bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flexible, chemically bonded bismuth/tungsten‐based polyvinyl alcohol‐polyvinyl pyrrolidone composite for gamma and neutron shielding application
Authors: Bijanu Abhijit , Arya Rahul , Rajak Gaurav , Gowri V. Sorna , Shil Rahitashya , Banerjee Kaushik , Bhattacharyya Sarmishtha , Mukhopadhyay Supriya , Chatterjee Sujoy , Ravishankar Raman , Salammal Shabi Thankaraj , Mishra Deepti 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this paper, the gamma and neutron shielding behavior of chemically bonded high atomic number (Z), tungsten trioxide‐polyvinyl alcohol‐polyvinylpyrrolidone (PW), and bismuth oxide‐polyvinyl alcohol‐polyvinylpyrrolidone (PB) composites were reported at varying thickness. The PW and PB composites were prepared through the dissolution technique rather than the commonly used dispersion technique. The gamma and neutron attenuation characteristics of the composites were studied using 22Na (0.511 and 1.274 MeV energy) and 252Cf (0–10 MeV energy) sources, respectively. The half value layer of PW and PB composite was found to be 61.22 ± 0.914 mm and 48.29 ± 1.52 mm and the linear attenuation coefficient was found to be 0.115 and 0.144 cm−1 at 0.511 MeV, respectively. Further, the experimental gamma‐ray attenuation results were validated theoretically using Phy‐X software and found to be well in agreement with the experimental data. Both the composites also showed similar neutron shielding behavior when compared to the commercially used high‐density polyethylene (HDPE). The developed composites possess good mechanical properties as they did not show any cracks or wrinkles after undergoing 5400 bending cycles during the flex test, showing their high durability of flexibility. Thus, these composites are found to be suitable for shielding both, the gamma‐rays and neutrons.
American Association for Anatomy recommendations for the management of legacy anatomical collections
Authors: Cornwall Jon , Champney Thomas H. , de la Cova Carlina , Hall Dominic , Hildebrandt Sabine , Mussell Jason C. , Winkelmann Andreas , DeLeon Valerie B. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCollections of human remains in scientific and private institutions have a long tradition, though throughout history there has often been variable regard for the respect and dignity that these tissues demand. Recent public scandals around the use of human remains, coupled with an increasing community awareness around accountability in such instances, forces scholars to confront the ethical and moral concerns associated with these collections. This includes specific focus on the acquisition, storage, use, and disposition of these remains, which were often collected with no consent and with little knowledge, or concern, about the individual or their respective culture and practices surrounding death and postmortem treatment. As a response, the American Association for Anatomy convened a Legacy Anatomical Collections Task Force to consider these issues and to develop recommendations to assist those working with these tissues in education, research, and museum collections. This has culminated with the development of Recommendations for the Management of Legacy Anatomical Collections. The recommendations provide both an ethical foundation and practical considerations for the use, storage, and disposition of legacy collections of human tissues, and deliver guidance for establishing appropriate management and oversight, investigating provenance, and engaging with communities of care. While these Recommendations are considered a living document which will change over time as ethical principles concerning human tissue evolve, they currently represent ‘best practice’ recommendations that can guide researchers, teachers, and museum associates as they consider the future of legacy anatomical collections in their care.
Investigation of Polyacrylonitrile‐Derived Multiple Carbon Shell Composites for Silicon‐Based Anodes in Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Dold Lukas Alexander , Bapat Chinmay Rajeev , Gentischer Harald , Ortlieb Niklas , Fischer Anna , Birke Kai Peter , Biro Daniel 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe aim of manufacturing silicon‐carbon (Si/C) composites for lithium‐ion batteries is to embed silicon particles into a carbon matrix or shell, which results in improved electrical conductivities and cycling stability by avoiding the direct solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation on the silicon surfaces. In this study, we explore the production of Si/C composites containing one (single) and two (multiple) carbon shells, achieved through the carbonization of polyacrylonitrile. We thoroughly analyze the carbonization process of polyacrylonitrile and investigate the structural, physical, and electrochemical properties of the resulting Si/C composites. Our findings indicate that the increase of the carbon fraction and the second thermal treatment during the manufacturing of multiple carbon shells (MCS) have a significant impact on the conductivity of the powders, increasing it by one order of magnitude. We also discover that the MCS cover the silicon surface more effectively, as revealed through etching in a NaOH solution and subsequent elemental analysis. The MCS composite, containing 30 wt.% silicon, exhibits the best cycling performance in half‐cells at 0.5 C, with an initial capacity of 776 mAh g−1 and a capacity retention of 83.0 % after 100 cycles.
Bibliometric analysis of focal therapy in prostate cancer research
Authors: Shahait Mohammed , Ibrahim Sarah , Baqain Laith , Abdul‐Sater Zahi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe use of focal therapies for prostate cancer (PCa) has soared, as it controls disease and is associated with minimal side effects. Bibliometric analysis examines the global research landscape on any topic to identify gaps in the research and areas for improvement and prioritize future research efforts. This study aims to examine the research outputs and trends and collaboration landscape in the field of focal therapy for PCa on a global scale.MethodsWe searched Medline, PubMed and Scopus for peer‐reviewed publications on our research topic using controlled keywords. Search results were limited to the period between 1980 and 2022, screened for duplicates and then included in our study based on prespecified eligibility criteria. The Bibliometrix Package was used for comprehensive science mapping analysis of co‐authorship, co‐citation and co‐occurrence analysis of countries, institutions, authors, references and keywords in this field.ResultsThis analysis included 2578 research articles. The annual scientific production increased from one article in 1982 to 143 in 2022 (13.21%). The average citation per year was incrementally increasing, and these documents were cited around 32.52 times. The documents included in this analysis were published in 633 sources. The international collaboration index was 22.7. In total, 6280 author keywords were identified. The most used keywords were ‘prostate cancer’, ‘focal therapy’, ‘prostate’ and ‘photodynamic therapy’.ConclusionThis bibliometric analysis has provided a comprehensive review of focal therapy in PCa research, highlighting both the significant growth in the field and the existing gaps that require further exploration. The study points to the need for more diverse international collaboration and exploration of various treatment modalities within the context of focal therapy.
Identifying and verifying Huntington's disease subtypes: Clinical features, neuroimaging, and cytokine changes
Authors: Cao Ling‐Xiao , Yin Jin‐Hui , Du Gang , Yang Qing , Huang Yue 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimsHuntington's disease (HD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with heterogeneous clinical manifestations. Identifying distinct clinical clusters and their relevant biomarkers could elucidate the underlying disease pathophysiology.MethodsFollowing the Enroll‐HD program initiated in 2018.09, we have recruited 104 HD patients (including 21 premanifest) and 31 health controls at Beijing Tiantan Hospital. Principal components analysis and k‐means cluster analysis were performed to determine HD clusters. Chi‐square test, one‐way ANOVA, and covariance were used to identify features among these clusters. Furthermore, plasma cytokines levels and brain structural imaging were used as biomarkers to delineate the clinical features of each cluster.ResultsThree clusters were identified. Cluster 1 demonstrated the most severe motor and nonmotor symptoms except for chorea, the lowest whole brain volume, the plasma levels of IL‐2 were higher and significantly associated with cluster 1. Cluster 2 was characterized with the most severe chorea and the largest pallidum volume. Cluster 3 had the most benign motor symptoms but moderate psychiatric problems.ConclusionWe have identified three HD clusters via clinical manifestations with distinct biomarkers. Our data shed light on better understanding about the pathophysiology of HD.
A modular and multi‐functional purification strategy that enables a common framework for manufacturing scale integrated and continuous biomanufacturing
Authors: Pybus Leon P. , Heise Charles , Nagy Tibor , Heeran Carmen , Dover Terri , Raven John , Kori Junichi , Burton Graeme , Sakuyama Hiroshi , Hastings Benjamin , Lyons Michelle , Nakai Shinichi , Haigh Jonathan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBiopharmaceutical manufacture is transitioning from batch to integrated and continuous biomanufacturing (ICB). The common framework for most ICB, potentially enables a global biomanufacturing ecosystem utilizing modular and multi‐function manufacturing equipment. Integrating unit operation hardware and software from multiple suppliers, complex supply chains enabled by multiple customized single‐use flow paths, and large volume buffer production/storage make this ICB vision difficult to achieve with commercially available manufacturing equipment. Thus, we developed SymphonX™, a downstream processing skid with advanced buffer management capabilities, a single disposable generic flow path design that provides plug‐and‐play flexibility across all downstream unit operations and a single interface to reduce operational risk. Designed for multi‐product and multi‐process cGMP facilities, SymphonX™ can perform stand‐alone batch processing or ICB. This study utilized an Apollo™ X CHO‐DG44 mAb‐expressing cell line in a steady‐state perfusion bioreactor, harvesting product continuously with a cell retention device and connected SymphonX™ purification skids. The downstream process used the same chemistry (resins, buffer composition, membrane composition) as our historical batch processing platform, with SymphonX™ in‐line conditioning and buffer concentrates. We used surge vessels between unit operations, single‐column chromatography (protein A, cation and anion exchange) and two‐tank batch virus inactivation. After the first polishing step (cation exchange), we continuously pooled product for 6 days. These 6 day pools were processed in batch‐mode from anion exchange to bulk drug substance. This manufacturing scale proof‐of‐concept ICB produced 0.54 kg/day of drug substance with consistent product quality attributes and demonstrated successful bioburden control for unit‐operations undergoing continuous operation.
A Self‐Regulated Process from Bench to Pilot Production of Non‐Natural Heterocycles Using Halohydrin Dehalogenases
Authors: Yang Xinhang , Zhao Xin , Luo Xiao , Sun Fenshuai , Bocola Marco , Verma Neha , Hong Zhongjie , Yang Hao , Chen Haibin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHalohydrin dehalogenases (HHDHs) have demonstrated significant potential as biocatalysts for synthesizing industrial heterocyclic compounds and chiral alkanolamines from aromatic substrates with NaOCN that are not feasible through chemosynthesis. To further study the HHDH reaction in real industrial applications, a diverse panel of HHDHs has been screened for their ability to convert aliphatic cyclohexene oxide. By using the best HHDH variant in form of a whole cell biocatalyst, a novel chemical process, regulated by the cascaded chemoenzymatic reactions for pilot‐scale ring‐opening reactions, has been successfully developed. Using the best HHDH hit in whole‐cell form provides a viable bio‐catalytic approach for the synthesis of related fine chemicals. Our research provides a promising strategy for scaling up non‐native ring‐opening reactions from the laboratory to industrial applications.
Exploring the Effects Behind the Outstanding Catalytic Performance of PdAg Catalysts Supported on Almond Shell‐Derived Activated Carbon Towards the Dehydrogenation of Formic Acid
Authors: Riquelme‐García Paula , Chaparro‐Garnica Jessica , Navlani‐García Miriam , Cazorla‐Amorós Diego 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this work, highly efficient carbon‐supported Pd‐based catalysts for formic acid dehydrogenation were synthesized by a straightforward wet impregnation‐reduction method. The carbon support was obtained from a biomass residue (almond shell) prepared via H3PO4‐assisted hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) and thermal activation. This carbon support was doped with nitrogen groups to study the effect on the electronic properties and catalytic performance of the catalysts. Investigating the formation of PdAg alloys with varying Pd : Ag molar ratios resulted in catalysts exhibiting enhanced catalytic activity compared to monometallic Pd counterparts. Notably, the Pd1Ag0.5/NAS catalyst displayed outstanding catalytic performance, achieving an initial TOF of 1716 h−1 (calculated in the first 3 minutes of reaction and expressed per mole of Pd) and maintaining substantial activity over 6 consecutive reaction cycles. This work elucidates the successful synthesis of effective catalysts, emphasizing the influence of nitrogen doping and PdAg alloy composition on catalytic behavior and stability.
An evaluation of the recommendations for primary nutrition research addressing noncommunicable disease using the EPICOT+ framework: A cross‐sectional descriptive meta‐research study of Cochrane nutrition systematic reviews
Authors: Ruzive Sheena , Theunissen Helene , Durão Solange , Visser Marianne E. , Naude Celeste E. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundNoncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are a global health problem and many risk factors associated with the development of NCDs are related to nutrition.AimsThis study aimed to describe and summarize the research recommendations for primary research made in Cochrane nutrition systematic reviews (SRs) addressing NCDs, according to the evidence, population, intervention, comparison, outcome, time stamp (date of search), study design, time frame (length of follow‐up) and burden of disease (EPICOT+) framework.Materials & MethodsWe screened a database of Cochrane nutrition SRs (n = 692) in March 2021 to identify those SRs addressing the four main NCDs (cardiovascular diseases, cancer, chronic respiratory diseases, and diabetes) and their nutrition‐related risk factors (obesity, unhealthy diets). The “implications for research” sections of included SRs (and the “search methods” sections for the time stamp item) were analyzed using EPICOT+.ResultsWe included 150/692 SRs; most addressed cardiovascular diseases (38.6%), and cancer (17.3%). The EPICOT+ items with the most reported research recommendations were time stamp (98.7%), intervention (94.7%), study design (89.3%), and outcomes (86%), and the least reported were the time frame (52%), comparison (30%), and burden of disease (8%). Most SRs recommended more studies overall (98.7%), assessing specific interventions (93.3%) (e.g., specific foods/food groups and diets/dietary patterns, micronutrient/complementary supplements, nutrition education techniques, and policies/programs) and a range of clinical and patient‐related outcomes (84.7%). Recommendations related to study design and quality included the need for more randomized (72.7%), better quality (55.3%), larger (44.7%), and better reported (26%) studies with a long‐term duration of follow‐up (50.7%).DiscussionOur findings show that research recommendations reported in Cochrane nutrition SRs addressing the four major NCDs and their nutrition‐related risk factors largely followed the EPICOT+ framework. For example, items that could be improved upon were the comparison and time frame items.ConclusionThese recommendations could contribute more significantly to planning future primary studies addressing important evidence gaps and limitations in the current evidence base.
Mechanistic basis for rescuing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with myosin regulatory light chain phosphorylation
Authors: Liang Jingsheng , Kazmierczak Katarzyna , Veerasammy Melanie , Yadav Sunil , Takeuchi Lauro , Kanashiro‐Takeuchi Rosemeire , Szczesna‐Cordary Danuta 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe investigated the impact of the phosphomimetic (Ser15 → Asp15) myosin regulatory light chain (S15D‐RLC) on the Super‐Relaxed (SRX) state of myosin using previously characterized transgenic (Tg) S15D‐D166V rescue mice, comparing them to the Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM) Tg‐D166V model and wild‐type (WT) RLC mice. In the Tg‐D166V model, we observed a disruption of the SRX state, resulting in a transition from SRX to DRX (Disordered Relaxed) state, which explains the hypercontractility of D166V‐mutated myosin motors. The presence of the S15D moiety in Tg‐S15D‐D166V mice restored the SRX/DRX balance to levels comparable to Tg‐WT, thus mitigating the hypercontractile behavior associated with the HCM‐D166V mutation. Additionally, we investigated the impact of delivering the S15D‐RLC molecule to the hearts of Tg‐D166V mice via adeno‐associated virus (AAV9) and compared their condition to AAV9‐empty vector‐injected or non‐injected Tg‐D166V animals. Tg‐D166V mice injected with AAV9 S15D‐RLC exhibited a significantly higher proportion of myosin heads in the SRX state compared to those injected with AAV9 empty vector or left non‐injected. No significant effect was observed in Tg‐WT hearts treated similarly. These findings suggest that AAV9‐delivered phosphomimetic S15D‐RLC modality mitigates the abnormal Tg‐D166V phenotype without impacting the normal function of Tg‐WT hearts. Global longitudinal strain analysis supported these observations, indicating that the S15D moiety can alleviate the HCM‐D166V phenotype by restoring SRX stability and the SRX ↔ DRX equilibrium.
The role of surgery and deescalation for HPV‐related oropharyngeal cancer
Authors: Contrera Kevin J. , Patel Mihir R. , Burtness Barbara , Mehra Ranee , Ferris Robert L. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractRecently published and ongoing trials are helping to define the role of transoral robotic surgery for oropharyngeal cancer. Evidence to date supports the use of surgery as a valuable tool in the multidisciplinary deescalation of low‐risk human papillomavirus–related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.
Identification of hippocampal area CA2 in hamster and vole brain
Authors: Siegler Preston N. , Shaughnessy Emma K. , Horman Brian , Vierling Tia T. , King Darron H. , Patisaul Heather B. , Huhman Kim L. , Alexander Georgia M. , Dudek Serena M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPrairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster) and Syrian, or golden, hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) are closely related to mice (Mus musculus) and are commonly used in studies of social behavior including social interaction, social memory, and aggression. Hippocampal area CA2 is known to play a key role in these behaviors in mice and responds to social stimuli in rats, but CA2 has yet to be characterized in hamsters or voles, which are also used in studies of social behaviors. Here, we used immunofluorescence to determine whether CA2 could be molecularly identified in tissue from voles and hamsters. We found that staining for many CA2 markers was similar in these three species, with labeling seen in neurons at the distal end of the mossy fibers . In contrast, although perineuronal nets (PNNs) surround CA2 cells in mice, PNN staining differed across species. In voles, both CA2 and CA3 were labeled, whereas in hamsters, labeling was seen primarily in CA3. These results demonstrate that CA2 can be molecularly distinguished from neighboring CA1 and CA3 areas in voles and hamsters with several antibodies commonly used in mice. However, PNN staining is not useful for identifying CA2 in voles or hamsters, suggestive of differing roles for either PNNs or for the hippocampal subregions in social behavior. These findings reveal commonalities across species in the molecular profile of CA2 and should facilitate future studies of CA2 in these species.
TDLC: Tensor decomposition‐based direct learning‐compression algorithm for DNN model compression
Authors: Liu Weirong , Liu Peidong , Shi Changhong , Zhang Zhiqiang , Li Zhijun , Liu Chaorong 
Published: March 2024

SummaryAs a deep neural networks (DNNs) model compression method, learning‐compression (LC) algorithm based on pre‐trained models and matrix decomposition increases training time and ignores the structural information of models. In this manuscript, a tensor decomposition‐based direct LC (TDLC) algorithm without pre‐trained models is proposed. In TDLC, the pre‐trained model is eliminated, and tensor decomposition is first applied to LC algorithm to preserve the structural features of the model. There are two key steps in TDLC. An optimal rank selection method is first proposed in compression‐step (C‐step) of TDLC to find global optimal ranks of tensor decomposition. Second, TDLC utilizes cyclical learning rate, which is different from traditional monotonically learning rates schedule, to improve the generalization performance of uncompressed models in learning‐step (L‐step). TDLC obtains the optimal compression model by alternately optimizing L‐step and C‐step. TDLC is compared with 16 state‐of‐the‐art compression methods in experiments part. Extensive experimental results show that TDLC produces high‐accuracy compression models with high compression rate. Comparing with TDLC‐pre‐trained, TDLC notably achieves 30% training time shorten and 11% parameter reduction in Resnet32, while improving accuracy by 0.2%.
Droplet collision of hypergolic propellants
Authors: He Chengming , He ZhiXia , Zhang Peng 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn the present mini‐review, droplet impacting on a liquid pool, jet impingement, and binary droplet collision of nonreacting liquids are first summarized in terms of basic phenomena and the corresponding nondimensional parameters. Then, two representative hypergolic bipropellant systems, a hypergolic fuel of N,N,N′,N′‐tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA) and an oxidizer of white fuming nitric acid (WFNA) and a monoethanolamine‐based fuel (MEA‐NaBH4) and a high‐density hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), are discussed in detail to unveil the rich underlying physics such as liquid‐phase reaction, heat transfer, phase change, and gas‐phase reaction. This review focuses on quantifying and interpreting the parametric dependence of the gas‐phase ignition induced by droplet collision of liquid hypergolic propellants. The advances in droplet collision of hypergolic propellants are important for modeling the real hypergolic impinging‐jet (spray) combustion and for the design optimization of orbit‐maneuver rocket engines.