bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heparin elimination following continuous infusion during intra‐aortic balloon counterpulsation
Authors: Jacob Andrew S. , Steingart Richard H. , Schweger Marc J. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe decline of the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) following discontinuation of heparin infusion was measured in six intra‐aortic balloon pump (IABP) patients. The heparin infusion requirement was determined for eight other IABP patients during stable therapeutic anticoagulation. Following discontinuation of infusion, APTT declined with a relatively constant half‐life (t1/2 of 2.4 ± 0.08 hr, suggesting elimination by first‐order kinetics. In comparison, the t1/2 following single bolus doses has been shown to be markedly dose dependent, increasing from 30 min at low doses to 2 hr at very high doses. The heparin requirement for IABP patients was found to be 16 ± 2.5 U/kg/hr, similar to that reported for other clinical situations. The t1/2 of the APTT following discontinuation of heparin infusion can be used to time invasive procedures that would best be done with normal hemostasis.
Percutaneous balloon catheter angioplasty of coarctation of the abdominal aorta: Report of two cases
Authors: Schechter Charles , Angelini Paolo , Treistman Bernardo 
Published: March 2007

AbstractTwo patients with coarctation of the abdominal aorta are reported. They both underwent successful transluminal balloon angioplasty. The immediate and short‐term results have been excellent. This method and its role in the treatment of coarctation of the abdominal aorta are discussed.
Physiological nature of the internal mammary artery grafts
Authors: Singh Ram N. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA 4‐month postoperative anglographic study of an internal mammary artery (IMA) graft illustrates its capacity to regulate flow by changes in caliber in response to changes in coronary vascular resistance. This physiological adaptability may be one of the reasons for excellent long‐term results of in situ IMA grafts.
Dilated cardiomyopathy: Functional status, hemodynamics, arrhythmias, and prognosis
Authors: Costanzo‐Nordin Maria Rosa , O'Connell John B. , Engelmeier Richard S. , Moran John F. , Scanlon Patrick J. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe natural history of dilated cardiomyopathy is variable, and the prognosis difficult to predict. Several clinical and hemodynamic parameters have been proposed as prognostic indicators. Reports on the relationship between ventricular arrhythmias, degree of hemodynamic impairment, and sudden death are controversial. To define accurately the prognosis in dilated cardiomyopathy, 55 patients with this clinical syndrome underwent clinical evaluation, radionuclide ventriculography, echocardiography, 12‐lead electrocardiography, and 24 hr ambulatory monitoring, and the data thus obtained were evaluated based on predictive value. Over a follow‐up period of 14.1 ± 7.9 months, 11 patients (20%) died, all suddenly. Univariate analysis revealed that patients with more severe functional impairment (P = 0.0449), lower cardiac index (P = 0.0226), lower ejection fraction (P = 0.0426), and higher pulmonary artery wedge pressure (P = 0.0314) had greater mortality risk. Age, duration of symptoms, 12‐lead electrocardiographic abnormalities, and atrial arrhythmias were not predictive of higher mortality. The number of PVCs per hr, the occurrence of couplets, the degree of PVCs prematurity, and the presence, frequency, rate, and duration of ventricular tachycardia did not have prognostic significance. A stepwise discriminant analysis identified functional class, cardiac index, and presence or absence of multiform PVCs as the group of variables that together could more accurately predict outcome in our dilated cardiomyopathy patients. Using a formula derived from the results of this analysis, the outcomes of 36 of 49 patients (74%) was correctly predicted, with a specificity of 100% and a sensitivity of 70%.
Measurements of left‐to‐right intracardiac shunting in adults: Oximetric versus indicator dilution techniques
Authors: David Hillis L. , Winniford Michael D. , Jackson Jay A. , Firth Brian G. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractOf the various techniques that are available to assess the presence and magnitude of intracardiac shunting, oximetry and indicator dilution are used most frequently. This study was performed to compare these methods in adult patients with pure left to‐right intracardiac shunting. In 27 patients [12 men, 15 women, aged 32 ± 12 (mean ±SD) years], shunt magnitude was assessed in close temporal proximity by both techniques. The oximetric percentage left‐to‐right shunt averaged 55 ± 16%, whereas the indocyanine green dye percentage shunt was significantly less (36 ± 14%, p < 0.001). The oximetric percentage shunt exceeded the indocyanine green dye percentage shunt in 26 and did so by >20% in 23 patients. Thus, there is a substantial difference in shunt magnitude between the oximetric and the indicator dilution techniques. In infants, indicator dilution yields results that are larger than those obtained with the oximetric method. Conversely, in adults, the indicator dilution technique gives results that are consistently smaller than those obtained with oximetry. As a result, the decision regarding therapy of an intracardiac shunt should be made with this in mind.
Arteriovenous shunt measured by bolus dye dilution: Reproducibility and comparison between two injection sites
Authors: Rocha Paulo , Kahn Jean‐Claude , Dongradi Gérard , Baron Bernard , Fendler Jean‐Pierre 
Published: March 2007

AbstractTwenty‐eight brachial arteriovenous fistulae (AVF) flows were assessed by the Stewart and Hamilton method by bolus dye injection. These measurements were divided in two groups: a first group with dye injection into the AVF artery and a second group with dye injection into the efferent vessel of the AVF in close proximity. The increase and the decrease of dye concentration were regular and the circulation occurred very late in both groups. Reproducibility was assessed by the usual index: the mean of the differences between two successive measurements of each series related to the first of these two and expressed as a percentage, m(Qn ‐ Qn ‐ 1)/Qn%. In the two groups, the reproducibility index was at 10.1%, similar to the index applied to Grimby's results, measuring successive cardiac output by dye bolus injection at 9.8%. Theoretical criteria of validity of the Stewart and Hamilton method were checked for all measurements. Even when the duration of the measurement was very short, arteriovenous flow fulfilled the criteria of validity in the same way as cardiac output. Two AVF flows were measured successively at both injection sites with no difference between the obtained values. The same reproducibility of the efferent vessel injection site group suggests that an arterial puncture is not necessary for a correct assessment of AFV flow.
Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty of stenotic ductus arteriosus
Authors: De Lezo José Suárez , Lopez‐Rubio Fernando , Guzmán Juana , Galán Antonio , Herrera Norberto , Arizón Josá , Sancho Manuel , Pan Manuel , Franco Manuel , Fernández Raul , Zapatero Mercedes , Vallés Federico 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThis article describes our in vitro experience of balloon angioplasty of the ductus arteriosus (DA) in three post mortem human specimens, as well as an in vivo dilatation of a stenotic DA. The in vitro histologic observations revealed disruption of the intima and areas of pathologically fragmented and disorganized fibers at the media, with integrity of the ductal wall in all three DA. These findings led us to attempt percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) of a stenotic DA in a 2.3‐kg newborn infant with hypoplastic left heart syndrome in a very deteriorated clinical condition. A Rashkind septostomy was associated with PTA of the stenotic DA. Following this, the gradients across the DA and across the atrial septum disappeared and the ductal angiographic diameter increased. Although an improved clinical condition was observed during the following hours, he died 1 day after. At necropsy, we found integrity of the ductal wall with histological changes similar to that observed in vitro. We conclude that PTA of stenotic DA could represent an alternative for palliative treatment of DA‐dependent congenital heart disease.
Intra‐arterial monitoring during cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Authors: Pierpont Gordon L. , Kruse John A. , Nelson Donna Hamm 
Published: March 2007

AbstractBecause arterial cannulation assists in management of critically ill patients (pts), we assessed the utility of extending intra‐arterial monitoring to hospitalized patients suffering in‐hospital cardiopulmonary arrest outside of intensive care wards. A totally self‐contained, readily portable system for rapid insertion of emergency intra‐arterial lines was evaluated in 16 pts from 53 to 89 years old (mean = 66.5 years) undergoing cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Cannulation was successful in 14 pts (88% success rate). In 8 of 14 pts, cannulation was achieved rapidly and efficiently, whereas in six it was slightly delayed, once due to technical problems and five times due to difficulty cannulating the vessel. In addition to providing continuous pressure monitoring and ready access to arterial blood samples, direct feedback from the intra‐arterial pressure waveform frequently led to improved compression technique by the resuscitator performing external cardiac massage. We conclude that under selected circumstances emergency intra‐arterial monitoring has a potentially important adjuvant role during cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
Assessment of dimensions and image quality of coronary contrast catheters from cineangiograms
Authors: Reiber Johan H. C. , Kooijman Cornelis J. , Boer Ad Den , Serruys Patrick W. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractIn the quantitative assessment of coronary arterial dimensions from coronary cineangiograms, the contrast catheter is usually used as a scaling device, requiring the definition of the catheter contours by semi‐ or fully automated contour detection procedures. The image quality of the x‐ray radiated catheter is dependent on the catheter material, concentration of the contrast agent in the catheter, and kilovoltage of the x‐ray source. The effects of these variables on the image quality and accuracy of the size‐measurement of the filmed catheters were studied for four different catheter materials: woven dacron (wd), polyvinylchloride (pv), polyurethane (pu), and nylon. The following parameters were studied: measured size, image contrast, and average brightness gradient along the edges of the displayed catheters. The average differences of the angiographically measured size with the true size for the wd, pv, pu, and nylon catheters were +0.2, ‐ 3.2, ‐ 3.5, and + 9.8%, respectively. The image contrast at various fillings of the catheters was roughly identical for the wd, pv, and pu catheters, and significantly lower for the nylon catheter. Image gradient was highest for the wd catheter, followed by the pv and pu catheters, and lowest for the nylon catheter.From these data it may be concluded that the woven dacron catheter is most suitable for quantitative coronary angiographic studies. The polyvinylchloride and polyurethane catheters perform about equally well but slightly less than the woven dacron catheter. The nylon catheter should not be used for such quantitative studies.
Percutaneous brachial approach using the femoral artery sheath for left heart catheterization and selective coronary angiography
Authors: Maouad J. , Hebert J. L. , Fernandez F. , Gay J. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA percutaneous method via the brachial artery for left heart catheterization and selective coronary angiography is described. The technique uses the sheath intended for the femoral artery, continuously infused and introduced following a particular technique. The procedure was performed with minimal complications over 18 months, with multipurpose “Schoonmaker” or preshaped catheters, in all the patients (37) in whom the femoral approach was contraindicated or failed. When a catheterization must be performed from the arm, this method, without cutdown and arteriotomy and allowing a good distal flow during the procedure, appears to have some advantages over the classical Sones technique or the percutaneous arterial axillary approach.
Neurologic sequelae of cardiac catheterization
Authors: Weissman Barbara M. , Aram Dorothy M. , Levinsohn Morris W. , Ben‐Shachar Giora 
Published: March 2007

AbstractNeurologic complications are a known and at times tragic consequence of cardiac catheterization. During a four‐year period, 1,362 procedures were performed at our institution on children less than 15 years of age. Eighteen children, without prior nervous system disease, developed neurologic sequelae within 24 hours of cardiac catheterization (1.3%). Three presented with seizures only, ten with neurologic deficits, and five with both focal seizures and stroke. Computerized tomography scans (16 patients) demonstrated areas of nonhemorrhagic infarction in all but one. The 18 patients were studied retrospectively for possible factors contributing to the neurologic complications. They were matched to controls by age, cardiac lesion, and catheterization technique. Data examined included catheterization duration and approach, contrast agent, precatheterization urine specific gravity, pre‐ and postcatheterization hematocrit, blood loss, and intracatheterization events. Catheter and catheter sheath clots were noted in both patient groups. The neurologic complication group had 7/18 intracatheterization neurologic events versus only one in the controls and the change in hematocrit was greater in the complication group (t = 2.89, p<0.01). Due to this study's results and to prevent possible thromboembolic events, a heparinization protocol was instituted and patients were prospectively observed for neurologic complications. No neurologic complications have occurred over three years since the institution of this protocol.
Death from coronary air embolism during percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
Authors: Bentivoglio Lamberto G. , Leo Louis R. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA patient undergoing percutaneous transluminal angioplasty of a critical proximal stenosis of his anterior descending coronary artery died as a result of coronary air embolism from a defective dilatation catheter. The probable mechanism responsible for this lethal complication is discussed. Simple precautions are described that will prevent its future occurrence.
Catheter‐induced left internal mammary artery bypass graft dissection
Authors: Farooqi Shafgat , Jain Abnash C. , O'Keefe Michael 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe first reported case of a patient with left internal mammary artery bypass graft dissection secondary to selective coronary and graft arteriography is presented. The intimal tear and false lumen could not be seen with flouroscopy during catheterization. This later led to antero‐septal myocardial infarction.
Clinical success after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty failure for unstable angina
Authors: Kern Morton J. , Lembo Nicholas J. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractWe report a patient who had an asymptomatic total occlusion of a left anterior descending coronary artery after PTCA for unstable angina. A clinical success with a negative maximal exercise test and absence of symptoms after PTCA can not be presumed to correlate with coronary patency.
Intravascular retrieval of broken guide wire from the ascending aorta after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
Authors: Steele Mbbs(Hons) Peter M. , Holmes David R. , Mankin Harold T. , Schaff Hartzell V. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractPercutaneous coronary angioplasty of a proximal right coronary artery stenosis was attempted, but the guide wire broke. The distal portion remained in the right coronary artery and the proximal portion in the ascending aorta. A Dotter retrieval catheter was used to snare the wire, and the intra‐aortic portion was removed.
Selection of dilatation hardware for ptca‐1985
Authors: Topol Eric J. , Myler Richard K. , Stertzer Simon H. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractSelection of the proper dilatation hardware in performing coronary angioplasty will facilitate the procedure, minimize its cost, and enhance its safety. Over the past 3 years, there has been an acceleration of growth in PTCA catheter and wire technology. We evaluated all currently approved dilatation systems as well as some investigational equipment and herein discuss their relative merits and disadvantages. To aid in operator selection of equipment, the concept of a risk:benefit ratio of potential for intimal trauma vs maximal back‐up support is introduced. This information combined with objective data may be helpful in choosing the optimal dilatation equipment, which must be highly individualized for operator preferences and for each patient and his respective coronary anatomy.
A new catheter for angioplasty of the right coronary artery and aorto‐coronary bypass grafts
Authors: Arani Djavad T. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractWe have developed a new guiding catheter for angioplasty of the right coronary artery (RCA) and venous bypass grafts (VG). This catheter is easy to manipulate, provides a good „backup”︁, and is unusually helpful in angioplasty of the RCA with a usual as well as a complex course. The catheter is equally successful in angioplasty of bypass grafts. We have used this guiding catheter for angioplasty of the RCA and VG in 27 consecutive cases. In 22 patients (81%), successful dilatation was achieved. Inadequate „backup”︁ was responsible for two of the five unsuccessful angioplasties; therefore, the catheter provided a good „backup”︁ in 25/27 (93%) cases. No major complication occurred in this group of patients.
Transient visual disturbance during cardiac catheterization with angiography
Authors: Vik‐Mo Harald , Todnem Kari , Følling Magne , Rosland Gunnar A. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe occurrence of visual disturbances following cardiac catheterization with angiographies was studied in a prospective study of 2,006 consecutive adult patients. The overall incidence of visual disturbances was 1.0% and of complete blindness 0.2%. Women had higher incidence than men (2.0 versus 0.6%, p < 0.01) and patients with a history of angina pectoris with normal coronary arteries had higher incidence than those with coronary artery stenosis (3.7 versus 0.8%, p < 0.02). Thirteen of twenty patients also had signs of mental confusion. An abnormal electroencephalogram was found in 8 of 13 patients studied. Other neurological findings were observed in one patient only. All patients had complete recovery within 24 hours. Thus, the incidence of visual disturbances is found to be higher than earlier reported, but the visual loss is transient with a benign course.
Inadvertant balloon extrusion through a side hole in a guiding catheter
Authors: van Gelder L. M. , van der Krieken A. M. , El Gamal M. I. H. , Bonnier J. J. R. M. , Michels H. R. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA patient presented with an acute inferior myocardial infarction. Coronary angiography in the acute stage revealed total occlusion of the right coronary artery. Reperfusion was obtained after intracoronary infusion of 250,000 units of streptokinase. Angioplasty was subsequently performed because of a high grade residual stenosis. An 8‐French right Judkins guiding catheter with a single side hole (USCI), a 3.0 mm balloon dilatation catheter (ACS), and a 0.018 high torque floppy guide wire (ACS) were used. After successful angioplasty angiography was repeated with the guide wire in the RCA, but the balloon was withdrawn into the guiding catheter. After injection of contrast, it was impossible to withdrawn the balloon catheter out of the guiding catheter. Fluoroscopy revealed extrusion of the balloon through the side hole in the guiding catheter.
Left atrial myxoma: Diagnosis by digital subtraction intravenous angiography
Authors: Tamari Israel , Goldberg Harvey L. , Moses Jeffrey W. , Fisher Jeffrey , Borer Jeffrey S. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractDigital subtraction intravenous angiography (DSIVA) represents an important technical advance in angiographic diagnosis. Herein we present three patients with left atrial myxoma assessed by DSIVA. We review the role of DSIVA in evaluation of patients with suspected cardiac tumors and the importance of careful atrial‐phase scrutiny in examinations obtained for other purposes (ie, pulmonary angiography and assessment of ventricular function).
Isolated coronary ostial stenosis
Authors: Miller Graham A. H. , Honey Michael , El‐Sayed Hassan 
Published: March 2007

AbstractWe have examined 5 patients with typical angina pectoris and found them to have left coronary ostial stenosis without evidence of any other coronary arterial disease and without evidence of aortic disease (Takayasu aortitis, syphilitic aortitis, or familial hypercholesterolaemia). All five patients were female aged between 38 and 53 years, a striking difference from the normal 7:1 male:female ratio for atherosclerotic coronary artery disease. It may be that these patients represent a rare but distinct syndrome. The angiographic diagnosis can be difficult but a pressure drop as the catheter tip engages the ostium and lack of spill‐over of contrast into the sinus of Valsalva are findings that should lead the angiographer to suspect ostial stenosis.
Right ventricular inflow and outflow obstruction due to adrenal cell carcinoma
Authors: Carlin Brian W. , Dianzumba Sinda B. , Wendel Christopher , Joyner Claude R. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA 48‐year‐old man with surgically removed adrenal cell carcinoma presented with shortness of breath and fatigue. Physical examination revealed neck vein distention and a new systolic murmur. Echocardiography showed a right ventricular mass causing inflow and outflow tract obstruction. These findings were confirmed at surgery.
A newly designed directionally controlled guidewire
Authors: Wholey Mark H. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA directionally controlled, 1:1 torque ratio flexible. 035 guidewire has been developed for angioplasty procedures being done in the peripheral, renal, subclavian, and visceral circulation. A torque‐controlling device is incorporated with the wire in order to negotiate the stenotic or ulcerative atherosclerotic site without damage to the intimal plaque. The increased selectivity of the wire has also found application in subselective examinations within the peripheral, visceral, and extracranial circulation. Four designed configurations are describedNow manufactured by Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc., Mountain View, CA.
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