bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between system immune-inflammation index and the risk of all-cause, cancer, and non-cancer mortality in the general population: Results from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2018
Authors: Wu Siyu , Liu Zhao , Li Xing , Gao Shan , Si Zhaoqi , Chen Quan , Xia Peng 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background Cancer is a major global public health issue and the second leading cause of death globally following cardiovascular disease. Inflammation plays an essential role in the progression of cancer. The system immune-inflammation index (SII) was recognized as an accurate biomarker reflecting immunoinflammatory status. This study aimed to identify the association between SII with all-cause, cancer and non-cancer mortality among general population in the United States.Methods 25,955 participants (≥ 18 years) were included from 2005–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and were divided into four groups according to the SII quartiles. Weighted multivariate Cox regression was used to assess the correlation between SII and mortality. Subgroup analyses were conducted to identify the effects of other covariates on the relationship between SII and mortality. A restricted cubic spline (RCS) model was subsequently used to explore the dose-response relationship between SII and mortality. Survival analysis was assessed using Kaplan-Meier method.Results In fully adjusted model, the adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of individuals in Q4, which indicated the highest immunoinflammatory level, were 1.24 (1.09, 1.41) for all-cause mortality and 1.41 (1.23, 1.63) for non-cancer mortality compared with Q1. Besides, the aHR and 95% CIs in Q2 of SII were 0.70 (0.50, 0.99) and in Q3 were 0.68 (0.52, 0.87) compared with Q1 for cancer mortality. In RCS analysis, non-linear relationships of J-shaped curves were observed in the association between SII with all-cause and non-cancer mortality. Additionally, a U-shaped curve was identified between SII and cancer mortality with a threshold value of 445.22.Conclusion Our findings imply that SII can serve as a potential prognosis indicator among general population. Elevated SII is associated with higher all-cause and non-cancer mortality. Besides, both lower and higher SII can serve as predictive factors for cancer mortality.
Cultural Competence and Associated Factors Among Nurses Working in Public Hospitals of South Wollo Zone, Northeast Ethiopia: A multi-center Cross-sectional study
Authors: Zeleke Tekola Seid , Bazie Getaw Walle , Bekalu Yemane Eshetu , Wondifraw Endalik Bire , Birhanu Tarikua Afework , Wudu Muluken Amare 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: Enhancing cultural competence stands as a cornerstone in the realm of clinical nursing. Consequently, nurses engaging with culturally diverse communities encounter significant challenges. In Ethiopia, nurses providing care often prioritize physical well-being, the therapeutic journey, and medical interventions, while overlooking the critical cultural dimensions of patient care. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the level of cultural competence and its determining factors among nurses employed in public hospitals located in the South Wollo Zone of northeastern Ethiopia.
Methods: A multicenter, institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted, involving 629 nurses employed in public hospitals across northeastern Ethiopia. Participants were selected using a simple random sampling method. Data were gathered using a structured, self-administered English version of the Nurse Cultural Competence Scale Questionnaire (NCCSQ), and subsequently entered into Epi-data 4.6 for analysis. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 26, employing multiple linear regression analysis to identify determining factors.
Result: The participants' overall mean score for cultural competence was 3.198 [95% CI: 3.161, 3.234]. Specifically, factors such as being a female nurse (β = .089, CI: .019–.159), educational level (β = -.084, CI: -.101, -.007), work experience (β = .412, CI: .09–.815), nurse-to-patient ratio (β = 0.081, CI: 0.010–.162), experience with caring for culturally and ethnically diverse patients (β = 0.362, CI: .248–.476), hospital level (β = .699, CI: .496–.903), and attending cultural training (β = .002, CI: .234-.931) were influential in determining the mean score of cultural competence.
Conclusion: In this study, the level of cultural competence was found to be at a moderate level and need more effort. Factors such as gender, years of work experience, nurse-to-patient ratio, experience in caring for culturally and ethnically diverse patients, hospital level, educational attainment, attendance of cultural training, and the presence of a feedback system for cultural competence were identified as predictors of cultural competence level. Sharing experiences from higher-level hospitals to lower-level ones and strengthening cultural competence training sessions for nurses can significantly enhance cultural competence within clinical settings.
An update on non-aureus staphylococci and mammaliicocci in cow milk: unveiling the presence of Staphylococcus borealis and Staphylococcus rostri by MALDI-TOF MS
Authors: Penati Martina , Ulloa Fernando , Locatelli Clara , Monistero Valentina , Pavesi Laura Filippone , Piccinini Renata , Moroni Paolo , Bronzo Valerio , Addis Maria Filippa 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Non-aureus staphylococci and mammaliicocci (NASM) are microorganisms most frequently isolated from milk. Given their numerosity and complexity, MALDI-TOF MS is one of the preferred species identification approaches. Nevertheless, reference mass spectra for the novel species Staphylococcus borealis were included only recently in the Bruker Biotyper System (MBT) library, and other species of veterinary interest such as S. rostri are still absent. This work provides an updated picture of the NASM species found in milk, gained by retrospectively analyzing the data relating to 21,864 milk samples, of which 6,278 from clinical mastitis (CM), 4,039 from subclinical mastitis (SCM), and 11,547 from herd survey (HS), with a spectrum library including both species. As a result, S. borealis was the second most frequently isolated NASM (17.07%) after S. chromogenes (39.38%) in all sample types, with a slightly higher percentage in CM (21.84%), followed by SCM (17.65%), and HS (14.38%). S. rostri was also present in all sample types (3.34%), reaching 8.43% of all NASM in SCM and showing a significant association (p < 0.01) with this condition. Based on our findings, the presence of S. borealis and S. rostri in milk and their potential association with mastitis has been overlooked, possibly due to the difficulties in differentiating these species from other closely related NASM. Our results indicate that S. borealis might be a more frequent contributor to bovine udder infections than previously thought and that S. rostri should also not be underestimated considering its significant association with SCM.
Integrated Evaluation of Clinical Reproductive Potential Post Embryo Transfer Using Raman Metabolic Spectroscopy of Multistage Culture Medium
Authors: Zhang Shouxin , Jiao Guangzhong , Liang Bo , Yan Wei , Zhang Luping , Huang Shan , Zhang Jun , Kong Lingyin , Bao Hongchu , Liu Xiaoyan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Utilizing Raman spectroscopy detection technique for assessing the clinical pregnancy outcomes following in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET).
Methods
A total of 76 couples took part in the research. During their infertility treatment, culture medium samples were collected from 76 embryos (40 pregnancy and 36 non-pregnancy) at both the D3 and D5 stages. In total, 747 Raman spectra were recorded from these samples. The statistical analysis results were evaluated using accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, and Area Under the Curve(AUC) to assess the classification performance of the fusion analysis model. The biochemical analysis results involved comparing the significant differences in spectral signal intensities of embryo metabolites corresponding to different pregnancy outcomes.
Results
This study established a fusion analysis model based on Raman spectroscopy data for predicting the pregnancy potential of embryos. The combination model employing Hilbert-PCA, spectrogram concatenation fusion, and SVM achieved an accuracy of over 93%. Furthermore, the statistical analysis results indicated significant differences in Raman spectroscopy features obtained from culture medium samples of embryos with varying pregnancy potentials.
Conclusions
This study utilized non-invasive Raman spectroscopy technology to analyze the metabolic spectra of culture medium across multiple developmental stages. By establishing a fusion analysis model, high-precision prediction of embryo pregnancy potential was achieved.
Trial registration:
This study, with ethical review number 2021 − 384, was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Yuhuangding Hospital, affiliated with Qingdao University.
Analysis on the clinical correlation of lens parameters and choroidal thickness with the severity of primary angle closure disease
Authors: Senthilkumar Vijayalakshmi , Borikar Sayali , Gandhi Niyati Pankaj , Mani Iswarya , Rajendrababu Sharmila 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the correlation of lens parameters and choroidal thickness(RCS) with the severity of primary angle closure disease(PACD) and also to compare those parameters with the normal population.
Methods: Prospective, cross-sectional hospital-based study. A total of 86 subjects(162 eyes) including 71 study patients(132 eyes) and 15 age-matched controls(30 eyes) were included in the study.The parameters studied were anterior chamber depth(ACD),lens thickness(LT),anterior vault(AV),lens axial factor(LAF),lens position(LP),relative lens position(RLP),lens vault(LV) and RCS thickness.
Results: The mean ACD was significantly shallow in all subtypes of PACG (mean±SD =2.53±0.34mm) compared to controls (4.05±0.16; p=0.0001). Likewise, the mean lens thickness was more in all subtypes of PACD (mean ± SD=4.67 ± 0.26mm) than in normal controls (4.17±0.17mm; p=0.0001). Additionally, PACD patients had higher LV (mean±SD=1174.29±247.87) than in controls (778.23±37.95; p=0.0001), particularly in eyes with AACG (1328.86±77.13). Other biometric parameters like AV, LAF, LP, RLP and RCS thickness revealed a statistically significant difference in PACD compared to the control population(p<0.00001). Pairwise comparison also revealed significant difference in all ocular biometric parameters in AACG compared to other subtypes of PACD.
Conclusion: Lens parameters and choroidal thickness correlated significantly with the severity of PACD.Additionally, patients with AACG represented the most severe variety of PACD with significantly increased LV, critically shallow ACD, much anteriorly placed lens with relatively short AL and increased RCS thickness. Our study highlights the interplay of multiple ocular biometric parameters with the disease severity, suggesting the individualised surgical options in patients with PACD.
scCDX: enhancing cancer driver gene identification and model interpretability with single-cell RNA sequencing data and extreme gradient boosting
Authors: Lee Kyungwook , Kim Jooyeon , Kim Tae Yong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: Identifying cancer driver genes is a key step toward better understanding the molecular mechanism of cancers, which kill countless people worldwide. In recent years, numerous computational methods using biological data and networks have been developed for cancer driver gene identification. However, despite the rising number of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data, none of the existing computational approaches have made use of scRNA-seq data. Moreover, it has been reported that deep learning models do not always outperform other machine learning models when applied to tabular data. Therefore, the current task of utilizing omics features, which can be presented in a tabular format, requires experimentation with various models to determine the best one.
Results: In this study, we propose scCDX, extreme gradient boosting-based cancer driver gene identification method utilizing scRNA-seq data as well as bulk multi-omics data, topological feature in protein-protein interaction network, and systems-level features from various databases. The experimental results reveal that scCDX provides superior performance compared to graph neural network (GNN)-based state-of-the-art methods for cancer driver gene identification. The baselines were also retrained using the same features to ensure a fair evaluation, as they were trained on different set of features. The experimental results demonstrate that scCDX consistently outperforms, indicating that GNN-based deep learning is unnecessary. Furthermore, the scCDX prediction results were interpreted using the Shapley additive explanation method, which illustrates the contribution of each feature to the output.
Conclusions: The study results suggest that selecting the appropriate model based on feature characteristics can achieve better performance than deep learning-based methods. Additionally, demonstrating the ability to interpret the model at the cell type level using high-resolution data, which was previously impossible, can ensure model reliability.
Early Second Trimester HSV-2 Infection detection in an 18 weeks fetus; Case Report
Authors: Boroomand-Saboor Melika , Gerami Reza 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: Herpes Simplex Virus type 2 (HSV-2), is mainly linked to genital herpes infections. Also, Maternal HSV-2 infections during pregnancy pose increased risks, particularly when diagnosed in the third trimester, leading to unfavorable outcomes for the fetus and rarly detected in early second trimester of pregnancy.
Case Presenation: We present a case of HSV-2 infection in an 18-week fetus in previously healthy mother, the patient's ultrasound findings, diagnostic evaluations, and subsequent management and oucome.
Conclusion: This case underscores the challenges associated with mid-trimester intrauterine infections and prompts diagnosis based on ultrasound and echocardiography findings.
Factors associated with malnutrition among children under five years in Mogadishu, Somalia: A multicenter cross-sectional study
Authors: Tahlil Abdullahi Ahmed , Osman Marian Muse , Hassan Yahye Sheikh Abdulle , Hussein Saadaq Adan , Umeokonkwo Chukwuma David , Mohamed Mohamed Abdelrahman 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: Malnutrition is a major public health problem in low- and middle-income countries, including Somalia. Identifying the unique factors associated with malnutrition in each location helps effective and targeted interventions. We assessed the factors associated with protein-energy malnutrition among children under five years old in Mogadishu, Somalia to provide evidence for its control.
Methods: A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted among 1203 child mother pairs who met the inclusion criteria from selected health facilities in Mogadishu, Somalia. A structured questionnaire and anthropometric measurements were used to obtain information from the child-caregiver pair following the WHO guidelines. The Z scores of weight-for-age, height-for-age, and weight-for-height were calculated using the WHO Anthro. The prevalence of wasting, stunting and underweight were estimated and associated factors were identified using binary logistic regression at a 95% confidence interval.
Results: The mean age of the children was 26.1±16.1 months, 59.7% were male and 51.3% were aged 0-23 months. The prevalence of wasting was 66.5% (95%CI: 60.5-72.5) out of which 20.9% (95%CI: 18.3-23.5) were moderately and 45.6% (95%CI: 42.2-49.0) were severely wasted. The prevalence of stunting was 64.8% (95%CI: 58.1-71.5), (25.2%, 95% CI: 22.0-28.4) were moderately and (39.6%, 95% CI: 36.1-43.1) were severely stunted. Similarly, 64.8% (95%CI: 58.5-71.1) were underweight, 21.7% (95%CI: 19.0-24.4) were moderately underweight and 43.1% (95% CI: 39.5-46.7) were severely underweight. Being male (aOR: 1.4, 95%CI:1.07-2.15), mothers attaining tertiary education (aOR: 0.1, 95%CI: 0.01-0.20) were associated with wasting, being male (aOR: 2.0, 95%CI: 1.61-2.96), aged 36-59 months (aOR:3.4, 95%CI: 2.26-5.21), being 5-6 birth order (aOR: 4.6, 95%CI: 2.45-8.74) and being of low-income family (aOR: 1.7, 95%CI: 1.16-2.57) were associated with stunting and being male (aOR: 6.0, 95%CI: 4.28-8.49), mothers age 40-49 years (aOR: 0.2, 95%CI: 0.14-0.37) were associated with underweight among the children.
Conclusions: The prevalence of wasting, stunting and underweight was high. Age of the child, birth order, birth intervals, number of children, mother's age at birth, mother's education, father's education, marital status, mother's occupation, father's occupation, family type, and family income were associated with malnutrition.
Emerging evidence for the Prominent correlation between the transcription of P4HB gene and pregnancy outcomes as well as embryonic development
Authors: Wang Liyao , Qi Wenhui , Lian Weiguang , Xie Ying , Liu Chao , Fan Xuemei , Xu Jingwei , Gong Shasha , Wu Mei , Su Libo 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: Prolyl 4-hydroxylase beta polypeptide, encoded by the P4HB gene, belongs to the protein disulfide isomerases family, implicated in multiple risk factor biological processes related to the occurrence of adverse pregnancy outcomes and embryonic development. Changes in P4HB gene expression play an important role in pathophysiologic processes. Little is known about the regulation of the endogenous P4HB gene, especially through selective splicing. In the present study, we investigated the distribution of P4HB splice variants and the association of P4HB transcription with adverse pregnancy and embryonic development.
Methods: Real-time quantitative PCR was used to detect the relative mRNA expression of the P4HB gene in the adverse pregnancy population versus the control population. P4HB gene heterozygous deletion C57BL/6J mice were constructed and analyzed for P4HB difference-associated DEGs using transcriptome sequencing, followed by GO and KEGG enrichment analysis. Sequence characteristics of the predicted encoding protein transcripts of the P4HB gene were analyzed and primers were designed. RT-PCR was applied to identify different transcripts of the P4HB gene in adverse pregnancy and control populations.
Results: The increased transcription of P4HB in the adverse pregnancy outcomes population. P4HB (AUC = 0.627) showed high in-sample predictive performance for APO risk in pregnant women.
homozygous deletion of the P4HB gene leads to embryonic lethality in mice. Diminished transcription levels of P4HB impacts multiple biological processes according to the study conducted on mice with heterozygous deletion of the P4HB gene. In this paper, we report 17 protein-coding transcripts of the P4HB gene. Expression of transcripts P4HB-201 and P4HB-203 was detected in populations. There was no statistically significant difference in P4HB-203/P4HB-201 expression in the adverse pregnancy group compared to the control group.
Conclusions:
Our results indicate that there is a clinical correlation between the expression level of the P4HB gene and the occurrence of APOs. Decreased transcription levels of P4HB lead to differences in many biological functions including nucleic acid binding capacity, neurodevelopmental function, substance metabolism. In this study, the presence of P4HB-203 was detected for the first time in human peripheral blood. Transcript P4HB-201 and transcript P4HB-203 were expressed in both adverse pregnancy and control populations.
A Comparison of Native and Immigrant Female Students’ Genital Hygiene Behaviors: a Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: İÇKE Sibel , ÇİFÇİ Sema 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Genital hygiene behaviors are the care practices that individuals have developed with their knowledge, beliefs and habits. These behaviors and care practices may vary between individuals. The World Health Organization defines the 15–24 age group as youth, which includes young women of university age. This study aimed to compare the genital hygiene behaviors of native and immigrant female students enrolled in nonhealth departments at Mardin Artuklu University.
Methods
The study population consisted of female students (n = 5970) enrolled in nonhealth departments at Mardin Artuklu University. The sample size of the study was determined using power analysis and G*Power software. Each group (the immigrant group and the native group) comprised 165 individuals, with 330 individuals in total. The data collection tool consisted of two sections. The first section included a sociodemographic characteristics questionnaire, while the second section utilized the Genital Hygiene Behaviors Scale.
Results
The mean age of the students who participated in the study was 23.02 ± 4.42 years (Min: 17, Max: 50). The mean age of the native students was 23.12 ± 4.27 years (Min: 17, Max: 48), while the mean age of the immigrant students was 23.06 ± 4.72 years (Min: 18, Max: 50). Variables such as age group, income status, marital status, family type, social security, method of genital area cleansing, materials used, frequency of bathing, method of genital cleaning, underwear fabric, washing method, color, habit of hand washing before toilet use, regular menstruation, and presence of foul-smelling discharge were identified to create differences in terms of genital hygiene behaviors.
Conclusions
The scores on the Genital Hygiene Behaviors Scale for both native and immigrant students are not at the desired level. The general idea is that some sociodemographic characteristics and habits related to genital hygiene influence genital hygiene behaviors. To prevent reproductive health problems in both native and immigrant students at later ages, they should receive regular education on this topic.