bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expression of the mdr3 gene in prolymphocytic leukemia: Association with cyclosporin‐a‐induced increase in drug accumulation
Authors: Nooter Kees , Sonneveld Pieter , Janssen Arjenne , Oostrum Robert , Boersma Ton , Herweijer Hans , Valerjo Dinko , Hagemeijer Anne , Baas Frank 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTypical multidrug resistance in human and animal cell lines is caused by overactivity of an unidirectional transmembrane drug efflux pump, encoded by the MDR genes, called mdr genes in mice and humans and pgp genes in hamsters. In humans, two mdr genes, mdr1 and mdr3, with approximately 80% nucleotide homology, have been identified. There is increasing evidence that overexpression of the mdr1 gene plays a role in resistance to anticancer agents in specific tumor types. However, currently no data are available on a possible role for mdr3 in drug resistance. Here we report high levels of expression of mdr3 gene sequences in leukemic cells from 6 out of 6 patients with prolymphocytic leukemia (PLL). No mdr1 expression was detected in 5 out of 6 of these samples, whereas a low level of mdr1 expression was found in a sample from one PLL patient in the course of transformation to non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma. Except for this patient, all other PLL cases studied had not received prior chemotherapy. In vitro drug uptake studies showed that daunorubicin accumulation in PLL cells was increased by cyclosporin A. Since cyclosporin A is an inhibitor of the mdr1‐encoded P‐glycoprotein drug pump, these data suggest that in PLL cells mdr3 also codes for a drug efflux pump. Our findings could partly explain the primary refractoriness of PLL to chemotherapy.
Malignant lymphoma of the central nervous system in Japan: Histologic and immunohistologic studies
Authors: Aozasa Katsuyuki , Ohsawa Masahiko , Yamabe Hirohiko , Shima Nobuko , Kirimoto Koji , Yamane Tetsumi , Tsujimoto Masahiko , Kobayashi Yasushi , Kurata Akihiko , Osada Hiromi , Konishi Fumio , Nagashima Kazuo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNinety‐seven Japanese patients with so‐called primary non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma of the central nervous system (CNS‐NHL), unrelated to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or organ transplantation, were reviewed. The patients' ages ranged from 1 to 87 years (median: 58 years) with a male to female ratio of 1.77:1. The most frequent past histories were acute appendicitis (appendectomy), head injury, uveitis or iritis, and gastritis or gastric ulcer. These patients presented with symptoms suggesting an expanding intracranial lesion with no signs of extracranial lymphomatous disease. Combined computed tomographic scans, angiography, and findings at surgery or autopsy showed that the cerebrum was the commonest site of involvement, 87% of all cases, with the frontal to temporal region being the most commonly involved. Histologically, the diffuse large‐cell type was most frequent and 26% of lymphomas were of high‐grade malignancy as defined by the Working Formulation. The reported frequency of high‐grade CNS‐NHLs in AIDS patients in the United States is much higher (over 60%). Immunohistochemistry on paraffin‐embedded sections revealed a B‐cell nature of the present series of tumors. In 16% of the cases, large numbers of small lymphoid cells with a positive reaction predominantly for anti‐T lymphocyte antibodies surrounded the tumors or aggregated around the capillaries. The tumors which were infiltrated by small lymphoid cells showed more favorable prognosis than those which were not, suggesting a host reaction to tumor growth in these patients.
Risk factors for male breast cancer: A Franco‐Swiss case‐control study
Authors: Lenfant‐Pejovic Marie‐Hélène , Mlika‐Cabanne Najoua , Bouchardy Christine , Auquier Ariane 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn order to evaluate risk factors in male breast cancer, a case‐control study of 91 histologically diagnosed cases and 255 cancer controls, matched for age and year of diagnosis, was conducted in Villejuif (France) and Geneva (Switzerland). Factors studied included marital history, occupational exposure, associated diseases, family history of breast cancer, history of radiation exposure and drugs which increase or are suspected of increasing prolactin or estrogen levels. Cases were significantly more likely to be bachelors or to work as butchers than were the controls. Other statistically significant risk factors identified were family history of breast cancer and therapeutic use of digitalis. Elevated risks, although not significant, were observed for individuals with a past history of tuberculosis, hyperthyroidism, liver cirrhosis or gallstone, who had been treated with isoniazid, or who had worked in high environmental temperatures. Further studies are needed to confirm our results particularly as regards hormonal imbalance and genetic factors.
Cancer in Mali, 1987–1988
Authors: Bayo Siné , Parkin Donald Maxwell , Koumaré A. K. , Diallo A. N. , Ba T. , Soumaré S. , Sangaré S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractResults from the population cancer registry in Bamako, Mali, for the years 1987 and 1988, are presented. The age‐standardized incidence for all cancers is high compared with rates reported elsewhere in West Africa (119.6 per 105 in males and 88.3 per 105 in females), but the leading cancers in each sex are the same (liver cancer in males, cervix cancer in females). The incidence of stomach cancer is the highest recorded in Africa, while rates for lung cancer, although low, exceed those in earlier series from registries in the region.
Alpha1‐antitrypsin and survival in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Trichopoulos Dimitrios , Tzonou Anastasia , Kalapothaki Victoria , Sparos Loucas , Kremastinou Tzenny , Skoutari Maria 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe association between serum levels of alpha1‐antitrypsin (a1AT) at the time of diagnosis and survival was studied in a group of 44 patients with confirmed pancreas cancer. All 44 patients were followed until time of death, which occurred in all cases from pancreas cancer, with a median time of 3 months and a range of 0.5 to 16 months. Cox's proportional hazards model was utilized in the analysis controlling for sex, age and tobacco smoking. Males, older patients and smokers have higher fatality rates, but none of these relations was statistically significant. By contrast, there was a statistically highly significant association of increased levels of serum a1AT, at the time of diagnosis of the cancer of pancreas, with shorter survival; patients with serum a1AT higher by 100mg/100ml had a 57% higher fatality rate. These results indicate that serum a1AT represents a clinically interesting prognostic factor in pancreas cancer.
Fucose and galactose receptor and liver recognition by lymphoma cells
Authors: Vavasseur F. , Berrada A. , Heuze F. , Jotereau F. , Meflah K. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA syngeneic model system for the study of metastases is described. The system consisted of 2 lymphoma clones (A/63‐1 and A/63‐2) derived from a single thymoma (A/63) induced by a wild‐type Abelson‐Moloney viral complex. Phenotype and genotype analyses revealed that both clones were derived from transformation of early T‐cell precursors. An in vivo study of the colonizing potential following intravenous (i.v.) injection of clones showed that only the A/63‐1 cell clone colonized the liver. This observation was confirmed by quantitative analysis of organ distribution of both cell clones consecutive to i.v. injection of 125IUdR‐labelled cells. In the same way, an in vitro study of the invasive potential of both clones was performed on frozen liver sections and showed that only the A/63‐1 cell clone had the ability to attach to liver. This specific adhesion was inhibited by L‐fucose, D‐galactose, N‐acetyl‐D‐galactosamine (D‐GalNAc) and with D‐galactose‐and L‐fucose‐containing neoglycoproteins. Differences in cell surface carbohydrates of the 2 cell clones were detected using various lectins: peanut agglutinin (PNA), Dolichos biflorus (DBA), Aleuria aurantia (AAA) and Galactia tenuiflora agglutinins (GTA). A/63‐1 was found to react strongly with PNA, DBA and GTA, and the removal of sialic acid by neuraminidase treatment increased DBA and PNA receptor sites of A/63‐2 as compared to A/63‐1. The present data suggest that cell‐surface GalNAc, galactosyl and fucosyl residues are responsible for the ability of the A/63‐1 cell clone to recognize liver tissue probably through binding to a Kupffer‐cell‐associated lectin.
Establishment of immortalized primate epithelial cells with sub‐genomic EBV DNA
Authors: Karran Loraine , Teo Chong Gee , King David , Hitt Mary M. , Gao Yanning , Wedderburn Nina , Griffin Beverly E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe genetic information in a sub‐fragment of EBV DNA, designated p31 (containing less than a quarter of the viral genome and derived from a recombinant DNA cosmid library) allows epithelial cells from primary monkey and human kidney cultures to escape senescence under standard tissue culture conditions. A number of epithelial cell lines, designated M1/31, 483/31, 199/31 and HK/31, have been established and characterized following transfection of primary cells with p31 DNA. They share many properties, although morphologically they are not all identical. The cultures are immortalized but not fully transformed or tumorigenic. They appear to be phenotypically stable, although DNA hybridization studies indicate that genotypic alterations, including amplification, occur subsequent to transfection with p31 DNA and the establishment of a continuously proliferating epithelium. All cell lines consistently express high levels of cytokeratin 18 and varying amounts of cytokeratin 7, demonstrating their epithelial origin. From a single marmoset kidney (designated 199) a series of related immortalized cells, with subtle phenotypic differences, have been generated by p31 or sub‐fragments of it. Although hallmarks of a “hit‐and‐run” mechanism are apparent in all of our studies, 2 different techniques (in situ hybridization or selection for cell survival in semi‐solid media, followed by nucleic acid hybridization) show that, in late‐passaged cultures, a small proportion of the cells still contain some viral DNA. The studies focus on genetic information within the BamHI A and I regions as being relevant to immortalization. The role of the EBV DNA fragment in the genesis of epithelial cell lines is considered.
Identification of T‐cell antigens expressed by metastatic T‐cell hybridomas and lymphomas
Authors: Van Hecke Dominique , Verschueren Hendrik , De Baetselier Patrick 
Published: February 2007

AbstractUsing the murine BW5147 tumor model system, we have identified 3 MAbs that discriminate between metastatic and non‐metastatic BW5147‐derived T‐cell hybridomas and BW5147‐unrelated T‐lymphomas. The 3 rat MAbs appear to recognize an identical membrane‐associated sialoglycoprotein with an approximate molecular weight of 95–100 kDa. We thus defined “metastatic T‐cell hybridoma” antigens (MTH‐Ags) that are also expressed on normal T‐lymphocytes. No correlation was found between the expression of the MTH Ags and in vitro invasive behavior of normal and malignant cells. Neither did we find any relationship between organ specificity of i.v. inoculated tumor cells and their MTH‐Ags expression. It thus remains unclear whether our MTH‐Ags are functionally involved in the metastatic process, or whether their expression is only incidentally related to the metastatic potential.
Serum CEA and CA 19‐9: Potential future diagnostic or screening tests for gallbladder cancer?
Authors: Strom Brian L. , Maislin Greg , West Suzanne L. , Atkinson Barbara , Herlyn Meenhard , Saul Scott , Rodriguez‐Martinez Hector A. , Rios‐Dalenz Jaime , Iliopoulos Dimitrios , Soloway Roger D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe poor prognosis of gallbladder cancer and the presence of high‐risk populations make the identification of a screening test for this disease very desirable. As part of an ongoing case‐control study of gallbladder cancer being conducted in Mexico City, Mexico, and in La Paz, Bolivia, blood specimens were sought from all patients with cancer of the gallbladder and on controls of similar age and sex undergoing upper abdominal surgery. Each sample was analyzed for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and CA 19‐9. Using the specimens from Bolivia, a serum CEA cutoff of 4.0 ng/ml yielded a sensitivity of 50.0% and a specificity of 92.7%, while a serum CA 19‐9 cutoff of 20.0 units/ml yielded a sensitivity of 79.4% and a specificity of 79.2%. Using ROC curve analysis, the latter was a much better test than the former (p < 0.05). Using the tests in series or in parallel did not substantively improve the results. The specimens from Mexico were used for validation purposes, and yielded very similar results. In conclusion, serum CA 19‐9 and CEA are fairly good tests for discriminating patients with gallbladder cancer from patients with gallstones and no cancer, the former being a better test than the latter. These tests may be useful in identifying disease recurrences. In addition, if a sufficiently high‐risk population could be identified, this could potentially become a useful screening test for this serious disease, allowing early intervention. However, additional data are needed prior to recommending this clinically.
The seroepidemiology of human herpesvirus‐6 (HHV‐6) from a case‐control study of leukaemia and lymphoma
Authors: Clark D. A. , Alexander F. E. , McKinney P. A. , Roberts B. E. , O'Brien C. , Jarrett R. F. , Cartwright R. A. , Onions D. E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSera from an epidemiological case‐control study of leukaemias and lymphomas conducted between 1980 and 1986 were examined for reactivity to human herpesvirus‐6 (HHV‐6) by an indirect immunofluorescence assay. Statistical analyses of the data revealed higher HHV‐6 seroprevalence and antibody titres in the cases, particularly evident in the disease subtypes acute myeloid leukaemia, Hodgkin's disease (HD), and low‐grade non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma. Within the control group alone, HHV‐6 seroprevalence was placed at 55% at a serum dilution of 1:40. The controls also displayed higher seropositivity in females as compared with males. Further analyses suggest an association of increased HHV‐6 seropositivity and geometric mean titre ratio with HD among young adults lacking social contact in the family group. This finding might indicate late exposure to HHV‐6 in such persons and could possibly signify late exposure to a number of viruses, including those hypothesized as playing a role in the aetiology of HD. Previous reports have nominated Epstein‐Barr virus as a possible candidate. Our results suggest that HHV‐6 should be included in further investigations of the aetiology of HD.
Tumor‐specific T‐cell clones recognize different protein determinants of autologous human malignant melanoma cells
Authors: Notter Michael , Schirrmacher Volker 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis study attempts to characterize human melanomaassociated tumor antigens that are recognized by autologous T‐lymphocyte clones. Peripheral blood lymphocytes of a melanoma patient (AV) were activated in an autologous‐mixedlymphocyte tumor culture (AMLTC) and responding cells were cloned using irradiated autologous melanoma cells (AV‐Mel) as antigen source, EBV‐transformed B‐lymphoblasts as feeder cells and recombinant Interleukin 2. T‐cell clones were isolated which proliferated in response to autologous tumor cells, but not to autologous B‐lymphoblasts (AV‐B), and which were cytolytic for AV‐Mel cells. In an attempt to identify the antigens recognized, an in vitro test system was used, in which 3H‐Thymidine (3H‐TdR) incorporation by T lymphocytes was measured in the presence of protein from AV‐Mel cells presented by irradiated autologous accessory cells. Antigenbearing particles of AV‐Mel or AV‐B cells were prepared by spotting cell lysates onto nitrocellulose (NC) followed by dissolution with DMSO and precipitation with an aqueous buffer. T cells sensitized against autologous melanoma cells were specifically stimulated by NC‐bound AV‐Mel protein. Stimulation required the presence of AV‐B accessory cells, indicating that B‐lymphoblasts are able to present tumor antigens. This approach facilitates screening of polypeptide fractions of AV‐Mel cells separated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by Western blotting for their capacity to stimulate antigen‐dependent T‐cells. CD4+ and CD8+ tumorspecific clones appear to recognize different antigens on the tumor cell: proliferation of an antigen‐dependent CD8+ clone was stimulated by 240‐ and 24‐kDa protein fractions, while proliferation of 2 antigen‐dependent CD4+ clones was observed either with an 84‐ or with 140‐ and 55‐kDa fractions. Molecular definition of the different antigens of tumor cells recognized by autologous T cells may be a prerequisite in attempts to manipulate T‐cell‐mediated anti‐tumor responses in a controlled way.
Variations in the uptake of beta‐carotene in the oral mucosa of individuals after 3 days of supplementation
Authors: Gilbert Ann‐Marie , Stich Hans F. , Rosin Miriam P. , Davison Allan J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractVariations in the response of individuals to beta‐carotene supplementation were studied by measuring the accumulation of beta‐carotene in oral mucosa cells. Beta‐carotene was administered orally to 178 individuals for 3 consecutive days, exfoliated oral mucosa cells were collected by brushing the entire oral mucosa on the 7th day following supplementation, and the beta‐carotene content was measured by HPLC analysis of the pronase‐treated cells. The rise in beta‐carotene levels in the oral mucosa following supplementation varied considerably. Significant differences in mean beta‐carotene levels in the oral mucosa were observed in 4 population groups. After supplementation, beta‐carotene levels increased by factors of 10.3 (100 Mile House), 7.8 (Williams Lake), 6.9 (Lytton) and 3.4 (Vancouver), respectively. This difference in mean beta‐carotene values is due to there being different proportions of weak and strong responders in the various population groups. Neither peak levels nor increases in beta‐carotene levels were correlated with base‐line concentrations of beta‐carotene in the pre‐supplementation samples. A second supplementation was given to 54 individuals several months after the initial supplementation. Of 17 weak responders in the first supplementation study, 10 (58.8%) individuals again showed only a small increase. A time‐course study revealed that low responders showed no significant changes in beta‐carotene levels over the 21 days following supplementation. Particular attention should be paid to weak responders when results of intervention trials using betacarotene are interpreted.
Detection of antibodies to human T‐lymphotropic virus type I by using synthetic peptides
Authors: Kuroda Naotaka , Washitani Yukiko , Shiraki Hiroshi , Kiyokawa Hiroyuki , Ohno Motonori , Sato Hiroyuki , Maeda Yoshiaki 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe describe an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for antibodies to HTLV‐1 using synthetic peptides corresponding to antigenic regions of HTLV‐1 structural protein. We observed that the peptides amino acid 100–119, 100–130, 131–160 and 295–314 of the gag protein, and 89–115, 175–199, 350–386 and 458–488 on the env protein correspond to the antigenic regions of HTLV‐1 structural protein. In particular, the peptide corresponding to amino acid 100–130 of the gag protein reacted with antibodies in all sera from HTLV‐1 carriers diagnosed by particle agglutination assay (PA) and indirect immunofluorescence assay (IF), but did not react with sera from healthy volunteers judged to be negative by PA and IF. Our results indicate that the ELISA using the peptide 100–130 of the gag protein can be used for donor screening of HTLV‐1 antibodies.
Tobacco and alcohol as risk factors in cancer of the larynx in Kerala, India
Authors: Sankaranarayanan R. , Duffy Stephen W. , Nair M. Krishnan , Padmakumary G. , Day Nicholas E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA case‐control study of cancer of the larynx was carried out in Kerala, Southern India, on 191 male cancer cases and 549 male hospital‐based controls. Risk factors investigated were pan(betel)‐tobacco chewing, bidi and cigarette smoking, drinking alcohol and inhaling snuff. Significant positive associations with risk were observed for bidi smoking (p < 0.001), bidi and cigarette smoking (p < 0.001) and drinking alcohol (p < 0.001). A predisposing effect of smoking cigarettes alone approached significance (0.1 < p < 0.05), What appeared to be an almost significant protective effect of pan‐tobacco chewing (0.1 < p < 0.05) was found to be an artefact of confounding with smoking, and indeed a significant predisposing effect was observed of occasional chewing (p < 0.001). After a stepwise logistic regression to eliminate those factors which were not significant when adjusted for other factors, significant effects remained of durations of bidi smoking and cigarette smoking, daily frequency of bidi and cigarette smoking and duration of alcohol drinking. Relative risks of 7.12, 5.18 and 2.58 were observed for durations of more than 20 years of bidi smoking, cigarette smoking and drinking alcohol respectively, and a relative risk of 12.68 was observed for those smoking more than 20 bidis/cigarettes per day, in each case relative to a baseline of those negative for the relevant habit.
Aids‐related B‐cell non‐Hodgkin's lymphomas in direct blood‐stream HIV‐infected patients: Pathogenesis and differentiation features
Authors: Boiocchi M. , Carbone A. , De Re V. , Dolcetti R. , Volpe R. , Tirelli U. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSix AIDS‐related NHLs from direct blood‐stream HIV‐infected patients were characterized for clonality, maturation cell characteristics, activation of c‐myc proto‐oncogene and presence of HIV and EBV genomes. Four out of the 6 AIDS‐related NHLs were of immature B‐cell origin, contrasting with the lower frequency (2 out of 31) of immature B‐cell NHLs occurring in HIV‐negative patients. Moreover, 3 out of the 4 AIDS‐related pre‐B‐NHLs were extranodal lymphomas. C‐myc translocations or rearrangements were not found in Italian AIDS‐related NHLs, unlike c‐myc activation which had a high prevalence in the American series of AIDS‐related NHLs. HIV and EBV are not, or only occasionally, directly involved in AIDS‐related NHL pathogenesis since HIV genome has never been found in the neoplastic clones and EBV genome was detected in only 1 out of the 6 lymphomas analyzed.
Deficiency in catalase activity correlates with the appearance of tumor phenotype in human keratinocytes
Authors: Rabilloud Thierry , Asselineau Daniel , Miquel Corinne , Calvayrac Regis , Darmon Michel , Vuillaume Monique 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBiopsies isolated from various human stratified epitheliomas and cultures of the associated fibroblasts exhibit a break‐down in catalase activity (70 to 95%). We report here that primary human cultures of keratinocytes and various immortalized keratinocyte cell lines differ from one other in their catalase activity. Moreover, deficient catalase activity appears to be related to the intensity of tumor phenotype expression. Since catalase activity in cell lines transformed in vitro is not as weak as activity observed in cell lines isolated from tumors, catalase deficiency may follow the successive steps of tumor progression.