bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fascicular nerve graft using an empty perineurial tube: An experimental study in the rabbit
Authors: Restrepo Y. , Merle M. , Michon J. , Folliguet B. , Petry D. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractAn experimental model of a free, empty perineurial tube for use as a nerve graft is presented as an alternative to existing methods. The technique is described and the model compared with conventional nerve graft in the sciatic nerve of a rabbit. Results are evaluated with EMG studies, angiography, and histology. The experimental model compared favorably with the standard graft. Further avenues of investigation and clinical use are suggested.
Telescopic anastomosis of the common bile duct in the rat
Authors: Fronticelli C. M. , Bargoni A. , Discalzo L. , Ongaro R. , Ferri Y. , D'Ambrosio E. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA telescopic technique for the end‐to‐end anastomosis of the common bile duct in the rat is proposed as a way of reducing the number of sutures without prejudicing the impermeability of the union. Serial histological examinations of the scar process after 10, 20, and 30 days showed that patency was maintained.
Mechanical and metallurgical properties of vascular clips designed for temporary use
Authors: Dujovny Manuel , Kossovsky Nir , Kossowsky Ram , Perlin Alfred , Gatti Emilio Fernandez , Segal Ricardo , Diaz Fernando G. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractSix commonly used surgical clips (Kleinert‐Kutz, PivotTM Vari‐Angle, Yasargil, Biemer, and Acland) that have been designated by their manufacturer as being suitable for temporary occlusion were studied in terms of their mechanical and metallurgical properties. Opening and closing forces were determined for all of the clips. Significant variations in clip force with respect to blade gap were found in all of the pivot‐type clips. Metallurgical testing showed that all six clips exhibited properties that contraindicate long‐term implantation.
Effect of suture technique on blood velocity waveforms in the microvascular anastomosis of autogenous vein graft
Authors: Lee Bok Y. , Brancato Richard F. , Shaw William W. , Browne Shawn , Thoden William R. , Madden John L. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractIn using autogenous vein grafts in microvascular surgery, maintenance of compliance at the site of anastomosis is of importance in achieving patency. Using high‐frequency, 20 MHz, pulsed Doppler ultrasonography to monitor blood flow velocity through the vein graft, we have evaluated the effects of continuous and interrupted suture technique on anastomotic compliance in vessels less than 1.5 mm in diameter. In 15 dogs, 15 procedures of each technique, using the continuous technique in one limb and the interrupted technique on the contralateral limb, patency rates for both techniques, documented by arteriography, are 100% at a mean follow‐up of 11 weeks. There were no significant differences in the blood velocity profile and pulsatility proximally, distally, and at the graft site between continuous and interrupted technique. This study confirms the suggestion that autogenous vein graft has sufficient elasticity to maintain normal arterial blood velocity waveforms.
The use of microvascular graft as an arterial substitute in the abdominal aorta of the rat
Authors: Zelder Oskar , Werner Heinz Helmut , Jerusalem Christoph R. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to compare by means of microsurgical techniques a porous with an interiorly smooth siliconized vascular graft. Compatibility and patency of the graft were examined in a long term followup. A microvascular prosthesis with a particular fibrous texture was used. The fibres consisted of polyurethane (PUR), a new prosthetic material. The lumen of the prosthesis measured 1.6 mm; the outer diameter was 2.4 mm. In group A an in‐ and exteriorly microporous graft was applied; in group B the inner surface of the prosthesis was smoothed by a silicon layer. 30 SPFWistar rats were randomized in group A (n = 15) and B (n = 15), and both prosthetic materials were implanted as a substitute for an infrarenal part of the abdominal aorta. Monofile suture material (MirafilR—DR 5) size 10:0 was used for the anastomosis. The mean pressure of the aorta amounted to 108 ± 30 mm Hg. After 4 ± 2 months the total survival rate was 77% (n = 23): in group A, 80% (n = 12); in group B, 73% (n = 11). Cause of death was early thrombosis due to technical mistakes. The following results were obtained by angiography: highest patency—group A, 8; group B, 1; constriction—group A, 6; group B, 9; occlusion—group A, 1; group B, 4; total—group A, 15; group B, 14; 1 angiography technically failed. Arterial substitution in the abdominal aorta of the rat by PUR‐grafts is possible and is a suitable model for further experiments. Prosthetic material with porous structure is significantly better than that with an impermeable smooth inner surface (significance 10%, test by Bross13). The low number of experiments allows only trend information and therefore must be considered as a pilot study, though histopathological findings undoubtly point to the superiority of the porous texture of the vascular prosthesis.
A scanning electron microscopic study of microvascular anastomoses on irradiated vessels: Short‐term effect of irradiation
Authors: De Wilde R. , Boeckx W. , Van Der Schueren E. , Guelinckx P. , Gruwez J. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractExperiments were carried out to determine the effect of previous irradiation on microvascular arterial anastomoses. The study focused on regeneration of endothelial cells and thrombus formation. Careful examination with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed a difference between irradiated animals and a control group. In the irradiated group one can notice a decreased regeneration, a greater amount of fibrin and platelets, and a higher incidence of microthrombi.
Heart and spleen “twin grafts” in rats: IV. Influence of donor spleen cell mass on allograft survival
Authors: Blanchard Jacqueline M. , Tauber Jürg W. , Lazda Velta A. , Mozes Martin F. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractHeart and spleen twin grafts from LEW to ACI rats may survive permanently, whereas those grafted from ACI to LEW rats do not. This strain difference in graft acceptance was analyzed quantitatively by transplanting one to three ACI spleens into LEW rats in order to compensate for the relatively small size of ACI spleens (Fig. 1). Under these conditions permanent graft survival was not observed in LEW recipients. However, during host splenectomy 3 days after transplantation, a nonimmunological factor was observed. The transplanted ACI spleens showed congestion and infarctions, while in the LEW to ACI transplant model the LEW spleens did not. This observation could be explained by the size of the vascular pedicle in ACI spleens. Although no problem was encountered immediately after completing the anastomoses, allogeneic spleens react by increasing in size, to such an extent that their size exceeds the capacity of the smaller vascular pedicle in ACI rats and results in congestion. Hence, the concept is formulated that early compromise of hemodynamics on a nonimmunological base may determine the fate of ACI spleen graft before immunological factors have a chance to become effective.
Effect of polyglycolic acid microsuture on rat uterine anastomoses
Authors: Lee Sun , Chan Edmund , Demacedo Arthur R. , Bacchi Carlos E. , Wolf Paul 
Published: March 2007

AbstractIn order to observe the effectiveness of polyglycolic acid microsutures (Dexon 10‐0) on rat uterine anastomoses, 40 Lewis rats were subjected to two‐layer (including the mucosa) and one‐layer (avoiding the mucosa) interrupted anastomoses of the freshly severed uteri using Dexon sutures. They were killed at days 7, 14, 21, 30, 60, 90, 180, 270, and 360. There was intensive inflammatory reaction during days 7–14 that gradually subsided, and the inflammatory reaction was limited to the suture sites by days 21–30. Sutures were still detectable at the end of 2 months, but they were no longer recognized at the end of 3 months. As the sutures were completely absorbed, giant cells and granulomatous reactions completely cleared. By days 180, 270, and 360, the rat uteri in both groups were indistinguishable from nonoperated ones. In this observation, it was noted that the use of absorbable microsutures with the mucosa inclusion in the rat uterine anastomoses was equally effective as those without the mucosa, and Dexon microsutures showed no residual effects on the uterine reanastomoses.
Clinical and experimental studies of bone union in reimplantation of digits: A preliminary report on ischemic interval
Authors: Kuwata Noriyuki , Kawai Shinya , Doi Kazuteru 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe relationship between ischemic interval and bone union in reimplantation of digits was studied clinically and experimentally. In 32 reimplanted digits, the cases in which the bone union delayed had a longer ischemic interval. In experimental study of rats, bone union of the group of which ischemic interval was 12 hours was definitively delayed in comparison with that of the control group.
Relationship between lymphatic and venous pressure in normal and lymphedematous rabbit ears
Authors: Gong‐Kang Huang , Pai HsinYuan‐ 
Published: March 2007

AbstractStudies of lymphatic and venous pressures of normal and lymphedematous rabbit ears reveal the end pressure of lymphatics to be higher than the venous pressure. Massage of the related rabbit ear increases the lymphatic pressures and can markedly raise the side and end pressures within the lymphatic wall. The venous pressures are not much affected by massaging the rabbit ear. Fluctuations in lymphatic pressure are observed with the naked eye which are associated with spontaneous and intrinsic rhythmic contraction of lymphatics. During the contraction of lymphatics the lymphatic pressure is much higher than the venous pressure. All the facts point to the conclusion that the microlymphaticovenous anastomosis for treating lymphedema has a bright future.
Energy metabolism and histomorphological findings in replanted rat hind limbs using various conservation methods
Authors: Eisenhardt H. J. , Isselhard W. , Prangenberg G. , Pichlmaier H. , Klein P. J. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractUsing various storage and conservation methods, we examined amputated and subsequently replanted limbs for their ischaemia tolerance level by investigating the changes in the adenylphosphocreatine system and glycolysis cycle. After replantation, amputated limbs that had been stored at room temperature (21.0 ± 1.5°C) for 2 hours were examined 14 days after operation. The adenosine triphosphate level of the skeletal muscle was reduced to 51% and the creatine phosphate to 77% of that of the control group. The glycogen was 13% of the normal value. The biochemical findings correlate with the histomorphological findings. After 2 hours ischaemia, the cross striations of the skeletal muscle and nuclear staining remained intact. There is a breakdown of the biochemical systems after 4 hours of ischaemia. They are no longer intact and the ischaemic limb does not recover. Histologically, muscle necrosis can be observed.
Effect of cigarette smoking on experimental microvascular anastomoses
Authors: Yaffe Batia , Cushin Brian J. , Strauch Berish 
Published: March 2007

AbstractCigarette smoking has been shown to cause cutaneous vasoconstriction, a decrease in digital blood flow, impaired wound healing, and it was implicated as a cause of failure of microvascular anastomoses in replanted digits. The subject of the following study was to assess the effect of cigarette smoking on experimental microvascular anastomoses. Twenty Sprague‐Dawley male rats weighing 200 to 250 grams were divided into groups of ten. Both the experimental and the control groups were acclimatized to a Maddox/ORNL rat smoke inhalation exposure system for six days prior to operation. At this time they were anesthetized and bilateral femoral artery end to end anastomoses were performed by two surgeons, using standard microsurgical techniques. After a recovery period of 24 hours, both groups were started on a smoking/sham‐smoking regime for 12 to 13 days. After this time they were anesthetized again, the femoral artery anastomoses were checked for patency in vivo and excised for histological evaluation. Five cm3 of blood was drawn from each animal to be analyzed for the presence of nicotine and its metabolites, and the rats were sacrificed. All the anastomoses in both groups were patent at the time of exploration and no histological difference could be demonstrated between the two groups. The radioimmunoassay of nicotine and cotinine showed large amounts in the smokers, and none in the nonsmokers.
A microsurgical technique for simultaneous pancreas and renal transplantation in the rat
Authors: Nolan Michael Stephen , Lindsey Nigel Jonathan , Ingram Nicholas Paul , Herold Alice , Slater David Norman , Fox Miles 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA successful technique of simultaneous pancreatico‐renal transplantation into the streptozotocin‐induced diabetic rat is described employing a sutureless cuff technique for three of four vascular anastomoses. Reversal of the diabetic state was uniformly observed within 24 hours postoperatively and near‐normal renal function was evidenced by 50 days postoperatively. The technique is reliable and reproducible and represents the first report of successful combined transplantation into the diabetic rat.
The ring technique for end‐to‐side microvascular anastomosis
Authors: Weinrib Harry P. , Cook John Querin , Penn Richard D. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe ring technique for end‐to‐side microvascular anastomosis employs a resorbable polyglycolic acid ring to prevent stenosis and spasm at the anastomotic site. In 20 rats, the ring technique was compared with the conventional technique for constructing end‐to‐side anastomoses between the femoral (0.9‐1.1 mm) and superficial epigastric (0.3‐0.4 mm) arteries. The ring technique proved superior to the conventional end‐to‐side technique both in speed of execution and in patency at 3‐4 weeks (100% vs 70%). Grossly and microscopically, the ring was completely resorbed at 3 wk.
Automatic milking apparatus for the insufficient venous drainage of the replanted digit
Authors: Kotani Hironobu , Kawai Shinya , Doi Kazuteru , Kuwata Noriyuki 
Published: March 2007

AbstractAn automatic milking apparatus composed of a finger attachment and a pump to push out the air was devised in order to perform the forced drainage from replanted digits with insufficient venous drainage. Seven replanted digits with insufficient venous drainage after replantation were applied, and remarkable improvement was found in five digits. An interesting case is reported in which a replanted digit without venous anastomosis survived as a consequence of applying the milking apparatus. The advantages of our milking apparatus are also discussed.
Liver revascularization with the left gastric artery following portocaval shunt in rats: Technique and preliminary results
Authors: Vassanelli P. , Marchetto R. , Marini P. , Fiore D. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe technique of liver arterialization with the left gastric artery after portocaval shunt in the rat is described. The operation was carried out with three different modalities, and the best results were obtained when suturing was carried out after enlargement of the arterial caliber (0.4‐0.5 mm external diameter), advantage of a vessel bifurcation. Eighty percent of the anastomosis were patent without any anticoagulant treatment 1 month after surgery. Preliminary results show the positive effect of liver arterialization compared to treatment with portocaval shunt alone.
Implantable pulsed doppler cuff for long‐term monitoring of free flaps: A preliminary study
Authors: Parker Paul M. , Fischer Joseph C. , Shaw William W. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractHigh‐frequency (20 mHz) ultra‐sonic Doppler in a pulsed mode rather than continuous mode allows blood flow detection in small arteries using a 1‐mm crystal embedded in a silastic cuff. The “probe factor”; used to determine flow was first established in an in vitro system and found to be reliable. The probe was then tested in five dogs on the saphenous artery and found to be highly responsive to hemodynamic changes in the pedicle. Finally, in 15 longterm studies of island flaps and free flaps, the probes were implanted to obtain daily readings and then removed at 7 days. Except for some dogrelated problems and technical errors, the system produced reliable flow data in the percutaneous cable. It is anticipated that such immediate and direct information on the pedicle blood flow would be useful in monitoring flaps.
Organization and implementation of a community hospital microsurgical service for the management of amputation injuries
Authors: Mirza M. Ather , Korber Kenneth E. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe genesis of a voluntary referral system with the establishment of a microsurgical replantation center in a community hospital is described. Specific hospital and emergency care protocols are outlined, along with the percentage distribution of peripheral hospitals utilizing this service. Over the initial 6‐year period, a success rate greater than 85% has been achieved in those cases that have satisfied the criteria for revascularization and replantation.
New small‐caliber antithrombotic vascular prosthesis: Experimental study
Authors: Miyake Hidenori , Handa Hajime , Yonekawa Yasuhiro , Taki Waro , Naruo Yoshito , Yamagata Sen , Ikada Yoshito , Iwata D Eng, Hiroo , Eng D , Suzuki Masakazu 
Published: March 2007

AbstractVascular prostheses with the inner diameter smaller than 1 mm were implanted to the common carotid artery of rats, and their patency was examined. Four types of tubes were prepared for this purpose in Experiment 1: polyethylene (PE), poly‐(acrylic acid)‐grafted polyethylene (PE‐AA), polyacrylamide‐grafted polyethylene (PE‐AAm), and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) tubes. Comparative studies made using nonsuture anastomosis revealed that the PE‐AAm and PVA tubes were antithrombotic, although disconnection was noted at the anastomotic sites within 1 week and 1 month, respectively. Thereafter in Experiment 2, the PVA tubes were implanted to the common carotid artery of 20 rats using conventional anastomosis. Neither anticoagulants nor fibrinolytic agents were used in both series of experiments. Patency of the PVA tubes was 80% after 1 week and 70% after 1 month. In patent cases after 1 month, the luminal surfaces of the prostheses and the host arteries were examined using scanning electron microscopy. The lumen of the arteries and anastomotic sites was covered with endothelial cells, while the lumen of the PVA tubes was free from thrombi and there was no neointima formation. So far, there has been reported no manmade material that has completely antithrombotic property in vivo. However, our studies disclosed that PVA is antithrombotic and one of the most promising materials for the inner surface of small vascular prostheses.
Free transplantation of venous network pattern skin flap: An experimental study in rabbits
Authors: Ji Shu Yun , Chia Shu Lan , Cheng Hsu Hsi 
Published: March 2007

AbstractFree skin flaps using rabbit ear to replace rabbit scalp have been accomplished using only arteriovenous and venous‐venous anastomosis, without arterio‐arterial anastomosis. The technique produced excellent graft survival in 30 of 33 rabbits. Without the vascular anastomosis control grafts did poorly. The mechanism of flow reversed revascularization is discussed.
Scanning electron microscopy studies of needle and suture damage in rat carotid and femoral arteries
Authors: Longa Enrique Zea , Weinstein Philip R. , Chater Geoffrey 
Published: March 2007

AbstractUsing the scanning electron microscope (SEM), we compared the areas of endothelial disruption 45 minutes after penetration of rat femoral and carotid artery walls with 75‐ and 100‐μ taper point and taper cut microsurgical needles, with and without restoration of blood flow. Four experimental groups were designated: needle puncture only, single loose, suture loop, end‐to‐end anastomosis, and end‐to‐side anastomosis. The vessels were perfused with normal saline, immersed in 3% buffered glutaraldehyde, and mounted under slight tension to simulatephysiological wall distention before SEM examination. Endothelial craters at vessel puncture sites were measured on SEM photomicrographs at 300 × magnification. All vessels were patent when examined. Crater diameters averaged less than double the needle size. Although taper cut needles produced craters that were 25% larger (P < 0.05), vessel penetration was easier than with the taper point needle and bleeding times were the same. Suture loop produced craters that were 36% larger (P < 0.05) than needle puncture alone. Craters were 20% larger when blood flow was restored and 50% larger inthe femoral than in the carotid artery. Although craters seen after end‐to‐end anastomosis were not significantly larger than those after end‐to‐side anastomosis, interrupted sutures appeared to cause more endothelial damage than continuous sutures. These results suggestthat the use of cutting needles, passage and tying of sutures, vessel distention by blood flow, and suturing of more muscular and less elastic vessel walls (femoral artery) may increase endothelial disruption but do not reduce patency.
A new microvascular clamp for the production of experimental ischemia
Authors: Stark Ron H. , Sanger James R. , Matloub Hani S. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA new microvascular clamp was developed from inexpensive and readily available materials. This clamp, when properly applied, can provide many hours of vessel occlusion with minimal damage to the vessel intima. This clamp has important applications in producing prolonged experimental ischemia without significant vessel damage and thrombosis. This clamp produced less vessel damage when compared with a standard microvascular clamp for prolonged periods of clamping.
Kidney and spleen twin grafts in rats: Unidirectional graft acceptance in unsuppressed ACI recipients
Authors: Blanchard J. M. , Tauber J. W. , Welsh T. J. , John E. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractIn previous studies, we have shown that vascularized spleen grafts can facilitate the acceptance of simultaneously implanted hearts, especially if host splenectomy is done 3 days later. 1 The present study shows that the same protocol works not only for hearts but also for kidneys. A total of 59 renal allografts were carried out in various combinations between LEW and ACI rats. The recipients were submitted to bilateral nephrectomy at the time of graft implantation and host splenectomy 3 days later. Graft function was assessed by survival time of the animals. In addition, BUN, creatinine, and hematocrit were measured in selected individuals. The following observations were made: (1) LEW kidneys were rejected at 92 ± 65 days while ACI kidneys failed at 17 ± 1.4 days (p < 0.025). (2) Control animals without simultaneous syngenic functioning spleen implant rejected their LEW kidneys at 30.6 ± 24.3 days (p < 0.005). (3) Eleven rats never rejected their LEW kidneys (four single, seven twin grafts). (4) BUN, creatinine, and hematocrit differed significantly in rats with functioning kidneys compared to those in end stage renal failure (p < 0.0005, p < 0.0025, and p < 10 −7 respectively). It is concluded that the presence of the donor spleen can facilitate the acceptance of a simultaneous kidney graft to various degrees, depending on the strain combination.