bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aplastic agranulocytosis after allopurinol therapy
Authors: Greenberg Mortimer S. , Zambrano Sergio Sanchez 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA 62‐year‐old woman with cirrhosis of the liver developed fatal agranulocytosis while taking allopurinol. No precursors of granulocytes or red blood cells were found in bone marrow aspirated at the height of the reaction. The mechanism of agranulocytosis thus appeared to be suppression of granulocyte production rather than an increased rate of destruction of granulocytes. Possibly, allopurinol may have inhibited purine and pyrimidine biosynthesis in this patient.
Osteonecrosis of metacarpal heads in systemic lupus erythematosus. Value of radiostrontium scintimetry in differential diagnosis
Authors: Lightfoot Robert W. , Lotke Paul A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA patient is presented who had multiple areas of osteonecrosis occurring during corticosteroid therapy for systemic lupus erythematosus. Involvement of the metacarpal heads, not reported previously, was present. Radiostrontium scanning, which has proved useful in the early diagnosis of osteonecrosis, was used to document this complication and allowed detection of additional involved areas which appeared normal on routine roentgenograms.
Reankylosis of the hip joint in ankylosing spondylitis after total hip replacement
Authors: Wilde Alan H. , Collins H. Royer , Mackenzie Allen H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA case of osseous reankylosis occurred after total replacement of one hip in a patient having ankylosing spondylitis. Not only did the ankylotic disease involve the vertebral column, but the severity of this process had been manifest through osseous ankylosis of bilateral cup arthroplasties. We believe this to be the first report of reankylosis involving total hip replacement.
Possible adverse effect of phenoxybenzamine therapy in a patient with progressive systemic sclerosis
Authors: Parker Lewis P. , Hahn Bevra H. , Osterland C. Kirk 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA 52‐year‐old male was observed with the recent development of progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS). The most prominent symptoms of the PSS were circulatory, with pain in the digits, severe Raynaud's phenomenon and associated atrophic changes and ulcerations of the fingertips. Therapy with phenoxybenzamine was instituted in an attempt to improve digital blood flow. Rapid development of dry gangrene of several digits was observed over the following month. A possible association between phenoxybenzamine therapy and decreased digital circulation is discussed.
Takayasu's arteritis: Frequency of systemic manifestations (study of 22 patients) and favorable response to maintenance steroid therapy with adrenocorticosteroids (12 patients)
Authors: Fraga Antonio , Mintz Gregorio , Valle Lorenzo , Flores‐Izquierdo Gilberto 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOf 22 patients with Takayasu's arteritis, systemic manifestations, such as headache, tiredness, parasthesia and dizziness, were as prevalent as those due to localized arterial insufficiency. General symptoms disappeared rapidly in 20 patients treated with prednisone, and in 7 instances, peripheral pulses reappeared after an average of 24.5 months. On an average maintenance dose of 7.5 mg/day of prednisone, there were no deaths nor evidence of vascular deterioration in these patients. The encouraging result is in sharp contrast to previous reports in the literature. It appears that maintenance steroid therapy lengthens the life‐span of these patients by causing remission of both systemic manifestations and those due to arterial insufficiency. The sedimentation rate is an excellent index both to disease activity and to a favorable response to adrenocorticosteroid therapy.
The arthritis of leukemia
Authors: Spilberg Isaias , Meyer Gerd J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractArthritis related to the primary disease was detected in 10 of 74 (13.5%) patients seen primarily for leukemia [2 of 12 patients with acute (16.6%) and 8 of 62 (12.4%) with chronic leukemia]. To these were added 18 additional patients previously diagnosed of having arthritis of leukemia. Clinical analyses of 28 patients with arthritis of leukemia showed that the arthritis of acute leukemia was commonly asymmetric, additive, polyarticular and often part of the initial manifestation of the disease. The arthritis of chronic leukemia was similar to the acute but was often symmetric and usually appeared as a late manifestation. X‐ray films of affected joints were abnormal in 7 patients. Mild hyperuricemia was found in 15.8%, rheumatoid factor in none and antinuclear antibodies in 11% of patients with arthritis of leukemia. Leukemic infiltration of the synovial membrane was found in all 3 of the patients who underwent synovial biopsy and is believed to be the cause of the arthritis.
Epstein‐barr virus antibody levels in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Phillips Paul E , Hirshaut Yashar 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMean Epstein‐Barr virus antibody was not significantly elevated in sera from 50 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus compared to 50 age‐ and sex‐matched blood donor controls. As shown previously for measles and parainfluenza type 1 antibodies, there was a significant direct correlation between Epstein‐Barr virus antibody and IgG levels. The variable elevations of virus antibodies found so far in systemic lupus erythematosus probably result from hyperactivity of the humoral immune system.
Degradation of proteoglycans in human osteoarthritic cartilage
Authors: Altman Roy D , Pita Julio C , Howell David S 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNew ultramicro modifications of a hypertonic salt extraction and purification schemes for proteoglycans were applied to the study of proteoglycans in discolored marginal lesions cartilage of patients with osteoarthritis, and the results were compared to a control group of normal appearing cartilage samples from the same patients or from patients with relatively noninflammatory diseases involving the lower extremities. Histologic studies of portions of the same sample used for chemical analysis revealed only minor morphologic changes without leukocytic infiltration. Considerable aberrations from control bovine nasal cartilages were exhibited by normal human articular cartilage samples in respect to the proteoglycan fractionation. Additional abberations of behavior in respect to proteoglycan fractionation were observed in samples of osteoarthritic cartilage and samples from patients with vascular necrosis. Accelerated degradation of proteoglycans with probable alteration of synthetic pathways was postulated to explain these findings.
A millipore filter assay for antibodies to native dna in sera of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Ginsberg Barry , Keiser Harold 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSerum levels of antibody to native DNA (nDNA) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) correlate with disease activity. We describe a sensitive, simple and rapid assay for these antibodies based on the observation that 3H‐labeled nDNA passes through Millipore filters while 3H‐nDNA complexed with specific antibody is retained. The simplicity and rapidity of this assay should allow general utilization of serum anti‐nDNA antibody determinations for monitoring disease activity in patients with SLE.
Synovial Iron Deposition in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Bennett Robert M. , Williams E. D. , Lewis S. M. , Holt P. J. L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAn isotope ferrokinetic study has been used to study the rate of iron deposition in 13 rheumatoid knees. Iron accumulation occurred only after incorporation of labelled iron into circulating erythrocytes, suggesting that intermittent intraarticular hemorrhages were the source of the deposits. The mean iron accumulation was 1.25 mg/knee/day representing a mean intraarticular blood loss of 3.58 ml. There was no correlation between the degree of iron deposition and the hemoglobin, platelet count or serum iron.
Polyarthritis and Subcutaneous Nodules Associated with Carcinoma of the Pancreas
Authors: Virshup Arthur M. , Sliwinski Anthony J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA 52‐year‐old male developed subcutaneous nodules and polyarthritis in association with an acinar cell carcinoma of the pancreas. The arthritis did not respond to aspirin, phenylbutazone, indomethacin or corticosteroid therapy. Typical changes of pancreatic enzyme‐induced injuries in the subcutaneous nodules and around the joints were found at autopsy.
The Past Four Decades of Progress in the Knowledge of Gout, With an Assessment of the Present Status
Authors: Gutman Alexander B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAdvances in management of acute gouty arthritis, tophaceous gout and uric acid nephrolithiasis are briefly reviewed. With respect to pathogenesis, specific enzyme abnormalities have been demonstrated in rare monogenic cases but the presumptive polygenic and multifactorial pathogenesis in most cases of primary gout remains uncertain. The hypothesis favored here is that, possibly secondary to altered glutamate catabolism, glutamine apparently is overutilized for urate overproduction by the liver, underutilized for reduced renal ammonia formation. The kidneys, modulating urinary uric acid excretion, sustain the hyperuricemia.
High prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis in yakima indians
Authors: Palmer Beasley R. , Willkens Robert F. , Bennett Peter H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA survey among Yakima Indian women, ages 18 to 79, in central Washington State revealed a prevalence of definite rheumatoid arthritis of 3.4%. compared with 1.4% among American women in the National Health Examination Survey (NHES). The prevalence is higher than has been observed in any previously studied population. Men were not studied. The prevalence was high in all age groups, but was most excessive among women under age 35.
Mobilization and extracellular release of granular enzymes from human leukocytes during phagocytosis: inhibition by colchicine and cortisol but not by salicylate
Authors: Wright Daniel G. , Malawista Stephen E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractGranular (lysosomal) enzymes are released from phagocytizing human leukocytes and are believed to be important in the tissue damage of acute inflammation. Antiinflammatory drugs such as colchicine, cortisol, and salicylate have been reported to “stabilize” isolated lysosomes or to inhibit degranulation within cells. These drugs, by altering mobilization of granular enzymes within cells, might be expected to affect the release of these enzymes outside of cells. Human blood leukocytes, isolated by dextran sedimentation, were incubated in autologous serum‐buffer media, with or without colchicine (2.5 × 10−5M), cortisol (5 × 10−4M), Na salicylate (2.2 × 10−3M), or acetylsalicylic acid (10−3M), for 30 minutes, 37.5° C, and then with or without heat‐killed staphylococci. Both cellular and extracellular activities of granular enzymes (lysozyme, acid phosphatase, cathepsin) were measured. Both intracellular mobilization and extracellular release of granular enzymes by phagocytizing leukocytes are inhibited by colchicine and cortisol. Salicylate, contrary to suggestions based on studies with isolated lysosomes from liver, did not show these effects. These results may account in part for antiinflammatory effects of colchicine and cortisol, but not of salicylate.
Incidence of infection in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Staples Parker J. , Gerding Dale N. , Decker John L. , Gordon Robert S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwenty‐three patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), 20 with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and 11 with the nephrotic syndrome (NPS) were selected for study of factors affecting the incidence of infection in these diseases. The overall infection rate (infections per 100 hospital days) in patients with SLE was significantly higher than it was in patients with RA or NPS. Infection rate and the number of disseminated infections were found to increase in lupus patients with increasing doses of corticosteroids and decreasing renal function. Lupus patients with normal renal function on no or low‐dose corticosteroid therapy had an infection rate significantly higher than the infection rate of the control patient groups. This study suggests that the observed high infection rate in SLE cannot be attributed to steroid therapy and renal disease alone.
Nonphagocytic release of neutral protease and β‐glucuronidase from human neutrophils regulation by autonomic neurohormones and cyclic neucleotides
Authors: Ignarro Louis J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHuman neutrophils released lysosome granule‐associated neutral protease and β‐glucuronidase, but not cytoplasmic lactate dehydrogenase, during cell contact with immobilized heat‐aggregated human IgG treated with RA serum. Treatment of aggregated IgG with RA serum was more effective than treatment with normal serum with regard to stimulation of enzyme release. Epinephrine, isoproterenol, cyclic 3′,5′‐adenosine monophosphate (cyclic AMP), and analogs of cyclic AMP inhibited the nonphagocytic release of enzyme. The action of epinephrine was blocked by propranolol but not by phentolamine. Acetylcholine, acetyl β‐methylcholine, cyclic 3′,5′‐guanosine monophosphate (cyclic GMP) and analogs of cyclic GMP enhanced lysosomal, but not cytoplasmic, enzyme release. The action of acetylcholine was blocked by atropine but not by hexamethonium. Calcium was required for both the nonphagocytic release of lysosome granule enzymes and for the stimulation of this enzyme release process by cholinergic agents and cyclic GMP. Thus it appears that human neutrophils are capable of responding to autonomic agents and to cyclic nucleotides by quantitative changes in the nonphagocytic release of lysosomal enzymes.
The antiquity of rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Short Charles L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe antiquity of rheumatoid arthritis, first clearly set off as an entity by Landre‐Beauvais in 1800, is of more than historic interest. If the disease is actually of relatively recent origin, an environmental cause becomes likely. It is reasonably certain that it was identified by Sydenham in 1676. But studies in human palaeopathology, while revealing unmistakable examples of ankylosing spondylitis dating back to prehistoric times, have as yet failed to provide convincing evidence of the existence of rheumatoid arthritis prior to Sydenham's description.
In vitro rabbit articular cartilage organ model I. Morphology and glycosaminoglycan metabolism
Authors: Lane Joseph M. , Brighton Carl T. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA new in vitro adult articular cartilage organ model is described. Cartilage explants from adult rabbits have maintained a maximum glycosaminoglycan synthetic rate from day 7 to day 14 of incubation and normal morphology through day 10. The metabolic and histologic stability of this articular cartilage model suggests its suitability for investigating synthesis and degradation in normal, pharmacologically altered, and diseased cartilage.
In vitro rabbit articular cartilage organ model II. 35S incorporation in various oxygen tensions
Authors: Brighton Carl T. , Lane Joseph M. , Koh James K. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAdult rabbit articular cartilage slice and plug explants were cultured in MEM/NCTC 109/fetal calf serum at 37°C in various oxygen tensions. In both the slice and plug explants, 35SO4 incorporation exhibited a broad tolerance to oxygen tensions varying from 5 (38 mm. Hg) to 60 (456 mm Hg) per cent. Significantly (P 0.01) less 35SO4 was incorporated in 1 (7.6 mm Hg) and 90% (684 mm Hg) oxygen than in 21% (160 mm Hg) oxygen. No histologic or autoradiographic differences, and only slight histochemical differences, were discernible after seven days culture in the various oxygen tensions. It is suggested that low synovial fluid oxygen tension is detrimental to articular cartilage glycosaminoglycan metabolism.
Stretch gloves. A study of objective and subjective effectiveness in arthritis of the hands
Authors: Askari Ali , Moskowitz Roland W. , Ryan Charlotte 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe effect of stretch gloves in treatment of arthritis affecting the hands was evaluated in 9 hospitalized and 14 ambulatory patients. Eighteen patients had rheumatoid arthritis, 2 had other forms of connective tissue disease, and 3 had degenerative joint disease. No statistically significant improvement in ring size, range of motion or grip strength was noted. Moderate or marked subjective improvement in morning stiffness and/or night pain was observed in 5 of 9 hospitalized patients, and in 7 of 14 ambulatory patients. It is suggested that stretch gloves provide a safe addition to the management of arthritis of the hands which will be effective to some degree in a majority of patients.
Hepatitis B antigen and antibody in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Shorey James , Cheatum Don E. , Combes Burton , Ziff Morris 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSera of 50 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were examined for the presence of hepatitis B antigen (HBAg) and antibody (HBAb) by radioimmunoassay (RIA). All single serum specimens from 48 patients examined by the basic double‐antibody method for HBAg gave negative results. The “heated” double‐antibody technique, which detects HBAg in the presence of HBAb or other heat‐labile interfering factors, was also negative. When 151 sera from the 50 patients with SLE were tested for HBAg using solid‐phase RIA, a positive reaction was observed in only one specimen. The specificity of the reaction for HBAg in this serum was confirmed. Three other serum specimens subsequently obtained from the patient were HBAg negative. The prevalence and titers of hepatitis B antibody detected by RIA among 48 of the patients with SLE were similar to those observed among healthy blood donors. No special relationship between hepatitis B virus and systemic lupus erythematosus was demonstrated.
Hodgkin's disease presenting as relapsing polychondritis a previously undescribed association
Authors: Miller Stephen B. , Donlan Charles J. , Roth Steven B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRelapsing polychondritis is a rare syndrome thought to be autoimmune in nature and characterized by inflammation and degeneration of cartilage. The association with a reticuloendothelial malignancy has not previously been reported. A 46‐year‐old man presented typical clinical manifestations of relapsing polychondritis requiring 30 mg of prednisone daily for suppression. However within 6 months he developed chronic fatigue, fevers, night sweats, adenopathy, and splenomegaly leading to the diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease.
A double‐blind controlled trial comparing cyclophosphamide, azathioprine and placebo in the treatment of lupus glomerulonephritis
Authors: Steinberg Alfred D. , Decker John L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThirty‐eight patients with lupus glomerulonephritis entered a 10‐week in‐hospital trial of immunosuppressive therapy. They were permitted prednisone ≤ 0.5 mg/kg/day for extrarenal manifestations and were randomly assigned to receive, in addition, cyclophosphamide or azathioprine or placebo. Renal function, urine sediment, proteinuria, anti‐DNA, C3, and symptoms were assessed before and after therapy. This represents the first double‐blind controlled comparison of two immunosuppressive drugs commonly used in nonmalignant diseases. Cyclophosphamide was significantly superior to both azathioprine and placebo for all six measures together and for the three renal measures alone. Cyclophosphamide was significantly better than placebo with regard to proteinuria, urinary RBC, and serum C3. Azathioprine was not significantly better than placebo in any individual measure. Although cyclophosphamide led to somewhat greater improvement than did azathioprine, additional long‐term data will be necessary to establish the role of either drug in the routine management of lupus glomerulonephritis.
Qualitative characteristics of anti‐DNA antibodies in lupus nephritis
Authors: Gershwin M. Eric , Steinberg Alfred D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSera from 38 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, known from previous determinations to contain antibodies to native DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), were studied using a modification of the Farr technique, with 14C‐DNA as ligand. The sera fell into three groups with regard to antibodies to DNA: a) precipitating, b) nonprecipitating, and c) a mixture of both. Eighteen of these sera were studied further and titrated to obtain measures of their antigen binding capacity and estimates of avidity for DNA. Patients with lupus nephritis had either precipitating antibodies to DNA, or a mixture of precipitating and nonprecipitating, whereas those patients without nephritis had only nonprecipitating, antibodies to DNA. Furthermore the avidity for DNA was greatest in sera from patients with nephritis. The antigen binding capacity of sera from patients with and without lupus nephritis was similar, suggesting that qualitative differences in anti‐DNA activity may be as important as quantitative ones.
Significance of eosinophilia during gold therapy
Authors: Davis P. , Hughes G. R. V. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAdverse clinical reactions (predominantly skin rashes) were seen in 14 of 50 patients receiving gold therapy for rheumatoid arthritis. In 11 of the 14 eosinophilia either accompanied or preceded the reaction. A further 9 patients who received gold developed eosinophilia alone. IgE levels were increased in 17 of the 20 patients with eosinophilia but were normal in 24 of 27 patients who received gold without apparent adverse effects. In only 1 patient on gold was a skin rash not accompanied by either eosinophilia or a raised IgE level. All eosinophil counts and IgE levels fell to normal after therapy was discontinued. It is suggested that eosinophilia may be the most common side effect of gold therapy and provides a useful guide for monitoring patients receiving gold salts. The strong association with raised IgE levels suggests that type 1 hypersensitivity may be the mechanism of these reactions.
Therapeutic studies in NZB/W MICE
Authors: Steinberg Alfred D. , Gelfand Michael C. , Hardin John A. , Lowenthal David T. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFemale NZB/W mice develop a disease closely resembling human systemic lupus and serve as an animal model for therapeutic studies. Several previous studies have demonstrated the efficacy of different immunosuppressive drug regimens in the therapy of glomerulonephritis in NZB/W mice. After the onset of immune complex deposition, treatment with intermittent high doses of cyclophosphamide or daily low doses of the combination of cyclophosphamide, azathioprine, and methylprednisolone has been effective. The present study was designed to compare such effective regimens in mice early in the course of their renal disease versus mice late in the course of glom‐erulonephritis. One to three injections of high‐dose cyclophosphamide during active immune complex deposion and early histologic changes were significantly effective in prolonging survival, whereas treatment late in the course of glomerulonephritis was less effective. Even more striking was the result of low‐dose combination therapy. Daily treatment with cyclophosphamide, azathioprine, and methylprednisolone (C + A + M) effectively prolonged survival when started in mice 5 months old, but was of no benefit when started in those 8 months of age. In a concluding experiment, older mice were selected on the basis of degree of renal disease and studied with regard to proteinuria and survival. Those with mild renal disease responded to daily treatment for 6 months with C + A + M at 1 mg/kg of each drug, whereas those with advanced renal disease at the onset of therapy did not benefit.