bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evolution of oxidative stress parameters and response to oral vitamins E and C in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Authors: Rupérez Francisco J , García-Martínez Diana , Baena Beatriz , Maeso Nuria , Cifuentes Alejandro , Barbas Coral , Herrera Emilio 
Published: June 2008

AbstractType I diabetes in humans and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes in rats has been associated with oxidative stress, but antioxidant therapy has given contradictory results, in part related to the absence of common conditions used to evaluate in-vivo antioxidant properties. This prompted the study of an experimental model of antioxidant therapy in STZ-treated rats. Adult female rats received STZ (50 mgkg−1) and were studied 7 or 14 days later. Adipose tissue weight progressively decreased with the time of treatment, whereas plasma triglycerides increased at 7 days, before returning to control values at 14 days after STZ treatment. STZ diabetic rats had increased plasma thiobarbituric acid reacting substances and α-tocopherol levels, but the latter variable was decreased when corrected for total lipids. STZ diabetic rats showed a higher GSSG/GSH ratio at Day 14 and lower GSH + GSSG at Day 7 in liver. To evaluate the effect of short-term antioxidant therapy, rats received 5 doses of vitamins C and E over 3 days before being killed on Day 14. Treatment with antioxidants decreased plasma lactic acid and thiobarbituric acid reacting substances, as well as urine 8-isoprostane, and decreased plasma uric acid in controls. Vitamins increased the plasma α-tocopherol/lipids ratio only in control rats, although the plasma and liver α-tocopherol concentration increased in both groups. STZ diabetic rats showed moderate oxidative stress and treatment with antioxidant vitamins caused a significant change in a selected group of oxidative stress markers, which reflected an improvement in some of the complications associated with this disease. The present experimental conditions can be used as a sensitive experimental model to study the responsiveness of diabetes to other antioxidant interventions.
Glycine decreases developmental damage induced by hyperglycaemia in mouse embryos
Authors: Martínez-Galero E , Paniagua-Castro N , Pérez-Pastén R , Madrigal-Bujaidar E , Chamorro-Cevallos G 
Published: June 2008

AbstractHyperglycaemia induces neural tube defects and growth retardation in cultured mouse and rat embryos. In this study the possibility that glycine could prevent hyperglycaemia-induced embryopathy was researched. Early somite mouse embryos were cultured in normal medium, hyperglycaemic medium (50 mmol L−1 glucose), or with glycine (1 mmol L−1) supplementation of normal and hyperglycaemic rat serum for 48 h. The embryo growth and differentiation were determined to estimate developmental and congenital malformations as well as lipid peroxidation levels. Adding glycine to the control culture medium did not affect embryonic development. Whereas the amino acid protected against telencephalon dysmorphogenesis, the decreased DNA content and number of somites, and the morphological score affectation induced by the hyperglycaemic medium, it had no preventive effect on the retarded differentiation of the otic system. Moreover, it prevented the high hyperglycaemia-induced lipoperoxidation levels of embryonic tissues. Embryos were partially protected from the hyperglycaemia-induced teratogenesis due to the antioxidative effect of glycine. As no other mechanisms related to the antiglycation or other protective effects of glycine were examined, the mechanism whereby it acted as an antiteratogenic agent needs further study.
Bioassay-guided isolation of an anti-ulcer diterpenoid from Croton reflexifolius: role of nitric oxide, prostaglandins and sulfhydryls
Authors: Reyes-Trejo Benito , Sánchez-Mendoza María Elena , Becerra-García Anabel Ariana , Cedillo-Portugal Ernestina , Castillo-Henkel Carlos , Arrieta Jesús 
Published: June 2008

Abstract
Croton reflexifolius H. B. K (Euphorbiaceae) is a very common medicinal plant in the Huastecan region of Mexico that, according to local folk medicine, is considered useful in the treatment of gastritis and gastric ulcer. We have aimed to test the validity of this practice by using the experimental model of an ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in male Wistar rats. The results showed that C. reflexifolius had gastroprotector activity, that the hexane extract had the highest protective activity (64.38 ± 7.72%), and that polyalthic acid isolated from this extract was the main active gastroprotector agent. Rats treated orally with polyalthic acid showed a gastroprotective effect similar to that elicited by carbenoxolone. As with carbenoxolone, the effect elicited by polyalthic acid was attenuated by pretreatment with either NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (70 mgkg−1, i.p.), a nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor, or N-ethylmaleimide (10 mgkg−1, s.c.), a blocker of sulfhydryl groups. This suggested that the gastroprotective mechanism of this diterpenoid involved the participation of both NO and endogenous sulfhydryl groups. Contrary to carbenoxolone, the gastroprotective effect of polyalthic acid was not affected by the inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis with indometacin (10 mgkg−1, s. c.). In conclusion, Croton reflexifolius contains compounds with gastroprotector activity. Polyalthic acid, which was isolated from this plant, was the main compound with gastroprotector activity, having effectiveness similar to that found with the use of carbenoxolone. Whereas NO and sulfhydryl groups were involved in the mechanisms of gastroprotective action of polyalthic acid, prostaglandins were not.
Development of Novel Near-Field Microspectroscopy and Imaging of Local Excitations and Wave Functions of Nanomaterials
Authors: Imura Kohei , Okamoto Hiromi 
Published: June 2008

Abstract
We have developed novel methods of near-field microspectroscopy by combining near-field optical microscopy with linear and non-linear optical techniques. The developed near-field microscope achieves high spatial resolution and high time resolution, and is applied to studies of local excitations and wave functions of single noble metal nanoparticles. We demonstrate that the plasmon wave functions and the optical fields in the vicinity of nanoparticles are visualized by the near-field methods. Based on these results, we clearly show that localized electromagnetic field enhancement in the vicinity of nanoparticles is one of the most important factors in surface-enhanced spectroscopies. We also extended the methods to ultrafast optical measurements, and show space-resolved ultrafast transient response of single gold nanorods. The characteristic spatio-temporal features observed in the nanorods are revealed to be arising from the changes of the plasmon-mode wave functions upon elevation of photo-induced electronic temperature of the nanorod.
Monte Carlo Study of First-Order Phase Transitions of a Bulk Lennard–Jones Fluid System in the Isobaric–Multithermal Ensemble
Authors: Muguruma Chizuru , Okamoto Yuko 
Published: June 2008

Abstract
A Monte Carlo (MC) simulation in the isobaric–multithermal (MUTH) ensemble has been carried out for a bulk Lennard–Jones fluid system that consists of 108 particles to investigate the validity of the algorithm. After we obtain the best estimate of the MUTH (isobaric–multithermal) weight factor, the probability distributions, the expectation values of some physical quantities, and the radial distribution functions are calculated for the temperature range between T*=0.417 and 1.00 under the pressure of P*=2.42×10−3 from the MUTH MC production run by adopting reweighting techniques. The thermodynamic quantities exhibit the characteristics of first-order phase transitions at T*=0.726, which correspond to the transition from face-centered-cubic (f.c.c.) solid to liquid by judging from the radial distribution functions and the snapshots. The obtained contour representation of the probability distribution at T*=0.726 and P*=2.42×10−3 shows two distinct configurational spaces. The changes in thermodynamic quantities at the phase-transition temperature of Lennard–Jones argon (at 87 K under 1 atm) were also compared with those of real argon.
Liquid Junction Potential between Electrolyte Solutions in Different Solvents Studied by Use of Mixed Solvent/Pure Solvent Junctions
Authors: Izutsu Kosuke 
Published: June 2008

Abstract
Of the three components of the liquid junction potential between electrolyte solutions in different solvents, the component due to the interaction between different solvents (component (c)) was studied using mixed solvent/pure solvent junctions. According to our model of component (c), the component at a mixed solvent/pure solvent junction should vary linearly with the volume fraction of the mixed solvent. We previously confirmed this experimentally. However, there are exceptional cases in which nonlinear (curved) relationships are observed. In the present work, I found that most of the curved relationships are obtained for mixtures between an amphiprotic solvent (water, formamide, or N-methylformamide) and an aprotic solvent of very low acceptor number (N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, acetone, or hexamethylphosphoric triamide). In contrast, for an aprotic solvent of moderate acceptor number (nitromethane, dimethyl sulfoxide, acetonitrile, or propylene carbonate), linear or near-linear relationships are observed. The observed curved relationships were concluded to be due to that the structure-forming amphiprotic solvent is more likely to and the aprotic solvent less likely to settle at the interphasial region than in the bulk, because the dipolar molecules of the aprotic solvent of very low acceptor number have a vague positive charge-center.
In Situ Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance Measurement of Au Deposition and Dissolution in Room-Temperature Ionic Liquid Containing Chloride Ion
Authors: Oyama Taku , Okajima Takeyoshi , Ohsaka Takeo , Yamaguchi Shuichiro , Oyama Noboru 
Published: June 2008

Abstract
In-site gold electro-deposition and electro-dissolution have been examined using polycrystalline gold-coated quartz crystal electrode in a room-temperature ionic liquid of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (EMIBF4). In EMIBF4 media containing 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, the species of AuI (probably [AuICl2]−) resulting from the electrochemical oxidation of the Au surface was very stable and a reversible voltammetric response of the AuI/Au0 couple was observed at 0.25 V vs. Ag wire quasi-reference electrode (Ag(QRE)). In situ electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) technique combined with cyclic voltammetry, double potential-step chronoamperometry and double potential-step chronocoulometry has been successfully applied to investigate the cathodic deposition of AuI ion to Au metal and the anodic dissolution of Au from the Au electrode surface. It was found that the frequency change of quartz crystal electrode during the electrolysis can be interpreted in terms of rigid mass changes based on the Sauerbrey equation. The EQCM analysis of the electro-dissolution and electro-deposition of Au in the potential range of −0.60 to 0.50 V vs. Ag(QRE) gave the molecular mass equivalent of Au (197 g mol−1) corresponding to a one-electron reduction and oxidation of the AuI/Au0 redox couple.
Volume Effect of Alkyl Chains on Organization of Ionic Self-Assemblies toward Hexagonal Columnar Mesophases
Authors: Noguchi Takao , Kishikawa Keiki , Kohmoto Shigeo 
Published: June 2008

Abstract
Upon ionic complexation of tris(2-aminoethyl)amine and di- or trialkoxybenzoic acids with normal and branched chains, hexagonal columnar mesophases were generated. The two parameters, the length and the cross-sectional area of the alkyl chains, were investigated to unveil the volume effect of the alkyl chains on the formation and stabilization of the columnar mesophases. The thermal stabilities of the columnar phases were strongly depended on the molar ratio of the acids to the amine. The highest clearing temperature (the most stable mesophase) was obtained at a ratio specific to the alkyl chain volume, not necessarily stoichiometric. We estimated the packing fraction (Vcomp⁄Vcell) on the basis of the volume of the ionic complexes at these particular ratios (Vcomp) and that of the unit cell of the Colhex phases (Vcell). The most suitable packing fractions for the Colhex phases of the present ammonium carboxylates were estimated to be in a range of 0.63–0.66.
Approximate homogeneity is not a local property
Authors: Dădărlat Marius , Eilers Søren 
Published: June 2008

Abstract
It is shown that the AH algebras satisfy a certain splitting property at the level of K-theory with torsion coefficients. The splitting property is used to prove the following:
There are locally homogeneous C*-algebras which are not AH algebras.The class of AH algebras is not closed under countable inductive limits.There are real rank zero split quasidiagonal extensions of AH algebras which are not AH algebras.
On the K-theory of elliptic curves
Authors: Knudson Kevin P 
Published: June 2008

Abstract
Let A be the coordinate ring of an affine elliptic curve (over an infinite field k) of the form X – {p}, where X is projective and p is a closed point on X. Denote by F the function field of X. We show that the image of H.(GL2 (A), ℤ) in H.(GL2 (F), ℤ) coincides with the image of H.(GL2 (k), ℤ). As a consequence, we obtain numerous results about the K-theory of A and X. For example, if k is a number field, we show that r2 (K2 (A) ⊗ ℚ) = 0, where rm denotes the mth level of the rank filtration.
Manifestation of a Chiral Smectic C Phase in Diphenylbutadiene‐Cored Bolaamphiphilic Sugars
Authors: Das Suresh , Gopinathan Narayan , Abraham Shibu , Jayaraman Narayanaswamy , Singh Madan K. , Prasad S. Krishna , Rao D. S. Shankar 
Published: June 2008

AbstractA series of symmetrical bolaamphiphiles possessing a diphenylbutadiene core and glucopyranoside head groups linked together by oligomethylene spacers, were synthesized and their thermotropic liquid crystalline properties investigated by polarized light optical microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, X‐ray diffraction and electro‐optic switching. In spite of the presence of chiral centers, amphiphilic sugars in general do not exhibit macroscopic chirality and this phenomenon is attributed to strong hydrogen bonding between sugar head groups resulting in microphase‐segregated layer like arrangements. In the present study all the molecules investigated exhibited the smectic C* phase, i.e., tilted lamellar phase with macroscopic chiral ordering of the molecules. The stability of this phase increased with increase in the length of the oligomethylene spacers. Whereas for derivatives with spacers containing ≤4 methylene groups, the smectic C* phase was observed only in the cooling phase, for those containing spacers with ≥5 methylene groups this phase was observed both in the heating and cooling cycles. The absorption and fluorescence spectra of these materials suggest that the unusual observation of macroscopic chirality in these bolaamphiphiles containing free hydroxyl groups could be attributed to self‐aggregating behavior of the diphenylbutadiene core.
Combined pure red cell aplasia and autoimmune hemolytic anemia in systemic lupus erythematosus with anti‐erythropoietin autoantibodies
Authors: Hara Akinori , Wada Takashi , Kitajima Shinji , Toyama Tadashi , Okumura Toshiya , Kitagawa Kiyoki , Iwata Yasunori , Sakai Norihiko , Furuichi Kengo , Higuchi Masato , Kaneko Shuichi 
Published: June 2008

AbstractA 42‐year‐old woman with systemic lupus erythematosus was admitted to our hospital because of severe anemia. Her bone marrow was almost normocellular and erythroblasts were nearly absent. Laboratory data showed elevated levels of lactate dehydrogenase and positive findings on Coombs' tests. On the basis of these findings, her anemia was diagnosed as the overlap of pure red cell aplasia with autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Radioimmunoprecipitation assay revealed that her serum was positive for anti‐erythropoietin antibodies before therapy. Furthermore, the autoantibodies inhibited proliferation of an erythropoietin‐dependent cell line in a dose‐dependent manner. Immunosuppressive treatment improved the anemia accompanied with disappearance of the autoantibodies. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Am. J. Hematol., 2008.
Gene expression study on peripheral blood identifies progranulin mutations
Authors: Coppola Giovanni , Karydas Anna , Rademakers Rosa , Wang Qing , Baker Matt , Hutton Mike , Miller Bruce L. , Geschwind Daniel H. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractPeripheral blood is a readily available tissue source allowing relatively noninvasive screening for a host of medical conditions. We screened total‐blood progranulin (PGRN) levels in 107 patients with neurodegenerative dementias and related conditions, and 36 control subjects, and report the following findings: (1) confirmation of high progranulin expression levels in peripheral blood; (2) two subjects with reduced progranulin levels and mutations in the PGRN gene confirmed by direct sequencing; and (3) greater PGRN messenger RNA levels in patients with clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. This proof‐of‐principle report supports the use of gene quantification as diagnostic screen for PGRN mutations and suggests a potential role for progranulin in Alzheimer's disease. Ann Neurol 2008.
Consensus of multi‐agent linear dynamic systems
Authors: Wang Jinhuan , Cheng Daizhan , Hu Xiaoming 
Published: June 2008

AbstractIn this paper the consensus problem is considered for multi‐agent systems, in which all agents have an identical linear dynamic mode that can be of any order. The main result is that if the adjacent topology of the graph is frequently connected then the consensus is achievable via local‐information‐based decentralized controls, provided that the linear dynamic mode is completely controllable. Consequently, many existing results become particular cases of this general result. In this paper, the case of fixed connected topology is discussed first. Then the case of switching connected topology is considered. Finally, the general case is studied where the graph topology is switching and only connected often enough. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society
Comparison of three orientation agreement strategies in self‐propelled particle systems with turn angle restrictions in synchronous and asynchronous settings
Authors: Samiloglu Andaç T. , Gazi Veysel , Koku A. Bugra 
Published: June 2008

AbstractIn this study, we compare three different orientation agreement strategies of multi‐agent/particle systems under different conditions. We investigate the behavior of multi‐agent systems utilizing these strategies with different combinations of the following properties: (i) the multi‐agent systems may be synchronous or asynchronous, (ii) they may travel in bounded or unbounded regions and (iii) the mobile agents may have turning speed restrictions. The agents/particles are assumed to move with constant speed and update their orientation of motion based on three different strategies. Based on these strategies, simulations are performed and the effects on the clustering performance are investigated. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society
Butanol, ‘a superior biofuel’ production from agricultural residues (renewable biomass): recent progress in technology
Authors: Qureshi Nasib , Ezeji Thaddeus C. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractThis article reviews bioconversion of plant materials such as wheat straw (WS), corn stover (CS), barley straw (BS), and switchgrass (SG) to butanol and process technology that converts these materials into this superior biofuel. Successful fermentation of low‒value WS makes butanol fermentation economically attractive. Simultaneous hydrolysis, fermentation, and product recovery has been successfully performed in a single reactor using WS and C. beijerinckii P260. Research on the production of butanol from other agricultural residues including CS, BS, and SG has steadily progressed. Use of several product‒recovery technologies such as liquid‒liquid extraction, gas stripping, perstraction, and pervaporation has been successfully applied in laboratory‒scale bioreactors. It is expected that these recovery technologies will play a major role in commercialization of this fermentation. By employing in line/in situ product‒recovery systems during fermentation, butanol toxicity to the culture has been drastically reduced. In addition to the use of low‒cost plant materials for the production of this biofuel, process integration is expected to play a major role in the economics of this product. © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Resonance light‐scattering enhancement effect of the protein–Y3+–TTA–SLS system and its analytical application
Authors: Guo Changying , Wu Xia , Xu Wei , Yang Jinghe 
Published: June 2008

AbstractIn this paper, a sensitive resonance light scattering (RLS) method for the determination of protein is reported. In the Tris–HCl (pH 7.50) buffer, protein enhanced the RLS intensity of the Y3+–2‐thenoyltrifluoroacetone (TTA)–sodium dodecyl sulphate (SLS) system. The enhanced RLS intensities were in proportion to the concentrations of proteins in the range 8.0 × 10−9–1.0 × 10−5 g/mL for BSA, 1.0 × 10–8–1.0 × 10−5 g/mL for HSA and 1.0 × 10–8–1.0 × 10−6 g/mL for EA, and their detection limits were 5.0, 5.4 and 6.7 ng/mL, respectively. Actual samples were satisfactorily determined. The interaction mechanism was also studied. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Long-term wound advantages of the laparoscopic approach in rectal cancer
Authors: Laurent C , Leblanc F , Bretagnol F , Capdepont M , Rullier E 
Published: June 2008

Abstract

Background
No long-term advantage of the laparoscopic approach has been demonstrated in colorectal surgery. This study compared the risk of incisional hernia between laparoscopic and open surgery for rectal cancer.

Methods
Between 1994 and 2004, patients who had restorative mesorectal excision for rectal cancer by laparoscopy were compared with those treated by open surgery. Follow-up was prospective, and incisional hernia was considered to be any abdominal wound dehiscence occurring at the midline, extraction, trocar or ileostomy site. Cumulative risks of hernia were evaluated by the Kaplan–Meier method and compared with the log rank test.

Results
Some 155 patients had a laparoscopic and 165 an open procedure. The two groups were similar in terms of age, sex, body mass index, tumour stage, loop ileostomy and morbidity. The conversion rate was 20·6 per cent. The rate of incisional hernia in all patients was 11·4 per cent at 1 year, 21·1 per cent at 2 years and 23·7 per cent at 5 years. The rate of hernia at 5 years was significantly lower in the laparoscopic than in the open group (13·0 versus 33·0 per cent; P &lt; 0·001). The rate of hernia due specifically to the laparoscopic procedure (extraction and trocar sites) was ten times less than that after a primary or secondary open procedure (2·1 versus 16·1–33·1 per cent; P &lt; 0·001).

Conclusion
The laparoscopic approach decreases the risk of long-term incisional hernia following restorative mesorectal excision for rectal cancer. The benefit is most apparent in patients without conversion or postoperative complication.