bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The candidates of long-periodic variable sources in 6.7 GHz methanol masers associated with four high-mass star-forming regions
Authors: Tanabe Yoshihiro , Yonekura Yoshinori 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Results of the long-term monitoring observations by the Hitachi 32 m radio telescope of the 6.7 GHz Class II methanol masers associated with four high-mass star-forming regions are presented. We detected periodic flux variability in G06.795−0.257, G10.472+0.027, G12.209−0.102, and G13.657−0.599 with the periods of 968, 1624, 1272, and 1266 d, respectively, although the detected period is tentative due to the short monitoring term relative to the estimated period. The facts that the flux variation patterns show the symmetric sine curves and that the luminosities of the central protostar and periods of maser flux variation are consistent with the expected period–luminosity (PL) relation suggest that the mechanisms of maser flux variability of G10.472+0.027 and G12.209−0.102 can be explained by protostellar pulsation instability. From the PL relation, the central stars of these two sources are expected to be very high-mass protostars with a mass of $\sim 40\, M_{\odot }$ and to have a mass accretion rate of $\sim 2 \times 10^{-2}\, M_{\odot }\:$yr−1. On the other hand, G06.795−0.257 and G13.657−0.599 have intermittent variation patterns and have luminosities that are an order of magnitude smaller than those expected from the PL relation, suggesting that the variation mechanisms of these sources originated from a binary system. Since almost all the maser features vary with the same period regardless of the geometry, periodic accretion models may be appropriate mechanisms for flux variability in G06.795−0.257 and G13.657−0.599.
Spatio-Temporal Study of Galactolipid Biosynthesis in Duckweed Using Mass Spectrometry Imaging and in vivo Isotope Labeling
Authors: Tat Vy T , Lee Young Jin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Isotope labeling coupled with mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) presents a potent strategy for elucidating the dynamics of metabolism at cellular resolution, yet its application to plant systems is scarce. It has the potential to reveal the spatio-temporal dynamics of lipid biosynthesis during plant development. In this study, we explore its application to galactolipid biosynthesis of an aquatic plant, Lemna minor, with D2O labeling. Specifically, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-MSI data of two major galactolipids in L. minor, monogalactosyldiacylglycerol and digalactosyldiacylglycerol, were studied after growing in 50% D2O media over a 15-day time period. When they were partially labeled after 5 d, three distinct binomial isotopologue distributions were observed corresponding to the labeling of partial structural moieties: galactose only, galactose and a fatty acyl chain and the entire molecule. The temporal change in the relative abundance of these distributions follows the expected linear pathway of galactolipid biosynthesis. Notably, their mass spectrometry images revealed the localization of each isotopologue group to the old parent frond, the intermediate tissues and the newly grown daughter fronds. Besides, two additional labeling experiments, (i) 13CO2 labeling and (ii) backward labeling of completely 50% D2O-labeled L. minor in H2O media, confirm the observations in forward labeling. Furthermore, these experiments unveiled hidden isotopologue distributions indicative of membrane lipid restructuring. This study suggests the potential of isotope labeling using MSI to provide spatio-temporal details in lipid biosynthesis in plant development.
A longitudinal investigation of risk perceptions and adaptation behavior in the US Gulf Coast
Authors: Wong-Parodi Gabrielle , Relihan Daniel P , Garfin Dana Rose 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Climate change is occurring more rapidly than expected, requiring that people quickly and continually adapt to reduce human suffering. The reality is that climate change-related threats are unpredictable; thus, adaptive behavior must be continually performed even when threat saliency decreases (e.g. time has passed since climate-hazard exposure). Climate change-related threats are also intensifying; thus, new or more adaptive behaviors must be performed over time. Given the need to sustain climate change-related adaptation even when threat saliency decreases, it becomes essential to better understand how the relationship between risk perceptions and adaptation co-evolve over time. In this study, we present results from a probability-based representative sample of 2,774 Texas and Florida residents prospectively surveyed 5 times (2017–2022) in the presence and absence of exposure to tropical cyclones, a climate change-related threat. Distinct trajectories of personal risk perceptions emerged, with higher and more variable risk perceptions among the less educated and those living in Florida. Importantly, as tropical cyclone adaptation behaviors increased, personal risk perceptions decreased over time, particularly in the absence of storms, while future tropical cyclone risk perceptions remained constant. In sum, adapting occurs in response to current risk but may inhibit future action despite increasing future tropical cyclone risks. Our results suggest that programs and policies encouraging proactive adaptation investment may be warranted.
‘Domestic abuse hot spots’: A longitudinal, place-based analysis of 13 years of initial reports to the police
Authors: Kumar Sumit , Ariel Barak , Hodgkinson William , Brown Rachel , Harinam Vincent , Weinborn Cristóbal , Hernández Maria Consuelo , Rojas Leonora , Figueroa Soto Oscar , Plaza Loreto , Linton Ben 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
A rich body of literature suggests that crime is concentrated in hotspots, some consistently ‘hot’ over long periods. However, whether there are spatial and temporal concentrations of domestic abuse (DA) is presently unknown. While it is plausible that DA data follow similar Pareto curves as general crime, it is equally reasonable to assume stochasticity, especially regarding year-to-year consistency. We conducted a retrospective longitudinal analysis of 1.7 million DA initial reports to the police (as opposed to ‘crime incidents’) over 13 years (2007–19) in London, UK. We also examine crime harm patterns, which provide a more nuanced risk estimate for victims based on a crime harm index. We utilize a combination of spatial statistics and trajectory modelling approaches. We find that a small percentage of addresses are responsible for an outsized proportion of DA counts but half the bandwidth for crime harm generated. Year-to-year repeat victimization at specific addresses is 69.9%, and the mean probability of receiving another DA report from the same address in the following month is 41%. For both crime count and harm models, locations with either low or high DA reportage remained as such throughout the study. Changes in less than 1% of locations will drive DA trends in London. We conclude that concentrating on place-based emergency-calls-for-service data rather than crime reports unmasks a substantially greater likelihood of repeat DA victimization than previously assumed. The discovery of a spatiotemporal DA hotspot allows law enforcement to ‘zero in’ prevention efforts on a small number of premises relative to the overall scale of the capital. Future DA research should place greater weight on micro-place factors associated with DA to calibrate prevention efforts’ accuracy and efficiency.
Sexual experiences and information needs among patients with prostate cancer: a qualitative study
Authors: Haining Zhou , Xiaoli Zhang , Jiping Zhu , Beibei Zhang , Ping Meng , Yunfei Guo 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Less is known about the sexual life and information seeking of Chinese patients with prostate cancer (PCa) after androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) treatment.

Aim
To identify the experiences of sex and information needs among Chinese patients with PCa after ADT treatment.

Methods
This qualitative study included 15 Chinese patients with PCa in urology inpatient wards, selected via a purposive sampling method. Semistructured interviews were conducted face-to-face or by telephone regarding sexual experiences and information needs after ADT treatment.

Outcomes
Themes and subthemes were assessed among patients with PCa.

Results
Two themes and 5 subthemes emerged from the interview data. The first theme was “altered sexual life and attitude” with 3 subthemes: (1) undesirable sexual function and altered sexuality, (2) sexual attitudes and sociocultural cognition, and (3) behavior adjustment and intimacy. The second theme was “scarce information sources” with 2 subthemes: (1) uncertainty and lack of information support and (2) barriers to access sexual information.

Clinical Implications
The present findings suggest that the following may help patients with PCa manage treatment and develop appropriate sexual attitudes: a tailored sexual health education program, well-equipped consultations rooms, and information delivery innovations.

Strengths and Limitations
Strengths of this study included adding unique evidence among patients with PCa within an Asian context to reveal the understudied topic of sexual health and information needs after ADT treatment. This study was limited in being representative of all Chinese patients with PCa, with different marital statuses, treatment therapies, sexual orientations, and barriers of information seeking.

Conclusion
Sexual life and attitude among patients with PCa were affected by their sociocultural cognition and ADT treatment, and most patients received insufficient information and sexual health education from health care providers.
Effects of poor maternal diet during gestation are detected in F2 offspring
Authors: Tillquist N M , Reed S A , Reiter A S , Kawaida M Y , Lee E C , Zinn S A , Govoni K E 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Poor maternal nutrition of F0 ewes impairs F1 offspring growth, with minimal differences in glucose tolerance or select metabolic circulating factors, and independent of differences in residual feed intake (RFI). To determine if poor maternal nutrition in F0 ewes alters F2 offspring growth, circulating leptin, feed efficiency, or glucose tolerance, F0 ewes (n = 46) pregnant with twins were fed 100% (control), 60% (restricted), or 140% (over) of National Research Council requirements from days 30 ± 0.02 of gestation until parturition. At 16 to 19 mo of age, female F1 (n = 36) offspring were bred to generate F2 offspring [CON-F2 (n = 12 ewes; 6 rams), RES-F2 (n = 7 ewes; 13 rams), or OVER-F2 (n = 13 ewes; 9 rams) corresponding to diets of the granddam (F0)]. Lamb body weights (BW) and blood samples were collected weekly from days 0 to 28 and every 14 d until day 252 of age. Circulating leptin was measured in serum at days 0, 7, 14, 56, 210, and 252. An intravenous glucose tolerance test was performed at days 133 ± 0.28. At days 167 ± 0.33, individual daily intake was recorded over a 77-d feeding period to determine RFI. Rams were euthanized at days 285 ± 0.93, and body morphometrics, loin eye area (LEA), back fat thickness, and organ weights were collected and bone mineral density (BMD) and length were determined in the right hind leg. During gestation, OVER-F1 ewes tended to be 8.6% smaller than CON-F1 ewes (P ≤ 0.06). F2 offspring were of similar BW from birth to day 70 (P ≥ 0.20). However, from days 84 to 252, RES-F2 offspring tended to be 7.3% smaller than CON-F2 (P ≤ 0.10). Granddam diet did not influence F2 ram body morphometrics, organ or muscle weights, LEA, adipose deposition, or leg BMD (P ≥ 0.84). RES-F2 (−0.20) and CON-F2 (−0.45) rams tended to be more feed efficient than CON-F2 ewes (0.31; P ≤ 0.08). No effects of granddam diet were observed on glucose or insulin average or baseline concentrations, area under the curve, first-phase response, or ratio (P ≥ 0.52). However, CON-F2 rams (297 mg/dL ± 16.5) had a greater glucose peak compared with RES-F2 rams (239 mg/dL ± 11.2; P = 0.05). Peak insulin concentrations were not influenced by granddam diet (P = 0.75). At d 56, RES-F2 and OVER-F2 offspring had 53.5% and 61.8% less leptin compared with CON-F2 offspring, respectively (P ≤ 0.02). These data indicate that poor maternal nutrition impacts offspring growth into the second generation with minimal impacts on offspring RFI, glucose tolerance, and circulating leptin.
Thirty-Year Experience Treating Syndromic Craniosynostosis: Long-Term Outcomes following Cranial Expansions
Authors: Fearon Jeffrey A. , Ditthakasem Kanlaya , Harrison Lucas , Herbert Morley 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Children with syndromic craniosynostosis require multiple cranial expansion procedures. The purpose of this study was to determine how many expansions are typically performed through maturity, to assess complication rates, and to identify trends that might reduce the burden of care.

Methods:
A retrospective chart review was conducted of all consecutive patients undergoing cranial vault enlargement procedures for syndromic craniosynostosis performed by a single surgeon.

Results:
Of 444 patients treated with Apert or Crouzon/Pfeiffer syndromes, 348 had complete long-term records. The mean age at last follow-up was 16.9 years. Initial cranial expansions were performed at a significantly younger age for those beginning care at outside centers: 7.7 months versus 25.7 months in Dallas; 26.4% had ventriculoperitoneal shunts (syndrome-specific incidences: Apert syndrome, 16%; Crouzon syndrome, 27%; and Pfeiffer syndrome, 54%). Of 498 procedures, 80% were anterior, 18% were posterior, and 2% were midvaults. The overall complication rate was 2%, with no differences found between anterior and posterior procedures. Those treated solely in Dallas underwent a mean of 1.9 expansions. Children with Pfeiffer syndrome underwent more expansions (2.7) than those with Apert or Crouzon syndrome. Factors correlating with more expansions included earlier surgical interventions, use of distraction, ventriculoperitoneal shunts, and treatment begun at outside centers (3.1 procedures).

Conclusions:
Children with syndromic craniosynostosis treated at a single center underwent an average of 2 skull expansion procedures with a 2% complication rate. Calvarial distraction, ventriculoperitoneal shunts, and earlier surgical interventions were all associated with higher numbers of expansion procedures. Further research is needed to determine whether these correlations are causal.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Therapeutic, IV.
Stepwise Stiffening/Softening of and Cell Recovery from Reversibly Formulated Hydrogel Double Networks
Authors: Kopyeva Irina , Goldner Ethan C. , Hoye Jack W. , Yang Shiyu , Regier Mary C. , Vera Kaitlyn R. , Bretherton Ross C. , DeForest Cole A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBiomechanical contributions of the ECM underpin cell growth and proliferation, differentiation, signal transduction, and other fate decisions. As such, biomaterials whose mechanics can be spatiotemporally altered – particularly in a reversible manner – are extremely valuable for studying these mechanobiological phenomena. Herein, we introduce a poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-based hydrogel model consisting of two interpenetrating step-growth networks that are independently formed via largely orthogonal bioorthogonal chemistries and sequentially degraded with distinct bacterial transpeptidases, affording reversibly tunable stiffness ranges that span healthy and diseased soft tissues (e.g., 500 Pa – 6 kPa) alongside terminal cell recovery for pooled and/or single-cell analysis in a near “biologically invisible” manner. Spatiotemporal control of gelation within the primary supporting network was achieved via mask-based and two-photon lithography; these stiffened patterned regions could be subsequently returned to the original soft state following sortase-based secondary network degradation. Using this approach, we investigated the effects of 4D-triggered network mechanical changes on human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) morphology and Hippo signaling, as well as Caco-2 colorectal cancer cell mechanomemory at the global transcriptome level via RNAseq. We expect this platform to be of broad utility for studying and directing mechanobiological phenomena, patterned cell fate, as well as disease resolution in softer matrices.TOC DescriptionBiomaterials that can dynamically change stiffnesses are essential in further understanding the role of extracellular matrix mechanics. Using independently formulated and subsequently degradable interpenetrating hydrogel networks, we reversibly and spatiotemporally trigger stiffening/softening of cell-laden matrices. Terminal cell recovery for pooled and/or single-cell analysis is permitted in a near “biologically invisible” manner.
Integrative Systems Immunology Analysis Reveals Elevated Anti-AGTR1 Levels with Accumulating COVID-19 Symptoms
Authors: Fonseca Dennyson Leandro M , Jäpel Maj , Filgueiras Igor Salerno , Baiochi Gabriela Crispim , Ostrinski Yuri , Halpert Gilad , Lavi Yael Bublil , Vojdani Elroy , Santos e Silva Juan Carlo , Usuda Júlia Nakanishi , Freire Paula P. , Nóbile Adriel Leal , Adri Anny Silva , Marçal Pedro Barcelos , Corrêa Yohan Lucas Gonçalves , Nery do Vale Fernando Yuri , Lopes Letícia Oliveira , Schmidt Solveig Lea , Wang Xiaoqing , Vahldieck Carl , Fels Benedikt , Schimke Lena F. , Hirata Mario Hiroyuki , Miranda Gustavo Cabral- , AKhan Taj Ali , Catar Rusan , Moll Guido , Silva-Sousa Thayna , Yu Yen-Rei A , Dalmolin Rodrigo JS , Amital Howard , Vojdani Aristo , Nakaya Helder , Ochs Hans D. , Silverberg Jonathan I. , Zimmerman Jason , Zyskind Israel , Rosenberg Avi Z , Schulze-Forster Kai , Heidecke Harald , Hackel Alexander , Kusche-Vihrog Kristina , Shoenfeld Yehuda , Riemekasten Gabriela , Akbarzadeh Reza , Marques Alexandre H.C , Cabral-Marques Otavio 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACTThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) displays a broad spectrum of symptoms, with the underlying reasons for this variability still not fully elucidated. Our study investigates the potential association between specific autoantibodies (AABs), notably those that targeting G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and renin-angiotensin system (RAS) related molecules, and the diverse clinical manifestations of COVID-19, commonly observed in patients with autoimmune conditions, including rheumatic diseases, such as systemic sclerosis. In a cross-sectional analysis, we explored the relationship between AAB levels and the presence of key COVID-19 symptoms. Hierarchical clustering analysis revealed a robust correlation between certain AABs and symptoms such as fever, muscle ache, anosmia, and dysgeusia, which emerged as significant predictors of disease severity. Specifically, AABs against CHRM5 and CXCR3 were strongly linked to fever, while AABs against CHRM5 and BDKRB1 correlated with muscle ache. Anosmia was predominantly associated with AABs against F2R and AGTR1, while dysgeusia was linked to AABs against BDKRB1 and AGTR1. Furthermore, we observed a rise in AAB levels with the accumulation of these symptoms, with the highest levels detected in patients presenting all four predictors. Multinomial regression analysis identified AABs targeting AGTR1 as a key predictor for one or more of these core symptoms. Additionally, our study indicated that anti-AGTR1 antibodies triggered a concentration-dependent degradation of eGC, which could be mitigated by the AGTR1 antagonist Losartan. This suggests a potential mechanistic connection between eGC degradation, the observed COVID-19 symptoms, and rheumatic diseases. In conclusion, our research underscores a substantial correlation between AABs, particularly those against GPCRs and RAS-related molecules, and the severity of COVID-19 symptoms. These findings open avenues for potential therapeutic interventions in the management of COVID-19.
Adoption of AI-Powered Chatbots with Large Language Models by Pathologists
Authors: Bychkov Andrey , Laohawetwanit Thiyaphat , Pinto Daniel Gomes 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimsThe study aimed to investigate the adoption and perception of artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots, particularly those powered by large language models (LLMs), among pathologists worldwide. It explored the extent of their engagement with these technologies, identifying potential impacts on their professional practices.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted, gathering data from pathologists on their usage and views concerning AI chatbots powered by LLMs. The survey, distributed globally via various digital platforms, included both quantitative and qualitative questions. Statistical analyses were performed to delineate patterns in the adoption and perspectives on these AI tools among the respondents.ResultsOf 215 respondents, 100 (46.5%) reported using LLMs, particularly ChatGPT, for professional purposes, predominantly for information retrieval, proofreading, and academic writing, highlighting a significant time-saving benefit. The adoption varied across demographics, with younger, male pathologists showing higher usage rates. While the technology was mainly utilized for drafting academic materials and programming tasks, users expressed concerns about information accuracy, privacy, and the need for regulatory approval. Despite recognizing occasional inaccuracies, respondents saw potential in advanced AI features, particularly in image analysis and speech-to-text functions.ConclusionsThe survey underscored pathologists’ cautious yet growing interest in leveraging LLMs to enhance information accessibility, efficiency, and medical education. While the potential benefits are recognized, significant apprehensions about the reliability, ethics, and security associated with these AI tools underscore the need for comprehensive regulation and standardized practices to ensure their responsible use in the medical field.
Deep Archetypal Analysis for interpretable multi-omic data integration based on biological principles
Authors: Milite Salvatore , Caravagna Giulio , Sottoriva Andrea 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHigh-throughput multi-omic molecular profiling allows probing biological systems at unprecedented resolution. However, the integration and interpretation of high-dimensional, sparse, and noisy multimodal datasets remains challenging. Deriving new biology using current methods is particularly difficult because they are not based on biological principles, but instead focus exclusively on a dimensionality reduction task. Here we introduce MIDAA (Multiomic Integration with Deep Archetypal Analysis), a framework that combines archetypal analysis, an approach grounded in biological principles, with deep learning. Using the concept of archetypes that are based on evolutionary trade-offs and Pareto optimality – MIDAA finds extreme data points that define the geometry of the latent space, preserving the complexity of biological interactions while retaining an interpretable output. We demonstrate that indeed these extreme points represent cellular programmes reflecting the underlying biology. We show on real and simulated multi-omics data how MIDAA outperforms state-of-the-art methods in identifying parsimonious, interpretable, and biologically relevant patterns.