bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Host–Guest Complexes of Oligopyridine Cryptands: Prediction of Ion Selectivity by Quantum Chemical Calculations
Authors: Puchta Ralph , van Eldik Rudi 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe structures and complex‐formation energies for the cryptands 6,6′,6″,6″′,6″″,6″″′‐bis[nitrilotri(methylene)]tris(2,2′‐bipyridine) (1) and 2,2′,2″,9,9′,9″‐bis[nitrilotri(methylene)]tris(1,10‐phenanthroline) (2) with alkali and alkaline‐earth cations are obtained by PM3/SPASS and density functional (B3LYP/LANL2DZp) calculations and the results used to predict the ion selectivity. Both cryptands 1 and 2 have a cavity size similar to [2.2.2] and prefer Ca2+ and Sr2+, while 1 has a preference for K+ and 2 favours Na+ and K+. The cryptand flexibility for 1 is attributed mainly to the bipyridine building block and that for 2 to the groups neighbouring the bridgehead nitrogen atoms. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Synthesis and Sublimation Kinetics of a Highly Volatile Asymmetric Iron(II) Amidinate
Authors: Li Xin‐Gui , Li Zhengwen , Li Huazhi , Gordon Roy G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA highly volatile asymmetric iron(II) amidinate, iron(II) bis(N‐tert‐butyl‐N′‐ethylacetamidinate), was synthesized for the first time by systematically changing starting iron(II) compounds such as acetylacetonate, acetate, and chloride, in different media such as diethyl ether, toluene, and tetrahydrofuran. The amidinate has been characterized and compared with the symmetric iron(II) bis(N,N′‐diisopropylacetamidinate) by NMR spectroscopy, MS, IR spectroscopy, and dynamic and isothermal thermogravimetric techniques. Different amidinates from three starting compounds exhibit almost the same NMR, MS, and IR spectra, a melting point of 85 °C, and the same solution color in the same solvents, but quite different synthetic yields, volatilities, and colors in different solvents. This implies that the amidinates show an interesting solvatochromism. In particular, the asymmetric iron(II) amidinates obtained should be a mixture of paramagnetic and diamagnetic compounds. The thermostability and sublimation kinetics of the iron(II) amidinates have been investigated in detail. It is found that the average activation energy of 106 kJ mol–1 for the nonisothermal sublimation is slightly higher than the average activation energy of 104 kJ mol–1 determined from the isothermal thermogravimetric experiments. The sublimation is a diffusion‐controlled process because the temperature and the rate of the sublimation depend strongly on the sublimation level and the sample size. The optimal iron(II) starting compound and reaction medium should be iron(II) acetylacetonate and diethyl ether, respectively, because the combination offers the highest yield, the greatest volatilizability of 98 %, and thus the purest product. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Tandem Sequential Ring‐Closing Metathesis/Diels–Alder/Cross‐Metathesis: Formation of Polycyclic Compounds by a New Three‐Component Reaction
Authors: Virolleaud Marie‐Alice , Piva Olivier 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPolycyclic oxygenated compounds have been generated from penta‐ or hexadienyl propargyl ethers by a new procedure that combines the selective formation of a 1,3‐diene by ring‐closing metathesis (RCM), a Diels–Alder (DA) reaction and subsequent cross‐metathesis (CM) with a chosen alkene, which allows the functionalization of the vinyl group generated during the first step. All these processes can be performed in a one‐pot reaction with a yield of up to 63 %. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
An Electrochemical Study of Immobilized Ruthenocene in Aqueous Media
Authors: Banks Craig E. , Robinson Kay L. , Liang Han‐Pu , Meredith Andrew W. , Lawrence Nathan S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe voltammetric exploration of ruthenocene RuCp2 in aqueous solution via abrasive modification on a basal plane pyrolytic graphite electrode is reported. It is found that ruthenocene undergoes a one‐electron electrochemically irreversible oxidation to ruthenocenium, which then rapidly dimerizes to form [RuCp2]$\rm{ {_{2}^{2+}}}$. Then, depending on the anion in solution, either disproportionates to [RuCp2]2+ and subsequently decomposes to ruthenium oxide, or is anion stabilized. SEM images and cyclic voltammetry of the electrode surface indicates that in the presence of smaller anions the dimer is not stabilized, whereas for larger anions, such as sodium toluene sulfonate, the dimer is stabilized and decomposition is inhibited.
In Situ Fabrication of Single Poly(methyl pyrrole) Nanowire
Authors: Ramanathan Kumaran , Bangar Mangesh A. , Yun Minhee , Chen Wilfred , Mulchandani Ashok , Myung Nosang V. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOne hundred nm wide by four μm long poly(methyl pyrrole) (PMPy) nanowires without and with biomolecule, biotin‐quantum dot, were synthesized by electrochemical polymerization of 1‐methyl pyrrole with chloride and p‐toluene sulfonate dopants in nanochannels between microfabricated gold electrodes. Scanning electron microscopy examination revealed well‐confined dendrite free chloride‐doped PMPy nanowires with embedded biotin‐quantum dot. Current vs. voltage investigation demonstrated ohmic nature of contact for all nanowires. Chloride‐doped PMPy nanowires were more conductive than with p‐toluene sulfonate doped PMPy nanowires whereas entrapment of biotin‐quantum dot increased the conductivity.
Modification of a Capillary for Electrophoresis by Electrostatic Self‐Assembly of an Enzyme for Selective Determination of the Enzyme Substrate
Authors: Hooper Stephanie E. , Anderson Mark R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe integration of a separation capillary for capillary electrophoresis (CE) with an on‐column enzyme reaction for selective determination of the enzyme substrate is described. Enzyme immobilization is achieved by electrostatic assembly of poly(diallydimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA) followed by adsorption of a mixture of the negatively charged enzyme glucose oxidase (GOx) and anionic poly(styrenesulfonate) (PSS). The reaction of glucose with the GOx produces hydrogen peroxide which migrates the length of the capillary and is detected amperometrically at the capillary outlet. The enzyme reaction occurs during a capillary separation, allowing selective determination of the substrate in complex samples without the need for pre‐ or post‐separation chemical modification of the analyte. The enzyme reactor is found to have an optimal response to glucose when a 5 : 1 mixture of PSS:GOx is used. Under these conditions the limit of detection for glucose is found to be between 5.0×10−4 and 1.3×10−3 M, dependent upon the inner‐diameter of the capillary. The apparent Michaelis‐Menten constant for the enzyme reaction was determined to be 0.047 (±0.001) M and 0.0037 (±0.0007) M for a 50 and 10 μm inner‐diameter capillaries, respectively. These results indicate that the enzyme reaction is efficient, having enzyme kinetics similar to that of a reaction occurring in solution. This enzyme immobilization method was also applied to another enzyme, glutamate oxidase, yielding similar results.
Determinants of integrated health care development: chains of care in Sweden
Authors: Ahgren Bengt , Axelsson Runo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractLocal health care in Sweden is an emerging form of integrated care, linked together by chains of care. Experiences show, however, that the development of chains of care is making slow progress. In order to study the factors behind this development, an embedded multiple‐case study design was chosen. The study compared six health authorities in Sweden, three with successful and three with unsuccessful chain of care development.Three major determinants of integrated health care development were identified: professional dedication, legitimacy and confidence. In more detail, space for prime movers and trust between participants were crucial success factors, while top‐down approaches targeting at the same time a change of management systems were negative for the development of chains of care. Resistance from the body of physicians was a serious obstacle to such a development.Local health care depends on developed chains of care, but it seems that health care managers do not have the management systems necessary to run these clinical networks, mainly due to a lack of acceptance from the medical profession. This is an impossible situation in the long run, since the number of chains of care is likely to increase as a result of the emerging local health care. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Down‐regulation of insulin‐like growth factor binding protein‐5 (IGFBP‐5): Novel marker for cervical carcinogenesis
Authors: Miyatake Takashi , Ueda Yutaka , Nakashima Ryuichi , Yoshino Kiyoshi , Kimura Toshihiro , Murata Takuya , Nomura Taisei , Fujita Masami , Buzard Gregory S. , Enomoto Takayuki 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTo better understand the underlying pathways of cervical carcinogenesis, cDNA microarray analysis was performed on 2 sets of squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) and their adjacent normal squamous epitheliums. Consistently altered expression was detected for 32 genes. Real‐time RT‐PCR analysis was conducted on a selected subset of these genes (S100A2, GPC4, p72, IGFBP‐5, TRIM2 and NAB2) for 14 additional SCCs and 10 normal epithelia. This found that, of the 6 candidate genes, only the insulin‐like growth factor binding protein‐5 (IGFBP‐5) mRNA was generally and significantly under‐expressed in SCCs (p < 0.001). All normal cervical epithelia (30 of 30) stained positively for IGFBP‐5 protein, with 70% showing strong staining, whereas 65% (17/26) of SCC had complete loss of IGFBP‐5, and only 8% (2/26) SCC retained strong expression (p < 0.001). Immunohistochemistry of premalignant cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) lesions shows a significantly weaker or negative staining in advanced CIN3 lesions compared with normal squamous epithelia (p = 0.001). This is the first study to show that down‐regulation of IGFBP‐5 protein correlates with cervical carcinogenesis and does so at a preneoplastic stage. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A retrospective study of the effect of participation in screening mammography on the use of chemotherapy and breast conserving surgery
Authors: Coldman Andrew J. , Phillips Norm , Speers Caroline 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA population sample was obtained from the British Columbia (BC) Cancer Registry of all women diagnosed with a first breast cancer in 2002 who were resident in Greater Vancouver or Greater Victoria, BC. Information on treatment and prognostic factors were obtained from source records. The study group was linked to the records of the Screening Mammography Program of BC to identify screening histories on women prior to diagnosis. Logistic regression was used to determine the relationship between screening participation and treatment and to predict treatment use from prognostic factors. Fifteen hundred and eighty‐nine women with breast cancer were included in the study and 1,071 (67%) had participated in screening prior to diagnosis: 786 (49%) had been screened within the 30 months prior to their diagnosis (regular participants). Breast conserving surgery (BCS) rates were higher (OR = 2.3, p < 0.001) and chemotherapy use lower (OR = 0.53, p < 0.001) among regular participants compared with nonparticipants after adjustment for age. A predictive model based on the distribution of prognostic factors between participants provided estimates of OR = 1.47 and OR = 0.54 for BCS and chemotherapy, respectively, and adjustment for self‐selection changed the predicted values to OR = 1.16 and OR = 0.67, respectively. Participation in screening produced a considerable change in the use of chemotherapy but less on BCS use. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dietary isothiocyanates, GSTM1, GSTT1, NAT2 polymorphisms and bladder cancer risk
Authors: Zhao Hua , Lin Jie , Grossman H. Barton , Hernandez Ladia M. , Dinney Colin P. , Wu Xifeng 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIsothiocyanates (ITCs) are nonnutrient compounds in cruciferous vegetables with anticarcinogenic properties. ITCs down‐regulate cytochrome P‐450 biotransformation enzyme levels, activate Phase II detoxifying enzymes and induce apoptosis. On the other hand, ITCs also serve as a substrate for GSTs. Experimental evidences suggest that ITCs have anticarcinogenic effect on bladder cancer. Therefore, we evaluated dietary intake of ITCs, GSTM1, GSTT1 and NAT2 polymorphisms, and bladder cancer risk in a case–control study. There were 697 newly diagnosed bladder cancer cases identified from The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center and 708 healthy controls matched to cases by age (±5), gender and ethnicity. Participants underwent an in‐person interview, in which epidemiologic and food frequency questionnaires were administered to collect demographic and dietary intake data. Median ITC intake per day was statistically significantly lower in cases than in controls (0.23 vs. 0.33, p < 0.001). High ITC intake was associated with 29% decreased risk of bladder cancer [Odds ratio (OR) = 0.71, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.57, 0.89]. The protective effect was more evident in older individuals (≥64‐years‐old), men, ever smokers and heavy smokers in stratified analysis. Compared with NAT2 rapid acetylator, NAT2 slow acetylator had an increased risk of bladder cancer in Caucasians (OR = 1.31, 95% CI = 1.02, 1.69). There was no main effect associated with the GSTM1 or GSTT1 genotypes. The protective effect of ITCs against bladder cancer was not modified by GSTM1, GSTT1 or NAT2 genotypes. This is the first epidemiological report that ITCs from cruciferous vegetable consumption protect against bladder cancer. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
EP1–4 subtype, COX and PPARγ receptor expression in colorectal cancer in prediction of disease‐specific mortality
Authors: Gustafsson Annika , Hansson Elisabeth , Kressner Ulf , Nordgren Svante , Andersson Marianne , Wang Wenhua , Lönnroth Christina , Lundholm Kent 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe importance of prostaglandins in tumor growth and progression is well recognized, including antineoplastic activities by cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors. Variation in treatment response to COX inhibition has questioned differences in expression of cell surface and nuclear membrane receptors among tumors with different disease progression. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether EP1–4 subtype, PPARγ receptor and COX‐1/COX‐2 expression in colorectal cancer are related to tumor‐specific mortality. Reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry were used to demonstrate expression and protein appearance in tumor tissue compared with normal colon tissue. EP1 and EP2 subtype receptor protein was highly present in tumor cells, EP3 occurred occasionally and EP4 was not visible. PPARγ, EP2 and EP4 mRNA were significantly higher in normal colon tissue compared with tumor tissue, without any distinct relationship to Dukes A–D tumor stage. Multivariate analyses indicated that increased tumor tissue EP2 and COX‐2 expression predicted poor survival (p < 0.001). COX‐1 expression was significantly higher than COX‐2 expression in normal colon tissue. Average COX‐2 mRNA was not increased in tumor tissue compared with normal colon. However, most tumor cells stained positive for COX‐2 protein, which was low or undetectable in normal mucosa cells. COX‐1 protein was preferentially visible in stroma. EP1–4 subtype receptor mRNAs were generally positively correlated to both COX‐1 and COX‐2 in tumor tissue, but not in normal colon. Our results imply that both prostaglandin production (COX‐2) and signaling via EP1–4 subtype receptors, particularly EP2, predict disease‐specific mortality in colorectal cancer © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Frequent overexpression of the genes FXR1, CLAPM1 and EIF4G located on amplicon 3q26‐27 in squamous cell carcinoma of the lung
Authors: Comtesse Nicole , Keller Andreas , Diesinger Isabel , Bauer Christine , Kayser Klaus , Huwer Hanno , Lenhof Hans‐Peter , Meese Eckart 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPreviously, we reported gene amplification at chromosome 3q26‐27 in more than one third of squamous cell carcinomas of the lung. Frequent amplification of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4G on 3q27.1 indicated a possible role of this amplification in translation initiation. The analysis of 61 squamous cell lung carcinomas shows that the percentage of carcinomas with a 3q27.1 amplification increases in higher malignant tumors. Non‐invasive (T1) and minimal‐invasive (T2) tumor stages showed similar percentages of amplified and non‐amplified tumors, whereas locally‐invasive (T3) tumors revealed a statistically significant (p < 0.05) increased percentage of amplified tumors. Microarrays were used to analyze the expression pattern of genes mapping in the amplified domain and its flanking regions (3q25‐28) as well as the expression of genes directly or indirectly associated with translation initiation in squamous cell carcinoma, large cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma and small cell carcinoma. Three genes, namely FXR1, CLAPM1 and EIF4G, are most frequently overexpressed in the center of the amplified domain in squamous cell carcinomas. The eukaryotic translation initiation factors 4A1, 2B and 4B as well as the poly(A)‐binding protein PABPC1 where found to be overexpressed in all lung cancer entities. We found, however, no overexpression of eIF4E. Our results contribute to the understanding of the frequent amplification processes in squamous cell carcinomas of the lung and to the understanding of the translation initiation that appears not to require eIF4E in lung carcinogenesis. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Interplay between mutagen sensitivity and epidemiological factors in modulatinglung cancer risk
Authors: Wu Xifeng , Lin Jie , Etzel Carol J. , Dong Qiong , Gorlova Olga Y. , Zhang Qing , Amos Christopher I. , Spitz Margaret R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFew studies have assessed mutagen sensitivity and lung cancer (LC) risk associations in the context of multiple epidemiological risk factors. We evaluated mutagen sensitivity as a susceptibility marker and explored the interplay of the genetic marker and multiple epidemiologic risk factors in modulating LC risk. This largest case–control study included 977 newly diagnosed LC patients and 977 controls, matched by age, gender, ethnicity and smoking status. Cases exhibited significantly higher mutagen sensitivity than controls in bleomycin (0.76 vs. 0.62 breaks/cell, p < 0.001) and benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide (BDPE) assays (0.70 vs. 0.61 breaks/cell, p < 0.001). Mutagen sensitivity also exhibited dose‐response relationship with LC risk in quartile analysis (p for trend <0.001). In smokers, history of emphysema, absence of hay fever history, LC in first‐degree relatives, belomycin sensitivity, and high pack‐year were identified to be the top 5 significant risk factors in a stepwise logistic regression model (odds ratios (ORs) of 2.69, 1.91, 1.84, 1.73 and 1.67, respectively). Analyses of joint effects of risk factors showed that compared to the reference group, subjects with no exposure to any of the aforementioned risk factors, the ORs for exposure to 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or more of the risk factors were 1.56, 2.39, 3.75, 6.74 and 17.39, respectively (p for trend <0.001). This study strongly supports mutagen sensitivity as a predisposition factor for LC and demonstrates the importance of assessing multiple risk factors to comprehensively assess LC risk. This new integrative approach should facilitate identification of high‐risk subgroups and has important implications in LC prevention. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Atopy, exposure to pesticides and risk of non‐Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Vajdic Claire M. , Fritschi Lin , Grulich Andrew E. , Kaldor John M. , Benke Geza , Kricker Anne , Hughes Ann Maree , Turner Jennifer J. , Milliken Sam , Goumas Chris , Armstrong Bruce K. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPesticide exposure has been associated with non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) risk in a number of studies, and two recent studies suggest that the increased risk may be confined to those with a history of asthma. We examined the interaction between occupational pesticide exposure and atopy on risk of NHL in an Australian population‐based case–control study. Incident cases (n = 694) were diagnosed in New South Wales or the Australian Capital Territory between 2000 and 2001 and controls (n = 694) were randomly selected from electoral rolls and frequency‐matched to cases by age, sex and State of residence. Occupational pesticide exposure was determined by an expert occupational hygienist's assessment of job‐specific questionnaires administered by telephone. History of atopy (asthma, hay fever, eczema and food allergy) was self‐reported. Logistic regression models included the three matching variables, ethnicity and sun exposure. The OR for NHL with substantial pesticide exposure and any history of asthma was 3.07 (95% CI 0.55–17.10) and with substantial pesticide exposure and no asthma history it was 4.23 (95% CI 1.76–10.16). The p‐value for interaction was 0.29. A similar pattern of risk was observed for each of the pesticide subtypes; for asthma at various times of life; for hay fever, eczema, food allergy and any atopy, in men only and for follicular lymphomas only. Although this study had limited power, the findings do not suggest modification of the association between pesticide exposure and NHL risk by asthma or atopic disease more generally. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
First determination of the incidence of the unique TOR1A gene mutation, c.907delGAG, in a Mediterranean population
Authors: Frédéric Mélissa , Lucarz Estelle , Monino Christine , Saquet Céline , Thorel Delphine , Claustres Mireille , Sylvie Tuffery‐Giraud , Gwenaelle Collod‐Béroud 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe c.907delGAG mutation in the TOR1A gene (also named DYT1) is the most common cause of early‐onset primary dystonia. The mutation frequency and prevalence have so far been only estimated from rare clinical epidemiological reports in some populations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence at birth of the c.907delGAG mutation in a French‐representative mixed population of newborn from South‐Eastern France. We applied an automated high‐throughput genotyping method to dried blood spot samples from 12,000 newborns registered in Hérault between 2004 and 2005. Only one allele was found to carry the mutation, which allows to determine its incidence at birth as 1/12,000 per year in this area. © 2007 Movement Disorder Society
Belly dancer's syndrome following central pontine and extrapontine myelinolysis
Authors: Roggendorf Julia , Burghaus Lothar , Liu Wei‐Chi , Weisenbach Simon , Eggers Carsten , Fink Gereon R. , Hilker Ruediger 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe report on a woman with delayed‐onset of belly dancer's syndrome 5 months after central pontine and extrapontine myelinolysis (CPM/EPM) and severe hyponatriemia. This case demonstrates that basal ganglia lesions in EPM can be the underlying pathoanatomic substrate for the rarely observed belly dancer's syndrome. The sequential appearance of extrapyramidal symptoms might reflect an ongoing but ineffective or deficient remyelination process. The presence of CPM/EPM should be considered in patients with involuntary dyskinesias of the abdominal wall. © 2007 Movement Disorder Society
Exact boundary controllability for non‐autonomous quasilinear wave equations
Authors: Wang Zhiqiang 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn this paper, we first show that quite different from the autonomous case, the exact boundary controllability for non‐autonomous wave equations possesses various possibilities. Then we adopt a constructive method to establish the exact boundary controllability for one‐dimensional non‐autonomous quasilinear wave equations with various types of boundary conditions. Finally, we apply the results to multi‐dimensional quasilinear wave equation with rotation invariance. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.