bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reversible Sensing Technologies Using Upcycled TPEE: Crafting pH and Light Responsive Materials towards Sustainable Monitoring
Authors: Chang Chun‐Ting , Kuo Kai‐Chuan , Ho Jhih‐Hao , Lee Lin‐Ruei , Gautam Bhaskarchand , Ciou Jian‐Hua , Tseng Yu‐Hsuan , Chang Chia‐Wei , Wu Chia‐Ti , Lin Che‐Tseng , Chen Jiun‐Tai 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMultiresponsive materials with reversible and durable characteristics are indispensable because of their promising applications in environmental change detections. To fabricate multiresponsive materials in mass production, however, complex reactions and impractical situations are often involved. Herein, a dual responsive (light and pH) spiropyran‐based smart sensor fabricated by a simple layer‐by‐layer (LbL) assembly process from upcycled thermoplastic polyester elastomer (TPEE) materials derived from recycled polyethylene terephthalate (r‐PET) is proposed. Positively charged chitosan solutions and negatively charged merocyanine‐COOH (MC‐COOH) solutions are employed in the LbL assembly technique, forming the chitosan‐spiropyran deposited TPEE (TPEE‐CH‐SP) film. Upon UV irradiation, the spiropyran‐COOH (SP‐COOH) molecules on the TPEE‐CH‐SP film undergo the ring‐opening isomerization, along with an apparent color change from colorless to purple, to transform into the MC‐COOH molecules. By further exposing the TPEE‐CH‐MC film to hydrogen chloride (HCl) and nitric acid (HNO3) vapors, the MC‐COOH molecules can be transformed into protonated merocyanine‐COOH (MCH‐COOH) with the simultaneous color change from purple to yellow.
Defect Engineering Centrosymmetric 2D Material Flexocatalysts
Authors: Chen Yu‐Ching , Chen Po‐Han , Liao Yin‐Song , Chou Jyh‐Pin , Wu Jyh Ming 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this study, the flexoelectric characteristics of 2D TiO2 nanosheets are examined. The theoretical calculations and experimental results reveal an excellent strain‐induced flexoelectric potential (flexopotential) by an effective defect engineering strategy, which suppresses the recombination of electron–hole pairs, thus substantially improving the catalytic activity of the TiO2 nanosheets in the degradation of Rhodamine B dye and the hydrogen evolution reaction in a dark environment. The results indicate that strain‐induced bandgap reduction enhances the catalytic activity of the TiO2 nanosheets. In addition, the TiO2 nanosheets degraded Rhodamine B, with kobs being ≈1.5 × 10−2 min−1 in dark, while TiO2 nanoparticles show only an adsorption effect. 2D TiO2 nanosheets achieve a hydrogen production rate of 137.9 µmol g−1 h−1 under a dark environment, 197% higher than those of TiO2 nanoparticles (70.1 µmol g−1 h−1). The flexopotential of the TiO2 nanosheets is enhanced by increasing the bending moment, with excellent flexopotential along the y‐axis. Density functional theory is used to identify the stress‐induced bandgap reduction and oxygen vacancy formation, which results in the self‐dissociation of H2O on the surface of the TiO in the dark. The present findings provide novel insights into the role of TiO2 flexocatalysis in electrochemical reactions.
Evidence of Selection in Mineral Mediated Polymerization Reactions Executed in a Robotic Chemputer System
Authors: Asche Silke , Pow Robert W. , Mehr Hessam M. , Cooper Geoffrey J. T. , Sharma Abhishek , Cronin Leroy 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIt has long been thought that abiogenesis requires a process of selection and evolution at the molecular level, but this process is hard to explore experimentally. One solution could be the use of automation in experiments which could allow for traceability and the ability to explore a larger reaction space. We report a fully programmable and automated platform to explore the reactions of amino acids in the presence of mineral environments. The robotic system is based upon the Chemputer system which has well defined modules, software, and a chemical programming language to orchestrate the chemical processes, including analysis. The reaction mixtures were analysed with tandem mass spectrometry and a peptide sequencing algorithm. Each experiment was screened for 1,398,100 possible unique sequences, and more than 550 specifically defined sequences were confirmed experimentally. This work aimed to develop a new understanding of selection in repeated cycles of polymerisation reactions to explore the emergence of well‐defined amino acid sequences. We found that the outcome of oligomerisation was significantly influenced by the presence of different minerals, and that a serpentine environment selects glycine and phenylalanine rich fragments that enable the formation of longer oligomers with well‐defined sequences as a function of cycle number.
A Review on the Synthetic Methods towards Benzothienobenzothiophenes
Authors: S. K. Nandana , P. Rahul , Ann Babu Sheba , John Jubi , Hopf Henning 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBenzothienobenzothiophenes (BTBTs) are a class of heteroacenes for which two distinct isomers have been identified depending on the locations of the fused benzothiophene motifs. Benzothienobenzothiophenes represent a class of heteroacenes demonstrating remarkable electronic properties that make them prominent in the realm of organic semiconductors. The structure of BTBTs, incorporating two sulfur atoms, contributes to their unique electronic characteristics, including narrow bandgaps and effective charge transport pathways. These compounds have gained attention for their high charge carrier mobility, making them desirable candidates for application in organic field‐effect transistors (OFETs) and other electronic devices. Researchers have explored various synthetic strategies to design and tailor the properties of BTBT derivatives, leading to advancements in the development of high‐performance organic semiconductors. Various synthetic techniques for benzothienobenzothiophenes have been reported in the literature including multistep synthesis, tandem transformations, electrochemical synthesis, and annulations. This review investigates the generality of each synthetic methodology by highlighting its benefits and drawbacks, and it analyses all synthetic approaches described for the creation of the two isomers. For the advantage of the readers, we have delved upon every mechanism of the reactions that are known. Finally, we have also summarized the synthetic methodologies that are used for making benzothienobenzothiophene analogues for material applications.
Molecular and haematological investigations on Anaplasma ovis infection in goats in Ahvaz, Iran: Insights into infection rate, haemolytic effect and breed influences
Authors: Abbas Zadeh Maryam , Hamidinejat Hossein , Nikvand Ali Abbas , Jalali Seyedeh Missagh , Bahrami Somayeh 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundAnaplasma ovis (A. ovis) is the predominant causative agent of anaplasmosis in goats and sheep in most tropical and subtropical regions of the world. However, there is considerable variation in reported infection rates, breed susceptibility, and controversial findings regarding the haemolytic effects of A. ovis infection in goats.ObjectivesThus, we investigated the molecular and haematological aspects of A. ovis infection in goats from Ahvaz city.MethodsOne hundred and fifty apparently healthy goats (74 blacks and 76 Najdi goats) were randomly sampled from six flocks in the Ahvaz suburb during ticks’ activity season. Haematological evaluation, smear microscopic (SM) examination and PCR assay were performed to assess A. ovis infection. Additionally, the percentage of parasitemia was determined from blood smears.ResultsSM examination revealed that 25.7% of the goats displayed erythrocyte Anaplasma‐like inclusion bodies. PCR analysis indicated that 54% of the goats were positive for A. ovis infection (44.6% of blacks and 63.2% of Najdi goats). No significant difference in haematological values was observed between healthy and infected goats based on PCR testing. However, a significant difference in haematological indices was observed between the group with parasitemia level of 0.01–0.02% (SM and PCR positive) compared to the healthy goats (SM and PCR negative), particularly concerning Hb, PCV and RBC count (p < 0.01).ConclusionsWhen the parasitemia exceeds 0.01%, A. ovis infection may disrupt haematological parameters in infected goats. The high prevalence of A. ovis infection (54%) among the studied goats underscores the importance of giving special attention to implementing necessary measures for disease control in the Ahvaz suburb.
Cautions and limitations of emergent pedagogies in leadership development
Authors: Weng John , Werner Linnette 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWhile emergent pedagogies offer potentially high impact, the risks in using such pedagogies can be significant when not handled carefully. This article explores the cautions and limitations of emergent‐based pedagogies such as case‐in‐point, intentional emergence, and group relations. Leadership educators who use emergent‐based approaches need to be well‐versed in how to hold the heat in the classroom, even when the heat may be directed at them. The learning and impact from the pedagogy may sometimes take months or even years to be felt. As such, considerations like administration buy‐in are necessary in addition to the adequate development of the facilitator. This article explores resources to develop educators in their use of emergent pedagogies, including hallmark readings and trainings that are available to those interested in learning more.
Between a rock and a hard place: anticoagulation management for ECMO
Authors: Buchtele Nina , Levy Jerrold H 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAnticoagulation is an essential component of optimal extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) management. Unfractionated heparin is still the anticoagulant of choice in most centers due to longstanding familiarity with the agent. Disadvantages include alterations in drug responses due to its capability to bind multiple heparin-binding proteins that compete with antithrombin and the potential for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. In such cases, direct thrombin inhibitors are the treatment of choice but pose difficulties in monitoring due to the limited experience and target ranges for non-aPTT-guided management (aPTT: activated partial thromboplastin time). The current trend toward low-dose anticoagulation, especially for venovenous ECMO, is supported by data associating bleeding complications with mortality but not thromboembolic events, which include circuit thrombosis. However, only prospective data will provide appropriate answers to how to individualize anticoagulation, transfusions, and bleeding management which is currently only supported by expert opinion. Empiric therapy for ECMO patients based on laboratory coagulation alone should always be critically questioned. In summary, only collaboration and future studies of coagulation management during ECMO will help us to make this life-saving therapy that has become part of daily life of the intensivist even safer and more effective. Until then, a fundamental understanding of coagulation and bleeding management, as well as pearls and pitfalls of monitoring, is essential to optimize anticoagulation during ECMO. This article is freely available.
Physicochemical properties and ellagic acid accumulation in Tenebrio molitor larvae fed with pomegranate peel-enriched media
Authors: Gulsunoglu-Konuskan Zehra , Dag Sezer 
Published: March 2024

AbstractEdible insects are a promising and sustainable food source for humans due to their low environmental footprint, high feed conversion ratio, and high protein content. Furthermore, the nutritional profile of the edible insects can be modified depending on the provided diet. The aim of this study was to evaluate the growth performance, proximate composition, and ellagic acid accumulation in Tenebriomolitor larvae fed on corn flour media enriched with pomegranate peel. Corn flour and pomegranate peel were mixed in a 1:1 ratio (w/w) (PCM) and 50 T.molitor larvae were added to each jar. After 12 days of rearing, the weight of T.molitor larvae fed on PCM and the control increased by 88.35% and 58.6%, respectively, compared to their initial values. An increase in carbohydrate, protein and ash contents, along with a decrease in lipid content, was observed in the control diet after 12 days of feeding compared to the initial larvae. Conversely, the PCM diet exhibited an increase in ash and carbohydrate contents and a decrease in lipid and protein contents after 12 days of feeding compared to the initial larvae. Total phenolic content (TPC) of T.molitor larvae did not significantly vary when fed with the control group, while it increased on the fourth and twelfth days for larvae fed with the PCM diet. The CUPRAC antioxidant activity of larvae also increased on the fourth day of feeding on the PCM diet. Ellagic acid was not detected in larvae fed with control and initially, it accumulated in T.molitor larvae fed with PCM after 8 and 12 days of rearing, with concentrations of 92.54 and 115.6 µg/g larvae, respectively. This study highlights the importance of diet in changing the phenolic profile of T.molitor larvae, which can be used as a functional food ingredient to obtain value-added products from agricultural wastes.
Retrospective Study on Optimizing Breast Augmentation Outcomes in Transgender Patients: A Comprehensive Analysis of Tumescent Local Anesthesia Technique
Authors: Tettamanzi Matilde , Ziani Federico , Rodio Manuela , Arrica Giovanni , Muratore Giovanni , Manconi Anna , Trignano Claudia , Beatrici Edoardo , Liperi Corrado , Rubino Corrado , Trignano Emilio 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Tumescent local anesthesia (TLA) involves the infusion of a saline solution containing lidocaine and epinephrine into tissues to achieve localized anesthesia and vasoconstriction. While the use of TLA in sub-glandular augmentation mammoplasty has been documented, we present a modified TLA approach for primary sub-muscular breast augmentation in transgender patients based on our experience over the past years.

Methods
Between the years 2014 and 2021, we performed primary sub-muscular breast augmentation on 20 transgender patients under TLA and conscious sedation. The tumescent solution consisted of 25 mL of 2% lidocaine, 8 mEq of sodium bicarbonate, and 1 mL of epinephrine (1 mg/1 mL) in 1000 mL of 0.9% saline solution. Initially, the solution was infiltrated between the pectoral fascia and the mammary gland, and subsequently, during the surgery, under the pectoralis major muscle.

Results
The average volume of tumescent solution infiltrated during TLA was 740 mL per breast. There were no reports of adrenaline or lidocaine toxicity, and no cases required a conversion to general anesthesia. Patients experienced no pain or discomfort during the preoperative infiltration or surgical procedure.
Reoperations due to short-term complications never occurred. We observed a major complication rate of 5%, represented by 1 hematoma. Long-term complications comprised one case of implant dislocation and one occurrence of dystrophic scar formation. No cases of capsular contracture needing reoperation, asymmetry, and implant rupture occurred. In total, one individual (5%) requested larger implants. Follow-up time ranged from 30 days to 1 years.

Conclusions
Overall, augmentation mammaplasty is a valuable choice for transgender women aiming to enhance their feminine characteristics and alleviate gender dysphoria. It is imperative for patients to conduct thorough research, grasp the potential pros and cons, and consult experienced healthcare professionals in transgender care. Additionally, tumescent local anesthesia (TLA) has proven to be a safe and efficient method for sub-muscular breast augmentation, providing effective pain control with minimal postoperative complications, resulting in high patient satisfaction.

Level of Evidence IV
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
Clinical outcomes and perioperative morbidity and mortality following segmental resections of the colon for Crohn’s colitis
Authors: Kappenberger Alina-Sophie , Schardey Josefine , Wirth Ulrich , Kühn Florian , Werner Jens , Zimmermann Petra 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Crohn’s disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease of a multifactorial pathogenesis. Recently numerous genetic variants linked to an aggressive phenotype were identified, leading to a progress in therapeutic options, resulting in a decreased necessity for surgery. Nevertheless, surgery is often inevitable. The aim of the study was to evaluate possible risk factors for postoperative complications and disease recurrence specifically after colonic resections for CD.

Patients and methods
A total of 241 patients who underwent colonic and ileocaecal resections for CD at our instiution between 2008 and 2018 were included. All data was extracted from clinical charts.

Results
Major complications occurred in 23.8% of all patients. Patients after colonic resections showed a significantly higher rate of major postoperative complications compared to patients after ICR (p =  < 0.0001). The most common complications after colonic resections were postoperative bleeding (22.2%), the need for revision surgery (27.4%) and ICU (17.2%) or hospital readmission (15%). As risk factors for the latter, we identified time interval between admission and surgery (p = 0.015) and the duration of the surgery (p = 0.001). Isolated distal resections had a higher risk for revision surgery and a secondary stoma (p = 0.019). Within the total study population, previous bowel resections (p = 0.037) were identified as independent risk factors for major perioperative complications.

Conclusion
The results indicate that both a complex surgical site and a complex surgical procedure lead to a higher perioperative morbidity in colonic resections for Crohn’s colitis.
Single versus double Hem-o-lok clips to secure the apendiceal stump during laparoscopic appendectomy: a prospective randomized multicentric clinical trial
Authors: Aday Ulaş , Çetin Erman , Kafadar Mehmet Tolga , Oğuz Abdullah , Bahadır Mehmet Veysi , Ülger Burak Veli , Gedik Ercan , Girgin Sadullah , Yılmaz Mehmet 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Polymeric clips (Hem-o-lok ligation system) are now widely used to securing the base of the appendix during laparoscopic appendectomy. Studies comparing the use of single or double hem-o-lok clips are limited. The aim of this study was to compare the reliability of a single hem-o-lok clips with a double hem-o-lok clips for closure of an appendiceal stump.

Methods
This prospective randomized study includes patients from two centers who underwent laparoscopic appendectomy with the diagnosis of appendicitis between September 2020 and March 2023. Demographic, operative and clinical outcomes of the use of single or double hem-o-lok clips for closure of the appendiceal stump were compared. Factors affecting long postoperative hospital stay were investigated using univariate and multivariate analyzes.

Results
One hundred forty two (48.3%) patients in the single hem-o-lok arm and 152 (51.7%) patients in the double hem-o-lok arm were included in the analysis.The shortest operative time was noted in the single hem-o-lok group (52.1 ± 19.9 versus 61.6 ± 24.9 min, p < 0.001). The median hospital stay was 1 day (range 1–10) in the single hem-o-lok group and 1 day (range 1–12) in the double hem-o-lok group, and was shorter in the single hem-o-lok arm (1.61 ± 1.56 vs 1.84 ± 1.69, p = 0.019). Based on multivariate analysis, drain placement was identified as an independent predictive factor for long hospital stay.

Conclusions
The use of single hem-o-lok clips for appendiceal stump closure during laparoscopic appendectomy is safe and effective.
Trial registration NCT04387370 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov).
Digital decision support for structural improvement of melanoma tumor boards: using standard cases to optimize workflow
Authors: Hoier David , Groß-Ophoff-Müller Carolin , Franklin Cindy , Hallek Michael , von Stebut Esther , Elter Thomas , Mauch Cornelia , Kreuzberg Nicole , Koll Philipp 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Choosing optimal cancer treatment is challenging, and certified cancer centers must present all patients in multidisciplinary tumor boards (MDT). Our aim was to develop a decision support system (DSS) to provide treatment recommendations for apparently simple cases already at conference registration and to classify these as “standard cases”. According to certification requirements, discussion of standard cases is optional and would thus allow more time for complex cases.

Methods
We created a smartphone query that simulated a tumor conference registration and requested all information needed to provide a recommendation. In total, 111 out of 705 malignant melanoma cases discussed at a skin cancer center from 2017 to 2020 were identified as potential standard cases, for which a digital twin recommendation was then generated by DSS.

Results
The system provided reliable advice in all 111 cases and showed 97% concordance of MDT and DSS for therapeutic recommendations, regardless of tumor stage. Discrepancies included two cases (2%) where DSS advised discussions at MDT and one case (1%) with deviating recommendation due to advanced patient age.

Conclusions
Our work aimed not to replace clinical expertise but to alleviate MDT workload and enhance focus on complex cases. Overall, our DSS proved to be a suitable tool for identifying standard cases as such, providing correct treatment recommendations, and thus reducing the time burden of tumor conferences in favor for the comprehensive discussion of complex cases. The aim is to implement the DSS in routine tumor board software for further qualitative assessment of its impact on oncological care.
Clinical and genetic architecture of a large cohort with auditory neuropathy
Authors: Wang Hongyang , Guan Liping , Wu Xiaonan , Guan Jing , Li Jin , Li Nan , Wu Kaili , Gao Ya , Bing Dan , Zhang Jianguo , Lan Lan , Shi Tao , Li Danyang , Wang Wenjia , Xie Linyi , Xiong Fen , Shi Wei , Zhao Lijian , Wang Dayong , Yin Ye , Wang Qiuju 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAuditory neuropathy (AN) is a unique type of language developmental disorder, with no precise rate of genetic contribution that has been deciphered in a large cohort. In a retrospective cohort of 311 patients with AN, pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants of 23 genes were identified in 98 patients (31.5% in 311 patients), and 14 genes were mutated in two or more patients. Among subgroups of patients with AN, the prevalence of pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants was 54.4% and 56.2% in trios and families, while 22.9% in the cases with proband-only; 45.7% and 25.6% in the infant and non-infant group; and 33.7% and 0% in the bilateral and unilateral AN cases. Most of the OTOF gene (96.6%, 28/29) could only be identified in the infant group, while the AIFM1 gene could only be identified in the non-infant group; other genes such as ATP1A3 and OPA1 were identified in both infant and non-infant groups. In conclusion, genes distribution of AN, with the most common genes being OTOF and AIFM1, is totally different from other sensorineural hearing loss. The subgroups with different onset ages showed different genetic spectrums, so did bilateral and unilateral groups and sporadic and familial or trio groups.