bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF STRUCTURAL DA'WAH FRIDAY WORSHIP IN GOWA REGENCY IN IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF COMMUNITY PIETY
Authors: Suhardi Suhardi 
Published: February 2025

Structural da'wah is da'wah carried out by the government, to improve the quality of faith of employees and the community, and to create professional and conducive jobs. High faith can encourage employees and the community to increase their piety to Allah. In this study, the role of structural da'wah in improving the quality of community worship in the Gowa district will be revealed. The type of research is qualitative research using the da'wah science approach. The sources of data for this research are scholars, umara, employees, and the community. The data collection methods used are observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of this study show that: the da'wah program of Friday worship in Gowa district is effective in improving the spiritual quality of the community. In the field of faith, mad'u is to stay away from superstition, bid'ah, and superstition. In the field of worship, namely the spirit of mad'u in prospering mosques and mushallahs, both congregational obligatory prayers and sunnah prayers, the more active in dhikr, and actively reading the Qur'an.
Pola Pertumbuhan Akar Timun di Polybag: Implikasinya pada Penyerapan Nutrisi dan Ketahanan Hidup
Authors: Perti Citra Damarni Waruwu  , Della Howu Howu Zendrato  , Joy Blesswan Endiyanti Mendrofa  , Karisman Putra Gulo  , Natalia Kristiani Lase  
Published: February 2025

This study aims to explore the root growth patterns of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) cultivated in a polybag system, and examine the implications for nutrient absorption efficiency and plant survival. The method used was a systematic literature review, with narrative analysis of recent studies in the last five years. Data were analyzed to identify the relationship between root architecture, growing medium, and nutrient absorption efficiency. The results showed that the polybag system, with its limited root growing space, promoted adaptation of root growth patterns, including an increase in lateral root density and a reduction in primary root length. Coconut fiber- and vermiculite-based growing media were shown to increase nutrient absorption capacity by up to 30%, while inoculation of rhizosphere microorganisms, such as mycorrhiza, increased phosphorus use efficiency by up to 25%. In addition, optimal root zone temperature plays an important role in supporting root metabolic activities. The conclusion of this study confirms that optimizing root growth patterns through growing media, temperature management, and utilization of microorganisms can significantly increase the productivity of cucumber plants. These findings provide a basis for developing more efficient and sustainable cultivation strategies in modern horticultural systems.
Pembentukan Ahlakul Karimah Siswa Melalui Pengembangan Madrasah Diniyah: Pengabdian Masyarakat Desa Gunungan Kabupaten Mojokerto
Authors: Safi'i Imam 
Published: February 2025

Tulisan ini berisi laporan pengabdian masyarakat yang dilaksanakan dengan mernggunakan metode PAR. Metode ini diterapkan sebagai upaya untuk bisa memberikan problem-solving bagi mitra komunitas yang telah mengalami problematika pendidikan sebagaima yang disajikan diatas. Tujuannya untuk meningkatkan adanya pemahaman peserta didik melalui pendampingan terhadap beberapa materi sekolah yang selama ini dilaksanakan ditingkat TPO serta membentuk karakter santri melalui keberadaan Madin didesa Gunungan Mojokerto. Beberapa materi yang harus difahami tersebut pada intinya terbagi menjadi dua sub pengetahuan yaitu pengetahuan agama dan skil pada peserta didik. Hasil pelaksanaan pengabdian dari sinergisitas perguruan tinggi melalui pendampingan belajar siswa menunjukkan: (1) Pendampingan belajar bahasa asing membantu mereka untuk menulis dan berbicara dengan bahasa asing (2) Pendampingan belajara pengetahuan agama sangat membantu peserta didik untuk mendapatkan pengetahuan tersebut buahnys hanya ranah kognitif saja namun hingga ranah afetif dan psikomotorik. (3) Dengan adanya pendampingan yang diberikan oleh tim pengabdi sebagai upaya didalam kegiatan belajar – mengajar terhadap siswa-siswi melalui keberadaan Madin sangatlah membantu mereka.
Physical Activity in Multiple Sclerosis: Real-World Data From Saskatchewan, Canada
Authors: Knox Katherine B. , Islam Akhtarul , Le Thuy , Donkers Sarah J. , Evans Charity , Lim Hyun J. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:
Physical activity guidelines for multiple sclerosis (MS) were first published in 2013. Physical activity is safe and beneficial in MS, yet it is unclear if physical activity levels are changing in real-world settings.

METHODS:
The primary objective of this study is to determine if the physical activity levels of people with MS are changing. Between September 1, 2014, and February 22, 2022, when people first accessed a provincial MS drugs program in Saskatchewan, Canada, they were invited to complete the Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire by mail. Scatter plots of total physical activity (TPA) and health contribution (HC) scores were generated from each person's questionnaire. Multivariable linear regression explored associations and interactions between disease-modifying treatment (DMT), sex, age, age at MS onset, and disease duration on physical activity level.

RESULTS:
The response rate was 50.8% (505 responses from 993 requests). Of the respondents, 69.7% were female; the mean age was 42.8 (± 11.5) years; median MS disease duration was 6.0 years (IQR, 2.0-14.0); and 47.4% had prior DMT exposure. There was no significant change in physical activity levels of new registrants over 7 years (regression slopes TPA: 0.71, P = .26; HC: 0.61, P = .21). Men reported higher physical activity levels than women (TPA: β = 11.95; P &lt; .001; HC: β = 6.65; P &lt; .001). There were interactions between age and disease duration on activity scores (TPA: β = 0.03; P = .003; HC: β = 0.03; P &lt; .001). DMT exposure was not associated with physical activity.

CONCLUSIONS:
Physical activity levels of people with MS remained suboptimal for health benefits over a 7-year period. Future research should include how to use physical activity guidelines to impact real-world activity levels.
Genome-wide survey and expression analysis of the OMT gene family in Stephania japonica
Authors: Bi Zenghao , He Tianxing , Liang Yuting , Zhou Changqing , Yu Yuetong , Leng Liang 
Published: February 2025

Background
O-methyltransferase (OMT) is an important rate-limiting enzyme that plays a vital role in synthesizing various key metabolites, such as benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIA). Nevertheless, there is a dearth of extensive research on the analysis of the OMT gene family in Stephania japonica, a main source of cepharanthine with an anti-coronavirus effect.

Methods
Two OMT family genes, SjCCoAOMT and SjCOMT, were identified from the high-quality genome of S. japonica during this investigation. Further analysis of SjCCoAOMT and SjCOMT genes involved chromosome distribution, gene structure, phylogenetic relationship, conserved motif, expression profile, quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) experiments an d cis-acting elements analysis.

Results
There are six SjCCoAOMT members and fifty-two SjCOMT members in the genome of S. japonica, which are unevenly distributed on 11 chromosomes. OMTs could be clustered into SjCCoAOMT and SjCOMT subfamilies through phylogenetic relationship, consistent with the conserved motif and gene structure analysis results. The expression profile revealed SjCOMT11 and SjCOMT13 showed specific expression levels mainly in root. SjCOMT21, SjCOMT33 and SjCOMT37 were significantly expressed in the root and slightly expressed in the stem, bud and leaf. SjCOMT15 and SjCOMT45 were not only significantly expressed in root, but also expressed highly in leaf. Significantly enhanced expression of SjCOMT11, SjCOMT13, SjCOMT15, SjCOMT21, SjCOMT33, SjCOMT37, and SjCOMT45 suggested these OMTs are essential for cepharanthine synthesis in the S. japonica roots. Cis-acting element analysis revealed the potential roles of OMTs in S. japonica in growth, development, and resistance to stress. These findings provide insight into understanding the functions and characterization of OMTs from S. japonica and lay a foundation for further revealing the role of the OMT genes in the biosynthesis of cepharanthine.
Microplastic effects on mouse colon in normal and colitis conditions: A literature review
Authors: Zolotova Natalia , Dzhalilova Dzhuliia , Tsvetkov Ivan , Silina Maria , Fokichev Nikolai , Makarova Olga 
Published: February 2025

Background
Taking into account the global spread of microplastic (MP) pollution, the problem of the MP impact on human health is relevant. MP enters the organism predominantly with water and food, and is mostly detected in the large intestine. Therefore, the connection between MP pollution and the increase in colitis is an important question. In order to assess the toxic and pathogenetic effects of MP, experimental studies were actively conducted during recent years, mainly on laboratory mice.

Objectives
The aim of our review was to summarize and systematize the data on the MP effect on mice colon under normal conditions and during colitis in order to assess the role of MP in the development of intestinal diseases. This manuscript could be relevant for ecologists, experimental biologists, and physicians dealing with problems related to anthropogenic environmental changes and inflammatory bowel diseases.

Survey Methodology
The search was conducted based on PubMed data about original experimental studies of the MP effects on the colon of healthy mice and mice with colitis.

Results
In healthy mice colon, MP can cause oxidative stress, increased permeability, immune cell infiltration, production of proinflammatory factors, and decreased mucus production. MP affects proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation of epithelial cells, expression of tight junction components and glycocalyx, membrane transport, signaling pathways, metabolome, and intestinal microflora composition. In mice with acute and chronic experimental colitis, MP consumption leads to a more pronounced pathological process course.

Conclusions
MP may be one of the factors contributing to the development of colitis in humans. However, further research is needed.
Clinical Value of Molecular Targets and FDA-Approved Genome-Targeted Cancer Therapies
Authors: Tibau Ariadna , Hwang Thomas J. , Molto Consolacion , Avorn Jerry , Kesselheim Aaron S. 
Published: April 2024

ImportanceThe number of new genome-targeted cancer drugs has increased, offering the possibility of personalized therapy, often at a very high cost.ObjectiveTo assess the validity of molecular targets and therapeutic benefits of US Food and Drug Administration–approved genome-targeted cancer drugs based on the outcomes of their corresponding pivotal clinical trials.Design and SettingsIn this cohort study, all genome-targeted cancer drugs that were FDA-approved between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2022, were analyzed. From FDA drug labels and trial reports, key characteristics of pivotal trials were extracted, including the outcomes assessed.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe strength of evidence supporting molecular targetability was assessed using the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Scale for Clinical Actionability of Molecular Targets (ESCAT). Clinical benefit for their approved indications was evaluated using the ESMO–Magnitude of Clinical Benefit Scale (ESMO-MCBS). Substantial clinical benefit was defined as a grade of A or B for curative intent and 4 or 5 for noncurative intent. Molecular targets qualifying for ESCAT category level I-A and I-B associated with substantial clinical benefit by ESMO-MCBS were rated as high-benefit genomic-based cancer treatments.ResultsA total of 50 molecular-targeted drugs covering 84 indications were analyzed. Forty-five indications (54%) were approved based on phase 1 or phase 2 pivotal trials, 45 (54%) were supported by single-arm pivotal trials, and 48 (57%) were approved on the basis of subgroup analyses. By each indication, 46 of 84 primary end points (55%) were overall response rate (median [IQR] overall response rate, 57% [40%-69%]; median [IQR] duration of response, 11.1 [9.2-19.8] months). Among the 84 pivotal trials supporting these 84 indications, 38 trials (45%) had I-A ESCAT targetability, and 32 (38%) had I-B targetability. Overall, 24 of 84 trials (29%) demonstrated substantial clinical benefit via ESMO-MCBS. Combining these ratings, 24 of 84 indications (29%) were associated with high-benefit genomic-based cancer treatments.Conclusions and RelevanceThe results of this cohort study demonstrate that among recently approved molecular-targeted cancer therapies, fewer than one-third demonstrated substantial patient benefits at approval. Benefit frameworks such as ESMO-MCBS and ESCAT can help physicians, patients, and payers identify therapies with the greatest clinical potential.
Trends in Oral Tongue Cancer Incidence in the US
Authors: Burus Todd , Damgacioglu Haluk , Huang Bin , Christian W. Jay , Hull Pamela C. , Ellis Amanda R. , Arnold Susanne M. , Deshmukh Ashish A. , Lang Kuhs Krystle A. 
Published: April 2024

ImportanceOral tongue cancer (OTC) incidence has increased rapidly among young (&amp;lt;50 years) non-Hispanic White individuals in the US during the past 2 decades; however, it is unknown if age-associated trajectories have persisted.ObjectiveTo examine US trends in OTC incidence and project future case burden.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional analysis of OTC incidence trends used the US Cancer Statistics Public Use Database, which covers approximately 98% of the US population, and included individuals with an OTC diagnosis reported to US cancer registries between January 1, 2001, and December 31, 2019.ExposuresSex, race and ethnicity, and age.Main Outcomes and MeasuresEstimated average annual percentage change in OTC incidence from 2001 to 2019. Given the substantial incidence rate increases among non-Hispanic White individuals compared with those of racial and ethnic minority groups, subsequent analyses were restricted to non-Hispanic White individuals. Forecasted OTC incidence trends and case burden among non-Hispanic White individuals to 2034.ResultsThere were 58 661 new cases of OTC identified between 2001 and 2019. Male individuals (57.6%), non-Hispanic White individuals (83.7%), those aged 60 years or older (58.0%), and individuals with localized stage disease at diagnosis (62.7%) comprised most cases. OTC incidence increased across all age, sex, and racial and ethnic groups, with marked increases observed among non-Hispanic White individuals (2.9% per year; 95% CI, 2.2%-3.7%). Increases among female individuals aged 50 to 59 years were most notable and significantly outpaced increases among younger non-Hispanic White female individuals (4.8% per year [95% CI, 4.1%-5.4%] vs 3.3% per year [95% CI, 2.7%-3.8%]). While all non-Hispanic White birth cohorts from 1925 to 1980 saw sustained increases, rates stabilized among female individuals born after 1980. Should trends continue, the burden of new OTC cases among non-Hispanic White individuals in the US is projected to shift more toward older individuals (from 33.1% to 49.3% among individuals aged 70 years or older) and female individuals (86% case increase vs 62% among male individuals).Conclusions and RelevanceThe results of this cross-sectional study suggest that the period of rapidly increasing OTC incidence among younger non-Hispanic White female individuals in the US is tempering and giving way to greater increases among older female individuals, suggesting a birth cohort effect may have been associated with previously observed trends. Recent increases among non-Hispanic White individuals 50 years or older of both sexes have matched or outpaced younger age groups. Continuing increases among older individuals, particularly female individuals, may be associated with a shift in the OTC patient profile over time.
Deciphering the Drug Delivery Potential of Milk Exosome Nanovesicles for Aminobenzylpenicillin Therapeutic Efficacy against Contagious Staphylococcus Aureus in Bovine Mastitis
Authors: Kumar Jitendra , Onteru Suneel Kumar , Singh Dheer 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe emergence of antimicrobial resistance and failure of antibiotic treatment are challenging tasks for managing bovine mastitis, which is mainly caused by the contagious Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus).To overcome these difficulties, there is an urgent need for a novel drug system. In the present study, the aim is to develop next‐generation therapeutics against S. aureus by harnessing the drug delivery potential of milk nanovesicles called milk exosomes (mENs). In the present work, a drug system is developed by encapsulating aminobenzylpenicillin (AMP) in mENs (mENs‐AMP). Electron microscopy and zeta‐sizer results indicate that the size of mENs‐AMP ranged from 55.79 ± 2.8 to 85.53 ± 7.4 nm. The AMP loading efficiency in mENs is 88.61% with its sustained release. Fluorescence spectroscopy results indicated that mENs are biocompatible with mammary epithelial cells. In vitro studies show that the antibacterial activity and the minimum inhibitory concentrations of mENs‐AMP are eleven times greater and four times lower than that of unencapsulated AMP, respectively. The mENs‐AMP exhibit significantly higher therapeutic efficacy than AMP at the same dosage and treatment frequency. Validation of this approach is demonstrated in mastitis‐affected animals through an observation in the reduction of somatic cell counts and bacterial loads in the milk of treated animals.
Peptide Mimics of the Cysteine‐Rich Regions of HapX and SreA Bind a [2Fe‐2S] Cluster In Vitro
Authors: Rossetto Daniele , Sebastianelli Lorenzo , Oberegger Simon , Todorovic Smilja , Haas Hubertus , Mansy Sheref S. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHapX and SreA are transcription factors that regulate the response of the fungus Aspergillus fumigatus to the availability of iron. During iron starvation, HapX represses genes involved in iron consuming pathways and upon a shift to iron excess, HapX activates these same genes. SreA blocks the expression of genes needed for iron uptake during periods of iron availability. Both proteins possess cysteine‐rich regions (CRR) that are hypothesized to be necessary for the sensing of iron levels. However, the contribution of each of these domains to the function of the protein has remained unclear. Here, the ability of peptide analogs of each CRR is determined to bind an iron‐sulfur cluster in vitro. UV–vis and resonance Raman (RR) spectroscopies reveal that each CRR is capable of coordinating a [2Fe‐2S] cluster with comparable affinities. The iron–sulfur cluster coordinated to the CRR‐B domain of HapX displays particularly high stability. The data are consistent with HapX and SreA mediating responses to cellular iron levels through the direct coordination of [2Fe‐2S] clusters. The high stability of the CRR‐B peptide may also find use as a starting point for the development of new green catalysts.
Construction of Au/ZnWO4/CdS Ternary Photocatalysts with Oxygen Vacancy Modification for Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production
Authors: Wu Wenli , Zhang Nan , Wang Yuhua 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRational design and optimization of the photocatalyst architecture, aimed at effectively enhancing light absorption and accelerating charge separation and transfer, can lead to the accomplishment of sustainable photocatalytic hydrogen production. In this study, a ternary system of Au/ZnWO4/CdS is prepared with oxygen vacancy modification through a combination of hydrothermal, chemical precipitation, and photochemical deposition methods. The addition of CdS and Au nanoparticles significantly enhances the light absorption range of ZnWO4 (ZWO) and creates more active sites for hydrogen production. The type‐II engineered heterojunction, in combination with Au as a cocatalyst, is a viable and efficient method for enhancing the separation and transport of electron–hole pairs, thereby facilitating the effective precipitation of hydrogen through photocatalysis. 5A10ZC exhibits a hydrogen production rate of 5483.62 µmol g−1 h−1, which is 167 times higher than that of unmodified ZWO and 29 times higher than that of pure CdS. In addition, it exhibits excellent cycle stability in the hydrogen production cycle stability test. The photoelectrochemical test results show that the construction of the system improves the separation and transfer efficiency of photogenerated carriers. This study provides a new inspiration for the construction of high‐performance photocatalytic materials.
Broadband Artificial Tetrachromatic Synaptic Devices Composed of 2D/3D Integrated WSe2‐GaN‐based Dual‐Channel Floating Gate Transistors
Authors: Su Zijia , Yan Yong , Sun Maorong , Xuan Zihao , Cheng Hengxiao , Luo Dongyang , Gao Zhixiang , Yu Huabin , Zhang Haochen , Zuo Chengjie , Sun Haiding 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe development of artificial tetrachromatic vision holds great potential to enhance human color perception and discrimination, thereby enabling more effective navigation in diverse environments. Herein, an artificial tetrachromatic synaptic device is presented built upon 2D‐3D vertically stacked semiconductors composed of tungsten diselenide (WSe2)‐gallium nitride (GaN) configuration, forming a dual‐channel floating gate transistor (FGT). Under the concerted influence of electrical and optical stimulation, the device successfully mimics fundamental tetrachromatic synaptic behaviors, including short‐term potentiation (STP), weak long‐term potentiation (wLTP), long‐term potentiation (LTP), paired‐pulse facilitation (PPF), spike number‐dependent plasticity (SNDP), and spike rate‐dependent plasticity (SRDP). Notably, the plasticity of the device can be further modulated under ultraviolet (UV) stimulation, providing insights into the modulation of synaptic plasticity through the photogenerated carrier dynamics in the GaN channel. These results imply that WSe2‐GaN‐based FGT architecture with dual‐channel characteristics seamlessly integrates optical sensing and synaptic simulation functionalities, representing a promising avenue for the development of next‐generation artificial visual perception systems (AVPS), with a particular advantage for the pursuit of high‐performance artificial tetrachromatic neuromorphic computing applications of the future.