bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Palladium‐Catalyzed Synthesis of 3‐Alkoxysubstituted Indoles.
Authors: Clawson Ronald W. Jr. , Deavers Robert E. III , Akhmedov Novruz G. , Soederberg Bjoern C. G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Carbon Dioxide Elimination—Fixation Reaction of 6‐Methoxycarbonyloxy‐2,4‐hexadien‐1‐ols.
Authors: Yoshida Masahiro , Ohsawa Yusuke , Ihara Masataka 
Published: February 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Novel Regioselective Synthesis of 3′H,4H‐Spiro[chromene‐3,2′‐[1,3,4]thiadiazol]‐4‐one Containing Compounds.
Authors: Hegab Mohamed I. , Girgis Adel S. , Ahmed‐Farag I. S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Epoxidation Studies of 2‐Styrylchromones Using Jacobsen′s Catalyst and Hydrogen Peroxide and Iodosylbenzene as Oxidants.
Authors: Santos Clementina M. M. , Silva Artur M. S. , Cavaleiro Jose A. S. , Patonay Tamas , Levai Albert 
Published: February 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A General Synthetic Route to 6,6‐Substituted‐6H‐dibenzo[b,d]pyrans from Dibenzofuran.
Authors: Wang Bin , Li Minxiong , Xu Shansheng , Song Haibin , Wang Baiquan 
Published: February 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
An Efficient Synthesis of Orthogonally Protected trans‐ and cis‐4‐Aminopipecolic Acid.
Authors: Szatmari Istvan , Kiss Lorand , Fueloep Ferenc 
Published: February 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Molecular Rearrangement of 1‐Substituted 3‐Aminoquinoline‐2,4‐diones in Their Reaction with Urea and Nitrourea Synthesis and Transformations of Reaction Intermediates.
Authors: Klasek Antonin , Lycka Antonin , Holcapek Michal , Kovar Michal , Hoza Ignac 
Published: February 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Mild and Practical Method for the Regioselective Synthesis of N‐Acylated 3,4‐Dihydropyrimidin‐2‐ones. New Acyl Transfer Reagents.
Authors: Singh Kamaljit , Singh Sukhdeep 
Published: February 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis and Bioactivity of Aripiprazole Derivatives.
Authors: Ge Hai‐Xia , Wang Li‐Chen , Jiang Zhen‐Zhou , Ni Sheng‐Liang 
Published: February 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Syntheses of Tetrahydrocarbazolones as Advanced Intermediated to Carbazole Alkaloids.
Authors: Scott Tricia L. , Yu Xiaomei , Gorugantula Sobha P. , Carrero‐Martinez Grissell , Soederberg Bjoern C. G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of α‐Conhydrine (I).
Authors: Chang Meng‐Yang , Kung Yung‐Hua , Chen Shui‐Tein 
Published: February 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of Polymers with Well‐Defined Structures by Novel Ring‐Opening Reactions of Oxetanes
Authors: Nishikubo Tadatomi , Kameyama Atsushi , Kudo Hiroto 
Published: February 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Acidity and Basicity of Cyclobutanes
Authors: Quintanilla Esther , Davalos Juan Z. , Abboud Jose Luis M. , Alkorta Ibon 
Published: February 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Mimicking Molecular Receptors for Antibiotics ‐ Analytical Implications
Authors: Fernandez‐Gonzalez Alfonso , Guardia Laura , Badia‐Laino Rosana , Diaz‐Garcia Marta Elena 
Published: February 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Geminin: A good prognostic factor in high‐grade astrocytic brain tumors
Authors: Shrestha Prabin , Saito Taiichi , Hama Seiji , Arifin Muhamad T. , Kajiwara Yoshinori , Yamasaki Fumiyuki , Hidaka Toshikazu , Sugiyama Kazuhiko , Kurisu Kaoru 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND.Geminin is a nuclear protein that belongs to the DNA replication inhibitor group. It inhibits DNA replication by preventing Cdt1 from loading minichromosome maintenance protein onto chromatin, as is required for DNA replication. For this study, the authors investigated geminin expression in high‐grade astrocytic tumors, including anaplastic astrocytoma (AA) and glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), with a view to predicting clinical outcomes on this basis in patients with these malignant brain tumors.METHODS.Immunohistochemistry was used to detect geminin expression in 51 patients with high‐grade astrocytic tumors (19 AA and 32 GBM). Samples were categorized by taking the median value as the cut‐off point for constructing Kaplan‐Meier curves. The relation of geminin expression to clinical outcome in these malignant brain tumors was analyzed by using the Kaplan‐Meier method and a Cox proportional hazards regression model.RESULTS.Geminin was expressed in all high‐grade astrocytomas (mean geminin labeling index [LI], 24.90%). Kaplan‐Meier curves showed that the group with higher geminin LI (≥22.50%) had a better prognosis than the group with lower LI (<22.50%; P = .0296). Similarly, the Cox regression analysis showed that geminin expression has a significant correlation with survival in patients with high‐grade astrocytoma (P = .0278), especially in an early stage.CONCLUSIONS.Although it is an inhibitor of DNA proliferation and, thus, is a cell cycle inhibitor, geminin expression was found in all malignant astrocytic tumors. The geminin LI was a significant predictive factor of outcomes in patients with high‐grade astrocytoma, with higher expression indicating a good prognosis. Cancer 2007. © 2007 American Cancer Society.
Cost‐effectiveness analysis of oxaliplatin compared with 5‐fluorouracil/leucovorin in adjuvant treatment of stage III colon cancer in the US
Authors: Aballéa Samuel , Chancellor Jeremy V.M. , Raikou Maria , Drummond Michael F. , Weinstein Milton C. , Jourdan Sophia , Bridgewater John 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND.The MOSAIC trial demonstrated that oxaliplatin/5‐fluorouracil/leucovorin (FU/LV) (FOLFOX4) as adjuvant treatment of TNM stage II and III colon cancer significantly improves disease‐free survival compared with 5‐FU/LV alone. For stage III patients the 4‐year disease‐free survival (DFS) was 69% in the FOLFOX4 arm vs 61% in the LV5FU2 arm, P = .002). The cost‐effectiveness of FOLFOX4 in stage III patients was evaluated from a US Medicare perspective.METHODS.By using individual patient‐level data from the MOSAIC trial (median follow‐up: 44.2 months), DFS and overall survival (OS) were estimated up to 4 years from randomization. DFS was extrapolated from 4 to 5 years by fitting a Weibull model and subsequent survival was estimated from life tables. OS beyond 4 years was predicted from the extrapolated DFS estimates and observed survival after recurrence. Costs were calculated from trial data and external estimates of resources to manage recurrence.RESULTS.Patients on FOLFOX4 were predicted to gain 2.00 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.63, 3.37) years of DFS over those on 5‐FU/LV. The predicted life expectancy of stage III patients on FOLFOX4 and 5‐FU/LV was 17.61 and 16.26 years, respectively. Mean total lifetime disease‐related costs were $56,300 with oxaliplatin and $39,300 with 5‐FU/LV. Compared with 5‐FU/LV, FOLFOX4 was estimated to cost $20,600 per life‐year gained and $22,800 per quality‐adjusted life‐year (QALY) gained, discounting costs and outcomes at 3% per annum.CONCLUSIONS.FOLFOX4 is likely to be cost‐effective compared with 5‐FU/LV in the adjuvant treatment of stage III colon cancer. The incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio compares favorably with other funded interventions in oncology. Cancer 2007 © 2007 American Cancer Society.
Second order governance: learning processes to identify indicators
Authors: Spangenberg Joachim H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAt the C3ED‐UVSQ, a new methodology for assessing corporate social responsibility has been developed to better deal with a situation where top‐down and command‐and‐control ways of management (first order governance) fail.The method suggested and tested is a second order governance process combining phases of ‘opening up’ and ‘closing down’. Opening up includes stakeholder involvement and closing down scientific input and management responsibility in indicator development. This way, indicators can be derived that are generic, locally meaningful and accepted by management and stakeholders while conforming to the international standards of indicator development.In the case study presented, this methodology has been modified and applied to one of Germany's major aluminium processing sites, with staff, management, suppliers, customers and local stakeholders involved.The sets of 10 indicators each derived for the economic, environmental, social and institutional dimensions are presented. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Plasma homocysteine levels in female patients with eating disorders
Authors: Levine Joseph , Gur Eitan , Loewenthal Ron , Vishne Tali , Dwolatzky Tzvi , van Beynum Ingrid M. , Sela Ben‐Ami , Vered Iris , Yosef Galit , Stein Daniel 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjective:To examine plasma homocysteine, vitamin B12, and folate levels in females with restricting and bingeing/purging eating disorders (EDs).Method:Adolescent and adult female patients were compared to appropriate control groups with regard to plasma homocysteine levels.Results:The plasma homocysteine level of the adult ED patients was higher than that of controls for all age groups examined. In adolescents, no significant difference was found comparing ED patients younger than 16 years of age to control data, whereas in the 16–20 year age group, the plasma homocysteine level was significantly higher among the ED group, regardless of the type of ED. Vitamin B12 and folate levels were within normal limits in all ED groups.Conclusion:Elevated plasma homocysteine levels were found in adult and older adolescent female ED patients (but not in younger adolescents) compared to controls. This finding is not related to deficiencies in vitamin B12 or folate. © 2007 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2007
Analysis of flavonoids by CE using capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection
Authors: Bachmann Stefan , Huck Christian W. , Bakry Rania , Bonn Günther K. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA CE method employing capacitively coupled contactless conductivity (C4D) compared to indirect UV‐detection was developed for the analysis of phytochemically relevant flavonoids, such as 6‐hydroxyflavone, biochanin A, hesperetin and naringenin. To ensure fast separation at highest selectivity, sensitivity and peak symmetry, the pH value and the concentration of the running BGE had to be optimized regarding both co‐ and counter‐EOF mode. Optimum conditions were found to be 1.0 and 5.0 mM chromate BGE (pH 9.50) in the counter‐ and co‐EOF mode, respectively. Validation of the established CE‐C4D method pointed out to be approximately seven times more sensitive compared to indirect UV‐detection applying the same conditions. The lower LOD defined at an S/N of 3:1 was found between 0.12 and 0.21 µg/mL for the analytes of interest using C4D and between 0.77 and 1.20 µg/mL using indirect UV‐detection. Compared to an earlier published CE method employing direct UV‐detection, C4D was found to be approximately two times more sensitive. Due to the lower baseline noise, C4D showed an excellent regression coefficient >0.99 compared to 0.93 when using indirect UV detection calibrating within a concentration range between 1 and 10 µg/mL. The influence of the sugar moiety on the conductivity of a flavonoid was studied upon the analysis of the aglycon hesperetin and the rutinosid hesperidin. The sugar moiety in hesperedin shows a higher conductivity compared to hesperetin. Finally, the optimized established CE‐C4D method was applied to the determination and quantification of naringenin in Sinupret®.
Water fluxes at a fluctuating water table and groundwater contributions to wheat water use in the lower Yellow River flood plain, China
Authors: Yang Jianfeng , Wan Shuqin , Deng Wei , Zhang Guangxin 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCapillary upflow from and deep percolation to a water table may be important in crop water supply in irrigated areas of the lower Yellow River flood plain, north China. These fluxes at the water table and the variations of the capillary upflow in relation to crop evapotranspiration need to be investigated to quantify the effect of a water table on soil water balance and to improve agricultural water management. A large weighing lysimeter was used to determine daily crop evapotranspiration, daily capillary upflow from and daily percolation to a fluctuating water table during a rotation period with wheat growing in a dry season and maize in a rainy season. The water table depth varied in the range 0·7–2·3 m during the maize growth period and 1·6–2·4 m during the wheat growth period. Experimental results showed that the capillary upflow and the percolation were significant components of the soil water balance. Three distinctly different phases for the water fluxes at the water table were observed through the rotation period: water downward period, the period of no or small water fluxes, and water upward period. It implied that the temporal pattern of these water fluxes at the water table was intimately associated with the temporal distribution of rainfall through the rotation period. An empirical equation was determined to estimate the capillary upflow in relation to wheat evapotranspiration and root zone soil water content for local irrigation scheduling. Coupled with the FAO‐Penman–Monteith equation, the equation offers a fast and low cost solution to assess the effect of capillary upflow from a water table on wheat water use. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Options for water saving in tropical humid and semi‐arid regions using optimum compost application rates
Authors: Ngoundo Molengar , Kan Chun‐E. , Chang Yu‐Chuan , Tsai Shiow‐Long , Tsou I. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWater saving technology interests crop producers in both the humid and semi‐arid regions of the tropics. The amount of irrigation water use could be substantially reduced by the application of compost. The objective of this study was to assess irrigation application and water saving through the optimum rate of compost application. Results show that in both tropical humid and semi‐arid regions, compost application on some of the “thirstiest” cash crops is a reliable way of saving water. The net irrigation depths were substantially raised from the soil treated with chemical fertilizer to the compost‐amended soil, and as a consequence, lowered the number of irrigation applications in amended soil. The difference of the number of irrigation ranged from 1 to 2 and 1 to 5 applications in tropical humid and semi‐arid regions, respectively. With rainfall, supplemental irrigation was only necessary for rice and cabbage in tropical humid regions, while in semi‐arid regions, irrigation constitutes the main source of crop water supply. Without rainfall, the quantity of water saved was estimated at 15.4 and 14.5% of the total water need in tropical humid and semi‐arid regions respectively; with rainfall it was 54.7 and 34.9%. In Chad (a semi‐arid region), this accounted for about 1.6% on average of the total Lake Chad annual inflow. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Estimation of local drought frequency in central Poland using the standardized precipitation index SPI
Authors: Łabędzki Leszek 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPoland is situated in a transitory temperate climate zone; nonetheless droughts occur, posing a serious economic, social and environmental problem. The central part has the lowest precipitation in the country, where frequent meteorological and agricultural droughts occur. To estimate meteorological drought frequency in the region, the SPI methodology is used. The analysis is made using the long‐term record of precipitation from 1861 to 2005 for the Bydgoszcz area, at 3‐, 6‐, 12‐, 24‐ and 48‐month timescales. The detailed characterization of chosen meteorological and agricultural droughts in 1991–2005 is presented in this paper.The results show that the frequency of months in which drought was identified at 3‐, 6‐, 12‐, 24‐ and 48‐month time scales, is about 30%. According to the equation as proposed in this study, the number of droughts of different duration in 100 years statistically is from 8 for the 48‐month drought to 120 for the 3‐month drought. On the basis of the analysis of the meteorological and agriculture drought in 2000, it has been shown that the 1–3 month SPI better reflects agricultural drought development than the 6‐month SPI.To better understand and characterize droughts in agricultural areas additional indices should be used for the evaluation impacts of meteorological drought. Other indices need to be investigated to form a system of indices giving the best evaluation of droughts in a given region. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The impact of lime admixture into trench backfill on the variation of phosphorus in drainage outflow
Authors: Šaulys Valentinas , Bastienė Nijolė 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOne of the tasks of environmental protection is to achieve good ecological status of water bodies and reduce agricultural non‐point pollution. As the drainage outflow may be identified as the leading source of water quality, reduction of nutrient transport through drains is therefore of great importance.The field studies on the impact of lime admixture into trench backfill on the amount of phosphorus contained in drainage outflow were conducted in a site located in south‐western Lithuania. Heavy‐textured clay loam soils prevailed in the catchment. The site was drained by a composite subsurface drainage system with drain spacing of 16 and 24 m. To improve water permeability, drainage trenches were backfilled with soil mixed with 0.6% CaO. Results of seven‐year studies (1999–2005) on water quality are reported in this paper.The significant differences between orthophosphate concentrations in control drainage outflow and the treatments with lime added into the trench backfill were estimated. In water of the control drainage these concentrations were found to be 2.8 times higher. A slightly decreasing trend of total phosphorus (r = 0.49) and orthophosphates (r = 0.54) was determined in the stream where drainage water discharged. Annual median phosphorus concentrations have generally remained steady in the outflow of limed drainage treatments. Lime admixture reduces the annual load of total phosphorus and orthophosphate by two and three times respectively, compared with a conventional drainage system. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Efforts to establish an animal model of Fanconi syndrome after ifosfamide administration to rats
Authors: Appenroth D. , Werner T. , Lupp A. , Patzer L. , Misselwitz J. , Fleck C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAbout 10% of children develop Fanconi syndrome (FS) a few months after ifosfamide (IFO) treatment. To establish an animal model, IFO was injected as 4 or 5 treatment courses (TCs, once daily for 3 consecutive days), to adult female rats (AF, 8 mg 100 g−1 body wt, 4 TCs), to young female rats (YF, 8 mg 100 g−1 body wt, 5 TCs) and to male rats (M, 6 mg 100 g−1 body wt, 4 TCs).In the adult female rats, polyuria with electrolyte and albumin wasting occurred acutely, 2 days after the first treatment course. After the third treatment course, 30% of the rats died, but survivors showed a reduced excretion of electrolytes and glucose. The body weight increase was significantly diminished in adult female and male rats by about 25% or 70%, respectively. Up to 5 months after 5 TCs in young female rats, 15% of the animals died but the survivors did not show any sign of renal failure. In males, 28% of the rats died and in surviving animals the excretion of electrolytes, proteins and glucose as well as GFR were reduced 7 weeks after the last treatment course. There were no pathomorphological changes in kidney and liver. Determination of renal and hepatic cytochrome P450 activities indicated that results of adult female and male rats could be caused by starving, known as a common side effect of IFO, and not by its nephrotoxicity. Altogether, it was not possible to establish a model of a Fanconi syndrome persisting after cessation of IFO treatment in our rat strain, whereas acute, FS‐like IFO effects on the kidney could be shown. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Onset of synaptogenesis in the plexiform layers of the chick retina: A transmission electron microscopic study
Authors: Drenhaus Ulrich , Voigt Tilman , Rager Günter 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe presently acknowledged onset of synaptogenesis in the chick retina from embryonic day 12 (E12) onward stands in contrast with the appearance of spontaneous electrical activity, of presynaptic proteins, or of neurotransmitters during early formation of the inner (E6–E8) and outer (E9) plexiform layers. Therefore, we investigated the chick retina from E6 to E12 at which age first synapses appear by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The study provides evidence that synaptogenesis in the chick retina begins shortly after the plexiform layers have started to emerge. The first synapses are electrical synapses, which appear on E7, one day after the future inner plexiform layer emerged, and towards the end of E8 in the nascent outer plexiform layer. Conventional chemical synapses appear in both plexiform layers on E8, in the inner plexiform layer (stage 34) only a few hours earlier than in the outer plexiform layer (stage 35). The first synapses are formed close to the apex of the optic fissure and their frequency increases rapidly with age. The onset, the topography, and the developmental course of synaptogenesis correlate with the chronotopic course of maturation of retinal neurons and the age when spontaneous electrical activity occurs in the retina. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.