bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cultivated sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) has lower tolerance of moderate drought stress than its con‐specific wild relative, but the underlying traits remain elusive
Authors: Tran Vivian H. , Nolting Kristen M. , Donovan Lisa A. , Temme Andries A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCultivated crops are generally expected to have less abiotic stress tolerance than their wild relatives. However, this assumption is not well supported by empirical literature and may depend on the type of stress and how it is imposed, as well as the measure of tolerance being used. Here, we investigated whether wild and cultivated accessions of Helianthus annuus differed in stress tolerance assessed as proportional decline in biomass due to drought and whether wild and cultivated accessions differed in trait responses to drought and trait associations with tolerance. In a greenhouse study, H. annuus accessions in the two domestication classes (eight cultivated and eight wild accessions) received two treatments: a well‐watered control and a moderate drought implemented as a dry down followed by maintenance at a predetermined soil moisture level with automated irrigation. Treatments were imposed at the seedling stage, and plants were harvested after 2 weeks of treatment. The proportional biomass decline in response to drought was 24% for cultivated H. annuus accessions but was not significant for the wild accessions. Thus, using the metric of proportional biomass decline, the cultivated accessions had less drought tolerance. Among accessions, there was no tradeoff between drought tolerance and vigor assessed as biomass in the control treatment. In a multivariate analysis, wild and cultivated accessions did not differ from each other or in response to drought for a subset of morphological, physiological, and allocational traits. Analyzed individually, traits varied in response to drought in wild and/or cultivated accessions, including declines in specific leaf area, leaf theoretical maximum stomatal conductance (gsmax), and stomatal pore length, but there was no treatment response for stomatal density, succulence, or the ability to osmotically adjust. Focusing on traits associations with tolerance, plasticity in gsmax was the most interesting because its association with tolerance differed by domestication class (although the effects were relatively weak) and thus might contribute to lower tolerance of cultivated sunflower. Our H. annuus results support the expectation that stress tolerance is lower in crops than wild relatives under some conditions. However, determining the key traits that underpin differences in moderate drought tolerance between wild and cultivated H. annuus remains elusive.
Drone‐based imaging sensors, techniques, and applications in plant phenotyping for crop breeding: A comprehensive review
Authors: Gano Boubacar , Bhadra Sourav , Vilbig Justin M. , Ahmed Nurzaman , Sagan Vasit , Shakoor Nadia 
Published: April 2024

AbstractOver the last decade, the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for plant phenotyping and field crop monitoring has significantly evolved and expanded. These technologies have been particularly valuable for monitoring crop growth and health and for managing abiotic and biotic stresses such as drought, fertilization deficiencies, disease, and bioaggressors. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the progress in UAV‐based plant phenotyping, with a focus on the current use and application of drone technology to gain information on plant growth, development, adaptation, and yield. We reviewed over 200 research articles and discuss the best tools and methodologies for different research purposes, the challenges that need to be overcome, and the major research gaps that remain. First, the review offers a critical focus on elucidating the distinct characteristics of UAV platforms, highlighting the diverse sensor technologies employed and shedding light on the nuances of UAV data acquisition and processing methodologies. Second, it presents a comprehensive analysis of the multiple applications of UAVs in field phenotyping, underscoring the transformative potential of integrating machine learning techniques for plant analysis. Third, it delves into the realm of machine learning applications for plant phenotyping, emphasizing its role in enhancing data analysis and interpretation. Furthermore, the paper extensively examines the open issues and research challenges within the domain, addressing the complexities and limitations faced during data acquisition, processing, and interpretation. Finally, it outlines the future trends and emerging technologies in the field of UAV‐based plant phenotyping, paving the way for innovative advancements and methodologies.
Dynamical System Approach and Thermodynamical Perspective of Hořava‐Lifshitz Gravity
Authors: Samaddar Amit , Singh S. Surendra 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe authors have examined a Friedmann Robertson Walker cosmological model in Hořava‐Lifshitz gravity by using a dynamical system approach. A set of autonomous equations is derived and their solutions are calculated. The critical points from these equations and find the characteristics values with the analysis of the physical interpretation of the phase space for this system are assessed. Three stable critical points are found and the values of the physical parameters and the scale factor's expressions at each critical points are displayed in Tables 1, 2, and 3. A hybrid scale factor to develop the model, which results in a phase transition from deceleration to acceleration is used. The suitable values of the parameters are governed by applying the Monte Chain Monte Carlo method technique to the Hubble 46 and joint Hubble 46 and Baryon Acoustic Oscillations 15 datasets. In contrast to the negative behavior of pressure, the positive behavior of energy density and illustrate the Universe's acceleration epoch and the model is represented by the EoS parameter . The authors investigated that the energy conditions and their model violates the strong energy condition. Utilizing diagnostic test, it is found that the model represents phantom behavior. The thermodynamical perspective for the model is also examined. The model accurately explained the Universe's propagation history and fits well with contemporary cosmic data.
Bacillus‐derived consortium enhances Ginkgo biloba's health and resistance to Alternaria tenuissima
Authors: Ji Shida , Liu Bin , Han Jing , Kong Ning , Yang Yongfeng , Zhang Jianxia , Wang Yucheng , Liu Zhihua 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDBacillus, as a plant–growth‐promoting rhizobacteria, can enhance the resistance of plants to phytopathogens. In our study, Bacillus strains showing excellent biocontrol were screened and used to control ginkgo leaf blight (Alternaria tenuissima).RESULTSFour biocontrol Bacillus strains—Bsa537, Bam337, Bso544, and Bsu503—were selected from 286 isolates based on their capacity to inhibit pathogens and promote plant growth. The four Bacillus strains significantly improved the resistance of ginkgo to leaf blight. This was especially the case when the four strains were used as a mixture, which contributed to a decrease in lesion area of >40%. Hence, a mixture of Bacillus strains was used to control ginkgo leaf blight in the field. Treatment efficiency varied from 30% to 100% (average 81.5%) and was higher than that of the control (−2% to −18%, average − 8.5%); the antioxidant capacity of the treated ginkgo was also stronger. In addition, ginkgo biomass increased as a result of treatment with the Bacillus mixture, including leaf weight, area, thickness, number of lateral roots and root weight. Furthermore, the Bacillus mixture improved the ginkgo rhizosphere soil by boosting the number of beneficial microorganisms, lowering the number of pathogens and hastening soil catabolism.CONCLUSIONThe Bacillus mixture improved the health status of ginkgo by protecting it from pathogen attack, promoting its growth and improving the microorganism community in the rhizosphere. This work closes a technological gap in the biological control of ginkgo leaf blight, investigates application methods for compound Bacillus biofertilizers and establishes a framework for the popularity and commercialization of these products. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Rhizospheric microbiota of suppressive soil protect plants against Fusarium solani infection
Authors: Li Baolong , Yang Ping , Feng Yali , Du Chenyang , Qi Gaofu , Zhao Xiuyun 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDFusarium infection has caused huge economic losses in many crops. The study aimed to compare the microbial community of suppressive and conducive soils and relate to the reduction of Fusarium wilt.RESULTSHigh‐throughput sequencing and microbial network analysis were used to investigate the differences in the rhizosphere microbiota of the suppressive and conducive soils and to identify the beneficial keystone taxa. Plant pathogens were enriched in the conducive soil. Potential plant‐beneficial microorganisms and antagonistic microorganisms were enriched in the suppressive soil. More positive interactions and keystone taxa existed in the suppressive soil network. Thirty‐nine and 16 keystone taxa were identified in the suppressive and conducive soil networks, respectively. Sixteen fungal strains and 168 bacterial strains were isolated from suppressive soil, some of which exhibited plant growth‐promotion traits. Thirty‐nine bacterial strains and 10 fungal strains showed antagonistic activity against F. solani. Keystone taxa Bacillus and Trichoderma exhibited high antifungal activity. Lipopeptides produced by Bacillus sp. RB150 and chitinase from Trichoderma spp. inhibited the growth of F. solani. Microbial consortium I (Bacillus sp. RB150, Pseudomonas sp. RB70 and Trichoderma asperellum RF10) and II (Bacillus sp. RB196, Bacillus sp. RB150 and T. asperellum RF10) effectively controlled root rot disease, the spore number of F. solani was reduced by 94.2% and 83.3%.CONCLUSIONRhizospheric microbiota of suppressive soil protects plants against F. solani infection. Antagonistic microorganisms in suppressive soil inhibit pathogen growth and infection. Microbial consortia consisted of keystone taxa well control root rot disease. These findings help control Fusarium wilt. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Implementation of PID controller and enhanced red deer algorithm in optimal path planning of substation inspection robots
Authors: Tang Zhuozhen , Xue Bin , Ma Hongzhong , Rad Ahmad 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn contemporary power transmission systems, substation monitoring stands as a vital but challenging task. While robotics offers promise in this regard, its potential is still nascent, struggling to replicate human intelligence. This article's core aim was to optimize robot path planning (RPP). Employing the enhanced red deer algorithm (ERDA), we sought to bolster RPP for more efficient substation inspections. The key methods used seem to be modeling, experimentation, comparative analysis, and some elements of data benchmarking to systematically evaluate and validate their proposed technique and models both in simulation and the real world. Research aims to enhance substation inspection effectiveness and bolster the safety of power usage in society. Proposed hybrid approach, combining proportional–integral–derivative (PID) with ERDA (PID–ERDA), underpins an Intelligent Intelligent RPP framework tailored to substation inspections. Examining the PID–ERDA model's performance, it significantly improved path length by 18%–29% and reduced response times by 14%–26% compared with PID or ERDA alone. PID–ERDA consistently achieved optimal solutions in 40–60 trials out of 85, while PID and ERDA managed 20–40 trials with inconsistent optimization. Additionally, it reduced average response times to 17–20 s from 21 to 27 s observed when using PID and ERDA separately. PID–ERDA also demonstrated superior path accuracy, surpassing methods like improved adaptive control algorithm‐feedforward neural network, enhanced unified algorithm‐susceptible‐infected‐removed, and bounded behavior‐particle swarm optimization by 7%–13%. The study affirms that the PID–ERDA model significantly enhances path planning for substation inspections, representing a milestone in RPP for power station inspections within modern power transmission systems. The primary contribution of this research is the significant improvement it brings to RPP for power station inspections, especially in substation monitoring within modern power transmission systems.
Plants and river morphodynamics: The emergence of fluvial biogeomorphology
Authors: Gurnell A. M. , Bertoldi W. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this article, we track the evolution of fluvial biogeomorphology from the middle of the 20th century to the present. We consider the emergence of fluvial biogeomorphology as an interdisciplinary research area that integrates knowledge drawn primarily from fluvial geomorphology and plant ecology, but with inputs from hydrology and landscape ecology. We start by assembling evidence for the emergence of the field of fluvial biogeomorphology with a keyword search of the Web of Science and a detailed analysis of papers published in two scientific journals: a geomorphology journal—Earth Surface Processes and Landforms; a multidisciplinary river science journal—River Research and Applications. Based on this evidence, we identify three distinct time periods in the development of fluvial biogeomorphology: the ‘early years’ before 1990; the transitional decade of the 1990s; and the period of rapid expansion and diversification in themes, methods and investigation scales since 2000. Because the literature is vast, we can only summarize developments in each of these time periods, but we refer to recent in‐depth reviews and conceptual perspectives on relevant topics. Thus, rather than a full and deep review, we present an annotated bibliographic overview of the development of fluvial biogeomorphology, whereby the text describes broad trends but is supported by tables of citations that can deliver greater detail. We end with a brief consideration of likely future developments.
Speculative Capture: Literacy after Platformization
Authors: Nichols T. Philip , Thrall Alexandra , Quiros Julian , Dixon‐Román Ezekiel 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACTThis conceptual article examines the role of speculation in driving responses to generative AI platforms in literacy education and the implications for research, pedagogy, and practice. Our focus on “speculation” encompasses two meanings of the term – each of which has inspired lively lines of inquiry in literacy studies and transdisciplinary research on artificial intelligence, respectively. In the first sense, literacy scholars have recognized literacy education as a speculative project – one characterized by the cultivation of particular reading and writing practices in order to prefigure different imagined social futures. In the second sense, scholars of media and computational cultural studies have theorized a different kind of speculative logic that underwrites the design and functioning of AI platforms – one characterized by extrapolative prediction and algorithmic reasoning. Investigating the evolving relationship between these modes of speculation, we argue that the former has allowed literacy education to be uniquely susceptible to the influence of the latter; and likewise, that the latter exerts its influence in ways that remake the former in its image. We theorize this relation as a process of speculative capture, and we highlight its stakes for equitable literacy education. We then conclude by providing provocations for researchers and teachers that may be of use in preempting the collapse of these speculative formations into one another; and perhaps, in mobilizing a conception of the speculative that works productively toward alternative ethico‐political ends.
Influence of barrens restoration treatments on soil carbon, nitrogen, and mercury pools and emissions
Authors: Kolka R. K. , Quigley K. M. , Miesel J. R. , Dickinson M. B. , Sturtevant B. R. , Kern C. C. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCurrently barrens communities only represent about 1% of their original area in the Great Lakes region. To maintain or restore barrens vegetation, prescribed fire is often applied to limit the regeneration of undesirable species and shrubs. Vegetation community response is a combination of direct fire effects on the vegetation vitality and the indirect effect of soil nitrogen (N) loss that favors nutrient‐poor adapted barren communities. In this study, we assessed forest floor and upper mineral soil (0–5 cm) pools of carbon (C), N, and mercury (Hg) before and after prescribed fire of the Moquah Barrens in northwest Wisconsin. Although we took measurements in four distinct cover types, we found no relationship between cover type and soil pools. Across all cover types, prescribed fire led to considerable emissions of C, N, and Hg in the forest floor but only Hg in the upper mineral soils (0–5 cm), presumably because maximum fire temperatures were met for Hg volatilization. We classified fire severity and soil surface temperatures at the quadrat scale, but no discernable relationships with emissions were observed. The lack of detectable relationships is likely the result of a mismatch between the scales of response variables and predictors. As a result, we calculated ecosystem‐scale fire emissions based on the total area burned because we could not discern other smaller scale predictors. Overall emissions from dormant, spring season prescribed fires at the Moquah Barrens were approximately 11,000 Mg (5.5 Mg ha−1) for C, 350 Mg for N (0.17 Mg ha−1), and 4,500 g for Hg (2.3 g ha−1).
Greening African economies: Investigating the role of financial development, green investments, and institutional quality
Authors: Antwi Frank , Kong Yusheng , Donkor Mary 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the impact of financial development (FD) and green investments (GIs) on environmental pollution in Eastern and Southern African countries from 1990 to 2020. The research not only investigates the direct impacts of FD and green finance on environmental pollution but also examines the moderating role of institutional quality (IQ) and possible nonlinear effects of FD and green finance. Our analysis from the Panel autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) long‐run PMG reveals a negative association between FD, green investment, and environmental pollution, indicating that a well‐developed financial sector supports sustainable initiatives, leading to improved environmental outcomes. IQ moderates this relationship, with strong governance enhancing the positive effects of FD and green finance on environmental preservation. Interestingly, the study identifies nonlinear impacts, suggesting that beyond a certain threshold, the contributions of FD and GIs to environmental preservation may diminish. Recognizing these nonlinearities and the role of IQ can inform more targeted policies for maximizing efforts toward environmental conservation in African economies.
Psychological approaches to sustainability: Implementing intervention model for sustainable development in physical education
Authors: Baena‐Morales Salvador , Vásquez‐Echeverría Alejandro , Gavilán‐Martín Diego , González‐Villora Sixto 
Published: April 2024

AbstractOne of the pending challenges facing Education for Sustainable Development is to change students' behavior in favor of sustainability so that these are lasting and even transferable to other people. This study analyzes how various psychological factors, including motivation, attitudes, beliefs and emotions, can be channeled to enhance social and ecological awareness through education. This paper presents an innovative approach to Sustainable Development (SD) in education, focusing on Physical Education. It highlights the intersection of Psychology, education and sustainability, showing how the first two can contribute significantly to lasting changes in students' behavior. Based on this, the Intervention Model for Sustainable Development in Physical Education (PESDIM), which combines psychological theories with specific educational strategies, is presented. In this model, which can be replicated in other educational disciplines, psychological theories are based on social interaction and norms, identity construction, motivation, beliefs and individual efficacy to improve awareness of sustainable development. The paper highlights the need for a holistic and practical approach to sustainability education in general and Physical Education in particular, stresses the importance of psychology and advocates for an educational transformation that holistically integrates sustainability into teaching methods and objectives.
Biosynthesized Metallic Nanoarchitecture for Photocatalytic Degradation of Emerging Organochlorine and Organophosphate Pollutants: A Review
Authors: Emmanuel Stephen Sunday , Idris Mustapha Omenesa , Olawoyin Christopher Olusola , Adesibikan Ademidun Adeola , Aliyu Abdulbasit A , Suleiman Abdulrahman Itopa 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe use of efficacious and cost‐effective pesticides (OP and OC) has undoubtedly proven to be a blessing and a baron because these pesticides are safeguarding the world from food insecurity. Unfortunately, their presence in aquatic bodies brings about an upsurge in water pollution. Amazingly, the photocatalytic degradation approach utilizing biogenic nanoparticles (BNPs) is a trendy state‐of‐the‐art approach and has been established to be a sustainable methodology for the complete mineralization of contaminants into harmless molecules. Thus, this work holistically explores the use of BNPs for photocatalytic degradation of OP and OC. Based on the review, it was found that the least amount of time needed for degradation was less than 5 minutes, while the maximum degradation efficiency was >80 %. The dominant radicals participating in the degradation are ⋅OH and O2⋅ and this radical dominance was enhanced by the oxygenated functional groups present in the biogenic entities employed for the biosynthesis of BNPs. The photocatalytic degradation data fits the pseudo‐first‐order and Langmuir isotherm models (R2 > 0.9), which indicates that the main adsorption mechanisms involved during electron‐hole pair formation and photocatalytic degradation are physisorption and monolayer at the surface of the BNPs. BNPs can sustain a >80 % degradation efficiency for approximately 5 cycles and are reusable for up to 8 cycles. It was also revealed that plants constitute 80 % of the engaged biogenic entities for BNP synthesis. Ultimately, this work offers novel avenues and future research hotspots that might accelerate the use of BNPs for sustainable agricultural and wastewater management practices.