bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Therapeutic integration of c‐myc and bcl‐2 antisense molecules with docetaxel in a preclinical model of hormone‐refractory prostate cancer
Authors: Leonetti Carlo , Biroccio Annamaria , D'Angelo Carmen , Semple Sean. C. , Scarsella Marco , Zupi Gabriella 
Published: July 2007

AbstractBackgroundThe response of hormone‐refractory prostate cancer (HRPC) to chemotherapy remains modest, necessitating the search for new forms of treatment to improve the prognosis. Since an increased expression of oncogenes, including c‐myc and bcl‐2, accompanies the transition to HRPC, we evaluated whether the concomitant downregulation of these oncogenes by antisense strategy sensitized HRPC to chemotherapy.MethodsPC‐3 prostate cancer cells were exposed in vitro to c‐myc (INX‐6295) and bcl‐2 (G3139) antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) and docetaxel given alone or in combination. Therapeutic efficacy of the different treatments was also evaluated in xenografts.ResultsWe show that the triple combination of drugs given in the sequence G3139/docetaxel/INX‐6295 was the most active in reducing the survival of PC‐3. Likewise, the combination triggered apoptosis in more than 80% of cells. A marked tumor weight inhibition was observed in PC‐3 xenografts after G3139/docetaxel/INX‐6295 treatment, with a complete tumor regression being noted in half the mice. A 111% overall increase in life survival and a complete cure in two out of eight mice was also reported. This treatment remained effective even when started at a very late stage of tumor growth producing about 80% tumor weight inhibition (TWI), with tumor regression being maintained for 1 month. Finally, the antitumor effect resulted in a significant increase (70%) in mice survival.ConclusionsThese data indicate that the combined targeting of genes involved in uncontrolled proliferation and evasion of apoptosis renders HRPC responsive to chemotherapy making this treatment a promising antineoplastic strategy. Prostate 67: 1475–1485, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Crystal structures of two novel dye‐decolorizing peroxidases reveal a β‐barrel fold with a conserved heme‐binding motif
Authors: Zubieta Chloe , Krishna S. Sri , Kapoor Mili , Kozbial Piotr , McMullan Daniel , Axelrod Herbert L. , Miller Mitchell D. , Abdubek Polat , Ambing Eileen , Astakhova Tamara , Carlton Dennis , Chiu Hsiu‐Ju , Clayton Thomas , Deller Marc C. , Duan Lian , Elsliger Marc‐André , Feuerhelm Julie , Grzechnik Slawomir K. , Hale Joanna , Hampton Eric , Han Gye Won , Jaroszewski Lukasz , Jin Kevin K. , Klock Heath E. , Knuth Mark W. , Kumar Abhinav , Marciano David , Morse Andrew T. , Nigoghossian Edward , Okach Linda , Oommachen Silvya , Reyes Ron , Rife Christopher L. , Schimmel Paul , Bedem Henry van den , Weekes Dana , White Aprilfawn , Xu Qingping , Hodgson Keith O. , Wooley John , Deacon Ashley M. , Godzik Adam , Lesley Scott A. , Wilson Ian A. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractBtDyP from Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (strain VPI‐5482) and TyrA from Shewanella oneidensis are dye‐decolorizing peroxidases (DyPs), members of a new family of heme‐dependent peroxidases recently identified in fungi and bacteria. Here, we report the crystal structures of BtDyP and TyrA at 1.6 and 2.7 Å, respectively. BtDyP assembles into a hexamer, while TyrA assembles into a dimer; the dimerization interface is conserved between the two proteins. Each monomer exhibits a two‐domain, α+β ferredoxin‐like fold. A site for heme binding was identified computationally, and modeling of a heme into the proposed active site allowed for identification of residues likely to be functionally important. Structural and sequence comparisons with other DyPs demonstrate a conservation of putative heme‐binding residues, including an absolutely conserved histidine. Isothermal titration calorimetry experiments confirm heme binding, but with a stoichiometry of 0.3:1 (heme:protein). Proteins 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Structures of dimeric dihydrodiol dehydrogenase apoenzyme and inhibitor complex: Probing the subunit interface with site‐directed mutagenesis
Authors: Carbone Vincenzo , Endo Satoshi , Sumii Rie , Chung Roland P.‐T. , Matsunaga Toshiyuki , Hara Akira , El‐Kabbani Ossama 
Published: July 2007

AbstractDimeric dihydrodiol dehydrogenase (DD) catalyses the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+)‐dependent oxidation of trans‐dihydrodiols of aromatic hydrocarbons to their corresponding catechols. This is the first report of the crystal structure of the dimeric enzyme determined at 2.0 Å resolution. The tertiary structure is formed by a classical dinucleotide binding fold comprising of two βαβαβ motifs at the N‐terminus and an eight‐stranded, predominantly antiparallel β‐sheet at the C‐terminus. The active‐site of DD, occupied either by a glycerol molecule or the inhibitor 4‐hydroxyacetophenone, is located in the C‐terminal domain of the protein and maintained by a number of residues including Lys97, Trp125, Phe154, Leu158, Val161, Asp176, Leu177, Tyr180, Trp254, Phe279, and Asp280. The dimer interface is stabilized by a large number of intermolecular contacts mediated by the β‐sheet of each monomer, which includes an intricate hydrogen bonding network maintained in principal by Arg148 and Arg202. Site‐directed mutagenesis has demonstrated that the intact dimer is not essential for catalytic activity. The similarity between the quaternary structures of mammalian DD and glucose‐fructose oxidoreductase isolated from the prokaryotic organism Zymomonas mobilis suggests that both enzymes are members of a unique family of oligomeric proteins and may share a common ancestral gene. Proteins 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The X‐ray crystallographic structure and activity analysis of a Pseudomonas‐specific subfamily of the HAD enzyme superfamily evidences a novel biochemical function
Authors: Peisach Ezra , Wang Liangbing , Burroughs A. Maxwell , Aravind L. , Dunaway‐Mariano Debra , Allen Karen N. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe haloacid dehalogenase (HAD) superfamily is a large family of proteins dominated by phosphotransferases. Thirty‐three sequence families within the HAD superfamily (HADSF) have been identified to assist in function assignment. One such family includes the enzyme phosphoacetaldehyde hydrolase (phosphonatase). Phosphonatase possesses the conserved Rossmanniod core domain and a C1‐type cap domain. Other members of this family do not possess a cap domain and because the cap domain of phosphonatase plays an important role in active site desolvation and catalysis, the function of the capless family members must be unique. A representative of the capless subfamily, PSPTO_2114, from the plant pathogen Pseudomonas syringae, was targeted for catalytic activity and structure analyses. The X‐ray structure of PSPTO_2114 reveals a capless homodimer that conserves some but not all of the intersubunit contacts contributed by the core domains of the phosphonatase homodimer. The region of the PSPTO_2114 that corresponds to the catalytic scaffold of phosphonatase (and other HAD phosphotransfereases) positions amino acid residues that are ill suited for Mg+2 cofactor binding and mediation of phosphoryl group transfer between donor and acceptor substrates. The absence of phosphotransferase activity in PSPTO_2114 was confirmed by kinetic assays. To explore PSPTO_2114 function, the conservation of sequence motifs extending outside of the HADSF catalytic scaffold was examined. The stringently conserved residues among PSPTO_2114 homologs were mapped onto the PSPTO_2114 three‐dimensional structure to identify a surface region unique to the family members that do not possess a cap domain. The hypothesis that this region is used in protein–protein recognition is explored to define, for the first time, HADSF proteins which have acquired a function other than that of a catalyst. Proteins 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
CSB safety videos: A new and effective communication tool for accident investigation findings
Authors: Horowitz Daniel M. , Gilmour Sandy 
Published: July 2007

AbstractSince 1998 the U.S. Chemical Safety Board (CSB) has issued detailed written reports based on investigations of major U.S. chemical accidents. While the reports are indispensable written records of the investigations, in many cases the audiences for these lengthy technical products have been limited. In 2005, the CSB introduced a new product: short safety videos of 5–10 min that summarize an investigation. The videos have been distributed primarily as streaming content over the Internet and also in DVD and downloadable formats. A centerpiece of each video is a 3D computer animation sequence that recreates a complex chemical accident. The videos also have included CSB board members and investigators discussing good industrial safety practices to prevent similar accidents. In the first 8 months of the video program, the audience for CSB accident investigations increased by more than one order of magnitude, and the results of the investigations are now being used for training, hazard analysis, and plant engineering in a variety of industries worldwide. © 2007 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Process Saf Prog 26:177–179, 2007
A novel software tool for copolymer characterization by coupling of liquid chromatography with matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry
Authors: Weidner Steffen M. , Falkenhagen Jana , Maltsev Sergey , Sauerland Volker , Rinken Marian 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe results of copolymer characterization by coupling of chromatography and matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF MS) techniques and subsequent calculation of copolymer composition using a novel software tool ‘MassChrom2D’ are presented. For high‐resolution mass analysis copolymer samples were fractionated by means of liquid adsorption chromatography (LAC). These fractions were investigated off‐line by MALDI‐TOF MS. Various mono‐n‐butyl ethers of polyethylene oxide‐polypropylene oxide copolymers (PEO‐co‐PPO) were investigated. As well as the copolymer composition presented in two‐dimensional plots, the applied approach can give additional hints on specific structure‐dependent separation conditions in chromatography. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Identification of carbohydrates by matrix‐free material‐enhanced laser desorption/ionisation mass spectrometry
Authors: Hashir Muhammad Ahsan , Stecher Guenther , Bakry Rania , Kasemsook Saowapak , Blassnig Bernhard , Feuerstein Isabel , Abel Gudrun , Popp Michael , Bobleter Ortwin , Bonn Guenther K. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractMatrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionisation time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF‐MS) is a sensitive mass spectrometric technique which utilises acidic materials as matrices for laser energy absorption, desorption and ionisation of analytes. These matrix materials produce background signals particularly in the low‐mass range and make the detection and identification of small molecules difficult and nearly impossible. To overcome this problem this paper introduces matrix‐free material‐enhanced laser desorption/ionisation mass spectrometry (mf‐MELDI‐MS) for the screening and analysis of small molecules such as carbohydrates. For this purpose, 4,4′‐azo‐dianiline was immobilised on silica gel enabling the absorption of laser energy sufficient for successful desorption and ionisation of low molecular weight compounds. The particle and pore sizes, the solvent system for suspension and the sample preparation procedures have been optimised. The newly synthesised MELDI material delivered excellent spectra with regard to signal–to‐noise ratio and detection sensitivity. Finally, wheat straw degradation products and Salix alba L. plant extracts were analysed proving the high performance and excellent behaviour of the introduced material. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Risk sharing in supplier relations: an agency model for the Italian air‐conditioning industry
Authors: Camuffo Arnaldo , Furlan Andrea , Rettore Enrico 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThis study of risk sharing in the Italian high precision air conditioning (AC) industry confirms agency theory predictions that buyers absorb risk to a non‐negligible degree, and that they absorb more risk (a) the greater the supplier's environmental uncertainty, (b) the more risk averse the supplier, and (c) the less severe the supplier's moral hazard. The analyzed buyers accommodate for unforeseen and uncontracted‐for cost fluctuations, which is consistent with relational contract theory. The study clarifies the relationship between risk sharing and the supplier's size, technological capability, financial stability, and cost fluctuation. It also suggests how buyers may adjust their risk‐sharing strategy as suppliers grow, develop technological capabilities, and change financial structure. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Follow the small? Information‐revealing adoption bandwagons when observers expect larger firms to benefit more from adoption
Authors: Terlaak Ann , King Andrew A. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractWe extend understanding of information‐revealing bandwagons by considering a common condition under which adoption of a practice by small organizations, rather than large ones, has a disproportionate influence on future adoption propensities. We hypothesize that when the value of adoption increases with organizational size, smaller adopters have such disproportionate influence because they allow observers better to infer that adoption will be profitable for their own organization. We elaborate the theory by predicting that alternative information sources moderate the influence of smaller adopters. Empirically, we test our theory with longitudinal data on the adoption of the ISO 9000 quality management standard. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Alliance portfolios and firm performance: A study of value creation and appropriation in the U.S. software industry
Authors: Lavie Dovev 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThis study reveals the multifaceted contribution of alliance portfolios to firms' market performance. Extending prior research that has stressed the value‐creation effect of network resources, it uncovers how prominent partners may undermine a firm's capacity to appropriate value from its alliance portfolio. Analysis of a comprehensive panel dataset of 367 software firms and their 20,779 alliances suggests that the contribution of network resources to value creation varies with the complementarity of those resources. Furthermore, the relative bargaining power of partners in the alliance portfolio constrains the firm's appropriation capacity, especially when many of these partners compete in the focal firm's industry. In turn, the firm's market performance improves with the intensity of competition among partners in its alliance portfolio. These findings advance network research by highlighting the trade‐offs that alliance portfolios impose on firms that seek to manage and leverage their alliances. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
XRF applications in archaeometry: analysis of Marajoara pubic covers and pigments from the sarcophagus cartonage of an Egyptian mummy
Authors: Calza Cristiane , Anjos Marcelino J. , Bueno Maria Izabel M. S. , de Souza Sheila Mendonça , Brancaglion Jr Antonio , Lima Tânia A. , Lopes Ricardo Tadeu 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThis work presents two applications of XRF in archaeometry. The first case involved a female mummy from the Roman period, which is considered one of the most important pieces of the National Museum (Rio de Janeiro), because of its unconventional embalming with legs and arms swathed separately. The objective was to characterize the elemental composition of the pigments found in the sarcophagus cartonage and to verify whether they were in accordance with those used by Egyptian craftsmen in the cited period. The elements identified were Si, S, Cl, K, Ca, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Sr, Hg, and Pb. In the second case, the composition of decorated pottery pubic covers (tangas) from the Marajoara culture was evaluated using EDXRF. Ceramics from the Marajó Island (at the mouth of Amazon River, Brazil) represent one of the most beautiful and sophisticated styles of the pre‐Columbian art. Decorated tangas were used by Marajoara girls probably as part of puberty rites. The analyzed samples were two tangas and four fragments from the National Museum's collection. One fragment (sample 22245) presented a different design pattern that seemed to indicate a different provenance. The elements identified were K, Ca, Ti, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Ga, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, and Pb. Multivariate statistical analysis was applied to the results. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparison of several types of enrichment for captive felids
Authors: Skibiel Amy L. , Trevino Heather S. , Naugher Ken 
Published: July 2007

AbstractEnrichment can increase the complexity of the captive environment and possibly enhance captive animals' well‐being by stimulating active behaviors and reducing stereotypical behaviors commonly seen in zoo felids. In this study, three different enrichment items were added to outdoor enclosures of felids at the Montgomery Zoo to test their effects on activity levels and stereotypic pacing. Bones, frozen fish, and spices (cinnamon, chili powder, and cumin) were presented over a 3‐month period to six species of felids: cheetah, cougar, jaguar, lion, ocelot, and tiger. Proportion of time spent engaging in active behaviors and stereotypic pacing were compared before, during, and after treatments. All treatments resulted in a significant increase in activity level from baseline (bones: +15.59%; frozen fish: +35.7%; spices: +12.38%). Effects of enrichment items on activity levels were not sustained 7 days after removal. Proportion of time spent pacing significantly decreased during presentation of spices (−21.25%) and frozen fish (−26.58%), but not with the addition of bones. However, only the effect of frozen fish on stereotypic behavior was sustained 7 days after removal of the enrichment item. In conclusion, bones, spices, and frozen fish are inexpensive and easy‐to‐administer enrichment items that may be used to increase active behaviors of captive felids. Zoo Biol 26:371–381, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Structure of hydroperoxides obtained from autoxidized methyl linoleate
Authors: Privett O. S. , Lundberg W. O. , Khan N. A. , Tolberg Wesley E. , Wheeler Donald H. 
Published: July 2007

SummaryA sample of debromination methyl linoleate has been autoxidized to a peroxide value of 671 m.e./kg. at approximately 0°C. in the dark. An essentially pure concentrate of methyl octadecadienoate monohy‐droperoxide was quantitatively separated; infrared and ultraviolet spectral studies were made on the peroxide concentrate and on the corresponding hydroxyl derivative obtained by reducing the peroxides with stannous chloride.The infrared data showed no conjugated peroxides having geometric configurations other than cis, trans; the same data also showed that the peroxide concentrate contained at least 90% conjugated cis,trans forms. Calculations based on ultraviolet spectrophotometric methods also indicated that the peroxides were at least 90% conjugated. The remaining 10% of the sample is most likely nonconjugated diene hydroperoxide. Since analogous cis, cis conjugated dienes have not been isolated and their infrared and ultraviolet properties are unknown, their presence here in small amounts is possible. Ultraviolet and infrared spectra of the reduced compounds conform closely to those of the peroxides except for reduction in the intensity of the OH bond at 2.88 μ.The infrared absorption spectra of the C−H structure and carbonyl groups of an essentially pure conjugated cis, trans methyl octadecadienoate monohydroperoxide were recorded, using a LiF prism.The infrared absorption spectra of the C−H strucfraction isolated from methyl linoleate autoxidized in the dark at 24°C. indicated that appreciable amounts of conjugated trans, trans hydroperoxides were present, in addition to those of the cis, trans type. It is possible that the conjugated cis, trans isomers were formed originally but were labile at the higher temperature and in the presence of catalysts (e.g., peroxides) were transformed to the thermodynamically more stable conjugated trans, trans isomer.
An improved procedure for the purification of gossypol
Authors: King W. H. , Thurber F. H. 
Published: July 2007

SummaryMethods of dissociating the gossypol‐acetic acid complex prepared from the butanone extract of defatted cottonseed flakes and methods of recrystallizing gossypol were studied. The study led to the development of an improved rapid procedure for the purification of gossypol.In this procedure gossypol‐acetic acid is dissociated with aqueous sodium hydroxide containing sodium hydrosulfite; the gossypol is precipitated with hydrochloric acid, extracted with ether, and recrystallized from a mixture of ether and xylene. Two crystallizations by this procedure gave gossypol free from acetic acid and of a high degree of purity. Gossypol‐acetic acid of a high degree of purity was prepared by a modification of this procedure.The degree of purity of the gossypol prepared by the improved procedure was determined by a number of tests, which are described. Spectral and titration curves for pure gossypol are presented, and standards of purity are suggested.The molecular weight of gossypol and gossypolacetic acid prepared by the procedures described is approximately 518 and 578, respectively.
Significance of Ductal Margin Status in Patients Undergoing Surgical Resection for Extrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Sasaki Ryoko , Takeda Yuichiro , Funato Osamu , Nitta Hiroyuki , Kawamura Hidenobu , Uesugi Noriyuki , Sugai Tamotsu , Wakabayashi Go , Ohkohchi Nobuhiro 
Published: July 2007

AbstractObjectivesThe objective of this study was to determine whether carcinoma in situ at the bile duct margin is prognostically different from residual invasive carcinoma in patients with extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.Summary Background DataAlthough there are many reports that the ductal margin status at bile duct resection stumps is a prognostic indicator in patients with extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, some patients who undergo resection with microscopic tumor involvement of the bile duct margin survive longer than expected.MethodsA retrospective clinicopathological analysis of 128 patients who had undergone surgical resection for extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma was conducted. The status of the bile duct resection margin was classifiedas negative in 105 patients (82.0%), positive for carcinoma in situ in 12 patients (9.4%), and positive for invasive carcinoma in 11 patients (8.6%).ResultsDuctal margin status was an independent prognostic indicator by both univariate (p = 0.0022) and multivariate (p = 0.0105) analyses, along with lymph node metastasis. There was no significant difference between patients with a negative ductal margin and those with a positive ductal margin with carcinoma in situ (p = 0.5247). The 5‐year survival rate of patients with a positive ductal margin with carcinoma in situ (22.2%) was significantly better (p = 0.0241) than with invasive carcinoma (0%). There was a significant relationship between local recurrence and ductal margin status (p = 0.0401).ConclusionsAmong patients undergoing surgical resection for extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, invasive carcinoma at the ductal resection margins appears to have a significant relation to local recurrence and also a significant negative impact on survival, whereas residual carcinoma in situ does not. Discrimination whether carcinoma in situ or invasive carcinoma is present is important in clinical setting in which the resection margin at the ductal stump is positive.