bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
APLIKASI TRICHODERMA SEBAGAI UPAYA PENCEGAHAN BUSUK PANGKAL BATANG DAN BUSUK AKAR PADA BUDIDAYA LADA PERDU DI DESA WIYONO KABUPATEN PESAWARAN
Authors: Safitri Novi , Utoyo Bambang , Usodri Kresna Shifa , Same Made , Fauziah Lu’lu’ Kholidah 
Published: February 2025

Desa Wiyono, termasuk desa yang penduduknya memiliki mata pencaharian sebagai petani. Sebesar 69,8% lahan di Desa Wiyono digunakan untuk pertanian, 28,61% digunakan untuk pemukiman serta perdagangan dan jasa, dan 0,68% digunakan untuk jalan. Berdasarkan hasil survei dan diskusi dengan kelompok tani dan masyarakat Desa Wiyono, mereka mendapatkan lada sebagai hasil kerja sama antara Dinas Pertanian Provinsi dengan pihak perkebunan dan pemerintah setempat. Hasil temuan di lapangan hampir 40% tanaman lada khususnya lada perdu yang dibudidayakan oleh petani mitra mengalami patah bagian pangkal batang dan busuk di seluruh bagian tanaman. Hal tersebut disebabkan oleh adanya serangan penyakit busuk pangkal batang dan busuk akar yang menyerang tanaman lada. Oleh karena itu, petani mengingkan solusi yang berkelanjutan dalam penanganan budidaya lada khususnya lada perdu untuk pengelolaan hama dan penyakit tanaman. Berdasarkan hal tersebut maka tim pengabdian Polinela melakukan fokus dalam pengelolaan penyakit yang ramah lingkungan dengan menerapkan tindakan preventif melalui penggunaan agen hayati Trichoderma. Hal ini tentu perlu dilakukan pendampingan dalam penerapan inovasi atau teknologi tersebut. Tim Pengusul kegiatan telah merancang metode kegiatan yang akan diterapkan dengan cara penyuluhan, demonstrasi, pelatihan, konsultasi, dan bimbingan, serta evaluasi. Penyuluhan yang dilakukan dengan menjabarkan dan memberi wawasan tentang pentingnya agen hayati Trichoderma dalam pengendalian penyakit selama proses budidaya lada perdu.
USAHA PENINGKATAN PENDAPATAN ANGGOTA KWT MAKMUR JAYA MELALUI AGRIBISNIS TANAMAN ROSELA DAN LIDAH BUAYA DI KECAMATAN RAJABASA
Authors: Humaidi Edy , Unteawati Bina , Anggraini Nuni , Kertayoga I Putu Ajie Windu , Kusmaria Kusmaria 
Published: February 2025

Kelompok Wanita Tani (KWT) merupakan suatu wadah yang memberikan kesempatan bagi kaum perempuan untuk ikut andil dalam memajukan sektor pertanian. KWT digunakan sebagai sarana guna kelancaran kegiatan pembinaan kepada petani untuk peningkatan kualitas sumber daya petani wanita.
KWT Makmur Jaya memiliki anggota sebanyak 30 orang dan telah mayoritas anggota KWT merupakan ibu-ibu yang mempunyai waktu luang dan lahan pekarangan yang belum termanfaatkan untuk kegiatan ekonomis, sehingga perlu adanya penyuluhan guna meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu-ibu KWT untuk memanfaatkan lahan pekarangan yang bernilai ekonomis, serta pengolahan produk turunannya guna meningkatkan pendapatan rumah tangga, salah satu nya setelah penyuluhan dilakukan pendampingan dan pelatihan membuat produk olahan dari tanaman rosela dan lidah buaya.
Kegiatan PKM dilaksanakan di Rumah ketua KWT Makmur Jaya, hasil kegiatan ini terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan anggota KWT dalam pengolahan tanaman rosela dan lidah buaya, serta produk olahan dari komoditi ini akan dijadikan komoditi unggulan sebagai sumber pendapatan KWT.
BIMTEK BUDIDAYA DAN MARKETING IKAN LELE DENGAN TEKNOLOGI BIOFLOK DI PONDOK PESANTREN MARDHIYATUL QOMARIYAH PESAWARAN
Authors: Aprilia Tulas , Rakhmawati Rakhmawati , Bokau RJM , Fitri A , Nursandi Juli , Marlina E 
Published: February 2025

Pondok pesantren (ponpes) Mardhiyatul Qomariyah merupakan salah satu ponpes terbaik di Kabupaten Pesawaran, Lampung. Tepatnya terletak di Desa Tanjungrejo, Kecamatan Negeri Katon, Kabupaten Pesawaran, Lampung Selatan. Topografi Desa Tanjungrejo merupakan dataran rendah dan landai dengan tinggi rata- rata 200 m dari permukaan laut sehingga cocok untuk kegiatan budidaya ikan. Seperti pondok pesantren pada umumnya, kegiatan ponpes adalah sekolah agama dan kegiatan berwirausaha seperti bertani, berkebun, bercocok tanam, dan beternak. Kurangnya pengetahuan dan ketrampilan pengurus pondok terkait bidang budidaya perikanan dan teknik pemasaran online mendorong pengurus mengajukan inisiatif untuk meminta akademisi melakukan kegiatan pengabdian. Kegiatan pengabdian yang dilakukan antara lain sosialisasi budidaya ikan lele dengan teknologi bioflok, praktek membuat kolam bulat dari terpal, praktek teknik budidaya ikan lele dengan teknologi bioflok, dan penyuluhan teknik marketing untuk mencapai pasar yang lebih luas. Peserta yang terdiri dari para santri dan pengurus ponpes sangat antusias dan ikut aktif pada setiap kegiatan. Bimbingan teknis budidaya ikan lele dengan sistem bioflok telah mampu meningkatkan motivasi, wawasan, dan keterampilan para santri Pondok Pesantren Mardhiaytul Qomariyah Pesawaran terkait budidaya ikan lele pada lahan terbatas.
PEMBUATAN MODEL CETAKAN PENGECORAN ALUMUNIUM SEBAGAI ALAT PENUNJANG PRAKTIKUM MAHASISWA
Authors: Subarjo Subarjo , Triwidodo Triwidodo , Setiawan Feni 
Published: February 2025

Pengecoran logam merupakan metode yang banyak digunakan untuk memproduksi peralatan atau benda teknik serta benda untuk kehidupan sehari-hari. Pada proses pengecoran diperlukan cetakan yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan. Bahan cetakan bermacam-macam ada dari pasir, tanah liat, gipsum dan juga dari logam. Berbagai macam variasi cetakan digunakan dalam proses pengecoran, salah satunya pasir ini umum digunakan dalam dunia industri. Kemudian ada logam yang memebrikan hasil lebih halus. Keterampilan dengan praktek langsung ini mahasiswa siap berkompetisi di dunia kerja atau berwirausaha. Guna mencapai maksud tersebut, Politeknik memberikan pengalaman belajar dan praktek untuk membentuk kemampuan profesional di bidang ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membuat model cetakan pengecoran alumunium untuk praktikum mahasiswa. Hasil pengujian didapatkan bahwa cetakan model C yang mempunyai demensi yang terbaik. Waktu dan suhu pendinginan yang terbaik pada cetakan model A. Model cetakan A, B dan C dapat digunakan untuk penunjang praktikum mahasiswa.
EYE-TRACKING LITERACY EFFECTS IN FACE AND GRAPHISM RECOGNITION IN A NON-WEIRD POPULATION: THE KARAJA OF CENTRAL BRAZIL
Authors: França Aniela Improta , Maia Marcus 
Published: February 2025

This is an eye-tracking study of participants from a Brazilian indigenous ethnic group, Karajá, to measure the impact that reading may pose onto prior implicitly developed cognitions. We compared unschooled illiterate and literate participants concerning their eye gaze to: (i) faces of Karaja , other indigenous and non-indigenous people; and also (ii) graphemes and (iii) graphisms produced by Karaja, other indigenous and western artists. Our findings suggest that literacy significantly affects the processing of faces: overcoming the left-right invariance, literate participants exhibit a more symmetric visual inspection of the faces (but not of graphics) than the illiterate ones, who do not necessarily inspect both sides of the faces, presenting average fixation times and fixation counts significantly higher on the right side of the faces. Moreover, literacy seems to somehow indirectly reinforce the own race bias: literate Karaja correctly identified the faces of their own ethnic group in 85% of cases, while the illiterates were correct in only 65% of trials. All in all, the findings brought about a less dogmatic examination of the interplay between cognitive and cultural factors in non-WEIRD populations, which offer the field an analytic framework in which these factors can be more harmoniously modulated to explain nature/nurture effects. The results allowed us to recast leading ideas in the field, concerning bottom-up algorithms and top-down heuristics which may have the potential to indicate that the relatively new area of studies on non-WEIRD societies should be taken seriously as a seminal source of explorations about deep longstanding concerns in the nature/nurture debate.
Pulmonary extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma: A clinicopathological analysis of five patients
Authors: Li Qing , Zhang Yunxiao , Sun Hui , Wang Xue , Wu Di 
Published: February 2025

Objective:
Our goal was to investigate the clinicopathological features of extranodal natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL).

Material and Methods:
A total of five newly identified (5 biopsy samples) untreated cases of pulmonary ENKTL were collected between January 2016 and January 2024. The clinical characteristic pathology features on hematoxylin-eosin-staining sections, immunohistochemistry stating, treatment responses, and prognoses were retrospectively analyzed.

Results:
Among the five patients, four were male and one was female, and their ages varied between 48 and 63 years. All five patients were initially diagnosed with stage IV disease. Histological examination revealed either scattered or localized clusters of highly pleomorphic tumor lymphocytes associated with necrosis and a significant presence of inflammatory cells. Most tumor cells expressed cluster of differentiation (CD)3, T-cell intracellular antigen-1, and granzyme B, whereas there was an absence of CD20, CD79a, or CD5 expression. The expression of CD56 was detected in four out of the five patients. Only two patients were tested for programmed cell death ligand 1, with one out of two patients exhibiting positivity (Tumor Proportion Score (TPS) 80%). The Ki-67 proliferation index varied from 40% to 90%. All patients tested positive for Epstein– Barr virus-encoded ribonucleic acid (RNA) (EBER) through fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Five of the patients died during follow-up. Four of these patients underwent standard chemotherapy, with survival durations ranging from 3 to 24 months. One patient received only supportive treatment, resulting in a survival time of 1 month.

Conclusion:
Pulmonary ENKTL is an uncommon, aggressive cancer associated with a bleak prognosis. The likelihood of misdiagnosis is high because of the presence of necrotic lesions and various cell types. Accurate diagnosis relies heavily on immunohistochemistry and EBER FISH. The aim of our study was to facilitate improved diagnosis of pulmonary ENKTL and to identify treatment strategies for affected individuals.
Severe early childhood caries among young children and its association with behavioural factors: A hospital-based cross-sectional study
Authors: SINGH BEENU , BANSAL KALPANA , DEVI K. PAVITHRA , MATHUR VIJAY PRAKASH , TEWARI NITESH , SHARMA RENU 
Published: February 2025

Background
Several risk factors have been associated with early childhood caries (ECC). However, conclusive data are not available about the socio-demographic and behavioural factors which are associated with severe ECC (S-ECC). We assessed the severity and pattern of ECC in young children. We also looked for association of S-ECC with various sociobehavioural risk factors in a hospital-based setting.

Methods
We included 200 children, 1–6 years old, who reported with dental caries to a paediatric dental outpatient in a tertiary care hospital. Information about socio-demographics and various behavioural factors was recorded in a structured proforma using an interview method. The American Academy of Paediatric Dentistry (AAPD) criteria were used for categorizing children into ECC and severe ECC groups (S-ECC). Qualitative variables were analysed by chi-square test. Multiple logistic regression analysis was done to find the predictors of severe S-ECC. All statistical tests were done at a significance level of p<0.05.

Results
The majority of children (85%) had S-ECC and anterior-posterior (AP) caries pattern (77%). A significant association was found between the age of the child (p<0.001), absence of siblings (p=0.009), continuation of bottle feed or mother’s milk till the age of reporting to the hospital (p=0.007), frequency of night-time feed (p=0.048) and S-ECC.

Conclusions
A continued habit of milk feed from bottle/mother till the time of dental visit seeking treatment and night time-feeds more than twice had a significant association with S-ECC.
Objective structured practical examination (OSPE) for formative assessment of medical undergraduates in Biochemistry
Authors: SUNEJA SHILPA , KAUR CHARANJEET 
Published: February 2025

Background
Assessment is a process that includes ascertainment of improvement in students’ performance over time, motivation of students to study, evaluation of teaching methods and ranking of students. Despite the new competency-based medical education, assessment remains a largely untouched aspect. Most medical colleges still follow the conventional practical examination (CPE) methods that raise concerns about examiner variability, standardisation, and assessment uniformity. Objective structured practical examination (OSPE) includes objective testing through direct observation, knowledge assessment, comprehension, and skills. We studied the feasibility and acceptability of OSPE as a method of formative assessment of practical skills in biochemistry and to determine faculty and student perception of OSPE as an assessment tool.

Methods
Phase 1 MBBS students of the 2020–21 batch of Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, were divided into two groups of 85 students each. The first group was assessed for Competency-1 through CPE and the second group was assessed for the same competency through OSPE. These students were then crossed over. The first group was now assessed for Competency-2 through OSPE and the second through CPE for the same competency. The process was repeated for the third and fourth competencies. Thus, two crossovers were performed with four OSPEs and their corresponding CPEs. The mean scores of the students were compared using both assessment methods, using an unpaired student ‘t’ test. Bland–Altman analysis was done to compare differences between OSPE and CPE. Student and faculty feedback was collected on a 5-point Likert scale for close-ended questions, and a thematic analysis of open-ended questions was done.

Results
When assessed with OSPE, students’ mean scores were found to be significantly higher (p<0.001) than CPE. Cronbach alpha of the questions administered had high internal consistency with a score of 0.83 for students and 0.89 for the faculty.

Conclusion
OSPE can be used for formative assessments in undergraduate medical students in biochemistry as it is feasible and acceptable to both students and faculty and brings a level of objectivity and structure to the assessment process.
Evaluation of online active learning strategies in first year medical students
Authors: DARA PADMAJA , MOPURI RAMADEVI , A. SUJATHARANI 
Published: February 2025

Background
Didactic lectures form a large part of the teaching–learning process in medical education. To impart competency-based medical education (CBME) in the Covid-19 pandemic there was a shift to online learning. This pedagogical change would likely impact the efficacy of student learning outcomes. Several studies have shown that learning outcomes and knowledge retention increase considerably when lectures are interactive. However, the efficacy of online teaching with active learning strategies has not been studied.

Methods
At the Department of Biochemistry, Osmania Medical College, Hyderabad, we did this study with 203 first year MBBS students. Five sessions were conducted on the topic of ‘Enzymology’ with appropriate active learning methods. Each lecture session was preceded and followed by a test, which included multiple-choice questions (MCQs) and brief note questions (BNQs). Feedback of students, was recorded on the 5-point Likert scale from strongly agree to strongly disagree.

Results
The majority of students felt that answering questions in the pre-test required substantial effort compared to the post-test. The case scenarios included in the pre-test had a positive impact on the curiosity of students. The activities as part of self-directed learning were interesting, and enhanced understanding and retention. They felt lectures without pre-and post-tests were less efficacious and thus should be continued in all the classes.

Conclusion
Online lectures without pre-and post-test model were less efficacious. Online teaching, coupled with active learning increased interest and the understanding capacity of students.
ЭКОЛОГО-ХОЗЯЙСТВЕННЫЙ БАЛАНС ЛОКАЛЬНОЙ ТЕРРИТОРИИ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ ДОЛИНЫ РЕКИ ВЯЗ В ГОРОДЕ ВЫСОКОВСК МОСКОВСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ)
Authors: Подрубный Д.Г. , Кулаков А.П. 
Published: February 2025

Малые города России сталкиваются с рядом социально-экономических, демографических, инфраструктурных и других проблем, которые препятствуют устойчивому развитию. Для реализации программы устойчивого развития малых городов России необходимо учитывать природный потенциал таких территорий, составляющий основу экологического каркаса малого города. Цель работы заключается в оценке эколого-хозяйственного баланса локальной территории с учетом антропогенной нагрузки на примере долины реки Вяз в городе Высоковск Московской области. Оценка производится расчетом коэффициентов абсолютной и относительной антропогенной преобразованности, а также естественной защищенности ненарушенных или слабонарушенных ландшафтов. С помощью дистанционного дешифрирования космических снимков определены категории земель, дана оценка их состояния. С помощью геоинформационных методов рассчитано соотношение территории каждой категории земель к общей площади рассматриваемой территории. Построена карта-схема категорий земель и их распределение по территории долины реки Вяз в городе Высоковск. Выделены подкатегории земель долины реки. Как результат, подведены итоги состояния эколого-хозяйственного баланса и экологического фонда территории, выявлены наиболее уязвимые участки и основные рекреационные зоны, рациональное использование которых способно повысить устойчивость территории.
Small towns in Russia face a number of socio-economic, demographic, infrastructural and other problems that hinder sustainable development. To implement the program of sustainable development of small towns in Russia, it is necessary to take into account the natural potential of such territories which forms the basis of the ecological framework of small town. The purpose of the work is to assess the ecological and economic balance of the local territory, taking into account the anthropogenic load, using the example of the Vyaz River valley in the town of Vysokovsk, Moscow Oblast. The assessment is carried out by calculating the coefficients of absolute and relative anthropogenic transformation, as well as the natural protection of undisturbed or slightly intact landscapes. With the help of remote decoding of satellite images, the categories of lands were determined and their condition was assessed. The ratio of the territory of each land category to the total area of the territory under consideration is calculated using geoinformation methods. A schematic map of land categories and their distribution over the territory of the Vyaz River valley in the town of Vysokovsk is constructed. The subcategories of the lands of the Vyaz River valley are highlighted. As a result, the outcomes of the state of the ecological and economic balance and the ecological fund of the territory are summarized, the most vulnerable areas and the main recreational areas are identified, the rational use of which can increase the stability of the territory.
ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННО-ВРЕМЕННАЯ ИЗМЕНЧИВОСТЬ ХИМИЧЕСКОГО СОСТАВА ВОДЫ РЕКИ МАЛКА В НИЖНЕМ ТЕЧЕНИИ
Authors: Шамарина М.А. , Кондратьева Н.В. , Квашин В.А. 
Published: February 2025

Актуальность. Изучение гидрохимического состава реки Малка в нижнем течении необходимо для выявления закономерностей распределения веществ в природных комплексах, сформировавшихся на данной территории. Цель работы - изучить годовую динамику химического состава воды реки Малка в нижнем течении. Методы исследования. По стандартным методикам проводили анализ проб воды из трёх пунктов отбора, расположенных до и после впадения притока - реки Баксан, и в устье реки Малка перед её впадением в реку Терек. Результаты работы. Изучена пространственно-временная изменчивость: температуры, прозрачности, водородного показателя, минерализации, жесткости, перманганатной окисляемости воды реки Малка в нижнем течении. Определены ежемесячные концентрации: гидрокарбонатов, хлоридов, сульфатов, нитритов, нитратов и соединений железа. Среднегодовые значения минерализации и жесткости воды исследуемого объекта характеризуют её как среднеминерализованную воду средней жесткости. Обнаружено превышение ПДК сульфатов, нитритов и соединений железа. Установлено, что на химический состав и экологическое состояние реки Малка в устьевой части оказывает влияние приток первого порядка - река Баксан. Показано, что химический состав воды реки Малка в нижнем течении взаимосвязан с уровенным и термическим режимами, подвержен влиянию антропогенных факторов.
Relevance: the study of the hydrochemical composition of the Malka River in the lower reaches is necessary to identify patterns of distribution of substances in natural complexes formed in this area. Goal - investigation into the intra-annual dynamics of the ion-salt composition of Malka River water in its lower reaches. Research methods. According to standard methods, water samples were analyzed from three sampling points located before and after the confluence of the tributary, the Baksan River, and at the mouth of the Malka River before its confluence with the Terek River. Results of the work and discussion. The spatial and temporal variability of temperature, transparency, pH, mineralization, hardness, permanganate oxidability of the Malka River water in the lower reaches has been studied. Monthly concentrations of: bicarbonates, chlorides, sulfates, nitrites, nitrates and iron compounds were determined. The average annual values of mineralization and hardness of the water of the studied object characterize it as medium mineralized water of medium hardness. The maximum permissible concentration of sulfates, nitrates and iron compounds was found. It has been established that the chemical composition and ecological state of the Malka River in the estuary is influenced by a tributary of the first order - the Baksan River. It is shown that the chemical composition of the water of the Malka River in the lower reaches is interconnected with the level and thermal regimes, and is influenced by anthropogenic factors.