bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Premigration Exposure to Political Violence and Perpetration of Intimate Partner Violence Among Immigrant Men in Boston
Authors: Gupta Jhumka , Acevedo-Garcia Dolores , Hemenway David , Decker Michele R. , Raj Anita , Silverman Jay G. 
Published: February 2009

Objectives. We examined associations between premigration political violence exposure and past-year intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration among immigrant men attending community health centers in Boston.Methods. A convenience sample of immigrant men (N = 379; aged 18–35 years), largely from the Caribbean and Cape Verde, who attend community health centers, completed an anonymous, cross-sectional survey on risk and protective factors for male-perpetrated IPV and respondents’ exposure to political violence.Results. One in 5 (20.1%) immigrant men reported that they were exposed to political violence before arrival in the United States. Men reporting political violence exposure were significantly more likely to report IPV perpetration than were men not reporting such exposure (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.84; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.41, 5.74). Significant associations with political violence exposure were observed for both physical (AOR = 2.69; 95% CI = 1.11, 6.54) and sexual (AOR = 2.37; 95% CI = 1.04, 5.44) IPV perpetration.Conclusions. To our knowledge, our findings document for the first time the significant association between premigration political violence exposure and recent IPV perpetration among immigrant men. Additional work is needed to examine underlying mechanisms to inform culturally appropriate programs.
Increased Risk of Acute Pancreatitis and Biliary Disease Observed in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Noel Rebecca A. , Braun Daniel K. , Patterson Ruth E. , Bloomgren Gary L. 
Published: February 2009

OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study was to assess the risk of acute pancreatitis in patients with type 2 diabetes compared with that in patients without diabetes. We also examined the risk of biliary disease (defined as occurrence of cholelithiasis, acute cholecystitis, or cholecystectomy), which is a major cause of pancreatitis.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We conducted a retrospective cohort study using a large, geographically diverse U.S. health care claims database. Eligible patients (≥18 years) were enrolled for at least 12 continuous months (1999–2005), with no incident events of pancreatitis or biliary disease during that 1 year baseline period. ICD-9 codes and prescription data were used to identify patients with type 2 diabetes; ICD-9 codes were also used to identify cases of pancreatitis and biliary disease. Overall, 337,067 patients with type 2 diabetes were matched on age and sex with 337,067 patients without diabetes. Incidence rates of disease and 95% CI were calculated per 100,000 person-years of exposure.

RESULTS
The type 2 diabetic cohort had a 2.83-fold (95% CI 2.61–3.06) greater risk of pancreatitis and 1.91-fold (1.84–1.99) greater risk of biliary disease compared with the nondiabetic cohort. Relative to patients of corresponding age without diabetes, younger type 2 diabetic patients had the highest risk of pancreatitis (&lt;45 years: incidence rate ratio [IRR] 5.26 [95% CI 4.31–6.42]; ≥45 years: 2.44 [2.23–2.66]).

CONCLUSIONS
These data suggest that patients with type 2 diabetes may have an increased risk of acute pancreatitis and biliary disease.
Teat tablet with sodium ibuprofen: the effect of sorbitol on therapeutic agent pharmaceutical availability and on physicochemical parameters of a drug form
Authors: Berner-Strzelczyk Aneta , Kołodziejska Justyna , Piechota-Urbañska Magdalena , Piechota Mariusz , Zgoda Marian 
Published: February 2009

Abstract
Dosing pediatric drugs available on pharmaceutical markets of analgesic, antifebrile and anti-inflammatory activity to children up to 3 years of age is not precise and frequently causes problems. The aim of the study was to work out a pediatric teat form of a drug with sodium ibuprofen and to determine the effect of sorbitol content on pharmaceutical availability of the therapeutic agent. Three variants of tablets containing 50 mg of sodium ibuprofen differing in the percentage content of sorbitol (from 37% - batch I to 79% - batch III) were produced. Quality tests of the produced forms of drugs (PPVI) were performed and the tests of therapeutic agent pharmaceutical availability by spatula method and by a method with a teat. Tablets of all batches had a smooth surface and same shape. The content of the therapeutic agent was within the limit of 95-105% of the declared value. The highest value of Q coefficient in the release test by pharmacopeal method and the shortest disintegration time (12 minutes) were obtained for tablets with 79% content of sorbitol. In conclusion, teat tablets with sodium ibuprofen of the highest sorbitol content (79%) demonstrated the expected physicochemical parameters and high pharmaceutical availability.
Inguinal lymphadenopathy secondary to adenocarcinoma of caecum: A case report
Authors: Hakeem Abdul , Khan Mansoor , Dugar Neelam , Muzaffar Mahariz , Robinson Joy 
Published: February 2009

Abstract
Various tumours have been reported to metastasise to inguinal lymph nodes. To our knowledge, caecal cancer has never been reported to metastasise to inguinal nodes. We present a case of a woman who had caecal cancer with large contralateral inguinal lymphadenopathy. She underwent right hemicolectomy with excision of the inguinal lymph node. Histology confirmed adenocarcinoma of caecum metastasising to contralateral inguinal lymph nodes.
Complications during pregnancy, labor and puerperium in women with increased BMI at pregnancy term
Authors: Mamula Ozren , Severinski Neda , Mamula Mihaela , Severinski Srećko 
Published: February 2009

Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyse perinatal complications in woman with increased BMI at pregnancy term. Study included 23190 women who gave singleton birth during a 10-year period in our institution. Maternal databases were reviewed for pregnancy, labor and delivery complications and early maternal postpartum morbidity. Women with increased BMI at pregnancy term had a significantly higer incidence of postterm pregnancy, gestational diabetes, pregnancy-induced hypertension and third trimester hemorrhage, compared to normal weight women (p 0.000). Women with increased BMI had significantly more labor induction with prostaglandins (p 0.001 and 0.000) and elective caesarean (p 0.025 and 0.000). Also, overweight and obese women had higher incidence of operative delivery: caesarean section (p 0.000) and vacuum extraction (p 0.000). The incidences of postpartum febrility (p 0.057, 0.000, 0.002) and trombophlebits (p 0.013) were also significantly higher. We can conclude that prepregnancy normal weight women with increased BMI during pregnancy need special follow-up and counseling in pregnancy and delivery.
Pressor responses to hyperventilation in elderly subjects differentiate essential from secondary hypertension
Authors: Fontana Fiorella , Bernardi Pasquale , Pizzi Carmine , Pich Emilio 
Published: February 2009

Abstract
We evaluated pressor responses to the hyperventilation test in elderly normotensive (n=43, mean age 82 ± 5 years) and elderly hypertensive subjects (n=45 with essential hypertension, mean age 82 ± 2 years, and n=49 with secondary hypertension, mean age 82 ± 3 years). Hyperventilation did not change blood pressure (BP) in normotensive and secondary hypertensive subjects, whereas it decreased BP in essential hypertensives. Hierarchical cluster analysis based on BP responses to hyperventilation disclosed three groups of subjects in each population: group 1 exhibited a reduction in BP (essential hypertensives: 76%), group 2 no change (normotensives: 70%, secondary hypertensives: 76%), and group 3 an increase (normotensives: 19%, essential hypertensives: 13%, secondary hypertensives: 14%). Ambulatory BP monitoring found significant differences in pressor daytime profiles of hypertensive patients according to pressor responses to hyperventilation showing wide fluctuations in group 1 and 3 patients. Interestingly, the peak ambulatory SBP values correlated to the pre-hyperventilation SBP values in group 1, and to the hyperventilation peak SBP values in group 3. In conclusion: 1) Aging decreases reactivity to respiratory alkalosis in elderly normotensives; 2) hyperventilation induces significant pressor changes frequently in essential hypertension, but rarely in secondary hypertension; 3) the significant pressor responses to hyperventilation reflect the daytime pressor profiles predicting the highest daily fluctuations of BP values.
Midnight salivary cortisol, measured by highly sensitive electrochemiluminescence immunoassay, for the diagnosis of Cushing’s syndrome
Authors: Yaneva Maria , Kirilov Georgi , Zacharieva Sabina 
Published: February 2009

Abstract
The aim of the present study is to evaluate the measurement of midnight salivary cortisol as a method of screening for Cushing’s syndrome (CS). Here we tested the performance of a highly sensitive electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) for midnight salivary cortisol measurement in an extensive clinical study (n=104). Three groups were investigated: 30 patients with CS, 34 with obesity and 40 healthy normal weight controls. All of them collected saliva samples at 24:00 h and urine samples over the same day (24 hour period). An electrochemiluminescence immunoassay was used to measure salivary cortisol. Mean midnight salivary cortisol in healthy volunteers, obese patients and patients with CS was 8.33 ± 3.62, 8.13 ± 4.47 and 33.11 ± 21.68 nmol/l, respectively. No significant difference was found between midnight salivary cortisol in healthy and obese subjects (P>0.05). In contrast, salivary cortisol at midnight was significantly higher in patients with CS (P<0.001) as compared to both other groups. The cut-off point of 14.2 nmol/l yielded a sensitivity of 93.3% and a specificity of 94.2% (AUCROC=0.984 ± 0.01(0.965-1.000). A strong positive correlation between midnight salivary cortisol and urinary free cortisol has been found in the CS group (r=0.686, P<0.0001). Our results demonstrate that measurement of midnight salivary cortisol could be successfully used as a first-line screening method for CS. Our data approve ECLIA as a simple, reliable and timesaving method for the assessment of salivary cortisol. Automated measurement of midnight salivary cortisol by ECLIA would facilitate the routine practice in the screening for CS.
Microarray technology in the study of genetic determinants of cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Gluba Anna , Rysz Jacek , Pietrucha Tadeusz 
Published: February 2009

Abstract
Microarray, a miniaturized glass slide or membrane with immobilized DNA probes, is a powerful tool for the analysis of mutations, gene expression and sequencing. This technique requires chip (glass slide or membrane) fabrication, preparation of probes and labelled targets, hybridization and data analysis. Microarrays give the possibility to evaluate a wide spectrum of candidate genes, to simultaneously observe interaction of genes, to detect polymorphisms within genes and identify therapeutic targets. Coronary artery disease being a major cause of death, is a disorder influenced by either genetic or environmental factors. Microarray analysis of gene expression can be used to identify genes involved in disease progression and in disease reduction. Chips also allow for the throughput and simultaneous analysis of a great variety of cell types such as cardiomyocytes, monocytes, macrophages, smooth muscle, endothelial, and fibroblasts and chemical mediators involved in cardiovascular disease pathology, their interactions and cumulative effects.
The maintenance and utilisation of government fitted hearing aids
Authors: Sooful Prasha , Dijk Catherine , Avenant Carina 
Published: February 2009

Abstract
This study is aimed to examine the maintenance and utilisation of hearing aids given to clients attending government hospitals in Tshwane and to probe factors that impacted on the hearing aid fitting process, in order to contribute to the formation of service delivery guidelines. As most participants were embarrassed to wear their devices, results showed that there was a general consensus about the self-image and wearing of hearing aids. Furthermore, it was found that most government fitted hearing aids and accessories were poorly cared for and maintained. One of the factors which negatively influenced the utilisation and maintenance of hearing aids was finance. Participants could not afford to properly maintain and service their hearing instruments. Multilingualism also presented an obstacle in terms of utilising hearing aids correctly and to their full benefit, as most participants were not instructed on hearing aid care and use in their first language. Furthermore, distance to and from the provincial hospitals also posed a problem for clients living in rural and outlying areas.
Markers of oxidative stress in acute myocardial infarction treated by percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Sedláková Eva , Rácz Oliver , Lovásová Eva , Beòaèka Roman , Kurpas Martin , Chmelárová Anna , Sedlák Ján , Studenèan Martin 
Published: February 2009

Abstract
In the current study, we evaluated the dynamics of oxidative stress markers in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) treated by primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Thirty consecutive patients with AMI with ST elevation were included. Plasma lipid peroxidation end product malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in blood plasma were evaluated. Peripheral venous blood samples were obtained prior to reperfusion and at five time points after reperfusion. The control group consisted of 20 ischemic patients without acute coronary syndrome. TAC in the AMI group at admission was lower than in control patients (1.26 + 0.32 vs. 1.52 + 0.24 mmol/l). Within 1 h after reperfusion, in most cases, values significantly declined (1 min, 1.10 + 0.33 mmol/l; 1 h, 1.06 + 0.21 mmol/l [p= 0.03]). After 3 h, values began to increase (1.14 + 0.29 mmol/l) and returned to basal values after 3 d (1.29 + 0.24 mmol/l). MDA levels in AMI patients at admission were higher than in control patients (1.66 + 0.55 vs. 1.44 + 0.55 mmol/l) but showed a sustained decrease over the 3 h after reperfusion of the occluded artery (1 min, 1.57 + 0.37 mmol/l; 1 h, 1.50 + 0.35 μmol/l; 3 h, 1.35 + 0.59 μmol/l [p = 0.03]). Reperfusion of the occluded coronary artery by PCI in AMI lead to an immediate decrease in TAC, suggesting formation of reactive oxygen species. However, the MDA level significantly decreased after reperfusion. This may suggests less reperfusion injury after PCI.
Formation of hydrated titanium dioxide from seeded titanyl sulphate solution
Authors: Grzmil Barbara , Grela Daniel , Kic Bogumił 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe paper analyses the influence of various kinds and amounts of titanium dioxide nuclei addition to a solution of titanyl sulphate on the conversion degree of TiOSO4 to hydrated titanium dioxide and sulphuric acid. An industrial solution of titanyl sulphate used to produce titanium white was used in the present investigations. It was found that the course of hydrolysis clearly depended on the investigated parameters. The anatase nuclei calcined at 373 K and 333 K and rutile nuclei increased the degree of titanyl sulphate hydrolysis as compared to non-nucleation hydrolysis. The final degree of hydrolysis was by 1–2 % higher than that achieved without any nuclei addition. The constant rates of both colloidal intermediate and final crystalline products formation were higher in the hydrolysis process with both anatase nuclei after heat treatment at lower temperature and rutile nuclei in comparison to the same processes conducted in the absence of these nuclei.
Random polar sampling technique for the reliability analysis of submarine pressure hull
Authors: Radha P , Rajagopalan K 
Published: February 2009

Reliability analysis is essential to reduce the structural system failures to an acceptance level. In this paper, a quasi-Monte Carlo Simulation method called âRandom Polar Sampling Technique' (RPST) has been described for the reliability analysis of ring stiffened shell structure, in which the combinations of variates are obtained using a polar sampling of Latin hypercube sampled values. An efficient computer program coded in C++ has been developed for use with the RPST. Reliability analysis of internally ring stiffened submarine pressure hull has been described as an illustration and the results are compared with those given by First Order Second Moment method (FOSM), Advanced First Order Second Moment method (AFOSM) and Monte-Carlo Simulation methods. Keywords: Random Polar Sampling Technique, Reliability, Ring stiffened shells, Submarine pressure hull, Latin Hypercube Samples. Â doi: 10.3329/jname.v1i1.2036 Journal of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering 1(2004) 26-34
Computation of ship responses in waves using panel method
Authors: Islam MN , Islam MR , Baree MS 
Published: February 2009

Hydrodynamic coefficients, Forces / Moments and Motions of a ship moving with a mean forward speed in six degrees of freedom are computed using Panel Method. In this study, an existing numerical model without speed consideration was modified by incorporating the speed parameters. Appropriate Green function was used to calculate the concern velocity potential. The accuracy of the developed numerical code employing the Panel Method has been validated by comparing the result with known/published results of a series 60 ship available in the literature. Based on the results presented in the paper, it can be concluded that the developed model is able to predict the responses of the ship with forward speed effect. Keywords: Motions, Green function, 3D Source distribution. Â doi: 10.3329/jname.v1i1.2037 Journal of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering 1(2004) 35-46
On Trusting Wikipedia
Authors: Magnus P. D. 
Published: February 2009

ABSTRACTGiven the fact that many people use Wikipedia, we should ask: Can we trust it? The empirical evidence suggests that Wikipedia articles are sometimes quite good but that they vary a great deal. As such, it is wrong to ask for a monolithic verdict on Wikipedia. Interacting with Wikipedia involves assessing where it is likely to be reliable and where not. I identify five strategies that we use to assess claims from other sources and argue that, to a greater of lesser degree, Wikipedia frustrates all of them. Interacting responsibly with something like Wikipedia requires new epistemic methods and strategies.
A constructional approach to lexicalization processes in the history of English: Evidence from possessive constructions
Authors: Trousdale Graeme 
Published: February 2009

This article is concerned with aspects of lexicalization in the history of English from the perspective of Construction Grammar (CxnG). I show how constructional approaches can account for both grammaticalization and lexicalization within a unified framework, basing my argument around the two kinds of input to lexicalization which Brinton & Traugott (2005 : 96) identify: syntactic constructions and word formation patterns. In lexicalization, linguistic forms that initially participate in an abstract schematic macro- or meso-construction, become idiosyncratic micro-constructions, whereas in grammaticalization an idiosyncratic micro-construction comes to participate in a more schematic meso- or macro-level construction.The main part of the paper is devoted to a discussion of the evolution of what Taylor (1996) has described as possessive compounds, such as driver's license, in the history of English. I specifically consider how the CxnG framework can explain the development of form-meaning mismatches, conventionalization, and the loss of internal constituency, in lexicalization. The data suggest that a constructional approach can account for the two stages of lexicalization (grammatical to lexical, less lexical to more lexical) in a way parallel to the two stages of grammaticalization (lexical to grammatical, less grammatical to more grammatical).
Molecular cloning and characterization of Bombyx mori CREB gene
Authors: Song Hongsheng , Sun Yue , Zhang Yang , Li Muwang 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe cAMP response element binding protein (CREB), as one of the best characterized stimulus‐induced transcription factors, plays critical roles in activating transcription of target genes in response to a variety of environmental stimuli. To characterize this important molecule in the silkworm, Bombyx mori, we cloned a full‐length cDNA of CREB gene from B. mori brains by using RACE‐PCR. The sequence of B. mori CREB (named BmCREB1) gene contains a 88 bp 5′ UTR, a 783 bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding 261 amino acids and a 348 bp 3′ UTR. The deduced BmCREB amino acid sequence has 56.7% and 37.2% homology with CREB from Apis mellifera carnica and Drosophila melanogaster, respectively. The primary structure of the deduced BmCREB1 protein contains a kinase‐inducible domain (KID) and a basic region/leucine zipper (bZIP) dimerization domain which exisits in all CREB family members. Genomic analysis showed there are 9 exons and 5 introns in B. mori CREB genome sequences. We identified three different isoforms of BmCREB (BmCREB1, BmCREB2 and BmCREB3) through alternative splicing in C terminal. In addition, the expression of BmCREB in different developmental stages was investigated by using quantitative real‐time PCR in both diapause and non‐diapause type of B. mori bivoltine race (Dazao). BmCREB transcripts showed two peaks in embryonic stage and pupal stage in both types of bivoltine race. However, consistently higher expression of BmCREB was found throughout the developmental stages in the diapause type than in the non‐diapause type. These results suggest that BmCREB is involved in the processs of diapause induced by environmental factors. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effects of heat shock on ovary development and hsp83 expression in Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
Authors: Xu Jingjing , Shu Juan , Qiu Xiaotian , Wang Zhipeng , Zhao Fuping , Zhang Zhe , Zhang Qin 
Published: February 2009

AbstractHeat shock affects reproductive performance in insects including Tribolium castaneum. In this study, the effects of heat shock on ovary development and hsp83 expression in T. castaneum were investigated. Two lines of T. castaneum, H line and C line, from the same base population were established and maintained for five successive generations. In each generation, the newly hatched beetles (within 3 h after eclosion) in the H line were treated with a heat shock at 40°C for 1 h, and those in the C line were raised at normal temperature (30°C) as control treatment. Four traits related to ovary development were measured for the beetles of the fifth generation: days from eclosion to laying the first eggs (To), days from eclosion to laying the first hatchable eggs (Th), ovariole size on the third day after eclosion, and pupal mass of their offspring. The results showed that the beetles of the H line had a significantly longer pre‐oviposition period (0.6 more days) and smaller ovariole size than those of the C line. No significant difference in pupal mass was observed. Applying heat shock to the offspring of the fifth generation of both lines led to significantly higher hsp83 expression in offspring of the C line than in offspring of the H line. Within each line, the hsp83 expression level in offspring with heat shock was significantly higher than that of offspring without heat shock, but the difference in the C line was much larger than that in the H line. We infer from these results that a tradeoff between heat resistance, registered as hsp83 expression, and ovarian development operates under heat stress in T. castaneum. 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.