bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
دورُ المرونةِ للرشاقةِ التنظيميّةِ فِي تحقيقِ الاستدامةِ الاستراتيجيّةِ (دراسةٌ استطلاعيّةٌ تحليليّةٌ لآراءِ القيادَاتِ الإدارية والفنيّة فِي شركةِ فيض القسِيم
Authors: أبو طبيخ أ.م.د ليث شاكر , سلام عبد الكريم عبد الله  
Published: March 2024

يهدف هذا البحث إلى التعرف على دور المرونة في تحقيق الاستدامة الاستراتيجية في شركة فيض القسيم في محافظة النجف الأشرف، إذ استخدم الباحث متغيرين رئيسين : هما المتغير المستقل وهو المرونة, أمّا المتغير المعتمد فهو الاستدامة الاستراتيجية وأبعـادها المتمثلة بـ(التوجه البيئي, التوجه الاجتماعي, والتوجه الاقتصادي)، لتعكس تلك المتغيرات طبيعة فرضيات البحث الخاصة بالارتباط والتأثير، وقد استخدم في البحث استمارة الاستبيان كأداة رئيسة لجمع البيانات وتم توزيع (70) استمارة على عينة البحث(القيادات الإدارية والفنية) من أصل مجتمع البحث البالغ (311)، وتم استلام (66) استمارة صالحة للتحليل الإحصائي لتمثيل العينة بالكامل، واستعملت عدداً من الأدوات والأساليب الإحصائية لتحليل الجانب العملي للبحث كالوسط الحسابي والانحراف المعياري، والتحليل العاملي التوكيدي ومعامل الارتباط بيرسون ومعامل الانحدار البسيط والمتعدد وتم تحليلها من خلال البرامج الإحصائية (Smart PLS V.4.0.8.4 , SPSS V.26)، وقد توصل البحث إلى عدد من الاستنتاجات ومنها أنَّ هنـاك تقبلاً واضحاً من قِبل القيادات في شركة فيض القسيم بشــأن مدى توافر المرونة , التي تسهم في تحقيق الاستدامة الاستراتيجية في الشركة.
الرقابة على الانظمة المستقلة في العراق (دراسة مقارنة)
Authors: ا.م.د رشا شاكر حامد  , زهير عادل عودة  
Published: March 2024

وفقاً لمبدأ تدرج القواعد القانونية تخضع السلطة التنفيذية كبقية السلطات للدستور، ويكون خضوعها،إما بصورة غير مباشرة، عندما يقف القانون في مرتبة وسطى بين الدستور والانظمة، فتكون العلاقة بين الانظمة والدستور غير مباشرة، وينتج عن ذلك العيب الذي يصيب عمل الإدارة هو عيب عدم المشروعية، ويكون ذلك في الانظمة التنفيذية، وقد يكون العيب الذي يلحق بالأنظمة التنفيذية ،هو عيب عدم الدستورية عندما تخالف الدستور مباشرة، أو يكون خضوع السلطة التنفيذية للدستور بصورة مباشرة عندما تستند الانظمة إلى الدستور مباشرة ،ومن ثم يكون العيب الذي يصيب عمل الإدارة هو عيب عدم الدستورية ،وليس عيب عدم المشروعية، ويكون ذلك في الانظمة المستقلة والتفويضية والضرورة، ألاَ إنَّ خضوع الانظمة المستقلة للرقابة القضائية محل خلاف في التشريع المقارن، فتخضع الأنظمة المستقلة في فرنسا لرقابة القضاء الإداري (مجلس الدولة)، وليس للمجلس الدستوري التدخل إلاَّ لحماية المجال المحجوز للائحة المستقلة، بينما تخضع لرقابة القضاء الدستوري إذا خالفت الدستور ،وتخضع لرقابة القضاء الأدري إذا خالفت القانون في العراق، إضافة إلى دور القضاء العادي في إلغاء لوائح الضبط غير المشروعة في فرنسا، والامتناع عن تطبيقها في العراق.
التنميةُ المستدامةُ وحقوقُ الإنسان في ضوءِ القانونِ الدوليّ والتحديات المجابهة
Authors: العلواني أ.م.د خالد عواد حمادي 
Published: March 2024

منذ أن أصبح موضوع التنمية متداولاً في الخطاب العالمي والمحافل الدولية فأنَّـه جاء مقترناً بحقوق الإنسان قياساً على مدى التقارب بينهما , وذلك لإنَّ الإنسان هو الموضوع الرئيس للتنمية التي يكمن هدفها في تلبية تطلعاته لذلك صُنفت كحق من حقوقه، وعندما تم التحول لمفهوم التنمية المستدامة بقيت محورية الإنسان حاضرة كغاية لأهدافها.
ومما يقوم عليه مفهوم التنمية المستدامة هو التحول من المفهوم التقليدي للتنمية ببعدها الاقتصادي إلى التنمية الإنسانية انطلاقاً من فكرة التكامل بين حقوق الإنسان سواء المدنية والسياسية أو الاقتصادية والاجتماعية والثقافية إلى الحق في التنمية وحماية البيئة وربطها مع حقوق الأجيال القادمة بهدف استدامة تلك الحقوق.
لقد أفرد القانون الدولي اهتماماً بالغاً لمسألة حقوق الإنسان , في كثير من الصكوك الدولية التي تضمنتها , وعمل على ايجـاد آليات لتنفيذها إلّا أنَّ الواقع أظهر كثيراً من التحديات التي تجابهها , وهي ذاتها تمثل تحديات تواجه تنفيذ أهداف التنمية المستدامة , وهذا الأمر يستدعي الوقوف على أهم تلك التحديات بغية اقتراح الحلول لمجابهتها بما يكفل انقاذ حقوق الإنسان وتحقيق أهداف التنمية المستدامة معاً.
المسؤوليّةُ الدوليّةُ عن الآثــارِ الضارةِ للملوثاتِ العضويّة الثابتة
Authors: أ.م.د رنا سلام امانة  , محمد جاسم مسير  
Published: March 2024

شهدت المسؤولية الدولية عن الإضرار بالبيئة تطورات كبيرة من خلال وضع الأحكــام القانونية التي تهدف إلى ضمان تسوية المنازعات التي تنشأ عن هذه الانتهاكات ، ولا شك أنَّ المسؤولية الدولية عن الإضـرار بالبيئة بالملوثات العضوية الثابتة لها أثر هــام وحاسم في مجال حماية البيئة ، إذ أنَّ هذه الحماية لا يمكن أن تتحقق إلّا بوضع نظام قانوني للمسؤولية الدولية تحقق الإصلاح والردع في الوقت ذاته ، ومن نافلة القول إنَّ قيام المسؤولية الدولية عن الأضـرار الحاصلة من الملوثات العضوية الثابتة ما هو في حقيقته إلّا جانب علاجي عن هذه الأضرار، لا سيما وأنَّ الإجـراءات الاحتياطية والوقائية قد تفشل في حماية البيئة.
وإنَّ هذا الدور العلاجي يحقق دور وقائي من خلال إرسال إشارات تحذيريه لكل من يمارس نشاطاً مضراً بالبيئة أن يتخلى, ويترك هذا النشاط خوفاً من المسؤولية الدولية الناجمة عن الأضرار من الملوثات العضوية الثابتة .
شركاتُ التصنِيفِ الائتمانيّ وحالاتُ تعَارض المَصالح فِيها (دراسة مقارنة)
Authors: حنتوش م.د جلال حسن 
Published: March 2024

قامت بعض الدول الرائدة بوضع قوانين تعالج تعارض المصالح في هذه الشركات على الرغم من أنَّ هذه المبادرات خجولة وفي بدايتها أو بضم بعض المواد التي تعالج هذه الحالات ضمن قوانين من دون تشريع قانون موحد وخاص بتعارض المصالح ، الهدف من وراء هذا كلّه ضمان حسن الإدارة بما يؤكد على نزاهتها وشفافيتها أمام الجمهور.
ويمكن القول إنَّ تعارض المصالح هو ظرف أو حالة واقعية تنشأ في الفرض الذي يكون فيه الشخص نفسه مكلفا بمتابعة أو إتمام مصلحتين أو أكثر ، وذلك عندما تكون هذه المصالح متناقضة أو متعارضة ، ومن أجل الوصول إليها لابد أولا من بيان مفهوم تعارض المصالح في شركات التصنيف الائتماني ، ومن ثمّ بيان حالات تعارض المصالح الناشئ عن ممارسة هذا النشاط في سوق الأوراق المالية ، لذلك سنقسم هذا البحث على مطلبين: يدرس الأول مفهوم تعارض المصالح في شركات التصنيف الائتماني ، أما الثاني ، فسنتناول فيه حالات تعارض المصالح في شركات التصنيف الائتماني.
النخبة السياسية وادارة التنوع المجتمعي في العراق بعد عام 2003
Authors: الشيخ م.م سعد شهاب احمد 
Published: March 2024

إنَّ إدارة النخبة السياسية العراقية للتنوع المجتمعي بعد التغيير للنظام السياسي عام 2003 ، كانت العلاقة بينهما بأنها علاقة مكونات فئوية مع نخب سياسية، قد تقلدت مهام السلطة لا تمثل غالبية التنوع، بمعنى كل نخبة تصل للسلطة تمثل فئتها فقط، فإنَّ عملية البحث في النخب العراقية ودراستها لإدارة التنوع وان وجدت مكامن الصعوبة فيها ولكنها ليست مستحيلة فيها، فهي مهمة وطنية وعلمية بحثية من أجل جعل أداء النخب السياسية ممزوجاً بعمل أكاديمي صحيح، والسبب كل الدورات الانتخابية السابقة تمر على ادائهم السياسي أصبحت من الماضي؛ لذا نحن بحاجة دائماً الى دراستها والاهتمام بها ، من أجل مستقبل عراقي زاهر لمواطنيه كافة، ومن أجل أن تكون هنالك إدارة جيدة في العراق لابد للنخب السياسية ان تبتعد عن الصراع والتنافر الدائم، و تقبل بالآخر من خلال انهاء (صراعها السياسي) الذي استمر منذ عام 2003، والحلول بسيطة منها ما هو قبول التعايش من خلال نشر وعي سليم للمواطن ومنها ايجاد الأصلح من النخب لتبوئ الادارة التنويعة المجتمعية بعيدة عن الفئوية ومنسوبيتها؛ عندئذ تصبح الشرعية السياسية للنظام مقبولة لدى المواطن.
Accident Prevention and Traffic Safety for Sekolah Alam Robbani Bekasi - (KidSafe)
Authors: Dwiatmoko Hermanto , Isradi Muhammad , Prasetijo Joewono , Rohani Munzilah MD , Abdila Syafiadi Rizki , Rifai Andri Irfan 
Published: March 2024

In 2020, the number of traffic accidents from student age was 42,604 people. Meanwhile, there were 26,355 traffic accidents from student age until September this year. Based on gender, the majority of traffic accidents occurred in men. Traffic accidents contribute greatly as one of the causes of death in Indonesia. Traffic accidents have a high fatality rate. Data shows that in one year, 25, 2666 people died due to traffic accidents. Among the victims of traffic accidents are school children. About 95% of the causes of accidents are human error factors. The purpose of this community service is to provide an understanding of good traffic in early childhood. Understanding facilities for pedestrians and cycling lanes. The method provided is by providing material, pictures of traffic signs, and play displays related to traffic signs. Evaluation and results of activities by dividing students into several small groups and this is effective, students are able to explain traffic signs, and good traffic procedures, especially for users of pedestrian facilities and safe cyclist routes.
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Berbasis Potensi Lokal melalui Epolik
Authors: Nafilatur Rohmah  , Fuad Zainul 
Published: March 2024

Local potentional-based Creative industry is a method to improve society's prosperity. Society's bewilderment in processing natural products into creative industries is one of the reasons why people sale off their harvests that results low-price raw products. Women (in this case housewives) in Ngesong village required an education or training regarding local potential-based creative industries. This society's empowerment discussed about enhancement of society's prosperousness with a program called EPOLIK (Edukasi Pemanfaatan Potensi Lokal sebagai Industri Kreatif). It is an educational Program on the use of local potentials as creative industries. The program was formulated for housewives in Ngesong village. The empowerment in this research used PAR (Participatory Action Research) method, which was a collaboration between researchers and the Ngesong people. The collaboration included: formulating the issues/problems, Planning the actions, executing the actions and evaluating the outcomes. The results of the empowerment are: (1) the assisted participants can make processed Sapodilla ingredients into cakes and drinks called Maneela Cake and Maneela Syrup: (2) awareness within themselves, namely: (a) awareness that there is potential in their area that should be developed; (b) Awareness that the developed local potential can have economic value; (c) Delicacy in that selling goods directly with goods processed into semi-finished goods has more selling value; (d) growing creative industries starting from home
The effect of moringa oleifera leaf as an anti-inflammatory: a literature review
Authors: Dewa Wira , Winaya I Made Niko , Andayani Ni Luh Nopi 
Published: March 2024

Background: Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is one of the common injuries to the knee that often occur, causing pain when doing physical activities such as squatting, running or going up and down stairs when the knee is bent. As the joint that supports the body the most, this certainly hinders a person's activities. PFPS is caused by various risk factors ranging from intrinsic factors such as muscle strength to extrinsic factors such as type of activity. This study aimed to determine the risk factors related to PFPS as a preventive effort by doing quadriceps muscle strengthening exercises.
Methods: This study used a literature review study design using secondary data from published literature. Literature searches were conducted online through PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar, using the keywords “knee injury”, “patellofemoral pain”, “patellofemoral pain syndrome”, and “risk factors”, which selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Results: From the five studies that discussed risk factors related to PFPS, it was found that all journals showed quadriceps muscle strength, type of daily activity, Q-angle, joint laxity, hip tightness, patellar imbalance, overuse, and patellofemoral joint overpressure were associated with PFPS.
Conclusion: Based on the literature that has been reviewed and the discussion, the dominant risk factor associated with PFPS was a decrease in hip muscle strength, especially quadriceps. Besides, several other contributing factors include the type of daily activity, Q-angle, joint laxity, hip tightness, patellar imbalance, overuse, and patellofemoral joint overpressure.
Risk factors of the patellofemoral pain syndrome
Authors: Widhiantari Ni Ketut Evitri , Widnyana M. , Jawi I Made 
Published: March 2024

Background: Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is one of the common injuries to the knee that often occur, causing pain when doing physical activities such as squatting, running or going up and down stairs when the knee is bent. As the joint that supports the body the most, this certainly hinders a person's activities. PFPS is caused by various risk factors ranging from intrinsic factors such as muscle strength to extrinsic factors such as type of activity. This study aimed to determine the risk factors related to PFPS as a preventive effort by doing quadriceps muscle strengthening exercises.
Methods: This study used a literature review study design using secondary data from published literature. Literature searches were conducted online through PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar, using the keywords “knee injury”, “patellofemoral pain”, “patellofemoral pain syndrome”, and “risk factors”, which selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Results: From the five studies that discussed risk factors related to PFPS, it was found that all journals showed quadriceps muscle strength, type of daily activity, Q-angle, joint laxity, hip tightness, patellar imbalance, overuse, and patellofemoral joint overpressure were associated with PFPS.
Conclusion: Based on the literature that has been reviewed and the discussion, the dominant risk factor associated with PFPS was a decrease in hip muscle strength, especially quadriceps. Besides, several other contributing factors include the type of daily activity, Q-angle, joint laxity, hip tightness, patellar imbalance, overuse, and patellofemoral joint overpressure.
Relationship between body mass indexand lumbar lordosis curve
Authors: Wati Ketut Ayu Padma , Kinandana Gede Parta , Adhitya I Putu Gde Surya 
Published: March 2024

Background: Body mass index (BMI) is an indicator of health that is often used with the ratio between body weight and height. Health problems related to BMI vary widely, including bone problems such as lordosis. Lordosis is a disorder that causes an abnormally enlarged curvature of the vertebrae or spine. This study aimedto review the correlation between BMI and lumbar lordosis curve.
Methods: This study used a literature review design.The articles that discusses the correlation of BMI and increase in the lumbar lordosis curve based on secondary data from published literature on Google Scholar and PubMed using the keywords body mass index, lumbar curve, and lordotic lumbar.
Results: From 5 studies discussing the relationship between BMI and lumbar lordosis, it was found that all journals showed that there was a relationship between Body Mass Index and lumbar lordosis.
Conclusion: Based on some of the literature that has been discussed, it could be concluded that the BMI correlated with the lumbar lordosis curve.
Hypertension and falls in the elderly: a literature review
Authors: Yasa Kadek Andre , Negara Anak Agung Gede Angga Puspa , Kamayoga I Dewa Gede Alit 
Published: March 2024

Background: Falling is a condition when a part of the body comes into contact with the ground or floor. The incidence of falls in the elderly is approximately 30-50%.. Hypertension is an intrinsic factor in the occurrence of falls because it affects the body's awareness and balance. Therefore, the authors reviewed the articles to find out the relationship between hypertension and the incidence of falls in the elderly. This study aimed to determine the relationship between hypertension and the incidence of falls in the elderly.
Methods: This study used a literature review design to discuss the hypertension and falls in the elderly. Journals were obtained by accessing the Google Scholar and PubMed databases using the keywords elderly, hypertension, falls. Search for journals based on inclusion criteria which includes: year of publication of the article in the last 10 years, journal articles in the open access category and full text articles. Exclusion criteria include: if there are articles that are the same, then other articles will be executed, abstracts, theses, and theses.
Results: Based on the four reviewed journals, it was found that history of hypertension affects the incidence of falls in the elderly. The highest incidence of falls is experienced by the elderly in the old or old category, namely aged 75-90 years and the most dominant is experienced by the elderly who are female.
Conclusion: There was a possible relationship between hypertension and the incidence of falls in the elderly. Further study may find the correlation and risk factors of the hypertension to the falls incidence among elderly.
Teaching reading comprehension on narrative text by using short story: A case on teaching method
Authors: Sinamo David Suranta , Herman Herman , Marpaung Tiarma Intan 
Published: March 2024

The main goal of this research is to know the effect of short story as a media to the students’ ability in reading comprehension. Short story can help the students at Grade Eight in SMP Negeri 9 Pematangsiantar to improve their ability in Reading Comprehension because the students had low motivation in reading. This research applied quantitative method. The population of this research at grade eight of SMP Negeri 9 Pematangsiantar. The subject of this research is VIII-1 as experimental class consist of 30 students. and VIII-2 as the control class consist of 30 students. To analyze data, researcher used SPSS version 24, by conducting descriptive analysis, normality test, Wilcoxon test, Homogeneity test and Mann Whitney test. The results of data analysis using Mann Whitney test it is found that the Assymp value. Sig (2-tailed) on the Mann Whitney test is 0.000 < 0.05 Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected. According to the aforementiond data, it can be concluded that using short story as a media, has a more significant impact than the class that do not use short story to the students’ ability in reading comprehension on recount text at grade eight in SMP Negeri 9 Pematang Siantar. The result is the mean score of post-tests in experimental class is 88,50 and, in the control, class the score of post-test is 45,00. Based on the finding of this research, the researcher concludes that the alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted and null hypothesis (H0) is rejected.
Reinforce the surface properties of domestic garbage activated carbon by low temperature plasma accustomed in energy storage applications
Authors: K.A Vijayalakshmi , K C Sowmiya 
Published: March 2024

Since activated carbon is a highly porous material with a sizable internal surface area, it is simple to adsorb a wide range of substances when used in energy storage devices, sewage treatment, water purification, catalyst, food processing and other applications. This work focuses on the viability of using mixed fruit peels as a precursor for the carbonization process with physical activation to produce activated carbon. The Phase confirmation was examined using X-ray diffraction (XRD). Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) concludes the functional groups present in mixed fruit peels activated carbon. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) was used to analyze the morphological makeup and textural traits of the activated carbon that was produced. Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis (EDX) shows the elemental composition of nano powdered carbon. Raman spectroscopy confirms the presence of graphene that appears at 1580cm-1. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) and Nyquist plot in order to evaluate the conductivity performance over the frequency range of 1mHz to 10 kHz, measurements were used.
Carbon yield analysis were conducted and analyzed. Wettability of the mixed fruit peels were examined using contact angle. The Mixed Fruit peels activated carbon were subjected to low temperature plasma to increase its surface properties, The outcomes were evaluated, and the charge transfer resistance and the polarization resistance for air plasma treatment is 1.43 and 0.2 ohms. Hydrophilic nature is occurred when treated with air plasma. According to these findings, air plasma treatment of mixed fruit peel activated carbon improves its surface characteristics, making it suitable for electrode in energy storage applications.
Tuning low frequency dielectric properties of flexible ternary polymer blend film reinforced with bio- ionic liquid for the application in green electronics
Authors: Bhavsar Vaishali , Tripathi Deepti 
Published: March 2024

Biofriendly conducting polymeric blends and composites exhibiting high dielectric constant and dielectric loss are promising for applications as sensors, actuators, microwave absorbing materials, fuel cells and biomedical applications. A great deal of work is reported on using fillers such as conductive nanomaterials, bio ceramics, carbon nanotubes, graphene etc in blends of Polyvinylchloride, Polyvinylpyrrolidone, Polymethylmethacrylate, Polyvinyl alcohol with conducting polymer Polypyrrole, Polyaniline for enhancing their conductivities, tailoring dielectric and electrical, thermal and surface properties of such polymeric materials. However, appropriate dispersion of such fillers in polymeric matrices remains technically challenging. In this regard, bio-ionic liquids have emerged as a novel class of materials and their combination with specific polymer blends opens the possibility to develop smart novel materials with different morphologies. Present work aims to explore the low frequency dielectric properties exhibited by free standing, flexible, biofriendly/biodegradable ternary polymer blend film of Polyvinylchloride-Polyvinylpyrrolidone-Polypyrrole reinforced with choline acetate. The detailed analysis of low frequency dielectric properties authenticates that addition of choline acetate result in modifying the dielectric properties of ternary polymer blend film.. The harmlessness of these films was confirmed from disk diffusion test indicating their benign nature towards (Escherichia coli) (CFT073) and (Bacillus subtilis). Therefore, the developed films can potentially be used for various scale multifunctional dielectric and electrical applications working in close contact with living matter, green electronics and various health monitoring systems.
Comparative analysis of geothermal binary ORC systems: performance and environmental considerations for CO2 andwater as geofluids
Authors: Izuwa Nkemakolam Chinedu , Ekwueme Stanley Toochukwu , Okereke Ndubuisi Uchechukwu , Nwanwe Onyebuchi Ivan , Ohia Nnaemeka Princewill 
Published: March 2024

This study considers the process simulation of geothermal binary Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) systems which utilizes CO2 and water as geofluids for electricity generation. The simulation was performed using Hysys v11 software by using Peng Robinson’s fluid property package. Two dry working fluids including isopentane and n-pentane, were used. The effects of geofluid temperature and working fluid mass flowrate on power generation, as well as the maximum pressure of working fluids were evaluated. The result showed that power generation increases with higher geofluid temperature due to enhanced heat transfer. Isopentane outperformed n-pentane, attributed to its superior thermodynamic properties. CO2 showed better performance as geofluid than water highlighting its superiority, observed in the increased power generation. The unique characteristics of CO2 enable efficient heat transfer at lower temperatures, making it an environmentally friendly and effective choice. Contrarily, the use of water as a geofluid poses some implications for local ecosystems and water resources. From an environmental perspective, CO2 shows greater potential for reduced environmental impact, which aligns with the transition to cleaner energy sources. However, the economic considerations suggest a trade-off, as CO2 projects may entail higher upfront costs compared to water-based systems. Regulatory factors and economic feasibility, therefore, play a crucial role in the choice of geofluid for geothermal power generation.