bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Out‐of‐plane deformations of the heme group in different ferrocytochrome c proteins probed by resonance Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Hagarman Andrew , Wallace Carmichael J. , Laberge Monique M. , Schweitzer‐Stenner Reinhard 
Published: July 2008

AbstractWe measured the low‐wavenumber polarized resonance Raman spectra of horse heart (hhc), chicken (chc) and yeastC102T (yc) ferrocytochromes c with Soret excitation. We examined the out‐of‐plane (oop) deformations of the heme groups by virtue of relative intensities and depolarization ratios of a variety of oop and in‐plane (ip) Raman active bands. Analysis of relative Raman intensities shows differences in deviation from planarity of the heme groups of yeast, horse heart and chicken cytochromes c. The heme groups in cytochrome c proteins have been shown by normal coordinate static deformation (NSD) analysis from crystal structures to exhibit a dominant ruffling (B1u) deformation. As a consequence the B1u modes, γ10 − γ12, become resonance Raman active. We used normalized Raman intensity ratios and depolarization ratios of oop Raman active modes, whose intensities are attributable to specific nonplanar deformations, to estimate and compare their Franck‐Condon‐type and Jahn‐Teller‐type coupling magnitudes for horse heart, chicken and yeast ferrocytochrome c at neutral pH. These coupling magnitudes allow for a quantitative comparison of oop deformations between individual heme groups. Chicken ferrocytochrome was found to have the largest ruffling deformation of the three investigated proteins, followed by horse heart and yeast cytochrome c. The heme group of the former is slightly more ruffled than the corresponding active site of the latter, while saddling in both proteins is substantially larger than in chicken ferrocytochrome c. The Raman data are sensitive enough to allow a comparison of lesser deformations. Doming, which is a kinetic coordinate in many heme proteins, is largest in chicken and smallest in yeast cytochrome c. Waving is largest in yeast, followed by horse heart and chicken cytochrome c. Propellering deformations could be compared for chicken and horse heart cytochrome c and were found to be substantially larger in the latter. A comparison with heme deformations obtained from X‐ray structures (for horse heart and yeast cytochrome c) and from molecular dynamics simulations (MDS) (performed for all three proteins) yields some agreement with the main ruffling and saddling deformations derived from the crystal structures, whereas the heme conformations produced by MDS seem to account better for smaller deformations like doming and propellering. The present study demonstrates the usefulness of resonance Raman spectroscopy for the analysis of nonplanar deformations in heme proteins. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Expression of mismatch repair proteins, hMLH1/hMSH2, in non‐small cell lung cancer tissues and its clinical significance
Authors: Kouso Hidenori , Yoshino Ichiro , Miura Naoko , Takenaka Tomoyoshi , Ohba Taro , Yohena Tomofumi , Osoegawa Atsushi , Shoji Fumihiro , Maehara Yoshihiko 
Published: July 2008

AbstractBackgroundhMLH1 and hMSH2 have been implicated to be involved in the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) system. The purpose of this study is to investigate the expression of hMLH1 and hMSH2 DNA MMR proteins in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissue and to elucidate their clinical significance.MethodsThe hMLH1 and hMSH2 protein expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry for a consecutive series of 113 NSCLC patients. The expressions of each protein were examined for an association with the clinicopathological variables, including genetic alterations analyzed by high resolution fluorescent microsatellite analysis.ResultsRegarding the hMLH1 expression, the MSI‐positive patients showed significantly lower scores than the MSI‐negative patients. For hMSH2 expression, the patients with a 20 or higher pack‐year index (PYI) showed significantly higher scores than the patients with a PYI less than 20. The expression status of proteins did not affect both the disease free and overall survival of the patients. No significant correlation was observed among the scores for the proteins.ConclusionsThe expressions of hMLH1 and hMSH2 are independently regulated and play different roles in NSCLC. The genetic instability is possibly due to the reduced expression of hMLH1 protein, and hMSH2 expression is associated with smoking status. J. Surg. Oncol. 2008;98:377–383. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Response to interferon therapy affects risk factors for postoperative recurrence of hepatitis C virus‐related hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Uenishi Takahiro , Nishiguchi Shuhei , Tanaka Shogo , Yamamoto Takatsugu , Takemura Shigekazu , Kubo Shoji 
Published: July 2008

AbstractBackgroundInterferon therapy might reduce recurrence after resection of hepatitis C virus‐related hepatocellular carcinoma, especially among sustained virologic or biochemical responders.MethodsOf 209 patients who underwent curative resection for early‐stage hepatitis C virus related hepatocellular carcinoma, 70 patients underwent interferon therapy. A sustained virologic or biochemical response was achieved in 40 patients (SVR/BR group). Thirty no responders and 139 patients who had not received interferon therapy were classified as the NR/non‐IFN group. Risk factors for postoperative recurrence in each group were analyzed.ResultsThe tumor‐free survival rates in the SVR/BR group were significantly higher than those in the NR/non‐IFN group. By multivariate analysis, the presence of multiple tumors was independently associated with recurrence after resection in both groups, while histologic evidence of cirrhosis was another independent risk factor for postoperative recurrence in the NR/non‐IFN group.ConclusionsNewly multicentric carcinogenesis after resection could be suppressed when active hepatitis is controlled by interferon therapy. Patients with single hepatitis C virus related hepatocellular carcinoma detected after successful interferon therapy are good candidates for surgical resection. Adjuvant interferon therapy might be indicated for patients who undergo curative resection for single hepatocellular carcinoma associated with hepatitis C. J. Surg. Oncol. 2008;98:358–362. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Feasibility of laparoscopic sentinel basin dissection for limited resection in early gastric cancer
Authors: Lee Jun Ho , Ryu Keun Won , Kook Myeong‐Cherl , Lee Jong Yeul , Kim Chan Gyoo , Choi Il Ju , Kim Seok‐Ki , Jang Seyoun , Park Sook Ryun , Kim Young Woo , Nam Byung‐Ho , Bae Jae‐Moon 
Published: July 2008

AbstractBackgroundThe clinical applications of sentinel node (SN) biopsies in early gastric cancer are limited because of low sensitivity. Sentinel basin (SB) dissection has been suggested as alternative to SN biopsy to improve sensitivity. The aim of this study was to examine the feasibility of laparoscopic SB dissection.MethodsTwenty‐one gastric adenocarcinoma patients of cT1N0 were enrolled. Technetium 99 m human serum albumin and indocyanine green were injected into the submucosal layer around tumor using an intraoperative endoscope. Green‐stained or radioactive lymphatic basins were detected and defined as SBs. After laparoscopic SB dissection, laparoscopy‐assisted gastrectomy with D2 lymphadenectomy was performed. Dissected SB nodes and non‐SB nodes were evaluated for metastasis pathologically.ResultsThe SB detection rate was 95.2%. Numbers of SBs were one in 6, two in 10, and three in 4 patients. The mean number of SB nodes was 7.0. Two patients with lymph node metastasis were diagnosed by SB dissection. Mean time of laparoscopic SB dissection procedure was 15.2 min.ConclusionsAbove findings suggest that laparoscopic SB dissection is technically feasible, and it might have better sensitivity than SN biopsy. However, the validity of this procedure should be evaluated in a larger series before being clinically applied. J. Surg. Oncol. 2008;98:331–335. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Stability of travelling wave solutions to a semilinear hyperbolic system with relaxation
Authors: Ueda Yoshihiro 
Published: July 2008

AbstractWe study a semilinear hyperbolic system with relaxation and investigate the asymptotic stability of travelling wave solutions with shock profile. It is shown that the travelling wave solution is asymptotically stable, provided the initial disturbance is suitably small. Moreover, we show that the time convergence rate is polynomially (resp. exponentially) fast ast→∞ if the initial disturbance decays polynomially (resp. exponentially) forx→∞. Our proofs are based on the space–time weighted energy method. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Influence of glucose on cyanidin 3‐glucoside absorption in rats
Authors: Felgines Catherine , Texier Odile , Besson Catherine , Vitaglione Paola , Lamaison Jean‐Louis , Fogliano Vincenzo , Scalbert Augustin , Vanella Luca , Galvano Fabio 
Published: July 2008

AbstractAnthocyanins are natural dietary pigments that could be involved in various health effects. However their mechanisms of absorption are still not fully understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of glucose on anthocyanin absorption in rats. We first studied anthocyanin bioavailability in rats that received by gastric intubation ∼︁53 μmol cyanidin 3‐glucoside (Cy 3‐glc) equivalents from a red orange extract with or without 2.51 mmol glucose. Neither 24‐h urinary anthocyanin excretion nor plasma anthocyanin concentration was significantly affected by simultaneous ingestion of glucose. The influence of glucose (12, 42 or 72 mM) on intestinal absorption of Cy 3‐glc (pure or from a red orange extract; ∼︁12.3 μM) was further studied using anin situintestinal perfusion model. Absorption of pure Cy 3‐glc from the intestinal lumen was not significantly affected by the amount of glucose. However, intestinal absorption of Cy 3‐glc from the red orange extract (6.49 ± 1.44%,n= 6) was significantly less than that of pure Cy 3‐glc (17.5 ± 1.3%,n= 7) (p< 0.01) suggesting that the red orange extract contained other components that were able to interfere with Cy 3‐glc intestinal absorption. This study has thus shown that glucose did not interfere with anthocyanin glucoside absorption.
Identification of a molecular marker for type A spermatogonia by microarray analysis using gonadal cells from pvasa‐GFP transgenic rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Authors: Yano Ayaka , von Schalburg Kris , Cooper Glenn , Koop Ben F. , Yoshizaki Goro 
Published: July 2008

AbstractThe spermatogonia of fish can be classified as being either undifferentiated type A spermatogonia or differentiated type B spermatogonia. Although type A spermatogonia, which contain spermatogonial stem cells, have been demonstrated to be a suitable material for germ cell transplantation, no molecular markers for distinguishing between type A and type B spermatogonia in fish have been developed to date. We therefore sought to develop a molecular marker for type A spermatogonia in rainbow trout. Using GFP‐dependent flow cytometry (FCM), enriched fractions of type A and type B spermatogonia, testicular somatic cells, and primordial germ cells were prepared from rainbow trout possessing the green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene driven by trout vasa regulatory regions (pvasa‐GFP rainbow trout). The gene‐expression profiles of each cell fraction were then compared with a microarray containing cDNAs representing 16,006 genes from several salmonid species. Genes exhibiting high expression for type A spermatogonia relative to above‐mentioned other types of gonadal cells were identified and subjected to RT‐PCR and quatitative PCR analysis. Since only the rainbow trout notch1 homologue showed significantly high expression in the type A spermatogonia‐enriched fraction, we propose that notch1 may be a useful molecular marker for type A spermatogonia. The combination of GFP‐dependent FCM and microarray analysis of pvasa‐GFP rainbow trout can therefore be applied to the identification of potentially useful molecular markers of germ cells in fish. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 76: 246–254, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Functional assessment of centrosomes of spermatozoa and spermatids microinjected into rabbit oocytes
Authors: Tachibana Masahito , Terada Yukihiro , Ogonuki Narumi , Ugajin Tomohisa , Ogura Atsuo , Murakami Takashi , Yaegashi Nobuo , Okamura Kunihiro 
Published: July 2008

AbstractAlthough intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is a widely used assisted reproductive technique, the fertilization rates and pregnancy rates of immature spermatids especially in round spermatid injection (ROSI) remain very low. During mammalian fertilization, the sperm typically introduces its own centrosome which then acts as a microtubule organizing center (MTOC) and is essential for the male and female genome union. In order to evaluate the function of immature germ cell centrosomes, we used the rabbit gamete model because rabbit fertilization follows paternal pattern of centrosome inheritance. First, rabbit spermatids and spermatozoa were injected into oocytes using a piezo‐micromanipulator. Next, the centrosomal function to form a sperm aster was determined. Furthermore, two functional centrosome proteins (γ‐tubulin and centrin) of the rabbit spermatogenic cells were examined. Our results show that the oocyte activation rates by spermatozoa, elongated spermatids, and round spermatids were 86% (30/35), 30% (11/36), and 5% (1/22), respectively. Sperm aster formation rates after spermatozoa, elongated spermatids, and round spermatids injections were 47% (14/30), 27% (3/11), and 0% (0/1), respectively. The aster formation rate of the injected elongating/elongated spermatids was significantly lower than that of the mature spermatozoa (P = 0.0242). Moreover, sperm asters were not observed in round spermatid injection even after artificial activation. These data suggest that poor centrosomal function, as measured by diminished aster formation rates, is related to the poor fertilization rates when immature spermatogenic cells are injected. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 76: 270–277, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Nash bargaining over allocations in inventory pooling contracts
Authors: Hanany Eran , Gerchak Yigal 
Published: July 2008

AbstractWhen facing uncertain demand, several firms may consider pooling their inventories leading to the emergence of two key contractual issues. How much should each produce or purchase for inventory purposes? How should inventory be allocated when shortages occur to some of the firms? Previously, if the allocations issue was considered, it was undertaken through evaluation of the consequences of an arbitrary priority scheme. We consider both these issues within a Nash bargaining solution (NBS) cooperative framework. The firms may not be risk neutral, hence a nontransferable utility bargaining game is defined. Thus the physical pooling mechanism itself must benefit the firms, even without any monetary transfers. The firms may be asymmetric in the sense of having different unit production costs and unit revenues. Our assumption with respect to shortage allocation is that a firm not suffering from a shortfall, will not be affected by any of the other firms' shortages. For two risk neutral firms, the NBS is shown to award priority on all inventory produced to the firm with higher ratio of unit revenue to unit production cost. Nevertheless, the arrangement is also beneficial for the other firm contributing to the total production. We provide examples of Uniform and Bernoulli demand distributions, for which the problem can be solved analytically. For firms with constant absolute risk aversion, the agreement may not award priority to any firm. Analytically solvable examples allow additional insights, e.g. that higher risk aversion can, for some problem parameters, cause an increase in the sum of quantities produced, which is not the case in a single newsvendor setting. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008
Polyamide 66/EPR‐g‐MA blends: mechanical modeling and kinetic analysis of thermal degradation
Authors: Choudhury Arup , Balmurulikrishnan Ashwini , Sarkhel Gautam 
Published: July 2008

AbstractThe present investigation deals with the mechanical, thermal, and morphological properties of binary nylon 66/maleic anhydride grafted ethylene propylene rubber (EPR‐g‐MA) blends at different dispersed phase (EPR‐g‐MA) concentrations. The effects of EPR‐g‐MA concentration and dispersed particle size on the mechanical properties of the blends were studied. Analysis of the tensile data in terms of various theoretical models revealed the variation of stress concentration effect with blend composition and the improvement of interfacial adhesion between dispersed rubber phase and nylon 66 matrix. The thermal degradation of the blends was analyzed by nonisothermal thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). It was found that the activation energy (Ea) and overall reaction order of thermal degradation decreased with increasing EPR‐g‐MA content. The scanning electron microscopic (SEM) analysis showed a significant decrease in dispersed particle size with increasing EPR‐g‐MA content, which was explained on the basis of the level of chemical interaction (in situ compatibilization) between nylon 66 and EPR‐g‐MA. The surface morphology of the nylon 66/EPR‐g‐MA blends was illustrated by the roughness of atomic force microscopy (AFM) images. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and characterization of sulfonated homo‐ and co‐polyimides based on 2,4 and 2,5‐diaminobenzenesulfonic acid for proton exchange membranes
Authors: Deligöz Hüseyin , Vatansever Sibel , Öksüzömer Faruk , Koç S. Naci , Özgümüş Saadet , Gürkaynak M. Ali 
Published: July 2008

AbstractA series of sulfonated homo‐ and random co‐polyimides (co‐SPI) based on 2,4‐diaminobenzenesulfonic acid (2,4‐DABS) and 2,5‐diaminobenzenesulfonic acid (2,5‐DABS) has been synthesized via conventional two‐step polyimidization method. 2,4‐DABS and 2,5‐DABS were used as sulfonated diamine compounds, 4,4′‐oxydianiline (ODA) and 4,4′‐diaminodiphenyl sulfone (DDS) were used as non‐sulfonated diamine compounds. Mixtures of sulfonated and non‐sulfonated diamine compounds were reacted with benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride (BTDA) to obtain co‐SPI membranes. Molar ratios of sulfonated to non‐sulfonated diamine were systematically varied to produce copolymers of controlled compositions. The co‐SPIs were evaluated for thermal oxidative stability, ion exchange capacity (IEC), water uptake, proton conductivity, solubility, and hydrolytic stability. Proton conductivity and hydrolytic stability of the co‐SPIs were compared with the fully aromatic polyimide, homo‐SPIs (BTDA/2,4‐DABS and BTDA/2,5‐DABS). Regarding thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) analysis, it is concluded that desulfonation temperature in the range of 200–350°C suggests high stability of sulfonic acid groups. co‐SPIs with 40 mol% of 2,4‐DABS showed similar or higher proton conductivity than Nafion® 117 in water. Proton conductivity values of the co‐SPIs were mainly a function of IEC and water uptake. Consequently, the optimum concentration of 2,4‐DABS was found to be in the range of 30–40 mol% from the viewpoint of proton conductivity, IEC, and hydrolytic stability. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis of ω‐fluorenyl‐functionalized soluble polyphenylene: influence of polymer chain structure on photoluminescence quenching
Authors: Natori Itaru , Natori Shizue , Sekikawa Hiroyuki 
Published: July 2008

AbstractThe influence of the polymer chain structure of soluble polyphenylene (SPP) on the photoluminescence (PL) quenching of fluorene is strongly affected by the 1,2‐phenylene (1,2‐Ph)/1,4‐phenylene (1,4‐Ph) unit molar ratios of SPP, and the amount of 1,4‐Ph units is a major factor for PL quenching. The addition of the fluorenyl group by the formation of carbon–carbon bond at the polymer chain end of SPP is also an important factor for PL quenching of fluorene. Charge (electron) transfer from the fluorenyl end‐group to the main chain of ω‐fluorenyl‐functionalized SPP (FL‐SPP) was very efficient. UV/Vis and PL spectra suggested that this FL‐SPP may be useful for preparing an effective polymer photocell. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
DFT studies on the mechanism of Pd(II)‐catalyzed intermolecular 1,2‐diamination of conjugated dienes
Authors: Yu Youqing , Shen Wei , Zhang Jinsheng , He Rongxing , Li Ming 
Published: July 2008

AbstractThe reaction mechanism of the palladium(II)‐catalyzed addition of urea to dienes to form 1,2‐diamine was studied using the B3LYP density functional theory (DFT) method. The results indicate that the first CN σ‐bond formation is the rate‐determining step, and that the covalent bonds are formed favorably by the terminal carbon atoms of dienes and nitrogen atom. The Pd(NCMe)‐catalyst may significantly lower the energy barrier of the rate‐determining step from the nonligand Pd(II)‐catalyst counterpart. The results are in strong support of a recent experiment. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Supramolecular encapsulation of 1,3‐bis(1‐adamantyl)imidazolium chloride by β‐cyclodextrins: towards inhibition of C(2)‐H/D exchange
Authors: Leclercq Loïc , Schmitzer Andreea R. 
Published: July 2008

AbstractThe study of the hydrogen/deuterium exchange reactions of the C(2)‐proton for different carbene precursors has been carried out in the absence and presence of β‐cyclodextrin in D2O at 25°C. Formation of the inclusion complexes of imidazolium salts with the native β‐cyclodextrin and the β‐dimethylcyclodextrin is demonstrated by 1D and 2D 1H NMR, ESI/HRMS and a molecular modelling study. Formation of the inclusion complexes of imidazolium salts with the native β‐cyclodextrin and the β‐dimethylcyclodextrin is a simple and efficient method to modify the acidity of the imidazolium H(2) and to modify its environment. Encapsulation of 1,3‐disubstituted imidazolium chloride by β‐cyclodextrins results in the inhibition of the H(2)/D exchange in the complex. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Chlorination of ammonia and aliphatic amines by Cl2: DFT study of medium and substituent effects
Authors: Vrček Valerije , Meštrić Hrvoje 
Published: July 2008

AbstractThe mechanism of chlorination of ammonia and aliphatic amines by Cl2 was studied by quantum‐chemical calculations using a series of DFT functionals. Three different reaction pathways were considered for the reaction between Cl2 and NH3 in the gas phase. Several intermediates and transition state structures, not described earlier, were located on the corresponding potential energy surface. It is calculated that the reaction field effects (SCIPCM) on the chlorination is much less pronounced than the effect of a specific solvent interaction which was modeled by an explicit water molecule. It is also found that the calculated energy barrier and the reaction free energy of the chlorination of different amines are dependent on the alkyl‐substituent effects. With increase in the basicity of amine, the chlorination reaction becomes more feasible. Calculated geometries of intermediates and overall reaction energetics are significantly influenced by the method for a treatment of electron correlation (DFT vs. MP2), and by the fraction of HF exchange (χ) in DFT functionals. With increase in the χ in the corresponding functional, the DFT results approach those obtained at the MP2 level, and are closer to experimental values, as well. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.