bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Families’ Experiences of Surrogate Decision-Making and Challenges of Shared Decision- Making: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Yamamoto Kanako 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Family members who make surrogate decisions tend to be emotionally burdened and may have difficulty making decisions that fit the patient’s wishes. The specific kinds of support a family needs to receive from medical practitioners to make surrogate decisions are unclear. This study aimed to identify the information and support needs of families with experience in surrogate decision-making.
Methods
This cross-sectional study used questionnaires. Family members with experience making surrogate decisions for treatments that affected the patient's life and prognosis were included. Participants were recruited using an online panel through a private research company in Japan. For the survey items, participants were asked to specify one case in which they made a surrogate decision and describe the resources they used to support their decision-making. In addition, participants were assessed on a 10-point scale to determine their sense of satisfaction with the decision, whether the decision was in accordance with the patient’s wishes, and their level of emotional burden. Knowledge and understanding of life-sustaining treatments were also investigated.
Results
Sixty participants were included. Family members were significantly more likely to perceive that they made surrogate decisions in line with the patient’s wishes than with the family’s wishes (P = 0.04). In addition, the resources used when making surrogate decisions were often discussed among family members (n = 49, 81.7%).
There was also a strong need for easy-to-understand information regarding the multiple options for patient prognosis and treatment. However, regarding knowledge of life-sustaining treatments, understanding of assisted circulation devices was low (n = 26, 43.3%). Important values when making surrogate decisions include whether the patient has recovered consciousness, their age, and survival rate.
Conclusion
Family members tended to make surrogate decisions in line with patients’ wishes. Healthcare professionals must accurately communicate information, including multiple treatment options and prognoses so that family members can determine the best treatment for patients from various perspectives. There is also a need to take an interest in the process of family discussion and provide emotional support along with decision-making, considering the emotional stress on families.
Clinical Impact of BK Viremia during Haploidentical Stem Cell Transplantation and Its Association with Hemorrhagic Cystitis
Authors: Xu Lan-Ping , Chen Yao , Zhao Xiaosu , Chen Huan , Lv Meng , Fu Haixia , Chen Yuhong , Wang Feng-Rong , Jingzhi Wang , Yan Chen-Hua , Zhang Yuan-Yuan , Mo Xiao-Dong , Zhang Xiaohui , Wang Yu , Huang XiaoJun 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Few studies have explored the clinical impact of BK virus DNAemia on haploidentical stem cell transplantation (SCT). Therefore, we retrospectively analyzed the clinical impact of BK DNAemia on haploidentical SCT between 2021 and 2023. In total, 278 patients were enrolled. BKV DNA in plasma was positive in 54 (19.4%) patients, the median time to onset was 35 days (range, 12–385) after transplantation, and the median blood BK viral load was 4970 copies/ml (191-5.04E + 9). The incidence of hemorrhagic cystitis (HC), including severe cases, was significantly higher in the BK-positive group compared to the BK-negative patients (77.8% vs. 20.5%, P < 0.001; 27.8% vs. 10.3%, P < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that a blood BKV-DNA load > 0 copies/ml had a sensitivity of 47.13% and a specificity of 93.68% for predicting HC (P < 0.0001). A BKV-DNA load > 191 copies/ml exhibited a sensitivity of 60.53% and a specificity of 87.87% for predicting severe HC (P < 0.0001). BK viremia is prevalent among haploidentical transplant recipients. Moreover, these findings suggest that BK viremia serves as an early indicator of HC development.
Crucial decisions on the management of the atrophic mandibular fractures: a ten-year prospective study of 48 injuries.
Authors: Stathopoulos Panagiotis , Parara Eleni , Krasadakis Christos , Nikolopoulou Andriana , Giannikis George , Mourouzis Constantinos 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to a) record and evaluate the epidemiological data relevant to the fractures of the atrophic mandible in the Greek population b) present our experience in the management of these difficult injuries and c) compare our results to the outcomes of other similar studies and discuss the postoperative complications.
Methods: A prospective analysis of all the edentulous patients with fractures of the atrophic mandible treated at the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department of K.A.T General Hospital of Athens in Greece was performed from November 2012 to December 2022. Age, gender and medical history of the patient, etiology and site of the fracture, classification of atrophy, type of surgical approach, type of osteosynthesis and postoperative complication.
Results: 34 patients were included in the present study and 48 fractures of the atrophic edentulous mandible were managed surgically. 22 fractures were classified as class II of atrophy, 21 fractures as class III and 5 injuries as class I. In 32 patients we used an extraoral approach and only 2 patients were treated with an intraoral access. 44 fractures were treated with a 2.0mm locking reconstruction plate and only 4 injuries of class I atrophy were treated with mini plates.
Conclusions Clinical practice has confirmed that for these cases an extraoral approach followed by stable fixation with a 2.0mm reconstruction locking plate can deliver excellent results. Our findings show that the routine use of primary bone grafts is not necessary and can be reserved for more complex cases.
Efficacy and Safety of Trabeculectomy in Pakistani Patients with Mitomycin C delivered via Sub Tenon Injection versus Conventional Soaked Sponges
Authors: Qazi Hina , Abdul Zehra , Ayub Rida , Damji Karim , Mahar Salim 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose:
Trabeculectomy with Mitomycin C (MMC) is a frequent choice for surgical intervention to effectively control intraocular pressure (IOP) in glaucoma. This study aims to compare the efficacy and safety of trabeculectomy in Pakistani patients with MMC administration by sponges versus sub-tenon injection.
Methods:
A retrospective cohort study was conducted to analyze consecutive patients who underwent trabeculectomy with MMC at Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
Complete success was defined as achieving an IOP of ≤ 15 mmHg at least one year one year post-surgery without additional anti-glaucoma medication. Qualified success was defined as IOP≤ 15 mmHg at least one year one year post-surgery with additional anti-glaucoma medications.
Results:
A total of 102 eyes from 67 patients were included in the study. Among the participants, 49%underwent trabeculectomy with MMC using the traditional sponges, while 51% underwent trabeculectomy with MMC via sub-tenon injection. At 12 months, the study revealed an overall success rate of 59% in the subtenon injection group versus 41% in the sponges group (p = 0.159) in controlling IOP. However, the sub-tenon injection group exhibited a trend towards lower IOP, achieving 100% complete surgical success versus 37% in the conventional sponges group along with displaying a lower frequency of post-operative complications (57% in the sponges-treated group vs 43% in the sub tenon injection group).
Conclusion:
Both MMC application techniques in trabeculectomy demonstrate similar efficacy and safety in Pakistani patients. The sub-tenon injection method emerges as a potentially safer alternative, offering benefits in lowering IOP and ensuring complete treatment success without the need for additional medications.
Morpho-molecular analysis and extended distribution of endemic Jasminum species (Oleaceae)
Authors: Modak Keya , Saha Bikram , Chowdhury Monoranjan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Jasmine is widely associated with aromatic applications, pharmaceuticals, phytochemicals and cosmetic industries. Application and proper identification of wild plants are becoming increasingly common globally. A detailed morphological description, domatia characters, foliar epidermal characteristics (crystal, epidermal cell wall pattern, trichome), venation types of three wild, strong aromatic Jasmines with their extended distribution are given here and also provided taxonomic key for differentiating them from related species. The morpho-taxonomic details with some additional key features and molecular characterization were performed here for proper identification. The molecular phylogeny of studied species and their closest taxa is detailed here based on the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) consensus sequence of nuclear-ribosomal DNA and highlights species specific nucleotide variations. Jasminum azoricum L. and J. malabaricum Wight are documented to have extended distribution beyond Western Ghats (India), while J. adenophyllum Wall. ex C.B.Clarke is reported here outside of Assam to Peninsula Malaysia. Critically endangered species J. azoricum is resemblance with J. flexile Vahl, but can be distinguished by the total number of flowers (8–19) per inflorescence; absence of leaf articulation; particular secondary venation type; calyx teeth length; number of petals, sepals. The fruits of J. malabaricum, a species native to the Western Ghat, are consumed by local tribals of Burdwan (India).
Numerical Investigation of Response of Steel Frames with Various Types of Beam-Column Connections under Impact Load
Authors: Hunegnaw Chalachew Bogale , Alemu Ermiyas Birehanu , Endalew Habtamu Eshetie 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

This paper presents numerical study results on the response of various structural steel beam-column connections under a falling floor impact scenario. Five different end connection types were utilized including the newly proposed reverse channel connection with extended end plate (RC-EEP). The effects of impact location and impact energy on the dynamic response of steel frames with RC-EEP connection type were investigated. Mid-span impact, 3/4th beam span impact, and the right joint impact scenarios were considered. 3-D finite element models were established using ANSYS explicit dynamic module and validated against experimental data. The results displayed a good agreement with experimental tests in terms of failure mode, displacement-time history and stress distribution. Frames with RC-FEP and RC-EEP connection types exhibited high energy dissipation capacity than beams with WUF-B and RBS connection types with respective maximum deflection of 38.7% and 31.4% higher at failure load. Moreover, Deformation, energy dissipation capability, and failure mode of steel frames with RC-EEP connection type were greatly affected by impact location and impact energy. An increase in impact energy by doubling the impact mass, while keeping the impact velocity constant, has resulted 42.4% increase in maximum deformation. Furthermore, the joint impact was seen as the critical impact causing shear failure of the assembly. The beam was able to attain greater deformation in case of mid-span. The steel frames are noticeably able to resist higher impact loads in case of impact at the mid-span compared with impact at the joint.
Analgesic and adjuvant co-prescribing in Australian and Finnish nursing homes
Authors: Dowd Laura A , Pitkälä Kaisu H , Jadczak Agathe D , Roitto Hanna-Maria , Aalto Ulla L , Saarela Riitta , Visvanathan Renuka , Liau Shin J , Cross Amanda J , Bell J Simon 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Objective
To explore the co-prescribing of analgesic and/or adjuvant medications among residents of Australian and Finnish nursing homes.
Method
Secondary cross-sectional analyses of prescribing data from residents of 12 Australian nursing homes in 2019 and 53 Finnish nursing homes or assisted living facilities in 2017−2018. Demographic characteristics and medication data were extracted from medical records and medication administration charts. Co-prescribing was defined as more than one analgesic (acetaminophen, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and opioids) and/or adjuvant (gabapentinoids, tricyclic antidepressants and duloxetine) prescribed for regular administration.
Results
Overall, 550 Australian residents (89 [IQR 84−92] years; 73.3% females) and 2423 Finnish residents (84 [IQR 65−103] years; 73.9% females) were included. Of 416 Australian residents prescribed any regular analgesic or adjuvant, 181 (43.5%) were prescribed ≥two, including 66 (15.9%) who were prescribed ≥three. Of 1406 Finnish residents prescribed any regular analgesic or adjuvant, 469 (33.4%) were prescribed ≥two, including 87 (6.2%) who were prescribed ≥three. Acetaminophen was co-prescribed to >75.0% of Australian and >28.3% of Finnish residents prescribed other analgesics or adjuvants. Of 61 Australian residents and 186 Finnish residents prescribed gabapentinoids, 38 (62.3%) and 86 (46.2%) were co-prescribed opioids. Opioids were co-prescribed to 58.8%−83.3% of Australian and 25.0%−46.2% of Finnish residents prescribed adjuvants.
Conclusions
Analgesic and adjuvant co-prescribing was more prevalent for Australian than Finnish residents, which was largely driven by acetaminophen co-prescribing to more than three-quarters of analgesic or adjuvant users in Australia. Central nervous system-active polypharmacy arising from high rates of adjuvant and opioid co-prescribing warrants further attention in both countries.
The value of fecal calprotectin measured by fluorescent immunochromatography assay in evaluating clinical and endoscopic activity in ulcerative colitis
Authors: Xu Mingyang , Li Junrong , Tu Lei , Qian Wei , Ling Fangmei , Chen Yidong , Li Shuang , Cheng Yiyu , Wang Huan , Zhu Liangru 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Aim: Fecal calprotectin (FC) levels correlate with clinical or endoscopic activity in ulcerative colitis (UC), however, these values vary widely between detection methods, and optimal cut-off values remain debated. To assess the correlation between FC levels measured by fluorescent immunochromatography assay (FICA) and disease activity and to identify optimal cut-off values for predicting clinical and endoscopic activity in UC.
Method: Patients reviewed were hospitalized at Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology between January 2021 and June 2022. All the patients had a confirmed diagnosis of UC. Clinical activity was determined using the partial Mayo score (pMS), and endoscopic activity was determined using the ulcerative colitis endoscopy index of severity (UCEIS) and Mayo endoscopic score (MES).
Results: In 109 patients with UC, FC levels were significantly correlated with pMS (r = 0.606, P <0.001), UCEIS (r = 0.753, P <0.001) and MES (r = 0.642, P<0.001). Moreover, the optimal FC cut-off values to predict clinical activity (pMS 3-12) and endoscopic activity (UCEIS 1-8 or MES 1-3) were 57.38 μg/g and 53.30 μg/g, respectively.
Conclusion: FC measured by FICA was a good predictor of clinical and endoscopic activity in patients with UC. When using FICA to detect FC, the optimal cut-off value to identify clinical activity in patients with UC was 57.38 μg/g, and a lower value should be chosen to optimize the identification of endoscopic activity in these patients, which was determined as 53.30 μg/g.
Digitizing Paper-based Military health records from Norwegian males born in 1950 – assessments of data quality and applicability in research
Authors: Vejrup Kristine , Choi Hye Jung , Strand Leif Åge , Ariansen Inger , Fadum Elin Anita 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Aim
This study aims to present and assess the quality of military health data extracted from paper-based personnel files of Norwegian men born in 1950, proposing avenues for future research.
Background
Archived military documents contain health information that can enrich the Norwegian Armed Forces Health Registry (NAFHR) with more detailed clinical measurements of older birth cohorts. However, uncertainty exists about the preservation of digital reproduction and the accuracy of clinical measurements for research purposes.
Methods
To establish an infrastructure at the National Archives of Norway, we digitized military health information covering approximately 60% (n = 17 324) of Norwegian men born in 1950. Health records were manually transcribed, and transcribed data were controlled for registered data in the NAFHR. Clinical measures were compared with results from comparable national health surveys, and variations between the conscription board health examinations and the examinations on the first day of service were explored. Transcribed cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor data were tested with logistic regression models to assess their predictive ability.
Results
The transcribed data showed good compliance and readability, with overall accurate and valid clinical measurements. While some variations existed between the two examination settings, the measurements generally aligned with the national health survey results. Several of the CVD risk factors in the cohort showed the expected associations with CVD mortality.
Conclusion
This study highlights the readability and accuracy of digitized military health data, emphasizing its potential for public health and future research through the NAFHR. Further digitization efforts promise enhanced communication and expanded research opportunities.
Optimal sample trees diameter distribution in developing allometric biomass models
Authors: Dutcă Ioan , McRoberts Ronald E. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background:
Improving forest biomass and carbon estimates is essential for sustaining the mitigation of climate change efforts in the forestry sector. An important source of uncertainty in forest estimates originates in the allometric model predictions. When developing allometric biomass models, the tree selection process is an important step that affects the model’s predictive performance. Typically, the diameter at breast height (D) range of the species is divided into D-classes, followed by random selection of sample trees within the D-classes; the number of trees in each D-class defines the sample tree D-distribution. Here, using a simulation study, we compared six types of sample tree D-distributions with respect to the precision of estimates of mean population biomass that the models produced.
Results:
The results showed that randomly selecting from each D-class a number of trees that is proportional to the basal area in that specific D-class in the population (i.e., sample trees were selected to produce a distribution of basal area in the sample that matched the distribution in the population) was the optimal D-distribution of the sample trees for minimizing the standard errors of the estimates of the population mean for a given sample size. When a-priori information about the distribution of tree attributes in the population is unknown, a uniform D-distribution represents a good alternative to the optimal sample D-distribution. Although producing the greatest precision of the estimate, the optimal D-distribution of sample trees did not produce models with the most accurate model fit (greatest coefficient of determination), suggesting that model fit alone is not a sufficient indicator of model’s predictive performance.
Conclusions:
The sample tree D-distribution affected considerably the precision of estimates of mean population biomass that the models produced. Therefore, to optimize the tree selection, and, therefore, to develop the models that produce precise estimators of the population mean, we recommend using an optimal D-distribution of the sample trees.
A Social Bot Recognition Method Combing Emojis Information
Authors: Wang Xiujuan , Wang Zhengxiang , Wang Keke , Chen Kangmiao , Gao Mingxia , Kangfeng Zheng 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The number of social bots in OSNs(Online Social Networks) ,has increased significantly, which brings great risks to social network security. Aiming at the problem of insufficient emoji usage in the existing social bot detection, this paper proposes a social account representation method combining emoji information and is used for social bot detection. The emojiswitch library was used to replace the text of emoji, and the word embedding model RoBERTa was used to obtain the tweet features. User description, user tweets, user numerical properties, user categorical properties and user relationship are combined to realize the complete emoji of social accounts. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified based on the public data set.
Multi-view Semi-supervised Learning with a Unified Graph Convolutional Network
Authors: Dornaika Fadi , Bi Jingyun 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

In recent years, the proliferation of data-driven applications across diverse fields has sparked a surge in interest in applying semi-supervised learning to graphs. This surge is driven by the widespread use of graph data structures in real-world scenarios, such as interpersonal relationships in social networks, user behavior graphs in recommender systems, and molecular interaction networks in bioinformatics. However, certain data types, like images, pose challenges due to the lack of explicit graph structures and the presence of multiple view description methods. These complexities hinder the direct application of traditional semi-supervised learning techniques to graphs. As a result, researchers are exploring the integration of semi-supervised learning with deep learning to capitalize on its rich information and improve model performance. Effectively combining graph structures with multi-view data remains a daunting task that requires further investigation. This paper presents the Linear projection Fused Graph-based Semi-supervised Classification (LFGSC) method designed specifically for multi-view data, building upon the Graph Convolutional Network (GCN) architecture. Initially, for each view, we employ a semi-supervised approach to simultaneously estimate the corresponding graph and flexible linear data representations in a low-dimensional feature space. Subsequently, an adaptive and unified graph is constructed, followed by the use of a fully connected network to fuse the projected features and reduce dimensionality. Finally, the fused features and graph are fed into a GCN for semi-supervised classification. During training, the model incorporates cross-entropy loss, manifold regularization loss, graph auto-encoder loss, and supervised contrastive loss. Leveraging linear transformation significantly reduces the input feature dimensions for GCN, resulting in high accuracy while minimizing computational overhead. Additionally, experimental results on various benchmarked multiview image datasets demonstrate the superiority of LFGSC over existing semi-supervised learning methods for multi-view scenarios. Source code: https://github.com/BiJingjun/LFGSC.