bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nurse‐led renal cell carcinoma clinic: a single center review
Authors: Thia I. , Tan A. , Botha E. , Picardo A. , Brown M. , Thyer I. , Abdul‐Hamid A. , Tan A. , Teichmann D. , Hayne D. , McCombie S.P. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundIn 2015 our centre introduced a nurse‐led renal cell cancer follow‐up protocol and clinic for patients who have undergone partial or radical nephrectomy for organ‐confined kidney tumours. The main aims of this clinic were to improve healthcare efficiency and standardize follow‐up processes.ObjectivesThe primary objective was to assess the effectiveness of a nurse‐led renal cell cancer follow up clinic in regard to surveillance protocol compliance and the timely identification and appropriate management of recurrences. A secondary objective was to evaluate this locally developed follow up protocol against the current European Association of Urology (EAU) guidelines surveillance protocol.Patient and MethodsAll patients who underwent a partial or radical nephrectomy between 2015 and 2021 at a single Western Australia institution for a primary renal malignancy were included. Data was collected from local clinical information systems and protocol adherence, recurrence characteristics and management were assessed. The current EAU guidelines were applied to the cohort to assess differences in risk‐stratification and theoretical outcomes between the protocols.ResultsAfter a mean follow up period of 31.2 months (range 0–77 months), 75.5% (185/245) of patients had all follow up imaging and reviews within 1 month of the timeframe scheduled on the protocol. 17.1% (42/245) had a delay in their follow up of more than a month at some stage, 5.7% (14/245) did not attend for follow up but had documented attempts to facilitate their compliance, and 0.4% (1/245) were lost to follow up with no evidence of attempted contact. 15.5% (38/245) of patients had recurrence of malignancy detected during follow up and these were all discussed in a multi‐disciplinary team (MDT) meeting. The recurrence rate was 2.5% (3/119) for low risk, 17.7% (14/79) for intermediate risk, and 44.7% (21/47) for high risk patients when they were re‐stratified according to EAU risk categories. No recurrences were detected through ultrasound (USS) or chest x‐ray (CXR) in this cohort and our protocol tended to place patients in higher risk‐stratification groups as compared to current EAU guidelines.ConclusionNurse‐led renal cell cancer follow up is a safe, reliable and effective clinical framework that has significant benefits in regard to resource utilization. USS and CXR are ineffective in detecting recurrence and Computerized tomography (CT) should be considered the imaging modality of choice for this purpose. The EAU surveillance protocol appears superior to our protocol, and we have therefore transitioned to the EAU guideline protocol going forward.
Impact of inflammatory bowel disease on the risk of acute coronary syndrome: A Swedish Nationwide Cohort Study
Authors: Eriksson Carl , Sun Jiangwei , Bryder Matti , Bröms Gabriella , Everhov Åsa H. , Forss Anders , Jernberg Tomas , Ludvigsson Jonas F. , Olén Ola 
Published: March 2024

SummaryBackgroundThere are conflicting data on the risk of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Only a few previous reports include patients diagnosed during the last decade.AimTo assess and compare the risk of ACS between patients with IBD and the general population.MethodsIn this cohort study, we used nationwide registers to identify patients diagnosed with IBD in Sweden 2003–2021. Every patient was matched by birth year, sex, calendar year and area of residence with up to 10 general population comparators. The primary outcome was incident ACS. We used semi‐parametric Cox proportional hazard models to estimate hazard ratios (HRs).ResultsWe identified 76,517 patients with IBD (Crohn's disease [CD], N = 22,732; ulcerative colitis [UC], N = 42,194 and IBD—unclassified, N = 11,591) and 757,141 comparators. During a median follow‐up of 8 years, 2546 patients with IBD (37.5/10,000 person‐years) were diagnosed with ACS compared with 19,598 (28.0/10,000 person‐years) among comparators (HR 1.30; 95% confidence interval 1.24–1.35) after adjustments for confounding factors, and approximately one extra case of ACS in 100 IBD patients followed for 10 years. The highest HRs for ACS were in patients with elderly onset IBD (≥60 years) and among patients with CD or UC with extra‐intestinal manifestations. No increased HRs were observed in patients diagnosed with IBD before the age of 40.ConclusionIn this contemporary cohort of patients with IBD, exposed to modern IBD care, there was an increased risk for ACS compared with individuals from the general population.
Sharing fieldnotes: Collaborative learning at the summer music festival
Authors: Buck‐Matthews Eveleigh 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSometimes there are moments within fieldwork that are unplanned and that point to the potential of new research practices. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork at summer music festivals in the UK, this paper considers two moments when fieldnotes were shared with participants, both during and after the festival. I explore the potential of these moments for expanding our understandings of the field but also highlight some of the issues with this way of incorporating people into our studies. Overall, I suggest that sharing fieldnotes can encourage a greater level of understanding of those we research, and promotes a higher level of involvement between research participants and research process.
Negotiating the insider–outsider dilemma in urban research: Experiences of a graduate student returning home for fieldwork
Authors: Bandauko Elmond 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAfrican doctoral students studying abroad and returning to their home countries for fieldwork face multiple and complex challenges. This paper reflexively addresses the question of positionality from the experiences of conducting research on urban governance and the spatial politics of street traders in Harare, Zimbabwe. The paper discusses dilemmas associated with navigating insider and outsider identities, showcasing how these categories continually shift while conducting research on street traders within a distinct socio‐cultural and political context. Moreover, the author's background as a former street trader, now pursuing a PhD at the University of Western Ontario in Canada, adds a layer of complexity to the situation, offering valuable insights into how these ‘multiple’ positionalities can either facilitate or hinder data collection. The paper underscores the nuanced experiences of the researcher in the field, shedding light on the potential challenges, pitfalls and opportunities inherent in grappling with one's positionality. By foregrounding these complexities, the paper contributes to our understanding of the positionalities of researchers in the social sciences and adds to the growing body of literature on methodologies for conducting urban studies, particularly with vulnerable populations.
Segmented growth of reactivated major bounding faults and their control on basin structures: Insights from the Nanpu Sag, Bohai Bay Basin, eastern China
Authors: Lou Rui , Sun Yong‐He , Tian Wen‐Guang , Gao Tian 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA thorough insight into the initiation, segmentation, propagation and interaction of multitrend basin‐bounding faults is crucial to restoring the growth history of the faults and clarifying the fault growth pattern and its influence on the structures developed along the margin due to the growth of the basin‐bounding faults, but systematic studies on the individual influence of the evolution of each fault segment on the present structure are lacking. Based on 3D seismic data, the timing and growth of multitrend basin‐bounding faults were analysed using T‐z plots and throw backstripping, allowing us to determine the individual effects that each fault segment evolution exerteds on the present‐day configuration of the northern margin of the Nanpu Sag. The basin‐bounding fault is composed of the Xinanzhuang and Baigezhuang faults, and the Xinanzhuang fault comprises three linked segments with varying orientations (i.e., NE–SW, E–W, and NNE–SSW). In comparison, the Baigezhuang fault comprises only two linked NW–SE‐oriented fault segments. The evolution process can be divided into three stages. (1) During the early synrift I stage, namely, the isolated fault stage, five isolated multitrend basin‐bounding segments were active. (2) During the late synrift I stage, namely, the hard‐linkage stage, the five segments propagated laterally and linked with each other, behaving as a single fault. Meanwhile, the NE‐trending No. 5 Fault bifurcated upward from the basin‐bounding fault to accommodate local stress, and the NW‐trending Gaobei Fault deviated from the basin‐bounding fault controlled by local stresses induced by differential activities of the multitrend fault segments under the same far‐field stress. (3) During the synrift II to postrift linkage development stage, the extension orientation changed from NW–SE‐ to N–S, and additional displacement accumulated along the basin‐bounding fault without further lateral propagation. Newly formed E–W‐trending faults developed orthogonal to the extension orientation and linked with preexisting NE‐ or NW‐trending faults, forming a complex fault zone. In addition, influenced by the geometry of the basin‐bounding fault, the Laoyemiao Anticline formed by gravitational collapse under the dual action of a rollover anticline and transverse anticline. Furthermore, the evolution of the basin‐bounding faults played an important role in controlling the source‐to‐sink system, and the transition zone was the main provenance channel formed by the segmented growth of the faults. This study provides new insight into multitrend large fault evolution, and their impact on basin development provides a comprehensive explanation of the later structures developed in polyphase rifts.
A multicentre case series of analytically confirmed gamma‐hydroxybutyrate intoxications in Western Australian emergency departments: Pre‐hospital circumstances, co‐detections and clinical outcomes
Authors: Smith Jennifer L. , Greene Shaun , McCutcheon David , Weber Courtney , Kotkis Ellie , Soderstrom Jessamine , Douglas Bianca , Lenton Simon , Grigg Jodie , Dessauer Paul , Ezard Nadine , Fatovich Daniel M. ,   the EDNA Investigators
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntroductionGamma‐hydroxybutyrate (GHB) use is associated with high risk of accidental overdose. This study examined the pre‐hospital circumstances, demographic characteristics and clinical outcomes of analytically confirmed GHB emergency department (ED) presentations in Western Australia (WA).MethodsThis case series was conducted across three WA EDs involved in the Emerging Drugs Network of Australia, from April 2020 to July 2022. Patient demographics, pre‐hospital drug exposure circumstances and ED presentation and outcome characteristics were collected from ambulance and hospital medical records of GHB‐confirmed cases.ResultsGHB was detected in 45 ED presentations. The median age was 34 years and 53.3% (n = 24) were female. Most patients arrived at the ED by ambulance (n = 37, 85.7%) and required immediate emergency care (Australasian Triage Score 1 or 2 = 97.8%). One‐third of patients were admitted to intensive care (n = 14, 31.1%). Methylamphetamine was co‐detected in 37 (82.2%) GHB‐confirmed cases. Reduced conscious state was indicated by first recorded Glasgow Coma Scale of ≤8 (n = 29, 64.4%) and observations of patients becoming, or being found, ‘unresponsive’ and ‘unconscious’ in various pre‐hospital settings (n = 28, 62.2%). ‘Agitated’ and/or ‘erratic’ mental state and behavioural observations were recorded in 20 (44.4%) cases.Discussion and ConclusionsAnalytically verified data from ED presentations with acute toxicity provides an objective information source on drug use trends and emerging public health threats. In our study, patients presenting to WA EDs with GHB intoxication were acutely unwell, often requiring intensive care treatment. The unexpectedly high proportion of female GHB intoxications and methylamphetamine co‐ingestion warrants further exploration.
Genotype diversity enhances invasion resistance of native plants via soil biotic feedbacks
Authors: Cheng Cai , Liu Zekang , Zhang Qun , Tian Xing , Ju Ruiting , Li Bo , van Kleunen Mark , Chase Jonathan M. , Wu Jihua 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAlthough native species diversity is frequently reported to enhance invasion resistance, within‐species diversity of native plants can also moderate invasions. While the positive diversity–invasion resistance relationship is often attributed to competition, indirect effects mediated through plant–soil feedbacks can also influence the relationship. We manipulated the genotypic diversity of an endemic species, Scirpus mariqueter, and evaluated the effects of abiotic versus biotic feedbacks on the performance of a global invader, Spartina alterniflora. We found that invader performance on live soils decreased non‐additively with genotypic diversity of the native plant that trained the soils, but this reversed when soils were sterilized to eliminate feedbacks through soil biota. The influence of soil biota on the feedback was primarily associated with increased levels of microbial biomass and fungal diversity in soils trained by multiple‐genotype populations. Our findings highlight the importance of plant–soil feedbacks mediating the positive relationship between genotypic diversity and invasion resistance.
‘Drivin' with your eyes closed’: Results from an international, blinded simulation experiment to evaluate spatial stock assessments
Authors: Goethel Daniel R. , Berger Aaron M. , Hoyle Simon D. , Lynch Patrick D. , Barceló Caren , Deroba Jonathan , Ducharme‐Barth Nicholas D. , Dunn Alistair , Fu Dan , Izquierdo Francisco , Marsh Craig , Xu Haikun , Correa Giancarlo M. , Langseth Brian J. , Maunder Mark N. , McKenzie Jeremy , Methot Richard D. , Vincent Matthew T. , A'mar Teresa , Cardinale Massimiliano , Cousido‐Rocha Marta , Davies Nick , Hampton John , Minte‐Vera Carolina , Urtizberea Agurtzane 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSpatial models enable understanding potential redistribution of marine resources associated with ecosystem drivers and climate change. Stock assessment platforms can incorporate spatial processes, but have not been widely implemented or simulation tested. To address this research gap, an international simulation experiment was organized. The study design was blinded to replicate uncertainty similar to a real‐world stock assessment process, and a data‐conditioned, high‐resolution operating model (OM) was used to emulate the spatial dynamics and data for Indian Ocean yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares). Six analyst groups developed both single‐region and spatial stock assessment models using an assessment platform of their choice, and then applied each model to the simulated data. Results indicated that across all spatial structures and platforms, assessments were able to adequately recreate the population trends from the OM. Additionally, spatial models were able to estimate regional population trends that generally reflected the true dynamics from the OM, particularly for the regions with higher biomass and fishing pressure. However, a consistent population biomass scaling pattern emerged, where spatial models estimated higher population scale than single‐region models within a given assessment platform. Balancing parsimony and complexity trade‐offs were difficult, but adequate complexity in spatial parametrizations (e.g., allowing time‐ and age‐variation in movement and appropriate tag mixing periods) was critical to model performance. We recommend expanded use of high‐resolution OMs and blinded studies, given their ability to portray realistic performance of assessment models. Moreover, increased support for international simulation experiments is warranted to facilitate dissemination of methodology across organizations.
The role of β‐adrenergic receptors in the regulation of cardiac tolerance to ischemia/reperfusion. Why do β‐adrenergic receptor agonists and antagonists protect the heart?
Authors: Maslov Leonid N. , Naryzhnaya Natalia V. , Voronkov Nikita S. , Kurbatov Boris K. , Derkachev Ivan A. , Ryabov Vyacheslav V. , Vyshlov Evgeny V. , Kolpakov Viktor V. , Tomilova Eugenia A. , Sapozhenkova Ekaterina V. , Singh Nirmal , Fu Feng , Pei Jianming 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundCatecholamines and β‐adrenergic receptors (β‐ARs) play an important role in the regulation of cardiac tolerance to the impact of ischemia and reperfusion. This systematic review analyzed the molecular mechanisms of the cardioprotective activity of β‐AR ligands.MethodsWe performed an electronic search of topical articles using PubMed databases from 1966 to 2023. We cited original in vitro and in vivo studies and review articles that documented the cardioprotective properties of β‐AR agonists and antagonists.ResultsThe infarct‐reducing effect of β‐AR antagonists did not depend on a decrease in the heart rate. The target for β‐blockers is not only cardiomyocytes but also neutrophils. β1‐blockers (metoprolol, propranolol, timolol) and the selective β2‐AR agonist arformoterol have an infarct‐reducing effect in coronary artery occlusion (CAO) in animals. Antagonists of β1‐ and β2‐АR (metoprolol, propranolol, nadolol, carvedilol, bisoprolol, esmolol) are able to prevent reperfusion cardiac injury. All β‐AR ligands that reduced infarct size are the selective or nonselective β1‐blockers. It was hypothesized that β1‐AR blocking promotes an increase in cardiac tolerance to I/R. The activation of β1‐AR, β2‐AR, and β3‐AR can increase cardiac tolerance to I/R. The cardioprotective effect of β‐AR agonists is mediated via the activation of kinases and reactive oxygen species production.ConclusionsIt is unclear why β‐blockers with the similar receptor selectivity have the infarct‐sparing effect while other β‐blockers with the same selectivity do not affect infarct size. What is the molecular mechanism of the infarct‐reducing effect of β‐blockers in reperfusion? Why did in early studies β‐blockers decrease the mortality rate in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and without reperfusion and in more recent studies β‐blockers had no effect on the mortality rate in patients with AMI and reperfusion? The creation of more effective β‐AR ligands depends on the answers to these questions.
No time to die: Epigenetic regulation of natural killer cell survival
Authors: Hermans Leen , O'Sullivan Timothy E. 
Published: March 2024

SummaryNK cells are short‐lived innate lymphocytes that can mediate antigen‐independent responses to infection and cancer. However, studies from the past two decades have shown that NK cells can acquire transcriptional and epigenetic modifications during inflammation that result in increased survival and lifespan. These findings blur the lines between the innate and adaptive arms of the immune system, and suggest that the homeostatic mechanisms that govern the persistence of innate immune cells are malleable. Indeed, recent studies have shown that NK cells undergo continuous and strictly regulated adaptations controlling their survival during development, tissue residency, and following inflammation. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of the critical factors regulating NK cell survival throughout their lifespan, with a specific emphasis on the epigenetic modifications that regulate the survival of NK cells in various contexts. A precise understanding of the molecular mechanisms that govern NK cell survival will be important to enhance therapies for cancer and infectious diseases.
A mixed‐method evaluation of peer‐led education about attitudes towards consumers' recovery among Mental Health Nurses working in acute inpatient psychiatric units
Authors: Sreeram Anju , Cross Wendy M. , Townsin Louise 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDespite integrating the recovery model of care in mental health, mental health professionals still have pessimistic attitudes towards the recovery of people with mental illness. Positive attitudes towards recovery are essential components to integrate recovery‐oriented practices in all areas of mental health. Evidence shows that education and training are effective while emphasising the importance of consumer‐based interventions to enhance recovery attitudes. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of peer‐led education about recovery attitudes towards people with mental illness among Mental Health Nurses working in acute inpatient settings. The methodology used was a sequential explanatory mixed method with pre‐ and post‐test design involving three phases. Phase 1: survey (n = 103), phase 2: post‐test survey immediate (n = 17) and follow‐up (n = 11) and phase 3: in‐depth interviews (n = 12). The results show that Mental Health Nurses have positive recovery attitudes with some room for improvement. Most participants agreed with all items of the Recovery Attitudes Questionnaire. However, the participants had various views on the relationship between faith and recovery. The peer‐led education significantly improved RAQ items 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6 statistically. Furthermore, peer‐led education effectively enhanced recovery attitudes immediately after the intervention and helped to maintain sustainable attitudes 3 months later. A qualitative exploration of recovery attitudes revealed three main themes: participants' reflections, recovery hurdles and interpersonal relationships.
Probable sleep and awake bruxism in adolescents: A path analysis
Authors: Aguiar Sara Oliveira , Ortiz Fernanda Ruffo , Hoffmam Gabriela de Faria e Barboza , Souza Gabriela Luiza Nunes , Prado Ivana Meyer , Abreu Lucas Guimarães , Auad Sheyla Márcia , Serra‐Negra Junia Maria 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundBruxism has a multifactorial etiology, including the influence of sleep characteristics and chronotypes.AimTo identify the pathways that influence the occurrence of probable sleep bruxism (PSB) and probable awake bruxism (PAB) in adolescents.DesignA total of 403 adolescents, aged 12–19 years, participated in the study. Parents/caregivers filled out a questionnaire about sociodemographic issues and the adolescent's health conditions, and the adolescents about sleep characteristics, occurrence of bruxism (based on previous study and the International Consensus of Bruxism), and chronotype (Circadian Energy Scale). Clinical examinations were performed. Statistical analysis included descriptive analysis and path analysis.ResultsPSB and PAB are related to each other, with moderate and positive correlation (β = .390). Poor sleep quality and higher household income had a direct effect on both PSB (β = −.138; β = .123, respectively) and PAB (β = −.155; β = .116, respectively). Chronotype had a direct effect on PSB, in such a way that adolescents with a morningness chronotype tend to have PSB (β = −.102). Adolescents that drool on the pillow (β = .184) and/or have agitated sleep (β = .104) tend to have PSB.ConclusionPoor sleep quality, household income, morningness chronotype profile, drooling on the pillow, and agitated sleep influence the paths taken by PSB. PAB was influenced by the quality of sleep and family income.