bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS MATEMATIS DITINJAU DARI HASIL BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Kurniawan Frischa Angelline , Nurfahrudianto Aan , Yohanie Dian Devita 
Published: April 2024

Kemampuan berpikir kritis merupakan salah satu tujuan dalam pembelajaran matematika (King & Goodson dalam Muliana, 2016) dalam (Pertiwi, 2018). Menurut Ennis (2015) Seseorang yang mempunyai kemampuan berpikir kritis harus memenuhi 12 indikator diantaranya memfokuskan pertanyaan, menganalisis argumen, bertanya dan menjawab pertanyaan, mempertimbangkan apakah sumber dapat dipercaya atau tidak, mengobservasi dan mempertimbangakan laporan observasi, mendeduksi dan mempertimbangkan hasil deduksi, menginduksi dan mempertimbangkan hasil induksi, membuat dan menentukan hasil pertimbangan, mengartikan istilah dan mempertimbangkan suatu arti, mengidentifikasi suatu asumsi, menentukan suatu tindakan, berinteraksi dengan orang lain. Menurut (Perkins & Murphy, 2006) berpikir kritis dibagi dalam 4 tahap yaitu klarifikasi (clarification), asesmen (assessment), penyimpulan (inference), strategi/ taktik (strategy/tactic). Adapun indikator menurut Polya dalam adalah memahami masalah, merencanakan pemecahan masalah, melakukan rencana pemecahan masalah dan memeriksa kembali pemecahan masalah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis ditinjau dari hasil belajar siswa dengan kategori hasil belajar rendah, sedang dan tinggi. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan siswa dengan kategori hasil belajar rendah mampu memenuhi lima indikator berpikir kritis menurut Perkins & Murphy yang disandingkan dengan indikator pemecahan masalah menurut Polya. Siswa dengan kategori hasil belajar sedang mampu memenuhi lima indikator berpikir kritis menurut Perkins & Murphy yang disandingkan dengan indikator pemecahan masalah menurut Polya. Sedangkan siswa dengan kategori hasil belajar tinggi mampu memenuhi enam indikator berpikir kritis menurut Perkins & Murphy yang disandingkan dengan indikator pemecahan masalah menurut Polya.
Far-ultraviolet to Far-infrared Spectral Energy Distribution Modeling of the Star Formation History across M31
Authors: Leahy Denis A. , Hansen Jakob , Hopkins Andrew M. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Our neighboring galaxy M31 has been recently surveyed at the far- and near-ultraviolet (FUV and NUV) with the UVIT telescope on AstroSat, which provides unprecedented sensitivity to young stellar populations. Here the UVIT data are supplemented with optical data, near-infrared (IR) data (Spitzer), and mid- and far-IR data (Herschel). The observations are processed to obtain the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) for 73 regions covering M31. The SEDs are modeled using the Cigale SED fitting code with old and young stellar populations. The old stellar population has an age of 12 Gyr across M31 but has longer formation times at further distances from the center. Significant dependences on the position of dust extinction, dust emission, and young stellar population properties are found. Across M31, there are regions with a low-age (≲100 Myr) young population and regions with an intermediate-age (∼1 Gyr) young population. The mass in the young population has declined by a factor of ∼10 for ages 800–100 Myr ago but has increased again for ages ≲100 Myr. This indicates that cold gas available for star formation has been changing over the past Gyr, whether it is caused by a changing merger rate, changing gas infall, or changes in the gas reservoir in M31. We find that the dust luminosity, based on far-IR observations, is driven by the youngest stars, which are primarily measured in the FUV and NUV bands.
The Radial Orbits of Ram-pressure-stripped Galaxies in Clusters from the GASP Survey
Authors: Biviano Andrea , Poggianti Bianca M. , Jaffé Yara , Lourenço Ana C. , Pizzuti Lorenzo , Moretti Alessia , Vulcani Benedetta 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We analyze a sample of 244 ram-pressure-stripped candidate galaxy members within the virial radius of 62 nearby clusters to determine their velocity anisotropy profile β(r). We use previously determined mass profiles for the 62 clusters to build an ensemble cluster by stacking the 62 cluster samples in projected phase space. We solve the Jeans equation for dynamical equilibrium by two methods, MAMPOSSt and the Jeans inversion technique, and determine β(r) both in parametric form and nonparametrically. The two methods consistently indicate that the orbits of the ram-pressure-stripped candidates are increasingly radial with distance from the cluster center, from almost isotropic (β ≃ 0) at the center, to very radial at the virial radius (β ≃ 0.7). The orbits of cluster galaxies undergoing ram pressure stripping are similar to those of spiral cluster galaxies but more radially elongated at large radii.
Cosmic Sands. II. Challenges in Predicting and Measuring High-z Dust Temperatures
Authors: Lower Sidney , Narayanan Desika , Hu Chia-Yu , Privon George C. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In the current era of high-z galaxy discovery with JWST and the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array, our ability to study the stellar populations and interstellar medium conditions in a diverse range of galaxies at Cosmic Dawn has rapidly improved. At the same time, the need to understand the current limitations in modeling galaxy formation processes and physical properties in order to interpret these observations is critical. Here, we study the challenges in modeling galaxy dust temperatures, both in the context of forward modeling galaxy spectral properties from a hydrodynamical simulation and via backwards modeling galaxy physical properties from mock observations of far-infrared dust emission. Using the simba model for galaxy formation combined with powderday radiative transfer, we can accurately predict the evolution of dust at high redshift, though several aspects of the model are essentially free parameters (dust composition, subresolution dust in star-forming regions) that dull the predictive power of the model dust temperature distributions. We also highlight the uncertainties in the backwards modeling methods, where we find the commonly used models and assumptions to fit far-infrared spectral energy distributions and infer dust temperatures (e.g., single temperature, optically thin modified blackbody) largely fail to capture the complexity of high-z dusty galaxies. We caution that conclusions inferred from both simulations—limited by resolution and post-processing techniques—and observations—limited by sparse data and simplistic model parameterizations—are susceptible to unique and nuanced uncertainties that can limit the usefulness of current high-z dust measurements.
An X-Ray Census of Active Galactic Nuclei in the Virgo and Fornax Clusters of Galaxies with SRG/eROSITA
Authors: Hou Meicun , Hu Zhensong , Li Zhiyuan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We present a uniform and sensitive X-ray census of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in the two nearest galaxy clusters, Virgo and Fornax, utilizing the newly released X-ray source catalogs from the first all-sky scan of Spectrum-Roentgen-Gamma/eROSITA. A total of 50 and 10 X-ray sources are found positionally coincident with the nuclei of member galaxies in Virgo and Fornax, respectively, down to a 0.2–2.3 keV luminosity of ∼1039 erg s−1 and reaching out to a projected distance well beyond the virial radius of both clusters. The majority of the nuclear X-ray sources are newly identified. There is weak evidence that the nuclear X-ray sources are preferentially found in late-type hosts. Several hosts are dwarf galaxies with a stellar mass below ∼109
M
⊙. We find that contamination by nonnuclear X-ray emission can be neglected in most cases, indicating the dominance of a genuine AGN. In the meantime, no nuclear X-ray source exhibits a luminosity higher than a few times 1041 erg s−1, which might be owing to a steep intrinsic luminosity function. The X-ray AGN occupation rate is only ∼3% in both clusters, apparently much lower than that in field galaxies inferred from previous X-ray studies. Both aspects suggest that the cluster environment effectively suppresses AGN activity. The findings of this census have important implications for the interplay between galaxies and their central massive black holes in cluster environments.
Assurances vie : les nouvelles mesures wallonnes s’alignent globalement sur le régime de l’impôt de succession flamand
Authors: Petit Marc 
Published: April 2024

En vigueur depuis le 1 er janvier 2022, mais publié au Moniteur belge du 12 janvier dernier, le décret wallon « pour un impôt plus juste » 2 modifie notamment la fiction de legs visée à l’article 8 du Code des droits de succession en alourdissant la fiscalité des contrats d’assurance vie au nom de la justice fiscale et en s’alignant globalement sur le régime de l’impôt de ­succession ­flamand.
Le mot et ses concepts. Note sur les significations de l'existence du Moyen Âge aux Lumières
Authors: Bardout Jean-Christophe 
Published: April 2024

Le terme « existence » témoigne d’une équivocité remarquable, dont rendent compte ses concepts successifs. Nous esquissons quelques étapes d’une histoire mouvementée, qui conduit du contexte théologique de son invention, à l’avènement d’une acception anthropologique, aujourd’hui dominante. Inventée pour désigner l’être du Christ, l’existence sera investie par les médiévaux pour penser l’être créé : exister, c’est causer, ou être hors de ses causes, ou encore être hors de l’esprit (existence exposée). Cette double extériorité conduit à une impasse, que résout la modernité en faisant de l’être pensant, spécialement de l’ego cogito, le premier existant. Exister, c’est être senti, mais aussi sentir (existence imposée) : l’existence devient alors immanente et inhérente à la subjectivité humaine.
Les conditions d’existence – Karl Jaspers et les limites de la liberté existentielle
Authors: Calenge Simon 
Published: April 2024

L’existence est l’être propre absolument singulier. Elle se réalise dans l’action existentielle, qui se distingue des autres actions en ce que, en elle, je prends une décision absolument propre, par laquelle je suis moi-même. L’existence ainsi comprise implique l’idée de liberté. Mais celle-ci est soumise à certaines conditions, qui peuvent faire qu’il ne dépend pas seulement de moi d’être moi-même. En s’appuyant sur la pensée de Karl Jaspers, le travail qui suit propose de découvrir ces conditions dans la réalité empirique même où l’existence a à se réaliser. Trois conditions de l’action existentielle peuvent ainsi émerger dans le réel : un cadre circonstanciel, une destination, et une invocation. En ces trois conditions, on découvre que l’existence est soumise non seulement à une conditio sine qua non , mais également à une conditio per quam .
Redéfinir le travail .
Authors: Gabaret Jim , Marty Céline 
Published: April 2024

Depuis plusieurs décennies, la philosophie politique, les sciences sociales et le militantisme débattent de l’extension du concept de « travail » aux activités domestiques, sociales ou digitales. Pour la sociologue Marie-Anne Dujarier, c’est le signe d’un « trouble » du concept, qu’il faudrait abandonner. À partir des terrains sociologiques des communautés utopiques de Michel Lallement et des plateformes digitales d’Antonio Casilli, nous proposons une redéfinition qui en conserve l’unité, tout en permettant son extension à d’autres activités : le travail est une relation de commanditaire à commandité qui oriente de façon non-spontanée le second vers les besoins du premier, qu’il accepte de satisfaire contre compensation. Le concept est alors opératoire pour l’analyse comme les luttes sociales de reconnaissance.
Rock engravings marking the Redan landscape in Gauteng, South Africa
Authors: Gouws Claudia 
Published: April 2024

The ontological1 and epistemological2 foundations of reality, myths, beliefs, and practices in ritual behaviour have long been studied by scholars around the globe. There is no single understanding and representation of reality, as all that is real or existent within the universe is historically shaped by interdependent cultural and social processes and fear factors. Although the study of rock art is primary a branch of archaeology, cultural history also focuses on a past time and place, to study beliefs and ideas from a bottom-up approach and include the objects and experiences (sometimes unwritten) of the everyday life of the uneducated and less privileged. It is particularly well equipped to offer an understanding of the San myths, beliefs, ritual practices, and modes of representation of reality, as represented in their rock art. The Redan open-air rock engraving site is located on the Kookfontein farm, near the former Klip power station at Redan, close to a wetland that was formerly a rivulet that founded its way to the Klip River, a tributary of the Vaal River. The Klip-Vaal area is situated in the southern part of Gauteng, South Africa. Being part of the Late Stone Age hunting, domestic and ritual sites of the San people and later migrants it contains numerous documented and undocumented rock art sites. In line with interpretivism, the methodology is based on published and unpublished literature, as well as several on-site inspections of the site between 2002 and 2022. Authorship of the engravings at the Redan site is unconfirmed, although two dominant views regarding the cultural origin have emerged, namely a San hunter-gatherer shamanistic approach and the Koranna-Khoekhoen initiation site hypothesis.Contribution: The article contributes to the neglected historiography of the rock engravings in the Klip-Vaal region, in particular the Redan site, and the need to facilitate a comparison with similar rock engravings in southern Africa.
Comparison of Efficacy of Intubation with HugeMed Non-channelled Video Laryngoscope, McCoy and Macintosh Laryngoscope in Simulated Difficult Laryngoscopy Using Rigid Cervical Collar: A Prospective Randomized Trial
Authors: Murdeshwar Greeshma N. , Yashodha V. , Poolandevi Kempaiah , Malini S. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims:
In cervical spine injuries, there is an impairment in positioning of the patient to maintain the airway axis during endotracheal intubation (ETI). Literature shows video laryngoscope (VLS) facilitating the intubation in these patients with cervical immobilization. VL3 VLS (HugeMed Medical Technical Development, Shenzhen, China) is a newer VLS with limited studies. The primary aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of ETI using VL3 VLS with Macintosh and McCoy (MC) blades for simulated difficult airway with rigid cervical collar (RCC). The secondary aim was to compare the oral insertion of laryngoscope and intraoral bleeding.

Methods:
One hundred and fifty patients were randomly divided into three groups depending on laryngoscope used for ETI. Group M, Group V, and Group MC used Macintosh, VL3, and MC laryngoscopic blades, respectively, for ETI. During ETI, the Intubation Difficulty Scale (IDS), intubation time (IT), ease of laryngoscope insertion, and any bleeding intraorally were noted. The data collected were further analyzed.

Results:
IDS was statistically significantly least (0.9 ± 1.5) with VL3 VLS compared to direct laryngoscopy with Macintosh and MC blades. There was significantly no difference in IT among the three groups. Insertion of blade of VL3 was significantly more difficult than Macintosh or MC. Intraoral bleeding was present in 8% of patients with VL3.

Conclusion:
VL3 VLS can be used for ETI during cervical immobilization using RCC. More studies are needed to define its efficacy in different difficult airway situations compared with different VLS.
Transesophageal Echocardiography-Guided Elephant Trunk Procedure for Repair of Descending Thoracic Aorta: A Case Report
Authors: Egawa Atsushi 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT
The elephant trunk procedure, an endovascular strategy for retrograde type A acute aortic dissection, is associated with several complications, hemolytic anemia being a rare one. We performed endovascular stent-graft insertion in a patient who developed hemolytic anemia. Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) detected turbulent jet flow and stenosis position, which was not detected by angiography and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS). This imaging technique proved effective for malperfusion diagnosis and enabled us to confirm its resolution after the endovascular procedure. Intraoperative TEE is a useful adjunct to angiography and IVUS for diagnosis and therapeutic assessment during endovascular repair of a stenosed elephant trunk.
Evaluation of Postoperative Pain After Cardiothoracic Surgery in Patients With and Without Significant Preoperative Anxiety: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Shreya Agarwal , Rath Durga P. , Parida Satyen , Munuswamy Hemachandren , Prasad Sreevathsa , Padmanabhan Ramsankar 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Background and Aims:
Anxiety plays a distressing role in cardiothoracic operations. It may trigger hemodynamic instability, increased morbidity, and very crucially, postoperative pain and analgesic use. Our aim is to look at the association between anxiety, postoperative pain, and analgesic use.

Materials and Methods:
One hundred and twenty-two patients scheduled for cardiothoracic surgeries were asked questions according to the Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale (APAIS), the evening prior to the surgery. Different factors that could affect anxiety perioperatively were recorded through the patient’s hospital records. The visual analog score (VAS) was recorded at arrival in the ICU after surgery. Paracetamol (1 g) and Inj Tramadol (1 mg/kg) were administered as postoperative analgesia. Additional fentanyl boluses (1 mcg/kg) were administered whenever the VAS exceeded 4. Analgesic doses were documented. All the data were then analyzed statistically.

Results:
Preoperative anxiety was recorded in 63.9% of the 122 subjects included in the study, with younger patients and patients with very low socioeconomic status being the majority. VAS, at 20 and 24 hrs of assessment, was higher in both groups, and there was a statistically significant difference, with patients that were preoperatively anxious, recording higher VAS scores. Postoperative analgesic doses were also significantly higher for patients with anxiety.

Conclusions:
This clinical trial demonstrated that greater than 60% of the participants presented with preoperative anxiety, the majority being young participants. Lower socioeconomic status is also a risk factor for preoperative anxiety. Patients who suffered from preoperative anxiety are more likely to have greater pain scores and analgesic needs during postsurgical assessment.
Early Quality of Recovery after Elective Cardiothoracic and Aortic Surgeries in Adult Patients: A Pilot Report
Authors: Ishida Ayu , Ida Mitsuru , Kinugasa Yuki , Nakatani Hitomi , Uyama Kayo , Kawaguchi Masahiko 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Patient-centered outcome measures should be evaluated postoperatively as the recovery after surgery varies between patients. We aimed to evaluate the feasibility, reliability, and trajectory of the quality of recovery-15 (QoR-15) in patients undergoing cardiothoracic and aortic surgeries.

Materials and Methods:
This retrospective study included adult patients who underwent elective cardiothoracic and aortic surgeries. The primary outcome was the QoR-15, with a minimal clinically important difference of 6.8, assessed on postoperative days (POD) 2, 4, and 7. The final analysis included patients with at least one valid outcome. Feasibility and reliability were assessed by the successful completion rate on each POD and using Cronbach’s alpha of the QoR-15 on POD 4. A linear mixed model was used to evaluate the trajectory of the postoperative QoR-15 scores.

Results:
Of the 36 eligible patients, 30 with a mean age of 70 years were included in the final analysis. The successful completion rates on POD 2, 4, and 7 were 72.7%, 87.8%, and 87.8%, respectively. The mean QoR-15 scores on POD 2, 4, and 7 were 89.9, 98.0, and 108.3, respectively. The QoR-15 scores on POD 2 and 4 were not statistically different (P = 0.06) but were clinically significant. The QoR-15 score on POD 7 was statically (P < 0.001) and clinically higher than the QoR-15 score on POD 2. Cronbach’s alpha for the QoR-15 score measured on POD 4 was 0.85.

Conclusion:
The QoR-15 is a feasible and valid measurement after elective cardiothoracic surgery, which increases significantly over time after surgery.
Morning or Afternoon Scheduling for Elective Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery: Influence of Longer Fasting Periods from Metabolic and Hemodynamic Perspectives
Authors: Santonocito Cristina , Cassisi Cesare , Chiarenza Federica , Caruso Alessandro , Murabito Paolo , Maybauer Marc O. , George Shane , Sanfilippo Filippo 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Prolonged preoperative fasting may worsen postoperative outcomes. Cardiac surgery has higher perioperative risk, and longer fasting periods may be not well-tolerated. We analysed the postoperative metabolic and hemodynamic variables in patients undergoing elective coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) according to their morning or afternoon schedule.

Methods:
Single-centre retrospective study at University teaching hospital (1-year data collection from electronic medical records). Using a mixed-effects linear regression model adjusted for several covariates, we compared metabolic (lactatemia, pH, and base deficit [BD]) and haemodynamic values (patients on vasoactive support, and vasoactive inotropic score [VIS]) at 7 prespecified time-points (admission to intensive care, and 1st, 3rd, 6th, 12th, 18th, and 24th postoperative hours).

Results:
339 patients (n = 176 morning, n = 163 afternoon) were included. Arterial lactatemia and BD were similar (overall P = 0.11 and P = 0.84, respectively), while pH was significantly lower in the morning group (overall P < 0.05; mean difference −0.01). Postoperative urine output, fluid balance, mean arterial pressure, and central venous pressure were similar (P = 0.59, P = 0.96, P = 0.58 and P = 0.53, respectively). A subgroup analysis of patients with diabetes (n = 54 morning, n = 45 afternoon) confirmed the same findings. The VIS values and the proportion of patients on vasoactive support was higher in the morning cases at the 18th (P = 0.002 and p=0.04, respectively) and 24th postoperative hours (P = 0.003 and P = 0.04, respectively). Mean intensive care length of stay was 1.94 ± 1.36 days versus 2.48 ± 2.72 days for the afternoon and morning cases, respectively (P = 0.02).

Conclusions:
Patients undergoing elective CABG showed similar or better metabolic and hemodynamic profiles when scheduled for afternoon surgery.