bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Working and impacting local communities as establishing the start of a conservation initiative: American Society of Primatology conservation committee webinar
Authors: Dobson Kaelyn , Gerstner Katie , Oktaviani Rahayu , Shaffer Christopher , Pruetz Jill 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNonhuman primate species currently face human‐induced pressures and will continue to face them in the modern landscape. These pressures require conservation projects in primate habitat countries to aid in protection, preservation, and conservation. Though there are several examples of primate conservation projects, starting up an initiative can be a daunting task. The American Society of Primatology (ASP) Conservation Committee hosted a video webinar presenting on the first steps of developing, running and continuing a primate conservation program. Dr. Christopher Shaffer, Rahayu Oktaviani, and Dr. Jill Pruetz presented their early program experiences establishing wild primate conservation projects to educate primatologists around the world. The running themes of the presentations included establishing community, working locally, impacting locally and preparing for the future.
Deciphering Anion‐Modulated Solvation Structure for Calcium Intercalation into Graphite for Ca‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Yi Yuyang , Xing Youdong , Wang Hui , Zeng Zhihan , Sun Zhongti , Li Renjie , Lin Huijun , Ma Yiyuan , Pu Xiangjun , Li Molly Meng‐Jung , Park Kyu‐Young , Xu Zheng‐Long 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCo‐intercalation reactions make graphite a feasible anode in Ca ion batteries, yet the correlation between Ca ion intercalation behaviors and electrolyte structure remains unclear. This study, for the first time, elucidates the pivotal role of anions in modulating the Ca ion solvation structures and their subsequent intercalation into graphite. Specifically, the electrostatic interactions between Ca ion and anions govern the configurations of solvated‐Ca‐ion in dimethylacetamide‐based electrolytes and graphite intercalation compounds. Among the anions considered (BH4−, ClO4−, TFSI− and [B(hfip)4]−), the coordination of four solvent molecules per Ca ion (CN=4) leads to the highest reversible capacities and the fastest reaction kinetics in graphite. Our study illuminates the origins of the distinct Ca ion intercalation behaviors across various anion‐modulated electrolytes, employing a blend of experimental and theoretical approaches. Importantly, the practical viability of graphite anodes in Ca‐ion full cells is confirmed, showing significant promise for advanced energy storage systems.
DOTA‐Based Plectin‐1 Targeted Contrast Agent Enables Detection of Pancreatic Cancer in Human Tissue
Authors: Gazzi Thais , Lesina Marina , Wang Qinghua , Berninger Alexandra , Radetzki Silke , Demir Ihsan Ekin , Kohlmann Larissa , Meiser Waldemar , Wilke Sebastian , von Kries Jens Peter , Algül Hana , Hu Hai‐Yu , Nazare Marc 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly aggressive and lethal malignancy with extremely poor patient survival rates. A key reason for the poor prognosis is the lack of effective diagnostic tools to detect the disease at curable, premetastatic stages. Tumor surgical resection is PDAC's first‐line treatment, however distinguishing between cancerous and healthy tissue with current imaging tools remains a challenge. In this work, we report a DOTA‐based fluorescent probe targeting plectin‐1 for imaging PDAC with high specificity. To enable heterogeneous functionalization of the DOTA‐core with multiple targeting peptide units and the fluorophore, a novel, fully clickable synthetic route that proceeds in one pot was developed. Extensive validation of the probe set the stage for PDAC detection in mice and human tissue. Altogether, these findings may pave the way for improved clinical understanding and early detection of PDAC progression as well as more accurate resection criteria.
Cytotoxicity and Biological Activities of Geopopolis Extract from the Stingless bee (Melipona scutellaris) in Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Albuquerque Borges Maria Gabriella da Silva , de Oliveira e Lima Luanna , Veras Ana Caroline Meneses Ferreira , Ferreira Rafael Carlos , da Nóbrega Alves Danielle , de Medeiros Isac Almeida , Magnani Marciane , Sobral Marianna Vieira , Dias de Castro Ricardo , Relison Tintino Saulo , de Morais Oliveira‐Tintino Cícera Datiane , Coutinho Henrique Douglas Melo , Guerra Felipe Queiroga Sarmento , de Barros Daniela Bomfim , de Oliveira Maria Betânia Melo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractGeopropolis resins are produced by stingless bees (Meliponinae), developed from the collection of resinous materials, waxes and exudates, from the flora of the region where stingless bees are present, in addition to the addition of clay or earth in its composition. Several biological activities are attributed to Ethanol Extracts of Geopropolis (EEGP). The bioactive properties are associated with the complex chemical composition that the samples have. This work aims to evaluate the biological activities of the EEGP, in order to contribute with a natural therapeutic alternative, to face infections, mainly those caused by resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus. The EEGP MIC tests showed antibacterial activity against two strains of S. aureus, both at concentrations of 550 μg/mL. The MBC performed with the inhibition values showed that the EEGP has bacteriostatic activity in both strains. Biofilm inhibition rates exhibited an average value greater than 65 % at the highest concentration. The EEGP antioxidant potential test showed good antioxidant activity (IC50) of 11.05±1.55 μg/mL. In the cytotoxicity test against HaCat cells, after 24 hours, EEGP induced cell viability at the three tested concentrations (550 μg/mL: 81.68±3.79 %; 1100 μg/mL: 67.10±3.76 %; 2200 μg/mL: 67.40±1.86 %). In view of the above, the safe use of EEGP from the brazilian northeast could be proven by the cytotoxicity test, and its use as an antioxidant and antibacterial agent has proven to be effective, as an alternative in combating oxidative stress and microorganisms such as S. aureus, which, through the spread and ongoing evolution of drug resistance, generates an active search for effective solutions.
Concurrent myocardial infarction in the setting of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura secondary to systemic lupus erythematosus: A case report
Authors: Azadbakht Saleh , Amidi Bardia , Naderi Narges , Sharifaskari Anwar , Hatami Mahtab 
Published: April 2024

Key Clinical MessageIn acute thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), apart from urgent treatment, assessing the patient's medical history, especially conditions like systemic lupus erythematosus that could trigger TTP, is crucial. Rarely, TTP patients may experience cardiac conditions as severe as a myocardial infarction.AbstractA 45‐year‐old woman manifested severe and acute thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) of unknown origin. The patient's symptoms, the laboratory data, the detection of the reduction in ADAMTS13 activity, and the presence of schistocytes on the peripheral smear confirmed the diagnosis. The patient was then planned for therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE). Prior to the scheduled TPE, she suddenly experienced extreme shortness of breath and chest pain. An electrocardiogram was obtained immediately after reporting signs of an inferior myocardial infarction. Further examinations to acquire information about the patient's underlying medical conditions in order to study the secondary causes of TTP, combined with the results of the laboratory tests, resulted in the patient being diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus.
Leukocytoclastic vasculitis in a patient with ankylosing spondylitis: A case report
Authors: Khabbazi Alireza , Tekantapeh Sepideh Tahsini , Asadzadeh Cyrus , Vahedi Amir 
Published: April 2024

Key Clinical MessageAlthough the concurrent occurrence of vasculitis with AS is uncommon, when patients diagnosed with AS exhibit symptoms including skin petechiae, purpura, abdominal discomfort, malaise, elevated ESR, and reduced complement levels, vigilant monitoring for vasculitis is advisable following the exclusion of secondary vasculitis triggers such as malignancies, infections, and pharmaceutical agents.AbstractThe primary characteristic of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) involves inflammation occurring within the sacroiliac joint and the spine, leading to destruction and eventual ankylosis. A notably infrequent complication associated with AS is vasculitis, with limited reports linking AS to vasculitis. This case study documents a 48‐year‐old male, diagnosed with HLA‐B27‐positive AS for the past 15 years, who developed abdominal pain and skin lesions following the cessation of his medication on his own. Subsequent clinical evaluations identified leukocytoclastic vasculitis (LCV) related to AS after excluding all other potential causes of LCV, including drug‐related sources, cancer, hepatitis B and C viruses, Henoch‐Schönlein purpura (HSP), and IgA nephropathy.
Practical operating flexibility of a bifunctional freestanding membrane for efficient anion exchange membrane water electrolysis across all current ranges
Authors: Son Hong‐Jin , Hwang Jeemin , Choi Min Young , Park Seung Hee , Jang Jae Hyuk , Han Byungchan , Ahn Sung Hoon 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study explores a symmetric configuration approach in anion exchange membrane (AEM) water electrolysis, focusing on overcoming adaptability challenges in dynamic conditions. Here, a rapid and mild synthesis technique for fabricating fibrous membrane‐type catalyst electrodes is developed. Our method leverages the contrasting oxidation states between the sulfur‐doped NiFe(OH)2 shell and the metallic Ni core, as revealed by electron energy loss spectroscopy. Theoretical evaluations confirm that the S–NiFe(OH)2 active sites optimize free energy for alkaline water electrolysis intermediates. This technique bypasses traditional energy‐intensive processes, achieving superior bifunctional activity beyond current benchmarks. The symmetric AEM water electrolyzer demonstrates a current density of 2 A cm−2 at 1.78 V at 60°C in 1 M KOH electrolyte and also sustains ampere‐scale water electrolysis below 2.0 V for 140 h even in ambient conditions. These results highlight the system's operational flexibility and structural stability, marking a significant advancement in AEM water electrolysis technology.
Throughput and coverage based Base Station–Relay Station deployment for 5G cellular network
Authors: Ratheesh R. , Nair M. Saranya , Vetrivelan P. , Rajeswari J. 
Published: April 2024

SummaryFifth generation cellular networks have high data rates and connectivity demands. The relaying approaches are widely used in cellular networks to improve coverage, user throughput, and capacity at low cost. The increasing data requirements of the mobile network increase energy consumption. Energy efficiency‐based approaches also impact network coverage and throughput. Therefore, developing an energy‐efficient network with optimal coverage and throughput is considered a challenging issue. It can be resolved with optimal deployment of Base Station (BS), Relay Station (RS), and minimizing power consumption. In this research, a joint clustering‐based deployment technique is proposed for BS–RS deployment by considering the network throughput and coverage ratio. After enabling optimal BS–RS deployment, the network traffic is estimated with an On‐demand real‐time traffic estimation framework (ODTE). It estimates user association values using Beacon frames. In addition, the Relay Assisted Base station Power Scheduling (RABPS) approach to minimize power consumption is included. Based on Erlang's probability, the RABPS algorithm is enhanced with sleep mode activation during off‐peak hours. The proposed 5G network ensures uninterrupted connectivity and energy efficiency with varying time slots of power scheduling. The throughput performance of the clustering‐based approach is increased with a coverage ratio of 88%. The simulation results show the superiority of the proposed 5G BS–RS deployment and power scheduling in terms of throughput, coverage ratio, and power consumption.
Synthetic Chemistry in Flow: From Photolysis & Homogeneous Photocatalysis to Heterogeneous Photocatalysis
Authors: Feng Sitong , Su Ren 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPhotocatalytic synthesis of value‐added chemicals has gained increasing attention in recent years owing to its versatility in driving many important reactions under ambient conditions. Selective hydrogenation, oxidation, coupling, and halogenation with a high conversion of the reactants have been realized using designed photocatalysts in batch reactors with small volumes at a laboratory scale; however, scaling‐up remains a critical challenge due to inefficient utilization of incident light and active sites of the photocatalysts, resulting in poor catalytic performance that hinders its practical applications. Flow systems are considered one of the solutions for practical applications of light‐driven reactions and have experienced great success in photolytic and homogeneous photocatalysis, yet their applications in heterogeneous photocatalysis are still under development. In this perspective, we have summarized recent progress in photolytic and photocatalytic synthetic chemistry performed in flow systems from the view of reactor design with a special focus on heterogeneous photocatalysis. The advantages and limitations of different flow systems, as well as some practical considerations of design strategies are discussed.
Roles and interactions of tumor microenvironment components in medulloblastoma with implications for novel therapeutics
Authors: Yang Hanjie , Li Min , Deng Yuhao , Wen Huantao , Luo Minjie , Zhang Wangming 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMedulloblastomas, the most common malignant pediatric brain tumors, can be classified into the wingless, sonic hedgehog (SHH), group 3, and group 4 subgroups. Among them, the SHH subgroup with the TP53 mutation and group 3 generally present with the worst patient outcomes due to their high rates of recurrence and metastasis. A novel and effective treatment for refractory medulloblastomas is urgently needed. To date, the tumor microenvironment (TME) has been shown to influence tumor growth, recurrence, and metastasis through immunosuppression, angiogenesis, and chronic inflammation. Treatments targeting TME components have emerged as promising approaches to the treatment of solid tumors. In this review, we summarize progress in research on medulloblastoma microenvironment components and their interactions. We also discuss challenges and future research directions for TME‐targeting medulloblastoma therapy.
Engineered oncolytic bacteria for malignant solid tumor treatment
Authors: Wang Minjia , Song Xuejiao , Liu Xianglong , Ma Chuan , Ma Jing , Shi Leilei 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBacteria have been explored for their potential in fighting against cancer for decades. Due to their outstanding tumor‐targeting capacity and high biocompatibility, live bacteria can serve as microrobots delivering and producing anti‐tumor agents. In addition, live bacteria have intrinsic immune‐activating functions that aid in the generation of anti‐tumor immunity both systemically and locally in the tumor microenvironment. While bacteria‐based cancer therapy is still facing great challenges, progress in this platform combined with nanobiotechnologies has shown promise in terms of safety and effectiveness. Here, basic development strategies of bacteria‐based delivery systems armed with nanotechnologies, virulence attenuation, and genetic manipulation are summarized and the design of a spatiotemporal selectivity is particularly emphasized. In conclusion, the engineered bacteria platform has a high potentiality in the development of novel cancer therapeutics and holds prospects for future investigation and clinical use.
Transitioning Science to Practice
Authors: Harshbarger Stuart D. , Heckle Rosa R. 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACTNational security challenges require a new approach to collaborative problem solving to address emergent challenges or opportunities. To effectively address these challenges, development of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies including machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL), is underway. Advancing AI/ML capabilities requires transdisciplinary research encompassing the fusion of technology and emergent scientific discovery. Achieving this requires a departure from traditional research and development (R&D) methods. New development processes need to support the understanding that research progresses iteratively technology insertion is incremental, and the final capability is evolutionary. We propose a novel systems engineering/research model called the vortical model. The vortical model introduces an iterative framework through which emerging advances in research outcomes are effectively demonstrated and validated for integration, as new capabilities, at varying technology insertion points. Our goal is to facilitate the transfer of knowledge from emerging research for swift, effective integration into the organization's mission capabilities.
A simple method for evaluating the relative water uptake rate of drip‐irrigated crops
Authors: Friedman Shmulik P. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDrip irrigation is widely acknowledged for its water use efficiency, yet evaluating relative water uptake rates (RWURs, ratios between the water uptake rates and the irrigation rates) remains pivotal for effective system design and management. This article presents a novel method employing straightforward measurements of wetted soil surfaces around emitters or perpendicular to driplines, both with and without water uptake, emphasizing simplicity and practicality. The proposed method offers valuable insights into agronomic water use efficiency, facilitating the optimization of drip irrigation for both annual and perennial crops. While effective for intensively irrigated crops, the method does have limitations for smaller wetted areas and longer irrigation cycles, depending also upon a reasonable determination of the active root zone depth and the soil capillary length. Despite relying on a simplified water uptake model, the accessibility and cost‐effectiveness of the method render it a valuable tool for assessing RWURs in diverse agricultural settings, contributing to the sustainable utilization of water resources in drip irrigation.
CircBCL2L13 attenuates cardiomyocyte oxidative stress and apoptosis in cardiac ischemia‒reperfusion injury via miR‐1246/PEG3 signaling
Authors: Wu Hua , Li Hairui , Zhang Qian , Song Jia , Chen Yongbin , Wang Ze‐Mu , Jiang Weipeng 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIschemia‒reperfusion (I/R) is a common complication in the clinical treatment of acute myocardial infarction (MI), in which cardiomyocytes play a pivotal role in the recovery of cardiac function after reperfusion injury. The expression of numerous circular ribonucleic acids (circRNAs) is disrupted in I/R‐induced cardiac damage, but the potential role of circRNAs in I/R damage has not been fully elucidated. The purpose of the present study was to clarify the biological action and molecular mechanism of circRNA 002166 (also termed circCL2L13) in postmyocardial I/R. Oxygen–glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) in an in vivo model was performed to simulate I/R damage. real‐time polymerase chain reaction analysis was also conducted to evaluate the relationships of the SOD1, SOD2, NRF2, HO1 and GPX4 indicators with oxidative stress injury. TUNEL immunofluorescence was used to evaluate the degree of cardiomyocyte apoptosis in the different treatment groups. The circBCL2L13 level was markedly upregulated in myocardial tissues from a mouse I/R model. Overexpression of circBCL2L13 markedly attenuated the expression of oxidative stress‐related genes and apoptosis in OGD/R‐induced cardiomyocytes. A mechanistic study revealed that circBCL2L13 functions as a ceRNA for miR‐1246 and modulates paternally expressed gene 3 (PEG3). Eventually, circBCL2L13 was proven to regulate PEG3 by targeting miR‐1246, thereby protecting against OGD/R‐induced cardiomyocyte oxidative damage and apoptosis. In conclusion, our study confirmed that the circBCL2L13/miR‐1246/PEG3 axis suppressed the progression of OGD/R injury in cardiomyocytes, which might lead to new therapeutic strategies for cardiac I/R injury.
Ultrasound‐based radiomics for the differential diagnosis of breast masses: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Li Xuerong , Zhang Longfang , Ding Manni 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectivesUltrasound‐based radiomics has demonstrated excellent diagnostic performance in differentiating benign and malignant breast masses. Given a few clinical studies on their diagnostic role, we conducted a meta‐analysis of the potential effects of ultrasound‐based radiomics for the differential diagnosis of breast masses, aiming to provide evidence‐based medical basis for clinical research.Materials and MethodsWe searched Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and PubMed databases from inception through to February 2023. The methodological quality assessment of the included studies was performed according to Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies checklist. A diagnostic test accuracy systematic review and meta‐analysis was performed in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Sensitivity, specificity, and area under curve delineating benign and malignant lesions were recorded. We also used sensitivity analysis and subgroup analysis to explore potential sources of heterogeneity. Deeks' funnel plots was used to examine the publication bias.ResultsA total of 11 studies were included in this meta‐analysis. For the diagnosis of malignant breast masses worldwide, the overall mean rates of sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound‐based radiomics were 0.90 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.83–0.95) and 0.89 (95% CI, 0.82–0.94), respectively. The summary diagnostic odds ratio was 76 (95% CI, 26–219), and the area under the curve for the summary receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.95 (95% CI, 0.93–0.97).ConclusionUltrasound‐based radiomics has the potential to improve diagnostic accuracy to discriminate between benign and malignant breast masses, and could reduce unnecessary biopsies.
Ramsey numbers for multiple copies of sparse graphs
Authors: Sulser Aurelio , Trujić Miloš 
Published: April 2024

AbstractFor a graph and an integer , we let denote the disjoint union of copies of . In 1975, Burr, Erdős and Spencer initiated the study of Ramsey numbers for , one of few instances for which Ramsey numbers are now known precisely. They showed that there is a constant such that , provided is sufficiently large. Subsequently, Burr gave an implicit way of computing and noted that this long‐term behaviour occurs when is triply exponential in . Very recently, Bucić and Sudakov revived the problem and established an essentially tight bound on by showing follows this behaviour already when the number of copies is just a single exponential. We provide significantly stronger bounds on in case is a sparse graph, most notably of bounded maximum degree. These are relatable to the current state‐of‐the‐art bounds on and (in a way) tight. Our methods rely on a beautiful classic proof of Graham, Rödl and Ruciński, with an emphasis on developing an efficient absorbing method for bounded degree graphs.