bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trends and characteristics of compensated occupational cancer in Ontario, Canada, 1937–2003
Authors: Pichora Erin C. , Payne Jennifer I. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractBackgroundIn Canada, administrative databases maintained by provincial workers' compensation boards are often the best or the only available data source for describing trends and characteristics of occupational cancer. In Ontario, approximately 75% of the labor force is covered by the Ontario Workplace Safety and Insurance Board (WSIB) and allowed cancer claims date back to 1937.MethodsThe purpose of this study was to describe WSIB‐allowed cancer claims by worker demographics, claim characteristics, year of filing, cancer type, and work exposure measures including workplace agent, occupation and industry.ResultsIn total, claims were filed and compensated for one or more malignant neoplasms by, or on behalf of, 3,126 workers between 1937 and 2003.ConclusionsResults show trends in cancer compensation reflecting changes in the characteristics and prevalence of workers exposed to workplace carcinogens, as well as changes to WSIB adjudication policies over time. Am. J. Ind. Med. 50:980–981, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hydrogen Activation by Unsaturated Mixed‐Metal Cluster Complexes: New Directions
Authors: Adams Richard D. , Captain Burjor 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThere has been a renewed interest in the chemistry of hydrogen as a result of the ever‐increasing global demands for energy. Recent studies have revealed new electronically unsaturated polynuclear metal complexes containing bulky ligands that exhibit a variety of reactions with hydrogen, including facile addition and elimination under mild conditions. Materials and molecules that can reversibly absorb large quantities of hydrogen are very attractive for hydrogen storage and hydrogenation catalysis. This Minireview summarizes recent studies of reactions of hydrogen with unsaturated mixed‐metal cluster complexes containing platinum and bulky phosphine ligands. Some related studies on bimetallic cooperativity and the synthesis of trimetallic nanoparticles on mesoporous supports that exhibit high activity and selectivity for catalytic hydrogenations are also discussed.
Continuous ion‐exchange removal of ammonium ion onto clinoptilolite in the presence of contaminants
Authors: Jorgensen T. C. , Weatherley L. R. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe continuous removal of ammonium ions and other ionic pollutants from waste waters can be successfully achieved, usually after secondary biological treatment operations, by using ion exchange. In actual industrial operations, the presence of small concentrations of other non‐ionic or weakly ionic pollutants may exert significant influence upon the ion‐exchange uptake of the ionic species. Such effects are of significant importance in the design and specification of ion‐exchange treatment systems. The underlying aim of the work described in this paper was to quantify the behaviour of the naturally occurring zeolite, clinoptilolite, during the removal of ammonium ion in fixed‐bed ion‐exchange columns in the presence of contaminants. There were two specific areas of investigation. Firstly, the effects of interfering species, including the organic compounds citric acid, phenol, hexane, glucose, natural sunflower oil and whey protein, were studied. The effect of the presence of these contaminants upon the column breakthrough behaviour was determined. Secondly, the effect of regeneration upon the ion‐exchange performance was measured over a number of uptake/regeneration cycles. The results show that the presence of citric acid had only a small effect upon column breakthrough capacity. The column performance in the presence of whey protein is slightly enhanced. The column uptake performance is significantly enhanced after regeneration over the first four to five cycles of regeneration until a stable exchange performance is attained. The enhancement was also observed in the presence of the contaminants. Copyright © 2007 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Advances in synthesis of azeotropic distillation column sequences: internal secondary recycles
Authors: Wasylkiewicz Stanislaw K. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAn algorithm for automatic generation of sequences of distillation columns and decanters for separation of azeotropic mixtures has been developed (S.K. Wasylkiewicz, 54th Canadian Chemical Engineering Conference, paper No. 243, Calgary, October 2004; S.K. Wasylkiewicz, AIChE Spring National Meeting, paper No. 83e, Atlanta, GA, April 2005) where distillation boundaries can be crossed by moving them with pressure change, by exploring curvatures of distillation boundaries, or by liquid‐liquid splits in decanters. In the first step of the algorithm, open‐loop sequences are generated and primary recycles are automatically detected. Then, mass balances are calculated to finish the sequences. In this paper, we are focused on internal secondary recycles where species present in the sequence feed are introduced as separating agents. This can be a pure component produced somewhere downstream in the sequence or any other intermediate stream. On the basis of a broad knowledge about distillation regions and boundaries for the separated mixture, a preferred distillation region can be identified and a suitable recycle stream can be selected. These types of recycles can simplify tremendously, the whole sequence and reduce significantly the total cost of separation. We present in detail an example based on an industrial case where the internal secondary recycle was efficiently found and calculated during synthesis of column sequences by using the Split Generator in Distil and the mass balance calculation in MS Excel. Copyright © 2007 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Physicochemical and biological evaluation of plasma‐induced graft polymerization of acrylamide onto polydimethylsiloxane
Authors: Parvin A. , Mirzadeh H. , Khorasani M. T. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPolydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) rubbers exhibit good mechanical properties for biomedical and industrial applications, but their inherently high hydrophobicity limits biomedical applications of this material despite its favorable mechanical properties. In this work, surface modification of PDMS by radio‐frequency glow discharge and subsequently graft polymerization of acrylamide was studied. PAAm‐grafted, oxygen plasma‐treated, and control (untreated) PDMS rubbers were characterized using attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscopy, dynamic mechanical thermal analyses, zeta potential, and contact angle techniques. Fibroblast (L929) cell attachment and growth onto these surfaces were examined by optical microscopy. The data from in vitro assays showed that cell attachment onto control surface was very negligible while significant cell attachment and growth was observed onto oxygen plasma‐treated and PAAm‐grafted PDMS surfaces. The method developed in this work offers a convenient way of surface modifications of biomaterials to improve attachment of cells onto substrates. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2008
Design of the integrated information system, business, and production process by simulation
Authors: Azadeh A. , Haghnevis M. , Khodadadegan Y. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe objective of this study was to integrate the information, business, and production process of a powder coating manufacturing via computer simulation. Previous studies considered only conventional customer lead‐time, which is defined as customer lead‐times to receive goods or services. The integrated approach of this study is capable of evaluating customer lead‐times in six different dimensions. Furthermore, the integrated simulation approach considers conventional customer lead‐time (from when the customer places an order) in addition to five other customer indices. This is the first study to consider the integrated modeling of the information, business, and production process. Previous studies mostly considered individual simulation modeling of production system, information system, or business system in various settings. It is claimed that by integrating information and business systems and production systems through simulation, major and minor organization and production issues become visible. This study also shows perceived improvements through integration of the information system and production process modeling. In summary, the unique features of this study are 3‐fold. First, the integrated approach of this study identifies major bottlenecks of the production process and information system and business process concurrently. Second, the integrated approach models and produces several dimensions of customer satisfaction. Finally, the integrated approach allows the effects of business process reengineering and information technology to be evaluated before actual implementation. In addition, by integrated modeling of this study the hidden and concurrent effect of the business and production processes are identified and improved.
Significance of rpoS during maturation of Escherichia coli biofilms
Authors: Ito Akinobu , May Thithiwat , Kawata Koji , Okabe Satoshi 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPresence of starved, stationary phase‐like zones in biofilms seems to be an important factor for biofilm formation. In this study, roles of rpoS gene in the formation of Escherichia coli biofilms were investigated. E. coli MG1655 wild type (WT) and rpoS mutant (ΔrpoS) strains were used to compare biofilm formation capacity and global gene expression. Even though the ΔrpoS strain could attach and form microcolonies on glass surfaces, it could not establish mature biofilms. DNA microarray analysis revealed that WT biofilms (WBF) showed similar pattern of gene expression with WT planktonic stationary phase, whereas ΔrpoS biofilms (MBF) showed similar pattern of gene expression with WT planktonic exponential phase. Genes involved in energy metabolism (atpIBEFHAG, atpC, cydAB) and flagella synthesis (flgB, flgC, flhD, fliA, fliC, fliY) showed increased expression in the MBF, but not in the WBF. Moreover, genes involved in stress responses (blc, cspG, dinD poxB, wcaF, wcaI, and yfcF) showed increased expression in the WBF compared to the MBF. These results suggested that the rpoS gene contributed in maturation of E. coli biofilms through regulation of global gene expression including energy metabolism, motility, and stress responses. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2008;99: 1462–1471. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Sensitive SNP Dual‐Probe Assays Based on Pyrene‐Functionalized 2′‐Amino‐LNA: Lessons To Be Learned
Authors: Umemoto Tadashi , Hrdlicka Patrick J. , Babu B. Ravindra , Wengel Jesper 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA homogenous fluorescence dual‐probe assay containing 2′‐N‐(pyren‐1‐ylmethyl)‐2′‐amino‐LNA (locked nucleic acid) building blocks has been developed for effective mismatch‐sensitive nucleic acid detection. The pyrene units, which are connected to the rigid bicyclic furanose derivative of 2′‐amino‐LNA through a short linker, are positioned at the 3′ and 5′ ends of a dual‐probe system. Whereas hybridization with complementary DNA/RNA results in very strong excimer signals, as the pyrene units are in close proximity to one another in the ternary complex, exposure to most singly mismatched DNA/RNA targets results in significantly lower excimer emission intensity. The mechanism that underlies this excellent optical discrimination of singly mismatched targets is clarified by comparison of the thermal‐denaturation profiles and fluorescence properties of the dual probe and a covalently linked analogue. Optical discrimination of singly mismatched targets arises from a decrease in excimer emission intensity due to a failure to form a ternary complex (a decrease in thermal stability) and/or local mismatch‐induced changes in the helix geometry, depending on the position of the mismatched base pair. The devised dual‐probe assay constitutes a simple and sensitive system for the detection of single‐nucleotide polymorphism and highlights that conformational restriction combined with the use of short probes conveys favorable properties to dual‐probe constructs.
A patch/subdomain iteration framework and algorithm class for error indicator and mesh reliability calculations
Authors: Carey Graham F. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA patch iteration approach and class of algorithms are described for inexpensively enhancing error indicators based on residuals and local boundary‐value problems. The scheme is applicable to finite element, finite volume, finite difference and similar discretization schemes. It exploits ideas from multicolor/multilevel iterative relaxation at the patch level and more generally overlapping Schwarz subdomain iteration concepts. The scheme can be ‘retrofitted’ to existing serial or parallel codes to enhance local indicators, reduce pollution effects, yield improved stopping criteria for refinement or even simply to assess the reliability of a computation on a given grid. Extrapolation techniques for further enhancing the patch iteration indicator and other extensions such as application to the adjoint solve step for dual formulations are also described. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Special Issue: The First Provenance Challenge
Authors: Moreau Luc , Ludäscher Bertram , Altintas Ilkay , Barga Roger S. , Bowers Shawn , Callahan Steven , Chin George , Clifford Ben , Cohen Shirley , Cohen‐Boulakia Sarah , Davidson Susan , Deelman Ewa , Digiampietri Luciano , Foster Ian , Freire Juliana , Frew James , Futrelle Joe , Gibson Tara , Gil Yolanda , Goble Carole , Golbeck Jennifer , Groth Paul , Holland David A. , Jiang Sheng , Kim Jihie , Koop David , Krenek Ales , McPhillips Timothy , Mehta Gaurang , Miles Simon , Metzger Dominic , Munroe Steve , Myers Jim , Plale Beth , Podhorszki Norbert , Ratnakar Varun , Santos Emanuele , Scheidegger Carlos , Schuchardt Karen , Seltzer Margo , Simmhan Yogesh L. , Silva Claudio , Slaughter Peter , Stephan Eric , Stevens Robert , Turi Daniele , Vo Huy , Wilde Mike , Zhao Jun , Zhao Yong 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe first Provenance Challenge was set up in order to provide a forum for the community to understand the capabilities of different provenance systems and the expressiveness of their provenance representations. To this end, a functional magnetic resonance imaging workflow was defined, which participants had to either simulate or run in order to produce some provenance representation, from which a set of identified queries had to be implemented and executed. Sixteen teams responded to the challenge, and submitted their inputs. In this paper, we present the challenge workflow and queries, and summarize the participants' contributions. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Generation of a Mig‐6 conditional null allele
Authors: Jin Nili , Gilbert Jennifer L. , Broaddus Russell R. , DeMayo Francesco J. , Jeong Jae‐Wook 
Published: November 2007

AbstractMitogen‐inducible gene 6 (Mig‐6) is a stress‐induced gene that serves as a negative regulator of epidermal growth factor (EGF) signaling and acts as a tumor suppressor. Ablation of Mig‐6 results in a significant percentage of embryo lethality as well as abnormalities in multiple tissues. To understand the physiological roles of Mig‐6, a conditional null allele, Mig‐6f/f was generated by introducing LoxP sites that flank exons 2 and 4. The Mig‐6f/f allele was validated by generating recombined Mig‐6−/− mice using the Zp3‐Cre system. The conditional null allele was confirmed by assaying for Mig‐6 gene expression in liver, lung, uterus, and skin. The recombined Mig‐6−/− mice developed pathological changes, such as degenerative joint diseases and skin hyperplasia similar to the previously reported Mig‐6 germline null allele. In addition, these mice also had enlarged uteri with endometrial hyperplasia. In summary, this Mig‐6f/f mouse is a useful tool for the functional study of the Mig‐6 gene in a tissue‐specific fashion. genesis 45:716–721, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Multiple‐valued immune network with apoptosis system
Authors: Yamaguchi Takayuki , Tang Zheng 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIn this paper, we describe a new model of immune network based on biological immune response network. We propose an immunity like multiple‐valued network with apoptosis mechanism. The model is based on the interaction between B cells and T cells and the biological apoptosis mechanism in the human body. With the mechanism, a naturally immune system can be reproduced. The model is also applied to pattern recognition. It becomes possible with a conventional model to restrict the category increase of memory patterns. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 162(3): 51– 57, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20320
Study on high‐precision angle sensor and angle measurement technology
Authors: Kojima Takaomi , Wakiwaka Hiroyuki 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIn recent years, high‐precision and high‐resolution encoders are expected for nanotechnology control systems. High‐precision angle calibration devices are required and hence, they have been developed according to industry expectations. The accuracy of the disk and angle sensor was calibrated with high precision using the same accuracy measurement system, and a high‐precision angle sensor was achieved. Using the high‐precision angle calibration system, the encoder was realized with a high level of wide accuracy of 0.2 second. In addition, a high‐resolution angle sensor with 30 bits was created, and the multifunctional angle sensor which has acceleration data and bus communications for a servo system was developed. The principle by which an angle sensor calibrates the accuracy by itself has been developed. The base technology for applying an angle sensor to a nanotechnology system was established. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 162(3): 68–77, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20650
Seeds and oil of the Styrian oil pumpkin: Components and biological activities
Authors: Fruhwirth Gilbert O. , Hermetter Albin 
Published: November 2007

AbstractCucurbita pepo subsp. pepo var. Styriaca is a phylogenetically young member of the Cucurbita spp. since the mutation leading to dark green seeds with stunted outer hulls arose only in the 19th century. This mutation defined the so‐called Styrian oil pumpkin and facilitated the production of Styrian pumpkin seed oil. It is a regional specialty oil in the south‐eastern part of Europe. In this article, we describe the production and economic value of this edible oil as well as its composition on a molecular basis, including fatty acids, vitamins, phytosterols, minerals, polyphenols, and the compounds responsible for its pigments, taste and flavor. We also describe contaminants of Styrian pumpkin seed oil and the most relevant field pests of the Styrian oil pumpkin plant. Finally, we review the putative beneficial health effects of Styrian oil pumpkin seeds and of their products.
How Many Elementary Processes Are Involved in Base‐ and Acid‐Promoted Aldol Condensations?
Authors: Yamabe Shinichi , Hirahara Kohji , Yamazaki Shoko 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe title reactions were investigated by density functional theory calculations. MeRC=O + OH– + (H2O)8 (R = H and Me) and MeCH=O + H3O+ + (H2O)8 systems were adopted to trace the elementary processes. Eight water molecules were included to assure proton shifts through hydrogen bonds. The OH–‐containing reactions were confirmed to have three elementary processes. Whereas the rate‐determining step of the reaction of acetaldehyde is C–H bond scission, that of acetone is C–C bond formation. The H3O+‐containing reactions have two elementary processes. The reactivity difference between OH–‐ and H3O+‐promoted reactions was discussed in terms of their mobility and hydration strength. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
(β‐Oxoiminato)(phosphanyl)palladium Complexes as Highly Active Catalysts in Suzuki–Miyaura Coupling Reactions
Authors: Lee Dong‐Hwan , Jung Ji‐Young , Lee Ik‐Mo , Jin Myung‐Jong 
Published: November 2007

Abstract(β‐Oxoiminato)(phosphanyl)palladium complexes have been used as catalysts in Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reactions. In the presence of these palladium complexes, various aryl iodides and bromides were efficiently coupled with phenylboronic acid with extremely high turnover frequencies under mild conditions. Furthermore, the catalyst system was also found to be effective in the reactions of aryl chlorides. This work indicates that these palladium complexes can serve as highly active catalysts in Suzuki–Miyaura reactions.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
A New Synthetic Approach to (+)‐Hyacinthacine A1 and the First Total Synthesis and Absolute Configuration Assignment of Naturally Occurring (+)‐Hyacinthacine A6
Authors: Izquierdo Isidoro , Plaza María T. , Tamayo Juan A. , Sánchez‐Cantalejo Fernando 
Published: November 2007

AbstractNaturally occurring (1S,2R,3R,7aR)‐1,2‐dihydroxy‐3‐hydroxymethylpyrrolizidine [(+)‐hyacinthacine A1 (1)] and(1S,2R,3R,5R,7aR)‐1,2‐dihydroxy‐3‐hydroxymethyl‐5‐methylpyrrolizidine [(+)‐hyacinthacine A6 (2)] have been synthesized by Wittig's methodology using aldehyde 7, prepared from (2R,3S,4R,5R)‐3,4‐bis(benzyloxy)‐2′‐O‐(tert‐butyldiphenylsilyl)‐2,5‐bis(hydroxymethyl)pyrrolidine (3, partially protected DALDP), as the homochiral starting material and the appropriated ylide to afford either the corresponding α,β‐unsaturated ester 8 or ketone 9, which were submitted to internal lactamization and reductive amination, respectively, to give the corresponding intermediate pyrrolizidin‐5‐one 11 and the totally protected pyrrolizidine 14. Compounds 11 and 14 were easily transformed into the above hyacinthacines 1 and 2, respectively.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Convenient Conditions for the Enantioselective Synthesis of α‐Methyl‐α‐amino Acids with the Use of Cinchona Ammonium Salts as Phase‐Transfer Organocatalysts
Authors: Chinchilla Rafael , Nájera Carmen , Ortega Francisco J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe enantioselective α‐alkylation of 2‐naphthalenecarbaldehyde aldimine alanine tert‐butyl ester is carried out by using N‐anthracenylmethyl ammonium salts from the simple and unmodified cinchonidine and cinchonine alkaloids as phase‐transfer organocatalysts, which affords (S)‐ and (R)‐enantioenriched α‐methyl‐α‐amino acid (AMAA) derivatives in 71–98 % yield and 79–96 % ee. The employed reaction conditions, rubidium hydroxide as base and toluene/chloroform as solvent at –20 °C, allows higher enantioselectivities to be obtained than those previously obtained by using other Cinchona alkaloid‐derived ammonium salts, even with a lower catalyst loading (5 mol‐%). (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Hydroxylic Solvents as Hydrogen Atom Donors in Radical Reactions
Authors: Tantawy Waled , Zipse Hendrik 
Published: November 2007

AbstractHydrogen‐transfer reactions between methyl radicals and protic solvents, such as water and ethanol, have been studied at the G3(MP2)‐RAD level of theory. The typically high barriers for hydrogen abstraction from the OH group are lowered dramatically on complexation of protic solvents with BMe3. The barrier lowering is found to be a consequence of the unique properties of trialkylboranes, acting as Lewis acids towards the closed‐shell solvent, but as electron donors towards the evolving oxygen‐centered radicals.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)