bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced hunger games search algorithm that incorporates the marine predator optimization algorithm for optimal extraction of parameters in PEM fuel cells
Authors: Issa Mohamed , Elaziz Mohamed Abd , Selem Sameh I. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This article introduces a novel optimization approach to improve the parameter estimation of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), which are critical for diverse applications but are challenging to model due to their nonlinear behavior. The proposed method, HGS-MPA, enhances the Hunger Games Search (HGS) algorithm by integrating Marine Predator Algorithm (MPA) operators, significantly boosting its exploitation capabilities and convergence rate. The effectiveness of HGS-MPA was validated on three commercial PEMFC datasets: 250-W stack, BCS 500-W, and NedStack PS6, using the Sum Squared Error (SSE) as the performance metric. Experimental results highlight that HGS-MPA achieves minimum fitness values of 0.33770, 1.31620, and 0.01174 for the respective datasets, outperforming other state-of-the-art algorithms. These findings underscore the method’s potential for accurate PEMFC parameter estimation, offering enhanced performance and reliability.
Particle settling in a shear-thinning, viscoelastic fluid in the presence of wall effects
Authors: Whorton Jodie , Jones Thomas J. , Russell James K. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The settling of particles in fluids is a widespread phenomenon and commonly involves accounting for the effects of walls. Particle settling and wall effects are well understood for Newtonian fluids but the consequences of non-Newtonian fluid properties on particle settling are less well known. Here, we present the results from a set of experiments quantifying wall effects on particle settling within quiescent shear-thinning and viscoelastic (non-Newtonian) fluids for sphere-to-tube diameter ratios

$$\lambda \le 0.3$$

λ
≤
0.3

. We find that wall effects on particle settling are reduced in non-Newtonian fluids and settling velocities are poorly predicted by conventional wall-corrected Stokes’ equations. We show that deviations in settling velocity are due to both the shear-thinning and viscoelastic properties of the fluid. Supported by our experimental dataset, we are able to show that calculating the shear-rate based on the particle diameter length-scale corresponds to an apparent viscosity that appropriately accounts for shear-thinning effects. A further correction factor for viscoelastic behaviour based on

$$\lambda$$

λ

and the Weissenberg number, Wi, is applied, and shows good agreement with all experimentally measured velocities. Together, we provide a quantitative method to accurately predict the terminal settling velocity of particles in shear-thinning, viscoelastic fluids up to sphere-to-tube diameter ratios of 0.3.
Assessment of the performance of Ni carbon nanotube nano composite coatings and activated carbon for diesel exhaust treatment
Authors: Nasr Gamal E. M. , Baiomy Magdy A. , Taieb A. Z. , Abdel Razek Mayada E. , Refai Mohamed 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Diesel engines are essential in sectors such as transportation, agriculture, and power generation, offering benefits like fuel efficiency, high power output, and durability. However, their emissions (NOX, CO2, CO, HC, SO2, and PM) significantly contribute to air pollution, posing serious environmental and health risks. This study aimed to design and fabricate a unit that simulates diesel engine emissions and tests various purification materials. The unit consists of a combustion chamber, filtration media, and exhaust pipes, with materials such as activated carbon, activated carbon with magnesium oxide, and Ni-Carbon Nanotube (CNTs) nanocomposites tested under controlled combustion conditions to measure their pollutant removal efficiencies. Results showed that 100% activated carbon achieved pollutant removal efficiencies of 85.21% for CO2, 80.77% for CO, and 68.84% for HC. Combining activated carbon with magnesium oxide (AC: MgO) enhanced these efficiencies to 76.92% for CO2, 86.84% for CO, and 73.28% for HC. Ni-CNTs nanocomposites (at 0.2 concentration) demonstrated the highest performance, with removal efficiencies of 93.13% for CO2, 94.87% for CO, and 76.02% for HC. These results emphasize the potential of Ni-CNTs nanocomposites as highly efficient materials for reducing diesel exhaust emissions, contributing significantly to cleaner air, better public health, and more sustainable diesel technologies.
Emergency response for recently isolated Foot and Mouth Disease virus type A Africa in Egypt 2022
Authors: Abousenna Mohamed Samy , Khafagy Heba A. , Mohamed Amal Abd El Moneim , El Sawy Sara E.A. , Shasha Fady Abd El Mohsen , Darwish Darwish Mahmoud , Shafik Nermeen G. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious viral infection affecting cloven-hoofed ruminants, leading to significant economic losses. In 2022, Egypt faced a severe outbreak of Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) caused by the A/Africa/G-IV variant. This study assessed the efficacy of local and imported FMDV vaccines (A Iran-05 lineage) against this new variant using in vitro and in vivo methods. Sera from vaccinated calves showed inadequate cross-protection, with mean r1-values of 0.235 and 0.243 for local and imported vaccines, respectively. Challenge tests indicated low protection levels (20% and 40%) against A/Africa/G-IV compared with A/Iran/05. Current vaccines were deemed ineffective, prompting a formulation update incorporating the variant. The modified vaccine is now deployed in proactive vaccination efforts to address the evolving FMD outbreak.
Efficient Sr2Ta2O7:Bi3+,Ln3+ (Ln3+ = Eu3+,Sm3+) phosphors for optical thermometry and anti-counterfeiting
Authors: Wang Xin , Wei Shuai , Lyu Zeyu , Sun Dashuai , Tan Taixing , Zhou Luhui , Luo Pengcheng , Lu Zheng , Zhang Xiaowei , You Hongpeng 
Published: February 2025

A series of novel optical thermometers with an optimal relative sensitivity of 2.98% K−1 were designed based on the luminescence of the Bi3+ and Ln3+ ions with different temperature sensitivities.
Compact generalized joined coupler matrix with orthogonal beams
Authors: Xu Yang , Guo Y. Jay 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAn analogue beamforming network, such as the Butler matrix can produce orthogonal beams, the peak of each beam being aligned with the nulls of all other beams. This is particularly important in scenarios requiring interference resilience in systems like base stations and user equipment. This paper presents a 3 × 5 Nolen‐like generalized joined coupler (GJC) matrix to produce orthogonal beams with both compact size and flexibility. The phase shifters are integrated into couplers while the coupling value range of couplers are extended to achieve the required performance of the GJC matrix. A prototype GJC matrix is designed, simulated, fabricated, and measured. The measured results agree well with the simulation ones.
Les réseaux d’observation et de surveillance de l’environnement, chantier pour les sciences humaines et sociales
Authors: Boudia Soraya , Herran Nestor 
Published: February 2025

Une journée d’études a eu lieu à Paris en juin 2022 pour analyser les enjeux, les dynamiques et les tensions à l’œuvre dans la genèse, le déploiement et le fonctionnement des réseaux de surveillance de l’environnement. Cette rencontre interdisciplinaire, qui a réuni des chercheurs en sciences naturelles et en sciences humaines et sociales, a permis d’explorer plusieurs questions, en structurant les échanges autour de quatre volets : la caractérisation de la surveillance environnementale à partir d’une perspective historique, les effets sociaux de la matérialité des infrastructures, les rapports entre la surveillance et l’action publique sur les risques et, enfin, les approches citoyennes et participatives dans ces pratiques. La synthèse de la journée, présentée en conclusion, a permis de dégager des pistes pour des recherches interdisciplinaires qui sont désormais investies dans le cadre du projet RISC (Risques et sociétés à l’ère des changements environnementaux globaux : enjeux, savoirs et politiques), un projet transversal du programme Risques (IRiMa − Gestion intégrée des risques pour des sociétés plus résilientes à l’ère des changements globaux). RISC a pour ambition de contribuer à répondre à un ensemble de défis posés par les changements planétaires en cours qui exposent les sociétés humaines à une augmentation sans précédent des risques et des catastrophes liés à la combinaison des impacts du dérèglement climatique avec les activités humaines.
Vaginal-operative Birth
Authors: Jakubowski Peter , Abele Harald , Bamberg Christian , Bogner Gerhard , Desery Katharina , Fazelnia Claudius , Hamza Amr Sherif , Heihoff-Klose Anne , Janning Luise , Kimmich Nina , Kyvernitakis Ioannis , Lütje Wolf , Reister Frank , Reitter Anke , Seeger Sven , Seehafer Peggy , Springer Laila , Wallwiener Stephanie , Jückstock Julia 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Purpose This is an official guideline issued by the German Society for Gynecology and Obstetrics (DGGG), the Austrian Society for Gynecology and Obstetrics (ÖGGG) and the Swiss Society for Gynecology and Obstetrics (SGGG). The guideline aims to provide guidance and support for indication-based decisions in the context of vaginal-operative deliveries and the performance of these procedures. The intention is not to provide rigid standards for vaginal-operative deliveries but to show the range within which obstetric activities correspond to the current state of scientific knowledge and current clinical practice.
Methods This S2k-guideline was developed based on the structured consensus of representative members from different medical professions who were commissioned by the guidelines program of the DGGG, OEGGG and SGGG.
Recommendations The guideline provides recommendations on measures to avoid vaginal-operative births, the conditions in which these births should be carried out, the information provided to patients, the indications, contraindications, classifications, and choice of instruments, the procedure, antibiotic prophylaxis, complications, postnatal examinations, documentation and legal aspects, debriefing, and training and simulations.
Effects of Mitigating Information about Negative News Using Comparative vs. Selective Processing
Authors: Koppitsch Steven E. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
As consumers learn about a company’s actions, information about negative actions could impact customer purchase decisions. Of interest to firms is how customers process this information when making evaluative decisions. Two experiments explore the effect of comparative and selective processing on brand choice when participants are given negative information about company manufacturing practices to test whether the information affected product choice. The results show that participants were less focused on positive aspects of a focal product and less likely to choose it when engaging in comparative processing compared to those engaging in selective processing. Mitigating information about the negative information made participants more likely to choose the firm’s products compared to those that did not receive the mitigating information. These results provide insight as to how companies can communicate to customers to help reduce the negative impact of negative news. Public relations efforts should be designed in a way that encourages consumers to engage in comparative processing.
Writing for justice, reading for absence
Authors: Manivannan Q 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Conversing with Laura Shepherd in The Self and Other Stories, this essay considers accompaniment, embodiment, expertise, and representation through a care-infused lens. I present my readings of contentions in her book, and ask what it means to view position, power, and presence in writing. Through my reading, I present Shepherd’s vulnerability as a mode of writing justice, despite its absences.
Research on conductive polymer microneedles with adjustable dissolution rate
Authors: Wang Wenkai , Liang Yanhong , Yan Xiaoxiao , Tang Gang , Li Yuwen , Li Zhibiao 
Published: February 2025

Dissolvable polymeric microneedles have gained significant attention in recent years as a promising transdermal drug delivery method due to their simple fabrication and lack of medical waste after use. However, traditional polymeric microneedles possess several notable drawbacks, including insufficient mechanical strength, difficulty in effectively penetrating the skin barrier, limited drug loading capacity affecting therapeutic outcomes, and uncontrollable drug release rates leading to unstable efficacy. In this paper, a conductive polymer microneedle with an adjustable dissolution rate is proposed. The dissolution rate of microneedles can be adjusted by controlling the current so as to control the drug release rate and realize the controlled drug release truly. The PVA-Ag and PVP-Ag lidocaine-loaded microneedles demonstrated good puncture performance and nearly complete dissolution within 10 min in a simulated body fluid environment. The dissolution rate was significantly accelerated under electrical stimulation. The microneedles showed good biocompatibility, and under the application of a 3 V voltage, the drug delivery efficiency of PVP-Ag lidocaine microneedles reached 85% within 5 min, while PVA-Ag lidocaine microneedles achieved up to 90%.
Assessing the storage potential of seed collections to inform the management of wild species seed banks
Authors: Balasupramaniyam S. , Merritt D. J. , Hay F. R. , Dalziell E. L. 
Published: February 2025

Context The storage of seed in seed banks is a primary strategy for the ex-situ conservation of plant species globally. However, changing practices have meant that institutions storing seeds for decades have often stored older collections sub-optimally for at least some of the storage time. Aims Using banked seed collections at Kings Park and Botanic Garden (Perth, Western Australia), we aimed to assess the relative future longevity of several seed lots within 10 species. These seed lots had been stored for 4–34 years. Methods We conducted germination assessments on seeds from 44 collections. We conducted a rapid ageing experiment for species with multiple accessions that retained high viability by subjecting seeds to 60% relative humidity at 45°C to determine the potential remaining longevity. Key results Several collections of Brachyscome iberidifolia, Myriocephalus gueriniae, Olearia axillaris and O. pimeleoides banked in the 1980s and 1990s displayed 0% germination. Newer collections of B. iberidifolia, Hyalosperma cotula, O. axillaris, Panaetia lessonii, Podotheca angustifolia and Trachymene pilosa retained similarly high, consistent viability over time in storage. Rapid ageing of these collections showed that the time to 50% loss of viability (p50) varied significantly and was not necessarily lowest for the oldest seed collections. Conclusions Rapidly ageing seeds enabled us to determine that several species and individual collections have lower longevity and therefore need to be prioritised for more frequent viability monitoring, use, or recollection. Implications This method could be used in wild species seed banks globally for making more informed decisions about historical and ageing seed collections.
Sex differences in alcohol and other substance use in sexual contexts among adolescents: an observational study
Authors: González-Casals Helena , Espelt Albert , Bosque-Prous Marina , Rogés Judit , Robles-Muñoz Marina , Colom Joan , Casabona Jordi , Belza María José , Folch Cinta 
Published: February 2025

Background There is a co-occurrence of adolescents’ substance use and sexual practices, with an important impact on their health and health behaviours; however, limited research is conducted with adolescents. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of substance use (alcohol and/or other substances) in sexual contexts and to identify its associated factors among adolescents, comparing boys and girls. Methods Cross-sectional study with data from 6352 adolescents aged 14­­­–18 years from the DESKcohort project. Prevalence of alcohol and/or other substance use in sexual contexts (OSUSC) stratified by sex were calculated, according to axes of inequality, psychosocial factors, and sexual health and health variables. Poisson regression models with robust variance were calculated to analyse potential associations with independent variables. Results Girls (51.4% of the sample) reported a higher prevalence of alcohol use in sexual contexts than boys (43.9% vs 33.9%, P < 0.001), whereas OSUSC was reported by 12–14% of adolescents. Alcohol and/or OSUSC were associated to several risk practices, such as having multiple sexual partners and inconsistent condom use, for both sexes. Also, sexual minority orientation students, natives, and students with disadvantaged socioeconomic positions (SEPs) presented higher prevalences of substance use in sexual contexts. Conclusions These findings suggest that substance use in sexual contexts reflects a broader pattern of co-occurring risky behaviours rather than intentional sexualised substance use. Some vulnerable groups include girls, adolescents with a minority sexual orientation, and students with disadvantaged SEPs. These findings underscore the need for holistic interventions targeting adolescents’ health, addressing substance use and sexual risk behaviours simultaneously to reduce potential consequences such as unplanned pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections.
Loss of ergativity in Eastern Indo-Aryan languages
Authors: Banerjee Sayantani , Dash Biswanath 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Old Eastern Indo-Aryan stage/OEIA (900–1100 AD approx) showed split ergativity with evidence from its sole source Caryapada. New Eastern Indo-Aryan/EIA languages have lost their ergative properties (Stump, 1983; Bubenik, 1989, among others) gradually, evolving as nominative-accusative languages in the present time. The current study highlights how the Voice head in the structure is responsible for the evolution of the case system in the EIA languages. As the Voice head is intricately related to the external theta role and ergative case (Legate, 2014), it is essential to note its characteristics in the diachrony of EIA languages. This paper proposes that OEIA ergativity, seen in Caryapada, is DP-ergative, following the diagnostics of Polinsky (2016), where the Voice head assigns structural ergative to subject DP. It entails that OEIA has a distinct Voice head in its spine, which assigns the structural ergative case to the DP. The diagnostics used are agreement, A-movement, A′ movement, Binding, and coordinate structures. However, such split ergativity is not seen in the present EIA languages. This entails that the Voice head is lost. This loss led to the rise of a TP-determined structure for all tenses, leading to the emergence of the nominative alignment.
One-dimensional Migdal effect
Authors: Arias Malen Maria , Randazzo Juan Martin , Barrachina Raul Oscar 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The problem of atomic ionization by the sudden absorption of momentum by its nucleus is studied. By means of a simple one dimensional model we obtain analytical expression for the re-capture and ionization probabilities. Simple integral formulas for the evaluation of the time evolution of the electronic state are given. Analytical expressions for the ionisation probabilities show structures found in realistic three dimensional collisional problems, such as capture probability (by the recoil nucleus) and the binary ionization peak.&#xD;
Transfer learning-enhanced modelling of annular aperture arrays and nanohole arrays
Authors: Lin Yuzhen , Liu Junchen , Cao Yuchen , Cao Yu , Wang Ziyuan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper explores the use of transfer learning in artificial neural networks modelling of Annular Aperture Arrays (AAAs) and Nanohole Arrays (NHAs). An AAA model trained on a larger dataset was used to enhance the performance of an NHA model through transfer learning. The NHA model with transfer learning achieved convergence speed an order of magnitude faster and reduced validation loss by 37% compared to the baseline NHA model. Comparative analysis shows that the optical responses are primarily influenced by the periodicity rather than other structural parameters. This study demonstrates the significant potential of transfer learning to improve accuracy and efficiency in modelling optical nanodevices, especially when data availability is limited.
3-D resistivity modeling of undulating terrain using space-wavenumber mixed domain approach
Authors: Ling Jiaxuan , Chen Huang , Wei Shuliu , Zhang Ying , Chen Qingrui , Liu Siqin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study presents an innovative 3D numerical simulation approach tailored for the direct current resistivity method under undulating terrain conditions. The method utilizes 2D Fourier transform technology to convert complex 3D problems into 1D problems in the space-wavenumber mixed domain, thereby simplifying the computational process. We assume a layered background medium and utilize the weighted residual method to solve this simplified 1D problem. Additionally, to precisely handle terrain boundary nodes, we introduce an isogeometric gradient method applied in the logarithmic domain of conductivity. By constructing 3D trapezoidal ridge and valley models, we have validated the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed algorithm. Further experiments involving a spherical low-resistivity body and a prismatic high-resistivity body beneath ridge terrain demonstrate the significant impact of undulating terrain on the observed results. This highlights the importance of considering terrain undulations in field observations and emphasizes the necessity of making appropriate corrections when interpreting data to prevent erroneous interpretations or significant deviations in results.
Impact of the Bose-Einstein Density Profile on Anisotropic Compact Star under f (Q) Gravity
Authors: Chalavadi Chaitra Chooda , Venkatesha V. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study presents an innovative framework for modeling anisotropic compact stars by incorporating the density profile of Bose-Einstein condensate dark matter within the f(Q) gravity framework. This approach provides new insights into the dynamics of compact stars and the role of dark matter in their structure. We derive the metric potential for compact stellar configurations and calculate the associated unknown parameters. Analyzing the physical properties of the compact star PSR J1614-2230 across various values of k, we find that the derived interior solutions for anisotropic star satisfy all essential physical conditions, thereby confirming the robustness and stability of the proposed model.
Research on the compression deformation response and failure analysis of power batteries in new energy vehicle collisions
Authors: Han Yangqi , Hu Jing 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
As one of the core components of electric vehicles, the safety of new energy vehicle power batteries is crucial for the popularization and application of new energy vehicles. The research on the collision of electric vehicle power batteries has undergone a transformation from the microscopic mechanical properties of individual cells to the macroscopic mechanical properties of battery packs. The changes in physical and chemical properties of different individual cells and battery packs under mechanical behaviors such as collision, puncture, and compression are still a hot research topic. Studying the changes in power batteries under these mechanical behavior states is beneficial for improving the safety of electric vehicles, supporting industry standard setting, protecting passenger and environmental safety, promoting technological innovation, reducing insurance risks, enhancing consumer confidence, and assisting accident investigation and analysis. Therefore, studying the compression deformation response and failure analysis of power batteries in collisions of new energy vehicles is of great significance.