bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ECG findings in professional rugby players using international screening recommendations
Authors: McHugh Clíodhna , Petek Bradley , Grant Aubrey J , Gustus Sarah , van Dyk Nicol , Hind Karen , Wilson Fiona , Wasfy Meagan 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundWhile World Rugby guidelines do not mandate the inclusion of an electrocardiogram (ECG) for all players, this is required for entry into international rugby competitions. We, therefore, sought to describe sport-specific normative ECG values and evaluate the performance of contemporary athlete ECG guidelines in male and female professional rugby players.MethodsWe retrospectively analysed professional rugby players’ ECGs (n=356, male 79%) obtained during preparticipation screening (2010–2022), comparing by sex and playing position (forwards vs backs). ECGs were categorised as normal ‘training-related’, borderline and abnormal findings, as defined by the 2017 International Recommendations.Results84% of players had one or more normal, ‘training-related’ findings, with males having a higher prevalence than females (91% vs 60%, p<0.001). Most ECG findings did not vary by position. No female player had borderline or abnormal ECG findings. Borderline findings were present in 3% (n=12/356) of players. Abnormal findings were present in 2% (n=7/356) of players. Overall, 2.2% of ECGs were ‘positive’ (n=8/356, including n=1 ECG with two borderline findings).ConclusionsThe application of contemporary ECG interpretation criteria resulted in a low positivity rate isolated to male players. These results help inform the logistic feasibility of ECG-inclusive screening, which is already required to enter major tournaments.
Coronary artery disease and outcomes following transcatheter aortic valve implantation
Authors: Kurmani Sameer , Modi Bhavik , Mukherjee Aditya , Adlam David , Banning Amerjeet , Ladwiniec Andrew , Rajendra Raj , Baron Julia , Roberts Elved , Ng Andre , Squire Iain , McCann Gerald , Samani Nilesh J , Kovac Jan 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundAortic stenosis is a life-limiting condition for which transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is an established therapy. Coronary artery disease (CAD) is frequently found in this patient group and optimal management in these patients remains uncertain.ObjectivesWe sought to examine the association of coexistent CAD on mortality and hospital readmission in patients undergoing TAVI.MethodsIn this observational cohort study, we examined patients who underwent TAVI and segregated them by the presence of obstructive epicardial CAD. The primary outcome was 3-year mortality with secondary outcomes being readmission for (1) all-causes, (2) a MACE (Major Adverse Cardiovascular Event) composite endpoint and (3) acute coronary syndrome. Subsidiary outcomes included patient angina and breathlessness scores.Results898 patients underwent TAVI, of which 488 (54.3%) had unobstructed coronary arteries and 410 (45.7%) had obstructive CAD. Overall, n=298 (33.2%) patients experienced the primary mortality endpoint with no significant difference when stratified according to CAD (n=160 (32.9%) vs n=136 (33.2%), HR 0.98, CI 0.78 to 1.24). After multivariate analysis, the presence of CAD had no effect on the primary outcome (HR 0.98, CI 0.68 to 1.40). There was no significant difference in readmission for any cause (n=181, 37.1% (CAD) vs n=169, 41.2% (no CAD), p=0.23), including no significant difference on readmission for MACE (n=48, 9.8% (CAD) vs n=45, 11.0% (no CAD), p=0.11). CAD at the time of TAVI also did not alter breathlessness or angina scores before/after TAVI (p>0.05).ConclusionCoexistent CAD had no significant association with mortality, any-cause readmission or symptoms for patients undergoing TAVI in our cohort.
Lobbying against tobacco tax increases in France: arguments and strategies of the tobacco industry and tobacconists analysed through their trade press
Authors: Millot Ana , Beguinot Emmanuelle , Petticrew Mark , Gallopel-Morvan Karine 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionRaising taxes is one of the most cost-effective measures to reduce tobacco use. France has a unique profile: it has high tobacco use prevalence and a state monopoly on tobacco sales for tobacconists who are both agents of the customs administration and a recognised tobacco industry (TI) front group. In this paper, we investigate the lobbying tactics and arguments against tobacco taxation mobilised by the TI and tobacconists in France.MethodsWe conducted a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the two leading French tobacco trade media outlets (La Revue des Tabacs and Le Losange) between 2000 and 2020. We performed a manual thematic content analysis based on existing conceptual models of TI political activity, including the policy dystopia model.ResultsTobacconists actively lobbied against tobacco taxation, using traditional arguments highlighted in conceptual models (ie, the claim that ‘taxation increases illicit trade and is ineffective’), but also France-centric arguments (ie, tobacconists denounced the impact of cross-border shopping and highlighted their role as pivotal to community life in rural areas). We also found lobbying strategies mirroring those identified previously (ie, coalition, information management and direct influence in public policy).ConclusionsTobacconists in France hold a specific status that gives them privileged access to government bodies that can be exploited to successfully lobby against tobacco taxation. NGOs need to expose these lobbying activities and alert the public authorities to Article 5.3 of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control that requires countries to protect policies from TI interests.
Relativistic effects on the kink of nuclear charge radii in lead
Authors: Marcos Saturnino , Niembro Ramón , López-Quelle Mecedes 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe kink in the nuclear charge radii of lead isotopes is studied in the relativistic mean field approximation framework, using the parameter set NL3$$^*$$

∗

. Within this approach, it is shown that the small component of the single-particle Dirac spinors plays an essential role in the kink formation through its effects on the single-particle central potential. This is because the structure of this potential in terms of the $$\sigma $$
σ
-scalar and $$\omega $$
ω
-vector fields and the contributions of the small component to the scalar and nucleon densities have opposite signs. The impact of the spin-orbit interaction of the valence neutrons on the kink, through its effects on their wave functions, is very small for 1i states but significant for 2g states. Due to relativistic contributions, the effects on the kink of neutrons in the valence levels of a spin-orbit doublet with $$j=l+1/2$$

j
=
l
+
1
/
2

and $$j=l-1/2$$

j
=
l
-
1
/
2

are rather different from each other, even in the limit case of neglecting their spin-orbit interaction.
Observational tests of asymptotically flat $${{\mathcal {R}}}^{2}$$ spacetimes
Authors: Zhu Tao , Nguyen Hoang Ky , Azreg-Aïnou Mustapha , Jamil Mubasher 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA novel class of Buchdahl-inspired metrics with closed-form expressions was recently obtained based on Buchdahl’s seminal work on searching for static, spherically symmetric metrics in $${{\mathcal {R}}}^{2}$$

R

2

gravity in vacuo. Buchdahl-inspired spacetimes provide an interesting framework for testing predictions of $${{\mathcal {R}}}^{2}$$

R

2

gravity models against observations. To test these Buchdahl-inspired spacetimes, we consider observational constraints imposed on the deviation parameter, which characterizes the deviation of the asymptotically flat Buchdahl-inspired metric from the Schwarzschild spacetime. We utilize several recent solar system experiments and observations of the S2 star in the galactic center and the black hole shadow. By calculating the effects of Buchdahl-inspired spacetimes on astronomical observations both within and outside of the solar system, including the deflection angle of light by the Sun, gravitational time delay, perihelion advance, shadow, and geodetic precession, we determine observational constraints on the corresponding deviation parameters by comparing theoretical predictions with the most recent observations. Among these constraints, we find that the tightest one comes from the Cassini mission’s measurement of gravitational time delay.
How many dark neutrino sectors does cosmology allow?
Authors: Zander Alan , Ettengruber Manuel , Eller Philipp 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe present the very first constraints on the number of Standard Model (SM) copies with an additional Dirac right-handed neutrino. From cosmology, we are able to pose strong limits on large regions of the parameter space. Moreover, we show that it is possible to account for the right dark matter density in form of stable particles from the dark sectors.
Black holes and regular black holes in coincident $$f({\mathbb {Q}},{\mathbb {B}}_Q)$$ gravity coupled to nonlinear electrodynamics
Authors: Junior José Tarciso S. S. , Lobo Francisco S. N. , Rodrigues Manuel E. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this work, we consider an extension of the symmetric teleparallel equivalent of General Relativity (STEGR), namely, $$f({\mathbb {Q}})$$

f
(
Q
)

gravity, by including a boundary term $${\mathbb {B}}_Q$$

B
Q

, where $${\mathbb {Q}}$$
Q
is the non-metricity scalar. More specifically, we explore static and spherically symmetric black hole and regular black hole solutions in $$f({\mathbb {Q}},{\mathbb {B}}_Q)$$

f
(
Q
,

B
Q

)

gravity coupled to nonlinear electrodynamics (NLED). In particular, to obtain black hole solutions, and in order to ensure that our solutions preserve Lorentz symmetry, we assume the following relation $$f_Q = -f_B$$

f
Q

=
-

f
B

, where $$f_{Q}=\partial f/\partial {\mathbb {Q}}$$

f
Q

=
∂
f
/
∂
Q

and $$f_{B}= \partial f/\partial {\mathbb {B}}_Q$$

f
B

=
∂
f
/
∂

B
Q

. We develop three models of black holes, and as the starting point for each case we consider the non-metricity scalar or the boundary term in such a way to obtain the metric functions A(r). Additionally, we are able to express matter through analytical solutions for specific NLED Lagrangians $${{\mathcal {L}}}_{\textrm{NLED}}(F)$$

L
NLED

(
F
)

. Furthermore, we also obtain generalized solutions of the Bardeen and Culetu types of regular black holes, by imposing specific metric functions.
Circulating miRNA Signature Predicts Cancer Incidence in Lynch Syndrome—A Pilot Study
Authors: Sievänen Tero , Jokela Tiina , Hyvärinen Matti , Korhonen Tia-Marje , Pylvänäinen Kirsi , Mecklin Jukka-Pekka , Karvanen Juha , Sillanpää Elina , Seppälä Toni T. , Laakkonen Eija K. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Lynch syndrome (LS) is the most common autosomal dominant cancer syndrome and is characterized by high genetic cancer risk modified by lifestyle factors. This study explored whether a circulating miRNA (c-miR) signature predicts LS cancer incidence within a 4-year prospective surveillance period. To gain insight how lifestyle behavior could affect LS cancer risk, we investigated whether the cancer-predicting c-miR signature correlates with known risk-reducing factors such as physical activity, body mass index (BMI), dietary fiber, or NSAID usage. The study included 110 c-miR samples from LS carriers, 18 of whom were diagnosed with cancer during a 4-year prospective surveillance period. Lasso regression was utilized to find c-miRs associated with cancer risk. Individual risk sum derived from the chosen c-miRs was used to develop a model to predict LS cancer incidence. This model was validated using 5-fold cross-validation. Correlation and pathway analyses were applied to inspect biological functions of c-miRs. Pearson correlation was used to examine the associations of c-miR risk sum and lifestyle factors. hsa-miR-10b-5p, hsa-miR-125b-5p, hsa-miR-200a-3p, hsa-miR-3613-5p, and hsa-miR-3615 were identified as cancer predictors by Lasso, and their risk sum score associated with higher likelihood of cancer incidence (HR 2.72, 95% confidence interval: 1.64–4.52, C-index = 0.72). In cross-validation, the model indicated good concordance with the average C-index of 0.75 (0.6–1.0). Coregulated hsa-miR-10b-5p, hsa-miR-125b-5p, and hsa-miR-200a-3p targeted genes involved in cancer-associated biological pathways. The c-miR risk sum score correlated with BMI (r = 0.23, P &lt; 0.01). In summary, BMI-associated c-miRs predict LS cancer incidence within 4 years, although further validation is required.

Prevention Relevance:
The development of cancer risk prediction models is key to improving the survival of patients with LS. This pilot study describes a serum miRNA signature–based risk prediction model that predicts LS cancer incidence within 4 years, although further validation is required.
Public Opinions on ChatGPT : An Analysis of Reddit Discussions by Using Sentiment Analysis, Topic Modeling, and SWOT Analysis
Authors: Naing Shwe Zin Su , Udomwong Piyachat 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
The sudden arrival of AI (Artificial Intelligence) into people's daily lives all around the world was marked by the introduction of ChatGPT, which was officially released on November 30, 2022. This AI invasion in our lives drew the attention of not only tech enthusiasts but also scholars from diverse fields, as its capacity extends across various fields. Consequently, numerous articles and journals have been discussing ChatGPT, making it a headline for several topics. However, it does not reflect most public opinion about the product. Therefore, this paper investigated the public's opinions on ChatGPT through topic modelling, Vader-based sentiment analysis and SWOT analysis. To gather data for this study, 202905 comments from the Reddit platform were collected between December 2022 and December 2023. The findings reveal that the Reddit community engaged in discussions related to ChatGPT, covering a range of topics including comparisons with traditional search engines, the impacts on software development, job market, and education industry, exploring ChatGPT's responses on entertainment and politics, the responses from Dan, the alter ego of ChatGPT, the ethical usage of user data as well as queries related to the AI-generated images. The sentiment analysis indicates that most people hold positive views towards this innovative technology across these several aspects. However, concerns also arise regarding the potential negative impacts associated with this product. The SWOT analysis of these results highlights both the strengths and pain points, market opportunities and threats associated with ChatGPT. This analysis also serves as a foundation for providing recommendations aimed at the product development and policy implementation in this paper.
Non-Gaussian normative modelling with hierarchical Bayesian regression
Authors: de Boer Augustijn A. A. , Bayer Johanna M. M. , Kia Seyed Mostafa , Rutherford Saige , Zabihi Mariam , Fraza Charlotte , Barkema Pieter , Westlye Lars T. , Andreassen Ole A. , Hinne Max , Beckmann Christian F. , Marquand Andre 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Normative modelling is an emerging technique for parsing heterogeneity in clinical cohorts. This can be implemented in practice using hierarchical Bayesian regression, which provides an elegant probabilistic solution to handle site variation in a federated learning framework. However, applications of this method to date have employed a Gaussian assumption, which may be restrictive in some applications. We have extended the hierarchical Bayesian regression framework to flexibly model non-Gaussian data with heteroskdastic skewness and kurtosis. To this end, we employ a flexible distribution from the sinh-arcsinh (SHASH) family, and introduce a novel reparameterisation and a Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling approach to perform inference in this model. Using a large neuroimaging dataset collected at 82 different sites, we show that the results achieved with this extension are equivalent or better than a warped Bayesian linear regression baseline model on most datasets, while providing better control over the parameters governing the shape of distributions that the approach is able to model. We also demonstrate that the attained flexibility is useful for accurately modelling highly nonlinear relationships between aging and imaging derived phenotypes, which shows that the extension is important for pushing the field of normative modelling forward. All methods described here are available in the open-source pcntoolkit.
Branding the Beast
Authors: Bogdan Henrik 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This article discusses the British occultist Aleister Crowley (1875–1947) as an advertiser of the occult. Relying on theories of advertising and branding, it is argued that Crowley’s main branding strategy was the use of irony and humor in order to distance himself from other actors on the occult market. Furthermore, it is argued that this can be understood as a strategy of legitimization rooted in class consciousness, and more specifically in the elite intellectualism of turn-of-the-century Oxbridge. Crowley’s brand identity as the Great Beast 666, the Prophet of a New Age or Aeon, is analyzed with a special focus on his branding strategies in advertising, divided into (1) advertisements in books, (2) prospectuses, (3) marketing campaigns, and (4) the marketing of Crowley as a spiritual teacher.
Projecting Worlds Today
Authors: Teixeira Da Silva William 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This essay aims at an appraisal of Nicholas Wolterstorff’s magum opus on the subject of art, the book Works and Worlds of Art, published in 1980 by the Clarendon Press in Oxford. The book is well known by analytic philosophers of religion, but its innovative value still seems to receive less recognition from other schools of thought and from artists and scholars in the area of Arts. Therefore, this introduction situates the book in the history of Philosophy of Art, with special focus on the state of affairs for the discipline in the twentieth century, engaging dialogue with other philosophical proposals in the period. Finally, the core concepts of Wolterstorff’s philosophy of art will be presented and defined in order to offer a glimpse of the richness that this book could still provide to contemporary scholarship.
Further Distance From Treating Facility is Associated With Advanced Colon Cancer at Presentation and Increased Mortality
Authors: Schmocker Ryan K. , Enomoto Laura M. , Low Gregory K. , McLoughlin James M. , Casillas Mark A. , Antill Andrew C. , Heidel Robert E. , Russ Andrew J. 
Published: March 2024

Background Colon cancer outcomes in the United States have improved over the last thirty years. However, there remain significant outcome disparities, especially in rural regions. It is unclear if distance to the treating facility has an independent effect on colon cancer mortality and outcomes. We sought to evaluate whether distance from a treating facility impacts stage at diagnosis and mortality. Methods The National Cancer Database (NCDB) was utilized to identify a cohort of adult patients with colon cancer between the years 2013 and 2017 in all regions of the United States. Outcomes measured included colon cancer TNM stage, time to surgery, time to chemotherapy, and overall survival. Results A total of n = 356,189 patients met inclusion criteria. When controlling for race, education status, insurance status, comorbidities, and income, distance from the treating facility was a significant predictor of stage at presentation with more advanced clinical TNM stage as distance increased (AORs 1.12-1.62, P < .001 for all groups). Longer distance significantly increased the time to surgery (between 5.06 and 14.46 days, P < .001) and overall mortality (HR 1.11-1.28, P < .001). Median survival was 82.4 months for the closest group, versus 75.1 months for the farthest group ( P < .001). Conclusions Increased distance from the treating facility resulted in a significantly higher stage at presentation, increased time to surgery, and increased mortality. These results suggest that there are significant disparities in access to cancer care for patients who live in rural areas. Targeted interventions by treating facilities are needed to improve screening and timely treatment for rural colon cancer patients.
Does Efficiency Bring Down Default Risk in Indian Banks?
Authors: Kanoujiya Jagjeevan , Rastogi Shailesh 
Published: March 2024

Banks are an integral part of a nation’s economy. Therefore, soundness of a bank’s financial health is foremost important for the good economic condition of the country. This article proposes to assess the bank efficiency (BE) and default risk (DR) of banks in India, and to examine the link between BE and DR of banks in India. This study uses the secondary data of 34 banks operating in India for the period from 2016 to 2019 for panel data analysis. BE as technical efficiency of banks and their DR are evaluated using data envelopment analysis and Altman’s Z-score, respectively. The findings of the study indicate no significant association between BE and DR of banks in India. This article is a novel study of its kind and provides surprising result, which indicates encouraging outcome for banks in India. JEL Codes: G30, G33, G38
Estimating the Lifetime Cost of Managing Hypertension in Ghana: A Modelling Study
Authors: Atibila Fidelis , Asamani James Avoka , Donkoh Emmanuel Timmy , Ruiter Rob , Kok Gerjo , Hoor Gill Ten 
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Over the last decade, hypertension (HPT) is among the leading causes of death and morbidity in Ghana. In recent past, most health policy research in Ghana and Africa focussed on communicable diseases. In recent times, Ghana and other developing nations have shifted their attention to non-communicable diseases because most of these countries are going through an epidemiologic transition where there is a surge in the prevalence of HPT. This paper was therefore set out to estimate the cost of treating HPT in Ghana from the patients’ and health system’s perspectives. Method: We used a cost of illness framework to simulate the cost of HPT management in Ghana taking into account 4 of the common target organ complications with the most mortality implication. A decision analytic model (DAM) was developed in Microsoft® Excel to simulate the progression of HPT patients and the Markov model was employed in simulating the lifetime cost of illness. Results: The results show that by 10 years from diagnosis, the probability of death from any of the 4 complications (ie, stroke, myocardial infarction, heart failure, and chronic kidney disease) is roughly 41.03%. By 20 years (or 243 months) from diagnosis, the probability of death is estimated to be 69.61%. However, by the 30th anniversary, the probability of death among the cohort is 82.3%. Also, the lifetime discounted cost of treating HPT is about GHS 869 106 which could range between GHS 570 239 and GHS 1.202 million if wide uncertainty is taken into account. This is equivalent to USD 119 056 (range: USD 78 115-164 723). Conclusion: By highlighting the lifetime cost of treating HPT in Ghana, policies can be formulated regarding the cost of treating HPT by the non-communicable disease unit and National Health Insurance Authority (NHIA) of the Ministry of Health.