bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A nonreplicating adenoviral vector that contains the wild‐type p53 transgene combined with chemotherapy for primary breast cancer
Authors: Cristofanilli Massimo , Krishnamurthy Savitri , Guerra Laura , Broglio Kristine , Arun Banu , Booser Daniel J. , Menander Kerstin , Van Wart Hood Jill , Valero Vicente , Hortobagyi Gabriel N. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractBACKGROUND.Primary systemic therapy (PST) is the standard approach to the management of patients with locally advanced breast cancer (LABC). The authors hypothesized that the intratumoral administration of a nonreplicating adenoviral vector (Ad5) that contains the human wild‐type p53, AdCMV‐p53, combined with chemotherapy, could increase the efficacy of PST as measured by pathologic complete response.METHODS.In a prospective, open‐label, Phase II trial, 13 patients with LABC were treated with 6 3‐week cycles of PST, which consisted of intratumoral injections of Ad5CMV‐p53 for 2 consecutive days plus docetaxel and doxorubicin followed by surgery. p53 status was determined at baseline and was assessed immediately after the first injection (up to 48 hours). Clinical response was assessed by clinical and radiologic methods.RESULTS.The trial was terminated early, because none of the patients achieved a pathologic complete response. The median age was 56 years (range, 39–71 years), and the median tumor size was 8 cm (range, 5–11 cm). Eight patients (73%) had a p53 mutation. Serial biopsies showed an increase in p53 messenger RNA (mRNA) and p21WAF1/Cip1 mRNA. All 12 evaluable patients achieved an objective clinical response. The surgical specimens revealed scattered tumor cells with extensive tumor‐infiltrate leukocytes (predominantly T‐lymphocytes). At a median follow‐up of 37 months (range, 30–41 months), 4 patients (30%) developed systemic recurrence, and 2 patients died. The estimate breast cancer‐specific survival rate at 3 years was 84% (95% confidence interval, 65.7–100%). There was no increase in systemic toxicity.CONCLUSIONS.Ad5CMV‐p53 combined with PST is safe, active, and associated with local immunomodulatory effects. The promising clinical activity of this combination deserves further investigation in randomized studies. Cancer 2006. © 2006 American Cancer Society.
Multicenter evaluation of the breast lesion excision system, a percutaneous, vacuum‐assisted, intact‐specimen breast biopsy device
Authors: Sie Angela , Bryan David C. , Gaines Victor , Killebrew Larry K. , Kim Christine H. , Morrison Carrie C. , Poller William R. , Romilly Ada P. , Schilling Kathy , Sung Janet H. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractBACKGROUND.Percutaneous, vacuum‐assisted, large‐gauge core needle biopsy (VACNB) provides an alternative to open surgical biopsy as an initial diagnostic tool for breast lesions, yet rates of underestimating malignant diagnoses remain sufficiently high to warrant surgical biopsy in some cases. The current study was performed to determine if the Breast Lesion Excision System (BLES) provides a feasible alternative to VACNB.METHODS.A retrospective review was conducted of 742 consecutive mammographic lesions with microcalcifications classified as Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BIRADS) IV or V that had stereotactic percutaneous biopsy using BLES. Initial diagnoses obtained from the histopathologic examination of tissues retrieved at biopsy were compared with the histopathologic examination of tissues received from surgical excision or lumpectomy. Underestimation rates for atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) and ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) were recorded if open surgical biopsy revealed DCIS or invasive cancer, and invasive cancer, respectively.RESULTS.Of the 742 breast lesions, 34 displayed ADH upon biopsy with the BLES device. Two patients did not receive open surgical biopsy. Of the 32 patients who had open surgical excision, 3 (9.4%) had DCIS or invasive cancer. There were 119 diagnoses of DCIS upon biopsy with the BLES device. Four patients did not receive open surgical biopsy. Of the 115 patients who had open surgical excision, 6 (5.2%) had invasive cancer.CONCLUSIONS.Breast biopsy can be performed accurately using the BLES device. Compared with VACNB, it does not alter the need for surgical excision in women diagnosed with ADH or DCIS at core biopsy. Cancer 2006. © 2006 American Cancer Society.
Deficiencies in myeloid antigen‐presenting cells in women with cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions
Authors: Lee Bang‐Ning , Follen Michele , Rodriquez Graciela , Shen De‐Yu , Malpica Anais , Shearer William T. , Reuben James M. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractBACKGROUND.There is little information on the function of dendritic cells in women with human papillomavirus (HPV)‐related cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions (SILs). In the current study the functions of dendritic cells in the development of T‐cell immunity in women with cervical SILs were assessed.METHODS.The percentage of myeloid dendritic cells (MDCs) and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (PDCs) in peripheral blood were enumerated of 44 patients with SIL (low‐grade, 19; high‐grade, 25), 19 patients with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS), and 18 controls. The expression of costimulatory receptors was assessed and the ability of monocyte‐derived dendritic cells (MDDC) to present HPV16‐E6 and HPV16‐E7 antigens to autologous T cells.RESULTS.Patients with either low (L)‐grade or high (H)‐grade SIL had significantly lower median plasma levels of interferon‐γ than did the controls (P = .038 and .031, respectively). Compared with the controls, patients with ASCUS or LSILs had significantly lower median percentages of MDCs (P = .002 and P < .001, respectively), and significantly lower median percentages of MDDCs that expressed CD86 (P < .001 and P = .003, respectively) and major histocompatability complex class‐II antigen human leukocyte antigen DR (HLA‐DR) (P = .012 and P < .001, respectively). T cells of patients with ASCUS or LSILs proliferated less than those of the controls in response to HPV16‐E7 (P = .002 and .046, respectively).CONCLUSIONS.Low levels of peripheral blood MDCs and of MDDCs expressing CD86 and HLA‐DR suggest that deficiencies in the ability of MDDC to present antigen to autologous T cells may lead to persistent infection with HPV and the development of cervical SILs in HPV‐infected women. Cancer 2006. © 2006 American Cancer Society.
Formation of the avian nucleus magnocellularis from the auditory anlage
Authors: Hendricks Susan J. , Rubel Edwin W. , Nishi Rae 
Published: July 2006

AbstractIn the avian auditory system, the neural network for computing the localization of sound in space begins with bilateral innervation of nucleus laminaris (NL) by nucleus magnocellularis (NM) neurons. We used antibodies against the neural specific markers Hu C/D, neurofilament, and SV2 together with retrograde fluorescent dextran labeling from the contralateral hindbrain to identify NM neurons within the anlage and follow their development. NM neurons could be identified by retrograde labeling as early as embryonic day (E) 6. While the auditory anlage organized itself into NM and NL in a rostral‐to‐caudal fashion between E6 and E8, labeled NM neurons were visible throughout the extent of the anlage at E6. By observing the pattern of neuronal rearrangements together with the pattern of contralaterally projecting NM fibers, we could identify NL in the ventral anlage. Ipsilateral NM fibers contacted the developing NL at E8, well after NM collaterals had projected contralaterally. Furthermore, the formation of ipsilateral connections between NM and NL neurons appeared to coincide with the arrival of VIIIth nerve fibers in NM. By E10, immunoreactivity for SV2 was heavily concentrated in the dorsal and ventral neuropils of NL. Thus, extensive pathfinding and morphological rearrangement of central auditory nuclei occurs well before the arrival of cochlear afferents. Our results suggest that NM neurons may play a central role in formation of tonotopic connections in the auditory system. J. Comp. Neurol. 498:433–442, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Medullary dorsal horn neurons providing axons to both the parabrachial nucleus and thalamus
Authors: Li Jinlian , Xiong Kanghui , Pang Youwang , Dong Yulin , Kaneko Takeshi , Mizuno Noboru 
Published: July 2006

AbstractIt has often been suggested that the trigemino‐ and spino‐thalamic pathways are highly implicated in sensory‐discriminative aspects of pain, whereas the trigemino‐ and spino‐parabrachial pathways are strongly implicated in affective/emotional aspects of pain. On the other hand, the superficial laminae of the spinal dorsal horn, where many nociceptive neurons are distributed, have been reported to contain projection neurons innervating both the parabrachial nucleus (PBN) and thalamus by way of axon collaterals (Hylden et al., 1989). For the medullary dorsal horn (caudal subnucleus of spinal trigeminal nucleus: Vc), however, the existence of such neurons has not been reported. Thus, in the present study, we examined whether the Vc might contain projection neurons sending their axons to both the thalamus and PBN. Dual retrograde labeling with fluorescence dyes was attempted. In each rat, tetramethylrhodamine‐dextran amine and Fluoro‐gold were stereotaxically injected into the PBN and thalamic regions, respectively. The proportion of the dually labeled Vc cells in the total population of all labeled Vc cells was about 20%. More than 90% of the dually labeled neurons were distributed in lamina I (marginal zone), less than 10% of them were located in lamina II (substantia gelatinosa), and only a few (about 1%) were found in lamina III (magnocellular zone). The results indicate that some Vc neurons in the superficial laminae mediate nociceptive information directly to the PBN and thalamus by way of axon collaterals and that the vast majority of them project to the ipsilateral PBN and contralateral thalamus.
J. Comp. Neurol. 498:539–551, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cuneate nucleus reorganization following cervical dorsal rhizotomy in the macaque monkey: Its role in the recovery of manual dexterity
Authors: Darian‐Smith Corinna , Ciferri Melanie 
Published: July 2006

AbstractImmediately following a dorsal rhizotomy that removes input from the thumb, index, and middle fingers, the macaque is unable to execute movements that require controlled apposition of these digits. We have previously shown that within the early weeks and months following one of these lesions, there is 1) a re‐emergence of part or all of the cortical hand map; 2) central axonal sprouting of spared primary afferents into the dorsal horn and cuneate nucleus; and 3) substantial although incomplete recovery of hand function (Darian‐Smith [204] J. Comp. Neurol. 470:134–150; Darian‐Smith and Ciferri [2005] J. Comp. Neurol. 491:27–45). In this study we asked: What neuronal reorganization occurs in the cuneate nucleus during this “recovery” period? And, does it contribute to the recovery of manual dexterity? To address these questions, the representation of the hand was electrophysiologically mapped (by unitary receptive field [RF] recordings) in the pars rotunda of the cuneate nucleus at either 1–2 weeks (short term) or 16–32 weeks (long term) post‐rhizotomy. In short‐term monkeys, the region deprived of input from the thumb, index, and middle finger was found to be unresponsive to cutaneous stimulation. However, at 16–32 weeks later, when dexterity had largely recovered, RFs of cuneate neurons could again be mapped within the cuneate nucleus, primarily in a region bordering the deprived zone. We conclude that the cuneate pre‐ and postsynaptic reorganization that occurs following dorsal rhizotomy plays a key role in the recovery of hand function. J. Comp. Neurol. 498:552–565, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effects of chronic hyperglycaemia on incident stroke in Hong Kong Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Yang Xilin , Kong Alice P. S. , So Wing Yee , Ma Ronald C. W. , Ho Chung Shun , Lam Christopher W. K. , Chow Chun Chung , Cockram Clive S. , Tong Peter C. Y. , Chan Juliana C. N. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractBackgroundIt remains unclear whether hyperglycaemia as measured by HbA1c is a significant risk factor for stroke in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).MethodsA case‐control study nested in a prospective cohort with 1 : 3 controls matched on age, gender, systolic blood pressure and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) was conducted. The case group included 105 patients who developed incident stroke during 2.88 years (SD: 1.59) of follow‐up of 4150 T2DM patients and 299 matched patients without incident stroke, used as the control group. Stratified Cox proportional hazard regression was used to obtain hazard ratio (HR).ResultsMedian age was 71 years (IQR: 9.0 for the case and 10.0 for the control). HbA1c was significantly higher in the cases than in the controls (median 8.0% [IQR: 2.0] versus 7.2% [2.1], p < 0.0001). After controlling for smoker status, haematocrit, drug treatments and other covariates, 1% increase in HbA1c was associated with 1.49 (95% CI: 1.18–1.88, p = 0.0008) folds risk of occurrence of incident stroke. Patients with a history of coronary heart disease (CHD) were also at increased risk of stroke (HR: 8.25, 95% CI: 2.22–30.73, p = 0.0016). Smoker status and haematocrit were marginally significant predictors of incident stroke. Every adjusted month using lipid‐lowering drugs was significantly associated with reduced risk of incident stroke (HR: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.90–0.99, p = 0.0199). Similar analysis using ACEI or ARB as a drug group was marginally significant (p = 0.0555).ConclusionChronic hyperglycaemia is a risk factor of stroke in Chinese patients with T2DM. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A pseudosymmetric cell adhesion regulatory domain in the β7 tail of the integrin α4β7 that interacts with focal adhesion kinase and src
Authors: Krissansen Geoffrey W. , Singh Jaison , Kanwar Rupinder K. , Chan Yih‐Chih , Leung Euphemia , Lehnert Klaus B. , Kanwar Jagat R. , Yang Yi 
Published: July 2006

AbstractThe β7 integrins α4β7 and αEβ7 play key roles in forming the gut‐associated lymphoid tissue, and contribute to chronic inflammation. The α4β7 integrin‐mediated adhesion of activated lymphocytes is largely due to a transient increase in avidity from ligand‐induced clustering of α4β7 at the cell‐surface. Here, we report that L and D enantiomers of a cell‐permeable peptide YDRREY encompassing residues 735–740 of the cytoplasmic tail of the β7 subunit inhibit the adhesion of T cells to β7 integrin ligands. The YDRREY peptide abrogated mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule‐1‐induced clustering of α4β7 on the surface of activated T cells. A mutated form of the YDRREY peptide carrying either single or double conservative mutations at Tyr735Phe and Tyr740Phe was unable to inhibit T cell adhesion, suggesting that both tandem tyrosines are critical for activity. The YDRREY peptide was bound and phosphorylated by focal adhesion kinase and src, which may serve to sequester cytoskeletal proteins to the cytoplasmic domain of α4β7. The quasi‐palindromic sequence YDRREY within the β7 cytoplasmic tail constitutes a cell adhesion regulatory domain that modulates the interaction of β7‐expressing leukocytes with their endothelial and epithelial ligands. Cell‐permeable peptidomimetics based on this motif have utility as anti‐inflammatory reagents for the treatment of chronic inflammatory disease.
Interallelic class switch recombination can reverse allelic exclusion and allow trans‐complementation of an IgH locus switching defect
Authors: Dougier Hei‐Lanne , Reynaud Stéphane , Pinaud Eric , Carrion Claire , Delpy Laurent , Cogné Michel 
Published: July 2006

AbstractThe predominant path of immunoglobulin class switch recombination follows the paradigm of intra‐chromosomal deletion enabling expression of another heavy chain instead of µ and δ. This was, however, challenged by observations of inter‐allelic class switch recombination in rabbit or mouse IgG3‐ or IgA‐producing B cells. Assuming that the conditions of inter‐chromosomal exchange are likely present at any target S regions in stimulated B cells, we explored trans‐association of VH and C genes in a model allowing all C genes to be checked simultaneously. Heterozygous mutant mice are thus studied, which carry one non‐functional IgH allele inactivated by a non‐translatable mutation of VDJ‐CH transcripts, while the functional allele is deficient for class switching due to a truncated 3′regulatory region. A fair level of switching to all Ig classes is restored in heterozygous mice despite the fact that cis‐recombination is either non productive on one allele or deficient on the other. Molecular evidence at the DNA level of trans‐CSR to IgG3 was demonstrated by cloning and sequencing Sµ‐Sγ3 hybrid junctions. These data demonstrate that inter‐allelic recombination may broadly rescue the production of various class‐switched isotypes and allow complementation between mutations located at both ends of the IgH constant gene cluster.
CArG box‐binding factor‐A interacts with multiple motifs in immunoglobulin promoters and has a regulated subcellular distribution
Authors: Aranburu Alaitz , Liberg David , Honoré Bent , Leanderson Tomas 
Published: July 2006

AbstractCArG box‐binding factor‐A (CBF‐A) is a protein involved in transcriptional control and interacts specifically with the penta‐decameric (pd) element in κ promoters. We show here that CBF‐A will also bind specifically to a second region in the κ promoter that overlaps with an early B cell factor binding site. Furthermore, the same region is present in multiple Ig promoters and we show that CBF‐A can bind to several of these. Mitogenic stimulation of untransformed B lymphocytes promoted nuclear localisation of CBF‐A. Using enhanced GFP (EGFP)‐tagged constructs and transfection into COS7 cells, a nuclear localisation signal was defined in the C terminus of CBF‐A. Deletion of only 13 amino acids from the C terminus of CBF‐A led to the accumulation of the protein in bright speckles at the nuclear/cytoplasmic border. We also identified the heterogeneous ribonucleoprotein H as a specific interaction partner of CBF‐A, but this interaction could be detected in the cytoplasm only. Thus, CBF‐A has the potential to regulate the expression of multiple Ig V genes and has a complex, mitogen‐responsive regulation of its intracellular localisation.
Crystal Structure and Properties of MgCo4Ge6
Authors: Gieck Christine , Schreyer Martin , Fässler Thomas F. , Raif Fabian , Claus Peter 
Published: July 2006

AbstractMgCo4Ge6 is a novel compound in the ternary system Mg‐Co‐Ge. Single crystals for a structure analysis were obtained from mixtures of the elements at high temperatures in sealed tantalum ampoules. The tetragonal structure [I$\bar {4}$2m; a = 6.1725(9) and c = 8.660(2) Å; YRu4Sn6 structure type] was determined by X‐ray single crystal analysis and refined to R1 = 0.027 for all data. The electronic structure is discussed by means of density of states and band‐structure analyses on the basis of density functional theory. Chemical bond analysis is performed using the electron localization function (ELF). The catalytic properties of the polar intermetallic alloy with respect to the selective hydrogenation of α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes are discussed and compared with those of the recently investigated MgCo6Ge6. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
A Ferromagnetically Coupled, Bent, Trinuclear Copper(II) Complex: Synthesis, Structure, Hydrogen‐Bonding Network, Magnetic Properties and DNA Interaction Study
Authors: Sarkar Sumana , Mondal Amrita , Chopra Deepak , Ribas Joan , Rajak Kajal Krishna 
Published: July 2006

AbstractA bent trinuclear copper(II) complex (1) incorporating μ‐phenoxo, μ‐syn‐syn carboxylato, and μ3‐chloro bridges and an O,N,N‐coordinated reduced Schiff‐base ligand is reported. The complex shows an intramolecular ferromagnetic interaction in the solid state. The EPR spectra also support the magnetic behaviour of the complex. In the compound, each copper centre has a square‐pyramidal geometry. The separation between the adjacent copper ions is about 3.05 Å and that between the terminal copper ions is about 5.0 Å. The complex forms a supramolecular architecture through N–H···Cl hydrogen bonding between the amine group of the reduced Schiff‐base ligand and the counter chloride anions. Absorption and fluorescence spectral studies and viscosity measurements have been performed to determine the type of interaction with calf‐thymus DNA. The nuclease activity of the complex with plasmid DNA is also studied. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
Synthesis, Structure and Magnetic Properties of a Tetranuclear Copper(II) Complex on the Basis of a 2‐Substituted Glucopyranoside Schiff Base Ligand
Authors: Burkhardt Anja , Buchholz Axel , Görls Helmar , Plass Winfried 
Published: July 2006

AbstractCondensation of a derivatized 2‐aminoglucose fragment with salicylaldehyde affords the new sugar‐based Schiff base ligand benzyl 4,6‐O‐benzylidene‐2‐deoxy‐2‐salicylideneamino‐α‐D‐glucopyranoside (H2L). The reaction of the dibasic ligand H2L with [Cu(CH3COO)2]·H2O leads to the formation of the tetranuclear copper(II) complex [{Cu(L)}4] (3) by a self‐assembly process. The X‐ray structural analysis of complex 3 which crystallizes together with two molecules of chloroform and one molecule of ethanol in the space group P212121 revealed for all copper atoms a NO3 coordination environment with a square‐planar geometry. The tetranuclear molecule 3 consists of four chiral building blocks {Cu(L)} with the rare 2,3‐coordination of the trans‐configured donor atoms of the sugar backbone. The observed coordination mode of the building blocks exemplifies how chitosan‐derived polysaccharide ligands can act as a chiral support for transition‐metal complexes. The C‐3 alcoholate oxygen atoms of the carbohydrate unit is bridging adjacent {Cu(L)} moieties resulting in an eight‐membered Cu4O4 ring with a boat‐like conformation. Temperature‐dependent magnetic measurements of 3 indicate moderate antiferromagnetic interactions between the four copper(II) ions with a coupling constant of J = –130 cm–1.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
Planarization of the Cyclohexane Ring by Its Incorporation Into a Cyclophane Cage: Hexahydrosuperphane
Authors: Dodziuk Helena , Ostrowski Maciej 
Published: July 2006

AbstractCalculations at the HF/6‐311G(d,p), DFT B3LYP/6‐311G(d,p), and MP2/6‐311G(d,p) levels show that the hypothetical molecule hexahydrosuperphane should have a planar saturated ring imposed by its incorporation into a cyclophane. The calculated NMR chemical shifts are compared with the experimental literature data for a few compounds with similar structure fragments. The calculated vibrational frequencies and the analysis of possible decomposition routes of the title molecule indicate that the molecule should be stable. Thus, it represents a plausible synthetic target. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)