bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Stress and Dietary Natural-Source Vitamin E on Nonspecific Immunocompetence, Tissue Tocopherol Composition, and Postslaughter Fillet Oxidative Stability in Sunshine Bass
Authors: Trushenski Jesse T , Kohler Christopher C 
Published: September 2007

Abstract
We evaluated the effects of stressor exposure and super-requirement levels of RRR-α-tocopheryl acetate (natural-source vitamin E [NSVE]) on production performance and nonspecific immunocompetency of juvenile sunshine bass (female white bass Morone chrysops × male striped bass M. saxatilis). Stressor exposure elicited physiological changes consistent with the generalized stress response, and the magnitude of responses generally mirrored stressor severity. Stressor exposure resulted in lower fillet peroxides and greater aldehydes after short-term frozen storage, whereas increasing dietary NSVE was associated with a nonsignificant reduction in aldehydes after long-term storage. Fillet α-tocopherol content increased linearly with dietary NSVE, exceeding reported tissue levels achieved with synthetic vitamin E (SYNE). Although we observed no significant immunological effects of stress or dietary NSVE content, sampling time and high individual-to-individual variation probably restricted our ability to resolve statistical significance. Similar results of vitamin E supplementation have previously been reported; however, the effective dietary concentrations we observed for NSVE are low in comparison with values reported for SYNE. The potential of RRR-α-tocopheryl acetate as a highly active vitamin E source for aquaculture feeds warrants further evaluation of the relative suitability of NSVE in meeting the demands of optimal aquaculture nutrition.
Living in a Dynamic Environment: Variability in Life History Traits of Age‐0 Splittail in Tributaries of San Francisco Bay
Authors: Feyrer Frederick , Sommer Ted , Hobbs James 
Published: September 2007

AbstractSplittail Pogonichthys macrolepidotus is a relatively large cyprinid endemic to the San Francisco Estuary watershed. During late winter and early spring, splittails migrate from the estuary to upstream rivers and floodplains for spawning. During 2002 and 2003, we examined the diet composition, muscle stable isotope signatures (δ13C and δ15N), and growth rates of age‐0 splittails in the four primary rivers used for spawning. Overall, we found substantial variability in all three traits in spatial and temporal comparisons. Age‐0 splittails consumed a variety of prey taxa, consisting almost exclusively of aquatic invertebrates, larval stages of chironomids or copepods generally being the most common. We found that the δ15N and δ13C signatures of age‐0 splittails significantly varied spatially and temporally (δ15N range = 6.1‐19.6‰; δ13C range = −36.3 to −17.5‰). Environmental conditions, namely flow and how it manipulates habitat connectivity, appeared to affect δ13C. Age‐0 splittails exhibited substantial variability in growth rate both spatially and temporally. However, this variability was not associated with diet composition or stable isotope signatures, suggesting that food availability and physical habitat conditions were important factors affecting growth rates during our study.
Frequency of the G/G Genotype of Resistin Single Nucleotide Polymorphism at −420 Appears to Be Increased in Younger-Onset Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Ochi Masaaki , Osawa Haruhiko , Hirota Yushi , Hara Kazuo , Tabara Yasuharu , Tokuyama Yoshiharu , Shimizu Ikki , Kanatsuka Azuma , Fujii Yasuhisa , Ohashi Jun , Miki Tetsuro , Nakamura Naoto , Kadowaki Takashi , Itakura Mitsuo , Kasuga Masato , Makino Hideichi 
Published: September 2007

OBJECTIVE—Resistin is an adipocyte-secreted cytokine associated with insulin resistance in mice. We previously reported that the G/G genotype of a resistin single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) at −420 increases type 2 diabetes susceptibility by enhancing its promoter activity. The aim of the present study was to determine the relevance of SNP −120 in a large number of subjects.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS— We examined 2,610 type 2 diabetic case and 2,502 control subjects. The relation between SNP −420 and the age of type 2 diabetes onset was further analyzed by adding 237 type 2 diabetic subjects with age of onset ≤40 years.
RESULTS—When analyzed without considering subject age, the SNP −420 genotype was not associated with type 2 diabetes. Since we reported that the onset of type 2 diabetes was earlier in G/G genotype, we analyzed the data using a trend test for age intervals of 10 years. The frequency of G/G genotype differed among age grades in type 2 diabetes (P = 0.037) and appeared to be higher in younger grades. In type 2 diabetes, G/G genotype was more frequent in subjects aged &lt;40 years than in those aged ≥40 years (G/G vs. C/C, P = 0.003). In a total of 2,430 type 2 diabetic subjects with age of onset &lt;60 years, the trend test showed that the G/G genotype had an increasing linear trend as the age grade of type 2 diabetes onset became younger (P = 0.0379). In control subjects, the frequency of C/G genotype showed an increasing linear trend with increasing age (P = 0.010).
CONCLUSIONS—The G/G genotype frequency of resistin SNP −420 appears to be increased in younger-onset type 2 diabetic subjects.
Shared Decision-Making in Cardiovascular Risk Factor Management
Authors: Elias Sabrina , Chen Yuling , Liu Xiaoyue , Slone Sarah , Turkson-Ocran Ruth-Alma , Ogungbe Bunmi , Thomas Sabena , Byiringiro Samuel , Koirala Binu , Asano Reiko , Baptiste Diana-Lyn , Mollenkopf Nicole L. , Nmezi Nwakaego , Commodore-Mensah Yvonne , Himmelfarb Cheryl R. Dennison 
Published: March 2024

ImportanceThe effect of shared decision-making (SDM) and the extent of its use in interventions to improve cardiovascular risk remain unclear.ObjectiveTo assess the extent to which SDM is used in interventions aimed to enhance the management of cardiovascular risk factors and to explore the association of SDM with decisional outcomes, cardiovascular risk factors, and health behaviors.Data SourcesFor this systematic review and meta-analysis, a literature search was conducted in the Medline, CINAHL, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science, Scopus, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases for articles published from inception to June 24, 2022, without language restrictions.Study SelectionRandomized clinical trials (RCTs) comparing SDM-based interventions with standard of care for cardiovascular risk factor management were included.Data Extraction and SynthesisThe systematic search resulted in 9365 references. Duplicates were removed, and 2 independent reviewers screened the trials (title, abstract, and full text) and extracted data. Data were pooled using a random-effects model. The review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) reporting guideline.Main Outcomes and MeasuresDecisional outcomes, cardiovascular risk factor outcomes, and health behavioral outcomes.ResultsThis review included 57 RCTs with 88 578 patients and 1341 clinicians. A total of 59 articles were included, as 2 RCTs were reported twice. Nearly half of the studies (29 [49.2%]) tested interventions that targeted both patients and clinicians, and an equal number (29 [49.2%]) exclusively focused on patients. More than half (32 [54.2%]) focused on diabetes management, and one-quarter focused on multiple cardiovascular risk factors (14 [23.7%]). Most studies (35 [59.3%]) assessed cardiovascular risk factors and health behaviors as well as decisional outcomes. The quality of studies reviewed was low to fair. The SDM intervention was associated with a decrease of 4.21 points (95% CI, −8.21 to −0.21) in Decisional Conflict Scale scores (9 trials; I2 = 85.6%) and a decrease of 0.20% (95% CI, −0.39% to −0.01%) in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels (18 trials; I2 = 84.2%).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this systematic review and meta-analysis of the current state of research on SDM interventions for cardiovascular risk management, there was a slight reduction in decisional conflict and an improvement in HbA1c levels with substantial heterogeneity. High-quality studies are needed to inform the use of SDM to improve cardiovascular risk management.
Terphenyl Functionalized Covalent Triazine Polymer as Metal‐Free Photocatalyst for Superior Hydrogen Peroxide Production
Authors: Zhang Qinhua , Zhou Jingyuan , Zhang Haonan , Qi Chong , Zhou Qiang , Guo Runze , Yang Hao , Xing Tao , Wang Mingqing , Wu Mingbo , Wu Wenting 
Published: March 2024

AbstractArtificial photosynthesis of H2O2 from H2O and O2 by visible light is a promising approach, but the efficiency is still unsatisfactory because of the inefficient O2 adsorption and proton supply. Here, terphenyl functionalized covalent triazine polymer (CTP‐TD) is prepared for efficient H2O2 production. Experimental and theoretical results show that terphenyl structure can promote O2 adsorption by regulating the oxygen evolution (O2→1O2) and improve proton supply by accelerating water oxidation. The terphenyl structure significantly promotes the singlet oxygen (1O2) production via the intersystem crossing (ISC) process. The electrophilic 1O2 is more easily adsorbed on the catalyst surface than O2. Simultaneously, the accumulated holes at the terphenyl structure lower water oxidation energy barriers and accelerate the water dehydrogenation process. This work provides a valuable reference and new inspiration for the polymer design of efficient H2O2 generation from the perspective of reactant supply.
Electric‐Field‐Induced in‐Plane Anisotropy of Superconducting Transition Temperature for FeSe0.5Te0.5 Thin Films
Authors: Mi Shu , Gao Ye , Jiang Ze , Zhang Junwei , Cao Wenhui , Li Jinjin , Wang Yutong , Liu Quan , Liu Siqian , Xu Chengchao , Yang Huaixin , Li Jianqi , Zhang Guangming , Wang Yayu , Zhao Yonggang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSuperconductor/ferroelectric heterostructures are very important for fundamental research and applications since superconductivity can be controlled by electric fields via ferroelectric polarization/piezostrain. Superconductivity is a macroscopic quantum phenomenon and it is commonly believed that the in‐plane superconducting transition temperature (Tc) should be isotropic for superconductors with crystal structures of stacking layers (quasi 2D). Here, the observation of piezostrain‐induced in‐plane anisotropy of Tc in FeSe0.5Te0.5 (FST) thin films grown on ferroelectric single crystals is reported. The as‐prepared FST shows a tetragonal phase with equal in‐plane lattice parameters and an absence of in‐plane anisotropy of Tc. Upon applying electric fields, piezostrain induces a difference in the in‐plane lattice parameters (a‐b) and in‐plane anisotropy of Tc. The in‐plane anisotropy of Tc correlates with a‐b and becomes more remarkable for larger values of a‐b. Some possible extrinsic effects are ruled out by experiments and analysis. A possible mechanism is proposed involving electronic nematicity and inhomogeneous superconductivity in FST to account for this unusual phenomenon. This work is significant for uncovering the exotic nature of unconventional superconductors, as well as applications.
Ultrahigh Nonlinear Responses from MXene Plasmons in the Short‐Wave Infrared Range
Authors: Park Changhoon , Park Nu‐Ri , Kwon Jisung , Kim Hyerim , Gogotsi Yury , Koo Chong Min , Kim Myung‐Ki 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSurface plasmons in 2D materials such as graphene exhibit exceptional field confinement. However, the low electron density of majority of 2D materials, which are semiconductors or semimetals, has limited their plasmons to mid‐wave or long‐wave infrared regime. This study demonstrates that a 2D Ti3C2Tx MXene with high electron density can not only support strong plasmon confinement with an acoustic plasmon mode in the short‐wave infrared region, but also provide ultrahigh nonlinear responses. The acoustic MXene plasmons (AMPs) in the MXene (Ti3C2Tx)–insulator (SiO2)–metal (Au) nanostructure generate in the 1.5–6.0 µm wavelength range, exhibiting a two orders of magnitude reduction in wavelength compared to wavelength in free space. Furthermore, AMP resonators with patterned Au rods exhibit a record‐high nonlinear absorption coefficient of 1.37 × 10−2 m W−1 at wavelength of 1.56 µm, ≈3 orders of magnitude greater than the highest value recorded for other 2D materials. These results indicate that MXenes can overcome fundamental plasmon wavelength limitations of previously studied 2D materials, providing groundbreaking opportunities in nonlinear optical applications, including all‐optical processing and ultrafast optical switching.
Directed Surface Reconstruction of Fe Modified Co2VO4 Spinel Oxides for Water Oxidation Catalysts Experiencing Self‐Terminating Surface Deterioration
Authors: Li Ang , Tang Xiaoxia , Cao Runjie , Song Dongcai , Wang Fangzheng , Yan Hua , Chen Hongmei , Wei Zidong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAffordable highly efficient catalysts for electrochemical oxygen evolution reaction (OER) play pivotal roles in green hydrogen production via water electrolysis. Regarding the non‐noble metal‐based electrocatalysts, considerable efforts are made to decipher the cation leaching and surface reconstruction; yet, little attention is focused on correlating them with catalytical activity and stability. Herein, in situ reconstruction of Fe‐modified Co2VO4 precursor catalyst to form a highly active (Fe,V)‐doped CoOOH phase for OER is reported, during which partial leaching of V accelerates the surface reconstruction and the V reserved in the reconstructed CoOOH layer in the form of alkali‐resistant V2O3 serves for dynamic charge compensation and prevention of excessive loss of lattice oxygen and Co dissolution. Fe substitution facilitates Co pre‐oxidation and endows the catalysts with structural flexibility by elevating O 2p band level; hence, encouraging participation of lattice oxygen in OER. The optimized Co2Fe0.25V0.75O4 electrode can afford current densities of 10 and 500 mA cm−2 at low overpotentials of 205 and 320 mV, respectively, with satisfactory stability over 600 h. By coupling with Pt/C cathode, the assembled alkaline electrolyzer can deliver 500 mA cm−2 at a low cell voltage of 1.798 V, better than that of commercial RuO2 (+) || Pt/C (−).
The future of agricultural and applied economics departments
Authors: Dorfman Jeffrey H. , Irwin Scott H. , Gopinath Munisamy , Zilberman David 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAgricultural and Applied Economics departments in the United States have evolved to serve traditional and new stakeholders under the three‐legged land grant mission: extension, research, and teaching. Substantial shifts in the focus of faculty, sometimes matching demand from stakeholders and sometimes not, raise fundamental questions about their strategic direction. We argue agricultural and applied economics has a mission to solve problems, current and future, by working with physical sciences; specifically, the study of economic problems of the food supply chain and bioeconomy. By focusing on this mission, agricultural and applied economics will provide more value‐added to society and may even improve economics while doing so.
Root traits and biomass production of drought‐resistant and drought‐sensitive arabica coffee varieties growing under contrasting watering regimes
Authors: Aman Mohammed , Worku Mohammed , Shimbir Tesfaye , Astatkie Tessema 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDrought is a major factor affecting coffee production, and different genotypes exhibit varying degrees of resistance to drought stress. We examined root traits and biomasses of drought‐resistant (74110, Angafa, Bultum, Chala, and Gawe) and drought‐sensitive (75227, Koti, Melko CH2, Menasibu, and Mokah) Coffea arabica varieties at seedling stage under contrasting watering regimes (water stressed and well watered) for 30 days followed by 15 days of recovery to identify the association between drought resistance and root traits and dry matter partitioning, and the impact of drought stress on growth performance of arabica coffee varieties. We used a split‐plot design with three blocks, where watering regime was the whole‐plot factor and variety was the subplot factor. During water‐stress and recovery periods, the interaction effect between watering regime and variety significantly affected root traits and dry matter partitioning, while the watering‐regime main effect affected biomass. We observed a higher (1) tap root diameter (0.34 cm), lateral root number (80.7), and root volume (4.7 cm−3) for 74110; (2) lateral root number (79.3), specific root length (24.8 cm g−1), and root‐mass ratio (0.41 g g−1) for Bultum; and (3) root length density (3.3–5.2 cm cm−3), root angle (42.6°–47.8°), root‐mass ratio (0.40–0.42 g g−1), and root‐shoot ratio (0.67–0.72 g g−1) for Angafa, Chala, and Gawe under water‐stressed condition. During both study periods, biomasses were much lower under water‐stressed than under well‐watered condition. The findings show the association between drought resistance and root traits and dry matter partitioning, and the impact of drought stress on growth performance of young arabica coffee.
Oxygen is an essential gasotransmitter directly sensed via protein gasoreceptors
Authors: Anbalagan Savani 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe current restrictive criteria for gasotransmitters exclude oxygen (O2) as a gasotransmitter in vertebrates. In this manuscript, I propose a revision of gasotransmitter criteria to include O2 per se as a signaling molecule and 'essential gasotransmitter' for vertebrates. This revision would enable us to search for protein‐based O2‐binding sensors (gasoreceptors) in all cells in the brain or other tissues rather than specialized tissues such as the carotid body or gills. If microorganisms have protein‐based O2‐binding sensors or gasoreceptors such as DosP or FixL or FNR with diverse signaling domains, then eukaryotic cells must also have O2‐binding sensors or gasoreceptors. Just as there are protein‐based receptor(s) for nitric oxide (GUCY1A, GUCY1B, CLOCK, NR1D2) in cells of diverse tissues, it is reasonable to consider that there are protein‐based receptors for O2 in cells of diverse tissues as well. In mammals, O2 must be acting as a gasotransmitter or gaseous signaling molecule via protein‐based gasoreceptors such as androglobin that very likely mediate acute sensing of O2. Accepting O2 as an essential gasotransmitter will enable us to search for gasoreceptors not only for O2 but also for other nonessential gasotransmitters such as hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, methane, and ethylene. It will also allow us to investigate the role of environment‐derived metal ions in acute gas (or solute) sensing within and between organisms. Finally, accepting O2 per se as a signaling molecule acting via gasoreceptors will open up the field of gasocrinology.
Musculoskeletal and tendinous details of selected anomalies in the locomotor system of anurans
Authors: Soliz Mónica C. , Abdala Virginia 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPrevious studies on anuran anomalies predominantly examine isolated cases or focus on external and skeletal features. Our study analyzes a comprehensive sample collected from 1991 to 2017, examining the muscle‐tendon system in 24 anuran species across adult, juvenile, and metamorphic stages. This extensive sample size allows us to investigate consistent anomaly patterns across different developmental stages and anuran families, exploring potential common developmental or genetic factors. Our detailed anatomical examination, encompassing musculature, tendons, and skeletal structures, revealed that 21% of the specimens displayed anomalies, a noteworthy finding considering the extensive sample size and duration of the studied sample. Of these anomalies, 17% affected the locomotor system, predominantly in the upper limbs. Key anomalies included, forelimbs and hindlimbs brachydactyly, rotation in forelimbs, partial kyphotic lordosis, and scoliosis. Notably, the digit 4 in the forelimbs and digits 4 and 5 in the hindlimbs were particularly susceptible to teratogenic effects, indicating possible prolonged exposure during development. Our study also uncovered combinations of anomalies and identified a phenotype similar to Poland syndrome. The findings validate the “Logic of Monsters” (LoMo theory) by Alberch, although the name itself may not be deemed appropriate, showing that developmental disruptions in tetrapods are not random but follow distinct sequences and patterns. The name, while unfortunate, accurately reflects the unusual nature of these developmental anomalies. This contributes to the evolving “Evo‐Devo‐Path” framework, highlighting the study's importance in understanding developmental disruptions in tetrapods.
Aggregation‐Induced Emission of Naphthalene Diimides: Effect of Chain Length on Liquid and Solid‐Phase Emissive Properties
Authors: Insuasty Alberto , Carrara Serena , Xuechen Jiao , McNeill Christopher R. , Hogan Conor , Langford Steven J. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) properties of a systematic series of naphthalene diimides (NDIs) varying the chain length at the imide positions have been studied. A solvophobic collapse of NDI units through the flash injection of THF NDI solutions in sonicating water triggers the formation of stable suspensions with enhanced fluorescence emissions. Shorter chains favor the π‐π stacking of NDI units through H‐aggregation producing a strong AIE effect showing remarkably high quantum yields that have not been observed for non core‐substitued NDIs previously. On the other hand, NDIs functionalized with longer chains lead to more disordered domains where π‐π stacking between NDI units is mainly given by J‐aggregation unfavoring the AIE effect.
R2D ligase: Unveiling a novel DNA ligase with surprising DNA‐to‐RNA ligation activity
Authors: Gundesø Sigurd Eidem , Rothweiler Ulli , Heimland Elise , Piotrowski Yvonne , Rødum Inger Kristine , Söderberg Jenny Johansson , Gábor Ildikó Moustaka , Solstad Terese , Williamson Adele , Lanes Olav , Striberny Bernd Ketelsen 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDNA ligases catalyze bond formation in the backbone of nucleic acids via the formation of a phosphodiester bond between adjacent 5′ phosphates and 3′ hydroxyl groups on one strand of the duplex. While DNA ligases preferentially ligate single breaks in double‐stranded DNA (dsDNA), they are capable of ligating a multitude of other nucleic acid substrates like blunt‐ended dsDNA, TA overhangs, short overhangs and various DNA‐RNA hybrids. Here we report a novel DNA ligase from Cronobacter phage CR 9 (R2D Ligase) with an unexpected DNA‐to‐RNA ligation activity. The R2D ligase shows excellent efficiency when ligating DNA to either end of RNA molecules using a DNA template. Furthermore, we show that DNA can be ligated simultaneously to both the 5′ and 3′ ends of microRNA‐like molecules in a single reaction mixture. Abortive adenylated side product formation is suppressed at lower ATP concentrations and the ligase reaction reaches near completion when ligating RNA‐to‐DNA or DNA‐to‐RNA. The ligation of a DNA strand to the 5′‐PO42− end of RNA is unique among the commercially available ligases and may facilitate novel workflows in microRNA analysis, RNA sequencing and the preparation of chimeric guide DNA‐RNA for gene editing applications.