bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ca 125 in the Follow—Up of Patients with Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Halila Hannu , Lehtovirta Pentti , Stenman Ulf‐Håkan , Seppälä Markku 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe value of CA 125 measurement in the diagnosis and follow–up of ovarian cancer was studied in 102 patients. The CA 125 levels were elevated in 88% (3221365) of samples from 82 patients with clinical evidence of disease and in 14% (561403) of samples from 58 patients without clinical evidence. Preoperative levels were elevated in 84% (44152) of the patients, and in 100% of those with stage III and IV disease. In patients with non–mucinous tumors the preoperative levels were elevated in 95% of cases (38140). CA 125 levels were significantly correlated with the course of disease in 88% (36141) of patients whose tumor regressed, and in 87% 120123) of those whose tumor progressed. Before second–look surgery of 48 patients, the sensitivity of the CA 125 test was 35% and the specificity was 86%. The results suggest that, although far from infallible, CA 125 is a useful marker for ovarian cancer. It is useful for monitoring the course of chemotherapy, but normal levels do not rule out the possibility of persistent or recurrent disease.
Amylase Activity and Fast–Migrating Amylase Isoenzymes in Serum and Cyst Fluid from Patients with Ovarian Neoplasms
Authors: Henriksen Rudi , Brock Axel 
Published: November 2007

Abstract160 patients with various ovarian tumors were studied to establish whether total amylase activity and the occurrence of fast migrating amylase isoenzymes in serum could serve as indicators of ovarian cancer. It was found that patients with benign and malignant ovarian tumors could not be classified by means of total amylase activity. Electrophoretic separation of the amylases revealed fast‐migrating forms in serum from 10 of 47 patients with malignant ovarian neoplasms; 8 of these 10, and altogether 19 of the 47 patients had a serous cystadenocarcinoma. Two of the 109 patients with benign ovarian tumors also showed the pattern with fast‐migrating amylases; both of them had a serous cystadenoma. Four patients with borderline tumors showed normal amylase patterns. Tumor origin of these fast‐migrating amylase forms in serum was substantiated by 1) amylase reactive cells detectable in tumor tissue, and 21 surgical removal of tumor followed by complete disappearence of the fast‐migrating amylase forms in serum. Normal serum amylase patterns do not exclude the presence of a malignant ovarian tumor, but occurrence of these abnormal amylase forms in serum may indicate that an ovarian tumor is a cystadenocarcinoma.
Endometriosis with Ascites
Authors: Chichareon S. B. , Wattanakitkrailert S. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract. Endometriosis associated with ascites is a rare entity. Since 1954 only 12 cases have been reported. We report here another case, seen at Songklanagarind Hospital. Clinical course, line of investigation and operative findings are described, and the management is presented. The point of diagnosis, appropriate management and possible etiologic mechanisms are discussed.Ascites in the female patient draws clinical awareness to possible genital malignancy if cardiac, hepatic, and renal disease and tuberculosis can be ruled out. However, some other benign condition can cause ascites, although it is an unusual entity. One such condition is endometriosis.
Comparison of Induced Versus Non‐Induced Labor in Post‐Term Pregnancy: A Randomized Prospective Study
Authors: Bergsja Per , Gui‐Dan Huang , Su‐Qin Yu , Zhi‐Zeng Gao , Bakketeig Leiv S. 
Published: November 2007

Objecfive To determine the proper management of pregnancy in uncomplicated cases going beyond 42 weeks.Design Randomized controlled trial of induction of labor at or shortly after the 42‐week limit, versus close monitoring without induction except when indicated for medical reasons.Setting Hospital's obstetrical department Study population: 188 pregnant women, randomly allocated to two groups with 94 in each.Interventions Induction of labor by stripping of membranes and i.v. oxytocin infusion, with artificial rupture of membranes when the cervical opening was 3 cm or more in diameter. The control group was followed with clinical, biochemical and electronic tests, intervention being applied according to needs.End points Frequency and modes of operative delivery, maternal and perinatal rnorbidity and mortality.Main results The distribution of gestational age (in weeks) at birth was almost identical in the two groups, but there were more operative deliveries in the control group than in the induction group (64 versus 48, p < 0.05). Maternal complications and perinatal morbidity rates were equally distributed between the groups. There was one perinatal death in the induction group and two deaths among the controls.Conclusion With due reservation for small numbers, routine induction after term may result in fewer operative deliveries. No other advantage has been demonstrated when compared with close monitoring and intervention when medically indicated.
The Performance of a Simple Scoring System Screening for Low Birthweight Infants for Gestation in an Unselected Pregnant Population
Authors: Sijmons Edith A. , Vervest Harry A.M. , Kerkhof Mieke , Reuwer Paul J.H.M. , Bruinse Hein W. 
Published: November 2007

Identification of poor fetal growth is an important objective of antenatal care. We evaluated the validity of the Wennergren score to predict small for gestational age and/or underweight for length infants (low ponderal index). To 405 randomly chosen pregnant women from our university hospital population, this numerical scoring system was applied at 28 and 34 weeks of gestation. Birthweights below the 2.3rd and 10th centile and ponderal indexes below the 3rd and 10th centile were used as outcome standards. The sensitivity of predicting SGA infants ranged from 28.4% for infants below the 10th birthweight centile at 28 weeks, to 66.7% for infants below the 2.3rd centile at 34 weeks. Figures for low ponderal indices ranged from 25.0% to 50.0%.In contrast to the promising performance of the Wennergren score as described in the Scandinavian literature, this score was not useful as a screening test for SGA or underweight for length infants in a Dutch hospital population.
Detection of Human Papilloma Virus in Women Refed for Colposcopy: A comparison between different diagnostic methods
Authors: Bodén Elisabeth , Evander Magnus , Wadell Göran , Bjersing Lars , von Schoultz Bo , Rylander Eva 
Published: November 2007

Various methods presently available for the diagnosis of genital Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) were compared regarding their sensitivity in women referred for specific diagnosis and treatment because of atypical Pap smears or clinically suspected neoplasia.Colposcopic examination was performed in all cases. In addition to taking a second Pap smear, cell suspensions were made from 105 women and analysed by the Filter In Situ Hybridization (FISH) technique and tested for HPV 6+11 and HPV 16+18+31. The FISH technique was also used for the possible detection of HPV‐DNA in a reference material comprising 119 apparently healthy women with normal Pap smears.Colposcopically directed cervical biopsies in altogether 196 specimens were obtained from 155 women for histopathological examination and also for the detection of HPV‐DNA by the Southern blot hybridization technique. These specimens were tested for the presence of HPV 6, 11, 16, 18, 31 and 33.Three per cent of the women with and 34% without cytological signs of HPV in Pap smears had cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 111 according to histopathology. CIN III was present in 35% of biopsies with and 59% of biopsies without histological signs of HPV in the biopsies.Altogether 46% of the women were HPV‐DNA positive. Of the women analysed by Southern blot, 39% were HPV‐DNA positive. Of the samples analysed by FISH, 27% with atypical cells were HPV‐DNA positive, compared with 11% of the samples from reference women with normal cytology.Of the women positive for HPV 16/18, colposcopy revealed HPV signs and or dysplasia in 95%.The presence of HPV in precancerous epithelium is not easily confirmed, either by cytology, colposcopy, or histopathology.By using Southern blot technique, it can be established that HPV‐DNA (67%) is frequently present in CIN III lesions. The FISH technique appeared to be as sensitive as Southern blot concerning the possibility of detecting HPV‐DNA in benign tissue and neoplasia of mild to moderate degree.
Acceleration of Fetal Maturation with Intra‐Amniotic Thyroxine in the Presence of Maternal Malignancy
Authors: Romaguera Josefina , Reyes Gloria , Caiseda David , Wallach Robert C. , Adamsons Karlis 
Published: November 2007

Acceleration of fetal maturation with intra‐amniotic administration of thyroxine was employed in eight patients in whom preterm delivery was necessary because of malignant disease of the mother. Thyroxine (200 mcg to 500 mcg) was given at weekly intervals starting at the 27th to 32nd week of gestation until the L‐S ratio exceeded 2.0. The fetuses were delivered between the 29.4 and 34.0 week. None of the newborns suffered from respiratory distress syndrome, and three newborns were cared for in the regular nursery.Thyroxine‐induced acceleration of fetal maturation and pre‐term delivery permits earlier initiation of antineoplastic and radiation therapy without exposing the fetus to the hazards of maternal therapy and those of prematurity.
Peripheral and Ovarian Venous Concentrations of Estradiol and Progesterone in Postmenopausal Women with “Non‐Endocrine” Ovarian Tumors
Authors: Kitayama Shunya , Nakano Ryosuke 
Published: November 2007

Estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) levels in peripheral venous blood were measured in 45 postmenopausal (more than 5 years after menopause) women with ovarian neoplasms. The E1 and P4 concentrations in ovarian venous blood were also measured in 26 of these 45 patients. The steroid levels were compared with the values in 10 postmenopausal women without ovarian tumors. In peripheral venous blood, relatively high E, concentrations were found in 24 of the 45 (53%) postmenopausal patients with ovarian tumors, and relatively high P4 concentrations were noted 15 of 45 (33%) of the patients. In ovarian venous blood, relatively hgih values of E2 were found in 18 of 26 (69%) of the postmenopausal patients, and relatively high values of P4 were noted in 11 of these 26 (42%). No differences in the E, and P4 levels in peripheral and ovarian venous blood were noted between the patients with benign tumors and those with malignant tumors.These results suggest that some of the epithelial ovarian tumors in postmenopausal women have steroid‐producing activity.
Iontophoresis of vasoactive drugs Effect on peripheral blood flow during pregnancy
Authors: Eneroth‐Grimfors Eva , Lindblad Lars‐Erik , Westgren Magnus , Etzell Britt‐Marie , Bevegård Sture 
Published: November 2007

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether iontophoretic administration of the vasoactive agents noradrenalin (NA) and angiotensin (AII) combined with measurement of skin blood flow with a laser Doppler technique could serve as a predictive method for pre‐eclampsia.Nine healthy non‐pregnant women, 9 healthy pregnant women and 9 pre‐eclamptic patients were investigated. A significant reduction of skin blood flow was induced by NA in all three groups and by AII in the non‐pregnant group. There was no significant difference between healthy pregnant and pre‐eclamptic patients in the degree of reduction of blood flow with respect to NA and All administration.
Incidence of adenomyosis uteri in a Greek population
Authors: Chrysostomou M. , Akalestos G. , Kallistros S. , Papadimitriou V. , Nazar S. , Chronis G. 
Published: November 2007

The reported incidence of adenomyosis based on unselected hysterectomies varies so widely that conclusions regarding the influence of any factor on that incidence are difficult to reach, although the relation of adenomyosis uteri to endometrial carcinoma has been the subject of only a few studies.In a 5‐year period at the General Hospital of Athens, 646 hysterectomies were performed. All data were retrieved from the surgical pathology laboratory files concerning adenomyosis uteri with either simultaneous endometrial carcinoma or endometrial hyperplasia. A control population was selected from patients operated upon for a variety of benign pelvic diseases. Adenomyosis was found in association with endometrial carcinoma in 17.5% of 40 cases, and in association with endometrial hyperplasia in 21.6% of 60 cases. The control series of 546 patients had a 26% incidence of adenomyosis. The results of our study do not indicate any correlation between adenomyosis uteri and endometrial carcinoma.
Long‐term treatment with transcutaneous estradiol and oral medroxyprogesterone acetate
Authors: Pedersen O. Due , Jensen H. Kålund 
Published: November 2007

In an open prospective study with therapeutic monitoring, 34 women with climacteric symptoms, FSH>40 IU/L and LH>25 IU/L were treated for 12 months with an cstradiol‐depot‐patch (Estraderm TTS) SO micrograms twice a week and medroxyprogesterone acetate 10 mg tablets from 12th to 25th day of cycle. During the first months a significant improvement was seen in hot flushes and other climacteric inconveniences in terms of Kupperman's menopause index.During the study period FSH and LH were suppressed and the estrogen values were normalized. The fraction of free estradiol compared to protein bound estradiol remained unchanged during the whole treatment.The serum‐lipids and serum‐SHBG at inclusion were within normal limits and did not change during 12 months of treatment. Thus from these parameters no sign of any liver induction was seen. Ten patients had short term skin symptoms while four withdrew from the study because of persistent skin symptoms.Nine patients withdrew From the study, in five cases this was related to the therapy while in the other four it was due to other causes.Twenty‐five (74%) women wished to continue the treatment after 12 months.
Lynestrenol induced therapeutic amenorrhea: Effects of dose reduction on serum sex‐hormones and lipids
Authors: Huovinen Kari J. L. , Lähteenmäki Pekka , Kärkkäinen Joma , Tikkanen Matti J. 
Published: November 2007

The effect of reducing the dose of peroral lynestrenol by half on serum sex‐hormone, lipid and lipoprotein status was studied in 21 mentally retarded women with therapeutic amenorrhea (TA). They had previously received 5 or 10 mg peroral lynestrenol daily for periods ranging from 32 to 196 months.Dose halving of lynestrenol resulted in an increase in serum total testosterone (T) by 16% (p<0.05). sex‐hormone binding globulin (SHBG) by 39% (p<0.01) and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL.‐C) by 28% (p < 0.001). Both the mean serum total and free concentrations of norethisterone (NET and tNET) decreased by 60% (p<0,001). The serum concentrations of 17‐beta‐estradiol (E2), its free fractions (fE2) and free T (fT) were not significantly altered. Significant correlations were observed between the change in HDL‐C and the change in T (r = 0.45, p<0.05), between the change in SHBG and the change in T (r = 0.62, p < 0.01), ff (r = 0.43. p < 0.05) and Ez (r = 0.51, p<0.05).The elevation of HDL‐C was probably caused by the reduced serum NET concentrations. This also resulted in an increase in serum SHBG concentration, which is regarded as an indicator of the overall estrogen/androgen ratio.
Pushing method in the expulsive phase of labor: A randomized trial
Authors: Parnell Christine , Langhoff‐Roos Jens , Iversen Randi , Damgaard Pia 
Published: November 2007

Background. Pushing in the second stage of labor can be forced or follow the spontaneous urge to bear down. Recent studies have shown that spontaneous pushing results in a longer second stage, fewer CTG changes, higher arterial pH and less damage to the birth canal. Method. Randomized trial of spontaneous vs. forced pushing in 350 primiparous women. Results. There was no difference between the randomized groups in duration of second stage of labor, umbilical arterial pH or damage to the birth canal. Of the women allotted to spontaneous pushing, 65.6% used the closed glottis technique for more than half the expulsive phase. When dividing the women into two groups according to the actual pushing technique used most, open or closed glottis, it turned out that women who used the open glottis technique had a shorter second stage of labor and gave birth to infants with lower birth weight.Conclusion. Recommending of spontaneous bearing down during the expulsive phase of labor did not result in a significant difference in duration of the second stage of labor, fetal arterial pH or less damage to the birth canal. Women who chose the open glottis technique had a shorter expulsive phase and gave birth to smaller infants than those who used the closed glottis technique.
A modified Raz bladder neck suspension operation: Results of a one to three years follow‐up investigation
Authors: Bosman Gert , Vierhout Mark E. , Huikeshoven Frans J. M. 
Published: November 2007

Objective: Long term follow‐up study of stress incontinence operations shows a declining success rate in time, especially for the needle suspension technique. We evaluated the long term results of a modified bladder neck suspension operation.Methods: From 01‐12‐87 till 01‐12‐89 a total of 42 modified Raz bladder neck suspensions for stress incontinence were performed. Early evaluation at three months had shown a cure rate of 93%. Long term (mean 27 months) results were evaluated using a questionnaire.Results: Follow‐up of 41 patients showed that ten patients (24%) were cured. Fourteen (34%) considered their situation improved and acceptable, despite mild incontinence. Seventeen patients (40%) considered their situation still unacceptable, half of them (nine patients, 21%) had another operation for incontinence done within two years.Conclusions: We conclude that this one to three years follow‐up shows that the modified Raz bladder neck suspension, in our hands, has, in spite of a good short term result, a relatively low long term success rate.
Bone loss, contraception and lactation
Authors: Mehta Suman 
Published: November 2007

Loss of bone mass with age, is a universal phenomenon and is more pronounced in women than in men. The condition where the bone loss has proceeded to the extent that fractures occur is termed osteoporosis. As the number of elderly persons in the population increases, its magnitude is likely to increase, both in the developing and the developed countries.Bone mass increases rapidly in childhood and the adolescent years, reaching a peak in the third decade of life, and begins to decline soon thereafter. Several factors are thought to influence bone loss: these include race, diet, smoking, and physical exercise. Although the rate of bone loss accelerates in the immediate postmenopausal period, the process actually begins in the premenopausal years. By the time osteoporosis is clinically apparent and manifested by fracture, it probably cannot be reversed. The peak adult bone mass achieved, and the subsequent rate of bone loss are the major factors that determine a woman's susceptibility to postmenopausal osteoporosis. A primary cause of bone loss after menopause is the associated decline in ovarian function.Scanty information is available on the factors that affect bone mineral density or initiate bone loss before menopause, although both estrogens and progestins have been shown to prevent bone loss in postmenopausal women.Available data on the relationship between steroid hormone contraceptive use and bone massldensity is limited to combined oral contraceptives and one report related to the use of depot medroxy progesterone acetate. While there are several studies which show that oral contraceptive preparations have a beneficial effect on bone mass, there are many other studies which fail to demonstrate such an effect. The divergent findings from the research to date reflect the dificulties in controlling not only for the many variables in studies based on small numbers, but also drawing inferences from studies which were undertaken during periods when changes in pill dosages/ formulations occurred and diagnostic techniques improved, plus the complex nature of the disease itself. It is not yet clearly understood if the possible protection conferred by steroidal contraception persists throughout the postmenopausal years — a period when there is acceleration of bone loss and whether or not this beneficial effect is specific to the trabecular bone which is more sensitive to metabolic influences.The effect of lactation on bone mass is not well understood. (Cross‐sectional and longitudinal studies report conflicting effects, both beneficial and adverse.) The association may be mediated not only through intake of calcium during lactation, the duration of lactation, and age at lactation, but the anatomic site and the technique employed to measure bone mass are important considerations. No single study has addressed all these factors together. Most of them have dealt with small numbers of subjects with low statistical power to detect small or even medium changes in bone maddensity.
Prognostic factors related to recurrent endometrial carcinoma following initial surgery
Authors: Vavra Norbert , Denison Ursula , Kucera Herwig , Barrada Monir , Kurz Christine , Salzer Heinz , Sevelda Paul 
Published: November 2007

Site of recurrence and histological type are significant prognostic factors for survival in recurrent endometrial carcinoma.The aim of this retrospective analysis of 56 patients suffering from recurrences of endometrial carcinoma following initial surgery was to establish the prognostic relevance that the following factors had on the survival rate: age, primary tumor stage, histological assessment (papillary vs non‐papillary), postoperative adjuvant radiation therapy, recurrence free interval (<24 months, >24 months) and localisation of recurrence. The univariate analysis showed a significantly longer median survival time after recurrence for the following parameters: local recurrence vs extra vaginal recurrence (77.5 months vs 15.7 months, p=0.02), non‐papillary vs papillary carcinoma (36.1 months vs 7.7 months, p=0.02), no adjuvant irradiation vs adjuvant irradiation (82.0 months vs 8.8 months, p = 0.007). Patients after adjuvant radiation treatment and patients suffering from papillary carcinomas have a significantly higher proportion of patients with distant metastasis (patients with adjuvant radiation treatment: Chi‐square test: p = 0.001; patients suffering from papillary carcinomas: p=0.033).In the case of local recurrences, a three year survival rate of 54% can be achieved with radiation treatment. Recurrences of papillary endometrial carcinomas and patients suffering from distant metastasis on the other hand, show very low survival rates if they are treated with radiation therapy (papillary carcinomas: three‐year survival rate of 18%, patients suffering from distant metastasis: 19%). These patients should be included in randomised studies with a view to examining the therapeutic effects of either additional or exclusive treatment with chemotherapy.