bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bank Accounting, Bank Regulation, and Capital Requirements: A Review
Authors: Lubberink Martien 
Published: February 2025

Synopsis The research problem The Basel framework has been a significant development in the world of banking and finance, and it is imperative to have a firm understanding of these regulations and their implications for empirical accounting research, particularly as they relate to bank capital and capital requirements. Motivation The motivation of this paper is to advance the understanding of the role of accounting in post-GFC bank regulations and to empower researchers by improving their understanding of the regulatory process and their understanding of regulatory resources. Target population Global banks, bank regulators, and bank standard setters. Adopted methodology This paper aims to provide an overview of the interactions between bank accounting and prudential regulation, focusing specifically on post-GFC regulations such as Basel III. Findings I document differences between bank regulation and financial reporting standards, which are in a constant state of flux. Differences manifest themselves in definitional distinctions, such as the fact that bank capital is not the same as equity, the scope of application and associated data availability, the standard setting process, and stakeholder interests. The disparities are dynamic and specific to each country or jurisdiction, which adds complexity to the research process. Despite the efforts of the Basel Committee to establish unified standards, there has been an increasing divergence in the implementation of global banking rules. These developments present new research opportunities.
11. Managing Groundwater in the Engineering Design & Construction of Sub-surface Works
Authors: Linde-Arias Emilio 
Published: February 2025

This chapter addresses the significant challenges encountered in constructing engineering works below groundwater level, particularly in deep sub-surface projects such as shafts and tunnels. It explores how groundwater interaction can lead to decreased water levels, surface settlement, and potentially severe inflows that disrupt excavation progress and destabilize the construction site. These issues may also cause environmental damage and affect nearby structures.
The chapter outlines two primary strategies for groundwater control. The first strategy involves preventing water ingress by enhancing ground impermeability or installing physical barriers like diaphragm walls. Alternatively, adjusting groundwater gradients using techniques such as earth pressure balance machines during tunnel excavation is discussed. The second strategy focuses on actively lowering water levels through pumping or passive drainage to manage groundwater effectively.
The requirements for long term weathertightness of underground structures and possible strategies are also discussed.
Fracture Resistance of Fiber‐Reinforced vs. Conventional Resin Composite Restorations in Structurally Compromised Molars: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Mohammadipour Hamideh Sadat , Farajzadeh Mostafa , Toutouni Hediyeh , Gazerani Arya , Sekandari Salehe 
Published: February 2025

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate reinforcing effect of different fiber‐reinforced resin composites for restoring structurally compromised molars compared to conventional resin composite.Methods and Materials: Sixty healthy human third molars were randomly divided into six groups (n = 10). In G1 to G4, wide mesio–occluso–distal (MOD) cavities with an occlusal depth of 4 mm and proximal boxes with a width of 2/3 of buccolingual distance were prepared. In G5, after preparation of MOD cavities, 2 mm cusp reduction was made. The samples of G6 were remained intact (control). In G1 and G5, the conventional resin composite (G‐ænial Posterior), and in G2, short fiber‐reinforced resin composite (SFRC: EverX Posterior) were used. In G3 and G4, the Ribbond fibers were applied on base of cavity in buccolingual and cross‐sectional direction, respectively, and followed by conventional resin composite restoration. After 24 h maintaining in distilled water at room temperature, fracture resistance of restored teeth was tested with a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/s and fracture patterns were also evaluated by stereomicroscope (favorable: above cementoenamel junction (CEJ) and unfavorable: below CEJ). The data was analyzed using Shapiro–Wilk, one‐way ANOVA, and post hoc Tukey’s HSD tests.Results: The highest fracture strength was obtained in G2 (4051.4 ± 1293.9 N), which was significantly greater than G3 (2886.6 ± 720.4 N; p = 0.005) and G5 (2949.3 ± 307.5 N; p  = 0.010). No statistically significant difference was observed between other study groups. The greatest percentage of favorable fracture was recorded in G6 (70%) and G2 (60%).Conclusion: The reconstruction of severely weakened molar teeth with SFRC or incorporating of polyethylene fibers in cross‐sectional direction on base of resin composite restoration improved fracture strength and favorably affected fracture modes in comparison to conventional posterior resin composite with or without cusp coverage.
Physical activity, sedentary behavior, cardiorespiratory fitness with cardiac adiposity: A narrative review
Authors: Oh Minsuk , Choi Hyo-In , Lee Jong-Young , Lee Dong Hoon , Jeon Justin Y. 
Published: February 2025

Background: Pericardial adipose tissue (PAT), an ectopic fat depot surrounding the coronary arteries, is a significant pathogenic risk factor for cardiometabolic diseases. Due to its anatomical proximity to the heart, PAT is considered a more potent risk factor for cardiovascular conditions compared to other visceral adipose tissues located in other parts of body. Modifiable lifestyle factors such as physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior (SB), exercise interventions, and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) have been associated with various health outcomes, but their relationship with PAT remains less understood.
Summary: This review synthesizes current evidence on the associations of physical activity, sedentary behavior, exercise interventions, and cardiorespiratory fitness with PAT. Increasing PA and CRF while reducing SB appear to be associated with lower PAT accumulation with age, independent of key health characteristics across diverse populations. Also, exercise interventions may be effective in reducing PAT. PAT is emerging as a critical cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cardiometabolic risk factor. The review highlights the importance of PA, SB, exercise participations, and CRF as modifiable strategies to potentially mitigate this risk. Despite the documented benefits of PA, exercise interventions, and CRF and the negative impacts of SB on health, further research is warranted to explore these associations more comprehensively. Most existing studies are limited by small sample sizes, cross-sectional designs, and reliance on self-reported measures. Recent longitudinal studies suggest that PA, SB, and CRF may influence PAT volumes over time, though findings are often affected by baseline abdominal adiposity and the use of indirect measures.
Key Messages:
•	Increasing PA, exercise participation, and CRF while reducing SB may prevent PAT accumulation with age, independent of other health factors.
•	PAT is a significant, emerging risk factor for cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, underscoring the need for effective lifestyle interventions.
•	Future research should focus on larger, more diverse cohorts using objective measures to better understand the complex relationships between PA, SB, CRF, and PAT.
•	Comprehensive exploration of these associations will aid in developing interventions to reduce cardiac adiposity and enhance cardiovascular health outcomes.
Evaluating Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Safety, Quality, and Appropriateness Across Michigan Using Blinded Cross-Institutional Peer Review
Authors: Spehar Stephanie M. , Seth Milan , Collins John F. , Dixon Simon R. , Pielsticker Elizabeth , Lee Daniel , Zainea Mark , LaLonde Thomas , Arora Dilip , Sukul Devraj , Gurm Hitinder S. 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND:
Several quality improvement initiatives have focused on the quality gap in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), yet significant variations in quality persist. Our objective was to use a novel blinded peer review system to evaluate PCI quality, safety, and appropriateness across Michigan.

METHODS:
Single-vessel PCI cases were randomly selected from the Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan Cardiovascular Consortium registry across Michigan (2018–2020), and anonymized angiograms and pertinent case records were uploaded to a secure server. Cases were reviewed by blinded interventional cardiologists internal and external to the institution, using a standardized peer review form and rated on procedural quality, safety, and appropriateness. We compared appropriateness ratings between reviewers and registry-based appropriateness criteria.

RESULTS:
We conducted 1627 independent peer reviews of 961 cases; 23.7% of cases were for non–ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction, and 36.4% were for ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction. The majority (96.4%) of reviewers rated angiogram quality as excellent or adequate. Reviewers noted a complication or suboptimal result in 11.1% of reviews; 44.0% of these were deemed avoidable. Most PCI procedures were considered appropriate or may be appropriate, (87.1%) by all those reviewing. Reviewers were less likely to categorize PCI cases as appropriate compared with registry-based appropriate use criteria definitions (73.1% versus 93.3%). The percentage of cases rated as both appropriate/may be appropriate and technically competent ranged from 76.7% to 100% across sites.

CONCLUSIONS:
While the overall quality and appropriateness of PCI in Michigan are high, key opportunities to improve care were identified. Additional studies are needed to assess the utility of expanding this approach across the United States.
Body Composition Risk Assessment of All‐Cause Mortality in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease Completing Cardiac Rehabilitation
Authors: Yan Kimberly L. , Liang Icy , Ravellette Keeley , Gornbein Jeffrey , Srikanthan Preethi , Horwich Tamara B. 
Published: February 2025

Background
Obesity, measured by body mass index, is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However, the role of body composition, including body fat percentage and lean body mass (LBM), in cardiovascular outcomes has not been well studied in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). This study aims to evaluate the association of body composition with cardiovascular outcomes and all‐cause mortality in patients with CAD.

Methods and Results

Body composition was obtained via bioelectrical impedance analysis from 1291 patients with CAD before starting cardiac rehabilitation. Patients were divided into quintiles by body composition and analyzed in total and after sex stratification. All‐cause mortality and a composite of major adverse cardiovascular events, including acute coronary syndrome, coronary revascularization, heart failure hospitalization, and stroke, were primary study outcomes. In the total cohort adjusted analyses, body mass index, body fat percentage, and LBM were not predictors of all‐cause mortality or major adverse cardiovascular events. In sex‐stratified analyses, among women, the third LBM quintile was associated with decreased risk of all‐cause mortality compared with the lowest LBM quintile (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.07 [95% CI, 0.01–0.57];
P
=0.01). No other body composition variables were associated with all‐cause mortality or major adverse cardiovascular events in either sex.

Conclusions
In women with CAD, moderate LBM was associated with lower mortality when compared with low LBM, whereas body fat percentage and body mass index were not associated with mortality or major adverse cardiovascular events in either sex. Future research studying the implications of changes in body composition on outcomes in men and women with CAD is warranted.
Protocol‐Driven Best Practices and Cardiogenic Shock Survival in Asian Patients
Authors: Leung Calvin , Fong Yan Hang , Chiang Michael Chi Shing , Wong Ivan Man Ho , Ho Cheuk Bong , Yeung Yin Kei , Leung Chung Yin , Lee Pok Him , So Tai Chung , Cheng Yuet Wong , Chui Shing Fung , Chan Alan Ka Chun , Wong Chi Yuen , Chan Kam Tim , O'Neill William W. , Lee Michael Kang Yin 
Published: February 2025

Background
Cardiogenic shock carries high mortality. This study investigated the relationship between protocol‐advocated best practices and outcomes.

Methods
Patients with cardiogenic shock supported by Impella CP in an Asian tertiary cardiac center were evaluated for 30‐day post percutaneous ventricular assist device (PVAD) survival after adopting a standardized protocol emphasizing early mechanical circulatory support (shock‐to‐PVAD time ≤180 minutes), pulmonary artery catheterization for invasive hemodynamics, and safe vascular access.

Results

Of 109 consecutive patients (mean age 58.5±11.2, 80.7% male, 67% acute myocardial infarction, 33% acute decompensated heart failure), 45 (41.3%), 33 (30.3%), and 31 (28.4%) were in SCAI Shock Stages C, D, and E, respectively. A suggestive trend of improving 30‐day survival was observed (56.8%, 63.9%, and 72.2% in successive one thirds, P1, P2, and P3 of patients), paralleling a similar trend in achievement of best practices. Patients achieving all 3 best practices significantly increased from 35.1% (P1) to 52.8% (P3) (
P
=0.026). Median shock‐to‐PVAD time reduced from 5 [interquartile range: 2–23] hours (P1) to 1.5 [1–5] hours (P3) (
P
for trend=0.014), whereas pulmonary artery catheterization utilization (80.6–86.1%) and device‐related major vascular complications (5.6–8.4%) remained relatively stable. Achieving more best practices was significantly associated with better 30‐day survival, with patients achieving all 3, 2, and ≤1 best practices had 30‐day survival rates of 75.0%, 63.6%, and 35.7%, respectively (
P
=0.043). In multivariate Cox regression analysis, shock‐to‐PVAD time >180 minutes remained an independent predictor of mortality (
P
=0.031).

Conclusions
Achievement of protocol‐advocated best practices, especially early shock recognition and prompt PVAD support in appropriate patients, was associated with improved outcomes with PVAD use in cardiogenic shock. Future studies are suggested to confirm the benefits of a protocolized approach and evaluate the value of individual best practices.
Genome‐Wide Association Study for Resting Electrocardiogram in the Qatari Population Identifies 6 Novel Genes and Validates Novel Polygenic Risk Scores
Authors: Khan Nahin , Shaar Abdullah , Kunji Khalid , Khan Atlas , Elshrif Mohamed , Bashir Mohammed , Ali Mohammed Thamer , Al Haj Zen Ayman , Kiryluk Krzysztof , Nemer Georges , Fahed Akl C. , Saad Mohamad 
Published: February 2025

Background
Electrocardiography is one of the most valuable noninvasive diagnostic tools in determining the presence of many cardiovascular diseases. Genetic factors are important in determining ECG abnormalities and their link to cardiovascular diseases. Genome‐wide association studies and polygenic risk scores (PRSs) have been conducted for various ECG traits such as QT interval and QRS duration. However, these studies mainly focused on cohorts of European descent.

Methods

In this cohort study, genome‐wide association studies for 6 ECG traits (RR, PR, corrected QT interval [QTc], QRS, JT, and
P
wave duration) were conducted in a Middle Eastern cohort from the Qatar Precision Health Institute, comprising 13 827 subjects with whole‐genome sequence data. Middle Eastern PRSs were developed using clumping and thresholding, and their performance was compared with 26 published PRSs. Genetic predisposition to long QT syndrome was explored using rare variant analysis.

Results

Seventy‐four independent loci were obtained with genome‐wide significance across the 6 traits (
P
<5×10
−8
). Of the 74 loci, 67 (90.5%) were previously reported, and 7 loci (9.5%) were novel and contained 6 genes:
STAC
and
CSMD1
for PR,
ANK1
and
NCOA2
for QRS,
LSP1
for QTc, and
MKLN1
for
P
wave duration. All 26 published PRSs showed good performance in our cohort. PGS002276 showed the best performance for QTc (
R
2
=0.059,
P
=4.83×10
−185
), PGS002166 showed the best performance for QRS (
R
2
=0.024,
P
=1.53×10
−75
), and PGS000905 showed the best performance for PR (
R
2
=0.053,
P
=2.57×10
−165
). Some of these PRSs were associated with cardiovascular diseases. For example, PGS003500, a QTc PRS, was significantly associated with cardiomyopathy (odds ratio per 1 SD=1.58 [95% CI, 1.23–2.01];
P
=2.42×10
−4
). Middle Eastern PRSs substantially outperformed published PRSs and did not perform well in the UK Biobank data. Ten pathogenic variants, including 3 that are specific to Qatari individuals, were observed in 17 long QT syndrome genes and were carried by 19 individuals. The QTc average was larger for mutation carriers (415.6±23.5 versus 402.3±18.5 in noncarriers). Five‐year follow‐up data did not show a significant change in ECG patterns, regardless of mutation status and PRS values. Four of 2302 individuals had prolonged QTc intervals over the 2 time points.

Conclusions
In this first genome‐wide association study for ECG traits in the Middle East using whole‐genome sequence data, 7 novel loci (6 genes) were identified. Published PRSs performed well, but newly developed Middle Eastern–specific PRSs performed the best. Novel variants in long QT syndrome genes were observed for the first time in Qatari individuals. Follow‐up data did not show significant changes in ECG patterns.
Protective Effect on Spinal Cord Injury of Prophylactic Cerebrospinal Fluid Drainage in Extensive Aortic Arch Repair for Type A Aortic Dissection: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Zhou Chenyu , Hou Bin , Zhang Kai , Gao Shiqi , Cao Fangfang , Ji Yumeng , Xie Enzehua , Qiu Jiawei , Qiu Juntao , Yu Cuntao 
Published: February 2025

Background
Cerebrospinal fluid drainage (CSFD) is commonly used to manage spinal cord injury (SCI) after aortic surgery. However, there is still limited evidence regarding its effectiveness in patients with type A aortic dissection undergoing total arch replacement plus frozen elephant trunk procedure.

Methods
A total of 1931 patients were retrospectively enrolled between 2010 and 2023. Patients with high‐risk postoperative SCI (N=445) were divided into 2 groups: with or without prophylactic CSFD to evaluate the protective effect of prophylactic CSFD. Patients with postoperative SCI (N=119) were divided into 3 groups, without CSFD, therapeutic CSFD, and prophylactic CSFD, and analyzed to compare the treatment effect of different CSFD strategies.

Results

Prophylactic CSFD significantly reduced the incidence of postoperative SCI in high‐risk patients (26.9% versus 17.7%,
P
=0.029), further supported by matching weights analysis of propensity score and conditional logistic regression. Analyses of the SCI population revealed less severe SCI symptoms in patients with prophylactic CSFD, as assessed by the American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale (adjusted
P
<0.05). Multivariable ordinal logistic regression showed that compared with those without CSFD, prophylactic CSFD (
P
=0.003) but not therapeutic CSFD (
P
=0.981) was beneficial to the in‐hospital recovery of postoperative SCI. Long‐term SCI outcomes did not differ among groups.

Conclusions
A prominent protective effect on SCI occurrence and recovery after the total arch replacement plus the frozen elephant trunk procedure was observed with prophylactic CSFD use in patients with type A aortic dissection. However, the effectiveness of therapeutic CSFD fell short of significance.
Phyllognathia ceratophthalma (Balss, 1913) (Decapoda, Palaemonidae) is a brittle star predator
Authors: Ivanov Yury , Anker Arthur 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Two individuals of the palaemonid shrimp Phyllognathia cerathophthalma (Balss, 1913) were observed feeding on brittle stars (Ophiuroidea) in Bali, Indonesia. One of the shrimps was observed capturing, subduing, and devouring Ophiactis savignyi (Müller & Troschel, 1842) (Ophiactidae), whereas the other was observed feeding on a detached arm of Ophiothrix sp. (Ophiotrichidae). Therefore, P. ceratophthalma joins a small ecological guild of shrimps, which are also phylogenetically related, specialized in the predation of echinoderms, together with its congener P. simplex Fujino, 1973 and the harlequin shrimp Hymenocera picta Dana, 1852.
Effects of high temperature on reproductive characteristics and hormones of female Eriocheir sinensis during reproduction (Brachyura, Varunidae)
Authors: Shen Chenchen , Feng Guangpeng , Liu Jianyi , Huang Xiaorong , Wang Haihua 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Under the influence of global warming, excessive temperatures may affect adult female Eriocheir sinensis at a sensitive stage, changing the reproductive process, which is critical for the persistence of populations. Thus, the effects of high temperature on the reproductive performances and hormone changes of female E. sinensis were analysed. The results showed that the mating and spawning rates were maintained at >80% at 10–25°C and at 10–15°C, respectively. However, the spawning rate was only 16.67 ± 40.82% at 25°C. It is inferred that the spawning behaviour is more affected by high temperature, and 25°C had an adverse effect on the spawning rate. The reproductive performances (egg production, fecundity and reproductive index) of female crabs at 15°C were better than in other temperature groups. Meanwhile, the levels of DHP (17α,20β-dihydroxy-4-pregnene-3-one) and E2 (estradiol-17β) decreased at 25°C after spawning, indicating that 25°C might restrain the synthesis of sex hormone, which may lead to a inferior spawning rate. The results can provide a reference for the reproductive performances of female E. sinensis under high temperatures, which is conducive to the protection of E. sinensis under global warming.
Complete mitogenomic and phylogenetic characteristics of three parthenogenetic Artemia populations (Branchiopoda, Anostraca)
Authors: Han Xuekai , Zhang Rui , Liu Xue , Li Ke , Gao Meirong , Zhang Chi , Sui Liying 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this study, the complete mitochondrial genomes of three parthenogenetic Artemia populations were sequenced and analysed. The results indicate that these three genomes are similar in length (15 633-15 639 bp). Furthermore, the organization and order of all three genomes are identical, including 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 tRNA genes and 2 rRNA genes, as well as a major non-coding region (CR), with high AT bias. Furthermore, both the genetic distance and the phylogenetic analysis showed that the genus Artemia constitutes a monophyletic group, and the parthenogenetic Artemia populations here studied show the closest relationship with Artemia urmiana. This study provides baseline information on Artemia mitogenomes for further research on the taxonomy and evolutionary genetics of the genus, and thereby contributes to the conservation of Artemia germplasm resources.
Cosmological Thinking in Kant’s Critique of Judgment: Thinking the End and Avoiding the End
Authors: Nuzzo Angelica 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This essay discusses the “cosmological” issue of the End in the second part of Kant’s Critique of Judgment. At stake is the problem of thinking, reflectively and according to the principle of nature’s formal purposiveness, the end of life and the end of Nature as a whole. The claim is that Kant’s transcendental investigation, generally oriented to the question of “origin,” labors to block out the issue of the End. This is particularly remarkable and indeed problematic in the Critique of Judgment, which is concerned thematically with the topic of life and living nature.