bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH TIMBAL ASETAT (Pb (CH3COO)2) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN MIKROALGA LAUT Nannochloropsis oculata
Authors: Mailoor Joshua W.T. , Kemer Kurniati , Rumengan Antonius P. , Gerung Grevo S. , Kaligis Erly Y. , Warouw Veibe 
Published: March 2024

Microalgae are simple unicellular or multicellular microorganisms that are able to bind CO2 andcan absorb solar energy for the process of photosynthesis so that microalgae can convert inorganiccompounds into organic compounds. The organic compounds contained in microalgae arecarbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, and fats. The purpose of this study was to determine the growthand density of the microalgae Nannochloropsis oculata from the start of the culture to the exponentialphase and then proceed with the administration of lead acetate with 3 different concentrations. Thedensity of microalgae cells from the beginning of the culture to the exponential phase was on the 11day of observation. In the exponential phase, microalgae gave lead acetate treatment to 3 containerswith concentrations of 30 ppm, 50 ppm, 80 ppm and 1 control container without treatment. The growthof Nannochloropsis oculata cell density with lead acetate administration experienced a decrease ingrowth when compared to the control container (without lead acetate treatment).Keywords: Microalgae, Nannochloropsis oculata, Lead Acetate
ABSTRAKMikroalga merupakan mikroorganisme uniseluler atau multiseluler sederhana yang mampumengikat CO2 dan dapat menyerap energi matahari untuk proses fotosintesis sehingga mikroalga dapatmengubah senyawa anorganik menjadi senyawa organik. Senyawa organik yang terkandung dalammikroalga yaitu karbohidrat, protein, asam nukleat, dan lemak. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untukmengetahui pertumbuhan dan kepadatan mikroalga Nannochloropsis oculata dari awal kultur sampaipada fase eksponensial kemudian dilanjutkan dengan perlakuan pemberian timbal asetat dengan 3konsentrasi yang berbeda. Kepadatan sel mikroalga dari awal kultur sampai pada fase eksponensialyaitu pada hari ke-11 pengamatan. Pada fase eksponensial, mikroalga diberikan perlakuan timbalasetat ke dalam 3 wadah dengan konsentrasi 30 ppm, 50 ppm, 80 ppm serta 1 wadah kontrol tanpaperlakuan. Pertumbuhan kepadatan sel Nannochloropsis oculata dengan pemberian timbal asetatmengalami penurunan pertumbuhan jika dibandingkan dengan wadah kontrol (tanpa perlakuan timbalasetat).
Kata kunci : Mikroalga, Nannochloropsis oculata, Timbal Asetat
KEANEKARAGAMAN DAN KELIMPAHAN ECHINODERMATA DI PANTAI PANCURAN PULAU LEMBEH
Authors: Christianti Yudith A. , Boneka Farnis B. , Kaligis Erly Y. , Sinjal Chatrien A.L. , Wagey Billy Th. , Lasabuda Ridwan 
Published: March 2024

Echinodermata are found quite commonly in the tidal areas of Lembeh Island but their diversityand abundance have not been well documented. The purpose of this study was to determine the typesof Echinoderms and their abundance at Pancuran Beach, Lembeh Island, Bitung City. Samples weretaken at two stations using the Lincoln-Smith Transect method 2 x 50 m which was stretchedperpendicular to the beach with three replications. Samples were identified in situ and the number ofindividuals of each species was noted. The results showed that in Pancuran Beach there were 18species of phylum Echinodermata; with details of 7 species from the Asteroidea class, 5 species ofEchinoidea, 4 species of Ophiuroidea, 2 species of Holothuroidea. The results of the analysis using thediversity index show that the diversity of Echinodermata at both stations is in the medium category,characterized by the value of H' = 2.06 for station I and H'= 2.35 for station II. At station 1, the type ofOphiocoma erinaceus has the highest density of 15 ind/100m2 and a relative abundance of 23.68%. Atstation II Echinothrix diadema has the highest abundance of 12 ind/100m2 with a relative abundance of17.14%. Common species found in both stations are Diadema setosum, Echinometra mathaei,Echinothrix diadema, Holothuria atra, Ophiocoma erinaceus, and Ophiocoma scolopendrina.Keywords: Lembeh Island, Diversity, Abundance, Echinoderms
ABSTRAKEchinodermata ditemukan cukup umum di daerah pasang surut Pulau Lembeh namunkeanekaragaman dan kelimpahannya belum sepenuhnya didokumentasikan dengan baik. Tujuanpenelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui jenis-jenis Echinodermata dan kelimpahannya di PantaiPancuran, Pulau Lembeh Kota Bitung. Sampel diambil pada dua stasiun dengan menggunakan metodeLincoln-Smith Transect 2 x 50 m yang dibentangkan tegak lurus ke arah pantai dengan tiga replikasi.Sampel diidentifikasi secara insitu dan jumlah individu tiap spesies dicatat. Hasil menunjukkan bahwadi Pantai Pancuran terdapat 18 spesies filum Echinodermata; dengan rincian 7 spesies dari kelasAsteroidea, 5 spesies Echinoidea, 4 spesies Ophiuroidea, 2 spesies Holothuroidea. Hasil analisamenggunakan indeks keanekaragaman menunjukkan bahwa diversitas Echinodermata pada keduastasiun dalam kategori sedang, ditandai dengan nilai H' = 2,06 untuk stasiun I dan H'= 2,35 untukstasiun II. Pada stasiun 1, jenis Ophiocoma erinaceus paling tinggi densitasnya yakni 15 ind/100m2dan kelimpahan relatif 23,68%, Pada stasiun II Echinothrix diadema memiliki kelimpahan tertinggi yakni12 ind/100m2 dengan kelimpahan relatif 17,14%. Jenis yang umum terdapat pada kedua stasiun adalahDiadema setosum, Echinometra mathaei, Echinothrix diadema, Holothuria atra, Ophiocoma erinaceus,dan Ophiocoma scolopendrina.
Kata kunci: Pulau Lembeh, Keanekaragaman, Kelimpahan, Echinodermata
Data-Driven Prediction of Unscheduled Maintenance Replacements in a Fleet of Commercial Aircrafts
Authors: Nicchiotti Gianluca 
Published: March 2024

Aerospace industries have become increasingly concerned about system availability and reliability. Data driven based prognosis is an emerging application aimed at building predictive models from readily available maintenance and operational databases. After validation, these models can be integrated into PHM systems to monitor equipment health and predict component failures before such events disrupt operations.
For this project legacy data collected from two databases associated to a fleet of civil aircrafts during a period spanning 5 years have been used. The first database contains Central Management System (CMS) data (BIT messages and Flight Deck Effects), the second logs of maintenance activities. Part of the data collected from 2012 to mid 2015 have been used for the learning phase the rest spanning 2012-2016 period have been used for validation
The goal is to predict failure events within an interval ranging from two to ten flights in advance to avoid unscheduled maintenance activities and operational disruptions. Hence two flights represent the minimal notice period/prognostics horizon whilst 10 flights is the maximal acceptable wasted life. Data-driven based prognostic uses pattern recognition and machine learning techniques to train historic data. In the proposed approach both techniques have been used. Through Support Vector Machine a prognostics anomaly detection step is initially performed to select the flight legs candidate for a prognostics alert. In a further step a subspace technique, borrowed from image processing domain and named Eigenface, allows to produce the signatures of the different types of maintenance actions and a template matching algorithm determines among the prognostics alert candidates the component to be replaced.
Several tests have been conducted for different types of replacements and results will be presented using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves and precision/recall metrics. Information contained in ROC allows the airliner to identify, according to its economic criteria, the optimal prognostics operating points.
Optimizing fixed-interval maintenance periods for mobile asset sub-systems operating in remote locations
Authors: Hodkiewicz Melinda , Bonser Deion , Chin Alastair , While Lyndon 
Published: March 2024

Fixed-interval planned maintenance is the predominant strategy for looking after mobile asset fleets such as cars, trains, and trucks. To understand the impact of maintenance interval selection on the fleet's performance it is necessary to mathematically link these planned maintenance tasks to the asset's subsequent reliability performance and the ability to complete planned journeys without incident. Failures, particularly those happening in remote locations, are costly to manage, cause significant operational disruption, and increase safety exposure for maintainers. A typical mobile asset has some number of sub-systems, each with its own maintenance interval and reliability. Our challenge is to set appropriate maintenance intervals for each asset sub-system to minimize the probability of an unplanned failure, without limiting unnecessarily the availability of the asset. To do this we generate sets of maintenance intervals using a genetic algorithm and test them using a discrete event simulation (DES) model of the operations and maintenance functions. We are motivated by two industry examples of fleets in remote locations: long-distance freight trucks, and heavy-haulage rail locomotives. In the truck case, the model found optimal intervals similar to those used by the operator. The locomotive case is more complex, but the model suggests improvements are possible in interval selection, maintenance practices, and data collection. Each model is conceptualized for its specific context; this process identifies assumptions that need to be considered when linking maintenance and operations models.
Fleet-based System Health Assessment: Reasoning about Change and Differences
Authors: Borth Michael 
Published: March 2024

Monitoring and managing the health of technical systems with advanced diagnosis and prognosis benefits from fleet analytics: insights on the degradation of other but similar systems help, e.g., to forecast actual issues for predictive maintenance as does detecting and correcting anomalies in usage profiles helps to prevent undue wear and tear. Successes in this field usually depend on the similarity of the fleet’s systems: although not necessarily equal, they need to have alike key characteristics, e.g., in the way they age, such that observations on one or many systems constitute an expectation for others.
We introduce fleet-based system health assessments that complement such approaches by reasoning on differences, e.g., those introduced by interventions like upgrades. Given that such change is the only constant for many of today's complex systems, we believe that our addition to health assessment is necessary to cope with the variation in systems that fleet operators face over the lifecycles of all systems.
Technically, our approach is based on probabilistic reasoning. The related modeling and inference techniques allow us to incorporate insights from past observations in individual systems, but also from comparable systems and, at the same time, they permit comparisons between parts of the fleet and estimate possible effects of existing differences. Our work shows that especially such comparisons are valuable for fleet health management over long lifecycles that is typically linked to continuous improvement processes.
Condition Monitoring System for Internal Blowout Prevention (IBOP) in Top Drive Assembly System using Discrete Event Systems and Deep Learning Approaches
Authors: Noori Nadia Saad , Bianchi Filippo , Waag Tor Inge 
Published: March 2024

Offshore oil drilling is a complex process that requires careful coordination of hardware and control systems. Fault monitoring systems play an important role in such systems for safe and profitable operations. Thus, predictive maintenance and monitoring operating conditions of drilling systems are critical to the overall production cycle. In this paper, we are addressing the topic of condition monitoring of a critical part in the process of oil drilling, the Internal Blowout Preventer (IBOP) system in the top drive assembly in offshore oil drilling. In our work, we aim to design an intelligent system for monitoring the health of IBOP system using discrete event systems (DES) based control method in combination with multivariate time series classification deep learning method. The proposed system comprises two stages: 1) produce IBOP system logical behaviour analysis using Hierarchical Colored Petri Nets (HCPN) approach; 2) develop an activity detection or a classifier module using reservoir computing framework for classification of multivariate time series for activity monitoring and fault detection for the top drive assembly.
The combination of these methods would enable automation of monitoring and early detection of incidents during drilling operations. We present the preliminary results of a model in Petri Nets used to simulate a monitoring system for IBOP valve in top drive assembly and activity classification of activities relevant to IBOP condition monitoring. The effects of failure rate and repair time of each component on system performance are to be researched at a later stage.
HUMAN PAPILOMA VIRUSES DETECTION IN ADOLESCENT WOMEN WITH ABNORMALN CYTOLOGY IN CROATIA
Authors: Lepušić Dubravko , Radović-Radovčić Sandra , Vuković Ante 
Published: March 2024

The association between certain human papillomaviruses (HPV) and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) is well documented, but still unknown among Croatian adolescent women. Women between the age of 15 and 20 with cytomorphologically abnormal smears (CIN I-IV) were tested for the presence of HPV. Consensus and specific primers were used in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR to detect the most common types: 6, 11, 16, 18, 31 and 33. Beside low-risk HPV 6/11 (25.8%) the most frequently observed types were high-risk HPV types 16 (20.2%) and 31 (17.8%). Globally, the HPV positivity rate declines with age. The presence of HPV DNA significantly increased from 35.5 to 61.1% along with the severity of the cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN I-IV). HPV type 6/11 was strong associated with CIN I (33.8%), HPV type 31 with CIN II (22.9%) and HPV type 16 with CIN III (50%).
PRAVOVREMENOST VAKCINACIJE PREVREMENO ROĐENE DECE
Authors: Rožek Mitrović Tanja 
Published: March 2024

Prevremeno rođena deca su značajna populacija sa aspekta javnog zdravlja, morbiditeta i mortaliteta te je preventivni rad i vakcinacija od velikog značaja. Prevremeno rođena deca imaju veći rizik za pojavu neonatalnih i infektivnih bolesti, zbog nezrelosti imunog sistema i slabog prenosa zaštitnih majčinih antitela. Mnoge infektivne bolesti mogu se sprečiti sprovođenjem vakcinacije. Međutim, najveći problem u zemlji i inostranstvu je neblagovremena i nepotpuna vakcinacija prevremeno rođene dece. Pregledom literaturnih podataka u ovom radu predstavljeni su načini i protokoli sprovođenja pravovremenosti vakcinacije prevremeno rođene dece, sa ciljem efikasne prevencije zaraznih bolesti.
INTERNET KAO IZVOR INFORMACIJA RODITELJIMA DECE SA SMETNJAMA U RAZVOJU I / ILI HRONIČNIM BOLESTIMA
Authors: Ćeranić Isidora , Tomić Srđan , Slavković Sanela 
Published: March 2024

Uvod: Istraživanja ističu ulogu interneta kao izuzetno važnog izvora informacija za roditelje dece sa smetnjama u razvoju i/ili sa hroničnim oboljenjima, što proizilazi iz njihove potrebe da pronađu specifične informacije u vezi sa zdravljem/stanjem i razvojem svoje dece.
Cilj rada: Cilj rada jeste utvrditi načine korištenja interneta od strane roditelja u procesu pronalaska informacija koje se tiču detetovog stanja ili zdravlja radi pružanja podrške detetu sa smetnjama u razvoju i/ili hroničnim bolestima.
Metode rada: Onlajn upitnik je popunilo 104 ispitanika starosti od 18-45 godina. Upitnik, dizajniran za potrebe ovog istraživanja, sadrži 35 pitanja organizovanih u pet delova: socio-demografski podaci o ispitanicima; podaci o detetu; podaci o roditeljskim stavovima prema internet pretraživanju; podaci o roditeljskim stavovima u vezi sa informacijama dobijenih od strane stručnjaka; podaci o društvenom okruženju roditelja.
Rezultati: Utvrđeno je da osnovne informacije koje pretražuju roditelji dece jesu informacije u vezi sa samim procesom rehabilitacije i postupanjem sa detetom. Pokazalo se da stručnjak od kojeg roditelji dobijaju najveći broj informacija jeste lekar. Ono što roditelji najviše cene kod stručnjaka jeste aktivno uključivanje roditelja u proces donošenja odluka u vezi sa detetom. Takođe, iskustva i preporuke ljudi iz okruženja imaju značajan uticaj na roditelje.
Zaključak: Neophodno je promovisati značaj otvorene komunikacije između stručnog lica i roditelja zasnovane na poverenju, informisanost i uključenost roditelja u sve segmente bavljenja detetom.
ESTIMATING THE EFFECT OF TAXATION ON THE ECONOMIC GROWTH OF SIERRA LEONE USING A TIME SERIES ANALYSIS
Authors: Davies Desmond Emmanuel Adeshegun Songo , Heimoh Joseph M. B. 
Published: March 2024

<p>This study delves into the impact of taxation on the economic growth of Sierra Leone, aiming to establish a comprehensive understanding of the intricate relationship between taxation and the country's economic trajectory. Employing time series data spanning from 1995 to 2022, the study utilizes the Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) framework for analysis. Unit root analysis reveals that certain variables remain stable at levels, while others achieve stability at their first difference. The bound test cointegration results affirm the presence of cointegration, indicating a long-term relationship between taxation and economic growth in Sierra Leone. The study highlights the overall significance of explanatory variables in explaining Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The coefficient of determination indicates that 77.37 percent of GDP variation is explained by indirect taxes, other taxes, interest rates, and foreign direct investment. Notably, the coefficient of indirect taxes demonstrates a negative and statistically significant influence on short-term economic growth in Sierra Leone. In contrast, interest rates exhibit positive and individually significant effects on short-term economic growth. The findings suggest that indirect taxes in Sierra Leone stimulate consumption but reduce savings. Consequently, policymakers are urged to prioritize enhancing international relations to attract Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and promote export activities, thereby bolstering export revenue and fostering economic growth.</p><p> </p><p><strong>JEL: </strong>O11, O23, H20, H22, C22, F21, E62</p><p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu/0758/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
THE EFFECT OF CREDIT TO THE PRIVATE SECTOR ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN SIERRA LEONE
Authors: Kamara Emmanuel Jam , Heimoh Joseph M. B. , Davies Desmond Emmanuel Adeshegun Songo 
Published: March 2024

<p>Economic growth is important for poverty reduction, and it is of interest to all policymakers. Also, finance is important for boosting investment and hence growth and it takes various forms. The study therefore investigates the effect of bank credit to the private sector on economic growth in Sierra Leone. The study uses aggregate amount data on real Gross Domestic Product (GDP), credit by banks, and other control variables for the period 1992 to 2022. Variables are tested for the existence of unit roots and the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) was used to test for cointegration and estimation of short-run and long-run models of growth. The results show that credit to the private sector has a positive effect on economic growth in Sierra Leone. Other results show that interest rates and inflation harm real GDP growth. The important policy implication is the need for the central bank to continue its financial stability efforts, the need for strengthened macroeconomic stability, and structural reforms that bind investment celebrate for more bank credit to the private sectors, in reducing to enhance growth.</p><p> </p><p><strong>JEL: </strong>O16, G21, E51, O55<strong></strong></p><p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0728/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
SOCIO-PRAGMATIC VARIATION IN CAMEROON FRENCH REQUESTS
Authors: Farenkia Bernard Mulo 
Published: March 2024

This study investigated aspects of the requesting behaviour of Cameroonian French speakers. Based on examples produced by 81 French-speaking Cameroonian students, the analysis was devoted to request strategies across three situations, focusing on request strategy types, their linguistic realizations, pragmatic modifiers, as well as variation in the use of request patterns according to degree of familiarity, type of power relationship and type of imposition. The results reveal social variation regarding the frequency and use of direct or indirect request strategies and pragmatic modifiers (internal and external). It was also found that requests were predominantly introduced with attention-getters and/or greetings and that nominal address terms were used to soften or aggravate requests across the three situations.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0759/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
THE THOUGHT OF "INNER SAGE, OUTER KING" IN LE THANH TONG'S POEM PHONG NIEN IN VIETNAMESE MEDIEVAL LITERATURE
Authors: Trung Nguyen Van 
Published: March 2024

<p>Confucianism was introduced to Vietnam very early and its influence on Vietnamese society is relatively comprehensive. In Confucian philosophy, “inner sage, outer king” are considered an important ideological core, and are also the highest goal of self-cultivation for each Confucian scholar. Le Thanh Tong was a king who promoted Confucianism. He brought Confucianism to a unique position in Vietnamese feudal society during the Quang Thuan and Hong Duc periods. When absorbing the influence of Confucian ideology, Le Thanh Tong also thoroughly understood the content of "inner sage, outer king", thereby reflecting it through his compositions. <em>Quynh Uyen Cuu Ca</em> is known as a collection of poems including 9 excellent Chinese poems by Le Thanh Tong, and is also a very valuable poetic heritage of the author. In it, each poem expresses his views on the times, literature, and art. The thought of “inner sage, outer king” is expressed quite clearly by the author in this collection of poems. Although it does not cover all 9 poems, every time it is mentioned, the author emphasizes and boldly depicts it. The first poem and also typical for this thought is the poem <em>Phong Nien</em>.</p><p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0014/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
IMPACTS OF SOCIAL MEDIA INFLUENCERS ON CONSUMER BEHAVIOR: A CASE STUDY IN DAVAO CITY, PHILIPPINES
Authors: Soria Nickler John 
Published: March 2024

<p>The researcher aims to understand how the public perceives advertisements and the influence of social media influencers on consumer behavior in Davao City, Philippines. By using a quantitative research approach, they conducted a questionnaire survey using a snowball sampling method, involving 156 respondents, mainly cyber-consumers aged 17 and above. The study discovered that online word-of-mouth advertising significantly impacts consumers' decision-making processes, with social media influencers playing an important role in shaping consumers' views on products. This study adds to existing literature by providing notes on the impact of contemporary advertising and validating the effectiveness of social media influencer marketing in influencing consumer behavior.</p><p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0795/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>