bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cytomorphology of familial hemophagocytic syndrome
Authors: Silverman Jan F. , Singh Harsharan K. , Joshi Vijay V. , Holbrook C. Tate , Chauvenet Allen R. , Harris Lawrence S. , Geisinger Kim R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFamilial hemophagocytic syndrome (FHS) is a rare, fatal disorder of childhood demonstrating failure to thrive, fever, hepatosplenomegaly (HSM), recurrent infections, pancytopenia, and histologically, the infiltration of reticuloendothelial organs by benign‐appearing histiocytes demonstrating hemophagocytosis. We report two fatal cases of FHS including a 3 year‐old female who underwent fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy of the liver in the initial workup of the disease (case 1) and an 8 month‐old boy with ascites and HSM having peritoneal fluid cytology submitted as the first specimen for morphologic examination (case 2). In case 1, the FNA cytologic findings included benign hepatocytes and scattered mature and reactive lymphocytes and histiocytes. The histiocytes demonstrated fine to coarse cytoplasmic vacuoles and erythrophagocytosis. The diagnosis was confirmed at autopsy which revealed extensive lymphohistiocytic infiltrates in various organs including the central nervous system. In case 2, the peritoneal fluid cytology specimen contained numerous atypical and degenerating mononuclear lymphoreticular cells which were dispersed as a single cell suspension admixed with infrequent mesothelial elements; hemophagocytosis was not appreciated. Subsequent liver biopsy revealed portal tracts and sinusoids infiltrated by benign but atypical histiocytes with hemophagocytosis. Bone marrow examination and then autopsy confirmed the diagnosis of FHS. A panel of immunocytochemical studies was performed in the first case which was an aid in confirming the diagnosis of FHS and ultrastructural examination of the second case revealed well‐developed erythrophagocytosis. Both patients had siblings who died of FHS. Although not diagnostic, cytomorphology may suggest FHS.
Neural network processing can provide means to catch errors that slip through human screening of pap smears
Authors: Boon Mathilde E. , Kok L. P. , Under James 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe problem of the false‐negative smear deserves the attention of the cytologic community. We found that by using the PAPNET system, equipped with neural network programming, cancer cells can be detected in repeatedly misdiagnosed Pap smears. The correct diagnosis of these false‐negative smears depended on the skills of the diagnostician to recognize the cells on one or more of the 128 tiles of the video display as abnormal, and to make the proper decision when to turn to light microscopy. In 8 of the 10 tested false‐negative smears, the cancer cells were found exclusively in epithelial fragments; in two cases there were no more than five abnormal cells in the smear (which were detected by PAPNET). This study gave us insight into the nature of the false‐negative problem and showed us that the application of neural network processing can provide means to catch errors that slip through human screening of Pap smears.
Fine‐needle aspiration cytology of juvenile papillomatosis of breast: A case report
Authors: Ostrzega Nora 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe cytologic findings of juvenile papillomatosis (JP) have been rarely described. The clinical and cytologic findings were suggestive of a fibroadenoma, but due to the presence of 2 cc of clear fluid during the aspiration, fibrocystic change was in the differential diagnosis. Operation and subsequent examination of the mass identified a case of JP (so‐called Swiss cheese disease of the breast). Because JP is a marker for breast carcinoma for the patients' families, and the patients may themselves be at increase risk for malignancy, it is important that this entity be considered in the differential diagnosis.The observations in this case indicate that it is difficult to diagnose JP only by cytology, but the combination of clinical findings—a well‐circumscribed mass in a young patient with cystic fluid, but with a residual mass after aspiration due to the multicystic nature of JP—with the cytologic findings—sheets of hyperplatic breast epithelium with areas resembling fibroadenoma, macrophages, and apocrine cells—that appear to be sufficiently characteristic to suggest the diagnosis of JP.
Needle aspiration cytology, immunocytochemistry, and electron microscopic study in a case of carcinoid of the male breast
Authors: Gupta Raj K. , Holloway Linda J. , Johnwakefield St. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe diagnosis of a primary carcinoid of breast in a 68‐yr‐old male was initially made from a sample of needle aspirate. The cytodiagnosis was supported by histochemical and immunocytochemical studies which showed positivity for argyrophilic granules by Grimelius stain and positive staining for chromogranin. A subsequent cell block of the aspirate and biopsy of the tumour confirmed the cytodiagnosis. Electron microscopic study of the material further demonstrated the presence of neurosecretory granules in the malignant cells. Mastectomy with axillary node dissection was performed and showed no residual or metastatic tumour. No primary tumour was found elsewhere. This case illustrates the importance of needle aspiration cytology in the diagnosis of carcinoid tumour which is very rare in the male breast.
Pericellular lacunae in effusions
Authors: McNeely T. Bruce D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPericellular lacunae are reported to be characteristic of adenocarcinoma cell clusters in cell block preparations of serous effusions. We examined the incidence of lacunae in cell blocks from 24 benign and 31 malignant effusions. The cases were classified as follows: group A with no pericellular lacunae, group B with <50% of cell clusters in lacunae, and group C with >50% of cell clusters in lacunae. Of the malignant effusions, 5% were in group A, 67% were in group B and 29% were in group C. Of the benign effusions, 50% were in group A, 50% were in group B, and 0% were in group C.The pericellular lacuna by itself is not a reliable diagnostic criterion. It could assist, however, in the overall evidence when evaluating a case, particularly if either there are no lacunae seen or the majority of cells are in lacunae. Furthermore, since lacunae are easily visible at low magnification, their recognition may help in screening cell blocks, using their presence to locate cell groups worthy of special attention. Diagn Cytopathol 1993;9:503‐507. © 1993 Wiley‐Uss, Inc.
Negative images due to clofazimine crystals simulating mai infection in a bronchoalveolar lavage specimen
Authors: Silverman Jan F. , Holter John F. , Berns Lisa A. , Benning Timothy L. , Neill James S. A. 
Published: February 2007

Abstract“Negative images” of bacilli in mycobacterial infections have been recently described in air‐dried, Romanovsky‐stained cytologic material. We report a case of negative images due to crystalline deposition of clofazimine, a drug used to treat Mycobacterium avium‐intracellulare complex infection in AIDS patients. The negative images of clofazimine crystals seen in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) macrophages resemble the negative images of mycobacterial infection due to the pseudogaucher appearance of the cells. Crystals are distinguished by their refractile reddish appearance in unfixed, unstained smears, and by their birefringence on polarization. Crystals were found in both Pap‐stained and Diff‐Quik‐stained smears and were negative with Ziehl‐Neelsen stains. Clofazimine crystals in BAL specimens must be distinguished from the pseudogaucher type cells of mycobacterial infection in this patient population. We believe that this is the first report of clofazimine crystal deposition diagnosed in a BAL specimen along with electron microscopic examination of the cytologic material.
Adenomyoepithelioma of the breast: Report of a case initially examined by fine‐needle aspiration
Authors: Birdsong George G. , Bishara Hany M. , Costa Michael J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis report describes the morphologic features of an adenomyoepithelioma of the breast that was first examined by fine‐needle aspiration. On retrospective review of the cytology, the stromal elements of this adenomyoepithelioma showed extensive metachromasia on Diff‐Quik stain, had elongated nuclei, and on Papanicolaou stain showed elongated, pale, wispy cytoplasm. Clusters of stromal cells were usually intimately associated with epithelial elements. While the main differential consideration, cystosarcoma phylloides, can show similar features, it may be possible to distinguish the two lesions in some instances.
Nodular pulmonary amyloidosis: Diagnosis by fine‐needle aspiration cytology and a review of the literature
Authors: Dundore Paul A. , Aisner Seena C. , Templeton Philip A. , Krasna Mark J. , White Charles S. , Seidman Jeffrey D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSolitary nodular pulmonary amyloid tumor is an uncommon benign lesion which is seldom diagnosed prior to surgical extirpation. We present a case of unsuspected nodular pulmonary amyloid tumor diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology. A 52‐yr‐old‐black woman presented with a 3‐cm right middle lobe mass. Percutaneous fine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNA) of the mass revealed waxy amorphous material that demonstrated apple green birefringence on Congo Red Stain. Thoracotomy for diagnosis may be avoided by using FNA to diagnose these unusual lesions.
“Cellular adenomatoid nodules” of the thyroid: Review of 219 fine‐needle aspirates
Authors: Busseniers Anne E. , Oertel Yolanda C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe reviewed 219 consecutive thyroid aspirates previously diagnosed as “cellular adenomatoid nodule.” applying the criteria presented in this paper and reclassifying them as 146 adenomatoid nodules (AN), 31 cellular adenomatoid nodules (CELL‐AN), 29 cellular adenomatoid nodules vs. follicular neoplasms (CELL‐AN vs. FN), 5 follicular neoplasms (FN), 2 FN of oxyphilic cell type, 4 papillary carcinomas, and 2 chronic lymphocytic (Hashimoto's) thyroiditis.Of the 146 adenomatoid nodules, 14 occurred in multinodular goiters on histologic examination. Of the 31 CELL‐AN, five had surgery: two were follicular adenomas, one was papillary carcinoma, and two were multinodular goiters. Of the 29 CELL‐AN vs. FN, 11 had surgery: six were follicular adenomas, two were follicular carcinomas, two were multinodular goiters, and one was Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Surgery on four FN showed follicular adenomas (a fifth patient was lost to follow‐up). Of the two FN of oxyphilic cell type, one was a multinodular goiter and the other a follicular adenoma with oxyphilic cells. Three of the four papillary carcinomas were confirmed histologically (one patient was lost to follow‐up). Of the two cases showing Hashimoto's thyroiditis, one was diagnosed as FN on repeat aspiration and follicular carcinoma at surgery. After review, we identified 40 patients at higher risk of harboring a neoplasm and 31 with cellular adenomatoid nodules. Twenty‐five underwent surgery with the above results. In the classification of follicular lesions of the thyroid by FNA, adherence to strict cytologic criteria helps identify those patients who will benefit most from surgery.
Diagnosis of palpable breast cancer by FNA: A changing role?
Authors: Howell Lydia Pleotis 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEditorial Comments: A vital topic that will impact on cytopathologists doing fine‐needle aspiration is discussed in the following two editorials: “Diagnosis of Palpable Breast t Cancer by FNA: A Changing Role?” by Lydia P. Howell, M.D., and “Occult Breast Lesions and Aspiration Biopsy: A New Challenge” by Shahla Masood, M.D. One concerns the aspiration of palpable lesions and the second, occult; but, the problem is the same in both. Will aspiration biopsy of the breast be replaced by core biopsy? This is already the case in prostatic biopsies. To many, this represents a step backward, particularly in view of the tremendous progress made by aspiration biopsy of the breast. This progress is especially evident in this issue of Diagnostic Cytopathology with an additional six articles covering the cytology of reactive, proliferative, and neoplastic breast diseases in both sexes. To prevent the premature demise of aspiration biopsy of the breast, cytopathologists must firstly, be aware of the situation; secondly, be comfortable in the interpretation of aspiration biopsy; and thirdly, be knowledgeable in the advantages of each procedure. During the coming months, a number of papers will address this critical issue. Let us hear from our readership.
Fine‐needle aspiration cytology diagnosis of non‐hodgkin lymphoma of thyroid: A report of four cases
Authors: Das Dilip K. , Gupta Subhash K. , Francis Issam M. , Ahmed Mahmoud Sayed 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFour cases of non‐Hodgkin lymphoma of thyroid, diagnosed by fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) cytology during a period of 3% yr constituted 0.2% of 1,716 thyroid FNAs and 3.4% of 118 thyroid neoplasms. The age of the patients ranged from 42 to 78 yr with an average of 63 yr and all were females. Three cases had thyroid swellings, and one case had cervical lymphadenopathy and fullness in the thyroid region. The lymphomas were categorized as mixed small and large cell lymphomas, large cell lymphoma, small noncleaved lymphoma (non‐Burkitt‐type), and plasmacytoid lymphoma. Histopathology as well as immunohistochemistry confirmed the cytodiagnosis of lymphoma in the first and fourth cases. In the second case where possibility of anaplastic carcinoma could not be ruled out altogether at initial cytotogic examination, the histopathology report was undifferentiated carcinoma but immunohistochemically it was proved to be a B‐cell neoplasm.
Value of repeat cervical smears at the time of colposcopic biopsy
Authors: Young Nancy A. , Naryshkin Sonya , Bowman Richard L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAt our institution, gynecologists perform Pap smears not only as an initial screening procedure but also at the time of colposcopy and biopsy. We compared the results of initial Papanicolaou (Pap) smears with those taken at colposcopic biopsy to determine if repeating the Pap smear at the time of colposcopy contributed to patient management. We found that repeat colposcopic smears often agreed with the referral smears and biopsies. When there was disagreement, the colposcopic smear was more often a lower grade than the referral smear and correlated best with the biopsy. Both referral and colposcopic smears underestimated the severity of cervical lesions with the same frequency. We could document only 5/414 (1.2%) colposcopic smears that contributed to patient care.
Cytology of cardiac myxomas: Presence of ulex europaeus agglutinin‐I (UEA‐I) lectin by immunoperoxidase staining
Authors: Iwa Nobuzo , Yutani Chikao 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCytological findings are presented of seven cases of cardiac myxomas. Avidin‐biotin‐peroxidase complex (ABC) method was employed to demonstrate Ulex europaeus agglutinin‐I (UEA‐I) lectin in imprint smears as well as in paraffin‐embedded tissue sections in cardiac myxomas.The cytology was characterized by tumor cells with polyhedral or stellate and mucinous background with lymphocytes, neutrophilles, and hemosiderin‐laden machrophages.In smears as well as tissue sections, UEA‐I lectin was detected throughout the cytoplasm of myxoma cells.This study established the applicability of the immunoperoxidase staining for cardiac myxoma as an aid in cytopathological diagnosis.
Fine‐needle aspiration of epithelioid sarcoma
Authors: Goswitz Joseph J. , Kappel Timothy , Klingaman Kathy 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe cytologic appearance of epithelioid sarcoma in fine‐needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) has not been extensively described. The authors report the cytologic findings in one case that metastasized to a lymph node. The cells are characterized by irregular nuclei, nuclear folds, macronucleoli, and a high nucleus‐cytoplasm ratio. The cells vary in shape and occur singly and in clusters where intercellular spaces are uncommon. The findings allow the diagnosis of malignancy but are nonspecific. History, immunocytochemistry, and tissue cores are helpful in the differential diagnosis.
Quantitative analysis of mast cells in testicular aspiration cytology smears in azoospermic males
Authors: Dey Pranab , Ray Ruma 
Published: February 2007

AbstractQuantitative estimation of mast cells was done in testicular aspiration cytology smears of 90 azoospermic males. Cases included normal spermatogenesis (32), Sertoli cell only (38), late maturation arrest (16), and early maturation arrest (4). The pooled number of mast cells in 20 standard fields in Sertoli cell only and late maturation arrest cases were significantly higher than that of normal spermatogenesis (P < .001 and P < .01 respectively). Aggregates of mast cells were found around the seminiferous tubules in Sertoli cell only cases. The findings suggest that increased number of mast cells may be the cause or effect of testicular damage in idiopathic male infertility.
Aspiration cytology of clear‐cell lesions of the parotid gland: Morphologic features and differential diagnosis
Authors: Layfield Lester J. , Glasgow Ben J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractClear‐cell lesions of the parotid gland are uncommon but when studied by fine‐needle aspiration may result in a clinically important but cytologically difficult differential diagnosis. Clear‐cell lesions involving the parotid include acinic cell neoplasm, clear cell oncocytoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma, primary clear‐cell carcinoma, epithelial‐myoepithelial carcinoma, and metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Accurate diagnosis is achieved by assessment of nuclear features, other cell populations present, and clinical data including radiographic studies.
Quality control study on negative gynecological cytology in Mexico
Authors: Lazcano‐Ponce Eduardo Cesar , de Ruiz Patricia Alonso , Lopez‐Carrillo Lizbeth , Vazquez‐Manriquez Maria Eugenia , Hernandez‐Avila Mauricio 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAn external evaluation of the quality of diagnosis of gynecological cytology specimens (Papanicolaou or “Pap” tests) in the Cytopathological Laboratory at the Mexico General Hospital was performed, with evaluation of 6,011 Pap tests randomly selected from 31,378 Pap studies previously reported as negative during 1988–1989. These tests were part of the early detection program for cervical cancer run by the Ministry of Health of Mexico City. A quality index for specimens was constructed based on the presence of endocervical cells, mucus, and squamous metaplastic cells. The index of false negatives for the diagnosis of cervical neoplasm in this sample which correspond to diagnostic error by the examiner was 0.18% (11). The constructed quality index revealed that 64.1% of specimens were low quality. The correlation between diagnostic error and low quality was .87. Results indicate that laboratories participating in early detection programs for cervical cancer in developing countries need to implement (1) external evaluation programs for Pap diagnosis; (2) permanent training programs in registration; and (3) monitoring procedures for collection, fixation, and transportation of cytologic materials. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Papillary‐cystic tumor of the pancreas in a young woman: Fine‐needle aspiration cytology, ultrastructure and DNA analysis
Authors: Skarda Janet S. , Honick Arnold B. , Gibbins Carl S. , Josselson Arnold R. , Rishi Mazhar 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA case of papillary‐cystic tumor (PCT) of the pancreas in a young woman is reported. Fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) was done preoperatively under ultrasound guidance. The aspirate showed numerous delicate papillary fragments, dyscohesive and monomorphic tumor cells with folded nuclear membranes, and foamy macro‐phages. A diagnosis of PCT of the pancreas was made based on clinical, radiologic, and cytologic findings. The patient underwent distal pancreatectomy without complications. The histopathologic examination of the surgical tissue confirmed the diagnosis of PCT of the pancreas. The tumor cells were faintly positive with mucicarmine and periodic acid‐schiff (PAS) stains. Immunocytochemistry using Ki67 monoclonal antibody showed a cycling index of 0.1 percent, supporting the clinical observation of low metastatic and recurrence rates of this rare tumor. DNA analysis of the tumor showed a DNA index of 1.09 (diploid) and an S‐phase fraction of 5.38%. The tumor cells were positive for progestrone receptors (> 15 fmol/mg protein) but negative for estrogen receptors (< 15 fmol/mg protein). Abundant mitochondria, prominent endoplasmic reticulum and few junctional complexes were noted on electron microscopy. Emphasis is placed on accurate diagnosis based on preoperative FNA cytology in order to maximize cure rates while minimizing surgical risk and complications. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Clue helping to distinguish hyalinizing trabecular adenoma from carcinoma of the thyroid in fine‐needle aspirates
Authors: Bondeson Lennart , Bondeson Anne‐Greth 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFine‐needle aspirates from four hyalinizing trabecular thyroid adenomas stained with May‐Grünwald‐Giemsa showed a distinctive component of purplish red stromal deposits corresponding to accumulations of basement membrane material occurring in such tumors. Recognition of these deposits helps to prevent cytologic overdiagnosis of malignancy in this rare benign tumor, which has a number of traits in common with both papillary and medullary carcinoma of the thyroid. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fine‐needle aspiration cytology as a tool for the early detection of testicular relapse of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children
Authors: de Almeida Margarida Mendes , Chagas Mário , de Sousa J. Valen Ça , Mendonça M. Evelina 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of the testis was done in 31 children (33 aspirates) with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) either as part of an end‐therapy protocol (Group I, n = 20) or because of clinical suspicion of testicular relapse (Group II, n = 13). In Group I, none of the smears showed evidence of leukemic cells. However, two of these patients developed subsequent testicular relapse within 1 yr and were considered false‐negative cases. Blast cells were present in nine patients of Group II; in the remaining four patients no neoplastic cells were observed in the smears and none experienced a relapse after a mean follow‐up of 18 mo. Our findings indicate that FNAC can be a valuable method to evaluate clinically suspected testicular infiltration in children with ALL, and can be considered as an alternative procedure to surgical biopsy for screening testicular recurrence of childhood ALL. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Metastatic myxopapillary ependymoma: Report of a case with fine‐needle aspiration findings
Authors: Bardales Ricardo H. , Porter Maria C. , Sawyer Jeffrey R. , Mrak Robert E. , Stanley Michael W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA case of recurrent and metastasizing myxopapillary ependymoma of the sacral region in a 35‐yr‐old man is reported. Fifteen years after the original diagnosis, he presented with an abdominal mass, subcutaneous nodules in the previous surgical excirion line, and bilateral inguinal lymph node enlargement. FNA cytology of the inguinal lymph nodes showed a poorly cohesive, highly cellular smear pattern exhibiting papillary formations and rosette‐like structures composed of slim columnar cells having cytoplasmic processes without evidence of atypia. Histologic and ultrastructural findings confirmed the diagnosis. Chromosomal analysis was also done. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.