bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analytical Evaluation of Natural Frequencies in Hollow-Core Slabs: A PracticalMethodology for Civil Engineering Applications
Authors: Zenatti Carlos Natã , Silveira Guilherme , Gidrão Gustavo , Novak Paulo Rogério , Bosse Rúbia , Silvestro Laura , Marcos Lara Kawai 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This study presents an analytical methodology for predicting the natural frequencies ofhollow-core slab panels, addressing a significant research and application need instructural engineering. The study suggests a numerical-experimental calibrationutilizing the Finite Element Method (FEM) via ANSYS software to assess the modalresponse of prestressed hollow core slabs investigated by Marcos (2015). Through thedevelopment of Irvine's equation, this research proposes a simplified methodology fordetermining the natural frequency of slabs. The slabs are modeled as simply supportedbeams, and Irvine's equations are applied to simplify several degrees of freedomstructure (SDOF) and determine the natural frequencies for various spans. Thevalidation of the numerical-experimental model indicates a maximum error of 8.32\% inthe third vibration mode, demonstrating the accuracy and practicality of the proposedanalytical method. This approach could be useful in determining the vibrationserviceability presented in ABNT NBR 6118:2023. It can help engineers andmanufacturers ensure structural compliance and vibration serviceability.
The causal relationship between circulating leukocytes and kidney function: A Mendelian randomization study
Authors: LI Xiuzhi , Yang Han 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Several studies proposed that inflammatory response strongly correlated with kidney function and the progression of the chronic kidney disease (CKD), both in terms of its onset and course as well as any ensuing consequences.
Objectives
To investigate the potential causal relationship of the five subtypes of leukocytes count (monocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils) with CKD and kidney function by employing Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.
Methods
At the genome-wide significance level, single-nucleotide polymorphisms correlated to major white blood cell types were identified. Large-scale genome-wide association studies with sample sizes of 44,266, 86,640, 58,284, and 23,210 provided summary-level data for CKD, eGFR, and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR), respectively. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was used for primary MR analysis, and additional sensitivity approach were carried out to evaluate the robustness.
Results
We discovered that a higher genetically determined monocyte count was causally associated with an increased genetically predicted eGFR level (beta = 0.0035; 95% CI: 0.0013–0.0057; P = 1.45×10− 3) and uACR level (betaIVW = 0.017; 95%CI: 0.008–0.027, P = 5.5 × 10− 4). Sensitivity analyses employing different approaches revealed comparable associations, while MR-Egger regression revealed no indication of pleiotropy. In addition, we observed that was lymphocyte count (betaIVW = 0.018; 95%CI: 0.004–0.033, P = 1.1 × 10− 2) and neutrophil count (betaIVW = 0.018; 95%CI: 0.001–0.035, P = 3.9 × 10− 2) were positively associated with uACR, while the association remained non-significant after Bonferroni correction.
Conclusion
Our research implicates peripheral white blood cells, specifically monocytes, lymphocytes, and eosinophils, to the kidney function damage, underscoring the necessity for mechanistic investigations to discover these associations.
The Impact of 4% Articaine on ECG: Insights from a Randomised Control Trial
Authors: s sakthi , d durairaj , m james antony bhagat , b nathiya , ar thennarasu , kumar nalin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
AIM AND BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Articaine can be used as alternative drug of choice for lignocaine because it has rapid onset and longer duration of action so these qualities of articaine can be beneficial for patient travelling from long distance in which patient can be free from pain. The aim of this study is to Compare the efficacy and safety such as blood pressure and pulse rate ,ECG of the both of 4% Articaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 2% Lignocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine in patients operated for mandibular third molar impaction.
METHOD
This is a randomized controlled clinical trial a total 30 subjects were participated in the study with age ranging from 22-45 years and parameters such as Drug volume(ml) ,Duration of surgical procedure, Intra operative pain evaluation, Onset of anesthesia, Duration of anesthesia, Duration of postoperative analgesia, ECG,blood pressure,pulse,spo2,temperature were assessed .
Results:
It was evident that 4% articaine has longer duration of action and great postoperative analgesia in terms of 2% lignocaine and there was no significant difference in ECG,blood pressure,pulse ,spo2,temperature
Conclusion
It was established that 4% articaine is more effective than 2% lignocaine. Hence might be thought of as a lignocaine substitute in clinical settings.A local anaesthetic solution that is efficient enough to produce sufficient anaesthesia while causing minimal problems is essential for minor oral surgical procedures
Defining and benchmarking open problems in single-cell analysis
Authors: Luecken Malte , Gigante Scott , Burkhardt Daniel , Cannoodt Robrecht , Strobl Daniel , Markov Nikolay , Zappia Luke , Palla Giovanni , Lewis Wesley , Dimitrov Daniel , Vinyard Michael , Magruder Daniel , Andersson Alma , Dann Emma , Qin Qian , Otto Dominik , Klein Michal , Botvinnik Olga , Deconinck Louise , Waldrant Kai , Rieck Bastian , Ahlmann-Eltze Constantin , Beltrame Eduardo da Veiga , Benz Andrew , González-Blas Carmen Bravo , Chen Ann , DeMeo Benjamin , Ergen Can , Floc'hlay Swann , Gayoso Adam , Hicks Stephanie , ji yuge , Kleshchevnikov Vitalii , Manno Gioele La , Lombardo Maximilian , Lopez Romain , Righelli Dario , Sarkar Hirak , Svensson Valentine , Tong Alexander , Xing Galen , Xu Chenling , Bloom Jonathan , Pisco Angela , Saez-Rodriguez Julio , Wulsin Drausin , Pinello Luca , Saeys Yvan , Theis Fabian , Krishnaswamy Smita 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
With the growing number of single-cell analysis tools, benchmarks are increasingly important to guide analysis and method development. However, a lack of standardisation and extensibility in current benchmarks limits their usability, longevity, and relevance to the community. We present Open Problems, a living, extensible, community-guided benchmarking platform including 10 current single-cell tasks that we envision will raise standards for the selection, evaluation, and development of methods in single-cell analysis.
A study of acupuncturing “Chou’s Tiaoshen” acupoints on short-term insomnia patients: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Wong ZiYi , Hong Qiuyang , He Yeqing , Yan XiaoYu , Liu Qian , Cao Mingyang , Zhao Ruotong , Fei Yichen , He Keren , Li Huanqin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background: The incidence of short-term insomnia is high. Timely intervention of short-term insomnia has important significance to prevent it from developing into chronic insomnia which can lead to a heavy health burden. At present, the treatment of short-term insomnia is limited. Acupuncture is an effective and mature treatment for insomnia with a long history in China and is increasingly recognized internationally. However, there are few studies on short-term insomnia and no clinical studies on acupuncture treatment of short-term insomnia reported.
Methods: Our team intends to conduct a randomized controlled trial to compare the "Chou’s Tiaoshen" acupuncture method with estazolam to explore the effectiveness of acupuncture in the treatment of short-term insomnia. A total of 88 eligible patients with short-term insomnia will be randomized in a ratio of 1:1 to the acupuncture group ("Chou’s Tiaoshen" acupoints) and estazolam group. The primary outcome measure is Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Secondary outcome measures are Polysomnography (PSG), heart rate variability (HRV), serum cortisol, Ford Insomnia Response to Stress Test (FIRST), daytime functional scale, Traditional Chinese Medicine（TCM） symptom scoring Scale. Clinical assessments will be performed both at baseline and after treatment.
Discussion: This study aims to explore the therapeutic effect of acupuncture in the treatment of short-term insomnia. Furthermore, more and more studies have suggested that compared with chronic insomnia, short-term insomnia is more related to hyperarousal. We will explore the possible mechanism of acupuncture in the treatment of short-term insomnia from the perspective of hyperarousal mechanism by testing heart rate variability, serum cortisol and FIRST.
Ethics and trial registration: This protocol has been approved by the Research Ethical Committee of Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Beijing TCM Hospital), the approval number is 2023BL02-103-02. It’s also been registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06212934).
Evaluating the impact of storage time and temperature on the stability of biochemical compounds and microbial quality in cherry syrup from the 'Burlat' cultivar
Authors: Ouaabou Rachida , Hssaini Lahcen , Ennahli Said , Alahyane Abderrahim , Nabil Bouchra 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of storage time and temperature on the biochemical and sanitary quality of cherry syrup made from the "Burlat" cultivar cherries. The syrup was pasteurized at 70°C for 2 minutes and stored at four temperatures (-20, 4, 28, and 40°C) for six months. The total phenolic (TPC), total flavonoid (TFC), total anthocyanin (TAC), and antioxidant activity (AA) of the syrup were monitored throughout the storage period. Results showed that there was no statistically significant loss of TPC, TFC, TAC, and AA up to 60 days of storage at -20°C and 4°C (p < 0.05). However, at 28°C and 40°C, a significant loss was observed from 30 days of storage. ATR-FTIR analysis confirmed the degradation of syrup nutritive compounds around the vibration regions attributed mainly to proteins and phenols as a function of temperature and storage time. Microbial control revealed that no molds or yeasts were detected at any temperature treatment during the 6-month storage period. Overall, this study suggests that low temperature storage (-20°C) is recommended to maintain the microbiological and biochemical quality of cherry syrup.
The Relationship Between Thyroid Autoantibodies and X Chromosome Monosomy in the Chorionic Tissue of Patients with Missed Miscarriage
Authors: Zhao Lu , Liu Li , Yang Hua 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between thyroid autoantibodies (TGAb and TPOAb) and X chromosome monosomy in the chorionic tissue of patients with missed early miscarriage.
Methods The baseline data, thyroid function, thyroid antibody and the chromosomes from the chorionic tissue of 228 patients with missed early miscarriage were examined.
Results(1) Among the 228 patients, 121 had a normal chromosome number, and 107 had an abnormal chromosome number. The majority of them were autosomal trisomy, of which trisomy 16 (40.19%) was predominant. Sex chromosome monosomy (28.04%) was secondary. (2) Among the 228 patients, 208 had normal thyroid function, including 141 who were negative for TGAb and TPOAb; 2 had clinical hyperthyroidism; 3 had subclinical hypothyroidism; 1 had low T4 syndrome; and 70 were just positive for TGAb and/or TPOAb. (3) After exclusion of patients with thyroid function abnormalities, there were no significant differences in baseline data between the normal chromosome group and the abnormal chromosome group (P> 0.05). However, there was a significant difference in TGAb and TPOAb between the normal chromosome and abnormal chromosome group with 45, X karyotype, with a higher proportion of TGAb and/or TPOAb positivity in the 45, X karyotype group (P < 0.05). Additionally, compared to TGAb and/or TPOAb-positive patients, the risk of X chromosome monosomy was significantly reduced in TGAb and TPOAb-negative patients (P < 0.05). Moreover, an increase in TGAb and TPOAb titers also increased the risk of X chromosome monosomy abnormalities (P < 0.05).
Conclusion There is a correlation between TGAb, TPOAb and X chromosome monosomy in the chorionic tissue of patients with missed early miscarriage, although the mechanism remains to be further investigated.
Assessing the Impact of Small Firm Dynamics on Public Mental Health Amid the Pandemic in Latin America
Authors: Díaz Fernando , Henríquez Pablo A. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The aim of our study is to examine the relationship between the economic activity of small firms and the mental well-being of the population in five Latin American countries in the early stages of the pandemic. We utilize the search volume of certain keywords on Google Trends (GT), such as "boredom," "frustration," "loneliness," "sleep", "anxiety", and "depression", as an indicator of the well-being of the population. By examining the data from Facebook Business Activity Trends, we investigate how social attention reacts to the activity levels of different economic sectors. Increased business activity is generally associated with reduced levels of boredom, loneliness, sleep problems and anxiety. The effect on depression varies by sector, with positive associations concentrated in onsite jobs. In addition, we observe that strict Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions (NPIs) tend to exacerbate feelings of boredom and loneliness, sleep issues, and anxiety. Our findings suggest a strong association between different indicators of psychological well-being and the level of activity in different sectors of the economy.
Influence of Preheating Resin Composites: A Nano CT assessment on Voids, Internal Adaptation and Post-Gel Shrinkage Strain
Authors: Sundaravarathan Rajaram , Venkataiah Venkata Suresh , Mehta Deepak , Naganath Meena , Sindagi Swabhaanu Manoj , Guru Ajay , Shaik Mohammed Rafi , Mallik Saurav , Shah Mohd Asif 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Resin-based composites stand as widely employed restorative materials in the field of dentistry, owing to their superior esthetic and physicochemical properties. Nevertheless, a notable limitation of these composites is the occurrence of polymerization shrinkage, leading to stress at the interface of tooth restoration. Over time, this phenomenon may result in marginal leakage and secondary caries, thereby causing restoration failure.
Objectives
Our study aimed to conduct a comparative evaluation of voids, internal adaptation, and polymerization shrinkage in Class II preheated composite restorations [5 seconds vs. 20 seconds] and composites at room temperature [20 seconds], utilizing Nano CT analysis.
Methods
Cylindrical Class II cavities were prepared on both mesial and distal sides of Fifteen freshly extracted human maxillary premolar teeth. The specimens were then randomly allocated into three groups and restored as follows: Group 1 [Filtek Supreme XT at room temperature, photocured for 20 seconds], Group 2 [Filtek Supreme XT composite preheated to 68°C in Compex HD, photocured for 20 seconds], and Group 3 [Filtek Supreme XT composite preheated to 68°C in Compex HD, photocured for 5 seconds]. Nano CT was employed for the qualitative assessment of the samples. Statistical analysis involved the Shapiro-Wilkins test, ONE WAY ANOVA test, followed by Tukey’s HSD Post hoc analysis.
Results
Significantly improved outcomes were observed in preheated composite groups, irrespective of the photo curing time, when compared to the room temperature composite group in terms of polymerization shrinkage. The room temperature composite group exhibited the highest void volume and frequency among the investigated groups.
Conclusions
Within the constraints of the study, it can be deduced that preheating at 68°C and light curing for 5 seconds enhance internal adaptation and reduce the incidence of voids in composite restoration. Clinicians should be informed about clinical techniques that mitigate shrinkage stress to improve the durability of composite restorations. Clinicians should be informed about clinical techniques that mitigate shrinkage stress to improve the longevity of composite restorations.
From anomalous dissipation through Euler singularities to stabilized finite element methods for turbulent flows
Authors: Fehn Niklas , Kronbichler Martin , Lube Gert 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
It is well-known that kinetic energy produced artificially by an inadequate numerical discretization of nonlinear transport terms may lead to a blow-up of the numerical solution in simulations of fluid dynamical problems such as incompressible turbulent flows. However, the community seems to be divided whether this problem should be resolved by the use of discretely energy-preserving or dissipative discretization schemes. The rationale for discretely energy-preserving schemes is often based on the expectation of exact conservation of kinetic energy in the inviscid limit, which mathematically relies on the assumption of sufficient regularity of the solution. There is the (contradictory) phenomenological observation in turbulence that flows dissipate energy in the limit of vanishing molecular viscosity, an "anomalous" phenomenon termed dissipation anomaly or the zeroth law of turbulence. As already conjectured by Onsager, the Euler equations may dissipate kinetic energy through the formation of singularities of the velocity field. With the proof of Onsager's conjecture in recent years, a consequence for designing numerical methods for turbulent flows is that the smoothness assumption behind conservation of energy in the inviscid limit becomes indeed critical for turbulent flows. The velocity field rather has to be expected to show singular behavior towards the inviscid limit, supporting the dissipation of kinetic energy. Our main argument is that designing numerical methods against the background of this physical behavior is a strong rationale for the construction of dissipative (or dissipation-aware) numerical schemes for convective terms. From that perspective, numerical dissipation does not appear artificial, but as an important ingredient to overcome problems introduced by energy-conserving numerical methods such as the inability to represent anomalous dissipation as well as the accumulation of energy in small scales, which is known as thermalization. This work discusses stabilized H1, L2, and H(div)-conforming finite element methods with a focus on the energy-stability of the numerical method and its dissipation mechanisms to predict inertial dissipation. Finally, we discuss the achievable convergence rate for the kinetic energy in under-resolved turbulent flow simulations.
Investigating the Role of Leptin, Resistin, and Irisin Levels as Prognostic Indicators in Iraqi Lung Cancer Patients
Authors: Hanoush Noor , Rashied Rashied , Mohammed Abdul Rahman 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Lung cancer is the most lethal malignancy and is often associated with a poor prognosis. However, limited studies have tested leptin, resistin, and irisin as biomarkers in lung cancers. Thus, this study aimed to determine whether irisin, resistin, and leptin could be useful biomarkers for lung cancer diagnosis.
Methods
The study is designed on 100 lung cancer patients at age rang (40–75) years, these patients divided in to (66) patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and (34) patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC). For the purpose of comparison, (66) samples as control group with age range (40–70) years. Each patient and control had five milliliters of blood taken. Then the sera used to estimate the Leptin, Resistin, and Irisin by using ELISA technique.
Results
The results indicates the mean of Leptin was significant increase in NSCLC and SCLC groups (10.71 ± 0.30 and 10.13 ± 0.51)ng/ml respectively, in contrast to the control group (8.26 ± 0.47) ng/ml. The mean of Irisin significant increase in SCLC group (5.86 ± 0.13) pg/ml and NSCLC group(5.08 ± 0.09)pg/ml in contrast to the control group (4.13 ± 0.09) pg/ml. Resistin had been significant increase in SCLC group (7.25 ± 0.38)ng/ml followed by NSCLC group (6.35 ± 0.13)ng/ml compared with control group (3.96 ± 0.17) ng/ml.
Conclusion
The higher levels of leptin in NSCLC patients could serve as prognostic marker for NSCLC. The variations in Resistin and Irisin levels across different stages of lung cancer suggest that they might be useful in predicting the prognosis of lung cancer.
The Effect of the Endothelial Surface Layer on Cell-Cell Interactions in Microvessel Bifurcations.
Authors: Triebold Carlson , Barber Jared 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Red blood cells (RBCs) carry oxygen and make up 40-45% of blood by volume. Because of their finite size and their large volume fraction, they are heterogeneously distributed throughout the body. This is partially because RBCs are distributed or partitioned nonuniformly at diverging vessel bifurcations where blood flows from one vessel into two. Despite its increased recognition as an important player in the microvasculature, few studies have explored how the endothelial surface layer (ESL; a vessel wall coating) may affect partitioning and RBC dynamics at diverging vessel bifurcations. Here we use a mathematical and computational model to consider how altering ESL properties, as can occur in pathological scenarios, change partitioning, RBC deformation and penetration of the ESL. The two-dimensional finite element model considers pairs of cells, represented by interconnected viscoelastic elements, passing through an ESL lined diverging vessel bifurcation. The properties of the ESL include the hydraulic resistivity and an osmotic pressure difference modeling how easily fluid flows through the ESL and how easily the ESL is structurally compressed, respectively. We find that cell-cell interaction leads to more uniform partitioning and greatly enhances the effects of ESL properties especially for deformation and penetration. This includes the trend that increased hydraulic resistivity leads to more uniform partitioning, increased deformation, and decreased penetration. It also includes the trend that decreased osmotic pressure increases penetration.