bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Review of borehole thermal energy storage systems in unsaturated soils: Materials, mechanism, and future development
Authors: Zeng Shu , Cheng Xiaohui , Yang Jun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBorehole thermal energy storage (BTES) is an innovative renewable energy technology for building heating and cooling. The lack of studies about BTES in unsaturated soils acts as a barrier to further implementation. In this study, the research obstacles, progress, hotspots, and differences between countries of BTES systems in unsaturated soils were described in detail based on a literature review, bibliometric analysis, technology roadmap, and data visualizations. The results show that the process of coupled heat and moisture transfer has been a research hotspot in recent years, and the thermo‐hydraulic properties increase the complexity of analysis. There are few studies on experimental data and engineering practices of BTES systems in unsaturated soils. China is leading in publications number, but European and North American countries perform better in international cooperation and policy incentives. Technology development will be directly driven by policy momentum, followed by the gradual establishment of a complete research, design, and evaluation system, which helps accelerate the replacement of traditional fossil energy with renewable energy. In an attempt to improve society's awareness and move forward with scientific foresight of BTES systems in unsaturated soils, this review has revealed the evolutionary process, identified its current status, and depicted the future development from political, economic, social, and other dimensions.
Glycation reactions of methylglyoxal during digestion in a dynamic, in vitro model of the upper gastrointestinal tract (TIM‐1)
Authors: Treibmann Stephanie , Venema Koen , Henle Thomas 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe 1,2‐dicarbonyl compound methylglyoxal (MGO) can react with and thereby impair the function of proteins and DNA, leading to pathophysiological pathways in vivo. However, studies on the bioavailability of dietary MGO and its reactions during digestion have diverging results. Therefore, simulated digestion experiments of MGO, protein, and creatine were performed in the dynamic, in vitro model of the upper gastrointestinal tract (TIM‐1). This multicompartment model continuously adjusts pH values and has realistic gastrointestinal transit times while also removing water and metabolites by dialysis. Samples were analyzed with HPLC‐UV for MGO and HPLC–MS/MS for creatine and glycated amino compounds. MGO reacted with creatine during simulated digestion in TIM‐1 to form the hydroimidazolone MG‐HCr in similar amounts as in a human intervention study. 28%–69% of MGO from the meal were passively absorbed in TIM‐1, depending on the addition of creatine and protein. Simultaneous digestion of MGO with ovalbumin led to the formation of the lysine adduct Nε‐carboxyethyllysine (CEL) and the methylglyoxal‐derived hydroimidazolone of arginine (MG‐H1). The formation of both compounds decreased with added creatine. Hence, glycation compounds are formed during digestion and significantly contribute to other ingested dietary glycation compounds, whose physiological consequences are critically discussed.
Blood biomarkers in dynamic prediction of conversion to Alzheimer's disease: An application of joint modeling
Authors: Yuan Manqiong , Lian Shuli , Li Xueru , Long Xianxian , Fang Ya ,   Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI)
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate the accuracy of longitudinal trajectories of blood biomarkers for predicting future onset of AD among MCI participants as well as to demonstrate dynamic prediction of the individual conversion risk applying joint modeling.MethodsA total of 446 participants with MCI at baseline from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative database were included. We introduced joint modeling to analyze the effects of the longitudinal blood biomarkers on the conversion risk to AD, and further to build individual‐specific prediction risk model.ResultsDuring the follow‐up, 345 participants remained with MCI and 101 progressed to AD, and were categorized as non‐progression and progression group, respectively. Longitudinally, the positive association of the concentration dynamics of plasma p‐tau181 and NfL with the conversion risk to AD from MCI was also demonstrated, with Hazard Ratio (HR) = 5.83 and HR = 4.18, respectively. When incorporating plasma p‐tau181 and NfL together to predict AD progression, we observed improved performance (AUC = 0.701, Brier Score = 0.119). Two participants were chosen to exemplify the individual‐specific risk prediction at different follow‐up time for comparative analysis.ConclusionsPlasma p‐tau181 and NfL could serve as biomarkers for the prediction of AD onset, and the individualized prediction opens up the possibility to provide clinical information at a personal level.
High expression of ACTL6A leads to poor prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma patients through promoting malignant progression
Authors: Liu Yi , Liu Yisha , Li Ying , Wang Tong , Li Bolong , Kong Xianchen , Li Changyi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe aim was to research ACTL6A's role in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).MethodsOSCC and normal samples were obtained from patients and public databases. GSEA was performed. CIBERSORT was utilized to analyze immune landscape. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and multivariate Cox regression analysis were conducted. After knocking down ACTL6A, we performed MTT assay, transwell assays, and flow cytometry to detect the impact of knockdown.ResultsACTL6A expressed higher in OSCC samples than normal samples. The CNV and mutation rate of TP53 was higher in ACTL6A high‐expression group. TFs E2F7 and TP63 and miRNA hsa‐mir‐381 were significantly related to ACTL6A. ACTL6A could influence immune microenvironment of OSCC. Knockdown of ACTL6A inhibited OSCC cells' proliferation, migration, and invasion. ACTL6A was able to predict OSCC prognosis independently.ConclusionACTL6A expressed higher in OSCC than normal samples and it could be used as an independent prognostic marker in OSCC patients.
Impact of soil compaction and irrigation practices on salt dynamics in the presence of a saline shallow groundwater: An experimental and modelling study
Authors: Nick Sina Maghami , Copty Nadim K. , Saygın Selen Deviren , Öztürk Hasan Sabri , Demirel Burak , Emadian S. Mehdi , Erpul Günay , Sedighi Majid , Babaei Masoud 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSoil salt accumulation is a widespread problem leading to diminished crop yield and threatening food security in many regions of the world. The soil salinization problem is particularly acute in areas that lack adequate soil water drainage and where a saline shallow water table (WT) is present. In this study, we present laboratory‐scale column experiments, extending over a period of more than 400 days that focus on the processes contributing to soil salinization. We specifically examine the combined impact of soil compaction, surface water application model and water quality on salt dynamics in the presence of a saline shallow WT. The soil columns (60 cm height and 16 cm diameter) were packed with an agricultural soil with bulk densities of 1.15 and 1.34 g/cm−3 for uncompacted and compacted layers, respectively, and automatically monitored for water content, salinity and pressure. Two surface water compositions are considered: fresh (deionized, DI) and saline water (~3.4 mS/cm). To assess the sensitivity of compaction on salt dynamics, the experiments were numerically modelled with the HYDRUS‐1D computer program. The results show that the saline WT led to rapid salinization of the soil column due to capillarity, with the salinity reaching levels much higher than that at the WT. However, compaction layer provided a barrier that limited the downwards moisture percolation and solute transport. Furthermore, the numerical simulations showed that the application of freshwater can temporarily reverse the accumulation of salts in agricultural soils. This irrigation strategy can help, in the short‐term, alleviate soil salinization problem. The soil hydraulic properties, WT depth, water quality, evaporation demand and the availability of freshwater all play a role in the practicability of such short‐term solutions. The presence of a saline shallow WT would, however, rapidly reverse these temporary measures, leading to the recurrence of topsoil salinization.
Optimization of sprinkler irrigation scheduling scenarios for reducing irrigation energy consumption
Authors: Pang Yiyuan , Tang Pan , Li Hong , Marinello Francesco , Chen Chao 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn recent years, traditional sprinkler irrigation scheduling scenarios have no longer been applicable to modern agriculture because of the increase in energy prices and the rapid development of smart agriculture. This paper proposes a new irrigation scheduling scenario in which a sprinkler is used as the minimum optimization unit for sectoring design. The main challenge of the proposed approach lies in obtaining the most energy‐efficient sectoring and pump operating frequencies, and the high complexity of the optimization problem requires considerable computational effort. To compare the irrigation performance before and after optimization, seven scheduling scenarios are established to analyse the performance of the unified control method, branch scheduling method and sprinkler scheduling method. Through numerical calculations and experimental verification, it was found that sprinkler scheduling can not only meet the pressure requirements of sprinklers without using pressure‐regulating valves but also minimize energy consumption. Compared with optimal branch pipe scheduling, optimal sprinkler scheduling can reduce the sprinkler pressure variance from 792 to 180 kPa2 and reduce the irrigation cost by approximately 18%. In addition, by analysing the uniformity coefficient and distribution uniformity under different scenarios, it was found that sprinkler scheduling optimization does not substantially improve irrigation uniformity.
Lessons contemporary counselors can learn from the exploratory therapies
Authors: Hansen James T. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe history of talk therapy is characterized by ideological trends rather than incremental progress. When a new trend is ascendant, insights from prior eras may be forgotten or lost. Currently, counseling is arguably dominated by an ideology of symptom reduction. Therefore, insights from the prior exploratory phase of talk therapy may be difficult for modern practitioners to access. I discuss eight important lessons that contemporary counselors can learn from exploratory therapies.
Music therapy for therapeutic development in personality disorders: A qualitative case study
Authors: van Sprang Irene , Haeyen Suzanne 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPeople with personality disorders (PDs) are often difficult to reach emotionally in therapy. As music therapy (MT) provides an entry point to emotions and facilitates contact and communication, it is regularly used with this target group. This study presents a case study of a 40‐year‐old woman diagnosed with a PD not otherwise defined. “Nina” experienced depressive and physical symptoms, including severe anxiety. Previous treatments had failed. In MT, she experienced a sense of safety. Over the course of the treatment, she experimented with making herself heard, learned to listen to herself and recognize her own physical signals, permitted closeness and cooperation, and began setting boundaries and taking initiative. She got in touch with and learned to regulate emotions such as sadness and fear. Self‐criticism gave way to a more compassionate self. Nina began to experience positive feelings and showed progress in her work and social interactions. The findings suggest that MT can directly connect to clients' emotions, behaviors, and thoughts in a way they perceive as safe. This is of the utmost importance for clients who are hard to reach. The use of MT can potentially prevent dropout and further entrapment in personality problems.
The impact of a prophylactic skin dressing on surface‐guided patient positioning in chest wall Radiation Therapy
Authors: Cumming James , Thompson Kenton , Woodford Katrina , Panettieri Vanessa , Sapkaroski Daniel 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntroductionSurface‐guided radiation therapy (SGRT) has emerged as a powerful tool to improve patient setup accuracy in radiation therapy (RT). Combined with the goal of increasing RT accuracy is an ongoing effort to decrease RT side effects. The application of a prophylactic skin dressing to the treatment site is a well‐documented method of reducing skin‐related side effects from RT. This paper aims to investigate whether the application of Mepitel, a prophylactic skin dressing, has an impact on the accuracy of surface‐guided patient setups in chest wall RT.MethodsA retrospective analysis of daily image‐guided Online Corrections (OLCs) from patients undergoing chest wall irradiation with SGRT was performed. Translational (superior–inferior, lateral, and anterior–posterior) OLC magnitude and direction were compared between patients treated with Mepitel applied and those treated without. Systematic and random errors were calculated and compared between groups.ResultsOLCs from 275 fractions were analysed. Mean OLCs were larger for patients with Mepitel applied in the superior_inferior axis (0.34 vs. 0.22 cm, P = 0.049) and for the combined translational vector (0.54 vs. 0.43 cm, P = 0.043). Combined translational systematic error was slightly larger for patients with Mepitel applied (0.15 vs. 0.09 cm).ConclusionMepitel can impact the accuracy of SGRT patient‐positioning in chest wall RT. The variation however is small and unlikely to have any clinical impact if SGRT is coupled with image guidance and appropriate PTV margins. Further investigation is required to assess the effect of Mepitel on SGRT accuracy in other treatment sites, as well as any potential dosimetric impacts.
A fluorescence detection method for postharvest tomato epidermal defects based on improved YOLOv5m
Authors: Huang Yuhua , Xiong Juntao , Yao Zhaoshen , Huang Qiyin , Tang Kun , Jiang Dandan , Yang Zhengang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDTomato quality visual grading is greatly affected by the problems of smooth skin, uneven illumination and invisible defects that are difficult to identify. The realization of intelligent detection of postharvest epidermal defects is conducive to further improving the economic value of postharvest tomatoes.RESULTSAn image acquisition device that utilizes fluorescence technology has been designed to capture a dataset of tomato skin defects, encompassing categories such as rot defects, crack defects and imperceptible defects. The YOLOv5m model was improved by introducing Convolutional Block Attention Module and replacing part of the convolution kernels in the backbone network with Switchable Atrous Convolution. The results of comparison experiments and ablation experiments show that the Precision, Recall and mean Average Precision of the improved YOLOv5m model were 89.93%, 82.33% and 87.57%, which are higher than YOLOv5m, Faster R‐CNN and YOLOv7, and the average detection time was reduced by 47.04 ms picture−1.CONCLUSIONThe present study utilizes fluorescence imaging and an improved YOLOv5m model to detect tomato epidermal defects, resulting in better identification of imperceptible defects and detection of multiple categories of defects. This provides strong technical support for intelligent detection and quality grading of tomatoes. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Phytic Acid, Protein, and Oil Contents and Their Relationship With Seed Quality During Seed Maturation of Bambara Nut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.) Landraces
Authors: Oballim Gerard , Opile Wilson R. , Ochuodho Julius O. 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACTPhytic acid, proteins, and oils are seed storage compounds that play a role in germination and seedling growth and may determine seed quality. The pattern of accumulation of these compounds and the relationship of their contents with the seed quality of the Bambara nut (BN) are poorly understood. Seeds of three BN landraces, AbiBam001 (black/cream), LocalBam (brown speckled), and TVSU544 (cream), were harvested from two field experiments at different maturation stages and tested for final germination percentage (FGP), germination velocity index (GVI), and seedling dry weight (SDW). Seed samples from the same experiments were analyzed for phytic acid and proximate composition. Kendall's ranked correlation was used to describe relationships between phytic acid, protein, and oil contents and the seed quality of the landraces. Results showed no differences in the phytate, protein, and oil contents of landraces during seed maturation (p > 0.05), except for the phytate content of AbiBam001 (p < 0.05), which increased in the first experiment. At mass maturity, AbiBam001 and LocalBam had higher phytate and less protein and oil contents than TVSU544, implying that seed coat color may influence the phytate, protein, and oil contents of BN landraces. Higher phytate content in landraces appeared to relate positively with FGP, GVI, and SDW and vice versa. Phytic acid may positively affect seed germinability in BN landraces with high phytate content but may affect it negatively in low‐phytate landraces. The oil content of all landraces had negative correlations with most seed quality characteristics, suggesting that BN oils either are not priority reserves or play a minimal role in germination and seedling growth.
A vendor‐neutral EPI sequence for hyperpolarized 13C MRI
Authors: Blazey Tyler , Shaw Ashley , von Morze Cornelius 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPurposeTo develop a flexible, vendor‐neutral EPI sequence for hyperpolarized 13C metabolic imaging.MethodsAn open‐source EPI sequence consisting of a metabolite‐specific spectral‐spatial RF excitation pulse and a customizable EPI readout was created using the Pulseq framework. To explore the flexibility of our sequence, we tested several versions of the sequence including a symmetric 3D readout with different spatial resolutions for each metabolite (1.0 cm3 and 1.5 cm3). A multichamber phantom constructed with a Shepp‐Logan geometry, containing two chambers filled with either natural abundance 13C compounds or hyperpolarized (HP) [1–13C]pyruvate, was used to test each sequence. For experiments involving HP [1–13C]pyruvate, a single chamber was prefilled with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide hydride and lactate dehydrogenase to facilitate the conversion of [1–13C]pyruvate to [1–13C]lactate. All experiments were performed on a Siemens Prisma 3T scanner.ResultsAll the sequence variations localized natural‐abundance 13C ethylene glycol and methanol to the appropriate compartment of the multichamber phantom. [1–13C]pyruvate was detectable in both chambers following the injection of HP [1–13C]pyruvate, whereas [1–13C]lactate was only found in the chamber containing nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide hydride and lactate dehydrogenase. The conversion rate from [1–13C]pyruvate to [1–13C]lactate (kPL) was 0.01 s−1 (95% confidence interval [0.00, 0.02]).ConclusionWe have developed and tested a vendor‐neutral EPI sequence for imaging HP 13C agents. We have made all of our sequence creation and image reconstruction code freely available online for other investigators to use.
A review of self‐supervised, generative, and few‐shot deep learning methods for data‐limited magnetic resonance imaging segmentation
Authors: Liu Zelong , Kainth Komal , Zhou Alexander , Deyer Timothy W. , Fayad Zahi A. , Greenspan Hayit , Mei Xueyan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a ubiquitous medical imaging technology with applications in disease diagnostics, intervention, and treatment planning. Accurate MRI segmentation is critical for diagnosing abnormalities, monitoring diseases, and deciding on a course of treatment. With the advent of advanced deep learning frameworks, fully automated and accurate MRI segmentation is advancing. Traditional supervised deep learning techniques have advanced tremendously, reaching clinical‐level accuracy in the field of segmentation. However, these algorithms still require a large amount of annotated data, which is oftentimes unavailable or impractical. One way to circumvent this issue is to utilize algorithms that exploit a limited amount of labeled data. This paper aims to review such state‐of‐the‐art algorithms that use a limited number of annotated samples. We explain the fundamental principles of self‐supervised learning, generative models, few‐shot learning, and semi‐supervised learning and summarize their applications in cardiac, abdomen, and brain MRI segmentation. Throughout this review, we highlight algorithms that can be employed based on the quantity of annotated data available. We also present a comprehensive list of notable publicly available MRI segmentation datasets. To conclude, we discuss possible future directions of the field—including emerging algorithms, such as contrastive language‐image pretraining, and potential combinations across the methods discussed—that can further increase the efficacy of image segmentation with limited labels.
Optimization of electromagnetic absorption properties based on graphene, carbon nanotubes, and Fe3O4 multidimensional composites
Authors: Pang Xianke , Zhou Xinghai , Gao Yuan , Qian Yongfang , Lyu Lihua 
Published: March 2024

AbstractExcellent electromagnetic wave loss and impedance matching are typical characteristics of superior‐performance electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption materials. Changing the component ratios and multidimensional combinations of various absorbing materials is one of the best methods to improve absorption performance. This work used a convenient physical mixing approach to combine three wave‐absorbing materials with various dimensions to successfully prepare Graphene/carbon nanotubes/Fe3O4 (G/C/Fe3O4)/paraffin composites. One‐dimensional (1D) tube carbon nanotubes (CNTs) pierced two‐dimensional (2D) sheet graphene to form a strong three‐dimensional (3D) conductive network, enhancing interfacial polarization without introducing zero‐dimensional (0D) magnetic Nano‐Fe3O4. Nevertheless, because of their significant dielectric characteristics, the graphene/carbon nanotube (G/C) paraffin composites displayed low impedance matching and electromagnetic wave absorption properties. At a mass ratio of 1:1, the G/C/paraffin composites achieved an ideal reflection loss (RL) of −11.99 db and an impedance matching value of 0.59. Adding Fe3O4 improved the impedance matching and electromagnetic wave loss performance and promoted the formation of a non‐homogeneous interface, improving interfacial polarization and reflection. The G/C/Fe3O4/paraffin composite, with a mass ratio of 1:1:6 and a filler ratio of 20%, achieved an optimum reflection loss of −37.2 dB and an effective absorption bandwidth of 4.16 GHz. This work optimized and improved the performance of EMW materials practically and rapidly, providing a research method for the widespread application of superior‐performance electromagnetic wave absorption materials.Highlights
The EMW absorption materials with various architectures.
1D CNTs pierced 2D sheet graphene to form a strong 3D conductive network.
Adding Fe3O4 promoted the formation of a non‐homogeneous interface.
Electromagnetic synergies and different structural combinations
It achieved excellent impedance matching and electromagnetic loss performance.