bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FLRT3 and TGF‐β/SMAD4 signalling: Impacts on apoptosis, autophagy and ion channels in supraventricular tachycardia
Authors: Pang Yang , Xu Ye , Chen Qingxing , Cheng Kuan , Ling Yunlong , Jang Jun , Ge Junbo , Zhu Wenqing 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTo explore the underlying molecular mechanisms of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), this study aimed to analyse the complex relationship between FLRT3 and TGF‐β/SMAD4 signalling pathway, which affects Na+ and K+ channels in cardiomyocytes. Bioinformatics analysis was performed on 85 SVT samples and 15 healthy controls to screen overlapping genes from the key module and differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Expression profiling of overlapping genes, coupled with Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analyses, identified FLRT3 as a hub gene. In vitro studies utilizing Ang II‐stimulated H9C2 cardiomyocytes were undertaken to elucidate the consequences of FLRT3 silencing on cardiomyocyte apoptosis and autophagic processes. Utilizing a combination of techniques such as quantitative reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR), western blotting (WB), flow cytometry, dual‐luciferase reporter assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation polymerase chain reaction (ChIP‐PCR) assays were conducted to decipher the intricate interactions between FLRT3, the TGF‐β/SMAD4 signalling cascade and ion channel gene expression. Six genes (AADAC, DSC3, FLRT3, SYT4, PRR9 and SERTM1) demonstrated reduced expression in SVT samples, each possessing significant clinical diagnostic potential. In H9C2 cardiomyocytes, FLRT3 silencing mitigated Ang II‐induced apoptosis and modulated autophagy. With increasing TGF‐β concentration, there was a dose‐responsive decline in FLRT3 and SCN5A expression, while both KCNIP2 and KCND2 expressions were augmented. Moreover, a direct interaction between FLRT3 and SMAD4 was observed, and inhibition of SMAD4 expression resulted in increased FLRT3 expression. Our results demonstrated that the TGF‐β/SMAD4 signalling pathway plays a critical role by regulating FLRT3 expression, with potential implications for ion channel function in SVT.
HBI‐8000 improves heart failure with preserved ejection fraction via the TGF‐β1/MAPK signalling pathway
Authors: Tian Jing , Li Wenjing , Zeng Lu , Li Yang , Du Jiamin , Li Ying , Li Bin , Su Guohai 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHeart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) accounts for approximately 50% of total heart failure patients and is characterized by peripheral circulation, cardiac remodelling and comorbidities (such as advanced age, obesity, hypertension and diabetes) with limited treatment options. Chidamide (HBI‐8000) is a domestically produced benzamide‐based histone deacetylase isoform‐selective inhibitor used for the treatment of relapsed refractory peripheral T‐cell lymphomas. Based on our in vivo studies, we propose that HBI‐8000 exerts its therapeutic effects by inhibiting myocardial fibrosis and myocardial hypertrophy in HFpEF patients. At the cellular level, we found that HBI‐8000 inhibits AngII‐induced proliferation and activation of CFs and downregulates the expression of fibrosis‐related factors. In addition, we observed that the HFpEF group and AngII stimulation significantly increased the expression of TGF‐β1 as well as phosphorylated p38MAPK, JNK and ERK, whereas the expression of the above factors was significantly reduced after HBI‐8000 treatment. Activation of the TGF‐β1/MAPK pathway promotes the development of fibrotic remodelling, and pretreatment with SB203580 (p38MAPK inhibitor) reverses this pathological change. In conclusion, our data suggest that HBI‐8000 inhibits fibrosis by modulating the TGF‐β1/MAPK pathway thereby improving HFpEF. Therefore, HBI‐8000 may become a new hope for the treatment of HFpEF patients.
Electroacupuncture suppresses neuronal ferroptosis to relieve chronic neuropathic pain
Authors: Xue Chunchun , Kui Wenyun , Huang Aiping , Li Yanan , Li Lingxing , Gu Zhen , Xie Lei , Kong Shuyi , Yu Jun , Ruan Hongfeng , Wang Kaiqiang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractGrowing evidence supports the analgesic efficacy of electroacupuncture (EA) in managing chronic neuropathic pain (NP) in both patients and NP models induced by peripheral nerve injury. However, the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Ferroptosis, a novel form of programmed cell death, has been found to be activated during NP development, while EA has shown potential in promoting neurological recovery following acute cerebral injury by targeting ferroptosis. In this study, to investigate the detailed mechanism underlying EA intervention on NP, male Sprague‐Dawley rats with chronic constriction injury (CCI)‐induced NP model received EA treatment at acupoints ST36 and GV20 for 14 days. Results demonstrated that EA effectively attenuated CCI‐induced pain hypersensitivity and mitigated neuron damage and loss in the spinal cord of NP rats. Moreover, EA reversed the oxidative stress‐mediated spinal ferroptosis phenotype by upregulating reduced expression of xCT, glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), ferritin heavy chain (FTH1) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels, and downregulating increased expression of acyl‐CoA synthetase long‐chain family member 4 (ACSL4), malondialdehyde levels and iron overload. Furthermore, EA increased the immunofluorescence co‐staining of GPX4 in neurons cells of the spinal cord of CCI rats. Mechanistic analysis unveiled that the inhibition of antioxidant pathway of Nrf2 signalling via its specific inhibitor, ML385, significantly countered EA's protective effect against neuronal ferroptosis in NP rats while marginally diminishing its analgesic effect. These findings suggest that EA treatment at acupoints ST36 and GV20 may protect against NP by inhibiting neuronal ferroptosis in the spinal cord, partially through the activation of Nrf2 signalling.
Deficiency of heme oxygenase 1a causes detrimental effects on cardiac function
Authors: Wang Hong , Siren Juuso , Perttunen Sanni , Immonen Katariina , Chen Yu‐Chia , Narumanchi Suneeta , Kosonen Riikka , Paavola Jere , Laine Mika , Tikkanen Ilkka , Lakkisto Päivi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHumans lacking heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1) display growth retardation, haemolytic anaemia, and vulnerability to stress; however, cardiac function remains unclear. We aimed to explore the cardiac function of zebrafish lacking hmox1a at baseline and in response to stress. We generated zebrafish hmox1a mutants using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technology. Deletion of hmox1a increases cardiac output and further induces hypertrophy in adults. Adults lacking hmox1a develop myocardial interstitial fibrosis, restrain cardiomyocyte proliferation and downregulate renal haemoglobin and cardiac antioxidative genes. Larvae lacking hmox1a fail to respond to hypoxia, whereas adults are insensitive to isoproterenol stimulation in the heart, suggesting that hmox1a is necessary for cardiac response to stress. Haplodeficiency of hmox1a stimulates non‐mitochondrial respiration and cardiac cell proliferation, increases cardiac output in larvae in response to hypoxia, and deteriorates cardiac function and structure in adults upon isoproterenol treatment. Intriguingly, haplodeficiency of hmox1a upregulates cardiac hmox1a and hmox1b in response to isoproterenol. Collectively, deletion of hmox1a results in cardiac remodelling and abrogates cardiac response to hypoxia and isoproterenol. Haplodeficiency of hmox1a aggravates cardiac response to the stress, which could be associated with the upregulation of hmox1a and hmox1b. Our data suggests that HMOX1 homeostasis is essential for maintaining cardiac function and promoting cardioprotective effects.
Geographic network effects in a circular economy: A field data analysis of reusable packaging services
Authors: Ratay Christoph , Barthel Fabian , Mohnen Alwine 
Published: March 2024

AbstractProduct–service systems (PSS) have the potential to align businesses’ financial incentives with environmental objectives. Conceptual and qualitative research on non‐ownership consumption suggests that such offerings benefit from dense local networks, which motivate system adoption and use. However, geographic network effects and their magnitude have not been examined with field data capturing revealed behavior. This paper leverages a large field dataset from a system for reusable take‐out food containers to evaluate the effect of increased geographic network density of participating restaurants on (a) the acquisition of new users and (b) the frequency of system use. Based on fixed effects Poisson panel models, this paper finds statistically significant and practically meaningful positive effects of increased geographic network density on acquiring new users. Notably, marginal effects of increased geographic network density on user acquisition diminish as networks get denser. In terms of frequency of use, no significant effects of geographic network density are identified. These results contribute to the literature on non‐ownership consumption by presenting nuanced field evidence of indirect, cross‐side network effects in PSS. Furthermore, findings encourage businesses and policymakers to promote PSS with dense local networks.
Exploring the relationship between AM‐PAC scores and mobility components in falls and pressure injury risk assessment tools: A pathway to improve nursing clinical efficiency
Authors: Stenum Jan , McLaughlin Kevin , Collector Ioannis , Funk Karli , Vincent Lydia , Young Daniel , Hendrich Ann , Hoyer Erik H. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundNurses routinely perform multiple risk assessments related to patient mobility in the hospital. Use of a single mobility assessment for multiple risk assessment tools could improve clinical documentation efficiency, accuracy and lay the groundwork for automated risk evaluation tools.PurposeWe tested how accurately Activity Measure for Post‐Acute Care (AM‐PAC) mobility scores predicted the mobility components of various fall and pressure injury risk assessment tools.MethodAM‐PAC scores along with mobility and physical activity components on risk assessments (Braden Scale, Get Up and Go used within the Hendrich II Fall Risk Model®, Johns Hopkins Fall Risk Assessment Tool (JHFRAT) and Morse Fall Scale) were collected on a cohort of hospitalised patients. We predicted scores of risk assessments based on AM‐PAC scores by fitting of ordinal logistic regressions between AM‐PAC scores and risk assessments. STROBE checklist was used to report the present study.FindingsAM‐PAC scores predicted the observed mobility components of Braden, Get Up and Go and JHFRAT with high accuracy (≥85%), but with lower accuracy for the Morse Fall Scale (40%).DiscussionThese findings suggest that a single mobility assessment has the potential to be a good solution for the mobility components of several fall and pressure injury risk assessments.
Within‐city roads and urban growth
Authors: Brandily P. , Rauch F. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this paper we study the role of within‐city roads layout in fostering city growth. Within‐city roads networks have not been studied extensively in economics although they are essential to facilitate human interactions, which are at the core of agglomeration economies. We build and compute several simple measures of roads network and construct a sample of over 1800 cities and towns from Sub‐Saharan Africa. Using a simple econometric model and two instrumental variable strategies based on the history of African cities, we then estimate the causal impact of within‐city roads layout on urban growth. We find that over the recent decades, cities with greater road density and road evenness in the centre grew faster.
A raceless legal psychology in a system marked by race
Authors: Gonzales Rubí M. , Plaut Victoria C. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDespite the fact that evidence of racial inequality in the U.S. criminal legal system has become overwhelming, the field of legal psychology has largely ignored issues of race and systemic racism. Although legal psychology focuses on a system that has disproportionately affected certain racial groups, and much of the field questions the fairness of the system, its research seems to rarely take a critical approach to account for racial and systemic factors that may shape an individual's psychological experience. The purpose of this article is, therefore, to analyze the lack of attention to race and racism in legal psychology, document the extent to which the field has historically attended to issues of race and systemic racism, and provide best practices for future research to embrace a critical race legal psychology. To document inattention to race and systemic racism, we query, code, and analyze all articles published in two of legal psychology's most influential journals (Law and Human Behavior and Psychology, Public Policy, and Law), finding, indeed, a dearth of articles on these topics.
Hospital usage for oral and dental conditions in Hawaii: A cross‐sectional study using the 2021 Hawaii statewide hospital data
Authors: Matsunaga Masako , Donnelly Patrick , Chen John J. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the frequency of emergency department (ED) usage primarily for oral/dental conditions in Hawaii and to examine social‐demographic factors associated with the identified ED visits.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study of the 2021 Hawaii Statewide Hospital data. We identified records indicating ED usage and a primary diagnosis of non‐traumatic dental conditions (NTDC) and other oral dental conditions (OODC). Descriptive analyses of ED visits for NTDC and OODC were performed to identify vulnerable individuals based on age, sex, race/ethnicity, primary source of payment, county of residence, and total charges per hospital record. A multivariable negative binomial regression model included age, sex, and county of residence was used to obtain adjusted rate ratios (aRR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of ED visits for NTDC.ResultsAmong hospital records with diagnoses for oral or dental conditions (n = 12,336), 97% indicated ED, of which half had an NTDC diagnosis, and the remaining half had an OODC diagnosis. Distinct differences in the characteristics of ED visits were observed between NTDC and OODC. The median total charges per record indicating ED for NTDC and OODC were $1439 and $2439, respectively. A higher rate of ED visits for NTDC was found for those aged 21–44 (aRR [95%CI] = 3.02 [2.41, 3.80], reference: 0–9 years) and those living in a less populous county (Hawaii: 1.73 [1.43, 2.07]; Kauai: 1.78 [1.45, 2.19], reference: Honolulu).ConclusionsContinued effort to improve dental health is required to reduce ED visits for oral and dental conditions among Hawaii residents, especially for vulnerable individuals.
Thing causation
Authors: Baron‐Schmitt Nathaniel 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAccording to orthodoxy, the most fundamental kind of causation involves one event causing another event. I argue against this event‐causal view. Instead, the most fundamental kind of causation is thing causation, which involves a thing causing a thing to do something. Event causation is reducible to thing causation, but thing causation is not reducible to event causation, because event causation cannot accommodate cases of fine‐grained causation. I defend my view from objections, including C. D. Broad's influential “timing” argument, and I conclude with implications for agent‐causal theories of free will.
Exploring the molecular regulation of vernalization‐induced flowering synchrony in Arabidopsis
Authors: Huang Po‐Kai , Schmitt Johanna , Runcie Daniel E. 
Published: March 2024

Summary

Many plant populations exhibit synchronous flowering, which can be advantageous in plant reproduction. However, molecular mechanisms underlying flowering synchrony remain poorly understood. We studied the role of known vernalization‐response and flower‐promoting pathways in facilitating synchronized flowering in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Using the vernalization‐responsive Col‐FRI genotype, we experimentally varied germination dates and daylength among individuals to test flowering synchrony in field and controlled environments. We assessed the activity of flowering regulation pathways by measuring gene expression across leaves produced at different time points during development and through a mutant analysis.

We observed flowering synchrony across germination cohorts in both environments and discovered a previously unknown process where flower‐promoting and repressing signals are differentially regulated between leaves that developed under different environmental conditions. We hypothesized this mechanism may underlie synchronization. However, our experiments demonstrated that signals originating from sources other than leaves must also play a pivotal role in synchronizing flowering time, especially in germination cohorts with prolonged growth before vernalization.

Our results suggest flowering synchrony is promoted by a plant‐wide integration of flowering signals across leaves and among organs. To summarize our findings, we propose a new conceptual model of vernalization‐induced flowering synchrony and provide suggestions for future research in this field.
Adaptation of the Australian National University Alzheimer's Disease Risk Index‐Short Form (ANU‐ADRI‐SF) into Turkish
Authors: Bayram Serap , Akkaş Özlem Altınbaş 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe ‘Australian National University Alzheimer's Disease Risk Index’ (ANU‐ADRI) assesses the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD) and is a potential tool for its prevention.ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to adapt the ANU‐ADRI‐SF (the short version of ANU‐ADRI) into the Turkish language and Turkish cultural context.MethodsThe study was methodological and involved the translation and intercultural adaptation of the ANU‐ADRI‐SF into the Turkish language. The study included 384 community‐based participants from a province in the Western Black Sea Region of Türkiye. Data was collected via an online form prepared using Google Forms.ResultsThe index was translated from its original language, English, into Turkish and then retranslated to English by bilingual translators. It was then reviewed and evaluated for possible issues related to translation and degrees of equivalence. When TR‐ANU‐ADRI‐SF levels were compared according to sex, the mean risk scores were found to be 11.25 ± 7.02 for males and 11.69 ± 7.99 for females. After cross‐cultural adaptation, the TR‐ANU‐ADRI‐SF was conceptually intelligible to Turkish adults.ConclusionsThe TR‐ANU‐ADRI‐SF is a valid and reliable AD risk assessment tool.Implications for practiceGiven the increase in AD and its impact on people's health, there is a great need for strategies to be implemented by health professionals to improve the lifestyle of the adult population. For use in conjunction with these strategies, a localised AD risk assessment tool that can be applied by clinicians or by individual patients has been adapted and introduced to the Turkish literature.
Methyl jasmonate inducible UGT79A18 is a novel glycosyltransferase involved in the bacoside biosynthetic pathway in Bacopa monnieri
Authors: Kumar Sunil , Singh Neeti , Lahane Vaibhavi , Tripathi Vineeta , Yadav Akhilesh Kumar , Shukla Rakesh Kumar 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBacosides are dammarane‐type triterpenoidal saponins in Bacopa monnieri and have various pharmacological applications. All the bacosides are diversified from two isomers, i.e., jujubogenin and pseudojujubogenin. The biosynthetic pathway of bacoside is not well elucidated. In the present study, we characterized a UDP‐glycosyltransferase, UGT79A18, involved in the glycosylation of pseudojujubogenin. UGT79A18 shows higher expression in response to 5 h of wounding, and 3 h of MeJA treatment. The recombinant UGT79A18 shows in vitro activity against a wide range of flavonoids and triterpenes and has a substrate preference for protopanaxadiol, a dammarane‐type triterpene. Secondary metabolite analysis of overexpression and knockdown lines of UGT79A18 in B. monnieri identify bacopasaponin D, bacopaside II, bacopaside N2 and pseudojujubogenin glucosyl rhamnoside as the major bacosides that were differentially accumulated. In the overexpression lines of UGT79A18, we found 1.7‐fold enhanced bacopaside II, 8‐fold enhanced bacopasaponin D, 3‐fold enhanced pseudojujubogenin glucosyl rhamnoside, and 1.6‐fold enhanced bacopaside N2 content in comparison with vector control plant, whereas in the knockdown lines of UGT79A18, we found 1.4‐fold reduction in bacopaside II content, 3‐fold reduction in the bacopasaponin D content, 2‐fold reduction in the pseudojujubogenin glucosyl rhamnoside content, and 1.5‐fold reduction in bacopaside N2 content in comparison with vector control. These results suggest that UGT79A18 is a significant UDP glycosyltransferase involved in glycosylating pseudojujubogenin and enhancing the pseudojujubogenin‐derived bacosides.
Looking beyond the workplace: Trade unions and the politics of poverty in Italy
Authors: Cigna Luca , Fabris Bianca Luna 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThere is ample literature to suggest that labour's interests are at odds with the extension of income protection to ‘outsiders’. Until recently, Italian unions were reluctant, if not outright obstructive, towards the introduction of a minimum income scheme (MIS). After the 2008 financial crisis and its dramatic social and economic consequences, however, the three major labour confederations supported the introduction of a national MIS, openly embracing the fight against income insecurity. Why did trade unions overturn their conservative approach and eventually support social assistance safety nets? Drawing upon textual evidence and semi‐structured interviews, the paper suggests that the Italian labour movement, albeit with differences among the confederations, has radically changed its preferences towards social assistance. Unions gradually shifted from a ‘deservingness’ logic (championing ‘hard work’) to one of reservation wage (the ‘we are all in the same boat’ narrative). Weaknesses in labour market peripheries have encouraged the labour movement to defend those at risk of poverty. The Italian case has wider implications for actors' preferences and roles in welfare reform, showing that structural and strategic factors may encourage labour to join coalitions that support welfare ‘de‐dualisation’ pathways.