bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical Abuse, Cognitive and Emotional Processes, and Aggressive/Disruptive Behavior Problems
Authors: Teisl Michael , Cicchetti Dante 
Published: November 2007

AbstractCognitive and emotional processes were examined in maltreated children with a history of physical abuse (n = 76), children with a history of maltreatment other than physical abuse (i.e., sexual abuse, physical neglect, and emotional maltreatment; n = 91), and a group of non‐maltreated comparison children (N = 100). Physical abuse was associated with errors in cue interpretation, easy access to aggressive responses to conflict, and poor emotion regulation. In turn, maladaptive cognitive and emotional processes made unique contributions to explaining the relationship between physical abuse and peer nominations of aggression and disruptive behavior. Maltreated children who had not been physically abused evidenced a trend toward cognitive and emotional maladaptation, but only poor emotion regulation accounted for aggression and disruptive behavior in these children. The findings emphasize the importance of considering multiple domains of development in efforts to understand how varying forms of child maltreatment contribute to later maladjustment.
Teachers' Perceptions of Conflict with Young Students: Looking beyond Problem Behaviors
Authors: Hamre Bridget K. , Pianta Robert C. , Downer Jason T. , Mashburn Andrew J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTeachers' judgments of relational conflict are unique indicators of children's academic and social adjustment. Using a large, hierarchically nested sample of preschoolers (N = 2282) and teachers (N = 597) this study examines the individual and classroom factors associated with teachers' ratings of conflict, both before and after adjusting for problem behaviors ratings. Over half of the variance in teachers' reports of conflict with children was explained by ratings of children's problem behaviors. However, many children had more (or less) conflict than predicted based on teacher‐rated problem behavior. Older children were more likely to have conflictual relationships with teachers than expected based on their level of problem behavior. Furthermore, teachers who reported more depression and lower self‐efficacy and teachers who were observed to provide less emotional support in the classroom tended to report more conflict with students in their classroom than expected based on levels of problem behaviors.
Allergic rhinitis with hyper‐responsiveness differ from asthma in degree of peripheral obstruction during metacholine challenge test
Authors: Aronsson David , Tufvesson Ellen , Ankerst Jaro , Bjermer Leif 
Published: November 2007

SummaryAllergic rhinitis (AR) is a risk factor for developing clinical asthma. Moreover, AR is often associated with bronchial hyper‐responsiveness (BHR). The aim of this study was to compare the degree of involvement of the peripheral airways during metacholine (MCh) challenge test in asthmatics and patients with AR with or without BHR by using the impulse oscillometry (IOS) technique. Fifty‐three patients with seasonal AR were investigated with MCh challenge test and IOS. Thirteen healthy non‐reactive subjects served as controls. MCh challenge test was performed, cut‐off value FEV1PD20 2000 μg. Linear regression analysis was used to calculate a MCh/FEV1 slope (Slope‐FEV1MCh), which was used as an index of BHR. IOS was performed, measuring respiratory resistance and reactance during the MCh challenge test. Twenty‐six subjects had both AR and asthma symptoms, 27 patients reported AR only, without asthma symptoms, 17 (63%) manifested BHR by spirometric criteria. Patients with AR and symptoms of asthma manifested greater peripheral airway obstruction compared to those with AR only with BHR. Increased peripheral obstruction in the asthmatic group compared to patients with AR and BHR may explain previous findings that asthmatics perceive greater airway obstruction during MCh challenge tests.
Eruptive Lichen Planus in a Child
Authors: Ott Hagen , Frank Jorge , Poblete‐Gutiérrez Pamela 
Published: November 2007

Abstract:  Lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory disease of the skin and mucous membranes. Typically, skin lesions include violaceous, polygonal, flat papules and plaques. However, the clinical presentation of lichen planus can be heterogeneous and show divergent degrees of cutaneous and mucous manifestation. The disease usually affects adults and is only rarely encountered in children. Here, we present a 7‐year‐old boy who rapidly developed itching skin lesions on the extremities and trunk. He had no history of concomitant drug intake, infection or vaccination. Clinical examination of the skin found multiple white‐grayish papules and plaques whereas the scalp, mucous membranes and nails were not affected. Histologic examination showed typical findings of lichen planus. We initiated topical corticosteroid therapy, which resulted in healing of the skin lesions within 4 weeks.To our knowledge this is the first instance of exanthematous lichen planus in childhood successfully treated with topical corticosteroid ointment alone. Thus, even generalized lichen planus lesions can be effectively cleared without systemic therapies, which can be potentially associated with serious side effects, especially in children.
Riga‐Fede Disease Associated with Postanoxic Encephalopathy and Trisomy 21: A Proposed Classification
Authors: DOMINGUES‐CRUZ JAVIER , HERRERA ALBERTO , FERNANDEZ‐CREHUET PABLO , GARCIA‐BRAVO BEGONA , CAMACHO FRANCISCI 
Published: November 2007

Abstract: We present a new instance of Riga‐Fede disease in a 2‐year‐old boy with Down syndrome and postanoxic encephalopathy. We propose a classification of the disease, as either “precocious,” associated with natal or neonatal teeth or “late‐onset,” associated with neurologic disease.
Agnathia and associated malformations in a male rhesus monkey
Authors: Goldschmidt B. , Lopes C.A. , Moura M. , Fasano D.M. , Andrade M.C.R. , Cysne L.B. , Gonçalves M.B. , Bravin J.S. , Kugelmeier T. , Viana C.F. , Silva F.A. , Marinho A.M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractBackground  Agnathia is a rare malformation characterized by the absence of the mandible.Methods  A male rhesus monkey with malformations was found dead and studied by internal examination, radiographs and histopathology.Results  A case of a rare first branchial arch anomaly with agenesis of the mandible and tongue is presented. The animal also had visceral deformities. However, ears were normal in shape and only slightly low in position. The craniofacial malformations may reflect incomplete separation of the first branchial arch into its maxillary and mandibular processes.Conclusions  The association between the craniofacial and other corporal anomalies is unclear.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE: CD56+ Cells are Recruited to the Uterus in Two Waves: at Ovulation and During the First 2 Weeks after Missed Menses
Authors: Van Den Heuvel Marianne J. , Hatta Kota , Peralta Crystal G. , Han Victor K. , Clark David A. 
Published: November 2007

ProblemUterine natural killer (uNK) cells are enriched in the post‐ovulatory uterus and during pregnancy. Whether these cells arise from blood pre‐cursors or from stem cells in the uterus is undefined. To support a hypothesis that precursors of uNK cells are recruited from blood, adhesive function of blood CD56+ subsets were assessed during one cycle and during pregnancy.Method of studyFifteen women of proven fertility provided serial blood samples during one menstrual cycle and thirty women with a history of implantation failure or recurrent spontaneous abortion provided serial samples during infertility treatment.ResultsCD56bright cells, but not CD56dim cells or NKT cells, increased in ligand‐binding capacity during ovulation in fertile cycles only and during the first 2 weeks from date of missed menses.ConclusionEnhanced adhesive function at ovulation in CD56bright cells in fertile cycles and during early gestation supports a hypothesis of recruitment of pre‐uNK cells from the blood CD56bright subset.
Selected Stro‐1‐enriched bone marrow stromal cells display a major suppressive effect on lymphocyte proliferation
Authors: NASEF A. , ZHANG Y. Z. , MAZURIER C. , BOUCHET S. , BENSIDHOUM M. , FRANCOIS S. , GORIN N. C. , LOPEZ M. , THIERRY D. , FOUILLARD L. , CHAPEL A. 
Published: November 2007

SummaryMesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have an immunosuppressive effect and can inhibit the proliferation of alloreactive T cells in vitro and in vivo. Cotransplantation of MSCs and hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from HLA‐identical siblings has been shown to reduce the incidence of acute graft‐vs.‐host disease. MSCs are heterogeneous and data on the inhibitory effects of different MSC subsets are lacking. The antigen Stro1 is a marker for a pure primitive MSC subset. We investigated whether Stro‐1‐enriched induce a more significant suppressive effect on lymphocytes in a mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR), and whether this action is related to a specific gene expression profile in Stro‐1‐enriched compared to other MSCs. We demonstrated that the Stro‐1‐enriched population elicits a significantly more profound dose‐dependent inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation in a MLR than MSCs. One thousand expanded Stro‐1‐enriched induced an inhibitory effect comparable to that of 10 times as many MSCs. Inhibition by Stro‐1‐enriched was more significant in contact‐dependent cultures than in noncontact‐dependant cultures at higher ratio. The Stro‐1‐enriched inhibitory effect in both culture types was linked to increased gene expression for soluble inhibitory factors such as interleukin‐8 (IL‐8), leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), indoleamine oxidase (IDO), human leukocyte antigen‐G (HLA‐G), and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM1). However, tumor growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β) and IL‐10 were only up‐regulated in contact‐dependant cultures. These results may support using a purified Stro‐1‐enriched population to augment the suppressive effect in allogeneic transplantation.
The presence of leukaemia‐associated phenotypes is an independent predictor of induction failure in acute myeloid leukaemia
Authors: AL‐MAWALI A. , TO L. B. , GILLIS D. , HISSARIA P. , MUNDY J. , LEWIS I. 
Published: November 2007

SummaryImmunophenotyping of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) has controversial implications with regards to prognosis. The aims of the present study were to determine the frequency of leukaemia‐associated phenotypes (LAP) in AML and to correlate their presence with response to induction chemotherapy. We analysed bone marrow samples at diagnosis from 84 AML patients using triple staining flow cytometry with routine standard panel of monoclonal antibodies. The association of LAP and response to induction chemotherapy was evaluated retrospectively. LAP were observed in 54 (64%) patients: lineage infidelity in 19 (35%), asynchronous antigen expression in 28 (52%), and lack of expected lineage specific antigens in 19 (35%). Significant correlation was found between LAP and responses to induction chemotherapy. Response to induction chemotherapy was more frequent in the absence of LAP (P < 0.05, estimated risk ratio of 1.6, 95%CI, 1.0–2.6) in a multivariate analysis. In conclusion, our data show the presence of LAP in AML is an independent predictor for response to induction chemotherapy and risk of relapse and should be considered for counselling patients and planning therapy.
Immunoassay with cytomegalovirus early antigens from gene products p52 and CM2(UL44 and UL57) detects active infection in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome
Authors: Beqaj S H , Lerner A M , Fitzgerald J T 
Published: November 2007

Aims:To investigate whether the use of recombinant early antigens for detection of antibodies to human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) gene products CM2(UL44, UL57) and p52 (UL44) is specific in the diagnosis and differentiation of active HCMV infection in a subset of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), a diagnosis which is often missed by the current ELISA assay that uses crude viral lysate antigen.Methods:At a single clinic from 1999 to 2001, a total of 4774 serological tests were performed in 1135 patients with patients using two immunoassays, Copalis and ELISA. The Copalis immunoassay utilised HCMV early gene products of UL44 and UL57 recombinant antigens for detection of HCMV IgM antibody, and viral capsid antigen for detection of HCMV IgG antibody. The ELISA immunoassay utilised viral crude lysate as antigen for detection of both HCMV IgG and IgM.Results:517 patients (45.6%) were positive for HCMV IgG by both assays. Of these, 12 (2.2%) were positive for HCMV(V) IgM serum antibody by HCMV ELISA assay, and 61 (11.8%) were positive for IgM HCMV serum antibody by Copalis assay. The Copalis assay that uses HCMV early recombinant gene products CM2(UL44, UL57) and p52 (UL44) in comparison with ELISA was 98% specific.Conclusions:Immunoassays that use early antigen recombinant HCMV CM2and p52 are five times more sensitive than HCMV ELISA assay using viral lysate, and are specific in the detection and differentiation of active HCMV infection in a subset of patients with CFS.
Multinucleate epithelial change in colorectal hyperplastic polyps: a review of 27 cases
Authors: Lambie D L J , Brown I S 
Published: November 2007

Aim:To document the histological features of multinucleated epithelial giant cells (MEGs) in colorectal hyperplastic polyps and determine a possible aetiological agent.Methods:Hyperplastic polyps were assessed for MEGs during the routine reporting at a private laboratory and public hospital laboratory. The histological features and clinical data were assessed, and immunohistochemical stains were performed to assess for viral infection (cytomegalovirus (CMV) and herpes simplex virus (HSV) 1 and 2) and to assist in the assessment of dysplasia (Ki-67, β-catenin and p53). Ultrastructural examination was performed in one case.Results:MEGs were identified in 27 polyps (24 patients). There was active inflammation in the polyps in nearly all cases (n = 24) and most showed changes in adjacent non-hyperplastic bowel mucosa such as focal basal cryptitis and apoptosis of crypt epithelium (16 patients). Immunohistochemistry for CMV, HSV and p53 was negative in all cases. The MEGs showed nuclear positivity for the proliferative marker Ki-67 and membranous positivity for β-catenin. Ultrastructural studies failed to reveal viral particles.Conclusions:All the polyps containing MEGs showed active inflammation and apoptosis, and in most there was also focal inflammation and apoptosis in the adjacent mucosa. Inflammation in conjunction with the increased epithelial proliferation characteristics of hyperplastic polyps could be the mechanism for the MEG formation. In this series, all the polyps were associated with sodium phosphate bowel preparation (NaP) and the pro-inflammatory properties of NaP may be a stimulus for the induction of giant cells.
Forkhead box A1 expression in breast cancer is associated with luminal subtype and good prognosis
Authors: Thorat M A , Marchio C , Morimiya A , Savage K , Nakshatri H , Reis-Filho J S , Badve S 
Published: November 2007

Aims:Forkhead box A1 (FOXA1) is a forkhead family transcription factor expressed in breast cancer cells. It is essential for optimal expression of ∼50% of oestrogen receptor (ER)-related genes. This study explored the FOXA1 relationship with luminal and basal breast cancer subtypes, proliferation markers, and survival in breast cancer patients who had received similar treatment.Methods:A tissue microarray comprising tumours from 245 invasive breast cancer patients with 67 months of median follow-up was analysed for FOXA1 expression by immunohistochemistry. Interpretable FOXA1 expression, obtained in 184 patients, was analysed along with other variables such as tumour grade, size, nodal status, ER, progesterone receptor, HER2/neu, proliferation and basal markers.Results:FOXA1 expression (score >3) was seen in 139 of 184 breast cancers. It correlated positively with ERα (p<0.0001), progesterone receptor (p<0.0001), and luminal subtype (p<0.0001); negatively with basal subtype (p<0.0001), proliferation markers and high histological grade (p = 0.0327). Univariate analysis showed nodal status, tumour grade, ER, progesterone receptor, FOXA1, basal markers and p53 as significant predictors of overall survival. Multivariate analysis showed that only nodal status (p = 0.0006) and ER (p = 0.0017) were significant predictors of OS. In luminal subtype patient subgroup, FOXA1 expression was associated with better survival (p = 0.0284) on univariate analysis.Conclusion:Based on this study in patients treated with surgery followed by adjuvant anthracycline-based chemotherapy, FOXA1 expression is associated with good prognosis. It correlates with luminal subtype breast cancer, and could possibly serve as a clinical marker for luminal subtype A. Prognostic ability of FOXA1 in these low-risk breast cancers may prove to be useful in treatment decision making.
The Dutch Revolt and the Medieval Tradition of Urban Dissent
Authors: Boone Marc 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe political culture which came to the forefront in the Dutch Revolt, ultimately leading to the abjuration of Philip II of Spain, drew on two distinct traditions. The first was a tradition of practical critical evaluation of the prince's politics by the representatives of the great cities of the county of Flanders and of the duchy of Brabant; the second a more theoretical tradition of important texts elaborated in previous moments of political crisis and thus imbued with a 'constitutional' meaning. This awareness of an important medieval legacy of rebelliousness has helped to elaborate a political culture in which historical consciousness and the practical defence of concrete urban interests and values through both political stance and urban rituals merged, and were finally passed on to the following generations of burghers. The power of the prince was thus balanced by a set of values and principles which finally led to the abjuration of King Philip as a 'logical' outcome of the Revolt.
Words at War: The Early Years of William of Orange's Propaganda
Authors: van Stipriaan René 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe propaganda efforts in the early years of the Dutch Revolt left us countless pamphlets and dozens of songs and prints. Yet our understanding of the development, the operation, and the reach of particularly William of Orange's propaganda efforts remains limited. This article explores to what extent Orange consciously launched a public relations campaign through literary propaganda. Orange had good success in attracting literary talents to defend the cause of the Revolt and his own leadership. The authors who labored on Orange's behalf varied in social background and experience. Some were engaged in pamphlet writing and others in balladry, while a few gained a position as personal advisor to the prince. The anonymous hymn Wilhelmus van Nassouwe also hails from these early years, yet its origin is an unresolved mystery. A first reconstruction of Orange's propaganda network brings forth a new candidate for the authorship of this very influential song.
Princely Auctoritas or the Freedom of Europe: Justus Lipsius on a Netherlands Political Dilemma
Authors: Tracy James 
Published: November 2007

AbstractLike not a few of his compatriots, Justus Lipsius changed his allegiance more than once during the long civil war between the Spanish crown and the Dutch rebels. What makes him unusual is that this noted classical scholar was also a voracious and critical consumer of reports about events of his own time and place; Lipsius' voluminous correspondence thus opens a rare window into what the Dutch Revot looked like to an anxious and well-informed citizen of the Low Countries. Unable to live under the tyranny of the duke of Alba, he accepted a post at the University of Leiden; from here he viewed the rebel provinces of the north as a bulwark against a Spanish hegemony that threatened to engulf Europe. Yet, as a devoted adherent of the monarchical principle of government, he found that he also could not live under a "polyarchy" of provicial parliaments, in which, as Lipsius saw things, wealthy burghers governed in their own interest. Hence he took a new position at the University of Louvain, in his native Brabant. It was not at first a fortunate choice, for just as Lipsius moved the military fortunes of the Dutch government changed for the better, while Philip II was distracted by plans to put a Spanish princess on the French throne. Only when Spain's ambitions in France were thwarted by the successes of Henry IV did Lipsius's hopes revive: in Albert and Isabella, 'natural' princes who intended to focus on the southern Netherlands, he seems to have found at last a government he could accept.
Judges and Religious Questions: Adjudicating Claims to Wear Religious Dress in Public Schools
Authors: Thio Li-ann 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThis article examines how judges in different countries treat "religious questions", as opposed to "legal questions", through the lens of one particular type of dispute: the expression of religious identity by wearing religious dress in public schools, contrary to state educational policy with secular democracies. Like the 'political questions' doctrine, issues of institutional competence and propriety arise in relation to the extent to which courts should engage with religious laws and reference these in developing public law norms. Much turns upon understandings of what the principle of secularity requires in a particular jurisdiction and the particular type of religious question implicated. It argues that while it is inappropriate for judges to address normative religious question which engages some form of theological inquiry, judges may have competence to address positive religious questions relating to the content of religious doctrine or the centrality of a practice to a religious community through reliance on expert evidence. Nevertheless, prudential considerations may still urge judicial self-restraint when address religious questions.
Protecting the Absence of Religious Belief ? The New Definition of Religion or Belief in Equality Legislation
Authors: Griffith Peter 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe Equality Framework Directive requires member states to prohibit discrimination in employment on grounds of (inter alia) religion or belief. Defining the scope of the phrase 'religion or belief' is complicated and has given rise to debate in the United Kingdom, particularly with reference to belief which is not self-evidently 'religious'. The UK Regulations which implemented the Directive contained a definition referring to 'religion,… religious belief, and… similar philosophical belief'. This definition was subsequently changed, adding a specific reference to lack of belief, and removing the word 'similar'. This adds complexity to an already difficult area. This article considers the effect of these changes, identifies difficulties they cause and suggests a way of avoiding them.
Crosses, Veils and Other People: Faith as Identity and Manifestation
Authors: Ipgrave Michael 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe wearing of veils and crosses both raise issues about the manifestation of religious identity in society. The arguments around these practices in recent UK debates are identified and discussed, and the theme of 'obligation' in Islam and Christianity is analysed. While the wearing of neither veil nor cross is an absolute and universal obligation for Muslims or Christians respectively, both are ways for believers to express with confidence their identity in relation to self, to others and to God, and as such are deserving of legal protection.