bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validity of gout diagnoses in administrative data
Authors: Harrold Leslie R. , Saag Kenneth G. , Yood Robert A. , Mikuls Ted R. , Andrade Susan E. , Fouayzi Hassan , Davis Judith , Chan K. Arnold , Raebel Marsha A. , Von Worley Ann , Platt Richard 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the utility of using administrative data for epidemiologic studies of gout by examining the validity of gout diagnoses in claims data.MethodsFrom a population of ∼800,000 members from 4 managed care plans, we identified patients who had at least 2 ambulatory claims for a diagnosis of gout between January 1, 1999 and December 31, 2003. From this group, a random sample of 200 patients was chosen for medical record review. Trained medical record reviewers abstracted gout‐related clinical, laboratory, and radiologic data from the medical records. Two rheumatologists independently evaluated the abstracted information and assessed whether the gout diagnosis was probable/definite or unlikely/insufficient information. Discordant physician ratings were adjudicated by consensus. Based on record reviews, patients were also classified according to the American College of Rheumatology (ACR), Rome, and New York gout criteria and these results were compared with the physician global assessments.ResultsThere were 121 patients rated as having probable/definite gout by physician consensus, leading to a positive predictive value of ≥2 coded diagnoses of gout of 61% (95% confidence interval 53–67). There was low concordance between physician assessments and established gout criteria including ACR, Rome, and New York criteria (κ = 0.17, 0.16, and 0.20, respectively).ConclusionUse of administrative data alone in epidemiologic and health services research on gout may lead to misclassification. Medical record reviews for validation of claims data may provide an inadequate gold standard to confirm gout diagnoses.
Prognostic factors of progression of osteoarthritis of the knee: A systematic review of observational studies
Authors: Belo J. N. , Berger M. Y. , Reijman M. , Koes B. W. , Bierma‐Zeinstra S. M. A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjectiveTo provide an overview of prognostic factors of knee osteoarthritis (OA) progression.MethodsWe searched Medline and Embase up to December 2003 according to a specified search strategy (keywords for disease, location, and study design). Studies that fulfilled predefined criteria were assessed for methodologic quality. Study characteristics and associations were extracted and the results were summarized according to a best evidence synthesis.ResultsOf the 1,004 studies found, 37 met the inclusion criteria. Methodologic quality was assessed and only high‐quality studies were included (n = 36). The best evidence synthesis yielded strong evidence that hyaluronic acid serum levels and generalized OA are predictive for progression of knee OA. Sex, knee pain, radiologic severity, knee injury, quadriceps strength, and regular sport activities were not predictive. Conflicting evidence for associations was found for several factors including body mass index and age. Limited evidence for an association with progression of knee OA was found for several factors, including the alignment (varus/valgus) of the joint. Limited evidence for no association with progression of OA was also found for several factors, including meniscectomy, several markers of bone or cartilage turnover, and the clinical diagnosis of localized OA.ConclusionGeneralized OA and level of hyaluronic acid seem to be associated with the radiologic progression of knee OA. Knee pain, radiologic severity at baseline, sex, quadriceps strength, knee injury, and regular sport activities seem not to be related. For other factors, the evidence was limited or conflicting.
Factors determining participation in prevention trials among systemic lupus erythematosus patients: a qualitative study
Authors: Costenbader Karen H. , Brome Deborah , Blanch Danielle , Gall Victoria , Karlson Elizabeth , Liang Matthew H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjectiveA feasibility study for a trial of strategies for the prevention of atherosclerosis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was stopped because of inadequate recruitment. There is little understanding of the factors influencing patients' decisions about participation in prevention trials. Our goal was to determine factors that patients with SLE consider in deciding about participating in prevention trials, to uncover concerns about SLE trials, and to investigate how study design and purpose affect participation decisions.MethodsWe conducted focus groups with trial participants (n = 13), trial nonparticipants (n = 8), and a group of patients with diabetes (n = 9). We conducted telephone interviews with SLE patients who refused participation in the trial and the focus groups (n = 10). A trained facilitator elicited factors influencing participation decisions. Transcripts were coded and grouped into themes using grounded theory.ResultsDemographic characteristics of the groups were similar. Seven factors emerged as important in decision making: current health status, study design, physician involvement, personal benefit, altruism, time, and incentives. These factors were considered by individuals who elected to participate and those who did not, but weighed differently. Among the trial participants, good health status, encouragement from one's physician, and desires to learn and to contribute stimulated participation. Reasons for nonparticipation included current health status, medication and randomization concerns, and personal factors.ConclusionWe observed that similar factors were weighed differently by participants and nonparticipants. Our results suggest that strategies such as health education, enlistment of personal physicians, and limitation of time requirements may enhance recruitment of patients with SLE into clinical prevention trials.
Work dynamics among persons with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Yelin Edward , Trupin Laura , Katz Patricia , Criswell Lindsey , Yazdany Jinoos , Gillis Joann , Panopalis Peter 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjectiveTo track changes in the proportion of persons ages 18–64 with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who were employed from diagnosis through 2004, to estimate changes in annual work hours during this time, and to describe risk factors for work loss among those employed at diagnosis.MethodsA structured telephone survey was administered to a cohort of 982 persons with SLE, which was assembled between 2002 and 2004. Of the 900 enrolled in 2002–2003, 832 (92%) were re‐interviewed in 2004. We tabulated the proportion employed at diagnosis, at baseline interview, and at followup in 2004. Among individuals employed at each time frame, we estimated the hours of work per year. We then used the Kaplan‐Meier method to estimate time until work loss among individuals employed at diagnosis and Cox proportional hazards regression to describe the risk factors for such work loss.ResultsBetween diagnosis and followup interview, the proportion employed declined from 74% to 54%. Over the same period, hours of work per year declined by 32.2% among all individuals with a work history, but by only 1% among those continuously employed. Among individuals working at diagnosis, the proportion employed declined by 15% and 63% after 5 and 20 years, respectively. Demographics (age, sex, and education) and work characteristics (physical and psychological demands of jobs and level of control) were the principal determinants of work loss.ConclusionTotal cessation of employment, rather than reduced hours among employed persons, accounts for most of the decline in annual work hours among persons with SLE.
The search for a cometary outbursts mechanism: a comparison of various theories
Authors: Gronkowski P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn the paper the potential sources of energy of cometary outbursts have been reviewed. Considerations focus on four probable sources of the outbursts' energy. These are the polymerization of hydrogen cyanide HCN, impacts with the meteoroids, destruction of cometary grains in the field of strong solar wind and the transformation of amorphous water Ice into the crystalline one. The values of released energy and jumps of cometary brightness caused by these mechanisms have been discussed. A modern approach to the problem of the thermodynamical evolution of the comet nucleus which includes amorphous water ice is considered as the starting point in the discussion presented in the paper. The main characteristics of an outburst of a hypothetical comet belonging to the Jupiter family comet are calculated. The obtained results are in a good agreement with the characteristics observed during the real outbursts of comets. The main conclusion of this paper confirms a general presumption that the cometary outbursts can have different causes. However, the hypothesis concerning the amorphous water ice transformation appears to be the most probable one. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Applying the Generalized Partitioning Principle to Control the Generalized Familywise Error Rate
Authors: Xu Haiyan , Hsu Jason C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn multiple testing, strong control of the familywise error rate (FWER) may be unnecessarily stringent in some situations such as bioinformatic studies. An alternative approach, discussed by Hommel and Hoffmann (1988) and Lehmann and Romano (2005), is to control the generalized familywise error rate (gFWER), the probability of incorrectly rejecting more than m hypotheses. This article presents the generalized Partitioning Principle as a systematic technique of constructing gFWER‐controlling tests that can take the joint distribution of test statistics into account. The paper is structured as follows. We first review classical partitioning principle, indicating its conditioning nature. Then the generalized partitioning principle is introduced, with a set of sufficient conditions that allows it to be executed as a computationally more feasible step‐down test. Finally, we show the importance of having some knowledge of the distribution of the observations in multiple testing. In particular, we show that step‐down permutation tests require an assumption on the joint distribution of the observations in order to control the familywise error rate. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Test for Increasing Convex Order in Multivariate Response
Authors: Feng Yanqin , Wang Jinde 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTrend test based on cross‐classified data in dose‐response has been a central problem in medicine. Most of existing test methods are known to only fit to binary response variables. However, the approaches for binary response tables may suffer from the lack of a clear choice for dichotomization. For multivariate response with ordered categories, some studies have been done for simple stochastic order, likelihood ratio order and so on. However, methods of statistical inference on increasing convex order for more than two multinomial populations have not been fully developed. For testing the increasing convex order alternative, this article provides a model‐free test method which can be used in the case of two‐way tables and stratified data. Two real examples will be used to illustrate how to apply our test method. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Efficient bioremediation of total organic carbon (TOC) in integrated aquaculture system by marine sponge Hymeniacidon perleve
Authors: Fu Wantao , Wu Yichun , Sun Liming , Zhang Wei 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe aim of this study is to investigate the potential of using marine sponge Hymeniacidon perleve to remove total organic carbon (TOC) in integrated aquaculture ecosystems. In sterilized natural seawater (SNSW) with different concentrations of TOC, H. perleve removed approximately 44–61% TOC during 24 h, with retention rates of ca. 0.19–1.06 mg/h ·g‐fresh sponge, however no particulate selectivity was observed. The highest initial TOC concentration, in which about 2.7 g fresh sponges could remove TOC effectively in 0.5‐L SNSW, is 214.3–256.9 mg/L. The highest capacity of TOC removal and clearance rate (CR) by H. perleve is ca. 25.50 mg‐TOC/g‐fresh sponge and 7.64 mL/h · g‐fresh sponge within 24 h, respectively. Until reaching the highest TOC removal capacity, the TOC removal capacity and clearance rate of H. perleve increased with initial TOC concentration, and dropped dramatically thereafter. After reaching the highest removal capacity, H. perleve could only remove relatively lower TOC concentration in seawater in subsequent run. The TOC removal kinetics in SNSW by H. perleve fitted very well with a S‐shaped curve and a Logistic model equation (R2 = 0.999). In different volumes of SNSW with a fixed initial TOC concentration, the weight/volume ratio of sponge biomass and SFNSW was optimized at 1.46 g‐fresh sponge/1‐L SNSW to achieve the maximum TOC removal. When co‐cultured with marine fish Fugu rubripes for 15 days, H. perleve removed TOC excreted by F. rubripes with similar retention rates of ca. 0.15 mg/h · g‐fresh sponge, and the sponge biomass increased by 22.8%. Biotechnol. Bioneg. 2007;97: 1387–1397. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Improving AAV vector yield in insect cells by modulating the temperature after infection
Authors: Aucoin Marc G. , Perrier Michel , Kamen Amine A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractVectors based on adeno‐associated viruses (AAV) are sought for therapeutic gene delivery because of their ability to transduce a variety of tissues with no significant immunological response. Production using the baculovirus expression vector (BEV)/insect cell system has the potential to meet the needs for pre‐clinical and clinical trials. In this co‐infection system, three baculoviruses are used to produce the AAV vector. A strategy aimed at increasing encapsidation/maturation of the viral vector involved varying the temperature over the course of the process. Cultures were subjected to temperature changes at various times pre‐ and post‐infection (up to 24 h post‐infection). It was found that raising the culture temperature to 30°C at the time of infection nearly tripled the infectious titer. In fact, increasing the temperature to 30°C at any time in the process investigated resulted in an increase in titer. Also, raising the culture to 33°C or lowering the temperature to 24° or 21°C resulted in lower titers. The rise in infectious titer was also confirmed by an increase in DNase resistant particles (DRPs). Varying the temperature, however, did not affect the total amount of capsids significantly. Therefore increasing the culture temperature resulted in better encapsidation as determined by the ratio of capsids to DRPs to infectious particles. It is believed that an increase in early proteins and possibly a quicker cascade of baculovirus infection events resulted in this increased packaging efficiency. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2007;97:1501–1509. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Electricity generation from cellulose by rumen microorganisms in microbial fuel cells
Authors: Rismani‐Yazdi Hamid , Christy Ann D. , Dehority Burk A. , Morrison Mark , Yu Zhongtang , Tuovinen Olli H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn microbial fuel cells (MFCs) bacteria generate electricity by mediating the oxidation of organic compounds and transferring the resulting electrons to an anode electrode. The objective of this study was to test the possibility of generating electricity with rumen microorganisms as biocatalysts and cellulose as the electron donor in two‐compartment MFCs. The anode and cathode chambers were separated by a proton exchange membrane and graphite plates were used as electrodes. The medium in the anode chamber was inoculated with rumen microorganisms, and the catholyte in the cathode compartment was ferricyanide solution. Maximum power density reached 55 mW/m2 (1.5 mA, 313 mV) with cellulose as the electron donor. Cellulose hydrolysis and electrode reduction were shown to support the production of current. The electrical current was sustained for over 2 months with periodic cellulose addition. Clarified rumen fluid and a soluble carbohydrate mixture, serving as the electron donors, could also sustain power output. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of PCR amplified 16S rRNA genes revealed that the microbial communities differed when different substrates were used in the MFCs. The anode‐attached and the suspended consortia were shown to be different within the same MFC. Cloning and sequencing analysis of 16S rRNA genes indicated that the most predominant bacteria in the anode‐attached consortia were related to Clostridium spp., while Comamonas spp. abounded in the suspended consortia. The results demonstrated that electricity can be generated from cellulose by exploiting rumen microorganisms as biocatalysts, but both technical and biological optimization is needed to maximize power output. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2007;97: 1398–1407. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
An Experimental and Computational Study on Intramolecular Charge Transfer: A Tetrathiafulvalene‐Fused Dipyridophenazine Molecule
Authors: Jia Chunyang , Liu Shi‐Xia , Tanner Christian , Leiggener Claudia , Neels Antonia , Sanguinet Lionel , Levillain Eric , Leutwyler Samuel , Hauser Andreas , Decurtins Silvio 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTo study the electronic interactions in donor–acceptor (D–A) ensembles, D and A fragments are coupled in a single molecule. Specifically, a tetrathiafulvalene (TTF)‐fused dipyrido[3,2‐a:2′,3′‐c]phenazine (dppz) compound having inherent redox centers has been synthesized and structurally characterized. Its electronic absorption, fluorescence emission, photoinduced intramolecular charge transfer, and electrochemical behavior have been investigated. The observed electronic properties are explained on the basis of density functional theory.
The Phenalenyl Motif: A Magnetic Chameleon
Authors: Cyrański Michał K. , Havenith Remco W. A. , Dobrowolski Michał A. , Gray Benjamin R. , Krygowski Tadeusz M. , Fowler Patrick W. , Jenneskens Leonardus W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe 12π cation (3) and 14π anion (4) derived from the phenalenyl radical (2) support diatropic (“aromatic”) perimeter ring currents, but isoelectronic replacement of the central atom by either boron (5) or nitrogen (6) leads to paratropic (“antiaromatic”) current; the ipsocentric approach to molecular magnetic response accounts for all four patterns in terms of competition between translationally and rotationally allowed virtual π–π* excitations.
Growth and characterization of non‐linear optical crystal ZnCd(SCN)4
Authors: Joseph G. P. , Rajarajan K. , Vimalan M. , Thomas P. C. , Madhavan J. , Ravi Kumar S. M. , Gulam Mohamed M. , Mani G. , Sagayaraj P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSingle crystals of ZCTC with dimension up to 5x2x3mm3 were grown from aqueous solution by slow solvent evaporation method and the grown crystals were confirmed by single XRD and CHN analysis. The SHG efficiency of ZCTC was evaluated using Kurtz Perry technique. Its efficiency was found to be nearly 12 times that of urea when studied with the fundamental wavelength of 1064 nm. The mechanical properties of the grown crystal have been investigated by Vickers microhardness testing. The thermal parameters such as the thermal diffusivity (α), thermal effusivity (e), thermal conductivity (k) and heat capacity (cp) of ZCTC were measured by an improved photopyroelectric (PPE) technique and the results were discussed. The TG/DTG studies reveal that the decomposition of the sample begins around 350°C. The photoconducting nature of ZCTC has also been investigated and reported. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The influence of metallic substitution on the physical properties of manganese mercury thiyocyanate crystals
Authors: Joseph G. P. , Korah I. , Raja Rajan K. , Thomas P. C. , Vimalan M. , Madhavan J. , Sagayaraj P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractGood optical grade single crystals of pure, Cd2+ and Mg2+ doped Manganese Mercury Thiyocyanate (MMTC) crystals are grown by slow solvent evaporation technique at room temperature. Single crystal XRD studies reveal that the incorporation of metallic dopants has not changed the structure of the parent crystal. The SHG efficiencies of the pure and doped samples of MMTC are measured by Kurtz Perry powder method and the results are compared with urea. It is evident from microhardness study that the presence of dopants has increased the mechanical strength of MMTC crystal. The TG/DTG studies confirm that the thermal decomposition temperatures of pure (353°C), Mg2+ doped (363°C) and Cd2+ doped (365°C) MMTC are relatively high when compared to other NLO crystals of the same family. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Progress in Spectroscopic Diagnostics of Barrier Discharges
Authors: Kozlov K. V. , Wagner H.‐E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSystematic study of barrier discharges (BDs) using cross‐correlation spectroscopy (CCS) has been conducted since 2000 by two research teams at the universities in Moscow and in Greifswald. From the beginning, the investigations were focused on the application of the CCS diagnostics to the BDs in air and in N2/O2 mixtures. Further progress in the research field being considered was aimed on the one hand, at the improvement of the measurement technique and development of the data processing procedures, and on the other hand, at using different working gases and gas mixtures. In this paper, the most interesting and important research results obtained in the course of two last years at both referred above universities using the CCS technique are reported. They correspond to three different subjects of investigation, namely an analysis of axial and radial structure of the microdischrge in air at ambient pressure, an influence of the composition of binary mixtures Ne/O2 upon the mechanism of the BD development, and spatio‐temporal structure of the BD in pure argon. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
“Tissue Processing” with Atmospheric Plasmas
Authors: Stoffels E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis article surveys current applications of gas discharges in various medical procedures. Various designs of non‐equilibrium plasma sources are described, with special attention to cold plasma devices. In “tissue processing”, two approaches are distinguished: thermal processing, such as heat‐induced coagulation, desiccation, cutting and ablation, and non‐thermal processing, based on sub‐lethal plasma effects on living cells. The latter technique requires special low‐power sources, which operate at the body temperature. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)