bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What Do Teachers Do When Preschoolers “Misbehave”? Family Matters
Authors: Zulauf-McCurdy Courtney A. , Woodward Diana , Nazaire Olivia R. , Meltzoff Andrew N. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThere are documented disparities in how preschool teachers perceive and respond to challenging behavior in the classroom. Teachers’ decision-making processes when handling challenging behavior and how they include families in the process is an area that is notably under-researched. Using an experimental design, preschool teachers (N = 131; 93% Female; 27.5% Black) read a standardized vignette describing a child’s challenging behavior. Teachers were randomly assigned to receive a vignette with the name and picture of a Black or White boy. Teachers listed the actions they would take in addressing the behavior and whether they would include families. Qualitative answers were coded using the validated Teaching Pyramid Observation Tool for Preschool Classrooms. Although the child’s behavior was identical, teachers’ responses greatly varied—some appropriate and others maladaptive according to published multi-tiered systems of support. Involving families in the process was often referenced as a separate step with teachers frequently placing the blame on families for the child’s behavior. Variations in results by child race are also reported and discussed. Findings indicate that supporting preschool teachers in successfully implementing full tiered systems of support and finding meaningful ways to engage families in the process is critical.
Ethics of the future of chemical sciences
Authors: Chamizo José Antonio , Ortiz-Millán Gustavo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe 2016 Royal Society of Chemistry’s report Future of the Chemical Sciences presents four different scenarios for the future of chemistry: chemistry saves the world; push-button chemistry; a world without chemists; and free market chemistry. In this paper we ethically assess them. If chemistry is to solve many of the greatest challenges facing the contemporary world, prioritization of research topics will need to be done explicitly on the basis of moral values, ​​such as solidarity and equity, but also environmental justice, which will have to be central in determining a research agenda for chemistry. The decentralization of chemistry will also present ethical challenges to the research standards established by the scientific community. Ethical education in chemistry may help counteract these risks. We also argue that if chemistry and its subdisciplines are to fulfil their goal of generating knowledge and helping us solve the great challenges of the contemporary world, then it is ethically imperative that scientists from different disciplines be more open to interdisciplinary work. Finally, if the future of chemistry is in free market forms, then it is necessary that we pay more attention to the possible risks that this model has. We call attention to two: first, it is likely that problems that affect the lowest income countries or the most disadvantaged sectors of society, who do not have the means to pay for some of the goods and services, will not be addressed; second, the free market tends to foster unsustainable forms of development.
Deforestation narrows pollen diet diversity of generalist orchid bees
Authors: Boff Samuel , da Luz Cynthia Fernandes Pinto , Raizer Josué , Pinto Gercy S. , Santos Larysson F. , Freitas Breno M. , da Silva Claudia Inês , Quezada-Euàn J. Javier G. , Soro Antonella , Alves-dos-Santos Isabel 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Orchid bee species are important pollinators in the Neotropics. While male orchid bees are known to have a close interaction with odor-rewarding flowers, orchid bee females are often pollen generalists. In the current study, we investigated differences in the pollen diet diversity of orchid bees in various vegetation types and across sites with varying levels of forest cover by means of an analysis of the frass pellets of the orchid bee, Euglossa cordata (Linnaeus, 1758), and multiple species based on a literature review. The pollen grains found in the inner part of brood cells were used to assess the plant composition making up the diet of E. cordata in various areas of the state of São Paulo in Brazil. We found that this plant composition differed among vegetation types, and that diet specialization was lower in forested areas. Forest cover appeared to be the factor mostly associated with pollen richness in nests of E. cordata. Number of brood cells per nest were also associated with forest cover. The model used to assess the effect of forest cover on plant richness as part of brood diet of E. cordata was tested with the inclusion of published data and a newly generated data for E. annectans. This new data set allowed to understand the influence of forest in the pollen diet of multiple species in a more extensive geographic scale. Forest cover appeared to be important for a diversified pollen diet in several orchid bee species.

Implications for insect conservation
Since a diversified pollen diet offered to larva bees is associated with bee survival and health, our results indicate that orchid bees relying on areas with higher forest cover have a more resilient population. Such findings emphasize the importance of conservation of forests, especially in the Neotropical region where many pollinator species are adapted to continuous forest environments.
Acceleration waves in thermoelastic complex media with temperature-dependent phase fields
Authors: Giovine Pasquale , Mariano Paolo Maria , Mugnaioni Federica 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe analyze homothermal acceleration waves in complex materials (those with active microstructure) in the presence of an internal constraint that links the temperature to a manifold-valued phase-field describing a generic material microstructure at a certain spatial scale. Such a constraint leads to hyperbolic heat conduction even in the absence of macroscopic strain; we show how it influences the way acceleration waves propagate. The scheme describes a thermoelastic behavior that is compatible with dependence of the free energy on temperature gradient (a dependence otherwise forbidden by the second law of thermodynamics in the traditional non-isothermal description of simple bodies). We eventually provide examples in which the general treatment that we develop applies.
Exploring the connections: Dividend announcements, stock market returns, and major sporting events
Authors: Hasan Fakhrul , Al-Najjar Basil 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study conducts a detailed investigation into the interplay between major sporting events, specifically the ICC Cricket World Cups and FIFA Football World Cups, and their potential impact on the relationship between dividend announcements and stock market returns. Beyond the customary exploration of investor sentiment and its connection to stock market returns, our research thoroughly examines the effects of these significant sports events on the stock market's reaction to dividend announcements. Drawing on extensive FTSE 350 index data spanning January 1990 to December 2021, we employ event study methodology as the primary analytical framework. To bolster the reliability of our findings, we apply the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) estimation method, addressing potential endogeneity concerns. Our results uncover a distinct pattern—the stock market exhibits a less favourable response to dividend increases announced following England's victories in major sporting events, such as the FIFA Football World Cup and ICC Cricket World Cup, compared to instances where they faced defeat. Additionally, we observe a more negative market response to dividend decreases announced following England's losses in these pivotal sporting events, as opposed to England emerging victorious in these key contests. This research contributes valuable insights into the intricate relationship between sports passion and market dynamics, offering implications for both scholarly discourse and investment strategy formulation.
Enhancing the Biosorption Potential of Pichia kluyveri FM012 for 4-Bromophenols
Authors: Isia Ismallianto , Sukmono Yudi , Hadibarata Tony , Yılmaz Murat 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe use of toxic and persistent pesticides in agriculture results in serious and lasting environmental impacts. Although traditional methods, such as physical and chemical reclamation, yield the best results, treating these contaminants requires a high cost and expertise. Therefore, this study focuses on bioremediation recovery, which is more efficient, economical, and safer for removal. In this case, the newly isolated potential of Pichia kluyveri FM012 in degrading 4-bromophenol was investigated. The impact of optimized parameters such as agitation, pH, nitrogen, and carbon source were also studied. After extensive testing, the best optimal degradation occurred at pH 5 with a stirrer speed of 150 rpm. Glucose and yeast performed the best compared to other carbon and nitrogen sources. The Langmuir model predicted the maximum biosorption capacity (qm = 38.46 mg/g biomass), but the Freundlich model provided a better value of R2 = 0.999. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model was fitting for the study of biosorption kinetics. The FTIR spectrum revealed the presence of asymmetric and symmetric vibrations of the aromatic ring and was assigned to C = C or C = O. Fungi showed biosorption ability across broad functional groups. These results provide interesting information about the ability of Pichia kluyveri FM012 and its potential applications for remediating resistant pesticides.
Das Orexinsystem als neuer Ansatz zur Besserung von Schlaf und Tagesaktivität – eine innovative Therapieoption zur Behandlung der chronischen Insomnie
Authors: Fietze Ingo , Hajak Göran , Beneš Heike , Young Peter 
Published: April 2024

ZusammenfassungDie chronische Insomnie ist eine der häufigsten Störungen des Schlafes. Ihre pharmakologische Therapie ist auf einige wenige zugelassene Hypnotika beschränkt.Der duale Orexin-Rezeptorblocker Daridorexant ist ein vom Wirkmechanismus und den Wirkeffekten her neuartiges schlafförderndes Medikament, welches in Studien mit Betroffenen mit einer moderaten bis schweren Insomnie seine Effektivität nachweisen konnte. Sowohl in der Gesamtpopulation und auch bei den über 65-Jährigen verkürzte Daridorexant objektiv die Einschlaflatenz und die Wachzeit im Schlaf und verlängerte die subjektive Schlafdauer. Letzteres ist insbesondere bei älteren Insomniepatienten besonders ausgeprägt. Für Schlafgestörte zusätzlich relevant ist die positive Wirkung von Daridorexant auf die Tagesbefindlichkeit, die anhand eines Fragebogens zu Schläfrigkeit, Wachheit, Kognition und Stimmung nachgewiesen werden konnte. Besserungen zeigten sich auch in verschiedenen Analogskalen zum Schlaf. Die Verträglichkeit war im Untersuchungszeitraum von 3 Monaten sehr gut, Zeichen einer Toleranz- oder Abhängigkeitsentwicklung fanden sich nicht.Aufgrund der Besserung von Schlaf und Tagesbefindlichkeit sowie des günstigen Nebenwirkungsprofils empfiehlt sich Daridorexant als ein innovatives Hypnotikum, welches die Differentialtherapie der chronischen Insomnie bereichert.
Osteoimmunology of Fracture Healing
Authors: Molitoris Kristin Happ , Huang Mingjian , Baht Gurpreet Singh 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
The purpose of this review is to summarize what is known in the literature about the role inflammation plays during bone fracture healing. Bone fracture healing progresses through four distinct yet overlapping phases: formation of the hematoma, development of the cartilaginous callus, development of the bony callus, and finally remodeling of the fracture callus. Throughout this process, inflammation plays a critical role in robust bone fracture healing.

Recent Findings
At the onset of injury, vessel and matrix disruption lead to the generation of an inflammatory response: inflammatory cells are recruited to the injury site where they differentiate, activate, and/or polarize to secrete cytokines for the purposes of cell signaling and cell recruitment. This process is altered by age and by sex.

Summary
Bone fracture healing is heavily influenced by the presence of inflammatory cells and cytokines within the healing tissue.

Graphical Abstract
Keyframe recommendation based on feature intercross and fusion
Authors: Yang Guanci , He Zonglin , Su Zhidong , Li Yang , Hu Bingqi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractKeyframe extraction can effectively help users quickly understand video content. Generally, keyframes should be representative of the video content and simultaneously be diverse to reduce redundancy. Aiming to find the features of frames and filter out representative frames of the video, we propose a method of keyframe recommendation based on feature intercross and fusion (KFRFIF). The method is inspired by the implied relations between keyframe-extraction problem and recommendation problem. First, we investigate the application of a recommendation framework to the keyframe extraction problem. Second, the architecture of the proposed KFRFIF is put forward. Then, an algorithm for extracting intra-frame image features based on the combination of multiple image descriptors is proposed. An algorithm for extracting inter-frame distance features based on the combination of multiple distance calculation methods is designed. Moreover, A recommendation model based on feature intercross and fusion is put forward. An ablation study is further performed to verify the effectiveness of the submodule. Ultimately, the experimental results on four datasets with five outstanding approaches indicate the superior performance of our approach.
A novel Voronoi-based convolutional neural network framework for pushing person detection in crowd videos
Authors: Alia Ahmed , Maree Mohammed , Chraibi Mohcine , Seyfried Armin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAnalyzing the microscopic dynamics of pushing behavior within crowds can offer valuable insights into crowd patterns and interactions. By identifying instances of pushing in crowd videos, a deeper understanding of when, where, and why such behavior occurs can be achieved. This knowledge is crucial to creating more effective crowd management strategies, optimizing crowd flow, and enhancing overall crowd experiences. However, manually identifying pushing behavior at the microscopic level is challenging, and the existing automatic approaches cannot detect such microscopic behavior. Thus, this article introduces a novel automatic framework for identifying pushing in videos of crowds on a microscopic level. The framework comprises two main components: (i) feature extraction and (ii) video detection. In the feature extraction component, a new Voronoi-based method is developed for determining the local regions associated with each person in the input video. Subsequently, these regions are fed into EfficientNetV1B0 Convolutional Neural Network to extract the deep features of each person over time. In the second component, a combination of a fully connected layer with a Sigmoid activation function is employed to analyze these deep features and annotate the individuals involved in pushing within the video. The framework is trained and evaluated on a new dataset created using six real-world experiments, including their corresponding ground truths. The experimental findings demonstrate that the proposed framework outperforms state-of-the-art approaches, as well as seven baseline methods used for comparative analysis.
When rare diseases crisscross within the same patient: von Hippel-Lindau and type 1 gastric neuroendocrine tumor
Authors: Alexandraki Krystallenia I. , Spyroglou Ariadni , Xekouki Paraskevi , Bramis Konstantinos I. , Kyriakopoulos Georgios , Barkas Konstantinos , Papanikolaou Ioannis S. , Mastorakos George , Konstadoulakis Manousos 
Published: April 2024

AbstractVon-Hippel-Lindau (VHL) is a genetic multisystem disorder characterized by visceral cysts and benign and malignant tumors in various organs. Herein, we present the case of a 23-year-old woman with VHL presenting with multiple gastric neuroendocrine neoplasms (gNENs) type 1 in the context of chronic autoimmune gastritis (CAG). Although gNENs are not acknowledged as a typical entity in VHL patients, in the present case, gNENs were composed of neoplastic cells with clear cytoplasm usually seen in tumors related to VHL disease. We additionally performed a literature review on the presence of neuroendocrine clear cell tumors and report on further cases of clear cell NENs. The present case illustrates that clear-cell transformation in gNENs may be due to the dual genetic background of the patient; the real oncogenic stimulus may be more closely related to CAG than to VHL disease accompanied by an interplay between neoplastic and autoimmune processes. Therefore, close monitoring of patients with clear cell NENs appears to be important before excluding VHL disease, even in the context of phenotypically unrelated diseases.
Antineoplastic Activity of Selected Cytotoxic Plants from the Kalahari
Authors: Vogel Divan , Gouws Chrisna , van der Kooy Frank 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPlants are known to produce cytotoxic compounds, some of which are currently being used as chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of cancer. With southern Africa’s rich biodiversity, it could be worthwhile to study indigenous herbal medicine to discover more effective and safe cancer treatments as complementary and alternative therapies. From Africa, several plant species have been used by traditional therapists for the treatment of cancer with well-known examples including Lessertia frutescens (L.) Goldblatt & J.C.Manning (syn. Sutherlandia frutescence (L.) W:T.Aiton), Fabaceae, Catharanthus roseus (L.) G.Don, Apocynaceae, and Tulbaghia violacea Harv., Amaryllidaceae. Recently, Artemisia afra Jacq., Asteraceae, has also been shown to exhibit strong in vitro antineoplastic activity. This review focuses on A. afra and some lesser studied southern African plants from the Kalahari region. This selection was made based on field observations, traditional use, and literature summarizing recent developments and their potential as anticancer agents. Ammocharis coranica Herb., Amaryllidaceae, A. afra, Dipcadi glaucum (Burch. ex Ker Gawl.) Baker, Asparagaceae, Elephantorrhiza elephantina (Burch.) Skeels, Fabaceae, Geigeria ornativa O.Hoffm., Asteraceae, Neltuma juliflora (Sw.) Raf. (syn. Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC.), Fabaceae, and Senna italica Mill., Fabaceae, can be found in the Kalahari region stretching across three countries. Databases were consulted (Science Direct, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar) and textbooks to collate scientific literature on the selected species. Lycorine seems to be the most promising bioactive compound isolated from A. coranica with in vitro cytotoxicity of 0.21 µg/ml (IC50). Methanol extracts of N. juliflora appear to be highly active, while butanolic extracts are cytotoxic at a low concentration of 5.17 µg/ml against MCF-7. Isoalantolactone identified in A. afra also expressed good activity, being cytotoxic at a low concentration of 1.89 µg/ml. Tea infusions of A. afra were found to be cytotoxic at 6.0 µg/ml with a selectivity index of 10. Identification of active constituents, more in-depth ex vivo/in situ experiments, and eventually clinical trials should be conducted on the most promising plant extracts and/or compounds identified therein.
Graphical Abstract
Titles as identity: applying self-determination theory to increase sponsorships by experienced private refugee sponsors in Canada
Authors: Chudleigh Sarah 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Private refugee sponsorship is a desirable behaviour – it leads to positive outcomes for sponsors, refugees, the Canadian government and the general public. The most commonly reported motivations to sponsor are related to identity, including moral and national identity. Self-determination theory (SDT) suggests that identity is a strong intrinsic motivator; individuals who identify more strongly as a sponsor may be more intrinsically motivated to take on additional sponsorships. This proposed behavioural policy uses the components of SDT to design a certificate programme that bestows an official title on sponsors after completing a sponsorship. The certificate design reflects the three components of SDT (autonomy, competence and relatedness) and encourages moral and national incentives. Official titles are shown to increase identity with a role – titles act themselves as mechanisms of identity-building, which can lead to identity-motivated behaviours. The proposed certificate programme aligns with existing practices and resources already used by the Canadian government. It suggests that official titles could be a cost-effective mechanism for encouraging subsequent sponsorships.
Two new species of the genus Sectonema Thorne, 1930 (Nematoda, Dorylaimida, Aporcelaimidae) from Iran, with new insights into its evolutionary relationships
Authors: Keramat M. , Mahboubi Z. , Atighi M. R. , Pourjam E. , Castillo P. , Pedram M. , Peña-Santiago R. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Two new species of the genus Sectonema found in northern Iran are characterized, including morphological descriptions and molecular (18S-, 28S-rDNA) analyses. Sectonema tehranense sp. nov. is distinguished by its 7.22 – 8.53 mm long body, lip region offset by constriction and 24 – 31 μm wide with perioral lobes and abundant setae- or cilia-like projections covering the oral field, mural tooth 15.5 – 17 μm long at its ventral side, neck 1091 – 1478 μm long, pharyngeal expansion occupying 61 – 71% of the total neck length, female genital system diovarian, uterus simple and 3.9 – 4.2 times the corresponding body diameter long, transverse vulva (V = 49 – 59), tail short and rounded (44 – 65 μm, c = 99 – 162, c’ = 0.6 – 0.8), spicules 111 – 127 μm long, and 7 – 10 spaced ventromedian supplements with hiatus. Sectonema noshahrense sp. nov. displays a 4.07 – 4.73 mm long body, lip region offset by constriction and 23 – 25 μm wide with perioral lobes and abundant setae- or cilia-like projections covering the oral field, odontostyle 14 – 14.5 μm long, neck 722 – 822 μm long, pharyngeal expansion occupying 66 – 68% of the total neck length, female genital system diovarian, uterus simple and 2.4 – 2.7 times the corresponding body diameter long, transverse vulva (V = 54 – 55), tail convex conoid (39 – 47 μm, c = 91 – 111, c’ = 0.8 – 0.9), spicules 82 μm long, and seven spaced ventromedian supplements with hiatus. Molecular analyses confirm a maximally supported (Epacrolaimus + Metaporcelaimus + Sectonema) clade and a tentative biogeographical pattern, with sequences of Indolamayan taxa forming a clade separated from those of Palearctic ones. Parallel or convergent evolution processes might be involved in the phylogeny of the species currently classified under Sectonema. This genus is certainly more heterogeneous than previously assumed.