bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Тілдік санадағы биологиялық уақыт (тарихи жырлар негізінде)
Authors: Кулынтаева Т.Б. , Еспекова Л.Ә. 
Published: February 2024

Мақалада фольклор жанры, оның ішінде тарихи жырлардың тілін антропоөзектік бағытта зерттеу негізге алынды. Тарихи жырлардың тілін когнитивтік аспектіде қарастыру арқылы ұлтымыздың болмысын тануға болады. Себебі тарихи жырлар ұлт тарихынан, сол кезеңдегі маңызды оқиғалардан ақпарат береді.
Мақаланың мақсаты – тарихи жыр мәтіндері негізінде «биологиялық уақыт» көрінісін анықтау. Мақаламызда «уақыт» концептісінің биологиялық көрінісін айқындауда тарихи жыр мәтіндерінен алынған тілдік бірліктерге талдау жасалды. «Уақыт» ұғымының тарихи жырлардағы көрінісі талқыланды. Жұмыста биологиялық уақыт көрінісін зерттеушілердің теориялық мәліметтеріне сүйене отырып, тарихи жырларда берілуі жолдары айқындалды. Аталмыш уақыт ұғымын беруде жыр кейіпкерлерінің, яғни батырдың өмірге келуі, ер жетіп, жауға аттануы, хан болуы секілді сызықтық уақыт сипаты көрініс тапты. Жастық/кәрілік лексикондары антонимдік қатынасты білдіріп, бірі өмірдің бастауы (жастық) болса, енді бірі (кәрілік) өмірдің шегі ретінде алынды. Сонымен қатар тарихи жырдағы батырлар, билер үшін жастық шақ өміріндегі ең маңызды кезең екені анықталды. Тарихи жырдағы уақыт та ұлттық таным-түсінігімізбен ұштасып жатқаны байқалды. Мақалада биологиялық уақыт сипаты балалық шақ, жастық шақ, ағалық шақ, қарттық шақ деген кезеңдерге бөлініп қарастырылды.
Pragmatism in manual therapy trials for knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review
Authors: Adams Kyle R. , Famuyide Ayodeji O. , Young Jodi L. , Maddox C. Daniel , Rhon Daniel I. 
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Manual therapy is an often-utilized intervention for the management of knee osteoarthritis (OA). The interpretation of results presented by these trials can be affected by how well the study designs align applicability to real-world clinical settings.
Aim: To examine the existing body of clinical trials investigating manual therapy for knee OA to determine where they fall on the efficacy-effectiveness spectrum.
Methods: This systematic review has been guided and informed by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Randomized controlled trials that investigated manual therapy treatments for adults with knee OA were retrieved via searches of multiple databases to identify trials published prior to April 2023. The Rating of Included Trials on the Efficacy-Effectiveness Spectrum (RITES) tool was used to objectively rate the efficacy-effectiveness nature of each trial design. The Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0 assessment tool (RoB-2) was used to assess the risk of bias across five domains.
Results: Of the 36 trials, a higher percentage of trials had a greater emphasis on efficacy within all four domains: participant characteristics (75.0%), trial setting (77.8%), flexibility of intervention (58.3%), and clinical relevance of experimental and comparison intervention (47.2%). In addition, 13.9% of the trials had low risk of bias, 41.7% had high risk of bias, and 44.4% had some concerns regarding bias.
Conclusions: While many trials support manual therapy as effective for the management of knee OA, a greater focus on study designs with an emphasis on effectiveness would improve the applicability and generalizability of future trials.
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors in patients with advanced anaplastic thyroid cancer: an effective analysis based on real-world retrospective studies
Authors: Kuang Bo-Hua , Zhang Wen-Xuan , Lin Guo-He , Fu Chen , Cao Ru-Bo , Wang Bi-Cheng 
Published: February 2024

BackgroundTyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) contribute to the treatment of patients with anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC). Although prospective clinical studies of TKIs exhibit limited efficacy, whether ATC patients benefit from TKI treatment in real-world clinical practice may enlighten future explorations. Therefore, we conducted this effective analysis based on real-world retrospective studies to illustrate the efficacy of TKI treatment in ATC patients.MethodsWe systematically searched the online databases on September 03, 2023. Survival curves were collected and reconstructed to summarize the pooled curves. Responses were analyzed by using the “meta” package. The primary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR), and disease control rate (DCR).Results12 studies involving 227 patients were enrolled in the study. Therapeutic strategies included: anlotinib, lenvatinib, dabrafenib plus trametinib, vemurafenib, pembrolizumab plus dabrafenib and trametinib, pembrolizumab plus lenvatinib, pembrolizumab plus trametinib, and sorafenib. The pooled median OS and PFS were 6.37 months (95% CI 4.19-10.33) and 5.50 months (95% CI 2.17-12.03). The integrated ORR and DCR were 32% (95% CI 23%-41%) and 40% (95% CI 12%-74%).ConclusionIn real-world clinical practice, ATC patients could benefit from TKI therapy. In future studies, more basic experiments and clinical explorations are needed to enhance the effects of TKIs in the treatment of patients with ATC.
Prognostic significance of lymphocytic foci composition in minor salivary gland biopsies for severe disease flare and severity in Sjögren’s syndrome: a 3-year follow-up cohort study
Authors: Park Hye-Sang , Martínez-Martínez Laura , Magallares López Berta , Castellví Ivan , Moya Patricia , Codes-Mendez Helena , Hernandez Sosa Nerea , Diaz-Torne Cesar , Laiz Ana , Sainz Luis , Tandaipan Jose Luis , Mariscal Anaís , Franco-Leyva Teresa , Casademont Jordi , Juarez Candido , Corominas Hector 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionThis was an ambispective cohort study evaluating the prognostic significance of lymphocytic foci and its lymphoid composition in minor salivary gland biopsy (MSGB) for short-term disease flare and severity in Sjögren’s syndrome (SS).MethodsThe inclusion criteria comprised individuals meeting the ACR/EULAR 2016 criteria who underwent MSGB with an infiltration of more than 50 lymphocytes and received clinical diagnosis between September 2017 and December 2018. Patients with inadequate biopsy samples were excluded. The number of lymphocytic foci and their lymphoid composition in MSGB were assessed using immunofluorescence staining. Major organ damage and improvements in the EULAR Sjögren’s Syndrome Disease Activity Index (ESSDAI) were measured. Statistical analyses, including Cox and linear regressions, were conducted.ResultsA total of 78 patients with at least one lymphocytic focus were included in the study. The presence of higher T-cell counts in lymphocytic foci in MSGB was associated with severe disease flare, and a logarithmic transformation of T-cell count indicated increased risk (HR 1.96, 95% CI 0.91-4.21). Improvements in the ESSDAI were associated with higher total lymphocyte count and T- and B-cell numbers in the lymphoid composition of the lymphocytic foci. Seropositive patients exhibited higher T CD4+ cell numbers. Correlation analysis showed negative associations between age and lymphocytic foci and the T-cell count. Positive correlations were observed between antinuclear antibody (ANA) titers and total lymphocyte numbers.DiscussionPatients with a higher number of T cells in the lymphocytic infiltrates of lymphocytic foci may have a two-fold risk of severe disease flare. The number of B cells and T CD4+ cells in the lymphocytic infiltrates of lymphocytic foci showed a weak but positive relation with the ESSDAI improvement during follow-up. Age and seropositivity appeared to influence the lymphoid composition of the lymphocytic foci.
An early warning model for predicting major adverse kidney events within 30 days in sepsis patients
Authors: Yu Xiaoyuan , Xin Qi , Hao Yun , Zhang Jin , Ma Tiantian 
Published: February 2024

BackgroundIn sepsis patients, kidney damage is among the most dangerous complications, with a high mortality rate. In addition, major adverse kidney events within 30 days (MAKE30) served as a comprehensive and unbiased clinical outcome measure for sepsis patients due to the recent shift toward targeting patient-centered renal outcomes in clinical research. However, the underlying predictive model for the prediction of MAKE30 in sepsis patients has not been reported in any study.MethodsA cohort of 2,849 sepsis patients from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC)-IV database was selected and subsequently allocated into a training set (n = 2,137, 75%) and a validation set (n = 712, 25%) through randomization. In addition, 142 sepsis patients from the Xi’An No. 3 Hospital as an external validation group. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to ascertain the independent predictors of MAKE30. Subsequently, a nomogram was developed utilizing these predictors, with an area under curve (AUC) above 0.6. The performance of nomogram was assessed through calibration curve, receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA). The secondary outcome was 30-day mortality, persistent renal dysfunction (PRD), and new renal replacement therapy (RRT). MAKE30 were a composite of death, PRD, new RRT.ResultsThe construction of the nomogram was based on several independent predictors (AUC above 0.6), including age, respiratory rate (RR), PaO2, lactate, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN). The predictive model demonstrated satisfactory discrimination for MAKE30, with an AUC of 0.740, 0.753, and 0.821 in the training, internal validation, and external validation cohorts, respectively. Furthermore, the simple prediction model exhibited superior predictive value compared to the SOFA model in both the training (AUC = 0.710) and validation (AUC = 0.692) cohorts. The nomogram demonstrated satisfactory calibration and clinical utility as evidenced by the calibration curve and DCA. Additionally, the predictive model exhibited excellent accuracy in forecasting 30-day mortality (AUC = 0.737), PRD (AUC = 0.639), and new RRT (AUC = 0.846) within the training dataset. Additionally, the model displayed predictive power for 30-day mortality (AUC = 0.765), PRD (AUC = 0.667), and new RRT (AUC = 0.783) in the validation set.ConclusionThe proposed nomogram holds the potential to estimate the risk of MAKE30 promptly and efficiently in sepsis patients within the initial 24 h of admission, thereby equipping healthcare professionals with valuable insights to facilitate personalized interventions.
Cognitive performance in aged rats is associated with differences in distinctive neuronal populations in the ventral tegmental area and altered synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus
Authors: Sagheddu Claudia , Stojanovic Tamara , Kouhnavardi Shima , Savchenko Artem , Hussein Ahmed M. , Pistis Marco , Monje Francisco J. , Plasenzotti Roberto , Aufy Mohammed , Studenik Christian R. , Lubec Jana , Lubec Gert 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionDeterioration of cognitive functions is commonly associated with aging, although there is wide variation in the onset and manifestation. Albeit heterogeneity in age-related cognitive decline has been studied at the cellular and molecular level, there is poor evidence for electrophysiological correlates. The aim of the current study was to address the electrophysiological basis of heterogeneity of cognitive functions in cognitively Inferior and Superior old (19-20 months) rats in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and the hippocampus, having Young (12 weeks) rats as a control. The midbrain VTA operates as a hub amidst affective and cognitive facets, processing sensory inputs related to motivated behaviours and hippocampal memory. Increasing evidence shows direct dopaminergic and non-dopaminergic input from the VTA to the hippocampus.MethodsAged Superior and Inferior male rats were selected from a cohort of 88 animals based on their performance in a spatial learning and memory task. Using in vivo single-cell recording in the VTA, we examined the electrical activity of different neuronal populations (putative dopaminergic, glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons). In the same animals, basal synaptic transmission and synaptic plasticity were examined in hippocampal slices.ResultsElectrophysiological recordings from the VTA and hippocampus showed alterations associated with aging per se, together with differences specifically linked to the cognitive status of aged animals. In particular, the bursting activity of dopamine neurons was lower, while the firing frequency of glutamatergic neurons was higher in VTA of Inferior old rats. The response to high-frequency stimulation in hippocampal slices also discriminated between Superior and Inferior aged animals.DiscussionThis study provides new insight into electrophysiological information underlying compromised cerebral ageing. Further understanding of brain senescence, possibly related to neurocognitive decline, will help develop new strategies towards the preservation of a high quality of life.
Curative effect analysis of robot-assisted drainage surgery in treatment of spontaneous hypertensive brainstem hemorrhage
Authors: Tang Zhiji , Huang Weilong , Chen Qiqi , Guo Changgui , Zheng Kuan , Wei Wenjin , Jiang Qiuhua , Yang Ruijin 
Published: February 2024

ObjectiveSpontaneous hypertensive brainstem hemorrhage (HBSH) is characterized by sudden onset, rapid progression and poor prognosis. There has been a growing tendency of surgical treatment for HBSH. This study aimed to investigate outcomes and potential factors associated with the prognosis of robot-assisted drainage surgery for HBSH treatment.MethodsPatients with HBSH from July 2016 to March 2023 at a single neurosurgery center were included and divided into conservative group and surgical groups. Baseline and clinical data, radiographic characteristics, complications, and outcome evaluations were recorded and analyzed.ResultsA total of 125 patients, with 74 in the conservative group and 51 in the surgical group, were enrolled in the study. Mortality at 6 months was 59/74 (79.7%) in the conservative group and 9/51 (17.6%) in the surgical group. Twenty-four patients (47.1%) achieved favorable outcomes in the surgical group, whereas this rate in the conservative group was only 5.4% (4/74). There was a significant difference in NIHSS, GCS, and mRS at 6 months between surviving patients in the conservative and surgical groups. In prognostic analysis in the surgical subgroup, initial GCS score [5 (IQR 4–7) vs. 3 (IQR 3–4), p &lt; 0.001], NIHSS [36 (IQR 32–38) vs. 40 (IQR 38–40), p &lt; 0.001], smoking history [45.8% (11/24) vs. 74.1% (20/27), p = 0.039], hematoma volume [6.9 (IQR 6.2–7.6) vs. 9.6 (IQR 7.3–11.4), p = 0.001], and hemorrhage location (p = 0.001) were potential risk factors for poor 6-month prognosis after robot-assisted surgery for HBSH.ConclusionBased on the results of this study, robot-assisted minimally invasive drainage of brain stem hematoma may significantly reduce mortality and improve prognosis. Surgery should be conducted for selected patients.
Predictive value of volumetric parameters based on 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT for prostate cancer metastasis
Authors: Li Yanmei , Chen Jian , Wang Xiaojuan , Yang Pengfei , Yang Jiqin , Zhao Qian , Li Juan 
Published: February 2024

Purpose of the reportTo explore the value of 18F-labeled prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA-1007) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT), the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of the primary tumor, prostate PSMA-tumor volume (PSMA-TVp), and prostate total lesion PSMA (TL-PSMAp) for predicting prostate cancer (PCa) metastasis and follow-up evaluation in primary PCa lesions.Materials and methods18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT data of 110 consecutive newly diagnosed PCa patients were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into non-metastatic, oligometastatic, and extensive metastatic groups. The predictive power was assessed using the receiver operating characteristic curve. Multi-group one-way analysis of variance and post-hoc tests were used to compare the groups. Patients were monitored post-therapy to evaluate treatment effectiveness.ResultsAmong the 110 patients, 66.4% (73) had metastasis (29 oligometastatic, 44 extensive metastasis). AUCs for Gleason score (GS), total prostate-specific antigen(TPSA), SUVmax, TL-PSMAp, and PSMA-TVp were 0.851, 0.916, 0.834, 0.938, and 0.923, respectively. GS, TPSA, SUVmax, TL-PSMAp, and PSMA-TVp were significantly different among the groups. In the post-hoc tests, differences in GS, TPSA, SUVmax, TL-PSMAp, and PSMA-TVp between the non-metastatic and oligometastatic groups and non-metastatic and extensive metastatic groups were significant (P&lt;0.010). Differences in TL-PSMAp and PSMA-TVp between oligometastatic and extensive metastatic groups were significant (P=0.039 and 0.015, respectively), while those among GS, TPSA, and SUVmax were not. TL-PSMAp and PSMA-TVp distinguished between oligometastatic and extensive metastases, but GS, TPSA, and SUVmax did not. In individuals with oligometastasis, the implementation of active treatment for both primary and metastatic lesions may result in a more favorable prognosis.Conclusions18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT volumetric parameters PSMA-TVp and TL-PSMAp can predict PCa oligometastasis.
Quantitative proteomics reveals the protective effects of Yinchenzhufu decoction against cholestatic liver fibrosis in mice by inhibiting the PDGFRβ/PI3K/AKT pathway
Authors: Meng Qian , Zhu Hongwen , Li Yuanyuan , Peng Xiaotian , Wang Tianming , Huang Hui , Zhou Hu , Liu Yuejia , Ru Sujie , Wu Jiasheng , Ma Yueming 
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Yinchenzhufu decoction (YCZFD) is a traditional Chinese medicine formula with hepatoprotective effects. In this study, the protective effects of YCZFD against cholestatic liver fibrosis (CLF) and its underlying mechanisms were evaluated.Methods: A 3, 5-diethoxycarbonyl-1, 4-dihydro-collidine (DDC)-induced cholestatic mouse model was used to investigate the amelioration of YCZFD on CLF. Data-independent acquisition-based mass spectrometry was performed to investigate proteomic changes in the livers of mice in three groups: control, model, and model treated with high-dose YCZFD. The effects of YCZFD on the expression of key proteins were confirmed in mice and cell models.Results: YCZFD significantly decreased the levels of serum biochemical, liver injury, and fibrosis indicators of cholestatic mice. The proteomics indicated that 460 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified among control, model, and model treated with high-dose YCZFD groups. Enrichment analyses of these DEPs revealed that YCZFD influenced multiple pathways, including PI3K-Akt, focal adhesion, ECM–receptor interaction, glutathione metabolism, and steroid biosynthesis pathways. The expression of platelet derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFRβ), a receptor associated with the PI3K/AKT and focal adhesion pathways, was upregulated in the livers of cholestatic mice but downregulated by YCZFD. The effects of YCZFD on the expression of key proteins in the PDGFRβ/PI3K/AKT pathway were further confirmed in mice and transforming growth factor-β-induced hepatic stellate cells. We uncovered seven plant metabolites (chlorogenic acid, scoparone, isoliquiritigenin, glycyrrhetinic acid, formononetin, atractylenolide I, and benzoylaconitine) of YCZFD that may regulate PDGFRβ expression.Conclusion: YCZFD substantially protects against DDC-induced CLF mainly through regulating the PDGFRβ/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
Processing of Reynoutria multiflora: transformation of catechin and gallic acid derivatives and their identification
Authors: Bai Junqi , Zou Qiyu , Su He , Liao Baosheng , Wang Ping , Huang Juan , Zhang Danchun , Gong Lu , Xu Wen , Zhang Jing , Huang Zhihai , Qiu Xiaohui 
Published: February 2024

Introduction: The root of Reynoutria multiflora (Thunb.) Moldenke (RM) has been used widely in formulations of herbal medicines in China for centuries. Raw R. multiflora (RRM) should be processed before use to reduce toxicity and increase efficacy. However, detailed regulation of the processing endpoint is lacking, and the duration of processing can vary considerably. We conducted in-depth research on stilbene glycosides in RM at different processing times. Previously, we discovered that 219 stilbene glycosides changed markedly in quantity and content. Therefore, we proposed that processing causes changes in various chemical groups.Methods: To better explain the mechanism of RM processing for toxicity reduction and efficacy enhancement, we used a method of tandem mass spectrometry described previously to research gallic acid based and catechin based metabolites.Results: A total of 259 metabolites based on gallic acid and 112 metabolites based on catechins were identified. Among these, the peak areas of 157 gallic acid and 81 catechins gradually decreased, those of another 71 gallic acid and 30 catechins first increased and then decreased, those of 14 gallic acid and 1 catechin gradually increased. However, 17 of the gallic acids showed no significant changes. We speculate that many gallic acid metabolites hydrolyze to produce gallic acid; moreover, the dimers/trimers of catechins, after being cleaved into catechins, epicatechin, gallic acid catechins, and epicatechin monomers, are cleaved into gallic acid and protocatechualdehyde under high temperature and high humidity, subsequently participating in the Maillard reaction and browning reactions.Discussion: We showed that processing led to changes in chemical groups, clarification of the groups of secondary metabolites could provide a basis for research on the pharmacological and toxic mechanisms of RM, as well as the screening of related markers.
The physician experience of patient to provider prejudice (PPtP)
Authors: Andreae Doerthe A. , Massand Sameer , Dellasega Cheryl 
Published: February 2024

BackgroundPatients can demonstrate prejudice and bias toward minoritized physicians in a destructive dynamic identified as PPtP (Patient Prejudice toward Providers). These interactions have a negative impact on the physical and mental well-being of both those who are targeted and those who witness such behaviors.Study purposeThe purpose of this study was to explore the PPtP experiences of attending physicians who identify as a minority based on race, ethnicity, citizenship status, or faith preference.MethodsQualitative methodology was used to collect data using in-depth interviews. 15 attending physicians (8 male, 7 female, aged 33–55 years) who identified as minorities based on ethnicity, citizenship status, or faith practices were interviewed individually. Interviews were conducted using a guide validated in previous studies and content analysis was performed by two trained researchers to identify themes.ResultsFive themes were identified: A Continuum of Offenses, Professional Growth through Adversity, Organizational Issues, Role of Colleagues, and Consequences for Provision of Care. Findings suggest that although attending physicians learned to cope with PPtP, the experience of being treated with bias negatively impacted their well-being and work performance. Attending physicians also felt that white majority medical students sometimes treated them with prejudice but expressed a commitment to protecting vulnerable trainees from PPtP.ConclusionThe experience of PPtP occurs consistently throughout a career in medicine, often beginning in the years of training and persisting into the phase of attending status. This makes it imperative to include strategies that address PPtP in order to successfully recruit and retain minoritized physicians.