bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fundamental Studies on the Biogeochemical Prospecting for Manganese
Authors: Yamagata Noboru , Yamagata Toshiko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The possibility of practical application of foliar analyses for geochemical prospecting for manganese were examined. A positive correlation of manganese level between soil and plants was revealed by the experiments using water and soil culture.
For the practical application, a tree, Chamaecyparis obtusa was chosen to avoid small local variations, and the sampling variations due to age and position were determined.
The Mn/Fe ratio was found to be a more sensitive indicator than the manganese content itself and its average value in the mineralized district was 18.4; on the other hand, it was only 3.5 in non-mineralized district.
Further Studies on the Degradation of Yeast Ribonucleic Acid by Lanthanum Hydroxide
Authors: Miyazaki Masazumi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The degradation of yeast ribonucleic acid by lanthanum hydroxide was rein-vestigated. The results may be summarized as follows:
1) Most of the RNA seems to be degraded through mononucleotides to nucleo-sides and inorganic phosphate.
2) 2′- and 3′-purine nucleotides were detected as intermediate products. 2′-Nucleotides were produced in less amounts than the corresponding 3′-nucleotides.
3) On the whole, pyrimidine nucleo-sides were liberated faster than purine nucleosides.
4) Liberation of uridine was characteristic. It was preferencially liberated at the beginning and its liberation predominated again at the last stage of reaction.
5) “Lanthanum hydroxide resistant fraction (LaRF)” was dialysable, not precipitated with uranium reagent and had Rf value close to that of guanylic acid.
The Static Electrode Potential Behavior of Tantalum and its Behavior on Anodic Polarisation
Authors: Khairy E M , Hussein M Kamal 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The electrode potential behavior of tantalum is investigated in buffer solutions initially free from the metal ions covering the pH range 1–12. A “W”-shaped EH/pH plot is obtained and the results reveal the existence of a natural passive pentoxide film overlayered with oxygen doublets. The electrode behaves within the pH range 3–7 as a metal-metal oxide electrode subject to an overvoltage of about one volt. From pH 7 to 12 the behavior is given by the system : Ta / TaO2+ yielding an equilibrium constant K=5.10−16.
Anodic polarization experiments by the repetitive oscillographic method have been also utilised in buffer solutions and in other different media. The oscillograms are mostly characterised by sharp potential jumps associating the charging of the double layer, showing the decided resistivity of the surface film. The capacity of the double layer scarcely exceeds 1 μF / cm2, except in hydrofluoric acid solutions where it attains a maximum value of 30 μF / cm2.
Electrochemical Study of Ethylene Glycol-Acetic Acid System
Authors: Venkatesan V K , Suryanarayana C V 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Equivalent conductivity, volume contraction, viscosity, dielectric constant and refractometric measurements of mixtures ethylene glycol and acetic acid at dif-ferentnt percentage compositions have been made. Probably a predominating dipole-dipole interaction occurs when ethylene glycol is added to anhydrous acetic acid up to about 60 mole per cent of the latter from where up to 30 mole per cent of acetic acid de-association seems to occur and from 30 mole per cent of acetic acid down-wards slight dissociation is evidenced. This system is dissimilar in behaviour to those of aqueous boric acid and some polyhydric alcohols.
Various Alky Amines and Ammonium Compounds as Accelerators for Grain Growth of Silver Chloride Suspensions in Aqueous Polyvinyl Alcohol Solution
Authors: Oh-yama Yasushi , Futaki Kiyoshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Various alkyl amines and ammonium compounds (non-cyclic and cyclic) were tested as accelerators for the grain growth of silver chloride suspension in aqueous polyvinyl alcohol solution.
The relation previously found between the molecular weight and the grain growth acceleration activity (A) of various organic N-derivatives did not exactly hold for these series of compounds.
Instead, when the concept of the equivalent chain length is introduced, the data were able to be represented by:
logA=−logCg=(nE−β)⁄3.50, where Cg is the critical concentration for grain growth (in millimol), nE the equivalent chain length and β 8 or 12.
This equation quite resembles the relation between chain length and critical micelle concentration of many surface active compounds. The fact leads to the author’s assumption that the mechanism of grain growth of silver chloride would be intrinsically identical with that of micelle formation and this was discussed in another paper.
The equivalent chain lengths of some of these active substances were able to be derived empirically from the number of carbon atoms in the molecule.
Chemical Studies on Wood Hemicelluloses. II. On the Hemicellulose of Ganpi Bast Fibres. I
Authors: Machida Seishi , Nishikori Sadanori 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The composition of the bast fibres of Ganpi plant (Wickstroemia sikokiana Franch. et Sav.) was investigated in the processes of the traditional paper-making of Japan. It was found that hemicelluloses of the bast fibres had significant bearings on the paper-making and the excellent character of Japanese paper.
The hemicellulose isolated from holocellulose of the Ganpi bast fibres by alkaline extraction were found to be composed of 13.6∼15.8% of d-glucuronic acid (which is partly present as 4-O-methyl-d-glucuronic acid), 58.1∼80.9% of d-xylose, and small amounts of d-mannose, d-galactose, l-arabinose, and l-rhamnose. It was shown that the degree of polymerisation of the hemicellulose calculated as a pentosan is about 160, and the molecule has basically a linear structure in which the uronic groups are present along the polymer chain at a ratio of one carboxyl group for each six or eight pentose sugar units.
Thermal Effects of Some Kaolin Minerals. I. Kaolinite and Kibuski-clay
Authors: Takahashi Hiroshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The structural change of kaolinite and Kibushi-clay with heat-treatment in the relatively low temperature region has been studied. It has been found that there are generally three processes, and that the structural change depends on the degree of crystallinity of the original samples.
Separation of Radioactive Cesium in Biological Materials
Authors: Yamagata Noboru , Yamagata Toshiko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A simple and rapid separation method for cesium-137 in biological materials has been presented. It is composed of three steps, phosphate elimination, ammonium phosphomolybdate precipitation and chloroplatinate precipitation. The over-all yield of cesium is over 85% and the decontamination from other fission activities is more than 105 for cerium-144 and strontium-89. The contribution of the activities of rubidium-87 and potassium-40 is negligibly small in the determination of cesium-137 in biological materials by beta counting.
Studies on the Denaturation of Lysozyme. III. Comparative Study of Lysozyme Denaturation on Surface and in Solutions
Authors: Hamaguchi Kozo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
In order to clarify the correlation between the denaturation of lysozyme on surface and that in solutions, the surface-, heat-, and urea-denaturation which were so far reported by the author were summarized.
The properties of lysozyme monolayers depend not only on the temperature of substrate but also on the state of lysozyme molecules in spreading solutions. The mechanism of the formation of the protein monolayer was clarified by the examination of the denaturation in solutions. Because of the very high content of disulfide bonds in lysozyme molecules, the role played by these bridges in the denaturation on surface and in solutions was also examined and its significance was made clear.
Hydrogen Bonding Effect on the Electronic Absorption Spectrum of p-Hydroxyazobenzene
Authors: Baba Hiroaki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The electronic absorption spectra of p-hydroxyazobenzene in iso-octane and also in the mixtures of iso-octane-ether and iso-octane-pyridine were measured. The spectral change observed when addition was made of a small amount of ether or pyridine to a solution of p-hydroxyazobenzene in pure iso-octane was satisfactorily interpreted as due to the formation of a hydrogen bond between the solute molecule and ether or pyridine. The equilibrium constants for the hydrogen bonds and the absorption curves of the hydrogen-bonded complexes were determined from the spectral data.
It is made clear that the effects of hydrogen bonding on the absorption bands are dependent upon the type of the electronic transitions from which the bands originate. The π→π* bands situated in the ultraviolet region are markedly displaced to the red, while the π→π* band in the visible region slightly to the blue. A theoretical explanation for the above phenomena is offered.
Studies on the Cobalt (III) Complexes Containing Only One Chelate Ring. I. Syntheses of [Co(NH3)4gly]X2 and [Co(NH3)4alan]X2
Authors: Shimura Yoichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The three new complexes, [CoIII(NH3)4 gly]SO4·H2O, [CoIII(NH3)4 alan] SO4 and [CoIII(NH3)2 gly2]Cl, have been synthesized by the reaction of [Co(NH3)4(OH2)Cl]SO4 with the amino-acid radicals in the presence of ammonia and decolorizing charcoal.
The visible and the ultraviolet absorption spectra of the glycinato-ammine and alaninato-ammine series of cobalt (III) complexes have been measured and discussed in relation to the geometrical structures of the complex ions.
Heats of Dilution of Polystyrene Solutions. II
Authors: Amaya Kazuo , Fujishiro Ryoichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The heats of dilution in the systems of polystyrene - benzene and polystyrene-cyclohexane were measured and the values of interaction parameters were derived. The heat of mixing of ethylbenzene, which may be regarded as the monomer unit of polystyrene, with the same solvents was also measured and it was found that the interaction of polymer solutions has the same sign as those of the corresponding monomer unit solutions.
Tricalcium Phosphate and its Variation
Authors: Ando Jumpei 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Properties of tricalcium phosphate and effects of many other ingredients upon the structure and solubility of the phosphate were investigated. By the reaction of calcium salts with phosphates in aqueous solution, tricalcium phosphate hydrate with a definite structure is not formed but hydroxy apatite with an excess of phosphoric acid is formed, which varies to β-tricalcium phosphate by heating between 700–800°C. Contrary to many other reports, it was found that β-tricalcium phosphate was fairly soluble in citric acid. The solubility is reduced remarkably by a small amount of admixtures, especially of magnesia. Magnesia stabilizes the β modification and prevents β→α inversion of the phosphate. The effect of alumina and ferric oxide is similar but not so intense as magnesia. On the contrary, barium oxide stabilizes the α modification. Sodium oxide affects variously according to the ratio of substitution for lime. Constitution and solubility of phosphate fertilizers were discussed in relation to these results.
Ultraviolet Absorption Spectra of Three Isomeric Pyridinemethanols and Their N-Oxides
Authors: Hata Norisuke 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The ultraviolet absorption spectra of three isomeric pyridinemethanols and their N-oxides were measured in various solvents, n–π* Absorption was observed as the shoulder absorption only in n-hexane solution of 3-pyridinemethanol, for which a qualitative discussion was made.
It was also found that the substituiton of a hydroxymethyl group in 4-position of pyridine or 2-position of pyridine N-oxide caused the blue shift. To explain this fact the presence of a weak intramolecular hydrogen bond in 2-pyridinemethanol N-oxide was assumed.
Polymerization of Olefins with Trialkylboron Catalysts. I. Polymerization of Vinylchloride and Acrylonitrile
Authors: Ashikari Nobuyuki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
It was found that trialkylboron is an excellent catalyst for the polymerization to some olefins which have comparatively large polarities. Vinylchloride and acrylonitrile were polymerized with this catalyst at a comparatively low temperature, and white polymers were usually obtained.
Vinylchloride was polymerized in bulksolution- and emulsion-system, and the rate of polymerization or the relation between the yield and the concentration of catalyst was investigated. Generally, the molecular weight of the polyvinylchloride was small (less than 50,000).
The polymerization of acrylonitrile was studied chiefly in a solution system. Usually, the molecular weight of polyacrylonitrile was fairly large.
Ultraviolet Absorption Spectra of Three Isomeric Pyridine Monocarboxylic Acids and Their N-Oxides
Authors: Hata Norisuke 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The ultraviolet absorption spectra of 2-, 3- and 4-pyridine monocarboxylic acid and their N-oxides were measured in various solvents. The absorption spectra of these compounds with the exception of picolinic acid show the blue shift with the change of the solvent from dioxane to ethanol and water.
The absorption band of picolinic acid occurs in the region of the shorter wavelength than that of isonicotinic acid; this fact may be caused by the formation of the intramolecular hydrogen bond, which prevents the resonance of this molecule. The absorption band of picolinic acid N-oxide occurs in the region of the shorter wevelength than that of nicotinic or isonicotinic acid N-oxide, for which the present author attributed the formation of the intramolecular hydrogen bond and the steric interaction in picolinic acid N-oxide. We also observed the n–π* absorption in picolinic acid N-oxide.
Partial Hydrogenation of 1,4-Butynediol. II. On the Role of Calcium Carbonate as a Carrier of the Palladium Catalyst
Authors: Fukuda Tosao 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1. The role of calcium carbonate as carrier of the palladium catalyst was studied in the hydrogenation of 1,4-butynediol.
2. The hydrogenation velocity on Pd-CaCO3 catalyst was not the highest among various palladium catalysts. And the partial hydrogenation of 1,4-butynediol might also be achieved by using the Pd-BaCO3 catalyst poisoned by both lead acetate and quinoline. On the poisoned Pd-CaCO3catalyst, however, the 1,4-butynediol polymerization, a side reaction of the hydrogenation, was suppressed largely.
3. Consequently, it seems that the role of calcium carbonate as a carrier is to decrease the polymerization as a side reaction of the hydrogenation, but not to increase the activity for the hydrogenation, nor to give the selectivity for the hydrogenation.
A New Viscosity Relationship in a Wide Concentration Range of Aqueous Solutions of Potassium Chloride
Authors: Suryanarayana C V , Venkatesan V K 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A systematic investigation of viscosity from 1.00 m. to saturation of aqueous solutions of potassium chloride at temperatures of 30, 35, 40, 45, 50 and 55°C has been made. New concepts of concentration and viscosity have been defined. At a given molal concentration the ratio of the mole-fraction at that concentration to that at saturation at the same temperature has been called concentration potential Cp. The newly denned viscosity term ηp is the ratio of the viscosity at a given concentration to that at saturation at the same temperature. Using these two quantities the variation of viscosity with concentration could be expressed for potassium chloride solutions by a simple exponential equation:
η_p=A e^BC_p
where A and B are constants.
Electronic Structure and Spectra of s-Tetrazine
Authors: Mataga Noboru 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
(1) π-Electronic structure and the nature of the electronic transitions in the s-tetrazine molecule has been elucidated using the semiempirical LCAO SCF MO method.
(2) There is satisfactory agreement between the calculated and the observed values of the excitation energy for the transition to the lowest excited state.
(3) Tsubomura’s qualitive argument concerning the influence of configuration interaction on the lowest energy transition of nitrogen heterocycles has been confirmed by the quantitative calculation.
(4) The cause of the intensification of 1Lb band compared with the parent hydrocarbon has been analysed by the same method employed previously, and it has been confirmed that, also in the case of s-tetrazine the perturbation on MO by hetero-replacement has only a small influence on the oscillator strength.
(5) The spectral simirarity of nitrogen heterocycles with the parent hydrocarbon has been ascribed to the fact that their MO’s correspond closely each other, and it has been pointed out that the configuration interaction plays a very important role in the determination of spectra, which is also a cause for the spectral similarity.
Electronic Spectra of Quinoline and Isoquinoline and the Mechanism of Fluorescence Quenching in These Molecules
Authors: Mataga Noboru 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1. A pertubation theory based on the Hartree-Fock SCF theory including a limited number of configuration interactions was applied to quinoline and isoquinoline.
2. The theory satisfactorily interprets the excitation energies and oscillator strengths of 1Lb bands of these nitrogen heterocycles.
3. The previous assumption concerning the effect of π-electronic state on the fluorescence quenching in nitrogen heterocycles due to the near-by existence of a halogen atom, was confirmed for the case of quinoline, on the basis of the theoretical calculation.
Analysis of the Hardening Reaction of Furfurylalcohol Resin
Authors: Yamada Shigehiko , Hayashi Shigeo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Decreasing tendency of resistance in the system consisting of furfurylalcohol resin, graphite filler and accelerator was observed and analysed, and this observation gave an activation energy of the final cure, together with that of the apparent cure calculated from the saturation time of adhesion power. Besides, activation of sulfonylchloride accelerator was investigated taking account of the adhesion power increase and resistance decrease.
These considerations may be full of suggestions for the practical use of such a cement system.
Formation and Aging of Precipitates. VII. Habit of Crystals in Vanadium Pentoxide Sols by Electron Microdiffraction Method
Authors: Takiyama Kazuyoshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The crystals in Biltz-, Müller-, and ion-exchange sols were all identified with vanadium pentoxide by the electron diffraction method.
The crystals in aged Biltz sol were fiber-like. The specimen prepared ordinarily gave rise to the Debye-Scherrer pattern and that of the tactoid corresponded to the fiber pattern. The fiber axis of the fibrous crystal was decided to be the b-axis.
Molecular Rotations of Glucides in Relation to their Structures. VI. Optical Superposition in Methyl Pentoses. Presumption of Two Unknown [M]D20(W)
Authors: Yamana Shukichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
It was concluded by PM-method that the principle of optical superposition of Kirkwood’s idea exists in methyl pentoses, and two [M]D20(W), formerly unknown, were presumed.
Ion Exchange in Concentrated Solutions. II. Beryllium Chloride-Hydrochloric Acid System
Authors: Ohtaki Hitoshi , Yamasaki Kazuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The ion exchange equilibrium was studied in the concentrated solutions of beryllium chloride and hydrochloric acid.The amount of water in the resin was calculated from the difference of hydrogen ion concentration before and after the ion exchange equilibrium. A cationic complex containing beryllium was found to be formed in the solution. The expenses of the present study were defrayed by Grant-in-Aid for Fundamental Scientific Resiarch from the Ministry of Education.
The Separation of Sulfate, Sulfite, Thiosulfate and Sulfide Ions with Anion-Exchange Resins
Authors: Iguchi Akira 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1. The distribution coefficients of sulfate, thiosulfate, sulfite and sulfide in the nitrate solution were measured.
2. By the addition of ethanol or acetone to the neutral eluant solution, the adsorb-ability of sulfate, sulfite, thiosulfate and sulfide was increased, while that of sulfite in alkaline acetone solution showed a marked decrease.
3. By the use of these results a mutual separation of sulfate, thiosulfate, sulfite and sulfide was effected by the anion-exchange chromatography.
Studies on Organic Peroxides. IV. Polymerization of Vinyl Acetate in Benzoyl Peroxide-Fe (II)-Benzoin Redox System
Authors: Hasegawa Shigeo , Hirai Nishio , Nishimura Norio , Kawano Tsugio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Polymerization of vinyl acetate in the benzoyl peroxide-iron-(II)-benzoin redox-system was studied in ethanol. From the extent of decrease in volume, the rate of conversion was calculated. It was found that the square of the initial rate of conversion was proportional to the initial concentration of ferrous ion and that the extent of conversion at the time when the polymerization was finished, decreased with increasing amount of ferrous ion which was added.
The initial rate of conversion in this redox system was found to depend also on the mole ratio of the monomer to ethanol. The reason might be ascribed to the change in the rate constant.
Effect of Substitution on Dipole Moments of Molecules
Authors: Yoneda Hayami 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
As a result of the examination of dipole moments of hydrides of various elements and their alkyl derivatives the following regularity was found. Hydrides of elements below the third period in the periodic table show the normal variation of dipole moments with successive alkyl substitution. That is, the dipole moment increases with successive alkyl substitution, which is expected from the consideration of the inductive effect of substituents. On the other hand, hydrides of elements in the second period in the periodic table show the abnormal variation of dipole moments with successive alkyl substitution, which apparently seems to contradict the existence of the inductive effect. That is, the dipole moment decreases with successive alkyl substitution. This fact was connected with the concept of s-p hybridization of non-bonding electrons, and the following rule was drawn. The more –I active a substituent is, the more the degree of s-p hybridization of non-bonding electrons decreases, and hence the more the contribution of the atom dipole moment to the whole dipole moment decreases. Some applications of this rule to the chemistry of coordination compounds were also presented.
The Infrared Spectra of Methoxy-, Methylmethoxy- and Methoxy Endblocked Dimethyl-polysiloxanes
Authors: Tanaka Toshio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1) The infrared spectra of the lower members of methoxy-, methylmethoxy and methoxy endblocked dimethyl-polysiloxanes have been discussed by comparing them with that of dimethylether, dimethylpolysiloxanes, and so on.
2) The characteristic absorption band of Si—OCH3 group has appeared near 1190 cm−1.
3) Except in the case of the first members of these alkoxysiloxanes, a spectral sequence corresponding to the structural unit sequence of SiO4, SiO3C and SiO2C2 has been observed in the region of 1000∼1100 cm−1.
Synthesis of α-Substituted Glutarimides via Michael Condensation
Authors: Kametani Tetsuji , Taub William , Ginsburg David 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A method for the synthesis of α-monosubstituted and α, α-disubstituted glutarimides by Michael addition of active methylene and methine compounds to acrylonitrile or acrylamide, is described.
Synthesis of Histidyl Peptides
Authors: Sakiyama Fumio , Okawa Kenji , Yamakawa Tsuneo , Akabori Shiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
N-α,N-Im-Dicarbobenzyloxyhistidine was prepared in good yield using sodium carbonate, and some histidyl peptide derivatives were synthesized by Sheehan’s method using the compound as a starting material.
Grateful acknowledgement is due to Ajinomoto Company for supplying materials of amino acids.