bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accident and Illness Trends Over a 15-Month Seismic Survey Period in Myanmar (Burma)
Authors: Dawson D. G. , O'Donnell Barry , Hursey Michael 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
Accident and illness trends have been analysed during Unocal's seismic operations in Myanmar. The seismic work was carried out in Unocal's prospect area in mid Myanmar west of the Irriwaddy river.
The seasonal weather in Myanmar follows three distinct patterns. This paper describes how these varying weather patterns influenced the illness and accident rates during the seismic operations and concludes with some of the lessons to be learnt.
Effort in Preventing Insecticides Intoxication on Malaria Fogging Operator, Irian Jaya, Indonesia
Authors: Buraena Sultan , Soebijakto Raden 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
Irian Jaya is the endemic location of malaria, therefore in the settlement areas including Base Camp Santa Fe Energy Resources Ltd. Kasim Marine Terminal, Sorong, Indonesia, there should be a prevention effort againts the malaria desease, inter alia i.e. by eradicating adult mosquitoes and their larvae. The insecticide utilized is the organophosphate type. This insecticide category can cause intoxication to human being. The depression of the cholinesterase plasm and/or red blood cells activities constitute the most obvious fact on the existence of excessive absorption of this type of insecticide category.
The cholinesterase activities in the serum at 9 fogging operator adult males examined in August 1989, 3 person (33%) among them indicated the existance of cholineterase activities depresion. These there people were given rest from work for 4 weeks. All fogging operators were then admitted in the Malaria Eradication Training, including the knowledge/skill enchancement in utilizing a safe insecticide.
The cholinesterase activities were examined again in October 1989 and May 1993 on these 9 people, with the result no longer indicating the existence of depression abnormalities of the cholineterase activities.
It is concluded that the effort to decrease contack with this insecticide by means of providing knowledge to the fogging operators on the safe utilization of insecticide can decrease or eliminate completely the intoxication of this insecticide.
It is recommended that continuous supervision be conducted to these fogging operators.
Operational and Environmental Safety With Nuclear LWD Tools
Authors: Aitken J. D. , Holenka J. M. , Torbett D. E. , Turner K. W. 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
After several decades of use, resistivity, formation density and neutron porosity measurements are considered fundamental to formation evaluation. In the last decade, logging-while-drilling (LWD) formation density and neutron porosity tools utilizing chemical radioactive sources have been added to resistivity, gamma ray, directional and other drilling parameter tools run as part of the bottomhole assembly (BHA) during drilling. These drill-collar mounted formation evaluation tools are now safely and reliably delivering high-quality data.
Field experience with one such tool, an LWD formation density-neutron porosity tool with wireline-retrievable logging sources, is discussed. The paper gives statistics that show the success in retrieving sources from LWD tools in stuck bottomhole assemblies. A number of operational safety techniques have been enhanced, resulting in a reliable and safe system. A new source retrieval and communications tool significantly enhances the tool's operational efficiency.
In the unlikely event that downhole conditions prevent retrieval of the chemical radioactive sources from the LWD tool, safe, well-established and accepted abandonment procedures are given.
Journey Management: A Structured Approach to Reducing Accidents
Authors: Ritchie R. D. , Greene Terry 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
In the past companies have addressed the problem of high Automobile Accident Rates (AAR) by focusing on Defensive Driving training and awareness. This approach has achieved limited success because emphasis was placed solely on the driving skills of the employee, allowing the actual cause of the automobile accident to go un-evaluated.
In addition, research has shown that for most vehicle fleets more than thirty percent of the running costs are the result of inefficiencies caused by incorrect choice of equipment, increased maintenance cost due to poor training and, finally, unnecessary trips due to poor supervision and planning.
The Journey Management Program has been introduced to look at the "big picture" of operating a fleet of vehicles safely and efficiently and was developed based on accident information collected in the field. The program builds on the existing Defensive Driving Training to cover all aspects of managing a fleet of vehicles. It consists of six modules and involves the entire work force from drivers up to management, as everyone has a responsibility to reduce automotive accidents.
This paper provides an in-depth study of the Journey Management Program and how its introduction into the Middle East area of operations resulted in reduction of the AAR along with considerable cost savings.
Radioactive Tracers in Oil and Gas Production: Practical Considerations in the 1990's
Authors: Abernathy S. E. , Woods S. E. , Taylor J. L. 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
Almost since the emergence of petroleum engineering as a distinct discipline, radioactive tracers have been used to study the in-situ placement and flow of various subsurface processes. Since very few techniques exist for determining the placement or flow of materials around wellbores, the use of tracers which emit gamma radiation capable of penetrating the casing and being detected by wireline conveyed instruments is an obvious and logical undertaking. Indeed, properly conducted radioactive tracer studies help provide a safe and cost-effective means of determining the location and placement of many types of treatments and procedures frequently performed on wells.
Radioactive tracers have been used to study nearly all aspects of drilling, completion, and production/injection in the petroleum, geothermal, and underground injection profiling. Moreover, advancements in handling and injection techniques have improved not only the tracer log interpretations, but the safety and environmental aspects as well.
A successful radioactive tracer study requires careful coordination and cooperation among all of the involved parties: tracer contractor, pumping service operator, wireline contractor, and well operator. This paper will discuss the methodology required to conduct reliable downhole tracer studies. Special attention will be devoted to the chemistry and mechanics of the tracer materials and their suitability to the various applications involved. Also, the techniques required to transport and inject these materials in the field without contaminating the associated pumping equipment and tubulars will be cited. Additionally, the logging instruments and techniques required for accurate in-situ detection will be discussed. Finally, the environmental considerations and recommended procedures for returning a well to normal operation after a tracer study will be covered.
Welding Hot Work Habitats
Authors: Browning I. G. 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
The 14 well Maui A (MPA) production platform supplies some 90% of New Zealand's gas and consequently any shut down is limited to only 10 hours by virtue of line pack. In 1990 further field development called for the installation of the Maui B platform producing through a multiphase pipeline to separation facilities on MPA.
It therefore became necessary to carry out widespread process modifications to MPA whilst simultaneously maintaining continuous production. Work scope included:
– diver assisted installation of pipeline riser and clamps, – fabrication of a new deck to support pipeline ESD valves and pig receiver, – removal of one of twelve LT separators and replacement by 2×70 tonne separators after floor strengthening, – extensive tie in of flowlines, blowdown piping, instrumentation and electrical cabling.
The above required extensive welding on both the structure and piping throughout the platform's process modules which could not be progressed without isolation from a possible gas leak.
To achieve the required isolation, "habitats" were fabricated from fibre board and lined internally with fire resistant material and blankets to fully enclose and seal the "hot work" area. Habitats were constructed in a variety of shapes and sizes to custom fit or enclose a specific work front. Control of the work was maintained under the Permit to Work system and simultaneous operating procedure.
Throughout the 18 months construction period, MPA never once went off-line for longer than 10 hours with modifications being completed on time and within budget. The paper will expand on habitat construction and the safety systems supporting their deployment.
HAZOP of Procedural Operations
Authors: Willis David , Deegan Frank , Owens M. J. 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
The HAZard and OPerability technique has been used for many years as a formal means for the review of chemical process designs, specifically from the standpoint of safety and operability. In addition to application of the technique to hardware systems, such as chemical process systems, the technique has been developed to address the same issues in systems which combine software and hardware, such as the drilling of oil and gas wells. The Drillers HAZOP technique has been used to review the drilling process where multidisciplinary teams of men work with high specification equipment to get or enhance the production of oil and gas from subterranean reservoirs while working to procedures.
This paper describes the further development of the technique, to incorporate more recent ideas for the identification of hazards and human factors to better assess the contribution made by the operator to the hazard as well as his potential for hazard mitigation. Development of the technique has been based upon the use of theoretical concepts which have been validated through use on commercial projects. The potential applications of the technique to procedural activities are enumerated to allow the reader to assess the relevance of the technique to his own environment. Further, development of the technique by integration with planning and improvement of the means of hazard identification are discussed.
Guidance for a Structured Approach of Risk Assessment in Offshore Developments
Authors: Chamoux Patrick 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
Risk Assessment is an important constituent in the development process of an offshore installation. To be safety, cost and schedule effective, its integration requires that the relevant measures should be taken, in a structured way, at the appropriate stages of a development project. This paper offers a presentation of the approach being recommended within Elf Aquitaine Production together with its practical implementation.
Hazard Analysis for the Amoco Netherlands P/15-P/18 Production Facilities in the North Sea
Authors: Engelhard W. F. J. M. , de Klepper F. H. , Hartmann D. W. 
Published: December 2007

Introduction
This paper outlines the set-up and methodology of the Hazard Analysis, part of the Safety Case, for the Amoco Netherlands P/15-P/18 gas development. The Hazard Analysis was performed as a joint effort of TNO and Stork Protech. TNO is an independent technical research and consulting organisation with specialised knowledge in the field of safety technology.
Stork Protech is an engineering contractor, active among other in the field of offshore installations. TNO and Stork Protech joined forces in performing safety studies for the offshore oil and gas industry.
Safety Cases for new and existing offshore installations are now required by the Dutch Authorities.
Water-Fog Firefighting System
Authors: Gjestrum Einar , Sundholm Gøran 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
High Pressure water fog fire fighting systems are now-developed and approved for use in ships machinery spaces. Relatively small amount of fresh water are stored under high pressure in energy power units, and when activated, distributed by a large number of spray heads. In these heads the water is made into small droplets and propelled at high momentum into the whole machinery space. The fire is efficiently extinguished by a High Pressure Water Fog fire fighting system harmless to men and environment.
Caring for the Human Side: Developing a Critical Incident Debriefing (CID) Response Plan in a Midsize International Oil and Gas Company
Authors: Johnson R. B. , Hansen H. R. 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
Most companies prepare to protect and restore physical assets when a traumatic disaster occurs, but neglect to consider the "human side" — the short term and long term effects on the survivors. The costs of ignoring are large and the benefits of developing a C.I.D. (Critical Incident Debriefing) response are clear. The company EAP (Employee Assistance Program) may be best positioned to develop and deliver this response.
Preliminary Study on Alertness in Wireline and Testing Operations
Authors: Wertz Rick , Bartz S. M. , Stampi Claudio , Sirois W. G. 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
The objective of this paper is to quantify the alertness issue associated with working the irregular hours inherent to the wireline logging and well testing operations of the oilfield service industry.
It is widely recognized that oilfield service operations benefit from a well-rested and alert crew. However, operations can involve long, irregular work schedules, unplanned events, long periods of relatively low activity, sleep disturbances and/or circadian disruption. This can result in a fatigued crew working at a dangerously low alertness level. A simple response is to go to shift work and/or limit the number of hours worked in a given period. However, advancements in the scientific research on human biological clocks do not necessarily condone this methodology.
To understand alertness in the oilfield services industry, a questionnaire was developed to provide a qualitative reference identifying employee perception of the issues affecting alertness. The questionnaire is initially used to provide baseline data and finally to monitor progress/change. Actigraph measurements provide quantitative support data with actual measurement of the sleep/rest activity of crews over a period of time. The data provide the necessary correlation to the circadian rhythm and "sleep bank" status.
Preliminary results indicate that the circadian rhythm plays the primary role in alertness. The ideal solution is to eliminate the dangerous activities during definite low alertness periods in the circadian rhythm. The realistic solution is to understand means to impact the alertness level of the individual and implement strategies to maintain the level required for the operation. Understanding the recent advances in scientific research on the human biological clock and introducing effective management of the "switches of human alertness" will lead to maximization of alertness on the job.
Cultural change will result as the knowledge on the effects of irregular work hours and effective napping strategies evolves.
The Role of Oil and Gas Manpower Development Centre in Health, Safety, and Environment Training Activities
Authors: Fathoni Ahmad Zuhdan 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
Oil and Gas Manpower Development Centre (PPT MIGAS) is a government institution responsible for carrying out education and training programs for Indonesian employees working in oil and gas industries as well for other personnel overseas and developing countries.
On its activities, PPT Migas has been implementing Oil and Natural Gas Academy (AKAMIGAS) and miscellaneous courses from various disciplines: upstream-downstream including oil and gas exploration and production, processing, technical construction and maintenance, administration, and management topics since 1967.
The centre plays very important roles in developing knowledge, skill, and attitude needed for the employees in general and especially in Health, Safety, and Environmental (HSE) issues in order to maintain safety awareness in the oil and gas industries.
These roles are implemented on the programs and the course curricula which will be analysed and described in detail on this conference presentation.
Helicopters or Boats - Risk Management Options for Transport Offshore
Authors: Spouge JR , Smith EJ , Lewis KJ 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
The journey to and from offshore installations provides an important source of risk of accidental death for offshore workers. An appropriate transport policy is therefore a key element of effective risk management. This paper describes how quantitative risk assessment (QRA) may be used to guide this policy.
The paper identifies the contribution which transport makes to the total risk picture offshore, using accident experience and example risk analyses from the North Sea and South East Asia. Statistics on the risks of transport by helicopter, fixed-wing aircraft, boat, coach and car are presented.
Developing a comprehensive personnel transport policy involves comparing options such as:
Transport by different modes (i.e. helicopter or crew boat) Different crew change intervals (i.e. daily, weekly, monthly) Transport from different onshore locations (i.e. using road or fixed-wing aircraft to move personnel to a heliport nearer to the offshore installations)
As an example of such an analysis, the paper describes a QRA by DNV Technica for Brunei Shell Petroleum (BSP), which operates over 200 offshore platforms in the South China Sea. The risks were compared for various combinations of transport and offshore accommodation, and the effects of uncertainties in the data were explored. The study illustrated how relatively simple QRA techniques can provide valuable insight for companies undertaking major and potentially costly decisions.
Some Recent Global Trends in the Regulatory Control of Major Hazards in the Oil and Gas Exploration and Production Industries
Authors: Jones Dave , Donegani Andrew 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
This paper highlights some recent global trends in regulatory development with respect to the control of major hazards from both a safety and an environmental perspective in particular those trends illustrating performance-orientated or goal- setting regimes are discussed. The aim of the paper is to focus on some of the common regulatory requirements and the use of hazard/risk assessment, safety management systems and emergency planning techniques to ensure compliance. The emphasis is on the use of pragmatic, experience-based methods. The impact of this new legislation on business is discussed, and potential spin-off benefits are identified. New regulation currently under development is also considered, and a view of potential future regulatory direction is presented.
The Management of Safety Using a Systems Approach
Authors: Whittingham R. B. , Wallace I. G. 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
The underlying basis of the approach described in this paper is that any operation or project can be characterised by means of a discrete set of essential activities which need to be implemented for the objectives of the whole operation to be met. A sub-set of activities within this total set are safety related activities. It is the way in which they are managed which ultimately determines the safety of the operation. The approach was developed from a study of recent major accidents which clearly attributed the root cause of most of these accidents to deficiencies in the management of safety critical activities i.e activities which, if not carried out, or if carried out incorrectly, could result in an accident.
Implementing Operations Integrity Management System (OIMS)
Authors: Jones J. E. , Ariffin A. B. 
Published: December 2007

ABSTRACT
In 1992, Exxon affiliates throughout the world began implementing an expanded, formal safety management system known as Operations Integrity Management System, or OIMS. This paper will present a summary of OIMS elements, as well as the approach Esso Production Malaysia, Inc. (EPMI) has taken to implement OIMS and further improve its existing successful safety programs to realize the additional benefits associated with OIMS.
Development of Integrated Safety, Environmental, and Quality Management Systems for the Oil and Gas Industries
Authors: Alderman J. A. , Donegani Andrew 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
The oil and gas industry worldwide face a host of safety, environmental, and quality (SE&Q) requirements, driven by regulation, company, and industry standards. Their ability to demonstrate good management practices in these areas is significant beyond the obvious, efficient operation of their facilities, extending to impacting decisions on location of plant sites and gaining external capital funding. Hence, for many different reasons, developing SE&Q management systems has become a high priority throughout the industry.
Experience shows, however, that demonstrating adherence with wide-ranging requirements is a significant undertaking, and efforts to achieve this are often misdirected. Many have considered their SE&Q systems as effectively three separate entities, with few interconnections. Difficulties arise from this approach--the numerous audits and noncompliance corrections required in each field can become an intolerable burden, as can resolving apparent conflicts between standards. As a result, compliance can become an empty exercise, with little benefit to the organization, while valuable resources are underutilized for productive work.
So how does an organization address this "multistandard" issue without overwhelming the operation? The key is to apply common sense. There is only one management system operating within an organization, not three, and the operations should actually be carried out on a daily basis in this manner. Therefore, the solution is based on an integrated approach that incorporates SE&Q requirements within a single, unified management system. A methodology for achieving this will be described, the key features being:
Integration of the requirements of standards/regulations into one audit package; Assessment of the actual management practices against this package, through interviewing and observing; and Development/implementation of resulting changes on a structural basis.
Diagnosis and Target Setting in Drilling and Engineering Operations Using Tripod-DELTA
Authors: Hudson P. T. W. , Primrose M. J. , Cranmore Robert 
Published: December 2007

SUMMARY
Tripod-DELTA provides a way of identifying latent failures, potential causes of accidents. This paper reports on how Tripod-DELTA was used in two E & P operational settings, Engineering and Drilling, to diagnose underlying problems and set up systems to implement remedial actions. Implications for further implementation, with structured diagnosis and remediation, arc discussed.
First-Line Supervisors in the Offshore Oil Industry
Authors: McGoldrick D. A. 
Published: December 2007

ABSTRACT
A survey of offshore first line supervisors on the UKCS installations identified the significance of their role in terms of performance, job satisfaction and safety. Many respondents felt that the offshore environment changed supervisory style and work discipline, and some felt that the general work regime was affected. More than half of the respondents felt that the combination of working, socialising and living with their shift could influence supervisory decisions.