bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Complex choices: Pole selection for polarized projective mapping applied to a complex product set
Authors: Jenkins Amy E. A. , Bowen Amy J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPolarized projective mapping (PPM) employs reference samples called poles, positioned in the sensory space, to which samples are compared. This structure enables comparisons across sessions. Selecting the right poles is therefore critical for accurate and reliable comparisons. The current study examined whether simple poles (single fruit juices) or complex poles (fruit juice blends) better represented the sensory space in PPM using a trained panel (n = 12). Thirteen commercial fruit juices, including single juices and blends, were assessed using projective mapping to understand product diversity and select three simple and three complex poles. PPM was then conducted using simple poles in one session and complex poles in another. Six of the thirteen juices used in PPM and three new juices were evaluated to validate the results. Findings indicated that while both simple and complex poles described the product space, simple poles were more able to capture the diversity of the sensory space.Practical ApplicationsThe study's insights into appropriate pole selection in PPM for complex product sets contribute to the technique's usability and robustness. The guidance on pole selection ensures selected poles anchor the product space, enabling meaningful comparisons across sessions. The finding that simple poles are able to describe complex product sets may assist in minimizing fatigue, a common challenge in evaluating complex products like wine, spirits, and cider. By addressing the unique challenges of complex products, this research enhances the useability of PPM as a valuable tool for comprehensively evaluating sensory characteristics in product categories prone to fatigue and limited consumption.
Genomic multidisciplinary teams: A model for navigating genetic mainstreaming and precision medicine
Authors: Ma Alan , Newing Timothy P , O'Shea Rosie , Gokoolparsadh Akira , Murdoch Emma , Hayward Janette , Shannon Gillian , Kevin Lucy , Bennetts Bruce , Ho Gladys , Smith Janine , Shah Margit , Jones Kristi J , Josephi‐Taylor Sarah , Sandaradura Sarah A , Adès Lesley , Jamieson Robyn , Rankin Nicole M 
Published: April 2024

AimRecent rapid advances in genomics are revolutionising patient diagnosis and management of genetic conditions. However, this has led to many challenges in service provision, education and upskilling requirements for non‐genetics health‐care professionals and remuneration for genomic testing. In Australia, Medicare funding with a Paediatric genomic testing item for patients with intellectual disability or syndromic features has attempted to address this latter issue. The Sydney Children's Hospitals Network – Westmead (SCHN‐W) Clinical Genetics Department established Paediatric and Neurology genomic multidisciplinary team (MDT) meetings to address the Medicare‐specified requirement for discussion with clinical genetics, and increasing genomic testing advice requests.MethodsThis SCHN‐W genomic MDT was evaluated with two implementation science frameworks – the RE‐AIM (Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance) and GMIR – Genomic Medicine Integrative Research frameworks. Data from June 2020 to July 2022 were synthesised and evaluated, as well as process mapping of the MDT service.ResultsA total of 205 patients were discussed in 34 MDT meetings, facilitating 148 genomic tests, of which 73 were Medicare eligible. This was equivalent to 26% of SCHN‐W genetics outpatient activity, and 13% of all Medicare‐funded paediatric genomic testing in NSW. 39% of patients received a genetic diagnosis.ConclusionThe genomic MDT facilitated increased genomic testing at a tertiary paediatric centre and is an effective model for mainstreaming and facilitating precision medicine. However, significant implementation issues were identified including cost and sustainability, as well as the high level of resourcing that will be required to scale up this approach to other areas of medicine.
The benefits of gene therapy in people with haemophilia
Authors: Thornburg Courtney D. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHaemophilia is an inherited bleeding disorder which causes significant morbidity and mortality, especially in the severe form. Prophylaxis with factor replacement has high efficacy in reducing bleeding but is limited by the need for frequent intravenous infusion and fluctuations in haemostasis between doses. Additional prophylaxis therapies are being developed which may overcome some of the current treatment barriers. Gene therapy (GT) is being developed to provide a functional cure such that there is sustained factor expression and minimal to no need for additional haemostatic therapy. There are now two approved gene therapies for haemophilia which may be transformative for many individuals. Benefits of GT should go beyond increasing factor activity and reducing bleeding as persons with haemophilia aim to achieve a ‘haemophilia‐free mind’ and health equity with optimal health and well‐being.
Monitoring for liver cancer post‐gene therapy—How much and how often?
Authors: P. de Jong Ype , Jacobson Ira M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has long been recognized as a complication in people with chronic liver disease, particularly those with cirrhosis. Two gene therapies for haemophilia A and B recently approved in Europe and the US utilize adeno‐associated virus (AAV) vectors designed to target hepatocytes. A number of other AAV gene therapies are undergoing clinical investigation for both liver and extrahepatic diseases, many of which likely transduce hepatocytes as well. Although AAV vectors predominantly persist in episomal forms, concerns about insertional mutagenesis have arisen due to findings in pre‐clinical models and in a small subset of human HCC cases featuring wild‐type AAV integrations in proximity to potential oncogenes. Despite the absence of any causative link between AAV vector therapy and HCC in approved extrahepatic gene therapies or haemophilia gene therapy trials, the package inserts for the recently approved haemophilia gene therapies advise HCC screening in subsets of individuals with additional risk factors. In this review, we discuss HCC risk factors, compare various screening modalities, discuss optimal screening intervals, and consider when to initiate and possibly discontinue screening. At this early point in the evolution of gene therapy, we lack sufficient data to make evidence‐based recommendations on HCC screening. While AAV vectors may eventually be shown to be unassociated with risk of HCC, we presently favour a cautious approach that entails regular surveillance until such time as it is hopefully proven to be unnecessary.
Origin of a polymict, mega‐clast‐bearing impact breccia in the crater floor of Wetumpka Impact Structure, Elmore County, Alabama: Insights from surface outcrops and a drill core
Authors: Chinchalkar Neeraja S. , King David T. , Hames Willis E. 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACTWetumpka impact structure is a Late Cretaceous, marine‐target impact crater of about 5 km diameter. The apparent crater rim is mostly made of crystalline local basement, and the apparent crater floor consists of a mixed sediments of target lithology. These sediments are the provenance of the crater‐filling impactite sands, overlying trans‐crater slide unit, and the capping polymict impact breccia deposit, often referred to by previous workers as “central polymict breccia.” The unit has been known to contain elongated mega‐clasts of up to tens of meters in size. This study attempted to understand the mode of emplacement of this polymict breccia, which occurs in some places on the apparent crater floor and resembles a polymict proximal ejecta deposit. This work also reports the first documentation of rare, potential impact spherules in the polymict impact breccia, interpreted to be a part of distal ejecta. The presence of large, decimeter‐sized clasts in the breccia can be best explained by the movement of overturned rim flap forming part of proximal ejecta from the crater rim to the apparent crater floor during early modification stage of impact cratering. Our work highlights the bimodal clast size distribution of the polymict breccia, and so we propose that the term “mega‐clast‐bearing impact breccia” be used for this unit. We attribute a generally steep orientation of the decameter sized clasts to primary imbrication during emplacement. The emplacement of this breccia is interpreted as associated with the ejecta emplacement process that occurred before the return of marine resurge.
Ries magnetic mineralogy: Exploring impact and post‐impact evolution of crater magnetism
Authors: Mendes Bruno Daniel Leite , Kontny Agnes , Dudzisz Katarzyna , Wilke Franziska D. H. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractLarge‐scale impact events are some of the most catastrophic and instantaneous geological processes in nature, and leave in their wake conspicuous geological structures with characteristic magnetic anomalies. Despite magnetic anomalies in craters being well‐documented, their relationship with the magnetic mineral composition of the target and impactites is not always straightforward. Furthermore, the influence of impact shock and post‐impact events in the magnetism of natural craters remains elusive. In the Ries crater, Germany, the negative magnetic anomalies are attributed to a reverse polarity remanent magnetization in the impact‐melt bearing lithologies. We report new chemical, rock‐, and mineral‐magnetic data from the shocked basement and impactites, from surface samples, NR73 and SUBO‐18 boreholes, and explore how temperature and hydrothermalism may influence the magnetic mineralogy in the crater. We identified shocked, pure magnetite in the basement, and low‐cation substituted magnetite in the impactites as the main magnetic carriers. The shocked basement is demagnetized but remains largely unaltered by post‐impact hydrothermalism, while the impactites show weak magnetization and are extensively altered by neutral‐to‐reducing post‐impact hydrothermalism. We suggest that the magnetic mineralogy of the demagnetized uplifted basement may contribute significantly to the magnetic anomaly variation, in line with recent findings from the Chicxulub peak‐ring.
Data‐driven out‐of‐order model for synchronized planning, scheduling, and execution in modular construction fit‐out management
Authors: Jiang Yishuo , Li Mingxing , Ma Benedict Jun , Zhong Ray Y. , Huang George Q. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractFit‐out operations in modular construction exhibit unique features, such as limited room space and diversely distributed operations in the building. These features pose significant challenges to planning, scheduling, and execution (PSE) of fit‐out activities due to operational parallelism, distributional diversity, and narrower constrained time window in modular construction. Hence, logistics‐operation and multi‐operations synchronizations in a real‐time manner are crucial for PSE of modular construction fit‐out management. With the support of cutting‐edge information technologies, the real‐time data inside the generated digital twins can simplify online optimization models and convert stochastic factors into deterministic parameters. This paper formulates a novel real‐time data‐driven Out‐of‐Order (OoO) model for synchronized PSE in modular construction fit‐out management. Drawing inspiration from OoO mechanism in Central Processing Unit (CPU), a real‐time data‐driven and rolling‐horizon‐based OoO model is proposed for PSE of modular construction fit‐out, employing a forward heuristic algorithm for solution. Time–space–state data from digital twins are updated to facilitate dynamic decision‐making of managers. Through stochastic computational experiments, we demonstrate the effectiveness of OoO model in optimizing project metrics and the improved resilience in uncertain environments.
Geometric morphometrics to differentiate species and explore seasonal variation in three Mansonia species (Diptera: Culicidae) in central Thailand and their association with meteorological factors
Authors: Laojun Sedthapong , Changbunjong Tanasak , Abdulloh Arina , Chaiphongpachara Tanawat 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMansonia mosquito species are recognised as a significant vector of human pathogens, primarily transmitting the filarial nematode, Brugia malayi. In central Thailand, the three most prevalent Mansonia species are Mansonia annulifera, Mansonia indiana and Mansonia uniformis. This study explored the influence of seasonal changes on the phenotypic variation of these Mansonia species in central Thailand using the geometric morphometrics (GM). To ensure accurate species identification, we integrated GM techniques with DNA barcoding, examining distinctions in both phenotype and genotype among the species. The intraspecific genetic divergence ranged from 0.00% to 1.69%, whereas the interspecific genetic divergence ranged from 10.52% to 16.36%. The clear distinction between intra‐ and interspecific distances demonstrated the presence of a barcoding gap, confirming the successful differentiation of the three Mansonia mosquito species through DNA barcoding. Similarly, the interspecies GM assessment for classifying Mansonia species demonstrated a high degree of accuracy, with an overall performance of 98.12%. Exploring seasonal variation in the three Mansonia species revealed wing variations across different seasons, and pronounced variations appearing in the cool season. Regarding their association with meteorological factors, Ma. annulifera and Ma. uniformis showed significant positive correlations with temperature (p < 0.05), and Ma. uniformis also displayed a significant negative correlation with atmospheric pressure (p < 0.05). The insights from this study will deepen our understanding of the adaptive patterns of Mansonia mosquitoes in Thailand's central region, paving the way for enhanced disease surveillance related to these vectors.
Adult brain tumour research in 2024: Status, challenges and recommendations
Authors: Purshouse Karin , Bulbeck Helen J. , Rooney Alasdair G. , Noble Karen E. , Carruthers Ross D. , Thompson Gerard , Hamerlik Petra , Yap Christina , Kurian Kathreena M. , Jefferies Sarah J. , Lopez Juanita S. , Jenkinson Michael D. , Hanemann C. Oliver , Stead Lucy F. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn 2015, a groundswell of brain tumour patient, carer and charity activism compelled the UK Minister for Life Sciences to form a brain tumour research task and finish group. This resulted, in 2018, with the UK government pledging £20m of funding, to be paralleled with £25m from Cancer Research UK, specifically for neuro‐oncology research over the subsequent 5 years. Herein, we review if and how the adult brain tumour research landscape in the United Kingdom has changed over that time and what challenges and bottlenecks remain. We have identified seven universal brain tumour research priorities and three cross‐cutting themes, which span the research spectrum from bench to bedside and back again. We discuss the status, challenges and recommendations for each one, specific to the United Kingdom.
‘Acceleration’ of the food delivery marketplace: Perspectives of local authority professionals in the North‐East of England on temporary COVID regulations
Authors: Bradford Callum P. J. , O'Malley Claire L. , Moore Helen J. , Gray Nick , Townshend Tim G. , Chang Michael , Mathews Claire , Lake Amelia A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn January 2021, we assessed the implications of temporary regulations in the United Kingdom allowing pubs and restaurants to operate on a takeaway basis without instigating a change of use. Local authorities (LAs) across the North‐East of England were unaware of any data regarding the take‐up of these regulations, partially due to ongoing capacity issues; participants also raised health concerns around takeaway use increasing significantly. One year on, we repeated the study aiming to understand the impact of these regulations on the policy and practice of key professional groups. Specifically, we wanted to understand if LAs were still struggling with staff capacity to address the regulations, whether professionals still had public health trepidations, and if any unexpected changes had occurred across the local food environment because of the pandemic. We conversed with 16 public health professionals, planners and environmental health officers across seven LAs throughout the North‐East of England via focus groups and interviews. Data collated were analysed via an inductive and semantic, reflexive‐thematic approach. Through analysis of the data, three themes were generated and are discussed throughout: popular online delivery services as a mediator to increased takeaway usage; potential long‐term health implications and challenges; continued uncertainty regarding the temporary regulations. This paper highlights important changes to local food environments, which public health professionals should be aware of, so they are better equipped to tackle health inequalities across urban and sub‐urban areas.
Emergency management through enduring collaborative networks: Lessons on phases and levels
Authors: Røiseland Asbjørn , Trætteberg Håkon Solbu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis article explores the conditions that underpin networks as enduring collaborative relationships. To identify key features that sustain long‐term collaboration, we use the Norwegian system of emergency management as our empirical case. Norway is characterized by the important role played by volunteers and voluntary organizations as partners to the police in search and rescue operations. In particular, the article focuses on two possible explanations for the endurability of these networks: the broad involvement of volunteers in the different phases and the role of intermediaries. The article concludes that intermediaries can compensate for a lack of broad involvement, which may be particularly relevant for emergency management where many different resources have to be mobilized in a short time span and in a fashion that enables fluid interaction. This finding is a reminder that both phases and levels need to be explored in empirical studies of collaborations.
The effect of maximum residue limit standards on China's agri‐food exports: A health perspective
Authors: Chen Bo , Chen Yiming , Zhang Siqi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis paper investigates the impact of maximum residue limit (MRL) standards of 2692 chemical substances regulated by 44 importing countries on China's agri‐food exports, disaggregated at HS 8‐digit product level over 2005–2021. We find that MRL standards for health‐threatening chemical substances facilitate China's exports of agri‐food products, while low‐hazard MRLs impede trade. Furthermore, stricter MRL standards for health‐threatening substances reduce the probability of exporting (extensive margin) while generating larger export values conditional on exporting (intensive margin). We also identify that the adjustments of fixed and variable compliance costs resulting from changes in health‐threatening and low‐hazard MRLs contribute to the heterogeneous responses on the extensive and intensive margins of exports.
Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Validation of the Sexual and Reproductive Empowerment Scale for Adolescents and Young Adults in Kenya
Authors: Zia Yasaman , Upadhyay Ushma , Rhew Isaac , Kimanthi Syovata , Congo Ouma , Onono Maricianah , Barnabas Ruanne , Mugo Nelly , Bukusi Elizabeth A. , Harrington Elizabeth K. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractUnderstanding the levels of power that adolescent girls and young women exercise in their sexual and reproductive lives is imperative to inform interventions to help them meet their goals. We implemented an adapted version of the Sexual and Reproductive Health Empowerment (SRE) Scale for Adolescents and Young Adults among 500 adolescent girls and young women aged 15–20 in Kisumu, Kenya. We used confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to assess factor structure, and logistic regression to examine construct validity through the relationship between empowerment scores and ability to mitigate risk of undesired pregnancy through consistent contraceptive use. Participants had a mean age of 17.5, and most were students (61 percent), were currently partnered (94 percent), and reported having sex in the past 3 months (70 percent). The final, 26‐item CFA model had acceptable fit. All subscales had Cronbach's alpha scores >0.7, and all items had rotated factor loadings >0.5, indicating good internal consistency and robust factor‐variable associations. The total SRE‐Kenya (SRE‐K) score was associated with increased odds of the consistent method used in the past three months (adjusted odds ratio: 1.98, 95 percent CI: 1.29–3.10). The SRE‐K scale is a newly adapted and valid measure of sexual and reproductive empowerment specific to adolescent girls and young women in an East African setting.
STEM teacher advocate identity in the United States
Authors: Hite Rebecca L. , Milbourne Jeffrey D. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractResearch indicates that possession of a robust teacher identity reduces attrition from the classroom and improves retention in the teaching profession, which is nuanced by intersectional angles of gender, race, profession, and one's own perceptions. Emerging research suggests that teacher engagement in advocacy activities is also a vital component of retention, particularly among teachers of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) subjects. To better understand advocacy activities engaged in by U.S. in/formal STEM teachers, the present study surveyed 413 individuals querying how they perceive and engage in advocacy activities for STEM education. Data related to identity were parsed by intersectional facets of gender, race, sector of education (in/formal), and one's own perception as an advocate, which were compared using Mann–Whitney U analyses from Social Issues Advocacy Scales to determine beliefs of what constituted advocacy activities and what they engaged in as an advocate for STEM education. Among identity groupings, results suggest that respondents who identified as “always an active advocate” had the most (n = 13) significant differences regarding perceptions of and participation in advocacy activities regarding STEM education. The present research proposes that a teacher's perceptions of being an advocate is an important part of shaping their STEM teacher advocate identity.
Using practical programming tasks to enhance combinatorial understanding
Authors: Levy Sigal , Stukalin Yelena , Guttmann‐Beck Nili 
Published: April 2024

AbstractProbability theory has extensive applications across various domains, such as statistics, computer science, and finance. In probability education, students are introduced to fundamental principles which may include mathematical topics such as combinatorics and symmetric sample spaces. Students pursuing degrees in computer science possess a robust foundation in programming, software engineering, and algorithmic thinking. Despite entering probability courses with a unique perspective and learning potential, these students encounter challenges in grasping combinatorial concepts. In this experiment, we challenged first‐year postsecondary computer science students to program a simulation of a practical combinatorics problem. Students commented on whether and how this task helped them internalize the basic concepts of combinatorics. We aim to show how utilizing programming tasks may empower students with a deeper grasp of combinatorics.