bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How would you describe a mentally healthy college student based on Chinese culture? A qualitative research from the perspective of college students
Authors: Guo Mingjia , Jia Xiaoming , Wang Wenqian 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Promoting college students’ mental health remains a significant concern, necessitating a clear understanding of what constitutes good mental health. Variations in the conceptualizations of mental health across cultures, typically derived from academic and authoritative perspectives, have overlooked insights from laypeople. This study aims to investigate the characteristics of mentally healthy college students within Chinese cultural contexts, emphasizing perspectives provided by college students themselves.

Methods
Undergraduates with self-reported mental health scores ≥ 7 were randomly selected for in-depth interviews. The sample (N = 17, 59% female) had a mean age of 20.82 ± 1.33 years and represented diverse regions, backgrounds, and academic fields. Thematic analysis was used in the analysis of the qualitative data, involving initial coding to identify 168 manifestations of mental health among college students, followed by categorizing them into 18 characteristics through focused coding. These characteristics were then organized into five themes via core coding. The Delphi method was utilized to validate the themes with 3 experts, ensuring the trustworthiness of the final findings.

Results
Eighteen characteristics of mentally healthy college students emerged from the interviews, categorized into 5 themes: (1)Value Pursuit (i.e. Having a sense of responsibility and mission and being willing to dedicate oneself to the country at any time.); (2)Life Attitude (i.e. Staying positive and having the ability and quality to cope with hardships.); (3)Interpersonal Ideals (i.e., Showing filial respect to parents appropriately.); (4)Behavior Ability(i.e., Studying diligently and learning well.); and (5)Self-cultivation (i.e., Possessing good qualities advocated by Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism coexist harmoniously.). Most of these characteristics directly reflect traditional Chinese culture or culture that has changed with the times. At the same time, some are a reflection of modern Chinese new culture.

Conclusions
On the whole, the characteristics of mentally healthy college students are diverse and with rich connotations, focusing on the individual’s relationship with the country, family, and others, and are good expressions of Chinese cultural features, such as the balance of Yin and Yang, the coexistence of Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism, and highlight moral attributes. In essence, these traits hold profound importance in advancing the mental health of Chinese college students.
Towards a better psychological satisfaction: developing a mixed multi-criteria evaluation system to urban ‘Not in my back yard’ facilities siting
Authors: Cao Kang , Gao Xing , Zheng Wei , Zhai Keyu , Zheng Jiacheng 
Published: April 2024

Abstract‘Not in My Back Yard (NIMBY)’ facilities are psychologically sensitive to urban and regional development. Multi-criteria evaluation (MCE) method has been widely used for the decision-making of optimum siting of urban NIMBY facilities which aim to improve residents’ psychological satisfaction. However, the evaluation of qualitative criteria in siting analysis remains under researched, such as the insufficient focus on urban and regional spatial development, social public opinion, and psychological factors. Thus, the effective improvement of MCE method through an interdisciplinary view can optimise the decision process and advance the factor assessment system of siting, which helps to supplement qualitative criteria evaluation. The specific improvement steps are as follows. The first step is to introduce the mixed MCE method to improve the qualitative criteria evaluation method by pre-processing qualitative criteria with min–max standardisation and normalization. This process transfers all negative factors to positive ones and transforms the F function to linear functions. The second step is to optimise the existing two-phase siting decision-making including the feasibility evaluation phase and the MCE phase. The third step is to propose a modular criteria system composed of urban and regional spatial planning, social psychological factors and the corresponding improvement strategy of this system from three perspectives of composition, measure, and weight. We argue that the improved method could be broadly applied to optimum siting decision of urban NIMBY facilities and enhance the psychological satisfaction of residents.
A new era of current and future treatment applications of transcranial magnetic stimulation
Authors: Afifi Shrief Y. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) equipment has advanced dramatically over the years thanks to considerable advancements in signal motors, coils, placement devices, and modeling, optimization, and treatment scheduling programs. In this review, a primary assessment of the impact of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) on seizure course in people with and without epilepsy has been done through search in the Embase, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Other proposed roles of TMS in various studies has been reported. The features of TMS protocols for several potential disorders was assessed and the key TMS findings has been documented starting from 1985 until 2023.

Results
More than 500 papers were found that describe various research populations, TMS techniques, and TMS functions in 16 various medical conditions.

Conclusion
After reviewing recent updates in TMS, further researches are needed to improve the technical part of the used TMS protocols and to have definitive results not experimental one with regard to TMS usage in various psychiatric and neurological disorders.
Comorbidity of depression and anxiety with obstructive sleep apnea in a sample of Egyptian patients
Authors: Latif Sherif A. Abdel , Hassan Haidy , Ibrahim Omneya , Fotouh Aya E. Abou El , Mohamed Marwa Orabi , Tantawy Ashraf M. El 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Over the past 2 decades, sleep researchers have made significant advances in understanding sleep disorders including obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). OSA commonly coexists with psychiatric disorders encompassing mental health issues like depression, anxiety, bipolar, schizophrenia an others. This study aims to assess the comorbidity of OSA with depression and anxiety disorders among Egyptian patients.
During the study, we conducted a cross-sectional study involving 92 adults diagnosed with OSA. Those patients were interviewed using a checklist to gather information regarding their chief complaints and other associated symptoms. The psychological status was assessed utilizing the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID I), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) scoring. The severity of the breathing disorder was classified as mild, moderate, or severe based on the respiratory disturbance index (RDI), which was confirmed through overnight polysomnography. Daytime sleepiness was assessed by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS).

Results
The sample of patients as a whole shows that witnessed apneas represent the highest percentage (70.7%), followed by fatigue (69.6%), then non-refreshing sleep (67.4%), and snores (63.0%). The least frequent presenting symptom is frequent naps.
The majority of OSA patients have a comorbid psychiatric disorder (65.0%). Among these, depressive disorders are the most prevalent (31.5%), followed by anxiety disorders (23.9%) and psychoses (6.5%). It is worth noting that 38% of OSA patients do not have any psychiatric disorders.
In terms of anxiety disorders, the most common subtype observed is OCD (8.7%), followed by GAD (6.5%), panic (5%), and PTSD (3.3%). As regards depressive disorders, the predominant subtype present is depressive disorder not otherwise specified (11.9%), followed by dysthymic disorder and major depressive disorder (8.7% for each), and then bipolar disorder (depression) at 2.2%.

Conclusions
We conclude the following:
1. OSA patients are likely to present with comorbid depression and/or anxiety disorder(s).
2. Fatigue was found to be the most prevalent presenting symptom in OSA patients with comorbid anxiety compared to those without anxiety.
Investigating the level of vitamin D receptor gene expression in two tumoral and healthy breast tissues in breast cancer patients and its association with prognostic factors
Authors: Bahador Maryam , Saeedi Nejad Marjan , Dabiri Shahriar , Larizadeh Mohammad Hasan , Soofiabadi Maryam Fekri 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers known among women. This study aimed to investigate the level of vitamin D receptor gene expression in two tumoral and healthy breast tissues in breast cancer patients and its association with prognostic factors.

Methods
This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 2022 on 50 patients with high suspicion of breast cancer who were candidates for mastectomy and lumpectomy in a learning hospital. From the patients, two tissue samples were prepared, and there was a total of 100 samples. The samples were subjected to H/E staining and evaluated by a pathologist. The presence or absence of malignancy in each sample was confirmed by two pathologists, and HER2/ER/PR indices were determined. Descriptive and analytical statistical methods and SPSS version 22 software were used.

Results
The average age of the patients was 51.60 ± 11.22 years old, and the average tumor size was 3.17 ± 1.28. Most tumors were grade 2 (48%). The expression of HER2, ER, and PR was positive in 24, 64, and 54%, respectively. The largest number of cases were in stage 2A. The expression level of vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene in healthy tissue (2.08 ± 1.01) was higher than tumoral tissue (0.25 ± 1.38) (P = 0.001). In tumoral and healthy tissue, VDR expression was not significant according to tumor grade, HER2, ER, PR, LVI, LN, disease stage, age, and tumor size.

Conclusions
The expression level of VDR in healthy tissue was significantly higher than tumoral tissue. However, there was no significant relationship between VDR and tumor grade, HER2, ER, PR, LVI, LN, disease stage, age, and tumor size.
Local and global changes in cell density induce reorganisation of 3D packing in a proliferating epithelium
Authors: Barone Vanessa , Tagua Antonio , Román Jesus Á. Andrés-San , Hamdoun Amro , Garrido-García Juan , Lyons Deirdre C. , Escudero Luis M. 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT
Tissue morphogenesis is intimately linked to the changes in shape and organisation of individual cells. In curved epithelia, cells can intercalate along their own apicobasal axes, adopting a shape named ‘scutoid’ that allows energy minimization in the tissue. Although several geometric and biophysical factors have been associated with this 3D reorganisation, the dynamic changes underlying scutoid formation in 3D epithelial packing remain poorly understood. Here, we use live imaging of the sea star embryo coupled with deep learning-based segmentation to dissect the relative contributions of cell density, tissue compaction and cell proliferation on epithelial architecture. We find that tissue compaction, which naturally occurs in the embryo, is necessary for the appearance of scutoids. Physical compression experiments identify cell density as the factor promoting scutoid formation at a global level. Finally, the comparison of the developing embryo with computational models indicates that the increase in the proportion of scutoids is directly associated with cell divisions. Our results suggest that apico-basal intercalations appearing immediately after mitosis may help accommodate the new cells within the tissue. We propose that proliferation in a compact epithelium induces 3D cell rearrangements during development.
Striatal parvalbumin interneurons are activated in a mouse model of cerebellar dystonia
Authors: Matsuda Taku , Morigaki Ryoma , Hayasawa Hiroaki , Koyama Hiroshi , Oda Teruo , Miyake Kazuhisa , Takagi Yasushi 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT
Dystonia is thought to arise from abnormalities in the motor loop of the basal ganglia; however, there is an ongoing debate regarding cerebellar involvement. We adopted an established cerebellar dystonia mouse model by injecting ouabain to examine the contribution of the cerebellum. Initially, we examined whether the entopeduncular nucleus (EPN), substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr), globus pallidus externus (GPe) and striatal neurons were activated in the model. Next, we examined whether administration of a dopamine D1 receptor agonist and dopamine D2 receptor antagonist or selective ablation of striatal parvalbumin (PV, encoded by Pvalb)-expressing interneurons could modulate the involuntary movements of the mice. The cerebellar dystonia mice had a higher number of cells positive for c-fos (encoded by Fos) in the EPN, SNr and GPe, as well as a higher positive ratio of c-fos in striatal PV interneurons, than those in control mice. Furthermore, systemic administration of combined D1 receptor agonist and D2 receptor antagonist and selective ablation of striatal PV interneurons relieved the involuntary movements of the mice. Abnormalities in the motor loop of the basal ganglia could be crucially involved in cerebellar dystonia, and modulating PV interneurons might provide a novel treatment strategy.
Reliability of Corticospinal and Motoneuronal Excitability Evaluation during Unfatiguing and Fatiguing Cycling Exercise
Authors: MIRA JOSÉ , BROWNSTEIN CALLUM G. , KENNOUCHE DJAHID , VARESCO GIORGIO , ROMA ENRICO , LAPOLE THOMAS , MILLET GUILLAUME Y. 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Central nervous system excitability depends on the task performed, muscle group solicited, and contraction type. However, little is known on corticospinal and motoneuronal excitability measured during locomotor exercise. This study aimed at determining the reliability of motor-evoked potentials (MEP) and thoracic motor-evoked potentials (TMEP) in dynamic mode during unfatiguing and fatiguing cycling exercise.

Methods
Twenty-two participants completed four visits. Visit 1 comprised familiarization and an incremental cycling test to determine maximal power output (W
max). The remaining visits encompassed unfatiguing evaluations, which included a total of eight brief bouts of moderate- (50% W
max) and high-intensity cycling (80% W
max), four at each intensity. In each bout, a set of two TMEPs, five MEPs, and one M-max were obtained. Subsequently, a fatiguing exercise to exhaustion at 80% W
max was performed, with four sets of measurements 3 min through the exercise and four additional sets at exhaustion, both measured at 50% W
max.

Results
Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) for 5, 10, 15, and 20 MEP·Mmax−1 revealed excellent reliability at both intensities and during cycling to exhaustion (ICC ≥0.92). TMEP·Mmax−1 showed ICCs ≥0.82 for moderate and high intensity, and it was not affected by fatigability. Overall standard error of measurement was 0.090 (0.083, 0.097) for MEP·Mmax−1 and 0.114 (0.105, 0.125) for TMEP·Mmax−1. A systematic bias associated with the number of stimulations, especially at high intensity, suggested that the evaluation itself may be influenced by fatigability. A mean reduction of 8% was detected in TMEP·Mmax−1 at exhaustion.

Conclusions
Motoneuronal and corticospinal excitability measured in dynamic mode presented good to excellent reliability in unfatiguing and fatiguing exercise. Further studies inducing greater fatigability must be conducted to assess the sensitivity of central nervous system excitability during cycling.
Technology-Enabled Agent Choice and Uptake of Social Assistance Programs: Evidence from India’s Food Security Program
Authors: Allu Rakesh , Ganesh Maya , Deo Sarang , Devalkar Sripad K. 
Published: April 2024

Problem definition: Beneficiaries of social assistance programs with transfers of undifferentiated commodities often have a designated agent to collect their entitlements from. This gives monopoly power to agents over beneficiaries. When coupled with weak government monitoring, agents do not have incentives to adhere to stipulated operating guidelines, leading to reduced uptake by beneficiaries. Some governments are attempting to break the monopoly by allowing beneficiaries to choose agents. However, the impact of choice on uptake may be limited by lack of alternate agents in beneficiaries’ vicinities, restricted ability of agents to compete with undifferentiated commodities, and collusion among agents. Methodology/results: Using a reverse difference-in-differences framework on data from a food security program in two neighboring states in India, Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, we find that providing agent choice results in a 6.6% increase in the quantity of entitlements collected by the beneficiary households. We also find that increase in uptake is about four times higher in regions with high agent density compared with those with low agent density. This emphasizes the importance of having an alternate agent in the vicinity for choice to be effective. Nearly all of the increase in uptake is attributable to new beneficiaries collecting entitlements from their preassigned agent. This is suggestive of agents improving adherence to operating guidelines in response to choice. We find associative evidence for this response in the number of days agents keep their shops open. Managerial implications: Governments executing in-kind transfers of undifferentiated commodities are piloting interventions to provide choice to their beneficiaries. Replacement of in-kind transfers with cash, an increasingly popular intervention, may be challenging in volatile markets, as the magnitude of the transfer needs to be periodically adjusted. Our results indicate that alternate designs of providing choice even in a limited form, that is, the place where the beneficiaries can collect their entitlements with products and prices fixed, can present a viable alternative. Funding: This research was partially supported by a grant from the Omidyar Network to the Digital Identity Research Initiative at the Indian School of Business. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2022.0528 .
Integrated psychological intervention programme for frontline healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. A qualitative study
Authors: Frigola-Capell Eva , Fabregas Laura , Juanola Marta , Soms Mercè , Hernández Marta , Grau Roser , Alarcón Noelia , Colomer Neus , Cid Jordi , Cuartero-Barbanoj Andrés , Garcia Jordi 
Published: April 2024

Introduction: The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic put at risk the resilience of healthcare professionals by exposing them to high levels of stress. Our aim was to identify key elements for implementing the STEP programme, a psychological support service for healthcare professionals.
Methods: qualitative design. The study participants were hospital healthcare staff. Anonymous questionnaires and transcriptions of group interventions and focus groups were used to identify professionals’ preferences to receiving psychological support, needs, concerns, resilience (STEP1.0); constrained emotions and associated thoughts (STEP1.5); perception of self-efficacy on managing emotions (STEP2.0); and the professionals’ profile requiring individual therapy.
Results: Three hundred professionals participated in the study, 100.0% in STEP 1.0 , 27.3% in STEP 1.5, 2.7% in STEP 2.0, and 10.0% in individual interventions. Two hundred and three (67.7%) participants reflected in the survey that they would prefer access to a face-to-face psychological service during working hours. Three consecutive phases with specific needs and concerns were identified: The “cognitive” phase, at the beginning of the pandemic, when infection and self-efficacy were major concerns, the “ventilation” phase, when constrained emotions associated with several factors were expressed; and the “recovery” phase, when the clinical overload decreased and professionals were able to focus on emotion management training. Several personal characteristics associated with referral to individual therapy were identified.
Conclusions: The key characteristics of a psychological support service are proximity, face-to-face interaction during working shifts, and a chronological phase system adapted to different emerging needs.
British Sign Language and its Role in Dentistry
Authors: Caga Daniel , Caga Danielle 
Published: April 2024

Hearing impairments affect up to 1.57 billion individuals globally, and 11 million people within the UK. Worldwide, 60% of hearing loss in children is due to preventable causes. Types of hearing loss vary in their aetiology and severity; however, all can negatively affect an individual's quality of life. The general health of those within the deaf population has been shown to be poorer than that of the general population, with under-diagnosis and under-treatment of chronic conditions putting individuals at risk of preventable ill-health. Deaf individuals experience greater problems in accessing healthcare, with a lack of British Sign Language (BSL), deafness awareness training and other communication aids being identified as barriers in such settings. With respect to dental health, deafness can result in poorer oral hygiene and greater dental caries. Communication issues faced at the dentist include being called from the waiting room, communicating with the dental team, mask wearing and background noise in the surgery. British Sign Language is a visual and spatial language, using movements of the hands, body, face and head. With its own grammar, syntax, idioms and regional variations, it is recognized as an official language in England, Wales and Scotland. This article provides a general background on hearing loss, its influence on general and dental health, an introduction to BSL, and hopes to encourage the general dental practitioner to seek further training in BSL. CPD/Clinical Relevance: To aid in effective communication with patients who have hearing loss, a knowledge of BSL would be helpful.