bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Barriers to brand building in UK universities?
Authors: Chapleo Chris 
Published: December 2006

Abstract

Branding in universities has become an increasingly topical issue with practitioners, with some institutions committing substantial financial resources to branding activities. It has, however, received only limited academic investigation, and as the particular characteristics of the sector present challenges for those seeking to build brands, it seems to be timely and appropriate to investigate potential barriers to branding.
This exploratory study investigates the opinions of the ‘brand guardians’ of UK universities—Vice Chancellors, Principals and Rectors—on the barriers to successfully building brands and draws conclusions on their views of the key challenges facing successful branding activity in the sector. Implications for practitioners are also explored.

Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Single serve or package deal? A study of regular attendees to symphony orchestra concerts
Authors: Boyle Stephen 
Published: December 2006

Abstract

This paper presents an analysis of data collected by a major symphony orchestra in Australia of regular attendees to their 2002 season. The analysis looks to understand the age at which audience members begin to attend symphony concerts on a regular basis and the main motivational factor behind that decision for two subsets of the audience, subscribers and single‐ticket buyers. In addition, the analysis looks to determine if there is any relationship between the age of regular attendance and the age a subscriber chooses to purchase their first subscription package.

Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Relationships among levels of government support, marketing activities, and financial health of nonprofit performing arts organizations
Authors: Kirchner Theresa A. , Markowski Edward P. , Ford John B. 
Published: December 2006

Abstract

This exploratory study researches and analyzes the empirical effects of financial levels of government support and marketing practices on the financial health of nonprofit performing arts organizations. Declining government subsidies and increasing competition from non‐traditional sources have presented these organizations with unique opportunities and challenges that call for a market‐centered, as well as an art‐centered approach. Financial health is critical for the long‐term success of a nonprofit performing arts organization. Few empirical studies have examined the interrelationships between these key variables. This study analyzes a sample of 63 American professional symphony orchestras employing 20 years of data. The correlations among financial levels of government support and marketing activities were positive and significant, the correlations among levels of government support and financial health were negative and significant, and the correlations between levels of marketing activity and financial health were negative and varied in significance. Causal analyses were less conclusive, but significant causal relationships were found for large symphony orchestras, indicating that segmentation research may be warranted. Implications and opportunities for future research are presented which have potential application for government agencies, academic researchers, and arts organization managers, boards of directors, and donors.

Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Promoting behavioral competence: An introduction to the practitioner's edition
Authors: Miller David N. , McDougal James L. , Volpe Robert J. , Blom‐Hoffman Jessica , Chafouleas Sandra M. , Riley‐Tillman T. Chris 
Published: December 2006

AbstractThe widely discussed gap between research and practice has been a continuing problem in the fields of school psychology and education. In particular, the extent to which information generated by research is effectively presented to and utilized by school practitioners is frequently limited by a variety of factors. In an attempt to address this issue, an annual series of special issues of Psychology in the Schools called the “Practitioner's Edition” was developed, with the inaugural issue appearing in 2006. The intent of these special issues is to publish useful, relevant, and practical evidence‐based information on topics of significant interest and importance to school psychologists and other school‐based practitioners. This article introduces the second Practitioner's Edition, which is focused on promoting behavioral competence. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Psychol Schs 44: 1–5, 2007.
Chromosomal His‐tagging: An alternative approach to membrane protein purification
Authors: Mamelli Laurent , Dedieu Luc , Dé Emmanuelle , Konkel Michael E. , Pagès Jean‐Marie , Bolla Jean‐Michel 
Published: December 2006

AbstractMembrane proteins are of keen interest to structural biologists, as they are known to act as receptors, adhesins, sensors, transporters, and signal‐transducers of living cells. During the past few decades, the efforts made to study the bacterial membrane proteins have been impaired by the problems encountered during the production and purification of native proteins. Herein we demonstrate that the Campylobacter jejuni CadF protein, which was isolated using a novel purification strategy, exhibits biological activity as evidenced by channel activity in lipid bilayers. CadF, an E. coli OmpA‐like protein, facilitates the binding of C. jejuni to the extracellular matrix component, fibronectin.
Identification of proteins interacting with the catalytic subunit of PP2A by proteomics
Authors: Lee Won‐Jeong , Kim Dong‐Uk , Lee Mi‐Young , Choi Kang‐Yell 
Published: December 2006

AbstractThe protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is a serine/threonine phosphatase involved in the regulation of multiple signaling pathways including the Wnt/β‐catenin and the ERK pathways. To understand the complex signaling networking associated with PP2A, we searched proteins interacting with the catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2Ac) by a pull‐down analysis followed by 2‐D gel electrophoresis and proteomic analyses. The probability of identification of the proteins interacting with PP2Ac was increased by searching proteins differently interacting with PP2Ac according to stimulation of Wnt3a, which regulates both the Wnt/β‐catenin and the ERK pathways. Around 100 proteins, pulled‐down by His‐tagged PP2Ac, were identified in 2‐D gels stained with CBB. By MALDI‐TOF‐MS analyses of 45 protein spots, we identified several proteins that were previously known to interact with PP2A, such as Axin and CaMK IV. In addition, we also identified many proteins that potentially interact with PP2Ac. The interactions of several candidate proteins, such as tuberous sclerosis complex 2, RhoB, R‐Ras, and Nm23H2, with PP2Ac, were confirmed by in vitro binding analyses and/or coimmunoprecipitation experiments.
Effects of herbal medicinal products and food supplements on induction of CYP1A2, CYP3A4 and MDR1 in the human colon carcinoma cell line LS180
Authors: Brandin Helena , Viitanen Eila , Myrberg Olle , Arvidsson Ann‐Kristin 
Published: December 2006

AbstractA selection of popular herbal medicinal products and food supplements were analysed for their potential to modulate the expression of the cytochrome P450 enzymes CYP1A2 and CYP3A4 and the transporter protein MDR1. A total of 31 products were analysed. Nine of the products have been approved by the Medical Products Agency (MPA) in Sweden and are marketed as herbal medicinal products. Twenty‐two of the products have not been assessed by the MPA and are marketed as food supplements. LS180 cells were exposed to extracts from the different herbal products and real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, RT‐QPCR, was subsequently used to analyse the relative mRNA levels of CYP1A2, CYP3A4 or MDR1 in treated and non‐treated cells. Our results show that 17 of 31 products tested induced a two‐fold expression or more for at least one of the genes analysed. Four products, of which a ginger‐supplement was the most potent, induced all three genes. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Diffusion Monte Carlo study of correlation in the hydrogen molecule
Authors: Hongo Kenta , Kawazoe Yoshiyuki , Yasuhara Hiroshi 
Published: December 2006

AbstractThe diffusion Monte Carlo (DMC) method shows that correlation in H2 produces a set of three spatial changes: (i) an enhancement in the electron density distribution n(r) in the left and right anti‐binding regions that include separately the immediate vicinity of each of the two nuclei, (ii) a reduction in n(r) in the binding region intervening between the two nuclei as a counterbalance, and (iii) a concomitant increase in the equilibrium internuclear separation. It is stressed that the correlation energy Ec (= Tc + Vc) for diatomic molecules be defined by the difference in the total energy between the exact and the Hartree–Fock (HF) variational calculations that are performed at individually optimized internuclear separations. It is this definition that makes it possible to involve a significant contribution from a correlation‐induced change in the equilibrium internuclear separation as part of the correlation energy and to relate (i) and (ii) to (iii) in consistency with the electrostatic theorem. The present calculations fulfill the virial theorem to an accuracy of −V/T = 2.00 for DMC and −VHF/THF = 2.000 for HF. The present correlation energy Ec = −0.0408 hartree is not only in good agreement with the most accurate value previously reported, but also can be analyzed into all its components in accordance with the correlational virial theorem 2Tc + Vc = 0. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2007
Probabilistic analysis for a multiple depot vehicle routing problem
Authors: Baltz Andreas , Dubhashi Devdatt , Srivastav Anand , Tansini Libertad , Werth Sören 
Published: December 2006

AbstractWe give a probabilistic analysis of the Multiple Depot Vehicle Routing Problem (MDVRP) where k depots and n customers are given by i.i.d. random variables in [0,1]d, d ≥ 2. The tour length divided by n(d−1)/d tends to α∫ f(x)(d−1)/d dx, where f is the density of the absolutely continuous part of the law of the random variables giving the depots and customers and where the constant α depends on the number of depots. If k = o(n), α is the constant of the TSP problem. For k = λn, λ > 0, we prove lower and upper bounds on α, which decrease as fast as (1 + λ)−1/d.© 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Random Struct. Alg., 2007
The effects of host‐plant properties on gall density, gall weight and clone size in the aphid Aploneura lentisci (Pass.) (Aphididae: Fordinae) in Israel
Authors: Wool David , Manheim Oral 
Published: December 2006

SummarySamples of shoots of Pistacia lentiscus carrying galls of the aphid, Aploneura lentisci, were collected at three localities in Israel.Shoots growing near pruning scars carried more galls than elsewhere on the plant, but these galls weighed less and contained fewer aphids (smaller clones). The proportion of empty galls increased with gall density. Crowding of galls at such sites may be due to the early burst of buds at the time of aphid emergence from the overwintering eggs, and not to active search for preferred sites.Shoots bearing larger numbers of leaves carried heavier galls, which contained larger aphid clones. The position of the galled leaf on the shoot had no effect on gall weight nor on clone size.The physiological condition of the plant may be an important environmental (ecological) factor affecting the variation in clone‐size and in aphid morphology among galls.
Population fluctuations of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) on cabbages in Bacillus thuringiensis sprayed and non sprayed plots and factors affecting within‐generation survival of immatures
Authors: Annamalai Sivapragasam , Itô Yosiaki , Saito Tetsuo 
Published: December 2006

SummaryThe population fluctuations and within‐generation survival of immatures stages of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella on summer cabbages, were examined in unsprayed plots in 1984 and 1985 and in plots sprayed with two formulations of Bacillus thuringiensis in 1985. There was two distincy generations per crop and no noticeable difference in population fluctuations were observed in unsprayed plots between years. There was distinct difference between unsprayed and sprayed plots in 1985, from the larval period onwards. However, the survivorship patterns in all plots in both years were a Type 2 based onDeevey's (1947) classification. Life table studies showed that there was essentially no difference in the mortality agents acting on each of the stages except for numerical differences in the within‐generation mortality rates. The major mortality rates during the egg stage were the parasitoid, Trichogramma spp. and unknown factors including rainfall; in the larval 1 stage was unknown mortality; in the larval 2 stage was the parasitoid, Apanteles plutellae and during the pupal stage was unknown mortality and parasitoid, Diadromus subtilicornis. Adult mortality was determined for generation 2. It was relatively higher in the unsprayed plots compared to the B. thuringiensis sprayed plots. The contribution of abiotic factors such as rainfall and temperature, and biotic factors such as parasitoids and predators in determining within‐generation population levels and the fluctuation of populations on cabbage were discussed.
Effects of dietary triacylglycerol structure on triacylglycerols of resultant chylomicrons from fish oil‐ and seal oil‐fed rats
Authors: Christensen Michael Søberg , Høy Carl‐Erik 
Published: December 2006

AbstractWe investigated the influence of the intramolecular fatty acid distribution of dietary triacyl‐sn‐glycerols (TAG) rich in n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on the structure of chylomicron TAG. Fish oil and seal oil, comparable in fatty acid compositions but with different contents of major n‐3 PUFA esterified at thesn‐2 position (20:5n‐3, 46.6%, and 5.3%; 22:6n‐3, 75.5%, and 3.8%, respectively), were fed to rats. Mesenteric lymph was collected and the chylomicrons were isolated by ultracentrifugation. The fatty acid composition of chylomicrons largely reflected the fatty acid composition of the oils administered. The intramolecular fatty acid distributions of the TAG fed were reflected in the chylomicron TAG as the fraction of the total contents observed in thesn‐2 position of 20:5n‐3 were 23.6 and 13.3%, and of 22:6n‐3 were 30.6 and 5.4% for resultant chylomicrons following fish oil and seal oil administration, respectively. Thus, after seal oil administration, significant higher load of n‐3 PUFA was esterified in thesn‐1,3 positions of chylomicron TAG compared with fish oil administration (P<0.05).
Mortality pattern and age structure in two carabid populations with different seasonal life cycles
Authors: Sota Teiji 
Published: December 2006

Summary
Adult populations of two carabid species, a spring breeder, Carabus yaconinus, and an autumn breeder, Leptocarabus kumagaii, were studied in a lowland habitat (area: 16,500 m2) by pitfall sampling and mark‐recapture method. The seasonal change in population number, age structure and mortality pattern were clarified and related to their seasonal life cycles.
The survival rate of new adults from emergence to the first reproductive season was on the average 48% in C. yaconinus and 55% in L. kumagaii. In C. yaconinus, beetles which emerged later in the season survived more to the first reproductive season than those emerged earlier. C. yaconinus which had survived the pre‐reproductive period mostly died out during the first reproductive season of 5 months, and about 8% survived until the second season. In L. kumagaii which had a short reproductive period in autumn, about 20% survived to the second reproductive season, and a small proportion even to the third reproductive season. Accordingly, the proportion of old beetles in the reproductive population was higher in L. kumagaii than in C. yaconinus.
The reproductive population of C. yaconinus contained on the average 1600 beetles and produced 3300 new adults. the L. kumagaii population contained on the average about 530 reproductives in autumn, and about 820 beetles emerged in the following year. The recruitment rate of new adults of C. yaconinus was higher than that of L. kumagaii, and this resulted in its higher population density. In L. kumagaii, however, the high adult survivorship and iteroparous reproduction were important for its population growth.
Relationship between seasonal adaptation and demographic strategies in the carabid populations were discussed.
Synthesis and characterization of dialkyl carbonates prepared from mid‐, long‐chain, and guerbet alcohols
Authors: Kenar James A. , Knothe Gerhard , Copes Ashley L. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractA series of organic carbonates derived from mid‐, long‐chain, and Guerbet alcohols were synthesized in good yield (69–80% isolated yields after purification by distillation or recrystallization) though a carbonate interchange reaction by heating the linear or Guerbet alcohols with diethyl carbonate in the presence of catalyst, n‐dibutyltin oxide. The carbonates were isolated by Kügelrohr distillation or recrystallization from acetone and characterized using FTIR, GC, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, and GC‐MS. El and positive Cl mass‐spectral techniques were used to characterize the carbonates. Such materials are currently of commercial interest as lubricants and additives in various industrial applications.
Enterprise resource planning (ERP)—A brief history
Authors: Robert Jacobs F. , ‘Ted’ Weston F.C. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractThis is a brief history of ERP—enterprise resource planning. Major ERP vendors are discussed as well as the major impact of developments in computer hardware and software on the industry. The industry consolidation that has recently occurred is also discussed. Interviews were conducted with Mr. Ed McVaney, founder of J.D. Edwards, Rick Allen, former VP of Finance and Administration, and Rick Snow, former Chief Legal Counsel of J.D. Edwards. Information was also obtained from Bill Robinson who held the position of “Industry Consultant” with IBM in the mid‐1980s.
Investigation and management of adult periorbital and orbital cellulitis
Authors: Robinson A , Beech T , McDermott A L , Sinha A 
Published: December 2006

Background: Orbital cellulitis has important complications. Despite this, there are few studies in the literature of large groups of cases of this condition.Methods: We performed a retrospective case analysis of all patients admitted with periorbital and orbital cellulitis between 2002 and 2004.Results: A total of 27 cases were included in the study. Of these, 25 had undergone a computed tomography scan, 19 of which had revealed significant sinus disease; 10 had had a microbiology result, with the most common organism being Streptococcus milleri; 20 had had a white cell count taken, with raised results in only 10; 12 had undergone surgery; and 25 had made a good recovery. One case had been found to be squamous cell carcinoma of the nasal cavity.Conclusions: In this study, sinus disease was the commonest cause of orbital cellulitis, with the commonest organism being Streptococcus milleri. Only 50 per cent of cases with proven disease had had a raised white cell count; this is therefore not a very sensitive test.
Effects of treatment with a 5‐HT4receptor antagonist in heart failure
Authors: Birkeland J A K , Sjaastad I , Brattelid T , Qvigstad E , Moberg E R , Krobert K A , Bjørnerheim R , Skomedal T , Sejersted O M , Osnes J‐B , Levy F O 
Published: December 2006

Background and purpose:Positive inotropic responses (PIR) to 5‐hydroxytryptamine (5‐HT) are induced in the left ventricle (LV) in rats with congestive heart failure (CHF); this is associated with upregulation of the Gs‐coupled 5‐HT4receptor. We investigated whether chronic 5‐HT4receptor blockade improved cardiac function in CHF rats.Experimental approach:Rats were given either the 5‐HT4antagonist SB207266 (0.5 mg kg−124h−1; MIint) or placebo (MIpl) through mini‐osmotic pumps for 6 weeks subsequent to induction of post‐infarction CHF.In vivocardiac function andex vivoresponses to isoprenaline or 5‐HT were evaluated using echocardiography and isolated LV papillary muscles, respectively. mRNA levels were investigated using real‐time quantitative RT‐PCR.Key results:LV diastolic function improved, with 4.6% lower LV diastolic diameter and 24.2% lower mitral flow deceleration in MIintcompared to MIpl. SB207266 reduced LV systolic diameter by 6.1%, heart weight by 10.2% and lung weight by 13.1%. The changes in posterior wall thickening and shortening velocity, cardiac output, LV systolic pressure and (dP/dt)max, parameters of LV systolic function, did not reach statistical significance. The PIR to isoprenaline (10 μM) increased by 36% and the response to 5‐HT (10 μM) decreased by 57% in MIintcompared to MIpl. mRNA levels for ANP, 5‐HT4(b)and 5‐HT2Areceptors, MHCβ, and the MHCβ/MHCα‐ratio were not significantly changed in MIintcompared to MIpl.Conclusions and implications:Treatment with SB207266 to some extent improvedin vivocardiac function andex vivomyocardial function, suggesting a possible beneficial effect of treatment with a 5‐HT4receptor antagonist in CHF.British Journal of Pharmacology(2007)150, 143–152. doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0706966
Presenilin/γ-secretase and α-secretase-like peptidases cleave human MHC Class I proteins
Authors: Carey Bryce W. , Kim Doo Y. , Kovacs Dora M. 
Published: December 2006

HLA (human leucocyte antigen)-A2 is an MHC Class I protein with primary functions in T-cell development and initi-ation of immune cell responses. MHC I proteins also play roles in intercellular adhesion, apoptosis, cell proliferation and neuronal plasticity. By utilizing a sequence comparison analysis, we recently identified HLA-A2 as a potential substrate for the Alzheimer's disease-associated PS1 (presenilin 1)/γ-secretase. α-Secretase-like membrane metalloproteinases are responsible for an initial shedding event, partially mediated by ADAM (a disinteg-rin and metalloproteinase)-10. Accordingly, activation or inhibition of α-secretase-like membrane metalloproteinases directly modulated levels of a 14 kDa HLA-A2 CTF (C-terminal frag-ment) in CHO (Chinese-hamster ovary) cells. To show that the HLA-A2 CTF is subsequently cleaved by PS1/γ-secretase, we re-duced its activity in cell lines stably expressing HLA-A2 and in Jurkat T-cells expressing endogenous MHC I. Treatment with specific PS1/γ-secretase inhibitors or expression of a dominant-negative construct led to a significant accumulation of HLA-A2 CTFs. We also identified the PS1/γ-secretase cleavage product of HLA-A2 CTF, termed HLA-A2 intracellular domain, in cell-free and cell-based experiments. In the absence of proteasome inhibitors, HLA-A2 intracellular domain underwent rapid degrad-ation. These data indicate that MHC I proteins undergo extra-cellular domain cleavage mediated by α-secretases and the cleavage product is subsequently cleaved by PS1/γ-secretase.