bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mites and house dust allergy. IV. Antigen and allergen(s) of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus extract
Authors: BILIOTTI G. , ROMAGNANI S. , RICCI M. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryThe antigenic composition of D. pteronyssinus extract was investigated by using antisera raised in rabbits by injection of the mile extract in Freund's adjuvant. Immunodiffusion analysis revealed the presence in the mite extract of many antigenic constituents, most of which were also common to human dander and house dust extracts. Four antigenic components not shared by human dander appeared to be common to D.farinae extract. D. pteronyssinus extract was then fractionated on Sephadex G‐75 and DEAE‐Sephadex. Immunodiffusion analysis of the most active fraction revealed, after heat‐treatment, the presence of three precipitin lines, one of which appeared not to be shared by nutrient medium or by D. farinae extract constituents.When the anti‐mite rabbit serum was fixed to an immunosorbent and incubated with a house dust extract it was constantly able to induce a strong decrease or a complete loss of the allergenicity of the dust extract in man. These results suggest that mite allergen(s) are immunogenic in the rabbit and provide more direct evidence for identity of the allergens in house dust and mite.
Half‐life of CINH in hereditary angioneurotic oedema (HAE)*
Authors: BRACKERTZ D. , ISLER E. , KUEPPERS F. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryThe half‐life of125I labelled CINH was determined in patients with HAE and normal controls. There was no significant difference between these two groups. The half‐life in the HAE patients was 67.7 hr ± 4.9 hr (s.d.) and in the normals 64 hr± 1.4 hr (s.d.). This finding is consistent with a defect in synthesis as an explanation of the low serum C1NH levels in HAE patients.
A double blind trial of a 2% solution of sodium cromoglycate in perennial rhinitis
Authors: BLAIR HENRY , VINER A. S. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryNineteen patients with perennial rhinitis were studied in a double blind crossover trial of 8 weeks duration using a 2% solution of sodium cromoglycate and placebo.Nasal smears, blood counts and serum IgE levels were carried out to determine whether any changes occurred with either the active or placebo formulations.Clinically, thirteen patients were greatly improved with the active solution, four showed no change and two became worse.Eosinophils in the nasal secretions were generally reduced during the administration of active solution but remained unchanged with the placebo.
Incidence of serum anti‐DNA precipitins in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus by counterimmunoelectrophoresis
Authors: BIUNDO J. J. , LOPEZ M. , KOHLER P. F. , SALVAGGIO J. E. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryThe technique of counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIE) has been adapted for detection of serum precipitins to calf thymus (CT) DNA in patients with SLE, discoid LE, miscellaneous connective tissue and infectious diseases, and control populations. Of seventy‐eight LE patients, 58% demonstrated anti‐ss DNA precipitins, and 20% exhibited anti‐ds DNA precipitins. Good correlation was noted between the presence of ss DNA precipitins and ss DNA binding values determined by the more sensitive ammonium sulphate precipitation assay. Depressed total serum haemolytic complement activity in CH50 u/ml was noted in 64% of sera exhibiting ss DNA precipitins and 38% of those with negative ss DNA precipitins. There was a strong association, however, between ds DNA precipitins and depressed serum complement levels.Although less sensitive than primary binding assays, CIE can be used as a rapid and simple screening test for detection of circulating anti‐native and denatured CT DNA precipitins. CT DNA serum precipitins are present in a significantly higher percentage of SLE patients when compared with other disease states and normal control populations.
Studies on interrelations between eosinophilia, serum IgE and tissue mast cells
Authors: TAKENAKA TOORU , OKUDA MINORU , KUBO KUNIOMI , UDA HIROTSUGU 
Published: April 2006

SummaryIn an examination of a variety of diseases associated with a peripheral blood eosinophilia it is evident that the eosinophilia is not necessarily accompanied by increased amounts of serum IgE. Tissue eosinophilia occurring with mast cell hyperplasia and usually increased amounts of JgE, indicate atopic allergy.It is considered that the eosinophilic granuloma of soft tissue (Kimura's disease) is an atopic disease and quite different from histiocytosis X.
Morphological changes of basophils in immunological reactions—effect of sodium cromoglycate
Authors: KIMURA IKURO , TANIZAKI YOSHIRO , SATO SHUICHI , TAKAHASHI KIYOSHI , SAITO KATSUYOSHI , UEDA NOBUO 
Published: April 2006

SummaryThe morphological changes in blood basophils, from patients with bronchial asthma, were studied in vitro during immunological reactions, with particular reference to interaction with anti‐IgE. Anti‐human IgE results in an absolute reduction in basophil numbers in buffy coat preparations as well as basophil cytoplasmic degranulation. An increase in the numbers of pear‐shaped (A‐form) basophils is also observed. Sodium cromoglycate impairs all these anti‐IgE induced basophil changes, providing further insight into the mechanism of action of this compound in bronchial asthma.
Biphasic reaction after inhalation of Haemophilm influenzae in patients with chronic nonspecific lung disease
Authors: VAN DER ZWAN J. C. , ORIE N. G. M. , DE VRIES K. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryIn patients with chronic nonspecific lung disease (CNSLD), who had precipitins against Haemophilus influenzae (HI), a biphasic bronchial obstructive reaction is described after inhalation of killed HI bacteria. There was an early obstructive reaction, occurring immediately after the inhalation and lasting for 1 hr, followed by a late reaction, which started 5–6 hr after the inhalation and lasted for about 8 hr. The late reaction was accompanied by fever, malaise and leucocytosis. The difference in reaction after HI inhalation in five patients and two controls, and the effect of protection with sodium cromoglycate and prednisolone are discussed.
Isolation and characterization of cat allergens
Authors: STOKES C. R. , TURNER M. W. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryA crude (saline soluble) extract of cat skins capable of eliciting a strong positive prick skin test in cat sensitive individuals was fractionated on Sephadex G200. Active fractions were pooled and successively fractionated on isoelectric focusing gradients of pH 3–5 and pH 4–5. Allergenic activity was localized in two peaks with mean isoelectric points of 4.1 and 4.35 respectively. On immunoelectrophoresis the allergen with pI = 4.35 was associated with a protein which was subsequently found to be immunologically indistinguishable from serum albumin and to have a molecular weight of 69,000 daltons. The allergen with pI = 4.1 migrated in the α2‐region on immunoelectrophoresis and had a mean molecular weight of 55,000 daltons. This allergen was isolated and analysed for amino acid and carbohydrate content.A combined extract of both allergens coupled to microcrystalline cellulose and used in a RAST procedure readily distinguished between two groups of individuals classified as skin test positive and skin test negative to cat allergen.
Immediate hypersensitivity in patients with cystic fibrosis
Authors: ALLAN J. D. , MOSS A. D. , WALLWORK J. C. , McFARLANE H. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryTwenty‐three out of thirty patients with cystic fibrosis gave strong immediate skin hypersensitivity reaction to a wide variety of allergens. Seventy‐five per cent of these had a markedly elevated serum IgE concentration whereas those patients who had negative Type 1 immediate skin reactions also had normal levels of serum IgE. The sputum of those patients with immediate skin reactivity also had positive precipitins to a variety of antigens.
Application of the patient‐self (P‐S) test to assess the specificity of hyposensitization with Allpyral‐G
Authors: D.CUTHBERT O. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryFollowing hyposensitization with Allpyral‐G 5‐grass mix the level of blockingantibody is assessed against the 5‐grass mix, against Timothy (one of the grasses) and against Meadow Grass (not included in the five grasses) respectively and the results compared. The implications are that only very limited protection is given against a grass pollen other than those used for the hyposensitization and this confirms laboratory findings that there is minimal cross‐reactivity between grass pollen allergens.
Effect of sodium cromoglycate on asthmatic reactions to environmental temperature changes
Authors: BRESLIN A. B. X. , PEPYS J. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryImmediate asthmatic reactions, with falls in FEV1 of 16–42.5% were elicited by exposure in a cold room at 3°C in five out of eight subjects with histories of asthma provoked by falls in environmental temperature. In four of the subjects pretreatment by inhalation of sodium cromoglycate gave complete inhibition of the asthmatic reaction in two, partial inhibition in one and had no effect in one case.
A study of serum immunoglobulins including IgE and reaginic antibodies in patients with bronchial asthma in relation to the spectrum of the disease
Authors: SAHA KUNAL , KULPATI D. D. , PADMTNI R. , SHIVPURI D. N. , SHALI P. L. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryImmunoglobulins G, A, M, D, and E were studied in the sera obtained from sixty‐nine bronchial asthma patients, who were graded objectively according to atopic score. Among other associated atopic diseases, they often had allergic rhinitis. Ninety‐one per cent of these patients had elevated serum IgE levels and the mean level of serum IgE was more than 3.5 times higher than that observed in the normal subjects. Moreover, as their atopic score increased, the serum IgE levels were also elevated, and every patient with high atopic score, had elevated serum IgE levels: This indicates the association of atopic state with serum IgE level.Furthermore, reaginic antibodies were studied in some of these patients by intradermal tests, Prausnitz‐Küstner (PK) reaction, conjunctival and bronchial provocation tests. Intradermal and PK tests were comparable and proved to be the most sensitive method of detecting reagins. The intensity of these reactions correlated significantly with serum IgE level, although this relationship is not invariably present. The reaginic activities in the sera of the patients with atopic bronchial asthma also compared well with the positive bronchial test (induced asthma) by inhalation of specific aerosol although this association is also not always present.Eleven patients with high atopic score had isolated serum IgA deficiency. There was a significant rise of mean serum IgM in comparison to the controls.
The IgG subclasses of antibodies to castor bean allergen in patients with allergic asthma: detection of a high incidence of antibodies of the IgG4 subclass
Authors: DEVEY M. E. , PANZANI R. 
Published: April 2006

SummarySera from patients with allergic asthma to castor bean dust were tested for specific antibodies in the red cell linked antigen‐antiglobulin reaction (RCLAAR) using antiglobulin sera specific for IgE and the four subclasses of IgG. Approximately one‐third of the patients with specific IgG antibodies had an antibody response that was predominantly in the IgG4 subclass. Two patients who were thought not to be sensitive to castor bean allergen, despite long exposure to the dust, did not have detectable IgE antibodies, but had high titres of IgG antibodies that were predominantly IgG4. Specific IgG4 antibodies to castor bean allergen were heat stable, did not appear to passively sensitize monkey skin in the PCA reaction and did not passively sensitize human basophils for the rosette reaction with castor bean‐coated red cells.
Seasonal asthma and the house‐dust mite in tropical Africa
Authors: COOKSON J. B. , MAKONI G. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryThe relationship between seasonal asthma and sensitivity to the house‐dust mite has been investigated in a country with large seasonal variations in relative humidity.Of seventy‐eight African asthmatics, 64.1% gave a history probably suggestive of sensitivity to house‐dust, and 55.1% a history strongly suggestive of such sensitivity. On skin testing, 35.9% had strong reactions to the house‐dust mite Dermatophagoides Pteronyssinus, compared with 1.9% of fifty‐one matched controls without symptoms of chest disease. Few had either a history or skin tests suggestive of pollen or mould sensitivity. Most of the asthmatics were worse during the hot, wet season when the humidity is highest. This is also the time when in‐patient asthmatics are most numerous. D. pteronyssinus grows well in warm, damp conditions and it is suggested that sensitivity to this mite may play a significant role in the marked seasonal changes seen in our asthmatic patients.
Betamethasone valerate in the treatment of summer hay fever
Authors: DAVIDSON W. , HOPE G. A. , KALlNOWSKI S. Z. , ROSE M. N. , HARDING S. M. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryBetamethasone valerate nasal aerosol in a daily dose of 400 μg was compared with a placebo in a double‐blind trial involving 103 patients with summer hay fever. The patients ‘and physicians’ preference for the active compound was statistically significant (P<0.001), with 88% of the patients receiving betamethasone valerate obtaining substantial relief of symptoms. The analysis of patients' daily symptom scores showed that nasal symptoms were significantly reduced by the active aerosol (P<0.001). A day‐by‐day comparison of nasal symptom scores with pollen counts indicated a decreasing allergic response as the season progressed; possible reasons for this are discussed. No clinically significant side effects were observed. Short tetracosactrin tests from ten randomly chosen patients on betamethasone valerate showed no abnormality and nasal swabs for Candida culture from a further thirty‐two patients were negative. It is concluded that intranasal betamethasone valerate is an effective and safe form of therapy for seasonal rhinitis.
A quantitative study on the activation of the alternative pathway of complement by mouldy hay dust and thermophilic actinomycetes
Authors: EDWARDS J. H. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryMaterials associated with the induction of farmer's lung were incubated with fresh normal human serum in the presence of magnesium ethylene glycol tetra‐acetic acid (MgEGTA) or ethylene diamine tetra‐acetic acid (EDTA) and results compared with material known to activate the alternative pathway of complement—zymosan. Results show that Micropolyspora faeni organisms are as active as zymosan in reducing complement (C) levels in the presence of MgEGTA, with a 50% reduction in CH50 at approximately 140 μg/ml. Thermoactinomyces vulgaris organisms produced a 50% CH50 reduction at approximately 1.25 mg/ml and two samples of respirable mouldy hay dust (MHD) at approximately 5.6 mg/ml whereas extracts of M. faeni and T. vulgaris reduced the CH50 titre by 17% and 39% respectively at 16 mg/ml in the presence of MgEGTA. Organisms and extracts did not reduce the CH50 titre in the presence of EDTA even at the maximum concentration quoted by more than 3%, thus it is considered that alternative pathway activation was responsible for C utilization in the presence of MgEGTA.Respirable MHD used less than 4% available C at 4 mg/ml in the presence of EDTA but at 8 mg/ml dust 11% and 28% available CH50 were used compared with 79% and 81% respectively in the presence of MgEGTA. The elution of immunoglobulin binding material from MHD may be responsible for apparent CH50 consumption in the presence of EDTA.
Histological and immunological studies on eosinophilic granuloma of soft tissue, so‐called Kimura's disease
Authors: TAKENAKA TOORU , OKUDA MINORU , USAMI ATUSI , KAWABORI SHINICHI , OGAMI YOSHIHARU , KUBO KUNIOMI , UDA HIROTSUGU 
Published: April 2006

SummaryIncrease of serum IgE with frequent localization of IgE in the germinal centres, mast cell hyperplasia in lymph nodes and changes of specific granules in the infiltrated eosinophils, such as roughness of the matrix and appearance of tubular structures together with fusing and disappearance of the core, were demonstrated in eosinophilic granuloma of the soft tissue, so‐called Kimura's disease, in association with increase of anti‐Candida IgE antibody.It is suggested that this disease may be due to atopic allergy to Candida albicans.
Antibodies mediating type I skin test reactions to polysaccharide and protein antigens of Candida albicans
Authors: LONGBOTTOM JOAN L. , BRIGHTON W. D. , EDGE GERALDINE , PEPYS J. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryImmediate, type I, prick test reactions in man to purified fractions of Candida albicans group A were mediated by different classes of antibody. The allergens were the cell‐wall polysaccharide, mannan, and a ‘purified’ cytoplasmic protein fraction, free of mannan, prepared by passage through Sepharose‐concanavalin‐A. Passive transfer tests in the monkey gave immediate reactions, (1) to the purified, cytoplasmic, protein mediated by heat‐labile long‐term sensitizing antibody, and (2) to the polysaccharide, mannan, mediated by heat‐stable short‐term sensitizing antibody.
City spore concentrations in the European Economic Community (EEC) I. Grass pollen, 1973.
Authors: BAGNI N. , CHARPIN HUGUETTE , DAVIES R. R. , NOLARD NICOLE , STIX ERIKA 
Published: April 2006

SummaryAlthough clinical reports on the prevalence of summer hay fever in different parts of Europe have been published, comparative studies on atmospheric pollen concentrations appear to have been rarely undertaken. The present paper describes observations on the grass pollen content of the air at Bologna, Brussels, London, Munich and Strasbourg and is the first of a series involving international collaboration between workers in cities of the European Economic Community*.
Measurement of specific IgE antibodies in nasal secretion—evidence for local production
Authors: MERRETT T. G. , HOURI M. , MAYER A. L. R. , MERRETT J. 
Published: April 2006

SummarySerum levels of total and specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) have been determined by radioimmunoassays in sixty‐nine allergic subjects. The forty‐one subjects with mild symptoms were the most difficult to diagnose, since nine had IgE levels less than 50 U/ml and nineteen had no detectable specific IgE antibodies. Samples of nasal secretions were collected from these nineteen subjects and five were found to have specific IgE antibodies, and in a further eight increased amounts of total IgE. The possibility of locally produced IgE antibodies should therefore be considered when using in vitro tests to diagnose mild or recently acquired allergies, especially when serum IgE levels are less than 50 U/ml.
Asthma due to inhaled chemical agents—amprolium hydrochloride
Authors: GREENE S. A. , FREEDMAN S. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryA man with no previous history of allergy or chest disease developed asthma after exposure to a heavy atmospheric concentration of amprolium hydrochloride which is a constituent of a poultry‐food additive. Subsequent experimental exposure produced an immediate asthmatic reaction which was inhibited by sodium cromoglycate.
IgE antibodies to house dust, mite, animal allergens and moulds in house dust hypersensitivity
Authors: VIRCHOW CHR. , ROTH A. , MÖLLER E. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryFifty‐three patients were investigated by intradermal tests and Phadebas RAST and, in most cases, the serum IgE level was determined. They were tested for sensitivity to house dust, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, cat, dog, horse and mould allergens.All cases with IgE antibodies to house dust were found to have specific IgE to other tested allergens as well. Eighty‐nine per cent of the patients being RAST positive for house dust were also positive for D. pteronyssinus and in the majority of those cases IgE antibodies to other allergens were detected. The results reaffirm previous findings that the mite is not the only allergen in house dust and that extract of house dust is a mixture of several allergenic substances, which make it less suitable for differential testing.It is concluded that serum IgE determination is of value as a screening procedure in the diagnosis and that the use of a number of specific allergens in RAST is valuable in pinpointing the offending allergen in house dust hypersensitivity.
Local nasal desensitization provoking systemic illness with proteinuria
Authors: FREED D. L. J. , TAYLOR G. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryWe report a case of allergic rhinitis with systemic illness and proteinuria, which was repeatedly provoked by nasal exposure to allergen. Local nasal desensitization resulted in remission of both rhinitis and systemic illness. The disease was associated with systemic complement fixation via the classical pathway.
Bakers’ asthma
Authors: HENDRICK D. J. , DAVIES R. J. , PEPYS J. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryBronchial provocation tests by ‘occupational’ exposure to flour provoked dual asthmatic reactions accompanied by rhinitis in two atopic bakers engaged in the manufacture of bread and pies. Ingestion tests with uncooked flour produced no reactions.Skin prick tests with aqueous extracts of flour produced positive immediate reactions in both bakers, and negative reactions in nine of ten atopic asthmatic control subjects with no occupational exposure to flour. Intracutaneous tests, performed in one precipitin negative baker, gave dual responses. Precipitating antibodies to an aqueous extract of flour were found in the unconcentrated serum of the other baker, and not in ten control subjects.
The effect of sodium cromoglycate in preventing aspirin induced bronchospasm
Authors: BASOMBA A. , ROMAR A. , PELÁEZ A. , VILLALMANZO I. G. , CAMPOS A. 
Published: April 2006

SummarySeventeen patients with aspirin‐induced asthma were studied, the majority being intolerant to more than one analgesic. In addition to asthma, eleven patients had sinusitis and eight had nasal polyps. Serum IgE levels were normal with a mean of 295 iu/ml. However, some patients had positive cutaneous and PK tests against inhalants and non‐analgesic drugs.Spirometry showed the bronchial obstruction to be mild. However, all patients were hyper‐reactive to acetylcholine. Oral provocation tests with aspirin alone and also with the prior administration of sodium cromoglycate (SCG) by inhalation were performed and the results assessed by spirometry and clinical examination.The results suggest that the obstruction is probably due to oedema of the bronchial mucosa together with pulmonary congestion rather than a simple spasm of the bronchi.SCG was found to prevent significantly the ventilatory obstruction induced by aspirin.It is suggested that non‐immunological factors are responsible for the asthma and that SCG may have an effect on the altered receptors protecting them from the action of aspirin on kinins.
Comparison of the allergenic properties of bee venom and whole bee body extract
Authors: LIGHT WILMA C. , REISMAN ROBERT E. , ROSARIO NELSON A. , ARBESMAN CARL E. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryThe allergenic properties of bee venom and whole bee body extract were compared by in vivo and in vitro tests. The majority of patients with known bee sting sensitivity had positive intracutaneous skin test reactions with bee venom and had bee venom specific IgE in their sera. Of seventeen patients with positive bee venom skin tests, nine had positive tests with whole bee body extract. Of thirty sera containing elevated levels of bee venom specific IgE obtained from untreated patients, fourteen sera contained whole body specific IgE but in much lower titres.In RAST inhibition experiments using both bee venom and whole bee body extract as coupling antigens, bee venom was a more potent inhibiting antigen than whole body extract.From these experiments we conclude that bee venom is a more potent allergen than whole bee body extract.