bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of game-based exercises on upper extremity muscle strength, tactile gnosia, and functionality: A randomized controlled study
Authors: Kilicoglu Emine Arslan , Unuvar Bayram Sonmez 
Published: February 2025

Background Upper extremity rehabilitation often involves exercises aimed at improving muscle strength, tactile gnosia, and functionality. Game-based exercises (GBE) have emerged as a novel approach to rehabilitation, offering engaging activities that may enhance patient motivation and compliance. Objective This randomized controlled study aimed to investigate the effect of GBE on upper extremity muscle strength, tactile gnosia, and functionality. Methods Participants were randomly assigned to either GBE group (n = 20) or control group (CG) (n = 20). The GBE group engaged in game-based exercises twice a week for six weeks, while the CG received no intervention. Upper extremity muscle strength was assessed using a Jamar Hand Dynamometer for grip strength and a Hydraulic Pinch Gauge for pinch strength assessments. Tactile gnosia was assessed using the Static Two-Point Discrimination (2PD) Threshold test. Functionality was assessed using the Nine-Hole Peg Test (9HPT). Results The GBE group showed a significant increase in grip strength (p < .001) and pinch strength (p < .001) compared to baseline, while no significant changes were observed in the CG. Additionally, the GBE group demonstrated a significant improvement in tactile gnosia as assessed by the 2PD test (p < .001). Furthermore, a significant improvement in functionality, as indicated by decreased 9HPT completion times, was observed in the GBE Group (p < .001). Conclusions Game-based exercises have a positive effect on upper extremity muscle strength, tactile gnosia, and functionality. These findings suggest that incorporating GBE into rehabilitation programs may be beneficial for individuals seeking to improve upper extremity function. Further research with larger sample sizes and longer durations is recommended to validate these findings and explore their long-term effects.
Nursing students’ pain management self-efficacy and attitudes toward pain assessment
Authors: Gülnar Emel , Bıyık Bayram Şule , Çalışkan Nurcan 
Published: February 2025

Background How well nurses assess pain depends on their knowledge, behavior, attitude, self-efficacy, and clinical decision-making skills. Objective This paper investigated nursing students’ pain management self-efficacy and attitudes toward pain assessment. Methods This descriptive study was conducted in three public universities in Türkiye between March and June 2023. The sample consisted of 484 nursing students. Data were collected using a personal information form, the Attitude Towards Pain Assessment Scale (ATPAS), and the Pain Management Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (PMSEQ). Results Participants had a mean PMSEQ and ATPAS score of 72.03 ± 17.13 and 59.61 ± 8.66, respectively. Fourth graders had significantly higher mean PMSEQ and ATPAS scores than other grades. Participants who had received training in pain management before had significantly higher mean PMSEQ and ATPAS scores than those who had not. Participants who always encountered patients in pain had significantly higher mean PMSEQ and ATPAS scores than those who did not. Participants who used pain scales had significantly higher mean PMSEQ and ATPAS scores than those who did not. Participants who always assessed pain had significantly higher mean PMSEQ and ATPAS scores than those who did not. Participants who believed pain assessment was absolutely necessary had significantly higher mean PMSEQ and ATPAS scores than those who did not. There was a weak positive correlation between PMSEQ and ATPAS scores. Conclusion Nursing students have compatible pain assessment self-efficacy and positive attitudes toward pain assessment. As nursing students become more capable of assessing pain, they develop more positive attitudes toward it.
The neck flexion angle increases with difficulty of tasks performed on a smartphone
Authors: Arii Hironori , Tazawa Masayuki , Ibe Yoko , Nakao Yumiko , Toyama Risa , Miyashita Keisuke , Wada Naoki 
Published: February 2025

Background In recent years, smartphones have become popular worldwide and are used in daily life. Consequently, the musculoskeletal discomfort associated with smartphone use has become a problem. Neck pain, also known as text neck syndrome, develops due to neck flexion posture. Objective The present study determined how the neck flexion angle increases with the difficulty of a task performed on a smartphone. This study also assessed the factors associated with the neck flexion angle while using a smartphone. Methods Subjects were 24 healthy adults. Using the VICON motion analysis system, neck flexion angles while using a smartphone were measured under three conditions: normal standing (control), standing while watching a video (watching), and standing while typing (typing). Results The neck flexion angles (mean ± standard deviation) were 0.71 ± 7.05° for the control, 26.02 ± 6.28° for watching, and 30.52 ± 7.83° for typing, indicating a significant difference (p < 0.001). Significant differences were also observed between the control-watching, control-typing, and watching-typing conditions (p < 0.001). A correlation was found between average daily smartphone usage time and the neck flexion angle of typing (r = 0.531, p = 0.008). Conclusions The neck flexion angle increased with the difficulty of the task performed on the smartphone. People with a longer average daily smartphone usage time were more likely to adopt a neck flexion posture while using their smartphones than those with a shorter average usage.
The effects of workplace violence and work-to- family conflict on job engagement of nurses: A multilevel longitudinal research
Authors: Mehtap Özge , Kökalan Özgür 
Published: February 2025

Background Workplace violence in hospitals has been a longstanding concern, and in recent years, it has been on the rise. This research specifically examines this issue as it pertains to nurses. The violence they encounter and the work-family conflict (WFC) resulting from the difficulties in their work environment both play roles in diminishing their work engagement. Objective The aim of this study is to reveal the impact of workplace violence (WV) and WFC on the work engagement (WE) of nurses by conducting a longitudinal research design. Methods Convenience sampling was used. The study includes 52 nurses working in a private hospital in the province of Kocaeli. Participants were required to fill out daily-level surveys at the conclusion of each workday for continuous period of 5 days. A daily short form of Utrecht Employment Engagement Scale (UWES), daily Work to Family Conflict Scale developed by Netemeyer, Boles & McMurrian in 1996, and Workplace Violence Scale was developed by Chen et al. in 2004 were used to form questionnarie. Cronbach's alpha score for scales across 5 consecutive days ranged from .70 to 0.76. All scales were accepted as reliable. Result Correlation results showed that WV and WFC had a significant relation with WE. It is also seen that there is a positive association between WV and WFC. WV and WFC are supported to negatively affect WE of nurses Conclusion Health care institutions should develop practices that will reduce workplace violence and eliminate the causes of workplace violence.
Psychosocial impact and rehabilitation strategies for basketball-related injuries: SEM-PLS analysis
Authors: Yao Zhihong , Al-Hashimy Hisham Noori Hussain , Yao Jinfang 
Published: February 2025

Background This study explores the psychosocial impact of sports-related injuries on elite basketball players and their search for psychological and counselling support. Objective The objective is to examine how injuries affect athletes’ mental well-being, their attitudes toward received support, and their use of psychological interventions. Methods A phenomenological approach, analysed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM), was applied to data from 253 elite Turkish basketball players, including active and retired athletes. A structured questionnaire was administered to gather the data. Results The results show that while athletes seek individual psychological support, they often feel neglected by their clubs, leading to insecurity and helplessness. Many report dissatisfaction with the mental health services provided by their organisations. Conclusions The study recommends integrating sports psychologists and counsellors within clubs, promoting mental health awareness, and forming interdisciplinary teams to address this. Holistic sports education programs that foster psychological resilience and emotional regulation are also advised. Further research is needed to assess the long-term effects of interventions and the role of organizational support on athletes’ mental well-being.
Trend analysis of occupational accidents during 2013–2020 based on various characteristics in Turkey
Authors: Isik Volkan , Isikhan Selen Yilmaz 
Published: February 2025

Background This study analyzes the role of factors such as gender, age, and work experience on occupational accidents and the sectoral variations in Turkey with official statistics. Objective The specific aim of this study is to provide an epidemiological basis for gender, age, sector, and professional experience-specific work-related accident prevention programs. Methods Turkish Social Security Institution's official secondary dataset was considered for 2013 and later because of a change in the official calculation method of the Institution in 2013. Trend analysis was used by using the Mann-Kendall Test to determine the trend in occupational accidents based on time and work experience (month-year). Results In the eight sectors considered between 2013 and 2020, including construction, manufacturing, transport, mining, communication, health, electricity, and agriculture, 82% of injured workers were men, with the most accidents occurring in the 25–34 age group (33%). Manufacturing had the highest number of accidents (58.5%), followed by construction (19.4%). Occupational diseases were most common in manufacturing, affecting 73% of men and 63% of women. Accidents occurred mainly in men aged 25–34 (34.2%) and women aged 35–44 (29.3%). Occupational diseases showed a positive, statistically significant trend as work experience increased (p < 0.05). A positive and statistically significant trend was detected in occupational accidents from 2013 to 2020 (Tau = 0.786, p = 0.009). Conclusions In countries like Turkey, where informal employment obscures occupational accidents, trend analysis helps increase their visibility. However, discovering that gender, age, and work experience are key factors in sector-specific accidents is crucial for improving safety and developing prevention programs.
Exploring safety risk factors temporal combination path of metro construction projects: A temporal qualitative comparative analysis in China
Authors: Wu Xiuyu , Dong Shaoqing , Li Yuan 
Published: February 2025

Background The diverse safety risk factors and their complex correlations in metro construction projects are important reasons for frequent safety accidents. However, existing studies have not yet explained fully the relationship among safety risk factors from the perspective of the sequence of factors. Objective The main objective of this study is to explore the temporal combination path of safety risk factors of metro construction projects. Methods The data are 80 metro safety accidents collected manually from the websites of government departments where the accidents occurred covering 18 provinces in China from 2007 to 2023. Grounded theory analysis was used to extract safety risk factors from accident reports, and temporal qualitative comparative analysis (TQCA) was used to explore the temporal combination path of safety risk factors. Results There are two kinds of temporal combination paths of safety risk factors for severe safety accidents, i.e., “environmental risk - equipment risk- management risk” and “management risk - environmental risk - equipment risk - worker operational risk”. While there are five kinds of temporal combination paths of safety risk factors for general safety accidents, namely “management risk - equipment risk”, “management risk - worker operational risk”, “worker operational risk - management risk”, “equipment risk - management risk - worker operational risk”, “environmental risk - management risk - worker operational risk”. Conclusions There is a typical temporal combination path of safety risk factors in metro construction safety accidents. These findings suggest that safety accidents can be effectively prevented by cutting off the path of safety risk factors.
Psychosocial demands of subordinate work in delivery platform companies: Control procedures and effects on the health of delivery workers
Authors: Siqueira Janaína Santos de , Lima Francisco de Paula Antunes , Pena Paulo Gilvane Lopes , Diniz Eugênio Paceli Hatem , Werneck Guilherme Loureiro , Fernandes Rita de Cássia Pereira 
Published: February 2025

Background The management of precarious work of delivery workers (DW) by delivery platform companies (DPC) incorporates technologies that deepen the subordination of this workforce. The demands placed on DW to carry out their tasks can compromise their health. Objective To analyze the contradictory demands of work subordinated to DPC and their repercussions on health, as opposed to the regulation strategies adopted by DW to prevent illnesses and accidents. Methods A situated analysis of the activity of DW was carried out based on the assumptions of Ergonomic Work Analysis in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, in 2022. General and systematic observations were carried out, emphasizing the tasks of waiting for and receiving delivery orders and collecting goods, as well as self-confrontation interviews with DW. Results DPC are new spaces for the exploitation and precariousness of work, still operating without regulation. DPC use technology to restrict decision-making and intensify work. This increases insecurity by reducing the spaces for regulation in the face of the unpredictability of street work and the pressure of low remuneration. Consequently, there are psychosocial and physical demands associated with work accidents and illness. Conclusion Expanding the autonomy of these workers in terms of managing their own work and eliminating mechanisms that promote its intensification are measures required to prevent accidents and illness.
Assessment of mental workload states in monitors using functional near-infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Wang Yuzhen , Yu Ruifeng , Shi Tongyu 
Published: February 2025

Background As technology develops rapidly and complex systems become more widespread, the study of mental workload (MWL) for monitors has become increasingly important. Objective To explore the signaling features of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) in different MWL states. Methods Twenty participants performed the N-back task and fNIRS data were collected to measure changes in blood oxygenation levels in the prefrontal cortex. Additionally, performance metrics and NASA Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) questionnaire results were recorded. Results NASA-TLX scores increased progressively from 0-back ( M = 8.750) to 1-back ( M = 34.792), 2-back ( M = 52.292), and 3-back ( M = 75.625). Significant differences were observed in oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO) concentrations ( F3, 57 = 10.557, p < 0.001) across these tasks. HbO increased from 0-back ( M = -0.008) to 1-back ( M = -0.002) and 2-back ( M = -0.001), but decreased to 3-back ( M = -0.002). Channels CH16, CH17, and CH18, located in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), were significantly activated in the 1-back, 2-back, and 3-back conditions. CH1 and CH2, which are located in the right DLPFC, showed significant activation in both the 2-back and 3-back tasks. Conclusions Our results showed that different levels of the N-back tasks triggered different MWL states. Significant differences in HbO concentrations and activated channels were observed across tasks with varying MWLs. HbO followed an “inverted U” pattern, increasing as the MWL shifted from underload to normal, and subsequently decreasing as it reached overload. Additionally, the left DLPFC was activated earlier than the right DLPFC, with the latter gradually engaging as the MWL increased. This study provides valuable insights into the assessment of MWL states.
Low back activity confidence scale: Cross-cultural adaptation, reliability, and validity of the Turkish version in individuals with non-specific low back pain
Authors: Arikan Halime , Çoban Tuğçe 
Published: February 2025

Background The Low Back Activity Confidence Scale (LoBACS) was developed to evaluate self-efficacy in individuals with low back pain (LBP). Objective This study aimed to assess the psychometric properties of Turkish version of LoBACS in individuals with non-specific LBP. Methods The study included 105 participants (66 female, 39 male) with a mean age of 40.94 ± 14.65 years. The cultural adaptation and psychometric evaluation of LoBACS followed international standards and COSMIN guidelines. Reliability was assessed using the Cronbach's α and Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). Structural validity was tested with Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Pearson correlation analysis examined the relationships between LoBACS and the Waddell Disability Index (WDI), Modified Oswestry Disability Index (MODI), Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ), International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), Short Form-36 (SF-36), Fear Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ), and Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Results The Turkish version of LoBACS showed high reliability (ICC = 0.850, Cronbach's α = 0.919). CFA and fit indices supported its validity. Correlations between LoBACS and other measures ranged from −0.192 to 0.542. No floor or ceiling effects were noted. Conclusion The Turkish version of LoBACS is a reliable and valid tool for assessing self-efficacy in individuals with non-specific LBP, suitable for both research and clinical settings.
Incidence and Factors Associated With Nonunion following Naviculocuneiform Joint Arthrodesis
Authors: Kim Jaeyoung , Sadlowski Max , Vier David , Reddy Veerabhadra , Royer Christian , Brodsky James , Zide Jacob 
Published: February 2025

Background: Nonunion following naviculocuneiform (NC) joint arthrodesis is a well-recognized complication. Most studies reporting nonunion rates involve a limited number of cases or focus on a single disease entity. Moreover, there is variation between studies with regard to the number of articular facets included in the arthrodesis as well as the fixation construct used, with no clear evidence indicating how these factors influence union. This study, using the largest cohort to date, aims to investigate the nonunion rate following NC joint arthrodesis and to identify demographic and surgical factors associated with nonunion. Methods: One hundred ten feet in 100 patients who underwent NC joint arthrodesis between 2016 and 2023 at a single institution were retrospectively identified. The indications for surgery included osteoarthritis (n = 89), deformity (n = 10, flatfoot or cavus), and rheumatoid arthritis (n = 11). Charcot arthropathy was excluded. Nonunions were defined by radiographic review and were further categorized as symptomatic or asymptomatic. Demographic and surgical factors, including isolated medial NC facet vs multiple NC facet arthrodesis, fixation construct, concurrent arthrodesis of other joints, and type of bone graft used, were included in the regression analysis to determine their association with nonunion. Results: The overall nonunion rate was 27.3% (30/110 cases), with 15.5% (17 cases) presenting as symptomatic nonunions. There were no significant differences in the nonunion rates among different indications for NC arthrodesis ( P = .9404). A statistically significant difference in nonunion rates was observed between patients undergoing isolated medial facet arthrodesis (38.2%) and those undergoing multiple facet arthrodesis (16.4%, P = .0102). After performing multivariate analysis adjusted for potential confounders, age (OR 1.08, 95% CI: 1.0-1.16, P = .0456), diabetes (OR 12.70, 95% CI: 1.24-130.3, P = .0324), and isolated medial NC facet arthrodesis (OR 17.48, 95% CI: 3.23-94.54, P = .0009) were significantly associated with nonunion. No significant association with nonunion was identified based on the type of bone graft, fixation construct, or whether concurrent arthrodesis of adjacent foot joints was performed. Conclusion: This study demonstrates a significant rate of nonunion following NC joint arthrodesis, exceeding that previously reported. We found that the rate of nonunion significantly increased in arthrodeses involving only the medial NC facet as compared to those including multiple NC facets.
The effect of Bevacizumab treatment on the incidence of hypertension in patients with ovarian cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyan , Hu Jumei , Fan Xijing , Chen Qiaoqiao , Zheng Danjun , Huang Minjuan , Xu Yuanqing 
Published: February 2025

Introduction This study aims to evaluate the effect of bevacizumab treatment on the incidence of hypertension in patients with ovarian cancer. Methods A comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases was conducted until August 2024. We included only randomized clinical trials that compared ovarian cancer patients treated with Bevacizumab to those treated with other therapies. The primary outcome was the relative risk (RR) of developing hypertension, stratified by grade. Statistical analyses were performed using a random-effects model to account for heterogeneity between studies. Subgroup analyses were conducted based on hypertension severity (grade ≥2 and grade ≥3) and disease stage. Sensitivity analyses and publication bias assessments were also performed. Results A total of 11 randomized trials were included, comprising 5212 patients. The meta-analysis revealed that patients receiving Bevacizumab had a significantly higher risk of hypertension compared to controls (RR = 2.91, 95% CI: 1.65–5.16, P = 0.0002). Subgroup analysis showed that the risk of grade ≥2 hypertension was 1.68 times higher (95% CI: 0.92–3.07), and grade ≥3 hypertension was 5.10 times higher (95% CI: 2.46–10.55) in the Bevacizumab group. Sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of these findings, and no significant publication bias was detected. Conclusion Bevacizumab treatment in ovarian cancer significantly increases the risk of hypertension, particularly severe hypertension (grade ≥3). These findings underscore the need for vigilant blood pressure monitoring and management in patients receiving Bevacizumab to mitigate cardiovascular complications and optimize treatment outcomes.