bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fidelity and Its Relationship to Effectiveness, Adaptation, and Implementation
Authors: Shelton Rachel C. , Adsul Prajakta , Emmons Karen M. , Linnan Laura A. , Allen Jennifer D. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
There is substantial variability in the implementation of evidence-based interventions across the United States, which leads to inconsistent access to evidence-based prevention and treatment strategies at a population level. Increased dissemination and implementation of evidence-based interventions could result in significant public health gains and the potential to address persistent health inequities. While the availability of evidence-based interventions is increasing, study of implementation, adaptation, and dissemination has relatively recently gained attention in public health. To date, insufficient attention has been given to the issue of fidelity. Consideration of fidelity is necessary to balance the need for internal and external validity across the research continuum. There is also a need for a more robust literature to increase knowledge about factors that influence fidelity, strategies for maximizing fidelity, and methods for measuring and analyzing fidelity and learning from variation in implementation fidelity.
The Role of Organizational Processes in Dissemination and Implementation Research
Authors: Aarons Gregory A. , Ehrhart Mark G. , Lengnick-Hall Rebecca , Moullin Joanna C. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Taken as a whole, both organizational characteristics and specific organizational strategies are important for the effective dissemination and implementation of evidence-based practices (EBPs) in health and allied healthcare settings, as well as mental health, alcohol/drug treatment, and social service settings. One of the primary goals of this chapter is to support implementers and leaders within organizations in attending to and shaping the context in which implementation takes place in order to increase the likelihood of implementation success and long-term sustainment. The chapter summarizes some of the most critical organizational factors and strategies likely to impact successful EBP implementation. There are myriad approaches to supporting organizational development and change; this chapter focuses on issues supported by relevant scientific literatures, particularly those germane to EBP implementation in healthcare and related settings.
Furthering Dissemination and Implementation Research
Authors: Trinkley Katy E. , McNeal Demetria M. , Fort Meredith P. , Green Lawrence W. , Huebschmann Amy G. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This chapter raises questions about the reliability of much “evidence-based practice” disseminated from the original studies and systematic reviews of those studies insofar as they were often conducted and reviewed with inadequate attention to external validity. Important issues are raised for dissemination and implementation researchers. Indeed, the pressure on investigators to provide for increasingly rigorous controls on threats to internal validity, and to exclude studies that fall below standards for internal validity, has made many such sources of evidence more suspect in their external validity and less credible to the practitioners or policymakers who would adopt them. Greater attention is needed to ways to incorporate considerations of external validity into studies and in systematic reviews of studies to produce more generalizable evidence and to practice-based evidence that can complement the more formal evidence-based practices by evaluating the dissemination and implementation process.
Dissemination and Implementation Research in Community and Public Health Settings
Authors: Mazzucca-Ragan Stephanie , Wiedenman Eric M. , Vinson Cynthia A. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
There are many opportunities to disseminate and implement evidence-based programs and policies (EBPPs) through public health and community settings to support health and work toward health equity and justice. This chapter highlights the breadth of these opportunities. Making the most of these opportunities will require significant prioritization and investment of time and financial resources on the part of funders, research institutions, public health agencies, community partners, and policymakers. Funding agencies, along with others internationally, have also created and supported infrastructures to increase access to information about evidence-based programs and linkages between researchers and practitioners in public health and community organizations. However, these relatively small steps at their current level of support will be insufficient to accelerate closing the discovery-delivery gap. Closing this gap necessitates an increase in funding for this type of dissemination and implementation (D&I) research beyond the typical, disease-specific funding structures and an increase in the support for collaborations between researchers and practitioners, such as the recognition of community-focused research activities and products in tenure and promotion standards and value placed on practice-based research. Absent a significant effort at redesigning and increasing investments in D&I research and knowledge translation on the part of science and service funding agencies, and a similar change in the academic rewards for research, practice, and policy partnerships, integrating the lessons learned from research with those learned from practice and policy, the ideal of research influencing practice and policy and vice versa will remain a side show to our seemingly unquenchable thirst for discovery.
Decarbonizing the car
Authors: Moore Andrew 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The car symbolizes a seriously incomplete analysis of environmental impact, having been distorted into a massive and unbalanced public “attractor.” In this narrative, internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs) are, in general, presented as greatly inferior to battery electric vehicles (BEVs) in energy consumption and environmental impact; e-fuels are seen as a desperate, costly attempt to save outdated, filthy technology. Closer and fuller analysis reveals a very different picture: if manufacturing impacts are included, currently it is unlikely that most BEVs will outperform comparable modern ICEVs in energy consumption, CO2 emissions, and environmental and human health impact. In a future where CO2-neutral e-fuels are exclusively used, the advantage of ICEVs over BEVs at current technology status is clear. BEVs currently “succeed” because their costs are partly government subsidized and partly traded against environmental damage. Wealthy countries export much of the manufacturing environmental impact to poorer countries and then celebrate zero tailpipe emissions.
Negotiated Agreements
Authors: Bodansky Daniel , van Asselt Harro 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Chapter 9 explores negotiated instruments as a means of addressing international environmental problems. From its inception, international environmental law has consisted primarily of treaties and other forms of negotiated instruments, which offer several advantages over more informal mechanisms of international cooperation. Traditionally, treaties were comparatively static arrangements, memorializing the rights and duties of the parties as agreed at a particular point in time. Today, environmental agreements are usually dynamic arrangements, establishing ongoing regulatory processes. The chapter introduces the basic types of international instruments, and analyzes why states negotiate and accept them. It then describes the process by which agreements are created, from the inception of negotiations to the adoption and entry into force of the resulting instrument. The chapter also explores the various design issues in developing international environmental agreements. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the role of private standard-setting—that is, instruments involving business, NGOs, and other nonstate actors.
Customary (and Not So Customary) Norms
Authors: Bodansky Daniel , van Asselt Harro 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In contrast to treaties, the two generally recognized types of non-treaty norms—customary law and general principles—are not created through formal acts of lawmaking and do not have a canonical form. Chapter 10 explores the processes through which such norms emerge. Although there is limited evidence that international environmental norms are customary in nature, environmental non-treaty norms are emerging, first, in the form of international common law shaped by judicial decisions, and second, as general principles. The chapter also examines whether—and if so, how and why—non-treaty norms have an effect on behavior. While non-treaty law does not directly guide behavior, it sets boundary conditions for the development of more precise behavioral rules through courts and international negotiations.
Is the common school dead?
Authors: Fuller Bruce 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Many reform advocates on the political left and right ironically agree that common schools—state-run and uniform renditions of education—must die a quiet death. In its wake, a variety of school forms have sprouted on both sides of the Atlantic, animated by the embrace of market competition, private interests, and the progressive pursuit of fair and culturally responsive schools. This growing movement yields schools that serve particular families, including locally run charter, magnet, and dual-language schools, campuses that typically serve certain ethnic communities or particular curricular aims. This chapter describes the decline of mass schooling and the shift toward organizational pluralism, along with resulting effects on learning and social stratification. Institutional variety manifests plural civic spaces that become locally responsive and potentially segregated over time.
“State advances, min retreats”Recentralization of minban education in China
Authors: Chan Raymond K. H. , Wang Ying 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Minban education has established a strong presence and enjoyed certain autonomy permitted by the government in China’s education system since the early 1980s. While minban schools achieved significant size and became competitive, problems were also identified and partly tackled by recentralization with greater government control from the mid-2010s. This chapter offers an overview of minban education’s development in China from the 1980s. It is argued that rapid development since the 1990s was characterized by the governance mode of controlled decentralization, and the latest stage from the mid-2010s featured a reversion, commonly phrased as “State advances, Min (non-state sector) retreats.” This change in the mode of governance and policy direction is considered a result of an attempt to rectify the situation and to reconsolidate the Party and the state’s directing role in this minban sector. However, such an attempt has cast doubt on the future development of minban education.
Where the public was always privateGoing beyond privatization in/of/through education and policymaking in postcolonial contexts
Authors: Moschetti Mauro C. , Edwards D. Brent , Caravaca Alejandro 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
While Ball and Youdell’s typology of privatization in, of, and through education and policymaking represents advancements in the way that privatization is understood, and while this framework is useful for nuancing what is meant by privatization, these concepts should be complemented by additional considerations if they are to be useful beyond descriptive terms. Our main argument here is that it is necessary to consider the foundations and nature of the State if one wishes to grasp the origins, logic, and range of possible ways that privatization manifests in a setting. By focusing on the State—particularly the postcolonial State—we raise the issue of “context.” Drawing on data obtained through interviews, document analysis, and literature review, we further highlight the “ethos of privatization,” a form of privatization rooted in colonial and capitalist relations through which State actors prioritize personal benefit and resource extraction over concern for the provision of quality public services.
Policies
Authors: Põder Kaire 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This is the concluding chapter of the book Privatization in and of Education. It summarizes the key messages from the chapters and synthesises the messages to the predictive future of education policies in the dimensions of private–public. We rely on the argument that private schools are more efficient than public schools after controlling for the differences in inputs, including students. So theoretically there is something beyond resources that makes private schools more efficient, what we intend to discuss. Moreover, the biggest contemporary problem of private schooling is related to the poorly mitigated trade-off between efficiency and equity or inclusion, and this applies to various contexts and cases in this book. Thus our policy perspective is to reveal interventions needed for both private and public schools to flourish and increase horizontal diversity without between-school vertical segregation.
Aventure Malgache (1944)Aventure Malgache (1944)
Authors: Barr Charles 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In “Aventure Malgache (1944): French colonial tensions,” Alfred Hitchcock’s short French-language propaganda film, Aventure Malgache, is discussed both as a striking item in its own right and for the place it occupies within his career trajectory. Commissioned by Sidney Bernstein for the British Ministry of Information, it heralds a shift back from Hollywood toward Europe, via the partnership with Bernstein that was soon consolidated in Transatlantic Pictures. The selected single shot is a long-held triangular composition, which looks ahead to the long-take strategies of the Transatlantic features Rope (1948) and Under Capricorn (1949). This temporary move away from montage-based cinema is placed in the context of the career of a director who was always, in style as in content, subtly responsive to cultural and social pressures. The setting of the film in the African colony of Madagascar triggers a final section, in the same spirit, on Hitchcock’s handling of race.
The Wrong Man (1956)The Wrong Man (1956)
Authors: Steimatsky Noa 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
“The Wrong Man (1956): Towards singularity” examines a superimposition shot. Marking a turning point in this narrative of mistaken identity, it erupts like a luminous visual revelation in the film’s otherwise bleak realist universe. It involves not one but, by definition, two shots in lap-dissolve, extended at a climactic point to a superimposition. Yet it begs to be seen as one. The optical impression of spatiotemporal simultaneity effects a play of transparency and opacity, surface and depth, singular and dual/multiple, seminal to the challenging questions of identity and identification at the heart of film. The doubling/splitting of identity, the deceptiveness of appearances, the displacement of guilt—all are key tropes inflecting Hitchcock’s work. Through close analysis, this chapter reflects on the multiplicity of meanings bound up with the technique’s ambiguity, which ultimately disturbs our confidence in the uniqueness of human beings and points to an irrecoverable gap between seeing and knowing.
Arab Brazil
Authors: Hassan Waïl S. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Arabs have left a permanent imprint on Brazil: from the legacy of Muslim Iberia to Arab immigrants since the late nineteenth century and the prominence today of Brazilians of Arab descent in politics, the economy, literature, and culture. Arab Brazil argues that representations of Arab and Muslim immigrants in Brazilian literature and popular culture since the early twentieth century reveal anxieties and contradictions in the country’s ideologies of national identity. The book analyzes those representations in a century of Brazilian novels, short stories, and telenovelas to show how the Arab East works paradoxically as a site of otherness, of different language, culture, and religion; and of solidarity, with deep historical, demographic, and geopolitical ties. What explains this contradiction is a Brazilian form of Orientalism, distinct from the British, French, and US varieties analyzed by Edward Said, and which problematizes the idealized image of Brazil as a country built on mistura (ethnic and racial mixing) and cultural anthropophagy, or the digestion and incorporation of diverse cultural influences. The book raises such questions as: What happens when a discourse of Western mastery over the Orient migrates to another part of the developing world? What are the contours of Brazilian Orientalism? What are the ideological stakes of a Eurocentric discourse mediating a South-South relationship? Arab Brazil argues that whereas colonial Orientalism is based on the duality of Self/Other, East/West, and colonizer/colonized, Brazilian Orientalism has a tertiary structure that defines the country’s cultural identity in relation both to the Arab world and to Europe and the United States. In a country that lies in the American hemisphere but is part of the Global South, these differences exhibit anxieties about Brazil’s place in the world.
Merchants to Landowners
Authors: Hassan Waïl S. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The first two Arab Brazilian novelists, Cecílio Carneiro (1911–70) and Permínio Asfora (1913–2001), challenge the split image of admirable Arabs of the past and undesirable Arab immigrants in the present. In A fogueira (1942, The Bonfire), Carneiro fictionalizes the life of his father, who came from Lebanon penniless but within a couple of decades became one of the wealthiest cocoa plantation owners in the state of São Paulo. Similarly, Asfora’s Noite Grande (1947, Long Night) emphasizes the Arab role in the country’s economic growth during the rubber boom by depicting a Palestinian immigrant as a model citizen who participates in the establishment of law and order in the backlands of Piauí. But the two novelists differ in their approach to the racialization of Arabs: Carneiro inscribes his protagonist within dominant whiteness whereas Asfora denounces racial and ethnic criteria of citizenship.
Agnostics On Campus
Authors: Kaczynski Richard 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Aleister Crowley seeks out J. F. C. Fuller’s fellow Agnostic Journal (AJ) contributor and apparent subeditor, Victor Neuburg, who is preparing to publish Wild Honey, his collection of poetry from AJ. Crowley and Neuburg form an intense mutual attraction: intellectual, spiritual, and emotional. A Cambridge undergraduate as Crowley once was, Neuburg organizes the campus’s Pan Society to host poetry readings by Crowley, which also serve as a recruitment tool for Neuburg’s mystical society. The resulting core of students goes on to form the Cambridge University Freethought Association, setting the stage for a confrontation among its members, the Cambridge dons, and the university’s dean, with unexpected consequences over a decade later.
Crowley Versus the Rationalist Press Association
Authors: Kaczynski Richard 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Chapter 6 documents how Aleister Crowley and company’s hard shift into occultism met with consternation and mixed reviews in the Agnostic circles with which they were once allied. The Rationalist Press Association’s (RPA) Literary Guide and Rationalist Review panned J. F. C. Fuller’s The Star in the West (1907), damned Crowley’s Konx Om Pax (1907) with faint praise, and rejected The Equinox journal as “expensively printed lunacy.” In response, Crowley and Fuller used the review pages of The Equinox to attack not only the RPA but the entire Agnostic movement, running scathing reviews of the Literary Guide and its publications. Other works by Crowley from this time, such as The World’s Tragedy (1910), also reveal increasing acrimony toward Agnosticism.
Gendered Transnational Authoritarianism in Cyberspace
Authors: Yılmaz Murat 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Transnational authoritarianism—the efforts of states to influence, surveil, and target citizens abroad—brings together international migration studies and authoritarian studies. Despotic state practices outside of the nation-state’s territories are enhanced by the rise of information and communications technologies (ICT), with the cybersphere ripe for exploitation by authoritarian regimes. The Chinese Communist Party (CCP) perfected cyber-surveillance for domestic control and now uses these strategies to harm citizens abroad. Through a case study of the Uyghur community—a minority Turkic and Muslim population undergoing persecution by the CCP—this chapter explores how the Chinese state uses the cybersphere to surveil and target Uyghurs abroad. The chapter argues that the cybersphere plays an integral role in the CCP’s efforts to silence and harm Uyghurs living outside of China and that this cyberviolence of the CCP in its transnational authoritarianism holds concerning implications for democracy and human security.
Capacity Building and Cyber Insecurity in Latin America
Authors: Henshaw Alexis 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Several Latin American countries are considered among the most connected states in the Global South. However, with this connectivity comes questions about surveillance, information security, and the impact of mis- and disinformation on democratic political systems. This chapter approaches the discussion of cyber insecurity on a regional level, noting the transnational nature of many major threats in the region. These include the spread of mis- and disinformation about COVID-19 and electoral politics, the use of spyware against human rights defenders, and the increased deployment of surveillance technologies for border security. Primary takeaways from the discussion are that states in the region have proven poor guarantors of cybersecurity, that cyber capacity-building efforts (especially from the US and China) have exacerbated security issues in the region, and that the environment of risk is further shaped by considerations of race/ethnicity, gender, and class.
Conclusion
Authors: Mhajne Anwar , Henshaw Alexis 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The conclusion summarizes the key arguments made in the chapters in this edited volume. A recurring theme within the discussion of cybersecurity frameworks is the critical inquiry: “Whose security are we addressing? Security from what? And security by what means?” These inquiries underscore the imperative for cybersecurity processes to be characterized by inclusivity, multidisciplinarity, contextual sensitivity, and an intersectional perspective. It is emphasized that such processes should move beyond the conventional, state-centric definition of cybersecurity, broadening their scope to encompass human rights considerations and attentiveness to the narratives and counsel of marginalized individuals, activists, and civil society groups. This underscores the indispensable role of a feminist framework in any discourse concerning security, insecurity, and rights in the realm of cyberspace.