bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medizinische Versorgung von Menschen in prekären Lebenssituationen in
Deutschland – Vergleichende Analyse von fünf Clearingstellen
Authors: Kirschner Wolf , Kretschmer Sandra , Zwirner Louise , James Jana 
Published: March 2024

ZusammenfassungPrekäre Lebenssituationen sind neben Erwerbslosigkeit, Erwerbsarmut, oft
ungesicherten Wohnverhältnissen und erhöhter Morbidität nicht selten zusätzlich
auch durch eine fehlende oder unzureichende Krankenversicherung gekennzeichnet.
In der Bundesrepublik Deutschland lebt eine nur schwer quantifizierbare Zahl von
Personen, die aus unterschiedlichen Gründen über einen nur eingeschränkten oder
überhaupt keinen Krankenversicherungsschutz verfügt. Dazu zählen Deutsche,
EU-Bürger*innen, Personen aus Drittstaaten, Wohnungs- und Obdachlose sowie
Personen ohne Papiere. Die gesundheitliche Versorgung der Betroffenen erfolgt
häufig weitgehend außerhalb des Regelsystems. Seit einigen Jahren gibt es in
einigen Bundesländern und Kommunen zusätzliche Projekte, um diesen
Problembereich durch Clearingstellen und/oder Kostenübernahmen für die
gesundheitliche Versorgung anzugehen und Übergänge in die Regelversorgung zu
schaffen. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden fünf dieser Projekte hinsichtlich ihrer
Struktur und Arbeitsweise vergleichend untersucht. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass
vielen Menschen damit geholfen werden kann, allerdings muss für eine Deckung des
hohen und weiter zunehmenden Bedarfs neben der sicher notwendigen Ausweitung und
Verstetigung der Projekte auch an umfassenderen Lösungen gearbeitet werden.
Gleichzeitig sollten die statistischen und epidemiologischen Datengrundlagen
dringend verbessert werden.
Das Deutsche Transplantationsregister – eine Analyse der Altdaten
2006–2016
Authors: Otto Gerd , Budde Klemens , Bara Christoph , Gottlieb Jens 
Published: March 2024

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung 2018 wurden transplantationsmedizinische Daten, die bei drei
Institutionen vorliegen, zusammengeführt, um ein deutsches
Transplantationsregister zu schaffen. Seit Juni 2021 besteht Zugriff auf Daten
des Registers. Um Sonderregelungen der Organallokation mit Regelallokation bei
Herz-, Leber-, Lungen- und Nierentransplantation zu vergleichen sollten die
Registerdaten analysiert werden. Unser Vorgehen führte zu einer Qualitätsanalyse
des Registers.
Methoden Auf Antrag wurden Altdaten des Registers bereitgestellt. Die
Daten sind in 61 Elemente gegliedert. Hieraus muss der Nutzer den benötigten
Datensatz zusammenstellen. Es erfolgten Prüfungen auf Vollständigkeit, korrekte
Zuordenbarkeit der Angaben und Übereinstimmung bei unterschiedlicher
Datenherkunft. Hierzu wurden die Datensoftwares R, SQL und Excel verwendet.
Ergebnisse Die Ausgangselemente (Elemente „Warteliste“) der 4
Transplantationsarten enthalten Daten von insgesamt 80.259 ursprünglich
gelisteten Patienten. Diese Patienten sind in anderen Elementen nur
unvollständig vorhanden, so dass sich für die Wartezeit nur in 23, 30, 50 und
96% sowie für den Verlauf nach Transplantation in 14, 11, 38 und 13% (Herz-,
Leber-, Lungen- und Nierentransplantation) ein vollständiger Datensatz
zusammenstellen lässt. Die Verknüpfung von Dringlichkeitsangaben mit klinischen
Angaben gelingt nur bei einem geringen Anteil, 6% bei der Herztransplantation.
Es finden sich regelwidrige und damit undenkbare Zuordnungen bei
Allokations-Sonderregelungen, was nur durch falsche Einträge im Register erklärt
werden kann. Daten unterschiedlicher Datenlieferanten sind widersprüchlich.
Diskussion und Schlussfolgerung Unvollständigkeit und fehlerhafte Datenzuordnung stellen
wissenschaftliche Studien anhand des Transplantationsregisters in Frage. Die
komplexe Struktur behindert zudem die Zusammenstellung eines verlässlichen
Datensatzes und ist international unüblich. Neudaten ab 2017 stehen erst seit
Dezember 2023 zur Verfügung. Das Transplantationsregister sollte dringend neu
strukturiert werden. Fachkompetentes klinisches Datenmanagement, Einbeziehung
transplantationsmedizinischer Expertise sowie kontinuierliche
Qualitätskontrollen sind dabei essentiell.
Ökonomische Relevanz vermeidbarer Beschäftigungsverbote an Schulen in
Bayern
Authors: Wolfschmidt-Fietkau Anna , Ochmann Uta , Hiller Julia , Nowak Dennis , Schöffski Oliver , Drexler Hans 
Published: March 2024

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Gemäß Mutterschutzgesetz können Immunitätslücken in Verbindung
mit einem erhöhten beruflichen Infektionsrisiko (z. B. in der Kinderbetreuung)
eine unverantwortbare Gefährdung für Schwangere am Arbeitsplatz darstellen. Kann
die Gefährdung nicht anderweitig beseitigt werden, muss der Arbeitgeber in
diesen Fällen ein betriebliches Beschäftigungsverbot (BV) aussprechen. Dieses
wäre immer dann theoretisch vermeidbar gewesen, wenn die ursächlichen
Immunitätslücken durch rechtzeitige Impfung hätten geschlossen werden
können.
Methoden Im Rahmen eines Forschungsvorhabens wurden vom 01.09.2016 bis zum
25.03.2020 1922 Schwangere an staatlichen bayerischen Schulen zur
Infektionsgefährdung am Arbeitsplatz beraten. Falls sich aus der Konstellation
von beruflichem Gefährdungsprofil und Immunstatus eine unverantwortbare
Gefährdung ergab, wurde ein BV ärztlich empfohlen. Wir ermittelten den Anteil
der BV, die theoretisch impfpräventabel gewesen wären und kalkulierten
näherungsweise die daraus resultierenden, theoretisch vermeidbaren
Arbeitszeitausfälle und Personalkosten.
Ergebnisse In 425 Fällen (22%) wurde ein betriebliches BV ärztlicherseits
für erforderlich erachtet. 193 (45%) der BV wurden retrospektiv als theoretisch
vermeidbar klassifiziert. Davon waren 53 (27%) befristet bis zur 20.
Schwangerschaftswoche und 140 unbefristet. Daraus ließ sich für unser Kollektiv
näherungsweise ein Ausfall von 2746 Arbeitswochen und ein Gesamtbetrag von etwa
5.763.305 € für theoretisch vermeidbare Personalausfälle im Beobachtungszeitraum
(3,6 Jahre) kalkulieren. Bei einer orientierenden Hochrechnung auf das gesamte
bayerische Schulpersonal resultierten 4.260 Wochen theoretisch vermeidbarer
Arbeitszeitausfall und theoretisch vermeidbare Kosten von fast 8.941.000 € pro
Jahr im Bezugszeitraum.
Schlussfolgerung Theoretisch vermeidbare BV aufgrund von Impflücken können
erhebliche Arbeitszeitausfälle und hohe Personalkosten nach sich ziehen. Daher
sollten verstärkt Maßnahmen ergriffen werden, um das Impfangebot an Frauen und
deren Impfbereitschaft zu vergrößern. Angesichts geänderter regulatorischer
Rahmenbedingungen in Deutschland seit 2020 sollten neue Erhebungen durchgeführt
werden, sobald ausreichend Daten nach Beendigung der pandemiebedingten
generellen BV vorliegen.
Perceptions, Experiences, and Patterns of Cannabis Use in Individuals
with Mood and Anxiety Disorders in the Context of Cannabis Legalization and
Medical Cannabis Program in Canada – A Qualitative Study
Authors: Das Ankita , Hendershot Christian S. , Husain M.Ishrat , Knyahnytska Yuliya , Elsaid Sonja , Le Foll Bernard , Kloiber Stefan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Introduction Perceptions of cannabis as a potential medical treatment for
mood and anxiety disorders have been increasing in the context of legalizations,
availability, and medical cannabis programs, though current evidence
predominately indicates risks and negative effects of cannabis use (CU) on
mental health outcomes. This study aims to understand motivations, perceptions,
effects, and patterns of CU in individuals with mood and anxiety disorders.
Methods Thirty-six adult patients diagnosed with mood or anxiety
disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, or posttraumatic stress disorder who
were currently using cannabis completed an in-depth qualitative interview on
individual motivations, perceptions, experiences, effects, and patterns of their
CU. The thematic analysis focused on phases of CU and sources of cannabis
products and information.
Results Reported motivations for initiation of CU included curiosity, peer
pressure, and dissatisfaction with conventional treatments. Factors such as
psychotropic effects and coping with mental health symptoms and insomnia
contributed to the continuation of CU. More negative effects, including
cognitive dysfunction, worsening of mood, and anxiety symptoms, were
acknowledged with ongoing CU. Concerning findings included common initiation of
CU before age 18, combined medical and recreational CU, rare consultation of
medical professionals on CU, and potential effects and harms.
Discussion Findings indicate individual complexity of motivations,
perceptions, and patterns of CU in the study population. The reported potential
beneficial effects of specific cannabis products should be further investigated.
Findings emphasize patient-provider dialogue on both CU and conventional
treatments. Information from this study can contribute to and inform the
development of education, prevention, and intervention strategies.
Pilonidal Sinus of the Anal Canal: A Rare Entity - Case Report
Authors: Baviskar Rahul Himmatrao , Baviskar Rita Rahul , Wagh Kiran Dharma 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPilonidal sinus is the term first used by Hodges in 1880 to describe a granulomatous lesion containing hairs. It has been previously described as hair extracted from an ulcer and referred to as Jeep's disease, in world war days. Pilonidal sinus is the condition in which a sinus or fistula is situated at a short distance from the anus and generally contains hairs. It is commonly observed in the sacrococcygeal region and a few other sites, such as the axilla, umbilicus, face, etc. Its presence elsewhere is uncommon. Predisposing factors are traumatized, hairy skin, which leads entry of the hair inside the wound, thus forming a sinus. A 31-year-old patient presented with discharging endoanal sinus tract, which, on exploration, turned out to be an endoanal pilonidal sinus containing hair tufts, a rare case. The patient complained of recurrent pus discharge and anal pain for 45 days, reporting history of travelling around 70 km daily in a two-wheeler vehicle.On first physical evaluation, a small endoanal bulge was found. It was located at 1 o'clock in lithotomy position (anterior), with purulent discharge and anterior anal fissure. For confirmation, an endoanal ultrasonography (USG) was performed, which showed a sinus tract containing internal echoes and gas bubbles with a small amount of pus. The sinus was explored, and a wide excision was made and left open for secondary healing.Pilonidal sinus of the anal canal is a rare entity, and it can be found in hairy patients who are used to going on long, daily rides on two wheeled vehicles.
Retrospective Study of Patients Submitted to Appendectomy in a Tertiary Hospital: Is There a Difference between the Public and Supplementary Health System?
Authors: Corrêa Neto Isaac José Felippe , Robles Amanda Gambi , Nishiyama Victor Keniti Gomes , Arita Sany Tomomi de Almeida Rocha , Sperandio Gabriel Fiorot Cruz , Nishikawa Lia Yumi Omori , Pinto Rodrigo Ambar , Robles Laercio 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Introduction Appendicitis is the surgical disease with the highest prevalence in emergency rooms. Its clinical and/or surgical complications are associated with the time course of symptoms, age, comorbidities, and stages of the disease.
Objectives To analyze the demographic and clinical data of patients who underwent appendectomy for acute appendicitis in a tertiary referral hospital in the city of São Paulo and compare these data between services provided by the Public and Supplementary Health System.
Methodology Retrospective analysis of data from electronic medical records of patients over 14 years old who underwent appendectomy for acute appendicitis at Hospital Santa Marcelina, both in the Public and Supplementary Health Systems from January 2015 to December 2017.
Results A total of 536 patients were analyzed, 354 (66%) of whom were male with a general mean age of 29.85 years (14–81 years). The mean time from symptoms to seeking medical care was 53.84 hours. Regarding the phases of acute appendicitis, a greater number of cases of complicated disease was observed in patients operated on in the Public Health System (p < 0.0001), as well as the time course of symptoms (p = 0.0005) and hospitalization (p = 0.0012). On the other hand, the surgical wound infection rate during the hospitalization period was similar between groups (p = 0.2118).
Conclusion There was a predominance of male patients undergoing appendectomy for acute appendicitis, with longer time course of symptoms in those operated on in the Public Health System and a predominance of appendicitis in advanced stages (3 and 4) in this group. However, in this group there was no significant increase in the rate of postoperative infection, and the length of stay was shorter than that of patients operated on in the Supplementary Health System.
Quality of Life and Financial Impacts of Permanent Colostomy for Rectal Cancer
Authors: Colbran R. , Gillespie C. , Christensen P. , Kristensen HØ. , Warwick A. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Introduction Returning to work is an important cancer recovery milestone. Permanent colostomy can be required for rectal cancer treatment and can significantly impact well-being. We aimed to evaluate the impact of permanent colostomy on health-related quality of life and return to work in patients with rectal cancer.
Methods This was a retrospective cohort study on 23 employed patients receiving curative surgery for rectal cancer requiring permanent colostomy. Demographic and health-related quality-of-life questionnaires (the Colostomy Impact Score (CIS), the EORTC Quality of Life Questionnaire (QLQ)-C30, and the EORTC QLQ-CR29) were posted to eligible patients.
Results On average, patients (10 female, 13 male, mean age 61.8 years) were 5.0 ± 3.5 years post-surgery. At the time of questioning, 73.9% had returned to work (21.7% changed their type of work), while 17.4% never returned to work. Of those that returned to work, 11.8% returned within 1 month of surgery, while 23.5% had not returned after 12 months. Comparison of CIS between patients that returned to the same work (14.6 ± 0.93), changed their work (13.0 ± 0.74), and did not return to work (14.3 ± 2.3) revealed no significant differences (p = 0.36). CIS did not correlate with days worked on return, or time to return to work (p > 0.05).
Conclusion Returning to work following rectal cancer treatment with permanent colostomy is challenging, with 17.4% never returning to work. Of those who returned to work, 23.5% required more than 12 months. This was not associated with CIS in our study.
Comment on ‘Thermodynamic relations and ro-vibrational energy levels of the improved Pöschl-Teller oscillator for diatomic molecules’
Authors: Fernández Francisco M 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We argue that the canonical partition function derived by Eyube et al (2021 J. Phys. B 5 155102) is not correct because the authors did not take into account the contribution of the rotational degrees of freedom. Consequently, the thermodynamic functions derived from it are unsuitable for any physical application.
Comparative study of the decay process of LIP and gas arc in SF6/N2 gas mixture by Thomson scattering
Authors: Liu Tianxiao , Sun Hao , Zhang Yushi , Lu Yang , Xiao Jianqiao , Li Gang , Niu Chunping , Wu Yi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The SF6/N2 gas mixture mitigates the challenges associated with the use and liquefaction problems of pure SF6. It has great significance to analyze the decay characteristics of the plasma in it. Laser-induced plasma (LIP) and gas arc represent two distinct types of plasma, differing significantly in energy density and duration. This study utilized collective Thomson scattering diagnostics to investigate the temporal and spatial evolution of electron density of these two plasmas, with varying SF6/N2 mix ratios as the gas medium. Our findings indicate that initially, the electron density in gas arc is lower, and its decay rate is generally slower compared to LIP. However, as the SF6 concentration increases, the decay process accelerates for both LIP and gas arcs. It is worth noting that when the SF6 volume fraction exceeds 70%, the decay rate of electron density approaches that of pure SF6 in both plasma types, suggesting a saturation effect near a 70% SF6/N2 mix ratio in terms of electron density decay.
Transmission electron microscopy reveals clusters of Au–Ag nanoparticles formed in TiO2 thin film, with enhanced plasmonic response
Authors: Costa Diogo , Rodrigues Marco S , Roiban Lucian , Borges Joel , Steyer Philippe , Vaz Filipe 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This work reports on the influence of nanoparticle (NP) size distribution and the chemical nature of gold (Au) and/or silver (Ag) NPs in the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) responses. The NPs were produced embedded in a titanium dioxide (TiO2) thin film, deposited by reactive magnetron sputtering technique followed by in-vacuum thermal treatment at 400 °C. High-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) gave quantitative key information in terms of both the size and distribution of the noble metal NPs. The average Feret diameter was 17 nm (σ = 8) and 55 nm (σ = 28) for Au/TiO2 and Ag/TiO2 films, respectively, while the Au–Ag/TiO2 film showed intermediate values, with an average size of 22 nm (σ = 9). HAAD-STEM, complemented by EDX chemical mapping, revealed an unusual formation of cluster structures containing local distributions of bimetallic (alloyed) Au–Ag NPs. The synergetic characteristics and properties of such bimetallic Au–Ag NPs resulted in an outstanding LSPR sensitivity compared to the monometallic counterparts. Furthermore, the analysis of the average nearest neighbor distances (about one order of magnitude lower than counterparts) suggests the existence of plasmonic hotspots relevant to be explored in sensing and surface-enhanced spectroscopies.
Why neural functionals suit statistical mechanics
Authors: Sammüller Florian , Hermann Sophie , Schmidt Matthias 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe describe recent progress in the statistical mechanical description of many-body systems via machine learning combined with concepts from density functional theory and many-body simulations. We argue that the neural functional theory by Sammülleret al(2023Proc. Natl Acad. Sci.120e2312484120) gives a functional representation of direct correlations and of thermodynamics that allows for thorough quality control and consistency checking of the involved methods of artificial intelligence. Addressing a prototypical system we here present a pedagogical application to hard core particle in one spatial dimension, where Percus’ exact solution for the free energy functional provides an unambiguous reference. A corresponding standalone numerical tutorial that demonstrates the neural functional concepts together with the underlying fundamentals of Monte Carlo simulations, classical density functional theory, machine learning, and differential programming is available online athttps://github.com/sfalmo/NeuralDFT-Tutorial.
Few-shot condition diagnosis of rolling bearing using adversarial transfer network with class aggregation-guided
Authors: Tian Shaoning , Zhen Dong , Sun Guohua , Liu Xiaoang , Feng Guojin , Gu Fengshou 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
For the challenge of fault identification under limited labeled data in engineering applications, a novel adversarial transfer network with class aggregation-guided (ATN-CA) is proposed for few-shot condition diagnosis of bearings. The ATN-CA can focus on the discrepancy features of bearings by the proposed local discrepancy feature representation, which avoids that the features extracted by a single neural network may omit important fault information. Further, the proposed class aggregation-guided strategy uses the semantic information of signals to guide the dynamic adaptation of marginal and conditional distributions of source and target data, which shortens the distribution distance of the same category in different domains, thus completing the transfer diagnosis. By comparing with some existing methods on the artificial and real bearing fault datasets, results show the proposed method has the highest test precision and the smallest accuracy deviation in the transfer diagnosis of bearings.
ASG-HOMGAT: a high-order multi-head graph attention network with adaptive small graph structure for rolling bearing fault diagnosis
Authors: Ding Shanshan , Chen Renwen , Liu Hao , Liu Fei , Zhang Junyi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Traditional Euclidean spatial data processing is difficult to capture the inherent relationships of unstructured data such as bearing vibration signals. Representing vibration signals in graphical form helps to preserve their topological structure and temporal information. Secondly, most existing graph convolutional network methods are based on large graph structured data, which incurs certain memory overhead when aggregating high-order neighborhood node information and ignores important information between samples in the global graph structure. To address these issues, this paper proposes a high-order multi-head graph attention network based on an adaptive small graph structure (ASG-HOMGAT) for fault diagnosis of rolling bearings. Firstly, the adaptive preprocessing layer is used to adaptively denoise and compress the one-dimensional time-domain vibration signal, generating small rule graph data with topological structure. Then, these small graph structured data samples are input into a higher-order graph neural network, which aggregates features from multiple higher-order neighborhoods to achieve richer feature representations and fully explore the intrinsic correlation between samples. Finally, these features are aggregated into a reinforced representation of graph nodes through a multi head attention mechanism, and a SoftMax classifier is used for fault classification. The experimental results show that the ASG-HOMGAT method has better performance compared to mainstream graph neural network diagnostic models. The code and model will be released at: https://github.com/ding-ss/ASG-HOMGAT.
A new fault diagnosis of rolling bearing on FFT image coding and L-CNN
Authors: Cui Kun , Liu Mei , Meng Yanan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
To address the problems of low diagnostic accuracy and slow diagnostic speed of the convolutional neural network (CNN) fault diagnosis method in rolling bearing diagnosis, a new rolling bearing fault diagnosis method based on fast Fourier transform (FFT) image coding and lightweight-CNN (L-CNN) is proposed. The method is mainly divided into three stages: firstly, the original signal is reconstructed by noise reduction using a joint noise reduction method of complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise, permutation entropy, and wavelet threshold denoise; then, the frequency spectra and phase spectra feature fusion data of the noise-reduced and reconstructed bearing vibration signals are obtained by FFT, the feature fusion data are encoded into a heat map, and the image coding data-set is fed into an improved L-CNN for fault diagnosis. Experiments were carried out using the Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology bearing fault data-set and the Case Western Reserve University bearing fault data-set with diagnostic accuracies of 98.75% and 99%, respectively. The results demonstrate that the method can effectively classify bearing fault vibration signals with the advantages of a fast diagnosis, high accuracy, and good generalization ability.