bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neurosyphilis with Concomitant Cryptococcal Meningitis in a Patient with AIDS after COVID-19: a case report
Authors: Wang Qi , Pan yunfei 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background The common infections agents causing meningitis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) includeCryptococcus neoformansandTreponema pallidum. Furthermore, there is an elevated risk of meningitis in patients with HIV concomitantly infected with SARS-CoV-2. Case presentation: A 38-year-old male presented with headache and dizziness. After hospitalization, polymerase chain reaction test for SARS-CoV-2 in nasopharyngeal swab was positive, and lumbar puncture revealed neurosyphilis with concomitant cryptococcal meningitis. He underwent Paxlovid, penicillin, antifungal and antiretroviral treatment. The patient had no other neurological symptoms and was stable during the 6-month follow-up period. Conclusions During the COVID-19 pandemic, patients with HIV, particularly those not underwent antiretroviral therapy, are at higher risk for severe infections, including central nervous system complications, due to their compromised immune systems.
Intravenous High-dose Anakinra Drops Venous Thrombosis and Myocardial Infarction in Severe and Critical COVID-19 Patients: A Propensity Score Matched Study
Authors: Çakmak Ramazan , Yüce Servet , Ay Mustafa , Uyar Muhammed Hamdi , Kılıç Muhammed İkbal , Bektaş Murat 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Introduction: In our study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of high-dose intravenous anakinra treatment on the development of thrombotic events in severe and critical COVID-19 patients. Material and methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted at a tertiary referral center in Aksaray, Turkey. The study population consisted of two groups as follows; the patients receiving high-dose intravenous anakinra (anakinra group) added to background therapy and the patients treated with standard of care (SoC) as a historical control group. Age, gender, mcHIS scores, and comorbidities such as DM, HT, and CHD of the patients were determined as the variables to be matched. Results: We included 114 patients in SoC and 139 patients in the Anakinra group in the study. Development of any thromboembolic event (5% vs 12.3%, p = 0.038; OR:4.3) and PTE (2.9% vs 9.6%, p = 0.023; OR:5.1) were lower in the Anakinra group than SoC. No patient experienced CVA and/or clinically evident DVT both in two arms. After 1:1 PS matching, 88 patients in SoC and 88 patients in the Anakinra group were matched and included in the analysis. In survival analysis, the development of any thromboembolic event, PTE, and MI were higher in SoC compared to Anakinra. Survival rate was also lower in patients with SoC arm than Anakinra in patients who had any thromboembolic event as well as MI. Conclusion: In our study, the development of thrombosis was associated with hyperinflammation in patients with severe and critical COVID-19. Intravenous high-dose anakinra treatment decreases both venous and arterial events in patients with COVID-19.
Game Theory-Infused Hybrid CatBoost- Extreme Learning Machine model for Reliable Identification of Rice Leaf Diseases for Advancing Agricultural Surveillance
Authors: Pratap V. Krishna , Kumar N. Suresh 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The global economy greatly relies on rice cultivation, yet the agricultural sector is primarily challenged by the prevalence of rice leaf diseases. This research introduces a novel Game Theory-Infused Hybrid CatBoost-Extreme Learning Machine (GT-CBELM) model tailored for the accurate and dependable detection of rice leaf diseases, thereby advancing agricultural surveillance practices. The proposed methodology harnesses cutting-edge image pre-processing methods, Contrast-Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE), to enhance image quality and reveal critical disease-related details. The Grab Cut algorithm, achieves refined segmentation of disease-affected regions, leading to focused feature extraction and a substantial improvement in disease classification accuracy. Texture-specific features are extracted using the Grey Level Cooccurrence Matrix (GLCM) technique, effectively capturing essential structural information from affected areas. A groundbreaking contribution lies in the integration of game theory-based feature selection, empowered by the Banzhaf power index, which adeptly identifies relevant features while accounting for their inherent interdependencies, mitigating overfitting concerns and enhancing generalization capabilities. By seamlessly merging Game Theory with CatBoost algorithm’s robust categorical feature handling and ELM's pattern recognition process, the hybrid model excels in classifying three distinct rice leaf diseases brown spot, bacterial leaf blight, and leaf smut with remarkable precision and reliability. This innovative approach holds great promise for revolutionizing agricultural management strategies by enabling immediate and accurate disease identification, thereby contributing to enhanced crop health and agricultural productivity.
Assessing the 53-Year Epidemiological Trends of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) in Northeastern Iran
Authors: Saghravanian Nasrollah , Tajdini Yasamin , Saeedi Pooya , Ghorbani Mahsa 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) represents a significant global health concern, accounting for about 90% of all oral malignancies. This study aimed to assess the epidemiological trends of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in Northeast Iran over a 53-year period.
Methods
We obtained data on OSCC cases in Northeast Iran spanning 53 years (1970–2022), including demographic details such as age, sex, site, and histopathological grade. Descriptive analysis was conducted, and frequencies were compared using the chi-squared test to evaluate differences between sexes, age groups, cancer sites, and histopathological grades. Additionally, we assessed the associations of each OSCC site with age, sex, and histopathological grade. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05, with a confidence interval of 95%.
Results
This study examined 13,769 cases, among which 507 were diagnosed with OSCC, accounting for 3.68% of the total cases. The mean age was 59.27 ± 14.94 years, with a significantly higher prevalence of OSCC among individuals older than 50 years (P < 0.001). There were nearly equal proportions of males and females, with the tongue being the most common site (28.4%), followed by the gingiva (26.4%) and buccal mucosa (19.5%). Grade 1 OSCC was significantly more prevalent (54%) than other grades. There was a significant association between sex and tongue SCC in females (P = 0.006) and between sex and lip SCC in males (P = 0.008). Prevalence in individuals above 50 was significant for tongue, buccal mucosa, gingiva, and lip (P = 0.001, < 0.001, < 0.001, 0.028, respectively). In tongue, buccal mucosa, gingiva, and floor of the mouth, grade 1 was significantly more prevalent (P < 0.001).
Conclusion
Our study revealed that OSCC predominantly affects individuals older than 50 years, with nearly equal prevalence between sexes. The most commonly affected sites are the tongue and gingiva, often exhibiting grade 1 histopathological findings. Enhanced community awareness of risk factors and regular oral examinations are essential for reducing the incidence of OSCC.
Soil moisture retrieval using GNSS signal-to-noise ratio data based on an improved optimal arc selection method
Authors: He Jiaxing , Zheng Nanshan , Ding Rui 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Global Navigation Satellite System-interferometric reflectometry (GNSS-IR) can be used to monitor soil moisture by establishing a relationship between phase and soil moisture. Therefore, the accuracy of the phase value is very important. However, topography and vegetation can introduce errors in the phase values when processing the raw signal-to-noise ratio reflection component (SRC). This study proposes an optimal arc selection (OAS) method to overcome this limitation. The novelty of this method is the use of entropy to evaluate the accuracy of curve fitting and the use of a particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm to search for the optimal elevation range of SRC. We processed SNR data from 3 GNSS stations and provided the verification results through in-situ soil moisture measurements. The results showed that the phase values calculated using the OAS method were more accurate than those calculated using the conventional method. The new method improved the agreement between GNSS-derived soil moisture and in-situ measurements, with a reduction of 29% in root mean square error (RMSE) and 31% in mean absolute error (MAE). This suggests that the OAS method can improve the capacity of soil moisture retrieval in undulating terrain areas and promote the development of GNSS-IR.
A four-miRNA Signature as a Potential Biomarker of malignant mesothelioma patients from hand-spinning asbestos exposed area in Eastern China
Authors: Zhu Lijin , Ying Shibo , Su Xin , Yu Wenke , Yan Kaili , Shen Wei , Hu Shuaiyue , Jiang Zhaoqiang , Xia Hailing , Feng Lingfang , Zeng Yan , Chen Junqiang , Zhang Xing , Lou Jianlin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is an aggressive malignant tumor of mesothelial origin that develops mainly in the parietal pleura or peritoneum and is strongly associated with asbestos exposure. MicroRNAs (miRNA) can be used as biomarkers in the in vitro diagnosis of tumors. To study the differential expression of miRNAs in MM patients and identify potential biomarkers for diagnosis, we sequenced miRNAs in MM formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor tissue and compared it with adjacent normal tissue, and the expression of four miRNAs was validated using in situ hybridization. Moreover, the expression differences of these four miRNAs in the plasma were also compared between lung cancer (LC) patients, patients with pleural plaques (PP), asbestos-exposed (AE) subjects and healthy controls by qPCR. We found a total of 31 differentially expressed miRNAs in the tumor tissue of mesothelioma patients compared to the adjacent normal tissue, with 18 upregulated miRNAs and 13 downregulated miRNAs. The elevated expression of miR-19b, miR-26a, miR-26b, and miR-29a in FFPE tumor tissue was further validated in both the cytoplasm and the nucleus using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) hybridization. Furthermore, the plasma expression levels of miR-19b and miR-29a in the mesothelioma group were significantly higher than those in any of the other four groups, and similar expression differences were found in miR-26a and miR-26b between the mesothelioma group and any other group except the LC group. Diagnostic value analysis indicated high sensitivity and specificity of these four miRNAs in distinguishing MM patients from PP patients, AE subjects, and healthy controls. Conclusively, miR-19b, miR-26a, miR-26b and miR-29a are potential blood biomarkers for the early or differential diagnosis of MM.
Double-Layer Superhydrophobic Coating: Enhanced Anti-Corrosion and Anti-Fouling Resistance through Star Cross-linking of FPI/POSS@POA/F-SiO 2
Authors: Liu Lijian , Wang Haihua , Hao Xixi , Zhang Qinghua , Fei Guiqiang , Duan Yihao , Sun Liyu 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
To address the escalating demand for anti-corrosive and anti-fouling solutions in marine environments, the development of superhydrophobic bilayer coating based on nanocomposite polymers applied to metal substrates is crucial. However, achieving concurrent anti-corrosive and anti-fouling functionalities remains a formidable challenge. In this study, a nanocomposite polymer coating was created through the star crosslinking of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) and fluorinated polyimide (FPI) prepolymer. Subsequently, a double-layer coating featuring a superhydrophobic layer was fashioned using the aforementioned coating as the base layer. Following a 50-day salt spray test, both the FPI/POSS-4 coating and the double-layer superhydrophobic FPI/POSS@POA/F-SiO2 coating demonstrated exemplary corrosion resistance. The impedance modulus (|Z| 0.01 Hz) of FPI/POSS-4 and FPI/POSS@POA/F-SiO2 was 3.17 × 109 and 7.04 × 1010 Ω⋅cm2, respectively, surpassing that of pure FPI coating by approximately two to three orders of magnitude. The enhanced performance for the FPI/POSS-4 single-layer coating resulted from the POSS star crosslinking, which bolstered coating compactness, thereby creating a physical barrier akin to the “labyrinth effect.” This hindered corrosive media penetration, thereby extending the penetration path. Conversely, the latter double-layer coating relied on the exceptional shielding provided by the underlying nanocomposite polymer coating and the inhibitory effects of the superhydrophobic coating against corrosive media. Notably, the fabricated superhydrophobic coating exhibited robust mechanical durability, retaining its superhydrophobicity even after 100 cycles of sandpaper friction and 80 cycles of tape peeling. In addition, the superhydrophobic coating demonstrated self-cleaning and anti-fouling properties. This study offers a fresh perspective on the preparation of double-layer superhydrophobic coatings with outstanding anti-corrosive and anti-fouling attributes, showcasing their potential and prospective practical applications.
Construction of mesoporous silica nanodrug delivery system using chitooligosaccharide (CHO) for irinotecan delivery
Authors: Fan Jiashen , Song Han , Liu Shengkai , Chen Boyu , Huang Jin , Fu Yujie , Liu Zhiguo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this study, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) around of 50 nm with high specific surface area and pore volume were synthesized using chitooligosaccharide (CHO) as a template. The specific surface area and total pore volume of the as-synthesized MSNs is 1,443.7 m2g-1 and 2.17 cm3g-1, respectively. The anticancer drug irinotecan (CPT-11) was then efficiently loaded onto the MSNs. The surface of the drug loaded MSNs was further modified by the folic acid conjugated chitosan layer to enhance theirs target ability. The outside chitosan layers were very stable under neutral conditions, which can effectively prevent drug leakage. However, the outside chitosan layers are sensitive to pH conditions, which can be rapidly disassemble under acidic conditions. In vitro tests on folic acid conjugated chitosan modified MSNs loaded with CPT-11 against human breast cancer cell (MDA-MB-231) confirmed that folate receptor-mediated endocytosis successfully enhanced the cellular uptake of the MSNs and significantly improved CPT-11 control release process against cancer cells.
Tea intake and risk of incident kidney stone: A meta-analysis
Authors: Yin Jin , Li Ning , jun qiu , Pan Xiong , Liu Cai , Zhao Kun , Peng Yun 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background: The formation of kidney stones is multifactorial and surveys have shown that not all fluids are equally beneficial in reducing the risk of kidney stones. Multiple studies have shown an association between tea intake and kidney stones. However, studies investigating the relationship between tea intake and the occurrence of kidney stones have been inconsistent.
Objective: To clarify this association, we conducted this analysis to determine the link between tea intake and kidney stones.
Study design: This study was a meta-analysis. PubMed, Web of Knowledge, Elsevier Science Direct, and Springer digital libraries were searched for studies reporting tea intake and kidney stones. A random-effects model was used to summarize the relationship between tea and kidney stones. The included articles were assessed for quality using the Newcastle–Ottawa scale.
Results: A total of ten articles and 14 studies (men and women) were retrieved, including 9 cohort studies, 5 case-control studies, with a total of 1,318,071 participants and of 22,963 kidney stone patient. The results showed that tea intake was negatively correlated with kidney stone, (combined odds ratio [OR], 0.86; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.81−0.91) with mild heterogeneity (I2=56.6.0%; P=0.005). Subgroup and sensitivity analyses confirmed the results.
Conclusions: Tea intake was shown a potential protective effect on the development of kidney stones.
Traffic Sign board image Classification by using Deep Learning Techniques
Authors: Deshpande Abhinav V. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this research paper, the comparison of various regional image enhancement methods is made with three-dimensional image quality statistics such as mean error (MSE), peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), and image quality. (SSIM) Image quality. Image development activities can be carried out, especially in local regions. The criteria for choosing the best method are the characteristics of the mean square error (MSE) and cumulative mean square error (MSE) to noise ratio (PSNR), as well as the maximum measurement and image quality (SSIM). Classification of tasks from preliminary images using the pre-learning technique of deep convolutional neural network. Accuracy for testing and training image databases is 100%.
A Case of Septic Shock due to Kodamaea Ohmeri
Authors: Mao Min-nan , Cao Yu-fang , Zhang Ying-ai , Wang Ting 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Kodamaea ohmeri is an emerging rare fungal pathogen that often infects patients with weakened immunity. Herein, we report a case of a patient with normal immune function infected with K.ohmeri. The patient presented with fever, shortness of breath and lethargic (accompanied by septic shock in one episodes) within two weeks. Chest roentgenography showed massive right-side pleural effusion and atelectasis, and left-side pneumonia. Thoracentesis yielded pleural effusion containing a nucleated cell count of more than 600·106·L-1. An bronchoalveolar lavage fluid culture grew K.ohmeri. According to the result of drug sensitivity, voriconazole was used for anti-fungal treatment.The patient died after medical treatment. Early and accurate identification of K. ohmeri is critical to determining treatment options. Septic shock caused by severe fungal pneumonia requires early, aggressive and multidisciplinary treatment.
Can we protect pediatric burn patients from hypothermia in the operating room?
Authors: Sahutoglu Cengiz , Ozok Geylani , Bor Canan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Burns are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in children, ranking third among injury-related deaths. Maintaining body temperature in burn patients is challenging, with the literature reporting an incidence of hypothermia up to 60%.
Methods: This retrospective observational cohort study included 54 pediatric burn patients who underwent surgery in the pediatric surgery operating room between January 2016 and December 2019, comprising a total of 112 procedures. The hypothermia was defined as a decrease in body temperature below 36 °C. The patients were divided into two groups: Group I (patients with a body temperature below 36 °C) and Group II (body temperature ≥36 °C).
Results: The study included the patients with a mean age of 51.9 ± 43 months, and 49.1% were male. The hypothermia group exhibited a higher burn degree (25% vs 5%, p = 0.003) and percentage [13 (2-60) vs 7 (2-60), p = 0.045]. The total amount of crystalloids used (414 ± 350 mL vs 257 ± 288 mL, p = 0.038) was higher, and the operation time was longer (88 ± 65 min vs 46 ± 48 min, p = 0.006) in the hypothermia group. The incidence of hypothermia was 46.4%. Female gender (OR: 3.968, 95% CI: 1.249-12.609, p = 0.019) and longer operation time (OR: 1.016, 95% CI: 1.004-1.027, p = 0.007) were identified as risk factors for hypothermia.
Conclusion: In our patient cohort, the incidence of hypothermia was 46.4%. Female gender and longer operation time were independent risk factors for hypothermia.
Community structure and associated networks of endophytic bacteria in pea leaves during different developmental stages
Authors: MAO Xinqi , Zhang Xiaoyan , Hao Junjie , Wang Qiankun , Lv Xin , Li Jiang , Liu Quanlan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background and aims Endophytic bacteria of leaves play a crucial role in plant development, but how structure and co-occurrence networks within these communities respond to seed and soil microbial communities is unknown.
Methods To address this, endophytic bacteria of pea (Pisum sativum L.) seedling leaves (SL) after growing 3 and flowering leaves (FL) after 6 weeks were studied using Illumina sequencing of 16S rRNA gene.
Results Richness and diversity of endophytic bacteria of FL were similar to non-planted soil (NS) and were higher than SL and seeds (S), while those of SL endophytic bacteria were similar to S. PCoA analysis showed endophytic bacterial community was dynamic during the developmental stage. At the genus level, Bacteroides was enriched and dominant at SL and decreased at FL, whereas Pantoea, Helicobacter and Coriobacteriaceae_UCG_002 tended to be enriched and dominant at FL. Interestingly, the endophytic bacterial community at FL was similar to those at NS. Besides, S and SL networks both had higher modular structures than FL network. Among networks constructed by the combined dataset, the ecosystem of S – SL, S – FL and SL - FL had more microbial interaction than other ecosystems (SL – NS and FL - NS), while the SL – NS and FL - NS ecosystems showed the higher modularity indicating the more special and resistant to secondary extinction species existed.
Conclusions In our present study, bacteria from seeds and soils play a critical role for endophytic bacterial community of pea leaves at its developmental stage.
The first report of rot disease of onion occurred by Pseudomonas kitaguniensis, causing severe rot symptoms at lower temperatures.
Authors: Tsuji Mizue , Sato Moe , Fuji Shin-ichi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

In early spring of 2020–2022, rot symptoms were observed on onion growing in Iwate and Akita Prefectures. The symptoms exhibited water-soaking rot on leaves, or light brown soft rot on leaf sheaths and bulbs, bringing death of whole plants. From lesions, LOPAT group IVa bacteria were isolated. Based on pathogenicity, bacteriological properties, and sequences of 16S rRNA and housekeeping genes, isolates were identified as Pseudomonas kitaguniensis. This is the first report of bacterial rot of onion caused by P. kitaguniensis. P. kitaguniensis caused strong rot on onion bulbs at 15–25 ºC than 30 ºC, different from other closely related species.
A Novel Intelligent Model Based on Optimal Jumps for Creating Data Sampling from Big Dataset
Authors: Zayed Mohammed , Ba-Alwi Fadl , Alsohybe Nabeel , AL-Gaphari Gheleb 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The pervasiveness of big data has revolutionized the landscape of information technology (IT), offering a wealth of insights and opportunities for various sectors, including healthcare, education, and the Internet of Things (IoT). However, the sheer volume and complexity of big data pose challenges in extracting meaningful knowledge. To address this, we propose a novel model for optimal sample selection, enabling efficient extraction of representative subsets from big data. The proposed model, based on optimal jumps, dynamically adapts the clustering process to enhance the efficiency of data sampling. We employ the Adjusted Rand Index (ARI) to evaluate the similarity between clusters and guide the selection of new data in each iteration This model holds the potential to significantly enhance the utilization of big data while reducing computational demands. The proposed could run on big datasets and the samples taken represents the dataset.