bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decision trees in cost–benefit analysis for flood risk management plans
Authors: Napolitano Jacopo , Di Francesco Massimo , Sechi Giovanni Maria 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
According to the European Directive 2007/60/CE, flood risk evaluation should include a cost–benefit analysis (CBA) on a long-term time horizon to evaluate the impact of mitigation measures. The standard CBA assumes to know in advance the events observed in the time horizon and a priori compares all mitigation measures by an economic metric. No change is supposed to be made to these measures throughout the time horizon. This modus operandi is not appropriate in the domain of flood risk management because several conditions are uncertain when the CBA is made (e.g., urban policies). This article faces these challenges by the integration of cost–benefit analysis and decision trees, to prescribe mitigation measures under uncertainty on the budget for mitigation actions because their funding can be modified after the conclusion of the CBA. The former integration is discussed in the real case of the lowland valley of the Coghinas River (Sardinia, Italy), for which the classical CBA compared five mitigation measures of infrastructural works. The integration into the decision tree also allows evaluation of mitigation measures with changes in infrastructural works and a lamination action. The outcomes advise decreasing the maximum storage level and increase the peak lamination.
A hybrid deep learning approach for streamflow prediction utilizing watershed memory and process-based modeling
Authors: Yifru Bisrat Ayalew , Lim Kyoung Jae , Bae Joo Hyun , Park Woonji , Lee Seoro 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Accurate streamflow prediction is essential for optimal water management and disaster preparedness. While data-driven methods’ performance often surpasses process-based models, concerns regarding their ‘black-box’ nature persist. Hybrid models, integrating domain knowledge and process modeling into a data-driven framework, offer enhanced streamflow prediction capabilities. This study investigated watershed memory and process modeling-based hybridizing approaches across diverse hydrological regimes – Korean and Ethiopian watersheds. Following watershed memory analysis, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was calibrated using the recession constant and other relevant parameters. Three hybrid models, incorporating watershed memory and residual error, were developed and evaluated against standalone long short-term memory (LSTM) models. Hybrids outperformed the standalone LSTM across all watersheds. The memory-based approach exhibited superior and consistent performance across training, evaluation periods, and regions, achieving 17–66% Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient improvement. The residual error-based technique showed varying performance across regions. While hybrids improved extreme event predictions, particularly peak flows, all models struggled at low flow. Korean watersheds’ significant prediction improvements highlight the hybrid models’ effectiveness in regions with pronounced temporal hydrological variability. This study underscores the importance of selecting a specific hybrid approach based on the desired objectives rather than solely relying on statistical metrics that often reflect average performance.
Exploration of the Mechanisms Underlying Yu's Enema Formula in Treating
Ulcerative Colitis by Blocking the RhoA/ROCK Pathway based on Network
Pharmacology, High-performance Liquid Chromatography Analysis, and
Experimental Verification
Authors: Liu Binbin , Zhang Jie , Wang Xiaoqi , Ye Wei , Yao Jiaming 
Published: March 2024

Background:
The traditional Chinese medicine formula, Yu's Enema Formula (YEF), has demonstrated
potential in the treatment of Ulcerative Colitis (UC).

Objective:
This study aimed to unveil the anti-UC mechanisms of YEF.

Methods:
Utilizing public databases, we obtained YEF and UC-related targets. GO and KEGG analyses were
conducted via clusterProfiler and Reactome. The STRING database facilitated the construction of the PPI network,
and hub targets were selected using cytoHubba. We used R software for differential expression and correlation
analyses, and molecular docking was performed with PyMOL and AutoDock. HPLC analysis identified
the compounds in YEF. For in vivo validation, a UC rat model was employed.

Results and Discussion:
495 YEF-UC overlapping targets were identified. GO and KEGG analyses indicated
enrichment in exogenous stimuli response, peptide response, positive MAPK cascade regulation, interleukin-
related signaling, and the TLR4 cascade. Hub targets included CTNNB1, JUN, MAPK1, MAPK3, SRC,
STAT3, TLR4, TP53, and RELA, which were often interconnected. Molecular docking revealed quercetin's
strong binding affinity with CTNNB1, MAPK1, MAPK3, SRC, STAT3, TLR4, and TP53, consistent with
HPLC analysis. In vivo experiments suggested that YEF has the potential to alleviate UC symptoms and protect
the intestinal mucosal barrier by inhibiting the RhoA/ROCK pathway.

Conclusion:
YEF may safeguard the intestinal mucosal barrier in UC by targeting CTNNB1, MAPK1, MAPK3,
SRC, STAT3, TLR4, and TP53, while blocking the RhoA/ROCK pathway.
Fuzzy Modeling to Personalized Nutritional Menu
Authors: El Moutaouakil Karim , Ahourag Abdellah , Belhabib Fatima , Hammoumi Aayah , Patriciu Alina-Mihaela , Chellak Saliha , Baizri Hicham 
Published: March 2024

Background:
While most healthy diets can help control the progression of disease,
they can fail in the long term for many factors. Patients abandon the diet altogether after a
while because it is too restrictive or the foods are unappealing; still, others engage in less physical
activity because they consume fewer calories. What's more, almost all plans are based on
optimization models. These models produce statistical diets offering limited choices to users,
and a small substitution can call the whole diet into question.

Objective:
This article develops an intelligent system for generating flexible nutritional menus
that each person can adopt to their environment and dietary preferences (food availability,
price, patient eating habits, etc.). The system implements mathematical fuzzy optimization
models and constraint satisfaction programming.

Methods and Materials:
First, the Moroccon foods were decomposed using fuzzy Cmeans.
Next, the artificial foods, formed by the centers, were introduced into a fuzzy mathematical optimization
diet model, which controlled the total glycemic load and met the World Health Organization
(WHO) and Dietary Guidelines for Americans (GDA) recommendations (requirements
for personalized menu). Then, we used a genetic algorithm strategy to generate optimal
serving sizes and to build a nutritional menu based on the groups formed. To help patients
choose customized diets, the menu was transformed into a constraint satisfaction programming
model.

Results:
The proposed strategy was applied to Moroccan foods, experimental results show that
all diets offer a wide range of choices to users and that substitutions comply with WHO and
GDA recommendations.

Conclusion:
The suggested scheme has been applied to Moroccan foods; experimental findings
demonstrate that all diets provide users with a wide variety of options that keeps consumers
on their diet.
Repurposing of Compounds from Streptomyces spp. as Potential Inhibitors of Aminoacyltransferase FemA: An Essential Drug Target against Drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Goodarzi Narjes Noori , Shahbazi Behzad , Khiavi Elham Haj Agha Gholizadeh , Asforooshani Mahshid Khazani , Abed Sahar , Badmasti Farzad 
Published: March 2024

Background:
Drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus represents a substantial
healthcare challenge worldwide, and its range of available therapeutic options continues to diminish
progressively. Thus, this study aimed to identify potential inhibitors against FemA, a
crucial protein involved in the cell wall biosynthesis of S. aureus.

background:
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus represents a substantial healthcare challenge worldwide, and its range of available therapeutic options continues to diminish progressively.

Materials and Methods:
The screening process involved a comprehensive structure-based virtual
screening on the StreptomDB database to identify ligands with potential inhibitory effects
on FemA using AutoDock Vina. The most desirable ligands with the highest binding affinity
and pharmacokinetic properties were selected. Two ligands with the highest number of hydrogen
bonds and hydrophobic interactions were further analyzed by molecular dynamics (MD)
using the GROMACS version 2018 simulation package.

Results:
Six H-donor conserved residues were selected as protein active sites, including Arg-
220, Tyr-38, Gln-154, Asn-73, Arg-74, and Thr-24. Through virtual screening, a total of nine
compounds with the highest binding affinity to the FemA protein were identified. Frigocyclinone
and C21H21N3O4 exhibited the highest binding affinity and demonstrated favorable
pharmacokinetic properties. Molecular dynamics analysis of the FemA-ligand complexes further
indicated desirable stability and reliability of complexes, reinforcing the potential efficacy
of these ligands as inhibitors of FemA protein.

Conclusion:
Our findings suggest that Frigocyclinone and C21H21N3O4 are promising inhibitors
of FemA in S. aureus. To further validate these computational results, experimental studies are
planned to confirm the inhibitory effects of these compounds on various S. aureus strains. Combining
computational screening with experimental validation contributes valuable insights to the
field of drug discovery in comparison to the classical drug discovery approaches.
Potential Druggability of Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cell-derived Exosomes
Authors: Zhang Fan , Zhang Leisheng , Yu Hao 
Published: March 2024

:
Exosomes secreted by mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC-Exos) are advantageous
candidate sources for novel acellular therapy. Despite the current standards of good manufacturing
practice (GMP), the deficiency of suitable quality-control methods and the difficulties in
large-scale preparation largely restrict the development of therapeutic products and their clinical
applications worldwide. Herein, we mainly focus on three dominating issues commonly encountered
in exosomal GMP, including issues upstream of the cell culture process, downstream of the
purification process, exosomes quality control, and the drug properties of exosomes and their druggability
from a corporate perspective. Collectively, in this review article, we put forward the issues
of preparing clinical exosome drugs for the treatment of diverse diseases and provide new references
for the clinical application of GMP-grade MSC-Exos.
Former Outer Districts, Neighborhoods of Edirne Proper, and Historical Architectural
Authors: Erdoğan Nevnihal 
Published: March 2024

The goal of this chapter is the investigation of old neighborhoods (mahalle),
streets, and houses of old outer districts (bölge) of the inner Edirne region. One of the
goals of this study then is to expose the growth and development of the inner districts
of the Edirne region without overlooking the existing values. In this context, original
establishments (mosques, baths, fountains, soup kitchens, etc) and the settlement layout
(streets and neighborhoods) have been fixed on the existing maps of the district. The
first and second groups of Edirne neighborhoods were investigated in terms of their
history, neighbor relations, and historical house type. The new neighborhoods of
Edirne that make up the third group are continuing to expand from the eastern portions
of the city towards the Edirne plateau.
Original establishments such as mosques, baths, fountains, soup kitchens, etc. and the
settlement layout (streets and neighborhoods) have been drawn on the existing maps of
districts. The plans of some historical residences were drawn with various dimensions
and these structures and the historical streets on which they stand were all
photographed. Housing types selected from different neighborhoods were analyzed.
Performance of ChatGPT on the India Undergraduate Community Medicine Examination: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Gandhi Aravind P , Joesph Felista Karen , Rajagopal Vineeth , Aparnavi P , Katkuri Sushma , Dayama Sonal , Satapathy Prakasini , Khatib Mahalaqua Nazli , Gaidhane Shilpa , Zahiruddin Quazi Syed , Behera Ashish 
Published: March 2024

Background
Medical students may increasingly use large language models (LLMs) in their learning. ChatGPT is an LLM at the forefront of this new development in medical education with the capacity to respond to multidisciplinary questions.

Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of ChatGPT 3.5 to complete the Indian undergraduate medical examination in the subject of community medicine. We further compared ChatGPT scores with the scores obtained by the students.

Methods
The study was conducted at a publicly funded medical college in Hyderabad, India. The study was based on the internal assessment examination conducted in January 2023 for students in the Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery Final Year–Part I program; the examination of focus included 40 questions (divided between two papers) from the community medicine subject syllabus. Each paper had three sections with different weightage of marks for each section: section one had two long essay–type questions worth 15 marks each, section two had 8 short essay–type questions worth 5 marks each, and section three had 10 short-answer questions worth 3 marks each. The same questions were administered as prompts to ChatGPT 3.5 and the responses were recorded. Apart from scoring ChatGPT responses, two independent evaluators explored the responses to each question to further analyze their quality with regard to three subdomains: relevancy, coherence, and completeness. Each question was scored in these subdomains on a Likert scale of 1-5. The average of the two evaluators was taken as the subdomain score of the question. The proportion of questions with a score 50% of the maximum score (5) in each subdomain was calculated.

Results
ChatGPT 3.5 scored 72.3% on paper 1 and 61% on paper 2. The mean score of the 94 students was 43% on paper 1 and 45% on paper 2. The responses of ChatGPT 3.5 were also rated to be satisfactorily relevant, coherent, and complete for most of the questions (>80%).

Conclusions
ChatGPT 3.5 appears to have substantial and sufficient knowledge to understand and answer the Indian medical undergraduate examination in the subject of community medicine. ChatGPT may be introduced to students to enable the self-directed learning of community medicine in pilot mode. However, faculty oversight will be required as ChatGPT is still in the initial stages of development, and thus its potential and reliability of medical content from the Indian context need to be further explored comprehensively.
Forest As a Living Space: Rulership and Management in the Tenganan Pegringsingan Customary Forest, Karangasem Regency, Bali
Authors: Raharja Aloysius Gonzaga Dimas Bintarta , Baiquni Muhammad , Setiadi Setiadi 
Published: March 2024

Humans control their cultural environment, which is associated with biotic and abiotic environments, resulting in environmental sustainability. The indigenous community's existence in managing environmental resources must be examined more deeply from the perspective of human ecology. Therefore, this research aimed to examine and analyze the management of resources and environment, mainly the customary forest in the Tenganan Pegringsingan indigenous community. This research employed a participatory observation and spatial ethnography paradigm to understand the pattern of the Tenganan Pegringsingan customary forest management based on customary law (awig-awig), legal delegation (The Customary Forest Decree), and the access of stakeholders to the customary forest. The customary forest governance involved krama desa, the land inheritance rights owners of the Tenganan Pegringsingan indigenous community, and Penyakap, immigrants/krama sesambahan tillers in the customary forest. These three stakeholders had different spatial access to the customary forest as a place and a space.
Spatial Modelling Habitat Suitability of Javan Langur (<i>Trachypithecus auratus</i> É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1812) in Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park (TNBTS), East Java
Authors: Ningtyas Ari Nadya , Aryanti Nirmala Ayu , Susilo Tander Scila Serata Dwi , Rahmadana Mahmuddin , Agustin Ika Yuni 
Published: March 2024

Javan Langur (T. auratus) is well-known as one of endemic primates from Java, Bali and Lombok Islands. The activities of land clearing, vegetation conversing, wild hunting and illegal wildlife trading are the main causes of the extinction of the Javan Langur. It can be used as an important issue for conservation action by making prediction maps of suitable habitat potential, especially for species facing a high risk of extinction in the wild. We were documenting an information about potential habitat for Javan langur using spatial suitability model in order to provide rigorous information as the basis for conservation activities of Javan langur in TNBTS. We used Landsat-8 TM image and geospatial data to support analysis as a representative of environmental parameters in order to develop the habitat model. We were using maximum entropy (MaxEnt) algorithm refers to Javan langur presence or absence. The results showed that the suitability of the Javan langur habitat in TNBTS has an excellent model accuracy level with an AUC (Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristics) value of 0.964 and a standard deviation of 0.961. Parameters with the highest response values here are elevation, NDVI (Normalised Difference Vegetation Index) and temperatures.
First Report on Wild Occurrences of Phoenix Mushroom (<i>Pleurotus pulmonarius</i> Fr. Quél.) in Indonesia
Authors: Putra Ivan Permana , Nurhayat Oktan Dwi , Sibero Mada Triandala , Hermawan Rudy 
Published: March 2024

The genus Pleurotus is known as a commercially important mushroom and one of the most well-known cultivated mushrooms worldwide. Of many species of Pleurotus, the phoenix mushroom (P. pulmonarius) is cultivated in many countries, including Indonesia. In Indonesia, the farmers and larger companies usually use commercial strains of phoenix mushroom which they purchased from other countries. To date, there was no prior information regarding wild occurrences of P. pulmonarius in Indonesia. During our regular mushroom hunting in Sukabumi, West Java, Indonesia, some edible wild fruiting bodies of light brown Pleurotus were collected. The current study aimed to determine the taxonomical position of our specimens based on morphological and molecular evidence. The combination of morphological and molecular analysis confirmed our specimens as P. pulnonarius. Morphologically, our specimens were distinguished by the small to medium sized fruiting bodies, pileus light brown, pinkish brown, to pale brown, flabelliform in the beginning to expanding broadly ovoid in maturity, lamellae shortly to deeply decurrent, stipe fleshy, eccentric to lateral, concolorous with lamellae, Basidiospores cylindrical to ellipsoid, basidia clavate to club shaped, basidioles are abundant, oleiferous hyphae common. The BLAST result revealed that our specimens posed a high similarity to P. pulnonarius from several countries as the top hits. The ITS phylogenetic tree placed Pleurotus FIPIA-DEP51 in the same clade of P. pulnonarius with 100% BS value. This study reports for the first time the wild occurences of P. pulmonarius in Indonesia. Future study should be done to characterize the cultures of reported mushroom which can potentially be the local strain for cultivation of P. pulmonarius industry in Indonesia.
Intraspecific Variability and Phenetic Relationships of <i>Centella Asiatica</i> (L.) Urb. Accessions from Central Java Based on Morphological Characters’
Authors: Maruzy Anshary , Susandarini Ratna 
Published: March 2024

Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. is a plant species native to Java and one of the main basic materials in traditional and modern medicine. This study is the first to report the intraspecific variation and taxonomic relationships of C. asiatica accession from natural populations in Central Java. The purpose of this study was to reveal phenotypic variations of C. asiatica populations and to asses phenetic relationships based on morphological characters. Thirty-two accessions of C. asiatica were collected from natural populations from eight mountains in Central Java. Observation on vegetative organs resulted in 25 morphological characters as a basis for assessing phenetic relationships using cluster analysis and principal component analysis. Result of cluster analysis showed that the grouping of accessions was not correlated to the localities from where the samples were collected, although there was a tendency that accessions from the same localities grouped in one cluster. The results of this study confirmed the existence of intraspecies morphological variability in C. asiatica which was not affected by geographical aspects. Results of principal component analysis indicated that the grouping of accessions was mainly determined by similarities in petiole color, stolon color, leaf margin, petiole length, stolon length, and leaf color. Given that the characters contributing to the grouping of accessions were mainly qualitative characters, the results indicated a genetic basis underlying phenotypic variations of C. asiatica accession.
PENGARUH NILAI BUKU PER LEMBAR SAHAM, LIKUIDITAS DAN KEPEMILIKAN MANAJERIAL TERHADAP HARGA SAHAM
Authors: Anggreni Ni Kadek Rita , Astuti Partiwi Dwi , Intan Saputra Rini I Gusti Ayu 
Published: March 2024

Kepercayaan investor terhadap perusahaan di sektor transportasi menurun karena penurunan harga saham dianggap sebagai penurunan kinerja perusahaan, sehingga menimbulkan reaksi pasar, dan investor tidak optimis berinvestasi di perusahaan sub sektor transportasi. Selain itu, terdapat juga perbedaan hasil pengujian mengenai indikator – indikator yang dapat memberi pengaruh terhadap harga saham. Hal inilah yang menjadi latar belakang pengujian ini. Latar belakang dari analisis ini yakni guna menguji pengaruh nilai buku per lembar saham, likuiditas dan kepemilikan manajerial terhadap harga saham. Pengujian ini dilaksanakan pada perusahaan sektor transportasi yang terdaftar di BEI periode 2019-2021. Pengujian ini menerapkan metode purposive sampling sebagai metode dalam menentukan jumlah sampel. Data dari uji ini dikumpulkan melalui metode dokumentasi selain itu data diolah dengan menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil pengujian ini menjelaskan nilai buku per lembar saham dan kepemilikan manajerial menunjukkan hubungan positif serta signifikan terhadap harga saham, dan likuiditas menunjukkan hubungan positif serta tidak signifikan terhadap harga saham.