bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BMI Variability and Cardiovascular Outcomes Within Clinical Trial and Real-World Environments in Type 2 Diabetes: An IMI2 SOPHIA study
Authors: Massey Robert J , Chen Yu , Panova-Noeva Marina , Mattheus Michaela , Siddiqui Moneeza K , Schloot Nanette C , Ceriello Antonio , Pearson Ewan R , Dawed Adem Yusef 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background:
BMI variability has been associated with increased cardiovascular disease risk in individuals with type 2 diabetes, however comparison between clinical studies and real-world observational evidence has been lacking. Furthermore, it is not known whether BMI variability has an effect independent of HbA1c variability.
Methods:
We investigated the association between BMI variability and 3P-MACE risk in the Harmony Outcomes trial (n = 9198), and further analysed placebo arms of REWIND (n = 4440) and EMPA-REG OUTCOME (n = 2333) trials, followed by real-world data from the Tayside Bioresource (n = 6980) using Cox regression modelling. BMI variability was determined using average successive variability (ASV), with first major adverse cardiovascular event of non-fatal stroke, non-fatal myocardial infarction, and cardiovascular death (3P-MACE) as the primary outcome.
Results:
After adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors, a + 1 SD increase in BMI variability was associated with increased 3P-MACE risk in Harmony Outcomes (HR 1.12, 95% CI 1.08–1.17, P < 0.001). The most variable quartile of participants experienced an 87% higher risk of 3P-MACE (P < 0.001) relative to the least variable. Similar associations were found in REWIND and Tayside Bioresource. Further analyses in the EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial did not replicate this association. BMI variability's impact on 3P-MACE risk was independent of HbA1c variability.
Conclusions:
In individuals with type 2 diabetes, increased BMI variability was found to be an independent risk factor for 3P-MACE across cardiovascular outcome trials and real-world datasets. Future research should attempt to establish a causal relationship between BMI variability and cardiovascular outcomes.
Silent Bite: Capnocytophaga meningitis with bilateral sensorineural hearing loss in splenectomized patient
Authors: Pulido Sonia , Kishore Mehwish , Pappas Konstantinos , Rosenbaum Kaylee M. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Splenectomized patients are at increased risk for infection with encapsulated bacteria including Capnocytophaga canimorsus found in canine oral flora. We report the clinical course, diagnostic workup, and treatment outcome of an asplenic woman who developed meningitis with bilateral sensorineural hearing loss after a dog bite. To limit the significant morbidity and mortality associated with this bacterium, it is imperative that providers consider Capnocytophaga canimorsus as the cause of infection and for the immunocompromised and symptomatic patient to seek prompt medical attention in the context of canine exposure.
Underwater Image Object Detection based on Multi-scale Feature Fusion
Authors: Yang Chao , Zhang Ce , Jiang Longyu , Zhang Xinwen 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Underwater object detection and classification technology is one of the most important ways for humans to explore the oceans. However, existing methods are still insufficient in terms of accuracy and speed, and have poor detection performance for small objects such as fish. In this paper, we propose a multi-scale aggregation enhanced (MAE-FPN) object detection method based on the feature pyramid network, including the multi-scale convolutional calibration module (MCCM) and the feature calibration distribution module (FCDM). First, we design the MCCM module, which can adaptively extract feature information from objects at different scales. Then, we built the FCDM structure to make the multi-scale information fusion more appropriate and to alleviate the problem of missing features from small objects. Finally, we construct the Fish Segmentation and Detection (FSD) dataset by fusing multiple data augmentation methods, which enriches the data resources for underwater object detection and solves the problem of limited training resources for deep learning. We conduct experiments on FSD and public datasets, and the results show that the proposed MAE-FPN network significantly improves the detection performance of underwater objects, especially small objects.
IRTKS Contributes to the Malignant Progression of Cervical Cancer Cells
Authors: Zhang Yan , Yi Faping , Zhang Xiaoxuan , Song Jing , Cai Jing , Lai Jiayi , Song Fangzhou 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Cervical cancer (CC), one of the most aggressive tumors in women, has high risk rates of recurrence and metastasis. It is essential to study the key genes and proteins involved in CC development. IRTKS, a member of the IRSp53 family, has been reported as a tumor promoter in gastric and breast cancers. However, the biological significance of IRTKS in CC is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to explore the biological function of IRTKS in CC cells in vitro, and the effect of IRTKS on tumorigenesis in vivo.
Materials and Methods
Siha and Hela cells were treated with si-RNA and plasmids. Cell proliferation and motility were analyzed using proliferation and transwell assays, respectively. The expression of EMT-related proteins was determined by western blot.
Results
IRTKS was highly expressed in CC. IRTKS contributes to the proliferation of CC cells in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, IRTKS facilitated the migration and invasion of CC cells and modulated epithelial-mesenchymal transition.
Conclusion
IRTKS plays a crucial role in CC tumorigenesis, suggesting it can be a potential key gene in new therapeutic strategies for CC.
Temporally Enhanced Graph Convolutional Network for Hand Tracking from an Egocentric Camera
Authors: Cho Woojin , Ha Taewook , Jeon Ikbeom , Jeon Jinwoo , Kim Taekyun , Woo Woontack 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

We propose a robust 3D hand tracking system in various hand action environments, including hand-object interaction, which utilizes a single color image and a previous pose prediction as input. We observe that existing methods deterministically exploit temporal information in motion space, failing to address realistic diverse hand motions. Also, prior methods paid less attention to efficiency as well as robust performance, i.e., the balance issues between time and accuracy. The Temporally Enhanced Graph Convolutional Network (TE-GCN) utilizes a 2-stage framework to encode temporal information adaptively. The system establishes balance by adopting an adaptive GCN, which effectively learns the spatial dependency between hand mesh vertices. Furthermore, the system leverages the previous prediction by estimating the relevance across image features through the attention mechanism. The proposed method achieves state-of-the-art balanced performance on challenging benchmarks and demonstrates robust results on various hand motions in real scenes. Moreover, the hand tracking system is integrated into a recent HMD with an off-loading framework, achieving a real-time framerate while maintaining high performance. Our study improves the usability of a high-performance hand-tracking method, which can be generalized to other algorithms and contributes to the usage of HMD in everyday life. Our code with the HMD project will be available at https://github.com/UVR-WJCHO/TEGCN_on_Hololens2
Comparing E-Learning and In- Person Teaching Methods for the course “Clinical Aspects of Audiology” for Syrian Post-Graduate Audiology Students
Authors: Mehrez Rodaina , Badour Adnan , Dashash Mayssoon 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Objective
This study aims to compare the effectiveness of traditional learning with e-learning in terms of student acceptance of the scientific material, as well as their practical and clinical experiences.
Methods
In the academic year 2019/ 2020, traditional learning was applied to teach 31 first- year audiology master's students on the topic of clinical aspects of audiology. Subsequently, in the academic year 2020/2021, e-learning was applied to teach 29 first- year audiology master's students. A comparison was conducted between the two groups to assess student acceptance of the scientific material, their satisfaction with the teaching and evaluation methods, and the practical and clinical experiences they gained.
Results
There was no statistically significant difference observed between the two groups regarding student acceptance of the subject, teaching methods ,and evaluation process. However, students in the e-learning group reported feeling more comfortable dealing with the subject compared to those in the traditional learning group. Additionally, traditional learning students exhibited higher level of motivation in comparisons to their learning counterparts.
No statistically significant difference was found in terms of theoretical knowledge and practical experience gained between the two groups.
Conclusion
Both traditional learning and e-learning methods demonstrated efficacy in delivering scientific material, and were well- received by students.
Development of Polymer-Based Hemp and Colemanite Composite as a Friction Material
Authors: KARAKAS Hamdi , Oktem HASAN , Uygur Ilyas 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Natural and organic-based composite materials are widely used in many industrial applications due to their low cost, easy recyclability, economic feasibility, and ready availability. In this study, a polymer-based composite friction material consisting of Hemp-Colemanite composition (HCFCo) has been developed for the automotive sector to exhibit lower cost, environmentally friendly characteristics, and suitable friction-wear behaviors. For this purpose, three different ratios (%4, %8 and %12) of HCFCo composites were produced using a coating technique called impregnation process with a specially designed device. During the production stage, homogeneity of the composites was ensured, and then the final shape was given by the hot pressing method. Properties such as hardness, density, water and oil absorption, friction coefficient, and specific wear of HCFCo samples were examined. In addition, the microstructures of HCFCo composites were investigated to determine the bonding form between hemp fiber and colemanite. The results obtained revealed that the friction coefficient values decreased with an increase in temperature, while no significant change was observed in hardness and density values. Throughout the entire testing process, the friction coefficients varied between 0.14 and 0.29 on average. It was concluded that the developed fiber-reinforced composite can be reliably used in industrial applications and can contribute significantly to innovations in the literature.
Factors Influencing Adherence to Tumor Treating Fields in Glioblastoma Patients: A Study from China
Authors: An Zhenxia , Tian Shuangshuang , Chen Fan , Guan Pei , Xu Jing , Ma Linlei , Zhao Binfang , Wang Liang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Tumor treating fields (TTFields) are a type of non-invasive therapy approved for patients with glioblastoma (GBM), showing promising efficacy in both newly diagnosed and recurrent GBM. However, clinical data on the adherence and influencing factors of TTFields in China are scarce. Therefore, the present study analyzed patients’ adherence data to identify the current status of treatment adherence and its influencing factors.
Methods
A total of 94 GBM patients who received TTFields in our center were enrolled from September 2020 to December 2022. Patient demographic variables were collected, including age, gender, education, allergies, comorbidities, and other relevant details. Additionally, the incidence of dermatologic adverse events (dAEs), Karnofsky performance status, hospital anxiety and depression scale, the family concern index questionnaire, and treatment adherence were assessed at 3 and 6 months. Univariate and multivariate statistical techniques were applied to analyze factors influencing treatment adherence.
Results
Patients were followed up at 3 and 6 months during TTFields treatment, with follow-up rates of 93.62% and 86.17%, respectively. Statistically significant differences in full adherence were observed between 1-3- and 4-6-month periods (27.27% vs 41.98%, p = 0.044). Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that dAEs and depression were independent predictors of adherence in the 1-3-month period. Age, dAEs, and family function were independent predictors of adherence in the 4-6-month period.
Conclusion
Adherence to TTFields is critical for the prognosis of GBM patients. The study findings demonstrated that patient adherence is influenced by various factors such as age, dAEs, depression, and family function. Thus, implementing targeted interventions tailored to patients’ needs at different stages can enhance treatment adherence.
Evaluation of confectionary sunflower germplasm accessions and their derived hybrids
Authors: Latif Abdul , Rauf Saeed , Nazish Maham , Ortiz Rodomiro 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Confectionary sunflower has gained popularity due to its utilization in roasting as snacks, poultry, bird food, and bakery products. However, seed quality of confectionary sunflower differs from non-oil seed types. In the present study, 71 sunflower accessions were selected for the evaluation of seed quality traits. Significant genetic variability was observed for traits such as 100-seed mass and seed length, as indicated by high genotypic coefficients of variability. Correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation between 100-seed mass and seed size, protein content, and oleic acid content. Path coefficient analysis suggested that accessions with high sugar content may be selected to develop superior germplasm for confectionary products. Biplot analysis was conducted to identify suitable accessions with favorable confectionary traits. Accessions ‘Hybrid 100’, ‘GOR101’, and ‘Odesskijj112’ exhibited high sugar content, while ‘Yawn’ demonstrated comparatively higher oleic acid content. Accessions ‘Vinimik 6931’ and ‘HA 305’ displayed high 100-seed mass, while seed length was greater in accessions ‘Comet’ and H. × multiflorous. Combining ability analysis were performed to assess the breeding value of accessions. ‘Comet’ exhibited the highest general combining ability (GCA) effects for seed yield per plant, head diameter and 100-seed mass; while ‘G.OR.104’ had positive GCA for seed yield per plant but negative combining ability for other traits. ‘Tenissiei’ displayed positive GCA for all traits. Among the testers, accession ‘Universal’ showed positive GCA for seed yield per plant, while ‘HA-292’ exhibited positive GCA for head diameter.
Functional improvements in β-conglycinin by preparing bioconjugates with carboxymethyl cellulose
Authors: Hataishi Yui , Tanaka Aya , Ishizuka Misaki , Mizobuchi Hibine , Yoshida Tadashi , Hattori Makoto 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

β-Conglycinin was conjugated with carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) by using water-soluble carbodiimide to improve its function. Two kinds of CMC differing in average molecular weight (about 1 kDa and 90 kDa) were used to investigate the relationship between molecular weight of conjugated saccharide and saccharide content in the conjugates and degree of functional changes in β-conglycinin. The β-conglycinin-CMC conjugates were purified by dialysis using a dialysis membrane whose molecular weight cutoff is 100 kDa. Composition of the β-conglycinin-low molecular weight (LMW) CMC and β-conglycinin-high molecular weight (HMW) CMC was β-conglycinin:CMC = 1:3.3 and 1:2.1 (weight ratio) respectively which was confirmed by BCA method and phenol sulfuric acid method. Conjugation was confirmed by SDS-PAGE with CBB. Solubility of β-conglycinin in the range of pH4.0-7.0 was much improved by conjugation with both LMW and HMW CMC. Emulsifying property of β-conglycinin at pH5.0 and pH7.0 was much improved by conjugation with HMW CMC and greater improvement was achieved by conjugation with LMW CMC. Immunogenicity of β-conglycinin was decreased by conjugation with LMW CMC.
Electrical muscular stimulation on shoulder instability: is it beneficial?
Authors: Eldaly Sameh , Abdelhady Adham 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Objective:
The aim of the study to collect relevant studies that examined the effects of Electrical Muscular Stimulation (EMS) on Shoulder Instability.
Background:
The Shoulder instability is described as emerging when there are indications of shoulder laxity. The most common cause of primary shoulder dislocation in athletes is glenohumeral subluxation and dislocation. Roughly ninety-five percent of the first cases of shoulder dislocation result from an abrupt twisting motion, a forceful blow, or landing on an outstretched arm.
Methods:
The review was carried out by searching scientifically recognized medical databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Pedro Database, ICTRP Database and WILEY Online Library. Date restrictions were not applied.
Results:
The studies that were included demonstrated that patients with Functional Posterior Shoulder Instability who received NMES-enhanced physical therapy had a significantly better main outcome. At the 3-month follow-up, the frequency of instability episodes improved significantly in the NMES-enhanced physical therapy group, and shoulder subluxation was significantly lower in position-triggered ES than in passive ES.
Conclusion:
The posterior shoulder instability was significantly and clinically alleviated by electrical muscle stimulation. On the other hand, position-triggered electrical stimulation (ES) might be more effective than passive ES for treating poststroke shoulder subluxation.
Further treatment of coking wastewater treated in A2O-MBR by the nanofiltration-powder activated carbon hybrid system
Authors: İnce Elif , İnce Mahir , Durmaz Furkan , Yaşar Handenur , Uslu Yasin Abdullah 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
In this study, further treatment of coking wastewater treated in anoxic-oxic-membrane bioreactor (A2O-MBR) was investigated to meet the standards of the ministry by means of nanofiltration (NF) (with two different membranes and different pressures), microfiltration -powder activated carbon (MF-PAC) hybrid system and NF-PAC (with two different membranes and five different PAC concentrations) hybrid system. In addition to the parameters determined by the ministry, other parameters such as ammonium, thiocyanate (SCN−), hydrogen cyanide (HCN), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), color were also examined to evaluate the flux performance and treatment efficiency of the hybrid processes. According to the results, chemical oxygen demand (COD) in the NF process, COD and total cyanide (T-CN) in the MF-PAC process could not meet the discharge standards. As for the NF-PAC hybrid system, XN45 membrane met the discharge standards in all parameters (COD = 96±1.88 mg/L, T-CN =&lt;0,02 mg/L, phenol =&lt;0.05 mg/L), with a recovery rate of 78% at 0.5 g/L PAC concentration.
Solar desalination system for fresh water production performance estimation in net-zero energy consumption building: A comparative study on various machine learning models
Authors: Alhamami Ali Hussain , Falude Emmanuel , Ibrahim Ahmed Osman , Dodo Yakubu Aminu , Daniel Okpakhalu Livingston , Atamurotov Farruh 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
This study employs diverse machine learning models, including classic artificial neural network (ANN), hybrid ANN models, and the imperialist competitive algorithm and emotional artificial neural network (EANN), to predict crucial parameters such as fresh water production and vapor temperatures. Evaluation metrics reveal the integrated ANN-ICA model outperforms the classic ANN, achieving a remarkable 20% reduction in mean squared error (MSE). The emotional artificial neural network (EANN) demonstrates superior accuracy, attaining an impressive 99% coefficient of determination (R2) in predicting freshwater production and vapor temperatures. The comprehensive comparative analysis extends to environmental assessments, displaying the solar desalination system's compatibility with renewable energy sources. Results highlight the potential for the proposed system to conserve water resources and reduce environmental impact, with a substantial decrease in total dissolved solids (TDS) from over 6,000 ppm to below 50 ppm. The findings underscore the efficacy of machine learning models in optimizing solar-driven desalination systems, providing valuable insights into their capabilities for addressing water scarcity challenges and contributing to the global shift toward sustainable and environmentally friendly water production methods.
Gastrointestinal Issues in Depression, Anxiety, and Neurodegenerative
Diseases: A Systematic Review on Pathways and Clinical Targets
Implications
Authors: Andriolo Ian Richard Lucena , Longo Bruna , de Melo Dayse Machado , de Souza Márcia Maria , Prediger Rui Daniel , da Silva Luisa Mota 
Published: March 2024

Introduction:
Multiple illnesses commonly involve both the Central Nervous System
(CNS) and the Gastrointestinal Tract (GI) simultaneously. Consistent evidence suggests that neurological
disorders impair GI tract function and worsen the symptomatology and pathophysiology of
digestive disorders. On the other hand, it has been proposed that early functional changes in the GI
tract contribute to the genesis of several CNS illnesses. Additionally, the role played by the gut in
these diseases can be seen as a paradigm for how the gut and the brain interact.

Methods:
We mentioned significant GI symptoms and discussed how the GI tract affects central
nervous system illnesses, including depression, anxiety, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease
in this study. We also explored potential pathophysiological underpinnings and novel targets
for the creation of future therapies targeted at gut-brain connections.

Results & Discussion:
In this situation, modulating the gut microbiota through the administration of
fecal microbiota transplants or probiotics may represent a new therapeutic option for this population,
not only to treat GI problems but also behavioral problems, given the role that dysbiosis and
leaky gut play in many neurological disorders.

Conclusion:
Accurate diagnosis and treatment of co-existing illnesses also require coordination between
psychiatrists, neurologists, gastroenterologists, and other specialties, as well as a thorough
history and thorough physical examination.
Optimal Indications of Radioimmunotherapy in Nuclear Medicine: A Mini-Review
Authors: Vahidfar Nasim , Ahmadzadehfar Hojjat , Farzanefar Saeed , Abbasi Mehrshad , Salehi Yalda , Saboktakin Fateme , Jahanbin Mahsa , Kashi Mohsen Bakhshi , Eppard Elisabeth , Biersack Hans Jürgen 
Published: March 2024

:
Immunotherapy has emerged as a very considerable and potent therapeutic method in
which immune inhibitors have gained a lot of attention in the curative field of various cancers.
Under certain circumstances, when radiotherapy is accompanied by immunotherapy, the efficacy
of the therapeutic procedure increases. Irradiated tumor cells follow a pathway called immunogenic
cell death, which targets tumor associated antigens. The application of radiolabeled
antibodies under the concept of “radioimmunotherapy” (RIT) makes the synergistic targeted
therapeutic effect possible. Since antibodies themselves are cytotoxic, they can kill the cells that
not only bind but are within the path length of their radiation emissions. RIT can be categorized
as a substantial progress in nuclear medicine. The main concept of RIT includes targeting specified
tumor-expressing antibodies. The mentioned purpose is achievable by formulation of radiolabeled
antibodies, which could be injected intravenously or directly into the tumor, as well as
compartmentally into a body cavity such as the peritoneum, pleura, or intrathecal space. RIT has
demonstrated very optimistic therapeutic outcomes in radioresistant solid tumors. Wide ranges
of efforts are accomplished in order to improve clinical trial accomplishments. In this review,
we intend to summarize the performed studies on RIT and their importance in medicine.