bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neutrophil-Associated Proteins as Novel Biomarkers Elevated in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Patients With Neurosyphilis
Authors: Wang Cuini , Zhang Yan , Wang Xiang , Zhou Jiajun , Wang Xiaoyan , Song Gang , Sun Yu , Gu Kailong , Xu Aifang , Huang Jian 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
The immunopathological mechanisms underlying neurosyphilis remain incompletely elucidated, and the diagnosis of neurosyphilis presents challenges.

Methods
We used an antibody microarray to detect 640 proteins in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples collected from 6 patients with non-neurosyphilis and 10 with neurosyphilis. The levels of CSF CXCL1, CXCL8, G-CSF, LCN2, MMP8, and MMP9 in 46 patients with non-neurosyphilis, 51 with untreated neurosyphilis, and 31 posttreatment for neurosyphilis were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The associations between the levels of these proteins and clinical parameters in neurosyphilis were evaluated using Spearman analysis, and the diagnostic performance of these proteins in neurosyphilis was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curve.

Results
A total of 102 differentially expressed proteins between neurosyphilis and non-neurosyphilis were identified. The levels of significantly elevated neutrophil-associated proteins (CXCL1, CXCL8, G-CSF, LCN2, MMP8, and MMP9) in neurosyphilis positively correlated with white blood cell counts, rapid plasma regain (RPR) titer, and protein concentration in CSF. The combination of CSF CXCL8, MMP9, and LCN2 yielded an area under the curve of 0.92 for diagnosing neurosyphilis, surpassing that of CSF RPR.

Conclusions
CXCL1, CXCL8, G-CSF, LCN2, MMP8, and MMP9 could be associated with central nervous system damage of neurosyphilis. The combination of CSF CXCL8, MMP9, and LCN2 is a promising biomarker for diagnosing neurosyphilis.
Pollutant profile complexity governs wastewater removal of recalcitrant pharmaceuticals
Authors: Suleiman Marcel , Le Lay Natalie , Demaria Francesca , Kolvenbach Boris A , Cretoiu Mariana S , Petchey Owen L , Jousset Alexandre , Corvini Philippe F-X 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Organic pollutants are an increasing threat for wildlife and humans. Managing their removal is however complicated by the difficulties in predicting degradation rates. In this work, we demonstrate that the complexity of the pollutant profile, the set of co-existing contaminants, is a major driver of biodegradation in wastewater. We built representative assemblages out of one to five common pharmaceuticals (caffeine, atenolol, paracetamol, ibuprofen, and enalapril) selected along a gradient of biodegradability. We followed their individual removal by wastewater microbial communities. The presence of multichemical background pollution was essential for the removal of recalcitrant molecules such as ibuprofen. High-order interactions between multiple pollutants drove removal efficiency. We explain these interactions by shifts in the microbiome, with degradable molecules such as paracetamol enriching species and pathways involved in the removal of several organic pollutants. We conclude that pollutants should be treated as part of a complex system, with emerging pollutants potentially showing cascading effects and offering leverage to promote bioremediation.
Designing for caregiving networks: a case study of primary caregivers of children with medical complexity
Authors: Scheer Eleanore Rae , Werner Nicole E , Coller Ryan J , Nacht Carrie L , Petty Lauren , Tang Mengwei , Ehlenbach Mary , Kelly Michelle M , Finesilver Sara , Warner Gemma , Katz Barbara , Keim-Malpass Jessica , Lunsford Christopher D , Letzkus Lisa , Desai Shaalini Sanjiv , Valdez Rupa S 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe study aimed to characterize the experiences of primary caregivers of children with medical complexity (CMC) in engaging with other members of the child’s caregiving network, thereby informing the design of health information technology (IT) for the caregiving network. Caregiving networks include friends, family, community members, and other trusted individuals who provide resources, information, health, or childcare.Materials and MethodsWe performed a secondary analysis of two qualitative studies. Primary studies conducted semi-structured interviews (n = 50) with family caregivers of CMC. Interviews were held in the Midwest (n = 30) and the mid-Atlantic region (n = 20). Interviews were transcribed verbatim for thematic analysis. Emergent themes were mapped to implications for the design of future health IT.ResultsThematic analysis identified 8 themes characterizing a wide range of primary caregivers' experiences in constructing, managing, and ensuring high-quality care delivery across the caregiving network.DiscussionFindings evidence a critical need to create flexible and customizable tools designed to support hiring/training processes, coordinating daily care across the caregiving network, communicating changing needs and care updates across the caregiving network, and creating contingency plans for instances where caregivers are unavailable to provide care to the CMC. Informaticists should additionally design accessible platforms that allow primary caregivers to connect with and learn from other caregivers while minimizing exposure to sensitive or emotional content as indicated by the user.ConclusionThis article contributes to the design of health IT for CMC caregiving networks by uncovering previously underrecognized needs and experiences of CMC primary caregivers and drawing direct connections to design implications.
Theory-driven neural network for total organic carbon content estimation from well logs
Authors: Wang Xiaoyu , Liao Guangzhi , Xiao Lei , Xiao Lizhi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Total organic carbon content (TOC) is a crucial geochemical indicator for assessing the hydrocarbon generation potential of source rock formations. Traditional TOC evaluation methods employing well logs do not match well with measured data in complex formations. While intelligent algorithms have the potential to improve TOC estimation accuracy, they have poor petrophysical significance. In this study, we develop the theory-driven neural networks (TdNN) to extend TOC prediction accuracy via combining logging mechanism models into the input of a neural network. TdNN have two ways of merging petrophysical models with an intelligent model, specifically TdNN based on series connection (STdNN) and on embedding (ETdNN). STdNN processes log responses through logging mechanism models and subsequently inputs them to the neural network for TOC evaluation. ETdNN inputs log responses and calculation results from logging mechanism models to the neural network to estimate TOC. These two ways achieve more accurate prediction results than an ordinary neural network by improving the quality of input data, analogous to applying data augmentation methods on intelligent models. This study uses the Schmoker method, δlogR method, and multivariate regression as logging mechanism models of TdNN. The prediction performance of the proposed models is tested using data from two shale reservoirs in the Longmaxi Formation and the Shahejie Formation. Results show that the proposed ETdNN achieves the highest prediction accuracy, meaning that the ETdNN is suitable for predicting TOC of shale formations.
Colladonus spp. (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) vectors of X-disease: biology and management in Western United States
Authors: Clarke Abigail E , Catron Katlyn A , Reyes Corral Cesar , Marshall Adrian T , Adams Chris G , Cooper W Rodney , Harper Scott J , Nottingham Louis B , Northfield Tobin D 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The US cherry and stone fruit industries have periodically experienced devastating outbreaks of X-disease phytoplasma (XDP) since the 1930s, with an ongoing epidemic occurring since 2010. This disease is critically impacting Prunus spp. and the stone fruit industry, causing underdeveloped, bitter, and misshapen fruit on economically important crops, primarily cherries, peaches, and nectarines, making the fruit unmarketable. Trees cannot recover from this disease and eventually die if they are not removed. It takes at least 1 yr for symptoms to appear, postinfection, which hinders disease management efforts. The phytoplasma, Candidatus Phytoplasma pruni, is a phloem-limited intracellular bacterium that is spread by grafting and leafhopper (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) feeding. Several leafhopper species are known to transmit XDP, of which Colladonus spp. are considered the most important vectors in the Western United States and are native to this region. Colladonus spp. feed and oviposit on a wide variety of broadleaf perennial plants, including mallow, alfalfa, and clover. These plants are also hosts of the phytoplasma. In Western United States, these leafhoppers have 3 periods of adult activity: May–June, late July–August, and October. The highest rates of pathogen transmission likely occur during the last 2 activity periods due to the high abundance of leafhoppers and a postharvest increase of XDP titers in trees. Using known activity periods and host plants of the leafhoppers, growers can monitor and strategically manage the vectors, which, when combined with the removal of infected trees and ground-cover hosts, should help limit the spread of X-disease.
Simple derivation of L-absorption spectra of 3d transition metal elements by the self-absorption effect observed in soft X-ray emission spectra
Authors: Terauchi Masami , Sato Yohei K , Yokoyama Takaomi D , Murano Takanori 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This study proposes a simple evaluation method for deriving L-absorption information from two L-emission spectra of 3d transition metal (TM) elements obtained at two different accelerating voltages. This method realizes a spatial identity for X-ray emission and absorption spectroscopies. This method was evaluated for the Fe L-emission spectra of Fe and its oxides and was applied to the TM L-emission spectra of MnO, Co, CoO and NiO. The derived absorption peak positions were consistent with those obtained previously at synchrotron orbital radiation facilities, which considered the core–hole effect. This simple derivation method could be useful for obtaining X-ray absorption spectroscopy distribution images from X-ray emission spectroscopy mapping data obtained by scanning electron microscopy.
The study of psychosocial outcomes of parents bereaved by pediatric illness: a scoping review of methodology and sample composition
Authors: Fisher Rachel S , Dattilo Taylor M , DeLone Alexandra M , Basile Nathan L , Kenney Ansley E , Hill Kylie N , Chang Hui-Fen , Gerhardt Cynthia A , Mullins Larry L 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objective
Parents of children who died of a medical condition experience a range of psychosocial outcomes. The current scoping review aims to summarize the outcomes assessed, methodology, and sample characteristics of recent psychosocial research conducted with this population.

Methods
Included studies were limited to peer-reviewed, psychosocial outcomes research published between August 2011 and August 2022, written in English, and including caregiver study participants of children who died of a medical condition. Data sources were scholarly journal articles from 9 electronic databases, including Scopus, Web of Science, Academic Search Primer, ProQuest Research Library, PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, Psychology & Behavioral Sciences Collection, and Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool-2018 evaluated methodological quality.

Results
The study sample included 106 studies, most of which were either qualitative (60%) or quantitative (29%). Mixed-methods studies (8%) and randomized clinical trials (2%) were also identified. Study quality was variable, but most studies met all quality criteria (73%). Studies primarily represented cancer populations (58%), White participants (71%), and mothers (66%). Risk-based psychosocial outcomes (e.g., grief) were more commonly assessed than resilience-based outcomes.

Conclusions
The current scoping review revealed that recent research assessing the psychosocial outcomes of bereaved parents is limited in the representation of diverse populations, primarily qualitative, of broadly strong methodological quality, and oriented to psychosocial risk. To enhance the state of the science and inform evidence-based psychosocial services, future research should consider varied methodologies to comprehensively assess processes of risk and resilience with demographically and medically diverse populations.
Combined leaf gas-exchange system for model assessment
Authors: Tominaga Jun , Kawamitsu Yoshinobu 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Leaf gas-exchange measurements are useful in assessing plant environmental responses. However, uncertainties in the leaf gas-exchange model potentially limit its application. The main challenge in the model-dependent calculations is to detect violations of assumptions. Here, we developed a system that integrates into one instrument the direct measurement of leaf intercellular CO2 concentration and the standard open-flow (OF) and novel open-diffusion (OD) systems for flux measurement. In the OD system, a gas-permeable membrane between the leaf ambient air and outside air creates CO2 and H2O differentials, rather than the air flow in the OF chamber. We measured hypostomatous and amphistomatous leaves of several species with different photosynthetic capacities [sunflower (Helianthus annuus), grape (Vitis vinifera), lemon (Citrus limon), and cherry (Prunus avium)]. The CO2 and H2O differentials in the OD system strictly depend on the flux measured by the OF system. The lower permeability of the membrane resulted in a larger differential per flux, indicating that the OD system can increase the resolution for a small flux. An analysis of the conductance model along with observations suggested that cuticle and leaf intercellular conductances and the unsaturation of leaf humidity contributed to discrepancies between the direct measurement and standard calculation. The combined system developed here provides an opportunity to address these overlooked concepts in leaf gas exchange.
Disciplined parents and autonomous children: information sharing as governing device in Swedish identity-release gamete donation
Authors: Lindgren Matilda 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This article analyses shifts and continuities in Swedish regulation of information sharing in identity-release donor conception. At a time when families include both solo and same-sex parenting, I draw on a practice-oriented method to compare legal and pre-legislative documents from the early 1980s with those of the late 2010s as developed in a Swedish national context. Following the turn to openness in donor conception, I discuss the practical implications of framing access to information from the hospitals’ so-called ‘special medical record’ as a children’s right, when information is in fact only available after ‘maturity’ is reached. Furthermore, I show how a significant change in the understanding of child–parent relationships in donor-conceived families is articulated in the 2019 legislation. If early policy documents portrayed donor-conceived children as potentially problematic for not ‘knowing their origin’, I argue that now it is parents in donor-conceived families who are constructed as potentially problematic. Drawing on critical kinship theory, I conclude that Swedish policy-making on information sharing in donor conception relies on a symbolic rather than material understanding of genetic relatedness that fails to acknowledge how different family forms might have different needs. Based on these findings, I suggest that policymakers take into account the implications a changing view on family life and genetics have for children and parents following donor conception.
Attitudes towards immigration and unemployment risk cleavages: Untangling the economically rooted group conflict framework
Authors: Kayran Elif Naz 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
How do increasing economic risk cleavages amongst natives shape growing negativity towards immigration? Group conflict theory suggests that tension between immigrant and native groups arises as a reaction to the actual or perceived loss of economic privilege by the majority group members. Yet, such an economically rooted formation of sentiments towards immigration is widely debated. This article aims to clarify and more precisely assess the economic threat mechanisms of inter-group conflict, remedying limitations in earlier work. Distinct from the economic threat effects due to immigration, here, I argue and show that being in a relatively worse-off position amongst natives is a separate channel increasing adverse reactions to immigration. To examine this relationship, I use high-quality longitudinal household panel data Socio-Economic Panel from Germany from 1999 to 2016. Results from the German case provide evidence suggesting that even when controlling for exposure to a higher risk of being substituted by immigrants and a higher risk of being fiscally burdened by foreigners, there is a robust effect of exposure to increasingly higher unemployment risks compared to other native workers in the host society raises adversity towards immigration. This effect is independent of geographic differences and actual exposure to the economic impact of immigrants. Overall, this article reconciles existing accounts of economically motivated group conflict. It brings forward a comprehensive theoretical framework and empirical evidence to the study of worsening reactions towards immigration in these past decades.
Safety of fluconazole in kidney transplant recipients for prevention of coccidioidomycosis
Authors: Reddy Laya , Thompson III George R , Tuznik Natascha , Zolfaghari Tina A , Dray Joy Vongspanich , Ames Janneca , Ho Daniel , Crabtree Scott , Fine Jeffrey , Wilson Machelle D , Alnimri Muna , Cohen Stuart H , Koff Alan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Coccidioides is an endemic fungus that causes infections ranging from mild respiratory illness to life-threatening disease, and immunocompromised hosts such as solid organ transplant recipients are at higher risk for disseminated infection and mortality. Our center administers fluconazole prophylaxis to kidney transplant recipients residing in geographic areas with higher incidences of coccidioidomycosis. However, because drug–drug interactions occur between triazoles and immunosuppressants used in transplant medicine, we undertook a study to ascertain whether fluconazole prophylaxis was associated with any important safety outcomes in kidney transplant recipients. This retrospective study evaluated patients who had undergone kidney transplantation between 2016 and 2019. Data on patient demographics, transplant-related clinical information, use of fluconazole prophylaxis (200 mg daily for 6–12 months post-transplant), and patient outcomes were obtained. The primary outcome was mean estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at 12 months, comparing those who received fluconazole prophylaxis to those who did not. Secondary outcomes included mean eGFR at 3 months, 6 months, and 9 months post-transplant, patient survival, biopsy-proven graft rejection, graft loss, or a new requirement for post-transplant dialysis, all within 12 months post-transplant. The mean eGFR at 12 months was similar between both groups, with 66.4 ml/min/1.73 m² in the fluconazole prophylaxis group vs. 64.3 ml/min/1.73 m² in the non-fluconazole prophylaxis group (P = 0.55). Secondary outcomes were similar across both groups. Multivariable linear regression found no significant association between fluconazole use and graft function. Fluconazole prophylaxis for prevention of coccidioidomycosis was not associated with adverse graft outcomes in kidney transplant recipients.
On the ocean conditions of Hycean worlds
Authors: Rigby Frances E , Madhusudhan Nikku 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
Recent studies have suggested the possibility of Hycean worlds, characterized by deep liquid water oceans beneath H2-rich atmospheres. These planets significantly widen the range of planetary properties over which habitable conditions could exist. We conduct internal structure modelling of Hycean worlds to investigate the range of interior compositions, ocean depths and atmospheric mass fractions possible. Our investigation explicitly considers habitable oceans, where the surface conditions are limited to those that can support potential life. The ocean depths depend on the surface gravity and temperature, confirming previous studies, and span 10s to ∼1000 km for Hycean conditions, reaching ocean base pressures up to ∼6 × 104 bar before transitioning to high-pressure ice. We explore in detail test cases of five Hycean candidates, placing constraints on their possible ocean depths and interior compositions based on their bulk properties. We report limits on their atmospheric mass fractions admissible for Hycean conditions, as well as those allowed for other possible interior compositions. For the Hycean conditions considered, across these candidates we find the admissible mass fractions of the H/He envelopes to be ≲10−3. At the other extreme, the maximum H/He mass fractions allowed for these planets can be up to ∼4–8 per cent, representing purely rocky interiors with no H2O layer. These results highlight the diverse conditions possible among these planets and demonstrate their potential to host habitable conditions under vastly different circumstances to the Earth. Upcoming JWST observations of candidate Hycean worlds will allow for improved constraints on the nature of their atmospheres and interiors.
CSS_J154915.7+375506: a low-mass-ratio marginal contact binary system with a hierarchical third body
Authors: Wu Jin-Feng , Zhu Li-Ying , Matekov Azizbek , Li Lin-jia , Ehgamberdiev Shuhrat , Asfandiyarov Ildar , Wang Jiang-Jiao , Zhang Jia , Meng Fang-Bin 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
We presented the multifilter light curves of CSS_J154915.7+375506 inaugurally, which were observed by the 1.5-m Astronomicheskiy Zerkalniy Telescope 22 ( AZT-22) telescope at Maidanak Astronomical Observatory. A low-resolution spectrum obtained by Large-sky-Area Multi-Object fiber Spectroscopic Telescope reveals that it is an A-type (spectral A type) close binary. By analysing the BVRI total-eclipse light curves, we are able to derive a reliable photometric solution for this system, which indicates that CSS_J154915.7+375506 is an extremely low mass ratio (q = 0.138) marginal contact binary system. The location in the Hertzsprung–Russell (HR) diagram shows that its secondary component with a much smaller mass is the more evolved one, indicating that the mass ratio reversal occurred. The present secondary component had transferred a significant amount of mass to the present primary one. By the combination of a total of 20 times of minimum, we investigated its O–C (observed minus calculated) curve. A periodic oscillation and a possible period decrease have been detected. As the period decreases, the system will evolve towards the contact phase. This makes CSS_J154915.7+375506 a valuable case to study the formation scenario of contact binaries through mass reversal. The periodic oscillation suggested a third body with a minimal mass of $0.91\, {\rm M}_{\odot }$, which is larger than that of the less massive component in the central binary. This implies that the secondary body was not replaced by the third body during early stellar interactions, indicating that it is a fossil system and retains its original dynamical information.