bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
VARIABLE EXPRESSION AND IMMUNOGENICITY OF AN H‐2K‐CODED ALLOANTIGEN ON MURINE TUMOURS
Authors: Imamura M. , Martin W. J. 
Published: April 2007

SummaryThe K region of the H‐2 major histocompatibility complex (MHC) of mice of H‐2Kk haplotype codes for two distinct alloantigens. One of these alloantigens, designated k‐common, is expressed by C3HfB/HeN mice (C3Hf). The other alloantigen, designated k‐unique, is not expressed by C3Hf mice. The H‐2 haplotype of C3Hf mice has been classified as kv1 and the variant antigen distinguishing this strain from mice of H‐2Kk haplotype has been designated kv1‐unique. Several transplacentally‐induced lung tumours of C3Hf mice express the k‐unique, rather than the expected kv1‐unique, antigen. The immunogenicity of the k‐unique antigen on C3Hf‐derived lung tumours varies with different tumours. In particular, the capacity of the k‐unique antigen to induce radioresistant immunity in C3Hf mice appears to be lost on long term cultured tumour cells even though the tumour remains susceptible to in vivo immune responses directed against the k‐unique antigen. Alterations in expression and in immunogenicity of unique H‐2‐coded antigens may dictate the nature and efficacy of immune surveillance of autochthanous tumours.
HUMAN AND MURINE TUMOURS: CHANGES IN CELL SURFACE STRUCTURES CODED BY THE MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX REGION
Authors: Ferrone S. , Pellegrino M. A. , Callahan G. N. 
Published: April 2007

SummarySerological and structural changes of surface markers involved in immune reactions may occur in human and murine tumour systems. Thus nine out of twenty‐one human tumour cell lines and SV40‐transformed fibroblasts differed from autologous lymphoblastoid cells or fibroblasts in their reactivity with HLA allonatisera. H‐2 antigens isolated from the murine tumour cells 6C3HED and TP 1422, undergo structural changes. An alien HLA‐B7 was detected in sera from two melanoma patients. The serologic activity on H‐2 antigens was significantly increased in the serum and ascites fluid of tumour bearing mice. Additionally, human SV40‐transformed fibroblatsts acquire receptors for monkey red blood cells and the murine lymphosarcoma cells 6C3HED express receptors for sheep red blood cells.
H‐2D CONTROL OF LEUKAEMIA SUSCEPTIBILITY: MECHANISM AND IMPLICATIONS*
Authors: Meruelo D. 
Published: April 2007

SummaryGenes in the D region of the murine major histocompatibility complex, H‐2, confer resistance to radiation‐induced leukaemia virus. H‐2D gene control appears to ensue at a step subsequent to virus infection, since elimination of virus infected cells does not become apparent until 3‐5 weeks after virus infection. Nonetheless, almost immediately after virus infection, expression of H‐2D‐coded antigens is markedly elevated on the surface of thymocytes from resistant (H‐2Dd) but not susceptible mice (H‐2Ds or H‐2Dq). This increased H‐2D antigen expression triggers a vigorous cell‐mediated immune response which probably plays a key role in resistance to leukaemia via elimination of virus‐infected cells. A hypothesis is put forth to explain the induction of increased sythesis and expression of H‐2D antigens. This hypothesis postulates that the oncogenic segment of RadLV bears a close resemblance to H‐2.4, the private specificity for H‐2Dd, allowing it to integrate at or near the H‐2Dd murine gene. Subsequent to integration, the rates of transcription and translation are altered with a resulting increase in cell surface antigen expression. Other possibilities are also discussed.
PUBLIC H‐2 SPECIFICITIES ARE TARGET DETERMINANTS FOR ALLOREACTIVE CYTOTOXIC T LYMPHOCYTES
Authors: Vazquez A. , Senik Anna , Fridman W. H. , Neauport‐Sautes Catherine 
Published: April 2007

SummaryThe specificity of he corss‐killing exerted by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL's) generated against H‐2 region products was investigated in a 51Cr release assay on a panel of target cells from a number of different H‐2 haplotypes.Their pattern of reaction shows that: (1) The target cells, expressing public specificities (H‐2.28, H‐2.1, H‐2.5, H‐2.3 or H‐2.8) which should, theoretically, be recognized by the CTL's were killed, while those expressing no public specificities, recognized according to the H‐2 chart by the CTL's wer not killed. (2) The CTL's generated against the H‐2.28 specificity expressed on the D region products cross react with target cells expressing this specificity in their K region products and vice versa. The same phenomenon was observed with the H‐2.1 specificity. These results provide evidence that public specificities are targets for CTL's. Antiserum reacting against the public specificity recognized by the CTL's was found to block the cross‐killing, however, to the same extent as antisera directed against any specificity recognized by the CTL's was found to block the cross‐killing, however, to the same extent as antisera directed against any specificity (private or public) expressed on the same molecule as the target determinant. Finally both the inhibition studies using anti‐H‐2 antisera and the direct cytotoxic assays showed that the public specificities of the H‐2.28 family carried by the H‐2.D and H‐2.L molecules were recognized by different subpopulations of CTL's.
THE ROLE OF REGIONAL DIFFERENCES IN THE MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX IN THE PRODUCTION DURING PREGNANCY OF A SERUM FACTOR INHIBITING MACROPHAGE MIGRATION
Authors: Gill T. J. , Kunz H. W. 
Published: April 2007

SummaryThe response by the mother to the paternal antigens of her foetus was evaluated in the rat by the production of a serum factor which inhibits macrophage migration (serum inhibitory factor, SIF). The SIF response depended upon antigenic differences controlled by genes within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), as demonstrated by the use of congenic strains. Differences between mother and foetus within the RT1.A* region of the MHC led to SIF stimulation, whereas, differences in the RT1.B region did not. The SIF response followed the course of the pregnancy: it began at the time of implantation, reached a maximum at birth and then fell precipitously. In contrast, the SIF response to skin grafting did not correlate with differences in the MHC. Thus, the antigenic factors stimulating this maternal response to foetal antigens appear to depend upon a unique type of genetic difference, and this may be a factor in the apparent immunologic privilege enjoyed by the foetus during gestation.
XENOANTISERA TO DRw ALLOSPECIFICITIES
Authors: Belvedere M. , Pellegrino M. A. , Ferrone S. 
Published: April 2007

SummaryThe specificity of DR xenoantisera was assessed by testing them with a panel of HLA typed B‐lymphocytes in a cytotoxic test with rabbit or human complement. The pattern of reactions of some xenoantisera correlated with DR allospecificities. These results confirm that injection of DR antigens across species barrier can elicit antibodies to DR allospecificities.
A NEW GENETIC MARKER OF HUMAN T LYMPHOID CELLS DETECTED BY A XENOGENIC MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY
Authors: Spitz M. , Fainboim L. , Leeuwen A. van 
Published: April 2007

SummaryA hybrid cell line R3/41‐10 was produced by fusing a mouse myeloma line with spleen cells from CBA/H mice which had previously been immunized with human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) obtained from a single donor. Hybrid secreting antibodies to lymphocyte antigens were detected by assaying the culture supernatant for antibody binding to the donor PBL. Those lymphocytes binding more than ten times the background were cloned in soft agar and transferred to micro‐culture plates (Limbro). Antibodies from some wells lost their binding activity. Antibodies from other clones, although retaining their binding capacity, were multispecific in cytotoxicity experiments, killing all the lympoid cells from a panel of normal donors; yet a third kind gave specific limited reactions. Supernatants from clones R3/41‐10 and R3/41‐13 gave concordant cytotoxic reactions killing 20‐40% of the PBL. There was no cytotoxicity of Ig+ cells (B cells). Lymphocytes from seven out of fourteen normal donors reacted with the antibody. The specificity of the antibody produced by clone R3/41‐10 was confirmed by absorption studies.The monoclonal antibodies (Mc+b) described in this communication are shown to react with a subpopulation of T lymphocytes of some individuals and not others, suggesting that they are detecting a polymorphic system of alloantigens like the Ly system in the mouse, provisionally designated HT‐Ly. l.
GENETIC REGULATION OF THE EXPRESSION OF H‐2K.5 ANTIGEN ON ERYTHROID CELLS BY H‐2K END
Authors: Shiroishi T. , Moriwaki K. 
Published: April 2007

SummaryDifference in the amounts of H‐2K.5 antigens present on erythrocytes was observed, using quantitative absorption method, among several B10 congenic strains. However, no such variation was seen on the lymphocytes and lung cells. The variability in the amount of this antigen on the erythrocyte surface was primarily dependent on the haplotype of the H‐2K end in the B10 recombinant strains examined. This suggests that the regulator of H‐2 expression on erythrocytes is in this region. Further genetic analysis confirmed that this regulation functions in the cis‐position. Finally, the H‐2K.5 antigenic activity was expressed on the reticulocytes of all strains tested, but appeared lower in the type 2 group indicating that the regulation begins early in erythropoietic differentiation and eventually results in a complete loss of detectable activity.
TOLERANCE INDUCTION IN MICE SELECTED FOR HIGH OR LOW ANTIBODY RESPONSIVENESS
Authors: Heumann Anne‐Marie , Stiffel C. 
Published: April 2007

SummaryInduction of tolerance to bovine serum albumin was studied in mice selected for high (H) or low (L) antibody responsiveness and in their F1 hybrids. No high or low zone tolerances were obtained in H mice whereas L mice were susceptible to tolerance induction by the two schedules. H mice were immunized by repeated injections of tolerogenic BSA for low zone tolerance induction but not after the administration of a single high dose of tolerogenic BSA. Resistance to tolerance induction is dominant in F1 hybrids.
THE INCIDENCE OF Gm ALLOTYPES IN A GROUP OF IRAQI ARABS
Authors: Shakib F. , Barr D. 
Published: April 2007

SummaryImmunoglobulin allotypes were studied in a group of Iraqi Arabs. Results showed that the incidence of the Gm and Km markers investigated fall into the ranges quoted for Caucasian populations, except for the G3m(t) factor which was shown to have an incidence higher than that found in Caucasian groups.
COELIAC DISEASE AND HLA: A FAMILY STUDY
Authors: Robinson B. N. , Roberts D. F. , Mather B. A. , Nelson R. , Rowlatt A. S. 
Published: April 2007

SummaryIn a family study of coeliac disease, HLA types in fifty‐three patients and their relatives were examined. There are no differences in HLA frequencies between child and adult patients. Comparison with a random series of normal controls shows increases frequencies in patients of HLA‐A1 and B8, while the family material shows that there is also an excess of haplotype I‐8. The excess of homozygotes is thought not to be a factor in the aetiology. Intrafamilial analysis shows that only B8 is significantly associated with the disorder. It is argued that the HLA association does not indicate a ‘coeliac gene’ but that the B8 allele is a major gene in a polygenic system affecting the disorder.
CELL MEMBRANE ALLOANTIGENIC DETERMINANTS OF SEVERAL UNUSUAL MOUSE STRAINS
Authors: Morgan Gillian M. , McKenzie I. F. C. 
Published: April 2007

SummarySeveral interesting and clinically important strains of Mus musculus were serotyped with alloantisera recognizing the different alleles of the Thy‐1, Ly‐1, Ly‐2, Ly‐3, Ly‐4, Ly‐5, Ly‐6 and Ly‐7 loci. The strains were the Biozzi high and low responder strains, of importance in immune responsiveness studies, and the strains BXSB, MRL and MRL—lpr/lpr—strains which spontaneously develop immune complex disease. In addition the related species Mus musculus castaneus was typed with the same reagents. The knowledge of the cell surface phenotype should prove useful in various functional studies involving these interesting strains.
FUNCTIONAL ANTIGEN BINDING BY THE DEFECTIVE B CELLS OF CBA/N x C3H/HeN F1 MALE MICE
Authors: Snippe H. , Merchant B. , Lizzio E. , Inman J. K. 
Published: April 2007

SummaryCBA/N mice have an X‐linked B cell defect which prevents them from responding to non‐mitogenic thymic independent (TI‐II) antigens such as dinitrophenylated (DNP‐AGG) Ficoll. The F1 male progeny of CBA/N female mice express the same defect. Spleen cell suspensions from such defective mice (CBA/N X C3H/HeN F1 males) could not respond to DNP‐AGG‐Ficoll following in vitro immunization and subsequent transfer into irradiated, syngeneic, F1 male recipients as expected. In contrast, normal CBA/N X C3H/HeN F1 female spleen cells could respond and effect a ‘rescue'; they mounted strong plaque‐foriming cell 7 days after in vitro exposure to DNP‐AGG‐Ficoll and subsequent transfer into irradiated F1 male recipients. Defective F1 male spleen cells could bind significant quantities of DNP‐AGG‐Ficoll, however, after, in vitro exposure. Extensive washing of these spleen cells could not reverse this binding. Such DNP‐AGG‐Ficoll‐exposed and washed F1 male spleen cells could, after transfer, aid normal untreated F1 female cells in their rescue function. The defective F1 male spleen cells could convey immunogenic quantities of DNP‐AGG‐Ficoll to the ‘rescuing’ F1 female cells.Mitomycin treatment of F1 male cells did not interfere with their conveyor function. Goat anti‐mouse μ serum impeded the passive antigen conveyor function of defective F1 male cells as did prior exposure to high concentrations of free DNP‐AGG hapten. Our data support the view that the B cell defect of CBA/N X C3H/HeN F1 male mice does not relate to antigen binding, but rather to an inability to be effectively triggered by certain cell‐bound polymeric antigens.
Ir GENE TESTING IN H‐2 MUTANTS
Authors: Morgan G. M. , McKenzie I. F. C. , Goding J. , Melvold R. 
Published: April 2007

SummaryFour different C57BL/6 mutants, each with a mutation presumably in the H‐2Kb locus, were studied to determine whether the mutations had affected Ir gene function. When tested with the antigens, (TG)‐A‐L, ovalbumin (OA), and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH8), there was no difference in the antibody response of the mutants when compared to the parental C57BL/6 strain and there was also no difference in the response to the histocompatibility H‐Y antigen. The responses to these antigens have been mapped, wholly or partially in the K‐IA, IA or IB subregions and therefore the identical response of parent and mutants may provisionally exclude H‐2Kb as a site of Ir gene function for the four antigens tested. In addition, the BALB/c‐dm2 mutant, a mutation in the H‐2Ld locus, gave identical responses to the parental BALB/cKh strain.
NON‐H‐2‐LINKED GENETIC CONTROL OF RESISTANCE TO BALB/c FIBROSARCOMA METH‐A
Authors: Mizushima Y. , Sendo F. , Takeichi N. , Kobayashi H. 
Published: April 2007

SummaryThe genetic control of hybrid resistance to BALB/c fibrosarcoma Meth‐A was investigated. A Meth‐A tumour grew slower in (BALB/c X C57BL/6)F1 and reciprocal hybrid mice than in syngeneic BALB/c mice and was also found to grow slower in females than in males. Significant F1 resistance was demonstrated after both subcutaneous and intraperitoneal injection of tumour cells. However, (BALB/c X DBA/2)F1 mice did not show any significant resistance to Meth‐A. In H‐2 linkage studies of [BALB/c X (BALB/c X C57BL/6)] backcross mice, no statistically significant differences in the resistance of H‐2 heterozygotes and homozygotes to Meth‐A were observed. These results indicated that F1 hybrid resistance to Meth‐A was controlled by non‐H‐2‐linked resistance factor(s). No linkage was observed between resistance to Meth‐A and coat colour c‐ and b‐loci.
THE ROLE OF EXTRACELLULAR DNA IN THE TRANSFER OF INFORMATION FROM T TO B HUMAN LYMPHOCYTES IN THE COURSE OF AN IMMUNE RESPONSE
Authors: A.nker P. , Jachertz D. , Stroun M. , Brögger Renée , Lederrey Christine , Henri Jacqueline , Maurice P. A. 
Published: April 2007

SummaryHuman lymphocytes obtained from donors exhibiting different allotypes were separated into B‐ and T‐enriched subpopulations and cultured in the presence or absence of Herpes simplex virus inactivated by U.V. Isolated B or T cell suspensions did not produce any antiherpetic activity. The B lymphocytes cultruredl in the presence of the supernatant collected from virus‐exposed T cells or in the presence of DNA extracted from this supernatant, synthesized an antiherpetic antibody carrying allotypic marker of the T cell donor.
DISCONTINUOUS GENES AND DNA SEQUENCE TRANSPOSITION: A MODEL FOR IMMUNOGLOBULIN CHAIN SYNTHESIS
Authors: Lefranc G. , Lefranc Marie‐Paule 
Published: April 2007

SummaryAn attempt is made to account for immunoglobulin chain synthesis in terms of genetic events involving IS or controlling elements analogous to those found in bacteria, maize and drosophila. Transposition of variable and constant genes and normal immunoglobulin chain synthesis as well as qualitative and quantitative abnormalities might be explained by such regulatory elements. Intrachromosomal transpositions over short distances would be expressed as apparent hypermutability or redundancy of the variable DNA segment. The constant gene might comprise four sequences coding for the three homology domains and the hinge, separated by intervening sequences. A strong preference for shortrange transposition on the same chromosome and immobilization of the controlling element in the end might account for allelic exclusion.
THE GUINEA‐PIG I‐REGION: III. DISTRIBUTION OF Ia ANTIGENS IN INBRED AND PARTIALLY INBRED STRAINS
Authors: Shevach E. M. , Geczy A. F. , Weck A. de , Schwartz B. D. 
Published: April 2007

SummaryWe have used a combined serologic and structural approach to study the distribution of I‐region associated (Ia) antigens in nine strains of inbred and partially inbred guinea‐pigs. All of the inbred strains studied with the exception of strain 2 animals were found to share one or more I‐subregions with inbred strain 13 animals. The BIOAD, R9, OM3, and BIOAC strains have the same I‐region as strain 13 animals; the B/Lac strain has two subregions in common with strain 13, while the BIOB strain has a single subregion in common with strain 13. The availability of a number of different guinea‐pig strains with well characterized major histocompatibility complexes should facilitate the continuing use of this species in studies of immunogenetics, transplantation, and tumour immunology.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR HETEROGENEITY OF H‐2Kk ANTIGENS
Authors: Eskinazi D. P. , Molinaro G. A. , Reisfeld R. A. , Ferrone S. 
Published: April 2007

SummaryUp to 70% of mouse spleen cells expressing H‐2Kk alloantigens reacted with the monoclonal anti‐H‐2Kk antibody 11‐4.1 in an indirect rosetting assay. When the cells that rosetted with the monoclonal antibody 11‐4.1 were removed by density centrifugation, the residual unreactive cells reacted with the polyclonal anti‐H‐2Kk alloantiserum D23 but not with the monoclonal antibody 11‐4.1 indicating the existence of two cell populations. In sequential immunoprecipitation experimens, the glycoprotein fraction of NP40 extracts from H‐2Kk cells, after removal of antigens reacting with the monoclonal antibody 11‐4.1 still contained structures reactive with the alloantiserum. Therefore, there are at least two antigenically distinct H‐2Kk molecules which are differentially expressed on two subpopulations of spleen cells.
STUDY OF CONGENITALLY IMMUNOLOGIC MUTANT NEW ZEALAND MICE: V. B CELL FUNCTION OF NZB‐Xld MICE
Authors: Ohsugi Y. , Gershwin M. E. , Ahmed A. 
Published: April 2007

SummaryNZB mice bearing the CBA/N X chromosome linked defect were generated by repetitive backcrossing and selection of the Xld gene. The male offspring resulting from the cross of NZB with CBA/N were selected as being XldY on the basis of sera IgM and IgG3 levels and responsiveness to DNP‐Lys‐Ficoll. Following this inbreeding protocol, 6th generation backcross NZB XldY mice were compared to littermate controls with respect to B cell function. Sera immunoglobulin levels of IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b and IgA were similar in XldY and XY mice. In contrast, levels of IgM and IgG3, from XldY mice were approximately 15% and 50%, respectively, of values found in littermates. Furthermore, XldY mice failed to respond to DNP‐Lys‐Ficoll and had less than 3% splenic Lyb 5.1‐bearing cells. Splenic immunoglobulin cell surface profiles, obtained by the fluorescent activated cell sorter, indicated a significant reduction in the frequency of Ig bearing cells in Xld animals. Such profiles were similar to those obtained for spleen cells from reference control CBA/N mice. Finally, an elevated number of splenic, lymph node and bone marrow background and lipopolysaccharide‐induced B cell clones in semi‐solid phase agar was found in NZB but not C57BL/6, C3H, BALB/c and DBA/2 controls. In contrast, NZB XldY mice had virtually no detectable B cell colonies. This data, obtained on significantly inbred XldY NZB mice, suggests that the Xid gene is dominant over several aspects of polyclonal B cell activation in NZB mice and indicates that serial observation of these mice will be valuable in understanding the interactions of genetic immunologic mutations and cellular function in autoimmunity.
CHARACTERIZATION OF HUMAN TERATOMA CELL LINES FOR THEIR IN VITRO DEVELOPMENTAL PROPERTIES AND EXPRESSION OF EMBRYONIC AND MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY LOCUS‐ASSOCIATED ANTIGENS
Authors: Avner P. , Bono R. , Berger R. , Fellous M. 
Published: April 2007

SummaryFive human teratoma cell lines have been characterized for the presence of a certain number of marker antigens whose presence or absence has been shown to be characteristic of mouse embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells. Four out of the five lines have been shown to respond to at least some of the criteria associated with murine EC cells even though only limited in vitro differentiation could be demonstrated. The significance of certain unusual marker antigen combinations present on the cell line Tera I and its clones and so far unobserved for the murine model is discussed. The observation in Tera I populations of cells carrying simultaneously both the F9 and β2‐microglobulin or HLA antigens, suggest that the human cell lines may represent a novel material for the study of mammalian differentiation.