bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A long-read sequencing strategy with overlapping linkers on adjacent fragments (OLAF-Seq) for targeted resequencing and enrichment
Authors: Uppuluri Lahari , Shi Christina Huan , Varapula Dharma , Young Eleanor , Ehrlich Rachel L. , Wang Yilin , Piazza Danielle , Mell Joshua Chang , Yip Kevin Y. , Xiao Ming 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this report, we present OLAF-Seq, a novel strategy to construct a long-read sequencing library such that adjacent fragments are linked with end-terminal duplications. We use the CRISPR-Cas9 nickase enzyme and a pool of multiple sgRNAs to perform non-random fragmentation of targeted long DNA molecules (> 300kb) into smaller library-sized fragments (about 20 kbp) in a manner so as to retain physical linkage information (up to 1000 bp) between adjacent fragments. DNA molecules targeted for fragmentation are preferentially ligated with adaptors for sequencing, so this method can enrich targeted regions while taking advantage of the long-read sequencing platforms. This enables the sequencing of target regions with significantly lower total coverage, and the genome sequence within linker regions provides information for assembly and phasing. We demonstrated the validity and efficacy of the method first using phage and then by sequencing a panel of 100 full-length cancer-related genes (including both exons and introns) in the human genome. When the designed linkers contained heterozygous genetic variants, long haplotypes could be established. This sequencing strategy can be readily applied in both PacBio and Oxford Nanopore platforms for both long and short genes with an easy protocol. This economically viable approach is useful for targeted enrichment of hundreds of target genomic regions and where long no-gap contigs need deep sequencing.
Correlative single-cell hard X-ray computed tomography and X-ray fluorescence imaging
Authors: Lin Zihan , Zhang Xiao , Nandi Purbasha , Lin Yuewei , Wang Liguo , Chu Yong S. , Paape Timothy , Yang Yang , Xiao Xianghui , Liu Qun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractX-ray computed tomography (XCT) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) imaging are two non-invasive imaging techniques to study cellular structures and chemical element distributions, respectively. However, correlative X-ray computed tomography and fluorescence imaging for the same cell have yet to be routinely realized due to challenges in sample preparation and X-ray radiation damage. Here we report an integrated experimental and computational workflow for achieving correlative multi-modality X-ray imaging of a single cell. The method consists of the preparation of radiation-resistant single-cell samples using live-cell imaging-assisted chemical fixation and freeze-drying procedures, targeting and labeling cells for correlative XCT and XRF measurement, and computational reconstruction of the correlative and multi-modality images. With XCT, cellular structures including the overall structure and intracellular organelles are visualized, while XRF imaging reveals the distribution of multiple chemical elements within the same cell. Our correlative method demonstrates the feasibility and broad applicability of using X-rays to understand cellular structures and the roles of chemical elements and related proteins in signaling and other biological processes.
Repeat DNA methylation is modulated by adherens junction signaling
Authors: Brenner Lisa-Marie , Meyer Florian , Yang Haiqian , Köhler Anja R. , Bashtrykov Pavel , Guo Ming , Jeltsch Albert , Lungu Cristiana , Olayioye Monilola A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThrough its involvement in gene transcription and heterochromatin formation, DNA methylation regulates how cells interact with their environment. Nevertheless, the extracellular signaling cues that modulate the distribution of this central chromatin modification are largely unclear. DNA methylation is highly abundant at repetitive elements, but its investigation in live cells has been complicated by methodological challenges. Utilizing a CRISPR/dCas9 biosensor that reads DNA methylation of human α-satellite repeats in live cells, we here uncover a signaling pathway linking the chromatin and transcriptional state of repetitive elements to epithelial adherens junction integrity. Specifically, we find that in confluent breast epithelial cell monolayers, α-satellite repeat methylation is reduced by comparison to low density cultures. This is coupled with increased transcriptional activity at repeats. Through comprehensive perturbation experiments, we identify the junctional protein E-cadherin, which links to the actin cytoskeleton, as a central molecular player for signal relay into the nucleus. Furthermore, we find that this pathway is impaired in cancer cells that lack E-cadherin and are not contact-inhibited. This suggests that the molecular connection between cell density and repetitive element methylation could play a role in the maintenance of epithelial tissue homeostasis.
Shaped liquid drops generate MeV temperature electron beams with millijoule class laser
Authors: Mondal Angana , Sabui Ratul , Tata Sheroy , Trines R. M. G. M. , Rahul S. V. , Li Feiyu , Sarkar Soubhik , Trickey William , Kumar Rakesh Y. , Rajak Debobrata , Pasley John , Sheng Zhengming , Jha Jagannath , Anand M. , Gopal Ram , Robinson A. P. L. , Krishnamurthy M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMeV temperature electrons are typically generated at laser intensities of 1018 W cm−2. Their generation at non-relativistic intensities (~1016 W cm−2) with high repetition rate lasers is cardinal for the realization of compact, ultra-fast electron sources. Here we report a technique of dynamic target structuring of micro-droplets using a 1 kHz, 25 fs, millijoule class laser, that uses two collinear laser pulses; the first to create a concave surface in the liquid drop and the second, to dynamically-drive electrostatic plasma waves that accelerate electrons to MeV energies. The acceleration mechanism, identified as two plasmon decay instability, is shown to generate two beams of electrons with hot electron temperature components of 200 keV and 1 MeV, respectively, at an intensity of 4 × 1016 Wcm−2, only. The electron beams are demonstrated to be ideal for single shot high resolution (tens of μm) electron radiography.
Taming cyclo-pentazolate anions with a hydrogen-bonded organic framework
Authors: Xu Yuangang , Zhou Jianxin , Li Xinyi , Hou Tianyang , Xu Ze , Wang Pengcheng , Lu Ming 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBecause of its high energy, aromaticity, and carbon- and hydrogen-free structure, the cyclo-pentazolate anion (c-N5-) has attracted increased attention as a potential polynitrogen structural unit for the research of next-generation high energy density materials. However, the poor thermal stability of c-N5--based compounds has become an important factor restricting their development. Here, we show that a hydrogen-bonded organic framework (HOF) self-assembles with and stabilizes c-N5-, with c-N5- situated in the pores of the resulting framework through the formation of symmetrical c-N5- hydrogen bonds as the main stabilizing factors. These factors result in an onset decomposition temperature of 153 °C for the c-N5-@HOF portion, which exceeds the thermal stabilities generally observed for c-N5--based derivatives of below 135 °C. We envisage that further c-N5--based materials with enhanced stabilities and better performance will be developed in the future.
Mendelian randomization study of the relationship between blood and urine biomarkers and schizophrenia in the UK Biobank cohort
Authors: Cheng Bolun , Bai Yunfeng , Liu Li , Meng Peilin , Cheng Shiqiang , Yang Xuena , Pan Chuyu , Wei Wenming , Liu Huan , Jia Yumeng , Wen Yan , Zhang Feng 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
The identification of suitable biomarkers is of crucial clinical importance for the early diagnosis of treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS). This study aims to comprehensively analyze the association between TRS and blood and urine biomarkers.

Methods
Candidate TRS-related single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were obtained from a recent genome-wide association study. The UK Biobank cohort, comprising 376,807 subjects with blood and urine biomarker testing data, was used to calculate the polygenic risk score (PRS) for TRS. Pearson correlation analyses were performed to evaluate the correlation between TRS PRS and each of the biomarkers, using calculated TRS PRS as the instrumental variables. Bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) was used to assess potential causal associations between candidate biomarkers with TRS.

Results
Here we identify a significant association between TRS PRS and phosphate (r = 0.007, P = 1.96 × 10−4). Sex subgroup analyses identify seven and three candidate biomarkers associated with TRS PRS in male and female participants, respectively. For example, total protein and phosphate for males, creatinine and phosphate for females. Bidirectional two-sample MR analyses indicate that TRS is negatively associated with cholesterol (estimate = −0.363, P  = 0.008). Conversely, TRS is positively associated with total protein (estimate = 0.137, P  = 0.027), mean corpuscular volume (estimate = 0.032, P  = 2.25 × 10−5), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (estimate = 0.018, P  = 0.007).

Conclusions
Our findings provide insights into the roles of blood and urine biomarkers in the early detection and treatment of TRS.
α-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone alleviates pathological cardiac remodeling via melanocortin 5 receptor
Authors: Suominen Anni , Saldo Rubio Guillem , Ruohonen Saku , Szabó Zoltán , Pohjolainen Lotta , Ghimire Bishwa , Ruohonen Suvi T , Saukkonen Karla , Ijas Jani , Skarp Sini , Kaikkonen Leena , Cai Minying , Wardlaw Sharon L , Ruskoaho Heikki , Talman Virpi , Savontaus Eriika , Kerkelä Risto , Rinne Petteri 
Published: March 2024

Abstractα-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) regulates diverse physiological functions by activating melanocortin receptors (MC-R). However, the role of α-MSH and its possible target receptors in the heart remain completely unknown. Here we investigate whether α-MSH could be involved in pathological cardiac remodeling. We found that α-MSH was highly expressed in the mouse heart with reduced ventricular levels after transverse aortic constriction (TAC). Administration of a stable α-MSH analog protected mice against TAC-induced cardiac hypertrophy and systolic dysfunction. In vitro experiments revealed that MC5-R in cardiomyocytes mediates the anti-hypertrophic signaling of α-MSH. Silencing of MC5-R in cardiomyocytes induced hypertrophy and fibrosis markers in vitro and aggravated TAC-induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in vivo. Conversely, pharmacological activation of MC5-R improved systolic function and reduced cardiac fibrosis in TAC-operated mice. In conclusion, α-MSH is expressed in the heart and protects against pathological cardiac remodeling by activating MC5-R in cardiomyocytes. These results suggest that analogs of naturally occurring α-MSH, that have been recently approved for clinical use and have agonistic activity at MC5-R, may be of benefit in treating heart failure.
Protective roles of peroxiporins AQP0 and AQP11 in human astrocyte and neuronal cell lines in response to oxidative and inflammatory stressors
Authors: Amro Zein , Collins-Praino Lyndsey E. , Yool Andrea J. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn addition to aquaporin (AQP) classes AQP1, AQP4 and AQP9 known to be expressed in mammalian brain, our recent transcriptomic analyses identified AQP0 and AQP11 in human cortex and hippocampus at levels correlated with age and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) status; however, protein localization remained unknown. Roles of AQP0 and AQP11 in transporting hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in lens and kidney prompted our hypothesis that up-regulation in brain might similarly be protective. Established cell lines for astroglia (1321N1) and neurons (SHSY5Y, differentiated with retinoic acid) were used to monitor changes in transcript levels for human AQPs (AQP0 to AQP12) in response to inflammation (simulated with 10–100 ng/ml lipopolysaccharide [LPS], 24 h), and hypoxia (5 min N2, followed by 0 to 24 h normoxia). AQP transcripts up-regulated in both 1321N1 and SHSY5Y included AQP0, AQP1 and AQP11. Immunocytochemistry in 1321N1 cells confirmed protein expression for AQP0 and AQP11 in plasma membrane and endoplasmic reticulum; AQP11 increased 10-fold after LPS and AQP0 increased 0.3-fold. In SHSY5Y cells, AQP0 expression increased 0.2-fold after 24 h LPS; AQP11 showed no appreciable change. Proposed peroxiporin roles were tested using melondialdehyde (MDA) assays to quantify lipid peroxidation levels after brief H2O2. Boosting peroxiporin expression by LPS pretreatment lowered subsequent H2O2-induced MDA responses (∼50%) compared with controls; conversely small interfering RNA knockdown of AQP0 in 1321N1 increased lipid peroxidation (∼17%) after H2O2, with a similar trend for AQP11 siRNA. Interventions that increase native brain peroxiporin activity are promising as new approaches to mitigate damage caused by aging and neurodegeneration.
Privacy‐preserving data integration scheme in industrial robot system based on fog computing and edge computing
Authors: Han Song , Ma Hui , Taherkordi Amir , Lan Dapeng , Chen Yange 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTo solve the security problems of the moving robot system in the fog network of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), this paper presents a privacy‐preserving data integration scheme in the moving robot system. First, a novel data collection enhancement algorithm is proposed to enhance the image effects, and a k‐anonymous location and data privacy protection protocol based on Ad hoc network (Ad hoc‐based KLDPP protocol) is designed in secure data collection phase to protect the privacy of location and network data. Second, the secure multiparty computation with verifiable key sharing is introduced to realize the valid computation against share cheating in the robot system. Third, the ciphertext classification method in a neural network is considered in the secure data storage process to realize the special application. Finally, experiments and simulations are conducted on the robot system of fog computing in the IIoT. The results demonstrate that the proposed scheme can improve the security and efficiency of the said robot system.
Data sonification of film capacitors
Authors: Zhang Yong‐Xin , Liu Di‐Fan , Wei Xin‐Yi , Wang Xin‐Jie , Chen Fang‐Yi , Feng Qi‐Kun , Cao Wen‐Yuan , Dong Wen‐Zhuo , Shah Faisal Mehmood , Liu Yu‐Xiao , Wu Zhi‐Yuan , Wang Jian‐Tao , Zhong Shao‐Long , Dang Zhi‐Min 
Published: March 2024

AbstractFilm capacitors are playing an increasingly important role in power‐related fields, driven by the continuous development of dielectric materials and practical needs. Long‐term accumulation has also led to an increasing wealth of data related to film capacitors. Sonification opens up a new way for people to make good use of data from film capacitors. A framework for sonifying film capacitors data based on TwoTone is presented. Based on the analysis and discussion, it is clear that the sonification results can easily represent the monotonic variation pattern of film capacitors data. What's more, the sonification results increase the possibility that people pay attention to the changing trend of film capacitors data when there is no significant difference in the visual perception of the data. In addition to providing a new way of music generation of electrical equipment, the method proposed is expected to contribute to theory reference in typical scenarios, such as factory calibration of film capacitors, monitoring of film capacitor operation status, and presentation of statistical data of film capacitors' dielectric materials, which will help us to better understand the distribution characteristics of polymer films.
Very high step‐down coupled inductor two‐phase buck converter with single magnetic element and inherent clamp voltage capability
Authors: Esfahani Ahmad Ghamsari , Adib Ehsan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis paper proposed a new two‐phase high step‐down DC–DC converter is proposed. This converter is derived from the two‐phase series‐capacitor converter. The proposed converter replaces the series capacitor with a new structure that integrates Valley‐Fill circuit and coupled‐inductors concepts. This replacement can improve the voltage gain of the converter as well as a considerable reduction of diodes voltage stress. The proposed structure implements a dual‐phase buck using a single magnetic element. Also, the proposed structure inherently limits the voltage spikes due to the leakage inductance of coupled inductors without any additional clamp circuit. The proposed converter is analyzed, and design guidelines are provided. A 300–24 V prototype converter is implemented to justify the validity of circuit operation and the theoretical analysis.
Dynamics of 2023 FW14, the second L4 Mars trojan, and a physical characterization using the 10.4 m Gran Telescopio Canarias
Authors: de la Fuente Marcos R. , de León J. , de la Fuente Marcos C. , Alarcon M. R. , Licandro J. , Serra-Ricart M. , Geier S. , Cabrera-Lavers A. 
Published: March 2024

Context. Known Mars trojans could be primordial small bodies that have remained in their present-day orbits for the age of the Solar System. Their orbital distribution is strongly asymmetric; there are over a dozen objects at the L5 point and just one at L4, (121514) 1999 UJ7. Most L5 trojans appear to form a collision-induced asteroid cluster, known as the Eureka family. Asteroid 2023 FW14 was recently discovered and it has a robust orbit determination that may be consistent with a Mars trojan status.
Aims. Our aim is determine the nature and dynamical properties of 2023 FW14.
Methods. We carried out an observational study of 2023 FW14 to derive its spectral class using the OSIRIS camera spectrograph at the 10.4 m Gran Telescopio Canarias. We investigated its possible trojan resonance with Mars using direct N-body simulations.
Results. The reflectance spectrum of 2023 FW14 is not compatible with the olivine-rich composition of the Eureka family; it also does not resemble the composition of the Moon, although (101429) 1998 VF31 does. The Eureka family and 101429 are at the L5 point. The spectrum of 2023 FW14 is also different from two out of the three spectra in the literature of the other known L4 trojan, 121514, which are of C-type. The visible spectrum of 2023 FW14 is consistent with that of an X-type asteroid, as is the third spectrum of 121514. Our calculations confirm that 2023 FW14 is the second known L4 Mars trojan although it is unlikely to be primordial; it may remain in its present-day “tadpole” path for several million years before transferring to a Mars-crossing orbit. It might be a fragment of 121514, but a capture scenario seems more likely.
Conclusions. The discovery of 2023 FW14 suggests that regular Mars-crossing asteroids can be captured as temporary Mars trojans.
Animal trypanosomosis eliminated in a major livestock production region in Senegal following the eradication of a tsetse population
Authors: Seck Momar Talla , Fall Assane Guèye , Ciss Mamadou , Bakhoum Mame Thierno , Sall Baba , Gaye Adji Marème , Gimonneau Geoffrey , Bassène Mireille Djimangali , Lancelot Renaud , Vreysen Marc J.B. , Bouyer Jérémy 
Published: March 2024

African animal trypanosomosis (AAT) was one of the main disease-related constraints to the development of intensive livestock production systems in the Niayes region of Senegal, a 30 km wide strip of land along the coast between Dakar and Saint-Louis. To overcome this constraint, the Government of Senegal initiated an area-wide integrated pest management programme combining chemical control tactics with the sterile insect technique to eradicate a population of the tsetse fly Glossina palpalis gambiensis Vanderplank, 1949 (Diptera, Glossinidae) in this area. The project was implemented following a phased conditional approach, and the target area was divided into three blocks treated sequentially. This study aims to assess the temporal dynamics of the prevalence of Trypanosoma spp. during the implementation of this programme. Between 2009 and 2022, 4,359 blood samples were collected from cattle and screened for trypanosomes using both the buffy coat and ELISA techniques, and PCR tests since 2020. The seroprevalence decreased from 18.9% (95%CI: 11.2–26.5) in 2009 to 0% in 2017–2022 in block 1, and from 92.9% (95%CI: 88.2–97) in 2010 to 0% in 2021 in block 2. The parasitological and serological data confirm the entomological monitoring results, i.e., that there is a high probability that the population of G. p. gambiensis has been eradicated from the Niayes and that the transmission of AAT has been interrupted in the treated area. These results indicate the effectiveness of the adopted approach and show that AAT can be sustainably removed through the creation of a zone free of G. p. gambiensis.
Epidemiology of Injuries in Olympic Sports
Authors: Lambert Christophe , Ritzmann Ramona , Akoto Ralph , Lambert Maxime , Pfeiffer Thomas , Wolfarth Bernd , Lachmann Danlel , Shafizadeh Sven 
Published: March 2024

AbstractInjuries effect the performance of athletes. Severity of injuries is determined by time loss and sporting performance reduction. To treat injuries adequately, it is necessary to get an overview of varied injuries types in different sports disciplines. In a retrospective study 7.809 athletes from Germany, Switzerland and Austria competing in competitive or recreational levels of sports were included. Injury prevalence was highest in team sports (75 %), followed by combat (64 %), racquet (54 %) and track and field (51 %). Knee (28 %) and shoulder (14 %) were the most at risk joints. Time loss in sporting activity after injury was longest in the region of knee (26 weeks). Of all reported injuries, 48 % were accompanied by a reduced level of performance. The highest injury prevalence occurred in the year 2016 (45 %). More injuries occurred during training (58 %) compared to competition (42 %). Across Olympic disciplines, a large number of injuries occurred during training sessions. Injury frequency increased as the Olympic games drew closer. Knee and shoulder injuries were the most severe injuries with respect to time loss and reduction sporting performance.
Lückenschluss bei Aplasie der bleibenden zweiten Prämolaren im
Unterkiefer mittels Mentoplate – ein Fallbericht
Authors: Utz J. F. , Kutz J. 
Published: March 2024

ZusammenfassungDie kieferorthopädische Behandlung von Patienten mit Zahnaplasien im
Unterkieferseitenzahnbereich in Kombination mit einer progenen Tendenz stellt
eine große Herausforderung dar. Der vorliegende Fall zeigt, dass eine
strukturierte Analyse und Auswertung der Befunde in Kombination mit einem guten
Verankerungsmanagement die Grenzen der modernen Kieferorthopädie erweitern und
sowohl eine dentale Kompensation als auch ein erfolgreicher Lückenschluss im
Seitenzahngebiet gleichzeitig angegangen werden können.
Möglichkeiten der modernen Kieferorthopädie: Von der
Ausgangssituation bis zur Eingliederung – Der digitale Workflow
für herausnehmbare und festsitzende
CAD/CAM-Apparaturen
Authors: Şen Sinan , Puchert Kathrin , Töckelt Ödön 
Published: March 2024

ZusammenfassungDie rasante Entwicklung der Informationstechnologie und die fortschreitende
Digitalisierung haben in den letzten Jahren den Fachbereich der
Kieferorthopädie grundlegend verändert. Durch den Einsatz
digitaler Techniken im Bereich der Diagnostik und der Behandlungsplanung
eröffnen sich für die Patienten effizientere und
präzisere Versorgungsmöglichkeiten [1, 2].Die Etablierung der CAD/CAM (Computer-Aided-Design/
Computer-Aided-Manufacturing)-Technologie hat maßgeblich Einfluss auf
den Workflow in der kieferorthopädischen Fachpraxis genommen. Dieser
Artikel soll einen Überblick über den derzeitigen digitalen
Workflow bei der Herstellung von herausnehmbaren und festsitzenden
CAD/CAM-Apparaturen schaffen.