bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Economic supply chain modelling of industrial insect production in the Netherlands
Authors: Leipertz M. , Hogeveen H. , Saatkamp H.W. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Defatted larvae meal (dLM), specifically from black soldier flies, could help overcome the animal protein gap. As insect production is an emerging sector, current economic research is scarce and very diverse. Thus, the aim of this research was to develop a simulation model that enables the analysis of full industrial scale costs of producing dLM and to provide insight in the distribution of these costs in the insect supply chain. The deterministic supply chain model is built on three modules, technical, transition and economic module, which all follow a previously defined supply chain structure and allow to extract quantity and price information for intermediate or final products. The model was parameterized and checked for plausibility in multiple consultation rounds with the INSECTFEED consortium and business partners. Additionally, model behaviour was checked with scenario, sensitivity, and break-even price analyses. In the default situation 5.57 tDM raw substrate and 26.7 million neonates are required to produce 1 tDM dLM for a price of €5,116/tDM. Most costs are added in the raw substrate delivery (€1,952/tDM) and production and collection (€821/tDM) step. Important cost factors are the raw substrate (€1,939/tDM) and building and inventory (€1,459/tDM). Parameters with high relative response rate towards the price of dLM are the feed conversion rate, dry matter percentage of larvae, raw substrate price, larvae density, labour wage and growth rate. To reach break-even prices for substituting fish meal with alive grown larvae (AGL) (€1,318/tDM AGL), improving production parameters is not sufficient. Just changing prices of raw substrate to −€78/tDM or frass to €1,175/tDM would enable a profitable operation. However, these are not deemed as realistic in mass production. Although there is some insecurity in data, the model results are the most realistic representation of industrial scale production amounts and costs.
Density-dependent development of the yellow mealworm Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
Authors: Koutsogeorgiou E.I. , Gourgouta M. , Rumbos C.I. , Grigoriadou K. , Bonos E. , Giannenas I. , Athanassiou C.G. , Andreadis S.S. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The increasing global population has led to high food demand and the interest for alternative resources is highly topical. The interest in utilizing insects as a source of food and feed has been rapidly increasing, as the on-growing population has made the need for protein even more demanding. Insect rearing is economically viable, since they can be fed with organic waste and agricultural by-products. The inclusion of bioactive compounds and active ingredients in insect diets has been identified as a potential key factor for enhancing their growth and performance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a diet enriched with functional ingredients of medicinal and aromatic plants and agricultural by-products of the Greek flora on the growth, survival and development of larvae of the yellow mealworm, Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), in the context of larval density-induced stress. Wheat bran enriched with 5%, 10% or 20% of a prepared mixture containing post-distillation residues of medicinal and aromatic plants of the Greek flora (oregano, thyme, sage and rosemary, linseed oil, rock-samphire, industrial cannabis, and olive paste by-product) was evaluated as insect feeding substrate, whereas wheat bran alone (0% enrichment) served as control. Groups of 25, 50, 75 and 100 first instar larvae were separately collected, weighed, and put in cylindrical plastic cups to test if larval density had any effect on survival and development. According to our results, the final larval weight of T. molitor is significantly affected by the density of larvae but not by the rearing substrate. The highest individual weight among all tested substrates was achieved at the density of 25 larvae. Individual weights were highest when larvae were reared on 5% mixture. The weight of those reared on the control substrate was slightly lower, followed by the 10% and 20% mixtures. Larvae fed with 10% enriched substrate showed the highest survival rate, followed closely by those fed with the control and 5% substrates. Our results clearly demonstrate that larval survival is not density dependent, but density is important in the case of individual larval weight.
Imperialism, Ecological Imperialism, and Green Imperialism: An Overview
Authors: Pedregal Alejandro , Lukić Nemanja 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This article aims to explore the relationship between imperialism and political ecology, the identifying characteristics of the historical development of ecological imperialism, and the ecosocial implications of its cosmetic adaptation—namely, green imperialism—in a context of growing threat and biophysical concern. We first provide a succinct updated definition of imperialism based on world-systems analysis, which serves to understand imperialism as the system of economic domination of global capitalism, placing countries at the core of the system at one pole of extraction of labor, energy, and material resources, and those at the periphery at the opposite pole of supply. This hierarchization helps to understand ecological imperialism as a series of externalizations that the core tends to implement globally, transforming the periphery into a drain for these externalizations. As part of it, green imperialism appears as a new mode of accumulation aimed at preserving the imperial mode of living in the core legitimized by supposedly environmentally beneficial policies and discourses. We conclude by addressing the need for a fruitful dialogue between the critiques of ecologically unequal exchange and the radical positions of contemporary degrowth in order to reduce the most harmful productive sectors and favor a socially just transition and development in the Global South.
Four new species of Darwin wasps from Türkiye
Authors: KAPLAN EMİN 
Published: March 2024

Four new ichneumonid taxa from three subfamilies are described from eastern Türkiye: Cryptus ayseae Kaplan sp. nov. and Mesostenus kamileae Kaplan sp. nov. (Cryptinae), Ichneumon licensis Kaplan sp. nov. (Ichneumoninae), Exochus ahmedi Kaplan sp. nov. (Metopiinae).
Carotid Artery Stenosis as a Predictor for Stroke Following Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation
Authors: Taube Leonard , Sugiura Atsushi , Hartmann Arthur , Schaefer Christian , Hamiko Marwan , Zimmer Sebastian , Nickenig Georg , Schahab Nadjib 
Published: March 2024

Stroke remains a clinical risk in the long-term follow-up of patients after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). We aimed to investigate the association between existing carotid artery stenosis (CS) and the risk of stroke after TAVI. The study participants were consecutive patients who underwent TAVI between 2008 and 2020 and were screened for CS at baseline and at the 30-day follow-up. Hemodynamically relevant CS was defined as a reduction of the carotid artery caliber by >50% in relation to the distal segment. The primary endpoint of this study was ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) within 30 days of TAVI. Stroke-related death was also assessed. Of the 1,537 patients included, 220 (14.3%) patients had CS ≥50%. Within 30 days following TAVI, 41 patients (2.7%) experienced an ischemic stroke or TIA, and seven had stroke-related death. The median time from TAVI to stroke/TIA was 3.0 days. Patients with CS ≥50% had a 2.56-fold increased risk of stroke/TIA after TAVI (95%CI: 1.29–5.10, P = .006). The association was consistent in the multivariable model after adjusting for sex, atrial fibrillation, and estimated glomerular filtration rate. Investigations are needed to mitigate the risk of stroke in patients with CS ≥50%.
Effects of contaminant diffusion on the fresh air inlets of a clean room workshop
Authors: Xu Jinrui , Qian Zhen , Zhang Ke 
Published: March 2024

In this study, a clean workshop is the subject of our research study, and computational fluid dynamics methods are applied to investigate the effect of exhaust pipe height, exhaust velocity, barrier structure, and wind direction on contaminant diffusion from the clean workshop. Results show that an increase in exhaust pipe height and exhaust velocity or a decrease in barrier height can effectively reduce the pollutant concentration at each fresh air inlet (FAI). Along the wind direction, the contaminant concentration initially increases and then decreases as distance increases. When the height of the exhaust pipe reaches 45 m, the effect of pollutants on the FAI is insignificant. When the exhaust velocity reaches 12 m/s, the effect of pollutants on the FAI weakens as the emission speed of flue gas increases. Reducing the height of the barrier to 29–31 m can effectively improve the concentration of pollutants at each FAI. Practical implications The mechanism by which the exhaust pipe height, exhaust velocity, barrier structure, and wind direction affect pollutant diffusion from a clean room workshop is systematically investigated by combining the CFD methods with an actual clean workshop as the research object, and the optimal pollutant reduction conditions are presented, thus providing scientific guidance for the construction of clean plants and the reduction of pollutant emissions.
What are the anticipated benefits, risks, barriers and facilitators to implementing person-centred outcome measures into routine care for children and young people with life-limiting and life-threatening conditions? A qualitative interview study with key stakeholders
Authors: Scott Hannah May , Coombes Lucy , Braybrook Debbie , Harðardóttir Daney , Roach Anna , Bristowe Katherine , Bluebond-Langner Myra , Fraser Lorna K , Downing Julia , Farsides Bobbie , Murtagh Fliss EM , Ellis-Smith Clare , Harding Richard 
Published: March 2024

Background: There is a growing evidence-base underpinning implementation of person-centred outcome measures into adult palliative care. However evidence on how best to achieve this with children facing life-threatening and life-limiting conditions is limited. Aim: To identify the anticipated benefits, risks, barriers and facilitators to implementing person-centred outcome measures for children with life-limiting and life-threatening conditions. Design: Cross-sectional qualitative semi-structured interview study with key stakeholders analysed using Framework analysis informed by the adapted-Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. Setting/participants: A total of n = 26 children with life-limiting or life-threatening conditions, n = 40 parents/carers, n = 13 siblings and n = 15 health and social care professionals recruited from six hospitals and three children’s hospices and n = 12 Commissioners of health services. Results: All participants were supportive of future implementation of person-centred outcome measures into care. Anticipated benefits included: better understanding of patient and family priorities, improved communication and collaborative working between professionals and families and standardisation in data collection and reporting. Anticipated risks included increased workload for staff and measures not being used as intended. Implementation barriers included: acceptability and usability of outcome measures by children; burden and capacity of parents/carers regarding completion; privacy concerns; and language barriers. Implementation facilitators included designing measures using language that is meaningful to children and families, ensuring potential benefits of person-centred outcome measures are communicated to encourage ‘buy-in’ and administering measures with known and trusted professional. Conclusions: Implementation of person-centred outcome measures offer potential benefits for children with life-limiting and life-threatening conditions. Eight recommendations are made to maximise benefits and minimise risks in implementation.
Knowledge and awareness of early gastrointestinal cancer screening in Sunan Yugur Autonomous County in Gansu, China
Authors: Wang Caihong , Niu Yumei 
Published: March 2024

Objective We aimed to assess the level of knowledge and awareness regarding the need for screening of early gastrointestinal cancer among residents of Sunan Yugur Autonomous County in China. Methods In this cross-sectional study, we conducted a survey among permanent residents of Sunan Yugur Autonomous County from January 2020 to January 2023 using a questionnaire to obtain data on knowledge regarding early gastrointestinal cancer screening. Results The survey included 12,000 residents. Among participants, 62.30% (7476/12,000) were aware of the need for early gastrointestinal cancer screening. Awareness about the need for early gastrointestinal cancer screening differed significantly based on participants’ sex, age, level of education, area of residence, and ethnicity. Conclusion The level of awareness regarding the need for early gastrointestinal cancer screening was relatively low in our study population. The government and medical institutions should provide information and promote early gastrointestinal cancer screening in the region to improve the health status and quality of life among the Yugur people.
Dynamic lymphocyte-CRP ratio as a predictor: a single-centre retrospective study on disease severity and progression in adult COVID-19 patients
Authors: Wang Dan , Gao Yang , Lai Qi-Qi , Wu Di , Liu Hui-Ying , Meng Huan , Wang Xin-Tong , Tang Yu-Jia , Xu Jia-Xi , Zhang Jia-Ning , Liu Bo-Wen , Zhang Jian-Nan , Fei Dong-Sheng , Kang Kai 
Published: March 2024

Objective To assess the efficacy of dynamic changes in lymphocyte-C-reactive protein ratio (LCR) on differentiating disease severity and predicting disease progression in adult patients with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods This single-centre retrospective study enrolled adult COVID-19 patients categorized into moderate, severe and critical groups according to the Diagnosis and Treatment of New Coronavirus Pneumonia (ninth edition). Demographic and clinical data were collected. LCR and sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score were calculated. Lymphocyte count and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were monitored on up to four occasions. Disease severity was determined concurrently with each LCR measurement. Results This study included 145 patients assigned to moderate ( n = 105), severe ( n = 33) and critical groups ( n = 7). On admission, significant differences were observed among different disease severity groups including age, comorbidities, neutrophil proportion, lymphocyte count and proportion, D-Dimer, albumin, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, indirect bilirubin, CRP and SOFA score. Dynamic changes in LCR showed significant differences across different disease severity groups at different times, which were significantly inversely correlated with disease severity of COVID-19, with correlation coefficients of −0.564, −0.548, −0.550 and −0.429 at four different times. Conclusion Dynamic changes in LCR can effectively differentiate disease severity and predict disease progression in adult COVID-19 patients.
Moral disengagement, moral identity, and counterproductive work behavior among emergency nurses
Authors: Ke Yanfei , Li Fuda 
Published: March 2024

Background Morality is a fundamental component of nurses’ daily work. Nurses’ cognitive tendencies toward moral disengagement in high-stress work environments can easily lead them to engage in counterproductive work behaviors that are not conducive to the organization. However, there is limited research on how to mitigate the impact of moral disengagement on counterproductive work behavior. Objective The objective was to explore the impact of moral disengagement on counterproductive work behavior, as well as the reverse regulatory mechanism of moral identity on the relationship between moral disengagement and counterproductive work behavior. Research design This was a quantitative, cross-sectional study. Participants and research context From September to October 2023, nurses from emergency departments of major hospitals in Hunan Province were recruited, and 500 questionnaires were distributed and collected using the WeChat app Credamo Seeing Numbers. Ethical consideration All study procedures were approved by the Ethics Committee of Hunan Normal University (No. 2023-388). Findings Moral disengagement had a positive effect on counterproductive work behavior directed at the organization (CWB-O) as well as counterproductive work behavior directed at individuals (CWB-I). Moral identity was not significant in moderating the relationship between moral disengagement and CWB-O. Moral identity had an inverse moderating effect on the mechanism of action between moral disengagement and CWB-I. Conclusion Counterproductive work behavior guided by moral disengagement is detrimental to organizations, and moral identity can inhibit the effect of moral disengagement on CWB-I. Nursing administrators should focus on improving nurses’ moral identity and improving the healthcare workplace environment so that moral identity can better exert its inhibitory effect on counterproductive work behavior among nurses.
Massage ameliorates lumbar disc herniation-related radicular pain in rats by suppressing TLR4/NLRP3 inflammasome signaling transduction
Authors: Hu Yanping , Zhao Xin , Chen Mingyang , Zhou Fan , Zhang Xuelong , Chen Changhuan , Wan Qi , He Shenghua 
Published: March 2024

Background Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is a common spinal disease that can cause severe radicular pain. Massage, also known as Tuina in Chinese, has been indicated to exert an analgesic effect in patients with LDH. Nonetheless, the mechanism underlying this effect of massage on LDH remains unclarified. Methods Forty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups. A rat LDH model was established by autologous nucleus pulpous (NP) implantation, followed by treatment with or without massage. A toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) antagonist TAK-242 was administrated to rats for blocking TLR4. Behavioral tests were conducted to examine rat mechanical and thermal sensitivities. Western blotting was employed for determining TLR4 and NLRP3 inflammasome-associated protein levels in the spinal dorsal horn (SDH). Immunofluorescence staining was implemented for estimating the microglial marker Iba-1 expression in rat SDH tissue. Results NP implantation induced mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia in rat ipsilateral hindpaws and activated TLR4/NLRP3 inflammasome signaling transduction in the ipsilateral SDH. Massage therapy or TAK-242 administration relieved NP implantation-triggered pain behaviors in rats. Massage or TAK-242 hindered microglia activation and blocked TLR4/NLRP3 inflammasome activation in ipsilateral SDH of LDH rats. Conclusion Massage ameliorates LDH-related radicular pain in rats by suppressing microglia activation and TLR4/NLRP3 inflammasome signaling transduction.
Long-Term Effects and Prognosis Following Suction Blister Epidermal Grafting in Vitiligo Patients
Authors: Shi Xiaoyi , Wang Fang , Sun Yifang , Du Juan , Ding Xiaolan 
Published: March 2024

Background: Suction blister epidermal grafting (SBEG) is currently one of the most prevalent surgical methods for stable vitiligo. Objective: To investigate the long-term outcomes of vitiligo patients who underwent SBEG and to explore risk factors associated with postoperative relapse. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in patients who underwent SBEG in our department between January 2016 and December 2022. Treatment outcomes, including repigmentation rate, adverse events, and postoperative relapse, were surveyed via telephone interview or out-=patient visit. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to assess the potential risk factors for postoperative relapse. Statistical significance was assumed at P < .05. Results: A total of 253 patients were included with a repigmentation rate of 96% (243/253) after grafting. Common adverse events included cobblestone-like appearance (73.1%, 185/253) in the donor site, perigraft halo (46.2%, 117/253), and cobblestone-like appearance (26.1%, 66/253) in the recipient site. Postoperative relapse occurred in 20.1% of patients over a mean time of 29.7 months after grafting. Nonsegmental type of vitiligo and coexistence of autoimmune diseases were risk factors for postoperative relapse. Conclusion: SBEG is an effective surgical treatment for vitiligo with high repigmentation rate and good safety profile. Nonsegmental vitiligo and comorbid autoimmune diseases may increase the risk of postoperative relapse.
Preventing smoking initiation in adolescents living in vulnerable socioeconomic conditions: Study protocol of the KickAsh!-intervention
Authors: Demeester Babette , Verloigne Maïté , Willems Sara , Leta Kenji , Lauwerier Emelien 
Published: March 2024

Aims: Adolescents living in vulnerable socioeconomic conditions are confronted with tobacco-related health disparities. As school-based interventions appear to be less effective among these youngsters, other approaches are necessary. One promising avenue is youth social work settings that offer sport and recreational activities (SR-settings). SR-settings have been examined as a levering context for health promotion, but evidence regarding smoking prevention is currently lacking. Methods: This study describes the protocol of a non-randomised cluster controlled trial evaluating a smoking prevention intervention for adolescents. At least 24 SR-settings are needed for the intervention and control group. A mixed-method design will be used. Quantitative measures will be used to assess effectiveness, involving validated questionnaires on smoking initiation behaviour and influencing factors (i.e. attitude, self-efficacy, social influence and risk perception). In addition, feasibility will be assessed with regard to intervention fidelity, dose and reach. Data will be collected at baseline, three and nine months following the intervention. To gain deeper understanding on the impact and underlying processes of the intervention, we will conduct qualitative interviews with users (adolescents) and implementers (youth workers within the SR-settings) of the intervention. Conclusions: Conducting this trial will offer novel insights into the effectiveness of a smoking prevention intervention designed for adolescents living in vulnerable socioeconomic conditions. A mixed-method design will enable to measure impact, implementation and underlying processes of the intervention. Overall, this design will enhance our understanding on the suitability of SR-settings as contexts for smoking prevention initiatives targeting hard-to-reach youth. This trial is registered on Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT05920772.