bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of cognitive–behavioral counseling of pregnant women with the presence of a spouse on stress, anxiety, and postpartum depression
Authors: Dafei Maryam , Mojahed Shahnaz , Dastjerdi Ghasem , Dehghani Ali , Ardakani Tayebeh Shojaaddini 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
Pregnant women are classified as one of the vulnerable groups. Physiological and psychological changes during pregnancy predispose them to serious psychiatric disorders; if not identified and treated in time, it can have a negative and long-term impact on mental health. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of cognitive–behavioral counseling of pregnant women with the presence of a spouse on the level of stress, anxiety, and postpartum depression.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The present study is a clinical trial that was performed on 40 pregnant women with a gestational age of 32–28 weeks (20 in the intervention group, 20 in the control group) who were randomly assigned to the intervention group and the control group according to the inclusion criteria. Cognitive–behavioral group counseling in the presence of spouses was performed by the midwife and under the supervision of a psychologist, in eight sessions, each session lasting 90 min, once a week for the intervention group. The control group received routine care and a counseling session. Data collection tools were demographic information questionnaire and Depression–Anxiety–Stress Scale 21, which were completed before the intervention, immediately after the intervention, and on the 14th day after delivery in both groups. Data analysis was performed using statistical tests, independent t-test, repeated measures test, Bonferroni post hoc test, and Kolmogorov–Smirnov test.

RESULTS:
The results of this study showed that the mean scores of stress, anxiety, and depression in the two groups in the preintervention stage were not significantly different (P < 0.05), but in the postintervention stage and follow-up, the mean scores of stress (P < 0.001), depression (P = 0.010), and anxiety (P = 0.029) in the intervention group were significantly reduced compared to the control group.

CONCLUSION:
According to the research findings, cognitive–behavioral group counseling can be effective as an approach in improving the symptoms of stress, anxiety, and depression in pregnant women. Therefore, it is necessary to plan properly to use this counseling approach to manage stress, anxiety, and depression in women during pregnancy.
Predictors and prevalence of periodontitis among pregnant women of slum areas of Patna, India
Authors: Singh Supriya , Nazeer Jazib , Singh Revati , Kavita Kumari , Iqubal Md Asad , Singh Rohit 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
There is abundant documentation in literature that presence of maternal periodontal infections has been attributed to serious health problem to the mother and the child. Regular evaluation of any illness burden is required for planning preventive and treatment strategies and fills the existing health gap. There is a lack of literature about the predictors and prevalence of periodontal diseases in expectant women in the slum areas of Patna.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
It was a cross-sectional study conducted on pregnant women of slum areas of Patna, Bihar, by convenience sampling method. Using a questionnaire, data collection was carried for demographic and oral hygiene habits information. Periodontal examination was done using modified community periodontal index criteria (WHO, 2013) by recording bleeding on probing (BoP), periodontal pockets (PD) and loss of attachment (LoA). The prevalence of potential predictors was estimated and bivariate analysis was performed with BoP, PD, and LoA and then to explore the prevalence of odds ratio (ORs) multivariate logistic regression framework was employed. The level of significance was kept at P < 0.05.

RESULTS:
A higher level of BoP and PD was observed among women who had the habit of cleaning their teeth once daily a day than those who cleaned their teeth with brush twice a day. Oral cleanliness (hygiene) frequency established the maximum OR of 2.77 (2.07–3.71) for BoP. Gingival bleeding robustly was related with PD. Among all multivariate framework of predictors of LoA, BoP, and PD came as the firmest predictors.

CONCLUSION:
Teaching correctly how to maintain oral hygiene and periodic periodontal check-up can improvise the general well-being and adverse pregnancy outcomes can be lessened.
Criteria and components of the emergency and disaster database in Iran
Authors: Mazhin Sadegh Ahmadi , Farrokhi Mehrdad , Noroozi Mehdi , Roudini Juliet , Hosseini Seyed Ali , Motlagh Mohammad Esmaeil , Kolivand Pirhossein , Khankeh Hamidreza 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
Nowadays, emergencies and disasters are considered one of the biggest problems in human life. To reduce the risk of emergencies and disasters, governments must develop strategies and policies using evidence-based methods. Disaster databases are the main source and tool for storing and managing a wide range of data in this field. This study was conducted with the aim of exploring the necessary criteria and components of the emergency and disasters database in Iran.

MARTIALS AND METHODS:
This qualitative study was performed using content analysis in which 18 managers and experts with experience in registering, documenting, or responding to emergencies and disasters were selected through purposive sampling. Data collection was done using semi-structured interviews that continued until saturation. Data were analyzed by means of qualitative content analysis recommended by Landman and Graneheim.

RESULTS:
In total, three main concepts concerning the necessary criteria and components of the database of natural and artificial emergencies and disasters in Iran were explored. The main concepts include information resources, information evaluation, and information management. Subconcepts include data collection, information transfer, access to information, information validation, disaster leveling, information registering, information storage and retrieval, information analysis, and information dissemination.

CONCLUSION:
The experience of the participants showed that there are many challenges in the field of monitoring and gathering information about injuries and damages caused by emergencies and disasters in the country. The knowledge obtained from this study can be used to create and develop a database of emergencies and disasters in Iran. It will also provide insights for healthcare policymakers and managers in future planning areas to more effectively address identified challenges in preventing and responding to disasters at both regional and national levels.
Prevalence of primary osteoporosis and low bone mass in postmenopausal women and related risk factors
Authors: Hemmati Elnaz , Mirghafourvand Mojgan , Mobasseri Majid , Shakouri Seyed Kazem , Mikaeli Parvaneh , Farshbaf-Khalili Azizeh 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
Globally, 30% of female over 50 years old have osteoporosis. This disease is one of the major causes of disability and death in the elderly. This research was aimed to determine the prevalence of primary osteoporosis and low bone density based on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women and its sociodemographic, obstetric, and life style risk factors.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study was performed by simple random sampling on 850 postmenopausal women aged 50–65 years covered by all health centers, from August 2018 to April 2019, in Tabriz-Iran. Four hundred and forty-five eligible women underwent densitometry using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in the lumbar spine and femoral neck. Socio-individual, obstetric-medical, international physical activity questionnaires-short form, and anthropometric questionnaires were completed. Data analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics including multivariate logistic regression in SPSS 21 software.

RESULTS:
The prevalence of primary osteoporosis based on lumbar vertebra T-score, femoral neck T-score, and total was 23.4%, 3.4%, and 24.5%, respectively, and the prevalence of primary osteopenia based on lumbar vertebra T-score, femur neck T-score, and total was 42%, 35.5%, and 43.6%, respectively. The present study showed that the odds of osteoporosis increased by increment of age (odds ratio [OR]: 1.18; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07–1.30), but it decreased by increasing menopausal age (OR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.85–1.01), body mass index (OR: 0.87; 95% CI: 0.78–0.97), arm circumference (OR: 0.84; 95% CI: 0.74–0.95), and education level (P = 0.028). It was higher in unmarried women (OR: 2.65; 95% CI: 0.99–7.08) and those with nonpersonal housing (OR: 4.02; 95% CI: 1.24–13.07).

CONCLUSIONS:
Given the high prevalence of primary osteoporosis and low bone mass in postmenopausal women, health education is necessary for preventing modifiable risk factors and reducing the complications of this disease.
Approaches and perspectives for online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic and future chaos
Authors: Nesar Shagufta , Rafiq Kiran , Rizwan Muhammad , Hasan Syed Mehmood 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
Online learning (OLL) methodology has been incorporated in higher education extensively on the mount over the last few decades and with the onset of COVID-19 situation, the virtual method in academia became essential. After observing worldly destructions and death due to coronavirus, the WHO declared a high alert emergency, and since Pakistan started to follow lockdown since March 2020 to prevent high penetration and consequently, the online teaching method was adapted to keep the learning atmosphere alive. The study is aimed to identify the influencing factors and compliance for the implementation of the OLL system in COVID-19 and, in the future, nonpandemic state as well.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The present study is designed to observe the adaptability and hurdles among pharmacy students, and for the purpose of the study, a questionnaire on the Likert scale was developed and asked to respond from pharmacy undergraduate and postgraduate students after taking consensus, which further analyzed through IBM SPSS Statistics Version 26.

RESULTS:
The outcomes of the study were analyzed with a high level of conformity; however, the gender-based reservations were observed, and moreover, merits of OLL were observed with high jeopardy.

CONCLUSION:
The adaptation of OLL, though proved as the only troubleshooter in an uncontrollable situation and enabled universities, professors, and students for patience, resilience, and hopefully, will serve as swift safeguard for future challenges of epidemic and pandemic disasters. According to the evolution theory, brain adaptability and plasticity of human organisms grow the capacity to adjust itself with an advanced characteristic.
The relationship between emotional intelligence, social responsibility, and job performance in health service providers
Authors: Najimi Arash , Doustmohamadi Parvin , Omid Athar 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
Responsibility of individuals in adapting to life events depends on the intertwined cooperation of intellectual and emotional capacities, and a person's success in life depends on his emotional responses. Given that health-care providers are at the forefront of providing health services, they need to improve their job performance with better control of their emotions and better social relationships. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between emotional intelligence, social responsibility, and job performance in health-care providers and caregivers.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A cross-sectional correlational study was performed on 270 health workers working in the western cities of Isfahan province in the first quarter of 1998 by random classification sampling method. To collect information, two questionnaires of Bradbury emotional intelligence, responsibility, social responsibility, whose validity and reliability had been proven in previous studies, and job performance scores of the samples were used. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive tests and Pearson correlation.

RESULTS:
The participants were 270 health workers and caregivers with a mean age of 34.54 ± 7.26. 87.5% of the samples were female and 21.5% were male. The mean score of social responsibility was 124.95 ± 10.41, the mean score of emotional intelligence was 125.58 ± 15.86, and the mean score of job performance was 86.91 ± 9.0.18. The results of Pearson correlation showed that all four components of social responsibility and total emotional intelligence have a significant correlation at the level of 0.01. Total emotional intelligence and each of its components did not show a significant correlation with job performance. Between social responsibility and job performance of health workers, only the moral component significantly predicts job performance (r = 0.133 and P = 0.026).

CONCLUSION:
Although the results of the study showed that the job performance, social responsibility, and emotional intelligence of the study group were desirable, the score of some components of social responsibility and emotional intelligence is lower than their maximum score. In addition, according to the results of the study that showed the relationship between emotional intelligence and social responsibility and some of their components with job performance, improving the knowledge and skills of health-care providers and caregivers in the field of social responsibility and emotional intelligence and their components seems necessary.
Factors affecting substance use relapse among Iranian addicts
Authors: Mousali Amir Abbas , Bashirian Saeed , Barati Majid , Mohammadi Younes , Moeini Babak , Moradveisi Latif , Sharma Manoj 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
Substance use relapse after treatment is one of the most important aspects of addiction. The present study aimed to investigate the factors affecting the substance use relapse among Iranian addicts.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2019 on 396 addicts referring to the addiction treatment centers in Hamadan, who were selected using a cluster random sampling method. The data were collected by a two-section questionnaire (demographic variables and risk factors for substance abuse recurrence). The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis.

RESULTS:
The participants' mean (standard deviation) age was 36.56 (8.8) years, and 84.6% of the participants had a history of relapse. The logistic regression analysis revealed that marital status (odds ratio [OR] = 2.594; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.472–4.570), personal willingness (OR = 8.186; 95% CI: 1.875–35.738), pleasure (OR = 2.738; 95% CI: 1.122–6.679), drug availability (OR = 3.392; 95% CI: 1.023–11.247), family disputes (OR = 4.583; 95% CI: 1.345–15.609), an addicted friend (OR = 2.693; 95% CI: 1.014–7.157), and close addicted relatives (OR = 3.513;95% CI: 1.193–10.348) were the main predictors of addiction relapse (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION:
The present study confirmed the effect of several factors (namely demographic, individual, interpersonal, environmental, and behavioral) on the substance use relapse. Accordingly, designing and implementing some interventions based on the findings of the present study may contribute to preventing substance use relapse.
The social-cognitive determinants of calcium intake for preventing osteoporosis in women in Isfahan
Authors: Nematollahi Mahin , Eslami Ahmad Ali 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
Osteoporosis is a common disease in women over age 45 years. Calcium intake is among the factors that help prevent osteoporosis. Identifying the social-cognitive determinants of calcium intake can have a major role in the development of osteoporosis prevention programs.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This cross-sectional study was conducted on 400 women aged <50 years from 10 health centers by cluster sampling in Isfahan in 2016. A hypothetical social-cognitive model was assessed using path analysis, and the fit indices and explanatory power of the model were assessed. The constructs, including self-efficacy, outcome expectations, social support, and self-regulation, were taken as the explanatory variables and calcium intake as the criterion variable.

RESULTS:
The mean age of the participating women was 34.07 years (standard deviation = 7.99) (range = 19–50), and their mean calcium intake was reported as 909.94 (12. 6) mg/day. The conceptual model was able to explain 73% of the variance in calcium intake and had good fit indices. Self-regulation was identified as the strongest predictor of calcium intake, and outcome expectation was eliminated from the model since it was the weakest explanatory factor of calcium intake.

CONCLUSIONS:
The theoretical model of this study is recommended as a suitable framework for the development of targeted osteoporosis prevention interventions.
Cytotoxic effect of dental luting cement on human gingival mesenchymal stem cell and evaluation of cytokines and growth factor release – An in vitro study
Authors: Jain Iti , Anasane Nayana , Jagtap Amit 
Published: April 2024

Aim:
In routine dental care, various dental luting cements are utilized to cement the dental prosthesis. Thus, the aim of the current study was to assess the Cytotoxic effect of three different dental luting cements on human gingival mesenchymal stem cell and evaluation of cytokines and growth factors release.

Settings and Design:
Cytotoxicity of glass ionomer cement (GIC), resin modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) and resin cement (RC) on the human gingival mesenchymal stem cells (HGMSCs) was evaluated. Amongst the cements tested, least cytotoxic cement was further tested for the release of cytokines and growth factors.

Materials and Methods:
MTT test was used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of the dental luting cements at 1 h, 24 h, and 48 h on HGMSCs. Cytokines such as interleukin (IL) 1α & IL 8 and growth factors such as platelet derived growth factor & transforming growth factor beta release from the least cytotoxic RC was evaluated using flow cytometry analysis.

Statistical Analysis Used:
The mean absorbance values by MTT assay and cell viability at various time intervals between four groups were compared using a one way analysis of variance test and Tukey’s post hoc test. The least cytotoxic RC group and the control group’s mean levels of cytokines and growth factors were compared using the Mann–Whitney test.

Result:
As exposure time increased, the dental luting cement examined in this study were cytotoxic. RC was the least cytotoxic, RMGIC was moderate and glass ionomer cement showed the highest cytotoxic effect. Concomitantly, a significant positive biological response of gingival mesenchymal stem cells with the release of ILs when exposed to the RC was observed.

Conclusion:
For a fixed dental prosthesis to be clinically successful over the long term, it is imperative that the biocompatibility of the luting cement be taken into account in order to maintain a healthy periodontium surrounding the restoration.
Does the choice of the measuring technique affect the comparison of fit between zirconia and cobalt–chromium prostheses?
Authors: Daou Elie E. , Salameh Pascale 
Published: April 2024

Aims:
The objectives of the study were to compare the adaptation of presintered zirconia and cobalt– chromium prostheses using microcomputed tomography (μCT), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and stereomicroscope (SM).

Materials and Methods:
Twenty-four fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) were fabricated on metal abutments, duplicated from maxillary first premolar and first molar prepared on a typodont model. Teeth were reduced to obtain chamfer of 1.2 mm and reduction occlusaly of 2 mm occlusal. Scanning of the abutments was done with random assignment to two groups receiving the FDPs made from soft-milled Co-Cr (n = 12) and zirconia (n = 12). Marginal and internal gaps were assessed using three evaluation techniques (X-ray microcomputer tomography, SEM, and stereomicroscopy).

Statistical Analysis Used:
Comparison of the results was made using Levene and analysis of variance tests (α =0.05).

Results:
Irrespective of the material tested, statistical differences were found between the measuring techniques (P = 0.001 overall); the obtained mean gaps were for CT scan (92.60 ± 13.31), for SEM (101.92 ± 23.03), and for SM (113.44 ± 14.68): the multiple comparisons between techniques found a significant difference between CT and SM (P < 0.001), and SEM and SM (P = 0.025). When materials were compared within each measuring technique, Co-Cr showed lower values compared to zirconia in SEM (P < 0.001) and Stereo (P = 0.049); similar results were found in CT.

Conclusions:
Results values differed with the chosen measuring technique. Co-Cr prostheses had a better fit than zirconia prostheses in SEM and Stereo. µCT showed comparable results to SEM, smaller than SM results.
Workshop Pembuatan Storybook Tokoh Sejarah Joko Songo Di Kwartir Cabang Gerakan Pramuka Kabupaten Karanganyar
Authors: Syaifullah Jahid , Sari A Anditha 
Published: April 2024

Pembelajaran sejarah sering dianggap pembelajaran yang kurang menarik oleh generasi milenial. Pembelajaran sejarah memiliki peranan untuk menghasilkan generasi yang dapat mengambil pembelajaran dan meneladani kisah para pahlawan. Strategi menciptakan proses pembelajaran sejarah yang efektif dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode pembelajaran yang tepat. Buku cerita atau storybook merupakan salah satu media pembelajaran alternative yang berisi rangkuman peristiwa berupa gambar yang menjelaskan detail setiap peristiwa melalui nilai-nilai intrinsik yang dibangun berdasarkan data dan fakta yang terjadi di lapangan. Pembuatan storybook dengan menggunakan Adobe Indesign merupakan penyederhanaan konsep tutur serta narasi sejarah yang panjang menjadi sebuah ringkasan cerita dalam bentuk foto yang bercerita.Hasil dari pengabdian ini adalah didapatnya kriteria perancangan storybook dengan gaya visual, storyline, dan ilustrasi yang diminati target audience. Pembuatan Storybook berdasarkan kriteria desain yang diminati generasi milenial Gerakan Pramuka Kwartir Karanganyar. Nilai edukasi dapat tersampaikan kepada anggota melalui media hiburan modern sehingga membuat anggota pramuka lebih mengapresiasi dan memahami nilai sejarah melalui edukasi yang disampaikan.