bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cu‐Catalyzed N‐Arylation of Oxazolidinones: An Efficient Synthesis of the ϰ‐Opioid Receptor Agonist CJ‐15161 (I).
Authors: Ghosh Arun , Sieser Janice E. , Caron Stephane , Couturier Michel , Dupont‐Gaudet Kristina , Girardin Melina 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
“On Water”‐Promoted Direct Coupling of Indoles with 1,4‐Benzoquinones Without Catalyst.
Authors: Zhang Hai‐Bo , Liu Li , Chen Yong‐Jun , Wang Dong , Li Chao‐Jun 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Simple Procedure for the Preparation of 6‐Chloro‐3‐acetoxy‐1‐acetylindole.
Authors: Balbuzano‐Deus Alexander , Rodriguez‐Dominguez Juan C. , Fernandez‐Villalobo Anais , Lopez‐Lopez Miguel , Kirsch Gilbert 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Application of a Thermal β‐Elimination Reaction to N‐Alkoxy‐3,3‐dinitroisoxazolidines: Synthesis of 3‐Nitroisoxazolines.
Authors: Ivanova Olga A. , Budynina Ekaterina M. , Averina Elena B. , Kuznetsova Tamara S. , Zefirov Nikolai S. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Chiral Version of the Burgess Reagent and Its Reactions with Epoxides.
Authors: Leisch Hannes , Saxon Rachel , Sullivan Bradford , Hudlicky Tomas 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Hafnium Chloride Tetrahydrofuran Complex‐Catalyzed Diels—Alder Cycloadditions of 3‐Ethoxycarbonylcoumarins with 1,3‐Dienes under Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Fringuelli Francesco , Girotti Rugiada , Pizzo Ferdinando , Zunino Ennio , Vaccaro Luigi 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Chemoselective Thioacetalization with Odorless 2‐(1,3‐Dithian‐2‐ylidene)‐3‐oxobutanoic Acid as a 1,3‐Propanedithiol Equivalent.
Authors: Yu Haifeng , Dong Dewen , Ouyang Yan , Liu Qun 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Asymmetric Synthesis of 3‐Substituted γ‐ and δ‐Sultams.
Authors: Enders Dieter , Moll Alexander , Bats Jan W. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
GaCl3‐Promoted One‐Step α,α‐Diethynylation and α,α‐Diethenylation Reactions of Silyl Enol Ethers.
Authors: Amemiya Ryo , Miyake Yutaka , Yamaguchi Masahiko 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Facile Synthesis of Stable Phosphorus Ylides Derived from Harmin, Harman, and Carbazole.
Authors: Khorassani Sayyed Mostafa Habibi , Maghsoodlou Malek Taher , Hazeri Nourollah , Nassiri Mahmoud , Marandi Ghasem , Shahzadeh Agil Ghulame 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Zinc‐Mediated Synthesis of Diaryl Selenides from Diaryl Diselenides and Diaryliodonium Salts in Aqueous Media.
Authors: Movassagh Barahman , Fazeli Azadeh 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Cytotoxic Terpenoids from Dasyscyphus niveus
Authors: Rojas de la Parra Veronica , Mierau Viktor , Anke Timm , Sterner Olov 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Iterative, Aqueous Synthesis of β3‐Oligopeptides Without Coupling Reagents.
Authors: Carrillo Nancy , Davalos Eric A. , Russak Justin A. , Bode Jeffrey W. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Application of Oppolzer′s Sultam in the Synthesis of Cyclic α‐Amino Acids and β‐Amino Acids.
Authors: Wozniak D. , Szymanska A. , Oldziej S. , Lankiewicz L. , Grzonka Z. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Enantiomerically Enriched Allylglycine Derivatives Through the Catalytic Asymmetric Allylation of Iminoesters and Iminophosphonates with Allylsilanes.
Authors: Kiyohara Hiroshi , Nakamura Yoshitaka , Matsubara Ryosuke , Kobayashi Shu 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Selective Synthesis of α‐C‐(Alkynyl)‐galactosides by an Efficient Tandem Reaction.
Authors: Guillarme Stephane , Ple Karen , Haudrechy Arnaud 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Niruriflavone, a New Antioxidant Flavone Sulfonic Acid from Phyllanthus niruri.
Authors: Than N. N. , Fotso S. , Poeggeler B. , Hardeland R. , Laatsch H. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Stereocontrolled Formation of Three Contiguous Stereogenic Centers by Free Radical Cyclization — Synthesis of (+)‐Iridomyrmecin and (‐)‐Isoiridomyrmecin — Formal Synthesis of δ‐Skythantine
Authors: Schoellhorn Bernd , Mulzer Johann 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Non‐Alkoxide Sol—Gel Method for the Preparation of Homogeneous Nanocrystalline Powders of La0.85Sr0.15MnO3.
Authors: Chervin Christopher N. , Clapsaddle Brady J. , Chiu Hsiang Wei , Gash Alexander E. , Satcher Joe H. Jr. , Kauzlarich Susan M. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis and Preliminary Biological Evaluation of the 99mTc Labeled Nitrobenzoimidazole and Nitrotriazole as Tumor Hypoxia Markers.
Authors: Zhang Yu , Chu Taiwei , Gao Xuguang , Liu Xinqi , Yang Zhi , Guo Zhenquan , Wang Xiangyun 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Why Gold Nanoparticles Are More Precious than Pretty Gold: Noble Metal Surface Plasmon Resonance and Its Enhancement of the Radiative and Nonradiative Properties of Nanocrystals of Different Shapes
Authors: Eustis Susie , El‐Sayed Mostafa A. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Steric and Electronic Effects in the Bonding of N‐Heterocyclic Ligands to Transition Metals.
Authors: Cavallo Luigi , Correa Andrea , Costabile Chiara , Jacobsen Heiko 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Rhenium and Technetium Complexes with N‐Heterocyclic Carbenes.
Authors: Braband Henrik , Kueckmann Theresa I. , Abram Ulrich 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
NHC Ligands versus Cyclopentadienyls and Phosphines as Spectator Ligands in Organometallic Catalysis.
Authors: Crabtree Robert H. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of Azoles with Two Pyridine Substituents at Carbon Atoms and Their Use in Coordination Chemistry
Authors: Vatsadze S. Z. , Nuriev V. N. , Zyk N. V. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
α‐Alkoxyalkyl‐, α‐Sulfanylalkyl‐, and α‐Aminoalkylboronates
Authors: Matteson D. S. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Porphyrins, Phthalocyanines and Related Compounds as Materials for Optical Limiting
Authors: Dini Danilo , Yang Guo Y. , Hanack Michael 
Published: May 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Central projections of melanopsin‐expressing retinal ganglion cells in the mouse
Authors: Hattar Samer , Kumar Monica , Park Alexander , Tong Patrick , Tung Jonathan , Yau King‐Wai , Berson David M. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractA rare type of ganglion cell in mammalian retina is directly photosensitive. These novel retinal photoreceptors express the photopigment melanopsin. They send axons directly to the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), intergeniculate leaflet (IGL), and olivary pretectal nucleus (OPN), thereby contributing to photic synchronization of circadian rhythms and the pupillary light reflex. Here, we sought to characterize more fully the projections of these cells to the brain. By targeting tau‐lacZ to the melanopsin gene locus in mice, ganglion cells that would normally express melanopsin were induced to express, instead, the marker enzyme β‐galactosidase. Their axons were visualized by X‐gal histochemistry or anti‐β‐galactosidase immunofluorescence. Established targets were confirmed, including the SCN, IGL, OPN, ventral division of the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGv), and preoptic area, but the overall projections were more widespread than previously recognized. Targets included the lateral nucleus, peri‐supraoptic nucleus, and subparaventricular zone of the hypothalamus, medial amygdala, margin of the lateral habenula, posterior limitans nucleus, superior colliculus, and periaqueductal gray. There were also weak projections to the margins of the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus. Co‐staining with the cholera toxin B subunit to label all retinal afferents showed that melanopsin ganglion cells provide most of the retinal input to the SCN, IGL, and lateral habenula and much of that to the OPN, but that other ganglion cells do contribute at least some retinal input to these targets. Staining patterns after monocular enucleation revealed that the projections of these cells are overwhelmingly crossed except for the projection to the SCN, which is bilaterally symmetrical. J. Comp. Neurol. 497:326–349, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Amperometric Algal Chlorella vulgaris Cell Biosensors Based on Alginate and Polypyrrole‐Alginate Gels
Authors: Ionescu Rodica E. , Abu‐Rabeah Khalil , Cosnier Serge , Durrieu Claude , Chovelon Jean‐Marc , Marks Robert S. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThe successful development and analytical performances of two biosensor configurations based on the entrapment of algal cells of Chlorella vulgaris into either a regular alginate gel or a newly synthesized pyrrole‐alginate matrix are reported. These biosensors were compared in terms of their amperometric current measurements to p‐nitrophenyl phosphate when used as substrate for the detection of an algal alkaline phosphatase activity. The high stability of the pyrrole‐alginate gel when compared to that of the alginate coating is herein demonstrated.
Electrochemical Detection of Heparin Based on Its Interaction with Light Green
Authors: Sun Wei , Ding Yaqin , Wang Qingxiang , Jiao Kui 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThe determination of heparin with linear sweep voltammetry has been developed in this paper based on its interaction with light green (LG). In pH 2.0 Britton–Robinson (B–R) buffer solution, LG has a sensitive linear sweep voltammetric reduction peak at −0.41 V (vs. SCE) and heparin can react with LG to form an ion‐association electro‐active complex, which resulted in the decrease of the peak current of the reaction solution. Under the selected experimental conditions the decrease of peak current was directly proportional to the concentration of heparin in the range of 0.8–20.0 μg/mL with the linear regression equation as Δi$\rm{ {_{p}^{\prime\prime }}}$(nA)=79.12C−101.44 (n=14,γ=0.996) and the detection limit as 0.28 μg/mL (3σ). The effects of coexisting substances on the determination of heparin were investigated and the results showed that this method had good selectivity. The method was further applied to the determination of heparin content in heparin samples with satisfactory results and good recovery.
Reagentless Glucose Biosensor Based on the Direct Electrochemistry of Glucose Oxidase on Carbon Nanotube‐Modified Electrodes
Authors: Luo Xiliang , Killard Anthony J. , Smyth Malcolm R. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThe direct electrochemistry of glucose oxidase (GOD) was revealed at a carbon nanotube (CNT)‐modified glassy carbon electrode, where the enzyme was immobilized with a chitosan film containing gold nanoparticles. The immobilized GOD displays a pair of redox peaks in pH 7.4 phosphate buffer solutions (PBS) with the formal potential of about −455 mV (vs. Ag/AgCl) and shows a surface‐controlled electrode process. Bioactivity remains good, along with effective catalysis of the reduction of oxygen. In the presence of dissolved oxygen, the reduction peak current decreased gradually with the addition of glucose, which could be used for reagentless detection of glucose with a linear range from 0.04 to 1.0 mM. The proposed glucose biosensor exhibited high sensitivity, good stability and reproducibility, and was also insensitive to common interferences such as ascorbic and uric acid. The excellent performance of the reagentless biosensor is attributed to the effective enhancement of electron transfer between enzyme and electrode surface by CNTs, and the biocompatible environment that the chitosan film containing gold nanoparticles provides for immobilized GOD.
Electrochemically Functionalized Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotube Gas Sensor
Authors: Zhang Ting , Nix Megan B. , Yoo Bong‐Young , Deshusses Marc A. , Myung Nosang V. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractWe demonstrate a facile fabrication method to make chemical gas sensors using single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) electrochemically functionalized with polyaniline (PANI). The potential advantage of this method is to enable targeted functionalization with different materials to allow for creation of high‐density individually addressable nanosensor arrays. PANI‐SWNT network based sensors were tested for on‐line monitoring of ammonia gas. The results show a superior sensitivity of 2.44% ΔR/R per ppmv NH3 (which is more than 60 times higher than intrinsic SWNT based sensors), a detection limit as low as 50 ppbv, and good reproducibility upon repeated exposure to 10 ppmv NH3. The typical response time of the sensors at room temperature is on the order of minutes and the recovery time is a few hours. Higher sensitivities were observed at lower temperatures. These results indicate that electrochemical functionalization of SWNTs provides a promising new method of creating highly advanced nanosensors with improved sensitivity, detection limit, and reproducibility.
Capillary electrophoresis‐electrospray ionization‐mass spectrometry method to determine the phenolic fraction of extra‐virgin olive oil
Authors: Carrasco‐Pancorbo Alegría , Arráez‐Román David , Segura‐Carretero Antonio , Fernández‐Gutiérrez Alberto 
Published: May 2006

AbstractWe describe the first analytical method involving SPE and CZE coupled to ESI‐IT MS (CZE‐ESI‐MS) used to identify and characterize phenolic compounds in olive oil samples. The SPE, CZE and ESI‐MS parameters were optimized in order to maximize the number of phenolic compounds detected and the sensitivity of their determination. To this end we have devised a detailed method to find the best conditions for CE separation and the detection by MS of the phenolic compounds present in olive oil using a methanol–water extract of Picual extra‐virgin olive oil (VOO). Electrophoretic separation was carried out using an aqueous CE buffer system consisting of 60 mM NH4OAc at pH 9.5 with 5% of 2‐propanol, a sheath liquid containing 2‐propanol/water 60:40 v/v and 0.1% v/v triethylamine. This method offers to the analyst the chance to study important phenolic compounds such as phenolic alcohols (tyrosol (TY), hydroxytyrosol (HYTY) and 2‐(4‐hydroxyphenyl)ethyl acetate), lignans ((+)‐pinoresinol and (+)‐1‐acetoxypinoresinol), complex phenols (ligstroside aglycon (Lig Agl), oleuropein aglycon, their respective decarboxylated derivatives and several isomeric forms of these (dialdehydic form of oleuropein aglycon, dialdehydic form of ligstroside aglycon, dialdehydic form of decarboxymethyl elenolic acid linked to HYTY, dialdehydic form of decarboxymethyl elenolic acid linked to TY) and 10‐hydroxy‐oleuropein aglycon) and one other phenolic compound (elenolic acid) in extra‐VOO by using a simple SPE before CE‐ESI‐MS analysis.
Analysis of benzalkonium chloride by capillary electrophoresis‐tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Para Bianca Veronica , Núñez Oscar , Moyano Encarnación , Galceran Maria Teresa 
Published: May 2006

AbstractConditions for the separation and determination of benzalkonium chloride (BAC) homologues by CE with UV‐detection and CE coupled to MS (IT) using electrospray as ionization source were established. The separation was performed using fused‐silica capillaries of 50 μm id and 100 mM acetic acid–ammonium acetate buffer solution at pH 4.5 with 80% of ACN as carrier electrolyte. CE‐MS coupling parameters were optimized and methanol‐10 mM acetic acid (90:10 v/v) was selected as sheath liquid. Detection limits, based on an S/N of 3:1, were calculated, and values between 0.8 and 1.3 mg/L with CE‐ESI/MS and around 0.5 mg/L with CE‐ESI‐MS/MS, using hydrodynamic injection (15 s, 3.5 kPa), were obtained. Good run‐to‐run and day‐to‐day precisions on concentration were achieved with RSDs lower than 8%. Quantitative analysis was carried out by the internal standard method and the calibration curves showed good linearities (r2>0.98). The CE‐ESI‐MS/MS method was successfully applied to the analysis of BAC in different ophthalmic solutions, allowing the direct determination, identification and confirmation of the BAC homologues presented in these samples.
Dual agent chemoprotection by retroviral co‐expression of either MDR1 or MRP1 with the P140K mutant of O6‐methylguanine‐DNA‐methyl transferase
Authors: Southgate Thomas D. , Garside Elloise , Margison Geoffrey P. , Fairbairn Leslie J. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractTumour resistance to chemotherapeutic agents results in most chemotherapy being administered in a multi‐agent fashion that is often associated with a high level of toxicity in highly proliferative tissues such as the haematopoietic compartment. Thus, whilst many genetic manipulation strategies aim to protect normal tissue against a single component of a multi‐agent regime, it is clearly preferable to protect normal cells against all toxicities. In this study we have used retroviral gene transfer to achieve co‐expression of either p‐glycoprotein (MDR1) or multi‐drug resistance‐related protein 1 (MRP1) with the P140K mutant form of O6‐methylguanine‐DNA‐methyl transferase (MGMT) which, unlike the wild‐type protein, is insensitive to inactivation by tumour sensitisers such as O6‐benzylguanine (O6‐BeG) or PaTrin2. The combination of certain MDR1/MRP1 substrate drugs with O6‐alkylating agents (against which MGMT confers resistance) is particularly myelotoxic. We show here that haematopoietic progenitors co‐expressing mutant MGMT with an ABC‐transporter exhibit resistance to combination chemotherapy in vitro. This combination of drug transporter and DNA repair function may provide an effective in vivo protection of the haematopoietic compartment during tumour ablation using combination chemotherapy. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Crafting development in Bolivia
Authors: Eversole Robyn 
Published: May 2006

AbstractIn Bolivia, as elsewhere, institutions promoting economic development in both rural and urban areas frequently target artisan products, implementing programmes to ‘promote’ and ‘develop’ these products for national and international markets. This paper gives examples of three such programmes from highland Bolivia: the ASUR textile project in Sucre, Bolivia; the PROMMI microenterprise development project in six Bolivian cities; and the El‐Alto‐based Señor de Mayo Artisans' Association. These cases highlight typical patterns and issues involved in targeting artisan production as an economic development tool. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.