bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Further Improvements to classical standard precipitation index (SPI) calculations
Authors: Şen Zekâi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Global warming coupled climate change impacts show their end results in the form of extreme events including floods and droughts. Droughts are creeping phenomena and their prediction is more related to precipitation events and in many parts of the world droughts occurrences become temporally and spatially effective. In the literature, there is the concept of standard precipitation index (SPI) that provide classification of the drought based on the standard normal (Gaussian( probability distribution function (PDF) which is a product of the original time series record data PDF that may have various forms such as Gamma, Weibull, Log-Normal, Pearson, and like. As for SPI there are publications that are based on statistical standardization procedure whereas it should be probabilistic standardization methodology. On the other hand, many publications concentrate on conversion of the original PDF of the time series to Gamma PDF and then apply the normalization procedure. In this paper conversion of any PDF to Gamma PDF is noticed as misconception except in the case of original PDF confirms with Gamma PDF: It is well known that almost all hydro-meteorology time series have various PDF not abide with Gamma PDF: The mistakes of conversion to Gamma PDF prior to SPI is explained verbally and numerically and the genuine proper SPI procedure methodology is proposed in detail. The application of the proposed methodology is given for seven meteorology station records from seven internal climate zones of Türkiye.
Construction and optimization of ecological security patterns based on ecosystem services in the Wuhan metropolitan area
Authors: Chen Beiling , Zhu Jianhua , Liu Huayan , Zeng Lixiong , Li Fuhua , Xiao Zhiyan , Duan Yixuan , Xiao Wenfa 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Context: Rapid urbanization has affected ecosystem stability, which can be effectively mitigated by building an Ecological Security Pattern (ESP). Previous research has mainly focused on ESP identification in a single year, ignoring the change of various landscape elements in ESP on a time scale.
Objectives: We sought to improve the solution. We aimed to construct and optimize ESPs in different years, analyze their variations over time, and provide references for ecological security protection.
Methods: We developed a framework in 2000, 2010, and 2020 to study the Wuhan Metropolitan Area (WMA) ESP. The ESPs were established by circuit theory and were optimized by the Centrality Mapper and the gravity model.
Results: The findings indicated that the research area's key landscape elements exhibited clear spatial aggregation, they were mostly located in the east and south and gradually expanded to the north over the previous 20 years. From 2000 to 2020, there was a first decrease and then an increase in ecological source and corridor numbers. This change was also reflected in pinch points and barriers. We eventually obtained the optimized ESP in the three periods, among which the ESP in 2020 includes 9 primary, 21 secondary, and 48 tertiary ecological sources, 141 primary, and 37 secondary corridors, with 170.46 km2 barriers and 197.42 km2 pinch points.
Conclusion: This research framework extends the time scale of ESP construction, providing the theoretical basis and reference for regional sustainable development and landscape pattern optimization in the process of urbanization.
Comparative Genetic Gain Study of Desi and Kabuli Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Varieties for Yield and Related Traits in Ethiopia
Authors: Gebeyaw Mekonnen , Fikre Asnake , Abate Alemu , Setotaw Tesfahun Alemu 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This trail was initiated to assess the rate of genetic gain achieved so far in Ethiopian chickpea improvement program to re-design an effective improvement strategy for the future activity. Twenty-eight Desi and Kabuli type chickpea varieties released in Ethiopia were included in this trail. As a result of simple linear regression analysis, the genetic gain in grain yield for Desi typechickpea varietie was ~ 33.44 kg/ha/year (P ≤ 0.01, R2 = 0.44) with relative genetic gain of 2.08% per year or about 95.68% in yield potential over the last 46 years since 1974 to 2020. On the other hand, there was non significant (7.9kg/ha/year, P ≥ 0.05, R2 = 0.021) genetic gain improvement in Kabuli type chickpea varieties with respect to grain yield with relative genetic gain of 0.37% per year or about 16.65% in grain yield potential over the last 45 years since 1974 to 2019. Besides, the genetic gain in terms of hundred seed weight were 0.24g per year (P ≤ 0.05, R2 = 0.27) for Desi type and 0.36g per year (P ≤ 0.01, R2 = 0.21) for Kabuli type chickpea varieties with relative genetic gain of 1.92% and 1.94% per year, in that order. This study revealed that in grain yield, better genetic gain was achieved in Desi type chickpea varieties than Kabuli type chickpea varieties whereas, remarkable genetic gain in seed size was attained in Kabuli type than in Desi type chickpea varieties.
Respiratory viral infection promotes the awakening and outgrowth of dormant metastatic breast cancer cells in lungs
Authors: Chia Shi B. , Johnson Bryan J. , Hu Junxiao , Vermeulen Roel , Chadeau-Hyam Marc , Guntoro Fernando , Montgomery Hugh , Boorgula Meher Preethi , Sreeka Varsha , Goodspeed Andrew , Davenport Bennett , Pereira Felipe V. , Zaberezhnyy Vadym , Schleicher Wolfgang E. , Gao Dexiang , Cadar Andreia N. , Papanicolaou Michael , Beheshti Afshin , Baylin Stephen B. , Costello James , Bartley Jenna M. , Morrison Thomas E. , Aguirre-Ghiso Julio A. , Rincon Mercedes , DeGregori James 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Breast cancer is the second most common cancer globally. Most deaths from breast cancer are due to metastatic disease which often follows long periods of clinical dormancy1. Understanding the mechanisms that disrupt the quiescence of dormant disseminated cancer cells (DCC) is crucial for addressing metastatic progression. Infection with respiratory viruses (e.g. influenza or SARS-CoV-2) is common and triggers an inflammatory response locally and systemically2,3. Here we show that influenza virus infection leads to loss of the pro-dormancy mesenchymal phenotype in breast DCC in the lung, causing DCC proliferation within days of infection, and a greater than 100-fold expansion of carcinoma cells into metastatic lesions within two weeks. Such DCC phenotypic change and expansion is interleukin-6 (IL-6)-dependent. We further show that CD4 T cells are required for the maintenance of pulmonary metastatic burden post-influenza virus infection, in part through attenuation of CD8 cell responses in the lungs. Single-cell RNA-seq analyses reveal DCC-dependent impairment of T-cell activation in the lungs of infected mice. SARS-CoV-2 infected mice also showed increased breast DCC expansion in lungs post-infection. Expanding our findings to human observational data, we observed that cancer survivors contracting a SARS-CoV-2 infection have substantially increased risks of lung metastatic progression and cancer-related death compared to cancer survivors who did not. These discoveries underscore the significant impact of respiratory viral infections on the resurgence of metastatic cancer, offering novel insights into the interconnection between infectious diseases and cancer metastasis.
How to make electric vehicle traffic carbon–free
Authors: Lieven Theo 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The increase in electromobility could help achieve the zero–carbon target for vehicle traffic by 2050. However, the use of electricity from CO2-containing sources such as coal, oil, or gas speaks against this. This is why e-mobility is sometimes called a deception. Extensive government subsidies for the purchase of e-mobiles are criticized because they do not or only inadequately fulfill their ultimate purpose, namely, the decarbonization of vehicle traffic. The new method of state e-mobility funding presented here proposes subsidizing fewer EV purchases but using the amount released to promote the expansion of renewable energies to the extent that sufficient clean electricity is available for every new electric vehicle. This will make vehicle traffic 100% carbon–free. An empirical study strongly suggested that this method increases the acceptance of e-mobility subsidies among the population.
A Graph based Recommendation Model for Short Video with Attention and Message Passing
Authors: Singh Thaddeus , Rousseau Liam , Delacroix Lucien 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The rise of the Internet has revolutionized the way information is accessed and consumed, leading to an era characterized by data abundance and complexity. In this landscape, users are often inundated with numerous choices, creating a challenge known as information overload. To address this challenge, recommendation systems have emerged as indispensable tools across various online platforms. These systems, by analyzing user attributes and behaviors, aim to provide personalized recommendations, thus assisting users in navigating the vast array of available information. However, conventional recommendation algorithms often overlook valuable user-item features embedded in additional data sources such as review texts. Moreover, integrating auxiliary information to enhance recommendation accuracy adds complexity to the process. In light of these considerations, this paper introduces an interest-aware message passing recommendation model. By partitioning the graph into subgraphs based on user and item interactions, the model leverages graph convolution operations to learn node representations, thereby enhancing the expression of users' interests and preferences. Through empirical evaluation on benchmark datasets, our model outperforms existing baselines, demonstrating its efficacy in addressing the challenges of recommendation in the age of data abundance.
Improving the statistical downscaling performance of climatic parameters with convolutional neural networks
Authors: Hosseini Baghanam Aida , Nourani Vahid , Bejani Mohammad , Ke Chang-Qing 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT
This study examines two downscaling techniques, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and feedforward neural networks for predicting precipitation and temperature, alongside statistical downscaling as a benchmark model. The daily climate predictors were extracted from the European Center for Medium-range Weather Forecast (ECMWF) ERA5 dataset spanning from 1979 to 2010 for Tabriz city, located in the northwest of Iran. The biases in precipitation data of ERA5 predictors were corrected through the empirical quantile mapping method. Also, two nonlinear predictor screening methods, random forest and mutual information, were employed, alongside linear correlation coefficient. While these methods facilitate identification of dominant regional climate change drivers, it is essential to consider their limitations, such as sensitivity to parameter settings, assumptions about data relationships, potential biases in handling redundancy and correlation, challenges in generalizability across datasets, and computational complexity. Evaluation results indicated that CNN, when applied without predictor screening, achieves coefficient of determination of 0.98 for temperature and 0.71 for precipitation. Ultimately, future projections were employed under two shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs), SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5, and concluded that the most increase in temperature by 2.9 °C and decrease in precipitation by 3.5 mm may occur under SSP5-8.5.
Comparing the effect of carbon media on nutrient removal and greenhouse gas production in laboratory-scale bioreactors
Authors: Kohn Jacqueline , Seitz Vermeer Nicole E. , Villeneuve Janelle F. , Kadijk Mark , Xu Shanwei 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe performance of locally available agricultural carbon media (barley straw and hemp straw) was compared to woodchips for removing nitrate (NO3-N) and orthophosphate (PO4-P) in up-flow laboratory bioreactors. These media were tested in three replicates to quantify variability. The production of greenhouse gases nitrous oxide (N2O), methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) were quantified. Influent water with NO3-N and PO4-P flowed continuously through bioreactors at a 4-h hydraulic retention time at 20 °C for 16 weeks. Nitrate removal reached up to 37% across all carbon media after the fifth week, with a removal rate of 64 g N m−3 d−1. Nitrate removal was affected by the type of carbon media in the order of barley straw &gt; hemp straw &gt; woodchips (P &lt; 0.05). Most of the PO4-P rates declined rapidly after the first week for all carbon media meaning none were superior. Greenhouse gas production was dominated by CO2 with less CH4 and N2O produced. Production of N2O relative to nitrate removal for the three media remained low at 0.16 to 0.75%. The findings suggest that agricultural residues could perform better than woodchips for NO3-N removal although there was slightly higher N2O and CO2 production for these residues than woodchips.
Research on the purification effect of major pollutants in water by modular constructed wetlands with different filler combinations
Authors: Liu Xiaoting , Li Xuhao , Zhang Xiangling , Zhao Hui , Wang Chen , Zhu Hao , Xiao Xinlu , Cao Shilong , Liu Rang 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Constructed wetland systems have been widely used in China due to their advantages of good treatment effect, low cost and environmental friendliness. However, traditional constructed wetlands have challenges in application such as deactivation due to filler clogging, difficulty in filler replacement and low adaptability. To address the above problems, this research proposes a modular filler design constructed wetland based on the concept of assembly construction, which can quickly replace the clogged filler without destroying the overall structure of the wetland. Four commonly used fillers were selected and applied to the pilot system of the assembled constructed wetland in this study, in order to investigate the purification effect of the constructed wetland system with different filler module combinations (CW1, CW2, CW3) on the simulated wastewater. The results showed that the filler combination CW1 was the best for the removal of NH4+-N, and for TP and COD, CW2 has the best removal effect. Therefore, the assembled constructed wetland is adjustable and substantially reduces the maintenance cost, which provides technical guidance for its application in engineering.
Influencia del dilutor Tris y Ovine Freezing sobre la integridad de membrana citoplasmática, durante la congelación de semen de ovinos en pajillas de 0.5 ML
Authors: Pantoja A. César , Cabrera V. Prospero 
Published: April 2024

Con la finalidad de analizar el efecto de dos dilutores (Tris_glucosa y Ovine Freezing Buffer UA 466/005238) en la motilidad e integridad de membrana citoplasmática de los espermatozoides, durante el proceso de congelación, se condujo una investigación en el Banco Nacional de Semen - Universidad Nacional Agraria la Molina. Se usaron 02 carneros Assaf, 02 Canelas (0.75 Black belly + 0.25 Criollo) y 01 Black Belly, los mismos que fueron alimentados con maíz chala más una ración de concentrado. El semen puro utilizado fue de buena calidad y los valores de las características seminales estuvieron dentro de los parámetros para esta especie. La motilidad individual progresiva (MIP) del semen refrigerado, fue 81 % ± 2.75, 83 % ± 2.74 en Tris (T1) y Ovine Freezing (T2), respectivamente; mientras que la proporción de espermatozoides con membrana intacta, evaluada por la prueba de HOST* fue 78 % ± 4.76, 79 % ± 3.96 para los dilutores Tris y Ovine Freezing, respectivamente. En el semen congelado - descongelado, la MIP fue 61 % ± 3.57 y 63 % ± 2.41; los valores HOST fueron 40 % ± 3.57 y 43 % ± 2.85 para los dilutores Tris y Ovine, respectivamente, existiendo diferencias altamente significativas entre dilutores, entre carneros y momentos de procesamiento (P<0.01). Se registraron regresiones lineales significativas (P<0.05) entre HOST de semen fresco y HOST post descongelado de semen diluido ya sea con Tris o con Ovine Freezing. Se concluye que: El dilutor Ovine freezing, conservó mejor el semen durante el proceso de congelación; la prueba hipoosmótica, es un buen indicador de la calidad de semen, su aplicación es muy práctica, precisa y sobre todo permite elegir el reproductor mas adecuado.
Composición de Simplejos de Bézier mediante los Blossoms y una Aplicación al Diseño de una Curva sobre una Superficie de Bézier
Authors: Canchoa Q. Alessandri , Dueñas B. Juan 
Published: April 2024

En el presente trabajo de investigación se desarrollan los fundamentos de la teoría de los blossom para simplejos de Bézier y los elementos necesarios para el manejo de los índices de los puntos de control de una superficie de Bézier y el algoritmo de de Casteljau para simplejos de Bézier mediante los blossom y como una aplicación de ella se propone una técnica para diseñar una curva sobre una superficie de Bézier.
Introducción a los Espacios Riemannianos Globalmente Simétricos
Authors: Santisteban L. Edgar , Pérez T. Zelideth 
Published: April 2024

En este trabajo de investigación presentamos una breve introducción a los espacios riemannianos globalmente simétricos, siendo la conexión afín, denotada por r; un elemento importante para establecer definiciones, efectuar las pruebas de los teoremas y lemas más importantes que nos permiten identificar las características topologógicas de tales espacios. Iniciamos definiendo la simetría geodésica, como medio para definir los espacios localmente simétricos afines e introducir los espacios riemannianos globalmente simétricos por medio del grupo de isometrñias I(M) y del tensor curvatura R.
Caracterización de sedimiento acumulado en alcantarillas. Caso: Ciudad de Santander en España
Authors: Ramos Fernández Lía , Tejero Monzón Juan , Temprano Gonzáles Javier 
Published: April 2024

La necesidad de conocer el comportamiento y la composición físico-química, bacteriológica y metales de los sedimentos depositados en una red de alcantarillado, es esencial para implantar programas de manejo de la red y de todo el sistema de saneamiento de la ciudad debido a que los sedimentos que se encuentran dentro de la red, son los sedimentos que van a ser decantados en las plantas de tratamiento de la ciudad. Por lo anterior, este trabajo de investigación se orienta a caracterizar el sedimento acumulado en una red de alcantarillado unitaria. Se analizó durante un periodo de tres meses con muestreos semanales, la evolución temporal de la composición físico-química, bacteriológica y metales en los sedimentos de dos pozos de registro de la red de alcantarillado de la ciudad de Santander en España. Se obtuvieron valores entre 1325-1770 kg/m3 de densidad, 0.36-1.60 mm de D50, 14894- 25454 mg/kg de DQO, 6269-13878 mg/kg de DBO, 368-902 mg/kg de N, 5-17 mg/kg de P-PO4 -3, 5.5-6.2 log(ufc)/g de CT, 4.5-5.6 log(ufc)/g de CF, 5.1-13.3 mg/kg de Cu, 415-4180 mg/kg de Fe, 58-282 mg/kg de Zn. Los sedimentos están compuestos principalmente de arena, con un 96-98% de DQO y DBO particulada y 82-99% de nitrógeno orgánico. Además, el sedimento es fácilmente biodegradable para el pozo 1 y para la capa superior del pozo 2, y difícilmente biodegradable para la capa inferior del pozo 2. Los mayores valores de D50, DQO, DBO, N, P-PO4 -3, CT y CF se obtuvieron en la capa superior del pozo 2; y los mayores valores de densidad y metales en la capa inferior. La concentración de metales cumple la normativa española de utilización de lodos de depuración en el sector agrario.
Estrategias para la competitividad en la Agroexportación de Alcachofa
Authors: Fernández J. Leoncio 
Published: April 2024

Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo definir la estrategias para la competitividad en la agroexportación de alcachofa, aplicando para ello el modelo de Michael porter referida a las estrategias genéricas o generales; pero complementando el análisis con el modelo de Cliff Bowman, que sitúa mas apropiadamente en el entorno la definición de la estrategia. El resultado fue definir el “liderazgo en costos” como estrategia para la competitividad, complementado con una estrategia de diferenciación. Adicionalmente se analizaron algunos indicadores de producción, exportación, rendimiento, e importancia socioeconómica de la alcachofa. Durante el periodo 1994- 2005, Perú muestra una tendencia creciente en los volúmenes de producción, así como también se sitúa tercero en mayor rendimiento (tm/ha) entre los principales países productores. Por último, se presentan algunas evidencias de la importancia de esta alternativa de agronegocios, a través de experiencias de proyectos donde participan productores, empresas e Instituciones.
Análisis de Tablas Múltiples de Datos: El Método STATIS
Authors: Menacho Chiok César 
Published: April 2024

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo presentar un método para el análisis tablas múltiples de datos. El STATIS es una generalización del análisis de componentes principales (ACP), su objetivo es analizar varios conjuntos de tablas coleccionadas sobre las mismas observaciones. El objetivo del método de STATIS es 1) para comparar y analizar la relación entre los diferentes conjuntos de datos, 2) para combinar dentro de una estructura común llamada compromiso, el cual es analizado via ACP para revelar la estructura común entre las observaciones y finalmente 3) para proyectar cada conjunto de datos originales sobre el compromiso para analizar las similitudes y discrepancias.
Producción de Cocaína: Simulación económica de algunos efectos de política en los países productores
Authors: Ortiz S. Álvaro 
Published: April 2024

En base a un modelo de simulación, en el que se incluye explícitamente la competencia en la asignación de recursos, se muestra en este trabajo, el resultado del uso del factor mano de obra, en la producción de bienes ilícitos (cocaína) y bienes lícitos (otros bienes). El impacto de un cambio en el precio de la hoja de coca en el consumo de cocaína, es poco significativo. Cualquier estrategia de sustitución de cultivos, hace que la economía legal, compita por los servicios de la mano de obra con la economía ilegal.
Acceso y uso de las tecnologías visuales y sus posibles repercusiones en los alumnos de la UNALM
Authors: Castillo Hilario Mario Buenaventura 
Published: April 2024

El objetivo de este artículo es mostrar el nivel de acceso, uso y manejo de las tecnologías visuales por parte de los alumnos de la UNALM, a partir de la aplicación de una encuesta a una muestra de 104 alumnos. Se comprobó que la mayoría de estudiantes accede, usa y opera cámaras fotográficas, computadoras, videocámaras, celulares con cámaras fotográficas incorporadas y softwares de diseño gráfico. Sin embargo, el conocimiento y dominio del lenguaje visual son mínimos. Asimismo, es posible suponer que los aspectos cognitivos y comunicativos de los universitarios de ahora han sido afectados por la influencia de las tecnologías visuales.
Estudio de la variabilidad genética en poblaciones de Argopecten purpuratus de Chile y Perú
Authors: Ysla Ch. Luis 
Published: April 2024

La concha de abanico (Argopecten purpuratus) se distribuye en la costa del Pacifico Sur desde Perú (Bahía de Sechura) hasta Chile (Bahía de Tongoy). El conocimiento de la estructura genética poblacional es de gran importancia para el manejo y conservación de este recurso compartido por ambos países. Para esto se estudiaron trespoblaciones de concha de abanico de cada país con el fin de compararlas, utilizando para ello electroforesis de aloenzimas. Las enzimas que tuvieron un mejor revelado fueron la MDH la a-GPD y la PGM. Con las frecuencias alelicas obtenidas a partir del patrón de bandeo producto de la electroforesis se ha obtenido la distancia genética de Nei así como los índices de Wright que dan como resultado que la población de Argopecten purpuratus presente una estructura genética la cual puede considerarse como una megapoblacion.