bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tracking illegal activities using video surveillance systems: a review of the current state of research
Authors: Zhadan D. O. , Mordvyntsev M. V. , Pashniev D. V. 
Published: April 2024

The current state of research on the use of the neural networks under martial law to identify offenders committing illegal acts, prevent acts of terrorism, combat sabotage groups in cities, track weapons and control traffic is considered. The methods of detecting illegal actions, weapons, face recognition and traffic violations using video surveillance cameras are analysed. It is proposed to introduce the studied methods into the work of “smart” video surveillance systems in Ukrainian settlements.
The most effective means of reducing the number of offences is the inevitability of legal liability for offences, so many efforts in law enforcement are aimed at preventing offences. Along with public order policing by patrol police, video surveillance is an effective way to prevent illegal activities in society. Increasing the coverage area of cameras and their number helps to ensure public safety in the area where they are used. However, an increase in the number of cameras creates another problem which is the large amount of video data that needs to be processed. To solve the problem of video data processing, various methods are used, the most modern of which is the use of artificial intelligence to filter a large amount of data from video cameras and the application of various video processing algorithms. The ability to simultaneously process video data from many CCTV cameras without human intervention not only contributes to public safety, but also improves the work of patrol police. The introduction of smart video surveillance systems allows monitoring the situation in public places around the clock, even if there is no police presence in the area.
In the reviewed studies of video surveillance systems, neural networks, in particular MobileNet V2, YOLO, mYOLOv4-tiny, are used to track illegal actions, criminals and weapons, which are trained on large amounts of video and photo data. It has been found that although neural networks used to require a lot of computing power, they can now be used in IoT systems and smartphones, and this contributes to the fact that more video surveillance devices can be used to monitor the situation.
Buddhist Governance
Authors: San Pisith 
Published: April 2024

This paper examines the relationship between the monastic saṅgha and the Buddhist king as the dhammarājā in the context of good governance in the contemporary world, with a specific focus on the Cambodian perspective. Through an examination of the historical and philosophical foundations of Buddhist governance, it argues for the enduring relevance and applicability of these principles in today’s diverse societies. A second line of argument explores how the saṅgha assembly, as a collective entity, contributes to the establishment of a just and harmonious society.
Keywords: Buddhist governance, Saṅgha, Dhammarājā, Dhammādhippateyya, Dhammocracy, Pāramī, Cambodia.
Modelización Matemática - Una Teoría para la Práctica
Authors: Blomhøj Mortem 
Published: April 2024

El desarrollo de competencias para establecer, analizar y criticar modelos matemáticoses frecuentemente considerado relevante para los últimos años de la escuelasecundaria o después de ella. La creencia general entre los profesores es que lasactividades de modelización presuponen una comprensión de la matemáticainvolucrada en ellas. La modelización matemática, sin embargo, puede ser vista comouna práctica de enseñanza que coloca la relación entre el mundo real y la matemáticaen el centro de la enseñanza y el aprendizaje, y esto es relevante para cualquier nivelde enseñanza. Las actividades de modelización pueden motivar el proceso deaprendizaje y ayudar al aprendiz a establecer raíces cognitivas sobre las cuálesconstruir importantes conceptos matemáticos. Además, las competencias paraestablecer, analizar y criticar procesos de modelización y el posible uso de losmodelos es una meta educativa, por derecho propio, de la enseñanza de la matemáticaen la educación general. Este capítulo presenta un marco teórico que ha sido utilizadopara el diseño de cursos de modelización, para analizar actividades de modelización delos estudiantes, para identificar obstáculos en el aprendizaje durante un proceso demodelización, y para guiar las interacciones de los profesores con sus estudiantesdurante el trabajo. Este marco se ilustrará con un ejemplo tomado de un proyecto dedesarrollo en el cual estudiantes de octavo grado trabajaron con modelización defenómenos reales relativos a su propia experiencia. Traducción: María Mina
Series de Leibniz: un relato
Authors: Ben Roberto , Cafure Antonio 
Published: April 2024

Presentamos aquí un relato con el que hemos trabajado parcialmente en algunos cursos de cálculo en una variable y al que le hemos ido dando forma intentando hacer confluir las siguientes cuestiones: que despierte interés en docentes y estudiantes de nivel universitario; que sea abordable (parcial o totalmente) en un curso elemental de análisis matemático; que nos permita trabajar temas de la currícula en el aula al tiempo que nos impulse a aprender cosas nuevas junto a los y las estudiantes y que desde la simplicidad de un problema elemental, atraviese la amplitud y profundidad de la matemática contemporánea abordándola desde su formalismo algebraico, su rigurosidad analítica y su potencia computacional.
UNA EXPERIENCIA DE MODELIZACIÓN EN UNA CLASE DE MATEMÁTICA PARA LAS CIENCIAS NATURALES
Authors: Díaz Anahí Luciana , González Mónica , Negrette Cintia , Soto Gabriel 
Published: April 2024

En este trabajo describimos una propuesta de implementación de la modelización matemática como estrategia de enseñanza en un curso de Matemática para estudiantes de primer año de Bioquímica, Farmacia, Geología y Técnico Laboratorista Universitario de la Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Ciencias de la Salud de la Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco. Presentamos algunas producciones de los estudiantes y sus valoraciones cualitativas de nuestra propuesta durante los ciclos lectivos 2017 y 2018.
DISEÑO COLABORATIVO DE UNA PROPUESTA PARA ABORDAR LA NOCIÓN DE FUNCIÓN QUE COORDINA GRÁFICOS CARTESIANOS CON MODELOS GEOMÉTRICOS DINÁMICOS
Authors: Sessa Carmen , Andrés Marina , Coronel María Teresa , Di Rico Enrique , Luna Juan Pablo 
Published: April 2024

En este artículo presentamos una secuencia de actividades -con su análisis- para abordar, en el aula de secundaria, la noción de función como herramienta modelizadora. La propuesta se centra en la representación gráfica de las funciones en un entorno dinámico computacional. La misma fue elaborada por un grupo de investigación colaborativa, denominado “Grupo de los Lunes”. Algunos de sus integrantes implementaron la secuencia en sus aulas y estas experiencias, por un lado, retroalimentaron la instancia inicial de diseño y por otro, nos permitieron identificar y analizar episodios de clases, algunos de loscuales presentamos en este artículo.
LA MATEMÁTICA DE LAS EPIDEMIAS
Authors: Amster Pablo 
Published: April 2024

En este artículo se presentan las ideas principales de la versión discreta del modelo SIR (Susceptibles, Infectados, Recuperados), que se emplea para describir las epidemias y se ha convertido en protagonista impensado en los tiempos actuales. Se muestran las propiedades básicas que rigen el comportamiento de las curvas de susceptibles e infectados y algunos ejemplos numéricos elementales.
LA DOCENCIA EN LA UNIVERSIDAD: LA NECESIDAD DE UN NUEVO PARADIGMA
Authors: Ardenghi Juan I. , Buffo Flavia E. 
Published: April 2024

Entrevistas con alumnos de primer año de la universidad en carreras de ingeniería, acerca del proceso de adaptación a la vida universitaria, dejan en descubierto cómo se siguen sosteniendo, por parte de los docentes, ciertos mecanismos tradicionales de enseñanza que empiezan a ser extemporáneos. Por otro lado, es claro, desde la visión que tiene el profesor universitario de sí mismo, y desde la letra de los reglamentos de ingreso a la docencia universitaria, que no hay exigencia de formación docente para ocupar dichos cargos. La pregunta que surge es si ante los cambios en el perfil del sujeto universitario se puede seguir sosteniendo esta postura de que el profesor universitario no necesita tener ningún tipo de formación en lo que concierne al oficio de enseñar y transmitir una disciplina. La formación docente nunca será definitiva, lo que entra en juego es la posición subjetiva de este enseñante que queda desdibujada en medio de los polos opuestos que representan, por un lado, el adidactismo, aquella corriente en la que las condiciones para el aprendizaje no constituyen una acción a considerar por parte del docente dado que la buena docencia deviene directamente de sus saberes científicos y, por otro lado, la educación como un conjunto de normas prescriptivas y normativas. Estas posiciones polarizadas no parecen dar respuesta ante este cambio en el perfil del estudiantado, y sugerimos que esto tiene impacto en el desempeño de los cursantes de los primeros años. Esto nos lleva a pensar si la enseñanza en la universidad, al menos en nuestras materias de Matemática iniciáticas, no necesita un paradigma de docente diferente.
The clinical value of iodine-125 seed implantation in the treatment of iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Wan Qin , Tan Liling , Tang Xinlan , Wang Wenjun , Su Yu , Wu Zhen , Ke Mengmeng , Chen Zhijun 
Published: April 2024

ObjectiveTo explore the clinical benefits of 125I seed implantation for iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (RAIR-DTC).MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted on 36 patients with RAIR-DTC who underwent radioactive 125I seed implantation from January 2015 to February 2022, involving 73 lesions. Prescription dose: 80~120 Gy. All cases were followed up at 1, 3, and 5 months postoperatively to monitor changes in tumor size, serum thyroglobulin (Tg), and serum anti-thyroglobulin antibody levels in thyrotropin-inhibited states, pain scores, and postoperative adverse reactions. The data were processed and analyzed using IBM SPSS 26.0. LER (Local Effective Rate) and LCR (Local Control Rate) were expressed as n (%), tumor diameter, Tg, and pain scores were represented as Median (Q1, Q3). Pairwise comparisons were conducted using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and a p-value of less than 0.05 indicated statistical significance.ResultsTumor size was significantly reduced after treatment (all P &lt; 0.001): tumor length diameters were 32.67 (17.70, 45.72) mm, 27.45 (12.30, 39.98) mm, 20.70 (11.98, 37.58) mm, and 20.39 (10.56, 33.20) mm in the preoperative, 1-, 3-, and 5-months postoperative periods, respectively. Additionally, two consecutive post-treatment results were more minor and statistically significant than the previous results (P &lt; 0.001). The LER at 1-, 3-, and 5-months post-surgery was 23.73%, 38.98%, and 52.54%, respectively, while the LCR at the same time points was 98.31%, 96.61%, and 94.92%, respectively. Patients’ serum Tg levels decreased significantly after surgery. (P &lt; 0.001). Serum Tg levels were measured before surgery and 1-, 3-, and 5-months post-surgery. The results showed that serum Tg levels were 249.45 (79.39, 4718.75) ng/ml, 193.40 (44.53, 2829.00) ng/ml, 192.10 (25.58, 1758.00) ng/ml, and 136.25 (16.57, 1553.25) ng/ml, respectively. Two consecutive post-treatment results were more minor and statistically significant than the previous results (P &lt; 0.001). The patients’ pain symptoms were significantly relieved after 125I brachytherapy (P &lt; 0.001). The pain scores before 125I seed implantation and at 1, 3, and 5 months after the operation were 5.00 (4.00, 6.00), 3.00 (2.25, 4.00), 2.00 (2.00, 3.00), and 2.00 (1.00, 3.00), respectively.ConclusionMost lesions treated with 125I seed implantation in RAIR-DTC patients showed shrinkage and improved pain symptoms.Clinical trial registrationhttps://www.clinicaltrials.gov, identifier NCT06362772.
Lichen planus pemphigoides with predominant mucous membrane involvement: a series of 12 patients and a literature review
Authors: Combemale Loraine , Bohelay Gérôme , Sitbon Ishaï-Yaacov , Ahouach Btisseme , Alexandre Marina , Martin Antoine , Pascal Francis , Soued Isaac , Doan Serge , Morin Florence , Grootenboer-Mignot Sabine , Caux Frédéric , Prost-Squarcioni Catherine , Le Roux-Villet Christelle 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundLichen planus pemphigoides (LPP), an association between lichen planus and bullous pemphigoid lesions, is a rare subepithelial autoimmune bullous disease. Mucous membrane involvement has been reported previously; however, it has never been specifically studied.MethodsWe report on 12 cases of LPP with predominant or exclusive mucous membrane involvement. The diagnosis of LPP was based on the presence of lichenoid infiltrates in histology and immune deposits in the basement membrane zone in direct immunofluorescence and/or immunoelectron microscopy. Our systematic review of the literature, performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, highlights the clinical and immunological characteristics of LPP, with or without mucous membrane involvement.ResultsCorticosteroids are the most frequently used treatment, with better outcomes in LPP with skin involvement alone than in that with mucous membrane involvement. Our results suggest that immunomodulators represent an alternative first-line treatment for patients with predominant mucous membrane involvement.
Association of high disease activity and serum IL-6 levels with the incidence of inflammatory major organ events in Behçet disease: a prospective registry study
Authors: Hirahara Lisa , Kirino Yohei , Soejima Yutaro , Iizuka Yuki , Yoshimi Ryusuke , Fujieda Yuichiro , Atsumi Tatsuya , Tono Toshihiro , Kobayashi Daisuke , Meguro Akira , Takeuchi Masaki , Sakamaki Kentaro , Takeno Mitsuhiro , Mizuki Nobuhisa , Nakajima Hideaki 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundLittle is known about the relationship between the disease activity of Behçet disease (BD) and the incidence of inflammatory major organ events.ObjectivesIn this prospective registry study, we investigated the association between the Behçet Disease Current Activity Form (BDCAF) and incidence of inflammatory major organ events, defined as the inflammation of the ocular, central nervous, intestinal, and vascular systems in BD.MethodsWe enrolled participants from Japanese multicenter prospective cohorts. The BDCAF was evaluated annually. BD-related symptoms, including inflammatory major organ events, were monitored. The association between BDCAF and inflammatory major organ events was analyzed by time-to-event analysis. An unsupervised clustering of the participants’ BDCAF, therapeutic agents, and multiple serum cytokines was also performed to examine their association with inflammatory major organ events.ResultsA total of 260 patients were included. The patients had a median BDCAF score of 2 [Interquartile range, 1-3] at the enrolment and remained disease active at 1- and 2-year follow-ups, indicating residual disease activity in BD. Patients with a BDCAF score of 0 had a longer inflammatory major organ event-free survival at 52 weeks than those with a score of 1 or higher (p=2.2 x 10-4). Clustering analysis revealed that patients who did not achieve remission despite treatment with tumor necrosis factor inhibitors had high serum inflammatory cytokine levels and incidences of inflammatory major organ events. Among the elevated cytokines, IL-6 was associated with inflammatory major organ events.ConclusionThis study suggests that treatment strategies targeting overall disease activity and monitoring residual serum IL-6 may help prevent inflammatory major organ events in BD.
Association between serum creatinine to albumin ratio and short- and long-term all-cause mortality in patients with acute pancreatitis admitted to the intensive care unit: a retrospective analysis based on the MIMIC-IV database
Authors: Wang Jianjun , Li Han , Luo Huiwen , Shi Ruizi , Chen Sirui , Hu Junchao , Luo Hua , Yang Pei , Cai Xianfu , Wang Yaodong , Zeng Xintao , Wang Decai 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundSerum creatinine (Cr) and albumin (Alb) are important predictors of mortality in individuals with various diseases, including acute pancreatitis (AP). However, most previous studies have only examined the relationship between single Cr or Alb levels and the prognosis of patients with AP. To our knowledge, the association between short- and long-term all-cause mortality in patients with AP and the blood creatinine to albumin ratio (CAR) has not been investigated. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the short- and long-term relationships between CAR and all-cause mortality in patients with AP.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study utilizing data from the Medical Information Market for Intensive Care (MIMIC-IV) database. The study involved analyzing various mortality variables and obtaining CAR values at the time of admission. The X-tile software was used to determine the optimal threshold for the CAR. Kaplan-Meier (K-M) survival curves and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to assess the relationship between CAR and both short- and long-term all-cause mortality. The predictive power, sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC) of CAR for short- and long-term mortality in patients with AP after hospital admission were investigated using Receiver Operating Characteristic analysis. Additionally, subgroup analyses were conducted.ResultsA total of 520 participants were included in this study. The CAR ideal threshold, determined by X-tile software, was 0.446. The Cox proportional hazards model revealed an independent association between CAR≥0.446 and all-cause mortality at 7-day (d), 14-d, 21-d, 28-d, 90-d, and 1-year (y) before and after adjustment for confounders. K-M survival curves showed that patients with CAR≥0.446 had lower survival rates at 7-d, 14-d, 21-d, 28-d, 90-d, and 1-y. Additionally, CAR demonstrated superior performance, with higher AUC values than Cr, Alb, serum total calcium, Glasgow Coma Scale, Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome score, and Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment score at 7-d, 14-d, 21-d, 28-d, 90-d, and 1-y intervals. Subgroup analyses showed that CAR did not interact with a majority of subgroups.ConclusionThe CAR can serve as an independent predictor for short- and long-term all-cause mortality in patients with AP. This study enhances our understanding of the association between serum-based biomarkers and the prognosis of patients with AP.
Asparaginase-specific basophil recognition and activation predict Asparaginase hypersensitivity in mice
Authors: Rathod Sanjay , Hoshitsuki Keito , Zhu Yin , Ramsey Manda , Fernandez Christian A. 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundAsparaginase (ASNase) is a crucial part of acute leukemia treatment, but immune responses to the agent can reduce its effectiveness and increase the risk of relapse. Currently, no reliable and validated biomarker predicts ASNase-induced hypersensitivity reactions during therapy. We aimed to identify predictive biomarkers and determine immune cells responsible for anaphylaxis using a murine model of ASNase hypersensitivity.MethodsOur preclinical study uses a murine model to investigate predictive biomarkers of ASNase anaphylaxis, including anti-ASNase antibody responses, immune complex (IC) levels, ASNase-specific binding to leukocytes or basophils, and basophil activation.ResultsOur results indicate that mice immunized to ASNase exhibited dynamic IgM, IgG, and IgE antibody responses. The severity of ASNase-induced anaphylaxis was found to be correlated with levels of IgG and IgE, but not IgM. Basophils from immunized mice were able to recognize and activate in response to ASNase ex vivo, and the extent of recognition and activation also correlated with the severity of anaphylaxis observed. Using a multivariable model that included all biomarkers significantly associated with anaphylaxis, independent predictors of ASNase-induced hypersensitivity reactions were found to be ASNase IC levels and ASNase-specific binding to leukocytes or basophils. Consistent with our multivariable analysis, we found that basophil depletion significantly protected mice from ASNase-induced hypersensitivity reactions, supporting that basophils are essential and can be used as a predictive marker of ASNase-induced anaphylaxis.ConclusionsOur study demonstrates the need for using tools that can detect both IC- and IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reactions to mitigate the risk of ASNase-induced hypersensitivity reactions during treatment.
Comparative development of human filariae Loa loa, Onchocerca volvulus and Mansonella perstans in immunocompromised mouse strains
Authors: Chunda Valerine C. , Fombad Fanny Fri , Kien Chi Anizette , Ebai Rene , Esofi Frederick , Ntuh Anna Ning , Ouam Emmanuel , Gandjui Narcisse Victor Tchamatchoua , Ekanya Relindis , Nietcho Franck , Nchang Lucy Cho , Magha Chefor , Njouendou Abdel Jelil , Enyong Peter , Hoerauf Achim , Wanji Samuel , Ritter Manuel 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionMouse models of human filarial infections are not only urgently needed to investigate the biology of the nematodes and their modulation of the host’s immunity, but will also provide a platform to screen and test novel anti-filarial drugs. Recently, murine Loa loa infection models have been stablished using immunocompromised mouse strains, whereas murine Mansonella perstans infections have not been implemented until now.MethodsTherefore, we aim to establish experimental M. perstans infections using the immunocompromised mouse strains RAG2IL-2Rγ-/- (lack B, T and natural killer cells), IL-4Rα/IL-5-/- (impaired IL-4/5 signalling and eosinophil activation) and NOD.Cg-PrkdcscidIl2rgtm1Wj l/SzJ (NOD scid gamma, NSG) BALB/c mice (lack mature lymphocytes) through subcutaneous (s.c.) or intraperitoneal (i.p.) inoculation of infective stage 3 larvae (L3) isolated from engorged vectors.ResultsIn total, 145 immunocompromised mice have been inoculated with 3,250 M. perstans, 3,337 O. volvulus, and 2,720 Loa loa L3 to comparatively analyse which immunocompromised mouse strain is susceptible to human filarial infections. Whereas, no M. perstans and O. volvulus L3 could be recovered upon 2-63 days post-inoculation, a 62-66% Loa loa L3 recovery rate could be achieved in the different mouse strains. Gender of mice, type of inoculation (s.c. or i.p.) or time point of analysis (2-63 days post inoculation) did not interfere with the success of L3 recovery. In addition, administration of the immune suppressants hydrocortisone, prednisolone and cyclophosphamide did not restore M. perstans L3 recovery rates.DiscussionThese findings show that RAG2IL-2Rg-/-BALB/c and C57BL/6, IL-4Rα/IL-5-/- BALB/c and NSG mice were not susceptible to M. perstans and O. volvulus L3 inoculation using the applied methods, whereas Loa loa infection could be maintained. Further studies should investigate if humanized immunocompromised mice might be susceptible to M. perstans. and O. volvulus.