bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mass-Analyzed-Threshold-Ionization-Spectroscopy of Pyrazine and Pyrazine-Ar
Authors: Riese Mikko , Gaber Angela , Grotemeyer Jürgen 
Published: April 2007

Vibrational spectra of the pyrazine and the pyrazine-Ar cation in the electronic ground state (D
0) have been measured via several intermediate states of the first excited state (S
1) by mass-analyzed threshold ionization spectroscopy. Additionally, ab-initio calculations at the DFT, CIS and MP2 level of theory have been conducted to compare experimental findings with theory. For the pyrazine monomer a negative anharmonic behavior for combination bands containing the 16a or the 1 vibration could be observed for the first time. It was found that the 16a vibration has to be considered when discussing the nature of the vibronic coupling in the first excited state (S
1) as well as in the ionic ground state (D
0). For some vibrations a new assignment is given in the first excited state (S
1) and the ionic ground state (D
0). An earlier discussed appearance of internal vibrational redistribution (IVR) by activating the 516a1 vibrational state in the first electronically excited state (S
1) is rejected due to the results of the presented measurements.
For the pyrazine-Ar complex the ionization energy, as well as the binding energy in the ionic and the neutral ground state could be determined. These values are given by 74632 ± 5 cm-1, 630 cm-1 ± 20 cm-1 and 349 cm-1 ± 20 cm-1, respectively. The van-der-Waals vibrations in the first excited state could be reassigned and the frequencies of these vibrations have been found to be 12 cm-1, 27 cm-1 and 39 cm-1.
Histologic Evaluation of a Provisional Implant Retrieved From Man 7 Months After Placement in a Sinus Augmented With Calcium Sulphate: A Case Report
Authors: Iezzi Giovanna , Fiera Elisabetta , Scarano Antonio , Pecora Gabriele , Piattelli Adriano 
Published: April 2007

AbstractLittle is known about the in vivo healing processes at the interface of implants placed in different grafting materials. For optimal sinus augmentation, a bone graft substitute that can regenerate high-quality bone and enable the osseointegration of load-bearing titanium implants is needed in clinical practice. Calcium sulphate (CaS) is one of the oldest biomaterials used in medicine, but few studies have addressed its use as a sinus augmentation material in conjunction with simultaneous implant placement. The aim of the present study was to histologically evaluate an immediately loaded provisional implant retrieved 7 months after simultaneous placement in a human sinus grafted with CaS. During retrieval bone detached partially from one of the implants which precluded its use for histologic analysis. The second implant was completely surrounded by native and newly formed bone, and it underwent histologic evaluation. Lamellar bone, with small osteocyte lacunae, was present and in contact with the implant surface. No gaps, epithelial cells, or connective tissues were present at the bone–implant interface. No residual CaS was present. Bone–implant contact percentage was 55% ± 8%. Of this percentage, 40% was represented by native bone and 15% by newly formed bone. CaS showed complete resorption and new bone formation in the maxillary sinus; this bone was found to be in close contact with the implant surface after immediate loading.
Effect of Anesthetics Containing Lidocaine and Epinephrine on Cardiovascular Changes During Dental Implant Surgery
Authors: Faraco Fátima N. , Kawakami Paulo Y. , Mestnik Maria J. , Ferrari Daniel S. , Shibli Jamil A. 
Published: April 2007

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate cardiovascular changes during dental implant surgery using 2% lidocaine with 1:80 000 epinephrine. Eleven normotensive subjects, ranging from 18 to 56 years, were selected to undergo dental implant surgery in the jaw. They were monitored in the pre-, intra-, and postsurgical periods by continuous noninvasive automatic arterial pressure and cardiac frequency measurements taken every 2 minutes. Parameter scores were obtained for the following phases: P1, 15 minutes during preparation of the patient (control period); P2, before anesthesia; P3, immediately after anesthesia; P4, 2 minutes into anesthesia; P5, during incision and detachment; P6, during perforation; P7, during implant placement; P8, during suturing; P9, on completion; and P10, 10 minutes after termination. Individualized statistical analysis for each group during the pre-, intra-, and postoperative periods were performed by analysis of variance. The greatest variations in systolic pressure were increases of 2.29% during phase P2 and 2.59% in phase P5. Diastolic pressure decreased during phase P6 (−2.58%) and increased in P10 (3.27%). The greatest changes in heart rate occurred in phase P10 (−3.24%). There were no statistically significant changes among the evaluated phases (P &gt; .05). In conclusion, there were no changes in the analyzed cardiocirculatory parameters during dental implant surgery (systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial blood pressures and heart rate) in normotensive subjects anesthetized with 2% lidocaine with epinephrine 1:80 000.
Analysis of left ventricle regional myocardial motion for cardiac radioablation
Authors: Poon Justin , Thompson Richard B. , Deyell Marc W. , Schellenberg Devin , Clark Haley , Reinsberg Stefan , Thomas Steven 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPurposeLeft ventricle (LV) regional myocardial displacement due to cardiac motion was assessed using cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) cine images to establish region‐specific margins for cardiac radioablation treatments.MethodsCMR breath‐hold cine images and LV myocardial tissue contour points were analyzed for 200 subjects, including controls (n = 50) and heart failure (HF) patients with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF, n = 50), mid‐range ejection fraction (HFmrEF, n = 50), and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF, n = 50). Contour points were divided into segments according to the 17‐segment model. For each patient, contour point displacements were determined for the long‐axis (all 17 segments) and short‐axis (segments 1–12) directions. Mean overall, tangential (longitudinal or circumferential), and normal (radial) displacements were calculated for the 17 segments and for each segment level.ResultsThe greatest overall motion was observed in the control group—long axis: 4.5 ± 1.2 mm (segment 13 [apical anterior] epicardium) to 13.8 ± 3.0 mm (segment 6 [basal anterolateral] endocardium), short axis: 4.3 ± 0.8 mm (segment 9 [mid inferoseptal] epicardium) to 11.5 ± 2.3 mm (segment 1 [basal anterior] endocardium). HF patients exhibited lesser motion, with the smallest overall displacements observed in the HFrEF group—long axis: 4.3 ± 1.7 mm (segment 13 [apical anterior] epicardium) to 10.6 ± 3.4 mm (segment 6 [basal anterolateral] endocardium), short axis: 3.9 ± 1.3 mm (segment 8 [mid anteroseptal] epicardium) to 7.4 ± 2.8 mm (segment 1 [basal anterior] endocardium).ConclusionsThis analysis provides an estimate of epicardial and endocardial displacement for the 17 segments of the LV for patients with normal and impaired LV function. This reference data can be used to establish treatment planning margin guidelines for cardiac radioablation. Smaller margins may be used for patients with higher degree of impaired heart function, depending on the LV segment.
Hydration Programmable, Shape Memorable Artificial Muscles for Antagonistic Movements
Authors: Cui Yande , Lin Jiehan , Zhai Yanduo , Xu Chao , Chen Chaoji , Chang Chunyu 
Published: March 2024

AbstractShape memory polymers (SMPs) capable of generating various deformations from anisotropic temporary shapes to permanent shapes have been emerging as soft robots. However, traditional SMPs cannot imitate the antagonistic movement of human skeletal muscles due to their modulus limitations in shape programming and recovery process. Herein, hydration programmable shape memory polymer (HP‐SMP)‐based fibers that can undergo reversible actuation by assembling antagonistic pairs are reported, where the shape programming of the antagonist muscle relies on the contraction of agonist muscle. HP‐SMP fibers are composed of tunicate cellulose nanocrystals (TCNCs) reinforced semi‐interpenetrating polymer networks. Leveraging their distinctive structure and hydration programmability, the HP‐SMP fibers exhibit large actuation strain (−60%) and high work capacity (751 J kg−1), allowing for reversible actuation under constant stress. Most significantly, the continuous antagonistic movements of HP‐SMP fibers assembled into artificial limbs are demonstrated to realize humanoid motion. This work provides new possibilities for replicating a series of lifelike human movements through the biomimetic design of antagonistic pairs of artificial muscles, utilizing renewable and sustainable biosourced materials.
Bio‐Based Thermosetting Resins: From Molecular Engineering to Intrinsically Multifunctional Customization
Authors: Zhao Weiwei , Liu Jingkai , Wang Shuaipeng , Dai Jinyue , Liu Xiaoqing 
Published: March 2024

AbstractRecent years have witnessed a growing interest in bio‐based thermosetting resins in terms of environmental concerns and the desire for sustainable industrial practices. Beyond sustainability, utilizing the structural diversity of renewable feedstock to craft bio‐based thermosets with customized functionalities is very worthy of expectation. There exist many bio‐based compounds with inherently unique chemical structures and functions, some of which are even difficult to synthesize artificially. Over the past decade, great efforts are devoted to discovering/designing functional properties of bio‐based thermosets, and notable progress have been made in antibacterial, antifouling, flame retardancy, serving as carbon precursors, and stimuli responsiveness, among others, largely expanding their application potential and future prospects. In this review, recent advances in the field of functional bio‐based thermosets are presented, with a particular focus on molecular structures and design strategies for discovering functional properties. Examples are highlighted wherein functionalities are facilitated by the inherent structures of bio‐based feedstock. Perspectives on issues regarding further advances in this field are proposed at the end.
Flexible Indoor Perovskite Solar Cells by In Situ Bottom‐Up Crystallization Modulation and Interfacial Passivation
Authors: Liu Chou , Yang Tinghuan , Cai Weilun , Wang Yajie , Chen Xin , Wang Shumei , Huang Wenliang , Du Yachao , Wu Nan , Wang Zhichao , Yang Yang , Feng Jiangshan , Niu Tianqi , Ding Zicheng , Zhao Kui 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA robust perovskite‐buried interface is pivotal for achieving high‐performance flexible indoor photovoltaics as it significantly influences charge transport and extraction efficiency. Herein, a molecular bridge strategy is introduced utilizing sodium 2‐cyanoacetate (SZC) additive at the perovskite‐buried interface to simultaneously achieve in situ passivation of interfacial defects and bottom‐up crystallization modulation, resulting in high‐performance flexible indoor photovoltaic applications. Supported by both theoretical calculations and experimental evidences, it illustrates how SZCs serve as molecular bridges, establishing robust bonds between SnO2 transport layer and perovskite, mitigating oxygen vacancy defects and under‐coordinated Pb defects at interface during flexible fabrication. This, in turn, enhances interfacial energy level alignment and facilitates efficient carrier transport. Moreover, this in situ investigation of perovskite crystallization dynamics reveals bottom‐up crystallization modulation, extending perovskite growth at the buried interface and influencing subsequent surface recrystallization. This results in larger crystalline grains and improved lattice strain of the perovskite during flexible fabrication. Finally, the optimized flexible solar cells achieve an impressive efficiency exceeding 41% at 1000 lux, with a fill factor as high as 84.32%. The concept of the molecular bridge represents a significant advancement in enhancing the performance of perovskite‐based flexible indoor photovoltaics for the upcoming era of Internet of Things (IoT).
Copper‐Mediated Decarboxylative Amidination: Synthesis of O‐Methyl‐N‐Alkylnitroisoureas
Authors: Lusseau Jonathan , Uduagwu Dickson , Robert Frédéric , Landais Yannick 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCopper‐catalyzed decarboxylation of peroxides in the presence of O‐methyl‐N‐nitroisourea provides an access to O‐methyl‐N‐alkylnitroisoureas, an underdeveloped class of nitrogenated compounds, which can be regarded as isocyanate surrogates and find useful as AB‐type monomers, for polyurethane synthesis.
Two‐Photon Polymerization of Nanocomposites for Additive Manufacturing of Transparent Magnesium Aluminate Spinel Ceramics
Authors: Prediger Richard , Sriyotha Nitipoom , Schell Karl G. , Kluck Sebastian , Hambitzer Leonhard , Kotz‐Helmer Frederik 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTransparent polycrystalline magnesium aluminate (MAS) spinel ceramics are of great interest for industry and academia due to their excellent optical and mechanical properties. However, shaping of MAS is notoriously challenging especially on the microscale requiring hazardous etching methods. Therefore, a photochemically curable nanocomposite is demonstrated that can be structured using high‐resolution two‐photon lithography. The printed nanocomposites are converted intro transparent MAS by subsequent debinding, sintering, and hot isostatic pressing. The resulting transparent spinel ceramics exhibit a surface roughness Sq of only 10 nm and can be shaped with minimum feature sizes of down to 13 µm. This technology will be important for the production of microstructured ceramics used for optics, photonics, or photocatalysis.
Role of environmental, social and governance disclosure in business profitability and cost of debt: An analysis of small Southern Italian agri‐food businesses
Authors: Brunella Arru , Federico Delrio , Roberto Furesi , Pietro Pulina , Madau Fabio Albino 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis article investigates the environmental, social, and governance (ESG) commitment of small agri‐food businesses disclosed by 279 Italians using Thomson Reuters Eikon ESG indicators and its relationship with their financial dimensions, that is, the corporate profitability indexes (ROE and EBITDA) and cost of debt, used as a proxy of the ability to access credit. Findings showed the absence of social reporting and the disclosure of business governance, including sustainability strategy, and the poor reporting of the environmental and social pillars, except for product innovation, product quality, and responsible marketing themes. The capability of ESG disclosure to predict corporate profitability and access to credit is limited. Moreover, investments in product responsibility are negatively related to the cost of debt, while commitment toward the internal and external companies' community appears to predict their ability to access credit positively. In light of the new institutional pressures requiring small agri‐food businesses to change and combine intrinsic and extrinsic motivation for CSR, the study extends the literature on the sustainability of small agri‐food businesses, which is mostly limited, and provides significant practical and political contributions to foster the paradigm shift toward sustainability [EconLit Citations: M21, Q01, Q13].
Advances in anode interfacial materials for organic solar cells
Authors: Lv Menglan , Huang Junhua , Luo Xuanyan , Yu Shan , Wang Xu , Wang Zhuo , Pan Fei , Zhang Bin , Ding Liming 
Published: March 2024

AbstractOrganic solar cells (OSCs) have attracted much interest in the past few decades because of their advantages, such as being lightweight, low cost, simple preparation process, and environmental friendliness. While researchers have made significant progress on the active layer materials of OSCs, the interface engineering is another entry point for upgrading the photovoltaic performance of OSCs. Significantly, the interface modification materials, including anode interfacial materials and cathode interfacial materials, are two essential parts of interfacial layers for OSCs, in which the excellent interfacial materials can realize the very high‐performance photovoltaic cells. Among these interfacial materials, the anode interfacial layers (AILs) play a crucial role in improving photovoltaic performance. This review expresses a detailed conclusion of the development of anode interfacial materials and an outlook on future trends for OSCs.
Agreement between measured and self‐reported physiological strain in males and females during simulated occupational heat stress
Authors: O'Connor Fergus K. , Meade Robert D. , Notley Sean R. , Ioannou Leonidas G. , Flouris Andreas D. , Kenny Glen P. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractRationaleMonitoring physiological strain is recommended to safeguard workers during heat exposure, but is logistically challenging. The perceptual strain index (PeSI) is a subjective estimate thought to reflect the physiological strain index (PSI) that requires no physiological monitoring. However, sex is known to influence perceptions of heat stress, potentially limiting the utility of the PeSI.ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to assess whether sex modifies the relationship between PeSI and PSI.MethodsThirty‐four adults (15 females) walked on a treadmill (moderate intensity; ~200 W/m2) for 180 min or until termination (volitional fatigue, rectal temperature ≥39.5°C) in 16°C, 24°C, 28°C, and 32°C wet‐bulb globe temperatures. Rectal temperature and heart rate were recorded to calculate PSI (0–10 scale). Rating of perceived exertion and thermal sensation were recorded to calculate PeSI (0–10 scale). Relationships between PSI and PeSI were evaluated via linear mixed models. Mean bias (95% limits of agreement [LoA]) between PSI and PeSI was assessed via Bland–Altman analysis. Mean absolute error between measures was calculated by summing absolute errors between the PeSI and the PSI and dividing by the sample size.FindingsPSI increased with PeSI (p < 0.01) but the slope of this relation was not different between males and females (p = 0.83). Mean bias between PSI and PeSI was small (−0.4 points), but the 95% LoA (−3.5 to 2.7 points) and mean absolute error were wide (1.3 points).ImpactOur findings indicate that sex does not appreciably impact the agreement between the PeSI and PSI during simulated occupational heat stress. The PeSI is not a suitable surrogate for the PSI in either male or female workers.
Interactions with humans reduce the success of foraging for anthropogenic food by capuchin monkeys (Sapajus libidinosus) in Brasília National Park, Brazil
Authors: Camargo Murilo Reis , Lousa Túlio Costa , Mota Ricardo Vasquez , Mendes Francisco D. C. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe progressive growth of urban environments has increasingly forced populations of nonhuman primates to coexist with humans in many cities, which has resulted in problems such as behavioral alterations, conflicts with humans, and threats to the health of the monkeys, due to their consumption of anthropogenic foodstuffs. These anthropogenic foods, which are rich in calories, are the principal driver of the proximity between humans and primates, even though the acquisition of these foods tends to be risky for the monkeys and involve a variety of challenges derived from specific features of the urban environment. The present study evaluated the success/risk relationship of foraging for anthropogenic food by tufted capuchins (Sapajus libidinosus) in Brasília National Park. The data were analyzed using a binary logistic regression, with the backward‐stepwise Wald method, to investigate the factors related to the foraging success of the capuchins, considering variables such as their sex and age, the type of approach and its context, and interactions with humans. The capuchins were influenced by the anthropogenic context, which affected their foraging strategies and diet. Interactions with humans reduced the success of foraging for anthropogenic foods. Conflicts between humans and the capuchins were common, especially in the context of access to food. The capuchins thus preferred to access feeding resources directly, probably due to the reduced human interference, which resulted in greater foraging success for unattended food brought by park visitors and the raiding of trash cans. Based on the observed behavior patterns, a number of measures can be proposed to mitigate these conflicts. These recommendations include not bringing food into areas frequented by the capuchins, not reacting to approaching animals, and removing all trash generated during a visit. A cleaning team dedicated to the maintenance of the visitation area free of anthropogenic waste is also be recommended.
Synergistic Ni−W Dimer Sites Induced Stable Compressive Strain for Boosting the Performance of Pt as Electrocatalyst for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Yao Xiaozhang , Song Zhongxin , Yao Xue , Guan Yi , Hamada Natalie , Zhang Jingyan , Huo Ziwei , Zhang Lei , Singh Chandra Veer , Sun Xueliang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAlloying Pt catalysts with transition metal elements is an effective pathway to enhance the performance of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), but often accompanied with severe metal dissolution issue, resulting in poor stability of alloy catalysts. Here, instead of forming traditional alloy structure, we modify Pt surface with a novel Ni−W dimer structure by the atomic layer deposition (ALD) technique. The obtained NiW@PtC catalyst exhibits superior ORR performance both in liquid half‐cell and practical fuel cell compared with initial Pt/C. It is discovered that strong synergistic Ni−W dimer structure arising from short atomic distance induced a stable compressive strain on the Pt surface, thus boosting Pt catalytic performance. This surface modification by synergistic dimer sites offers an effective strategy in tailoring Pt with excellent activity and stability, which provides a significant perspective in boosting the performance of commercial Pt catalyst modified with polymetallic atom sites.
Stabilizing Diluted Active Sites of Ultrasmall High‐Entropy Intermetallics for Efficient Formic Acid Electrooxidation
Authors: Shen Tao , Xiao Dongdong , Deng Zhiping , Wang Shuang , An Lulu , Song Min , Zhang Qian , Zhao Tonghui , Gong Mingxing , Wang Deli 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe poisoning of undesired intermediates or impurities greatly hinders the catalytic performances of noble metal‐based catalysts. Herein, high‐entropy intermetallics i‐(PtPdIrRu)2FeCu (HEI) are constructed to inhibit the strongly adsorbed carbon monoxide intermediates (CO*) during the formic acid oxidation reaction. As probed by multiple‐scaled structural characterizations, HEI nanoparticles are featured with partially negative Pt oxidation states, diluted Pt/Pd/Ir/Ru atomic sites and ultrasmall average size less than 2 nm. Benefiting from the optimized structures, HEI nanoparticles deliver more than 10 times promotion in intrinsic activity than that of pure Pt, and well‐enhanced mass activity/durability than that of ternary i‐Pt2FeCu intermetallics counterpart. In situ infrared spectroscopy manifests that both bridge and top CO* are favored on pure Pt but limited on HEI. Further theoretical elaboration indicates that HEI displayed a much weaker binding of CO* on Pt sites and sluggish diffusion of CO* among different sites, in contrast to pure Pt that CO* bound more strongly and was easy to diffuse on larger Pt atomic ensembles. This work verifies that HEIs are promising catalysts via integrating the merits of intermetallics and high‐entropy alloys.