bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modelling the Demand for Indonesia’s Foreign Reserves
Authors: Kuncoro Haryo , Pardede Josua 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The foreign reserves sufficiency is important to maintain macroeconomic stability. The main objective of this paper is to model the behaviour of the central bank in accumulating the foreign reserves in the case of Indonesia. Unlike the previous empirical studies, this paper disaggregates the components of foreign reserves into foreign currency, securities, gold, and special drawing rights. This paper relies on the Almost Ideal Demand System combined with the Error Correction Model. The estimation result for monthly data over the period 2010(1)-2020(12) reveals that the own-price coefficients are negative and statistically significant which is consistent with the standard theory of demand. While the foreign currency-securities pairwise is substitutive, the foreign currency-gold and the foreign currency-special drawing rights pairwise are complementary or even independent. However, the wealth effect is inelastic except for securities reserves. These results imply that the central bank of Indonesia can re-balance its reserves. The securities holding which have the highest proportion of foreign reserve scan be switched to foreign currency, gold, and/or special drawing rights. The rebalancing measures would remain having an optimal level of foreign reserves holding in terms of its opportunity cost. Therefore, the monetary authority can conduct a further macroeconomic stabilisation without substantially losing the returns.
Prototipe Penyaring Sampah Otomatis Dengan Sensor Load Cell Pada Perairan Drainase
Authors: Nurlisa Siti , Nasution Mulkan Iskandar , Nasution Nazaruddin 
Published: March 2024

Sampah merupakan masalah klasik untuk negara berkembang seperti Indonesia, kesadaran manusia yang masih minim mengenai sampah juga masih turut diprihatinkan, hal ini berdampak kepada meningkatnya sampah yang dihasilkan setiap tahunnya. Mengenai banyak sampah yang dibuang sembarangan oleh manusia, terkadang memiliki akibat yang sangat buruk bagi lingkungan. Salah satu diantaranya ialah penyumbatan sampah di saluran drainase. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu Untuk mengetahui pembuatan dan nilai penyimpangan dari rancangan sistem alat penyaring sampah otomatis pada pintu air drainase menggunakan sensor load cell. Sistem kerja penyaring sampah otomatis yaitu penyaring sampah berputar dengan menggunakan motor gearbox dc 10 rpm kemudian sampah yang telah berhasil disaring dijatuhkan melalui konveyor untuk dibawa ke tempat sampah dan dihitung nilai beban sampah yang telah berhasil disaring dengan menggunakan sensor load cell dan ditampilkan pada layar Liquid Cristal Display (LCD).Dari hasil pengujian input dan output menyatakan bahwa sensor load cell memiliki tingkat error yang rendah yaitu 0.01% dengan pembacaan berat sampah pada sensor load cell yaitu 316 g dan tingkat error tertinggi yaitu 0.06% dengan pembacaan berat sampah pada sensor load cell yaitu 109 g.
The Analysis of Conjunction Found in “The Target” Novel by David Baldacci
Authors: Antari Ni Made Rini , Juniartha I Wayan 
Published: March 2024

Conjunction are crucial for connecting word, phrases, or clauses in a sentence, enhancing coherence and facilitating smooth communication. The aim of this study is to analyze the types and functions of conjunctions in the novel entitled The Target by David Baldacci. The study uses descriptive qualitative method by using theory from Halliday and Hassan with different years. By using the theory of Halliday and Hassan (1976) to analyze the types of conjunctions, and the theory of Halliday and Hassan (1985) to analyze the functions of conjunctions. .. The result of this study shows that the additive type of conjunction has the highest and most dominant occurrence which is forty-three times (61,5%) in the use of conjunction. Because additive conjunction are more often used in a sentences in novrl such as conjunction “and” and “or” The abstract is not well organised so it’s hard for me to follow.
Analisis Kesantunan pada Penggunaan Campur Kode oleh Mahasiswa Prodi Pendidikan Bahasa Jepang (Kajian Pragmatik)
Authors: Pramesti Putu Dewi Merlyna Yuda , Hermawan Gede Satya 
Published: March 2024

Politeness is essential in interaction to avoid conflict between the speaker and the hearer. This article describes politeness by students and lecturers in academic interaction at the Japanese Program in Undiksha. This study is qualitatively approached using pragmatics design. The data were collected using the technique of observation by listening, writing notes, and participating. The data was then, analyzed using an interactive model from Miles & Huberman. The data were classi?ed according to the face theory of Brown & Levinson i.e. strategy of positive politeness and ?rategy of negative politeness. Data analysis reveals positive politeness strategies and negative politeness strategies students use in academic interaction at the Japanese Program in Undiksha. Both methods contained a constituent such as code-mixing. The reason for using code mixing in speech between lecturer and students is not only from speech situation but most part because of politeness factor. Using code-mixing of the Indonesian language and Japanese, made the speaker comfortable speaking because the code-mixing can make the utterance still in polite mode and formal form.
Konsep Roh George Wilhelm Hegel dalam Film Animasi When Marnie Was There Karya Studio Chibli
Authors: Puspitasari Ferani Wulan , Syihabbudin Syihabbudin 
Published: March 2024

Studio Ghibli adalah studio animasi terkenal di Jepang yang didirikan pada tahun 1985, dipimpin oleh Hayao Miyazaki, Isao Takahata dan Toshio Suzuki. Studio Ghibli telah menghasilkan sejumlah film seperti ‘Nausicaa of The Valley of The Wind’, ‘Princess Mononoke’, ‘My Neighbor Tottoro’, ‘Howl’s Moving Castle’, ‘Spirited Away’. Dalam karya studio ini, terdapat beberapa animasi yang memiliki tema fantasy yang tampak ajaib, salah satunya adalah film animasi “When Marnie Was There”. When Marnie Was There adalah film animasi Studio Ghibli yang ditulis dan disutradarai oleh Hiromasa Yonebayashi dan dirilis pada 19 Juli 2014. Film When Marnie Was There dibuat berdasarkan pada novel dengan judul yang sama karya Joan G. RobinsonDalam film animasi “When Marnie Was There” terdapat unsur yang berkaitan dengan filsafat roh yang dikemukakan oleh George William Hegel, yaitu seorang filsuf Jerman yang dikenal dengan metode dialektikanya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif dengan sumber data yang berasal dari film animasi “When Marnie Was There”.
Хронологические особенности погребального обряда Аверинского II могильника
Authors: Моряхина Кристина Викторовна 
Published: March 2024

Аверинский II могильник расположен на правом берегу р. Камы в 900 м к северо-западу от д. Аверины Афанасьевского района Кировской области. Раскопки на памятнике проводились в 1975–1976 гг. под руководством Р.Д. Голдиной, в 1978 г. – В.А. Кананина, в 1982–1984 г. – Е.М. Черных. Всего изучено 440 погребений. Памятник датирован VI–XI вв. Хронология могильника разработана Р.Д. Голдиной и В.А. Кананиным. Исследователями был описан только инвентарь, характерный для разных веков, но не рассмотрены изменения, происходящие со временем в самом погребальном обряде. В данной статье затронут именно этот аспект. Погребальный обряд населения, оставившего Аверинский II могильник, не претерпевал серьезных изменений на протяжении шести веков. В разное время на памятнике часто делали большие ямы, начиная с VIII в. сооружали внутримогильные конструкции. По материалам могильника заметно, как со временем культ огня играл все более важную роль. Это видно по увеличившемуся количеству погребений с кремацией и с углями в засыпи. Начиная с VII в. в погребения стали класть вооружение и конскую упряжь, с VIII в. – орудия труда. Последнее отражает важное значение хозяйства (земледелия, рыболовства и деревообработки) для населения. Наибольшее количество захоронений пришлось на IX в., при этом погребальный обряд в этом веке на Аверинском II могильнике не соответствует традиционному представлению об урьинском этапе ломоватовской культуры (конец VIII–IX вв.). На могильнике сохранились те традиции, которые были характерны для более раннего времени.
Development of A Structural Equation Model of The Variables Affecting the Organizational Performance of The Mass Rapid Transit Systems of Thailand
Authors: Punthupeng Sutep , Phimolsathien Thepparat 
Published: March 2024

Introduction: The development of the Thai transport system in the future must be based on the advancement of three aspects: personnel, technology, and research and development must be promoted for the operation of efficient innovative tools and management as key mechanisms in the transport system’s development. The master plan of the Ministry of Transport under Strategy 5 for the development of the Thai transport system within 20 years (2017-2036) stated about the need for and initiation of technology and innovation, as well as the promotion of research and development for the application of rapid advancements within these aspects so to develop the transport infrastructure and management, which would engender higher efficiency of future transport as well. Technology is required and is suitable for the analysis and evaluation of performance in the view of safety technological innovation for subway station construction.

Objective: The main objective was to explore the development, congruence, and the indirect direct, and total effects of the variables affecting the organizational performance of the mass rapid transit systems of Thailand

Method: This is quantitative research, collecting data from 385 executives and chiefs of organizations relating to the mass railway transit systems and private manufacturers participating in the project with state enterprise agencies.

Result: Relationship between the two variables and among the multiple variables in conjunction with the estimation of the effects of the variables, which were obtained from the regression coefficients (coef.) of each individual relationship path following the hypothesis. The results indicated that all C.R. ( t-test) values were statistically significant ( > 1.96). Thus, every hypothesis was supported. Technology directly affects organizational performance (coef. = 0.143, p < 0.05). Technology directly affects innovation (coef. = 0.370, p < 0.001). Technology directly affects research and development (coef. = 0.786, p < 0.001). Research and development directly affects innovation (coef. = 0.624, p < 0.001). Research and development directly affects organizational performance (coef. = 0.449, p < 0.001). Innovation directly affects organizational performance (coef. = 0.372, p < 0.01).

Conclusion: Technology, innovation, and research and development truly affect organizational performance. The industrial sector should be more encouraged to participate in technology learning and to step into the manufacturing chain for the development of Thailand’s rail transport system. This would also save foreign currency, create employment opportunities in the country, and have continual economic effects for the national monetary circulation, which would eventually pave the way to the enhancement as well as development of the people’s abilities in the future.
Analysis of Management Strategies for Lake Tondano Ecosystem in North Sulawesi, Indonesia Using Swot and AHP Methods
Authors: Walangitan Hengki Djemie , Rotinsulu Wiske Chriesti , Paat Frangky Jessy 
Published: March 2024

Purpose: The study aimed to analyze strategies for managing the ecosystem of Lake Tondano to prepare a medium-term plan for its management.

Theoretical Framework: The Lake Tondano ecosystem has important economic and ecological functions for the economy and welfare of the people in North Sulawesi Province. The quality of the lake ecosystem continues to decline including water pollution, siltation of the lake, shrinkage of the area and other uses that do not consider aspects of ecosystem sustainability.

Method: The analysis method used a combination of SWOT and AHP, with stakeholder participation. Data was obtained through literature study and focus group discussions (FGD) involving both formal and informal stakeholders.

Results: The AHP analysis results indicate that simultaneous impact criteria are the main criteria for determining priority strategies.

Conclusions: Thirteen strategies were formulated based on the SWOT analysis. The medium-term plan's management priority strategies have been determined based on the results of the AHP analysis. These strategies include: (1) Controlling the level of water pollution and household waste, (2) Revitalizing the lake, (3) Developing institutions for integrated lake ecosystem management, and (4) Planning the spatial layout of the lakes and their boundaries.
Study of Focused Ions Beam Generated by a Plasma Source through a Series of C- Magnet Configuration
Authors: Hashim Intesar H. , Hussein Bushra J. , Oudah Abdel Karim L. 
Published: March 2024

The beam transport system is an essential part of any accelerator. This research investigates how a charged particle beam extracted from a plasma source behaves as it passes through a virtual beam transport system consisting of a series of C-bending magnets. This is done by analyzing the equations of motion of charged particles through this system. In addition, the study investigates the effect of the free drift space regions between these magnets and studies the behavior of charged particles beam passing through the suggested system for both horizontal and vertical planes using a computer program designed for this purpose. The results indicate many focusing regions along the beam path (beam envelop) for both the horizontal and vertical planes. The presence of free drift regions between the magnets strongly affects the beam envelop for both horizontal and vertical planes.
Certain Strong and Weak Types of Paracompact Maps
Authors: Jaber Saad Mahdi , Kadhem Hiyam Hassan 
Published: March 2024

In this work, the concept of the paracompact map has been generalized to other new types of maps, in addition to the fact that the paracompact map has been linked to these new maps. Accordingly, we will separate these new types of maps into two classes, the first class is called a strong form which implies a paracompact map under certain conditions. While the other class is called a weaker form of a paracompact map, whereas the paracompact map implies them. Finally, the composition operations of paracompact maps are studied.
The Impact of Overall Intervention Model on Price of Wheat
Authors: Aljboori Nihad S. Khalaf‏ , Abdullah Hiba H. , Noori Nooruldeen A. 
Published: March 2024

The analysis of observed data at different time points is prominent to single problems when the scientist studied random sampling data over time restricts the applicability of many traditional statistical methods that require random sampling. The analysis of this data is usually mentioned to the stochastic process, in a special case, if it relates to time, then it is called time series [1]. The aim of our study is to focus on the case of observations that are made at certain times of the year, specifically in the autumn season, in equal periods of time, and we estimate the effect of interference on wheat prices n order to obtain the best predictive model and the best order of this model for the overall effect on the price of wheat for the coming years.
Analisis Kelayakan Peluang Bisnis Non Diklat BP3IP Sebagai Satker BLU Dengan Pendekatan Bisnis Model Canvas
Authors: Ocviany Dian Lieska , Akhmad Buce , Desmon Agusta Deo , Yusar Yulinda , Akib Irawaty Muh , Mitrady Joy , Jamaan Aris 
Published: March 2024

Sebagai Unit Pelaksana Teknis yang menyelenggarakan kegiatan pendidikan dan pelatihan kepelautan sesuai STCW 1978, BP3IP juga merupakan Satuan Kerja Pemerintah yang telah menerapkan pengelolaan keuangan melalui sistem Badan Layanan Umum dalam memberikan pelayanan kepada masyarakat. Sebagai Satker Badan Layanan Umum, BP3IP diberikan keleluasaan untuk menerapkan praktek-praktek bisnis yang sehat dalam rangka memaksimalkan pelayanan kepada masyarakat dengan tetap menonjolkan produktivitas, efisiensi, dan efektifitas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis dan mengetahui peluang bisnis dan penerapan strategi pemasaran pada Balai Besar Pendidikan Penyegaran dan Peningkatan Ilmu Pelayaran (BP3IP) Jakarta dengan menggunakan pendekatan business model canvas pada tahun 2022 serta mengevaluasi kekuatan, kelemahan, peluang, dan ancaman dalam rangkaian sebuah kegiatan bisnis melalui analisis SWOT. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif yang berhubungan dengan pengumpulan data untuk menjawab pertanyaan-pertanyaan sehubungan dengan status obyek yang diteliti pada saat penelitian dilakukan. Pendekatan kualitatif yang dilakukan adalah untuk memahami fenomena yang terjadi seperti persepsi, perilaku dan tindakan. Hasil dari penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menemukan peluang bisnis dan strategi pemasaran yang sesuai dan tepat melalui hasil analisis faktor kekuatan, kelemahan, peluang dan ancaman di BP3IP Jakarta. Hasil analisis tersebut mendapatkan bahwa BP3IP Jakarta perlu melakukan diversifikasi produk/jasa non diklat untuk mengatasi penurunan pendapatan pada salah satu produk/jasa utama, sehingga melalui diversifikasi produk/jasa tersebut, BP3IP Jakarta dapat tetap meningkatkan pendapatannya.
Management of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea as a rare complication of antiphospholipid syndrome
Authors: Xian Elissa , Hardman Joel , Parker Geoffrey , Nirmalananda Arjuna 
Published: March 2024

Background:
Antiphospholipid syndrome is a complex autoimmune condition associated with the formation of recurrent thrombosis in any vascular bed throughout the body. Jugular vein thrombosis is very rare with only a 0.9% occurrence and is not typically associated with cerebrospinal rhinorrhea as a result of raised intracranial pressure.

Case Description:
A 54-year-old patient presented with a 9-month history of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea and headache on a background of antiphospholipid syndrome. Investigations showed a superior vena cava (SVC) and right internal jugular vein (IJV) obstruction with moderately elevated intracranial venous pressures. Her magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain was consistent with a CSF leak. The patient underwent successful endovascular stenting of her obstructed SVC and right IJV followed by surgical repair of a herniating meningocele in the posterior left ethmoid air cells.

Conclusion:
CSF rhinorrhea is uncommon and never previously reported associated with SVC thrombosis induced by antiphospholipid syndrome. A combination of endovascular techniques and surgical repair is recommended for this challenging presentation.
Adjuvant proton beam therapy in patients with grade 2 meningiomas
Authors: Wilson Taylor Anne , Kang Jr Joseph I. , Huang Lei , Vacaru Alexandra , Martins Kevin Nogueira , Boling Warren W. 
Published: March 2024

Background:
The World Health Organization (WHO) grade 2 meningiomas behave aggressively with a high proclivity toward recurrence despite maximal surgical resection. Our institution, a pioneer of proton therapy, uses exclusively proton beam radiation, and thus, we present a retrospective cohort analysis of patients with WHO grade 2 meningiomas treated with adjuvant proton beam therapy (PBT) at our institution between 2007 and 2019. The effects of adjuvant PBT were evaluated.

Methods:
Data collected include diagnosis, gender, histological subtype, WHO grade, the extent of surgical resection, adjuvant PBT radiation, details of the PBT radiation, recurrence, any additional PBT radiation, systemic medical therapy, and disease-specific survival.

Results:
Among the WHO grade 2 meningiomas (n = 50) recommended PBT, 80% and 78% of patients with gross-total resection (GTR) and subtotal resection (STR), respectively, followed through with PBT. The median radiation dose of PBT was 59.5 Gy and 59.92 Gy for patients with GTR and STR, respectively, with a median of 33 fractions delivered in 1.8 Gy doses for both groups. Combined 3-year progression-free survival (PFS) was 96%, and 5-year PFS was 92%. Combined overall survival was 95% at five years. Minimal radiation side effects were reported with no grade 3 or higher toxicities.

Conclusion:
Our results suggest that adjuvant PBT is well tolerated with minimal radiation toxicity. Alternative to photon radiation, PBT may be considered at least as safe and effective for adjuvant treatment of WHO grade 2 meningiomas when it is available.
Analysis of middle meningeal artery embolization for the treatment of chronic, acute on chronic, and subacute subdural hematomas
Authors: Palmer Brandi , Campbell Melody , Maertz Kellie , Narigon Laurie , Herzing Karen , Santry Heena , Boyce William , Narayanan Ragavan , Patel Akil 
Published: March 2024

Background:
Chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH) is a common sequela of traumatic brain injury. Middle meningeal artery embolization (MMAE) has shown promising results as an emerging minimally invasive alternative treatment. The purpose of this study is to examine the safety and efficacy of MMAE performed in patients with cSDH, acute-on-chronic, and subacute SDH with a traumatic etiology.

Methods:
This retrospective study included cases performed at a Level II Trauma Center between January 2019 and December 2020 for MMAE of cSDHs. Data collected included patient demographic characteristics and comorbidities, SDH characteristics, complications, and efficacy outcomes. The lesion measurements were collected before the procedure, 4–6 weeks and 3–6 months post-procedure.

Results:
In our patient population, 78% (39) either had lesions improve or completely resolved. The sample included 50 patients with a mean age of 74 years old. Statistically significant reductions in lesion size were found from pre- to post-procedure in the left lesions, right lesions, and midline shifts. The left lesions decreased from 13.88 ± 5.70 mm to 3.19 ± 4.89 mm at 3–6 months with P < 0.001. The right lesions decreased from 13.74 ± 5.28 mm to 4.93 ± 7.46 mm at 3–6 months with P = 0.02. Midline shifts decreased from 3.78 ± 3.98 mm to 0.48 ± 1.31 mm at 3–6 months with P = 0.02. No complications were experienced for bleeding, hematoma, worsening SDH, pseudoaneurysm, or stroke.

Conclusion:
Our pilot study from a single center utilizing MMAE demonstrates that MMAE is successful without increasing treatment-related complications not only for cSDH but also in acute-on-cSDH and SDH with a subacute component.
Editorial
Authors: Zeta de Pozo Rosa 
Published: March 2024

La comunicación humana es y será vital en la actualmente denominada Era de la Inteligencia Artificial (IA). El próximo World News Media Congress, de World Association of News Publisher (WAN-IFRA), titulado “Shaping the Future of News Media in the AI Era”, se enfocará en la IA, por ser una tecnología que sigue transformándose e implementándose sin pausa y de forma disruptiva, en todos los sectores.
En el mundo de la comunicación, la IA constituye una gran disrupción que modificará las dinámicas profesionales, los perfiles periodísticos y el modelo de la comunicación de las empresas de medios.