bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Partial Body Weight-Supported Treadmill Gait Training Versus Aggressive Bracing Assisted Walking Post Stroke
Authors: Kosak Marc C. , Reding Michael J. 
Published: March 2007

Purpose: To test the hypothesis that partial body weight-supportcd treadmill training (PBWSTT) provides more effective gait training than an equally supportive but less physiologic aggressive bracing assisted walking (ABAW) program. Methods: Following informed consent, patients participating in an inpatient re habilitation program with significant leg weakness and need for at least moderate as sistance for walking, without orthostatic hypotension, symptomatic dyspnea, or angina pectoris were randomized to receive PBWSTT vs. ABAW. PBWSTT was provided by a commercially available, overhead motorized hoist attached to a parachute-type body harness, which provided partial support of the patient's weight over a treadmill. Ther apists assisted with weight shifting, leg advancement, and foot placement as needed. ABAW included aggressive early therapist-assisted ambulation using knee-ankle com bination bracing and hemi-bar if needed. Treatment sessions of up to 45 minutes per day, five days per week were given as tolerated for the duration of the inpatient stay or until patients could walk over-ground unassisted. All patients had an additional 45- minute session of functionally oriented physical therapy each day with or without brac ing as judged appropriate by the patient's individual therapist. Results: Fifty-six patients a mean age of 71 ±1 SEM were enrolled 40 ± 3 days post stroke. Although die outcome of the two groups as a whole did not differ, a subgroup with major hemispheric stroke defined by the presence of hemiparesis, hemianopic vi sual deficit, and hemihypesthesia who received more than 12 treatment sessions showed significantly better over-ground endurance (90 ± 34 vs. 44 ± 10 meters) and speed scores (12 ± 4 vs. 8 ± 2 meters/minute) for PBWSTT vs. ABAW, respectively. Conclusions: PBWSTT and ABAW are equally effective gait training techniques except for a subset of patients with major hemispheric stroke who are difficult to mo bilize using ABAW alone.
Correlation of Coextruded Barrier Sheet Properties With Packaged Food Quality
Authors: Bonis Laszlo J. 
Published: March 2007

Shelf life in food packaging is related to the sterilization process, the food product itself and to the type of barrier container. Heat sterilization to achieve various degrees of freedom from pathogenic micro organisms in food has been known and practiced for centuries. However, renewed interest has surfaced mainly due to "aseptic packaging"—the separate sterilization of food and the container using various methods and systems for forming/filling/sealing under sterile conditions. In order to prevent reinfection, the container must be made of a material resisting penetration of such organisms. The container also has to provide suitable resistance to penetration of the container by other substances. Thus aseptic packaging requires that containers be made of barrier material to resist such deleterious microorganisms and preserve the food. Correlating these plastic barrier materials to the required shelf life for packaged food quality is most economically accomplished through coextrusion.
The impact of emotionally evocative information on interpreting accuracy in a mock asylum interview
Authors: Morrison Louisa , Given‐Wilson Zoe , Memon Amina 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn asylum interviews, interpreters often relay emotionally evocative information. This study compared interpreting accuracy of emotionally evocative and neutral information. Twenty‐eight Arabic‐English interpreters participated in a mock asylum interview held via videoconferencing. They interpreted between an English interviewer and a Sudanese‐Arabic applicant who performed a scripted interview including neutral and emotionally evocative responses. Pre‐interview, interpreters completed a secondary traumatic stress measure. English interpretations of the Arabic neutral and emotionally evocative responses were recorded, transcribed and coded for interpreting errors. Emotionally evocative responses were interpreted 4%–8% less accurately than neutral responses, which was a significant medium to large effect. Secondary traumatic stress did not moderate differences in interpreting accuracy between conditions.
Cluster synchronization of stochastic two‐layer networks with infinite distributed delays via delayed pinning impulsive control
Authors: Zhang Chuan , Wei Junchao , Wang Fei , Liang Yi 
Published: March 2024

SummaryThe cluster synchronization problem of stochastic two‐layer networks with infinite distributed delays is concerned. Firstly, we study the cluster synchronization of the first layer (leader‐layer) network with the average state of each cluster of sets as synchronization target. Secondly, we design a delayed pinning impulsive controller to synchronize the second layer (follower‐layer) network to the first layer network in a mean square cluster sense. Based on stochastic impulsive analysis and Lyapunov stability theory, some sufficient conditions for cluster synchronization are obtained. Finally, the effectiveness of the theoretical results is verified through numerical simulations.
Cation‐Induced Deep Reconstruction and Self‐Optimization of NiFe Phosphide Precatalysts for Hydrogen Evolution and Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Nie Jianhang , Shi Jinghui , Huang Tao , Xie Meng‐Yuan , Ouyang Zhen‐Yang , Xian Ming‐Hua , Huang Gui‐Fang , Wan Hui , Hu Wangyu , Huang Wei‐Qing 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSurface reconstruction that produces real active species for catalytic reactions generally occurs during electrocatalytic water splitting, but overcoming the reconstruction level‐mass activity‐stability trade‐off is a grand challenge. A cation‐doping in conjunction with a geometrical topology strategy is proposed to concurrently realize deep reconstruction and self‐optimization of FeNi phosphide nanoarrays during an electrochemical activation process. The doped Zn cation induces a deep reconstruction of FeNiP@Fe2P precatalyst by continuously dissolving Fe2P and re‐depositing as amorphous FeOOH that solders Ni2P nanoparticles, forming small ultra‐thin nanosheets with abundant amorphous‐crystalline interfaces for structural stability. Moreover, multichannel topology exhibits an unusual ability to optimize their morphology via finally evolving into multi‐microchannel tubular nanoarrays comprising of interconnected‐nanosheets with a very loose structure for enhanced electrolyte permeability, mass transfer, and accessibility of active sites. The reconstructed Zn‐Ni2P/FeOOH superstructure catalysts reach 10 mA cm−2 current density at an ultra‐low overpotential of 11 mV for hydrogen evolution reactions (HER). Impressively, when assembled as a two‐electrode cell with Zn‐FeNiP@Zn‐Fe2P as anode and Zn‐Ni2P/FeOOH as cathode, it delivers current densities of 10 mA cm−2 at a record low cell voltage of 1.40 V. This strategy provides a novel avenue to promote reconstruction for achieving high catalytic performance.
Bioinspired Sonodynamic Nano Spray Accelerates Infected Wound Healing via Targeting and Disturbing Bacterial Metabolism
Authors: Qian Xin , Lu Teliang , Huang Chongquan , Zheng Dengwen , Gong Gencheng , Chu Xiao , Wang Xiaolan , Lai Huahao , Ma Limin , Jiang Le , Sun Xiaodan , Ji Xiongfa , Li Mei , Zhang Yu 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBacterial infections pose a major concern for the medical community, especially regarding wound healing. Traditional passive antibiotic therapies can be cytotoxic and lead to bacterial resistance, posing a continuing challenge to treat. Based on precision therapy, a novel targeted‐delivery nanosystem is developed to efficiently eliminate bacteria and promote bacteria‐infected wound healing. Macrophage membranes pre‐activated by Staphylococcus aureus (MMSa) are prepared. In doing so, Toll‐like receptors (TLRs), a typical pathogen‐associated molecular pattern (PAMP), are significantly higher than normal macrophage membranes (MM0). Subsequently, MMSa are coated onto ultrasound‐triggered piezocatalytic nano‐barium titanate (BaTiO3, BTO) surfaces, and these two components are assembled to form a novel targeting delivery nanosystem, namely BTO@MMSa. The in vitro and in vivo results demonstrate that the biocompatible BTO@MMSa nanosystem can target infected areas and rapidly generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) to kill bacteria under ultrasound (US) irradiation, as well as accelerate wound healing. Furthermore, prokaryotic RNA‐seq transcriptomics reveals that changes in bacterial membrane function and substance, and energy metabolism are responsible for the targeted antibacterial ability of BTO@MMSa with US. Compared to widely reported unselective antibacterial agents, this novel targeted delivery nanosystem has potential for precise bacterial infection treatment by using macrophage membrane functions.
Synergistic Densification in Hybrid Organic‐Inorganic MXenes for Optimized Photothermal Conversion
Authors: Xu Tong , Tan Shujuan , Li Shaoxiong , Chen Tianyu , Wu Yue , Hao Yilin , Liu Chengyan , Ji Guangbin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractOptimizin the efficient light‐trapping in the photothermal conversion by enhancing localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) is crucial in improving light‐heat‐conversion efficiency of Ti3C2Tx MXene. However, its susceptibility to oxidation makes it prone to oxides formation, diminishing its metallic properties and significantly reducing the LSPR effect. This work synthesizes a kind of air‐stable hybrid Ti3C2Tx MXenes by a synergistic densification strategy that incorporates sulfhydryl‐bonding between organic and inorganic parts by reacting Ti3C2Tx MXene with thiocarboxylic acids. The resultant shortening of electron transport pathways, enhanced charge density, and the generation of additional electronic states around the Fermi level collectively contribute to an augmented LSPR effect. Additionally, the hybrid Ti3C2Tx MXenes also demonstrate high‐temperature resistance and reduced water interactions. These combined effects substantially elevate photothermal conversion efficiency through thiocarboxylic acids modification, reaching a photothermal evaporation rate of 1.77 kg m−2 h−1 with 94.56% efficiency in hybrid Ti3C2Tx MXenes. The approach paves the way for the design and development of a three‐in‐one strategy for photothermal conversion.
Engineered Metal‐Loaded Biohybrids to Promote the Attachment and Electron‐Shuttling between Enzymes and Carbon Electrodes
Authors: Rodriguez‐Abetxuko Andoni , Romero‐Ben Elena , Ontoria Aitor , Heredero Marcos , Martín‐García Beatriz , Kumar Krishan , Martín‐Saldaña Sergio , Conzuelo Felipe , Beloqui Ana 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe inorganic content and the catalytic performance pose metal‐loaded enzyme nanoflowers as promising candidates for developing bioelectrodes capable of functioning without the external addition of a redox mediator. However, these protein‐inorganic hybrids have yet to be successfully applied in combination with electrode materials. Herein, the synthesis procedure of these bionanomaterials is reproposed to precisely control the morphology, composition, and performance of this particular protein‐mineral hybrid, formed by glucose oxidase and cobalt phosphate. This approach aims to enhance the adherence and electron mobility between the enzyme and a carbon electrode. The strategy relies on dressing the protein in a tailored thin nanogel with multivalent chemical motifs. The functional groups of the polymer facilitate the fast protein sequence‐independent biomineralization. Furthermore, the engineered enzymes enable the fabrication of robust cobalt‐loaded enzyme inorganic hybrids with exceptional protein loads, exceeding 90% immobilization yields. Notably, these engineered biohybrids can be readily deposited onto flat electrode surfaces without requiring chemical pre‐treatment. The resulting bioelectrodes are robust and exhibit electrochemical responses even without the addition of a redox mediator, suggesting that cobalt complexes promote electron wiring between the active site of the enzyme and the electrode.
Conformable Shear Mode Transducers from Lead‐Free Piezoelectric Ceramic Coatings: An Innovative Ultrasonic Solution for Submerged Structural Health Monitoring
Authors: Yin Jie , Wong Voon‐Kean , Xu Qinwen , Subhodayam Percis Teena Christopher , Yousry Yasmin Mohamed , Shashidhara Acharya , Zhou Jie , Luo Ping , Lim Poh Chong , Wei FengXia , Lim David Boon Kiang , Sun Chengliang , Yao Kui 
Published: March 2024

AbstractShear mode‐guided ultrasonic waves are highly regarded for submerged or subterranean structural health monitoring (SHM), owing to their non‐dispersive feature and minimized acoustic energy loss when in contact with liquid or solid. High‐performance shear mode ceramic ultrasonic transducers with robustness and cost‐effectiveness are highly demanded for underwater or underground SHM applications, especially in harsh environments. However, the implementation of discrete shear mode piezoelectric ceramic ultrasonic transducers is hindered by the inconsistency with manual installation, lack of conformability on curved surfaces, and unreliable acoustic coupling between the transducers and the structure. Here, direct‐write conformable shear mode ultrasonic transducers made from piezoelectric lead‐free ceramic coatings, which are in situ produced on steel structures by a scalable thermal spray process, are proposed. The obtained lead‐free lithium‐doped potassium sodium niobate (KNN‐LN) ceramic coatings exhibit a high effective shear piezoelectric strain coefficient (d24, f) above 60 pm V−1 in a broad frequency range from 100 Hz to 200 kHz. The resulting conformable shear mode KNN‐LN ceramic coating transducers successfully showcase the functions of exciting and detecting stable shear mode ultrasonic wave signals with operation temperature exceeding 200 °C and demonstrate reliable capability in defect detection in both air and liquid environments.
Modulating and Accelerating Photolysis of Photoactivatable [2.2]Paracyclophane Aryl Azide in Supramolecular Host for Bioimaging
Authors: Qiu Xujun , Pohl Eric , Cai Qianyu , Seibert Jasmin , Li Yuting , Leopold Sonja , Fuhr Olaf , Meier Michael A. R. , Schepers Ute , Bräse Stefan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPhotolysis of aryl azides offers a versatile approach to achieve more sophisticated functionalization, for instance in the field of chemical biology. In this study, a photoactivatable aryl azide named Pcp‐Az is presented that forms three distinct emissive molecules after irradiation. Computational studies unveiled that the photolysis of Pcp‐Az in aqueous medium undergoes different reaction channels, leading to the three mentioned distinct products. When the photoreaction is performed using the supramolecular host cucurbit[8]uril(CB8) for Pcp‐Az, the reaction is found to be tuned and accelerated. Finally, the potential application of the photoproducts are showcased in bioimaging, and also the time‐dependent photoactivating imaging.
Robust Gradient Hydrogel‐Loaded Nanofiber Fleshy Artificial Skin Via A Coupled Microfluidic Electrospinning‐Reactive Coating Strategy
Authors: Li Qing , Chen Rong , Cui Tingting , Bai Yuting , Hu Jie , Yu Jiafei , Wang Gefei , Chen Su 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSkin regeneration attracts tremendous interest due to the important role of skin for human protection and beauty. Thus, methods allowing artificial skin to be carried out in a controllable fashion are potentially important for wound healing, which involves an intersection of materials, medicine, biology, and other disciplines. Herein, aiming at a new general methodology for fleshy materials, a new hydrogel‐loaded hydrophobic–hydrophilic nanofiber fleshy artificial skin is designed and fabricated. The gradient hydrogel‐loaded nanofiber artificial skin integrates both advantages of nanofiber and hydrogel, exhibiting fleshy feature (comparability to real skin in terms of appearance, texture, and function), excellent air permeability, compatibility, and good mechanical and antibacterial property. Interestingly, the efficient transport channels are formed throughout the hydrogel‐loaded nanofiber structure, which is beneficial for water absorption and transfer. These advantages enable the establishment of a moist and favorable microenvironment; thus, greatly accelerating wound healing process. This work couples microfluidic electrospinning with reactive coating technique, which is in favor of material design and fabrication with controllable and uniform structures. The hydrogel‐loaded nanofiber fleshy artificial skin shows comparability to real skin in terms of beauty, texture, and function, which would definitely provide new opportunities for the further optimization and upgrading of artificial skin.
Enhanced Plastic Stability: Achieving High Performance in a Al6xxx Alloy Fabricated by Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Hu Zhiheng , Gao Shubo , Mikula Jakub , Shen Xiaojun , Seet Hang Li , Quek Siu Sin , Zhou Kun , Nai Sharon Mui Ling 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAdditive manufacturing (AM) facilitates the creation of materials with unique microstructural features and distinctive phenomena as compared to conventional manufacturing methods. Among the various well‐fabricated AM alloys, aluminum alloys garner substantial attention due to their extensive applications in the automotive and aerospace industries. In this work, an Al6xxx alloy is successfully fabricated with outstanding performance. A nucleation agent is introduced to diminish the susceptibility to cracking during the AM process, thereby inducing a heterogeneous microstructure in this alloy. However, the introduction of ultrafine grains induces plastic instability, evidenced by the presence of Lüders band. This work investigates the evolution of the Lüders band and the strategy to reduce their undesirable effect. The heterogeneity destabilizes the band propagation and thus deteriorates the ductility. Through a T6 heat treatment, the local Lüders strain decreases from 10.0% to 6.2%, leading to a substantial enhancement in plastic stability. With the increase in grain growth and the enlargement of coarse grain regions, the mismatch between the local and macroscopic Lüders strain disappears. Importantly, the strength and the thermal conductivity are concurrently increased. The findings demonstrate the significance of ensuring plastic stability to achieve improved strength‐ductility trade‐off in AM alloys with heterogeneous microstructures.
Electroacoustic Responsive Cochlea‐on‐a‐Chip
Authors: Hu Yangnan , Xing Jiayue , Zhang Hui , Pang Xinyi , Zhai Yabo , Cheng Hong , Xu Dongyu , Liao Menghui , Qi Yanru , Wu Danqi , Zhang Bin , Cheng Lin , Chu Bo , Zhang Chen , Zhao Yuanjin , Chai Renjie 
Published: March 2024

AbstractOrgan‐on‐chips can highly simulate the complex physiological functions of organs, exhibiting broad application prospects in developmental research, disease simulation, as well as new drug research and development. However, there is still less concern about effectively constructing cochlea‐on‐chips. Here, a novel cochlear organoids‐integrated conductive hydrogel biohybrid system with cochlear implant electroacoustic stimulation (EAS) for cochlea‐on‐a‐chip construction and high‐throughput drug screening, is presented. Benefiting from the superior biocompatibility and electrical property of conductive hydrogel, together with cochlear implant EAS, the inner ear progenitor cells can proliferate and spontaneously shape into spheres, finally forming cochlear organoids with good cell viability and structurally mature hair cells. By incorporating these progenitor cells‐encapsulated hydrogels into a microfluidic‐based cochlea‐on‐a‐chip with culture chambers and a concentration gradient generator, a dynamic and high‐throughput evaluation of inner ear disease‐related drugs is demonstrated. These results indicate that the proposed cochlea‐on‐a‐chip platform has great application potential in organoid cultivation and deafness drug evaluation.
A Nature‐Derived, Hetero‐Structured, Pro‐Healing Bioadhesive Patch for High‐Performance Sealing of Wet Tissues
Authors: Liu Shilin , Xiang Yangfan , Liu Zekun , Li Lan , Dang Ruyi , Zhang Huicong , Wei Feng , Chen Yuqin , Yang Xiang , Mao Mengjie , Zhang Yu Shrike , Song Jinlin , Zhang Ximu 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTissue adhesives are promising alternatives to sutures and staples to achieve wound closure and hemostasis. However, they often do not work well on tissues that are soaked in blood or other biological fluids, and organs that are typically exposed to a variety of harsh environments such as different pH values, nonhomogeneous distortions, continuous expansions and contractions, or high pressures. In this study, a nature‐derived multilayered hetero‐bioadhesive patch (skin secretion of Andrias davidianus (SSAD)‐Patch) based on hydrophilic/hydrophobic pro‐healing bioadhesives derived from the SSAD is developed, which is designed to form pressure‐triggered strong adhesion with wet tissues. The SSAD‐Patch is successfully applied for the sealing and healing of tissue defects within 10 s in diverse extreme injury scenarios in vivo including rat stomach perforation, small intestine perforation, fetal membrane defect, porcine carotid artery incision, and lung lobe laceration. The findings reveal a promising new type of self‐adhesive regenerative SSAD‐Patch, which is potentially adaptable to broad applications (under different pH values and air or liquid pressures) in sutureless wound sealing and healing.
Glycocalyx‐Mimicking Nanoparticles with Differential Organ Selectivity for Drug Delivery and Therapy
Authors: Kim Dohyeon , Whang Chang‐Hee , Hong Jungwoo , Prayogo Monica Celine , Jung Wonsik , Lee Seojung , Shin Hocheol , Kim Yujin , Yu Jiyoung , Kim Min Joong , Kim Kyunggon , Lee Hee‐Seung , Jon Sangyong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractOrgan‐selective drug delivery is expected to maximize the efficacy of various therapeutic modalities while minimizing their systemic toxicity. Lipid nanoparticles and polymersomes can direct the organ‐selective delivery of mRNAs or gene editing machineries, but their delivery is limited to mostly liver, spleen, and lung. A platform that enables delivery to these and other target organs is urgently needed. Here, a library of glycocalyx‐mimicking nanoparticles (GlyNPs) comprising five randomly combined sugar moieties is generated, and direct in vivo library screening is used to identify GlyNPs with preferential biodistribution in liver, spleen, lung, kidneys, heart, and brain. Each organ‐targeting GlyNP hit show cellular tropism within the organ. Liver, kidney, and spleen‐targeting GlyNP hits equipped with therapeutics effectively can alleviate the symptoms of acetaminophen‐induced liver injury, cisplatin‐induced kidney injury, and immune thrombocytopenia in mice, respectively. Furthermore, the differential organ targeting of GlyNP hits is influenced not by the protein corona but by the sugar moieties displayed on their surface. It is envisioned that the GlyNP‐based platform may enable the organ‐ and cell‐targeted delivery of therapeutic cargoes.