bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trimodality Therapy With Induction Chemotherapy Followed by Extrapleural Pneumonectomy and Adjuvant High-Dose Hemithoracic Radiation for Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma
Authors: de Perrot Marc , Feld Ronald , Cho B.C. John , Bezjak Andrea , Anraku Masaki , Burkes Ronald , Roberts Heidi , Tsao Ming S. , Leighl Natasha , Keshavjee Shaf , Johnston Michael R. 
Published: February 2009

Purpose Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) remains associated with poor outcome. We examined the results of trimodality therapy with cisplatin-based chemotherapy followed by extrapleural pneumonectomy (EPP) and adjuvant high-dose (50 to 60 Gy) hemithoracic radiation therapy for MPM. Patients and Methods We conducted a retrospective review of all patients prospectively evaluated for trimodality therapy protocol between January 2001 and December 2007 in our institution. Results A total of 60 patients were suitable candidates. Histology was epithelioid (n = 44) or biphasic (n = 16). Chemotherapy regimens included cisplatin/vinorelbine (n = 26), cisplatin/pemetrexed (n = 24), cisplatin/raltitrexed (n = 6), or cisplatin/gemcitabine (n = 4). EPP was performed in 45 patients, and hemithoracic radiation therapy to at least 50 Gy was administered postoperatively to 30 patients. Completion of the trimodality therapy in the absence of mediastinal node involvement was associated with the best survival (median survival of 59 months v ≤ 14 months in the remaining patients, P = .0003). The type of induction chemotherapy had no significant impact on survival. Pathologic nodal status remained a significant predictor of poor survival despite completion of the trimodality therapy. After completion of the protocol, the 5-year disease-free survival was 53% for patients with N0 disease, reaching 75% in patients with ypT1-2N0 and 45% in patients with ypT3-4N0. Conclusion This large, single-center experience with induction chemotherapy followed by EPP and adjuvant high-dose hemithoracic radiation for MPM shows that half of the patients are able to complete this protocol. The results are encouraging for patients with N0 disease. However, N2 disease remains a major factor impacting on survival, despite completion of the entire trimodality regimen.
Phase II Evaluation of Nanoparticle Albumin–Bound Paclitaxel in Platinum-Sensitive Patients With Recurrent Ovarian, Peritoneal, or Fallopian Tube Cancer
Authors: Teneriello Michael G. , Tseng Paul C. , Crozier Mark , Encarnacion Carlos , Hancock Kenneth , Messing Mark J. , Boehm Kristi A. , Williams Alicia , Asmar Lina 
Published: February 2009

Purpose Patients with recurrent ovarian, peritoneal, or fallopian tube cancer have limited therapeutic options. There are no reports of nanoparticle albumin–bound paclitaxel (nab-paclitaxel) in patients with recurrent platinum-sensitive disease. We report efficacy and toxicity with nab-paclitaxel in this group. Patients and Methods Forty-seven patients enrolled (44 assessable patients). Main inclusion criteria were histologically or cytologically confirmed epithelial cancer of the ovary, fallopian tube, or peritoneum (any stage, grade 2 to 3 if stage I) and measurable disease according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) or elevated CA-125 (> 70 U/mL) in patients without measurable disease. Patients received nab-paclitaxel 260 mg/m2 administered intravenously for 30 minutes on day 1 of a 21-day cycle for six cycles or until disease progression. Results Median age was 65.5 years; 76% of patients had stage IIIC or IV disease, 81% had Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0, and 94% had prior surgery. For assessable patients, the objective response rate (ORR) was 64% (15 complete responses [CR] and 13 partial responses [PR] among 44 assessable patients). In patients evaluated with RECIST only, the ORR was 45% (one CR and four PR of 11 patients). In patients with only elevated CA-125, ORR was 82% (seven CRs and two PRs of 11 patients). In patients meeting both RECIST and CA-125 criteria, the ORR was 64% (seven CRs and seven PRs of 22 patients). Median time to response was 1.3 months (range, 0.5 to 4.8 months). Estimated median progression-free survival was 8.5 months. The most frequent grade 3 to 4 treatment-related toxicities were neutropenia (24%) and neuropathy (9%). Conclusion Nab-paclitaxel is active in this group of patients with recurrent ovarian, peritoneal, or fallopian tube cancer. The ORR was 64%. Toxicities were manageable. Further studies of nab-paclitaxel in combination with platinum are warranted.
Phase I Trial of Bevacizumab Plus Escalated Doses of Sunitinib in Patients With Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Feldman Darren R. , Baum Michael S. , Ginsberg Michelle S. , Hassoun Hani , Flombaum Carlos D. , Velasco Susanne , Fischer Patricia , Ronnen Ellen , Ishill Nicole , Patil Sujata , Motzer Robert J. 
Published: February 2009

Purpose Both bevacizumab and sunitinib target the vascular endothelial growth factor pathway and demonstrate activity against advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). In this phase I study, the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) and safety of sunitinib in combination with bevacizumab were examined in patients with advanced RCC. Patients and Methods Three cohorts of three to six patients were treated with escalated doses of daily oral sunitinib (ie, 25 mg, 37.5 mg, 50 mg) for 4 weeks followed by a 2-week break and with fixed doses of bevacizumab (10 mg/kg) intravenously once every 2 weeks. Dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) were assessed during the first cycle to determine the MTD, and an expanded cohort was treated to obtain additional safety information. Results Of 26 study participants, 25 received treatment at one of three dose levels. Grade 4 hemorrhage, identified as a DLT, occurred in one patient in each of cohorts 2 and 3. The MTD was determined to be sunitinib 50 mg/bevacizumab 10 mg/kg, but chronic therapy at this dose level frequently resulted in grades 3 to 4 hypertension and hematologic and vascular toxicities. Overall, 48% of patients discontinued treatment because of adverse events. One complete and 12 partial responses were observed, which provided an objective response rate of 52%. Conclusion In this phase I trial of patients with metastatic RCC, the combination of sunitinib and bevacizumab caused a high degree of hypertension and vascular and hematologic toxicities at the highest dose level. We do not plan to pursue additional study of this regimen at these doses in patients with RCC.
Evaluation of New Platinum-Based Treatment Regimens in Advanced-Stage Ovarian Cancer: A Phase III Trial of the Gynecologic Cancer InterGroup
Authors: Bookman Michael A. , Brady Mark F. , McGuire William P. , Harper Peter G. , Alberts David S. , Friedlander Michael , Colombo Nicoletta , Fowler Jeffrey M. , Argenta Peter A. , De Geest Koen , Mutch David G. , Burger Robert A. , Swart Ann Marie , Trimble Edward L. , Accario-Winslow Chrisann , Roth Lawrence M. 
Published: February 2009

Purpose To determine if incorporation of an additional cytotoxic agent improves overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) for women with advanced-stage epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) and primary peritoneal carcinoma who receive carboplatin and paclitaxel. Patients and Methods Women with stages III to IV disease were stratified by coordinating center, maximal diameter of residual tumor, and intent for interval cytoreduction and were then randomly assigned among five arms that incorporated gemcitabine, methoxypolyethylene glycosylated liposomal doxorubicin, or topotecan compared with carboplatin and paclitaxel. The primary end point was OS and was determined by pairwise comparison to the reference arm, with a 90% chance of detecting a true hazard ratio of 1.33 that limited type I error to 5% (two-tail) for the four comparisons. Results Accrual exceeded 1,200 patients per year. An event-triggered interim analysis occurred after 272 events on the reference arm, and the study closed with 4,312 women enrolled. Arms were well balanced for demographic and prognostic factors, and 79% of patients completed eight cycles of therapy. There were no improvements in either PFS or OS associated with any experimental regimen. Survival analyses of groups defined by size of residual disease also failed to show experimental benefit in any subgroup. Conclusion Compared with standard paclitaxel and carboplatin, addition of a third cytotoxic agent provided no benefit in PFS or OS after optimal or suboptimal cytoreduction. Dual-stage, multiarm, phase III trials can efficiently evaluate multiple experimental regimens against a single reference arm. The development of new interventions beyond surgery and conventional platinum-based chemotherapy is required to additionally improve outcomes for women with advanced EOC.
Increasing Rates of Contralateral Prophylactic Mastectomy Among Patients With Ductal Carcinoma In Situ
Authors: Tuttle Todd M. , Jarosek Stephanie , Habermann Elizabeth B. , Arrington Amanda , Abraham Anasooya , Morris Todd J. , Virnig Beth A. 
Published: February 2009

Purpose Some women with unilateral ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) undergo contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM) to prevent cancer in the opposite breast. The use and trends of CPM for DCIS in the United States have not previously been reported. Methods We used the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database to analyze the initial treatment (within 6 months) of patients with unilateral DCIS diagnosed from 1998 through 2005. We determined the CPM rate as a proportion of all surgically treated patients and as a proportion of all patients who underwent mastectomy. We compared demographic and tumor variables in women with unilateral DCIS who underwent surgical treatment. Results We identified 51,030 patients with DCIS; 2,072 patients chose CPM. The CPM rate was 4.1% for all surgically treated patients and 13.5% for patients undergoing mastectomy. Among all surgically treated patients (including breast-conserving surgery), the CPM rate increased by 148% from 1998 (2.1%) to 2005 (5.2%). Among patients who underwent mastectomy to treat DCIS (excluding patients undergoing breast-conserving surgery), the CPM rate increased by 188% from 1998 (6.4%) to 2005 (18.4%). Young patient age, white race, recent year of diagnosis, and the presence of lobular carcinoma in situ were significantly associated with higher CPM rates among all surgically treated patients and all patients undergoing mastectomy. Large tumor size and higher grade were significantly associated with increased CPM rates among all surgically treated patients but lower CPM rates among patients undergoing mastectomy. Conclusion The use of CPM for DCIS in the United States markedly increased from 1998 through 2005.
Obese Women Exhibit Differences in Ovarian Metabolites, Hormones, and Gene Expression Compared with Moderate-Weight Women
Authors: Robker Rebecca L. , Akison Lisa K. , Bennett Brenton D. , Thrupp Penny N. , Chura Lindsay R. , Russell Darryl L. , Lane Michelle , Norman Robert J. 
Published: February 2009

Abstract
Context: Obese women experience longer times to conception, even if they are young and cycling regularly, which is suggestive of alterations in ovarian function during the periconceptual period.
Objective: This study sought to determine whether there are alterations in the preovulatory follicular environment that are likely to influence oocyte developmental competence.
Design, Setting, and Participants: Women attending a private infertility clinic were categorized into body mass index (BMI) groups of moderate (n = 33; BMI 20–24.9 kg/m2), overweight (n = 31; BMI 25–29.9 kg/m2), and obese (n =32; BMI ≥30 kg/m2).
Intervention: For each patient, follicular fluid was recovered from single follicles at oocyte retrieval, granulosa cells were pooled from multiple follicular aspirates and cumulus cells were pooled after separation from the oocytes.
Main Outcome Measures: Follicle fluid was assayed for hormones and metabolites. Granulosa and cumulus cells were analyzed for mRNA expression of insulin signaling components (IRS-2 and Glut4), glucose-regulated genes (ChREBP, ACC, and FAS) and insulin-regulated genes (SREBP-1, CD36, and SR-BI) associated with obesity/insulin resistance.
Results: Increasing BMI was associated with increased follicular fluid insulin (P &lt; 0.001), lactate (P = 0.01), triglycerides (P = 0.0003), and C-reactive protein (P &lt; 0.0001) as well as decreased SHBG (P = 0.001). IRS-2, Glut4, ChREBP, and SREBP exhibited cell-type-specific expression but were not affected by BMI. CD36 and SRBI mRNA were modestly altered in granulosa cells of obese compared with moderate-weight women.
Conclusions: Obese women exhibit an altered ovarian follicular environment, particularly increased metabolite, C-reactive protein, and androgen activity levels, which may be associated with poorer reproductive outcomes typically observed in these patients.
Synthesis of Organic Shell–Inorganic Core Hybrid Nanoparticles by Wet Process and Investigation of Their Advanced Functions
Authors: Yamada Mami 
Published: February 2009

Abstract
This account reviews the chemical synthesis of inorganic nanoparticles stabilized by an organic shell layer and the investigation of their specific characteristics. Consideration of design and construction of organic–inorganic hybrid nanoparticles by wet process is indispensable in order to exploit the unprecedented nature resulting from the fusion of both organic and inorganic traits. In a series of studies, two synthetic parameters were the center of focus: physical construction of the inorganic core and the chemical constituents introduced. External stimuli such as electric fields or solvent polarity can be utilized to transform the characteristics of nanoparticles when redox active or liquid crystalline molecules as an organic shell are attached to the surface of an inorganic nano-core. In another case, the catalytic activities of nanoparticles are controllable by modifying the crystal faces and the surface area of the inorganic cores in connection with shape and size. Novel nanomaterial has also been fabricated by choosing a metal coordination polymer as a core, leading to the first isolation of alkyl chain-stabilized metal coordination nano-polymers (MCNPs). The compounds are listed as Pt nano-cubes, size-selected Au nanoparticles, metal hexacyanoferrate MCNPs, and metal nanoparticles functionalized by biferrocene, anthraquinone, and triphenylene derivatives. Synthetic procedures and remarkable characteristics are demonstrated.
Construction of Supramolecular Systems Based on Endohedral Metallofullerenes
Authors: Tsuchiya Takahiro , Akasaka Takeshi , Nagase Shigeru 
Published: February 2009

Abstract
This account describes the redox behaviors of endohedral metallofullerenes having remarkable electron-accepting and -donating abilities, which accompany the transformation between their paramagnetic and diamagnetic states. A convenient method of isolating endohedral metallofullerene by means of selective reduction from carbon soot extracts is also developed. Successful isolation in large amount by utilizing this method allows examination of the construction of a supramolecular system based on endohedral metallofullerenes with azacrown ethers, unsaturated thiacrown ethers, and organic donor molecules. Consequently, endohedral metallofullerenes are revealed to form an inclusion complex with the crown compounds by electron transfer, and a stimuli-responsive reversible electron transfer system is constructed by using endohedral metallofullerenes and organic donors. These electron transfers proceed readily even in the ground state, which is a specific phenomenon for endohedral metallofullerenes.
Binding and Catalytic Properties of 2-O- and 3-O-Permethylated Cyclodextrins
Authors: Nagata Takuya , Yoshikiyo Keisuke , Matsui Yoshihisa , Yamamoto Tatsuyuki 
Published: February 2009

Abstract
Hexakis(3-O-methyl)-α-cyclodextrin (3α) bound to m- and p-nitrophenolate ions more strongly, whereas hexakis(2-O-methyl)-α-cyclodextrin (2α) bound less strongly than native α-cyclodextrin. ROESY spectra showed that the 3-O-methyl groups of 3α interact with the guest protons, whereas 2-O-methyl groups of 2α do not. 3α accelerated and 2α decelerated the cleavage of m-nitrophenyl acetate in an alkaline solution, suggesting that the C(2)–OH of α-cyclodextrin is more catalytic than the C(3)–OH. However, the catalytic effect of 3α was much smaller than that of native α-cyclodextrin. Loss of hydrogen bonding between the C(3)–OH and C(2)–OH by 3-O-permethylation is responsible for the small catalytic effects of 3α. Similar results were obtained for β-cyclodextrin analogs.
Structural Requirement for Chiral Recognition of Amino Acid by (18-Crown-6)-tetracarboxylic Acid: Binding Analysis in Solution and Solid States
Authors: Nagata Hiroomi , Machida Yoshio , Nishi Hiroyuki , Kamigauchi Miyoko , Minoura Katsuhiko , Ishida Toshimasa 
Published: February 2009

Abstract
(+)-(18-Crown-6)-tetracarboxylic acid (18C6H4) is used as a chiral selector for various amino acids, where the l-isomer is usually eluted prior to the d-isomer in HPLC using 18C6H4-linked column. To clarify the structural scaffold of (+)-18C6H4 responsible for chiral separation of amino acids, we have previously investigated the interaction mode between (+)-18C6H4 and amino acids using X-ray analysis. However, no conclusive results could be obtained to explain the reverse elution order in the case of serine and to establish a general separation rule of chiral amino acid by (+)-18C6H4 in HPLC. Thus, to clarify the exceptional result obtained with serine and to set a general separation rule, interaction between (+)-18C6H4 and α-amino-n-butyric acid, valine, and alanine, as methyl substitutes of the methyl groups for the hydroxy groups of serine and threonine, and the simplest chiral amino acid, respectively, was investigated both in solution and solid states. Consequently, it was found that an asymmetric bowl-like conformation of (+)-18C6H4 is necessary for chiral separation. This conformation is constructed by chiral-specific interaction between the Cα–H groups of the amino acid and the polar oxygen atoms of (+)-18C6H4. It was also found that the exceptional reverse elution observed with serine is due to additional interaction between the polar groups of the amino acid side chain and (+)-18C6H4.
Tropolone-Terminated Oligomeric Fluorophores with Responsive Properties to External Environment
Authors: Takagi Koji , Saiki Kazuhiro , Hayashi Hirokazu , Ohsawa Hiroyasu , Matsuoka Shin-ichi , Suzuki Masato 
Published: February 2009

Abstract
Tropolone-terminated oligomeric fluorophores (Tp2OP, Tp2OPV, and Tp2OPE) were prepared by palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions. A phenylene-type Tp2OP showed an emission maximum in the blue fluorescent region and the fluorescence quantum yield was relatively low. Tp2OPV and Tp2OPE, which included vinylene and ethynylene units as connecting groups, respectively, had emission maxima at longer wavelength regions than Tp2OP. The UV spectra of Tp2OP gradually red shifted as the dielectric constant of solvent increased. Tp2OP exhibited positive solvatofluorochromic behavior, which related to an increase of the dipole moment due to the charge-transfer characteristics of the emitting state. The fluorescence quantum yields (QYs) of fluorophores exponentially fell with increasing MeOH content in THF solution. Upon addition of CuCl2 to Tp2OP until the ratio of [Cu2+]/[Tp2OP] reached 1, the UV spectra exhibited a red-shift. The emission maximum wavelength of Tp2OP blue shifted and a remarkable decrease of the PL intensity was observed. Tp2OP showed metal ion-response, especially in PL spectra.
Exalted Resonance Demands in the Substituent Effects on the Acetolyses of 2-Arylethyl Trifluoromethanesulfonates Destabilized by CN and CF3 Groups
Authors: Usui Satoshi , Tsuboya Shoko , Umezawa Yukihiro , Hazama Ken , Okamura Mutsuo 
Published: February 2009

Abstract
Substituent effects on the acetolysis rates of 2-aryl-1-cyano-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl trifluoromethanesulfonates (α-OTf) and 2-aryl-2-cyano-2-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl trifluoromethanesulfonates (β-OTf) were investigated by using LArSR equation. The obtained ρ and r+ values were ρ = −3.28, r+ = 0.98 and ρ = −3.48, r+ = 0.93 for the acetolysis of α-OTf and β-OTf, respectively. The obtained ρ values are comparable to those for typical aryl-assisted solvolyses, but the r+ values are much larger. The large r+ values suggest that the ester bond cleavages in the deactivated aryl-assisted solvolyses are assisted by the strong participation of the β-aryl group.
Chlorophyll- and Bacteriochlorophyll-Derived Colorimetric Chemosensors for Amine Detection
Authors: Sasaki Shin-ichi , Kotegawa Yuki , Tamiaki Hitoshi 
Published: February 2009

Abstract
Chlorophyll and bacteriochlorophyll derivatives possessing a trifluoroacetyl group at the 3-position were synthesized as new colorimetric sensors for amine detection. α-Amino alcohol formation of the free-base chlorin and metallochlorins showed visual color changes from brown to purple and from green to blue, respectively. On the other hand, bacteriochlorin derivative showed large blue-shifts of the Qy peak in the near-infrared region (775 → 724 nm) and the Qx peak in the visible region (549 → 520 nm), which are advantageous points for amine sensing. Clear color change was observed from pink to turquoise by the formation of α-amino alcohol adduct.
The Origin of the Relative Stability of Axial Conformers of Cyclohexane and Cyclohexanone Derivatives: Importance of the CH/n and CH/π Hydrogen Bonds
Authors: Takahashi Osamu , Yamasaki Katsuyoshi , Kohno Yuji , Ueda Kazuyoshi , Suezawa Hiroko , Nishio Motohiro 
Published: February 2009

Abstract
Ab initio MO calculations were carried out at the MP2/6-311++G(d,p) level to investigate the Gibbs energy of conformational isomers of cyclohexanes cyclo-C6H11X 3 and cyclohexanones cyclo-C6H9OX 4. In 3, it has been found that the conformer bearing an oxygen or halogen atom (X = OCH3, F, Cl, and Br) at the axial orientation is relatively stable as compared to corresponding alkyl cyclohexanes; the result is consistent with documented experimental data. For X = CCH and CN, the axial conformer has been suggested to be slightly more stable. In 4, the axial conformer has been found to be more stable than the equatorial conformer, except for X = OH. Short non-bond distances have been disclosed in every axial conformer of 3 and 4, between axial CHs of the cyclohexane ring and X. The reason for the relative stability of the axial conformers has been sought in the context of the CH/n and CH/π hydrogen bonds. We suggest that a considerable part of the relative stability of the axial conformation is attributed to intramolecular CH/n and CH/π hydrogen bonds. Natural bonding orbital charges of the relevant atoms are consistent with the above suggestion.
Photochemical Removal of NO, NO2, and N2O by 146 nm Kr2 Excimer Lamp in N2 at Atmospheric Pressure
Authors: Tsuji Masaharu , Kamo Naohiro , Kawahara Takashi , Kawahara Masashi , Senda Makoto , Hishinuma Nobuyuki 
Published: February 2009

Abstract
The photochemical removal of NO, NO2, and N2O was investigated in N2 using a 146 nm Kr2 (25 mW cm−2) excimer lamp. The results obtained were compared with those obtained using 172 nm Xe2 (50 or 300 mW cm−2) excimer lamps. The removal rates of NO and NO2 at 146 nm were 11 and 36% slower than those at 172 nm, respectively. On the other hand, the removal rate of N2O at 146 nm was 21 times faster than that at 172 nm. The differences in the removal rates are discussed in terms of the absorption coefficient at each wavelength and effects of photoabsorption by N2 at 146 nm. By the addition of a small amount of O2 into an N2O/N2 mixture, the removal rate of N2O at 146 nm decreased greatly. On the basis of these facts, it was concluded that the 146 nm excimer lamp is especially useful for the N2O removal in N2 at atmospheric pressure.