bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tuning Thermal Stability and Power Consumption of Sb2Te3 Phase Change Memory with Metallic Elements
Authors: Shao Mingyue , Qiao Yang , Song Sannian , Ding Xing , Song Zhitang , Xue Yuan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPhase change materials have issues in the automotive industry and in‐memory computing due to their limited thermal stability and high power consumption. Consequently, numerous studies are conducted to enhance the performance of these materials. Uncertainty persists regarding the effects and mechanisms of various doping on the parent material. In this study, four metallic doping elements are selected, and their effects on Sb2Te3 are meticulously analyzed through experiments and ab initio calculations. The thermal stability of Sb2Te3 has been somewhat enhanced by doping these four elements, with Ta doping having the most impact. According to the ab initio molecular dynamics, this improvement results from the tetrahedral centered In and the increased coordination numbers of Ta, Ti, and Sc. Sc located at the center of the octahedron can accelerate the crystallization process. Ta, in particular, exerts the greatest influence on the migration rates of Sb and Te, resulting in the slowest grain growth rate. Simultaneously, it maximizes the delay in the transition from the cubic phase to the hexagonal phase. These features are beneficial for reducing power consumption. The elucidation of the distinct effects of doping elements sets the stage for phase change memory to adapt to various application scenarios.
Construction of Elastic and Conductive Channels for High‐Rate and High‐Areal‐Capacity Sulfur Cathodes in All‐Solid‐State Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Ma Ruqin , Fan Yuteng , Jin Yanting , Pan Siyuan , Zhong Haoyue , Luo Yu , Gu Jiabao , Luo Mingzeng , Wu Yuqi , Hu Wenxuan , Chen Pengzhan , Su Yu , Wu Guanyu , Yan Jiawei , Gao Jun , Gong Zhengliang , Yang Yong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAll solid‐state lithium–sulfur batteries (ASSLSBs) have attracted significant attention due to their enhanced safety and superior energy density. However, the considerable volume change during cycling poses a challenge, resulting in electrochemical‐mechanical degradation. To address this issue, polypyrrole (PPy) is coated on a nitrogen‐doped carbon nanotube (NCNT) network to exhibit suitable conductivity and compatibility with sulfide electrolyte. Functionally, PPy@NCNT provides a continuous and conductive pathway, reducing the tortuosity of charge transport. Mechanically, operando pressure measurements and atomic force microscopy (AFM) tests are conducted, demonstrating that the flexible and viscoelastic structure of PPy@NCNT can alleviate local stress. The axial pressure on the cathode can be reduced by 11% with a sulfur area capacity of 3 mg cm−2 at 30 °C. At a high areal mass loading of 4.5 mg cm−2, a high areal capacity of 6 mAh cm−2 (1348 mAh g−1, 1C = 1675 mA g−1) is achieved at 0.1C, maintaining stability over 300 cycles at 0.2C. Remarkably, it can achieve an areal capacity of over 8.8 mAh cm−2 and stable cycling even at 60 °C. This study, being the first to regulate mechano‐electrochemical action in ASSLSBs with flexible conducting polymer, highlights the significance of integrating a continuous and elastic network into solid‐state conversion‐type cathodes.
A Lewis Acid–Lewis Base Hybridized Electrocatalyst for Roundtrip Sulfur Conversion in Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Lin Qiaowei , Liang Jiaxing , Fang Ruopian , Sun Changlong , Rawal Aditya , Huang Jun , Yang Quan‐Hong , Lv Wei , Wang Da‐Wei 
Published: March 2024

AbstractElectrocatalysts can optimize the sulfur/sulfide reaction kinetics in Li–S batteries to compete with the loss of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) caused by the shuttling effect. However, the design rationale of electrocatalysts to drive roundtrip sulfur/sulfide conversion is lacking. Here, pairing Lewis acidic and Lewis basic active sites to reach collective adsorption of LiPSs and simultaneous activation of electrophiles and nucleophiles in LiPSs is proposed. This concept is validated by doping polyaniline with protonated metatungstate anions, which enables reduced activation energies for both sulfur reduction reaction and sulfide oxidation reaction and results in significantly improved kinetics. Such electrocatalysts enable a Li–S battery to reach a low capacity‐decay rate of 0.029% per cycle for 1000 cycles. This work would offer insights into battery technologies where sulfur electrocatalysis will play pivotal roles.
Adsorption of 3‐monochloropropane‐1,2‐diol ester and glycidyl ester from refined bleached deodorized palm oil using zeolite‐based adsorbents
Authors: Restiawaty Elvi , Rida Faza Muhammad , Maulana Aulia , Culsum Neng Tresna Umi , Saputera Wibawa Hendra , Widiatmoko Pramujo , Elisabeth Jenny , Budhi Yogi Wibisono 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPalm oil processing can result in different food products like cooking oil and margarine. Nevertheless, these food products might contain harmful contaminants, namely 3‐monochloropropane‐1,2‐diol ester (3‐MCPDE) and glycidyl ester (GE), which can negatively affect animal organs and potentially cause human cancer. Therefore, the objective of this study was to lower the concentration of 3‐MCPDE and GE in refined, bleached, and deodorized palm oil (RBDPO) using zeolite as an adsorbent. Adsorption experiments were conducted in a batch reactor, varying the percentage of adsorbents, temperature, type of zeolite, and the use of a mixture of zeolite and activated carbon (AC). The sample was analyzed before and after adsorption using gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy (GC–MS) to confirm the concentration alteration of 3‐MCPDE and GE. The study showed that the most effective temperature for adsorption was 35°C and used a zeolite percentage of 2%. Beta zeolites resulted in the highest removal of 3‐MCPDE (86%) among the evaluated zeolites attributed to their elevated pore volume, Si/Al ratio, and overall acidity strength. Through a synergistic combination of beta zeolite and AC, the removal percentage of 3‐MCPDE was enhanced to 94%, with a corresponding 75% reduction in GE. This study paves the way for addressing 3‐MCPDE and GE concerns in RBDPO by combining zeolite and AC.
Sexual homicide offenders as repeat and nonrepeat offenders: An empirical study of sexual homicide cases in Mainland China
Authors: Chan Heng Choon (Oliver) 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe comparative examination of different groups of sexual homicide offenders (SHOs) is currently limited. To expand our understanding of Chinese sexual homicides, this study aimed to distinguish between the modus operandi (MO) characteristics of repeat (i.e., with previous arrest and/or conviction) and nonrepeat (i.e., without previous arrest and/or conviction) offenders. Data were gathered from police arrest records, court documents, and published case reports in mainland China, covering a 31‐year period (1988–2018). A sample of 86 male SHOs (31 repeat and 55 nonrepeat offenders) was identified and the offenders' MO characteristics were examined. Compared with nonrepeat offenders, repeat offenders were significantly more likely to commit sexual murder in outdoor locations, approach their victims initially using a non‐surprise approach, engage in nonvaginal penetration of their victims, use a personal weapon to kill their victims, and move their victims' bodies away from the crime scene. However, repeat offenders were less likely to be arrested immediately after committing the murder. The findings have practical implications for police investigative strategies, such as suspect prioritization.
GMP implementation of a hybrid continuous manufacturing process for a recombinant non‐mAb protein—A case study
Authors: Natarajan Venkatesh , Soice Neil , Mullen Johanna , Bull David 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAdvances in manufacturing technology coupled with the increased potency of new biotherapeutic modalities have created an external environment where continuous manufacturing (CM) can address a growing need. Amgen has successfully implemented a hybrid CM process for a commercial lifecycle program. In this process, the bioreactor, harvest, capture column, and viral inactivation/depth filtration unit operations were integrated together in an automated, continuous module, while the remaining downstream unit operations took place in stand‐alone batch mode. CM operations are particularly suited for so‐called “high mix, low volume” manufacturing plants, where a variety of molecules are manufactured in relatively low volumes. The selected molecule fit this mold and was manufactured in a low‐capital micro‐footprint suite attached to an existing therapeutic production facility. Use of a hybrid process within an already operating facility required less capital and minimized complexity. To enable this hybrid CM process, an established fed‐batch process was converted to a perfusion process with continuous harvest. Development efforts included both process changes and the generation of a novel cell line adapted to long‐term perfusion. Chromatography resins were updated, and purification processes adapted to handle variable inputs due to the fluctuations in harvest titer from the lengthy production process. A novel automated single‐use (SU) viral inactivation (VI) skid was introduced, which entailed the development of a robust pH verification and alarm system, along with procedures for product isolation to allow discard of specific cycles. The CM process demonstrated consistent performance, meaning it met predefined performance criteria (including product quality attributes, or PQAs) when operated within established process parameters and manufactured according to applicable procedures. Using a 75% reduction in scale, it resulted in a five‐fold reduction in process media and buffer usage, a fifteen‐fold increase in mass per thaw, and an overall process productivity increase of 45‐fold (as measured by grams drug substance per liter per day.) The hybrid CM process also enabled increased material demand to be met with no change in cost of goods manufactured or plant capacity, due to the repurposing of existing facility space and the flexible duration of the hybrid CM harvest. Overall, the success of the hybrid CM platform represents an exciting opportunity to reduce costs and increase process efficiency in industry.
Halo‐1,2,3‐triazoles: Valuable Compounds to Access Biologically Relevant Molecules
Authors: Coelho Dylan , Colas Yoann , Ethève‐Quelquejeu Mélanie , Braud Emmanuelle , Iannazzo Laura 
Published: March 2024

Abstract1,2,3‐triazole is an important building block in organic chemistry. It is now well known as a bioisostere for various functions, such as the amide or the ester bond, positioning it as a key pharmacophore in medicinal chemistry and it has found applications in various fields including life sciences. Attention was first focused on the synthesis of 1,4‐disubstituted 1,2,3‐triazole molecules however 1,4,5‐trisubstituted 1,2,3‐triazoles have now emerged as valuable molecules due to the possibility to expand the structural modularity. In the last decade, methods mainly derived from the copper(I)‐catalyzed azide‐alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction have been developed to access halo‐triazole compounds and have been applied to nucleosides, carbohydrates, peptides and proteins. In addition, late‐stage modification of halo‐triazole derivatives by metal‐mediated cross‐coupling or halo‐exchange reactions offer the possibility to access highly functionalized molecules that can be used as tools for chemical biology. This review summarizes the synthesis, the functionalization, and the applications of 1,4,5‐trisubstituted halo‐1,2,3‐triazoles in biologically relevant molecules.
Surgery and superficial x‐ray radiotherapy for keloids of the preauricular and contralateral ear lobe: Case report
Authors: Tan Qin , Xu JinHui , Xu Wei , Lu Hao 
Published: March 2024

Key Clinical MessageThe combined approach of surgical resection along with superficial x‐ray radiotherapy emerges as a superior treatment option for individuals with keloids, which hold huge potential for enhancing aesthetic outcomes and preventing keloid recurrence.
An unusual presentation of giant sebaceous cyst over the back: A case report
Authors: Doshi Neel , Gond Pratik , Prasad Tanisha , Shrestha Abhigan Babu 
Published: March 2024

Key Clinical MessageSebaceous cysts are a prevalent form of benign cutaneous cysts that often manifest as epidermal cysts when their size exceeds 5 cm in diameter. Despite their infrequent occurrence, cases of massive epidermal cysts measuring 5 cm or larger have been documented. Malignant transformations within epidermal cysts are exceedingly rare but not impossible. Although their development into malignancies is a rare event, it is essential to acknowledge the potential for benign epidermal cysts to undergo such transformation. In clinical terminology, these cysts predominantly affect the facial, cervical, and dorsal regions. They usually remain asymptomatic, with their formation attributed to the sequestration of epithelial remnants during embryonic fusion or trauma. In this report, we present a remarkable case of a colossal epidermal cyst found on the upper back of a 75‐year‐old male individual, highlighting the uncommon nature of such occurrences within the medical domain. This case adds to the literature by presenting a rare case report highlighting the clinical presentation, probable consequences, and surgical therapy of larger epidermal cysts.
Radial artery pseudoaneurysm a rare complication after coronary angiography: A case report and systematic review of the reported cases
Authors: Alqahtani Nasser G. 
Published: March 2024

Key Clinical MessageThis is a case of 83 years old male who had radial artery pseudoaneurysm after cardiac catheterization. The diagnosis was through Doppler ultrasound and the patient was treated with thrombin injection and reported good outcomes. The literature also included 41 cases of pseudoaneurysm after catheterization. The mean age of patients was 68.5 years with a male prevalence of 49%. Onset of pseudoaneurysm ranged from 0 days (directly after the catheterization) to 150 days with a median of 5 days. The treatment of patients was mainly surgical (19 cases) followed by compression (either manual or TR band) (12 cases), thrombin injection (four cases), compression then surgery (three cases), compression then thrombin injection (one case), percutaneous endovascular repair using a covered stent (one case) and not reported in one case. All cases recovered well.
Piperazine‐Assisted Construction of 2D/3D Wide‐Bandgap Perovskite for Realizing High‐Efficiency Perovskite/Organic Tandem Solar Cells
Authors: Wang Ziyue , Kang Shuaiqing , Zhou Xia , Chen Haiyang , Jiang Xingxing , Zhang Zhichao , Zheng Jialei , Zhang Ruopeng , Chen Weijie , Zhang Jiandong , Li Yaowen 
Published: March 2024

Comprehensive SummaryMonolithic perovskite/organic tandem solar cells (TSCs) have gained significant attention due to their easy device integration and the potential to surpass the Shockley–Queisser limit of single‐junction solar cells. However, the surfaces of wide‐bandgap perovskite films are densely populated with defects, leading to severe non‐radiative recombination and energy loss. As a consequence, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of perovskite/organic TSCs lags behind that of other TSC counterparts. To address these issues, we designed a functional ammonium salt, 4‐(2‐hydroxyethyl)piperazin‐1‐ium iodide (PZOI), comprising a piperazine iodide and a terminated hydroxyl group, which was applied for post‐treating the perovskite surface. Our findings reveal that PZOI reacts with and consumes residual PbX2 (X: I or Br) to form a 2D perovskite component, thereby eliminating Pb0 defects, while the terminated hydroxyl group in PZOI can also passivate uncoordinated Pb2+. Consequently, the shallow/deep‐level defect densities of the 2D/3D perovskite film were significantly reduced, leading to an enhanced PCE of single‐junction 2D/3D wide‐bandgap perovskite solar cells to 18.18% with a reduced energy loss of 40 meV. Importantly, the corresponding perovskite/organic TSCs achieved a remarkable PCE of 24.05% with enhanced operational stability (T90 ~500 h).
Regional, sex, and age inequities in asthma hospital admissions in Spain and Portugal
Authors: Vieira Rafael José , Pereira Ana Margarida , Taborda‐Barata Luís , Regateiro Frederico S. , Marques‐Cruz Manuel , Robalo Cordeiro Carlos , Loureiro Cláudia Chaves , Dávila Ignacio J. , Bousquet Jean , Fonseca João A. , Sousa‐Pinto Bernardo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundAsthma presents a significant health challenge, imposing a considerable burden on healthcare services. Discrepancies in asthma‐related hospitalisations may reflect underlying health disparities. We aimed to analyse inequities in asthma hospital admissions in mainland Portugal and Spain, from a regional perspective and considering sex and age.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study using data from the Spanish and Portuguese national hospitalisations databases. We calculated crude national and regional yearly hospitalisation rates according per Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics region. Additionally, we calculated hospitalisation rates adjusted for asthma prevalence and the female‐to‐male ratio in asthma hospital admissions per age group, considering the female‐to‐male ratio in the overall population.ResultsBetween 2012 and 2016, there were 92,084 asthma hospital admissions in mainland Spain and 7717 in mainland Portugal. There was a trend for a higher‐than‐average rate of asthma‐related hospitalisations in the Northern regions of both countries. Women had a hospitalisation rate that was 3.2 times higher than men. Age was associated with higher risk for asthma hospitalisation, with individuals aged 65 and older displaying a hospitalisation rate 4.5 times higher than those under 65. Additionally, while hospitalisations in women aged <65 years were 2.3 times more likely than in men of the same age, hospitalisations in women aged ≥65 years were 3.5 times higher than in men aged ≥65 years.ConclusionThis study suggests that marked regional inequities in asthma hospital admissions exist in Spain and Portugal. Additionally, women are particularly at risk of hospitalisation due to asthma, and such risk increases with age.
Autocleaving Bonds for Better Drugs
Authors: Guo Jiaqi , Chang Annabelle , Xu Bing 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWhile bond formation has historically been the mainstay of medicinal chemistry, the phenomenon of bond cleavage has received less focus. However, the success of numerous oral medications demonstrates the importance of controlled cleavage in prodrugs to achieve desired therapeutic outcomes. Nevertheless, effective strategies to control this cleavage remain limited. This concept article introduces a novel approach: employing peptides as conjugates to drugs to modulate the hydrolysis of these conjugates and enhance drug efficacy. The article begins by briefly outlining common prodrug strategies, followed by a few representative examples of how peptides can be leveraged to control the autohydrolysis of peptide‐conjugated prodrugs for bacterial and cancer cell inhibition. Finally, it provides a brief outlook on the future potential of this promising new research direction in molecular medicine.
The retention efficiency of a large dam and reservoir eutrophication in a tropical coastal watershed under a rainfall reduction scenario
Authors: dos Reis Veríssimo Fernanda Albuquerque , Molisani Mauricio Mussi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTropical coastal rivers transport significant amounts of materials, and the dam's retention efficiency can affect hydrological processes generating impacts on reservoirs, such as eutrophication. Nevertheless, climate change projects uneven regional rainfall reduction, affecting surface water circulation and consequently the dam retention efficiency with possible effects on reservoir eutrophication. Here, we investigated the water, suspended particulate matter, and nutrient mass‐balance budgets in a large reservoir under a lowest rainfall year and effects on reservoir eutrophication in a tropical coastal watershed. Under low rainfall condition, the annual water budget showed that the dam water retention was limited, but the dam retained around 75% of the suspended particulate matter fluxes from the rivers. In terms of nutrients, the dam exported TN, TP and D‐Si while retaining PO43− on average; however, these circumstances fluctuated depending on the sample event. The reservoir's trophic state varied from mesotrophic to eutrophic possible reflecting the reduced dam's nutrient retention efficiency under influence of the low rainfall condition. However, 2 years following our sampling period, supereutrophic conditions and algal bloom were measured. Because human activities account for the majority of N and P loads across the watershed, mainly to soils, this biological response has been attributed to a greater rainfall regime that transfers N and P from soils to the reservoir.
Analytical formulations of tunnel–soil–pile interaction under seismic excitations
Authors: Haque Md. Foisal , Ansary Mehedi Ahmed 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTunnel–soil–pile interaction (TSPI) is a vital issue during seismic excitation because of the evaluation of the interactive structural behaviors of the tunnel. This study derives analytical formulae for the proposed TSPI model under transverse horizontal shear, vertical shear, and body waves, considering a series of piles along the tunnel's longitudinal axis. For this reason, the soil medium is considered to be an isotropic, homogeneous, elastic, and infinite. Also, the tunnel is assumed to be a beam element to connect to the series of piles by the linear elastic springs. Parametric studies of proposed formulae show the parabolic and exponential variations of tunnel forces and soil pressures when increases the number of piles. Also, recalculated tunnel moments of previous studies by using proposed formulae vary closely, which may indicate the accuracy of the present formulations. Similar variations are obtained for the previous field study verification by the present formulations. Therefore, the design charts and graphs are addressed in the present research which may be used as a standard to enhance this research in the future.