bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The quest for competitive, business and marketing intelligence
Authors: Wright Sheila , Calof Jonathan L. 
Published: July 2006

PurposeSeeks to examine three empirical studies carried out in Canada, the UK and Europe with comparisons drawn on their approach and findings.Design/methodology/approachThe studies were compared using a framework, developed by the authors, along four central elements and two influencing drivers.FindingsLittle measurement consistency or output value was evident. The current focus on isolated studies, carried out at a macro level, is discouraged.Practical implicationsFuture studies need greater rigour, and consequently might be of more value to academics and practitioners.Originality/valueThe lack of research consistency is highlighted. Recommendations are made for stronger adhesion with other disciplines to develop a robust research agenda.
The six identities of marketing: a vector quantization of research approaches
Authors: Franke Nikolaus , Mazanec Josef A. 
Published: July 2006

PurposeThis article seeks to provide an empirical identification of groups of marketing scholars who share common beliefs about the role of science and the logic of scientific discovery.Design/methodology/approachTopology is used representing network quantization to identify empirically classes of marketing researchers within a representative sample of marketing professors.FindingsSix distinct classes of marketing scholars were found. They differ with regard to popularity (size) and productivity (levels of publication output). Comparing the sub‐samples of German‐speaking and US respondents shows cross‐cultural differences.Originality/valueThe study enhances understanding of the current scientific orientation(s) of marketing. It may help to motivate marketing scholars to ponder on their own positions and assist them in judging where they may belong. Future comparisons over time would give an indication about the future of the academic discipline of marketing.
Frameworks of managerial competence: limits, problems and suggestions
Authors: Ruth Damian 
Published: July 2006

PurposeTo offer a coherent critique of the concept of managerial frameworks of competence through the exploration of the problems of generalizability and abstraction and the “scientific” assumptions of management.Design/methodology/approachEmploys the ecological metaphor of intellectual landscape and extends it to examining the development of the field of management, its early contours which traversed a diversity of conceptualisations such as management as an art, or an expression of personality, or as a vocation, the search for coordinates and a scientific image, and finally, a comparison of agri‐business and market gardening. The argument is illustrated by reference to particular management development programmes.FindingsThe argument is made that frameworks of competence impose conceptual limitations – “monocultures of the mind” – that are destructive. Justifying coordinates in an activity that is always particular, contextual and socially constructed faces the problem of finding stable evidence in a turbulent ecology and “frameworks of competence” are beset with problems of definition. However, with an understanding of power and discourse, and the application of the landscape metaphor such frameworks can be productively illuminated. What seems to be required is a wholesale shift in values and a re‐evaluation of the meaning and purpose of work.Practical implicationsUseful to curriculum designers and programme developers to analyse their work.Originality/valueProvides a detailed coherent account of the emergence of the concept of competency, and subjects the concept to wide‐ranging critical review.
Training and learning in the knowledge and service economy
Authors: Sloman Martyn , Philpott John 
Published: July 2006

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to consider whether the shift from training to learning is related to employment categories using a categorisation popularised by Robert Reich.Design/methodology/approachCollation and analysis of existing CIPD research information and assessment of labour statistics.FindingsAn examination of the national data on training reveals an uncertain picture. There is a problem surrounding data capture. In short, what is measured is training, particularly off‐the‐job training. If the definition of learning as a process is accepted, there are both conceptual and practical problems involved in measuring the move to learning in different sectors.Practical implicationsThe testing of this proposition and analysis of its consequences is of critical importance. It will affect public policy – what interventions promote learning as opposed to training? It should assist in determining the research agenda. Finally it central to the role of HRD practitioners in organisations: how do they develop and implement strategies for learning as opposed to delivering training?Originality/valueAs far as the authors are aware no‐one else has explored this topic using this approach. It is a speculative investigation at an early stage but the implications are considerable.
The training of university lifelong learning professionals as researchers
Authors: Chivers Geoff 
Published: July 2006

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to determine an effective approach to developing university vocational lifelong learning (VLL) professionals as researchers.Design/methodology/approachTwo quite different approaches to developing VLL professionals as researchers were piloted, one involving face‐to‐face training and the other distance learning. These approaches were evaluated by the VLL professionals who underwent the training, and the organisers of the training. Qualitative and quantitative research methods were employed in the evaluation.FindingsEvaluation of the two development methods revealed that the fact‐to‐face method was more successful due to its greater impact in the affective domain of learning, although some VLL professionals are able to develop through distance learning with close tutor support via electronic communication. Overall, the evaluation findings indicate that a combination of face‐to‐face and distance learning methods is likely to prove most effective.Research limitations/implicationsThe pilot national research study involved small numbers of trainees across the UK. The training may be more effectively carried out at an institutional level.Practical implicationsVLL professionals in higher education are increasingly called upon to conduct and to manage research. There are many calls on their time, and this research project has demonstrated an effective approach to their training in VLL research within a very limited time period.Originality/valueNo methods for developing university VLL professionals as researchers have previously been piloted or evaluated. The research demonstrates the effectiveness of a training method combining face‐to‐face and distance learning.
Delivering the “learning factory”?
Authors: Barton Harry , Delbridge Rick 
Published: July 2006

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to evidence the emergence of new forms of work organisation which if observed could be seen as consistent with the concept of the “learning factory”. This is attempted through reporting the views of those workers engaged in team based operations and reflects upon the emerging role of first‐line and team‐based supervisors. The implications of such developments are then considered from the perspective of the current HR plant managers.Design/methodology/approachThis paper reports on a study of 18 US and UK automotive component suppliers. The information gathered included questionnaire data detailing management practices and giving plant level performance measures. The paper draws primarily on data gathered from interviews conducted with workers, team leaders and managers, including HR managers.FindingsWhile the majority of plants may be some way from a “learning factory” model there is evidence of changing practices, structures and expectations in each that are in varying ways broadly consistent with elements of this approach. As a consequence of the prioritisation for increases in devolution of responsibility to other employees, the traditional role of the HR manager was seen to be evolving which to a number of managers was creating difficulties.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the growing evidence of the devolvement of traditional “managerial” responsibilities to lower levels within increasingly “lean” manufacturing organisations. It also comments on the evolving role of HR managers in contemporary manufacturing.
Numeric magnetic field calculation and field current calculation for synchronous generators
Authors: Kunckel Stephan , Liese M. 
Published: July 2006

PurposeThe paper aims to cover a numerical routine design calculation module for treating the magnetic circuit of hydrogenerators.Design/methodology/approachA leading manufacturer of hydrogenerators proposed to overcome the standstill in the development of conventional design calculation tools by replacing his existing program module for treating the magnetic circuit of hydrogenerators by a new one based on numerical algorithms. The new module should use the existing interfaces and not change the scope of the existing design program providing hundreds of additional design results. Fulfilling these requirements the numerical calculation module using an enhanced finite integral method had to be self‐organising with regard to everything, e.g. the grid system generation for discretising the calculation area, the handling of the input data including the currents driving the magnetic field, the handling of the boundary conditions and the iterative load case treatment providing the field current producing exactly the required terminal voltage and factor at the machine terminals. Efforts were made for employing grid generation techniques, numerical algorithms and various iteration strategies which were easy to handle and to minimize the calculation time.FindingsThe effort necessary for automating the calculation approach so that interference of a numerical field calculation expert is unnecessary was found to be more challenging than handling the numerical algorithms.Practical implicationsThe program module is ready for implementation.Originality/valueThe paper describes the transfer of numerical field calculation software into existing tools for routine design calculations.
Automation of finite element aided design of induction motors using multi‐slice 2D models
Authors: Griffiths D.R. , Sykulski J.K. 
Published: July 2006

PurposeTo develop a practical design tool employing a general purpose electromagnetic finite element (FE) software package to perform automated simulation and performance analysis of induction motors in a design and optimisation process.Design/methodology/approachRecent publications identified a suitable approach in applying 2D finite‐element analysis to 3D problems. This, together with other similar work carried out on brushless DC motors, set out a framework for program development. Performance of the program was validated against practical test data.FindingsFinite‐element analysis‐based design tools can be realistically employed within a design office environment and are capable of providing solutions within acceptable time scales. Such tools no longer require user expertise in the underlying FE modelling method. The multiple slice technique was employed to model skew in three‐phase induction motors and it was established that a four‐slice model provides a good balance between accuracy and speed of computation.Research limitations/implicationsProgram development was based on one commercial FE software package and comparison with practical test data was not exhaustive. However, the approach outlined confirms the practical application. Future work could consider alternative approaches to optimisation.Practical implicationsComputing hardware and commercially available 2D FE software have developed sufficiently to enable multi‐slice techniques and optimisation to be employed in the analysis and design of machines.Originality/valueThis paper provides a practical illustration of how commercial electromagnetic software can be employed as a design tool, demonstrating to industry that such tools no longer need to be bespoke and can realistically be used within a design office.
Finite element modeling of a two‐degree of freedom spherical actuator
Authors: Galary Grzegorz , Dehez Bruno , Grenier Damien 
Published: July 2006

PurposeComputational validation of the new concept of the rotor of the two‐degree of freedom spherical actuator is the aim of this paper.Design/methodology/approachThe first approach study leading to optimize the rotor's structure and parameters, realized using finite element method‐based software is presented. Rotor with two layers and rotor with ferromagnetic so‐called “teeth” crossing external layer are discussed.FindingsIt is shown that the rotor with teeth ensures higher torque and efficiency, but a negative slot effect appears, which is, however, possible to reduce.Research limitations/implicationsLimitations in the 3D simulations, especially lack of the movement modeling possibility. For the future the study of some other parameters such as the influence of the magnetic material's saturation, the geometrical from of the tooth and the appearance of the higher harmonics in the signal connected to the non‐sinusodial coupling between the rotor and the stator is considered, as well as the experimental confirmation.Originality/valueNew structure of the spherical actuator's rotor and its advantages are presented.
Modelling and position control of voltage forced electromechanical actuator
Authors: Stępień Sławomir , Patecki Andrzej 
Published: July 2006

PurposeTo present modelling and control technique of an electromagnetic actuator.Design/methodology/approachA 3D modelling technique of voltage‐forced electromechanical actuator takes into account: motion, magnetic non‐linearity and eddy current phenomena. Control problem of closed loop system is described by coupled electro‐magneto‐mechanical equations and non‐linear PID controller equations.FindingsPresented methodology offers a powerful tool for analysis of control systems with distributed parameters models and may contribute to the improvement of the electromechanical performance of electrodynamic devices.Originality/valueAs original contribution a position feedback control using conventional PID controller is applied for iterative determining inverse dynamic problem, that is finding input voltage for a given position of an actuator.
Acoustic simulation of an induction machine with squirrel‐cage rotor
Authors: Schlensok C. , van Riesen D. , Küest T. , Henneberger G. 
Published: July 2006

PurposeTo present results of research closely linked to real life applications and to resume the work of a period of a few years.Design/methodology/approachThe combination of finite‐element method (FEM) and boundary‐element method is applied to simulate the electromagnetic, mechanical, and acoustic behaviour of an induction machine with squirrel‐cage rotor. The paper gives an overall view of the workflow and the implemented mathematics, starting off with the two‐dimensional, transient electromagnetic simulation and the succeeding three‐dimensional, static electromagnetic simulation. Theory and results of the mechanical and acoustic simulations are discussed.FindingsA main result of the research work is that the simulation of the acoustic behaviour of an electrical machine is very time‐consuming. Furthermore, geometry adoption, especially of the mechanical model, is very sensible.Research limitations/implicationsUsing the FEM for simulation of structure dynamic problems is often limited to how the boundary layers are handled. In real life materials are not “connected” but glued or clamped. Therefore, the behaviour can only be adapted by manipulating the material parameters. There are other methods known for simulation, which could be applied. On the other hand, measurements could be used for iterative parameter adoption.Practical implicationsA significant result of the work is that the results obtained only allow for comparison. Exactness is more a question of modelling the real behaviour than matching the results to measurement in terms of values.Originality/valueThis paper gives an overview of how to simulate the complete chain from electromagnetics to acoustics of an electric machine.
Open tools for electromagnetic simulation programs
Authors: Mora Javier , Otín Rubén , Dadvand Pooyan , Escolano Enrique , Pasenau Miguel A. , Oñate Eugenio 
Published: July 2006

PurposeThe aim of the paper is to propose three computer tools to create electromagnetic simulation programs: GiD, Kratos and EMANT.Design/methodology/approachThe paper presents a review of numerical methods for solving electromagnetic problems and presentation of the main features of GiD, Kratos and EMANT.FindingsThe paper provides information about three computer tools to create electromagnetic simulation packages: GiD (geometrical modeling, data input, visualisation of results), Kratos (C++ library) and EMANT (finite element software for solving Maxwell equations).Research limitations/implicationsThe proposed platforms are in development and future work should be done to validate the codes for expecific problems and to provide extensive manual and tutorial information.Practical implicationsThe tools could be easily learnt by different user profiles: from end‐users interested in simulation programs to developers of simulation packages.Originality/valueThis paper offers an integrated vision of open and easily customisable tools for the demands of different users profiles.
3D topology optimization of magneto‐thermal systems
Authors: Shim Hokyung , Moon Heegon , Wang Semyung 
Published: July 2006

PurposeThis research aims to present a 3D multi‐objective approach regarding both magnetic and thermal characteristics associated with design of actuators.Design/methodology/approachThe adjoint variable topology sensitivity equations are derived using the continuum method for 3D optimization. Convection interpolation function is proposed for density method of topologies such that convection term can be taken into consideration for practical design in the process of the optimization. In application of a C‐core actuator, the sensitivity is verified using the finite difference method (FDM). The proposed method is applied to the C‐core actuator and a single‐phase induction motor.FindingsThe thermal field is much more sensitive than electromagnetics that the weighing factor is investigated in the SPIM. Optimal topology result shows that cutting is needed.Originality/valueA 3D topology optimization for magnetic and thermal systems using the finite element method is proposed.
Time domain sensitivity analysis of electromagnetic quantities utilising FEM for the identification of material conductivity distributions
Authors: Gawrylczyk Konstanty M. , Kugler Mateusz 
Published: July 2006

PurposeThis paper aims to present effective methods for computing electromagnetic field sensitivity in the time domain versus conductivity perturbations in finite elements.Design/methodology/approachTwo‐dimensional cases in linear, isotropic media are considered and two effective methods for sensitivity analysis of a magnetic vector potential in the time domain are described.FindingsThe paper finds that the convergence of numerical identification algorithm depends on exact measurement of magnetic flux density. For identification of real cracks the application of data filtering and TSVD regularization of Gauss‐Newton algorithm is necessary.Practical implicationsThe resultant gradient information may be used for solving inverse problems such as the identification of material conductivity distributions.Originality/valueThe algorithms described are based on known methods from established circuit theory – incremental circuit and adjoint circuit, these have been expanded to apply in electromagnetic field theory.
Modelling of magnetic anisotropy in the finite element method
Authors: Gómez E. , Roger‐Folch J. , Molina A. , Fuentes J.A. , Gabaldón A. , Torres R. 
Published: July 2006

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to present an approach, able to deal with different models for anisotropy in the finite element method, and how it can be integrated in its formulation.Design/methodology/approachThis approach is to apply this to the study of power transformers, in which grain‐oriented steel sheets are usually used. In this type of analysis, magnetic characteristics of the steel sheets such as non‐linearity and anisotropy, or even the hysteresis, must be taken into account.FindingsThe Newton‐Raphson method is generally used to solve the system of equations, but it is a CPU‐time‐consuming task, especially when finite element models and circuit equations are coupled and therefore, time is considered in the analysis.Originality/valueAn approach able to deal with different models for anisotropy in the finite element method is presented.
Three‐dimensional finite element modeling of inductive and capacitive effects in micro‐coils
Authors: Dular Patrick , Sabariego Ruth V. , Kuo‐Peng Patrick 
Published: July 2006

PurposeThe paper seeks to develop dual 3D finite element (FE) formulations for modeling both inductive and capacitive effects in massive inductors, in particular micro‐coils. The paper aims to build circuit relations relating the voltages and the currents in such inductors to be used in circuit coupling.Design/methodology/approachA circuit relation involving a unique voltage and complementary inductive and capacitive currents is defined for each inductor. The inductive circuit relation is first classically obtained by a FE magnetodynamic model. Then, the capacitive relation is obtained through a FE electric model, using sources evaluated from the first model. The conformity is defined on one hand for the magnetic flux density and the electric field, and on the other hand for the magnetic field and the electric flux density. Mixed FE, i.e. nodal, edge and face elements, are used to satisfy each chosen conformity level for the unknown fields and to naturally define the involved global quantities, i.e. the voltages, currents and charges.FindingsThis contribution points out the interest of satisfying conformity properties for the coupled magnetic and electric problems. An accurate computation of these effects is obtained in the critical frequency range of their strong interaction. In addition, the complementarity of dual solutions gives the possibility to estimate the discretisation error.Originality/valueThe mathematical and discretisation tools for any wished conformity level are unified for naturally coupling magnetic and electric problems. The global quantities basis functions involved in the FE circuit relations benefit from a significant support reduction, which facilitates their evaluation and gives them direct physical interpretations.
Numerical modeling of 3D intelligent comb drive accelerometer structure
Authors: Wiak Sławomir , Smółka Krzysztof , Dems Maria , Komęza Krzysztof 
Published: July 2006

PurposeThis paper aims to focus on the numerical modelling of 3D structure of surface micromachined (MEMS) accelerometers.Design/methodology/approachThe paper focuses on the methods of mechanical design and analysis of electrostatic accelerometers (comb drive structure) and uses computer simulation procedure leading to final structure design, then to be defined as a basic structure for stress analysis.FindingsThe strategy in computer modeling of accelerometer MEMS is satisfactory in order to simulate the electromechanical characteristics of different accelerometer structures (IMEMS).Originality/valueA novel complex strategy in computer modeling of accelerometer MEMS, based on solid modeling is proposed.