bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Histologic variant of the epithelial‐myoepithelial carcinoma of the salivary gland: A case report
Authors: Cheung Florence M. F. , Hioe Fei , Kong James H. B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBackground. Epithelial‐myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC) of the salivary gland is a low‐grade carcinoma. It has been widely accepted as a clinicopathologic entity only in the past decade. Histologically, the classical bimodal differentiation of inner eosinophilic ductal cells and outer layer of clear myoepithelial cells has been well documented by many authors. However, the proportion of each component may vary in different tumors or within the same tumor, and different histologic patterns have been described. The clinicopathologic findings of an epithelial‐myoepithelial carcinoma of the parotid gland in a 73‐year‐old man are presented.Methods. Light microscopy including immunohistochemistry and ultrastructural studies were done.Results. The various histologic patterns and bimodal differentiation of the tumor were noted.Conclusions. The present case demonstrates the myriad of histologic patterns that can occur in epithelialmyoepithelial carcinoma. Differentiation from malignant mixed tumor is essential and possible. The importance of the awareness of its histologic variants is emphasized. © 1995 Jons Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Rehabilitation outcomes of long‐term survivors treated for head and neck cancer
Authors: de Boer Maarten F. , Pruyn Jean F. A. , van den Borne Bart , Knegt Paul P. , Ryckman Richard M. , Verwoerd Carel D. A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBackground. Little is known about the rehabilitation outcomes of long‐term survivors following treatment for head and neck cancer. There are, for example, no studies on physical and psychosocial rehabilitation outcomes of T1 glottic larynx carcinoma, despite the fact that these form the majority of head and neck cancer sites. Thus, this investigation afforded a unique opportunity for examining similarities and differences among T1 glottic larynx patients, laryngectomy patients, and those who had surgery for cancer of the oral cavity and/or oropharynx along a variety of physical and psychosocial dimensions.Methods. To describe the impact of these three types of head and neck cancer and their treatment on the physical and psychosocial functioning of long‐term survivors, a selfreport questionnaire was completed by 110 patients treated between 2 and 6 years previously in a major cancer center.Results. Data indicate that a higher percentage of patients treated with laryngectomy or commando procedures still experience severe psychosocial distress between 2 and 6 years after their last treatment than do patients treated with radiotherapy for a T1 carcinoma of the glottic larynx. Psychosocial and physical complaints are still reported by many laryngectomy patients, apparently the result of problems in effective communication with others. Many commando procedure patients experience problems with respect to food intake, and with disfigurement and its consequences. T1 Iarynx patients mainly experience a considerable number of physical complaints. The greater the time that had elapsed since treatment, the fewer the psychosocial problems associated with head and neck tumors. Open discussion of the illness in the family, social support, and perceptions of adequate information from the specialist are the most important predictors of positive rehabilitation outcomes.Conclusions. This study indicates that T1 Iarynx patients report many physical complaints even though several years had elapsed since treatment. Also, Iaryngectomy patients may need psychosocial guidance for a longer posttreatment period and that health care personnel must involve the partner as much as possible in all communications. Commando procedure patients in particular feel hindered by their disfigurement and its consequences. Future research with respect to validation of the specific head and neck modules is needed.
Alterations in levels of different protein kinase C isotypes and their influence on behavior of squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity: εPKC, a novel prognostic factor for relapse and survival
Authors: Martínez‐Gimeno Carlos , Díaz‐Meco María T. , Domínguez Isabel , Moscat Jorge 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBackground. Recent results suggest that some PKC isotypes, when overexpressed, confer to cultured fibroblasts certain proliferative advantages, and enhanced tumorigenicity in nude mice, suggesting their participation in carcinogenic processes. These findings need to be validated through the investigation of potential alterations of these kinases in common forms of human cancers.Material and Methods. In this prospective study we determined levels of different PKC isozymes by Western blot in tissue extracts from 29 human primary squamous cell carcinomas of the oral cavity, and their respective controls. These expressions were correlated with behavior of tumor and histologic characteristics.Results. Dramatic alterations in different PKC isotypes were found. Thus, increased levels of isotypes α, β, or γ, and ε were found in most of the patients, as well as significant correlations between levels of the isotype and survival‐relapse rate and classical PKC isotypes with irregular morphology of tumoral interphase.Conclusions. These results suggest participation of some PKC isotypes (α, β, γ, and δ) in the genesis and behavior (ε) of oral cancers. Levels of PKC could be used as prognostic marker. © 1995 Jons Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Regional differences in hippocampal PKA immunoreactivity after training and reversal training in a spatial Y‐maze task
Authors: Havekes Robbert , Timmer Marjan , Van der Zee Eddy A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIt is suggested that the hippocampus functions as a comparator by making a comparison between the internal representation and actual sensory information from the environment (for instance, comparing a previously learned location of a food reward with an actual novel location of a food reward in a Y‐maze). However, it remains unclear to what extent the various hippocampal regions contribute to this comparator function. One of the proteins known to be crucially involved in the formation of hippocampus‐dependent long‐term memory is the adenosine 3′,5′ cyclic monophosphate dependent protein kinase (PKA). Here, we examined region‐specific changes in immunoreactivity (ir) of the regulatory IIα,β subunits of PKA (PKA RIIα,β‐ir) in the hippocampus during various stages of spatial learning in a Y‐maze reference task. Thereafter, we compared changes in hippocampal PKA RIIα,β‐ir induced by training and reversal training in which the food reward was relocated to the previously unrewarded arm. We show that: (1) There was a clear correlation between behavioral performance and elevated PKA RIIα,β‐ir during the acquisition phase of both training and reversal training in area CA3 and dentate gyrus (DG), (2) PKA RIIα,β‐ir was similarly enhanced in area CA1 during the acquisition phase of reversal training, but did not correlate with behavioral performance, (3) PKA RIIα,β‐ir did not change during training or reversal training in the subiculum (SUB), (4) No changes in PKA RIIα,β protein levels were found using Western blotting, and (5) AMPA receptor phosphorylation at serine 845 (S845p; the PKA site on the glutamate receptor 1 subunit (GluR1)), was enhanced selectively during the acquisition phase of reversal training. These findings reveal that training and reversal training induce region‐specific changes in hippocampal PKA RIIα,β‐ir and suggest a differential involvement of hippocampal subregions in match‐mismatch detection in case of Y‐maze reference learning. Alterations in AMPA receptor regulation at the S845 site seems specifically related to the novelty detector function of the hippocampus important for match‐mismatch detection. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
CD4+FoxP3+ regulatory T cells gradually accumulate in gliomas during tumor growth and efficiently suppress antiglioma immune responses in vivo
Authors: Grauer Oliver M. , Nierkens Stefan , Bennink Erik , Toonen Liza W.J. , Boon Louis , Wesseling Pieter , Sutmuller Roger P.M. , Adema Gosse J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe suppressive activity of regulatory T cells (Treg) has been implicated as an important factor limiting immune mediated destruction of tumor cells. However, not much is known about the presence and function of Treg within tumors. Here we show in a syngeneic murine glioma model a time‐dependent accumulation of CD4+FoxP3+ Treg in brain tumors. Further analysis revealed a time‐dependent upregulation of CD25, CTLA‐4, GITR and CXCR4 on intratumoral CD4+FoxP3+ Treg during tumor growth. Moreover, freshly isolated intratumoral Treg were highly suppressive when tested directly ex vivo. Treatment with anti‐CD25 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) significantly reduced the number of these highly suppressive CD4+FoxP3+ cells within the growing tumor and provoked a CD4 and CD8 T cell dependent destruction of the glioma cells. Combining Treg depletion with administration of blocking CTLA‐4 mAbs further boosted glioma‐specific CD4+ and CD8+ effector T cells as well as antiglioma IgG2a antibody titers resulting in complete tumor eradication without any signs of autoimmunity. These data illustrate that intratumoral accumulation and activation of CD4+FoxP3+ Treg act as a dominant immune escape mechanism for gliomas and underline the importance of controlling tumor‐infiltrating Treg in glioma immunotherapy. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Common variants in genes that mediate immunity and risk of multiple myeloma
Authors: Brown Elizabeth E. , Lan Qing , Zheng Tongzhang , Zhang Yawei , Wang Sophia S. , Hoar‐Zahm Shelia , Chanock Stephen J. , Rothman Nathaniel , Baris Dalsu 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMultiple myeloma (MM) is a B‐cell malignancy characterized by aberrant immune function. Using genomic DNA extracted from 127 MM cases aged 21–84 years and 545 population‐based controls, we examined the risk of MM associated with 82 common variants in 45 genes that mediate immunity among women of European American descent. Genotyping was determined using validated and optimized TaqMan assays. We estimated haplotype frequencies from unphased genotype data for 20 of these genes using the expectation‐maximization progressive insertion algorithm. Compared with controls, MM risk was positively associated with homozygotes of single loci, IL4R (−28120T, rs2107356) and FCGR2A (−120G, rs1801274) (OR = 1.91, 95% CI 1.08–3.38 and 1.95, 95% CI 1.06–3.60, respectively). For genes in which linkage disequilibrium was observed between multiple loci, MM risk was positively associated with the haplotype block covering part of the LTA*TNF complex (LTA −82C/−90G *TNF −1036C/−487G/−417G, OR = 1.63, 95% CI 1.02–2.16) compared with the most frequently occurring haplotype observed among controls (LTA −82A/−90A *TNF −1036C/−487G/−417G). Our findings provide preliminary evidence that common genetic variants in specific immune‐mediated pathways could influence the risk of MM. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Porous morphology, porosity, mechanical properties of poly(α‐hydroxy acid)–tricalcium phosphate composite scaffolds fabricated by low‐temperature deposition
Authors: Liu Li , Xiong Zhuo , Yan Yongnian , Hu Yunyu , Zhang Renji , Wang Shenguo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTissue engineering is expected to construct complicated hominine organs composed of many different types of cells. One of the key points is the accurate controlling of scaffold material and porous morphology point by point. A new direct rapid prototyping process called low‐temperature deposition manufacturing (LDM) was proposed to fabricate scaffolds. The new process integrated extrusion/jetting and phase separation and therefore could fabricate scaffolds with hierarchical porous structures creating a wonderful environment for the growth of new tissue. The interconnected computer‐designed macropores allow cells in the new tissue to grow throughout the scaffold. Also, the parameter‐controlled micropores let nutrition in and metabolic wastes out. The macrocellular morphology, microcellular morphology, porosity, and mechanical properties of the poly(α‐hydroxy acid)‐TCP composite scaffolds prepared by the proposed method are investigated. These scaffolds with high controllability would potentially play an important role in tissue engineering. LDM could also be combined with multinozzle deposition or cell deposition to exactly control materials or cells point by point. This might bring a breakthrough to the engineered fabrication of complicated organs. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 2007
Polyelectrolyte thromboresistant affinity coatings for modification of devices contacting blood
Authors: Samoilova Nadezhda A. , Krayukhina Maria A. , Novikova Svetlana P. , Babushkina Tatyana A. , Volkov Iliya O. , Komarova Lidiya I. , Moukhametova Liliya I. , Aisina Roza B. , Obraztsova Ekaterina A. , Yaminsky Igor V. , Yamskov Igor A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe modification of hydrophobic polyethylene/polystyrene surfaces of medical devices with bilayer/multilayer coatings (BCs/MCs) based on polyelectrolyte complexes (PEC) of modified poly(N‐vinylpyrrolidone‐co‐maleic acid) copolymer (VPMA) with chitosan, amphiphilic chitosan, or albumin was studied. The VPMA contained l‐Lysine as affinity ligand for plasminogen attached through α‐amino group. The surface properties and chemical composition of the surfaces investigated were analyzed, using sessile‐drop water contact angle measurements, attenuated total reflectance Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR‐FTIR), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The specific adsorption of plasminogen (precursor of fibrinolytic enzyme plasmin) from its solutions and from human blood plasma on the modified surfaces was investigated. It was established that polyelectrolyte MCs are more efficient than single‐layer BCs and the affine polymer coatings without interlayer. A thrombogenicity decrease for the materials modified with BCs and MCs was shown in in vitro and ex vivo trials. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 2007
Raman imaging for quantification of the volume fraction of biodegradable polymers in histological preparations
Authors: Nandagawali S.T. , Yerramshetty J.S. , Akkus Ozan 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPostretrieval analysis of biodegradable polymeric constructs for degradation rates requires correct identification of the degradable polymer, de novo tissue and the confounding presence of a secondary polymer used for embedding. Similarities between the structures of many tissue engineering polymers may make them difficult to distinguish from the polymer used to embed explants prior to histological sectioning. In this study, we assessed the feasibility of a chemical imaging method, Raman microscopy, to discriminate between more than one polymer species. From the perspective of spectroscopy, this is not a straightforward process because of the emergence of multiple peaks, ubiquity of embedding medium, and presence of observations sourcing from points sampled at the interface of two phases. A multivariate K‐means data clustering method was used to discriminate between different polymeric components. The method was able to classify 95% of the observations to the correct category. The remaining data displayed multiple memberships because of (1) the laser spot coinciding with the interfaces of more than one phase or (2) infiltration of histological embedding polymer. Combined with multivariate analysis methods, this technique may prove useful in the future for tissue engineering and biomaterials analysis of degradation rates of, and tissue ingrowth into, polymer scaffolds. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 2007
Removal of specific antibody in vivo by whole blood immunoadsorption: Preliminary results in dogs
Authors: Bensinger W. I. , Buckner C. D. , Baker D. A. , Clift R. A. , Thomas E. D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEffective immunoadsorption for removal of anti‐red cell antibodies from plasma using affinity columns has been demonstrated. However, the requirement of a continuous‐flow centrifuge to separate plasma increases the cost and complexity of the procedure. We have adapted red cell antigen immunoadsorption columns for use with whole blood. Effective and specific removal of anti‐red cell antibodies was achieved in actively immunized dogs.
Use of lymphoplasmapheresis or plasmapheresis in the management of acute renal allograft rejection
Authors: Kleinman Steven , Nichols Marcus , Strauss Franklin , Goldfinger Dennis 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSeveral recent reports have documented the value of intensive plasmapheresis as an adjunct to standard immunosuppressive therapy for patients suffering acute renal allograft rejection. We have treated four rejection episodes in three patients with intensive plasmapheresis and two rejection episodes in two additional patients with intensive lymphoplasmapheresis. Five of six rejection episodes were reversed, and four of the five patients treated have retained functioning grafts for follow‐up periods ranging from 4 months to 3 years. Previous investigators have reported encouraging results using plasmapheresis, and we believe our experience supports the requirement for further controlled studies with this procedure. Moreover, we note that no previous work has been described with lymphoplasmapheresis and suggest that removal of lymphocytes, in addition to plasma, may further augment immunosuppression in the treatment of renal allograft rejection.
National center for health care technology assessment of therapeutic apheresis for rheumatoid arthritis, 1981
Authors: Heyse Stephen P. , Renault Pierre R. , Perry Seymour 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe National Center for Health Care Technology coordinated the Public Health Service's assessment of therapeutic apheresis for rheumatoid arthritis in response to the Health Care Financing Administration's request for advice regarding Medicare coverage of this rapidly emerging technology. The information considered included reports available in the medical literature (as of early 1981), advice from the National Institutes of Health and Food and Drug Administration, advice from the appropriate medical societies, as well as information submitted by interested parties in response to a notice published in the Federal Register announcing the assessment. Synthesis of this information provided the basis for concluding that therapeutic apheresis for rheumatoid arthritis was considered experimental with the possible exception of treatment for life‐threatening complications such as vasculitis, cryoglobulinemia, or hyperviscosity syndrome.
The effect of plasmapheresis and drug immunosuppression on T‐cell subsets as defined by monoclonal antibodies
Authors: Kiprov Dobri D. , Dau Peter C. , Morand Paul 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe number of total T‐cells and the number of helper/inducer T‐cells decreased in 27 of 31 patients with immunologic disorders treated with plasmapheresis and drug immunosuppression. The number of suppressor/cytotoxic T‐cells increased in the majority of patients. The helper/inducer to suppressor/cytotoxic cell ratio, which was initially elevated in 26 of 31 patients, decreased significantly in all but 2 patients after therapy. Ten patients were already on drug immunosuppression at the time plasmapheresis was started, and all 10 showed increased helper/inducer to suppressor/cytotoxic cell ratio despite their drug therapy. The helper/inducer to suppressor/cytotoxic cell ratio decreased in all ten patients after plasma exchange. The number and the percentage of total T‐cells and helper/inducer cells decreased from prepheresis levels while the number and the percentage of suppressor/cytotoxic cells increased. Plasmapheresis, in combination with drug immunosuppression, was effective in decreasing the elevated helper/inducer to suppressor/cytotoxic cell ratio in disorders of the immune system. In contrast, patients on immunosuppressive drug therapy alone had persistently high immunoregulatory ratio.
Selective removal of sickle cells with the IBM 2997 continuous flow blood cell separator
Authors: Lenes B. , Klein H. G. , Lakatos E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPartial red cell exchange transfusion is used to manage several complications of sickle cell anemia. Reports have stressed the safety, case, and speed of red cell exchange procedures performed with blood cell separators, but little information exists concerning operating conditions for the most efficient removal of hemoglobin S (HbS) containing cells. We performed 13 red blood cell exchange transfusions with the IBM 2997 continuous flow blood cell separator on two previously transfused adult homozygous (SS) sickle cell patients. We used both a single stage and a dual stage disposable pathway and varied rotor speed, collection port, and collection interface independently. The patients' baseline percentage HbS ranged from 28 to 64% (mean = 46%); post exchange values ranged from 19.1 to 46% (mean = 32%). Thirty‐three of 34 specimens collected from the white cell or platelet port showed a higher percentage of HbS in the collection line compared to simultaneous patient samples. Mean enrichment was 9.4% (range = −4.0 to 35.5%). There was an inverse relationship between the hemoglobin concentration and the percentage of HbS in the collected specimens (p = 0.001; N = 45). Differential separation of sickle cells should decrease the volume of blood required for partial red cell exchange of selected SS patients.
Subclavian vein catheterization for apheresis access
Authors: Spindler Joseph S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe have inserted Shiley Vas‐Caths® into the subclavian veins of 20 patients. These indwelling catheters are used for apheresis and some were maintained up to 3 months. Of the 430 apheresis procedures performed, 30 (6.9%) had good peripheral vein access while 400 (93.1%) required subclavian vein catheterization. No complications, including infection and blood clotting, have been recorded. The only contamination noted was normal skin flora cultured on the outside of the exposed portion of the cannula. We attribute our success to limited catheter manipulation, frequent dressing changes, and adhering to strict, sterile procedures.
Plasma exchange: A controlled study of the effect in patients with Raynaud's phenomenon and scleroderma
Authors: McCune Mark A. , Winkelmann R. K. , Osmundson Philip J. , Pineda Alvaro A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSix female patients with stage I and II vascular scleroderma and Raynaud's phenomenon were treated with plasma exchange and placebo plasma exchange. Placebo exchange consisted of the return of the patient's own separated plasma. No consistent long‐term objective improvement was demonstrated in patients treated with either plasma exchange or placebo plasma exchange. Immediate increases in pulse volume, digital blood pressure, and skin temperature occurred in some patients with both procedures. Mechanisms of change remain unexplained, and further study is warranted.