bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Catalytic Hydrogenation of Halosteroidal Derivatives by Bipyridine or Phenanthroline Complexes of Copper(II) in Hydrazine Aqueous Media.
Authors: Du Huang‐Chi , Liu Kung‐Cheng , Li Wen‐Shan 
Published: August 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Aziridine‐2,3‐dicarboxylate Inhibitors Targeting the Major Cysteine Protease of Trypanosoma brucei as Lead Trypanocidal Agents.
Authors: Schirmeister Tanja , et al. et al. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis and Biological Activities of Prenylated Tyrosine Derivatives (I), the Metabolites of Pithomyces ellis.
Authors: Venkateswarlu Somepalli , Panchagnula Gopala K. , Subbaraju Gottumukkala V. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
An Efficient Stereoselective Dihydroxylation of Glycals Using a Bimetallic System, RuCl3/CeCl3/NaIO4.
Authors: Tiwari Pallavi , Misra Anup Kumar 
Published: August 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Lonijaposides, Novel Cerebrosides from Lonicera japonica
Authors: Kumar Neeraj , Singh Bikram , Gupta Ajai P. , Kaul Vijay K. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Suppression of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Expression by Yakuchinones and Their Analogues.
Authors: Lee Hwa Jin , Kim Ji Sun , Yoon Joung Wha , Kim Hee‐Doo , Ryu Jae‐Ha 
Published: August 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
New Total Synthesis of O‐Methyledgeworin (V) and Edgeworin (VI).
Authors: Kirkiacharian B. Serge , Brilland Marie 
Published: August 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Design of a Potent, Soluble Glucokinase Activator with Excellent in vivo Efficacy.
Authors: McKerrecher Darren , et al. et al. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Organometallic Intermediates Formed in the Reaction of Ethers with Potassium Anions
Authors: Stolarzewicz Andrzej , Grobelny Zbigniew , Maercker Adalbert 
Published: August 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
High‐Valent Iron Complexes with Tetraamido Macrocyclic Ligands: Structures, Moessbauer Spectroscopy, and DFT Calculations
Authors: Chanda Arani , Popescu Delia‐Laura , Tiago de Oliveira Filipe , Bominaar Emile L. , Ryabov Alexander D. , Muenck Eckard , Collins Terrence J. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis and Applications of Amphiphilic Fulleropyrrolidine Derivatives.
Authors: Mateo‐Alonso Aurelio , Sooambar Chloe , Prato Maurizio 
Published: August 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Medicinal Chemistry of Combretastatin A4: Present and Future Directions
Authors: Tron Gian Cesare , Pirali Tracey , Sorba Giovanni , Pagliai Francesca , Busacca Sara , Genazzani Armando A. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Recent Applications of Olefin Ring‐Closing Metathesis (RCM) in the Synthesis of Biologically Important Alkaloids, Terpenoids, Polyketides and Other Secondary Metabolites
Authors: Gaich Tanja , Mulzer Johann 
Published: August 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Recent Advances in the Solid‐Phase Combinatorial Synthetic Strategies for the Benzodiazepine‐Based Privileged Structures
Authors: Kamal Ahmed , Reddy K. Laxma , Devaiah V. , Shankaraiah N. , Reddy D. Rajasekhar 
Published: August 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Diagnosis of clear cell sarcoma by real‐time reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction analysis of paraffin embedded tissues
Authors: Coindre Jean‐Michel , Hostein Isabelle , Terrier Philippe , Bouvier‐Labit Corinne , Collin Francoise , Michels Jean‐Jacques , Trassard Martine , Marques Bernard , Ranchere Dominique , Guillou Louis 
Published: July 2006

AbstractBACKGROUND.Clear cell sarcoma (CCS) is a rare tumor with a very poor prognosis that occurs predominantly in the distal extremities of young adults. Most patients bear the t(12;22) reciprocal translocation, which involves the EWS and ATF1 genes. The diagnosis of CCS usually is easy but may be challenging in unusual sites, and the detection of EWS‐ATF1 fusion transcripts is helpful to rule out a metastatic melanoma.METHODS.Forty‐four patients with CCS and 14 conventional melanomas were examined for the presence of EWS‐ATF1 transcripts by using real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis on paraffin embedded tissues, including frozen samples for 9 CCS samples and 9 melanoma samples. Prior to molecular analysis, the diagnosis of CCS was considered certain in 35 patients and as probable in 9 patients on the basis of location, histologic features, and immunohistochemical profile. Treatment modalities and follow‐up were available for 41 patients with CCS.RESULTS.EWS‐ATF1 fusion transcripts were detected in 38 paraffin embedded CCS tissues (86% of all samples; 93% of interpretable samples), 3 samples (7%) were negative, and 3 samples (7%) were considered uninterpretable. Fusion transcripts were detected in 7 of 9 samples for which the diagnosis of CCS was considered probable. EWS‐ATF1 transcripts were not detected in the 14 samples of melanoma. Results from frozen tissues were concordant with those from all corresponding paraffin embedded samples. Twenty‐eight of 41 patients (68%) experienced lymph node and/or distant metastasis, and the 5 year‐survival rate was 44%. Mitotic index and histologic grade were predictive of survival and distant metastasis.CONCLUSIONS.The results of this study showed that the molecular detection of EWS‐ATF1 fusion transcript by real‐time PCR on paraffin embedded tissues is a sensitive and specific method for the diagnosis of CCS. It is an efficient tool for the diagnosis of unusual tumors, especially with regard to its distinction from melanoma. The current results also confirmed the poor prognosis for patients with this tumor type. Mitotic index and grade were predictive factors for survival and distant metastasis. Cancer 2006. © American Cancer Society.
A method for verifying concurrent Java components based on an analysis of concurrency failures
Authors: Long Brad , Strooper Paul , Wildman Luke 
Published: August 2006

AbstractThe Java programming language supports concurrency. Concurrent programs are harder to verify than their sequential counterparts due to their inherent non‐determinism and a number of specific concurrency problems, such as interference and deadlock. In previous work, we have developed the ConAn testing tool for the testing of concurrent Java components. ConAn has been found to be effective at testing a large number of components, but there are certain classes of failures that are hard to detect using ConAn. Although a variety of other verification tools and techniques have been proposed for the verification of concurrent software, they each have their strengths and weaknesses. In this paper, we propose a method for verifying concurrent Java components that includes ConAn and complements it with other static and dynamic verification tools and techniques. The proposal is based on an analysis of common concurrency problems and concurrency failures in Java components. As a starting point for determining the concurrency failures in Java components, a Petri‐net model of Java concurrency is used. By systematically analysing the model, we come up with a complete classification of concurrency failures. The classification and analysis are then used to determine suitable tools and techniques for detecting each of the failures. Finally, we propose to combine these tools and techniques into a method for verifying concurrent Java components. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of C‐peptide on isolated human pancreatic islet cells
Authors: Bugliani Marco , Torri Scilla , Lupi Roberto , Del Guerra Silvia , Grupillo Maria , Del Chiaro Marco , Mosca Franco , Boggi Ugo , Del Prato Stefano , Marchetti Piero 
Published: July 2006

AbstractBackgroundRecent data have demonstrated that pro‐insulin‐derived C‐peptide can affect the function of several different cell types. We hypothesized that C‐peptide might have an influence on the function and survival of isolated human islets.MethodsIslets were prepared by combining enzymatic digestion and density gradient centrifugation, and the effects of human C‐peptide were evaluated acutely and after 24‐h incubation. Insulin secretion, apoptosis, quantitative RT‐PCR and western‐blotting experiments were then performed.ResultsGlucose‐stimulated insulin secretion was not affected by C‐peptide and, accordingly, mRNA expression of glucose transporter 2 and glucokinase did not differ between islets pre‐cultured or not with the hormone. However, apoptosis was significantly lower in islets exposed to C‐peptide than in control islets. This was accompanied by a significant increase of mRNA and protein expression of Bcl2, an anti‐apoptotic molecule, with no change in the expression of Bax, a pro‐apoptotic molecule.ConclusionThese results show that in human islets pro‐insulin C‐peptide has no direct effects on insulin secretion, but it decreases islet cell apoptosis. A direct role of C‐peptide on beta‐cell mass regulation is therefore suggested. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Diatom‐Templated Synthesis of Ordered Meso/Macroporous Hierarchical Materials
Authors: Cai Xiaohui , Zhu Guangshan , Zhang Weiwei , Zhao Huanyu , Wang Ce , Qiu Shilun , Wei Yen 
Published: August 2006

AbstractOrdered meso/macroporous hierarchical silica materials have been prepared using block copolymer P123 (EO20PO70EO20) and an inverse carbon replica of diatom as templates. The silica wall of the diatom was replaced by ordered mesoporous silica, while the micron‐sized diatom architecture was replicated by using an inverse carbon replication technique. The mesoporous silica was found to have macroporous structures of both columnar and discoid diatom templates. The presence of hierarchical meso/macroporous systems was confirmed by the results from scanning and transmission electron microscopy, powder X‐ray diffraction, and nitrogen adsorption–desorption studies. The materials with columnar and discoid morphologies have BET surface areas of about 400 m2 g–1. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
Synthesis and Characterization of [(1R,2R)‐trans‐Diaminocyclohexane]platinum(II) Coordinated to Sulfur and Selenium Amino Acids
Authors: Rothenburger Claudia , Galanski Mathea Sophia , Arion Vladimir B. , Görls Helmar , Weigand Wolfgang , Keppler Bernhard K. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractDichloro[(1R,2R)‐trans‐diaminocyclohexane]platinum(II) was activated with Ag2CO3 and then treated with (S)‐methionine, S‐methyl‐(S)‐cysteine, (S)‐selenomethionine and Se‐methylseleno‐(S)‐cysteine. The N,S‐ and N,Se‐chelated platinum(II) species were isolated as hexafluorophosphate salts andcharacterized by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, ESI‐MS, IR, elemental analyses and, in the case of the (S)‐methionine and (S)‐selenomethionine complexes, by X‐ray crystallography. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
Predicting Enantioselectivity: Computation as an Efficient “Experimental” Tool for Probing Enantioselectivity
Authors: Ragusa Andrea , Hayes Joseph M. , Light Mark E. , Kilburn Jeremy D. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractAs a result of the accurate agreement between computation and experiment obtained using default forcefield parameters, the MMFFs forcefield together with a Monte Carlo conformational search method (MCMM/LMCS) and the MINTA free‐energy calculation algorithm has been used to probe the enantioselective potential of a new macrocyclic receptor, hence saving time and money on costly experimental procedures. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
Vanadium limits the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and inhibits early DNA damage during diethylnitrosamine‐induced hepatocellular preneoplasia in rats
Authors: Chakraborty Tridib , Chatterjee Amrita , Dhachinamoorthi Duraisami , Srivastawa Sunil , Panayappan Lakshmanan , Chatterjee Malay 
Published: July 2006

AbstractPrevious studies from our laboratory have shown that vanadium stabilizes xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes and antioxidant status and suppresses DNA‐protein crosslinks during chemically‐induced hepatocarcinogenesis in rats. In the present study, we have further investigated the in vivo antitumor potential of this micronutrient by determining the effect of 0.5 ppm vanadium in drinking water on biomarkers for the early stages of hepatocarcinogenesis; the biomarkers included γ‐glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT)‐positive foci and glycogen‐storage foci, in situ expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and genotoxic DNA damage assessed by the alkaline Comet assay. Histomorphometry also was assessed during the study. Hepatocarcinogenesis was induced by treating 4‐week‐old male Sprague‐Dawley rats with a single, necrogenic, intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of 200 mg/kg body weight diethylnitrosamine (DEN). Compared to the carcinogen control, vanadium administration over the 32 weeks of the experiment reduced the relative liver weight by 30%, the incidence of nodules by 69.34%, the total number and multiplicity of nodules by 80.77%, and remodeled the hepatocellular premalignant architecture towards a normal phenotype. Moreover, long‐term vanadium treatment reduced the development of GGT foci by 76.2% (P < 0.001), decreased periodic acid‐Schiff's reactivity by 59.49% (P < 0.01), and decreased PCNA expression, with the concomitant reduction in PCNA immunolabeling index by 93.36% (P < 0.001). Finally, vanadium inhibited early DNA damage (DNA strand‐breaks) in DEN‐treated rat hepatocytes as expressed in the Comet assay by a 60.04% reduction in the length:width value of DNA mass (P < 0.01) and a 51.54% reduction in the tail length of the DNA comets (P < 0.001). Our results indicate that continuous supplementation with 0.5 ppm vanadium suppresses hepatocellular neoplastic transformation in rats. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Online measurement of oxygen consumption by goat bone marrow stromal cells in a combined cell‐seeding and proliferation perfusion bioreactor
Authors: Janssen F.W. , Hofland I. , van Oorschot A. , Oostra J. , Peters H. , van Blitterswijk C.A. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractIn an effort to produce clinically useful volumes of tissue engineered bone products, a direct perfusion bioreactor system was developed. Perfusion flow rate, flow direction, and the position of the bioreactor are factors that influenced the amounts and homogeneity of the cells seeded on the scaffold surface. Goat bone marrow stromal cells (GBMSCs) were dynamically seeded and proliferated in this system in relevant volumes (10 cm3) of small‐sized macroporous biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) scaffolds (2–6 mm). Cell load and cell distribution were shown using Methylene Blue block staining, and 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) staining was used to demonstrate the viability of the cells. Although cells were not distributed homogenously after cell seeding, the scaffolds were covered with a viable, homogeneous cell layer after 25 days of cultivation. The hybrid structures became interconnected, and a dense layer of extracellular matrix formed on and in the scaffolds. Online oxygen measurements during cultivation were correlated with proliferating GBMSCs. It was shown that the oxygen consumption could possibly be used to estimate GBMSC population doubling times during growth in this bioreactor system. On the basis of our results, we conclude that a direct perfusion bioreactor system is capable of seeding and proliferating GBMSCs on BCP ceramic scaffolds that can be monitored online during cultivation. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2006
A family of balanced incomplete‐block designs with repeated blocks on which general linear groups act
Authors: Bailey R. A. , Cameron Peter J. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractWe give two constructions of a balanced incomplete‐block design discovered by van Lint: the design has parameters (13,39,15,5,5), and has repeated blocks and an automorphism group of order 240. One of these methods can be generalized to produce a large class of designs with the properties of the title. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Combin Designs
A new upper bound on the cyclic chromatic number
Authors: Borodin O. V. , Broersma H. J. , Glebov A. , van den Heuvel J. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractA cyclic coloring of a plane graph is a vertex coloring such that vertices incident with the same face have distinct colors. The minimum number of colors in a cyclic coloring of a graph is its cyclic chromatic number χc. Let Δ* be the maximum face degree of a graph. There exist plane graphs with χc = ⌊3/2 Δ*⌋. Ore and Plummer [5] proved that χc ≤ 2, Δ*, which bound was improved to ⌊9/5, Δ*⌋ by Borodin, Sanders, and Zhao [1], and to ⌈5/3,Δ*⌉ by Sanders and Zhao [7]. We introduce a new parameter k*, which is the maximum number of vertices that two faces of a graph can have in common, and prove that χc ≤ max {Δ* + 3,k* + 2, Δ* + 14, 3, k* + 6, 18}, and if Δ* ≥ 4 and k* ≥ 4, then χc ≤ Δ* + 3,k* + 2. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory
Comparing MR image intensity standardization against tissue characterizability of magnetization transfer ratio imaging
Authors: Madabhushi Anant , Udupa Jayaram K. , Moonis Gul 
Published: July 2006

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate existing methods of standardization by exploiting the well‐known tissue characterizing property of magnetization transfer ratio (MTR) values obtained from MT imaging, and compare the tissue characterizability of standardized T2, proton density (PD), and T1 images against the MTR images.Materials and MethodsImage intensity standardization is a postprocessing method that was designed to correct for acquisition‐to‐acquisition signal intensity variations (nonstandardness) inherent in magnetic resonance (MR) images. The main idea of this technique is to deform the volume image histogram of each study to match a standard histogram, and to utilize the resulting transformations to map the image intensities into a standard scale. The method has been shown to produce a significant gain in similarity of resulting images and to achieve numeric tissue characterization. In this work we compared PD‐, T2‐, and T1‐weighted images before and after standardization with the corresponding MT images for 10 patient MRI studies of the brain, in terms of the normalized median values on the corresponding image histograms.ResultsNo statistically significant difference was observed between the standardized PD‐, T2‐, and T1‐weighted images and the corresponding MTR images. However, a statistically significant difference was found between the pre‐ and poststandardized PD‐, T2‐, and T1‐weighted images, and between the prestandardized PD‐, T2‐, and T1‐weighted images and the corresponding MTR images.ConclusionThese results suggest that standardized T2, PD, and T1 images and their tissue‐specific intensity signatures may be useful for characterizing disease. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Vascular volume and blood‐brain barrier permeability measured by dynamic contrast enhanced MRI in hippocampus and cerebellum of patients with MCI and normal controls
Authors: Wang Huali , Golob Edward J. , Su Min‐Ying 
Published: July 2006

AbstractPurposeTo measure the cerebrovascular volume and blood‐brain barrier (BBB) permeability indices in hippocampus and cerebellum of patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) using dynamic contrast‐enhanced MRI (DCE‐MRI), and compare to that of normal controls.Materials and MethodsA total of 11 MCI subjects and 11 healthy elderly controls participated in this prospective study. DCE‐MRI was performed to measure the contrast enhancement kinetics. The early enhancement percentage (at 50 seconds after injection) was defined as the vascular volume index, and the ratio between the four to five–minute enhancement relative to the 50‐second enhancement was defined as the BBB permeability index.ResultsThe enhancement kinetics measured from hippocampus of MCI individuals demonstrated a lower magnitude and slower decay than healthy controls, suggesting that they had a smaller vascular volume (significant in the right side; P <0.001) and a higher BBB permeability (not reaching significance level). The vascular volume index was significantly correlated with naming ability (P 0.05).ConclusionThese results suggest that changes in cerebrovasculature may occur in hippocampus of MCI. DCE‐MRI may provide a noninvasive means to measure the subtle BBB leakage associated with the cerebrovascular pathology commonly found in Alzheimer's disease. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Surface roughness effects on curved pivoted slider bearings with couple stress fluid
Authors: Naduvinamani N. B. , Kashinath Biradar 
Published: August 2006

AbstractIn this paper the effect of surface roughness on the performance of curved pivoted slider bearings is studied. A more general type of surface roughness is mathematically modelled by a stochastic random variable with nonzero mean, variance and skewness. The averaged modified Reynolds type equation is derived on the basis of Stokes microcontinuum theory for couple stress fluids. The closed‐form expressions for the mean pressure, load‐carrying capacity, frictional force and the centre of pressure are obtained. Numerical computations show that the performance of the slider bearing is improved by the use of lubricants with additives (couple stress fluid) as compared to Newtonian lubricants. Further, it is observed that the negatively skewed surface roughness increases the load‐carrying capacity and frictional force and reduces the coefficient of friction, whereas the positively skewed surface roughness on the bearing surface adversely affects the performance of the pivoted slider bearings. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.