bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SPECIFIC INHIBITION OF LYMPHOID COMPLEMENT RECEPTORS BY ANTI‐H‐2 SERA: EVIDENCE FOR A NEW H‐2 LINKED POLYMORPHISM
Authors: Arnaiz‐Villena A. , Halloran P. , David C. S. , Festenstein H. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYCertain anti‐H‐2 sera contain an antibody‐like activity which specifically inhibits EAC rosette formation by lymphoid (and not myeloid) cells of certain mouse strains. Studies in congenic recombinant mouse strains strongly indicate that at least part of the control of susceptibility to inhibition by these antisera is mediated by H‐2 linked genes, mapping in the I‐C subregion or the S region. The strain distribution of the trait CRIS indicates that certain H‐2 identical mice behave differently from one another, pointing toward a component of non‐H‐2 modulation of the H‐2 linked gene (or to a previously unsuspected H‐2 difference). Positive sera were usually raised across differences in the D end of the H‐2 complex. The complex implications of this system must be considered in the light of known S region involvement in complement metabolism.
COMMON ORIGIN AND EVOLUTION OF VARIABLE AND CONSTANT REGIONS OF IMMUNOGLOBULINS
Authors: Wuilmart C. , Urbain J. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYSequence data show that the immunoglobulins evolved from two sets of paralogous genes: a gene set coding for the V regions and another for the different C regions.A comparison of sequences from these two gene sets shows homology between the V and C sets of genes: this homology is only significant when VH is compared with Cμ1, Cμ2 and Cγ1. There is a close agreement between our data drawn from sequence comparisons and the data of Poljak et al. (1974) drawn from crystallographic data.This finding is in agreement with the results of the phylogenetic trees of the C and V gene sets: they suggest that the VH subgroups and the first constant domain of the heavy chains are the most ancient. Moreover homology between the red blood cell glycophorin and Cμ2 suggests that immunoglobulins could have a common origin with some membrane proteins.
HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN (HDL) POLYMORPHISMS IN RABBIT II. A STUDY OF THE INHERITED HI 1 AND R 67 ANTIGENS IN RELATION TO HDL POLYPEPTIDES
Authors: Børresen Anne‐Lise 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYRabbit high density lipoprotein (HDL) has been isolated by ultracentrifugation, delipidated by ether and ethanol, and treated with urea prior to separation of the different polypeptides by gel nitration. The two different genetic polymorphisms known in rabbit HDL were found to reside in two different polypeptides. This conclusion was reached in experiments where a quantitative radial immunodiffusion technique was employed. The results of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in SDS indicate that the H1 1 antigen resides in a polypeptide chain with a molecular weight of 40,000, whereas the R 67 antigen resides in a chain with a molecular weight of 17,000.
CHROMOSOMAL ASSIGNMENT OF THE HL‐A COMMON ANTIGENIC DETERMINANTS IN MAN‐MOUSE SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS*
Authors: Smith Moyra , Gold P. , Shuster J. , Tanigaki N. , Pressman D. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYIn the study presented here, man‐mouse somatic cell hybrid clones were examined by means of radioimmunoassays for the presence of both β2‐microglobulin (β2m) and the HL‐A xenoantigenic determinant. In addition, the clones were examined for their karyotype and the expression of enzymes with known chromosomal assignments. The results obtained indicate that the gene coding for the HL‐A xenoantigenic determinant is carred on chromosome 6. The data obtained provides a direct demonstration that the gene coding for β2m segregates independently of that coding for the alloantigenic polypeptide chain of the HL‐A molecule, and that the gene coding for β2m is carried on chromosome 15.
ENZYMATIC CONVERSION OF HUMAN GROUP O RED CELLS INTO GROUP B ACTIVE CELLS BY α‐D‐GALACTOSYLTRANSFERASES OF SERA AND SALIVAS FROM GROUP B AND ITS VARIANT TYPES
Authors: Kogure T. , Furukawa K. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYSalivas from group B secretor or non‐secretor, acting on O red cells in the presence of UDP‐galactose, each converted them into B active cells, which were agglutinated against anti‐B human serum (1:512) at the titre of thirty‐two‐fold, while secretor or non‐secretor group AB salivas converted O red cells into B active cells, which were agglutinated by anti‐B human serum (1:512) at the titre of eight‐ to sixteen‐fold. The results indicate that the α‐galactosyltransferases which participate in the biosynthesis of group B substance are secreted in group B or AB salivas of both secretor and non‐secretor types as well as in their sera.Agglutinabilities of enzymatically converted B‐active red cells against anti‐B human serum indicate that α‐galactosyltransferase activities of both serum and saliva from a weak B (Bw) individual, who has weak B antigens in red cells and saliva, were lower than those of normal group B.The α‐galactosyltransferase activities in group Bm sera were lower than those of normal group B, while the enzyme activities in salivas of group Bm were demonstrated to the same degree in normal group B salivas.
AN IMMUNOGLOBULIN IN NEWFOUNDLAND WITH THE GENETIC MARKER Glm(z) WITHOUT Glm(a) IN FIVE SIBLINGS. A POSSIBLE HYBRID MOLECULE
Authors: van Loghem Erna , Buehler S. K. , de Lange G. , Marshall W. H. , Newton R. M. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYInheritance of Glm(z) without Glm(a) was found in five members of a Newfoundland family. The investigations were suggestive for the transmission of a Gm haplotype (z; n‐; g) coding for Glm(z) and nGlm(a) at the Fd and Fc parts, respectively, of the IgGl heavy chain.
ATTEMPT AT ‘IMMUNOLOGICAL CASTRATION’ AS AN APPROACH TO THE PROBLEM OF THE INVOLVEMENT OF TESTOSTERONE IN CONTROL OF EXPRESSION OF CERTAIN MOUSE ANTIGENS
Authors: Vojtíšková M. , Voráčová B. , Holík J. , Havránek M. , Matoušek V. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYAdult male mice of the strain B10.A were immunized with a testosterone‐protein conjugate, testosterone‐3‐(O‐carboxymethyl)‐oxime‐bovine serum albumin which contained 27·75 steroid residues/mol BSA. Two different immunization doses of the conjugate were used, respectively, 2 × 40 μg and 2 × 200 μg in complete Freund's adjuvant or in alum adjuvant. There were two groups of control males, non‐immunized and immunized with BSA in adjuvant. In the pooled immune sera, antibodies to testosterone were determined by radioimmunoassay; their titre ranged between 7 and 10. On histological sections of testes, inhibition of spermatogenesis (manifested by a lower frequency or even absence of tubules producing mature sperm, reduced frequency of tubular cells and their degenerative changes) was observed in almost all males immunized with the higher dose of the conjugate. In such animals, increased frequency of interstitial cells (except vascular elements) and enlarged nuclei of Leydig cells were found. In spite of these signs of a hyperproduction of testosterone by the Leydig cells, the product seemed to have lacked its normal biological activity as suggested not only by the low activity of spermatogenesis, but also by a significantly subnormal level of the androgen‐dependent serum protein Ss.
CAD(SUPER Sda) IN A BRITISH FAMILY WITH EASTERN CONNECTIONS: A NOTE ON THE SPECIFICITY OF THE DOLICHOS BIFLORUS LECTIN
Authors: Bird G. W. G. , Wingham June 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYCad, Sd(a++) or Super Sda is a rare, inherited, dominant blood group character which is of much interest, not only with regard to problems in pretransfusion tests (erythrocyte polyagglutination) but also in the field of lectin specificity. We have studied this blood group character in a British family with Eastern connections and present a brief account of its serological and clinical importance. Most persons are Sd(a+) but there is a wide distribution of antigen strength, ranging from ordinary Sd(a+) to Cad. Most persons also have weak anti‐Sda in their serum; this is ordinarily of no clinical importance, but could cause problems if Cad bloods are transfused. The chief structural determinant of Cad specificity is N‐acetyl‐d‐galactosamine in α‐linked position, yet it is clearly distinguishable by use of appropriate lectins from other blood group antigens, A and Tn, which also have this acetyl‐hexosamine as their chief structural determinant. A method for the rapid identification of Cad, applicable to all ABO groups, is described. The lectin of Dolichos biflorus, which is specific for N‐acetyl‐d‐galactosamine in α‐linked position, reacts strongly with A(A1), Tn and Cad cells, its action on Cad cells being much the strongest. Absorption‐elution studies show that one and the same lectin reacts with both A1 and Tn cells. Absorption with Cad cells abolishes activity for A1, Tn and Cad cells; whereas absorption with A1 or Tn cells leaves activity for Cad. This does not necessarily indicate that anti‐Cad is a separate component since the same result can be obtained by simply diluting the Dolichos reagent. However, eluates from Cad cells react only with Cad cells, whereas eluates from A1 or Tn cells react with A1, Tn and Cad cells.
HLA ANTIGEN STUDIES IN A FAMILY WITH C2 DEFICIENCY
Authors: Opelz G. , Glovsky M. M. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYTwo children in a family were found to be homozygous for C2 deficiency; both parents and a third child were heterozygous. C2 deficiency was associated with the HLA haplotypes carrying the antigens B18 and DW2. Antigen A10 was absent in this family. Mixed lymphocyte culture studies among the family members confirmed the association of C2 deficiency with the HLA‐D locus.
STUDIES ON THE MEMBRANE GLYCOPROTEIN DEFECT OF En(a‐) ERYTHROCYTES
Authors: Dahr W. , Uhlenbruck G. , Wagstaff W. , Leikola J. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYEn(a‐) and EnaEn red cells from different sources were studied using biochemical and serological methods. The results suggest that Finnish En(a–) erythrocytes contain only ‘N’ but no M antigenic properties. Data on the members of the English En(a‐) family suggest that English En(a‐) red cells exhibit a combination of three rare alterations. The English En(a–) individuals are apparently heterozygous for the defects En and Mk. In addition, the ‘N’ receptor on the Ss glycoprotein is, to all appearances, converted to a M (‘M’) antigen. These extraordinary data are brought to light by investigations on the children of the propositus (G.P. and J.P.), whose red cells are M‐N+S‐s+‘N’+‘M’‐ and M‐N+S+s+‘N’+‘M’+ respectively. Sodium dodecylsulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic results indicate that the MN glycoprotein content is decreased by about 50 % in all English S+s+EnaEn red cells, the Ss glycoprotein being normal. G.P. erythrocytes, however, have only about half of the normal MN and Ss glycoprotein content.
ABSORPTION ANALYSIS OF H‐2D AND K ANTIGENS ON SPERMATOZOA
Authors: Erickson R. P. , Gachelin G. , Fellous M. , Jacob F. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYThe presence of H‐2D and K antigens on mouse spermatozoa has been investigated by absorption followed by testing on the proper target lymphocytes. It is concluded that, in addition to Ia antigens, H‐2D and K antigens are indeed expressed on mouse sperm cells.
CYTOTOXIC INTERACTIONS OF VIRUS SPECIFIC EFFECTOR CELLS WITH VIRUS INFECTED TARGETS OF DIFFERENT CELL TYPE*
Authors: Koszinowski U. , Ertl Hildegund 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYThe action of Sendai virus specific cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTL) against Sendai virus infected macrophages was found to be H‐2 restricted while Sendai virus infected cell lines, including fibroblasts and tumour cells, were lysed across the H‐2 barrier to some extent. The properties of the Meth‐A tumour cell, which was resistant to lysis by allogenic killer cells was investigated. Sendai virus specific CTL failed to kill Sendai virus infected Meth‐A cells but after vaccinia virus infection these target cells were susceptible to lysis by vaccinia virus specific CTL.
HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN (HDL) POLYMORPHISMS IN RABBIT: PRODUCTION OF ANTIBODY TO RABBIT ALLOTYPE (R 67) IN SHEEP
Authors: Børresen Anne‐Lise 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYAntiserum to a rabbit HDL allotype has been produced in a sheep. Qualitative and quantitative immunological tests of whole rabbit serum and purified HDL polypeptides, as well as association tests, showed that the absorbed sheep immune serum reacts with the HDL allotype referred to as R 67.
SOME IMMUNOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF Lea ‐AND Leb‐ACTIVE SUBSTANCES IN HUMAN URINE
Authors: Shinohara T. , Yamamoto S. , Iseki S. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYLea‐ and Leb‐active substances present in normal human urine were isolated by sequential membrane filtration, column chromatography with DEAE‐Sephadex (A‐25), and gel filtration of Bio‐Gel (P‐6). Lea‐active substance with the highest activity was obtained in the P‐1 fraction (0.8 mg/1) from urine of a non‐secretor type by the final gel filtration. Leb‐active substance with the highest activity was also obtained in the P‐1 fraction (0.2 mg/1) from urine of a secretor type. The P‐1 of the non‐secretor inhibited Lea‐anti‐Lea haemagglutination minimally at 4 μg/ml, and the P‐1 of the secretor inhibited Leb‐anti‐Leb haemagglutination at 1 μg/ml. Both P‐1 fractions possessing Lea or Leb activity were characteristic in having a much higher fucose content than other isolated fractions, and seemed to be complex carbohydrates with molecular weights of the order of 4–5 × 103.
HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGENS AND OTHER GENETIC MARKERS IN ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS AND INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES
Authors: Berg‐Loonen Ella M. van den , Dekker‐Saeys Betty J. , Meuwissen S. G. M. , Nijenhuis L. E. , Engelfriet C. P. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYOf 118 Dutch patients suffering from ankylosing spondylitis (AS) 81.4% were found to be positive for the HLA antigen B27. The B27 frequency proved to be significantly higher in patients in whom the disease had an early onset.In addition to B27, another HLA antigen may be associated with AS; the antigen Bw16 was found to be significantly increased in B27 negative AS patients.HLA phenotype frequencies were also determined in 109 patients with idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In fifty‐eight ulcerative colitis (UC) patients a raised incidence of A11 was noticed. In fifty‐one patients with Crohn's disease (CD) the antigen B18 showed an increased frequency. Both deviations were statistically significant. In thirty‐nine patients suffering from both AS and IBD 50% proved to be B27 positive, which is significantly different from the B27 frequency in patients with AS alone. In the B27 negative patients with AS and IBD an increased frequency of Bw16 was also shown.
THE EFFECT OF PREGNANCY ON LYMPH NODE WEIGHT IN THE MOUSE
Authors: Hetherington C. M. , Humber D.P. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYLumbar and renal lymph nodes, inguinal lymph nodes and spleen weights were recorded during pregnancy in mice after mating with males of the same (syngeneic) or a different (allogeneic) strain. The weights of these nodes increased during pregnancy. Spleen weights increased up to the fifteenth day of pregnancy and then decreased in weight. There was no consistent correlation of any of these measurements with the extent of the antigenic dissimilarity between mother and conceptus.
A STUDY OF THE INCREASED SERUM LEVEL OF IgG1 IN ‘LETHARGIC’ MICE COMBINED WITH A DEPRESSED THYMUS‐DEPENDENT LYMPHOID SYSTEM
Authors: Dung H. C. , Lawson R. L. , Stevens M. , Walker Gail A. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYIn a series of recent studies on ‘lethargic’ mice, a neurological mutation of the mouse, significant abnormalities were discovered in the thymus and its dependent regions in the lymph nodes and spleen. The present study was made as an approach toward finding the possible causes for these abnormalities. Serum IgG1 levels were studied in ‘lethargic’ mutants at the age when severe deficiency of the thymus‐dependent lymphoid system is known to occur in the animal. Using the radial immunodiffusion method, it was found that serum IgG1 levels are always significantly higher in ‘lethargic’ mice than in their normal littermates. Possible causes of the higher IgG1 in the serum of ‘lethargic’ mice are discussed. The authors note the similarities of other mouse mutations to that of the ‘lethargic’ mouse and propose the possibility that a common mechanism may account for immunologic deficiencies in several types of mutant mice.
ANALYSIS OF GENETIC DIFFERENCES IN EARLY VERSUS LATE AGGLUTINABILITY WITH H‐2 ANTIBODIES OF NEONATAL MOUSE ERYTHROCYTES
Authors: Boubelík M. , Lengerová Alena 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYNeonatal red blood cells (RBC) of some mouse strains are agglutinable by H‐2 antibodies immediately after birth (early strains, E) while others only on day 3 (late strains, L). Previous genetic analysis led to the conclusion that there are at least three ‘temporal’ genes controlling the timing of agglutinability. In the present study, we attempted to throw some light on the way in which these genes function by defining the phenotypic difference(s) between H‐2 agglutinable (E) and non‐agglutinable (L) neonatal RBC. We found that the E vs L difference was not manifested in two other assays, for in agglutination with lectins (Con A and PHA) both cell types behaved as E while in formation of alloclusters with H‐2 specific lymphocytes both behaved as L. Unlike H‐2aE, H‐2aL (native) neonatal RBC had virtually no detectable antibody‐absorbing capacity, however, following digestion with trypsin or neuraminidase (NANAse) they acquired both antibody‐absorbing capacity and agglutinability. In contrast to it, adult RBC lost agglutinability following GA‐fixation, but this could not be counteracted by trypsinization. Neonatal H‐2aL RBC could be made agglutinable by the action of dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) or by an admixture of adult H‐2a RBC. The results are thus compatible with a hypothesis that the H‐2 receptors on neonatally non‐agglutinable (L) RBC are not absent, but in a state interfering with agglutinability; a poor accessibility to antibody may be due to a rigid integration of H‐2 sites with the cell membrane which prevents their antibody‐mediated juxtaposition to similarly rigid receptors on other cells. The possible nature of the allelic difference between E and L H‐2 receptors is discussed.
PGM3 LOCUS AND ITS GENETIC POLYMORPHISM IN LYMPHOCYTES OF THE PIG
Authors: Pretorius A. M. G. , Schmid D. O. , Cwik S. , Meyer J. , Albert* E. D. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYPGM3 activity was investigated by means of horizontal starch gel electrophoresis. In the pig of the German Landrace three different phenotypes have been recognized: F, S and FS. Family studies suggest the occurrence of at least two alleles –PGM3F and the PGM3S at an autosomal locus.
COMPARISON OF HAPLOTYPES OF THE MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX IN THE RAT II. SEROLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE HAPLOTYPES H‐1a (Ag‐B4), H‐1d (Ag‐B9) and H‐1f (Ag‐B10)
Authors: Kunz H. W. , &Scaron;tark O. , III Gill T. J. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYThe strongly cross‐reacting haplotypes of the inbred strains DA, ACI, ACP, MR, BD V and AS2, and of the congenic lines LEW.1A, LEW.1D and LEW. 1F, were explored. All of these inbred strains and these congenic lines type with anti‐Ag‐B4 antisera raised against the DA strain, which behaved as operationally mono‐specific in previously reported studies of the eight currently defined Ag‐B haplotypes. Serological analyses showed that this cross‐reactivity was due to antibodies against public antigenic specificities which were not previously recognized as being in the anti‐Ag‐B4 antisera, due to the fact that the LEW.1D and LEW. 1F animals were not available for testing. With the use of appropriate antisera and of absorption studies, two haplotypes in the H‐1 system were found not to have been previously identified in the Ag‐B system. The animals carrying the H‐1d haplotype (MR, BD V and LEW.1D) have been designated as Ag‐B9, and those carrying the H‐1f haplotype (AS2 and LEW.1F) have been designated as Ag‐B10. With the proper absorptions, an anti‐Ag‐B4 antiserum can be prepared which reacts only with the DA, ACI and ACP strains, and it will henceforth be used as the operationally mono‐specific Ag‐B4 typing reagent. A variety of typing experiments showed that the results using antisera raised in Pittsburgh and in Prague and using the Ficoll and dextran haemagglutination methods were the same.
STUDY OF THE α‐N‐ACETYLGALACTOSAMINYLTRANSFERASE IN SERA AND RED CELL MEMBRANES OF HUMAN A SUBGROUPS
Authors: Cartron J. P. , Badet J. , Mulet C. , Salmon Ch. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYThe product of the A blood group gene in the erythrocyte membrane and serum from ‘weak A’ variants was investigated using low and high molecular weight acceptors and compared with common A1 and A2 blood samples. A reduced enzyme activity was detected, but only in some of the A variants, namely the A3 (eight out of eleven), Am or Ay samples. Other sera from A3 (three out of eleven), Ax, Aend or Ael individuals were apparently devoid of enzyme activity.A kinetic study by temperature inactivation of A blood group sera also showed that A enzymes are more labile than B enzymes from BI or BII sera. Moreover, in one case (A3 sample Del.), a very fast inactivation of the A enzyme was observed, suggesting the occurrence of a variant enzyme qualitatively different from the others so far studied.The erythrocyte membrane preparations from all A variants contained no detectable A enzyme activity except for the A1 and A2 samples, the former being three to five times more active than the latter. The B enzyme activities from four samples of B RBC tested were comparatively stronger than the A enzyme activity of A1 RBC.The results were discussed and it was suggested that the synthesis and/or the secretion of the A enzyme in the organism is not uniform from one tissue to another, but could depend on which of the ‘weak A’ alleles or modifier genes is involved.
STUDIES ON THE MEMBRANE GLYCOPROTEIN DEFECT OF En (a‐) ERYTHROCYTES
Authors: Dahr W. , Uhlenbruck G. , Leikola J. , Wagstaff W. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYSodium dodecylsulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic methods and quantitative analyses of the N‐terminal amino acids were applied to the sialoglycoprotein mixture and glycoprotein fractions from normal erythrocyte membranes, as well as preparations from red cells of individuals belonging to the English and Finnish En(a‐) families. The data confirm the observation by alternative methods that SS cells exhibit a higher Ss glycoprotein content than ss erythrocytes. The results of end‐group analyses suggest that the N‐terminal amino acids serine and leucine represent the structures differentiating the MN and the ‘M’ and ‘N’ antigens on the MN and Ss glycoproteins respectively. Data from peptide sequence analyses confirm that the glycine/glutamic acid polymorphism at the fifth position of the MN glycoprotein's peptide chain is closely or absolutely linked with the serine/leucine polymorphism at its N‐terminal position. As normal (EnaEna) red cells exhibiting ‘M’ antigenic properties have not been detected, the hypothesis is proposed that the Ss glycoprotein of English En(a‐) erythrocytes possesses an MN‐Ss hybrid polypeptide chain analogous to those of the δ‐β Lepore haemoglobins.
PRESENCE OF SLA AND Ia‐LIKE ANTIGEN ON BOAR SPERMATOZOA
Authors: Vaiman M. , Fellous M. , Wiels J. , Renard C. , Lecointre J. , du Mesnil du Buisson F. , Dausset J. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYSeveral parameters for serological tests on boar spermatozoa were studied, and a reliable technique was developed and employed. Using SLA (the MHC system in pig) genotyped boars, and specific reagents, SLA and Ia‐like antigens were demonstrated on the sperm using both the cytotoxic and the absorption test. No SLA activity was detected in the seminal fluid.
PLACENTAL AND FOETAL WEIGHT IN THE NUDE MOUSE
Authors: Hetherington C. M. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYPlacental and foetal weight and litter size were studied on the 18th day of pregnancy in the athymic nude mouse. Placental weight and litter size were unaffected by the absence of a thymus. Foetal weight was reduced, probably as a result of the health status of such animals.