bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Training managers constructing their identities in English health and care agencies
Authors: Bell Linda 
Published: June 2007

PurposeThe “Training to Communicate” research (1999‐2001) explored “communication” training needs and provision in 76 health and social care public and independent sector agencies in London and South East England, including enhancement of work with adults having communication impairments. The focus of this paper is to examine how training managers discussed their activities and constructed their identities as training “experts”.Design/methodology/approachSeventeen semi‐structured interviews with male and female managers responsible for key aspects of training (workforce development) in public health trusts or social services agencies are analysed using a narrative approach. The wider project included a questionnaire‐based survey of agency representatives and documentary analysis of training materials.FindingsHealth and social care services were undergoing extensive reorganization as part of wider managerialist agendas. Discourses of “change”, “continuous improvement” and “quality” therefore pervaded all aspects of these organizations. Interviewees identified with “new” (managerial) occupational knowledges and identities but some appeared to be in an ambiguous position, negotiating between “new” occupational knowledges and identities, and “old” identities based on occupational/practitioner expertise. Aspects of this positioning appeared gendered; female interviewees often readily embraced “new” managerialist identity(ies). Interviewees discussed collaborative processes (in “space” not “place”), including networking, managing relationships with other managers within the organization, and broader “political” awareness, to justify their own positions, responsibilities and performances as “training” experts.Originality/valueThis research extends theories on gendered performances in higher education contexts to public sector, work‐based education settings.
Marketing as warfare, revisited
Authors: Kolar Tomaž , Toporišič Andrej 
Published: June 2007

PurposeThis paper aims to encourage thinking beyond the limits of obsolete and superficial “warfare marketing” by exploring potentially useful lessons from modern military intelligence and strategy for marketing intelligence and planning.Design/methodology/approachKey contemporary trends and approaches to strategy are identified in the literature, and used as the basis for discussion of the possibility of productive knowledge transfer between the two fields.FindingsComparisons of the conventional (linear, rationalistic, analytical) planning approach with unconventional modern approaches (flexible, technological, voluntary and context‐based) suggest some advanced implications for the planning of marketing strategy.Practical implicationsThe rethinking of some underlying strategic assumptions is suggested, and the implications discussed within each of the four areas of a proposed framework: marketing doctrine and structures, intelligence and effectiveness, soft resources, and the process of strategic planning.Originality/valuePresents a more balanced and up to date view of the parallels between strategy and planning in the modern military context and in contemporary marketing practice, with particular respect to the complementary roles of intelligence/technology and human/societal aspects.
Academia marketing myopia and the cult of the PhD
Authors: Boddy Clive R. 
Published: June 2007

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate and comment critically on the influence that an observable career requirement for marketing academics, the PhD, has on their teaching, their research, and the much‐debated “gap” between marketing academics and marketing practitioners.Design/methodology/approachA review of the literature and of secondary sources of general data is combined with the author's own past research findings to arrive at a coherent, personal point of view.FindingsA strong focus on “scientific” research in the marketing discipline has caused a form of academic myopia, and precipitated a debate on the role of research in business schools, somewhat belatedly. The conclusion in this paper is that academic research skills, and doctoral study in particular, are not a de facto prerequisite for effective teaching of an applied discipline to future practitioners. The PhD is not necessarily the good predictor of future publication that it is assumed to be. The research output of doctoral researchers, typically with little or no business, is seen as irrelevant by business, contributing to the academic‐practitioner divide.Practical implicationsThe findings link current recruitment policies with future performance, and rekindle the debate on the pernicious role of the PhD in marketing education.Originality/valueThe author dares to question the research foundations on which modern universities have built themselves, and the role of doctoral research in the transmission of knowledge from business schools to business.
Digital library intellectual property right evaluation and method
Authors: Zhang Wende 
Published: June 2007

PurposeThe paper aims to focus on the needs of the digital library.Design/methodology/approachDigital library intellectual property right evaluation and method, application scope of commonly used methods, and digital library copyright evaluation and method are analyzed and discussed in the paper.FindingsThe paper finds that, for the electronic resources, the number of copiers, the term of usage, quantity of information, copyright, and the contract with authors should be considered; for technologies used in the digital library, the evaluation should cover the novelty, inventiveness, usefulness, and the access mode. In addition, the quantitative and qualitative should be combined with experience to evaluate virtual library resources and actual resources with stable right of use.Originality/valueThe paper provides recommendations on digital library intellectual property rights evaluation and methods.
Rapid and the new interlending: a cooperative document supply system in the USA
Authors: Delaney Tom 
Published: June 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this article is to describe the development of Rapid, a successful document supply system in the USA.Design/methodology/approachThe paper provides a descriptive analysis.FindingsFinds that Rapid reduces costs and speeds up the fulfillment of document supply requests by using a well integrated system that precisely identifies holdings statements of participating libraries.Originality/valueGives a good insight into the workings of a cooperative document supply system in the USA with possible applications in other countries.
Document supply in Italy: actual models and future perspectives
Authors: Vaglio Anna 
Published: June 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this article is to offer a view to non‐Italian librarians on Italian document supply (DS) developments and to submit to Italian DS librarians some points for discussion and some problems to solve.Design/methodology/approachItalian DS is described from the perspective of a large university library's interactions with its users (faculty, undergraduate students and researchers) and its suppliers (Italian and European libraries together with non‐library suppliers). Some characteristics of Italian library systems can be better understood by referring to the historical context; other characteristics reflect the difficulty of considering DS services as a strategic service integrated with other services.FindingsItalian DS services reveal two models of organisation and strategy, the networked and the independent. Four key factors are changing the target population, partners, policies and the role of DS in Italy: university reform, the increasing number of online full text journals available in universities, transdisciplinary research, and the internet.Originality/valueThe article can be used by non‐Italian librarians to obtain information about Italian libraries and their DS services. It gives some useful URLs and some guidance to finding documents via Italian OPACs.
Availability allocation through importance measures
Authors: Barabady Javad , Kumar Uday 
Published: June 2007

PurposeTo define availability importance measures in order to calculate the criticality of each component or subsystem from the availability point of view and also to demonstrate the application of such importance measures for achieving optimal resource allocation to arrive at the best possible availability.Design/methodology/approachIn this study the availability importance measures of a component are defined as a partial derivative of the system availability with respect to the component availability, failure rate, and repair rate. Analyses of these measures for a crushing plant are performed and the results are presented. Furthermore, a methodology aimed at improving the availability of a system using the concept of importance measures is identified and demonstrated by use of a numerical example.FindingsThe availability importance measure of a component/subsystem is an index which shows how far an individual component contributes to the overall system availability. The research study indicates that the availability importance measures could be applied in developing a strategy for availability improvement. The subsystem/component with the largest value of importance measure has the greatest effect on the system availability.Research limitations/implicationsThe result of availability improvement strategy is demonstrated using only a hypothetical example.Practical implicationsUsing availability importance measures will help managers and engineers to identify weaknesses and indicate modifications which will improve the system availability.Originality/valueThis paper presents the concept of availability importance measure for a component/subsystem. It also introduces some availability importance measures based on failure rate, mean time between failures (MTBF), and repair rate/mean time to repair (MTTR) of a component /subsystem. The concept of importance measures is used to prioritise the components or subsystems for the availability improvement process.
We've got to stop meeting like this
Authors: Marren Patrick 
Published: June 2007

PurposeThe paper provides the author's opinions about key issues in strategy and the future to the readership.Design/methodology/approachThe paper takes the form of an opinion column.FindingsDifferent sizes of groups must be used for different business purposes.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper is based not on rigorous research, but on the author's experience of planning engagements across a wide variety of private and public enterprises.Practical implicationsThe paper illustrates a couple of points that are perhaps insufficiently appreciated.Originality/valueThe paper expresses opinions that the author believes have not been expressed in quite this way before.
Building the enterprise of the future
Authors: Murray Arthur J. , Sekella Matthew E. 
Published: June 2007

PurposeThe paper seeks to examine briefly the economic drivers of the past, how those drivers have changed, and how business and government leaders need to respond by transforming their organizations into knowledge‐based enterprises.Design/methodology/approachThe approach applies the principles of classical economic theory, which were grounded primarily in the valuation of tangible goods, to an economy in which intangible goods, such as information and knowledge, are the predominant forms of capital.FindingsThe perishability of intangible goods is accelerating, and is further exacerbated by increased globalization. Valuation‐based theories of money and pricing, which have been overlooked in the past, have resurfaced, and must be understood and practised by business and government leaders alike. In response to these challenges, organizations must design and implement systems which support fast learning and rapid innovation. These new systems are called “knowledge factories”.Practical implicationsThe major shifts in the economy are not readily visible on the surface. In order to compete in a flat world, business and government leaders must revisit classical economic theory and understand how to apply it to today's knowledge economy. For example, in the past, talent moved to where it was treated best. Now, the knowledge workforce lives where it chooses, and much of the work comes to them. This has significant human capital and supply chain consequences.Originality/valueThere are many positive outcomes, not the least of which is a more robust economy that takes full advantage of globalization, possibly to the point of approaching a system of near‐perfect competition. With the eventuality of bringing six billion minds to bear on solving complex problems, the potential exists for a greatly improved lifestyle, continued explosive growth in human knowledge, and increased prosperity, especially for those at the bottom of the economic pyramid.
Digital social network technology and the complex organizational systems
Authors: Hasgall Alon , Shoham Snunith 
Published: June 2007

PurposeIn a competitive business environment, organizations must leverage their resources efficiently in order to provide system‐wide solutions and maintain the standards all customers expect. To do so, the resources must be integrated; however, the integration of information and resources within organizations has thus far not produced satisfactory results. In contrast, it has been found that efficient, ongoing and timely transfer of information is conducted over the internet. This research seeks to examine whether the use of internet technology within organizations can indeed enhance and streamline the ability of employees to function as fractals in complex organizations.Design/methodology/approachThe research is a qualitative study, allowing for the examination of behavior in the organizational reality as is, by analyzing interviews and observations of over 60 employees in different organizations.FindingsIt is found that the ability of a digital social network to create immediate system‐wide solutions, together with a management approach that transforms the organization into a complex adaptive system, allows employees to behave as fractals – i.e. to share applied‐knowledge, to take responsibility for performance and management of the processes, to update their superiors, and to develop self‐management abilities at the local level.Originality/valueSocial networks in organizations should be viewed as a shared “knowledge” system. Use of the network is “natural” and less rational and synchronized up front. However, it must be backed by a relevant management culture that enables all employees to serve as fractals in a complex adaptive system. In this manner, employees can contribute personally to work processes, determine their needs, and receive credit.
Commercial satellite imagery: CI, KM, and trade secret law
Authors: Gayton Cynthia M. 
Published: June 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the implications of remote surveillance or satellite imagery as they relate to trade secret law, knowledge management, and competitive intelligence.Design/methodology/approachThe paper approaches legal issues from the perspective of a trade secret holder.FindingsWhile conducting research for this paper, it was found that, while technological improvements relating to satellite imagery and remote sensing are increasingly more precise and ubiquitous, the laws protecting businesses that have an interest in protecting trade secrets are inconsistent. On the one hand, the US Government has given itself a powerful tool to protect trade secrets under the Economic Espionage Act. On the other hand, the Government has granted remote satellite companies licences under which they may sell satellite images to industrial competitors, consequently thwarting trade secret protection effortsOriginality/valueTrade secrets represent a valuable contribution to a nation's economy, particularly when some interventions do not meet the requirements necessary for more traditional intellectual property regime protection (e.g. copyright, trade mark, patents). A trade secret's value lies in it remaining hidden. There are few cases addressing trade secrets and satellite imagery. The stalwart case, E.I. duPont deNemours & Co., Inc. v. Rolfe Christopher, represents a tentative foray into the subject, but only suggests the rights a trade secret holder may have when a commercial satellite company collects otherwise innocuous data and sells those to a competitor. A proper plaintiff to test the boundaries surrounding trade secret law, satellite imagery, and competitive intelligence remains at large.
New epoxy resins for printed wiring board applications
Authors: Hoevel Bernd , Valette Ludovic , Gan Joseph 
Published: June 2007

PurposeThis paper seeks to give an overview of problems arising with the change to lead‐free soldering and to give guidance on possible counter actions in the context of the chemical structure of the base material.Design/methodology/approachThe paper contains a number of correlations between different physical measurements and their impacts on real life processing conditions. The problem areas are highlighted and the corrective actions that need to be taken on the base materials are described. The impact of the choice of flame retardant on material properties is demonstrated.FindingsResults suggest that conventional resin systems seem to be still suitable for standard FR‐4 applications with only a few reflow cycles. Higher thermally resistant products are necessary for more complex structures that require multiple reflow cycles. There are basically two ways to increase the thermal resistance. Replace dicyandiamide by a phenolic hardener or change to a bromine‐free flame retardant. Both approaches are successful in raising the decomposition temperature, with the latter having the additional advantage of achieving better electrical performance and lower density.Originality/valueThe value of the paper lies in its ability to provide guidance on the critical base material properties. It describes the change in physical properties that laminates will see when moving up in temperature to facilitate lead‐free soldering. Selection criteria for base materials are given in order to neutralize the impact of the higher temperature.
Human resource management and Native people: a checklist of concerns and responses
Authors: Walle Alf H. 
Published: June 2007

PurposeThe paper aims to show that human resource management professionals need to consider the uniqueness of Native, indigenous, and traditional people.Design/methodology/approachA number of key issues demanding attention are analyzed in a non‐exhaustive discussion of relevant topics.FindingsThe paper finds that organizations may lack the perspectives, insights, and skills they need to effectively respond to the needs and demands of employees/potential employees who are members of Native, indigenous, and traditional cultures.Originality/valueThis paper provides a timely discussion of this important topic in ways that have immediate practitioner application as well as suggesting additional research, dialogue, and thought.
Why do we ignore the best solution for improving unequal income distribution?
Authors: Nissim Ben‐David 
Published: June 2007

PurposeThis paper aims to propose a tax reform that would reduce income taxes and other indirect taxes while at the same time increasing inheritance and estate taxes. Such a reform is economically very efficient and would certainly equalize income distribution.Design/methodology/approachA wide review of the death and inheritance taxes in the USA and Europe is presented.FindingsGovernment's revenue from inheritance and gifts is lower than 1 percent of GDP. This is due mainly to a combination of considerable tax‐free allowances for the closest relatives and high thresholds where the top rates apply. No empirical examination of the effect of inheritance tax on economic growth or economic efficiency could be found.Practical implicationsBecause inheritance taxes are economically efficient, they improve the immoral unequal income distribution drastically. Therefore, it should be concluded that inheritance tax must be implemented.Originality/valueThis paper discusses the various economic aspects of the proposed tax reform.
Block‐holder ownership, family control and post‐listing performance of French IPOs
Authors: Chahine Salim 
Published: June 2007

PurposeWhile advantageous, the role of family control is under‐explored in finance. Family ownership can help guarantee stability of business and long‐term planning. The purpose of this study is to examine whether block‐holder ownership differentially affects the long‐term performance of initial public offerings (IPOs), and verifies whether this effect differs between family and non‐family IPOs.Design/methodology/approachUsing a sample of 163 French IPOs from 1996 to 2000, this paper examines the links between family control and the first‐year market performance. It focuses on IPOs where both families and Venture Capitalists (VCs) are engaged to lock‐in their shareholdings for a period of one year following the IPO date, and are thus expected, at least in the case of families, to provide an effective monitoring during this period.FindingsThe main findings bring support to the entrenchment hypothesis and show a negative, but weak, relationship between block‐holder ownership and the first year market performance (p=10 per cent). Moreover, there is cubic relationship between family ownership and post‐listing market performance where the first‐year buy‐and‐hold first decreases, then increases, and finally reverts to decline.Originality/valueWhile most of prior research focuses on the association between ownership and governance effects on firms’ performances in publicly‐owned firms, this study demonstrates links between family control and performance in issuing firms operating in France, where family‐controlled IPOs are a common model of corporate governance.
Order and scale of market entry, firm resources, and performance
Authors: Rodríguez‐Pinto Javier , Gutiérrez‐Cillán Jesús , Rodríguez‐Escudero Ana I. 
Published: June 2007

PurposeThis paper aims to examine whether order and scale of market entry influence a new product's market and financial performance, and how marketing and R&D resources strengthen or weaken these effects.Design/methodology/approachThrough a mail survey, data were collected on a sample of 136 product launches by Spanish manufacturing firms. A moderated hierarchical regression analysis enabled the assessment of the relevance of order and scale as well as their interactions with marketing and R&D resources to explain a product's competitive position. Moreover, a mediation analysis allowed us to determine whether market entry strategy (indirectly) affects financial performance.FindingsThe analyses show that pioneering firms and those entering the market with a full‐scale launch achieve advantages in terms of competitive position, and that this variable mediates the relationship of order and scale with profitability. The empirical results also reveal that such advantages are conditioned by the availability of marketing and R&D resources.Practical implicationsThe decisions regarding order and scale of market entry are contingent. Managers involved in the planning of a new product launch should be knowledgeable about their firm's resources and capabilities before determining when and how to enter the market.Originality/valueMany papers study the effects of order‐of‐entry on market share, but other dimensions of a new product launch strategy, such as scale, have largely been ignored. The research examines the effects of both variables on competitive position and profitability. This is also one of the first studies that explores the moderating effect exerted by resources and capabilities in the launch strategy‐performance relationship.