bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unlocking Patient Voices: Advancing Physical Therapist Practice With Discrete Choice Experiments
Authors: Rauseo Carla , Cheng Mingshun Samuel 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
As health care moves away from volume-based to value-based delivery, the role of the patient in determining value in health care is now paramount. Thus, health care should be aligned with what matters most to patients. Ascertaining patient preferences is therefore critical if we are to provide patients with care that is meaningful to them. However, preferences are difficult to measure and traditional methods of preference measurement in physical therapy face challenges when attempting to measure such. This perspective makes a case for greater use of the discrete choice experiment (DCE) in physical therapy as a research method to measure patient preferences. The DCE is a research method used to elicit preferences for services or goods. This article addresses the importance of eliciting patient preferences as part of person-centered care in the value-based space, the challenges faced in preference measurement in physical therapy, and how the DCE can alleviate some of those challenges. It also provides examples of the DCE in health care and suggests ways in which it can be effectively used in physical therapist practice to improve the delivery of meaningful rehabilitation services to patients. Implementing greater use of the DCE in physical therapy can improve person-centered physical therapist service delivery and inform policy development that creates cost-effective care which is meaningful to patients. It can further help to highlight the value of physical therapy to population health, and to policy makers as health care moves toward more value-based models.
Nonlinear neutral modes in zero-mass-flux Plane poiseuille-couette flow
Authors: Walton A G , Barnes C C 
Published: April 2024

SummaryPlane Poiseuille–Couette flow with zero mean advection velocity, a flow well known to be linearly stable, is analysed at asymptotically large Reynolds number R. A nonlinear neutral mode structure is uncovered which is self-sustained due to the interaction of the viscous wall layers with a predominantly inviscid nonlinear internal critical layer. The O(1) phase speed and wavenumber of the disturbance are computed as functions of the O(R−1/3) wave amplitude, with the formula for the amplitude determined analytically. Two distinct coherent structures are found: one involving a single critical layer and a second with two critical layers. The single critical layer case has a long wavelength/small amplitude limit for which an analytical solution exists, while the dual critical layer structure possesses two solution branches and exists above a threshold amplitude. Both states distort the mean flow by an O(R−1/6) amount, and in the long wavelength limit the distortion becomes comparable in size with the original basic flow. The relevance of this work to the experimental observation of self-sustained states in this flow is discussed.
British Society for Rheumatology guideline on management of adult and juvenile onset Sjögren disease
Authors: Price Elizabeth J , Benjamin Stuart , Bombardieri Michele , Bowman Simon , Carty Sara , Ciurtin Coziana , Crampton Bridget , Dawson Annabel , Fisher Benjamin A , Giles Ian , Glennon Peter , Gupta Monica , Hackett Katie L , Larkin Genevieve , Ng Wan-Fai , Ramanan Athimalaipet V , Rassam Saad , Rauz Saaeha , Smith Guy , Sutcliffe Nurhan , Tappuni Anwar , Walsh Stephen B 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Sjögren disease (SD) is a chronic, autoimmune disease of unknown aetiology with significant impact on quality of life. Although dryness (sicca) of the eyes and mouth are the classically described features, dryness of other mucosal surfaces and systemic manifestations are common. The key management aim should be to empower the individual to manage their condition—conserving, replacing and stimulating secretions; and preventing damage and suppressing systemic disease activity. This guideline builds on and widens the recommendations developed for the first guideline published in 2017. We have included advice on the management of children and adolescents where appropriate to provide a comprehensive guideline for UK-based rheumatology teams.
Extended Use of Proximal Humeral Locking Plates in Pediatric Femur Fractures and Osteotomies
Authors: Singh Sanjeev Kumar , Agrawal Tushar , Jain Deepak , Velankar Ameya 
Published: April 2024

Objective:
To assess the extended use of proximal humeral locking plates in paediatric femur fractures and osteotomies.

Background:
Pediatric fractures and deformity correction pose unique challenges in orthopedic surgery. The utilization of the proximal humerus locking plates (PHLPs) in the pediatric population remains a relatively unexplored area. This manuscript presents a case-based analysis of the extended use of PHLP in pediatric femur fractures and osteotomies. Four distinct cases involving the use of PHLP are discussed, demonstrating its versatility and efficacy in addressing a variety of orthopedic conditions in the pediatric age group.

Methods:
We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 4 pediatric patients who underwent surgical interventions utilizing PHLP at our institution. Case 1 involved a 9-year-old girl with a neglected neck of femur fracture, managed with in situ screw fixation and valgus osteotomy and stabilization using a PHLP. Case 2 featured a 10-year-old boy with a distal femur fracture, managed with a PHLP. Case 3 highlighted a 12-year-old girl with genu valgum, who underwent medial closing wedge osteotomy stabilized with a PHLP. Lastly, case 4 presented an 11-year-old boy with a subtrochanteric femur fracture, also managed using a PHLP. Surgical techniques, postoperative care, and outcomes were analyzed.

Results:
All 4 cases maintained satisfactory stability and alignment at final follow-up. All of them returned to preinjury status within 6 months.

Conclusion:
The extended use of proximal humeral locking plates in pediatric femur fractures and osteotomies presents a viable option for orthopedic surgeons. These cases illustrate the versatility and positive outcomes associated with PHLP in the pediatric population.
Ischiorectal Fossa Tumors: Thirty-Year Single Institution Experience
Authors: Peponis Thomas , Perry William R.G. , Kelley Scott R. 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
Primary tumors of the ischiorectal fossa are rare and comprise a wide array of pathologies with varying malignant potential. Due to the low prevalence, there is a paucity of data in the literature. This paper presents a case-series on the management of ischiorectal fossa tumors.

OBJECTIVE:
To present a 30-year experience managing ischiorectal fossa tumors.

DESIGN:
Retrospective single center analysis.

SETTINGS:
A quaternary referral academic healthcare center.

PATIENTS:
All patients treated for ischiorectal fossa tumors.

INTERVENTIONS:
All patients underwent surgical management of their disease.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
Disease recurrence and overall survival.

RESULTS:
A total of 34 patients (53% female) were identified with a median follow-up of 23 months. Twenty-one patients (62%) were diagnosed with benign and 13 (38%) with malignant tumors. All underwent surgical resection. Median tumor size was 8.4 cm. R0 resection was obtained in 28 patients. Twelve (35%) developed recurrence (nine following R0 resection) with a median time of 6.5 months. There were no surgical related mortalities.

LIMITATIONS:
Limitations to the study include its retrospective nature, single center experience, and small patient sample size.

CONCLUSIONS:
Ischiorectal fossa tumors are primarily benign, however they are associated with high recurrence rates even in the setting of an R0 resection. Treatment should be approached in a multidisciplinary fashion and preferably in centers with experience treating these tumors. Close post treatment surveillance is imperative. See Video Abstract.
Digital working process in diagnosis, treatment planning and fabrication of personalized orthodontic appliances
Authors: Zhang Mengyuan , Ning Nan , Hong Yaya , Zhou Mengqi , Gong Xinyi , Zeng Li , Wu Yongjia , Ye Hengni , Kang Ting , Chen Xuepeng 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT
Until recently, the working process of personalized orthodontic appliances (POAs) is performed digitally with the use of virtual systems including diagnosis, treatment planning and remote monitoring. Based on the exponential development of digital technologies such as imaging systems, computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) systems, three-dimensional (3D) printing and artificial intelligence (AI), orthodontists want to go further and create an almost automatic intelligent orthodontic procedure containing big data to assist orthodontists in clinical treatment and reduce therapy duration. Here, we review the latest studies illustrating the application of digital technologies during treatment and manufacturing process of POAs. In addition, we highlight the current challenges and future directions of digital technology in POAs to call for more attention to the (I) AI applications for image analysis and treatment designation, and (II) 3D printing technologies for precise fabrication of POAs like clear aligner, accessories of fixed orthodontic appliances.
Application and prospect of mixed reality technology in orthopedics
Authors: Yang Jiaming , Zhang Jiayao , Zeng Cheng , Fang Ying , Xue Mingdi , Wang Honglin , Zhou Hong , Xie Yi , Liu Pengran , Ye Zhewei 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT
In recent years, mixed reality (MR) technology has emerged as a new digital visualization tool and has been increasingly used in orthopedics. In comparison to traditional methods, MR provides a deeper integration of virtual information with the real world, offering users an intuitive display of anatomical details and facilitating the transition from two-dimensional to three-dimensional imaging data. With these significant features, MR has the potential to play a vital role in orthopedics. This article outlines the unique characteristics of MR and explores its technical advantages in doctor-patient communication, medical education, and surgical navigation within the field of orthopedics. This paper aims to inspire greater use of MR technology in the era of intelligent medicine.
A review of the text-to-speech synthesizer for human robot interaction for patients with Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Yu Junxiao , Yao Yihao , Feng Rui , Liang Tao , Wang Wei , Li Jianqing 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT
With the rapid growth of eldering process worldwide, the number of people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has also been largely increased. To ease the problem that not all the patients get diagnosed and treated properly in time, intelligent robot that additionally equipped with cognitive rehabilitation functions are widely researched and gradually applied to either clinics or families. Speech interaction acts as an indispensable part in human robot interaction (HRI) process, speech quality used during which directly affects the HRI efficiency and users' experience. Studies indicate that high-fidelity speeches that can be clearly and naturally expressed are more likely to be received and understood by MCI patients. Also, using voices that are either familiar or appeared to patients, along with positive expression, largely improves emotional accompany and mental consolation for them, which enhance the cognitive rehabilitation process. The real-time voice synthesizer provides sufficient technical support for the development of cognitive robots, which show significance for families, societies, and clinics. This article reviews the research status of the development of text-to-speech (TTS) synthesizers, including the state-of-arts expressive TTS and voice cloning models. In addition, this paper pays attention to the current challenges and prospects of cognitive rehabilitation robots.
Dorsal brain activity reflects the severity of menopausal symptoms
Authors: Nakamura Kohei , Hoshi Hideyuki , Kobayashi Momoko , Fukasawa Keisuke , Ichikawa Sayuri , Shigihara Yoshihito 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objective
The severity of menopausal symptoms, despite being triggered by hormonal imbalance, does not directly correspond to hormone levels in the blood; thus, the level of unpleasantness is assessed using subjective questionnaires in clinical practice. To provide better treatments, alternative objective assessments have been anticipated to support medical interviews and subjective assessments. This study aimed to develop a new objective measurement for assessing unpleasantness.

Methods
Fourteen participants with menopausal symptoms and two age-matched participants who visited our outpatient section were enrolled. Resting-state brain activity was measured using magnetoencephalography. The level of unpleasantness of menopausal symptoms was measured using the Kupperman Kohnenki Shogai Index. The blood level of follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone were also measured. Correlation analyses were performed between the oscillatory power of brain activity, index score, and hormone levels.

Results
The level of unpleasantness of menopausal symptoms was positively correlated with high-frequency oscillatory powers in the parietal and bordering cortices (alpha; P = 0.016, beta; P = 0.015, low gamma; P = 0.010). The follicle-stimulating hormone blood level was correlated with high-frequency oscillatory powers in the dorsal part of the cortex (beta; P = 0.008, beta; P = 0.005, low gamma; P = 0.017), whereas luteinizing hormone blood level was not correlated.

Conclusion
Resting-state brain activity can serve as an objective measurement of unpleasantness associated with menopausal symptoms, which aids the selection of appropriate treatment and monitors its outcome.
Barriers and Potential Solutions to Glaucoma Screening in the Developing World: A Review
Authors: Meethal Najiya Sundus K. , Sisodia Vishwendra Pratap Singh , George Ronnie , Khanna Rohit C. 
Published: April 2024

Purpose:
Glaucoma is a leading public health concern globally and its detection and management are way more complex and challenging in the developing world. This review article discusses barriers to glaucoma screening in developing countries from the perspective of different key stakeholders and proposes solutions.

Methods/Results:
A literature search was carried out in the electronic catalogs of PubMed, Medline, and Cochrane database of systematic reviews to find studies that focused on barriers and enablers to glaucoma screening. The authors’ interpretations were tabulated as descriptive and qualitative data and presented concisely from the point of view of key stakeholders such as the patients and their relatives, care providers, and system/governing bodies. Key barriers to glaucoma care identified are lack of awareness, poor accessibility to ophthalmic centers, inadequately trained human resources, unsatisfactory infrastructure, and nonavailability of financially viable screening programs. Educating care providers, as well as the public, providing care closer to where people live, and developing cost-effective screening strategies are needed to ensure proper identification of glaucoma patients in developing countries.

Conclusions:
The logistics of glaucoma detection and management are complex. Hence, glaucoma detection programs should be implemented only when facilities for glaucoma management are in place. Understanding the importance of glaucoma screening and its future implications, addressing the various roadblocks, empowering and efficiently implementing the existing strategies, and incorporating novel ones using Artificial Intelligence (AI) and deep learning (DL) will help in establishing a robust glaucoma screening program in developing countries.
Effect of Compression Dressing After Upper Eyelid Blepharoplasty on Edema, Ecchymosis, Pain, and Ocular Surface Irritation
Authors: Schuh Anna , Reischmann Lilian , Hintschich Christoph R. 
Published: April 2024

Purpose:
To investigate the effect of a compression dressing (CD) on edema, ecchymosis, aesthetic outcome, pain, and ocular surface irritation after upper eyelid blepharoplasty.

Methods:
We conducted a case–control study. Bilateral blepharoplasty was performed on both upper eyelids at the same time in patients with dermatochalasis. One side was randomized for CD. Edema and ecchymosis were scored at a 4-point rating scale by a blinded observer 1 day (D1), 1 week (D7), and 8 weeks (D56) after surgery; the same for scar formation regarding redness and bulging at D7 and D56. Aesthetic outcome was evaluated by the patient and blinded observer using the global aesthetic improvement score at D1, D7, and D56. Postoperative pain was scored by the patients using a visual analogue scale (0 to 10) at D1. At D1 patients had to state which side they felt more comfortable.

Results:
Edema, scar formation and aesthetic outcome evaluated by the patient and blinded observer did not differ between the 2 sides on any of the survey days (p > 0.05). The median degree of ecchymosis was slightly higher on the lids without CD at D1 (1 [0–2] vs. 1.5 [0–2]; p = 0.495) and D7 (0 [0–2] vs. 0.5 [0–2]; p = 0.183), but not statistically significant. Postoperative pain was similar regardless to the use of CD (p = 0.925). The majority (55%) found the side without CD more comfortable. There was no case of corneal erosion and corneal staining was similar in both groups (p > 0.05).

Conclusions:
Using a CD after blepharoplasty shows no advantages regarding postoperative edema, ecchymosis, scar formation, or aesthetic results in the early postoperative period. As most patients preferred the noncovered side, CD can be omitted after blepharoplasty without inferiority for the postoperative results.

Clinical trial registry:
NCT06111170.
Medial Canthal Tendon Reflecting in Lower Eyelid Reconstruction After Palpebral Cancer Surgery: Description of a New Technique
Authors: Arnaiz-Camacho Albert , Alonso Tirso , Oliveres Joan , Pablos-Jiménez Tatiana , García-Hidalgo Sara , Pairó-Salvador Armand , Zapata Miguel-Ángel 
Published: April 2024

Purpose:
The aim of this article is to describe a new reconstructive technique of the lower eyelid in the surgery of tumors involving the medial canthal tendon.

Methods:
Our new technique consists of detaching and reflecting the most medial portion of the anterior medial canthal tendon and reinserting it into the posterior lamella. We describe the cases in which our technique can be useful, as well as the results we have obtained.

Results:
The result after a year of follow-up showed no disruption of the angulation of the lower eyelid line and no changes in eyelid position.

Conclusions:
The medial canthal tendon reflection could provide both aesthetic and functional results that may be superior to the usual techniques.
Influencing Physical Therapist's Self-efficacy for Musculoskeletal Ultrasound Through Blended Learning: A Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Umlauf Jon A. , Cervero Ronald , Teng Yating , Battista Alexis 
Published: April 2024

Background and Purpose.
With the growing interest for physical therapists to incorporate musculoskeletal (MSK) ultrasound comes a need to understand how to organize training to promote the transfer of training to clinical practice. A common training strategy blends asynchronous learning through online modules and virtual simulations with synchronous practice on live simulated participants. However, few physical therapists who attend MSK ultrasound continuing education courses integrate ultrasound into clinical practice. Self-efficacy is a significant predictor of training transfer effectiveness. This study describes to what degree and how a blended learning strategy influenced participants' self-efficacy for MSK ultrasound and transfer of training to clinical practice.

Subjects.
Twenty-one outpatient physical therapists with no previous MSK ultrasound training.

Methods.
Twenty-one participants assessed their self-efficacy using a 26-item self-efficacy questionnaire at 3 intervals: before asynchronous, before synchronous training, and before returning to clinical practice. Participants were interviewed within 1 week of training using a semi-structured interview guide. Quantitative analysis included descriptive statistics and repeated-measures ANOVA. Thematic analysis was used to examine participants' experiences, and “following the thread” was used to integrate findings.

Results.
Self-efficacy questionnaire mean scores increased significantly across the 3- time points (F [2, 40] = 172.7, P < .001, η2 = 0.896). Thematic analysis indicated that asynchronous activities scaffolded participants' knowledge, enhanced their self-efficacy, and prepared them for synchronous learning; however, it did not replicate the challenges of MSK ultrasound. Synchronous activities further improved self-efficacy and helped participants better calibrate their self-judgments of their abilities and readiness to integrate MSK ultrasound training into clinical practice. Despite individual-level improvements in self-efficacy, interviewees recognized their limitations and a need for longitudinal training in a clinical environment.

Discussion and Conclusion.
A blended learning approach positively affects participants' self-efficacy for MSK ultrasound; however, future training designs should provide learners with additional support during the transition phase.
Do We Make a Difference? The Effect of a Doctor of Physical Therapy Program Curriculum on Student Cultural Competence
Authors: Chesser Brianna T. , Bloomquist Candace D. , Ford Debra J. 
Published: April 2024

Introduction.
Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) education programs have been charged with developing a culturally competent health care workforce to better meet the needs of diverse communities and reduce health inequities. The purpose of this longitudinal, quasi-experimental educational intervention study was to examine the effects of an integrated DPT program curriculum on student cultural competence at a public, midsize, midwestern university.

Review of Literature.
There is an abundance of research on conceptual models and frameworks for the development of cultural competence within health care education with many studies relying on self-perception to measure outcomes. Using the Model of Interculturalization as a theoretical framework, this study explored the development of cultural competence among DPT students using the Intercultural Development Inventory (IDI).

Subjects.
A purposeful convenience sample of DPT students (n = 177) was used.

Methods.
The IDI was administered to 3 student cohorts. One cohort had data at 4 different time points, including upon entry into the program (baseline) and at the end of the first, second, and third year. Two cohorts had data for 2 time points. IDI Developmental Orientation (DO) and Orientation Gap (OG) scores were used to measure cultural competence and accuracy of self-perception of cultural competence. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, independent and dependent sample t-tests, and analysis of variances.

Results.
There were no differences between the cohorts. There were statistically significant improvements in both cultural competence (DO scores) and accuracy of self-perception of cultural competence (OG scores) for 2 cohorts. However, significant change only occurred during year 1. No other differences across time for any of the cohorts were significant.

Discussion and Conclusion.
Findings can be leveraged and incorporated into recommendations for curricular revision and program reform targeting cultural competence development among DPT students.