bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BV photometry of a possible open star cluster pair NGC 7031/NGC 7086
Authors: Kopchev V. S. , Petrov G. T. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractWe present a CCD BV photometry of the possible binary open star cluster NGC 7031/NGC 7086. The aim is to confirm or disprove their common nature on the grounds of their age and distance. An age of 224 ± 25 Myr and a distance of 831 ± 72 pc was determined for NGC 7031, and 178 ± 25 Myr, 955 ± 84 pc for NGC 7086, respectively. Based on these differences in age and distance we conclude that the two clusters are most likely not formed together from one and the same giant molecular cloud and thus do not form a true binary cluster. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
New absolute magnitude calibrations for detached binaries
Authors: Bilir S. , Ak T. , Soydugan E. , Soydugan F. , Yaz E. , Filiz Ak N. , Eker Z. , Demircan O. , Helvacı M. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractLutz‐Kelker bias corrected absolute magnitude calibrations for the detached binary systems with main‐sequence components are presented. The absolute magnitudes of the calibrator stars were derived at intrinsic colours of Johnson‐Cousins and 2MASS (Two Micron All Sky Survey) photometric systems. As for the calibrator stars, 44 detached binaries were selected from the Hipparcos catalogue, which have relative observed parallax errors smaller than 15% (σπ/π ≤ 0.15). The calibration equations which provide the corrected absolute magnitude for optical and near‐infrared pass bands are valid for wide ranges of colours and absolute magnitudes: –0.18 < (B – V)0 < 0.91, –1.6 < MV < 5.5 and –0.15 < (J – H)0 < 0.50, –0.02 < (H – Ks)0 < 0.13, 0 < MJ < 4, respectively. The distances computed using the luminosity‐colours (LCs) relation with optical (BV) and near‐infrared (JHKs) observations were compared to the distances found from various other methods. The results show that new absolute magnitude calibrations of this study can be used as a convenient statistical tool to estimate the true distances of detached binaries out of Hipparcos' distance limit. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Current‐driven instabilities in weakly ionized disks
Authors: Liverts E. , Mond M. , Urpin V. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractCool weakly ionized gaseous rotating disk form the basis for many models in astrophysics objects. Instabilities against perturbations in such disks play an important role in the theory of the formation of stars and planets. Traditionally, axisymmetric magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) and recently Hall‐MHD instabilities have been thoroughly studied as providers of an efficient mechanism for radial transfer of angular momentum, and of density radial stratification. In the current work, the Hall instability against axisymmetric perturbations in incompressible rotating fluid in external poloidal and toroidal magnetic field is considered. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A revisit to agglomerates of early‐type Hipparcos stars
Authors: Caballero J.A. , Dinis L. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractWe study the spatial structure and sub‐structure of regions rich in Hipparcos stars with blue BT – VT colours. These regions, which comprise large stellar complexes, OB associations, and young open clusters, are tracers of on‐going star formation in the Galaxy. The DBSCAN (Density‐Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise) data clustering algorithm is used to look for spatial overdensities of early‐type stars. Once an overdensity, “agglomerate”, is identified, we carry out a data and bibliographic compilation of their star member candidates. The actual membership in agglomerate of each early‐type star is studied based on its heliocentric distance, proper motion, and previous spectro‐photometric information. We identify 35 agglomerates of early‐type Hipparcos stars. Most of them are associated to previously known clusters and OB associations. The previously unknown P Puppis agglomerate is subject of a dedicated study with Virtual Observatory tools. It is actually a new, nearby, young open cluster (d ∼ 470 pc, age ∼ 20 Ma) with a clear radial density gradient.We list P Puppis and other six agglomerates (including NGC 2451 A, vdBH 23, and Trumpler 10) as new sites for substellar searches because of their youth, closeness, and spatial density. We investigate in detail the sub‐structure in the Orion, CMa‐Pup and Pup‐Vel OB complexes (“super‐agglomerates”). We confirm or discover some stellar overdensities in the Orion complex, like the 25 Ori group, the Horsehead region (including the σ Orionis cluster), and the η Orionis agglomerate. Finally, we derive accurate parallactic distances to the Pleiades, NGC 2451 A, and IC 2391, describe several field early‐type stars at d < 200 pc, and discuss the incompleteness of our search. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Transnasal transesophageal echocardiography: A new approach for the PFO occlusion in awake patients
Authors: Greco Cesare , Chiavari Piero A. , Campolongo Giuseppe , Mariani Simona , Messa Fortunato , Tallarico Demetrio , Schiariti Michele , Gonnella Carlo , Gaudio Carlo 
Published: September 2008

AbstractObjectives: To reduce risks, discomfort, cost, and operative time for percutaneous patent foramen ovale (PFO) closure, we propose to perform this procedure under transesophageal echo‐guidance using a 10 Fr. catheter introduced through nasal way (TEENW). Background: Transesophageal or intracardiac echocardiography is commonly used to guide percutaneous PFO closure. Sedation needed quite frequently during transesophageal echocardiography, increased patients' discomfort, procedure prolongation, costs, use of both femoral veins, and additional intracardiac manipulations are the main limitations of standard techniques. Methods: We enrolled 20 consecutive patients with a history of cerebral ischemia and PFO with right‐to‐left shunt. In 15 patients Amplatzer® PFO occluder was used, whereas in five patients with longer PFO tunnel (>10 mm) Cardia Intrasept® was selected. Without sedation, a multifrequency monoplane probe, developed for intracardiac echocardiography, was introduced into the nostril and advanced forward the esophagus. Then under echo guidance, the closing device was presented, opened and released. Results: Procedure lasted for an average of 33.3 min, and no complications were seen. At procedure's completion, six patients showed persistence of reduced shunt during Valsalva manoeuvre. At six‐month follow‐up, shunts disappeared in all patients. Conclusion: TEENW is safe and well tolerated, and images' quality is high enough to deserve widespread adoption of this technique for PFO closure. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Femoral artery occlusion after using a suture‐mediated arterial puncture closure device
Authors: Park Sung‐Min , Kwak Young‐Tae 
Published: September 2008

AbstractA femoral artery occlusion is a very rare complication after using a suture‐mediated arterial puncture closing device (APCD). The mechanism of the femoral artery occlusion is unclear and its standard management has not been established. This case describes a mechanism of femoral artery occlusion by a suture‐mediated APCD and suggests a method of prevention and treatment. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Reducing and reversing pseudomemories with hypnosis
Authors: Wagstaff Graham F. , Cole Jon , Wheatcroft Jacqueline , Anderton Amanda , Madden Hannah 
Published: September 2008

AbstractAs a forensic memory enhancement tool, hypnosis is problematic because it tends to increase pseudomemory responses and inflate confidence regardless of accuracy. A variety of evidence suggests that major influences in producing these effects are expectancy and demand characteristics. However, if expectancy and demand characteristics play a role in increasing false positive responses with hypnosis, it may be possible to use the same factors to reduce false positive responses. Some have argued that the standard misinformation effect in nonhypnotic situations may be influenced by expectancy and demand characteristics. Consequently, if subjects are given misleading information followed by an instruction suggesting that hypnosis will reduce the influence of misinformation, hypnosis may reduce rather than increase false positive responses, including spurious confidence in errors. In this paper two studies are described that lend some experimental support for this hypothesis. The first showed that, when participants are not given an opportunity to commit themselves to making errors, the misinformation effect can be eliminated if hypnosis is given together with a suggestion that it will help participants discriminate between correct and incorrect information. The second study showed that a similar posthypnotic suggestion was more effective than a warning alone in reducing or reversing misinformation errors even after participants had committed themselves to reporting such errors. There was no evidence of inflated confidence with hypnosis in either study. Copyright © 2008 British Society of Experimental & Clinical Hypnosis. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Direct high‐performance liquid chromatographic separation of the enantiomers of venlafaxine and 11 analogs using amylose‐derived chiral stationary phases
Authors: Caccamese Salvatore , Bianca Salvatore , Carter Guy T. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractA direct liquid chromatographic enantioselective separation of venlafaxine and 11 analogs was obtained in the normal phase mode using Chiralpak AD. For some compounds, a comparison between the enantioseparation using coated and immobilized amylose tris(3,5‐dimethylphenylcarbamate) chiral stationary phases (Chiralpak AD and Chiralpak IA, respectively) was made. The best separations were achieved on Chiralpak AD with ethanol as alcoholic modifier in a mobile phase made basic by DEA addition: separation factor ranges between 2.08 and 1.15 and resolution factor between 7.0 and 1.0. Using the same CSP and 2‐propanol doped with TFA as acidic modifier, 10 compounds were enantioseparated with separation factor ranging between 1.40 and 1.04 and resolution factor between 3.1 and 0.3. The use of ethanol as alcoholic modifier also has the advantage of better solubility of the compounds in the mobile phase. The nature of the substituent (electron donating or withdrawing) affects in general the separation factor. A memory effect that involves a long equilibration time of the CSP is present when switching from an acidic mobile phase to a basic one. Chirality, 2008. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dynamic evolution of the particle size distribution in suspension polymerization reactors: A comparative study on Monte Carlo and sectional grid methods
Authors: Saliakas Vassilis , Kotoulas Costas , Meimaroglou Dimitris , Kiparissides Costas 
Published: September 2008

AbstractIn the present study, an efficient Monte Carlo (MC) algorithm and a fixed pivot technique (FPT) are described for the prediction of the dynamic evolution of the droplet/particle size distribution (DSD/PSD) in both non‐reactive liquid–liquid dispersions and reactive liquid(solid)–liquid suspension polymerization systems. Semi‐empirical and phenomenological expressions are employed to describe the breakage and coalescence rates of dispersed monomer droplets/particles, in terms of the type and concentration of suspending agent, quality of agitation, and evolution of the physical, thermodynamic and transport properties of the polymerization system. Moreover, the validity of the numerical calculations is first examined via a direct comparison of simulation results obtained by both numerical methods with experimental data on average particle diameter and droplet/particle size distributions for both non‐reactive liquid–liquid dispersions and the free‐radical suspension polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA). Additional comparisons between the MC and the FP numerical methods are carried out under different polymerization conditions. The simulation results reveal that both numerical methods are capable of predicting the mean and the distributed particulate properties of both non‐reactive and reactive suspension processes.
Desmoplastic neurotropic melanoma
Authors: Chen James Y. , Hruby George , Scolyer Richard A. , Murali Rajmohan , Hong Angela , FitzGerald Patrick , Pham Trang T. , Quinn Michael J. , Thompson John F. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND.Several studies have suggested that desmoplastic neurotropic melanoma (DNM) is associated with higher local recurrence rates than other types of melanoma. The authors investigated the local recurrence rates for patients with DNM after surgery alone or surgery followed by radiotherapy (RT).METHODS.One hundred twenty‐eight patients with DNM were treated at the Sydney Melanoma Unit and the Sydney Cancer Center from 1996 to 2007. All patients underwent local excision, 27 patients also received RT. For both groups, clinical and pathologic features, treatment details, and local recurrence data were analyzed.RESULTS.The median age at diagnosis was 65.5 years. The ratio of men to women was 2.7:1. The head and neck was the most common location (51%). The median Breslow thickness was 4 mm, and 99% of patients had Clark Level IV or V primary tumors. Patients who received adjuvant RT had thicker tumors (P = .003), deeper Clark level invasion (P < .001), and narrower excision margins (P < .001). There were 8 local recurrences, including 6 (6%) in the surgery only group and 2 (7%) in the adjuvant RT group. A positive margin (P < .001) and head and neck location (P = .03) were significant predictors of local recurrence.CONCLUSIONS.The local recurrence rate in this series was lower than the rates reported in historic control groups and in the authors' previous temporal cohort. The results indicated that clear surgical margins are of paramount importance in minimizing local recurrence; when margins are compromised, the addition of RT may reduce local recurrence rates compared with historic controls. A prospective randomized trial is needed to quantify the risk reduction with adjuvant RT. Cancer 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society.
Dirichlet duality and the nonlinear Dirichlet problem
Authors: Harvey F. Reese , Lawson H. Blaine 
Published: September 2008

AbstractWe study the Dirichlet problem for fully nonlinear, degenerate elliptic equations of the form F(Hess u) = 0 on a smoothly bounded domain Ω ⋐ ℝn. In our approach the equation is replaced by a subset F ⊂ Sym2(ℝn) of the symmetric n × n matrices with ∂F ⊆ {F = 0}. We establish the existence and uniqueness of continuous solutions under an explicit geometric “F‐convexity” assumption on the boundary ∂Ω. We also study the topological structure of F‐convex domains and prove a theorem of Andreotti‐Frankel type. Two key ingredients in the analysis are the use of “subaffine functions” and “Dirichlet duality.” Associated to F is a Dirichlet dual set F̃ that gives a dual Dirichlet problem. This pairing is a true duality in that the dual of F̃ is F, and in the analysis the roles of F and F̃ are interchangeable. The duality also clarifies many features of the problem including the appropriate conditions on the boundary. Many interesting examples are covered by these results including: all branches of the homogeneous Monge‐Ampère equation over ℝ, ℂ, and ℍ; equations appearing naturally in calibrated geometry, Lagrangian geometry, and p‐convex Riemannian geometry; and all branches of the special Lagrangian potential equation. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
On the existence of smooth self‐similar blowup profiles for the wave map equation
Authors: Germain Pierre 
Published: September 2008

AbstractConsider the equivariant wave map equation from Minkowski space to a rotationally symmetric manifold N that has an equator (e.g., the sphere).In dimension 3, this paper presents a necessary and sufficient condition on N for the existence of a smooth self‐similar blowup profile.More generally, we study the relation between
the minimizing properties of the equator map for the Dirichlet energy corresponding to the (elliptic) harmonic map problem and
the existence of a smooth blowup profile for the (hyperbolic) wave map
problem.
This has several applications to questions of regularity and uniqueness for the wave map equation. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Automatic quantification of histological studies in allergic asthma
Authors: Abella Mónica , Zubeldia José Manuel , Conejero Laura , Malpica Norberto , Vaquero Juan José , Desco Manuel 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThe evaluation of new therapies to treat allergic asthma makes frequent use of histological studies. Some of them are based on microscope observation of stained paraffin lung sections to quantify cellular infiltrate, an effect directly related to allergic processes. Currently, there is no software tool available for doing this quantification automatically. This paper presents a methodology and a software tool for the quantification of cellular infiltrate in lung tissue images in an allergic asthma mouse model. The image is divided into regions of equal size, which are then classified by means of a segmentation algorithm based on texture analysis. The classification uses three discriminant functions, built from parameters derived from the histogram and the co‐occurrence matrix. These functions were calculated by means of a stepwise discriminant analysis on 79 samples from a training set. Results provided a correct classification of 96.8% on an independent test set of 251 samples labeled manually. Regression analysis showed a good agreement between automatic and manual methods. A reliable and easy to implement method has been developed to provide an automatic method for quantifying microscopy images of lung histological studies. Results showed similar accuracy to that provided by an expert, while allowing analyzing a much larger number of fields in a repeatable way. © 2008 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Assessment of mitochondrial toxicity by analysis of mitochondrial protein expression in mononuclear cells
Authors: Lin Chen‐Han , Sloan Derek D. , Dang Chung H. , Wagner Thor , Cabrera Albert J. E. , Tobin Nicole H. , Frenkel Lisa M. , Jerome Keith R. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractBackground:Real‐time PCR has quantified decreased mitochondrial DNA levels in association with nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) therapy of HIV‐infected populations. However, real‐time PCR is best suited to distinguish log differences in an analyte. In an effort to monitor individuals in more detail, we developed a flow cytometric assay to gauge mitochondrial function.Methods:Flow cytometric quantification of a mitochondrial DNA‐encoded mitochondrial protein (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COX‐I)) and a nuclear DNA‐encoded mitochondrial protein [ATP synthase subunit D (Sub‐D)] was optimized and validated.Results:Intra‐assay and interassay variability was low using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) (CV of 6.15% for COX‐I and 7.11% Sub‐D, and 9.38% and 9.83% for COX‐I and Sub‐D, respectively). Mitochondrial protein depletion was evident with in vitro treatment of cells with ethidium bromide (EtBr) and zalcitabine (ddC). Mitochondrial protein expression in 40 healthy adults clustered tightly. Depletion of mitochondrial protein, however, was neither detected in cryopreserved PBMC from NRTI‐treated children (n = 9) nor in adults with a history of symptoms consistent with mitochondrial toxicity or ongoing treatment with didanosine (ddI) or stavudine (d4T) (n = 51).Conclusions:A validated flow cytometric assay allows simultaneous detection of mitochondrial DNA and nuclear DNA encoded proteins at the single cell level, offering a method to monitor for mitochondrial function. Prospective studies are required to evaluate whether mitochondrial protein loss is observed in at‐risk patients prior to the onset of symptoms from mitochondrial dysfunction. © 2008 Clinical Cytometry Society
The effects of selective breeding for differential rates of 50‐kHz ultrasonic vocalizations on emotional behavior in rats
Authors: Burgdorf Jeffrey , Panksepp Jaak , Brudzynski Stefan M. , Beinfeld Margery C. , Cromwell Howard C. , Kroes Roger A. , Moskal Joseph R. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractFifty‐kHz ultrasonic vocalizations have previously been shown to be positively correlated with reward and appetitive social behavior in rats, and to reflect a positive affective state. In this study, rats selectively bred for high and low rates of 50‐kHz vocalizations as juveniles were tested as adults in a battery of behavioral tests for social/emotional behaviors. We found that animals selectively bred for high rates of 50‐kHz vocalizations exhibited more crosses into the center area of the open field apparatus, were more likely to show a preference for a dilute sucrose solution (.8%) compared to tap water, and were less aggressive than randomly bred animals. Conversely, animals bred for low rates of 50‐kHz calls produced more fecal boli during both open field testing and “tickling” stimulation, and made less contact with conspecifics in a social interaction test compared to randomly bred animals. We also observed that low line rats have elevated brain levels of cholecystokinin (CCK) in the cortex, which is consistent with literature showing that CCK content in the cortex is positively correlated with rates of aversive 22‐kHz USVs. Conversely, high line animals had elevated levels of met‐enkephalin in several brain regions, which is consistent with the role of endogenous‐opioids in the generation 50‐kHz USVs and positive affect. These results suggest that animals bred for high rates of 50‐kHz may show a stress resilient phenotype, whereas low line rats may show a stress prone phenotype. As such these animals could provide novel insights into the neurobiology of emotion. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 51: 34–46, 2009
Mouse Fem1b interacts with the Nkx3.1 homeoprotein and is required for proper male secondary sexual development
Authors: Wang Xi , Desai Nishita , Hu Ya‐Ping , Price Sandy M. , Abate‐Shen Cory , Shen Michael M. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractPrevious studies of epithelial cell growth and differentiation in the prostate gland have identified the homeodomain protein Nkx3.1 as a central regulator of prostate development and carcinogenesis. To understand the molecular mechanisms of Nkx3.1 function, we have used yeast two‐hybrid analysis to identify Nkx3.1 interacting proteins, and have isolated Fem1b, a mammalian homolog of the C. elegans sex‐determining gene Fem‐1. In mice, the Fem1b and Nkx3.1 genes encode proteins that interact in glutathione‐S‐transferase (GST) pull‐down and co‐immunoprecipitation assays, and are co‐expressed in the prostate and testis of neonatal mice. Null mutants for Fem1b generated by gene targeting display defects in prostate ductal morphogenesis and secretory protein expression, similar to phenotypes found in Nkx3.1 mutants. We propose that Fem1b may have a conserved role in the generation of sexual dimorphism through its interaction with Nkx3.1 in the developing prostate gland. Developmental Dynamics 237:2963–2972, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
How degrading: Cyp26s in hindbrain development
Authors: White Richard J. , Schilling Thomas F. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThe vitamin A derivative retinoic acid performs many functions in vertebrate development and is thought to act as a diffusible morphogen that patterns the anterior–posterior axis of the hindbrain. Recent work in several systems has led to insights into how the spatial distribution of retinoic acid is regulated. These have shown local control of synthesis and degradation, and computational models suggest that degradation by the Cyp26 enzymes plays a critical role in the formation of a morphogen gradient as well as its ability to compensate for fluctuations in RA levels. Developmental Dynamics 237:2775–2790, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.