bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Harvesting Where the People Are: Aesthetic Preferences for Logging-in-Progress
Authors: Eckley Michael , Egan Andrew 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
As forested areas become more populated, the aesthetic values associated with logging-in-progress are increasingly driving public reaction to and concern about timber harvesting. Using a video-based survey, this research assessed the public's visual and aural preferences for five ground-based timber harvest yarding methods—a forwarder, rubber-tired cable skidder, bulldozer, farm tractor, and workhorse—based on a battery of attributes and situations. In addition, this study investigated the relationships between several possible explanatory variables—respondents' gender, knowledge of timber harvesting, and place of residence—and their preferences for the logging methods studied. Survey respondents preferred the horse and farm tractor methods for their visual, aural, and forest disturbance effects, whereas the forwarder method ranked highest for efficiency. The horse and tractor methods also were preferred for logging in residential areas. In several cases, survey respondents' gender and knowledge of timber harvesting were associated with their preferences for the logging methods studied.
Municipal Forest Benefits and Costs in Five US Cities
Authors: McPherson Greg , Simpson James R. , Peper Paula J. , Maco Scott E. , Xiao Qingfu 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Increasingly, city trees are viewed as a best management practice to control stormwater, an urban-heat–island mitigation measure for cleaner air, a CO2-reduction option to offset emissions, and an alternative to costly new electric power plants. Measuring benefits that accrue from the community forest is the first step to altering forest structure in ways that will enhance future benefits. This article describes the structure, function, and value of street and park tree populations in Fort Collins, Colorado; Cheyenne, Wyoming; Bismarck, North Dakota; Berkeley, California; and Glendale, Arizona. Although these cities spent $13–65 annually per tree, benefits ranged from $31 to $89 per tree. For every dollar invested in management, benefits returned annually ranged from $1.37 to $3.09. Strategies each city can take to increase net benefits are presented.
Dogwood Anthracnose in Eastern Hardwood Forests: What Is Known and What Can Be Done?
Authors: Holzmueller Eric , Jose Shibu , Jenkins Michael , Camp Ann , Long Alan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Flowering dogwood (Cornus florida L.), one of the most common understory tree species in eastern North America, currently is threatened throughout its native range by a fungus that causes dogwood anthracnose. This aggressive disease rapidly kills dogwood trees and mortality hasexceeded 90% in some forest types. The health and ecological integrity of forest ecosystems throughout the eastern United States are threatened by the rapid decline of dogwood populations. The severity and rate of infection are reported to vary with several environmental factors. Within individualstands, disease severity increases with decreased light availability and increased moisture. Management techniques to control anthracnose have received little attention; however, recent findings suggest that prescribed burning may offer an effective management tool for controlling anthracnose.
Building and Maintaining Successful Relationships between Reservation and University Programs: Summer School Experiences on the White Earth Reservation
Authors: Blinn Charles R. , Zak Deborah M. , Vogt Mitchell 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Building and maintaining successful relationships between Indian reservations and University faculty create opportunities to improve educational outcomes for American Indian students and increase the diversity of young people who consider attending college. The University of Minnesota and the White Earth Reservation developed an ongoing, outdoor-based summer school program on the Reservation, which has been successful in a number of ways. Factors to consider in the development and maintenance of such a cross-cultural program are presented.
The Use of Arthropods as Indicators of Ecosystem Integrity in Forest Management
Authors: Maleque M. Abdul , Ishii Hiroaki T. , Maeto Kaoru 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Arthropods play vital roles in various ecosystem functions and respond acutely to habitat manipulation. Diversity and community dynamics of arthropods are strongly correlated with ecosystem functioning. Arthropod community structure reflects habitat heterogeneity, as well as development and recovery of forest ecosystems after natural and anthropogenic disturbances. Arthropod community structure also reflects the degree of fragmentation and isolation of forest ecosystems on the landscape. Arthropods are good indicators of the overall biodiversity and ecosystem integrity of forests and can be used for evaluating and designing sound ecosystem management plans.
Timber-Processing Capacity and Capabilities in the Western United States
Authors: Keegan Charles E. , Morgan Todd A. , Gebert Krista M. , Brandt Jason P. , Blatner Keith A. , Spoelma Timothy P. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This examination of milling capacity and timber use in the western United States summarizes changes in the region’s wood products industry and its ability to use trees of various sizes. Between 1986 and 2003, total timber-processing capacity in the West (excluding pulpwood and fuelwood) declined from 5.0 to 3.2 billion cubic feet annually, and capacity utilization decreased from 3.6 to 2.5 billion cubic feet. During 2003, 2.2 billion cubic feet of timber processed in the West was from trees ≥10-in. dbh, and 2.5 billion cubic feet (80%) of capacity was not capable of efficiently processing trees &lt;10-in. dbh. Geographic distribution of existing capacity and small-tree capabilities is critical to forest management activities throughout the West.
Performance Comparison of a Low-Cost Mapping Grade Global Positioning Systems (GPS) Receiver and Consumer Grade GPS Receiver under Dense Forest Canopy
Authors: Wing Michael G. , Eklund Aaron 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We compared the measurement accuracy and reliability of a low-cost mapping grade global positioning systems (GPS) receiver to a consumer grade GPS receiver while operating under a very dense forest canopy. The mapping grade GPS receiver collected both autonomous (uncorrected) GPS measurements and measurements that were differentially corrected in real time through the Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS). Although we found average measurement accuracies of 7.2 m for uncorrected data and 7.8 m for differentially corrected data for the mapping grade GPS, these differences were not statistically significant. The overall average positional error for the consumer grade GPS was larger (8.9 m) than that of the mapping grade GPS but the consumer grade GPS collected data more efficiently and, for about half of all points collected, with smaller measurement errors.
Conifer Regeneration after Forest Fire in the Klamath-Siskiyous: How Much, How Soon?
Authors: Shatford J.P.A. , Hibbs D.E. , Puettmann K.J. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The increasing frequency and extent of forest fires in the western United States has raised concerns over postfire management actions on publicly owned forests. Information on ecosystem recovery after disturbance is lacking and has led to heated debate and speculation regarding thereturn of forest vegetation after disturbance and the need for management actions. One critical question emerges, will these ecosystems recover on their own, and if so, over what time frame? We report on one aspect of recovery, the spatial and temporal variation of natural conifer regenerationevident 9–19 years after forest fires in California and Oregon. In contrast to expectations, generally, we found natural conifer regeneration abundant across a variety of settings. Management plans can benefit greatly from using natural conifer regeneration but managers must face thechallenge of long regeneration periods and be able to accommodate high levels of variation across the landscape of a fire.
Simulating Nontimber Forest Product Management in Tropical Mixed Forests
Authors: Ribeiro do Valle Denis , Staudhammer Christina L. , Cropper Wendell P. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Models of tropical mixed forests for simulation of multiple-use forest management are of importance because of the significance of both timber and nontimber forest products (NTFP) to large numbers of rural poor. Models capable of accurately simulating multiple-use forest management and their impacts could be used to address questions such as, how much of a given NTFPs can be extracted before jeopardizing production of other products, and how should NTFPs be extracted or silvicultural treatments applied to increase timber and NTFP production? Based on a literature review, we observed that (1) there is practically no integration between studies that focus on timber and those of NTFPs and (2) in most cases, the limitations of common NTFP modeling approaches are rarely acknowledged. We identify key processes that require empirical data collection and suggest modifications to models to better represent multiple-use forest management.
Assessment of Pre- and Post-Katrina Fuel Conditions as a Component of Fire Potential Modeling for Southern Mississippi
Authors: Cooke William H. , Grala Katarzyna , Evans David , Collins Curtis 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Geographic information system models that assess fire hazard in southern Mississippi were developed in response to damage caused by Hurricane Katrina. Long time series of Landsat imagery, pre- and post-Katrina satellite imagery, and aerial imagery were integrated in a rapid-response sampling design to assess changes in fire hazard. The study assesses pre- and post-Katrina fuels as one component of fire potential models. Determining how these changes affect fire hazard is important for natural disaster response and recovery efforts. The analysis resulted in spatial depictions and summary statistics of fire hazard. Overall accuracy of the remotely sensed damage assessment was 72%. Because of the hurricane, areas of very low hazard decreased from 19 to 3%, whereas areas of very high hazard increased from 3 to 13%. These results were validated with actual fire occurrence data and indicate that increased numbers of fire suppression personnel may be needed for coming fire seasons in the region.
Postfire Communications: The Influence of Site Visits on Local Support
Authors: Toman Eric L. , Shindler Bruce , Absher Jim , McCaffrey Sarah 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The prevalence of large wildfires has increased in recent years. In many cases, agency personnel have little prior experience to draw from to organize their postfire response to uncharacteristically large events. However, local residents look to resource managers to provide the necessary leadership to work through these difficult decisions. In particular, methods to create meaningful discussion of management priorities with local citizens are essential. This article reports results from a telephone survey of participants in a US Forest Service–led tour after the Booth and Bear Butte Complex Fires in central Oregon. Findings indicate that the tour provided local residents with useful information and contributed to improved understanding of potential actions. Participants also expressed a high level of support for active management to restore forest conditions. The most striking outcome was the substantial goodwill generated by the tour among participants. Responses showed a high level of appreciation for and improved confidence in local US Forest Service personnel.
Sustainable Management of Mediterranean Planted Coniferous Forests: An Israeli Definition
Authors: Osem Yagil , Ginsberg Paul , Tauber Israel , Atzmon Nir , Perevolotsky Avi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The definition of sustainable forest management (SFM) in Israel is unique, because the majority of its forests are constructed and the availability of natural or historical forest references to serve as benchmarks is very limited. The aim of this article is to propose a definition and a suitable framework for the sustainable management of Mediterranean planted coniferous forests (MPCF) in Israel. We consider the unique historical and ecological characteristics of the MPCF and discuss their implications for SFM. We propose a list of indicators specifically designed to suit the MPCF and a framework for evaluating sustainability according to forest objectives. We discuss the possibility of adopting a more extensive management scheme based on natural processes of regeneration and succession. Our approach, which is based on the definition of forest objectives, on one hand, and the understanding of the local ecological and socioeconomical conditions, on the other hand, may be appropriate for SFM in other constructed forests throughout the world.
Investor Responses to Timberlands Structured as Real Estate Investment Trusts
Authors: Mendell Brooks C. , Mishra Neena , Sydor Tymur 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This project uses event study methodology to analyze equity market responses to four announcements of forest industry firms converting their corporate structures from traditional C-corporations to real estate investment trusts (REIT). These announcements were Plum Creek in 1998, Rayonier in 2003, Potlatch in 2005, and Longview Fiber in 2005. All four announcements were associated with significant abnormal increases in the stock prices of the four firms on the day before, day of, or day after each firm's announced REIT conversion. Results indicate investor preference for holding industrial timberlands within an REIT rather than traditional C-corporation structure.
Reforestation after the Fountain Fire in Northern California: An Untold Success Story
Authors: Zhang Jianwei , Webster Jeff , Powers Robert F. , Mills John 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Forest fires have been burning “hot” across the United States and particularly in the West in recent years. So, too, will the debate on postfire management strategies. In this article, we present a successful reforestation project after a catastrophic fire in 1992. Sixteen years later, most lands are covered with vigorous young forest stands. These regenerated stands have sequestered a large amount of atmospheric carbon, although still not to the level of previous stands. Furthermore, these managed stands will provide wood to consumers and support the local economy in the future. In contrast, adjacent lands without reforestation are fully occupied with shrubs and a few hardwood tree species, going through a long process of natural succession. We conclude that in this particular case active reforestation is the most effective method to quickly restore forest cover.
Sugar Maple Decline after Defoliation by Forest Tent Caterpillar
Authors: Wood Dustin M. , Yanai Ruth D. , Allen Douglas C. , Wilmot Sandra H. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Defoliation is a significant stressor of forest stands that may incite decline disease of sugar maple ( Acer saccharum: Marsh). The recent outbreak (2002-2007) of forest tent caterpillar (FTC; Malacosoma disstria: Hübner) in the northeastern United States offered the opportunity to assess the effects of defoliation and site conditions on sugar maple health. We measured 51 North American Maple Project stands in New York and Vermont in the summer of 2007. Dieback (P = 0.07) and mortality (P = 0.04) were both worse in stands defoliated by FTC. Low growing-season soil moisture during the outbreak, indicated by Palmer's Z-index; cool mean temperature during the outbreak; and concave microrelief were also important predictors of forest damage. We present the results of our multiple regression equations for stand dieback (R2 = 0.71) and mortality (R2 = 0.64) in tables that can be used by forest managers to evaluate the vulnerability of their sugar maple stands to decline after defoliation by FTC.
German Impact and Influences on American Forestry until World War II
Authors: Schmidt Uwe E. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Natural resources of North America ensured the existence of German immigrants in the late 17th century. In Pennsylvania and North Carolina, measures for forest protection and sustainable forestry were invoked at an early date. Efforts were based on inventory of the resources and controlled use. During the 18th and 19th centuries, German emigration was boosted by the scarcity of wood. Proto-industry in Germany strongly depended on wood and coal resources, causing negative effects in the forest and environment. Increasing population and developing industrialization devastated the forests. International scientific contact in forestry started during the American Revolutionary War. German influence on American forestry began in 1873, when the Austro-Hungarian government hosted an international exhibition in Vienna. German forest scientists and politicians focused on sustainable forestry and initiated a fundamental forest education system in the United States. An intensive German–American exchange on a professional basis took place until the beginning of World War II. The acquired historical knowledge on this subject demonstrates that German and North American environmental perception had interacted considerably.
Assessment of Geospatial Technologies for Natural Resource Management in Florida
Authors: Selvarajan Sowmya , Mohamed Ahmed , White Timothy , Boodram Natalie 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
At a time when growing populations are taxing the earth's resources as never before, natural resource managers and users are discovering the power of geospatial technologies. These evolving technologies, once expensive and exclusive to domains of researchers and scientists, are now the choice of local, state, and national resource managers around the globe. This research presents the results of a preliminary survey of benefits and limitations of geospatial technologies for natural resources applications in the state of Florida. The survey was sent to users and producers of relevant geospatial technologies applicable to natural resource management. Results from 134 respondents show that 98% of the organizations surveyed still conduct field surveys for data collection, monitoring, and inventories, while 88% of those organizations develop maps to summarize and visualize their data. Approximately 87% of the surveyed organizations use one or many types of geospatial technologies to collect, visualize, integrate, or interpret their information about natural resources with the most common technologies being aerial imagery, geographic information systems, and global positioning systems, followed by topographic maps and satellite imagery. However, there were also some available technologies in which their capabilities were little known or appreciated by these organizations such as terrestrial light detection and ranging and integrated mapping technology. These results will serve as a source of information regarding how geospatial technologies are used in Florida and their current real or perceived limitations. The study is also important for educational institutions and producers to provide appropriate training for basic technologies and to encourage users to integrate the latest and cost-effective geospatial technologies efficiently.
The Changing Social Landscape in the Midwest: A Boon for Forestry and Bust for Oak?
Authors: Knoot Tricia G. , Schulte Lisa A. , Grudens-Schuck Nancy , Rickenbach Mark 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Recent forest surveys report poor oak regeneration on the privately held forestlands of the Midwest. Data from in-depth interviews with natural resource professionals from the region suggested that changing ownership patterns, increasing property values, widespread forest parcelization, and exurban residential development, both directly and indirectly, limit the likelihood of oak regeneration. Foremost, interviewees noted that typical practices used to regenerate oak, such as clearcutting, were often viewed by landowners as incompatible with expectations of how forestland should be experienced under their care. Such constraints may be countered by the observation that new family forest owners are more economically able to engage in sustainable forestry practices and are highly motivated to manage their forests when compared with owners of the past. Interviewees provided a multifaceted portrait of new opportunities for engaging private landowners in sustainable forest management but posed a questionable future for oak.
Urban Forestry Research Needs: A Participatory Assessment Process
Authors: Wolf Kathleen L. , Kruger Linda E. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
New research initiatives focusing on urban ecology and natural resources are underway. Such programs coincide with increased local government action in urban forest planning and management, activities that are enhanced by scientific knowledge. This project used a participatory stakeholder process to explore and understand urban forestry research and technology transfer needs in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. The approach can be readily used for any geographic region or metropolitan area. A two-phase, abbreviated Delphi process was conducted, inviting input from urban forestry professionals, academics, and agency-based managers. Research issues were identified and prioritized within three themes: urban forest resource, resource management, and community framework. The results serve as a stakeholder relevant research framework to guide science proposals for funding initiatives at regional and national levels. Notable is major support by respondents for a better understanding of the transactional dynamics of human systems and urban natural resources.
Efficiencies of Forestry Best Management Practices for Reducing Sediment and Nutrient Losses in the Eastern United States
Authors: Edwards Pamela J. , Williard Karl W.J. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Quantifying the effects of forestry best management practices (BMPs) on sediment and nutrient loads is a critical need. Through an exhaustive literature search, three paired forested watershed studies in the eastern United States were found that permitted the calculation of BMP efficiencies—the percent reduction in sediment or nutrients achieved by BMPs. For sediment, BMP efficiencies ranged from 53 to 94% during harvest and up to 1 year after harvesting. For nutrients, BMP efficiencies were higher for total nitrogen (60-80%) and phosphorus (85-86%), which included particulate and sediment-bound forms, than for nitrate-nitrogen (12%), which occurs primarily in the dissolved phase. Results indicate forestry BMPs can significantly reduce sediment and nutrient loads; however, BMPs appear to be more effective at reducing pollutants associated with surface runoff than with subsurface flow.
Trends for Forestry Best Management Practices Implementation
Authors: Ice George G. , Schilling Erik , Vowell Jeff 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The 1972 Clean Water Act initiated a national effort to address all sources of water pollution. One outcome was development of forestry nonpoint source control programs that use best management practices (BMP) and other tools to minimize water quality impacts. These programs can only be successful if BMPs are effective and if implementation rates are high. Many states have assessed rates of forestry BMP implementation with more than one survey and are beginning to develop histories that track trends. Trend data at the regional and national levels show generally high and increasing levels of implementation. Here, we use the volume of timber harvested in each state to adjust contributions to a national implementation average. The overall national forestry BMP implementation rate is estimated to be 89%. Factors contributing to increased implementation include federal and state legislation, regulation, and extension; certification programs; and public pressure.