bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic factors in invasive gallbladder carcinoma
Authors: Friedman Richard B. , Anderson Renae E. , Gilchrist Kennedy W. , Carbone Paul P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe medical records of 52 patients from the University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics with carcinoma of the gallbladder were examined retrospectively. The cases were reviewed for factors in their medical history, presenting physical examination, laboratory data, therapy, pathological grade, and histology that might effect median survival. Only a prior complaint of anorexia, an elevated lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), or advanced pathologic stage at time of diagnosis provided significant prognostic information. Combining pathologic stage and histologic grade additively provided the most significant prognostic information [1]. Division of gallbladder carcinoma patients in future clinical trials by this combined (stage and grade) stratification scheme may prove helpful in assessing the efficacy of new therapies. The knowledge that anorexia and elevated LDH are poor prognostic findings may assist physicians in counseling patients with this malignancy.
Second malignancies diagnosed in patients receiving chemotherapy at the pennsylvania hospital
Authors: Lerner H. , Marcovitz E. , Schoenfeld D. , Zaren H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractDuring the past 15 years, the records of 2,020 patients who received chemotherapy on the surgical oncology, chemotherapy service at the Pennsylvania Hospital were reviewed. Thirty‐five patients had pathologically confirmed second independent malignant tumors (not recurrences). The second cancers that developed were varied. The patients who developed these second malignancies ranged in age from 35 to 77 years (24 females, 11 males). The time interval involved was two to 102 months. Nine patients in this group of second malignancies received prior radiation therapy.The following is a list of the second cancers. There were 8 colons, 5 ovaries, 5 lungs, 6 acute myelogenous leukemias, 1 esophagus, 2 bladders, 2 epidermoid carcinomas of the skin, 2 melanomas, 1 chronic lymphatic leukemia, 1 breast cancer, 1 non‐Hodgkin's malignant lymphoma, and 1 stomach cancer. The majority of second malignant tumors were amenable to some form of therapy, ie, surgery, radiation or chemotherapy. However, all of the acute myelogenous leukemias were totally refractory to any therapeutic modalities and rapidly expired.The majority of second cancers developed in patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy. This is a patient population with a much longer expected survival time, particularly when compared to patients receiving chemotherapy for advanced disease. Twenty‐five of the 34 second cancers developed in patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy for breast (14) or colorectal (11) cancers.The etiology of the second malignancies is very difficult to determine. However, alkylating agents appeared to be the possible etiologic agent involved in the development of acute myelogenous leukemia.
Surgery in patients with advanced germ cell malignancy following a clinical partial response to chemotherapy
Authors: Reddel R. R. , Thompson J. F. , Raghavan D. , Tattersall M. H. N. , Levi J. A. , Coupland G. A. E. , Fox R. M. , Coates A. S. , Woods R. L. , Ng A. B. P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwenty‐one patients with metastatic germ cell tumors achieved only partial clinical tumor regression following chemotherapy, and underwent surgical biopsy or resection of the residual tumor deposits. Sixteen (76%) are at present clinically disease‐free after a median 30+ months (range 17–50 months) from the time of surgery, and five (24%) died after 9–29 months. Adverse prognostic signs were the finding of persistent cancer at histopathological examination of the resected tumor masses, and the presence of elevated serum tumor markers at the time of surgery. Postchemotherapy surgery in this setting provides tissue for the prognostically important histopathological examination on which a decision regarding further chemotherapy may be based. In addition, it provides tumor bulk reduction in the cases of differentiated teratoma and persistent cancer.
Multiple primary cancers in Indian population: Metachronous and synchronous lesions
Authors: Vyas J. J. , Deshpande R. K. , Sharma Sanjay , Desai P. B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA retrospective study of 177 patients attending Tata Memorial Hospital over a period of 40 years from 1942 through 1981 is presented. These patients who had “primary lesions” in the head and neck region, breast, esophagus, lung, and elsewhere as carcinoma or sarcoma developed “second primary” at different sites, after the treatment for the primary lesion after a variable period over years—as “metachronous lesions” (139 patients). Another group of patients presented with “double primary” at initial clinical examination and investigations, and these were “synchronous” lesions (38 patients). The analysis brings out the relationship of these lesions in both groups to each other with reference to habits in Indian population, viz, pan chewing, tobacco smoking, and alcohol consumption and time interval and histological variations among these lesions. An interesting relationship has been observed in certain aerodigestive tract primary lesions developing second cancer due to continued effect of “carcinogens,” as habits are hard to die even after developing cancer. Analysis also brings out an interesting observation of involvement of “physiologically and anatomically” related organs developing second cancer at an interval or concurrently. A solitary pulmonary nodule or an opacity in a patient with extrathoracic cancer should not be considered as “metastatic” unless proved otherwise; metachronous lesions need to be treated energetically, adequately, efficiently, and aggressively in certain clinical situations for better results and salvage.
Mastectomy in the management of patients with inflammatory breast cancer
Authors: Morris Don M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractInflammatory carcinoma of the breast is rare and lethal. Since the early 1940s, operation except for biopsy has been contraindicated in patients with inflammatory breast cancer. Results with radiotherapy alone and with radiotherapy and chemotherapy are reviewed. Results of treating patients with initial chemotherapy and debulking surgery in patients who respond to chemotherapy are presented. Mastectomy may be safely performed in selected patients with inflammatory breast cancer. Local control will improve quality of life. By removing the breast and residual tumor after chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy, fungation, ulceration, and some of the clinical and psychological problems of uncontrolled local disease may be avoided. Mastectomy should be performed only in patients who responded well to preoperative therapy. Patients who do not respond to chemotherapy should be treated with radiotherapy and should not undergo operation. This approach has not been detrimental to survival or to ultimately achieving local control of the disease.
Colon carcinoma metastatic to the ovary
Authors: Tunca Josh C. , Starling James R. , Hafez Gholam R. , Buchler Dolores A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe reviewed 17 patients with colon carcinoma metastatic to the ovary seen from 1970–1980. This represents 2.5% of the total malignant ovarian neoplasms seen during this time period. In 3/17 patients, exploratory celiotomy was performed without preoperative barium enema, stool for occult blood, or colonoscopy. These patients subsequently were found to have a primary colon carcinoma. Colectomy was performed in 8/17 of our patients without prophylactic oophorectomy. All of these patients subsequently developed metastatic ovarian carcinoma. Long‐term survival in our series was dismal. We recommend (1) a compulsary colon examination to include colonoscopy prior to surgery for ovarian masses, and (2) prophylactic bilateral salphingo‐oophorectomy at the time of colectomy for colon carcinoma.
Multiple thoracotomy combined with chemotherapy in metastatic adrenal cortical carcinoma: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Appelqvist Pertti , Kostiainen Seppo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA case is reported in which multiple bilateral pulmonary metastasectiomies for metastatic adrenal cortical carcinoma were performed and which resulted in an unusually long survival of over 25 years from the first thoracotomy and over 28 years from removal of the primary adrenal cortical carcinoma. The patient is alive and free of tumor as of the latest follow‐up. We believe this is the longest survival after pulmonary metastasectomy for carcinoma published to date.
Relationship of the lymphoplasmacytic infiltration of skin tumors to tumor ulceration
Authors: Halter Susan A. , Dellon A. Lee 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates of 400 bening, borderline, and malignant skin tumors were assessed by light microscopy to determine the relationship between the presence of tumor ulceration and the histologic character of the infiltrate. Squamous cell carcinoma had the highest overall number of infiltrating lymphoplasmacytic cells, while seborrheic keratoses had the lowest. Plasma cells in the infiltrates were related significantly to tumor ulceration (P < .001). This suggests that the plasma cell infiltrates may be more related to tumor ulceration than to a tumorspecific response in these carcinomas. Small lymppocytes were most evident adjacent to areas of irregularity in the peripheral palisade or of squamous differentiation of the basal cell carciomas. This suggests that the presence of small lymphocytes, not plasma cells, is a response by the immunocompetent host to areas of tumor invasion.
A serotonin and βHCG‐producing islet cell carcinoma associated with focal nodular hyperplasia of the liver
Authors: Prinz Richard A. , Bermes Edward W. , Chejfec Gregorio , Fareed Jawed , Klich Janice 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA 48‐year‐old woman is described with a pancreatic islet cell carcinoma that had no clinical evidence of hormone production. This neoplasm was removed by radical distal pancreatectomy. Immunohistochemical and extraction studies performed on the tumor tissue revealed that it was producing serotonin and βHCG. Circulating levels of these hormones were elevated in preoperative serum samples that had been frozen. βHCG, a known tumor marker, has remained normal following operation, and this mirrors her clinical course since she has no evidence of disease 1.5 yr after operation. This patient also had focal nodular hyperplasia of the liver. It is possible that the trophoblastic hormone, βHCG, which was being produced in excess by the islet cell tumor, may have directly or indirectly caused or facilitated the development of focal nodular hyperplasia.
Surgery following initial treatment of ovarian carcinoma: Restaging (second‐look) and palliative operations
Authors: Jacobs Allan J. , Kubitz Rebecca L. , Scott Joseph C. , Kessinger M. Anne 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOf 73 patients treated for ovarian carcinoma at the University of Nebraska Medical Center between 1976 and 1982, 37 underwent a second operative procedure following initial surgery. A total of 14 had a second look following complete clinical response, 11 had intestinal diversion, and 12 underwent other procedures. Second‐look surgery proved useful in evaluating patients in clinical remission and directing subsequent management. The majority of patients whose operations were for persistent or recurrent disease had short survival. However, such surgery helps occasional patients and should be considered when circumstances warrant.
Cyclophosphamide activity against B16 melanoma in a rapid in vitro test system
Authors: Hill George J. , Hill Helene Z. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAn in vitro test system is described for evaluation of the response of tumor cells to chemotherapeutic agents. The test is simple and rapid and does not require the use of sterile technique. The response of B16 melanoma in vivo in C57BL/6 mice to single graded doses of cyclophosphamide is compared to the response of B16 tumor cells in vitro to cyclophosphamide that has been activated in vivo and recovered in plasma. The assay involves preincubating the tumor cells with the activated drug and subsequently measuring the ability of the cells to incorporate [3H]dThd ([3H] thymidine) into acid‐insoluble material. In vivo activated drug is maximally effective in 20 min and the entire test can be completed within 8 hr. This test may be useful as a rapid preliminary screening method to predict the effect of chemotherapy on cancer.
In vitro chemotherapy sensitivity patterns of human colon carcinoma continuous cell lines
Authors: Agrez M. V. , Ames M. M. , Lieber M. M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe cells obtained from four established human colon carcinoma cell lines were cultured in soft agar in the presence of eight chemotherapeutic agents that have been used clinically in patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma. 5‐Fluorouracil, mitomycin C, adriamycin, and cis‐platinum were highly cytotoxic in vitro at the concentrations employed. These findings were in marked contrast to in vitro chemotherapy sensitivity patterns previously reported by us for a large series of primary human colorectal carcinomas cultured in soft agar. The possible reasons behind these differences are discussed.
Experimental cancer of the bowel in the Nb rat
Authors: Joehl Raymond J. , Drago Joseph R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAn animal model of bowel cancer, induced by 1,2‐dimethyl hydrazine, has been developed in the Nb rat. Invasive polypoid carcinomas of the colon were noted in nine rats surviving 29 weeks after the carcinogen was first administered. Two of these nine rats also developed duodenal carcinomas. Because dosage schedules are known from previous experiments with the Nb rat, this animal model may be useful for evaluating the effects of cytotoxic drugs on experimental bowel cancer.
Enhanced tumor growth in experimental whole body hyperthermia
Authors: Wile Alan G. , Nahabedian Maurice Y. , Mason G. Robert 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the interaction of heat and chemotherapy in experimental whole body hyperthermia (WBH). A vascular technique of extracorporeal perfusion was employed to rapidly elevate body temperature in rabbits carrying the transplantable VX‐2 carcinoma. Hyperthermia (> 41°C) was achieved in a mean time of 28 minutes. Tumor‐bearing rabbits receiving WBH alone exhibited poor mean survival (14 days) relative to untreated tumor‐bearing animals (32 days) and the group receiving IV Cis‐platinum alone (50 days) (NS, p < .05 respectively). WBH with Cis‐platinum was intermediate in terms of mean survival (30 days, NS) between the WBH alone and Cis‐platinum alone groups. In this experimental model we have determined WBH to be a detrimental form of cancer therapy. Its action appears to enhance tumor proliferation, resulting in rapid animal demise. In light of these findings a reevaluation of clinical WBH may be warranted.
Massive intraabdominal bleeding due to a retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma
Authors: Witz Misha , Shpitz Baruch , Dinbar Alex 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRetroperitoneal leiomyosarcomas are rare and show a tendency toward large size, cystic degeneration, bleeding, and extensions by infiltration to the adjacent structures. An unusual case of a retroperitoneal cystic leiomyosarcoma with massive intraabdominal bleeding is presented.
Computerized tomography in malignant tumors
Authors: Karakousis C. P. , Jennings E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractComputerized tomography (CT) was used in the evaluation or follow‐up of 89 patients with malignant tumors. Excellent correlation was found between the preoperative CT findings and those at surgical resection of the tumor in 52 patients. CT scan was the only test demonstrating the tumor mass in 18% and was superior to other tests in 67% of patients. When used as a follow‐up test to detect recurrence in 74 patients, it was the first test to reveal recurrence in 30.5% of 36 patients who developed recurrence. It was false negative in one patient, and gave rise to false positive interpretations in seven patients. Overall, the CT scan was superior to conventional readiologic techniques, but the latter are not replaced completely and remain essential in the pertinent anatomical situations.
The distribution of acidic coomassie blue‐stained proteins from uninvolved human liver, hepatoma, normal colon, primary colon cancer, and colon metastases to the liver, determined by two‐dimensional protein electrophoresis
Authors: Anderson K. M. , Baranowski J. , Olson L. , Economou S. G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe distribution of Coomassie blue‐stained proteins from uninvolved regions of 4 human livers, from 1 hepatocellular carcinoma, and from 4 samples each of uninvolved colon, primary adenocarcinoma of the colon, and colon cancer metastatic to the liver was analyzed by two‐dimensional protein electrophoresis. From a comparison of acidic proteins between pI 3.5 and 6.5, we conclude (1) that the majority (66 of 82) of denoted acidic proteins from 4 normal liver samples were represented in the hepatocellular carcinoma. Fifty‐one of 58 proteins denoted in the 4 colon samples were detected in each of the 4 primary colon cancers; (2) that the “normograms” of proteins from normal colon and normal liver differed in many details, and their dissimilar patterns identified the source of the sample; (3) that hepatoma and primary adenocarcinoma of the colon were easily distinguished by their distribution of proteins; (4) that colon cancer metastatic to the liver contained a majority (50/58) of acidic proteins enumerated in primary colon cancer. These results indicate that uninvolved liver and colon and their primary or secondary cancers can be identified by their distribution of electrophoresed acidic proteins.
Superficial lymph node infarction
Authors: Pietrafitta Joseph J. , Grasberger Robert C. , Deckers Peter J. , Giampaolo Casimiro M. , Kondi Edward S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSuerficial lymph node necrosis is an unusual pathologic diagnosis encountered in clinical practice. When seen it is usually indicative of involvement of the affected lymph nodes with either metastatic cancer or lymphoma. Occasionally it has been associated with hypersensitivity phenomena with arteriolar involvement. The underlying etiology in all of these instances is extensive occlusion of the rich vascular supply to the node. Rarely cases are seen where no clear‐cut etiology can be found. Ten such cases have been reported in the medical literature including the case published in this report. Its occurrence, however, may be more common than previously recognized. Preoperatively it is usually not possible to distinguish this entity from the other diagnoses for which it is generally mistaken. These other diagnoses most commonly include femoral hernia and mass in the axillary tail of the breast. The patient reported here is unusual in regard to the size of the lesion encountered. In other published reports very few lymph nodes were involved. In this case extensive involvement of a large mass of nodes was noted. Once the diagnosis is made limited work‐up as well as further close observation is important since it may herald the occurrence of a lymphoproliferative disorder.
The Nb rat prostatic adenocarcinoma's dose response to methotrexate and adriamycin
Authors: Drago Joseph R. , Palmer John 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe Noble rat prostatic adenocarcinoma, Nb‐Pr‐A.I.‐II, an androgen‐insensitive tumor, is the subject of this experiment. Dose responses were carried out with treatment of these tumors with three doses of adriamycin and two doses of methotrexate. Adriamycin treatment resulted in decreased tumor volume and decreased number of metastases in the higher dosage. Methotrexate also decreased metastasis and tumor volume. No animal treated with either of these agents in this protocol had the tumor undergo complete tumor regression, a criteria used in evaluation of chemotherapies with this animal model.
Immunity in esophageal carcinoma
Authors: Advani S. H. , Kutty P. M. , Gopal R. , Swaroop S. , Nair C. N. , Dinshaw K. A. , Damle S. R. , Nadkarni J. S. , Akolkar P. N. , Gothaskar B. P. , Vyas J. J. , Desai P. B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn carcinoma of the esophagus, response to in vivo sensitization with recall antigens and DNCB was markedly depressed with 13% and 16% positivity respectively. Similarly, the number of T‐cells was found to be significantly low (24 ± 14) as compared to normal control (61 ± 23). Blastogenesis index with PHA was only 1.75 ± 1.04 in contrast to normal of 6.79 ± 2.57. This depression was independent of serum albumin level and body weight. Cell‐mediated immunity was further depressed following radiotherapy and did not improve following enteral alimentation for 3 weeks. In untreated patients, there was a significant rise in levels of IgA (298 ± 184 mg/100 ml) as compared to normal (154 ± 54 mg/100 ml). Levels of IgA did show a downward trend following enteral hyperalimentation. Circulating immune complexes and serum CEA level were elevated in almost 50% of patients. These data confirm the influence of tumor‐related impairment of cell‐mediated immunity while nutrition appears to affect IgA levels.
Submucous lipoma of the transverse colon: Report of one case
Authors: Mauriziodi P. Di , Bracci F. , Colizza S. , Cianconi C. , Crisci E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA case of submucous lipoma of the transverse colon is reported. The patient, a man aged 61, complained of recurrent crampy periumbilical pain. A plain x‐ray of the abdomen was negative, while a barium enema showed an intramural filling defect of the transverse colon which was interpreted as a probably degenerated colonic polyp. Laparotomy did not clarify the diagnosis which was readily clear when the lesion was cut, and confirmed by histology.
Tumor specific reactivity during development of N‐methyl‐N‐nitrosourea‐induced rat colon cancer
Authors: Weese James L. , Starling James R. , Syrjala Steven 
Published: February 2007

AbstractInvasive colon adenocarcinomas with lymph node metastases can be induced in Sprague‐Dawley rats by 15 weekly intrarectal injections of 2 mg N‐methyl‐N‐nitrosourea (NMU). Extracts were prepared from invasive adenocarcinomas and normal rat colon mucosa by a 2 phase gradient. Mixed leukocyte tumor interaction (MLTI) assays stimulating lymphocytes from tumor‐bearing and normal rats were performed using these extracts. Quadruplicate cultures were established with 2 × 105 lymphocytes and tumor or normal colon extract. Cultures were pulsed with H3 thymidine at 7 days and harvested 6 hours later. Results were expressed as net counts (experimental CPM minus background CPM). Reactivity in tumor‐bearing animals was first seen when rat colons showed intraepithelial dysplasia histologically and was maximal when early invasive colon tumor were present. No difference in stimulation was seen between tumor‐bearing and normal animal lymphocyte reactivity with normal colon extract. In conclusion, animals with NMU‐induced rat colon cancer show specific tumor reactivity in MLTI assays. Immune reactivity in these animals may provide clues to clinical tumor status by immunologic assay.
Management of osteoradionecrosis of the mandible with myocutaneous flaps
Authors: Baker Shan R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractInvolvement of large areas of the mandible or the entire mandible with osteoradionecrosis may result in severe functional disability and cosmetic deformity. The use of a well‐vascularized pectoralis major myocutaneous flap from outside the original field of irradiation has been successful in obtaining functional and cosmetic goals. Myocutaneous flaps provide bulk for contour and tissue support, and their rich vascular supply promotes healing of the heavily irradiated soft tissue and bone. Successful bone grafting for mandibular reconstruction may follow control of the osteoradionecrosis.