bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
National survey of owner-directed aggression in English Springer Spaniels
Authors: Reisner Ilana R. , Houpt Katherine A. , Shofer Frances S. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine prevalence of ownerdirected aggression and identify associated environmental and genetic factors in English Springer Spaniels.Design—Prevalence survey.Animals—1,053 adult English Springer Spaniels.Procedure—A mail survey was sent to 2,400 randomly selected owners of adult American Kennel Club-registered English Springer Spaniels. Dogs with a history of aggression to family members and familiar humans were compared with dogs without such a history.Results—1,053 questionnaires (56.1% of the 1,877 delivered) were completed. A history of owner-directed growling or more intense aggression was reported in 510 (48.4%) dogs. Two hundred seventy-seven (26.3%) dogs had bitten a human in the past; 65.2% of bites were directed at familiar (owner or nonowner) adults and children. Variables associated with owner-directed aggression included sex of dog (male), neuter status (neutered, regardless of sex), show or bench lines, age > 4 years, aggression to unfamiliar adults and children, acquisition from a hobby breeder, less responsiveness to obedience cues, and a specific kennel and 1 popular sire from that kennel in a 4- generation pedigree.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Owner-directed aggression in adult English Springer Spaniels was associated with a number of environmental, sex-related, and inherited factors. To reduce the risk of aggression, prospective owners might seek a female, hunting-type English Springer Spaniel from an experienced breeder. However, because risk factors are broad and varied, there are limitations to the extent to which behavior can be predicted and further study is needed of the inheritance of aggression in this breed. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;227:1594–1603)
Effects of treatment with omeprazole or ranitidine on gastric squamous ulceration in racing Thoroughbreds
Authors: Lester Guy D. , Smith Rachael L. , Robertson Ian D. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To compare the effects of oral administration of omeprazole and ranitidine on gastric squamous ulceration in Thoroughbreds in race training.Design—Modified crossover study.Animals—60 Thoroughbreds in race training with gastric squamous mucosal ulceration.Procedure—Horses were randomly allocated into 3 groups. Group 1 received no treatment for 28 days followed by administration of omeprazole (4 mg/kg [1.8 mg/lb], PO, once daily) for 28 days; group 2 received omeprazole (4 mg/kg, PO, once daily) for 28 days followed by no treatment for 28 days; and group 3 received ranitidine (6.6 mg/kg [3.0 mg/lb], PO, q 8 h) for 28 days followed by administration of omeprazole (4 mg/kg, PO, once daily) for 28 days. Ulceration was assessed endoscopically at days 0, 28, 42, and 56. Lesions were scored from 0 (no ulceration) to 3 (severe ulceration).Results—After the initial 28 days of treatment, the decrease in ulcer severity was significantly greater after omeprazole treatment than after ranitidine treatment. Ulcer severity decreased significantly in group 3 horses after 14 days of treatment with omeprazole. Discontinuation of omeprazole resulted in worsening of ulcer scores; however, ulcer scores at completion of the study were less than at day 0. Horses that received omeprazole after 28 days of ranitidine treatment had a further reduction in ulcer severity.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Omeprazole was more effective than ranitidine in healing gastric squamous ulcers in Thoroughbreds in race training. Improvement was detected by 14 days and persisted in most of the group 2 horses for at least 28 days after omeprazole treatment was discontinued. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;227:1636–1639)
Musculoskeletal problems associated with lameness and poor performance among horses used for barrel racing: 118 cases (2000–2003)
Authors: Dabareiner Robin M. , Cohen Noah D. , Carter G. Kent , Nunn Sandra , Moyer William 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To identify types of musculoskeletal problems associated with lameness or poor performance in horses used for barrel racing.Design—Retrospective case series.Animals—118 horses.Procedure—Medical records were reviewed for information on signalment, history, physical and lameness examination findings, diagnostic tests performed, diagnosis, and treatment.Results—Most horses were examined because of lameness (n = 72 [61%]) rather than poor performance (46 [39%]), but owner complaint was not significantly associated with age or body weight of the horse. The most common performance change was refusal or failure to turn properly around the first barrel (19/46 [41%]). The right forelimb (n = 57 [48%]) was most commonly affected, followed by the left forelimb (51 [43%]), the left hind limb (31 [26%]), and the right hind limb (25 [21%]). In 31 horses (26%), both forelimbs were affected, and in 6 (5%), both hind limbs were affected. The most common musculoskeletal problems were forelimb foot pain only (n = 39 [33%]), osteoarthritis of the distal tarsal joints (17 [14%]), suspensory ligament desmitis (15 [13%]), forelimb foot pain with distal tarsal joint osteoarthritis (11 [9%]), and bruised feet (10 [8.5%]). In 81 (69%) horses, the affected joint was treated with intra-articular medications.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest that in horses used for barrel racing that are examined because of lameness or poor performance, the forelimbs are more likely to be affected than the hind limbs, with forelimb foot pain and osteoarthritis of the distal tarsal joints being the most common underlying abnormalities. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005; 227:1646–1650)
Comparison between meloxicam and transdermally administered fentanyl for treatment of postoperative pain in dogs undergoing osteotomy of the tibia and fibula and placement of a uniplanar external distraction device
Authors: Lafuente M. Pilar , Franch Jordi , Durall Ignacio , Díaz-Bertrana M. Carmen , Márquez Rosa M. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To compare the efficacy of meloxicam administered perioperatively with transdermal administration of fentanyl via a patch placed preoperatively in dogs undergoing orthopedic surgery.Design—Prospective study.Animals—16 dogs.Procedure—Unilateral or bilateral osteotomy of the tibia and fibula was surgically performed, and a uniplanar external distraction device was placed in each limb. Postoperative pain and lameness were assessed 24, 48, and 72 hours after administration of the first of 3 doses of meloxicam (0.2 mg/kg [0.09 mg/lb], IV, given preoperatively, followed by 0.1 mg/kg [0.045 mg/lb], IV, after 24 hours, and 0.1 mg/kg, PO, after 48 hours) or preoperative placement of a transdermal fentanyl patch (50 μg/h) left in place for 72 hours.Results—No significant differences in total pain scores were detected between groups. Mean ± SD lameness scores assessed at 24 and 72 hours were lower in dogs in the meloxicam group than dogs in the fentanyl group. Lameness scores decreased with time in a similar manner in both treatment groups.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Perioperative administration of meloxicam or preoperative placement of a transdermal fentanyl patch provided effective and similar postoperative analgesia in dogs undergoing orthopedic surgery. However, because of its anti-inflammatory effects, treatment with meloxicam reduced the degree of lameness and resulted in rapid functional recovery of the limb. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;227:1768–1774)
Evaluation of farm management practices as risk factors for clinical listeriosis and fecal shedding of Listeria monocytogenes in ruminants
Authors: Nightingale Kendra K. , Fortes Esther D. , Ho Alphina J. , Schukken Ynte H. , Grohn Yrjo T. , Wiedmann Martin 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To assess seasonal variation in prevalence ofListeria monocytogenesonruminant farms and identify management practices associated with ruminant listeriosis and fecal shedding ofL monocytogenes.Study Design—Case-control study.Sample Population—2,056 samples of feces, feed, soil, and water from 24 case farms with listeriosis and 28 control farms without listeriosis.Procedure—Samples were collected and evaluated via bacterial culture forL monocytogenes. Univariate associations between farm management practices and listeriosis and fecal shedding ofL monocytogeneswere assessed. Multivariate models were developed to identify farm management practices associated with listeriosis and fecal shedding ofL monocytogenes.Results—The prevalence ofL monocytogenesoncattle, goat, and sheep farms was seasonal, especially in fecal samples, with peak prevalence in winter. Although the prevalence ofL monocytogenesin feedstuffs from small-ruminant farms also peaked during winter, the bacterium was detected at a constant rate in cattle farm feedstuffs throughout the year. Farm management practices, animal health and hygiene, and feedstuff quality and storage were associated with ruminant listeriosis and fecal shedding ofL monocytogenes.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest that the prevalence ofL monocytogeneson ruminant farms is seasonal, management practices are associated with ruminant listeriosis and fecal shedding ofL monocytogenes, and the epidemiologic features of listeriosis differ in cattle versus small ruminants. Awareness of risk factors may be used to develop control measures to reduce animal disease and introduction ofL monocytogenesinto the human food chain. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;227:1808–1814)
Evaluation of a rebound tonometer for measuring intraocular pressure in dogs and horses
Authors: Knollinger Amy M. , La Croix Noelle C. , Barrett Paul M. , Miller Paul E. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To compare intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements obtained with a rebound tonometer in dogs and horses with values obtained by means of applanation tonometry and direct manometry.Design—Prospective study.Animals—100 dogs and 35 horses with clinically normal eyes, 10 enucleated eyes from 5 dogs, and 6 enucleated eyes from 3 horses.Procedures—In the enucleated eyes, IOP measured by means of direct manometry was sequentially increased from 5 to 80 mm Hg, and IOP was measured with the rebound tonometer. In the dogs and horses, results of rebound tonometry were compared with results of applanation tonometry.Results—For the enucleated dog and horse eyes, there was a strong (r2= 0.99) linear relationship between pressures obtained by means of direct manometry and those obtained by means of rebound tonometry. Mean ± SD IOPs obtained with the rebound tonometer were 10.8 ± 3.1 mm Hg (range, 5 to 17 mm Hg) and 22.1 ± 5.9 mm Hg (range, 10 to 34 mm Hg) for the dogs and horses, respectively. Mean IOPs obtained with the applanation tonometer were 12.9 ± 2.7 mm Hg (range, 8 to 18 mm Hg) and 21.0 ± 5.9 mm Hg (range, 9 to 33 mm Hg), respectively. Values obtained with the rebound tonometer were, on average, 2 mm Hg lower in the dogs and 1 mm Hg higher in the horses, compared with values obtained with the applanation tonometer.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest that the rebound tonometer provides accurate estimates of IOP in clinically normal eyes in dogs and horses. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;227:244–248)
Evaluation of nonsurgical treatment of atlantoaxial subluxation in dogs: 19 cases (1992–2001)
Authors: Havig Marc E. , Cornell Karen K. , Hawthorne Julia C. , McDonnell John J. , Selcer Barbara A. 
Published: December 2005

Abstract

Objective—To evaluate long-term neurologic outcome
in dogs with atlantoaxial subluxation (AAS) that
were treated nonsurgically with a cervical splint.

Design—Retrospective study.
Animals±19 dogs with AAS and managed with a
cervical splint.

Procedure—Medical records from 2 university hospitals
were reviewed. Information pertaining to trauma,
duration of clinical signs prior to admission, medical
treatments prior to admission, results of neurologic
and physical examinations at the time of admission,
results of laboratory testing, results of diagnostic
imaging, neurologic status at the time of discharge,
duration of time the cervical splint was used for treatment,
and neurologic status at the time of splint
removal and at a final reexamination was extracted
from the medical records. Long-term outcome was
defined as neurologic status greater than or equal to
1 year after splint removal. Factors associated with a
good or poor long-term outcome were determined.

Results—A good final outcome was reported in 10 of
16 dogs. Median duration of clinical signs prior to referral
was 30 days; dogs that were affected ≤ 30 days
were significantly more likely to have a good long-term
outcome, compared with dogs affected > 30 days. The
neurologic grade at admission, radiographic appearance
of the dens, age at onset of clinical signs, and
history were not associated with outcome.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Nonsurgical
management of AAS by use of a cervical splint is a
viable treatment modality for young dogs with a first
episode of acute-onset clinical signs, regardless
of the severity of neurologic deficits at admission.
(J Am Vet Med Assoc 2005;227:257–262)
Abomasal impaction in Holstein-Friesian cows: 80 cases (1980–2003)
Authors: Wittek Thomas , Constable Peter D. , Morin Dawn E. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine clinical examination findings, clinicopathologic abnormalities, and outcome of treatment in dairy cattle with abomasal impaction.Design—Retrospective study.Animals—80 lactating Holstein-Friesian cows ≥ 2 years old.Procedure—Medical records of cattle with abomasal impaction admitted between 1980 and 2003 were retrieved, and data were extracted.Results—All cows were reported to have decreased food intake; concurrent diseases were identified in 54 (68%). Seventeen cows did not have detectable ruminal motility, but physical examination findings were nonspecific and variable. In general, cattle had mild hypocalcemia, hyperbilirubinemia, and hyperglycemia, but serum potassium and chloride concentrations were typically within reference limits. Fifty-five (69%) cattle had impaction of the pyloric antrum alone, and 25 (31%) had impaction of the abomasal body and pyloric antrum. Right flank laparotomy and abomasal massage were performed in 73 cattle. After surgery, 54 (74%) cattle received 3 to 4 L of mineral oil, PO, daily for 1 to 5 days. Short-term (ie, discharged from the hospital) survival rate was significantly higher for cows with impaction of the pyloric antrum alone (42/45 [93%]) than for cows with impaction of the body and antrum (12/24 [50%]).Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest that physical examination findings and results of serum biochemical analyses do not facilitate the diagnosis of abomasal impaction in lactating Holstein cows and that exploratory right flank laparotomy is necessary to make the diagnosis. Abomasal impaction should be considered as a differential diagnosis for inappetence and poor milk production in lactating dairy cows. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;227:287–291)
Assessment of the economic impact of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome on swine production in the United States
Authors: Neumann Eric J. , Kliebenstein James B. , Johnson Colin D. , Mabry John W. , Bush Eric J. , Seitzinger Ann H. , Green Alice L. , Zimmerman Jeffrey J. 
Published: December 2005

Abstract

Objective—To estimate the annual cost of infections
attributable to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome
(PRRS) virus to US swine producers.

Design—Economic analysis.

Sample Population—Data on the health and productivity
of PRRS-affected and PRRS-unaffected breeding
herds and growing-pig populations were collected
from a convenience sample of swine farms in the
midwestern United States.

Procedure—Health and productivity variables of
PRRS-affected and PRRS-unaffected swine farms
were analyzed to estimate the impact of PRRS on
specific farms. National estimates of PRRS incidence
were then used to determine the annual economic
impact of PRRS on US swine producers.

Results—PRRS affected breeding herds and growing-pig
populations as measured by a decrease in reproductive
health, an increase in deaths, and reductions
in the rate and efficiency of growth. Total annual economic
impact of these effects on US swine producers
was estimated at $66.75 million in breeding herds and
$493.57 million in growing-pig populations.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—PRRS imposes
a substantial financial burden on US swine producers
and causes approximately $560.32 million in
losses each year. By comparison, prior to eradication,
annual losses attributable to classical swine fever
(hog cholera) and pseudorabies were estimated at
$364.09 million and $36.27 million, respectively
(adjusted on the basis of year 2004 dollars). Current
PRRS control strategies are not predictably successful;
thus, PRRS-associated losses will continue into
the future. Research to improve our understanding of
ecologic and epidemiologic characteristics of the
PRRS virus and technologic advances (vaccines and
diagnostic tests) to prevent clinical effects are warranted.
(J Am Vet Med Assoc 2005;227:385–392)
Survival times in dogs with severe subvalvular aortic stenosis treated with balloon valvuloplasty or atenolol
Authors: Meurs Kathryn M. , Lehmkuhl Linda B. , Bonagura John D. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine survival times in dogs with severe subvalvular aortic stenosis (SAS) treated by means of balloon valvuloplasty or with atenolol, a β-adrenoceptor blocking drug.Design—Prospective study.Animals—38 dogs < 24 months old with severe SAS (peak systolic pressure gradient ≥ 80 mm Hg).Procedure—10 dogs underwent balloon valvuloplasty and were reexamined 6 weeks later to determine the feasibility of the procedure. The remaining 28 dogs were randomly assigned to undergo balloon valvuloplasty (n = 15) or to be treated with atenolol long term (13) and were reexamined annually for 9 years or until the time of death.Results—For the first 10 dogs, mean pressure gradient 6 weeks after balloon valvuloplasty (mean ± SD, 119 ± 32.6 mm Hg) was significantly decreased, compared with mean baseline pressure gradient (167 ± 40.1 mm Hg). Median survival time for dogs that underwent balloon valvuloplasty (55 months) was not significantly different from median survival time for dogs treated with atenolol (56 months).Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest that balloon valvuloplasty can result in a significant decrease in the peak systolic pressure gradient in dogs with severe SAS, at least for the short term. No clear benefit in survival times was seen for dogs that underwent balloon valvuloplasty versus dogs that were treated with atenolol. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;227:420–424)
Signs of neurologic dysfunction in dogs with central versus peripheral vestibular disease
Authors: Troxel Mark T. , Drobatz Kenneth J. , Vite Charles H. 
Published: December 2005

Abstract

Objective—To determine the frequency of specific
signs of neurologic dysfunction in dogs with central
vestibular disease (CVD) or peripheral vestibular disease
(PVD) and whether the degree of head tilt, rate of
nystagmus, and number of beats of postrotatory nystagmus
can be used to help distinguish CVD from PVD.

Design—Prospective clinical study.

Animals—40 client-owned dogs with vestibular system
dysfunction.

Procedure—A standard neurologic examination was
performed, along with an expanded vestibular system
examination that assessed the degree of head tilt,
rate of nystagmus, and number of beats of postrotatory
nystagmus.

Results—Dogs with CVD were significantly more
likely to be nonambulatory than were dogs with
PVD. Dogs with PVD were significantly more likely
to veer or lean in 1 direction and to have resting nystagmus
than were dogs with CVD. Median rate of
resting nystagmus was significantly higher for dogs
with PVD, but no significant differences between
groups were detected in regard to presence or
degree of head tilt, presence of positional ventral
strabismus, and number of beats of postrotatory
nystagmus.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results
suggest that nonambulatory tetraparesis is significantly
more common in dogs with CVD and veering
and leaning are significantly more common in dogs
with PVD. Although neither the degree of head tilt
nor the number of beats of postrotatory nystagmus
could be used to distinguish CVD from PVD, rate of
resting nystagmus may be useful in distinguishing
the 2 conditions. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 2005;227:
570–574)
Assessment of infectious organisms associated with chronic rhinosinusitis in cats
Authors: Johnson Lynelle R. , Foley Janet E. , De Cock Hilde E. V. , Clarke Heather E. , Maggs David J. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective–To determine detection rates for feline herpesvirus type 1 (FHV-1),Mycoplasmaspp, fungi, and bacteria in flush samples and biopsy specimens from the nasal cavities of cats with and without chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS).Design–Prospective study.Animals–10 CRS-affected cats and 7 cats without signs of respiratory tract disease.Procedures–Nasal flush samples and biopsy specimens were collected from all cats for bacterial (aerobic and anaerobic), fungal, and mycoplasmal cultures; additional biopsy specimens were collected for virus isolation and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay (to detect FHV-1 DNA).Results–Aerobic bacteria were detected in flush samples from 5 of 7 control cats; culture of flush samples from CRS-affected cats yielded aerobic bacteria (9/10 cats), anaerobic bacteria (3/10), andMycoplasmaspp (2/10). No fungal organisms were isolated from any cat. Potential pathogens were isolated significantly more often from CRS-affected cats than from control cats. Bacterial culture of biopsy specimens yielded aerobic bacteria (2/7 control cats and 4/10 CRS-affected cats) and anaerobic bacteria (2/10 CRS-affected cats). Although FHV-1 was not detected in nasal biopsy specimens from control or CRS-affected cats, FHV-1 DNA was detected via PCR assay in specimens from 4 of 7 control cats and 3 of 10 CRS-affected cats.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance–Compared with findings in control cats, anaerobic bacteria,Mycoplasmaspp, and a variety of potentially pathogenic organisms were detected more commonly in samples from cats with CRS. In both groups, FHV-1 was detected via PCR assay as a nonviable organism or in noncultivable amounts. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;227:579–585)
Use of hinged transarticular external fixation for adjunctive joint stabilization in dogs and cats: 14 cases (1999–2003)
Authors: Jaeger Gayle H. , Wosar Marc A. , Marcellin-Little Denis J. , Lascelles B. Duncan X. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjectives—To describe placement of hinged transarticular external fixation (HTEF) frames and evaluate their ability to protect the primary repair of unstable joints while allowing joint mobility in dogs and cats.Design—Retrospective study.Animals—8 cats and 6 dogs.Procedure—HTEF frames were composed of metal or epoxy connecting rods and a hinge. Measurements of range of motion of affected and contralateral joints and radiographs were made after fixator application and removal.Results—9 animals (4 cats and 5 dogs) had tarsal and 5 (4 cats and 1 dog) had stifle joint injuries. Treatment duration ranged from 45 to 100 days (median, 57 days). Ranges of motion in affected stifle and tarsal joints were 57% and 72% of control while HTEF was in place and 79% and 84% of control after frame removal. Complications were encountered in 3 cats and 2 dogs and included breakage of pins and connecting rods, hinge loosening, and failure at the hinge-epoxy interface.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—HTEF in animals with traumatic joint instability provided adjunctive joint stabilization during healing and protection of the primary repair and maintained joint motion during healing, resulting in early weight bearing of the affected limb. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;227:586–591)