bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Structured Review of Research‐Informed Instructional Strategies to Support CPA Enabling Competencies in Future Accountants*
Authors: Siddiqui Sanobar 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACTCPA enabling competencies underpin the human skills and professional values that all future accountants should possess. Nevertheless, to date, the discourse is limited within the scholarship of teaching and learning on how to best inculcate these competencies in future accountants. This study attempts to spark such a discourse by conducting a structured literature review (SLR) of the research‐informed instructional strategies to foster CPA enabling competencies, skills, and values in future accountants, and outlines future research opportunities. The findings indicate that the CPA competency “acting ethically and demonstrating professional values” can be engrained in future accountants using business cases and targeted courses/lessons in accounting classrooms. “Leading” is best taught through targeted courses/lessons. “Collaboration” can be gained through team‐based learning (group work) and software. “Managing self and others” can be engrained through a strategic course setup. “Adding value” can be achieved by experiential learning. “Solving problems” can be facilitated through in‐class activities that specifically target critical thinking skills. Finally, “communication” is facilitated with writing tasks and software. The top five research‐informed teaching tools that advance CPA enabling competencies are collegial tools (i.e., group work, peer review, and writing prompts), software, business cases, experiential tools, and targeted courses/lessons. In the future, an in‐depth SLR should be conducted on each of the five research‐informed teaching tools for their integration within accounting classrooms.
Genetic and pharmacological modulation of lamin A farnesylation determines its function and turnover
Authors: Foo Mattheus Xing Rong , Ong Peh Fern , Yap Zi Xuan , Maric Martina , Bong Christopher Jue Shi , Dröge Peter , Burke Brian , Dreesen Oliver 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHutchinson–Gilford Progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a severe premature ageing disorder caused by a 50 amino acid truncated (Δ50AA) and permanently farnesylated lamin A (LA) mutant called progerin. On a cellular level, progerin expression leads to heterochromatin loss, impaired nucleocytoplasmic transport, telomeric DNA damage and a permanent growth arrest called cellular senescence. Although the genetic basis for HGPS has been elucidated 20 years ago, the question whether the Δ50AA or the permanent farnesylation causes cellular defects has not been addressed. Moreover, we currently lack mechanistic insight into how the only FDA‐approved progeria drug Lonafarnib, a farnesyltransferase inhibitor (FTI), ameliorates HGPS phenotypes. By expressing a variety of LA mutants using a doxycycline‐inducible system, and in conjunction with FTI, we demonstrate that the permanent farnesylation, and not the Δ50AA, is solely responsible for progerin‐induced cellular defects, as well as its rapid accumulation and slow clearance. Importantly, FTI does not affect clearance of progerin post‐farnesylation and we demonstrate that early, but not late FTI treatment prevents HGPS phenotypes. Collectively, our study unravels the precise contributions of progerin's permanent farnesylation to its turnover and HGPS cellular phenotypes, and how FTI treatment ameliorates these. These findings are applicable to other diseases associated with permanently farnesylated proteins, such as adult‐onset autosomal dominant leukodystrophy.
Conditioned morphine tolerance promotes neurogenesis, dendritic remodelling and pro‐plasticity molecules in the adult rat hippocampus
Authors: Nejad Ghazaleh Ghamkhari , Mottarlini Francesca , Tavassoli Zohreh , Caffino Lucia , Fumagalli Fabio , Homberg Judith R. , Fathollahi Yaghoub 
Published: March 2024

AbstractStructural neuroplasticity of the hippocampus in the form of neurogenesis and dendritic remodelling underlying morphine tolerance is still less known. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to assess whether unconditioned‐ and conditioned‐morphine tolerance can trigger structural neuroplasticity in the dorsal and ventral parts of the adult male rat hippocampus. Evaluation of the levels of neurogenesis markers (Ki67 and DCX) by immunohistochemistry shows that conditioned morphine tolerance is sufficient to increase the baseline topographic level of hippocampal neurogenesis in adult rats. Dendritic spine visualization by Golgi staining shows that the behavioural testing paradigms themselves are sufficient to trigger the hippocampus subregion‐specific changes in the dendritic remodelling along the apical dendrites of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons and dentate granule cells in adult rats. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction of Bdnf, Trkb, Rac‐1 and RhoA mRNA levels as pro‐plasticity molecules, shows that the conditioned morphine tolerance is effective in changing Bdnf and RhoA mRNA levels in the ventral hippocampus of adult rats. In summary, we demonstrate that the acquisition of morphine tolerance promotes adult neurogenesis, dendritic remodelling and pro‐plasticity molecules such as Bdnf/Trkb in the rat hippocampus. Indeed, the structural neuroplasticity of the hippocampus may underlie the newly formed aberrant memory and could provide the initial basis for understanding the neurobiological mechanisms of morphine‐tolerance plasticity in the hippocampus.
A community‐based modified sport program for rural community‐dwelling older adults: A pilot study
Authors: Romein Jake , Hutchins Gabrielle , Ottrey Ella , Talpey Scott , Bishop Jaclyn 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntroductionWith Australiaʼs ageing population, especially in rural regions, promoting physical activity among older adults is crucial.ObjectiveTo identify factors influencing participation of older adults (60 years or over) from a rural community in a modified sport program and assess satisfaction with a pilot modified sport program informed by these findings.DesignInsights and ideas from two focus groups exploring community perspectives on a modified sport program informed the development of a six‐week pilot modified sport program delivered with the local fitness centre. Post‐program surveys assessed participant satisfaction, willingness to continue, and likelihood of recommending the program to others.FindingsNine participants attended the focus groups, highlighting increased social connection, health management, and healthy ageing as key motivators. Joint and health concerns, cost, and time constraints emerged as main barriers. Preferences for the program included weekly sessions, alternating sports, indoor venues, and supporting modifications, but maintaining traditional rules.Thirteen participants participated in the pilot modified sport program. There was strong program attendance (86%). All participants (13/13) rated their satisfaction as very satisfied. They were highly likely to recommend the program to others (8.5/10) and were interested in continuing modified sport after the pilot (7.7/10).DiscussionThis study demonstrates for the first time that modified sport is of interest to older people in the rural setting, and that delivering such a program is feasible in a small community. Rural communities implementing modified sport should consider the availability of suitable facilities and equipment, access to an engaging facilitator and participant cost.ConclusionThrough a strong connection between the health service and community fitness centre, a modified sport program was developed and implemented, well‐attended and enjoyed by participants in a rural community.
The situation of the interface
Authors: Cooper Timothy P. A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA master copy is an artifact whose quality or value carries over to the copies it engenders. In the United Arab Emirates, home to a marketplace trade in Pashto‐language film and music, master copy also refers to the context of the artifact's accessibility; it describes a print made from a medium—such as a celluloid film, an audiocassette, or a vinyl record—considered to hold the earliest or highest‐quality recording. Situated at a narrowing analog‐to‐digital bottleneck, a master copy is not an original but an interface between the social circumstances afforded by storage and communication media. Thus, as distinct from the formats that manifest content or preserve data, bottlenecks and interfaces ought to be studied on their own terms, as is shown in ethnographic research on master copies that travel between Pakistan and Afghanistan, and beyond, throughout the Pashtun diaspora.
“We are a nuclear community”: The Ethical, Political Economic, and Social Relations of Canadian Nuclear Waste Siting
Authors: Bell Marissa 
Published: March 2024

AbstractNuclear waste poses unique challenges that transcend everyday temporalities and shape socio‐political and economic relations across temporal, spatial, and epistemic dimensions. This paper draws from ethnographic research in Canada, to understand how the political economy, power relations, and ethical landscapes of a specific “nuclear community” inform perception and engagement with a “community‐driven” process to permanently store high‐level radioactive waste. The local nuclear industry has effectively fostered deep political economic and cultural ties to the community, resulting in a sense of nuclear pride within an exclusive and cohesive nuclear community in Bruce County. This paper examines what it means to be a nuclear community, the ways in which people identify with being a nuclear community, and how this identification shapes the ethical landscapes that inform how local communities in the Bruce region engage with the nuclear waste siting process.
Surrogate optimisation strategies for intraocular lens formula constant optimisation
Authors: Langenbucher Achim , Wendelstein Jascha , Cayless Alan , Hoffmann Peter , Szentmáry Nóra 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPurposeTo investigate surrogate optimisation (SO) as a modern, purely data‐driven, nonlinear adaptive iterative strategy for lens formula constant optimisation in intraocular lens power calculation.MethodsA SO algorithm was implemented for optimising the root mean squared formula prediction error (rmsPE, defined as predicted refraction minus achieved refraction) for the SRKT, Hoffer Q, Holladay, Haigis and Castrop formulae in a dataset of N = 888 cataractous eyes with implantation of the Hoya Vivinex hydrophobic acrylic aspheric lens. A Gaussian Process estimator was used as the model, and the SO was initialised with equidistant datapoints within box constraints, and the number of iterations restricted to either 200 (SRKT, Hoffer Q, Holladay) or 700 (Haigis, Castrop). The performance of the algorithm was compared to the classical gradient‐based Levenberg‐Marquardt algorithm.ResultsThe SO algorithm showed stable convergence after fewer than 50/150 iterations (SRKT, HofferQ, Holladay, Haigis, Castrop). The rmsPE was reduced systematically to 0.4407/0.4288/0.4265/0.3711/0.3449 dioptres. The final constants were A = 119.2709, pACD = 5.7359, SF = 1.9688, −a0 = 0.5914/a1 = 0.3570/a2 = 0.1970, C = 0.3171/H = 0.2053/R = 0.0947 for the SRKT, Hoffer Q, Holladay, Haigis and Castrop formula and matched the respective constants optimised in previous studies.ConclusionThe SO proves to be a powerful adaptive nonlinear iteration algorithm for formula constant optimisation, even in formulae with one or more constants. It acts independently of a gradient and is in general able to search within a (box) constrained parameter space for the best solution, even where there are multiple local minima of the target function.
The ethics of voluntary ethics standards
Authors: von Kriegstein Hasko , MacDonald Chris 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMany nongovernmental forms of business regulation aim at reducing ethical violations in commerce. We argue that such nongovernmental ethics standards, while often laudable, raise their own ethical challenges. In particular, when such standards place burdens upon vulnerable market participants (often, though not always, SMEs), they do so without the backing of traditional legitimate political authority. We argue that this constitutes a structural analogy to wars of humanitarian intervention. Moreover, we show that, while some harms imposed by such standards are desirable, others are best thought of as a form of collateral damage. We thus look at the well‐developed literature on just war theory for inspiration and find that the principles of jus ad bellum and jus in bello contain many insights that can be fruitfully adapted to the case of nongovernmental standard‐setting. Consequently, we propose the Ius ad Normam—a set of principles that should guide would‐be standard‐setters in assessing whether imposing those burdens is ethically justifiable in particular cases. We also discuss how powerful multinational businesses often act simultaneously as standard‐takers and standard‐setters and explore the normative implications of this dual role.
Habitat differences in seed‐dispersing vertebrates indicate dispersal limitation in tropical bracken‐dominated deforested areas
Authors: Gallegos Silvia C. , Mayta Cesar , Villegas Mariana , Ayala Guido M. , Naoki Kazuya , Rechberger Josef , Rojas Valeria , Viscarra María E. , Bernal‐Hoverud Nuria , Espejo Mauricio , Hensen Isabell 
Published: March 2024

AbstractShifting agriculture and anthropogenic fires are among the main causes of deforestation in the tropics. After fire and land abandonment, vast deforested areas are commonly dominated by the bracken fern Pteridium for long periods. Although forest regeneration in bracken‐dominated areas is mainly hindered by dispersal limitation, little is known about the role of seed‐disperser communities in slow forest succession. Our objective was to unravel the differences in the properties of the seed‐disperser communities between forests and bracken‐dominated areas to assess their role in dispersal limitation to foster ecological restoration. We compared species richness, diversity, abundance, and composition of seed‐dispersing birds, bats, and medium and large terrestrial mammals between both habitats in a montane forest of Bolivia. The species richness and diversity were similar for bats and higher for birds in bracken‐dominated areas than in the forest, but species composition was different between both habitats and groups. Although species composition was similar between both habitats for terrestrial mammals, the abundance was higher in the forest than in bracken‐dominated areas. Differences in species composition of seed‐dispersing birds and bats could be one of the main causes of dispersal limitation in forest regeneration in tropical bracken‐dominated areas. The few shared species between both habitats could explain the low seed rain of animal‐dispersed forest tree species in bracken‐dominated areas and the consequent hindered forest regeneration. Future studies relevant to natural forest regeneration should focus on analyzing the effects of animal‐attractants such as perches, artificial bat‐roosts, and seedling transplants on disperser communities, seed dispersal effectiveness, and forest regeneration.Abstract in Spanish is available with online material.
Importance of cultural context in the study of children's executive functions: Advances in Latin America research
Authors: Gago‐Galvagno Lucas G. , Miller Stephanie E. , Mancini Natalia A. , Simaes Ailin C. , Elgier Angel M. , Azzollini Susana C. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAlthough executive functions (EFs) have been identified as a cornerstone of cognitive development, knowledge of this fundamental ability in children is based primarily on research with North American and Western European samples of middle to high socioeconomic status (SES). In this article, we highlight advances in research on developmental EFs from Latin American regions, an understudied area that provides a unique context important to understanding EFs. Our narrative review suggests the potential for both universality (e.g., increasing cohesion and longitudinal stability among EFs' task performance, general positive associations with age, and other social and cognitive abilities) and cultural specificity in EF development (i.e., contributions of SES, educational environments, parenting styles, and cultural values). It is important to consider the development of EFs outside of typically examined samples—and specifically within Latin American countries—to understand more thoroughly these abilities and to generate interventions that consider cultural context.
Protocol liver biopsy predicts graft survival after liver transplantation
Authors: Liukkonen Ville H. , Nordin Arno J. , Färkkilä Martti A. , Mirtti Tuomas K. , Arola Johanna T. , Åberg Fredrik O. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe use of protocol liver biopsy to monitor liver allograft status remains controversial. There is limited data from modern transplantation populations that includes protocol biopsies to evaluate its value in predicting clinical outcomes.MethodsAll protocol liver biopsies were identified from 875 patients who underwent liver transplantation at Helsinki University Hospital between 2000 and 2019. Each histologic component was analyzed for its ability to predict long‐term outcomes, especially graft survival. We determined the frequency of significant biopsy findings based on the Banff working group definition. Liver function tests (LFTs) and clinical markers were evaluated for their ability to predict significant biopsy findings.ResultsIn total, 867 protocol liver biopsies were analyzed. Significant findings were identified in 20.1% of the biopsies. In the first protocol biopsy, steatohepatitis (hazard ratio [HR] 3.504, p = .03) and moderate or severe congestion (HR 3.338, p = .04) predicted graft loss. The presence of cholangitis (HR 2.563, p = .04), necrosis (HR 7.635, p < .001), mild congestion (HR 4.291, p = .009), and significant biopsy finding (HR 2.540, p = .02) predicted inferior death‐censored graft survival. While the degree of elevation of LFTs was positively associated with significant biopsy findings, the discrimination was poor (AUC .572–.622). Combined LFTs and clinical risk factors remained suboptimal for discriminating significant biopsy findings (AUC .696).ConclusionsOur findings support the use of protocol liver biopsies after liver transplantation since they frequently revealed changes associated with long‐term outcomes, even when LFTs were normal.
Intransitivity in plant–soil feedbacks is rare but is associated with multispecies coexistence
Authors: Pajares‐Murgó Mariona , Garrido José L. , Perea Antonio J. , López‐García Álvaro , Bastida Jesús M. , Prieto‐Rubio Jorge , Lendínez Sandra , Azcón‐Aguilar Concepción , Alcántara Julio M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAlthough plant–soil feedback (PSF) is being recognized as an important driver of plant recruitment, our understanding of its role in species coexistence in natural communities remains limited by the scarcity of experimental studies on multispecies assemblages. Here, we experimentally estimated PSFs affecting seedling recruitment in 10 co‐occurring Mediterranean woody species. We estimated weak but significant species‐specific feedback. Pairwise PSFs impose similarly strong fitness differences and stabilizing‐destabilizing forces, most often impeding species coexistence. Moreover, a model of community dynamics driven exclusively by PSFs suggests that few species would coexist stably, the largest assemblage with no more than six species. Thus, PSFs alone do not suffice to explain coexistence in the studied community. A topological analysis of all subcommunities in the interaction network shows that full intransitivity (with all species involved in an intransitive loop) would be rare but it would lead to species coexistence through either stable or cyclic dynamics.
Motor seizures confer overall survival benefit in who grade 2 glioma
Authors: Fairclough Sam , Chumas Paul , Goodden John , Maguire Melissa , Mathew Ryan K. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe prevalence of epilepsy in World Health Organization (WHO) grade 2 glioma is high, with seizures being the presenting symptom in 60%–90%. We explore the epidemiology of seizures in this patient population in a regional neurosurgical center.MethodsElectronic health records of patients with histologically‐proven WHO grade 2 glioma (n = 228) were reviewed between 1997 and 2021, with data collected including patient demographics, epilepsy prevalence, and seizure semiology. The influence of seizure type on overall survival was calculated using a Cox proportional hazards model.ResultsOverall, 197 of 228 patients (86.4%) were diagnosed with epilepsy—either at presentation or during the course of their disease. Male patients were more likely than female patients to be diagnosed with epilepsy (91.1% vs 77.1%, p = .003) and, in those with epilepsy, more likely to experience at least one focal to bilateral tonic–clonic seizure (69.4% vs 54.1%, p = .05). Patients with left‐sided tumors were twice as likely to have experienced a focal to bilateral tonic–clonic seizure (p = .02, odds ratio [OR] = .47). Predominantly experiencing seizures with motor activity appeared to confer better overall survival, with a 65% decrease in the risk of death 10 years post diagnosis (hazard ratio [HR] = .35, p = .02). This is despite accounting for previously described prognostic markers including tumor histology/genetics, time from diagnosis to surgery, and the extent of tumor resection.SignificanceMotor seizure activity is a frequent feature in WHO grade 2 glioma and appears to confer a survival benefit regardless of histology or surgical factors. Seizures due to dominant hemisphere tumors may be more likely to propagate and cause bilateral tonic–clonic activity.
Evaluating harvest incentives for suppressing a socially‐valued, but ecologically‐detrimental, invasive fish predator
Authors: Hansen Adam G. , Lepak Jesse M. , Gardunio Eric I. , Eyre Tory 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe legacy of intentional freshwater fish introductions across the western United States has fostered social tensions over the control of nonnative species in some contexts. Overcoming tensions and implementing effective control programs is important for mitigating impacts to native species. We modeled the efficacy of incentivized harvest for controlling nuisance smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) using empirical responses measured during fishing tournaments on two reservoirs that are sources of nonnative predators to critical habitat of native species. Simulations demonstrated that anglers could suppress adult smallmouth bass by 90%–99% in under 30 years, but were contingent on program participation and density dependence in harvest efficiency (i.e., catchability) and population demographics. Catchability differed between systems and varied temporally within the same system, thereby suggesting tournament structure could be adapted to increase harvest rates. Incentivized harvest should not be dismissed as a viable control strategy alone or in tandem with other methods in small lentic systems.