ng/mL). The correlation coefficient between the 25-hydroxy-vitamin D3 and the incidence of preterm labor was -0.837 (p<0.001). Thus, there was a correlation between the 25-hydroxy-Vitamin D3 level and the incidence of preterm labor that vitamin D supplementation in pregnant women must be considered.
Associations of Childhood Adiposity and Cardiometabolic Biomarkers With Adolescent PCOS
Authors: Whooten Rachel C. , Rifas-Shiman Sheryl L. , Perng Wei , Chavarro Jorge E. , Taveras Elsie , Oken Emily , Hivert Marie-France 
Published: April 2024

OBJECTIVE
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is common among females, with significant metabolic and reproductive comorbidities. We describe PCOS development in a pediatric population.

METHODS
We assessed cardiometabolic biomarkers and adiposity at the midchildhood (mean 7.9 y), early teen (mean 13.1 y), and midteen (mean 17.8 y) visits among 417 females in the prospective Project Viva cohort. We defined PCOS via self-reported diagnosis or ovulatory dysfunction with hyperandrogenism in midlate adolescence. We used multivariable logistic regression to assess associations of metabolic and adiposity markers at each visit with PCOS.

RESULTS
Adolescents with PCOS (n = 56, 13%) versus without had higher mean (SD) BMI z-score and truncal fat mass at the midchildhood (0.66 [0.99] vs 0.30 [1.04]; 3.5 kg [2.6] vs 2.7 [1.5]), early teen (0.88 [1.01] vs 0.25 [1.08]; 9.4 kg [6.7] vs 6.1 [3.4]), and midteen (0.78 [1.03] vs 0.33 [0.97]; 11.6 kg [7.2] vs 9.1 [4.9]) visits as well as lower adiponectin to leptin ratio at the early (0.65 [0.69] vs 1.04 [0.97]) and midteen (0.33 [0.26] vs 0.75 [1.21]) visits. In models adjusted for maternal PCOS, education and child race and ethnicity (social factors), we found higher odds of PCOS per 1-SD increase in truncal fat at midchildhood (odds ratio [OR] 1.42; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03–1.95) and early teen visits (OR 1.61; 95% CI 1.14–2.28) and lower odds per 1-SD increase in adiponectin/leptin ratio at the midteen visit (OR 0.14; 95% CI 0.03–0.58).

CONCLUSIONS
Childhood excess adiposity and adipose tissue dysfunction may be a first signs of later PCOS risk.