bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two‐Way Regulation of MgFe‐LDH on ESC Cell Fate via Temporal Selective Activation of Different Cell Membrane Receptors
Authors: Wang Zhaojie , Bai Yuxin , Xu Xu , Zhu Yanjing , He Xiaolie , Huang Ruiqi , Yu Liqun , Huang Runzhi , Cheng Liming , Zhu Rongrong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractStem cell fate regulation by biomaterials has considerable therapeutic potential; however, the mechanisms whereby biomaterials instruct stem cells for accurate fate regulation still need to be elucidated. Layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanoparticles are widely used for tissue regeneration because of their excellent physicochemical properties and biocompatibility. This study reveals that MgFe‐LDH has bidirectional regulatory effects on the differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells into neural progenitor cells, essentially suppressing cell differentiation on the 1st day and promoting cell differentiation on the 3rd day. Single‐cell transcriptome sequencing and simulated computation of structural analysis demonstrate that MgFe‐LDH interacts with the membrane receptors leukemia inhibitory factor receptor (LIFR, 15 nm above the cell membrane) and pached1 (PTCH1, 6 nm above the cell membrane) on the 1st and 3rd day of differentiation, respectively. LIFR has more contact with MgFe‐LDH than PTCH1 and relatively weaker electrostatic interaction energies (−11010.0 and −9829.3 kJ mol−1 for PTCH1 and LIFR, respectively). These factors determine receptor binding and activation priority, followed by cell fate regulation. The results indicate that MgFe‐LDH regulate the activity and fate of stem cells dually, thus creating possibilities for personalized therapy in neurodevelopment and regenerative medicine through an in‐depth study of cell membrane receptors.
Dual‐Functional X‐Ray Photochromic Phosphor: High‐Performance Detection and 3D Imaging
Authors: Bai Xue , Xu Zan , Zi Yingzhu , Zhao Heping , Zhu Bokun , Feng Rongbao , Cun Yangke , Huang Anjun , Liu Yue , Li Yuewei , Qiu Jianbei , Song Zhiguo , Langford Steven J. , Liao Jiayan , Yang Zhengwen 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study explores the integration of X‐ray‐induced photochromism and photoluminescence in a single material, offering innovative multi‐mode applications in optical memory, anti‐counterfeiting, and X‐ray detection and imaging. The photochromic phosphor LiAlSi2O6:Sm3+ is synthesized, which undergoes a color change from white to dark green under bright field conditions and displays orange photoluminescence in dark field conditions after X‐ray exposure due to defect formation. The phosphor shows accelerated bleaching and recovery under 473 nm laser stimulation. The distinct X‐ray‐induced color contrast and luminescence intensity modification in LiAlSi2O6:Sm3+ highlight its potential in advanced luminescent material design. Moreover, a LiAlSi2O6:Sm3+‐based flexible film demonstrates “dual‐mode” 3D X‐ray imaging and detection capabilities, paving the way for future X‐ray detecting and imaging device research.
Recent Experimental Breakthroughs on 2D Transistors: Approaching the Theoretical Limit
Authors: Li Hong , Li Qiuhui , Li Ying , Yang Zongmeng , Quhe Ruge , Sun Xiaotian , Wang Yangyang , Xu Lin , Peng Lian‐mao , Tian He , Qiu Chenguang , Lu Jing 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSince Si‐based Moore's law is physically limited, 2D semiconductors are proposed as successors to continue shrinking the transistor size for more Moore electronics. However, limited by experimental technology bottlenecks, the theoretical predicted superiorities of the 2D transistors over the state‐of‐the‐art Si transistors have been lacking concrete evidence for a decade. In this review, recent exciting experimental breakthroughs for 2D transistors are presented, including gate length miniaturization to a sub‐1 nm limit, electrode contact optimization to the resistance quantum limit, high‐quality dielectric fabrication with an equivalent oxide thickness to sub‐0.5 nm, novel architecture form (2D fin field‐effect transistor), and back‐end‐of‐line integration of directly grown 2D materials on Si complementary metal‐oxide‐semiconductor circuits. Remarkably, an ultrashort channel, Ohmic contact, ballistic transport, and ultrathin dielectric layer are simultaneously satisfied in the 2D InSe transistor, and device performances approaching the theoretical limit are observed. The measured key figures of merit of the ideal 2D InSe transistor are comparable to or even surpass those of the Si transistors. Finally, the challenges and outlook on more Moore electronics based on 2D transistors are highlighted.
Optimizing the Dehydrogenation Kinetics of Metal Nitrides for Energy‐Efficient Seawater Hydrogen Production at 2 A cm−2
Authors: Hu Huashuai , Xu Zhihang , Zhang Zhaorui , Yan Xiaohui , Wang Xiaoli , Zhu Ye , Wang Jiacheng , Yang Minghui 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSeawater hydrogen production, vital for sustainable energy solutions and freshwater preservation, faces challenges due to seawater complexity and high energy consumption. A strategy to modulate dehydrogenation kinetics of dual‐phase metal nitrides using low‐loaded Pt quantum dots (QDs), achieving stable and energy‐efficient hydrogen generation is introduced. The Pt QDs@Ni3N‐MoN/Ti catalyst displays outstanding bifunctional seawater catalytic performance, enabling efficient hydrogen production and hydrazine degradation in a flow anion exchange membrane water electrolysis (AEMWE) device. Operating at a low voltage of 1.41 V, it achieves 2 A cm−2 for 300 h, circumventing chlorine corrosion and yielding record‐breaking energy equivalent input (2.68 kWh m−3 H2 at 1 A cm−2), a 47.1% reduction compared to traditional methods. Integration with solar and biomass energy facilitates self‐powered hybrid seawater hydrogen production, highlighting its potential applications. This work facilitates energy‐efficient marine resource conversion to green hydrogen and offers viable insights into industrial hazardous pollutant degradation using metal‐nitride electrocatalysts.
Machine Learning to Promote Efficient Screening of Low‐Contact Electrode for 2D Semiconductor Transistor Under Limited Data
Authors: Li Penghui , Dong Linpeng , Li Chong , Li Yan , Zhao Jie , Peng Bo , Wang Wei , Zhou Shun , Liu Weiguo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractLow‐barrier and high‐injection electrodes are crucial for high‐performance (HP) 2D semiconductor devices. Conventional trial‐and‐error methodologies for electrode material screening are impractical because of their low efficiency and arbitrary specificity. Although machine learning has emerged as a promising alternative to tackle this problem, its practical application in semiconductor devices is hindered by its substantial data requirements. In this paper, a comprehensive scheme combining an autoencoding regularized adversarial neural network and a feature‐adaptive variational active learning algorithm for screening low‐contact electrode materials for 2D semiconductor transistors with limited data is proposed. The proposed scheme exhibits exceptional performance by training with only 15% of the total data points, where the mean square errors are 0.17 and 0.27 eV for the vertical and lateral Schottky barrier, respectively, and 2.88% for tunneling probability. Further, it exhibits an optimal predictive performance for 100 randomly sampled training datasets, reveals the underlying physical insight based on the identified features, and realizes continual improvement by employing detailed density‐of‐states descriptors. Finally, the empirical evaluations of the transport characteristics are conducted and verified by constructing MOSFET devices. These findings demonstrate the considerable potential of machine‐learning techniques for screening high‐efficiency electrode materials and constructing HP 2D semiconductor devices.
Silver Copper Chalcogenide Thermoelectrics: Advance, Controversy, and Perspective
Authors: Li Nan‐Hai , Zhang Qiang , Shi Xiao‐Lei , Jiang Jun , Chen Zhi‐Gang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThermoelectric technology, which enables a direct and pollution‐free conversion of heat into electricity, provides a promising path to address the current global energy crisis. Among the broad range of thermoelectric materials, silver copper chalcogenides (AgCuQ, Q = S, Se, Te) have garnered significant attention in thermoelectric community in light of inherently ultralow lattice thermal conductivity, controllable electronic transport properties, excellent thermoelectric performance across various temperature ranges, and a degree of ductility. This review epitomizes the recent progress in AgCuQ‐based thermoelectric materials, from the optimization of thermoelectric performance to the rational design of devices, encompassing the fundamental understanding of crystal structures, electronic band structures, mechanical properties, and quasi‐liquid behaviors. The correlation between chemical composition, mechanical properties, and thermoelectric performance in this material system is also highlighted. Finally, several key issues and prospects are proposed for further optimizing AgCuQ‐based thermoelectric materials.
Hybrid‐Electrolytes System Established by Dual Super‐lyophobic Membrane Enabling High‐Voltage Aqueous Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Wang Qifei , Wang Changhao , Qiao Yu , Zhou Haoshen , Yu Jihong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAqueous electrolytes and related aqueous rechargeable batteries own unique advantage on safety and environmental friendliness, but coupling high energy density Li‐metal batteries with aqueous electrolyte still represent challenging and not yet reported. Here, this work makes a breakthrough in “high‐voltage aqueous Li‐metal batteries” (HVALMBs) by adopting a brilliant hybrid‐electrolytes strategy. Concentrated ternary‐salts ether‐based electrolyte (CTE) acts as the anolyte to ensure the stability and reversibility of Li‐metal plating/stripping. Eco‐friendly water‐in‐salt (WiS) electrolyte acts as catholyte to support the healthy operation of high‐voltage cathodes. Most importantly, the aqueous catholyte and non‐aqueous anolyte are isolated in each independent chamber without any crosstalk. Aqueous catholyte permeation toward Li anode can be completely prohibited without proton‐induced corrosion, which is enabled by the introduction of under‐liquid dual super‐lyophobic membrane‐based separator, which can realize the segregation of the most effective immiscible electrolytes with a surface tension difference as small as 6 mJ m−2. As a result, the aqueous electrolyte can be successfully coupled with Li‐metal anode and achieve the fabrication of HVALMBs (hybrid‐electrolytes system), which presents long‐term cycle stability with a capacity retention of 81.0% after 300 cycles (LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 || Li (limited) cell) and high energy density (682 Wh kg−1).
Enantioselective Si−H Insertion of Arylvinyldiazoesters Promoted by Rhodium(I)/Diene Complexes
Authors: Li Ziyan , Liu Jian‐Guo , Zhang Wen‐Ping , Xu Ming‐Hua 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAn enantioselective Si−H insertion between α‐arylvinyldiazoesters and silanes has been developed by employing rhodium(I)/chiral diene complex as the catalyst. This protocol offers a catalytic asymmetric approach to various chiral silanes containing α‐arylvinyl functionality at room temperature with good enantiocontrol (89–99% ee). Transformation of the resulting enantiomerically enriched α‐arylvinyl‐α‐silyl esters led to a variety of other valuable building blocks. The deuterium kinetic isotope effect experiments revealed a rhodium(I)‐mediated concerted Si−H insertion mechanism.
Stabilization of Pd0 by Cu Alloying: Theory‐Guided Design of Pd3Cu Electrocatalyst for Anodic Methanol Carbonylation
Authors: Shi Yunru , Hu Yi‐Fan , Ye Jinyu , Zhong Gang , Xia Chungu , Liu Zhi‐Pan , Huang Yang , He Lin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractElectrocatalytic carbonylation of CO and CH3OH to dimethyl carbonate (DMC) on metallic palladium (Pd) electrode offers a promising strategy for C1 valorization at the anode. However, its broader application is limited by the high working potential and the low DMC selectivity accompanied with severe methanol self‐oxidation. Herein, our theoretical analysis of the intermediate adsorption interactions on both Pd0 and Pd4+ surfaces revealed that inevitable reconstruction of Pd surface under strongly oxidative potential diminishes its CO adsorption capacity, thus damaging the DMC formation. Further theoretical modeling indicates that doping Pd with Cu not only stabilizes low‐valence Pd in oxidative environments but also lowers the overall energy barrier for DMC formation. Guided by this insight, we developed a facile two‐step thermal shock method to prepare PdCu alloy electrocatalysts for DMC. Remarkably, the predicted Pd3Cu demonstrated the highest DMC selectivity among existing Pd‐based electrocatalysts, reaching a peaked DMC selectivity of 93 % at 1.0 V versus Ag/AgCl electrode. (Quasi) in situ spectra investigations further confirmed the predicted dual role of Cu dopant in promoting Pd‐catalyzed DMC formation.
On the Mechanisms of Hypohalous Acid Formation and Electrophilic Halogenation by Non‐Native Halogenases
Authors: Prakinee Kridsadakorn , Lawan Narin , Phintha Aisaraphon , Visitsatthawong Surawit , Chitnumsub Penchit , Jitkaroon Watcharapa , Chaiyen Pimchai 
Published: April 2024

AbstractEnzymatic electrophilic halogenation is a mild tool for functionalization of diverse organic compounds. Only a few groups of native halogenases are capable of catalyzing such a reaction. In this study, we used a mechanism‐guided strategy to discover the electrophilic halogenation activity catalyzed by non‐native halogenases. As the ability to form a hypohalous acid (HOX) is key for halogenation, flavin‐dependent monooxygenases/oxidases capable of forming C4a‐hydroperoxyflavin (FlC4a‐OOH), such as dehalogenase, hydroxylases, luciferase and pyranose‐2‐oxidase (P2O), and flavin reductase capable of forming H2O2 were explored for their abilities to generate HOX in situ. Transient kinetic analyses using stopped‐flow spectrophotometry/fluorometry and product analysis indicate that FlC4a‐OOH in dehalogenases, selected hydroxylases and luciferases, but not in P2O can form HOX; however, the HOX generated from FlC4a‐OOH cannot halogenate their substrates. Remarkably, in situ H2O2 generated by P2O can form HOI and also iodinate various compounds. Because not all enzymes capable of forming FlC4a‐OOH can react with halides to form HOX, QM/MM calculations, site‐directed mutagenesis and structural analysis were carried out to elucidate the mechanism underlying HOX formation and characterize the active site environment. Our findings shed light on identifying new halogenase scaffolds besides the currently known enzymes and have invoked a new mode of chemoenzymatic halogenation.
Confined‐Coordination Induced Intergrowth of Metal–Organic Frameworks into Precise Molecular Sieving Membranes
Authors: Liu Guozhen , Mo Binyu , Guo Yanan , Chu Zhenyu , Ren Xiao‐Ming , Guan Kecheng , Miao Renjie , Wang Zhenggang , Zhang Yaxin , Ji Wenqi , Liu Gongping , Matsuyama Hideto , Jin Wanqin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMetal–organic framework (MOF) membranes with rich functionality and tunable pore system are promising for precise molecular separation; however, it remains a challenge to develop defect‐free high‐connectivity MOF membrane with high water stability owing to uncontrollable nucleation and growth rate during fabrication process. Herein, we report on a confined‐coordination induced intergrowth strategy to fabricate lattice‐defect‐free Zr‐MOF membrane towards precise molecular separation. The confined‐coordination space properties (size and shape) and environment (water or DMF) were regulated to slow down the coordination reaction rate via controlling the counter‐diffusion of MOF precursors (metal cluster and ligand), thereby inter‐growing MOF crystals into integrated membrane. The resulting Zr‐MOF membrane with angstrom‐sized lattice apertures exhibits excellent separation performance both for gas separation and water desalination process. It was achieved H2 permeance of ~1200 GPU and H2/CO2 selectivity of ~67; water permeance of ~8 L ⋅ m−2 ⋅ h−1 ⋅ bar−1 and MgCl2 rejection of ~95 %, which are one to two orders of magnitude higher than those of state‐of‐the‐art membranes. The molecular transport mechanism related to size‐sieving effect and transition energy barrier differential of molecules and ions was revealed by density functional theory calculations. Our work provides a facile approach and fundamental insights towards developing precise molecular sieving membranes.
Roles of hygrothermal aging temperature and time in degradation of the fracture toughness of highly cross‐linked epoxy
Authors: Mishra Kushal , Singh Aparna 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe evolution of plane‐strain fracture toughness in highly cross‐linked epoxies was assessed for different hygrothermal aging temperatures (25, 50, and 75°C) and durations (0–75 days). The absorption of water increased with hygrothermal aging, but at a diminishing rate and without saturating. A fraction of the absorbed water persisted despite prolonged drying. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed that the epoxy‐decomposition temperature decreased with hygrothermal aging. 13C solid‐state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy indicated an increase in the de‐shielding of carbon atoms in the vicinity of electronegative elements like oxygen with hygrothermal aging severity, indicating the development of intermolecular hydrogen bonding. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy tracked the chemical bonding state of carbon by using a narrow scan on the C1s binding energy region. Upon hygrothermal aging, there was a decrease in CC/CC groups, indicating main chain scission through hydrolysis. A simultaneous increase in the CO species indicates the formation of alcohols as hydrolysis reaction products. In this manner, retained water was involved in hydrogen bonding and chemical reactions with the epoxy. With increasing severity of hygrothermal aging, the fracture toughness decreased. This was consistent with fracture surface micrographs that showed a greater distance amongst crack stretch marks in specimens with less toughness.
Xanthan gum‐toughened hydrogel for durable strain and pressure sensors
Authors: Wang Yajun , Gao Yiyan , Gao Guanghui 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIonic conductive hydrogels have caught much attention for serving as wearable sensors, however, most hydrogel sensors are difficult to be used for repeated sensing due to low toughness and poor self‐recovery. Here, tough and self‐recovery hydrogels are constructed by introducing xanthan gum into poly(acrylamide‐co‐trimethyl ammonium chloride) (P(Am‐DMC)) hydrogel network. Xanthan gum can bind with P(Am‐DMC) chains via hydrogen bonds and the carboxyl group from xanthan gum generates electrostatic interaction with DMC, thus improving the mechanical toughness and fatigue resistance. Furthermore, the hydrogel is highly sensitive to mechanical deformation and presents durability for repeated stretching or compression, which can be designed as a wearable sensor for human motion detection. It is anticipated that the successful design of xanthan gum‐toughened hydrogel can broaden the application range of hydrogels.
Craniofacial anomalies in schizophrenia‐relevant GFAP.HMOX10‐12m mice
Authors: Tavitian Ayda , Somech Joseph , Chamlian Badrouyk , Liberman Adrienne , Galindez Carmela , Schipper Hyman M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSubtle craniofacial dysmorphology has been reported in schizophrenia patients. This dysmorphology includes midline facial elongation, frontonasal anomalies and a sexually dimorphic deviation from normal directional asymmetry of the face, with male patients showing reduced and female patients showing enhanced facial asymmetry relative to healthy control subjects. GFAP.HMOX10‐12m transgenic mice (Mus musculus) that overexpress heme oxygenase‐1 in astrocytes recapitulate many schizophrenia‐relevant neurochemical, neuropathological and behavioral features. As morphogenesis of the brain, skull and face are highly interrelated, we hypothesized that GFAP.HMOX10‐12m mice may exhibit craniofacial anomalies similar to those reported in persons with schizophrenia. We examined craniofacial anatomy in male GFAP.HMOX10‐12m mice and wild‐type control mice at the early adulthood age of 6–8 months. We used computer vision techniques for the extraction and analysis of mouse head shape parameters from systematically acquired 2D digital images, and confirmed our results with landmark‐based geometric morphometrics. We performed skull bone morphometry using digital calipers to take linear distance measurements between known landmarks. Relative to controls, adult male GFAP.HMOX10‐12m mice manifested craniofacial dysmorphology including elongation of the nasal bones, alteration of head shape anisotropy and reduction of directional asymmetry in facial shape features. These findings demonstrate that GFAP.HMOX10‐12m mice exhibit craniofacial anomalies resembling those described in schizophrenia patients, implicating heme oxygenase‐1 in their development. As a preclinical mouse model, GFAP.HMOX10‐12m mice provide a novel opportunity for the study of the etiopathogenesis of craniofacial and other anomalies in schizophrenia and related disorders.
Molecular characterization and functional analysis of the ecdysone receptor isoform (EcR) from the oriental fruit moth Grapholita molesta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)
Authors: Cao Zhishan , Bakumenko Olha , Vlasenko Volodymyr , Li Weihai , Cao Jinjun 
Published: April 2024

Abstract20‐Hydroxyecdysone (20E) plays a vital role in a series of biological processes, via the nuclear receptors, EcR/USP by activating the ecdysone regulatory cascade. To clarify the role of EcR during the development of Grapholita molesta, the complementary DNA of ecdysone receptor isoform B1 (GmEcR‐B1) was obtained from the transcriptome of G. molesta and verified by PCR. Alignment analysis revealed that the deduced protein sequence of GmEcR‐B1 was highly homologous to EcR proteins identified in other lepidopteran species, especially the EcR‐B1 isoform in Spodoptera litura. Quantitative real‐time PCR showed that GmEcRs was expressed at all test developmental stages, and the expression level of GmEcRs was relatively higher during the period of the 3rd day of fifth instar larvae to 2nd of pupa than those in other stages. Moreover, the messenger RNA of GmEcRs was much more strongly expressed in the Malpighian tubule and epidermis than those in other tissues, which suggests that this gene may function in a tissue‐specific manner during larval development. Silencing of GmEcRs could significantly downregulate the transcriptional level of ecdysone‐inducible genes and result in increased mortality during metamorphosis and prolonged prepupal duration. Taken together, the present results indicate that GmEcRs may directly or indirectly affect the development of G. molesta.
Forscher:innen in wissenschaftlichen und öffentlichen Erinnerungskulturen. Konjunkturen und Transformationsprozesse
Authors: Halling Thorsten , Oommen‐Halbach Anne 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDrawing on central research questions of memory studies, this article outlines various topics and divergent concepts about the relationship between the history of science and the public perception of scientists and scholars. The focus is on the different recurring trends and transformation processes, to which this culture of remembrance is subject and the various roles of historians in this context. The article also serves as an introduction to this special issue and its contributions, which use exemplary studies from the history of medicine and pedagogy to shed light on the continual negotiation process of cultures of remembrance resulting from changing historical frames of reference, particularly in dealing with the legacy of National Socialism.