bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diet and upper‐aerodigestive tract cancer in Europe: The ARCAGE study
Authors: Lagiou Pagona , Talamini Renato , Samoli Evangelia , Lagiou Areti , Ahrens Wolfgang , Pohlabeln Hermann , Benhamou Simone , Bouchardy Christine , Slamova Alena , Schejbalova Miriam , Merletti Franco , Richiardi Lorenzo , Kjaerheim Kristina , Agudo Antonio , Castellsague Xavier , Macfarlane Tatiana V. , Macfarlane Gary J. , Biggs Anne‐Marie , Barzan Luigi , Canova Cristina , Simonato Lorenzo , Lowry Raymond J. , Conway David I. , McKinney Patricia A. , Znaor Ariana , McCartan Bernard E. , Healy Claire M. , Marron Manuela , Hashibe Mia , Brennan Paul 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThere is suggestive, but inconclusive, evidence that dietary factors may affect risk of cancers of the upper aerodigestive tract (UADT). In the context of the alcohol‐related cancers and genetic susceptibility in Europe study, we have examined the association of dietary factors with UADT cancer risk. We have analyzed data from 2,304 patients with UADT cancer and 2,227 control subjects recruited in 14 centers in 10 European countries. Dietary data were collected through a semi‐quantitative food frequency questionnaire that also assessed preferred temperature of hot beverages. Statistical analyses were conducted through multiple logistic regression controlling for potential confounding variables, including alcohol intake and smoking habits. Consumption of red meat (OR per increasing tertile = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.05–1.25), but not poultry, was significantly associated with increased UADT cancer risk and the association was somewhat stronger for esophageal cancer. Consumption of fruits (OR per increasing tertile = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.62–0.75) and vegetables (OR per increasing tertile = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.66–0.81) as well as of olive oil (OR for above versus below median = 0.78, 95% CI 0.67–0.90) and tea (OR for above versus below median = 0.83, 95% CI 0.69–0.98) were significantly associated with reduced risk of UADT cancer. There was no indication that an increase in tea or coffee temperature was associated with increased risk of UADT overall or cancer of the esophagus; in fact, the association was, if anything, inverse. In conclusion, the results of this large multicentric study indicate that diet plays an important role in the etiology of UADT cancer. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Preoperative chemoradiation versus radiation alone for stage II and III resectable rectal cancer: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Ceelen Wim , Fierens Kjell , Van Nieuwenhove Yves , Pattyn Piet 
Published: December 2008

AbstractCombining chemotherapy with preoperative radiotherapy (RT) has a sound radiobiological rationale. We performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis of trials comparing preoperative RT with preoperative chemoradiation (CRT) in rectal cancer patients. The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, Embase and Medline (Pubmed) were searched from 1975 until June 2007. Dichotomous parameters were summarized using the odds ratio while time to event data were analyzed using the pooled hazard ratio for death. From the primary search result of 324 trials, 4 relevant randomized trials were identified. The addition of chemotherapy significantly increased grade III and IV acute toxicity (p = 0.002) while no differences were observed in postoperative morbidity or mortality. Preoperative CRT significantly increased the rate of pathological complete response (p < 0.001) although this did not translate into a higher sphincter preservation rate (p = 0.29). The local recurrence rate was significantly lower in the CRT group (p < 0.001). No statistically significant differences were observed in disease free survival (p = 0.89) or overall survival (p = 0.79). Compared to preoperative RT alone, preoperative CRT improves local control in rectal cancer but is associated with a more pronounced treatment related toxicity. The addition of chemotherapy does not benefit sphincter preservation rate or long‐term survival. Future trials should address improvements in the rate of distant metastasis and overall survival by incorporating more active chemotherapy. © 2008 UICC
Reproductive factors, exogenous hormone use and risk of lymphoid neoplasms among women in the National Institutes of Health‐AARP Diet and Health Study Cohort
Authors: Morton Lindsay M. , Wang Sophia S. , Richesson Douglas A. , Schatzkin Arthur , Hollenbeck Albert R. , Lacey James V. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractReasons for higher incidence of lymphoid neoplasms among men than women are unknown. Because female sex hormones have immunomodulatory effects, reproductive factors and exogenous hormone use may affect risk for lymphoid malignancies. Previous epidemiologic studies on this topic have yielded conflicting results. Within the National Institutes of Health‐AARP Diet and Health Study cohort, we prospectively analyzed detailed, questionnaire‐derived information on menstrual and reproductive factors and use of oral contraceptives and menopausal hormone therapy among 134,074 US women. Using multivariable proportional hazards regression models, we estimated relative risks (RRs) for 85 plasma cell neoplasms and 417 non‐Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs) identified during follow‐up from 1996 to 2002. We observed no statistically significant associations between plasma cell neoplasms, NHL, or the 3 most common NHL subtypes and age at menarche, parity, age at first birth, oral contraceptive use or menopausal status at baseline. For menopausal hormone therapy use, overall associations between NHL and unopposed estrogen and estrogen plus progestin were null, with the potential exception of an inverse association (RR = 0.49, 95% CI, 0.25–0.96) between use of unopposed estrogen and diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL), the most common NHL subtype, among women with a hysterectomy. These data do not support an important role for reproductive factors or exogenous hormones in modulating lymphomagenesis. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Epidermal growth factor receptor gene mutations in papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Masago Katsuhiro , Asato Ryo , Fujita Shiro , Hirano Shigeru , Tamura Yoshihiro , Kanda Tomoko , Mio Tadashi , Katakami Nobuyuki , Mishima Michiaki , Ito Juichi 
Published: December 2008

AbstractRecent studies have indicated that somatic mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene have been identified in a subset of patients with nonsmall‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and are associated with sensitivity to the EGFR‐tyrosine‐kinase inhibitors. These mutations have been reported to be almost exclusively found in a pulmonary adenocarcinoma subgroup of NSCLC, with a low frequency in other solid tumors. We describe a patient with advanced‐stage papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) whose disease had been diagnosed as pulmonary adenocarcinoma at first, and who had a marked response to the EGFR‐tyrosine‐kinase inhibitor, gefitinib. An in‐frame deletion in exon 19 that eliminated 4 amino acids at positions 746 through 750, which is one of the common drug‐sensitive mutations in pulmonary adenocarcinoma, and a serine‐to‐proline substitution at codon 752, were found in a tumor specimen of the patient. We subsequently searched for mutations in the EGFR tyrosine kinase domain in primary tumors from 23 patients with PTC, and drug‐sensitive mutations commonly observed in pulmonary adenocarcinoma were found in 7 of these patients. Our observation of a high frequency of the EGFR‐activating mutations in PTC suggests that the EGFR mutation may be an important event in the development of PTC. EGFR gene amplification, also considered to be a predictor of response to EGFR‐tyrosine‐kinase inhibitors, was evaluated by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH); however, only 1 FISH‐positive tumor was detected. Our data suggest that EGFR‐tyrosine‐kinase inhibitors may deserve consideration in the treatment of a subset of patients with PTC, just as with pulmonary adenocarcinoma. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Injectable cell‐free template for bone‐tissue formation
Authors: Bergman Kristoffer , Engstrand Thomas , Hilborn Jöns , Ossipov Dmitri , Piskounova Sonya , Bowden Tim 
Published: December 2008

AbstractHere we present a novel injectable hydrogel which forms a template for de novo formation of bone tissue. Hydrogel formation takes place in situ in less than 1 min by the cross‐linking of multifunctional hyaluronic acid and polyvinyl alcohol derivatives. Endogenous cells are recruited in vivo by incorporating bone morphogenetic protein‐2 (BMP‐2), a powerful promoter for osteogenic differentiation. The hydrogel was evaluated in vitro by performing a cell viability test and a release study and in vivo by a rat ectopic model. Examination by X‐ray, microcomputed tomography, and histology revealed a significant bone formation at the target site for gels containing BMP‐2, and a complete degradation was observed for gels without BMP‐2 four weeks after injection. There were no signs of inflammation or foreign body response in either group and we believe that this system has the potential as an off‐the‐shelf injectable to be used where bone tissue is needed. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2009
Biological evaluation of a novel chitosan‐PVA‐based local delivery system for treatment of periodontitis
Authors: Wang Ling Chong , Wu Hao , Chen Xi Guang , De Li Li , Ji Qiu Xia , Liu Cheng Sheng , Yu Le Jun , Ran Chao , Zhao Qing Sheng 
Published: December 2008

AbstractIn the study, we intend to design a suitable localized drug delivery system (LDDS) with chitosan and poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) for treating serve periodontitis. For that, a novel formulation based on the incorporation of chitosan‐based microspheres into PVA film was prepared. As the core parts of the novel formulation, chitosan‐based microspheres were prepared form chitosan and/or carboxymethyl‐chitosan (CM‐chitosan) by using water‐in‐oil emulsification method. Then basic in vitro and in vivo experiments focusing on biocompatibility and biodegradability of the two chitosan‐based microspheres were carried out to evaluate the feasibility of the novel LDDS. In vitro tests, besides having no hemolysis, chitosan microsphere (Cs1‐Ms), and CM‐chitosan microsphere (Cs2‐Ms) have adsorbed little proteins on their surfaces. Moreover, plasma proteins adsorbed on Cs2‐Ms, most of which can easily desorbed, are much less than that adsorbed on Cs1‐Ms. This indicates that Cs2‐Ms perhaps has better biocompatibility than Cs1‐Ms. In vivo tests, Cs1‐Ms and Cs2‐Ms were subcutaneously implanted in rat to investigate the host tissue inflammatory response. Implantations of Cs1‐Ms and Cs2‐Ms induced a little more severe inflammation when compared with the implantation of PVA film. However, the difference on in vivo biocompatibility between Cs1‐Ms and Cs2‐Ms could not be confirmed by the implantation model of our experiments. Both Cs1‐Ms and Cs2‐Ms had suffered bioerosion when they were subcutaneously implanted. The hard and compact matrixes of Cs1‐Ms were degraded very slowly, and only some trifling degradation had been found until 4 weeks of implantation. In contrast, Cs2‐Ms is soft and more hydrophilic, and can be quickly degraded in a form of diffluence by the physiological circumstance. All these results suggested that Cs2‐Ms had better potentials used as core parts of the novel designed LDDS in the future developments. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2009
Synthesis and characterization of recombinant factor VIIa‐conjugated magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for hemophilia treatment
Authors: Shafir Gilead , Galperin Anna , Margel Shlomo 
Published: December 2008

AbstractMaghemite (γ‐Fe2O3) nanoparticles of 15.0 ± 2.1 nm in diameter were prepared by nucleation, followed by controlled growth of magnetic iron oxide thin films onto gelatin nuclei. Functionalization of these magnetic nanoparticles with activated double bonds was accomplished by interacting divinyl sulfone with the gelatin coating of the γ‐Fe2O3 nanoparticles. The activated double bonds were then used for covalent binding, via Michael addition reaction, of recombinant factor VIIa and human serum albumin to the surface of these nanoparticles. Recombinant factor VIIa was also physically bound to the magnetic nanoparticles by interacting this factor with the human serum albumin conjugated γ‐Fe2O3 nanoparticles. The influence of factor VIIa concentration on the immobilization yield has been elucidated. Leakage of the bound factor VIIa into PBS containing 4% albumin was insignificant. The coagulant activity of the physically adsorbed recombinant factor VIIa was similar to that of the free one and was significantly better than that of the covalently bound. The blood half‐life of free factor VIIa is short, about 2–3 h, because of digestion by proteolytic enzymes and inhibitory effects. Stabilization of factor VIIa against trypsin (a model proteolytic enzyme) and chloromethyl ketone‐type inhibitor was accomplished by conjugation of the factor to the γ‐Fe2O3 nanoparticles. This stabilization may extend the blood half‐life of factor VIIa. Therefore, IV injection of factor VIIa conjugated γ‐Fe2O3 nanoparticles instead of free factor may avoid the frequent dosing and reduce the cost of hemophilia treatment. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2009
In vitro biocompatibility of hydroxyapatite‐reinforced polymeric composites manufactured by selective laser sintering
Authors: Zhang Y. , Hao L. , Savalani M. M. , Harris R. A. , Di Silvio L. , Tanner K. E. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThe selective laser sintering (SLS) technique was used to manufacture hydroxyapatite‐reinforced polyethylene and polyamide composites as potential customized maxillofacial implants. In vitro tests were carried out to assess cellular responses, in terms of cell attachment, morphology, proliferation, differentiation, and mineralized nodule formation, using primary human osteoblast cells. This study showed that the SLS composite processed was biocompatible, with no adverse effects observed on cell viability and metabolic activity, supporting a normal metabolism and growth pattern for osteoblasts. Positive von Kossa staining demonstrated the presence of bone‐like mineral on the SLS materials. Higher hydroxyapatite content composites enhanced cell proliferation, increased alkaline phosphatase activity, and produced more osteocalcin. The present findings showed that SLS materials have good in vitro biocompatibility and hence demonstrated biologically the potential of SLS for medical applications. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2009
In vitro and in vivo degradation of poly(1,3‐diamino‐2‐hydroxypropane‐co‐polyol sebacate) elastomers
Authors: Bettinger Christopher J. , Bruggeman Joost P. , Borenstein Jeffrey T. , Langer Robert 
Published: December 2008

AbstractBiomaterials with a wide range of tunable properties are desirable for application‐specific purposes. We have previously developed a class of elastomeric poly(ester amides) based on the amine alcohol 1,3‐diamino‐2‐hydroxypropane termed poly(1,3‐diamino‐2‐hydroxypropane‐co‐polyol sebacate) or APS. In this work, we have synthesized and characterized formulations of APS polymers and studied the degradation of these polymers in vitro and in vivo. It was found that the chemical, physical, and mechanical properties of APS polymers could be tuned by adjusting monomer feed ratios and polymerization conditions. The degradation kinetics could also be greatly influenced by altering the formulation of APS polymers. In vivo degradation half‐lives ranged from 6 to ∼100 weeks. Furthermore, the dominant degradation mechanism (i.e. hydrolytic or enzymatic) could be controlled by adjusting the specific formulation of the APS polymer. On the basis of the observed in vitro and in vivo biodegradation phenomena, we also propose that the primary modes of degradation are composition dependent. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2009
Nanomechanical properties of calcification, fibrous tissue, and hematoma from atherosclerotic plaques
Authors: Ebenstein Donna M. , Coughlin Dezba , Chapman Joan , Li Cheng , Pruitt Lisa A. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractClinical events such as heart attack and stroke can be caused by the rupture of atherosclerotic plaques in artery walls. Computational modeling is often used to better understand atherosclerotic disease progression to identify “vulnerable” plaques (i.e., those likely to rupture) and to tailor treatments according to tissue composition. However, because of the heterogeneity of plaque tissue, there are limited data available on the material properties of individual plaque constituents. The goal of this study was to use nanoindentation to measure the mechanical properties of blood clots, fibrous tissue, partially calcified fibrous tissue, and bulk calcifications from human atherosclerotic plaque tissue. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to quantify the amount of mineral and lipid in each tissue region tested. The results demonstrate that the stiffness of plaque tissue increases with increasing mineral content. In addition, by providing the first experimental data on atherosclerotic calcifications, these data show that some of the estimated modulus values commonly used in computational models greatly underestimate the stiffness of the fully calcified tissue. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2009
Degradation behavior of poly(glycerol sebacate)
Authors: Pomerantseva Irina , Krebs Nicholas , Hart Alison , Neville Craig M. , Huang Albert Y. , Sundback Cathryn A. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractPoly(glycerol sebacate) (PGS), a promising scaffold material for soft tissue engineering applications, is a soft, tough elastomer with excellent biocompatibility. However, the rapid in vivo degradation rate of PGS limits its use as a scaffold material. To determine the impact of crosslink density on degradation rate, a family of PGS materials was synthesized by incrementally increasing the curing time from 42 to 144 h, at 120°C and 10 mTorr vacuum. As expected, PGS became a stiffer, tougher, and stronger elastomer with increasing curing time. PGS disks were subcutaneously implanted into rats and periodically harvested; only mild tissue responses were observed and the biocompatibility remained excellent. Regardless of crosslink density, surface erosion degradation was observed. The sample dimensions linearly decreased with implantation time, and the mass loss rates were constant after 1‐week implantation. As surface erosion degradation frequently correlates with enzymatic digestion, parallel in vitro digestion studies were conducted in lipase solutions which hydrolyze ester bonds. Enzymatic digestion played a significant role in degrading PGS, and the mass loss rates were not a function of curing time. Alternative chemistry approaches will be required to decrease the enzymatic hydrolysis rate of the ester bonds in PGS polymers. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2009
Polar surface chemistry of nanofibrous polyurethane scaffold affects annulus fibrosus cell attachment and early matrix accumulation
Authors: Yang Liu , Kandel Rita A. , Chang Godfrey , Santerre J. Paul 
Published: December 2008

AbstractRegeneration of the annulus fibrosus (AF), one of the three components of the intervertebral disc (IVD), is challenging because of the tissue complexity and our limited knowledge about AF cell biology. The purpose of this study was to determine if modulating surface chemistry of polycarbonate polyurethane (PU) scaffolds would influence annulus fibrosus cell adhesion and early tissue formation. To vary surface energy, a novel anionic dihydroxyl oligomer (ADO) was synthesized and incorporated into the PU base polymer at three different concentrations [0.05, 0.5, and 5% (wt %)]. The polymeric materials were fabricated into nanoscale fibrous scaffolds using electrospinning. PU nanofibrous scaffolds in the absence or presence of different amounts of ADO were similar in appearance. Surface energy was significantly enhanced with increasing ADO content, as indicated by the decreasing water contact angle measurements. Increasing the material surface's polar character for the scaffolds resulted in a positive enhancement of AF cell attachment. The mechanism of this effect was complex as at higher ADO concentrations, increased cell adhesion was mediated by both serum and newly synthesized proteins, whereas at low ADO concentrations the latter had minimal effect. Collagen but not proteoglycan accumulation was also modulated by increasing ADO content. This study demonstrated that nanoscale fibrous PU scaffolds containing ADO may be appropriate candidates in the formation of tissue engineered annulus fibrosus tissue, and that material surface polar character can be used to influence AF cell attachment and collagen accumulation. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2009
In vivo study effect of particulate Bioglass® in the prevention of infection in open fracture fixation
Authors: Xie Zong‐Ping , Zhang Chang‐Qing , Yi Cheng‐Qing , Qiu Jian‐Jun , Wang Jian‐Qiang , Zhou Juan 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThere are many in vitro experiments showing that particulate bioactive glasses have a broad and certain antibacterial effect, but there is no report about this antibacterial effect in vivo so far. The aim of this study is to examine the efficacy of particulate Bioglass® in reducing the rate of infection with Staphylococcus aureus after the fixation of open tibial fractures in rabbits. The test in vivo was carried out with male rabbits split into two groups infected with Staphylococcus aureus at the right tibial fracture sites fixed with plate and screw, either with or without bioactive glass respectively. Culture results show that six of ten rabbits from the control group had a positive culture for the strain of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923, compared with six of the nine rabbits from the Bioglass® group. The median radiographic score is 4.5 points for the rabbits from the control group and 4 points for the rabbits from the Bioglass® group. The median histopathological score was 2.5 points for the rabbits in the control group and 3 points for the rabbits in the Bioglass® group. In conclusion, this study showed no significant difference between the rates of infection of two groups. Particulate Bioglass® did not reduce the rate of infection with Staphylococcus aureus after the fixation of open tibial fractures in rabbits. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2009