bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atorvastatin Administration after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease and Normal Lipid Profiles: Impact on Plasma Adiponectin Level
Authors: Chan Kuei‐Chuan , Chou Hsi‐Hsien , Huang Chien‐Ning , Chou Ming‐Chih 
Published: June 2008

AbstractBackgroundThere is controversy about the effects of statins on plasma adiponectin, and the impact of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) on plasma adiponectin level is still unknown. We investigated the impact of Atorvastatin on plasma adiponectin levels in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients with stable angina and normal lipid profiles after PCI.MethodsSixty CAD patients with stable angina and normal lipid profiles scheduled for PCI, and not on statins, were randomly assigned to either no treatment (control group) or the Atorvastatin treatment (Atorvastatin group). Atorvastatin administration was started immediately after PCI. Blood samples were obtained immediately after PCI and again 3 and 6 mo later. Fasting plasma adiponectin concentrations were measured using a radioimmunoassay kit.ResultsAfter PCI, there were statistically significant decreases in adiponectin levels in the Atorvastatin group at 3 and 6 mo (8.66 ± 0.69 versus 6.87 ± 0.55 and 7.12 ± 0.71 µg/mL at 0, 3, and 6 mo, respectively), despite the anti‐inflammation and lipid‐lowering effects of Atorvastatin. There were no statistically significant changes in adiponectin levels in the control group. There was significant positive association between baseline plasma adiponectin and high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) levels. Changes of adiponectin level were not associated with the changes of high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP) and lipid profiles in the Atorvastatin group.ConclusionsOur study confirmed the benefits of Atorvastatin on anti‐inflammation and anti‐atherosclerosis, but we also found that Atorvastatin had a negative effect on the adiponectin system. The anti‐inflammatory, anti‐atherogenic effects of Atorvastatin are not affected by decreased adiponectin levels. Copyright © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Left Ventricular Remodeling can be Predicted with Left Ventricular Volume Response During Dobutamine Echocardiography After Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Rim Se‐Joong , Ha Jong‐Won , Lee Moon‐Hyoung , Jang Yangsoo , Chung Namsik 
Published: June 2008

AbstractObjectivesThis study was performed to evaluate the significance of left ventricular (LV) volume response during dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) in the prediction of LV volume change during follow‐up (F/U) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).MethodsForty‐five patients with AMI (male 39, age 57±10 y, anterior myocardial infarction [MI] 29) underwent DSE 6±4 d after AMI. Revascularization of the infarct‐related artery was performed if severe stenosis was present. A F/U echocardiography was performed 7.5±3.4 mo after DSE. The LV end‐diastolic volume (EDV) and end‐systolic volume (ESV) using the modified Simpson's method were measured at baseline echocardiography, low‐dose (10 µg × kg−1 × min−1) DSE, and F/U echocardiography.ResultsPatients were divided into 2 groups; Group I (n = 21) with an abnormal response (<10% decrease) in LVEDV during low‐dose DSE; Group II (n = 24) with a normal response (≥10% decrease) in LVEDV during low‐dose DSE. At F/U echocardiography, the (%) change of LVEDV was significantly different between the 2 groups (−2.0±16.7 versus − 22.6±24.7%, p<0.01). Using multivariate analysis, the response of LVEDV (%) at low‐dose DSE was the only significant independent predictor of the change of LVEDV (%) during F/U (y = 0.85 x − 0.03, r = 0.63, p<0.001).ConclusionsThe response of LVEDV during DSE can be used as a predictor for the LV volume change after AMI. Copyright © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Assessment of QT Intervals and Prevalence of Short QT Syndrome in Japan
Authors: Funada Akira , Hayashi Kenshi , Ino Hidekazu , Fujino Noboru , Uchiyama Katsuharu , Sakata Kenji , Masuta Eiichi , Sakamoto Yuichiro , Tsubokawa Toshinari , Yamagishi Masakazu 
Published: June 2008

AbstractBackgroundLong QT syndrome causes ventricular tachyarrhythmias and sudden death. Recently, a short QT interval has also been shown to be associated with an increased risk of tachyarrhythmia and sudden death. However, the prevalence of short QT syndrome is not well‐known.HypothesisThe aim of this study was to assess the distribution of corrected QT intervals (QTc) and prevalence of short QT syndrome.MethodsThis study comprised 12,149 consecutive subjects who received a consultation at Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan, and had an electrocardiogram (ECG) between February 2003 and May 2004. Of these subjects, 1,165 subjects were excluded because of inappropriate ECGs, while the remaining 10,984 subjects had their last‐recorded ECGs analyzed.ResultsThe QTc values showed a nearly normal distribution (408 ± 25 msec1/2), and were significantly longer in females (412 ± 24 msec1/2) than in males (404 ± 25 msec1/2) (p < 0.05). Among 5,511 males, 69 subjects (1.25%) exhibited QTc < 354 msec1/2 (2 standard deviations [SDs] below the mean in males), and among 5,473 females, 89 subjects (1.63%) exhibited QTc < 364 msec1/2 (2 SDs below the mean in females). Only 3 subjects (0.03% in all subjects and 0.05% in males) exhibited QTc < 300 msec1/2, however, none had clinical symptoms of short QT syndrome.ConclusionsShort QT syndrome may be very rare. Copyright © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Relationship Between Glomerular Filtration Rate and Survival in Patients Treated with an Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator
Authors: Levy Ronni , DellaValle Andrea , Atav A. Serdar , ur Rehman Afazal , H. Sklar Allan , J. Stamato Nicolas 
Published: June 2008

AbstractObjectivesWe explored the association between renal insufficiency (RI) and mortality among patients treated with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD).BackgroundRandomized trials have shown improvements in survival among select patients treated with an ICD. Renal insufficiency patients have a high risk of cardiac death; however, it is not clear whether the ICD has a positive effect on survival in this group of patients.MethodsThis was a retrospective review of a single‐center experience of 346 patients treated with an ICD. Patients were stratified into 4 groups according to their glomerular filtration rate (eGFR; expressed as mL/min/ ‐1.73 m2) at implantation: group I, > 75.0; group II, − 60.0 to 74.9; group III, − 45.0 to 59.9; and group IV, − ≤ 45.0. All‐cause mortality was the primary end point, with differences in survival times among the 4 groups of patients expressed in Kaplan‐Meier curves.ResultsMean follow‐up was 3.5 y (range 0.1 to 12.9 y), during which 67 patients died (19%). Mortality in each eGFR group was: I − 6.8%, II − 13.8%, III − 11.5%, IV − 45.8% (p < 0.001). Survival times (mean, y) were I, 3.74; II, 3.66; III, 3.38, and IV, 2.82. The presence of diabetes was not a factor in the outcomes.ConclusionsPatients treated with an ICD with an eGFR of ≤ 45.0 mL/min/1.73 m2 have a significantly shorter survival time than those patients with an eGFR > 45.0 mL/min/1.73 m2. Patients with an eGFR > 45.0mL/min/1.73m2 appear to have equally good outcomes when treated with an ICD. This may have implications for patient selection for ICD therapy. Copyright © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Current and Future Status of Beta‐blockers in the Treatment of Hypertension
Authors: Chrysant Steven G. , Chrysant George S. , Dimas Billy 
Published: June 2008

AbstractBeta‐adrenergic receptor blockers (beta‐blockers) are effective and safe antihypertensive drugs, and have been recommended as first‐line therapy for hypertension by all Joint National Committees (JNCs) for the prevention, detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure (BP) from the first to the last (JNC‐7) in 2003. However, recently questions have been raised by several investigators regarding the antihypertensive effectiveness and safety of these drugs. The Medline literature on this subject was searched and pertinent studies were retrieved. Other pertinent references from existing publications were retrieved and analyzed up to 2007. Additionally, a historical perspective on the discovery of beta‐blockers and their mechanism of action is given. Most of the reviewed short‐term and long‐term clinical trials demonstrate an effective and safe antihypertensive pattern for the beta‐blockers. The weaknesses identified include the adverse effect of older beta‐blockers on glucose control and stroke protection, especially in older persons. These adverse effects are attributed to their mechanism of action and BP effectiveness. On the basis of the evidence presented, beta‐blockers are effective and safe antihypertensive drugs and should still be recommended as first‐line therapy in most uncomplicated hypertensive patients, either alone or in combination with other drugs. There are reservations regarding their administration to diabetic and older hypertensive patients. However, when compelling indications for their use exist, they should not be withheld. Copyright © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Implications of the Ezetimibe and Simvastatin in Hypercholesterolemia Enhances Atherosclerosis Regression Trial: A Return to First Principles
Authors: Musunuru Kiran , Blumenthal Roger S. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractTo outward appearances, the publication of the Ezetimibe and Simvastatin in Hypercholesterolemia Enhances Atherosclerosis Regression (ENHANCE) trial has led to a monolithic backlash against the use of ezetimibe by cardiologists for the treatment of hyperlipidemia. Rather than be swayed by popular opinion, we should each put the results of ENHANCE into context and ask the questions: should I put my trust in an imaging surrogate or in low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (LDL‐C), and how do the safety and efficacy of ezetimibe compare with other nonstatin lipid‐lowering agents? Copyright © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Structure‐Based Discovery and Experimental Verification of Novel AI‐2 Quorum Sensing Inhibitors against Vibrio harveyi
Authors: Li Minyong , Ni Nanting , Chou Han‐Ting , Lu Chung‐Dar , Tai Phang C. , Wang Binghe 
Published: June 2008

AbstractQuorum sensing has been implicated in the control of pathologically relevant bacterial behavior such as secretion of virulence factors, biofilm formation, sporulation, and swarming motility. The AI‐2 quorum sensing pathway is found in both Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria. Therefore, antagonizing AI‐2 quorum sensing is a possible approach to modifying bacterial behaviour. However, efforts in developing inhibitors of AI‐2‐mediated quorum sensing are especially lacking. High‐throughput virtual screening using the V. harveyi LuxP crystal structure identified two compounds that were found to antagonize AI‐2‐mediated quorum sensing in V. harveyi without cytotoxicity. The sulfone functionality of these inhibitors was identified as critical to their ability to mimic the natural ligand in their interactions with Arg 215 and Arg 310 of the active site.
Synthesis of Benzamides Related to Anacardic Acid and Their Histone Acetyltransferase (HAT) Inhibitory Activities
Authors: Souto José A. , Conte Mariarosaria , Álvarez Rosana , Nebbioso Angela , Carafa Vincenzo , Altucci Lucia , de Lera Angel R. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractA group of benzamides related to anacardic acid amide CTPB with alkyl chains of defined length were prepared by a five‐step sequence starting from 2,6‐dihydroxybenzoic acid, and their activities were compared with those reported for the HAT inhibitor anacardic acid (AA). The subset of 4‐cyano‐3‐trifluoromethylphenylbenzamides with shorter chains exhibited activities similar to that of AA, as they behaved as human p300 inhibitors, induced a decrease in histone acetylation levels in immortalized HEK cells, and counteracted the action of the HDAC inhibitor SAHA in MCF7 breast cancer cells. Moreover, an analogue with the shortest alkyl chain induced significant apoptosis at 50 μM in U937 leukemia cells.
Phenanthroline Derivatives with Improved Selectivity as DNA‐Targeting Anticancer or Antimicrobial Drugs
Authors: Roy Sudeshna , Hagen Katharine D. , Maheswari Palanisamy Uma , Lutz Martin , Spek Anthony L. , Reedijk Jan , van Wezel Gilles P. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractPhenanthroline derivatives are of interest due to their potential activity against cancer, and viral, bacterial, and fungal infections. In a search for highly specific antitumor and antibacterial compounds, we report the activities of 1,10‐phenanthroline‐5,6‐dione (phendione or L1), dipyrido[3,2‐a:2′,3′‐c]phenazine (dppz or L2), and their corresponding platinum complexes ([PtL1Cl2] and [PtL2Cl2]), and provide the solid‐state 3D structure for [PtL1Cl2]. It is generally known that a toxic metal ion coordinated to an active organic moiety leads to a synergistic effect; however, we report herein that the platinum complexes [PtL1Cl2] and [PtL2Cl2] have weaker activities relative to those of the free ligands, especially against bacteria. Testing these agents against a variety of human cancer cell lines revealed that L1 and [PtL1Cl2] were at least as active as cisplatin against several of the cell lines (including a cisplatin‐resistant cell line). The absence of antibacterial activity of [PtL1Cl2] removes the detrimental effect of phenanthrolines toward intestinal flora, suggesting a highly promising new strategy for the development of anticancer drugs with reduced side effects.
Influence of family history and preventive health behaviors on colorectal cancer screening in African Americans
Authors: Griffith Kathleen A. , McGuire Deborah B. , Royak‐Schaler Renee , Plowden Keith O. , Steinberger Eileen K. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND.African Americans (AAs) have low rates of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. To the authors' knowledge, factors that influence their participation, especially individuals with a family history of CRC (“family history”), are not well understood.METHODS.A secondary analysis of the 2002 Maryland Cancer Survey data examined predictors of risk‐appropriate, timely CRC screening (“screening”) in AAs with a family history and in individuals without a family history. Predictors that were evaluated included age, sex, family history, mammogram or prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) screening, body mass index, activity, fruit/vegetable consumption, alcohol, smoking, perceived risk of cancer, education, employment, insurance, access to a healthcare provider, and healthcare provider recommendation of fecal occult blood test (FOBT) and/or sigmoidoscopy/colonoscopy.RESULTS.In individuals without a family history of CRC (N = 492), recommendation for FOBT (odds ratio [OR] of 11.90; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 6.84–20.71) and sigmoidoscopy/colonscopy (OR of 7.06; 95% CI, 4.11–12.14), moderate/vigorous activity (OR of 1.74; 95% CI, 1.06–2.28), and PSA screening history (OR of 2.68; 95% CI, 1.01–7.81) were found to be predictive of screening. In individuals with a family history (N = 88), recommendation for sigmoidoscopy/colonscopy (OR of 24.3; 95%, CI 5.30–111.34) and vigorous activity (OR of 5.21; 95% CI, 1.09–24.88) were found to be predictive of screening. However, family history did not predict screening when the analysis was controlled for age, education, and insurance. AAs who had a family history were less likely to screen compared with their white counterparts (N = 293) and compared with AAs who were at average risk for CRC (P < .05).CONCLUSIONS.Regardless of family history, healthcare provider recommendation and activity level were important predictors of screening. Lower screening rates were observed in AAs who had a family history compared with individuals who did not. The authors believe that, for AAs who have a family history, further examination of barriers and facilitators to CRC screening within the cultural context is warranted. Cancer 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society.
Low‐dose, single‐agent temsirolimus for relapsed mantle cell lymphoma
Authors: Ansell Stephen M. , Inwards David J. , Rowland Kendrith M. , Flynn Patrick J. , Morton Roscoe F. , Moore Dennis F. , Kaufmann Scott H. , Ghobrial Irene , Kurtin Paul J. , Maurer Matthew , Allmer Christine , Witzig Thomas E. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND.The objective of this study was to test a low dose of (25 mg weekly) of the mammalian target of rapamycin kinase inhibitor temsirolimus for patients with relapsed mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).METHODS.Patients with relapsed or refractory MCL were eligible to receive temsirolimus 25 mg intravenously every week as a single agent. Patients who had a tumor response after 6 cycles were eligible to continue drug for a total of 12 cycles or 2 cycles after complete remission and then were observed without maintenance.RESULTS.Of 29 enrolled patients, 28 were evaluable for toxicity, and 27 were evaluable for efficacy. The median age was 69 years (range, 51–85 years), 86% of patients had stage IV disease, and 71% had ≥2 extranodal sites. Patients had received a median of 4 prior therapies (range, 1–9 prior therapies), and 50% were refractory to the last treatment. The overall confirmed response rate was 41% (11 of 27 patients; 90% confidence interval [CI], 22%–61%) with 1 complete response (3.7%) and 10 partial responses (37%). The median time to progression in all eligible patients was 6 months (95% CI, 3–11 months), and the median duration of response for the 11 responders was 6 months (range, 1–26 months). Hematologic toxicities were the most common, with 50% (14 of 28 patients) grade 3 and 4% (1 of 28 patients) grade 4 toxicities observed. Thrombocytopenia was the most frequent cause of dose reduction.CONCLUSIONS.Single‐agent temsirolimus at a dose of 25 mg weekly is an effective new agent for the treatment of MCL. The 25‐mg dose level retained the antitumor activity of the 250‐mg dose with less myelosuppression. Further studies of temsirolimus in combination with other active drugs for MCL and other lymphoid malignancies are warranted. Cancer 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society.
A review of the clinical relevance of mismatch‐repair deficiency in ovarian cancer
Authors: Pal Tuya , Permuth‐Wey Jenny , Sellers Thomas A. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractOvarian cancer ranks fifth in both cancer incidence and mortality among women in the United States. Defects in the mismatch‐repair (MMR) pathway that arise through genetic and/or epigenetic mechanisms may be important etiologically in a reasonable proportion of ovarian cancers. Genetic mechanisms of MMR dysfunction include germline and somatic mutations in the MMR proteins. Germline mutations cause hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC), which is the third most common cause of inherited ovarian cancer after BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations. An epigenetic mechanism known to cause inactivation of the MMR system is promoter hypermethylation of 1 of the MMR genes, mutL homolog 1 (MLH1). Various laboratory methods, in addition to clinical and histopathologic criteria, can be used to identify MMR‐deficient ovarian cancers. Such methods include microsatellite instability analysis, immunohistochemistry, MLH1 promoter hypermethylation testing, and germline mutation analysis. In this review, the authors describe the existing literature regarding the molecular, clinical, and histologic characteristics of MMR‐deficient ovarian cancers along with the possible effect on survival and treatment response. By further defining the profile of MMR‐deficient ovarian cancers and their associated etiologic mechanisms, there may be a greater potential to distinguish between those of hereditary and sporadic etiology. The ability to make such distinctions may be of diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic utility. Cancer 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society.
No significance of derivative chromosome 9 deletion on the clearance kinetics of BCR/ABL fusion transcripts, cytogenetic or molecular response, loss of response, or treatment failure to imatinib mesylate therapy for chronic myeloid leukemia
Authors: Kim Dong Hwan (Dennis) , Popradi Gizelle , Sriharsha Lakshmi , Kamel‐Reid Suzanne , Chang Hong , Messner Hans A. , Lipton Jeffrey H. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND.Although deletion of the derivative chromosome 9 (der 9; del‐der 9) carries a poor prognosis in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) who are treated with hydroxyurea or interferon, its significance in patients on imatinib mesylate (IM) therapy is debated.METHODS.In the current study, the authors used a locus‐specific indicator breakpoint cluster region/receptor tyrosine kinase (BCR/ABL) probe to evaluate the significance of del‐der 9 in 163 patients with CML who had fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) results available. Serial changes in BCR/ABL fusion transcript levels also were monitored by using messenger RNA (mRNA) quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR).RESULTS.Of 163 patients, 22 (13.5%) had del‐der 9 before commencing IM therapy. No differences were noted in the time to hematologic response (P = .598), major cytogenetic response (CyR) (P = .281), complete CyR (P = .883), major molecular response (MoR) (P = .125), or complete MoR (P = .834). In addition, the times to loss of response (LOR) (P = .974), treatment failure (P = .455; including primary hematologic or cytogenetic resistance and LOR), transformation‐free survival (P = .276), and dose escalation of IM (P = .816) did not differ significantly between patients with and without del‐der 9. The results of serial BCR/ABL mRNA quantitative PCR revealed similar patterns of BCR/ABL fusion gene reduction between the 2 groups.CONCLUSIONS.The presence of del‐der 9 in patients with CML did not influence 1) the response to IM therapy in terms of hematologic response, CyR, or MoR; 2) LOR; 3) treatment failure; 4) progression to accelerated phase/blast crisis; or 5) time to dose escalation of IM. Therefore, the authors concluded that the detection of del‐der 9 does not have an impact on the current management of patients with CML who are receiving IM therapy. Cancer 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society.