bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabarcoding reveals unique microbial mat communities and evidence of biogeographic influence in low‐oxygen, high‐sulfur sinkholes and springs
Authors: Fray Davis , McGovern Callahan A. , Casamatta Dale A. , Biddanda Bopaiah A. , Hamsher Sarah E. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHigh‐sulfur, low‐oxygen environments formed by underwater sinkholes and springs create unique habitats populated by microbial mat communities. To explore the diversity and biogeography of these mats, samples were collected from three sites in Alpena, Michigan, one site in Monroe, Michigan, and one site in Palm Coast, Florida. Our study investigated previously undescribed eukaryotic diversity in these habitats and further explored their bacterial communities. Mat samples and water parameters were collected from sulfur spring sites during the spring, summer, and fall of 2022. Cyanobacteria and diatoms were cultured from mat subsamples to create a culture‐based DNA reference library. Remaining mat samples were used for metabarcoding of the 16S and rbcL regions to explore bacterial and diatom diversity, respectively. Analyses of water chemistry, alpha diversity, and beta diversity articulated a range of high‐sulfur, low‐oxygen habitats, each with distinct microbial communities. Conductivity, pH, dissolved oxygen, temperature, sulfate, and chloride had significant influences on community composition but did not describe the differences between communities well. Chloride concentration had the strongest correlation with microbial community structure. Mantel tests revealed that biogeography contributed to differences between communities as well. Our results provide novel information on microbial mat composition and present evidence that both local conditions and biogeography influence these unique communities.
Complexities, complications, and change for non‐Christian students
Authors: Maples Gordon , Broadhurst Christopher 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBuilding on the previous chapters in the volume, this concluding chapter provides a practical overview of theories relating to religious diversity and organizational change to outline recommended actions for practitioners across higher education functional areas who want to create a more equitable landscape for non‐Christian college students.Practical Takeaways
Individuals across university communities and stakeholder groups can have an influence on changing the campus climate for non‐Christian students through advocacy and action within their institutions.
Current theories provide insights and guidance on how and where individuals can influence change within their institutions, including pushing for reviews of standing policies relating to religious accommodations and advocating for religious literacy training for staff and faculty.
The issues surrounding the campus climate for non‐Christian students are systemic: making strides towards a more equitable future will take deliberate and long‐term efforts across institutions and stakeholder groups, but can start with coalition building across staff, faculty, and students to focus on those efforts.
The Gothenburg Trismus Questionnaire in China: Cross‐cultural adaptation and measurement invariance
Authors: Zhang Qian , Feng Yao , Zhou Ying‐Hui , Yang Yi‐Fan , Feng Yun‐Zhi , Guo Yue 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectivesThe Gothenburg Trismus Questionnaire (GTQ) is a comprehensive scale for screening and assessing trismus in head and neck (H&N) cancer and temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) patients. This study aimed to translate and cross‐culturally adapt the GTQ in China, and to test its measurement invariance.MethodsThis study comprised 278 H&N cancer, 245 TMD, and 507 control patients. Internal consistency and test–retest reliability were tested to assess the GTQ's reliability. The validity was evaluated through composite reliability (CR), average variance extracted (AVE), and correlation tests. Multi‐group confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to investigate the GTQ's measurement invariance across clinical status and gender. T tests were employed to compare score differences across clinical status and gender.ResultsThe Chinese version of GTQ scale shows excellent internal consistency and test–retest reliability. The CR, AVE, and correlation values demonstrate the good validity of GTQ. The multi‐group CFA supported configural invariance across clinical status but not metric invariance, while it supported strict invariance across gender. Additionally, t tests revealed that patients with H&N cancer and TMD scored higher than the control group, while males scored higher than females.ConclusionsThe Chinese version of GTQ serves as an effective tool for screening and assessing trismus.
Role of time variant and invariant terms on soil moisture spatio‐temporal variability in a subhumid coastal wetland
Authors: Kohfahl Claus , David Ismael Lare , Aguilera Héctor , Martínez Gonzalo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe knowledge of soil moisture spatio‐temporal variability is highly relevant for water resources management. This paper reports an analysis of the spatial–temporal variability of soil moisture data for a small to medium‐scale soil‐sensors network in a coastal wetland of southwestern Spain. Measurements were taken from five sites located in the Doñana National Park over the time‐period of one hydrological year from September 2017 to September 2018. The total area of the soil‐sensors network shows an extension about 25 × 3 km. Soil moisture data was separated into time invariant (the temporal mean of the whole period at each site) and time‐variant terms (the deviations of soil moisture from the mean, or anomalies). The time‐invariant component was generally the main contributor to the total spatial variance of soil moisture and it was mostly controlled by the groundwater levels in the area. Nevertheless, the time variant terms have a huge effect on soil moisture variability in very dry states. Characteristic convex time‐dependent patterns for this field site were found between spatially averaged soil moisture and its variability. This information could be used for the up and downscaling of soil moisture from satellite data. Those patterns of relation between spatial mean and variability of soil moisture were only affected by heavy rainfalls giving rise to hysteretic behaviour. This study shows that even though groundwater level is a time‐variant variable, it significantly affects soil moisture's time‐variant but also time‐invariant terms due to the different average groundwater level depths at the different sites.
Seasonal dynamics of the microbial community in a strong‐flavor baijiu fermentation
Authors: Li Lingjuan , Wu Jing , Tao Yong , Xu Zhancheng , Tang Qinglan , Liu Menghua 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe microbial community plays a crucial role in Chinese strong‐flavor baijiu (SFB) fermentation. However, the seasonal dynamics of the microbial community in the SFB fermentation system and its contribution to the unique flavor of SFB have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated the seasonal dynamics of the microbial community through 16S rRNA and ITS gene sequencing.RESULTSThe results revealed significant temporal dynamics of microbial communities and environmental variables throughout the four seasons. The influence of seasons on fungal communities was found to be more significant than on bacterial communities. The diversity of bacteria was higher during the winter and summer, whereas fungal diversity was more prominent in summer and autumn. Stochastic processes maintained their dominance in microbial assembly throughout all four seasons but the significance of heterogeneous selection increased during summer for both bacteria and fungi, whereas homogeneous selection became more pronounced during winter for fungi. The pH and environmental temperature were important drivers of microbial community assembly across different seasons, primarily impacting the core genera responsible for the production of major volatile flavor compounds (VFCs), especially ethyl caproate.CONCLUSIONThese findings provide new insights into the impact of seasons on microbial communities and hold promise for improving the quality‐control measures for SFB brewed in different seasons. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Modified technique improves efficacy for in‐office posterior nasal nerve ablation
Authors: Gorelik Daniel , Dhanda Aatin K. , Choi Alexander , Takashima Masayoshi , Khan Najm S. , Rowan Nicholas R. , Jafari Aria , Syed Tariq , Ahmed Omar G. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectivesPosterior nasal nerve (PNN) ablation is a minimally invasive treatment option for patients with chronic rhinitis. Recent evidence shows that parasympathetic innervation of the nasal cavity is more extensive and there are many fibers posterior to the lateral attachment of the middle turbinate. We describe a modified ablative technique that targets the extensive innervation of the posterior nasal nerves.MethodsDescription of the technique and retrospective cohort analysis. In addition to the traditional radiofrequency and cryoablation targets, three additional treatment sites posterior to the middle turbinate were targeted using radiofrequency ablation, as well as one focused treatment posteroinferior to the middle turbinate attachment using cryotherapy ablation. The primary outcome collected was a 30% improvement in overall rhinitis symptoms.ResultsForty‐five patients received treatment and completed 3‐month follow‐up using the modified technique for radiofrequency and cryotherapy PNN ablation. Previously, our institution documented a 64.5% responder rate at 3 months. After introducing the modified technique, the response rate at 3 months significantly improved (64.5% vs. 91.1%, p = .004).ConclusionsThis report suggests improved efficacy with implementation of the modified technique for in‐office PNN ablation. Given the extensive nature of the post‐ganglionic parasympathetic fibers of the nasal cavity which often emerge posterior to the middle turbinate attachment, a modified technique to target these branches should be considered. Prospective randomized studies comparing this modified technique to the traditional technique are needed.Level of EvidenceIII.
Functions of extracellular polymeric substances in partitioning suspended and sinking particles in the upper oceans of two open ocean systems
Authors: Yamada Yosuke , Ebihara Akiko , Fukuda Hideki , Otosaka Shigeyoshi , Mitarai Satoshi , Nagata Toshi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMarine particle dynamics and carbon export, involving extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) like transparent exopolymer particles (TEP) and Coomassie Brilliant Blue‐stained particles (CSP), are poorly understood. Although TEP adhesive properties may enhance carbon export by facilitating aggregate formation, their low density can also enhance particle suspension. Factors influencing TEP regulation of particle dynamics remain unclear. To investigate EPS contributions to particle dynamics, we investigated ratios of TEP to particulate organic carbon (POC) and of CSP to POC in suspended and sinking particles collected with marine snow catchers. Samples were collected in a subarctic region near Hokkaido during a spring phytoplankton bloom and in the oligotrophic, subtropical Kuroshio region. At Hokkaido, the mean TEP : POC ratio of sinking particles (0.075 μg Xeq. : μg C) was > 30× lower than in suspended particles (2.3), consistent with a model prediction of selective retention of buoyant TEP‐rich particles in the upper water column. In the Kuroshio region, sinking particles also contained fewer TEP than suspended particles; however, the TEP : POC ratio of sinking particles (1.0) was > 10× higher than at Hokkaido, suggesting that TEP constitute a significant carbon component of sinking particles. These findings indicate that TEP facilitate aggregation of high‐density particles and particle sinking in the Kuroshio region. Distributions of CSP : POC ratios between suspended and sinking particles resembled TEP : POC ratios in both regions, implying a significant contribution of CSP to particle dynamics. We propose that EPS have divergent effects on suspension and sinking of marine particles, which vary with particle composition and biogeochemical conditions.
Chinese collaborative study of survival analysis in 980 patients with AL amyloidosis
Authors: Yau Hokhim , Zhong Liye , Li Sheng , He Weiting , Zhu Yaxi , Liao Pengjun , Xie Jianteng , Fei Hongwen , Li Liwen , Liu Hui , Li Jie , Wang Wenjian 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe prognosis of patients with light‐chain amyloidosis (AL) has improved markedly in the past decade in China; whether the current staging systems are suitable to predict the overall survival (OS) of the patients remains undetermined.MethodsBased on 980 biopsy‐proved AL patients with 5‐year follow‐up from China Registration Network for Light‐chain Amyloidosis, we evaluated the efficacy of existing staging systems and developed a new stratification model. This involved analyzing parameters such as N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) thresholds and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).ResultsWe found that 30% patients were classified as stage I, 25% as stage II, 26% as stage III, and 19% as stage IV disease using the Mayo 2012 staging system, with varying median OS values. However, the observed median OS values were notably higher than previously reported. By incorporating NT‐proBNP thresholds and eGFR values, we developed a four‐stage score system. With this new model, 41.6% patients were reclassified to stage I, 34.3% to stage II, 17.8% to stage III, and 6.3% to stage IV disease, with adjusted median OS values.ConclusionThe new stratification model exhibited improved consistency compared to traditional staging systems. It effectively identified patients with the best and worst prognoses, even among those receiving comprehensive treatment. Specifically, NT‐proBNP levels exceeding 9000 pg/mL combined with an eGFR less than 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 proved superior in prognosticating patient outcomes. Overall, the median OS of AL amyloidosis patients in China has significantly improved, underscoring the need for tailored prognostic models in clinical practice.
Vessel‐specific quantification of cerebral venous oxygenation with velocity‐encoding preparation and rapid acquisition
Authors: Lin Zixuan , Jiang Dengrong , Hong Yiwen , Zhang Yi , Hsu Yi‐Cheng , Lu Hanzhang , Wu Dan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPurposeNon‐invasive measurement of cerebral venous oxygenation (Yv) is of critical importance in brain diseases. The present work proposed a fast method to quantify regional Yv map for both large and small veins.MethodsA new sequence was developed, referred to as TRU‐VERA (T2 relaxation under velocity encoding and rapid acquisition, which isolates blood spins from static tissue with velocity‐encoding preparation, modulates the T2 weighting of venous signal with T2‐preparation and utilizes a bSSFP readout to achieve fast acquisition with high resolution. The sequence was first optimized to achieve best sensitivity for both large and small veins, and then validated with TRUST (T2 relaxation under spin tagging), TRUPC (T2 relaxation under phase contrast), and accelerated TRUPC MRI. Regional difference of Yv was evaluated, and test–retest reproducibility was examined.ResultsOptimal Venc was determined to be 3 cm/s, while recovery time and balanced SSFP flip angle within reasonable range had minimal effect on SNR efficiency. Venous T2 measured with TRU‐VERA was highly correlated with T2 from TRUST (R2 = 0.90), and a conversion equation was established for further calibration to Yv. TRU‐VERA sequences showed consistent Yv estimation with TRUPC (R2 = 0.64) and accelerated TRUPC (R2 = 0.79). Coefficient of variation was 0.84% for large veins and 2.49% for small veins, suggesting an excellent test–retest reproducibility.ConclusionThe proposed TRU‐VERA sequence is a promising method for vessel‐specific oxygenation assessment.
Successful thoracoscopic operative approach for refractory pneumothorax in interstitial lung disease under local anaesthesia
Authors: Yamanaka Shinya , So Clara , Nishimura Naoki , Nakamura Tomoaki , Kabemura Shinsaku , Kumagai Ryosuke , Okafuji Kohei , Kitamura Atsushi , Kojima Fumitsugu , Tomishima Yutaka , Jinta Torahiko , Bando Toru 
Published: March 2024

AbstractRefractory pneumothorax associated with interstitial lung disease (ILD) remains a challenging condition due to the patient's tolerability and lung compliance that restrict the feasibility of aggressive interventions. Additionally, many cases recur after improvement with treatment, and reports of successful management for this complicated condition are limited. Herein, we report the case of a 60‐year‐old man with ILD, utilizing home oxygen therapy, who experienced a successful recovery from a surgical intervention under local anaesthesia for pneumothorax. This case highlights the potential for operative intervention under local anaesthesia as a viable option for patients who do not respond to internal approaches.
Navigating the future of guided dental implantology: A scoping review
Authors: Sarhan Moamen Mohsen , Ibrahim Eman Assem , Ezzelarab Salah , Marei Mona K. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this scoping review was to understand the development of robotics and its accuracy in placing dental implants when compared to other forms of guided surgery.MethodsAn electronic search was conducted on the electronic databases of PubMed, Cochrane, and Science direct with the following queries: ((robotics) AND (dental implant)) AND (accuracy). The search timeline was between 2017 and 2022.ResultsA total of 54 articles were screened for title and abstract, of which 16 were deemed eligible for inclusion. Thirty‐one articles were excluded mainly because they were out of topic (not relevant) or not in English. In total, 16 articles were included for analysis.ConclusionsThis review thoroughly analyses 5 years of literature concerning the evolution of robotics in dental implant surgery, underscoring the necessity for additional research on nascent technologies reported and a comparative study with static and dynamic systems for clinical efficacy evaluation.
A scientific approach to entrepreneurial decision‐making: Large‐scale replication and extension
Authors: Camuffo Arnaldo , Gambardella Alfonso , Messinese Danilo , Novelli Elena , Paolucci Emilio , Spina Chiara 
Published: March 2024

AbstractResearch SummaryThis article runs a large‐scale replication of Camuffo and colleagues in 2020, involving 759 firms in four randomized control trials. The larger sample generates novel and more precise insights about the teachability and implications of a scientific approach in entrepreneurship. We observe a positive impact on idea termination and results that are consistent with a nonlinear effect on radical pivots, with treated firms running few over no or repeated pivots. We provide a theoretical interpretation of the empirical results: the scientific approach enhances entrepreneurs' efficiency in searching for viable ideas and raises their methodic doubt because, like scientists, they realize that there may be alternative scenarios from the ones that they theorize.Managerial SummaryThe findings of this article, based on four randomized control trials involving 759 firms, offer new insights into how entrepreneurial practices can benefit from a scientific approach to decision‐making. Key outcomes include an increase in the termination of ideas and a nuanced influence on the tendency to make strategy changes. Specifically, firms that adopted a scientific approach made a few strategic shifts, as opposed to either not changing or constantly changing their strategy. We suggest that this is due to the scientific approach helping entrepreneurs be more efficient when searching for valuable ideas, as well as being more careful in selecting those ideas.
On the construction of nested orthogonal arrays with the adjacent numbers of levels
Authors: Pang Shanqi , Zhu Yan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractNested orthogonal arrays (NOAs) provide an option for designing an experimental setup consisting of two experiments, with the expensive higher‐precision experiment nested within a larger and relatively inexpensive lower‐precision experiment. Construction of NOAs with the adjacent numbers of levels is a challenging problem. In this paper, we present several methods for constructing such NOAs and obtain some classes of such new symmetric NOAs in which the larger arrays have minimum run size. These methods are also extended to construction of NOAs with more than two layers. Furthermore, by adding some columns to these symmetric NOAs, we can construct a lot of new asymmetric NOAs. Illustrative examples are given.
Substanzkonsum und Nutzung von sozialen Medien, Computerspielen und Glücksspielen unter Auszubildenden an beruflichen Schulen
Authors: Lochbühler Kirsten , Rossa Monika , Ebert Christopher , Morgenstern Matthis , Arnaud Nicolas , Kraus Ludwig 
Published: March 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war die Erfassung der Verbreitung des (problematischen) Konsums von Alkohol, Tabak und Cannabis sowie der (problematischen) Nutzung sozialer Medien, von E‑Produkten, Computerspielen und Glücksspielen unter Auszubildenden.

Methode
Querschnittliche Befragung von 4591 Auszubildenden an 17 beruflichen Schulen in Bayern, Schleswig-Holstein und Hamburg. Die Datenerhebungen mittels Fragebogen erfolgten zwischen März 2021 und April 2022. Die primären Endpunkte waren die 30-Tages-Prävalenz und das problematische Konsum- und Nutzungsverhalten der genannten Substanzen/Verhaltensweisen auf Basis von Screening-Instrumenten.

Ergebnisse
Soziale Medien wurden mit einer 30-Tages-Prävalenz von 97,7 % am häufigsten von den Auszubildenden genutzt, gefolgt von Alkohol (64,3 %) und Computerspielen (55,8 %). Zigaretten wurden von 35,1 %, E‑Produkte von 17,9 % und Cannabis von 15,4 % konsumiert. Glücksspiele betrieben 12,2 % der Auszubildenden. Ein problematischer Konsum lag für Alkohol bei 47,4 %, für Tabak bei 18,0 %, für E‑Produkte bei 6,2 % und für Cannabis bei 1,6 % der Auszubildenden vor. Eine problematische Nutzung sozialer Medien wiesen 45,0 % der Auszubildenden auf, bei Glücksspiel waren 2,2 % und bei Computerspielen 0,7 % betroffen.

Diskussion
Die Ergebnisse weisen darauf hin, dass es sich bei Auszubildenden um eine Risikogruppe für Suchtprobleme handelt, die erhöhten Interventionsbedarf aufweist. Vor allem Angebote der Sekundärprävention in den Bereichen Alkohol und soziale Medien sollten aufgrund ihrer weiten Verbreitung im Setting Berufsschule beachtet werden.
The effects of extreme heat on human health in tropical Africa
Authors: Kunda Joshua Jonah , Gosling Simon N. , Foody Giles M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis review examines high-quality research evidence that synthesises the effects of extreme heat on human health in tropical Africa. Web of Science (WoS) was used to identify research articles on the effects extreme heat, humidity, Wet-bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT), apparent temperature, wind, Heat Index, Humidex, Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI), heatwave, high temperature and hot climate on human health, human comfort, heat stress, heat rashes, and heat-related morbidity and mortality. A total of 5, 735 articles were initially identified, which were reduced to 100 based on a set of inclusion and exclusion criteria. The review discovered that temperatures up to 60°C have been recorded in the region and that extreme heat has many adverse effects on human health, such as worsening mental health in low-income adults, increasing the likelihood of miscarriage, and adverse effects on well-being and safety, psychological behaviour, efficiency, and social comfort of outdoor workers who spend long hours performing manual labour. Extreme heat raises the risk of death from heat-related disease, necessitating preventative measures such as adaptation methods to mitigate the adverse effects on vulnerable populations during hot weather. This study highlights the social inequalities in heat exposure and adverse health outcomes.