bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intravenous urography and childhood trauma
Authors: Okorie N M , MacKinnon A E 
Published: December 2008

Summary
Results of intravenous urography (IVU) in 33 patients suspected of suffering from renal trauma were reviewed. It was concluded that when haematuria is only detected microscopically and clears within 24 hr then an IVU is not necessary, in the absence of other evidence of significant urinary tract injury.
Assessment of analgesic drugs in soft tissue injuries presenting to an accident and emergency department—a comparison of antrafenine, paracetamol and placebo
Authors: de Gara C , Taylor M , Hedges A 
Published: December 2008

Summary
In a preliminary dose-finding study in patients following abdominal hysterectomy, antrafenine was found to be an effective analgesic in single oral doses of 300-600 mg.
A double-blind controlled between-patient study was carried out to compare antrafenine (up to 1200 mg daily), paracetamol (up to 4 g daily) and placebo as analgesic in the control of pain produced by ligamentous knee or ankle injuries, low back pain or rib injuries. The only significant difference (P&lt;0·05) noted between drug treatments was a longer duration of analgesic activity following antrafenine.
The implications of these results for the study of potential analgesic drugs in soft tissue injuries are discussed.
Spinal opiate analgesia and facial pruritus: a neural theory
Authors: Scott Peter V , Fischer H B J 
Published: December 2008

SummaryFacial pruritus associated with spinal opiate analgesia in man is thought to result either from release of histamine or from imbalance of sensory modulation secondary to spread of opiate to the medulla or fourth ventricle. There is another possibility: the sensory imbalance may be secondary to rostral spread of opiate effect by nervous transmission. Evidence is adduced in support of possible anatomical pathways, and in support of a medullary ‘itching centre’ in man.
Hypothyroidism masquerading as polymyositis
Authors: Cabili Shaltiel , Kaplinsky Naomi , Pines Amos , Frankl Otto 
Published: December 2008

Summary
A group of patients is described who presented with proximal muscle weakness and elevated muscle enzymes. They were initially believed to have polymyositis and one of them was even treated as such over a long period of time. The patients were subsequently found to have hypothyroidism and responded well to thyroid hormone replacement.
Hypothyroidism should always be considered in the differential diagnosis of polymyositis. A polymyositis-like picture has to be regarded as a symptom and not as a disease since it occurs in several metabolic, infectious, malignant and drug-induced diseases.
Sugar chromatography of urine and faeces in acute gastroenteritis
Authors: McCormack J G , Steel A E 
Published: December 2008

Summary
Sugar chromatography was performed on urine and faecal specimens obtained at admission from 482 children under the age of five years admitted to hospital because of acute gastroenteritis. The sensitivity of the chromatography was such that 2 μg of the various sugars could be detected, which is equivalent to 5 mg per g of stool, and this level was considered a positive result. Fifty-nine (12·2%) children without any clinically apparent milk intolerance had sugar chromatographic abnormalities, in 32 of whom a disaccharide was found in the urine and/or faeces. Twenty-one children, all under the age of nine months, developed a relapse of their diarrhoea when full strength milk was reintroduced. In only one of these cases, a two-month-old boy with sucrose in his urine, was a disaccharide found on chromatography.
It is concluded that testing for disaccharides in urine or faeces by chromatography in children with acute gastroenteritis is of no value in predicting who is likely to suffer from clinical relapse when milk feeding is subsequently recommenced.
Internal mammary lymph node biopsy guided by computed tomography
Authors: Irving Henry C , Hardy Graham J 
Published: December 2008

Summary
Internal mammary lymph node enlargement may be demonstrated using computed tomography (CT), and a confirmatory tissue diagnosis of metastatic involvement may be obtained using fine needle aspiration biopsy with needle tip placement guided by the CT scanner. A case history is described to illustrate how a patient presented 9 years after mastectomy with an internal mammary lymph node metastasis and how cytopathological diagnosis of this metastasis was achieved by CT guided biopsy.
Oat cell carcinoma of bronchus presenting as an acute psychiatric illness in young women
Authors: Ralston S H , Fogelman I , Lowe G D O 
Published: December 2008

Summary
Two young women are described who presented with an acute psychiatric illness, due to the metabolic effects of inappropriate anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) secretion. In both patients symptoms were promptly abolished by correction of the biochemical disturbance and subsequent investigations revealed hitherto occult oat cell carcinoma of bronchus. These patients demonstrate the value of routine laboratory investigations in all patients with an acute psychiatric illness and illustrate that bronchial carcinoma must be considered in patients of all age groups presenting with the syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion.
Is maternal gastrin important in congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis?
Authors: Lucey Michael R , McCann Shaun , Weir Donald G 
Published: December 2008

SummaryThe birth of a normal infant to a woman with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome is described. The cord blood serum gastrin was very elevated. This suggests that maternal gastrin can cross the placenta, a fact previously in doubt in man. The infant did not develop congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. This is further evidence that raised blood gastrin in utero is not an important causative factor in the development of congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis in man.
Failure of naloxone to reverse the cardiotoxocity of Distalgesic overdose
Authors: Barraclough C J , Lowe R A 
Published: December 2008

SummaryA case of severe poisoning with dextropropoxyphene and paracetamol (Distalgesic) in which the cardiotoxic effects of dextropropoxyphene were not reversed by naloxone is reported. A probable reason for this failure is suggested with reference to the differing pharmacological actions of dextropropoxyphene on cardiac conducting tissue and the central nervous system.
Atopic disease in the Hong Kong Chinese
Authors: Fung Y M , Mayberry J F , Rhodes J , Newcombe R G 
Published: December 2008

Summary
One hundred and sixty Chinese men and 96 women resident in Hong Kong completed a questionnaire about atopic disease and their responses were compared with replies from 500 Britons. Asthma and hayfever were less common in the Chinese and this could not be attributed to medical awareness as the results were similar in Chinese surgical patients and Chinese medical students. The role of heredity and environment may be assessed by studying Chinese people who have moved to Britain.
Thyroid disease in diabetics
Authors: Sugrue D D , McEvoy M , Drury M I 
Published: December 2008

Summary
Among a diabetic clinic population of 5,000 there were 113 patients (1.1%) with concurrent clinical thyroid dysfunction (56 hyperthyroid, 57 hypothyroid). Seventy-one (62.8%) of these patients were insulin-dependent and diabetes preceded thyroid disease in 85 (75.2%). Twenty patients were given carbimazole for two or more years and of these 15 (75%) relapsed, a percentage not significantly different from that seen in non-diabetic patients. The value of screening diabetic patients for evidence of thyroid dysfunction is discussed.
Neurosyphilis in the Leicester area
Authors: Alani S , Millac P 
Published: December 2008

Summary
Twenty patients with neurosyphilis are reviewed. They were gathered over a 15-year period during which the overall incidence was 0.18 per 100,000, though fewer cases appeared in the latter half of the study. The commonest presentation was with mental symptoms and classical forms of neurosyphilis were rarely seen. No patient presented with epilepsy. There is a case for the more selective use of serological testing.
Subcutaneous nodular synovitis following medial arthrotomy in a case of myxoid liposarcoma of the thigh
Authors: McClure J , Iyer Prema , Bauze R J , Mukherjee T 
Published: December 2008

Summary
A lesion of pigmented synovitis appeared as a nodule in the scar one year after arthrotomy and was removed one year later. It was clearly distinguished from a concurrent myxoid liposarcoma on clinical and morphological grounds (light and electron microscopy).
Metastatic duodenojejunal carcinoma from ovarian primary
Authors: Clayden G S , Reynolds G 
Published: December 2008

Summary
A 55-year-old woman presented with symptoms of progressive sub-acute high gastrointestinal obstruction. Barium studies, upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, ultrasound and ERCP were normal. Diagnosis was therefore delayed. At laparotomy, malignant tumours were found at the duodenojejunal flexure and left ovary, which were histologically identical and consistent with an ovarian primary. Endoscopic techniques for visualization of the third and fourth parts of the duodenum should be employed after barium studies, including careful screening in this area, have failed to reveal pathology.
Lymphoma-like syndrome following para-aminosalicylic acid
Authors: Nagaratnam N , Bhuvanendran N , Jiffry A J , Ramachandra V 
Published: December 2008

Summary
This report describes a patient who developed a Hodgkin’s disease-like picture both clinically and pathologically, following the administration of para-aminosalicylic acid, with complete regression on cessation of therapy.
Endralazine in patients with severe hypertension and renal insufficiency
Authors: Higgs E R , Banks R A , Harrison P R , Kingswood J C , Mackenzie J C 
Published: December 2008

Summary
Endralazine, a new peripheral vasodilator, was given in conjunction with a beta-blocker to 21 patients with hypertension and chronic renal failure. All subjects were either poorly controlled on their previous antihypertensive regime or were experiencing unacceptable adverse effects from drugs. After 4 weeks blood pressure was reduced in all patients and symptomatic side effects were few. Two patients became anti-nuclear factor (ANF) positive in weak titre but without evidence of the lupus syndrome.
Coeliac disease in monozygotic twins
Authors: Shale Dennis J , Hall Reginald , Johnston Desmond G , Roberts D F 
Published: December 2008

Summary
A case of concordance for coeliac disease in monozygous twins is reported. One presented with failure to enter puberty and responded to the exclusion of gluten from her diet. The other twin was asymptomatic. They represent a well documented example of monozygous twins with concordance for coeliac disease.
Gross hepatomegaly due to ‘minimal change’ liver disease in a young female alcoholic
Authors: Majumdar Sisir K , Shaw G K , Aps E J , Thomson Allan D , O’Gorman P , Bugler J 
Published: December 2008

Summary
The case of a grossly enlarged liver due to alcohol excess in a woman of 21 is reported. This case further demonstrates that a chronic alcoholic can have gross hepatomegaly with normal histology and normal liver function tests. The possible pathogenetic basis of ethanol-induced hepatomegaly (‘minimal change’ liver disease) is discussed.
The aetiology of oligomenorrhoea and/or hirsuties: a study of 467 patients
Authors: Ferriman D , Purdie A W 
Published: December 2008

Summary
An analysis of 467 patients with oligomenorrhoea and/or hirsuties in respect to duration of the menstrual cycle, body hair growth, ovarian size and the presence of psychological factors has revealed some useful pointers to diagnosis in this syndrome. Some 70% probably suffered from polycystic ovarian disease. Hirsuties and post-pill amenorrhoea are strong pointers to such a diagnosis. Some 10% of the cases may have been psychogenic in origin and are notably found among non-hirsute patients with normal sized ovaries. Another 10% may have been physiological in nature. All other disorders accounted for no more than 10% of the cases. Anorexia nervosa and ovarian dysgenesis are particularly to be found among amenorrhoeic, non-hirsute patients with normal sized (or small) ovaries accounting for no less than 37% of this group in our series.
Aspergillus epidural abscess in a patient with obstructive airway disease
Authors: Chee Y C , Poh S C 
Published: December 2008

Summary
A 54-year-old Chinese man with episodic bronchial asthma since 25 years of age was treated for pulmonary tuberculosis in 1976 because of left upper lobe lesions on chest radiograph. In 1981 he presented with an extradural mass compressing the thoracic spinal cord, thought to be tuberculosis but which on biopsy was found to be aspergillosis. Sputum culture, type on skin-prick reactivity and serum precipitating antibodies were positive for Aspergillus. Amphotericin B intravenously, then ketoconazole orally did not substantially improve his clinical course. He died about four months post-laminectomy.
Diabetes insipidus as a complication of acute myelomonocytic leukaemia
Authors: Philippakos D , Kakouros S , Dervenoulas J , Pontidas E 
Published: December 2008

Summary
A female patient, aged 44, with diabetes insipidus as a complication of acute myelomonocytic leukaemia (AMML) is described. She presented with bleeding, anaemia, polyuria and polydypsia. She was treated with intranasal vasopressin for diabetes insipidus and responded well to treatment. Chemotherapy was administered for the leukaemia and a full remission was achieved. The patient relapsed a few days before final admission to hospital and died of septicaemia 7 months after initial diagnosis. A short review of the literature related to this subject is also presented.
Two-dimensional echocardiography in endomyocardial disease
Authors: Acquatella Harry 
Published: December 2008

Summary
To assess the usefulness of two-dimensional echocardiography in the diagnosis of endomyocardial disease, 7 subjects with this disorder, proved by angiography or necropsy, were studied. Typical echographic findings included apical obliteration of either one or both ventricles by an echogenic mass with preserved systolic inwards motion. Some subjects showed increased specullar echo reflectance at the endocardial border of the obliteration. The combination of apical obliteration, posterior fibrotic thickening of mitral or tricuspid valves, hyperdynamic contraction of noninvolved ventricular walls and large atria constitutes an echographic pattern suggestive of this syndrome.
Endomyocardial disease in South America—report on 23 cases in Venezuela
Authors: Puigbo J J , Combellas I , Acquatella H , Marsiglia I , Tortoledo F , Casal H , Suarez J A 
Published: December 2008

Summary
Twenty-three cases of endomyocardial disease (ED) are presented, studied in Venezuela, a tropical country in northern South America.
The diagnosis was confirmed in 18 cases by means of pathological studies, and in 5 cases by angiocardiography which showed the characteristic obliterative ventricular lesions. Eosinophilia was present in 35% of the patients. The most frequent clinical feature was heart failure associated with mitral regurgitation. Systemic embolism was the first clinical feature in 5 cases. In 2 cases, ED was associated with autoimmune haemolytic anaemia or vasculitis.
Necropsy revealed a predominance of the left-sided (9/16 cases) and biventricular (6/16 cases) types. The pathological lesions were characterised by fibrous thickening of the endocardium at the apex and the ventricular inflow tracts extending to the myocardium and involving the atrioventricular valves.
ED is frequently misdiagnosed as rheumatic valvular cardiopathy.
The two-dimensional echocardiogram is a very useful procedure for determining the spatial anatomy of ED. The echo findings were closely correlated with ventriculographic and necropsy findings. Even though ED is widely spread around the world, it is most frequently found in tropical and subtropical countries in Africa, Asia and America, such as Venezuela and Brazil. This suggests that there are aetiological factors in these latitudes, about which little is known.
Cyclic adenine nucleotide levels in lymphocytes from patients with systemic sclerosis: efficiency of prostaglandin infusions
Authors: Kovacs Iren B , Dowd Pauline M , Kirby J D T , Turner Paul 
Published: December 2008

Summary
Basal intracellular cAMP levels of lymphocytes from patients with systemic sclerosis, all suffering from Raynaud’s phenomenon, were significantly lower than those obtained from normal controls. Moreover, the cAMP response to isoprenaline of these patients’ lymphocytes was inhibited. Intravenous infusion of prostaglandins (E1 and I2) restored the basal levels and greatly improved the responsiveness of the cells to isoprenaline stimulation.
Aneurysm of the mitral valve complicating Streptococcus milleri endocarditis
Authors: Akinjide-Obonyo Akindele P , Moussalli Henri , Bray Colin L , Beton David C , Stanbridge T Nigel 
Published: December 2008

Summary
A case of Streptococcus milleri endocarditis which caused an aneurysm of the anterior leaflet of the mitral valve is reported. There is only one previous report of a mitral valve aneurysm secondary to infective endocarditis demonstrated by angiography. Streptococcus milleri normally causes endocarditis in an older age group than the patient we describe. Some salient features of this increasingly recognized human pathogen are emphasized.
Toxic shock syndrome complicated by laryngeal oedema
Authors: Gatling W , Mufti G J , McDonald S J 
Published: December 2008

Summary
A 50-year-old woman was admitted as an acute medical emergency and was diagnosed as having toxic shock syndrome. Thirty-six hours after admission she went into hepato-renal failure and had disseminated intravascular coagulation. She developed severe laryngeal oedema, a complication which has not been reported previously, and was intubated with great difficulty. She recovered from this, but died 5 weeks after the presentation of a pulmonary embolus.
The need for prophylactic treatment to the central nervous system in patients with aggressive non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma
Authors: Hawkey C J , Toghill P J 
Published: December 2008

Summary
During 2 years, 6 out of 34 patients presenting with newly diagnosed non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma developed central nervous system (CNS) complications. All were male and had diffuse, undifferentiated lymphomas. In all 6 patients, CNS disease developed during, or shortly after, treatment. We suggest that a group at high risk from these complications can be identified and should be considered for a trial of prophylaxis.
A unique apudoma producing the glucagonoma and gastrinoma syndromes
Authors: Dawson J , Bloom S R , Cockel R 
Published: December 2008

Summary
A patient is described who presented with a 10 year history of intermittent peptic ulcer symptoms and a 3 year history of an undiagnosed skin rash. Investigations indicated raised plasma levels of gastrin, glucagon and pancreatic polypeptide. A single tumour was localised to the pancreas and resected. The tumour had the typical histology of an apudoma, and contained cells which stained for gastrin, glucagon, pancreatic polypeptide and neurotensin.
Hypocalcaemia, a possible manifestation of thyrotoxicosis
Authors: Beigel Y , Arie R , Wysenbeek A J , Halabe E , Blum I 
Published: December 2008

Summary
A severely thyrotoxic patient was found to have hypocalcaemia and tetany, which cleared when she became euthyroid.
Cessation of treatment with propranolol and propylthiouracil resulted in a recurrence of the thyrotoxicosis and the reappearance of hypocalcaemia. Reinstitution of treatment resulted in a second remission of the thyrotoxicosis and correction of the hypocalcaemia.
It is suggested that in this patient, the thyrotoxicosis was the cause of hypocalcaemia. The various pathogenetic mechanisms are discussed.
The use of pleurodesis for intractable pleural effusion due to congestive heart failure
Authors: Davidoff D , Naparstek Y , Eliakim M 
Published: December 2008

Summary
Two patients in whom pleurodesis was used for intractable pleural effusion due to congestive heart failure are described. This procedure eliminated the pleural effusion but resulted in accumulation of fluid in other body compartments. Pleurodesis has a limited role in the treatment of intractable pleural transudates in congestive heart failure.
Adverse ocular reactions to drugs
Authors: Spiteri M A , James D Geraint 
Published: December 2008

SummaryDrugs acting on various parts of the body may also affect the eye insidiously. Increased awareness of such drug toxicity by the prescribing doctor should encourage him to consider effects on the cornea, lens, retina, optic nerve and elsewhere when checking the patient’s progress. The following review concerns adverse ocular effects of systemic drug administration.
Gold-induced lung disease
Authors: Heyd Judith , Simmeran Ari 
Published: December 2008

Summary
A 70-year-old female with seronegative rheumatoid arthritis developed interstitial pneumonitis while on chrysotherapy. The reversibility of lung disease and favourable response to steroid treatment support the diagnosis of gold-induced lung disease and distinguish this entity from other forms of interstitial lung disease associated with rheumatoid arthritis. The relevant literature related to gold-induced lung disease is briefly reviewed.
Ectopic ACTH-producing lung cancer presenting with prostatic metastasis
Authors: Smedley H M , Brown C , Turner A 
Published: December 2008

Summary
The case is described of a patient presenting with prostatic symptoms and a biopsy proven neoplasm in the prostate gland. Radical radiotherapy initially given to the pelvis produced satisfactory symptomatic improvement with tumour regression, but the patient subsequently developed endocrine complications which led to the site of the primary carcinoma being reconsidered. The case illustrates the ubiquitous nature of aggressive metastatic cancer.
Suppression of prolonged fever during treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis: importance of using twice versus single daily dose of prednisolone
Authors: Chung K F , Snashall P D 
Published: December 2008

Summary
We describe the clinical course of a patient with extensive pulmonary tuberculosis, in whom fever persisted despite adequate anti-tuberculous and broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment. A once daily morning dose of prednisolone failed to suppress the fever, but a twice daily regime was successful.
Superior mesenteric artery syndrome
Authors: Jones Peter A , Wastell C 
Published: December 2008

Summary
Superior mesenteric artery syndrome (SMAS) was diagnosed in a 16-year-old boy who presented with a short history of repeated vomiting associated with weight loss to the point of collapse. After resuscitation and investigation, he was treated surgically and subsequently recovered well. The diagnostic difficulties and possible pathogenesis of SMAS are discussed and the literature reviewed.
Endobronchial involvement in Wegener’s granulomatosis
Authors: Amin Rajni 
Published: December 2008

Summary
Right middle lobe collapse as a result of endobronchial involvement with Wegener’s granulomatosis is reported in a 60-year-old woman. A review of the literature has revealed 6 cases of lobar collapse, only 2 of which had endobronchial disease.