bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immune response deficiency of BSVS mice. II. Generalized deficiency to thymus‐dependent antigens
Authors: Briles David E. , Perlmutter Roger M. , Hansburg Daniel , Little J. Russell , Davie Joseph M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBSVS mice gave abnormally low IgG responses to 5 thymus‐dependent antigens as well as a weak delayed‐type hypersensitivity (DTH) response to sheep red blood cells. In contrast to IgG, the IgM antibody responses of these mice were normal to three T‐independent antigens as well as to all five T‐dependent antigens. The low immune responsiveness of BSVS mice was also reflected in the low levels of IgG2a, IgG2b and IgG3 in their normal serum. The low T‐dependent immune responses may result from BSVS mice having been selectively bred for susceptibility to infection with St. Louis encephalitis virus and Salmonella. C57BL/6J mice, which are also highly susceptible to Salmonella, gave low immune responses similar to, but genetically distinct from, those of BSVS mice. The levels of Ig‐positive and theta‐positive cells were normal in BSVS and C57BL/6J mice.
Antibody‐dependent cellular cytotoxicity against tumor cells. II. The promonocyte identified as effector cell
Authors: Domzig Wolfgang , Lohmann‐Matthes Marie‐Luise 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMacrophage precursor cells were cultured from the bone marrow of mice in a liquid culture system in the presence of conditioned medium. To separate their different maturation stages, they were passed through a discontinuous Ficoll density gradient, treated with iron plus magnet or passed through glass bead columns. The different maturation stages have been tested for their function in antibody‐dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) against tumor target cells and in lymphokine‐induced macrophage‐mediated cytotoxicity. It is shown that the promonocyte, a nonadherent, nonphagocytic precursor cell, is a highly potent cytotoxic effector cell against antibody‐coated tumor targets but is totally inactive as an effector cell in lymphokine‐induced macrophage‐mediated cytotoxicity. In contrast, in the lymphokine‐induced macrophage‐mediated cytotoxicity the cytotoxic effector cell is a mature macrophage. Thus, ADCC seems to be a function of the macrophage precursor promonocytes, whereas lymphokine‐induced cytotoxicity is performed by mature macrophages. The relationship of promonocytes and killer (K) cells in ADCC against tumor targets is discussed.
Genetic control of the immune response to the terpolymer L‐glutamic acid60‐L‐aIanine30‐L‐tyrosme10 (GAT): II. Characterization of a cross‐reactive idiotype associated with anti‐GAT antibodies from responder and nonresponder mice
Authors: Thèze Jacques , Sommé Gérard 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAn anti‐idiotypic antiserum specific for the antibodies directed against the terpolymer poly(Glu60, Ala30, Tyr10), referred to as GAT, has been prepared in rabbit immunized with anti‐GAT antibodies purified from ascites fluid of BALB/c GAT responder mice. The specificity of this serum has been investigated. The interaction between 125I‐labeled anti‐GAT antibodies and the anti‐idiotypic antiserum is specifically inhibited by anti‐GAT antiserum or anti‐GAT ascites fluid. GAT and the copolymer of L‐glutamic acid50‐L‐tyrosine50, but not the closely related copolymer of L‐glutamic acid60‐L‐alanine40, inhibit the idiotype‐anti‐idiotype binding indicating a close association of idiotypic determinants with the antibody combining site. This GAT idiotype was found in the anti‐GAT antibodies of all individuals of all inbred strains of mice tested regardless of their allotypic markers. This GAT idiotype has also been found in serum of nonresponder mice immunized with GAT bound to methylated bovine serum albumin. Therefore, the existence of a GAT cross‐reactive idiotype represented in a very large number of inbred strains of mice has been identified. These results are in contrast to results obtained in other experimental systems where linkage was always observed between allotypic and idiotypic specificities.
Mac‐1: a macrophage differentiation antigen identified by monoclonal antibody
Authors: Springer Timothy , Galfré Giovanni , Secher David S. , Milstein Cesar 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe have previously described the derivation of M1/70, a hybrid myeloma line secreting monoclonal rat anti‐mouse cell surface antibody (Springer, T., Galfre, G., Secher, D. S. and Milstein, C, Eur. J. Immunol. 1978. 8: 539). We have now investigated the cellular distribution of this antigen using a 125I‐labeled anti‐rat IgG indirect binding assay, the fluorescence‐activated cell sorter, autoradiography and precipitation of cell surface molecules. Screening with a tumor cell panel showed strong reactivity with a macrophage‐like line but no reactivity with B or T lymphoma lines. In normal tissues, M1/70 antigen was found to be present in small amounts on spleen and exudate granulocytes and a subpopulation of bone marrow cells, in moderate amounts on spleen and blood monocytes and expressed in much larger amounts on spleen histiocytes and peritoneal exudate macrophages. In contrast, M1/70 antigen was found to be absent from erythroid and lymphoid cells. M1/70 antibody precipitated two polypeptides of 190 000 and 105 000 mol. wt. which were present in much greater amounts on peritoneal exudate macrophages than on spleen cells. The expression on phagocytes of two other antigens identified by monoclonal antibodies M1/69 and M1/9.3 was also examined. Monocytes and granulocytes expressed large amounts of M1/69 and low amounts of M1/70 antigen, while in peritoneal exudate macrophages this pattern was dramatically reversed. M1/70 thus defines a differentiation antigen on mononuclear phagocytes and granulocytes, the expression of which is specifically increased during monocyte maturation. This antibody is the first to be described which recognizes a discrete molecule specific to phagocytes.
Role of adherent T cells and of B cells in the immune response to purified protein derivative of tuberculin
Authors: Arala‐Chaves Mario P. , Porto Maria T. , Hope Lapsly , Fudenberg H. Hugh 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe role of monocytes, B cells, and adherent and nonadherent T cells in the response of purified protein derivative of tuberculin (PPD) as measured by [3H]thymidine uptake in vitro has been explored. The response to PPD was found to be highly dependent on monocytes, to approximately the same extent as previously found for the responses to concanavalin A (Con A) and phytohemagglutinin. The response to PPD was also found to be highly dependent on a population of adherent T cells different from the adherent T cell population involved in the response to Con A. In the case of PPD, the effect was additive, as opposed to the potentiating effect seen for Con A. Further, the adherent T cells involved in the response to PPD were much more sensitive to hypotonic shock than those in the response to Con A. B cells were also found to be important in the response to PPD, although only to a slight extent.
The in vitro migration of murine fetal liver cells to thymic rudiments
Authors: Pyke Kenneth W. , Bach Jean‐Francois 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe migration of murine fetal liver cells to thymus rudiments was studied in vitro using a migration under agar technique. There appeared to be a minor population that migrated specifically to the thymus from the age of 10 to 14 days of gestation. The specificity of migration was demonstrated in 12‐day fetal liver cells by a series of competition studies. The ability of these cells to colonize a thymus rudiment was shown by further incubation after invasion of the epithelial thymus rudiments: small colonies of lymphoid cells were present in invaded tissue but absent from uninvaded control tissue. At 13 to 14 days of gestation, there appeared an additional population that migrated specifically to the spleen, as demonstrated, again, with a competition protocol. Studies with avian and human tissue as attractants in the same system showed that migration was specific to the thymus and did cross species barriers. This observation was used to demonstrate a similar attractant activity in cell‐free conditioned medium from human thymus epithelial cultures, and to demonstrate the absence of such a cell‐attractant factor in the conditioned medium from the thymus of a child with previously documented severe combined immunodeficiency disease.
Isolated hapten‐binding receptors of sensitized lymphocytes. IV. Expression of immimoglobulin variable regions in (4‐hydroxy‐3‐nitrophenyl) acetyl (NP)‐specific receptors isolated from murine B and T lymphocytes
Authors: Cramer Matthias , Krawinkel Ulrich , Melchers Inga , Imanishi‐Kari Thereza , Rajewsky Klaus , Ben‐Neriah Yinon , Givol David 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPrimary anti‐NP [(4‐hydroxy‐3‐nitrophenyl)acetyl] antibodies and NP‐specific receptors isolated from T cells of mice carrying the Ig‐1b allotype express the NPb idio‐type and a fine specificity marker (heteroclicity) which are both controlled by V genes in the heavy chain linkage group. While in antibodies both markers are invariably expressed in association with Ig light chains of the Λ type, antigen‐binding T cell‐derived receptors appear not to follow this rule in that they do not significantly bind to anti‐Λ antisera.Mice of the SJL strain also carry the Ig‐lb allotype but express a defect in Λ chain synthesis, and their primary anti‐NP response is thus almost completely devoid of Λ‐bearing heteroclitic molecules of the NPb idiotype. In contrast, both NPb idiotype and heteroclicity are expressed in the majority of T cell‐derived receptors. This result permits a positive discrimination between T cell‐derived receptors and humoral antibodies in the SJL strain and shows that V gene expression follows different rules in the T and the B cell compartment.The expression of Ig V regions in isolated T cell‐derived receptors was also analyzed with antisera binding to presumed “framework” determinants of the VH and the VΛdomains of Ig. A reaction of anti‐VH antiserum with isolated T cell receptors could clearly be demonstrated. The anti‐VΛ antiserum may bind to a minor fraction of the NP‐specific molecules in our T cell receptor preparations.
“Ia‐like” antigens on human T cells
Authors: Greaves Melvyn F. , Verbi Winston , Festenstein Milliard , Papasteriadis Chrysa , Jaraquemada Dolores , Hayward Anthony 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHuman T lymphocytes have been tested for cell surface p 28,33 “Ia‐like” heteroantigen and DRw alloantigens. Small numbers (1–5%) of sheep (E) rosette or T antigen‐positive, surface immunoglobulin‐negative (E+, T+, smIg−) T cells were Ia+; these cells appeared to be restricted to the TG subset. Following activation by allogeneic lymphocytes or sperm, or by purified protein derivative of tuberculin (PPD), the proportion of positive T cells increased substantially. DRw typing indicated that Ia specificities on activated T cells were not acquired passively from the stimulator cells, suggesting therefore that either “selection” of a small DRw+ cell subset or derepression and/or exposure of DR locus gene products occurs during T cell activation.
Rabbit allotype a locus subspecificities of homogeneous anti‐streptococcal antibodies
Authors: Rodkey L. Scott , Braun Dietmar G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRabbits were immunized with group A‐variant (Av) streptococcal vaccine to elicit antisera containing antibodies of “restricted heterogeneity” specific for Av polysaccharide. Antibodies that migrated as single bands in polyacrylamide gel isoelectric focusing were isolated on agarose block electrophoresis and preparative isoelectric focusing. These homogeneous antibodies were analyzed for content of the a locus markers by inhibition of allotype‐anti‐allotype radioimmunoassays. Both single‐band preparations and preparations containing 2–5 bands were deficient in content of the a locus markers. These analyses were strongly influenced by the different anti‐allotype antisera used. Single‐band preparations, deficient in a2 or a3 markers, were further used to produce anti‐allotype antisera, and these sera were assayed for reaction with pooled a2 or a3 molecules. The results, in contrast to the a 1 allotype, failed to demonstrate common determinants on either a 2 or a 3 molecules indicating that each a allotype consists of a set of different Ig molecules. The data suggest different evolutionary pathways of the a 1, as opposed to the a 2 and a 3 molecules.
Identification of autoanti‐Thy‐1 antibody in the sera of BALB/c mice immune to P 1798 lymphoma
Authors: Baechtel F. Samuel , Prager Morton D. , Vitetta Ellen S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe specificity was established for the anti‐thymocyte autoantibody which appeared in BALB/c mice (BAA) during immunization to the P 1798 lymphoma. The results indicate that BAA is specific for the Thy‐1 alloantigen of murine T cells. By immunoprecipitation of 125I‐labeled A/J thymocyte surface antigens from freeze‐thaw lysates and electrophoretic resolution of the immunoprecipitates on sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gels, the BAA and congenic anti‐Thy‐1.1 or 1.2 were shown to be specific for determinants on the same antigens. Specificity of BAA for Thy‐1.2 was shown also by quantitative absorption studies. Coating P 1798 lymphoma cells with either BAA or anti‐Thy‐1.2 reduced the absorptive capacity of these cells for the same or the reciprocal antiserum. Coating P 1798 with an antiserum to P 1798 which was indifferent to the Thy‐1.2 alloantigen did not diminish the absorptive capacity of these cells for either BAA or anti‐Thy‐1.2. These studies have provided firm evidence that BAA is specific for determinants on the Thy‐1 alloantigen.
A mouse myeloma variant with a defect in light chain synthesis
Authors: Morrison Sherie L. , Scharff Matthew D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA spontaneous assembly variant, B 50, has been isolated from the MPC‐11 mouse myeloma cell line. This variant synthesizes fewer light chains per cell than the parent resulting in the production of a slight molar excess of heavy chains. These changes are associated with a delay and change in the pathway of assembly and a delay in secretion. Spontaneous revertants of B 50 have been obtained, all of which synthesize normal amounts of light chains and assemble and secrete the immunoglobulin molecule through the same pathways and with the same kinetics as the parental cells. A comparison of the tryptic‐chymotryptic peptides of the parental, variant and revertant heavy and light chains did not reveal any differences. These studies indicate that variants in mouse myeloma cells can arise with defects in the quantitative expression of the immunoglobulin gene and suggest that the presence of excess light chains facilitates the assembly and secretion of some immunoglobulin molecules.
T cell tolerance in the chicken. II. Lack of evidence for suppressor cells in tolerant agammaglobulinemic and normal chickens
Authors: Grebenau Mark D. , Chi David S. , Thorbecke G. Jeanette 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTolerance to human γ‐globulin (HGG) at the T cell level was readily induced in both normal and bursectomized FP and EL 6 strain chickens by intravenous injection of 5 to 50 mg of soluble HGG. T cells from tolerant chickens, subsequently immunized with HGG in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA), failed to cooperate in the adoptive immune response to 2, 4, 6‐trinitrophenylated (TNP) HGG with TNP‐immune spleen cells. However, suppressive activity could not be demonstrated when cells from tolerant chickens were combined with cells from HGG and CFA‐sensitized chickens in the recipients, even at a 5 : 1 ratio. HGG‐specific helper activity could be induced, both in bursectomized FP and in intact EL6 spleen cells, but neither tolerant bursectomized nor tolerant intact chicken spleen cells showed suppressor activity in this assay. Such tolerant cells also failed to inhibit formation of helper cell activity upon transfer to intact or bursectomized recipients subsequently exposed to HGG and CFA.Cells mediating delayed hypersensitivity (TDH cells) were also tolerized by intravenous injection of soluble HGG. Injection of cyclophosphamide (CY), 100 mg/kg intraperitoneally, two days prior to the HGG did not interfere with this tolerance induction. CY also failed to augment the DH reactivity of immunized bursectomized animals, although it did increase the reactivity of intact animals. Thus, a CY‐sensitive suppressor cell did not appear to be responsible for induction of the tolerant state. Moreover, spleen or thymus cells from tolerant bursectomized or intact animals, transferred into normal chickens, were unable to prevent sensitization of the TDH cells in recipients. This was true in both bursectomized and intact recipients and was also not affected by treatment of recipients with CY, used to facilitate entry of tolerant donor cells into recipients' lymphoid tissue. Tolerance was also readily induced in thymectomized chickens.It was considered unlikely that the generation of suppressor cells was responsible for induction of tolerance to HGG at the T cell level in bursectomized or intact chickens. Since antibody formation could be excluded as a factor in the bursectomized birds, these results were in favor of a T cell deletion model of tolerance. Various ways in which deletion of TDH cells might be achieved are discussed.
Presence of serum IgD and IgD‐containing plasma cells in the mouse
Authors: Bargellesi Antonio , Corte Giorgio , Cosulich Elisabetta , Ferrarini Manlio 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA new technique which makes use of anti‐δ‐specific allo‐or heteroantisera coupled to Sepharose 4 B has been employed to investigate the presence of IgD molecules in the sera of three mouse strains. The sera were reacted with the insoluble immunosorbents, and the eluted material was labeled with 125I prior to antigenic or sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE) analysis. This material reacted with anti‐δ or anti‐L chain reagents, but not with other anti‐class‐specific antisera and, after reduction, was resolved in three discrete bands in SDS‐PAGE. The fastest of these bands comigrated with L chain, whereas the other two moved identically to mouse lymphocyte surface δ chains. Immunofluorescence studies on fixed smears of spleen and Peyer's patches' cells revealed the presence of a small but consistent number of IgD‐containing plasma cells.
Investigation of the human macrophage I. Collection and in vitro cultivation
Authors: Chang Yu‐Hui , Yao Chin‐Sheng 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBy means of blister formation produced by cantharidin, a certain number of human macrophages could be readily obtained from the blister exudate. In the presence of 50% cell‐free exudate, these cells were found to proliferate in vitro. The proliferating cells possessed the morphology and functional characteristics of macrophages.
Characterization of a monoclonal anti‐β2‐microglobulin antibody and its use in the genetic and biochemical analysis of major histocompatibility antigens
Authors: Brodsky Frances M. , Bodmer Walter F. , Parham Peter 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA monoclonal anti‐β2‐microglobulin (BBM.1 antibody) was produced by cell fusion between the mouse myeloma, P3‐X 63‐Ag8, and spleen cells from a BALB/c mouse immunized with Molt 4, a human T cell line. BBM.1 antibody was fully inhibited by soluble β‐microglobulin and purified HLA‐A, B antigens and reacted with humanmouse somatic cell hybrids only if they had chromosome 15 and expressed human β‐microglobulin. It was cytotoxic in complement‐dependent lysis and of the IgG class. BBM.1 and a monoclonal anti‐HLA‐A, B, C glycoprotein antibody, W6/32 (Barnstable, C. J. et al., Cell 1978. 14: 9.), were used to quantitate relative amounts of β2 ‐microglobulin and HLA‐A, B, C glycoproteins on different human cell types. Thymocytes and the Molt 4 cell line showed a considerable excess of β2‐microglobulin over HLA‐A, B, C glycoproteins, as measured by W6/32 reactivity. B cell lines, peripheral blood lymphocytes, fibroblasts, a HeLa cell derivative, and HSB 2, another T cell line, had equal amounts. Immunological cross‐reactions between HLA‐A, B, C antigens and β‐microgloglobulin and their homologues in other species were detected with the BBM.1 and W6/32 antibodies. The W6/32 antigenic determinant appears to be more highly conserved than that recognized by the BBM.1 antibody.
Idiotypic analysis of antibodies against the terpolymer L‐glutamic acid60‐L‐alanine30‐L‐tyrosine10 (GAT) IV. Induction of CGAT idiotype following immuniza‐ tion with various synthetic polymers containing glutamic acid and tyrosine
Authors: Ju Shyr‐Te , Dorf Martin E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe immune responses of all inbred strains of mice specific to the synthetic terpolymer poly(LGlu60LAla30LTyr10), referred to as GAT10, are characterized by the pres‐ ence of anti‐GAT antibodies which share a common (CGAT) idiotype. In this report, we describe the ability of the synthetic polymers, LGlu33LAla33LTyr33, LGlu51‐ LAla34LTyr15and poly‐L(Tyr, Glu)‐DLAla–LLys [(T,G)‐A–L] to induce antibodies with CGAT idiotypic specificities. All of these polymers contain “GT”‐related deter‐ minants. Following immunization with these polymers, antisera from responder mice bind the corresponding 125I‐labeled antigen and 125I‐labeled poly(LGlu50LTyr50) or GAT10. These antisera shared the CGAT idiotype which is associated with the anti‐ body fraction with binding specificity for GAT10. Collectively, the present results indi‐ cate that GT‐related determinants are required for the induction of the CGAT idio‐ type. Moreover, since the immune responses to these synthetic polymers are under distinct H‐2‐linked immune response (Ir) gene control, a mouse strain can be nonre‐ sponder to one polymer and responder to another; in this case, only the latter polymer induces CGAT idiotype. Thus, although the immune responses of inbred strains of mice to different polymers are under distinct Ir gene control, the antibody responses can be idiotypically related.
Anti‐idiotypic antibodies of IgM‐type produced in carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)
Authors: Richter Roland F. , Ambrosius Herwart 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCarp synthesize highly specific anti‐idiotypic antibodies of the IgM class. Anti‐idioty‐ pic antibodies could be elicited in these animals by a human IgM myeloma protein and were detected in a passive hemagglutination assay. The agglutination was com‐ pletely inhibited by approximately 0.15 μg homologous antigen, whereas a 100000‐ fold excess of a heterologous IgM myeloma protein of the same L chain type did not produce any inhibition. A possible subgroup specificity of carp anti‐idiotypic antisera can be excluded.