bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DNA Repair Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Colorectal Cancer and their Role as Modifiers of the Effect of Cigarette Smoking and Alcohol in the Singapore Chinese Health Study
Authors: Stern Mariana C. , Conti David V. , Siegmund Kimberly D. , Corral Román , Yuan Jian-Min , Koh Woon-Puay , Yu Mimi C. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractRecently, we reported that among Singapore Chinese, cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking were independent risk factors for colorectal cancer. Both tobacco smoking and alcohol use are plausible colorectal cancer risk factors, partly due to their ability to induce mutations in the colorectal lumen. In the present study, we investigated the role in colorectal cancer of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in five DNA repair genes: XRCC1 (Arg194Trp and Arg399Gln), PARP (Val762Ala, Lys940Arg), XPD (Asp312Asn, Lys751Gln), OGG1 (Ser326Cys), and MGMT (Leu84Phe). We conducted this study within the Singapore Chinese Health Study, a population-based cohort of 63,257 middle-aged and older Singapore Chinese men and women enrolled between 1993 and 1998. Our study included 1,176 controls and 310 cases (180 colon and 130 rectum cancer). We observed a positive association between the PARP codon 940 Lys/Arg and Arg/Arg genotypes and colorectal cancer risk [odds ratio (OR), 1.8; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.1-3.1], and an inverse association between the MGMT codon 84 Leu/Phe or Phe/Phe genotypes and colon cancer risk (OR, 0.6; 95% CI, 0.3-0.9), but not rectal cancer (test of heterogeneity by tumor site, P = 0.027). We observed evidence that XRCC1 may modify the effects of smoking (interaction P = 0.012). The effect of smoking among carriers of the Arg194-Gln399 haplotype was OR = 0.7 (95% CI, 0.4-1.1), whereas, among carriers of the Trp194-Arg399 haplotype, it was OR = 1.6 (95% CI, 1.1-2.5). We also observed a nonstatistically significant modification of XRCC1 on the effects of alcohol (P = 0.245). Whereas alcohol had no effect among carriers of the codon 194 Arg/Arg (OR, 1.0; 95% CI, 0.6-1.7) or Arg/Trp genotypes (OR, 1.1; 95% CI, 0.6-1.9), there was a positive association among carriers of the Trp/Trp genotype (OR, 2.8; 95% CI, 1.0-8.1). Our results support a role for reactive oxygen species as relevant genotoxins that may account for the effects of both smoking and alcohol on colorectal cancer risk. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2007;16(11):2363–72)
Phenol Sulfotransferase SULT1A1*2 Allele and Enhanced Risk of Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Rouprêt Morgan , Cancel-Tassin Géraldine , Comperat Eva , Fromont Gaëlle , Sibony Mathilde , Molinié Vincent , Allory Yves , Triau Stéphane , Champigneulle Jacqueline , Gaffory Cécile , Larré Stéphane , de la Taille Alexandre , Richard François , Hamdy Freddie C. , Cussenot Olivier 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
Cytosolic sulfotransferases (SULT) are involved in detoxification pathways. A functional polymorphism in the SULT1A1 gene, leading to an Arg213His substitution (SULT1A1*2), is thought to confer susceptibility to various types of cancer. Upper urinary tract urothelial cell carcinomas (UUT-UCC) are rare (5% of all urothelial carcinomas). We genotyped 268 patients with UUT-UCC and 268 healthy controls matched for age, gender, tobacco consumption, and ethnicity. His213 (SULT1A1*2) allele frequency was significantly higher in patients than in controls (37.1% versus 28.9%; P = 0.004). The His/His genotype corresponding to low-activity SULT1A1 enzyme conferred a significantly higher risk of UUT-UCC (odds ratio, 2.18; 95% confidence interval, 1.28-3.69; P = 0.004).(Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2007;16(11):1–4) (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2007;16(11):2500–3)
Associations between Beer, Wine, and Liquor Consumption and Lung Cancer Risk: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Chao Chun 
Published: November 2007

AbstractObjective: Epidemiologic studies suggest that the effect on lung cancer risk may be different for beer, wine, and liquor. We conducted dose-specific meta-analyses and dose-response meta-regression to summarize findings from the current literature on the association between consumption of beer, wine, or liquor and lung cancer risk.Results: Average beer consumption of one drink or greater per day was associated with an increased risk of lung cancer [relative risk (RR), 1.23; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.06-1.41]. This association was observed in both men and women, although it was only significant in men. A J-shaped dose-response curve was suggested for beer intake. An inverse association was observed for both average wine consumption of less than one drink per day (RR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.59-1.00) and one drink or greater per day (RR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.60-1.02) in the drinking range incurred in the source studies. Average liquor consumption of one drink or greater per day was found to be associated with increased risk in men (RR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.10-1.62). No association was observed for liquor drinking in women. The presence of heterogeneity between studies was detected. Study design, country, gender, adjustment factors, and lung cancer histologic type were not significant predictors of the heterogeneity.Conclusions: The results from this meta-analysis suggest that high consumption of beer and liquors may be associated with increased lung cancer risk, whereas modest wine consumption may be inversely associated with risk. More research with improved control of confounding is needed to confirm these findings and to establish the dose-response relationship, particularly risk at high consumption levels. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2007;16(11):2436–47)
Family History of Cancer and Risk of Lung Cancer among Nonsmoking Chinese Women
Authors: Zhang Yawei , Shu Xiao-Ou , Gao Yu-Tang , Ji Bu-Tian , Yang Gong , Li Hong Lan , Kilfoy Briseis , Rothman Nathaniel , Zheng Wei , Chow Wong-Ho 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
The relationship between family cancer history in first-degree relatives and risk of lung cancer was evaluated among a population-based cohort of 71,392 female nonsmokers in Shanghai, China. A total of 179 newly diagnosed lung cancer patients were identified during 441,410 person-years of follow-up. Lung cancer risk was not elevated among those with a family history of lung cancer. However, risk of lung cancer was increased among subjects who had two or more first-degree relatives with any type of cancers {rate ratio [RR], 1.95 [95% confidence intervals (95% CI), 1.08-3.54] for two relatives with any cancers and RR, 3.17 [95% CI, 1.00-10.03] for three or more relatives with any cancer}. Having a family history of colorectal cancer (RR, 2.38; 95% CI, 1.21-4.70) and having siblings with stomach cancer (RR, 2.16; 95% CI, 1.01-4.65) and pancreatic cancer (RR, 4.19; 95% CI, 1.04-16.95) were also found to be associated with lung cancer risk. This cohort study indicated a moderate association of lung cancer risk with a family cancer history in general, but not with a family history of lung cancer specifically. The associations were stronger when a sibling, rather than a parent, was affected. The apparent link between lung cancer risk and a family history of colorectal, stomach, and pancreas cancers may be worth further investigation. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2007;16(11):2432–5)
History of Allergy and Reduced Incidence of Colorectal Cancer, Iowa Women's Health Study
Authors: Prizment Anna E. , Folsom Aaron R. , Cerhan James R. , Flood Andrew , Ross Julie A. , Anderson Kristin E. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPrevious epidemiologic studies have reported that a history of allergy is associated with reduced risk of colorectal cancer and other malignancies. We studied the association between allergy history and incident colorectal cancer (n = 410) prospectively in 21,292 Iowa women followed for 8 years. Allergy was defined from four self-reported questions about physician-diagnosed asthma (a), hay fever (b), eczema or allergy of the skin (c), and other allergic conditions (d). A history of any allergy was inversely associated with incident colorectal cancer: after multivariate adjustment, the hazard ratio (HR) was 0.74 [95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.59-0.94]. Compared with women with no allergy, women reporting only one of the four types of allergy and women reporting two or more types had HRs of 0.75 (95% CI, 0.56-1.01) and 0.58 (95% CI, 0.37-0.90), respectively (P trend = 0.02). The inverse association persisted in analyses restricted to any type of nonasthmatic allergy (HR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.56-0.95). HRs were similar for rectal and colon cancers as well as for colon subsites: proximal and distal (HRs for any allergy ranged from 0.63 to 0.78 across these end points). Allergy history, which may reflect enhanced immunosurveillance, is associated with a reduced risk of colorectal cancer. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2007;16(11):2357–62)
Sequence Variation in Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 Serine Protease Gene, Low LDL Cholesterol, and Cancer Incidence
Authors: Folsom Aaron R. , Peacock James M. , Boerwinkle Eric 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
Some prospective epidemiologic studies have suggested that a low plasma cholesterol level may be associated with increased risk of cancer. Certain sequence variants in the proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 serine protease gene (PCSK9) are associated with lifelong low total and LDL cholesterol. We therefore analyzed the association of PCSK9 variation with incidence of cancer between 1987 and 2000 in a prospective study (n = 13,250). The frequency of the PCSK9 variants studied was 2.4% in blacks and 3.2% in whites. Neither was associated with increased cancer incidence: age- and sex-adjusted hazard ratios were 0.66 [95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.31-1.39] in blacks and 0.77 (95% CI, 0.54-1.09) in whites. Low baseline total or LDL cholesterol levels in 1987 to 1989 were also not statistically significantly associated with incident cancer: multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios for the lowest compared with the highest quartiles of LDL cholesterol were 1.05 (95% CI, 0.78-1.40) in blacks and 1.16 (95% CI, 0.99-1.36) in whites. These data suggest that a lifelong low cholesterol concentration, as reflected by these PCSK9 variants, does not increase risk of cancer. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2007;16(11):2455–8)
Urinary 6-Sulfatoxymelatonin and Mammographic Density in Japanese Women
Authors: Nagata Chisato , Matsubara Tomoko , Hara Takeshi , Fujita Hiroshi , Nagao Yasuko , Yamamoto Satoru , Shibuya Chiken , Kashiki Yoshitomo , Shimizu Hiroyuki 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
A protective role of melatonin in the etiology of breast cancer has been suggested. The down-regulation of estrogen secretion by melatonin is thought to be a main cause of the link between melatonin and breast cancer risk. The present cross-sectional study examined whether the urinary 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (aMT6-s) level is inversely associated with mammographic density, which is regarded as a marker of breast cancer risk. The study subjects were 289 Japanese women (175 premenopausal and 123 postmenopausal women) who were recruited from participants in a mammographic breast cancer screening. The size of the total breast area and that of the dense area were measured quantitatively using an automated mammographic mass detection method. The concentration of aMT6-s was measured using first-void morning urine. In premenopausal women, the urinary aMT6-s level was significantly positively associated with percent density after controlling for covariates (P for trend = 0.02). There was no significant association between urinary aMT6-s level and the percent density in postmenopausal women. We found no evidence that the melatonin level is inversely associated with mammographic density. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2007;16(11):2509–12)
Recreational Physical Activity and Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: A Case-Control Study, Systematic Review, and Meta-analysis
Authors: Olsen Catherine M. , Bain Christopher J. , Jordan Susan J. , Nagle Christina M. , Green Adèle C. , Whiteman David C. , Webb Penelope M. ,   Australian Cancer Study (Ovarian Cancer) and Australian Ovarian Cancer Study Group
Published: November 2007

AbstractIt remains unclear whether physical activity is associated with epithelial ovarian cancer risk. We therefore examined the association between recreational physical activity and risk of ovarian cancer in a national population-based case-control study in Australia. We also systematically reviewed all the available evidence linking physical activity with ovarian cancer to provide the best summary estimate of the association. The case-control study included women ages 18 to 79 years with a new diagnosis of invasive (n = 1,269) or borderline (n = 311) epithelial ovarian cancer identified through a network of clinics, physicians, and state cancer registries throughout Australia. Controls (n = 1,509) were randomly selected from the national electoral roll and were frequency matched to cases by age and state. For the systematic review, we identified eligible studies using Medline, the ISI Science Citation Index, and manual review of retrieved references, and included all case-control or cohort studies that permitted assessment of an association between physical activity (recreational/occupational/sedentary behavior) and histologically confirmed ovarian cancer. Meta-analysis was restricted to the subset of these studies that reported on recreational physical activity. In our case-control study, we observed weakly inverse or null associations between recreational physical activity and risk of epithelial ovarian cancer overall. There was no evidence that the effects varied by tumor behavior or histologic subtype. Twelve studies were included in the meta-analysis, which gave summary estimates of 0.79 (95% confidence interval, 0.70-0.85) for case-control studies and 0.81 (95% confidence interval, 0.57-1.17) for cohort studies for the risk of ovarian cancer associated with highest versus lowest levels of recreational physical activity. Thus, pooled results from observational studies suggest that a modest inverse association exists between level of recreational physical activity and the risk of ovarian cancer. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2007;16(11):2321–30)
Aggregation of Cancer in First-Degree Relatives of Patients with Glioma
Authors: Scheurer Michael E. , Etzel Carol J. , Liu Mei , El-Zein Randa , Airewele Gladstone E. , Malmer Beatrice , Aldape Kenneth D. , Weinberg Jeffrey S. , Yung W.K. Alfred , Bondy Melissa L. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
Background: Previous studies have been inconclusive in estimating the risk of different cancer sites among close relatives of glioma patients; however, malignant melanoma has consistently been described.
Methods: We obtained family history information from 1,476 glioma patients under age 75 years who registered at M. D. Anderson Cancer Center between June 1992 and June 2006. The number of observed cancers (N = 1,001) among 8,746 first-degree relatives (FDR) was compared with the number expected from age-, sex-, and calendar year–specific rates from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program using standardized incidence ratios (SIR).
Results: The overall SIR for any cancer was 1.21 (95% confidence interval, 1.14-1.29). Among FDRs under 45 years the overall SIR was 5.08, and for relatives &gt;45 years the overall SIR was 0.95. The SIRs were significantly elevated for brain tumors (2.14), melanoma (2.02), and sarcoma (3.83). We observed an excess of pancreatic cancer, which was significantly higher only among mothers.
Conclusion: We observed an overall 21% increase in cancer among the FDRs of glioma patients including excess cases of brain tumors and melanoma, which could point to similar genetic contributions to these two malignancies. A large international linkage study is under way to examine potential genomic regions important for familial glioma. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2007;16(11):2491–5)
Gender of Offspring and Maternal Risk of Invasive Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Baik Inkyung , Lambe Mats , Liu Qin , Cnattingius Sven , Mucci Lorelei A. , Riman Tomas , Ekbom Anders , Adami Hans-Olov , Hsieh Chung-Cheng 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
Gender of a fetus is associated with maternal hormonal milieu and may therefore modify maternal risk of ovarian cancer following a birth. We evaluated the relation between gender of offspring and maternal risk of epithelial ovarian cancer in a large case-control study nested within a nationwide cohort. Cohort members were identified in the Swedish Fertility Register. Cases of invasive epithelial ovarian cancer were identified in the Swedish National Cancer Register from 1961 to 2001. Five controls were matched by age to each case. A total of 7,407 cases and 37,658 controls with only singleton births were included in the analysis. We fit logistic regression models to study the association between gender of offspring and ovarian cancer risk, controlling for covariates. Maternal risk of ovarian cancer was reduced with increasing numbers of male offspring and increased with number of female offspring. Compared with women who gave birth to only girls, multivariate odds ratios (95% confidence interval) of invasive epithelial ovarian cancer were 0.92 (0.87-0.98) for those who gave birth to one boy, 0.87 (0.80-0.94) for two boys, and 0.82 (0.73-0.94) for three or more boys (P value test for trend &lt; 0.001). There was a positive but nonsignificant association with number of girls. Similar results were observed when restricting the analysis to women born before 1935. Our findings suggest that hormonal and physiologic conditions in pregnancy with male, but not with female, offspring are associated with a lowered maternal risk of invasive epithelial ovarian cancer. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2007;16(11):2314–20)
Gastric Cancer Risk and Erythrocyte Composition of Docosahexaenoic Acid with Anti-inflammatory Effects
Authors: Kuriki Kiyonori , Wakai Kenji , Matsuo Keitaro , Hiraki Akio , Suzuki Takeshi , Yamamura Yoshitaka , Yamao Kenji , Nakamura Tsuneya , Tatematsu Masae , Tajima Kazuo 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
Infection with Helicobacter pylori is linked to inflammation and is the main cause of peptic ulcer, gastritis, and gastric malignancies. To examine associations between gastric cancer risk and the erythrocyte composition of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a fatty acid with anti-inflammatory and apoptosis-inducing effects, here we conducted a case-control study of 179 incident gastric cancer cases and 357 noncancer controls (matched by age, sex, and season of sample collection). Dietary information and blood samples were collected from all subjects, and erythrocyte fatty acid levels were measured using accelerated solvent extraction and gas-liquid chromatography. Gastric cancer risk did not seem to be directly associated with dietary intake of fish and n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFAs), such as DHA, derived from fish. However, risk was inversely associated with erythrocyte compositions of n-3 HUFAs [the highest to the lowest tertile, odds ratio (OR), 0.39; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.23-0.68; Ptrend &lt; 0.005] and DHA (OR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.28-0.79; Ptrend &lt; 0.01). Particularly strong associations were noted for well-differentiated type lesions and n-3 HUFAs (OR, 0.10; 95% CI, 0.03-0.35; Ptrend = 0.0005) as well as DHA (OR, 0.20; 95% CI, 0.07-0.58; Ptrend &lt; 0.01) values. In conclusion, the erythrocyte composition of DHA was found to be negatively linked to risk of gastric cancer, especially of well-differentiated adenocarcinoma. Further studies are needed to investigate mechanisms of action of DHA relevant to antitumor effects in the stomach. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2007;16(11):2406–15)
Intercomparison of Integrated Water Vapor Estimates from Multisensors in the Amazonian Region
Authors: Sapucci Luiz F. , Machado Luiz A. T. , Monico João F. G. , Plana-Fattori Artemio 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWater vapor is an atmospheric component of major interest in atmospheric science because it affects the energy budget and plays a key role in several atmospheric processes. The Amazonian region is one of the most humid on the planet, and land use change is able to affect the hydrologic cycle in several areas and consequently to generate severe modifications in the global climate. Within this context, accessing the error associated with atmospheric humidity measurement and the validation of the integrated water vapor (IWV) quantification from different techniques is very important in this region. Using data collected during the Radiation, Cloud, and Climate Interactions in Amazonia during the Dry-to-Wet Transition Season (RACCI/DRY-TO-WET), an experiment carried out in southwestern Amazonia in 2002, this paper presents quality analysis of IWV measurements from RS80 radiosondes, a suite of GPS receivers, an Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) solar radiometer, and humidity sounding from the Humidity Sounder for Brazil (HSB) aboard the Aqua satellite. When compared to RS80 IWV values, the root-mean-square (RMS) from the AERONET and GPS results are of the order of 2.7 and 3.8 kg m−2, respectively. The difference generated between IWV from the GPS receiver and RS80 during the daytime was larger than that of the nighttime period because of the combination of the influence of high ionospheric activity during the RACCI experiment and a daytime drier bias from the RS80.
Velocity Comparisons from Upward and Downward Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers on the West Florida Shelf
Authors: Mayer Dennis A. , Virmani Jyotika I. , Weisberg Robert H. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractCurrent observations are compared from upward- and downward-looking acoustic Doppler current profilers (ADCPs) deployed on the West Florida Shelf (WFS). Despite regional differences, statistical analyses show good agreement between all sets of observations throughout the water column except in the upper few meters where all downward-looking ADCPs exhibit small, but significant, reduction in rms speed values. Evidence suggests that this reduction is mooring related. It is possible that the presence of near-surface bubbles caused by wave activity could bias the near-surface observations. Otherwise, either the upward- or downward-looking mooring systems produce equivalent observations with differences due to spatial variations.