bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diffusion Coefficients of Argon in Aqueous Ethanol and 1,4-Dioxane Solutions and of Methane in Aqueous Ethanol Solutions
Authors: Taira Y\={u}k\={o} , Matsuda Kunio , Nakanishi Koichiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The diffusion coefficients of argon in water-rich regions of aqueous solutions of ethanol and of 1,4-dioxane and those of methane in aqueous solutions of ethanol have been measured by using a diaphragm cell apparatus, designed after Hildebrand et al., for dissolved gases in liquid. The diffusivity of gases was found to show much anomaly which might be ascribed to the structural change of water due to the addition of another solvent. The viscosity reduced diffusion coefficient Dη (D: diffusion coefficient, η: viscosity coefficient) has a maximum value in dilute aqueous solution of both ethanol and 1,4-dioxane.
Electrical and Spectroscopic Investigations of Molecular Layers of Fatty Acids Including Carotene
Authors: Ohnishi Toshihiro , Hatakeyama Masahiro , Yamamoto Naoto , Tsubomura Hiroshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Spectroscopic and electrical studies have been made for the mono- and multi-molecular layers of barium stearate mixed with carotene. The results of the electronic spectra have indicated that the carotene molecules lie parallel to the monolayer plane and are aggregated. The capacitances measured are expressed well as those of parallel plate capacitors. From these results, the structure of the layers containing carotene has been deduced.
Fluorescence Lifetime Measurements of Morin–Metal Ion Complexes
Authors: Sawada Tsuguo , Shibamoto Takeshi , Kamada Hitoshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Fluorescence lifetimes of morin complexes of Be(II), Zn(II), Al(III), Ga(III), In(III), Th(IV), Zr(IV), and Sn(IV) extracted into isopentyl alcohol from the acid solution at various pH values were investigated. The result indicates that the Al(III), Ga(III), and In(III) complexes change their compositions according to the change of pH. More detailed investigations by the use of mole ratio method suggest that Al(III), Ga(III), and In(III) form complexes having two different mole ratios of 1 to 1 and 1 to 2 (metal ion: morin). Fluorescence lifetimes were changed according to the changes of the composition of the complex and the differences of the metal ion.
Five-coordinate Bis(8-aminoquinoline) Nitrosylcobalt Complexes
Authors: Miki Eiichi , Okamura Hiromichi , Mizumachi Kunihiko , Ishimori Tatsujiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
[Co(C9H8N2)2NO]X2·nH2O (C9H8N2=8-aminoquinoline; X=Cl, Br, I, NO3, ClO4, and SO4/2; n=0, 1, 1.5, and 2) was isolated by the reaction of nitrogen oxide with a mixture of the corresponding cobalt(II) salt and 8-aminoquinoline in methanol. The IR, UV, and molar conductivity measurements suggest that the geometry of the cation is a tetragonal pyramid with an apical NO−.
Studies of Peptide Antibiotics. XXXVIII. Synthesis of S,S′-Bi([1-l-hemicystine]-gramicidin S), a Dimerized Analog of Gramicidin S
Authors: Sato Kazuki , Ueda Kazuo , Kondo Michio , Aoyagi Haruhiko , Izumiya Nobuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
To investigate the importance of the orientation of side chains of amino acid residues in gramicidin S (GS) for the antibacterial activity, a dimerized analog of GS, namely S,S′-bi([1-l-hemicystine]-GS) (13) was synthesized via removal of p-methoxybenzyl group of [1-S-p-methoxybenzyl-l-cysteine]-GS (12) and subsequent oxidation. Compound 12 showed the same antibacterial activity as GS, whereas 13 was inactive. The resemblance of ORD curves of the two analogs to that of GS suggested the similarity of peptide-backbone structure of these three compounds. Strong activity of 12 was explained by similar conformation of 12 to that of GS. To explain the inactivity of 13, a molecular model was proposed; four hydrophilic side chains are located on surface of the molecule, whereas six hydrophobic are burried.
Preparation of Organic Copper(I) Complexes by the Reactions of Methylbis(triphenylphosphine)copper(I) with Nitroalkanes, β-Diketones, and Cyanoalkanes
Authors: Yamamoto Takakazu , Kubota Minoru , Miyashita Akira , Yamamoto Akio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Reactions of a methylcopper complex CH3Cu(PPh3)2(diethyl ether)0.5 (PPh3=triphenylphosphine) with three types of active hydrogen compounds HA give the corresponding copper derivatives of active hydrogen compounds formulated as ACu(PPh3)2. Nitroalkanes (nitromethane, nitroethane and 2-nitropropane) form copper complexes bonded through aci-nitro groups. β-Diketone and its analogs such as acetylacetone, diethyl malonate and ethyl acetoacetate react in their enol form to give six-membered O,O′-bonded chelates, whereas cyanoalkanes including acetonitrile, propionitrile, and malononitrile afford organocopper complexes having a direct Cu–C bond.
1,3-Dipolar Cycloadditions of N-(p-Substituted benzylidene) p-Substituted Benzylamine N-Oxides with trans-Bis(p-substituted benzoyl)ethylenes and the Substituent Effects on the Reaction Rates
Authors: Tada Keishi , Yamada Tomoharu , Toda Fujio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1,3-Dipolar cycloadditions of N-(p-substituted benzylidene) p-substituted benzylamine N-oxides with trans-bis(p-substituted benzoyl)ethylenes gave the trans- and the cis-2,3-bis(p-substituted phenyl)-4,5-bis(p-substituted benzoyl)isoxazolidines. The configurations of the resulting isoxazolidines were determined by NMR spectra. The formation ratios of the trans- to cis-adducts were determined by liquid chromatography. The second-order rate constants in xylene at 60 °C were obtained by high speed liquid chromatographic analysis. The rates varied with the σ values of the substituents R1 on the N-benzylidene benzylamine N-oxides and R3 on the dibenzoylethylenes, and linear relationships between logk and σ have been established. These results indicate that the HOMO(N-oxide)–LUMO(dibenzoylethylene) interaction predominates. The ρ-values for R1 and R3 were respectively; ρ=−0.41±0.01, ρ=+0.60±0.02.
Study on Solubilization by Electrophoresis and Diffusion
Authors: Ogino Keizo , Abe Masahiko , Takeshita Nobuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The difference in solubilization phenomena exhibited when polar and nonpolar oily materials are solubilized by Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) has been investigated by measuring the electrophoresis, the diffusion, and the viscosity. Based on the assumption that the micelle is spherical the effective specific volume, the effective radius, the ζ-potential and the number of effective charges have been calculated. At the limit of solubilization all four quantities were larger for octanoic acid than for octane. The electrophoretic mobility of the micelle, |UM|, increased when octanoic acid was solubilized, in contrast to a decrease observed in the solubilization of octane.
The Fries Rearrangement of bz-Benzoyloxybenzofuran Derivatives and the Synthesis of the Furo Derivatives of 4-Phenyl-2H-chromen-2-one
Authors: Kawase Yoshiyuki , Yamaguchi Seiji , Aoyama Kumiko , Matsuda Michiyo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The Fries rearrangement of 4-, 5-, 6-, and 7-benzoyloxy-2,3-dimethylbenzofurans gave exclusively or mainly the corresponding o-hydroxy ketones, which were converted to the dimethylfuro derivatives of 4-phenyl-2H-chromen-2-one.
The Effect of the Vibrational and Translational Energies of Ionic Reactant on the Reaction C3H4++NH3→C3H3+NH4+
Authors: Honma Kenji , Koyano Inosuke , Tanaka Ikuzo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The effect of the internal and translational energies of ionic reactant on the rates of the reactions C3H4++NH3→C3H3+NH4+ has been examined by producing the reactant ions from propyne, allene, and cyclopropene by photoionization at various wavelengths. The translational energy was varied by changing the repeller voltage in the ionization chamber. The cross sections for all the reactions decreased with an increase in the internal energy at all the translational energies studied. The results have been explained in terms of the complex mechanism.
Pressure-Induced Metal-to-Ligand Electron Transfer and the Electrical Conductivity of Some PtIIj-Glyoximes
Authors: Hara Yoji , Nicol Malcolm F 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Mid-infrared (900–1600 cm−1), visible absorption spectra and electrical resistance of bis(benzil dioximato)platinum(II) [abbreviated as Pt(bz)2], bis(dimethylglyoximato)platinum(II) [Pt(dmg)2], bis(1,2-cyclohexanedione dioximato)platinum(II) [Pt(cd)2], and bis(pyruvaldehyde dioximato)platinum(II) [Pt(pa)2] have been measured at high pressures. A decrease of the C=N frequency by −40.0 cm−1, with reduction of the dπ→π* optical transition intensity by \simeq14%, show that [Pt(bz)2] enhances thermally its dπ→π* electron transfer at high pressures up to 35 kbar. No such changes are observed for [Pt(dmg)2], [Pt(cd)2], and [Pt(pa)2]. This backbonding causes [Pt(bz)2] to release the instability, due to increasing overlapping of the electron clouds around Pt(II) at high pressures, that is the cause of the resistance minimum.
Regeneration to the Native Form of Hen Egg-White Lysozyme from Its Protected Derivatives
Authors: Aimoto Saburo , Shimonishi Yasutsugu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The following derivatives of hen egg-white lysozyme were prepared from native hen egg-white lysozyme, 2-chlorobenzyloxycarbonyl-lysozyme, S-(4-methylbenzyl)-reduced-lysozyme, and 2-chlorobenzyloxycarbonyl-S-(4-methylbenzyl)-reduced-lysozyme. Treatment of these derivatives with anhydrous liquid hydrogen fluoride for 90 min at 0 °C yielded fully active lysozyme with recoveries, in order, of 23, 12, and 7.4%. The properties of the lysozyme recovered were identical with those of native hen egg-white lysozyme, and crystals of this material were indistinguishable from those of native enzyme.
A Novel Type of Polycondensation Utilizing Transition Metal-Catalyzed C–C Coupling. I. Preparation of Thermostable Polyphenylene Type Polymers
Authors: Yamamoto Takakazu , Hayashi Yasuhiro , Yamamoto Akio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Transition metal compounds including NiCl2(bpy) (bpy=2,2′-bipyridine), NiBr2(PPh3)2 (PPh3=triphenylphosphine), PdCl2(bpy), NiCl2, CoCl2, FeCl2, and FeCl3 catalyze polycondensation of di- and polyhalogenated organic aromatic compounds by dehalogenation with magnesium under mild conditions. Poly(p-phenylene), poly(m-phenylene), poly(oxybiphenylene), and poly(phenylenemethylene) were prepared from p-dihalobenzene, m-dichlorobenzene, bis(p-bromophenyl) ether, and α,p-dichlorotoluene. They have a high degree of polymerization and high thermal stability. Poly(p-phenylene), poly(oxybiphenylene), and poly(phenylenemethylene) have regularly repeated structures as proved by IR spectroscopy and X-ray powder diffraction. Polymerization of polyhalogenated aromatic compounds (1,3,5-trichlorobenzene and hexachlorobiphenyl) in tetrahydrofuran (THF) gave copolymers having aromatic nuclei and THF units. Polymerization of the haloaromatic compounds is considered to proceed through a mechanism in which consecutive cycles of oxidative addition of haloaromatic compounds (R–X) to the transition metal catalyst take place so as to cause alkylation (arylation) by the Grignard reagent formed in the system (R′MgX) and elimination of R–R′ from an active transition metal compound having R and R′ groups.
The Synthesis of Tetrakisdehydrotetraazaannulenes. Tetramethyl[32]-,[40]-, and Tetrabenzo[32]annulene
Authors: Ojima J\={u}ro , Shiroishi Y\={u}ji , Fujiyoshi Masamitsu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The conjugate aldehydes, containing terminal acetylenes, were converted to the corresponding conjugated azines 6a–c and 8a–c, respectively. Oxidative couplings of these azines were attempted. The azines 6b, 6c, and 8b afforded the corresponding cyclic dimers 9, 10, and 11, respectively. Examination of 1H NMR spectra indicates that the tetraazaannulenes are atropic.
Structures of Lanthanoid Complexes of Glyceric Acid, Gluconic Acid, and Lactobionic Acid from the Lanthanoid-Induced 1H NMR Shifts: pH Dependence of the Lanthanoid-Substrate Equilibria
Authors: Taga Tooru , Kuroda Yoshihiro , Ohashi Makoto 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Lanthanoid-induced 1H NMR shifts of glyceric acid, gluconic acid, and lactobionic acid were observed in D2O. Stoichiometric analysis using the shift data at various pH values indicated that the concentration of a 1 : 1 complex between substrates and lanthanoid ions was higher than that of a 2 : 1 complex at a low pH. The structure of an axially symmetric 1 : 1 complex was obtained on the assumption of a predominant pseudo-contact interaction between a europium ion and the ligand nuclei. All the title glycosidic acids were found to chelate the cation with α-carboxy, α-hydroxy, and β-hydroxy oxygens. The relative position of β-hydroxy oxygen is particularly important for the complex formation between β-hydroxy carboxylic acids and metal ions.
Electron Configuration Analysis for Many-System Interactions. Electron Delocalization in Pyracylene, Acepleiadylene, and Dipleiadiene
Authors: Inagaki Satoshi , Hirabayashi Yoshio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The method of electron configuration analysis for many-system interactions (ECAMSI) has been developed and applied to the π electronic structures of polycyclic molecules. The HMO-ECAMSI calculations have been carried out on acenaphthylene, pleiadiene, pyracylene, acepleiadylene, and dipleiadiene. Electron delocalization in the naphthalene core predominates in these molecules and remains unchanged from acenaphthylene to dipleiadiene; the central cross-linked π bond is not a small perturbation. There are four electron-delocalizing modes for the cyclic peripheral conjugation in acepleiadylene which give rise to an additional but appreciable delocalization, while the peripheral delocalization in pyracylene and dipleiadiene is almost completely depressed. The substituent effects on the delocalization have been predicted on the basis of the ECAMSI results and on the concept of the continuity-discontinuity of cyclic conjugation which has recently been developed.
Isomerization of Carvomenthene Oxide over Solid Acids and Bases
Authors: Arata Kazushi , Akutagawa Susumu , Tanabe Kozo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The reaction of carvomethene oxide (a mixture of cis- and trans-forms) over solid acids and bases gives trans-and cis-1-methyl-3-isopropyl-1-cyclopentanecarbaldehyde (III), carvomenthone (IV), 1(7)-p-menthen-2-ol of trans-(V) and cis-form and carvotanacetol of trans-(VI) and cis-form. A large amount of III was formed together with IV over SiO2–Al2O3, SiO2–TiO2 and zeolite H-F9. LiClO4, H2SO4/SiO2, FeSO4, and solid H3PO4 gave preferentially IV, while TiO2-ZrO2 formed mainly V and VI. With respect to aluminas, carbonyl compounds (III and IV) were predominantly formed over Al2O3D, while allylic alcohols (V and VI) were preferentially given by Al2O3 A and B.
The Oxidative Animation of Tropone and Tropolone
Authors: Kikuchi Katsuo , Maki Yuji , Sato Kazuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The reaction of tropone with aniline, p-toluidine, p-anisidine, and p-chloroaniline in the presence of copper(II) acetate gave 2-arylaminotropones and 2-arylamino-N-aryltroponeimines. However, when o-toluidine and o-anisidine were used, only the corresponding 2-arylaminotropones were obtained. The reaction of tropolone with methylamine, ethylamine, and isopropylamine afforded 3-aminotropolone derivatives, while the reaction with dimethylamine, pyrrolidine, and morpholine gave 3- and 5-aminotropolone derivatives, the latter being minor products.
Catalysis by Phosphine Complexes of Silylruthenium Hydrides of the Addition of Carbon Tetrachloride to 1-Octene
Authors: Matsumoto Hideyuki , Nakano Taichi , Nagai Yoichiro , Kono Hiromichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Phosphine complexes of silylrutheniumhydrides of types [RuH3(SiR3)(PPh3)3] (where R3Si=Et3Si, Me2PhSi, and (MeO)3Si) and [RuH(SiR3)(PPh3)2] (where R3Si=Cl2MeSi and (MeO)3Si) were found to be much more effective catalysts for the addition of carbon tetrachloride to 1-octene than RuCl2(PPh3)3 or RuH2(PPh3)4.
Studies on 5–8 Fused Ring Compounds. III. Hydrogenolysis of 4,4-Dimethyltricyclo[6.3.0.01,7]undecane-2,6-dione
Authors: Umehara Misao , Hishida Shinzaburo , Fujieda Kunimi , Ogura Haruo , Takayanagi Hiroaki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Hydrogenolysis of 4,4-dimethyltricyclo[6.3.0.01,7]undecane-2,6-dione with a Pd-C catalyst gave cis-4,4-dimethylbicyclo[6.3.0]undecane-2,6-dione and 8,8-dimethylspiro[4.6]undecane-6,10-dione. The cis isomer has been shown to isomerize almost completely to the trans isomer under acidic and basic conditions.
The Crystal Structure of the B-form of Stearic Acid
Authors: Goto Midori , Asada Eiichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The crystal structure of the B-form of stearic acid has been studied by X-ray diffraction. The structural parameters were refined by the block-diagonal least-squares method, and the final R value was 0.084. In this structure, the bond between the second and third carbon atoms was found to be the gauche conformation, although the other bonds were in the trans conformation usually seen in normal fatty acids.
Infrared Study of Surface Hydroxyl Groups on Zirconium Oxide
Authors: Yamaguchi Tsutomu , Nakano Yasuko , Tanabe Kozo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Zirconium oxide has two absorption bands, at 3780 and 3680 cm−1, after several hours’ evacuation at 500 °C. The exchange of deuterium with the surface hydroxyl groups was studied by using D2O, acetone-d6, 2-propanol-d8, and chloroform-d. D2O, acetone-d6, and 2-propanol-d8 could completely exchange the hydrogens of the surface hydroxyl groups at room temperature, while chloroform-d could not exchange them even under saturated vapor pressure at room temperature. Hydroxyls showing 3780 cm−1 band were selectively and irreversibly chlorinated by chloroform-d. After deuteration, two deuteroxyl bands were observed, at 2780 and 2705 cm−1; these were exchanged rapidly with ammonia and slowly with propylene. At room temperature propylene exchanged the hydrogen with the hydroxyls with a 2780 cm−1 band more rapidly than with the hydroxyls with a 2705 cm−1 band. In the adsorption and desorption of 2-propanol, the behavior of the 2780 cm−1 band was also found to be different from that of the 2705 cm−1 band. It was concluded that the 3780 and 3680 cm−1 bands could be assigned to surface hydroxyl groups, the nearest neighbors of which have different configurations, and the hydroxyl group of 3780 cm−1 is more reactive than the hydroxyl group of 3680 cm−1.
Reaction Mechanism of the Photooxidation of the Toluene–NO2–O2–N2 System in the Gas Phase
Authors: Akimoto Hajime , Hoshino Mikio , Inoue Gen , Okuda Michio , Washida Nobuaki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Photooxidation of the toluene (34 ppm)–NO2(8–207 ppm)–N2 and/or O2(1 atm) system has been studied in a 67 dm3 reaction chamber. The reaction was initiated by O(3P) atoms formed in the photolysis of NO2. The main products were benzaldehyde, cresols, benzyl nitrate, m-nitrotoluene, 6-nitro-o-cresol, and 2-nitro-p-cresol. Their relative yields were studied as functions of reactant concentrations. The formation mechanisms of the products were proposed on the basis of the reactions of O(3P) and OH radicals with toluene in the presence of NO2 and O2.
Transient Absorption in the Sensitized Photoisomerization of Stilbene
Authors: Sumitani Minoru , Yoshihara Keitaro , Nagakura Saburo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The sensitized photoisomerization of stilbene was studied with nanosecond time-resolved absorption spectroscopy at room temperature. In non-viscous solvents (heptane, benzene, and ethanol), the transient spectrum does not depend upon a starting material being either cis- or trans-stilbene. The kinetic analysis of the transient spectrum due to stilbene shows that the observed spectrum consists of the Tn-T1 absorption spectrum of trans-stilbene and that of twisted triplet (phantom triplet) stilbene. The lifetime of the twisted triplet stilbene is determined to be approximately 120 ns. In a viscous solvent (t-butyl alcohol), the transient behavior of triplet stilbene is dependent upon the starting materials being either cis- or trans-stilbene. The contribution of the twisted triplet stilbene to the transient spectrum is larger for the case starting from cis-stilbene than for the case starting from trans-stilbene.
The Enantioface-differentiating (Asymmetric) Hydrogenation of the C=O Double Bond with Modified Raney Nickel. XXX. The Temperature Dependency of the Optical Yield
Authors: Ozaki Hiroshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The effect of the reaction temperature upon the optical yield was studied in the liquid-phase enantioface-differentiating hydrogenation of methyl acetoacetate with various modified Raney nickel catalysts (MRNi) under an atmospheric pressure of hydrogen. The results obtained are as follows: 1) the enantiomer produced in excess in the reactions with (S)-alanine-, (S)-2-aminobutyric acid-, and (S)-valine-MRNi, changed from (S)-(+) to (R)-(−) with the elevation in the reaction temperature (The temperature, T0, at which the direction of the differentiation changed decreased in the order of alanine-, 2-aminobutyric acid-, and valine-MRNi. The origin of T0 is expected to be steric and polar effects that act in opposite directions for the differentiation of the enantioface.), and 2) the temperature dependence of the optical yield with (R,R)-tartaric acid- and (S) -lactic acid-MRNi differed from that with other catalysts. The OH group of the modifying reagent is expected to play an important role in enantioface-differentiation by making a hydrogen bond with the substrate.
Studies of the Yields of 57Fe(II)-species Produced after the EC-decay and of 60Co(II)-species Produced in the (n, γ) Reaction in Cobalt(III) Coordination Compounds
Authors: Sano Hirotoshi , Harada Masayuki , Endo Kazutoyo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The yields of 57Fe(II)-species produced after EC-decay were compared with those of 60Co(II)-species produced in the 59Co(n,γ)60Co reaction for twelve cobalt(III) coordination compounds. The results indicate that the radiochemical yield of 60Co(II)-species correlates with the yield of 57Fe(II)-species except in the case of [Co(NH3)6]2(CrO4)3. The anomalously low yield of 57Fe(II)-species in [Co(NH3)6]2(CrO4)3 is ascribed to the reaction of chromate anions with ammine ligands initiated by the nuclear transformation in a solid.
Photo-induced Oxidation of Diethylene Glycol Dimethyl Ether and Analogues with Aqueous Hydrogen Peroxide
Authors: Ogata Yoshiro , Tomizawa Kohtaro , Fujii Kohzo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Photo-oxidation of diethylene glycol dimethyl ether (DEDE), ethylene glycol dimethyl ether(EDE) and ethylene glycol monomethyl ether(EME) in the presence of aqueous H2O2 has been studied. DEDE and EDE give photo-oxidation products containing methanol, EME, methoxyacetaldehyde, methoxyacetic acid and methyl formate. EME gives products containing methanol, methoxyacetaldehyde and methyl formate. The oxidation is started by hydrogen atom abstraction by HO. radicals formed by the photolysis of H2O2. A reaction mechanism leading to the products (derived by initial C–O and C–C fissions) is postulated.