bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A multi‐modal assessment of fear conditioning in adolescent anorexia nervosa
Authors: Murray Stuart B. , Strober Michael , Le Grange Daniel , Schauer Rebecca , Craske Michelle G. , Zbozinek Tomislav D. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveAnorexia nervosa (AN) is a pernicious psychiatric disorder which is principally characterized by a fear of weight gain. Notwithstanding the centrality of fear in the psychopathology of AN, controlled assessments of negative valence systems are lacking. Herein we assess fear conditioning in adolescent females with AN.MethodAdolescent girls (Mage = 14.6 years, ±1.57) with DSM‐5 diagnoses of AN (N = 25) and age‐matched control girls (Mage = 14.8 years, ±1.46) with no DSM‐5 diagnoses (N = 25) completed structured clinical interviews and participated in a classical three‐phase Pavlovian fear conditioning paradigm. Participants with comorbid anxiety disorders were excluded. Skin conductance response (SCR) was measured, alongside self‐reported fear, valence, and fear expectancy ratings.ResultsBoth groups demonstrated significant differential acquisition across all four measures. Regarding group comparisons, no differences emerged for self‐reported fear, valence, and fear expectancy ratings during acquisition, although for SCR, those with AN demonstrated reduced physiological arousal relative to controls. Both groups demonstrated significant differential extinction for unconditioned stimuli (US) expectancy, self‐report fear, and self‐report valence. No statistically significant group differences were evident during extinction to the conditioned stimuli (CS)+, on any outcome measure. However, controls reported more positive valence to the CS− than those with AN.ConclusionsContrary to our hypotheses, our preliminary assessment did not find support for elevated fear responding among adolescent girls with AN with regards to fear acquisition or extinction. These data suggest that AN in adolescent girls may not be associated with a heightened propensity to acquire fear, but conversely, may suggest that exposure treatments for AN may be helpful, since extinction learning is intact in AN.Public significanceAN is characterized by fear‐related symptoms, including food and weight‐related fear, and behavioral avoidance, yet controlled studies assessing fear learning are limited. Our preliminary assessment of adolescent AN indicates no abnormalities in fear learning among adolescents with AN. These findings may inform existing mechanistic models of AN psychopathology, and the development of exposure‐based treatments for AN.
Blood meal metabarcoding of the argasid tick (Ornithodoros turicata Dugès) reveals extensive vector‐host associations
Authors: Balasubramanian Sujata , Busselman Rachel E. , Fernandez‐Santos Nadia A. , Grunwald Andrew P. , Wolff Nicholas , Hathaway Nicholas , Hillhouse Andrew , Bailey Jeffrey A. , Teel Pete D. , Ferreira Francisco C. , Hamer Sarah A. , Hamer Gabriel L. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMolecular methods to understand host feeding patterns of arthropod vectors are critical to assess exposure risk to vector‐borne disease and unveil complex ecological interactions. We build on our prior work discovering the utility of PCR‐Sanger sequencing blood meal analysis that work well for soft ticks (Acari: Argasidae), unlike for hard ticks (Acari: Ixodidae), thanks to their unique physiology that retains prior blood meals for years. Here, we apply blood meal metabarcoding using amplicon deep sequencing to identify multiple host species in individual Ornithodoros turicata soft ticks collected from two natural areas in Texas, United States. Of 788 collected O. turicata, 394 were evaluated for blood meal source via metabarcoding, revealing 27 different vertebrate hosts (17 mammals, five birds, one reptile, and four amphibians) fed upon by 274 soft ticks. Information on multiple hosts was derived from 167 individual O. turicata (61%). Metabarcoding revealed mixed vertebrate blood meals in O. turicata while same specimens yielded only one vertebrate species using Sanger sequencing. These data reveal wide host range of O. turicata and demonstrate the value of blood meal metabarcoding for understanding the ecology for known and potential tick‐borne pathogens circulating among humans, domestic animals, and wildlife such as relapsing fever caused by Borrelia turicatae. Our results also document evidence of prior feeding on wild pig from an off‐host soft tick for the first time in North America; a critical observation in the context of enzootic transmission of African swine fever virus if it were introduced to the US. This research enhances our understanding of vector‐host associations and offers a promising perspective for biodiversity monitoring and disease control strategies.
Simple and Efficient Method for Mono‐ and Di‐Amination of Polypyridine N‐Oxides
Authors: Verbeet Wessel , Husiev Yurii , Bonnet Sylvestre 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHerein we report a simple synthetic route towards both known and novel aminated polypyridyl ligands. The use of tosyl chloride in combination with potassium phthalimide followed by hydrolysis allows for chemo–selective ortho–amination of (poly)pyridyl mono‐ and di‐N‐oxides with good to excellent yield. The reactions are scalable and reproducible while using inexpensive, commercially available reagents.
Harnessing solar power with aesthetic innovation: An in‐depth study on spherical and hemispherical photovoltaic configurations
Authors: Almadhhachi Mensour , Seres István , Farkas István 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn pursuing advancing solar energy systems, this research uniquely occupies a position at the intersection of photovoltaic (PV) efficiency, innovative design and aesthetic integration into urban landscapes. This study explores the potential of thin solar cells applied to spherical and hemispherical surfaces and the influence of temperature variations throughout the day. By conducting a comprehensive analysis of voltage–current diagrams, the study deciphers the intricate interconnections of spherical geometries and their response to external thermal impacts, elucidating their subsequent effects on energy conversion efficiency. Moreover, it delved into the dynamics of connecting multiple spherical modules, unveiling their potential to form artistic and utilitarian constructs such as solar trees and architectural embellishments. The findings indicate that while spherical configurations provide superior aesthetics and a power generation profile comparable to solar tracking systems, hemispherical configurations offer a 32% increase in efficiency compared with the spherical configuration and a notable reduction in land footprint. This research underscores the importance of striking a balance between aesthetic appeal, efficiency and land utilization, providing valuable insights for the future of PV technology integration into urban and agricultural landscapes.
Energy management control strategies for energy storage systems of hybrid electric vehicle: A review
Authors: Veerendra Arigela Satya , Mohamed Mohd Rusllim Bin , García Márquez Fausto Pedro 
Published: February 2024

AbstractContinuous efforts to preserve the environment and to reduce gaseous emissions due to the massive growth of urban economic development and heightened concerns over crude oil depletion have accelerated researchers to find long‐term solutions, particularly in the transportation sector with the focus on powertrain electrification. This article delivers a comprehensive overview of electric vehicle architectures, energy storage systems, and motor traction power. Subsequently, it emphasizes different charge equalization methodologies of the energy storage system. This work's contribution can be identified in two points: first, providing an overview of different energy management methods to researchers and scholars. Second, to highlight the state‐of‐the‐art leanings in major components and to highlight promising approaches to hybrid electric vehicle future development.
Supply energy management methods for a direct current microgrid: A comprehensive review
Authors: Varshnry Arpit , Lather Jagdeep Singh , Dahiya Anil Kumar 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe revolution of microgrids (MGs) in the modern world has impacted the power systems to deal with the loads with optimal use of renewable energy resources (RERs). In the models consisting of energy management systems (EMS) and generation sources, there will be power fluctuations between the source and the load under certain conditions due to the unpredictable behavior of RERs. Therefore, a reliable scheme has to be implemented between the source and the load to ensure optimal performance of direct current (DC)‐MGs. This article has presented a review of the EMS models introduced by various researchers to enable optimal power supply and efficient operation of the DC‐MGs. A thorough illustration of the schemes adopted to provide efficient operations under grid‐connected and islanded mode of operations are provided. The effects and advantages of centralized and decentralized EMSs are discussed. The role of a battery energy storage system (BESS) in microgrid scheduling is presented and compared with a few other energy storage systems. The scheduling strategies implemented for optimal EMS using different algorithms and techniques are elaborated. In addition, the effects of battery degradation and the formulated solutions to improve the degraded models with improved battery life are also provided with cycle life and calendar life. Then, the lithium ion and lead acid BESS effect on microgrid EMS is presented. Finally, the energy management methods for DC‐MGs end with challenges, research gaps, and future direction.
Analytical solutions of triple‐diffusive magnetohydrodynamic fluid flowing through a stretching/shrinking sheet
Authors: Sangamesh  , Y. Vinod , Raghunatha K. R. , Nagappanavar Suma Nagendrappa 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe aim of this article is to investigate the dual nature solutions of the triple diffusive magnetohydrodynamic flow due to stretching/shrinking surfaces. The system of nonlinear partial differential equations is transformed into nonlinear ordinary differential equations with the help of compatible transforms. Analytical dual solutions are obtained for every unknown velocity, temperature, and concentration profile in terms of known physical parameters. Heat and mass transfer analyses have been carried out in the presence of convective boundary conditions. The graphic interpretation of the possible dual solutions of dimensionless velocity, temperature, concentration, skin‐friction coefficient, and Nusselt and Sherwood numbers is analyzed under the influence of different known physical parameters. The obtained results are validated against previously published results for a special case of the problem.
Vitamin D improves autoimmune diseases by inhibiting Wnt signaling pathway
Authors: Zou Minshu , Song Qiuju , Yin Taiyong , Xu Hongtao , Nie Guoming 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveIn this study, we investigated the development of the Wnt signaling pathway in vitamin D (VitD) to improve systemic lupus erythematosus in mice to breakthrough clinical treatment approaches.MethodsBody weight changes were recorded during rearing. Antinuclear antibodies (ANA), anti‐dsDNA, and anti‐snRNP were detected in the mouse serum using an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Apoptosis of Th1 and Th2 immune cells in mice was detected using flow cytometry. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the expression of T‐bet, GATA3, and Wnt3a mRNA in the spleens of each group. Western blot analysis was performed to detect the expression of Wnt1, p‐β‐catenin, β‐catenin, glycogen synthase kinsase3β (GSK‐3β), Wnt3a, c‐myc, and cyclin D1 protein in mice spleens. β‐catenin in mice spleen was visualized using immunohistochemistry.ResultsVitD did not substantial reduce the body weight of MRL/LPR mice, whereas the inhibitor did. VitD notably decreased the concentrations of ANA, anti‐double‐stranded DNA, and anti‐snRNP in the serum of MRL/LPR mice and alleviated apoptosis of Th1 and Th2 cells. VitD markedly increased the expression of T‐bet and GATA mRNA in the spleen of MRL/LPR mice and consequently increased the levels of Wnt3a and β‐catenin. Western blot analysis revealed that the levels of GSK‐3β, p‐β‐catenin, Wnt1, Wnt3a, c‐myc, and cyclin D1 could be reduced by VitD, compared with MRL/LPR. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that the expression of β‐catenin was the most pronounced in the spleen of MRL/LPR mice, and the expression level of β‐catenin decreased substantially after VitD intervention.ConclusionsVitD can further inhibit the nuclear translocation of β‐catenin by downregulating the expression of Wnt ligands (Wnt1 and Wnt3a), which reduces the expression of the downstream target gene cyclin D1. Systemic lupus erythematosus in mice was improved by inhibiting the activation of Wnt/β‐catenin signal pathway.
A novel predictive model for noninvasively diagnosing bladder outlet obstruction in female patients based on clinical features and uroflowmetry parameters
Authors: Cheng Yu , Li Taicheng , Wu Xiaoyu , Du Guanghui , Xu Shengfei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo develop and validate a simple prediction model to diagnose female bladder outlet obstruction (fBOO) because of the invasive nature of standard urodynamic studies (UDS) for diagnosing fBOO.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the data of 728 women who underwent UDS at Tongji Hospital between 2011 and 2021. The definition of fBOO was Pdet.Qmax − 2.2 × Qmax > 5 (BOOIf > 5). Independent predictive factors of fBOO were determined by multivariable logistic regression analysis. These predictive factors were incorporated into a predictive model to assess the risk of fBOO.ResultsOf the 728 patients, 249 (34.2%) were identified as having fBOO and these women were randomly assigned to two groups, a model development group and a model validation group. Multivariate logistic regression demonstrated that age, Qmax, flow time, and voiding efficiency were independent risk factors for fBOO. The predictive model of fBOO showed a satisfactory performance, with area under the curve being 0.811 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.771–0.850, P < 0.001), which was confirmed to be 0.820 (95% CI 0.759–0.882, P < 0.001) with external validation. The calibration curve indicated that the predicted probability had an excellent correspondence to observed frequency. Decision curve analysis demonstrated a greater clinical net benefit compared with the strategies of treat all or treat none when the predicted risk was in a range of 3% and 75%.ConclusionA novel predictive model of fBOO was developed and validated based on clinical features and noninvasive test parameters in female patients with lower urinary tract symptoms. The model is a quick and easy‐to‐use tool to assess the risk of fBOO for urologists in their routine practice without an invasive UDS.
Assisted reproductive technology treatment failure and the detection of intrauterine HPV through spent embryo transfer media sample
Authors: Bai Mingzhu , Sun Di , Shu Jinhui , Wei Dong , Yuan Mu , Yuan Zhenya , Liu Suying , Kang Mei , Zhang Zikai , Chen Xiong , Zheng Wenxin , Feng Youji , Bao Shihua , Zhang Zhenbo , Liao Hong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCervical human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is believed to increase the risks of pregnancy failure and abortion, however, whether the uterine cavity HPV infection reduces pregnancy rate or increases miscarriage rate remains unclarified in infertile women undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatment. Therefore, we aimed to assess ART outcomes in the presence of intrauterine HPV. This was a hospital‐based multicenter (five reproductive medicine centers) matched cohort study. This study involved 4153 infertile women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection treatment in five reproductive medicine centers between October 2018 and 2020. The spent embryo transfer media sample with endometrium tissue were collected and performed with flow‐through hybridization and gene chips to detect HPV DNA. According to basic characteristics, HPV‐positive and negative patients were matched in a ratio of 1:4 by age, body mass index transfer timing, transfer type, and number of embryos transferred. The primary outcome was pregnancy and clinical miscarriage rates in the transfer cycle underwent HPV detection. 92 HPV‐positive and 368 HPV‐negative patients were screened and analyzed statistically. Univariate analysis showed uterine cavity HPV infection resulted in lower rates of ongoing pregnancy (31.5% vs. 44.6%; p = 0.023), implantation (32.3% vs. 43.1%; p = 0.026), biochemical pregnancy (47.8% vs. 62.5%; p = 0.010), and clinical pregnancy (40.2% vs. 54.3%; p = 0.015) compared with HPV negative group. The infertile female with positive HPV also had a slightly higher frequency of biochemical miscarriage (15.9% vs. 13.0%; p = 0.610) and clinical miscarriage (24.3% vs. 15.5%; p = 0.188). These findings suggest that HPV infection in the uterine cavity is a high risk for ART failure. HPV screening is recommended before ART treatment, which may be benefit to improving pregnancy outcome.
Sleep‐stage‐dependent alterations in cerebral oxygen metabolism quantified by magnetic resonance
Authors: Xu Jing , Wiemken Andrew , Langham Michael C. , Rao Hengyi , Nabbout Marianne , Caporale Alessandra S. , Schwab Richard J. , Detre John A. , Wehrli Felix W. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA key function of sleep is to provide a regular period of reduced brain metabolism, which is critical for maintenance of healthy brain function. The purpose of this work was to quantify the sleep‐stage‐dependent changes in brain energetics in terms of cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) as a function of sleep stage using quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with concurrent electroencephalography (EEG) during sleep in the scanner. Twenty‐two young and older subjects with regular sleep hygiene and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) in the normal range were recruited for the study. Cerebral blood flow (CBF) and venous oxygen saturation (SvO2) were obtained simultaneously at 3 Tesla field strength and 2.7‐s temporal resolution during an 80‐min time series using OxFlow, an in‐house developed imaging sequence. The method yields whole‐brain CMRO2 in absolute physiologic units via Fick's Principle. Nineteen subjects yielded evaluable data free of subject motion artifacts. Among these subjects, 10 achieved slow‐wave (N3) sleep, 16 achieved N2 sleep, and 19 achieved N1 sleep while undergoing the MRI protocol during scanning. Mean CMRO2 was 98 ± 7(μmol min−1)/100 g awake, declining progressively toward deepest sleep stage: 94 ± 10.8 (N1), 91 ± 11.4 (N2), and 76 ± 9.0 μmol min−1/100 g (N3), with each level differing significantly from the wake state. The technology described is able to quantify cerebral oxygen metabolism in absolute physiologic units along with non‐REM sleep stage, indicating brain oxygen consumption to be closely associated with depth of sleep, with deeper sleep stages exhibiting progressively lower CMRO2 levels.
Cone cell dysfunction attenuates retinal neovascularization in oxygen‐induced retinopathy mouse model
Authors: Wu Jun , Jo Dong Hyun , Fruttiger Marcus , Kim Jeong Hun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAberrant neovascularization is the most common feature in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), which leads to the retinal detachment and visual defects in neonates with a low gestational age eventually. Understanding the regulation of inappropriate angiogenic signaling benefits individuals at‐risk. Recently, neural activity originating from the specific neural activity has been considered to contribute to retinal angiogenesis. Here, we explored the impact of cone cell dysfunction on oxygen‐induced retinopathy (OIR), a mouse model commonly employed to understand retinal diseases associated with abnormal blood vessel growth, using the Gnat2cpfl3 (cone photoreceptor function loss‐3) strain of mice (regardless of the sex), which is known for its inherent cone cell dysfunction. We found that the retinal avascular area, hypoxic area, and neovascular area were significantly attenuated in Gnat2cpfl3 OIR mice compared to those in C57BL/6 OIR mice. Moreover, the HIF‐1α/VEGF axis was also reduced in Gnat2cpfl3 OIR mice. Collectively, our results indicated that cone cell dysfunction, as observed in Gnat2cpfl3 OIR mice, leads to attenuated retinal neovascularization. This finding suggests that retinal neural activity may precede and potentially influence the onset of pathological neovascularization.
Where is the gap after a 90 W/4 s very‐high‐power short‐duration ablation of atrial fibrillation?: Association with the left atrial‐pulmonary vein voltage and wall thickness
Authors: Hirata Moyuru , Nagashima Koichi , Watanabe Ryuta , Wakamatsu Yuji , Hirata Shu , Kurokawa Sayaka , Okumura Yasuo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundAlthough pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) for atrial fibrillation (AF) utilizing radiofrequency (RF) applications with a very high‐power and short‐duration (vHPSD) has shortened the procedure time, the determinants of pulmonary vein (PV) gaps in the first‐pass PVI and acute PV reconnections are unclear.MethodsAn extensive encircling PVI was performed with the QDOT MICRO catheter with a vHPSD (90 W–4 s) in 30 patients with AF (19 men, 64 ± 10 years). The association of the PV gap sites (first‐pass PVI failure, acute PV reconnections [spontaneous reconnections or dormant conduction provoked by adenosine triphosphate] or both) with the left atrial (LA) wall thickness and LA bipolar voltage on the PVI line and ablation‐related parameters were assessed.ResultsPV gaps were observed in 29 (6%) of 480 segments (16 segments per patient) in 17 patients (56%). The PV gaps were associated with the LA wall thickness, bipolar voltage, and the number of RF points (LA wall thickness, 2.5 ± 0.5 vs. 1.9 ± 0.4 mm, p < .001; bipolar voltage, 2.59 ± 1.62 vs. 1.34 ± 1.14 mV, p < .001; RF points, 6 ± 2 vs. 4 ± 2, p = .008) but were not with the other ablation‐related parameters. Receiver operating characteristic curves yielded that an LA wall thickness ≥2.3 mm and bipolar voltage ≥2.40 mV were determinants of PV gaps with an area under the curve of 0.82 and 0.73, respectively.ConclusionsThe LA voltage and wall thickness on the PV‐encircling ablation line were highly associated with PV gaps using the 90 W/4 s‐vHPSD ablation.
Dietary zinc supplements: beneficial health effects and application in food, medicine and animals
Authors: Shi Ying , Hao Rui , Ji Haixia , Gao Li , Yang Junyan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractZinc, a crucial trace element is vital for the growth and development of humans. It is frequently described as ‘the flower of life’ and ‘the source of intelligence’. Zinc supplements play a pivotal role in addressing zinc deficiency by serving as a vital source of this essential micronutrients, effectively replenishing depleted zinc levels in the body. In this paper, we first described the biological behavior of zinc in the human body and briefly described the physiological phenomena associated with zinc levels. The benefits and drawbacks of various zinc supplement forms are then discussed, with emphasis on the most recent zinc supplement formulations. Finally, the application of zinc supplements in food, medicine, and animal husbandry is further summarized. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.