bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of a course‐based mindfulness intervention on college student perfectionism, stress, anxiety, self‐compassion, and social connectedness
Authors: Bearden Anomi G. , Turnbull Blaire , Wallace Carmella , Prosser Steven , Vincent Akeem 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRising perfectionism levels within post‐secondary students could be one reason for students' challenges with adaptation to post‐secondary. Recent research has suggested mindfulness‐based interventions may be a promising avenue for mitigating high perfectionism, in addition to improving emotional and social well‐being. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of 8 weeks of a mindfulness course on post‐secondary students (compared to a non‐meditating control group). Variables of interest were mindfulness, multidimensional perfectionism (self‐oriented, other‐oriented, and socially prescribed types), stress, anxiety, self‐compassion, and social connectedness. Students self‐enrolled into a mindfulness class offered at a college in Alberta, Canada (n = 15). The experimental sample, aged 18−54 (M = 25.27, SD = 11.47), were 96.7% female. A control group was recruited from first‐ and second‐year psychology classes (n = 30), with ages ranging from 17 to 38 (M = 21.70, SD = 5.36) and 70% identifying as female. Students completed in‐person surveys near the beginning of the term and again after 8 weeks. ANOVAs and linear regression analyses were conducted. In line with previous studies, results indicated that college students practicing mindfulness evidenced lower perfectionism (self‐oriented and other‐oriented types), stress, and anxiety, along with higher mindfulness and self‐compassion. Additionally, interpersonal benefits were revealed as the mindfulness group increased in social connectedness. Perplexing results suggest two routes to social connection, as the control group also showed an increase in social connection, potentially motivated by higher stress and self‐criticism. Findings from the current study are impressive (given the small sample size and the high‐stress time of the term during which post‐test measures were taken) and suggest that integrating mindfulness practices into the curriculum can enhance emotional and social well‐being for postsecondary students.
Teachers' occupational health: A structural model of work‐related stress, depressed mood at work, and organizational commitment
Authors: Ozyildirim Gulnar 
Published: April 2024

AbstractOrganizations, employees, and individuals suffer from adverse outcomes due to a lack of occupational health, impacting everything from organizational performance to psychological and physical health, and they are a prevalent phenomenon for various jobs, including teaching. The aims of the current study are two‐fold: to determine the state of occupational health (i) and its structure among 470 Turkish teachers at all school levels, including 338 female teachers (71.9%) and 132 male teachers (28.1%), specifically in terms of stress, the depressed mood at work, and organizational commitment variables (ii). A structural model for occupational health is developed and examined through the AMOS 22 program. The findings of this study indicate that stress predicts a negative impact on organizational commitment (−0.42), whereas it has a positive effect on depressed mood at work (0.74). Additionally, organizational commitment is shown to have a negative impact on depressed mood at work (−0.15). Overall, policymakers, school administrators, and leaders should prioritize strategies to reduce stress, create a healthier work environment, and address the need for proactive efforts to promote a positive emotional climate that improves teacher occupational health. Additionally, further research should explore the other factors that enable to prevent and reduce depression mood at work.
Potential functionality of Cutibacterium acnes extracellular vesicles in atopic dermatitis and acne vulgaris: A comparative proteomic analysis
Authors: Yu Tianze , Chen Jin , Wu Shi , Jiang Min , Han Ling , Ma Ying 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundCutibacterium acnes is a commensal bacterium residing in healthy skin and plays a critical role in maintaining skin homeostasis. C. acnes has been considered closely related to acne vulgaris, while recent studies suggest that C. acnes and its metabolites may have a protective role in atopic dermatitis (AD) by modulating the immune system and maintaining skin homeostasis. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small membranous vesicles secreted by bacteria that participate in bacteria‐host interactions.MethodsThis study first compared C. acnes EVs from AD lesions (AD‐EVs), acne lesions (Acne‐EVs), and healthy skin (NC‐EVs), using Label‐free quantitative LC‐MS/MS and validated differently expressed proteins by parallel reaction monitoring (PRM). Then Normal Human Epidermal Keratinocytes (NHEK) and human primary keratinocytes (KC) were treated with C. acnes EVs isolated from different groups, and the expressions of inflammatory factors were measured by quantitative real‐time PCR and Western blotting.ResultsCompared with the acne group, the AD group showed greater downregulation of proteins related to energy metabolism and carbon source utilization pathway. Differences in protein profile in AD and acne lesion‐separated C. acnes EVs correspond to the abnormal sebum secretion pattern in both diseases. C. acnes EVs from different groups affected different expressions of Th1 and Th2 inflammatory factors and epidermal barrier markers in NHEK and KC, indicating different immunomodulatory potentials.ConclusionsThis study observed distinct proteomic differences between AD‐EVs and Acne‐EVs, and provided insights into the functional differences of C. acnes EVs in AD and acne.
Bouncing Cosmology in f(R,G)$f(R,\mathcal {G})$ Gravity with Thermodynamic Analysis
Authors: Shaily  , Singh Jainendra Kumar , Singh Akanksha 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe evolution of the universe in a modified gravity theory that includes the terms Ricci scalar () and the Gauss‐Bonnet invariant () is studied. The function is obtained using the e‐folding number and reconstruction technique by assuming an appropriate parameterization of the scale factor . In this model, the various cosmological parameters are analyzed to explicate the bouncing scenario of the universe with the help of the contraction and expansion phases of the universe before and after the bouncing point of the model, respectively. A violation of the null energy condition is found. Additionally, the ghost condensate nature of the model in the neighborhood of the bouncing point () is seen. Furthermore, the deceleration parameter is not defined at the bouncing point, i.e., at and approaches a finite value in later times (). Finally, the evolution of the Hawking temperature and the validity of the second law of thermodynamics in the bouncing scenario of our model are discussed.
NT‐pro‐BNP is predictive of morbidity and mortality after pulmonary thromboendarterectomy and is independent of preoperative hemodynamics
Authors: Keiler Emanuel A. , Kerr Kim M. , Poch David S. , Yang Jenny Z. , Papamatheakis Demosthenes G. , Alotaibi Mona , Bautista Angela , Pretorius Victor G. , Madani Michael M. , Kim Nick H. , Fernandes Timothy M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCurrent predictors of clinical outcomes after pulmonary thromboendarterectomy (PTE) in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) are largely limited to preoperative clinical characteristics. N‐terminal‐pro‐brain natriuretic peptide (NT‐pro‐BNP), a biomarker of right ventricular dysfunction, has not yet been well described as one such predictor. From 2017 to 2021, 816 patients with CTEPH referred to the University of California, San Diego for PTE were reviewed for differences in NT‐pro‐BNP to predict preoperative characteristics and postoperative outcomes up to 30 days post‐PTE. For analysis, NT‐pro‐BNP was dichotomized to less than/equal to or greater than 1000 pg/mL based on the mean of the study population. Mean NT‐pro‐BNP was 1095.9 ±1783.4 pg/mL and median was 402.5 pg/mL (interquartile range: 119.5–1410.8). Of the 816 patients included, 250 had NT‐pro‐BNP > 1000 pg/mL. Those with NT‐pro‐BNP > 1000 pg/mL were significantly more likely to have worse preoperative functional class (III–IV) and worse preoperative hemodynamics. Patients with NT‐pro‐BNP > 1000 pg/mL also tended to have more postoperative complications including reperfusion pulmonary edema (22% vs. 5.1%, p < 0.001), airway hemorrhage (8.4% vs. 4.9%, p = 0.075), residual pulmonary hypertension (11.9% vs. 3.1%, p < 0.001), and 30‐day mortality (4.8% vs. 1.1%, p = 0.001). Even after adjusting for confounders, patients with NT‐pro‐BNP > 1000 pg/mL had a 2.48 times higher odds (95% confidence interval: 1.45–4.00) of reaching a combined endpoint that included the above complications. Preoperative NT‐pro‐BNP > 1000 pg/mL is a strong predictor of more severe preoperative hemodynamics and identifies patients at higher risk for postoperative complications.
Predictors of early mortality after lung transplantation for idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Girgis Reda E. , Manandhar‐Shrestha Nabin K. , Krishnan Sheila , Murphy Edward T. , Loyaga‐Rendon Renzo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractLung transplantation remains an important therapeutic option for idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH), yet short‐term survival is the poorest among the major diagnostic categories. We sought to develop a prediction model for 90‐day mortality using the United Network for Organ Sharing database for adults with IPAH transplanted between 2005 and 2021. Variables with a p value ≤ 0.1 on univariate testing were included in multivariable analysis to derive the best subset model. The cohort comprised 693 subjects, of whom 71 died (10.2%) within 90 days of transplant. Significant independent predictors of early mortality were: extracorporeal circulatory support and/or mechanical ventilation at transplant (OR: 3; CI: 1.4–5), pulmonary artery diastolic pressure (OR: 1.3 per 10 mmHg; CI: 1.07–1.56), forced expiratory volume in the first second percent predicted (OR: 0.8 per 10%; CI: 0.7–0.94), recipient total bilirubin >2 mg/dL (OR: 3; CI: 1.4–7.2) and ischemic time >6 h (OR: 1.7, CI: 1.01–2.86). The predictive model was able to distinguish 25% of the cohort with a mortality of ≥20% from 49% with a mortality of ≤5%. We conclude that recipient variables associated with increasing severity of pulmonary vascular disease, including pretransplant advanced life support, and prolonged ischemic time are important risk factors for 90‐day mortality after lung transplant for IPAH.
Hybrid Quantum Systems with Artificial Atoms in Solid State
Authors: Chia Cleaven , Huang Ding , Leong Victor , Kong Jian Feng , Goh Kuan Eng Johnson 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe development of single‐platform qubits, predominant for most of the last few decades, has driven the progress of quantum information technologies but also highlighted the limitations of various platforms. Some inherent issues, such as charge/spin noise in materials hinder certain platforms, while increased decoherence upon attempts to scale up severely impacts qubit quality and coupling on others. In addition, a universal solution for coherent information transfer between quantum systems remains lacking. By combining one or more qubit platforms, one could potentially create new hybrid platforms that might alleviate significant issues that current single‐platform qubits suffer from, and in some cases, even facilitate the conversion of static to flying qubits on the same hybrid platform. While nascent, this is an area of rising importance that could shed new light on robust and scalable qubit development and provide new impetus for research directions. Here, the requirements for hybrid systems are defined with artificial atoms in the solid state, exemplified with systems that are proposed or attempted, and conclude with the outlook for such hybrid quantum systems.
Nanostructures Originated from Grafting Amino Group Containing Biomolecules on Graphene Oxide
Authors: Ghorbani Mojtaba , Tarlani Aliakbar , Taghvaei‐Ganjali Saeed , Malekzade Mercede 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWith the aim of obtaining new composites from graphene oxide for a new biological application, it urged us to select some amine containing molecules namely purpald, mafenide acetate and fluvoxamine for grafting that was resulted to the formation of purpald‐grafted graphene oxide, mafenide‐grafted graphene oxide and fluvoxamine‐grafted graphene oxide, respectively. These novel nanocomposites were evaluated by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Transmission electron microscopy, Field emission scanning electron microscopy,Dynamic light scattering, Zeta potential, X‐ray diffraction, Thermogravimetric analysis, Raman, and Fourier‐transform infrared. The findings demonstrated that the grafting was done satisfactorily. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis revealed that the peaks seen at 286.07, 285.79, and 285.49 eV corresponded to the formation of carbon‐nitrogen bonds between the amine groups of purpald, mafenide acetate, and fluvoxamine, respectively, and the functionalized oxygen groups present on the surface of graphene oxide. In this study, three nanocomposites were subjected to practical testing in close proximity to human breast cancer cells. After a period of 24 hours, it was shown that purpald‐grafted graphene oxide demonstrated more cellular toxicity compared to the other nanocomposites.
One‐Pot Triple and Mixed Double Michael Addition of Activated Alkenes to 2‐Oxindole and 7‐Aza‐2‐Oxindole: Synthesis of C‐3/N‐Functionalized Carbon Rich 2‐Oxindole and 7‐Aza‐2‐Oxindole Derivatives
Authors: Kavitha Preethi Raman , Kannadasan Sathananthan , Shanmugam Ponnusamy 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA simple, efficient, and atom‐economical, one‐pot triple Michael Addition of activated alkenes to 2‐oxindole, 7‐aza‐2‐ indolone, and N‐methyl‐5‐bromo‐7‐aza‐2‐indolone has been developed. Significantly, multifunctionalities have also been achieved via one‐pot mixed Michael addition using the equimolar amount of two different activated alkenes. The reaction provided C‐3 and N‐functionalized carbon‐rich 7‐aza‐2‐oxindole derivatives. The scope of the reaction using diverse activated alkenes has been tested to provide the title compounds. The structure of the representative compounds has been established by the XRD method. Synthetic transformation of representative compounds is demonstrated to provide the respective 3‐spirooctane‐2‐oxindole derivatives in excellent yield. A plausible mechanism for cyclization is provided.
One‐Pot Synthesis of Functionalized Carbazoles and β‐Carbolines via Diethyl Azodicarboxylate Mediated Dehydrogenative Aromatization in Deep Eutectic Solvent
Authors: Shirisha Thangellapally , Majhi Subir , Kashinath Dhurke 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHerein we report a one‐pot approach for the functionalized carbazoles and β‐carbolines via Fischer indole/Pictet‐Spengler type reactions followed by diethyl azodicarboxylate (DEAD) mediated dehydrogenative aromatization using Deep Eutectic Solvent (N,N’‐Dimethyl urea and L‐tartaric acid combination) as reaction medium. This one‐pot method enables the synthesis of library of compounds of carbazoles and β‐carbolines with good to excellent yields in short reaction times. The developed method was extended for the copper‐mediated reaction to minimize the amounts of DEAD required. Also, the application of gram scale reaction and reusability of the DES (in both cases) is demonstrated efficiently.
The Role of Extracellular Vesicles in the Treatment of Prostate Cancer
Authors: Hu Cong , Chen Qi , Wu Tianyang , Du Xinxing , Dong Yanhao , Peng Zehong , Xue Wei , Sunkara Vijaya , Cho Yoon‐Kyoung , Dong Liang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractProstate cancer (PCa) has become a public health concern in elderly men due to an ever‐increasing number of estimated cases. Unfortunately, the available treatments are unsatisfactory because of a lack of a durable response, especially in advanced disease states. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid‐bilayer encircled nanoscale vesicles that carry numerous biomolecules (e.g., nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids), mediating the transfer of information. The past decade has witnessed a wide range of EV applications in both diagnostics and therapeutics. First, EV‐based non‐invasive liquid biopsies provide biomarkers in various clinical scenarios to guide treatment; EVs can facilitate the grading and staging of patients for appropriate treatment selection. Second, EVs play a pivotal role in pathophysiological processes via intercellular communication. Targeting key molecules involved in EV‐mediated tumor progression (e.g., proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis, immune escape, and drug resistance) is a potential approach for curbing PCa. Third, EVs are promising drug carriers. Naïve EVs from various sources and engineered EV‐based drug delivery systems have paved the way for the development of new treatment modalities. This review discusses the recent advancements in the application of EV therapies and highlights EV‐based functional materials as novel interventions for PCa.
Constructing B─N─P Bonds in Ultrathin Holey g‐C3N4 for Regulating the Local Chemical Environment in Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction to CO
Authors: Hussien Mahmoud Kamal , Sabbah Amr , Qorbani Mohammad , Putikam Raghunath , Kholimatussadiah Septia , Tzou Der‐Lii M. , Elsayed Mohamed Hammad , Lu Yu‐Jung , Wang Yen‐Yu , Lee Xing‐Hao , Lin Tsai‐Yu , Thang Nguyen Quoc , Wu Heng‐Liang , Haw Shu‐Chih , Wu Kevin C.‐W. , Lin Ming‐Chang , Chen Kuei‐Hsien , Chen Li‐Chyong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe lack of intrinsic active sites for photocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) and fast recombination rate of charge carriers are the main obstacles to achieving high photocatalytic activity. In this work, a novel phosphorus and boron binary‐doped graphitic carbon nitride, highly porous material that exhibits powerful photocatalytic CO2 reduction activity, specifically toward selective CO generation, is disclosed. The coexistence of Lewis‐acidic and Lewis‐basic sites plays a key role in tuning the electronic structure, promoting charge distribution, extending light‐harvesting ability, and promoting dissociation of excitons into active carriers. Porosity and dual dopants create local chemical environments that activate the pyridinic nitrogen atom between the phosphorus and boron atoms on the exposed surface, enabling it to function as an active site for CO2RR. The P–N–B triad is found to lower the activation barrier for reduction of CO2 by stabilizing the COOH reaction intermediate and altering the rate‐determining step. As a result, CO yield increased to 22.45 µmol g−1 h−1 under visible light irradiation, which is ≈12 times larger than that of pristine graphitic carbon nitride. This study provides insights into the mechanism of charge carrier dynamics and active site determination, contributing to the understanding of the photocatalytic CO2RR mechanism.
Platelet Membrane Coated Cu9S8‐SNAP for Targeting NIR‐II Mild Photothermal Enhanced Chemodynamic/Gas Therapy of Triple‐Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Wu Danping , Chen Xiaoyi , Yao Shijie , He Yichen , Chen Gongning , Hu Xiaojuan , Chen Yang , Lv Zhenye , Yu Jing , Jin Ketao , Cai Yu , Mou Xiaozhou 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTriple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive and uncommon subtype of breast cancer with a poor prognosis. It is crucial to prioritise the creation of a nanotherapeutic method that is highly selective and actively targeting TNBC. This study explores a new nanosystem, Cu9S8‐SNAP@PM (C‐S@P), composed of Cu9S8‐SNAP coated with a platelet membrane (PM). The purpose of this nanosystem is to cure TNBC using multimodal therapy. The utilisation of PM‐coated nanoparticles (NPs) enables active targeting, leading to the efficient accumulation of C‐S@P within the tumour. The Cu9S8 component within these NPs serves the potential to exert photothermal therapy (PTT) and chemodynamic therapy (CDT). Simultaneously, the S‐Nitroso‐N‐Acetylvanicillamine (SNAP) component enables nitric oxide (NO) gas therapy (GT). Furthermore, when exposed to NIR‐II laser light, Cu9S8 not only increases the temperature of the tumour area for PTT, but also boosts CDT and stimulates the release of NO through thermal reactions to improve the effectiveness of GT. Both in vitro and in vivo experimental results validate that C‐S@P exhibits minimal side effects and represents a multifunctional nano‐drug targeted at tumors for efficient treatment. This approach promises significant potential for TNBC therapy and broader applications in oncology.
Surface‐Enhanced Raman Scattering Sensors Employing a Nanoparticle‐On‐Liquid‐Mirror (NPoLM) Architecture
Authors: Datta Shreyan , Vasini Shoaib , Miao Xianglong , Liu Peter Q. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSurface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensors typically employ nanophotonic structures that support high‐field confinement and enhancement in hotspots to increase the Raman scattering from target molecules by orders of magnitude. In general, high field and SERS enhancement can be achieved by reducing the critical dimensions and mode volumes of the hotspots to nanoscale. To this end, a multitude of SERS sensors employing photonic structures with nanometric hotspots have been demonstrated. However, delivering analyte molecules into nanometric hotspots is challenging, and the trade‐off between field confinement/enhancement and analyte delivery efficiency is a critical limiting factor for the performance of many nanophotonic SERS sensors. Here, a new type of SERS sensor employing solid‐metal nanoparticles and bulk liquid metal is demonstrated to form nanophotonic resonators with a nanoparticle‐on‐liquid‐mirror (NPoLM) architecture, which effectively resolves this trade‐off. In particular, this unconventional sensor architecture allows for the convenient formation of nanometric hotspots by introducing liquid metal after analyte molecules are efficiently delivered to the surface of gold nanoparticles. In addition, a cost‐effective and reliable process is developed to produce gold nanoparticles on a substrate suitable for forming NPoLM structures. These NPoLM structures achieve two orders of magnitude higher SERS signals than the gold nanoparticles alone.
Evaluating the Impact of Inulin Addition before Solar Drying on the Characteristics of Sour Cassava Starch as a Food Ingredient
Authors: Díaz Andrea , Dini Cecilia , García María Alejandra 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSour cassava starch is obtained by spontaneous fermentation of the starch cake immediately after being extracted, followed by sun‐drying, where oxidation reactions take place that are essential for the enhanced baking expansion of this starch. The aim of this work is to evaluate the influence of adding a different polysaccharide to the starch cake before sun‐drying in the characteristics of the obtained product. Inulin is chosen for being a soluble prebiotic fiber that may improve the nutritional quality of the starch. Inulin modifies the oxidation of the fermented starch during sun‐drying, and forms a film around the granules that hinder their swelling and water retention capacity. The crystallinity of the inulin is increased by hydration and sun‐drying. Adding inulin to the fermented starch before sun‐drying reduces its expansion capacity, but in a lower rate than when inulin is added after sun‐drying. The fermented starch sun‐dried with inulin produces a baked snack with similar texture to that of the sour starch alone, and softer than that from the native starch.