bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Liquid Plug Motion Noninvasive Detecting in Opaque Microchannels via Grating Electrodes‐Based Liquid‐Solid Nanogenerator
Authors: Zhao Nannan , Du Hengxu , Zou Meng , Xi Ziyue , Yang Hengyi , Dong Bowen , Wang Yawei , Yu Hongyong , Xu Ruijiang , Dong Fangyang , Wang Huiwen , Xu Minyi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe precision in controlling fluid flow is crucial for the efficiency of microchannel devices. Consequently, it is essential to monitor the fluid within microchannels in real time. However, the microchannel flow's susceptibility to disturbance and small size present challenges in sensing. A Liquid‐Solid Triboelectric Nanogenerator (TENG) with grating electrodes is proposed for non‐invasive sensing of liquid plug movements in microchannels and is suitable for use with opaque channels. This sensor operates on the principle of initiating multiple pulse signals via grating electrodes. And analyze the motion of the liquid plug by the time difference between the signal peaks. It facilitates the measurement of liquid plug count, average speed, average acceleration, and the detection of flow direction. The liquid plug counters, and flow direction sensors yielded clear and distinguishable signals. The liquid plug average speed sensor achieves a 95% accuracy rate, and the acceleration sensor accurately distinguishes speed trends of the liquid plug with more than 85% precision. Grating electrodes are effectively employed for motion sensing. Analyzing the motion of an object by the time difference between voltage peaks offers greater stability than voltage magnitude analysis. Four portable prototypes are designed to make them applicable for fluid sensing in microchannel devices.
Resistive Self‐Sensing Controllable Fabric‐Based Actuator: A Novel Approach to Creating Anisotropy
Authors: Yilmaz Ayse Feyza , Ozlem Kadir , Khalilbayli Fidan , Celebi Mehmet Fatih , Kalaoglu Fatma , Atalay Asli Tuncay , Ince Gökhan , Atalay Ozgur 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDesigning advanced soft robots with soft sensing capabilities for real‐world applications remains challenging due to the intricate integration of actuation and sensor capabilities, which require diverse materials and complex procedures. This paper introduces a fabric‐based robotic technology featuring an “all textile‐based self‐sensing pneumatic actuator” and a low‐cost resistive strain sensor created through simple sewing techniques. The novel approach eliminates the need for additional strain‐limiting woven fabric, simplifying the manufacturing process. It also enables the development of bioinspired motions such as bending, twisting, and snake‐like movements. The electromechanical behaviors of the sensor and bending actuator are tested for their performance under positive air pressure. Through mathematical modeling, the actuator's sensing capacity is estimated accurately, providing precise feedback for pressure and position control. Different closed‐loop controller types, including On–Off and Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) control, are evaluated for their effectiveness. Furthermore, the practical application of the sensing actuator is demonstrated by integrating it into a wearable glove, showcasing its enhanced sensing capabilities for finger‐like soft wearable robotic applications. This research tackles the challenges associated with designing advanced soft robots with integrated sensing capabilities, offering a promising fabric‐based solution that can drive significant advancements in real‐world applications.
Sphractal: Estimating the Fractal Dimension of Surfaces Computed from Precise Atomic Coordinates via Box‐Counting Algorithm
Authors: Ting Jonathan Yik Chang , Wood Andrew Thomas Agars , Barnard Amanda Susan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe fractal dimension of a surface allows its degree of roughness to be characterized quantitatively. However, limited effort is attempted to calculate the fractal dimension of surfaces computed from precisely known atomic coordinates from computational biomolecular and nanomaterial studies. This work proposes methods to estimate the fractal dimension of the surface of any 3D object composed of spheres, by representing the surface as either a voxelized point cloud or a mathematically exact surface, and computing its box‐counting dimension. Sphractal is published as a Python package that provides these functionalities, and its utility is demonstrated on a set of simulated palladium nanoparticle data.
Construction of Reconfigurable and Polymorphic DNA Origami Assemblies with Coiled‐Coil Patches and Patterns
Authors: Teng Teng , Bernal‐Chanchavac Julio , Stephanopoulos Nicholas , Castro Carlos E. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDNA origami nanodevices achieve programmable structure and tunable mechanical and dynamic properties by leveraging the sequence‐specific interactions of nucleic acids. Previous advances have also established DNA origami as a useful building block to make well‐defined micron‐scale structures through hierarchical self‐assembly, but these efforts have largely leveraged the structural features of DNA origami. The tunable dynamic and mechanical properties also provide an opportunity to make assemblies with adaptive structures and properties. Here the integration of DNA origami hinge nanodevices and coiled‐coil peptides are reported into hybrid reconfigurable assemblies. With the same dynamic device and peptide interaction, it is made multiple higher‐order assemblies (i.e., polymorphic assembly) by organizing clusters of peptides into patches or arranging single peptides into patterns on the surfaces of DNA origami to control the relative orientation of devices. The coiled‐coil interactions are used to construct circular and linear assemblies whose structure and mechanical properties can be modulated with DNA‐based reconfiguration. Reconfiguration of linear assemblies leads to micron scale motions and ≈2.5‐10‐fold increase in bending stiffness. The results provide a foundation for stimulus‐responsive hybrid assemblies that can adapt their structure and properties in response to nucleic acid, peptide, protein, or other triggers.
Phosphorylated SHMT2 Regulates Oncogenesis Through m6A Modification in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Han Tianyu , Wang Yanan , Cheng Minzhang , Hu Qifan , Wan Xiaorui , Huang Menglin , Liu Yuhan , Xun Wenze , Xu Jin , Wang Lei , Luo Ruiguang , Yuan Yi , Wang Keru , Wang Jianbin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTargeting cancer‐specific metabolic processes is a promising therapeutic strategy. Here, this work uses a compound library that directly inhibits metabolic enzymes to screen the potential metabolic targets in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). SHIN1, the specific inhibitor of serine hydroxymethyltransferase 1/2 (SHMT1/2), has a highly specific inhibitory effect on LUAD cells, and this effect depends mainly on the overexpression of SHMT2. This work clarifies that mitogen‐activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1)‐mediated phosphorylation at Ser90 is the key mechanism underlying SHMT2 upregulation in LUAD and that this phosphorylation stabilizes SHMT2 by reducing STIP1 homology and U‐box containing protein 1 (STUB1)‐mediated ubiquitination and degradation. SHMT2‐Ser90 dephosphorylation decreases S‐adenosylmethionine levels in LUAD cells, resulting in reduced N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) levels in global RNAs without affecting total protein or DNA methylation. Methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (MeRIP‐Seq) and RNA sequencing (RNA‐Seq) analyses further demonstrate that SHMT2‐Ser90 dephosphorylation accelerates the RNA degradation of oncogenic genes by reducing m6A modification, leading to the inhibition of tumorigenesis. Overall, this study elucidates a new regulatory mechanism of SHMT2 during oncogenesis and provides a theoretical basis for targeting SHMT2 as a therapeutic target in LUAD.
Blocking Ubiquitin‐Specific Protease 7 Induces Ferroptosis in Gastric Cancer via Targeting Stearoyl‐CoA Desaturase
Authors: Guan Xiaoqing , Wang Yichao , Yu Wenkai , Wei Yong , Lu Yang , Dai Enyu , Dong Xiaowu , Zhao Bing , Hu Can , Yuan Li , Luan Xin , Miao Kai , Chen Bonan , Cheng Xiang‐Dong , Zhang Weidong , Qin Jiang‐Jiang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractGastric cancer (GC) presents a formidable global health challenge, and conventional therapies face efficacy limitations. Ubiquitin‐specific protease 7 (USP7) plays pivotal roles in GC development, immune response, and chemo‐resistance, making it a promising target. Various USP7 inhibitors have shown selectivity and efficacy in preclinical studies. However, the mechanistic role of USP7 has not been fully elucidated, and currently, no USP7 inhibitors have been approved for clinical use. In this study, DHPO is identified as a potent USP7 inhibitor for GC treatment through in silico screening. DHPO demonstrates significant anti‐tumor activity in vitro, inhibiting cell viability and clonogenic ability, and preventing tumor migration and invasion. In vivo studies using orthotopic gastric tumor mouse models validate DHPO's efficacy in suppressing tumor growth and metastasis without significant toxicity. Mechanistically, DHPO inhibition triggers ferroptosis, evidenced by mitochondrial alterations, lipid Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), Malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation, and iron overload. Further investigations unveil USP7's regulation of Stearoyl‐CoA Desaturase (SCD) through deubiquitination, linking USP7 inhibition to SCD degradation and ferroptosis induction. Overall, this study identifies USP7 as a key player in ferroptosis of GC, elucidates DHPO's inhibitory mechanisms, and highlights its potential for GC treatment by inducing ferroptosis through SCD regulation.
Unveiling Alterations of Epigenetic Modifications and Chromatin Architecture Leading to Lipid Metabolic Reprogramming during the Evolutionary Trastuzumab Adaptation of HER2‐Positive Breast Cancer
Authors: Duan Ningjun , Hua Yijia , Yan Xueqi , He Yaozhou , Zeng Tianyu , Gong Jue , Fu Ziyi , Li Wei , Yin Yongmei 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSecondary trastuzumab resistance represents an evolutionary adaptation of HER2‐positive breast cancer during anti‐HER2 treatment. Most current studies have tended to prioritize HER2 and its associated signaling pathways, often overlooking broader but seemingly less relevant cellular processes, along with their associated genetic and epigenetic mechanisms. Here, transcriptome data is not only characterized but also examined epigenomic and 3D genome architecture information in both trastuzumab‐sensitive and secondary‐resistant breast cancer cells. The findings reveal that the global metabolic reprogramming associated with trastuzumab resistance may stem from genome‐wide alterations in both histone modifications and chromatin structure. Specifically, the transcriptional activities of key genes involved in lipid metabolism appear to be regulated by variant promoter H3K27me3 and H3K4me3 modifications, as well as promoter‐enhancer interactions. These discoveries offer valuable insights into how cancer cells adapt to anti‐tumor drugs and have the potential to impact future diagnostic and treatment strategies.
Concentrated Solar Light Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting for Stable and High‐Yield Hydrogen Production
Authors: Dong Wan Jae , Ye Zhengwei , Tang Songtao , Navid Ishtiaque Ahmed , Xiao Yixin , Zhang Bingxing , Pan Yuyang , Mi Zetian 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPhotoelectrochemical water splitting is a promising technique for converting solar energy into low‐cost and eco‐friendly H2 fuel. However, the production rate of H2 is limited by the insufficient number of photogenerated charge carriers in the conventional photoelectrodes under 1 sun (100 mW cm−2) light. Concentrated solar light irradiation can overcome the issue of low yield, but it leads to a new challenge of stability because the accelerated reaction alters the surface chemical composition of photoelectrodes. Here, it is demonstrated that loading Pt nanoparticles (NPs) on single crystalline GaN nanowires (NWs) grown on n+‐p Si photoelectrode operates efficiently and stably under concentrated solar light. Although a large number of Pt NPs detach during the initial reaction due to H2 gas bubbling, some Pt NPs which have an epitaxial relation with GaN NWs remain stably anchored. In addition, the stability of the photoelectrode further improves by redepositing Pt NPs on the reacted Pt/GaN surface, which results in maintaining onset potential >0.5 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode and photocurrent density >60 mA cm−2 for over 1500 h. The heterointerface between Pt cocatalysts and single crystalline GaN nanostructures shows great potential in designing an efficient and stable photoelectrode for high‐yield solar to H2 conversion.
Self‐Assembly of Organic Semiconductors on Strained Graphene under Strain‐Induced Pseudo‐Electric Fields
Authors: Hwang Jinhyun , Park Jisang , Choi Jinhyeok , Lee Taeksang , Lee Hyo Chan , Cho Kilwon 
Published: March 2024

AbstractGraphene is used as a growth template for van der Waals epitaxy of organic semiconductor (OSC) thin films. During the synthesis and transfer of chemical‐vapor‐deposited graphene on a target substrate, local inhomogeneities in the graphene—in particular, a nonuniform strain field in the graphene template—can easily form, causing poor morphology and crystallinity of the OSC thin films. Moreover, a strain field in graphene introduces a pseudo‐electric field in the graphene. Here, the study investigates how the strain and strain‐induced pseudo‐electric field of a graphene template affect the self‐assembly of π‐conjugated organic molecules on it. Periodically strained graphene templates are fabricated by transferring graphene onto an array of nanospheres and then analyzed the growth and nucleation behavior of C60 thin films on the strained graphene templates. Both experiments and a numerical simulation demonstrated that strained graphene reduced the desorption energy between the graphene and the C60 molecules and thereby suppressed both nucleation and growth of the C60. A mechanism is proposed in which the strain‐induced pseudo‐electric field in graphene modulates the binding energy of organic molecules on the graphene.
Hepatocellular Carcinoma LINC01116 Outcompetes T Cells for Linoleic Acid and Accelerates Tumor Progression
Authors: Ma Kun , Chu Junhui , Liu Yufeng , Sun Linmao , Zhou Shuo , Li Xianying , Ji Changyong , Zhang Ning , Guo Xinyu , Liang Shuhang , Cui Tianming , Hu Qingsong , Wang Jiabei , Liu Yao , Liu Lianxin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary liver cancer with a highly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and a typical pattern of disturbances in hepatic lipid metabolism. Long non‐coding RNAs are shown to play an important role in the regulation of gene expression, but much remains unknown between tumor microenvironment and lipid metabolism as a bridging molecule. Here, long intergenic nonprotein coding RNA 01116 (LINC01116) acts as this molecular which is frequently upregulated in HCC patients and associated with HCC progression in vitro and in vivo is identified. Mechanistically, LINC01116 stabilizes EWS RNA‐binding protein 1 (EWSR1) by preventing RAD18 E3 Ubiquitin Protein Ligase (RAD18) ‐mediated ubiquitination. The enhanced EWSR1 protein upregulates peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha (PPARA) and fatty acid binding protein1 (FABP1) expression, a long‐chain fatty acid (LCFA) transporter, and thus cancer cells outcompete T cells for LCFAs, especially linoleic acid, for seeding their own growth, leading to T cell malfunction and HCC malignant progression. In a preclinical animal model, the blockade of LINC01116 leads to enhanced efficacy of anti‐PD1 treatment accompanied by increased cytotoxic T cell and decreased exhausted T cell infiltration. Collectively, LINC01116 is an immunometabolic lncRNA and the LINC01116‐EWSR1‐PPARA‐FABP1 axis may be targetable for cancer immunotherapy.
Genetic data confirm the presence of juvenile Alosa alosa in the estuary of the River Tamar
Authors: King R. Andrew , Hillman Rob , Boyle Jay , Stevens Jamie R. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWithin the UK, allis shad (Alosa alosa) are classified as Critically Endangered and are known to breed in only a single river, the Tamar. Despite evidence of spawning within the lower freshwater reaches of the river and at the tidal limit within the estuary, juvenile allis shad have never been found. Genetic analysis, based on mitochondrial DNA haplotype and nuclear Polymerase Chain Reaction ‐ Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR‐RFLP) data, confirmed that juvenile shad found within the lower Tamar estuary in autumn 2022 were A. alosa.
Salt and heavy metal stress responses and metal uptake potentials of some leafy vegetables
Authors: Nasircilar Ayse Gul , Ulukapi Kamile , Topcuoglu Bulent , Kurubas Seckin , Erkan Mustafa 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAbiotic stress conditions caused by increasing anthropogenic activities over the years necessitate using marginal waters in agricultural irrigation and pose a risk to public health by causing salt stress and heavy metal pollution in the soil. The study exposed rocket (Eruca sativaL.), cress (Lepidium sativumL.), and parsley (Petroselinum crispumMill.) plants to heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Ni, Pb, Cd, and Cr at rates of 300, 140, 75, 300, 3, and 100 mg kg−1, respectively) and salt stress (3, 6, and 9 dS m−1). Both stress conditions affected plant growth negatively. Biomass losses reaching 88% occurred in the rocket, which was determined to be more sensitive to salt stress than heavy metal stress. In parsley, on the other hand, it was determined that the above‐ground organs were more affected by salt stress, but the negative effect of heavy metal stress on the roots was higher than salt stress. In cress, the cultivars produced different responses to stress factors. The Zeybek cultivar was more affected by salt stress, and Bahargülü was more affected by heavy metal stress. In general, an increase in macro‐ and micronutrients was found under stress conditions. In addition, it was determined that the plants were hyper‐accumulative in terms of lead absorption and were sorted as cress > parsley > rocket in terms of metal uptake. According to these findings, these plants should be grown taking into account the lead values in the soil, and consumers should be aware that they are a group of vegetables that accumulate lead.
The latest insights into rare blood disorders: Diagnosis and treatment strategies
Authors: Kuter David J. , Cataland Spero R. , Broome Catherine M. , Neunert Cindy 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPlease visit https://bit.ly/AJHpodcast to complete the accredited learning activity and receive CME credit or NCPD contact hours.Because immune‐mediated rare blood disorders are uncommon, healthcare providers often lack the knowledge and experience necessary to identify, diagnose, and treat them in accordance with best practices. As a result, there are significant gaps in care, including delays in diagnosis and suboptimal treatment. To ensure that more patients with these rare disorders are offered quality, evidence‐based care, it is essential that healthcare providers possess up‐to‐date information about best practices and new developments in this area of medicine. In this activity, composed of three podcasts, an expert moderator will interview three expert faculty members about evidence‐based guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura; developments in the diagnosis and treatment of cold agglutinin disease; and the challenges of achieving enduring remission in patients with immune thrombocytopenia.
“Breaking down in tears, soaked in sweat, and sick from the heat”: Media‐based composite narratives of first responders working during the 2021 Heat Dome
Authors: Tetzlaff Emily J. , Cassan Casey , Goulet Nicholas , Gorman Melissa , Hogya Brooks , Kenny Glen P. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundDuring the summer of 2021, a deadly, unprecedented multiday Heat Dome engulfed western Canada. As a result of this extreme heat event (EHE), emergency dispatchers received an unparalleled increase in incoming 911 calls for ambulance, police, and fire (as first responders) services to attend to hundreds of heat‐vulnerable community members succumbing to the heat. With 103 all‐time heat records broken during this EHE and indoor temperatures of nearly 40°C, the first responders attending these calls faced extensive job demands and highly challenging operating conditions. Initial investigations have explored the health system‐level impacts; however, little has been done to explore the impact on the first responders themselves. Therefore, this study aimed to improve our understanding of EHEs' impacts on the operational capabilities and health of first responders, specifically police, fire, ambulance, and dispatch services.MethodsA systematized review and content analysis of media articles published on the 2021 Heat Dome in Canada was conducted (n = 2909), and four media‐based composite narratives were developed highlighting police, fire, ambulance, and dispatch services. The Job Demands‐Resources (JD‐R) model was applied as a theoretical framework for occupational burnout.ResultsThe media‐based composite narratives highlighted that first responders faced record‐breaking call volumes, increased mental‐health‐related claims, and exhaustive heat‐related physiological stress. Using the JD‐R model as a theoretical framework for occupational burnout, we identified three measures of stressful job demand: work overload (e.g., the surge in call volume, firefighters responding to medical emergencies), emotional demands (e.g., severe medical emergencies, sudden deaths, unresponsive patients, distraught family members), and physical demands (e.g., resuscitation in personal protective equipment, heat‐related illness).ConclusionThe experiences described underscore the importance of supporting first responders during work in extreme heat conditions. These findings have important implications for addressing rising rates of burnout during and following public health crises, such as EHEs, a problem that is increasingly being recognized as a threat to the Canadian public healthcare system.
Estimation of carrier frequencies utilizing the gnomAD database for ACMG recommended carrier screening and Finnish disease heritage conditions in non‐Finnish European, Finnish, and Ashkenazi Jewish populations
Authors: Kandolin Miska , Pöyhönen Minna , Jakkula Eveliina 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAmerican College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) recommends offering Tier 3 carrier screening to pregnant patients and those planning a pregnancy for conditions with a carrier frequency of ≥1/200 (96 genes for autosomal recessive [AR] conditions). Certain AR conditions referred to as Finnish disease heritage (FINDIS) have a higher prevalence in Finland than elsewhere. Data from gnomAD v2.1 were extracted to assess carrier frequencies for ACMG‐recommended AR and FINDIS AR and X‐linked genes in Finnish, non‐Finnish European, and Ashkenazi Jewish populations. Following variants were considered: ClinVar pathogenic or likely pathogenic, loss‐of‐function, and Finnish founder variants. Gene carrier (GCR), cumulative carrier (CCR), and at‐risk couple rates (ACR) were estimated. In Finnish population, 47 genes had a GCR of ≥0.5%. CCRs were 52.7% (Finnish), 48.9% (non‐Finnish European), and 58.3% (Ashkenazi Jewish), whereas ACRs were 1.4%, 0.93%, and 2.3% respectively. Approximately 141 affected children with analyzed AR conditions are estimated to be born in Finland annually. Eighteen genes causing FINDIS conditions had a GCR of ≥0.5% in the Finnish population but were absent in the ACMG Tier 3 gene list. Two genes (RECQL4 and RMRP) had GCR of ≥0.5% either in non‐Finnish Europeans or Ashkenazi Jewish populations. Results highlight the need for careful curation of carrier screening panels.