bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanical properties of epoxy- and dicyclopentadiene-based carbon-fiber-reinforced plastics at low temperature
Authors: Fujiwara Takashi , Daoyuan Che , Liang Yao , Takeuchi Masaki , Nishioka Naoki , Okayasu Mitsuhiro 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

In this study, the material properties of carbon-fiber-reinforced polymers (CFRPs) at room and low temperatures (at 20°C and − 196°C) were examined, where the mechanical properties and failure characteristics of two types of CFRP with thermoset resins (epoxy (E) and dicyclopentadiene (D)) were used. For the low-temperature tests, the mechanical properties were investigated using an originally designed testing system, where the mechanical properties were examined in a container, made of styrofoam, filled with liquid nitrogen (LN). LN was supplied automatically as the amount of LN decreased, where the level of LN was monitored using a capacitance sensor. The bending and fatigue strengths of both CFRPs were enhanced at -196°C compared with those at 20°C due to high internal strain at low temperature. Furthermore, the high creep strength was detected for D-CFRP at -196°C compared to that for E-CFRP. This could be attributed to the high ductility of D-CFRP. In particular, the bending stress of E-CFRP dropped suddenly during the static bending loading, which could be affected by the delamination between epoxy and carbon fiber, although the D-CFRP sample was highly strained during the loading process without severe delamination. This could be attributed to the high wettability between dicyclopentadiene and carbon. Details of the wettability and the above material properties of both CFRPs were analyzed in this paper.
Influence of Serum Lipid Levels on the Retinal Neural Tissue in Diabetes
Authors: Mushiga Yasuaki , Nagai Norihiro , Ozawa Yoko 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging can detect subtle changes in the retinal neural structure. However, interpreting data based on pathogenesis remains incomplete. Forty-one eyes of 41 participants (23 men, mean age 49.1±8.3) including control and diabetic patients with or without diabetic retinopathy (DR) were analyzed. Mean macular volumes of ganglion cell layer (GCL) (P=0.023) and inner retinal layer (IRL) (P=0.013) were smaller in the diabetes mellitus (DM) without DR group than in the control group, with no significant difference between the DM with DR and control groups. Mean serum malondialdehyde-modified low-density lipoprotein (MDA-LDL) levels were higher in the DM without DR (P=0.046) and with DR (P=0.021) groups than in the control group. The macular volume of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and IRL exhibited a trend; and GCL showed a negative correlation with serum LDLcholesterol (LDLC) levels in the control group (P=0.060, 0.052, and 0.005, respectively). However, in the DR group, the volumes showed positivecorrelations with LDLC levels (P=0.002, 0002, and 0034, respectively). RNFL (P<0.001) and IRL (P=0.006) volumes positively correlated with MDA-LDL in the DR group. Diabetic changes in the macular volume of the inner retina may be attributed to neural cell loss and abnormal lipid deposits.
Identification of BCL11A, NTN5, and OGN as diagnosis biomarker of papillary renal cell carcinomas by bioinformatic analysis
Authors: Haghshenas¹ Zahra , Fathi Sina , Ahmadzadeh Alireza , Nazari Elham 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The prevalence of papillary renal cell carcinomas is estimated to be between 10% and 15. At this time, there is no effective therapeutic approach available for patients with advanced PRCCs. The molecular biomarkers associated with PRCC diagnoses have been rarely studied compared to renal clear cell carcinomas, therefore it is imperative that novel molecular biomarkers be identified to aid in the early identification of this disease. Bioinformatics and artificial intelligence technologies have become increasingly important in the search for diagnostic biomarkers for early cancer detection. In this study, three genes, BCL11A, NTN5, and OGN, were identified as diagnostic biomarkers using the TCGA database and deep learning techniques. To identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs), RNA expression profiles of PRCC patients were analyzed using a machine learning approach. A number of molecular pathways and co-expressions of DEGs have been analyzed, and a correlation between DEGs and clinical data has been determined. Diagnostic markers were then determined via machine learning analysis. The 10 genes selected with the highest Variable Importance value (more than 0.9) were further investigated and six of them were upregulated (BCL11A, NTN5, SEL1L3, SKA3, TAPBP, SEMA6A) and four were downregulated (OGN, ADCY4, SMOC2, CCL23). A combined ROC curve analysis revealed that the BCL11A-NTN5-OGN genes, which have specificity and sensitivity values of 0.968 and 0.901 respectively, can be used as a diagnostic biomarker for PRCC. In general, the genes introduced in this study may be able to be used as diagnostic biomarkers for the early diagnosis of PRCC and thus provide the possibility of early treatment and preventing the progression of the disease.
Specialized critical care ultrasound training in critical care medicine education: a prospective single-center observational study with pre-post evaluations
Authors: Hui Wang , Shanshan Zhai , Yongyi Chen , Jun Duan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
The widespread use of critical care ultrasound (CCUS) for the management of patients in intensive care units (ICUs) requires effective training. The effectiveness of long-term, specialized CCUS training courses is unclear. This study describes a simulation-based, 6-month CCUS training program and evaluates its efficacy.
Methods
Seven consecutive CCUS courses, totaling 164 participants, were studied. The 6-month CCUS training comprised didactic lectures, pathological image interpretation, hands-on modules with stimulators/live models, and clinical CCUS use, including performing CCUS on needed patients and case analysis. Echocardiography and pulmonary, renal, vascular and craniocerebral ultrasound were performed. Satisfaction, theoretical/operational performance, comprehensive ultrasound application in clinical practice, and the influence of ultrasound training on clinical outcomes were assessed pre- and post-training by the Kirkpatrick Level 4 Model.
Results
More than 90% of the trainees reported “agree” or “strongly agree” to all survey questions. After ultrasound training, all the trainees significantly improved their theoretical examination, abnormal image interpretation and operational skills (all P < 0.05). The trainees' practical ultrasound application ability significantly improved (case assessment: 76 (72, 84) vs. 48 (38, 55); case analysis score: 21 (17, 26) vs. 11 (8, 15); image interpretation: 16 (13, 18) vs. 4 (2,7); all P < 0.05). Of 956 CCUSs, 415 yielded new diagnoses, 374 confirmed previous diagnoses, and treatment changes were made, impacting clinical decision-making by 82.53%.
Conclusions
Learners demonstrated significant improvements in the theoretical knowledge and practical skills of CCUS. In addition, they demonstrated clinical application ability, as evidenced by their high case analysis ability. This 6-month course is an effective method for training critical care clinicians in the skills requisite and clinical application of CCUS.
Association of Sleep Duration with Cognitive Performance in the Elderly: A Cross-Sectional Study from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)
Authors: Wu Yue , Yuan Min 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
The incidence of cognitive dysfunction and nervous system diseases is increasing with the aging trend, which has become an essential challenge in the global health field. This study aims to explore the relationship between sleep duration and cognitive performance, paying particular attention to the influence of sleep duration in different populations.
Methods
The National Health and Nutrition Survey data from 2011 to 2014 were used to evaluate the relationship between sleep duration and cognitive performance. Cognitive performance was assessed by three tests: Alzheimer's Disease Registration Association (CERAD), Animal Fluency (AF), and Digital Symbol Substitution Test (DSST). The weighted multivariate logistic regression model verified the relationship between sleep duration and cognitive performance. A restricted cubic spline model was used to determine the nonlinear relationship between sleep duration and cognitive performance.
Results
Of a total of 19931 patients, 2582 patients were included. Our study found a significant positive correlation between prolonged sleep (more than 9 hours per night) and cognitive decline (multivariate-adjusted OR = 1.50,95%CI:1.10 ~ 2.05). In contrast, short periods of sleep (less than seven hours per night) showed no significant correlation in cognitive function. Participants who slept moderately (7–9 hours per night) performed better on cognitive tests, with higher CERAD, AFT, and DSST scores. The association findings highlight the possible effects of sleep on cognitive health, especially in older people.
Conclusion
This study emphasizes that long sleep may be related to the decline of cognitive function in the elderly. Future research should explore the physiological mechanism and potential causes of sleep and cognitive function to support the maintenance of cognitive health in the elderly more scientifically.
Green Vehicle Routing Optimization Based on Dynamic Constraint Selection Co-evolutionary Algorithm
Authors: Zhou Lujie , Zhang Haifei , Fu Junhao 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Aiming at the problems of single solution objective in the
existing green vehicle routing optimization process and real-time
speed change during vehicle travel, a multi-objective green vehicle
routing problem with time window constraints in time-varying
conditions(MOGVRPTW-TV) is established, then a co-evolutionary
framework-based constrained multi-objective evolutionary algorithm
for the solving of the model is proposed. First, in order to better
match the actual logistics distribution, this model considers the
impact of time-varying speed and capacitated variation on carbon
emissions based on capacitated constraints and time window
constraints. Second, a constrained multi-objective evolutionary
algorithm based on the co-evolutionary framework was proposed for
model solving. The algorithm treats the complete problem model as a
complex task and introduces a shift crowding distance calculation
that considers both individual distribution and convergence
information when solving this complex task, effectively balancing
the convergence and diversity of solutions. Then, a dynamic
constraint selection strategy is designed for the implementation of
the simple task, which only considers the effects of some
constraints on the populations, and the two populations exchange
information through offspring populations to achieve overall
optimization. Simulations are performed on different instances and
the results show that the proposed algorithm is effective in
avoiding traffic congestion periods, decreasing overall
distribution costs, and reducing fuel consumption and carbon
emissions of vehicles.
The relative role of orbital forcing, CO2 and ice sheet feedbacks on Quaternary climate
Authors: Williams Charles , Lord Natalie , Kennedy-Asser Alan , Richards David , Crucifix Michel , Kontula Anne , Thorne Michael , Valdes Paul , Foster Gavin , Brown Rachel , McClymont Erin , Lunt Daniel 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
During the Quaternary (the last 2.58 million years), Earth’s climate has fluctuated between a series of glacials and interglacials, paced by external forcings and mediated by internal feedbacks. Global Climate Models (GCMs) resolving the general circulations of the atmosphere and the oceans are useful for addressing the mechanisms associated with these variations; however, such models require substantial computational resources, meaning they are not suitable for exploring transient orbital-scale variability on million-year timescales. Here, to overcome this limitation, we use a climate model to calibrate a faster statistical model, or emulator, and apply this to the Quaternary.

Firstly a model-data comparison suggests a good agreement with proxy data over the last 800,000 years, especially concerning the timing of glacial-interglacial cycles, and to achieve these results takes several orders of magnitude less computational cost. The efficiency of this approach allows us to carry out a quasi-transient simulation through the entire Quaternary, and allows projections of possible future drilling results from deep Antarctic ice cores; for example, beyond the existing record of 800,000 years the simulation suggests more frequent glacial-interglacial cycles but less of a temperature range between each cycle. Secondly, an investigation into the primary driving components suggests that a combination of the CO2 forcing and ice sheet feedbacks provide the dominant contribution to the temperature signal, both globally and at individual sites of existing proxy data.
Distribution and predictors of F-18-FDG uptake values of non-malignant cervical lymph nodes in pediatric patients
Authors: GODEFROY JEREMY , GODEFROY RAPHAEL , VEDDER KORAL , ALTURA YAIR , CHICHEPORTICHE ALEXANDRE , BEN-HAIM SIMONA , Goldstein GAL 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
F-18-flurodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT is routinely used for staging, evaluation of response to treatment and follow-up of most pediatric malignancies. Cervical lymph nodes can be involved in some pediatric malignancies, but increased uptake in non-malignant cervical lymph nodes is not exceptional in this population. The aim of the present study is to identify predictors of the maximum uptake in non-malignant cervical lymph nodes in the pediatric population.
Methods
191 FDG PET/CT studies of pediatric patients without malignant involvement of cervical lymph nodes were retrospectively reviewed. The maximal Standard Uptake Value in the hottest cervical lymph node (SUVmaxCLN), as well as demographic, technical and imaging variables were recorded. The predictive effect of those variables on SUVmaxCLN was estimated using linear regression models.
Results
Increased FDG activity in cervical nodes was observed in 136/191 studies (71%). The mean SUVmaxCLN was 2.2 ± 1.3. Ipsilateral palatine tonsil SUVmax, mean liver uptake, and treatment status were all statistically significant predictors of SUVmaxCLN. However, in multivariate regression analysis, only ipsilateral palatine tonsil SUVmax was found to be significant.
Conclusion
SUVmax in ipsilateral palatine tonsil is a strong predictor of the maximal uptake value of non-malignant cervical lymph nodes in children.
Trial was registered in the internal hospital registry under TRN 0209-22-HMO on date 23.04.2022.
Research on Reconfiguration Control Strategy of UAV Cluster
Authors: PENG Jinghui , Junjie SUN , Weichang CHEN , HOU Ping , LIU Jinxin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Aiming at the problem of UAV cluster configuration reconstruction, in order to obtain the cluster reconstruction method, the theory and simulation of cluster reconstruction control strategy is studied by simplifying the model, deducing the theoretical formula and analyzing the example. Taking 10 UAVs cluster as an example, the distribution of UAVs in different configurations was analyzed. According to the change of cluster configuration, the principle of formation reconstruction and the execution ability of configuration, the cluster capability was analyzed. The group behavior is modeled by group behavior rules, reconfiguration topology analysis and reconfiguration cost measurement. Based on the cluster parameters and configuration characteristics, simulation experiments were carried out to obtain the change curve of the reconstruction cost and time and the trajectory movement diagram of the UAV in different configurations.
A novel diagnosis model of cholangiocarcinoma for ERCP patients underwent Spyglass: development, validation, and clinical utility of an online platform
Authors: Shi Minghong , Zhang Xu , Chen Jia , Hou Xianghong , Yang Jie , Yin Longlong , Hua Longchun , Wang Cheng , Han Xiaolong , Kang Guolan , Mai Ping , Jiang Rui , Tian Hongwei 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background:
The ability to accurately identify the diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma(CCA) for patients with obstructive jaundice would facilitate preventative and therapeutic Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) interventions delivered to proper patients. Hence, we aimed to develop, validate, and evaluate a diagnostic utility online model combining blood laboratory variables and imaging omics data to predict CCA.
Methods
From 2018 to 2022, consecutive jaundice patients who got ERCP from Gansu Provincial Hospital were enrolled retrospectively. Random forest(RF) regression was used to screen variables and logistic regression was used to reconfirm the risk factors and build the online nomogram model. Corrected linear correlation analysis was employed for the linear test. The model predictive performance was assessed by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve as well as calibration, clinical decision analysis(DCA), and impact curves(CIC). An external cohort of 144 patients was validated. The spyglass subgroup application was analyzed in CCA patients.
Results
A total of 506 obstructive jaundice patients were enrolled (93 patients(18.38%) with CCA). The integrated model identified 6 factors including red blood cell count(RBC), total bilirubin (TBIL), uric acid (UA), total cholesterol (TC), bile.duct.diameter, and Spyglass operation. The area under the curve (AUC) of the ROC was 0.929 (95% CI, 0.903–0.950). The calibration and clinical decision or impact curves showed good predictive accuracy. A validation AUC of 0.948 (95% CI, 0.899–0.978) was obtained in the external validation set.
Conclusions
We presented a promising model to endoscopic individualize cholangiocarcinoma diagnosis for Jaundice patients especially those with ERCP and spyglass with a good discriminative ability.
Effect of segmental tongue function training on tongue pressure attributes in individuals with dysphagia after receiving radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
Authors: Zhao Fei , Yang Chen , Sun Si-Ming , Zhang Yao-Wen , Wen Hong-Mei , Dou Zu-Lin , Xie Chun-Qing , Wei Xiao-Mei 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objective
This study aimed to assess the impact of segmental tongue function training on tongue pressure characteristics in nasopharyngeal carcinoma after radiotherapy(NPCR) patients who experience dysphagia. The findings of this research are crucial in understanding the potential benefits of tongue rehabilitation exercises for individuals with NPC patients. Hence, it is essential to explore the effects of this type of training on tongue pressure and its associated characteristics.
Methods
A group of eighteen NPCR dysphagia patients underwent a two-week segmental tongue function training. The researchers assessed their swallowing function by measuring the tongue pressure (P) and endurance time (ET) in three different regions of the tongue - the anterior tongue region (TAR), central tongue region (TCR), and posterior tongue region (TPR). To gather accurate data, a new flexible tongue pressure sensor with 9 measuring sites arranged in a 3x3 configuration was used to measure the pressure exerted by the tongue on the palate. The measurements were taken both before and after the segmental tongue function training.
Results
The segmental tongue function training resulted in significant improvements in tongue pressure for the anterior(PTAR) and central(PTCR) parts of the tongue(P < 0.05). However, there was no significant change in tongue pressure for the posterior(PTPR) part of the tongue(P > 0.05). Additionally, there were no significant differences in the endurance time for each part of the tongue(P > 0.05).
Conclusions
segmental tongue function training improved the PTAR and PTCR in NPCR dysphagia patients within 2 weeks, and the improvement gradually decreased from the anterior part of the tongue to the posterior part of the tongue. Meanwhile, there were no significant difference in PTPR and ET of each part before and after treatment. This suggests that longer weeks of training may be needed to improve the PTPR and ET in these patients, or more targeted training programs may be designed.
Barriers to Accessing Perinatal Mental Health Services in Ethnic Minority Women in the UK
Authors: Makinde Ebunoluwa , Davey Antoinette , Collins Gina , Wong Geoff , Morgan-Trimmer Sarah , McCree Chris , Brook Jo , Fisher Louise M , Sharp Helen , Howard Louise , O'Mahen Heather 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Mental health problems are common among women during the perinatal period (here defined as during pregnancy and the 2 years after birth), affecting up to 20% of women. Although there are effective treatments for perinatal mental health problems, ethnic minority women who are at higher risk of developing perinatal mental health problems are less likely to access treatment for their perinatal mental health problems. This study explored perceptions of perinatal mental health problems and barriers to accessing treatment amongst a sample of ethnic minority women with current or past experiences who did not receive help from a specialist team.
Methods
This study is qualitative primary research. Twenty-eight women living in England who reported they struggled with emotional and mental health challenges during their perinatal period but did not receive assistance from the specialist perinatal mental health team were recruited from community groups and adverts. Women participated in online interviews, which were transcribed. NVIVO was used to support a thematic analysis.
Results
Barriers to accessing perinatal mental health services were found at the individual and cultural levels and at the point of accessibility. Barriers at ethnic levels influenced women’s decision to seek help and the time at which the help would be sought. The identified barriers were grouped under three main themes: Cultural beliefs and expectations (including those based on previous discriminatory experiences of healthcare), Help-seeking patterns and accessibility barriers (included in this theme is the reluctance of health professionals in signposting women to perinatal mental health service in an attempt to cover up medical negligence or error).
Conclusion
Cultural beliefs and perceptions of perinatal mental health, expectations of motherhood and barriers associated with accessibility were the primary barriers to accessing perinatal mental health services. While accessibility barriers were generally prevalent, women from minority ethnic groups may face additional barriers due to their cultural attitudes towards mental health and prior discriminatory experiences of mental health services, and influences towards seeking assistance.