bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reversible changes in hippocampal CA1 synapses associated with water maze training in rats
Authors: Miranda Rubén , Blanco Eduardo , Begega Azucena , Santín Luis J. , Arias Jorge L. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractLong‐term memories seem to require protein synthesis to be established. This process can be related with synaptogenesis resulting in changes in the form or even in the number or proportion of synaptic contacts. Results from behavioral studies assessing quantitative changes associated with different learning tasks are controversial. The aim of our work was to assess whether the number of CA1 hippocampal synaptic contacts can be modified after training in different tasks in the Morris water maze (MWM). We found transient changes in the synaptic density of the symmetric synapses associated with place learning. A reduced synaptic density of the symmetric synapses in the stratum radiatum of CA1 was found at 48 h posttraining, returning to control levels 72 h posttraining. The same effect was observed 1 h after training in a nonspatial task. Synaptic changes found in the CA1 shortly after water maze training suggest a possible participation of the hippocampus in the acquisition of nonspatial tasks together with a role in the short‐term consolidation of spatial memory. As no changes were found in the total number of synapses counted, it is likely that subtle changes in synaptic efficacy than new synapse generation may be sufficient to support the acquisition and maintenance of new memories. Synapse 59:177–181, 2006. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Inter‐annual variability of wind indices across Europe
Authors: Pryor S. C. , Barthelmie R. J. , Schoof J. T. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractThere is considerable interest in the potential impact of climate change on the feasibility and predictability of renewable energy sources, including wind energy. However, relatively little research has been conducted to assess the historical variability of wind energy density across different spatial scales or the degree to which one can derive robust projections of future wind energy density. This article presents analyses of the historical variability of annual wind indices across Europe to provide a context for possible future scenarios, as well as possible tools for use in developing prognoses that are suitable for application to output from global climate models. There is a high degree of covariance and inter‐annual variability of wind indices in northern European countries. Reanalysis data sets suggest that the axis about which the correlations of latitudinally integrated wind indices over Europe change sign is approximately 45°N and that there is evidence of compensating trends in wind energy indices north and south of this latitude. Climate projections from HadCM3 do not indicate evidence for changes in the spatial and temporal variability of annual wind indices, but these results are rather uncertain owing to biases in the variability of wind indices derived from HadCM3 output. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Earthtron facility for below‐ground manipulation study
Authors: Kamitani Takafumi , Kaneko Nobuhiro 
Published: December 2005

AbstractA controlled environmental facility is necessary for investigation of the interaction between above‐ground and below‐ground components in microcosm experiments. The Earthtron is a simple computer‐controlled chamber simulating natural environments: diurnal light/dark cycles, and separately controlled soil and air temperature, humidity and CO2 concentration. In soil core incubation experiments, the Earthtron was able to simulate the dynamics of soil temperature field conditions. Environmental control also affects the dynamics of soil water and distribution patterns of nutrients in the microcosm, linking to the distribution of plant roots and soil biota. The Earthtron can not only reproduce field conditions but also predict the effects of global climatic change on terrestrial ecosystems.
Twelve-month prevalence, severity, and unmet need for treatment of mental disorders in metropolitan China
Authors: SHEN YU-CUN , ZHANG MING-YUAN , HUANG YUE-QIN , HE YAN-LING , LIU ZHAO-RUI , CHENG HUI , TSANG ADLEY , LEE SING , KESSLER RONALD C. 
Published: December 2005

Background. Psychiatric epidemiological surveys in China have repeatedly found much lower prevalence estimates than in most other parts of the world.Method. Face-to-face household interviews of 5201 subjects (2633 in Beijing and 2568 in Shanghai respectively) were conducted from November 2001 to February 2002 using a multistage household probability sampling method. A Chinese version of the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) was used for assessment.Results. Twelve-month prevalence of any DSM-IV mental disorder in metropolitan China is estimated to be 7·0%, with major depressive disorder (2·0%), specific phobia (1·9%), and intermittent explosive disorder (1·7%) the most common disorders. Of these, 13·9% are classified as serious, 32·6% moderate, and 53·5% mild. Only 3·4% of respondents with any disorder sought treatment within the previous 12 months.Conclusions. Although the general pattern of disorders, risk factors, and unmet need for treatment are similar to those in other countries, a low prevalence of mental disorders is found in metropolitan China. Resolving methodological problems that cause downward bias in estimates, such as stigma-related under-reporting and diagnostic incongruity with a somatopsychic mode of symptom presentation may lead to more accurate and probably higher prevalence estimates in future epidemiological studies. As a low prevalence still translates into an enormous number of people in China, measures are urgently needed to address the huge unmet need for treatment of mental disorders.
Aggressive/hostile personality traits and injury accidents: an eight-year prospective study of a large cohort of French employees – the GAZEL cohort
Authors: NABI HERMANN , CONSOLI SILLA M. , CHIRON MIREILLE , LAFONT SYLVIANE , FRANÇOIS CHASTANG JEAN , ZINS MARIE , LAGARDE EMMANUEL 
Published: December 2005

Background. Aggressiveness on the roads and/or anger behind the wheel are considered to be a major traffic safety problem in several countries. However, the psychological mechanisms of anger and/or aggression on the roads remain largely unclear. This study examines a large cohort of French employees followed over the period 1994–2001 to establish whether psychometric measures of aggression/hostility were significantly associated with an increased risk of an injury accident (I-A). An I-A was defined as a traffic accident in which someone was injured, that is required medical care.Method. A total of 11754 participants aged from 39 to 54 years in 1993 were included in this study. Aggression/hostility was measured in 1993 using the French version of the Buss–Durkee Hostility Inventory (BDHI). Driving behaviors and I-A were recorded in 2001. Sociodemographic and alcohol consumption data were available from annual follow-up of the cohort. The relationship between aggression/hostility scores and I-A was assessed using negative binomial regression models with time-dependent covariates.Results. The overall BDHI scoring was not statistically predictive of subsequent I-A: adjusted rate ratio (aRR) 1·02, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0·81–1·28, for participants with intermediate scores and aRR 1·25, 95% CI 0·98–1·61 for those with high scores, both compared to those with low scores. The only BDHI subscales found to be associated with I-A were ‘irritability’ (aRR 1·33, 95% CI 1·02–1·75 for participants with high scores) and ‘negativism’ (aRR 1·32, 95% CI 1·01–1·71 for participants with high scores).Conclusion. Overall aggression/hostility personality traits did not predict I-A in this large cohort of French employees, suggesting that aggressiveness on the roads and/or anger behind the wheel extend beyond the individual's general propensity for aggression.
The role of large-scale spatially explicit and small-scale localized processes on the population dynamics of cereal aphids
Authors: Winder L. , Griffiths G.J.K. , Perry J.N. , Alexander C.J. , Holland J.M. , Kennedy P.J. , Birt A. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractA field-scale study of the spatially explicit interaction between the carabid Poecilus cupreus Linnaeus, and two common aphid species (Sitobion avenae (Fabricius) and Metopolophium dirhodum (Walker)) in winter wheat was conducted. All three species showed considerable spatial pattern at the field scale. Activity-density of P. cupreus was an order of magnitude higher in the central part of the field compared to its periphery. Where P. cupreus activity-density was highest, S. avenae and M. dirhodum population peaks were delayed. Additionally, in the case of M. dirhodum, lower maximum counts were evident where P. cupreus activity-density was highest. An analysis of the movement of individual P. cupreus using release–recapture indicated that those beetles within the centre of the field exhibited reduced displacement, which may have caused the generation or maintenance of spatial pattern. Crop density was also measured throughout the field. Although crop density had no large-scale spatial pattern, its variability at the small-scale was consistent with an influence on aphid population dynamics. This study demonstrates empirically that both large-scale spatially explicit and small-scale localized processes influenced aphid population dynamics simultaneously.
Development of mass trapping technique for control of brinjal shoot and fruit borer, Leucinodes orbonalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
Authors: Cork A. , Alam S.N. , Rouf F.M.A. , Talekar N.S. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractLocally-produced clear plastic water traps (12 cm × 14 cm base and 21 cm height) were optimized for use in large-scale mass trapping trials for control of brinjal fruit and shoot borer, Leucinodes orbonalis Guenée. Changing the shape (square and triangular) and number (two and four) of entry holes in the water trap had no significant effect on trap catch. Significantly more male moths were caught in traps treated with water containing powdered detergent than liquid detergent, light gear oil or insecticide. All water traps tested caught significantly higher numbers of moths than sticky delta traps with open sides under farmers' field conditions. Trap catches per 100 m2 were found to increase with increasing number of traps from 3 to 6 but the difference in catch between 4 and 6 traps per 100 m2 was not significant. Two small-scale replicated integrated pest management (IPM) trials were conducted consisting of the optimized water trap placed out with 10 m spacing (4 per 100 m2) and infested shoots pruned and destroyed. The first season trial had two treatments, IPM and farmers' practice in which farmers applied insecticide every two days in the peak harvest period. Overall, the percentage of healthy fruit and yields in both treatments were comparable at 53.8 and 49.6% and 20 and 19.4 tonnes per ha in the IPM and farmers' practice plots respectively. However, the initial infestations in the IPM plots (68%) were significantly higher than in farmers' practice plots (16%) due to the proximity of the nurseries used for the IPM plots to stacks of brinjal crop residues from the previous season that acted as a source of infestation. The second season's trials contained a third treatment in which IPM and farmers' practice were combined. The percent total healthy fruits harvested were 46.1, 58.6 and 69.1% respectively for the farmers' practice, farmers' practice plus IPM and IPM alone. Averaged total fruit yields were approximately 12 tonnes per ha for the farmers' practice plots and 30 tonnes per ha for each of the IPM-treated plots. The IPM plot had significantly fewer infested fruit than the IPM plus farmers practice plots and this was attributed to the activity of the larval parasitoid Trathala flavo-orbitalis (Cameron) that was suppressed in trial plots treated with insecticides.
DNAVis: interactive visualization of comparative genome annotations
Authors: Fiers Mark W. E. J. , van de Wetering Huub , Peeters Tim H. J. M. , van Wijk Jarke J. , Nap Jan-Peter 
Published: December 2005

Abstract
Summary: The software package DNAVis offers a fast, interactive and real-time visualization of DNA sequences and their comparative genome annotations. DNAVis implements advanced methods of information visualization such as linked views, perspective walls and semantic zooming, in addition to the display of heterologous data in dot plot-like matrix views.
Availability: The software is freely available at ; the source code is available upon request.
Contact: janpeter.nap@wur.nl
Supplementary information: Figures are available at Bioinformatics online; documentation and data are available at
Lateral gene transfer of a dermonecrotic toxin between spiders and bacteria
Authors: Cordes Matthew H. J. , Binford Greta J. 
Published: December 2005

Abstract
Motivation: Spiders in the genus Loxosceles, including the notoriously toxic brown recluse, cause severe necrotic skin lesions owing to the presence of a venom enzyme called sphingomyelinase D (SMaseD). This enzyme activity is unknown elsewhere in the animal kingdom but is shared with strains of pathogenic Corynebacteria that cause various illnesses in farm animals. The presence of the same toxic activity only in distantly related organisms poses an interesting and medically important question in molecular evolution.
Results: We use superpositions of recently determined structures and sequence comparisons to infer that both bacterial and spider SMaseDs originated from a common, broadly conserved domain family, the glycerophosphoryl diester phosphodiesterases. We also identify a unique sequence/structure motif present in both SMaseDs but not in the ancestral family, supporting SMaseD origin through a single divergence event in either bacteria or spiders, followed by lateral gene transfer from one lineage to the other.
Contact: cordes@email.arizona.edu; binford@lclark.edu
A hypothesis-based approach for identifying the binding specificity of regulatory proteins from chromatin immunoprecipitation data
Authors: MacIsaac Kenzie D. , Gordon D. Benjamin , Nekludova Lena , Odom Duncan T. , Schreiber Joerg , Gifford David K. , Young Richard A. , Fraenkel Ernest 
Published: December 2005

Abstract
Motivation: Genome-wide chromatin-immunoprecipitation (ChIP-chip) detects binding of transcriptional regulators to DNA in vivo at low resolution. Motif discovery algorithms can be used to discover sequence patterns in the bound regions that may be recognized by the immunoprecipitated protein. However, the discovered motifs often do not agree with the binding specificity of the protein, when it is known.
Results: We present a powerful approach to analyzing ChIP-chip data, called THEME, that tests hypotheses concerning the sequence specificity of a protein. Hypotheses are refined using constrained local optimization. Cross-validation provides a principled standard for selecting the optimal weighting of the hypothesis and the ChIP-chip data and for choosing the best refined hypothesis. We demonstrate how to derive hypotheses for proteins from 36 domain families. Using THEME together with these hypotheses, we analyze ChIP-chip datasets for 14 human and mouse proteins. In all the cases the identified motifs are consistent with the published data with regard to the binding specificity of the proteins.
Availability: THEME is freely available for download.
Contact: fraenkel-admin@mit.edu
Supplementary information:
Clusterv: a tool for assessing the reliability of clusters discovered in DNA microarray data
Authors: Valentini Giorgio 
Published: December 2005

Abstract
Summary: We present a new R package for the assessment of the reliability of clusters discovered in high-dimensional DNA microarray data. The package implements methods based on random projections that approximately preserve distances between examples in the projected subspaces.
Availability:
Contact: valentini@dsi.unimi.it
Supplementary information:
PubMed Assistant: a biologist-friendly interface for enhanced PubMed search
Authors: Ding Jing , Hughes LaRon M. , Berleant Daniel , Fulmer Andy W. , Wurtele Eve Syrkin 
Published: December 2005

Abstract
Summary: MEDLINE is one of the most important bibliographical information sources for biologists and medical workers. Its PubMed interface supports Boolean queries, which are potentially expressive and exact. However, PubMed is also designed to support simplicity of use at the expense of query expressiveness and exactness. Many PubMed users have never tried explicit Boolean queries. We developed a Java program, PubMed Assistant, to make literature access easier in several ways. PubMed Assistant provides an interface that efficiently displays information about the citations and includes useful functions such as keyword highlighting, export to citation managers, clickable links to Google Scholar and others that are lacking in PubMed.
Availability: PubMed Assistant and a detailed online manual are freely available at under a GPL (GNU General Public License).
Contact: berleant@iastate.edu
Diagnosis of transfusion‐associated graft‐vs.‐host disease: the importance of short tandem repeat analysis
Authors: Sage D. , Stanworth S. , Turner D. , Navarrete C. 
Published: December 2005

summary.  Transfusion‐associated graft‐vs.‐host disease (TA‐GvHD) can occur following transfusion of blood products containing immunocompetent lymphocytes, usually from HLA homozygous donors, into immunocompromised patients sharing one HLA haplotype with the donor. The diagnosis of TA‐GvHD may be delayed due to the initial nonspecific clinical features involved. Investigations to detect the presence of donor‐derived cells in the blood and/or affected tissues of the recipient are essential to confirm the diagnosis.We report the investigation of suspected TA‐GvHD using short tandem repeat (STR) analysis, to detect the presence of donor cells (chimerism), in an immunocompetent patient admitted for coronary artery bypass surgery. Peripheral blood and skin biopsies (from affected and nonaffected sites) from the patient and peripheral blood samples from the implicated donors were taken for HLA typing and STR analysis.STR analysis revealed the presence of donor material in the patient's peripheral blood sample and in DNA extracted from the affected skin biopsy but not the unaffected biopsy, suggesting lymphocytes from this donor were responsible for the development of TA‐GvHD. Furthermore, HLA typing results supported the diagnosis of TA‐GvHD. These data demonstrate the use of STR and HLA analysis as effective tools in the diagnosis of TA‐GvHD.
Donors' blood group declaration before donation can be used as a tool for electronic crossmatching
Authors: Arslan Ö. 
Published: December 2005

summary.  Electronic crossmatching (E‐XM) is used to detect ABO incompatibility. In developing countries, as many of the donations are from first‐time donors, it is difficult to guarantee the accuracy of the ABO/Rh label on these units to use them for E‐XM. This problem was overcome with a new software ‘hemosoft’, using donors' blood group declaration before donation as a tool for E‐XM.During registration, donors either declare their blood group or give no comment. For, ABO/Rh grouping, either two results from different donations or only one in concordant with the declaration before donation is needed. If there is a conflict, second typing is performed from the unit segment. If donors give no declaration, two different technicians perform typing, one from the sample tube and the other from the unit segment.Of 18 618 donations performed, 640 (3%) were repeated and the rest were first‐time donations. In 16 327, typing was performed once, as the blood group declaration and the typing results were identical. In 2407, grouping was performed twice, as donors gave no declaration or conflicts between declaration and typing results were found. No labelling or wrong unit‐release errors were detected in units donated, typed and labelled in our centre. In 26 402 donations, 16 314 (61·8%) E‐XMs were performed. No major haemolytic transfusion reaction was recorded.Donors' ABO/Rh declaration before donation can be used as a tool for E‐XM, instead of the requirement for serological confirmation or a second donation to guarantee grouping.
Oral malignant melanoma – the effect of coarse fractionation radiotherapy alone or with adjuvant carboplatin therapy
Authors: Murphy S. , Hayes A. M. , Blackwood L. , Maglennon G. , Pattinson H. , Sparkes A. H. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractA retrospective study was undertaken of dogs presented to the Animal Health Trust for treatment of oral malignant melanoma, without radiographic evidence of pulmonary metastases. Group 1 (n = 13) received radiotherapy of the primary and any lymph node metastases (4 weekly fractions of 9 Gy); and group 2 (n = 15) were treated the same but additionally received between two and six doses carboplatin at 300 mg m−2every 3 weeks. Median survival times for the two groups were 307 and 286 days, respectively (P > 0.05). In addition, carboplatin therapy did not significantly reduce the proportion of dogs dying due to metastases (three from group 1 and four from group 2). We found no evidence of a beneficial effect of carboplatin therapy over radiotherapy alone.
The newly synthesized linoleic acid derivative DCP‐LA ameliorates memory deficits in animal models treated with amyloid‐β peptide and scopolamine
Authors: NAGATA Tetsu , YAMAMOTO Satoshi , YAGUCHI Takahiro , ISO Hiroyuki , TANAKA Akito , NISHIZAKI Tomoyuki 
Published: December 2005

AbstractBackground:  In our earlier study, 8‐[2‐(2‐pentyl‐cyclopropylmethyl)‐cyclopropyl]‐octanoic acid (DCP‐LA), a newly synthesized linoleic acid derivative with cyclopropane rings instead of cis‐double bonds, facilitated hippocampal synaptic transmission by stimulating glutamate release from presynaptic terminals as mediated via α7 acetylcholine (Ach) receptors under the influence of protein kinase C. The present study assessed the possibility of using DCP‐LA as a cognitive enhancer in animal models.Methods:  Amyloid‐β1−40 peptide (300 pM/day) or saline was continuously injected in the right lateral ventricle of rats for 2 weeks. Then, the water maze test was carried out, once per day for 7 days, 1 h after the intraperitoneal injection with DCP‐LA or saline. In a different set of experiments, rats were intraperitoneally injected with scopolamine (1 mg/kg) and the water maze test was performed twice per day, with the first test taking place 1 h after the intraperitoneal injection with DCP‐LA, galantamine or saline, and the second test starting 2 min after the end of the first.Results:  Continuous intraventricular injection with amyloid‐β1−40 peptide in the rat lateral ventricle prolonged the latency for acquisition in the water maze test. DCP‐LA (1 mg/kg, intraperitoneal (i.p.)) significantly improved the impairment, which reached a level similar to the latency for sham. Furthermore, DCP‐LA (1 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly ameliorated learning and memory deficits in rats treated with scopolamine and was, if not more, effective than galantamine, a modest inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase with nicotinic ACh receptor modulation.Conclusion:  The results of the present study show that DCP‐LA ameliorates learning and memory deficits induced by amyloid‐β1−40 peptide or scopolamine. DCP‐LA may thus offer new hope for dementia patients.