bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SKIN REACTIONS DUE TO THE USE OF PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT ON HEALTHCARE WORKERS IN COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Mariyati Ratna Noor , Toruan Vera Madonna Lumban , Hutahaean Yetty , Sihotang Fransiska , Kartini Agnes 
Published: March 2024

Since coronavirus disease (Covid-19) cases discovered and became a global problem around the world, healthcare workers (HCWs) are the most frequently confronted with covid patient. The number of cases in Indonesia is quite high, including in Samarinda. Because this virus is very easily transmitted, the use of appropriate Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) on all healthcare workers when carrying out their duties is a must. This applies not only to healthcare workers on duty at covid treatment centers, but also to all health agencies. Face masks, faceshields, medical gloves, coveralls are the types of PPE which used for a long enough duration, can cause unwanted reactions on the wearer's skin. If this reaction is very disturbing and ongoing, it can affect the compliance or influnce their quality of life.
The purpose of this study is to determine the diversity of skin disorders that occur to healthcare workers related to the use of PPE, the types of PPE that can cause skin disorders, the relationship between the duration of PPE used and the incidence of skin disorders. The results of this study can later be used as a basis for recommendations of preventive measures for skin reactions. This research is an analytical descriptive study, taking data onto cross section using a questionnaire. The respondents of the study were healthcare workers that served for health institutions in the Samarinda region.
Changes in indicators of local and systemic inflammation in patients with uncomplicated diverticular disease in combination with obesity
Authors: Mishchuk V. H. , Miziuk T. M. , Shalamai U. P. , Mishchuk V. V. 
Published: March 2024

Objective — to investigate the clinical features and expression of markers reflecting changes in local (fecal calprotectin levels) and systemic inflammation (C‑reactive protein and tumor necrosis factor‑alpha (TNF‑α) in blood serum) in patients with uncomplicated diverticular disease of the colon (DDC) in the context of obesity and normal body weight.
Materials and methods. A total of 87 patients with uncomplicated diverticular disease of the colon were examined, of whom 39 (44.8%) had obesity (average body mass index — 33.9±0.4 kg/m2). The uncomplicated DDC diagnosis was established based on a detailed assessment of clinical symptoms, irrigoscopy or colonoscopy, and computed tomography. In addition to clinical blood analysis, all patients underwent investigation of calprotectin levels in feces, C‑reactive protein, and TNF‑α in blood serum using immunoenzymatic methods.
Results. Diverticular disease of the large intestine in the context of obesity manifests at a younger age (44—60 years) in comparison with DDC against the background of normal weight and is significantly more prevalent in the lumbar colon. It presents with varying sizes, twice as many relapses, and markedly higher rates of local inflammation (fecal calprotectin levels were 1.47 times higher (p <0.05) than in patients with uncomplicated DDC with normal body weight). Among the indicators of systemic inflammation, levels of C‑reactive protein and TNF‑α were found to be significantly higher in obese patients with uncomplicated diverticular disease compared to those with normal body weight.
Conclusions. Obesity, characterized by a slightly higher degree of local and systemic inflammation, along with elevated levels of calprotectin, C‑reactive protein, and pro‑inflammatory cytokine (TNF‑α), contributes additionally to the development and recurrent course of diverticular disease of the colon.
Quantitative morphometry of compensated liver cirrhosis can aid to predict the outcomes of surgical treatment
Authors: Petiunin O. H. , Makarov V. V. , Feskov V. M. , Smolianyk K. M. , Shpytalna Y. O. 
Published: March 2024

Objective — to define quantitative morphometric characteristics of hepatic parenchyma lesions at compensated liver cirrhosis (CLC), which will allow more accurately to assess its functional reserves and predict the outcomes of surgical treatment.
Materials and methods. Intraoperative marginal liver biopsy was performed for 74 patients with CLC, who underwent surgical treatment. Morphological examinations with quantitative morphometry of intraoperative liver biopsies were done with the use of cytological analyzer with software «Integral‑2MT» produced by the association «Kvant» (Kyiv). The connective tissue area (CTA), unchanged hepatocytes area (UHA), stromal‑parenchymatous ratio (SPR), the volume of hepatocytes in the state of necrosis and/or necrobiosis (VHSNN), the volume of hepatocytes in the state of division (VHSD) were determined. The statistical analysis was performed by use of Statistica 12 software package.
Results. Three types of morphological pattern of CLC were isolated. Type I (type A) portal cirrhosis with weakly pronounced signs of parenchymatous and stromal reaction (mono‑multilobular type, portal cirrhosis). The CTA was 66.73±1.71 mm2, SPR was 0.285±0.019, UHA was 234.13±11.5 mm2, VHSNN was 11.21±0.74%, VHSD was 10.23±0.57%. Type II cirrhosis (type B) — cirrhosis of mono‑multilobular type with moderately expressed signs of parenchymatous and stromal reaction. The CTA was 126.69±12.5 mm2, SPR was 0.617±0.031, UHA was 205.34±13.8 mm2, VHSNN was 17.32±0.63%, VHSD was 15.43±0.48%. Type III cirrhosis (type C) — cirrhosis with pronounced signs of parenchymatous and stromal reaction, more often of multilobular type. The CTA was 240.16±13.4 mm2, SPR was 1.344±0.089, UHA was 178.69±18.7 mm2, VHSNN was 23.97±0.75%, VHSD was 11.07±0.58%. Analysis of immediate results of surgical treatment demonstrated, that no one patient with A‑type CLC died, while 9.5% of patients with B‑type and 25.0% of patients with C‑type CLC died in the early postoperative period.
Conclusions. Quantitative morphometry demonstrated that pathological changes in the liver at CLC are heterogeneous and can be categorized in to 3 types (A, B, C). Three types of morphological pattern at CLC, which were isolated, are characterized by significant differences in CTA, UHA, SPR, VHSNN, VHSD parameters. At transition of A‑type cirrhosis into C‑type, volume of hepatic parenchyma becomes to be decreased, while volume of connective tissue becomes to be increased. This is accompanied by decrease in UHA, increase in CTA, SPR and VHSNN. Surgical intervention in patients with type C morphological pattern of cirrhosis is associated with a high risk (25%) of poor outcome, which indicates the need to limitations for indications to elective surgical operations in this category of patients. Thus, quantitative morphometry of liver biopsies in CLC patients can aid to predict the outcomes of surgical treatment.
The pathogenetic role of ghrelin and leptin in the comorbid course of gastroesophageal reflux disease and type 2 diabetes
Authors: Zhuravlyova L. V. , Bondar-Кeleberda O. S. 
Published: March 2024

Objective — to study the levels of ghrelin and leptin, depending on the body mass index (BMI) in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) against the background of type 2 diabetes mellites (T2DM), to determine their role in the GERD formation and progression against T2DM background and to build a prognostic model for the GERD development in presence of T2DM.
Materials and methods. Examinations involved 120 patients (44 (44%) men and 56 (56%) women) who were divided into 3 groups: 1st group included 60 patients with comorbid GERD and T2DM, the 2nd group consisted of 20 patients with isolated GERD, and the 3rd group — 20 patients with T2DM. The control group consisted of 20 age‑matching practically healthy persons. The levels of ghrelin and leptin were determined by enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) on a Labline‑90 analyzer (Austria).
Results. Patients of the 2nd group demonstrated significantly maximal ghrelin levels 1.54±0.36 ng/mL, and leptin levels were significantly highest in the 1st group 18.87±1.22 ng/mL. Patients of the 1st group with a BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 had higher values of serum leptin 25.34±1.51 ng/mL and lower values of ghrelin 0.65±0.02 ng/mL (р <0.001) when compared with subjects with normal or slightly excessed body weight. In patients of both 1st and 2nd groups, the correlation between BMI and leptin levels was significant, direct and strong (ρ=+0.89016 and ρ=+0.82493, respectively), that is, with an increase in the serum leptin levels, an increase in BMI should be expected. Dependence of BMI from ghrelin levels was significant, inverse, of medium strength (ρ=–0.6864 and ρ=–0.6635). In group 3 patients, significantly strong direct correlation between BMI and leptin (ρ=0.935245) and significantly strong inverse correlation between BMI and ghrelin (ρ=–0.7740) were found. A prognostic model of GERD development against T2DM background has been built, which considered the following parameters: levels of ghrelin, leptin, glycosylated hemoglobin, insulin resistance index (NOMA‑IR), BMI and the level of very low‑density lipoprotein cholesterol. According to the formula, the diagnosis of GERD is positive if Y >0.5 and negative if Y <0.5. According to the ROC analysis, it was established that the sensitivity of the obtained prognostic formula was 96.2%; specificity 75.0%.
Conclusions. The obtained data showed that ghrelin and leptin play an important role in the formation and progression of GERD against T2DM background, and changes in the levels of these adipocytokines are among the factors that significantly complicate the clinical course of GERD and T2DM. Therefore, further studies are needed to determine whether leptin and ghrelin play a causal role in this relationship, or whether they are, after all, circulating biomarkers that improve insulin sensitivity and have anti‑inflammatory effects.
Primary Tuberculosis in Adults: Diagnostic Errors
Authors: Sakhelashvili M.I. , Piskur Z.I. , Sakhelashvili­–Bil O.I. 
Published: March 2024

Objective — to study the frequency and causes of diagnostic errors in primary pulmonary tuberculosis (PrPTB) in adults.
Materials and methods. The frequency and causes of diagnostic errors in verifying PrPTB in adults were studied by analyzing the pathomorphosis aspect of a specific process. Sectional material from 200 adult deaths due to primary forms of tuberculosis (PrFTB) over a period of 45 years (1974—2020) was analyzed. The study period was divided into three periods: the first period spanned from 1974 to 1988, during which three antimycobacterial drugs (isoniazid, streptomycin, and PASC) were used; the second period ranged from 1989 to 2005, during which rifampicin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide were added to the treatment regimen; and the third period covered from 2005 to 2020, during which aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, linezolid, and other antimycobacterial drugs were widely utilized.
Results and discussion. Studies conducted on clinical and pathological material from 200 deaths related to primary forms of tuberculosis (PrFTB) over the last 45 years (1974—2020) based on data from prosectures in Lviv indicate a significant decrease in the number of deaths from primary pulmonary tuberculosis (PrPTB) among the adult population. This decline is attributed to the widespread adoption of modern antimycobacterial therapy for patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). The predominant clinico-pathological form of PrPTB is tuberculosis of the intrathoracic lymph nodes (TBILN), which manifests with various progression variants. Complications of a specific nature (such as miliary TB, TB meningitis, and TB sepsis) prevail among the direct causes of death. However, diagnosing PrPTB in adults poses significant challenges in modern conditions, with an increasing frequency of underdiagnosis over the years. Diagnostic errors most commonly occur in general diagnostic hospitals during the verification of TBILN and its complications in patients over 30 years old.
Conclusions. The frequency of underdiagnosing PrPTB has increased due to its atypical course, likely resulting from the pathomorphosis of a specific process. The discrepancy between clinical and pathoanatomical diagnoses, attributable to the unique clinical course of PrPTB, was observed in 7.3 % of cases in the first period, 27.2 % in the second, and 40.0 % in the third. Several factors contribute to the underdiagnosis of PrPTB, including short-term hospital stays, the atypical course of PrPTB due to the pathomorphosis of a specific process, inadequate patient examination, the lack of urgency for phthisiological evaluation in general medical institutions and incorrect interpretation of clinical, radiological and laboratory data.
PENGARUH KEPRIBADIAN, MOTIVASI DIRI DAN PENGETAHUAN KEWIRAUSAHAAN TERHADAP MINAT BERWIRAUSAHA PADA MASYARAKAT DESA GAMPINGROWO KABUPATEN SIDOARJO
Authors: Yunita Dian , Pujianto Agung , Nasution Ute Ch 
Published: March 2024

The threat of the economic crisis, termination of employment (PHK), as well as the ever-increasing level of living needs, establishing a business is one of the important factors in people's lives. Entrepreneurship has the potential to create added value, both in personal terms and for society as a whole. With entrepreneurship, one can create jobs, increase income, encourage innovation and economic development, and provide solutions to problems that exist in society. Quantitative methods are used to collect and analyze the data needed in this study. The research sample consisted of 94 respondents who were members of the Gampingrowo Village community. The questionnaire is used as a data collection instrument that includes a measurement scale for personality variables, self-motivation, entrepreneurial knowledge, and entrepreneurial interest.
The results of data analysis show that of the 94 respondents in this study, there is a partial influence of personality, self-motivation, and entrepreneurial knowledge on entrepreneurial interest. This shows that the variables Personality, Self-Motivation, and Entrepreneurial Knowledge together have an influence of 73.3% on Interest in Entrepreneurship. The results of this study are expected to provide deeper insight into the factors that influence the interest in entrepreneurship in rural communities. Based on the research hypothesis, it is expected that a strong personality, high self-motivation, and good entrepreneurial knowledge will have a positive effect on the interest in entrepreneurship in the people of Gampingrowo Village. The results of this research can provide important input for the government and related organizations in designing programs and policies that can increase interest in entrepreneurship at the village level. In addition, this research can also be an important contribution in the development of literature on the factors that influence the interest in entrepreneurship in the village context.
CONVERSION OF A LARGE ROUNDABOUT IN BAGHDAD CITY TO A SIGNALIZED INTERSECTION
Authors: Al-Neami Ali H. K. , Al-Shekhlly Khalaf Taha 
Published: March 2024

This paper reports the conversion of a large unsignalised roundabout (HURIYA SQUARI!) relatively close to the University of Baghdad campus to a signalized intersection. The study focused on reduction of vehicle delay and queue length at this intersection area. During the course of this research project, two software packages for the analysis and design of isolated intersection, SIDRA (Akcelik, R.1986 and 1991) and HCS (Transportation Research Board, National Research Council 1994) were available. A trial site selected and the observed dara used in the evaluation of the SIDRA and HCS outputs. The evaluation process indicated that SIDRA produce vehicle delay, which is reasonably consistent with the observed vehicle delay. Hence, SIDRA software used in the evaluation of alternative designs of the HURIYA SQUARE intersection. Five proposals of signaling plans and four proposed geometric layouts examined. The first proposal evaluated on site; the other four proposals examined with aid of the SIDRA software. Based on the carried analysis, the intersection geometric layout, signal timing, and phasing plan which result in lower vehicle delay and higher reserved capacity selected.
The Local Authority (AMANAT BAHGDAD) adopted the selected design and the large roundabout converted to a signalized intersection. Observation of traffic behavior following the conversion indicates a considerable improvement in traffic movement performance
TECHNOLOGY AND ITS EFFECT ON THE FLEXIBILITY OF AUDITORIUM'S DESIGN
Authors: Al-Khafaji Saba. J.N , Hussian Suzan abd 
Published: March 2024

The technical development in scientific fields, has an effective influence in developing the possibilities of auditorium design, erection and performance. In the recent years, there was a great demand for flexible spaces, which could accommoder e different acting performance and would be economical too.
Therefore technical efforts and facilities can be great help in providing flexibility's in geometrical relations, space configuration, material treatment and surface finishes of multi purpose halls. This research emphasis the importance of technical possibilities in both mechanical and acoustical sides for providing flexibility's in acoustical performance in auditorium by:
1 Theoretical side discussing
a Technical possibilities in multi purpose halls,
b Main acoustical charseters and parameters, which are important for the evaluation of acoustical performance of multi purpose halls
Practical side; uradying an example which in the national theater in Baghdad as study case, and calculating the acoustical parameters mathematically and discussing its technical possibilities and then giving acoustical and technical advice for developing its functional and acoustical performance.
CONTROL OF THERMAL AND SHRINKAGE CRACKING OF MASS CONCRETE IN HOT CLIMATE
Authors: Al-rawi R.S. , Salih Salah mahdi 
Published: March 2024

The aim of the present work is to study the e possibility of controlling cracking due to differential temperature rise and differential shrinkage between surface and interior of mass concrete is bot climate .The experimental work consisted of meanaring temperature change with time various depths, within en the mass concrete foundation of 850 cubic meters in Measurements of the concrete shrinkage were also taken surface and st shot climate, The current understanding is that at a temperature difference of 20 C between the core of mais concrete and ita marface will cause cracking lo hot climate, higher temperature difference usually develops, and combined with shrinkage may cause development of wide cracks, even whes precautions are taken, nach as using low heat cement, large cament content The above understanding however cement, large maximum size aggregate and low
work that conerve may is not applicable in all cases. It has been shown be designed with a tensile strain capacity of much higher than the values usually reported of between 100 a will tolerate In the case a tummperature difference of the present foundation much higher than 20 own in an earlier fup to 480 micro-strain, which is Band 200 micro-strain C without cracking Such concreta design, small maximum size crushed coarse aggregate and relatively low WiC rato such concrete was designed using the ACI method of mis temperature was lowered and plastic shrinkage cracking was p polyethylene sheneta immediately after The placing was prevented by covering concrete with finishing Simultzorous coeurrence of maximum temperature differential and high shrinkage differential was avoided by after casting which, allows high creep continua water curing for 10 days e place. As a result, a to take mum semperature difference of 41 C between the core of the mats concrete and its surface was recorded without cracking However, 3 days afler termination of wales curing the maximum temperature difference decreased to 14 C. This is, combined with the shrinkage differential, lead to formation (not exceeding 0.15 mm) on the durability purposes of small width cracks concrete surface. These cracks were considered to be acceptable for durability puposes.
BEHAVIOUR OF CROSS - PLY LAMINATED HYBRID COMPOSITE PLATES WITH AN INCLINED CRACK SUBJECTED TO A UNIFORM TEMPERATURE RISE
Authors: Faidh-Allah Majid H. 
Published: March 2024

Thermal buckling analysis of symmetric and antisymmetric cross-ply laminated hybrid composite plates with an inclined crack subjected to a uniform temperature rise are presented in this paper. The first-order shear deformation theory in conjunction with variational energy method is employed in the mathematical formulation. The eight-node Lagrangian finite element technique is used for obtaining the thermal buckling temperatures of hybrid composite laminates. The effects of crack size and lay-up sequences on the thermal buckling temperatures for symmetric and a antisymmetric plates are investigated. The results are shown in graphical form for various boundary conditions. Finally , from this paper, the following main results have been found from which the buckling temperature is affected the larger crack length more than the small crack length, together with other result that the buckling temperature of the plate for every perforation angle is to increase while crack length is increasing
A finite element based optimization algorithm to include diffusion into the analysis of DCE‑MRI
Authors: Sainz-DeMena Diego , Ye Wenfeng , Pérez María Ángeles , García-Aznar José Manuel 
Published: March 2024

Pharmacokinetic (PK) models are used to extract physiological information from dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) sequences. Some of the most common models employed in clinical practice, such as the standard Tofts model (STM) or the extended Tofts model (ETM), do not account for passive delivery of contrast agent (CA) through diffusion. In this work, we introduce a diffusive term based on the concept of effective diffusivity into a finite element (FE) implementation of the ETM formulation, obtaining a new formulation for the diffusion-corrected ETM (D-ETM). A gradient-based optimization algorithm is developed to characterize the vascular properties of the tumour from the CA concentration curves obtained from imaging clinical data. To test the potential of our approach, several theoretical distributions of CA concentration are generated on a benchmark problem and a real tumour geometry. The vascular properties used to generate these distributions are estimated from an inverse analysis based on both the ETM and the D-ETM approaches. The outcome of these analyses shows the limitations of the ETM to retrieve accurate parameters in the presence of diffusion. The ETM returns smoothed distributions of vascular properties, reaching unphysical values in some of them, while the D-ETM accurately depicted the heterogeneity of KTrans, ve and vp distributions (mean absolute relative difference (ARD) of 16%, 15% and 9%, respectively, for the real geometry case) keeping all their values within their physiological ranges, outperforming the ETM.
जो मामै लोकगीतको विवेचना
Authors: अर्याल थानेश्वर 
Published: March 2024

लोकसाहित्य लोकसंस्कृतिको एउटा रोमाञ्चक र महत्त्वपूर्ण अङ्ग वा शाखा हो । नेपाली लोकसंस्कृति र लोकसाहित्य दुवै पक्षको झल्को दिने एउटा गीत हो–‘जो मामै’ । यस लेखमा प्रथमतः लोकसाहित्यको सामान्य परिचयसहित गुल्मी जिल्ला –लोकसंस्कृति र लोकसाहित्य, धार्मिक–आध्यात्मिक विषय वा साहित्य अनि ऐतिहासिक र विविध साहित्यिका दृष्टिले पनि परिचित रहेको तथा लोकसाहित्यिका दृष्टिले त निकै प्रसिद्ध र सदा उर्बर रहेको कुरा सङ्क्षेपमा उल्लेख गरिएको छ । तत्पश्चात् उल्लिखित ‘जो मामै’ गीत र त्यससँग सम्बन्धित ‘जिवेमामै’ गीतको विषयगत साम्यताको तुलनात्मक अध्ययन पनि गरिएको छ । नेपाली समाजको मगर जातिमा मामाकी छोरी बिहे गर्ने प्रचलन पहिलेदेखि अहिलेसम्म पनि कतैकतै रहेभएको पाइन्छ । तदनुरूप ‘जो मामै’ गीतमा भानिजले मामासँग उनकी छोरी मागेको र मामाले भानिजलाई छोरी लाने नै भए खुसी बनाएर लैजान अनुमति दिएको कुरा उल्लेख गरिएको छ । नृत्यशैलीमा प्रस्तुत संस्कृतिबोधक पस्तुत लोकगीतको भाषा पनि जातिअनुकूल रहेको कुरा दर्शाउँदै नेपाली समाजको मगर समुदायमा पहिले मामाकी छोरी भानिजले बिहे गर्ने चलन रहेको थियो भन्ने कुरा गीतका आधारमा विवेचना गरिएको छ ।