bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment of benign, semimalignant, and malignant skin tumors with the Nd:YAG laser
Authors: Brunner Reinhold , Landthaler Michael , Haina Diether , Waidelich Wilhelm , Braun‐Falco Otto 
Published: March 2007

AbstractReported are first experiences with Nd.YAG laser treatment of benign, semimalignant, and malignant skin tumors in 90 patients. Treated lesions included condylomata acuminata, basal cell carcinomas, solar keratosis, squamous cell carcinomas, and secondary malignant skin tumors. First clinical and histological results are promising, but long‐term follow‐up is required to judge the definite efficacy of this therapeutical modality.
Effect of laser radiation on tissue during laser angioplasty
Authors: Welch A. J. , Valvano J. W. , Pearce J. A. , Hayes L. J. , Motamedi M. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe thermal properties of adipose and ceramic atherosclerotic plaque deposits and normal arterial vessel wall were measured in the temperature range of 25−95°C. In general, the data indicate that fatty plaques exhibit the lowest thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of the three types, whereas calcified plaques seem to have the highest values. By using a video scanning thermograph, temperature rise was recorded in normal vessel wall and plaque during ablation of tissue. Theoretical analysis suggested that realistic modeling of laser angioplasty should account for scattering of light, water content, and ablation. This paper is a preliminary report of these results.
Microvascular anastomosis using the milliwatt CO2 laser
Authors: Quigley Matthew R. , Bailes Julian E. , Kwaan Hau C. , Cerullo Leonard J. , Brown J. Thomas , Lastre Clara , Monma Dean 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe milliwatt CO2 laser was used to anastomose small vessels in a rat femoral artery model. The technique requires multiple brief applications of 60–70 mW after placement of three equidistant 10–0 nylon stay sutures. The vessel histology is described immediately and 1, 3, 7, and 21 days after the procedure. The laser effects tissue bonding through changes in the collagen of the adventitia and media. Subsequent healing consists of new collagen deposition in the adventitia and re‐endothelialization of the intima associated with neointimal proliferation at 3 weeks.
Corneal incisions produced with the fourth harmonic (266 nm) of the YAG laser
Authors: Berns Michael W. , Gaster Ronald N. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe fourth harmonic wavelength (266 nm) of a neodymium YAG laser was used to cut precise grooves on the surface of the human cornea. Well‐controlled cuts were made using the laser operating at 1.3 kHz. The width of the grooves was 2–3 μm. The depth could be controlled by varying the amount of laser exposure.
CO2 laser and suture in splenic parenchyma: An experimental study
Authors: Goldenberg Alberto , Goldenberg Saul , Neto João Guidugli , Chacon Jesus Pan 
Published: March 2007

AbstractHemisplenectomy was performed with the scalpel in 12 mongrel dogs. The blood vessels of the splenic pedicle were temporarily clamped. In a six‐dog group, hemostatis was obtained by CO2 laser and residual bleeding was controlled by sutures. In the other six dogs, group hemostasis was performed only by sutures. The surgical procedure was free of mortality. No hematological changes were observed in both groups. Histological studies revealed a better hemostatic effect and intensive necrosis of the splenic parenchyma in the lasered group compared with the sutured group.
Evaluation of the carbon dioxide laser for performance of gastrointestinal myotomies
Authors: LoCicero Joseph , Frederiksen James W. , Hartz Renee S. , Kaufman Michael W. , Michaelis Lawrence L. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractUsing a conventional carbon dioxide laser set at 8‐W continuous‐wave energy, a technique was developed in the animal laboratory to incise only the muscularis of the pylorus leaving the mucosa and submucosa intact. Similar esophageal myotomies were performed with less success, due to the rich submucosal venous plexus causing obscuring hemorrhage and to the reapproximation of the longitudinal esophageal muscle over a 3‐week period. The technique for esophageal myotomy requires further refinement, but pyloromyotomy appears applicable for controlled human trials.
“Hot tip”: Another method of laser vascular recanalization
Authors: Abela George S. , Fenech Albert , Crea Filippo , Richard Conti C. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThis study is a preliminary report evaluating the use of laser radiation to heat a metal‐capped fiber for arterial recanalization. The method was compared to the currently used bare‐ended fiber for recanalization of occluded vessels. The model used was a human coronary artery xenograft transplanted in the femoral artery of the dog. At 4 weeks following the transplantation, laser recanalization was attempted using the heated metal probe (“hot tip”) in five arteries and the bare fiber in another five arteries. Results: 1) Angiography demonstrated recanalization in all five arteries treated with the “hot tip” and three of the five arteries treated with the bare fiber. 2) Only one perforation occurred with the “hot tip,” whereas three perforations occurred with the bare fiber. 3) The larger metal cap was capable of creating a wider channel in the occluded arterial segment. Although the trend favored the heated metal cap in terms of recanalization and less perforation than the bare fiber, the total number of experiments were not adequate to demonstrate statistical significance. Microscopic examination of the vessels recanalized by either technique was similar. Characteristic charring at the recanalization site was seen regardless of the technique used. These observations suggest that the effect of direct laser radiation on plaques is predominantly a thermal effect. Although these results would suggest utilization of a metal‐capped fiber for vascular recanalization, more studies need to be done to confirm these preliminary findings.
Electroresection followed by neodymium–YAG laser photocoagulation of the dog prostate for establishment of safety parameters
Authors: Finkelstein Leonard H. , Frantz Bruce , Longendorfer Lillian Hynes , DeBias Domenic , Greene Charlotte , Monson Frederic 
Published: March 2007

AbstractElectroresection of the prostate followed by Nd‐YAG laser coagulation of residual prostate was carried out in eight dogs. All dogs voided spontaneously without significant bleeding in the immediate postoperative period. At the time of sacrifice in 6 to 8 weeks, no damage to adjacent tissue was seen on microscopic examination. Re‐epithelization had occurred. This study suggests that the addition of neodymium‐YAG coagulation to residual tissue after TURP in humans can be done safely.
Danazol versus carbon dioxide laser plus postoperative danazol: Treatment of infertility due to mild pelvic endometriosis
Authors: Chong Augusto P. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe mechanism of action by which mild pelvic endometriosis causes infertility is still unknown. Danazol has been proposed as the sole agent to treat this condition; however, the results for pregnancy rates do not give as much cause for enthusiasm at the present time as they did when this drug was introduced. To ascertain the role of laser via the laparoscopic approach, this retrospective study looks at the pregnancy success rate in two groups of patients. Group I was treated with danazol alone; group II was treated with danazol after laser surgery. Although the success rate is better in group II, the population sample in both groups is modest and does not allow one to draw meaningful statistical conclusions at the present time, but the use of carbon dioxide laser with the laparoscope plus postoperative danazol seems to be a better approach to this condition that affects the infertile female.
Argon and neodymium YAG laser therapy of dark nodular port wine stains in older patients
Authors: Dixon J.A. , Gilbertson Jeffrey J. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThirty‐seven patients of mean age 52 with large dark nodular port wine stains were treated with argon and neodymium YAG lasers. The level of patient satisfaction was high (mean 7.1 on scale of 10) despite residual color in 36 of 37 patients. It was possible to accomplish flattening of the lesion and removal of nodules in all patients. In four patients, it was necessary to use neodymium YAG laser for removal of residual large vascular nodules following previous argon therapy. Twenty‐nine patients required a mean number of 1.6 retreatments for residual tufts of vessels. An unusual finding was that of recurrent color deepening of lesion in three patients after initial improvement. This recurrence responded to treatment.Spontaneous bleeding or bleeding initiated by trauma such as shaving was a problem noted in 13 out of 37 patients.
Preliminary investigation of KTP/532 laser light in the treatment of hemangiomas and tattoos
Authors: Apfelberg David B. , Bailin Phillip , Rosenberg Howard 
Published: March 2007

AbstractPreliminary investigation of a frequency‐doubled YAG laser (KTP 532 nm) manufactured by Laserscope of Santa Clara was undertaken. Twenty‐five patients with either port wine hemangiomas or decorative tattoos were treated with a 532‐nm light and the results compared to argon laser at identical power settings. Clinical and histological results were identical between the two lasers.
The low‐output carbon dioxide laser for cutaneous wound closure of scalpel incisions: Comparative tensile strength studies of the laser to the suture and staple for wound closure
Authors: Garden Jerome M. , Robinson June K. , Marie Taute P. , Lautenschlager Eugene P. , Joseph Leibovich S. , Hartz Renee S. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe low‐output carbon dioxide (CO2) laser was used for cutaneous wound closure of scalpel incisions. Cutaneous scalpel incisions were placed over the dorsum of three minipigs and were then closed by either the laser, sutures, or staples. At multiple time points after wound closure, up to day 90, the tensile strengths of these wounds were comparatively evaluated. All wounds, including those closed with the laser, clinically appeared to heal similarly with no evidence of wound dehiscence or infection. Tensile strength studies revealed similar sigmoid curves for all wound closure modalities with low initial tensile strengths up to days 14 to 21, which afterwards increased rapidly, with a plateau toward day 90. From our study, it appears that the CO2 laser, in the low‐output mode, can be used for cutaneous wound closure and that similar clinical healing and tensile strength measurements are obtained relative to the conventional cutaneous wound closure modalities of the suture or staple.
Management of 633 cervical intraepithelial neoplasias by CO2 laser: Persistent diseases and recurrences
Authors: Sadoul George D. , Beuret Thérèse M. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractDuring the past 6 years, we have managed 633 cervical intraepithelial neoplasias with the Co2 laser. If the lesion is located on the ectocervix, the CO2 laser is used to vaporize it under the microscope. If the lesion is located in the endocervical canal, the CO2 laser is used to excise a cylinder‐shaped tissue with a handpiece.Colposcopic examination is performed 21 days after treatment. Persistent disease is recognized at this examination; healing is obtained spontaneously in 66% of those with persistent disease without second treatment.There were eight with recurrent disease with abnormal Pap tests and abnormal colposcopic findings, and 12 with recurrent disease with abnormal Pap tests and normal colposcopic findings (recurrent koilocytis cells).After laser treatment cervical function was good and pregnancies were normal.
Renal evaluation after cusa plus Nd: YAG laser for partial nephrectomy
Authors: Landau Stewart T. , Wood Thomas W. , Melzer Richard B. , Smith Joseph A. , Lee Randall G. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA technique for partial nephrectomy using a combination of an Ultrasonic Surgical Aspirator and a neodymium:YAG laser provided better hemostasis and decreased total operative time compared to standard methods. Delayed hemorrhage was not seen, and thermal damage to the remaining renal parenchyma was minimal.
Effects at the periphery of the laser lesion in human brain and its tumors after Co2, Nd: YAG, and CO2 high‐peak pulsed radiation
Authors: Fasano Victor Aldo , Ponzio Roberto Maria , Lanotte Michele Maria , Peirone Saverio Maria , Merighi Adalberto 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe histological changes in various tissues irradiated with lasers are well known. Our own previous observations with the optical microscope confirm those already reported in the laser literature. If tissue is treated with various laser sources, the results are similar, with the characteristic three layers from the outside toward the inside of carbonization, coagulative necrosis, and edema. Otherwise, only the shapes and sizes of the lesions differ, with craters of different depths.In this paper, we report an ultrastructural study of the changes occurring in the periphery of the laser lesions in both normal human brain and neoplastic tissues (gliomas and meningiomas). Continuous‐wave CO2 and Nd:YAG lasers were used at different exposure times and powers and the effects of high‐peak pulsed CO2 laser radiation has also been investigated.The study, performed during neurosurgical procedures was mostly focused on microcirculation at 1.5–3 mm outside the area of coagulative necrosis, at the level of the edema zone.Only lesions of the blood brain barrier are produced in normal brain by CO2 radiation (power ranging from 40 to 80 W; exposure time from 3 to 10 seconds). The same results were achieved by Nd:YAG radiation of short duration (3 seconds) regardless of the power used (40 and 80 W). Long‐duration Nd:YAG radiation (10 sec; power: 40–80 W) produces endoluminal phenomena leading to the complete occlusion of the capillaries.In neoplastic brain tissues, microcirculation does not seem to be impaired by CO2 radiation. More marked lesions are produced in tumors even after Nd:YAG short‐time radiation. Endoluminal obliteration is observed in meningiomas and perivascular hemorrhage occurs in highly vascularized gliomas.According to these results, the risk of delayed post‐operative hemorrhages, noticed in some patients with glioblastoma operated on by Nd:YAG lasers, suggests dial residual tumor in the cavity should be treated by CO2 laser because of its minimal damage of microcirculation.
Hematoporphyrin derivative fluorescence: Photographic techniques for the localization of malignant tissue
Authors: Lanzafame Raymond J. , Rogers David W. , Nairn John O. , Pennino Ralph P. , Raymond Hinshaw J. , Blackman Jeffrey R. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThree simple methods for the detection of malignancy by the photography of hematoporphyrin derivative (HPD) fluorescence are presented. Two methods employ a single lens reflex camera with macrolens and Kodak high‐speed Ektachrome (EL 400) film. Both employ a Corning Glass #3482 filter as a barrier on the lens. In method I, a single Kodak Wratten #39 filter is placed over a fluorescent “black light” source (two General Electric F20T12BL 20‐W bulbs). In method II, twin electronic flash units (5,500 BCPS unfiltered) with a double thickness of Kodak Wratten #39 filter over them provide the light of excitation. Method III employs an adapted Polaroid® SLR 680E Sun camera with two electronic flash units (5,500 BCPS, total unfiltered) rigged with a slave trigger. A Corning Glass #3482 filter is placed on the lens to act as a barrier, and two filters of Kodak Wratten #39 glass are placed on each flash unit. Photographs are taken in a darkened room.
Effect of CO2 laser irradiation on experimental fracture healing: A transmission electron microscopic study
Authors: Tang X. M. , Chai B. P. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe healing of standardized fracture of rabbit radius was expedited as a result of treatment with low‐power CO2 laser irradiation. Observation with transmission electron microscope revealed the following favorable effects of CO2 laser irradiation: (1) The red blood cells were induced to disintegrate, thus promoting the absorption of the hematoma. (2) The macrophages emerged early and increased in number so that debridement of the necrotic tissues was enhanced. (3) The fibroblasts were more active in producing the fibrous callus. (4) The chondrocytes were unusually active in forming bone tissues. (5) The early and sustained appearance of osteoclasts favored the bone remodeling process. (6) Increased capillary formation endowed the fracture healing with rich blood supply. (7) Deposition of calcium salts took place early.
Bactericidal effects of the neodymium: YAG laser: In vitro study
Authors: Schultz Robert J. , Harvey Gregory P. , Krishnamurthy Shanker , Rodriguez Jose E. , Fernandez‐Beros Maria E. , Cabello Felipe 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe effects of laser energy on three bacterial strains, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were studied utilizing the neodymium: YAG laser. Cell suspensions of each strain were divided into four groups. In group I, suspensions from each strain were exposed to laser energy densities of 555–3,333 J/cm2. In groups II and III, two artificial dyes, congo red or methylene blue, were added to the suspensions prior to lasing. In group IVa, no laser energy was used, and group IVb was used to measure the bactericidal thermal effects of the laser. It was concluded that: 1) Low dosages of laser energy exceeding 1,667 J/cm2 resulted in a 2 to 8 log decline in the number of viable bacterial colonies in vitro. 2) Compared to the other two bacterial strains, P aeruginosa was the most senstive to YAG laser irradiation. 3) Addition of methylene blue, a dark‐colored dye, enhanced the bactericidal effects of the YAG laser as indicated by the significantly reduced viability of P aeruginosa after irradiation with 2,222 J/cm2.
The use of laser in rectal surgery
Authors: Pfeffermann Reuven , Merhav Hadar , Rofhstein Harry , Simon Dan 
Published: March 2007

AbstractTen patients with rectal tumors were treated by surgical excision of the tumor using a CO2 laser Sharplan 733 CO2 laser, Laser Industries Ltd., Israel. The laser permitted sharp excision, evaporization, or fulguration of tissue. Good hemostasis was achieved. Anesthesia was unnecessary in cooperative, calm patients. There was no mortality or morbidity related to the procedure.In five patients with villous adenoma the tumor was resected with one recurrence as yet (followup 4–16 months). Five patients with inoperable carcinoma were treated for palliation with good results. Our preliminary results indicate that the CO2 laser can be a useful asset in rectal tumor surgery, especially in elderly, moribund patients and in the definite treatment of benign tumors of the rectum.
Nd: YAG laser irradiation of an eye model: Experimental analysis
Authors: Docchio F. , Sacchi Carlo A. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThis work reviews a series of experiments performed on an eye model to study physical effect relevant for a safe and effective use of the Q‐switched Nd.YAG laser in ophthalmic microsurgery. The breakdown probability per laser pulse has been found to depend exponentially on the reciprocal laser field. This indicates that, as in trasparent solids, electron avalanche ionization is likely the main mechanism for optical breakdown in liquids. Shielding of the retina, by the laser‐induced plasma, is not very effective, but an appreciable degree of shielding is present, in burst operation, even after membrane disruption. A backscattered beam, which presents the typical properties of stimulated Brillouin scattering, has been observed in the eye model, with a threshold of ∼ 5·109 W/cm2. This beam, which presents an irregular spatial structure with peaks of irradiance well above the average value, may produce damage of the internal wall of the cornea.
Laser modulation of human immune system: Inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation by a gallium‐arsenide laser at low energy
Authors: Ohta Akihide , Abergel R. Patrick , Uitto Jouni 
Published: March 2007

AbstractCultured human lymphocytes were subjected to irradiation with a gallium‐arsenide laser at energy fluence varying from 2.17 to 651 mJ/cm2, and the cell proliferation was assessed by [3H]thymidine incorporation. Both mitogenic proliferation in response to phytohemagglutinin and spontaneous cell proliferation were markedly inhibited by the laser irradiation at energy fluence as low as 10.85 mJ/cm2. Similarly, the functional response of cells to antigen stimulation in a one‐way mixed‐lymphocyte reaction was also diminished as a result of laser irradiation. The results indicate that laser irradiation at low energy can interfere with immune system in vitro, and similar modulation could potentially occur in human subjects exposed to laser irradiation in vivo.
Effect of hematoporphyrin derivative 2 on estrogen receptors in experimental mammary tumors
Authors: Lanzafame Raymond J. , Rogers David W. , Naim John O. , Herrera H. Raul , Hinshaw J. Raymond 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThis study reports the effect of hematoporphyrin derivative 2 (HPD2) on estrogen receptors (ER) in the animal model used to develop the clinical ER assay. Fifty 200‐g female Sprague‐Dawley rats were given 20 mg of dimethylbenzanthracene by gastric intubation. Spontaneous mammary tumors occurred in 35 animals. Animals were anesthetized and 50% of each tumor was removed when the tumors were 2 cm in diameter. Animals were then randomized to receive 5 mg/kg (group A), 10 mg/kg (group B), or 0 mg/kg (group C) HPD2 intravenously 48 hours after biopsy. The remaining tumor was excised 48 hours post HPD2 injection. All samples were weighed, placed on ice, and frozen to −70°C. ER assay was performed by batch run. Results (fmol/mg cytosol) were as follows: All animals (n=35) pre HPD2 34.2 ± 5.4, post HPD2 34.2 ± 5.8; group A: (n=11) pre HPD2 33.9 ± 7.9, post HPD2 37.1 ± 7.8; group B: (n=13) pre HPD2 29.2 ± 3.8, post HPD2 25.5 ± 3.6; group C: (n=11) pre HPD2 40.3 ± 5.2, post HPD2 41.5 ± 7.9. HPD2 does not affect ER in this animal model. Confirmatory studies with human tumor material must be completed.
Thermographic study of laser on arteries
Authors: Mnitentag J. , Marques E. F. , Ribeiro M. P. , Braga G. A. , Navarro M. R. , Veratti A. B. , Armelin E. , Macruz R. , Jatene A. D. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractWe analyzed the different effects of CO2, Nd‐YAG, and argon lasers on aorta by using a Thermovision infrared system that registered the laser interaction with mongrel dog aorta. The images (thermograms) obtained were processed by a computer, which associated each area of the same temperature with a determined color. These thermograms were compared to histological analysis of the respective samples and the following results were obtained: (1) After the application of each laser there is very little propagation of heat in tissue. (2) The CO2 laser makes tissue reach 100°C in less than 0.05 seconds. (3) The heat dissipation time was higher with the Nd‐YAG laser due to higher scattering on tissue.Based on this research we conclude that the CO2 laser was best absorbed, the Nd‐YAG laser penetrated human tissue with the best results, and the argon laser had the most significant backscattering.