bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes in Brain Thyrotropin‐Releasing Hormone (TRH) of El Mice
Authors: Yamashita Kimio , Nakashima Makoto , Kajita Saburo , Hiramatsu Midori , Ogawa Norio , Mori Akitane , Sato Mitsumoto 
Published: March 2008

SUMMARYThe present study showed that DN‐1417 had a dose‐dependent anticonvulsant activity on El mouse seizure. This finding is consistent with other reports using the kindling model of epilepsy. Since both the El mouse and kindling preparations have been regarded as complex partial seizure with secondary generalization, endogenous brain TRH, as well as exogenous TRH, may act as an anticonvulsant substance to such a seizure type of epilepsy. Moreover, this study showed IR‐TRH of the El mouse changed significantly in the striatum or hippocampus genetically or postictally without a change in the TRH receptor binding. A transient decrease in hippocampal IR‐TRH after convulsion shown in this study may suggest an increased release of TRH during and after the seizure.Further studies are required to clarify the relationship between a change in the brain TRH system and seizure susceptibility in the El mouse.
Epileptic Convulsion in Chimera Mice
Authors: Fueta Yukiko , Mita Takashi , Matsuoka Shigeaki 
Published: March 2008

SummaryUsing a method of aggregation of embryos from the Fl progenies of ddY X El and ddY X C57BL/6J, seven chimera mice were produced. These seven chimera mice manifested various distributions of the white coat color derived from the Fl progeny of ddY X El. It was found that the chimera mouse, which had a larger percent of the white coat color, had a higher susceptibility to epileptic convulsion, the susceptibility having been proportional to the degree of the tissue mosaicism.
Tuberous Sclerosis and Partial Epilepsy
Authors: Fukushima Katsuyuki , Okabe Minora , Muranaka Hideki , Ohtani Kazumasa , Morikawa Tateki , Yagi Kazuichi , Seino Masakazu 
Published: March 2008

SummaryPartial epilepsy associated with tuberous sclerosis began at earlier ages and no epileptic seizure started after 15 years of age.According to the seizure manifestations at the onset, partial epilepsy was classified into 4 groups (I, C, NC and P Groups). The I Group manifested itself by 12 months. Partial seizure appeared between 4 and 7 years of age after the control of infantile spasms.The seizure prognosis and social adaptability of those cases were not necessarily unfavorable.In the C Group, the seizure started by 3 years of age and evolved into partial seizure with unsatisfactory prognosis and social adaptability.In the NC Group, the seizure developed by 2 years of age and the seizure type was modified in the time course. The seizure prognosis and social adaptability tended to be comparatively favorable.In the P Group, the seizure started after 4 years of age without an evolutionary modification of the seizure type. The seizure prognosis and social adaptability seemed to be satisfactory.The evolution of the seizure types was observed in all but the P Group, which occurred in the period between 4 and 7 years of age.The cases showing these evolutions amounted to 75% of partial epilepsy accompanying tuberous sclerosis, particularly 25% of which began with West syndrome.
Initial Clinical Manifestations of Seizures Originating from the Occipital Area
Authors: Muranaka Hideki , Otani Kazumasa , Inoue Yushi , Fukushima Katsuyuki , Yagi Kazuichi , Seino Masakazu 
Published: March 2008

Summary1. Oculogyric deviation was the most common initial seizure manifestation.2. Oculogyric symptoms were accompanied by focal runs of 8–20 Hz spike patterns, and oculoclonic symptoms by 2.5–4 Hz patterns of high‐amplitude slow waves.3. Contralateral deviation toward ictal EEG foci was found in 9 (64%) out of 14 seizures, and ipsilateral deviation in 5 (36%). Patients with ipsilateral deviation were all younger than 13 years of age.
Neuropsychological and Neuropsychiatric Findings in Right Hemisphere Damaged Patients
Authors: Motomura Naoyasu , Sawada Tohru , Inoue Noriko , Asaba Hiroyuki , Sakai Toshiaki 
Published: March 2008

Abstract: We evaluated 46 patients with right hemisphere strokes for unilateral spatial neglect (USN), anosognosia, hemiasomatognosia, extinction, constructional disturbance, motor Impersistence organic mental syndrome. High correlations were found among the incidences of USN, anosognosia, hemiasomatognosia, extinction, motor impersistence constructional disturbance.USN, hemiasomatognosia, motor impersistence, constructional disturbance anosognosia tended to occur with large lesions. Organic personality syndrome was frequent (33%) was more often associated with USN, anosognosia, hemiasomatognosia, extinction, constructional disturbance motor impersistence than other psychiatric symptoms.
Thyroid Function Therapeutic Efficacy of Thyroxine in Depression
Authors: Okuno Yoko , Nakayasu Nobuo 
Published: March 2008

Abstract: The authors administered 50–100 pg of thyroxine (T,) alone for 2 weeks to 20 patients with primary major depressive disorders, evaluated clinical changes, compared the thyroid functions before after the trial.The results showed a significant decrease in the Hamilton Rating Scale scores, the efficacy of thyroid hormone alone was demonstrated against depression. It was also shown that this antidepressive effect varied widely from marked improvement to mild aggravation.The degree of clinical improvement had no significant relationship with sex, age, subtype of depression, severity of symptoms before treatment. But it had significant positive correlations with the pre‐trial T39 T49 T3 uptake, free T, index BMR. That is, patients with a higher pre‐trial thyroid function showed a greater improvement. Thus, it was suggested that the antidepressive effects is closely associated with the mechanism which suppresses endogenous thyroid hormones.
A Graves' Disease of Identical Twins with Mental Disorder
Authors: Mizukami Katsuyoshi , Shiraishi Hiroyasu , Koizumi Junzo 
Published: March 2008

Abstract: We present here the clinical cases of identical twins with Graves' disease associated with various mental disorders. They showed restlessness, hyperexcitability, emotional instability, anxiety, depressive state, obsessive‐compulsive manifestations, delusions of persecution reference. In the case of twin A, the psychiatric symptoms Graves' disease were in parallel with their clinical course, his psychiatric symp toms disappeared after a subtotal thyroidectomy.In the case of twin B, however, the psychiatric symptoms had almost disappeared during the period of hypothyroidism for two months after a subtotal thyroidectomy, but the symptoms recurred in spite of the data of euthyroidism in blood examinations after that period of time.It was suggested that the psychiatric symptoms of twin B were due to the euthyroid Graves' disease. The close resemblance of the psychiatric symptoms in both twin A B might be based on the same genetic disposition due to their being identical twins.
Histopathological Changes Induced by Disturbance of Microcirculation in the Rat Brain
Authors: Watanabe Kenjiro , Miyakawa Taihei , Katsuragi Shoichi , Shimoji Akitomo , Kuramoto Ryoko 
Published: March 2008

Abstract: Microcirculatory disturbance was induced in 8 rats after injecting micro‐sphere latex (5 micron in diameter) from the right carotid artery.Ultrastructural observations revealed that initial changes occurred in the vascular feet of astroglial cells the subsequent swelling of postsynapses.Succeedlngly presynapses nerve cells also became atrophic but this was considered to be caused by astrocytic degeneration.From these findings, it is speculated that the neuronai atrophy was secondary to the changes in the neuropil around the capillary caused by disturbance of the nutritional supply from the blood induced by micmcirculatory disturbance.The above described findings seemed to have some similarity to those of nonspecific degeneration of the cortex observed in the brain, such as Alzheimer's disease.
Cognitive Function during Absence Seizures
Authors: Sengoku Akira , Kanazawa Osamu , Kawai Itsuo , Yamaguchi Toshio 
Published: March 2008

SummaryOne patient with frequent spike‐waves in EEG was studied by a neuropsychologicaI test. The spike‐waves caused an obvious prolongation of cognitive processing. This delay was considered to be caused not only by motor inhibition but also by impaired cognitive function.
Continuous Observations of Daytime EEG Patterns in Normal Subjects under Restrained Conditions while Sitting in Armchair or on Stool Part 1 Sleep State
Authors: Nakagawa Yasuaki 
Published: March 2008

Abstract: While stabilizing both behavioral and environmental factors as far as possible, continuous EEG observations were made on the level of consciousness of 32 normal healthy subjects aged 19–23. The experiment started at 11 p.m. by obtaining the sleep record for each subject. After spontaneous awakening in the morning, each subject was requested to maintain the same posture while sitting in an armchair or on a stool until the end of the experiment, and was asked not to fall asleep in the daytime. The behaviors of each subject were continuously video‐recorded throughout the period of the experiment.From inspection of the EEG records, simultaneous video monitoring and recording of the subjects' daytime behavior, and the subsequent data analysis, the following conclusions were drawn:1) The subjects had a strong tendency to fall asleep in the restrained armchair‐sitting posture during the daytime. The EEG and video records of the subjects showed that sleep accounted for about 25–45% (average 37.6%) of the daytime period.2) In 23 recordings of the subjects sitting in an armchair, 109 sleep blocks were observed, in comparison with 42 sleep blocks while sitting on a stool. On the basis of their characteristics, the sleep blocks could be divided into five categories. Ail the five types of sleep blocks were observed in the armchair‐sitting posture, but only NREM‐REM and SOREMP types of a short duration were observed in the stool‐sitting posture. SOREMPs were observed in the daytime in both postures.3) The REM cycle found in nocturnal sleep did not appear in the daytime. However, another rhythm, a 4–hour waking‐sleep cycle after spontaneous awakening, was observed.
Composed Dynamic Topography for Spike and Sharp Wave
Authors: Kowada Masayoshi , Yoneya Motohiro , Miura Shunichi 
Published: March 2008

SUMMARYWe reported two kinds of dynamic topographies. In one, an inters pike interval histogram and a computerized topography of the EEG basic activity were composed. In the other, spike and sharp wave characteristics were composed of an isopotential topography. These topographies enabled us to observe serial changes in epileptic discharge dynamically by 1 msec.
Combination Treatment of High‐Dose Pyridoxal Phosphate and Low‐Dose ACTH in Children with West Syndrome and Related Disorders
Authors: Seki Tohru 
Published: March 2008

Abstract: Combination therapy of hih‐dose pyridoxal phosphate (PALP, 40–50 mg/kg/day) and low‐dose ACTIW1‐X‐Z (tetracosactide acetate‐Zn, Cortrosyn Z®, 0.01 mg/kg/day) was institnted in 26 children suffering from West syndrome and related disorders ‐pretreated without success with high‐dose PAL‐P alone; 18 with West syndrome (14 with symptomatic and 4 with cryptogenic types), 2 with symptomatic Lennox‐Gastaut syndrome, 5 with cerebral palsy with hypsarhythmia or diffuse slow spike‐waves and one with myoclonic seizures (secondary generalized epilepsy). Clinical, electroencephalographic and neurochemical investigations were carried out.The results were summarized as follows. 1) Only one of 27 children with West syndrome and related disorders pretreated using high‐dose PALP alone before ACTH showed a clinically excellent response. 2) Clinical seizures were completely suppressed in 19 of 21 children who initially had seizures (90%) after this combination therapy. 3) Twenty‐one of the total 26 children (80%) had disappearance of hypsarhythmia or diffuse slow spike‐waves in EEG after this therapy. 4) During PALP treatment alone transient increases in liver enzymes occurred in 37 percent. The brain shrinkage of CT and the significant rise in CSF NSE were seen in 95% and 78% after ACTH, respectively. 5) Twenty‐three children have been followed for one to 29 months after tapering off of ACTH. No relapses were experienced in 11 of 18 who initially had seizures (61%) and 13 of 23 with hypsarhythmia or diffuse slow spike‐waves (57%). 6) Postictal PRL elevations were suppressed during high‐dose PAL‐P. 7) No significant changes in the CSF leves of HVA and 5‐HIAA were seen during this combination therapy. The CSF levels of HVA were significantly lower than the controls. 8) Daily ACTH therapy transiently suppressed the secretion of anterior pituitary hormones (GH, TSH, PRL, LH and FSH) and thyroid hormones (T, free T, T, and free T,).It is recommended that the combination therapy of high‐dose PAL‐P and low‐dose ACTH is a promising new method and should be tried in children with West syndrome and related disorders.The mechanism of action of this combination therapy remains obscure although some information has been obtained from our investigations.
Clinico‐Electroencephalographical Study on Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
Authors: Oana Yasunori , Irie Hiroshi , Uchino Atsushi , Utsugi Yuko , Naoi Koji , Miura Shiroe , Matsuda Hiroshi 
Published: March 2008

SummaryIt is suggested that temporal lobe seizures shows electrographically and clinically complex manifestation by cortico‐subcortical and/or cortico‐cortical spread.
Hepatic Encephalopathy with Increased Cerebral Blood Flow in SPECT and MRI Abnormalities in the Basal Ganglia
Authors: Kohira Ichiro , Matsuo Eriko , Shiro Yoshihiko , Uemura Naoto , Matsumoto Seiji , Kitamura Yoshihiro , Matsumoto Yosuke , Ishizu Hideki , Sakai Kenichi , Kuroda Shigetoshi , Shohmori Toshikiyo 
Published: March 2008

AbstractA case of hepatic encephalopathy with increased cerebral blood flow in singlephoton emission computed tomography (SPECT) and abnormalities upon magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is reported. SPECT showed increased blood flow exceeding 70 ml/100 g/min in the cerebellum, basal ganglia and cerebral cortex, with hyperammonemia and abnormal electroencephalographic signs showing severe generalized slowing. SPECT data and MRI might reflect abnormal metabolism and neuropathological changes in hepatic encephalopathy.
An Autopsy Case of Alzheimer Disease with Myoclonus and Periodic Spikes on EEG
Authors: Iijima Masaaki , Ishino Hiroshi , Seno Haruo , Inagaki Takuji , Ebara Takashi , Yamashita Kimio 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThis is a case of Alzheimer disease with myoclonus and periodic spikes on EEG. A 56‐year‐old man developed progressive dementia and, 3 years later, generalized convulsions. Eight years later, he showed myoclonus and periodic spikes on EEG. Cranial CT showed cortical atrophy and ventricular dilatation. He became apallic and died of pneumonia at the age of 65,9 years after the onset of the disease. The brain weighed 1,050 g. Neuropathologically, diffuse neuronal loss, abundant neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques, particularly diffuse plaques, were found extensively in the cerebral cortex. The white matter was preserved. In the Ammon's horn, abundant neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques were observed. Grumose degeneration of the cerebellar dentate nucleus, Kuru plaques or prions were not found. Numerous diffuse plaques of the cerebral cortex have rarely been reported in autopsy cases of Alzheimer disease with myoclonus and periodic spikes on EEG.
The clinical features of Tourette's disorder with obsessive‐compulsive symptoms
Authors: IIDA JUNZO , SAKIYAMA SHINOBU , IWASAKA HIDEMI , HIRAO FUMIO , HASHINO KENICHI , KAWABATA YOKO , IKAWA GENRO 
Published: March 2008

AbstractTwenty‐three patients with Tourette's disorder (13 with obsessive‐compulsive symptoms [OCS] and 10 without) were comparatively investigated. In contrast to OCS‐free Tourette's disorder patients, those with OCS were found to be characterized by (i) a higher incidence of volatile temper, (ii) a higher incidence of compulsive tics, (iii) a higher incidence of perinatal disorders and brain wave abnormalities, (iv) a higher severity as rated using the Seventy Scale, and (v) a higher prevalence of complications, especially of developmental disorders. Of the subjects with OCS‐accompanied Tourette's disorder, approximately half had developed OCS by the onset of tics. These findings suggest the likelihood that OCS‐accompanied Tourette's disorder is more strongly associated with organic cerebral disorders, independently of sites of tic disorders, than is OCS‐free Tourette's disorder.
Erythrocyte deformability in schizophrenic patients
Authors: NAKASHIMA HISASHI , UEDA KEISHI , YASUGAWA SETSUKO , KATSURAGI SYHOICHI , KIMURA TAKEMI , MIYAKAWA TAIHEI 
Published: March 2008

AbstractErythrocyte deformability as a clinical indicator of microcirculatory disturbance was determined in the erythrocyte of 25 schizophrenic patients and of 18 normal controls. Schizophrenic patients had significantly lower erythrocyte deformability than did the normal controls (P < 0.001). This result suggests that microcirculation in schizophrenic patients is disturbed, and that this disturbance might be involved in the pathophysiological genesis of schizophrenia.
A multicenter study of sleep‐wake rhythm disorders: Clinical features of sleep‐wake rhythm disorders
Authors: YAMADERA HIROSHl , TAKAHASHI KIYOHISA , OKAWA MASAKO 
Published: March 2008

AbstractA multicenter study of sleep‐wake rhythm disorders (i.e. non‐24 hour sleep‐wake syndrome; non‐24), delayed sleep phase syndrome (DSPS), irregular sleep‐wake pattern (irregular sleepers), and long sleepers, was conducted with the co‐operation of 25 institutions. One hundred and twenty‐one primary sleep‐wake rhythm disorders were diagnosed and were classified as 13 non‐24, 90 DSPS, 12 irregular and six long sleepers. The mean onset age was about 20 years old and psycho‐social factors associating the onset of the disorder were identified in 36% of these patients. The major factors of sleep‐wake disorders were personal relationships, advancing to a higher level education, gaining employment, and changes in environment. Most patients were ‘night active’ prior to appearance of their symptoms. Increase in night activities of modern society seem to result in the occurrence of such sleep‐wake rhythm disorders.
Effects of entorhinal cortex lesion on learning behavior and on hippocampus in the rat
Authors: MIWA CHITOKU , UEKI AKINORI 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThe initial stage of Alzheimer's disease is characterized by a neuropathological change in the entorhinal cortex. In a previous study it was shown that rats with excitotoxic lesion of entorhinal cortex showed an impaired acquisition of passive and active avoidance responses. In this study a rat with excitotoxic lesion of the entorhinal cortex was tested for ‘more operant’ behavioral learning (i.e., positive reinforcement operant learning). The hippocampus was also examined histologically as acetylcholinesterase‐stained sections, and as synaptophysin immunostained sections and examined biochemically by liquid chromatography. Eight weeks after operation, the bilateral entorhinal cortex lesioned rats showed an impaired acquisition of positive reinforcement operant learning. The lesioned side of unilateral entorhinal cortex lesioned rats showed a decrease of acecylcholinesterase‐positive fibers in the CA3, the dentate gyrus, and of synaptophysin‐positive substances in the CA3. Biochemical study showed a decreased level of acetylcholine in the CA3, and in the dentate gyrus. The histological and biochemical findings are interpreted as indicating that the entorhinal cortex of the rat provides the major extrinsic synaptic input to the hippocampal formation via the circuit which serves as a relay passage through the dentate gyrus and via direct projections into the hippocampus. Behavioral findings confirmed the importance of the entorhinal cortex in memory acquisition and indicated that rats with a partial neuronal loss in the entorhinal cortex may be a useful model for the memory disturbance of Alzheimer's disease.
Non‐existence of a positive correlation between urinary levels of α1 ‐microglobulin and ulinastatin in patients with Parkinson's disease
Authors: INAGAKI TAKUJI , SHIKIMI TADAHIRO , MATSUBARA KAZUO , KOBAYASHI SHOUTAI , ISHINO HIROSHI , OKUNISHI HIDEKI , TAKAORI SHUJI 
Published: March 2008

AbstractUrinary levels of a,‐microglobulin (αlM) and of ulinastatin (UT) and the αlM/UT ratio did not differ significantly between age‐matched controls and patients with Parkinson's disease, and among subdivided groups based on Yahr's stages in Parkinson's disease. Furthermore, these indexes did not correlate with Yahr's stages. Although αlM and UT levels did not correlate in patients with Parkinson's disease, a positive correlation was observed in the control group. The non‐existence of a positive correlation between αlM and UT levels distinguishes Parkinson's disease from other neuropsychiatric diseases such as dementia (Alzheimer‐type and vascular dementia), schizophrenia and mood disorder.
Dreamy states and psychoses in temporal lobe epilepsy: Mediating role of affect
Authors: SENGOKU AKIRA , TOICHI MOTOMI , MURAI TOSHIYA 
Published: March 2008

Abstract Among 104 patients with temporal lobe epilepsy treated in our clinic between 1992–1995, thirteen patients with repeated dreamy states were evaluated for affective manifestations of dreamy states and their relationship with psychotic states. The types of dreamy states were classified as déjà vu, jamais vu and reminiscence. The affective experiences during dreamy states were evaluated as positive, negative or neutral. As a result, seven patients had déjà vu and/or reminiscence: seizure manifestations in four of these patients were affectively evaluated as positive (familiar and/or pleasurable), and three as neutral. Six cases had experience of jamais vu: five of them were affectively evaluated as negative (mostly fear), and one as neutral.Psychiatrically, only four patients with jamais vu accompanied by feelings of fear had mental disorders: a chronic paranoid‐hallucinatory state in two cases, a chronic paranoid state in one case, and obsessive‐compulsive symptoms in one case. Other patients who had positive or neutral affect did not demonstrate psychiatric disturbances. Thus, most patients with jamais vu were accompanied by negative affect of fear, and those patients with jamais vu tended to show more psychotic symptoms than those with reminiscence or déjà vu, which were associated with positive or neutral affects. Based on these results, we discuss the possibility that repeated negative feelings associated with jamais vu are one of the causes for developing epileptic psychoses.