bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesizing class labels for highly imbalanced credit card fraud detection data
Authors: Kennedy Robert K. L. , Villanustre Flavio , Khoshgoftaar Taghi M. , Salekshahrezaee Zahra 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAcquiring labeled datasets often incurs substantial costs primarily due to the requirement of expert human intervention to produce accurate and reliable class labels. In the modern data landscape, an overwhelming proportion of newly generated data is unlabeled. This paradigm is especially evident in domains such as fraud detection and datasets for credit card fraud detection. These types of data have their own difficulties associated with being highly class imbalanced, which poses its own challenges to machine learning and classification. Our research addresses these challenges by extensively evaluating a novel methodology for synthesizing class labels for highly imbalanced credit card fraud data. The methodology uses an autoencoder as its underlying learner to effectively learn from dataset features to produce an error metric for use in creating new binary class labels. The methodology aims to automatically produce new labels with minimal expert input. These class labels are then used to train supervised classifiers for fraud detection. Our empirical results show that the synthesized labels are of high enough quality to produce classifiers that significantly outperform a baseline learner comparison when using area under the precision-recall curve (AUPRC). We also present results of varying levels of positive-labeled instances and their effect on classifier performance. Results show that AUPRC performance improves as more instances are labeled positive and belong to the minority class. Our methodology thereby effectively addresses the concerns of high class imbalance in machine learning by creating new and effective class labels.
Core hyphosphere microbiota of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum
Authors: Thomas Vanessa E. , Antony-Babu Sanjay 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Bacteria and fungi are dynamically interconnected, leading to beneficial or antagonistic relationships with plants. Within this interkingdom interaction, the microbial community directly associated with the pathogen make up the pathobiome. While the overall soil bacterial community associated with Fusarium wilt diseases has been widely examined, the specific bacterial populations that directly interact with the Fusarium wilt pathogens are yet to be discovered. In this study, we define the bacterial community associated with the hyphae of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum race 2 (FON2). Using the 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding, we describe the hyphosphere pathobiome of three isolates of FON2.

Results
Our results show a core microbiome that is shared among the three tested hyphospheres. The core hyphosphere community was made up of 15 OTUs (Operational Taxonomic Units) that were associated with all three FON2 isolates. This core consisted of bacterial members of the families, Oxalobacteraceae, Propionibacteriaceae, Burkholderiaceae, Micrococcaceae, Bacillaceae, Comamonadaceae, Pseudomonadaceae and unclassified bacteria. The hyphosphere of FON2 was dominated by order Burkholderiales. While all three isolate hyphospheres were dominated by these taxa, the specific OTU differed. We also note that while the dominant OTU of one hyphosphere might not be the largest OTU for other hyphospheres, they were still present across all the three isolate hyphospheres. Additionally, in the correlation and co-occurrence analysis the most abundant OTU was negatively correlated with most of the other OTU populations within the hyphosphere.

Conclusions
The study indicates a core microbiota associated with FON2. These results provide insights into the microbe-microbe dynamic of the pathogen's success and its ability to recruit a core pathobiome. Our research promotes the concept of pathogens not being lone invaders but recruits from the established host microbiome to form a pathobiome.
Athlete Mental Health and Wellbeing During the Transition into Elite Sport: Strategies to Prepare the System
Authors: Pilkington Vita , Rice Simon , Olive Lisa , Walton Courtney , Purcell Rosemary 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe transition into elite-level sport can expose young athletes to risk factors for mental ill-health, including increased performance expectations, stressors associated with becoming increasingly public figures, and changes in lifestyle demands, such as diet, training loads and sleep. Successful integration into elite-level sport requires athletes to quickly adapt to these newfound challenges and the norms and culture of the new sport setting, while developing relationships with teammates, coaches, and support staff. Despite these demands, the mental health experiences of athletes transitioning into elite-level sport have been largely neglected in sport psychology literature. This is reflected in the dearth of programs for supporting mental health during this career phase, particularly relative to retirement transition programs. In this article, we offer a preliminary framework for supporting athletes’ mental health during the transition into elite-level sport. This framework is based on holistic, developmental, and ecological perspectives. Our framework outlines a range of recommendations for promoting mental health and preventing mental ill-health, including individual-level, relational, sport-level, and sociocultural-level strategies. Key recommendations include preparing athletes for the challenges they are likely to face throughout their athletic careers, highlighting athletes’ competence earlier in their careers, developing supportive relationships in the sport setting, and fostering psychologically safe sporting cultures. Supporting mental health from earlier in the athletic career is likely to promote athletes’ overall wellbeing, support enjoyment and retention in sport, and encourage help-seeking.
The role of internal CSR in guiding the digitalisation of work
Authors: Wolf Lea , Ehlen Ronny , Bardmann Mona-Maria , Ruiner Caroline , Lanzl Julia , Schoch Manfred , Gimpel Henner 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn the context of the increased use of digital technologies at work and the various reported positive and negative outcomes for workers, this paper deals with the effects of internal corporate social responsibility (ICSR) and the digitalisation of work. The findings are based on a structured literature review identifying and synthesizing extant knowledge. A total of 57 papers are analysed regarding their contributions to the literature on digital transformation and ICSR. The results indicate that ICSR is partly implemented in a reactive way to mitigate negative effects of digitalisation at work, and partly in a proactive way to prevent them. The contributions relate (a) to the conceptualisation of digital work and its effects related to ICSR; (b) to the development of the concept of ICSR with a specific focus on digitalisation; and (c) to the derivation of a future research agenda. Finally, implications for research and practice are discussed to investigate further ICSR’s essential role in the interrelation between digitalisation and sustainability at work.
Bile duct matrix metalloproteinase-7 expression: a new modality for diagnosis of biliary atresia
Authors: Allam Alif Abdelhakim , Khedr Mohammed Ahmed , Elkholy Shimaa Saad , Yassin Takwa Abd El Rahman , Fouad Ola Ahmed 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Biliary atresia (BA) is an obliterative cholangiopathy of infancy that results in cholestasis and liver fibrosis. This fibrosis is due to an imbalance in extracellular matrix (ECM) breakdown and deposition. The mechanism by which the progressive injury occurs is not fully elucidated. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are involved in ECM turnover but also have non-ECM-related functions. Matrix metalloproteinase 7 (MMP7) has been suggested as a promising biomarker in diagnosing BA.

Objective
The aim of this study was to assess the hepatic expression of MMP-7 in infants with BA.

Patients and methods
The study was a retrospective-prospective case–control study that included 50 patients who were categorized into two groups, BA group (25 patients) and non-BA cholestatic patients as a control group (25 patients). Liver biochemistry, liver biopsy, histopathology, and immunohistochemical staining for primary antibody MMP-7 were performed for all studied patients.

Results
Bile duct MMP7 expression was significantly higher in infants with BA than in non-BA cholestasis (P = 0.003), While the hepatic MMP-7 intensity did not differ significantly between both groups (P > 0.05). Bile duct expression of MMP-7 had a significant positive correlation with the BA Score (P = 0.017), while hepatic MMP-7 intensity had a significant positive correlation with alanine transaminase levels (P = 0.007) and a significant negative correlation with γ glutamyl transferase in the BA group (P = 0. 038). There was no statistically significant difference among different stages of fibrosis as regards the median of the hepatic MMP-7 intensity score and MMP-7 bile duct expression in infants with BA. There was no statistically significant difference between infants with successful and failed Kasai as regard the hepatic MMP-7 intensity and its bile duct expression.

Conclusion
Bile duct expression of MMP-7 measured by immunohistochemistry is useful for the diagnosis of BA, but it is limited in predicting the stage of liver fibrosis and the outcome of Kasai portoenterostomy (KPE).
Robust congregation influences of AB-PINACA and MDMB-4en-PINACA inhalation on neurobehavioral and cardiac disorders in mice
Authors: Ahmad Manar A. , Ghaleb Sherien Salah , Hassan Dalia Abd Elwahab , Sharkawi Souty M. Z. , Abdelghany Asmaa K. , Mostafa Asmaa Mahmoud , Hassan Randa M. , Abdalla Ahmed G. Sobhi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
A novel category of unusual cannabinoid substances was created to serve as marijuana alternatives due to its widespread availability, low price, pleasurable effects, and difficulty to be detected in regular urine testing for drugs, although more potential for abuse, toxicity, and behavioral alterations can result. It is more hazardous to multiple organ systems and has higher CB1 and CB2 receptor affinities than natural cannabinoids. So, the abuse potential, toxicity, and cardiac and nervous systems health hazards of two popular street herbs (AB-PINACA and MDMB-4en-PINACA) have been evaluated in mice.

Methods
Thirty male mice were separated into three equally sized groups indiscriminately: the control group: received no treatments, the AB-PINACA-treated group, and the MDMB-4en-PINACA-treated group. Treated groups were exposed to the two herbs for two consecutive days via inhalation to simulate natural human exposure. Cannabinoid tetrad tests and anxiety-like behavior were performed. Serum samples were obtained for cardiac enzymes measurement. Heart and brain tissue samples were harvested for the determination of oxidative stress markers, brain neurotransmitters, and histopathological findings.

Results
Nociception and hypothermia were significantly influenced by both treatments. The locomotor activity decreased significantly with AB-PINACA inhalation, while the cataleptic effect increased significantly with MDMB-4en-PINACA inhalation. In addition, both treatments induced anxiety-like behavior. Both treatments induced alterations in brain neurotransmitter levels (glutamate, dopamine, and serotonin) and cardiac enzyme levels (CK-MB, troponin I). Histological changes showed neurodegenerative, necrotic, and infracted heart myocytes and degenerated muscle fibers, particularly with MDMB-4en-PINACA inhalation.

Conclusions
Acute inhalation of street herbs containing AB-PINACA and MDMB-4en-PINACA induced neurobehavioral and cardiac disturbances, which were evident by changes in behavior, brain neurotransmitters, and heart enzymes, in addition to the degenerative histopathological changes in the brain and heart.
ARAP, İBRANİ, YUNAN VE TÜRK TOPLUMLARININ İNANIŞ VE MİTLERİNDE KADIN ALGISI
Authors: BAHADIR Sedat 
Published: March 2024

Serbest çağrışım yöntemiyle hareket eden mitler, doğa güçleri ve doğaüstü varlıklarla ilgili yaşanıldığına inanılan olayları anlattığından toplumların dünya görüşü, kültür politikaları ve milli şuurlarını oluşturmada ehemmiyet taşırlar. Dünyanın oluşumunu sürekli tekrarlanan bir başlangıç olarak gören Grek toplumunda ilk kadın, Toprak ana Gaia’dır. Bir kadının doğum yapması ile topraktan çıkan bitkilerin sürekliliği dikkatlerini çekmiş ve ikisi arasında bir bağ kurarak Gaia’yı tanrısallaştırmışlardır. Grekler, Bronz çağı kabileleri tarafından işgal edildiğinde Gaia’ya dua ederek kurtulacaklarını düşünmüşlerdir. Yunan inanışında Zeus’un emriyle elinde kötülük saçan bir kâseyle yeryüzüne gönderilen ilk ölümlü kadın, Pandora’dır. Bu nedenle Grek inanışında kötülük ve Pandora beraber anılmaktadır.
Semitik toplumlar içerisinde varlığını devam ettiren Arap ve İbranilerin kutsal kitaplarında yaratılışla ilgili olarak birçok ortak mekanizmaların olduğunu görmekteyiz. Âdem ile Havva’nın yaratılışı hikâyesinde önce Âdem’in çamurdan yaratılması, kaburga kemiğinden de Havva’nın yaratılması motifi, yasak meyve, şeytanın kandırması sonucu cennetten kovuluşu ve dünyanın altı günde yaratılması hikâyesi ortaktır. Bu ortak motifler içerisinde Kur’an, Tevrat, Zebur ve İncil arasında farklılıkların olduğunu söyleyebiliriz. Bu farklılıklardan biri, Kur’an’da Âdem’den sonra yaratılan Havva’yla ilgili olarak, “Âdem’in kaburga kemiklerinden yaratılan eşi” denilmektedir. Diğer üç kitapta ise Havva ismi, sıkça geçmektedir. İkincisi, Kur’an’da bahsi geçen yasak meyvenin yaratılan ölümlüler arasında önce kimin yediği hakkında bilgiye rastlanılmamasıdır. Diğer üç kutsal kitapta ise önce Havva’nın yediği, sonrasında Âdem’e yedirdiği ve bu nedenle de dolayı cennetten kovuldukları anlatılmaktadır.
Türk mitolojisinde kadın algısı, Arap, İbrani ve Yunan anlatımlarının aksine dünyanın yaratılışına ilham veren Ak Ene ve yaratıldıktan sonra koruyucu iye olarak önemli rol üstlenen Umay Ana, olumlu özellikleriyle ön plana çıkmıştır. Çalışmamızda en eski toplumlardan olan Arap, İbrani ve Yunanlıların evren ve insanın yaratılış mitlerinden günümüze kadar gelen kadın algısı incelenmiş, Türk mitolojisi ve kültürüyle karşılaştırılarak aralarındaki farklılıklar, örneklerle ortaya konmuştur.
A minimization problem with free boundary for p-Laplacian weakly coupled system
Authors: Fotouhi Morteza , Shahgholian Henrik 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this article, we consider a weakly coupled

p

p

-Laplacian system of a Bernoulli-type free boundary problem, through minimization of a corresponding functional. We prove various properties of any local minimizer and the corresponding free boundary.
Gerontological educational interventions for student nurses: a systematic review of qualitative findings
Authors: Dahlke Sherry , Rayner Jo-Anne , Fetherstonhaugh Deirdre , Butler Jeffrey I. , Kennedy Megan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objectives
This systematic review of qualitative studies explored interventions to improve student nurses’ knowledge, attitudes or willingness to work with older people. Student nurses are likely to encounter older people in all health and aged care settings, however, research demonstrates that few have career aspirations in gerontological nursing.

Methods
Qualitative systematic review method based on the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions.

Results
Search of Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, EBSCOhost and Scopus yielded 1841 articles which were screened to include primary research about educational interventions to improve student nurses’ knowledge, attitudes and/or willingness to work with older people. Data extraction was performed on the 14 included studies, and data were analysed using directed content analysis. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) was used the assess the quality of the studies.

Conclusions
Educational interventions included theory or practice courses, or a combination of theory and practice. While most interventions changed nursing students’ negative attitudes towards older people, few increased their willingness to work with them. Practice courses had the most significant impact on willingness to work with older people. Quality assessment revealed methodical limitations. More research is needed to better understand the elements of practice interventions that enhance student nurses’ knowledge, attitudes, and willingness to work with older people, so that they can be replicated.
The impact of text-audio synchronized enhancement on collocation learning from reading-while-listening: an extended replication of Jung and Lee (2023)
Authors: Jung Jookyoung , Zhang Wenrui 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This study attempted to extend Jung and Lee’s (2023. Incidental collocational learning from reading-while-listening and the impact of synchronized textual enhancement. International Review of Applied Linguistics in Language Teaching.) study to gain further insight into the pedagogical potential of text-audio synchronized enhancement on L2 collocation learning from reading-while-listening. Eighty-seven Cantonese ESL speakers read two English stories under one of four conditions, i.e., reading-only, reading-while-listening, reading-while-listening with colouring, and reading-while-listening with synchronized colouring. The stories contained 12 target adjective-pseudonoun collocations, and participants’ learning was assessed with immediate and one-week delayed posttests that consisted of recall and recognition tests. Lastly, two participants from each group produced stimulated recall comments. The results revealed that both colouring techniques significantly promoted receptive knowledge about the target collocations in the immediate posttest. Synchronized colouring, in particular, was also effective in improving immediate pseudonoun meaning recall scores and reducing reaction times to collocation recognition tests. Stimulated recalls indicated that synchronized colouring allowed for more uninterrupted processing of the stories in close alignment with the audio.
A multimodal analysis of Bob Marley’s “Natty Dread” album
Authors: Amenorvi Cosmas Rai 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This study employs social semiotics as a multimodal analytical framework to explore various communication modes employed in Bob Marley’s 1974 “Natty Dread” album to describe the Rastaman. The album’s cover design, including images, font style, and colours, carry significant meanings that contribute to the representation of the Rasta identity. Marley’s lexical choices, such as nouns, verbs, adjectives and noun phrases also play a crucial role in presenting the Rasta identity. Additionally, Marley utilises various literary devices such as repetition, metaphor, allusion, and imagery to vividly describe the Rastaman. The song titles and their arrangement on the album form a cohesive narrative depicting the Rastaman’s life. In essence, the “Natty Dread” album portrays the Rastaman as a humble individual connected to the streets. The Rastaman’s physical appearance is distinguished by his distinctive dreadlocks. His lifestyle embraces simplicity, a deep connection with nature, the pursuit of freedom and happiness, love, peace, unity, and rebellion against the oppressive establishment. Material possessions hold little importance for the Rastaman as he considers his spiritual devotion to Jah (God) and his commitment to his community paramount. Furthermore, an inseparable part of the Rastaman’s culture is his use of marijuana and music, particularly reggae, which serves as a powerful tool with which he combats social injustices and inequalities in the world.
Utilizing the phenomenon of diffraction for noise protection of roadside objects
Authors: Louda Petr , Sharko Oleksandr , Stepanchikov Dmitro , Sharko Artem , Buczkowska Katarzyna 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPresented here is a constructive solution to the challenge of utilizing the diffraction phenomenon for mitigating noise around roadside objects caused by the movement of vehicles on transportation routes. In contrast to existing prototypes, the innovation of the proposed solution lies in the creation of an active system that concentrates and directs oscillations originating from transportation sources. This active system, centered around sound absorption and reflection, establishes protective barriers and focuses on sound vibrations. The incorporation of diffraction effects within the Fraunhofer zones, along with the utilization of Fresnel lenses, directs attention towards these vibrations. The technical objective of harnessing the diffraction phenomenon for noise reduction around roadside objects involves demonstrating the feasibility of using a Fresnel zone plate (FZP) tailored for a specific oscillation frequency. This plate should demonstrate the ability to effectively manipulate sounds of varying frequencies while retaining its diffractive focusing capabilities. The intrinsic frequency characteristics of diffractive elements cannot be eliminated due to the inherent nature of sound diffraction. Consequently, it is imperative to thoroughly investigate and account for these properties. A groundbreaking discovery has been made, confirming the phenomenon of noise concentration originating from transportation sources. This revelation suggests that when a FZP is employed at frequencies other than its designed frequency, the concentration of oscillations remains. However, only the focal point of concentration shifts. Through experimentation, it has been established that the same FZP can be employed for varying wavelengths within a range of approximately ±20% while adhering to diffraction conditions. The feasibility of employing the thin lens formula to focus oscillations following the passage through a FZP has been substantiated. This solution also delves into the principal focusing, frequency, and shaping characteristics of the diffractive elements within FZPs. Furthermore, a computed estimation of the acoustic field scattered by a diffraction grating is compared against experimental data. This validates the approach and its efficacy in practical scenarios. The potential of harnessing the diffraction phenomenon to concentrate and regulate noise from transportation sources, thereby safeguarding roadside objects, is presented as a promising avenue for exploration.
Temperature-dependent calibration and temperature compensation of elastic shape-memory alloy strain sensors for fiber-reinforced composite applications
Authors: Mäder Thomas , Senf Björn , Zoch Martin , Drossel Welf-Guntram 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Strain sensors for fiber-reinforced plastics require higher elasticity and fatigue resistance than conventional strain gauges. Elastic strain sensors made of shape-memory alloys (SMA) meet this requirement. Due to greater elasticity, other procedures are required for their calibration than those recommended in standards. This paper presents a calibration method for shape-memory strain sensors as a function of ambient temperature and methods for temperature compensation are investigated. SMA strain sensors are manufactured as sensor patches from wire and layers of glass fiber fleece infiltrated with epoxy resin. The patches are bonded to bending specimens made of glass-fiber plastic composites. The calibration of the SMA sensors is implemented by means of a 4-point bending test using a self-built test stand. This is designed for operation in a climate chamber. The results show successful proof of feasibility of temperature compensation. The variation of the sensor signal in the unloaded state in the temperature response is less than 0.4 mV/V. The gauge factor depends on the temperature and is compensated by means of a regression with temperature sensor data. In combination with a temperature sensor, an almost complete compensation of the temperature-dependent behaviour is possible. A procedure is realised for calibrating SMA sensors at larger strains.