bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wind turbines: Vacated/abandoned homes study – Exploring research participants’ descriptions of observed effects on their pets, animals, and well water
Authors: Krogh Carmen Marie , McMurtry Robert Y. , Johnson W. Ben , Punch Jerry L. , Dumbrille Anne , Alves-Pereira Mariana , Hughes Debra , Rogers Linda , Rand Robert W. , Gillis Lorrie 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background:
Neighbors living within 10 km of industrial wind turbines have reported occurrences of adverse health effects and contemplated vacating their homes. Some participants described concerns for wildlife and effects on their pets, animals, and well water. While sources such as the scientific literature, social media, and Internet websites have reported these effects, research is limited.

Methods:
This ethics-reviewed study used the qualitative grounded theory methodology and interviewed 67 consenting participants, 18 years or older who had previously lived, or were currently living within 10 km of wind turbines. Audio files were transcribed to text, and the data were coded and analyzed using NVivo Pro (version 12.6) software.

Objectives:
The objectives of this study were to explore participants’ descriptions of effects related to their pets, animals, and well water and to generate a theory.

Results:
Data analysis revealed primary themes of environmental interference and altered living conditions and associated sub-themes of effects on animals and well water.

Discussion:
Internationally and in Ontario neighbors have reported effects on their pets and domestic animals, concerns for wildlife, and a loss of potable well water. It is recommended that members of the public, government authorities, policy-makers, researchers, health practitioners and social scientists with an interest in health policy acknowledge the potential for these effects and seek resolution for those negatively affected.
Comparative dosimetric, setup margin, and treatment time analysis between ring gantry and C-Arm linear accelerators for VMAT-based craniospinal irradiation plans
Authors: Biswal Subhra S. , Sarkar Biplab , Goyal Monika 
Published: March 2024

Purpose:
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the dosimetric and treatment delivery characteristics of volumetric modulated arc therapy technique (VMAT)-based craniospinal axis irradiation (CSI) between ring gantry Halcyon (HAL) and C-arm based Novalis Tx (NTx) linear accelerator. Set-up margin and treatment delivery time for both machines were also taken into account.

Materials and Methods:
Fifteen patients, 4 females and 11 males treated between March 2019 and February 2022 within the age group 4–56 years simulated in the supine position and were planned for multiple isocentre VMAT technique in ring gantry Halcyon and C-Arm Novalis linear accelerator for 6FFF and 6 MV flatten beam energy. The number of isocenters was the same in both the machines, usually three for adult adolescent age group patients and two for pediatric patients. Total on-couch time and the patient positional shift were captured for each isocenter during each session of treatment. Margins were calculated using Herk’s formula of margin = 2.5Σ +0.7σ. Dosimetry, on-couch time, and set-up margin were compared between two competing arms.

Results:
Ninety-five percent of PTV coverage (P = 0.333), volume receiving 107% (P = 0.676), total MU (P = 0.818) in both the arms were comparable and statically insignificant. Low-dose spillage such as D20% (P = 0.212) and D50% (P = 0.008) was lesser in HAL comparable to NTx. CI and HI were statically insignificant. Out of 26 organs at risk (OAR), only 3 organs showed a statically significant dose difference. The mean and maximum setup margin in any linear direction was 0.45 and 0.53 cm for HAL and 0.37 and 0.56 cm for NTx and, variation was statistically insignificant (0.23 < P < 0.47). On-couch time was 4.0 ± 5.5 min lesser for HAL and the difference in on-couch time between the two arms was statistically different.

Conclusion:
Even though the majority of the delivery parameters such as gantry speed, dose rate, beam characteristic (flatten or unflatten), MLC width, and speed between the ring gantry HAL and C-arm NTx linear accelerators were distinctly different, they offered no or minimal difference in the dose distribution and in the setup margin. HAL gives a faster treatment time delivery, which could be crucial for some selective cases such as patients receiving treatment under general anesthesia.
Cytotoxic effect of Rotheca serrata on cancer cell lines MCF-7 and neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y
Authors: Gadade Jayashree P. , Patil Swaroopa A. 
Published: March 2024

Introduction:

Rotheca serrata (Lamiaceae), a highly medicinal plant is used as an antidote for snakebite and the plant possesses medicinal properties like hepatoprotective, antitussive, antioxidant, anticancer, neuro-protective, used in rheumatoid arthritis and is also a α-glucoside inhibitor. AIM OF THE STUDY: This work aimed to study the anticancerous effect of Rotheca serrata (root and leaf) on cancer cell lines MCF-7 (breast cancer cell line) and Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y.

Materials and Methods:
This investigation was a preliminary one which supported the retrospective and safe use of plants as described in Ayurveda. Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium with High Glucose (DMEM-HG) for culturing MCF-7- Human Breast cancer cell line and Minimum essential Medium (MEM)+F12 medium for culturing SH-SY5Y- Homo sapiens bone marrow neuroblast were used. MTT assay measured the cell proliferation rate and conversely, when metabolic events lead to apoptosis or necrosis, the reduction in cell viability.

Results:
The results indicated that the Methanolic extract of Rotheca serrata (root and leaf) showed high anticancer activity. Different concentrations of plant extracts (25, 50, 100, 200, 400 µg/ml) were used to study the anticancerous activity, amongst which the significant results were obtained for 400 µg/ml concentration (both root & leaf). Effective anticancer activity against MCF – 7 breast cancer cells was shown in methanoilc extracts and were expressed as IC 50 values; in root (IC 50 value = 61.8259 ± 7.428 µg/ml) and in leaf (IC 50 value = 78.1497 ± 6.316 µg/ml). The MTT assay in case of neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cell lines revealed that 400 µg/ml concentration of leaf methanolic extract showed effective inhibition of cancer cells with IC 50 value 37.8462 ± 2.957 µg/ml as compared to IC 50 value of root methanolic extract which was 57.0895 ± 2.351 µg/ml.

Conclusion:

R. serrata possess anticancer activity against breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) and neuroblastoma (SH-SY 5Y) cell lines. This study may to design plant-based drugs without side effects. Dosage compensation for specific type of cancer needs to be monitored in patients with 1st stage.
Clinicopathological outcomes of microsatellite instability in colorectal cancer
Authors: Gülşen Taygun , Ergenç Muhammer , Şenol Zafer , Emirzeoğlu Levent , Güleç Bülent 
Published: March 2024

Aims:
This study aims to evaluate the histopathological features and prognostic parameters of tumors with microsatellite instability (MSI) compared with those without MSI in patients who underwent surgery for colorectal cancer (CRC).

Setting and Design:
Follow-up for CRC at Istanbul Sultan 2. Abdulhamid Han Training and Research Hospital was retrospectively evaluated between March 2017 and March 2021.

Methods and Material:
The patients were divided into two groups: those with and without MSI. Groups were compared in survival parameters. As a secondary result, groups were compared in pathological parameters such as stage, tumor diameter, degree of differentiation, and lymphovascular, and perineural invasion.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Survival calculations were performed using the Kaplan–Meier analysis method. The effects of various prognostic factors related to tumor and patient characteristics on disease-free and overall survival (OS) were investigated by log-rank test.

Results:
Two hundred fourteen patients were analyzed. The median age of the patients was 66 (30–89), and 59.3% (n = 127) were male. There were 25 patients in the MSI group and 189 patients in the non-MSI group. We found that MSI tumors had a significantly higher differentiation degree than non-MSI tumors and larger tumor diameters. MSI tumors frequently settled in the proximal colon, and more lymph nodes were removed in the resection material. MSI tumors had longer disease-free survival, cancer-specific survival, and overall survival.

Conclusions:
By diagnosing microsatellite instability, CRCs can be divided into two groups. The histopathological features of the tumor and the prognosis of the disease differ between these groups. MSI can be a predictive marker in the patient’s follow-up and treatment.
Challenges in commissioning the “TSET” technique: A new approach towards monitor unit calculation and beam profile measurements
Authors: Trivedi Gaurav , Oinam Arun S. , Yadav Budhi Singh , Singh Pushpendra P. , Singh Ranjit , Robert Ngangom 
Published: March 2024

Introduction:
Total skin electron beam therapy, commonly known as TSET, is a good choice of treatment for patients suffering from mycosis fungoides. The aim of this study was to introduce a new approach to the beam profile measurement using diodes and to calculate the monitor units required for the TSET treatment by the use of a simple setup of output measurement. Dosimetric measurements required for the treatment were taken to establish the Stanford technique in the department, and the measured data was compared with the published data.

Materials and Methods:
High-energy Linear Accelerator Clinac–DHX, Varian medical system, Palo Alto, CA, was commissioned for TSET. The output of the machine was measured by the use of a Parallel-Plate Chamber (PPC40) as per the TRS 398 recommendation. Diode dosimeters (EDD2 and EDD5) were used for beam profile measurements due to easy setup and to reduce the measurement time.

Results:
Homogeneous dose distribution within a field size of 80 cm x160 cm was observed with the variation of -5.0% on the horizontal axis and -5.4% on the vertical axis. The calculated monitor unit to deliver 200 cGy per fraction per field at the source to surface (SSD) of 416 cm was 489 MU.

Conclusion:
The technique described for the output measurements is simple and accurate. Results of the absorbed dose and MU measured were within good agreement compared to the published literature.
Wheat germ agglutinin conjugated chitosan nanoparticles for gemcitabine delivery in MCF-7 cells; synthesis, characterisation and in vitro cytotoxicity studies
Authors: Derakhshandeh Katayoun , Ghalaei Parviz Mohammadi , Aryaeinejad Shakiba , Hoseini Seyed Abolfazl 
Published: March 2024

Objective and Aim:
Numerous clinical trials indicated combination regimens containing gemcitabine could extend progression-free survival of breast cancer patients without increasing the incidence of serious adverse effects. Orally administered gemcitabine is being metabolized by enzymes present in intestinal cells rapidly; thereupon, the current study was aimed to preparing, optimizing, and evaluating cytotoxicity of wheat germ agglutinin conjugated gemcitabine-chitosan nanoparticles (WGA-Gem-CNPs) in MCF-7 and HEK293 cells and to determining their cellular uptake by Caco-2 cells.

Methods:
Gem-CNPs were prepared by Ionic Gelation method and optimum formulation was implied for WGA conjugation optimisation. Nanoparticles formation was approved by FTIR and DSC analyses; then particles were characterized by DLS and release profile was prepared. MTT assay was performed in MCF-7 and HEK293.

Results:
Optimized Gem-CNPs and WGA-Gem-CNPs particle size were estimated as 126.6 ± 21.8 and 144.8 ± 36.1 nm, respectively. WGA conjugation efficacy was calculated as 50.98 ± 2.32 percent and encapsulation efficiency in WGA-Gem-CNPs was 69.44 ± 3.41 percent. Three-hour Caco-2 cellular uptake from Gem-CNPs and WGA-Gem-CNPs were estimated as averagely 3.5 and 4.5 folds higher than free drug, respectively. Gem-CNPs and WGA-Gem-CNPs reduced IC50 in MCF-7 cells by 2 and 2.5 folds, respectively; such decrease for HEK293 cells was as much as 2.4 and 6.3 folds, in same order.

Conclusion:
Demonstrated significant in vitro uptake of WGA-Gem-CNPs and cytotoxicity might be considered for more studies as a potential carrier for oral delivery of gemcitabine.
A comparative study of whole brain radiotherapy with concomitant thalidomide versus whole brain radiotherapy alone in brain metastases
Authors: Chyrmang Deiwakor , Devi Yumkhaibam S. , Baidya Kishalay , Singh Laishram J. , Nongrum Daffilyne L. , Devi Ningthoujam D. 
Published: March 2024

Background:
Brain metastasis increases morbidity and mortality in cancer patients. This study was undertaken to compare tumor response and treatment-related toxicities in patients treated with orally administered thalidomide concomitantly with whole brain radiotherapy to whole brain radiotherapy alone in brain metastases.

Methods:
This randomized control trial was conducted in radiation oncology department, RIMS among 42 patients of brain metastases distributed in two study arms during the period August 2018 to July 2020. Twenty patients in Arm-A received whole brain radiotherapy to a dose of 3,750 cGy in 15 fractions with concomitant oral thalidomide 200 mg daily in first week and 400 mg/day from second week of radiation onward till the end of radiotherapy, whereas 20 patients of Arm-B received whole brain radiation of 3,750 cGy in 15 fractions alone.

Results:
Patient characteristics were comparable. Median central nervous system progression free survival was 2 months for Arm-A and 3 months for Arm-B, whereas median overall survival study was 4 months for Arm-A and 3 months for Arm-B. Overall response rate in Arm-A was 56% and in Arm-B was 44%. Treatment-related toxicities were more in arm-A but were manageable.

Conclusion:
Addition of thalidomide to whole brain radiotherapy makes no significant difference. Though not statistically significant, but still, Arm-A had shown some percentage benefits. Further studies with larger sample sizes should be done.
Outcomes of the patients with metastatic male breast cancer
Authors: Dogan Izzet , Khanmammadov Nijat , Ozkurt Selnur , Aydiner Adnan , Saip Pinar 
Published: March 2024

Background:
The goal of this research is to investigate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of men with metastatic breast cancer (mMBC).

Methods:
A retrospective analysis of the data of 28 patients was conducted. Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression analyses were used to assess overall survival (OS) and prognostic variables.

Results:
At the time of diagnosis, the median age was 57 years (range 26–86). The most prevalent pathological subtype was invasive ductal carcinoma (92.6%). HER2 positivity was 21.6% in patients, with estrogen and progesterone receptor positivity at 96.4% and 71.4%, respectively. Bone-75%, lung-39.3%, brain-21.4%, and adrenal gland-10.7% were the most prevalent metastatic sites. Trastuzumab-based chemotherapy was given to six patients. During the study period, 14 patients (or half) died. All patients had a median OS of 42.6 months (range: 21.6–63.7). The OS rates after 1, 3, and 5 years were 95.7%, 54.2%, and 36.6%, respectively. The number of metastatic locations (P = 0.045), brain metastasis (P = 0.033), and a history of regular alcohol intake (P = 0.008) were all shown to be statistically significant factors affecting OS in univariate analysis. However, multivariate analysis did not support the findings. In addition, we discovered that trastuzumab-based therapy and de-novo metastatic disease had no effect on OS for mMBC.

Conclusions:
The data on mMBC is restricted because of its rarity. The prognosis of mMBC was shown to be poor in this investigation. Despite the small number of patients, we discovered that in univariate analysis, having brain metastases, the number of metastatic locations, and a history of alcohol intake may be prognostic factors.
Risk factors for local recurrence of keloids and hypertrophic scars after postoperative electron beam radiotherapy
Authors: Katano Atsuto , Minamitani Masanari , Yamashita Hideomi 
Published: March 2024

Objective:
Keloids and hypertrophic scars are benign fibroproliferative lesions that occur as a result of skin injury. Postoperative radiation therapy is used to reduce the recurrence rate because of the high recurrence rate with surgical treatment alone. This study aimed to identify the risk factors for recurrence after postoperative electron beam radiotherapy.

Materials and Methods:
Patients with keloid or hypertrophic scars with at least one lesion and who underwent postoperative electron beam radiotherapy at our institution from June 2013 to March 2022 were included in the study, while patients with a follow-up period of fewer than three months were excluded.

Results:
A retrospective analysis was performed on 94 lesions in 81 patients. Exactly two years after the treatment, the actuarial local control rate was 86.4%. The chest wall, shoulder, and suprapubic area were identified as high-risk recurrence sites. Compared to other body sites, these sites had significantly lower local control rates (two-year local control rates: 75.5% vs. 95.2%, P = 0.005). After multivariate analysis, treatment site (P = 0.014), male gender (P = 0.019), and younger age (P = 0.029) were revealed to be statistically significant risk factors for local recurrence. Risk factors for keloid recurrence after postoperative electron beam radiotherapy were therefore identified.

Conclusion:
This result could be used for follow-up and as a determinant for the optimal dose/fractionation of postoperative radiotherapy.
Dosimetric comparison between carotid-sparing IMRT and 3DCRT in early glottic cancer patients treated with definitive radiation therapy
Authors: Kaur Harkirat , Thakur Niketa , Sharma Ramita , Sudan Meena , Jain Neeraj , Kaur Supreet , Lehal Priyanka 
Published: March 2024

Background:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dosimetric benefits of carotid-sparing IMRT (intensity-modulated radiation therapy) over 3DCRT (three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy) in early glottic cancer patients.

Material and Methods:
Ten patients with histologically proven early-stage squamous cell cancer of glottis (T1N0), treated with definitive radiotherapy, were selected retrospectively for the dosimetric analysis. Patients were originally treated with 3DCRT technique. For comparison purpose, IMRT plans were generated for each patient. Dosimetric comparison was done between two techniques (IMRT and 3DCRT) in terms of PTV (planning target volume) coverage, HI (homogeneity index), CI (conformity index), and doses to right carotid artery, left carotid artery, and spinal cord.

Results:
V95% for the PTV was higher in IMRT plans (98.26%) as compared to 3DCRT plans (95.12%) (P-value <0.001), whereas V105% for PTV was significantly higher in 3DCRT plans (16.77%) as compared to IMRT plans (0.32%) (P-value 0.11). In terms of both HI and CI, IMRT plans showed better conformity as compared to 3DCRT plans, with statistically significant difference. Both right and left carotid arteries’ average mean and maximum doses were significantly lower in IMRT plans as compared to 3DCRT plans (P-value <0.001). IMRT plans resulted in significant carotid-sparing as compared to 3DCRT plans in terms of V35 and V50 (P-value <0.001).

Conclusion:
Carotid-sparing IMRT resulted in better PTV coverage and lower carotid artery dose as compared to 3DCRT in early glottic cancer patients.
Long-term treatment results of conventional and hypofractionation radiotherapy in postmastectomy cancer breast patients: A retrospective study from rural cancer center of Maharashtra, India
Authors: Jain Vandana S. , Bakshi Nanki , Jain Shailendra M. , Mandloi Varsha , Malik Yusuf , Kharde Anup 
Published: March 2024

Aim:
This study aims to evaluate the long-term treatment outcome of conventional and hypofractionation radiotherapy in postmastectomy cancer breast patients.

Material and Methods:
A total of 140 postmastectomy breast cancer patients were included in this retrospective study, who were treated from 2012 to 2014 with chemotherapy and various fractionation radiotherapy schedules. Radiotherapy treatment records for study group-I received radiotherapy 4256 cGy in 16 fractions over 3½ weeks, group-II patients received 4005 cGy in 15 fractions over 3 weeks, and conventional radiotherapy group-III received 5000 cGy in 25 fractions over 5 weeks.

Results:
The median follow-up of patients from all groups was 60 months (range 9 to 111 months). There were 39 cases with disease failure, 13 (26%) in group I (42.56 Gy), 16 (40%) in group II (40.05 Gy), and 10 (20%) in group III (50 Gy). There were 4 locoregional recurrences (LRRs), two isolated, and 11 distant failures in group I, 3 LRRs (1 isolated LRR) and 15 distant failures in group II, and only one LRR and 9 distant failures in group III. The disease-free survival (DFS) were 74%, 60%, and 80%, respectively, in groups I, II, and III (P =0.044).

Conclusion:
The long-term results of this study show that hypofractionation radiotherapy in postmastectomy cases is well tolerated and acute and late side effects are also comparable to conventional fractionation. In our study, locoregional and distant failure seems slightly higher with hypofractionation schedules than in other studies, highlighting the need for more studies with long-term follow-up in postmastectomy patients.
Primary and adjuvant intensity-modulated radiotherapy in oropharyngeal carcinoma patients from a single institution
Authors: Hauswald Henrik , Petrow Eugen , Roeder Falk , Debus Juergen , Zwicker Felix , Huber Peter E. 
Published: March 2024

Background:
To retrospectively access outcome, adverse events and prognostic factors in oropharyngeal carcinoma (OPC) patients treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT).

Methods:
Ninety-eight OPC patients were treated between 2000 and 2015. Thirty-three patients received definitive and 65 adjuvant radiotherapy. Seventy-one percent had simultaneous chemotherapy. Patients were systematically followed up (mean 114 months, range 19–197 months). Statistical analysis used Kaplan–Meier method, Cox regression analysis, and log-rank test. Adverse events were classified according to common toxicity criteria version (CTCAE) 4.03.

Results:
The 1-, 5-, and 10-year overall survival rates in the adjuvant vs. definitive cohort were 90.8% vs. 66.7%, 67.4% vs. 33.1%, and 57.7% vs. 16.5%. Survival in the adjuvant cohort was significantly longer than in the definitive cohort (P < 0.00005). Patients <65 years had a significantly longer survival than older patients. Locoregional tumor control rates after 1-, 5-, and 10 years in the adjuvant vs. definitive cohort were 90.2% vs. 66.7%, 82.2% vs 45.4%, and 72.1% vs. 30.3%. Locoregional tumor control in the adjuvant cohort was significantly longer than in the definite cohort (P < 0.005). Distant metastases were diagnosed in 20.4% of all patients. Most patients had mild CTCAE grade 1 and 2 adverse events and mild late adverse events including xerostomia, dysphagia, and lymphedema.

Conclusion:
Intensity-modulated radiotherapy for OPC is an important part of the treatment algorithm alone and in particular after surgery while the additional benefits of chemotherapy might be age dependent. Despite advanced tumor stages, nearly half of our patients were alive in the long term. The majority of patients had relatively mild chronic adverse events.