bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monoclonal antibodies against mesothelial membrane antigen discriminate between malignant mesothelioma and lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Stahel Rolf A. , O'Hara Carl J. , Weibel Robert , Martin Alexander 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMonoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were generated by immunizing mice with the mesothelioma cell line SPC111 and selected by indirect immunofluorescence on viable cells. Indirect immunofluorescence staining and radioimmunoassays demonstrated selective binding of the antibodies ME1 and ME2 with the surface membrane of mesothelioma, but not with lung adenocarcinoma cell lines. Lung small‐cell carcinoma cell lines were unreactive, while staining was seen in a proportion of lung squamous‐cell carcinoma cell lines. The antibodies were unreactive with other cell lines, including breast, colon, ovarian, and renal‐cell carcinoma, leukemia, and lung fibroblast. The antibodies stained normal mesothelial cells, but were unreactive with normal bronchial epithelial cells in primary cultures, or peripheral blood cells. Immunohistochemical staining of cryostat sections of tumor tissues confirmed the ability of the antibodies to distinguish between mesothelioma and lung adenocarcinoma. All 12 mesothelioma tissues, but none of 9 lung adenocarcinomas or large‐cell carcinomas, stained with the MAbs. Staining of malignant mesothelioma tissues was very homogeneous. Some lung squamous‐cell carcinomas and breast carcinomas were stained focally by both, and some ovarian carcinomas by one antibody. Solid‐phase radioimmunoassays demonstrated antigen sensitivity to chymotrypsin digestion and binding competition between the antibodies. The antibodies ME1 and ME2 identify a surface membrane antigen with preferential expression on normal and malignant mesothelial cells. They distinguish malignant mesothelioma from lung adenocarcinoma on cryostat sections and promise to be useful tools in biological studies of mesothelial cells.
Evidence for alpha‐melanocyte‐stimulating hormone (α‐MSH) receptors on human malignant melanoma cells
Authors: Ghanem G. E. , Comunale G. , Libert A. , Vercammen‐Grandjean A. , Lejeune F. J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe presence of α‐MSH receptors on human melanoma has so far been suggested in the literature but not proved. We describe a reproducible and specific binding assay of α‐MSH on human melanoma cells, using a high‐specific‐activity 125I‐labelled hormone (1.5 to 2 mCi/μg) with consistent receptor binding (usually exceeding 2 pg/106cells) and stable for 3 weeks. Asynchronized cells in suspension were incubated for 15 min at 37°C with the tracer and various concentrations of unlabelled hormones. Synthetic α‐MSH was compared to β‐MSH, ACTH1‐24, ACTH4–10, β‐LPH, CLIP, CRF, MIF I, A8VP and β‐endorphin. Out of a panel of 8 human melanoma cell lines, 3 showed specific and reproducible α‐MSH binding curves. No significant binding to human fibroblast and human carcinoma cells was seen. α‐MSH, β‐MSH and, to a lesser extent ACTH4–10 (a part of the α‐MSH sequence) were the only peptides able to displace labelled α‐MSH from its binding sites, indicating the high specificity of the MSH receptor. Affinity constants (Ka) ranged from 108 to 109 I/mole and the estimated receptor number was 1,000 to 2,000 per cell. We conclude that some human melanoma cell lines expressed specific MSH receptors with stable affinity but which are low in number.
Interferon‐gamma treatment of B16 melanoma cells: Opposing effects for non‐adaptive and adaptive immune defense and its reflection by metastatic spread
Authors: Zöller M. , Strubel A. , Hämmerling G. , Andrighetto G. , Raz A. , Ben‐Ze'ev A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe impact of interferon‐gamma (IFN) treatment of tumor cells on non‐adaptive and adaptive immune defense and its reflection by metastatic spread were evaluated using a weakly metastasizing variant of B16 melanoma (B16‐FI). Treatment of B16‐F1 with IFN resulted in a decrease in binding structures for NK cells and concomitantly in augmented metastasizing capacity. In line with this, activation of NK cells and Mo, which led to reduction of metastatic nodes, was less efficient with IFN‐treated B16‐F1, while after elimination of non‐adaptive immune defense, the number of metastases increased significantly, but irrespective of IFN treatment. On the other hand, IFN‐treated B16‐F1 cells became more prone to killing by cytotoxic T‐cells (CTL). This was due to increased lysability by CTL and to increased immunogenicity; i.e., a higher frequency of B16‐specific CTL was observed after immunization with IFN‐treated than with untreated B16‐F1. The reverse phenomenon was observed with anomalous and/or lymphokine‐activated killer cells (AK/LAK). The common cause of increased antigenicity and immunogenicity may reside in increased expression of class‐I and de novo expression of class‐II MHC antigens after IFN treatment. Increased antigenicity and immunogenicity of IFN‐treated B16‐F1 was reflected by significant reduction of metastatic nodes, prolonged survival and increased TD100 in animals immunized with IFN‐treated vs. untreated melanoma cells. Comparison of the divergent effects of IFN treatment on B16‐F1 melanoma cells showed that the benefit of increased antigenicity/immunogenicity clearly out‐weighed the disadvantage of reduced susceptibility to non‐adaptive immune defense.
Biological characterization and oncogene expression in human colorectal carcinoma cell lines
Authors: Trainer Deborah L. , Kline Thomas , McCabe Francis L. , Faucette Leo F. , Feild John , Chaikin Margery , Anzano Mario , Reiman David , Hoffstein Sylvia , Li Dian‐Jun , Gennaro Doris , Buscarino Charles , Lynch Mark , Poste George , Greig Russell 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTo establish well‐characterized cellular reagents for the study of colon carcinoma, we have examined 19 human colorectal carcinoma cell lines with regard to morphology, ultra‐structure, expression of tumor‐associated antigens, proliferative capacity in vitro, anchorage‐independent growth, oncogene expression, tumorigenicity and malignant potential. Cell lines examined were cultured under identical conditions, and in vitro and in vivo analyses were performed in parallel on replicate cultures. Three classes of colorectal cell lines were defined according to their tumorigenicity in nude mice. Class‐I lines formed rapidly progressing tumors in nearly all mice at an inoculum of 106 cells. Cell lines belonging to class‐2 were less tumorigenic, producing tumors later and at a slower growth rate. Class‐3 lines were non‐tumorigenic under all experimental conditions tested. By Northern analysis, the oncogenes c‐myc, H‐ras, K‐ras, N‐ras, myb, fos and p53 were expressed in nearly all cell lines examined. In contrast, transcripts for abl, src and ros were not detected. The best in vitro predictor of tumorigenicity was colony formation in soft agar. There was no detectable correlation between tumorigenicity and metastatic potential, doubling time in vitro, production of tumor‐associated markers, xenograft histology or expression of specific oncogenes.
Dieldrin‐induced changes in isoenzyme composition in the livers of CF‐1 mice
Authors: Van Ravenzwaay Ben , Toussant Hilda J. M. , Schmitt Rolf L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe isoenzyme composition of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), pyruvate kinase (PK) and alanine‐aminotransferase was determined in the livers of CF‐1 mice exposed to 0, 5 or 10 ppm dieldrin in the diet, over a period of 14 months. This study was carried out to evaluate whether the liver tumor promoter dieldrin advances the biological age of CF‐1 mouse liver. Oral dieldrin exposure induced a dose‐dependent shift towards the fetal types of lactic dehydrogenase and pyruvate kinase, within 1.5 months of initiation of treatment. After the initial shift, no additional dieldrin‐dependent changes were found in CF‐1 mouse liver throughout the experimental observation period. Thus, the initial shifts in isoenzyme composition of LDH and PK appear to reflect the adaptation of the liver to increased functional demands imposed by dieldrin treatment. The expression of the cytoplasmic A‐alanine‐aminotransferase isoenzyme decreased with age in untreated control mice. Dieldrin treatment enhanced this process in a dose‐dependent manner. These data suggest that dieldrin treatment can accelerate age‐dependent changes in gene expression.
Diet and cancer of the stomach: A case‐control study in China
Authors: Hu Jinfu , Zhang Shufen , Jia Ermin , Wang Quoqing , Liu Shude , Liu Yunyuan , Wu Yanping , Cheng Yitang 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA case‐control study focusing on the role of single food items was undertaken in the Heilongjiang area, 241 patients with histologically verified stomach cancer and an equal number of controls (with non‐neoplastic diseases) matched by age, sex and area of residence being interviewed during a 2‐year period. Questions asked covered economic status, occupation, histories of smoking and drinking, diet and dietary habits and disease history. Data concerning the average frequency and quantity of consumption of single food items were obtained by the same interviewer. An inverse association between the consumption of vegetables and stomach cancer was observed whereas high intake of potatoes and of salted and fermented soya paste appeared to be high‐risk factors. Specifically, Chinese cabbage plays an important role in reducing the risk of developing stomach cancer.
Occupation and lung cancer in two industrialized areas of northern Italy
Authors: Ronco Guglielmo , Ciccone Giovannino , Troia Bruno , Vineis Paolo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA population‐based case‐control study on lung cancer was conducted in 2 industrialized areas of northern Italy. Cases (126) were all males who died from lung cancer between 1976 and 1980. Controls (384) were a random sample of males dying from other causes during the same period. Jobs held during working life have been analyzed according to a list of occupations already known to be causally associated with lung cancer (list A) and a list of occupations suspected of being so (list B). Attributable risk percentages in the population for occupations included in either list A or B were about 36% and 12% in the 2 areas. Welders or workers in industries in which welding is common showed elevated odds ratios: 2.9 for welders (95% Cl 0.9–9.8); 4.9 (1.1–22.9) for structural metal workers; 11.4 (2.6–49.9) for workers in structural metal production. Other job categories associated with lung cancer included: electricians and workers in electrical machine production, woodworker (in furniture or cabinet making, but not in carpentry or joinery) and cleaning services. Smoking did not seem to exert a substantial confounding effect. Attributable risk percentages for tobacco smoking were about 78% and 76% in the population of the 2 areas.
Occupation and risk of cancer of the lower urinary tract among men. A case‐control study
Authors: Claude Jenny C. , Frentzel‐Beyme Rainer R. , Kunze Ekkehard 
Published: February 2007

AbstractData from a hospital‐based matched case‐control study with 531 male pairs were analyzed for risks of cancer of the lower urinary tract associated with previous employment and particular occupational exposures. Statistically significant odds ratios were obtained for ever‐employment as mining workers (2.0), turners (2.3), tailors (2.7), truck drivers (1.8), locomotive drivers (3.0) and janitors (3.5), whereas odds ratios of 3.0 or more, found for rubber and plastics workers, printing workers, gas workers, artists and chemists were not statistically significant. When adjusted for smoking, there was a trend toward increasing relative risks with increasing duration of employment as truck drivers and as turners, and relative risks rose 3‐fold for 30 or more years of employment. With regard to a priori high‐risk industries, ever‐employment in the rubber, plastics and synthetics, dyestuff and paints, mining, and printing industries and secondary processing was associated with significantly higher relative risks, and a statistically significant trend in risk with increasing duration of employment was found for the first 3 industries mentioned. With regard to job‐related exposures to specified substances, the relative risks observed for increasing duration of exposure suggest that exposures to petroleum, oils, chromium/chromate, spray paints, and zinc, which correspond to exposures involved in the occupations showing a higher relative risk in this study, are associated with a higher risk for cancer of the lower urinary tract.
Loss of alleles on chromosome 18 and on the short arm of chromosome 17 in polyploid colorectal carcinomas
Authors: Monpezat J.‐Ph. , Delattre O. , Bernard A , Grunwald D. , Remvikos Y. , Muleris M. , Salmon R. J. , Frelat G. , Dutrillaux B. , Thomas G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe zygosity of 19 colorectal carcinomas (either near‐diploid or polyploid) from patients known to be heterozygous for RFLPs located on chromosome 18 or on the short arm of chromosome 17 has been examined. In most cases, at least one allele was significantly under‐represented. The reason for the absence of complete loss of heterozygosity was investigated for 5 polyploid tumors. It was shown that the diploid component which, in these tumors, is essentially composed of non‐neoplastic cells, remains heterozygous as the polyploid component invariably loses heterozygotity. The results strongly suggest that many colorectal carcinomas originate from a single cell which had lost at least part of either chromosome 18 or of one short arm of chromosome 17, or both.
Changes in plasma gangliosides in relation to tumor growth and their tumor‐enhancing effect
Authors: Saha Sandip , Chattopadhyay Utpala 
Published: February 2007

AbstractGangliosides in the plasma of Ehrlich ascites turn or‐bearing mice showed changes, both quantitative and qualitative, with progress of tumor. Quantitative changes assessed by chemical estimation indicated a gradual increase of gangliosides up to day 6 of tumor growth followed by a decline leading to a level below the normal by day 12. Qualitative changes studied by thin‐layer chromatography indicated appearance of new gangliosides in the plasma of tumor‐bearing mice, which were absent from normal plasma. One of these gangliosides appears to be of tumor‐cell origin. Gangliosides obtained from tumor‐bearing mouse plasma enhanced tumor growth when adoptively transferred with tumor cells into normal mice.
Qualitative and quantitative differences between Burkitt lymphoma and lymphoblastoid cell lines in the expression of membrane ecto‐nucleotidases and in the response to agonists of the A2‐type adenosine receptor
Authors: Gutensohn Wolf , Jahn Heidi 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe activity of ecto‐nucleotidases has been determined on intact cells from Burkitt lymphoma (BL) and lymphoblastoid cell lines established in vitro (LCLs). BL cells never express ecto‐5′‐nudeotidase (5′‐N) and exhibit only low levels of ecto‐ATPase activity, whereas LCL‐cells usually express both enzymes to varying degrees. There is a certain correlation (r = 0.75) between 5′‐N and ecto‐ATPase. When cAMP formation in response to agonists of the A2‐typc (stimulating) adenosine receptor is measured in the same cell lines there is no correlation with the expression of ecto‐nucleotidases. Within pairs of BL and LCL cell lines derived from the same donor, 5′‐N inverse relationship between ecto‐nucleotidases and the response to the adenosine receptor agonist N‐ethyl‐car‐boxamido‐adenosine (NECA) is observed. BL cells show a good response to NECA, whereas this is low or absent in LCL cells. Treatment of cells which exhibit both S′‐N and the adenosine receptor with specific polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies against the enzyme does not impair the function of the receptor. Antisera against peptides of the membrane antigen BNLF I‐MA, coded by the EBV‐genome, do not co‐precipitate 5′‐N out of detergent extracts of LCL‐cells. In both cases 5′‐N cannot be closely associated with other membrane components. The differences between BL and LCL cells in ecto‐nucleotidases and the adenosine receptor appear to be fairly stable phenotypical markers, independent of other parameters and suitable for use in distinguishing these cells in all populations.
Family history of colorectal cancer as a risk factor for benign and malignant tumours of the large bowel. A case‐control study
Authors: Bonbllj Luiguu , Martines Hugo , Conio Massimo , Bruzzi Paolo , Aste Hugo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe relationship between first degree family history of co‐lorectal cancer and the risk of benign or malignant tumours of the large bowel was investigated in a case‐control study. Two groups of cases (283 patients with adenomatous polyps and 414 patients with adenocarcinoma of the large bowel) and 2 groups of controls (199 polyp‐free subjects and 456 hospitalized patients) were interviewed. Since no difference in the frequency of family history between the 2 control groups was detected, these were lumped together. A 3‐fold increase in risk of adenomatous polyps in relatives of patients with colon cancer was observed (OR = 3.18. 95% Cl 2.06‐4.89). The relative risk of colorectai cancer among relatives of patients with adenocarcinoma was 2.36 (95% Cl 1.54‐3.60). No significant difference in the frequency of first degree relatives with a history of cancer of the large bowel was detected between patients with colorectai cancer and those with adenomatous polyps. When only history of colorectai cancer among parents was considered, the results closely paralleled those of the previous analysis.
Survival patterns for malignant mesothelioma: The seer experience
Authors: Spirtas Robert , Connelly Roger R. , Tucker Margaret A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractStatistical analyses of 1,475 histologically confirmed cases of malignant mesothelioma ascertained through the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Program of the National Cancer Institute for the years 1973‐1984 showed age at diagnosis, sex, stage of disease, type of treatment, and geographic area of residence to be important predictors of patient survival, although type of treatment may be confounded with prognostic factors (patients selected for surgical treatment tended to have better performance status than other patients). Women below the age of 50 had an unusually long survival, even after adjustment for the effects of other variables in the model. A relatively large proportion of female cases had site of disease designated as peritoneum, but site was not a significant prognostic factor. These results suggest that age, gender and stage of disease should be carefully considered in designing and analyzing clinical trials for persons with mesothelioma. Survival was shorter in the 4 SEER registries which had shipbuilding as a major industry than in the others with less potential asbestos exposure, offering weak support for the hypothesis that asbestos‐exposed cases of mesothelioma have worse survival experience than other cases.
Dose Versus pharmacokinetics for predicting tolerance to 5‐day continuous infusion of 5‐FU
Authors: Milano G. , Roman P. , Khater R. , Frenay M. , Renee N. , Namer M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis non‐randomized study reports pharmaco‐clinical data on 5‐FU administered by the widely used 5‐day continuous infusion schedule to 42 patients with metastatic colorectal cancer; 5‐FU was given by hepatic intra‐arterial route (h.i.a.) at doses ranging from 800 to 1,450 mg/m2, and by a systemic intravenous route (i.v.) at doses ranging from 650 to 1,300 mg/m2. 5‐FU blood levels were available for a total of 179 cycles. Toxicity was dose‐de pendent during h.i.a. cycles but not during i.v. cycles. For h.i.a. cycles, 1,000 mg/m2/day represented the threshold dose for tolerance. The individual total cycle drug concentration‐time product might predict toxicity for both i.v. and h.i.a. cycle when the threshold is set at 30,000 ng/ml hr. These data may be of practical value for improving the therapeutic index of 5‐day continuous treatment by 5‐FU given by i.v. or h.i.a. routes.
The copenhagen case‐control study of renal pelvis and ureter cancer: Role of smoking and occupational exposures
Authors: Jbnsen O. M. , Knudsen J. B. , McLaughlin J. K. , Sørensrn B. L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSmoking habits and occupational exposures were investigated for 96 patients with cancer of the renal pelvis and ureter (including papilloma) and 294 hospital controls. In comparison with persons who never smoked, significantly increased relative risks were seen for smokers of cigarettes alone (RR = 2.6; 95% Cl: 1.0‐6.7) and in combination with other types of tobacco (RR = 3.8; 95% Cl: 1.3‐11.5). Non‐signiftcantty increased relative risks were observed for pipe smokers (RR = 2.2; 95% Cl: 0.1‐97) and for mixed pipe, cigar, and cigarillo smokers (RR = 6.S; 95% Cl: 0.4‐21.2). A strong dose‐effect (p<0.001) relationship was seen between the lifetime total amount of tobacco smoked and the risk of pelvis‐ureter tumors, with the heaviest smokers having an 8‐fold risk. Comparison with the dose‐effect relationship for a parallel study of bladder cancer indicated that the relationship with tobacco was stronger for pelvis‐ureter tumors. Deep inhalation of cigarette smoke increased the risk (RR = 3.4; 95% Cl: 1.9‐6.1), while stopping smoking (RR = 0.6; 95% Cl: 0.1‐1.1) and use of filter cigarettes (RR = 0.5; 95% Cl: 0.3‐0.9) decreased the risk. Significantly increased risks emerged for employment in the chemical, petrochemical and plastics industries (RR = 4.0; 95% Cl: 1.6‐9.8), and for exposure to coal and coke (RR = 4.0; 95% Cl: 1.2‐13.6), asphalt and tar (RR = 5.5; 95% Cl: 1.6‐19.6). Cigarette smoking accounted for 56% of male and 40% of female pelvis and ureter tumors in eastern Denmark.
Inflammatory cell infiltrates in human melanoma at different stages of tumor progression
Authors: Bröcker E. B. , Zwadlo G. , Holzmann B. , Macher E. , Sorg C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractProgression of human melanoma is associated with changes in antigenic phenotypes of tumor cells. To establish whether inflammatory infiltrates in progressing melanoma also change, we studied 146 cutaneous melanomas at different stages of progression. Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against lymphocyte and macrophage subpopulations, interteukin‐2 receptor (IL‐2 R), immune interferon (IFN‐γ), and the IFN‐γ‐inducible, progression‐associated melanoma antigens HLA‐DR and gp89 were applied in situ. During the course of melanoma progression, decreased amounts of peri tu moral T cells, IL‐2 R‐ex‐pressing lymphocytes and dermal T6+ dendritic cells were found, while increased numbers of intraiumoral T cells, inflammatory (27E10+) and mature (25F9+) macrophages were associated with local progression of primary melanomas. In metastases, most infiltrate components except 25F9+ macrophages were rare. Positive correlations were observed between: (1) dermal T6+ cells and IL‐2 R+ lymphocytes, and (2) presence of IFN‐γ in the infiltrate and HLA‐DR and gp89 antigens on tumor cells. In all stages, HLA‐DR expression on tumor cells was correlated with: (1) a shift towards T8+ lymphocytes in the infiltrates and (2) a loss of IL‐2 R expression. Our data suggest mutual influences between melanoma cells and mononudear cell infiltrates in situ.