bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Facilitation and inhibition of B16 melanoma by BCG in vivo and by lymphoid cells from BCG‐treated mice in vitro
Authors: Chee D. O. , Bodurtha A. J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractGroups of mice were pretreated with varying dosages of BCG, then injected with B16 melanoma cells. In mice pretreated with high‐dose (0.5 mg) BCG, the tumor grew at an accelerated rate, whereas with low‐dose (0.005 mg) BCG, the tumor grew at a reduced rate when compared to growth in control mice. These data show that BCG could, depending upon dosage, either facilitate or inhibit tumor growth in vivo. Furthermore, lymphoid cells from high‐dose BCG‐treated tumor‐bearing mice were stimulatory to target B16 melanoma cells in vitro if the ratio of lymphoid cells to target tumor cells was sufficiently low (25:1‐200:1), but were inhibitory when the ratio was high (400:1‐1,000:1).
A prospective study in general practice on breast‐cancer risk in postmenopausal women
Authors: de Waard F. , Baanders‐Van Halewijn E. A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA prospective study of breast‐cancer risk in postmenopausal women has been carried out with the cooperation of 50 general practitioners. A total of 7,259 women have been followed up for an average period of 5.4 years (maximum 8.1 years); 70 cases of breast cancer occurred. The main finding was a pronounced effect of body weight and height on breast cancer risk; the significance of this in explaining international differences in incidence is stressed. High parity counteracted the risk of high weight regarding breastcancer. Single women did not show a high risk because of their relatively low body weight. The relative risk in women with a previous mastectomy was five‐fold.
Cytotoxicity of lymphocytes from patients with cancer of the urinary bladder: Detection by A 3H‐proline microcytotoxicity test
Authors: Bean Michael A. , Pees Hans , Fogh Jørgen E. , Grabstald Harry , Oettgen Herbert F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHuman lymphocytes (purified from defibrinated venous blood using gelatin sedimentation, nylon column incubation, and Tris NH4Cl lysis of contaminating erythrocytes) were tested for cytotoxicity (CTX) against T24 cells derived from a carcinoma of the bladder and against cell cultures derived from other tissues. The CTX was assessed in a modified microcytotoxicity test (MCT) where loss of 3H‐proline prelabelled monolayer target cells from the surface of micro‐wells indicates destruction of these cells. The number of target cells that remained attached after incubation with lymphocytes (measured as residual 3H‐counts) was compared to the number that remained attached after incubation with control lymphocytes. The results were classified into three categories: (1) specific CTX (destruction only of T24 cells); (2) non‐specific CTX (destruction ofT24 cells as well as other target cells); and (3) negative (no destruction of any type of target cell). Specific CTX for T24 cells was seen more often with lymphocytes from bladder cancer patients (10/27) than from other patients and normal individuals (2/49) (p <0.001) which suggests that this is a disease‐related phenomenon. By contrast, non‐specific CTX occurred with equal frequency amopg bladder patients (6/27) and other patients (9/36), although less frequently among normal individuals (0/13). In addition, lymphocytes that showed specific CTX for T24 cells were found more often in patients with early or superficial bladder cancer (8/15) and less often in patients with advanced bladder cancer (2/12). These results are in agreement with those obtained by others who used the standard MCT that measures target‐cell destruction and influences on target‐cell proliferation.
Fetal proteins occurring in testicular teratomas
Authors: Wahren Britta , Edsmyr Folke 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAlpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were determined simultaneously in serial samples from patients with teratocarcinomas, testicular tumors of so‐called embryonic origin. These tumor‐associated fetal substances were seen together in four cases, AFP alone was seen in five, CEA in three and neither antigen in two. The embryonic cancer component was present in all primary tumors in which either fetal antigen was detected. AFP was clearly related to progression or regression of tumor while CEA occurred transiently. Four primary teratocarcinomas and four seminomas were established in short‐term tissue culture. Only one of these particular patients had raised serum AFP levels. When, however, the original tumor‐cell suspensions were assayed by radioimmunoassay or indirect immunofluorescence, AFP was detected in three out of the four teratocarcinomas. CEA was seen in a low percentage of cells from two primary teratocarcinomas. No seminoma cells contained either of the antigens. This means that perhaps most teratocarcinomas do indeed produce AFP and/or CEA, although serum assays may be negative. No relationship was found between the occurrence of the two fetal substances.
Malignant transformation of hamster embryo cells in tissue culture by 7,10‐dimethyl benzo(c)acridine
Authors: Markovits P. , Coppey J. , Papadopoulo D. , Mazabraud A. , Hubert‐Habart M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractDuring the 4th passage of hamster embryo cells originally treated with 7,10‐dimethyl benzo (c)acridine, characteristic colonies with transformed cells appeared. This compound is carcinogenic in mice, but its effects on cells in culture have not yet been studied. Each cell line derived from this subculture produces sarcomas in new‐born hamsters. An inoculum of 10,000 cells per animal produced visible tumors in an average time of 67 days. If the number of transplanted cells was increased, the tumors appeared sooner. These experiments, as well as others carried out in our laboratory using other carcinogens, demonstrate that hamster embryo cells cultivated in vitro can be successfully used for transformation studies.
Inheritance of susceptibility to friend mouse leukemia virus. XII. Effects of the Fv‐1 locus
Authors: Odaka Takeshi 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe genetic control of susceptibility to the Friend leukemia virus (FLV) complex was studied under conditions which excluded the effect of the Fv locus. From hybrids between two mouse lines which have the same Fv genotype, but differ from each other in response to FLV infection, partially inbred lines were established by selecting for high or low ability to support multiplication of the N‐tropic FLV complex. The results indicated that the Fv‐1 locus controls multiplication of the FLV complex and of the lymphatic leukemia virus (a viral component of FLV complex) and also the development of late splenomegaly. Gene interaction between Fv and Fv‐1 in determining the susceptibility to FLV complex was discussed.
Influence of 5‐bromodeoxyuridine on the expression of avian GS antigen in mammalian rous sarcoma virus‐transformed cells
Authors: Sovová V. , Sainerová H. , Urbánková M. , Hloěánek I. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe avian group‐specific (gs) antigen in the virogenic RSV‐transfarmed LW13‐RsKl and LW13‐RsK4 cells is detectable in the perinuclear zone of the cells only by immunofluorescence tests. After treatment of cells with 5‐bromodeoxyuridine (BUdR) it is detectable even by complement‐fixation tests and the immunofluorescence tests reveal its presence in the whole cytoplasm of tumour cells. The increased expression of gs antigen is, however, transient. Attempts to induce gs antigen in the non‐virogenic RSV‐transformed cells after BUdR treatement failed.
Immunogenicity, antigenicity and mechanisms of tumor rejection of mineral‐oil‐induced plasmacytomas in syngeneic BALB/c mice
Authors: McCoy J. L. , Dean J. H. , Law L. W. , Williams J. , McCoy N. T. , Holiman B. J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTransplantation immunity studies were conducted to determine whether mineral‐oil‐induced plasmacytomas of syngeneic BALB/c mice possess tumor‐associated transplantation antigens (TATAs). In a series of experiments to determine whether TATA could be detected, it was established that the optimum immunization regimen against TATA was obtained by immunizing syngeneic hosts with an intradermal inoculation of viable plasmacytoma cells, followed by therapeutic drug‐induced tumor regression with aniline mustard. This immunization regimen induced transplantation immunity not only to the homologous tumor employed for immunization, but was effective in demonstrating some cross‐protection when mice were rechallenged with other plasmacytomas. Thus, definite cross‐reactivity of antigens was observed between some plasmacytomas, but others shown to possess TATA did not share antigens. These, therefore, may possess distinct TATA (s). Further, studies with Winn assays employing cells from BALB/c mice immune to plasmacytoma cells support the idea that cell‐mediated immune functions are responsible for syngeneic plasmacytoma rejection. Specificity studies in subsequent Winn assays demonstrated that the kill was directed against plasmacytoma cells and not against TATA (s) of an MLV‐induced Moloney leukemia and SV40 virus‐induced tumor cells. The nature of the TATA (s) detected is not known, but they probably represent new “cell‐associated” antigens acquired during malignant transformation. Finally, the selective removal of the thymus‐dependent cell component of the immune lymphocyte population with anti‐theta serum and complement eliminated the tumor‐neutralizing properties of the immune cells in the Winn assay.
Cellular immunity against tumor‐associated antigens in humans: Lymphocyte stimulation and skin reaction
Authors: Vànky Farkas , Klein Eva , Stjernswärd Jan , Nilsonne Ulf 
Published: February 2007

Abstract3 M KCl‐extracts prepared from human tumors (14 sarcoma, 2 astrocytoma, 3 Wilm's nephroblastoma and 1 melanoma) and from non‐malignant tissues (8 muscle, 4 skin, 2 cartilage, 1 kidney, 2 brain and 1 bone marrow) have been used to stimulate autohgous and allogeneic lymphocytes and as antigen in autologous skin tests. The results of the lymphocyte stimulation by autologous tumor‐biopsy cells and their KCl‐extracts were concordant. Moreover, these in vitro results correlated well with the in vivo immune reactivity indicated by skin tests. Tumor‐cell suspensions were weak allogeneic stimulators, and KCl‐extracts were stimulatory only after presensitization. When a tumor‐cell sample and its KCl‐preparation were used in autologous and 11 allogeneic tests the degree of autologous stimulation with tumor cells was as high as the highest allogeneic one and the KCl‐extract stimulated the autologous lymphocytes to the same degree. The results strengthen the validity of the lymphocyte stimulation test as an assay for tumor‐specific reaction.
Cell‐mediated cytotoxicity against human bladder cancer
Authors: Bloom Eda T. , Ossorio R. Clifford , Brosman Stanley A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractLymphocytes from patients with bladder, renal or prostate carcinomas, or with non‐malignant genito‐urinary disorders, and from normal individuals, were tested in a microcytotoxicity test against cultured bladder cancer cells (T24) and other target cell types. Effector cells were titrated over a range of concentrations against target cells to achieve a quantitative measure of toxicity. Tests were shown to be reproducible by repeat tests of normal donors. Lymphocytes from patients with bladder cancer were more strongly cytotoxic to T24 than lymphocytes from normal healthy donors or from patients with renal or prostatic carcinomas. Cell‐mediated cytotoxicity (CMC) by lymphocytes from bladder‐cancer patients, however, was not significantly stronger than CMC by lymphocytes from patients with non‐malignant GU disorders. Strength of CMC against T24 by lymphocytes from patients with bladder cancer correlated inversely with the extent of disease. Patients with superficial and locally invasive lesions showed strongest anti‐T24 reactivity while patients with disseminated disease had CMC equivalent to normals. In tests against target cells derived from amnion of carcinomas of the breast, cervix and/or colon, CMC by lymphocytes from bladder‐cancer patients was not significantly different from that of any other group. Lymphocytes from all donor groups were cytotoxic at some level to cells from cultures derived from bladder cancer and other tissues, although cell lines differed in apparent vulnerability in CMC tests.
Synthesis of A DNA binding protein in normal and transformed cells
Authors: Rubio Victor , Long Cedric 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe synthesis of a single‐stranded DNA binding protein (P8) by normal and Kirsten sarcoma‐virus‐transformed mouse cells was measured in serum depleted of growth factors by 3T3/B cells. P8 protein was made by the transformed but not the normal cells and was present during the time of peak DNA synthesis. Normal 3T3/B cells were partially synchronized by growth in depleted serum and a change to regular medium. Following the medium change the rate of DNA synthesis increased to a peak between 15 and 20 h and then fell. P8 protein synthesis coincided with the initiation of DNA synthesis and peaked during the same time period. When aminopterin was added to block DNA synthesis, P8 protein was still made during the period of normal DNA synthesis.
Mobility of concanavalina receptors on the surface membrane of lymphocytes from normal persons and patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Ben‐Bassat Hannah , Goldblum Natan , Manny Noga , Sachs Leo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractLymphocytes, isolated from the peripheral blood of normal persons and patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia, have been studied for cap formation and agglutinability by Concanavalin A (Con A). Twenty‐eight to 32% of the lymphocytes from 12 normal persons formed a cap and there was a similar frequency in separated B cells. The lymphocytes from 12 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia showed 6‐10% cells with a cap. Lymphocytes from the leukemic patients had a higher degree of Con‐A‐induced agglutinability than the lymphocytes from normal persons, and both types of cell bound a similar number of Con A molecules. The results indicate that there are differences in the mobility of Con A receptors on the surface membrane of lymphocytes from normal persons and patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
Inhibition of murine RNA tumor virus replication and oncogenesis by chloroquine
Authors: Pazmiño Nelson H. , Yuhas John M. , Tennant Raymond W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe effects of 7‐chloro‐4‐(4‐diethylamino‐l‐methylbutylamino) quinoline diphos‐phate (chloroquine) on marine RNA oncogenic virus infection and replication were studied in cell culture and in vivo. Replication ofMoloney leukemia virus in cell culture was inhibited by approximately 75% at a drug concentration of 1 s̈/ml. This concentration had no effect on cellular DNA or RNA synthesis or on cell division. Chloroquine at a dose of 50 mg/kg body weight given 15 min after injection of Moloney murine sarcoma virus prevented tumor development in newborn mice; similar treatment inhibited the induction of splenomegaly by Rauscher leukemia virus in adult mice. The effect of the drug is not exerted on the virus particle itself, since incubation of the virus with chloroquine for 30 min prior to infection did not decrease its oncogenicity. Presumably, the drug affects one or more events in virus replication.
Cytostasis of lymphoma cells in suspension: Probable non‐thymic origin of the cytostatic lymphoid cells in mice bearing MSV‐induced tumors
Authors: Senik A. , De Giorgi L. , Gomard E. , Levy J. P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractLymphoid cell suspensions of MSV‐tumor‐bearing mice were studied in the cytostasis assay (CA) against syngeneic lymphoma cells in suspension. Pretreatment by anti‐θ serum and complement, carbonyl iron and a magnet, or filtration through antiimmunoglobulin‐coated glass bead columns shows that macrophages are probably the main effector cells of the cytostatic anti‐tumor effect demonstrated by the CA, which further illustrates the diversity of the anti‐tumor immune response in the MSV system.
Embroynic antigens associated with chemically induced colon carcinomas in rats
Authors: Steele Glenn , Sjögren H. O. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBlood lymphocytes of multiparous, pregnant Wistar/Furth rats were cytotoxic to plated cells derived from chemically induced rat colon carcinomas as well as to fetal kidney, fetal liver and fetal colon cells, but not to normal adult rat colon mucosa cells. Blood lymphocytes and lymph‐node cells from rats bearing colon carcinomas induced by two different chemical carcinogens were consistently cytotoxic to fetal colon cells but never cytotoxic to fetal kidney, fetal liver, or normal adult rat colon mucosa cells. Sera from multiparous, pregnant rats always (4/4 experiments) blocked the cytotoxicity of lymphocytes from colon‐carcinoma‐bearing rats against fetal colon target cells, but less frequently (2/4 tests) inhibited the cytotoxicity of these lymphocytes against colon carcinoma target cells. Sera from colon carcinoma bearers blocked the cytotoxicity of lymphocytes from colon tumor bearers on either colon carcinoma or fetal colon target cells. When assayed with colon carcinoma target cells exposed to lymph‐node cells from colon‐tumor‐bearing rats, the blocking activity of sera from multiparous, pregnant rats could be absorbed out by treatment with colon carcinoma and fetal gut cells, but not by polyoma‐virus‐induced sarcoma, normal colon mucosa, fetal kidney, or whole embryo cells. Blocking activity could be recovered from low pH eluates of the colon carcinoma and fetal gut cells. In 2/3 absorption experiments the ability of sera from multiparous, pregnant rats to block cytotoxicity of lymphocytes from colon tumor bearers incubated with fetal colon target cells was abolished by absorption of the sera with colon carcinoma, fetal gut, fetal kidney and whole embryo cells, but not by absorption with polyoma‐virusinduced sarcoma cells or with normal colon mucosa cells. These results indicate that (1) embryonic antigensgare immunogenic in multiparous, pregnant rats; (2) chemically induced colon carcinomas in rats share at least a partial antigenic identity with a wide spectrum of fetal tissues; and (3) a more particular antigenic cross‐reactivity exists between the colon carcinomas and fetal gut, reflecting the presence of fetal organ‐specific antigens.
Friend lymphatic leukemia virus‐induced autoimmune hemolytic anemia with glomerulpnephritis in the rat
Authors: Kuzumaki Noboru , Kodama Takao , Takeichi Noritoshi , Kobayashi Hiroshi 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWKA/Mk rats injected with Friend lymphatic leukemia virus at birth developed a runt ing syndrome which was associated with a high incidence of hemolytic anemia. The anemia was characterized by the presence of incomplete anti‐erythrocyte autoantibodies detected by the direct antiglobulin test and the indirect enzyme‐augmented hemagglutination assay, and, in some cases, was followed by glomerulonephritis. This system in the rat may represent a new model of autoimmune hemolytic anemia in man.
Immunoprophylaxis and immunotherapy for a murine fibrosarcoma with C. Granulosum and C. Parvum
Authors: Milas Luka , Gutterman Jordan U. , Bašić Ivan , Hunter Nancy , Mavligit Giora M. , Hersh Evan M. , Withers H. Rodney 
Published: February 2007

AbstractProphylactic and therapeutic effectiveness of killed C. granulosum and C. parvum bacteria was investigated against a methylcholanthrene‐induced fibrosarcoma in syngeneic C3Hf/Bu mice. Subcutaneous or intravenous treatment of mice with 0.25 mg of these bacteria greatly reduced the number of tumor nodules (metastases, colonies) in the lung generated by 105 or 106 fibrosarcoma cells inoculated intravenously 7 days later. The treatment also prolonged the survival of tumor‐cell recipients, and to some mice afforded complete protection against tumor growth. Number of lung metastases and survival of the recipients were more affected by intravenous than by subcutaneous treatment with the bacteria. Given intravenously to mice 3 days after intravenous inoculation of 2×105 fibrosarcoma cells, these non‐specific immunostimulants significantly reduced the number of pulmonary colonies and prolonged survival of mice. In contrast, subcutaneous application of the bacteria was only slightly effective. Both C. granulosum and C. parvum administered intravenously to mice 3 days following subcutaneous injection of 4×105 fibrosarcoma cells did not affect the development of subcutaneous tumors. However, when the tumors had grown to 25‐17 mm in diameter 67% and 80% of them underwent complete and lasting regressions in mice treated with C. granulosum and C. parvum, respectively. C. granulosum and C. parvum were approximately equally effective against both intravenously and subcutaneously injected tumor cells.
Cytotoxicity with antibody‐glucose oxidase conjugates specific for a human colonic cancer and carcinoembryonic antigen
Authors: Shearer William T. , Turnbaugh Thomas R. , Coleman William E. , Aach Richard D. , Philpott Gordon W. , Parker Charles W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRabbit or goat antibodies to a human colonic cancer cell line (HT‐29) and to carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were studied with respect to their ability to cause complement‐mediated and enzyme‐mediated cytotoxicity. IgG fractions of normal sera and antisera to CEA and HT‐29 were prepared and conjugated to glucose oxidase, an enzyme which permits specific iodination of cell membranes in the presence of glucose, iodide, and lactoperoxidase. Cytotoxicity was evaluated with several established tumor‐cell lines in vitro by measuring the uptake of 125 I‐iododeoxyuridine after 24 h in tissue culture. Specific iodination and cytotoxicity were observed with both enzyme‐antibody conjugates, but the enzyme‐antibody conjugate specific for CEA was much less effective than that for HT‐29. Complement‐mediated cytotoxicity was obtained with both antibodies, but with anti‐CEA antibody effects were obtained only at high antibody concentrations. The attachment of enzyme to antibody produced manifold enhancement of the inherent cytotoxicity of the antibody.
Distinctive properties of thymidine kinase isozymes induced by human and avian herpesviruses
Authors: Kit Saul , Leung Wai‐Choi , Jorgensen George N. , Dubbs Del Rose 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBiochemical and immunological experiments have been performed to learn whether human and avion herpesvirus‐induced dT kinases could be distinguished from the cytosol and mitochondrial dT kinase isozymes of uninfected cells. The dT kinases induced by human herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (HSV‐1 and HSV‐2) and by avian infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV) and herpesvirus of turkeys (HVT) were used. The present experiments extend previous investigations and demonstrate that: (1) human and avian herpesvirus‐induced dT kinases differ from cytosol dT kinases of uninfected cells with respect to electrophoretic mobility, isoelectric point and phosphate donor specificity; (2) human and avian herpesvirus‐induced dT kinases differ from mitochondrial dT kinases of uninfected cells with respect to sedimentation coefficients and sensitivity to dCTP inhibition; and (3) HSV‐1‐ and HSV‐2‐induced dT kinases differ from human cytosol and mitochondrial dT kinases in thermal lability and antigenic determinants. The cellular and the viral‐induced dT kinase isozymes were all inhibited by the end product inhibitor, dTTP. Immunoglobulin (Ig) from sera of rabbits immunized with the HSV‐1‐induced dT kinase inhibited the homologous enzyme and some anti‐type 1 Ig preparations partially inhibited the HSV‐2 dT kinase, but the anti‐type 1 Ig inhibited neither cytosol and mitochondrial dT kinases from human, mouse, and monkey cells, nor the dT kinases induced by ILTV, HVT, or vaccinia virus. Anti‐type 2 Ig inhibited the homologous HSV‐2 dT kinase, but not HSV‐1 or human mitochondrial dT kinase.