bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving the interaction of Myc‐interfering peptides with Myc using molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Jouaux Eva M. , Timm Barbara B. , Arndt Katja M. , Exner Thomas E. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractPreviously, a Myc‐interfering peptide (Mip) was identified for the targeted inactivation of the Myc:Max complex by the combination of rational design and an in vivo protein‐fragment complementation assay. In the subsequent work presented here, molecular dynamics simulations and free energy calculations based on the molecular mechanics GBSA method were performed to define the contribution of the different amino acids in the Myc:Mip coiled coil domain, and compared to wild‐type Myc:Max. For further optimization of the Myc interference, point mutations were introduced into Mip and analyzed, from which two showed much higher binding affinities in the computational studies in good agreement with the experiment. These mutants with very high potential for inactivation of Myc can now be used as starting point for further optimizations based on the computational as well as experimental protocols presented here. Copyright © 2008 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Phonon sidebands in semiconductor luminescence
Authors: Feldtmann T. , Kira M. , Koch S. W. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractA microscopic theory of LO‐phonon assisted photoluminescence in semiconductors is presented. In order to systematically describe Coulomb and light–matter interaction, a cluster‐expansion scheme is employed. The carrier–phonon coupling is treated non‐perturbatively within the polaron picture. Luminescence equations are derived, which produces phonon sidebands to arbitrary oder. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Improving mixing length‐scale for stable boundary layers
Authors: Grisogono B. , Belušić D. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractWe intend to improve the ‘z‐less’ mixing length‐scale for parametrization of turbulence in the stable atmospheric boundary layers (SABL). Since the SABL structures are far from being fully understood today, their parametrizations or explicit treatment are still usually very sketchy in most mesoscale and climate models. Typically an over‐diffusion through the SABL occurs in most numerical models. With the ‘z‐less’ mixing length‐scale proposed here the over‐diffusion is absent. In particular, the mesoscale model used gave results similar to those from an improved (calibrated) Prandtl model, i.e. katabatic flow occupying the lower and more active part of the SABL developed in both models. The corresponding low‐level jet that is embedded in the strong near‐surface inversion appears similar in both models. Certain details vary, simply because of the very different nature of the models deployed. The results, that should be also valid for other types of SABL flows, could be used in different types of numerical modelling, parametrizations of the SABL, further development of analytical models and data interpretation. Copyright © 2008 Royal Meteorological Society
Robust output feedback learning control for induction motor servo drives
Authors: Tomei P. , Verrelli C. M. , Montanari M. , Tilli A. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThis paper addresses the output feedback tracking control problem for induction motor servo drives with mechanical uncertainties: rotor angle, rotor speed and stator currents are assumed to be available for feedback. A robust adaptive learning control is designed under the assumption that the reference profile for the rotor angle is periodic with known period: it ‘learns’ the periodic disturbance signal by identifying the Fourier coefficients of any truncated approximation; ℒ︁2 and ℒ︁∞ transient performances are guaranteed in the ‘learning phase’. It is shown that, for any motor initial condition belonging to an arbitrary given compact set, by properly setting the control parameters: (i) the rotor position and flux modulus tracking errors exponentially converge to residual sets, which may be arbitrarily reduced by increasing the number of terms in the truncated Fourier series; (ii) when the unknown periodic disturbance can be represented by a finite Fourier series, the rotor position and flux modulus tracking errors exponentially converge to zero. As in field oriented‐control, the control algorithm generates references for the magnetizing flux component and for the torque component of the stator current leading to significant simplifications for current‐fed motors. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Semiparametric modeling of repeated measurements under outcome‐dependent follow‐up
Authors: Bůžková Petra , Lumley Thomas 
Published: November 2008

AbstractIn regression analysis of repeated measurements that are taken at subject‐specific times, the availability of the outcome data may be related to the past outcome and to other measured variables that are not in the intended regression model. In this paper we propose a natural extension of the semiparametric regression procedure of Lin and Ying (J. Am. Stat. Assoc. 2001; 96:103–126) by building a class of ‘inverse‐intensity‐rate‐ratio’ weighted estimators that accommodate such outcome‐dependent follow‐up. The estimators have a closed form, are √n‐consistent, asymptotically normal, and do not require estimation of any infinite‐dimensional parameters. We give several simulations to demonstrate the estimator's performance and show a sensitivity study under follow‐up with various degrees of dependence on outcome‐related variables. We illustrate our approach using data from a randomized health services research study with noncompliance to scheduled visits. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Funds of knowledge and discourses and hybrid space
Authors: Barton Angela Calabrese , Tan Edna 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe findings reported on in this manuscript emerged from a design experiment conducted at a low‐income urban middle school intended to support the teacher in incorporating pedagogical practices supportive of students' everyday knowledge and practices during a 6th grade unit on food and nutrition from the LiFE curriculum. In studying the impact of the design experiment we noticed qualitative shifts in classroom Discourse marked by a changing role and understandings of the funds of knowledge students brought to science learning. Using qualitative data and grounded theory we present an analysis of the different types of funds of knowledge and Discourse that students brought into science class. We focus on how the students' strategic use of these funds augmented the learning experience of the students and the learning community as well as the learning outcomes. We discuss the implications these funds of knowledge and Discourses had on the development of three related third space transformations: physical, political, and pedagogical. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 46: 50–73, 2009
Neurodevelopmental outcome in 2‐year‐old infants who were small‐for‐gestational age term fetuses with cerebral blood flow redistribution
Authors: Eixarch E. , Meler E. , Iraola A. , Illa M. , Crispi F. , Hernandez‐Andrade E. , Gratacos E. , Figueras F. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the neurodevelopmental outcome at 2 years of age of children who had been small‐for‐gestational‐age (SGA) term babies with cerebral blood flow redistribution.MethodsPerinatal outcome was assessed in a cohort of 97 term singleton appropriate‐for‐gestational‐age and 125 term singleton SGA fetuses with normal umbilical artery Doppler, stratified according to the presence of cerebral blood flow redistribution. Neurodevelopmental outcome was assessed prospectively at 2 years of age by means of the 24‐month Age & Stage Questionnaire (ASQ).ResultsOf the 125 SGA fetuses, 25 had redistribution of the cerebral blood flow, and 100 did not. There were no significant differences in perinatal outcome between these two SGA groups. At 2 years of age, children who had been SGA fetuses with middle cerebral artery (MCA) pulsatility index (PI) < 5th centile had a higher incidence of suboptimal neurodevelopmental outcome compared with those with normal MCA‐PI (52% vs. 31%; P = 0.049) and a lower mean centile in communication (53.1 vs. 67.4; P = 0.006) and problem‐solving (39.7 vs. 47.4; P = 0.04) areas.ConclusionSGA fetuses with cerebral blood flow redistribution have a higher risk of subtle neurodevelopmental deficits at 2 years of age. This challenges the concept that fetal cerebral redistribution is an entirely protective mechanism and suggests MCA‐PI as a risk stratifying factor for adverse neurodevelopmental outcome. Copyright © 2008 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Flow differences between endometrial polyps and cancer: a prospective study using intravenous contrast‐enhanced transvaginal color flow Doppler and three‐dimensional power Doppler ultrasound
Authors: Lieng M. , Qvigstad E. , Dahl G. F. , Istre O. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate whether assessment of blood flow by transvaginal color Doppler and three‐dimensional power Doppler imaging, enhanced by intravenous contrast, may be useful in the differentiation between benign endometrial polyps and endometrial cancer.MethodsA prospective study was performed comparing 17 women with benign endometrial polyps and 17 women with endometrial cancer. Transvaginal color Doppler and three‐dimensional power Doppler angiography were performed before and after injection of intravenous contrast. The pulsatility index (PI) and the resistance index (RI) of the polyp feeding vessel or central vessel in malignant lesions, as well as the power Doppler endometrial flow indices vascularization index (VI), flow index (FI) and vascularization flow index (VFI), were calculated before and after enhancement by contrast, and compared between the two groups of women.ResultsPI (mean difference ± SD, 0.68 ± 0.22; 95% CI, 0.23–1.13;P= 0.004) and RI (mean difference ± SD, 0.16 ± 0.08; 95% CI, 0.00–0.32;P= 0.045) were significantly lower in vessels of malignant tumors than in those of benign endometrial polyps after enhancement by intravenous contrast. No significant differences in PI, RI, VI, FI or VFI before enhancement by contrast, or in VI, FI or VFI after enhancement by contrast, were detected between women with endometrial polyps and those with endometrial cancer.ConclusionsTransvaginal color Doppler examination enhanced by intravenous contrast may help to discriminate between benign endometrial polyps and cancer. Larger studies are required to confirm these findings. Copyright © 2008 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The levator–urethra gap measurement: a more objective means of determining levator avulsion?
Authors: Dietz H. P. , Abbu A. , Shek K. L. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractObjectivesLevator avulsion, a common childbirth‐related traumatic abnormality of this muscle, is characterized by a widened gap between the muscle insertion and urethra. This study assessed the use of four‐dimensional ultrasound imaging to measure the levator–urethra gap (LUG) in order to identify avulsion.MethodsIn a retrospective study, we reviewed the records of 118 women seen for clinical assessment and imaging. Axial plane tomographic ultrasound slices were obtained at intervals of 2.5 mm. The distance between the center of the urethra and the levator insertion was measured, blinded to clinical data, and the results were analyzed with reference to the diagnosis on palpation. An interobserver agreement analysis was conducted on 20 randomly selected patients included in the study.ResultsA defect had been palpated in 19/116 women (16%) with complete datasets. LUG measurements were significantly higher in women who had been diagnosed with a levator avulsion on palpation (mean ± SD, 27.6 ± 6.7 mm vs. 19.7 ± 3.4 mm; P < 0.001). The interobserver intraclass correlation coefficient for LUG measurement was good (0.71; 95% CI, 0.61–0.79). Receiver–operating characteristics analysis suggested a cut‐off of 25 mm, with a sensitivity of 63% and a specificity of 94%, for the diagnosis of levator avulsion injury.ConclusionsThe measurement of LUG is reproducible and strongly associated with levator avulsion trauma diagnosed on vaginal palpation. A cut‐off of 25 mm may be used for the diagnosis of levator avulsion injury. Copyright © 2008 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Do Concomitant Ascites Influence the Effectiveness of Palliative Surgical Management of Pleural Effusion in Patients with Malignancies?
Authors: Gross Jefferson Luiz , DiSanzio Tatiana Guilherme , Younes Riad Naim , Haddad Fabio José , da Silva Rodrigo Afonso , Avertano Antonio Bomfim Marçal 
Published: November 2008

AbstractBackgroundBoth pleural and peritoneal effusions are associated with dismal prognosis for patients with malignancies. Pleural effusion often requires surgical palliative management to relieve symptoms. The aim of this study was assess the influence of concomitancy of ascites on the success rate of surgical management of pleural effusion in patients with solid malignancies.MethodsWe retrospectively identified 33 patients with different primary malignancies, who underwent palliative surgical treatment for pleural effusion with concomitant ascites. The success rate of pleural effusion management was compared to that of a control group of patients with pleural effusion without ascites.ResultsOvarian and breast cancer were the most common primary sites in the group of patients with pleural and peritoneal effusions. Thoracocentesis was performed in 30 patients with concomitant ascites and in 29 patients without ascites. The median number of thoracocentesis procedures was two in both groups of patients. Talc pleurodesis was performed in 57.6 and 63.3% of patients with and without ascites, respectively. The success rate of pleurodesis was 68.4 and 71.9% for patients with and without concomitant ascites (P = 0.92), respectively. There was no significant difference in the median length of time of the chest tube placement between the two groups (with ascites, 6 days; without ascites, 5 days, P = 0.38). The overall survival was 5.6 months for patients with ascites and 7.8 months for patients without ascites (P = 0.51).ConclusionOur results suggest that concomitant ascites did not influence the effectiveness of palliative surgical management of pleural effusion in patients with malignancies.
Stream‐dwelling Dolly Varden (Salvelinus malma) density and habitat characteristics in stream sections installed with low‐head dams in the Shiretoko Peninsula, Hokkaido, Japan
Authors: Kishi Daisuke , Maekawa Koji 
Published: November 2008

AbstractNumerous low‐head dams have been constructed for erosion control and installed in almost all mountainous streams in Japan. Shiretoko Peninsula, Hokkaido, is considered as one of the most intact areas in Japan, however, more than 331 low‐head dams have been installed in 39 streams of the peninsula since the 1960s. In this study, the density of stream‐dwelling Dolly Varden (Salvelinus malma) and the habitat characteristics in dam‐installed sections were investigated in Shiretoko streams and compared with unaltered sections in which no dams have been installed as a reference. Fish density in dam‐installed sections was significantly lower than reference sections. Canopy cover, maximum temperature, wetted width, frequencies of pebble, bedrock and boulder, and areas of rapid, glide and riffle was significantly differed between dam‐installed and reference sections. High stream temperature, occurrence of glides, and loss of boulder in dam‐installed sections may reduce the suitability of habitats for fish and minimize the population size. We suggest that negative effects of dam installations on Dolly Varden populations have occurred in Shiretoko streams.
Enhancing Solar Cell Efficiencies through 1-D Nanostructures
Authors: Yu Kehan , Chen Junhong 
Published: November 2008

Abstract
The current global energy problem can be attributed to insufficient fossil fuel supplies and excessive greenhouse gas emissions resulting from increasing fossil fuel consumption. The huge demand for clean energy potentially can be met by solar-to-electricity conversions. The large-scale use of solar energy is not occurring due to the high cost and inadequate efficiencies of existing solar cells. Nanostructured materials have offered new opportunities to design more efficient solar cells, particularly one-dimensional (1-D) nanomaterials for enhancing solar cell efficiencies. These 1-D nanostructures, including nanotubes, nanowires, and nanorods, offer significant opportunities to improve efficiencies of solar cells by facilitating photon absorption, electron transport, and electron collection; however, tremendous challenges must be conquered before the large-scale commercialization of such cells. This review specifically focuses on the use of 1-D nanostructures for enhancing solar cell efficiencies. Other nanostructured solar cells or solar cells based on bulk materials are not covered in this review. Major topics addressed include dye-sensitized solar cells, quantum-dot-sensitized solar cells, and p-n junction solar cells.
Pedestrian Malls, Local Government and Free Speech Policy in Australia
Authors: Gelber Katharine 
Published: November 2008

Abstract
Since the 1992 free speech cases in the High Court, which elucidated an implied freedom of political communication in the Australian Constitution, the application of the freedom to speech policy has been seldom explored. This paper examines the scope of the freedom from the perspective of struggles over policy coherence and implementation. I first analyse selected High Court judgments referring to the freedom to establish its scope. Within this context, the regulation of pedestrian malls, both before and after the development of the constitutional doctrine is examined. The evidence suggests that pedestrian malls are regulated by local councils in a manner which restricts free expression on political matters in far-ranging ways. I conclude by highlighting continuities in the practice of speech policy before and after the development of the constitutional doctrine, outlining the limitations of current speech policy despite the elucidation of the constitutional freedom, and arguing that the freedom of political communication currently extant in the Australian polity is partial and unsatisfactory. These conclusions demonstrate policy inconsistency and difficulties in policy implementation of the High Court doctrine.
Mainstreaming and Neoliberalism: A Contested Relationship
Authors: Bacchi Carol , Eveline Joan 
Published: November 2008

Abstract
The paper offers a comparative analysis of dominant mainstreaming and gender analysis frameworks to consider the nature of the relationship between these equality initiatives and neoliberalism. We challenge the portrayal of mainstreaming as necessarily resistant to neoliberalism, and show how dominant forms of mainstreaming illustrate characteristics congruent with neoliberal premises and policy agendas. Our particular concern is the extent to which some forms of mainstreaming and gender analysis are unable to put in question neoliberal premises because of their ex post character. For this reason we describe the relationship as contested. Our goal is to identify ways to strengthen the potential of mainstreaming initiatives to step outside of and critique neoliberalism's strategic norms. To advance this objective we offer some first steps towards producing gender analysis as an ex ante intervention. Significantly, we suggest that effective implementation requires a focus on policy's creative (active) role in constructing “problems” and in shaping gender relations.
Gender Politics and Public Policy Making: Prospects for Advancing Gender Equality
Authors: Schofield Toni , Goodwin Susan 
Published: November 2008

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to stimulate a re-envisioning of gender politics in public policy making by applying a new approach to understanding them. Our approach is based on, and illustrated by, a study of gender dynamics in policy-making processes in the NSW public sector in Australia. The study draws on theoretical developments in the sociological study of gender arrangements in large organisations. Central to the analysis is the concept of gender regime (Connell 2002). The study finds that gender dynamics in policy making are not played out in a uniform and generalised way that stifles opportunities for resistance and change. Nor, however, are they random and contingent. There are various structures of gendered policy-making practice that suggest both possibilities for, and obstacles to, the advancement of gender equality in policy making. Based on these findings, the paper proposes a new method and language for studying, and advancing change in, gender and policy making in public sector settings.
The Gendered Impact on Organisations of a Critical Mass of Women in Senior Management
Authors: Chesterman Colleen , Ross-Smith Anne , Peters Margaret 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThis paper reports on the findings of a recent Australia-wide empirical study that investigated the impact of the presence of senior women executives on management cultures. The study involved interviews with 255 senior executives in Australian organisations from the higher education, public and private sectors. It sought to analyse gendered organisational practices and procedures embedded within such cultures. We found that both men and women clearly agreed that the presence of women in senior roles had changed management cultures and influenced methods of decision-making. Yet we also found that the influences that women were seen to have on management cultures were often described in terms that reinforced traditional gender stereotypes. The paper argues that valuing management based upon traits and orientations traditionally associated with women and “the feminine” has the potential to further engender inequality at senior levels in organisations.
Undoing Men's Privilege and Advancing Gender Equality in Public Sector Institutions
Authors: Flood Michael , Pease Bob 
Published: November 2008

Abstract
Discrimination against women in public sector organisations has been the focus of considerable research in recent years. While much of this literature acknowledges the structural basis of gender inequality, strategies for change are often focused on anti-discrimination policies, equal employment opportunities and diversity management. Discriminatory behaviour is often individualised in these interventions and the larger systems of dominance and subordination are ignored. The flipside of gender discrimination, we argue, is the privileging of men. The lack of critical interrogation of men's privilege allows men to reinforce their dominance. In this paper we offer an account of gender inequalities and injustices in public sector institutions in terms of privilege. The paper draws on critical scholarship on men and masculinities and an emergent scholarship on men's involvement in the gender relations of workplaces and organisations, to offer both a general account of privilege and an application of this framework to the arena of public sector institutions and workplaces in general.