bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Connecting families: a qualitative study examining the experiences of parenting young children under financial strain in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Martin Mary I. , Mauer-Vakil Dane , Borkhoff Cornelia M. , Parkin Patricia C. , Bayoumi Imaan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
There is little research investigating the subjective experiences of parenting young children while living in poverty and experiencing financial strain using qualitative methodologies. Therefore, the objective of this study was to employ a qualitative approach to provide a nuanced and balanced view on the topic of parenting young children under financial strain in the Canadian context.

Methods
We conducted a qualitative study using semi-structured interviews between July and August 2021 in Kingston, Ontario, Canada. Sixteen participants aged 20–39 self-identified as living under financial strain while parenting a child aged 2–5 years. A qualitative inductive thematic analysis was undertaken with a focus on describing the contents of the data.

Results
Four major themes emerged from the data: experience of being a parent, impact of financial strain on the family unit, impact of financial strain on the children, and impact of financial strain on the parent. Numerous deleterious physical, mental, and material impacts on the family unit and parent were identified, however parent-perceived impacts of financial strain on their children were minimal. Parents described striking levels of resourcefulness and resiliency in providing the necessities for their families, absorbing the most significant impacts of financial strain through the phenomenon of self-sacrifice.

Conclusion
The impacts of financial strain on families with young children are far reaching. Further research into the impacts of self-sacrifice on parents experiencing financial strain are needed to better understand this issue, and to inform social programming and resources that could help alleviate the deleterious impacts of poverty on parent mental, social, and physical health.
Medical students’ knowledge and attitude toward brain death and the influence of medical education: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Liu Chang , Liu Shiqing 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
The medical students’ knowledge and attitude toward brain death has not been investigated in China. The aims of this study were to assess the knowledge and attitude toward brain death among medical students in China and assess the influence of medical education on the knowledge and attitude.

Methods
An online questionnaire consisting of 17 questions was developed and completed by undergraduates majoring in clinical medicine in China Medical University. The students’ demographic data, knowledge and attitude toward brain death were collected and analyzed.

Results
A total of 1075 medical students participated in the survey, and 1051 of them completed the valid questionnaire. The exploratory factor analysis grouped the 17 items into four dimensions, which explained 63.5% of the total variance. These dimensions were named as knowledge (5 items), attitude (5 items), concern (3 items) and education needs (4 items) respectively. The global Cronbach α of the questionnaire was 0.845 and the Cronbach α of the four dimensions ranged from 0.756 to 0.866. The mean dimension scores of knowledge, attitude, concern and education needs was 3.67 ± 0.89, 3.67 ± 0.87, 3.10 ± 1.03 and 4.12 ± 0.72 respectively. The clinical students had a better knowledge than the preclinical students (P < 0.001). The clinical students had a more favorable attitude in stopping the treatment for a brain-dead family member and using the organs and/or tissues of brain-dead patients for transplantation (P < 0.001). The clinical students showed more concerns than the preclinical students (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the education needs between the clinical and pre-clinical students.

Conclusions
Most medical students in China had insufficient knowledge about brain death. Although their knowledge of brain death increased with their university degree, their attitude toward organ donation after brain death did not evolve accordingly. Their concerns about brain death increased with seniority. Most students had great education needs about brain death.
Improving acute myocardial infarction care in northern Tanzania: barrier identification and implementation strategy mapping
Authors: Hertz Julian T , Sakita Francis M , Prattipati Sainikitha , Coaxum Lauren , Tarimo Tumsifu G , Kweka Godfrey L , Mlangi Jerome J , Stark Kristen , Thielman Nathan M , Bosworth Hayden B , Bettger Janet P 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Evidence-based care for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) reduces morbidity and mortality. Prior studies in Tanzania identified substantial gaps in the uptake of evidence-based AMI care. Implementation science has been used to improve uptake of evidence-based AMI care in high-income settings, but interventions to improve quality of AMI care have not been studied in sub-Saharan Africa.

Methods
Purposive sampling was used to recruit participants from key stakeholder groups (patients, providers, and healthcare administrators) in northern Tanzania. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted using a guide informed by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). Interview transcripts were coded to identify barriers to AMI care, using the 39 CFIR constructs. Barriers relevant to emergency department (ED) AMI care were retained, and the Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change (ERIC) tool was used to match barriers with Level 1 recommendations for targeted implementation strategies.

Results
Thirty key stakeholders, including 10 patients, 10 providers, and 10 healthcare administrators were enrolled. Thematic analysis identified 11 barriers to ED-based AMI care: complexity of AMI care, cost of high-quality AMI care, local hospital culture, insufficient diagnostic and therapeutic resources, inadequate provider training, limited patient knowledge of AMI, need for formal implementation leaders, need for dedicated champions, failure to provide high-quality care, poor provider-patient communication, and inefficient ED systems. Seven of these barriers had 5 strong ERIC recommendations: access new funding, identify and prepare champions, conduct educational meetings, develop educational materials, and distribute educational materials.

Conclusions
Multiple barriers across several domains limit the uptake of evidence-based AMI care in northern Tanzania. The CFIR-ERIC mapping approach identified several targeted implementation strategies for addressing these barriers. A multi-component intervention is planned to improve uptake of evidence-based AMI care in Tanzania.
Lipid droplet accumulation in Wdr45-deficient cells caused by impairment of chaperone-mediated autophagic degradation of Fasn
Authors: Xiong Qiuhong , Sun Huimin , Wang Yanlin , Xu Qian , Zhang Yu , Xu Mei , Zhao Zhonghua , Li Ping , Wu Changxin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
β-Propeller protein-associated neurodegeneration (BPAN) is a genetic neurodegenerative disease caused by mutations in WDR45. The impairment of autophagy caused by WDR45 deficiency contributes to the pathogenesis of BPAN; however, the pathomechanism of this disease is largely unknown. Lipid dyshomeostasis is involved in neurogenerative diseases, but whether lipid metabolism is affected by Wdr45 deficiency and whether lipid dyshomeostasis contributes to the progression of BPAN are unclear.

Methods
We generated Wdr45 knockout SN4741 cell lines using CRISPR‒Cas9-mediated genome editing, then lipid droplets (LDs) were stained using BODIPY 493/503. Chaperone-mediated autophagy was determined by RT-qPCR and western blotting. The expression of fatty acid synthase (Fasn) was detected by western blot in the presence or absence of the lysosomal inhibitor NH4Cl and the CMA activator AR7. The interaction between Fasn and HSC70 was analyzed using coimmunoprecipitation (Co-IP) assay. Cell viability was measured by a CCK-8 kit after treatment with the Fasn inhibitor C75 or the CMA activator AR7.

Results
Deletion of Wdr45 impaired chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA), thus leading to lipid droplet (LD) accumulation. Moreover, Fasn can be degraded via CMA, and that defective CMA leads to elevated Fasn, which promotes LD formation. LD accumulation is toxic to cells; however, cell viability was not rescued by Fasn inhibition or CMA activation. Inhibition of Fasn with a low concentration of C75 did not affect cell viability but decreases LD density.

Conclusions
These results suggested that Fasn is essential for cell survival but that excessive Fasn leads to LD accumulation in Wdr45 knockout cells.
Intra-pulmonary migration of a clavicle osteosynthesis pin: a case report
Authors: Amara Kaouther Ben , Zairi Sarra , Radhia Bechir Ben , Abdennadher Mahdi , Zribi Hazem , Marghli Adel 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Fractures of the clavicle are common injuries, which often require reduction and internal fixation. Although Kirschner pins have been commonly used to treat these fractures with good results, migration of these devices may result in severe internal lesions.

Case presentation
We report herein the case of 61-year-old man, who presented for intrapulmonary migration of a Kirschner pin, 25 years after closed reduction and fixation of a clavicle fracture.

Conclusion
Migration of an osteosynthesis pin can be lethal. Patients with osteosynthesis pins, should have a regular follow, until the removal of the wires.
Fracture toughness of aged oil paints
Authors: Janas Arkadiusz , Avgerou Nefeli , Charalambides Maria N. , Fuster-López Laura , Bratasz Łukasz 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The fracture toughness in opening mode G

Ic
for selected oil paints from Mecklenburg's Paint Reference Collection after approximately 30 years of natural ageing was determined using the procedure adopted from the ASTM D5528–13 standard in which double cantilever beam specimens are split in tensile tests. The careful reglueing procedure allowed multiple fracturing tests to be carried out that not only improved statistics of the measurements but also provided insight into the variation of the fracture toughness across the paint film observed for some paints. The latter was due to pigment sedimentation or chemical change of the oil binder as a result of the easier access of oxygen from the side open to the air. For the lead white paint, used over centuries both in paint films and oil grounds, the G

Ic
values more than doubled from 18 to 39 J/m2 for three consecutive cracks formed at an increasing distance from one side of the paint film. The study demonstrated that fracture toughness corresponding to the first crack formation in aged oil paints ranged between 10 and 40 J/m2, relatively low values compared to the animal glue-based ground in paintings. In consequence, oil paints are more vulnerable to crack initiation and growth induced by tensile stress than the ground layer. The measurements filled the gap in the knowledge required for the analysis of fracturing or delamination processes in paintings.
Real-World Overall Survival and Treatment Patterns by PTEN Status in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Gupta Shilpa , To Tu My , Graf Ryon , Kadel Edward E. , Reilly Norelle , Albarmawi Husam 
Published: March 2024

PURPOSE It is estimated that the PTEN tumor suppressor gene is functionally lost in 40%-50% of patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). There is limited information on the prognostic significance of PTEN status identified with genomic testing. This real-world cohort study assessed PTEN as a genetic biomarker using data from US-based oncology practices. METHODS This retrospective real-world cohort study used a deidentified US-based metastatic prostate cancer clinicogenomic database linked to longitudinal clinical data derived from electronic health records. Patients were aged 18 years and older and diagnosed with mCRPC between January 1, 2018, and June 30, 2021. Comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) of tumor specimens was performed using next-generation sequencing. First-line (1L) and second-line (2L) treatment patterns were assessed and stratified by PTEN status. Kaplan-Meier methods and a multivariable Cox model were used to compare the real-world overall survival by PTEN status among patients who received 1L novel hormone therapy or taxanes. RESULTS In patients with mCRPC who underwent CGP, PTEN loss of function (LOF) was associated with decreased survival compared with intact PTEN (hazard ratio, 1.61 [95% CI, 1.07 to 2.42]; P = .024). The results were not influenced by 1L treatment type. 1L treatment patterns were similar between intact PTEN and PTEN LOF subgroups, with abiraterone and enzalutamide being the two most common treatments in both groups. Patients with PTEN LOF were less likely to receive 2L treatments than patients with intact PTEN. CONCLUSION PTEN LOF, identified with genomic testing, was associated with decreased survival and negative prognoses in patients with mCRPC.
From Image to Flesh in a World Seen from the South
Authors: Shamel Salma , Wilder Gary 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This interview with the intellectual historian Gary Wilder explores the philosophical and methodological theses in his overall work, particularly focusing on his 2022 book Concrete Utopianism. The conversation explores such themes as relationships among solidarity, filiality, and freedom; the forces and fears of normative claims; the definition of an image; and the place of the flesh in a critical Marxism, among others. This is the second conversation in a series initiated by Salma Shamel (PhD candidate at New York University) with anthropologists, historians, philosophers, and media theorists whose work is located at the intersection of intellectual history, critical theory, and historical change.
Are People Willing to Pay for Reduced Inequality?
Authors: Hill Brian , Lloyd Thomas 
Published: March 2024

Would consumers be willing to pay more for goods for which there is less inequality in wages across those involved in their production? In incentive-compatible behavioral choice studies on representative samples of the English and U.S. populations, we find significantly positive willingness to pay for such inequality reductions in more than 80% of subjects. Although it varies with political leaning and the extent of the inequality reduction, willingness to pay is positive across the political spectrum and for all studied inequality differences. It is higher for more intuitive and informative inequality-reporting formats. Our findings have policy implications for both governments and firms. On the one hand, they suggest the promise of universal provision of product-level inequality information as a tool for moderating income inequality. On the other hand, they highlight the potential relevance of inequality reporting for firms’ marketing strategies. This paper was accepted by Dorothea Kübler, behavioral economics and decision analysis. Funding: This work was supported by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche [LabEx Ecodec/ANR-11-LABX-0047] and the Fondation HEC [Budget F]. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.01974 .
Posterior tibialis tendon entrapment as a complication of posterior malleolar fractures in complex ankle fractures
Authors: Syziu Anxhela , Aamir Junaid , Mason Lyndon William 
Published: March 2024

AimsPosterior malleolar (PM) fractures are commonly associated with ankle fractures, pilon fractures, and to a lesser extent tibial shaft fractures. The tibialis posterior (TP) tendon entrapment is a rare complication associated with PM fractures. If undiagnosed, TP entrapment is associated with complications, ranging from reduced range of ankle movement to instability and pes planus deformities, which require further surgeries including radical treatments such as arthrodesis.MethodsThe inclusion criteria applied in PubMed, Scopus, and Medline database searches were: all adult studies published between 2012 and 2022; and studies written in English. Outcome of TP entrapment in patients with ankle injuries was assessed by two reviewers independently.ResultsFour retrospective studies and eight case reports were accepted in this systematic review. Collectively there were 489 Pilon fractures, 77 of which presented with TP entrapment (15.75%). There were 28 trimalleolar fractures, 12 of which presented with TP entrapment (42.86%). All the case report studies reported inability to reduce the fractures at initial presentation. The diagnosis of TP entrapment was made in the early period in two (25%) cases, and delayed diagnosis in six (75%) cases reported. Using modified Clavien-Dindo complication classification, 60 (67%) of the injuries reported grade IIIa complications and 29 (33%) grade IIIb complications.ConclusionTP tendon was the commonest tendon injury associated with pilon fracture and, to a lesser extent, trimalleolar ankle fracture. Early identification using a clinical suspicion and CT imaging could lead to early management of TP entrapment in these injuries, which could lead to better patient outcomes and reduced morbidity.Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2024;5(3):252–259.
The process of becoming independent of foster care pupils in Poland – challenges and prospects
Authors: Kanios Anna , Lada Anna , Bocheńska-Brandt Anna 
Published: March 2024

Cel pracyCelem badań było poznanie opinii kadry zarządzającej instytucjami pomocy społecznej na temat procesu usamodzielniania wychowanków pieczy zastępczejMateriał i metodyMetodą badań był sondaż diagnostyczny, zaś narzędziem badawczym kwestionariusz ankiety na temat procesu usamodzielnienia wychowanków pieczy zastępczej dla kadry zarządzającej instytucjami pomocy społecznej (aut. Anny Kanios). Badania przeprowadzono osobiście w okresie czerwiec-październik 2023 roku. Terenem badań było województwo lubelskie, zaś w sensie instytucjonalnym były to Powiatowe Centra Pomocy Rodzinie.WynikiWyniki badań wskazują, iż w ciągu ostatnich lat liczba rodzin zastępczych w Polsce maleje. Wychowankowie najczęściej podejmują decyzje o usamodzielnieniu z powodu chęci opuszczenia placówki opiekuńczo-wychowawczej /rodziny zastępczej, chęci podjęcia pracy i życia na własny rachunek. PCPR-y jako podmioty organizujące pieczę zastępczą największy problem w procesie usamodzielnienia upatrują w trudnościach w zapewnieniu lokalu mieszkalnego. W Polsce nie funkcjonuje jeden program usamodzielnienia. Każdy powiat go sobie wypracowuje. Opiekunowie usamodzielnienia nie są w stanie wywiązywać się w pełni ze swej funkcji ze względu na zbiurokratyzowanie zadań.WnioskiKonieczne wydaje się zreformowanie systemu pieczy zastępczej. Odciążenie opiekunów usamodzielnienia oraz koordynatorów pieczy zastępczej poprzez zmniejszenie zadań związanych z dokumentacją na rzecz realnej pracy z rodziną i wychowankiem. Ważne wydaje się również prowadzenie monitoringu losów osób usamodzielnionych. Dodatkowym wsparciem warto objąć kadrę oraz rodziców zastępczych poprzez prowadzenie dodatkowych szkoleń, warsztatów, spotkań informacyjnych.
The core process of disseminating human resource management improvement patterns emerging from the consultants' offers
Authors: Strużyna Janusz Antoni 
Published: March 2024

Cel pracy1. identyfikacja rdzenia tytułowego procesu oraz jego porównanie ze znanymi typami wzorów zmian doskonalących zarządzanie
2. wypracowanie propozycji i tematów, wzbogacających wiedzę o procesach doskonalenia ZZL, w tym procesach izomorfizmu instytucjonalnegoMateriał i metodyStudia literatury pozwoliły określić wzory zmian doskonalących zarządzanie. Przedmiotem badań empirycznych była treść polskojęzycznych ofert, zamieszczonych na stronach WWW. firm konsultingowych, doskonalących Zarządzanie Zasobami Ludzkimi. Analizę prowadzono w oparciu o wytyczne analiz treści i metod jakościowych badań. Otrzymane wyniki analizy zestawiono z wzorami teoretycznymi zmian. W ten sposób zidentyfikowano cechy badanego rdzenia.WynikiZidentyfikowany tytułowy rdzeń tworzą cztery fazy i trzy procesy o odmiennej logice. Wzajemne oddziaływanie procesów może tworzyć niespójność całego rozwiązania. Stwierdzono dominację zachowań zabezpieczających i ułatwiających operacje ZZL nad innymi typami zachowań menedżerskich. Sposobów radzenia sobie z tą asymetrią w ofertach nie podano.WnioskiStwierdzone niespójności procesów doskonalących, powinny zachęcać praktyków do określenia poziomu ich akceptacji dla heterogeniczności wzorów doskonalenia. Do tego zaś niezbędne jest rozwijania praktycznych kompetencji w zarządzaniu sprzecznościami. Przyszłe badania naukowe powinny, z kolei, przynieść pełniejsze rozpoznanie specyfiki różnych źródeł wzorców, charakteru operacji wykonywanych na wzorach przez różne podmioty, identyfikacja niespójności procesów rozpowszechniania wzorów. Wartościowe jest także zwrócenie uwagi na specyfikę sił izomorfizmu instytucjonalnego, które kształtują podobieństwo wzorów i sposobów ich rozpowszechniania. W celu ukonkretnienia przyszłych zamierzeń badawczych w pracy sformułowano trzy, konkretne propozycje badawcze
Supporting the development of girls with ADHD in early childhood education: teachers' and parents' perspectives
Authors: Świecarz Grzegorz Paweł 
Published: March 2024

Cel pracyArtykuł koncentruje się na rozpoznawaniu i adresowaniu wyzwań związanych z ADHD u dziewczynek w wieku wczesnoszkolnym. Praca ma na celu wypełnienie luki w literaturze naukowej poprzez skupienie się na specyfice ADHD u dziewczynek, co różni się od objawów u chłopców. Ma również zwiększyć świadomość zagadnienia ADHD wśród rodziców i nauczycieli oraz dostarczyć praktycznych wskazówek terapeutycznych i wsparcia edukacyjnego, które są dostosowane do potrzeb dziewczynek z ADHD.Materiał i metodyMateriałami źródłowymi, które posłużą do niniejszej publikacji, będą różne monografie i artykuły pedagogów specjalnych. Zebrany materiał pozwoli na syntetyczne zrealizowanie metodą analityczno-krytyczną wskazanego celu pracy.WynikiRodzice powinni nauczyć się przewidywać potencjalne konfliktowe sytuacje, wykluczyć je albo tak zaplanować, aby dziecko mogło sobie z nimi poradzić. Zadaniem rodziców jest zaplanować dzień w taki sposób, aby wprowadzić rytuał i codzienną rutynę powtarzania czynności. Dzieci z nadpobudliwością psychoruchową potrzebują nabyć umiejętności radzenia sobie z konfliktami, labilnością emocjonalną, lękiem i stresem.WnioskiCzęsto niezdiagnozowane dziewczynki cierpią w samotności razem ze swoim zaburzeniem. Ścisła współpraca rodziców i nauczycieli stanowi nieodzowny element w terapii ADHD. Dziecku z ADHD powinno umożliwić się uczestnictwo w procesie edukacyjno-wychowawczym. Ważną kwestią jest poznanie grupy rówieśniczej, aby dziewczynki z ADHD mogły uczyć poznawać siebie i własne reakcje oraz swoje możliwości i zdolności.