Product configuration analysis with design structure matrix
Authors: Helo P.T. 
Published: September 2006

PurposeProduct configurator is a sales and production‐planning tool that helps to transform customer requirements into bills‐of‐materials, lists of features and cost estimations. The purpose of this paper is to introduce a method of how to analyse sales configuration models by using a design structure matrix (DSM) tool. By applying the DSM techniques, the sales configuration managers may sequence the product configuration questions and organize the connection to production.Design/methodology/approachFirst, the paper explains a sales configuration system structure from published academic and non‐academic works. These sources employ both theoretical and practical views on the topic of computer‐based sales expert systems. Second, the paper demonstrates an application of using DSM for configuration modelling.FindingsThe current sales configuration approaches include constraint‐based, rules‐based, and object‐oriented approaches. Product description methods vary, but the general problem remains the same: the configuration process should be designed in such a way that customer selections do not affect the previous selections. From the user point of view, answering the questions should be smooth and fast. In turn this will lead to the growing importance of building more effective product configuration models. DSM offers a systematic way to organise customer interface in sales configuration systems.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper analyses how DSM could help in planning product configuration modelling. Comparison of different sequences is presented. The examples used are hypothetical, but illustrate the suitability of DSM analysis. Companies are trying to establish easily configured product models, which are fast, flexible and cost‐effective for adjustments and modifications. Use of DSM may help in the roll‐out of sales configuration projects. DSM may also be used as a quick view to represent the complexity of product configurability. The future needs for configuration tools will be focused towards product model management from the technical limitations of different data storage approaches.Practical implicationsConfigurator software creates product variants, which are logical descriptions of physical products. Variants have parameters which describe the customer‐made selections. The parameter selections may have interconnections between the choices. Some selections may affect further selections and some combinations may not be allowed for incompatibility, cost or safety reasons. There are several commercial software packages available for creating product configurations. Product description methods vary, but the general problem remains the same: the configuration process should be designed in such a way that customer selections do not affect the previous selections. Answering the questions should be smooth and fast. Configuration of complex products, for instance, airplanes, may include several sub‐systems and have various loops within the quotation process. The use of DSM may help in the roll‐out of sales configuration projects. DSM may also be used as a quick view to represent the complexity of product configurability.Originality/valueThe paper helps both researchers and practitioners to obtain a clearer view on the development of sales configuration systems and the potential of systematic DSM‐based product model analysis.