bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SLIP‐RESISTANT CONNECTIONS. COMPARISON OF FRICTION AREAS IN SLIP FACTOR TEST SPECIMENS ACCORDING TO INTERNATIONAL CODES
Authors: Fuente A. , Serrano‐López M.A. , López‐Colina C. , López‐Gayarre F. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThere are differences in the slip factor tests used in international codes. In many cases, different slip factors have been obtained for almost the same surfaces. The existing literature confirmed that the discrepancies could be due to different slip criteria, preload levels, measurement methods, etc. However, the specimens used in each test have not been dimension‐ally compared. An analytical comparative study has been carried out comparing the friction disc of seven international codes. It has been verified if the differences found can be compensated with the different preloads indicated in each test. The results confirm that they are not, and that geometric differences are important in explaining the different slip factors.
A NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION ON FIRE PERFORMANCE OF INDUSTRIAL STEEL WAREHOUSES PROTECTED WITH GYPSUM‐BASED BOARDS
Authors: Aghabozorgi Pegah , Laím Luís , Santiago Aldina 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis paper studies the fire performance of steel warehouse with their main elements insulated with fire protection boards composed of gypsum‐based mortars with perlite using the heat transfer and thermomechanical analysis in finite element (FE) software. The primary aim is to identify the optimal thickness of the fire protections boards based on the assigned fire model in thermal analysis. Besides that, a parametric study is also conducted by considering various factors that are often overlooked or not explicitly mentioned in fire design guidelines, such as EN 1991‐1‐2. The findings facilitate the development of optimized fire design approaches, ensuring the structural integrity and safety of steel warehouses under fire conditions.
CONCRETE‐FILLED COLD‐FORMED STEEL BUILT‐UP COMPOSITE STUB COLUMNS
Authors: Rahnavard R. , Craveiro H.D. , Simões R.A. , Torabian S. , Schafer B.W. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCold‐formed steel (CFS) products are extremely versatile and can be used in multiple applications. Recent experimental tests by the authors have shown that the application of composite columns comprising CFS built‐up sections filled with lightweight concrete is feasible and can lead to substantial improvements in structural performance. However, there are no design guidelines specifically for these columns. Moreover, the applicability of the available design methods to predict the axial load‐bearing capacity of these types of columns has yet to be investigated; this is, therefore, the focus of the present study.
STUDY ON THE STRUCTURAL AND THERMAL PERFORMANCE OF A COLD‐FORMED STEEL FRAME PANEL UNDER FIRE CONDITIONS
Authors: Frizon Felipe , Rossetto Diego Rizzotto , Piloto Paulo A. G. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe Light Steel Frame (LSF) construction system is a method that utilizes light and galvanized steel structures composed of cold‐formed profiles. These profiles come together to create both structural and non‐structural frames, with various coatings. However, in fire situations, the metal structure can be affected, altering its mechanical properties and potentially leading to collapse. This study examined the behavior of a Steel Frame structural panel coated with gypsum boards during a fire, using numerical analyses with the ANSYS software. The results provided insights into the fire resistance of the structure.
An Efficient Supported Cu(I) Catalyst for the Amination of Aryl Halides with Sodium Azide
Authors: Fekri Somayeh , Mansoori Yagoub , Akinay Yuksel , Çetin Tayfun , John Michael 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe present the synthesis and characterization of a new Cu(I) complex supported on SBA‐15 as a catalyst for preparing anilines from the reaction of aryl halides with sodium azide. The SBA‐15 support was modified by treating it sequentially with (3‐aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES), cyanuric chloride, and 2‐aminothiazole (AT). The modified mesoporous silica, SBA‐15@BAT, was then treated with a CuI solution in acetonitrile to give SBA‐15@BAT‐Cu(I). The catalyst underwent thorough characterization using conventional methods. X‐Ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis corroborated the presence of copper in the +1 oxidation state in the catalyst. The supported Cu(I) complex sufficiently catalyzed the amination reaction of iodo‐, bromo‐, and chloroarenes with NaN3. The catalyst was centrifuged, washed, and applied in the subsequent run. We investigated the effects of various reaction components and parameters to determine the optimal conditions for the reaction. The heterogeneous catalyst exhibited noticeable stability and was reused over seven runs with slight deactivation.
Effects of Cyclic Glycopolymers Molecular Mobility on their Interactions with Lectins
Authors: Jin Wenkang , Nagao Masanori , Kumon Yusuke , Matsumoto Hikaru , Hoshino Yu , Miura Yoshiko 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCyclic polymers, which are found in the field of biopolymers, exhibit unique physical properties such as suppressed molecular mobility. Considering thermodynamics, the suppressed molecular mobility of cyclic polymers is expected to prevent unfavorable entropy loss in molecular interactions. In this study, we synthesized cyclic glycopolymers carrying galactose units and investigated the effects of their molecular mobility on the interactions with a lectin (peanut agglutinin). The synthesized cyclic glycopolymers exhibited delayed elution time on size exclusion chromatography and a short spin‐spin relaxation time, indicating typical characteristics of cyclic polymers, including smaller hydrodynamic size and suppressed molecular mobility. The hemagglutination inhibition assay revealed that the cyclic glycopolymers exhibited weakened interactions with peanut agglutinin compared to the linear counterparts, attributable to the suppressed molecular mobility. Although the results are contrary to our expectations, the impact of polymer topology on molecular recognition remains intriguing, particularly in the context of protein repellent activity in the biomedical field.
Diagnostic utility of cytology in a patient with Epstein‐Barr virus‐positive mucocutaneous ulcer in palatine tonsils: A case report
Authors: Doi Mieko , Hamada Mei , Ishizawa Keisuke , Fushimi Naoki , Kase Yasuhiro , Ikezono Tetsuo , Tamaru Jun‐ichi , Yamada Taketo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractEpstein‐Barr virus‐positive mucocutaneous ulcer (EBVMCU) is a newly established immunodeficiency‐related disease. Herein, we report a case of EBVMCU and focus on its cytological usefulness for diagnosis. An 82‐year‐old man manifested pharyngalgia, dysphagia, and oral pain. His medical history included rheumatoid arthritis that had been treated with methotrexate. Clinically, peritonsillar abscess was suspected, but since neoplastic lesions, including malignant lymphoma (ML), could not be excluded, a series of cytohistological examination was attempted. Despite some alarming findings (e.g., frequent mitoses), fine‐needle aspiration and touch imprint cytology consistently revealed a heterogeneous population of lymphoid and plasmacytoid cells with mild nuclear atypia. The final diagnosis of EBVMCU was established based on the permanent histologic specimen; however, retrospectively, cytology was more representative of the benign nature of the lesion than histology, helping a great deal to differentiate it from ML. Cytology can be a useful tool for the correct diagnosis of EBVMCU.
An LC‐MS/MS method for the determination of drugs of abuse included THC‐COOH, EtG, and NPS, using a single hair extraction sample
Authors: Longo Valentina , Stocchero Giulia , Lucchiari Manuela , Marchio Giovanni Michele , Donini Flora , Ingenito Francesco , Bertoldi Lucia , Pecoraro Lucia , Anesi Adriano , Favretto Donata 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHair analysis plays an important role in the determination of drugs of abuse in both forensic and clinical toxicology investigations. The analysis of different substances often requires the use of different sample preparation methods, thereby increasing the amount of hair sample and time required. In the present study, a fast method involving a combination of a single 25 mg hair extraction procedure and four liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry methods using the same chromatographic phases and column was developed and validated. The target was the identification and quantification of various commonly abused drugs and their metabolites, including amphetamines, cocaine, opioids, cannabinoids, THC‐COOH and EtG, and more than 140 new psychoactive substances, including synthetic cannabinoids, phenethylamines, synthetic opioids, methylphenidate, cathinone, piperidine, and tryptamines.
Endogenous nature of estra‐4,9‐diene‐3,17‐dione in entire male horses
Authors: Ho Helen S. M. , Ho Emmie N. M. , Wong Wing‐Tak 
Published: March 2024

AbstractEstra‐4,9‐diene‐3,17‐dione (dienedione) is an anabolic androgenic steroid (AAS) sold as a bodybuilding supplement. It is prohibited in both human and equine sports. With no report of 4,9‐diene configuration in endogenous steroids, dienedione has long been considered a synthetic AAS. Nevertheless, the reoccurring detection of dienedione in colt (entire male horse) urine samples lead to the investigation of its possible endogenous nature in horses. This paper describes (i) the detection of naturally occurring dienedione in colts, (ii) the conjugation study of dienedione and (iii) the population study of free and glucuronide‐conjugated dienedione in colt urine. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of dienedione content in colt urine were performed, employing liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC–MS/MS).Qualitative analyses showed that dienedione was endogenous in colt urine and mainly in the form of glucuronide conjugates. Glucuronidation of dienedione was believed to happen at 3‐enol leading to dienedione‐3‐glucuronide. Upon the population study of free and glucuronide‐conjugated dienedione in colt urine samples (n = 175), the mean ± SD was determined to be 2.5 ± 3.5 ng/ml. The population data fitted a normal distribution after a fifth root transformation with the exclusion of one outlier by Grubb's test. A possible in‐house threshold was proposed at 30 ng/ml of free and glucuronide‐conjugated dienedione in colt urine associated with a risk factor of 1 in 14,269 (with a degree of freedom of 173). This is the first report of endogenous dienedione in entire male horses and the approach for controlling its potential misuse by using a threshold is also presented.
Cycling Stability of a 2D Pristine MOF Supercapacitors
Authors: Zhang Lingmei , Zhao Qian , Feng Chao , Zhang Guoning , Wang Yucheng , Li Yan , Sun Wenjuan , Zhao Hong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTwo‐dimensional (2D) metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have been a worldwide research interest due to their potential application in supercapacitors. Herein, a cobalt‐based layered MOF ([Co2(μ‐SO4)(Hppza)2(H2O)3]n, namely, SEU‐1; H2ppza=3‐(pyridin‐4‐yl)‐1H‐pyrazole‐5‐carboxylic acid) has been synthesized via a one‐step solvothermal method. Single X‐ray diffraction analysis shows that the SEU‐1 exhibits a (3,3,4)‐connected 2D structure with a Schläfli symbol of (62 ⋅ 8)(63)(64 ⋅ 8 ⋅ 10). Variable‐temperature magnetic susceptibility data display that antiferromagnetic interactions between two CoII ions exist in SEU‐1. The supercapacitive performance has been evaluated in the three‐electrode system. Its maximum specific capacitance is 145.5 F g−1 at 1 A g−1, along with the specific capacitance retention of 92.7 % at the current density of 5 A g−1 after 6000 cycles in 3 M KOH solution. These results demonstrate that SEU‐1 is a good candidate for electrode material for electrochemical energy storage.
Synthesis, Characterisation, Hirshfeld Surface Analysis, Magnetic Susceptibility, DFT Calculations, pkCSM Profile, and Biological Activities of Novel Mono‐, Di‐, and Multinuclear Cobalt (II) Complexes
Authors: Khaoua Oussama , Mouffouk Soumia , Benbellat Noura , Zeroual Samira , Golhen Stéphane , Gouasmia Abdelkrim , Chermette Henry , Haba Hamada 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study explores the synthesis and diverse properties of newly synthesised water‐soluble cobalt (II) complexes (1–3). Analysis of the complexes through various methods, including Hirshfeld surface analysis, reveals distinctive intermolecular interactions, particularly robust H‐bonding contributions to crystal packing. 2D fingerprint plots provide quantitative insights into supramolecular interactions, while TGA‐DSC analysis elucidates multi‐step decomposition processes, mainly involving organic moieties. FT‐IR and SCXRD confirm the structures of the complexes. Magnetic susceptibility measurements show paramagnetic behaviour in all complexes. FMO calculations expose HOMO‐LUMO gaps and charge transfer processes, with NBO analysis emphasizing the significance of chloride, nitrogen, and oxygen atoms in coordination. In addition, pkCSM profile was carried out. The biological properties of the complexes reveal potent antibacterial activity for 2 and 3 against Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria. Despite lower antibacterial efficacy compared to standard antibiotics, their water solubility suggests potential human pharmacological applications. In terms of anti‐inflammatory activity, all three complexes exhibit concentration‐dependent prevention of ovalbumin denaturation, with 2 being the most effective. Compound 3, despite having seven carboxyl groups, exhibits the weakest anti‐inflammatory effect, potentially attributed to complex formation obscuring these groups. Furthermore, all complexes display antioxidant activities; 1 and 2 are greater than BHT in the ferric thiocyanate assay.
The mechanisms of melatonin in low‐temperature stress tolerance in postharvest fruits and vegetables
Authors: Bhardwaj Renu , Sati Hansika , Oberoi Harinder Singh , Pareek Sunil 
Published: March 2024

AbstractLow‐temperature storage of fresh fruits and vegetables, especially below the critical storage temperatures, leads to chilling injury that makes the produce unsuitable for market use. Postharvest application of melatonin for chilling injury alleviation in fruits and vegetables is an alternative preventive measure for the longer persistence of fresh produce on the market. This review classified the mechanisms involved in melatonin‐mediated chilling tolerance into physiological, biochemical (sugar metabolism, organic acids, lignification and respiratory modulation, ripening, senescence, membrane structure, maintenance of the antioxidant system, endogenous proline, endogenous polyamine, γ‐amino butyric acid shunt pathway, and modulation of energy status), and hormonal (ethylene, indole acetic acid, jasmonic acid, and abscisic acid regulation) pathways. Melatonin acted via several mechanisms, including antioxidant activity elevation, induction of antioxidant enzymes, gene expression regulation, gamma‐aminobutyric acid shunt pathway, induction of stress‐tolerant proteins, and cell membrane stabilization. However, dose and duration of exposure optimization, along with alternative means for mass production of melatonin, is required to promote trails.
Entropy analysis on thermophoretic magnetohydrodynamic Couette flow over a deformable porous channel with temperature‐dependent viscosity and thermal conductivity
Authors: Das Utpal Jyoti , Patgiri Indushri 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this study, we have investigated magnetohydrodynamic Couette flow across a deformable porous regime with entropy generation having equal suction and injection velocities. The aim of this work is to analyze the novel impact of thermophoresis deposition, activation energy, and magnetic effect by considering viscosity and thermal conductivity as dependent on temperature in a deformable porous regime. The dimensional equations are turned into nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) through proper similarity variables. To solve these ODEs, we utilized the MATLAB bvp4c approach. Graphs are used to study the behavior of many physical parameters such as skin friction, Bejan number, velocity, displacement, entropy generation, concentration, and temperature. It is found that the viscosity parameter reduces the solid displacement, whereas it enhances the fluid concentration. Due to the impact of suction/injection and drag parameters, fluid velocity becomes reduced. The thermal conductivity parameter raises entropy generation and temperature, but it decays the Bejan number. The volume fraction parameter plays an interesting behavior in skin friction. Moreover, the current work is compared with prior research work while neglecting the newly introduced effects, and the results remain consistent.
Preventing breast milk HIV transmission using broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibodies: One size does not fit all
Authors: Van de Perre Philippe , Scarlatti Gabriella , Moore Penny L. , Molès Jean‐Pierre , Nagot Nicolas , Tylleskär Thorkild , Gray Glenda , Goga Ameena 
Published: March 2024

Key messages

Passive immunoprophylaxis with broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (bNAbs) could be a game changer in the prevention of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acquisition.
The prevailing view is that available resources should be focused on identifying a fixed combination of at least three bNAbs for universal use in therapeutic and preventive protocols, regardless of target populations or routes of transmission.
HIV transmission through breastfeeding is unique: it involves free viral particles and cell‐associated virus from breast milk and, in the case of acute/recent maternal infection, a viral population with restricted Env diversity.
HIV transmission through breastfeeding in high incidence/prevalence areas could potentially be eliminated by subcutaneous administration to all newborns of one or two long‐acting bNAbs with extended breadth, high potency, and effector properties (ADCC, phagocytosis) against circulating HIV strains.
Combined effects of smoking and alcohol consumption on the risk of liver cancer according to metabolic syndrome: A nested case–control study in South Korea
Authors: Bui Thi Tra , Park Eunjung , Kang Hee‐Yeon , Oh Jin‐Kyoung 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTobacco and alcohol may interact to increase the risk of liver cancer, which might be modified by other risk factors. Their combined effects in the context of metabolic syndrome (MetS) remain unclear. Given the increasing prevalence of MetS, this nested case–control study was conducted to evaluate the combined effects of smoking and alcohol consumption on liver cancer risk with stratification by MetS. We included 15,352 liver cancer patients and 92,112 matched controls who attended the nationwide general health examination during 2009–2019, using a customized database (N = 5,545,835) from the Korean National Health Insurance Service. Liver cancer risk according to smoking and alcohol consumption was estimated using conditional multivariable logistic regression. Additive and multiplicative interactions between these two factors were assessed. Results showed that in men, dual current users were at a significantly higher risk of liver cancer compared with dual nonusers, adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.61, 95% confidence interval: (1.50, 1.72). Interactions were detected between light‐to‐moderate alcohol consumption (0.1–28 g/day) and heavy smoking (>20 pack‐years) on additive scale, relative excess risk due to interaction = 0.34 (0.16, 0.51), attributable proportion = 0.22 (0.11, 0.33), synergy index = 2.75 (1.85, 3.66), and multiplicative scale, aOR for the product term = 1.28 (1.11, 1.49). An additive interaction was also revealed between light‐to‐moderate drinking and light‐to‐moderate smoking in the MetS subgroup. In women, light‐to‐moderate drinking/nonsmoking was negatively associated with the risk in the non‐MetS subgroup. In conclusion, a holistic health promotion program should target male dual users of tobacco cigarettes and alcohol, including light‐to‐moderate users, especially those with MetS.
CEO cultural heritage and R&D expenditures
Authors: Ha Yu Sung , Kang Jangkoo , Kwon Kyung Yoon 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis paper examines how the cultural heritage of chief executive officers (CEOs) in US firms affects research and development (R&D) investment. Utilizing economically significant and unexpected R&D‐increasing events, we examine how six dimensions of CEO cultural heritage—individualism, power distance, masculinity, uncertainty avoidance, long‐term orientation, and indulgence—influence it. We find that CEOs with a high–power distance heritage are more likely to increase R&D. We confirm that this effect of CEO power distance is robust to other cultural effects, the model specification, and endogeneity issues. We conjecture that CEOs with a high–power distance heritage are more likely to increase R&D expenditures because they use their power to pursue personal objectives. Consistent with our hypothesis, we find that R&D increases made by CEOs with a high–power distance culture generate significantly lower benefits in the future, reflecting the inefficiency of these R&D investment decisions.
Long‐term and short‐term plasticity independently mimicked in highly reliable Ru‐doped Ge2Sb2Te5 electronic synapses
Authors: Wang Qiang , Wang Yachuan , Wang Yankun , Jiang Luyue , Zhao Jinyan , Song Zhitang , Bi Jinshun , Zhao Libo , Jiang Zhuangde , Schwarzkopf Jutta , Wu Shengli , Zhang Bin , Ren Wei , Song Sannian , Niu Gang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn order to fulfill the complex cognitive behaviors in neuromorphic systems with reduced peripheral circuits, the reliable electronic synapses mimicked by single device that achieves diverse long‐term and short‐term plasticity are essential. Phase change random access memory (PCRAM) is of great potential for artificial synapses, which faces, however, difficulty to realize short‐term plasticity due to the long‐lasting resistance drift. This work reports the ruthenium‐doped Ge2Sb2Te5 (RuGST) based PCRAM, demonstrating a series of synaptic behaviors of short‐term potentiation, pair‐pulse facilitation, long‐term depression, and short‐term plasticity in the same single device. The optimized RuGST electronic synapse with the high transformation temperature of hexagonal phase >380°C, the outstanding endurance >108 cycles, the low resistance drift factor of 0.092, as well as the extremely high linearity with correlation coefficients of 0.999 and 0.976 in parts of potentiation and depression. Further investigations also go insight to mechanisms of Ru doping according to thorough microstructure characterization, revealing that Ru dopant is able to enter GST lattices thus changing and stabilizing atomic arrangement of GST. This leads to the short‐term plasticity realized by RuGST PCRAM. Eventually, the proposed RuGST electronic synapses performs a high accuracy of ~94.1% in a task of image recognition of CIFAR‐100 database using ResNet 101. This work promotes the development of PCRAM platforms for large‐scale neuromorphic systems.