bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genomic profiling of 766 cancer‐related genes in archived esophageal normal and carcinoma tissues
Authors: Chen Jing , Guo Liping , Peiffer Daniel A. , Zhou Lixin , Chan Owen Tsan Mo , Bibikova Marina , Wickham‐Garcia Eliza , Lu Shih‐Hsin , Zhan Qimin , Wang‐Rodriguez Jessica , Jiang Wei , Fan Jian‐Bing 
Published: February 2008

AbstractWe employed the BeadArray™ technology to perform a genetic analysis in 33 formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) human esophageal carcinomas, mostly squamous‐cell‐carcinoma (ESCC), and their adjacent normal tissues. A total of 1,432 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) derived from 766 cancer‐related genes were genotyped with partially degraded genomic DNAs isolated from these samples. This directly targeted genomic profiling identified not only previously reported somatic gene amplifications (e.g., CCND1) and deletions (e.g., CDKN2A and CDKN2B) but also novel genomic aberrations. Among these novel targets, the most frequently deleted genomic regions were chromosome 3p (including tumor suppressor genes FANCD2 and CTNNB1) and chromosome 5 (including tumor suppressor gene APC). The most frequently amplified genomic region was chromosome 3q (containing DVL3, MLF1, ABCC5, BCL6, AGTR1 and known oncogenes TNK2, TNFSF10, FGF12). The chromosome 3p deletion and 3q amplification occurred coincidently in nearly all of the affected cases, suggesting a molecular mechanism for the generation of somatic chromosomal aberrations. We also detected significant differences in germline allele frequency between the esophageal cohort of our study and normal control samples from the International HapMap Project for 10 genes (CSF1, KIAA1804, IL2, PMS2, IRF7, FLT3, NTRK2, MAP3K9, ERBB2 and PRKAR1A), suggesting that they might play roles in esophageal cancer susceptibility and/or development. Taken together, our results demonstrated the utility of the BeadArray technology for high‐throughput genetic analysis in FFPE tumor tissues and provided a detailed genetic profiling of cancer‐related genes in human esophageal cancer. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Gastric cancer cells exploit CD4+ cell‐derived CCL5 for their growth and prevention of CD8+ cell‐involved tumor elimination
Authors: Sugasawa Hidekazu , Ichikura Takashi , Kinoshita Manabu , Ono Satoshi , Majima Takashi , Tsujimoto Hironori , Chochi Kentaro , Hiroi Sadayuki , Takayama Eiji , Saitoh Daizoh , Seki Shuhji , Mochizuki Hidetaka 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThe level of serum CCL5, a C‐C chemokine, is reportedly correlated with tumor progression in several cancers. We herein investigated the mechanisms by which CCL5 might contribute to tumor progression in gastric cancer. Serum CCL5 levels significantly correlated with tumor progression and prognosis in patients with gastric cancer. Immunohistochemistry showed that tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes expressed CCL5, while the tumor cells expressed the CCL5 receptors. Fluorescent double staining showed that tumor‐infiltrating CD4+ cells rather than CD8+ cells preferentially expressed CCL5. Using gastric cancer cell lines (MKN45, KATO III), we examined CCL5 production by coculturing whole peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), CD4+ cells, or CD8+ cells, with tumor cells. CD4+ cells cocultured with tumor cells remarkably enhanced CCL5 production in a direct cell–cell contact manner over other cocultured PBMCs, including CD8+ cells. Gastric cancer cell lines expressed CCL5 receptors and augmented their proliferation in response to CCL5 stimulation. Furthermore, we examined the effect of CCL5‐treated cancer cells on the cocultured PBMCs, focusing on the CD4+/CD8+ proportion and apoptosis. Coculture of CCL5‐treated gastric cancer cells with PBMCs resulted in a significant decrease in the proportion of CD8+ cells but not CD4+ cells, suggesting Fas‐FasL‐mediated apoptosis in CD8+ cells. In immunodeficient mice coinjected with KATO III and PBMCs, neutralization of CCL5 significantly suppressed tumor progression, resulting in a favorable outcome. In conclusion, gastric cancer cells might thus induce CD4+ T cells to secrete CCL5 and exploit it for their progression, as well as to aid in the prevention of CD8+ T cell‐involved tumor elimination. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Species Composition and Distribution of Invasive Ponto‐Caspian Amphipods in the Off‐Channel Microhabitats of a Temperate, Lowland Dam Reservoir
Authors: Žytkowicz Jarosław , Kobak Jarosław , Kakareko Tomasz , Kentzer Andrzej 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThe Włocławek Dam Reservoir located on the lower Vistula River (central Poland) is part of the central corridor used by Ponto‐Caspian species to migrate in Europe. It provides a number of habitats suitable for sustaining populations of several non‐indigenous taxa. Four Ponto‐Caspian amphipod species were recorded in the reservoir: Chaetogammarus ischnus, Chelicorophium curvispinum, Dikerogammarus haemobaphes and Pontogammarus robustoides. We found significant differences in amphipod densities and species composition among various microhabitats in off‐channel areas. P. robustoides was the only amphipod species that occurred on very shallow (<1 m) sandy bottom near the shore. It inhabited also other sites but its share in the total number of amphipods and abundance decreased with the distance from the shore. Furthermore, at sites more distant from shore its affinity for plant substratum was higher. D. haemobaphes, C. ischnus and C. curvispinum clearly preferred sites distant from shore, overgrown by macrophytes or covered by mussel shells. Furthermore, the abundance of C. ischnus was negatively correlated with the presence of P. robustoides. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
In vitro gene expression analysis of hepatotoxic drugs in rat primary hepatocytes
Authors: Suzuki Hiromi , Inoue Tomoaki , Matsushita Tomochika , Kobayashi Kazuko , Horii Ikuo , Hirabayashi Yoko , Inoue Tohru 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThe study examined the feasibility of screening for hepatotoxicity by an in vitro gene expression analysis using rat primary hepatocytes and Affymetrix Rat Toxicology U34 arrays. Hepatocytes were exposed for 6 or 24 h to eight drugs, with different mechanisms of hepatotoxicity, at one third of the cytotoxic concentration TC50, i.e. acetaminophen, cyclophosphamide, clofibrate, chlorpromazine, lithocholic acid, cisplatin, diclofenac and disulfiram. The types of transcriptional changes observed in this study were generally consistent with previously reported in vivo data, although there were some differences. In hierarchical cluster analysis, drugs formed clusters depending on their mode of toxicity against cells. The number of transcripts affected by the cholestatic hepatotoxicants (lithocholic acid and chlorpromazine) or the drugs that rarely cause of hepatotoxicity (cisplatin, diclofenac and disulfiram) were limited compared with the other drugs (acetaminophen, clobifibrate and cyclophosphamide), where they did not induce transcriptional changes apparently related to toxicity. It is concluded that in vitro gene expression analysis of hepatocytes using microarray is a useful tool for evaluating the toxicological profile of drugs and in screening for the direct toxicity of drugs against hepatocytes. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Enhanced visualization of histological samples with an adjustable RGB contrast system with application for tissue used in photodynamic therapy
Authors: Barrionuevo Wilma Regina , Filho Edson Cesar Marques , Bagnato Vanderlei Salvador 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThe analysis of histological sections has long been a valuable tool in the pathological studies. The interpretation of tissue conditions, however, relies directly on visual evaluation of tissue slides, which may be difficult to interpret because of poor contrast or poor color differentiation. The Chromatic Contrast Visualization System (CCV) combines an optical microscope with electronically controlled light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) in order to generate adjustable intensities of RGB channels for sample illumination. While most image enhancement techniques rely on software post‐processing of an image acquired under standard illumination conditions, CCV produces real‐time variations in the color composition of the light source itself. The possibility of covering the entire RGB chromatic range, combined with the optical properties of the different tissues, allows for a substantial enhancement in image details. Traditional image acquisition methods do not exploit these visual enhancements which results in poorer visual distinction among tissue structures. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) procedures are of increasing interest in the treatment of several forms of cancer. This study uses histological slides of rat liver samples that were induced to necrosis after being exposed to PDT. Results show that visualization of tissue structures could be improved by changing colors and intensities of the microscope light source. PDT‐necrosed tissue samples are better differentiated when illuminated with different color wavelengths, leading to an improved differentiation of cells in the necrosis area. Due to the potential benefits it can bring to interpretation and diagnosis, further research in this field could make CCV an attractive technique for medical applications. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Synthesis and evaluation of [O‐methyl‐11C]4‐[3‐[4‐(2‐methoxyphenyl)‐ piperazin‐1‐yl]propoxy]‐4‐aza‐tricyclo[5.2.1.02,6]dec‐8‐ene‐3,5‐dione as a 5‐HT1A receptor agonist PET ligand
Authors: Majo Vattoly J. , Parsey Ramin V. , Prabhakaran Jaya , Mann J. John , Dileep Kumar J. S. 
Published: February 2008

Abstract4‐[3‐[4‐(2‐Methoxyphenyl)piperazin‐1‐yl]propoxy]‐4‐aza‐tricyclo[5.2.1.02,6]dec‐8‐ene‐3,5‐dione (4), a potent and selective 5‐HT1A agonist, was labeled by 11C‐methylation of the corresponding desmethyl analogue 3 with 11C‐methyl triflate. The precursor molecule 3 was synthesized from commercially available endo‐N‐hydroxy‐5‐norbornene‐2,3‐dicarboximide in two steps with an overall yield of 40%. Radiosynthesis of 11C‐4 was achieved in 35 min in 20±5% yield (n=6) at the end of synthesis with a specific activity of 2600±250 Ci/mmol. In vivo positron emission tomography (PET) studies in baboon revealed rapid uptake of the tracer into the brain. However, lack of specific binding indicates that 11C‐4 is not useful as a 5‐HT1A agonist PET ligand for clinical studies. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Significant summer rainfall in the Canadian Prairie Provinces: modes and mechanisms 2000–2004
Authors: Raddatz R. L. , Hanesiak J. M. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThis study analysed nearly 1000 significant (≥10 mm in 24 h) summer rain events that occurred within the boundaries of the Canadian Prairie Provinces from 2000 to 2004. The objective of this examination was to identify the mode of each event (i.e. solely or partially convective versus non‐convective), and its primary forcing mechanism (i.e. source of lift). Daily rainfall and lightning maps revealed that most of the significant rain events (79%) were solely or partially convective (i.e. lightning was recorded during the event), while 88% of the total rain area, a measure of the impact of each event, was from events with moist deep convection. Average monthly percentages varied. In June, 74% of the events were solely or partially convective, in July 85%, and in August 79%. In June, 84% of the rain area was from events that were solely or partially convective, in July 93%, and in August 86%.For significant rain events with convection, the most frequent forcing mechanisms were meso‐scale processes (28%), surface low‐pressure centres (16%), surface troughs (14%), and warm and cold fronts (both 14%). While meso‐scale forcing mechanisms were responsible for 28% of the significant rain events with convection, they generated just 11% of the rain area with convection. Surface low‐pressure centres, responsible for just 16% of the events with convection, produced 25% of the rain area with convection. The most frequent forcing mechanisms for significant rain events without convection were surface low‐pressure centres (25%), surface troughs (22%), cold fronts (19%), and cold lows (12%). The portion of the significant rain area without convection attributed to each of the synoptic forcing mechanisms was generally consistent with its relative frequency of occurrence. Copyright © 2008 Royal Meteorological Society
Effect of GDF‐7 deficiency on tail tendon phenotype in mice
Authors: Mikic Borjana , Entwistle Rachel , Rossmeier Kerri , Bierwert LouAnn 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThe subfamily of growth/differentiation factors (GDFs) known as GDFs 5, 6, and 7 appears to be involved in tendon maintenance and repair, although the precise nature of this role has yet to be elucidated. The aim of the present study was to examine the role of GDF‐7 in tendon maintenance by studying tail tendon fascicle gene expression, composition, and material property strain rate dependency in 16‐week‐old male and female GDF‐7 deficient mice. GDF‐7 deficiency did not affect the biochemical composition of tail tendon fascicles, nor did it significantly affect the tensile material properties obtained at either slow (5%/s) or fast (50%/s) strain rates. Further, no difference was found between genotypes in the strain rate sensitivity of any tensile material property. Consistent with the compositional analyses, QRT‐PCR data did not reveal any differences of twofold or greater in the gene expression levels of collagens I, III, V, nor in the proteoglycans decorin, fibromodulin, lumican, biglycan, versican, or aggrecan. Gdf5 expression was upregulated twofold in GDF‐7 deficient tail tendons, and Bmp7 expression was downregulated twofold. No notable differences in expression levels for Bmp1‐6 or Gdf6 were detected. GDF‐5 protein levels were 50% higher in GDF‐7 deficient tail tendon compared to wild type tail tendon. The results of this study support the intriguing possibility that compensation by Gdf‐5 may be at least in part responsible for the absence of a strong phenotype in GDF‐7 deficient mice. © 2008 Orthopaedic Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 26:834–839, 2008
Temporary distraction and compression of a diaphyseal osteotomy accelerates bone healing
Authors: Claes Lutz , Augat Peter , Schorlemmer Sandra , Konrads Christian , Ignatius Anita , Ehrnthaller Christian 
Published: February 2008

AbstractMechanical strain during callus distraction is known to stimulate osteogenesis. It is unclear whether this stimulus could be used to enhance the healing of a normal fracture without lengthening the bone. This study tested the hypothesis that a slow temporary distraction and compression of a diaphyseal osteotomy accelerates fracture healing. Fourteen sheep underwent a middiaphyseal osteotomy of the right tibia, stabilized by external fixation. An external fixator allowed either a temporary axial distraction (TD group; n = 6) or a constant fixation (C group; n = 8). Distraction began 7 days postoperatively at a rate of 0.5 mm twice per day for 2 days with subsequent shortening of 1.0 mm twice on the third day. The procedure was repeated four times. Fluorochrome labeling was performed postoperatively. After 8 weeks the sheep were sacrificed and healing was evaluated using densitometric, biomechanical, and histological methods. Bending stiffness of the tibiae after 8 weeks was 58% higher in the TD group than in the C group. The volume of the periosteal callus was significantly (p = 0.05) higher in the TD group (3.9 cm3) than in the C group (2.7 cm3). There was 20% more bone in the fracture gap of the TD group than the C group. There was a significantly higher bone formation rate in the TD group than in the C group. This study demonstrated the feasibility of fracture healing stimulation by the temporary application of distraction and compression. © 2008 Orthopaedic Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 26:772–777, 2008
Quadriceps and hamstrings muscle control in athletic males and females
Authors: Krishnan Chandramouli , Huston Kellen , Amendola Annunziato , Williams Glenn N. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate whether athletic males and females have differences in their quadriceps and hamstrings muscle control strategies. Twenty‐four people (12 males, 12 females) active in level I activities volunteered to participate. The subjects' muscle control strategies were studied using electromyography and a target matching protocol that assesses one's ability to produce force with control. The degree of control exhibited in the subjects' quadriceps and hamstrings muscle activation strategies was evaluated by calculating specificity indices for each muscle using circular statistics. Females displayed significantly lower specificity than males in their vastus medialis (p < 0.001), rectus femoris (p = 0.044), and lateral hamstrings (p = 0.001) muscle activity patterns, but similar specificity in their vastus lateralis and medial hamstrings activity patterns. Females also used a significantly higher magnitude of vastus lateralis (p < 0.001) and vastus medialis (p < 0.001) muscle activity than males to achieve the same relative force level. These findings indicate athletic males and females have differences in their knee muscle control strategies. © 2008 Orthopaedic Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 26:800–808, 2008
Friction properties of chemically modified starch
Authors: Biresaw Girma , Shogren Randal 
Published: February 2008

AbstractStarches of varying chemical structures were esterified with anhydrides, formulated into dry film lubricants with the addition of canola oil, and its friction properties investigated. In the absence of canola, chemically modified starch displayed a very high coefficient of friction (COF). Addition of canola resulted in a sharp decrease in COF, which decreased with increasing [canola] until it attained a minimum and constant value that was independent of the further increase in [canola]. This observation was attributed to the adsorption of the canola oil onto starch due to H‐bonding between the ester groups of the canola triglycerides and the free hydroxyl groups of starch. Analysis of the [canola] vs COF data using the Langmuir adsorption model showed stronger adsorption of canola to modified starch with a lower degree of substitution (DS). This was attributed to the availability of more free hydroxyl group adsorption sites on starches with lower DS than those with higher DS. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Improved additives for multiply alkylated cyclopentane‐based lubricants
Authors: Peterangelo Stephen C. , Gschwender Lois , Snyder Carl E. , Jones William R. , Nguyen QuynhGiao , Jansen Mark J. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractMultiply alkylated cyclopentanes (MACs) are replacing heritage (mineral oil‐based) spacecraft lubricants because of their excellent performance and low volatility. While MACs have acquired an increasingly prominent role, soluble additives with similarly low volatility are lacking. In this study, the performance of specially designed candidate high‐molecular‐weight/low‐volatility phosphate additives was compared with the performance of conventional phosphate and lead naphthenate additives currently used in space. The candidate additives were equivalent or superior to the currently used additives in both conventional (atmospheric) and vacuum wear tests. Volatility studies revealed superior candidate additive performance compared with currently used additives. In addition, surface chemical analysis of the wear surfaces provided a better understanding of the anti‐wear protective films formed by these additives. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The DGF Rapeseed Oil Award – A tool to improve the quality of virgin edible rapeseed oil
Authors: Matthäus Bertrand , Brühl Ludger , Amoneit Frank 
Published: February 2008

AbstractVirgin cold pressed rapeseed oils are becoming more popular in Germany. They are characterized by their specific taste and smell which resembles asparagus, cabbage or fresh, green vegetables in contrast to the refined oils. The quality of virgin rapeseed oils on the German market is very heterogeneous, resulting in a problem for the consumer to choose an oil with a pleasant taste and smell. The German Society for Fat Science (DGF) created in 2006 the DGF Rapeseed Oil Award for virgin rapeseed oils of excellent flavour in order to highlight good products and to bring the sensory quality of virgin rapeseed oil more into the focus of the producers. The paper describes the reasons, procedure and the performance of the DGF Rapeseed Oil Award and discusses the question whether the medal is suitable to improve the quality of the oils in the market and to thereby strengthen the confidence of the consumer in the product. Additionally the results of the years 2006 and 2007 are shown.
XRCC4 codon 247*A and XRCC4 promoter −1394*T related genotypes but not XRCC4 intron 3 gene polymorphism are associated with higher susceptibility for endometriosis
Authors: Hsieh Yao‐Yuan , Bau Da‐Tian , Chang Chi‐Chen , Tsai Chang‐Hai , Chen Chih‐Ping , Tsai Fuu‐Jen 
Published: February 2008

AbstractDNA repair systems act to maintain genome integrity in the face of replication errors, environmental insults, and the cumulative effects of age. Genetic variants in DNA repair genes such as X‐ray repair cross‐complementing group 4 (XRCC4) might influence the ability to repair damaged DNA. Herein we aimed to investigate whether some XRCC4‐related polymorphisms were associated with endometriosis susceptibility. Women were divided: (1) severe endometriosis (rAFS stage IV, n = 136) and (2) nonendometriosis groups (n = 112). The polymorphisms of XRCC4 codon 247, XRCC4 promoter −1394, and XRCC4 intron 3 insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism were amplified by PCR and detected by electrophoresis after restriction enzyme (BBS I, Hinc II) digestions. Genotypes and allelic frequencies in both groups were compared. We observed that XRCC4 codon 247*A and XRCC4 promoter −1394*T related genotypes, but not XRCC4 intron 3 I/D polymorphism, are associated with higher susceptibility for endometriosis. Distributions of XRCC4 codon 247*C homozygote/heterozygote/A homozygote, and C/A allele in both groups were: (1) 89/9.5/1.5% and 93.7/6.3%; (2) 97.3/2.7/0%, and 98.7/1.3% (P < 0.05). Proportions of XRCC4 promoter −1394*T homozygote/heterozygote/G homozygote and T/G allele in both groups were: (1) 94.1/5.2/0.7% and 96.7/3.3%, and (2) 79.4/17.9/2.7% and 88.4/11.6% (P < 0.005). Proportions of XRCC4*I homozygote/heterozygote/D homozygote and A/C allele in both groups were: (1) 67.6/30.9/1.5% and 83.2/16.8%, and (2) 70.5/24.1/5.4% and 82.6/17.4% (nondifference). We conclude that XRCC4 codon 247*A and XRCC4 promoter −1394*T related genotypes and alleles, but not XRCC4 intron 3 I/D polymorphism, might be associated with endometriosis susceptibilities and pathogenesis. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 75: 946–951, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.