bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resilience analysis of maritime transportation networks: a systematic review
Authors: Zhang Di , Tao Jiale , Wan Chengpeng , Huang Liang , Yang Ming 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
As supply chains in today's world become more complex and fragile, enhancing the resilience of maritime transport is increasingly imperative. The COVID-19 epidemic in 2020 exposed the vulnerability of existing supply chains, causing substantial impacts such as supply shortages, procurement constraints, logistics delays and port congestion, highlighting the need to build resilient maritime transportation networks (MTNs) and reigniting research on the resilience of maritime transport. Based on science mapping, we quantitatively analysed the domain of resilience of MTNs. We mainly study the resilience of MTNs from the following aspects: the construction of MTNs and their topological characterization, vulnerability-orientated resilience analysis of MTNs, recovery-orientated resilience analysis of MTNs, investment decision-orientated resilience analysis of MTNs, climate change-orientated resilience analysis of MTNs and pandemic-orientated resilience analysis of MTNs. This study reviews recent advances in MTN resilience research, highlighting research topics, shortcomings and future research agenda.
Comprehensive analysis of zinc and ring finger 3 in prognostic value and pan‐cancer immunity
Authors: Liu Minghui , Zhao Huan , Peng Suming , Wu Yunfei , Liu Yanyan , Sun Wu , Zen Ke , Sun Xinlei 
Published: March 2024

AbstractZinc and ring finger 3 (ZNRF3) is a negative suppressor of Wnt signal and newly identified as an important regulator in tumorigenesis and development. However, the pan‐cancer analysis of ZNRF3 has not been reported. We found that ZNRF3 was significantly decreased in six tumors including CESC, KIRP, KIRC, SKCM, OV, and ACC, but increased in twelve tumors, namely LGG, ESCA, STES, COAD, STAD, LUSC, LIHC, THCA, READ, PAAD, TGCT, and LAML. Clinical outcomes of cancer patients were closely related to ZNRF3 expression in ESCA, GBM, KIRC, LUAD, STAD, UCEC, LGG, and SARC. The highest genetic alteration frequency of ZNRF3 occurred in ACC. Abnormal expression of ZNRF3 could be attributed to the differences of copy number variation (CNV) and DNA methylation as well as ZNRF3‐interacting proteins. Besides, ZNRF3 were strongly associated with tumor heterogeneity, tumor stemness, immune score, stromal score and ESTIMATE score in certain cancers. In terms of immune cell infiltration, ZNRF3 was positively correlated to infiltration of cancer‐associated fibroblasts in CESC, HNSC, OV, PAAD, PRAD, and THYM, but negatively associated with infiltration of CD8 T cells in HNSC, KIRC, KIRP and THYM. Moreover, ZNRF3 expression was correlated with most immune checkpoint genes in SARC, LUSC, LUAD, PRAD, THCA, UVM, TGCT, and OV, and associated with overwhelming majority of immunoregulatory genes in almost all cancers. Most RNA modification genes were also remarkably related to ZNRF3 level in KIRP, LUAD, LUSC, THYM, UVM, PRAD, and UCEC, indicating that ZNRF3 might have an important effect on cancer epigenetic regulation. Finally, we verified the expression and role of ZNRF3 in clinical specimens and cell lines of renal cancer and liver cancer. This study provides a comprehensive pan‐cancer analysis of ZNRF3 and reveals the complexity of its carcinogenic effect.
Mechanisms underlying morphological and functional changes of cilia in fibroblasts derived from patients bearing ARL3T31A and ARL3T31A/C118F mutations
Authors: Zhang Xiaoli , Yao Shun , Zhang Lujia , Yang Lin , Yang Mingzhu , Guo Qingge , Li Yan , Wang Zhongfeng , Lei Bo , Jin Xiuxiu 
Published: March 2024

AbstractARL3 is essential for cilia development, and mutations in ARL3 are closely associated with ciliopathies. In a previous study, we observed distinct phenotypes of retinal dystrophy in patients with heterozygous ARL3T31A and compound heterozygous ARL3T31A/C118F mutations, indicating that different mutation types may exert diverse effects on their functions. Here, we generated transformed immortal fibroblast cells from patients carrying heterozygous ARL3T31A and compound heterozygous ARL3T31A/C118F mutations, and systematically evaluated their cilia morphology and function, which were further validated in ARPE‐19 cells. Results showed that both ARL3T31A and ARL3T31A/C118F mutations led to a decrease in cilium formation. The ARL3T31A/C118F mutations caused significantly elongated cilia and impaired retrograde transport, whereas the ARL3T31A mutation did not induce significant changes in fibroblasts. RNA‐sequencing results indicated that compared to ARL3T31A, ARL3T31A/C118F fibroblasts exhibited a higher enrichment of biological processes related to neuron projection development, tissue morphogenesis, and extracellular matrix (ECM) organization, with noticeable alterations in pathways such as ECM‐receptor interaction, focal adhesion, and TGF‐β signaling. Similar changes were observed in the proteomic results in ARPE‐19 cells. Core regulated genes including IQUB, UNC13D, RAB3IP, and GRIP1 were specifically downregulated in the ARL3T31A/C118F group, and expressions of IQUB, NPM2, and SLC38A4 were further validated. Additionally, IQUB showed a rescuing effect on the overlong cilia observed in ARL3T31A/C118F fibroblasts. Our results not only enhance our understanding of ARL3‐related diseases but also provide new insights into the analysis of heterozygous and compound heterozygous mutations in genetics.
Mpox Case Presenting With Genital Lesions and Proctitis
Authors: Alhalaseh Yazan , Modi Mitul B. , Haddad Sandra , Souchik Adam , Speiser Jodi J. , Massarani-Wafai Razan , Dahiya Madhu 
Published: March 2024

Abstract:
Monkeypox (Mpox) is a zoonotic Orthopoxvirus of the Poxviridae family, endemic to Africa. In August 2022, the US government declared it an emergency because of the worldwide spread. Traditionally, Mpox infection spreads through contact with infected animals. However, the 2022 outbreak Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) data note that 94% of cases had recent male-to-male sexual or close intimate contact, suggesting a novel sexual transmission. In this article, we report a 39-year-old HIV-positive man presenting with a diffuse cutaneous rash, perianal pain, and bloody stool of 2-week duration. A medical history includes intravenous drug use and multiple sexual partners. Physical examination revealed umbilicated, tan-colored, crusted cutaneous papules scattered across the face, trunk, and genital regions. Perianal lesion biopsy showed an acanthotic epidermis with spongiosis, ballooning degeneration of keratinocytes, and the formation of multinucleated syncytial keratinocytes. A dermal superficial/lichenoid mixed inflammatory cell infiltrate with multinucleated giant cells was noted. Perianal lesion polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was positive for Mpox. Colonoscopy revealed a 3-cm circumferential rectal ulcer with gray exudate and necrosis. A rectal ulcer biopsy showed an ulcerated mucosa with acute proctitis and necrosis. There were scattered macrophages with intranuclear inclusion and glassy vacuolization, and Mpox infection was confirmed by immunostaining with a Mpox-specific anti-Vaccinia virus antibody.
Cellular Cutaneous Epithelioid Hemangioma Harboring the Rare GATA6::FOXO1 Gene Fusion
Authors: Tepp Jonathan A. , Agaram Narasimhan P. , Chang Jason C. , Linos Konstantinos 
Published: March 2024

Abstract:
Epithelioid hemangioma (EH) is a benign vascular tumor displaying diverse histomorphologies. Among these, one EH subtype comprises cellular sheets of atypical epithelioid cells, posing potential challenges in distinguishing it from malignant vascular lesions. In this case report, we present a cutaneous cellular EH that carries the rare GATA6::FOXO1 gene fusion, a recent discovery. Our aim is to provide an updated insight into the evolving knowledge of EHs while delving into the histologic and molecular characteristics of the primary differential diagnoses.
Effective Collaboration in the Surgical Management of Macroglossia in Beckwith–Wiedemann Syndrome
Authors: Binhezaim Alhanouf , Al Qurashi Abdullah A. , Alissa Sami , Alyazeedi Ibtesam A. 
Published: March 2024

Summary:
Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) is a complex congenital overgrowth disorder necessitating a multidisciplinary approach for effective management. A 5-year-old Saudi girl with BWS received comprehensive care involving various specialists, including a plastic surgeon who performed a keyhole technique tongue reduction to address macroglossia. The intervention resulted in significant improvements in speech and quality of life, with no postoperative complications. Intensive speech therapy further enhanced speech development. This case report emphasizes the importance of a multidisciplinary approach and the critical role of the plastic surgeon in managing BWS patients with macroglossia to achieve optimal outcomes.
Maintaining Functionality in Temporal Skin Tumor Surgery: A Focus on Nerve Injury and Excision Margins
Authors: Al-Aswad Firas , Fernandez-Diaz Oscar F. , Abdelrazek Mohamed , Al Naser Mutaz 
Published: March 2024

Background:
Operating on temporal cutaneous tumors is challenging because of the intricate facial nerve system, particularly the frontal branches, and the possibility of brow dysfunction. Surgery for deep margin clearance is difficult because of the fragile and sensitive soft tissue in the temporal region. To address this research gap, this study assessed clearance margins, types of skin tumors, and nerve injuries in this critical anatomical position. This retrospective study assessed temporal skin cancer surgery, malignancy types, and clearance margins in patients with frontal-branch facial nerve injuries.

Methods:
Forty-five patients with temporal skin carcinoma biopsies were analyzed. The deep and peripheral excision margins of skin malignancies were examined. Medical records were reviewed for clinically injured frontal nerve.

Results:
Thirty-four patients were men (75%), and basal cell carcinoma was the most prevalent histological malignancy, followed by squamous cell carcinoma. The mean age of the patients was 77.8 years (39–107 years). Two patients experienced damage to the frontal branch nerve. Twenty-six percent of the skin malignancies had inadequate deep margin excision.

Conclusions:
Removing temporal skin lesions is difficult. We discovered a 26% and 4% probability of inadequate deep margin excision and frontal branch facial nerve injury, respectively. Temporal skin lesions must be removed safely by surgeons to preserve the branches of the facial nerves. Insufficiently removed tumors require multidisciplinary teamwork and patient discussions regarding the advantages and risks to improve results.
Clinical impact of genetic testing for lipid disorders
Authors: Muzurović Emir , Borozan Sanja , Rizzo Manfredi 
Published: March 2024

Purpose of review
Genetic testing is increasingly becoming a common consideration in the clinical approach of dyslipidemia patients. Advances in research in last decade and increased recognition of genetics in biological pathways modulating blood lipid levels created a gap between theoretical knowledge and its applicability in clinical practice. Therefore, it is very important to define the clinical justification of genetic testing in dyslipidemia patients.

Recent findings
Clinical indications for genetic testing for most dyslipidemias are not precisely defined and there are no clearly established guideline recommendations. In patients with severe low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, the genetic analysis can be used to guide diagnostic and therapeutic approach, while in severe hypertriglyceridemia (HTG), clinicians can rely on triglyceride level rather than a genotype along the treatment pathway. Genetic testing increases diagnostic accuracy and risk stratification, access and adherence to specialty therapies, and cost-effectiveness of cascade testing. A shared decision-making model between the provider and the patient is essential as patient values, preferences and clinical characteristics play a very strong role.

Summary
Genetic testing for lipid disorders is currently underutilized in clinical practice. However, it should be selectively used, according to the type of dyslipidemia and when the benefits overcome costs.
Effects of bempedoic acid on markers of inflammation and Lp(a)
Authors: Reddy Sukhila , Deoker Abhizith 
Published: March 2024

Purpose of review
To study the effect of bempedoic acid on markers of inflammation and lipoprotein (a) to help determine if the drug would be useful to treat patients with elevated cardiovascular risks and residual cardiovascular risk despite optimal low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels.

Recent findings
Bempedoic acid is found to cause significant reduction in LDL-C and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in various randomized clinical trials. Multiple meta-analyses have also found that bempedoic acid therapy leads to reduction in non–high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C), total cholesterol (TC) and apolipoprotein B (ApoB) levels. However, it has minimal effect on lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)) level.

Summary
Bempedoic acid is a new lipid-lowering agent that inhibits enzyme ATP-citrate lyase in the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway. Major risk of cardiovascular events and its associated morbidity and mortality are proportional to LDL-C and inflammatory markers levels. It was found that bempedoic acid significantly lowers LDL-C, hs-CRP and other inflammatory markers levels. This drug could potentially be used in patients with elevated cardiovascular risk, in patients with residual cardiovascular risk despite attaining LDL-C goal and in statin intolerant patients.
Efficacy of Endoscopic Therapy in Symptomatic Pancreatic Divisum
Authors: Malik Sheza , Ullah Hamid , Loganathan Priyadarshini , Singh Dahiya Dushyant , Chandan Saurabh , Mohan Babu P. , Adler Douglas G. 
Published: March 2024

Background and Aims:
Pancreas divisum (PD) is a congenital malformation of the pancreas and is implicated as a cause of pancreatitis. The role of endotherapy has been variable in symptomatic PD indicated by recurrent acute pancreatitis (RAP), chronic pancreatitis (CP), or chronic pancreatic-type abdominal pain (PP). The aim of this study was to analyze the pooled data to determine the success of endoscopic intervention for pancreas divisum.

Methods:
We conducted a comprehensive search of several databases (inception to July 2023) to identify studies reporting on the use of endoscopic therapy in symptomatic pancreatic divisum. The random-effects model was used to calculate the pooled rates and I
2% values were used to assess the heterogeneity.

Results:
A total of 27 studies were retrieved that reported endoscopic intervention in pancreatic divisum. The calculated pooled rate of technical success was 92% (95% CI: 87-95; I
2=63%). The calculated pooled rate of clinical success was 65% (95% CI: 60-70; I
2=60%). The rate of clinical success by PD subtypes was highest in RAP at 71% (95% CI: 65-76; I
2=24%). Available studies had significant heterogeneity in defining clinical success. The rate of adverse events was 71% (95% CI: 65-76; I
2=24%).

Conclusions:
The role of endoscopic therapy in pancreatic divisum is variable with the highest success rate in recurrent acute pancreatitis. Endoscopic intervention is associated with a higher-than-usual rate of adverse events, including post-ERCP pancreatitis.
Visualization of the Internal Thoracic Arteries in Giant Cell Arteritis on 18F-FDG Semiconductor PET/CT
Authors: Maki Takashi , Matsusaka Yohji , Egi Ryota , Seto Akira , Kuji Ichiei 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
A 72-year-old woman presented with the fever and the pain of skull and face for 2 weeks. 18F-FDG PET/CT equipped with semiconductor detectors revealed strong uptake not only in the temporal, cervical, subclavian arteries, and aorta, but also in the bilateral internal thoracic arteries. The diagnosis of giant cell arteritis was made. Semiconductor PET can visualize small arteries such as the internal thoracic artery. The patients with giant cell arteritis are at a high risk of ischemic heart disease, and inflammatory involvement of the internal thoracic arteries may affect the outcome of coronary artery bypass grafting.
Incidence, Risk Factors, and Outcomes of Posttransplant Erythrocytosis Among Simultaneous Pancreas-Kidney Transplant Recipients
Authors: Gibes Mina L. , Astor Brad C. , Odorico Jon , Mandelbrot Didier , Parajuli Sandesh 
Published: March 2024

Background.
Posttransplant erythrocytosis (PTE) is a well-known complication of kidney transplantation. However, the risk and outcomes of PTE among simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplant (SPKT) recipients are poorly described.

Methods.
We analyzed all SPKT recipients at our center between 1998 and 2021. PTE was defined as at least 2 consecutive hematocrit levels of >51% within the first 2 y of transplant. Controls were selected at a ratio of 3:1 at the time of PTE occurrence using event density sampling. Risk factors for PTE and post-PTE graft survival were identified.

Results.
Of 887 SPKT recipients, 108 (12%) developed PTE at a median of 273 d (interquartile range, 160–393) after transplantation. The incidence rate of PTE was 7.5 per 100 person-years. Multivariate analysis found pretransplant dialysis (hazard ratio [HR]: 3.15; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.67-5.92; P < 0.001), non-White donor (HR: 2.14; 95% CI, 1.25-3.66; P = 0.01), female donor (HR: 1.50; 95% CI, 1.0-2.26; P = 0.05), and male recipient (HR: 2.33; 95% CI, 1.43-3.70; P = 0.001) to be associated with increased risk. The 108 cases of PTE were compared with 324 controls. PTE was not associated with subsequent pancreas graft failure (HR: 1.36; 95% CI, 0.51-3.68; P = 0.53) or kidney graft failure (HR: 1.16; 95% CI, 0.40-3.42; P = 0.78).

Conclusions.
PTE is a common complication among SPKT recipients, even in the modern era of immunosuppression. PTE among SPKT recipients was not associated with adverse graft outcomes, likely due to appropriate management.
Network analysis of marmoset cortical connections reveals pFC and sensory clusters
Authors: Pailthorpe Bernard A 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA new analysis is presented of the retrograde tracer measurements of connections between anatomical areas of the marmoset cortex. The original normalisation of raw data yields the fractional link weight measure, FLNe. That is re-examined to consider other possible measures that reveal the underlying in link weights. Predictions arising from both are used to examine network modules and hubs. With inclusion of the in weights the Infomap algorithm identifies eight structural modules in marmoset cortex. In and out hubs and major connector nodes are identified using module assignment and participation coefficients. Time evolving network tracing around the major hubs reveals medium sized clusters in pFC, temporal, auditory and visual areas; the most tightly coupled and significant of which is in the pFC. A complementary viewpoint is provided by examining the highest traffic links in the cortical network, and reveals parallel sensory flows to pFC and via association areas to frontal areas.
Super-resolution single molecule network analysis (SuperResNET) detects changes to clathrin structure by small molecule inhibitors
Authors: Wong Timothy H. , Khater Ismail M. , Hallgrimson Christian , Li Y. Lydia , Hamarneh Ghassan , Nabi Ivan R. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSpecificity of small molecules for their target molecule in the cell is critical to determine their effective use as biologics and therapeutics. Small molecule inhibitors of clathrin endocytosis, Pitstop 2, and the dynamin inhibitor Dynasore, have off-target effects and their specificity has been challenged. Here, we used SuperResNET to apply network analysis to 20 nm resolution dSTORM single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) to test whether Pitstop 2 and Dynasore alter the morphology of clathrin coated pits in intact cells. SuperResNET analysis of dSTORM data from HeLa and Cos7 cells identifies three classes of clathrin structures: small oligomers (Class I); pits and vesicles (Class II); and larger clusters corresponding to fused clathrin pits and clathrin plaques (Class III). SuperResNET analysis of high resolution MinFlux imaging identifies Class 1 oligomers as well as Class 2 structures including morphologically identifiable clathrin pits and vesicles. SuperResNET feature analysis of dSTORM data shows that Pitstop 2 and Dynasore induce the formation of distinct homogenous populations of clathrin structures in HeLa cells. Pitstop 2 blobs are smaller and more elongated than those induced by Dynasore, indicating that these two clathrin inhibitors arrest clathrin endocytosis at distinct stages. Pitstop 2 and Dynasore are not impacting clathrin structure via actin depolymerization as the actin depolymerizing agent latrunculin A (LatA) induced larger heterogeneous clathrin structures. Ternary analysis of SuperResNET shape features presents a distinct profile for Pitstop 2 Class II structures. The most representative Pitstop blobs align with and resemble MinFlux clathrin pits while control structures resemble Minflux clathrin vesicles. SuperResNET analysis of SMLM data is therefore a highly sensitive approach to detect the effect of small molecules on target molecule structure in situ in the cell.
Beam-based commissioning of a novel
X
-band transverse deflection structure with variable polarization
Authors: González Caminal P. , Christie F. , D’Arcy R. , Jaster-Merz S. M. , Assmann R. , Burkart F. , Conrad B. , Dinter H. , Foese M. , Herrmann J. , Hoffmann M. , Hüning M. , Jonas R. , Krebs O. , Lederer S. , Marchetti B. , Marx D. , Mueller J. , Osterhoff J. , Peperkorn I. , Reukauff M. , Schlarb H. , Schreiber S. , Tews G. , Vinatier T. , Vogt M. , de Z. Wagner A. , Wesch S. , Craievich P. , Bopp M. , Braun H.-H. , Citterio A. , Fortunati R. , Ganter R. , Kleeb T. , Marcellini F. , Pedrozzi M. , Prat E. , Reiche S. , Rolli K. , Sieber R. , Grudiev A. , Millar W. L. , Catalan-Lasheras N. , McMonagle G. , Pitman S. , del Pozo Romano V. , Szypula K. T. , Wuensch W. 
Published: March 2024

Longitudinal electron-beam diagnostics play a critical role in the operation and control of x-ray free-electron lasers, which rely on parameters such as the current profile, the longitudinal phase space, or the slice emittance of the particle distribution. On the one hand, the femtosecond-scale electron bunches produced at these facilities impose stringent requirements on the resolution achievable with the diagnostics. On the other, research and development of novel accelerator technologies such as beam-driven plasma-wakefield accelerators (PWFA) demand unprecedented capabilities to resolve the centroid offsets in the full transverse plane along the longitudinal bunch coordinate. We present the beam-based commissioning of an advanced X-band transverse-deflection rf structure (TDS) system with the new feature of providing variable polarization of the deflecting force: the PolariX-TDS. By means of a comprehensive campaign of measurements conducted with the prototype, key parameters of the rf performance of the system are validated and a phase-space characterization of an electron bunch is accomplished with a time resolution of 3.3 fs. Furthermore, an analysis of second-order effects induced on the bunch from its passage through the PolariX-TDS is presented.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024