bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical usefulness of measuring red blood cell distribution width on admission in patients with acute coronary syndromes
Authors: Lippi Giuseppe , Filippozzi Luca , Montagnana Martina , Salvagno Gian Luca , Franchini Massimo , Guidi Gian Cesare , Targher Giovanni 
Published: February 2009

Abstract: Conventional cardiac markers used for the biochemical diagnosis of acute coronary syndromes (ACS) have a high specificity but low sensitivity within 2–4 h of symptoms onset. The red blood cell distribution width (RDW), reflecting the size variability of circulating red blood cells, has been shown to be independently associated with an increased risk of major cardiovascular events. We assessed whether there is an association between RDW at admission and cardiac troponin T (cTnT) elevation in patients with chest pain.: We analyzed RDW values in 2304 adult patients, who were consecutively admitted over a 1-year period to the local emergency department for chest pain suggestive of ACS. In all patients, a baseline blood sample was collected for routine haematological testing, whereas cTnT was measured at baseline and after 4, 6, and 12 h.: A total of 456 patients (19.8% of total) had ACS. These patients, all having cTnT≥0.03 μg/L up to 12 h from admission other than ischaemic electrocardiographic changes, had higher RDW than non-ACS patients [median 15.1%, (5th–95th percentiles) 13.2%–19.0% vs. 13.5%, 12.9%–17.1%, p<0.001]. On admission, the sensitivity and specificity of cTnT were 94% (25 false negative results) and 100%, respectively. The diagnostic accuracy of RDW, as calculated by the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, was 0.705 (p<0.001). At the cut-off value of 14%, the clinical sensitivity and specificity of RDW on admission were 79% and 50%, respectively. In 21 out of 25 patients classified as false negative for cTnT on admission, the RDW was >14%. Accordingly, the diagnostic sensitivity of the two combined measurements on admission was 99%.: As RDW is widely available to clinicians as a part of the complete blood count, and therefore incurs no additional costs, it might be considered with other conventional cardiac markers for the risk stratification of ACS patients admitted to emergency departments.Clin Chem Lab Med 2009;47:353–7.
A selected pre-amplification strategy for genetic analysis using limited DNA targets
Authors: Xia Peng , Radpour Ramin , Kohler Corina , Dang Cheng Xue , Cheng Fan Alex Xiu , Holzgreve Wolfgang , Zhong Xiao Yan 
Published: February 2009

Abstract: Limited DNA resources or limited DNA targets in predominant backgrounds for genetic tests can lead to misdiagnosis. We developed a strategy to selectively increase the amount of minor targets through a specific pre-amplification procedure.: We used the model of circulating cell free (ccf) male fetal DNA as a minor target in the predominant maternal plasma DNA to evaluate the strategy. The sex determining region (SRY) locus on the Y chromosome was used to identify ccf fetal DNA, and the human glyceraldehydes-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) gene was used to identify ccf total DNA in maternal plasma. We selectively pre-amplified the minor target SRY locus using the Expand Long Template PCR system and assessed the efficiency of the pre-amplification by real-time PCR, for both SRY and GAPDH, to compare the quantities of pre-amplified fetal DNA with those of maternal total DNA without pre-amplification.: The selected pre-amplification increased the amount of ccf fetal DNA dramatically (Wilcoxon test: p=0.000, the fold change=11,596). After selected pre-amplification, a proportion of 2.19% of the ccf fetal minor part in the predominant maternal component was changed up to 25,334%. The increased amounts of ccf fetal DNA found with the pre-amplification are not correlated to the amounts found without the procedure (r=−0.017, p=0.949).: This strategy may be useful in genetic analysis with limited DNA resources and limited DNA targets in predominant background molecules. However, this approach is not suitable for quantitative assessments, due to the fact that quantitative imbalanced amplification was observed as a result of the pre-amplification procedure.Clin Chem Lab Med 2009;47:288–93.
Measurement of thermal neutron cross section and resonance integral for the 165Ho(n, γ)166gHo reaction
Authors: Rajput M. U. , Maidana N. L. , Vanin V. R. , Dias M. S. , Koskinas M. F. 
Published: February 2009

Abstract
The ground state thermal neutron cross section and the resonance integral for the 165Ho(n, γ) 166Ho reaction in thermal and 1/E regions, respectively, of a thermal reactor neutron spectrum have been measured experimentally by activation technique. The reaction product, 166Ho in the ground state, is gaining considerable importance as a therapeutic radionuclide and precisely measured data of the reaction are of significance from the fundamental point of view as well as for application. In this work, the spectrographically pure holmium oxide (Ho2O3) powder samples were irradiated with and without cadmium covers at the IEA-R1 reactor (IPEN, São Paulo), Brazil. The deviation of the neutron spectrum shape from 1/E law was measured by co-irradiating Co, Zn, Zr and Au activation detectors with thermal and epithermal neutrons followed by regression and iterative procedures. The magnitudes of the discrepancies that can occur in measurements made with the ideal 1/E law considerations in the epithermal range were studied.
The measured thermal neutron cross section at the Maxwellian averaged thermal energy of 0.0253 eV is 59.0±2.1 b and for the resonance integral 657±36 b. The results are measured with good precision and indicated a consistency trend to resolve the discrepant status of the literature data. The results are compared with the values in main libraries such as ENDF/B-VII, JEF-2.2 and JENDL-3.2, and with other measurements in the literature.
Targetry and radiochemistry for no-carrier-added production of 109Cd
Authors: Sadeghi Mahdi , Mirazaee M. , Gholamzadeh Z. , Karimian A. , Novin F. Bolouri 
Published: February 2009

Abstract
Electrodeposition of silver on copper substrate was carried out using alkaline plating baths for production of Cadmium-109 via the natAg(p,n) 109Cd nuclear reaction. The target could withstand 15 MeV proton beam currents of up to 150 μA; the 109Cd production yield was 1.88 μCi/μA h (0.069 MBq/μA h). Cadmium-109 was separated from silver and non-isotopic impurities by ion-exchange chromatography.
System analytical approach of lung function and hemodynamics
Authors: Naszlady Attila , Kiss Lajos 
Published: February 2009

A szerzők kritikai módon elemzik a hagyományos élettani szemléletet és kiegészítik új megállapításokkal. Ezeket légzést és vérkeringést szimuláló, validizált számítógépes modelleken igazolják és a klinikai gyakorlat számára használható, az alábbi következtetésekben összegzik: a légzés és a szív négydimenziós függvényrendszere hasonló; a tüdőperfúziónak van egy, nem az arteriovenosus nyomáskülönbségtől függő vízesészónája; az egyes tüdőrészek időállandó-különbségei vérgázmódosító hatásúak; a pulmonalis kapilláris nyomás azonos az arteria pulmonalis nyomás diasztolés értékével; a szív nem nyomáspumpa, hanem áramlásforrás; a szívkamrákat az artériás rendszer bemenő impedanciaértéke és nem a hagyományos nyomás/áramlás hányados terheli; a nyugalmi, optimális pulzusszám aortahosszfüggő; ez az egész emlősvonalra érvényes törvényű, mert a rezonanciaelv közreműködik benne; a tachycardia a bemenő impedanciát csökkenti; ez mindkét kamrára igaz; a pozitív végnyomású gépi lélegeztetés mellett nem elég az artériás vérgáz vizsgálata, hanem a kevert vénás vérgázértéket is követni kell; a koszorúér valós vérkeringése csak az ütésenkénti vérellátással jellemezhető. Eredményeiket a szerzők a gyér, vonatkozó szakirodalom adataival vetik össze.
Potential Treatment Options After First-Line Chemotherapy for Advanced NSCLC: Maintenance Treatment or Early Second-Line?
Authors: Gridelli Cesare , Maione Paolo , Rossi Antonio , Ferrara Marianna Luciana , Bareschino Maria Anna , Schettino Clorinda , Sacco Paola Claudia , Ciardiello Fortunato 
Published: February 2009

Abstract
Although substantial progress has been made in the therapeutic options currently available for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the overall survival profile remains poor for most patients. One of the strategies currently under investigation with the aim of prolonging survival in NSCLC patients is maintenance treatment with either a chemotherapeutic agent or a molecularly targeted agent after first-line chemotherapy. Moreover, this can consist of drugs included in the induction regimen or other noncrossresistant agents. With the currently available data, maintenance treatment with a different noncrossresistant agent (i.e., an early second-line treatment) is perhaps the most promising strategy. The drug chosen for the early second-line treatment should be a well-tolerated agent, considering that patients have just completed a particularly toxic platinum-based chemotherapy. Extending treatment with targeted agents rather than chemotherapy can provide longer progression-free and overall survival times without increasing toxicity. However, at the moment, only progression-free survival has been shown to be consistently superior with maintenance approaches; the evaluation of survival benefits is warranted before defining this strategy as a possible treatment option. Further studies are warranted to establish the role of maintenance chemotherapy in patients with advanced NSCLC.
Improving the selectivity of non-polar alkanes, alkenes, and aromatic hydrocarbon compounds by the application of acetonitrile as a Cl reagent
Authors: Alwedian Fadel , Abu-Shandi Khalid 
Published: February 2009

Abstract
The selective enhancement of membrane introduction mass spectrometry for non-polar alkanes, alkenes, and aromatic hydrocarbon compounds by the application of acetonitrile as a chemical ionization reagent was investigated. Acetonitrile Cl is able to produce specific fragment ions for many of the compounds test and this can be used to identify and quantify the parent neutrals. This method provided relatively high detection limits of the test compounds. This method could potentially be useful for analytical applications such as the detection of non-polar hydrocarbons for environmental studies if CH3CN Cl/MIMS is coupled with a preconcentration method.
Non-extensive equilibration in relativistic matter
Authors: Bíró Tamás , Purcsel Gábor 
Published: February 2009

Abstract
We present a view of the non-extensive thermodynamics based on general composition rules. A formal logarithm maps these rules to the addition, which can be used to generate stationary distributions by standard techniques. We review the most commonly used rules and as an application we discuss the Tsallis-Pareto distribution of transverse momenta of energetic hadrons, which emerge from relativistic heavy-ion collisions.
Liquid–Solid Triboelectric Probes for Bubbles Status Monitoring
Authors: Luo Bin , Wang Xinyue , Liu Tao , Cai Chenchen , Liu Yanhua , Zhang Song , Chi Mingchao , Gao Cong , Wang Jinlong , Liu Zhaomeng , Wang Shuangfei , Nie Shuangxi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBubble status monitoring is essential for designing material nanostructures and optimizing industrial processes. However, tracking the fluid dynamics of bubbles is challenging due to their random distribution and irregular dynamic changes. In this study, a tube liquid–solid triboelectric nanogenerator serves as a probe to investigate bubbles at the liquid–solid interface. The study explores the impact of bubble fluid dynamics on liquid–solid contact electrification, examining variables such as flow rates, volumes, and release intervals of bubbles. The study demonstrates that the liquid–solid triboelectric probe can work as a non‐intrusive and self‐powered sensor for monitoring bubble states in chemical fluid control. The sensor exhibits a sensitivity of 13.2 V·cm−3, a signal‐bubble volume correlation coefficient of 0.9964, and a rapid response time of 0.15 s. The sensor, integrated with a wireless module, enables continuous remote detection. This work provides a valuable tool for investigating tri‐phase contact electrification dynamics and presents promising technology for bubble state monitoring.
Synergy of Ni Nanoclusters and Single Atom Site: Size Effect on the Performance of Electrochemical CO2 Reduction Reaction and Rechargeable Zn−CO2 Batteries
Authors: Miao Kanghua , Qin Jundi , Yang Jun , Kang Xiongwu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe design of bifunctional electrocatalysts toward reduction reaction of carbon dioxide (ECO2RR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in aqueous rechargeable Zn─CO2 batteries (ZABs) still poses a significant challenge. Herein, Ni clusters (Nix) of 0.5 and 0.8 nm in diameter coupled with single Ni site (Ni−N4−C), denoted as Ni−N4/Ni5 and Ni−N4/Ni8, respectively, are synthesized and the size effect of Ni nanoclusters are studied. Ni−N4/Ni5 exhibits an ≈100% Faradaic efficiency (FECO) toward ECO2RR for CO from −0.4 to −0.8 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode, superior to that of Ni−N4−C (FECO = 55.0%) and Ni−N4/Ni8 (FECO = 80.0%). The OER performance of Ni−N4/Ni5 and Ni−N4/Ni8 are superior or comparable to that of commercial RuO2 but outperform that of Ni−N4−C. Theoretical calculation indicates that *COOH of ECO2RR intermediates bond synergistically with Nix clusters and Ni−N4−C single atom site, promoting the activation of CO2 and reducing the energy barrier of the potential determining step of ECO2RR. Such effect is strongly size‐dependent and larger Nix nanoclusters result in too strong binding of *COOH intermediates, impede the formation of *CO. As a bifunctional cathode electrocatalyst of rechargeable alkaline aqueous ZABs, Ni−N4/Ni5 exhibits a peak power density of 11.7 mW cm−2 and cycling durability over 1200 cycles and 420 h.
Embracing Remote Fields as the Fourth Dimension of Tissue Biofabrication
Authors: Anand Shivesh , Müller Christoph Alexander , Nørrehvedde Jensen Bjarke , Chen Menglin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBiomodulation facilitated by external remote fields, such as those generated by magnetic, optical, and acoustic stimuli, has emerged as an intriguing avenue for tissue biofabrication, owing to their precision and non‐invasive characteristics. The active modulation of 3D tissue structures through cellular signaling transductions, encompassing thermo‐, mechano‐, and electro‐transduction, has proven highly effective in inducing spatiotemporally controlled, 4D compositional and functional tissue maturation. This review aims to highlight the current progress and unveil the underlying mechanisms achieved with these leadless strategies. Additionally, it addresses existing challenges and opportunities associated with these distinct approaches. Finally, with a few new directions briefly outlined, it unfolds future perspectives for their continual advancement.
High‐Quality Additive‐Free α‐FAPbI3 Film Fabricated by Alkane/Nanocrystals Method and Surface Chemistry Modulation for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cell
Authors: Wang Jiafeng , Xiu Jinwei , Zheng Guanhaojie , He Dong , Gao Han , Chen Zhenhua , Li Zhaoning , Chen Guocong , Zhang Xusheng , Ma Guoqiang , Slater Peter Raymond , He Zhubing 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIt's still a scientific issue to synthesize exotic amines‐free and pure‐phase FAPbI3 film because most FAPbI3 films are synthesized by adding MACl‐like exotic amines salts in their precursor solution to reduce the phase transition barrier. In this work, high‐quality and additive‐free phase‐pure α‐FAPbI3 films are successfully fabricated via the sustainable Alkane/Nanocrystals method. FAPbI3 nanocrystals (NCs) are performed as the heterogeneous nuclei to promote the nucleation and crystallization of FAPbI3 films. Cryogenic‐TEM and in situ GIWAXS evidence the seed function and interesting phase evolution of FAPbI3 NCs. The whole phase transition course of pure FAPbI3 film is systematically studied. IR‐AFM and ToF‐SIMS reveal ligands capped on NCs are extruded to the film surface. PbAc‐IPA solution treating the film surface can effectively wash off the surplus ligands at the surface and modulate the surface chemistry and energy levels. As a result, an average power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 21.45% is achieved for MA‐free pure α‐FAPbI3 perovskite solar cells (PSCs), as well as the best light‐soaking stability record of retaining 95% of the initial PCE after 800 h. This work paves a new way to fabricate MA‐free pure α‐FAPbI3 PSCs.
CsPbBr3/Porous‐SiO2 Composite Film for Efficient Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Kim Bong Woo , Noh Heejin , Kim Kyung Ho , Lim Hyeonji , Yu Taekyung , Im Sang Hyuk 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study aims to enhance the performance of inorganic perovskite light‐emitting diodes (PeLEDs) by incorporating porous silica (p‐SiO2) to fabricate perovskite‐composite films for electroluminescence (EL) devices. This is because, in addition to the inorganic perovskite material, composites with inherently stable materials are needed for perovskite to ensure additional external stability. The introduced p‐SiO2 particles impede the crystal growth of perovskite during the anti‐solvent assisted crystallization process, resulting in the formation of smaller CsPbBr3 crystals in the CsPbBr3/p‐SiO2 composite film. Accordingly, compared to previous CsPbBr3 films, this composite film exhibits two folds with higher photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) due to improved crystalline formation. Surprisingly, the CsPbBr3/p‐SiO2 composite film additionally has good water‐resistant properties because the residual cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) molecules are extracted from the p‐SiO2 particles and are oriented at the top surface of the CsPbBr3/p‐SiO2 composite film. The EL device fabricated with this composite film exhibits outstanding luminescence efficiency, with a current efficiency (CE) of 70.06 cd A−1 and an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 16.97%, surpassing control samples by two folds of magnitude. Furthermore, the operational stability improves approximately sevenfold compared to the control, presenting a promising strategy for advancing the field of inorganic perovskite ELs.
Xenon Nanobubbles and Residual Defects in Annealed Xe‐Implanted Si(001): Analysis by the Combination of Advanced Synchrotron X‐Ray Diffraction and Transmission Electron Microscopy Techniques
Authors: Calligaris Guilherme A. , Lang Rossano , Bettini Jefferson , dos Santos Adenilson O. , Cardoso Lisandro P. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractResidual crystalline defects on the subsurface of Xe‐implanted Si(001) and post‐annealed substrates are investigated by advanced X‐ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy techniques. Local characterization highlights the features of recrystallization and structural evolution induced by thermal treatments resulting from the formation of gaseous Xe nanobubbles embedded in a heavily twinned surrounding Si matrix. Both mappings of conventional reciprocal space and X‐ray multiple‐beam diffraction exhibited different aspects from the kinematical and dynamical X‐ray theories, respectively, contributing to a better understanding and description approach of residual damage in ion‐beam implanted materials. A simple layered model is proposed based on the experimental Q‐Scans profiles and computational calculations, distinguishing host matrix structural strain artifacts from the Xe‐bubbles pressure probed by a Xe M4,5‐edge blue shift in EELS spectra. Bubble pressure is determined by extrapolating the equation of state for xenon at high temperatures. The study also supports an experimental constantCXeM‐edgefor the ∆E≅C ntheoretical expression.
Iridium‐Catalysed C(sp3)−H Activation and Hydrogen Isotope Exchange via Nitrogen‐Based Carbonyl Directing Groups
Authors: Knight Nathan M. L. , Thompson James D. F. , Parkinson John A. , Lindsay David M. , Tuttle Tell , Kerr William J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractGrowing interest in improved structural diversity within the pharmaceutical industry has led to a focus on more sp3‐rich drug frameworks. Meanwhile, spiralling pharmaceutical research and development costs continue to require expedited adsorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity studies, which are heavily reliant on the use of molecules incorporating deuterium and tritium. Herein, we report an iridium catalyzed C(sp3)−H activation and hydrogen isotope exchange (HIE) methodology capable of utilizing pharmaceutically ubiquitous nitrogen‐based carbonyl directing groups. High levels of deuterium incorporation (>80% in 37 of the examples) are demonstrated across a range of substrates (5‐, 6‐, and 7‐membered lactams, cyclic carbamates and ureas, acyclic amides), with tolerance of a range of common functional groups (aryl, alkoxy, halogen, ester, alcohol, sulfonamide) and predictable regioselectivity. The applicability of this methodology was demonstrated with up to 98% deuterium incorporation observed in a range of challenging bioactive molecules such as Nefiracetam, Praziquantel, and Unifiram. Density functional theory has provided mechanistic insight into the C−H activation and HIE at both the expected site of incorporation and an unexpected aryl labelling via a 7‐membered metallocyclic intermediate.
Fast Finite‐Time Dynamic Surface Synchronization Control for Telerobotics System with Prescribed Performance
Authors: Li Hang , Chou Wusheng 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study focuses on the fast finite‐time synchronization control problem for nonlinear telerobotics system with asymmetric time‐vary delays and uncertainties. A finite‐time prescribed performance function is incorporated into the backstepping control framework such that the synchronization error will remain within a predefined funnel boundary. To increase the rate of convergence, the selected error transformation function is a arctangent function. The utilization of dynamic surface control method aims to decrease computational complexity by mitigating the need for repetitive differentiation of virtual signals in the conventional backstepping algorithm. In the meantime, the non‐power approximate signals of fuzzy neural network algorithms are utilized to replace the system uncertainties, effectively addressing the passivity issue associated with time‐delayed channels. Both theoretical analysis and experimental results are present to verify that the synchronization error can converge to a small neighborhood around zero in the fast finite time and the closed‐loop system remains stable.
Palm‐Sized Lab‐In‐A‐Magnetofluidic Tube Platform for Rapid and Sensitive Virus Detection
Authors: Li Ziyue , Zhang Shuo , Zhang Jiongyu , Avery Lori , Banach David , Zhao Hui , Liu Changchun 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSimple, sensitive, and accurate molecular diagnostics are critical for preventing rapid spread of infection and initiating early treatment of diseases. However, current molecular detection methods typically rely on extensive nucleic acid sample preparation and expensive instrumentation. Here, a simple, fully integrated, lab‐in‐a‐magnetofluidic tube (LIAMT) platform is presented for “sample‐to‐result” molecular detection of virus. By leveraging magnetofluidic transport of micro/nano magnetic beads, the LIAMT device integrates viral lysis, nucleic acid extraction, isothermal amplification, and CRISPR detection within a single engineered microcentrifuge tube. To enable point‐of‐care molecular diagnostics, a palm‐sized processor is developed for magnetofluidic separation, nucleic acid amplification, and visual fluorescence detection. The LIAMT platform is applied to detect SARS‐CoV‐2 and HIV viruses, achieving a detection sensitivity of 73.4 and 63.9 copies µL−1, respectively. Its clinical utility is further demonstrated by detecting SARS‐CoV‐2 and HIV in clinical samples. This simple, affordable, and portable LIAMT platform holds promise for rapid and sensitive molecular diagnostics of infectious diseases at the point‐of‐care.