bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peculiar subcellular localization of Fas antigen in human and mouse spermatozoa
Authors: Starace Donatella , Muciaccia Barbara , Morgante Emanuela , Russo Matteo A. , Pensini Simona , D'agostino Angela , De Cesaris Paola , Filippini Antonio , Ziparo Elio , Riccioli Anna 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe highly polarized structure and function of mammalian spermatozoa dictate that these cells compartmentalize specific metabolic and signaling pathways to regions where they are needed. Fas was initially identified as membrane receptor for pro‐apoptotic signals, has been recently recognized as a molecule with pleiotropic functions. In this article, we provide evidence of a peculiar Fas localization: it is closely associated to the perinucleus, mainly at the level of the inner acrosomal membrane, as well as in the inner compartment of mitochondria. Immunoelectron microscopy and Western blot analysis indicated that intracellular Fas was associated with mitochondria in mouse epididymal spermatozoa. Accordingly, also in human ejaculated sperm, immunofluorescence analysis showed Fas localized in the middle piece of sperm flagellum where mitochondria are grouped. The potential functional implications of these findings are discussed. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Correlation of Sequence Block Lengths and Degree of Randomness with Melt Rheological Properties in PET/PEN Blends
Authors: Khonakdar Hossein Ali , Golriz Mahdi , Jafari Seyed‐Hassan , Wagenknecht Udo 
Published: March 2009

AbstractPET/PEN blends were prepared over the full composition range via a melt mixing process under various processing conditions. This resulted in transesterification reactions and formation of copolymer structures with various average sequence block lengths $(\bar L_{nPET} ,\;\bar L_{nPEN} )$ and degree of randomness (RD) determined by 1H NMR. It was seen that with an increase in time and temperature of mixing copolymer content (TEN%) and RD increased, whereas the $\bar L_{nPET}$, $\bar L_{nPEN}$ values were decreased. The differences in the extent of transreactions arising from different processing histories showed their systematic influence on rheological characteristics. Moreover due to progress of transreactions during the rheological measurements, convergence was seen in all the rheological characteristics at terminal zones in the high frequency regions. Similar convergence in the copolymer structural parameters was also obtained by NMR analysis. An increase in TEN% led to a systematic increase in viscosity of the blends. A decrease in the $\bar L_{nPET}$, $\bar L_{nPEN}$ values results in an increase in elasticity and relaxation time due to improvement of blend interface with increase in extent of copolymer formation.magnified image
Catalytic Chain Transfer (co‐)Polymerization: Unprecedented Polyisoprene CCG and a New Concept to Tune the Composition of a Statistical Copolymer
Authors: Valente Andreia , Zinck Philippe , Mortreux André , Visseaux Marc 
Published: March 2009

AbstractBorohydrido‐halflanthanidocene/dialkylmagnesium combinations are found to be powerful catalytic systems for the chain transfer polymerization of isoprene and its copolymerization with styrene. A behavior close to a lanthanide catalyzed polyisoprene chain growth on magnesium is reported. Transmetalation is further shown to occur in the course of the statistical copolymerization of isoprene and styrene. For the same monomer feed, the amount of styrene inserted in the copolymer can be increased by a factor 3 using 10 equiv. dialkylmagnesium versus 1 in the range of our experimental conditions. Chain transfer in the course of a metal catalyzed statistical copolymerization may thus be viewed as a new and original way for the control of the composition of a copolymer.magnified image
A Tcf4‐GFP reporter mouse model for monitoring effects of Apc mutations during intestinal tumorigenesis
Authors: Boman Bruce , Kopelovich Levy , Siracusa Linda D. , Zhang Tao , Henderson Kim , Cofer Zenobia , Buchberg Arthur M. , Fields Jeremy Z. , Otevrel Tomas 
Published: March 2009

AbstractApc mutations cause intestinal tumorigenesis through Tcf4 activation. However, direct techniques for studying Tcf4 activation in vivo are limited. Here, we describe the development of a Tcf4‐GFP reporter mouse model for directly studying Tcf4 activation. We first developed a GFP reporter construct (Tcf4‐GFP) and transfected it into SW480 cells that have constitutively activated Tcf4. Reporter activity increased 47‐fold. Next, we created transgenic (Tg) mice by transducing the construct into C57BL/6J mice. Fluorescence microscopy did not detect GFP in intestinal sections, but flow cytometry showed 5% of crypt cells to be GFP+. We then established cross‐bred mice (Tg × ApcMin/+), which have a germline Apc mutation and sustained Tcf4 activation. Here, fluorescence microscopy showed GFP+ cells at or near the base of normal‐appearing crypts. In adenomas, in which Apc is inactivated, GFP+ signal was even greater. Immunostaining for the Tcf4 target genes survivin (BIRC5) and cyclin D1 (CCND1) showed that their expression also paralleled GFP positivity. We conclude that GFP directly reports Tcf4 activation in vivo and tracks the predicted increases in Tcf4 activation that result from Apc inactivation, and that Apc mutation contributes to survivin and cyclin D1 overexpression through Tcf4 activation. Our Tcf4 mouse should be useful in studying the effects of chemopreventive agents on Wnt signaling and changes in proliferative crypt cell populations—including stem cells—during intestinal tumorigenesis. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Overexpression of degenerative spermatocyte homolog 1 up‐regulates the expression of cyclin D1 and enhances metastatic efficiency in esophageal carcinoma Eca109 cells
Authors: Zhou Wu , Ye Xiao‐Lei , Sun Zhi‐Jian , Ji Xiao‐Dan , Chen Hai‐Xiang , Xie Dong 
Published: March 2009

AbstractCyclin D1 plays a pivotal role in cell‐cycle transition through G1 phase. In this article, we found that Degenerative Spermatocyte Homolog 1 (DEGS1) up‐regulated the expression of cyclin D1 and the activation of transcription factor NF‐κB was essential for DEGS1‐induced cyclin D1 production. Forced expression of DEGS1 in Esophageal carcinoma cell line Eca109 cells increased their ability of cell migration and significantly induced tumor metastasis in nude mice, whereas RNA interference‐mediated knockdown of DEGS1 cells significantly inhibited cell migration in vitro, as well as tumor metastasis in vivo. Our results demonstrated that expression of DEGS1 up‐regulated the expression of cyclin D1 and enhanced the efficiency of tumor metastasis. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Nm23‐H1 promotes adhesion of CAL 27 cells in vitro
Authors: Bago Ružica , Pavelić Jasminka , Vlahoviček Gordana Maravić , Bosnar Maja Herak 
Published: March 2009

Abstractnm23‐H1 was found to diminish metastatic potential of carcinoma cell lines and therefore was placed in the group of metastatic suppressor genes. Its protein product has a function of a nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK) as well as protein kinase and nuclease. Though it was found that Nm23‐H1 is involved in many cellular processes, it is still not known how it promotes metastatic suppressor activity. Since the process of metastasis is dependent on adhesion properties of cells, the goal of our work was to describe the adhesion properties of CAL 27 cells (oral squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue) overexpressing FLAG/nm23‐H1. In our experiments, cells overexpressing nm23‐H1 show reduced migratory and invasive potential. Additionally, cells overexpressing nm23‐H1 adhere stronger on substrates (collagen IV and fibronectin) and show more spread morphology than the control cells. Results obtained by EGF induction of migration revealed that the adhesion strength predetermined cell response to chemoattractant and that Nm23‐H1, in this cell type, does not interfere with, EGF induced, Ras signaling pathway. These data contribute to the overall knowledge about nm23‐H1 and its role in cell adhesion, migration, and invasion, especially in oral squamous cell carcinoma. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The determinants of industry concentration: two new empirical regularities
Authors: Lien Lasse B. , Foss Nicolai J. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThis paper reports two new empirical regularities concerning industry concentration. First, concentration levels closely correlate in related industries. Second, the correlation is moderated by the degree of relatedness between the industries. These regularities are derived from the Trinet database, using a survivor‐based measure of relatedness. We argue that these previously overlooked relations may be explained in terms of (1) ‘spillover effects’ between industries and (2) life cycle factors. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evaluation of and improvements to the Met Office tropical cyclone initialisation scheme
Authors: Heming J. T. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractIn 1994 a new method for the initialisation of tropical cyclones (TCs) was implemented in the Met Office Unified Model (MetUM). In trials this resulted in a 34% drop in track forecast errors. TC track forecast errors in the MetUM have continued to show a modest downward trend since then. However, the considerable increase in satellite data available to numerical models and improvements in data assimilation techniques are likely to have reduced the model's dependency on the initialisation technique to produce a good analysis and forecast of TCs.The global configuration of the MetUM was rerun for a period of a month during August and September 2006 with TC initialisation switched off. The results show that the initialisation technique still produces a mean decrease in track forecast error of 12.2%. In addition, the detection rate of TCs 96 h into the forecast dropped from 97 to 75% and the mean forecast intensity of TCs dropped by 20.6% when the initialisation technique was not used.A subsequent trial was undertaken of a change to the technique to reduce the areal coverage of the ‘bogus’ data produced for all but the largest TCs. This change was proposed in order to address a perceived weakness in the original formulation of the initialisation technique. The revised formulation produced a further reduction in track forecast errors of 4.7% for the August–September 2006 trial period. As a consequence of these good results, the revised formulation became operational in the MetUM in November 2007. © Crown Copyright 2009. Reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Tensor‐based Gauss–Jacobi numerical integration for high‐order mass and stiffness matrices
Authors: Bittencourt M. L. , Vazquez T. G. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractIn this work, we choose the points and weights of the Gauss–Jacobi, Gauss–Radau–Jacobi and Gauss–Lobatto–Jacobi quadrature rules that optimize the number of operations for the mass and stiffness matrices of the high‐order finite element method. The procedure is particularly applied to the mass and stiffness matrices using the tensor‐based nodal and modal shape functions given in (Int. J. Numer. Meth. Engng 2007; 71(5):529–563). For square and hexahedron elements, we show that it is possible to use tensor product of the 1D mass and stiffness matrices for the Poisson and elasticity problem. For the triangular and tetrahedron elements, an analogous analysis given in (Int. J. Numer. Meth. Engng 2005; 63(2):1530–1558) was considered for the selection of the optimal points and weights for the stiffness matrix coefficients for triangles and mass and stiffness matrices for tetrahedra. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Time trends and characteristics of childhood cancer among children age 0–14 in Shanghai
Authors: Bao Ping‐Ping , Zheng Ying , Wang Chun‐Fang , Gu Kai , Jin Fan , Lu Wei 
Published: March 2009

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this article is to analyze the time trends during 1973–2005 in urban Shanghai and to describe the current characteristics of childhood cancer in Shanghai.ProcedureAll data were from the Shanghai Cancer Registry. Time trends of period 1973–2005 in urban Shanghai of males and females were assessed by annual percentage change of incidence. The current characteristics of Shanghai childhood cancer average annual incidence were analyzed regarding sex, age, and cancer types. All cancers were allocated into 12 major groupings of ICCC.ResultsOver the 33‐year period, the overall age‐standardized incidence rate for all cancers combined has no substantial change or trend in urban Shanghai aged 0–14. A total of 609 cases of childhood cancer were diagnosed in Shanghai from 2002 to 2005. The ASR of 2002–2005 is 129.0 per million for all cancers combined, and it was almost similar in males (128.5 per million) and in females (129.6 per million). Incidence rates are highest in the first 5 years of life with 173.3 per million. Leukaemia was the most common cancer (34.5%). Brain and spinal tumour was the second most common cancer (20.2%), followed by lymphomas (8.4%). The relative frequencies of Wilms tumour (2.0%) and Ewing sarcoma (0.5%) were lower than those reported from western countries.ConclusionDuring 1973–2005, the trend of childhood cancer incidence in urban Shanghai has shown no significant change. Incidence of childhood cancers in Shanghai was in the medium level compared to other parts of the world and the relative frequencies of various cancers were comparable. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009;53:13–16. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Long‐term survival after autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation in two patients with malignant rhabdoid tumor of the kidney
Authors: Koga Yuhki , Matsuzaki Akinobu , Suminoe Aiko , Hatano Miho , Saito Yusuke , Kinoshita Yoshiaki , Tajiri Tatsuro , Taguchi Tomoaki , Kohashi Kenichi , Oda Yoshinao , Tsuneyoshi Masazumi , Hara Toshiro 
Published: March 2009

AbstractA 5‐month‐old male with stage II malignant rhabdoid tumor of the kidney (MRTK) and a 24‐month‐old male with stage III MRTK were treated with surgical resection of tumors and chemotherapy of alternating ICE (ifosfamide, carboplatin, and etoposide) and VDC (vincristine, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide), followed by high‐dose chemotherapy using etoposide, carboplatin, and melphalan with autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (SCT). Two patients have been alive without any evidence of disease for 30 and 37 months after diagnosis, respectively, and require no medication. Consolidation with SCT should be further studies for selected patients with high‐risk MRTK. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009;52:888–890. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
GATA1 mutations in patients with down syndrome and acute megakaryoblastic leukaemia do not always confer a good prognosis
Authors: Ariffin Hany , Garcia Jaime Castillo , Daud Siti Sarah , Ibrahim Kamariah , Aizah Nik , Ong Gek‐Bee , Chong Lee‐Ai , Mohamad Zulqarnain 
Published: March 2009

AbstractChildren with Down syndrome and acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (DS‐AMKL) have been shown to have increased sensitivity to cytarabine based chemotherapy. The excellent prognosis in patients with DS‐AMKL may be due to mutations in the GATA1 gene leading to reduced expression of the enzyme cytidine deaminase. This leads to a decreased ability to convert cytarabine into its inactive metabolite, resulting in high intracellular concentration of this cytotoxic agent. We report two cases of DS‐AMKL with GATA1 mutations who had poor outcome. These patients had high expression levels of cytidine deaminase mRNA transcripts. We speculate that other factors can affect overall outcome in patients with DS‐AMKL irrespective of the presence of GATA1 mutations. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009;53:108–111. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Interferon‐beta, MCNU, and conventional radiotherapy for pediatric patients with brainstem glioma
Authors: Ohno Masasuke , Natsume Atsushi , Fujii Masazumi , Ito Motokazu , Wakabayashi Toshihiko 
Published: March 2009

AbstractBackgroundMost children with brainstem glioma die within 2 years of diagnosis, and the median survival time for patients with this condition is less than 1 year. The role of chemotherapy in the treatment of children with brainstem glioma is not well defined. The primary aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of treatment with interferon‐β (IFN‐β), ranimustine (MCNU), and radiotherapy (IMR therapy) administered to brainstem glioma patients treated at our institution. We also determined patient response to IMR therapy by evaluating O6‐methylguanine‐DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation in serum DNA.ProceduresWe retrospectively reviewed 15 patients who were newly diagnosed to have brainstem tumors and were administered IFN‐β (1–2 MIU/day, days 1–7; 0.5–1 MIU/day, days 8–14) and MCNU (80 mg/m2 on day 2) concurrently with conventional radiotherapy. Responses were assessed by MRI scan, and data on clinical course and toxicity were obtained from the medical records. The MGMT promoter methylation in serum DNA of five patients was assayed by methylation‐specific PCR.ResultsOf the 15 patients, partial response, stable disease, and progressive disease were noted in 5 patients each. The median overall survival time and the median progression‐free survival time were 14.7 and 4.6 months, respectively. The protocol was not terminated in any of the patients because of hematological toxicity, nephrotoxicity, or neurotoxicity. The MGMT promoter methylation status in the serum appeared to correlate with a positive response to IMR therapy.ConclusionsThe IMR combination therapy is well tolerated and may be a promising treatment for brainstem glioma. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009;53:37–41. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A new variable sampling control scheme at fixed times for monitoring the process dispersion
Authors: Shi Lihui , Zou Changliang , Wang Zhaojun , Kapur Kailash C. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe variable sampling rate (VSR) schemes for detecting the shift in process mean have been extensively analyzed; however, adding the VSR feature to the control charts for monitoring process dispersion has not been thoroughly investigated. In this research, a novel VSR control scheme, sequential exponentially weighted moving average inverse normal transformation (EWMA INT) at fixed times chart (called (SEIFT) chart), which integrates the sequential EWMA scheme at fix times with the INT statistic, is proposed to detect both the increase and decrease in process dispersion. Moreover, the sample size at each sampling time is also allowed to vary. The Markov chain method is used to evaluate the performance of this new control chart. Numerical analysis reveals that this SEIFT chart gives significant improvement on detection ability than the fixed sampling rate schemes. Compared with other control schemes, the good properties of the INT statistic makes this SEIFT chart easy to design and convenient to implement. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopic chemical state quantification of mixed nickel metal, oxide and hydroxide systems
Authors: Biesinger Mark C. , Payne Brad P. , Lau Leo W. M. , Gerson Andrea , Smart Roger St. C. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractQuantitative chemical state X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopic analysis of mixed nickel metal, oxide, hydroxide and oxyhydroxide systems is challenging due to the complexity of the Ni 2p peak shapes resulting from multiplet splitting, shake‐up and plasmon loss structures. Quantification of mixed nickel chemical states and the qualitative determination of low concentrations of Ni(III) species are demonstrated via an approach based on standard spectra from quality reference samples (Ni, NiO, Ni(OH)2, NiOOH), subtraction of these spectra, and data analysis that integrates information from the Ni 2p spectrum and the O 1s spectra. Quantification of a commercial nickel powder and a thin nickel oxide film grown at 1‐Torr O2 and 300 °C for 20 min is demonstrated. The effect of uncertain relative sensitivity factors (e.g. Ni 2.67 ± 0.54) is discussed, as is the depth of measurement for thin film analysis based on calculated inelastic mean free paths. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Surface morphology of spin‐coated molecularly imprinted polymer films
Authors: Campbell Sara E. , Collins Mary , Xie Lei , BelBruno Joseph J. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe surface morphology of thin molecularly imprinted polymer films has been studied using atomic force microscopy (AFM). The films were produced by spin coating onto glass substrates and examined as a function of host polymer, imprinting template, casting solvent, spin‐coater rotation speed and post‐production treatment. It was observed that the gross features of such films are template controlled. The fine structure is determined by parameters such as solvent, spin speed or subsequent treatment. The relationship between these observations, polymer–template interactions and the mechanism of film formation in spin coating is discussed. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Design of an Assembly of Poly(benzimidazole), Carbon Nanotubes, and Pt Nanoparticles for a Fuel‐Cell Electrocatalyst with an Ideal Interfacial Nanostructure
Authors: Okamoto Minoru , Fujigaya Tsuyohiko , Nakashima Naotoshi 
Published: March 2009

AbstractA newly designed and fabricated novel nanocomposite composed of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs), poly(benzimidazole) (PBI), and Pt nanoparticles. This composite is fabricated by the preparation of PBI‐wrapped MWNTs (MWNT/PBI), followed by Pt loading onto the MWNT/PBI. As a result of the PBI wrapping, the loading efficiency of the Pt nanoparticles onto the MWNTs is dramatically improved up to 58.8% compared to that of the pristine MWNTs (41.0%). The process also allows homogeneous Pt immobilization onto the surface of MWNTs without any strong oxidation process for the MWNTs that is typically used for metal supporting on carbon nanotubes. Far‐IR spectroscopy of the composite shows a peak from the PtN bonding, indicating that these improvements are derived from the coordination of the Pt ion with the PBI molecules. Cyclic voltammogram measurements reveal that the Pt nanoparticles deposited on the MWNT/PBI shows higher utilization efficiency (74%) for electrocatalysts compared to that on the pristine MWNT (39%).
Beitrag zur Ermüdungsfestigkeit von Schienenschweißnähten bei Kranbahnen
Authors: Kuhlmann Ulrike , Euler Mathias 
Published: March 2009

AbstractBei der heute üblichen Ausführung von Kranbahnen für leichten bis mittelschweren Kranbetrieb als Walzträger stellt die aufgeschweißte Kranschiene ein wichtiges ermüdungskritisches Kerbdetail der Radlasteinleitung dar. Es werden die charakteristischen Ermüdungsfestigkeiten für diese Art der Radlasteinleitung und die Definition der Schädigungssumme bei zusammengesetzter Beanspruchung aus Sicht der nationalen und europäischen Kranbahnnormen miteinander verglichen und kritisch diskutiert. Es wird ferner ein Überblick über die wenigen, verfügbaren Versuchsergebnisse an Großbauteilen zum Ermüdungsverhalten der Radlasteinleitung gegeben und über eigene Trägerversuche berichtet.