bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mixed connective tissue disease in siblings
Authors: Horn John R. , Kapur Janet J. , Walker Sara E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) was diagnosed in a brother and sister, and 18 additional family members spanning three generations were studied to detect evidence of autoimmune disease. Symptoms or signs of MCTD without complete expression of the disease were found in 8 relatives of the original cases. Antibodies to ribonucleoprotein and high‐titer antinuclear antibodies were found only in the affected siblings. Tests for rheumatoid factor were positive in 9 of 17 relatives of the patients; the titers ranged from 1:160 to 1:2560. The brother and sister with MCTD had an identical HLA genotype— 11,12/2,12. The same genotype was inherited by 3 of their siblings, who had impressive rheumatic complaints. This report emphasizes the association between inflammatory connective tissue disease and a specific HLA type within a single kindred.
Correlation between articular cartilage collagenase activity and osteoarthritis
Authors: Ehrlich Michael G. , Houle Patricia A. , Vigliani Gloria , Mankin Henry J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractArticular cartilage collagenase activity was determined for 28 sections obtained from twelve femoral heads. For each one square centimeter area, a section was graded by a histologic‐histochemical grading system for the severity of the arthritis. Collagenase activity was found primarily in those areas of moderately severe disease, but not in mild or end stage arthritis.
Differential effects of propranolol on lymphocyte rosette formation and response to plant mitogens
Authors: Dunne James V. , Peters Clarence J. , Moore Terry L. , Vaughan John H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe effects of propranolol on various lymphocyte functions were studied to gain a better understanding of the recently demonstrated suppressive effect of propranolol on rheumatoid factor production. D‐ and L‐propranolol at a concentration of 1 X 10−4 M inhibited the formation of human EA rosettes. The inhibition occurred within one minute of adding the compounds, was reversible, and did not affect cell viability. Addition of propranolol to preformed EA rosettes failed to disaggregate them. Patching and capping of SIg by an Fab′2 anti‐IgG were inhibited at 2.5 X 10−5M and above. Propranolol at 2.5 X 10−5M also inhibited lymphocyte response to phytohemagglutinin and pokeweed mitogen without evidence of cell toxicity by trypan blue staining or absolute numbers of surviving cells. Congeners of propranolol with mainly beta adrenergic blocking properties did not show inhibitory effects. The inhibitory activities of propranolol are interpreted in terms of propranolol's membrane stabilizing effects and ability to interfere with membrane receptor movement.
Effect of inherited deficiency of the fifth component of complement on arthritis induced in mice by mycoplasma pulmonis
Authors: Keystone E. , Taylor‐Robinson D. , Pope C. , Taylor G. , Furr P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMycoplasma pulmonis inoculated parenterally into mice deficient in the fifth component of complement (C5) caused a chronic arthritis of significantly greater magnitude than in immunologically normal mice. During the chronic phase of arthritis M pulmonis organisms were isolated from the joints and organs of C5 deficient mice more frequently and in larger numbers than from immunologically normal mice. The implications of the results are discussed in relation to the pathogenesis of M pulmonis induced arthritis and human connective tissue diseases.
Mechanisms of cellular interaction with monosodium urate crystals. igg‐dependent and igg‐independent platelet stimulation by urate crystals
Authors: Ginsberg Mark H. , Kozin Franklin 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMonosodium urate crystals (MSU) stimulate suspensions of washed platelets or neutrophils. When MSU crystals are coated with IgG, as occurs in plasma, stimulation is markedly enhanced. These studies which use MSU‐induced human platelet serotonin secretion as a model examine the nature of cellular recognition mechanisms for MSU crystals and IgG‐coated MSU crystals. F(ab')2 fragments of specific anti‐Fc antibody blocked and the lipopolysaccharide of Salmonella minnesota R595 enhanced human platelet secretion induced by IgG–coated urate crystals. These agents had little effect on stimulation by uncoated crystals. This indicated that urate crystals stimulate platelets independently of fluid phase IgG. Urate crystals directly stimulated suspensions of washed rabbit platelets which lack Fc receptors. In contrast to human cells, stimulation was blocked by IgG. This again demonstrated IgG‐independent cell stimulation by urate crystals. Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals could trigger human platelet secretion only when coated with IgG. This suggests that when crystals are coated with IgG, the surface‐bound IgG alone may be the stimulus to the cell. This was supported by the finding that polyvinylpyridine‐N‐oxide, a hydrogen acceptor, blocked human platelet stimulation by uncoated, but not IgG‐coated, urate crystals. These data indicate that urate crystals (and potentially other surface or particles) can stimulate a mediator cell by at least two mechanisms: by direct stimulation without the mediation of adsorbed IgG or, when coated with IgG, by triggering the cell via immunoglobulin receptors.
Humoral immune stimulation and antiepithelial antibodies in yersinia infection
Authors: Gripenberg Marianne , Miettinen Aaro , Kurki Pekka , Linder Evert 
Published: February 2007

AbstractResults consistent with a general humoral immune stimulation were found when 127 sera from 89 patients with Yersinia enterocolitica infection were studied. Significantly increased gammaglobulin concentrations and elevated isohemagglutinin titers were seen in these sera as compared to sera from normal blood donors and patients with streptococcal infection. Antinuclear and anti–smooth muscle antibodies were demonstrated in both yersinia and streptococcal infection. The prevalence of non–organ specific antiepithelial antibodies reacting with gastrointestinal and thyroid epithelial cells was significantly increased in yersinia infection.
Complement‐fixing hidden rheumatoid factor in children with benign rheumatoid nodules
Authors: Moore Terry L. , Dorner Robert W. , Zuckner Jack 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRheumatoid nodules have been described in many children without evidence of clinical disease. These have been referred to as benign rheumatoid nodules (BRN). Except for one report, no serological abnormalities have been demonstrated. Four children with BRN have been studied. By means of a hemolytic assay, high titers of hidden rheumatoid factor (RF) have been found in the blood, i.e., 19S IgM RF detected after acid separation of IgM‐containing fraction from the serum. The median hidden RF titer of the children with BRN was 1:362 and in healthy and disease controls was 1:7. The difference was significant at P < 0.001.The results indicate that patients with BRN have active complement‐fixing 19S IgM RF in their serum. Thus, the association of hidden RF with BRN raises the possibility that the deposition of immune complexes (19S IgM‐7S IgG) leads to small vessel vasculitis and nodular formation.
Acute hematogenous osteomyelitis progressing to septic synovitis and eventual pyarthrosis. the vascular pathway
Authors: Atcheson Steven G. , Ward John R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA case suggesting sequential infection of bone, synovial membranes, and finally synovial fluid is presented. Hematogenous osteomyelitis manifests itself differently in children than in adults. In children, the avascular epiphyseal cartilage in the growing long bone is an effective barrier to the spread of bone infection to the joint. After obliteration of the growth plate, vascular anastomoses form between metaphysis and epiphysis, and at maturity the entire bone shares a common blood supply with the capsule and synovium of the adjacent joint. In the adult with acute osteomyelitis, contiguous joint infection should be anticipated. In septic arthritis, unless caused by penetrating trauma, the synovium must be infected before the joint fluid. Even when bacterial joint infection is present, repeated arthrocenteses may be required over several days to confirm the diagnosis.
Transverse myelitis in mixed connective tissue disease
Authors: Weiss Terry D. , Nelson James S. , Woolsey Robert M. , Zuckner Jack , Baldassare Andrew R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNeurologic disease is reported to occur in just 10% of patients with mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD). Most commonly, this is manifested by mild trigeminal neuralgia. This report details the clinical and neuropathologic findings of transverse myelitis in a patient with MCTD. Neurologic features include progressive areflexic paraplegia with loss of bowel and bladder function. Neuropathologically there was thinning of the thoracic cord, widespread loss of axons and myelin sheaths, reactive astrocytosis, macrophage formation, vascular thickening with perivascular chronic inflammatory cell infiltration, and calcium deposits. This case demonstrates that severe neurologic disease unresponsive to therapy can occur in MCTD.
Tγ cells in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Hamilton Maurice E. , Winfield John B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCirculating T cells bearing receptors for the Fcportion of IgG (Tγ) were identified by sensitive immunofluorescent techniques with rabbit IgG b4 allotype/anti‐b4 complexes. A twofold decrease in both proportion and absolute number of Tγ cells was found in patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) relative to values obtained during disease remission. The reduction in Tγ cells was most evident in patients with severe hypocomplementemia. A deficit of Tγ cells in active patients was not demonstrated. The percentage of total T cells rosetting with sheep erythrocytes was reduced in peripheral blood of most patients regardless of disease activity status, but particularly during SLE exacerbation. Cells lacking intrinsic surface immunoglobulin, IgG Fc receptors, and receptors for sheep erythrocytes were increased. These cells, operationally termed null. exhibited an inverse linear relationship with T cells that was not apparent in regression analyses performed against other lymphocyte subpopulations. Such differences were not found for B cells and IgG receptor‐bearing non‐B/non‐T cells which were present in normal proportions in virtually all patients. The origin and functional significance of these unusual lymphocyte subpopulation abnormalities are discussed.
Pha‐Induced Cellular Cytotoxicity
Authors: Ruíz‐Arg¨︁elles Alejandro , Díz‐Jouanen Efraín , Alarcón‐Segovia Donato 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPhytohemagglutinin‐induced cellular cytotoxicity by normal mononuclear cells (MNC) is inhibited by serum of patients with active untreated systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) but not by that of patients with untreated inactive SLE or rheumatoid arthritis. Threehour preincubation of normal MNC with SLE sera suffices to inhibit throughout the assay. Preincubation with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) before addition of sera does not prevent the inhibition. DEAE‐cellulose chromatography, Sephadex G‐200 fractionation and immunoelectrophoretic analysis have shown the nonimmunoglobulin nature of this factor. It is thermostable and not affected by deoxyribonuclease or ribonuclease treatment. The mitogen‐induced cellular cytotoxicity‐inhibiting factor seems to be independent of other serum factors capable of blocking PHA‐induced blastogenic transformation.
Coexistent gout and rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Wallace Daniel J. , Klinenberg James R. , Morhaim Daniel , Berlanstein Bruce , Biren Pamela C. , Callis Gilbert 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA 73‐year‐old woman with Felty's syndrome and arthritis mutilans of long duration presented with tophaceous gout. The 7 previously reported cases of coexistent gout and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are critically reviewed. Possible explanations for the rare coexistence of RA and gout are discussed: if uric acid is an inhibitor of the immune response, then hyperuricemia and gout could protect against development of RA. Conversely, crystalline protein binding may be a critical factor in the pathogenesis of gout, and the presence of abnormal proteins in RA could protect against gout.
Long‐term chrysotherapy in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Srinivasan Ramachandran , Miller Bruce L. , Paulus Harold E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe efficacy of chrysotherapy appears to increase with prolonged administration. In patients who were followed for 3 years after gold therapy was started, remissions occurred in 73% of those who continued chrysotherapy. Only 6% of those who stopped gold injections during the first 18 months subsequently developed “spontaneous” remissions, although initially both groups had comparable moderately severe rheumatoid arthritis of 6 to 8 years' duration. Therefore, in the absence of definite toxicity, maintenance gold injections should be continued indefinitely.
Alpha‐1‐antitrypsin phenotypes in rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Karsh Jacob , Vergalla John , Jones E. Anthony 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAlpha‐1‐antitrypsin phenotypes were determined in 37 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and 40 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. No significant increase in non‐MM phenotypes was found. It appears that alpha‐1‐antitrypsin phenotypes neither predispose to the development nor enhance the severity of the two rheumatic diseases.
Reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome of the knee following meniscectomy
Authors: Kim Hong Joon , Kozin Franklin , Johnson Roger P. , Hines Robert 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThree cases are reported in which severe pain and tenderness, color and temperature changes, and patchy osteopenia developed after meniscectomy. These clinical and radiographic features, combined with positive scintigraphs and a typical synovial histologic appearance, suggested a reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome (Sudeck's atrophy). This finding has not been reported previously as a complication of meniscectomy.
The training of united states rheumatologists, 1927‐1976
Authors: Henke Curtis J. , Epstein Wallace V. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA questionnaire completed in 1977 by 940 United States rheumatologists concerning the duration, content, and quality of their subspecialty training experience has been analyzed. The effect of quantitative changes in program content on the evaluation of such programs was elucidated by means of linear regression analysis. Respondents provided a rating scale for the content of future training programs. Stratification of responses by academic and nonacademic clinicians provides further insights into past and future training programs for rheumatologists in the United States.
Long term effectiveness of low dose mithramycin for paget's disease of bone
Authors: Russell A. S. , Chalmers I. M. , Percy J. S. , Lentle B. C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNineteen patients with Paget's disease of bone were studied 7 months to 5 years after therapy with mithramycin in a dose averaging 11.5 μg/kg body weight daily for 10 days. Thirteen patients, including 3 with the longest followup intervals, remained free of pain. Objective measures of disease activity (serum alkaline phosphatase level and 99mtechnetium pyrophosphate bone scan) were less favorable. There was no evidence of long term toxicity.
Connective tissue activation
Authors: Castor C. William , Ritchie James C. , Williams Charles H. , Scott Mary E. , Whitney Sherry L. , Myers Stephen L. , Sloan Tod B. , Anderson Byron E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractConnective tissue activating peptide‐III (CTAP‐III) isolated from human platelets is a potent mitogen for human connective tissue cells in culture in addition to stimulating glycosaminoglycan synthesis, glucose consumption, and lactate formation. The amino acid composition of apparently homogeneous CTAP‐III was determined, confirming the presence of two disulfide links and providing a calculated molecular weight of 11,633 daltons. Comparison of the mitogenic activity of serum and plasma‐serum suggests that CTAP‐III is a major mitogenic component of human serum. Seventeen strains of human connective tissue cells (synovial, cartilage, dermal and thyroid) incorporated [3H]‐thymidine at up to 30 times control at levels under the influence of microgram quantities of CTAP‐III and caused detectable increases in thymidine incorporation at levels as low as 10–29 ng/ml. Prostaglandin E1 (0.01 μg/ml) and dibutyryl cyclic AMP (25 μg/ml) potentiated the glycosaminoglycan stimulating effect of CTAP‐III, but not its mitogenic effect. Cycloheximide and actinomycin D blocked the biologic actions of CTAP‐III. Cortisol and penicillamine had little effect on the mitogenic activity of CTAP‐III, whereas antirheumatic agents such as acetylsalicylic acid and phenylbutazone opposed the mitogenic activity when added to cultures at clinically relevant concentrations. A weak antiheparin factor secreted by platelets, low affinity platelet factor 4 (LA‐PF4), was shown to be similar to CTAP‐III in biologic actions, electrophoretic mobility, amino acid composition, and antigenic determinants.
Unusual electromyographic findings in a patient with polymyalgia rheumatica
Authors: Gross Milton D. , Borkin Mark H. , Rupp Stephen 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA case of polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) with biopsy‐proven giant cell arteritis (GCA) is described in which there were marked abnormalities noted on electromyography (EMG). Spike potentials, positive waves, and fibrillation potentials were seen in the proximal musculature of the upper and lower extremities as well as in the erector spinae muscles. Investigation failed to reveal abnormalities in either creatinine phosphokinase (CPK), aldolase, or muscle obtained at biopsy. The presence of these EMG findings in the PMR‐GCA syndrome is unusual. Response to therapy with systemic corticosteroids and normalization of the EMG are documented.
Central Nervous System Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Kassan Stuart S. , Kagen Lawrence J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCyclic‐GMP (C‐GMP), a normal constituent of the central nervous system, was found to be present in increased amounts in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients with active neurologic disease. Twenty‐four CSF samples from 17 patients with SLE were evaluated for C‐GMP concentration by radioimmunoassay. This study extends our initial observations and examines three groups of SLE patients based on their clinical status at the time of each lumbar puncture: those with active neurologic and psychologic abnormalities (group I), active neurologic abnormalities (group II), and psychologic abnormalities without active neurologic involvement (group III). Groups I and II had mean CSF C‐GMP values of 3.1 nM ± 0.64 (SE) and 4.1 nM ± 0.10 respectively, which were both significantly higher than the mean for group III (1.2 nM ± 0.43) (P < 0.05). Other CSF findings did not display this close correlation with activity of neurologic disease. In 4 SLE patients, significantly higher levels of CSF C‐GMP were found on serial sampling during times when neurologic abnormalities were active. Thus elevated CSF C‐GMP concentration may be a marker of active neurologic disease in SLE.
The Immunologic and Clinical Associations of the Split Products of C3 in Plasma in Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Miller John J. , Hsu Yao‐Pi , Moss Richard , Kelomaa‐Sulonen Kerttu , Osborne Cara L. , Olds‐Arroyo Lynne 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA qualitative counterimmunoelectrophoretic assay for the complement activation products C3c and C3d was used to study plasma from children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) and other rheumatic diseases. Positive tests for C3c,d were found in all patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), 7 of 10 patients with active systemic JRA, 16 of 29 with active polyarticular JRA, 7 of 20 with active pauciarticular JRA, and in only 2 of 20 with inactive joint disease. The incidence of positive assays for C3c,d in JRA was increased in the presence of positive latex fixation tests, antinuclear antibody tests, or elevated values for antiglobulins as determined by affinity chromatography, but these associations were not statistically significant. Three joint fluids from children with pauciarticular JRA were negative for C3c,d. These studies show that the subgroups of JRA defined by clinical criteria are heterogeneous by current laboratory parameters and that evidence implicating antigen‐antibody complexes in the pathogenesis of JRA is lacking in many patients.
Purine Nucleoside Phosphorylase Deficiency
Authors: Wortmann Robert L. , Andres Catherine , Kaminska Janice , Mejias Edwin , Gelfand Erwin , Arnold William , Rich Kenneth , Fox Irving H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe biochemical features of two families with purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiency are compared. Laboratory studies and an evaluation of kinetic and physical properties of erythrocyte purine nucleoside phosphorylase give evidence that a) the degree of abnormality in uric acid and nucleoside concentrations in plasma and urine reflect the severity of the enzymatic deficiency and b) structural alterations of the mutant enzymes result from structural gene mutations and demonstrate genetic heterogeneity in the disease purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiency.
Cardiac Involvement in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Nomeir Abdel Mohsen , Turner Robert A. , Watts Lester E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractInitial studies from Bowman Gray School of Medicine showed that 18 of 30 patients with classic rheumatoid arthritis (RA) had cardiac involvement from their disease. These abnormalities were detected by echocardiography and consisted of mitral valve and/or pericardial abnormalities. All patients were followed for 4 years from the initial workup. Mitral valve abnormalities were seen on followup in 63% of the patients who initially showed this abnormality, while pericardial effusion remained in 20%. Pericardial thickening persisted in 6 of 7 patients. None of the patients developed constrictive pericarditis or heart failure. There was no definite correlation between persistence of these abnormalities and other clinical data, but it was noticed that patients who had persistent pericardial effusion and mitral valve abnormalities showed a higher number of involved joints and a higher erythrocyte sedimentation rate. The cardiac abnormalities described in this study have remained clinically insignificant in this population of RA patients.
IgG Antibodies to Double‐Stranded DNA in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Sera
Authors: Beaulieu Andre , Quismorio Francisco P. , Friou George J. , Vayuvegula Bharathi , Mirick Gary 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAntibodies to double‐stranded deoxyribonucleic acid were studied using the kinetoplast of Crithidia luciliue. Titers were determined separately by conventional immunofluorescence and the complement fluorescent technique, and results by the two methods were compared. Complement fixing activity varied independently of antibody content in whole serum and in IgG fractions. The well established correlation of complement fixing activity of this antibody with activity of lupus nephritis appears related, therefore, to qualitative rather than solely quantitative differences. This finding has important implications for the clinical assessment of patients with lupus, and investigations on the relationship of anti‐DNA antibodies to lupus nephritis.