bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In vitro and in vivo anti‐tumor activity of L‐glutamic acid γ‐monohydroxamate against L1210 leukemia and B16 melanoma
Authors: Vila Jorge , Thomasset Nicole , Navarro Claudine , Doré Jean‐François 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA glutamine analogue, L‐glutamic acid γ‐monohydroxamate (GAH) demonstrated complete cytotoxicity against L1210 cells in culture and marked anti‐tumoral activity in vivo against L1210 leukemia and B16 melanoma. In vitro, GAH caused concentration‐dependent inhibition of L1210 cell growth, with complete cell death being reached at 72 hr and at a 500 μM concentration. A minimal incubation time of 38 hr with 500 μM GAH was necessary to obtain complete cell death at 72 hr. During incubation, GAH is metabolized to hydroxylamine. Hydroxylamine acts as the active form of GAH, since the concentration‐dependent inhibition of cell growth caused by hydroxylamine is the same as that observed with GAH. The cytotoxic effects of GAH and hydroxylamine on L1210 cells were not reversed or prevented by L‐glutamine or L‐glutamic acid and purine nucleosides but were prevented or reversed by pyruvate, 2‐oxaloacetate and 2‐oxoglutarate.In vivo, GAH considerably increased survival of mice bearing L1210 leukemia or a solid tumor, the B16 melanoma. Anti‐tumor activity of GAH against L1210 leukemia and B16 melanoma was schedule‐dependent. The administration of GAH 3 times daily was more effective than a twice daily treatment and the maximum ILS was observed using split‐dose schedules on days 1 through 3 and 7 through 9 without noticeable toxicity. Under these conditions hydroxylamine is highly toxic, suggesting that in vivo GAH might act as an hydroxylamine releaser in the tumor cells and is not significantly metabolized in the body.
Establishment and characterization of a continuous in vitro line from a rat choriocarcinoma
Authors: Verstuyf A. , Sobis H. , Goebels J. , Fonteyn E. , Cassiman J. J. , Vandeputte M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA continuous in vitro cell line of rat choriocarcinoma has been established. It is composed of pure trophoblast cells which multiply and differentiate. The morphology of the cells is very similar to normal rat cytotrophoblasts and giant cells. The cultured cells contain cytokeratin, alkaline phosphatase and express the receptors for Bandeira simplificifolia Agglutinin‐1 (BSA‐1). They are hormonally active as demonstrated by the presence of lactogen and progesterone in the supernatant of the culture. The injected cells develop into choriocarcinoma in syngeneic as well as allogeneic rats. The morphological, biological and immunohistochemical features of these tumors are identical to those described in the transplantable neoplasm from which the in vitro line was established. The presence of γ chromosome in cultured cells proves the paternal origin of the primary tumor developed from extra‐embryonic membranes in fetectomized rat and makes this neoplasm similar to human post‐gestation choriocarcinoma.
Western blotting analysis for malignant lymphoma and stomach cancer antigens from carcinogen‐transformed bloom syndrome cells
Authors: Shiraishi Yukimasa 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMembrane antigen (glyco‐) proteins associated with malignant lymphoma (ML) and stomach (ST) cancer were collected from a carcinogen‐transformed Bloom syndrome (BS) B‐lymphoblastoid cell line by means of the panning protocol, in which antigen cell clones which specifically react with antibodies in ML and ST cancer sera were separated on polystyrene dishes coated with IgG. Gel electrophoresis and Western blotting (WB) analyses demonstrated that antigens which characterize ML and ST cancer gave a single band (ML, 97 kDa; ST, 118 kDa) and did not cross‐react with sera of other cancer patients or with normal sera. The present WB procdure may be useful for diagnostic purposes. The amino acid sequence of the ML antigen band (97 kDa) had 76.9% (in 13 sequences) homology to that of the variable region of the immunoglobulin (Ig) heavy chain (IgVH) at the N‐terminal end, while the sequence of the ST (118 kDa) cancer antigen had little homology to IgVH.
Neoadjuvant immunotherapy with interferon of the spontaneously metastasizing murine B16F10L melanoma
Authors: Markovic Svetomir N. , Murasko Donna M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe have previously demonstrated that administration of interferon a/b (IFN) for 4–5 days after challenge with a transplantable Moloney sarcoma virus‐induced tumor completely inhibited tumor development. In the present study, we examined the therapeutic effects of IFN on mortality induced by metastatic dissemination of the B16F10L murine melanoma. IFN was administered at various times in relation to the surgical removal of primary tumor: days ‐5 to ‐1 prior to tumor excision (neo‐adjuvant protocol), or for 5 days after tumor excision, beginning on days 1, 6 or 11 after excision of the primary tumor (adjuvant protocols). The neo‐adjuvant protocol was superior to all other protocols, significantly increasing percentage survival (56% vs. 0%) and median survival time (>84 days vs. 33 days) compared to untreated controls, as well as to all adjuvant protocols. In contrast, IFN treatment on days 1 to 5 after excision of the primary tumor decreased median survival time of cases compared to untreated controls (20 days vs. 33 days). Both IFN‐induced inhibition and enhancement of metastatic dissemination were dose‐dependent, with higher amounts of IFN producing greater inhibition or enhancement. The superior therapeutic efficacy of the neo‐adjuvant IFN treatment was associated with increased spleen and lung‐derived natural killer cell cytolytic activity (on days ‐4, 0 and 2) followed by a later (day 13) increase in lung‐associated cytolytic T‐cell responses.
Fatty acid composition of phospholipids in erythrocyte membranes and risk of breast cancer
Authors: Zaridze D. G. , Chevchenko V. E. , Levtshuk A. A. , Lifanova Y. E. , Maximovitch D. M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFive fatty acids (FA) 2 saturated, palmitic (C16:0), stearic (C18:0) and 3 unsaturated, oleic (C18:1), linoleic (C18:2), arachidonic (C20:4) acids have been studied in the red cell membranes of breast cancer patients and controls. Statistically significant decrease in the risk of breast cancer has been found to be associated with increase in the levels of linoleic acid in pre‐menopausal women and of arachidonic acid in the post‐menopausal group.
Bronchial micronuclei as a marker of an early stage of carcinogenesis in the human tracheobronchial epithelium
Authors: Lippman Scott M. , Peters Edward J. , Wargovich Michael J. , Stadnyk Alexander N. , Dixon Dennis O. , Dekmezian Roupen H. , Loewy John W. , Morice Rodolfo C. , Cunningham Joan E. , Hong Waun K. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn the bronchial epithelium, smoking initiates a multistep process that first appears histologically as premalignant squamous metaplasia/dysplasia, a biological predecessor of squamous‐cell lung cancer. Reflecting chromosomal damage from a carcinogenic insult, micronuclei may reveal earlier events in the carcinogenic sequence. We prospectively evaluated and correlated micronucleus count, histology (index of metaplasia) and smoking exposure in 35 consecutive subjects (9 active smokers, 10 previous smokers and 16 never‐smokers) undergoing diagnostic bronchoscopy. Samples for micronuclei and histological evaluation were taken from the main carinal mucosa in each subject for site‐specific comparisons. The median and mean micronucleus counts per 1,000 cells were significantly higher in active smokers than in non‐smokers (subjects who had never smoked and previous smokers): median counts were 3.7 vs. 1.4, p = 0.03; mean counts were 4.7 vs. 1.9, p = 0.01. There was no significant difference, however, in micronucleus counts between subjects who had never smoked and previous smokers. Bronchial metaplasia and smoking history were not associated. Our findings suggest that micronuclei are a readily quantitated, early intermediate‐endpoint marker for detecting tobacco‐initiated tracheobronchial carcinogenesis.
Dietary fiber, beta‐carotene and breast cancer: Results from a case‐control study
Authors: Veer Pieter Van 'T , Kolb Corine M. , Verhoef Petra , Kok Frans J. , Schouten Evert G. , Hermus Rudolph J. J. , Sturmans Ferd 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTo study the association between dietary fiber, betacarotene and breast cancer, the average daily intake of these dietary components was compared among 133 incident breast cancer cases and 238 population controls. Average daily intake of cereal products, fruit and vegetables was also studied. A statistically significant lower energy‐adjusted intake of dietary fiber was observed in cases than in controls (mean ± SD: 25.4 ± 6.7 g vs. 27.7 ± 7.4 g, 95% confidence interval (CI) of the age‐adjusted difference = −3.8, −0.8). Intake of betacarotene was similar for cases and controls. The multivariate adjusted odds ratio (OR) of breast cancer among women in the highest quartile of intake of cereal products, as compared to those in the lowest quartile, was 0.42 (95% CI = 0.19 – 0.92) and the trend was statistically significant (p = 0.03). The corresponding OR for intake of dietary fiber was 0.55 (95% CI = 0.26 – 1.17) but the trend was not significant. The OR for the highest quartile of intake of beta‐carotene, fruit, vegetables, and all vegetable products combined was less than unity, but there was no significant inverse trend. These results suggest that a high intake of cereal products, especially those rich in fiber, may be inversely related to incidence of breast cancer.
Alcohol, beer and cancer of the pancreas
Authors: Bouchardy Christine , Clavel Francoise , La Vecchia Carlo , Raymond Luc , Boyle Peter 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe relationship between total alcohol consumption and intake of beer, wine and spirits and the risk of cancer of the pancreas was re‐assessed in a pooled analysis of 3 case‐control studies of pancreatic cancer from Italy, France and Switzerland, providing a total data‐set of 494 cases and 1,704 controls. Logistic regression was used to obtain relative risks adjusted for study, age, sex, smoking and socio‐economic status. Relative to non‐drinkers, the risk estimates for subsequent levels of alcohol consumption were close to unity, and there was no evidence of a trend in risk with dose; the point estimate for more than 8 drinks per day was 0.8(95% Confidence Interval, Cl = 0.5–1.3). Likewise, no consistent association was observed for consumption of wine, beer or spirits: the relative risks for the highest consumption levels were 1.0 for wine, 0.9 for beer and 0.9 for spirits. No significant interaction was observed with study centre, sex or smoking habits. Given the large size of the data‐set, of the consistency and the replication of findings across the 3 different studies, and of the elevated alcohol consumption of these populations, the present analysis gives reassuring evidence on the alcohol and pancreatic cancer issue in relation to total consumption of alcohol, of beer and of other alcoholic beverages.
pp60c‐src protein kinase activity in human gastric carcinomas
Authors: Takekura Naoki , Yasui Wataru , Yoshida Kazuhiro , Tsujino Tetsuhiro , Nakayama Hirofumi , Kameda Takashi , Yokozaki Hiroshi , Ishimura Yasuhiko , Ito Hisao , Tahara Eiichi 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe examined pp60c‐src protein kinase activity in human gastric carcinoma cell lines and gastric carcinoma tissues as well as normal mucosa. pp60c‐src kinase activity was detected in all 5 carcinoma cell lines at various levels. Of 16 gastric carcinoma tissues, 8 showed higher pp60c‐src kinase activity in tumor tissues than in corresponding normal mucosa. However, the levels of expression ofpp60c‐src detected by Western blotting were not always consistent with the activities of pp60c‐src protein kinase. These findings suggest that the increase in pp60c‐src protein kinase activity might be brought about by post‐translational changes.
The consumption of tobacco, alcohol and the risk of adenocarcinoma in Barrett's oesophagus
Authors: Levi Fabio , Olloy Jean‐Baptiste , La Vecchia Carlo , Boyle Peter , Monnier Philippe , Savary Marcel 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe relationship between tobacco, alcohol and the risk of oesophageal adenocarcinoma in Barrett's oesophagus was evaluated in an endoscopy‐clinic‐based case‐control study of 30 histologically confirmed cases of adenocarcinoma and 140 controls with Barrett's oesophagus but no evidence of malignant lesions. Among the cases, 18 (60%) were non‐smokers and 14 (47%) non‐drinkers, the corresponding proportions in the controls being 52% and 44%. Thus, there was no apparent relation between tobacco, alcohol and the risk of adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus, the age‐ and sex‐adjusted point estimates being 1.0 for moderate and 0.9 for heavy smokers, 0.7 and 1.5 respectively for moderate and heavy drinkers. Upper 95% confidence limits were 1.6 for ever‐use of tobacco and 1.9 for ever alcohol drinking. The findings of this study, although based on a limited number of cases, indicate that alcohol and tobacco are unlikely to play a major role in the aetiology of adenocarcinoma in Barrett's oesophagus.
A case‐control study of gastric cancer and diet in Italy: II. Association with nutrients
Authors: Buiatti Eva , Palli Domenico , Decarli Adriano , Amadori Dino , Avellini Claudio , Bianchi Simonetta , Bonaguri Chiara , Cipriani Francesco , Cocco Pierluigi , Giacosa Attilio , Marubini Ettore , Minacci Chiara , Puntoni Riccardo , Russo Antonio , Vindigni Carla , Fraumeni Joseph F. , Blot William J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA case‐control study involving interviews with 1,016 gastric cancer (GC) patients and 1,159 population‐based controls in high‐ and low‐risk areas was conducted to evaluate dietary factors and their contribution to the marked geographic variation in mortality from this cancer within Italy. Risks of GC were found to vary significantly with estimated nutrient in‐take. Risk rose with increasing consumption of nitrites and protein, and decreased in proportion to intake of ascorbic acid, beta‐carotene, alpha‐tocopherol, and vegetable fat. The associations with nitrite and beta‐carotene tended to fade, however, in multivariate analyses adjusting for intake of other nutrients. Ascorbic acid showed the strongest geographic gradient, with highest consumption in low‐risk areas. The findings suggest that the protective effects we previously reported for consumption of fresh fruit, fresh vegetables and olive oil may be linked to the vitamins C and E contained in these foods. The findings are consistent with the hypothesis that N‐nitroso compounds are involved in GC risks, since elevated risks were apparent for agents (nitrites, protein) that promote nitrosation, while decreased risks were found for nutrients (ascorbic acid and alpha‐tocopherol) which inhibit the process.
Rat monoclonal antibodies produced against rat colorectal adenocarcinomas define tumor‐ and colon‐associated, auto‐immunogenic antigens
Authors: Brodin N. Thomas , Jansson Bo , Sjögren Hans Olov 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMonoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were derived from rats immunized against allo‐ and syngeneic rat colon carcinomas. Screening was performed by immunohistochemistry modified for MAbs of the same species as the tissue used for frozen sections. From 2 fusions, several MAbs were found that bound to syngeneic tumor tissue but showed little or no staining of normal adult tissues. Another group of MAbs demonstrated an intracellular staining of tumor cells and staining of mucus and goblet cells in the distal 2/3 of the normal colon. A third group of MAbs showed staining of both tumor and normal colon tissue. Staining patterns were reproduced with 6 MAbs selected from the first 2 groups after purification and biotinylation. One MAb, 10B 12, recognized an antigen expressed in 10/11 colon carcinomas, the lowest parts of colonic crypts, intracellularly in a subpopulation of pancreatic acinar cells and mucus in antrum. It was used for affinity purification of a high‐molecular‐weight antigen, to which 3 of the other rat MAbs also bound. This antigen was also bound by antibodies to blood group A and isogloboseries carbohydrate determinants. Competition with the labelled 10B12 MAb for binding to the purified antigen was demonstrated in sera of tumor‐bearing and immune rats. Thus, this high‐molecular‐weight glycoprotein expressed both auto‐antigenic, tumor‐associated and tissue‐type‐restricted epitopes. The 10B12 MAb homogeneously stained the majority of colorectal carcinomas and the antigenic determinant was expressed on the cell surface of 12/13 tissue‐cultured colon‐carcinoma clones. Modulation of the cell‐surface antigen phenotype by recombinant rat interferon‐γ markedly increased expression of this determinant.
Differential utilization of the SV40 enhancer and early promoter in various human lung carcinoma cell lines
Authors: Wong Yuk‐Chor , Bernal Samuel D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCell lines derived from the major morphological types of human lung cancer were tested for their ability to utilize the SV40 enhancer/early promoter. These cell lines were transfected with a recombinant plasmid containing a reporter gene, coding for chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT), under the control of the SV40 enhancer/early promoter. The transfected cells were then assayed for CAT activity. Non‐small‐cell carcinomas, especially squamous carcinomas, were found to be 2–3 orders of magnitude more efficient in utilizing the SV40 enhancer/early promoter than small‐cell carcinomas. The presence of different SV40 enhancer/early promoter specific DNA‐binding nuclear factors in squamous and small‐cell carcinomas was demonstrated in gel mobility shift experiments. These observations seem to suggest that the set of transcriptional regulatory factors associated with squamous carcinomas may be distinct from that associated with small‐cell carcinomas.
Reversal of multi‐drug resistance in human KB cell lines by structural analogs of verapamil
Authors: Pirker Robert , Keilhauer Gerhard , Raschack Manfred , Lechner Christina , Ludwig Heinz 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSeveral structural analogs of verapamil were studied for their ability to reverse multi‐drug resistance (MDR) in human KB cell lines. D595, D792 and verapamil completely reversed resistance to colchicine and adriamycin. D595 and D792 had a higher reversing potency than verapamil. Devapamil, gallopamil, emopamil and D528 partially reversed MDR. The reversing potency of a drug did not correlate with its calcium antagonistic activity. No differences in reversing potency between (R)‐isomers, (L)‐isomers and the racemic forms were observed in the case of both verapamil and emopamil. (R)‐verapamil, which has less calcium antagonistic activity and less in vivo toxicity than racemic verapamil, and D792, which has higher reversing potency and less in vivo toxicity than racemic verapamil, should be suitable for clinical applications to overcome drug resistance in cancer patients.
Phenotypic characterization, karyotype analysis and in vitro tamoxifen sensitivity of new ER‐negative vulvar carcinoma cell lines, UM‐SCV‐1A and UM‐SCV‐1B
Authors: Grénman Seija E. , Van Dyke Daniel L. , Worsham Maria J. , England Barry , McClatchey Kenneth D. , Hopkins Michael , Babu V. Ramesh , Grénman Reidar , Carey Thomas E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwo cell lines (University of Michigan squamous carcinoma of the vulva UM‐SCV‐1A and UM‐SCV‐1B) were established from the primary tumor and a malignant pleural effusion of a 62‐year‐old woman. Both tumor specimens grew vigorously in vitro and could be passaged after only 14 and 10 days in culture, respectively. Both cell lines undergo 3 population doublings in 4 days, reaching saturation densities of 5 × 105 cells/cm2, and have been carried through more than 30 in vitro passages. In nude mice the cultured cells initially formed tumors but these regressed 2–3 weeks after inoculation. The regressing mouse tumors consisted of poorly differentiated squamous carcinoma surrounded by an inflammatory lymphoid infiltrate. The UM‐SCV‐1 cell lines express membrane antigens typically displayed by squamous‐cell carcinomas. These include the HLA class‐1 light chain β2‐microglobulin, pemphigus, pemphigoid, and the α6β4 integrin defined by the UM‐A9 monoclonal antibody (MAb). In contrast to the A431 vulvar carcinoma, these tumor lines do not have amplified expression of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor. Although tissue from the primary tumor contained low levels of estrogen receptor activity, no receptor activity was detected in the cell lines. Nevertheless, both lines were sensitive to growth inhibition by tamoxifen. This effect was not reversible by estradiol, indicating an estrogen‐receptor‐independent mechanism. The tumors were both hypotetraploid, contained the same chromosome rearrangements and had stable karyotypes in vitro. Each contained inv(1)(p36.3q32.1), del(4)(q12), dic(4;11)(q12;p11.2), i(5p), der(6)t(3;6)(q25.1;p21.1), several rearrangements involving chromosomes 8 and 14, +i(13), i(18p), a dicentric t(11;19), and 2 or 3 unidentified markers. Since the karyotypes of both tumors were the same, no major karyotypic change was associated with metastatic spread. These paired primary and metastatic SCC lines from an unusually aggressive vulvar carcinoma provide an in vitro model for analysis of the biological basis of this tumor's behavior.
Establishment and characterization of a leukemic murine cell line derived from MCF 247 MuLV‐induced T‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Dolcetti Riccardo , Carbone Antonino , Barlati Sergio , Maestro Roberta , Rizzo Silvana , Sonego Fulvia , Feriotto Giordana , Bellotti Daniela , Boiocchi Mauro 
Published: February 2007

AbstractUnderstanding of the leukemic evolution of human non‐Hodgkin's lymphomas is hindered by the lack of appropriate animal models. For this purpose, a highly leukemic cell line NQ22, derived from a MCF 247 murine leukemia virus (MuLV)‐induced murine T‐cell lymphoma, was established, and its preliminary characterization is described. The NQ22 cell line is easily transplantable subcutaneously (s.c.) into syngeneic AKR mice exhibiting early peripheral blood invasion and widespread dissemination with a leukemic pattern of infiltration. Such peculiar in vivo behavior is a stable phenotypic feature, probably determined genetically. Biological and differentiation characteristics of the NQ22 cell line were analyzed and compared to those of other non‐leukemic T‐lymphoma lines. In addition, no evidence of possible involvement of plasminogen activator (PA) enzymes and of their inhibitors (PA1) in the spreading ability of NQ22 cells was observed.
The CMF‐regimen. Modulation of cyclophosphamide uptake and clearance by methotrexate and fluorouracil
Authors: De Bruijn Ernst A. , Geng Yi , Hermans Jo , Driessen Oscar 
Published: February 2007

AbstractInfluence of the 2 antimetabolites used in the CMF‐regimen, methotrexate (MTX, M) and fluorouracil (FUra, F) on in vivo pharmacokinetics of orally administered cyclophosphamide (CY, C), were studied in WAG/Rij rats. Blood plasma concentrations of CY following oral administration were monitored in single‐agent CY, in CY + MTX (CM), in CY + FUra (CF) and in CY + MTX + FUra (CMF) treatments. Each treatment group consisted of at least 10 rats. CY was determined in 50 μl of plasma by capillary gas chromatography on the first day of chemotherapy. Statistical analysis of blood plasma concentration data revealed a significant influence of both MTX and FUra on CY input/output function (p: 0.01). MTX and FUra significantly increased the area under the plasma concentration time‐curve, whereas tmax was significantly prolonged in CF and CMF treatment groups (p: 0.01). It is suggested that MTX and FUra interact at the site of CY pre‐systemic metabolism, including first‐pass metabolism, subsequently resulting in prolonged absorption.