bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FRACTURED NECK OF FEMUR — WHOSE RESPONSIBILITY?
Authors: Warne Roger , Nade Sydney , McKechnie John , Warne Roger W. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACTFracture of the neck of femur is a common disorder in our elderly population. The number of fractures of the neck of femur are likely to increase, placing an ever‐increasing burden on our health care system.Traditional management practices need to be reexamined in order to see whether the impact of this condition can be minimised at the same time as improving patient care. A management team approach was adopted at Sir Charles Gairdner hospital by the Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Extended Care.In this paper the experiences of the Fractured Neck of Femur Management Team's first year of operation are reported.
LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF INTELLIGENCE: THE SIXTEENTH YEAR IN “OPERATION RETIREMENT”
Authors: Harwood Elsie , Enticknap L. E. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACTThe serial testing of intelligence in a panel of 405 persons over the age of sixty was commenced in 1966. Analysis of 155 completed progressive scores (WAIS (l), NHAIS (l), WAIS (2), NHAIS (2) obtained over ten years) was reported in 1976. A surviving group of 118 (average age 80) has been re‐tested (WAIS (3)) in 1981. Twenty were then aged between 85 and 95. The 1981 scores have been analyzed by their age‐groups at commencement of the study (60–64, 65–69, 70–74, 75–79). The longitudinal changes have been tested statistically, and show that for all age‐groups (as reported of the larger number in 1976) the average yearly change in the first four tests was negligible until the ninth and tenth decades, when it reached approximately two percent per annum; but that in all groups (regardless of age at commencement) the decline was more marked in the past five years. As before, there was wide variation within age‐groups — some in their eighties actually improving over sixteen years. More detailed analysis of differences between verbal and perceptual abilities will be discussed; and it will be shown that, in the UQOR test, score differences between 1977 and 1981 proved to be unrelated to age.
POLITICAL RHETORIC AND PROGRAM DRIFT: HOUSE AND SENATE DEBATES ON THE AGED OR DISABLED PERSONS‘ HOMES ACT
Authors: Dargavel Ricki , Kendig Hal 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThe Aged Persons' Homes Act 1954 initiated the now extensive involvement of the Commonwealth Government in funding housing and residential care for older Australians. This article reviews the House and Senate debates related to this legislation from early 1950 to the present. The aim is to identify recurrent themes and ideology underlying the political debate, and their relationship to actual program developments. An understanding of these ideas and expectations can assist in considering options for policy reform in the future.
THE LONG‐STAY PSYCHOGERIATRIC NEEDS OF A SUBURBAN COMMUNITY
Authors: Dax E. Cunningham , Morrison Garry 
Published: December 2008

AbstractA survey was made of the number of people in the Western Sourbs of Melbourne who needed long‐stay psychogeriatric care.The Directors' of Nursing Homes estimated that about 10% of their patients were in this category, whilst another 50 were in the Mental Health Department Hospitals and some 80 others were known in the Community or Hostels.With better Government organisation and co‐ordination, with expanded community services, improved nursing home design and utilisation, educational expansion and research much long‐term psychogeriatric care could be avoided.Problems faced by the various services have been reviewed together with their attempts to overcome their difficulties.
WARD FOR PATIENTS WITH DISTURBED BEHAVIOUR IN A GERIATRIC HOSPITAL — AN EVALUATION
Authors: Tulloch James A. 
Published: December 2008

SummaryThis paper describes the way in which one geriatric hospital attempted to cope with episodes of disturbed behaviour occurring within the hospital. A small ward was adapted for use by these patients, and the results of treatment in the ward were generally good in terms of improvements in behaviour and psychiatric condition.The problems of the ward and the results of treatment revealed problems in care of elderly patients with disturbed behaviour. There was difficulty arranging permanent care for patients where the behaviour disturbance could not be settled, and there was an increasing demand for admission for disturbed patients at home who were unable to obtain beds in psychogeriatric assessment units.The results of treatment reveal a need for better coordination between geriatric and psychogeriatric services to allow easier transfer between types of care according to needs. A behavioural approach to the elderly demented patient seemed more appropriate than an approach based on psychiatric diagnosis.
SURVEYING THE AGED IN AUSTRALIA
Authors: Hugo Graeme , Healy Judith , Luszcz Mary 
Published: December 2008

AbstractSurveys of the aged in Australia are characterised by a limited discussion of the methodology. However it is essential, especially in surveys aiming to discern levels and types of need among older populations, that the degree of representativeness of the survey be clearly established. A move towards needs‐based service delivery systems in Australia will depend upon relevant information being collected from representative samples of older people. The methodology for such data collection needs to be improved. This paper reviews various sampling strategies, and reports upon the methodology employed in obtaining and interviewing a random sample of people aged 70 years or more living at home in Adelaide's “middle suburbs”.
COMMUNITY OPTIONS: A NEW APPROACH IN ASSESSMENT AND THE DELIVERY OF SERVICES IN THE AGED CARE FIELD.
Authors: Abbey Robert , Hall Jeane , Rungie Michael 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThis paper draws attention to a pilot programme sponsored by Aged Cottage Homes Inc. in South Australia with the aim of reducing the movement into residential care of elderly people assessed as urgently needing and eligible to enter such forms of care. The programme focuses directly on those factors precipitating movement into residential care. By negotiating with existing service providers, advocating on behalf of users of the programme, establishing new services which are specific to user needs, the Community Options programme has demonstrated that many users of aged accommodation services can be supported to live in their own homes. The benefits of the programme include enhanced lifestyles for elderly people, individuality of specific programs for users, close and continuing contact with users, and the process is cost effective in terms of government outlays.
SURVEY OF KNOWLEDGE OF STAFF ABOUT URINARY INCONTINENCE
Authors: Fonda David , Nickless Ruth 
Published: December 2008

AbstractUrinary incontinence is a common, distressing and costly condition afflicting up to 25% of hospitalized patients and 60% of nursing home patients most of whom are elderly. It is important for nurses and doctors to have a good knowledge base and positive attitudes in order for them to deal optimally with this condition.A survey of 106 nurses and doctors was conducted in a large general acute teaching hospital. The survey assessed both attitudes and knowledge to various aspects of the causes, investigation and management of incontinence.It was found that (1) most staff had little teaching on this subject, (2) most staff had a poor knowledge base as to causes, investigation and management, (3) about 40% of nurses felt urinary incontinence was an attention seeking act, (4) State enrolled nurses who had the greatest contact with such patients had the poorest knowledge base.The results of this survey support the need for more undergraduate and inservice training, and particularly for the appointment of hospital based Clinical Nurse Specialists, with expertise in continence management.
SOME ISSUES IN LIBRARY SERVICES FOR THE AGED
Authors: Herr Twila A. J. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractAustralia's elderly do not use library services as frequently as other age groups. There are a variety of explanations for this under‐utilisation ranging from the attitudes of the elderly through the library materials available to physical demands on aged users. This article examines some recent literature and survey data to review these impediments to more effective use of library services by aged Australians. It argues that the “disengagement theory” is not an adequate explanation. Greater library sensitivity to the needs of the elderly and modifications of library services to minimise the effects of physical circumstances of the elderly appear likely to have impact on aged user rates. Thus libraries can redress the problem of low aged participation by catering for the special needs of this growing (potential) user group.
UNITS FOR THE CONFUSED AND DISTURBED ELDERLY: DEVELOPMENT, DESIGN, PROGRAMMING AND EVALUATION
Authors: Fleming Richard , Bowless John 
Published: December 2008

In New South Wales, the implementation of the ‘new’ Mental Health Act and the deinstitutionalisation of Mental Hospital patients following the Richmond Report, have lent urgency to the need to develop specialised units and services for the confused and disturbed elderly.Experience gained working with this population in a traditional Mental Hospital has led to both an appreciation of the limitations of therapeutic programmes implemented within this setting and the designing of purpose built units appropriate to the needs of these patients.Units which will facilitate a Reality Orientation/Behavioural approach within a simple, domestic scale environment are now being built.This paper presents the developmental stages of this concept, describes the units' design and programmes and outlines the assessment and selection procedures.
PROMOTION OF CONTINENCE IN MOBILITY GROUPS FOR ELDERLY PEOPLE
Authors: Harrison Sheila M. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThis study involves elderly women who attend mobility groups conducted weekly by physiotherapists employed by the Health Department of Western Australia.It aims to assess the prevalence and severity of micturition disorders in women attending the groups. The effect of adding a specific routine for re‐education of the pelvic floor muscles to the general exercise programme will be evaluated.Analysis of the data shows that micturition disorders are prevalent in elderly women. Regular practise of pelvic floor exercises is shown to decrease nocturia, frequency and stress incontinence of urine and thus reduce some of the morbidity associated with childbearing and the menopause.
THE GERIATRIC ASSESSMENT PROJECT IN TASMANIA
Authors: Atkinson R. , Curran J.T. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractA stale‐wide assessment service for elderly persons at risk of long term residential care was established in Tasmania under the geriatric assessment project. The general goal of the project was to achieve a better match between the needs of the elderly and the allocation of services particularly with regard to nursing home admission. The operation of the assessment teams between 1984 and 1987 is described. Decline in demand for nursing home beds during the second and third year of the teams' operation was attributed to a reduction in inappropriate admissions following assessment.
HOME CARE BEFORE HACC: INTER‐STATE COMPARISONS
Authors: Healy J. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractDespite different delivery systems for home care, similar services were delivered to similar proportions of elderly people in Sydney, Melbourne and Adelaide in 1981. Per capita government expenditure on home care in the three States varied, as did the cost of service delivery. Client characteristics also differed, in that the health‐oriented regional services in Adelaide had more disabled and more poor clients, while local government in Melbourne and local voluntary groups in Sydney served a more mainstream clientele. Substantially more funds have gone to home care through the HACC Program, warranting an analysis of current service patterns, client characteristics and client outcomes.
THE ELDERLY SPEAK TO POLICY: PERSPECTIVES ON CONSUMER INVOLVEMENT IN POLICY AND PROVISION OF SOCIAL CARE SERVICES IN QUEENSLAND
Authors: Brown C. , Halladay A. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACTDespite the rehetoric in commerce that the ‘customer’ is always right and similar claims that in a democracy the policies and services reflect the wishes of the ‘citizen’, little attention seems to have been given to finding out the preferences of elderly people, nor to involving them in defining their needs or the planning of services. This small Queensland study seeks to document the views of elderly recipients and planners and providers concerning consumer involvement in planning social care services. Six potential consumer roles are identified and an analysis presented of some of the factors inhibiting greater consumer participation.
PROVISION OF RESPITE CARE IN A GERIATRIC UNIT — AN EVALUATION
Authors: Munro‐Ashman J. 
Published: December 2008

Respite care has been defined as a temporary relief service for families or primary care givers and has emerged as a vital requirement for those caring for the disabled, and the elderly in the community.Although respite care has been suggested in the United States “as an element in the after care of recently discharged patients or to acquaint patients with the range of services available in a nursing home it remains in Australia as primarily a service which enables care givers to continue to maintain frail elderly people in their own homes. This review was undertaken to examine whether there might also be a measureable benefit for disabled and elderly individuals themselves, an issue which appears to have been neglected by researchers and service providers alike.Four beds in a geriatric unit in a general hospital were set aside for respite care for one year. Of the 96 patients referred for such care 43% benefited from additional diagnosis, 40% required medication alteration and 37.5% additional community services. At discharge although 4 patients stayed beyond their allotted time for other reasons no relatives refused to care again for their relative. At review in Jan 1985 38 were still alive and in the community, 23 had died and 13 were in nursing homes, It is argued that there are benefits in providing respite care in geriatric units.SummaryFour beds in a geriatric unit in a general hospital were set aside for respite care for one year. Of the 96 patients referred for such care 43% benefitted from additional diagnosis, 40% required medication alteration and 37.5% additional community services. At discharge although 4 patients stayed beyond their allotted time for other reasons no relatives refused to care again for their relative. At review in Jan 1985, 38 were still alive and in the community, 23 had died and 13 were in nursing homes. It is argued that there are benefits in providing respite care in geriatric units.
THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A GERIATRIC PAIN CLINIC — A PRELIMINARY REPORT OF THE FIRST 100 PATIENTS.
Authors: Helme R.D. , Katz B. , Neufeld M. , Lachal S. , Herbert J. , Corran T. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACTA multidisciplinary pain management clinic specifically catering for the geriatric population, has been established in Melbourne and an analysis of the first 100 patients is presented. The major pathological problems referred to the clinic have been musculoskeletal disease (45) and post‐herpetic neuralgia (18). A third major category of patients had no identifiable pathological process to account for their pain. Using a variety of measurement scales at least 50% of patients were considered to benefit from attendance at the clinic. It is considered that a pain clinic for the elderly is of value for a patient group often considered difficult to manage; it combines expertise in treatment of age specific pain syndromes with the holistic approach to the care of the elderly.
‘AGEING’: A MULTIDISCIPLINARY SOCIAL SCIENCES UNDERGRADUATE TOPIC AT FLINDERS UNIVERSITY
Authors: Healy J. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT‘Ageing’ is a popular multidisciplinary semester‐length option, taken by undergraduate students in the School of Social Sciences. The discipline contributions come mainly from Geography, Psychology and Social Administration. The emphasis is upon a social sciences education about ageing rather than the provision of vocational training. The topic particularly attracts women and older students who generally achieve good results.
AGEISM: INTEGRATING RESEARCH WITH EDUCATION AND PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE
Authors: Russell C. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACTThis paper argues that Australian research in gerontology is dominated by a focus on ‘problems’ and ‘care issues’ which exactly parallel and thereby actively reinforce prevailing myths and stereotypes about old people. Illustration is drawn from recently completed research on the cultural construction of ageing and gender in popular Australian media, and the implications for education and professional practice are explored.
THE ANU AGEING AND THE FAMILY PROJECT
Authors: Kendig H. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACTThis article provides an overview of the Ageing and the Family Project conducted from 1980 to 1986 at the Australian National University. The development of the Project is reviewed in the context of Australian gerontology over this period. The research agenda is outlined and key findings are summarised on family relationships, population ageing, and related policy issues. Emphasis is placed on the potential and challenges of carrying out applied, policy‐relevant research by a multidisciplinary team. The article concludes by assessing strengths and weaknesses of the ANU Ageing Project and directions for the future development of Australian gerontology.
AGE, EXERCISE AND THE MUSCULO‐SKELETAL SYSTEM
Authors: Twomey L. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACTA striking cultural feature of most of Western society is the expectation that the elderly will become progressively more sedentary, increasingly indolent and gradually more febrile until they are eventually unable to cope for themselves. There is the perception that old people do not need to exercise to any great extent, that exercise may be harmful to the elderly and that older people in exercise are most unattractive. Advertising emphasises that exercise is for the young and encourages a belief that the elderly should take life easily as reward for a lifetime's work.Research into musculo‐skeletal structure and performance has clearly shown the necessity for high levels of exercise activity through the whole life span. Inactivity is associated with a decline in muscle bulk, strength and endurance; an increase in joint stiffness and a decline in the individual's ability to respond to rapid environment change.All of the above changes are markedly improved by exercise, even in the very elderly. This paper discusses current research into the effect of ageing and exercise on the musculo‐skeletal system of the body, and demonstrates the necessity for continued high levels of physical activity into old age.
The Integration of Research, Education and Practice in Gerontology: SOCIAL WORK EDUCATION AT THE UNIVERSITY OF QUEENSLAND
Authors: Rosenman L. , Wilson J. , Setterlund D. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACTA brief outline of features of the aged population and services for the aged in Queensland, one Australian state, is given as a background to describing one approach to gerontology education within the University of Queensland Social Work Faculty. The challenges and tasks of curriculum development in relation to gerontology in a generic undergraduate course are described. Specific training in gerontology at a theoretical and practical level is provided through field practicums in an institution for the aged and proposals to extend this to a community based practice‐research program for the aged are outlined. Current research programs that will relate to this program to give a combined approach to social work, social policy and ageing are described.
COMMUNITY CARE FOR DEMENTIA SUFFERERS
Authors: Mykyta L.J. , Lovell G. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACTA programme of intensive domiciliary support for dementia sufferers operating as part of a regional geriatric service is described in detail and illustrated with a case study.It is argued that domiciliary support for people with advanced dementia and limited social support is feasible and cost‐effective.
KID'S PALS: AN INTERGENERATIONAL COMMUNITY PROJECT
Authors: Austin A. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT“Kids Pals” is an intergenerational project which has been running in the Eastern Suburbs of Sydney since 1985. It was designed to link children who are behind in their reading with an understanding and caring elderly person. The project addresses the myth of aged persons as dependent and a drain on the community and provides benefits for both the children and the elderly volunteers.
PROVISIONS MADE FOR ETHNIC PATIENTS IN NURSING HOMES
Authors: Legge V. , Westbrook M.T. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACTAustralia's aged population is rapidly expanding, and people from non‐English speaking backgrounds are the most rapidly increasing sector of that population. Although many expressions of concern and disquiet are voiced, very little detailed knowledge exists about the institutional response to this changing clientele of nursing homes. A questionnaire survey of nursing home matrons in Sydney resulted in 163 responses. These provided information regarding the special provisions made for ethnic patients, the difficulties encountered in making provisions, the strategies used to deal with such problems and matrons' general attitudes regarding these issues. Catering for food preferences was the provision most frequently made but also the custom most difficult to accommodate. Family involvement was seen as the most useful strategy in coping with problems. Matrons expressed a strong desire for more interpreters and more information on ethnic needs. Significant differences were found in the provisions made by private and charitable homes but not in their matrons' attitudes.
METHODOLOGICAL ISSUES IN RESEARCH OF THE AGED IN INSTITUIONAL CARE
Authors: Thomas T. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACTAlthough studies of institutionalization of the aged are numerous, in many cases inadequate research designs have been employed and methodological problems have created serious obstacles to understanding. Many findings are unreliable and not generalizable due to sampling problems. The reliability and validity of measures for predictors and outcome variables were often not established. Serious confounding among measures has not been investigated, and few studies selected their variables on sound theoretical bases. Cross‐sectional and retrospective designs were frequently employed and data analyses have been predominantly qualitative and descriptive. These methodological issues created considerable uncertainty about the effects of institutionalization in gerontological literature.
THE FUTURE OF THE WELFARE STATE IN AGEING: QUESTIONS FROM AN AMERICAN OBSERVER
Authors: Bass S.A. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACTFive different policy questions are raised for Australian welfare planners in ageing based on observations of an American policy analyst. The questions reflect recent trends and directions in public policy both in the United States and Australia. Through these questions and through discussion, the author identifies concepts that may lead to programs which are more effective and responsive to the diversity of elders in these two nations.