bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inflammation in Lone Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Yao Shu‐Yuan , Chu Jian‐Min , Chen Ke‐Ping , Tang Min , Fang Pi‐Hua , Wang Fang‐Zheng , Zhang Shu 
Published: February 2009

AbstractObjectivesThis study was designed to evaluate the correlation between lone atrial fibrillation and inflammation.MethodsA total of 411 subjects were enrolled in this study, including 333 patients with lone atrial fibrillation, and 78 controls. C‐reactive protein (CRP) and echocardiography were evaluated, and the electrocardiograph was monitored to identify cardiac rhythm at the time of blood sampling. According to the rhythm, paroxysmal atrial fibrillation was divided into presence and absence of atrial fibrillation.ResultsSubjects with lone atrial fibrillation had higher CRP levels than controls (media, 1.00 mg/L; IQR, 1.00–2.54 versus media, 1.00 mg/L; IQR, 1.00–1.55; p = 0.016) and subjects with persistent atrial fibrillation had higher CRP levels than those with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (media, 1.62 mg/L; IQR, 1.00–3.98 versus media, 1.00 mg/L, IQR, 1.00–2.10; p = 0.022), and so did presence of atrial fibrillation rather than absence of atrial fibrillation (media, 2.11 mg/L; IQR, 1.00–3.60 versus media, 1.00 mg/L; IQR, 1.00–1.76; p = 0.000) in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. However, there was no significant difference in CRP levels between persistent atrial fibrillation and presence of atrial fibrillation in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (p = 0.992). Neither was there any difference between absence of atrial fibrillation in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and controls (p = 0.483). In patients with lone atrial fibrillation, atrial fibrillation rhythm (B = 4.85, 95%CI: 2.61–8.99) was the only independent predictor of elevated CRP levels after adjusted covariants.ConclusionsPatients with lone atrial fibrillation had elevated CRP levels only when they were in atrial fibrillation rhythm and an elevated CRP level was not related to duration of time or history of atrial fibrillation. Copyright © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Safety of Intra‐aortic Balloon Pump Using Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Antagonists
Authors: Laish‐Farkash Avishag , Hod Hanoch , Matetzky Shlomo , Guetta Victor 
Published: February 2009

AbstractBackgroundAnticoagulation with heparin is recommended with intra‐aortic balloon pump (IABP) to prevent thrombosis and embolization. However, anticoagulation increases the risk of bleeding, particularly in combination with glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa antagonists.HypothesisWe investigated the safety of using GP IIb/IIIa antagonists without heparin after IABP insertion in patients who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).MethodsConsecutive patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), who underwent primary PCI and were treated with GP IIb/IIIa antagonists without concomitant heparin, and in whom IABP was inserted, were followed during hospitalization for thrombotic and hemorrhagic complications.ResultsNinety‐seven patients were included in this analysis. Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa antagonist treatment duration was 12–24 h in 89% of patients, and IABP duration was up to 48 h in 97% of patients. Three patients (3.1%) developed vascular complications: 1 had a major limb ischemia (long IABP treatment), 1 had a minor limb ischemia, and 1 had a cerebrovascular event (after prolonged resuscitation). All patients were already on heparin at the time of the thrombotic events. The rates of major and minor bleeding complications were 9% and 15.5%, respectively.ConclusionsThe rate of thrombotic complications is relatively low in post‐primary PCI patients with IABP treated with GP IIb/IIIa antagonists without concomitant heparin therapy. Such an approach may reduce the risk of hemorrhagic complications, with low risk of thrombotic complications. Copyright © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Relationship Between Accurate Auscultation of the Fourth Heart Sound and the Level of Physician Experience
Authors: Gupta Saurabh , Michaels Andrew D. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractBackgroundPoor performance by physicians‐in‐training and interobserver variability between physicians has diminished clinicians' confidence in the value of the fourth heart sound (S4).HypothesisWe sought to determine if accurate auscultation of an S4 improves with advancing levels of experience.MethodsWe performed a prospective study of 100 patients undergoing left heart catheterization. Patients underwent blinded auscultation by 4 physicians (each from 1 of 4 different levels of experience), computerized acoustic cardiography, measurement of B‐type natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels, echocardiography for measurement of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and cardiac catheterization for measurement of left ventricular end‐diastolic pressure (LVEDP).ResultsWhile cardiology fellows', residents', and interns' auscultatory findings demonstrated no significant agreement with acoustic cardiography, an S4 auscultated by cardiology attendings had moderate diagnostic accuracy with acoustic cardiography (odds ratio [OR]: 2.31; receiver‐operating‐characteristic [ROC] area: 0.60). The sensitivities of the S4 were low (39%–46%) for identifying patients with abnormal measures of left ventricular filling pressure (BNP and LVEDP, respectively), and the specificities were fair (76%–80%) with acoustic cardiography. The S4 was not associated with abnormal LVEF. None of the ausculatory groups performed as well as acoustic cardiography in separating patients based on objective measures of left ventricular filling pressure. Acoustic cardiography had the lowest (superior) negative likelihood ratios compared to any ausculatory group.ConclusionsThe S4 auscultated by cardiology attendings demonstrated superior diagnostic test characteristics compared with internal medicine housestaff and cardiology fellows. Correlations between the S4 and measures of ventricular filling pressure were superior for acoustic cardiography compared to the auscultator groups. Copyright © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthesis of Calix(aza)crown and its Oligomeric Analogue for the Extraction of Selected Metal Cations and Dichromate Anions
Authors: Akkus Gülderen Uysal , Memon Shahabuddin , Sezgin Mehmet , Yilmaz Mustafa 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe present study reports the synthesis of a novel ionophore, calix[4]azacrown (5) bearing two amino groups at the lower rim along with its oligomeric analogue (6). The liquid‐liquid extraction properties of these compounds towards selected metal cations and dichromate anions have been evaluated. It is observed that (5) and (6) are good extractants for the selected metal cations. However, in the case of dichromate anion, only species (5) shows remarkable extraction properties at low pH, whereas species (6) shows poor extraction behavior. The results have importance especially in wastewater treatment to obtain environmentally safe industrial effluent and they should also assist supramolecular chemists in designing and synthesizing more sophisticated host molecules for the removal of toxic pollutants.
Cognitive functioning in breast cancer survivors: A controlled comparison
Authors: Jim Heather S. L. , Donovan Kristine A. , Small Brent J. , Andrykowski Michael A. , Munster Pamela N. , Jacobsen Paul B. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:The current study was performed to determine whether neuropsychologic functioning differs in breast cancer survivors 6 months after the completion of adjuvant treatment compared with women without cancer.METHODS:Participants were 187 women who were diagnosed with ductal carcinoma in situ or stage I or stage II breast cancer and 187 age‐matched and geographically matched women without cancer. Of the survivors, 97 had been treated after surgery with chemotherapy only or chemotherapy plus radiotherapy and 90 had been treated after surgery with radiotherapy only (grading determined according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer grading system).RESULTS:Small but statistically significant differences in cognitive functioning and cognitive impairment were observed in those survivors who were treated with chemotherapy and their matched controls, as well as in survivors treated with radiotherapy only and their matched controls. No group differences were observed with regard to cognitive symptoms.CONCLUSIONS:Data from the current study suggest that cognitive deficits are subtle and likely the result of the general effects of cancer diagnosis and treatment rather than systemic treatment. Cancer 2009. Published 2009 by the American Cancer Society.
Metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck
Authors: Oddone Nicolas , Morgan Gary J. , Palme Carsten E. , Perera Lakmalie , Shannon Jennifer , Wong Eva , Gebski Val , Veness Michael J. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:The authors propose a prognostic score model using a prospective study of patients with regional metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.METHODS:Two‐hundred fifty patients were analyzed using a competing risks model to identify risk factors for survival. A risk score was obtained using the significant coefficients from the regression model, and cutoff points were determined that separated the score into 3 risk groups (low risk, moderate risk, and high risk).RESULTS:At a median follow‐up of 54 months (range, 1.3‐212 months) 70 of 250 patients (28%) developed recurrent disease: Most were regional recurrences (51 of 70 patients; 73%) in the treated lymph node basin. After regional recurrence, a majority (73%) died of disease. The following 4 variables were associated significantly with survival: immunosuppression (hazard ratio [HR], 3.13; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.39‐7.05), treatment (HR, 0.32; 95% CI, 0.16‐0.66), extranodal spread (HR, 9.92; 95% CI, 1.28‐77.09), and margin status (HR, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.85‐3.369); and those 4 variables (immuosuppression, treatment, extranodal spread, and margin status) were used to calculate the ITEM score. The 5‐year risk of dying from disease for patients with high‐risk (>3.0), moderate‐risk (>2.6‐3.0), and low‐risk (≤2.6) ITEM scores were 56%, 24%, and 6%, respectively. Fifty‐six of 250 patients (22%) died from another cause.CONCLUSIONS:Patients who underwent surgery and received adjuvant radiotherapy had a better outcome compared with patients who underwent surgery alone. Patients who had moderate‐ or high‐risk ITEM scores, usually because of extranodal spread and involved excision margins, had a poor outcome. The authors recommend considering these patients for inclusion in adjuvant chemoradiotherapy trials. Cancer 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society.
NA cohort study of thyroid cancer and other thyroid diseases after the Chernobyl accident
Authors: Bozhok Yuriy , Greenebaum Ellen , Bogdanova Tetyana I. , McConnell Robert J. , Zelinskaya Anna , Brenner Alina V. , Zurnadzhy Lyudmyla Y. , Zablotska Lydia , Tronko Mykola D. , Hatch Maureen 
Published: February 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:The Ukrainian American Cohort Study was established to evaluate the risk of thyroid disorders in a group exposed as children and adolescents to 131I by the Chernobyl accident (arithmetic mean thyroid dose, 0.79 grays). Individuals are screened by palpation and ultrasound and are referred to surgery according to fine‐needle aspiration biopsy (FNA). However, the accuracy of FNA cytology for detecting histopathologically confirmed malignancy after this level of internal exposure to radioiodines is unknown.METHODS:During the first screening cycle (1998‐2000), 13,243 individuals were examined, 356 individuals with thyroid nodules were referred for FNA, 288 individuals completed the procedure, 85 individuals were referred to surgery, 82 individuals underwent surgery, and preoperative cytology was available for review in 78 individuals. Cytologic interpretation for the nodule that resulted in surgical referral was correlated with final pathomorphology; discrepancies were reviewed retrospectively; and the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of FNA cytology were calculated.RESULTS:All 24 cytologic interpretations that were definite for papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) were confirmed histopathologically (PPV, 100%); and, of 11 cytologic interpretations that were suspicious for PTC, 10 were confirmed (PPV, 90.9%). Ten of 41 FNAs that were interpreted as either definite or suspect for follicular neoplasm were confirmed as malignant (PPV, 24.4%), including 2 follicular thyroid cancers and 8 PTCs (all but 1 of the follicular or mixed subtypes). Depending on whether a cytologic interpretation of follicular neoplasm was considered “positive” or “negative,” the sensitivity was 100% and 77.3%, respectively; similarly, the respective specificity was 17.6% and 97.1%, the respective PPV was 61.1% and 97.1%, and the respective NPV was 100% and 76.7%.CONCLUSIONS:Among children and adolescents who were exposed to 131I after the Chernobyl accident and were evaluated 12 to 14 years later, thyroid cytology had a sensitivity and a predictive value similar to those reported in unexposed populations. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2009. Published 2009 by the American Cancer Society.
Cover Picture: Stable Hybrid Silica Nanosieve Membranes for the Dehydration of Lower Alcohols (ChemSusChem 2/2009)
Authors: Kreiter Robert , Rietkerk Mariëlle D. A. , Castricum Hessel L. , van Veen Henk M. , ten Elshof Johan E. , Vente Jaap F. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe cover picture shows the membrane separation of water (blue arrow) from crude ethanol (red arrows) as a key enabling technology in the production of ethanol from lignocellulosic biomass. This technology is generally considered to be one of the more viable options for the transition to a sustainable transportation fuel supply. In their Communication on page 158, J. F. Vente and co‐workers describe the preparation and performance of an amorphous bridged silsesquioxane‐based membrane characterized by Si–CH2–Si building units. This new organic–inorganic hybrid silica membrane allows the dehydration of ethanol and, to some extent, methanol. Even the presence of 1.5 wt % acetic acid does not affect the separation performance of these membranes.magnified image
Schallschutz mit Leichtbeton
Authors: Lieblang Peter , Höfker Gerrit 
Published: February 2009

AbstractDer bauliche Schallschutz hat eine große Bedeutung für das Wohlbefinden der Nutzer. Zugleich lassen sich Mängel beim baulichen Schallschutz nur mit großem Aufwand beseitigen. Um alle gestellten Anforderungen an den baulichen Schallschutz zielsicher einhalten zu können, ist ein Verständnis grundlegender akustischer Zusammenhänge und die Kenntnis der Eigenschaften aller verwendeten Baustoffe erforderlich. Im Folgenden soll ein kurzer Überblick über den baulichen Schallschutz unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des Baustoffs Leichtbeton gegeben werden (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Schalltechnische Entkopplung – Verbesserung der Flankenschalldämmung im Ziegel‐Massivbau
Authors: Gierga Michael 
Published: February 2009

AbstractDie in der Vergangenheit aufgetretenen Probleme einer hohen Schall‐Längsleitung über leichte Flankenbauteile im Massivbau können durch geeignete Entkopplungsmaßnahmen vollständig beseitigt werden. Die erreichbaren Schall‐Längsdämmmaße bewirken eine deutlich geringere Schallübertragung als aus dem normativen, über die flächenbezogenen Massen zu berechnenden Prognoseverfahren für massive Bauteilanschlüsse. Die akustische Qualität derartiger Detailpunkte ist konstruktionsabhängig und zwischenzeitlich für viele Ziegel‐Anschlussdetails messtechnisch untersucht worden. Nach einer labortechnischen Erprobungsphase liegen nunmehr zahlreiche Prüfergebnisse von ausgeführten Praxisobjekten vor. Die Verwendung der Stoßstellendämm‐Maße von akustisch entkoppelten Bauteilanschlüssen im Rahmen der normativen Nachweisführung kann zukünftig auf einer soliden, durch Baumessungen abgesicherten Basis erfolgen (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Energetisch optimiertes Bauen nach der EnEV 2009 in deutschen Erdbebengebieten
Authors: Heße Markus , Schoch Torsten 
Published: February 2009

AbstractAuswirkungen des Aufeinandertreffens neuer Nachweisverfahren im Bereich der Bemessung für Erdbeben und des Wärmeschutzes sind Diskussionsgegenstand, ob Mauerwerksbauten auch in Zukunft noch in gewohnter Form ausgeführt werden können. Dabei stehen heute Hilfsmittel zur Verfügung, Gebäudekonstruktionen für beide Beanspruchungen als Einzellösungen zu konstruieren. Die neuen bzw. bereits eingeführten Regelwerke verlangen nach Anpassungen im Rahmen der Planung und Ausführung von Mauerwerksbauten, diese werden in dem Beitrag anhand eines Beispiels erläutert. Es wird aufgezeigt, dass mit den jahrzehntelang bewährten Mauerwerkskonstruktionen auch in Zukunft Einfamilienhäuser ohne besondere Aufwendungen geplant und errichtet werden können. Es ergibt sich aber auch, dass für andere Gebäudearten und für einen integralen Planungsprozess noch weitere Maßnahmen notwendig sind, damit die wirtschaftliche Bauweise von monolithischem Mauerwerk auch in Zukunft erste Wahl für Wohnungsbauten in vielen Regionen Deutschlands ist. Hier gilt es, die Zukunft im Bereich der Normung, der Verordnungen und der Umsetzungsmaßnahmen gemeinsam so zu gestalten, dass alle Prozessbeteiligten ihrer Rolle im Bauprozess effizient gerecht werden und damit den vielfachen Wunsch nach eigenem Wohnraum zu vertretbaren Investitions‐ und Betriebskosten erfüllen können (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
QUADROTHERM – Die funktionale Wandtemperierung
Authors: Hobbie André 
Published: February 2009

AbstractSchon die alten Römer wussten, dass im europäischen Norden eine offene Feuerstätte nur bedingt dem Lebenskomfort dienlich ist. Die von den Umfassungsflächen eines Gebäudes abgegebene Strahlung – ob als Wärme oder Kälte – wird von den Bewohnern als angenehm bzw. unangenehm empfunden. Die thermische Behaglichkeit spielt demnach eine dominierende Rolle für das menschliche Wohlbefinden in beheizten Räumen. Ein optimales Verhältnis zwischen der Abgabe der produzierten Körperwärme an die Umgebung und der Wärmewirkung durch die Umgebung bestimmt den Grad dieser thermischen Behaglichkeit. Ist die Temperaturdifferenz zwischen eigener Körpertemperatur und den umgebenden Bauteilen zu groß, findet eine zu schnelle Wärmeabgabe des Körpers statt, und dies führt unter Umständen zu unangenehmen Zugerscheinungen. Aus diesem Grund nutzten bereits die Römer zur Beheizung unter anderem ihrer Thermen die so genannte Hypokaustenheizung, bei der Rauch‐ bzw. Heizgase durch ein Kanalsystem in den Fußboden oder hinter die Wand geleitet wurden. Durch die stark erhitzte Luft heizte sich die “hypokausis” – die Wand oder der Fußboden – auf und gab anschließend einen Großteil der Wärme als Strahlungswärme an die jeweiligen Räume ab.Bei QUADROTHERM handelt es sich nun um ein wassergeführtes Flächentemperierungssystem, bei dem vorgefertigte Leitungen im Abstand von 25 cm durch die senkrechten Installationskanäle einer KS‐QUADRO E ‐Wand geführt werden. Hierdurch wird sowohl die Möglichkeit der effektiven Wandflächenheizung als auch ‐kühlung geschaffen, welche Architekten und Bauherrn einen einzigartigen Zweifachnutzen garantiert: Heizsystem im Winter und Klimaanlage im Sommer. Der folgende Beitrag gibt Hinweise zu Planung, Bemessung und Einsatz des Systems (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Entwicklung eines Recycling‐Mauersteins – Verwendung von Abbruchmaterial und Baurestmassen und Anwendung der Kalksandstein‐Technologie
Authors: Eden Wolfgang , Middendorf Bernhard 
Published: February 2009

AbstractIm Rahmen eines Forschungsprojektes wurde ein neuer Recycling‐Mauerstein entwickelt, dessen Herstellung unter Verwendung von Original‐Mauerwerk‐Abbruchmaterial und unter Einsatz der Kalksandstein‐Technologie erfolgt. Bei den auf diese Weise hergestellten Mauersteinen handelt es sich nicht um Kalksandsteine, sondern um Recycling‐Mauersteine. Die wichtigsten Ergebnisse des Forschungsprojektes sind im folgenden Beitrag zusammengestellt. Der komplette Bericht mit allen Untersuchungsergebnissen ist in [1] wiedergegeben (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
What Is the mechanism of SIDS? Clues from epidemiology
Authors: Mitchell Edwin A. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe cause of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is unknown. Many mechanisms have been postulated, although thermal stress, rebreathing of expired gases and infection/inflammation seem the most viable hypotheses for the causation of SIDS. Deaths from SIDS have reduced dramatically following the recommendation not to place infants to sleep prone. Epidemiological data have shown that prone sleeping position is more risky in winter, colder latitudes, higher altitudes, if the infant is unwell or has excessive bedding or clothing. This suggests prone sleeping position involves either directly or indirectly a thermal mechanism. SIDS caused by an infective/inflammatory mechanism might be associated with deaths occurring during the night. Rebreathing of expired gases, airway obstruction, long QT syndrome and other genetic conditions may explain a small number of sudden unexpected deaths in infancy. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 51: 215–222, 2009
Independent effects of song quality and experience with photostimulation on expression of the immediate, early gene ZENK (EGR‐1) in the auditory telencephalon of female European starlings
Authors: Sockman Keith W. , Ball Gregory F. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractAge influences behavioral decisions such as reproductive timing and effort. In photoperiodic species, such age effects may be mediated, in part, by the individual's age‐accrued experience with photostimulation. In female European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) that do not differ in age, experimental manipulation of photostimulation experience (photoexperience) affects hypothalamic, pituitary, and gonadal activity associated with reproductive development. Does photoexperience also affect activity in forebrain regions involved in processing a social cue, the song of males, which can influence mate choice and reproductive timing in females? Female starlings prefer long songs over short songs in a mate‐choice context, and, like that in other songbird species, their auditory telencephalon plays a major role in processing these signals. We manipulated the photoexperience of female starlings, photostimulated them, briefly exposed them to either long or short songs, and quantified the expression of the immediate‐early gene ZENK (EGR‐1) in the caudomedial nidopallium as a measure of activity in the auditory telencephalon. Using an information theoretic approach, we found higher ZENK immunoreactivity in females with prior photostimulation experience than in females experiencing photostimulation for the first time. We also found that long songs elicited greater ZENK immunoreactivity than short songs did. We did not find an effect of the interaction between photoexperience and song length, suggesting that photoexperience does not affect forebrain ZENK‐responsiveness to song quality. Thus, photoexperience affects activity in an area of the forebrain that processes social signals, an effect that we hypothesize mediates, in part, the effects of age on reproductive decisions in photoperiodic songbirds. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 2009