bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing the optical properties of organic fluorine compound-encapsulated AlGaN-based ultraviolet light-emitting diodes with Ni/Au reflective electrodes
Authors: Okuno Koji , Iwatsuki Rie , Mizutani Koichi , Ohya Masaki , Saito Yoshiki , Hakamata Shintaro , Matsushima Takeshi , Kawaoka Aya , Shimonishi Shota , Ishiguro Hisanori , Takeuchi Tetsuya , Kamiyama Satoshi , Iwaya Motoaki 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The development of AlGaN-based high-efficiency UVC-LEDs capable of effectively eliminating viruses and bacteria is desired. In this study, we demonstrate a significant improvement in optical output power (LOP) by applying optical interference technology and organic fluorine compound packaging technology. Experiments and calculations revealed that an improvement in LED die LOP was achieved through adjusting the optical length to approximately 0.7·λ
n, resulting in an amplification of light intensity caused by the interference of light emitted perpendicular to the die. Furthermore, by coating the LED die with an organic fluorine compound and packaging it in a quartz lens, the LOP increased by a factor of 1.5. Ray-tracing analysis showed that, due to optical interference, the LOP of the LED die was more dependent on the light output from the top surface than from the side.
Photo-thermoelectric effect-driven detection of optical communication light in graphene/hBN heterostructures
Authors: Iwasaki Takuya , Sato Yodai , Ogo Makoto , Oh Byunghun , Kozawa Daichi , Kitaura Ryo , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Moriyama Satoshi , Fujikata Junichi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We report on the photodetection properties of high-quality graphene encapsulated by hexagonal boron nitride under illumination with optical communication light. We demonstrate a gate-tunable photocurrent and zero-bias switching cycle operation at RT. Through gate and temperature-dependent photocurrent measurements, we determine that the dominant photoresponse mechanism is the photo-thermoelectric effect. At low temperatures, the photocurrent in finite doping regions correlates with the Seebeck coefficient, while sharp peaks emerge near the charge neutrality point due to an edge-excited photocurrent. Our study provides guidelines for high-performance graphene-based optoelectronic devices.
Exploring The Interplay of Stunting and Upper Respiratory Infection in Kronjo Health Center: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Christian David , Celine Cornelia  
Published: February 2024

Background: Stunting, a prevalent form of chronic malnutrition, presents a significant public health challenge globally, particularly in low-income nations like Indonesia. This study investigates the prevalence and interaction of stunting and upper respiratory infections (URIs) among toddlers aged 12-59 months in Kronjo Health Center, a rural health center in West Java.
Methods: Employing a cross-sectional design with total sampling, data were collected from October to November 2023. Height measurements were interpreted according to WHO child growth standards, and statistical analysis was performed using the Pearson chi-square 2x2 test.
Results: The study involved 146 toddlers, with the majority being female (52.7%) and aged 12-23 months (34.9%). Most mothers had a high school education (39.7%), practiced breastfeeding (67.8%), and participated in basic pediatric immunization programs (61%). Additionally, 15 toddlers (10.3%) had a history of low birth weight, and a significant proportion were exposed to household smoking (n = 122; 83.6%) and lived in crowded households with six or more family members (n = 45; 30.8%). The study revealed a stunting prevalence of 46.6% and a URI prevalence of 63% among toddlers aged 12-59 months in Kronjo Health Center. Statistical analysis indicated a significant association between stunting and URIs (p-value = 0.035).
Conclusion: This study highlights a significant association between stunting and URI among toddlers aged 12-59 months in Kronjo Health Center, emphasizing the importance of addressing both conditions in rural health settings.
Analysis of Experiences and Coping Strategies of Pregnant Women with Hyperemesis Gravidarum in Purwakarta Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Lathifah Maulida , Sopiah Sri Rahayu  
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) is a pregnancy complication characterized by excessive nausea and vomiting. HG can cause dehydration, malnutrition, and other serious complications. In Indonesia, data regarding the experiences and coping strategies of pregnant women with HG is still limited.
Methods: This research uses a qualitative design with a phenomenological approach. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with 10 pregnant women who experienced HG in Purwakarta Regency. Data were analyzed using qualitative data analysis methods.
Results: The research results show that pregnant women with HG experience various kinds of physical and emotional symptoms. The most common physical symptoms are nausea, vomiting, fatigue, and dizziness. The most common emotional symptoms are anxiety, depression, and stress. Pregnant women use various coping strategies to deal with HG. The most common coping strategies are problem-focused coping strategies, such as seeking information about HG, consulting a doctor, and trying home remedies. Other coping strategies used are coping strategies that focus on emotions, such as seeking social support and relaxation.
Conclusion: This research shows that pregnant women with HG experience a variety of physical and emotional symptoms. Effective coping strategies can help pregnant women to overcome HG and improve their quality of life.
Metformin and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Cigrovski Berkovic Maja , Coppola Alessandro , Sesa Vibor , Mrzljak Anna , Lai Quirino 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND
Most patients with advanced pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs) die due to tumor progression. Therefore, identifying new therapies with low toxicity and good tolerability to use concomitantly with the established pNET treatment is relevant. In this perspective, metformin is emerging as a molecule of interest. Retrospective studies have described metformin, a widely used agent for the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), to be effective in modulating different tumor-related events, including cancer incidence, recurrence and survival by inhibiting mTOR phosphorylation. This systematic review evaluates the role of T2DM and metformin in the insurgence and post-treatment outcomes in patients with pNET.
AIM
To systematically analyze and summarize evidence related to the diagnostic and prognostic value of T2DM and metformin for predicting the insurgence and post-treatment outcomes of pNET.
METHODS
A systematic review of the published literature was undertaken, focusing on the role of T2DM and metformin in insurgence and prognosis of pNET, measured through outcomes of tumor-free survival (TFS), overall survival and progression-free survival.
RESULTS
A total of 13 studies (5674 patients) were included in this review. Analysis of 809 pNET cases from five retrospective studies (low study heterogeneity with I² = 0%) confirms the correlation between T2DM and insurgence of pNET (OR = 2.13, 95%CI = 1.56-4.55; P < 0.001). The pooled data from 1174 pNET patients showed the correlation between T2DM and post-treatment TFS in pNET patients (hazard ratio = 1.84, 95%CI = 0.78-2.90; P < 0.001). The study heterogeneity was intermediate, with I² = 51%. A few studies limited the possibility of performing pooled analysis in the setting of metformin; therefore, results were heterogeneous, with no statistical relevance to the use of this drug in the diagnosis and prognosis of pNET.
CONCLUSION
T2DM represents a risk factor for the insurgence of pNET and is a significant predictor of poor post-treatment TFS of pNET patients. Unfortunately, a few studies with heterogeneous results limited the possibility of exploring the effect of metformin in the diagnosis and prognosis of pNET.
La Responsabilidad Penal en el Ejercicio Médico
Authors: López Rodríguez Víctor Manuel 
Published: February 2024

Introducción: Actualmente la actividad médica en relación con la responsabilidad penal ha ido en aumento con una posible demanda relacionada a una mala praxis. La medicina está completamente relacionada con el ámbito legal al tratarse de problemas que pueden involucrar hasta la muerte, lo que la convierte en una de las profesiones más complejas observadas desde esta perspectiva. Objetivo: Conocer los fundamentos legales de la responsabilidad médica tras analizar el marco legal en México. Metodología: Este artículo se realizó mediante una búsqueda bibliográfica en diferentes fuentes de información. Se caracterizó por ser una revisión de la literatura documental a través del método descriptivo. Desarrollo: La responsabilidad médica abarca aspectos administrativos, civiles y penales, cada uno con sus propias características legales. En los casos de daño corporal, se busca la compensación económica de acuerdo con la ley federal del trabajo. En México la comisión nacional de arbitraje médico busca resolver disputas de manera eficiente. En casos judiciales, se busca compensación por daños, considerando factores como responsabilidad y situación financiera. Conclusiones: El ámbito de la resolución médico-legal en la responsabilidad penal en México plantea desafíos significativos que afectan a médicos, pacientes y al sistema legal en su conjunto, por lo que es imperativo promover una formación médica que incluya aspectos éticos y legales, así como resoluciones justas que se impartan mediante el procedimiento legal en cualquier ámbito en el que se aborde la responsabilidad médica.
PELAKSANAAN PROGRAM PENGENALAN LAPANGAN PERSEKOLAHAN (PLP) II DI PAUD TERPADU CITRA BAKTI
Authors: Wona Melania Santika , Wangge Elisabet Klaudia , Wea Maria Rosari , Ngura Elisabeth Tantiana 
Published: February 2024

PAUD merupakan singkatan dari Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini. Anak merupakan individu yang belum dewasa. Sedangkan anak usia dini merupakan anak yang berada pada rentang usia 0 sampai 6 tahun Pengenalan Lapangan Persekolahan (PLP) merupakan salah satu mata kuliah wajib yang harus ditempuh oleh seluruh mahasiswa STKIP Citra Bakti Ngada yang mengambil jurusan kependidikan. Dalam pelaksanaannya, mahasiswa melaksanakan tugas-tugas kependidikan dan tenaga pendidik dalam hal ini guru yang meliputi kegiatan praktek mengajar atau kegiatan kependidikan lainnya.
Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan (field research) dalam bentuk penelitian deskriptif yang menggambarkan mengenai situasi-situasi atau kejadian-kejadian. Penelitian yang berusaha memuat deskriptif fenomena yang diselidiki dengan cara melakukan dan mengklasifikasi fakta atau karakteristik fenomena tersebut secara faktual.
KONSEP PERKEMBANGAN PROFESI TENAGA KEPEMIMPINAN GURU PAUD DI TKK NEGERI DOLUPORE
Authors: Anu Maria Susanti 
Published: February 2024

Kegiatan ini dilakukan adalah untuk mendapatkan informasi tentang visi misi,struktur kelembagaan,sistem pengelolahan,jabatan profesi keguruan yang ada di TK Dolupore. Pengumpuulan data yang digunakan yaitu observasi,wawancara dan dokumentasi.Adapun hasil penelitian yang dapat yaitu profesionalisme guru di TK Dolupore yaitu tenaga kependidikan sudah sesuai di bidangnya masing-masing. Tujuan kegiatan pengembangan profesi guru adalah untuk meningkatkan mutu guru agar guru lebih profesional dalam pelaksanaan tugas dan tanggung jawabnya. Pengembangan profesi guru yang ada di TK Dolupore pada dasarnya adalah peningkatan kualitas kompetensi guru.Beberapa dimensi utama dalam kompetensi guru di TK Dolupore adalah sebagai berikut: kompetensi pedagogic ,kompetensi kepribadian, kompetensi sosial, dan kompetensi profesional. Akhir dari penelitian ini adalah guru paud yang profesional dan memiliki tanaga kepemimpinan dalam meningkatkan dan mengembangkan mutu dari generasi penerus bangsa.untuk itu pendidikan harus di lakukan sejak usia dini,yaitu pendidikan yang ditunjukan bagi anak sejak lahir hingga usia 6 tahun.Hal ini bertujuan menyiapkan anak-anak usia dini siap memasuki jalur pendidikan dasar selanjutnya dengan bekal kesiapan mental dan ajaran katolik yang diajarkan.Bagi seorang guru pengetahuan tentang profesi keguruan harus benar-benar dimiliki untuk dapat meningkatkan profesionalitas dalam melaksanakan tugas utama yaitu melayani anak dalam dunia pendidikan
Dynamical Structures Associated with High-Order and Secondary Resonances in the Spin–Orbit Problem
Authors: Lei Hanlun 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In our solar system, spin–orbit resonances are common under Sun–planet, planet–satellite, and binary asteroid configurations. In this work, high-order and secondary spin–orbit resonances are investigated by taking numerical and analytical approaches. Poincaré sections as well as two types of dynamical maps are produced, showing that there are complicated structures in the phase space. To understand numerical structures, we adopt the theory of perturbative treatments to formulate resonant Hamiltonian for describing spin–orbit resonances. The results show that there is an excellent agreement between analytical and numerical structures. It is concluded that the main V-shape structure arising in the parameter space

(

θ

̇

,
α
)

is sculpted by the synchronous primary resonance, those minute structures inside the V-shape region are dominated by secondary resonances and those structures outside the V-shape region are governed by high-order resonances. Finally, the analytical approach is applied to binary asteroid systems (65803) Didymos and (4383) Suruga to reveal their phase-space structures.
Near-real-time 3D Reconstruction of the Solar Coronal Parameters Based on the Magnetohydrodynamic Algorithm outside a Sphere Using Deep Learning
Authors: Rahman Sumiaya , Jeong Hyun-Jin , Siddique Ashraf , Moon Yong-Jae , Lawrance Bendict 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
For the first time, we generate solar coronal parameters (density, magnetic field, radial velocity, and temperature) on a near-real-time basis by deep learning. For this, we apply the Pix2PixCC deep-learning model to three-dimensional (3D) distributions of these parameters: synoptic maps of the photospheric magnetic field as an input and the magnetohydrodynamic algorithm outside a sphere (MAS) results as an output. To generate the 3D structure of the solar coronal parameters from 1 to 30 solar radii, we train and evaluate 152 distinct deep-learning models. For each parameter, we consider the data of 169 Carrington rotations from 2010 June to 2023 February: 132 for training and 37 for testing. The key findings of our study are as follows: First, our deep-learning models successfully reconstruct the 3D distributions of coronal parameters from 1 to 30 solar radii with an average correlation coefficient of 0.98. Second, during the solar active and quiet periods, the AI-generated data exhibits consistency with the target MAS simulation data. Third, our deep-learning models for each parameter took a remarkably short time (about 16 s for each parameter) to generate the results with an NVIDIA Titan XP GPU. As the MAS simulation is a regularization model, we may significantly reduce the simulation time by using our results as an initial configuration to obtain an equilibrium condition. We hope that the generated 3D solar coronal parameters can be used for the near-real-time forecasting of heliospheric propagation of solar eruptions.
On the Scarcity of Dense Cores (n > 105 cm−3) in High-latitude Planck Galactic Cold Clumps
Authors: Xu Fengwei , Wang Ke , Liu Tie , Eden David , Liu Xunchuan , Juvela Mika , He Jinhua , Johnstone Doug , Goldsmith Paul , Garay Guido , Wu Yuefang , Soam Archana , Traficante Alessio , Ristorcelli Isabelle , Falgarone Edith , Chen Huei-Ru Vivien , Hirano Naomi , Doi Yasuo , Kwon Woojin , White Glenn J. , Whitworth Anthony , Sanhueza Patricio , Rawlings Mark G. , Alina Dana , Ren Zhiyuan , Lee Chang Won , Tatematsu Ken’ichi , Zhang Chuan-Peng , Zhou Jianjun , Lai Shih-Ping , Ward-Thompson Derek , Liu Sheng-Yuan , Gu Qilao , Chakali Eswaraiah , Zhu Lei , Mardones Diego , Tóth L. Viktor 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
High-latitude (∣b∣ > 30°) molecular clouds have virial parameters that exceed 1, but whether these clouds can form stars has not been studied systematically. Using JCMT SCUBA-2 archival data, we surveyed 70 fields that target high-latitude Planck Galactic cold clumps (HLPCs) to find dense cores with density of 105–106 cm−3 and size of <0.1 pc. The sample benefits from both the representativeness of the parent sample and its coverage of the densest clumps at the high column density end (>1 × 1021 cm−2). At an average rms of 15 mJy beam−1, we detected Galactic dense cores in only one field, G6.04+36.77 (L183) while also identifying 12 extragalactic objects and two young stellar objects. Compared to the low-latitude clumps, dense cores are scarce in HLPCs. With synthetic observations, the densities of cores are constrained to be n

c
≲ 105 cm−3 should they exist in HLPCs. Low-latitude clumps, Taurus clumps, and HLPCs form a sequence where a higher virial parameter corresponds to a lower dense-core detection rate. If HLPCs were affected by the Local Bubble, the scarcity should favor turbulence-inhibited rather than supernova-driven star formation. Studies of the formation mechanism of the L183 molecular cloud are warranted.
Magnetar as the Central Engine of AT2018cow: Optical, Soft X-Ray, and Hard X-Ray Emission
Authors: Li Long , Zhong Shu-Qing , Xiao Di , Dai Zi-Gao , Huang Shi-Feng , Sheng Zhen-Feng 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
AT2018cow is the most extensively observed and widely studied fast blue optical transient to date; its unique observational properties challenge all existing standard models. In this paper, we model the luminosity evolution of the optical, soft X-ray, and hard X-ray emission, as well as the X-ray spectrum of AT2018cow with a magnetar-centered engine model. We consider a two-zone model with a striped magnetar wind in the interior and an expanding ejecta outside. The soft and hard X-ray emission of AT2018cow can be explained by the leakage of high-energy photons produced by internal gradual magnetic dissipation in the striped magnetar wind, while the luminous thermal UV/optical emission results from the thermalization of the ejecta by the captured photons. The two-component energy spectrum yielded by our model with a quasi-thermal component from the optically thick region of the wind superimposed on an optically thin synchrotron component well reproduces the X-ray spectral shape of AT2018cow. The Markov Chain Monte Carlo fitting results suggest that in order to explain the very short rise time to peak of the thermal optical emission, a low ejecta mass M
ej ≈ 0.1 M
⊙ and high ejecta velocity

v

SN

≈
0.17
c

are required. A millisecond magnetar with P
0 ≈ 3.7 ms and B

p
≈ 2.4 × 1014 G is needed to serve as the central engine of AT2018cow.
JWST Observations of K2-18b Can Be Explained by a Gas-rich Mini-Neptune with No Habitable Surface
Authors: Wogan Nicholas F. , Batalha Natasha E. , Zahnle Kevin J. , Krissansen-Totton Joshua , Tsai Shang-Min , Hu Renyu 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) recently measured the transmission spectrum of K2-18b, a habitable-zone sub-Neptune exoplanet, detecting CH4 and CO2 in its atmosphere. The discovery paper argued the data are best explained by a habitable “Hycean” world, consisting of a relatively thin H2-dominated atmosphere overlying a liquid water ocean. Here, we use photochemical and climate models to simulate K2-18b as both a Hycean planet and a gas-rich mini-Neptune with no defined surface. We find that a lifeless Hycean world is hard to reconcile with the JWST observations because photochemistry only supports <1 part-per-million CH4 in such an atmosphere while the data suggest about ∼1% of the gas is present. Sustaining percent-level CH4 on a Hycean K2-18b may require the presence of a methane-producing biosphere, similar to microbial life on Earth ∼3 billion years ago. On the other hand, we predict that a gas-rich mini-Neptune with 100× solar metallicity should have 4% CH4 and nearly 0.1% CO2, which are compatible with the JWST data. The CH4 and CO2 are produced thermochemically in the deep atmosphere and mixed upward to the low pressures sensitive to transmission spectroscopy. The model predicts H2O, NH3, and CO abundances broadly consistent with the nondetections. Given the additional obstacles to maintaining a stable temperate climate on Hycean worlds due to H2 escape and potential supercriticality at depth, we favor the mini-Neptune interpretation because of its relative simplicity and because it does not need a biosphere or other unknown source of methane to explain the data.
Progenitors of Low-redshift Gamma-Ray Bursts
Authors: Petrosian Vahé , Dainotti Maria G. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The bimodal distribution of the observed duration of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) has led to the identification of two distinct progenitors; compact star mergers, comprising either two neutron stars (NSs) or an NS and a black hole, for short GRBs (SGRBs), and the so-called collapsars for long GRBs (LGRBs). It is therefore expected that formation rate (FR) of LGRBs should be similar to the cosmic star formation rate (SFR), while that of SGRBs to be delayed relative to the SFR. The localization of some LGRBs in and around the star-forming regions of host galaxies and some SGRBs away from such regions support this expectation. Another distinct feature of SGRBs is their association with gravitational-wave (GW) sources and kilonovae. However, several independent investigations of the FRs of long and short bursts, using the Efron–Petrosian non-parametric method, have shown the presence of a mild luminosity evolution, and an LGRB FR that is significantly larger than SFR at low redshift, and similar to the FR of SGRBs. In addition, the recent discovery of association of two low-redshift LGRB 211211A and LGRB 230307A with a kilonova cast doubt about their collapsar origin. In this Letter we review these results and show that our results predict that about 60% ± 5% of LGRBs with redshift less than 2 could have compact star merger as progenitors increasing the expected rate of the GW sources and kilonovae significantly. The remaining 40% ± 5% have collapsars as progenitors, with some having associated supernovae.
Intermittent Electron-only Reconnection at Lunar Mini-magnetospheres
Authors: Stanier A. , Chen L. J. , Le A. , Halekas J. , Sawyer R. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Lunar crustal magnetic anomalies (LCMA) are sub-ion-gyroradius structures that have been shown to stand off the solar wind (SW) plasma from the Moon’s surface, forming shock-like discontinuities and reflecting incident SW protons. In this Letter, the results of high-resolution, 2D fully kinetic simulations show a bursty electron-only magnetic reconnection in the SW-LCMA interaction region, characterized by the quasiperiodic formation and ejection of magnetic islands and strong parallel electron flows along the X-point separator lines. The islands are observed to modify the magnetic pressure pileup and Hall electric field above the LCMA, leading to sharp increases in reflected protons that drive electromagnetic fluctuations downstream and short distances upstream in the SW.