bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inactivation of PI3Kγ and PI3Kδ distorts T-cell development and causes multiple organ inflammation
Authors: Ji Hong , Rintelen Felix , Waltzinger Caroline , Bertschy Meier Dominique , Bilancio Antonio , Pearce Wayne , Hirsch Emilio , Wymann Matthias P. , Rückle Thomas , Camps Montserrat , Vanhaesebroeck Bart , Okkenhaug Klaus , Rommel Christian 
Published: July 2007

AbstractMice lacking both the p110γ and p110δ isoforms display severe impairment of thymocyte development. Here, we show that this phenotype is recapitulated in p110γ−/−/p110δD910A/D910A (p110γKOδD910A) mice where the p110δ isoform has been inactivated by a point mutation. Moreover, we have examined the pathological consequences of the p110γδ deficiency, which include profound T-cell lymphopenia, T-cell and eosinophil infiltration of mucosal organs, elevated IgE levels, and a skewing toward Th2 immune responses. Using small-molecule selective inhibitors, we demonstrated that in mature T cells, p110δ, but not p110γ, controls Th1 and Th2 cytokine secretion. Thus, the pathology in the p110γδ-deficient mice is likely to be secondary to a developmental block in the thymus that leads to lymphopenia-associated inflammatory responses.
Hospital mortality in acute coronary syndrome: differences related to gender and use of percutaneous coronary procedures
Authors: Aguado-Romeo María J , Márquez-Calderón Soledad , Buzón-Barrera María L ,   the Medical Practice Variations Andalusian Group
Published: July 2007

Abstract
Background
To identify differences among men and women with acute coronary syndrome in terms of in-hospital mortality, and to assess whether these differences are related to the use of percutaneous cardiovascular procedures.

Methods
Observational study based on the Minimum Basic Data Set. This encompassed all episodes of emergency hospital admissions (46,007 cases, including 16,391 women and 29,616 men) with a main diagnosis of either myocardial infarction or unstable angina at 32 hospitals within the Andalusian Public Health System over a four-year period (2000–2003). The relationship between gender and mortality was examined for the population as a whole and for stratified groups depending on the type of procedures used (diagnostic coronary catheterisation and/or percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty). These combinations were then adjusted for age group, main diagnosis and co-morbidityharlson score).

Results
During hospitalisation, mortality was 9.6% (4,401 cases out of 46,007), with 11.8% for women and 8.3% for men. There were more deaths among older patients with acute myocardial infarction and greater co-morbidity. Lower mortality was shown in patients undergoing diagnostic catheterisation and/or PTCA. After adjusting for age, diagnosis and co-morbidity, mortality affected women more than men in the overall population (OR 1.14, 95% CI: 1.06–1.22) and in the subgroup of patients where no procedure was performed (OR 1.16, 95% CI: 1.07–1.24). Gender was not an explanatory variable in the subgroups of patients who underwent some kind of procedure.

Conclusion
Gender has not been associated to in-hospital mortality in patients who undergo some kind of percutaneous cardiovascular procedure. However, in the group of patients without either diagnostic catheterisation or angioplasty, mortality was higher in women than in men.
Quality of life before intensive care unit admission is a predictor of survival
Authors: Hofhuis José GM , Spronk Peter E , van Stel Henk F , Schrijvers Augustinus JP , Bakker Jan 
Published: July 2007

Abstract
Introduction
Predicting whether a critically ill patient will survive intensive care treatment remains difficult. The advantages of a validated strategy to identify those patients who will not benefit from intensive care unit (ICU) treatment are evident. Providing critical care treatment to patients who will ultimately die in the ICU is accompanied by an enormous emotional and physical burden for both patients and their relatives. The purpose of the present study was to examine whether health-related quality of life (HRQOL) before admission to the ICU can be used as a predictor of mortality.

Methods
We conducted a prospective cohort study in a university-affiliated teaching hospital. Patients admitted to the ICU for longer than 48 hours were included. Close relatives completed the Short-form 36 (SF-36) within the first 48 hours of admission to assess pre-admission HRQOL of the patient. Mortality was evaluated from ICU admittance until 6 months after ICU discharge. Logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic analyses were used to assess the predictive value for mortality using five models: the first question of the SF-36 on general health (model A); HRQOL measured using the physical component score (PCS) and mental component score (MCS) of the SF-36 (model B); the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score (an accepted mortality prediction model in ICU patients; model C); general health and APACHE II score (model D); and PCS, MCS and APACHE II score (model E). Classification tables were used to assess the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and likelihood ratios.

Results
A total of 451 patients were included within 48 hours of admission to the ICU. At 6 months of follow up, 159 patients had died and 40 patients were lost to follow up. When the general health item was used as an estimate of HRQOL, area under the curve for model A (0.719) was comparable to that of model C (0.721) and slightly better than that of model D (0.760). When PCS and MCS were used, the area under the curve for model B (0.736) was comparable to that of model C (0.721) and slightly better than that of model E (0.768). When using the general health item, the sensitivity and specificity in model D (sensitivity 0.52 and specificity 0.81) were similar to those in model A (0.45 and 0.80). Similar results were found when using the MCS and PCS.

Conclusion
This study shows that the pre-admission HRQOL measured with either the one-item general health question or the complete SF-36 is as good at predicting survival/mortality in ICU patients as the APACHE II score. The value of these measures in clinical practice is limited, although it seems sensible to incorporate assessment of HRQOL into the many variables considered when deciding whether a patient should be admitted to the ICU.
High transfection efficiency, gene expression, and viability of monocyte-derived human dendritic cells after nonviral gene transfer
Authors: Landi Abdolamir , Babiuk Lorne A , van Drunen Littel-van den Hurk Sylvia 
Published: July 2007

AbstractDendritic cells (DCs) are bone marrow-originated, professional antigen-capturing cells and APCs, which can function as vaccine carriers. Although efficient transfection of human DCs has been achieved with viral vectors, viral gene products may influence cellular functions. In contrast, nonviral methods have generally resulted in inefficient gene transfer, low levels of gene expression, and/or low cell viability. Monocyte-derived DCs are the most common source of DCs for in vitro studies and for in vivo applications. We hypothesized that reduction of the time to generate immature DCs (iDCs) might result in higher viability after transfection. Therefore, we established a protocol to generate human iDCs from CD14+ monocytes within 3 days. These “fast” iDCs were phenotypically and functionally indistinguishable from conventional iDCs, showing high endocytic ability and low antigen-presenting capacity. Furthermore, the fast iDCs matured normally and had similar antigen-presenting capacity to conventional mature DCs. To optimize transfection of iDCs, we compared nonviral transfection of plasmid DNA and in vitro-transcribed (IVT) RNA with transfection reagents, electroporation, and nucleofection. Nucleofection of IVT RNA with the X1 program of an Amaxa Co. Nucleofector resulted in the most efficient transfection, with an average of 93% transfected iDCs, excellent long-term viability, and strong protein expression. Furthermore, the IVT RNA-transfected iDCs retained all phenotypic and functional characteristics of iDCs. This method is applicable to most purposes, including in vitro functional assays, in vivo DC immunotherapy, and DC-based vaccines.
Glomus jugulare tumor
Authors: Cole James M. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractA review has been made of the current recommendations for treatment of glomus tumors involving the ear. Thirty cases treated in our clinic have been reviewed, comprised of 8 glomus tympanicum and 22 glomus jugulare tumors. We recommend surgical excision as primary treatment for glomus tympanicum tumors and high voltage radiotherapy as primary treatment for glomus jugulare tumors. Visible residual tumor following adequate radiotherapy may remain unchanged for many years. Some cases that do not show a response to high voltage radiation may be suitable for secondary radical surgical treatment. Fortunately, we have not yet encountered a case of glomus jugulare tumor with nonresponse to high voltage radiation in the doses recommended. Long term follow‐up is important.
Vocal and social situation of laryngectomees
Authors: Savary Paul 
Published: July 2007

AbstractA summary of progress of surgery and rehabilitation showed that the vocal and social situation of the laryngectomee in the world is very poor. To improve this situation, a world survey on the state of laryngectomees and a world Congress in Quebec City in 1974 were organized.Consequently, a special section of l'Hotel‐Dieu de Quebec was organized to stimulate the vocal rehabilitation of the laryngectomees, and the global statistics now show that the percentage of success has increased from 54% to 83%.
The importance of woodland for Rhinolophus hipposideros (Chiroptera, Rhinolophidae) in Austria
Authors: Reiter Guido 
Published: July 2007

Earlier radio tracking studies have shown that woodlands are key foraging
habitats of the endangered lesser horseshoe bat. Hence, the location of maternity
roosts should be influenced by the availability of woodland. I studied the
distribution of maternity roosts in Austria with respect to the availability of
woodland at different scales. Based on digital maps I compared the percentage
of woodland cover within a radius of 0.5 and 2.5 km around maternity roosts
with that of randomly selected churches and castles. I also measured the distance
from maternity roosts to the nearest patch of woodland.
Comparing different Austrian provinces, the relative number of maternity
roosts tended to be greater in provinces with greater woodland cover.
Woodland was more abundant around existing maternity roosts than around
randomly selected churches and castles. These patterns were found within
0.5 km in both Carinthia and Salzburg, and within 2.5 km in Salzburg only.
Furthermore, the distance to the nearest patch of woodland was shorter at
existing maternity roosts than at randomly selected churches and castles in
Salzburg. Colony size increased with the proportion of surrounding woodland:
small areas of woodland supported only small colonies, while bigger
colonies were only located in the vicinity of larger proportions of woodland.
I conclude that woodland is an important factor explaining the distribution
and selection of maternity roosts and should therefore strongly be considered
when conservation measures for this species are required, designed and put
into action.
Classboxes – Controlling Visibility of Class Extensions (Classboxes – Kontrollierte Sichtbarkeit von Klassenerweiterungen)
Authors: Bergel Alexandre 
Published: July 2007

Summary
Unanticipated changes to complex software systems can introduce anomalies such as duplicated code, suboptimal inheritance relationships and a proliferation of run-time downcasts. Refactoring to eliminate these anomalies may not be an option, at least in certain stages of software evolution. A class extension is a method that is defined in a module, but whose class is defined elsewhere. Class extensions offer a convenient way to incrementally modify existing classes when subclassing is inappropriate. Unfortunately existing approaches suffer from various limitations. Either class extensions have a global impact, with possibly negative effects for unexpected clients, or they have a purely local impact, with negative results for collaborating clients. Furthermore, conflicting class extensions are either disallowed, or resolved by linearization, with subsequent negative effects. To solve these problems we present classboxes, a module system for object-oriented languages that provides for behavior refinement (i. e. method addition and replacement). Moreover, the changes made by a classbox are only visible to that classbox (or classboxes that import it), a feature we call local rebinding. We present an experimental validation in which we apply the classbox model to both dynamically and statically typed programming languages. We used classboxes to refactor part of the Java Swing library, and we show two extensions built on top of classboxes which are (i) runtime adaptation with dynamically classboxes and (ii) expressing crosscutting changes.
ACR benchmark testing of a novel high‐speed ring‐gantry linac kV‐CBCT system
Authors: Haertter Allison , Salerno Michael , Koger Brandon , Kennedy Christopher , Alonso‐Basanta Michelle , Dong Lei , Teo Boon‐Keng , Li Taoran 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA new generation cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) system with new hardware design and advanced image reconstruction algorithms is available for radiation treatment simulation or adaptive radiotherapy (HyperSight CBCT imaging solution, Varian Medical Systems‐a Siemens Healthineers company). This study assesses the CBCT image quality metrics using the criteria routinely used for diagnostic CT scanner accreditation as a first step towards the future use of HyperSight CBCT images for treatment planning and target/organ delineations. Image performance was evaluated using American College of Radiology (ACR) Program accreditation phantom tests for diagnostic computed tomography systems (CTs) and compared HyperSight images with a standard treatment planning diagnostic CT scanner (Siemens SOMATOM Edge) and with existing CBCT systems (Varian TrueBeam version 2.7 and Varian Halcyon version 2.0).  Image quality performance for all Varian HyperSight CBCT vendor‐provided imaging protocols were assessed using ACR head and body ring CT phantoms, then compared to existing imaging modalities. Image quality analysis metrics included contrast‐to‐noise (CNR), spatial resolution, Hounsfield number (HU) accuracy, image scaling, and uniformity. All image quality assessments were made following the recommendations and passing criteria provided by the ACR. The Varian HyperSight CBCT imaging system demonstrated excellent image quality, with the majority of vendor‐provided imaging protocols capable of passing all ACR CT accreditation standards. Nearly all (8/11) vendor‐provided protocols passed ACR criteria using the ACR head phantom, with the Abdomen Large, Pelvis Large, and H&N vendor‐provided protocols produced HU uniformity values slightly exceeding passing criteria but remained within the allowable minor deviation levels (5–7 HU maximum differences). Compared to other existing CT and CBCT imaging modalities, both HyperSight Head and Pelvis imaging protocols matched the performance of the SOMATOM CT scanner, and both the HyperSight and SOMATOM CT substantially surpassed the performance of the Halcyon 2.0 and TrueBeam version 2.7 systems. Varian HyperSight CBCT imaging system could pass almost all tests for all vendor‐provided protocols using ACR accreditation criteria, with image quality similar to those produced by diagnostic CT scanners and significantly better than existing linac‐based CBCT imaging systems.
Stretchable Electronic Skin using Laser‐Induced Graphene and Liquid Metal with an Action Recognition System Powered by Machine Learning
Authors: Li Yanpeng , Matsumura Guren , Xuan Yan , Honda Satoko , Takei Kuniharu 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMonitoring tactile pressure and recognizing action are important functionalities for artificial electronic skin (e‐skin). Furthermore, in order to create conformable coverings for 3D objects, an e‐skin needs to be stretchable, without sacrificing sensitivity to tactile pressure. However, stretching of sensors normally affects their output stability. In this study, a stretchable e‐skin is developed using laser‐induced graphene and a liquid metal alloy, GaInSn, in an elastic ecoflex polymer to create a stretchable, resistive‐type tactile pressure sensor. Furthermore, a pressure sensor array is fabricated as an e‐skin, and output is signal‐processed using machine learning. With this system, the e‐skin also monitors its stretching state, with the result that tactile pressure can be calculated regardless of the degree of stretching. With machine learning‐assisted e‐skin, actions such as patting, sliding, and grabbing are successfully recognized in the manner of human skin.
Tuning the Electro‐Optic Properties of BaTiO3 Epitaxial Thin Films via Buffer Layer‐Controlled Polarization Rotation Paths
Authors: Yu Han , Guo Ning , Deng Chenguang , Han Haojie , Li Wei , Lebudi Collieus , Wang Sixu , Li Yuhan , Chen Yongjin , Peng Shang , Zhang Jinxing , Ma Jing , Zheng Qiang , Li Jing‐Feng , Li Qian 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBaTiO3 thin films emerge as a highly promising material platform for integrated photonics due to their outstanding electro‐optic properties and diverse functionalities. Despite extensive studies, there remains a notable gap in the understanding of the intricate relationship between the phase structure, domain switching kinetics and electro‐optic performance of these materials. By controlling the structural phase evolution, it is possible to gain deep insights into the physical mechanisms underlying the electro‐optic performance. Here, the phase constitution of BaTiO3 epitaxial thin films is successfully tuned by the insertion of a GdScO3 buffer layer. Continuous polarization rotation paths are observed from an out‐of‐plane tetragonal‐like phase, to an intermediate rhombohedral‐like phase, and finally an in‐plane tetragonal‐like phase, achieving an enhanced effective electro‐optic coefficient of 175 pm V−1 compared to unbuffered films. Furthermore, by in situ second harmonic generation microscopy and electro‐optic measurements, the domain switching behaviors in both statistical and spatially resolved manners are examined, resulting in a clear delineation of the key domain nucleation processes. The in‐depth explorations of these structural mechanisms and kinetics inform the rational design of strong electro‐optic thin films and help in the realization of high‐performance integrated photonic devices such as electro‐optic modulators and multilevel phase shifters.
Mastering the Lattice Strain in Bismuth‐Based Electrocatalysts for Efficient CO2‐to‐Formate Conversion
Authors: Liu Xinyan , Zheng Haiyan , Sun Qiming , He Jingting , Yao Xiaohui , Sun Chunyi , Shan Guogang , Zhang Min , Zhu Changyan , Su Zhongmin , Wang Xinlong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTuning the lattice strain of catalysts represents a powerful strategy to alter their electronic structures and ultimately regulate catalytic performance. Electrocatalytic CO2 reduction is a promising avenue to accomplish the carbon‐neutral cycle, however, there still lacks a distinct and systematic understanding of the lattice strain effect in CO2 electrochemical conversion. In this work, the influence of lattice strain on Bi (012) facets to formate production is studied. The pre‐executed density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that lattice compression promotes the wrinkling of exposed Bi surface and increases the total density of state (DOS) of active sites at the Fermi level. As the gradual intensification of lattice contraction, the selectivity of CO2 reduction exhibits a volcanic alteration, with an optimal lattice contraction of 3%. Experimentally synthesized Bi2O2CO3/Bi heterogeneous catalyst confirms the effect of lattice compression. When compression reaches −3.04% on Bi (012) facets, the catalyst possesses the highest Faraday efficiency (FE) of 96.17% at −1.2 VRHE and an industrially scalable current density of −600 mA cm−2. Additionally, in seawater‐based electrolysis, the catalyst also exhibits excellent remarkable FE of 95.43% of formate production.
Rigidity‐Enhanced Narrowband Iridium(III) Complexes with Finely‐Optimized Emission Spectra for Efficient Pure‐Red Electroluminescence
Authors: Yan Zhi‐Ping , Mao Meng‐Xi , Liu Qi‐Ming , Yuan Li , Luo Xu‐Feng , Liao Xiang‐Ji , Cai Wei , Zheng You‐Xuan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAttaining phosphorescent materials with narrowband emission is crucial for advancing wide‐color‐gamut organic light‐emitting diode (OLED). Herein, a rigid modification strategy is introduced for iridium(III) complexes to achieve the narrowband red emission with negligible 0–1 peak. By introducing the rigid indolo[3,2,1‐jk]carbazole (ICz) into the cyclometalated ligand, Ir(III) complexes, ICziq‐Ir and ICzqz‐Ir, exhibit pure red phosphorescence with emission peaks at 608 and 613 nm and full widths at half‐maximum (FWHMs) of 37 and 38 nm (0.12 and 0.13 eV) in toluene, respectively. Furthermore, the specific site modification of ICzqz‐Ir greatly suppresses the high‐frequency vibration of the structure, resulting in the narrowband photoluminescent spectrum close to the Gaussian distribution with superior color purity. The OLEDs utilizing ICziq‐Ir and ICzqz‐Ir demonstrate maximum external quantum efficiencies of 21.4 and 17.8% as well as mild efficiency roll‐off. Remarkably, the electroluminescence spectra exhibit similar narrowband red emission with FWHMs of 37 and 43 nm and CIE coordinates of (0.65, 0.35) and (0.66, 0.34), attesting to the excellent color purity of the phosphorescent OLEDs.
An “All‐In‐One” Immunomodulator‐Engineered Clinical Translatable Immunotherapy of Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Xie Ting , Huang Cong , Wang Yuqing , Zhang Haitao , Guo Pei , Phann Thuy Thu , Cheng Yao , Lei Longtianyang , Tao Zhenghao , Gao Qing , Wei Hua , Yu Cui‐Yun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractClinical treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a significant challenge. Utilizing 1‐bromoacetyl‐3,3‐dinitroazetidine (RRx‐001) to downregulate the expression of innate immune checkpoint molecule, cluster of differentiation 47 (CD47), provides a powerful means for treating advanced HCC containing abundant immunosuppressive macrophages. Herein engineering of a previously optimized Doxorubicin (DOX)‐delivery nanoplatform based on sodium alginate is reported to further co‐deliver RRx‐001 (biotinylated aldehyde alginate–doxorubicin micelle prodrug nanoplatform, BEA‐D@R) for efficient immunotherapy of advanced HCC. This groundbreaking technique reveals the “all‐in‐one” immunotherapeutic functionalities of RRx‐001. Besides the previously demonstrated functions of downregulating CD47 expression and increasing reactive nitrogen species (RNS) generation, another key function of RRx‐001 for downregulating the expression of the adaptive immune checkpoint molecule programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PDL1) is first uncovered here. Combined with the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and an upregulated “eat me” signal level of DOX, BEA‐D@R collectively increases RNS generation, enhances T‐cell infiltration, and maximizes macrophage phagocytosis, leading to an average of 40% tumor elimination in a mice model bearing an initial tumor volume of ≈300 mm3 that mimics advanced HCC. Overall, the “all‐in‐one” immunotherapeutic functionalities of a clinical translatable nanoplatform are uncovered for enhanced immunotherapy of advanced HCC.