bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk of Postpartum Hemorrhage in Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: Stratified by Severity
Authors: Cagino Kristen A. , Wiley Rachel L. , Ghose Ipsita , Ciomperlik Hailie N. , Sibai Baha M. , Mendez-Figueroa Hector , Chauhan Suneet P. 
Published: April 2024

Objective We aimed to determine the composite maternal hemorrhagic outcome (CMHO) among individuals with and without hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), stratified by disease severity. Additionally, we investigated the composite neonatal adverse outcome (CNAO) among individuals with HDP who had postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) versus did not have PPH.
Study Design Our retrospective cohort study included all singletons who delivered at a Level IV center over two consecutive years. The primary outcome was the rate of CMHO, defined as blood loss ≥1,000 mL, use of uterotonics, mechanical tamponade, surgical techniques for atony, transfusion, venous thromboembolism, intensive care unit admission, hysterectomy, or maternal death. A subgroup analysis was performed to investigate the primary outcome stratified by (1) chronic hypertension, (2) gestational hypertension and preeclampsia without severe features, and (3) preeclampsia with severe features. A multivariable regression analysis was performed to investigate the association of HDP with and without PPH on a CNAO which included APGAR <7 at 5 minutes, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, intraventricular hemorrhage, necrotizing enterocolitis, seizures, neonatal sepsis, meconium aspiration syndrome, ventilation >6 hours, hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy, or neonatal death.
Results Of 8,357 singletons, 2,827 (34%) had HDP. Preterm delivery <37 weeks, induction of labor, prolonged oxytocin use, and magnesium sulfate usage were more common in those with versus without HDP (p < 0.001). CMHO was higher among individuals with HDP than those without HDP (26 vs. 19%; adjusted relative risk [aRR] = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.01–1.22). In the subgroup analysis, only individuals with preeclampsia with severe features were associated with higher CMHO (n = 802; aRR = 1.52, 95% CI: 1.32–1.75). There was a higher likelihood of CNAO in individuals with both HDP and PPH compared to those with HDP without PPH (aRR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.06–2.09).
Conclusion CMHO was higher among those with HDP. After stratification, only those with preeclampsia with severe features had an increased risk of CMHO. Among individuals with HDP, those who also had a PPH had worse neonatal outcomes than those without hemorrhage.
Key Points
European Pediatric Surgeons' Association Survey on Timing of Inguinal Hernia Repair in Premature Infants
Authors: Soyer Tutku , Pio Luca , Gorter Ramon , Martinez Leopoldo , Dingemann Jens , Pederiva Federica , Dariel Anne , Zani-Ruttenstock Elke , Kakar Mohit , Hall Nigel J. 
Published: April 2024

Aim This article evaluates the practice patterns of European Pediatric Surgeons' Association (EUPSA) members regarding the timing of inguinal hernia (IH) repair in premature infants.
Methods Online survey containing 29 questions distributed to EUPSA members during January 2023.
Results A total of 180 responds were received. Overall, IH repair prior to discharge was favored by 60% of respondents when there was a history of incarceration and 56% when there was not. In the case of very/extremely premature infants (< 32 weeks) with no history of incarceration, fewer (43%) respondents postpone the surgery until after discharge. The majority of respondents cited the risk of incarceration as the reason for advocating surgery prior to discharge, whereas a reduced risk of apnea was the most cited reason for respondents who prefer delayed surgery. Open approach under general anesthesia was favored by 54% of respondents, with 27% of them preferring open approach with spinal anesthesia. Laparoscopic surgery for premature infants is used in 11% while 7% of them preferred in all premature infants including extremely/very premature ones. Contralateral side evaluation was never done by 40% of respondents and 29% only performed it only during laparoscopic repair. The majority of respondents (77%) indicated that they have an overnight stay policy for premature infants < 45 weeks of gestation.
Conclusion There is variation in the practice patterns of pediatric surgeons in the treatment of IH in premature infants. Due to the concern for the high risk of incarceration, IH repair before discharge was the most prevalent practice. Lower risk of postoperative apnea was cited as the most common reason for delaying surgery. Randomized studies are required to establish the optimal timing for IH repair in premature infants.
Network Analysis of Past Presidents of the North American Skull Base Society
Authors: Luebs John K. , Snyderman Carl H. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background Little is known about the relative contributions and interactions of the past presidents of the North American Skull Base Society (NASBS) and skull base centers.
Objectives (1) Measure academic contributions of past presidents; (2) identify influential nodes of academic collaboration; (3) identify opportunities for future collaboration.
Methods Peer-reviewed publications of past presidents of NASBS from 1964 to July 2019 were identified using Scopus author name search. Network structures were constructed and analyzed using the graph-tool python library to produce a weighted co-authorship network base and compute centrality measures. Girvan–Newman clustering was applied to identify community structure. Network maps were then produced using Gephi network visualization software with force-directed layout algorithms.
Results The coauthor network of 29 presidents was fully connected, with a maximum shortest-path distance between presidents of 5. The mean number of connections from each node without respect to weighting was 5.31 (standard deviation [SD]: 3.53), and the mean number of connections with weighting was 8.40 (SD: 7.28). The number of unweighted connections ranged from 1 to 14 and weighted connections ranged from 0.25 to 24.7. Girvan–Newman clustering identified three communities with two that covered 93% of the network. The largest communities contained 14 and 13 presidents. The number of connections was correlated with h-index, both unweighted (r
2 = 0.34) and weighted (r
2 = 0.26).
Conclusion Network mapping of past presidents of the NASBS helps to capture the history of the NASBS and reveals areas of concentration and influence within the specialty.
Impact of the Lumbar Catheter on the Incidence of Postsurgical Meningitis in the Endoscopic Endonasal Approach
Authors: Maskin Luis Patricio , Noya Santiago E. , Caffaratti Guido , Echarri Maria Martina , Hlavnicka Alejandro , Cervio Andres 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Objectives Endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) procedures are inherently contaminated due to direct access through the nasopharyngeal mucosa. The reported rate of postoperative meningitis in EEA procedures is between 0.7 and 10%. Lumbar catheters are used in EEA surgeries to prevent cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) fistulae, but their use is associated with increased infection rates. This study investigated whether there is a difference in rates of postoperative meningitis based on lumbar catheter (LC) utilization.
Methods We performed a retrospective review of consecutive patients who underwent EEA surgeries between January 2016 and March 2023 at a single institution (Fundación para la Lucha contra las Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia).
Main Outcome Incidence of meningitis following EEA surgery with lumbar catheter.
Results Seventy-two patients were enrolled, median age was 44 years, and 53% were female. The most frequent surgery performed was craniopharyngioma 46% (26 patients). A LC was used in 28 patients. Meningitis was diagnosed in 11 of 72 patients (15.2%), being higher in the LC group (10 patients). The odds ratio for the development of meningitis in the presence of an LC was 23.38 (95% confidence interval, 2.77–123.78; p < 0.004). There was no statistical difference in the reported incidence of meningitis when CSF leak was present.
Conclusions This study demonstrates an extremely high incidence of meningitis (36%) following EEA procedures when an LC is used. The incidence of meningitis was not significantly associated with CSF leak in our cohort.
Base-Mediated Synthesis of 2-Bromobenzoheterocycles
Authors: Lautens Mark , Arora Ramon , Li Shangyu , Stommer Maik , Mirabi Bijan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA base-mediated cyclization to synthesize 2-bromobenzoheterocycles is reported. This transformation was demonstrated with 16 examples to access a broad range of brominated benzoheterocycles. Mechanistic studies support the reaction proceeds through a bromoalkyne, and revealed an exchangeable proton at C3 of the indole products.
Total Synthesis of Moiramide B Using an Allylic Alkylation Approach
Authors: Kazmaier Uli , Prudel Cynthia 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAn allylic side chain is introduced onto a chiral γ-amino-β-ketoamide by a Pd-catalyzed allylic alkylation. Subsequent ozonolysis and oxidation proceed only with Cbz-protected ketoamides. The total synthesis of moiramide B is finalized by peptide coupling.
Correlative Factors of Severity of Air Bubbles in the Large Intestine during Colonoscopy
Authors: Yoshikawa Takaaki , Yamauchi Atsushi , Itami Kumi , Odo Shinichiro , Soma Yoshihiro , Tanaka Kosuke , Negoro Kazuki , Mori Yuki , Osawa Kazuki , Itou Ryou , Kawai Yuya , Nakagami Sota , Azuma Shunjiro , Morita Toshihiro , Hirohashi Kenshiro , Kuriyama Katsutoshi , Takahashi Ken , Kou Tadayuki , Katayama Toshiro , Yazumi Shujiro 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Objectives The condition of air bubbles in the large intestine is an influential factor for good quality of colonoscopy. However, the correlative factors of severity of air bubbles during colonoscopy in the large intestine are not established. Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate the correlative factors influencing the severity of air bubbles in the large intestine.
Materials and Methods A total of 314 examinees who underwent colonoscopy between August and September 2022 were enrolled (median age [range], 65 [18–88] years). Air bubbles were scored using the Colon Endoscopic Bubble Scale (CEBuS) and the clinical factors associated with the CEBuS scores, especially in the ileocecum, were analyzed.
Results In this study, 39.8% (125/314) of examinees harbored severe air bubbles in the ileocecum. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the CEBuS scores in the ileocecum were positively associated with the interval time from completion of bowel preparation to intubation of the cecum (p = 0.0016) and a history of cholecystectomy (p = 0.0198). Logistic regression analysis between no, mild, and moderate air bubbles group (n = 189) and severe air bubbles group (n = 125) also showed that severity was positively associated with the interval time from completion of bowel preparation to intubation of the cecum (p = 0.0332) and a history of cholecystectomy (p = 0.0095).
Conclusion Interval time and history of cholecystectomy were associated with severity of air bubbles in the large intestine after bowel preparation.
On the inductance of a Möbius strip
Authors: Franek Jaroslav , Šoka Martin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The work is devoted to the calculation of the self-inductance of the Möbius strip (MS), assuming that a self-contained surface current flows on its surface. Subsequently, the vector potential corresponding to this situation is expressed in cases where: (a) the surface current is constant (b) the surface current is inversely proportional to the length of the line along which it flows. The self-inductance of the MS is determined by the integration of the vector potential. From the derived relations, the inductance of the MS is determined by computer simulation at different values of the ratio of width and radius of the MS. The reference value to the results for MS is the calculated and shown inductance of the cylindrical surface with a surface current flowing around the circumference of its shell. In conclusion, simple relations are derived that enable quick calculation of the inductances of both the MS and the cylindrical surface from their geometrical parameters. The article is intended for students of mathematical-physical and technical faculties as well as for graduates of these faculties dealing with the issue of (meta) materials.
The 2024 magnonics roadmap
Authors: Flebus Benedetta , Grundler Dirk , Rana Bivas , Otani YoshiChika , Barsukov Igor , Barman Anjan , Gubbiotti Gianluca , Landeros Pedro , Akerman Johan , Ebels Ursula , Pirro Philipp , Demidov Vladislav E , Schultheiss Katrin , Csaba Gyorgy , Wang Qi , Ciubotaru Florin , Nikonov Dmitri E , Che Ping , Hertel Riccardo , Ono Teruo , Afanasiev Dmytro , Mentink Johan , Rasing Theo , Hillebrands Burkard , Kusminskiy Silvia Viola , Zhang Wei , Du Chunhui Rita , Finco Aurore , van der Sar Toeno , Luo Yunqiu Kelly , Shiota Yoichi , Sklenar Joseph , Yu Tao , Rao Jinwei 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Magnonics is a research field that has gained an increasing interest in both the fundamental and applied sciences in recent years. This field aims to explore and functionalize collective spin excitations in magnetically ordered materials for modern information technologies, sensing applications and advanced computational schemes. Spin waves, also known as magnons, carry spin angular momenta that allow for the transmission, storage and processing of information without moving charges. In integrated circuits, magnons enable on-chip data processing at ultrahigh frequencies without the Joule heating, which currently limits clock frequencies in conventional data processors to a few GHz. Recent developments in the field indicate that functional magnonic building blocks for in-memory computation, neural networks and Ising machines are within reach. At the same time, the miniaturization of magnonic circuits advances continuously as the synergy of materials science, electrical engineering and nanotechnology allows for novel on-chip excitation and detection schemes. Such circuits can already enable magnon wavelengths of 50 nm at microwave frequencies in a 5G frequency band. Research into non-charge-based technologies is urgently needed in view of the rapid growth of machine learning and artificial intelligence applications, which consume substantial energy when implemented on conventional data processing units. In its first part, the 2024 Magnonics Roadmap provides an update on the recent developments and achievements in the field of nano-magnonics while defining its future avenues and challenges. In its second part, the Roadmap addresses the rapidly growing research endeavors on hybrid structures and magnonics-enabled quantum engineering. We anticipate that these directions will continue to attract researchers to the field and, in addition to showcasing intriguing science, will enable unprecedented functionalities that enhance the efficiency of alternative information technologies and computational schemes.
Gevrey and Gelfand–Shilov smoothing effect for the spatially inhomogeneous Landau equation with hard potentials
Authors: Li Hao-Guang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In this work, we study the Cauchy problem of the spatially inhomogeneous Landau equation with hard potential in torus. It is showed that the smooth mild solution near Maxwellians to the Cauchy problem enjoys a Gelfand–Shilov regularizing effect in velocity variable and Gevrey smoothness property in space variable.
Stability and bifurcation diagram for a shadow Gierer–Meinhardt system in one spatial dimension
Authors: Kaneko Yuki , Miyamoto Yasuhito , Wakasa Tohru 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We are concerned with a Neumann problem of a shadow system of the Gierer–Meinhardt model in an interval

I
=
(
0
,
1
)

. A stationary problem is studied, and we consider the diffusion coefficient ɛ > 0 as a bifurcation parameter. Then a complete bifurcation diagram of the stationary solutions is obtained, and a stability of every stationary solution is determined. In particular, for each

n
⩾
1

, two branches of n-mode solutions emanate from a trivial branch. All 1-mode solutions are stable for small τ > 0, and all n-mode solutions,

n
⩾
2

, are unstable for all τ > 0, where τ > 0 is a time constant. The system is known for having stationary spiky patterns with large amplitude for small ɛ > 0. Then, asymptotic expansions of maximum and minimum values of a stationary solution as ɛ → 0 are also obtained.
Uniqueness of Denjoy minimal sets for twist maps with zero entropy
*
Authors: Yu Zi-Hao , Shen Bai-Nian , Qin Wen-Xin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
For monotone twist maps with zero topological entropy, we show that the set of recurrent points with irrational rotation number α can be described by a single orientation preserving circle homeomorphism and hence there is either an invariant circle, or a unique Denjoy minimal set, of rotation number α.
Ultra-pure liquid scintillators for JUNO and beyond
Authors: Shao J. , Sun X. ,   the JUNO collaboration
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This article offers an overview of the JUNO experiment, highlighting the specific requirements and challenges associated with the utilization of liquid scintillators. The paper concentrates on the development process of those ultra-pure liquid scintillators, as well as on the construction and commissioning status of the production plant. Preliminary results are presented, along with the future plans for the project. Furthermore, the potential applications of ultra-pure liquid scintillators are discussed.
Optimization of Mother-to-Child Hepatitis B Virus Prevention Program: Integration of Maternal Screening and Infant Post-Vaccination Serologic Testing
Authors: Su Wei-Ju , Chen Huey-Ling , Chen Shu-Fong , Liu Yu-Lun , Wang Ting-Ann , Ho Yee-Chuan , Chang Mei-Hwei 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Evaluation of the impact of a hepatitis B virus (HBV) prevention program that incorporates maternal antiviral prophylaxis on mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) is limited using real-world data.

Methods
We analyzed data on maternal HBV screening, neonatal immunization, and post-vaccination serologic testing (PVST) for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) among at-risk infants born to HBV carrier mothers from the National Immunization Information System during 2008–2022. Through linkage with the National Health Insurance Database, information on maternal antiviral therapy was obtained. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to explore MTCT risk in relation to infant–mother characteristics and prevention strategies.

Results
In total, 2 460 218 deliveries with maternal HBV status were screened. Between 2008 and 2022, the annual HBsAg and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) seropositivity rates among native pregnant women decreased from 12.2% to 2.6% and from 2.7% to 0.4%, respectively (P for both trends &lt; .0001). Among the 22 859 at-risk infants who underwent PVST, the MTCT rates differed between infants born to HBsAg-positive/HBeAg-negative and HBeAg-positive mothers (0.75% and 6.33%, respectively; P &lt; .001). MTCT risk increased with maternal HBeAg positivity (odds ratio [OR], 9.29; 95% confidence interval [CI], 6.79–12.73) and decreased with maternal antiviral prophylaxis (OR, 0.28; 95% CI, .16–.49). For infants with maternal HBeAg positivity, MTCT risk was associated with mothers born in the immunization era (OR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.17–1.67).

Conclusions
MTCT was related to maternal HBeAg positivity and effectively prevented by maternal prophylaxis in the immunized population. At-risk infants born to maternal vaccinated cohorts might possibly pose further risk.
From the National to the Comparative in International Law: Cold War Redux?
Authors: de la Rasilla Ignacio 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Recent years have witnessed greater attention to the ‘national’ dimension in international law and, in its wake, a move towards comparison. The first section of this article examines the early rise of ‘comparative’ approaches to international law with reference to the pioneering work of William E. Butler during the Cold War and contextualizes the coinage of the term ‘invisible college of international law’ at a time of relative ‘détente’ in the 1970s, suggesting, furthermore, that a pattern of repetition and renewal in engagement with constructions and international legal thought in the Cold War period is currently taking place. The second section examines a move to the national in international law and both the promises and perils of comparative international law, including because of the parallel introduction of the new divisive-prone descriptors of ‘authoritarian international law’ and ‘rules-based international system’. It also highlights the cyclical nature of the ‘comparative’ turn to the national in international law now that the war in Ukraine and the strongly divided reactions to Israel’s protracted military campaign in the Gaza Strip are crystallizing a new Cold War-like scenario in an emerging post-Western-centric and multi-polar order. The conclusion recaps the main findings of the article and suggests that comparative international law should be used to enhance, not to undermine, the language of international law as a two-way bridge between peoples and nations in times of turmoil.
Are we ready for an adipocentric approach in people living with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease?
Authors: Moreno-Pérez Oscar , Reyes-García Rebeca , Modrego-Pardo Inés , López-Martínez Marina , Soler María José 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT
We are entering a new era in the management of adiposity-based chronic disease (ABCD) with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and related chronic kidney disease (CKD). ABCD, T2D and CKD can affect almost every major organ system and have a particularly strong impact on the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and heart failure. ABCD and the associated insulin resistance are at the root of many cardiovascular, renal and metabolic (CKM) disorders, thus an integrated therapeutic framework using weight loss (WL) as a disease-modifying intervention could simplify the therapeutic approach at different stages across the lifespan. The breakthrough of highly effective WL drugs makes achieving a WL of &gt;10% possible, which is required for a potential T2D disease remission as well as for prevention of microvascular disease, CKD, CVD events and overall mortality. The aim of this review is to discuss the link between adiposity and CKM conditions as well as placing weight management at the centre of the holistic CKM syndrome approach with a focus on CKD. We propose the clinical translation of the available evidence into a transformative Dysfunctional Adipose Tissue Approach (DATA) for people living with ABCD, T2D and CKD. This model is based on the interplay of four essential elements (i.e. adipocentric approach and target organ protection, dysfunctional adiposity, glucose homeostasis, and lifestyle intervention and de-prescription) together with a multidisciplinary person-centred care. DATA could facilitate decision-making for all clinicians involved in the management of these individuals, and if we do this in a multidisciplinary way, we are prepared to meet the adipocentric challenge.