bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Action of Hydrogen Bromide and Oxygen on Various Ethenoid Compounds. II
Authors: Takahasi Makoto 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
(1) The reaction of diphenylethylene, atropic acid, and styrene with the mixture of hydrogen bromide and oxygen were studied. In the case of diphenylethylene, diphenylbromomethane, ω-bromoacetophenone, diphenylethylene dibromide, phenol and carbon dioxide were obtained as reaction products. A reaction mechanism was proposed to explain how these compounds were produced.
(2) In the case of atropic acid, a large amount of α-hydroxy-β-bromohydratopic acid and a small amount of ω,ω-dibromoaceto phenone and of carbon dioxide were obtained. A consideration on the mechanism of the formation of these products was given on the basis of the identified products and their semiquantitative estimation.
(3) Addition of hydrogen bromide to atropic was carried out under various conditions. No reversal of the direction of addition of hydrogen bromide was observed contrary to the previous reference.
(4) The reaction of styrene with the mixture of hydrogen bromide and oxygen added an example yielding a phenolic substance ia the reaction.
Studies on Antibiotics and Related Substances. III. Oxazolidines Derived from Some α-Hydroxy Schiff Bases and a Synthesis of Dl-threo-1-p-Nitrophenyl-2-amino-1,3-propanediol
Authors: Suami Tetsuo , Umezawa Sumio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1) When Erlenmeyer’s β-phenylserine ethyl ester was reduced with Raney nickel catalyst, Dl-threo-1-phenyl-2-benzylideneamino-1, 3-propanediol (a Schiff base) was obtained as a main product. The structure was demonstrated by means of its infrared and ultraviolet absorption spectra.
2) It was found that Dl-threo-1-phenyl-2-benzylideneamino-1, 3-propanediol gave Dl-threo-N-acetyl-2-phenyl-4-(α-hydroxybenzyl) oxazolidine on acetylation with acetic anhydride.
3) The condensation products of Dl-threo-1-phenyl-2-amino-1, 3-propanediol and Dl-threo-1-p-nitrophenyl-2-amino-1, 3-propanediol with benzaldehyde, o-, m- and p-nitrobenzaldehyde were prepared and acetylated to give corresponding oxazolidine derivatives, which failed to hydrolyze under Kunz’s conditions. Infrared and ultraviolet absorption spectra of some of these compounds were observed. Acetylated derivatives failed to show the characteristic absorption of (Remark: Graphics omitted.) bond in the 1660–1610 cm−1 region.
4) Dl-Chloramphenicol was synthesized from Dl-threo-N-acetyl-2-phenyl-4-(α-hydroxybenzyl)oxazolidine.
Studies on Antibiotics and Related Substances. IV. Synthesis of Dl-threo-β-Cyclohexylserine and Dl-threo-2-Dichloroacetamido-1-cyclohexylpropane-1,3-diol
Authors: Umezawa Sumio , Oguma Yoshihisa 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
(1) When the N-acetyl ethyl ester of Erlenmeyer’s phenylserine was reduced with hydrogen over Raney nickel catalyst, ethyl Dl-threo-N-acetyl-β-cyclohexylserinate was obtained in crude yields as high as 86.8 %. Subsequent hydrolysis with dilute hydrochloric acid afforded Dl-threo-β-cyclohexylserine, which gave hexahydrobenzaldehyde by periodate oxidation.
(2) Raney nickel reduction of ethyl Dl-threo-β-cyclohexyl-serinate afforded Dl-threo-2-amino-1-cyclohexylpropane-1, 3-diol. The aminoalcohol was converted into Dl-threo-2-dichloroacetamido-1-cyclohexylpropane-1,3-diol, a chloramphenicol analogue.
ON THE OXIDATION OF FERROUS HYDROXIDE IN SODIUM HYDROXIDE SOLUTION BY MEANS OF AIR
Authors: Miyamoto Susumu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
(1) The velocity of the oxidation of ferrous hydroxide by means of air was studied. The rate of the oxidation was independent of the quantity of ferrous hydroxide present in the reacting vessel, and the values of the velocity constants were almost the same as those of the velocity constants of the oxidation of sodium sulphite or stannous hydroxide under the same conditions.
(2) The effect of temperature was small.
(3) Sodium hydroxide decreases the velocity of the oxidation, the mechanism of which will be explained by the considerations that the oxidation velocity thus measured is no other than the dissolution velocity of oxygen under the conditions above described, and that sodium hydroxide decreases the dissolution velocity of oxygen into the solution.
ELECTRODE POTENTIAL OF NICKEL. PART II. EFFECT OF OCCLUDED HYDROGEN ON THE ELECTRODE POTENTIAL OF NICKEL
Authors: Murata Kwanji 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1. A prolonged cathodic polarization of the nickel electrode in dilute acid and in an atmosphere of hydrogen did not cause any increse, but rather a slight decrease in the initial value of the electromotive force of the cell, Ni | SiSO4 (0.05 M.) | KCl (0.1 N.), Hg2CL2| Hg. The effect of hydrogen produced in the metals of the iron group by cathodic polarization, i.e. of making the metals less noble as found by previous investigators, was not be repeated in the case of reduced nickel powder. The slight diminution in the initial value of the electromotive force is supposed that it may be the effect of a trace of the free acid which might have remained in the cell, owing to the difficulty of the replacing it.
2. The potentials of the nickel electrode in an atmosphere of nitrogen, and of nitrogen mixed with a little hydrogen were measured. As a result of these series of experiments the conclusion is reached that the occluded hydrogen in nickel has no effect upon the true electrode potential. But, it was observed that in the case of an electrode which has been once affected by oxygen, the effect of hydrogen is very remarkable, and. the electrode returns to its active state even at a low temperature.
3. For the measurement of the potential of nickel electrode, the complete exclusion of oxygen is the essential requirement.
CRYOSCOPIC STUDIES ON THE TRANSITION POINTS OF THE COMPOUNDS OF ORGANIC SOLVENTS WITH SALTS. I
Authors: Osaka Hajime 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1. The lowering of the transition point, at which NaI·3CH3COCH3 loses acetone, by the dissolution of foreign substances has been studied and the molecular depression referred to 100 gr. of acetone has been determined as 24.0. The transition point has been also determined as 25.5°C. The method may be regarded as the cryoscopy using acetone with an artificially elevated melting point and can be used practically for the molecular weight determination.
2. A similar study has been carried out with HgCl2·CH3COCH3. The molecular depression has been determined as 24 and the transition point as 20.7°C. This system shows, however, some inaccuracy so that it can hardly be applied to the practical cryoscopy.
The writer wishes to express his hearty gratitude to Prof. M. Katayama, under whose kind guidance this work has been carried out.
ON THE OXIDATION OF SODIUM SULPHITE IN SODIUM CARBONATE SOLUTION WITH AIR
Authors: Miyamoto Susumu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
(1) The oxidation velocity of sodium sulphite in sodium carbonate solution of various concentrations was observed. The oxidation velocity was independent of the concentration of sodium sulphite under the condition of the present experiment, and the velocity constant was expressed as a linear function of the concentration of sodium carbonate approximately, when CNa2CO3 is greater than about 0.02 normal.
(2) The effect of temperature was small.
(3) The dissolution velocity of oxygen into sodium carbonate solution of various concentrations was obtained indirectly.
ON THE OXIDATION OF THE MIXTURE OF STANNOUS HYDROXIDE AND SODIUM SULPHITE IN SODIUM CARBONATE SOLUTION WITH AIR
Authors: Miyamoto Susumu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1. The oxidation of the mixture of sodium sulphite and stannous hydroxide in sodium carbonate solution was studied.
2. It was observed that the reaction is an example of negative induced reaction; the oxidation of stannous hydroxide has an inhibiting action on the oxidation of sodium sulphite.
3. The mechanism of the reaction was discussed.
Adsorption of Hydrogen on Copper-Magnesia Catalysts
Authors: Takeuchi Toyosaburo , Sakaguchi Masakazu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
(1) The adsorption of hydrogen on a copper catalyst containing 1% magnesia sintered at various temperatures has been investigated at 100° and 160°C, and compared with that on copper alone. The addition of magnesia increases markedly both the surface area and the rate of adsorption. The latter increase, however, is far beyond the increase in surface area.
(2) The hydrogen adsorption per unit area of the copper magnesia catalyst is less than that on pure copper, and decreases with increasing heat treatment. The adsorption of hydrogen on magnesia powder is immeasurably small. The heat curves on differently heated catalysts do not agree with each other, but approximately do so if the effective area for hydrogen adsorption is taken into consideration. The adsorption heat for a low coverage is certainly greater on the magnesia added copper than on copper alone.
(3) By aid of the electron diffraction study, it is concluded that the magnesia in the catalysts exists on the surface and forms microcrystal particles. Presumably, copper in the magnesia added catalyst is modified by the oxygen of the magnesia and irregular defects are formed on the surface in the presence of magnesia.
Photochemical Reactions between Methylene Blue and Tri-, Di- and Monomethylamine. II
Authors: Obata Hiroshi , Koizumi Masao 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The effects of various factors upon the photobleaching of methylene blue in the evacuated aqueous solution by means of mono-, di- and trimethylamine, were studied experimentally, and the result were analyzed by the rate formula presented in the preceding paper on the basis of the following scheme;
(Remark: Graphics omitted.)
The results obtained can be summarized as follows: k1 is written in the form; k1=k10[OH−][TA]I0. k2 and k3 are also proportional to [OH−] and they both increase monotonously with the light intensity and amine concentration.
In addition, the photobleaching was examined in the presence of Fe+++ and Cu−−. It was found that in the case of Fe+++, k3 is much decreased while k1 and k2 are scarcely affected. The absorption spectra of the intermediate were observed more prominently than when no Fe+++ was present. From these results it was concluded that Fe+++ stabilizes the intermediate. In case of Cu++ some induction period was observed during which Cu precipitates, and its duration was found to be proportional to the concentration of Cu++. From these results it was tentatively concluded that Cu++ attacks the intermediate.
The Surface of Copper-Nickel Catalyst. II. Adsorption of Hydrogen on Copper, Nickel, and Copper-Nickel Catalysts
Authors: Takeuchi Toyosaburo , Sakaguchi Masakazu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
(1) The adsorption of hydrogen on copper, nickel and copper-nickel (containing 1% nickel) catalysts, prepared from the nitrates of copper and nickel were observed in the range of 100° to 130° or 120°C.
(2) The shrinkage of surface with increase of reduction temperature was smaller for copper-nickel catalyst than for pure copper catalyst.
(3) The rates of adsorption of hydrogen on copper and copper-nickel catalysts were far smaller than that of nickel; and the adsorption amount per unit area was the greatest for copper-nickel catalyst, while that of nickel catalyst was the smallest among the three.
(4) The differential heats of adsorption of hydrogen at near zero coverage were given as 10.6kcal. both for copper and copper-nickel catalysts, and 24.2kcal. for nickel catalyst.
(5) On the basis of the coincidence of the adsorption heats of copper and copper-nickel catalyst, it is suggested that the nickel paarticles supposed to exist on the surface of the copper-nickel catalyst may be covered with copper atoms.
Chemical Studies on Wood Hemicelluloses. I. On the Hemicellulose of Japanese Beech Wood. I
Authors: Machida Seishi , Inano Mitsumasa , Matsumura Yasuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1. A suitable method of analysing wood hemicelluloses by paper chromatography was studied.
2. The behavior of hemicellulose in Japanese beech wood (Fagus crenata Blume) during the chemical pulping processes was studied; the state of the hemicelluloses in wood pulp was investigated.
The Separation of α-Glycerophosphoric Acid from its β-Isomer by Paper Chromatography
Authors: Urakami Chieko , Kakutani Yoshiko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The behaviors of α- and β-glycerophosphoric acids, their alkaline metal and ammonium salts on alumina impregnated paper, developed with a mixed solvent of methanol and ammonia (60:5), have been described. It has been demonstrated that a mixture of the sodium salts of the two acids may be completely separated in this way without hydrolysis or migration of the phosphoryl group. The method also affords a distinct separation of α-glycerophosphoric acid from a mixture of the inorganic phosphates, the β-glycerophosphates, and the glucose 1- and 6-phosphates; and also of the β-glycerophosphates from a mixture of the inorganic phosphates, the glucose 1-and 6-phosphates. The mechanisms possibly involved have been discussed.
Dipole Moment and Bond Character of Propargyl Halides and Mono- and Di-chlorobutynes
Authors: Chiba Takehiko , Shimozawa Takashi , Miyagawa Ichiro , Morino Yonezo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The dipole moments of propargyl chloride, bromide and monochlorobutyne in the gaseous state are measured to be 1.65D,1.52D and 2.17D respectively. The moment of propargyl chloride and bromide are considerably smaller than the saturated one even though the correction of C≡C—C skeletal moment is taken into account. This is consistent with the —CH2Cl group moment of dichlorobutyne obtained in the preceding work. These results are inconsistent with the resonance scheme presented by Pauling et al. for propargyl halide. The anomaly is considered as a characteristic feature of the molecules having triple bonds of this kind. By taking all of the moments of dichloro- and monochlorobutynes and propargyl chloride into account, the bond moments, the induction moments and the direction of the resultants, are predicted as shown in Fig. 1.
Studies on the Dipole Moments of Acenaphthene and its Derivatives
Authors: Ishiguro Tetsuro , Chiba Takehiko , Gotoh Nobuyuki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The dipole moment of acenaphthene (I) was measured in the gaseous phase as 0.93D. Measurement in benzene solution at 25°C gave the following moment values: acenaphthene (I) 0.85D; 5-chloroacenaphthene (II) 2.50D ; and 5,6-dichloroacenaphthene (III) 3.85D. By the comparison with the moments of naphthalene derivatives it was shown that the moments of (II) and (III) are approximately equal to the sums of the moment of (I) and the moments arising from one and two C–Cl bonds, respectively.
Hydrogen Exchange and Isotope Effect on the Vinylation of Acetic Acid
Authors: Yamada Noboru 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The mechanism of vinylation reaction of acetic acid was studied by the use of deuterium. The exchange of deuterium was found to occur between acetylene and acetic acid-d on zinc acetate-charcoal catalyst. The deuterium isotope effect of the reaction rate was also found, and the rate ratio, kD/kH, was 1.6 at 160°C. A mechanism of the reaction which contains a pre-equilibrium of intermediate ion formation, CH≡CH+H \ightleftarrows CH2=CH, CH2=CH+CH3COO−→CH2=CH·OCOCH3, was proposed and discussed.
Effects of Mercerization on the Lateral Order Distribution of Cellulose
Authors: Tsuda Yoshizo , Mukoyama Sadataka 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Lateral order distributions of native and mercerized celluloses were compared and then the variation of distribution in the process of mercerization was investigated. It was concluded that mercerization generally induces broadening of distribution, and cotton linters pulp shows almost the same lateral order distribution after mercerization as those of wood pulps. The authors are grateful to Dr. K. Hoshina for permitting this publication.
Studies on the Organic Phosphorescence. IV. Quenching by Inorganic Salts
Authors: Kato Shunji , Kimura Ko , Koizumi Masao 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The effects of the addition of inorganic salts upon trypaflavine-silica gel phosphor were studied, and it was found that decay curves are not affected much by any of the metallic ions except cupric ion. On the contrary, the intensity of pure fluorescence (IL–IP0) was reduced more or less by many metallic ions. From these results, it was concluded that many metallic ions chiefly affect S′-state but not T- and M-state.
The result for cupric chloride was somewhat anomalous on the point that a cupric ion affects both S′- and T-state.
A general survey on the quenching action of various substances upon adsorbed trypaflavine phosphor was given.
Synthesis of dl-Sarkomycin (2-Methylenecyclopentanone-3-carboxylic Acid)
Authors: Toki Katsuyuki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
dl-Sarkomycin (2-methylenecyclopentanone-3-carboxylic acid) was synthesized in a four-stage process starting from ethyl cyclopentanone-3-carboxylate, prepared by Kay’s procedure. Namely, ethyl cyclopentanone-3-carboxylate was converted into ethyl 2-(dialkylaminomethyl)-cyclopentanone-3-carboxylate and thence to ethyl 2-methylenecyclopentanone-3-carboxylate. The ester was hydrolyzed to 2-methylenecyclopentanone-3-carboxylic acid with diluted hydrochloric acid. The final product was a pale yellow oil and was effective in inhibiting the growth of Ehrlich carcinoma of mice.
Coprecipitation of a Trace Amount of Cesium with Thallous Salts
Authors: Yamagata Noboru , Yamagata Toshiko , Watanabe Sadakata 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The possibility of coprecipitation of a trace amount of cesium with various thallous salts has been studied. The following salts were proved to be efficient: dipicrylaminate, cobaltinitrite, chloroplatinate, phosphotungstate and copper ferrocyanide; of those the dipicrylaminate method was recommended.
Only partial coprecipitation of cesium took place with thallous silicotungstate, phosphomolybdate, chloride, bromide, iodide and sulfide.
Carrier-free Separation of Cesium from Fission Products by the Use of Coprecipitation with Thallium (I) Dipicrylaminate
Authors: Yamagata Noboru , Watanabe Sadakata 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A procedure has been presented for the separation of carrier-free cesium from the fission products. The method makes use of coprecipitation with thallium(I) dipicrylaminate followed by solvent extraction with methylisobutyl ketone in the presence of hydrochloric acid and an oxidizing agent. The recovery of active cesium is about 90% and the gross decontamination factor is more than 104.
A Phase Transition Study on the Mercerization of Cellulose
Authors: Tsuda Yoshizo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The phase transition ranges were obtained at 20°C and 45°C for the linters pulp, the sulfate pulp and the sulfite pulp. It was concluded that the resistance of the linters pulp against the mercerization is higher than those of the wood pulp, where as no difference is observed between the sulfate and the sulfite pulp. It was suggested also that the visual estimation of the X-ray diffraction diagrams may transition range.
Microscopic Studies on Fused Catalysts for Ammonia Synthesis. V. Conversion Test with A and B Constituents and Some Studies on “M” Type Crystal
Authors: Osumi Yoshio , Inoue Makoto 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Iron synthetic ammonia catalyst (No. II-4)promoted with aluminium oxide, potassium oxide and calcium oxide was separated magnetically into two different sorts of powder, “A” with magnetite structure and “B” with “M” type structure. As to their catalytic activities for normal and high pressure conversion at temperatures between 400 and 520°C, it was found that “B” was less active than “A” particularly for the low temperature conversion. Some other properties of these powders are as follows:
(1) “B” powder becomes unstable when heated above 1000°C and changes into magnetite. Powder with the lattice structure of “M” type can be synthesized by sintering iron oxide at about 900°C with a sufficient amount of potassium nitrate or hydroxide, but it is completely non-magnetic.
(2) “A” and “B” powder showed almost equal rate of weight decrease when reduced in hydrogen gas or treated with acid solutions.
(3) The BET measurement carried out with “A” and “B” powder reduced in hydrogen revealed that the total specific surface area is almost equal for both “A” and “B” whereas the portion occupied by alkali molecules is larger for “B” powder.
Spectrochemical Study of Microscopic Crystals. XV. Structure and Light Absorption of Bis- (dimethylglyoximato) gold (III) Dichloro-aurate(I)
Authors: Yamada Shoichiro , Tsuchida Ryutaro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Dichroism of [Au(dgH)2][AuCl2] has been determined in the visible and the ultraviolet region by the microscopic method. For the absorption band at about 60−70×1013/sec., absorption has been found to be about four and a half times as strong along the complex plane as along the direction normal to the plane.
From discussion on the result of the dichroism measurement, it has been concluded that the metal-to-metal interaction does not exist between the Au(I) and Au(III) ions in this crystal.
Measurements of the Amounts of Bound Water by Ultrasonic Interferometer. III. Application to Organic Electrolyte
Authors: Ito Koin , Shiio Hazime 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1. The previously introduced theory on the amount of bound water and the compressibility of solute has been tested with the solutions of organic electrolytes.
2. The proposed procedure was found to be satisfactory and gave separately the values of the amount of bound water and the compressibility of solute in each case. These results appear to be proper compared with others.
3. The compressibility of the solute could be neglected in aminoacid solutions by the same reason as in the case of glucose where the solute is of low molecular weight.
4. It is shown that the amount of bound water of gelatin varies very little as pH of solution goes apart from the isoelectric point where the compressibility of gelatin molecule has a minimum value, as had been expected.
Studies on the Organic Reagents for the Inorganic Analysis. I. Phenylfluorone as Sensitive Reagent for Colorimetric Determination of Zirconium
Authors: Kimura Kenjiro , Sano Hirotoshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Methods reported in the literature for the determination of zirconium are generally designed for relatively large amounts of this element, in spite of the fact that a procedure using colorimetric reagent for the determination of trace amounts is desirable. The systematic studies on the organic reagents for the spectrophoto-metric determination of several metals led us the phenylfluorone as one of the most sensitive reagents for the colorimetric determination of zirconium. The phenyl-flurone method recommended here, which is carried out in 0.1 n hydrochloric acid solution, shows the about forty or fifty times sensitivity of Alizarine Red S method and the several times of Quercetin method reported later as a sensitive reagent for zirconium. The solution becomes stable enough to carry on the colorimetric determination by adding some cyclohexanol and ethyl alcohol, although it is not true solution but colloidal.
On the other hand the investigation to find a phenylfluorone derivative to make a soluble complex with metals has succeeded recently. The new reagent, 2,3,7-tri-hydroxyl-9-(4-dimethylaminophenyl)-fluor-one, synthesized by the authors and Miss M. Asada give a soluble colored complex with germanium and make colorimetric procedure very convenient. This new reagent also forms a soluble intense colored complex with zirconium. This detailed investigation will be published before long.