bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanisms of joint damage in an experimental model of hemophilic arthritis
Authors: Madhok Rajan , Bennett David , Sturrock R. D. , Forbes Charles D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAutologous whole blood was injected into the knee joints of rabbits 3 times each week for 12 weeks. The resulting destructive arthritis showed macroscopic and microscopic changes similar to those described in hemophilic arthritis in humans. Immunofluorescence studies indicated that a specific immune response is probably not involved in the pathogenesis of hemophilic arthritis. Detailed histopathologic examinations of knee joints in both the early and the late phase of arthritis revealed an obvious synovial and cartilage iron load, in the absence of inflammatory changes. The implications of these findings in the pathogenesis of destructive cartilage changes are discussed.
Partial C4A deficiency is associated with susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus in black americans
Authors: Wilson Wendell A. , Perez Myriam C. , Armatis Patricia E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn a study of 59 black American patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), we found that partial C4A deficiency occurred twice as frequently as in 59 control subjects (32.3% versus 15.3%; P = 0.02). Complete C4A deficiency, however, occurred in only 1 patient and in no controls. Partial C4A deficiency is a risk factor for SLE in black, as well as in white, SLE populations studied to date. In contrast with white patients, complete C4A deficiency occurs relatively infrequently in black patients with SLE.
Reactive arthritis associated with shigella sonnei infection
Authors: Lauhio Anneli , Lähdevirta Juhani , Janes Rita , Kontiainen Sirkka , Repo Heikki 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSeveral studies have failed to show an association between Shigella sonnei dysentery and reactive arthritis. We describe 3 patients who had reactive arthritis and a recent or concurrent S sonnei infection. To our knowledge, this is only the second study to suggest this association. We propose that S sonnei should be considered as a triggering agent for reactive arthritis.
Tuberculous rheumatism (poncet's disease) in a child
Authors: Southwood T. R. , Hancock E. J. , Petty R. E. , Malleson P. N. , Thiessen P. N. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA 2‐year‐old boy who had increasing difficulty walking and had large, warm, sterile knee and ankle effusions was found to have active vertebral tuberculosis and a large prevertebral abscess. Lymphocyte proliferation assays demonstrated increased purified protein derivative‐induced reactivity of synovial fluid lymphocytes compared with peripheral blood lymphocytes. The arthritis responded rapidly to antituberculous and antiinflammatory drugs. This patient's disease represented an example of tuberculous rheumatism (Poncet's disease).
A novel autoantibody causing a peripheral fluorescent antinuclear antibody pattern is specific for nuclear pore complexes
Authors: Dagenais André , Bibor‐Hardy Viviane , Senécal Jean‐Luc 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe characterized serum from a patient with polymyositis, and found that it produced a peripheral (rim) fluorescent antinuclear antibody pattern on rat liver substrate. Indirect immunofluorescence analysis revealed a punctate pattern at the nuclear surface of PtK2, BHK‐21, and HEp‐2 cells. This pattern was still present after sequential extraction in situ with non‐ionic detergent, DNase, RNase, and high ionic strength buffer (2M NaCl). Immunogold electron microscopic localization was specific for nuclear pore complexes. By immunoblot analysis, the antigens were polypeptides of 200 kd and 130 kd that were enriched in the nuclear fraction.
Formal education level as a significant marker of clinical status in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Callahan Leigh F. , Pincus Theodore 
Published: February 2007

AbstractClinical status was assessed in 385 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, according to erythrocyte sedimentation rate, joint count, grip strength, walking time, and other quantitative measures. All measures indicated substantially poorer clinical status in patients who did not complete high school, compared with those who had completed high school. In general, the poorest results were seen in patients with only a grade school education. Progressively better results were seen in patients with some high school education, high school graduates, and patients with some college education. No differences in clinical status were seen among patients who had attended college, graduated from college, or had post‐graduate education. Although patients seen at the Veterans Administration Medical Center had lower levels of formal education than those seen at a university clinic and private practices, trends in clinical status according to formal education level were similar in all three clinical settings. Differences in clinical status according to formal education level are not explained by age, sex, duration of disease, clinical setting, or multiple comparisons. Formal education level may identify an important marker of clinical status in rheumatoid arthritis.
Serum levels of interleukin‐2 receptor and activity of rheumatic diseases characterized by immune system activation
Authors: Campen David H. , Horwitz David A. , Quismorio Francisco P. , Ehresmann Glenn R. , John Martin W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractLevels of interleukin‐2 receptors (IL‐2R), as measured by a double‐antibody “sandwich” enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay technique, were markedly elevated in the serum of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and bacterial endocarditis, but not in patients with acute gout. Serum levels of IL‐2R correlated strongly with clinical and laboratory indicators of disease activity in patients with lupus and in those with rheumatoid arthritis. This relationship was confirmed by sequential determinations in individual patients. Serum IL‐2R values correlated with disease activity better than did the Westergren erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Our findings indicate that serum levels of IL‐2R may serve as a reliable serologic indicator of disease activity in inflammatory diseases characterized by immune system activation.
Nonlinkage of the t cell receptor α, β, and γ genes to systemic lupus erythematosus in multiplex families
Authors: Wong David W. , Bentwich Zvi , Martinez‐Tarquino Carlos , Seidman J. G. , Duby Allan D. , Quertermous Thomas , Schur Peter H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTo test the possibility that T cell antigen receptor (TcR) genes are linked to the genes involved in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), genomic DNA restriction fragment length polymorphisms were studied, using the Southern blot technique, in 5 families with multiple members with SLE, 14 unrelated SLE patients, and 14 normal controls. Polymorphic patterns were detected with probes for all 3 TcR chains, but there was no significant difference in the distribution of the restriction fragment length polymorphism pattern among the patients, the relatives, and the controls. Furthermore, in the families with at least 2 individuals with the disease, each of the 3 TcR chain genes did not cosegregate with the disease. We conclude that TcRα, β, γ chain genes are not likely to be linked to genes related to SLE.
Postdysenteric reactive arthritis
Authors: Inman R. D. , Johnston M. E. A. , Hodge M. , Falk J. , Helewa A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFollowing an outbreak of foodborne gastroenteritis caused by Salmonella typhimurium, questionnaires were sent to affected individuals and then to the family physicians of any who experienced extra‐enteric complications. Of 260 individuals infected with S typhimurium for whom adequate data were obtained, 19 patients developed joint disease (7.3%). All were men; the mean age ± SD was 39.3 ± 1.6 years. Among the 16 patients for whom this information was available, the interval from the onset of diarrhea to the onset of joint pain was <7 days in 7, 8–21 days in 2, and >21 days in 7. There was a significantly longer duration of diarrhea in those patients with joint disease (mean ± SEM 15.2 ± 2.6 days) than in those without complications (10.0 ± 1.1 days) (P < 0.01). The joint disease was monarticular in 3 patients and polyarticular in 16. The joints most commonly affected were the elbow (47%), wrist (47%), knee (42%), low back (32%), and shoulder (32%). Six of the 19 patients had at least 1 extraarticular feature: ocular (5 patients), mucosal (1 patient), urethral (2 patients), or cutaneous (1 patient). Of these 19 patients, 11 were located and agreed to HLA typing. Four were positive for HLA—B27, 6 were HLA—B7 positive, and 1 had HLA—Bw60. Of the 4 B27 positive patients, 3 were DR1 positive; of the 6 B7 positive patients, 5 were DR2 positive. A followup assessment 12.1 months after the acute infection revealed that of the 15 patients with arthritis (4 patients were lost to followup), 8 no longer had symptoms and 7 had persistent joint symptoms. Mucosal and urethral symptoms had resolved in all, and ocular symptoms had resolved in 90%. These findings highlight the interplay of microbe and major histocompatibility complex, a phenomenon that appears to be a precondition for the development of reactive arthritis.
Examination of subchondral bone architecture in experimental osteoarthritis by microscopic computed axial tomography
Authors: Layton Mark W. , Goldstein Steven A. , Goulet Robert W. , Feldkamp Lee A. , Kubinski David J. , Bole Giles G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSubchondral bone changes have been proposed as an early event in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis. In this study, microscopic computed axial tomography was used to evaluate the subchondral bone structure in femoral heads from a guinea pig model of osteoarthritis. Examination of trabecular bone within the femoral head showed a highly significant increase in bone fraction in the experimental animals. This was due to the development of trabeculae that were thicker and closer together. We conclude that trabecular remodeling may be an early event in this model of osteoarthritis.
Scleromyxedema myopathy: case report and review of the literature
Authors: Helfrich David J. , Walker E. R. , Martinez A. Julio , Medsger Thomas A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe describe a patient who had scleromyxedema associated with proximal myopathy. The histopathologic and electron microscopic features are presented. In addition, we review the clinical and pathologic features of all 9 previously reported patients with documented scleromyxedema and myopathy. Proximal (pharyngeal) or distal dysphagia (7 of 7 patients), elevated creatine kinase (5 of 8), elevated aldolase (3 of 3), and electromyographically demonstrated myopathy (7 of 7) were usual features. Four patients had muscle biopsies that showed myofibril vacuolar changes, but inflammation was infrequent (2 cases). Our patient responded to oral prednisone and weekly intravenous methotrexate with improvement of the erythroderma, papular rash, and muscle strength.
A novel neuronal antigen identified by sera from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Hanly John G. , Rajaraman Selva , Behmann Sharon , Denburg Judah A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractUsing human neuroblastoma cell lines (IMR‐6, NMB‐7, SK—c, SK—H) as sources, we characterized surface neuronal antigens as an initial step in determining the pathogenic role and clinical significance of neuronal antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. SLE sera were screened for the presence of surface neuronal antibodies using a mixed hemadsorption assay. Thirty SLE sera were further tested by Western blotting and immunoprecipitation of lysed IMR‐6 cells. Western blotting revealed binding to predominantly intracellular antigens, none of which was restricted to neuroblastoma cells. In contrast, immunoprecipitation experiments demonstrated binding to a 97K antigen, which appeared to be of surface origin, by 3 SLE sera. This was not present on non‐neuronal cells and was not precipitated by sera from healthy or disease controls. This 97K antigen was also precipitated from the neuroblastoma cell line NMB‐7, but was not present on SK—c or SK—H cells. Precipitation was depleted by preabsorption with viable IMR‐6 and NMB‐7 cells, but not with non‐neuronal cells. Thus, some SLE sera recognize a 97K neuronal antigen on select neuroblastoma cells.
Acute nonlymphocytic leukemia following short‐term, intermittent, intravenous cyclophosphamide treatment of lupus nephritis
Authors: Gibbons Robert B. , Westerman Eric 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIntermittent intravenous cyclophosphamide therapy has been shown to be effective in the management of lupus nephritis. There have been no reports of malignancies associated with such treatment regimens. We describe a patient who developed acute nonlymphocytic leukemia after receiving a total dose of 4 gm of cyclophosphamide over a 1‐year period.
Assessment of disease activity in essential cryoglobulinemia by serum levels of a basement membrane antigen, laminin
Authors: Gabrielli Armando , Marchegiani Gabriele , Rupoli Serena , Ansuini Giuseppina , Brocks Dietrich G. , Danieli Giovanni , Timpl Rupert 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWhen compared with 40 normal controls, 46 patients with essential cryoglobulinemia had higher serum concentrations of a basement membrane antigen, laminin fragment P1 (LP1). Serum LP1 values were more pronounced in patients with visceral involvement, compared with those with skin vasculitis only. Asymptomatic patients or those with arthralgia usually had normal values. Increased disease activity was associated with a significant increase in LP1 (P < 0.01). For evaluation of disease activity, determination of serum LP1 was a more sensitive measure than any complement factor assay.
Prognosis in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Reveille John D. , Bartolucci Alfred , Alarcón Graciela S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTo assess the impact of demographic and clinical factors on prognosis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), we examined survivorship by life‐table analysis in 389 patients. There were approximately equal numbers of Caucasian patients and American black patients in this study group. On both univariate and multivariate analyses, we found that both American black race and increasing age at SLE onset independently worsened the probability of survival. Of all the clinical factors we analyzed, thrombocytopenia emerged as the only independent risk factor for a worse prognosis in SLE. In all clinical and demographic groups considered, the leading cause of death was infection.
C‐MYC proto‐oncogene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome
Authors: Boumpas Dimitrios T. , Eleftheriades Elias G. , Molina Rudolpho , Barez Shirin , Atkinson Jane , Older Steven A. , Balow James E. , Tsokos George C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe examined peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from 16 patients with Sjögren's syndrome (SS) and 7 normal control subjects for the expression of the c‐myc proto‐oncogene. Patients with SS were found to have a significantly increased expression of c‐myc messenger RNA compared with normal individuals. No abnormal forms of c‐myc RNA were detected in the SS patients. DNA analysis did not show deletion, rearrangement, or amplification in the c‐myc proto‐oncogene. The methylation status of the c‐myc gene in patients with SS was found to be comparable with that of the control subjects. Nuclear run‐off assays showed increased transcription of the c‐myc gene in some patients but normal transcription in others, suggesting that posttranscriptional mechanisms are also involved in the increased c‐myc messenger RNA observed in these patients. Two patients with primary SS and B cell lymphomas were found to have normal c‐myc expression in their PBMC. These results demonstrate the presence of activated PBMC in patients with primary SS and delineate some of the mechanisms that are involved at the molecular level. We speculate that increased c‐myc expression may represent an early permissive event in the progression toward neoplasia in these patients.
Inhibition of osteoclastic bone resorption by mechanical stimulation in vitro
Authors: Klein‐Nulend Jenneke , Paul Veldhuijzen J. , Van Strien Michael E , Jong Marcel De , Burger Elisabeth H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe influence of mechanical stimulation by intermittent compressive force (ICF) of physiologic magnitude on osteoclastic bone resorption was investigated in cultures of fetal mouse cartilaginous long bones. Exposure to ICF resulted in a significant decrease in mineral resorption, as indicated by the decreased release of 45Ca and a decreased number of osteoclasts in the diaphysis. Conditioned medium (CM) from ICF‐exposed periosteum‐free cultures (ICF‐CM), but not from control cultures (Co‐CM), inhibited mineral resorption in fresh bones cultured under control conditions. Co‐CM increased, but ICF‐CM decreased, the number of tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase‐positive cells in 7‐day bone marrow cultures. Direct exposure of bone marrow cultures to ICF yielded the same results. Thus, osteoclastic bone resorption in cartilaginous long bones is inhibited by ICF in vitro. A soluble factor(s) acting on tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase‐positive, osteoclast precursor‐like cells seems to play a role in this effect.
Hydrostatic and oncotic determinants of microvascular fluid balance in normal canine joints
Authors: Simkin Peter A. , Benedict Richard S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWater moves between plasma (p) and synovial fluid (SF) in response to gradients in the balance of opposing hydrostatic pressures (HP) and oncotic pressures (OP). At the vascular site where proximal filtration ceases and distal reabsorption begins, all forces are theoretically in balance. At this point, the transitional microvascular pressure (TMP) may be estimated from the equation TMP = HPSF + OPp − OPSF. We measured these forces in the shoulders, wrists, and knees of 10 normal dogs, ages 2–10 years. The mean HPSF in the knee was lower than that in the shoulders and significantly lower than that in the wrist. Conversely, the OPSF in the wrist was significantly lower than that in the shoulder or the knee. These factors combined indicate that the microvascular bed in the normal knee has a remarkably low mean TMP (7.9 mm Hg). We also found a strong positive correlation between the age of each dog and the mean oncotic pressure of its SF.
Substance p and arthritis: analysis of plasma and synovial fluid levels
Authors: Wayne Marshall K. , Chiu Basil , Inman Robert D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe uncadecapeptide substance P (SP), which is localized in peripheral and central terminals of afferent nerve fibers with polymodal nociceptors, has recently been implicated as having a neurogenic, inflammatory role in experimental arthritis. We used a radioimmunoassay to measure SP levels in plasma and synovial fluid samples from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoarthritis (OA), Reiter's syndrome (RS), and posttraumatic arthritis, as well as in plasma samples from 13 normal subjects. Plasma SP levels in RS patients exceeded levels in RA and OA patients, which in turn exceeded levels in posttrauma patients and in normal subjects. Synovial fluid SP levels exceeded respective plasma levels for all groups, except in RS patients, in whom the plasma level was not significantly different from that in synovial fluid. SP levels in synovial fluid of RA, OA, and RS patients did not differ significantly from each other, but the level in posttrauma patients was higher than in all other groups (P > 0.005). These studies demonstrate localized intraarticular SP release, and significant plasma/synovial fluid SP concentration gradients in several forms of arthritis.
Estrogen metabolism in the (New Zealand black × New Zealand white)F1 Murine model of systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Baer Alan N. , Green Floyd A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHepatic microsomal estrogen metabolism was analyzed in the (New Zealand black × New Zealand white)F1 ([NZB × NZW]F1) murine model of systemic lupus erythematosus. Both the estrogen 2‐hydroxylase activity (per mg microsomal protein) and the hepatic cytochrome P‐450 content were higher in premorbid (NZB × NZW)F1 mice, as compared with similarly aged nonautoimmune mice. However, these differences were not associated with alterations in the relative formation of the 2‐hydroxylated and the 16α‐hydroxylated metabolites. The development of overt nephritis was associated with a decrease in estrogen metabolic activity, but not with any alteration in the distribution of estrogen metabolites. Thus, estrogen metabolism was not altered in premorbid (NZB × NZW)F1 mice in a manner that would result in abnormal retention of hormonally active metabolites.
The american college of rheumatology 1990 criteria for the classification of fibromyalgia
Authors: Wolfe Frederick , Smythe Hugh A. , Yunus Muhammad B. , Bennett Robert M. , Bombardier Claire , Goldenberg Don L. , Tugwell Peter , Campbell Stephen M. , Abeles Micha , Clark Patricia , Fam Adel G. , Farber Stephen J. , Fiechtner Justus J. , Michael Franklin C. , Gatter Robert A. , Hamaty Daniel , Lessard James , Lichtbroun Alan S. , Masi Alfonse T. , Mccain Glenn A. , John Reynolds W. , Romano Thomas J. , Jon Russell I. , Sheon Robert P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTo develop criteria for the classification of fibromyalgia, we studied 558 consecutive patients: 293 patients with fibromyalgia and 265 control patients. Interviews and examinations were performed by trained, blinded assessors. Control patients for the group with primary fibromyalgia were matched for age and sex, and limited to patients with disorders that could be confused with primary fibromyalgia. Control patients for the group with secondary‐concomitant fibromyalgia were matched for age, sex, and concomitant rheumatic disorders. Widespread pain (axial plus upper and lower segment plus left‐ and right‐sided pain) was found in 97.6% of all patients with fibromyalgia and in 69.1% of all control patients. The combination of widespread pain and mild or greater tenderness in ⩾ 11 of 18 tender point sites yielded a sensitivity of 88.4% and a specificity of 81.1%. Primary fibromyalgia patients and secondary‐concomitant fibromyalgia patients did not differ statistically in any major study variable, and the criteria performed equally well in patients with and those without concomitant rheumatic conditions. The newly proposed criteria for the classification of fibromyalgia are 1) widespread painin combination with2) tenderness at 11 or more of the 18 specific tender point sites. No exclusions are made for the presence of concomitant radiographic or laboratory abnormalities. At the diagnostic or classification level, the distinction between primary fibromyalgia and secondary‐concomitant fibromyalgia (as defined in the text) is abandoned.
Osteoarthritis‐related changes in human articular cartilage
Authors: Vilamitjana‐Amedee J. , Harmand M.‐F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe report the use of immunologic methods for detecting specific alterations in human osteoarthritic cartilage. Monoclonal antibodies with specificities for proteoglycans and link proteins have been used to define immunogenic sites in these molecules. We have identified 1 site in the protein core, 1 site in the link proteins, and another site that is common to both proteoglycan and link proteins, which are not modified in osteoarthritic cartilage. In addition, an antigenic determinant in link proteins that is altered in osteoarthritic cartilage has been identified. These results suggest that the structure of the ternary complex (hyaluronic acid binding region‐link proteins‐hyaluronic acid) could be altered in osteoarthritic cartilage. These modifications may be due to a genetic defect or to partial enzymatic degradation of these sites.