bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perbaikan Retensi Air dengan Aplikasi Bahan Organik pada Pertanaman Sorgum
Authors: Nurmi Nurmi , Musa Nikmah , Ilahude Zulzain 
Published: March 2024

This study aimed to determine the role of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes Mart.) organic matter on water retention at pF 2.54 and pF 4.2, available water content, and bulk density (BD). The research method used was a factorial randomized block design. The first factor was the sorghum variety, which consisted of 2 levels, namely, V1 (variety) and V2 (Kawali). The second factor was the dose of water hyacinth organic matter, which consisted of 5 levels, namely P0 (without the application of water hyacinth organic matter), P1 (10 tons.ha-1), P2 (20 tons.ha-1), P3 (30 tons.ha-1), and P4 (40 tons.ha-1). Water retention was measured at pF 2.54 and pF 4.2 using a pressure plate apparatus and pressure membrane apparatus, respectively, and BD was measured using the ring method. The results showed that the treatment of organic matter application and varieties had a significant effect on water retention at pF 2.54, available water content, and BD with the best treatment of 40 tons of organic matter application and Kawali variety, but not affecting water retention at pF 4.2. There was no interaction between water hyacinth organic matter and sorghum varieties to improve water retention and BD. The highest water retention at pF 2.54 was 32.24% (P4), and the highest available water content was 11.67% (P4) but not significantly different from P3 (11.55%); the lowest BD was 1.11 g.cm-3 (P4) but not significantly different from P3 (1.13 g.cm-3). A very strong positive linear and negative linear correlation exists between available water content and BD with plant height, panicle length, and sorghum yield.

Keywords: bulk density, water hyacinth, water content, water retention, sorghum
Language Education, Gender, and Inclusivity: Focusing on Japanese Language Education in Sri Lanka
Authors: Lokugamage Samanthika 
Published: March 2024

The female population in Japanese language education in Sri Lanka is remarkably high compared to male population. Not only learners, but the number of female teachers also outsmart the male teachers. However, this kind of gender distribution is not something specific to Japanese language education. Research has highlighted that in many parts of the world male has less interest in learning languages than female. Some studies prove that boys think that learning foreign languages would not lead them to lucrative careers and some believe that language learning is not something 'real boys' do or are good at. Nonetheless, when considering the number of Sri Lankans who apply for visa to enter Japan, male population is significantly higher than females. In recent years specialists in Information Technology have more tendency to get job placements in Japan. Further, in 2019 Japan has opened its doors to Sri Lanka for a visa category called Specified Skilled Worker (SSW) which offers 4 employment fields from Sri Lanka. To apply for SSW visa, one should clear a language competency test and skill test of the relevant field. Does the increase in employment opportunities in Japan has any impact on the attitudes of language learning among male population? Thus, this paper explores current situation of the Japanese Language education in Sri Lanka focusing on gender distribution. Both quantitative and qualitative research methods are used in gathering and analysing data. The findings show that though there is a growth of male population among learners the attitudes towards learning Japanese are not changing as fast as the rapidly growing enthusiasm to work in Japan. Though there are new opportunities in Japan, if language competency is not recognized as a soft skill that goes beyond gender stereotype, we will fail to gain the best from the available paths. Further, changes towards inclusiveness in the curriculum as well as inclusiveness in the recruiters are given as recommendations to improve the current situation.
Kannan av fiti í sild
Authors: Hoydal Karsten 
Published: March 2024

Inquiries made about the fat content of herring caught northward of The Faroe Islands show that the fat content attains its maximum about the l.th of august. At this time fresh herring contains about 20 % of fat corresponding with 60 % of water and salted herring about 21 % of fat corresponding with 50 % of water.
Sampels of salted herring have been analysed until the middle of october and no decrease of the fat content has been found at the end of this period.
Tvey fornminni í Syðrugøtu
Authors: Dahl Sverri 
Published: March 2024

Two archaeological researches at the village of Syðrugotu in Eysturoy.
I. Examination in 1940 of the remains of a cemetery on the shore with two layers of burials on top of each other with an interspace of about 1 meter. Two graves were examined. In one case the coffin(?) was surrounded by a frame of stones, in the other it was also covered with stones. The graves were placed in a south-easterly to north-westerly direction. No finds of antiquities. Presumable mediaevel.
II. Examination in 1950 of a house site high in the old cultivated field, internal measurements 9 meters by 2.50 meters.
Fyribilsfrásøgn um garnasótt hjá seyði í Føroyum
Authors: Bærentsen Dánjal ]. 
Published: March 2024

Paratuberculosis has never been recorded before in Faroe Islands.
One sheep with symptoms of paratuberculosis was killed and the diagnosis was confirmed by microscopy and cultivation at the State Veterinary Serum Laboratory, Copenhagen.
The disease was caused by an orange-pigmented strain of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis.
Research will be carried out to find how widespread the disease is and how the morbidity is under the speciel circumstances in Faroe Islands.
Christian sculpture in Norse Shetland
Authors: Stevenson Robert B. K. 
Published: March 2024

This paper suggests that there is acceptable evidence for the continuation of Christian sculpture and Pictish writing in Shetland in the period 800—1050, which Professor Thomas did not consider in his discussion of the finds from St Ninian's Isle and Papil. Following her more recent excavations in Orkney Dr A Ritchie has reopened the questions of cultural and physical survival of the pre-Norse population in the northern isles of Britain, and of assimilation. A tenthcentury date has long been proposed for the Bressay cross-slab with its Pictish inscription in ogam letters, which includes two Gaelic words, and one Norse, and has uniquely : between the words as in runes. A fragment from Papil which clearly resembles tombstones at Iona should also belong to that century. So does the knot-design reconstructed in fig. 1, for it is only known otherwise from a group of monuments in Scandinavian northern England. Its use of little bosses is a link with the same area. Some ogam letters also survive on this stone.
Features of the sculpture from St Ninian's Isle are reconsídered, and arguments put for a date no earlier than mid-ninth century rather than before 800, by comparison with Pictish sculpture in east-central Scotland and in Caithness. Although the fine processional scene from Papil is older, it may also belong to the ninth century. The writer agrees with Professor Thomas that, despite the representation of a monumental cross, it too is in the east-coast tradition rather than influenced direct from Iona.
Er pílaslagið pálmi innflutt til Føroya í søguligari tíð? ella er tað upprunaligt her?
Authors: Rasmussen Rasmus 
Published: March 2024

This article seeks to answer the questions: what sort of willow was called pálmi (palm) in the Faroes and was it of native growth or imported. In the Middle Ages willows in Scandinavia were called »palms«, for they were used as decorations on Palm Sundays. / . C. Svabo1 (1782) and / . Landt'- (1800) are the first authors to write about the name pálmi, but even then it was already ancient in the Faroes. Svabo and Landt equate it with Salix caprea, though this can hardly be correct, for the plant growing in all the places they mention is Salix phylicifolia. Landt writes that the pálmi was brought to the Faroes from Norway about 1660; Svabo has no remarks o:i this point. Later authors in asserting that the pálmi vas introduced from Norway aremerely following Landt. The reports have it that one, Ole Larvesen, bailiff on Eysturoy, brought these willows from Norway, planting them at Strendur about 1660 and that his sister moved them to Øravík. Naturally the reports give no indication whether Salix caprea or Salix phylicifolia is meant. Svabo and Landt must be responsible for the confusion of names. Closerinvestigation, however, shows that the accounts alleging that the plant was introduced from Norway are contradictory and of little value.
Finally, a few words about the two »palms«. S. caprea has been introduced in historical times and ia found only on cultivated land. It does not occur in peat. S. phylicifolia is native to the Faroes and is found widely troughout the contry in the following places: Eysturoy: Strendur, Toftavatn, Streymoy: Hvalvík, Tórshavn, Kvívík, Sandoy: Traðarhamar, Suðuroy: Øravík, Kunoy: Heima í Húsi, Vágar: Leitisvatn, Norðtriðingur, Miðvágur, Uttanhús. In addition it occurs in peat at Tórshavn 'm Vágsbotnur,Skálavík (leaves and stems), Hoyvík (stems). It may well be that many twigs hitherto thougt to be from Juniperus are really from Salix. It is most likely that pálmi orginally denoted the indigenous Salix phylicifolia.
Hvat er íslendska orðið naumur?
Authors: Matras Christian 
Published: March 2024

In an article in Arkiv for nordisk filologi, 1890, vol. 6, p. 305, Adolf Noreen suggested an etymology for Úie Icelandic adj. naumr, deriving it from a postulated Proto-Norse *narwumaR and relating it, inter alia, to English »narrow«. Some scholars (Torp, Alexander Jóhannesson etc.) accept this etymology, but others (Kluge, Persson, Hellquist) assume that the word comes from the same root as occurs in Icel. nauð f. The present essay suggests that naumr is, in fact, identical with Norw. nauv and Far. neyvur, with change of / > m, likewise attested in Fa. oman »down« (Icel. ofan) and in Mod. Icel. skúmur m. »skua« from Older Icel. skúfr, cf. Far. skúvur or skúgvur.
"Beaucoup de bruit pour une aumelette"
Authors: Korsgaard Peter 
Published: March 2024

By a decree of 21.5.1777 poor people in the Faroe Islands were forbidden to marry, unless they had a certain amount of land, or both partners had served four years with farmers on crown land. This provision is, by its nature, almost unique in Danish legislation, and was justifiably felt by the Faroese to be very oppressive.
Behind the introduction of this provision lay the suspicion that the cultivation of corn in the Faroes was on the decrease, in that constantly increasing quantities of corn were being imported. The large import was costly for the trader, the state.
The article points out that the cultivation of corn was not, in fact, decreasing, but the fixed rate paid for commodities since 1691 had resulted in a great increase in the production of hosiery, and the consequent increase in purchasing power had lead to a higher consumption of corn. Another result of the trade policy was that it was possible for poorer people to earn a living by knitting hose instead of working for the farmers. The decree of 1777 forced them back into the service of the farmers.
The matter was raised by the Danish government officials in the Faroe Islands, who, in a letter to the Exchequer (which was also responsible for agriculture) complained about poor people who wandered about begging wool. An inquiry carried out the Exchequer did not clearly reveal a decrease in the cultivation of corn, but the chief administrator's report to the inquiry establishes the decrease. The chief administrator also recommended a proposal from the government officials, a proposal which was almost identical with the provision which was finally laid down. The Exchequer's recommendation met strong opposition in the eqally powerful Chancery (administration of the interior and of justice). In the case, uncharacteristically,the Exchequer was the stronger, and the provision was put into force.
The way in which the matter was dealt with shows the powerful position of the government officials; it is, in fact, they who force the provision through. It is also the officials (the chairman of the Faroese Representative Council, the bailiff, the judge, and the church officials) whose advice is sought. In a similar situation in 1723—24 this was not the case. At that time the Exchequer negotiated with two men whose authority stemmed from a meeting of the Faroese Representative Council.
Phytoplankton community structure on the Faroe Shelf
Authors: Gaard Eilif 
Published: March 2024

The phytoplankton distribution, biomass and species composition were investigated in relation to the hydrographical and chemical environment for the algae on the Faroe Shelf during 1995. The water on the Faroe Shelf is relatively well isolated from the surrounding waters by a tidal front, which surrounds the islands at about 100-130 m bottom depth. It has its own planktonecosystem, which is separated and is quite different from that in the surrounding oceanic environment. The phytoplankton spring bloom developed in late Aprilearly May in the shelf water which was about one month earlier than outside the tidal front. The spring bloom started in the central and the northern part of the shelf. The limited water mass on the shelf - and, hence, also the limited amount of nutrients - affected the potential new primary production and around mid July 1995, allthe nitrate on the central and northern shelf had been assimilated. From mid July and throughout the rest of the summer, the potential new production was low and was dependent on advection of nutrients from outside the tidal front.
Palynological and Vegetational Changes Í ssociated with the Deposition of Saksunarvatn Ash in the Faroe Islands
Authors: Edwards Kevin J. , Craigie Robert 
Published: March 2024

Saksunarvatn ash derives from an Icelandic source (eruption ca. 8930-9060 BP) in part of the Grimsvotn complex. The massive nature of the deposit as found in Faroese sites (up to 45 cm in thickness) might be expected to have had an impact on the vegetation. The thickness of the ash layer, however, is contingent upon site catchment processes of erosion and sediment focusing. Even so, the tephra could still have resulted in changes to vegetation and this is examined by high resolution palynology at sites from different islands (Streymoy and Suðuroy), where tephra thicknesses of 1.0-6.7 cm respectively were found. Comparisons are also made with the pollen data from Saksunarvatn and Hovi (also located on Streymoy and Suðuroy) produced by Jóhannes Jóhansen. Palynological, and by inference vegetational changes consequent upon the fall of ash within the pollen catchment areas of the Faroese sites are mooted, with the strongest apparent effects at Hagamýra (Suðuroy),where wetter habitats may have become 'choked' with ash, thus diminishing the pollen contributions of associated flora. Similarly, the aquatic taxa are also reduced. Palynologically at least, and arguably vegetationally, this process favours dry land and taller taxa.
The relative order of sentential adverbs in Icelandic and Faroese / Setningshjáorð í íslendskum og føroyskum
Authors: Angantýsson Ásgrímur , Jónsson Jóhannes Gísli 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis paper discusses the relative order of four types of sentential adverbs inInsular Scandinavian. Data from two judgment tasks show that the relative orders of adverbs that follow Cinque’s (1999) hierarchy receive more positive judgments than orders that violate this hierarchy in both languages, but the contrasts are much weaker than expected. That Icelandic and Faroese behave in very similar ways with respect to adverb placement is expected, given all the syntactic similarities between the two languages.ÚrtakHenda greinin viðger tað lutfalsliga orðaraðið í sambandi við fýra sløg avsetningshjáorðum í íslendskum og føroyskum. Tilfar frá tveimum spurnakanningum vísir, at tað lutfalsliga orðaraðið í sambandi við hjáorð, sum fylgja raðskipanini hjá Cinque (1999) í báðum málum, fáa positivari metingar enn orðarað, sum stríðir ímóti hesi raðskipan. Mótsetningarnir eru tó nógv minni enn væntast kundi. At íslendskt og føroyskt bera seg at á sera líkan hátt, tá ið tað snýr seg um pláss hjá hjáorðum, er væntandi, tá ið havdir eru í huga allir teir setningafrøðiligu líkskapirnir, sum eru millum tey bæði málini.
Influence of Thermocompression Conditions on the Properties and Chemical Composition of Bio-Based Materials Derived from Lignocellulosic Biomass
Authors: Cavailles Julie , Vaca-Medina Guadalupe , Wu-Tiu-Yen Jenny , Peydecastaing Jérôme , Pontalier Pierre-Yves 
Published: March 2024

The aim of this study was to assess the influence of thermocompression conditions on lignocellulosic biomass such as sugarcane bagasse (SCB) in the production of 100% binderless bio-based materials. Five parameters were investigated: pressure applied (7-102 MPa), molding temperature (60-240°C), molding time (5-30 min), fiber/fine particle ratio (0/100-100/0) and moisture content (0-20%). These parameters affected the properties and chemical composition of the materials. The density ranged from 1198 to 1507 kg/m3, the flexural modulus from 0.9 to 6.9 GPa and the flexural strength at breaking point from 6.1 to 43.6 MPa. Water absorption (WA) and thickness swelling (TS) respectively ranged from 21% to 240% and from 9% to 208%. Higher mechanical properties were obtained using SCB with fine particles, low moisture content (4-10%), high temperature (≥ 200°C) and pressure (≥ 68 MPa), while water resistance was improved using more severe thermocompression conditions with the highest temperature (240°C) and time (30 min) or a higher moisture content (≥ 12.5%). Correlations were noted between the mechanical properties and density, while the material obtained with only fine particles had the highest mechanical properties and density. Material obtained with a 30 min molding time had the lowest WA and TS due to internal chemical reorganization followed by hemicellulose hydrolysis into water-soluble extractables.
PENGEMBANGAN PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT BERBASIS DIGITAL UNTUK PENILAIAN PRAKTIK PENGGUNAAN VACUUM CLEANER DI SMK AKOMODASI PERHOTELAN
Authors: Marlia Della , Jubaedah Yoyoh , Rohaeni Neni 
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh penggunaan alat penilaian yang belum sesuai dengan SOP hotel dan perkembangan teknologi dalam bidang pendidikan, karena alat penilaian yang digunakan masih menggunakan kertas (paper based). Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa perlu adanya pengembangan performance assessment berbasis digital untuk penilaian praktik penggunaan vacuum cleaner di SMK Akomodasi Perhotelan. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengembangkan performance assessment berbasis digital untuk penilaian praktik penggunaan vacuum cleaner di SMK Akomodasi Perhotelan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah mixed methods dengan model ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, dan Evaluation). Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, expert judgment, tes kinerja, dan kuesioner usability. Hasil validasi pengembangan performance assessment berbasis digital untuk penilaian praktik penggunaan vacuum cleaner adalah: (1) ahli evaluasi memperoleh presentase sebesar (96,8%), (2) ahli materi memperoleh presentase sebesar (97,1%), dan (3) ahli IT memperoleh presentase sebesar (94,1%). Hasil capaian peserta didik pada tahap implementasi yang diuji reliabilitas antarrater menggunakan SPSS dengan metode Cronbach Alpha memperoleh hasil (0.945) dengan keterangan baik. Evaluasi dilakukan dengan pengisian kuesioner usability oleh dua penilai dan memperoleh hasil presentase sebesar (100%) yang dinyatakan setuju seluruhnya pada aspek usability. Hasil perolehan data menunjukkan bahwa performance assessment berbasis digital untuk penilaian praktik penggunaan vacuum cleaner layak diimplementasikan di SMK Akomodasi Perhotelan.

Kata kunci: Pengembangan, Performance Assessment, Vacuum Cleaner, Jotform
”The art of being healthy!”: results of the second all-russian competition
Authors: Zinovyeva V. A. , Lopatina M. V. , Kontsevaya A. V. , Drapkina O. M. 
Published: March 2024

Art and culture can be a tool that contributes to the health and well-being of the population. Methods based on art and culture can be used not only in the treatment of diseases, but also in the field of public health promotion as modern approaches to the prevention and control of non-communicable diseases. In the Russian Federation, the Centers for Public Health and Medical Prevention are working to promote a healthy lifestyle and prevent risk factors for the development of diseases, information and communication campaigns, but new approaches are required, in a non-standard, creative format, which contribute not only to informing, but also to the emotional involvement of the population in the activities, including vulnerable groups of the population, as well as the development of intersectoral cooperation between the system of strengthening public health and culture/art, identification of best practices. For this purpose, the All-Russian competition of projects «The Art of being healthy» was developed, applying art and culture in the practice of strengthening public health. In 2021, the first competition was held, for which 15 applications were submitted. In 2023, the second competition was held with international participation, for which 25 applications were submitted. Of these, 22 projects (10 implemented and 12 planned) were selected for the competition, which met the selection criteria. A mandatory criterion is to evaluate the effectiveness of projects. The first place was taken by the project «Heroic grandchildren» (Moscow region); the second place – the project «Health in colors» (Republic of Karelia); the third place – the project «Dance for health» (Nizhny Novgorod region). All projects participating in the competition represent evidence-based approaches to health promotion through art and culture and form a library of best practices.
LRCM: Enhancing Adversarial Purification through Latent Representation Compression
Authors: Li Yixin , Luo Xintao , Wu Weijie , Zheng Minjia 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

In the current context of the extensive use of deep neural networks, it has been observed that neural network models are vulnerable to adversarial perturbations, which may lead to unexpected results. In this paper, we introduce an Adversarial Purification Model rooted in latent representation compression, aimed at enhancing the robustness of deep learning models. Initially, we employ an encoder-decoder architecture inspired by the U-net to extract features from input samples. Subsequently, these features undergo a process of information compression to remove adversarial perturbations from the latent space. To counteract the model's tendency to overly focus on fine-grained details of input samples, resulting in ineffective adversarial sample purification, an early freezing mechanism is introduced during the encoder training process. We conducted experiments using the proposed model to purify adversarial samples generated by various methods using CIFAR-10 and ImageNet datasets. The experimental results revealed a notable increase in accuracy when employing the ResNet classifier.