bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Percutaneous ultrasound-guided radiofrequency heat ablation for treatment of hyperthyroidism in cats
Authors: Mallery Kevin F. , Pollard Rachel E. , Nelson Richard W. , Hornof William J. , Feldman Edward C. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine efficacy and safety of percutaneous radiofrequency heat ablation for treatment of hyperthyroidism in cats.Design—Prospective study.Animals—9 cats.Procedure—Hyperthyroidism was diagnosed via clinical signs and high serum total (TT4) and free thyroxine (fT4) concentrations. One or 2 hyperfunctional cervical thyroid nodules were detected by use of scintigraphy and ultrasonography. If cats had 1 abnormal thyroid lobe, heat ablation was performed on that lobe; if cats had 2 abnormal lobes, heat ablation was applied to the larger lobe. Overall, heat ablation was performed 14 times in the 9 cats. Clinical signs and serum TT4, fT4, and calcium concentrations were monitored daily for 2 days after the procedure, weekly for the first month, and then monthly. Laryngeal function was evaluated and cervical ultrasonography and thyroid scintigraphy were also performed. Monitoring continued for as long as 9 months after heat ablation if a cat became euthyroid or until an owner chose an alternative treatment because of recurrence of hyperthyroidism.Results—Serum TT4and fT4concentrations transiently decreased after all 14 heat ablation procedures (≤ reference range after 10 of 14 treatments) within 2 days after the procedure. Cats were euthyroid for 0 to 18 months (mean, 4 months). Hyperthyroidism recurred in all cats. Adverse effects included transient Horner's syndrome (2 cats) and laryngeal paralysis without clinical signs (1 cat).Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Percutaneous heat ablation as a treatment for hyperthyroidism in cats is effective transiently but not permanently. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2003;223:1602–1607)
Analysis of risk factors for recurrent airway obstruction in North American horses: 1,444 cases (1990–1999)
Authors: Couëtil Laurent L. , Ward Michael P. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To identify risk factors for recurrent airway obstruction (RAO) among horses examined at veterinary teaching hospitals in North America.Design—Retrospective case-control study.Animals—1,444 horses with RAO and 1,444 control horses examined for other reasons.Procedure—The Veterinary Medical Database was searched for records of horses in which RAO was diagnosed. A control group was identified by randomly selecting a horse with a diagnosis other than RAO that matched the institution and year of admission for each of the horses with RAO. Information obtained included hospital, admission year and month, age, sex, breed, and discharge status. The association between risk factors and diagnosis of RAO was estimated with logistic regression models.Results—The risk of RAO increased significantly with age, with horses ≥ 7 years old being 6 to 7 times as likely to have RAO as were horses ≤ 4 years old. Thoroughbreds were 3 times as likely to have RAO as were ponies. Horses were 1.6 and 1.5 times as likely to be examined because of RAO during winter and spring, respectively, than they were during summer.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest that RAO was more likely to be diagnosed in females, horses ≥ 4 years old, and Thoroughbreds and that RAO has a seasonal distribution. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2003;223:1645–1650)
Evaluation of the bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of two extended-release theophylline formulations in dogs
Authors: Bach Jonathan F. , Kukanich Butch , Papich Mark G. , McKiernan Brendan C. 
Published: December 2005

Abstract

Objective—To evaluate the bioavailability and pharmacokinetic
characteristics of 2 commercially available
extended-release theophylline formulations in
dogs.

Design—Randomized 3-way crossover study.

Animals—6 healthy adult dogs.

Procedure—A single dose of aminophylline (11 mg·kg–1
[5 mg·lb–1], IV, equivalent to 8.6 mg of theophylline/kg
[3.9 mg·lb–1]) or extended-release theophylline tablets
(mean dose, 15.5 mg·kg–1 [7.04 mg·lb–1], PO) or capsules
(mean dose, 15.45 mg·kg–1 [7.02 mg·lb–1], PO) was
administered to all dogs. Blood samples were obtained
at various times for 36 hours after dosing; plasma was
separated and immediately frozen. Plasma samples
were analyzed by use of fluorescence polarization
immunoassay.

Results—Administration of theophylline IV best fit a
2-compartment model with rapid distribution followed
by slow elimination. Administration of extended-release
theophylline tablets and capsules best fit a 1-
compartment model with an absorption phase. Mean
values for plasma terminal half-life, volume of distribution,
and systemic clearance were 8.4 hours, 0.546
L·kg–1, and 0.780 mL·kg–1·min–1, respectively, after IV
administration of theophylline. Systemic availability
was > 80% for both oral formulations. Computer simulations
predicted that extended-release theophylline
tablets or capsules administered at a dosage of 10
mg·kg–1 (4.5 mg·lb–1), PO, every 12 hours would maintain
plasma concentrations within the desired therapeutic
range of 10 to 20 µg·mL–1.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results of
these single-dose studies indicated that administration
of the specific brand of extended-release theophylline
tablets or capsules used in this study at a
dosage of 10 mg·kg–1, PO, every 12 hours would
maintain plasma concentrations within the desired
therapeutic range (10 to 20 µg·mL–1) in healthy dogs.
(J Am Vet Med Assoc 2004;224:1113–1119)
Evaluation of suspected pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction in horses with laminitis
Authors: Donaldson Mark T. , Jorgensen Alec J. R. , Beech Jill 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine prevalence and clinical features of pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID) in horses with laminitis.Design—Case series.Animals—40 horses with laminitis.Procedures—Horses with laminitis that survived an initial episode of pain and were not receiving medications known to alter the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis were tested for PPID by evaluation of endogenous plasma ACTH concentration. Signalment, suspected cause, month of onset and duration of laminitis, Obel grade of lameness, pedal bone rotation, physical examination findings, results of endocrine function tests, treatment, outcome, and postmortem examination findings were recorded.Results—Prevalence of PPID as defined by a single high plasma ACTH concentration was 70%. Median age of horses suspected of having PPID (n = 28) was 15.5 years, and median age of horses without PPID (12) was 14.5 years. Laminitis occurred most frequently in horses with and without suspected PPID during September and May, respectively. Chronic laminitis was significantly more common in horses suspected of having PPID. In horses suspected of having PPID, the most common physical examination findings included abnormal body fat distribution, bulging supraorbital fossae, and hirsutism. Five horses suspected of having PPID had no clinical abnormalities other than laminitis. Seventeen horses suspected of having PPID that were treated with pergolide survived, and 3 horses that were not treated survived.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Evidence of PPID is common among horses with laminitis in a primary-care ambulatory setting. Horses with laminitis may have PPID without other clinical signs commonly associated with the disease. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2004;224:1123–1127)
Evaluation of an epidemic of sporotrichosis in cats: 347 cases (1998–2001)
Authors: Schubach Tânia M. P. , Schubach Armando , Okamoto Thais , Barros Mônica B. L. , Figueiredo Fabiano Borges , Cuzzi Tullia , Fialho-Monteiro Paulo C. , Reis Rosani S. , Perez Mauricio A. , Wanke Bodo 
Published: December 2005

Abstract

Objective—To evaluate characteristics of a large epidemic
of sporotrichosis in cats.

Design-—Retrospective study.

Animals-—347 cats with naturally acquired infection
with Sporothrix schenckii.

Procedure—Medical records were reviewed for data
regarding clinical, mycologic, histopathologic, and routine
hematologic and serum biochemical findings;
assays for FIV-specific antibodies and FeLV antigen;
antifungal treatment; and follow-up.

Results—Lesions varied from small papules to extensive
zones of necrosis. Ten cats had no skin lesions, 114
had skin lesions at a single site, 86 had skin lesions in
2 sites, and 137 had skin lesions in 3 or more sites.
Respiratory tract signs were observed in 154 cats and
were the most frequent extracutaneous sign. Anemia,
leukocytosis with neutrophilia, hypoalbuminemia, and
hyperglobulinemia were the main blood abnormalities.
Antibodies against FIV were detected in 28 cats, FeLV
antigen was detected in 2 cats, and both were detected
in 1 cat among 142 cats tested. During the study,
118 cats were lost to follow-up and 124 died. Of 266
cats that were treated, 68 were cured. Complete healing
of the lesions was observed regardless of the presence
of extracutaneous signs, general condition, treatment
schedule, or coinfection with FIV.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Feline
sporotrichosis was evident in subclinical to severe
forms; however, cats can respond well to regular and
prolonged antifungal treatment. (J Am Vet Med Assoc
2004;224:1623–1629)
Evaluation of owner education as a component of obesity treatment programs for dogs
Authors: Yaissle Jill E. , Holloway Cheryl , Buffington C. A. Tony 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To compare results of a conventional obesity treatment program with those of an obesity treatment program that included education of owners of obese dogs.Design—Nonblinded prospective clinical trial.Animals—60 obese dogs with a body condition score (BCS) of 8/9 or 9/9.Procedure—Dogs were randomly assigned to control or owner education (EDU) treatment groups. A 6- month weight loss period was followed by an 18- month weight maintenance period. Daily caloric intake to induce loss of 1% of body weight/wk was calculated for each dog after assessment of prior diet history. The daily caloric intake for weight maintenance was estimated to be 20% greater than that calculated for weight loss with adjustments of ± 5% as required. Weight and BCS were recorded monthly for each dog. Owners of dogs in the EDU group were required to attend monthly classes that addressed nutrition-related topics during the 6-month weight loss period.Results—Dogs in both treatment groups had significantly lower weight at the end of the weight loss period, compared with initial weight. Mean weight loss at 6 months was 14.7% in the control group and 15% in the EDU group; this difference was not significant. During the weight maintenance period, percentage weight loss was maintained in both treatment groups. Mean changes in BCS at 6 months (relative to time 0) were –1.5 in the control group and –1.7 in the EDU group. At 24 months, mean changes in BCS (relative to time 0) were –2.1 in the control group and –2.2 in the EDU group. No significant differences in BCS were identified between treatment groups at either 6 or 24 months.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Mean decrease in BCS of 2 and mean weight loss of 15% were achieved and maintained in all dogs. An obesity treatment program that included dietary changes and monthly weight checks during the weight loss and weight maintenance periods was sufficient to achieve these results. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2004;224:1932–1935)
Evaluation of techniques and outcomes of mitral valve repair in dogs
Authors: Griffiths Leigh G. , Orton E. Christopher , Boon June A. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To describe surgical techniques for and assess outcome of treatment of mitral regurgitation in dogs.Design—Uncontrolled prospective study.Animals—18 dogs with naturally occurring mitral regurgitation.Procedure—All dogs weighed > 5 kg (11 lb) and had severe mitral regurgitation, congestive heart failure (CHF), and no serious noncardiac disease. Left ventricular volume indices, left atrial size, and degree of mitral regurgitation were determined echocardiographically before and after surgery. Repair techniques included circumferential annuloplasty, placement of artificial chordae, chordal fenestration and papillary muscle splitting, and edge-to-edge repair. Factors predictive for surgery survival and resolution of CHF were determined.Results—12 dogs survived surgery. Factors predictive for surgery survival included weight > 10 kg (22 lb) and CHF of less than 6 months' duration. In 9 dogs, CHF resolved for a median period of 1 year (range, 4 months to 3 years) after surgery. One dog had stable CHF at 12 months. One dog died as a result of progressive CHF; another was euthanatized for a noncardiac reason. Left ventricular diastolic volume index was 226.9 ± 117.7 cm3/m2before surgery and 134.9 ± 70.4 cm3/m2at 6 months after surgery (n = 10). Factors predictive for resolution of CHF included left ventricular diastolic volume index < 250 cm3/m2and systolic volume index < 70 cm3/m2.Conclusion and Clinical Relevance—Mitral valve repair may resolve CHF in dogs with severe mitral regurgitation, particularly in dogs that weigh > 10 kg and are treated within 6 months of the onset of CHF. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2004;224:1941–1945)
Idiopathic lymphoplasmacytic rhinitis in dogs: 37 cases (1997–2002)
Authors: Windsor Rebecca C. , Johnson Lynelle R. , Herrgesell Eric J. , De Cock Hilde E. V. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine clinical signs and rhinoscopic, computed tomographic, and histologic abnormalities in dogs with idiopathic lymphoplasmacytic rhinitis.Design—Retrospective case series.Animals—37 dogs.Procedure—Clinical information was obtained from medical records. Nasal computed tomographic images and histologic slides of biopsy specimens were reviewed.Results—Dogs ranged from 1.5 to 14 years old (mean, 8 years); most (28) were large-breed dogs. Nasal discharge was unilateral in 11 of 26 (42%) dogs and bilateral in 15 of 26 (58%) dogs. In dogs with unilateral disease, duration of clinical signs ranged from 1.5 to 36 months (mean, 8.25 months; median, 2 months), and in dogs with bilateral disease, duration of signs ranged from 1.25 to 30 months (mean, 6.5 months; median, 4 months). Computed tomography (n = 33) most often revealed fluid accumulation (27/33 [82%]), turbinate destruction (23/33 [70%]), and frontal sinus opacification (14/33 [42%]). Rhinoscopy (n = 37) commonly demonstrated increased mucus and epithelial inflammation; turbinate destruction was detected in 8 of 37 (22%) dogs. Bilateral biopsy specimens from all 37 dogs were examined. Four dogs had only unilateral inflammatory changes. The remaining 33 dogs had bilateral lesions; in 20, lesions were more severe on 1 side than the other.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Findings suggest that idiopathic lymphoplasmacytic rhinitis is a key contributor to chronic nasal disease in dogs and may be more common than previously believed. In addition, findings suggest that idiopathic lymphoplasmacytic rhinitis is most often a bilateral disease, even among dogs with unilateral nasal discharge. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2004; 224:1952–1957)
Serovar-specific prevalence and risk factors for leptospirosis among dogs: 90 cases (1997–2002)
Authors: Ward Michael P. , Guptill Lynn F. , Prahl Annalisa , Ching Wu Ching 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To estimate serovar-specific prevalence of leptospirosis by use of veterinary teaching hospital and laboratory submission data; describe annual and seasonal patterns of leptospirosis; and identify risk factors for age, sex, and breed.Design—Retrospective study.Animals—90 dogs with leptospirosis.Procedures—Hospital records of dogs examined at Purdue University Veterinary Teaching Hospital with a diagnosis of leptospirosis and laboratory records of dogs from which sera were tested for antibodies againstLeptospiraspp at Purdue University Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory from 1997 through 2002 were reviewed. The likely infectingLeptospiraserovar was identified. Seasonal and annual prevalences were calculated by use of hospital population at risk (hospital cases) or serologic testing submissions (diagnostic laboratory cases). Age-, sex-, and breed-specific risk factors for hospital cases were estimated by odds ratios.Results—Of the 39 hospitalized dogs identified, 34 had been serologically tested, and 22 of those were infected withLeptospira kirschneriserovar grippotyphosa. Of the 51 diagnostic laboratory cases, 59% had a reciprocal titer ≥ 800 against serovar grippotyphosa. Diagnostic laboratory cases were more common in summer, whereas hospital cases of leptospirosis were more common in fall. Male dogs were at significantly greater risk of leptospirosis than female dogs; and dogs 4 to 6.9 years old were at significantly greater risk than dogs < 1 year old.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—L kirschneriserovar grippotyphosa infection was associated with most cases of leptospirosis in dogs. Use of an effective vaccine that includes this serovar is advisable for dogs at risk of leptospirosis. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2004;224:1958–1963)
Bacterial meningitis and brain abscesses secondary to infectious disease processes involving the head in horses: seven cases (1980–2001)
Authors: Smith Jennifer J. , Provost Patricia J. , Paradis Mary Rose 
Published: December 2005

Abstract

Objective—To determine clinical features of horses
with bacterial meningitis or brain abscesses secondary
to infectious disease processes involving the
head.

Design—Retrospective study.

Animals—7 adult horses.

Procedure—Medical records of Tufts University, the
University of Pennsylvania, and the Livestock Disease
Diagnostic Center (Lexington, Ky) were reviewed to
identify adult (> 12 months old) horses in which a
postmortem diagnosis of bacterial meningitis or brain
abscess had been made. Horses were included in the
study if an intracranial infection was confirmed, the
horse had a primary infectious disease process involving
the head, and there were no signs of systemic
infection.

Results—23 adult horses with bacterial meningitis or
a brain abscess were examined during the study period,
but only 7 met the criteria for inclusion in the
study. Primary sites of infection included the
paranasal sinuses, nasal cavity, periocular tissues,
and submandibular lymph nodes. Three horses died
suddenly prior to hospitalization, and 1 horse was
hospitalized but died 7 days after the onset of neurologic
abnormalities. The remaining 3 horses were
euthanatized because of a rapid deterioration in clinical
status.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Although
rare, fatal intracranial complications can develop in
horses with infectious diseases involving the head.
(J Am Vet Med Assoc 2004;224:739–742)
Risk factors for recurrence of clinical signs associated with thoracolumbar intervertebral disk herniation in dogs: 229 cases (1994–2000)
Authors: Mayhew Philipp D. , McLear Robert C. , Ziemer Lisa S. , Culp William T. N. , Russell Kelli N. , Shofer Frances S. , Kapatkin Amy S. , Smith Gail K. 
Published: December 2005

Abstract

Objective—To assess risk factors for recurrence of
clinical signs associated with thoracolumbar intervertebral
disk disease (IVDD) in dogs that had decompressive
laminectomy without attempted prophylactic
treatment of other disk spaces.

Design—Retrospective study.

Animals—229 dogs.

Procedure—Medical records of dogs that had
decompressive laminectomy without prophylactic
fenestration for a first episode of IVDD and were available
for follow-up were reviewed. Information on 7
clinical and 8 radiographic potential risk factors were
recorded.

Results—Clinical signs associated with recurrence of
IVDD developed in 44 (19.2%) dogs. Ninety-six percent
of recurrences developed within 3 years after
surgery. Recurrence developed in 25% of Dachshunds
and 15% of dogs of other breeds combined. Number
of opacified disks was a significant risk factor for recurrence.
Risk increased with number of opacified disks
in an almost linear manner; each opacified disk
increased risk by 1.4 times. Dogs with 5 or 6 opacified
disks at the time of first surgery had a recurrence rate
of 50%.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—When all likely
episodes of recurrence are considered and a long
follow-up period is achieved, true rate of recurrence of
IVDD appears to be higher than in many previous
reports. Dogs with multiple opacified disks at the
time of first surgery should be considered a high-risk
subpopulation. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 2004;225:
1231–1236)
Evaluation of early fetal loss induced by gavage with eastern tent caterpillars in pregnant mares
Authors: Bernard William V. , LeBlanc Michelle M. , Webb Bruce A. , Stromberg Arnold J. 
Published: December 2005

Abstract

Objective—To determine whether gavage of pregnant
mares (housed without access to pasture) with
starved eastern tent caterpillars (ETCs) or their excreta
is associated with early fetal loss (EFL), panophthalmitis,
or pericarditis.

Design—Randomized clinical trial.

Animals—15 mares.

Procedure—15 mares with fetuses from 40 to 80
days of gestation (dGa) were randomly assigned to
1 of 3 groups and received 2.5 g of ETC excreta, 50
g of starved ETCs, or 500 mL of water, respectively,
once daily for 10 days. Mares were housed in
box stalls, walked twice daily, and not allowed
access to pasture for 12 days before or during the
21-day trial.

Results—4 of 5 mares gavaged with starved ETCs
(group 2) aborted on trial days 8 (2 mares), 10, and
13. No control mares or mares that received excreta
aborted. Differences between the ETC group and
other groups were significant. Abortion occurred on
49, 64, 70, and 96 dGa. Allantoic fluids became
hyperechoic the day before or the day of fetal death.
Alpha streptococci were recovered from 1 fetus and
Serratia marcescens from 3 fetuses. Neither
panophthalmitis nor pericarditis was seen. The abortifacient
component of the ETCs was not elucidated.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—These findings
suggest that mares with fetuses from 40 to 120 days
of gestation should not be exposed to ETCs because
they may induce abortion. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 2004;
225:717–721)
High‐Performance and Stable Organic Thin‐Film Transistors Based on Fused Thiophenes
Authors: Sun Y. M. , Ma Y. Q. , Liu Y. Q. , Lin Y. Y. , Wang Z. Y. , Wang Y. , Di C. A. , Xiao K. , Chen X. M. , Qiu W. F. , Zhang B. , Yu G. , Hu W. P. , Zhu D. B. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractA series of new organic semiconductors for organic thin‐film transistors (OTFTs) using dithieno[3,2‐b:2′,3′‐d]thiophene as the core are synthesized. Their electronic and optical properties are investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), UV‐vis and photoluminescence spectroscopies, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The compounds exhibit an excellent field‐effect performance with a high mobility of 0.42 cm2 V–1 s–1 and an on/off ratio of 5 × 106. XRD patterns reveal these films, grown by vacuum deposition, to be highly crystalline, and SEM reveals well‐interconnected, microcrystalline domains in these films at room temperature. TGA and DSC demonstrate that the phenyl‐substituted compounds possess excellent thermal stability. Furthermore, weekly shelf‐life tests (under ambient conditions) of the OTFTs based on the phenyl‐substituted compounds show that the mobility for the bis(diphenyl)‐substituted thiophene was almost unchanged for more than two months, indicating a high environmental stability.