bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute reversible parkinsonism in Epstein–Bbarr virus–related encephalitis lethargica‐like illness
Authors: Dimova Petia S. , Bojinova Veneta , Georgiev Dimitar , Milanov Ivan 
Published: October 2005

AbstractA 10‐year‐old boy presented with fever, headache, vomiting, and hypersomnolence. An akinetic–rigid syndrome with tremor, dysphagia, dysphonia, and sialorrhea, as well as pyramidal signs, developed. Slightly elevated protein content was found in the cerebrospinal fluid and serological investigations were suggestive of a primary Epstein–Barr virus infection. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed massive bilateral hyperintense striatal and punctiform periventricular lesions. After 2‐month treatment with steroids and antiparkinsonian drugs, all features resolved without sequelae. Control MRI demonstrated only minimal residual lesions in both putamina. Strongly resembling the encephalitis lethargica‐like syndrome, this case is an unusual presentation of parainfectious acute disseminated encephalitis. © 2005 Movement Disorder Society
Corticomuscular coherence is increased in the small postural tremor of Parkinson's disease
Authors: Caviness John N. , Shill Holly A. , Sabbagh Marwan N. , Evidente Virgilio G.H. , Hernandez Jose L. , Adler Charles H. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThe mechanisms and electrophysiological characteristics of the postural tremor in Parkinson's disease (PD) have not been defined. We hypothesized that PD subjects with small amplitude postural tremor would show increased corticomuscular coherence at certain frequencies compared to PD subjects without visible tremor. Four groups of participants were studied: (1) Control without postural tremor, (2) Control with small amplitude postural tremor, (3) PD without postural tremor, and (4) PD with small amplitude postural tremor. Accelerometry and electroencephalography–electromyography fast‐fourier transform and corticomuscular coherence spectra were generated. Findings showed (1) elevated corticomuscular coherence centered at 12–18 Hz in PD with small amplitude postural tremor; (2) 5–12 Hz accelerometer frequency peaks that did not shift with increasing weight loads in some individuals; and (3) 5–8 Hz accelerometer peaks that shifted frequency with increasing weight loads, consistent with a peripheral‐mechanical oscillator in all groups. The small amplitude postural tremor in PD arises from heterogeneous oscillator mechanisms. The discovery of increased corticomuscular coupling shows cortical involvement in the small amplitude postural tremor of PD. © 2005 Movement Disorder Society
Association between restless legs syndrome and essential tremor
Authors: Ondo William G. , Lai Dejian 
Published: October 2005

AbstractAfter observing that several families with essential tremor (ET) clinically cosegregated with restless legs syndrome (RLS), we prospectively evaluated for the presence of RLS in 100 patients presenting to the Baylor College of Medicine with ET and prospectively examined all patients presenting with RLS for the presence of tremor during the same time frame. Of 100 consecutive ET patients (60 women and 75 with a family history of ET) seen over 19 weeks (current age, 65.2 ± 16.3 years; age at tremor onset, 37.8 ± 19.9 years) 33 met all criteria for RLS, of which 25 had never been diagnosed previously. A family history of RLS was reported in 57.6% of these 33 patients and was the only significant predictor of RLS in the ET population. Their International Restless Legs Syndrome Rating Scale score was 16.6 ± 8.1. Over 19 weeks, we also examined 68 consecutive RLS patients (63.2% women and 54.4% with a family history of RLS) for the presence of tremor. Their current age was 55.8 ± 14.4 years, and age at RLS onset was 33.7 ± 19.5 years. Overtly pathological tremor was rare, but trace tremor was very common. Overall, we found a very high rate of undiagnosed RLS in patients presenting for tremor, but unlike other “secondary” forms of RLS, this finding was also associated with a high familial history of RLS, suggesting that they share some genetic similarities. © 2005 Movement Disorder Society
[123I]‐FP/CIT SPECT imaging for distinguishing drug‐induced parkinsonism from Parkinson's disease
Authors: Lorberboym Mordechai , Treves Therese A. , Melamed Eldad , Lampl Yair , Hellmann Mark , Djaldetti Ruth 
Published: October 2005

AbstractParkinsonism in patients taking neuroleptic medications might be induced by dopamine receptor blockade alone or by dopamine blockade with nigrostriatal dysfunction. The differentiation between Parkinson's disease (PD) and drug‐induced parkinsonism (DIP) is difficult to assess on clinical grounds alone. In this study, we have evaluated the clinical characteristics and striatal binding of 123I‐FP‐CIT (N‐ω‐fluoropropyl‐2β‐carboxymethoxy‐3β‐{4‐iodophenyl}tropane) in patients who developed DIP. A total of 20 patients (mean age, 62 ± 13 years) who developed parkinsonism while on neuroleptic agents and 10 age‐matched controls were enrolled. [123]‐FP‐CIT single‐photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) was performed in all subjects. Neurological assessment was performed with the Motor part of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale. [123]‐FP‐CIT binding of the entire striatum, caudate, and putamen was calculated. Patients were divided into two subgroups according to SPECT results for comparison of clinical characteristics. There were 9 patients who had normal scans and 11 who showed significantly diminished striatal binding, suggesting degeneration of the nigrostriatal system. Subanalyses of abnormal scans revealed significantly diminished binding in the caudate (P < 0.001 for right and left caudate) and putamen (P = 0.002 and P < 0.05 for right and left putamen, respectively). There were no differences in clinical features between patients with normal and abnormal scans. Symptoms included asymmetric tremor, bradykinesia, and rigidity in both groups. Freezing gait was present in two patients with normal scans. These results indicate that DIP is clinically indistinguishable from PD. Brain imaging with FP‐CIT helps to determine whether DIP is entirely drug‐induced or an exacerbation of subclinical PD. © 2005 Movement Disorder Society
Association of α‐synuclein Rep1 polymorphism and Parkinson's disease: Influence of Rep1 on age at onset
Authors: Hadjigeorgiou Georgios M. , Xiromerisiou Georgia , Gourbali Vanessa , Aggelakis Kostantinos , Scarmeas Nikolaos , Papadimitriou Alexandros , Singleton Andrew 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThe α‐synuclein Rep1 polymorphism was studied in patients and controls in an ethnic Greek population. There was an association of allele 2 with risk of Parkinson's disease (PD; adjusted odd ratio = 3.25; 95% CI = 1.80–5.87). Survival analyses (Cox proportional hazards models) were employed to explore the influence of genotypes on age at onset of PD. Age at onset of carriers of at least one Rep1 allele 2 was earlier (3.6 years) compared to noncarriers (adjusted hazard ratio = 2.21; 95% CI = 1.58–3.10). Kaplan–Meier analysis also supported a dosage effect of Rep1 allele 2 on age at onset. For Rep1 allele 1, there was neither association with risk of PD nor influence on age at onset. This is the first study showing an influence of Rep1 polymorphism on age at onset of PD. © 2005 Movement Disorder Society
Parkinsonism, dysautonomia, and intranuclear inclusions in a fragile X carrier: A clinical–pathological study
Authors: Louis Elan , Moskowitz Carol , Friez Michael , Amaya Maria , Vonsattel Jean Paul G. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractA new tremor–ataxia syndrome, fragile X–associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS), has been described among carriers of premutation expansions (55–200 CGG repeats) of the fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) gene. The prevalence of FMR1 premutation alleles has been reported to be 1 in 813 among men. Patients with FXTAS may also have features of parkinsonism. Postmortem findings have been described in eight patients with FXTAS and detailed descriptions of the pathological features of this syndrome have been published in two of these. We present a detailed description of the postmortem findings in a third patient. The patient had parkinsonism and was a carrier of a premutation expansion in the FMR1 gene. As in previous reports, the most prominent finding was the presence of eosinophilic nuclear inclusions in neurons and astrocytes, loss of Purkinje cells, and regional vacuolation of the cerebral white matter. As in one previous report, nuclear inclusions were also present in ependymal and choroid plexus cells. A new finding is that of nuclear inclusions in both the adeno‐ and neurohypophysis. These findings confirm the diffuse nature of this pathology. Further studies of clinical–pathological correlation in a larger sample of brains would provide additional insight into the mechanisms of the tremor, ataxia, and parkinsonism in these patients. © 2005 Movement Disorder Society
Design of an integrated antenna for automotive systems
Authors: Azaro R. , Boato G. , De Natale F. , Franceschini G. , Martini A. , Massa A. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThis paper describes the design process of an integrated antenna for an automotive rescue system. In order to fulfill the antenna‐design requirements in different frequency bands and minimize the interference phenomena arising from the integration of different classes of antennas in a single device, a two‐phases stochastic‐optimization approach is used. The experimental validation carried out on the developed prototype confirms the effectiveness of the proposed approach. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 47: 513–515, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21214
Phase‐noise reduction of voltage‐controlled dielectric resonator oscillator for the X‐band
Authors: Yom In‐Bok , Shin Dong‐Hwan , Ryu Keun‐Kwan , Oh Seung‐Hyeub , Lee Moon‐Que 
Published: October 2005

AbstractA different approach for phase‐noise reduction of a HEMT VCDRO (voltage‐controlled dielectric resonator oscillator) with coupled microstriplines to tune the oscillating frequency is investigated. Two HEMT VCDROs of 9.8 GHz are manufactured in the same configuration, except for the frequency‐control circuit, in order to empirically demonstrate the phase‐noise reduction. The experimental results show that the phase‐noise reduction can be enhanced 8 dBc/Hz at 100‐KHz offset frequency by using a frequency‐controlled circuit with coupled microstriplines, as compared to the conventional VCDRO. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 47: 515–518, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21215
Dual‐polarized corner‐fed patch antenna array with high isolation
Authors: Liang Xian‐Ling , Zhong Shun‐Shi , Wang Wei 
Published: October 2005

AbstractA 16 × 1‐element microstrip antenna array with dual‐polarized stacked corner‐fed square patches as its elements is presented. This linear array fed by the coplanar feed and the slot‐coupled feed for dual polarization, respectively, together with the pair‐wise anti‐phase feeding technique, achieves measured port isolation better than 33 dB with the maximum reaching 43 dB in the bandwidth of 9.375–9.825 GHz. The measured bandwidths of VSWR ≤ 1.5 reach 15% and 13.5% for the two ports, respectively, and the measured gain is better than 16.7 dB in the operating bandwidth, which are suitable for synthetic aperture radar (SAR) application. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 47: 520–522, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21217
A solution expressed in terms of UTD coefficients for the analysis of the multiple diffraction in urban areas with shadowing caused by terrain effects
Authors: Rodríguez José‐Víctor , Molina‐García‐Pardo José‐María , Juan‐Llácer Leandro 
Published: October 2005

AbstractA function expressed in terms of uniform theory of diffraction (UTD) coefficients for the analysis of multiple diffraction in urban areas where a bare wedge‐shaped hill causes shadowing of the transmitter from the receiver (a non‐line‐of‐sight situation) is presented. The solution, validated by numerical results from the technical literature, has a good computational efficiency and increases the versatility over existing formulation, thus allowing study of the abovementioned environment when a small number of buildings is considered as well as when a spherical‐wave incidence over these latter is assumed. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 47: 523–525, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21218
Enhancements to the FDTD method for steady‐state power‐deposition analysis in microwave‐heating cavities
Authors: George Jacob , Muktoyuk Mark , Bergman Richard 
Published: October 2005

AbstractWe describe two enhancements to the finite‐difference time‐domain (FDTD) method for the steady‐state power‐dissipation analysis of microwave‐heating cavities. The first enhancement accounts for the accumulated numerical errors in the simulation due to nonphysical reflection effects from the absorbing boundary condition (ABC). The second enhancement is a new convergence metric for the determination of steady state, using the variance of the power‐balance error in the system over a number of excitation periods. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 47: 530–534, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21220
A broadband printed bow‐tie antenna with a simplified balanced feed
Authors: Zheng Guiping , Kishk Ahmed A. , Glisson Allen W. , Yakovlev Alexander B. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractA broadband printed bow‐tie antenna with a simplified balanced feeding network and modified tapering is presented. Microstrip and parallel‐strip transmission lines printed on the substrate with high dielectric permittivity realize the proposed feeding network. The ground‐plane transition between the microstrip line and the parallel‐strip line is exponentially tapered so as to reduce the reflection losses and produce a balanced feed for the antenna. This printed bow‐tie antenna achieves a 68% measured bandwidth and a stable radiation pattern within the X‐band. Commercial FEM software is used for optimization of the bow‐tie antenna and the simulation results agree very well with the experiment. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 47: 534–536, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21221
Microwave imaging of concealed metal objects using a novel indirect holographic method
Authors: Elsdon M. , Smith D. , Leach M. , Foti S. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractA novel, inexpensive technique for the detection of concealed metal objects is presented and discussed. It is shown that an indirect holographic method, usually employed at optical frequencies, can be adapted to image objects at microwave frequencies. The practical results successfully demonstrate that this technique can be used to determine the location and shape of the concealed object. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 47: 536–537, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21222
Coplanar‐patch transition between coplanar line and rectangular waveguide at 60 GHz
Authors: Hallbjörner Paul 
Published: October 2005

AbstractA type of transition between coplanar line and rectangular waveguide is presented. In this paper, which consists of a resonant patch in the broad wall of the waveguide. Etching the transition gives high accuracy, thereby making the transition suitable for millimeter‐wave applications. A 60‐GHz design is presented with the measured results. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 47: 537–539, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21223
New multiband printed meander antenna for wireless applications
Authors: Liu Yu‐Seng , Sun Jwo‐Shiun , Lu Rui‐Han , Lee Yi‐Jay 
Published: October 2005

AbstractTwo different geometries of antennas are proposed to satisfy the applications for WLAN/HIPERLAN/ISM triple band. The designed antenna with a meander‐line antenna and one or two inverted planar L‐shaped antennas used to excite three distinct resonant modes is proposed. The experimental results show fairly good agreement with those of the simulation. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 47: 539–543, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21224
Antenna‐coupled microbolometers on a silicon‐nitride membrane
Authors: González F. J. , Ilic B. , Boreman G. D. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractSquare‐spiral antenna‐coupled microbolometers made of gold and chrome are fabricated on a silicon‐nitride membrane. The membrane gives mechanical stability and thermal isolation to the detectors so that they can be used as picture elements in commercial infrared‐imaging systems. The fabricated devices are measured under room pressure and under vacuum, giving D* values of 3 × 106 cm$\sqrt{Hz}$/W and 1.7 × 107 cm$\sqrt{Hz}$/W, respectively. By using vanadium‐oxide, values well above 1 × 108 cm$\sqrt{Hz}$/W for D* can be obtained. Variations to the fabrication process that will allow the use of vanadium oxide are suggested. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 47: 246–248, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21226
Extension of the analytical modelling of resistive loaded thin‐wire antennas to Gaussian derivatives excitations
Authors: Sagnard F. , Vignat C. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThe transient electric field radiated from a thin‐wire dipole antenna resistively loaded and excited by a voltage signal in the shape of the Gaussian derivatives is analyzed. The modelling presented in this paper is formulated in the time domain using an inverse Fourier transform of the analytical expressions obtained by Wu and King in the frequency domain. Such a modelling appears as an extension of previous developments, as it allows us to consider any Gaussian derivatives as excitation signals as well as the presence of a nonnegligible impedance in the feeding circuit. Parameter studies are presented to analyze the waveforms and the energy radiated in the far‐field zone. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 47: 548–553, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21227
Artificial neural network for computing the resonant frequency of circular patch antennas
Authors: Ouchar A. , Aksas R. , Baudrand H. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractIn this paper, an artificial neural network (ANN) model for computing the resonant frequency of circular patch antennas (CPA) based on the feed‐forward network and back‐propagation algorithm is presented. The network is trained with the data obtained from CPA measurements. The network is trained by varying the patch radius, the height of the substrate, and the dielectric permittivity. The parameters of the proposed ANN model are the learning rate (0.0125), the number of epochs for training (399), the performance goal (1 × 10−5) and the parameters for the network, the number of hidden layers (two), with 20 neurons for each hidden layer, three neurons for the input layer, and a single neuron in the output layer. the results obtained from the trained neural network are compared with the values obtained from mathematical computations and from measurements presented in other works. The proposed ANN with two hidden layers gives accurate results and requires no additional training epochs. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 47: 564–566, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21230
Characteristics of superstrate‐loaded circular polarization square‐ring microstrip antennas on thick substrate
Authors: Sim Chow‐Yen‐Desmond , Row Jeen‐Sheen , Chen Ming‐Yu 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThe characteristics of circular‐polarization (CP) square‐ring microstrip antennas loaded with superstrate are studied in this paper. Firstly, several CP antenna prototypes with various substrate thicknesses and inner‐slot sizes are designed, and they are excited by a coupling‐strip feed in order to overcome the high‐impedance problem of the square‐ring microstrip antenna. Then, superstrates with different thicknesses and permittivities are attached to the antenna prototypes in order to evaluate their effects on the CP performances. The experimental results show that the effects are more obvious for the square‐ring microstrip antenna with a larger inner‐slot size. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 47: 567–570, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21231
Microstrip parallel‐line coupler to perform broadband optically controlled phase‐shifting
Authors: El Khaldi M. , Podevin F. , Vilcot A. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThis paper presents an optically controlled broadband phase‐shifter using a parallel‐line coupler, that takes advantage of high‐resistivity silicon photo‐absorption at 840 nm. A continuously variable phase‐shifting of 120° is achieved at 11 GHz with Δ|S21| < 5 dB and with |S11| < −15 dB in a large frequency band (6–15 GHz). © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 47: 570–573, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21232
A multifrequency coaxial‐fed metal coated dielectric resonator antenna
Authors: Hamsakutty V. , Praveen Kumar A. V. , Bindu G. , Thomas Vinu , Lonappan Anil , Yohannan Jaimon , Mathew K. T. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractA simple metal‐coated dielectric resonator antenna with a coaxial feed producing multiple frequencies with similar polarization is reported. The characteristics of the antenna at all these frequencies are measured. The experimental results show that, the antenna produces broad patterns at all the operating frequencies. This antenna finds applications in frequency‐agile systems. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 47: 573–575, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21233
An efficient method for measuring the parameters of single‐mode anisotropic slab waveguides using the prism‐coupling technique
Authors: Gao Fubin , Du Guotong , Vannadeth  , Zhang Ping , Lun Fengyan 
Published: October 2005

AbstractAn efficient method for measuring the parameters of anisotropic slab waveguides is presented in this paper. This method can be used to measure the parameters of single‐mode anisotropic slab waveguides. The measured results show that the errors of the refractive indices are within 4.2 × 10−4. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 47: 575–580, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21234
CPW‐fed triangular monopole antenna for ultra‐wideband operation
Authors: Liu Wen‐Chung , Kao Ping‐Chi 
Published: October 2005

AbstractA novel ultra‐wideband design of a single‐layer coplanar waveguide (CPW)‐fed triangular planar monopole antenna is proposed. The proposed antenna, which includes two notched ground planes only 24 mm in width and 31 mm in height, experimentally reaches a measured −10‐dB impedance bandwidth of 9.8 GHz (from 3.05 to 12.85 GHz), covering the WPAN standard. Good monopolelike radiation patterns and antenna gains are also obtained. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 47: 580–582, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21235