bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Congenital choanal atresia and nerve deafness
Authors: Brama Israel , Engelhard Dan 
Published: November 2007

SummaryFOUR cases of bilateral congenital choanal atresia are presented. Three of them (75 per cent) were shown by Electric Response Audiometry (ERA) tests to have, in addition, congenital nerve deafness; and two had other congenital anomalies. Thus, congenital nerve deafness should be considered as a possible congenital anomaly associated with choanal atresia. Early diagnosis and treatment of congenital choanal atresia can prevent death from asphyxia during the neonatal period, but after surgical correction of the atresia the possible existence of additional anomalies has to be determined and treated.By the use of electric response audiometry we are able to detect sensorineural hearing loss during the neonatal period and can plan the rehabilitation of deaf infants.
Suction tube noise and myringotomy
Authors: Spencer M. G. 
Published: November 2007

AbstactThe possibility of a noise-induced hearing loss occurring as a result of a high level of sucker-tip noise in myringtomy for seromucinous otitis media is discussed, A group of twenty-four ears is investigated and the noise levels generated by the suction tube are mearsured at operation by means of a probe microphone lowered into the external auditory meatus The conclusions reached are that, although the sound levels attained are at times quite high, they are not of suffcient amplitude, nor are they present for a suffcient length of time, to produce a sencori-neural hearing loss.
The distribution of neuroglia and schwann cells in the 8th nerve of man
Authors: Bridger M. W. M. , Farkashidy J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe 8th cranial nerve has been dissected from 23 adult temporal bones at autopsy and studied histologically. It was found that neuroglial tissue, continuous with that in the brain stem, supported 8th nerve axons to just beyond the mid-point of the nerve. Lateral to this, axons are supported by Schwann cells and neurilemmal sheaths with a short [junctional zone] intervening. The point at which the transition occurred, from neuroglial to Schwann cell portions, was medial to the porus in 56 per cent of cases, level with the porus in 18 per cent, and within the internal auditory canal in 26 per cent. The relevance of these findings to some aspects of 8th nerve pathology and surgery is discussed.
The sphenoid sinus mucocoele
Authors: Sellars S. L. , De Villiers J. C. 
Published: November 2007

SummaryMucocoeles, mucopyocoeles and empyemas of the sphenoid sinus are rare, but potentially dangerous. Their occurrence is accompanied by a multitude of clinical symptoms and signs, which confuse the diagnosis and may lead to its mismanagement. The treatment of this condition is surgical and in its early states essentially simple.At Groote Schuur Hospital over a 6-year period (1972–1977) 6 patients with mucocoeles, mucopyocoeles or abscesses of the sphenoid sinuses have been seen. Their clinical presentation, radiological findings and surgical treatment are described and discussed. Correctly managed this condition should completely resolve; however, there is a mortality associated with delay or misdiagnosis.
Optic nerve decompression in head injuries
Authors: Karnik P. P. , Maskati B. T. , Kirtane M. V. , Tonsekar K. S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractDiminution of vision arising from head injuries involving the optic foramen can be treated by transethmoidal decompression of the optic froamen can be treated by transethomidal decompression of the optic nerve. Early surgery is associated with good recovery of function. In this paper, the surgical procedure is discussed, with the results in 10 cases.
Unusual leiomyoma of the nose (leiomyoblastoma): Report of a case
Authors: Papavasiliou A. , Michaels L. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractLeiomyomas or benign tumours of smooth muscle origin are extremely rare in the nose, due to the paucity of significant masses of smooth muscle in this region. A review of the literature revealed only six cases of leiomyoma (Fu and Perzin, 1975; Kambayashi, 1978; MacCaffrey et al., 1978; Maesaka et al., 1966; Kotaka and Furuya, 1973) previously reported and no case of nasal leiomyoblastoma. This variety of benign smooth muscle tumour has been mostly described in the gastrointestinal tract and uterus (Stout, 1962). In this paper we report a case of an unusual nasal leiomyoma arising from the middle turbinate. We believe it is the first in the literature.
Sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy in a Nigerian child
Authors: Adekeye E. O. , Edwards M. B. , Goubran G. F. 
Published: November 2007

SummarySinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy is a rare, benign lympho-proliferative disorder of unknown aetiology that chiefly affects the cervical lymphnodes of children. Various extranodal manifestations are recognized, especially in the head and neck. A case is described in a Nigerian child that illustrates problems of differential diagnosis.
Management of the stapes footplate with special reference to otosclerosis
Authors: Shea John J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe history of the description of otosclerosis is presented in detail, beginning with Toynbee in 1857, together with the development of the surgical treatment beginning with Kessel in 1876. The prominent European and American contributors to this development are presented, with emphasis on the evolution of thinking with regard to surgical treatment as new information became available and new instruments were invented.
Variability and habituation of nystagmic responses to hot caloric stimulation of normal subjects
Authors: Davey P. G. , Harpur E. S. , Jabeen F. , Shannon D. , Shenoi P. M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractExperiments were performed on 25 otoneurologically ‘normal’ subjects to evaluate the hot caloric test as a screening test for aminoglycoside vestibular toxicity.Using portable equipment under non-ideal conditions, it was found that there was a large inter-subject variability in nystagmic response and that, instead of a random test-retest variability, a systagmic variation in response occurred on repeated caloric stimulation with water at 44°C.A response deline (habituation) evident in both the maximum slow phase velocity and the maximum frequency occurred at second test, although the inter-test interval ranged from 24 to 72 hours.After a 3-month interval with no intervening tests, the mean value of the maximum frequency reverted back to the original level. However, there was still a significant reduction in maximum slow phase velocity at this time. Some individuals had a sustanined reduction in both parameters.Hence it is concluded that the hot caloric test, used under the conditions described in this study, is not a suitable serial screening method for aminoglycoside vestibular toxicity. The reproducibility of this test under other conditions, or any other caloric test, should be established in normal subjects befre employing, it as a serial screen for aminoglycoside vestibular toxicity.
Myoepithelioma of the external auditory canal
Authors: Chen Karl T. K. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA Case of myoepithelioma of the external auditory canal is reported. Deapite the presence of significant mitotic activity this tumore showed a benign biological behaviour as evidenced by the 7-year disease-free follow-up.Myoepithelioma, a variant of pleomorphic adenoma composed predominantly of myoepithelial cells (Batsakis, 1979), has been reported with increasing frequency. This report desceibes a myoepithelioma of the external auditory canal, an anatomic site which has not previously been reported for this tumor type.
Late results of tympanoplasty using ossicle or cortical bone
Authors: Ojala K. , Sorri M. , Vainio-Mattila J. , Sipilä P. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractHearing results are presented for 164 ears with chronic otitis media which were operated on radically and obliterated with a musculo-periosteal flap (Palva flap), and in which tympanoplasty was performed. The ears were followed-up annualy for 5–13 years (mean 6.8 years). Results are compared with the method of ossiculoplasty and with the condition of the stapes superstructure at operation. Ossiculoplasty using autogenous cortical bone columellas resulted in a somewhat greater improvement in the post-operative air-bone gap than ossiculoplasty with auto- or homo-graft ossicles, when compared wih the pre-operative gap. Similarly, the post-operative gap improved more in ears with an intact stapes superstructure than in ears in which the stapes superstructure was absent. The use of an autogenous cortical bone columella can be recommended in cases in which the patient's own ossicles are affected by disease and cannot be used.
Ear disease in a group general practice
Authors: Berzon D. B. 
Published: November 2007

SummaryThis five-year survey of ear disease in a London population of 10,000 is considered to be a valid description of the incidence of ear disease presenting in a general practice community, since all patients were examined and diagnosed either by the author or by the district hospital Ear, Nose and Throat Department. The results agreed generally with the findings of the National Morbidity Surveys, but a more comprehensive range of ear disease is described. There is general agreement, between this and other surveys in the United Kingdom and the United States, that the most common ear diseases presenting in general practice populations are acute suppurative otitis media and impacted wax, followed by presbyacusis, secretory otitis media, chronic suppurative otitis media, vertigo and traumatic deafness due to noise, blast or head injury. However, the incidence of these and other diseases differs greatly in many countries throughout the world and some aetiological factors are suggested.The evidence in this paper points to the continuing need for the investigation of the incidence and aetiology of some ear diseases in many parts of the world.
Malignant hemangiopericytoma of the nasal cavity
Authors: de Campora E. , Calabrese V. , Bianchi P. M. , Camaioni A. , Corradini C. 
Published: November 2007

SummaryHaemangiopericytoma is only rarely localized in the nasal cavity. The authors' experience with one case has prompted them to review the literature critically, in order to understand better the most appropriate diagnostic procedures and therapeutic measures.
Cross-links between stereocilia in the human organ of Corti
Authors: Rhys Evans Peter H. , Comis Spiro D. , Osborne Michael P. , Pickles James O. , Jeffries David J. R. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractHuman cochleae were fixed in glutaraldehyde, without the use of osmium. Crosslinks were seen between the stereocilia, similar to those we have previously reported for the guinea pig: first, stereocilia of the same row on each hair cell were joined by horizontally-running links; secondly, the shorter stereocilia had pointed tips, each giving rise to a single, vertically-pointing link, which ran upwards to join the adjacent taller stereocilium of the next row. We suggest that distortion of this link is involved in sensory transduction. The links were sparser than had been seen in the guinea pig which may be a reflection of the vulnerability of the links to nonoptimal fixation, and the greater difficulty in producing good fixation in human specimens.
Usher's syndrome type III: ENG findings in four affected and six unaffected siblings
Authors: Karjalainen S. , Teräsvirta M. , Kärjä J. , Kääriäinen H. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractEng recordings showed abnormal findings in subjects affects by Usher's syndrome and in unaffected siblings. Unaffected subjects with hearing impairment may be heterozygote carriers with inner ears more sensitive to various injurious stimulti, e.g. noise, than those of healthy subjects. Vestibular tests may facilitate the detection of heterozygote carriers but the number of patients studied by us is too small to allow definitive conclusions to be reached.
Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of maxilla following radiotherapy for bilateral retinoblastoma
Authors: Nishizawa S. , Hayashida T. , Horiguchi S. , Inouye K. , Imamura T. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA 20-year-old man developed a malignant fibrous histiocytoma in the right maxilla 19 years after irradiation for bilateral retinoblastoma.The incidence of second tumours in patients who survived bilateral retinoblastoma treated with radiation was 8.5 per cent. Malignant fibrous histiocytomas which arise in a site of prior radiation are fatal. The present case is presumed to have the autosomal dominant retinoblastoma gene, not associated with deletion of the q 14 band of chromosome 13. The patient succumbed to the second tumour.
The doubtful value of tympanometry in the diagnosis of otosclerosis
Authors: Browning G. G. , Swan I. R. C. , Gatehouse S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractMany consider that the compliance of the middle ear as measured from the tympanogram can be helpful in diagnosing otosclerosis. To test this assertion, the compliance in 34 individuals with surgically proven otosclerosis was compared with the compliance in 34 age and sex matched, normal controls, randomly selected from the population. Though the mean compliance was different in the two groups, there was considerable overlap in the range of values which severely limits the practical usefulness of tympanometry.If the level of compliance is taken at which a false negative diagnosis would be made in 10 per cent of otosclerotic ears, a false positive diagnosis of otosclerosis would be made in 88 per cent of normal ears. If the level of compliance is taken at which a false positive diagnosis of otosclerosis would be made in 10 per cent of normal ears, 72 per cent of ears with otosclerosis would be considered normal.It is concluded that tympanometry will not help to arrive at a diagnosis of otosclerosis.
Extra-nasopharyngeal extension of juvenile angiofibroma
Authors: Hazarika P. , Nayak R. G. , Chandran Mohan 
Published: November 2007

AbstractNasopharyngeal angiofibroma (NPA) is a highly vascular, infiltrative tumour that occurs exclusively in the nasopharynx of young males. It is of special interest on account of its serious complications, and the difficulties that are encountered at the time of treatment. Various surgical approaches have been mentioned for both naso- and extra-nasopharyngeal angiofibromas. But a massive extra-NPA involving the naso-spheno-oro-palato-maxillary-infratemporal region, orbit and cheek is difficult to treat adequately with any of the approaches so far described in the literature. In these cases, a more radical approach (constituting embolization and subsequent clamping or ligation of the external carotid artery followed by total maxillectomy) may be needed. These procedures will not only give a dry operative field but also adequate exposure to the different parts of the extension of the tumour, thereby facilitating complete removal without any risk of recurrence.
Conservative surgical management of invasive differentiated thyroid cancer
Authors: Shvili Y. , Zohar Y. , Buller N. , Laurian N. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe majority of well differentiated thyroid carcinoma are tumours of low grade malignancy. Laryngotracheal invasion by well differentiated thyroid carcinoma is an uncommon occurrence. The surgical management of patients with thyroid cancer invading the upper airway has primarily been by total laryngectomy. Other surgeons recommend in selected cases partial laryngeal and/or tracheal resection.A total of 122 patients with thyroid carcinoma were treated in our department between 1967 and 1982. Only seven patients with well differentiated tumours had airway invasion. In these seven patients we used a partial laryngeal and/or tracheal resection. In three of the patients with tracheal invasion a myoperichondrial flap was used for closing the tracheal defect. A partial resection of the larynx and trachea, and end to end anastomosis between the trachea and the remaining part of the larynx was performed in another four patients.
Synchronous parotid tumors of different histiological types in association with metastasizing hypopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Meikle David , Yarington C. Thomas 
Published: November 2007

SummaryAt operation for metastasizing carcinoma of the piriform sinus a patient was found to have two separate parotid tumors, one a pleomorphic adenoma and the other a papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum (Warthin's tumor). These tumors presented as palpable masses on the same side as a lymph node involved with carcinoma. Synchronous parotid tumors of different types are rare; previous reports in the literature show that this combination of pleomorphic adenoma and Warthin's tumor is the most common. We have found no previous report of multiple parotid neoplasms in a patient with coexistent squamous carcinoma of the head and neck.
Oropharyngeal anthrax
Authors: Navacharoen N. , Sirisanthana T. , Navacharoen W. , Ruckphaopunt K. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe first bacteriologically confirmed case of oropharyngeal anthrax is described. A 59-year-old male patient presented with sore throat and extensive swelling of the neck and anterior chest wall five hours after the ingestion of uncooked water buffalo meat. Marked inflammation of the oropharynx and a small necrotic area in the left tonsil were found. Culture taken from this area grew Bacillus anthracis. In anthrax-susceptible areas, this acute illness should be added to the differential diagnoses of inflammatory lesion of the oropharynx with extensive neck swelling.
Hearing improvement after stapedectomy: Up to 19 years' follow-up period
Authors: Birch L. , Elbrønd O. , Pedersen U. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe long-term results of 925 stapedectomies were analysed after a mean follow-up period of 15 years. Patients who had the operation before the age of 30 were analysed separately. The entire group deteriorated by an average of 0.91 dB/year at 500–2000 Hz, while the under-30 group deteriorated by 0.67 dB/year. There were but slight differences in the conductive component, considering frequencies and age. The perceptive loss'year was not far from that in a normal population.
Silastic coated incus in tympanoplasty: a preliminary report
Authors: Bonding Per , Jensen Jørgen Hedegaard 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIn 54 ears lacking the stapedial arch and the long process of the incus, ossiculoplasty was performed with a shaped auto-or homologous incus as columella. In 29 of the ears, the deep, slender part of the columella was coated with a silastic tube in order to prevent adhesions and dislocation. One year after the operation the functional results were similar in patients with silastic coating of the incus to those without. It is concluded that the less satisfactory results of tympanoplasty in such ears are primarily caused by factors outside the niche of the oval window. Possible ways of improving the results are discussed.
Heterotopic salivary tissue and branchial sinuses
Authors: Shvero J. , Hadar T. , Avidor I. , Abraham A. , Sidi J. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract Heterotopic salivary tissue and branchial sinuses occur not infrequently (Goddman et al., 1981; Stingle and Priebe, 1974), caused probably by heteroplasia within remants of the second cleft (Stingle, 1974). Bilateral lesions which presented clinically as branchial cleft sinuses have been removed from a patient's neck; both of them proved to be branchial cleft sinuses with elements of slivary tissue.The paper describes sailvary tissue and branchial sinuses along the anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle on both sides of the neck and bilateral preauricular fistulae occurring in a boy and probably in his sister.
The use of Acyclovir in Ramsay Hunt Syndrome
Authors: Stafford F. W. , Welch A. R. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAcyclovir is a specific anti-viral agent which has been used in the treatment of the Ramsay Hunt Syndrome with encouraging results. To our knowledge, no previous study has been published utilizing this treatment. A discussion is also undertaken of the underlying pathology and prognosis of the Ramsay Hunt Syndrome, with a summary of those cases in which Acyclovir was prescribed.
Secretory otitis media—Evidence for an inherited aetiology
Authors: Rockley T. J. , Evans P. H. Rhys 
Published: November 2007

SummaryIn a study to determine whether or not there is a familial or hereditary pre-disposition to develop secretory otitis media (SOM), the parents of 73 children with presistent SOM and 35 controls were examined clinically, and abnormalities of the tympanic membrane (TM) noted. Analysis of the findings suggests that heredity plays a large part in determining a child's likelihood of developing SOM.
Instrumental perforation of the oesophagus A ten year study from two ENT clinics
Authors: Rådmark Thure , Sandberg Nils , Pettersson Gösta 
Published: November 2007

AbstractDuring the 10-year period 1972–1981, 3,688 and 867 oesophagoscopies were performed at two ENT clinics of a university hospital and of a country hospital with an incidence of oesophageal perforation of 0.8 per cent and 1.1 per cent respectively.Rigid instruments were used in all cases, most often in combination with dilatation of a benign stricture.
The long-term results of hyoid-sternohyoid grafts in the correction of subglottic stenosis
Authors: Freeland A. P. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe long-term follow-up of eight patients with established subglottic stenosis managed with a composite hyoid-sternohyoid graft is reported. Four of these patients were children. All but one of the patients were extubated within four months of surgery. The reconstructed airway is shown to grow with age and re-stenosis has not occurred. Apart from post-operative granulation tissue at the repair site, the major complication has been a breathy voice in two children due to overwidening of the larynx.
Long-term viability of transplanted ossicles
Authors: Lang J. , Kerr A. G. , Smyth G. D. L. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractDoubt has been raised about the long-term suitability of ossicular implants in tympanoplasty. Twenty-three ossicular implants that had been in the middle ear for a mean duration of 9.6 years were examined histologically by light microscopy. Although there were only two specimens showing subtotal replacement of the dead ossicular implant by new bone, the structural integrity of all implants was maintained and there was no evidence of overt osteoclastic bone resorption. Therefore our findings support the concept of prolonged survival of ossicular implants in the middle ear and we do not see any good reason for abandoning their use in reconstructive tympanoplasty.
The variability of fixation suppression of caloric-induced nystagmus
Authors: Schuchman Gerald , Uri Nechama 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTwelve normal adults were evaluated to determine their capacity to suppress caloric-induced nystagmus by visual fixation. Fixation suppression (FS) was assessed four times during the routine Fitzgerald-Hallpike caloric procedure. The results were characterized by large inter-subject as well as intra-subject variability. It is cautioned that diagnostic categories should not be inferred on the basis of absolute numeric values of FS.
Delayed brainstem auditory evoked reponses in experimental diabetes mellitus
Authors: Buller N. , Laurian N. , shvili I. , Laurian L. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe brainstem auditory evoked responses (BAER) were utilized for the evaluation of central neural transmission in alloxan-induced diabetes in rats. The mean latencies of waves I, III, V and the interpeak latencies III-V and I-V were prolonged in diabetic rats as compared to the same rats before alloxan administration. The incidence of abnormal BAER was more frequent in the group of rats with severe diabetes (82 per cent) than in mildly diabetic animals (42 per cent). Our results may suggest the presence of a central neuropathy in experimental diabetes, which can be detected by the method of BAER.