bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wideband Polarization‐Insensitive 1‐Bit Phase Manipulations with Co‐and Cross‐Polarized Conversions for LP and CP Waves
Authors: Liu Wei , Dai Jun Yan , Zhang Yan Ming , Sun Meng Ke , Zhang Lei , Li Ya , He Hong Jun , Cui Tie Jun , Cheng Qiang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPolarization and phase manipulations have gained widespread applications across various fields. The emergence of metasurface provides a new platform for the manipulation of electromagnetic waves. However, most metasurfaces are limited to modulating only one single property. Here, a coding metasurface that achieves 1‐bit phase manipulations of both co‐polarized and cross‐polarized reflected waves for linear and circular polarization wave excitations. Notably, the proposed metasurface enables co‐polarized 1‐bit phase responses for incident electric fields with arbitrary orientations and spin directions. The simulated results demonstrate an operating efficiency over −1.7 dB in the frequency range from 7 to 11.1 GHz, with a relative bandwidth of 45.3%. Furthermore, the introduction of space‐polarization coding strategies facilitates the beam and polarization manipulations. To verify the feasibility of the coding metasurface, a sample and conduct experiments are fabricated, revealing good agreement between the simulations and measurements. These findings hold significant promise for the advancement of radar, imaging, and wireless communication systems, with potential applications in various domains.
Rubber Oxygenase Degradation Assay by UV‐Labeling and Gel Permeation Chromatography
Authors: Adjedje Vico K. B. , Wolf Yannick L. , Weissenborn Martin J. , Binder Wolfgang H. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA versatile and robust end‐group derivatization approach using oximes has been developed for the detection of oxidative degradation of synthetic polyisoprenes and polybutadiene. This method demonstrates broad applicability, effectively monitoring degradation across a wide molecular weight range through ultraviolet (UV)‐detection coupled to gel permeation chromatography. Importantly, it enables the effective monitoring of degradation via derivatization‐induced UV‐maximum shifts, even in the presence of an excess of undegraded polyene, overcoming limitations previously reported with refractive index detectors. Notably, this oxime‐based derivatization methodology is used in enzymatic degradation experiments of synthetic polyisoprenes characterized by a cis: trans ratio with the rubber oxygenase LcpK30. It reveals substantial UV absorption in derivatized enzymatic degradation products of polyisoprene with molecular weights exceeding 1000 g mol−1 ‐ an unprecedented revelation for this enzyme's activity on such synthetic polyisoprenes. This innovative approach holds promise as a valuable tool for advancing research into the degradation of synthetic polyisoprenes and polybutadiene, particularly under conditions of low organocatalytic or enzymatic degradation activity. With its broad applicability and capacity to reveal previously hidden degradation processes, it represents a noteworthy contribution to sustainable polymer chemistry.
Trans‐Spinal Theta Burst Magnetic Stimulation in Parkinson's Disease and Gait Disorders
Authors: Menezes Janaína Reis , Nunes Glaucia Aline , Carra Rafael Bernhart , da Silva Simões Juliana , Solla Davi Jorge Fontoura , Oliveira Jussan Rodrigues , Teixeira Manoel Jacobsen , Marcolin Marco Antônio , Barbosa Egberto Reis , Tanaka Clarice , de Andrade Daniel Ciampi , Cury Rubens Gisbert 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundGait disorders in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) can become disabling with disease progression without effective treatment.ObjectivesTo investigate the efficacy of intermittent θ burst trans‐spinal magnetic stimulation (TsMS) in PD patients with gait and balance disorders.MethodsThis was a randomized, parallel, double‐blind, controlled trial. Active or sham TsMS was applied at third thoracic vertebra with 100% of the trans‐spinal motor threshold, during 5 consecutive days. Participants were evaluated at baseline, immediately after last session, 1 and 4 weeks after last session. Primary outcome was Total Timed Up and Go (TUG) values comparing active versus sham phases 1 week after intervention. The secondary outcome measurements consisted of motor, gait and balance scales, and questionnaires for quality of life and cognition.ResultsThirty‐three patients were included, average age 68.5 (6.4) years in active group and 70.3 (6.3) years in sham group. In active group, Total TUG mean baseline was 107.18 (95% CI, 52.1–116.1), and 1 week after stimulation was 93.0 (95% CI, 50.7–135.3); sham group, Total TUG mean baseline was 101.2 (95% CI, 47.1–155.3) and 1 week after stimulation 75.2 (95% CI 34.0–116.4), P = 0.54. Similarly, intervention had no significant effects on secondary outcome measurements. During stimulation period, five patients presented with mild side effects (three in active group and two in sham group).DiscussionTsMS did not significantly improve gait or balance analysis in patients with PD and gait disorders. The protocol was safe and well tolerated. © 2024 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Discrete‐time linear quadratic gaussian control with input delay and Markovian packet dropouts
Authors: Lu Xiao , Cai Yuanyu , Liang Xiao , Sun Hongyu 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis article investigates the finite horizon linear quadratic gaussian (LQG) control problem for networked control systems with two‐way Markovian packet dropouts and input delay, where packet dropouts occur from the sensor to the estimator and from the controller to the actuator, and delay occurs from the controller to the actuator. The novelty of this work lies in providing a complete solution for the optimal control problem subject to two‐way Markovian packet dropouts and input delay. The contributions of this article are as follows: first, by applying the maximum principle to the discrete‐time linear systems and the quadratic cost function involving input delay and Markovian packet dropouts, a solution to the forward and backward stochastic difference equations (FBSDEs) is derived. Second, a sufficient and necessary condition for the optimal control problem is obtained by decoupling the coupled Riccati equations. Finally, the explicit solution of the optimal controller is presented based on the complete square method. Numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the validity of the theoretical results.
Processing–microstructure–fracture toughness relationships in PP/EPDM/SiO2 blend‐nanocomposites: Effect of mixing sequence
Authors: Hajibabazadeh S. , Razavi Aghjeh M. K. , Mazidi M. Mehrabi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the mechanical properties and fracture behavior of polypropylene (PP)‐based blend‐nanocomposites comprising 30 wt.% ethylene–propylene–diene monomer (EPDM) and 5 wt.% SiO2 nanoparticles. Different mixing sequences were employed to prepare the nanocomposites, and the resulting morphology development and dispersion states of modifiers were analyzed. Mechanical performance of the nanocomposites was evaluated through quasi‐static and high‐speed dynamic fracture tests. The dispersion and distribution of SiO2 nanoparticles within the nanocomposites were significantly influenced by the mixing protocol. In impact fracture tests, the presence of nanoparticles exhibited a beneficial efffect on fracture energy, demonstrating a synergistic toughening effect of the soft EPDM and rigid SiO2 particles. Conversely, adverse effects were observed in quasi‐static tests. Essential work of fracture (EWF) parameters indicated an increase in the yielding component and a decrease in the necking‐to‐tearing component with SiO2 incorporation into the PP/EPDM blends. During impact loadings, the highest improvement in crack propagation resistance was observed in nanocomposites with nanoparticles localized around the rubbery domains forming a network‐like structure of EPDM/SiO2‐nanoparticles. Morphologies where rubber domains and nanoparticles were separately distributed in the PP matrix resulted in the lowest fracture parameters. Energy dissipation mechanisms were elucidated, revealing multiple void formation followed by matrix shear yielding as the primary source under both quasi‐static and impact fracture conditions. In the latter case, stress‐concentrating percolated structures in the PP matrix facilitated the nucleation of dilatational bands evolving into highly stretched void‐fibrillar structures upon further loading. These findings contribute valuable insights into tailoring nanocomposite morphologies for enhanced mechanical performance in different loading scenarios.Highlights
Fracture behavior of PP/EPDM/SiO2 ternary systems was evaluated by EWF methodology and Izod impact test.
Rubber particles surrounded by silica nanoparticles led to a percolated morphology and as a result to superior impact resistance.
EWF parameters were mostly controlled by the tearing‐related parts regardless of phase morphology.
The impact toughness was mainly controlled by the dispersion and distribution characteristics of the SiO2 nanoparticles.
Ternary nanocomposite of RAFT‐polymerized DMAEMA‐functionalized graphene oxide, manganese dioxide and polyaniline as active electrode material for supercapacitor
Authors: Moussaei Majid , Haddadi‐Asl Vahid , Ahmadi Hanie 
Published: March 2024

AbstractGraphene and its derivatives are promising energy storage devices due to their high specific surface area, chemical and thermal durability and high charge transfer power. Still, their stacking and aggregate behavior can limit their practical application. To address this issue, reversible addition–fragmentation chain‐transfer (RAFT) polymerization as controlled radical polymerization was applied to functionalize the surface of graphene oxide with poly(N,N‐dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA) via the ‘grafting from’ method. This strategy enhances the distance between graphene sheets by occupying physical volume while improving effective charge transfer through tertiary amine groups participating in the doping process. X‐ray diffraction was used to determine interlayer spacing after polymer grafting, which increased from 0.28 to 1.71 nm after polymer grafting. The hybridization of materials with diverse properties was used to enhance charge transfer capability for supercapacitor applications. PDMAEMA‐functionalized graphene oxide, nano‐manganese dioxide and polyaniline were combined to create a successful nanocomposite as electrode active material. The morphological structure and chemical composition of the synthesized nanocomposite were analyzed, and its electrochemical performance was evaluated using cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge–discharge and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The nanocomposite exhibited a maximum specific capacitance, energy density and power density of 364.72 F g−1 (at a scan rate of 50 mV s−1), 239.08 Wh kg−1 and 678.34 W kg−1, respectively. The final nanocomposite's energy storage capacity significantly increased compared to the individual components due to hybridization's synergistic impact, reducing charge transfer resistance. © 2024 Society of Industrial Chemistry.
Unveiling the molecular complexity of intestinal ischemia–reperfusion injury through omics technologies
Authors: Alicehajic Anja , Duivenvoorden Annet Adriana Maria , Lenaerts Kaatje 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntestinal ischemia–reperfusion injury (IR) is implicated in various clinical conditions and causes damage to the intestinal epithelium resulting in intestinal barrier loss. This presents a substantial clinical challenge, emphasizing the importance of gaining a comprehensive understanding of molecular events to aid in the identification of novel therapeutic targets. This review systematically explores the extent to which omics technologies—transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and metagenomics—have already contributed to deciphering the molecular mechanisms contributing to intestinal IR injury, in in vivo and in vitro animal and human models, and in clinical samples. Recent breakthroughs involve applying omics methodologies on exosomes, organoids, and single cells, shedding light on promising avenues and valuable targets to reduce intestinal IR injury. Future directions aimed at expediting clinical translation are discussed as well and include multi‐omics data integration to facilitate the identification of key regulatory nodes driving intestinal IR injury and advancing human organoid models based on the novel insights by single‐cell omics technologies, offering hope for clinical application of therapeutic strategies in the years to come.
A review: From the whole process of making thermal conductive polymer, the effective method of improving thermal conductivity
Authors: Wu Xinheng , Zhang Xiaoyu , Yan Xixian , Zhang Chi , Zhang Yuqing , Li Peiyao , Li Ning , Liu Hailong , Wang Zhongwei 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWith the development of high power‐density electronic devices on smaller scales and emerging new energy vehicles, high thermal conductive materials have attracted more attention for better thermal management to adapt to various applications. By combining both the advantages of polymer materials and thermally conductive fillers, thermal conductive polymer composite materials are widely used in packaging and the protection of electronic devices for their mechanical robustness, high thermal conductivity, excellent insulation properties, heat resistance, and chemical resistance. In this review, first, the basic theory of heat conduction of polymer composites is discussed. Second, according to the classification of the composition of the thermal conductive polymer, the filled thermal conductive material is emphatically introduced. In this paper, the construction process of a thermal conductive network of polymer and composites is discussed from the perspective of processing. The simple construction of a thermal conductive network includes core‐shell structure, external force orientation, electrostatic spinning, electrostatic spraying, induced orientation, and vacuum‐assisted filtration. The three‐dimensional thermal conductivity network can be constructed using self‐assembly and template methods. From the above processing methods, this paper analyzes how to effectively improve thermal conductivity and achieve the goal of high thermal conductivity and excellent mechanical properties under low filling. After that, the contribution of filler and polymer modification to thermal conductivity is explained in detail. Finally, the future research direction of functionalization is prospected.
Expression and functional analysis of a recombinant aquaporin Z from Antarctic Pseudomonas sp. AMS3
Authors: Balakrishnan S. , Rahman R. N. Z. R. A. , Noor N. D. M. , Latip W. , Ali M. S. M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAquaporin (AQP) is a water channel protein from the family of transmembrane proteins which facilitates the movement of water across the cell membrane. It is ubiquitous in nature, however the understanding of the water transport mechanism, especially for AQPs in microbes adapted to low temperatures, remains limited. AQP also has been recognized for its ability to be used for water filtration, but knowledge of the biochemical features necessary for its potential applications in industrial processes has been lacking. Therefore, this research was conducted to express, extract, solubilize, purify, and study the functional adaptations of the aquaporin Z family from Pseudomonas sp. AMS3 via molecular approaches. In this study, AqpZ1 AMS3 was successfully subcloned and expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3) as a recombinant protein. The AqpZ1 AMS3 gene was expressed under optimized conditions and the best optimized condition for the AQP was in 0.5 mM IPTG incubated at 25°C for 20 h induction time. A zwitterionic mild detergent [(3‐cholamidopropyl) dimethylammonio]‐1‐propanesulfonate was the suitable surfactant for the protein solubilization. The protein was then purified via affinity chromatography. Liposome and proteoliposome was reconstituted to determine the particle size using dynamic light scattering. This information obtained from this psychrophilic AQP identified provides new insights into the structural adaptation of this protein at low temperatures and could be useful for low temperature application and molecular engineering purposes in the future.
Imidazolium based Ionic liquid Anchored over Dendritic Mesoporous Silica Nanospheres possessing a Magnetic Core as an Efficient and Recyclable Base Catalyst
Authors: Agarwal Archana , Surabhi  , Gupta Padmini , Dhama Manjeet , Rani Swati , Mozumdar Subho 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this study, Magnetic core‐shell dendritic mesoporous silica nanospheres immobilized with imidazolium‐based di‐cationic ionic liquid (Fe3O4@SiO2@DSiO2‐Im‐IL) possessing a large surface area and numerous active site for adsorption of various molecules to carry out organic transformations have been successfully developed. The synthesized nanocatalyst was found to be easily recyclable by applying external magnetic force. The structure, morphology, thermal stability, and magnetic behavior of the synthesized magnetic nanocatalyst were confirmed by different physiochemical techniques like FT‐IR, P‐XRD, FE‐SEM, TGA, VSM, BET, and TEM analysis. The efficiency of the developed heterogeneous nanocatalyst has been investigated for the green synthesis of numerous benzopyran derivatives by employing different aldehydes and active methylene compounds. The catalyst exhibits marvellous activity and efficiency in terms of high product yield, less catalyst use, and wide substrate scope even at room temperature. Finally, after the successful formation of the product, the catalyst was regenerated by utilizing an external magnetic field. The catalyst has been reused multiple times without any noteworthy loss in its activity which confirms the stability of the developed catalyst. The preparation of the catalyst is cost‐effective, and shows atom economy with the utilization of green solvent and without any waste production, which authenticates that it could be a greener pathway for the synthesis of the benzopyran derivatives.
A Glycerol promoted, regioselective synthesis of 6‐aryl substituted Imidazo[2,1‐b]thiazole and imidazo[2,1‐b]‐1,3,4‐thiadiazole through a one‐step domino process under green conditions
Authors: Baranwal Jyoti , Kushwaha Smriti , Singh Swastika 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this study, we present a strategy for synthesizing Imidazo[2,1‐b]thiazole and Imidazo[2,1‐b][1,3,4]thiadiazole in a single step with high efficiency. Glycerol is utilized as a sustainable solvent, offering both economic and non‐toxic properties to facilitate the selective formation of these compounds. The reaction entails a stepwise formation of C−N bonds. Key benefits of this approach include its environmentally conscious reaction conditions, simplicity in execution, cost‐effectiveness, short reaction times, high product yields, solvent reusability, and overall sustainability.
Solvent Free, Selective Oxidation of Styrene Catalyzed by Cobalt Acylpyrazolone Supported onto Neutral Alumina: Synthesis and Spectral Characterization
Authors: Vala Grishma , Puranik Aditya A. , Jadeja Rajendrasinh N. , Choquesillo‐Lazarte Duane 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe present work describes the synthesis of the Cobalt acylpyrazolone complex supported over neutral alumina and its use as a heterogeneous catalyst for selective oxidation of styrene. The catalyst mentioned here was characterized by various physicochemical techniques such as FT‐IR, TGA, CV, SCXRD, PXRD and BET. This heterogeneous catalyst has successfully been used to oxidize styrene to benzaldehyde in a solvent‐free condition with good conversion (87 %) and high selectivity (90 %) using H2O2 and TBHP as oxidants. The effects of the reaction parameters (catalyst concentration, reaction duration, and temperature) have also been investigated. The existing complex was discovered to be recyclable and sustainable with no change in conversion or selectivity for benzaldehyde. FT‐IR spectra of the regenerated catalyst indicated that the catalyst was undegraded and stable after the reaction. The novel feature of the current work reported in this paper is the selective oxidation of styrene without the need for solvents under mild conditions. Single Crystal Analysis.
N−SO3H Functionalised Brønsted Acidic Ionic Liquid Catalysed Sequential One‐Pot Synthesis of 2‐Amino‐3‐Cyanopyridines via Claisen‐Schmidt Condensation Under Solvent‐free Condition
Authors: Das Sukanya , Paul Subham , Kashyap Niharika , Saikia Pinku , Borah Ruli 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis work presents a simple approach for the synthesis of 2‐amino‐3‐cyanopyridines via a one pot two‐step sequential route catalysed by direct N‐−SO3H functionalised Brønsted acidic ionic liquids (BAILs). Herein, catalytic activities of four BAILs namely ([TSPi][Cl]2, [DSIM][TFA], [EDSIM][TFA] and [DBDSA][TFA]) were explored and among them [TSPi][Cl]2was found to be the most efficient reusable homogeneous catalyst. This process involves the ionic liquid catalysedin situgeneration of chalcones from Claisen‐Schmidt condensation between aromatic aldehydes and acetophenone/4‐Cl acetophenone, followed by multicomponent reaction (MCR) with malononitrile and ammonium acetate using the same IL catalyst to selectively produce 2‐amino‐3‐cyanopyridine derivatives in a solvent‐free medium at 80 °C within 30–60 minutes in high yields (96–86 %). This amalgamation of MCR with ionic liquids and solvent‐free conditions makes the present work more compliant with the protocols of Green Chemistry.
Saccharomyces cerevisiaeBioactive Metabolites: Characterization and Biological Activities
Authors: Hathout Amal S. , Ghareeb Mosad A. , Abdel‐Nasser Aya , Abu‐Sree Yehia 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to extract bioactive secondary metabolites, determine volatile organic compounds, and polyphenols using GC/MS and LC/MS, and assess their total phenolic content, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic properties. The chemical analysis ofS. cerevisiaeNRLL Y‐12633 ethyl acetate extract revealed eight volatile organic components, whereas the main component was phenyl ethyl alcohol (77.39 %). On the other hand, nineteen volatile organic compounds were identified in the ethyl acetate extract ofS. cerevisiaeNRRL Y‐1089, whereas the most critical component was 2, 3‐butanediol (60.74 %). The most abundant phenolic acids were syringic acid (25476.46 ng/mL), and cinnamic acid (5163.76 ng/mL) in the ethyl acetate extracts ofS. cerevisiaeNRLL Y‐12633 andS. cerevisiaeNRRL Y‐1089 respectively. Flavonoid, naringenin, was also found in the ethyl acetate extract ofS. cerevisiaeNRLL Y‐12633, whereas daidzein and rutin were detected in the ethyl acetate extract ofS. cerevisiaeNRRL Y‐1089. The total phenolic content ofS. cerevisiaeNRRL Y‐12633 ethyl acetate extract was found to be greater than that ofS. cerevisiaeNRRL Y‐1089 ethyl acetate extract. Data revealed thatS. cerevisiaeethyl acetate extracts displayed antioxidant and antimicrobial activity, whereas only the ethyl acetate extract ofS. cerevisiaeNRRL Y‐1089 showed anticancer activity.