bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of parents' stress on parents' and young childrens' mental health—Short‐ and long‐term effects of risk and resilience factors in families with children aged 0–3 in a representative sample
Authors: Löchner Johanna , Ulrich Susanne M. , Lux Ulrike 
Published: April 2024

AbstractStress in parents has a significant impact on parenting and infant's development. However, few studies have examined cross‐sectional and longitudinal links on risk and resilience of burdened families. Thus, this study aimed to investigate subjective risk and resilience factors on family well‐being. Data stem from the 2015 nationwide study “Children in Germany” (“Kinder in Deutschland” – KiD 0–3). Parents of children aged zero to 3 years (N = 8.063) were recruited from random probability‐sampled paediatric clinics (n = 271) across Germany. Risk and resilience variables such as parents' perceived stress (PSS‐4), competence, isolation and attachment (PSI), as well as parental inner anger (items from CAP), relationship quality (DAS‐4) and the child's negative emotionality (items from SGKS) were assessed at baseline in addition to demographic variables to predict parents' mental health (PHQ‐4) and negative emotionality of the child at baseline (T1) and in the 2‐year follow‐up (T2) using linear regression models. At baseline, parents' mental health was predicted by inner anger, the child's negative emotionality and being a single parent (R2 = 45.1%) at baseline, but only by parenting competence at the two‐year‐follow‐up (R2 = 25.1%). The child's negative emotionality was predicted (R2 = 27.5%) by the child's age, and parental inner anger and competence, attachment, perceived stress, mental health as well as education background. At two‐year‐follow‐up, the child's age, single parenthood, social welfare benefit, child's negative emotionality at baseline, relationship quality and competence were significant predictor variables (R2 = 22.8%). This study highlights the impact of specific risk and resilience factors not only on parents' mental health but also the child's negative emotionality in the short and long‐term in early childhood. Universal, but also selective prevention programs should increase parents' resilience (e.g., focusing on self‐efficacy, competence, coping strategies).
Gas Release as an Efficient Strategy to Tune Mechanical Properties and Thermoresponsiveness of Dynamic Molecular Crystals
Authors: Das Susobhan , Catalano Luca , Geerts Yves 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDynamic molecular crystals combining multiple and finely tunable functionalities are attracting and an increasing attention due to their potential applications in a broad range of fields as efficient energy transducers and stimuli‐responsive materials. In this context, a multicomponent organic salt, piperazinium trifluoroacetate (PZTFA), endowed with an unusual multidimensional responsive landscape is reported. Crystals of the salt undergo smooth plastic deformation under mechanical stress and thermo‐induced jumping. Furthermore, via controlled crystal bending and release of trifluoroacetic acid from the lattice, which is anticipated from the design of the material, both the mechanical response and the thermoresponsive behavior are efficiently tuned while partially preserving the crystallinity of the system. In particular, mechanical deformation hampers guest release and hence the macroscopic jumping effect, while trifluoroacetic acid release stiffens the crystals. These complex adaptive responses establish a new crystal engineering strategy to gain further control over dynamic organic crystals.
Orientation Manipulation and Defect Passivation for Perovskite Solar Cells by a Natural Compound
Authors: Ouyang Yunfei , Ou Zeping , Mwakitawa Ibrahim Mwamburi , Xia Tianyu , Pan Yi , Wang Can , Gao Qin , Zhang Bo , Chen Kun , He Zijuan , Shumilova Tatyana , Guo Bing , Zheng Yujie , Jiang Tingming , Ma Zhu , Sun Kuan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDifferent facets in perovskite crystals exhibit distinct atomic arrangements, influencing their electronic, physical, and chemical properties. Perovskite films incorporating tin oxide (SnO2) as the electron transport layer face challenges in facet regulation. This study reveals that tea saponin (TS), a natural compound serves as a SnO2 modifier, facilitates optimal growth of perovskite crystals on the (111) facet. The modification promotes preferential crystal orientation through hydrogen bond and Lewis coordination. TS forms a chelate with SnO2, resulting in a smoother film and n‐type doping, leading to improved carrier extraction and reduced defects. The TS‐modified perovskite solar cells achieve a champion efficiency of 24.2%, leveraging from an obvious enhancement of open‐circuit voltage (Voc) of 1.18 V and fill factor (FF) of 82.8%. The devices also demonstrate enhanced humidity tolerance and storage stability, ensuring improved stability without encapsulation.
Intelligent jamming detection‐based robust principal components analysis in communication system for security and defense
Authors: Moumena Ahmed , Saim Haddache Imane 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThreats to physical layer security from jamming attacks make wireless cognitive communication systems vulnerable. Global Positioning System signal is vulnerable to these attacks. Over the last decade, several types of jamming detection techniques have been proposed, antijamming‐based classical and machine learning (ML) techniques. Most of these techniques are inefficient in detecting jammers. Thus, there is a great need for efficient and quickest jamming detection technique‐based classifier using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for different threshold values with high accuracy. In this work, we compare the efficiency of the proposed orthogonal distance (OD) and score distance (SD) method‐based robust principal component analysis (PCA) in ML classification in detecting jamming signals. Two hypotheses are proposed to distinguish between the presence and absence attack problem. Using this compressed data matrix obtained from modulated wideband converter (MWC) structure via centralized cooperation directly as input of the proposed classifier combined‐based ROC curve for real‐time detection scenarios. The performance of this proposed algorithm‐based robust PCA was evaluated and compared using the detection anomaly rate (DAR%), and false alarm rate (FAR%), area under curve (AUC), and accuracy. The performance of obtained results is good.
Single‐cell and bulk RNA‐sequencing reveal SPP1 and CXCL12 as cell‐to‐cell communication markers to predict prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Xiao Zengtuan , Nian Zhe , Zhang Mengzhe , Liu Zuo , Zhang Pengpeng , Zhang Zhenfa 
Published: April 2024

AbstractLung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) generally presents as an immunosuppressive microenvironment. The characteristics of cell‐to‐cell communication in the LUAD microenvironment has been unclear. In this study, the LUAD bulk RNA‐seq data and single‐cell RNA‐seq data were retrieved from public dataset. Differential expression genes (DEGs) between LUAD tumor and adjacent non‐tumor tissues were calculated by limma algorithm, and then detected by PPI, KEGG, and GO analysis. Cell–cell interactions were explored using the single‐cell RNA‐seq data. Finally, the first 15 CytoHubba genes were used to establish related pathways and these pathways were used to characterize the immune‐related ligands and their receptors in LUAD. Our analyses showed that monocytes or macrophages interact with tissue stem cells and NK cells via SPP1 signaling pathway and tissue stem cells interact with T and B cells via CXCL signaling pathway in different states. Hub genes of SPP1 participated in SPP1 signaling pathway, which was negatively correlated with CD4+ T cell and CD8+ T cell. The expression of SPP1 in LUAD tumor tissues was negatively correlated with the prognosis. While CXCL12 participated in CXCL signaling pathway, which was positively correlated with CD4+ T cell and CD8+ T cell. The role of CXCL12 in LUAD tumor tissues exhibits an opposite effect to that of SPP1. This study reveals that tumor‐associated monocytes or macrophages may affect tumor progression. Moreover, the SPP1 and CXCL12 may be the critic genes of cell‐to‐cell communication in LUAD, and targeting these pathways may provide a new molecular mechanism for the treatment of LUAD.
Mental Health Friendly Territories: Strategy for the implementation of the Mental Health Policy in Colombia
Authors: Agudelo‐Hernández Felipe , Salazar Vieira Luz María , Plata‐Casas Laura Inés 
Published: April 2024

AbstractEvidence‐based practices in mental health have been proposed globally and have been adopted in Colombia. However, implementation problems often make it difficult for these initiatives to contribute to people's well‐being. The objective of the present study is to describe a strategy for implementing the components of global mental health in two complex Colombian territories: Chocó and La Guajira. These components are a primary health‐care approach, continuity of care, anti‐stigma, mental health as a human right, mental health in all policies, and a community model of recovery. A monitoring system was created for the reporting of these components by each territory. An appropriation of all the components by the health systems of both territories was found, as mobilization of existing technical resources in the territories and the strengthening of capacities at the administrative, clinical, and community levels, in addition to the articulation of all the strategies proposed at the level global for recovery. Innovation processes built in a participatory manner with communities can favor the implementation of evidence‐based practices and public policies in mental health in territories where social determinants make recovery a challenge.
Introduction
Authors: Zinke-Wehlmann Christian , Friedrich Julia 
Published: April 2024

ZusammenfassungTechnologische Innovationen verändern die Art und Weise, wie Gesellschaften funktionieren. Sie bieten bspw. einen besseren Zugang zu Wissen, eine individuellere Produktentwicklung, ermöglichen es, neue Geschäftsfelder zu erschließen oder Bürokratie abzubauen. Folglich geht die digitale Transformation in Organisationen über die bloße Übernahme innovativer Technologien wie künstliche Intelligenz hinaus. Sie erstreckt sich auf die gesamte Organisation, einschließlich ihrer Strukturen, Prozesse und Mitarbeitender. Besonders kleine und mittlere Unternehmen (KMU) stehen von der Herausforderung diese Technologien zu adaptieren und Möglichkeiten zu finden, diese mit zu gestalten - oft fehlen hier aber die Ressourcen. Jüngste Entwicklungen wie die EU-Verordnungen über künstliche Intelligenz (KI) und Krisen wie unterbrochene Lieferketten, Fachkräftemangel und Klimawandel haben die Situation für Unternehmen noch schwieriger gemacht. Das Konzept der Industrie 5.0, das als nächster evolutionärer Schritt in der Entwicklung der Industrie angesehen wird, zielt darauf ab, diese Anforderungen zu erfüllen. Industrie 5.0 wird als zukunftssicherer, widerstandsfähiger, nachhaltiger und menschenzentrierter beschrieben. Menschenzentrierte Ansätze sollten als Haupttreiber und Innovationsfaktor für die Industrie 5.0 anerkannt werden. Ein menschenzentrierter Ansatz für die digitale Transformation erfordert, die Bedürfnisse und Interessen der Menschen stärker zu berücksichtigen anstatt alleinig auf die Technologie zu fokussieren. Das Ziel der AI Tomorrow Konferenz ist es, diesen Diskurs zu fördern, indem die nachhaltige und menschenzentrierte Perspektive der digitalen Transformation in den Mittelpunkt der wissenschaftlichen Diskussion gestellt werden. Die erste AI Tomorrow-Konferenz bot Wissenschaftler:innen unterschiedlicher Forschungsdisziplinen Raum, Herausforderungen und Ideen für die Zukunft der KI zu diskutieren.
Identification of Machine Learning Algorithms to Share Tacit Experimental Knowledge in Manual Production
Authors: Prange Christian , Beikzadeh Amin , Dander Holger , Ottersböck Nicole 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis paper presents the research project “KI_eeper – Know-how to keep” and a first technical research. In this project, tacit experiential knowledge of employees is to be recorded and processed by using artificial intelligence to make it available to inexperienced workers due to a digital assistance system.First, the difference between tacit and explicit knowledge is briefly explained. The existing case studies will then be examined in more detail and it will be explained why artificial intelligence is necessary for a general solution to identify and storage knowledge in this research project.Subsequently, various machine learning models and algorithms will be considered, which could be used for a potential technical solution.
AI-Powered Knowledge and Expertise Mining in Healthcare from a Field Experiment
Authors: Kauper Julia , Franke Susanne , Franke Felix , Grieshammer Steven 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWith the increasing prevalence of mobile applications across various domains, there is a growing demand for individualised and self-adaptive learning pathways. This is particularly important in the mobile health sector, where there is a critical need to investigate how expert and experiential knowledge can be acquired, digitalised and formalised into data which is subsequently processed and further used. To address this demand, our research explores how Artificial Intelligence (AI) can power this process. We developed a prototype mobile application with a standardised learning pathway that features speech-language therapy exercises of varying levels of difficulty. In a 12-week field experiment involving 21 individuals with aphasia, we analysed the results using supervised and unsupervised algorithms. Our findings suggest that AI has the potential to generate new knowledge, such as identifying features that can determine which learning words are perceived as easier or more difficult on an inter-individual basis. This knowledge enables algorithmisation and the design of standardised (database-supported) artefacts, which in turn can be used to formulate self-adaptive and individualised learning pathways. This significantly enhances the development of effective mobile applications to assist speech-language therapy.
Human Centered Implementation Process of AI in SMEs – Conditions for Success
Authors: Böhme Carolin , Graf-Pfohl Claudia , Meusinger Katrin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractArtificial Intelligence (AI) is becoming an integral part of various aspects of human life. However, the successful implementation of AI systems poses significant challenges. Delays in the implementation of AI in Germany and Europe indicate hurdles, particularly for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), which are important drivers of the German economy but also have structural disadvantages regarding AI implementation. To ensure that these AI systems are designed to meet the needs and expectations of end-users, Human Centered Design (HCD) has proven to be a promising approach. This paper aims to identify gaps and optimization potentials in the implementation process of AI with consideration of the Human Centered Design. The paper is based on existing literature and case studies to illustrate the benefits of using HCD in AI development and to identify weaknesses and optimization potentials in existing models. The paper concludes with recommendations for future research in this area.
LLM-assisted Knowledge Graph Engineering: Experiments with ChatGPT
Authors: Meyer Lars-Peter , Stadler Claus , Frey Johannes , Radtke Norman , Junghanns Kurt , Meissner Roy , Dziwis Gordian , Bulert Kirill , Martin Michael 
Published: April 2024

ZusammenfassungKnowledge Graphs (KG) provide us with a structured, flexible, transparent, cross-system, and collaborative way of organizing our knowledge and data across various domains in society and industrial as well as scientific disciplines. KGs surpass any other form of representation in terms of effectiveness. However, Knowledge Graph Engineering (KGE) requires in-depth experiences of graph structures, web technologies, existing models and vocabularies, rule sets, logic, as well as best practices. It also demands a significant amount of work.Considering the advancements in large language models (LLMs) and their interfaces and applications in recent years, we have conducted comprehensive experiments with ChatGPT to explore its potential in supporting KGE. In this paper, we present a selection of these experiments and their results to demonstrate how ChatGPT can assist us in the development and management of KGs.Zusammenfassung. Wissensgraphen (englisch Knowledge Graphs, KGs), bieten uns eine strukturierte, flexible, transparente, systemübergreifende und kollaborative Möglichkeit, unser Wissen und unsere Daten über verschiedene Bereiche der Gesellschaft und der industriellen sowie wissenschaftlichen Disziplinen hinweg zu organisieren. KGs übertreffen jede andere Form der Repräsentation in Bezug auf die Effektivität. Die Entwicklung von Wissensgraphen (englisch Knowledge Graph Engineering, KGE) erfordert jedoch fundierte Erfahrungen mit Graphstrukturen, Webtechnologien, bestehenden Modellen und Vokabularen, Regelwerken, Logik sowie Best Practices. Es erfordert auch einen erheblichen Arbeitsaufwand.In Anbetracht der Fortschritte bei großen Sprachmodellen (englisch Large Language Modells, LLMs) und ihren Schnittstellen und Anwendungen in den letzten Jahren haben wir umfassende Experimente mit ChatGPT durchgeführt, um sein Potenzial zur Unterstützung von KGE zu untersuchen. In diesem Artikel stellen wir eine Auswahl dieser Experimente und ihre Ergebnisse vor, um zu zeigen, wie ChatGPT uns bei der Entwicklung und Verwaltung von KGs unterstützen kann.
Foundations for the Development of an AI-based, Platformindipendent cOmpanion-app [for] Lifelong Learning-Optimization (APOLLO)
Authors: Boesl Dominik B. O. , Achtenberg Teresa , Bergler Lisa 
Published: April 2024

ZusammenfassungIn today’s knowledge society, the necessity for lifelong learning can be taken for granted. Hence, everybody will be facing the challenge of managing, organizing an optimizing the individual lifelong learning journey. Apart from teaching the essential methodological skills and abilities to enable lifelong acquisition of knowledge and skills, more and more guidance is needed to get an overview of the overabundance of learning content from diverse suppliers.This paper elaborates on the the basic assumptions, analyses, and framework conditions for the development of an “AI-based, Platformindipendent cOmpanion-app [for] Lifelong Learning-Optimization” (acronym: APOLLO) as part of a 36-month funded project with kind financial support from the German Federal Ministry of Education and Training (BMBF) under coordination by the German Federal Institute for Vocational Education and Training (BIBB) as part of the innovation framework program “INVITE”. It outlines the project idea, describes the motivation and problem definition reflected in the educational domain as well as providing an overview of the current national and international state of research. All these aspects have been taken into consideration when defining the functional scope of the application.Zusammenfassung. In der heutigen Wissensgesellschaft kann die Notwendigkeit zur Befähigung zum lebenslangen Lernen als gegeben angesehen werden. Abgesehen von der Vermittlung der essenziellen methodischen Fähig- und Fertigkeiten, um den lebens-langen Wissens- und Kenntniserwerb zu ermöglichen, ist aber auch immer mehr Lotsenhilfe beim Verschaffen eines Überblicks über das überbordende Angebot an Lerninhalten unterschiedlichster Anbieter nötig. Dieses Paper skizziert die grundlegenden Annahmen, Analysen und Rahmenbedingungen für die Entwicklung einer Ai-basierten, Plattformübergreifenden cOmpanian-app [für] Lebenslange Lern-Optimierung (Akronym: APOLLO) im Rahmen eines 36-monatigen Förderprojektes mit freundlicher Unterstützung des Bundesministeriums für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) und unter Betreuung durch das Bundesinstitut für Berufliche Bildung (BIBB) als Teil der Förderricht-linie des Innovationswettbewerbs INVITE. Es umreißt die Projektidee, schildert die Motivation und Problemstellung im Bildungsbereich sowie den aktuellen nationalen und internationalen Forschungsstand, die zur detaillierten Spezifikation des Funktionsumgangs herangezogen wurde.
Effects of water salinization and substrata quality on the performance of the shredder Schizopelex festiva (Trichoptera; Sericostomatidae)
Authors: Simões S. , Almeida E. , Martínez A. , Oliveira R. , Canhoto C. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSecondary salinization is a growing concern for freshwaters worldwide. The lethal and sub-lethal effects on shredders are known, but not whether these result from direct exposure to contaminated aquatic medium and/or from indirect effects of distinct substrate quality through fungal conditioning in salinized media. Here, chestnut and oak leaves were conditioned for 4 weeks in reference (Cond0, 0 g/l NaCl) or salinized (Cond3, 3 g/l NaCl) media before being offered to the shredder Schizopelex festiva maintained in reference (Inv0) or salinized (Inv3) media. Fungal biomasses associated with leaf litter and consumption, respiration rates, growth, survival, and feeding preference of S. festiva were assessed. We found lower fungal biomass in both leaf species conditioned in Cond3 medium. Consumption rates were higher for oak than chestnut, and in Inv0 than Inv3, but were not affected by conditioning media. Growth was also affected by invertebrate media (Inv0 > Inv3), while Inv3 led to the lowest survival. Schizopelex festiva preferred Cond0 over Cond3 oak leaves only in Inv0. Results strongly suggest that direct exposure to salinized media is a main pathway of salt toxicity to shredders through a generalized reduction in invertebrates’ metabolic rates when facing salt stress. Salt addition to the media may result in an energetic investment in osmotic regulation at the expense of consumption and growth, with consequences for invertebrate survival. Potential negative effects of salt contamination on shredders’ ability to select more nutritious food items may contribute to cascading effects throughout the stream food webs, particularly in streams lined with more recalcitrant leaf litter.
A higher glabellar soft tissue cushion is associated with a lower incidence of pilonidal sinus disease
Authors: Doll Dietrich , Ernst Helge , Hall Lars-Patrick , Orth Marcel , Braun-Münker Myriam , Maak Matthias 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Mounting evidence links cut occipital hair fragments to the formation of pilonidal sinus disease (PSD). Anatomical variations in the shape of the dorsal crest between the occiput and the upper intergluteal fold may be crucial in the downward movement of hair to the glabella sacralis region.

Objective
This study aims to investigate the shape and height of the glabellar cushion and their potential influence on the development of PSD.

Patients and methods
We established a method for capturing the shape of the thoracolumbar back down to the intragluteal fold using a structured light 3D scanning device. The soft tissue surface contour of this region was measured. We developed algorithms to extract the width and shape of the canal between the erector trunci, as well as the height of the glabellar cushion. Included were 155 individuals, 94 PSD patients and 61 without PSD.

Results
Glabellar height differs significantly between PSD and non-PSD cohorts. In total, PSD was associated with a 7.8 ± 3.7 mm glabellar cushion, while non-PSD patients exhibited a 9.7 ± 3.8 mm glabellar cushion (p = 0.0021). In male PSD patients, the glabellar height was 7.8 ± 3.7 mm (mean ± SD), while in female PSD patients it was 7.7 ± 3.6 mm. Conversely, non-PSD males had a glabellar cushion height of 8.9 ± 2.7 mm, and non-PSD females of 10.5 ± 4.4 mm.

Conclusion
A higher glabellar region is associated with a lower incidence of pilonidal sinus disease. Therefore, elevating and bolstering the glabellar region could be beneficial for preventing recurrence.