bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Rights of Nursing Home Patients: Possibilities and Limitations of Federal Regulation
Authors: Caldwell Janice M. , Kapp Marshall B. 
Published: January 2008

Using as their point of departure the proposed nursing home standards recently published by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the authors discuss the dilemma of regulating for human rights. Provisions considered for inclusion in the regulations are discussed in light of positions taken by regulators, providers and consumers. By highlighting the trade-offs involved, the authors point out the limitations of regulation in this emotion-laden area.
Former Secretary Patricia Roberts Harris approved a final version of human rights provisions on her last day in office. However, in his first official act, her successor withdrew that approval.
Effective Aerobic Oxidation of Alcohols over Chromium Containing Mesoporous Molecular Sieve Catalyst with Supercritical Carbon Dioxide and Polyethylene Glycol Biphasic Reaction System
Authors: Dapurkar Sudhir E , Kawanami Hajime , Suzuki Toshishige M , Yokoyama Toshirou , Ikushima Yutaka 
Published: January 2008

Abstract
Aldehyde and ketone were selectively obtained by aerobic oxidation of alcohols over mesoporous CrMCM-41 catalyst with supercritical carbon dioxide and polyethylene glycol (scCO2/PEG) as a biphasic reaction system.
Removal of Phenols by an Organically Modified Layered Niobate K4Nb6O17 through an Adsorption–photocatalytic Degradation Process
Authors: Wei Qingming , Nakamura Koichiro , Endo Yosuke , Kameyama Miyuki , Nakato Teruyuki 
Published: January 2008

Abstract
An organically modified layered niobate was applied to remove phenol and 2,4-dichlorophenol from aqueous solution through an adsorption–photocatalytic degradation process. It showed different performances and structural responses on removal of these two phenols due to their difference in hydrophobicity.
The Rise and Fall of the Common Disease–Common Variant (CD–CV) Hypothesis: How the Sickle Cell Disease Paradigm Led Us All Astray (Or Did It?)
Authors: Mayo Oliver 
Published: January 2008

AbstractThe common disease–common variant (CD–CV) hypothesis requires an explanation for the origin of the variation observed, since substantial neutral, but not deleterious, variation, that is, several alleles each at moderate to high frequency, can be maintained at any gene/locus by mutation. It is argued here that the guiding principle, not always stated, has been balancing selection, influenced by the wellestablished cases of deleterious alleles maintained through heterozygous advantage in the face of strong malarial selection against normal alleles. It is further argued that, although balanced polymorphisms have indeed arisen and reduced population loss through infectious disease, the history of balance in other contexts should have prevented acceptance of any hypothesis that generalized such a specific mechanism. Finally, it is suggested that in the present state of knowledge no single hypothesis for the genetical contribution to common disorders is justifiable.
Assessment of Motor Milestones in Twins
Authors: Langendonk Jacqueline M. , van Beijsterveldt C. E. M. , Brouwer Silvia I. , Stroet Therese , Hudziak James J. , Boomsma Dorret I. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the reliability of obtaining through mailed surveys maternal reports of specific major motor milestones achievement. To accomplish this aim we compared and contrasted mailed survey data and telephone interview data on a series of questions about age at which motor milestones were achieved. We used monthly telephone interviews with mothers of 238 twin pairs, beginning at age 6 months, which ascertained the age at which each specific milestone was met. The contrasting ‘through the mail’ survey was sent after the second birthday of an independent group of children, and included 463 twin pairs. All twins were born between March 2003 and March 2004. Comparisons were made for the following 5 milestones: sitting without support, hands and knees crawling, turning from back to belly, standing without support, and walking without support. There was no difference between the concurrent telephone interviews and the retrospective through the mail survey on any of the landmarks, except ‘standing without support’. From this work we conclude that data on achieving milestones can be reliably obtained through the mail using retrospective surveys when the children are 2 years of age.
An Investigation of a Measure of Twins' Equal Environments
Authors: Mitchell Karen S. , Mazzeo Suzanne E. , Bulik Cynthia M. , Aggen Steven H. , Kendler Kenneth S. , Neale Michael C. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractThe equal environments assumption, which holds that trait-relevant environments are equally correlated among monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs, is essential to twin designs. Violations of this assumption could lead to biased parameter estimates in twin models. A variety of methods and measures have been used to test this assumption. No studies to date have evaluated the measurement invariance of such items or examined the distribution of the underlying equal environments trait. The current study was an investigation of the psychometric properties of a self-report measure of twins' equal environments. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis results indicated that items loaded onto ‘child’ and ‘teen’ equal environments factors. Factor loadings and factor variances and their covariance were invariant for MZ and DZ twins; however, DZ twins had significantly lower factor means than MZ twins. Further, these items demonstrated adequate test–retest reliability. Lastly, the child and teen factors may be bimodally distributed, particularly for MZ twin pairs. Measurement invariance issues, as well as distributions of equal environments traits, should be considered when evaluating the equal environments assumption, in order to produce accurate parameter estimates in twin models.
Genetic and Environmental Covariation Between Autistic Traits and Behavioral Problems
Authors: Hoekstra Rosa A. , Bartels Meike , Hudziak James J. , Van Beijsterveldt Toos C. E. M. , Boomsma Dorret I. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractOur objective was to examine the overlap between autistic traits and other behavioral problems in a general population sample, and explore the extent to which this overlap is due to genetic or environmental factors. Youth Self Report (YSR) data were collected in a general population sample of 424 twin pairs at 18 years of age, and their nontwin siblings. In 197 of these twin families, self-report ratings on the Autism-spectrum Quotient (AQ) were collected. Stepwise backward regression analyses revealed that of all 8 YSR syndrome scales, the Withdrawn Behavior (WB) and Social Problems (SOC) scale were the most important predictors of AQ scores, and together with sex, explained 23% of the variance in AQ scores. Genetic structural equation modeling showed that the overlap between AQ and WB and SOC was mainly due to genetic effects. About half of the genetic variance in AQ scores was specific to the AQ, with the remaining half shared with genetic variance in WB and SOC. Endorsement of autistic traits in a general population sample is associated with social and withdrawn behavioral problems and these problems partly share a common genetic etiology with autistic traits. However, most of the variance in AQ scores remains unexplained by YSR scores, and half of the genetic variance in AQ is unshared with WB and SOC. These results indicate that autistic traits have specific characteristics that are substantially genetically independent from other common but related behavioral domains such as social problems and withdrawn behavior.
CONVERSATION WITH HERBERT BLUMER: I*
Authors: Morrione Thomas J. , Farberman Harvey A. 
Published: January 2008

During the academic year 1977–1978, Professor Herbert Blumer sponsored Drs. Thomas J. Morrione and Harvey A. Farberman as Visiting Scholars in the sociology department of the University of California at Berkeley. In Fall Quarter of 1977, Morrione and Farberman attended Blumer's class and taped and transcribed six of the ten lecture/discussions. The transcripts were reviewed during Winter Quarter and questions, in writing, were prepared and delivered to Blumer for subsequent exploration. In Spring Quarter of 1978, Blumer, Morrione, and Farberman met four times (for a total of about 20 hours) to discuss these questions. A 232 page typescript was produced from recordings of these sessions.A year later, in Spring Quarter of 1979, Blumer again gave his course in Symbolic Interaction (for the last time at Berkeley) and Farberman again taped them. In the Fall of 1979, prior to editing the 232 page typescript, Morrione and Farberman reviewed the tapes of Blumer's Fall 1977 and Spring 1979 classes and settled on an editorial strategy.Initially, two strategies were considered: a fairly straight forward chronology or an analytical reconstruction. Both had advantages and disadvantages. The first captures the informal, spontaneous, dialogical quality of purposeful conversation; but, it contains an abundance of false starts, convoluted sentences, mixed metaphors, leaps of logic, off‐color remarks and, most especially—redundancy. The second offers a set of key notions adduced from the narrative that reflect, what the participants wish to focus on but clearly is an abridged version.Following a series of conversations with Peter M. Hall (then) Editor of Symblic Interaction, it became clear that, publication of the material presupposed journal length segments of 25–30 pages. As a practical matter, the editorial strategy became analytic reconstruction.After two passes at the material, Morrione and Farberman agreed to a scheme that seemed most effective in organizing and containing all the key material. This scheme breaks the material into two manuscripts, one dealing with the nature of “self‐indication,” the other with the “moral dimensions of action and the ethical dimension of investigation.”To offset some of the pitfalls inherent in analytic reconstruction, Morrione and Farberman followed four rules: (1) each participant held a veto and nothing was finalized on any point under review, unless and until agreement was reached; (2) each segment (line, paragraph, or page), no matter where it appeared in the reconstruction, was identified by its page number in the original narrative; (3) each participant would retain a bound copy of the original unexpurgated transcripts and, where appropriate and with the others' permission, make it available for wider scholarly use; and (4) nothing would be published unless it was reviewed and approved by Herbert Blumer.
Conversation with Herbert Blumer: II*
Authors: Morrione Thomas J. , Farberman Harvey A. 
Published: January 2008

During the academic year 1977–1978, Professor Herbert Blumer sponsored Drs. Thomas J. Morrione and Harvey A. Farberman as Visiting Scholars in the sociology department of the University of California at Berkeley. In Fall Quarter of 1977, Morrione and Farberman attended Blumer's class and taped and transcribed six of the ten lecture/discussions. The transcripts were reviewed during Winter Quarter and questions, in writing, were prepared and delivered to Blumer for subsequent exploration. In Spring Quarter of 1978, Blumer, Morrione, and Farberman met four times (for a total of about 20 hours) to discuss these questions. A 232 page typescript was produced from recordings of these sessions.A year later, in Spring Quarter of 1979, Blumer again gave his course in Symbolic Interaction (for the last time at Berkeley) and Farberman again taped them. In the Fall of 1979, prior to editing the 232 page typescript, Morrione and Farberman reviewed the tapes of Blumer's Fall 1977 and Spring 1979 classes and settled on an editorial strategy.Initially, two strategies were considered: a fairly straight forward chronology or an analytical reconstruction. Both had advantages and disadvantages. The first captures the informal, spontaneous, dialogical quality of purposeful conversation; but, it contains an abundance of false starts, convoluted sentences, mixed metaphors, leaps of logic, off‐color remarks and, most especially—redundancy. The second offers a set of key notions adduced from the narrative that reflect, what the participants wish to focus on but clearly is an abridged version.Following a series of conversations with Peter M. Hall (then) Editor of Symbolic Interaction, it became clear that, publication of the material presupposed journal length segments of 25–30 pages. As a practical matter, the editorial strategy became analytic reconstruction.After two passes at the material, Morrione and Farberman agreed to a scheme that seemed most effective in organizing and containing all the key material. This scheme breaks the material into two manuscripts, one dealing with the nature of “self‐indication,” the other with the “moral dimensions of action and the ethical dimension of investigation.”To offset some of the pitfalls inherent in analytic reconstruction, Morrione and Farberman followed four rules: (1) each participant held a veto and nothing was finalized on any point under review, unless and until agreement was reached; (2) each segment (line, paragraph, or page), no matter where it appeared in the reconstruction, was identified by its page number in the original narrative; (3) each participant would retain a bound copy of the original unexpurgated transcripts and, where appropriate and with the others' permission, make it available for wider scholarly use; and (4) nothing would be published unless it was reviewed and approved by Herbert Blumer.
Research of Downhole Separation and Injection Technique for Rod Pumping Well
Authors: Li Xiaoming , Song Kaili , Cao Xuemei , Xu Wenqing , Zhu Yunjie 
Published: January 2008

Abstract
The new technique of down-hole oil-water separation and injection in oilproduction is gaining wide popularity around the world, which can used to solvethe problems with high fluid production and thus large amount of separatingwork in development of high watercut field. It can also used to reduce theheavy investments and energy losses due to water injection. Therefor it is agood prospective technique. This technique was proposed and owned by ProductionTechnique Institute of Shengli Petroleum Administration Bureau. Since 1997, thestudying and manufacture of down-hole separation equipment have been finishedsuch as separate pumping pump and rod pumping production string of down-holeoil-water separation and injection etc. The factors influencing the effect ofthe oil-water separation and its efficiency have been found preliminarilythrough laboratory experiments. The field tests show that the technique willreduce the water production rate and expense, and increase oil productionapparently under appropriate conditions. Although there is obscure points ofthis technique, it is worth being researched and developed further.
Novel Technology Provides Cost-Effective Answers for Revival of a Mature Oilfield
Authors: Johnston Warren , Kosasih Kosim , Maulana Ermawan , Joshi Sameer , Kyaw Htun Aung , El Araby Ahmed 
Published: January 2008

Abstract
This paper describes the field application of a novel wireline conveyed cased-hole formation dynamics tester designed to drill a hole in casing, measure formation pressure and permeability, identify and retrieve downhole fluid samples and seal the hole with a bi-directional plug. Until recently the only way of obtaining such information in cased hole was either by performing a DST or using a modified open-hole tester (needing explosives and squeeze cementing).
The Sembakung field, N.E. Kalimantan was discovered in 1975 and has produced over 37 MMBO. The main producing interval is the Upper Middle Miocene Tabul formation. Over 35 separate sands have been identified in this highly stratified reservoir and producing wells have multiple commingled zones. The reservoir and crude quality is good (ϕ=15–30%, K=200–2000 mD, 37 API, low-sulphur low-wax).
Equatorial Energy acquired an 80% stake in the TAC in 1998 and commenced an aggressive program of infill drilling, as well as acquired a 3-D seismic survey in 2001. 3D seismic uncovered the presence of a significant southward structural extension with additional exploration potential. It also revealed the existence of new untapped reservoirs and structural compartmentalization within the field. Declining pressures and signs of inter-well communication indicated the urgency of field pressure maintenance.
Drillstem testing was not feasible as a large number of potential zones needed to be tested. This novel tool proved useful in managing the challenge. The tool was run successfully in 7 wells where it drilled and tested 71 holes in casing and recovered fluid samples. Formation pressures were measured, permeabilities estimated and fluids identified using downhole pumpout with optical spectroscopy. The performance conclusively demonstrated the applicability and cost-effectiveness of this novel technique in revival of this oilfield.
Interpretation of Multiple Hydraulically Fractured Horizontal Wells in Closed Systems
Authors: Zerzar Aissa , Bettam Youcef 
Published: January 2008

Abstract
The fracturing of horizontal wells has recently gained wide acceptance as a viable completion option to maximize the return on investment. This is especially true in the case of tight formations.
This paper presents an analytical model for fractured horizontal wells in anisotropic closed or semi-infinite, homogenous or naturally fractured systems. Uniform flux, infinite conductivity and finite conductivity models are considered. The fractures may be of different properties and unequally spaced along the horizontal wellbore. This model is validated using a numerical simulator. It provides us with methods and ideas for designing, interpreting well tests and prediction of the long time performance of the system under study.
A log-log plot of pressure and pressure derivative versus test time may reveal the presence of several straight lines corresponding to different flow regimes: bilinear, first linear, biradial, radial, pseudoradial, second linear and pseudo steady state.
New equations have been developed describing the unique characteristics of these flow regimes. These equations allow us to calculate: the number of active fractures, equivalent fracture conductivity and total system conductivity, equivalent half-fracture length, reservoir directional permabilities, equivalent skin, the total skin, reservoir width for semi-infinite systems and drainage area for closed systems.
Simulated examples have been performed to show the applicability of the proposed technique.
A Review on Recent Advances in the Numerical Simulation for Coalbed-Methane-Recovery Process
Authors: Wei X. R. , Wang G. X. , Massarotto P. , Golding S. D. , Rudolph V. 
Published: January 2008

SummaryThe recent advances in numerical simulation for primary coalbed methane (CBM) recovery and enhanced coalbed-methane recovery (ECBMR) processes are reviewed, primarily focusing on the progress that has occurred since the late 1980s. Two major issues regarding the numerical modeling will be discussed in this review: first, multicomponent gas transport in in-situ bulk coal and, second, changes of coal properties during methane (CH4) production. For the former issues, a detailed review of more recent advances in modeling gas and water transport within a coal matrix is presented. Further, various factors influencing gas diffusion through the coal matrix will be highlighted as well, such as pore structure, concentration and pressure, and water effects. An ongoing bottleneck for evaluating total mass transport rate is developing a reasonable representation of multiscale pore space that considers coal type and rank. Moreover, few efforts have been concerned with modeling water-flow behavior in the coal matrix and its effects on CH4 production and on the exchange of carbon dioxide (CO2) and CH4. As for the second issue, theoretical coupled fluid-flow and geomechanical models have been proposed to describe the evolution of pore structure during CH4 production, instead of traditional empirical equations. However, there is currently no effective coupled model for engineering applications. Finally, perspectives on developing suitable simulation models for CBM production and for predicting CO2-sequestration ECBMR are suggested.
The Fracture Characterization and Fracture Modeling of a Tight Carbonate Reservoir—The Najmah-Sargelu of West Kuwait
Authors: Fonta Olivier , Al-Ajmi Hamad , Verma Naveen K. , Matar Saad , Divry Vincent Eric , Al-Qallaf Hanadi 
Published: January 2008

Summary
This paper presents an innovative and promising, multidisciplinary approach that includes geology (borehole images, cores, and wireline logs); geophysics (seismic facies analysis), and reservoir engineering data (production data, PLT, and well test) that were combined to identify the main types of fractures, to predict their occurrence in the reservoir, and to determine the hydraulic properties of the different fractures sets.
The Najmah-Sargelu of west Kuwait is an oil-bearing reservoir made of tight carbonates where porosity and permeability are provided mainly by the fracture network. In this paper, we first introduce the method used to identify and predict the two main scales of fractures: joints and large-scale fractures (faults and fracture swarms). The shale content (Vshale) and mechanical-beds thickness were found to be the two main geological drivers on joints occurrence. The thickness of individual beds was recorded from borehole acoustic images, which enabled us to measure a fracture spacing/bed thickness (S/T) ratio for each fracture set and for different shaliness. Second, we used an innovative solution to deliver an accurate map of the location of large-scale fractures. This approach concurrently uses a set of relevant attributes per selected fracture in a multivariable statistical process called seismic facies analysis (SFA).
A 3D-stochastic fracture model was then generated, incorporating the two scales of fractures and this model was constrained by the shaliness of the reservoir, the S/T ratio, and the seismic facies map. In this approach, the two scales of fractures are modeled independently. The model of large-scale fractures is conditioned by the picking of lineaments on the SFA map and validated at wells, whereas small-scale fractures are modelled according to geological driven statistics on fracture density and fracture orientation. The calibration of the hydraulic properties of the fractures was achieved through the second innovation presented in this paper: the simulation of a synthetic well test using the 3D-fracture model and matched with the real data. This resulted in the calibration of effective hydraulic conductivity for each fracture type. These values were combined with the 3D-stochastic fracture model to produce 3D-fracture-properties models (porosity, permeability, and block size) for the Najmah-Sargelu.