bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Robot-assisted partial knee replacement versus standard total knee replacement (RoboKnees): a protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Madden Kim , Flood Breanne , Malek Monica , Milantoni Vincent , Astephen Wilson Janie L. , Tarride Jean-Eric , Khanna Vickas , Adili Anthony ,   on behalf of the RoboKnees Investigators, Madden Kim , Adili Anthony , Bhandari Mohit , Khanna Vickas , Tarride Jean-Eric , Thabane Lehana , Tushinski Daniel , Wilson Janie , Zalzal Paul , Flood Breanne , Malek Monica , Moro Ashvin , Irish Kim , Khan Haider , Jagdeo Vireshwar , Rajapaksege Nathasha , Yan James 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Total knee arthroplasty is a common surgery for end-stage knee osteoarthritis. Partial knee arthroplasty is also a treatment option for patients with arthritis present in only one or two knee compartments. Partial knee arthroplasty can preserve the natural knee biomechanics, but these replacements may not last as long as total knee replacements. Robotic-assisted orthopedic techniques can help facilitate partial knee replacements, increasing accuracy and precision. This trial will investigate the feasibility and assess clinical outcomes for a larger definitive trial.

Methods
This is a protocol for an ongoing parallel randomized pilot trial of 64 patients with uni- or bicompartmental knee arthritis. Patients are randomized to either receive robot-assisted partial knee arthroplasty or manual total knee arthroplasty. The primary outcome of this pilot is investigating the feasibility of a larger trial. Secondary (clinical) outcomes include joint awareness, return to activities, knee function, patient global impression of change, persistent post-surgical pain, re-operations, resource utilization and cost-effectiveness, health-related quality of life, radiographic alignment, knee kinematics during walking gait, and complications up to 24 months post-surgery.

Discussion
The RoboKnees pilot study is the first step in determining the outcome of robot-assisted partial knee replacements. Conclusions from this study will be used to design future large-scale trials. This study will inform surgeons about the potential benefits of robot-assisted partial knee replacements.

Trial registration
This study was prospectively registered on clinicaltrials.gov (identifier: NCT04378049) on 4 May 2020, before the first patient was randomized.
User acceptance of social network-backed cryptocurrency: a unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT)-based analysis
Authors: Recskó Márk , Aranyossy Márta 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTurbulent market conditions, well-publicized advantages, and potential individual, social, and environmental risks make blockchain-based cryptocurrencies a popular focus of the public and scientific communities. This paper contributes to the literature on the future of crypto markets by analyzing a promising cryptocurrency innovation from a customer-centric point of view; it explores the factors influencing user acceptance of a hypothetical social network-backed cryptocurrency in Central Europe. The research model adapts an internationally comparative framework and extends the well-established unified theory of acceptance and use of the technology model with the concept of perceived risk and trust. We explore user attitudes with a survey on a large Hungarian sample and analyze the database with consistent partial least square structural equation modeling methodology. The results show that users would be primarily influenced by the expected usefulness of the new technology assuming it is easy to use. Furthermore, our analysis also highlights that while social influence does not seem to sway user opinions, consumers are susceptible to technological risks, and trust is an important determinant of their openness toward innovations in financial services. We contribute to the cryptocurrency literature with a future-centric technological focus and provide new evidence from an under-researched geographic region. The results also have practical implications for business decision-makers and policymakers.
Microfluidic compartmentalization of rat vagal afferent neurons to model gut-brain axis
Authors: Girardi Gregory , Zumpano Danielle , Raybould Helen , Seker Erkin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Vagal afferent neurons represent the key neurosensory branch of the gut-brain axis, which describes the bidirectional communication between the gastrointestinal system and the brain. These neurons are important for detecting and relaying sensory information from the periphery to the central nervous system to modulate feeding behavior, metabolism, and inflammation. Confounding variables complicate the process of isolating the role of the vagal afferents in mediating these physiological processes. Therefore, we developed a microfluidic model of the sensory branch of the gut-brain axis. We show that this microfluidic model successfully compartmentalizes the cell body and neurite terminals of the neurons, thereby simulates the anatomical layout of these neurons to more accurately study physiologically-relevant processes.

Methods
We implemented a primary rat vagal afferent neuron culture into a microfluidic platform consisting of two concentric chambers interconnected with radial microchannels. The microfluidic platform separated cell bodies from neurite terminals of vagal afferent neurons. We then introduced physiologically-relevant gastrointestinal effector molecules at the nerve terminals and assessed their retrograde transport along the neurite or capacity to elicit an electrophysiological response using live cell calcium imaging.

Results
The angle of microchannel outlets dictated the probability of neurites growing into a chamber versus tracking along chamber walls. When the neurite terminals were exposed to fluorescently-labeled cholera toxin subunit B, the proteins were taken up and retrogradely transported along the neurites over the course of 24 h. Additionally, mechanical perturbation (e.g., rinsing) of the neurite terminals significantly increased intracellular calcium concentration in the distal soma. Finally, membrane-displayed receptor for capsaicin was expressed and trafficked along newly projected neurites, as revealed by confocal microscopy.

Conclusions
In this work, we developed a microfluidic device that can recapitulate the anatomical layout of vagal afferent neurons in vitro. We demonstrated two physiologically-relevant applications of the platforms: retrograde transport and electrophysiological response. We expect this tool to enable controlled studies on the role of vagal afferent neurons in the gut-brain axis.
Temporal dynamics of the fecal microbiome in female pigs from early life through estrus, parturition, and weaning of the first litter of piglets
Authors: Gaire Tara N. , Scott H. Morgan , Noyes Noelle R. , Ericsson Aaron C. , Tokach Michael D. , William Hayden , Menegat Mariana B. , Vinasco Javier , Nagaraja T. G. , Volkova Victoriya V. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundAge-associated changes in the gastrointestinal microbiome of young pigs have been robustly described; however, the temporal dynamics of the fecal microbiome of the female pig from early life to first parity are not well understood. Our objective was to describe microbiome and antimicrobial resistance dynamics of the fecal microbiome of breeding sows from early life through estrus, parturition and weaning of the first litter of piglets (i.e., from 3 to 53 weeks of age).ResultsOur analysis revealed that fecal bacterial populations in developing gilts undergo changes consistent with major maturation milestones. As the pigs progressed towards first estrus, the fecal bacteriome shifted fromRikenellaceaeRC9 gut group- andUCG-002-dominated enterotypes toTreponema-andClostridiumsensu stricto1-dominated enterotypes. After first estrus, the fecal bacteriome stabilized, with minimal changes in enterotype transition and associated microbial diversity from estrus to parturition and subsequent weaning of first litter piglets. Unlike bacterial communities, fecal fungal communities exhibited low diversity with high inter- and intra-pig variability and an increased relative abundance of certain taxa at parturition, includingCandidaspp. Counts of resistant fecal bacteria also fluctuated over time, and were highest in early life and subsequently abated as the pigs progressed to adulthood.ConclusionsThis study provides insights into how the fecal microbial community and antimicrobial resistance in female pigs change from three weeks of age throughout their first breeding lifetime. The fecal bacteriome enterotypes and diversity are found to be age-driven and established by the time of first estrus, with minimal changes observed during subsequent physiological stages, such as parturition and lactation, when compared to the earlier age-related shifts. The use of pigs as a model for humans is well-established, however, further studies are needed to understand how our results compare to the human microbiome dynamics. Our findings suggest that the fecal microbiome exhibited consistent changes across individual pigs and became more diverse with age, which is a beneficial characteristic for an animal model system.
Unveiling the anti-cancer potential of Euphorbia greenwayi: cytotoxicity, cell migration, and identification of its chemical constituents
Authors: Zaghlol Ahmed A. , Kandil Zeinab A. , Yousif Miriam F. , EL-Dine Riham Salah , Elkady Wafaa M. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Different herbal phytochemicals have potential in cancer treatment, Euphorbia genus has valuable secondary metabolites and is used in traditional medicine to treat various ailments. However, the specific constituents and biological activity of Euphorbia greenwayi remain largely unexplored.

Results
Euphorbia greenwayi aerial parts were extracted using methanol. Consequently, the methanol extract was then fractionated with solvents of different polarities viz., n-hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate. All were screened for their cytotoxic activity against different cell lines; MCF-7, HepG-2, and SW620. The n-hexane (HF) and chloroform (CF) fractions showed considerable activity against all tested cell lines especially MCF-7 with IC50 values at 18.6 ± 0.2 and 17.5 ± 0.6 μg/ml respectively. Therefore, a cell migration assay on the MCF-7 cell line was applied to both fractions as well as investigation and isolation of the main active constituents. Lupeol, β-sitosterol, and cycloartenol were isolated from the nonpolar fractions of E. greenwayi for the first time.

Conclusions
Euphorbia greenwayi aerial parts exhibit considerable anti-cancer effects via cytotoxicity. Three chemical constituents with promising cytotoxic activity are identified.
Nourishing the clot: a comprehensive review of dietary habits and their implications for platelet function
Authors: Roy Susma , Paul Kumar 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis review elucidates the intricate relationship between dietary habits and platelet function, emphasizing the influential role of berries. Both macronutrients and micronutrients in our diet have been found to profoundly affect platelet reactivity and aggregation, presenting a potential therapeutic intervention for platelet-associated disorders. The article particularly highlights the bioactive compounds in berries, such as flavonoids, which have demonstrated a correlation with diminished platelet aggregation and reduced thrombotic risk. The underlying molecular mechanisms, including the modulation of platelet activation pathways, are elaborated upon. Furthermore, the potential clinical implications are explored, suggesting dietary modifications and berry supplementation as complementary approaches to manage platelet-associated conditions. In culmination, the importance of dietary habits, predominantly the consumption of berries, in modulating platelet functionality is underscored, proposing avenues for future investigations in nutritional genomics to devise personalized dietary guidelines.
Systematic Review of Interventions Addressing Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Cancer Care and Health Outcomes
Authors: Grant Shakira J. , Yanguela Juan , Odebunmi Olufeyisayo , Grimshaw Alyssa A. , Giri Smith , Wheeler Stephanie B. 
Published: February 2024

PURPOSE Cancer health disparities result from complex interactions among socioeconomic, behavioral, and biological factors, disproportionately affecting marginalized racial and ethnic groups. The objective of this review is to synthesize existing evidence on interventions addressing racial or ethnic disparities in cancer-related health care access and clinical outcomes. METHODS A comprehensive search of Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science Core Collection was conducted from database inception to February 23, 2023. Controlled vocabulary and keywords helped to identify studies on cancer-related disparities and interventions in adults age 18 years or older. Two reviewers followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis reporting guidelines. Study quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tool. RESULTS Of 7,526 screened studies, 34 met the inclusion criteria involving 24,134 participants. Most studies focused on breast cancer (n = 17) and Hispanic/Latino populations (n = 10) and enrolled participants primarily from community-based sites (n = 19). Twenty-one studies examined patient-centered outcomes, such as health-related quality of life and psychological well-being, while 15 studies assessed process-of-care outcomes, such as timeliness of care. Most studies followed a community-based participatory research framework. Five patient-centered outcome studies reported a positive intervention effect, often combining cancer education with psychological well-being interventions. Among the 15 process-of-care outcome studies, nine reported positive effects, with the majority (n = 8) being navigation-based interventions. CONCLUSION This systematic review emphasizes the vital role of community partnerships in addressing racial and ethnic disparities in oncology care and highlights the need for standardized approaches in intervention research because of the heterogeneity of studied interventions. Furthermore, the prevailing emphasis on breast cancer and Hispanic populations indicates the need for future investigations into other priority demographic groups.
Receipt of Guideline-Concordant Care Is Associated With Improved Survival in Patients With Osteosarcoma in California: A Population-Based Analysis
Authors: Abrahão Renata , Keegan Theresa H.M. , Maguire Frances B. , Li Qian , Malogolowkin Marcio H. , Wong Samantha , Thorpe Steven W. , Carr-Asher Janai R. , Midboe Amanda M. , Randall R. Lor , Alvarez Elysia M. 
Published: February 2024

PURPOSE To examine the relationship between guideline-concordant care (GCC) on the basis of national clinical practice guidelines and survival in children (0-14 years), adolescents and young adults (AYAs, 15-39 years), and adults (40 years and older) with osteosarcoma, and to identify sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with receipt of GCC and survival. METHODS We used data from the California Cancer Registry (CCR) on patients diagnosed with osteosarcoma during 2004-2019, with detailed treatment information extracted from the CCR text fields, including chemotherapy regimens. Multivariable logistic and Cox proportional hazard regression were used for statistical analyses. RESULTS Of 1,716 patients, only 47% received GCC, with variation by age at diagnosis: 67% of children, 43% of AYAs, and 30% of adults. In multivariable models, patients who received part or all care ( v none) at specialized cancer centers were more likely to receive GCC. AYAs and adults were less likely to receive GCC than children (odds ratio [OR], 0.38 [95% CI, 0.30 to 0.50] and OR, 0.40 [95% CI, 0.28 to 0.56], respectively). In a model excluding adults, patients treated by pediatric ( v medical) oncologists were more likely to receive GCC (OR, 3.44 [95% CI, 2.40 to 4.94]). Patients with metastatic osteosarcoma at diagnosis who did not receive GCC had a greater hazard of death (hazard ratio [HR], 2.02 [95% CI, 1.55 to 2.63]) but no statistical differences were found in those diagnosed at earlier stages (HR, 1.15 [95% CI, 0.92 to 1.43]). CONCLUSION GCC was associated with improved survival in patients with metastatic osteosarcoma in California. However, we found disparities in the delivery of GCC, highlighting the need for target interventions to improve delivery of GCC in this patient population.
Impact of Prophylactic Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole on Clearance of High-Dose Methotrexate in Adult Patients
Authors: Skoloda Daniel , Newman Matthew , Norman Haval , Ziggas Jamie E. , Ambinder Richard F. 
Published: February 2024

PURPOSE High-dose methotrexate (HDMTX) is an antineoplastic dosing strategy used to treat various cancers including primary central nervous system lymphoma. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) is commonly used for antibiotic prophylaxis against Pneumocystis pneumonia infections in this patient population. Significant drug-drug interactions between TMP/SMX and methotrexate (MTX) leading to adverse outcomes have been documented, primarily in adult patients taking MTX for rheumatologic conditions. METHODS This study is a single-center, retrospective, cohort study comparing outcomes in patients where TMP/SMX was held during HDMTX and patients who received concurrent prophylactic TMP/SMX during treatment. The primary end point was mean MTX level at 24, 48, and 72 hours. Secondary end points included rate of nonhematologic toxicity, rate of hematologic toxicity, median days to MTX clearance, and frequency of glucarpidase utilization. RESULTS In total, 248 cycles of HDMTX were analyzed from 221 individual patients. One hundred ninety-one cycles were administered without prophylactic TMP/SMX, and 57 were administered with TMP/SMX. The median MTX level at 24, 48, and 72 hours in those without versus with prophylactic TMP/SMX was 4.30 versus 4.30, 0.29 versus 0.30, and 0.14 versus 0.15, respectively. Similarly, rates of hematologic and nonhematologic toxicities did not differ significantly between groups with the exception of neutropenia; however, there was no corresponding increased rate of neutropenic fever. Only one patient received glucarpidase and had not received TMP/SMX. CONCLUSION Prophylactic TMP/SMX had minimal interaction with HDMTX and does not lead to increased time to clearance or clinically relevant toxicities. Prophylactic TMP/SMX can be safely administered with HDMTX in adult patients.
Quality of Recovery After Unplanned and Planned Cesarean Deliveries: A Prospective Observational Study Using the Obstetric Quality of Recovery-10 Tool
Authors: Morales Juan F. , Gomez Andrea , Carvalho Jose , Ye Xiang Y. , Downey Kristi , Siddiqui Naveed 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND:
There is a paucity of literature examining the differences between patient-reported outcome measures after planned and unplanned cesarean delivery using a validated quality of recovery tool. The Obstetric Quality of Recovery-10 (ObsQoR-10) scoring tool has been validated to quantify functional recovery after cesarean delivery. We aimed to use the ObsQoR-10 to compare the postoperative recovery characteristics of patients undergoing planned and unplanned cesarean deliveries.

METHODS:
We conducted a prospective single-center observational study. Patients undergoing planned and unplanned cesarean deliveries under neuraxial anesthesia were asked to complete the ObsQoR-10 questionnaire 24 hours, 48 hours, and 1 week postpartum. We collected information on total in-hospital postoperative opioid consumption and patients´ perception of readiness for discharge at 24 and 48 hours postpartum. Additionally, patient characteristics were collected to assess their correlation with our findings.

RESULTS:
We included 112 patients (56 in each group). No statistical differences in ObsQoR-10 scores at 24 hours, 48 hours, and 1 week postpartum were observed between the planned and unplanned cesarean deliveries. Additionally, there was no difference between the groups in patients’ perception of readiness for hospital discharge at 24 and 48 hours and opioid consumption in the first 2 days after surgery. Most patients in both groups did not think they would be ready for discharge at 24 hours postpartum. Analysis of the individual components of ObsQoR-10 at 24 hours showed a difference in the responses assessing the severity of shivering (higher in unplanned cesarean deliveries) and the ability to look after personal hygiene (lower in unplanned cesarean deliveries).

CONCLUSIONS:
As assessed by the ObsQoR-10, no significant difference in the quality of recovery was observed between patients undergoing planned and unplanned cesarean delivery.
POLR2A Mutation is a Poor Prognostic Marker of Cerebellopontine Angle Meningioma
Authors: Okano Atsushi , Miyawaki Satoru , Teranishi Yu , Hongo Hiroki , Dofuku Shogo , Ohara Kenta , Sakai Yu , Shin Masahiro , Nakatomi Hirofumi , Saito Nobuhito 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Recent molecular analyses have shown that the driver genetic mutations of meningiomas were associated with the anatomic location. Among these, POLR2A mutation is common among lesions in the skull base, mainly in the cerebellopontine angle (CPA). The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of POLR2A mutation as a prognostic marker for CPA meningiomas.

METHODS:
We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 70 patients who had World Health Organization grade I CPA meningiomas. Somatic DNA was analyzed by Sanger sequencing and microsatellite array to examine for NF2, AKT1, KLF4, SMO, and POLR2A mutations and 22q loss. Genetic and clinical parameters were analyzed to identify the factors related with tumor recurrence.

RESULTS:
We detected clearly the clinical features of the CPA cases with POLR2A mutation. Compared with cases without POLR2A mutation, cases with POLR2A mutation had more meningothelial type (P = 6.9 × 10−4), and higher rate of recurrence (P = .04). We found that the poor prognostic factors associated with the recurrence of CPA meningiomas were POLR2A mutation (P = .03, hazard ratio [HR] 9.38, 95% CI 1.26-70.0) and subtotal resection (STR) (P = 5.1 × 10−4, HR 63.1, 95% CI 6.09-655.0). In addition, in the group that underwent STR, POLR2A mutation was a poor prognostic factor associated with tumor recurrence (P = .03, HR 11.1, 95% CI 1.19-103.7).

CONCLUSION:

POLR2A mutation and STR were the poor prognostic markers associated with the recurrence of CPA meningioma. For CPA meningioma cases that underwent STR, only POLR2A mutation was a poor prognostic factor. Detecting POLR2A mutation may be a cost-effective, easy, and useful marker for prognostication.