bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crystal Growth of Lanthanum Beryllium Hexaaluminate LaBeAl11O19 and Fields of Crystallization in the System La2O3–BeO–Al2O3
Authors: Alimpiev Alexandr I. , Gulev Valeri S. , Mokruchniko Pavel W. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThe fields of crystallization in the system La2O3–BeO–Al2O3 are investigated. Single crystals of LaBeAl11O19 were grown by the Czochralski technique.
Oxygen‐Tantalum Interaction in Niobium
Authors: Pozdeev‐Freeman Yu. L. , Naboka M. N. , Starikov V. V. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThis article deals with results of the investigation of oxygen dissolution in niobium foil containing tantalum impurity. Experimental data show spatial separation of oxygen and tantalum in niobium if the oxygen concentration is near to the oxygen solibility limit in niobium at room temperature. Tantalum atoms move to the foil surface, and there is more oxygen in the foil volume than near the foil surface. Enrichment of niobium foil surface by tantalum influences strongly the oxygen diffusion across the foil and foil surface ability to electron injection.
Double Salt Formation in the Cu(HCOO)2–Sr(HCOO)2–H2O System
Authors: Vassileva Violeta 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThe solubility in the Cu(HCOO)2–Sr(HCOO)2–H2O system has been studied by the method of physico‐chemical analysis at 25 and 50 °C. It has been established that two double salts are formed in the system: CuSr2(HCOO)6 · H2O at 25 °C and CuSr(HCOO)4 · 4 H2O at 50 °C. The latter salt has not yet been described in the literature. It has been characterized by X‐ray powder diffraction and DT and TG analysis. CuSr(HCOO)4 · 4 H2O crystallizes in the triclinic system with lattice parameters a = 12.376(6) Å, b = 13.394(4) Å, c = 11.508(6) Å, α = 93.38(3)°, β = 94.01(3)°, γ = 75.04(3)°. Dehydration proceeds in two stages.
Effect of Ultraviolet Irradiation on the Ice Nucleating Ability of AgI—AgCI—CuI System
Authors: Sivanesan S. , Sagayara P. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThe effect of ultraviolet radiation on the nucleating behaviour of AgI, AgCI, AgI–AgCI–CuI system in pure water has been discussed. Also the effect of irradiated AgI—AgCI—CuI samples in the presence of chlorides of sodium, potassium, and ammonium as well as sulphates of sodium, ammonium, and magnesium has been reported. The UV exposed samples of AgI and AgCI become darkened and their nucleating activity is found to be greatly reduced as the time of exposure is increased. It is found that the exposure of the AgI—AgCI—CuI samples to ultra‐violet radiation does not produce a remarkable effect in nucleation activity, except, the samples becoming dark for longer exposure timings.
Strontium‐based Mercury Cuprates with Perovskite‐like Crystal Structures
Authors: Kuz'micheva G. M. , Khlybov E. P. , Kochetkov V. N. , Palewski T. , Warchulska J. , Afanas'ieva I. N. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractConditions of synthesis, structure, and temperatures of superconducting transitions of strontium‐based mercury cuprates Hg—Sr—Me—Cu—O (Me = Ca, La, Ce, Sm, Ho) with perovskite‐like crystal structure are described. The samples belong to two homological series: HgSr2 (Ln, Ce)n–1CunO2n + 2 + δ with the Hg—O bond directed along <110> and (Hg, Cu) Sr2Lnn–1CunO2n + 2 + δ with the (Hg, Cu)—O bond directed along <100>. The variation of composition leads to rotation of the Hg—O bond along the hk0 direction and consequently to the increase of Tc from 28 K to 81 K. An anomaly of the resistivity was observed around 200 K for most of the investigated samples, independent of their content and phase composition.
Elastic Properties of the Triclinic Pseudo‐Trigonal Room‐Temperature Phase of KIO3
Authors: Haussühl S. , Jyang Wang , Mengkai LÜ 
Published: January 2007

AbstractWeakly twinned triclinic crystals of the room temperature γ‐phase of KIO3, grown from aqueous solutions, exhibit a quasi‐trigonal behaviour of point symmetry group 3m in respect to thermal expansion, piezoelectric effects, and elastic properties. The elastic tensor and its temperature derivative were determined from ultrasonic resonance frequencies of thick plane‐parallel plates and their shift upon variation of temperature, respectively. The static piezoelectric constants d222 and d211 are about fifty times larger than d111 of α‐quartz resulting in strong piezoelectric coupling coefficients of elastic waves (k1 = 0.42; k66 = 0.60). Approaching the γ‐β transition at 345.6 K from lower temperatures, the shear stiffness cE66 shows a drastic softening. The transition appears to be of second‐order ferroelastic.
Kinetics of Mixed Crystal K2(SO4, CrO4) Growth from Aqueous Solution
Authors: Kasatkin I. A. , Glikin A. E. , Bradaczek H. , Franke W. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThe investigation of crystal growth kinetics and phase equilibria in the system K2SO4–K2CrO4–H2O was carried out using the method for the determination of the saturation temperature and the growth rate by microscopic observation of the seed crystal behaviour. The kinetics of mixed crystal growth can be characterized by the expression V = 450.24σ1,6,2, where σ is the value of effective supersaturation of the solution calculated by taking into account the specific features of the phase equilibria diagram. Use of this criterion allows the control of the rate of delta crystal growth from solutions of variable composition.
Evidence that the Effective Temperature of Crystal Surfaces is of Real Nature
Authors: Vlasov A. D. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractIt is possible to represent some surface processes by the equations used for crystal bulk by inserting in those equations the effective temperature instead of changing a lot of bulk parameters to make the equations applicable for surfaces. The surface processes include surface diffusion, heterogeneous catalysis, low energy electron diffraction etc. The effective surface temperature may be measured by thermal expansion of the first one or two surface atomic layers of crystal lattice. In this way it can be experimentally evidenced the reality of the effective temperature. Some possible applications of it in the physical and chemical processes had been described.
Epitaxial Overgrowth of LiKSO4 on β–K2SO4 Single Crystals
Authors: López‐andrés S. , Suarez M. J. , Prieto M. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractNucleation of LiKSO4 (LKS) crystals from non‐equimolar solutions may occur epitaxially on the surface of previously nucleated β‐K2SO4 (KS) crystals. Both compounds evince a profound hexagonal substructure, and have common topological features and similar coordination schemes. Moreover, they may be related by quantitative similarities between their translation parameters and by correspondence between their bond chains along the directions of epitaxy. The planes of epitaxy are (001)KS, and (0001)LKS' and on these planes [010]KS is always parallel to [010]LKS' with a misfit of 12.19%. Another pair of directions, [110]KS and [100]LKS' showing a small angular misfit (0.18°), exhibit an even lower linear misfit (3.09%).
Polymeric AdditiveS' Effect on Crystallization of Calcium Oxalate Scales
Authors: Doherty W. O. S. , Crees O. L. , Senogles E. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractLaboratory studies concerned with the effects of polymeric additives on the crystallization of calcium oxalate dihydrate and calcium oxalate monohydrate are described and the results obtained are discussed. These compounds are major components of scales formed in some Australian sugar mills. The studies involved the measurement of crystallization induction periods and rates, in the presence and absence of additives. Crystal morphologies were also examined. A range of experimental conditions were employed, from studies in pure solutions of the lattice ions to those more directly comparable with the mill operation.
Structural Properties of o‐Sulphobenzoimide in Complex Crystals
Authors: Yugeng Zhang , Yebin Wang , Heng Yu 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThe saccharin (o‐sulphobenzoimide) crystal is synthesized and its crystal structure has also been determined. Saccharin, as a ligand, can be coordinated with a metal ion in different modes. The variations of the saccharin molecular structure in different coordination environments are studied. As the saccharin molecule takes part as ligand or anion, its molecule structure will take some obvious changes. The factors of these changes may mostly be due to the coordination environment and hydrogen bond. The effects of different coordinated metal ion and different coordination mode are very small.
Characterization and Annealing of Wet Prepared Synthetic Hydroxyapatite Powders for High‐Purity Bioceramics
Authors: Krajewski A. , Ravaglioli A. , Celotti G. , Piancastelli A. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThis study deals with the production of hydroxyapatite, in particular following the transformations that are involved when it is synthesized at the proximity (95 °C) of boiling temperature of water with or without a ripening treatment. Previous studies about the degree of crystallization showed that it increases with the temperature.This work is furthermore concerned about the quality of the obtainable ceramic with the use of synthetic hydroxapatite prepared by precipitation from aqueous solution. In particular the higher the degree of crystallinity, the lower the presence of spurious phosphates during sintering. The main structure‐related parameters were evaluated as a function of annealing temperature, and possible interpretations given thoroughly.
Drawning‐out Crystallization
Authors: Nývlt J. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractEquations for the modelling of a continuous perfectly agitated crystallizer with drowning‐out reaction are presented. Because the supersaturation of the solution is usually limited by the materials balance resulting from the technology used and the crystal growth rate is thus rather low, an agglomeration mechanism is considered in order to obtain larger particles. The results are demonstrated on an example of drawning‐out of KCl by NaCl.
The Microcrystallite Model of Liquids for Noble Gases and Other Non‐Metals
Authors: Vlasov A. D. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractSome main parameters of the microcrystallite model of liquids had been estimated for liquid noble gases and other non‐metals by earlier proposed method. The obtained data are in good accordance with the results for liquid metals. Thus, the radii and, especially, the relative distances between the microcrystallites in liquid non‐metals are similar to those for liquid metals. This confirms a universal feature of the proposed microcrystallite model.
Correlation of Phase Equilibria in Systems with Double Salts
Authors: Nývlt Jaroslav 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThe method of expansion of the relative activity coefficients has been extended to systems with double salts formation. This use of resulting theoretical equations has been demonstrated on the systems NH4Al(SO4)2 – (NH4)2SO4 – H2O and NH4Al(SO4)2 – Al2(SO4)3 – H2O. The fit of the experimental data taken from the literature and of the calculated data is very good.
The Role of Diffusion‐induced Misfit at Epitaxial Heterointerfaces
Authors: Utke Ivo 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThe diffusion‐induced misfit at heterointerfaces and related defect‐structure phenomena are derived analytically. On the basis of a simple diffusion model for epitaxial combinations the resulting distributions of misfit, stress, and misfit dislocation density along the diffusion direction can be quantified. Their diffusion‐induced parameters can be expressed by relatively simple relations of material parameters (e.g. diffusion coefficients, Vegard's constants, elastic constants), which allow the quick estimation of their influence at epitaxial heterointerfaces.
Analysis of Dopant Distributions in LEC‐InP
Authors: Wei Jiang 
Published: January 2007

AbstractIt is often important to be able to estimate the concentration of dopant atoms incorporated into InP crystals grown from InP melt of given composition. In this paper we present a simple parameter (G) to revise the commonly used effective distribution coefficient (keff) and the Scheil equation. The results obtained for various dopants and different initial concentrations in LEC‐grown InP ingots are discussed. It is shown that the revised dopant concentration curves tally with the real distributions.
Influence of the pH‐Value on the Growth and Dissolution Rate of Potassium Chloride
Authors: Mohameed H. A. , Ulrich J. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractA fluidized bed crystallizer is employed to investigate the effect of pH of the solution on the growth and dissolution rates of potassium chloride crystals. The growth rate shows a minimum value at the pH range between 7 and 10, whereas the dissolution rate shows a minimum at the range between 7 and 9. It is found in this study that the growth‐ and the dissolution rate of potassium chloride in the acidic solutions are higher than in the alkaline solutions. A mechanism is suggested to explain the growth kinetics based on the interaction between the different species found in the electrolyte solution.
Static Disorder in Hexagonal Crystal Structures of C60 at 100 K and 20 K
Authors: Ramm M. , Luger P. , Zobel D. , Duczek W. , Boeyens J. C. A. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractC60 · 2C8H10 (100 K): hexagonal space group P63, a = 23.694(4), c = 10.046(2) Å, V = 4884(2) Å3, Dx = 1.903 g cm−3, Z = 6, F(000) = 2856, γ(CuKa) = 1.54178 Å, μ = 0.84 mm−1. C60 · 2C8H10 (20 K): hexagonal space group P63, a = 23.67(1), c = 10.02(1) Å, V = 4862(6) Å3, Dx = 1.912 g cm−3, Z = 6, F(000) = 2856, γ(CuKa) = 1.54178 Å, μ = 0.84 mm−1. The structures were determined by Patterson syntheses and rigid‐body refinements. The C60 molecules show two orientations with one molecular centre in common. The solvent molecules are disordered too. Static disorder could not be overcome or influenced by cooling down. A coordination number of 10 was found for the fullerene molecules.
XPS Analysis of Bridgman‐grown CuInTe2 and of its Native Oxide
Authors: Neumann H. , Mast M. , Enderlein J. , Tomlinson R. D. , Yakushev M. V. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractX‐ray excited photoelectron spectroscopy is used to analyse the near‐surface properties of CuInTe2 single crystals grown by the vertical Bridgman method. It is found that keeping the crystals at room temperature in air for relatively short times is sufficient for the formation of an oxide layer which consists mainly of TeO2. No detectable amounts of copper or indium oxides could be observed.
Characterizing Plasma‐exposed In0.52Al0.48As Surface Using Photoreflectance‐, Raman‐, and Photoluminescence Spectra Method
Authors: Jiang G. C. , Kuo C. W. , Chang Y. , Juang Y. D. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractWe have performed Photoreflectance (PR), Raman Scattering (RS), and Photoluminescence (PL) experiments to characterize the In0.52Al0.48As surface exposed to plasma by a gas mixture of CH4/H2/Ar, PR spectra indicate that RIE (plasma) causes defects such as nonradiative recombination centers, scattering centers, and defects leading to the decrease of signal intensity, broaden line width and red shift of the transitions by increasing the rf power. In the Raman scattering study, RIE causes defects against InAs‐like and AlAs‐like LO modes vibration. As the rf power increased, the maximum of two LO modes shifts towards lower frequency and the line shape becomes increasingly asymmetric. Also, the intensity degrades gradually by disorder and point defects with increasing rf power. The PL transition energies show a red‐shift with increasing the rf power. In addition, the spectral feature broadens, and the intensity decreases with rf power higher than 200 w. The consistence of the PL, PR, and RS results indicate that these three methods can be used as sensitive probes to evaluate the near surface damage of the epilayer.
Si1‐xGex Mixed Crystals Grown by Pulling‐Down Technique with Multi‐Capillary Channels
Authors: Koh H. J. , Fukuda T. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractSi1‐xGex mixed crystals with 5 at% Ge concentration have been grown by the pulling‐down technique using a crucible with multi‐capillary channels. The unique feature of the technique is that Ge solute concentration of the small molten zone is maintained constant due to the condition of no back diffusion of solute through the capillary channels, and that the diffusion‐controlled solute transport causes the effective distribution coefficient to be unity. The Ge concentration was measured by the electron probe microanalysis and observed to be homogeneous along both the longitudinal and radial directions. The two‐dimensional distribution on the whole cross section was also found to be uniform.
VLS Growth of ITO Whiskers Prepared by the Electron Shower Method
Authors: Yumoto Hisami , Onozumi Shigekazu , Kato Yoshinori , Ishihara Masatou , Kishi Kiyoshi 
Published: January 2007

AbstractIndium tin oxide (ITO) whiskers were grown by VLS (vapour‐liquid‐solid) mechanism, using the electron shower method. The whiskers were grown above 200 °C, and the deposition rate was above 0.6 nm/s. The electron shower controlled the size of the whiskers, and the size was 30 nm in diameter and 600 nm in length. The whiskers grew along the substrate at t < 300 s, but grew in a direction perpendicular to the substrate at t > 300 s.When the ITO whiskers grown along the substrate were used as NO2 gas sensor, the sensitivity was 340, and about 300 times higher than those of the whiskers grown in a direction perpendicular to the substrate and plate‐like ITO crystallites.
Preparation and Novel Coordination Structure of [Cu(sacch)2(H2O)2] · 4 H2O
Authors: Jianmin Li , Yuhong Zhou , Gentao Zhou , Quanming Wang , Qun Huang , Xintao Wu 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThe new complex of copper (II) and saccharin – [Cu(sacch)2(H2O)2] · 4 H2O (1) has been prepared and determined by single crystal X‐ray diffraction method. It differs from [Cu(sacch)2(H20)4] · 2 H2O (2) which was reported by HAIDER et al. (1981). The compound (1) crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/a with lattice parameters a = 7.326(3) Å, b = 16.308(5) Å, c = 8.379(1) Å, β = 101.09(2)°, Z = 2. Copper(II) exists in a square planar structure with a C2 axis and centrosymmetry belonging to the C2h, group.
Influence of Electromechanical Resonances of the Lead‐in Filament on Interferometric Measurements of Quadratic Electrostriction
Authors: Kloos G. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractIn interferometric measurements of quadratic electrostriction, anomalies in the frequency‐dependence of the recorded strain signal are sometimes observed that are probably not caused by intrinsic material behaviour. The question discussed in this article is whether electromechanical resonances of the gold filament connecting the sample to the high‐voltage supply can be the origin of this effect. The expected resonance frequencies are predicted using a simple macroscopic description that combines the telegraph equation for the clectric field strength in the filament with a constitutive equation for the electric field and mechanical dilatations.
On a Correlation between the Microcrystallite Radius and the Plasticity Factor
Authors: Vlasov A. D. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThe ratio of the dimensionless radius of the microcrystallites in liquid metals and other liquids at melting point to the stated earlier plasticity factor has been estimated. A frequency distribution of this ratio for 24 substances, including some metals, liquid noble gases, and other non‐metals, seems to be normal and characterized by dispersion 16.6, mean value 54, and mean error 13.5. So it was supposed, this ratio is a constant which may be used for calculation of the microcrystallite radius. Some consequences of this statement are discussed.
The Charge‐Transfer Properties of Rare Earth Complexes
Authors: Yugeng Zhang 
Published: January 2007

AbstractTwo new YCu complexes and some other rare earth complexes crystals are synthesized. The results of elemental analysis, IR, GTA are corresponding to their formula. The PA spectra of all these complexes and the charge‐transfer spectra are studied. The strong conjugate π system makes the charge‐transfer spectra of rare earth complexes occur in low energy positions with strong intensity. The charge‐transfer effect is also existing in the yttrium(III) complex coordinated by some ligands with the conjugate π system.
Epitaxial Growth of α‐Mercuric Iodide
Authors: Erler Bettina , Piechotka Miroslaw , Kaldis Emanuel 
Published: January 2007

AbstractMercuric iodide has been grown for the first time heteroepitaxially on a substrate. α‐HgI2 is deposited as a single crystalline layer which is azimuthally completely oriented. The orientation of the grown layer has been confirmed with texture X‐ray diffractometry, reflection powder diffractometry and Atomic Force Microscopy.
Stereometrical X‐ray Interferometric Diffraction Topography of Crystal Imperfection
Authors: Aboyan A. O. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractA method for X‐ray interferometric investigation of the deformation field of crystal imperfections by means of double and triple interferometers is proposed. It is shown experimentally that by means of double and triple interferometers it is possible to detect segregation lines, displacement lines, and the Moiré patterns of different type imperfections as well.
On the Mechanism of Metastable Phases' Formation in Electrodeposited Co‐based Films
Authors: Tochitskii T. A. , Shadrow V. G. , Nemtsevich L. V. , Boltushkin A. V. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThe mechanism of the polymorphic metal and alloy structure formation, taking into consideration the influence of the film content, deposition conditions, and included hydrogen, is proposed. The mechanism allows to take into account separate processes accompanying phase transition during the change of the bath pH, film thickness, film content, and account for the experimental results, obtained for CoW, CoP crystalline and amorphous films.
Anisotropy of Electrical Resistivity and Hole Mobility in InTe Single Crystals
Authors: Parlak M. , Erçelebi Ç. , Günal I. , Özkan H. , Gasanly N. M. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThe temperature dependences of the electrical resistivity and Hall mobility of p‐type InTe chain single crystals in parallel and perpendicular directions to c‐axis have been investigated in the temperature range of 28–260 K. The high anisotropy between ∂‖ and ∂⟂ which depends on temperature is attributed to high concentration of stacking faults due to weak interchain bonding. The mobility parallel to c‐axis was found to vary with temperature asμ α Tn where n = ‐0.6 due to hole scattering on polar optical phonons. The mobility perpendicular to c‐axis above 140 K increases with temperature exponentially with an activation energy of 0.03 eV which is attributed to the hopping mechanism due to the barriers between the chains.
Crystal Structure Investigation of 2‐Pheny limidazo [f]1,10‐phenanthroline
Authors: Wu Jian‐Zhong , Wang Lei , Yang Guang , Ji Liang‐Nian , Koutsodimou Aglaia , Katsaros Nikos 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThe crystal structure of the title compound (PIP) has been determined by single crystal X‐ray diffraction methods. C19H12N4. C2H5OH crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/n with a = 11.4414(8), b = 12.6052(9), c = 12.4627(8) Å, β = 100.345(2)°, Z = 4, V = 1768.17 Å3, Dcal = 1.286 Mg. m−3, μ (MoKα) = 0.80 cm‐1, F(000) = 720. The structure was solved by the direct methods and refined by full‐matrix least‐squares method to a final R = 0.0337 and Rw = 0.0332 for 2306 reflections with F0 > 4σ(F0). The phenl ring and the imidazo[f]1,10‐phenanthroline moiety are coplanar in the crystal. The packing of the molecules involves hydrogen bonded association of the hydroxyl group of ethanol both with the NH of the imidazole moiety of one PIP and one nitrogen atom of the phenanthroline moiety of another PIP.