bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genital herpes and homœopathy
Authors: Ghosh A. 
Published: September 2006

SummaryThe aetiology, pathogenesis and clinical features of genital herpes are described. One patient with primary infection and another with recurrent herpes were treated with homœopathic remedies. It is observed that Rhus tox. alleviates the clinical features of genital herpes and if given early may prevent recurring illness. Recurring herpes may be treatable with a constitutional remedy.
Pertussin 30—Preventive for whooping cough?
Authors: English J.M. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThe primary purpose of this study was to be a pilot for a further, larger study to determine whether the homœopathic preparation Pertussin 30c was effective in preventing whooping cough. It was recognized that neither the numbers involved, nor the method followed would of themselves be sufficient to prove efficacy, but it was hoped that a positive result would permit the conclusion to be drawn that a further study would be in the public interest.694 valid replies from 1100 questionnaires sent to the parents of children who had had Pertussin 30 were compared with Hillingdon District's notified figures. Hillingdon FPC provided evidence of a wide degree of variability in the notification rates of pertussis. When there were taken into account the result suggested a degree of activity for Pertissin in excess of 50%. Although the assumptions are reasonable in themselves, no claim can be made to have demonstrated the effect of Pertussin in a statistially valid way. It is reasonable, however, to conclude that there is a good technical case for further investigation to be undertake, although with rising immunization rates it may not be justified in terms of reward for its cost. The trial has helped to define a possible method for doing this, which is described.
Microdose effects of drugs and chemicals on the enzymes urease, diastase and trypsin
Authors: Persson W.M. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractTwelve medicinal agents and chemicals were assessed for microdose effects on the enzymes urease, diastase and trypsin. Silver nitrate and mercuric chloride had a slight effect on urease; mercuric chloride, sulphur and after them calcium chloride had marked effect on diastase, microdoses of Iris, phosphoric acid and arsenic on trypsin. Gold chloride had only a slight effect on diastase. The remaining preparations—benzoic acid, platinum chloride and insulin—had no effect.An investigation was made to determine the effect of dynamized dilutions of iodine on starch, and the pH of phosphoric acid dilutions by electrometric methods.It has been empirically shown that colorimetry provides the most sensitive method for assessing microdose effects (dilutions up to 10−100).
The effect of anti-tissue antibodies in healthy volunteers
Authors: Seguin P. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThere is currently no aetiological therapy for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Treatment is directed only towards the opportunistic diseases which develop in these patients. The author shows that the use of antilymphocyte serum (ALS), normally used following organ transplantation, is capable of inducing biological and clinical manifestations which are analogous to those of patients suffering from AIDS.Recent work in immunology demonstrates that very small doses of specific anti-tissue antibodies are capable of inducing specific biological modifications of the immune response in healthy subjects.In view of the similia principle, the author opens a new field of research and proposes a specific treatment of infection with HIV in the light of his clinical experiment. This treatment may be of value in healthy carriers as well as patients who have already developed some clinical manifestations.
Cyclosporin: Similimum for AIDS?
Authors: Finnegan M.J.B. 
Published: September 2006

SummaryThe therapeutic vacuum in the wake of the AIDS epidemic invites speculation and the utilization of likely existing therapeutic agents in the treatment of HIV infected patients. Immunosuppressive agents, by virtue of their therapeutic action, produce toxic symptoms which have similarities to AIDS. Cyclosporin A (CyA) has a selective action on the T series of lymphocytes and is considered below.
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: Is phytolacca americana homœopathic to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome?
Authors: Irwin M.K.S. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThe aim of this article was to consider a pathological similimum for the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The primary defect in AIDS is in lymphocytes, therefore an agent which acts on lymphocytes might be useful in the homœopathic treatment of AIDS.In this article AIDS, its immunology and clinical presentation, are compared with the toxicological and haematological actions of Phytolacca americana, and finally with the homœopathic materia media of Phytolacca.Phytolacca americana does not appear to be specifically homœopathic to the pathology of AIDS. The materia medica of Phytolacca however shares some important features with the clinical presentation of AIDS.
A chemo-pharmacological study of Hypericum perforatum L.
Authors: Kumar S. , Lohar D.R. , Chaturvedi D. , Gaur G.D. , Varma P.N. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractArthritis was produced in adult albino rats weighing 120±10 g through intramuscular injections of 0.5 ml of 2% w/w formalin beneath the plantar aponeurosis on the first and third day. The anterioposterior diameter of the ankle was recorded and statistically analyzed. It was evident that relatively low doses, 0.25 ml/100 g body weight, of tincture of Hypericum perforatum produced a significant 48% anti-inflammatory effect, whereas higher doses, 0.5 ml/100 g body weight, of the drug showed 32% activity under identical conditions. Parallel studies with 1 mg/100 g body weight hydrocortisone administration gave similar anti-inflammatory effects.Local application of an alcoholic extract of the drug in very small doses also produced significant skin softness and flexibility of muscle.
Homœopathy and morphic resonance
Authors: Van Galen E. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractOn a theoretical basis, the possible relation is discussed between the ‘morphic resonance’ theory of Dr Rupert Sheldrake and its possible contribution to establishing homœopathy in a scientific frame. Sheldrake's hypotheses on ‘formative causation’ and morphic resonance initially influenced biological views on the processes of evolution and have been verified by psychological experiments.However, the theoretical background of Sheldrake's hypotheses may also be relevant to forming hypotheses on a yet unknown physical principle, which are to explain the working of homeopathic potencies.
Contaminants in commercial homoeopathic medicines
Authors: Zacharias Carlos Renato 
Published: September 2006

Abstract2 sets of homoeopathic medicines prepared from Lycopodium clavatum (6cH, 12cH and 100cH) and the dynamized water and ethanol mixture used (3cH and 6cH) were analysed using ultraviolet spectroscopy. The spectra for each set of Lycopodium and dynamized solvent were similar and differed from that of the inert solvent. The 2 sets of dynamized medicines nevertheless showed significant differences. These results suggest the possible introduction of contaminants during the dynamization process, the effects of which on clinical results are considered.
What conclusions should we draw from the data?
Authors: Vickers Andrew 
Published: September 2006

AbstractCritical appraisal of a scientific trial involves deciding on its internal validity— whether the hypothesis has been correctly accepted or rejected—and its external validity—the extent to which the trial's findings can be generalized. Discourse on homoeopathic research has focused on the former at the expense of the latter and an analysis of homoeopathic research demonstrates that it has low external validity. One solution would be to split the research process in two. Large scale, triple-blind trials could be used to determine the extent to which the action of homoeopathy may be explained by placebo. Importantly, no assessment of external validity would be made. Audit and cohort studies could then be used to examine questions usually associated with external validity, such as the conditions most suitable for treatment and the long-term clinical value of homoeopathy.
Retrospective study of rheumatological patients in a private homoeopathic medical practice
Authors: Wassenhoven Michel Van 
Published: September 2006

AbstractA retrospective study of rheumatological patients seen in a private homoeopathic practice was conducted. 3,555 computerized patient files were surveyed, yielding 99 patients with a primary diagnosis of arthritis. Patient files were analysed by diagnosis, demographic variables and duration of follow-up.Response to treatment, level of similarity, medicines and dilutions prescribed are presented. Forty-three patients were able to stop all conventional medication, most of the treatment failures were in-patients with relatively brief follow-up.Some representative case histories are described.
When does unbiased become biased?
Authors: Kaptchuk Ted J. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractSince the 1960s, homoeopaths, along with biomedical physicians, have generally acknowledged the double-blind, randomized, controlled trial (RCT) as the ‘gold standard’ for establishing the efficacy of a clinical intervention. The homoeopathic profession has, however, been ambivalent about the incorporation of the RCT model for the internal validation of homoeopathic medicines. This paper looks at important components of the RCT such as blind assessment, randomization and statistical inference and examines some of the historical and scientific issues about their adoption for homoeopathic provings.
Effects of individually chosen homoeopathic medicines on recurrent URTI in children
Authors: Blommers J. , Kuik D.J. , Feenstra L. , Bezemer P.D. , De Lange-De Klerk E.S.M. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThe effects of homoeopathic medicines on children suffering from recurrent upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) were studied in a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial conducted at the paediatric outpatients department of the university hospital of the Vrije Universiteit in Amsterdam from 1987 to 1992.The study was designed to meet both the requirements of proper homoeopathic practice and the current standards of a clinical trial. The purpose of a randomized placebo-controlled double-blind trial is to identify the effects of the agents under investigation by equalizing the effects of other factors that may influence outcome.The object of the trial, eligibility criteria, follow-up period, treatments and concurrent interventions, data collection and effect measures are discussed in the light of homoeopathic thinking.
Homoeopathic treatment of bronchial asthma
Authors: Eizayaga Francisco Xavier , Eizayaga Francisco Xavier , Eizayaga Jose 
Published: September 2006

AbstractA retrospective evaluation of the results of the homoeopathic treatment of 62 patients suffering from bronchial asthma showed a very significant statistical improvement in the condition. Strict inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied after a random trawl of cases from our files. The results were evaluated in terms of the general population and according to age at start of treatment, to take account of the high incidence of spontaneous remission in children. The clinical approach of the homoeopath is discussed, with reference to the prescribing of medicines.
Homoeopathic potencies on the internet
Authors: Van Galen E. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThe introduction of further means of electronic communication will be an absolute necessity for the entrance of homoeopathy into the 21st century.The possibilities Internet already offers for homeopathy are illustrated by introducing the Homoeopathic Internet Resources List (a guide to homoeopathic resources on the Internet which has been available online on the Internet since January 1995). The first homoeopathic webserver on an academic level called HOMEOWEB is also introduced.
Dose-dependent suppression of haloperidol-induced catalepsy by potentized Agaricus muscarius
Authors: Ghosh Souvik , Babu S.P. Sinha , Sukul N.C. 
Published: September 2006

Abstract
Agaricus muscarius 30c, a potentized homoeopathic drug prepared by successive dilution with 90% alcohol followed by sonication, suppressed haloperidol-induced catalepsy in Swiss albino mice significantly. This anticataleptic effect was dose-dependent being greatest with the undiluted Agaricus 30c and least if diluted 1:20,000. Higher dilutions like 1:40,000 and 1:50,000 did not produce an anticataleptic effect. The effect reappeared when the 1:50,000 dilution was sonicated. The anticataleptic effect of potentized Agaricus was observed with the drug administered both before and after haloperidol. However, the pre-treatment effect was more pronounced than the post-treatment effect.It is thought that potentized Agaricus contains an active principle that can be attenuated by dilution and multiplied by mechanical agitation or sonication.
Physical modelling of dynamization
Authors: Castellizacharias Analia , Zacharias Carlos Renato 
Published: September 2006

AbstractA physical model of the dynamization process is proposed. It is based on some postulates and introduces the concept of saturation, the most important feature of dynamization. We discuss the ideal number of succussions, frequency and dilution ratio to produce a more effective medicine. Our model is a step towards understanding the dynamization process and, by extension, homoeopathy.
Suppression of alpha adrenergic agonist-induced catalepsy in mice by potentized Agaricus muscarius
Authors: Ghosh Souvik , Babu Sinha , Sukul N.C. 
Published: September 2006

Abstract
Agaricus muscarius 30c, a potentized homoeopathic drug prepared by successive dilution with 90% ethanol followed by sonication in 30 steps, suppressed catalepsy induced by alpha adrenergic agonists in Swiss albino mice. Agaricus produced anticataleptic effect when it was administered orally and no such effect when administered intraperitoneally. The alpha 1 agonist phenylephrine and alpha 2 agonist clonidine were administered intraperitoneally to mice at a dose of 2 mg/kg and 1 mg/kg, respectively. Mice were pretreated orally with Agaricus muscarius 30c. The action of Agaricus is thought to be mediated through ororeceptors.
Changes in medical education
Authors: Gibbs Trevor 
Published: September 2006

AbstractOver the last few years, apparent dissatisfaction with undergraduate medical education has stimulated some medical schools to change their curricula to varying degrees, both in content and philosophy. In line with Government thinking on a primary care led National Health Service, the change has stimulated use of general practice and the community as an educational resource. This paper describes the curriculum changes in one medical school and the opportunities that have arisen, allowing homoeopathy to be taught at an early stage of student development.
Fatigue in Neurological, Psychiatric, and Medical Conditions
Authors: Swanson Sara J. 
Published: September 2006

Fatigue as a Window to the Brain, John DeLuca (Ed.). 2005.
Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, 336 pp., $55.00 (HB).Fatigue is ubiquitous and falls within the purview of several
specialties, including neurology, psychiatry, neuropsychology,
endocrinology, rheumatology, and immunology. As Simon Wessely points out
in the Foreword of Fatigue as a Window to the Brain, fatigue has
been virtually overlooked as an area of scientific study, because it is
difficult to measure and, as a symptom, rarely aids in differential
diagnosis. John DeLuca's edited book is part of the Issues in
Clinical and Cognitive Neuropsychology series edited by Jordan
Grafman. This is an ambitious book that examines the multidimensional and
multifactorial nature of the neurobiology of central fatigue. This book
advances the reader's understanding of the neural mechanisms of
fatigue through review and integration of empirical data on fatigue and
its cognitive correlates in neurological, medical, and psychiatric
disorders.
Disorders of Epileptic Origin From A Developmental Perspective
Authors: Westerveld Michael 
Published: September 2006

Cognitive and Behavioral Disorders of Epileptic Origin in
Children. Thierry Deonna and Eliane Roulet-Perez. (Eds.). 2005.
MacKeith Press, distributed by Cambridge University Press, 256 pp.,
£50.00; $90.00 HB.Understanding the effects of epilepsy, a neurological disorder
frequently beginning in childhood, is particularly important because it
may disrupt the development of foundations for later cognitive and
psychological functions. Despite the prevalence of seizure disorders and
the importance of the developmental period in which seizures frequently
begin, surprisingly little information about the effects of seizures with
respect to cognitive and behavioral functioning is available. Moreover,
understanding of the complex interactions between the pathological
processes (bioelectric disturbance, neuropathology) and developmental,
environmental, and psychological variables that contribute to the overall
clinical picture is limited. In Cognitive and Behavioral Disorders of
Epileptic Origin in Children, Thierry Deonna and Eliane Roulet-Perez
take a unique approach to beginning to untangle these variables, drawing
on their extensive clinical experience to present a series of cases that
illustrate how seizures influence development.
Induction of Conjugation in Tetrahymena
Authors: Sweet Melody T. , Allis C. David 
Published: September 2006

INTRODUCTIONThe method to induce Tetrahymena conjugation described below is modified from that of Martindale et al. (1982). Mature Tetrahymena cells of opposite mating types are starved under appropriate salt conditions. The mating types are then combined to costimulate through cell-cell interaction. Loose pairs and then firm, irreversible pairs of cells of opposite mating types form. This method consistently results in a high percentage of pairing (usually greater than 80%) and good synchrony.
Injection of dsRNA and Electroporation in Avian Embryos
Authors: Stoeckli Esther T. 
Published: September 2006

INTRODUCTIONThis protocol describes a method for in ovo transfection of avian embryos with double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). The dsRNA is injected into the spinal cord of the embryo. Subsequent electroporation facilitates the cellular uptake of the dsRNA molecules. It may be necessary to optimize the stage of the embryo and the electroporation procedure to improve the effectiveness of in ovo RNAi—cell competence changes with differentiation. The half-life of the target protein product may also affect the time point of injection and electroporation—proteins with slow turnover may require RNAi at earlier stages, preferably before the onset of expression. Check the quality of the dsRNA used for injections and make sure that the buffer used for injection does alter development or survival of the embryo. Tris buffers and buffers containing glycerol are not compatible with in vivo injections. Salt concentration and pH should be in the physiological range. Always use the same buffers for injection and electroporation of test and control embryos.
Staining Yeast
Authors: Harlow Ed , Lane David 
Published: September 2006

INTRODUCTIONStaining yeast cells for the presence and localization of antigens has been particularly challenging because of several factors. The yeast cells are small, making the resolution of any antigen difficult; they have a thick cell wall that antibodies cannot penetrate and that is difficult to remove; and they grow in suspension, making handling difficult. Background problems can be especially severe, particularly with polyclonal antibodies, because many antisera contain antibodies to yeast cell-wall components. The difficulties encountered in localizing antigens in yeast can be overcome by using fluorochrome-labeled secondary antibodies, controlled enzymatic removal of the cell wall, and by binding the cells to a solid phase (e.g., poly-L-lysine-coated slides).
Fixing Caenorhabditis elegans in Bouin’s fixative
Authors: Harlow Ed , Lane David 
Published: September 2006

INTRODUCTIONBouin’s fixative is a particularly good choice for worms because it penetrates dense tissues well and is extremely good for fixing antigens. Like all strong fixatives, however, it is unsuitable for some antibody-antigen pairs. In such cases, the length of time in the Bouin’s fixative can be shortened, or paraformaldehyde fixation can be used instead.
Antibody Addition and Detection for Staining Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Harlow Ed , Lane David 
Published: September 2006

INTRODUCTIONThe most common method of detection for staining worms is to use fluorochrome-labeled reagents, because of the desire for high resolution of the antigen location. Extreme care should be used to identify and verify positive reactions, however, because cross-reactions are common. Counterstaining is essential for examining worms by immunofluorescence and is used to identify the exact cell in which an antigen appears. Methods for counterstaining include labeling all cells with a fluorescent dye that is specific for nucleic acids (e.g., DAPI or propidium iodide) and using GFP driven by tissue-specific promoters.
Preparing Late Whole-Mount Drosophila Embryos for Immunostaining
Authors: Harlow Ed , Lane David 
Published: September 2006

INTRODUCTIONThe choice of fixation and permeabilization methods for examining flies depends on the stage of development. Early and late embryos are treated with a mixture of organic solvents, formaldehyde, and alcohols. The cuticles of late-stage embryos (17-22 hours or until hatching) are usually opened by sonication, as described here. Tissues from later stages of development are normally dissected by hand and then fixed and stained in a standard paraformaldehyde/detergent combination.
Unmasking Hidden Epitopes Using the Microwave Oven
Authors: Harlow Ed , Lane David 
Published: September 2006

INTRODUCTIONSeveral methods have been developed to “retrieve” antigens that have been masked by fixation. The principle behind using the microwave oven method described here is to use extended periods of heat to break some of the subcellular structures that block antibody access. Be aware that any of the antigen retrieval methods should be avoided wherever possible, because they may introduce artifactual false-positive staining. Methods for antigen retrieval are specific for each antibody/antigen combination. No attempts to establish quantitative data following these methods should be considered.
Immunoprecipitation: Purifying the Immune Complexes
Authors: Harlow Ed , Lane David 
Published: September 2006

INTRODUCTIONIn this protocol, immune complexes are formed by the addition of antibodies to cell lysates. The antibodies bind to their cognate antigen from a lysate. Protein A or protein G beads are then added to the solution containing antibody-antigen complexes, and the proteins that do not bind to the beads are removed by washing. The correct controls for immunoprecipitation should include nonimmune antibodies that are as close as possible to the specific antibody; for example, polyclonal serum should be compared to polyclonal serum from the same species (ideally a prebleed from the same animal used for immunization). For monoclonal antibodies, the control must be from the same source as the specific antibody. Do not use tissue culture supernatants from parental myeloma cells as they do not contain antibodies. Suitable control hybridoma cell lines can be obtained from the American Type Culture Collection and the European Collection of animal cell cultures.
Drying SDS-Polyacrylamide Gels
Authors: Sambrook Joseph , Russell David W. 
Published: September 2006

INTRODUCTIONThis protocol describes a method for drying SDS-polyacrylamide gels. Gels containing proteins radiolabeled with 35S-labeled amino acids must be dried before autoradiographic images can be obtained. Nonradioactive gels can also be preserved by drying.