bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing Intrusion Detection with Explainable AI: A Transparent Approach to Network Security
Authors: Mallampati Seshu Bhavani , Seetha Hari 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
An Intrusion Detection System (IDS) is essential to identify cyber-attacks and implement appropriate measures for each risk. The efficiency of the Machine Learning (ML) techniques is compromised in the presence of irrelevant features and class imbalance. In this research, an efficient data pre-processing strategy was proposed to enhance the model’s generalizability. The class dissimilarity is addressed using k-Means SMOTE. After this, we furnish a hybrid feature selection method that combines filters and wrappers. Further, a hyperparameter-tuned Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LGBM) is analyzed by varying the optimal feature subsets. The experiments used the datasets – UNSW-NB15 and CICIDS-2017, yielding an accuracy of 90.71% and 99.98%, respectively. As the transparency and generalizability of the model depend significantly on understanding each component of the prediction, we employed the eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) method, SHapley Additive exPlanation (SHAP), to improve the comprehension of forecasted results.
Degradation Recoloring Deutan CVD Image from Block SVD Watermark
Authors: Milivojević Zoran N. , Prlinčević Bojan , Cekić Milan , Kostić Dijana 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
People with Color Vision Deficiency (CVD), which arises as a deformation of the M cones in the eye, cannot detect the color green in the image (deutan anomaly). In the first part of the paper, deutan anomalous is described. After that, the image recoloring algorithm, which enables Deutan CVD people to see a wider spectrum in images, is described. Then, the effect of the Recoloring algorithm on images with inserted watermark is analyzed. An experiment has been carried out, in which the effect of the Recoloring algorithm on the quality of extracted watermark and Recoloring image is studied. In addition, the robustness of the inserted watermark in relation to spatial transformations (rotation, scaling) and compression algorithms has been tested. By applying objective measures and visual inspection of the quality of extracted watermark and recoloring image, the optimal insertion factor α is determined. All results are presented in the form of pictures, tables and graphics.
Memorized Rapidly Exploring Random Tree Optimization (MRRTO): An Enhanced Algorithm for Robot Path Planning
Authors: Muhsen Dena Kadhim , Sadiq Ahmed T. , Raheem Firas Abdulrazzaq 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
With the advancement of the robotics world, many path-planning algorithms have been proposed. One of the important algorithms is the Rapidly Exploring Random Tree (RRT) but with the drawback of not guaranteeing the optimal path. This paper solves this problem by proposing a Memorized RRT Optimization Algorithm (MRRTO Algorithm) using memory as an optimization step. The algorithm obtains a single path from the start point, and another from the target point to store only the last visited new node. The method for computing the nearest node depends on the position, when a new node is added, the RRT function checks if there is another node closer to the new node rather than that is closer to the goal point. Simulation results with different environments show that the MRRTO outperforms the original RRT Algorithm, graph algorithms, and metaheuristic algorithms in terms of reducing time consumption, path length, and number of nodes used.
Risk management and risk communication of an illegal use of sulphites in meat preparations
Authors: Mičović Elizabeta , Mantovani Alberto , Jevšnik Mojca 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This paper presents a case study on the management of a food fraud associated with health risks: the illegal use of sulphites in meat preparations and minced meat in Slovenia in 2019. The purpose is to highlight the shortcomings of existing systems for ensuring food safety in case of food frauds and highlight challenges for improvements.
Sulphites are food additives but also have significant allergenic potential, hence they may cause serious reactions in sensitized consumers. Labelling of foods treated with sulphites is mandatory, and their use in meat and meat preparations in Europe is not allowed. However, certain food business operators may intentionally add sulphites into meat preparations to improve the sensory properties; besides being a food fraud, this exposes unaware consumers to health risks.
The case started with the notification of an allergic-like reaction by a consumer following the consumption of a meat product. While the public authorities reacted by intensifying controls on markets and retailers, the analysis of risk management and risk communication aspects showed a number of shortcomings: slow response time; lack of recall of sulphite-treated meat products and of an in-depth risk assessment.
The evaluation of this case study identified violations of food law regulations and consumer protection legislation. Effective risk management requires an interdisciplinary approach, integrating timely and targeted official control and risk communication throughout the food chain to protect consumers from unfair practices. Consistent, effective, and transparent communication among all actors who share responsibility in ensuring food safety is necessary to achieve improvements.
This serious case of food fraud with actual risks to consumer health provided an opportunity for lessons to be learnt regarding managing health hazards from intervention to prevention.
Sedimentary texture of crevasse splays formed by present-day and palaeofloods against the background of floodplain geomorphology and lithofacies exposed in channel cut banks (in the Vistula River valley between Warsaw and Płock, Poland)
Authors: Wierzbicki Grzegorz , Górka Marcin , Ostrowski Piotr , Kałmykow-Piwińska Agnieszka , Falkowski Tomasz 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
On the floodplain of a sandy, braided river in the Central European Lowland, we studied the sedimentary texture of two crevasse splays, which were: (1) formed due to a levee breach in the 2010 flood, and widely documented by hydrological, bathymetric and LIDAR data, (2) developed under natural conditions when the channel was not embanked by artificial levees (dikes). We compare the sedimentological results with a geomorphological map, a model of the floodplain geomorphology showing different facies of fluvial deposition derived from a meandering river, and deposits in cut banks of the river channel. The statistical parameters of the grain size composition and geomorphic features of the splay, shaped by overbank flow through the broken embankment, are similar to the natural landform. Most of the cut banks (60% of alluvial deposits were mapped there) consist of lithofacies representing proximal floodplain; 30% were distal floodplain (muds), and 10% channel (coarse sand with gravel, pebbles and cobbles). We speculate about the palaeogeography of the Lower Vistula, and the origin of muds and coarse deposits in the banks of the channel. We link these unusual sediments with avulsion, deposition in side arms during ice-jam conditions, and dredging of the channel bottom by suction excavator, which reached the fluvioglacial, suballuvial layer on the bedrock protrusion.
European Macroeconomic Dynamics on Financial Markets and Economic Policy: A Cross Country Study for Spillover Effects
Authors: Ciocîrlan Cecilia , Zwak-Cantoriu Maria-Cristina , Stancea Andreea , Plăcintă Dimitrie-Daniel 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
What is the direction and extent of the spillover effects of sovereign bond yields in the European Union and which countries are transmitters and receivers of these effects? The motivation for this research is related to the need to better understand the interconnectedness of European Union sovereign bond markets in the context of rising budget deficits and public debt, as well as recent financial and sovereign debt crises, which have highlighted the importance of bond market interdependencies. The main objective of the paper is to investigate the direction and magnitude of the spillover effects of sovereign bond yields in the European Union and to identify the states that act as transmitters and receivers of these effects. The data used in the analysis include the evolution of the bond markets of the euro area member states and non-monetary union states, to allow comparison and assessment of their interconnectivity. To analyse the interconnectedness of bond markets, methods which provide a suitable analysis framework to assess volatility propagation between countries were used. The research results highlight that most of the contagion effects are concentrated in the peripheral countries, such as Romania, Portugal, Lithuania and Ireland, and the central countries act as transmitters of these effects.
Toxicity Screening of Surface Waters in Zaghen Restoration Area with Toxkit Microbiotests
Authors: Suliman Iasemin , Tudor Iuliana-Mihaela , Ibram Orhan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this study, we report the findings regarding the toxicity of surface waters collected in March 2023 from five sampling stations in the Zaghen restoration area, located within the Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve, Romania. The assessment of acute toxicity was conducted using two microbiotests: the Thamnotoxkit F and the Daphtoxkit FTM magna. Even if the acute toxicity effects are less than 50% and do not allow the calculation of a toxicity score for the water samples, the experiments show a different vulnerability of the two zooplanktonic species to the presence of heavy metals in the water with mortality being higher in Thamnocephalus platyurus (20%) than in Daphnia magna (15%).
Effects of Land Use on Millipede Communities (Subphyllum Myriapoda, Class Diplopoda): A Review
Authors: Tudose Cezara , Rîșnoveanu Geta 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Millipedes are soil macrodetritivores with considerable roles in decomposing organic matter and recycling nutrients. This paper aims to identify the effects of land use on millipedes based on a literature review. Land use changes impact species distribution, diversity, and behavior with consequences for litter decomposition and soil quality. Surrounding landscapes influence the millipedes’ community structure. The effects of land use under different ecological contexts and in wetlands and woody riparian zones constitute essential gaps in knowledge.
Fish Population in the Belčišta Wetland – Risk Assessment, Prevention and Management
Authors: Velkova-Jordanoska Lidija , Stojanovski Stojmir , Blazekovikj-Dimovska Dijana , Veljanovski Kristijan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Belčišta wetland is the largest wetland habitat in R. of North Macedonia, located 20 km distance from Ohrid Lake and it is a relict remnant of the ancient Desaret Lake, which existed in this area since the Pliocene. This region hosts an endemic freshwater species of the Balcan Penninsula, Pelasgus minutus, which is threatened by habitat loss.
There are intentions of artificial introduction of salmonid fishes in Belčišta wetland to develop the recreative fishery and tourism in this area. Introduction and spread of salmonids is a great risk factor to the survival of the ohrid minnows (Pelasgus minutus).
Assessment of the Efficiency of 5th (20 KM) Hilsa Shad (Tenualosa Ilisha) Sanctuary of the Padma River (Bangladesh) for Sustainable Policy Formulation and Conservation Management
Authors: Hasan Md. Monjurul , Rahman Md. Anisur , Pramanik Md. Mehedi Hasan , Flura  , Yasmin Rumana , Mahmud Yahia 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The studied area is the single largest fishery in Bangladesh. The present work was conducted at two points of the Padma River (Sureshwar and Tarabunia) from July 2019 to June 2021 to monitor the efficiency of the 5th Hilsa sanctuary. Proportion of spent rate, length frequency, larvae and Jatka abundance, CPUE of larvae, the length-weight relationship of Jatka, plankton composition, and physico-chemical parameters of water were assessed and found adequate in the Hilsa sanctuary.
Implementation of Contractor Safety Management System (CSMS) PT. Waskita Karya on Rigid Pavement Subcontractor
Authors: Ratriwardhani Ratna Ayu , Kauno Bella Angelica , Rhomadhoni Muslikha Nourma , Ayu Friska 
Published: March 2024

Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the application of Contractor Safety Management System (CSMS) and its compatibility between the administrative stage and implementation in construction projects, particularly focusing on the Kutanegara region in Indonesia. Recognizing the prevalence of work accidents and delays attributed to discrepancies in CSMS, the research seeks to assess the alignment between CSMS policies and their execution in the field.

Methods: The research adopts a descriptive qualitative approach to evaluate the application of CSMS. Data collection employs triangulation, combining observation, interviews, and documentation review. Key informants, including main and supporting stakeholders, are selected through purposive sampling techniques to provide insights into CSMS implementation and its effectiveness in ensuring workplace safety and compliance.

Results and Discussion: The evaluation of CSMS application reveals inconsistencies between administrative policies and their implementation in the field. Specifically, discrepancies are identified in the installation of vision, mission, and policy statements (16%), K3 signs and smoking bans (42%), warning signs and evacuation directions (53%), and the management of electrical panels and Lock Out Tag Out (LOTO) procedures (37%). While these inconsistencies are categorized as minor, they highlight the need for continuous improvement and alignment between CSMS policies and practices to mitigate work accidents and delays effectively.

Implications of the Research: The findings of this study have implications for construction project management and safety practices, emphasizing the importance of aligning CSMS policies with on-site implementation to enhance workplace safety and efficiency. By identifying discrepancies and areas for improvement in CSMS application, the research provides insights into strategies for enhancing safety protocols and reducing the risk of work accidents and delays in construction projects.

Originality/Value: This study contributes to the existing literature by addressing the gap in research regarding the alignment between CSMS policies and their implementation in construction projects, particularly in the Indonesian context. By employing a qualitative approach and triangulating multiple data sources, the research offers valuable insights into the effectiveness of CSMS in ensuring workplace safety and compliance. The findings underscore the importance of continuous improvement and adherence to safety protocols in construction projects, ultimately enhancing the overall quality and efficiency of project delivery.
Characteristics of Adolescents and Parenting Style of Bullying Behavior
Authors: Putri Rahmadaniar Aditya , Kamariyah Nurul , Hasina Siti Nur , Firdaus  , Noventi Iis 
Published: March 2024

Background: Bullying occurs more frequently which is detrimental to adolescent development.

Aim: Examining the relationship between demo data, parental interactions, and parenting practices as potential contributors to adolescent bullying behavior.

Methods: A cross-sectional study methodology was used. The research population is teenagers who attend junior and senior high schools in Surabaya. Based on re-sampling for research, the research sample consisted of 1855 teenagers. One month duration. bullying behavior is the dependent variable, while demographic traits, parental interactions, and parenting philosophy are the independent variables. Teenagers completed the questionnaire using the Google form and questionnaire sheet, which is the method used to collect data. The chi-square test for adolescent traits and Spearman's rank correlation of = 0.05 were used in the statistical analysis.

Results: Bullying behavior was found to be correlated with adolescent characteristics, especially age (P=0.003). Only permissive parenting style had a positive correlation (p=0.036, r=0.094) with intimidation, while authoritarian and permissive parenting styles had a negative correlation (p=0.000, r=0.131) with intimidation.

Conclusion: Teenagers are involved in bullying behavior, both as victims and perpetrators. Be young. There is a high probability that parenting philosophies that are too strict or too permissive will result in bullying behavior. To reduce the possibility of bullying among adolescents, parents are expected to apply authoritative parenting.
Peningkatan Pengetahuan Pencegahan Cacingan Anak Pada ibu-ibu PKK Dusun Ngipik, Banguntapan Bantul
Authors: Astuti Febriana , Capritasari Rafiastiana , Arifin Novi Rizal , Azhima Adelia , Wicaksono Herlambang , Karabu Ince Rambu 
Published: March 2024

Stunting pada anak disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor, salah satunya adalah kecacingan atau infeksi telur cacing. Tujuan dari dilakukannya kegiatan ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu-ibu anggota PKK di Dusun Ngipik Kecamatan Banguntapan Kabupaten Bantul , terkait cara mencegah kecacingan. Metode yang digunakan antara lain adalah penyuluhan serta survey dengan menggunakan kuseioner yang terdiri atas pre test yang diberikan sebelum penyuluhan dimulai dan post test atau setelah penyuluhan selesai untuk melihat peningkatan pengetahuan pada peserta penyuluhan. Kegiatan dilaksanakan pada tanggal 17 Juni 2023 dari pukul 15.00-17.00 yang dihadiri oleh 32 anggota PKK Dusun Ngipik. Kegiatan dilaksanakan pada tanggal 17 Juni 2023 dari pukul 15.00-17.00 yang dihadiri oleh 32 anggota PKK Dusun Ngipik. Terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan dari anggota PKK setelah dilakukannya penyuluhan, yaitu yang awalnya terdapat 20 responden (62,5%) dengan tingkat pengetahuan baik, naik menjadi 31 responden (96,9%). Selanjutnya untuk tingkat pengetahuan dengan kategori cukup yang awalnya sebanyak 8 responden (25%) turun menjadi 1 responden (3%), sedangkan responden dengan kategori kurang yang awalnya berjumlah 4 orang responden (12,5%) berubah menjadi 0 responden. Dari hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa dari kegiatan penyuluhan yang dilakukan responden dapat dengan baik menerima informasi yang disampaikan dan terdapat peningkatkan pengetahuan dari anggota PKK Dusun Ngipik terkait pencegahan kecacingan pada anak.
Peningkatan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat di Era Society 5.0 melalui Pendidikan
Authors: Putra Febrian Maulana , Hilal Syamsul , Hanif  
Published: March 2024

Kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) ini bertujuan untuk memberikan informasi dasar kepada masyarakat di Lampung tentang pentingnya pendidikan di Era Society 5.0. Urgensi dalam kegiatan ini yaitu masih banyak masyarakat yang belum mengetahui tentang pentingnya pendidikan. Peran akademisi dalam kegiatan ini memberikan informasi tentang pendidikan dan berkeinginan untuk sosialisasikan pengetahuan dan menumbuhkan kesadaran pentingnya pendidikan. Dalam kegiatan ini menggunakan metode yang meliputi beberapa tahapan yakni perencanaan, pelaksanan dan evaluasi. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan pada tanggal 21 September 2023 secara dalam jaringan (daring) atau online melalui aplikasi Google Meet disampaikan dengan metode ceramah dan diskusi bersama setelah dilakukan ceramah. Peserta dalam kegiatan ini adalah masyarakat di provinsi Lampung berjumlah 31 peserta yang terdiri dari pria dan wanita. Adapun kegiatan ini dilaksanakan selama satu hari. Hasil dari kegiatan ini yaitu mampu memberikan tambahan pengetahuan bagi Masyarakat Lampung tentang pentingnya pendidikan di era Society 5.0.
ANALISIS GEOMORFIK DALAM MENENTUKAN AKTIVITAS TEKTONIK DAERAH BANDING AGUNG DAN SEKITARNYA, OKU SELATAN, SUMATERA SELATAN
Authors: Ramadhani Ramaniya , Hastuti Endang Wiwik Dyah 
Published: March 2024

Geomorfologi tektonik sebagai aspek utama yang mengendalikan perkembangan bentuk lahan pada wilayah tektonik yang aktif serta memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap sistem sungai serta bentang alam pegunungan muka di daerah Bandingagung dan sekitarnya. Studi ini memanfaatkan metode kuantitatif dan hipotetis, yang diawali dari pendekatan umum, setelah itu dilanjutkan ke pendekatan yang lebih khusus serta terfokus. Dimana studi meliputi penginderaan jauh dengan GIS, serta analisis geomorfologi menggunakan parameter morfometri, seperti: Valley Floor Width to valley height ratio (Vf), Mountain front sinuosity (Smf), Hypsometric Curve and Hypsometric Integral (HI), Drainage Density (Dd), Assymetry Factor(AF) dan Indeks Aktifitas Tektonik (IAT). Hasil perhitungan IAT telah menyimpulkan bahwa daerah Bandingagung dan sekitarnya termasuk kedalam aktifitas tektonik kelas dua dan tiga atau kategori kelas tektonik sedang sampai tinggi. Daerah penelitian juga memiliki pola pengaliran sungai yang didominasi oleh pola pengaliran paralel yang dikontrol oleh struktur geologi. Berdasarkan hasil analisis tersebut maka dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa daerah Bandingagung dan sekitarnya terbentuk oleh aktivitas tektonik yang berpengaruh terhadap pembentukan morfologi yang dijumpai pada saat ini.
Geomorphology tectonic as the main aspect that controls the development of landforms in active tectonic areas and has a significant influence on river systems and mountainous landscapes in the Bandingagung and surrounding areas. This study utilizes quantitative and hypothetical methods, starting with a general approach, then proceeding to a more specific and focused approach. Where the study includes remote sensing with GIS, as well as geomorphological analysis using morphometric parameters, such as: Valley Floor Width to valley height ratio (Vf), Mountain front sinuosity (Smf), Hypsometric Curve and Hypsometric Integral (HI), Drainage Density (Dd), Assymetry Factor (AF) and Tectonic Activity Index (IAT). The results of IAT calculations have concluded that the Bandingagung area and its surroundings are described as class tectonic activity 2 to 3 or the category of moderate to high tectonic class. The research area also has a river flow pattern which is dominated by a parallel flow pattern controlled by geological structures. Based on the results of this analysis, it can be concluded that the Bandingagung area and its surroundings were formed by tectonic activities that affect the formation of morphology found at this time.
Evaluation and assessment of dental fear and anxiety
Authors: Datey Manjiri Kiran , Karale Samruddhi , Dive Alka 
Published: March 2024

Objectives:
The aim of this study is to evaluate and assess the knowledge of dental fear and anxiety among general population.

Material and Methods:
A prospective cross-sectional study involving 400 participants was conducted among the general population. The validated questionnaire was given out to the participants. The questionnaire has multiple-choice questions and was easy to understand and respond.

Results:
Four hundred participants from the general population have participated in the study. It was found that the majority of the general public still avoids seeking dental treatment as they are afraid to go to the dentist.

Conclusion:
Participants in the research had a knowledge of the consequences of postponing dental care. Dental treatment is delayed due to dental fear and anxiety. Participants thought that they needed good medical advice as well as proper education on alternative relaxing methods like meditation.