bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Bacterial and fungal pathogens on

Currency notes in two selected sites in Osun State Nigeria
Authors: E.T Olaleye , T.Y Raheem 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Currency notes happens to be the most handled substance in the world as it is prove of value. Humans unavoidably come into contact with cash in their daily business activities, on the other hand microbes have shown to survive on paper currency notes for up to 3 days. This implies a pathogen in contact with currency notes can remain viable and cause infection in another person in contact with that same currency note within 72 hrs. However, the rate of exposure to pathogens via paper and polymer currencies has not been fully explored. Hence, this study was designed to reveal the prevalence of bacterial and fungal pathogens resulting from handling paper and polymer currency notes using a local and urban settlement in Nigeria as a case study. All Nigerian currencies recovered from these communities were sampled using an 8 x 7 factorial model. Fifty-six (56) samples were obtained from each communities. Results from this study showed that 67.9% of currency notes were contaminated with bacteria including; Klebisella spp., Staphylococcus spp, Pseudomonas spp., Escherichia coli, and Proteus mirabillis, while there were 39.3% fungal contamination (Apergillius and Candida spp). Furthermore, the paper currency notes (1000, 500, 200, 100) were mostly contaminated than the polymer notes (50, 20, 10, 5). These observed pathogenic contaminations were seen to be location dependent. The currencies from the rural community were more contaminated (76.8% bacteria, 53.6% fungal contamination) compared with those obtained from the urban settlement (58.9% bacteria, 26.8% fungal contamination). In addition, it was observed that the 100 naira notes are more contaminated compared with other denominations. In conclusion, this study revealed that one of the major route of pathogens exposure is via cash handling, and the rate of exposure in rural areas is higher than in the urban settlements. It also revealed that exposure via paper currencies is higher than polymer notes.
Exploring Substance Use Patterns Among Homeless High School Adolescents in Georgia: A Youth Risk Behavior Survey Analysis
Authors: Agboli Victor Ifechukwude 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background:
Adolescent substance use is a significant public health concern, with homeless high school students being particularly vulnerable. However, the relationship between homelessness and substance use among this population remains understudied.
Methods:
This study used data from the 2021 Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) to investigate substance use behaviors among high school students in Georgia. Substance use prevalence, and the association between homelessness and substance use were analyzed using weighted chi-square tests with Rao-Scott correction.
Results:
Among 604 surveyed high school students, 4.9% were homeless adolescents who exhibited notably higher substance use rates than housed peers. Homelessness showed moderate associations with current electronic vapor product use (Phi=0.1274), lifetime methamphetamine use (Phi=0.1155), and cigarettes (Phi=0.1204). Homeless adolescents reported significantly higher rates of current electronic vapor product use (36.9% vs. 15.2%), current cigarette smoking (10.4% vs. 2.0%), lifetime methamphetamine use (13.1% vs. 3.1%), and lifetime ecstasy use (11.0% vs. 3.8%). While not statistically significant, trends indicated elevated rates among homeless adolescents for cigar smoking, smokeless tobacco, lifetime prescription pain medication, and lifetime cocaine use.
Conclusion:
Our findings underscore the urgent need for comprehensive support services and targeted interventions to address substance use disparities among homeless adolescents. Long-term research is crucial to clarify the relationship between homelessness and substance use and mitigate adverse health outcomes.
The optical properties and direct radiative forcing potential of atmospheric aerosols in Northeastern Greenland
Authors: Thomas Daniel Charles , Beddows David , Pernov Jakob Boyd , Massling Andreas , Nøjgaard Jakob Klenø , Harrison Roy M. , Dall'Osto Manuel , Močnik Griša , Skov Henrik 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The radiative forcing effect of aerosols is an element of climate change that presently carries large uncertainties, especially in the Arctic region. It is particularly important to investigate this due to the severity of observed warming in the Arctic, which is over twice the global rate. This study aims to assess the direct radiative forcing potential of aerosols using measurements of particle number size distribution, optical properties and meteorological data, all of which are common and accessible measurements for Arctic sites. It introduces a measure of the Potential Direct Radiative Forcing (PDRF) which describes the interaction between aerosols and sunlight throughout the year, and is expressed as the irradiance of light scattered or absorbed by aerosols per unit path length that the sunlight travels. PDRF values are calculated for eight different aerosol types, differentiated using k-means clustering of the particle number size distribution spectra observed at Villum Research Station in North Greenland. It also accounts for the intensity of incoming solar radiation, which exhibits extreme seasonality in the Arctic. PDRF was found to peak in the late spring for both the scattering and absorption processes when the Arctic haze is still present in the atmosphere and the daily solar irradiance begins to sharply increase. Interestingly, PDRF was also found to be relatively high in summer, especially from scattering, owing to the intense sunlight. Mean yearly relative contributions to PDRF for scattering from the Biogenic, Anthropogenic, Mixed and Background cluster groups were found to be 20%, 38%, 31% and 11%, respectively. For absorption, the Biogenic, Anthropogenic, Mixed and Background groups contribute 16%, 56%, 19% and 9%, respectively. These results indicate that biogenic aerosols may have a considerable direct radiative impact, which may increase as Arctic sea ice melt results in increased emissions of marine aerosol precursors.
ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES DURING THE STATE OF MARTIAL
Authors: Tykhonova Daria S. 
Published: April 2024

The article examines the concept of centers for the provision of administrative services. The procedure for ensuring proper availability of administrative services and the formation of a network of centers for the provision of administrative services by creating territorial units and remote (including mobile) workplaces of administrators of centers for the provision of administrative services in settlements of territorial communities has been determined.It was noted that thanks to the effective reform of the decentralization of local self-government bodies and the granting of new powers, the Centers for the provision of administrative services, which previously functioned in district centers and large cities, began to appear in village and village councils, and the number of services provided by them increased.Attention was drawn to the fact that the main problems in the field of administrative services are the dependence of administrators of administrative service centers on state and local registers, as a result of which the most popular administrative services were not provided at the beginning of the full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation on the territory of Ukraine, namely: registration of place of residence, registration and Issuance of passport documents, affixing of photo cards to the passport of a citizen of Ukraine (model of 1994) when the citizen reaches the age of 25 and 45, registration of legal entities and sole proprietorships, registration of real estate, registration of driver's licenses and registration of vehicles, issuance of information from the State Land Cadastre.
At the same time, it should be noted that the Government quickly adopted changes to the normative legal acts that regulate the procedure for providing administrative services under martial law, namely: the introduction of the principle of extraterritoriality by entities providing administrative services, the reduction of the number of necessary documents for obtaining administrative services, the period of validity of identity documents (international passport of a citizen of Ukraine) has been extended for 5 years, a passport of a citizen of Ukraine without a timely pasted photo card and a driver's license, the validity of which expired during the martial law - remain valid, payments of social assistance from the state continue and are paid for a full moon without a human address.
Construction of water resource allocation model based on green supply chain theory
Authors: Lan Ying 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

With global environmental change and population growth, the problem of water resources management is becoming increasingly prominent. Based on the theory of green supply chain, this paper discusses the effective management and allocation strategy of water resources. Through detailed data acquisition and preprocessing, the accuracy and reliability of the study are ensured. Then, a comprehensive water resource allocation model is designed and implemented. Through many experiments and verification, the model shows good stability and accuracy. This study not only provides a new perspective and method for theoretical research but also provides a valuable reference for practical water resources management. However, there are also some limitations, which provide further thinking and expansion space for future research.
Establishing a river health evaluation index system for seven rivers in Jiamusi City of China
Authors: Shao Weiwei , Han Guang , Li Jiaqi , Yang Zhiyong , Liu Jiahong , Xu Tianyin 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

The Jiamusi section of the Songhua River is one of the first 17 model river construction sections in China. The implementation of river health assessments can determine the health dynamics of rivers and test the management's effectiveness. Targeting seven rivers, this study conducted river zoning and monitoring point deployment to conduct sufficient field research and monitoring. The authors selected hydrological and water resources, physical structure, water quality, aquatic life, social service functions, and management as guideline layers and 15 indicator layers. Subsequently, the authors established an evaluation index system to evaluate and analyze the ecological status and social service status of each river. The results showed that the Yindamu, Alingda, and Gejie rivers scored well as healthy rivers, with health evaluation scores of 78.98, 76.06, and 75.83, respectively. The Wangsanwu, Lujiagang, and Lingdangmai rivers are generally sub-healthy rivers with scores of 71.55, 67.97, and 60.7, respectively. The Yinggetu River has a score of 54.52 and is therefore assessed as unhealthy. Based on the scientific evaluation index method, this study analyses the current river health state in Jiamusi City to provide the basis for the evaluation of the river chief's work and future river management.
Schiff Bases: A Captivating Scaffold with Potential Anticonvulsant Activity
Authors: Sahu Rakesh , Shah Kamal 
Published: April 2024

Abstract::
One of the most important organic compounds, also known as a Schiff base, imine, or
azomethine, has been associated with several biological processes. The group is a component of
both natural or synthetic chemicals and functions as both a precursor and an intermediary in the synthesis
of therapeutically active substances. The review highlights the various non-metal Schiff bases'
structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies, general model, docking, and design approach for anticonvulsant
actions. Schiff bases serve as linkers in numerous synthetic compounds with a variety of
activities, according to the findings of several investigations. As a result, the current review will
give readers a thorough understanding of the key ideas put forth by different researchers regarding
the anticonvulsant properties of Schiff bases. It will serve as a valuable information source for those
planning to synthesize new anticonvulsant molecules that contain Schiff bases as pharmacophores
or biologically active moieties.
The HGF/Met Receptor Mediates Cytotoxic Effect of Bacterial Cyclodipeptides in Human Cervical Cancer Cells
Authors: Hernandez-Padilla Laura , Duran-Maldonado Mayra X. , Martinez-Alcantar Lorena , Rodriguez-Zavala Jose S. , Campos-Garcia Jesus 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Human cervix adenocarcinoma (CC) caused by papillomavirus is the
third most common cancer among female malignant tumors. Bioactive compounds such as cyclodipeptides
(CDPs) possess cytotoxic effects in human cervical cancer HeLa cells mainly by
blocking the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway and subsequently inducing gene expression by countless
transcription regulators. However, the upstream elements of signaling pathways have not been
well studied.

Methods:
To elucidate the cytotoxic and antiproliferative responses of the HeLa cell line to CDPs
by a transcriptomic analysis previously carried out, we identified by immunochemical analyses,
differential expression of genes related to the hepatocyte growth factor/mesenchymal-epithelial
transition factor (HGF/MET) receptors. Furthermore, molecular docking was carried out to evaluate
the interactions of CDPs with the EGF and MET substrate binding sites.

Results:
Immunochemical and molecular docking analyses suggest that the HGF/MET receptor
participation in CDPs cytotoxic effect was independent of the protein expression levels. However,
protein modulation of downstream Met-targets occurred due to the inhibition of phosphorylation
of the HGF/MET receptor. Results suggest that the antiproliferative and cytotoxicity of CDPs in
HeLa cells involve the HGF/MET receptor upstream of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway; assays with
the human breast cancer MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231cell lines supported the finding.

Conclusion:
Data provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms involved in CDPs cytotoxicity
and antiproliferative effects, suggesting that the signal transduction mechanism may be related
to the inhibition of the phosphorylation of the EGF/MET receptor at the level of substrate
binding site by an inhibition mechanism similar to that of Gefitinib and foretinib anti-neoplastic
drugs.
Effects of Vitamin D and E Supplementation on Prevention of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD) in Premature Neonates: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Farahbakhsh Nazanin , Sharma Deepak , Fatahi Somaye , Fathi Mobina , Vakili Kimia , Deravi Niloofar , Tutunchian Zohreh , Ahsan Elahe , Yaghoobpoor Shirin , Tabatabaii Seyed Ahmad 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD) has a multifactorial etiology. Vitamin
E and vitamin D play an important role in lung development and can potentially be beneficial
in the prevention of BPD.

Objective:
The study aimed to compare the risk of BPD occurrence in preterm neonates supplemented
with vitamin D or E versus those who did not get supplementation.

Methods:
The literature search was conducted for this systematic review by searching the
PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases up to December 2022. Randomized controlled
trials involved administering vitamin D or E to preterm neonates and examining the occurrence of
BPD. We excluded non-English articles, and articles with non-relevant and insufficient data. We
used the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) checklist to assess the quality of the included
studies. We used Egger’s test to evaluate the risk of bias among the included studies. Heterogeneity
was also assessed through Q-test and I2. We applied the random effect model for analysis.
A P-value less than 0.05 was considered as significant. All the statistical analysis in the current
study was performed using STATA 14. The Relative Risk (RR) was calculated as the effect size
with 95% Confidence Interval (CI).

Results:
Three eligible studies seeking the role of vitamin D in the prevention of BPD were analysed.
Meta-analysis revealed that receiving vitamin D supplementation can significantly reduce
the risk of BPD in preterm infants (RR = 0.357, 95% CI: 0.189-0.675, I2 = 0.0%; p = 0.002). Similarly,
for assessing the role of Vitamin E in the prevention of BPD, three eligible studies were analysed.
Vitamin E supplementation was not found to play a significant role in the reduction of BPD
(RR = 0.659, 95%CI = 0.243-1.786, I2 = 38.7%; p = 0.412).

Conclusion:
Vitamin D supplementation could be beneficial in preventing BPD in preterm infants.
However, evidence is not enough regarding vitamin E's role in reducing the incidence of
BPD in preterm infants.
Apnea of Prematurity as Manifestation of Immature Control of Breathing: A Mini-Review
Authors: Simone Foti Randazzese , Fabio Toscano , Federico Motta , Serena Costantino , Michela Leotta , Federica D’Amico , Federica Xerra , Giulia Cafarella , Maria Patané Eleonora 
Published: April 2024

:
Apnea of prematurity is a common developmental defect affecting newborns, linked to
the immaturity of systems involved in controlling breathing, particularly, central and peripheral
chemoreceptors. Its severity, as well as its clinical manifestations, is inversely associated with gestational
age. Symptoms of immature control of breathing progressively improve with age, with a
resolution around 34-36 weeks of gestational age or 40-44 weeks in infants born at younger gestations.
Prevalence seems to be higher in females and same-gender twins. The role of genetics was
investigated: polymorphisms in genes encoding for adenosine receptors were associated with a
higher risk of developing apnea of prematurity and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Continuous monitoring
of breathing patterns and vital signs is essential for the early detection of apnea episodes,
while respiratory polygraphy shows limited utility. It is essential to treat newborns with apnea or
other clinical manifestations of immature control of breathing to prevent the risk for long-term
morbidities, such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia or neurodevelopmental impairment. There is no
international consensus on the management of these premature infants. Nowadays, caffeine represents
the first line of pharmacological treatment in association with noninvasive ventilatory support
techniques. Furthermore, in the USA, doxapram is used in the case of refractory therapy with
caffeine. Among nonpharmacological strategies, transfusion, prone positioning, tactile and olfactory
stimulation, and kangaroo care were widely studied, but their efficacy is still unclear.
Omentin 1: A Promising Regulator and Therapeutic Target in the Battle against Obesity, Diabetes, and Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Kumar Kushawaha Shiv , Sharma Radhika , Singh Ashawat Mahendra 
Published: April 2024

Abstract:
Mechanistic investigations in both animal models and human subjects have consistently elucidated a causal relationship between obesity, diabetes, and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Alzheimer's disease is the predominant etiology of dementia, marked by progressive cerebral degeneration char-acterized by the formation of intracellular neurofibrillary tangles and extracellular amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques. Adipose tissue secretes bioactive signaling molecules known as adipokines. Interactions be-tween adipose tissue and the central nervous system serve as the foundational mechanism contrib-uting to the elevated susceptibility of individuals with obesity to the onset of neurologic disorders, including cognitive and mood-related disturbances. Omentin is a recently discovered adipokine that has gained attention for study because of its pleiotropic effects on several disorders. The specific receptor responsible for binding with Omentin remains unidentified thus far. This investigation elu-cidates the variability in Omentin levels observed in multiple pathological conditions. Therapeutic methods to raise omentin-1 levels may be helpful for the treatment or prevention of several illnesses. Increases in circulating omentin-1 levels can be achieved with weight loss, an olive oil-rich diet, aerobic exercise, atorvastatin therapy, and the use of diabetes medications. It is also possible to use circulating omentin-1 as a biomarker of obesity, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, atherosclerosis, is-chemic heart disease, inflammatory disease, cancer, and neurological diseases via AMP-activated protein kinase/Akt/nuclear factor-κB/mitogen-activated protein kinase (ERK, JNK, and p38) signal-ing. This review provides insights into the potential use of omentin-1 as a biomarker for Obesity, Diabetes, and associated metabolic and neurological disorders.
Stability Indicating Method Development and Validation for the
Estimation of Bempedoic Acid by RP-HPLC
Authors: Chaudhari Mansi V. , Chaudhari Ujwal , Sahu Jagdish K. , Bagade Shashikant B. 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Bempedoic acid (BEM) belongs to a category of drugs known as Adenosine triphosphate-citrate Lyase (ACL) inhibitors. It is a prodrug with intracellular activation that is administered orally. Bempedoic acid is used to treat existing atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases, mainly hypercholesterolemia.

Methods:
For the stability-indicating assay, the HPLC method was employed using a Kromasil 100-5-C8 column (100 mm × 4.6 mm), a UV detector set at 230 nm, and a mobile phase comprising a 70:30 v/v mixture of acetonitrile and 0.1% Orthophosphoric Acid (OPA) buffer. The method was operated at an ambient temperature with a flow rate of 1 mL/min. The method developed has been statistically validated according to ICH guidelines.

Results:
The stability-indicating method was executed using a Kromasil 100-5-C8 (100 mm × 4.6 mm) column at a 1.0 mL/min flow rate. A mixture of acetonitrile and 0.1% Ortho-phosphoric Acid (OPA) buffer in a 70:30 v/v ratio made up the mobile phase. BEM's retention times were discovered to be 1.88 minutes each. The temperature was kept at room temperature. 234 nm was the ideal wavelength for BEM. According to ICH criteria, the approach developed has undergone statistical validation. BEM's % RSD was discovered to be 0.6, respectively. For BEM, the % recovery was determined to be 100.0%. Regression models for bempedoic acid yielded LoD and LoQ values of 3.3 and 10.1 g/mL, respectively. The method showed good reproducibility and recovery with a % RSD less than 2. Studies on forced degradation confirmed the method's capacity to indicate stability in the presence of stress conditions, such as acid, basic, peroxide, UV, heat, and humidity. Both the retention times and the run time were shortened.

Conclusion:
In accordance with ICH Q2 (R1) guidelines, this method was successfully test-ed with HPLC to confirm the chemical structures of newly produced degradation products of bempedoic acid.