bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identifying Pregnant Patients With Suspected Intimate Partner Violence
Authors: McGing Maggie , Ashbrook Matthew , Cheng Vincent , Matsuo Koji , Schellenberg Morgan , Martin Matthew , Inaba Kenji , Matsushima Kazuhide 
Published: April 2024

Introduction Intimate partner violence (IPV) is the leading cause of death in pregnant women. Although it can be difficult to identify patients experiencing IPV, injuries to the head, neck, or face due to an assault are known to correlate with intentional injury. The objective of this study is to assess the contemporary burden of IPV in pregnancy and describe the patient characteristics. Methods The National Inpatient Sample was queried for all pregnant women between January 2016 and December 2019. Patients were divided into two groups: suspected IPV (SIPV) and no-SIPV groups. We defined SIPV as any pregnant patient with an identified head, neck, or face injuries categorized as intentional assault. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the association between SIPV and variables of interest. Results A total of 28,540 pregnant patients presented with traumatic injuries with 530 (.02%) identified as SIPV. Suspected IPV patients were younger (25 vs 27 years, P = .012), more likely to be of Black race (46% vs 28%, P = .002), more likely to be in the lowest income quartile (51% vs 38%, P = .031), less likely to have private insurance (12% vs 34%, P < .001), and have higher rates of substance use disorder (35% vs 18%, P < .001). Black race and history of substance use disorder were associated with increased odds of SIPV-related injuries (odds ratio [OR]: 2.01, interquartile range [IQR]: 1.27-3.16, P = .003 and OR: 2.30, IQR 1.54-3.43, P < .001, respectively). Conclusions Our results suggest that there are significant racial and socioeconomic disparities in potential risk for IPV during pregnancy.
Methods and reagent-lot comparisons by regression analysis: Sample size considerations
Authors: Sadler William A 
Published: April 2024

Background Parametric regression analysis is widely used in methods comparisons and more recently in checking the concordance of test results following receipt of new reagent lots. The greater frequency of reagent-lot evaluations increases pressure to detect bias with smallest possible sample sizes (i.e. smallest consumption of time and resources). This study revisits bias detection using the joint slope, intercept confidence region as an alternative to slope and intercept confidence intervals. Methods Four cases were considered representing constant errors, proportional errors (constant CV) and two more complicated error patterns typical of immunoassays. Maximum:minimum range ratios varied from 2:1 to 2000:1. After setting a maximum tolerable difference a series of slope, intercept combinations, each of which predicted the critical difference, were systematically evaluated in simulations which determined the minimum sample size required to detect the difference, firstly using slope, intercept confidence intervals and secondly using the joint slope, intercept confidence region. Results At small to moderate range ratios, bias detection by joint confidence region required greatly reduced sample sizes to the extent that it should encourage reagent-lot evaluations or, alternatively, transform those already routinely performed into considerably less costly exercises. Conclusions While some software is available to calculate joint confidence regions in real-life analyses, shifting this testing method into the mainstream will require a greater number of software developers incorporating the necessary code into their regression programs. The computer program used to conduct this study is freely available and can be used to model any laboratory test.
Parenting a child with a disability: Fathers’ perceptions of the couple relationship
Authors: Zahl Erica , Dale Sigurd Skjeggestad , Fjermestad Krister Westlye , Vatne Torun Marie 
Published: April 2024

Parents of children with a disability experience elevated levels of stress compared to parents of typically developing children, which represents a risk for their couple relationship. Research on families where a child has a disability is principally based on mothers. More knowledge is needed about the paternal perspective. We conducted semi-structured interviews with seven fathers (aged 36–54 years) of children with a disability (primary school age to early twenties). We analyzed the material using qualitative conventional content analysis, focusing on participants’ descriptions of couple relationships. We categorized the participants’ descriptions in two main categories: Couplehood and Co-parenting. Throughout the material, partners were described as romantic partners, co-parents, and collaborators. Participants described that couple communication and emotional expression within couples were affected by parenting a child with a disability. Moreover, participants described influence by cultural masculinity norms on their involvement as partners and parents, and on the dynamic within their couple relationships. An uneven division of labor was described. A practice implication is that communication and emotional expression styles within the parental couple should be a key focus when working with families of children with a disability. The findings also suggest more active involvement of fathers in children’s health care.
Improving the

D

etection,

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ssessment,

M

anagement and

P

revention of

D

elirium in Hospices (the DAMPen-D study): Feasibility study of a flexible and scalable implementation strategy to deliver guideline-adherent delirium care
Authors: Jackson Gillian P , Jackson Catriona E , Boland Jason W , Featherstone Imogen , Huang Chao , Ogden Margaret , Sartain Kathryn , Siddiqi Najma , Twiddy Maureen , Pearson Mark , Johnson Miriam J 
Published: April 2024

Background: Delirium is a complex condition, stressful for all involved. Although highly prevalent in palliative care settings, it remains underdiagnosed and associated with poor outcomes. Guideline-adherent delirium care may improve its detection, assessment and management. Aim: To inform a future definitive study that tests whether an implementation strategy designed to improve guideline-adherent delirium care in palliative care settings improves patient outcomes (reduced proportion of in-patient days with delirium). Design: With Patient Involvement members, we conducted a feasibility study to assess the acceptability of and engagement with the implementation strategy by hospice staff (intervention), and whether clinical record data collection of process (e.g. guideline-adherent delirium care) and clinical outcomes (evidence of delirium using a validated chart-based instrument;) pre- and 12-weeks post-implementation of the intervention would be possible. Setting/participants: In-patient admissions in three English hospices. Results: Between June 2021 and December 2022, clinical record data were extracted from 300 consecutive admissions. Despite data collection during COVID-19, target clinical record data collection ( n = 300) was achieved. Approximately two-thirds of patients had a delirium episode during in-patient stay at both timepoints. A 6% absolute reduction in proportion of delirium days in those with a delirium episode was observed. Post-implementation improvements in guideline-adherent metrics include: clinical delirium diagnosis 15%–28%; delirium risk assessment 0%–16%; screening on admission 7%–35%. Conclusions: Collection of data on delirium outcomes and guideline-adherence from clinical records is feasible. The signal of patient benefit supports formal evaluation in a large-scale study.
Study on the preparation of an epoxy-based electromagnetic wave-absorbing adhesive film and its hygrothermal aging
Authors: Ding Kaifei , Li Wei , Wang Yuxuan , Yang Yuxuan , Zhu Mingwei , Zhang Lu , Li Hongmei , Lu Shaowei 
Published: April 2024

With the wide application of structural adhesives in the aerospace field, the structural adhesive films with only bonding property have not met the current needs. The structural-functional integrated adhesive films have become the current study hotspot. In this paper, an epoxy-based electromagnetic wave-absorbing adhesive film was prepared by adding the magnetite/SWCNTs as the absorbing agent to the epoxy adhesive. And then, it was subjected to hygrothermal aging for 1500h at 70°C and 90% RH. The results show that the absorbing filler was uniformly dispersed in the epoxy resin matrix. The reflection loss (RL) peak of the magnetite/SWCNTs/epoxy adhesive film reached −27.5 dB at the frequency of 8.75 GHz when the absorbing agent content was 20 wt%. The effective bandwidth was 3 GHz with 25 wt% absorbent content. Moreover, after 1000h of hygrothermal aging, the lap shear strength of the magnetite/SWCNTs/epoxy adhesive film decreased by 19.6%, indicating that it can perform excellent service under hygrothermal conditions.
Is social deprivation associated with the peritoneal dialysis outcomes? A cohort study with REIN registry data
Authors: Tobada Steve Biko , Chatelet Valérie , Bechade Clemence , Lanot Antoine , Boyer Annabel , Couchoud Cécile , Toure Fatouma , Boime Sabrina , Lobbedez Thierry , Beaumier Mathilde 
Published: April 2024

Background: Social deprivation is associated with lower peritoneal dialysis (PD) uptake. This study was carried out to evaluate the role of social deprivation on the outcome of PD. Methods: This was a retrospective study of data extracted from the Renal Epidemiology and Information Network registry for patients older than 18 years who started PD in metropolitan France between 1 January 2017 and 30 June 2018. The end of the observation period was 31 December 2020. The exposure was the European Deprivation Index calculated using the patient’s address. The events of interest were death, transfer to haemodialysis (HD), transplantation and the composite event of death or transfer to HD. A Cox model and Fine and Gray model were used for the analysis. Results: A total of 1581 patients were included, of whom 418 (26.5%) belonged to Quintile 5 of the European Deprivation Index (the most deprived patients). In the Cox model, the most deprived subjects did not have a greater risk of death (cause-specific hazard ratio (cs-HR): 0.76 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.53–1.10], transfer to HD (cs-HR 1.37 [95% CI: 0.95–1.98]) or the composite event of death or transfer to HD (cs-HR: 1.08 [95% CI: 0.84–1.38]) or a lower risk of kidney transplantation (cs-HR: 0.73 [95% CI: 0.48–1.10]). In the competing risk analysis, the most deprived subjects had a higher risk of transfer to HD (subdistribution hazard ratio (sd-HR): 1.54 [95% CI: 1.08–2.19]) and lower access to kidney transplantation (sd-HR: 0.68 [0.46–0.99]). Conclusion: In PD patients, social deprivation was not associated with death or the composite event of death or transfer to HD. Socially deprived individuals had a greater risk of transfer to HD and lower access to kidney transplantation in the competing risk analysis.
“I Can’t Believe We’re Still Protesting This!”: How the Lesbian-Feminist Embodies Our Way Forward
Authors: Eckeberger Laulie 
Published: April 2024

The paradoxical person of the Lesbian-Feminist exists as an intersectional being, living both within the world of the feminist movement and within the queer movement. The feminist movement seeks to deconstruct patriarchy and harmful gender binaries that have perpetually disenfranchised women. When studying queer theory, it becomes clear that the main goal of the queer movement is to deconstruct binaries and gender roles in their totality. This project is unique as it attempts to identify the Lesbian-Feminist as the space in which both of these movements coexist. The Lesbian-Feminist is concerned with both bringing about the full equality of women and working for the full inclusion of LGBTQ people in politics, society, and the church. This research will be situated within the context of theological discourse as we think of the revolution in relation to the person and work of Jesus. Jesus dismantled unjust systems and harmful hierarchal power dynamics and, in doing so, showed us how to truly be the kin-dom of God on earth. Jesus exemplified justice, love, and radical equality, attributes that Christians do not always exemplify as they tend to perpetuate the dominant social structure with its leader, the white, heterosexual, Christian male. The work of the liberation theologian, specifically that of the queer or the feminist theologian, carries on the work of Jesus by continuing to dismantle and disrupt these dominant power structures and social constructions that exclude and deny the full humanity of anyone who is in the margins. Just as Jesus held full equality in divinity and humanity, the Lesbian-Feminist incarnates God’s presence in the world in both her queerness and her womanhood. It seems clear from the recent surge in misogynistic, crassly anti-woman rhetoric and behavior in our culture that there remains a significant amount of work to be done and that we do not live in a post-sexist society. The reaction and resurgence that was the 2017 Women’s March brings to light and rebels against all that seeks to keep us divided along lines of gender, race, and socio-economics. The March, as a gathering of the margins, was a chorus of voices making clear that we will not allow sexism, racism, homophobia, and xenophobia to turn this country backward. Therein lies the importance of the Lesbian-Feminist, that as an intersectional force bringing together two movements, she also brings together the entire revolution.
Epidemiology and Severity of Medical Events for Mountain Bikers and Hikers Transported by Ambulance in Western Australia, 2015 to 2020
Authors: Braybrook Paul J. , Tohira Hideo , Brink Deon , Finn Judith , Buzzacott Peter L. 
Published: April 2024

Introduction Outdoor activities offer physical and mental health benefits. However, incidents can occur requiring ambulance transport to hospital. This study aimed to describe the epidemiology and severity of traumatic and medical incidents for mountain bikers and hikers transported by ambulance within Western Australia. Methods This was a retrospective cohort study of ambulance-transported mountain bikers and hikers within Western Australia from 2015 to 2020. Data were extracted from ambulance electronic patient care records. Multivariable analyses were undertaken to identify variables associated with higher patient severity based on the National Early Warning Score 2 (NEWS2). Results A total of 610 patients required ambulance transport to hospital while mountain biking (n=329; 54%) or hiking (n = 281; 46%). Median age of mountain bikers and hikers was 38 (24–48) y and 49 (32–63) y, respectively. Paramedics reported a fracture in 92 (28%) mountain bikers and 78 (28%) hikers. The predominant injury locations for mountain bikers were upper limbs and for hikers, lower limbs. Cases were trauma related in 92% of mountain bikers and 55% of hikers. A significant association ( P<0.001) between the etiology of the ambulance callout and patient severity was found. In trauma etiology cases, the frequency of medium-risk+ NEWS2 severity was 21.4%. In medical cases, the frequency of medium-risk+ severity was 40.8%. Conclusion Both mountain bikers and hikers experienced incidents requiring ambulance transport to hospital. Incidents of a medical etiology had a higher clinical risk, as determined by the NEWS2 scores, regardless of activity being undertaken.
Retinal OCT biomarkers associated with reading performance in patients with persistent vs. resolved diabetic macular edema
Authors: Ricardi Federico , Reccalenda Ilaria , Boscia Giacomo , Gelormini Francesco , Cimorosi Francesca , Novarese Cristina , Marolo Paola , Parisi Guglielmo , Bandello Francesco , Borrelli Enrico , Reibaldi Michele 
Published: April 2024

Background Recent advancements in imaging technologies, particularly structural optical coherence tomography (OCT), have improved the understanding of diabetic macular edema (DME) pathophysiology and provided valuable biomarkers for disease progression and visual outcomes. This prospective study aimed to investigate the association between specific retinal biomarkers identified through OCT imaging and reading performance metrics in patients with previously treated persistent versus resolved DME and good visual acuity. Methods Forty-nine eyes from 35 patients with a history of DME were enrolled. Reading performance was assessed using the Radner reading charts, which include standardized sentences with geometrically progressing print sizes. Structural alterations in the inner and outer retina, as well as the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), were graded based on OCT images. Results Reading performance, measured as maximum reading speed, was associated with specific retinal biomarkers. The disruption of the ellipsoid zone (EZ) in the parafoveal region and the presence of disorganization of the inner retinal layers (DRIL) in the parafovea were correlated with reduced reading speed. These associations were independent of the presence of intraretinal or subretinal fluid. Conclusions Understanding the relationship between retinal biomarkers and reading performance could contribute to a comprehensive evaluation of visual function and quality of life in patients with DME, leading to better management strategies and treatment outcomes.
Camouflaging, not sensory processing or autistic identity, predicts eating disorder symptoms in autistic adults
Authors: Bradley Siofra , Moore Fhionna , Duffy Fiona , Clark Lili , Suratwala Tasha , Knightsmith Pooky , Gillespie-Smith Karri 
Published: April 2024

The objective of this study was to explore the role that Autistic identity, sensory processing and camouflaging behaviours have on eating disorder symptomology in Autistic adults. Previous research has focused on cognitive and sensory factors to explain the association between autism and eating disorders, but the roles of social identity and camouflaging are yet to be explored. Autistic participants ( N = 180) were recruited from NHS settings and community groups. The participants completed online questionnaires measuring autistic identity, camouflaging behaviours, sensory processing, autistic traits and eating disorder symptoms. Multiple regression revealed that camouflaging significantly predicted eating disorder symptoms. Although sensory processing was related, it did not significantly predict eating disorder symptom severity. In addition, there was no significant relationship between autistic identity and eating disorder symptom severity. This study highlights the impact that camouflaging behaviours and sensory processing can have on eating disorder symptomatology in autism and may indicate important considerations for the treatment of eating disorders in Autistic people. Lay Abstract This study aimed to explore the impact of Autistic identity (i.e. feeling like you belong to the Autistic community), sensory profiles (e.g. being over or under responsive to sensations) and camouflaging behaviours (i.e. masking) on eating disorder symptoms in Autistic adults. 180 Autistic people were recruited from the community and NHS. The Autistic people completed online questionnaires measuring Autistic identity, sensory profiles, camouflaging behaviours, autistic traits and eating disorder symptoms. The analysis showed that higher levels of camouflaging behaviour predicted higher levels of eating disorder symptoms. Sensory profiles were related to but did not predict eating disorder symptoms and there was no relationship between level of Autistic identity and eating disorder symptoms. This shows that camouflaging is the most important predictor of eating disorder symptoms in Autistic people, and warrants further exploration.
Unravelling the microplastic contamination: A comprehensive analysis of microplastics in indoor house dust
Authors: Bhat Mansoor Ahmad 
Published: April 2024

Microplastics (MPs), measuring less than 5 mm, have been causing environmental concerns in aquatic ecosystems, and less work has been done in indoor environments, where humans spend most of their lives. This finding revealed a diverse range of MPs within indoor house dust samples. These MPs encompassed fibres, fragments, foams, pellets and films. Due to the ubiquity of textile-based items, fibres are the most common indoor MP. The MPs have different colours like black, red, blue, yellow, white and brown. The study revealed there were substantial differences in MP sizes across different households. The average size range was 178.87–3713.99 µm. One hundred eighteen particles were identified as MPs. The study identified 22 types of MPs, shedding light on these materials’ extensive sources and applications in everyday household items. MPs in indoor environments raise concerns about potential human exposure and underscore the need for further research into their health implications. The MPs found in most indoor house samples were low-density polyethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamide, polyvinyl chloride, high-density polyethylene and polystyrene. Carbon, nitrogen, fluorine, sodium, sulphur, potassium, calcium, zinc, oxygen and magnesium were the common elements in all indoor house dust samples. Compared with the active sampling, slightly more work has been done on the indoor house dust samples.
Hemiarthroplasty or total elbow arthroplasty for unreconstructible distal humeral fractures in the elderly (hot elbow): A feasibility study
Authors: Burden Eleanor G , Batten Timothy John , Thomas William , Evans Jonathan P , Smith Christopher 
Published: April 2024

This feasibility trial aims to assess the practicality of, and obtain preliminary data to inform, a definitive randomised controlled trial (RCT) of total elbow arthroplasty (TEA) versus distal humeral hemiarthroplasty (HA) in patients over the age of 65 years with unreconstructible distal humeral fractures (DHF). 17 patients met the inclusion criteria during the 18-month recruitment period from December 2020 until June 2022, and 15 (88%) consented to be randomised (recruitment rate: 0.7/month). Two patients withdrew from the study prior to surgery leaving 13 patients for analysis (retention rate: 87%). Seven patients were randomised to TEA and six patients to HA. 100% of patients were available for 12-month follow-up. A 10-point difference in favour of HA in DASH (44.5 vs. 54.2) and OES (31.6 vs. 21.3) was seen during 6-week follow-up, while no difference in patient-reported outcome measures was seen at 3- or 12-month follow-up. This study demonstrates feasibility of undertaking an RCT of TEA versus HA in patients over the age of 65 with unreconstructible DHF. Preliminary data corroborate with the ongoing clinical equipoise and support the requirement for a larger adequately powered RCT. This trial is registered in the US Clinical Trials Registry (https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04646798?cond=distal%20humeral%20fracture&rank=6) Clinical Trial ID: NCT04646798.