bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Practice, Myths and Theories for Change: The Reconstruction of an East German Organization
Authors: Nilsson Karin 
Published: March 2007

There have been many attempts to change organizations in East- and Central Europe in recent years. The transition perspective understanding of the situ ation in East and Central Europe has furthered such attempts. Here, it is assumed that the dominance of the transition perspective discourages the use of previous practices as a basis for organizational reconstruction, due to its emphasis on the importance of market economy experience. Instead, myths are likely to dominate. Furthermore, it is argued that there is little incentive in this context for organizations to change their theory for change, unless they were acquired by a Western firm adhering to an opposing theory. Based on the differences over a length of time between constructions of an East German organization, it is suggested that the transition perspective emphasis on the importance of market economy experience may not only dis courage but, eventually, also further the use of previous practices as a basis for the re-construction of an organization, due to the expansion of the group of actors considered as competent constructors. The study also confirms that where a Western firm acquires a company in the East, it may indeed induce a shift in the Eastern company's theory for change.
Leadership Recruitment Patterns in the Japanese House of Representatives: General Elections 1-30, 1890-1963
Authors: Kuroda Yasumasa 
Published: March 2007

Efforts are made in the article to examine the process of leadership recruitment in the Japanese House of Representatives in the first 74 years of the Japanese Diet, that is since its inception in 1890, through the use of canonical analysis. The central question concerns what it takes to be a leader in the Diet, such as a cabinet member, for example. Major findings include: (1) the recruitment process has become more "structured" over the years; (2) gerontocracy continues to prevail in the Diet; (3) the younger a Diet member enters politics, the better the chance he or she has of being recruited into a leadership position; (4) other important variables in the process include party identification, occupation, and travel overseas; and (5) the pattern of changes in the "structure of opportunities" for leadership in the Diet reflects the nature of the political path Japan has followed during the 74-year period. Thus, political leaders cannot be separated from the "transformation of need" in their society.
Traded, Waived, or Gassed: Failure in the Occupational World of Ice Hockey
Authors: Gallmeier Charles P. 
Published: March 2007

Data presented from participant observation among minor league hockey players reveals how workers react to individual and collective failure in their occupational world. Failure on the group level refers to losing hockey games. Failure on the individual level involves not making the team. A player can fail to make the team by being gassed, by being traded, or by being placed on waivers. Each of these ways has a separate meaning with a distinct set of experiences, consequences, and reactions. A continuum of failure in this occupational world is presented by describing the consequences of failed performance and the differing reactions among co-workers to each type of failure. Group reactions to failure in hockey involve the interruption of social relationships based on the ensuing separation from the status position previously held by the failed player. As one moves along this continuum of failure, co- workers view the failed player and react to him as if the failed no longer existed, as socially dead or at least socially very ill. This continuum of failure points out the interrelatedness of group and personal reaction to failure and how one feeds off and reinforces the other.
Working in the Third World: Evangelist or Rip-Off Artist?
Authors: Missingham Andrew 
Published: March 2007

According to the title of this paper, the Westerner has two possible roles: that of the evangelist, like a missionary spreading the good news of Western culture and taking the Third World to a more sophisticated level of creation. The other role casts the Westerner as the rip-off artist, taking the poor third world artist's ancestral lifework, beguiling these wide eyed innocents with the trinkets of music technology and pillaging and raping the virgin beauty of third world art in the process. Although in the course of this paper I will give instances which tend towards one or other of these extremes, the artistic relationship between the West and the third world cannot be viewed in this wonderfully simple polarisation. The world is far more complex than that. This paper is a personal view of the influences that working outside my native environment has had on me. My primary aim is to arm readers with a few questions to ask themselves about the way they work, the assumptions that they take with them and perhaps lead them to explore alternative viewpoints.
A study of the pharmacodynamic interaction between befloxatone and ethanol on performance and mood in healthy volunteers
Authors: Ramaekers J.G. , Muntjewerff N.D. , Uiterwijk M.M.C. , van Veggel L.M.A. , Patat A. , Durrieu G. , O'Hanlon J.F. 
Published: March 2007

The effects of befloxatone (20 mg o.d. for 10 days) alone and in combination with ethanol on psychomotor performance, memory and mood were assessed in a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled study. On treatment days 6, 8 and 10, subjects received 0.5 and 0.8 g/kg ethanol and ethanol placebo in randomly assigned, balanced orders, 2 h post-drug. Critical fusion frequency, choice reaction time, postural instability, critical tracking and mood were measured 1h before ethanol and 1, 3 and 5 h afterwards. Divided attention, sustained attention and memory (immediate and delayed recall) were also measured in single tests, 2.5-5 h post-ethanol. Ethanol's effects were generally significant when blood alcohol concentrations (BAC) after both doses were the highest; i.e. 0.48-0.67 and 0.96-1.10 mg/ml. Those effects were virtually gone after the subjects' mean BACs fell below 0.40 mg/ml. Befloxatone alone had no significant impairing effect in any test. Neither did it significantly interact with ethanol to cause any greater impairment than the latter alone. It was concluded that befloxatone does not potentiate the sedating and impairing effects of ethanol.
STS Perspective: Theology Not Ecology
Authors: Bahro Rudolf 
Published: March 2007

Rudolf Bahro Once a loyal supporter of the East German Communist Party, Rudolf Bahro was arrested in 1977 after the publication of his book, The Alternative in Eastern Europe, in which he called for a Gorbachev-style perestroika a decade too early. Released from prison in 1979 as a result of public- opinion pressure in the West, Bahro emigrated to West Germany where he became a founding theorist of the Green Party. His most recent book is entitled The Logic of Salvation. NPQ Editor Nathan Gardels recently spoke with Bahro in the Eifel Mountain hamlet of Niederstadtfeldt where Bahro now makes his home.
Risk-Benefit Considerations in the Management of Polymyalgia Rheumatica
Authors: Chang Rowland W. , Fineberg Harvey V. 
Published: March 2007

Management of the polymyalgia rheumatica syndrome (PMR) is controversial. Grat ifying symptomatic response usually occurs after treatment with nonsteroidal anti inflammatory drugs or low doses of corticosteroids. However, some PMR patients are at risk of sudden blindness from an associated disease, giant cell arteritis (GCA). Blindness can be prevented by using higher and more toxic doses of corticosteroids. Temporal artery biopsy can be an aid in diagnosis, though it is not a completely sen sitive test for GCA. This study employs decision analysis and derived risk-benefit ratios (equivalent to utility ratios) to evaluate five possible PMR management strategies. The incremental risk-benefit analysis provides a means for weighing intangible trade-offs without a formal utility analysis. Given base case assumptions derived from the literature, empirical treatment with high-dose steroids cannot be justified for PMR patients who have no cranial arteritic symptoms, because the acceptable risk-benefit ratio associated with this strategy is more than 90 cases of severe medication side effects per case of monocular blindness averted. (Med Decis Making 3:459-475, 1983)
Ammonium Pentaborate: an Intumescent Flame Retardant for Thermoplastic Polyurethanes
Authors: Myers Ronald E. , Dickens E. Douglas , Licursi Eugene , Evans Robert E. 
Published: March 2007

Ammonium pentaborate (APB) is shown to be an effective intumescent, char- forming additive for thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU). As little as 5 to 10 parts of APB, added to a flame retarded TPU, provides a 7 to 10-fold improve ment in burn-through resistance. The APB/TPU char is characterized by its glassy, multicellular structure which provides virtually instantaneous thermal protection to heat-sensitive substrates and is able to resist thermo-oxidative degradation. In contrast to its behavior in polyurethanes, APB is found to be somewhat less effective as an intumescent additive for several non-urethane polymers such as natural rubber, polyester resin, polyamide and polyvinyl chloride. A mechanism is proposed to account for the unique nature of the APB/TPU system. It is suggested that, via a series of chemical reactions, APB redirects the thermal decomposition of the polyurethane thereby producing less volatiles and increased char.
The OSU Heat Release Unit as a Screening Tool for California TB 133
Authors: Gallagher James A. , Smiecinski Theodore M. , Grace Oscar M. 
Published: March 2007

The California TB 133 (TB 133) full-scale burn test was adopted by Illinois and Minnesota in 1990 as a performance standard for furniture to be used in places of public occupancy. TB 133 will become effective in California on January 1,1992 and is under consideration in Ohio and several other states. Since full-scale burn tests are expensive, we embarked on a program to deter mine if the OSU Heat Release Unit could be used as a screening test for TB 133. The percentage weight loss of foam/fabric composites after ten minutes in the OSU Unit at a radiant heat flux of 1.0 Watt/cm2 appears to be a good predictor of TB 133 performance. A series of 39 upholstery fabric/melamine-modified polyurethane foam composites were tested in BASF Corporation's Wyandotte, Michigan TB 133 burn facility and in our OSU Heat Release Unit. We found: · 11 of 12 samples which clearly failed the Cal TB 133 test lost over 40% of their weight at a heat flux of 1.0 Watt/cm2 in the OSU test. · 22 of 23 samples which clearly passed the Cal TB 133 test lost less than 40% of their weight at 1.0 Watt/cm2. · Four samples marginally passed the Cal TB 133 test and their weight loss values could not be correlated. The TB 133 criteria adopted in mid 1990 was used for this series of tests rather than the newer criteria using oxygen consumption calorimetry. All of the TB 133 failures in this study were due to weight loss using fabric-covered foam cushions on a metal test frame. No side arms were used. Work is continu ing to determine whether this correlation can be extended to other foam/fabric combinations.
Synergistic Fire Performance Between Metal or Metal Filled Organic Coatings and Engineering Plastics
Authors: Benrashid Ramazan , Nelson Gordon L. 
Published: March 2007

Metal filled organic and EMI coatings affect the fire performance properties of engineering plastics. Zinc arc spray, zinc/epoxy, and zinc borate/epoxy coatings on modified-polyphenylene oxide (m-PPO) are particu larly effective. The results from non-flaming NBS smoke chamber tests show a dramatic reduction in smoke for zinc and zinc borate coatings, whereas a ZnO coating did not show the same effect. Heat release data (Radiant Panel) for these samples show lower Q values for zinc, zinc borate coatings compared to m-PPO, epoxy coated m-PPO and ZnO epoxy coated m-PPO. The Fs values for zinc and zinc borate coatings are low compared to a m-PPO control and ZnO coated m-PPO. Polycarbonate structural foam sheet was coated with epoxy coatings filled with zinc, zinc borate, or ZnO. NBS Smoke Chamber data in the non-flaming mode for zinc or ZnO coatings do not show an improvement in smoke produc tion, but a zinc borate epoxy coating does have a reductive effect on smoke. Ra diant Panel Q was low for all coated samples compared to a control. Fs values also were low for coated samples. From OSU heat release data the zinc borate/epoxy coating shows a low heat release rate and the zinc/epoxy coating a much delayed heat release rate. Data for smoke (2 min) was low for coated samples compared to a control, but for smoke (peak) only zinc borate demon strated the potential for significant smoke reduction.
The biggest story of my life
Authors: Evans Stephen 
Published: March 2007

The events of September 11, 2001, were unique in many respects. The cliché has it that "nothing will ever be the same again" . Possibly. We don't know and it may be a very long time before we do know. Of one thing there is no doubt: the effect on journalism, everywhere, has been deep and in some instances profound. British Journalism Review felt it important enough to devote a section of this issue,first, to a remarkable on-the-spot account by Stephen Evans, the BBC's North America Business Correspondent, and the only British journalist actually inside the World Trade Centre when the first plane hit the first tower. With the approval of The Times, we are re-publishing an account of what it is like to report on the war in and around Afghanistan by that newspaper's outstanding war correspondent Anthony Loyd. And finally we have invited a range ofjournalists, some of whom are members ofour editorial board, to provide their personal recollections of September 11.
The Rich Feast of Theology: Can Pentecostals Bring the Main Course or Only the Relish?
Authors: Cross Terry 
Published: March 2007

AbstractTheology becomes unspiritual when it lets itself be enticed or evicted from the freshly flowing air of the Spirit of the Lord, in which it alone can prosper. The Spirit departs when theology enters rooms whose stag nant air automatically prevents it from being and doing what it can, may, and must be and do.1
Pentecostal Power for a Pentecostal Task: Empowerment Through Engagement in South African Context
Authors: de Kock Wynand 
Published: March 2007

AbstractTo these He also presented Himself alive, after His suffering, by many convincing proofs, appearing to them over a period of forty days, and speaking of the things concerning the kingdom of God. And gathering them together, He commanded them not to leave Jerusalem, but to wait for what the Father had promised, 'Which,' He said, 'you heard from Me; for John baptized with water, but you shall be baptized with the Holy Spirit not many days from now.' And so when they had come together, they were asking Him, saying, 'Lord, is it at this time You are restoring the kingdom to Israel?' He said to them, 'It is not for you to know times or epochs which the Father has fixed by His own authority; but you shall receive power when the Holy Spirit has come upon you; and you shall be My witnesses both in Jerusalem, and in all Judea and Samaria, and even to the remotest part of the earth.'And after He had said these things, He was lifted up while they were looking on, and a cloud received Him out of their sight. And as they were gazing intently into the sky while He was departing, behold, two men in white clothing stood beside them; and they also said, 'Men of Galilee, why do you stand looking into the sky? This Jesus, who has been taken up from you into heaven, will come in just the same way as you have watched Him go into heaven.' Then they returned to Jerusalem from the mount called Olivet, which is near Jerusalem, a Sabbath day's journey away.Acts 1.3-12, NASBAnd when the day of Pentecost had come, they were all together in one place. And suddenly there came from heaven a noise like a violent, rush ing wind, and it filled the whole house where they were sitting. And there appeared to them tongues as of fire distributing themselves, and they rested on each one of them. And they were all filled with the Holy Spirit and began to speak with other tongues, as the Spirit was giving them utterance.Acts 2.1-4, NASB
'Pentecostal Explorations of the New Testament': Teaching New Testament Introduction in a Pentecostal Seminary
Authors: Thomas John 
Published: March 2007

AbstractOriginally prepared for the Society of Biblical Literature's section devoted to the Academic Study of the Bible, this article explores the contours of a distinctively Pentecostal approach to a graduate level course on New Testament Introduction. Written in the form of a narrative, this study seeks to lead the reader through the reasons for rethinking the task of teaching such a course in a Pentecostal context, to propose an approach to the study of the New Testament that utilizes a variety of methodological approaches which resonate with the tradition in various ways, and to offer some evalua tion of this approach based upon the classroom experience.
A Response To Thomas/Alexander, 'and the Signs Are Following' (Mark 16.9-20)
Authors: Wall Robert 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThis response to Thomas and Alexander affirms their effort to argue, from a Pentecostal perspective, for the canonical authority of the longer ending of Mark's Gospel (16.9-20). Notwithstanding the text-critical evidence for accepting this text as a secondary addition to the original Gospel narrative, Wall considers it a significant test case for addressing the tensions between critical exegesis and Scripture's performance within the community of faith as its biblical canon (or 'rule of faith'). He argues for the priority of Scripture's formative role both to establish and subsequently to validate its continuing authority for the whole church. For this and other reasons, Wall concludes that faithful interpreters must approach the longer ending to Mark's Gospel, even though 'non-Markan', as inspired Scripture and formative of Christian faith. Moreover, when considered within the context of the fourfold Gospel witness, this text proffers a distinctive contribution to the ending of its authorized narrative of Jesus' life. Adding a number of observations in support of Thomas and Alexander's study, Wall's essay proceeds to push beyond their proposal to conclude that a 'Pentecostal' interpretation of Scripture extends meaning beyond Pentecostal readers to challenge and enrich the beliefs and practices of the church catholic.
Mass Sport, Personal Contacts and Integration
Authors: Kriukov Y.G. , Matiash V.Y. 
Published: March 2007

The aim of the investigation — to bring to light the influence of mass sport on the development of solidarity of small formal groups, functioning within the production system. In order to solve the research tasks methods applied were: poll questioning, scaling, interviews, sociometry and pedagogical experiment. Shown were the basic socio-psychological factors of influence of mass sport on the process of integration of small formal groups, functioning in the system of pro duction. Ways were established of the influence of sport on the formation of pro duction contacts. The most effective forms of recreation and mass sport were studied from the point of view of their utilization with the aim of enhancing group integra tion of individuals. An analysis has been carried out of the role of contacts in the development of group solidarity of small formal and informal groups, functioning both in the pro duction system and on the basis of common sport activity. On the basis of numerous investigations, the role has been shown of sport activity as a factor of forming socio-cultural relations in the production sphere.
The German and the Swiss Club
Authors: Schlagenhauf Karl , Schiffer Jürg 
Published: March 2007

The paper reports of a comparison of two empirical surveys on the sociology of the sport club conducted in the Federal Republic of Germany and Switzerland. A questionnaire constructed at the University of Karlsruhe was used to interview a random sample of about 3,000 club members and 3,200 functionaries representa tive for the Federal Republic. Together with the "Research Institute of the Swiss School for Physical Education and Sport" this instrument was adapted to suit Swiss conditions and used in a sample of about 420 club members in German-spea king Switzerland. The main question was to ascertain if the most important results from the intensive correlation analysis of the German data (e.g. degree of activity of mem bers. sport motivation, attitude to organization, mechanisms of integration, dis satisfactions, honorary work within the club, correlations between sport activity and social contacts, wishes concerning kinds of sport offered etc.) are transferable to the Swiss situation. After the first global comparison of the two sets of data, with reference to the above-mentionad criteria, however, there appeared to be so many differences between the German and the Swiss sport club members that such a transfer would hardly be possible. Whilst looking for explanations, it became apparent that these differences were the result of the partly topographically caused composition of the samples according to the type of sport club and the kinds of sport which had been taken into account. If one took only those German clubs from the more extensive data into consideration which corresponded in structure most nearly to the Swiss set of data, then almost all the differences between members, which had at first been observed, and could have been interpreted as cultural influences on the populations, disappeared. The structural differences with regard to organization which exist between the two countries do, of course, require further explanation and one could here perhaps take cultural variables into consideration. It becomes clear, however, that there is a great danger that differences between personal data in international studies may all too quickly be explained as being subject to cultural influence if one does not have the possibility of controlling the samples according to organiza tional and structural similarity.
On the Inadequacies of Sociological Definitions of Sport
Authors: Meier Klaus V. 
Published: March 2007

"There are few words in the English language which have such a muliplicity of divergent meanings as the word sport." A detailed scrutiny of the substantial sociology of sport literature indicates that the problem of definition is one of the most basic and extensive, if highly contentious issues are to be found in the field. Despite the importance of the problem, debate continues, inaccurate and contra dictory statements abound, and consensus is largely absent. This paper attempts to overcome limited views to produce an adequate definition of sport, to locate its precise boundaries, and to ferret out its essential core. The research procedure consists of five major components: (1) a preliminary assessment of the requirements and difficulties of the task; (2) a systematic de lineation of the individual factors and characteristics deemed to be essential com ponents of the concept of sport in a rigorous scrutiny of more than fifty research studies which concern themselves, at least in part, with this task; (3) an extended, critical analysis of three major characteristics-the necessity and nature of physical skill or prowess, institutionalization, and the "play-game-sport" continuum; (4) the presentation of work towards an acceptable definition of sport; and (5) a differen tiation of the concept of sport from the concepts of play and game.