bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CG‐Net: A novel CNN framework for gastrointestinal tract diseases classification
Authors: Siddiqui Samra , Akram Tallha , Ashraf Imran , Raza Muddassar , Khan Muhammad Attique , Damaševičius Robertas 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe classification of medical images has had a significant influence on the diagnostic techniques and therapeutic interventions. Conventional disease diagnosis procedures require a substantial amount of time and effort to accurately diagnose. Based on global statistics, gastrointestinal cancer has been recognized as a major contributor to cancer‐related deaths. The complexities involved in resolving gastrointestinal tract (GIT) ailments arise from the need for elaborate methods to precisely identify the exact location of the problem. Therefore, doctors frequently use wireless capsule endoscopy to diagnose and treat GIT problems. This research aims to develop a robust framework using deep learning techniques to effectively classify GIT diseases for therapeutic purposes. A CNN based framework, in conjunction with the feature selection method, has been proposed to improve the classification rate. The proposed framework has been evaluated using various performance measures, including accuracy, recall, precision, F1 measure, mean absolute error, and mean squared error.
Heterogeneous network intrusion detection via domain adaptation in IoT environment
Authors: Zhang Jun , Li Yao , Zhang Litian 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNetwork intrusion detection refers to detect the threaten behaviors in the network to guarantee the network security. Compared with computer network, Internet of Things (IoT) consists of various devices, including computer, smart phone, smart watch, various sensors etc. The data in IoT may be captured from heterogeneous scenes using various devices. The data may follow from different distributions. Most previous works may fail when they are used in heterogeneous scenes of IoT. In order to overcome this issue, this paper designs a heterogeneous network intrusion detection scheme using attention sharing mechanism to implement domain adaptation for the intrusion detection of the data with heterogeneous distributions. The data from heterogeneous IoT devices is projected into the same sharing space via attention sharing to alleviate the bias between the distributions of data from these devices. Thus, the intrusion detection model learnt from the data from a scene can be migrated to another scene. The experiments and simulation demonstrate that the proposed intrusion detection scheme can adapt the changes of IoT scene.
Exploring the impact of side‐reactions on triple‐column reactive‐extractive distillation
Authors: Teh Irvy Ai Xia , Kong Zong Yang , Yang Ao , Aqsha Aqsha , Sunarso Jaka 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundPresently, there are no studies that examine the impact of side‐reactions of ethylene oxide hydration on triple‐column reactive‐extractive distillation (TC‐RED). This study addressed this gap by investigating how these side‐reactions influence the energy consumption, total annual cost (TAC), and CO2 emission of the TC‐RED process. Two case studies, which involve the ternary separation of tetrahydrofuran (THF)/ethanol (ETOH)/water and ethyl acetate (EA)/ETOH/water were conducted here.ResultsCase studies 1 and 2 showed significant increase in energy consumption (39.68% and 16.56%), TAC (65.57% and 47.88%) and CO2 emission (21.15% and 12.89%) resulting from side‐reactions. The increase in energy consumption, TAC, and CO2 emission is primarily a consequence of the high boiling point of higher glycol product derivatives, altered chemical equilibrium behavior and increased reactant flowrates, which necessitate larger equipment sizes and incur higher capital costs. Notwithstanding this, TC‐RED with side‐reactions still outperforms pressure swing distillation (PSD) for separation of THF/ETOH/water and extractive distillation (ED) for separation of EA/ETOH/water. However, it falls short of double‐column reactive‐extractive distillation (DC‐RED) owing to the need for an additional column.ConclusionOur study highlights the importance of considering side‐reactions in TC‐RED during process design. Although the decline in performance is a result of the additional complexities brought by side‐reactions, it is important to emphasize that the primary takeaway of this study is that the system model is more realistic. By incorporating side‐reactions into the simulation, we can model the system more comprehensively, providing future researchers with an opportunity to explore and address potential issues resulting from side‐reactions. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
How do students negotiate groupwork? The influence of group norm exercises and group development norms
Authors: Hagvall Svensson Oskar , Johansson Anders , Adawi Tom 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundGroup norms in engineering education groupwork are usually negotiated in an implicit and often unequal manner. Although it is regularly suggested that student groups can function better if norm negotiations are, instead, made explicit, the social dynamics of group norm exercises have remained underexplored.PurposeWe investigate how students negotiate group norms in group norm exercises, including the different understandings of groupwork that they construct and draw from to facilitate their negotiations.MethodWe recorded and analyzed a sequence of three group norm exercises focused on developing a team charter, with seven participating student groups. Drawing on framing theory, we study negotiation sequences in terms of framing practices, and understandings of groupwork in terms of activity frames.ResultsOur findings suggest that group norm exercises can help students to coordinate their expectations and transform previously established norms. However, they may also be approached in such a way that students are discouraged from questioning established group norms, instead resolving disagreement by simply rejecting alternative perspectives. We introduce the term “group development norms” to explain these dynamics, showing that the question of how to develop group norms is in itself a subject for negotiation.ConclusionsProviding a forum and process is neither enough to ensure reflective and equitable negotiations nor transparent and inclusive group norms. To avoid that group norm exercises simply reaffirm dominant norms, students should be provided with explicit negotiation strategies and, ideally, direct facilitation.
B‐cell maturation antigen‐based therapies post‐talquetamab in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma
Authors: Shrestha Asis , Alzubi Marah , Alrawabdeh Jawad , Schinke Carolina , Thanendrarajan Sharmilan , Zangari Maurizio , van Rhee Frits , Al Hadidi Samer 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTalquetamab recently received approval for relapsed refractory multiple myeloma. However, there is currently no available data on how patients perform with BCMA based agents after progression on talquetamab. Herein, we present the outcome of 10 patients who received BCMA based therapies following talquetamab. The median follow‐up was 9.5 months (range: 6–24 months). The median progression free survival was 5.5 months (range: 1–10 months). Patients had varying grades of cytokine release syndrome and Immune effector cell‐associated neurotoxicity syndrome. Our results suggest that treatment with talquetamab followed by BCMA based therapies is feasible and can be considered as clinically indicated.
HBV PreC interacts with SUV39H1 to induce viral replication by blocking the proteasomal degradation of viral polymerase
Authors: Hou Lidan , Zhao Jie , Cai Liuxin , Jin Ling , Liu Boqiang , Li Shijie , Yang Jin , Ji Tong , Li Songyi , Shi Liang , Shen Bo , Yu Hong , Wang Yifan , Cai Xiujun 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) seropositivity during the natural history of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is known to coincide with significant increases in serum and intrahepatic HBV DNA levels. However, the precise underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we found that PreC (HBeAg precursor) genetic ablation leads to reduced viral replication both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, PreC impedes the proteasomal degradation of HBV polymerase, promoting viral replication. We discovered that PreC interacts with SUV39H1, a histone methyltransferase, resulting in a reduction in the expression of Cdt2, an adaptor protein of CRL4 E3 ligase targeting HBV polymerase. SUV39H1 induces H3K9 trimethylation of the Cdt2 promoter in a PreC‐induced manner. CRISPR‐mediated knockout of endogenous SUV39H1 or pharmaceutical inhibition of SUV39H1 decreases HBV loads in the mouse liver. Additionally, genetic depletion of Cdt2 in the mouse liver abrogates PreC‐related HBV replication. Interestingly, a negative correlation of intrahepatic Cdt2 with serum HBeAg and HBV DNA load was observed in CHB patient samples. Our study thus sheds light on the mechanistic role of PreC in inducing HBV replication and identifies potential therapeutic targets for HBV treatment.
Remarkable increase in the detection and molecular characterization of adenovirus F41 in children with acute gastroenteritis in Japan, 2017–2023
Authors: Okitsu Shoko , Khamrin Pattara , Hikita Toshiyuki , Onda Yuko , Ngan Pham Thi Kim , Hayakawa Satoshi , Maneekarn Niwat , Ushijima Hiroshi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHuman adenovirus (HAdV) is one of the causative viruses of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in children worldwide. Species F is known to be enteric adenovirus (genotypes 40 and 41) detected in stool samples. In Japan, we conducted an epidemiological study and molecular characterization of HAdV before and after the COVID‐19 pandemic from 2017 to 2023. Among 821 patients, HAdV was detected in 118 AGE cases (14.4%). During a period of 6 years, the HAdV detection rates for each year were relatively low at 3.7% and 0%, in 2017–2018, and 2020–2021, respectively. However, the detection rate increased to remarkably high rates, ranging from 13.3% to 27.3% in the other 4‐year periods. Of these HAdV‐positive strains, 83.1% were F41 genotypes and 16.9% were other genotypes (A31, B3, C1, C2/C6, and C5). Phylogenetic analyses of the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of the full‐length hexon gene demonstrated that HAdV‐F41 strains were comprised of three clades, and each clade was distributed across the study period from 2017 to 2023. Analysis of deduced amino acid sequences of the hexon gene of the representative HAdV‐F41 strains from each clade revealed numerous amino acid substitutions across hypervariable regions (HVRs) from HVR‐1 to HVR‐7, two insertions in HVR‐1 and HVR‐7, and two deletions in HVR‐1 and HVR‐2 of the hexon gene compared to those of the prototype strain, particularly, those of clade 3 HAdV‐F41 strains. The findings suggested that the HAdV‐F41 of each clade was stable, conserved, and co‐circulated for over two decades in Japan.
Multi‐conductor electromagnetic coupling model for sensitive wires subject to driven wire in complex electronic systems
Authors: Jiang Fan , Chen Lulu , Xue Bing , Tian Xinxin , Ye Liang Hua , Li Jian‐Feng , Wu Duo‐Long 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA novel multi‐conductor electromagnetic coupling model for the sensitive‐wire subject to driven wire in a high‐precision machining workbench is proposed in this paper. The general coupling model for an N‐wire system is derived and is used to evaluate the wire coupling effect. Furthermore, 4‐wire and 3‐wire models are demonstrated to verify the accuracy through full‐wave electromagnetic simulation below 10 MHz. The results show that the error between the proposed method and the full‐wave electromagnetic simulation is less than 10%, demonstrating the high efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method. When the parameters of the driven power wire and the most sensitive wire are fixed and the parameters of neighboring wires are swept, the maximum fluctuation of the induced current on the most sensitive wire is 6.1 dB. The efficient calculation method proposed in this work helps reduce the risk of electromagnetic interference in complex electronic systems and improves the design efficiency of wires. It is promising to become a high‐performance method with high efficiency and precision.
Deciphering the core microbiota in open environment solid‐state fermentation of Beijing rice vinegar and its correlation with environmental factors
Authors: Zhang Xin , Gao Hang , Zhang Jian , Liu Li , Fu Lijun , Zhao Yan , Sun Yong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDRice vinegar is a popular cereal vinegar worldwide and is typically produced in an open environment, and the ecosystem of solid‐state fermentation is complicated and robust. The present study aimed to reveal the shaping force of the establishment of the ecosystem of Beijing rice vinegar, the core function microbiota and their correlation with critical environmental factors. [Correction added after first online publication on 29 May 2024; the word “worldwide” has been removed from the first sentence under the section Background.]RESULTSThe experimental findings revealed the changes in environmental factors, major metabolites and microbial patterns during Beijing rice vinegar fermentation were obtained. The major metabolites accumulated at the middle and late acetic acid fermentation (AAF) periods. Principal coordinates and t‐test analyses revealed the specific bacterial and fungal species at corresponding stages. Kosakonia, Methlobacterium, Sphingomonas, unidentified Rhizobiaceae, Pseudozyma and Saccharomycopsis dorminated during saccharification and alcohol fermentation and early AAF, whereas Lactococcus, Acetobacter, Rhodotorula and Kazachstania dominated the later AAF stages. Canonical correspondence analysis of environmental factors with core microbiota. Temperature and total acid were the most significant factors correlated with the SAF bacterial profile (Pediococcus, Weissella, Enterococcus and Kosakonia). Ethanol was the most significant factor between AAF1 and AAF3, and mainly affected Acetobacter and Lactobacillus. Conversely, ethanol was the most significant factor in the SAF, AAF1 and AAF3 fungi communities; typical microorganisms were Saccharomyces and Malassezia. Furthermore, the predicted phenotypes of bacteria and their response to environmental factors were evaluated.CONCLUSIONIn conclusion, the present study has provided insights into the process regulation of spontaneous fermentation and distinguished the key driving forces in the microbiota of Beijing rice vinegar fermentation. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Protective effect of soluble dietary fiber from Rosa roxburghii Tratt residue on dextran sulfate sodium‐induced ulcerative colitis by regulating serum metabolism and NF‐κB pathway in mice
Authors: Li Lilang , Zhang Xiang , Wang Li , Gao Ming , Wang Yu , Zhang Zhengrong , Yang Xiaosheng , Yang Juan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDUlcerative colitis (UC) refers to an idiopathic chronic inflammatory bowel disease that starts with inflammation of the intestinal mucosa. Dietary fiber plays a crucial role in maintaining the normal architecture of the intestinal mucosa. In this study, the protective effect and potential mechanism of soluble dietary fiber from Rosa roxburghii Tratt residue (SDFR) on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)‐induced UC mice were explored.RESULTSThe results revealed that SDFR could ameliorate body weight loss and pathological injury, improve the structure and crypt destruction in colon in DSS‐induced mice. Moreover, the levels of NO, IL‐1β, TNF‐α, MPO and protein expression of iNOS and COX‐2 were decreased after administration of SDFR. Notably, nontargeted metabolomics analysis indicated that there were significant differences in 51 potential metabolites in serum between the DSS and control groups. SDFR intervention could regulate aberrant alterations of these metabolites and mitigate UC via regulating metabolic pathways, including arachidonic acid and glycerophospholipid metabolism.CONCLUSIONThis study provides novel evidence that SDFR could be used as a potential modulator to relieve UC. Also, the results provide a theoretical basis for the utilization of byproducts in Rosa roxburghii Tratt fruit processing. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Robotic versus laparoscopic gastrectomy for gastric cancer: A Western propensity score matched analysis
Authors: Dias Andre Roncon , Pereira Marina A. , Ramos Marcus F. K. P. , de Oliveira Rodrigo José , Yagi Osmar Kenji , Ribeiro Ulysses 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundRobot‐assisted gastrectomy (RG) has been shown to be safe and feasible in the treatment of gastric cancer (GC). However, it is unclear whether RG is equivalent to laparoscopic gastrectomy (LG), especially in the Western world. Our objective was to compare the outcomes of RG and LG in GC patients.MethodsWe reviewed all gastric adenocarcinoma patients who underwent curative gastrectomy by minimally invasive approach in our institution from 2009 to 2022. Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was conducted to reduce selection bias. DaVinci Si platform was used for RG.ResultsA total of 156 patients were eligible for inclusion (48 RG and 108 LG). Total gastrectomy was performed in 21.3% and 25% of cases in LG and RG, respectively. The frequency of stage pTNM II/III was 48.1%, and 54.2% in the LG and RG groups (p = 0.488). After PSM, 48 patients were matched in each group. LG and RG had a similar number of dissected lymph nodes (p = 0.759), operative time (p = 0.421), and hospital stay (p = 0.353). Blood loss was lower in the RG group (p = 0.042). The major postoperative complications rate was 16.7% for LG and 6.2% for RG (p = 0.109). The 30‐day mortality rate was 2.1% and 0% for LG and RG, respectively (p = 1.0). There was no significant difference between the LG and RG groups for disease‐free survival (79.6% vs. 61.2%, respectively; p = 0.155) and overall survival (75.9% vs. 65.7%, respectively; p = 0.422).ConclusionRG had similar surgical and long‐term outcomes compared to LG, with less blood loss observed in RG.
Range of international surgical strategies for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: Evaluation of a multi‐center survey
Authors: Wilke Hans‐Joachim , Großkinsky Maresa , Ruf Michael , Schlager Benedikt 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundSurgical treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is very complex and modern instrumentation techniques offer multiple possibilities. Despite numerous publications, there is no clear consensus on the optimal strategy for the correction of scoliotic deformities. The goal of this study was to summarize the current surgical strategies for specific AIS cases within various countries.MethodThirty‐two experienced scoliosis surgeons from 15 countries were asked to plan surgeries on 12 representative AIS cases. All AIS cases had an indication for surgery. A questionnaire was provided to document surgical planning. The surgeons were provided with the patients' age and sex, together with radiographs in the lateral and sagittal planes during upright standing and in lateral bending to the left and right, as well as with clinical images. The angles of the main spinal curvatures were specified in the questionnaire. The surgeons were asked to specify their preferred classification system, their surgical approach, the planned fusion length, the type of implants, the rod type, and the resection steps. The data were analyzed with respect to the inter‐rater variability, which was quantified using the Fleiss‐Kappa Method.ResultsThere was a good agreement (k = 0.61) between the surgeons in choosing the Lenke curve type, and a moderate agreement for the lumbar (0.41) and sagittal (0.56) modifiers. The most frequently planned resection procedure was complete facetectomy (67%). The posterior approach was the most commonly (91%) selected strategy to treat AIS. Anterior approaches were chosen most for Lenke 5 type with a rate of 20%. The upper instrumented vertebra (UIV) varied most for Lenke 1, 5, and 6 cases, with a vertebral level discrepancy of up to 10 levels at Lenke 6. The lowest instrumented vertebra varied most for Lenke 1 and 4 by up to five levels. Polyaxial screws were chosen most (56%), followed by monoaxial (20%) and uniplanar (19%) screws and hooks (5%).ConclusionsThe results highlight the commonalities and discrepancy in the surgical treatment of AIS in between surgeons. The selected LIV and UIV can vary depending on the curve type and surgeon. Hook constructs appear to be generally replaced by transpedicular screws. The survey indicates open questions in the AIS treatment and in the understanding of scoliosis biomechanics.
Making decisions under demographic, management, and monitoring uncertainty with value of information
Authors: Liberati Marjorie R. , Rittenhouse Chadwick D. , Vokoun Jason C. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractLearning and resolving uncertainty should be important components of management decisions, but not every type of uncertainty is equally important to resolve. For rare, threatened, and endangered species, information may be limited and there is often great urgency to halt potential population declines. Therefore, the most important uncertainties are those that would lead to different decisions intended to improve outcomes for species of interest. The New England cottontail (Sylvilagus transitionalis) is an endemic species to the northeastern United States and is listed as a species of special concern, threatened, or endangered in all states in its current range. States within the historical New England cottontail range have made substantial investments in habitat management, captive breeding, and research, but considerable demographic, management, and monitoring uncertainties remain. Connecticut is the geographic core of the current range of the species and therefore has been the focus of many management efforts, including improving habitat, creating new habitat patches, removing eastern cottontails (Sylvilagus floridanus), and releasing captive‐bred New England cottontails. We used a value of information analysis to identify the optimal management decision given current uncertainty and to evaluate how sources of uncertainty might lead to changes in management decisions. Given the current understanding of the New England cottontail in Connecticut, we identified the optimal management decision as improving existing habitat patches without monitoring for the species and managers could expect a 3.4% increase in populations if decision‐making uncertainty could be fully resolved. Multiple sources of uncertainty influenced results, but variation in New England cottontail density and the response of the species to the removal of eastern cottontails were most likely to result in changes to management decisions. At lower New England cottontail densities, releasing captive‐bred individuals competed with improving habitat as the optimal management action. Accounting for the value of information benefits New England cottontail management by guiding research efforts toward information that is most beneficial for decision‐makers and providing insights into parameter thresholds that would lead to changes in management decisions.