bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘One millimetre equals one degree’ is a major source of inaccuracy in planning osteotomies around the knee for metaphyseal deformities compared to the digital planning
Authors: Charre Dimitri , An Jae‐Sung , Khakha Raghbir , Kley Kristian , Şahbat Yavuz , Ollivier Matthieu 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPurposeThe objective of this study was to compare the accuracy of virtually performed osteotomies around the knee. The comparison was made between the Miniaci method (method 1), considered the gold standard planning, with the widely held dogma that one degree of correction required equates to one millimetre of opening/closing (method 2).MethodsThis retrospective cross‐sectional study was conducted between December 2018 and September 2022 in patients aged at least 15 years with metaphyseal knee deformity. Osteotomy planning was performed in methods 1 and 2 utilising calibrated long‐leg alignment X‐rays in the frontal plane. In both methods, the desired correction was defined by the Fujisawa point. The error % in measurement (ratio method 1/method 2) and the difference in millimetres (method 1 − method 2) between the two methods were analysed.ResultsA total of 107 osteotomies with 27 (25.2%) distal femoral osteotomies, 54 (50.5%) proximal tibial osteotomies and 26 (24.3%) double‐level osteotomies were performed virtually with a mean hip–knee–ankle angle of 176.4 ± 6.6. In distal femur osteotomy, the mean error % between methods 1 and 2 was 38.9 ± 16.7% and 22.4 ± 16.8% for the opening and closing groups, respectively. In proximal tibial osteotomies, the mean error % was 22.7 ± 15.6% and 9 ± 10.8% for the opening and closing groups, respectively. In double‐level osteotomy, the mean error % of femur‐based corrections was 34.9 ± 19% and 19.5 ± 21% for the opening and closing groups, respectively, and the mean error of the tibial‐based corrections was 26.4 ± 12.1% for the opening group and 10.8 ± 10% for the closing group, respectively.ConclusionPlanning one millimeter per degree of desired correction for osteotomies around the knee in metaphyseal deformities is a major source of error when compared with digital planning using the Miniaci method. This was seen most frequently with osteotomies of the distal femur and all opening wedge osteotomies.Level of EvidenceLevel Ⅲ, retrospective cross‐sectional study.
Computational Imaging Encryption with a Steganographic and Holographic Authentication Strategy
Authors: Wang Xiaogang , Zhou Qingming , Zhang Lin , Xue Jidong , Xu Bijun , Yu Xinning , Wang Sheng , Zhang Zhenyu 
Published: March 2024

AbstractRobust data security is of paramount importance, particularly for highly classified information. To achieve this, advanced encryption and decryption methods, along with stringent access control and physical security measures, are essential to mitigate the risk of unauthorized access and data exposure. Ghost imaging (GI), a computational imaging technique that operates indirectly, offers a distinct approach compared to traditional spatially resolved imaging techniques. By utilizing computational algorithms, GI enables indirect image reconstruction, making it well‐suited for encryption applications. This proposal introduces a new computational imaging encryption scheme that combines Fourier ghost imaging (FGI) and computational holography. The scheme utilizes an untrained‐tree‐network to generate two camouflaged computer‐generated holograms (CGHs). Integration of CGH‐based steganography and holographic authentication enhances the encoding and decoding processes of FGI encryption. The effectiveness and security of the proposed scheme are rigorously validated through numerical simulations and optical experiments. The results demonstrate promising potential for effectively merging direct and indirect imaging methods in security applications.
Machine Learning for Engineering Meta‐Atoms with Tailored Multipolar Resonances
Authors: Li Wenhao , Barati Sedeh Hooman , Tsvetkov Dmitrii , Padilla Willie J. , Ren Simiao , Malof Jordan , Litchinitser Natalia M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn the rapidly developing field of nanophotonics, machine learning (ML) methods facilitate the multi‐parameter optimization processes and serve as a valuable technique in tackling inverse design challenges by predicting nanostructure designs that satisfy specific optical property criteria. However, while considerable efforts have been devoted to applying ML for designing the overall spectral response of photonic nanostructures, often without elucidating the underlying physical mechanisms, physics‐based models remain largely unexplored. Here, physics‐empowered forward and inverse ML models to design dielectric meta‐atoms with controlled multipolar responses are introduced. By utilizing the multipole expansion theory, the forward model efficiently predicts the scattering response of meta‐atoms with diverse shapes and the inverse model designs meta‐atoms that possess the desired multipole resonances. Implementing the inverse design model, uniquely shaped meta‐atoms with enhanced higher‐order magnetic resonances and those supporting a super‐scattering regime of light‐matter interactions resulting in nearly five‐fold enhancement of scattering beyond the single‐channel limit are designed. Finally, an ML model to predict the wavelength‐dependent electric field distribution inside and near the meta‐atom is developed. The proposed ML based models will likely facilitate uncovering new regimes of linear and nonlinear light‐matter interaction at the nanoscale as well as a versatile toolkit for nanophotonic design.
How does digital transformation promote total factor productivity? Strategy, technology, and application
Authors: Liu Wenjing , Liu Caixia , Luo Jing , Liu Feng 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTo examine the productivity paradox in the digital era, we explore the impact of digital transformation (DT) on total factor productivity (TFP). Based on a large sample of Chinese manufacturing firms, this study conducts a machine learning approach to examine the effects of DT on TFP at the strategy, technology, and application levels. The results indicate that blockchain, DT strategy, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, DT application, and big data, in ascending order of importance, positively affect TFP. Overall, this study enriches DT literature by verifying the impact of DT indexes on TFP and helps companies make decisions when undertaking DT implementation.
Bullous pemphigoid is a rare autoimmune skin disease that affects the scalp: A case report
Authors: Sunil Kumar Salkapuram , Elumalai Karthikeyan , Subramaniyan Navaneetha Krishnan , Sivannan Srinivasan , Srinivasan Sivaneswari 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPemphigoid, a rare autoimmune skin disease affecting the elderly, requires effective pharmacy management. This includes medication therapy, patient education, and counseling. Understanding pharmacokinetics and potential drug interactions are crucial for optimal treatment and minimizing adverse effects. In this case, the patient is a 65‐year‐old male who was diagnosed with pemphigoid 2 months ago. He is currently taking prednisone, an oral corticosteroid, to manage the symptoms. The pharmacist plays a crucial role in medication therapy by monitoring the patient's response to the medication and adjusting the dosage if necessary. Additionally, patient education is vital in ensuring that the patient understands the importance of adherence to the medication regimen and the potential side effects. The pharmacist can also provide counseling on lifestyle modifications and self‐care measures to alleviate symptoms and improve the quality of life. Overall, effective pharmacy management is essential for optimizing treatment outcomes and promoting patient well‐being in pemphigoid cases. The pharmacist's role in pemphigoid cases is crucial for effective medication management and patient education. They monitor the patient's response to treatment, make necessary adjustments, and empower them to take an active role in managing their condition. This approach ultimately improves the overall well‐being of patients with pemphigoid.
Pulmonary MRI with hyperpolarized xenon‐129 demonstrates novel alterations in gas transfer across the air‐blood barrier in asthma
Authors: Qing Kun , Altes Talissa A. , Mugler John P. , Tustison Nicholas J. , Mata  , Ruppert Kai , Komlosi Peter , Feng Xue , Nie Ke , Zhao Li , Wang Zhixing , Hersman F. William , Ruset Iulian C. , Liu Bo , Shim Yun Michael , Teague William Gerald 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundIndividuals with asthma can vary widely in clinical presentation, severity, and pathobiology. Hyperpolarized xenon‐129 (Xe129) MRI is a novel imaging method to provide 3‐D mapping of both ventilation and gas exchange in the human lung.PurposeTo evaluate the functional changes in adults with asthma as compared to healthy controls using Xe129 MRI.MethodsAll subjects (20 controls and 20 asthmatics) underwent lung function measurements and Xe129 MRI on the same day. Outcome measures included the pulmonary ventilation defect and transfer of inspired Xe129 into two soluble compartments: tissue and blood. Ten asthmatics underwent Xe129 MRI before and after bronchodilator to test whether gas transfer measures change with bronchodilator effects.ResultsInitial analysis of the results revealed striking differences in gas transfer measures based on age, hence we compared outcomes in younger (n = 24, ≤ 35 years) versus older (n = 16, > 45 years) asthmatics and controls. The younger asthmatics exhibited significantly lower Xe129 gas uptake by lung tissue (Asthmatic: 0.98% ± 0.24%, Control: 1.17% ± 0.12%, P = 0.035), and higher Xe129 gas transfer from tissue to the blood (Asthmatic: 0.40 ± 0.10, Control: 0.31% ± 0.03%, P = 0.035) than the younger controls. No significant difference in Xe129 gas transfer was observed in the older group between asthmatics and controls (P > 0.05). No significant change in Xe129 transfer was observed before and after bronchodilator treatment.ConclusionsBy using Xe129 MRI, we discovered heterogeneous alterations of gas transfer that have associations with age. This finding suggests a heretofore unrecognized physiological derangement in the gas/tissue/blood interface in young adults with asthma that deserves further study.
A Social Media Quality Review of Popular Sinusitis Videos on TikTok
Authors: Dimitroyannis Rose , Fenton David , Cho Stella , Nordgren Rachel , Pinto Jayant M. , Roxbury Christopher R. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveSocial media may inform health care decisions among younger patient populations. TikTok is a social media platform that allows users to post short‐form videos. This study aimed to assess the quality of sinusitis‐related videos on TikTok.Study DesignWe searched TikTok on January 29, 2023, for sinusitis‐related hashtags: #sinusitis, #sinus, #sinusinfection.SettingInternet.MethodsThe number of views/shares per day, uploader type (nonmedical influencer, lay individual, and medical professional) content categories (medical advice, marketing, comedy, and lifestyle/acceptability), and content type (educational vs factual) were collected. The Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool for Audiovisual Material and Journal of the American Medical Association criteria score was used to measure understandability, actionability, and reliability. The Global Quality Scale (GQS) was used to evaluate the quality of videos; the harm/benefit score was used to evaluate causative effects. Analyses were performed using analysis of variance (α = .05).ResultsThere were 221 videos identified, which garnered over 300 million views and 1 million shares. Almost half of the videos were published by nonmedical influencers. When controlling for covariates, nonmedical influencers and lay uploaders were more likely to have harmful harm/benefit scores, less understandable videos, and lower GQS scores compared to medical professionals. Less than half of videos posted by nonmedical influencers categorized as educational were factual (46.7%); lay individuals and medical professionals had higher rates of factual educational content (79.9% and 83.7%, respectively).ConclusionMost nonmedical influencer‐posted TikTok videos about sinusitis are inaccurate, despite being portrayed as medical advice/educational. Rhinologists must find modern ways to disseminate true disease‐related content via social media to combat medical misinformation.
Upper Respiratory Symptoms as Long COVID: Insight from a Multicenter Cohort Study
Authors: Okada Masahiko , Ishida Noriyuki , Kanzaki Sho , Kawada Ichiro , Nagashima Kengo , Terai Hideki , Hiruma Gaku , Namkoong Ho , Asakura Takanori , Masaki Katsunori , Ohgino Keiko , Miyata Jun , Chubachi Shotaro , Kodama Nobuhiro , Maeda Shunsuke , Sakamoto Satoshi , Okamoto Masaki , Nagasaki Yoji , Umeda Akira , Miyagawa Kazuya , Shimada Hisato , Minami Kazuhiro , Hagiwara Rie , Ishii Makoto , Sato Yasunori , Fukunaga Koichi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the clinical features of long COVID cases presenting with upper respiratory symptoms, a topic not yet fully elucidated.Study DesignProspective cohort study.SettingA multicenter study involving 26 medical facilities in Japan.MethodsInclusion criteria were patients aged ≥18 years old with a confirmed COVID‐19 diagnosis via severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 polymerase chain reaction or antigen testing, who were hospitalized at the participating medical facilities. Analyzing clinical information and patient‐reported outcomes from 1009 patients were analyzed. The outcome measured the degree of initial symptoms for taste or olfactory disorders and assessed the likelihood of these symptoms persisting as long COVID, as well as the impact on quality of life if the upper respiratory symptoms persisted as long COVID.ResultsPatients with high albumin, low C‐reactive protein, and low lactate dehydrogenase in laboratory tests tended to experience taste or olfactory disorders as part of long COVID. Those with severe initial symptoms had a higher risk of experiencing residual symptoms at 3 months, with an odds ratio of 2.933 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.282‐6.526) for taste disorders and 3.534 (95% CI, 1.382‐9.009) for olfactory disorders. Presence of upper respiratory symptoms consistently resulted in lower quality of life scores.ConclusionThe findings from this cohort study suggest that severe taste or olfactory disorders as early COVID‐19 symptoms correlate with an increased likelihood of persistent symptoms in those disorders as long COVID.
Metabolic and elemental profiling as potential discriminating features among the black mahlab seeds (Monechma ciliatum) grown in three different regions
Authors: Mariod Abdalbasit Adam , Tahir Haroon Elrasheid 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntroductionBlack mahlab (Monechma ciliatum) seed is a rich source of metabolites and minerals and is usually believed to have a similar composition between different areas of cultivation. Until now, no studies have assessed changes in black mahlab seeds (BMSs) to determine those constituents that help to discriminate them according to geographical origin.ObjectivesThe present study attempted to compare the metabolomics and elemental profiles of BMSs of different geographical origins and identified the potential markers using ultrahigh‐performance liquid chromatography quadrupole Orbitrap tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC‐Q‐Orbitrap‐MS2), and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS) techniques and established the chemometric model to identify the potential markers and discriminate them according to cultivation sites.Material and methodsIn this work, data from metabolites analysis by UHPLC‐Q‐Orbitrap‐MS2 and multi‐elemental data obtained from ICP‐MS were combined with chemometrics for tracing the geographical origin of BMSs. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to evaluate the overall grouping of samples. In contrast, partial least squares‐discriminant analysis (PLS‐DA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS‐DA) were employed for authentication.ResultsPLS‐DA and OPLS‐DA models were fully validated (R2Y and Q2 values > 0.5). Variable importance of various projections was applied to obtain valuable data about differential elements (seven markers were identified) and metabolites (23 markers were identified) with high discrimination potential. The outcomes presented in this study serve as an appropriate framework for developing novel discrimination approaches in food origin screening.
Is the sequence ratio an unbiased estimate of the incidence rate ratio? A simulation study
Authors: Delvin Thomas , Egsgaard Sofie , Hallas Jesper , Kildegaard Helene , Lund Lars Christian , Rahbek Martin Torp 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPurposeWe aimed to evaluate the conditions under which the sequence ratio (SR) obtained from a sequence symmetry analysis is an unbiased estimate of the true incidence rate ratio (IRR).MethodsWe simulated cohorts of 1 million individuals who could initiate an exposure drug and experience a very rare, rare, common, or frequent outcome of interest. The outcome rate among exposed individuals was modified by a true incidence rate ratio of 0.2, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 5.0. We further evaluated scenarios where the outcome was fatal and led to immediate censoring or the outcome reduced the rate of initiation of the exposure drug.ResultsWe found the SR to be close to unbiased for rare, common, and frequent events, except when the true IRR was 5.0 (mean SR 4.94 and 3.74 for common and frequent events). The SR was slightly biased when the outcome was very rare. When the outcome was potentially fatal, the SR was increasingly biased with an increasing probability of death. Likewise, when the outcome reduced the probability of future exposure, the SR was upwards biased.ConclusionThe SR is a biased estimate of the incidence rate ratio, when the true IRR is high, the outcome has a high mortality, or when the outcome reduces the probability of future exposure.
Targeting glypicans through EGFR and JAK/STAT signaling axes drives breast cancer progression
Authors: Ioannou Paraskevi , Tzaferi Kyriaki , Koutsakis Christos , Piperigkou Zoi , Karamanos Nikos K. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractExtracellular matrix (ECM) and its dynamic remodeling contribute to the progression of breast cancer, the most prevailing cancer type in women. Glypicans (GPCs) function as cell co‐receptors by facilitating the formation of ligand–receptor complexes. An important regulator in the context of breast cancer progression is the JAK/STAT signaling pathway that oversees the expression of genes associated with cancer cell characteristics. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a pivotal player in this process. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of the EGFR and JAK/STAT signaling pathways on GPCs expression in breast cancer cells with different estrogen receptor (ER) status, depicting different breast cancer subtypes. To this end, the ERα‐positive MCF‐7, and the ERβ‐positive MDA‐MB‐231 breast cancer cell lines were evaluated in terms of the impact of downstream inhibition of both pathways on the functional properties as well as the expression of GPCs 1‐6 genes. Notably, the downstream inhibition of both EGFR and JAK/STAT cascades mitigate cell proliferation and migration, while increasing cell adhesion on collagen type I in an ER‐independent manner. However, the inhibition exhibited a cell‐line‐dependent effect on GPC expression, as in MCF‐7 cells GPCs expression is mostly downregulated excepting GPC‐4 and GPC‐5. Conversely, in MDA‐MB‐231 cells, EGFR and JAK/STAT activation is essential for maintaining GPCs at low levels. Additionally, STRING analysis identified the small leucine‐rich PG decorin as a putative link between all GPCs and EGFR. Subsequently, a deeper understanding on the effect of EGFR and JAK/STAT signaling may shed light into the role and interplay between GPCs and decorin in breast cancer progression, thus contributing to novel therapeutic solutions.
Investigation of morphology and volume phase transition of supramacromolecular microgels by NMR spectroscopy and quartz crystal microbalance
Authors: Braun Susanne , Santi Marta , Demco Dan Eugen , Litzen Inga , Uecker Jan , Fechete Radu , Walkowiak Jacek Janusz , Pich Andrij 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMicrogels have a wide range of applications, from catalysis to biomedical applications such as drug delivery in dispersion, or as surface‐attached materials to improve the biocompatibility of implants or as anti‐fouling coatings. The first aim of this work is to understand the morphology of the supramacromolecular, tannic acid (TA) crosslinked microgels using two‐dimensional 1H NMR spectroscopy, and relaxometry. The second aim is to study the volume phase transition (VPT) of TA‐crosslinked microgels with different crosslinker densities in dispersion using NMR. In this context, 1H high‐resolution NMR spectroscopy is used in combination with the two‐state model and the Boltzmann sigmoidal function to determine thermodynamic quantities of the VPT, such as temperature (Tt), width of transition (ΔTt), and change in entropy (ΔS). Third, surface‐deposited microgels are characterized in terms of their VPT using a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM‐D) to study the properties of these microgels for applications where they are used as coatings. Finally, the Tt of microgels supramolecular crosslinked with TA are compared with microgels covalently crosslinked with N,N′‐methylenebisacrylamide (BIS) in dispersion, using NMR, and deposited on a surface, using QCM‐D. For this purpose temperature‐responsive poly(N‐vinylcaprolactam) and poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) microgels crosslinked with the plant‐derived polyphenol TA or BIS are used.
On the Jones‐Wilkins‐Lee equation of state for high explosive products
Authors: Farag Gabriel , Chinnayya Ashwin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe Jones‐Wilkins‐Lee (JWL) model is a widely used Equation Of State (EOS) in the literature to model high explosive products. It is based on exponentially decaying isentropes in the pressure‐volume diagram, completed by an additional term meant to recover an ideal‐gas behavior for large expansions where exponential terms are negligible. A step‐by‐step analysis of the EOS is proposed. Starting from the main isentrope, the constant Grüneisen, and constant isochoric heat capacity, the JWL expressions of pressure, temperature, sound speed, specific internal energy, specific entropy and specific enthalpy are derived. For a specific set of JWL parameters meant to model HMX products, various thermodynamic fields are investigated in pressure–volume and temperature–volume planes. The positivity of pressure and temperature, the convexity, the thermodynamic stability, and the monotonicity along an Hugoniot are investigated in order to characterize the JWL domain of validity. For each of these constraints, different regions of validity are found. Besides presenting a study of the JWL model and its limits, this work also provides a standalone presentation and derivation containing the necessary materials for the understanding and for the use of the JWL EOS in reactive hydrodynamic simulations of condensed phase explosives.