bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychosynthesis: An Integrated Theoretical Base for Holistic Healing Practice
Authors: Freeman Karen Catterton 
Published: June 2007

Two different orientations exist in life: the personal, or practical, and the transpersonal, or spiritual. The personal experience emphasizes an outward orientation to the mastery of the self through the mastery of some part of the world. The transpersonal experience emphasizes an inward orientation to the mastery of self through the mastery of one's inner world. Traditionally, world cultures have favored one orientation over the other as though they were antithetical approaches to living. Actually, these two dimensions are complimentary perspectives which can be brought together in a healing synthesis. A world trend is developing in our time toward the synthesis of the practical and the spiritual as demonstrated by the development of the f ield of holistic nursing and in the emergence of the human potential movement. Two versions of synthesis exist, the Eastern and the Western, each with its own cultural emphasis. These two systems are merged in a multidimensional process called Psychosynthesis which supports the potential development of the individual from the level of the personal to that of the global. As such, this holistic system of human development may offer the nurse an integrated, theoretical framework from which to practice the art of holistic healing.
Tarrying on the Lord: Affections, Virtues and Theological Ethics in Pentecostal Perspective
Authors: Castelo Daniel 
Published: June 2007

AbstractAs Pentecostals begin to inquire what might constitute Pentecostal theology, the matter must also arise as to what constitutes Pentecostal ethics, both as a matter of logical sequence and as a necessity given the historical and theological links the Pentecostal movement has with the Holiness movement of the nineteenth century. Both areas must be localized in the context of Pentecostal worship, and essential to the field of ethics are the affections and virtues, two moral frameworks that have proven useful for Christian moral reflection. Rather than choosing one or the other, Pentecostals can employ these frameworks in a complementary manner, for each framework has particular accents that are crucial for describing how the moral life takes shape and is sustained. The author employs the activity of ‘tarrying’ from Pentecostal worship as a metaphor for the Pentecostal vision of the moral life in order to show how Pentecostals may continue to embody distinctively their eschatological vision of God at a time when they are negotiating competing allegiances as they emerge as a sub-tradition within Christianity.
The Ideology of Power in Early American Pentecostalism
Authors: Althouse Peter 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThis essay contends that early American Pentecostalism has been shaped and defined by an underlying ideology of power, moulding its charismatic experiences and theological declarations. To demonstrate this, section one will describe how the ideology of power nourished early Pentecostal theology. Section two will offer an interpretive analysis of the social implications of power using the sociological theories of Max Weber and Emile Durkheim. By way of conclusion I suggest that the ideology of power in early Pentecostalism functions as a hermeneutical key.
Complement activation by Proteus mirabilis negatively charged lipopolysaccharides
Authors: Kaca Wieslaw , Literacka Elzbieta , Sjóholm Anders G. , Weintraub Andrej 
Published: June 2007

Proteus mirabilis strains are human pathogens responsible for urinary tract infections and bacteremias and may be involved in rheumatoid arthritis. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS, bacterial endotoxin), the major component of the cell wall, is one of the virulence factors of Proteus. In the presented studies, we have investigated complement activation by LPSs isolated from P. mirabilis O10, O23, O30, and O43 strains, which differ in the number of negative COO— groups on their polysaccharide components. Four P. mirabilis strains studied were sensitive to complement-mediated killing, despite complement binding by their LPSs. The optimal complement binding by LPSs was detected in serum with functional assays for both the classical and alternative pathways. Complement activation in 80% serum by the smooth, uronic acid, and hexosamine containing P. mirabilis LPSs was not critically determined by the structure of their O-chain polysaccharides. One of four LPSs used as a model, P. mirabilis O10 LPS, fragmented C3 in an LPS dose- and time-dependent manner. It was detected by crossed-immunoelectrophoresis and capture ELISA with anti-C3c antibodies. The lower complement activation by O23 LPS correlates with its reduced C3 fragmentation, compared with three other Proteus LPSs studied. Rabbit anti-O antibodies enhanced the complement binding and factor C3 fragmentation by O10, O23, O30, and O43 P. mirabilis LPSs.
An educational model for explaining hospice services
Authors: Welk Thomas A. 
Published: June 2007

Explaining the concept and philosophy of hospice can be difficult. There is a reluctance in our society to openly address dyingldeath issues; there is a reluctance on the part of many healthcare professionals to look beyond physical issues. The following model has been used successfully to explain hospice to both the generalpublic and health care professionals. It is not intended to introduce hospice to a patientlfamily during the initial referrallassessment visit.
Exercise Tolerance and Quality of Life in Elderly Patients with Chronic Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Howes Christopher J. , Reid M. Carrington , Brandt Cynthia , Ruo Bernice , Yerkey Michael W. , Prasad Bhargavi , Lin Carol , Peduzzi Peter , Ezekowitz Michael D. 
Published: June 2007

Background: Atrial fibrillation is the most common arrhythmia affecting the elderly. Although the risk of cardioembolic stroke is well defined, the effects of chronic atrial fibrillation on exercise tolerance and quality of life have been less well quantified. Methods: We compared a group of 52 elderly patients with chronic atrial fibrillation to a group of 48 control patients in sinus rhythm. Each patient underwent an interview that incorporated the Short Form-36 Health Survey (SF-36) to quantify individual perceptions on quality of life. In addition each person underwent physiologic testing that included a Modified Bruce Protocol exercise tolerance test, 24-hour ambulatory monitor test, and an echocardiogram. Results: Both groups were elderly, 77 vs 76 years of age (P=0.35).The two groups had similar ejection fractions, 55.4% vs 58.4% (P=0.10). The atrial fibrillation patients demonstrated a higher level of comorbidity based on the Charlson Comorbidity Index, 2.46 vs 1.57 (P=0.03). On formal exercise testing there was no statistical difference in exercise duration between the two groups 9.0 vs 10.1 minutes (P=0.24). Similarly the Physical Summary Score (PCS) and the Mental Summary Score (MCS) of the SF-36 quality of life survey did not demonstrate a statistical difference between the two groups. PCS: 43.0 vs 45.9 (P=0.24); MCS: 52.5 vs 55.7 (P=0.07). Conclusions: Despite a higher level of comorbidity, elderly, ambulatory patients with chronic atrial fibrillation demonstrate similar exercise tolerance and report similar quality of life to a group of age-matched control patients in sinus rhythm. There is a cohort of patients in chronic atrial fibrillation in whom a strategy of rate control and anticoagulation may be appropriate.
Vasodilator Responses to ATP and UTP are cAMP Dependent in the Mesenteric Vascular Bed of the Cat
Authors: Shah Mrugeshkumar K. , Bivalacqua Trinity J. , Champion Hunter C. , Kadowitz Philip J. 
Published: June 2007

Background: This study was designed to examine the responses to and the mechanism by which purinergic agonists decrease vascular resistance in the mesenteric vascular bed of the cat.Methods and Results: Injections of ATP, UTP, and 2-MethylThioATP (2-MetSATP) into the mesenteric perfusion circuit elicited dose-dependent decreases in perfusion pressure while injections of P,y-MethylATP (f3,y-MetATP) produced a biphasic response with an initial vasopressor response followed by a vasodilator response. The order of potency of the vasodilator response was 2-MetSATP > ATP > UTP > P,y-MetATP. The vasodilator responses to ATP, UTP, 2-MetSATP, and P,y-MetATP were increased in duration by the cAMP phosphodiesterase inhibitor, rolipram. However, vasodilator responses were not altered by the adminstration of a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, a cGMP phosphodiesterase inhibitor, or a cyclooxygenase inhibitor. Treatment with PPADS, a P2X,, P2Y, and P2Y4receptor antagonist, did not alter vasodilator responses to the purinergic agonists; however, the vasopressor component of the response to P,y-MetATP was decreased.Conclusions: These data suggest that ATP, UTP, 2-MetSATP, and P,Y-MetATP dilate the mesentary vascular bed in the cat by a cAMP dependent mechanism, and that nitric oxide or prostaglandin release, cGMP accumulation, or activation of P2X,, P2Y, or P2Y4receptors play little or no role in mediating vasodilator responses to the purinergic agonists in this regional vascular bed. In addition, these results suggest that the pressor component of the response to P,y-MetATP is mediated by the activation of P2X, receptors.
Role of Desethylamiodarone in the Anticoagulant Effect of Concurrent Amiodarone and Warfarin Therapy
Authors: Naganuma Miyoko , Shiga Tsuyoshi , Nishikata Kaori , Tsuchiya Takanori , Kasanuki Hiroshi , Fujii Emiko 
Published: June 2007

Background: The concurrent use of amiodarone and warfarin inhibits metabolism of S-war-farin by cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C9, thereby increasing the anticoagulant effect of war-farin. Amiodarone primarily inhibits CYP1A2 and CYP3A4, and desethylamiodarone primarily inhibits CYP2C9. We investigate whether a relationship exists between the plasma concentration of desethylamiodarone and anticoagulation when amiodarone is administered to patients receiving warfarin therapy. Methods and Results: The correlation between the plasma concentration of either amiodarone or desethylamiodarone, and prolongation of prothrombin time-international normalized ratio/dose of warfarin (A INR/Dose) on day 7 of amiodarone administration was studied in 25 patients (22-74 years old) with structural heart disease and refractory arrhythmias receiving stable warfarin therapy. Results: No correlation was found between the plasma concentration of amiodarone and A INR/Dose, but a correlation was found between the plasma concentration of desethylamiodarone and A INRIDose. Conclusions: It was suggested that inhibition of CYP2C9 by desethylamiodarone, the active metabolite of amiodarone, plays an important role in the interaction of warfarin and amiodarone.
Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor LOX-1 and Apoptosis in Human Atherosclerotic Lesions
Authors: Li D. Y. , Chen H. J. , Staples E. D. , Ozaki K. , Annex B. , Singh B. K. , Vermani R. , Mehtat J. L. 
Published: June 2007

Background: Lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor-I (LOX-1), a novel receptor for oxidized low-density lipoprotein, mediates oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced apoptosis of endothelial cells, monocyte adhesion to endothelium, and phagocytosis of aged cells. The present study examined the role of LOX-1 and apoptosis in human atherosclerotic lesions. Methods and Results: Grafted vein (n = 8), human carotid artery endarterectomy (n = 11), and normal human internal mammary artery (n = 8) specimens were used to study the expression of LOX-1 and apoptosis. LOX-1 expression was determined by reverse transcriptasepolymerase chain reaction, Western analysis, and immunostaining. Presence of apoptosis was determined by fluorescent in situ nick end-labeling staining and by the presence of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase protein (an apoptotic marker). Expression of LOX-1 was significantly increased in atherosclerotic grafted vein and carotid artery specimens compared with that in normal arteries. LOX-1 was expressed in endothelial cells, macrophages, and smooth muscle cells. LOX-I was extensively expressed in the new blood vessels in the core of advanced atherosclerotic lesions. Double immunostaining showed LOX-1 expression to be colocalized with apoptotic cells. Fluorescent in situ nick end-labeling staining showed that the apoptotic cells were present mostly in the rupture-prone regions of the atherosclerotic plaque. Conclusion: These observations indicate that LOX-I is extensively expressed in the proliferated intima of grafted veins and in advanced atherosclerotic carotid arteries. Further, LOX-1 is colocalized with apoptotic cells. These observations may relate to the phenomenon of plaque rupture, and provide targets for developing new therapies.
Arterial Injury in Mice with Severe Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1) Deficiency
Authors: Li Hongyan , Dimayuga Paul , Yamashita Makoto , Yano Juliana , Fournier Mario , Lewis Michael , Cercek Bojan 
Published: June 2007

Background: Insulin-like growth factor-1 plays a significant role in wound healing. Injury to the arterial wall is followed by a marked increase in insulin-like growth factor-1 expression and inhibition of insulin-like growth factor-1 action is associated with diminished intimal thickening after injury. Methods and Results: The role of insulin-like growth factor-1 in arterial response to cuffinjury was investigated in genetically modified mice with severe insulin-like growth factor-1 deficiency (m/m mice). Tissue and serum insulin-like growth factor-1 was severely decreased, by 40% to 60% before the injury and by 50% to 60% following the arterial injury in insulin-like growth factor-1 m/m mice compared to control mice. Nevertheless, following the cuff induced injury to the carotid arteries, insulin-like growth factor-1m/m mice had a similar number of proliferating medial cells 3 days after injury and similar neointimal thickening (0.019 ± 0.015 C57BL/6J vs. 0.016 ± 0.014 mm2, P = 0.26) 21 days after injury compared to wild type C57BL/6J mice. The phases of the response to injury that are mediated by insulin-like growth factor-1 were studied with recombinant human insulin-like growth factor-1 in rats with balloon-injured femoral arteries. Treatment of rats with recombinant human insulin-like growth factor-1 increased neointimal thickening (0.0265 ± 0.0099 vs 0.0156 ± 0.0049 mm2, P = 0.03), intimal smooth muscle cell numbers (195.6 ± 40.2 vs 145.3±27.3; P = 0.03), and the ratio of proliferating intimal to medial smooth muscle cells (10.7 ± 6.9 vs 3.0 ± 2.1; P = 0.03) 7 days after injury compared to untreated rats. At 14 days neointimal area was similar in the 2 groups of rats. Conclusions: The data in insulin-like growth factor-1 deficient mice suggest a relatively low threshold tissue concentration for insulin-like growth factor-1 to exhibit its role in vascular response to injury. The findings in rats treated with recombinant human insulin-like growth factor-1 suggest that insulin-like growth factor-1 is primarily involved in the early phases of neointimal formation.
Blockade of 5-HT2A Receptors by Sarpogrelate Protects the Heart Against Myocardial Infarction in Rats
Authors: Brasil David , Temsah Rana M. , Kumar Kanwal , Kumamoto Hideo , Takeda Nobuakira , Dhalla Naranjan S. 
Published: June 2007

Background: It has been shown that serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) is involved in exacerbating vascular abnormalities; however, its role in mediating changes in cardiac function due to myocardial injury has yet to be established. This study examined the effect of sarpogrelate, a 5-HT2Areceptor blocker, in preventing cardiac dysfunction due to myocardial infarction (MI).Methods and Results: Rats were treated 3 days before surgery with or without 5 mg.kg-1.day-1sarpogrelate, and the left coronary artery was ligated for 3 weeks to induce MI. Sarpogrelate reduced the mortality from 40% to 30%, infarct size from 35% to 25%, and left ventricular end diastolic pressure from 15 mm Hg to 10 mm Hg in MI rats. Electrocardiographic (ECG) tracings showed a marked deviation in the ST-segment and prolongation of the QTc interval in MI rats during the 3 weeks; these changes were attenuated by sarpogrelate pretreatment. In another set of experiments, MI rats were treated with 5 mg.kg-1.day-1sarpogrelate 1 hour after the surgery, and the hemodynamic and electrocardiograph changes were assessed at 3 weeks. This posttreatment was also found to reduce infarct size, improve cardiac function, and attenuate ECG changes.Conclusions: Sarpogrelate attenuates cardiac dysfunction, infarct size, and changes in the ECG due to MI. These results also support the view that serotonin and 5-HT2Amay contribute to the deleterious effects of ischemic injury in the heart.
A Prospective, Nonrandomized, Open-Labeled Pilot Study Investigating the Use of Magnesium in Patients Undergoing Nonacute Percutaneous Coronary Intervention with Stent Implantation
Authors: Rukshin Vladimir , Santos Raul , Gheorghiu Mitch , Shah Prediman K. , Kar Saibal , Padmanabhan Sriram , Azarbal Babak , Tsang Vivian T. , Makkar Raj , Samuels Bruce , Lepor Norman , Geft Ivor , Tabak Steve , Khorsandhi Mehran , Buchbinder Neil , Eigler Neil , Cercek Bojan , Hodgson Keta , Kaul Sanjay 
Published: June 2007

Background: Magnesium has recently been shown to inhibit acute stent thrombosis in animal models. This study tested the feasibility of magnesium administration in patients undergoing nonacute percutaneous coronary intervention with stent implantation. Methods: Twenty-one patients undergoing nonemergent percutaneous coronary intervention were enrolled and received intravenous magnesium sulfate (2-g bolus over 20 minutes prepercutaneous coronary intervention, followed by 14 g over 12 hours infusion). Endpoints: safety outcomes-hypotension, bradycardia, bleeding complications and heart block within first 24 hours; angiographic outcomes-acute thrombotic occlusion and need for platelet glycoprotein Ilb/Illa inhibitor bailout; and clinical outcomes-death, myocardial infarction, recurrent ischemia, and need for urgent revascularization at 48 hours and 30 days. Results: No significant effects on heart rate or blood pressure, major bleeding complication, or new electrocardiographic changes were observed. Angiographic thrombus was visualized in two cases, and coronary artery dissection in one case poststent deployment. None of these cases required the use of glycoprotein inhibitors for bailout. Death, myocardial infarction, recurrent ischemia, and need for urgent revascularization were not observed. The serum magnesium level increased from 2.1 ± 0.3 mg/dL at baseline to 3.5 ± 0.8 mg/dL at the end of the infusion (P < .0001). Platelet activation was significantly inhibited at the end of the magnesium sulfate infusion. Conclusion: Intravenous magnesium sulfate has been demonstrated as a feasible and safe agent in patients undergoing nonacute percutaneous coronary intervention with stent implantation. A randomized clinical trial comparing magnesium with glycoprotein inhibitors during percutaneous coronary intervention is warranted.
Elevated Levels of Plasma Homocysteine in Hypertensive Patients with Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Qureshi Mabood , Khsandwala Hasnain , Ul Haq Inam , Prasad Kailash 
Published: June 2007

Background: Homocysteine generates oxygen radicals (superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide) that are known to produce vasoconstriction. Hypertension is a common problem in individuals with diabetes mellitus. It is possible that hypertension in diabetic patients may be due to increased levels of plasma homocysteine. We investigated the plasma levels of homocysteine, factors involved in homocysteine metabolism (serum folic acid and vitamin B12) and lipid peroxidation product in the serum of diabetic patients with hypertension. Methods and Results: The studies were conducted in three groups: 1) healthy controls, and diabetic patients who were 2) normotensive and 3) hypertensive. Plasma homocysteine, serum malondialdehyde (a lipid peroxidation product), vitamin B12, and folic acid were measured in these patients. Plasma homocysteine and serum malondialdehyde levels were elevated in diabetic patients compared to the control group. Plasma levels of homocysteine and serum levels of malondialdehyde were higher in the hypertensive diabetic patients than in those who were normotensive. Levels of serum folate were lower in hypertensive diabetic patients compared to the normotensive group. Levels of serum vitamin B12 were similar in both the normotensive and hypertensive diabetic patients. Conclusions: Levels of plasma homocysteine and serum malondialdehyde are elevated in hypertensive diabetic patients. Hyperhomocysteinemia may be involved in the induction and sustaining of hypertension in diabetic patients.
Comparison of the Effect of Class IA Antiarrhythmic Drugs on Transmembrane Potassium Currents in Rabbit Ventricular Myocytes
Authors: lost Norbert , Virág László , Varró András , Papp Julius Gy. 
Published: June 2007

Background: The blockade of cardiac transmembrane potassium channels, which is commonly seen with vanous antiarrhythmic drugs, plays an important role in their mechanism of action. We studied and compared the less-explored effects of three Class IA antiarrhythmics on the transient outward current (It.) and on the inward rectifier (Ikl), ATP sensitive (I), and delayed rectifier (IK) potassium currents in rabbit ventricular myocytes.Methods and Results: Transmembrane currents were measured by applying the whole-cell configuration of the patch-clamp technique at 37°C in myocytes enzymatically isolated from rabbit ventricular preparations. Quinidine (10,uM), disopyramide (10 itM), and procainamide (50,uM) were studied at concentrations close to or exceeding the therapeutic plasma level. All studied drugs significantly decreased the amplitude of I”, (activated by 50,uM pinacidil) and IK currents. None of them influenced significantly Lk. The amplitude of I, was decreased by quinidine and disopyramide but was not considerably altered by procainamide. The fast inactivation of I,o was not changed by procainamide and was significantly accelerated by quinidine and disopyramide.Conclusion: Although quinidine, disopyramide, and procainamide are all classified as Class IA antiarrhythmics, these drugs had different effects on various potassium currents, which may partially explain their distinct effect on repolarization in various cardiac tissues and on cardiac arrhythmias in clinical settings.
The attributions of children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder for their problem behaviors
Authors: Kaidar I. , Wiener J. , Tannock R. 
Published: June 2007

This study investigated the attributions children with ADHD make about their most problematic symptoms. Children were interviewed to determine the degree to which they felt their behavior was controllable, stable, global, and stigmatizing; and about the locus of the cause of their behavior. Participants were 16 children with ADHD (10 boyd, 6 girls), and 16 children without ADHD (9 boyd, 7 girls), ages 7 to 13. The present study demonstrated that children with ADHD viewed their most problematic behaviors as less within their control and more global across situations than children without ADHD. Children with ADHD were more likely than children without ADHD to view their most problematic behavior as always having been present, but were no more likely to view their most problematic behavior as persisting into the future. No significant group differences emerged on the locus of causality dimension. With regards to stigmatization, girls without ADHD reported that their behaviors can bother their teachers, parents, and peers, whereas girls and boys with ADHD did not perceive their behavior as bothersome.