bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Premenopausal Patients With Hormone-Positive Breast Cancer With a Recurrence Score of 16-25: A Retrospective Analysis Using the National Cancer Database
Authors: Ashok Kumar Prashanth , Wang Dongliang , Huang Danning , Sivapiragasam Abirami 
Published: April 2024

PURPOSE Results from the TAILORx trial revealed that the use of adjuvant chemotherapy along with endocrine therapy had no survival advantage in patients with estrogen receptor (ER)–positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2–negative (HER2–), node-negative (N0) breast cancer (BC) with an intermediate (11-25) 21-gene recurrence score (RS) in the overall population. However, in patients under age 50 years, adjuvant chemotherapy demonstrated a progression-free survival benefit when the RS ranged from 16-25. We studied this cohort with the population-based national database. METHODS The 2010-2018 National Cancer Database was used to include patients with BC age 18-50 years, N0, M0, RS 16-25, ER+/progesterone receptor±, and HER2–. Patients were divided into two groups on the basis of adjuvant chemotherapy use, and the survival between them was compared. RESULTS Adjuvant chemotherapy use was noted in 4,808/15,792 (30.45%) patients. Median RS was 18 and 21 in patients without and with adjuvant chemotherapy, respectively. Factors associated with adjuvant chemotherapy use were higher T stage, poor and moderately differentiated tumors, age <40 years, care at an academic center, Caucasian race, patients undergoing mastectomy, regional lymph node surgery, and radiation therapy. Kaplan-Meier survival at 10 years was better with adjuvant chemotherapy (96.2% v 91.6%). Patients without adjuvant chemotherapy had more adverse outcomes (hazard ratio [HR], 1.683 [95% CI, 1.392 to 2.036]; P < .0001). Subgroup analysis showed that the benefit was significant in patients with RS scores 21-25 (HR, 1.953 [95% CI, 1.295 to 2.945]), ductal histology (HR, 1.521 [95% CI, 1.092 to 2.118]), Caucasian race (HR, 1.655 [95% CI, 1.180 to 2.322]), and 41-50 years age group (HR, 1.732 [95% CI, 1.244 to 2.411]). CONCLUSION Our study showed an overall survival benefit for adjuvant chemotherapy use in patients with ER-positive, N0 premenopausal BC patients, age less than 50 years, with an intermediate RS score, particularly 21-25.
Topological defects and boundary states in four-dimensional topological insulator
Authors: Chang Zhi-Wen , Hao Wei-Chang , Liu Xin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We show the connection between the second Chern number and topological defects, in a (4+1)-dimensional time-reversal invariant Dirac lattice model. It is discovered that two types of topological defects, the five-dimensional (5D) and four-dimensional (4D) point defects arise from the singular points of wave functions together with the geometric meaning of the second Chern number. We demonstrated that the 5D point defects appear at the band crossing positions with a topological transition, leading to a jump of the second Chern number. The 4D point defects exist in an insulating bulk, whose topological charges can give the evaluations of the second Chern number of energy bands. Finally, we discussed the possible structures of the boundary states in the light of the realization way of the 4D model. Our theory provides not only a new perspective to grasp the second Chern number, but also a simple approach to derive its values without calculating any integrals.
The influence patterns of carbon flux in different climatic zones in China —Based on the complex network approach
Authors: Qing Ting , Wang Fan , Du Ruijin , Dong Gaogao , Tian Lixin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Research on ecosystem carbon flux can provide important methodological and strategic support for climate change mitigation. The existing studies focus on the calculation of carbon flux, ignoring the intertwined effects between regions. The quantification and analysis of the interaction patterns of carbon flux is crucial for understanding the global carbon cycle process, forecasting and coping with climate change. In this study, carbon flux network model sequences are established based on complex network theory using carbon flux data spanning from December 1, 2005, to November 30, 2020. The time delay effect is introduced to accurately quantify the influence patterns of carbon flux within climate zones across China. The findings indicate that the probability distribution function of the link weights during the various seasons of each year exhibits a bimodal distribution with distinct positive and negative components. The delay probability distribution function reveals the significant impact of delay effects, which are especially pronounced and mostly significant long-term lag effects in nodes with negative weights. Further, the results of the interactions of carbon flux among climate zones demonstrate that changes in carbon flux in the plateau and southern temperate regions have either positive or negative impacts on other climate zones. Therefore, controlling carbon flux changes in these climatic zones can effectively optimize the distribution of carbon flux. The modeling framework and results presented in this paper provide useful insights for the regulation and distribution optimization of carbon flux in China.
Dietary restriction and life-history trade-offs: insights into mTOR pathway regulation and reproductive investment in Japanese quail
Authors: Reda Gebrehaweria K. , Ndunguru Sawadi F. , Csernus Brigitta , Gulyás Gabriella , Knop Renáta , Szabó Csaba , Czeglédi Levente , Lendvai Ádám Z. 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT
Resources are needed for growth, reproduction and survival, and organisms must trade off limited resources among competing processes. Nutritional availability in organisms is sensed and monitored by nutrient-sensing pathways that can trigger physiological changes or alter gene expression. Previous studies have proposed that one such signalling pathway, the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), underpins a form of adaptive plasticity when individuals encounter constraints in their energy budget. Despite the fundamental importance of this process in evolutionary biology, how nutritional limitation is regulated through the expression of genes governing this pathway and its consequential effects on fitness remain understudied, particularly in birds. We used dietary restriction to simulate resource depletion and examined its effects on body mass, reproduction and gene expression in Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica). Quails were subjected to feeding at 20%, 30% and 40% restriction levels or ad libitum for 2 weeks. All restricted groups exhibited reduced body mass, whereas reductions in the number and mass of eggs were observed only under more severe restrictions. Additionally, dietary restriction led to decreased expression of mTOR and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), whereas the ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1 (RPS6K1) and autophagy-related genes (ATG9A and ATG5) were upregulated. The pattern in which mTOR responded to restriction was similar to that for body mass. Regardless of the treatment, proportionally higher reproductive investment was associated with individual variation in mTOR expression. These findings reveal the connection between dietary intake and the expression of mTOR and related genes in this pathway.
Uchodźcze dzieciństwo w Indiach we wspomnieniach Wiesława Stypuły
Authors: Chojnowski Zbigniew 
Published: April 2024

W artykule jest postawiona teza, że Wiesław Stypuła w książce W gościnie u „polskiego” maharadży (wspomnienia z pobytu w Osiedlu Dzieci Polskich w Indiach w latach 1942–1946) przezwycięża traumatyczne doświadczenia, które przeżył w Rosji Sowieckiej w latach 1940-1942. Przemiana stała się możliwa dzięki temu, że bohater wspomnień wraz z innymi polskimi uchodźcami zamieszkał w Polish Children’s Camp w Balachadi. Opiekę nad nimi objął polski, brytyjski oraz indyjski rząd. Szczególną rolę odegrał książę Nawanagaru Jam Sahib Digvijaysinhji Randźitsinhdźi, któremu autor okazuje wyjątkową wdzięczność. Autor wspomnień ma świadomość, że dzieci zawdzięczają ocalenie wielu ludziom i instytucjom. Narracja wspomnieniowa jest poprowadzona tak, aby czytelnik czytał ją jako opowieść o odzyskanym i podarowanym na powrót dzieciństwie. W książce zawiera się egzotyka, koloryt kulturowy, przyrodniczy i społeczny Indii. Autobiograf nasyca swoje wspomnienia elementami powieści podróżniczo-przygodowej. W książce występuje skłonność do idealizacji. Pamięć o dzieciństwie na uchodźstwie jest opowiadana z perspektywy członka społeczności, który mieszkał w Polish Children’s Camp. Życie we wspólnocie pozwoliło dzieciom odzyskać nie tylko zdrowie, lecz także osobistą i etniczną godność. Zapis autobiograficzny Stypuły jest rzadkim świadectwem uchodźczego losu, w którym uwzględniony jest punkt widzenia nastoletniego chłopca.
Identification of marker genes associated with N6-methyladenosine and autophagy in ulcerative colitis
Authors: Liu Xiao-Yan , Qiao Dan , Zhang Ya-Li , Liu Zi-Xuan , Chen You-Lan , Que Ren-Ye , Cao Hong-Yan , Dai Yan-Cheng 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND
Both N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation and autophagy are considered relevant to the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC). However, a systematic exploration of the role of the com-bination of m6A methylation and autophagy in UC remains to be performed.
AIM
To elucidate the autophagy-related genes of m6A with a diagnostic value for UC.
METHODS
The correlation between m6A-related genes and autophagy-related genes (ARGs) was analyzed. Finally, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed on the characteristic genes. Additionally, the expression levels of four characteristic genes were verified in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice.
RESULTS
GSEA indicated that BAG3, P4HB and TP53INP2 were involved in the inflammatory response and TNF-α signalling via nuclear factor kappa-B. Furthermore, polymerase chain reaction results showed significantly higher mRNA levels of BAG3 and P4HB and lower mRNA levels of FMR1 and TP53INP2 in the DSS group compared to the control group.
CONCLUSION
This study identified four m6A-ARGs that predict the occurrence of UC, thus providing a scientific reference for further studies on the pathogenesis of UC.
Successful treatment of Purpureocillium lilacinum pulmonary infection with isavuconazole: A case report
Authors: Yang Xue-Lin , Zhang Jun-Yu , Ren Jian-Min 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND
Purpureocillium lilacinum (P. lilacinum ) is a saprophytic fungus widespread in soil and vegetation. As a causative agent, it is very rarely detected in humans, most commonly in the skin.
CASE SUMMARY
In this article, we reported the case of a 72-year-old patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia who was admitted with cough and fever. Computed tomography revealed an infection in the right lower lobe. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid culture and metagenomic next-generation sequencing were ultimately confirmed to have a pulmonary infection with P. lilacinum . She was eventually discharged with good outcomes after treatment with isavuconazole.
CONCLUSION
Pulmonary infection with P. lilacinum was exceedingly rare. While currently there are no definitive therapeutic agents, there are reports of high resistance to amphotericin B and fluconazole and good sensitivity to second-generation triazoles. The present report is the first known use of isavuconazole for pulmonary P. lilacinum infection. It provides new evidence for the characterization and treatment of clinical P. lilacinum lung infections.
Paradoxical herniation associated with hyperbaric oxygen therapy after decompressive craniectomy: A case report
Authors: Ye Zhong-Xing , Fu Xin-Xin , Wu Yang-Zong , Lin Ling , Xie Liang-Qi , Hu Yu-Ling , Zhou Yi , You Zhu-Gui , Lin Hai 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND
Whether hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) can cause paradoxical herniation is still unclear.
CASE SUMMARY
A 65-year-old patient who was comatose due to brain trauma underwent decompressive craniotomy and gradually regained consciousness after surgery. HBOT was administered 22 d after surgery due to speech impairment. Paradoxical herniation appeared on the second day after treatment, and the patient’s condition worsened after receiving mannitol treatment at the rehabilitation hospital. After timely skull repair, the paradoxical herniation was resolved, and the patient regained consciousness and had a good recovery as observed at the follow-up visit.
CONCLUSION
Paradoxical herniation is rare and may be caused by HBOT. However, the underlying mechanism is unknown, and the understanding of this phenomenon is insufficient. The use of mannitol may worsen this condition. Timely skull repair can treat paradoxical herniation and prevent serious complications.
Unique method for removal of knotted lumbar epidural catheter: A case report
Authors: Deng Nian-Hua , Chen Xiao-Cong , Quan Shou-Bo 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND
Combined spinal-epidural (CSE) anesthesia is the preferred anesthesia method for cesarean delivery. The use of an epidural catheter is essential for administering additional drugs intraoperatively and managing postoperative pain. However, the insertion of epidural catheters is associated with various complications, such as total spinal anesthesia, symptoms indicative of spinal nerve root irritation, and challenges in epidural catheter removal.
CASE SUMMARY
We present a case report of a challenging epidural catheter removal due to knotting. The lumbar computed tomography scan results revealed that the catheter formed a tight knot in the epidural space. We used a novel extubation method and successfully removed the catheter.
CONCLUSION
The operator can use opposite forces to "spiral" apart the spinal joints by positioning the patient's body in a specific position. The findings indicate that, when combined with imaging examination results, this method is effective for the removal of epidural catheters.
Confocal laser endomicroscopy as predictive biomarker of clinical and endoscopic efficacy of vedolizumab in ulcerative colitis: The DETECT study
Authors: Quénéhervé Lucille , Trang-Poisson Caroline , Fantou Aurélie , Flamant Mathurin , Durand Tony , Bouguen Guillaume , Bregeon Jérémy , Oullier Thibauld , Amil Morgane , Dewitte Marie , Bardot Stéphanie , Blandin Stéphanie , Braudeau Cécile , Vibet Marie-Anne , Josien Régis , Neunlist Michel , Bourreille Arnaud 
Published: April 2024

Aims
In patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), no biomarker is available to help the physician to choose the most suitable biotherapy. The primary objective of this pilot study was to assess the feasibility of identification of α4β7- and TNF-expressing cells, to predict the response to vedolizumab using confocal laser endoscopy (CLE).

Methods
Patients with moderate-to-severe UC, naïve of biotherapy, received vedolizumab. Clinical evaluation was performed at each infusion. Endoscopic evaluation was performed before inclusion and at week 22. Fresh colonic biopsies were stained using FITC-labelled vedolizumab and Alexa fluor-labelled adalimumab and ex vivo dual-band CLE images were acquired. Blood samples were collected to measure trough concentrations of vedolizumab and to determine absolute counts of T and B cells subpopulations, NK cells and monocytes.

Results
Nineteen patients were enrolled in the study and received at least one dose of vedolizumab. Clinical remission and endoscopic improvement were observed in 58% of whom 5 patients (45%) had an endoscopic subscore of 0. In terms of clinical response and remission, endoscopic improvement and histologic response, FITC-conjugated vedolizumab staining tended to be higher in responder patients compared to non-responders at week 22. A threshold value of 6 positive FITC-vedolizumab staining areas detected by CLE seemed informative to discriminate the responders and non-responders. The results were similar in terms of clinical remission and endoscopic improvement with a sensitivity of 78% and a specificity of 85% (p = 0.05). Trough concentrations and blood immune cells were not associated with responses to vedolizumab.

Conclusion
This pilot study demonstrate that dual-band CLE is feasible to detect α4β7- and TNF-expressing cells. Positive α4β7 staining seems to be associated with clinical and endoscopic remission in UC patients treated by anti-α4β7-integrin, subject to validation by larger-scale studies.
Clinical-trial.gov: NCT02878083
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on excess maternal deaths in Brazil: A two-year assessment
Authors: Orellana Jesem Douglas Yamall , Leventhal Daniel Gray Paschoal , Flores-Quispe María del Pilar , Marrero Lihsieh , Jacques Nadège , Morón-Duarte Lina Sofía , Boschi-Pinto Cynthia 
Published: April 2024

Background
Accurate estimates of the COVID-19 pandemic’s indirect impacts are crucial, especially in low- and middle-income countries. This study aims to update estimates of excess maternal deaths in Brazil during the first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
This was an exploratory mixed ecological study using the counterfactual approach. The observed maternal deaths were gathered from the Mortality Information System (SIM) for the period between March 2015 and February 2022. Expected deaths from March 2020 to February 2022 were estimated using quasipoisson generalized additive models, considering quadrimester, age group, and their interaction as predictor variables. Analyses were performed in R version 4.1.2, RStudio, version 2023.03.1+446 and carried out with support from the “mgcv” and “plot_model” libraries.

Results
A total of 5,040 maternal deaths were reported, with varying excess mortality across regions and age groups, resulting in 69% excess maternal mortality throughout Brazil during the first two years of the pandemic. The Southeast region had 50% excess mortality throughout the first two years and 76% excess in the second year. The North region had 69% excess mortality, increasing in the second year, particularly among women aged 20–34. The Northeast region showed 80% excess mortality, with a significant increase in the second year, especially among women aged 35–49. The Central-West region had 75% excess mortality, higher in the second year and statistically significant among women aged 35–49. The South region showed 117% excess mortality, reaching 203% in the second year among women aged 20–34, but no excess mortality in the 10–19 age category.

Conclusions
Over two years, Brazil saw a significant impact on maternal excess deaths, regardless of region and pandemic year. The highest peak occurred between March and June 2021, emphasizing the importance of timely and effective epidemic responses to prevent avoidable deaths and prepare for new crises.
“There is a strangeness in this disease”: A qualitative study of parents’ experiences caring for a child diagnosed with COVID-19
Authors: Louie-Poon Samantha , Reid Kathy , Appiah Priscilla O. , Hartling Lisa , Scott Shannon D. 
Published: April 2024

Background
The beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic marked a period of uncertainty as public health guidelines, diagnostic criteria, and testing protocols or procedures have continuously evolved. Despite the virus being declared a worldwide pandemic, little research has been done to understand how parents manage caring for their child diagnosed with COVID-19. We sought to understand parents’ experiences and information need when caring for a child diagnosed with COVID-19.

Methods
A qualitative descriptive study with an inductive and exploratory approach was completed. Participants were recruited through social media and local public health clinics. Data collection and analysis were concurrent. Semi-structured virtual interviews were conducted with 27 participants. Thematic analysis was conducted.

Findings
Four major themes emerged: a) dealing with uncertainty; b) anxiety; c) social stigma and stress; d) a sense of community.

Conclusion
Our study highlights that parent experiences were diverse and multi-faceted, and their experiences evolved and shifted over the course of the pandemic. Parents would benefit from clear and consistent evidence-based online information. Understanding the perspectives of parents caring for a child with COVID-19 is an important step in developing future resources tailored to meet their unique experiences and information needs.
Biological activity of a benzene sulfonamide on perfusion pressure and coronary resistance using an isolated rat heart model
Authors: Alvarez-Ramirez Magdalena , Figueroa-Valverde Lauro , Rosas-Nexticapa Marcela , López-Ramos Maria , Mateu-Armad Maria Virginia , Garcimarrero-Espino Eli Alejandra , Hau-Heredia Lenin , Cauich-Carrillo Regina , Mijangos-Sanchez Julliete 
Published: April 2024

There are studies which indicate that some sulfonamide derivatives can produce changes in the cardiovascular system; however, their biological activity on perfusion presure and coronary resistance is not clear. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect exerted by benzenesulfonamide, and their derivatives (2,5-dichloro- N-(4-nitro-phenyl)-benzene-sulfonamide, 2-hydrazino-carbonyl-benzenesulfonamide, 4-(2-amino-ethyl)-benze- ne-sulfonamide, and 4-[3-(4-nitro-phenyl)-ureido]-benzene- sulfonamide) on perfusion pressure and coronary reistance. To evaluate the biological activity of benzenesulfonamide and their derivatives on perfusion pressure and coronary reistance an isolated rat heart model was used. Furthermore, theoretical interaction of 4-(2-amino-ethyl)-benzenesul- fonamide with Calcium channel surface was determined using 6jp5 protein, nifedipine, amlodipine, verapamil and BayK 8644 as theoretical tools in a DockingServer program. The Results showed that 4-(2-amino-ethyl)-ben- zenesulfonamide decreased perfusion pressure and coronary resistance compared to benzenesulfonamide, 2,5-dichloro- N-(4-nitro-phenyl)-benzene-sulfonamide, 2-hydrazinocar- bonyl-benze-nesulfonamide, 4-[3-(4-nitro-phenyl)-ureido]- benenesulfonamide and the control conditions. Besides, theoretical data suggest that 4-(2-aminoethyl)benzenesulfo- namide could interact with aminoacid residues such as Glu614 and Ala320 involved in 6jp5 protein surface. This phenomenon could result in an ligand-Calcium channel complex formation to produce a decrease in perfusion pressure and vascular resistance. It is noteworthy that biological and experimental models used in this study is an invaluable research tool for investigating questions across the spectrum of physiologic functions of cardiovascular system such as perfusion pressure and coronary resistance