bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diverse roles of 2‐arachidonoylglycerol in invasion of prostate carcinoma cells: Location, hydrolysis and 12‐lipoxygenase metabolism
Authors: Endsley Michael P. , Aggarwal Nitin , Isbell Marilyn A. , Wheelock Craig E. , Hammock Bruce D. , Falck John R. , Campbell William B. , Nithipatikom Kasem 
Published: April 2007

AbstractEndogenous 2‐arachidonoylglycerol (2‐AG) is antiinvasive in androgen‐independent prostate carcinoma (PC‐3) cells. Invasion of PC‐3 cells is also inhibited by exogenously added noladin ether, a non‐hydrolyzable analog of 2‐AG. In contrast, exogenous 2‐AG has the opposite effect. Cell invasion significantly increased with high concentrations of exogenous 2‐AG. In PC‐3 cells, arachidonic acid (AA) and 12‐hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12‐HETE) concentrations increased along with exogenously added 2‐AG, and 12‐HETE concentrations increased with exogenously added AA. Invasion of PC‐3 cells also increased with exogenously added AA and 12(S)‐HETE but not 12(R)‐HETE. The exogenous 2‐AG‐induced invasion of PC‐3 cells was inhibited by 3‐octylthio‐1,1,1‐trifluoropropan‐2‐one (OTFP, an inhibitor of 2‐AG hydrolysis) and baicalein (a 12‐LO inhibitor). Western blot and RT‐PCR analyses indicated expression of 12‐HETE producing lipoxygenases (LOs), platelet‐type 12‐LO (P‐12‐LO) and leukocyte‐type 12‐LO (L‐12‐LO), in PC‐3 cells. These results suggest that exogenous 2‐AG induced, rather inhibited, cell invasion because of its rapid hydrolysis to free AA, and further metabolism by 12‐LO of AA to 12(S)‐HETE, a promoter of PC cell invasion. The results also suggest that PC‐3 cells and human prostate stromal (WPMY‐1) cells released free AA, 2‐AG, and 12‐HETE. In the microenvironment of the PC cells, this may contribute to the cell invasion. The 2‐AG hydrolysis and concentration of 2‐AG in microenvironment are critical for PC cell's fate. Therefore, inhibitors of 2‐AG hydrolysis could potentially serve as therapeutic agents for the treatment of prostate cancer. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Adenovirus E1A proteins direct subcellular redistribution of Nek9, A NimA‐related kinase
Authors: Pelka Peter , Scimè Anthony , Mandalfino Christina , Joch Monica , Abdulla Parween , Whyte Peter 
Published: April 2007

AbstractA monoclonal antibody raised against adenovirus E1A‐associated cellular proteins recognized Nek9, a NimA‐related protein kinase. Subcellular fractionation and immunofluorescence indicated that Nek9 was primarily cytoplasmic with a small portion located in the nucleus whereas E1A was primarily nuclear. Although co‐immunoprecipitation experiments indicated that nuclear Nek9 interacted, directly or indirectly, with E1A, the major effect of E1A was to diminish the amount of Nek9 in the nucleus suggesting that E1A alters the subcellular distribution of Nek9 and that the interaction is transient. A Nek9 deletion mutant lacking a central RCC1‐like domain interacted stably with E1A and accumulated in the nucleus in the presence of E1A, possibly representing an intermediate stage of the normally transient Nek9/E1A interaction. The interaction of Nek9 with E1A was dependent on the N‐terminal sequences of E1A. Attempts to stably overexpress either Nek9 or the kinase‐inactive mutant in various cell lines were unsuccessful; however, the presence of E1A allowed stable overexpression of both proteins. These results suggest that E1A disrupts a nuclear function of Nek9. J. Cell. Physiol. 212: 13–25, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Identification of activity‐dependent gene expression profiles reveals specific subsets of genes induced by different routes of Ca2+ entry in cultured rat cortical neurons
Authors: Xiang Guangxin , Pan Liangbin , Xing Wanli , Zhang Liang , Huang Lihua , Yu Jian , Zhang Rui , Wu Jianping , Cheng Jing , Zhou Yuxiang 
Published: April 2007

AbstractNeuronal activity‐dependent gene transcription is a key feature of long‐lasting synaptic strengthening associated with learning and memory, as well as activity‐dependent neuroprotection. To comprehensively determine the molecular alterations, we carried out genome‐wide microarray analysis in cultured rat cortical neurons treated with specific pharmacological agents, a model with alterations in neuronal activity, which were monitored by multi‐site electrophysiological recordings. Of the approximately 27,000 genes, the expression of 248 genes was strongly changed in response to enhanced activity. These genes encompass a large number of members of distinct families, including synaptic vesicle proteins, ion channels, signal transduction molecules, synaptic growth regulators, and others. Two subsets of these genes were further confirmed to be specifically induced by Ca2+ influx through N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate (NMDA) receptors and L‐type voltage‐gated Ca2+ channels (VGCCs). In addition, those genes dynamically regulated by the enhanced activity were also elucidated, as well as those candidate genes associated with synaptic plasticity and neuroprotection. Our findings therefore would help define the molecular mechanisms that occur in response to neuronal activity and identify specific clusters of genes that contribute to activity‐dependent and Ca2+‐inducible modulation of brain development and function. J. Cell. Physiol. 212: 126–136, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Epigenetic inactivation of the metastasis suppressor RECK enhances invasion of human colon cancer cells
Authors: Cho Chun‐Yu , Wang Jui‐Ho , Chang Hui‐Chiu , Chang Chong‐Keng , Hung Wen‐Chun 
Published: April 2007

AbstractDown‐regulation of RECK, an important metastasis suppressor gene, has been found in human colon cancer. However, the molecular mechanism for this down‐ regulation and its biological significance are still unclear. In the present study, we investigated whether down‐regulation of RECK is caused by epigenetic inactivation via promoter methylation and tested the effect of DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitor on RECK expression and cell invasion. The mRNA and protein levels of RECK in colon tumor tissues and their normal counterparts were compared. We found that down‐regulation of RECK was found in 48% of the twenty five tumors analyzed. MSP analysis demonstrated that methylation of RECK promoter was detected in 44% (11/25) of the tumor tissues and a strong correlation between down‐regulation and promoter methylation was found (P = 0.028). Promoter methylation was also found in SW480 and SW620 human colon cancer cell lines. DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitor 5′‐azacytidine reversed promoter methylation, restored RECK expression and suppressed invasion by these two cell lines. Restoration of RECK is critical for 5′‐azacytidine‐mediated suppression of cell invasion because inhibition of RECK by a specific antibody significantly attenuated the anti‐invasive ability of 5′‐azacytidine. Taken together, our results suggest that down‐regulation of the metastasis suppressor RECK in colon cancer is associated with promoter methylation and that a DNMT inhibitor may restore RECK expression to inhibit cell invasion. J. Cell. Physiol. 213: 65–69, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Long‐term effects of fertilization on some soil properties under rainfed soybean‐wheat cropping in the Indian Himalayas
Authors: Prakash Ved , Bhattacharyya Ranjan , Selvakumar Govindan , Kundu Samaresh , Gupta Hari Shanker 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThis study aims to examine the effects of long‐term fertilization and cropping on some chemical and microbiological properties of the soil in a 32 y old long‐term fertility experiment at Almora (Himalayan region, India) under rainfed soybean‐wheat rotation. Continuous annual application of recommended doses of chemical fertilizer and 10 Mg ha–1 FYM on fresh‐weight basis (NPK + FYM) to soybean (Glycine max L.) sustained not only higher productivity of soybean and residual wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) crop, but also resulted in build‐up of total soil organic C (SOC), total soil N, P, and K. Concentration of SOC increased by 40% and 70% in the NPK + FYM–treated plots as compared to NPK (43.1 Mg C ha–1) and unfertilized control plots (35.5 Mg C ha–1), respectively. Average annual contribution of C input from soybean was 29% and that from wheat was 24% of the harvestable aboveground biomass yield. Annual gross C input and annual rate of total SOC enrichment from initial soil in the 0–15 cm layer were 4362 and 333 kg C ha–1, respectively, for the plots under NPK + FYM. It was observed that the soils under the unfertilized control, NK and N + FYM treatments, suffered a net annual loss of 5.1, 5.2, and 15.8 kg P ha–1, respectively, whereas the soils under NP, NPK, and NPK + FYM had net annual gains of 25.3, 18.8, and 16.4 kg P ha–1, respectively. There was net negative K balance in all the treatments ranging from 6.9 kg ha–1 y–1 in NK to 82.4 kg ha–1 y–1 in N + FYM–treated plots. The application of NPK + FYM also recorded the highest levels of soil microbial‐biomass C, soil microbial‐biomass N, populations of viable and culturable soil microbes.
Nutrient deficiencies in lesser yam (Dioscorea esculenta) characterized using constant–water table sand culture
Authors: O'Sullivan Jane N. , Ernest James 
Published: April 2007

AbstractNutritional deficiencies in Dioscorea esculenta (Lour.) Burk were studied using a novel culture system, applying a constant water table in acid‐washed sand, and a demand‐driven nutrient supply schedule. This system provided a stable growth environment and was highly efficient with respect to resources and labor. Yam plants (cv. Balbal) were propagated from 30 g tuber head setts and grown for 12 or 20 weeks, with nutrients supplied in the water reservoir to meet demand according to weekly leaf counts. Deficiencies of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and sulfur were induced by reducing supply of the relevant nutrient to one tenth of normal. Deficiencies of iron, boron, manganese, zinc, copper, and molybdenum were induced by omitting the relevant nutrient from the culture medium. After 12 weeks, leaf blades of the main stem were sampled from four positions (immature, young expanded, mid, and old) weighed and analyzed for nutrient concentration, and dry weight of plant parts was recorded. Significant growth reduction was achieved for each deficiency except Fe, Zn, Cu, and Mo, which nonetheless developed some foliar symptoms. Effects on nutrient concentrations in leaves are reported, providing concentrations indicative of adequate and deficient status. Dioscorea esculenta was found to be particularly sensitive to Mn deficiency, although symptom presentation was atypical. Unusually low translocation of phloem‐mobile nutrients was also observed, paralleling reported observations on D. alata.
Vascular reconstruction with the superficial femoral vein following major oncologic resection
Authors: McKay Andrew , Motamedi Mona , Temple Walley , Mack Lloyd , Moore Randy 
Published: April 2007

AbstractIntroductionInvolvement of critical vascular structures has historically been considered a contraindication to tumor resection. This study describes outcomes following radical oncologic resection with concomitant resection of critical vascular structures and reconstruction with the superficial femoral vein (SFV).MethodsAll patients undergoing radical oncologic resection requiring resection of major vascular structures and concomitant reconstruction using the SFV as conduit were retrospectively reviewed. Primary outcomes were surgical morbidity and mortality; secondary measures included long‐term patency and oncologic outcomes.ResultsSeven patients were included. There were three retroperitoneal and two groin sarcomas, and two squamous cell carcinomas metastatic to groin lymph nodes. No perioperative mortality occurred. Five patients experienced minor morbidity. One vein graft in a patient with pre‐existing chronic deep venous thrombosis (DVT) occluded post‐operatively. No subsequent long‐term venous or arterial graft occlusions occurred (median 20.2 months, range 9.0–49.7). Two patients died of tumor recurrence during follow‐up.ConclusionsResection of tumors involving critical vascular structures is feasible. The SFV conduit is a versatile option for major vascular reconstruction, providing good long‐term patency rates with acceptable morbidity and mortality. Vascular resection and reconstruction with the SFV offers another technique to provide limb‐sparing surgery in patients traditionally offered only amputation, while providing favorable oncologic outcomes. J. Surg. Oncol. 2007;96:151–159. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Combined liver and inferior vena cava resection for hepatic malignancy
Authors: Delis Spiros G. , Madariaga Juan , Ciancio Gaetano 
Published: April 2007

AbstractObjectiveThe experience from a single center, in combined liver and inferior vena cava (IVC) resection for liver tumors, is presented.MethodsTwelve patients underwent a combined liver resection with IVC replacement. The median age was 45 years (range 35–67 years). Resections were carried out for hepatocellular carcinoma (n = 4), colorectal metastases (n = 6), and cholangiocarcinoma (n = 2). Liver resections included eight right lobectomies and four left trisegmentectomies. The IVC was reconstructed with ringed Gore‐Tex tube graft.ResultsNo perioperative deaths were reported. The median operative blood transfusion requirement was 2 units (range 0–12 units) and the median operative time was 5 hr. Median hospital stay was 10 days (range 8–25 days). Three patients had evidence of postoperative liver failure, resolved with supportive management. Two patients developed bile leaks, resolved conservatively. With a median follow up of 24 months, all vascular reconstructions were patent and no evidence of graft infection was documented.ConclusionsAggressive surgical management of liver tumors, offer the only hope for cure or palliation. We suggest that liver resection with vena cava replacement may be performed safely, with acceptable morbidity, by specialized surgical teams. J. Surg. Oncol. 2007;96: 258–264. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ovarian metastasis from colorectal cancer: Prognostic value of radical oophorectomy
Authors: Erroi Francesca , Scarpa Marco , Angriman Imerio , Cecchetto Attilio , Pasetto Lara , Mollica Eleonora , Bettiol Marina , Ruffolo Cesare , Polese Lino , Cillo Umberto , D'Amico Davide F. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractBackgroundOvarian metastases from primary colorectal cancer occur in 3–8% of female patients. The aim of this study was to assess the prognostic value of radical oophorectomy for ovarian metastasis from colorectal cancer.Patients and methodsFrom our series of 859 patients operated for colorectal cancer from 1982 to 2005 ten patients with isolated ovarian metastasis were retrieved. Ovarian colorectal metastasis diagnosis was confirmed by pathology revision. Overall and disease‐free survival after radical oophorectomy for metastases were assessed and compared with literature data.ResultsThe median follow‐up from ovarian metastases resection was 36 months (range 194–14). Survival analysis showed that survival rate after ovarian metastasectomy was 100% at 1 year and 80% at 5 years of follow up.ConclusionOur study, although limited by a relatively short follow‐up and small sample size, shows that bilateral oophorectomy for ovarian metastasis from colorectal cancer has a good impact on disease‐free and overall survival. J. Surg. Oncol. 2007;96:113–117. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The cryosurgical treatment of chondroblastoma of bone: Long‐term oncologic and functional results
Authors: van der Geest Ingrid C. M. , van Noort Marinel P. , Schreuder H.W. Bart , Pruszczynski Maciej , de Rooy Jacky W.J. , Veth René P.H. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractBackgroundChondroblastoma of bone is a rare tumor that occurs most often in the epiphysis or apophysis of long bones. This benign tumor sometimes shows aggressive or malignant behaviour, and rarely metastases occur. Since wide resection often leads to growth impairment, intra‐lesional curettage followed by an adjuvant therapy is developed to decrease the negative effects on growth and function without increased recurrence rates.Patients and MethodsBetween 1980 and 2001, 18 patients were treated for chondroblastoma of bone. Since 1989 cryosurgery has been used as an adjuvant treatment. The functional and oncologic results at follow‐up were studied.ResultsFour patients were treated with curettage, and four with wide resection without adjuvant therapy. One patient developed a local recurrence and distant metastases. Ten patients were treated with curettage and cryosurgery. One patient developed a local recurrence 6 years later that was treated with curettage and cryosurgery again. No serious complications from cryosurgery occurred and the functional results at follow‐up were excellent [mean MSTS score at follow‐up 29].ConclusionsChondroblastoma of bone is a benign tumor with a relatively high recurrence rate. The local recurrence rates can be decreased with cryosurgery as a local adjuvant therapy with excellent functional results. J. Surg. Oncol. 2007;96: 230–234. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hepatectomy and lung radiofrequency ablation for hepatic and subsequent pulmonary metastases from colorectal carcinoma
Authors: Yan Tristan D. , King Julie , Ebrahimi Ardalan , Sjarif Adrian , Glenn Derek , Steinke Karin , Morris David L. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractBackgroundLung radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a relatively safe procedure and may have a useful role in the management of non‐surgical candidates with colorectal pulmonary metastases.MethodsThis study consisted of 30 patients, who had previously undergone hepatectomy for colorectal liver metastases and subsequently developed pulmonary metastases, which were then treated with lung RFA. Lung RFA was performed percutaneously under local anesthesia and conscious sedation. The primary aim of this article was to demonstrate the survival outcome in this particular patient population after lung RFA. The secondary aim was to assess the prognostic indicators for survival after lung RFA.ResultsThe median survival after lung RFA was 32 months, with 3‐year survival rate of 45%. The following four factors were found to significantly influence survival in univariate analysis: size of the largest pulmonary metastasis (P = 0.032), proximity of metastases to major pulmonary vessels (P = 0.003), pre‐lung RFA CEA levels (P = 0.013) and post‐lung RFA CEA levels (P = 0.022).ConclusionsLung RFA may have a useful role in the management of non‐surgical candidates with colorectal pulmonary metastases. J. Surg. Oncol. 2007;96:367–373. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Distribution and patterns of lymph nodes metastases and micrometastases in the mesorectum of rectal cancer
Authors: Zheng Yang‐Chun , Zhou Zong‐Guang , Li Li , Lei Wen‐Zhang , Deng Yi‐Ling , Chen Dai‐Yun , Liu Wei‐Ping 
Published: April 2007

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesFacts buried in the mesorectum remain to be unveiled. This study investigated the number, size, and detailed distribution of lymph nodes metastases and micrometastases within the mesorectum of rectal cancer.MethodsThirty‐one patients who underwent total mesorectal excision (TME) were treated with lymph node revealing solution to retrieve lymph nodes, which were submitted to hematoxylin and eosin (HE) examination and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining.ResultsThe mean number of mesorectal nodes per case was 17.7. The mean size of metastatic, micrometastatic, and isolated tumor cells (ITC) harbored nodes was 5.2 mm, 4.5 mm, and 3.3 mm, respectively. Most of the metastatic (92.1%), micrometastatic and ITC‐involved nodes (69.2%) were located along the superior rectal artery (SRA). Posterior‐wall located tumor might spread along both sides of the mesorectum simultaneously (P = 0.34), while lateral‐wall located tumor spread preferably to ipsolateral side versus contralateral side (P = 0.012).ConclusionMost of the metastases and micrometastases positive lymph nodes were smaller than 5 mm and distributed along the SRA. The patterns of lymph nodes spread were related to the circumferential situation of tumor in the rectal wall. Surgical excision of the rectal cancer should completely remove the whole mesorectum, especially to avoid any damage of the mesorectum on tumor side. J. Surg. Oncol. 2007;96: 213–219. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A role for cyclooxygenase‐2 in ultraviolet light‐induced skin carcinogenesis
Authors: Rundhaug Joyce E. , Mikulec Carol , Pavone Amy , Fischer Susan M. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractNonmelanoma skin cancer is the most prevalent cancer in the United States and its incidence is on the rise. These cancers generally arise on sun‐exposed areas of the body and the ultraviolet (UV) B spectrum of sunlight has been clearly identified as the major carcinogen responsible for skin cancer development. Besides inducing DNA damage directly, UV exposure of the skin induces the expression of the enzyme cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2), which catalyzes the first step in the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins, the primary product in skin being prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). COX‐2 has been shown to be overexpressed in premalignant lesions as well as in nonmelanoma skin cancers in both humans and mice chronically exposed to UV. Through the use of COX‐2‐selective inhibitors and COX‐2 knockout mice, it has been shown that UV‐induced COX‐2 expression plays a major role in UV‐induced PGE2 production, inflammation, edema, keratinocyte proliferation, epidermal hyperplasia, and generation of a pro‐oxidant state leading to oxidative DNA damage. Chronic exposure to UV leads to chronic up‐regulation of COX‐2 expression and chronic inflammation along with the accumulation of DNA damage and mutations, all of which combine to induce malignant changes in epidermal keratinocytes and skin cancers. Both inhibition of COX‐2 activity and reduction in COX‐2 expression by genetic manipulations significantly reduce, while overexpression of COX‐2 in transgenic mice significantly increases UV‐induced skin carcinogenesis. Together these studies demonstrate that COX‐2 expression/activity is critical to the development of UV‐related nonmelanoma skin cancers. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Targeting Bcl‐XL for prevention and therapy of skin cancer
Authors: Zhang Jack , Bowden G. Tim 
Published: April 2007

AbstractApoptosis plays an important role in skin carcinogenesis. Bcl‐XL, an antiapoptotic Bcl‐2 family member, is a key regulator in the process. Aberrant expression of Bcl‐XL allows cells carrying mutations to survive and propagate. Overexpression of Bcl‐XL is correlated with tumor malignancy and invasion. Importantly, deregulation of Bcl‐XL confers drug resistance to chemotherapy. Therefore, targeting Bcl‐XL in combination with conventional chemotherapy is a promising way to pursue cancer chemotherapy. Several compounds targeting Bcl‐XL expression or function have shown their potential in chemoprevention and of chemotherapy of cancer. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.