bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A method for studying intercorrelated circulation patterns in library systems
Authors: Smith Charles H. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractA means for studying intercorrelated circulation patterns among the branches of a library system is suggested. The focus is on the improvement of availability of library resources to the user. Under conditions in which the analyst is interested in geneA means for studying intercorrelated circulation patterns among the branches of a library system is suggested. The focus is on the improvement of availability of library resources to the user. Under conditions in which the analyst is interested in geneA means for studying intercorrelated circulation patterns among the branches of a library system is suggested. The focus is on the improvement of availability of library resources to the user. Under conditions in which the analyst is interested in geneA means for studying intercorrelated circulation patterns among the branches of a library system is suggested. The focus is on the improvement of availability of library resources to the user. Under conditions in which the analyst is interested in generating a picture of system‐wide utilization of library resources by an “average user” representative of the sum community, multidimensional scaling procedures might be applied to obtain relevant information. Following a brief description of multidimensional scaling, several kinds of specific analyses types concerning the allocation of library resources are discuss representative of the sum community, multidimensional scaling procedures might be applied to obtain relevant information. Following a brief description of multidimensional scaling, several kinds of specific analyses types concerning the all representative of the sum community, multidimensional scaling procedures might be applied to obtain relevant information. Following a brief description of multidimensional scaling, several kinds of specific analyses types concerning the all representative of the sum community, multidimensional scaling procedures might be applied to obtain relevant information. Following a brief description of multidimensional scaling, several kinds of specific analyses types concerning the allocation of library resources are discussed.
Integrating America's infostructure
Authors: Zurkowski Paul G. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThe INFOSTRUCTURE is defined by using a map of the information industry to show the interrelationships of eight industry segments: content services, content packages, facilitation services, information technologies, integrating technologies, communications technologies, communications channels, and broadcast channels. The key force for integration is the information content that holds the industry together and gives it a ralson d'etre. The criteria for identifying information businesses are identified and each segment of the map is reviewed in relation to these parameters. A new, vertically integrated INFOSTRUCTURE is revealed, based on information and communication technology and designed to deliver information content.
Use of arabic in computerized information interchange
Authors: Aman Mohammed M. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThere is a growing demand in the Arab world for the use of Arabic script in inputting and accessing information systems and the establishment of Arab databases. In all Arab countries, Arabic is the working language In management, business, accounting, education, arts, and literature and to a lesser extent in science, medicine, and engineering. Arab member countries in the International Information System for Agricultural Sciences and Technology (AGRIS), whose carrler language is English, face some difficulties in preparing documents in the Arabic language for AGRIS input. The method of script conversion through transliteration, which is used by AGRIS and the Library of Congress is neither helpful or acceptable to Arab librarians and Information specialists. These and similar complaints have prompted information and computer specialists to address the issues of Arabization of computer terminals and Input/output procedures. This article addresses the problem of Arabic computerized Information exchange and highlights the basic differences between treatment of Arabic and English. It also discusses the various Arab attempts to formulate standards for coding Arabic letters and vowels points and their sorting sequence. Another area that this article explores is the high degree of syntactical flexibility which characterizes the Arabic language and complicates data retrieval, computer aided translation, and human machine interface. A unified standard for the Arab/Latin Computer Code known as CODAR‐UFD based on the ASCII Code was adopted in 1982. This article discusses this new code and describes some of the existing terminals that use other codes.
“Citation classics” analysis: An approach to characterizing interdisciplinary research
Authors: Chubin Daryl E. , Porter Alan L. , Rossini Frederick A. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThe Science Indicators series has paid little heed to interdisciplinary research. This article seeks (1) to distinguish multi‐ or interdisciplinary (IDR) research from single or monodisciplinary research, and (2) to characterize IDR, i.e., begin to describe how it differs from other research. A peculiar population of “over‐cited” articles is defined by the Institute for Scientific Information's “Citation Classics.” A sample of 1981 classics (which appear weekly in Current Contents) was examined for suspected interdisciplinary (IDR) content and/or usage. Between 10 and 20% were identified as possibly IDR. A subsample of these was traced through SCI and JCR categories to construct 10‐year citation histories. Content analysis of subject category concentration was also performed. We conclude that citation of a classic follows no set pattern. Time‐ and category‐sensitive indicators are discussed.
Information‐seeking behavior in an applied research/service delivery setting
Authors: Salasin J. , Cedar T. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThe area of rural mental health services was used as a testbed to study information‐seeking behavior in a field that includes researchers, policymakers, and practitioners. Findings from a nationwide survey (n = 1666) describe the sources that were used to obtain information about various topics and the use and value of these sources by or to individuals in various work roles and settings. The findings demonstrate the importance of person‐to‐person communication; differences in the sources used, and the value placed on these sources, by individuals in different work roles and settings; and that information‐seeking episodes generally involve using multiple sources (5.0) to obtain information about several topics (3.2).
Information technology and the third world
Authors: Slamecka Vladimir 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThis article reviews selected effects of new developments in information technology on the Third World, and suggests that the more positive effects lie in the social and cultural realms. It is generally conceded that the economic impact of information This article reviews selected effects of new developments in information technology on the Third World, and suggests that the more positive effects lie in the social and cultural realms. It is generally conceded that the economic impact of information This article reviews selected effects of new developments in information technology on the Third World, and suggests that the more positive effects lie in the social and cultural realms. It is generally conceded that the economic impact of information technology favors industrialized countries rather than those with labor intensive industries and high unemployment. A number of social and cultural impacts of information technology are discussed, and the effect of changing technology on national informatic policies is illustrated. While national development of informatic industries in the Third World is essential and beneficial, the “postindustrial society” does not appear to be a realistic alternate goal of socio‐economic developme does not appear to be a realistic alternate goal of socio‐economic developme does not appear to be a realistic alternate goal of socio‐economic developme does not appear to be a realistic alternate goal of socio‐economic development.
Access to primary and secondary literature from peripheral or less developed countries
Authors: Eres Beth Krevitt , Noerr K. T. Bivins 
Published: June 2007

AbstractScientists in less developed and peripheral countries have difficulty in accessing and acquiring primary and secondary literature. A regression analysis of journal and abstracting and indexing subscriptions in less developed countries shows a strong relationship of 80.3% between subscriptions and size of the scientific population and number of libraries in a country. This suggests that countries have great difficulty in increasing the subscriptions to the amount needed to support the scientific needs of their small population. Networking is suggested as the solution to this problem. Two specific network models are given including both organizational and implementation plans. The first model involves areas of the world with a reasonable computing and telecommunications infrastructure. The second involves areas of the world where there are less computing facilities, a less sophisticated telecommunications structure, and less development in the area of information policy.
Private acts and public objects: An investigation of citer motivations
Authors: Brooks Terrence A. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractCitation analysis has been used as a method for evaluating scholars and their impact. Evaluative citation analysis has been employed without a clear understanding of why authors give references and in the absence of any empirical work investigating citer motivations. The debate over the validity of evaluative citation analysis derives from the competing theoretical models used to describe the citer's motivations. Current models describing citer motivations were analyzed in this article and the seven most significant citer motivations identified. These seven citer motivations were presented to 26 authors at the University of Iowa each of whom had recently published an academic article. The authors indicated their motivations for giving each reference in their articles. As a result, the motivational background for more than 900 citational acts were gathered and analyzed.
Inference control mechanism for statistical database: Frequency‐imposed data distortions
Authors: Liew Chong K. , Choi Uinam J. , Liew Chung J. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThis paper introduces two data distortion methods: Frequency‐Imposed Distortion and Frequency‐Imposed Probability Distortion. This paper compares the performance of these distortion methods with that of other distortion method by using a Monte Carlo study. The study indicates that the data generated by these two methods not only produce accurate statistics but also protect the privacy of individuals involved in the data.
A probabilistic theory of indexing and similarity measure based on cited and citing documents
Authors: Kwok K. L. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractA new model of viewing a document based on the citingcited relationship between documents is introduced. Using Bayes' decision theory, it is shown how a source document may be indexed and weighted by its set of relevant cited or citing document features, corresponding to a one pass relevance feedback Model 1 (probabilistic indexing) or Model 2 (probabilistic retrieval) system of [8]. Once every document in a collection has been so indexed, various forms of similarity measures based on probability of topical relevance between documents are derivable, including asymmetric, symmetric, and the relationship with Model 3 of [8]. Applications to retrieval and document clustering are also discussed.
The politics of information
Authors: Chartrand Robert Lee 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThe politics of information in contemporary times is a kaleidoscope of continuing change as society and government strive to cope with the impacts of various information technologies–computers, telecommunications, microform systems, audio and video devices. Within the Congress and throughout Federal, State, and local governmental units, inexorable pressures are causing the integration of these innovative support systems into existing processes. Laws and institutions are evolving at an accelerated pace, as both public and private sector leadership recognize the criticalness of selectively utilizing this manifestation of mankind's ingenuity as applied to the collection, processing, retrieval, and distribution of information essential to business, education, science, agriculture, and an array of social services.
The use of statistical methods in library and information science
Authors: Wallace Danny P. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThis study compared the use of statistics in 99 journals from four subject areas: library and information science, education, social work, and business. It was found that journals in library and information science produced more articles making no use of statistics than did journals in the other three subject areas, and that only in library and information science were there more articles using descriptive techniques only than articles using inferential techniques. A comparison of the mean number of articles per journal using no statistics, descriptive statistics only, and inferential statistics indicated that the mean number of articles per journal using inferential statistics was much lower for library and information science than for the other subject areas. The only inferential technique not used significantly less in library and information science than in the other subject areas was correlation, one of the simplest of inferential techniques.
Parkhaus “Am Gericht” in Frankfurt am Main – Eine Sanierung mit kathodischem Korrosionsschutz
Authors: Klein Hans‐H. , Schade Andreas , Eichler Thorsten , Pruckner Franz 
Published: June 2007

AbstractParkhäuser haben nach mehreren Jahrzehnten der Nutzung häufig Sanierungsbedarf in Bezug auf die tragende Stahlbetonkonstruktion, die durch eingedrungene Chloride aus eingeschlepptem Tausalz und die hierdurch hervorgerufene Korrosion der Bewehrung in der Tragfähigkeit erheblich beeinträchtigt sein kann. Das Verfahren des kathodischen Korrosionsschutzes kann hier als elektrochemisches Instandsetzungsverfahren eine wirtschaftliche und zuverlässige Alternative zu herkömmlichen Sanierungsverfahren bieten. Voraussetzungen sind intensive Voruntersuchungen, die Kenntnis der sinnvollen Anwendungsgrenzen des Systems, eine qualitativ hochwertige bauliche Umsetzung des Systems und die Nutzung der Möglichkeiten der Überwachung des Instandsetzungserfolges durch Monitoring, was am Beispiel des Parkhauses “Am Gericht” in Frankfurt am Main erläutert wird.
Darstellung neuer fluorierter Sulfenylhalogenide und Sulfenylpseudohalogenide
Authors: Haas Alois , Klug Walter 
Published: June 2007

AbstractAlkalifluoride reagieren mit Thiocarbonylfluorid je nach den Reaktionsbedingungen zu (CSF2)n, F3CSC(F)S und (F3CS)2CS. Die beiden letzten Substanzen addieren Chlor bzw. Brom zu den entsprechenden Sulfenylchloriden bzw. ‐bromiden. Aus Silberpseudohalogeniden und F3CSC(F)(Cl)SCI entstehen Sulfenylcyanide, ‐thiocyanate und ‐isocyanate. Während (F3CS)2C(Cl)SCI nicht mit Silberpseudohalogeniden reagiert, setzt sich (CF3)2‐C(Cl)SCI zwar nicht mit AgOCN, aber mit AgSCN und AgCN zu (CF3)2C(Cl)SSCN und (CF3)2C(Cl)SCN um. Die synthetisierten Verbindungen wurden 19F‐NMR‐ und IR‐spektroskopisch untersucht.
Synthese und Reaktionen benzokondensierter Hydrindantine
Authors: Schwall Horst , Regitz Manfred 
Published: June 2007

Abstract2.2′‐Dihydroxy‐1.3.1′.3′‐tetraoxo‐4.5‐benzo(bzw.‐4.5;4′.5′‐dibenzo)‐biindanyl‐(2.2′xs) (16 bzw 24) und einige Derivate werden durch aldolartige Kondensation eines 2‐Acyloxy(bzw.‐Hydroxy)‐1.3‐diketons mit einem vicinalen Triketon‐hydrat synthetisiert. Die Reversibilität dieser Umsetzungen wird durch Abfangreaktionen plausibel gemacht, die die 1.3‐Diketon‐Komponente mit 4‐Nitro‐benzoldiazoniumchlorid (6, 14) und Xanthydrol (7, 15, 19, 21) eingeht.
Zur Konjugation in makrocyclischen Bindungssystemen, XII. Versuche zur Darstellung des Cyclo[d.e.d.e.d.e.d.e.d.e.d.e]dodecakisbenzens. Eine neue Synthese von 1.2;7.8‐Dibenzo‐anthracenen
Authors: Vögtle Fritz , Staab Heinz A. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractEine neue Synthese von 1.2;7.8‐Dibenzo‐anthracenen (9), ausgehend von 4.6‐Dinitro‐m‐xylol und aromatischen Aldehyden, wurde entwickelt. 3.4.5.6‐Tetrahydro‐1.2;7.8‐dibenzo‐anthracen (6) wurde zur 5′.4″‐Bis‐brommethyl‐Verbindung 8 umgesetzt, die zu dem makrocyclischen System 13 cyclisiert werden konnte. Versuche zur katalytischen Dehydrierung von 13 zu 1 wurden durchgeführt. Die zu 13 analoge makrocyclische Verbindung 14 ließ sich über 4.4″‐Dimethyl‐m‐terphenyl (12) und 4.4″‐Bis‐brommethyl‐m‐terphenyl (11) darstellen. Die stereochemischen Verhältnisse bei 13 und 14 werden an Hand der 1H‐NMR‐Spektren diskutiert. — Über 2.7‐Disubstitutionen in der Phenanthren‐Reihe durch elektrophile Substitution des 9.10‐Dihydro‐phenanthrens, z. B. Chlormethylierung zu 3, wird berichtet.
Anlagerung von Basen an 3‐Nitro‐N‐methyl‐chinoliniumjodid
Authors: Severin Theodor , Bätz Dieter , Lerche Holger 
Published: June 2007

AbstractBei der Reduktion von 3‐Nitro‐N‐methyl‐chinoliniumjodid (1a) mit Natriumborhydrid erhält man nebeneinander die 1.2‐Dihydroverbindung 4a und die 1.4‐Dihydroverbindung 5a. 4a läßt sich in 5a umlagern. Der Mechanismus dieser Wasserstoffverschiebung ist noch nicht geklärt. Anionen CH‐acider Verbindungen, Hydroxyl‐ und Alkoholat‐Ionen sowie Amine werden von 1a in 4‐Stellung addiert.
Chemie des 1.2.4‐Triazins, VIII. Synthesen von kondensierten 1.2.4‐Triazinen, 2
Authors: Sasaki Tadashi , Minamoto Katsumaro , Fukuda Shunji 
Published: June 2007

AbstractAus 3.5‐Dimercapto‐1.2.4‐triazinen (1) wurden die 5‐Thioxo‐5.6‐dihydro‐s‐triazolo[4.3‐d]‐as‐triazine 3a–e hergestellt. Einige davon wurden mit Methyljodid und Ammoniak zu 5‐Methylmercapto‐ (4) und 5‐Amino‐Analogen (6), 3d über die 5‐Hydrazino‐Verbindung 8 zur 5‐unsubstituierten Verbindung 9 umgesetzt.
Peptidsynthesen mit O‐Carbamoyl‐tyrosin‐Derivaten
Authors: Jäger Georg , Geiger Rolf , Siedel Walter 
Published: June 2007

AbstractCarbamoyl‐Reste eignen sich als O‐Schutzgruppen des Tyrosins. Sie werden mit nucleophilen Reagentien schonend abgespalten und sind gegen Protonensolvolyse und Hydrogenolyse stabil. Bei Peptidsynthesen erfolgt kein Angriff der Aminokomponente auf die Schutzgruppe.
Ketosylamin‐Umlagerung bei der Umsetzung von D‐Fructose mit Pyrrolidin
Authors: Heyns Kurt , Pflughaupt Karl‐Werner , Müller Dietrich 
Published: June 2007

AbstractDurch Umsetzung von D‐Fructose mit Pyrrolidin und Ketosylamin‐Umlagerung wird 2‐Pyrrolidino‐2‐desoxy‐D‐glucose (2) erhalten. Die D‐gluco‐Konfiguration von 2, wird durch Analyse der NMR‐Spektren des Tetraacetats 4 und des Tetrabenzoates 5 bewiesen. Der massenspektrometrische Fragmentierungsmechanismus des Tetraacetates 4 wird mit den Fragmentierungswegen anderer Aminozucker verglichen.
Zur Frage der Stabilisierung von Sulfonylium‐Kationen
Authors: Lindner Ekkehard , Weber Helmut 
Published: June 2007

AbstractOrganosulfonylium‐Kationen lassen sich selbst durch starke Lewis‐Säuren nur dann stabilisieren, wenn der Schwefel, bei aromatischen Systemen unter Beteiligung von chinoiden Grenzformen, seine positive Ladung auf den Organorest übertragen kann. So gelingt gemäß Gl. (1) aus p ‐(CH3)2NC6H4SO2Cl (1) (mit dem als starkem Elektronendonator fungierenden (CH3)2N‐Rest) und den wasserfreien Silberhexafluorokomplexen Ag[MF6] (M = Sb (2), As (3), P (4)) in flüssigem SO2 die Darstellung der (für M = Sb (2) bis Raumtemperatur) beständigen, aber sehr hygroskopischen Verbindungen 5, 6 und 7. Leitfähigkeitsmessungen sowie IR‐ und elektronenspektroskopische Untersuchungen ergaben, daß insbesondere 5 und 6 ionogen gebaut und damit als Sulfonylium‐Komplexe aufzufassen sind.
Über einige siliciumorganische Derivate des S.S‐Dimethylsulfodiimins
Authors: Appel Rolf , Siekmann Lothar , Hoppen Hans‐Otto 
Published: June 2007

AbstractDie Darstellung von drei siliciumorganischen Derivaten des Dimethylsulfodiimins, darunter zwei Cyclosilazane, wird beschrieben. Die Eigenschaften der neuen Verbindungen werden mitgeteilt.
Phosphororganische Verbindungen, 58. Anodische Oxydation einiger Phosphor‐, Arsen‐ und Antimon‐Verbindungen mit drei Liganden
Authors: Horner Leopold , Haufe Jürgen 
Published: June 2007

AbstractDie Oxydationspotentiale einer Reihe von Triarylphosphinen, von Triphenylarsin und Triphenylstibin werden polarographisch bestimmt. Bei der potentiostatisch durchgeführten Oxydation einiger Triarylphosphine und von Triphenylarsin im präparativen Maßstab an der Quecksilberanode entstehen Quecksilberkomplexe der Zusammensetzung (R3X)2Hg(ClO4)2 (X = P bzw. As).
Reaktionen an Indolderivate, VI. Umlagerungen und Cyclisierungen substituierter Harmanderivate
Authors: Winterfeldt Ekkehard , Franzischka Wolfgang 
Published: June 2007

AbstractDie Anwendungsbreite und der vorgeschlagene Mechanismus zur Umlagerung von 1‐Allyl‐und 1‐Propargyl‐tetrahydro‐norharmanen werden an einigen Modellen untersucht. Bei geeigneter Substitution der Doppelbindung folgt der Umlagerung eine stereospezifische Cyclisierung zu pentacyclischen Indolderivaten.
Die Kristallstrukturen der Alkalihydrogenacetylide MCCH (M  Na, K, Rb) und ‐propinylide MCCCH3 (M  Na, K)
Authors: Weiss Erwin , Plass Heinrich 
Published: June 2007

AbstractDie Kristallstrukturen der Alkalihydrogenacetylide MC  CH (M  Na, K, Rb) und ‐propinylide MCCCH3 (M  Na, K) wurden aus Pulverdaten röntgenographisch bestimmt. Alle Verbindungen bilden Schichtenstrukturen mit tetragonalen Elementarzellen (Raumgruppe P 4/nmm). Dabei stehen die stäbchenförmigen Acetylid‐ bzw. Propinylidgruppen senkrecht zu den Schichtebenen mit ihren H‐ bzw. CH3‐Gruppen auf den Schichtaußenseiten und den Metallionen in Verlängerung der CC‐Gruppen im Schichtinneren. Jedes Metallion ist außerdem von vier nächsten antiparallelen Acetylidgruppen umgeben und verschiebt sich mit steigender Größe des Metallions zunehmend in die Einschnürungen dieser CC‐Gruppen.
Untersuchungen in der 1.3.4.5‐Tetrahydro‐2‐benzothiepin‐Reihe
Authors: Böhme Horst , Haack Bernd 
Published: June 2007

AbstractAus γ‐Phenyl‐propylmercaptan, aliphatischen Aldehyden und Chlorwasserstoff entstehen [α‐Chlor‐alkyl]‐[γ‐phenyl‐propyl]‐sulfide 2, die mit Aluminiumchlorid unter Ringschluß zu 1.3.4.5‐Tetrahydro‐2‐benzothiepinen 3, reagieren. 1‐Chlor‐1.3.4.5‐tetrahydro‐2‐benzothiepin (3e), durch Einwirkung von Chlor auf 3a, gewonnen, liefert mit Alkyl‐ oder Arylmagnesium‐halogeniden 1‐Alkyl‐ bzw. 1‐Aryl‐1.3.4.5‐tetrahydro‐2‐benzothiepine (3b, 3c, 3d), mit Alkoholen 1‐Alkoxy‐1.3.4.5‐tetrahydro‐2‐benzothiepine (z. B. 3f) und mit Quecksilber(II)‐cyanid 1‐Cyan‐1.3.4.5‐tetrahydro‐2‐benzothiepin (3g), dessen Verseifung zur Carbonsäure 3h führt.
Über die Darstellung von Fluorderivaten der Dithiophosphorsäure
Authors: Roesky Herbert W. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractUmsetzungen von Thiophosphorylfluoriddichlorid mit Methyl‐ bzw. Äthylmercaptan, Natriummethylat bzw. ‐äthylat und Dimethyl‐ bzw. Diäthylamin führten zu 15 neuen Verbindungen (RCH3 und C2H5) des Typs magnified image IR‐, 31P‐, 19F‐, 1H‐NMR‐, Massenspektren, Dichten, Brechungsindizes, Molekularrefraktionen und molare Refraktionsprodukte werden mitgeteilt.
Polyacetylenverbindungen, 156. Struktur und Synthese der Acetylenverbindungen aus Erodiophyllum elderi F. v. Müller
Authors: Bohlmann Ferdinand , Zdero Christa , Niedballa Ulrich 
Published: June 2007

AbstractAus einer Erodiophyllum‐Art isoliert man mehrere biogenetisch interessante Diacetylenverbindungen, die im Hinblick auf die Biogenese des in diesem Tribus weitverbreiteten Lachnophyllumesters wichtig sind. Durch Synthese werden die Strukturen sichergestellt.