bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Awareness of Oral Cancer among Patients at a Tertiary Dental Care Center
Authors: A.G Deepa , G. Indu , S. Sudha , Nair Resmi G. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Objective Awareness of etiology and clinical presentation of oral cancer among general population would help in the early detection of oral cancer and a favorable outcome for the patients. The aim of the present study was to assess the awareness regarding oral cancer among patients of a tertiary dental care center.
Material and Methods A cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted among patients of a tertiary dental care center using a self-administered questionnaire comprising of 18 questions to assess the awareness related to risk factors, clinical presentation, and treatment options. Data was entered in MS Excel and analyzed using SPSS software version 28. Descriptive statistics was used to summarize the data and percentage of patients responding to various options in questions. Association between variables was assessed by chi-square test. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered significant.
Results A total of 325 dental patients responded to the questionnaire. Tobacco smoking and chewing were identified well as risk factors by almost all respondents; however, alcohol, human papillomavirus, and poor oral hygiene were less identified. Statistically significant differences were observed in the people's awareness of oral cancer based on various sociodemographic variables.
Conclusion The patients had a basic awareness of oral cancer. However, they had limited knowledge on risk factors other than tobacco. Knowledge has to be improved on risk factors other than tobacco. Patient's level of awareness also varied based on socioeconomic differences among them. Oral cancer awareness programs conducted at the primary health center level may ensure proper awareness in the general population which could enable prevention and/or early detection of such conditions.
Evaluating the effectiveness of training of managerial and non-managerial bank employees using Kirkpatrick’s model for evaluation of training
Authors: Bahl Kayenaat , Kiran Ravi , Sharma Anupam 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis research employs Kirkpatrick’s model, to assess the efficacy of training programmes for managerial and non-managerial employees in the banking sector using all the four components i.e., Reaction, Learning, Behavior and Results. Data were collected from 402 respondents from public, private and foreign sector banks. SEM-PLS was used to determine the relationship between the levels of the Kirkpatrick’s model for the evaluation of the training programs of the baking sector. The results suggest that all the four levels are interlinked and Kirkpatrick model was effective to evaluate the impact of training programs on employee motivation and bank performance. Reactions of employees (stage 1) have enhanced knowledge, and skills and has a positive and significant influence on learning (stage 2) and Behavior through job performance (stage 3) has a positive impact on results (stage 4). The results reflected that the adjusted R2 = 0.732 of the managerial level is more than that of the non-managerial level (R2 = 0.571). This indicates that the training is more effective on the Managerial level than the Non-Managerial level and that the managerial employees are more skilled and experienced in their jobs. The study is novel and one of the initial contributions to apply Kirkpatrick’s model to banking sector in India.
Between commons and anticommons: a nested common-private interface framework
Authors: Li Wenjun , Kerven Carol 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe collapse of the former Soviet Union signaled failure of large-scale experiment in communitarian property. Privatization reform consequently was taken as the start point to transfer the planned economy to a market economy by the post socialist countries. This also occurred in economic transition countries such as China. However, in overcoming the tragedy of the commons privatization might create anticommons problems. Here we develop a nested common-private interface framework from the perspective of resource system and resource units and apply this framework to explain reforms of rangeland property in China and Kyrgyzstan. We confirmed that the root of the dilemma, either caused by commons or anticommons, can be attributed to the interface mismatch between individual elements and common elements. Trying to overcome the dilemma by changing property arrangements alone cannot eliminate the incentive mismatch caused by the common-private interface. Institutions aimed at alleviating the mismatch are accordingly required. Theoretically, this framework converts Ostrom’s concept of commons into liberal commons that the members have options to exit, which is becoming increasingly common in the current global context of marketization. In the real world, this framework can serve to understand the property reform progress of transition countries, and may enlighten future property reforms.
The development, shortcomings and future improvement of punitive damages for environmental torts in China—a reflection and comparative research
Authors: An Ran , Zhou Ying , Zhang Rongzhao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn the early 1990s, China introduced into its civil legal system the punitive damages system derived from the Anglo-American legal tradition, marking a significant legislative breakthrough among civil law countries. Currently, China is one of the countries with the greatest pressure to reduce emissions in the world, and more effective legal tools are needed for environmental governance. Therefore, in China’s Civil Code, which came into effect in January 2021, punitive damages for environmental torts were established, enabling the imposition of additional compensation for severe environmental pollution and ecological damage incidents and thus enhancing the deterrent effect of environmental laws. The construction of punitive damages for environmental torts in China has significant positive implications, but the provisions of the system are not perfect, leading to some confusion in its judicial practice. The United States has a very systematic and mature experience in the construction of punitive damages for environmental torts, which is worthy of reference for China. From a comparative research perspective, China’s punitive damages for environmental torts should particularly focus on issues such as expanding its scope of application, clarifying rules for determining compensation amounts, addressing issues of concurrent liability and optimizing related legislation.
Effects of glucose on survival, infectivity and linear movement of the cercariae of Echinostoma caproni
Authors: Ponder E.L. , Fried B. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe effects of glucose in artificial spring water (ASW) on the survival, infectivity, and linear movement of Echinostoma caproni cercariae were studied. Cercariae maintained at 23°C in 1% glucose in ASW (ASWG) or ASW alone, reached 50% survival at 26 and 23 h, respectively. All cercariae in ASWG and ASW were dead by 50 and 32 h, respectively. Infectivity to juvenile Helisoma trivolvis (Colorado strain) snails was significantly less for cercariae aged 16 h in ASWG compared to cercariae aged 16 h in ASW. Linear movement, i.e. the ability of cercariae to traverse a 1-cm radius, ceased at 16 and 20 h for cercariae maintained in ASWG and ASW, respectively. Glucose added to ASW extended the survival time of E. caproni cercariae but decreased their ability to infect snails or move in a linear direction.
Experimental investigation of closed-loop active control to modulate coherent structures by mu-level method
Authors: Bai 白 Jian-Xia 建侠 , Fan 范 Zi-Ye 子椰 , Jiang 姜 Nan 楠 , Li 李 Qiu-Ying 秋营 , Zheng 郑 Xiao-Bo 小波 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The experimental research on zero-net-mass-flux jet closed-loop active control was conducted in the wind tunnel. The mu-level method successfully detected burst events of the coherent structures. The streamwise velocity signals in the turbulent boundary layer were measured by HWA. The drag reduction rate of 16.7% is obtained comparable to that of the open-loop control and saves 75% of the input energy at the asynchronous 100 V/160 Hz control case, which reflects the advantages of the closed-loop control. The experimental findings indicate that the intensity increases in the near-wall region. The perturbation of the PZT vibrators on the skewness factor is concentrated in the region y
+ < 60. The generation of high-speed fluids is depressed and the downward effect of high-speed fluids weakens. The alteration of energy distribution and the discernible impact of modulation between structures of varying scales are observed. The correlation coefficient exhibits a strong positive correlation, which indicates that the large-scale structures produce modulation effect on small-scale ones. The occurrence of burst events is effectively suppressed. The disturbance has the characteristics of stable periodicity, positive and negative symmetry, low intermittency, and high pulsation strength. The conditional phase waveform shows that the fluctuation amplitude increases, indicating amplitude modulation effects on coherent structures.
Model-driven CT reconstruction algorithm for nano-resolution x-ray phase contrast imaging
Authors: Tan 谭 Yuhang 雨航 , Cai 蔡 Xuebao 学宝 , Yang 杨 Jiecheng 杰成 , Su 苏 Ting 婷 , Zheng 郑 Hairong 海荣 , Liang 梁 Dong 栋 , Zhu 朱 Peiping 佩平 , Ge 葛 Yongshuai 永帅 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The low-density imaging performance of a zone plate-based nano-resolution hard x-ray computed tomography (CT) system can be significantly improved by incorporating a grating-based Lau interferometer. Due to the diffraction, however, the acquired nano-resolution phase signal may suffer splitting problem, which impedes the direct reconstruction of phase contrast CT (nPCT) images. To overcome, a new model-driven nPCT image reconstruction algorithm is developed in this study. In it, the diffraction procedure is mathematically modeled into a matrix
B
, from which the projections without signal splitting can be generated invertedly. Furthermore, a penalized weighted least-square model with total variation (PWLS-TV) is employed to denoise these projections, from which nPCT images with high accuracy are directly reconstructed. Numerical experiments demonstrate that this new algorithm is able to work with phase projections having any splitting distances. Moreover, results also reveal that nPCT images of higher signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) could be reconstructed from projections having larger splitting distances. In summary, a novel model-driven nPCT image reconstruction algorithm with high accuracy and robustness is verified for the Lau interferometer-based hard x-ray nano-resolution phase contrast imaging.
Quantum dynamics within curved thin layers with deviation
Authors: Cheng 程 Run 润 , Zhao 赵 Hao 浩 , Luo 罗 Cui-Bai 翠柏 , Zhou 周 Xuan 璇 , Wang 王 Bi-Li 必利 , Li 李 Yan-Biao 延标 , Wang 王 Jun 骏 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Combining the deviation between thin layers’ adjacent surfaces with the confining potential method applied to the quantum curved systems, we derive the effective Schrödinger equation describing the particle constrained within a curved layer, accompanied by a general geometric potential V
gq composed of a compression-corrected geometric potential

V

gq

*

and a novel potential

V

gq

*
*

brought by the deviation. Applying this analysis to the cylindrical layer emerges two types of deviation-induced geometric potential, resulting from the the cases of slant deviation and tangent deviation, respectively, which strongly renormalizes the purely geometric potential and contribute to the energy spectrum based on a very substantial deepening of bound states they offer.
Effect of Y element on atomic structure, glass forming ability, and magnetic properties of FeBC alloy
Authors: Xiao 肖 Jin-Hua 晋桦 , Ding 丁 Da-Wei 大伟 , Li 李 Lin 琳 , Sun 孙 Yi-Tao 奕韬 , Li 李 Mao-Zhi 茂枝 , Wang 汪 Wei-Hua 卫华 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The atomic structure of amorphous alloys plays a crucial role in determining both their glass-forming ability and magnetic properties. In this study, we investigate the influence of adding the Y element on the glass-forming ability and magnetic properties of Fe86−x
Y
x
B7C7 (x = 0, 5, 10 at.%) amorphous alloys via both experiments and ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. Furthermore, we explore the correlation between local atomic structures and properties. Our results demonstrate that an increased Y content in the alloys leads to a higher proportion of icosahedral clusters, which can potentially enhance both glass-forming ability and thermal stability. These findings have been experimentally validated. The analysis of the electron energy density and magnetic moment of the alloy reveals that the addition of Y leads to hybridization between Y-4d and Fe-3d orbitals, resulting in a reduction in ferromagnetic coupling between Fe atoms. This subsequently reduces the magnetic moment of Fe atoms as well as the total magnetic moment of the system, which is consistent with experimental results. The results could help understand the relationship between atomic structure and magnetic property, and providing valuable insights for enhancing the performance of metallic glasses in industrial applications.
Unveiling the in-plane anisotropic dielectric waveguide modes in α-MoO3 flakes
Authors: Liao 廖 Ying 莹 , Chen 陈 Jianing 佳宁 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The unique in-plane and out-of-plane anisotropy of α-MoO3 has attracted considerable interest with regard to potential optoelectronic applications. However, most research has focused on the mid-infrared spectrum, leaving its properties and applications in the visible and near-infrared light spectrum less explored. This study advances the understanding of waveguiding properties of α-MoO3 by near-field imaging of the waveguide modes along the [100] and [001] directions of α-MoO3 flakes at 633 nm and 785 nm. We investigate the effects of flake thickness and documented the modes’ dispersion relationships, which is crucial for tailoring the optical responses of α-MoO3 in device applications. Our findings enhance the field of research into α-MoO3, highlighting its utility in fabricating next-generation optoelectronic devices due to its unique optically anisotropic waveguide.
Arctic as the ‘radiator fins’ of Earth in a warming climate
Authors: Huang Han , Huang Yi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Earth radiates thermal radiation to balance the solar radiation it receives. Central to understanding climate change is how the radiation energy budget adjusts both globally and locally to external and internal forcing. In the past 18 years, satellite observations reveal a distinct positive trend of the Earth thermal radiation in the Arctic, which acts to radiate excess heating accumulating in the climate system to the space during global warming, i.e. a radiator fin region in a warming climate. Compared with other regions such as the tropics, the prominent trend in the Arctic results from a stronger surface and atmospheric warming and a less offsetting greenhouse effect of water vapor. Spectral decompositions further show the increase of thermal emission in the Arctic mainly originates from the far-infrared and mid-infrared window region and affirms the unbalanced radiative responses to temperature and humidity changes in these two spectral regions account for the unique thermal radiation trend in the Arctic.
Drought intensification in Brazilian catchments: implications for water and land management
Authors: Ballarin André S , Vargas Godoy Mijael Rodrigo , Zaerpour Masoud , Abdelmoaty Hebatallah M , Hatami Shadi , Gavasso-Rita Yohanne L , Wendland Edson , Papalexiou Simon Michael 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Droughts exert widespread impacts on both natural and social systems, and there is accumulating evidence that this situation may worsen in the context of global warming. Despite the importance of assessing changes in droughts to understand their potential future impacts on society, studies are unevenly distributed worldwide. In this study, utilizing bias-corrected CMIP6 simulations and a standard precipitation-evaporation index based approach, we quantified expected changes in future drought properties across 735 Brazilian catchments under SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5 scenarios. Beyond evaluating the statistical properties of future droughts, we assessed their occurrence under both land use and water demand perspectives and propose a new framework to better understand their link with changes in long- and short-term conditions of precipitation (

P

) and potential evapotranspiration (

PET

). Our results indicate that drought events are projected to become more frequent and severe in the future, with high CMIP6 model agreement. According to the SSP5-8.5 scenario, at least half of Brazilian cropland and pasture areas will experience an increase of over 30% in drought properties by the end of the century. Furthermore, among the 85% of catchments expected to experience more severe droughts, nearly 90% are also projected to exhibit increased water demand, which will likely exacerbate future water scarcity. The investigation of the relationship between droughts changes and climate variables suggests that catchments with augmented droughts in the future will likely exhibit increased long-term average

PET

and

P

-variability, but not necessarily long-term average

P

. For instance, over 50% of evaluated Brazilian catchments are expected to experience an intensification of drought properties even with increases in

P

mean

. We believe this study may contribute (a) to improve Brazilian water resiliency by helping achieve the objectives of the National Water Security Plan and (b) to deepen our understanding of droughts in an uncertain future.
Generalization of Balian–Brezin decomposition for exponentials with linear fermionic part
Authors: Seifi Mirjafarlou M A , Jafarizadeh A , Rajabpour M A 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Fermionic Gaussian states have garnered considerable attention due to their intriguing properties, most notably Wick’s theorem. Expanding upon the work of Balian and Brezin, who generalized properties of fermionic Gaussian operators and states, we further extend their findings to incorporate Gaussian operators with a linear component. Leveraging a technique introduced by Colpa, we streamline the analysis and present a comprehensive extension of the Balian–Brezin decomposition to encompass exponentials involving linear terms. Furthermore, we introduce Gaussian states featuring a linear part and derive corresponding overlap formulas. Additionally, we generalize Wick’s theorem to encompass scenarios involving linear terms, facilitating the expression of generic expectation values in relation to one and two-point correlation functions. We also provide a brief commentary on the applicability of the BB decomposition in addressing the BCH (Zassenhaus) formulas within the

so

(
N
)

Lie algebra.
Chiral photothermoelectric effect driven by high-Q quasi-bound states in the continuum
Authors: Hu Yiqing , Yang Guofeng , Sang Tian , Wang Benxin , Wang Yueke 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Bound states in continuum (BIC) have been proposed as a means to efficiently improve light-matter interactions in metasurfaces. While breaking the mirror symmetry of structure and developing BIC into a reachable and observable quasi-BIC, it is usually accompanied by the chiral phenomenon with high quality (Q) factor. Here, we report a spin-sensitive photodetector in the infrared (NIR) region comprising a silicon metasurface with chiral quasi-BIC, a silver layer, and a thermoelectric layer. A chiral quasi-BIC supported by a silicon metasurface can be realized under normal incidence. Based on finite element method simulations, a silicon metasurface with a silver layer shows a high Q-factor of 958.6 with a giant absorption circular dichroism of 0.83. Subsequently, we study the thermal performance of the chiral absorbers by using the heat transfer module of COMSOL. Combined with the thermoelectric material bismuth telluride, we calculate the differential photothermoelectric effects of the system under circular-polarized light irradiation. When the incident flux is 100 W cm−2, the output voltage under right-circular-polarization (left-circular-polarization) light reaches 0.59 mV (0.08 mV), which can be used for polarization detection. Therefore, our designed structure incorporating thermoelectricity broadens the applications of chiral BIC in sensors and detectors.
The interplay of topology and antiferromagnetic order in two-dimensional van der Waals crystals of (Ni
x
Fe1−x
)2P2S6
Authors: Khan N , Kumar D , Kumar V , Shemerliuk Y , Selter S , Büchner B , Pal K , Aswartham S , Kumar Pradeep 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The Mermin–Wagner theorem forbids spontaneous symmetry breaking of spins in one/two-dimensional (2D) systems at a finite temperature and rules out the stabilization of this ordered state. However, it does not apply to all types of phase transitions in low dimensions, such as the topologically ordered phase rigorously shown by Berezinskii–Kosterlitz–Thouless (BKT) and experimentally realized in very limited systems such as superfluids and superconducting thin films. Quasi-2D van der Waals magnets provide an ideal platform to investigate the fundamentals of low-dimensional magnetism. We explored the quasi-2D honeycomb antiferromagnetic single crystals of (Ni
x
Fe1−x
)2P2S6 (x = 1, 0.7, 0.5, 0.3, and 0) using in-depth temperature-dependent Raman measurements supported by first-principles calculations of the phonon frequencies. Quite surprisingly, we observed renormalization of the phonon modes much below the long-range magnetic ordered temperature attributed to the topological ordered state, namely the BKT phase, which is also found to change as a function of doping. The extracted critical exponent of the order-parameter (spin–spin correlation length,

ξ
(
T
)

) evinces the signature of a topologically active state driven by vortex–antivortex excitations. As a function of doping, a tunable transition from paramagnetic to antiferromagnetic ordering is shown via phonons reflected in the strong renormalization of the self-energy parameters of the Raman active phonon modes. The extracted exchange parameter (J) is found to vary by ∼100% by increasing the value of doping, ranging from ∼6 meV (for x = 0.3) to 13 meV (for x = 1).
Effect of Al addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of IN718 alloy fabricated by laser deposition manufacturing
Authors: Wang C , Pan X D , Sun H , Yang G , Yi J Z , An D 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The IN718 alloys with different Al contents were fabricated by laser deposition manufacturing (LDM) technology. The microstructure and tensile properties of LDMed IN718 alloy with different Al contents before and after homogenization-solution-double aging (HSA) treatment were analyzed. The as-deposited samples show dendrite structure which develops with the addition of Al element. The microstructure of the as-deposited samples mainly consists of the γ matrix, Laves phases and a small amount of carbides. The HSA treatment improves the precipitation of γ″, γ′ and δ strengthening phases, and with the Al content increasing, the γ′ phase increases, but the γ″ phase decreases. With the increasing of Al content, the tensile strength of as-deposited samples increases, but the elongation decreases. For HSA-treated samples, the IN718+0.5Al alloy shows the highest tensile strength and elongation. The tensile fracture surfaces of LDMed IN718 alloys show dimpled surfaces, indicating the transgranular ductile failure mode.