bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrochromic/Electrofluorochromic Devices based on Terpyridine‐Attached Viologen Derivatives
Authors: Zhuang Yanling , Zhu Mingye , Zhang Qidong , Ma Shaoyu , Ren Xiuli , Wang Shiyan , Liu Shujuan , Zhao Qiang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractElectrochromic/electrofluorochromic (EC/EFC) dual‐functional materials with electrochemically switchable colors and fluorescence offer the possibility of developing reflection/emission dual‐mode integrated displays in one device. However, unlike the easily adjustable multi‐color EC properties, the EFC properties with tunable fluorescence intensity are relatively broad, while those with tunable color emission are rare. Herein, two terpyridine‐attached viologen derivatives Tpy‐Vio‐1 and Tpy‐Vio‐2 are designed and synthesized for exploring the relationship between molecular structure and their EC/EFC properties. Due to the introduction of 4′‐phenyl‐2,2′:6′,2″‐terpyridine groups, Tpy‐Vio‐1 and Tpy‐Vio‐2 devices exhibited EFC characteristics in addition to EC properties. Tpy‐Vio‐1 and Tpy‐Vio‐2 devices displayed similar color and fluorescence changes after applying electric potentials. Nevertheless, compared to the Tpy‐Vio‐2 devices, the Tpy‐Vio‐1 devices possessed lower applied voltage (1.8 V), shorter response times (9.5 s for coloring and 8.5 s for bleaching), higher cyclic stability (480 cycles), and better coloration efficiency (95 cm2 C−1). This study believes that this work will provide effective guidance for the design and preparation of EC/EFC dual‐functional materials.
Fine‐Tunable CO2 Colorimetric Sensors and CO2 Level Indicator Meter with Horizontal Linear Gauge via Inter‐Chain Spacers
Authors: Kim Donghyun , Hwang Ki‐Seob , Koh Won‐Gun , Lee Jun‐Young 
Published: March 2024

AbstractFine‐tuning the sensing properties of carbon dioxide (CO2) colorimetric sensors is a challenging task. In this study, a short synthetic route is developed for CO2‐responsive nanoparticles with diverse sensitivity and detection range across a wide range of CO2 concentrations. This involves the addition of oily liquids as inter‐chain spacers, which changes the diffusivity of CO2 gas into the sensing matrices without other chemical modifications. R values and the limit of detection (LOD) are estimated from Euclidean distance (ED) curves, indicating a ten‐fold difference in sensitivity. Optical and physical analyses revealed that these results arise from intercalating inter‐chain spacers between polymeric chains and modifying the gas diffusivity. Furthermore, the sensitivity and detection range can be easily tuned by mixing two CO2‐responsive nanoparticles having different inter‐chain spacers, allowing the fabrication of the sensors with subtle differences in sensitivity and detection range. Based on these results, a CO2 level meter with a horizontal linear gauge that allows visible identification of the level of CO2 over the entire range of CO2 concentrations (from 0% to 100%) is developed. Consequently, the findings will be helpful in achieving a better understanding of gas information and finding an effective way to control the characteristics of colorimetric sensors.
Gallium Ion Pre‐Insertion Protocol to (NH4)2V10O25·8H2O Cathode Materials for Reversible Aqueous Zn Battery
Authors: Zhao Ming , Li Shilong , Wu Xiang , Luo Shaohua 
Published: March 2024

AbstractVanadate is one of the promising cathode materials for aqueous zinc ion batteries (AZIBs) due to its abundant resources and various valence states. However, the further development is restricted by their sluggish reaction kinetics between zinc ions and the host materials. In this work, several kinds of gallium ions pre‐intercalated vanadate electrode materials through a simple hydrothermal strategy are designed. Ga‐NHVO‐0.5 sample achieves a specific capacity of 438.23 mAh g−1 at current density of 0.2 A g−1. At the same time, it delivers an energy density of 250.34 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 55 W kg−1. The assembled button cells retain 83.84% of its initial capacity after 4000 times cycling, revealing their promising applications in portable power devices. Moreover, the devices still possess a favorable stability under different bending conditions.
Sensor Technologies for Hydraulic Valve and System Performance Monitoring: Challenges and Perspectives
Authors: Liu Jingqi , Yuan Chenggang , Matias Lukas , Bowen Chris , Dhokia Vimal , Pan Min , Roscow James 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHydraulic fluid power systems are essential for a range of engineering applications such as transportation, heavy industry, and robotics. The scale of the industry is such that hydraulic pumps are estimated to account for 15% of all the energy consumption in the European Union and yet the average efficiency of fluid power systems is only 22%. The digitalization of hydraulic systems offers significant advantages in terms of energy efficiency, performance, reduced maintenance, and automation. However, this requires advances in the integration of smart sensing technologies to provide real‐time feedback on the operation and health of hydraulic components. This review details developing trends in hydraulic fluid power research and provides an overview of progress related to the digitalization of these systems and their integration within an Industry 4.0 framework. The fundamentals of relevant sensor technologies and innovative approaches for integrating sensors into hydraulics systems are discussed. Methods to deliver power to the sensors and associated electronics through harvested pressure ripples are also reviewed. An outlook with respect to future directions in this field is given, including an assessment of the potential for exploiting advanced manufacturing technologies, in particular additive manufacturing, to facilitate successful sensor integration into hydraulic fluid power systems.
2D/2D Molybdenum Sulfo Selenides/Black Phosphorus Heterostructures for Supercapacitors and Light‐Driven Hydrogen Generation Applications
Authors: K Namsheer , Sanyal Gopal , Pramoda K. , Chakraborty Brahmananda , Cho Jung Sang , Jeong Sang Mun , Rout Chandra Sekhar 
Published: March 2024

Abstract2D transition metal dichalcogenide alloys are considered as the promising duo for energy storage and catalyst for light‐driven energy conversion applications due to their novel physicochemical properties. However, heterostructuring with other 2D materials is an effective strategy to enhance the charge storage kinetics as well as comprehensive spectral light response and efficient charge separation. Herein, Molybdenum sulfo selenide (MoSSe)/black phosphorous (BP) heterostructure is synthesized by a one‐pot solvothermal technique, and energy storage and conversion efficiency are characterized. Interestingly, the fabricated symmetric supercapacitor based on the MoSSe/BP hybrid shows an exceptional capacitance of 230 mF cm−2 with an excellent energy density of 31.9 µWh cm−2 and a power density of 805.7 µW cm−2. To validate the experimental findings, Density Functional Theory (DFT) computational simulations are carried out concurrently. The lower diffusion energy barrier for electrolytic ions, in the case of hybrid MoSSe/BP compared to pristine MoSSe, supports the higher charge storage performance. Finally, MoSSe/BP nanocomposites' photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) performance is evaluated under 400 W of UV–vis light, with eosin Y dye acting as a sensitizer and triethanolamine acting as a sacrificial agent. The MoSSe/BP nanocomposite exhibits the maximum photocatalytic HER activity of 5718 µmol h−1 g−1, greater than the bare MoSSe nanostructure.
A Feasibility Test of the Disposable Drug Daughter Plate Combined with 384‐Pillar Plate for Patient‐Derived Organoid‐Based High Throughput Screening
Authors: Park Kyunghyun , Ryu Ji‐O. , Kim Gayeon , Ku Bosung , Choi Yongmun , Lee Ji‐Youn , Lee Sang‐Yun , Lee Dong Woo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA disposable daughter plate is developed for robotic organoid‐based high‐throughput screening (HTS). Previously, daughter drug plates are prepared using mother drug plates in conventional HTS. During each screening, the mother drug plate is thawed, a certain amount of the drug is transferred to the daughter plate, and frozen again. Drug manufacturing involves drug transfer processes that may result in drug damage owing to redissolution. Thus, disposable daughter plates are created by dispensing small drug spots into the well plates and freezing them. The cells at the Matrigel dorms of the pillar plate are easily exposed to the drugs by immersing the pillars. Unlike previously reported similar methods, it is verified that HTS‐based drug response analysis is possible by applying the proposed disposable daughter plate to breast cancer patient‐derived organoids (PDOs). And it is also verified the long‐term stability of disposable daughter plates (up to 3 months) in 3D cell culture system using patient‐derived cells (PDO). The drug response results are quantified using normalized area under curve values, while the experimental reproducibility of the disposable daughter plates is evaluated using the coefficient of variation and a simple linear regression test. Thus, the proposed disposable daughter plate allows reproducible drug efficacy analysis.
CircFBXW4 Suppresses Colorectal Cancer Progression by Regulating the MiR‐338‐5p/SLC5A7 Axis
Authors: Song Wei , Fu Jincheng , Wu Jing , Ren Jun , Xiang Rensheng , Kong Can , Fu Tao 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDysregulated circular RNAs (circRNAs) contribute to tumourigenesis and cancer progression. However, the expression patterns and biological functions of circRNAs in colorectal cancer (CRC) remain elusive. Here, RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analyses are applied to screen for aberrantly expressed circRNAs. The expression of circFBXW4 in CRC tissues and cell lines is determined by quantitative real‐time PCR. A series of in vitro and in vivo biological function assays are implemented to assess the functions of circFBXW4. The regulatory mechanisms linking circFBXW4, miR‐338‐5p, and SLC5A7 are explored by western blotting, dual luciferase reporter assays, and RNA pull‐down assays. CircFBXW4 is dramatically downregulated in CRC tissues and cell lines. circFBXW4 downregulation is clearly correlated with malignant features and patient overall survival in CRC. Functionally, ectopic expression of circFBXW4 strikingly impairs the proliferation, migration, and invasion capacities of CRC cells in vitro and in vivo, whereas circFBXW4 knockdown has the opposite effects. Mechanistically, circFBXW4 competitively binds to miR‐338‐5p and prevents it from interacting with and repressing its target SLC5A7, thus suppressing the progression of CRC. This study reveals the specific critical role of circFBXW4 in inhibiting CRC progression via the miR‐338‐5p/SLC5A7 axis and provides an additional target for eradicating CRC.
Solvation Modulation and Reversible SiO2‐Enriched Interphase Enabled by Deep Eutectic Sol Electrolytes for Low‐Temperature Zinc Metal Batteries
Authors: Peng Haijun , Xiao Kaishan , Tian Siyu , Han Shaohua , Zhou Jianda , Lu Bingan , Chen Zhizhao , Zhou Jiang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractZinc metal batteries (ZMBs) hold great promise for large‐scale energy storage in renewable solar and wind farms. However, their widespread application is hindered by poor stability and unsatisfactory low‐temperature performance, attributed to issues such as dendrite formation, strong Zn2+‐H2O coordination, and electrolyte freezing. Herein, a deep eutectic sol electrolyte (DESE) is proposed by mixing SiO2 nanoparticles with a solution composed of 1,3‐dioxolane (DOL) and Zn(ClO4)2·6H2O for stable low‐temperature ZMBs. By substituting the strong Zn2+‐ H2O coordination with favorable Zn2+‐DOL coordination, the DESE exhibits exceptional antifreezing capability at temperatures beyond −40 °C. The formation of Si‐O‐Zn2+ bond near SiO2 nanoparticles further improves the low‐temperature performance of the DESE by decreasing Zn2+ desolvation energy. Moreover, the SiO2 nanoparticles co‐plating/co‐stripping with Zn metal, forming a reversible and homogeneous SiO2‐enriched interphase to protect the Zn anode from dendrite growth and interfacial side reactions. Remarkably, the DESE‐based ZMB full cells exhibit significantly prolonged cycle life of 8000 cycles at 1 A g−1 at 25 °C and 700 cycles at 0.2 A g−1 at ‐40 °C. This work provides a promising strategy to design advanced electrolytes for practical low‐temperature ZMBs.
Self‐Supported Fe‐Based Nanostructured Electrocatalysts for Water Splitting and Selective Oxidation Reactions: Past, Present, and Future
Authors: Gaikwad Mayur A. , Burungale Vishal V. , Malavekar Dhanaji B. , Ghorpade Uma. V. , Suryawanshi Umesh P. , Jang Suyoung , Guo Xinyao , Shin Seung Wook , Ha Jun‐Seok , Suryawanshi Mahesh P. , Kim Jin Hyeok 
Published: March 2024

AbstractElectrochemical water splitting plays a vital role in facilitating the transition towards a sustainable energy future by enabling renewable hydrogen (H2) production, energy storage, and emission‐free transportation. Developing earth‐abundant electrocatalysts with outstanding overall water‐splitting performance, excellent catalytic activity, and robust long‐term stability is highly important in the practical application of water electrolysis. Self‐supported electrocatalysts have emerged as the most appealing candidate for practical H2 production due to their increased active site loading, rapid mass and charge transfer, and strong interaction with the underneath conducting support. Additionally, these electrocatalysts also provide enhanced reaction kinetics and stability. Here, a comprehensive review of recent progress in developing self‐supported Fe‐based electrocatalysts for water splitting and selective oxidation reactions is presented with examples of oxyhydroxides, layered double hydroxides, oxides, chalcogenides, phosphides, nitrides, and other Fe‐containing electrocatalysts. A comprehensive historical development in the synthesis of self‐supported Fe‐based electrocatalysts is provided, with an emphasis on the various deposition methods and the choice of self‐supported conducting substrates considering large‐scale commercial applications. An overview of mechanistic understanding and approaches for enhanced H2 production are also presented. Finally, the challenges and opportunities associated with developing Fe‐based electrocatalysts for practical applications in water splitting and alternative oxidation reactions are discussed.
Constructing an Ion‐Wall to Achieve Excellent Lithium Anodes in Li–O2 Batteries with High DN Electrolytes
Authors: Tan Yanyan , Sun Zongqiang , Liu Yaqing , Yan Hao , Wang Chutao , Fan Jingmin , Zheng Mingsen , Dong Quanfeng 
Published: March 2024

AbstractFor the lithium (Li) metal anode, constructing a strong and durable protective layer with lithium‐ion permeability is crucial, especially in high donor number (DN) solvent system. High DN solvent‐based electrolytes can support both higher capacity and lower charge overpotential in the rechargeable lithium–oxygen batteries (LOBs). However, Li anodes in high DN solvent system suffer from severe corrosion and uncontrolled dendrite growth due to the unstable solid‐electrolyte interphase (SEI). Typically, this interface is formed in situ through electrochemical processes with complicated component and spatial distribution. Here, a functional molecule is introduced to construct an ion‐wall (IW) on Li surface by prechemical sequential reactions (p‐CSRs), through which the crystalline nanoparticles as bricks and amorphous hybrid compounds as the mortar can be produced to build such a “wall.” Different from the conventional SEI, this wall is not only compact and uniform, but also possess high strength, excellent passivation properties and high ionic conductivity. With these properties, the IW could suppress Li dendrites and inhabit the side reaction, supporting highly reversible Li plating/stripping behavior in high DN solvent system. As a result, the cycle stability of LOBs based on the IW protected Li anode is significantly improved.
Conformal Deposition of Lithium Metal on Electroactive Organic Materials
Authors: Kim Seung‐Hyeok , Park Jae‐Ho , Lee Ji Eun , Kristanto Imanuel , Park Jae Yeol , Suh Hoyoung , Kim Ji‐Young , Lee Kwon‐Hyung , Jeong Jiwon , Chang Wonyoung , Kwak Sang Kyu , Chung Kyung Yoon , Lee Sang‐Young 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDespite the enormous efforts to control the growth behavior of Li, achieving a dendrite‐free Li deposition and high‐energy‐density have remained an inevitable challenge of Li metal batteries. Here, the conformal deposition of Li metal is reported on electroactive organic materials to achieve a high‐energy‐density and electrochemical longevity. To this end, Li2C8H4O4 (Li2TP), which can act as both the electrode material (providing the redox capacity) and Li host (inducing the dendrite‐free Li deposition), is used as the model electroactive organic material. The Li2TP host exhibits reversible sequential lithiation/delithiation and Li deposition/stripping reactions. Consequently, a Li‐free full cell constructed by the Li2TP host (without pre‐charging) and a LiFePO4 cathode delivered a high areal capacity (≈3.8 mAh cm−2), exceptional rate performance (≤12 mA cm−2), and superior cyclability (80% capacity retention after 100 cycles). This electroactive organic material‐based Li host strategy can provide a new perspective for the development of practical Li metal batteries.
Understanding the Inorganic‐Rich Feature of Anion‐Derived Solid Electrolyte Interphase
Authors: Li Yan , Bai Fengwei , Li Chengzong , Wang Yan , Li Tao 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAnion‐derived solid‐electrolyte interphase (SEI) has received growing attention owing to its appealing properties like fast ion transport and excellent passivation effect. However, a sophisticated understanding of anion‐derived SEI is lacking. To common wisdom, anion‐derived SEI features an inorganic‐rich composition. Herein, it is reveal that the freshly formed anion‐derived SEI consists of a polymer‐rich outer layer and an inorganic inner layer. Then, the organic components dissolve during the discharge process, while the inorganic species with low solubility are retained in the empty SEI husk. The accumulation of empty SEI husks during cycling forms a reacted lithium (Li) layer, which features a much higher content of anion‐derived inorganic species than the newly formed SEI. Therefore, the acknowledged “anion‐derived inorganic‐rich SEI” actually refers to the reacted Li layer instead of the freshly formed SEI. This work provides fruitful insights on the compositional features of anion‐derived SEI.
3D Crystal Framework Regulation Enables Se‐Functionalized Small Molecule Acceptors Achieve Over 19% Efficiency
Authors: Gao Wei , Ma Ruijie , Zhu Lei , Li Lang , Lin Francis R. , Dela Peña Top Archie , Wu Jiaying , Li Mingjie , Zhong Wenkai , Wu Xuefei , Fink Zachary , Tian Chengbo , Liu Feng , Wei Zhanhua , Jen Alex K.‐Y. , Li Gang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSe‐functionalized small molecule acceptors (SMAs) exhibit unique advantages in constructing materials with near‐infrared absorption, but their photovoltaic performance lags behind that of S‐containing analogs in organic solar cells (OSCs). Herein, two new Se‐containing SMAs, namely Se‐EH and Se‐EHp, are designed and synthesized by regulating bifurcation site of outer alkyl chain, which enables Se‐EH and Se‐EHp to form different 3D crystal frameworks from CH1007. Se‐EH displays tighter π–π stacking and denser packing framework with smaller‐sized pore structure induced by larger steric hindrance effect of outer alkyl chain branched at 2‐position, and a higher dielectric constant of PM6:Se‐EH active layer can be obtained. OSCs based on PM6:Se‐EH achieved very high PCEs of 18.58% in binary and 19.03% in ternary devices with a high FF approaching 80% for Se‐containing SMAs. A more significant alkyl chain steric hindrance effect in Se‐EH adjusts the molecular crystallization to form a favorable nanofiber interpenetrating network with an appropriate domain size to reduce rate of sub‐ns recombination and promote balanced transport of carriers. This work provides references for further design and development of highly efficient Se‐functionalized SMAs.
Fluorinated Quasi 2D Perovskite Solar Cells with Improved Stability and Over 19% Efficiency
Authors: Zhou Tong , Li Qiaohui , Zhou Li 
Published: March 2024

Abstract2D Ruddlesden–Popper perovskites (RPP) with excellent environmental and structural stability are emerging photovoltaic materials. Here, a benzylamine‐based spacer, namely 3,5‐difluorobenzylamine (DF‐BZA), is developed for stable and efficient quasi‐2D‐RP perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Compared to benzylamine (BZA)‐based quasi‐2D RPP, the DF‐BZA‐based perovskite film exhibited superior film quality with significantly enlarged grain size and improved charge carrier lifetime owing to the fluorine atoms in DF‐BZA. As a result, the optimized (DF‐BZA)2FA3Pb4I13 PSCs achieve a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 19.24%, while BZA‐based PSCs ((BZA)2FA3Pb4I13) only achieve a PCE of 17.04%. This represents the champion PCE using FA as the A‐site cation in quasi‐2D RPPs with n = 4. Moreover, due to the effective insertion of fluorinated spacers into the inorganic layers, the moisture resistance stability and 85 °C thermal stability of (DF‐BZA)2FA3Pb4I13 are significantly improved. The improvement of photovoltaic performance and stability highlight the great potential of DF‐BZA‐based spacer for high‐performance quasi‐2D RP PSCs.
The aggregation behaviors of organic radicals in polar fluorinated arenes
Authors: Liu Shan , Yang Yin , Liu Tianfei 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPolar fluorinated arenes can promote organic free radical reactions, which have attracted scientists’ interest in recent years. However, it is still unknown how these solvents interact weakly with organic radical molecules to influence their reactivity. In this study, we investigated how organic free radicals aggregate in five polar fluorocarbon solvents, and demonstrated that different substituents can influence their aggregation behaviors. In these solvents, small organic radicals with simple substituents maintain a homogeneous solution; however, radicals with substituents that form intermolecular hydrogen bonds or with long‐chain aliphatic hydrocarbons tend to aggregate in them, whereas substituents of long‐chain aliphatic hydrocarbons tend to promote aggregation better. The critical aggregation concentrations of these aggregates are measured by concentration‐dependent UV–visible spectroscopy. Their topological morphologies are all spherical based on TEM. The compactness and rotational motivation speed of radical molecules within these aggregates are determined by EPR spectroscopy. The particle sizes of these aggregates are determined by analyzing their cyclic voltammograms. Most excitingly, electrochemical experiments reveal that the aggregation behaviors of free radical molecules with intermolecular hydrogen bonds can significantly increase their catalytic rate for electro‐oxidizing benzyl alcohol in such a solvent. The results of this study indicate that in polar fluorinated arenes organic radical molecules’ aggregation behaviors are related to their structures. This may provide guidelines for regulating organic radical reactivity in these solvents in the future.