bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surgical Removal of the Right Arcuate Fasciculus Does Not Impair Music and Affective Prosody: a Single Case Study
Authors: Sierpowska Joanna , Grau-Sánchez Jennifer , Sihvonen Aleksi J. , Ramos-Escobar Neus , Camins Angels , Gabarrós Andreu , Sammler Daniela , Särkämö Teppo , Rodríguez-Fornells Antoni 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The right hemisphere of the human brain plays an important role in music processing with lateralized functions for pitch, meter and melody recognition among other features. However, the relationship between white matter structure and function in music processing is relatively little explored. We report an interesting case study of a 50-year-old musician with a massive brain tumor affecting the frontal and parietal lobes (WHO grade III). The surgical resection of this high-grade lesion irreversibly damaged great portions of the right frontal and parietal lobes, as well as insula. Post-surgical diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in vivo revealed that the right frontal aslant tract and the ventral pathway bundles of the patient preserved their integrity, whereas the right dorsal pathway (arcuate fasciculus) was removed completely. A comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation assessing language and affective prosody, executive functions, musical processing and emotion recognition in music revealed that the patient did not present language, prosody or cognitive deficits after the tumor removal, with the only exception of a selective impairment in recognizing emotion of fear in prosody. Moreover, the patient showed virtually intact musical processing. There were no signs of amusia, and the patient did not report any significant problems with his musical activities or music-related emotional processing. The only subjective report concerned the rhythmical abilities. This case study suggests that the right dorsal stream does not subserve musical and affective prosody processing, in this way adding new evidence to the ongoing debate of the white matter correlates of these cognitive functions.
The Hidden Post-injury Burden: Fragmentation of Care After Blunt Pancreatic Injury
Authors: Gallagher Shea , Calvo Richard Y. , Carroll Alyssa N. , Rooney Alexandra S. , Krzyzaniak Andrea , Sise Michael J. , Inaba Kenji , Bansal Vishal , Martin Matthew J. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
BACKGROUND
Readmission to a different, or non-index, hospital leads to fragmentation of care (FC). Trauma care is associated with unplanned readmissions and may be uniquely vulnerable to the clinical impact of FC. We sought to evaluate factors associated with FC in the treatment of patients with blunt pancreatic injury (BPI).
METHODS
The California Office of Statewide Health Planning Development dataset was evaluated for BPI (2016–2020). FC were compared with those readmitted to their index admitting facility. The primary outcome was FC rate at primary readmission. Distressed Communities Index (DCI) was used to measure socioeconomic factors, with higher DCI denoting greater distress.
RESULTS
Among 539 patients with BPI, 264 met inclusion criteria. Over half of BPI (59%) experienced FC. There was no difference in age, sex, race, Injury Severity Score, or abdominal Abbreviated Injury Score between groups. Patients with FC had shorter time to readmission (1 vs 14 days, p < 0.01). FC was less likely among patients who underwent operative interventions during the index hospitalization (23% vs 35%, p = 0.03). FC was more likely to occur among patients admitted to centers in low DCI areas. Patients with surgical site infections, malnutrition, or wound complications during index hospitalization were less likely to experience FC. Among those with FC, 4% required intervention, and 1% died. Inflation-adjusted, median cost did not differ at the index hospitalization, nor the readmission between groups. Mortality during readmission did not vary by FC status.
CONCLUSIONS
BPI patients demonstrate a significant incidence of fragmentation of care. FC was more likely for centers in less distressed communities, and less likely for patients that had interventions, or incurred major wound or infectious complications. FC must be identified to understand the true scope and magnitude of post-admission complications and outcomes.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level V, Prognostic/Epidemiological
Periventricular nodular heterotopia in patients with a prenatal diagnosis of myelomeningocele/myeloschisis: Associations with seizures and neurodevelopmental outcomes during early childhood
Authors: Flanders Tracy M. , Schreiber Jane E. , Punchak Maria A. , Land Sierra D. , Reynolds Tom , Soni Shelly , Adzick N. Scott , Heuer Gregory G. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Historically, the presence of gray matter heterotopia was a concern for adverse postnatal neurocognitive status in patients undergoing fetal closure of open spinal dysraphism. The purpose of this study was to evaluate neurodevelopmental outcomes and the onset of seizures during early childhood in patients with a prenatal diagnosis of myelomeningocele/myeloschisis (MMC) and periventricular nodular heterotopia (PVNH).
Methods
All patients evaluated at the Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment with a diagnosis of MMC between June 2016 to March 2023 were identified. PVNH was determined from prenatal and/or postnatal MRI. The Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (edition III or IV) were used for neurodevelopmental assessments. Patients were screened for seizures/epilepsy.
Results
Of 497 patients evaluated with a prenatal diagnosis of MMC, 99 were found to have PVNH on prenatal MRI, of which 35 had confirmed PVNH on postnatal imaging. From the 497 patients, 398 initially did not exhibit heterotopia on prenatal MRI, but 47 of these then had confirmed postnatal PVNH. The presence of PVNH was not a significant risk factor for postnatal seizures in early childhood. The average neurodevelopmental scores were not significantly different among heterotopia groups for cognitive, language, and motor domains.
Conclusion
The presence of PVNH in patients with a prenatal diagnosis of MMC does not indicate an increased risk for neurodevelopmental delay at 1 year of age. We did not demonstrate an association with seizures/epilepsy. These findings can aid clinicians in prenatal consultation regarding fetal repair of open spinal dysraphism.
In-situ non destructive investigation of outdoor bronze sculptures
Authors: Kwon Heehong , Cho Namchul 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Indoor investigations are commonly used to assess the causes and extent of damage to bronze artwork and cultural heritage items; however, these methods typically involve destructive sampling and outdoor bronze sculptures are typically heavy and large, hindering their transport. In this study, 16 bronze sculptures exposed to outdoor environments for a period exceeding 20 years were evaluated in-situ to develop a non-destructive prediction model that can identify types of corrosion and quantify the amount of corrosion on bronze sculptures that cannot be easily transported. The sculptures were classified into three groups according to their patina chromaticity, reflectivity, and chemical composition. The corrosion characteristics were found to be copper oxide and sulfide patinas. Chromaticity and reflectivity investigations revealed that the chemical composition changes of the patinas corresponded to the formation of corrosion products, thus showing a high potential for the identification of the type of corrosion. Portable XRF spectroscopy showed that the low error rate of Cu make its compositional behavior a good indicator in identifying the type of corrosion of sulfide and chloride patinas. Portable Raman spectroscopy was able to detect basic sulfides such as brochantite, antlerite, and cuprite. The high potential for the application of portable Raman spectroscopy was confirmed by results of previous artificial patina corrosion experiments obtained through XRD and bench-top Raman spectroscopy. The corrosion types and corrosion products on the bronze sculptures could be identified using chromaticity and reflectivity, portable X-ray fluorescence, and portable Raman spectroscopy. Therefore, this study confirmed the feasibility of using portable non-destructive analytical equipment in outdoor environments to identify corrosion types and quantify corrosion amounts for large, heavy bronze sculptures. The rapid insitu diagnosis of these corrosion attributes is expected to contribute to establishing conservation treatment plans in the future.
Real time big-data processing and monitoring tool for object detection using Gaussian Mixture model with improved noise reduction
Authors: Pandey Pranjal , Prasad Rakesh K. , Singh Dilip K. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Increasing number of road accidents draws major concern over on-road safety. Road accidents are leading causes of deaths across the world. Numerous approaches have been made to improve the monitoring and control system to avoid road accidents like use of sensors, radar based onboard electronic devices etc, Machine learning based monitoring is one approach towards object detection to avoid accidents due to human error and system failure. In the present work we have reported about development of an improved monitoring tool to detect moving objects in a video frame in real time and with improved noise reduction using Gaussian Mixture Model. We have used machine learning model with the help of MATLAB’s computer vision tool which do not require an external digital data storage space. This results in development of a tool which is capable of detecting the moving object in a live video footage which is capable of differentiating between foreground and background in continuously varying daylight conditions and effective for noise reduction. The developed technique can be applied to selectively record the eventful frames from live video reducing the requirement of human intervention for monitoring and large data storage for record. In addition to surveillance for road transport, the tool can be used for the purpose of monitoring at hospitals, airports, military and defence purpose.
Propionate production by Bacteroidia gut bacteria differs among species and is driven by substrate concentrations
Authors: Döring Carolin , Basen Mirko 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Propionate is a food preservative and platform chemical, but no biological process competes with current petrochemical production routes yet. Although propionate production has been described for gut bacteria of the class Bacteroidia, which also carry great capacity for the degradation of plant polymers, knowledge on propionate yields and productivities across species is scarce. This study aims to compare propionate production within Bacteroidia and characterize good propionate producers among this group.
Results
We collected published information on propionate producing Bacteroidia, and selected ten species to be further examined. These species were grown under defined conditions to compare their product formation. While propionate, acetate, succinate, lactate and formate were produced, the product ratios varied greatly among the species. The two species with highest propionate yield, B. propionicifaciens, (0.39 gpro/ggluc) and B. graminisolvens (0.25 gpro/ggluc), were further examined. Product formation and growth behavior differed significantly during CO2-limited growth and in resting cells experiments, as only B. graminisolvens depended on external-added NaHCO3, while their genome sequences only revealed few differences in the major catabolic pathways. Carbon mass and electron balances in experiments with resting cells were closed under the assumption that the oxidative pentose pathway was utilized for glucose oxidation next to glycolysis in B. graminisolvens. Finally, during pH-controlled fed-batch cultivation B. propionicifaciens and B. graminisolvens grew up to cell densities (OD600) of 8.1 and 9.8, and produced 119 mM and 33 mM of propionate from 130 mM and 105 mM glucose, respectively. A significant production of other acids, particularly lactate (25 mM), was observed in B. graminisolvens only.
Conclusions
We obtained the first broad overview and comparison of propionate production in Bacteroidia strains. A closer look at two species with comparably high propionate yields, showed significant differences in their physiology. Further studies may reveal the molecular basis for high propionate yields in Bacteroidia, paving the road towards their biotechnological application for conversion of biomass-derived sugars to propionate.
Fighting the disagreement in Explainable Machine Learning with consensus
Authors: Banegas-Luna Antonio J. , Martínez-Cortés Carlos , Pérez-Sánchez Horacio 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
While the predictive accuracy of machine learning (ML) models is often their most lauded attribute, in many scientific domains, the transparency of the decision-making process is equally crucial. To demystify the decision logic of ML models, interpretability algorithms are employed. Yet, the diversity of available algorithms frequently leads to a lack of consensus, resulting in disparate and sometimes contradictory model explanations. Addressing this challenge, consensus functions are utilized post hoc to harmonize these interpretations. However, the reliability of the synthesized explanation remains contingent on the choice of consensus function, among other variables. In this study, five ML models were systematically trained on four synthetic datasets with pre-established ground truths. Subsequent explanations were generated using a suite of both local and global model-agnostic interpretability algorithms. Consensus was then derived using five established functions and a novel function created by the researchers that integrates model accuracy into the consensus-building process. The innovative function demonstrated superior accuracy in pinpointing pertinent features, reinforcing the notion that an aptly crafted consensus function is instrumental in resolving discrepancies within model explainability.
Topographic variations and morphometric characterisation of the humeri nutrient foramina in the South African Populations: implications for fracture repair and healing
Authors: Mazengenya Pedzisai , Mokoena Palesa , Billings Brendon , Manjatika Arthur 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Fractures of the humerus are common on the midshaft of the bone, often causing injury to the nutrient artery. Successful fracture repair and healing requires preservation of the blood supply to the long which is conveyed through the nutrient foramina (NF). The topography of long bone NF varies in different populations. These variations can affect the preservation of blood supply to long bones during fracture repair management. The current study aimed to determine the topography and morphometry of the NF of the humerus in different populations of South Africa including the SAA, SAED and SAMA.
Methods
The study examined 596 dry humeri from the three South African populations. The parameters examined included the presence, number, location, position, size and direction of the NF.
Results
The NF were present in 97.1% of the humeri. Majority of bones (76.8%) evinced a single nutrient foramen. The number of NF varied across the different population groups (P < 0.0001), with SAA having more humeri with a single NF and SAED having more humeri with double NF. The position of NF varied within and across populations (P = 0.002). Males in SAED had a higher mean FI on both the right (p = 0.03) and left (p = 0.022) sides than females. SAED had a lower mean FI than SAMA (P = 0.001). All humeri showed dominant-sized NF. The location of NF varied across different populations (P < 0.0001), with SAA having higher NF located on the anteromedial surface and medial border, and SAED having higher NF located on the lateral border (P < 0.0001). NF were directed towards the distal ends of the shafts in 99.8% of bones and towards the proximal end in 0.2% of bones.
Conclusions
The topography and morphometry of the nutrient foramina of the humerus are variable in the South African populations. Knowledge of the NF variations may aid in the management of humerus fractures.
Lifetime of Ni laser induced fluorescence during spark plug discharge
Authors: Bi Ruike , Zhang Kailun , Ehn Andreas , Richter Mattias 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

In this study, the laser induced fluorescence lifetime of Ni atoms in ambient air with presence of a plasma discharge was measured for the first time. Free Ni atoms were generated in ambient air by spark plug discharge driven by an inductive coil. Decay curves of Ni LIF excited by a 336.94 nm, 90 ps laser pulse were captured by a PMT. An average lifetime of about 1.1 ns was observed for the fluorescence signal within a 7.4 nm detection window centered at 345 nm. Further analysis also revealed that the lifetime of the transition showed statistically insignificant change throughout the duration of the discharge. The peak intensity of the decays was found to be proportional to the integrated signal intensities. This in turn suggests that the integrated fluorescence signals in the aforementioned spectral region are proportional to the population density of ground state Ni atoms in the detection volume. The number density of free Ni atoms in the spark gap was measured over time during the plasma discharge, showing an accumulating trend in the beginning phase of the discharge followed by a slow decrease until the termination.
EtherVote: A Secure Smart Contract-based e-Voting System
Authors: Spanos Achilleas , Kantzavelou Ioanna 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Conventional electing procedures cannot fulfill advanced requirements in modern times. Secure electronic voting systems have been a concern of many researchers for years to replace traditional practices. Decentralized approaches, such as Blockchain technology, are essential to provide compulsory guarantees for secure voting platforms, that hold the properties of transparency, immutability, and confidentiality. This paper presents EtherVote, a secure decentralized electronic voting system, which is based on the Ethereum Blockchain network. The EtherVote is a serverless e-voting model, relying solely on Ethereum and smart contracts, that does not include a database, and thus it enhances security and privacy. The model incorporates an effective method for voter registration and identification to strengthen security. The main properties of EtherVote include encrypted votes, efficiency in handling elections with numerous participants, and simplicity. The system is tested and evaluated, vulnerabilities and possible attacks are exposed through a security analysis, and anonymity, integrity, and unlinkability are retained.
Over-expression of long non-coding RNA LINC00342 as diagnostic biomarker for Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Guan Di , Liu Dan , Xiang Peng , Liu Yue Xin , Ping Hao 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background: Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC), being the most common type of renal cancer, exhibits a high mortality and recurrence rate primarily because a significant number of patients are already in advanced stages at the time of diagnosis. Identifying a biological marker for early-stage KIRC has become a top priority. Recently, some studies have shown that long non-coding RNA LINC00342 promotes the proliferation, invasion, and migration in gastric cancer, colorectal cancer and non-small cell lung cancer through a variety of ways. However, the involvement and mechanism of linc00342 in KIRC is still unclear. The aim of this study was to examine the diagnostic and prognostic value of linc00342 in KIRC, to investigate the effects of linc00342 on the biological functions of KIRC cells, and to explore potential mechanisms of linc00342 in KIRC.
Methods: We downloaded the linc00342 expression data and clinical information of KIRC from the TCGA database and constructed a prognostic prediction model. In vitro, the effect of silencing linc00342 on KIRC cell proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis, and invasion was measured by colony-formation assay, flow cytometric analysis, wound-healing assay and Transwell assay, respectively.
Results: Firstly, our predictive model was established by using TCGA database. Secondly, Linc00342 was involved in various biological functions of KIRC by using gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis. Thirdly, In vitro, linc00342 was overexpressed in KIRC by RT-qPCR in tissue and cell models. Moreover, we found that linc00342 can inhibit cell apoptosis and promote cell proliferation, invasion, and migration.
Conclusion: To our knowledge, our study is the first to construct a nomogram prediction model by combining the gene expression of linc00342 with clinical data, and confirmed that linc00342 can be an independent prognostic factor of KIRC through in vitro validation.
Predicting Financial Capital Availability through Blockchain technology-driven Supply Chain Financing: An Innovation Capability-Based Moderation Role
Authors: Hongjiang Zhao , Adu-Damoah Millicent , Boakye Elijah Asante 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Implementing blockchain technology-driven supply chain financing yields notable advantages like fostering peer-to-peer collaboration, enhancing trust, and optimizing effective capital and information exchanges. This study explores how blockchain technology-driven supply chain financing improves financial capital availability by improving access, enhancing availability and reducing cost savings. Using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), we provide empirical evidence from 522 SMEs across Ghana’s manufacturing, agriculture, services, wholesale & retail, and hospitality sectors. The results show that blockchain technology-driven supply chain financing positively influences financial capital availability. Also, innovation capability positively impacts the strength of the effect of blockchain technology-driven supply chain financing on financial capital availability. In detail, the impact of blockchain technology-driven supply chain financing on financial capital availability is positively dampened by investment in new information systems, methods, and processes when compared to the adaptation to new information systems, methods, and processes.