bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determination of chemical compositions of rosemary and sweet marjoram essential oils and their blends and their antifungal potential against potato rubbery rot disease agent Geotrichum candidum
Authors: Kara Merve 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this study, the chemical compositions of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis Spenn.) and sweet marjoram (Origanum majorana L.) essential oils, both individually and in various blend ratios, were investigated by using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Their antifungal activities were also determined against the potato rubbery rot disease agent, Geotrichum candidum, under in vitro and in vivo conditions. Camphor (20.69%) and terpinen-4-ol (35.13%) were determined as primary constituents in rosemary and sweet marjoram essential oils, respectively. Sweet marjoram and rosemary essential oils completely inhibited mycelial growth of G. candidum at 55.0 and 65.0 µL/Petri concentrations, respectively. Essential oils at these concentrations were found as fungicidal. Notably, a synergistic fungicidal antifungal effects were also observed in essential oil blends. Blend of sweet marjoram and rosemary essential oil in a 3:1 ratio (O75R25) significantly enhanced antifungal activity at the relatively lower concentration (45.0 µL/Petri). Microscopic observations revealed structural deformations in exposed hyphae, including cytoplasmic coagulation and vacuolization. Essential oil blend (O75R25), sweet marjoram and rosemary essential oils completely inhibited the disease lesion caused by G. candidum on potato tubers at concentrations of 100.0, 125.0, and 150.0 µL/L air, respectively. These findings emphasized that essential oil blends of rosemary and sweet marjoram have synergistic antifungal potential and can be used as effective biofungicides against plant fungal diseases.
Examining (in)justice, environmental activism and indigenous knowledge systems in the Indian film Kantara (Mystical Forest)
Authors: Karmakar Goutam , Pal Payel 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe acquisition of knowledge encompasses various dimensions that should be consolidated to facilitate a comprehensive and holistic advancement of its trajectory. In this context, the article explores the film Kantara: A Legend (Shetty in Kantara: a legend [film], Hombale Films, 2022), a Kannada-language production from India and its significance in highlighting the importance of indigenous knowledge systems, local customs, demigods and the sacredness attributed to the forest. The article explicates the marginalization of these knowledge systems and the community’s vulnerability to epistemic and environmental injustices. Additionally, the article highlights the importance of the sacredness of their land and the community’s engagement in activism. The study concludes by examining how a film such as Kantara serves as a means to disseminate the notion of environmental activism to a wide audience.
An Open-Source R Package for Detection of Adverse Events Under-Reporting in Clinical Trials: Implementation and Validation by the IMPALA (Inter coMPany quALity Analytics) Consortium
Authors: Koneswarakantha Björn , Adyanthaya Ronojit , Emerson Jennifer , Collin Frederik , Keller Annett , Mattheus Michaela , Spyroglou Ioannis , Donevska Sandra , Ménard Timothé ,   On behalf of the IMPALA (Inter coMPany quALity Analytics) Consortium
Published: April 2024

AbstractAccurate and timely reporting of adverse events (AEs) in clinical trials is crucial to ensuring data integrity and patient safety. However, AE under-reporting remains a challenge, often highlighted in Good Clinical Practice (GCP) audits and inspections. Traditional detection methods, such as on-site investigator audits via manual source data verification (SDV), have limitations. Addressing this, the open-source R package {simaerep} was developed to facilitate rapid, comprehensive, and near-real-time detection of AE under-reporting at each clinical trial site. This package leverages patient-level AE and visit data for its analyses. To validate its efficacy, three member companies from the Inter coMPany quALity Analytics (IMPALA) consortium independently assessed the package. Results showed that {simaerep} consistently and effectively identified AE under-reporting across all three companies, particularly when there were significant differences in AE rates between compliant and non-compliant sites. Furthermore, {simaerep}'s detection rates surpassed heuristic methods, and it identified 50% of all detectable sites as early as 25% into the designated study duration. The open-source package can be embedded into audits to enable fast, holistic, and repeatable quality oversight of clinical trials.
Experimental investigation into the properties of crumb rubberized concrete incorporating corrugated round steel fibers
Authors: Ghoniem Amr , Aboul Nour Louay 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis paper presents an experimental study on how crumb rubber particles from waste tires and corrugated round steel fibers affect the mechanical behavior of concrete. In addition to the standard plain mix and five combinations of mixes composed of 0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5% ratios, three steel fiber and crumb rubber mixes, 0.5%, 1.0%, and 2.0% weight of sand, coarse aggregate, cement, and silica fume were evaluated. The percentage of silica fume that replaced the weight of the cement in this study was 8%. The fresh properties of the 12 mixtures in terms of slump and density were studied. After 28 days of curing 36 cubes, 36 cylinders, and 12 prisms, the hardened properties were determined by evaluating the mean compressive, split, and flexural strengths. The results indicate that a synergetic effect is observed for the combination of crumb rubber and corrugated round steel fibers to improve the fresh and hardened properties of concrete. Adding fiber reinforcement to concrete can mitigate the negative impacts of rubber, and vice versa. According to the combination content, increases in compressive strength, tensile strength, and flexural strength of up to 49.04%, 38.60%, and 75.76%, respectively, were achieved compared with the control combination. This validates the applicability of the proposed mathematical prediction formulation to evaluate the compressive strength, split tensile strength, and modulus of rupture of rubberized fibrous concrete in terms of fiber and rubber ratios. Based on these results, a promising solution for tire disposal is to recycle waste rubber for fibrous concrete applications.
Effect of thermal environmental factors on female students during summer and spring season: promoting a sustainable campus initiative
Authors: Alkaabi Khaula , Mehmood Kashif , Hdhaiba Saif Obaid Bin , Aljaberi Sarah , Alkaabi Noora 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The present study was conducted at the female campus of the United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), with a specific emphasis on the outside environment. This study aims to explore the influence of external conditions, including AC (AC), Time of Day (TD) variations, and Landscape Sites (LS) differences, on changes in physiological temperatures. Specifically, the focus is on understanding the dynamics of skin and abaya temperature (AT) when exposed to transient thermal environments, considering factors such as AC, LS, and different TD. By investigating these parameters, the research aims to gain insights into the thermal dynamics experienced by female students at the UAEU campus which can further lead to evaluate the thermal comfort (TC).

Design/methodology/approach
The study involved three college-aged female participants simulating a daily walk to class on a arid tropical university campus. Real-time thermal measures were captured at 10-min intervals using the FLIR Thermal Camera. Statistical analyses, including the Kruskal–Wallis test and Don Bonferroni pairwise comparisons, were employed to assess significant differences in thermal conditions based on AC, TD, and LS. These tests rigorously analyzed the data to identify statistically significant variations in thermal conditions among the specified factors. Additionally, temperature data from the ECMWF ERA5 dataset, covering global climate from January 1940 to the present, was utilized. The GRADS application on a Linux-based system was used for data visualization and map chart creation.

Findings
The study reveals a slight influence of AC on both Abaya temperatures (AT) and Skin temperatures (ST) during the summer, with more pronounced diurnal changes in the afternoon significantly affecting both metrics. Site characteristics minimally impact AT, but they have a noteworthy effect on ST. In the spring season, AT and ST remain unaffected by AC, while temporal fluctuations, particularly in the afternoon, exert a significant influence. LS variations show statistically insignificant impacts on both AT and ST. Additionally, temperature maps for specific 2023 dates provide distinctive trends in the UAE, offering insights into dynamic climatic conditions varying by season and TD.

Originality/value
The study aims to address a knowledge gap by investigating the influence of AC, TD, and LS variations on physiological temperature change, specifically focusing on skin and AT. This investigation is conducted in the context of individuals exposed to thermal environmental factors within a arid tropical university campus setting.

Practical implications
This research contributes to the existing knowledge by providing specific data on thermal conditions within the campus, enabling informed decision-making for creating a more comfortable and conducive environment for the students, thereby contributing to the goal of a sustainable campus.
India’s ancient philosophy on holistic education and its relevance for target 4.7 of the United Nations sustainable development goals
Authors: Babbar Shilpa Khatri , Johannsdottir Lara 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe paper's objective is to study one of the world´s early living civilizations, i.e., India, focusing primarily on its rich ancient philosophy with specific reference to holistic education to understand how it may act as a prototype for target 4.7 of the Sustainable Development Goals. The study uses Interpretive sociology to understand the meanings contextually from the insider's perspective. Extensive and intensive usage of symbolism in Indian philosophy is studied through social constructionism and phenomenology. India’s ancient philosophy on holistic education has a relevance to modern approaches to address sustainability issues such as by addressing specific aspects of the SDGs, or the SDGs holistically, given the goals interconnects, and potential synergies and trade-offs, thereby serving as a prototype for target 4.7 of SDG 4. The findings also revel a lack of connection to higher power of spirituality. The originality of the study is the effort enabling comparative analysis across contexts, by placing the SDGs in the context of India’s ancient philosophy on holistic education, befitting the expectations of SDGs, specifically target 4.7. Authors are aware of the tendency of the “book view” (Indological Approach) to homogenize but this is in tune with the papers objective as the intention is to draw an ideal–typical proto-type of holistic education.
Adoption of renewable energy to phase down fossil fuel energy consumption and mitigate territorial emissions: evidence from BRICS group countries using panel FGLS and panel GEE models
Authors: Dalei Narendra N. , Gupta Anshuman 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe recognition of climate change as real and unprecedented has been acknowledged by global communities. Furthermore, fossil fuel energy consumption and territorial emissions are identified as major drivers of climate change. Data collected from the World Bank for BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) group of countries for the period from 1990 to 2018, and analyzed using Panel FGLS and Panel GEE models, revealed an inverted U-shaped relationship between GDP per capita and its square with fossil fuel energy consumption in BRICS countries. However, this relationship was not observed with territorial emissions. It is indicated that the BRICS group of countries is making efforts to reduce fossil fuel energy consumption, but investment in green technology is insufficient to reduce territorial emissions. Therefore, it is recommended that climate policies need to be more aggressively implemented to support investment in clean and green energy technology.
Exploring the relationship between university students’ programme of study and orientation to environmental sustainability: the case of Al Baha University
Authors: Alsharif Mohammad A. , Ofori-Darko Jacob 
Published: April 2024

AbstractUniversities are urged to promote environmental sustainability on campus and in nearby communities due to the growing desire for a sustainable society and their unique role as change agents. This research study explores the relationship between university students' programme of study and their orientation to environmental sustainability et al. Baha University in Saudi Arabia. Specifically, the study sought to determine whether specific academic disciplines shape undergraduate students' attitudes and engagement with sustainable practices, and if variations exist across disciplines at the university. The study used a Sustainability Assessment Questionnaire (SAQ) to gather data on the association between students’ fields of study and orientation to environmental sustainability from a sample of 943 students at Al Baha University in Saudi Arabia who were randomly chosen from various programmes and levels of study. The data was collected face-to-face and electronically in 2021 and analysed using the Pearson Chi-Square (Χ2) test for independence at a 5% level of probability through IBM SPSS Statistics Version 21.0 software. The findings revealed a significant association between the university student’s programme of study and their orientation to environmental sustainability. Students from environmentally-focused disciplines exhibited higher levels of environmental sustainability orientation compared to others. The implications of these findings suggest the need for tailored sustainability initiatives and curriculum interventions across academic disciplines to foster a culture of sustainability within universities. By integrating sustainability-focused courses, and facilitating faculty development, educational institutions can inspire and empower students across all fields of study to actively contribute to environmental sustainability.
Applications of Finite Non-Abelian Simple Groups to Cryptography in the Quantum Era
Authors: Vasco María Isabel González , Kahrobaei Delaram , McKemmie Eilidh 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe theory of finite simple groups is a (rather unexplored) area likely to provide interesting computational problems and modeling tools useful in a cryptographic context. In this note, we review some applications of finite non-abelian simple groups to cryptography and discuss different scenarios in which this theory is clearly central, providing the relevant definitions to make the material accessible to both cryptographers and group theorists, in the hope of stimulating further interaction between these two (non-disjoint) communities. In particular, we look at constructions based on various group-theoretic factorization problems, review group theoretical hash functions, and discuss fully homomorphic encryption using simple groups. The Hidden Subgroup Problem is also briefly discussed in this context.
Anesthesia for lung transplantation in children under 12 years of age: a single center experience of China
Authors: Yuan Shengjie , Zhou Yan , Chen Jingyu , Zhang Xin , Wang Guilong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of anesthesia management strategies employed in pediatric lung transplantation.

Methods
A retrospective analysis was conducted on data from 14 pediatric patients who underwent lung transplantation at the Wuxi Center between September 2019 and November 2022. Patient demographics, surgical particulars, airway management, utilization of extracorporeal support, fluid administration, blood gas and electrolyte profiles, and postoperative outcomes were systematically documented and subsequently summarized.

Results
Of the 14 patients, 7 received extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and 1 received cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). The average operation time was 303 ± 53 min, with the median extubation time of 26 h. The entirety of pediatric lung transplant procedures was executed successfully, resulting in the discharge of thirteen patients postoperatively. Regrettably, one patient died due to infectious shock on the fourth postoperative day.

Conclusion
The achievement of successful pediatric lung transplantation necessitates effective perioperative anesthesia management, with a focal emphasis on circulatory control. Real-time measurements serve as the cornerstone for decision-making. Proactive administration of vasoactive agents is integral to sustaining hemodynamic stability. The judicious assessment of ECMO necessity is paramount, favoring central ECMO during the surgical intervention.
Homologous seminal plasma efficiently activates epididymal tail sperm compared to traditional tris buffer and sperm-TALP in sheep
Authors: Singh Pawan Preet , Dar Rameez Ali , Lone Farooz Ahmad , Bhat Ghulam Rasool , Abdullah Muzamil 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe hypothesized that ram epididymal tail sperm may be efficiently activated in homologous seminal plasma compared to tris and sperm-TALP. Eighty ejaculates were collectedfrom five healthy fertile rams by artificial vagina. Ejaculates with ≥ 3 mass motility and ≥ 70% initial motility score were considered and pooled. The seminal plasma was harvested by two-phase centrifugation (A-3000 g, 4 °C, 20 min; B-3600 g, 4 °C, 30 min). Sperm were collected by dissecting epididymal tail into 3 equal parts which were placed in three small (35 mm) petri dishes for activation in homologous seminal plasma (SP), sperm-TALP (TP) and tris buffer (TR). Sperm quality was assessed at 0, 24, 48 and 72 h of cold storage on the basis of motility, viability, HOST and acrosomal integrity. In addition to subjective assessment of motility, acrosomal integrity and viability were evaluated using molecular florescent probe combinations-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) conjugated to peanut agglutinin (PNA) plus propidium iodide (PI) and carboxyflorescene diacetate (CFDA) plus propidium iodide, respectively. Motility, CFDA positive sperm (Viable) and HOST reacted sperm percentage were significantly higher (p < 0.05) for SP compared to both TP and TR at 48 and 72 h of cold storage. FITC-PNA negative sperm (Intact acrosomes) percentage did also differ significantly (p < 0.05) between SP, TP and TR at various hours of cold storage. In conclusion, homologous seminal plasma efficiently activated and preserved epididymal tail sperm compared to tris buffer and sperm-TALP. This study provides an opportunityto further explore the role of homologous seminal plasma in cryoprotection and fertilizing capacity of epididymal tail sperm.
A Folsom Foreshaft from the Blackwater Draw Site
Authors: Sellet Frederic , Garnett Justin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis article describes a bison rib bone foreshaft from the Blackwater Draw site, New Mexico. The object was recovered by James Hester in 1963, during the excavation of locality 4, and it was subsequently cataloged as a modified bone tool but not recognized as a hafting element. It is currently held in the Blackwater Draw Museum collections. This analysis provides a detailed description of the artifact's features and establishes its provenience from a Folsom context. A survey of known Paleoindigenous hafting implements and a discussion of theoretical Folsom foreshaft designs serve to reinforce the classification of the tool as a component of the Folsom weapon delivery system. The tool was likely broken during use and later recycled as a pressure flaker or as a polishing instrument. With the help of 3D imagery, a reconstructed model was printed and fitted with large and small Folsom points to test ideas borrowed from the theoretical literature on Folsom foreshaft design.
Fiber Artifacts from the Paisley Caves: 14,000 Years of Plant Selection in the Northern Great Basin
Authors: Kallenbach Elizabeth 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPaleoethnobotanical remains from basketry and cordage from the Paisley Caves offer an opportunity to explore how people engaged with plant communities over time. Fiber identification of textiles, together with radiocarbon dating, contributes new information about landscape use within the Summer Lake Basin. Expanded marshlands during the terminal Pleistocene / Early Holocene created suitable plant communities ideal for fiber technology, specifically wetland monocots and herbaceous dicots—including dogbane and stinging nettle—by 11,000 years ago. This technology is key to subsistence activities and craft production throughout the Holocene. Despite climatic events during the Middle Holocene, in which people transitioned from caves to sites centered on lakeshores and wetlands, the suite of fiber plants and their technological application remains constant. During the Late Holocene, bast fiber material diversified with the addition of flax and milkweed. The presence of flax in particular, a high-elevation plant, may reflect the increased use of upland root collection areas as populations increased. This research provides long-term data on culturally significant native plants used in the manufacture of fiber-based textiles over the last 14,000 years.
The Need for Transparency in Medicaid Managed Care: Section 1115 Waiver Requirements as a Blueprint
Authors: Doherty Nicole 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMedicaid plays a significant role in the health care space, providing insurance coverage to nearly one quarter of the U.S. population. In recent years, managed care organizations have taken on an increasingly prominent role in the Medicaid space, and in many instances have become the sole insurance option for Medicaid recipients. The scale and method of implementation for managed care programs has varied widely from state to state. This Note discusses the many methods by which a state can enact managed care within its Medicaid program, and summarizes the challenges with assessing the success of such programs. It proposes a uniform approach to managed care reporting requirements designed to increase transparency and accountability across state lines, and in turn ensure quality care for Medicaid managed care beneficiaries.
Who Is a Health Care Provider?: Statutory Interpretation as a Middle-Ground Approach to Medical Malpractice Damage Caps
Authors: Margolis Isaac 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDebates over the effectiveness, constitutionality, and fairness of medical malpractice damage caps are as old as the laws themselves. Though some courts have struck down damage caps under state constitutional provisions, the vast majority hesitate to invalidate malpractice reform legislation. Instead, statutory interpretation offers a non-constitutional method of challenging the broad scope of damage caps without fully invalidating legislative efforts to curtail “excessive” malpractice liability. This Note examines the term “health care providers” in construing malpractice reform laws and identifies two predominant forms of statutory interpretation that state courts apply. In doing so, this Note offers recommendations for courts and legislatures to best balance the goals of the malpractice reform movement with patients’ interests in recovery for medical injuries.