bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fourteen polymorphic microsatellite loci characterized in the house sparrow Passer domesticus (Passeridae, Aves)
Authors: GRIFFITH SIMON C. , DAWSON DEBORAH A. , JENSEN HENRIK , OCKENDON NANCY , GREIG CAROLYN , NEUMANN KARSTEN , BURKE TERRY 
Published: November 2006

AbstractWe characterized 14 polymorphic microsatellite loci in the house sparrow Passer domesticus. Four loci were isolated from house sparrow genomic libraries and 10 loci were identified by testing 100 loci that had been originally isolated in other passerine species. Loci were characterized in 37–54 unrelated sparrows from British and Norwegian populations. Each locus displayed between two and 31 alleles, with the observed heterozygosity ranging between 0.30 and 0.91.
Prophylactic COX 2 Inhibitor: An End to the Yom Kippur Headache
Authors: Drescher Michael J. , Elstein Yonatan 
Published: November 2006

Introduction.—Religious fasting is associated with headache. This has been documented as “Yom Kippur Headache” and “First of Ramadan Headache.”The Cox2 inhibitor, rofecoxib, has been reported effective in preventing perimenstrual migraine and in preventing recurrence of migraine. Given its 17 hour half‐life, we undertook this study to see whether 50 mg rofecoxib taken just prior to the 25 hour Yom Kippur fast would be effective in preventing headache.Methods.—We performed a double‐blind randomized prospective trial of rofecoxib 50 mg versus placebo, taken just prior to the onset of fasting, Yom Kippur 2004. Healthy adults aged 18 to 65 were enrolled from the community and from hospital staff. Subjects completed a demographic data form and questions regarding headache history and a post‐fast survey on headache during the fast, headache intensity, general ease of fasting, and side effects.Results.—We sent out 170 forms of which 105 were completed and returned. Of those subjects receiving rofecoxib (n = 53), 10 or 18.9% versus 34 or 65.4% of the placebo group (n = 52) had headache at some point during the fast (P < .0001). Severity of headache in the treatment group was significantly less for the treatment group (3.45 vs 6.29 on a visual analog scale of 10 (P= .009)). None of those receiving rofecoxib reported a “more difficult than usual fast” whereas the distribution of difficult to easy fast among the placebo group was more even.Conclusion.—Rofecoxib 50 mg taken prior to a 25‐hour ritual fast prevents and attenuates fasting headache.
Topiramate for Migraine Prevention in Adolescents: A Pooled Analysis of Efficacy and Safety
Authors: Winner Paul , Gendolla Astrid , Stayer Catherine , Wang Steven , Yuen Eric , Battisti Wendy P. , Nye Jeffrey S. 
Published: November 2006

Objective.—To characterize the efficacy and safety of topiramate for migraine prevention in adolescents from 3 randomized, 26‐week, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trials.Background.—Limited information is available regarding the efficacy and safety of prophylactic medications for treatment of adolescent migraine, a significant health problem. In studies that included adults and children, topiramate 100 and 200 mg/day were effective and generally well‐tolerated in the prevention of migraine headache.Methods.—We performed a post hoc subset analysis of the efficacy and safety data from the 51 patients, ages 12–17 years, enrolled in 3 pivotal trials of topiramate for migraine prophylaxis.Results.—Daily treatment with topiramate 50, 100, and 200 mg for 26 weeks reduced monthly migraine frequency from baseline 46% (P= .07), 63% (P= .02), and 65% (P= .04), respectively, compared with placebo (16%). Similarly, topiramate reduced both the monthly mean number of migraine days (1, 4, and 5 days for topiramate 50, 100, and 200 mg/day, respectively, vs 1 day for placebo) and percentage of days during which acute migraine medications were administered (59%, 54%, and 67% for topiramate 50, 100, and 200 mg/day, respectively, vs 42% for placebo), although the treatment differences did not reach nominal statistical significance. Topiramate 200 mg/day did not appear to offer greater efficacy than 100 mg/day. Treatment was generally well‐tolerated, although adverse events were most frequent in the 200 mg/day dose group.Conclusions.—This post hoc subset analysis suggests that topiramate 100 and 200 mg/day, and possibly 50 mg/day, administered prophylactically for 26 weeks may reduce migraine in adolescents.
Circadian and Seasonal Variation of Migraine Attacks in Children
Authors: Soriani Stefano , Fiumana Elisa , Manfredini Roberto , Boari Benedetta , Battistella Pier Antonio , Canetta Elisabetta , Pedretti Stefania , Borgna‐Pignatti Caterina 
Published: November 2006

Object.—To investigate the rhythmicity of migraine episodes without aura in a pediatric population.Methods.—Time of occurrence of 2517 migraine attacks in 115 children was recorded, by means of a diary, both by hourly and monthly intervals.Results.—A significant circadian variation, characterized by a peak in the afternoon (P < .001) and one in the early morning (P= .002) was found. A seasonal peak was also observed between November and January, while a nadir was observed in July.Conclusions.—The clustering of attacks in the morning and midday and in autumn‐winter, with a minimum frequency in July, suggests that school activities may represent an important cause of migraine.
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia in childhood: serologic features in 100 cases
Authors: Vaglio Stefania , Arista Maria Cristina , Perrone Maria Paola , Tomei Gabriella , Testi Anna Maria , Coluzzi Serelina , Girelli Gabriella 
Published: November 2006

BACKGROUND: Red blood cell (RBC) autoimmunization is a relatively uncommon cause of anemia in children and presents some differences from those of adults. Due to its frequency, autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) in childhood has prompted very few studies, and the literature consists mostly of sporadic case histories. The objective of this study was to stress the importance of an appropriate serologic diagnosis in suspected cases.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: This report describes the immunohematologic features of 100 patients with AIHA studied in the Immunohaematologic Unit of Blood Bank, “La Sapienza” University of Rome. The patients were diagnosed in the same department from 1983 to 2003.RESULTS: The peak incidence of AIHA was in the first 4 years of life. No sex predominance was noted. Warm AIHA was the most common type of acquired immune hemolytic anemia; it comprised 64 of the 100 patients, whereas 26 patients showed a cold AIHA. Associated AIHA showed a slightly more frequent incidence (54/100) compared to idiopathic forms of AIHA (46/100).CONCLUSIONS: In this study serologic records of 100 children with confirmed AIHA are reported. This series, much larger than any previously reported, is critically reviewed and analyzed to delineate the immunologic features of the disease in childhood.
Categorical Imperatives: The Interaction of Latino and Racial Identification*
Authors: Campbell Mary E. , Rogalin Christabel L. 
Published: November 2006

Objective.Most large data sets solicit “ethnic” identification and “racial” identification in separate questions. We test the relative salience of these two identifications by exploring whether individuals who chose both a Latino “ethnic” label and a “racial” label on separate survey questions still chose both of these labels when they were given a single combined question about their racial and ethnic origins.Methods.Using the May 1995 Race and Ethnicity Supplement to the Current Population Survey, we estimate a multinomial logit model of identification choices.Results.We find that most individuals who chose a Latino label and a racial label chose a Latino‐only identification. Selection of multiple labels was more common for Latinos than non‐Latinos, however. Language use, local ethnic context, national origin, and age were all significantly related to these identification choices.Conclusion.The format of “race” and “ethnicity” questions on surveys has significant implications for the identification patterns of Latinos.
Community Heterogeneity: A Burden for the Creation of Social Capital?*
Authors: Coffé Hilde , Geys Benny 
Published: November 2006

Objective.This study examines the relationship between community heterogeneity and social capital on the local government level.Method.We apply both OLS and interval regression techniques to objective macro data of 307 Flemish municipalities for the year 2000.Results.Our results show that, after controlling for various socioeconomic characteristics of the municipality, income inequality is not significantly correlated with the municipality's level of social capital. We do find a significant negative relation between social capital and the number of nationalities within a municipality. Yet, contrary to the prevailing argument in the literature, it is not the presence of people with a clearly different ethnic‐cultural background that drives this negative relation.Conclusions.In accordance with previous international findings, municipalities with large groups of differing nationalities among its citizenry are confronted with a lower level of social capital. Importantly, however, our findings emphasize the need to distinguish between different groups of nationalities and argue for explanations beyond “simple” ethnic‐cultural disparities.
Preschool and School Readiness of Children of Immigrants*
Authors: Magnuson Katherine , Lahaie Claudia , Waldfogel Jane 
Published: November 2006

Objective. In this article, we use data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Survey—Kindergarten Cohort to analyze the links between preschool attendance and the school readiness of children of immigrants.Methods. Using data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Survey—Kindergarten Cohort, we estimate multivariate regression models for the effects of preschool on school readiness for children of immigrants and children of natives.Results. We find that children whose mothers were born outside the United States are less likely to be enrolled in school or center‐based preschool programs than other children. We find that preschool attendance raises reading and math scores as much for children of immigrants as it does for other children. Attending preschool also raises the English‐language proficiency of children of immigrants. Although not the main focus of our study, we examined the effects of Head Start, and found that this program improves children's English proficiency, with especially large effects for children of immigrants whose mothers have less than a high school education; in this latter group, Head Start also improved math scores.Conclusions. Given that preschool benefits children of immigrants as much as it does children of natives and given that children of immigrants are less likely to be enrolled, our findings strongly suggest that enrolling more children of immigrants in preschool would help reduce inequality in skills at school entry.
Delay in initial treatment contact after first onset of mental disorders in metropolitan China
Authors: Lee S. , Fung S. C. , Tsang A. , Zhang M. Y. , Huang Y. Q. , He Y. L. , Liu Z. R. , Shen Y. C. , Kessler R. C. 
Published: November 2006

Objective:  There has been no community‐based research on treatment delay among people with mental disorders in China. This study examines lifetime treatment and treatment delay in metropolitan China.Method:  A multi‐stage probability survey of 5201 respondents was administered in Beijing and Shanghai. Age of first treatment contact after onset of each of the three lifetime DSM‐IV/CIDI disorder classes was compared with retrospective information on age of disorder onset. Length and predictors of treatment delay were examined using survival analysis.Results:  Survival curves estimate that 44.7%, 25.7%, and 7.9% of people with anxiety, substance, and mood disorders, respectively, will ever make treatment contact. Delays in first treatment contact of anxiety (21 years) and substance (17 years) disorders are longer than that of mood disorders (1 year). These delays are largely unrelated to sociodemographic variables.Conclusion:  Failure to receive treatment is a pervasive phenomenon among people with mental disorders in metropolitan China.
A minimally invasive surgical technique with an enamel matrix derivative in the regenerative treatment of intra‐bony defects: a novel approach to limit morbidity
Authors: Cortellini Pierpaolo , Tonetti Maurizio S. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractAims: This study was undertaken to describe a new surgical approach (minimally invasive surgical technique, MIST) and to evaluate preliminarily its clinical performance and patient perception associated with the application of enamel matrix derivative (EMD) in the treatment of isolated deep intra‐bony defects.Methods: Thirteen deep isolated intra‐bony defects in 13 patients were surgically accessed with the MIST. This technique was designed to limit the mesio‐distal flap extension and the corono‐apical reflection in order to reduce the surgical trauma and increase flap stability. The incision of the defect‐associated papilla was performed according to the principles of the papilla preservation techniques. EMD was applied on the debrided root surfaces. Stable primary closure of the flaps was obtained with internal modified mattress sutures. Surgery was performed with the aid of an operating microscope and microsurgical instruments. Clinical outcomes were collected at baseline and at 1 year. Intra‐operative and post‐operative patient perception was also recorded.Results: Early wound healing was uneventful: primary wound closure was obtained and maintained in all sites with the exception of one site with a small wound dehiscence at week 1. No oedema or haematoma were noted. Patients did not report any pain. Three patients experienced slight discomfort for 2‐days post‐operatively. The 1‐year clinical attachment level (CAL) gain was 4.8±1.9 mm. The 1‐year percent resolution of the defect was 88.7±20.7%, and reached 100% of the baseline intra‐bony component in seven sites. Residual probing depths (PD) were 2.9±0.8 mm. Differences between baseline and 1‐year CAL and PD were both clinically and statistically highly significant (p<0.0001). A minimal increase of 0.1±0.9 mm in gingival recession between baseline and 1 year was recorded (p=0.39).Conclusions: This case cohort indicates that MIST associated with EMD resulted in excellent clinical improvements while limiting patient morbidity. These preliminary findings need to be confirmed in a larger study.
Patch testing with components of water‐based metalworking fluids: results of a multicentre study with a second series
Authors: Geier Johannes , Lessmann Holger , Becker Detlef , Bruze Magnus , Frosch Peter J. , Fuchs Thomas , Jappe Uta , Koch Patrick , Pföhler Claudia , Skudlik Christoph 
Published: November 2006

Background:  Although many allergens in metalworking fluids (MWF) are identified, there are still some MWF components, which are not sufficiently investigated concerning their sensitizing properties.Objectives:  To investigate sensitization to 10 frequently used MWF components, which are not part of the established MWF test series, in metalworkers with suspected occupational dermatitis due to MWF.Patients/Methods:  Oleyl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, dimethylolurea, 4,4′‐methylenebis morpholine, imazalil, 1‐amino‐2‐propanol (monoisopropanolamine; MIPA), 2‐amino‐2‐ethyl‐1,3‐propanediol (AEPD), 2,5‐bis(n‐octyldithio)‐1,3,4‐thiadiazole, zinc alkyl dithiophosphate and dibenzyl disulfide have been patch tested in 144 patients.Results:  7 patients reacted positively to the formaldehyde releaser 4,4′‐methylenebis morpholine, and 6 of these patients also reacted to formaldehyde and/or other formaldehyde releasers. 4 patients reacted positively to myristyl alcohol tested at 10% petrolatum (pet.). Additionally, 20 doubtful or irritant reactions occurred. 1 patient each reacted positively to oleyl alcohol, MIPA, and AEPD. None of the other test substances mentioned above elicited any clear‐cut positive reaction. Patch testing with well‐known MWF allergens showed proportions of positive reactions, which were comparable to those from other studies, e.g. 11% to monoethanolamine, 8% to colophonium and 3%–5% to various preservatives.Conclusions:  4,4′‐methylenebis morpholine may be an important MWF allergen, although clinical relevance could not be stated definitely in every case. Myristyl alcohol should not be patch tested at 10% pet., but at a lesser concentration, due to irritant properties.
Inhibition of host extracellular matrix destructive enzyme production and activity by a high‐molecular‐weight cranberry fraction
Authors: Bodet C. , Chandad F. , Grenier D. 
Published: November 2006

Background and Objective:  Periodontal diseases are a group of inflammatory disorders that are initiated by specific gram‐negative bacteria and lead to connective tissue destruction. Proteolytic enzymes, including matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and elastase, produced by resident and inflammatory cells in response to periodontopathogens and their products, play a major role in gingival tissue destruction. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a high‐molecular‐weight fraction prepared from cranberry juice concentrate on MMP‐3, MMP‐9 and elastase activities, as well as on MMP production by human cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans.Material and Methods:  MMP‐3 and MMP‐9 production by gingival fibroblasts and macrophages treated with the cranberry fraction and then stimulated with lipopolysaccharide was measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. MMP‐3, MMP‐9 and elastase activities in the presence of the cranberry fraction were evaluated using colorimetric or fluorogenic substrates. The changes in expression and phosphorylation state of fibroblast intracellular signaling proteins induced by A. actinomycetemcomitans lipopolysaccharide and the cranberry fraction were characterized by antibody microarrays.Results:  The lipopolysaccharide‐induced MMP‐3 and MMP‐9 responses of fibroblasts and macrophages were inhibited in a dose‐dependent manner by the cranberry fraction. This fraction was found to inhibit fibroblast intracellular signaling proteins, a phenomenon that may lead to a down‐regulation of activating protein‐1 activity. MMP‐3, MMP‐9 and elastase activities were also efficiently inhibited by the cranberry fraction, even when it was used at low concentrations.Conclusion:  These results suggest that cranberry compounds offer promising perspectives for the development of novel host‐modulating strategies for an adjunctive treatment of periodontitis.
Absence of association between two insertion/deletion coding genetic polymorphisms of TIM‐1 gene and asthma in Chinese Han population
Authors: Li J. S. , Liu Q. J. , Wang P. , Li H. C. , Wei C. H. , Guo C. H. , Gong Y. Q. 
Published: November 2006

SummaryTIM‐1, a member of T‐cell immunoglobulin domain and mucin domain (TIM) gene family, was implicated as an asthma susceptibility gene in previous studies. TIM‐1 was expressed on CD4+ T cells after activation and its expression was sustained preferentially in T‐helper type 2 (TH2) but not in TH1 cells, therefore TIM‐1 became a good candidate gene for atopic diseases. Recent studies indicated that two insertion/deletion (ins/del) coding genetic polymorphisms in exon 4 of TIM‐1 were associated with asthma susceptibility in some but not in all populations. In order to investigate the relationship between TIM‐1 genetic polymorphisms and asthma in Chinese Han population, we performed a case‐control study for two insertion/deletion polymorphisms in TIM‐1 exon 4 (5383_5397ins/del and 5509_5511delCAA) and a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in intron 8 (IVS 8+9 G/A) between a healthy control group of 309 people and an asthma patient group of 352 people recruited from Chinese Han population. The polymorphisms were genotyped and the allele and genotype frequencies were analysed, but none of the three polymorphisms showed association with asthma susceptibility in single‐locus association analyses. Linkage disequilibrium (LD) analyses demonstrated that the two insertion/deletion polymorphisms were in strong LD but the haplotypes constructed from these two polymorphisms showed no significant association with asthma. In conclusion, our findings suggest that 5383_5397ins/del, 5509_5511delCAA and SNP IVS 8+9 G/A polymorphisms are not associated with asthma susceptibility in Chinese Han population.
A Multilevel System for High‐Resolution Monitoring in Rotasonic Boreholes
Authors: Parker Beth L. , Cherry John A. , Swanson Benjamin J. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractA modular multilevel system was adapted for high‐resolution, depth‐discrete monitoring of hydraulic head and ground water quality in rotasonic boreholes or boreholes produced with similar dual‐casing drilling methods. The system accommodates up to 15 monitoring intervals within one hole and can be used to monitor overburden and/or bedrock to depths of 100 m (330 feet) or more. It is most effective where static water levels are shallower than 9 m (30 feet) below ground surface. Sand packs around each monitoring port define the monitoring interval, and bentonite seals placed above and below each sand pack isolate the intervals. Each sand and bentonite layer has a practical minimum length of 0.5 m (1.6 feet); therefore, a 15 port system can monitor, with maximum detail, a minimum vertical span of 15 m (50 feet). All system components, primarily flush joint polyvinyl chloride (PVC) casing segments, stainless steel ports, Teflon® tubing, and PVC centralizers, are commercially available and require little preconstruction. An open 6‐mm (¼‐inch) inner diameter tube is connected to each port for manual hydraulic head measurements and water sampling with a peristaltic pump. To assess installation and performance of the new system, nine rotasonic holes in overburden and bedrock between 20‐ and 30‐m (65‐ and 100‐feet) deep were monitored at two sites. This detailed vertical monitoring provided important information on hydraulic head and contaminant distributions that would have been missed with fewer monitoring intervals. The monitoring system offers unique advantages where detailed monitoring in heterogeneous settings is needed to understand ground water flow and contaminant migration or evaluate the performance of remediation efforts.
Taxonomic review of the Cleridae (Coleoptera) in Korea (Part 3): Korynetinae, Tarsosteninae and Tillinae
Authors: KIM Jin Ill , JUNG Boo Hee 
Published: November 2006

AbstractA taxonomic review of three clerid subfamilies (Korynetinae, Tarsosteninae and Tillinae) in Korea is presented in this paper. Eight species, including Opetiopalpus sabulos (Motschulsky, 1840), a new Korean record, are reported. A key to the Korean species, genera and subfamilies, description, habitus photographs of adults, and illustrations of diagnostic characters are provided.
Binding of Glucuronoxylomannan to the CD14 Receptor in Human A549 Alveolar Cells Induces Interleukin-8 Production
Authors: Barbosa Fabiane M. , Fonseca Fernanda L. , Figueiredo Rodrigo T. , Bozza Marcelo T. , Casadevall Arturo , Nimrichter Leonardo , Rodrigues Marcio L. 
Published: November 2006

ABSTRACT

Glucuronoxylomannan (GXM) is the major capsular polysaccharide of
Cryptococcus neoformans
. GXM receptors have been characterized in phagocytes and endothelial cells, but epithelial molecules recognizing the polysaccharide remain unknown. In the current study, we demonstrate that GXM binds to the CD14 receptor in human type II alveolar epithelial cells, resulting in the production of the proinflammatory chemokine interleukin-8.