bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wnt/frizzled family members mediate olfactory sensory neuron axon extension
Authors: Rodriguez‐Gil Diego J. , Greer Charles A. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThe main olfactory epithelium from a postnatal day 4 mouse. Tissue was stained for olfactory marker protein (OMP, red), Wnt‐5a (green) and DRAQ5 (blue). All the mature, OMP‐expressing, olfactory sensory neurons showed Wnt‐5a expression. Wnt‐5a expression appears to cap the nucleus of olfactory sensory neurons apically in a position that is consistent with the localization of the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. J. Comp. Neurol. 511:301–317, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Expression of HPV L1 capsid protein in cervical specimens with HPV infection
Authors: Lee Heejeong , Lee Kyung‐Ji , Jung Chan‐Kwon , Hong Jae‐Hwa , Lee Youn‐Soo , Choi Young‐Jin , Lee Kyo‐Young , Park Gyeongsin 
Published: October 2008

AbstractWe tried to investigate the expression rate of human papillomavirus (HPV) L1 capsid protein in uterine cervical specimens and correlate it with the grade of dysplasia, HPV genotype and age of the patients. Among uterine cervical specimens proved to have HPV by DNA genotyping test, eighty cytology‐biopsy matched cases and 22 unmatched cytology specimens were selected. Immunostaining for L1 capsid protein was performed on both cervical smears and tissue sections. The L1 capsid protein was expressed mainly in the nuclei, but occasionally in the cytoplasm of cells located in the superficial layer of squamous epithelium. The immunostaining for L1 capsid protein showed positive reaction in 47 cases (46.1%) of cervical smears and in 10 cases (12.5%) of tissue sections (P = 0.001). Cytologic diagnosis revealed a higher expression rate in LSILs (25/33; 75.8%) than in HSILs and cervical cancers (8/20; 40.0% and 2/5; 40%, respectively) (P = 0.006). In LSILs, cases with low‐risk type HPV showed a higher L1 capsid expression rate than those with the high‐risk type HPV (88.9% vs. 70.8%). The L1 capsid expression rate decreased in the over‐40‐year‐old age group compared to the younger age (49.2% vs. 50.8%). Cytology smears were superior to tissue sections for the detection of L1 capsid protein expression. LSILs and HPV low‐risk group showed higher L1 capsid expression rate than HSILs and HPV high‐risk group, which suggests that L1 capsid expression might be related to a favorable disease biology. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Epidermal inclusion cyst: Cytomorphological features and differential diagnosis
Authors: Handa Uma , Chhabra Seema , Mohan Harsh 
Published: October 2008

AbstractAspirates from 162 epidermal inclusion cysts (EIC) from 157 patients were analyzed in order to elaborate on specific cytologic features. The most common site involved was the head and neck region (96 cases; 59.2%). The maximum patients were in the 3rd and 4th decades of life. Aspirates from EIC showed a clear background, with high cellularity, and nucleate and anucleate squames. Keratinous material was seen in some cases but the amount was less compared with the cellular elements. In 31 cases, a diagnosis of infected EIC was made on the basis of dense inflammatory infiltrate in addition to the squames. Histopatholgy was available in 56 cases out of which EIC was diagnosed in 45 cases. The remaining 11 cases were dermoid cyst (5 cases), branchial cyst (2 cases), pilomatricoma (2 cases), and sebaceous and thyroglossal cyst (1 case each). Thus, EIC should be differentiated from other squamous cell containing lesions. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
MAP3Ks as central regulators of cell fate during development
Authors: Craig Evisabel A. , Stevens Mark V. , Vaillancourt Richard R. , Camenisch Todd D. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThe cytoplasmic serine/threonine kinases transduce extracellular signals into regulatory events that impact cellular responses. The induction of one kinase triggers the activation of several downstream kinases, leading to the regulation of transcription factors to affect gene function. This arrangement allows for the kinase cascade to be amplified, and integrated according to the cellular context. An upstream mitogen or growth factor signal initiates a module of three kinases: a mitogen‐activated protein (MAP) kinase kinase kinase (MAPKKK; e.g., Raf) that phosphorylates and activates a MAP kinase kinase (MAPKK; e.g., MEK) and finally activation of MAP kinase (MAPK; e.g., ERK). Thus, this MAP3K‐MAP2K‐MAPK module represents critical effectors that regulate extracellular stimuli into cellular responses, such as differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis all of which function during development. There are 21 characterized MAP3Ks that activate known MAP2Ks, and they function in many aspects of developmental biology. This review summarizes known transduction routes linked to each MAP3K and highlights mouse models that provide clues to their physiological functions. This perspective reveals that some of these MAP3K effectors may have redundant functions, and also serve as unique nexus depending on the context of the signaling pathway. Developmental Dynamics 237:3102–3114, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Seasonal and interannual variation of streamflow pathways and biogeochemical implications in semi‐arid, forested catchments in Valles Caldera, New Mexico
Authors: Liu Fengjing , Parmenter Robert , Brooks Paul D. , Conklin Martha H. , Bales Roger C. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractPathways of streamflow were investigated using geochemical tracers in ungauged headwater and higher‐order streams in the semi‐arid, forested, Valles Caldera, New Mexico. Combining diagnostic tools of mixing models and endmember mixing analysis (EMMA) shows that streamflow at East Fork Jemez River and San Antonio West (both > 120 km2) was controlled by mixing of three endmembers: near‐surface runoff, subsurface flow and groundwater. The contribution of near‐surface runoff was primarily controlled by soil moisture and evapotranspiration, and was much higher in wet years (2005 and 2007) than a dry year (2006) and during the spring snowmelt than in the summer monsoon. Streamflow at the San Antonio Toledo headwater catchment (55 km2) was dominated by subsurface flow alone, consistent with the distribution of coarse‐textured, well‐drained soils at higher elevations. During the snowmelt period and at catchments with higher near‐surface runoff contributions, nutrient concentrations in streams were found to be higher, as a result of nutrient leaching from the upper organic‐rich soil horizons by near‐surface runoff. These results highlight the importance of seasonal and interannual variability of hydrology in semi‐arid regions, and the role of flowpaths in controlling sources of nutrients in streams. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evaluation of distributed soil moisture simulations through field observations during the North American monsoon in Redondo Creek, New Mexico
Authors: Mahmood Taufique H. , Vivoni Enrique R. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractSoil moisture is a key ecohydrological variable connecting ecosystem functions with hydrological processes in forested mountain basins. Nevertheless, few studies have investigated the spatiotemporal variations of soil moisture in mountainous settings or attempted to understand these through a modelling framework. In this study, we evaluate distributed soil moisture simulations in the Redondo Creek, New Mexico, using a set of field observations consisting of hourly data at a weather station and daily samples of soil moisture obtained during an intensive field campaign. Results indicate that simulated soil moisture patterns during the North American monsoon (NAM) are in reasonable agreement with observations across a range of ecosystems (wetland, grassland and forest). Using a set of temporal and spatial statistics, we quantify the distributed model performance at the point, ecosystem and basin scales. We find improved performance at the grassland and forest sites as compared to the near‐stream wetlands. As a strong test of the model, we also compare the observed and simulated soil moisture probability density functions across the different ecosystems, finding that the overall match for grassland and forest was superior to the wetland areas. On the basis of the model simulations, we quantify, through visual inspection and geostatistical analysis, the controlling factors (rainfall, topography, vegetation and soils) on the soil moisture spatial patterns at different stages during the summer monsoon. Confidence in the distributed model gained through this analysis can open avenues for process studies and basin‐scale predictions of mountain ecohydrology. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparison of soil moisture and meteorological controls on pine and spruce transpiration
Authors: Small Eric E. , McConnell Joseph R. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractTranspiration is an important component of the water balance in the high elevation headwaters of semi‐arid drainage basins. We compare the importance of soil moisture and meteorological controls on transpiration and quantify how these controls are different at a ponderosa pine site and a spruce site in the Jemez river drainage basin of northern New Mexico, a sub‐basin of the Rio Grande. If only soil moisture controls fluctuations in transpiration, then simple hydrologic models focussed only on soil moisture limitations are reasonable for water balance studies. If meteorological controls are also critical, then more complex models are required.We measured volumetric water content in the soil and sap velocity, and assumed that transpiration is proportional to sap velocity. Ponderosa sap velocity varies with root zone soil moisture. Nearly all of the scatter in the ponderosa sap velocity–soil moisture relationship can be predicted using a simple model of potential evapotranspiration (ET), which depends only on measured incident radiation and air temperature. Therefore, simple hydrologic models of ponderosa pine transpiration are warranted. In contrast, spruce sap velocity does not clearly covary with soil moisture. Including variations in potential evapotranspiration does not clarify the relationship between sap velocity and soil moisture. Likewise, variations in radiation, air temperature, and vapour pressure do not explain the observed fluctuations in sap velocity, at least according to the standard models and parameters for meteorological restrictions on transpiration. Both the simple and more complex models commonly used to predict transpiration are not adequate to model the water balance in the spruce forest studied here. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Convenient Mode to Stabilize MI Metal Ions by Using Thiosemicarbazones
Authors: Castiñeiras Alfonso , Pedrido Rosa , Pérez‐Alonso Gael 
Published: October 2008

AbstractWe investigated the coordinative behaviour of the phosphanylthiosemicarbazone ligand 2‐[2‐(diphenylphosphanyl)benzylidene]‐N‐phenylthiosemicarbazone (HLPPh) towards coinage MI metal ions (M = Cu, Ag, Au). The complexes obtained, with formulae [Cu(HLPPh)2]Br (1), [Cu(HLPPh)2]I·H2O (2), [Ag(HLPPh)(NO3)]·3H2O (3) and [Au2(HLPPh)2]·3CH3OH (4), were satisfactorily characterized by elemental analysis, IR and 1H/31P NMR spectroscopy as well as ESI mass spectrometry. In addition, we obtained the crystal structure of the complex [Au2(μ‐S,P‐HLPPh)2]Cl2 (5), which is the first example of a homoleptic thiosemicarbazone AuI complex, because the AuI ion has been stabilized by exclusively using a phosphanylthiosemicarbazone ligand. We also performed preliminary luminescence studies for these complexes, as well as the screening of its biological activity against human cervical carcinoma (HeLa) cells. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Asymmetric Malonic and Acetoacetic Acid Syntheses – A Century of Enantioselective Decarboxylative Protonations
Authors: Blanchet Jérôme , Baudoux Jérôme , Amere Mukkanti , Lasne Marie‐Claire , Rouden Jacques 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThe enantioselective decarboxylative protonation (EDP) of malonic or acetoacetic acid derivatives is a synthetic methodology by which the chirality of the product is generated during the enol/enolate protonation step. Although EDP is a century‐old reaction, it has not received much attention until recently. This review focuses on the EDP as an alternative to the strong‐base‐mediated deprotonation/asymmetric reprotonation for the stereocontrol of C–H bond formation. The diverse synthetic approaches are classified according to the type of catalysis used, which are organic, metallic or enzymatic.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Kinetic Resolution of β‐Alkenyl‐, β‐Alkynyl‐ and β‐Flavenyl‐Substituted β‐Hydroxy Esters in Asymmetric Dehydration
Authors: Lee Min Hee , Choi Eui Ta , Kim Dajung , Lee Yoon Min , Park Yong Sun 
Published: October 2008

AbstractCatalytic asymmetric dehydration of β‐alkenyl‐ or alkynyl‐substituted β‐hydroxy esters by kinetic resolution has been investigated with five different chiral ligands 3–7. The kinetic resolution of a variety of racemic β‐hydroxy tert‐butyl esters in the presence of a prolinol chiral ligand and BrZnCH2CO2tBu provided highly enantio‐enriched β‐hydroxy esters 9–22 with selectivity factors ranging from 11 to 59. In addition, the application of this asymmetric synthetic methodology to the preparation of enantio‐enriched flavene derivatives 23–29 is demonstrated. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Dynamic two state stochastic models for ecological regime shifts
Authors: Møller Jan Kloppenborg , Carstensen Jacob , Madsen Henrik , Andersen Tom 
Published: October 2008

AbstractA simple non‐linear stochastic two state, discrete‐time model is presented. The interaction between benthic and pelagic vegetation in aquatic ecosystems subject to changing external nutrient loading is described by the non‐linear functions. The dynamical behavior of the deterministic part of the model illustrates that hysteresis effect and regime shifts can be obtained for a limited range of parameter values only. The effect of multiplicative noise components entering at different levels of the model is presented and discussed. Including noise leads to very different results on the stability of regimes, depending on how the noise propagates through the system. The dynamical properties of a system should therefore be described through propagation of the state distributions rather than the state means and consequently, stochastic models should be compared in a probabilistic framework. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An in‐home geriatric programme for vulnerable community‐dwelling older people improves the detection of dementia in primary care
Authors: Perry M. , Melis R. J. F. , Teerenstra S. , Drašković I. , van Achterberg T. , van Eijken M. I. J. , Lucassen P. , Rikkert M. G. M. Olde 
Published: October 2008

AbstractBackground/objectiveDementia is under‐diagnosed in primary care. This study investigated whether an in‐home geriatric assessment and management programme could improve the identification of patients with dementia in primary care.MethodsA secondary analysis was performed, using data of a randomised controlled trial that studied the effects of an in‐home geriatric evaluation and management programme compared with usual care. In this trial, 151 vulnerable community‐dwelling patients, aged 70 years and older, participated: 86 in the intervention group and 66 in de control group. The effect of the programme on the dementia detection rate was determined by comparing the number of new dementia diagnoses in both study arms at 6 months follow‐up.ResultsOf all 151 participants, 38 (25%) had a registered dementia diagnosis at baseline. During follow‐up, 23 of 113 patients without a registered dementia diagnosis at baseline were identified as suffering from dementia. The difference between the numbers of new dementia diagnoses in the intervention group (19 of 66 patients) and the control group (4 of 47 patients) was significant. (p = 0.02)ConclusionAn in‐home geriatric assessment and management programme for vulnerable older patients improves the detection of dementia and can therefore contribute to overcoming of under‐diagnosis of dementia. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Angiosarcoma developing after curative induction chemotherapy and radiotherapy for locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx
Authors: Gagnon Patrick J. , Galderisi Chad , Page Brandi R. , Holland John M. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractBackgroundAngiosarcoma arising after radiation is described in breast cancer but occurs elsewhere. Here, we present an angiosarcoma of the neck occurring after curative chemoradiation.MethodsThis is a case of angiosarcoma developing 5 years after curative therapy for T3N0 squamous cell carcinoma of the supraglottic larynx. Therapy consisted of 3 cycles of induction cisplatin/5‐fluorouracil chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy. The patient did well until developing a rapidly progressive lesion of the left neck. Examination showed a 7‐cm mass and biopsy revealed angiosarcoma. CT scans assessed the local extent of the tumor and ruled out metastatic disease prior to initiating therapy.ResultsTherapy consisted of 4 cycles of paclitaxel chemotherapy. At completion, examination revealed mild induration of the neck with near‐complete resolution of the mass. Imaging confirmed this excellent response.ConclusionThis rare therapy‐related second malignancy developed after curative larynx‐preserving treatment. Paclitaxel was an effective therapy in this setting. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2009
Mandibular osteotomies for access to select parapharyngeal space neoplasms
Authors: Kolokythas Antonia , Eisele David W. , El‐Sayed Ivan , Schmidt Brian L. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractBackgroundTumors involving the parapharyngeal space present a challenge of surgical access.MethodsWe reviewed all parapharyngeal space tumors resected at the University of California, San Francisco, between 2003 and 2006 and identified 14 patients who had a mandibular osteotomy to enhance surgical access to the parapharyngeal space.ResultsThe surgical approach for the 14 patients who had a mandibulotomy was accomplished via either 1 or 2 mandibular osteotomies. A single paramedian osteotomy between the canine and the first premolar was used in 4 cases, whereas a combination of a horizontal osteotomy above the lingula and a paramedian osteotomy between the canine and first premolar was employed in 8 cases. A lingual dental splint and rigid fixation were used to achieve mandibular stabilization and fixation.ConclusionWe found that the single and double mandibular osteotomies provided excellent surgical access allowing for total tumor removal with few sequelae. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2009
In vivo investigation of CD133 as a putative marker of cancer stem cells in Hep‐2 cell line
Authors: Wei Xu Dong , Zhou Liang , Cheng Lei , Tian Jie , Jiang Jack J. , MacCallum Julia 
Published: October 2008

AbstractBackgroundMounting evidence suggests that most tumors consist of a heterogeneous population of cells with a subset population that has the exclusive tumorigenic ability. They are called cancer stem cells (CSCs). CSCs can self‐renew to generate additional CSCs and also differentiate to generate phenotypically diverse cancer cells with limited proliferative potential. They have been identified in a variety of tumors. In this study, we identify the marker of CSCs in the established human laryngeal tumor Hep‐2 cell line in vivo. Our in vitro experiment shown as CD133, a 5‐transmembrane glycoprotein expressed in Hep‐2 cell line. CD133 was supposed as a candidate of CSC in laryngeal carcinoma. In this study, the expression of CD133 was detected in a Hep‐2 cell line. Applying the magnetic cell sorting (MACS) technology, we reported the results of purifying CD133 positive cells from a Hep‐2 cell line. Three‐type cells' tumor‐forming ability was examined in vivo to identify the marker of CSCs in Hep‐2 cell line.MethodsCD133 was selected as a putative marker of CSC in laryngeal carcinoma, Hep‐2 cell lines. Flow cytometry was used to detect the expression of CD133 in the Hep‐2 cell line. Immunomagnetic beads were applied to purify CD133‐positive cells. CD133(+), CD133(−) tumor cells, and unsorted Hep‐2 cells were injected into severe combined immune deficiency (SCID) mice individually to observe tumor‐forming ability.ResultsOnly a small proportion (3.15% ± 0.83%) of cells in the Hep‐2 cell line express the CD133 marker. In comparison with CD133(−) tumor cells and unsorted cells, CD133(+) cells possess a marked capacity for tumor formation in vivo (p <.05).ConclusionCD133 is 1 of the markers for CSCs in human laryngeal tumors of the Hep‐2 cell line. Work on the characterization of these cells provides a powerful tool to investigate the tumorigenic process in the larynx and to develop therapies targeting the CSC. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2009
Incidence and risk factors of bisphosphonate‐associated osteonecrosis of the jaws
Authors: Stumpe Matthew R. , Chandra Rakesh K. , Yunus Furhan , Samant Sandeep 
Published: October 2008

AbstractBackgroundIntravenous bisphosphonate therapy has been used for treatment of benign and malignant bone diseases and has been linked to osteonecrosis of the jaws.MethodsRecords of 638 patients treated with intravenous bisphosphonates were reviewed. Drug used, number of infusions, dosing interval, dosage, duration, and occasion of osteonecrosis, diagnosed by history and physical examination, were analyzed.ResultsThe overall incidence of osteonecrosis was 0.94% (6/638). No significant relationship was observed between the incidence of osteonecrosis and demographic parameters, primary tumor, cumulative drug dose, or dosing interval. However, patients who developed osteonecrosis had a significantly greater mean number of infusions (p = .016) and significantly greater mean hours of infusion time (p = .0036).ConclusionsThe findings suggest positive correlation between the development of osteonecrosis and drug exposure as measured by number of infusions and total infusion hours. However, the relatively low incidence of osteonecrosis precluded definition of a direct dose–response relationship. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2009
Prospective study of early detection of pharyngeal superficial carcinoma with the narrowband imaging laryngoscope
Authors: Ugumori Toru , Muto Manabu , Hayashi Ryuichi , Hayashi Tomomasa , Kishimoto Seiji 
Published: October 2008

AbstractBackgroundThe newly developed narrowband imaging (NBI) gastrointestinal endoscope makes possible the detection of superficial carcinoma in the oropharynx and hypopharynx, which is difficult with the conventional laryngoscope. Here, we investigated whether the combined use of laryngoscope with NBI allows the detection of superficial carcinoma in this region.MethodsA total of 51 superficial, histologically confirmed lesions in 29 patients were studied. The quality of visualization of superficial carcinoma in the oropharynx and hypopharynx using the NBI‐equipped laryngoscope was evaluated in comparison with the results by conventional laryngoscopy.ResultsThe NBI laryngoscope provided better detection of the irregular microvascular pattern of carcinoma than the conventional laryngoscope (p <.05) and better visualization of the demarcation line (p <.05), and thus significantly better visualization of the lesions.ConclusionThe NBI laryngoscope may play an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of superficial carcinoma in the oropharynx and hypopharynx. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2009