bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of Social Support in Reducing the Severity of Menopausal Symptoms among Women Living in Rural Mysuru, Karnataka: An Analytical Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Divya K. L , Nimithamohan K. , Bilimale Anil S. , Muralidhar Kiranmayee , Krupp Karl , Madhivanan Purnima 
Published: April 2024

Introduction:
Menopause is an unspoken and unaddressed aspect of a women’s life, surrounded by many myths and taboos within the Indian context. Although a majority of menopausal women experience moderate to severe symptoms that can affect their physical, emotional, mental, and social well-being, there is poor health literacy as well as health-seeking behavior among them. The importance of social support, especially at a difficult time like menopause, is bound to minimize the severity of menopausal symptoms.

Objectives:
The objective is to assess the severity of menopausal symptoms among women living in rural communities of Mysuru district, and to examine the relationship of perceived social support during menopausal transition to severity of the symptoms.

Materials and Methods:
Between May 2022 and December 2022, a cross-sectional study was conducted among 250 women living in rural communities of Mysuru district, Karnataka. An interviewer-administered survey in Kannada was used to record the severity of menopausal symptoms and associated determinants after completion of informed consent process.

Results:
The average age of study participants was 50.9 (standard deviation [SD] ±4.6) years. While 77.2% were married, 20.8% were widows. About half (53.6%) belonged to lower socioeconomic class and another 28% belonged to middle class. The mean age at menopause was 47.6 (SD ± 4.24) years; 56.8% reported experiencing moderate-to-severe symptoms; 75.6% reported high social support while 24.4% of women low-to-medium social support. The odds of experiencing moderate-to-severe menopause symptoms were 4.51 (95% confidence interval: 2.337–8.690) times higher among women who received low-to-medium social support as compared to those with high social support. The social support obtained was directly proportional to socioeconomic status and living with spouse.

Conclusion:
The health system should emphasize the role of social support while counseling postmenopausal women. There is a dire need for both community and physician education programs on the social and medical needs of postmenopausal women.
A cross-sectional study to estimate the prevalence of text neck syndrome among medical students in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Paleti Sravya Teja , Inuganti Rohit , Krishna S. V. Gopala , Islam Rojah 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background:
The overuse of handheld mobile technology is leading to detrimental effects on the human body, one of which is text neck syndrome (TNS). This refers to neck pain and disability due to repetitive stress injury. Text neck can cause symptoms such as neck pain, shoulder pain, upper back pain, and increased curvature of spine.

Objectives:
The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence, awareness, frequency, severity, and radiation of pain experienced by medical students and to determine the association between the duration of gadget usage and the severity of pain.

Methodology:
In this cross-sectional study, 1000 medical students were surveyed regarding the awareness and prevalence of TNS. The questionnaire consisted of 16 questions which included, demographic details and education details, and questions related to frequency, duration, purpose and time of usage, and position during use.

Results:
Out of 1000 students, 500 of the respondents did not know of TNS, 10 knew the term in detail, 160 were familiar with the term, and 330 had only heard of the term. The usage of electronic gadgets increased with age and was found statistically significant with P < 0.05. A significant positive association (P < 0.05) was found between the duration of usage of gadgets and the severity of pain.

Conclusion:
TNS is a real problem, and the students are not aware of the problem. The study showed that the longer the duration of gadget usage, the more adverse the symptoms.
Causes of abnormal uterine bleeding in women of 20–60 years of age based on polyp, adenomyosis, leiomyoma, malignancy, coagulopathy, ovulatory dysfunction, endometrial, iatrogenic, and not-yet-classified at a tertiary care hospital: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Arikarevula Sarojini , Seedipally Swapna Rani , Ragoor Sujatha 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background:
Approximately 10%–25% of women are affected with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB). It is essential to have a thorough understanding and knowledge about the disease, causative factors, pathophysiology, incidence and prevalence of various causative factors, clinical presentations, and diagnostic aids for an early prediction and diagnosis of disease to treat the condition at the earliest possible phase and with minimum morbidity and costs.

Objective:
The objective of this study was to study the causes of AUB women of 20–60 years of age based on polyp, adenomyosis, leiomyoma, malignancy, coagulopathy, ovulatory dysfunction, endometrial, iatrogenic, and not-yet-classified (PALM COEIN).

Materials and Methods:
It was a hospital-based prospective study among 136 patients with AUB aged 20–60 years. History, general and gynecological examination, and routine gynecological examination were done using speculum examination of the vagina and the cervix and a bimanual examination. Routine investigations and an ultrasonography were done. Some were subjected to PAP smear as a routine procedure.

Results:
Women aged 31–50 years and multiparous were most affected with AUB in 84.6% and 88.9% of cases, respectively. According to the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics type classification, the most common type of presentation was heavy menstrual bleeding in 54% of cases. The most common presenting symptom was pain in the abdomen in 4.4%. The most common-related symptom was spasmodic dysmenorrhea in 36%. The most common clinical sign was pallor in 25%. The most common associated comorbidity was anemia in 49%. Leiomyoma was the most common ultrasound diagnosis of underlying pathology in 52.2%. The most common cause of AUB as per PALM COEIN was AUB leiomyoma in 52.2%.

Conclusion:
Our study shows that the causation of AUB was multifactorial (though in some cases, solitary lesions were found) involving the entire female reproductive system resulting in a single common presentation as AUB.
Incidence of neural tube defects and associated anomalies in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Malikireddy Pruthvi , Mukku Srinivas Reddy , Karpur Santosh 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background:
Neural tube defects (NTDs) are the second most common congenital malformations after cardiac anomalies. The rate of associated malformation is reported to be 17%–80%. NTDs could also be a component of syndromic process.

Objective:
The objective of the study was to study the incidence of NTDs and associated anomalies.

Methods:
A hospital-based observational study was carried out among 6934 pregnant women referred for ultrasound. Pregnant women with NTDs were included. Detailed maternal history and clinical data were recorded. All ultrasound examinations were performed transabdominally by a radiologist using a 1–5 MHz convex array transducer (Voluson S8).

Results:
During this period of study, a total of 6934 pregnant women were screened and 47 cases of NTDs were detected and included, giving an incidence of 6.7 in 1000 conceptions (95% confidence interval = 5.02–8.92). NTDs were more common in mothers of age group 20–30 years. Spina bifida was the most common type of NTD in 53% of the cases. The most common type of spina bifida was meningomyelocele in 56%. The most common associated central nervous system (CNS) anomaly was Chiari II malformation.

Conclusion:
The most common NTD was spina bifida. CNS anomalies are more commonly associated with NTDs, followed by extremity defects.
Forensic and clinical implications of scapula length: A radiological study in Delta State, Nigeria
Authors: Ominde Beryl Shitandi , Unuesiri Amber Ejiroghene , Ikubor Joyce Ekeme , Omoro Orovwoghene Faithful , Igbigbi Patrick Sunday 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background:
The morphometry of the scapula exhibits sexual dimorphism, which makes it crucial for sex determination in forensic contexts and guides orthopedic surgeons in the management of shoulder girdle fractures.

Objective:
This study aimed to establish population-specific discriminant formulas for sex determination using the scapula length from radiographs.

Materials and Methods:
This observational cross-sectional study retrospectively analyzed 200 postero-anterior chest radiographs (113 males and 87 females) from a referral hospital in Delta State, Nigeria. Inclusion criteria comprised fully ossified scapulae in patients aged 25–60 years. Scapula length was measured using digital calipers, and statistical analyses, including discriminant function analysis, were performed to create population-specific equations for sex prediction.

Results:
Males exhibited significantly longer scapulae than females. The right scapula length was longer and demonstrated higher overall accuracy (78.5%) in sex determination than the left scapula (75.0%). Combining right and left scapula lengths increased the accuracy to 83.0%.

Conclusion:
The study provides population-specific normative values for scapula length and highlights the sexual dimorphism of the scapula length. The length of the right scapula was more accurate in predicting sex (78.5%) and when combined with that of the left scapula, the accuracy increased (83.0%).
Effect of cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy on epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, and peritoneal cancer: An institutional review of outcomes and its clinical implications
Authors: Imperio-Onglao Romelyn April P. , Luna Jericho Thaddeus P. 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
Ovarian, fallopian tube, and peritoneal cancer patients with advanced-stage diagnosis or recurrences spread to the peritoneal surface of the abdomen. Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) can penetrate and eradicate tumors that are microscopic up to those with a diameter of 2.5 cm from the peritoneal surface following cytoreductive surgery (CRS).

OBJECTIVES:
The study aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of CRS with HIPEC versus CRS alone for patients with epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, and peritoneal cancer.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This retrospective cohort study included 50 patients (20 patients underwent CRS + HIPEC, while 30 patients underwent CRS alone). Records of these patients from January 2014 to June 2020 were reviewed, tabulated, and analyzed.

RESULTS:
The difference in recurrence rate between CRS with HIPEC and CRS alone was not statistically significant (50% vs. 43%, P = 0.774). The median time to recurrence was 10 and 9 months, respectively (P = 0.636). Five percent in the HIPEC group succumbed to the disease, while 13% died in the CRS alone group (P = 0.636). More post-operative complications were noted in the HIPEC group (45% vs. 10%, P = 0.007), but among these, only 2 cases had grade 3 to 4 complications (10%). The addition of HIPEC in the management of these patients resulted in a longer operative time (360 vs. 240 min, P < 0.001) and postoperative hospital stay (8 vs. 6 days, P = 0.026). There were no intra- or peri-operative mortalities in both groups.

CONCLUSION:
CRS with HIPEC and CRS alone showed similar time to recurrence and recurrence rate. CRS with HIPEC had low risk of grade 3-4 complications and may still be considered as a treatment option for advanced, progressive, and recurrent epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, and peritoneal cancer.
Sentiment Analysis of Covid Vaccine Myths using Various Data Visualization Tools
Authors: Bhatia Tarandeep Kaur , Rathi Samagya , Singh Thipendra P , Naha Biswayan 
Published: April 2024

INTRODUCTION: Anti-vaccination agitation is on the rise, both in-person and online, notably on social media. The Internet has become the principal source of health-related information and vaccines for an increasing number of individuals. This is worrisome since, on social media, any comment, whether from a medical practitioner or a layperson, has the same weight. As a result, low-quality data may have a growing influence on vaccination decisions for children.
OBJECTIVES: This paper will evaluate the scale and type of vaccine-related disinformation, the main purpose was to discover what caused vaccine fear and anti-vaccination attitudes among social media users.
METHODS: The vaccination-related data used in this paper was gathered from Reddit, an information-sharing social media network with about 430 million members, to examine popular attitudes toward the vaccine. The materials were then pre-processed. External links, punctuation, and bracketed information were the first things to go. All text was also converted to lowercase. This was followed by a check for missing data. This paper is novel and different as Matplotlib, pandas, and word cloud was used to create word clouds and every result has a visual representation. The Sentiment analysis was conducted using the NLTK library as well as polarity and subjectivity graphs were generated.
RESULTS: It was discovered that the majority population had neutral sentiments regarding vaccination. Data visualization methods such as bar charts showed that neutral sentiment outnumbers both positive and negative sentiment.
CONCLUSION: Prevalent Sentiment has a big influence on how people react to the media and what they say, especially as people utilize social media platforms more and more. Slight disinformation and/or indoctrination can quickly turn a neutral opinion into a negative one.
Range inclusion and diagonalization of complex symmetric operators
Authors: Wang Cun , Zhao Jiayi , Zhu Sen 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We consider the range inclusion and the diagonalization in the Jordan algebra

$\mathcal {S}_C$

of C-symmetric operators, that are, bounded linear operators T satisfying

$CTC =T^{*}$

, where C is a conjugation on a separable complex Hilbert space

$\mathcal H$

. For

$T\in \mathcal {S}_C$

, we aim to describe the set

$C_{\mathcal {R}(T)}$

of those operators

$A\in \mathcal {S}_C$

satisfying the range inclusion

$\mathcal {R}(A)\subset \mathcal {R}(T)$

. It is proved that (i)

$C_{\mathcal {R}(T)}=T\mathcal {S}_C T$

if and only if

$\mathcal {R}(T)$

is closed, (ii)

$\overline {C_{\mathcal {R}(T)}}=\overline {T\mathcal {S}_C T}$

, and (iii)

$C_{\overline {\mathcal {R}(T)}}$

is the closure of

$C_{\mathcal {R}(T)}$

in the strong operator topology. Also, we extend the classical Weyl–von Neumann Theorem to

$\mathcal {S}_C$

, showing that every self-adjoint operator in

$\mathcal {S}_C$

is the sum of a diagonal operator in

$\mathcal {S}_C$

and a compact operator with arbitrarily small Schatten p-norm for

$p\in (1,\infty )$

.
A retrospective study of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in Iraq
Authors: Adnan Shaker Doaa , Tawfeeq Abd Muna , Jassim Alsalih Nawar , Ghazi Mahdi Sinan , Alsaadawi Mohenned , Raqeeb Aakef Ihab , Jafaar Aljandeel Tareq 
Published: April 2024

Background: CCHF is transmitted via ticks biting and directly by contact with tissue or blood of infected patients or viremicanimals. This study intends to determine the occurrence of CCHF in Iraq between 2015 and 2019.
Methods: This study was designed as a retrospective and descriptive cross-sectional study. It was approved the occurrence ofCCHF in Iraq with relation to some epidemiological and demographic data reported in the Iraqi Communicable Diseases ControlCenter (CDC)/zoonotic diseases section between 2015-2019.
Results: Out of 206 suspected cases, only 17 were diagnosed as CCHF with a total fatality ratio of 52%, 25%, and 80% in 2015and 2018 respectively. However, no mortality was reported during 2016, 2017, and 2019. The mean age of the patients was 33years± 18 SD, in males mainly (76%). Moreover, the risk groups were 29 %, 23 %, 18 % 12 %, and 6 % for butchers, animaldealers, gainers, both housewives and students and children respectively.
Conclusion: Strict precautions and precise surveillance should be implemented to control the disease and protect the communityby improving the diagnosis and treatment of CCHF. The authors recommend another future study to detect the genotypingand sequencing of CCHFV in Iraq.
Keywords: Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever; Iraq; tick.
Breastfeeding and non-nutritive sucking habits as covariates of malocclusion in the primary dentition among Tanzanian children: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Mtaya Mlangwa Matlida , BRUDVIK PONGSRI , ÅSTRØM ANNE 
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Studies on the effect of feeding practices and sucking habits on malocclusion traits in the primary dentition of pre-schoolchildren from developing countries are scarce.
Purpose: Assessing the association of feeding and sucking habits with malocclusion traits, and the association of malocclusion traits with observed oral functional problems.
Methods: It was a cross-sectional survey of children aged 3-5 years residing in Kinondoni and Temeke Districts of Dar es Salaam region in Tanzania. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Scientists, SPSS version 21.0. Univariate analysis was applied to generate frequencies of different variables. Cross tabulations and Chi-square statistics were used to assess bivariate relationships and multivariate analyses were performed by multiple logistic regression.
Results: Most pre-schoolchildren (82.5%) were breastfed for less than two years. A history of non-nutritive sucking habits was reported in 28.1% of the children, mostly in boys than girls (33.6% versus 21.8%, respectively. The current non-nutritive sucking habits were reported in 17.8% of the participants. Overall, malocclusion traits were most significantly seen in children who were breastfed for less than two years, compared with those who were breastfed for two years or more (48.5% versus 27.3%, respectively). The presence of various malocclusion traits was significantly found among most of the children who had a history of non-nutritive sucking habits, compared with those who had never performed the habits (65.9% versus 38.6 %, respectively). In the logistic regression analyses, children who were breastfed for a shorter duration (<2 years), their probability of being found with different traits of malocclusion in the primary dentition was almost three times that for those who were breastfed for a longer duration (≥ two years). Also, children who were not actively performing non-nutritive sucking habits were less likely to have an open bite compared with those who were actively performing non-nutritive sucking habits. An open bite in children was significantly associated with speech problems (p<0.01) and swallowing with tongue thrusting (p=0.000).
Conclusion and recommendations: Most of the children who were breastfed for a shorter duration and children who had non-nutritive sucking habits were found with various malocclusion, compared with those who were breastfed for a longer duration and those who had no non-nutritive sucking habits. It is crucial to recommend exclusive breastfeeding for up to 6 months and continuation of breastfeeding practice, possibly for up to 2 years of age due to its nutritional, immunological, and stomato-gnathic system developmental benefits.
IMPLEMENTASI METODE NORTH WEST CORNER DAN PROGRAM LINGO PADA PENGIRIMAN BARANG DI PT. NUSHEL JAYA MANDIRI (UMAMA SCRAF)
Authors: Azis Muhammad Masduki , Firmansyah Erick , Rizqullah Aufa Nurfathi , Fauzi Muchammad 
Published: April 2024

Manajemen transportasi dan distribusi merupakan pengaturan sistem pengiriman barang dengan moda transportasi yang bertujuan agar proses distribusi barang menjadi lebih tertata. Pada umumnya permasalahan transportasi dalam bidang fashion dan retail berhubungan dengan distribusi produk dari berbagai sumber ke beberapa lokasi penjualan. Pendistribusian memegang peran penting karena tanpa adanya pola distribusi yang tepat, maka proses ini dapat memakan biaya tinggi dan mengakibatkan pemborosan dari segi waktu, jarak dan tenaga. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan transportasi dan distribusi PT. Nushel Jaya Mandiri menggunakan metode Northwest Corner dan program Lingo. Metode Northwest Corner (NWC) adalah salah satu metode transportasi yang paling mudah dilakukan untuk mendapatkan solusi layak awal, untuk menemukan hasil yang optimal maka digunakan program Lingo. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengimplementasikan biaya tarnsportasi distribusi pengiriman barang pada PT. Nushel Jaya Mandiri dengan menggunakan metode Northwest Corner dan Program Lingo. Dari hasil pembahasan, diperoleh biaya transportasi dengan menggunakan metode Northwest Corner sebesar Rp 5.983.683 dan dengan program Lingo sebesar Rp 5.017.134 Hal ini, menandakan bahwa solusi awal dengan metode Northwest Corner belum mendekati hasil yang optimal, dan hasil optimal dapat dilihat dari hasil program Lingo.
Iglesia y comunicación: La prensa confesional y el estudio de las Hojas Diocesanas de la Diócesis de Sevilla (1940 a 1962)
Authors: Liñan Martín Raquel 
Published: April 2024

Ante la amenaza imparable de las corrientes laicas, nacen desde el último tercio del sigo XIX un tipo de prensa con profundas ideas liberales, surgiendo así un modelo de periodismo moderno que arremete frontalmente contra la propia Iglesia. Este nuevo sistema ofensivo supuso una enorme preocupación en la Santa Sede, máxime cuando se estaban utilizando en su contra los mismos sistemas de comunicación que durante siglos sirvió para la difusión del evangelio y la propaganda de los valores cristianos que debían garantizar su perpetuidad. En esta línea, nació en la Diócesis de Sevilla un ejemplo de prensa especializada entre la que se encontraban las humildes pero interesantes Hojas Diocesanas, prácticamente ignoradas por ser publicaciones “internas” de gran sencillez. Llamada posteriormente Iglesia de Sevilla, estaba destinada a formar y proyectar sus ideales apostólicos. Su estudio nos permitirá agregar datos para avanzar en la reconstrucción de la historia del periodismo de nuestra ciudad.
Los orígenes del cristianismo en la Bética. De la primera misión a la erección de la sede metropolitana hispalense
Authors: García Moreno Luis A. 
Published: April 2024

Las suscripciones de los asistentes a un sínodo reunido en Granada poco antes del 314, el “Concilio de Elvira”, prueban la antigüedad del cristianismo meridional. El frustrado viaje de San Pablo a España supone alguna previa presencia cristiana, probablemente venida de Roma. Sin embargo muchas iglesias meridionales debieron originarse en el seno de potentes juderías. Esas iglesias presentan características organizativas propias de la cristiandad norteafricana. La leyenda de los siete varones apostólicos se originó a finales del siglo VIII, en el contexto de la crisis del Adopcionismo. Por último, se estudia los orígenes de la jerarquía metropolitana de la Bética. Poco antes de su muerte en 357 el obispo Osio habría recibido la dignidad metropolitana para su sede en la ciudad de Córdoba, que era también la capital de la provincia civil. La muy importante presencia militar goda en Sevilla desde mediados del siglo V favoreció la influencia de sus obispos, apoyados por la Monarquía goda, hasta ver reconocido su carácter de metropolitanos de la Bética como muy tarde en los primeros decenios del siglo VI.
La transformación de mezquitas en iglesias. El modelo andaluz
Authors: Valor Piechotta Magdalena , Montes Romero-Camacho Isabel 
Published: April 2024

Este artículo tiene como finalidad el análisis de los cambios que se produjeron en las mezquitas de al-Andalus transformadas en iglesias a partir del año 1086, tomando como ejemplo las antiguas mezquitas mayores de Córdoba y Sevilla, convertidas en sendas catedrales a partir de la conquista cristiana de 1236 y 1248 respectivamente.