bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subsurface Thermophysical Properties of Europa’s Leading and Trailing Hemispheres as Revealed by ALMA
Authors: Thelen Alexander E. , de Kleer Katherine , Camarca Maria , Akins Alex , Gurwell Mark , Butler Bryan , de Pater Imke 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We present best-fit values of porosity—and the corresponding effective thermal inertiae—determined from three different depths in Europa’s near-subsurface (∼1–20 cm). The porosity of the upper ∼20 cm of Europa’s subsurface varies between 75% and 50% (Γeff ≈ 50–140 J m−2 K−1 s−1/2) on the leading hemisphere and 50%–40% (Γeff ≈ 140–180 J m−2 K−1 s−1/2) on the trailing hemisphere. Residual maps produced by comparison with these models reveal thermally anomalous features that cannot be reproduced by globally homogeneous porosity models. These regions are compared to Europa’s surface terrain and known compositional variations. We find that some instances of warm thermal anomalies are co-located with known geographical or compositional features on both the leading and trailing hemisphere; cool temperature anomalies are well correlated with surfaces previously observed to contain pure, crystalline water ice and the expansive rays of Pwyll crater. Anomalous regions correspond to locations with subsurface properties different from those of our best-fit models, such as potentially elevated thermal inertia, decreased emissivity, or more porous regolith. We also find that ALMA observations at ∼3 mm sound below the thermal skin depth of Europa (∼10–15 cm) for a range of porosity values, and thus do not exhibit features indicative of diurnal variability or residuals similar to other frequency bands. Future observations of Europa at higher angular resolution may reveal additional locations of variable subsurface thermophysical properties, while those at other wavelengths will inform our understanding of the regolith compaction length and the effects of external processes on the shallow subsurface.
Des forêts suisses à Wikipédia
Authors: Shulz Sébastien 
Published: February 2024

Cet article met au jour les facteurs socio-historiques qui ont contribué à la circulation de la théorie des communs autogouvernés depuis le monde universitaire proche de l’École de Bloomington jusqu’au monde Internet. Au croisement d’une sociologie historique des sciences et d’une histoire sociale des idées, nous montrons que cette circulation peut se comprendre par l’existence d’« affinités électives » et de « passeurs multipositionnés » opérant un travail de traduction entre ces deux mondes sociaux.
Chapitre 6. Des éthiques collectives à une gestion adaptative des conflits organisationnels
Authors: Leblanc A.Boudreau , Williams-Jones B. 
Published: February 2024

L’idée d’une gouvernance collaborative gagne en popularité. Cependant, comment être véritablement collaboratif ? Les systèmes de prises de décision diversifiés en intervenants doivent composer avec des parties prenantes aux positions, aux rôles, aux intérêts, aux missions, aux observations et aux valeurs différents. Par sa formule facile d’utilisation pour les éthicien·ne·s professionnel·le·s, l’outil de bioéthique co P·R·I·M·O·V ( Position, Rôle, Intérêt, Mission, Observation, Valeurs ) vise à améliorer la pratique des initiatives technosociales pour un développement durable, collaboratif et démocratique. L’outil reprend la logique d’analyse des conflits d’intérêts (CI) issue des cadres en éthique organisationnelle. Les CI, comme unité analytique en éthique, permettent d’anticiper et de gérer les problèmes pouvant compromettre à court et à long termes les activités d’un programme et sa gouvernance. L’outil a été construit à la suite d’une étude de cas sur la mise en œuvre d’un monitorage de l’utilisation des antibiotiques en santé animale au Québec, Canada. L’usage de cet outil de bioéthique est stratégique et aide à la négociation des positions, puis à la coconstruction d’un référentiel commun entre les parties prenantes en vue de préparer le terrain à une gouvernance collaborative favorisant la coopération.
Harmonious, Africanised, and Modern Employment Relations model in strategic Employment Relations
Authors: Mabaso Calvin , Lesabe Face , Govender Cookie 
Published: February 2024

Orientation: With the world increasingly becoming a global village and many multi-national enterprises exploring African markets, the question of integrating indigenous traditions into employment relations (ER) systems and practices has become topical in the ER field.Research purpose: This study investigated the integration of African traditions, perspectives and indigenous wisdom in modern ER.Motivation for the study: There is a limited integration of indigenous wisdom in ER practices. The study examine how African perspectives can be further developed to align with and contribute to current and future workplace trends.Research approach/design and method: A qualitative research approach was adopted in this study to understand the prevailing workplace dynamics and how an Africanised ER perspective can add value to the workplace. Grounded theory was used as the primary research strategy to support the design of this study. Using semi-structured interviews, a purposive sampling method was used to collect data from 12 participants. Thematic analysis was used to analyse and make sense of the collected data.Main findings: The findings show three themes associated with the development of Harmonious, Africanised and Modern Employment Relations (HAMER) model, namely, organisational anxiety, organisational unity and strategic leadership. The findings indicated that incorporating indigenous knowledge in ER can improve organisational harmony and relationships in the workplace. The findings also indicated that transforming traditional perspectives to embrace indigenous knowledge requires strong leadership skills and strategic thinking. Most importantly, the study identified a shortage of customised ER content as the main hindrance in the integration process.Practical/managerial implications: The study proposed the adoption of the HAMER model to align current ER trends and requirements to indigenous knowledge. The model focuses on practical ways of integrating harmony and African perspectives in modern ER.Contribution/value-add: First and foremost, the study addressed the shortage of Africanised ER content, including the infrastructure and behaviours required to achieve the integration.
Incidence of Postpartum Depression and Associated Risk Factors in Antenatal Women: A Cohort Study
Authors: Pandey Eshani , Mehta Sumit , Garg Shobit , Panigrahi Sanjibani , Suneja Anmol 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background:
The incidence of postpartum depression (PPD) varies across cultures, regions, and communities, and there are very few studies addressing this issue, henceforth making it difficult to estimate the actual burden of the disease.

Aims:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence and identify potential risk factors for PPD in a cohort of antenatal women.

Methods:
This study conducted in a tertiary hospital included 105 participants in their second or third trimester of pregnancy. Relationship with and support from the family were assessed. The scales applied were the Perceived Stress Scale, Ardell Wellness Stress Scale, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Participants were followed up 4 weeks postnatally. They were asked about the gender of their baby, and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was applied. PPD was evaluated using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition criteria and International Classification of Diseases-10 criteria.

Results:
Of the 105 participants, 6 were lost to follow-up. Among the 99 women, an EPDS score of ≥10 was identified in 17 women who were diagnosed with PPD. The risk factors according to our study were sleep disturbances, state anxiety, stress, and obstetrical complications antenatally and female sex of the newborn. These risk factors are likely to be interactive as well as multiplicative in effect.

Conclusion:
The study shows a high prevalence of PPD in Indian mothers. There is enough evidence suggesting that intervention for PPD is crucial for the care of the mother as well as for the well-being of the infant, hence an integrated approach is required for its screening.
Effectiveness of Online vs. In-Person Periodontal Health Workshops for Public Awareness
Authors: Dixit Arti , Dhanalakshmi P , Rameshchandra Pallavi Tripathi , Chachlani Karina S. , Kukreja Bhavna Jha , Ananya  , Kumar Amit , Badiyani Bhumika Kamal 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Periodontal health is a critical aspect of overall oral health, yet public awareness and education on this topic remain limited. With the increasing prevalence of online health education platforms, it is essential to evaluate the effectiveness of online periodontal health workshops compared with traditional in-person workshops on improving public awareness

Materials and Methods:
Study Design: This randomized controlled trial (RCT) aimed to assess the impact of online and in-person periodontal health workshops on public awareness. Participants (N = 500) were randomly assigned to one of two groups: the online workshop group or the in-person workshop group. Online Workshop: Participants in this group accessed an interactive online periodontal health workshop, consisting of video presentations, animations, and quizzes. The workshop covered topics, such as gum disease prevention, oral hygiene, and the importance of regular dental checkups. In-Person Workshop: Participants in this group attended a traditional in-person periodontal health workshop conducted by dental professionals. The content and duration of this workshop mirrored the online version. Pre- and Postworkshop Assessments: Both groups completed pre-workshop and postworkshop assessments, including a knowledge questionnaire and a self-assessment of oral health habits. Arbitrary scores were assigned to quantify knowledge gain (0–100%).

Results:
Participants in the online workshop group showed a mean knowledge gain of 30% (standard deviation (SD) = 5.2), while those in the in-person workshop group exhibited a mean knowledge gain of 35% (SD = 4.7). The self-assessment of oral health habits indicated an improvement in both groups, with 60% of participants reporting better oral hygiene practices

Conclusion:
Both online and in-person periodontal health workshops demonstrated effectiveness in improving public awareness and promoting better oral health habits. Combining both modalities could be an effective strategy for comprehensive public education on periodontal health.
Invesigate How Cultural and Socioeconomic Factors Influence Oral Cancer Prevention Behaviors, Screening Uptake, and Treatment Outcomes
Authors: Ranjan Madhu , Tushar  , Parekh Nirav Hemant , Dixit Arti , Rakshit Pinaki , Agre Bhagyashree P , Badiyani Bhumika Kamal , Kumar Amit 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Oral cancer is a significant global health issue, with prevention and early detection being pivotal for improved outcomes. This study investigates the impact of cultural and socioeconomic factors on oral cancer prevention behaviors, screening participation, and treatment outcomes

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study design was employed, involving a sample size of 1,000 participants. Participants were recruited through stratified sampling to ensure cultural and socioeconomic diversity. Statistical analyses, including logistic regression, were used to explore associations between factors and outcomes.

Results:
The study revealed multifaceted influences of cultural and socioeconomic factors on oral cancer-related aspects. Cultural factors significantly influenced prevention behaviors, with participants from certain cultural backgrounds exhibiting higher rates of tobacco use and lower rates of dietary adherence). Socioeconomic status played a role in screening uptake, with individuals from lower income brackets less likely to undergo regular screenings

Conclusion:
Cultural and socioeconomic factors have a substantial influence on oral cancer prevention behaviors, screening participation, and treatment outcomes.
A Preliminary Report of Maximum Voluntary Bite Force of Young Indian Population
Authors: Ranjan Madhu , Singh Bishnupati , Kumar Surender , Tushar  , Rani Priya , Singh Anupama 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
The measurement of bite force is increasingly gaining importance in dentistry. This preliminary report evaluates the maximum voluntary bite force (MVBF) of young healthy individuals with normal occlusion and correlates the effect of age and gender with the maximum bite force (MBF)

Materials and Methods:
405 participants in the age group of 18 to 40 years were selected from the outpatient department meeting inclusion and exclusion criteria. MVBF was measured with the help of a digital device called “Byte” at incisors, right first molar, and left first molar region.

Results:
There was a strong correlation between age with bite force. Bite force increased with age. Males had more bite force than females. The posterior region had higher bite force than the anterior region

Conclusion:
Measurement of bite force is very important for every patient undergoing restorative treatment. The “Byte” device was found to be very efficient.
Evaluating the Role of Nanoparticles in Enhancing Bone Regeneration in Dental Implantology
Authors: Sitamahalakshmi K , Abhishek  , Skariah P. George , Preethanath Reghunathan S. , Dubey Samiksha , Dawood Tazeen 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Dental implantology has witnessed substantial progress in recent years, driven by a growing emphasis on optimizing bone regeneration around dental implants. Nanoparticles have emerged as a potential tool for enhancing osseointegration and bone tissue regeneration

Materials and Methods:
This human clinical trial enrolled 60 adult participants requiring dental implants. Patients were randomly assigned to one of two groups: a control group receiving conventional dental implants, and an experimental group receiving dental implants with nanoparticle-coated surfaces. Radiographic imaging, histological analysis of bone biopsies, and implant stability assessments were conducted at three and six months post-implantation.

Results:
Histological examination of bone biopsies revealed a statistically significant increase in new bone formation in the experimental group compared to the control group at both three and six months (P < 0.05). Radiographic assessment demonstrated a 25% higher bone density around nanoparticle-coated implants (P < 0.01) at the six-month mark. Implant stability quotient (ISQ) measurements indicated a 20% greater stability in the experimental group (P < 0.05) at the same time point

Conclusion:
This human clinical trial provides strong evidence that the incorporation of nanoparticles on dental implant surfaces enhances bone regeneration and osseointegration in a human population.
Efficacy of Topical Turmeric, Calendula officinalis, and Tulsi (Ayurvedic Gel) in the Management of Erosive Lichen Planus: A Placebo-Controlled Study
Authors: Srivastava Rahul , Sarkar Saranik , Gupta Prashant , Pradhan Devina , Bagde Hiroj , Dhopte Ashwini 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Chronic mucocutaneous symptoms are a hallmark of lichen planus (LP), an inflammatory disease of the stratified squamous epithelium. The most severe type of mucosal lichen is oral erosive lichen planus (OELP)

Materials and Methods:
Thirty patients were included in this prospective trial, with fifteen patients each assigned to Group A and Group B. Patients were given a choice between a placebo gel and an ayurvedic gel comprising pure turmeric, Calendula officinalis, and tulsi powder in an oral basis. At each appointment, the patients’ reactions to therapy were scored on the Tel Aviv-San Francisco Scale, whereas the degree of the fire was rated using a Visual Analog Scale. Data analysis was carried out using IBM’s Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Insights version 21.

Results:
After receiving ayurvedic gel, patients in Group A reported much less burning than those in Group B (placebo). Group A responded better to therapy overall than Group B

Conclusion:
This study’s findings support the use of an ayurvedic gel made from pure turmeric, Calendula officinalis, and tulsi powder for the treatment of erosive lichen planus.
Efficacy of Laser-Assisted Periodontal Therapy vs Conventional Scaling and Root Planing
Authors: Diwan Alok , Dodani Kiran , Rajpoot Ankur S. , Goswami Pallavi , Soni Varsha R. , Abraham Jilu J. 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
This study compares the effectiveness of laser-assisted periodontal therapy (LAPT) to conventional scaling and root planing (SRP) in the treatment of periodontal disease

Materials and Methods:
Patients with periodontal disease were divided into two groups. One group received LAPT, while the other group underwent conventional SRP. The periodontal parameters, including pocket depth (PD) and clinical attachment level (CAL), were measured before and after the treatments. The data were statistically analyzed using appropriate methods.

Results:
After the treatments, the LAPT group showed a mean reduction in PD of 2.5 mm, while the conventional SRP group had a mean reduction of 2.0 mm. Additionally, the laser group demonstrated a mean improvement in CAL of 1.8 mm, whereas the conventional group showed an improvement of 1.3 mm. These differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05)

Conclusion:
The findings of this study suggest that LAPT may be more effective in reducing PD and improving CAL compared with conventional SRP in the treatment of periodontal disease.
Evaluation of Awareness Toward Various Treatment Options and Maintenance Practices among Removable Partial and Complete Denture Patients in Western Maharashtra – A Questionnaire-Based Study
Authors: Gachake Arti , Sabane Ajay , Kadam Pankaj , Patil Abhijit , Tepan Meenal , Kalsekar Bhagyashri , Puri Anushka 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Researchers must concentrate their focus on whether patients understand various treatment options available among removable complete and partial denture patients and whether they are aware of the maintenance protocol of the prosthesis

Materials and Methods:
All the patients who completed removable partial or complete denture treatment in a period of 6 months were included in the study. Collected data were statistically analyzed using Chi-square test at a significance level of P < 0.05.

Results:
Awareness needs to be increased regarding the treatment options available for removable complete and partial denture treatment causes because many subjects in this study were only aware of the removable partial denture and complete denture treatment for missing teeth and not the other options, especially among individuals in the lower socioeconomic group

Conclusion:
The findings indicate that awareness needs to be increased regarding the functions of prostheses such as esthetics and phonetics because many subjects in this study were only aware of the masticatory function performed by prosthesis.
Comparison of Man Hours Utilized for Mandibluar Overdenture Treatment Retained by Single Implant with Bar Fabricated by CAD-CAM Process and Conventional Casting Processs – An Vivo Study
Authors: Patil Amit , Adsare Prashanti , Raj Pooja , Puranik Shivakumar , Rajender Koineni , Menga Rajesh 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Both the population’s average life expectancy and the number of patients without teeth are rising. A 2012 epidemiological survey in India found that 30% of the population is edentulous. The rehabilitation process with a set of removable maxillary and mandibular complete dentures is the standard treatment for patients who are edentulous. This study is the first to incorporate and compare a novel approach to a single implant-retained mandibular overdenture with a bar attachment fabricated by CAD-CAM and a casting process on a single implant in the symphysis region.

Method:
Five maxillary and mandibular completely edentulous patients were enrolled in the study.

Results:
Significant difference was seen in the conventional laboratory time and CAD-CAM time as P < 0.05

Conclusion:
Compared to the conventional casting process, the single implant-supported bar mandibular overdenture (SISBOD) with a novel bar required fewer man hours and was more convenient.
Mandibular Second Premolar Agenesis: A Retrospective Cross-sectional Study from Palestine
Authors: Arandi Naji Z. , Rabi Tarek 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
This retrospective study aimed to determine the prevalence of congenitally missing mandibular second premolars.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 1,843 radiographs were collected from five different cities in Palestine. Two experienced dentists independently examined the panoramic radiographs and demographic data (age and gender).

Results:
Among the 1,843 radiographs, 1,039 were for females (57.37%) and 804 were for males (43.63%); 13 cases had at least one congenitally mandibular second premolar. The prevalence of congenitally missing mandibular second premolars in the study population was 0.7%. There was no significant association between gender and mandibular second premolar agenesis. Unilateral agenesis was more common than bilateral, and the left side had more cases of congenitally missing mandibular second premolars than the right side.

Conclusions:
The prevalence of congenitally missing mandibular second premolars in this study population was 0.7%, within the range reported in other populations.
Assessment of the Micro-Tensile Strength of the Composites for the Various Antioxidants: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Uppalapati Vishwaja , Antony Jasmine M. , Singh Pratibha , Varghese Tom P. , Dutta Smita D. , Shashank K. , Mustafa Mohammed 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
The application of the antioxidants after the teeth are bleached has been advocated to fasten the restorative process post-bleaching. The motive of this study was to examine and assess the micro-tensile binding strength of bleached enamel to the resin using a variety of antioxidant solutions. Finding the reason for the tooth fracture was the secondary outcome measured.

Materials and Methods:
An in vitro study was planned with 100 human extracted teeth, with 20 in each group with one as controls and 4 others tested for the antioxidants sodium ascorbate, epigallocatechin gallate, chitosan, and proanthocyanidin application. The bond strength of bleached enamel to the resin was well as the failure type was assessed after the values were noted and compared using the ANOVA and Tukey’s methods keeping P < 0.05 as significant.

Results:
Epigallocatechin gallate specimens displayed the maximum micro-tensile bond strength under the investigational circumstances, whereas controls displayed the lowest micro-tensile bond strength. There was statistical alteration in micro-tensile bond strengths between all the groups except between epigallocatechin gallate vs chitosan and sodium ascorbate vs proanthocyanidin. High statistical significance was seen between the control and the antioxidant groups as well as between sodium ascorbate and epigallocatechin gallate and chitosan.

Conclusion:
The antioxidant chemicals significantly augmented the bond strength of bleached enamel to the resin that had been bleached. Also, when compared to the other experimental groups, epigallocatechin gallate and chitosan treatment displayed the greatest mean bond strength values.