bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implant‐retained oral appliances: a novel treatment for edentulous patients with obstructive sleep apnea–hypopnea syndrome
Authors: Hoekema Aarnoud , De Vries Frist , Heydenrijk Kees , Stegenga Boudewijn 
Published: March 2007

AbstractObjectives: Mandibular repositioning appliances (MRAs) are a viable treatment alternative in patients with obstructive sleep apnea–hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Because these appliances require retention in the patient's dentition, edentelous patients generally do not qualify for this treatment. This study describes our experiences with an implant‐retained MRA in the treatment of edentulous OSAHS patients.Patients and methods: Six edentulous OSAHS patients were included in this study. Standard treatment consisted of the placement of four endosseous dental implants in the mandible and the construction of a new maxillary denture and a mandibular overdenture. Subsequently, an MRA was made. After a habituation and adjustment period, the effect of treatment was evaluated with polysomnography. Treatment was considered effective in cases where it yielded an apnea–hypopnea index <5.Results: Of the six patients included, two did not tolerate the MRA because of pressure‐induced discomfort on the labial mucosa in the maxilla. These two patients were offered an implant‐retained overdenture and MRA in the maxilla. One of the two patients proceeded with this secondary treatment. Of the five patients completing the follow‐up polysomnography, effective OSAHS treatment was attained in four.Conclusions: The results from this study suggest that an implant‐retained MRA in the mandible is a viable treatment modality in edentulous OSAHS patients. Because the therapeutic effectiveness of this treatment may be compromised by excessive pressure of the MRA on the labial mucosa in the maxilla, we suggest that an implant‐retained MRA in the maxilla be offered as a secondary treatment in selected patients.
Adjunctive local antibiotic therapy in the treatment of peri‐implantitis II: clinical and radiographic outcomes
Authors: Salvi Giovanni E. , Persson G. Rutger , Heitz‐Mayfield Lisa J. A. , Frei Marc , Lang Niklaus P. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractAim: To monitor over 12 months clinical and radiographic changes occurring after adjunctive local delivery of minocycline microspheres for the treatment of peri‐implantitis.Material and methods: In 25 partially edentulous subjects, 31 implants diagnosed with peri‐implantitis were treated. Three weeks after oral hygiene instruction, mechanical debridement and local antiseptic cleansing using 0.2% chlorhexidine gel, baseline (Day 0) parameters were recorded. Minocycline microspheres (Arestin®) were locally delivered to each implant site with bone loss and a probing pocket depth (PPD) ≥5 mm. Rescue therapy with Arestin® was allowed at Days 180 and 270 at any site exhibiting an increase in PPD≥2 mm from the previous visit. The following clinical parameters were recorded at four sites/implant at Day 0, 10, 30, 60, 90, 180, 270 and 360: PPD, clinical attachment level (CAL), bleeding on probing (BOP) and plaque index (PlI).Results: Six implants in six subjects were either rescued or exited because of persisting active peri‐implantitis. Successful implants showed a statistically significant reduction in both PPD and percentage of sites with BOP between baseline and Day 360 (P<0.05). At mesial implant sites, the mean PPD reduction amounted to 1.6 mm (95% CI: 0.9–2.2 mm, P<0.001) and was accompanied by a statistically significant reduction of the BOP value (P<0.001). Binary regression analysis showed that the clinical parameters and smoking history could not discriminate between successfully treated and rescued or exited implants at any observation time point.Conclusion: Non‐surgical mechanical treatment of peri‐implantitis lesions with adjunctive local delivery of microencapsulated minocycline led to positive effects on clinical parameters up to 12 months.
Association of height with inflammation and periodontitis: the Study of Health in Pomerania
Authors: Meisel Peter , Kohlmann Thomas , Kocher Thomas 
Published: March 2007

AbstractAim: Short stature in adulthood has been associated with increased risk of health problems. Predisposition to inflammatory diseases might be associated with impaired length growth and impose a lifelong inflammatory burden. We tested this hypothesis in a cross‐sectional population‐based study with respect to periodontitis.Material and Methods: In 4290 randomly selected subjects from the normal population, we determined anthropometric measures and diagnostic periodontal parameters. Behavioural and environmental risk factors were assessed by interviews and questionnaires.Results: In regression analyses adjusted for age, gender, smoking, diabetes, education, and dental appointments, an inverse association was observed between height and clinical attachment loss. The magnitude of the association was higher in presence of risk factors smoking or diabetes. Odds ratios for smoking were 3.5 (2.2–5.7%, 95% confidence interval) and 2.6 (1.5–4.3%) with the shortest and tallest height quartile, respectively. Figures for diabetes were 1.37 (1.04–1.80%) and 0.97 (0.67–1.39%), respectively. Stratification for age and gender revealed that taller subjects had less periodontitis and decreased concentrations of markers of systemic inflammation than their shorter counterparts.Conclusion: This study is the first to associate height with periodontitis concluding that individuals born with a high susceptibility to infectious and inflammatory diseases may suffer from such diseases in childhood whereby the length growth could be impaired. Reaching adulthood, growth comes to a halt but the individual remains susceptible to inflammatory sequelae. Thus, smaller persons pertain a tendency to more severe periodontitis.
Application of ELI‐P‐Complex Method in Clinical Obstetrics
Authors: Poletaev Alexander B. , Maltseva Larisa I. , Zamaleeva Rosa S. , Nukhnin Michael A. , Osipenko Leeza G. 
Published: March 2007

ProblemEvaluation of embryotropic natural auto‐antibodies (a‐Abs) of IgG class in blood serum of women planning pregnancy or in that of already pregnant women is necessary in order to predict the course of gestation and pregnancy outcomes.Method of studyThe ELISA‐based probability of pathology in pregnancy (ELI‐P)‐complex method is based on the enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay technology. We used it to evaluate serum samples of 380 women with complicated obstetric anamnesis (COA) by measuring contents/affinity (immunoreactivity; IR) of a‐Abs interacting with eight specific antigens related to mechanisms of gestation process. The control group was presented by 30 healthy women without COA. For each woman we carried out a pre‐gestational investigation and, if necessary, performed a standard antibacterial/antiviral treatment and correction of endocrine state.ResultsWe found that 92.6% of investigated women with COA were characterized by deviations in serum IR of the examined a‐Abs. In contrast, in the control group there were no immune deviations related to the examined a‐Abs. A direct relation was revealed between normal or deviated serum IR of investigated a‐Abs and physiological or pathological pregnancy development and pregnancy outcome.ConclusionWe recommend ELI‐P‐complex as a screening and monitoring tool for predicting pregnancy outcomes and providing proper treatment therapies.
Outcomes‐Focused Knowledge Translation: A Framework for Knowledge Translation and Patient Outcomes Improvement
Authors: Doran Diane M. , Sidani Souraya 
Published: March 2007

ABSTRACT Background: Regularly accessing information that is current and reliable continues to be a challenge for front‐line staff nurses. Reconceptualizing how nurses access information and designing appropriate decision support systems to facilitate timely access to information may be important for increasing research utilization. Description of Strategy: An outcomes‐focused knowledge translation framework was developed to guide the continuous improvement of patient care through the uptake of research evidence and feedback data about patient outcomes. The framework operationalizes the three elements of the PARIHS framework at the point of care.Outcomes‐focused knowledge translation involves four components: (a) patient outcomes measurement and real‐time feedback about outcomes achievement; (b) best‐practice guidelines, embedded in decision support tools that deliver key messages in response to patient assessment data; (c) clarification of patients' preferences for care; and (d) facilitation by advanced practice nurses and practice leaders. In this paper the framework is described and evidence is provided to support theorized relationships among the concepts in the framework. Implications: The framework guided the design of a knowledge translation intervention aimed at continuous improvement of patient care and evidence‐based practice, which are fostered through real‐time feedback data about patient outcomes, electronic access to evidence‐based resources at the point of care, and facilitation by advanced practice nurses. The propositions in the framework need to be empirically tested through future research.
Development and Testing of a DVT Risk Assessment Tool: Providing Evidence of Validity and Reliability
Authors: McCaffrey Ruth , Bishop Mary , Adonis‐Rizzo Marie , Williamson Ellen , McPherson Melanie , Cruikshank Alice , Carrier Vicki Jo , Sands Simone , Pigano Diane , Girard Patricia , Lauzon Cathy 
Published: March 2007

ABSTRACT Background: Hospital‐acquired deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolisms (PE) are preventable problems that can increase mortality. Early assessment and recognition of risk as well as initiating appropriate prevention measures can prevent DVT or PE. Aims: The purpose of this research project was to develop a DVT risk assessment tool and test the tool for validity and reliability. Methods: Three phases were undertaken in developing and testing the JFK Medical Center DVT risk assessment tool. Investigation and clarification of risk and predisposing factors for DVT were identified from the literature, expert nursing knowledge, and medical staff input. Second, item development and weighting were undertaken. Third, parametric testing for content validity measured the differences in mean assessment tool scores between a group of patients who developed DVT in the hospital and a demographically similar group who did not develop DVT. Interrater reliability was measured by having three different nurses score each patient and compare the differences in scores among the three. Findings: The DVT group had significantly higher scores on the JFK DVT assessment scale than did those who did not experience DVT. Interrater reliability showed a strong correlation among the scores of the three nurses (.98). Discussion: Providing a valid and reliable tool for measuring the risk for DVT or PE in hospitalized patients will enable nurses to intervene early in patients at risk. Basing DVT risk assessment on the evidence provided in this study will assist nurses in becoming more confident in recognizing the necessity for interventions in hospitalized patients and decreasing risk. Implications: Nurses can now evaluate patients at risk for DVT or PE using the JFK Medial Center's risk assessment tool.
Creating Infrastructure Supportive of Evidence‐Based Nursing Practice: Leadership Strategies
Authors: Newhouse Robin P. 
Published: March 2007

ABSTRACT Background: Nursing leadership is the cornerstone of successful evidence‐based practice (EBP) programs within health care organizations. The key to success is a strategic approach to building an EBP infrastructure, with allocation of appropriate human and material resources. Purpose: This article indicates the organizational infrastructure that enables evidence‐based nursing practice and strategies for leaders to enhance evidence‐based practice using “the conceptual model for considering the determinants of diffusion, dissemination, and implementation of innovations in health service delivery and organization.” Discussion: Enabling EBP within organizations is important for promoting positive outcomes for nurses and patients. Fostering EBP is not a static or immediate outcome, but a long‐term developmental process within organizations. Implementation requires multiple strategies to cultivate a culture of inquiry where nurses generate and answer important questions to guide practice. Implications: Organizations that can enable the culture and build infrastructure to help nurses develop EBP competencies will produce a professional environment that will result in both personal growth for their staff and improvements in quality that would not otherwise be possible.
An Exploration of the Factor Structure of the Nursing Work Index
Authors: Slater Paul , McCormack Brendan 
Published: March 2007

ABSTRACT Rationale: The nurse shortage is increasing in the developed world. Organisational context is important in determining issues associated with nurse shortages, such as retention, recruitment, and job satisfaction. Recent research has utilised the Nursing Work Index‐Revised (NWI‐R) as a measure of organisational context traits. Within the NWI‐R a four‐factor model has been reported as being important in determining good organisational context, yet researchers have recently questioned the stability of the four‐factor structure. Aim: No known study has attempted to replicate the four‐factor structure reported in the NWI‐R. The aim of this research is to examine the factor structure of the 15 items that comprise the four factors of the NWI‐R. Methods: The NWI‐R is an instrument that is focused on capturing organisational attributes that characterise professional nursing environments. A random sample of 172 (50%) acute care hospital nurses completed the NWI‐R as part of a larger research project. The sample was diverse concerning nursing grade and specialty. Data were analysed using SPSS.11.0 to extract factors' structures (principal component and maximum likelihood), measures of homogeneity and descriptive statistics were generated from the findings. Results: The four‐factor structure of the NWI‐R was not replicated in the data analysis. Instead a modified three‐factor structure was identified accounting for 57% of the variance. Measures of internal consistency were acceptable. Discussion: Previous research utilised the four factors of the NWI‐R as a method to identify supportive organisational context and practice. The three‐factor model raises questions regarding the stability of the findings using the NWI‐R. This research shows the synthesis of the two models in light of previous findings. Conclusions/Implications: The findings might have far reaching implications for research that has utilised the NWI‐R as a measure of organisational context. Further research is required to examine this study's findings and literature.
Appraising and Comparing Pressure Ulcer Guidelines
Authors: Wimpenny Peter , Van Zelm Ruben 
Published: March 2007

ABSTRACT Background: Whilst considerable activity has been related to guideline development for nurses regarding pressure ulcer prevention and management, no attempt has been made to comparatively evaluate these guidelines against some form of quality indicators. Aim: To compare and contrast four national pressure ulcer guidelines, and identify similarities and differences in their quality and content. Methods: An international comparative appraisal method, using the AGREE (Appraisal of Guidelines Research and Evaluation) instrument, was undertaken to appraise four published pressure ulcer guidelines. Two further domains were added to the AGREE instrument to assess comparability of the guidelines and their perceived contribution to practice. An international group undertook the comparative appraisal. Results: The domain scores for each guideline show some but not total agreement among reviewers. One particular set of guidelines was identified as scoring highest in a majority of AGREE domains. Overall, evidence of variability exists between pressure ulcer guidelines and common areas of development to consider for all guidelines. Implications for Practice: The results raise many questions concerning the “best” pressure ulcer guideline to use, particularly related to the AGREE scoring. Some notable shortcomings exist in all the pressure ulcer guidelines reviewed and these shortcomings need to be addressed from a quality perspective. However, other issues such as style of reporting and potential contribution to practice might more fully affect choice by practitioners as opposed to guideline developers. Conclusions: Notable differences exist among the four guidelines that are possibly explained by different approaches to development and also because of different cultural factors and intentions for use. Whilst the AGREE tool identifies the quality of the guideline development process it still requires local engagement with practitioners to determine which guideline should be implemented.
FK1706 Enhances the Recovery of Erectile Function Following Bilateral Cavernous Nerve Crush Injury in the Rat
Authors: Bella Anthony J. , Hayashi Narihiko , Carrion Rafael E. , Price Raymond , Lue Tom F. 
Published: March 2007

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Advances in neurobiology have led to a surge of clinical interest in the development of protective and regenerative neuromodulatory strategies, as surgical therapies for prostate cancer often result in neuronal damage and debilitating loss of sexual function.

Aim
To investigate the dose-dependent efficacy of FK1706, a nonimmunosuppressant immunophilin ligand, for the recovery of erectile function following bilateral cavernous nerve crush injury in the rat.

Main Outcome Measures
Recovery of erectile function was assessed by cavernous nerve electrostimulation and reported as maximal increase of intracavernous pressure (ICP) and area under the curve (AUC). Changes in animal weights, percentage completion of treatment course, and survival were compared between groups.

Methods
Thirty-five Sprague–Dawley male rats were randomly divided into five equal groups: seven animals received a sham operation, whereas 28 animals underwent bilateral cavernous nerve crush injury, followed by subcutaneous injection of vehicle alone (1.0 mL/kg), or low (0.1 mg/kg), medium (0.32 mg/kg), or high dose (1.0 mg/kg) FK1706 5 days per week for 8 weeks.

Results
Erectile dysfunction did not occur in the sham group (mean maximal ICP increase of 100.8 ± 6.3 cmH2O), whereas nerve injury and vehicle treatment produced a significant reduction in ICP response to 34.4 ± 12.8 cmH2O. The mean ICP increase for high-dose FK106 treatment was 73.9 ± 6.3 cmH2O (P &lt; 0.01 vs. vehicle) compared with 58.3 ± 7.4 cmH2O and 56.9 ± 8.3 for low and medium doses (P &gt; 0.05). Similar stepwise findings were observed using AUC data. No significant maximal aortic blood pressure or weight differences occurred between groups and all animals completed treatment.

Conclusion
High-dose subcutaneous FK1706 therapy promoted recovery of erectile function following bilateral cavernous nerve crush injury in the rat. No significant differences between groups were observed for changes in weight, and the 8-week treatment course was completed for all animals.
Deficit irrigation in grapevine improves water‐use efficiency while controlling vigour and production quality
Authors: Chaves M.M. , Santos T.P. , Souza C.R. , Ortuño M.F. , Rodrigues M.L. , Lopes C.M. , Maroco J.P. , Pereira J.S. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractGrapevine irrigation is becoming an important practice to guarantee wine quality or even plant survival in regions affected by seasonal drought. Nevertheless, irrigation has to be controlled to optimise source to sink balance and avoid excessive vigour. The results we present here in two grapevine varieties (Moscatel and Castelão) during 3 years, indicate that we can decrease the amount of water applied by 50% (as in deficit irrigation, DI, and in partial root drying, PRD) in relation to full crop’s evapotranspiration (ETc) [full irrigated (FI) vines] with no negative effects on production and even get some gains of quality (in the case of PRD). We report that in non‐irrigated and in several cases in PRD vines exhibit higher concentrations of berry skin anthocyanins and total phenols than those presented by DI and FI vines. We showed that these effects on quality were mediated by a reduction in vigour, leading to an increase on light interception in the cluster zone. Because plant water status during most of the dates along the season was not significantly different between PRD and DI, and when different, PRD even exhibited a higher leaf water potential than DI vines, we conclude that growth inhibition in PRD was not a result of a hydraulic control. The gain in crop water use in DI and PRD was accompanied by an increase of the δ13C values in the berries in DI and PRD as compared to FI, suggesting that we can use this methodology to assess the integrated water‐use efficiency over the growing season.
Root canal preparation with the NiTi systems K3, Mtwo and ProTaper
Authors: Sonntag David , Ott Mareike , Kook Kathrin , Stachniss Vitus 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe aim of this paper was to examine the result of rotary root canal preparation with the nickel‐titanium (NiTi) systems K3, ProTaper and Mtwo. One hundred and fifty curved artificial root canals and 60 mesial canals of human mandibular molars were selected. In the group of curved artificial canals, all canals were prepared to size 35/0.04 taper with the three systems. In the group of human mandibular molars, the teeth with mature root canals were radiographed with silver points inserted in bucco‐lingual and in mesio‐distal positions. In the artificial root group, one K3 instrument separated. Mtwo (20%) showed significantly (P = 0.003) less zips than K3 (46.9%) or ProTaper (50%). There were no significant differences in ledge and elbow formation. K3 and Mtwo had the lowest percentage of canal transportation. There was no significant difference regarding the preparation length or the condition of the apical foramina following the preparation. Canals prepared with K3 (26.5%) were significantly (P < 0.001) less tapered than ProTaper (62%) and Mtwo (82%). In the human mandibular molar group, one Mtwo and one ProTaper instrument separated. No significant differences were found in the preparation length, transportation or taper. The three systems tested, K3, Mtwo and ProTaper, achieved good preparation results.
‘It's Urban Living, Not Ethnicity Itself’: Race, Crime and the Urban Geography of High‐Risk Youth
Authors: Brown Elizabeth 
Published: March 2007

AbstractIn the 1990s, panic about urban youth led to the intensification of punishment within the juvenile justice system. This article places this panic about urban youth within the context of the historical development of the juvenile justice system as an institution of urban governance, and within contemporary ‘new penology’ trends. In doing so, I argue that the idea of ‘risk’ and dangerousness as applied to juvenile offenders has two important consequences. First, these labels act to target juvenile justice interventions at youth of color. Second, these interventions attempt racial neutrality by using urban conditions as indicators of risk, but end up reinscribing racial difference in juvenile offending. In conclusion, I argue that the use of risk assessment in the juvenile court acts to continue a century‐long tradition of using law enforcement to contain, control, and dispose of urban youth of color.