bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pre-implantation teriparatide administration improves initial implant stability and accelerates the osseointegration process in osteoporotic rats
Authors: Cui Boyu , Bai Tianyi , Wu Qiyou , Hu Yibo , Liu Yihong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Osteoporotic individuals who have dental implants usually require a prolonged healing time for osseointegration due to the shortage of bone mass and the lack of initial stability. Although studies have shown that intermittent teriparatide administration can promote osseointegration, there is little data to support the idea that pre-implantation administration is necessary and beneficial.

Methods
Sixty-four titanium implants were placed in the bilateral proximal tibial metaphysis in 32 female SD rats. Bilateral ovariectomy (OVX) was used to induce osteoporosis. Four major groups (n = 8) were created: PRE (OVX + pre-implantation teriparatide administration), POST (OVX + post-implantation administration), OP (OVX + normal saline (NS)) and SHAM (sham rats + NS). Half of rats (n = 4) in each group were euthanized respectively at 4 weeks or 8 weeks after implantation surgery, and four major groups were divided into eight subgroups (PRE4 to SHAM8). Tibiae were collected for micro-CT morphometry, biomechanical test and undecalcified sections analysis.

Results
Compared to OP group, rats in PRE and SHAM groups had a higher value of insertion torque (p < 0.05). The micro-CT analysis, biomechanical test, and histological data showed that peri-implant trabecular growth, implants fixation and bone-implant contact (BIC) were increased after 4 or 8 weeks of teriparatide treatment (p < 0.05). There was no statistically difference in those parameters between PRE4 and POST8 subgroups (p > 0.05).

Conclusions
In osteoporotic rats, post-implantation administration of teriparatide enhanced peri-implant bone formation and this effect was stronger as the medicine was taken longer. Pre-implantation teriparatide treatment improved primary implant stability and accelerated the osseointegration process.
A case of acinar cell carcinoma originating from the accessory papilla of the duodenum
Authors: Narita Kiyoshi , Okuno Masataka , Natsume Seiji , Asano Tomonari , Saito Hisafumi , Negita Masashi , Ito Seiji , Komori Koji , Abe Tetsuya , Hara Kazuo , Okuno Nozomi , Hosoda Waki , Shimizu Yasuhiro 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Case presentation
A 61-year-old female was referred to our hospital with a neoplastic lesion in the duodenum. Computed tomography with contrast enhancement revealed a 10-mm tumor in the duodenum. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed a submucosal tumor-like lesion in the descending part of the duodenum. Endoscopic ultrasound revealed a well-defined hypoechoic tumor. Biopsy and immunohistochemical findings including negative Synaptophysin and Chromogranin A staining and positive Trypsin and BCL10 staining suggested a carcinoma with acinar cell differentiation. Pancreatoduodenectomy was performed, and the resected specimen had a 15-mm solid nodule in the submucosal layer of the duodenum. Pancreatogram of the resected specimen revealed a tumor localized in the accessory papilla region. In histopathological examination, the tumor was found in the submucosa of the duodenum with pancreatic tissue present nearby, and these were separated from the pancreatic parenchyma by the duodenal muscle layer. These findings led to a diagnosis of acinar cell carcinoma originating from the accessory papilla of the duodenum.

Conclusion
Acinar cell carcinoma originating from the accessory papilla of the duodenum is exceptionally rare, with no reported cases to date. The origin was considered to be pancreatic tissue located in the accessory papilla region.
Physical Activity and Self-Determination towards Exercise among Esports Athletes
Authors: Nicholson Mitchell , Thompson Courtney , Poulus Dylan , Pavey Toby , Robergs Rob , Kelly Vincent , McNulty Craig 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Esports is competitive video gaming, performed within teams or individually, across multiple genres. Players are required to be sedentary for extended periods and require a high-level of cognitive skills for successful competitive performance. There are conflicting findings within the physical activity research in the esports industry. The aim of this research is to explore self-reported physical activity through accelerometer-assessed physical activity, to gain a better insight into the physical activity behaviours of international e’athletes.

Method
Participants (n = 796) across multiple popular esports games, holding any in-game rank, competing at any level, were recruited. The survey consisted of demographic details, esports experience, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Long Form (IPAQ-LF), and Behavioural Regulations towards Exercise Questionnaire (BREQ-3). Within a convenience sample, local intervarsity e’athletes (n = 18) were recruited to wear a wrist-worn accelerometer to measure physical activity for 7-days and then complete the survey. Results from the accelerometers were compared to the survey results to explore physical activity reporting within this population.

Results
When comparing IPAQ-LF to accelerometer data, players significantly over-report moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and weekly MET-min− 1 (p = .018, r = .63 and p ≤ .001, r = .92). The BREQ-3 showed that e’athletes categorised as high physical activity displayed significantly higher levels of intrinsic motivation, when compared to players categorised as low and moderate physical activity.

Conclusions
E’athletes significantly over report physical activity time when measured through the IPAQ-LF, suggesting previous surveys may overestimate physical activity and further research is needed. Given the exponential growth of the industry and the level of physical inactivity, esports may contribute to global physical inactivity levels.
“I have come to remove it because of heavy bleeding”: a mixed-methods study on early contraceptive implant removal and the underlying factors in eastern Uganda
Authors: Abiyo Janet , Nabirye Rose Chalo , Nambozo Brendah , Mukunya David , Nantale Ritah , Oguttu Faith , Wani Solomon , Musaba Milton W. , Tumuhamye Josephine , Epuitai Joshua 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Early contraceptive implant removal without intentions to conceive predisposes women to unintended pregnancies.. Some of the unintended pregnancies end in unsafe abortions which further increases the risk of maternal mortality and morbidity. Therefore, we assessed the proportion of women who had early contraceptive implant removal. We also explored the reasons for early contraceptive implant removalamong women at Mbale Regional Referral Hospital in eastern Uganda.

Methods
We conducted a sequential explanatory mixed methods study at Mbale Regional Referral Hospital between November 2022 to December 2022. For quantitative data, we performed a secondary analysis on data extracted from the integrated family planning registers. We used systematic random sampling to select 600 clients’ serial numbers from the registers. The outcome variable was early contraceptive implant removal defined as removal of the implant by the woman before 18 months from the time of insertion. For qualitative data, we conducted 11 in-depth interviews among women who had come for contraceptive implant removal at the family planning clinic. We also conducted two key informant interviews with midwives working at the family planning unit. Quantitative data were analysed using Stata version 14.0 (Stata Corp LLC, College Station, Texas, USA) while qualitative data were analysed by thematic content analysis.

Results
In this study, 15% (91/600) of the women discontinued contraceptive implants within 12 months, 29% (175/600) within 18 months, 38% (230/600) within 24 months and 40% (240/600) within 36 months of insertion. Among the women who discontinued contraceptive implant use, only 6.7% (40/600) switched to another family planning method. Out of the 175 women who removed contraceptive implants early, side effects 61.1% (107/175) desire to conceive 53.1% ( 93/175),, and gender-based violence 8.6% (15/175) were the major reasons for removal. From the qualitative interviews, the major reasons for early contraceptive implant removal were side effects such as heavy menstrualbleeding.

Conclusion
A third of women discontinued contraceptive implant use within 18 months. Addressing concerns regarding side effects and male partner disapproval of modern contraceptives may improve continued use of implants.
Phantom-based analysis of variations in automatic exposure control across three mammography systems: implications for radiation dose and image quality in mammography, DBT, and CEM
Authors: Gennaro Gisella , Del Genio Sara , Manco Giuseppe , Caumo Francesca 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Automatic exposure control (AEC) plays a crucial role in mammography by determining the exposure conditions needed to achieve specific image quality based on the absorption characteristics of compressed breasts. This study aimed to characterize the behavior of AEC for digital mammography (DM), digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT), and low-energy (LE) and high-energy (HE) acquisitions used in contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM) for three mammography systems from two manufacturers.

Methods
Using phantoms simulating various breast thicknesses, 363 studies were acquired using all available AEC modes 165 DM, 132 DBT, and 66 LE-CEM and HE-CEM. AEC behaviors were compared across systems and modalities to assess the impact of different technical components and manufacturers’ strategies on the resulting mean glandular doses (MGDs) and image quality metrics such as contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR).

Results
For all systems and modalities, AEC increased MGD for increasing phantom thicknesses and decreased CNR. The median MGD values (interquartile ranges) were 1.135 mGy (0.772–1.668) for DM, 1.257 mGy (0.971–1.863) for DBT, 1.280 mGy (0.937–1.878) for LE-CEM, and 0.630 mGy (0.397–0.713) for HE-CEM. Medians CNRs were 14.2 (7.8–20.2) for DM, 4.91 (2.58–7.20) for a single projection in DBT, 11.9 (8.0–18.2) for LE-CEM, and 5.2 (3.6–9.2) for HE-CEM. AECs showed high repeatability, with variations lower than 5% for all modes in DM, DBT, and CEM.

Conclusions
The study revealed substantial differences in AEC behavior between systems, modalities, and AEC modes, influenced by technical components and manufacturers’ strategies, with potential implications in radiation dose and image quality in clinical settings.

Relevance statement
The study emphasized the central role of automatic exposure control in DM, DBT, and CEM acquisitions and the great variability in dose and image quality among manufacturers and between modalities. Caution is needed when generalizing conclusions about differences across mammography modalities.

Key points
• AEC plays a crucial role in DM, DBT, and CEM.
• AEC determines the “optimal” exposure conditions needed to achieve specific image quality.
• The study revealed substantial differences in AEC behavior, influenced by differences in technical components and strategies.

Graphical Abstract
Optimization of process parameters of 3D printed thermoplastic elastomeric materials using statistical modeling with particular reference to mechanical properties and print quality
Authors: Awasthi Pratiksha , Kumar Arun , Pandey Pulak Mohan , Banerjee Shib Shankar 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAdditive manufacturing of thermoplastic elastomeric material (TPE) using direct ink writing (DIW) based printing technique opens new horizons for various applications. However, the most crucial process in DIW 3D printing is the optimization of printing parameters to obtain high-quality products both in terms of aesthetics and strength. In this work, statistical models were developed considering layer height, print speed, and, ink concentration to obtain the optimized print quality product from the blend of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)/ epichlorohydrin − ethylene oxide − allyl glycidyl ether elastomer (GECO) based TPE materials. Experiments were designed according to the central composite design (CCD) scheme and the influence of input printing parameters on shrinkage and tensile strength was analyzed. The significance of each parameter was systematically studied using the response surface method. For both responses, shrinkage, and tensile strength, printing speed was found to be the most significant parameter. Ink concentration significantly affected tensile strength with a contribution of ∼ 34%. On the other hand, the layer height, with a contribution of ∼ 22% significantly affected the shrinkage behaviour of the 3D printed sample. Finally, multi-objective optimization was performed using a genetic algorithm to identify the optimal 3D printing parameters of the developed TPE materials.
Unveiling the clinical spectrum of relapsing polychondritis: insights into its pathogenesis, novel monogenic causes, and therapeutic strategies
Authors: Bica Blanca E R G , de Souza Alexandre Wagner S , Pereira Ivânio Alves 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRelapsing polychondritis is a rare multisystem disease involving cartilaginous and proteoglycan-rich structures. The diagnosis of this disease is mainly suggested by the presence of flares of inflammation of the cartilage, particularly in the ears, nose or respiratory tract, and more rarely, in the presence of other manifestations. The spectrum of clinical presentations may vary from intermittent episodes of painful and often disfiguring auricular and nasal chondritis to an occasional organ or even life-threatening manifestations such as lower airway collapse. There is a lack of awareness about this disease is mainly due to its rarity. In 2020, VEXAS (vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, autoinflammatory, somatic) syndrome, a novel autoinflammatory syndrome, was described. VEXAS syndrome is attributed to somatic mutations in methionine-41 of UBA1, the major E1 enzyme that initiates ubiquitylation. This new disease entity connects seemingly unrelated conditions: systemic inflammatory syndromes (relapsing chondritis, Sweet’s syndrome, and neutrophilic dermatosis) and hematologic disorders (myelodysplastic syndrome or multiple myeloma). Therefore, this article reviews the current literature on both disease entities.
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and macrophage activation syndrome: two rare sides of the same devastating coin
Authors: Sztajnbok Flavio , Fonseca Adriana Rodrigues , Campos Leonardo Rodrigues , Lino Kátia , Rodrigues Marta Cristine Félix , Silva Rodrigo Moulin , de Almeida Rozana Gasparello , Perazzio Sandro Félix , Carvalho Margarida de Fátima Fernandes 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare genetic hyperinflammatory syndrome that occurs early in life. Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) usually refers to a secondary form of HLH associated with autoimmunity, although there are other causes of secondary HLH, such as infections and malignancy. In this article, we reviewed the concepts, epidemiology, clinical and laboratory features, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of HLH and MAS. We also reviewed the presence of MAS in the most common autoimmune diseases that affect children. Both are severe diseases that require prompt diagnosis and treatment to avoid morbidity and mortality.
Association between genetic polymorphisms and other attributing factors with lipid profiles among statin users: a cross-sectional retrospective study
Authors: Shamsudin Amirul Faez , Sulong Sarina , Ahmad Imran , Bakar Nur Salwani 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundStatins are well known for their efficacy to improve lipid profiles. Their efficacy varies between individuals and can be modified by patient factors such as genetic polymorphisms. This study used a cross-sectional retrospective design to assess the effect of selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and other patient-specific clinical variables on statin-related lipid profile changes in a subgroup of Malaysians. The impact of low and moderate intensity of statin doses (10–40 mg/day for at least six weeks), regardless of statin types, was assessed between SNPs of previously identified genes with clinical relation to statin efficacy and lipid profile changes before (baseline) and after statin treatment; two ranges of treatment durations, i.e. ≤ 6 months and 7–12 months. DNA was extracted from patient's venous blood (3 mL), and SNP genotyping was performed using PCR–RFLP method. Using a dominant genetic model, the association between selected SNPs from six genes of interest (ABCG2,ABCC2,APOE,APOA5,GATMandCOQ2) and the patients' lipid profiles was investigated.ResultsA total of 229 statin-treated patients were included. The mean age of the patients was 53 ± 7.16 years, and they were mostly females (53.3%), Malay (96.1%), and were taking atorvastatin and simvastatin (90.4%). Seven SNPs genotyped from six genes investigated were related to different lipid profile before and after statin treatment. At baseline,ABCG2rs2231142 (P = 0.035) andAPOA5rs662799 (P = 0.007) variants had higher HDL-c levels, whileABCC2rs717620 variants had higher TC (P = 0.040) and LDL-c levels (P = 0.022). Following statin treatment,ABCC2rs717620 (lower TG,P = 0.009) andAPOA5rs662799 (higher HDL,P = 0.031; lower TG,P = 0.037) were associated with improved lipid profiles, with the association being substantially related to males carrying minor alleles of the SNPs. None of the investigated SNPs were related to significant statin-related LDL-c lowering effects during statin therapy.ConclusionTo better understand inter-individual heterogeneity in lipid profiles during statin therapy, it would be helpful to take patient genetics and gender into consideration before and after administering statins.
Overcoming tight perihilar malignant biliary obstructions during percutaneous biliary intervention in Nigerian patients: case reports
Authors: Ninalowo Hammed A. , Adenigba Peter T. , Oluyemi Aderemi O. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
A major challenge of either endoscopic or percutaneous approach to placing palliative biliary stents is the difficulty in traversing tight perihilar malignant obstructions. This can be overcome with a rendezvous approach (combined endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)/percutaneous approach) or may require initial placement of an external drain and reattempting later. Interventional radiology for biliary obstruction is still in infant days in our locality. Herein, we describe two cases of perihilar malignant biliary obstruction (MBO) managed at a private facility in Lagos, Nigeria, in which we had to come up with a creative approach to crossing these tight junctions in the absence of ERCP facilities. This was done by securing percutaneous retrograde access into the common bile duct and combining it with the initially unsuccessful anterograde approach. In both cases, this combined percutaneous anterograde/retrograde approach resulted in successful traversal of the malignant obstruction and placement of internal biliary stents.

Case presentation
We present the case of two elderly patients with tight malignant biliary obstruction (MBO), one from a suspected cholangiocarcinoma and the other from hepatic metastatic colorectal carcinoma. Both patients had successful traversal of the obstruction via a combined percutaneous anterograde/retrograde approach and biliary stenting.

Conclusions
Our case reports demonstrate an unusual approach that should assist interventional radiologists in resource-limited setting who seek for a viable option to those presently available for traversing perihilar MBOs in the percutaneous placement of internal stents.
Comparison of Repeat Versus Initial Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations: A Retrospective Multicenter Matched Cohort Study
Authors: Orrego Gonzalez Eduardo , Mantziaris Georgios , Shaaban Ahmed , Starke Robert M. , Ding Dale , Lee John Y. K. , Mathieu David , Kondziolka Douglas , Feliciano Caleb , Grills Inga S. , Barnett Gene H. , Lunsford L. Dade , Liščák Roman , Lee Cheng-chia , Martinez Álvarez Roberto , Peker Selcuk , Samanci Yavuz , Cockroft Kevin M. , Tripathi Manjul , Palmer Joshua D. , Zada Gabriel , Cifarelli Christopher P. , Nabeel Ahmed M. , Pikis Stylianos , Sheehan Jason P. 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Studies comparing neurological and radiographic outcomes of repeat to initial stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) intracranial arteriovenous malformations are scarce. Our aim was to perform a retrospective matched comparison of patients initially treated with SRS with those undergoing a second radiosurgical procedure.

METHODS:
We collected data from arteriovenous malformations managed in 21 centers that underwent initial and repeated radiosurgery from 1987 to 2022. Based on arteriovenous malformations volume, margin dose, deep venous drainage, deep, and critical location, we matched 1:1 patients who underwent an initial SRS for treatment-naive arteriovenous malformations and a group with repeated SRS treatment.

RESULTS:
After the selection process, our sample consisted of 328 patients in each group. Obliteration in the initial SRs group was 35.8% at 3 and 56.7% at 5 years post-SRS, while the repeat SRS group showed obliteration rates of 33.9% at 3 years and 58.6% at 5 years, without statistically significant differences (P = .75 and P = .88, respectively). There were no statistically significant differences between the 2 groups for obliteration rates (hazard ratio = 0.93; 95% CI, 0.77-1.13; P = .5), overall radiation-induced changes (RIC) (OR = 1.1; 95% CI, 0.75-1.6; P = .6), symptomatic RIC (OR = 0.78; 95% CI, 0.4-1.5; P = .4), and post-SRS hemorrhage (OR = 0.68; 95% CI; P = .3).

CONCLUSION:
In matched cohort analysis, a second SRS provides comparable outcomes in obliteration and RIC compared with the initial SRS. Dose reduction on repeat SRS may not be warranted.
Sulfuric acid ingestion: may the severity of the metabolic acidosis be considered as a predictive sign of late damage to the gastrointestinal tract?
Authors: Mastrodicasa Elisa 
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Caustic substances ingestion results in a complex syndrome. The patient characteristics and severity of injury are important prognostic predictors. The monitoring of clinical changes and the multidisciplinary approach are necessary to prevent death in the early stages of the poisoning. Case description: The case report describes the suicide of a woman by ingestion of a large amount of 15% sulfuric acid for suicidal purposes (15–20 ml). The initial conditions were stable, and no changes were found on a CT scan. However, the main sign was a severe metabolic acidosis. After 7 hours, haematemesis and oedema of the larynx appeared, and oro-tracheal intubation and ICU admission were necessary. Consequent progressive haemodynamic deterioration with persistent severe metabolic acidosis, increasing lactates and septic shock appeared. A new CT scan with contrast was performed 22 hours later detecting diffuse perforations and liquid in pleurae and abdomen. A pleural sample showed necrotic liquid. The death was 24 hours after ingestion and no surgical treatment was performed because of the diffuse lesions to the thoracoabdominal districts. Conclusions: Early detection of gastroenteric lesions and the monitoring of clinical changes are mandatory to avoid the death of the patient. Gastroenteric perforations require an immediate radiological evaluation and surgical treatment. The clinical case report states the severity of prognosis was related to high doses of sulfuric acid ingestion. The immediate metabolic acidosis is related to quick subsequent severe systemic pathological lesions of the gastrointestinal tract. The severity of absorption metabolic acidosis, consequently, may be an early and prognostic sign of the late chest and abdominal lesions.