bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EDGE – Dark matter or astrophysics? Breaking dark matter heating degeneracies with H i rotation in faint dwarf galaxies
Authors: Rey Martin P , Orkney Matthew D A , Read Justin I , Das Payel , Agertz Oscar , Pontzen Andrew , Ponomareva Anastasia A , Kim Stacy Y , McClymont William 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
Low-mass dwarf galaxies are expected to reside within dark matter haloes that have a pristine, ‘cuspy’ density profile within their stellar half-light radii. This is because they form too few stars to significantly drive dark matter heating through supernova-driven outflows. Here, we study such simulated faint systems ($10^4 \le M_{\star }\le 2 \times 10^6 \, \mbox{M}_\mathrm{\odot }$) drawn from high-resolution (3 pc) cosmological simulations from the ‘Engineering Dwarf Galaxies at the Edge of galaxy formation’ (EDGE) project. We confirm that these objects have steep and rising inner dark matter density profiles at z = 0, little affected by galaxy formation effects. But five dwarf galaxies from the suite also showcase a detectable H i reservoir ($M_{\mathrm{H\, {\small I} }}\approx 10^{5}-10^{6} \, \mbox{M}_\mathrm{\odot }$), analogous to the observed population of faint, H i-bearing dwarf galaxies. These reservoirs exhibit episodes of ordered rotation, opening windows for rotation curve analysis. Within actively star-forming dwarfs, stellar feedback easily disrupts the tenuous H i discs ($v_{\phi , g}\approx 10\, \mathrm{km} \, \mathrm{s}^{-1}$), making rotation short-lived ($\ll 150 \, \mathrm{Myr}$) and more challenging to interpret for dark matter inferences. In contrast, we highlight a long-lived ($\ge 500 \, \mathrm{Myr}$) and easy-to-interpret H i rotation curve extending to $\approx 2\, r_{1/2, \text{3D}}$ in a quiescent dwarf, that has not formed new stars since z = 4. This stable gas disc is supported by an oblate dark matter halo shape that drives high-angular momentum gas flows. Our results strongly motivate further searches for H i in rotation curves in the observed population of H i-bearing low-mass dwarfs, that provide a key regime to disentangle the respective roles of dark matter microphysics and galaxy formation effects in driving dark matter heating.
Singleton mutations in large-scale cancer genome studies: uncovering the tail of cancer genome
Authors: Desai Sanket , Ahmad Suhail , Bawaskar Bhargavi , Rashmi Sonal , Mishra Rohit , Lakhwani Deepika , Dutt Amit 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Singleton or low-frequency driver mutations are challenging to identify. We present a domain driver mutation estimator (DOME) to identify rare candidate driver mutations. DOME analyzes positions analogous to known statistical hotspots and resistant mutations in combination with their functional and biochemical residue context as determined by protein structures and somatic mutation propensity within conserved PFAM domains, integrating the CADD scoring scheme. Benchmarked against seven other tools, DOME exhibited superior or comparable accuracy compared to all evaluated tools in the prediction of functional cancer drivers, with the exception of one tool. DOME identified a unique set of 32 917 high-confidence predicted driver mutations from the analysis of whole proteome missense variants within domain boundaries across 1331 genes, including 1192 noncancer gene census genes, emphasizing its unique place in cancer genome analysis. Additionally, analysis of 8799 TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) and in-house tumor samples revealed 847 potential driver mutations, with mutations in tyrosine kinase members forming the dominant burden, underscoring its higher significance in cancer. Overall, DOME complements current approaches for identifying novel, low-frequency drivers and resistant mutations in personalized therapy.
The AsiDNA™ decoy mimicking DSBs protects the normal tissue from radiation toxicity through a DNA-PK/p53/p21-dependent G1/S arrest
Authors: Sesink Anouk , Becerra Margaux , Ruan Jia-Ling , Leboucher Sophie , Dubail Maxime , Heinrich Sophie , Jdey Wael , Petersson Kristoffer , Fouillade Charles , Berthault Nathalie , Dutreix Marie , Girard Pierre-Marie 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
AsiDNA™, a cholesterol-coupled oligonucleotide mimicking double-stranded DNA breaks, was developed to sensitize tumour cells to radio- and chemotherapy. This drug acts as a decoy hijacking the DNA damage response. Previous studies have demonstrated that standalone AsiDNA™ administration is well tolerated with no additional adverse effects when combined with chemo- and/or radiotherapy. The lack of normal tissue complication encouraged further examination into the role of AsiDNA™ in normal cells. This research demonstrates the radioprotective properties of AsiDNA™. In vitro, AsiDNA™ induces a DNA-PK/p53/p21-dependent G1/S arrest in normal epithelial cells and fibroblasts that is absent in p53 deficient and proficient tumour cells. This cell cycle arrest improved survival after irradiation only in p53 proficient normal cells. Combined administration of AsiDNA™ with conventional radiotherapy in mouse models of late and early radiation toxicity resulted in decreased onset of lung fibrosis and increased intestinal crypt survival. Similar results were observed following FLASH radiotherapy in standalone or combined with AsiDNA™. Mechanisms comparable to those identified in vitro were detected both in vivo, in the intestine and ex vivo, in precision cut lung slices. Collectively, the results suggest that AsiDNA™ can partially protect healthy tissues from radiation toxicity by triggering a G1/S arrest in normal cells.
The impact of tRNA modifications on translation in cancer: identifying novel therapeutic avenues
Authors: Añazco-Guenkova Ana M , Miguel-López Borja , Monteagudo-García Óscar , García-Vílchez Raquel , Blanco Sandra 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Recent advancements have illuminated the critical role of RNA modifications in post-transcriptional regulation, shaping the landscape of gene expression. This review explores how tRNA modifications emerge as critical players, fine-tuning functionalities that not only maintain the fidelity of protein synthesis but also dictate gene expression and translation profiles. Highlighting their dysregulation as a common denominator in various cancers, we systematically investigate the intersection of both cytosolic and mitochondrial tRNA modifications with cancer biology. These modifications impact key processes such as cell proliferation, tumorigenesis, migration, metastasis, bioenergetics and the modulation of the tumor immune microenvironment. The recurrence of altered tRNA modification patterns across different cancer types underscores their significance in cancer development, proposing them as potential biomarkers and as actionable targets to disrupt tumorigenic processes, offering new avenues for precision medicine in the battle against cancer.
mRNAid, an open-source platform for therapeutic mRNA design and optimization strategies
Authors: Vostrosablin Nikita , Lim Shuhui , Gopal Pooja , Brazdilova Kveta , Parajuli Sushmita , Wei Xiaona , Gromek Anna , Prihoda David , Spale Martin , Muzdalo Anja , Greig Jamie , Yeo Constance , Wardyn Joanna , Mejzlik Petr , Henry Brian , Partridge Anthony W , Bitton Danny A 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Recent COVID-19 vaccines unleashed the potential of mRNA-based therapeutics. A common bottleneck across mRNA-based therapeutic approaches is the rapid design of mRNA sequences that are translationally efficient, long-lived and non-immunogenic. Currently, an accessible software tool to aid in the design of such high-quality mRNA is lacking. Here, we present mRNAid, an open-source platform for therapeutic mRNA optimization, design and visualization that offers a variety of optimization strategies for sequence and structural features, allowing one to customize desired properties into their mRNA sequence. We experimentally demonstrate that transcripts optimized by mRNAid have characteristics comparable with commercially available sequences. To encompass additional aspects of mRNA design, we experimentally show that incorporation of certain uridine analogs and untranslated regions can further enhance stability, boost protein output and mitigate undesired immunogenicity effects. Finally, this study provides a roadmap for rational design of therapeutic mRNA transcripts.
Ordered mesoporous nanofibers mimicking vascular bundles for lithium metal batteries
Authors: Zhu Xiaohang , Liu Mengmeng , Bu Fanxing , Yue Xin-Yang , Fei Xiang , Zhou Yong-Ning , Ju Anqi , Yang Jianping , Qiu Pengpeng , Xiao Qi , Lin Chao , Jiang Wan , Wang Lianjun , Li Xiaopeng , Luo Wei 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
Hierarchical self-assembly with long-range order above centimeters widely exists in nature. Mimicking similar structures to promote reaction kinetics of electrochemical energy devices is of immense interest, yet remains challenging. Here, we report a bottom-up self-assembly approach to constructing ordered mesoporous nanofibers with a structure resembling vascular bundles via electrospinning. The synthesis involves self-assembling polystyrene (PS) homopolymer, amphiphilic diblock copolymer, and precursors into supramolecular micelles. Elongational dynamics of viscoelastic micelle solution together with fast solvent evaporation during electrospinning cause simultaneous close packing and uniaxial stretching of micelles, consequently producing polymer nanofibers consisting of oriented micelles. The method is versatile for the fabrication of large-scale ordered mesoporous nanofibers with adjustable pore diameter and various compositions such as carbon, SiO2, TiO2 and WO3. The aligned longitudinal mesopores connected side-by-side by tiny pores offer highly exposed active sites and expedite electron/ion transport. The assembled electrodes deliver outstanding performance for lithium metal batteries.
Mysteriously rapid rise in Legionnaires’ disease incidence correlates with declining atmospheric sulfur dioxide
Authors: Yu Fangqun , Nair Arshad A , Lauper Ursula , Luo Gan , Herb Jason , Morse Matthew , Savage Braden , Zartarian Martin , Wang Meng , Lin Shao 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Legionnaires’ disease (LD) is a severe form of pneumonia (∼10–25% fatality rate) caused by inhalation of aerosols containing Legionella, a pathogenic gram-negative bacteria. These bacteria can grow, spread, and aerosolize through building water systems. A recent dramatic increase in LD incidence has been observed globally, with a 9-fold increase in the United States from 2000 to 2018, and with disproportionately higher burden for socioeconomically vulnerable subgroups. Despite the focus of decades of research since the infamous 1976 outbreak, substantial knowledge gaps remain with regard to source of exposure and the reason(s) for the dramatic increase in LD incidence. Here, we rule out factors indicated in literature to contribute to its long-term increases and identify a hitherto unexplored explanatory factor. We also provide an epidemiological demonstration that the occurrence of LD is linked with exposure to cooling towers (CTs). Our results suggest that declining sulfur dioxide air pollution, which has many well-established health benefits, results in reduced acidity of aerosols emitted from CTs, which may prolong the survival duration of Legionella in contaminated CT droplets and contribute to the increase in LD incidence. Mechanistically associating decreasing aerosol acidity with this respiratory disease has implications for better understanding its transmission, predicting future risks, and informed design of preventive and interventional strategies that consider the complex impacts of continued sulfur dioxide changes.
Misinformation and harmful language are interconnected, rather than distinct, challenges
Authors: Mosleh Mohsen , Cole Rocky , Rand David G 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
There is considerable concern about users posting misinformation and harmful language on social media. Substantial—yet largely distinct—bodies of research have studied these two kinds of problematic content. Here, we shed light on both research streams by examining the relationship between the sharing of misinformation and the use of harmful language. We do so by creating and analyzing a dataset of 8,687,758 posts from N = 6,832 Twitter (now called X) users, and a dataset of N = 14,617 true and false headlines from professional fact-checking websites. Our analyses reveal substantial positive associations between misinformation and harmful language. On average, Twitter posts containing links to lower-quality news outlets also contain more harmful language (β = 0.10); and false headlines contain more harmful language than true headlines (β = 0.19). Additionally, Twitter users who share links to lower-quality news sources also use more harmful language—even in non-news posts that are unrelated to (mis)information (β = 0.13). These consistent findings across different datasets and levels of analysis suggest that misinformation and harmful language are related in important ways, rather than being distinct phenomena. At the same, however, the strength of associations is not sufficiently high to make the presence of harmful language a useful diagnostic for information quality: most low-quality information does not contain harmful language, and a considerable fraction of high-quality information does contain harmful language. Overall, our results underscore important opportunities to integrate these largely disconnected strands of research and understand their psychological connections.
Current and future advances in practice: aromatase inhibitor–induced arthralgia
Authors: Kim Sara , Chen Nan , Reid Pankti 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) have shown great success as adjuvant therapy for post-menopausal women with hormone receptor–positive breast cancers. AI-induced arthralgia (AIA) is a frequent AI toxicity contributing to non-adherence and discontinuation. This review aims to understand current knowledge of AIA. The mean incidence of AIA was 39.1% and the mean discontinuation of AI therapy due to AIA was 9.3%. Most of the AIAs were non-inflammatory. A shorter time since the last menstrual period and pre-existing joint pain were risk factors. Vitamin D3 supplementation may be a preventative measure and treatment with duloxetine, acupuncture and/or exercise is supported by large randomized controlled trials. There was consistent improvement in AIAs with switching to an alternate AI, and this could additionally allow continuation of cancer treatment with AI. Further research is needed to identify predictive biomarkers, better characterize AIA subcategories and study more reliable therapeutic options.
A double-network porous hydrogel based on high internal phase emulsions as a vehicle for potassium sucrose octasulfate delivery accelerates diabetic wound healing
Authors: Wang Zhiwei , Sun Lingshun , Wang Weixing , Wang Zheng , Shi Ge , Dai Honglian , Yu Aixi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Diabetic wounds are a difficult medical challenge. Excessive secretion of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in diabetic wounds further degrades the extracellular matrix and growth factors and causes severe vascular damage, which seriously hinders diabetic wound healing. To solve these issues, a double-network porous hydrogel composed of poly (methyl methacrylate-co-acrylamide) (p(MMA-co-AM)) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was constructed by the high internal phase emulsion (HIPE) technique for the delivery of potassium sucrose octasulfate (PSO), a drug that can inhibit MMPs, increase angiogenesis and improve microcirculation. The hydrogel possessed a typical polyHIPE hierarchical microstructure with interconnected porous morphologies, high porosity, high specific surface area, excellent mechanical properties and suitable swelling properties. Meanwhile, the p(MMA-co-AM)/PVA@PSO hydrogel showed high drug-loading performance and effective PSO release. In addition, both in vitro and in vivo studies showed that the p(MMA-co-AM)/PVA@PSO hydrogel had good biocompatibility and significantly accelerated diabetic wound healing by inhibiting excessive MMP-9 in diabetic wounds, increasing growth factor secretion, improving vascularization, increasing collagen deposition and promoting re-epithelialization. Therefore, this study provided a reliable therapeutic strategy for diabetic wound healing, some theoretical basis and new insights for the rational design and preparation of wound hydrogel dressings with high porosity, high drug-loading performance and excellent mechanical properties.
National Beef Quality Audit-2022 Phase 1: face-to-face and digital interviews
Authors: Smith Colton L , Thompson Tyler W , Harr Keayla , Goretska Macey , Mayer Thachary R , Schwartz Trent E , Borders Sydni E , Gehring Kerri B , Bass Phil D , Pfeiffer Morgan M , Mafi Gretchen G , Pendell Dustin L , Morgan J Brad , Griffin Davey B , Savell Jeffrey W , Scanga John A , Nair Mahesh N , Belk Keith E 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The National Beef Quality Audit (NBQA) has been conducted regularly since 1991 to assess and benchmark quality in the U.S. beef industry, with the most recent iteration conducted in 2022. The goal of NBQA Phase I is to evaluate what needs to be managed to improve beef quality and demand. Interviews (n = 130) of industry personnel were conducted with the aid of routing software. In total, packers (n = 24), retailers (n = 20), further processors (n = 26), foodservice (n = 18), and allied government agencies and trade organizations (n = 42) were interviewed. Interviews were routed in software based on interviewee involvement in either the fed steer and heifer market cow and bull sectors, or both. Interviews were structured to elicit random responses in the order of determining “must-have” criteria (quality factors that are required to make a purchase), best/worst ranking (of quality factors based on importance), how interviewees defined quality terms, a strength, weakness, opportunities, threats (SWOT) analysis, general beef industry questions, and sustainability goals (the latter four being open-ended). Quality factors were 1) visual characteristics, 2) cattle genetics, 3) food safety, 4) eating satisfaction, 5) animal well-being, 6) weight and size, and 7) lean, fat, and bone. Best/worst analysis revealed that “food safety” was the most (P &lt; 0.05) important factor in beef purchasing decisions for all market sectors and frequently was described as “everything” and “a way of business.” Culture surrounding food safety changed compared to previous NBQAs with interviewees no longer considering food safety as a purchasing criterion, but rather as a market expectation. The SWOT analysis indicated that “eating quality of U.S. beef” was the greatest strength, and cited that educating both consumers and producers on beef production would benefit the industry. Irrespective of whether companies’ products were fed or market cow/bull beef, respondents said that they believed “environmental concerns” were among the major threats to the industry. Perceived image of the beef industry in the market sectors has improved since NBQA-2016 for both fed cattle and market cow/bull beef.
Implementation support for the data-driven components of care in a multisite network of coordinated specialty care programs
Authors: Oluwoye Oladunni , Siddiqi Khairul A , Stokes Bryony , Stokes Sheldon 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Beyond training providers prior to the roll-out of coordinated specialty care (CSC) for first-episode psychosis in clinical settings, implementation support for data-informed care remains an area that has received very little attention. The current paper describes the development and refinement of implementation support for the data-driven components of care in the New Journeys network, Washington State’s CSC model for psychosis, comprised of 14 CSC programs. Using the Evidence-Based System for Innovation Support Logic Model, this paper outlines the individual components for implementation support, tools, training, technical assistance, and quality improvement/evaluation that have been developed for the New Journeys network. We present examples of modifications that have occurred over nine years to address the needs of clients, providers, and state-level network administrators to facilitate the data-driven components of care. We conclude with recommendations based on lessons learned in Washington State aimed at improving implementation of data-driven care in CSC models throughout the USA.
Swine influenza A virus infection dynamics and evolution in intensive pig production systems
Authors: Lagan Paula , Hamil Michael , Cull Susan , Hanrahan Anthony , Wregor Rosanna M , Lemon Ken 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Swine influenza A virus (swIAV) is one of the main viral pathogens responsible for respiratory disease in farmed pigs. While outbreaks are often epidemic in nature, increasing reports suggest that continuous, endemic infection of herds is now common. The move towards larger herd sizes and increased intensification in the commercial pig industry may promote endemic infection; however, the impact that intensification has on swIAV infection dynamics and evolution is unclear. We carried out a longitudinal surveillance study for over 18 months on two enzootically infected, intensive, indoor, and multi-site pig production flows. Frequent sampling of all production stages using individual and group sampling methods was performed, followed by virological and immunological testing and whole-genome sequencing. We identified weaned pigs between 4 and 12-weeks old as the main reservoir of swIAV in the production flows, with continuous, year-round infection. Despite the continuous nature of viral circulation, infection levels were not uniform, with increasing exposure at the herd level associated with reduced viral prevalence followed by subsequent rebound infection. A single virus subtype was maintained on each farm for the entire duration of the study. Viral evolution was characterised by long periods of stasis punctuated by periods of rapid change coinciding with increasing exposure within the herd. An accumulation of mutations in the surface glycoproteins consistent with antigenic drift was observed, in addition to amino acid substitutions in the internal gene products as well as reassortment exchange of internal gene segments from newly introduced strains. These data demonstrate that long-term, continuous infection of herds with a single subtype is possible and document the evolutionary mechanisms utilised to achieve this.