bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multichannel cochlear implants. Current status and future developments.
Authors: Michelson Robin P. , Schindler Robert A. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe University of Califorina, San Francisco has been active in the development of the multichannel cochlear implants for rehabilitation of total sensory deafness for the past 8 years. Patients implanted with experimental prototypes of the devices now in use have demonstrated that speech discrimination of 40% to 50% is possible for common everyday words and sentence material. These devices provide the same stimulation to each of the 8 bipolar pairs in the cochlea. They have an internal disconnect device which allows for replacement and upgrading of implanted receiver‐drivers without disturbing the scala tympani electrodes. Application of these devices in a larger deaf population is currently underway. The present report discusses the current status of implants and the future developments we feel are necessary to achieve improved speech discrimination.
Synchronous tuberculous involvement of both ears and the larynx in a patient with active pulmonary disease.
Authors: Anderson Craig W. , Stevens Michael H. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractSince the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in the United States has declined dramatically, this diagnosis is often overlooked in the differential diagnosis of puzzling extrapulmonary disease. Recent publications emphasize that tuberculosis still needs to be considered in patients with chronic ear, nose, and throat complaints. A patient with tuberculosis involving both middle ears, the larynx, and the lung was correctly diagnosed only after a prolonged delay and several visits for chronically draining ears. As a result of the infection, subtotal bilateral tympanic membrane perforations and a profound hearing loss in both ears occurred. This case emphasizes the importance of a high index of suspicion in the evaluation and treatment of patients with symptoms of chronic disease who fail to respond to conventional therapy.
The effect of hemolyzed erythrocytes in the virulence of escherichia coli and of normal human oral flora in a mouse model.
Authors: Hoffman Henry T. , Davidson Terence M. , Fierer Joshua 
Published: October 2006

AbstractHemoglobin enhances the virulence of E. coli in the peritoneum. This study investigates the effect of blood on the virulence of E. coli and human oral anaerobes in the mouse neck. E. coli neck infectivity is significantly enhanced by blood. Oral anaerobic infections are not affected.
Indications and methods for performance of osteoplastic‐obliterative frontal sinusotomy with a description of a new method and some remarks upon the present state of the art of external frontal sinus surgery.
Authors: Guggenheim Paul 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe Goodale‐Montgomery osteoplastic obliterative frontal sinusotomy has been the ultimate resource in America for the most difficult and intractable cases of frontal sinusitis. This operation respects the integrity of the frontal floor and is based upon a concept with which the author disagrees: that the frontal sinus may be treated as an entity quite separate from the ethmoid. Macbeth, who does not obliterate, avails himself of the excellent transfrontal approach to the ethmosphenoids, but breaches the frontal floor in so doing. American surgeons have not followed his lead. The pros and cons of obliteration are discussed, reviewing relevant clinical and experimental data. The author believes that Macbeth's operation is more rational and effective than Goodale's. In an effort to utilize it and have the benefits of an obliterative technique, he employs a composite fat‐fascia lata graft which prevents prolapse of fat down into nose and ethmoid. Three cases are briefly reported.
Surgery of the crooked nose.
Authors: Patterson Carl N. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe approach to surgery of the crooked nose has changed significantly in the last two decades due in a large measure to a better understanding of the growth, anatomy, and physiology of the nose.The crooked nose often presents a challenging problem to the surgeon because of the multiplicity of deformities. In most cases, deformities of the external bony and cartilaginous nose, septum and turbinates must all be corrected simultaneously in order to obtain a satisfactory and lasting restoration of the nasal airway as well as of the external nasal configuration.
Head and neck involvement with malignant histiocytosis: Case report and literature review.
Authors: Luedke Susan L. , Luedke Dan W. , Mccabe Kevin 
Published: October 2006

AbstractMalignant Histiocytosis (MH) is a disease being recognized with greater frequency. A case is reported together with a literature review to determine the frequency of this occurrence. Of the 108 case reports of MH reviewed, 43 (39%) had head and neck involvement described, with 22 (20%) having extranodal disease. Nine (40%) of the 22 cases with extra‐nodal disease had primary involvement with an apparent survival advantage over the 13 (60%) with secondary involvement (12 mo. vs. 4 mo.). Although those with primary involvement may have apparently localized disease, systemic spread was eventually described in all case reports. Based on the above, MH should be considered as a diagnostic possibility in patients with head and neck lesions, and when diagnosed, systemic therapy should be administered even when the disease is apparently localized.
Temporary artificial obstruction of the nose and changes in gas exchange in the blood.
Authors: Cvetnic Vladimir , Cvetnic Sopija , Grbac Ivan 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA group of 31 subjects were subjected to complete artificial obstruction of the nose for a period of one hour. Their ages ranged from 14 to 16 years. Prior to the experiment the subjects were found to be healthy. During the nasal obstruction there was a fall in pO2 and an increase in pCO2 due to the hindered ventilation.
Lymphatics of the floor of the mouth and neck: Anatomical studies related to contralateral drainage pathways
Authors: Ossopp Robert H. , Sisson George A. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractAn anatomical study was made to determine the role of the regional lymphatic drainage pathways in contralateral flow from the floor of the mouth in the dog. Microsurgical techniques were used to cannulate and perfuse a lymphatic vessel. Following a two hour infusion, bilateral radical neck dissections were performed. An efferent upper jugular communicating pathway was repeatedly identified which crossed the midline and drained into the contralateral subdigastric group of nodes. These studies demonstrate a precise role for the regional lymphatic drainage pathways in contralateral flow from the floor of the mouth.
Surgical rehabilitation following anterior resection for oral cavity carcinoma
Authors: Donald Paul J. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractResection of large tumors located in the anterior aspect of the oral cavity is commonly complicated by problems of functional disturbance and esthetic aberration. Oral incompetence with defects in swallowing and inadvertant drooling are often major hurdles to overcome. The cosmetic deformity produced by the loss of support of the anterior floor of mouth and tongue due to the resected mandibular arch provides one of the most challenging reconstructive exercises facing the head and neck surgeon. Surgical rehabilitation is most adequately achieved by a consideration of each physiological defect produced by the surgical alteration of each anatomical entity in the lower third of the face. Reestablishment of mandibular arch continuity is the keystone of the reconstructive effort; however, procedures that improve lip support, lingual mobility, and alveolar ridge enhancement are vital features in the rehabilitation of a functioning esthetically acceptable oral and perioral region.
Treatment results of combined high‐dose preoperative radiotherapy and surgery for oropharyngeal cancer
Authors: Rabuzzi Daniel D. , Mickler Andrew S. , Clutter Donald J. , Chung Chung T. , Sagerman Robert H. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractFifty‐eight patients receiving planned high‐dose preoperative radiotherapy followed by en bloc oro‐mandibular‐cervical resection for oropharyngeal cancer were reviewed. These patients received continued close observation and care from both the Otolaryngology and Radiotherapy services. In light of the ongoing controversy of preoperative vs. postoperative radiotherapy, we present our data demonstrating the value of preoperative radiation.An overall tumor control rate of 66% was achieved, with an adjusted survival rate of 62%. This was not only for early lesions, but also in patients having advanced (T3, T4) tumor and/or nodal disease (N1–4). These figures are somewhat higher than expected from the literature. A review and discussion of the surgical complications are also presented.
A comparison of combined modalities and single modality in the management of advanced head and neck tumors
Authors: Gillis T. M. , Shapshay S. M. , Hong W. K. , Pennachio J. , Simpson G. T. , Strong M. S. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractAdvanced head and neck cancer patients can be managed by single modality or combined modalities, Between 1976 and 1979, three treatment groups were retrospectively identified. One group received induction chemotherapy, surgery, and postoperative radiation therapy. The second group received chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy. The third group was treated during the same time period with radiation alone. These groups were matched with respect to age, site of primary tumor, nodal status, absence of metastatic disease, and no prior cancer treatment.The combined modality groups were initially treated with two doses of cis‐platinum and a bleomycin infusion. Evaluation of tumor response was done 2 weeks following chemotherapy; 24 patients had surgery and postoperative radiation, 23 had radiotherapy without surgery and 24 patients were treated with radiotherapy alone.Median survival was 22 and 13 months respectively for the 2 combined modality groups and 4.7 months for the radiotherapy group. Disease‐free survival was a projected value of 40 and 35 months for the combined modality groups and an actual 3 months for the radiotherapy group.Combined modality treatment with chemotherapy and surgery and/or radiotherapy offers a higher response rate and prolonged survival than radiotherapy alone.
Breast carcinoma metastasizing to the cervical esophagus
Authors: Biller Hugh F. , Diktaban Theodore , Fink Warren , Lawson William 
Published: October 2006

AbstractTumor metastasis to the esophagus is rare. While breast carcinoma metastasizing to the thoracic esophagus has been described, there are no reported cases of spread to the cervical esophagus. Two patients, having had mastectomy for breast carcinoma several years previously, presented with cervical esophageal obstruction secondary to metastatic disease.Tumor resection with cervical esophageal reconstruction is advocated for palliation. The details of the history, diagnosis and surgical technique are presented.
Transantral sphenopalatine artery ligation
Authors: Simpson George T. , Janfaza Parviz , Becker Gary D. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractPosterior epistnxis from branches of the sphenopalatine artery can be rapidly and effectively controlled by a new ligation technique. The sphenopalatine artery or its branches arc directly ligated as they exit the sphenopalatine foramen to enter the nose, completely avoiding the pterygomaxillary fossa. The vessels are exposed via a transantral approach, through the posterior portion of the medial antral wall. The mucoperiosteum of the lateral wall of the nose (medial antral wall) is preserved, elevated medially and posteriorly and used to tense the sphenopalatine vessels, bringing them into view and accessible for ligation at the foramen. Advantages of this technique include direct, specific ligation of the end vessels; ease and speed of operation; and avoidance of complications associated with the pterygomaxillary space. The technique was defined in multiple dissections of anatomic specimens and has been successful to date in 14 cases of severe posterior epistaxis.
Nuclear scanning in necrotizing progressive “malignant” external otitis
Authors: Parisier Simon C. , Lucente Frank E. , Som Peter M. , Hirschman Sholom Z. , Arnold Leon M. , Roffman Jeffrey D. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe usefulness of radionuclear scanning in the treatment of 18 patients with necrotizing progressive “malignant” external otitis is discussed. A Tc 99‐m bone scan, a valuable test since results are positive in early cases of osteomyelitis of the temporal bone and base of skull, showed increased uptake in all 18 patients. In 6 patients, Ga‐67 citrate scans were obtained at the start of therapy and at 5–6 week intervals thereafter. The serial gallium scans were useful in evaluating the effectiveness of therapy since the uptake decreased with control of infection.
“How i do it” — Head and neck and plastic surgery: A targeted problem and its solution: Excision of zenker's diverticulum using auto‐suture technique
Authors: Vered Israel Y. , Rosen Gabriel , Resnick Semion 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe one‐stage transcutaneous hypopharyngeal diverticulectomy has become the accepted procedure for treating most of Zenker's diverticula. Myotomy of the crico pharyngeus is simultaneously done as a safeguard for sac recurrence.Experience of our general‐surgical colleagues with stapling devices has inspired us to use auto‐suture technique for the resection of Zenker's diverticulum.
The anterior tympanomeatal angle in tympanoplasty: Surgical techniques for the prevention of blunting.
Authors: Farrior Jay B. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe surgical repair of the anterior tympanic membrane with reconstruction of the vibrating anterior tympanomeatal angle is particularly difficult because of problems with graft separation, recurrent perforations, scar formation and blunting. The multilayer tympanoplasty technique anchors the structural layer of the drum to the annulus, by fixing the underlay fascial graft to the overlay graft, and reduces scar formation and blunting by immediate epithelial coverage of the vibrating anterior tympanomeatal angle.The purpose of this paper is to describe the multilayer sandwich graft tympanoplasty technique that has been effective in reconstructing the anterior tympanic membrane with preservation of the vibrating anterior tympanomeatal angle.
Endolymphatic shunt: An evaluation by test results.
Authors: Pappas Dennis G. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractFailure in the endolymphatic shunt operation for Meniere's disease is reportedly 30% or more. The fact that many patients have relief from their symptoms following this surgery offers validity to the procedure. Pure tone audiograms and sinusoidal harmonic acceleration (rotary chair or rotary test, RT) were used concurrently to evaluate end‐results of this operation in 31 patients with Meniere's disease.RT shows parameters of phase and labyrinthine preponderance (LP) calculated by a computer. LP was determined by separately integrating the total slow‐phase output of the vestibulo‐ocular reflex (VOR) to the left and right and converting the differences to percentages. Irritative and destructive lesions in Meniere's disease may be accurately resolved using this technique. It was not possible to predict with any accuracy the irritative‐destructive parameter using pure tone audiometry. Patients who had irritative lesions fared better with the shunt operation. An analysis of these patients is made with RT.
Masked mastoiditis.
Authors: Holt G. Richard , Gates George A. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractWith the advent of broad‐spectrum antibiotics, the clinical course of middle ear disease has been altered. One result has been the occasional suppression of the presenting signs and symptoms of mastoiditis secondary to acute middle ear disease, causing the clinician to have a false sense of security following apparent resolution of the middle ear infection. The course may be so insidious that the first awareness of the mastoiditis may be following presentation of an intracranial complication such as meningitis, lateral sinus thrombosis, or brain abscess.The authors report 9 patients seen in the past 5 years with masked mastoiditis, ranging in age from 4 months to 43 years. The presenting symptoms were all vague and non‐classical; however, intracranial complications of meningitis, facial paralysis, brain abscess, and papilledema were present on admission in 7 patients, and another 2 patients had unsuspected epidural abscess upon surgical exploration. The mastoid radiographs were uniformly positive, while the CT scan was positive in 3/9 patients. All patients recovered following mastoidectomy and intracranial therapy except one patient who expired after brain herniation. The clinician is urged to maintain a high suspicion of masked mastoiditis in the high‐risk patient, including newborn, diabetic, elderly, immunosuppressed or debilitated patients.
105 Patients operated upon for cerebellopontine angle tumors — experience using combined approach and co2 laser.
Authors: Gardner Gale , Robertson Jon H. , Clark W. Craig 
Published: October 2006

AbstractIn Memphis, TN, we have treated surgically 105 patients with cerebellopontine angle tumors. In reporting that experience here, we place major emphasis on the use of two surgical aids: a combined surgical approach and the CO2 laser. Diagnostic techniques are also discussed, along with data management, postoperative results, and complications.
Flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy and laryngoscopy in infants and children
Authors: Nussbaum Eliezer 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA pediatric flexible fiberoptic bronchoscope was employed in the examination and/or therapy of 164 infants and children ranging in age from 1 day to 16 years. Ninety‐two bronchoscopies and 72 laryngoscopies were performed without any mortality or significant morbidity; 78% of laryngoscopies and 35% of bronchoscopies were performed in children under 2 years of age. The instrument was helpful in terms of diagnosis, as a tool for aspirating secretions and resolving atelectasis, and as a guide for surgical intervention.It is concluded that flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy is a safe procedure in small infants and children and serves as an important aid in the diagnosis and therapy of disorders of the respiratory tract in this age group. However, caution should be expressed in its use in children with compromised ventilation, bradycardia or bleeding diathesis. Moreover, in suspected foreign body aspiration, the rigid‐open tube bronchoscopy should be employed.
Vertical eye deviation and nystagmus inhibition during mental tasking
Authors: Goebel Joel A. , Stroud Malcolm H. , Levine Laurence A. , Muntz Harlan R. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractTwenty subjects with no vestibular complaints and normal otoscopic exams were stimulated with 44°C water for 5 minutes in one ear and their nystagmus was recorded by vertical and horizontal electro‐oculography. Changes in vertical eye position and nystagmus inhibition were correlated during periods of mental tasking, relaxation, and voluntary eye elevation. The results showed an average of 42° eye depression with mental tasking during irrigation. In addition, mental arithmetic had a “releasing” effect on horizontal nystagmus. Elevation of the eyes on command, however, produced marked irregularity in the horizontal tracings, simulating inhibition. Almost every subject had an apparent vertical deflection on ENG with eye closure. These findings suggest a mechanical component to the phenomenon of inhibition as well as an active central mechanism.
Eye tracking abnormalities in patients with cerebrovascular disease
Authors: Konrad Horst R. , Rybak Leonard P. , Ramsey Don E. , Anderson Darrel R. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractTen patients with disequilibrium, ataxia, and cerebrovascular abnormalities were studied using computer aided eye tracking and vestibular function tests.The patients had severe abnormalities in smooth pursuit (decreased gain) and saccade tests (increased delay, decreased accuracy). Optokinetic responses were less affected. The gain of the vestibulo‐oculomotor reflex was sometimes affected. Patients with eye tracking abnormalities frequently had symptoms of difficulty reading and watching television. When the lesion was asymmetrical, abnormal eye tracking tests usually pointed to the side of the lesion.Computer aided eye tracking tests are a useful adjunct to the evaluation of the patient with suspected vascular disease. They help to locate areas of central nervous system dysfunction, and produce an objective measurement of the severity of impairment.Conversely, when impairment of the smooth pursuit or saccade system is detected in patients being evaluated for disequilibrium, an assessment of the patients' cerebrovascular system should be considered.
Symposium on endolymphatic hydrops: Meniere's syndrome and otitis media
Authors: Spector Gershon J. , Paparella Michael M. , De Sousa Luis Carlos , Mancini Fernando 
Published: October 2006

AbstractWe here present a clinical study of 37 patients with Meniere's syndrome. Meniere's syndrome can occur subsequent to and in some cases simultaneously with chronic otitis media. When otitis media which has occurred many years earlier in childhood becomes inactive, leading to sequelae of Meniere's later in life, full‐blown Meniere's symptom‐complex with vertigo tends to occur; whereas when active chronic otitis media accompanies Meniere's, cochlear Meniere's syndrome tends to predominate. Endolymphatic hydrops is described in pathological cases of labyrinthitis and in 11 human temporal bone cases where there is evidence of chronic otitis media in the absence of visible labyrinthitis. A discussion of pathogenic factors includes considerations of quantity of endolymph due to hypodevelopment of the endolymphatic duct and sac related to mastoid hypocellularity and otomastoiditis in childhood and to other endolymphatic malabsorptions and also considerations of endolymph quality which can influence endolymph production as well as absorption.