bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isolated tumor cells in lymph nodes are not a prognostic marker for patients with stage I and stage II colorectal cancer
Authors: Lee Min Ro , Hong Chang Won , Yoon Sang Nam , Lim Seok‐Byung , Park Kyu Joo , Lee Min Jin , Kim Woo Ho , Park Jae‐Gahb 
Published: December 2005

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesLymph node metastasis is an important prognostic factor for colorectal cancer (CRC). The relationship between isolated tumor cells (ITC) in lymph nodes and the prognosis is controversial. The aim of this study is to evaluate the prognostic importance of ITC in lymph nodes from patients with stage I and II CRC.MethodsWe examined all the lymph nodes obtained during surgery from 121 consecutive patients with stage I and II CRC after a curative resection in 1999 by using monoclonal antibody against cytokeratin (MNF116). Clinicopathologic data and follow‐up information were obtained from all patients. The mean follow up duration was 57 months.ResultsITC were found in 50% (60/121) of the patients. The mean number of examined lymph node was 19.3 ± 9.4. The presence of ITC was not related to clinicopathologic factors such as age, sex, location of tumor, tumor size, tumor depth, differentiation, lymphovascular invasion, and the preoperative CEA level, except for the tumor gross type (P = 0.002). There were no statistically significant differences for the recurrence rate (10/60 = 16.7% and 9/61 = 14.8%, respectively), and disease‐free survival (P = 0.809) between the ITC positive group and ITC negative group.ConclusionsThe presence of ITC detected by immunohistochemical staining does not have an influence on the prognosis of patients with stage I and II CRC. J. Surg. Oncol. 2006;93:13–18. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A new laparoscopic‐assisted hepatectomy (LAH) utilizing radiofrequency ablation and high‐frequency electrocautery
Authors: Miyazawa Mitsuo , Torii Takahiro , Toshimitsu Yasuko , Okada Katsuya , Ogawa Nobuji , Shinozuka Nozomi , Koyama Isamu 
Published: December 2005

AbstractCompared to tumors located at the edge of the liver, tumors located directly on the liver surface are often difficult to resect, especially when the organ is cirrhotic. To remove tumors at this location, our group has developed a round high‐frequency electrosurgical knife that allows hemispherical resection of the liver tissue. This study describes a new laparoscopic‐assisted hepatectomy utilizing radiofrequency ablation of the tissue surrounding the tumor and high‐frequency electrocautery. When compared with the laparoscopic hepatectomy, this new procedure seems to offer a safer, more effective, and less time‐consuming means of resecting tumors on the liver surface. J. Surg. Oncol. 2006;93:68–71. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The trans‐metastasis hepatectomy (through metastases previously ablated with radiofrequency): Results of a 13‐case study of colorectal cancer
Authors: Elias Dominique , Manganas Dimitri , Benizri Emmanuel , Dufour Fanny , Menegon Paola , El Harroudi Tijani , de Baere Thierry 
Published: December 2005

AbstractBackgroundCurative trans‐metastasis liver resection immediately following radiofrequency (RF) destruction is a new technique that enables the proposition of a curative approach to patients with bilateral, unresectable liver metastases (LM), when the only possible future hepatectomy plane passes through a LM. Firstly, the ill‐sited LM, which is located in the only feasible future hepatectomy plane, is ablated using RF; the hepatectomy is then performed through this ablated LM.AimThe aim of this study is to report the feasibility and efficacy of this new approach, known as post‐RF‐trans‐metastasis‐hepatectomy (PRFTMH).Materials and MethodsThirteen patients with colorectal primary cancer were treated with PRFTMPH between January 2000 and May 2004. The mean number of LMs per patient was 10.7. Preoperative hypertrophy of the future remaining liver was achieved by selective portal vein embolization in eight patients.ResultsThe mortality rate was 7.6% (one death), and morbidity was 24%. No local recurrence was observed at the PRTMPH site after a mean follow‐up of 19.4 months (range: 47–10), demonstrating the efficacy of this technique. All patients, except those who died postoperatively, are currently alive; the median survival has not yet been attained after a mean follow‐up of 19.4 months.ConclusionTMPRFH is a new and safe technique, combining RF ablation and trans‐RF‐hepatectomy, which makes it possible to propose a curative approach in certain patients with non‐resectable bilateral LMs. J. Surg. Oncol. 2006;93:8–12. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Expression of chymase‐positive cells in gastric cancer and its correlation with the angiogenesis
Authors: Kondo Keisaku , Muramatsu Michiko , Okamoto Yukiko , Jin Denan , Takai Shinji , Tanigawa Nobuhiko , Miyazaki Mizuo 
Published: December 2005

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesChymase is expressed in mast cells and induces angiogenesis via activation of angiotensin II and matrix metalloproteinase‐9. However, it has been unclear whether chymase is involved in the pathophysiology of angiogenesis in gastric cancer. To clarify the contribution of chymase to angiogenesis in gastric cancer, we assessed the relationship between chymase‐positive cells and tumor angiogenesis.MethodsWe evaluated chymase‐positive cells and microvessels using anti‐human chymase and anti‐CD34 antibodies in 168 cases of gastric cancer, respectively.ResultsChymase‐positive cells in gastric tumor region were significantly higher than the cells in normal region. The number of chymase‐positive cells in the undifferentiated type of gastric tumor region was significantly higher than the one in the differentiated type. Specimens from patients with advanced histological stages of disease had more chymase‐positive cells than those with early‐stage disease. There was a significant positive correlation between chymase‐positive cells and microvessels in gastric cancer specimens. Postoperative survival curves revealed that patients with a high number of chymase‐positive cells had a poor prognosis.ConclusionsThese results suggest that accumulation of chymase‐positive cells in gastric cancer may lead to an increase of tumor angiogenesis, and may contribute to tumor growth and progression. J. Surg. Oncol. 2006;93:36–42. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Combination of NIR, Raman, Ultrasonic and Dielectric Spectroscopy for In‐Line Monitoring of the Extrusion Process
Authors: Alig Ingo , Fischer Dieter , Lellinger Dirk , Steinhoff Bernd 
Published: December 2005

AbstractDetermination of melt composition and/or morphology by fast, reliable and accurate in‐line methods is highly desired in polymer industry. In‐line spectroscopic methods like near infrared (NIR), Raman or ultrasonic spectroscopy are such reliable methods for process control without time consuming sampling and off‐line analytics. As the number of in‐line techniques available is increasing, it becomes increasingly difficult for manufacturers and plastic processors to choose the right method or combination of methods for their needs and to keep track of the growing amount of information. Therefore, we combined different in‐line techniques in one slit die in order to compare their potential for various systems such as composites and blends. One installation consists of a combination of NIR and Raman spectroscopy, rheometry and ultrasonic measurements. Another installation bases on a slit die developed for rheology which was equipped with dielectric and ultrasonic sensors. The results of the applied in‐line methods are compared and the specific advantages and drawbacks are discussed.
Mechanistic investigations of antimony‐catalyzed polycondensation in the synthesis of poly(ethylene terephthalate)
Authors: El‐Toufaili Faissal‐Ali , Feix Gunter , Reichert Karl‐Heinz 
Published: December 2005

AbstractThe chemical aspects of poly(ethylene terephthalate) synthesis via the antimony‐catalyzed polycondensation of hydroxy ethylene terephthalate end groups were studied to elucidate its mechanism. A polycondensation mechanism was proposed in which activation occurs by the formation of a chelate ligand on antimony composed of the hydroxyl end group and alcoholic oxygen of the ester of the same end group. The rate‐determining step of the polycondensation reaction was concluded to be the coordination of a second chain end to antimony. The low activity of antimony at a high concentration of hydroxyl end groups was proposed to result from the competition between hydroxyl end groups and the chelate structure leading to the transition state. The high selectivity of antimony is probably due to its relatively low Lewis acidity. Moreover, antimony was found to stabilize hydroxyl end groups against degradation by preventing their complexation to carbonyl functionalities. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 1049‐1059, 2006
A new hybrid electrospray Fourier transform mass spectrometer: design and performance characteristics
Authors: O'Connor Peter B. , Pittman Jason L. , Thomson Bruce A. , Budnik Bogdan A. , Cournoyer Jason C. , Jebanathirajah Judith , Lin Cheng , Moyer Susanne , Zhao Cheng 
Published: December 2005

AbstractA new hybrid electrospray quadrupole Fourier transform mass spectrometry (FTMS) instrument design is shown and characterized. This instrument involves coupling an electrospray source and mass‐resolving quadrupole, ion accumulation, and collision cell linear ion trap system developed by MDS Sciex with a home‐built ion guide and ion cyclotron resonance (ICR) cell. The iterative progression of this design is shown. The final design involves a set of hexapole ion guides to transfer the ions from the accumulation/collision trap through the magnetic field gradient and into the cell. These hexapole ion guides are separated by a thin gate valve and two conduction limits to maintain the required <10−9 mbar vacuum for FTICR. Low‐attomole detection limits for a pure peptide are shown, 220 000 resolving power in broadband mode and 820 000 resolving power in narrow‐band mode are demonstrated, and mass accuracy in the <2 ppm range is routinely available provided the signal is abundant, cleanly resolved, and internally calibrated. This instrument design provides high experimental flexibility, allowing Q2 CAD, SORI‐CAD, IRMPD, and ECD experiments with selected ion accumulation as well as experiments such as nozzle skimmer dissociation. Initial top‐down mass spectrometry experiments on a protein is shown using ECD. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Development of a liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry assay for the quantification of lisinopril in human plasma
Authors: Huang Jinchang , Xu Yu , Liu Fei , Gao Shu , Guo Qingxiang 
Published: December 2005

AbstractA simple and sensitive liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry method employing electrospray ionization, to quantify lisinopril in human plasma using pseudoephedrine hydrochloride as the internal standard (IS), has been developed and validated. A mixture of methanol and 0.1% formic acid in water (50:50, v/v) was used as the isocratic mobile phase. A simple liquid‐liquid extraction procedure was used as sample preparation method. The method validation demonstrated the specificity, lower limit of quantification, accuracy, and precision of measurements. Selected reaction monitoring was specific for lisinopril and pseudoephedrine hydrochloride; no endogenous materials from blank plasma interfered with the analysis of lisinopril or the IS. The assay was linear over the concentration range 0.78–100 ng/mL. The correlation coefficients for the calibration curves ranged from 0.9984–0.9998. The intra‐ and inter‐day precision, determined for quality control samples, were less than 4.18%. The method was employed in a pharmacokinetic study after oral administration of 10 mg lisinopril to 20 healthy volunteers. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Portals: Where We Are and the Road Ahead
Authors: Drane Simon 
Published: December 2005

This article aims to give an overview of the current position of the legal portal market (primarily law firms) and to offer some predictions for the road ahead. The key areas covered will include:[bull ] What are portals? Some basic definitions[bull ] Why might you need a portal?[bull ] What can you do with a portal?[bull ] Where we are at present with portals: technologies and usage[bull ] Key considerations for portal projects[bull ] Future predictions for legal portals
NEW ENTRANTS ON THE ESTONIAN LABOUR MARKET: A COMPARISON WITH THE EU COUNTRIES
Authors: Saar Ellu 
Published: December 2005

ABSTRACT
The aim of this paper is to present a descriptive overview of patterns and labour market outcomes characterising the labour market entry in Estonia compared to the EU countries. The assumption that labour market institutions and educational systems have an impact on the labour market entry process makes up the starting point for the formulation of the hypotheses. The hypotheses have been formulated on the basis of the comparison between the educational systems as well as labour market institutions in Estonia and in the EU countries. The paper draws upon data from the Estonian Labour Force Survey (ELFS) 2002 and from the 1997 ELFS’ macro level data about the EU countries. The paper will present evidence concerning differences in labour market outcomes between new entrants and experienced workers. Based on macro level data, the analysis will attempt to empirically identify distinct country clusters.
Survival benefit of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma larger than 10 cm in diameter
Authors: HUANG Y.‐H. , WU J.‐C. , CHEN S.‐C. , CHEN C.‐H. , CHIANG J.‐H. , HUO T.‐I. , LEE P.‐C. , CHANG F.‐Y. , LEE S.‐D. 
Published: December 2005

SummaryBackgroundThe safety and survival benefit of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for patients with huge hepatocellular carcinoma is uncertain.AimTo evaluate the role of embolization in unresectable hepatocellular carcinomas larger than 10 cm.MethodsTwenty‐six consecutive patients who had an unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma larger than 10 cm and refused aggressive treatment, were enrolled as the control group. Another 31 patients matching with the control cases and undergoing embolization for huge unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma served as the embolization group. Survival between the two groups was compared.ResultsTwo patients (7%) died from embolization‐related complications. Patients in embolization group had longer survival than those in control group (median survival: 9.13 vs. 2.1 months). The 1‐, 3‐ and 5‐year survival rates in embolization group were 42%, 13% and 7% respectively. The 1‐ and 3‐year survival rates for patients in control group were 8% and 0% respectively. In multivariate analysis, embolization and prothrombin ratio ≤1.2 were two independent factors associated with a better survival.ConclusionsEmbolization‐related mortality is low for huge hepatocellular carcinoma, and the technique provides survival benefit in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinomas larger than 10 cm in diameter.
Switch therapy with ciprofloxacin vs. intravenous ceftazidime in the treatment of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in patients with cirrhosis: similar efficacy at lower cost
Authors: ANGELI P. , GUARDA S. , FASOLATO S. , MIOLA E. , CRAIGHERO R. , DEL PICCOLO F. , ANTONA C. , BROLLO L. , FRANCHIN M. , CILLO U. , MERKEL C. , GATTA A. 
Published: December 2005

SummaryBackgroundIntravenous administration of a third‐generation cephalosporin is optimal antibiotic treatment for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.AimsTo compare an intravenous–oral step‐down schedule with ciprofloxacin (switch therapy) to intravenous ceftazidime in the treatment of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, and to evaluate the impact of terlipressin and albumin in the treatment of type 1 hepatorenal syndrome on mortality.MethodsA total of 116 cirrhotic patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, were randomly given switch therapy with ciprofloxacin (61 patients) or intravenous ceftazidime (55 patients). All patients who developed type 1 hepatorenal syndrome were treated with terlipressin (2–12 mg/day) and albumin (20–40 g/day).ResultsResolution of infection was achieved in 46/55 patients treated with ceftazidime (84%) and in 49/61 patients treated with ciprofloxacin (80%,P = N.S.). An intravenous–oral step‐down schedule was possible in 50/61 patients (82%) who received ciprofloxacin; 45/61 patients (74%) were discharged before the end of antibiotic treatment and completed it at home. The mean saving per patient due to the reduction of hospital stay in the ciprofloxacin group was 1150 €. Type 1 hepatorenal syndrome was treated successfully in 12/19 patients (63%). As a consequence, the in‐hospital mortality rate due to infection was 10%.ConclusionsSwitch therapy with cephalosporin is more cost‐effective than intravenous ceftazidime in the treatment of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhotic patients who are not on prophylaxis with quinolones.
Perforated peptic ulcer: use of pre‐admission oral glucocorticoids and 30‐day mortality
Authors: CHRISTENSEN S. , RIIS A. , NØRGAARD M. , THOMSEN R. W. , TØNNESEN E. M. , LARSSON A. , SØRENSEN H. T. 
Published: December 2005

SummaryBackgroundDespite evidence that use of glucocorticoids increases the risk of complicated peptic ulcer disease, limited data exist on how use of oral glucocorticoids affects outcome for patients with peptic ulcer perforation.AimTo examine 30‐day mortality from peptic ulcer perforation among pre‐admission oral glucocorticoid users compared with non‐users.MethodsWe identified 2061 patients with a first‐time hospital discharge diagnosis of perforated peptic ulcer, using population‐based discharge registries in three Danish counties. Data on use of glucocorticoids and other ulcer‐related drugs, previous hospitalizations for uncomplicated peptic ulcer disease, and comorbidity were obtained from discharge registries and prescription databases. Follow‐up data on mortality were provided by the Danish Civil Registry System.ResultsA total of 228 patients (11.1%) were exposed to glucocorticoids within 60 days of admission. Overall 30‐day mortality rate was 25.2%, the corresponding rate among current glucocorticoid users was 39.4%. Compared with ‘never users’, the adjusted mortality ratio among current users of oral glucocorticoids alone was 2.1 (95% CI: 1.5–3.1). Among current users of oral glucocorticoids in combination with other ulcer‐related drugs the mortality ratio was 1.5 (95% CI: 1.1–2.1).ConclusionPre‐admission use of oral glucocorticoids is associated with up to a twofold increase in 30‐day mortality among patients hospitalized with perforated peptic ulcer.
The effect of single‐dose naproxen on eicosanoid formation in human gastroduodenal mucosa
Authors: TREIBER G. , WEX T. , LINK A. , VIETH M. , LAUFER S. , MALFERTHEINER P. 
Published: December 2005

SummaryBackgroundIn animal studies, aspirin and non‐aspirin non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs contribute to gastroduodenal damage via cyclo‐oxygenase inhibition and consecutive leucotriene formation (COX‐LOX eicosanoid shunt).Aim and methodsTenHelicobacter pylori‐negative healthy volunteers received a single dose of 500 mg naproxen to address two questions: (i) is there a crosstalk between eicosanoids before medication in the human gastroduodenal mucosa and (ii) can we demonstrate a COX‐LOX shunt following single‐dose naproxen?ResultsSignificant correlations in the stomach mucosa before medication were obtained between leucotriene B4 (LTB4) and thromboxane B2(TxB2;r = −0.38,P = 0.05), as well as LTB4 and prostaglandin E2(PGE2;r = 0.71,P < 0.0001). In serum, a >90% inhibition of TxB2and PGE2occurred within 30 min of naproxen administration. In gastric mucosa, a significant decrease of TxB2occurred already at 15 min and preferably in the antrum. For LTB4 there was a non‐significant trend towards a transient increase. Mucosal PGE2was unchanged in all regions; transcript levels of both cyclo‐oxygenases/5‐lipoxygenase were unaffected (except for a trend of increasing cyclo‐oxygenase‐2 in the corpus).ConclusionsBaseline correlations between LTB4‐TxB2and LTB4‐PGE2reflect a crosstalk between these eicosanoids. A COX‐LOX shunt; however, cannot be demonstrated following single‐dose naproxen in a low‐risk population.
Cell cycle‐dependent expression regulation by the proteasome pathway and characterization of the nuclear targeting signal of a Leishmania major Kin‐13 kinesin
Authors: Dubessay Pascal , Blaineau Christine , Bastien Patrick , Tasse Lena , Van Dijk Juliette , Crobu Lucien , Pagès Michel 
Published: December 2005

SummaryThe LmjF01.0030 gene of Leishmania major Friedlin, annotated as ‘MCAK‐like’, was confirmed as a kinesin with an internally located motor domain and termed LmjKIN13‐1. Both the native form of the protein and a green fluorescent protein (GFP)‐fused recombinant version were shown to be exclusively intranuclear, and, more specifically, to localize to the spindle and spindle poles. Cell cycle‐dependent regulation of the protein levels was demonstrated using synchronized Leishmania cells: LmjKIN13‐1 was highly abundant in the G2+M phase and present at very low levels after mitosis. Altogether, these features suggest that this protein participates in mitosis. The construction of systematic deletion mutants allowed the localization of the primary sequence regions responsible for nuclear targeting on the one hand, and for cell cycle‐dependent variations on the other hand. A 42‐amino‐acid region of the carboxy(C)‐terminal domain mediates nuclear import and could be defined as an atypical nuclear localization signal. Protein level regulation during the cell cycle was shown to also depend upon the C‐terminal domain, where apparently redundant degradation signals are present. Putative degradation signals appear to be present on both sides and inside the nuclear localization signal. Further experiments strongly suggest a role for the ubiquitin/proteasome pathway in this cell cycle‐dependent regulation. These data underline the importance of post‐translational regulation of protein abundance in this ancestral eukaryote where transcriptional regulation seems to be rare or near absent.