bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Large-scale serial replacement of invasive tench (Tinca tinca) by invasive carp (Cyprinus carpio) in the Murray-Darling River system, Australia
Authors: Caley Peter , Hill Matt P , Stuart Ivor , Duncan Richard P , Forsyth David M 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Ecosystems worldwide are increasingly being invaded by multiple species, and the rate of biological invasion is accelerating, leading to more interactions among invasive species. One such interaction that has received little attention is the phenomenon of ‘serial replacement’ or ‘over-invasion’, where an established invasive species is supplanted by a second invasive species. Understanding this interaction is important as controlling the second species could inadvertently lead to an increase in the abundance of the first species. We used a hierarchical state-space model to analyse changes in annual abundances (commercial catch-per-unit-effort) of two invasive fish species, the tench (Tinca tinca) and the common carp (Cyprinus carpio), in the Murray-Darling River system (MDRS), Australia between 1954–2002. Tench were present at low abundances until the mid-1970s, after which they declined to the point of no commercial catch post-1989. The rapid decline in tench coincided with a significant increase in carp abundance, suggesting that carp may have driven the tench decline, consistent with findings from European studies that show substantial dietary overlap between these species and the disappearance of tench from ponds with intensive carp farming. While carp were present in the MDRS for the duration of the study, the rapid increase in carp abundance in the early 1970s coincided with the introduction of a specific genetic lineage – the “Boolarra strain” of carp. Our analysis of long-term changes in invasive fish species abundances provides compelling evidence of serial replacement of long-established tench by invading common carp triggered by the introduction of a novel carp strain.
Comparison of orbital structures between age-related distance esotropia and acute acquired concomitant esotropia using magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Kim Jin Hee , Shin Hyun Jin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

This study aimed to compare orbital Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) findings of age-related distance esotropia (ARDE) against age-matched healthy controls and acute acquired concomitant esotropia (AACE) patients. In this retrospective study, we analyzed the coronal MRI images of 9 ARDE patients, 8 AACE patients, 13 elderly controls, and 12 young controls. We measured the (1) displacement angles of the lateral rectus (LR) and medial rectus (MR), (2) LR tilting angle, (3) ratio of the MR to LR cross-sectional area, and (4) superior rectus downward displacement ratio (SDR). ARDE patients showed significant LR sagging compared to elderly controls by 5.1° (p = 0.048), with no significant LR displacement in AACE versus young controls. ARDE patients also had marked LR tilting compared to all groups. Additionally, the ARDE and AACE groups exhibited a greater MR/LR area ratio than their controls by 26% (p = 0.002) and 27% (p = 0.001), indicating a horizontal rectus muscle imbalance. Additionally, SDR values were higher in ARDE and elderly controls, suggesting a proximity of superior rectus muscle to the globe as an age-related alteration. The findings demonstrate that ARDE is characterized by unique orbital changes, particularly in the LR, distinguishing it from AACE. The observed increase in the MR/LR area ratio among the esotropia groups points to a horizontal rectus imbalance. These MRI-based insights advance our understanding of the distinct pathophysiological mechanisms underlying these conditions.
Clinical outcome analysis of two approaches to trypan blue dyeing for DMEK
Authors: Donner Ruth , Aschauer Julia , Schmidinger Gerald 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: To evaluate the clinical implications of the different trypan blue dyeing techniques used during liquid bubble (LBT) and manual peel (MPT) DMEK lenticule preparation techniques.
Methods: This study retrospectively compared the degree to which endothelial cells are preserved using selective Descemet Membrane (DM) staining (LBT) versus bath-staining (MPT) when performed by a single surgeon, sourced from a single eye bank.
Results: Endothelial cell density measured after the 3-month follow-up was 1805 and 1916 cells/mm2 respectively, differing significantly (p= 0.012). A double-scroll graft formation was found and maintained until implantation in 94% of preparations with bath staining and 50% of preparations using selective DM staining. Preoperative visual acuity was comparable between preparation techniques at 0.4 logMAR as well as postoperatively, at an average of 0.1 logMAR.
Conclusions: Reducing chemical stress on the endothelium by avoiding any contact with trypan blue allows for a significantly higher degree of cell preservation. However, achieving the often-desired double-scroll graft formation was possible less frequently. It remains unclear which factors define the differences graft scrolling behavior observed between LBT and MPT.
Effects of different irrigation patterns on paddy field environment and rice growth in non-water-retaining areas
Authors: Siyu Wang , Xuemei Sun , Mo Chen 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

In order to find the optimal irrigation mode to balance the growth and development of rice and water-saving irrigation in paddy fields in non-water-retaining areas, the non-water-retaining areas were selected in this experiment. Three water-saving irrigation modes were set up: shallow irrigation when there was no aquifer on the field(QS), shallow irrigation when the soil moisture content reached the lower limit(QSG), and deep irrigation when the soil moisture content reached the lower limit(SSG). The spearman correlation coefficient method was used to analyze the influence of water temperature on soil temperature in different soil layers, and the changes of nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen were monitored by ultraviolet spectrophotometry, and the growth and development of rice at different growth stages were observed. The results showed that the temperature of paddy field showed better heat transfer under shallow irrigation with moderate water control, nitrogen loss was reduced during shallow irrigation, and rice growth and development depended on irrigation frequency. Therefore, the irrigation mode of 'frequent irrigation and less irrigation' is recommended for planting rice without water retention. Compared with QSG and SSG, the growth rate of plant height in QS mode was increased by 0.46 cm/d and 0.32 cm/d compared with QSG and SSG mode, respectively, the number of tillers increased by 0.27 and 0.20 plants/(hole·d) in the middle and late tillering stages,and yield increased by 45.61% and 40.53%. In the key growth period of rice, the irrigation frequency should be increased to reach the lower limit of irrigation in time, so as to meet the water demand of rice, promote the growth and development of rice, and promote the growth and yield of rice under the joint action of water, heat and fertilizer.
WITHDRAWN: Evaluation of the relationship between earthquake-induced post-traumatic stress disorder and tooth wear
Authors: Öcal Fikri , Talmaç Ayşe Gül Öner , Zayman Esra Porgalı , Şimşek Enis 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to was to evaluate the effects of earthquake-induced post traumatic stress disorder on tooth wear and oral hygiene of individuals.
Method: The study was conducted in a single centre and included 200 patients aged 18-70 years. The gender and age profile of the study participants was balanced. Voluntary consent forms were obtained from the participants and evaluated by a single operator. Post-traumatic Stress Disorder inventory (PTSD), Smith and Knight Tooth Wear Index and Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S) were applied during the evaluation. Mann Whitney U test and Pearson Chi-Square Test were used to evaluate the data obtained. Bonferroni Corrected Z Test was applied for multiple comparisons.
Results: In general, tooth wear was observed in all participants. The most common tooth wear surfaces were occlusal and cervical surfaces. The PTSD scores of the group which had experienced an earthquake were higher than those of the group which had not experienced an earthquake. There was no significant correlation between PTSD scores and tooth wear scores (p>0.05). The group with higher PTSD scores and those which had experienced an earthquake had significantly higher OHI-S scores (p<0.001). In the evaluation made according to gender, women's OHI-S scores were higher in the groups which had experienced an earthquake and in the groups who did not experience an earthquake. Individuals over 35 years of age had higher tooth wear scores and OHI-S scores than individuals under 35 years of age (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Psychological stress in patients with post-traumatic stress symptoms was not found to cause direct non-caries wear on tooth surfaces. The high OHI-S scores obtained from the earthquake survivor group indicate that post-earthquake stress and changed lifestyle reduce oral care.
Assessing the Causal Relationships Between Lipid Species and Stroke by Using Mendelian Randomization
Authors: WANG SHIQI , Zhang Hao , Hui Xiao-shan , Zhang Qi , Chen Rubing , Xie Fei 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Circulating lipids and changes in lipid profiles have long been associated with the development of stroke but causal relationships remain unclear.In this study, we aimed to assess the causal relationships between lipid species and multiple stroke phenotypes to inform stroke prevention and treatment strategies. We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis using data from genome-wide association studies. The primary method for causal assessment was inverse variance weighting (IVW), complemented by the MR-Egger, weighted median, and weighted mode methods. Sensitivity analyses, based on MR-Egger, MR-PRESSO, and Cochran’s Q statistics, were also applied to reinforce the results. In total, potential causality was observed for 133 pairs of lipids with stroke types(P < 0.05). After multiple testing correction (PFDR < 0.05), causal associations remained for 10 pairs of lipids, including specific sterol esters and phosphatidylcholines, with various stroke subtypes. These findings demonstrate the significant role of genetically determined lipid profiles in stroke pathogenesis. Further research is needed to establish whether these biomarkers can be used for stroke prevention or treatment.
MdABCI17 acts as a positive regulator to enhance apple resistance to Botryosphaeria dothidea
Authors: Xiang Ying , Zhao Yuwen , Wu Jingjing , Bai Xue , Wang Chukun , Ma Changning , Sun Quan , Hu Dagang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The ATP-binding cassette (ABC) superfamily is involved in numerous complex biological processes. However, the understanding of ABCs in plant pathogen defense, particularly against Botryosphaeria dothidea (B. dothidea), remains limited. In this study, we identified MdABCI17 that plays a positive role in apple resistance to B. dothidea. Overexpression of MdABCI17 significantly enhanced the resistance of apple calli and fruits to B. dothidea. Our findings revealed that the jasmonic acid (JA) content and the expression of genes associated with JA biosynthesis and signal transduction were higher in stable MdABCI17-overexpressing apple calli than that of wild-type after inoculation with B. dothidea. Similar results were obtained for apple fruits with transient overexpression of MdABCI17. Our research indicates that MdABCI17 enhances apple resistance to B. dothidea through the JA signaling pathway. We further determined that MdABCI17 plays a crucial role in the apple’s response to JA signaling. Moreover, exogenous methyl jasmonate (MeJA) treatment significantly enhanced the effectiveness of MdABCI17 in boosting apple resistance to B. dothidea. We proposed a positive feedback regulatory loop between MdABCI17-mediated apple resistance to B. dothidea and JA signal. In summary, our study offers new insights into the role of ABC superfamily members in the control of plant disease resistance.
AI-based body composition score predicts survival after liver transplantation
Authors: Malamutmann Eugen , Vershinina Ksenia , Koitka Sven , Jaradat Derar , Schmitz Sophia M. , Haubold Johannes , Neumann Ulf , Nensa Felix , Oezcelik Arzu 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Importance: Recent studies have shown that the body composition can significantly predict survival in patients with malignant diseases. This study aims to evaluate the importance of body composition for predicting short- and long-term survival after liver transplantation.
Design, Setting, and Participants: Body composition of all patients who underwent liver transplantation between January 2010 and December 2022 was assessed fully automated with artificial intelligence (AI) based technique. Clinical data such as demographic data and pre-, intra- and postoperative data were retrospectively reported. Uni- and multivariate regression analyses were performed to identify independent prognostic factors for survival.
Results: There were 346 patients with a mean age of 52.2 years (SD 10.8) and a mean BMI of 26.4 kg/m2 (SD 4.8) included in this study. The univariate and multivariate cox regression analyses identified the ratio of the subcutaneous fat volume to muscle volume (FSM-ratio) as well as the ratio of the visceral fat volume to muscle volume (FVM-ratio) as significant prognostic parameter for the overall survival.
Conclusion: Based on the results of our study we can conclude that the FVM-ratio has an essential impact on overall survival after liver transplantation. The fully automated AI based assessment is fast, accurate and investigator independent.
Effects of High Frequency Chest Wall Oscillation (HFCWO) on Clinical Symptoms in COPD
Authors: Bruner Meaghan M , Bazan Clarissa , Liu Bo , Cheng Christina , Chad Marion , Sievert Chet , Edwards Lloyd , Solomon George M. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: Mucociliary clearance plays a critical role in pulmonary host defense. Abnormal mucociliary clearance contributes to the pathogenesis of pulmonary disorders, including COPD. In bronchiectasis, treatments targeting mucus obstruction in the airways include the use of high frequency chest wall oscillation (HFCWO) therapy. This prospective outcome based study was designed to investigate the changes in symptoms and quality of life (QOL) to measure the effect of adjunctive HFCWO therapy to standard of care therapy for patients with COPD.
Research Question: When HFCWO is indicated and used as intended, will the quality of life for those patients with COPD improve and sustain improvement.
Study Design and Methods: We conducted a prospective, openl-label, observational study in COPD patients without concomitant bronchiectasis. Participants had assessments of QOL at baseline (day 0) and then at 30 and 90 days after initiation of HFCWO therapy. The St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire for COPD Patients (SGRQ-C) was employed and longitudinally followed at each timepoint. Paired t-tests were used to compare means between each time points adjusted for multiple comparisons. A linear mixed model for the analysis of longitudinal data was then constructed to determine the simultaneous contribution of race, gender, ethnicity, time, and selected interactions in the primary outcome of change in SGRQ-C across 0, 30, and 90 days .
Results: The cohort of patients (n=102) demonstrated a significant reduction in the SGRQ-C at 30 and sustained at 90 days compared to baseline. In addition, two component scores of the SGRQ-C questionnaire (“Symptoms” and Impacts”) were significantly reduced at 30 and 90 days.
Interpretation: This prospective, observational study demonstrates statistically significant and clinically favorable responses to HFCWO as an adjunctive therapy for patients with a primary diagnosis of COPD without concomitant bronchiectasis. Results of this study inform the design of additional additional studies of HFCWO to prove efficacy inCOPD patients.
Comparison of Oral Conditions between the Macuxi and Yanomami Indigenous Ethnicities: a observational study in Brazil.
Authors: Roman-Torres Caio Vinicius G. , Pallos Debora , Boaventura Richardson Mondego , Kussaba Sergio Tadashi , Cruz Doralice Severo da , Sendyk Wilson Roberto 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objectives: In the stateof Roraima, Brazil, there are indigenous populations with cultural habits and ethnic characteristics that differ from those of the nonindigenouspopulation. Changes in the oral health of indigenous people, such as periodontal disease, caries lesions and occlusal wear, are objects of study for obtainingoral health indicators, as they significantly impact the health of this population;thus, they arefundamental for public health policies. Our objective was to compare the oral conditionsof indigenous people of the Yanomamis (YAN) and Macuxis (MAC) ethnicities in the State of Roraima.
Methods: A total of 148 indigenous people were evaluated; 83 (53.50%) YAN and 65 (46.50%) MAC individuals presented at the indigenous health house. DMFT indices, periodontal indicesand the occlusal wear index (BEWE), including eating habits, were measuredby two calibrated examiners.
Results: Significant differences were found regarding DMFT, with higher values ​​for MAC individuals than forYAN individuals(P<0.05). According tothe periodontal evaluation, there was a significantly greater probing depth (PS) in YAN individuals over 35 years of age. For the plaque index (PI), there were greatervalues ​​for YAN individuals, with a significant difference for all groups compared. Regarding eating habits, YAN individuals consumedsignificantly more native food, whereas MAC individuals consumedpredominantly industrialized food. When evaluating the BEWE index, no statistically significant difference was observed between the ethnicities.
Conclusion: The difference in eating habits between ethnicities may have influenced the difference in the DMFT index. Periodontal indices are affected by poor oral hygiene, and oral hygiene instruction and guidance are necessary and could help reduce the incidenceof caries and periodontal disease.
A method for constructing the weighted mean temperature grid model considering the hourly near-surface temperature lapse rate in GNSS PWV
Authors: Yue Caiya , Wang Hu , Hu Liya , Xu Changhui , Dang Yamin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Weighted mean temperature (Tm) serves as a crucial parameter in converting tropospheric zenith wet delay into precipitable water vapor in global navigation satellite system meteorology. Different from the traditional strategy, this study developed a new method of atmospheric Tm grid model construction with high precision and high spatiotemporal resolution while taking into account the hourly near-surface air temperature lapse rates (NSTLR). Core research contents include the regional hourly NSTLR estimation and Tm grid model establishment. This proposed method was validated and analyzed using measured data from 109 meteorological stations in Shandong Province, located in eastern China. The result shows that compared with the correction by environmental lapse rate, the overall accuracy of the Tm grid model established by the hourly NSTLR correction can be improved by about 10.3% and 19.4%, respectively, when Tm reference values calculated based on the measured temperature and ERA5 reanalysis data were used. Furthermore, statistics show that for the Taishan Station with the highest altitude (1543 meters), the accuracy can be increased by 21.1% and 28.7%, respectively. Therefore, the proposed method is of great practical significance for the Tm construction by using ground-based meteorological observation, especially for the areas with large terrain changes.
Effect of solasodine on mast cell-mediated OVA (ovalbumin)- induced airway inflammation in asthma via the Fyn-Lyn-Syk pathway
Authors: Guo Zhen , Zhao Cuixiang , Fang Yanni , Yue Xiuxuan , Wang Qiuxia , Qu Changhua , Cui Jinpeng 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Current clinical asthma therapeutic drugs can produce a series of adverse effects when used for a long period of time or in high doses, so it is urgent to find new therapeutic strategies. Solasodine can inhibit ovalbumin (OVA)-induced type II inflammation in mice, but the mechanism is still unclear. Mast cell (MCs) degranulation is an important part of allergic reactions, and Src family kinases (SFKs) are involved in the activation of the initiation signal of MC degranulation, and Lyn, Fyn, and Syk among SFKs play important regulatory roles in MC degranulation. Regulation of SFKs can inhibit the MC degranulation process and suppress the occurrence of allergic reactions. Here, we explored the effects of solasodine on OVA-induced asthma in mice and MC-mediated allergic reactions. Methods: Mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs) cells were added with different concentrations (0, 2, 4, 6, 8,10, 12 and 14 µM) of solasodine to select the appropriate concentration. In transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 treatment of BMMCs, cells were treated with 10 µM solasodine or dexamethasone (Dex), respectively, to analyze the possible mechanisms of action. A mouse model of bronchial asthma was constructed, and the mice were divided into control, OVA, OVA + Dex, OVA + solasodine (1 mg/kg) and OVA + solasodine (10 mg/kg) groups. The histopathological changes in the lungs of the mice were observed by staining with HE, Masson, and Tunel staining. ELISA assay was used to detect the differences between bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and serum. IL-4, IL-5, IL-1β, TNF-α and LTD-4 levels were detected by ELISA. BALF inflammatory cells were detected by Wright staining and P-Fyn, P-Lyn and P-Syk protein expression in lung tissues were detected by Western blot. Results: In TGF-β1-induced BMMCs, solasodine significantly reduced the expression of P-Fyn, P-Lyn, and P-Syk, decreased the expression of cytokines IL-6, TNF-α, and LTC4 and calcium uptake, as well as inhibited mast cell degranulation. In ova mice, solasodine inhibited OVA-induced airway remodeling, production of IL-4, IL-5, IL-1β, TNF-α, and LTD-4, and degranulation of mast cells in asthmatic mice. Solasodine inhibited the activation of Fyn, Lyn, and Sky and reduced the number of inflammatory cells such as eosinophils, lymphocytes, and neutrophils in lung tissues of asthmatic mice. Conclusion: In this study, we found that solasodine could have a concentration-dependent therapeutic effect on OVA-induced allergic asthma, and solasodine could inhibit the release of mast cell degranulation signature mediator β-HEX and histamine, and the molecular mechanism of its efficacy might be related to its regulation of the intracellular calcium concentration and the IgE/FcεRI-mediated signaling pathways such as P-Fyn/Fyn, P-Lyn/Lyn, P-Syk/Syk, and etc.