bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knappligar broytingar í sjóvarhitanum við Føroyar
Authors: Hansen Bogi , Zachariassen Petur 
Published: March 2024

When considering variations of the surface temperature of the sea it is common practise to concentrate on the mean values over a certain period. It is argued that for some purposes the extreme values may be as relevant. The hydrographic conditions in Faroese waters are dominated by the presence of the Polar front (fig 1—2). A unique series of daily surface temperature observations exist from Mykines. The long-term variations have been given by Smed (Smed Ann. Biol., fig 3) based on mean monthly values.
In this paper we have looked for deviations from the mean on a shorter time scale i. e. by days. A visual inspection of the data (fig. 4) indicates that the deviations are not symmetrical but rather more negative. An analysis confirms this hypothesis. The data were high pass filtered and the number of deviations of various temperature intervals were counted. A distinction was made between positive and negative deviations. Table 1 and fig. 6 demonstrate the result. The temperature variations atMykines, thus are interpreted as composed of three parts: 1 A yearly variation, 2 »Noise« symmetrical with respect to the running mean, 3 Negative anomalies. It is the latter which has been studied in more detail. Figs. 7 and 8 demonstrate the distribution of anomalies ( > V Í ° C) through the years (1920—1940) and in various months. The anomalies are significantly more frequent during wintertime.
As for the origin af the anomalies, it is argued that these are probably of an advective character indicating the presence of cold »blobs« or »eddies« in the waters of the Faroe shelf. Further evidence for this is presented in fig. 10 and evidence that temperature variations in these waters include advective processes as a dominant part is found also from a series of temperature ■— current observations from SuSuroyarfjørður (figs. 11, 12, 13, 14). The temperature variations observed were plotted against the Lagrangian coordinate x(t) of a fictitious water particle
tx(t)=2v(i)-/\tKv(i) being the observed current along the main axis at the time i and A t , the sampling interval. The fact that in these plots the curves are very often retraced when the current turns — as exemplified by fig. 15 ■— indicates the importance of advective processes. As to the origin of the eddies, we assume their creation to be related to the Polar front which indeed does produce such entities (B. Hansen & J. Meincke, to be published). In conclusion we note the importance of such processes both from ahydrographical and biological point of view.
Sandoyarbók: A Faroese Ballad Collection, Its Collector and the Community
Authors: Conroy Patricia 
Published: March 2024

Kirkjubøkur og almenn skjøl úr fyrra helmingi av 19. øld hava nógv at siga okkum um Sandoyarbók, tann ið skrivaði hana,Jóannes Klæmintsson í Króki, og samfelagið, sum hann savnaði kvæðini í. Tó at Jóannes í eftirmælinum at bókini nevnir fleiriembætismenn í Føroyum, sum hava eggjað honum til at savna kvæði, vita vit, at hann má eisini hava verið ávirkaður av teimumseks brúdleypunum, ið hildin vórðu á Sandi heystið 1820. Víst er, at tey fyrstu kvæðini, hann skrivaði upp tann veturin, fekk hann ikki frá bygdarmonnum, men frá avbygdarmonnum, ið vóru nær skyldir við annað av brúðarhjúnunum ella skyldir við hann sjálvan. Royndur lutur er, at øll avbygdarheimildarfólk hansara høvdu eitt í felag: nær í ætt við savnaran sjálvan ella næstuskyldfólk hansara. Sama er um heimildarfólk Jóannesar á Sandi, sum vóru konufólk, smámenn ella ognarmenn óskyldir viðkongsbóndafólk í bygdini. Bert teir heimildarmenn á Sandi, ið vóru nær skyldir kongsbóndum, vóru hvørki skyldmenn Jóannesar ella næstu grannar. Forvitnisligt er, at hesir menn vóru uttan samanburð bestu heimildarmenn Jóannesar, men berttveir teirra vóru kongsbøndur sjálvir, teir flestu vóru yngri bóndabrøður, ikki so hátt settir í bygdarsamfelagnum og tí hugaðirfyri at bøta um støðu sína.
Tó at Jóannes sigur í eftirmælinum, at hann hevði savnað øll kvæði, ið hann kendi til, er tað vist, at hann ikki gjørdi tað. Fyrstog fremst tykjast fólk yvirhøvur — og savnarin við - at hava verið treyð at lata tættir um hendingar í bygdini koma upp í savnið.Síðan er at nevna, at Jóannesi miseydnaðist at fáa fatur á minst einum kappakvæði, helst tí at hann, ið átti tað, stúrdi fyri atonkur annar kundi nema tað og skipa tað í dansi. Onnur grund til at ivast í, at Sandoyarbók er fullfíggjað, er tann, at Jóannestykist bert hava verið á kvøldsetum hjá vinum sínum og gronnum. Vit vita um tveir dúgligar kvæðarar í bygdini, sum Jóanneseinki fekk frá.
When, How, and Whence?
Authors: Enckell Pehr H. 
Published: March 2024

An attempt is made to distinguish between different phases in the immigration history of terrestrial invertebrates to the Faroe Islands and to estimate their relative importance. It is shown that a phase of large-scale immigration over the sea occurred some time between 10000 BP and 9000 BP, and that immigration by this means later became less important. Immigration by driftwood has probably occurred now and then; it probably started earlier from the American continent than from the northern parts of Eurasia. Aerial immigration has been important continuously since the islands became available for invasion; this process has increased in importance over time because of increased species richness in the main source areas in NW Europe. Immigration by agency of Man has taken place only during the last 1100 or so years; source areas have been western Norway, Denmark, and the northern part of the British Isles. Chance immigration of species with special habitat requirements has occurred during the human occupancy of the islands; examples are e.g. species that require deep soil layers, and forest-dwelling species in the recently established forest plantations.
The place of the Faroes in the North Atlantic biogeographic context is shown by a comparison between the occurrence offour groups (Coleoptera, Araneae, Lumbricidae, and Gastropoda) in the Faroes and the surrounding areas. Differences inspecies numbers between the areas are small for anthropochorous groups (Lumbricidae, Gastropoda); they are considerablygreater for groups where the main immigration has been by other means than by Man (Coleoptera, Araneae). For thesegroups isolation, island area, and plant cover are important, in addition to the respective species' dispersal ability.
Species of the algal genus Vaucheria on the Faroes
Authors: Christensen Tyge 
Published: March 2024

Species of the algal genus Vaucheria (Tribophyceae) form mats of thin filaments on the ground often at the base of flowering plants. They can be found at places like sides of brooklets, on roadside ditches, and in salt marshes. Samples from such places were collected on Eysturoy, Streymoy, Suðuroy and Viðoy in the first half of July 1994. Only a few Vaucheria species have hitherto been reported from the Faroe Islands. New records for the archipelago reported in this study are: V. aversa, V. canalicularis, V. frigida, V. medusa, V. prona, and a species referred to the V. geminata complex being V. trigemina-Yike.The paper also includes comments to V. coronata and to V. dillwynii and V. hamata earlier reportcd as V. pachyderma var. islandica andW. uncinata respectively. In addition three Vaucheria parasites have been encountered: the rotatorian Proales werneckii, the plasmodiophoralean Woronina glomerata, and the chytrid Zygorhizidium vaucheriae.
Village-dwelling. Understanding young people’s reasons for settling in Faroese villages.
Authors: Matras Kristiansen Sámal 
Published: March 2024

Úrtak
Leikluturin hjá bygdunum í føroyska samfelagnum broytist alsamt. Fyrr vóru bygdirnar rættiliga fjar skotnar, men nú eru tær mobilt samantvinnaðar við hvørja aðra. Hetta merkir í fyrstu syftu, at bústaðar siðvenjan, ið er knýtt at tí at búgva á bygd, broytist. Men harnæst er tað eisini við til at máa støði undan vanligu fatanini av tí at búgva á bygd. Sum ung fólk gerast sera mobil – og noyðast at gerast sera mobil fyri ikki at verða afturúrsigld – verða partar av siðbundnu bygdafataninivarðveittir í ímyndunum hjá unga fólkinum. Sæð úr hesum sjónarhorni verður bygdin eitt sera tvígilt og enntá tvørsagt fyribrigdi, ið javnvigar millum siðbundni og modernitet; millum staðbundinskap og flytføri. Í greinini vísi eg eisini á at tað er høpisleyst at skilja millum býar- og bygdalívsformar í eini mobilari øld.
Abstract
The role of the villages in the Faroes society is rapidly changing. Wheras the villages used to be quite isolated they are now mobilely integrated with each others. This means firstly that the dwelling-practices connected to living in a village are changing, but secondly it also undermines the common perception of the villagedwelling. As young people become – and have tobecome so in order to not being left behind – very mobile, parts of the traditional village-perception still remain in the imaginations of the young people. Seen from this point of view the village becomes a very ambivalent and even paradoxical phenomenon that balances between tradition and modernity; between place-tiedness and mobility. In the article I also discussthe lack of meaning in distinguishing between urban and rural life-modes in an age of mobility.
Nakrar hugleiðingar um hvussu sagnorðini blíva og verða koma fyri í nútíðar, munnligum føroyskum
Authors: Pauladóttir Majbritt 
Published: March 2024

Úrtak
Sagnorðini blíva og verða, ið eitt sindur skal verða sagt um her, hava higartil oftast verið mett sum samheiti í føroyskum, og orðið verða verður mett sum upprunaligari, við tað at tað er arvorð úr norrønnum, og orðið blíva verður mett sum óneyðugt tøkuorð úr lágtýskum um danskt. Við føroysku siðvenjuni í sambandi við málreinsan (purismu) hevur blíva tí ikki verið nógv nýttí skrivligum føroyskum.Greinin er skrivað við vón um at kunna seta fram nakrar hugsanir um tey bæði sagnorðini, bæði úr einum nútíðar og einum søguligum málfrøðiligum sjónarhorni, og røtt verður um, hvussu tey koma fyri í nútíð í munnligum føroyskum. Nýggjar samrøður við føroysk heimildarfólk, tiknar upp í sambandi viðMasterritgerð eftir høvundan, eru grundarlagið undir tí, ið verður umrøtt.Niðurstøðan er, at hóast mótstøðan móti blíva hevur verið hørð, so er hetta sagnorð kortini komið inn í talað mál. Serliga áhugavert er, at í innsavnaða tilfarinum er nógv, ið bendir á, at við tíðini er ein merkingarligur (semantiskur) munur íkomin, við tað at týdningurin hjá orðinum blíva bregður nakað frá týdninginum hjá orðinum verða. Hetta verður kannað, og roynt verðurvið nýggjum dømum at siga nakað um munin teirra millum.
Abstract
This article discusses the distribution of the two auxiliary verbs blíva and verða in Faroese. The verbs have so far been regarded as synonyms, of which verða, making a part of the old Norse lexical inventory, has been considered ‘good language’, whereas blíva has been considered an unnecessary loanword from Plattdeutsch. Consequently, blíva has not been much used in the written language due to the purist traditions in Faroese.The article has been written with a view to highlighting the distribution of the two auxiliaries in the present tense in the verbal language. This has been done from a diachronic as well as a synchronic viewpoint. The discussion is based on interviews with native speaking informants that were conducted in connection with the author’s Master’s thesis.Although the defense has been considerable against blíva, the conclusion seems inevitable that the auxiliary has entered the verbal language. However, the distribution of the two verbs in the spoken language seems to reflect a semantic difference, and this distinction is the main focus of this article. In order to be able to discuss the dissimilarities, therefore, the semanticcharacteristics have been studied grammatically as well as tested in new phrases by reverting to a group of informants that constitutes 10% of the original lot.
Christen Djurhuus' færøske præstetal(1759)
Authors: Skårup Povl 
Published: March 2024

Úrtak
Útgáva av tí føroyska prestatalinum sum Christen Djurhuus próstur gjørdi í 1759. Tað sigur frá prestunum ið høvdu verið í teimum sjey prestagjøldunum, rektarunum ið høvdu verið við latínskúlan í Havn, og próstunum ið høvdu verið í Føroyum, alt frá trúbótini, sum hann, Føroyum viðvíkjandi, tíðarfesti til 1538.Sum uppískoyti útgávur av nøkrum framhaldum av prestatalinum og av nøkrum prestavísum ið endurgeva partar av prestatalinum á bundnum máli.
Resume
Udgave af det præstetal for Færøerne som provst Christen Djurhuus udarbejdede i 1759. Det rummer oplysninger om de præster der havde været i Færøernes syv præstegæld, de rektorer der havde været ved latinskolen i Tórshavn, og de provster der havde været pá Færøerne, alt sammen siden reformationen, som Djurhuus for Færøernes vedkommende daterede til 1538.Som anhang udgaver af nogle tekster der fortsætter Djurhuus' præstetal og af nogle præsteviser der gengiver afsnit af det pá vers.
Abstract
An edition of the Series Pastorum for the Faroe Islands, which the rural dean Christen Djurhuus made in 1759. It contains information on the pastors of the seven pastorates on the islands, the rectors of the Tórshavn Latin School, and the rural deans that had been on the islands, all since the Reformation, the beginning of which Djurhuus dated to 1538.
As appendices to this text are some other texts, which continue the Series Pastorum of Djurhuus, and some songs, which contain parts of the Series Pastorum in verse
Uppískoyti til greinina Løgin fyribrigdi hjá hvali FRÓÐSKAPARRIT 6. BÓK, BLS. 34-50, 1957
Authors: Huggett A. St. G. 
Published: March 2024

Since submission of this M. S. to the Editor further data have suggested modifications. The data are obtained from examination in London of Whaling Statistics on a wider scale than available in Tórshavn, correlation of the foetal weights of Pilot whales obtained in Føroyar with the foetal statistics of the other toothed species, the Sperm whale, derived partly from Matthews (1938), Clarhe (1956) and unpublished data.
The most important conclusions concern the period of gestation in different species. It would appear probable that baleen whales, are as suggested less than 1 year, probably 10 months T 1 month and of these it appears probable that the Blue whale is 9—10 months but the foetus at full term is only 1—2 tons, rarely, though occasionally, 3—4 tons. Secondly the Odontocoeti (Sperm and Pilot) differ from the Mystacoeti (Baleen whales) in being over 1 year. Our Pilot whale foetuses at or about August lst were of 2 age groups, about 700-800 gram and about 50,000 gram, strongly suggesting gestation periods over 1 year, about 14 or 15 months. Both Matthews and Clarke suggest 15—16 months as the gestation period for Sperm whales. These are shown in the appended figure.
Primary banded RYGB, banded long-limb RYGB, and revisional B-RYGB: weight loss and complications at one-year follow-up
Authors: Huele Andries Van , Buchwald Jane N. , McGlennon Tim W. , Dillemans Bruno 
Published: March 2024

Aim : We aimed to study the effectiveness and safety of primary banded Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (B-RYGB), primary banded long-limb RYGB (B-LLRYGB), and revisional B-RYGB to address insufficient post-RYGB excess weight loss (≤ 50.0%) or weight regain.
Methods: This was a single-center, retrospective, comparative analysis of weight loss and postoperative complications in patients with class III obesity [body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) ≥ 40.0 - ≤ 50.0] who received the MIDCAL® non-adjustable calibration ring during primary B-RYGB or B-LLRYGB, or as part of a revisional banding procedure.
Results: Between July 2017 and January 2021, the B-RYGB + B-LLRYGB cohort of 104 patients (median BMI 49.3 ± 4.6 [40.6-67.8]) achieved a mean BMI of 30.7 ± 4.8, total weight loss (TWL) 37.7% ± 7.9%, and excess BMI loss (EBMIL) of 77.5% ± 17.2% at 1-year follow-up (P < 0.001). One-year respective B-RYGB (n = 53) vs. B-LLRYGB (n = 51) analysis: mean BMI 29.4 ± 3.6 vs. 32.4 ± 5.4 (P < 0.005), TWL 38.0% ± 7.3% vs. 37.4% ± 8.6% (P = 0.746), EBMIL 80.7% ± 15.0% vs. 73.6% ± 18.9% (P = 0.066). The revisional B-RYGB cohort of 96 patients [baseline BMI 37.6 ± 5.5 (28.0-59.2)] attained a 1-year mean BMI of 31.7 ± 4.6, TWL 16.2% ± 9.7%, EBMIL 49.3%% ± 40.2% (P < 0.001). There was no mortality. 30-day complication rates: primary group 0.0%, revisional group 3.8%. Longer-term (median 577 days) complication rates: primary group 2.5%, revisional group 17.7%.
Conclusions: At one-year follow-up in patients with class III and IV (≥ 50.0 - ≤ 60.0) obesity, B-RYGB, B-LLRYGB, and revisional B-RYGB were effective in attaining weight loss with a low rate of complications. Band-related complications were more frequent in revisions than in primary cases, likely due to the use of smaller-sized bands.
COLLABORATIVE SUPERVISION STRATEGY INTEGRATED WITH SISPENA APPLICATION FOR IMPROVING EARLY CHILDHOOD INSTITUTION’S ACCREDITATION
Authors: Rohman Deni Saepul , Nurhayati Sri 
Published: March 2024

<em>The research purpose is to provide insights into how the collaborative supervision strategy, supported by the SISPENA application, addresses accreditation challenges and promotes educational excellence in TAAM institutions. The research used qualitative approach with case study method. Data were gathered using in-depth interviews with educators, supervisors, and administrators from participating TAAM institutions, participant observation, and document study. The data were analyzed using triangulation to gain insights into the challenges faced in meeting accreditation criteria and the collaborative supervision strategy's impact on addressing these challenges. The findings highlight the challenges arising from limited resources and inconsistencies in accreditation readiness. The collaborative supervision strategy was then introduced to facilitate collective discussions among educators, supervisors, and administrators. The integration of the SISPENA application played a vital role, offering technological support and a platform for streamlined documentation. The research underscores the roles of each stakeholder group: educators engage in discussions and implement improved teaching methods, supervisors guide discussions and oversee documentation, and administrators manage the documentation process. The collaborative strategy's effectiveness is evidenced by the tangible progress observed in accreditation processes across the seven participating TAAM institutions.</em>
THE URGENCY OF ESTABLISHING REGIONAL REGULATIONS ON THEMATIC TOURISM IN SUMENEP REGENCY
Authors: Syarif Yusmita , Ansori Ansori 
Published: March 2024

Thematic pariwasata is a new term in the world of tourism that needs to be applied in today's life. Thematic tourism is a solution to current needs and also as a development of the pre-existing tourism concept. Regulations both laws and local regulations on tourism already exist and are good. Meanwhile, Sumenep regency is an area that geographically has natural resources that are very vast and pleasant. Various tourist destinations adorn many ranging from natural, historical / religious, and culinary tourism. Likewise, local regulations are also contained in it. However, the thematic tourism model is still not implemented in Sumenep regency, so seeing the potential and variety of tourist destinations in Sumenep regency, the need to form a thematic tourism model along with regulations Local regulations are used as an answer to the development of current life and help the community's economy to be more delivered.
Capacitação de docentes para prática de Mindfulness em sala de aula: construção e validação de produto educacional
Authors: Barros Liliane , Garcia Rosamaria , Rodrigues Marcela 
Published: March 2024

Este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar os resultados da construção e validação de produtos educacionais sobre a prática de meditação Mindfulness para docentes de cursos técnicos da área da saúde. Trata-se de estudo metodológico, transversal, prospectivo, abordagem qualitativa, amostra não probabilística e selecionada por conveniência. Os produtos educacionais produzidos foram validados utilizando o Instrumento de Validação de Conteúdo Educativo em Saúde. Participaram 14 docentes dos cursos técnicos do Senac Tiradentes, município de São Paulo. Foram elaborados uma Aula Instrucional e um Guia Medita & Ação. Os docentes descreveram que após a capacitação sentiram-se em paz, bem-estar, harmonia, calma, tranquilidade, melhora da concentração e foco e maior equilíbrio das emoções e pensamentos. A maior parte dos docentes relataram que se sentiram à vontade para praticar com os alunos e sugeriram que ocorressem mais práticas com os docentes para aumentar a segurança. Quanto à validação dos produtos educacionais, observou-se concordância acima de 80% para os critérios de estrutura/apresentação, objetivos e relevância. A prática da meditação pode ser utilizada como ferramenta para auxiliar o desenvolvimento de atividades pedagógicas em sala de aula. Sugere-se que novos estudos sejam realizados para analisar, a longo prazo, os efeitos da prática com os alunos.
The complex etiology of Epilepsy in the Middle East: Genetic analysis and HLA associations
Authors: Fadda Abeer , Alsabbagh Mohamed , Vasudeva Dhanya , Saeed Amira , Aglan Sara , Hubrack Satanay Z , Benini Ruba , Lo Bernice , Zamel Khaled 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

ObjectivesEpilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders. The cost to the health system and the impact on quality of life for patients with intractable epilepsies and associated comorbidities is significant. Disease etiology and pathogenesis are still not well understood. Genetic variants have been shown to be associated with 70% of epilepsies, and the remaining 30% enigmatic. This knowledge gap necessitates further research. The goal of this study is to partially bridge this gap through the genetic analysis of a cohort of patients with epilepsy from an understudied and highly consanguineous population, primarily of ethnicities from the Middle East and North Africa region.MethodsWhole exome sequencing was carried out in 67 patients and their family members at a tertiary center in Qatar. The focus was on identifying deleterious genetic variants associated with epilepsy. Additionally, we performed in silico typing for 13 class I & II HLA genes and performed association analysis with disease status.ResultsApproximately 30% of cases were resolved through genetic analysis, revealing deleterious variants within 15 genes of established relevance to epilepsy and 5 others with weaker ties to the condition. These variants include single nucleotide variations (SNVs), small insertion/deletions (indels), copy number variations (CNVs) and loss of heterozygosity (LOH). Around 40% of the SNVs and indels are novel. The mode of inheritance is roughly evenly distributed between autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive, with two cases of X-linked recessive and one case of X-linked inheritance. Furthermore, we identified positive associations between epilepsy and allelesDRB1*07:01:01GandDRB4*01:01:01G, while alleleDRB3*01:01:02Gexhibited a negative association.SignificanceCollectively, these findings delineate novel variants and a multifaceted genetic etiology in epilepsy pathogenesis, encompassing both immune and non-immune genes.