bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical activity and personal characteristics associated with depression and suicide in American college men
Authors: Paffenbarger R. S. , Lee I.‐M. , Leung R. 
Published: August 2007

Among Harvard alumni aged 35–74 in 1962 or 1966, incidence rates of physician‐diagnosed depression, together with suicide rates, were examined during a 23–27‐year follow‐up period, by antecedent physical activity habits and other personal characteristics. A total of 387 first attacks of depression developed among 10,201 alumni who survived through 1988; 129 suicides occurred among 21,569 alumni during follow‐up through 1988. Depression rates were lower among the physically active and sports players, higher among cigarette smokers, unrelated to alcohol consumption, and higher among alumni reporting such personality traits as insomnia, exhaustion, cyclothymia, and self‐consciousness. Suicide rates were largely unrelated to antecedent physical activity and alcohol consumption, higher among smokers, and substantially higher among men reporting the personality traits that predicted increased rates of depression.Report number LIII in a series on chronic disease in former college students.
Interviews with psychiatric inpatients about professional intervention with regard to their children
Authors: Wang A.‐R. , Goldschmidt V. V. 
Published: August 2007

Wang, A‐R, Goldschmidt, V V. Interviews with psychiatric inpatients about professional intervention with regard to their children Acta Psychiatr Scand 1996: 93: 57–61. © Munksgaard 1996.A description of mentally ill parents' experience and points of view concerning professional intervention in relation to their young children is presented in this paper. The results are from an interview survey designed with the purpose of improving the basis for cooperation between mentally ill patients and professionals, when intervention in relation to these patients' children is needed. Fifty consecutively admitted psychiatric inpatients with children 0–10 years old were interviewed by child psychiatrists and their information constitutes the study material. Data concerning the family situations and children have been published previously. One quarter of the patients had experienced having children placed in institutions or with foster families. Forty per cent had never received professional help related to their children. One third of the patients expressed a need for support, which was not presently received. A large group of patients did not know where to go for help related to children or would not be comfortable doing so. When making a global assessment of the childrens' situation based on the study material the child psychiatrists found reason for concern in regard to approximately 80% of the children. In most cases their views were in accordance with those of the mentally ill parents. Clinical implications concerning planning of intervention in regard to children of mentally ill parents are discussed.
Paroxetine and amitriptyline in the treatment of depression in general practice
Authors: Christiansen P. E. , Behnke K. , Black C. H. , Öhrström J. K. , Bork‐Rasmussen H. , Nilsson J. 
Published: August 2007

Christiansen PE, Behnke K, Black CH, Öhrström JK, Bork‐Rasmussen H, Nilsson J. Paroxetine and amitriptyline in the treatment of depression in general practice. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1996: 93: 158–163. © Munksgaard 1996.A total of 144 outpatients in general practice in Denmark, aged 18–65 years and diagnosed as suffering from depression with a HAMD‐17 score of 15 or more, were included in this 8‐week double‐blind, randomised, multicentre, controlled, parallel group comparison of paroxetine versus amitriptyline. The purpose of the study was primarily to evaluate efficacy and tolerance of treatment. In addition, focus was added on weight change and subjective well‐being. The efficacy results showed equal effect of both drugs. However, paroxetine was tolerated better than amitriptyline, and this difference reached the level of significance when four non‐evaluable patients were taken out of the analysis. Moreover, there was a significant weight increase in the amitriptyline group and no significant weight change in the paroxetine group. There was no difference between the groups as regards subjective well‐being as measured by the VAS. In conclusion, paroxetine is an effective and well‐tolerated antidepressant, and well‐suited for the treatment of depression in general practice.
Avoidant personality disorder and taijin kyoufu: Sociocultural implications of the WHO/ADAMHA International Study of Personality Disorders in Japan
Authors: Ono Y. , Yoshimura K. , Sueoka R. , Yamauchi K. , Mizushima H. , Momose T. , Nakamura K. , Okonogi K. , Asai M. 
Published: August 2007

Ono Y, Yoshimura K, Sueoka R, Yamauchi K, Mizushima H, Momose T, Nakamura K, Okonogi K, Asai M. Avoidant personality disorder and taijin kvoufu: Sociocultural implications of the WHO/ ADAMHA International Study of Personality Disorders in Japan. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1996: 93: 172–176. © Munksgaard 1996.This paper discusses the characteristics of avoidant personality disorder in a cultural context based on the Japanese concept of taijin kyoufu as well as that of DSM‐III‐R and DSM‐IV Social phobia. Sixty‐six patients were given the International Personality Disorder Examination and questionnaires including the Beck Anxiety Inventory. Among the 23 DSM‐III‐R personality disorder patients, 8 patients were diagnosed as having avoidant personality disorder. Six of them were suffering from taijin kyoufu symptoms. Among 27 ICD personality disorder patients, 22 patients were diagnosed as having ICD anxious personality disorder. All DSM avoidant patients were included in the ICD anxious group. These findings suggest that patients with avoidant personality disorder have had a long history of difficulties and share common personality problems with a milder form of taijin kyoufu, which is conceptually different from Social phobia.
Sex differential for suicide among Austrian age cohorts
Authors: Etzersdorfer E. , Piribaue F. , Sonneck G. 
Published: August 2007

Etzersdorfer E, Piribauer F, Sonneck G. Sex differential for suicide among Austrian age cohorts.Scand 1996: 93: 240–245. © Munksgaard 1996.The suicide mortality data in Austria were studied over a period of four decades of continuous reporting. The data were studied for age, period and cohort effects. For the period 1951 to 1990 suicides among eight birth cohorts, born between 1932 and 1975, show a marked sex differential in time trends. Up to 1985, the rates increase in a constant manner for males in all age groups, in contrast to females. Results obtained using the Poisson regression models demonstrate a 35% (incidence rate ratio (IRR), 1.35%; 95% CI, 1.27–1.45) increased risk for male cohorts born later compared with those born earlier. The risk for later‐born females was not increased (IRR, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.91–1.17). Explanations such as improved living conditions for Austrian women remain tentative, however, as age, period and cohort effects cannot be separated as independent variables in the suicide mortality data available in Austria.
Discriminant validity of the inventory to diagnose depression, lifetime version
Authors: Sakado K. , Sato T. , Uehara T. , Sato S. , Kameda K. 
Published: August 2007

Sakado K, Sato T, Uehara T, Sato S, Kameda K. Discriminant validity of the inventory to diagnose depression, lifetime version.Scand 1996: 93: 257–260. © Munksgaard 1996.We examined the discriminant validity of the Inventory to Diagnose Depression, lifetime version (IDDL), that is, a self‐report instrument designed to diagnose a lifetime history of major depressive disorder. Remitted patients with major depression (MD), remitted patients with anxiety disorders (ADS) and controls completed the IDDL. The IDDL results were then compared in the three contrasts: MD vs. ADs + controls, MD vs. ADS, and MD vs. controls. The agreement between the IDDL and clinical diagnoses was high in each of the three contrasts, and the IDDL total score in the MD group was the highest among the three groups and distinguished from the ADS group or controls. However, the IDDL occasionally diagnosed subjects with a lifetime history of ADS as having a lifetime history of MD.
Incidence and sex ratio of transsexualism in Sweden
Authors: Landén M. , Wålindel J. , Lundström B. 
Published: August 2007

Landén M, Wålinder J, Lundström B. Incidence and sex ratio of transsexualism in Sweden.Acta Psychiatr Scand 1996: 93: 261–263. © Munksgaard 1996.The incidence and sex ratio of transsexualism in Sweden were calculated during the period between 1 July 1972 and 30 June 1992 using a case register kept on file at the Swedish Bureau of Social Welfare. Only cases of primary/genuine transsexualism were considered. The study is unique in that it has been performed in exactly the same way as a previous study by one of the authors (JW) in the 1960s and early 1970s. The data can therefore be reliably compared. The results show that the incidence figures remain constant over time and that the incidence of primary/genuine transsexualism is equally common in men and women. A larger group consisting of all those individuals who had applied for sex reassignment revealed a preponderance of men. Analysis showed that this large group included not only primary/genuine transsexuals but also effeminate homosexuals, transvestites and diagnostically uncertain cases. The importance of describing the exact methods used when calculating epidemiological data is highlighted.
Epidemiology of eating behaviour and weight distribution in 14– to 19‐year‐old Swiss students
Authors: Buddeberg‐Fischer B. , Bernet R. , Sieber M. , Schmid J. , Buddeberg C. 
Published: August 2007

Buddeberg‐Fischer B, Bernet R, Sieber M, Schmid J, Buddeberg C. Epidemiology of eating behaviour and weight distribution in 14– to 19‐year‐old Swiss students.Scand 1996: 93: 296–304. © Munksgaard 1996.A sample consisting of 1944 Swiss students of both sexes was investigated with regard to distribution over weight categories based on BMI age percentiles and eating behaviour (EAT‐26) in relation to age, sex and socio‐economic status (SES). In addition, the relationship between BMI and Eating Attitudes Test scores was analysed. More subjects than expected were found to be in the obese weight categories. No clear effect of age and sex on the distribution of the sample across the five BMI classes was observed. There was an inverse relationship between BMI and socio‐economic status. On the EAT scale girls scored twice as high as boys. Age had no effect on the EAT scores in females, although it did in males. Socio‐economic status and EAT scores were inversely associated. Three risk categories based on the EAT scores were described: EAT 0–9 = no risk (77.5% girls, 93.0'%1 boys), EAT 10–19 = low risk (14.1% girls, 5.5% boys), and EAT © 20 = high risk (8.3% girls, 1.5%, boys). With regard to both aspects, weight and eating behaviour, female students showed more disturbed eating behaviour and fewer instances of deviation from normal weight. In male subjects there were more deviations from normal weight than instances of disturbed eating behaviour.
Prevalence of OPG and IL‐1 gene polymorphisms in chronic periodontitis
Authors: Wagner Judith , Kaminski Wolfgang E. , Aslanidis Charalampos , Moder Daniel , Hiller Karl‐Anton , Christgau Michael , Schmitz Gerd , Schmalz Gottfried 
Published: August 2007

AbstractAim: To investigate the association of polymorphisms in the osteoprotegerin (OPG) and interleukin 1 (IL‐1) genes with chronic periodontitis (CP).Material and Methods: One hundred and ninety‐four individuals (97 CP patients, 97 controls) were genotyped for the OPG polymorphisms Lys3Asn and Met256Val and for the IL‐1 polymorphisms IL‐1A (−889C/T) and IL‐1B (+3953C/T).Results: The homozygous variants coding for Lys3 were present at a higher frequency, whereas Asn3 and Met256 were present at a lower frequency in CP patients/controls (Lys3: 31%/25%, Asn3: 23%/32% and Met256: 66%/73%). Heterozygosity for Lys3Asn was observed at a higher frequency in CP patients/controls (46%/43%). Homozygosity for the Val256 genotype was observed in two CP patients (one in controls). Met256Val heterozygosity was more prevalent in CP patients/controls (32%/20%). All differences were statistically not significant between CP patients and controls. In contrast, both IL‐1 polymorphisms were statistically significant. The heterozygous variant for IL‐1A was present in 32% of the CP patients and in 20% of the controls (homozygosity (patients/controls) CC: 10%/21% and TT: 55%/33%). Heterozygosity for IL‐1B was observed in 37% of the CP patients versus 34% in the controls (homozygosity (patients/controls) CC: 26%/57% and TT: 37%/9%).Conclusion: While the association between the IL‐1 polymorphisms and CP was confirmed, no association between the OPG polymorphisms and CP could be found.
Cutaneous lesions of dermatomyositis with supervening fibrosis
Authors: Magro Cynthia M. , Dyrsen Molly , Kerns Mary Jo 
Published: August 2007

Background:  Dermatomyositis (DM) is a distinctive systemic connective tissue disease whereby the skin defines a cardinal site of involvement. There exists a body of literature, which suggests that a significant component of its clinical manifestations may be related to endothelial cell injury. We have postulated in the past that anti‐endothelial cell antibodies may be the defining trigger leading to endothelial cell dysfunction. The primary organs affected by DM are the skin and muscle. A significant albeit rare complication is pulmonary fibrosis, which our recent study postulated to be attributable to an autoimmune endothelialitis.Design:  We describe six patients, four women and two men who ranged in age from 3 to 60 years, and had classic clinical presentations and cutaneous lesions of DM without any supervening clinical changes indicative of cutaneous sclerosis.Results:  Skin biopsies showed cell‐poor interface dermatitis with variable dermal mucin and C5b‐9 within the cutaneous vasculature. However, at variance with classic DM was the presence of a sclerodermoid tissue reaction, which was of variable depth. All of these patients had severe muscle involvement. One pediatric patient had concomitant significant cutaneous, central nervous system and oral mucosal ischemic infarcts. Significant pulmonary disease ensued in the four adult patients, manifesting as pulmonary fibrosis in two, diffuse alveolar damage in one and diaphragmatic failure in one. In three patients, direct immunofluorescent studies were corroborative of immune‐based microvascular injury while Western blot and/or indirect immunofluorescent studies showed anti‐endothelial cell antibody activity within the serum of three patients.Conclusions:  The identification of sclerosis in biopsies of skin lesions typical clinically for DM may be a harbinger for more severe autoimmune‐based endothelial cell injury phenomenon. One could speculate that its basis may be attributable to elevated serum levels of the natural fibrogenic factor, transforming growth factor β, which in turn is released from damaged endothelium.
Does the panel of cytokeratin 20 and androgen receptor antibodies differentiate desmoplastic trichoepithelioma from morpheaform/infiltrative basal cell carcinoma?
Authors: Katona Terrence M. , Perkins Susan M. , Billings Steven D. 
Published: August 2007

Background:  Evaluation of androgen receptor (AR) and cytokeratin 20 (CK20) expression can aid in distinguishing between conventional basal cell carcinoma (characteristically AR+, CK20−) and trichoepithelioma (frequently AR−, CK20+). Within these two groups of tumors, morpheaform/infiltrative basal cell carcinoma (mBCC) and desmoplastic trichoepithelioma (DTE) are particularly challenging to differentiate both clinically and histologically. We investigated whether AR and CK20 immunostains may distinguish between mBCC and DTE.Methods:  Immunohistochemistry for AR and CK20 was performed on 15 DTEs and 31 mBCCs. Any immunoreactivity within the tumor for AR or CK20 was considered positive.Results:  AR expression was seen in 13% (2/15) of DTE and 65% (20/31) of mBCC cases (chi‐square p = 0.0011). CK20‐positive Mërkel cells were identified in 100% (15/15) of DTE and 3% (1/31) of mBCC (chi‐square p < 0.0001). The expected pattern of AR−, CK20+ immunophenotype was present in 87% (13/15) of DTE cases. In mBCC, 61% (19/31) was AR+, CK20−. No DTE was AR+, CK20− and no mBCC was AR−, CK20+.Conclusions:  Immunohistochemical stains for AR and CK20 are useful to differentiate DTE from mBCC. The AR−, CK20+ immunophenotype is sensitive (87%) and specific for DTE (100%). The AR+, CK20− immunophenotype is specific (100%) and moderately sensitive (61%) for mBCC.
The BMP signaling and its Smads in mandibular distraction osteogenesis
Authors: Khanal A , Yoshioka I , Tominaga K , Furuta N , Habu M , Fukuda J 
Published: August 2007

Aim:  The aim of the present study was to clarify the mechanism of signal transduction of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) through their specific down signaling molecules Smads inducing bone formation in response to mechanical stimulus during distraction osteogenesis (DO) in the rat mandible.Materials and methods:  Osteotomy of the left mandible was performed in 45 rats. Thirty rats underwent mandibular distraction (protocol; 5 days latency, 8 days distraction, and 2 weeks consolidation) while 15 rats served as non‐distracted (fracture healing) group. The expression of BMPs‐2,‐4 and Smads 1, 5, and 8 were evaluated in the new regenerate area using immunohistochemistry.Results:  Expressions of BMPs‐2,‐4 and Smads 1, 5, and 8 were moderate during latency, significantly increased during distraction and decreased towards consolidation period.Conclusions:  The enhanced expression of BMPs and its Smads during distraction compared to the non‐distracted group suggests the possible role of BMP signaling pathway in translation of mechanical forces into biological results during DO.
Evaluation of Factors Influencing Resonance Frequency Analysis Values, at Insertion Surgery, of Implants Placed in Sinus‐Augmented and Nongrafted Sites
Authors: Degidi Marco , Daprile Giuseppe , Piattelli Adriano , Carinci Francesco 
Published: August 2007

ABSTRACTBackground  The immediate loading technique requires a high primary stability. Resonance frequency analysis (RFA) has been proposed to assess this stability with a quantitative method.Purpose  The aim of the present study was to evaluate if a good primary stability could be achieved in sites that had undergone a sinus augmentation procedure and also to evaluate the importance of different clinical factors in the determination of resonance frequency values at implant insertion.Materials and Methods  In 14 patients, 80 implants were inserted. Sixty‐three implants were inserted in a site previously treated with a sinus augmentation procedure, while 17 implants were inserted in healed or postextraction sites. For each implant, diameter, length, bone density, insertion torque, RFA value, and percentage of implant fixed to a nongrafted bone were recorded.Results  Grafted sites showed high RFA values. A statistically significant positive correlation was found between resonance frequency values and implant diameter (p=0.007), implant length (p=0.02), diameter of the last bur used (p=0.01). No statistically significant correlation between RFA values and all the other variables considered was found.Conclusions  Sites treated with sinus augmentation procedures can offer good primary stability after 6 months of healing. The length and diameter of the implants, together with the geometry of the implant used, are important to obtain high RFA values.
Maxillary Sinus Augmentation Using Sinus Membrane Elevation and Peripheral Venous Blood for Implant‐Supported Rehabilitation of the Atrophic Posterior Maxilla: Case Series
Authors: Hatano Naoki , Sennerby Lars , Lundgren Stefan 
Published: August 2007

ABSTRACTBackground  Dental implants need appropriate bone volume for adequate stability in the rehabilitation after tooth loss. In the severely atrophic posterior maxilla, the clinical success of implant treatment sometimes requires a vertical ridge augmentation in the maxillary sinus floor.Purpose  The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate a maxillary sinus floor augmentation technique using a replaceable bone window, elevation of the membrane, placement of implants, and injection of the patient’s own venous blood to fill the voids.Materials and Methods  Six patients with need of maxillary sinus floor augmentation participated in the study. After preparation of a replaceable bone window in the lateral aspect of the sinus and careful elevation of the Schneiderian membrane, a total of 14 Brånemark implants (TiUnite, MK III, Nobel Biocare AB, Göteborg, Sweden) were installed in the residual bone penetrating into the sinus cavity. The sinus cavity was then filled with peripheral venous blood and the bone window replaced and stabilized with a medical tissue glue (Aron Alpha A, Sankyo, Inc., Tokyo, Japan) to prevent blood leakage from the created compartment in the maxillary sinus.Results  After a healing period of a minimum of 6 months, new bone was successfully generated in all 14 implant sites as judged from radiographs. One of the 14 implants failed, corresponding to a survival rate of 92.9% after a follow‐up period ranging 12 to 34 months.Conclusions  The present case series demonstrate that the creation of a secluded space in the maxillary sinus and filling with venous blood results in bone formation at simultaneously installed dental implants over a 6‐month period.
A Literature Review on Biomaterials in Sinus Augmentation Procedures
Authors: Browaeys Hilde , Bouvry Peter , De Bruyn Hugo 
Published: August 2007

ABSTRACTBackground  Sinus augmentation is a common procedure to increase bone volume and allow for proper implant placement in the atrophic posterior maxilla. Although the patient’s own bone is considered the best grafting material, various synthetic or bovine‐derived alternatives are used to simplify the grafting procedure.Purpose  The overall objective of this review was to assess the efficacy of different graft materials used in sinus augmentation procedures as demonstrated in animal studies.Materials and Methods  A specific and sensitive database was initially created via PUBMED, focusing on studies published in English peer‐reviewed journals between 1995 and 2004 and kept updated until 2006.Results  Twenty‐six articles were available for comparison and discussion; none concerned the use of alloplastic materials; 24 were comparative histomorphometric; and two were biomechanical studies. Because of a great variability in study designs, different implant types, great range in follow‐up, and lack of specific integration or loading period, a comparison of the studies and the biomaterials used was difficult.Conclusions  In general, autogenous bone is the most predictable material of choice for augmentation procedures, despite a 40% resorption, because it is highly osteoconductive and less dependent on sinus floor endosteal bone migration. The addition of bovine bone mineral to autogenous bone can be beneficial for graft success because it acts as a slowly resorbing space maintainer. Porous hydroxyapatite is suitable when mixed with autogenous bone because it enhances bone formation and bone‐to‐implant contact in augmented sinuses. Histological evaluation showed that demineralized freeze‐dried bone is inferior to other materials. Within the limitation of the animal studies examined in this review and only based on histological examination, the initial osseointegration of implants seems independent of the biomaterial used in grafting procedures.