bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Primary prevention behaviors: The female‐headed, one‐parent family
Authors: Duffy Mary E. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to describe the primary prevention behaviors of 59 female‐headed, one‐parent families and the barriers which deter their practice. Two interviews, a health diary, and a card sort were used for data collection. Descriptive statistics and content analysis were used to analyze the qualitative data. Nutrition was the behavior the families felt was most important for maintaining health. Time was the major barrier to primary prevention practices. A relationship was found between the family's ability to change and grow and their practice of primary prevention behaviors. Families that consciously risked lifestyle changes also were willing to try to incorporate primary prevention behaviors. On the contrary, families with stagnant lifestyles expressed the desire to change their primary prevention behaviors but made no visible attempt to do so.
The relationship of movement and time to older adults' functional health
Authors: Engle Veronica F. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe relationship of movement (measured by walking cadence) and time (measured by perceived duration) to functional health was investigated in a sample of community‐based, white, older women (N = 114). Significant relationships were found between health and movement, and between movement and time. Speed, inherent in both movement and time, may be an important qualitative dimension of functional health. Walking cadence shows the most promise for use as an inexpensive, noninvasive, easy‐to‐use clinical measure of health.
Burnout among intensive care nurses
Authors: Bartz Claudia , Maloney Joseph P. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between intensive‐care nurse burnout and demographic variables. The Maslach Burnout Inventory measured six components of burnout: emotional exhaustion frequency and intensity, deperson‐alization frequency and intensity, and personal accomplishment frequency and intensity. The sample (N = 89) was drawn from an army medical center. The variables, nursing, age, sex, military status, level of education, and length of time in nursing correlated with more than one aspect of burnout (p < .05). Older age, less than a baccalaureate degree, female, and civilian status described the intensive care nurse who was less prone to burnout. Further study of the relationship between nurses and burnout is required.
Factors influencing career success in nursing
Authors: Zimmerman Lani , Yeaworth Rosalee 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe purpose of this descriptive study was to examine educational preparation, personal characteristics, and significant others in the career success of women in nursing. The sample was a random selection of 194 doctorally prepared female nurses who reported some degree of career success. The factor, personal characteristics, was ranked as the most important in facilitating career success, educational preparation was ranked second, and significant others was ranked third. Among significant others ranked as influential were teachers, peer/colleagues, and supervisors.
Use of water pillows in reducing head shape distortion in preterm infants
Authors: Schwirian Patricia M. , Eesley Tamara , Cuellar Linda 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a water‐pillow treatment in reducing bilateral head flattening of preterm infants. The subjects were 21 healthy infants of less than 36 weeks gestational age. Care of the experimental babies included supporting the head on a small water pillow and supporting the torso at the same level to avoid flexion or curvature of the spine; the control group received customary care. The ratios of the anterior‐posterior diameter to the biparietal diameter were significantly different for the two groups (p < .0005). The heads of the control infants became flattened on both sides, while those of the experimental babies maintained the round shape they had at admission to the unit. The findings support the use of a small water pillow, in combination with support for the torso, as a means of alleviating bilateral head flattening in preterm infants.
Perceived stress and symptom patterns in early adolescents: The role of mediating variables
Authors: Yarcheski Adela , Mahon Noreen E. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe relationship between perceived stress and symptom patterns was investigated in 136 seventh and eighth grade boys and girls. Affective‐oriented coping and social support, two variables hypothesized as mediators of this relationship, were examined also. Participants completed the Modified Adolescent Life Change Events Questionnaire, the Jalowiec Coping Scale, the PRQ‐A Social Support System, and the Symptom Pattern Scale. As predicted, the positive relationship between perceived stress and symptom patterns decreased when controlling for affective‐oriented coping, while it increased when controlling for social support. Implications for nursing practice and further theory development are discussed.
Healthy nursing doctoral programs: Relationship between perceptions of the academic environment and productivity of faculty and alumni
Authors: Holzemer William L. , Chambers Donald B. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractIndicators of the environment of doctoral programs in nursing were examined in relationship to productivity. Student and faculty perceptions of the academic program environment were correlated with outcome measures of productivity for both faculty and alumni. Twenty‐five of the 29 eligible doctoral programs in nursing participated in the study; results are based on the responses of 326 faculty, 659 students, and 296 alumni. Environmental and productivity indicators were primarily measured by the Graduate Program Self‐Assessment (GPSA) instruments developed by Educational Testing Service (ETS) for studying dimensions of quality in doctoral education. Significant relationships were found between faculty perceptions of the environment's scholarly excellence, available resources, and student commitment and motivation and faculty productivity. Students consistently viewed the environment more positively when greater percentages of the faculty were at the associate, rather than the assistant, professor level. There was minimal relationship between faculty and student perceptions of the environment and alumni productivity.
An instrument to measure coping responses in employed mothers: Preliminary results
Authors: Collins Clare , Post Louis 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to develop a survey instrument to measure coping responses in working mothers. Coping responses were defined as efforts to prevent, avoid, or control emotional distress. Based on interviews literature review, and a survey of existing instruments, items were developed to measure these three functions of coping behaviors. The instrument was distributed to 133 married mothers who worked at least 15 hours per week outside the home; response rate was 93%.Nine subscales to measure coping responses in working mothers were identified. Alpha reliability coefficients for the subscales range from 65–90. Construct validity of the subscales was investigated by examining specified relationships between subscale scores and role strain measures. All but one of the subcaes were significantly correlated in the predicted direction with at least one of the role strain measures.The final instrument, the Coping Responses Inventor (CRI), is comprised of 59 Likert format items from which nine subscale scores can be calculated. Some aspects of the reliability and validity of this instrument have been investigated, but confirmation of the findings await further study. Potential uses of the CRI are 1) as an instrument in survey research and 2) as an exploratory tool in counseling interventions with employed women with children.
Status of natural disaster victims' health and recovery 1 and 3 years later
Authors: Murphy Shirley A. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractBereaved, property loss, and control groups (N = 155) studied 11 months following the 1980 volcanic eruption of Mt. St. Helens were recontacted 35 months postdisaster to test the hypotheses that the greater the loss experienced, the higher the stress, and the poorer the health. In general, the hypotheses were suppored. Even though mental distress decreased between the two data collection periods the mental health of the bereaved group remained poorer than both the property loss and control groups. At 3 years postdisaster, only 4% of the study participants repored complete recovery from disaster loss. Findings are compared with those of other recent disasters and clinical and theoretical implications are discussed.
Nurses and physicians must interact for valid clinical research
Authors: Kirchhoff Karin T. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe results of clinical research provide information for improving patient care. Seldom can one profession conduct research in the clinical setting without communicating with other professionals affected by the research protocol. When informed consent is obtained from the patient, an investigator may think that sufficient communication to all parties affected by a study has occurred. To conceptualize interactions observed between two professions, (i.e., nursing and medicine), five patterns are proposed: blocking research, hidden research, dumping research, negotiated research, and collaborative research.The patterns are associated with various amounts or types of communication about research. Each description of a pattern contains (a) an example of the interactions possible in that model, (b) a set of assumptions that underlie those interactions, and (c) a number of potential outcomes. The interactions described are real occurrences with some details changed to prevent identification of individuals or institutions. These examples of research interactions occurred at several institutions. The outcomes listed are not all possible at the same time, but are a compilation of a number of outcomes that could occur.
Instrumentation to describe subjective sleep characteristics in healthy subjects
Authors: Snyder‐Halpern Rita , Verran Joyce A. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to develop and test the Verran and Snyder‐Halpern (VSH) Sleep Scale, an instrument to subjectively measure sleep characteristics. Four major sleep factors and their associated characteristics were proposed for the Sleep Scale. Subjects completed three randomly ordered sleep questionnaires on three consecutive weekday mornings within the first two hours after arising. Scales included the VSH Sleep Scale, a sleep questionnaire and a sleep log. The VSH Sleep Scale had a reliability coefficient of .82 (theta). Construct validity was examined by factor analysis and correlations between Sleep Scale items and corresponding items on the two other study instruments. Scale validity also was assessed by the known groups method. Beginning support for the validity of the VSH Sleep Scale is provided.
The effect of progressive relaxation on valsalva response in healthy adults
Authors: Herman Joanne 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe purpose of the study was to determine if the tensing portion of progressive relaxation initiates the Valsalva response in order to establish the safety of the procedure for acutely ill cardiovascular patients. Sixty healthy adult volunteers performed fist, chest, and abdominal tensing and relaxation while their heart rate was continuously monitored. Occurrence of the Valsalva response was determined by dividing peak tachycardia during tensing by maximum bradycardia during releasing the tension. A Valsalva ratio greater than 1.5 indicated presence of the Valsalva response. Forty‐three percent of the sample exhibited the Valsalva response. Thus, progressive relaxation should not be used with acutely ill cardiovascular patients.
The derivation and validation of six multidimensional health locus of control scale clusters
Authors: Rock Daniel L. , Meyerowitz Beth E. , Maisto Stephen A. , Wallston Kenneth A. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe purpose of this research was twofold. First, to determine if eight Multidimensional Health Locus of Control types hypothesized by Wallston and Wallston (1982) existed. Second, to assess the reliability, validity, and clinical utility of the control types. Two investigations were conducted based on research procedures designed for the discovery of clusters. The first study involved the derivation and replication of MHLC clusters with a sample of 400 healthy undergraduate men and women. The results of Study 1 suggested the existence of six MHLC clusters: (a) pure internal; (b) double external; (c) pure chance; (d) yea sayer; (e) nay sayer, and (f) believer in control. The sample for Study 2 consisted of 90 female undergraduate and graduate students. The six‐cluster solution was replicated in this second cross‐validation study. Furthermore, construct validity of the clusters was established through computer simulation. Finally, relationships between clusters and the Krantz Health Opinion Survey suggested the clusters have a theoretical as well as a empirical foundation. The implications of these findings for clinical practice, for the development of the health locus of control construct, and for future research on the MHLC Scale are discussed.
Nurses' job satisfaction: A longitudinal analysis
Authors: Blegen Mary A. , Mueller Charles W. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractA causal model of nurses' job satisfaction was tested using longitudinal analysis of 13 causal determinants and five correlates measured at Time 1, and job satisfaction measured at Time 2. Data were collected from 370 registered nurses at five hospitals using questionnaires mailed eight months apart. Four different models were analyzed using the LISREL maximum likelihood procedure to estimate the path coefficients. Variables reaching statistically significant levels included, in order of importance, routinization, promotional opportunity, distributive justice, age, day shift, workload, kinship responsibility, and opportunity for jobs outside the employing hospital. With the prior level of job satisfaction controlled, only the effects of day shift remained significant.
Subjective stress, job satisfaction, and job performance of hospital nurses
Authors: Packard John S. , Motowidlo Stephan J. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThis research concerns the relationship of subjective stress, job satisfaction, and job performance in hospital nurses. Obtained were self reports from 366 nurses, and performance ratings from 165 supervisors and 139 co‐workers nominated by the original respondents. Reported are the results of exploratory path analyses, based on a general model, whereby standardized beta coefficients were used to estimate paths. The findings are that stress and job satisfaction are not directly related, and that stress, primarily acting through depression, is associated with lower levels of job performance. Job satisfaction is unrelated to job performance, and is based on depression and hostility which are affected by stress and personal characteristics.
Psychological and spiritual well‐being in college students
Authors: Fehring Richard J. , Brennan Patricia Flatley , Keller Mary L. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractTwo separate correlational studies were conducted to investigate the relationship between spirituality and psychological mood states in response to life change. In the first study a spiritual well‐being index, a spiritual‐maturity scale, a life‐change index, and a depression scale were administered to 95 freshman nursing students. The spiritual well‐being index was composed of two sub‐scales; a religious well‐being and an existential well‐being scale. In the second study a spiritual‐outlook scale and the Profile of Mood State index was added to the above tests and administered to 75 randomly selected college students. The results demonstrated a weak positive relationship between life change and depression. Unlike a previous study, spiritual well‐being, existential well‐being, and spiritual outlook showed strong inverse relationships with negative moods suggesting that spiritual variables may influence psychological well‐being.
Gender differences in variables associated with psychosocial adjustment to a burn injury
Authors: Brown Barbara , Roberts Jacqueline , Browne Gina , Byrne Carolyn , Love Barbara , Streiner David 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine whether variables associated with psychosocial adjustment to a burn injury vary by gender. Male and female burned subjects (N = 260) were compared on their functional disability, disfigurement, coping responses, social resources, and psychosocial adjustment to a burn injury. Both men and women had adjusted psychosocially to their burn injury. Less functional disability (r = .57, p<.001) for men and greater problem‐solving (r = .57, p<.001) for women were the most important variables in explaining psychosocial adjustment to a burn injury. In the future, researchers need to be cognizant of gender differences and consider men and women as separate populations.
Further exploration of maternal and paternal fetal attachment
Authors: Mercer Ramona T. , Ferketich Sandra , May Katharyn , DeJoseph Jeanne , Sollid Deanna 
Published: April 2007

AbstractFetal attachment of four groups of expectant parents were studied during the 24th to 34th weeks of pregnancy: 153 high‐risk women hospitalized for a complication, 75 high‐risk women's mates, 218 low‐risk women, and 147 low‐risk women's mates. No differences in fetal attachment scores were observed between high‐ or low‐risk women or their mates; women scored significantly higher than their mates. Very little variance (7% to 14%) in fetal attachment was explained by the test of causal models except for high‐risk women's mates for whom 31% of the variance was explained.
Self‐management of hypertension: Predictors of success in diastolic blood pressure reduction
Authors: Nakagawa‐Kogan Helen , Garber Annabaker , Jarrett Monica , Egan Kelly J. , Hendershot Susan 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine which borderline hypertension subjects could succeed in self‐regulating blood pressure, and to distinguish the psychologic and physiologic variables that predicted success. Thirty‐four white, male, unmedicated, borderline hypertensive subjects participated in a 14‐session biofeedback/cognitive selfmanagement training program. Of these, 22 exited with diastolic pressure below 90 mm Hg; 12 exited equal to or above 90 mm Hg. Both groups exited with scores markedly lower on the Symptoms Checklist‐90 (SCL‐90). The successful group began and ended on all cognitive/affective subscales at a lower level than the unsuccessful group. A discriminant analysis revealed that lower scores on the SCL‐90, lower systolic blood pressures, and higher heart rates during a mental task at the beginning of treatment distinguished those who succeeded in self‐regulation from those who could not succeed. The possible mechanisms for blood pressure control/change as a consequence of biofeedback are discussed.
Stress and impairment among nursing students
Authors: Haack Mary R. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThis exploration of stress‐related disorders among nursing students employed a longitudinal cohort design over a period of two academic years. High depressive symptoms were reported by 55% of the sample. A majority of students experienced an increase in burnout symptoms and an increase in frequency of alcohol use during their educational years. These behaviors were related to a lack of social support and external attribution style.
Outcomes of coronary care in the acute care setting
Authors: Edwardson Sandra R. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractA prospective descriptive study of 151 myocardial infarction patients in five hospitals, shortly after the implementation of prospective payment, showed them to be in stable physical condition and generally free of physical and emotional symptoms at the time of discharge. They did, however, have major deficits in their knowledge of continued selfcare and treatment prescriptions. Multivariate analysis showed age to be more closely associated with outcome at discharge than were severity of illness, comorbidity, complications or the intensity of medical treatment. The findings suggest that strategies for preparing patients (especially older patients) for continued self‐care may need to be adjusted to the current short lengths of stay in the acute care hospital.
Asymptomatic chlamydia during pregnancy
Authors: Abel Elizabeth , Unwerth Lynn Von 
Published: April 2007

AbstractData were collected by certified nurse midwives during routine antepartum visits for 111 low‐income women. There was a significant difference between the incidence of chlamydia n = 25 (22.5%) and gonorrhea n = 2 (1.8%), Z‐score = 4.7; p < .01. If current practices for selective screening were used 19 of the 25 women who had a positive chlamydia would not have been tested. Given the complications associated with chlamydia for women and their offspring, early detection, treatment, and education programs are justified.
A model for forecasting intermittent skilled home nursing needs
Authors: Johansen Sonja , Bowles Sharon , Haney Glenna 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe problem of forecasting the need and the cost for post‐discharge skilled home nursing services is addressed by a simple statistical model. The model, assumptions, and simple calculations are described. Use of the model is illustrated with 7598 cancer patients and 2337 myocardial infarction patients. Simulation of the impact of changes in the health care delivery system toward greater and lesser severity of hospitalized patients is carried out. Two key projections illustrating the model's output are the number of patients with these diseases who will need care and the cost of that care.
Collaborative practice: A critical theory perspective
Authors: McLain Barbara R. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe purpose of this critical theory study was to investigate the observed failure of nurses and physicians to collaborate, and the underlying meaning behind this failure. Using a phenomenological and participatory approach, 18 family nurse practitioners and physicians in joint practice were interviewed separately and together about their practice relationships. Transcribed interviews and data summaries were returned to the participants for review and validation. Emergent themes were analyzed using the critical theory of Jürgen Habermas. Results demonstrated that distorted communication and nonmeaningful interactions were promoted by both nurses and physicians. Elements identified as contributing to more successful collaborative practices included a willingness to move beyond basic information exchange in nurse/physician interactions, the willingness and ability to challenge distortions and assumptions in the relationship, and a belief system based on critical self‐reflection.
Instructional Information and Breast Self‐Examination Practice
Authors: Lauver Diane 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe effects of four interventions on frequency and thoroughness of breast self‐examination (BSE) were compared. The interventions provided different types of information, as derived from a self‐regulation framework, to promote BSE practice. Women seeking BSE instruction (N = 204) were randomly assigned to interventions. No intervention effects on frequency were observed. However, exam frequency increased from pre‐ to postintervention and remained constant over 3 and 6 months follow‐up. Interaction effects observed on thoroughness suggested that a positive effect of sensory information about the breast was. conditional upon having had prior experience with BSE. Implications for research, theory, and practice are drawn.