bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Myth of Beauty Concept on Avoskin Skincare Advertisement
Authors: Rezky Destri Mutiara 
Published: February 2024

Myths can shape society and influence peopleâ€™s behaviour. They play a very important role in society, as a genre of folklore. In advertising, the meaning process occurs at two stages, namely denotative and connotative. Advertisers often use this mythical level to appeal to consumers' emotions and associate them with their products. Based on explanation above, this research purpose to identify the denotation, connotation, and myth of beauty concept contained in three skincare advertisements there are Avoskin, Oasea, and NPure, taken from each official Instagram brand. In this research, researcher used semiotic theory to explore the meaning of signs in each advertisement scene from Roland Barthes. The research method used descriptive qualitative research, it means research that focuses on describing and interpreting the data analysis process. The data collection technique is documentation, by means of screenshots in each scene that appears in the advertisement. The results and conclusions of this research is the researcher identify several meanings of denotation, connotation and beauty myths in each scene in the advertisement. The most common beauty myth found in these three advertisements is symbolized by attitudes, behaviour, human facial expressions, and natural conditions. It can be concluded that beauty is not only based on the physical but can be symbolized in different forms.
Students' Perception toward the Use of Pair Work Strategy in Writing Descriptive Text at Senior High School Level
Authors: Divarianti Ririn , Abbas M. Fadhly Farhy 
Published: February 2024

Learning difficulties become one of inhibiting factors in the learning process, to produce a good quality of writing, students have various options of writing strategies. This study aims to find out students' perception toward the use of pair work strategy in writing descriptive text at SMA smart Indonesia. The method of this research was descriptive quantitative research with survey design. This research was conducted from December 2021 to January 2022. The instruments used in this research were questionnaire which consisted of 16 items. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics in the form of summation of scores, mean, standard deviation and then interpreted descriptively. The result of the findings revealed that the students have high level perception. It was proved by the mean score, benefit gained 4.23. Learning Improvement gained 4.26, and motivation gained 4.37. Overall, students' perception toward the use of pair work strategy in writing descriptive text have a positive and categorized into very high average score was 4.27. In conclusion, pair work strategy in the writing learning process provided more opportunities for students to be more active in the learning process and pair work can develop students' writing skills because pair work provided significant benefits for students, especially in the learning process in SMA Smart Indonesia.
Relationship between accelerometer-measured sleep duration and Stroop performance: a functional near-infrared spectroscopy study among young adults
Authors: You Yanwei , Liu Jianxiu , Li Xingtian , Wang Peng , Liu Ruidong , Ma Xindong 
Published: February 2024

Objectives
Short sleep is becoming more common in modern society. This study aimed to explore the relationship between accelerometer-measured sleep duration and cognitive performance among young adults as well as the underlying hemodynamic mechanisms.

Methods
A total of 58 participants were included in this study. Participants were asked to wear an ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometer to identify their sleep duration for 7 consecutive days. Cognitive function was assessed by the Stroop test. Two conditions, including the congruent and incongruent Stroop, were set. In addition, stratified analyses were used to examine sensitivity. 24-channel functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) equipment was applied to measure hemodynamic changes of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) during cognitive tasks.

Results
Results showed that sleep duration was positively associated with accuracy of the incongruent Stroop test (0.001 (0.000, 0.002), p = 0.042). Compared with the regular sleep (≥7 h) group, lower accuracy of the incongruent Stroop test (−0.012 (−0.023, −0.002), p = 0.024) was observed in the severe short sleep (<6 h). Moreover, a stratified analysis was conducted to examining gender, age, BMI, birthplace, and education’s impact on sleep duration and the incongruent Stroop test accuracy, confirming a consistent correlation across all demographics. In the severe short sleep group, the activation of left middle frontal gyri and right dorsolateral superior frontal gyri were negatively associated with the cognitive performance.

Conclusions
This study emphasized the importance of maintaining enough sleep schedules in young college students from a fNIRS perspective. The findings of this study could potentially be used to guide sleep time in young adults and help them make sleep schemes.
Influence of Growth Regulators Application on Seed Development and Maturation in Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.)
Authors: Vanitha C  , Kathiravan M  , Umarani R  , Sathiya K  
Published: February 2024

The experiment was carried out at National Pulses Research Centre (NPRC), Vamban, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University to assess the effect of growth regulators foliar sprayon seed development and maturation in Pigeonpea VBN (Rg) 3. Plant growth regulators viz., GA3 (200 ppm) and chlormequat chloride(CCC) 200 ppm were sprayed at vegetative (65 DAS) and flowering stage (80 DAS). The plants without any foliar spraying treatment considered as control. When 50 percent of the plants in a population have reached bud initiation stage, the buds were tagged and collected at five days interval from 5th day upto45th days after initiation (DAI). The variation in pod colour, changes in pod length and weight, seed fresh and dry weight, moisture content, germination and seedling vigour were recorded at regular intervals of five days up to 45 days after flower initiation. The results revealed that the maximum pod length, fresh and dry weight of pod and seed, seed germination and seedling vigour was observed in pigeonpea at 30 days after floral initiation (DAI) in chlormequat chloride (CCC) 200 ppm foliar treatment. The control i.e. without any foliar treatment had attained the physiological maturity at 35 DAI by recording all the physiological parameters viz. maximum pod length, fresh and dry weight, seed germination and seedling vigour. In pigeonpea, application of CCC @ 200 ppm as foliar treatmentleadsto attain physiological maturity at 30 days after initiation of flowering (DAI) by recording the highest seed weight, germination and seedling dry weight over control.
Conjoint Application of Lime, Organics, Inorganic Fertilizers, and Bio-fertilizers Increases Groundnut Productivity, Available Phosphorus and Microbial Biomass Phosphorus in Acidic Soil of Tripura, India
Authors: Dey D. , Kundu M. C. , Sen D. , Sachan M. S. 
Published: February 2024

In Tripura, India the soil productivity is less due to its light texture, acidic in nature, low fertility status, low microbial activity. Thus, a field experiment on groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) was carried out on acidic soil of Khowai district of Tripura during 2017 and 2018 to evaluate the impact of the application of various combinations of lime, farm yard manure (FYM), poultry manure (PM), and rhizobium with the recommended doses of NPK on groundnut productivity, available phosphorus (P) and microbial biomass phosphorus (MBP) content of acidic experimental soil. The experiment was conducted using a randomized block design (RBD) with 13 treatments with various combinations of application of lime, farm yard manure (FYM), poultry manure (PM), and rhizobium with the recommended doses (RD) of NPK, each having 3 replications. Both initial and post-harvest soil samples were collected and analyzed to estimate the available P and MBP content. Results indicated that the use of the different combinations of the RD of NPK accompanied by the application of lime, organic manure (FYM or PM) and seed treatment with Rhizobium significantly increased available P and MBP content in the post-harvest soil which has resulted in increased seed yield of groundnut compared to the RD of NPK alone. Again, the use of RD of NPK @ 20:60:40 kg ha-1 conjointly with lime (@ 1/5th LR), PM (@ 5 t ha-1), and treating the seeds with Rhizobium @ 20 g kg-1 of seed might be recommended to the growers in achieving higher groundnut productivity with better return in acid soil of Tripura, India, as it showed maximum enhancement in groundnut productivity as well as available P2O5 content in post-harvest soil.
Optical properties and quantum yield determination in photocatalytic suspensions
Authors: Loddo V. , Addamo M. , Augugliaro V. , Palmisano L. , Schiavello M. , Garrone E. 
Published: April 2006

AbstractKnowledge of the optical properties of photocatalytic suspensions is vital for a correct comparison of their energetic efficiency. In this work, the determination of both absorption and scattering coefficients of aqueous suspensions of commercial TiO2 powders irradiated by monochromatic light was carried out by measuring only one quantity—the transmitted photon flow—as a function of the catalyst mass and by applying an asymptotic form of the Kubelka–Munk solution of the radiative transfer equation. Applying a nonlinear fitting procedure the evaluation of the actual values of absorption and scattering coefficients was carried out. The limit for optically thick media of the Kubelka–Munk equation is shown to assume the form of a standard Lambert–Beer absorption formula. The determination of absorbed photon flow was then used to determine the quantum yield value for the phenol photocatalytic oxidation reaction. © 2006 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2006
Preference for sons and sex ratio in two non‐western societies
Authors: Crognier E. , Baali A. , Hilali M.‐K. , Villena M. , Vargas E. 
Published: April 2006

AbstractMoroccan Berbers and the Bolivian Aymara are two unrelated peasant groups living in adverse environments with a still rather traditional agriculture. Precarious life conditions may be responsible for the importance given to male labor and hence for the cultural preference conferred on male descent. This preference, expressed in the social valorization of sons to the detriment of daughters, is more emphasized if the socioeconomic status of the family is lower. Interpreted according to the cost/benefit approach of Fisher (1958 Genetical Thoery of Natural Selection, New York: Dover) of variations in the sex ratio and to its later developments (Trivers and Willard 1973 Science 179:90–91; Trivers 1985 Social Evolution, Menlo Park: Benjamin/Cummings; Hewlett 1991 J. Anthropol. Res. 47:1–37; Smith 1993 Ethol. Sociobiol. 14:39–44), these cultural characteristics could determine that parents bias the care allocated to their progeny in favor of sons, to the detriment of daughters. This could eventually affect their respective survival and finally modify the offspring tertiary sex ratio. This study compares differences in survival as indicators of parental care according to a child's sex and across three economic strata: poor, medium, and high. The Moroccan data express no other sex differences in survival than an advantage for daughters during the preweaning period in the medium and high strata. Within the same sex and across economic strata, a greater mortality between age 10–20 years is observed for boys of the poorest stratum. The Aymara data do not show sex differences by economic stratum, except for an advantage to daughters between birth and 5 years in the medium group, and no survival differences within the same sex across economic strata. These results suggest either that despite the social valorization of male progeny no differences in parental care according to sex occur, or that their magnitude is not great enough to contrast the survival of sons and daughters. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 18:325–334, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Biological aging and Cox hazard analysis of mortality trends in a Mennonite community from south‐central Kansas
Authors: Melton Phillip E. , Zlojutro M. , Kimminau K. , Crawford M.H. 
Published: April 2006

AbstractThis study investigated mortality in 568 individuals from the Goessel Mennonite community in rural central Kansas. There were three main objectives to this research: 1) characterize mortality trends within a biologically well‐defined Mennonite community; 2) determine what biochemical, morphological, and physiological risk factors could be related to all‐cause mortality, stratified by age and sex; and 3) compare these results to previously described variables that were associated with both biological age and mortality in this population. Mortality data were obtained from three sources: Kansas Vital Records, the Social Security death index, and church records. In total, 221 (39%) individuals were found to have died in this population between January 1980–June 2002. Analogous to the larger US population, the three leading causes of death in this community were heart disease, cancer, and stroke, accounting for 60% of all deaths. Besides advancing age, the greatest biological risk factor in this population was decreased amounts of albumin in men (relative risk, 2.47), potentially indicating underreported cases of either chronic kidney disease or frailty syndrome for males. Cox proportional hazard models demonstrated that increased amounts of total cholesterol may provide a protective effect for elderly individuals. We conclude, based on the previously described heritability of both albumin (h2= 0.40) and total cholesterol (h2= 0.50) in this population, that underlying genetic factors associated with both chronic degenerative diseases and biological aging may have important implications for understanding mortality patterns in this community. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 18:387–401, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Randomized, controlled trial of dextromethorphan/quinidine for pseudobulbar affect in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Panitch Hillel S. , Thisted Ronald A. , Smith Richard A. , Wynn Daniel R. , Wymer James P. , Achiron Anat , Vollmer Timothy L. , Mandler Raul N. , Dietrich Dennis W. , Fletcher Malcolm , Pope Laura E. , Berg James E. , Miller Ariel 
Published: April 2006

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of DM/Q (capsules containing dextromethorphan [DM] and quinidine [Q]) compared with placebo, taken twice daily, for the treatment of pseudobulbar affect over a 12‐week period in multiple sclerosis patients.MethodsA total of 150 patients were randomized in a double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study to assess pseudobulbar affect with the validated Center for Neurologic Study‐Lability Scale. Each patient also recorded the number of episodes experienced between visits, estimated quality of life and quality of relationships on visual analog scales, and completed a pain rating scale.ResultsPatients receiving DM/Q had greater reductions in Center for Neurologic Study‐Lability Scale scores than those receiving placebo (p < 0.0001) at all clinic visits (days 15, 29, 57, and 85). All secondary end points also favored DM/Q, including the number of crying or laughing episodes (p ≤ 0.0077), quality of life (p < 0.0001), quality of relationships (p = 0.0001), and pain intensity score (p = 0.0271). DM/Q was well tolerated; only dizziness occurred with greater frequency than with placebo.InterpretationResults in multiple sclerosis patients were similar to those of a previous study in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, demonstrating that DM/Q may be beneficial in treating potentially disabling pseudobulbar affect in a variety of neurological disorders. Ann Neurol 2006;59:780–787
Identification by 19F NMR of Traditional Chinese Medicinal Plants Possessing Prolyl Oligopeptidase Inhibitory Activity
Authors: Tarragó Teresa , Frutos Silvia , Rodriguez‐Mias Ricard A. , Giralt Ernest 
Published: April 2006

AbstractProlyl oligopeptidase is a cytosolic serine peptidase that hydrolyzes proline‐containing peptides at the carboxy termini of the proline residues. This peptidase has been associated with schizophrenia, bipolar affective disorder, and related neuropsychiatric disorders and might therefore have important clinical implications. Traditional Chinese medicinal (TCM) plants provide a rich source of unexplored compounds for strategies to find novel POP inhibitors, but the traditional methodologies used to identify POP inhibitors could have some limitations when working with natural products: interference with the colorimetric or fluorimetric detection methods commonly used to screen for POP inhibitors can result in the generation of false positives or false negatives. Since NMR screening is less prone to such interference, we decided to explore the use of 19F NMR to screen for POP inhibitors. We synthesized a new 19F‐labeled POP substrate—Z‐Gly‐Pro‐Phe‐4(CF3)‐NH2—and used it to search for new POP inhibitors in TCM plant extracts. We identified several plants with high POP‐inhibitory activity and show here that the combination of 19F NMR and TCM plant extracts is a useful tool for identifying new POP inhibitors.
Lewis Base Catalyzed Mannich‐Type Reactions between Trimethylsilyl Enol Ethers and Aldimines
Authors: Fujisawa Hidehiko , Takahashi Eiki , Mukaiyama Teruaki 
Published: April 2006

AbstractLewis base catalyzed Mannich‐type reaction between trimethylsilyl enol ethers and N‐tosylaldimines is described. Nitrogen anions generated from amides or imides such as lithium benzamide or potassium phthalimide are found to be effective Lewis base catalysts in DMF at room temperature to afford the corresponding β‐amino carbonyl compounds in good to high yields; the oxygen anion generated from carboxylic acids such as lithium acetate was also found to be effective in dry DMF. The above‐mentioned lithium acetate‐catalyzed Mannich‐type reaction between aldimines and various trimethylsilyl (TMS) enol ethers such as silyl ketene acetal proceeded smoothly even in water‐containing DMF. Then, Lewis base catalyzed three‐component Mannich‐type reactions of TMS enol ether, tosylamide, and aromatic aldehyde having electron‐withdrawing group such as p‐nitrobenzaldehyde were investigated. The reaction proceeded smoothly to afford the corresponding β‐amino ester in good yield. Further, ammonium carboxylates such as tetrabutyl ammonium acetate or tetrabutyl ammonium benzoate were found to be more effective Lewis base catalysts in the above‐mentioned Mannich‐type reaction. The synthesis proceeded in various solvents at lower temperatures. The reaction between aldimines and TMS enol ethers generated from thioester and various ketones such as propiophenone or cyclohexanone also proceeded smoothly to afford the corresponding β‐amino carbonyl compounds in high yields with good to high anti‐selectivities.
Catalytic Allylic Alkylation via the Cross‐Dehydrogenative‐Coupling Reaction Between Allylic sp3 C—H and Methylenic sp3 C—H Bonds.
Authors: Li Zhiping , Li Chao‐Jun 
Published: April 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A New and Efficient Method for the Trifluoromethylation of Carbonyl Compounds with Trifluoromethyltrimethylsilane in DMSO.
Authors: Iwanami Katsuyuki , Oriyama Takeshi 
Published: April 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Revisiting a Classic Approach to the Aspidosperma Alkaloids: An Intramolecular Schmidt Reaction Mediated Synthesis of (+)‐Aspidospermidine.
Authors: Iyengar Rajesh , Schildknegt Klaas , Morton Martha , Aube Jeffrey 
Published: April 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Bimetallic Oxidation Catalysts: Hydrogen Peroxide Generation and Its Use in Hydrocarbon Oxidation
Authors: Remias Joseph E. , Sen Ayusman 
Published: April 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
High‐Zirconium‐Content Nano‐Sized Bimodal Mesoporous Silicas
Authors: Ortiz de Zárate David , Gómez‐Moratalla Andrés , Guillem Carmen , Beltrán Aurelio , Latorre Julio , Beltrán Daniel , Amorós Pedro 
Published: April 2006

AbstractSilica‐based nanoparticulated bimodal mesoporous materials with high Zr content (43 ≥ Si/Zr ≥ 4) have been synthesized by a one‐pot surfactant‐assisted procedure from a hydroalcoholic medium using a cationic surfactant (CTMABr = cetyltrimethylammonium bromide) as structure‐directing agent, and starting from molecular atrane complexes of Zr and Si as hydrolytic inorganic precursors. This preparative technique allows optimization of the dispersion of the Zr guest species in the silica walls. The bimodal mesoporous nature of the final high surface area nano‐sized materials is confirmed by XRD, TEM, and N2 adsorption–desorption isotherms. The small intraparticle mesopore system (with pore sizes around 2–3 nm) is due to the supramolecular templating effect of the surfactant, while the large mesopores (around 12–24 nm) have their origin in the packing voids generated by aggregation of the primary nanometric mesoporous particles. The basicity of the reaction medium seems to be a key parameter in the definition of this last pore system. The effects induced by the progressive incorporation of Zr atoms on the mesostructure have been examined, and the local environment of the Zr sites in the framework has been investigated by UV/Vis spectroscopy. Observations based on the consequences of post‐treatments of the as‐synthesized materials with HCl/ethanol mixtures corroborate that the atrane method leads to Zr‐rich materials showing enhanced site accessibility and high chemical homogeneity throughout the pore walls. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
Thyroid MALT lymphoma in patients with a compressive goiter
Authors: Earnest Lisa M. , Cooper David S. , Sciubba James J. , Tufano Ralph P. 
Published: April 2006

AbstractBackground.Mucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphomas account for less than 1% of all primary thyroid malignancies. They typically arise as neoplastic transformations within areas of autoimmune thyroiditis. Although they tend to have an indolent course, these lymphomas present a diagnostic challenge requiring a high level of suspicion in patients at increased risk of development.Methods.We retrospectively reviewed 3 cases of primary MALT thyroid lymphoma discovered in patients with a compressive goiter. This represents the experience at a single institution from 1996 to 2005. Hospital and clinic records were reviewed to identify the workup, treatment, and outcome.Results.One of 3 patients underwent preoperative fine‐needle aspiration (FNA). All patients underwent total thyroidectomy to relieve compressive symptoms, and the final pathology revealed MALT lymphoma. Two patients subsequently underwent radiation therapy. All patients are alive without evidence of disease recurrence.Conclusions.These cases are notable for the unexpected presentation of MALT lymphoma within a compressive goiter. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2006