bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The southern Weddell Sea: combined contourite-turbidite sedimentation at the southeastern margin of the Weddell Gyre
Authors: Michels K. H. , Kuhn G. , Hillenbrand C.-D. , Diekmann B. , FÜtterer D. K. , Grobe H. , Uenzelmann-Neben G. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractSedimentary processes in the southeastern Weddell Sea are influenced by glacial-interglacial ice-shelf dynamics and the cyclonic circulation of the Weddell Gyre, which affects all water masses down to the sea floor. Significantly increased sedimentation rates occur during glacial stages, when ice sheets advance to the shelf edge and trigger gravitational sediment transport to the deep sea. Downslope transport on the Crary Fan and off Dronning Maud and Coats Land is channelized into three huge channel systems, which originate on the eastern, the central and the western Crary Fan. They gradually turn from a northerly direction eastward until they follow a course parallel to the continental slope. All channels show strongly asymmetric cross sections with well-developed levees on their northwestern sides, forming wedge-shaped sediment bodies. They level off very gently. Levees on the southeastern sides are small, if present at all. This characteristic morphology likely results from the process of combined turbidite-contourite deposition. Strong thermohaline currents of the Weddell Gyre entrain particles from turbidity-current suspensions, which flow down the channels, and carry them westward out of the channel where they settle on a surface gently dipping away from the channel. These sediments are intercalated with overbank deposits of high-energy and high-volume turbidity currents, which preferentially flood the left of the channels (looking downchannel) as a result of Coriolis force. In the distal setting of the easternmost channel-levee complex, where thermohaline currents are directed northeastward as a result of a recirculation of water masses from the Enderby Basin, the setting and the internal structures of a wedge-shaped sediment body indicate a contourite drift rather than a channel levee. Dating of the sediments reveals that the levees in their present form started to develop with a late Miocene cooling event, which caused an expansion of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet and an invigoration of thermohaline current activity.
Sediment drifts and deep-sea channel systems, Antarctic Peninsula Pacific Margin
Authors: Rebesco M. , Pudsey C. J. , Canals M. , Camerlenghi A. , Barker P. F. , Estrada F. , Giorgetti A. 
Published: April 2008

Abstract
Twelve sedimentary mounds are identified on the upper continental rise of the Pacific Margin of the Antarctic Peninsula. All these mounds are produced by a varying degree of interaction of along-slope bottom water flow with down-slope turbidity currents. These mounds provide a complete range of intermediates between two end members: the sediment drift and the channel levee. Surface sediments on drift 7 suggest that the mechanisms for the supply and transport of sediment include entrainment of material from turbidity currents within ambient bottom currents, and pelagic settling from the sea surface, including biogenic and glacially derived material. The long-lasting activity of these mechanisms is documented by the data provided by four DSDP and ODP drill sites. Bathymetric and seismic data, both at a large, comprehensive scale and at a small, detailed scale, show the geometry of the sedimentary mounds and their relationships with the adjacent turbidity current channel systems. These data allow the determination of some diagnostic criteria to identify the sediment drifts.
The Andrew and Cyrus Fields, Blocks 16/27a, 16/28, UK North Sea
Authors: Jolley J. E. 
Published: April 2008

Abstract
The Andrew and Cyrus fields lie in UK Blocks 16/27a and 16/28 at the junction of the Witch Ground Graben and the South Viking Graben. The Andrew Fields was discovered in 1974 with well 16/28-1, and Cyrus in 1979 with well 16/28-4. Both fields share a common reservoir the Paleocene Andrew Formation and both are sealed by the overlying Andrew Shale and Sele Formation. Similarly the traps for both fields formed above swells within Zechstein salt. The Andrew and Cyrus Fields differ in their petroleum content. Andrew contains both gas and oil (40API) while Cyrus contains only oil (30API).
Reserves for the Andrew Field are 140 MMBBL based upon a 46% recovery factor using natural aquifer drive. The same mechanism will deliver 16.5 MMBBL from Cyrus at a 21% recovery factor. Production began from Andrew in July 1996. Cyrus production began in April 1990 using the SWOPS system until April 1992. The small field was subsequently tied back to Andrew.
The Don Field, Blocks 211/13a, 211/14, 211/18a, 211/19a, UK North Sea
Authors: Milne A. D. , Brown A. M. 
Published: April 2008

abstract
Cumulative oil production to the end of 2000 from the Don Field was 15.4 MMBBLS, which with an estimated STOIIP of 152 MMBBLS represents a recovery to date of 10%. Don has been producing for over ten years. The field lics 15 km N of the Thistle Field, at the western edge of the Viking Graven in the northern North Sea. The structure of the field is complex, and it comprises several segments, the two larges of which have been developed, Don NE and Don SW. The reservoir sequence is Middle Jurassic Brent Formation. But more deeply buried and of a more distal facies than is typical for other fields in the province.
The Don Field is a sub-sea development tied-back to the Thistle platform, and Britoil (BP) is the operator. The field has been developed with five producers, three in NE andtwo is SW, with a supporting water injection well in each part of the field. All wells have been drill deviated from a seabed manifold located over Don NE.
The Harding Field, Block 9/23b
Authors: Beckly J. , Nash T. , Pollard R. , Bruce C. , Freeman P. , Page G. 
Published: April 2008

Abstract
The Harding Field was discovered in 1988 and lies within Block 9/23b, 320 km NE of Aberdeen, on the western flank of the Crawford Ridge. Appraisal drilling found a series of Tertiary accumulations along the Crawford Ridge, and, though most have an apparent element of stratigraphic trapping, a larger structural closure is possible. The present development comprises two heavy oil accumulations, Central and South, reservoired in massive sands of the Eocene Balder Formation. Deposited by mass flow processes, these clean and well-sorted sands have been further homogenized by post depositional remobilization and injection. There are seven horizontal producers in Central and three in South, with pressure support by water injection. Reservoir quality is exceptional, with permeability in excess of ten darcies and Pi's for the horizontal producers in excess of 1000 STB/psi. Production started in April 1996 achieving a plateau rate in excess of 90 MMSTBPD with 40% of the estimated 200 MMSTB reserves recovered in the first three years.
Four smaller Tertiary satellite pools are presently under appraisal and development by extended reach drilling from the platform.
The North Cormorant Field, Block 211/21a, UK North Sea
Authors: Bater Louise 
Published: April 2008

Abstract
The Cormorant Field was discovered by exploration well 211/26-1 in 1972; the fifth field to be discovered in the Northern North Sea. It straddles blocks 211/21 a and 211/26a and is made up of four discrete accumulations spread along a major N-S trending fault terrace. Oil is produced from the sandstones belonging to the Brent Group. The sedimentary rocks comprising the Brent Group were deposited in a fluvial-wave dominated delta system during the Middle Jurassic. The field is developed from two fixed platforms and an underwater manifold centre and the oil is exported through the Brent system to Sullom Voe in the Shetland Islands. For development purposes the field is split in half; north and south, and it is the northern part, developed by the North Cormorant platform, that is the subject of this review.
The Strathspey Field, Block 3/4a, UK North Sea
Authors: Maxwell G. , Stanley R. E. , White D. C. 
Published: April 2008

Abstract
The Strathspey Field was the first sub-sea development in the North Sea to be tied back to a third party operator, the Ninian Field now operated by Canadian Natural Resources (CNR). The field was discovered in 1975 by well 3/4-4 and lies wholly within Block 3/4a. The field is a tilted fault block, unconformity trap and consists of two separate reservoirs, a volatile oil and a gas condensate reservoir: the Middle Jurassic, Brent Group and the Lower Jurassic/Upper Triassic, Banks Group respectively. Two 3D seismic surveys cover the field, the most recent being a Vertical Cable Seismic survey recorded in 1996.
The Banks Group reservoir is produced under depletion drive by five wells and the Brent Group reservoir by water flooding with 3 water injectors and 6 producing wells. In place volumes are 290 BCF and 90MMSTB for the Banks Group and 120MMSTR in the Brent Group Reservoir. Ultimate recoveries are estimated to be 230BSCF, 22MMBBL and 70MMSTB, 88 BSCF respectively. Oil export is via the Ninian pipeline system to Sullom Voe, while gas export is through the Far North Liquids and Gas System (FLAGS) pipeline system to St Fergus.]
The Thistle Field, Blocks 211/18a, 211/19a, UK North Sea
Authors: Brown A. M. , Milne A. D. , Kay A. 
Published: April 2008

Abstract
Cumulative production of oil from the Thistle Field had reached almost 400 MMBBL by the end of 2000. Thistle is a success story and has been producing for over 20 years. It is now in its late stage of field life and is close to achieving a 50% recovery factor of its estimated 824 MMBBL STOIIP. The millennium challenge is to continue economic production and further increase reserves recovery. It has survived the full range of oil price fluctuations with all the accompanying cost cutting initiatives in late life becoming the benchmark for end of field life performance.
Depositional Architectures of Recent Deepwater Deposits in the Kutei Basin, East Kalimantan
Authors: Fowler J. N. , Guritno E. , Sherwood P. , Smith M. J. , Algar S. , Busono I. , Goffey G. , Strong A. 
Published: April 2008

Abstract
To aid exploration and appraisal of hydrocarbon discoveries in deepwater deposits of the Kutei Basin, a study of analogous sedimentary architectures in Recent deposits of the same basin was undertaken. High quality 3D seismic were used to develop an understanding of the external and internal geometry of slope to basin floor elements in a structured setting. Toe-thrust anticlines and related mud diapirs deflect slope canyons. Over slope-steps, gravity flow deposits are laterally confined with narrow facies belts. In slope mini-basins, flows are less confined resulting in deposition over a broad area. The Recent deposits of a single canyon and associated basin floor system are used to illustrate the deepwater depositional elements. Debrites at the base are followed by a slope channel complex or basin floor fan then a channel-levee complex. Large depocentres occur where gradients are low and the system switches from confined to unconfined. Erosionally confined channels feed basin floor fans at the toe-of-slope, while channels confined by levees feed fans on the 'distal' basin floor. Slope channel complexes and basin floor fans are interpreted to be sand prone. From the slope to basin floor these deposits increase in width:thickness ratio and areal extent and apparent lateral connectivity increases while vertical connectivity decreases.
3D Seismic Analysis Reveals the Origin of Ambiguous Erosional Features at a Major Sequence Boundary in the Eastern North Sea: near Top Oligocene
Authors: Hansen J. P. V. , Clausen O. R. , Huuse M. 
Published: April 2008

Abstract
The near top Oligocene unconformity is a major sequence boundary in the eastern North Sea Basin. It is characterized by erosional scarps below the boundary and a pronounced basinward shift in onlap above. The shift in onlap has previously been interpreted as caused by a major fall in sea level. Detailed 3D seismic analysis of a 20 by 20 km area at and basinward of the uppermost Oligocene clinoform breakpoint reveals that the erosional scarps were caused by undercutting of steep clinoforms by contour-parallel currents and resulting mass wasting whilst the lowermost onlap package consists of a contour-parallel drift deposited as the erosive currents waned. The 3D seismic analysis corroborates a recent analysis based on regional 2D seismic data, which found that the erosional scarps and the geometry of the onlap sequence were indicative of a major shift in sediment input directions and not necessarily associated with any change of sea level. The paper thus demonstrates the utility of local 3D seismic analyses as a form of 'ground truthing' regional basin analyses based on widely spaced 2D seismic grids.
3D Seismic Interpretation of the Messinian Unconformity in the Valencia Basin, Spain
Authors: Martinez Jose Frey , Cartwright Joseph A. , Burgess Peter M. , Bravo Jose Vicente 
Published: April 2008

Abstract
This paper documents the complex three-dimensional geometry of the Messinian Unconformity in the Tarraco concession area on the Ebro Shelf, based on the Tortuga 3D seismic survey. A detailed map of the Messinian Unconformity Surface has been constructed in the survey area, and shows a dendritic drainage pattern with valleys that are around 1 km wide, and 6-7 km in length. The overall morphology of the surface is strongly reminiscent of badlands topography, from semi-arid zone erosion of sandstone-shale sequences. The depth of incision of the valleys into the pre-Messinian clastic sequences is around 400 m. The results obtained confirm previous models of sub-aerial exposure creating erosion of the pre-Messinian shelf and slope sequences that generated the spectacular Messinian Unconformity.
Structural Evolution of a Complex 3D Fault Array in the Cretaceous and Tertiary of the Porcupine Basin, Offshore Ireland
Authors: Jones Greg , Williams L. S. , Knipe R. J. 
Published: April 2008

Abstract
A high-quality 3D seismic survey, located in the northwest Porcupine Basin (Irish Atlantic Margin), has been used to investigate the geometry and origin of pervasively developed and complexly distributed linked extensional fault arrays, present within Late Cretaceous and Early Tertiary sequences. The faults show a downwards transition from relatively simple, planar fault segment geometries (~N-S-trending) within younger Early Eocene sand-dominated clastic sequences, into complex conjugate arrays in the underlying older Early Eocene to Late Cretaceous shale-dominated sequences. Rectilinear to polygonal structural configurations are developed at the deeper levels. Most of the fault array ultimately terminates downwards into the Late Cretaceous, where structural accommodation may have taken place by localized or more regional bedding plane slip and/or by volume changes resulting from compaction of fine-grained sequences. Locally, reactivated Jurassic syn-rift extensional faults are locally seen to link upwards into the shallow fault array and appear to have controlled both the intensity and facing direction of the shallower faults on a km scale. The seismic data also clearly show that early upslope-throwing faults are cross-cut by later, downslope-throwing faults. Such geometries are comparable to those formed in sandbox models where gravitational collapse of a tilted sequence is the dominant process controlling fault development. Overall, the fault array geometries seen in the Cretaceous and lower Tertiary successions in this area are interpreted to have resulted from gravitational collapse processes during basin subsidence and sediment compaction, and where the main deformation mechanism was non-rigid block rotation. Differential compaction of Cretaceous and lower Tertiary sediments over pre-Cretaceous rift topography and selective reactivation of the Jurassic fault array are also considered important influences on the resultant fault distribution in 3D.
Three-dimensional geometry and displacement configuration of a fault array froma raft system, Lower Congo Basin, Offshore Angola: implications for the Neogene turbidite play
Authors: Dutton David M. , Lister Dustin , Trudgill Bruce D. , Pedro Kapela 
Published: April 2008

Abstract
We investigate fault growth and linkage during development of a rafted terrain in the Lower Congo Basin, offshore Angola. Miocene thin-skinned extension has led to the development of isolated raft blocks separated by a graben filled with syn-deformational strata. Angular unconformities together with thinning and onlapping of intra-raft strata onto salt bodies suggest that thick salt was mobile during thin-skinned extension. 3D fault array geometries and displacement patterns record the subsequent deformation history of the graben during further thin-skinned extension. The mode of thin-skinned extension has important consequences for the Neogene turbidite hydrocarbon play associated with the rafted province of the Lower Congo Basin. The presence of thick mobile salt will influence pre-salt source rock maturation and the development of pre-salt/post-salt hydrocarbon migration windows.

Supplementary material:
A movie of a 3D depth-converted fault model of the study area depicting the three-dimensional geometries of faulting associated with deformation of a cover sequence above a raft system is available at
https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4784598
Riphean and Vendian sedimentary sequences of the Timanides and Uralides, the eastern periphery of the East European Craton
Authors: Maslov Andrey V. 
Published: April 2008

Abstract
The northeastern and eastern margin of the East European Craton exposes numerous Riphean and Vendian (Meso- and Neoproterozoic) sedimentary successions that were deposited in alluvial and shallow-marine environments in intra- and pericratonic basins. A review is presented of the lithostratigraphy, sedimentary environments and architectural style of these sedimentary sequences in the Southern, Middle, Subarctic and Polar Urals, on the Poludov Range, and in the Volga-Urals and Timan-Pechora regions. The Riphean sequences are subdivided into three major sedimentary units: Lower, Middle and Upper, based on type areas in the Bashkirian Anticlinorium. During the Early and Middle Riphean, in the Southern Urals there were several short episodes of ‘diffuse’ and linear rifting and long intervals of more stable development in intracratonic sedimentary basins. During the Late Riphean, in the territory under review, larger shallow marine basin developed. Two laterally connected zones existed along the eastern periphery of the East European Craton: one in the Southern and Middle Urals, with a predominance of shallow marine arkosic deposits, and the other, with moderately deep marine (continental slope and rise) turbidities in the Timan-Pechora region. Subsequent Vendian successions were largely shallow marine and deposited in epicratonic basins; they generally give way upwards in the Late Vendian into non-marine clastic formations, derived from the east.
Neoproterozoic high-grade metamorphism of the Kanin Peninsula, Timanide Orogen, northern Russia
Authors: Lorenz H. , Pystin A. M. , Olovyanishnikov V. G. , Gee D. G. 
Published: April 2008

Abstract

Throughout most of the exposed Timanide Orogen, the grade of regional metamorphism does not exceed greenschist facies. Only on the Kanin Peninsula and in the northernmost Timan and in a few of the drillcores that sample basement beneath the Pechora Basin, are amphibolite facies rocks present. This study presents new
P-T
estimates by garnet-biotite geothermometry and GASP geobarometry from the high-grade rocks of the Kanin Peninsula, together with a new structural interpretation of the SE-Kanin area. Thick metaturbiditic successions show an increase of metamorphic grade downwards from low greenschist to high amphibolite facies. On the SE Kanin Peninsula, peak metamorphic conditions are estimated to have reached
c.
0.72 GPa and
c.
610 °C. These inferred Late Proterozoic successions were thickened by thrust-stacking and emplaced southwestwards onto low-grade metamorphic pericratonic sedimentary rocks of the East European Craton during the Timanian Orogeny. Timing of metamorphism is inferred to be late Neoproterozoic, but radiometric ages are not well constrained and more work is needed. The new field observations and analytical results suggest that high-grade regional metamorphism is not confined to the Timan-Kanin area. This is of importance when considering the geophysical data over the Pechora Basin and Barents Sea, particularly the interpretation of crustal velocity structure. Higher velocities, often inferred to represent pre-Riphean basement, may well be related to Neoproterozoic and Mesoproterozoic complexes.
The Dzela complex, Polar Urals, Russia: a Neoproterozoic island arc
Authors: Remizov D. , Pease V. 
Published: April 2008

Abstract
The Neoproterozoic Dzela complex in the southern part of the Polar Ural Mountains occurs within the Uralian fault zone. It represents residual oceanic lithospheric mantle, partial melt derived from it, and seafloor basalts. In low strain domains, a depleted mantle residue of ultramafic rocks (pyroxenite, lherzolite and dunite) and mafic rocks (gabbro, gabbro-norite and quartz gabbronorite) are preserved. Distinctive negative europium anomalies in the ultramafic rocks (and their metamorphosed equivalents) indicate their residual nature after basaltic melt extraction. Gabbroic rocks (and their metamorphosed equivalents) have elevated rare earth element (REE) concentrations, but similar overall REE patterns as the ultramafic rocks that host them, suggesting that the ultramafic rocks are the source of the gabbroic melts.
Blueschist- and greenschist-facies metabasalts overlie the ultramafic and mafic rocks. Two groups of metabasalts are defined. One has NMORB-like REE patterns, but is uniformly more depleted than NMORB, and the other has slightly enriched (relative to NMORB) LREE/HREE patterns. The latter has high field-strength elements (HFSE) concentrations consistent with formation in an intraoceanic subduction zone setting.

Dzela mafic rocks have been dated for the first time to 578 ± 8 Ma (2σ) (U-Pb zircon from quartz-bearing gabbro-norite), defining a Neoproterozoic crystallization age. The complex was probably accreted to the NE margin of Baltica (
sensu lato
) during the Timanian Orogeny. Locally reset U-Pb zircon ages of about 350 Ma probably record Uralian orogenesis and recrystallization associated with high-pressure/low-temperature metamorphism. The Dzela complex provides further evidence that ocean-continent collision was the driving mechanism for Timanian Orogeny.