bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CACS, CCTA and mCAD‐LT score in the pre‐transplant assessment of coronary artery disease and the prediction of post‐transplant cardiovascular events
Authors: Pagano Giulia , Sastre Lydia , Blasi Annabel , Brugaletta Salvatore , Mestres Judit , Martinez‐Ocon Julia , Ortiz‐Pérez Jose T. , Viñals Clara , Prat‐Gonzàlez Susanna , Rivas Eva , Perea Rosario J. , Rodriguez‐Tajes Sergio , Muxí África , Ortega Emilio , Doltra Ada , Ruiz Pablo , Vidal Bàrbara , Martínez‐Palli Graciela , Colmenero Jordi , Crespo Gonzalo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe optimal cardiovascular assessment of liver transplant (LT) candidates is unclear. We aimed to evaluate the performance of CT‐based coronary tests (coronary artery calcium score [CACS] and coronary CT angiography [CCTA]) and a modification of the CAD‐LT score (mCAD‐LT, excluding family history of CAD) to diagnose significant coronary artery disease (CAD) before LT and predict the incidence of post‐LT cardiovascular events (CVE).MethodsWe retrospectively analysed a single‐centre cohort of LT candidates who underwent non‐invasive tests; invasive coronary angiography (ICA) was performed depending on the results of non‐invasive tests. mCAD‐LT was calculated in all patients.ResultsSix‐hundred‐and‐thirty‐four LT candidates were assessed and 351 of them underwent LT. CACS, CCTA and ICA were performed in 245, 123 and 120 LT candidates, respectively. Significant CAD was found in 30% of patients undergoing ICA. The AUROCs of mCAD‐LT (.722) and CCTA (.654) were significantly higher than that of CACS (.502) to predict the presence of significant CAD. Specificity of the tests ranged between 31% for CCTA and 53% for CACS. Among patients who underwent LT, CACS ≥ 400 and mCAD‐LT were independently associated with the incidence of CVE; in patients who underwent CCTA before LT, significant CAD at CCTA also predicted post‐LT CVE.ConclusionIn this cohort, mCAD‐LT score and CT‐based tests detect the presence of significant CAD in LT candidates, although they tend to overestimate it. Both mCAD‐LT score and CT‐based tests classify LT recipients according to their risk of post‐LT CVE and can be used to improve post‐LT risk mitigation.
Natural airway as an alternative to intubation for pediatric endoscopic esophageal foreign body removal: A retrospective cohort study of 326 patients
Authors: Lonsdale Hannah , Rodriguez Kurt , Shargo Ryan , Ekblad Morgan , Brown Jerry M. , Dolan Isabella , Fierstein Jamie L. , Miller Alexandra , Dey Aditi , Peck Jacquelin , Rehman Mohamed A. , Wilsey Michael J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundAnesthesia is required for endoscopic removal of esophageal foreign bodies (EFBs) in children. Historically, endotracheal intubation has been the de facto gold standard for airway management in these cases. However, as more elective endoscopic procedures are now performed under propofol sedation with natural airway, there has been a move toward using similar Monitored Anesthesia Care (MAC) for select patients who require endoscopic removal of an EFB.MethodsIn this single‐center retrospective cohort study, we compared endoscopic EFB removal with either MAC or endotracheal intubation. Descriptive statistics summarized factors stratified by initial choice of airway technique, including intra‐ and postanesthesia complications and the frequency of mid‐procedure conversion to endotracheal intubation in those initially managed with MAC. To demonstrate the magnitude of associations between these factors and the anesthesiologist's choice of airway technique, univariable Firth logistic and quantile regressions were used to estimate odds ratios (95% CI) and beta coefficients (95% CI).ResultsFrom the initial search, 326 patients were identified. Among them, 23% (n = 75) were planned for intubation and 77% (n = 251) were planned for MAC. Three patients (0.9%) who were initially planned for MAC required conversion to endotracheal intubation after induction. Two (0.6%) of these children were admitted to the hospital after the procedure and treated for ongoing airway reactivity. No patient experienced reflux of gastric contents to the mouth or dislodgement of the foreign body to the airway, and no patient required administration of vasoactive medications or cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Patients had higher odds that the anesthesiologist chose to utilize MAC if the foreign body was a coin (OR, 3.3; CI, 1.9–5.7, p < .001) or if their fasting time was >6 h. Median total operating time was 15 min greater in intubated patients (11 vs. 26 min, p < .001).ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that MAC may be considered for select pediatric patients undergoing endoscopic removal of EFB, especially those who have ingested coins, who do not have reactive airways, who have fasted for >6 h, and in whom the endoscopic procedure is expected to be short and uncomplicated. Prospective multi‐site studies are needed to confirm these findings.
The bottom 20 percent: early career paths of youth with low grade point average
Authors: Hansen Jorgen , Kristensen Nicolai 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAcross nations, large proportions of younger birth cohorts obtain no professional qualifications. Using rich administrative data from Denmark and a semi‐structural dynamic approach, we analyze different policies targeted towards young people who leave grade 9 with a grade point average in the bottom quintile. We find that preparatory courses, offered to students who are unable to commence a qualifying degree, have no positive impact on future labor market outcomes. Further, unobserved heterogeneity is more important for this group than are cognitive skills. Our results show that education is a good option for many, but not for all.
Free resolutions for free unitary quantum groups and universal cosovereign Hopf algebras
Authors: Baraquin Isabelle , Franz Uwe , Gerhold Malte , Kula Anna , Tobolski Mariusz 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe find a finite free resolution of the counit of the free unitary quantum groups of van Daele and Wang and, more generally, Bichon's universal cosovereign Hopf algebras with a generic parameter matrix. This allows us to compute Hochschild cohomology with one‐dimensional coefficients for all these Hopf algebras. In fact, the resolutions can be endowed with a Yetter–Drinfeld structure. General results of Bichon then allow us to compute also the corresponding bialgebra cohomologies. Finding the resolution rests on two pillars. We take as a starting point the resolution for the free orthogonal quantum group presented by Collins, Härtel, and Thom or its algebraic generalization to quantum symmetry groups of bilinear forms due to Bichon. Then, we make use of the fact that the free unitary quantum groups and some of its non‐Kac versions can be realized as a glued free product of a (non‐Kac) free orthogonal quantum group with , the finite group of order 2. To obtain the resolution also for more general universal cosovereign Hopf algebras, we extend Gromada's proof from compact quantum groups to the framework of matrix Hopf algebras. As a by‐product of this approach, we also obtain a projective resolution for the freely modified bistochastic quantum groups. Only a special subclass of free unitary quantum groups and universal cosovereign Hopf algebras decompose as a glued free product in the described way. In order to verify that the sequence we found is a free resolution in general (as long as the parameter matrix is generic, two conditions which are automatically fulfilled in the free unitary quantum group case), we use the theory of Hopf bi‐Galois objects and Bichon's results on monoidal equivalences between the categories of Yetter–Drinfeld modules over universal cosovereign Hopf algebras for different parameter matrices.
Deep profiling of potential substrate atlas of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus 3C-like protease
Authors: Zhou Junwei , Sun Peng , Wang Yuanqing , Qiu Runhui , Yang Zhixiang , Guo Jiahui , Li Zhuang , Xiao Shaobo , Fang Liurong 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Coronavirus (CoV) 3C-like protease (3CL
pro
) is essential for viral replication and is involved in immune escape by proteolyzing host proteins. Deep profiling the 3CL
pro
substrates in the host proteome extends our understanding of viral pathogenesis and facilitates antiviral drug discovery. Here, 3CL
pro
from porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), an enteropathogenic CoV, was used as a model which to identify the potential 3CL
pro
cleavage motifs in all porcine proteins. We characterized the selectivity of PEDV 3CL
pro
at sites P5–P4′. We then compiled the 3CL
pro
substrate preferences into a position-specific scoring matrix and developed a 3CL
pro
profiling strategy to delineate the protein substrate landscape of CoV 3CL
pro
. We identified 1,398 potential targets in the porcine proteome containing at least one putative cleavage site and experimentally validated the reliability of the substrate degradome. The PEDV 3CL
pro
-targeted pathways are involved in mRNA processing, translation, and key effectors of autophagy and the immune system. We also demonstrated that PEDV 3CL
pro
suppresses the type 1 interferon (IFN-I) cascade
via
the proteolysis of multiple signaling adaptors in the retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) signaling pathway. Our composite method is reproducible and accurate, with an unprecedented depth of coverage for substrate motifs. The 3CL
pro
substrate degradome establishes a comprehensive substrate atlas that will accelerate the investigation of CoV pathogenicity and the development of anti-CoV drugs.

IMPORTANCE

Coronaviruses (CoVs) are major pathogens that infect humans and animals. The 3C-like protease (3CL
pro
) encoded by CoV not only cleaves the CoV polyproteins but also degrades host proteins and is considered an attractive target for the development of anti-CoV drugs. However, the comprehensive characterization of an atlas of CoV 3CL
pro
substrates is a long-standing challenge. Using porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) 3CL
pro
as a model, we developed a method that accurately predicts the substrates of 3CL
pro
and comprehensively maps the substrate degradome of PEDV 3CL
pro
. Interestingly, we found that 3CL
pro
may simultaneously degrade multiple molecules responsible for a specific function. For instance, it cleaves at least four adaptors in the RIG-I signaling pathway to suppress type 1 interferon production. These findings highlight the complexity of the 3CL
pro
substrate degradome and provide new insights to facilitate the development of anti-CoV drugs.
Particle dynamics in spherically symmetric electro-vacuum instantons
Authors: Garnier Arthur 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we study the geodesic motion in spherically symmetric electro-vacuum Euclidean solutions of the Einstein equation. There are two kinds of such solutions: the Euclidean Reissner–Nordström (ERN) metrics, and the Bertotti–Robinson-like (BR) metrics, the latter having constant Kretschmann scalar. First, we derive the motion equations for the ERN spacetime and we generalize the results of Battista–Esposito, showing that all orbits in as ERN spacetime are unbounded if and only if it has an event horizon. We also obtain the Weierstrass form of the polar radial motion, providing an efficient tool for numerical computations. We then study the angular deflection of orbits in the Euclidean Schwarzschild spacetime which, in contrast to the Lorentzian background, can be either positive or negative. We observe the presence of a null and a maximal deflection rings for particles with velocity at infinity $$v>1$$

v
>
1

and we give approximate values for their size when $$v > rsim 1.$$

v
≳
1
.

For BR spacetimes, we obtain analytic solutions for the radial motion in proper length, involving (hyperbolic) trigonometric functions and we deduce that orbits either exponentially go to the singularity or are periodic. Finally, we apply the previous results and use algorithms related to Weierstrass’ elliptic functions to produce a Python code to plot orbits of the spacetimes ERN and BR, and draw “shadows” of the first ones, as it was already done before for classical black holes.
MILIP Binding to tRNAs Promotes Protein Synthesis to Drive Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Zheng Si Min , Feng Yu Chen , Zhu Qin , Li Ruo Qi , Yan Qian Qian , Teng Liu , Yue Yi Meng , Han Man Man , Ye Kaihong , Zhang Sheng Nan , Qi Teng Fei , Tang Cai Xia , Zhao Xiao Hong , Zhang Yuan Yuan , Xu Liang , Xu Ran , Xing Jun , Baker Mark , Liu Tao , Thorne Rick F. , Jin Lei , Preiss Thomas , Zhang Xu Dong , Cang Shundong , Gao Jin Nan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) have a poor prognosis due to the lack of effective molecular targets for therapeutic intervention. Here we found that the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) MILIP supports TNBC cell survival, proliferation, and tumorigenicity by complexing with transfer RNAs (tRNA) to promote protein production, thus representing a potential therapeutic target in TNBC. MILIP was expressed at high levels in TNBC cells that commonly harbor loss-of-function mutations of the tumor suppressor p53, and MILIP silencing suppressed TNBC cell viability and xenograft growth, indicating that MILIP functions distinctively in TNBC beyond its established role in repressing p53 in other types of cancers. Mechanistic investigations revealed that MILIP interacted with eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1 (eEF1α1) and formed an RNA-RNA duplex with the type II tRNAs tRNALeu and tRNASer through their variable loops, which facilitated the binding of eEF1α1 to these tRNAs. Disrupting the interaction between MILIP and eEF1α1 or tRNAs diminished protein synthesis and cell viability. Targeting MILIP inhibited TNBC growth and cooperated with the clinically available protein synthesis inhibitor omacetaxine mepesuccinate in vivo. Collectively, these results identify MILIP as an RNA translation elongation factor that promotes protein production in TNBC cells and reveal the therapeutic potential of targeting MILIP, alone and in combination with other types of protein synthesis inhibitors, for TNBC treatment.

Significance:
LncRNA MILIP plays a key role in supporting protein production in TNBC by forming complexes with tRNAs and eEF1α1, which confers sensitivity to combined MILIP targeting and protein synthesis inhibitors.
St. Jude Survivorship Portal: Sharing and Analyzing Large Clinical and Genomic Datasets from Pediatric Cancer Survivors
Authors: Matt Gavriel Y. , Sioson Edgar , Shelton Kyla , Wang Jian , Lu Congyu , Zaldivar Peraza Airen , Gangwani Karishma , Paul Robin , Reilly Colleen , Acić Aleksandar , Liu Qi , Sandor Stephanie R. , McLeod Clay , Patel Jaimin , Wang Fan , Im Cindy , Wang Zhaoming , Sapkota Yadav , Wilson Carmen L. , Bhakta Nickhill , Ness Kirsten K. , Armstrong Gregory T. , Hudson Melissa M. , Robison Leslie L. , Zhang Jinghui , Yasui Yutaka , Zhou Xin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Childhood cancer survivorship studies generate comprehensive datasets comprising demographic, diagnosis, treatment, outcome, and genomic data from survivors. To broadly share this data, we created the St. Jude Survivorship Portal (https://survivorship.stjude.cloud), the first data portal for sharing, analyzing, and visualizing pediatric cancer survivorship data. More than 1,600 phenotypic variables and 400 million genetic variants from more than 7,700 childhood cancer survivors can be explored on this free, open-access portal. Summary statistics of variables are computed on-the-fly and visualized through interactive and customizable charts. Survivor cohorts can be customized and/or divided into groups for comparative analysis. Users can also seamlessly perform cumulative incidence and regression analyses on the stored survivorship data. Using the portal, we explored the ototoxic effects of platinum-based chemotherapy, uncovered a novel association between mental health, age, and limb amputation, and discovered a novel haplotype in MAGI3 strongly associated with cardiomyopathy specifically in survivors of African ancestry.
Significance: The St. Jude Survivorship Portal is the first data portal designed to share and explore clinical and genetic data from childhood cancer survivors. The portal provides both open- and controlled-access features and will fulfill a wide range of data sharing needs of the survivorship research community and beyond.
Exploring Genetic Associations of 3 Types of Risk Factors With Ischemic Stroke: An Integrated Bioinformatics Study
Authors: Liu Yi , Wang Weili , Cui Xin , Lyu Jian , Xie Yanming 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
Ischemic stroke (IS) is a major cause of disability and mortality worldwide. Increasing evidence suggests a strong association between blood pressure, blood glucose, circulating lipids, and IS. Nonetheless, the genetic association of these 3 risk factors with IS remains elusive.

METHODS:
We screened genetic instruments related to blood pressure, blood glucose, and circulating lipids and paired them with IS genome-wide association study data to conduct Mendelian randomization analysis. Positive Mendelian randomization findings were then subjected to colocalization analysis. Subsequently, we utilized the Gene Expression Omnibus data set to perform differential expression analysis, aiming to identify differentially expressed associated genes. We determined the importance scores of these differentially expressed associated genes through 4 machine learning models and constructed a nomogram based on these findings.

RESULTS:

The combined results of the Mendelian randomization analysis indicate that blood pressure (systolic blood pressure: odds ratio [OR], 1.02 [95% CI, 1.01–1.02]; diastolic blood pressure: OR, 1.03 [95% CI, 1.03–1.04]) and some circulating lipids (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol: OR, 1.06 [95% CI, 1.01–1.12]; apoA1: OR, 0.95 [95% CI, 0.92–0.98]; apoB: OR, 1.05 [95% CI, 1.01–1.09]; eicosapentaenoic acid: OR, 2.36 [95% CI, 1.41–3.96]) have causal relationships with the risk of IS onset. We identified 73 genes that are linked to blood pressure and circulating lipids in the context of IS, and 16 are differentially expressed associated genes.
FURIN
,
MAN2A2
,
HDDC3
,
ALDH2
, and
TOMM40
were identified as feature genes for constructing the nomogram that provides a quantitative prediction of the risk of IS onset.

CONCLUSIONS:
This study indicates that there are causal links between blood pressure, certain circulating lipids, and the development of IS. The potential mechanisms underlying these causal relationships involve the regulation of lipid metabolism, blood pressure, DNA repair and methylation, cell apoptosis and autophagy, immune inflammation, and neuronal protection, among others.
Substituting Anthropomorphisms?
Authors: De Doncker Ellen 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
With the theological dimensions of the Septuagint (LXX) gaining interest, this paper focuses on anthropomorphisms—instances attributing human-like traits to God—as a noteworthy element of LXX-theology, where the avoidance of such attributions is considered indicative of a more transcendent conception of God. The article examines the anthropomorphism of God’s “mouth” in the Pentateuch, particularly the unique translation in Num 20:24. Doing so, the study reveals a discrepancy in translating the human and divine “mouth,” employing more literal equivalents for the former and less-literal equivalents for the latter, contributing to the characterization of LXX-Numbers as anti-anthropomorphic. The examination of Num 20:24, where a different Vorlage is posited, underscores the importance of meticulous analysis in understanding the Greek translation of anthropomorphisms, and suggests the need for nuanced assessments.
Do Adjectives Matter? Exploring the ‘Islamic’ in Constitutions and Constitutionalism(s)
Authors: Ali Shaheen Sardar , Kazmi Arjumand Bano , Kunnummal Ashraf 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This paper calls for a paradigm shift in the face of the remarkably common, but ultimately stereotypical and simplistic perceptions of ‘Islamic’ constitutions requiring all laws to conform to Shari’a. It problematizes the term ‘Islamic’ to describe disparate constitutions and constitutionalism(s) in Muslim majority countries demonstrating the plurality of ‘Islamic’ constitutions, locating this descriptor within varied socio-cultural, historical and political contexts of the Muslim world. Plural interpretations of the religious texts in Islam — i.e., the Qur’an and Sunna — and meanings of complex concepts — ‘Shari’a’ and ‘Islamic law’, are integral to Islam’s (legal) traditions. In Muslimmajority countries, a variety of constitutional texts, court decisions and state practices, demonstrate this plurality. We argue that use of ‘Islamic’ as a descriptor for heterogeneous constitutional texts, is a product of ‘realpolitik’ and deployed in this manner, un-nuanced, simplistic, and reductive of the dynamic and plural nature of Shari’a
Are Atmospheric Models Too Cold in the Mountains? The State of Science and Insights from the SAIL Field Campaign
Authors: Rudisill William , Rhoades Alan , Xu Zexuan , Feldman Daniel R. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Mountains play an outsized role in water resource availability, and the amount and timing of water they provide depend strongly on temperature. To that end, we ask the question: How well are atmospheric models capturing mountain temperatures? We synthesize results showing that high-resolution, regionally relevant climate models produce 2-m air temperature (T2m) measurements colder than what is observed (a “cold bias”), particularly in snow-covered midlatitude mountain ranges during winter. We find common cold biases in 44 studies across global mountain ranges, including single-model and multimodel ensembles. We explore the factors driving these biases and examine the physical mechanisms, data limitations, and observational uncertainties behind T2m. Our analysis suggests that the biases are genuine and not due to observation sparsity or resolution mismatches. Cold biases occur primarily on mountain peaks and ridges, whereas valleys are often warm biased. Our literature review suggests that increasing model resolution does not clearly mitigate the bias. By analyzing data from the Surface Atmosphere Integrated Field Laboratory (SAIL) field campaign in the Colorado Rocky Mountains, we test various hypotheses related to cold biases and find that local wind circulations, longwave (LW) radiation, and surface-layer parameterizations contribute to the T2m biases in this particular location. We conclude by emphasizing the value of coordinated model evaluation and development efforts in heavily instrumented mountain locations for addressing the root cause(s) of T2m biases and improving predictive understanding of mountain climates.