bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DIREITO AO ESQUECIMENTO DENTRO DAS GARANTIAS FUNDAMENTAIS E DOS DIREITOS HUMANOS
Authors: Sousa Ismael da Costa Maria Eduarda 
Published: February 2025

O direito ao esquecimento, embora não tenha sido descrito na carta constitucional vigente no Brasil, apresenta matéria e características que levam a alguns doutrinadores defendê-lo como um direito fundamental. Ao considerá-lo de tal modo, ele passa a colidir com a liberdade de expressão, outra garantia fundamental que, por sua vez, está devidamente prevista no rol constitucional. Assim, como os direitos fundamentais estão inclusos na categoria dos direitos humanos, o presente artigo busca analisar se o direito ao esquecimento pode ser considerado tal direito e como ocorre o juízo de ponderação entre ele e outras garantias. A partir dessas assertivas, a pesquisa se volta para seu intuito principal que consiste em entender a posição do direito ao esquecimento dentro dos direitos humanos e seus mecanismos de proteção. A metodologia utilizada apresenta um caráter dedutivo, com análise da doutrina e jurisprudência do direito brasileiro, a qual conclui que o direito ao esquecimento pode ser garantido dentro do ordenamento vigente.

Palavras-chave: Direito ao esquecimento. Direitos humanos. Direitos fundamentais. Colisão. Proteção.
DIREITO ACHADO NA RUA
Authors: Assessoria Jurídica Popular Ana Cristina Carneiro Tavares Feitosa , Jéssica Carvalho da Silva Carolina , Fonseca Silva Venceslau Giovanna , Azevedo dos Santos Lorena , Monteiro dos Santos Nycolle 
Published: February 2025

Este artigo trata-se da explanação do direito achado na rua, através dos movimentos sociais, ressaltando sua importância diante da desigualdade social, mas delimitando ao acontecimento do abastecimento de energia elétrica, contrastando a realidade entre a comunidade e as áreas nobres do Recife. Ao longo do texto, são levantados questionamentos com o objetivo de estimular o leitor a refletir e desmistificar a estereotipização dos movimentos sociais. Além disso, são retratados conhecimentos sobre as condições dos moradores nas áreas marginalizadas do Recife, assim, compreendida a insatisfação com a negação de serviços básicos para moradores dessas localidades.

Palavras-chave: Direito achado nas ruas. Movimentos Sociais. Energia Elétrica. Desigualdade Social. Recife.
REFLEXÕES SOBRE A CRISE CLIMÁTICA E O IMPACTO DOS DIREITOS HUMANOS NO BRASIL:
Authors: Santa Rita Wayand de Almeida Naira 
Published: February 2025

Este artigo examina e reflete sobre a crise climática no Brasil e seus impactos nos direitos humanos, com ênfase em interseccionalidades como racismo ambiental e deslocamento climático, que aumentam a vulnerabilidade de grupos historicamente negligenciados. Ele analisa como as mudanças climáticas afetam desproporcionalmente negros, comunidades indígenas, quilombolas, mulheres e populações LGBTQIA+, explorando vínculos entre deslocamento climático e um ciclo de desastres baseado em violações sistêmicas de direitos. O racismo ambiental, frequentemente normalizado, se torna mais pronunciado durante eventos climáticos extremos, levando a consequências negligenciadas como deslocamento, insegurança alimentar e exclusão social. O estudo qualitativo, baseado em revisão de literatura, destaca a necessidade urgente de políticas públicas inclusivas para abordar essas disparidades e promover justiça social e climática.

Palavras-chave: Crise Climática; Direitos Humanos; Interseccionalidade; Deslocamento Climático; Brasil.

Referências:
BISPO DOS SANTOS, Antônio. A terra dá, a terra quer. 1. ed. Ubu Editora, 2023.
BULLARD, Robert D. JOHNSON, Glenn S. Environmental justice: grassroots activism and its impact on public policy decision making. Journal of Social Issues, v. 56, n. 3, p. 555–578, 2000.
IBGE –INSTITUTO BRASILEIRO DE GEOGRAFIA E ESTATÍSTICA. Censo demográfico 2022: Resultados gerais da amostra. Rio de Janeiro, 2022. Disponível em: https://censo2022.ibge.gov.br/.Acesso em: 10 jul. 2024.
INTERNAL DISPLACEMENT MONITORING CENTRE. 2023. Global Report on Internal Displacement (GRID). Geneva: IDMC, 2023. Disponível em: https://www.internal-displacement.org/publications/2023-global-report-on-internal-displacement-grid/.Acesso em: 10 jul. 2024.
KRENAK, Ailton. Ideias para adiar o fim do mundo.São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 2019.
MARINGONI, Gilberto. O destino dos negros após a abolição. Brasília: Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada (IPEA), 2011. Disponível em: Biblioteca do IJSN.Acesso em: 16 set. 2024.
Optimalisasi Keterampilan Masyarakat Desa Manjung Melalui Pelatihan Budidaya dan Pengolahan TOGA
Authors: Husna Karomah Afifah , Muttaqin Fauzul , Ganesia Riska Andita , Rozak Ilham Fatku , Sayekti Ika Candra , Hastuti Weni 
Published: February 2025

Indonesia merupakan negara agraris yang memiliki potensi besar dalam pemanfaatan tanaman obat keluarga (TOGA) untuk kesehatan dan ekonomi. Desa Manjung di Kabupaten Boyolali, khususnya Dukuh Pundung RW 2 RT 6, memiliki potensi TOGA namun terbengkalai dan tidak dimanfaatkan. Tujuan program ini yaitu 1) menghidupkan kembali kegiatan di kawasan TOGA dengan mengajak responden RW 2 RT 6 dan membentuk kembali struktur kepengurusan pojok TOGA; 2) meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan ibu-ibu PKK dalam pemanfaatan tanaman TOGA di Dukuh Pundung Desa Manjung. Metode pelaksanaan program meliputi: sosialisasi dan pelatihan budidaya TOGA; pemberdayaan masyarakat; dan pendampingan dengan pengolahan, pengemasan, serta pemasaran produk TOGA. Sasaran program ini sebanyak 18 orang anggota PKK yang berdomisili di Dukuh Pundung. Pengukuran keberhasilan program dilakukan melalui pre-test dan post-test untuk mengukur pemahaman peserta sedangkan keterampilan sasaran dilakukan melalui penilaian unjuk kerja dan observasi. Hasil program ini menunjukkan bahwa: 1) kegiatan di kawasan TOGA kembali berjalan serta terbentuk struktur kepengurusan pojok TOGA di Dukuh Pundung; 2) terdapat peningkatan pemahaman responden, dengan 55,6% peserta mengalami peningkatan dalam kategori sedang hingga tinggi, sedangkan 44,4% peserta mengalami peningkatan rendah; 2) terdapat peningkatan keterampilan responden dalam mengolah tanaman toga.
Acid-Base Balance and Selected Hematologic, Electrolyte, and Blood Chemical Variables in Calves: Milk-Fed vs Conventionally Fed
Authors: Reece William O. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Several hematologic, acid-base, and electrolyte variables were characterized for newborn milk-fed calves and conventionally fed calves at weekly intervals for 15 weeks. Definition was given to the iron deficiency, microcytic, hypochromic anemia which developed in milk-fed calves. Acid-base variables in milk-fed calves differed from variables in conventionally fed calves only in having a greater value for base excess. Acid-base variables responded with decreasing magnitude by weeks for both feeding treatments, and responses associated with ambient temperature were suggested. Responses of the other variables and their comparisons between the feeding treatments also were analyzed.
Allergenic Activity and Biochemical Analysis of Three Soluble Antigen Preparations from Brucella abortus Strain 45/20
Authors: Woodard Lynn F. , Toone Nancy 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Three Brucella abortus strain 45/20 antigen preparations were compared with regard to their chemical composition and allergenic potential. A popular method of extracting soluble antigens from whole cells with hypertonic saline solution and ethanol precipitation was compared with the method of trichloroacetic acid (tca) or ammonium sulfate (as) precipitation of antigens released into solution by ultrasonic cell disruption. Biochemical analysis of the preparations revealed that tca and as precipitates had considerably more protein and DNA and less carbohydrates and RNA than did the saline-ethanol extracts.
Strain 19-vaccinated cattle were simultaneously skin tested with the three antigen preparations which had been standardized to an equal protein content. Significant (P < 0.01) delayed hypersensitivity reactions were observed in response to all three antigen preparations. However, tca-prepared allergens were more active in eliciting delayed hypersensitivity (P < 0.05) than were the two other allergens. Increased agglutinating antibodies were not observed in response to the skin-test reagents.
Porcine Rotaviral Infection of Cell Culture: Effects of Certain Enzymes
Authors: Theil K. W. , Bohl E. H. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Porcine rotaviral infectivity for continuous porcine kidney (PK-15) cells was enhanced by incorporation of pancreatic endopeptidases into the cell culture maintenance medium. Marked enhancement of infectivity was induced by trypsin, whereas elastase and α-chymotrypsin enhanced infectivity to a lesser extent. Bacterial protease also induced some enhancement of porcine rotaviral infectivity. A synergistic enhancement of porcine rotaviral infectivity was noticed with trypsin and α-chymotrypsin combined. Porcine rotaviral infectivity was not affected by incorporation of α-amylase, alkaline phosphatase, β-galactosidase, carboxypeptidase-A, deoxyribonuclease, enterokinase, lipase, or ribonuclease into the maintenance medium.
Interaction Between Pasteurella haemolytica and Bovine Alveolar Macrophages: Cytotoxic Effect on Macrophages and Impaired Phagocytosis
Authors: Markham R. J. F. , Wilkie B. N. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Cultured bovine alveolar macrophages phagocytosed formalized 125I-labeled Pasteurella haemolytica organisms poorly when compared with uptake of an identical number of radiolabeled Yersinia enterocolitica organisms. The presence of immune serum enhanced uptake of P haemolytica, yet at high bacteria-to-macrophage ratios, a significant positive correlation existed between uptake and loss of cells from coverslips. This phenomenon was not observed with Y enterocolitica. While culture supernatant from P haemolytica either impaired phagocytosis or were cytotoxic to cultured macrophages, supernatant from Y enterocolitica did not show this effect. The observation of an apparent deterimental effect on bovine alveolar macrophages after uptake of P haemolytica may be used to explain events occurring in pneumonic pasteurellosis in cattle and may help in the development of immunization techniques.
Electrophysiologic Studies of Cutaneous Nerves of the Thoracic Limb of the Dog
Authors: Kitchell R. L. , Whalen L. R. , Bailey C. S. , Lohse C. L. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
The cutaneous innervation of the thoracic limb was investigated in 36 barbiturate-anesthetized dogs, using electrophysiologic techniques. The cutaneous area (ca) innervated by each cutaneous nerve was delineated in at least five dogs by stroking the hair in the area with a small watercolor brush while recording from the nerve. Mapping of adjacent ca revealed areas of considerable overlapping. The part of the ca of a given nerve supplied by only that nerve is referred to as its autonomous zone. Of all nerves arising from the brachial plexus, only the suprascapular, subscapular, lateral thoracic, thoracodorsal, and cranial and caudal pectoral nerves lacked cutaneous afferents. The dorsal cutaneous branch of C6 had a ca, but no grossly demonstrable dorsal cutaneous branches for C7, C8, or T1 were found. The cervical nerves had ventral cutaneous branches, but no lateral cutaneous branches. Thoracic nerves T2-T4 had dorsal, ventral, and lateral cutaneous branches. The cutaneous branches of the brachiocephalic, axillary, musculocutaneous, radial, median, and ulnar nerves all had ca which were overlapped by adjacent ca, thus their autonomous zones were much smaller than the cutaneous areas usually depicted for these nerves in anatomy and neurology textbooks.
Demonstration of an R Plasmid in a Strain of Pasteurella haemolytica Isolated from Feedlot Cattle
Authors: Zimmerman Mary L. , Hirsh Dwight C. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
A strain of Pasteurella haemolytica isolated from the lungs of feedlot cattle with pneumonia was shown to be resistant to ampicillin, tetracycline, and streptomycin.
Two small, nontransmissible plasmids were shown to be responsible, for tetracycline resistance, a 5.7 × 106 dalton plasmid, and for streptomycin resistance, a 5.5 × 106 dalton plasmid. Ampicillin resistance passed by transformation to Escherichia coli could not be shown conclusively to be on a plasmid. Ampicillin resistance was shown to be mediated by means of a β-lactamase with high activity against cephaloridine.
Virus Isolation and Immunofluorescence in Different Organs of Pigs Infected with Hemagglutinating Encephalomyelitis Virus
Authors: Andries K. , Pensaert Μ. B. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus (hev; also designated vomiting and wasting disease virus) was inoculated oronasally in 26 colostrum-deprived pigs. Anorexia and vomition were seen after an incubation period of 4 to 6 days. In pigs killed during the incubation period or within 2 days after the onset of the clinical signs, hev could be isolated regularly from the tonsils and the respiratory tract, irregularly from the digestive tract, rarely from the blood, and never from lymph nodes and spleen. The brainstem almost always contained virus after clinical signs appeared, but was only once positive during the incubation period. Olfactory bulb, cerebrum, cerebellum, and vagal nerve were also frequently virus positive in pigs which were ill when killed.
The results of the examination by immunofluorescent antibody technique indicated that hev multiplies in the epithelium lining the respiratory tract and the tonsillar crypts, in neuroepithelium of the nasal mucosa, and in neurons of the digestive tract. The neuronotropism of hev was also shown by the presence of fluorescence in the perikaryon of neurons in the brainstem and in the trigeminal ganglion without the involvement of other cell types. The presence of viral antigens in the perikaryon of trigeminal sensory ganglion cells in pigs killed during the incubation period was considered as positive evidence for viral spread via nerves.
Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis: Effects of Vaccination on Moraxella bovis Carrier State in Cattle
Authors: Pugh G. W. , McDonald T. J. , Kopecky K. E. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
A study was conducted to determine whether vaccination of cattle while they were undergoing an acute episode of infectious bovine kerato-conjunctivitis (ibk), would cause vaccinated cattle to abort Moraxella bovis infection sooner than nonvaccinated cattle. Fourteen calves were allotted into two groups of seven calves each, and the eyes of each calf were exposed to a virulent culture of Μ bovis. Twenty days after calves were infected and showing signs of ibk, seven calves were vaccinated with Μ bovis pilus vaccine made from the exposure strain. Ocular and nasal discharges were collected and examined for Μ bovis for 64 days.
Most calves developed signs of ibk after exposure and all but one calf (nonvaccinated) developed ocular infection with Μ bovis. The mean number of days (33 and 33.3, respectively) of ocular infection was not significantly (P = 0.05) different in the vaccinated calves than in the nonvaccinated calves. The eyes of the calf that did not become infected with Μ bovis were infected with nearly a pure culture of Escherichia coli.This calf failed to develop ocular infection, but had Μ bovis in its nasal discharge throughout the study (64 days). Moraxella bovis was isolated from the nasal discharge of other calves only when there were concurrent ocular infections.
Ultrastructure of Babesia equi in Ponies Treated with Imidocarb
Authors: Simpson Charles F. , Neal F. C. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Four splenectomized ponies were infected with Babesia equi. Two ponies were not treated, and two were treated with 5 mg of imidocarb/kg of body weight when 20% of their erythrocytes were parasitized. The nucleus of the parasite in erythrocytes from blood smears of nontreated ponies was roundish, deep red-staining, and usually composed two-thirds of the organism. The parasite in erythrocytes from blood smears of treated ponies was swollen and vacuolated except for an area just beneath the plasma membrane where the compressed nucleus was marginated, elongated, and clumpy.
Parasites in erythrocytes from nontreated and treated ponies were examined by electron microscopy. Babesia equi in erythrocytes of nontreated ponies contained food vacuoles, a prominent nucleus, smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulums, and ribosomes. There were four stages of degeneration of B equi in erythrocytes of ponies treated with imidocarb. The first stage was dilatation of the nuclear cisterna and clumping of chromatin. The second stage included dissolution of the nuclear envelope and passage of nuclear matrix into the cytoplasm. The third stage consisted of vacuolation of the cytoplasm and compression of the chromatin to the periphery of the cell. In the fourth stage of degeneration, the organism consisted essentially of a vacuole, and chromatin was condensed into an irregular mass of clumped material.
Isolation of Staphylococcus hyicus subsp hyicus from a Pig with Septic Polyarthritis
Authors: Phillips Walter E. , King Robert E. , Kloos Wesley E. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Staphylococcus hyicus subsp hyicus (coagulase-positive) was isolated in pure culture from the left coxafemoral and right shoulder joints of a 4-week-old pig with septic polyarthritis. Present taxonomic criteria and DNA-DNA hybridization studies with reference strains were utilized to identify the isolate. There were no clinical signs or generalized skin lesions of porcine exudative epidermitis noticed in this pig.
Canine Distemper Virus: Review of Structural and Functional Modulations in Lymphoid Tissues
Authors: Krakowka Steven , Higgins R. J. , Koestner Adalbert 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
A review is made of the morphologic and functional aspects of canine distemper-virus (cdv) infection on lymphoid tissues. Fatal infection is associated with virus-related systemic depletion of T and B lymphocyte-dependent areas in lymphoid tissues. Massive lymphoid necrosis, a feature of infection in conventional animals, does not occur with cdv infection in gnotobiotes. Additional lesions seen are focal and then diffuse reticulum cell hyperplasia, occasionally virus-associated syncytial giant cells, and intracytoplasmic viral inclusion bodies. In subacutely affected or convalescent dogs, repopulation of lymphoid tissues with associated germinal center formation commences 16 to 20 days after infection. Germinal center formation in the medullary portion of the thymus may be present as a residual lesion in these animals.
Infection results in a leukocyte-associated viremia and viral strain-dependent lymphopenia of both B and T cells which may persist long into convalescence. Accompanying this alteration is loss of in vitro lymphocyte responses to phytomitogens. In vitro and in vivo cellular responses to test antigens are transiently suppressed in actively infected and in vaccinated challenge exposed animals. Outcome of infection is correlated with prompt development of cdv-specific humoral and cellular immunity. Dogs surviving cdv infection are less able to make antibodies to an immunogen than are noninfected controls. The results of these studies indicate that cdv has profound immediate and long-term effects on normal lymphoid tissue structure and function in dogs.
Further Observations on Chloramphenicol Toxicosis in Cats
Authors: Watson A. D. J. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
After a base-line period (14 days), five cats were orally given 50 mg of chloramphenicol every 12 hours for 21 days. Clinical signs of toxicosis were cns depression, reduced intake of food and water, and weight loss. Changes in peripheral blood included lower platelet counts after treatment for 1 week and fewer neutrophils after treatment for 3 weeks; one cat developed lymphocytopenia after 1 week and neutropenia after 2 weeks. Changes in bone marrow at the end of treatment comprised vacuolation of early myeloid cells and lymphocytes, and reduced myeloid maturation ratio, and some cats also had reduced marrow cellularity, or increased myeloid:erythroid ratio, or both of these.
Application of a Leukocyte Migration-Inhibition Agarose Test to Swine Dysentery
Authors: Jenkins E. M. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Cell-mediated immunity (cmi) was demonstrated in swine naturally affected with swine dysentery (sd) by a leukocyte migration-inhibition agarose test (lmat). Migration of leukocytes from sd-affected pigs was inhibited in the presence of soluble antigen of Treponema hyodysenteriae, whereas migration of leukocytes from noninfected swine was not inhibited by exposure to the same antigen. Cell-mediated immunity was detected initially after the appearance of clinical signs of the disease, and a peak migration index (mi) of 0.11 (P < 0.01) was detected at 2 weeks thereafter. The mi gradually decreased over the remaining 3 weeks of the experiment. Humoral antibody correlated well with cmi, since both showed maximum production within the same time interval. Leukocytes of swine naturally affected with sd 4 months previously had a significant mi response of 0.73 (P < 0.05), whereas uninfected swine of comparable age and weight showed a mi of 0.94 that was not significant (P > 0.05). The results indicated that the lmat may be useful for the diagnosis of sd.
Experimentally Induced Toxicoinfectious Botulism in Horses and Foals
Authors: Swerczek T. W. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Four experiments were performed to elucidate the pathogenesis of toxicoinfectious botulism in horses and foals. Groups of horses and foals were inoculated with one of the following: (1) crude toxin of Clostridium botulinum, type B, given iv, (2) C botulinum spores, given im, (3) C botulinum spores, given im, in necrotic lesions, and (4) C botulinum spores, given orally with and without dexamethasone.
Toxin of C botulinum in minute amounts is toxic to horses. Clostridium botulinum spores produced toxicosis only when necrotic lesions were present. When C botulinum spores were given orally, they were innocuous. Toxicosis occurred when dexamethasone and C botulinum spores were given orally to a foal with necrotic lesions. Corticosteroids appear to predispose foals to the disease. In the animals where C botulinum organisms infected necrotic lesions, the clinical signs and the lesions seen on necropsy were identical with those seen in spontaneously occurring toxicoinfectious botulism.
Effect of Dehydrocholic, Chenodeoxycholic, and Taurocholic Acids on the Excretion of Bilirubin
Authors: Engelking L. R. , Gronwall R. , Anwer Μ. S. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
The effects of iv bile acid infusion (at approx 20% of normal excretion rate) on the biliary excretion of 3-α-hydroxy bile acids and bilirubin were investigated in ponies prepared surgically with chronic external biliary fistulas. Endogenous bile acid excretion (approx 45 µmol/min) decreased to the hepatic synthesis rate (approx 1.5 µmol/min) during the initial 4 to 5 hours of bile drainage. In type 1 studies, both chenodeoxycholic and taurocholic acid infusion (8 to 9 µmol/min) increased bilirubin excretion by 58% to 82% following 5 hours of biliary diversion. During type 2 studies, 3-hour iv infusions (10.5 µmol/min) of dehydrocholic acid, 4 hours following biliary diversion, increased bile flow by 45% to 62% and excretion of 3-α-hydroxy bile acid by 34% to 36% above preinfusion (hepatic synthesis) levels. Bilirubin excretion was not significantly changed during those increases in bile flow and bile acid excretion. Immediately after dehydrocholic acid infusion, taurocholic acid infusion (8.1 µmol/min) greatly increased bilirubin excretion for 1 hour (a reversal of hepatic storage identical to that found during type 1 studies), prolonged excretion (mg/2 hours) being two to three times that caused by dehydrocholic acid infusion. Bilirubin excretion appeared to correlate with the micelle-forming capacity of endogenous bile acids as opposed to the nonmicelle-forming characteristic of synthetic dehydrocholic acid.