bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FOXO1 enhances CAR T cell stemness, metabolic fitness and efficacy
Authors: Chan Jack D. , Scheffler Christina M. , Munoz Isabelle , Sek Kevin , Lee Joel N. , Huang Yu-Kuan , Yap Kah Min , Saw Nicole Y. L. , Li Jasmine , Chen Amanda X. Y. , Chan Cheok Weng , Derrick Emily B. , Todd Kirsten L. , Tong Junming , Dunbar Phoebe A. , Li Jiawen , Hoang Thang X. , de Menezes Maria N. , Petley Emma V. , Kim Joelle S. , Nguyen Dat , Leung Patrick S. K. , So Joan , Deguit Christian , Zhu Joe , House Imran G. , Kats Lev M. , Scott Andrew M. , Solomon Benjamin J. , Harrison Simon J. , Oliaro Jane , Parish Ian A. , Quinn Kylie M. , Neeson Paul J. , Slaney Clare Y. , Lai Junyun , Beavis Paul A. , Darcy Phillip K. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractChimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has transformed the treatment of haematological malignancies such as acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, B cell lymphoma and multiple myeloma1–4, but the efficacy of CAR T cell therapy in solid tumours has been limited5. This is owing to a number of factors, including the immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment that gives rise to poorly persisting and metabolically dysfunctional T cells. Analysis of anti-CD19 CAR T cells used clinically has shown that positive treatment outcomes are associated with a more ‘stem-like’ phenotype and increased mitochondrial mass6–8. We therefore sought to identify transcription factors that could enhance CAR T cell fitness and efficacy against solid tumours. Here we show that overexpression of FOXO1 promotes a stem-like phenotype in CAR T cells derived from either healthy human donors or patients, which correlates with improved mitochondrial fitness, persistence and therapeutic efficacy in vivo. This work thus reveals an engineering approach to genetically enforce a favourable metabolic phenotype that has high translational potential to improve the efficacy of CAR T cells against solid tumours.
Selenium-alloyed tellurium oxide for amorphous p-channel transistors
Authors: Liu Ao , Kim Yong-Sung , Kim Min Gyu , Reo Youjin , Zou Taoyu , Choi Taesu , Bai Sai , Zhu Huihui , Noh Yong-Young 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCompared to polycrystalline semiconductors, amorphous semiconductors offer inherent cost-effective, simple and uniform manufacturing. Traditional amorphous hydrogenated Si falls short in electrical properties, necessitating the exploration of new materials. The creation of high-mobility amorphous n-type metal oxides, such as a-InGaZnO (ref. 1), and their integration into thin-film transistors (TFTs) have propelled advancements in modern large-area electronics and new-generation displays2–8. However, finding comparable p-type counterparts poses notable challenges, impeding the progress of complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor technology and integrated circuits9–11. Here we introduce a pioneering design strategy for amorphous p-type semiconductors, incorporating high-mobility tellurium within an amorphous tellurium suboxide matrix, and demonstrate its use in high-performance, stable p-channel TFTs and complementary circuits. Theoretical analysis unveils a delocalized valence band from tellurium 5p bands with shallow acceptor states, enabling excess hole doping and transport. Selenium alloying suppresses hole concentrations and facilitates the p-orbital connectivity, realizing high-performance p-channel TFTs with an average field-effect hole mobility of around 15 cm2 V−1 s−1 and on/off current ratios of 106–107, along with wafer-scale uniformity and long-term stabilities under bias stress and ambient ageing. This study represents a crucial stride towards establishing commercially viable amorphous p-channel TFT technology and complementary electronics in a low-cost and industry-compatible manner.
Remnant cholesterol and the risk of carotid plaque in hypertension: results from a community-based screening among old adults in Hangzhou, China
Authors: Yu Zhecong , Yang Haifeng , Shou Biqi , Cheng Zongxue , Jiang Caixia , Ye Yang , Xu Jue 
Published: April 2024

AbstractElevated remnant cholesterol (RC) is considered a risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, but the evidence on this association applies to the Chinese population with hypertension is limited. We aimed to explore the association between RC levels and carotid plaque in old adults with hypertension. 8523 hypertensive patients aged ≥ 60 years with serum lipids and carotid ultrasonography data were included in this community-based screening. Fasting RC was calculated as total cholesterol minus high-density lipoprotein cholesterol minus low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC). The associations of RC levels with carotid plaque risk were evaluated using Logistic regression and restricted cubic spline models. Carotid plaque was screened in 4821 (56.56%) subjects. After multivariable-adjusted, RC was significantly related to carotid plaque [Odd ratio (OR)] = 1.043 per 0.1 mmol/L increase, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.030–1.056). The highest versus the lowest quartile of RC was 1.928 (1.673–2.223) for carotid plaque. A nonlinear association was found between serum RC levels and the risk of carotid plaque (P for nonlinearity < 0.001). Moreover, an RC > 0.78 mmol/L differentiated patients at a higher risk of carotid plaque compared to those at lower concentrations, regardless of whether LDLC was on target at 2.59 mmol/L. In old adults with hypertension, elevated RC was positively associated with carotid plaque, independent of LDLC and other conventional risk factors.
Modified Fields-Backofen and Zerilli-Armstrong constitutive models to predict the hot deformation behavior in titanium-based alloys
Authors: Shokry Abdallah 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis work presents modifications for two constitutive models for the prediction of the flow behavior of titanium-based alloys during hot deformation. The modified models are the phenomenological-based Fields-Backofen and the physical-based Zerilli-Armstrong. The modifications are derived and suggested by studying the hot deformation of titanium-based alloy Ti55531. The predictability of the modified models along with the original Fields-Backofen and another modified Zerilli-Armstong models is assessed and evaluated using the well-known statistical parameters correlation coefficient (R), Average Absolute Relative Error (AARE), and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), for the Ti55531 alloy, and validated with other two different titanium-based alloys SP700 and TC4. The results show that the modified Fields-Backofen gives the best performance with R value of 0.996, AARE value of 3.34%, and RMSE value of 5.64 MPa, and the improved version of the modified Zerilli-Armstrong model comes in the second-best place with R value of 0.992, AARE value of 3.52%, and RMSE value of 9.15 MPa for the Ti55531 alloy.
Differential gene expression and miRNA regulatory network in coronary slow flow
Authors: Sun Lihua , Wang Juan , Lei Jimin , Zhang Ying , Zhang Yue , Zhang Yaling , Xing Shifeng 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCoronary slow flow (CSF) is characterized by slow progression of coronary angiography without epicardial stenosis. The aim of this study was to explore the potential biomarkers and regulatory mechanism for CSF. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 3 cases of CSF and 3 healthy controls were collected for high-throughput sequencing of mRNA and miRNA, respectively. The differentially expressed mRNAs (DE-mRNAs) and miRNAs (DE-miRNAs) was identified. A total of 117 DE-mRNAs and 32 DE-miRNAs were obtained and they were mainly enriched in immune and inflammatory responses. Twenty-six DE-mRNAs were the predicted target genes for miRNAs by RAID, and then the regulatory network of 15 miRNAs were constructed. In addition, through the PPI network, we identified the three genes (FPR1, FPR2 and CXCR4) with larger degrees as hub genes. Among them, FPR1 was regulated by hsa-miR-342-3p, hsa-let-7c-5p and hsa-miR-197-3p and participated in the immune response. Finally, we validated the differential expression of hub genes and key miRNAs between 20 CSF and 20 control. Moreover, we found that miR-342-3p has a targeted regulatory relationship with FPR1, and their expression is negatively correlated. Then we established a hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) HUVEC model and detected FPR1, cell proliferation and apoptosis. Transfection with miR-342-3p mimics can significantly promote the proliferation of HUVEC under H/R conditions. FPR1 were associated with CSF as a biomarker and may be regulated by miR-342-3p potential biomarkers.
The effect of city reputation on Chinese corporate risk-taking
Authors: Li Sen , Jiang Haifeng 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCity reputation is a valuable asset for the local economy and firms in the contemporary society. However, the impact of city reputation on micro-level firms has been largely overlooked by the literature. This paper uses the National Civilized City (NCC) policy in China as a quasi-natural experiment to enhance city reputation. We employ the DID approach to investigate the relationship between city reputation and corporate risk-taking. The result shows that corporate risk-taking significantly increases following the NCC policy adoption. Moreover, information asymmetry can strengthen the positive impact of city reputation on corporate risk-taking. Channel tests show that city reputation improves financial condition and decreases default risk, leading to improved risk-taking tolerance. Overall, our paper indicates that city reputation is an important mechanism to improve corporate financial performance, providing empirical evidence for local governments to pursue the NCC title.
Reduction in limb-movement complexity at term-equivalent age is associated with motor developmental delay in very-preterm or very-low-birth-weight infants
Authors: Park Myung Woo , Shin Hyung-Ik , Bang Moon Suk , Kim Don-Kyu , Shin Seung Han , Kim Ee-Kyung , Lee Eun Sun , Shin Hyun Iee , Lee Woo Hyung 
Published: April 2024

AbstractReduced complexity during the writhing period can be crucial in the spontaneous movements of high-risk infants for neurologic impairment. This study aimed to verify the association between quantified complexity of upper and lower-limb movements at term-equivalent age and motor development in very-preterm or very-low-birth-weight infants. Video images of spontaneous movements at term-equivalent age were collected from very-preterm or very-low-birth-weight infants. A pretrained pose-estimation model and sample entropy (SE) quantified the complexity of the upper- and lower-limb movements. Motor development was evaluated at 9 months of corrected age using Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition. The SE measures were compared between infants with and without motor developmental delay (MDD). Among 90 infants, 11 exhibited MDD. SE measures at most of the upper and lower limbs were significantly reduced in infants with MDD compared to those without MDD (p < 0.05). Composite scores in the motor domain showed significant positive correlations with SE measures at most upper and lower limbs (p < 0.05). The results show that limb-movement complexity at term-equivalent age is reduced in infants with MDD at 9 months of corrected age. SE of limb movements can be a potentially useful kinematic parameter to detect high-risk infants for MDD.
Microtubule polarity determines the lineage of embryonic neural precursor in zebrafish spinal cord
Authors: Richard Clément-Alexis , Seum Carole , Gonzalez-Gaitan Marcos 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe phenomenal diversity of neuronal types in the central nervous system is achieved in part by the asymmetric division of neural precursors. In zebrafish neural precursors, asymmetric dispatch of Sara endosomes (with its Notch signaling cargo) functions as fate determinant which mediates asymmetric division. Here, we found two distinct pools of neural precursors based on Sara endosome inheritance and spindle-microtubule enrichment. Symmetric or asymmetric levels of spindle-microtubules drive differently Sara endosomes inheritance and predict neural precursor lineage. We uncover that CAMSAP2a/CAMSAP3a and KIF16Ba govern microtubule asymmetry and endosome motility, unveiling the heterogeneity of neural precursors. Using a plethora of physical and cell biological assays, we determined the physical parameters and molecular mechanisms behind microtubule asymmetries and biased endosome motility. Evolutionarily, the values of those parameters explain why all sensory organ precursor cells are asymmetric in flies while, in zebrafish spinal cord, two populations of neural precursors (symmetric vs asymmetric) are possible.
Contribution of host species and pathogen clade to snake fungal disease hotspots in Europe
Authors: Blanvillain Gaëlle , Lorch Jeffrey M. , Joudrier Nicolas , Bury Stanislaw , Cuenot Thibault , Franzen Michael , Martínez-Freiría Fernando , Guiller Gaëtan , Halpern Bálint , Kolanek Aleksandra , Kurek Katarzyna , Lourdais Olivier , Michon Alix , Musilová Radka , Schweiger Silke , Szulc Barbara , Ursenbacher Sylvain , Zinenko Oleksandr , Hoyt Joseph R. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractInfectious diseases are influenced by interactions between host and pathogen, and the number of infected hosts is rarely homogenous across the landscape. Areas with elevated pathogen prevalence can maintain a high force of infection and may indicate areas with disease impacts on host populations. However, isolating the ecological processes that result in increases in infection prevalence and intensity remains a challenge. Here we elucidate the contribution of pathogen clade and host species in disease hotspots caused by Ophidiomyces ophidiicola, the pathogen responsible for snake fungal disease, in 21 species of snakes infected with multiple pathogen strains across 10 countries in Europe. We found isolated areas of disease hotspots in a landscape where infections were otherwise low. O. ophidiicola clade had important effects on transmission, and areas with multiple pathogen clades had higher host infection prevalence. Snake species further influenced infection, with most positive detections coming from species within the Natrix genus. Our results suggest that both host and pathogen identity are essential components contributing to increased pathogen prevalence.
An ultraviolet-driven rescue pathway for oxidative stress to eye lens protein human gamma-D crystallin
Authors: Hill Jake A. , Nyathi Yvonne , Horrell Sam , von Stetten David , Axford Danny , Owen Robin L. , Beddard Godfrey S. , Pearson Arwen R. , Ginn Helen M. , Yorke Briony A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHuman gamma-D crystallin (HGD) is a major constituent of the eye lens. Aggregation of HGD contributes to cataract formation, the leading cause of blindness worldwide. It is unique in its longevity, maintaining its folded and soluble state for 50-60 years. One outstanding question is the structural basis of this longevity despite oxidative aging and environmental stressors including ultraviolet radiation (UV). Here we present crystallographic structures evidencing a UV-induced crystallin redox switch mechanism. The room-temperature serial synchrotron crystallographic (SSX) structure of freshly prepared crystallin mutant (R36S) shows no post-translational modifications. After aging for nine months in the absence of light, a thiol-adduct (dithiothreitol) modifying surface cysteines is observed by low-dose SSX. This is shown to be UV-labile in an acutely light-exposed structure. This suggests a mechanism by which a major source of crystallin damage, UV, may also act as a rescuing factor in a finely balanced redox system.
Histone H1.0 couples cellular mechanical behaviors to chromatin structure
Authors: Hu Shuaishuai , Chapski Douglas J. , Gehred Natalie D. , Kimball Todd H. , Gromova Tatiana , Flores Angelina , Rowat Amy C. , Chen Junjie , Packard René R. Sevag , Olszewski Emily , Davis Jennifer , Rau Christoph D. , McKinsey Timothy A. , Rosa-Garrido Manuel , Vondriska Thomas M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTuning of genome structure and function is accomplished by chromatin-binding proteins, which determine the transcriptome and phenotype of the cell. Here we investigate how communication between extracellular stress and chromatin structure may regulate cellular mechanical behaviors. We demonstrate that histone H1.0, which compacts nucleosomes into higher-order chromatin fibers, controls genome organization and cellular stress response. We show that histone H1.0 has privileged expression in fibroblasts across tissue types and that its expression is necessary and sufficient to induce myofibroblast activation. Depletion of histone H1.0 prevents cytokine-induced fibroblast contraction, proliferation and migration via inhibition of a transcriptome comprising extracellular matrix, cytoskeletal and contractile genes, through a process that involves locus-specific H3K27 acetylation. Transient depletion of histone H1.0 in vivo prevents fibrosis in cardiac muscle. These findings identify an unexpected role of linker histones to orchestrate cellular mechanical behaviors, directly coupling force generation, nuclear organization and gene transcription.
Post-traumatic stress disorder during the Covid-19 pandemic: a national, population-representative, longitudinal study of U.S. adults
Authors: Abdalla Salma M. , Ettman Catherine K. , Rosenberg Samuel B. , Wang Ruochen , Cohen Gregory H. , Galea Sandro 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSubstantial literature documents the impact of mass traumatic events on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in populations. However, the trajectory of PTSD in the US population during the pandemic and the association between assets, Covid-19 related stressors, and PTSD over time remains unclear. The Covid-19 and Life Stressors Impact on Mental Health and Well-Being (CLIMB) is a nationally representative, longitudinal panel of US adults in Spring 2020 (N = 1270), 2021 (N = 1182), and 2022 (N = 1091). Using the four-item PC-PTSD-4, we assessed the prevalence of probable PTSD in the US population over three years. Using generalized estimating equations (GEE) and logistic regression at each wave, we estimated associations of demographics, assets, and stressors with probable PTSD. Here we report that the overall prevalence of PTSD decreases from 22.2% in 2020 to 16.8% in 2022 (p = 0.02). Persons with household incomes below $20,000 report higher prevalence of probable PTSD compared to other income groups. The GEE model shows higher odds of probable PTSD among persons with household incomes below $20,000 (OR = 2.17 (95%CI: 1.35,3.50)) relative to $75,000 or more; and high stressor scores (OR = 2.33 (95%CI: 1.72,3.15)) compared to low stressor scores. High stressor scores are associated with higher odds of probable PTSD in 2020 (OR = 2.69 (95%CI: 1.56,4.66)), 2021 (OR = 4.58 (95%CI: 2.52,8.30)), and 2022 (OR = 3.89 (95%CI: 2.05,7.38)) compared to low stressor scores. This analysis highlights the pandemic’s prolonged influence on population mental health, particularly among persons with fewer economic assets and those experiencing more pandemic-related stressors. Reducing mental health disparities requires interventions to address inequities.
Um novo método de fixação do enxerto para a cabeça fibular na reconstrução do ligamento colateral lateral do joelho: Nota técnica
Authors: Uluöz Mesut 
Published: April 2024

ResumoO ligamento colateral lateral (LCL) é o estabilizador lateral mais forte do joelho. Ele fornece suporte contra o estresse varus e a rotação de posterolateral do joelho. As lesões de LCL ocorrem principalmente com lesões do ligamento cruzado anterior e/ou posterior. Enquanto as lesões grau 1 e 2 são tratadas de forma conservadora, uma vez que são lesões parciais, rupturas totais, como no grau 3, requerem tratamento cirúrgico. Utilizam-se enxertos isquiotibiais nos métodos convencionais de reconstrução da LCL e bioscrews na fixação do tendão ósseo. A reconstrução do LCL é geralmente realizada como um componente de cirurgia de ligamento múltiplo. Portanto, há necessidade de um tendão contralateral ou aloenxerto. O presente artigo tem como objetivo definir uma técnica que não exija enxertos tendíneos e bioscrews na fixação fibular.
O tamanho da glenosfera não importa na artroplastia total reversa de ombro
Authors: Patel Akshar V. , White Christopher A. , Li Troy , Parsons Bradford O. , Flatow Evan L. , Cagle Paul J. 
Published: April 2024

Resumo
Objetivo Até agora, poucos estudos relataram os desfechos da artroplastia total reversa (ATR) de ombro com coortes estratificadas pelo tamanho da glenosfera. O objetivo deste estudo é investigar o papel do tamanho da glenosfera nos desfechos pós-operatórios.
Métodos O estudo incluiu pacientes submetidos à ATR de ombro desde 1987 com acompanhamento mínimo de 2,0 anos. Os pacientes foram estratificados em duas coortes com base no tamanho da glenosfera (36 mm ou 40 mm). A amplitude de movimento, os desfechos relatados pelo paciente e as variáveis radiográficas (morfologia pré-operatória da glenoide, incisura escapular e instabilidade do úmero) foram avaliados.
Resultados Todas as medidas de amplitude de movimento, à exceção da rotação interna, melhoraram de forma significativa entre o período pré-operatório e pós-operatório nas duas coortes. Não houve diferenças significativas na amplitude de movimento pós-operatória, pontuação da American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Standardized Shoulder Assessment Form (ASES) ou escala visual analógica (EVA) de dor entre as duas coortes. De modo geral, a elevação anterior melhorou para 134° ± 16° na coorte de 36 mm e 133° ± 14° na coorte de 40 mm (p = 0,47). A rotação externa melhorou para 37° ± 13° em pacientes da coorte de 36 mm e 35° ± 19° em pacientes da coorte de 40 mm (p = 0,58). A rotação interna aumentou 1,3 níveis vertebrais na coorte de 36 mm e 2,3 níveis vertebrais na coorte de 40 mm. No último acompanhamento, a coorte de 36 mm apresentou EVA de 2 ± 2, ASES de 66 ± 19 e pontuação do Simple Shoulder Test (SST) de 6 ± 3. Da mesma forma, a coorte de 40 mm teve EVA de 2 ± 3, ASES de 77 ± 28 e SST de 9 ± 3.
Conclusões A ATR de ombro causa melhoras sustentadas da amplitude de movimento e função articular independentemente do tamanho da glenosfera.
Nível de Evidência III.
Descrição de técnica de reconstrução do ligamento cruzado anterior com tenodese ântero-lateral tipo mini-Lemaire através de túnel único femoral
Authors: Moro Ricardo , Thá Victor de Carvalho , Ruedas Vinícius Rossoni , Tauchmann Roberto , Dantas Gustavo Meira , Filho Mohty Domit 
Published: April 2024

ResumoA lesão do ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA) causa instabilidade anteroposterior e rotatória do joelho. Reconstruções isoladas intra-articulares muitas vezes não obtêm controle rotacional satisfatório, mantendo queixa de instabilidade e impondo ao neoligamento um maior estresse. Pacientes jovens, com alta demanda atlética e com pivot-shift grau 2 ou 3 apresentam um maior risco de rerrotura após reconstrução isolada do LCA. Ao longo dos anos diversas técnicas foram desenvolvidas na tentativa de mitigar tais situações. Dentre as técnicas descritas, uma das mais utilizadas é a Tenodese extra-articular Lateral tipo Lemaire modificada ou “mini-Lemaire”. Estudos biomecânicos demonstram versatilidade da técnica devido a seu comportamento relativamente isométrico em graus de flexão de 0-60° quando a fita é introduzida profundamente ao ligamento colateral lateral, com possibilidade de fixação em diferentes posições anatômicas no côndilo femoral lateral e em diferentes graus de flexão. O objetivo do estudo é descrever uma técnica acessível, reprodutível e dependente de material amplamente disponível em nosso meio.