bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Social Change Movements and the Struggle Over Meaning‐Making: A Case Study of Domestic Violence Narratives
Authors: Lehrner Amy , Allen Nicole E. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractSocial movement theorists have emphasized the important role of meaning‐making for social change movements (e.g., D. A. Snow and R. D. Benford, 1992, In: A. D. Morris & C. M. Mueller (Eds.) Frontiers in social movement theory. Yale University Press, New Haven, CT, pp 133–155; C. M. Mueller, 1992, In: A. D. Morris & C. M. Mueller (Eds.) Frontiers in social movement theory. Yale University Press, New Haven, CT, pp 3–26). Using the domestic violence movement as a case study, this study undertakes a close analysis of advocates' narratives about the phenomenon of domestic violence. This analysis sheds light on the current status of the movement as a social change movement attempting to promote alternative understandings of domestic violence as a social, rather than individual, problem. Study findings provide some evidence that the domestic violence movement has become increasingly de‐politicized by documenting a range of narratives that convey an apolitical, degendered, individual‐level analysis of domestic violence.
Arginine supplementation in four patients with X‐linked creatine transporter defect
Authors: Fons C. , Sempere A. , Arias A. , López‐Sala A. , Póo P. , Pineda M. , Mas A. , Vilaseca M. A. , Salomons G. S. , Ribes A. , Artuch R. , Campistol J. 
Published: October 2008

SummaryBackgroundTreatment with oral creatine monohydrate has not shown efficacy in patients with creatine transporter deficiency (CRTR‐D). Another therapeutic option proposed isl‐arginine, the substrate for the enzymel‐arginine:glycine amidinotransferase (AGAT). We evaluate clinical characteristics and cerebral creatine replenishment afterl‐arginine therapy in four patients with CRTR‐D.Patients and methodsFour boys with genetically confirmed diagnosis of CRTR‐D (ages 9–16 years) were supplemented withl‐arginine (0.4 g/kg per day) for a period of 9 months. Treatment efficacy was evaluated by clinical and neuropsychological assessment and determination of creatine signals by brain proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H‐MRS).ResultsEpileptic seizures remained well controlled with antiepileptic drugs in three cases, both before and afterl‐arginine supplementation. Vineland Adaptive Behaviour Scale did not show any change in communication, daily living skills, socialization or motor skills, and a lack of improvement in brain1H‐MRS follow‐up was observed.l‐Arginine was discontinued at the end of the observation period.ConclusionsNine months ofl‐arginine supplementation did not show effectiveness in the four patients affected with CRTR‐D in this protocol.
Disease Rarity, Carrier Status, and Gender: A Triple Disadvantage for Women with Fabry Disease
Authors: Gibas Andrea L. , Klatt Regan , Johnson Jack , Clarke Joe T. R. , Katz Joel 
Published: October 2008

AbstractFabry disease is a multi‐systemic X‐linked genetic disorder which has progressive and deadly consequences for those it afflicts. Fabry disease symptoms are widely recognized as a substantive burden for affected males. In comparison, female heterozygotes have traditionally been viewed as relatively symptom‐free, though a debate continues about whether and how much they suffer with the disease. Previous research suggests that females with Fabry disease may be triply disadvantaged in healthcare settings owing to: (1) disease rarity, (2) devalued carrier status, and (3) gender. The combined effects of these three factors suggest that female heterozygotes may suffer substantially with Fabry disease symptoms. A qualitative analysis of a brief disease‐specific questionnaire provides supportive evidence. The female Fabry disease participants described experiencing significant symptoms that interfered with their lives. They also described unsatisfying experiences with healthcare professionals related to disease rarity, carrier status, and gender. The results of this study corroborate the suggestion that this triple disadvantage exists and may preclude appropriate management and treatment of females with Fabry disease. The role of healthcare professionals, including genetic counselors, in remedying this disadvantage is reviewed.
How the scrub height of dwarf pine Pinus pumila decreases at the treeline
Authors: Takahashi Koichi , Yoshida Shuhei 
Published: October 2008

AbstractPlant height decreases much within narrow altitudinal spans near treelines. We compared the stem age, stem inclination and shoot elongation rates of alpine dwarf pine Pinus pumila between the upper distribution limit (treeline, 2,850 m a.s.l.) and the lower distribution limit (2,500 m a.s.l.) on Mount Norikura in central Japan, to examine how the growth traits of P. pumila change with altitude. The mean stem height at the upper distribution limit (49 cm) was about a quarter of that at the lower distribution limit (187 cm). The mean ratio of stem height to length was lower at the upper distribution limit than at the lower distribution limit, indicating that P. pumila stems inclined more at the higher altitude. The mean stem age at the upper distribution limit (48 years) was less than a half of that at the lower distribution limit (109 years). Although the shoot elongation rate positively correlated with stem length at the two altitudes, the shoot elongation rate at a given stem length was lower at the upper distribution limit than at the lower distribution limit. Thus, less developed scrub at the upper distribution limit than at the lower distribution limit was due to shorter stem age, more creeping stems and lower shoot elongation rates. Generally, wind velocity is greater in higher altitudes. Probably, strong wind reduces the growth and mean stem age of P. pumila stems at the upper distribution limit. Therefore, this study concludes that the scrub height of P. pumila is controlled not only by temperature, but also by strong wind.
Phenethyl isothiocyanate induces cell cycle arrest and reduction of α‐ and β‐tubulin isotypes in human prostate cancer cells
Authors: Yin Ping , Kawamura Tomoya , He Meilan , Vanaja Donkena Krishna , Young Charles Y.F. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThis study was to investigate the effect of phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC), a constituent of many edible cruciferous vegetables, on the expression of α‐ and β‐tubulins, which are the main components of microtubules in prostate cancer cells. Flow cytometry, light microscopy and western blot were used to study the cell cycle distribution, morphology changes and the expression of α‐ and β‐tubulins in prostate cancer cells treated with PEITC. The results showed that PEITC‐induced G2–M cell phase arrest and inhibited the expression of α‐ and β‐tubulin proteins in a number of human prostatic carcinoma cell lines. Further, it is showed that this inhibitory effect could be reversed by antioxidant N‐acetyl cysteine and proteasome inhibitor MG132. Finally, it is concluded that PEITC inhibited the expression of α‐ and β‐tubulins in prostate cancer cells, which is at least related to the oxygen reaction species and protein degradation.
Serum levels of collagen type‐I degradation markers are associated with vascular stiffness in chronic heart failure patients
Authors: Chatzikyriakou Sofia V. , Tziakas Dimitrios N. , Chalikias Georgios K. , Stakos Dimitrios A. , Thomaidi Adina K. , Mitrousi Konstantina , Lantzouraki Asimina E. , Kotsiou Stamatia , Maltezos Efstratios , Boudoulas Harisios 
Published: October 2008

AbstractBackground:Chronic heart failure (CHF) induces peripheral vasoconstriction, endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffness by activation of various neurohormonal pathways. The abnormal collagen turnover observed in CHF may be attributed not only to myocardial remodelling, but also to vascular remodelling. However, the effect of collagen metabolism on progressive large artery stiffening in the setting of CHF is understudied.Aims:The present study was undertaken to investigate the association between circulating markers of collagen turnover and vascular stiffness in patients with CHF.Methods:Eighty patients (mean age 6±11 years, 68 men) with stable CHF and in sinus rhythm, were studied. Serum concentrations of carboxy‐terminal telopeptide of collagen type I (CITP) and amino‐terminal propetide of procollagen type I (PINP), markers of collagen type I degregation and synthesis respectively, were measured in all patients. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) and augmentation index (AIx) of aortic pulse wave form, markers of arterial stiffness, were also determined by applanation tonometry.Results:Peripheral PWV was inversely associated with serum CITP levels (r = −0.585, p<0.001). AIx although weakly was negatively correlated with serum CITP levels (r = −0.285, p = 0.01). Multiple regression analysis showed that peripheral PWV remained independently associated with serum CITP levels after adjustment for all confounding variables.Conclusions:Findings from the present study imply a possible link between altered collagen metabolism and peripheral vascular stiffness in CHF.
The effect of change in clinical state on eye movement dysfunction in schizophrenia
Authors: Kallimani Dimitra , Theleritis Christos , Evdokimidis Ioannis , Stefanis Nicholas C. , Chatzimanolis Ioannis , Smyrnis Nikolaos 
Published: October 2008

AbstractMeasures of eye movement dysfunction have been considered as candidate endophenotypes for the study of genetic liability in schizophrenia. In this respect it is crucial to confirm a clinical state independentce of these measures. Twenty people with DSM-IV schizophrenia were assessed using a battery of oculomotor tasks in the acute phase of their disorder without being treated with antipsychotic medication and then again in the remission phase under treatment with antipsychotic medication. The saccade latency in the saccade task, the error rate and antisaccade latency in the antisaccade task, and the frequency of unwanted saccades in the active fixation task were stable in time both at the group level and within each individual, showing no relation to the significant improvement in different psychopathological dimensions of these patients. The root mean square error, gain and saccade frequency in the pursuit task were not stable over time, although again this instability was not related to the changes in psychopathological status of these patients. Finally, the saccade frequency in the active fixation task with distracters was not stable in time and was correlated with changes in specific dimensions of psychopathology. These results provide further evidence that saccade and smooth eye pursuit dysfunction measures are not affected by the substantial change in the clinical state of schizophrenia from the acute phase to remission, and strengthen the current view that they can be used as endophenotypes. On the other hand, active fixation might be state-dependent adding to the evidence against its use as a candidate endophenotype in schizophrenia.
Intrapartum stillbirth in a Nigerian tertiary hospital setting
Authors: Chigbu Chibuike O. , Okezie Obioma A. , Odugu Boniface U. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the nonmedical events contributing to intrapartum stillbirths in an African setting.MethodsRetrospective analysis of the records of women who had intrapartum stillbirths at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, from January 1999 to December 2007. The events surrounding the delivery of these women were critically analyzed and statistically compared with those who had live births to determine the nonmedical factors contributing to the stillbirths.ResultsThe overall stillbirth rate was 89 per 1000 births. The intrapartum stillbirth rate was 52.1 per 1000 births. Nonmedical factors contributing to stillbirths included delays in receiving appropriate management, inadequate intrapartum monitoring, inappropriate interventions, and wrong diagnosis. All 3 types of delay were significantly associated with intrapartum stillbirth (P = 0.0001).ConclusionIntrapartum stillbirth accounts for the majority of stillbirths in this setting. Avoidable delays, suboptimal intrapartum monitoring, and inappropriate interventions contribute to the majority of intrapartum stillbirths in Nigeria.
Intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 K469E polymorphism in Korean patients with spontaneous preterm delivery
Authors: Kwon Han‐Sung , Sohn In‐Sook , Lee Ji‐Young , Lee Sun‐Joo , Kim Soo‐Nyung , Kim Bok‐Ja 
Published: October 2008

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate the association between intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 (ICAM‐1) gene K469E polymorphism and spontaneous preterm delivery in a Korean population.MethodsGenomic DNA was extracted from whole blood from 55 women experiencing preterm labor and 153 multiparous women (control group) with a history of at least 2 term deliveries. DNA samples were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism.ResultsThe spontaneous preterm delivery (SPD) group carried the 469E allele significantly more frequently than those in the control group (odds ratio [OR], 1.62; 95% CI, 1.04–2.53). The EE genotype was significantly associated with increased risk of SPD (OR, 2.84; 95% CI, 1.17–6.89; P = 0.02). Allelic frequencies in women with abnormal C‐reactive protein levels (K = 0.48; E = 0.52) were significantly different from frequencies in the controls (K = 0.68; E = 0.32) (P = 0.006).ConclusionsICAM‐1 gene K469E polymorphism may be a candidate region and useful predictor of susceptibility to SPD in the Korean population.
Concurrent infections ofFasciola,SchistosomaandAmphistomumspp. in cattle from Kafue and Zambezi river basins of Zambia
Authors: Yabe J. , Phiri I.K. , Phiri A.M. , Chembensofu M. , Dorny P. , Vercruysse J. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThis study investigated interactions amongFasciola gigantica,Schistosomaspp. andAmphistomumspp. concurrent natural infections in Zambian cattle, based on egg and worm counts. In the abattoir 315 cattle were screened for worms ofF. giganticain the liver,Schistosomaspp. in mesenteric veins and/orAmphistomumspp. in the rumen. One hundred and thirty-three (42.2%) of the abattoir-examined cattle harboured one, two or all three trematodes. Of 133 cattle, 50 were randomly selected for worm and egg counts. The mean numbers ( ± SD) ofAmphistomum, SchistosomaandFasciolawere 622.08 ( ± 97.87), 33.68 ( ± 7.44) and 19.46 ( ± 4.58), respectively. A total of 32% harboured all the three trematodes, 66% hadF. giganticaandAmphistomumspp. infections, 52% hadSchistosomaspp. andAmphistomumspp. infections while 32% hadF. giganticaandSchistosomainfections. A positive correlation (P = 0.014) was found betweenF. giganticaandAmphistomumworm burdens. There were no correlations betweenAmphistomumandSchistosomaworm burdens and betweenF. giganticaandSchistosomaworm burdens. It may be concluded that there is no significant cross-protection among these trematodes in cattle in endemic areas.
Frontiers of Family Life: Early Modern Atlantic and Indian Ocean Worlds
Authors: MANNING PATRICK 
Published: October 2008

AbstractFamilies, while usually thought of in local terms, also have their global dimension: some families stretch around the world, while families anywhere are affected by worldwide declines in mortality. This study addresses the local and global changes brought to family structures by migration. Through comparisons of five pairs of regions from the early modern Indian Ocean world and Atlantic basin, the study shows how migration created distinctive regional age and sex ratios. It also traces the flows of migrants between Atlantic and Indian Ocean and compares the intensity of migration in each zone. It argues that expanding migration reinforced familial mixing and family frontiers in virtually every region and every social grouping. The resulting complexity in family mixes often caused families to become smaller, yet brought new criteria (birthplace, colour, religion, etc.) for hierarchy and social order.
Bounded-type Siegel disks of a one-dimensional family of entire functions
Authors: KEEN LINDA , ZHANG GAOFEI 
Published: October 2008

AbstractLet 0<θ<1 be an irrational number of bounded type. We prove that for any map in the family (e2πiθz+αz2)ez, α∈ℂ, the boundary of the Siegel disk, with fixed point at the origin, is a quasi-circle passing through one or both of the critical points.
Integration of communicative partner's visual perspective in patterns of referential requests
Authors: BAHTIYAR SEVDA , KÜNTAY AYLIN C. 
Published: October 2008

ABSTRACTHow do Turkish children differ from adults in sensitivity to the commonality of their partner's perspective with their own in producing referential language? Fifteen five- to six-year-olds, 15 nine- to ten-year-olds and 15 adults were asked to tell a confederate to pick up an object across three conditions: the common ground condition, in which two similar objects with one contrastive feature were visible to both the participants and the confederate; the privileged ground condition, in which one of the two similar objects was available only to the participant; and the baseline condition, in which there were no competing objects. Age-related increases were found from preschool ages into adulthood in the production of (a) discriminating adjectives in the common ground trials, and (b) requestive speech acts with verbal constructions, rather than noun-only labels. A follow-up study with preschoolers (N=15) prompted for requestive speech acts, leading to an increase in discriminating adjectives.
Effect of naproxen on the hypothalamic–pituitary– adrenal axis in healthy volunteers
Authors: Eijsbouts Agnes M. M. , Kempers Marlies J. E. , Kramer Renske S. A. , Hopman Maria T. E. , Van Den Hoogen Frank H. J. , Laan Ronald F. J. M. , Hermus Ad R. M. M. , Sweep Fred C. G. J. , Van De Putte Leo B. A. 
Published: October 2008

WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ABOUT THIS SUBJECT • In patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) the activity of the hypothalamic– pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis is decreased. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS • It is not known how the frequent use of nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in patients with RA influences the HPA axis.• In this study the effect of the NSAID naproxen on HPA axis activity was tested in healthy volunteers.• Two weeks' use of naproxen did not influence the activity of the HPA axis in healthy volunteers under basal circumstances, nor in response to physical stress.AIMTo study the effect of the nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug naproxen on the activity of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis in healthy volunteers.METHODSA double‐blind, randomized study in two groups of 20 healthy volunteers was performed. The activity of the HPA axis was measured before and after the use of naproxen or placebo during a period of 2 weeks. Basal plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol, 24‐h urinary cortisol, and circadian cortisol rhythm in saliva were determined. Plasma ACTH and cortisol were also measured during submaximal physical exercise.RESULTSThere were no significant differences between the placebo and naproxen groups in basal plasma ACTH [09.00 h 3.1 pmol l−1, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.0, 4.2, and 2.8 pmol l−1, 95% CI 1.9, 3.7, respectively], cortisol levels (09.00 h 0.45 µmol l−1, 95% CI 0.39, 0.51, and 0.40 µmol l−1, 95% CI 0.35, 0.44, respectively), 24 h urinary cortisol excretion (67.5 nmol 24 h−1, 95% CI 54.3, 80.7, and 86.8 nmol 24 h−1, 95% CI 54.4, 119.2, respectively), circadian cortisol rhythm measured in salivary samples, or ACTH and cortisol concentrations after physical exercise. After the use of placebo or naproxen for 2 weeks, no significant change in any of the parameters occurred (ACTH 09.00 h 3.0 pmol l−1, 95% CI 2.0, 3.9, and 3.0 pmol l−1, 95% CI 2.2, 3.8, respectively; cortisol 09.00 h 0.45 µmol l−1, 95% CI 0.37, 0.52, and 0.39 µmol l−1, 95% CI 0.34, 0.44, respectively; cortisol urine 79.5 nmol 24 h−1, 95% CI 59.5, 99.4, and 81.7 nmol 24 h−1, 95% CI 64.0, 99.4, respectively), and no significant differences were found in these parameters between the placebo and naproxen groups.CONCLUSIONSThe use of naproxen does not influence the activity of the HPA axis in healthy volunteers under basal circumstances or in response to physical stress.
Bronchoalveolar neutrophils, interferon gamma-inducible protein 10 and interleukin-7 in AIDS-associated tuberculosis
Authors: Kibiki G S , Myers L C , Kalambo C F , Hoang S B , Stoler M H , Stroup S E , Houpt E R 
Published: October 2008

SummaryDuring advanced AIDS tuberculosis (TB) often presents atypically with smear-negative and non-cavitary disease, yet immune features associated with this change are poorly characterized. We examined the local immune response in a cohort of Tanzanian AIDS-associated TB patients who underwent bronchoalveolar lavage. TB infection was confirmed in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid by culture, probe and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Among TB patients CD4 count correlated positively with the extent of cavitary disease as well as BAL TB load (qPCR CT). TB patients had significantly higher granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) than non-TB patients, and those with non-cavitary TB had significantly higher BAL interferon gamma-inducible protein (IP-10) and interleukin (IL)-7 than those with cavities. BAL neutrophils were as prevalent as monocytes/macrophages or epithelial cells, and immunohistochemistry revealed that neutrophils, monocytes/macrophages, and epithelial cells were major sources of the IP-10 and IL-7. These data suggest a dysregulated cytokine profile may contribute to the TB of advanced AIDS.
Affinity maturation of immunoglobulin A anti-tissue transglutaminase autoantibodies during development of coeliac disease
Authors: Westerlund A , Ankelo M , Simell S , Ilonen J , Knip M , Simell O , Hinkkanen A E 
Published: October 2008

Summary
Coeliac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated enteropathy triggered by ingestion of wheat gluten and related cereals in genetically predisposed individuals. Circulating immunoglobulin A (IgA) class autoantibodies against tissue transglutaminase (IgA–TGA) are highly specific and sensitive serological markers for CD, which is ultimately confirmed by duodenal biopsy. Although CD is considered a life-long disorder, transient or fluctuating IgA–TGA seropositivity has been observed in asymptomatic individuals on a gluten-containing diet. We set out to explore possible differences in the maturation of IgA–TGA avidity between individuals progressing to CD and subjects remaining healthy despite occasional expression of autoantibodies. We developed a time-resolved fluorometric IgA–TGA assay based on human recombinant tissue transglutaminase (tTG), and further modified the method to also measure urea-dependent avidity of the autoantibodies. We measured the autoantibody titres and avidities of sequential serum samples from 10 children developing CD and 10 children presenting transient or fluctuating autoantibodies. Both the initial titres at seroconversion and peak values of transient/fluctuating IgA–TGA were significantly lower than corresponding autoantibody titres in samples drawn from individuals with progressing CD (P = 0·004 and P = 0·0002, respectively). However, there were no statistically significant differences in the initial or peak avidity index values between the two groups of children. The avidity index values increased during the follow-up period (P = 0·013 for both groups) with no significant difference in the rate of avidity maturation between children with transient/fluctuating IgA–TGA and children developing CD. According to our results, high autoantibody titres have a higher predictive value than avidity maturation of TGA-IgA in screening for CD.