bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determination of M1/M2 Macrophage Polarization in Ipsilateral and Contralateral Rat Testis Tissue Following Unilateral Torsion/Detorsion
Authors: Balgetir Merve Kavak , Tektemur Nalan Kaya , Tektemur Ahmet , Türk Gaffari , Güngör İbrahim Halil , Cihangiroglu Aslıhan Cakir , Akkoç Ramazan Fazıl , Kuloglu Tuncay , Dabak Durrin Ozlem 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe present study investigates the changes in M1/M2 macrophage polarization resulting from unilateral testicular torsion in the bilateral testis. The study sample included 63 male Sprague–Dawley rats, which were randomly divided into nine groups (n = 7): Control, Sham (4 h (4 h), 24 h, 7 days (7d), 14d), and Torsion/Detorsion (T/D) (4 h, 24 h, 7d, 14d). Histopathological evaluations revealed no changes in the Sham groups, while T/D was noted to cause edema, vascular occlusion, disruption of seminiferous tubule epithelial organization, germ cell abnormalities and structural anomalies in the experimental rats, the severity and extent of which increased from 4 h to 14d after T/D. The Cosentino scores used to determine the degree of histological damage were consistent with the histopathological findings in all groups, while the Johnsen scores, as a marker of spermatogenesis, were lower in the T/D groups. Seminiferous tubule diameters and germinal epithelial thickness decreased significantly in parallel with increased tubule damage in the ipsilateral testicles. Testicular torsion significantly affected sperm motility, with significant reductions observed in the T/D 7d and T/D 14d groups. A hormone profile analysis revealed decreased testosterone levels in both the Sham and T/D groups when compared to the Controls. CD68 and CD163 immunoreactivities, as M1 and M2 macrophage surface markers, were determined in the testicular tissue using the avidin–biotin-peroxidase complex method. T/D interventions caused M1/M2 macrophage polarization changes and increased M1 macrophages, particularly in contralateral testicular tissue. The increase in M1 macrophages in contralateral testicular tissue following T/D in the present study suggests that cell processes, including macrophages, may play an important role in contralateral testicular injury.
Impact of marine industrial agglomeration on high-quality marine economic development: the mediating effect of knowledge spillover
Authors: Wang Keliang , Ru Xiangxiang , Cheng Yunhe 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIndustrial agglomeration significantly influences economic development; however, its impact on high-quality economic growth within the marine industry remains understudied. We conducted a study using panel data from 11 coastal provinces in China (2008–2020) and used the entropy method to quantify high-quality marine economic development (HQMED). Our study meticulously examines the direct, mediating, and nonlinear effects of marine industrial agglomeration (MIA) on HQMED. The key findings include the following: (1) There is a steady HQMED growth and reduced interprovincial gaps. (2) MIA significantly enhances local HQMED and leads to positive spatial spillover to adjacent regions. (3) The analysis of the mediating effect highlights the pivotal role of knowledge spillover in MIA’s influence on HQMED. (4) Threshold analysis shows significant MIA effects on local and neighboring HQMED using knowledge spillover as a threshold variable. The study’s findings hold theoretical and practical significance and guide MIA’s role in fostering sustainable marine economic development in China.
#BringBackOurGirls: Transnational Activism and the Remediation of the 2014 Chibok Girls’ Kidnapping in Nigeria
Authors: Onah Chijioke K. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn April 2014, Boko Haram kidnapped almost three hundred girls attending school in Chibok, Nigeria. The #BringBackOurGirls campaign emerged as a global activist movement in the aftermath of that kidnapping. Onah’s article analyzes the global mediascapes of the campaign to show the mnemonic affordances of the Chibok girls’ kidnapping and the intermedial dynamics that coalesced to make it a global memory phenomenon. By foregrounding the transhistorical and intermedial connections at the core of the #BringBackOurGirls campaign, it consolidates the understanding of remediation in memory studies. Consequently, Onah proposes new ways to understand African memorial traditions and testimonial practices in an increasingly hyperconnected world.
Predicting the scaling relations between the dark matter halo mass and observables from generalised profiles II: Intracluster gas emission
Authors: Sullivan Andrew , Power Chris , Bottrell Connor , Robotham Aaron , Shabala Stanislav 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We investigate the connection between a cluster’s structural configuration and observable measures of its gas emission that can be obtained in X-ray and Sunyaev–Zeldovich (SZ) surveys. We present an analytic model for the intracluster gas density profile: parameterised by the dark matter halo’s inner logarithmic density slope,

$\alpha$

, the concentration, c, the gas profile’s inner logarithmic density slope,

$\varepsilon$

, the dilution, d, and the gas fraction,

$\eta$

, normalised to cosmological content. We predict four probes of the gas emission: the emission-weighted,

$T_\mathrm{X}$

, and mean gas mass-weighted,

$T_\mathrm{m_g}$

, temperatures, and the spherically,

$Y_\mathrm{sph}$

, and cylindrically,

$Y_\mathrm{cyl}$

, integrated Compton parameters. Over a parameter space of clusters, we constrain the X-ray temperature scaling relations,

$M_{200} - T_\mathrm{X}$

and

$M_{500} - T_\mathrm{X}$

, within

$57.3\%$

and

$41.6\%$

, and

$M_{200} - T_\mathrm{m_g}$

and

$M_{500} - T_\mathrm{m_g}$

, within

$25.7\%$

and

$7.0\%$

, all respectively. When excising the cluster’s core, the

$M_{200} - T_\mathrm{X}$

and

$M_{500} - T_\mathrm{X}$

relations are further constrained, to within

$31.3\%$

and

$17.1\%$

, respectively. Similarly, we constrain the SZ scaling relations,

$M_{200} - Y_\mathrm{sph}$

and

$M_{500} - Y_\mathrm{sph}$

, within

$31.1\%$

and

$17.7\%$

, and

$M_{200} - Y_\mathrm{cyl}$

and

$M_{500} - Y_\mathrm{cyl}$

, within

$25.2\%$

and

$22.0\%$

, all respectively. The temperature observable

$T_\mathrm{m_g}$

places the strongest constraint on the halo mass, whilst

$T_\mathrm{X}$

is more sensitive to the parameter space. The SZ constraints are sensitive to the gas fraction, whilst insensitive to the form of the gas profile itself. In all cases, the halo mass is recovered with an uncertainty that suggests the cluster’s structural profiles only contribute a minor uncertainty in its scaling relations.
Diagonal decision theory
Authors: Fusco Melissa 
Published: March 2024

AbstractStalnaker’s ‘Assertion’ (1978 [1999]) offers a classic account of diagonalization as an approach to the meaning of a declarative sentence in context. Here I explore the relationship between diagonalization and some puzzles in Mahtani’s book The Objects of Credence. Diagonalization can influence how we think about both credence and desirability, so it influences both components of a standard expected utility equation. In that vein, I touch on two of Mahtani’s case-studies, chance and the finite version of the Two Envelope Paradox.
Probabilistically coherent credences despite opacity
Authors: List Christian 
Published: March 2024

AbstractReal human agents, even when they are rational by everyday standards, sometimes assign different credences to objectively equivalent statements, such as ‘Orwell is a writer’ and ‘E.A. Blair is a writer’, or credences less than 1 to necessarily true statements, such as not-yet-proven theorems of arithmetic. Anna Mahtani calls this the phenomenon of ‘opacity’. Opaque credences seem probabilistically incoherent, which goes against a key modelling assumption of probability theory. I sketch a modelling strategy for capturing opaque credence assignments without abandoning probabilistic coherence. I draw on ideas from judgement-aggregation theory, where we face similar challenges of defining the ‘objects of judgement’.
Bicuspidisation of unicuspid stenotic pulmonary valve in a nine-year-old male
Authors: Anghel Florin , Badiu Catalin Constantin , Poncelet Alain J. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe report the case of a 9-year-old male with severe congenital pulmonary valve stenosis referred to our centre for percutaneous valvotomy. On admission, trans-thoracic echocardiogram confirmed a unicuspid pulmonary valve with a peak/mean pulmonary valve gradient of 91/53 mmHg and a pulmonary annulus of 13.8 mm (−0.8 Z Score). It also showed an enlarged RV (RV/LV ratio 0,9). During cardiac catheterisation, an additional atrial septal defect (secundum) with significant left to right shunt (Qp/Qs > 2) was diagnosed, which was not amenable to percutaneous closure. The patient was referred for surgical repair.The atrial septal defect was closed by a direct running suture. The repair of the unicuspid valve consisted in bicuspidisation by a large commissurotomy to the left anterior wall of the pulmonary artery. The neo-commissure was created with two separate patches of autologous pericardium secured to the wall of the pulmonary root. The adjustment of the effective height of the pulmonary valve leaflets was done by trimming the patches and a triangular plication of the newly created posterior leaflet. Perioperative echocardiogram showed a peak gradient of 15 mm Hg and trivial pulmonary regurgitation. The total cross-clamp time was 92 min and the bypass time 123 min with a favourable evolution after the surgery.The particularity of the case is represented by the complexity of the bicuspidisation procedure. Using this technique, a tailored approach is needed for every patient.
Nutritional impact of no-added sugar fruit puree consumption at different eating occasions: a modelling study on French children
Authors: Poinsot Romane , Richonnet Céline , Vieux Florent 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objective:
The recommended level of five fruits and vegetables per day is reached by a minority of French children. No-added sugars fruit puree (NASFP) can be consumed as a complement of fresh fruit to meet the recommendation for fruits and vegetables. The objective was to simulate the nutritional impact of an increase in consumption of NASFP among French children, together with a reduction in sweetened foods.

Design:
The study was conducted on French children aged 1–17 years. The simulation consisted in introducing NASFP on four different eating occasions (breakfast, lunch, snack and dinner) to reach one serving and removing the same serving of sweetened foods. Intakes in nutrients to favour, nutrients to limit and prevalence of adequacy to nutritional requirements were compared between observed and simulated diets in the whole sample and in five different age groups.

Setting:
France.

Participants:
Children from 1 to 17 years of age in the last available French representative dietary survey (INCA3).

Results:
Simulated diets were more nutrient-dense thanks to increases in nutrients to favour from NASFP (especially fibres, iodine, Se, and vitamin A and C) associated with reductions in energy and nutrients to limit (especially free sugars) coming from sweetened foods. Prevalence of adequacy increased from 2 to 14·5 points for fibres and from 4·5 to 12 points for free sugars according to age group and eating occasion.

Conclusion:
Promoting NASFP in replacement of sweetened products is a promising strategy to improve the nutritional quality of French children’s diet through a better adherence to national guidelines.
Process Modeling of Aerosol‐Cloud Interaction in Summertime Precipitating Shallow Cumulus Over the Western North Atlantic
Authors: Li Xiang‐Yu , Wang Hailong , Christensen Matthew W. , Chen Jingyi , Tang Shuaiqi , Kirschler Simon , Crosbie Ewan , Ziemba Luke D. , Painemal David , Corral Andrea F. , McCauley Kayla Ann , Dmitrovic Sanja , Sorooshian Armin , Fenn Marta , Schlosser Joseph S. , Stamnes Snorre , Hair Johnathan W. , Cairns Brian , Moore Richard , Ferrare Richard Anthony , Shook Michael A. , Choi Yonghoon , Diskin Glenn S. , DiGangi Joshua , Nowak John B. , Robinson Claire , Shingler Taylor J. , Lee Thornhill Kenneth , Voigt Christiane 
Published: March 2024

AbstractProcess modeling of Aerosol‐cloud interaction (ACI) is essential to bridging gaps between observational analysis and climate modeling of aerosol effects in the Earth system and eventually reducing climate projection uncertainties. In this study, we examine ACI in summertime precipitating shallow cumuli observed during the Aerosol Cloud meTeorology Interactions oVer the western ATlantic Experiment (ACTIVATE). Aerosols and precipitating shallow cumuli were extensively observed with in‐situ and remote‐sensing instruments during two research flight cases on 02 June and 07 June, respectively, during the ACTIVATE summer 2021 deployment phase. We perform observational analysis and large‐eddy simulation (LES) of aerosol effect on precipitating cumulus in these two cases. Given the measured aerosol size distributions and meteorological conditions, LES is able to reproduce the observed cloud properties by aircraft such as liquid water content (LWC), cloud droplet number concentration (Nc) and effective radius reff. However, it produces smaller liquid water path (LWP) and larger Nc compared to the satellite retrievals. Both 02 and 07 June cases are over warm waters of the Gulf Stream and have a cloud top height over 3 km, but the 07 June case is more polluted and has larger LWC. We find that the Na‐induced LWP adjustment is dominated by precipitation feedback for the 2 June precipitating case and there is no clear entrainment feedback in both cases. An increase of cloud fraction due to a decrease of aerosol number concentration is also shown in the simulations for the 02 June case.
A Non‐Intrusive Machine Learning Framework for Debiasing Long‐Time Coarse Resolution Climate Simulations and Quantifying Rare Events Statistics
Authors: Barthel Sorensen B. , Charalampopoulos A. , Zhang S. , Harrop B. E. , Leung L. R. , Sapsis T. P. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDue to the rapidly changing climate, the frequency and severity of extreme weather is expected to increase over the coming decades. As fully‐resolved climate simulations remain computationally intractable, policy makers must rely on coarse‐models to quantify risk for extremes. However, coarse models suffer from inherent bias due to the ignored “sub‐grid” scales. We propose a framework tonon‐intrusivelydebias coarse‐resolution climate predictions using neural‐network (NN) correction operators. Previous efforts have attempted to train such operators using loss functions that match statistics. However, this approach falls short with events that have longer return period than that of the training data, since the reference statistics have not converged. Here, the scope is to formulate a learning method that allows for correction of dynamics and quantification of extreme events with longer return period than the training data. The key obstacle is the chaotic nature of the underlying dynamics. To overcome this challenge, we introduce a dynamical systems approach where the correction operator is trained using reference data and a coarse model simulationnudgedtoward that reference. The method is demonstrated on debiasing an under‐resolved quasi‐geostrophic model and the Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM). For the former, our method enables the quantification of events that have return period two orders longer than the training data. For the latter, when trained on 8 years of ERA5 data, our approach is able to correct the coarse E3SM output to closely reflect the 36‐year ERA5 statistics for all prognostic variables and significantly reduce their spatial biases.
Immunophenotypes in psychosis: is it a premature inflamm-aging disorder?
Authors: Chen Song , Tan Yunlong , Tian Li 
Published: March 2024

AbstractImmunopsychiatric field has rapidly accumulated evidence demonstrating the involvement of both innate and adaptive immune components in psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia. Nevertheless, researchers are facing dilemmas of discrepant findings of immunophenotypes both outside and inside the brains of psychotic patients, as discovered by recent meta-analyses. These discrepancies make interpretations and interrogations on their roles in psychosis remain vague and even controversial, regarding whether certain immune cells are more activated or less so, and whether they are causal or consequential, or beneficial or harmful for psychosis. Addressing these issues for psychosis is not at all trivial, as immune cells either outside or inside the brain are an enormously heterogeneous and plastic cell population, falling into a vast range of lineages and subgroups, and functioning differently and malleably in context-dependent manners. This review aims to overview the currently known immunophenotypes of patients with psychosis, and provocatively suggest the premature immune “burnout” or inflamm-aging initiated since organ development as a potential primary mechanism behind these immunophenotypes and the pathogenesis of psychotic disorders.
Associations between antipsychotics-induced weight gain and brain networks of impulsivity
Authors: Grosu Claire , Klauser Paul , Dwir Daniella , Khadimallah Ines , Alemán-Gómez Yasser , Laaboub Nermine , Piras Marianna , Fournier Margot , Preisig Martin , Conus Philippe , Draganski Bogdan , Eap Chin B. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractGiven the unpredictable rapid onset and ubiquitous consequences of weight gain induced by antipsychotics, there is a pressing need to get insights into the underlying processes at the brain system level that will allow stratification of “at risk” patients. The pathophysiological hypothesis at hand is focused on brain networks governing impulsivity that are modulated by neuro-inflammatory processes. To this aim, we investigated brain anatomy and functional connectivity in patients with early psychosis (median age: 23 years, IQR = 21–27) using anthropometric data and magnetic resonance imaging acquired one month to one year after initiation of AP medication. Our analyses included 19 patients with high and rapid weight gain (i.e., ≥5% from baseline weight after one month) and 23 patients with low weight gain (i.e., <5% from baseline weight after one month). We replicated our analyses in young (26 years, IQR = 22–33, N = 102) and middle-aged (56 years, IQR = 51–62, N = 875) healthy individuals from the general population. In early psychosis patients, higher weight gain was associated with poor impulse control score (β = 1.35; P = 0.03). Here, the observed brain differences comprised nodes of impulsivity networks - reduced frontal lobe grey matter volume (Pcorrected = 0.007) and higher striatal volume (Pcorrected = 0.048) paralleled by disruption of fronto-striatal functional connectivity (R = −0.32; P = 0.04). Weight gain was associated with the inflammatory biomarker plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (β = 4.9, P = 0.002). There was no significant association between increased BMI or weight gain and brain anatomy characteristics in both cohorts of young and middle-aged healthy individuals. Our findings support the notion of weight gain in treated psychotic patients associated with poor impulse control, impulsivity-related brain networks and chronic inflammation.
End-stage ADPKD with a low-frequency PKD1 mosaic variant accelerated by chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Hanafusa Hiroaki , Yamaguchi Hiroshi , Morisada Naoya , YE Ming Juan , Matsumoto Riki , Nagase Hiroaki , Nozu Kandai 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is commonly caused by PKD1, and mosaic PKD1 variants result in milder phenotypes. We present the case of a 32 year-old male with chronic active Epstein–Barr virus who underwent bone marrow transplantation with chemoradiotherapy at age 9. Despite a low-frequency mosaic splicing PKD1 variant, he developed severe renal cysts and end-stage renal disease in his 30 s. This case highlights how environmental factors may contribute to the genetic predisposition to ADPKD.
Remodeling of the postsynaptic proteome in male mice and marmosets during synapse development
Authors: Kaizuka Takeshi , Suzuki Takehiro , Kishi Noriyuki , Tamada Kota , Kilimann Manfred W. , Ueyama Takehiko , Watanabe Masahiko , Shimogori Tomomi , Okano Hideyuki , Dohmae Naoshi , Takumi Toru 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPostsynaptic proteins play crucial roles in synaptic function and plasticity. During brain development, alterations in synaptic number, shape, and stability occur, known as synapse maturation. However, the postsynaptic protein composition changes during development are not fully understood. Here, we show the trajectory of the postsynaptic proteome in developing male mice and common marmosets. Proteomic analysis of mice at 2, 3, 6, and 12 weeks of age shows that proteins involved in synaptogenesis are differentially expressed during this period. Analysis of published transcriptome datasets shows that the changes in postsynaptic protein composition in the mouse brain after 2 weeks of age correlate with gene expression changes. Proteomic analysis of marmosets at 0, 2, 3, 6, and 24 months of age show that the changes in the marmoset brain can be categorized into two parts: the first 2 months and after that. The changes observed in the first 2 months are similar to those in the mouse brain between 2 and 12 weeks of age. The changes observed in marmoset after 2 months old include differential expression of synaptogenesis-related molecules, which hardly overlap with that in mice. Our results provide a comprehensive proteomic resource that underlies developmental synapse maturation in rodents and primates.
A dual diffusion model enables 3D molecule generation and lead optimization based on target pockets
Authors: Huang Lei , Xu Tingyang , Yu Yang , Zhao Peilin , Chen Xingjian , Han Jing , Xie Zhi , Li Hailong , Zhong Wenge , Wong Ka-Chun , Zhang Hengtong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractStructure-based generative chemistry is essential in computer-aided drug discovery by exploring a vast chemical space to design ligands with high binding affinity for targets. However, traditional in silico methods are limited by computational inefficiency, while machine learning approaches face bottlenecks due to auto-regressive sampling. To address these concerns, we have developed a conditional deep generative model, PMDM, for 3D molecule generation fitting specified targets. PMDM consists of a conditional equivariant diffusion model with both local and global molecular dynamics, enabling PMDM to consider the conditioned protein information to generate molecules efficiently. The comprehensive experiments indicate that PMDM outperforms baseline models across multiple evaluation metrics. To evaluate the applications of PMDM under real drug design scenarios, we conduct lead compound optimization for SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro) and Cyclin-dependent Kinase 2 (CDK2), respectively. The selected lead optimization molecules are synthesized and evaluated for their in-vitro activities against CDK2, displaying improved CDK2 activity.