bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The osteogenic transcription factor Runx2 regulates components of the fibroblast growth factor/proteoglycan signaling axis in osteoblasts
Authors: Teplyuk Nadiya M. , Haupt Larisa M. , Ling Ling , Dombrowski Christian , Mun Foong Kin , Nathan Saminathan S. , Lian Jane B. , Stein Janet L. , Stein Gary S. , Cool Simon M. , van Wijnen Andre J. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractHeparan sulfate proteoglycans cooperate with basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF/FGF2) signaling to control osteoblast growth and differentiation, as well as metabolic functions of osteoblasts. FGF2 signaling modulates the expression and activity of Runt‐related transcription factor 2 (Runx2/Cbfa1), a key regulator of osteoblast proliferation and maturation. Here, we have characterized novel Runx2 target genes in osteoprogenitors under conditions that promote growth arrest while not yet permitting sustained phenotypic maturation. Runx2 enhances expression of genes related to proteoglycan‐mediated signaling, including FGF receptors (e.g., FGFR2 and FGFR3) and proteoglycans (e.g., syndecans [Sdc1, Sdc2, Sdc3], glypicans [Gpc1], versican [Vcan]). Runx2 increases expression of the glycosyltransferase Exostosin‐1 (Ext1) and heparanase, as well as alters the relative expression of N‐linked sulfotransferases (Ndst1 = Ndst2 > Ndst3) and enzymes mediating O‐linked sulfation of heparan sulfate (Hs2st > Hs6st) or chondroitin sulfate (Cs4st > Cs6st). Runx2 cooperates with FGF2 to induce expression of Sdc4 and the sulfatase Galns, but Runx2 and FGF2 suppress Gpc6, thus suggesting intricate Runx2 and FGF2 dependent changes in proteoglycan utilization. One functional consequence of Runx2 mediated modulations in proteoglycan‐related gene expression is a change in the responsiveness of bone markers to FGF2 stimulation. Runx2 and FGF2 synergistically enhance osteopontin expression (>100 fold), while FGF2 blocks Runx2 induction of alkaline phosphatase. Our data suggest that Runx2 and the FGF/proteoglycan axis may form an extracellular matrix (ECM)‐related regulatory feed‐back loop that controls osteoblast proliferation and execution of the osteogenic program. J. Cell. Biochem. 107: 144–154, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hydrostatic pressures promote initial osteodifferentiation with ERK1/2 not p38 MAPK signaling involved
Authors: Liu Jun , Zhao Zhihe , Li Juan , Zou Ling , Shuler Charles , Zou Yuanwen , Huang Xuejin , Li Mingli , Wang Jun 
Published: March 2009

AbstractMechanical stress has been considered to be an important factor in bone remodeling and recent publications have shown that mechanical stress can regulate the direction of stem cell differentiation. The exact mechanobiological effects of pressure on initial osteodifferentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have not been determined. These mechanobiological mechanisms may be important both in biological responses during orthodontic tooth movement and in the development of new mechanobiological strategies for bone tissue engineering. We investigated the effects of static (23 kPa) or dynamic (10–36 kPa and at 0.25 Hz frequency) pressure on MSCs during the initial process of osteoblastic differentiation following treatment with dexamethasone, β‐glycerophosphate and ascorbic acid (for 0, 3, and 7 days, respectively). The following parameters were analyzed in the ALPase activity, mRNA level of osteogenesis‐related transcription factors (Runx2, Osterix, Msx2, and Dlx5), and phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK. The results showed that exposure to either dynamic or static pressure induced initial osteodifferentiation of MSCs. Particularly both types of pressure strongly stimulated the expression of osteogenesis‐related factors of totally undifferentiated MSCs. ERK signaling participated in early osteodifferentiation and played a positive but non‐critical role in mechanotransduction, whereas p38 MAPK was not involved in this process. Furthermore, the undifferentiated MSCs were highly sensitive to pressure exposure; whereas after osteoinduction MSCs reacted to pressure in a lower response state. The findings should lead to further studies to unveil the complex initial biological mechanisms of bone remodeling and regeneration upon mechanical stimuli. J. Cell. Biochem. 107: 224–232, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The MTSOCS: A multidimensional sense of community scale for local communities
Authors: Prezza Miretta , Pacilli Maria Giuseppina , Barbaranelli Claudio , Zampatti Emanuela 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe aim of this study was to validate the Multidimensional Territorial Sense of Community Scale (MTSOCS), a new theory‐driven sense of community scale referred to the geographical community. Starting from McMillan and Chavis' theoretical dimensions, five subscales (Membership, Shared Influence, Social Climate and Bonds, Help in Case of Need, and Needs Fulfillment) were proposed. The MTSOCS, a sociodemographic questionnaire, and several other instruments were administered to three groups of adults (for a total of 781 participants). Confirmatory factor analysis of all participants' data showed that the five subscales were good from a statistical point of view. Tests of factorial invariance showed that the five‐factor model of the MTSOCS is basically the same across different‐sized territorial communities: small towns, cities and metropolis neighborhoods. The total score of the scale and the five subscales showed good construct validity. A positive relationship emerged between total MTSOCS score and participation in groups/associations, cohabitation, community identification, life satisfaction, perceived social support, interpersonal trust and trust in local government. More complex relationships emerged between the five subscales and the other variables, confirming the usefulness of also having the single subscale scores. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Helping the soul: the relationship between connectivity and well‐being within a church community
Authors: Obst Patricia , Tham Naomi 
Published: March 2009

AbstractAlthough previous research attests to the importance of psychological sense of community (PSOC) to individuals' well‐being, little research has examined this relationship for the four proposed dimensions of PSOC: membership, influence, integration and fulfillment of needs, and shared emotional connection (McMillan & Chavis, 1986). Further, little research has explored multiple aspects of community connectivity in the one study. The current research investigated the relationship between participants' (N=127) religiosity, PSOC, social support, and identification within a church community context and their well‐being. Results indicated that the PSOC dimensions of shared emotional connection and influence were particularly important in the prediction of well‐being in this context. Further, individuals' perception of social support mediated the relationship between PSOC and well‐being and the strength of individuals' identification as a church member enhanced the relationships of both PSOC and religiosity with well‐being. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Housing stability among homeless individuals with serious mental illness participating in housing first programs
Authors: Pearson Carol , Montgomery Ann Elizabeth , Locke Gretchen 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThis article presents findings from an exploratory study of three programs using the Housing First approach to provide permanent supportive housing for single, homeless adults with serious mental illness and often co‐occurring substance‐related disorders. This approach provides direct, or nearly direct, access to housing that is intended to be permanent without requiring sobriety or psychiatric treatment. Findings from the three programs examined for this study indicate that the Housing First approach may help the hardest‐to‐serve chronically homeless population achieve housing stability. Of the 80 participants tracked over 12 months, 84% remained enrolled in the Housing First program for 1 year following program entry. One half of those spent every night in their Housing First unit, while the others spent some time in other living environments. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Assembling heterochromatin in the appropriate places: A boost is needed
Authors: Rusche Laura N. , Lynch Patrick J. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractHeterochromatin, or condensed chromatin, has the potential to encroach into what ordinarily would be euchromatin and repress resident genes. We explore how heterochromatin is restricted to the appropriate regions of the genome, using Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a case study and emphasizing two under‐appreciated aspects of silenced chromatin. First, the capacity of silenced chromatin to propagate along a chromosome is limited by the intrinsic instability of the structure. We argue that this limited potential to spread is an important factor restricting silenced chromatin to the vicinity of recruitment sites (silencers). Second, this limited capacity to spread creates the need for additional mechanisms to stabilize silenced chromatin at the required locations. Such mechanisms include the use of multiple silencers and higher‐order arrangements of the chromatin fiber. Therefore, to understand how silenced chromatin is restricted to the appropriate genomic locations, researchers must take into account the mechanisms by which silenced chromatin is stabilized in appropriate locations. J. Cell. Physiol. 219: 525–528, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fine structure and formation of the eggshell in scorpionfly Panorpa liui Hua (Mecoptera: Panorpidae)
Authors: Ma Na , Hua Baozhen 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe morphology and formation of the eggshell in the scorpionfly Panorpa liui Hua were examined with light microscopy and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. During oogenesis of the scorpionfly, the follicle cells multiply by mitotic divisions and diversify into four morphologically distinct subpopulations, three of which are engaged in the eggshell formation and mold various parts of chorion. The eggshell consists of three layers: An inner vitelline membrane, an outer chorion, and a precursor extrachorion. The chorion constitutes a very compact endochorion, a rough fibrillar exochorion, and a polygonal meshwork of elevated ridges. At proximal end of ovarioles the chorion of matured oocyte is covered with a loose membrane, which might be the remnant of follicle cells. The jelly substance, which acts as lubricant to protect the oviducts and ovulated eggs during ovulation, might add to the top of polygonal ridges as the outermost extrachorion after oviposition. The eggshell formation process in Panorpa is tentatively proposed. Microsc. Res. Tech. 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A cineradiographic study of lung ventilation in Alligator mississippiensis
Authors: Claessens Leon P.A.M. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe skeletal and visceral kinematics of lung ventilation of the American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) was examined using cineradiography, pneumotachometry, and intrapulmonary pressure recording. The respiratory pattern of A. mississippiensis is intermittent and diphasic. The inspiratory lung volume is retained during the non‐ventilatory period through closure of the glottis. The aspiration pump of A. mississippiensis consists of multiple components: visceral movement, pubic rotation, gastralial movement, and costosternal movement, which vary independently in their contribution to lung ventilation. Vertebral flexion and extension is also observed, and may be a passive artifact of costal displacement. The amount of craniocaudal visceral movement during lung ventilation is variable, and can produce as much as 60% of the tidal volume. Pubic rotation is not directly coupled to visceral movement and contributes a relatively small percentage of the tidal volume, approximately 4% on average, as does vertebral flexion, which contributes less than 3%. Costosternal movement contributes the remaining majority of tidal volume, generally over 40%. The gastralia stiffen the abdominal wall and likely facilitate unified displacement of the abdominal wall. Tripartite ribs facilitate thoracic movement, allowing substantial excursion of the body wall. A relatively abrupt change in position of the vertebral parapophysis in the anterior thorax results in an increase in lateral rib movement in the posterior half of the thorax. The crocodylian aspiration pump appears to consist of a derived pelvic and diaphragmatic breathing pump combined with a basal costosternal and gastralial aspiration pump. J. Exp. Zool. 311A:563–585, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Alkaline degradation of tetraazahomoadamantane derivatives
Authors: Kang J. B. , Sen G. , Thyagarajan B. S. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractAlkaline degradation of 1,3‐6,8‐tetraazatricyclo [4,4,1,13,8)dodecane (V) and 11‐Thia‐1,3,5,7‐tetraazatricyclo[3,3,1,13,7 ]undecane‐11,11‐dioxide (VIII) are shown to generate readily formaldehyde and the respective amines, followed by resynthesis of imidazolidines in the presence of acylating or sulfonylating agents.
Natural coumarins. Part XIV. synthesis of some isoprenyl ethers of psoralene hydroquinone and related products
Authors: Abu‐Mustafa E. A. , El‐Bay F. K. A. , El‐Khrisy E. A. M. , Fayez M. B. E. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractPartial demethylation of isopimpinellin and methylation of psoralene hydroquinone afforded 5‐methoxy‐9‐hydroxypsoralene. The corresponding 5‐isoprenyloxy derivative was used in the synthesis of cnidilin and its epoxy and glycol derivatives, which are all biogenetically feasible; the fatter two having as yet not been isolated from natural sources.
Studies on the syntheses of heterocyclie compounds. Part DXXVII.. the absolute configuration of 1,2,3,4‐tetrahydro‐1‐phenylisoquinolines
Authors: Kametani Tetsuji , Shibuya Shiroshi , Sugi Hideo , Fukumoto Keiichiro 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe absolute configuraiton at the C1‐position of 1,2,3,4‐tetrahydro‐1‐phenylisoquinolines can be deduced from the CD curves of either the free base or its methiodide. Furthermore, the absolute con figuration of (+)‐2‐amino‐1‐(3‐hydroxyphenyl)ethanol (V) was revised and found to have R‐configuration at the C1 ‐position.
Synthesis of isomeric N‐substituted 5‐methyl‐2H‐1,2,6‐thiadiazin‐3(6H)one 1,1‐dioxides from sulfamides and diketene
Authors: Diez J. , García‐Muñoz G. , Madroñero R. , Stud M. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe reaction of N‐n‐butyl and N‐benzylsulfamides with diketene in acetic acid solution in the presence of mercuric cyanide as a catalyst, afforded the corresponding 5‐methyl‐2‐substituted‐2H‐1,2,6‐thiadiazin‐3(6H)one 1,1‐dioxides. The reaction of the above mentioned sulfamides with diketene in an aqueous alkaline medium resulted in the isolation of the corresponding N‐aceto‐acetyl‐N' ‐substituted‐sulfamides, which were then converted into 5‐methyl‐6‐substituted‐2H‐1,2,6‐thiadiazin‐3(6H)one 1,1‐dioxides. Catalytic hydrogenation of the 5‐methyl‐2‐ and 6‐n‐butyl‐2H‐1,2,6‐thiadiazin‐3(6H)one 1,1‐dioxides furnished the corresponding dihydro‐derivatives. The structures of the isomeric 1,2,6‐thiadiazine 1,1‐dioxide derivatives obtained were assigned on the basis of nmr spectroscopic studies.
Quinazolines and 1,4‐benzodiazepines LVII. 1H‐1,4‐benzodiazepines
Authors: Fryer R. Ian , Coffen D. L. , Earley J. V. , Walser A. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe preparation of the title compounds 3 and 4 using two different methods of synthesis is described. These compounds are readily reduced to 2,3‐dihydro‐1H‐derivatives 5. Oxidation of 2‐alkylthio‐1H‐1,4‐benzodiazepines leads to the corresponding sulfoxides and sulfones. The oxidative rearrangement of sulfones 9 to a 2H‐1,4‐benzodiazepin‐2‐one derivative 10 is also given. The “normal” addition of azodicarboxylate together with an unusual addition of two moles of acetylenedicarboxylate to the enamine double bond of 1H compounds is discussed.
Mesoionic purinone analogs. II. A PPP π‐SCF variable integral study of mesoionie analogs based upon six‐membered ring mesoionie systems
Authors: Coburn R. A. , Crapellotti R. A. , Glennon R. A. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractA large virtually unknown class of mesoionic structures which are isoconjugate to the purinones may be formulated as bicyclie derivatives of known six‐membered ring mesoionie compounds. These mesoionic purinone analogs have been investigated via variable‐electronegativity PPP‐SCF treatments of their π‐electron systems. The electronic structures of these analogs are compared with those of their covalent isomers and with other mesoionie purinone analogs.
CNDO/2 calculations of some polyazaindenes
Authors: Paudler William W. , Chasman Jonathan N. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe theoretically estimated dipole moments of indolizine, imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridine, imidazo‐[1,5‐a]pyridine and of pyrazolo[ 1,5‐a]pyridine obtained by the CNDO/2 approximation have been compared with the experimental values. The bond angles and bond distances for these polyazaindenes have been estimated.
Heterocyclic N‐glycosyl derivatives. XIV. Preparation of some N‐(2,3‐dideoxyglycopyranosyl)benzotriazoles by hydrogenation of N‐(pent‐ and hex‐2‐enopyranosyl)benzotriazoles
Authors: Fuertes M. , García‐Muñoz G. , de las Heras F. G. , Madronero R. , Stud M. , Rico M. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractCatalytic hydrogenation of a series of N‐(pent‐ and hex‐2‐enopyranosyl)benzotriazoles afforded the corresponding saturated N‐glycosyl derivatives having the same anomeric configuration as the starting compounds. The conformations of all compounds obtained were determined by nmr spectroscopy. The hexopyranosyl nucleosides in solution adopt the Cl conformation. On the other hand, pentopyranosyl nucleosides exist as a mixture of the two chair conformers in equilibrium, with the IC or CI (L) form predominating.
Etude cinétique comparée de la substitution nucléophile de quelques chloro‐2 pyridines condensées
Authors: Bourzat Jean‐Dominique , Bisagni El éMile 
Published: March 2009

AbstractUne étude cinétique comparée de la substitution nucléophile de quelques chloro‐2 pyridines condensées à d'autres hétérocycles met en évidence certains phénomènes d'autocatalyse et montre que la vitesse des réactions en cause est accélerée dans les solvants acides.Les constantes de vitesse concernant les substitutions nucléophiles en question permettent de donner une classification de la réactivité des dilférents dérivés chlorés des hétérocycles étudiés avec la pipéridine, ceci par rapport à la chloro‐2 pyridine.
Synthesis and rearrangements of 2,3,4,5‐tetrahydro‐3‐benzazocin‐6(1H)ones
Authors: Comer William T. , Call John D. , Matier W. Lesley , Combs Charles M. , Dykstra Stanley J. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe preparation of 3‐benzenesulfonyl‐ and 3‐benzoyl‐2,3,4,5‐tetrahydro‐3‐benzazoein‐6(1H)‐ones by intramolecular acylation is described. Acid catalyzed rearrangements of these 3‐benzazocin‐6‐ones occurs by 3,4‐bond cleavage, which is followed by intramolecular or intermolecular alkylation, to produce indanones (i.e. XIV) or a 3,4‐dihydroisoquinoline (II), respectively. In addition to spectral support for these structures, an independent synthesis of II is described from a known 3,4‐dihydroisoquinoline. Two rearrangements of 3‐benzazocin‐6‐ones under alkaline conditions are also described, and the products are again evidence for 3,4‐bond cleavage to vinylphenones. These beuzazocine rearrangements have been observed only with the 6‐keto compounds.
The crystal steueture of phenoxatellurine, C12H8OTe
Authors: Smith M. R. , Mangion M. M. , Zingaro R. A. , Meyers E. A. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe crystal structure of phenoxatellurine, C12H8OTe, was determined by X‐ray diffracto‐meter methods. The crystals are orthorhorhorhombic, P21 21 21, a = 6.036(1), b = 8.160(1), c = 20.717(5) Å at t = 22°. The positions of all atoms, including hydrogen, were found. The central ring is folded along the Te‐O axis (138°). Average bond distances are Te‐C = 2.098, C‐O = 1.397, C‐C = 1.382 Å. The phenyl rings are planar with a dihedral angle of 145°; C‐Te‐C = 89.4(3)°, C‐O‐C = 121.2(5)°. The structure is compared to those of phenoxathionine and pheuothiazine.
The crystal structure of phenoxatellurine dinitrate, C12H8O7N2Te
Authors: Mangion M. M. , Smith M. R. , Meyers E. A. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe crystal structure of phenoxatellurine dinitrate, C12H8O7N2Te, has been determined by x‐ray diffractometer methods. The crystals are monoclinic, C2/c, a = 12.916(3), b = 14.050(5), c = 7.532(2) Å; β = 96.65(3)° at t = 22°. The molecule is nearly planar (175°), with the Te and O atoms of the central ring in special positions on the twofold symmetry axis. The bond distances for the central ring are: Te‐C = 2.068(4) Å, C‐O = 1.366(5), C‐C = 1.388(6) with C‐Te‐C = 93.5(2)° and C‐O‐C = 128.2(5). The bond distances and angles in the phenyl rings do not differ significantly from the normally accepted values of 1.40 Å and 120°. The two nitrate groups are close to Te and are related by the twofold axis of symmetry. The independent distances and angles are: Te‐O1 = 2.201(3), O1‐N = 1.325(5), N‐02 = 1.229(6), N‐O3 = 1.204(6) Å, O2‐N‐O3 = 126.3(4), O1‐N‐02 = 117.1(4), O1‐N‐03 = 116.6(4)°. All hydrogen atoms were located at or near their calculated positions. The final R value for 1679 independent reflections was 0.031.The planarity of the molecule is discussed qualitatively in terms of simple molecular orbital theory.
Zur thermolyse von methantriearbon‐bzw‐tetraearbonsäure‐(N‐α‐naphthylamiden)
Authors: Melallidis Andreas , Theodoropoulos Dimitrios 
Published: March 2009

AbstractDie Thermolysem von Methantricarbon‐bzw‐tetraearbonsäure‐(N‐α‐naphthylamiden) bei ver‐mindertem Druck führt in guten Ausbenten zu in 3 bzw. 1,3‐Stellung substit. 4‐Hydroxy‐2‐oxo‐1,2‐dihydrobenzo[h] chinolinderivaten.
Unsymmetrically substituted furoxans. IIII. Methylnitrofuroxan: Its structure and behavior toward nucleophilie substitution
Authors: Gasco A. , Mortarini V. , Ruà G. , Serafino A. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractA series of unsymmetrically substituted furoxans have been prepared from methyinitro‐furoxan and a variety of nucleophilic reagents. The nmr study of these compounds and of their parent furazans suggested the structure of 3‐methyl derivatives for all the furoxans synthesized: on this ground the 3‐methyl structure for methylnitrofuroxan was proposed. On heating some 3‐methylfuroxan derivatives, a partial isomerization into the corresponding 4‐methyl isomers occurred.
Nucleosides LXXXII. Synthetic studies on nucleoside antibioties. 12. Synthesis of 1‐[3,4‐didoxy‐4‐(sarcosyl‐D‐seryl)amino‐β‐D‐ribohexopyranosyl]cytosine, and analog of gougerotin
Authors: Chin T. M. K. , Warnock D. H. , Watanabc K. A. , Fox J. J. 
Published: March 2009

Abstract1‐[3,4Dideoxy‐4(sarcosyl‐D‐seryl)amino‐β‐Dribohexopyranosyl]cytosine (3), a 3′‐dcoxy‐5′‐hydroxymethyl analog of gougerotin, was synthesized from 3dexoy‐βxylohexopyranose (3‐dexoy‐D‐galactos)tetraacetate (4.