bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hepatic Niemann-Pick C1–like 1: The canalicular side of the coin
Authors: Petruzzelli Michele , Moschetta Antonio , Kowdley Kris , McCaughan Geoffrey , Trautwein Christian 
Published: November 2007

Abstract

Niemann-Pick C1-like 1 (NPC1L1) is required for cholesterol absorption. Intestinal NPC1L1 appears to be a target of ezetimibe, a cholesterol absorption inhibitor that effectively lowers plasma LDL-cholesterol in humans. However, human liver also expresses NPC1L1. Hepatic function of NPC1L1 was previously unknown, but we recently discovered that NPC1L1 localizes to the canalicular membrane of primate hepatocytes and that NPC1L1 facilitates cholesterol uptake in hepatoma cells. Based upon these findings, we hypothesized that hepatic NPC1L1 allows the retention of biliary cholesterol by hepatocytes and that ezetimibe disrupts hepatic function of NPC1L1. To test this hypothesis, transgenic mice expressing human NPC1L1 in hepatocytes (L1-Tg mice) were created. Hepatic overexpression of NPC1L1 resulted in a 10- to 20-fold decrease in biliary cholesterol concentration, but not phospholipid and bile acid concentrations. This decrease was associated with a 30%–60% increase in plasma cholesterol, mainly because of the accumulation of apoE-rich HDL. Biliary and plasma cholesterol concentrations in these animals were virtually returned to normal with ezetimibe treatment. These findings suggest that in humans, ezetimibe may reduce plasma cholesterol by inhibiting NPC1L1 function in both intestine and liver, and hepatic NPC1L1 may have evolved to protect the body from excessive biliary loss of cholesterol.
The use of a colon cancer associated nuclear antigen CCSA‐2 for the blood based detection of colon cancer
Authors: Walgenbach‐Brunagel Gisela , Burger Bettina , Leman Eddy S. , Walgenbach Klaus‐J. , Tolba Rene , Heukamp Lukas , Hirner Andreas , Getzenberg Robert H. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe early diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) is central for effective treatment, as prognosis is directly related to the stage of the disease. Development of tumor markers found in the blood from patients, which can detect CRC at an early stage, should have a major impact in morbidity and mortality of this disease. The nuclear matrix is the structural scaffolding of the nucleus and specific nuclear matrix proteins (NMPs) have been identified as an “fingerprint” for various cancer types. Previous studies from our laboratory have identified four colon cancer associated NMPs termed colon cancer‐specific antigen (CCSA)‐2 to (CCSA)‐5. The objective of the present study was to analyze the expression of one of these proteins, CCSA‐2 in serum from various patient populations and to determine whether CCSA‐2 antibodies could be used in a clinically applicable serum‐based immunoassay specifically to detect colon cancer. Using an indirect ELISA, which detects CCSA‐2, the protein was measured in the serum from 174 individuals, including healthy individuals, patients with colon cancer, patients with diverticulosis, colon polyps, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) as well as other cancer types. With a predetermined cutoff absorbance of 0.6 OD we have successfully utilized this approach to develop an immunoassay that detected colon cancer. The immunoassay showed a sensitivity of 88.8% (24/27) and an overall specificity of 84.2% (106/127). This initial study showed the potential of CCSA‐2 to serve as a highly specific blood based marker for colon cancer. Although potentially promising, the results of this study must be confirmed in larger independent validation studies. J. Cell. Biochem. 104: 286–294, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Anger in Parkinson's disease: A case‐control study
Authors: Macías Yolanda , Benito‐León Julián , Louis Elan D. , Cano‐Vindel Antonio 
Published: November 2007

AbstractCognitive‐psychiatric features of Parkinson's disease (PD) are common and they may be as disabling as the motor features of the disease. PD has been associated with stoic and inflexible personality traits. While many features of personality have been studied in PD, a systematic study of anger trait and anger expression in PD has not been performed. We used the Spanish adapted version of the state–trait anger Expression Inventory‐2 (STAXI‐2), comprised of six scales and an anger expression index, to measure anger trait and anger expression. There were 126 PD patients with depressive symptoms and 126 age‐ and gender‐matched controls. PD patients had lower levels of state anger (15.8 ± 3.1 vs. 17.9 ± 5.3, P < 0.001), trait anger (19.2 ± 5.3 vs. 20.7 ± 6.0, P < 0.05), anger expression‐out (9.0 ± 2.5 vs. 10.5 ± 3.0, P < 0.001), and anger expression index (26.1 ± 8.8 vs. 29.6 ± 9.4, P = 0.002); and higher levels in anger expression‐in (14.0 ± 3.4 vs. 12.2 ± 3.2, P < 0.001), anger control‐out (18.6 ± 5.0 vs. 16.1 ± 5.0, P < 0.001), and anger control‐in (14.3 ± 4.7 vs. 13.0 ± 4.5, P < 0.05) than controls. These differences persisted in analyses adjusting for age, gender, and depressive symptoms. Conclusions: PD patients showed lower levels of external expression of anger and higher levels of control of anger. Our results demonstrate another dimension to the stoic personality trait seen in PD. © 2007 Movement Disorder Society
The video images of sleep attacks in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Hirayama Masaaki , Nakamura Tomohiko , Hori Norio , Koike Yasuo , Sobue Gen 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe describe a sleep attack, which was induced by taking excessive levodopa and pergolide, in a 73‐year‐old woman with Parkinson's disease. At the onset of the sleep attack, her head suddenly sagged and sometimes hit the table, but she did not notice these symptoms. Her family noticed that this sleep attack occurred when she began to speak slowly. Her family recorded this attack with a video camera. This sleep attack resolved with control of her medication. This is the first report of video images of a sleep attack due to excessive levodopa and a dopamine agonist. © 2007 Movement Disorder Society
Novel GCH1 mutation in a Brazilian family with dopa‐responsive dystonia
Authors: Camargos Sarah Teixeira , Cardoso Francisco , Momeni Parastoo , Gurgel Gianetti Juliana , Lees Andrew , Hardy John , Singleton Andrew 
Published: November 2007

AbstractDopa responsive Dystonia (DRD) was first described in 1971 and typically begins at childhood with gait dysfunction caused by foot dystonia progressing to affect other extremities. There is marked diurnal fluctuation and sustained improvement of symptoms with low dose levodopa therapy. Heterozygous mutation of the gene GCH1 has been shown to cause DRD. We studied GCH1 in nine patients with DRD from six families of Federal University of Minas Gerais Movement Disorders Clinic. We identified three mutations; two affected siblings carried a novel T209P mutation and two siblings from another family were compound heterozygous carriers of Met211Val and Lys224Arg mutations. To our knowledge this is the first report of GCH1 mutations underlying DRD in patients from Brazil. © 2007 Movement Disorder Society
Design and characterization of a new irreversible responsive PARACEST MRI contrast agent that detects nitric oxide
Authors: Liu Guanshu , Li Yuguo , Pagel Mark D. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIrreversible responsive PARAmagnetic Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (PARACEST) MRI contrast agents constitute a new type of agent for molecular imaging. To investigate the utility of this approach, a novel PARACEST MRI contrast agent, Yb(III)‐(1,4,7,10‐tetraazacyclododecane‐1,4,7‐triacetic acid)‐orthoaminoanilide (Yb‐DO3A‐oAA), was developed that detects nitric oxide (NO). The agent exhibited two CEST effects at −11 ppm and +8 ppm, which were assigned to chemical exchange from amide and amine functional groups, respectively. The effects of pH, temperature, and concentration were investigated to characterize the complex and to optimize PARACEST detection. This responsive PARACEST MRI contrast agent incurred an irreversible covalent change in the presence of NO and O2, which caused an irreversible disappearance of both PARACEST effects from MR images. The NO‐dependent response of a relaxivity‐based MRI contrast agent, Gd‐DO3A‐oAA, was investigated for comparison. This report highlights the advantages of irreversible MRI contrast agents, demonstrates that large changes in PARACEST can be used to create a highly responsive agent, and indicates challenges that must be overcome to apply this type of contrast agent to in vivo biomedical applications in molecular imaging. Magn Reson Med, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A simple and efficient post‐processing method for the computation of interfaces by local Reissner method
Authors: Manet V. , Han W.‐S. , Vautrin A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractSandwich materials are currently much valued in industry, especially in transport (automotive, aeronautics, shipbuilding and railroads) and civil engineering. Because of this rise of interest, it becomes more and more important to develop analysis tools able to take their specificities into account.Herein, we introduce a very simple and efficient post‐processing method especially developed for heterogeneous materials such as sandwich structures.The method, based on Reissner principle, permits to fulfill the force equilibrium at interfaces between different layers, the skins and the core whose mechanical properties are very different, and yields accurate results for continuous stress components even with a coarse meshing through the thickness of the structure.Only small matrices are involved in the computation, leading to an easy programming and implementation even in existing finite element packages. Moreover, the problem caused by nodal extrapolation of stress components from Gauss points is removed.The present formulation, detailed in 2D for a simple illustration, is also valid in 3D.Finally, the method is assessed in the classical case of a simply supported beam under uniform pressure as well as in the non‐standard case like a U‐beam. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Thermal and mechanical properties of particulate fillers filled epoxy composites for electronic packaging application
Authors: Teh P. L. , Jaafar M. , Akil H. M. , Seetharamu K. N. , Wagiman A. N. R. , Beh K. S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractEpoxy composites containing particulate fillers‐fused silica, glass powder, and mineral silica were investigated to be used as substrate materials in electronic packaging application. The content of fillers were varied between 0 and 40 vol%. The effects of the fillers on the thermal properties—thermal stability, thermal expansion and dynamic mechanical properties of the epoxy composites were studied, and it was found that fused silica, glass powder, and mineral silica increase the thermal stability and dynamic thermal mechanical properties and reduce the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE). The lowest CTE value was observed at a fused silica content of 40 vol% for the epoxy composites, which was traced to the effect of its nature of low intrinsic CTE value of the fillers. The mechanical properties of the epoxy composites were determined in both flexural and single‐edge notch (SEN‐T) fracture toughness properties. Highest flexural strength, stiffness, and toughness values were observed at fillers content of 40 vol% for all the filled epoxy composites. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrograph showed poor filler–matrix interaction in glass powder filled epoxy composites at 40 vol%. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Enhanced analytical power of SDS‐PAGE using machine learning algorithms
Authors: Supek Fran , Peharec Petra , Krsnik‐Rasol Marijana , Šmuc Tomislav 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe aim to demonstrate that a complex plant tissue protein mixture can be reliably “fingerprinted” by running conventional 1‐D SDS‐PAGE in bulk and analyzing gel banding patterns using machine learning methods. An unsupervised approach to filter noise and systemic biases (principal component analysis) was coupled to state‐of‐the‐art supervised methods for classification (support vector machines) and attribute ranking (ReliefF) to improve tissue discrimination, visualization, and recognition of important gel regions.
The chicken egg yolk plasma and granule proteomes
Authors: Mann Karlheinz , Mann Matthias 
Published: November 2007

AbstractUsing 1‐D SDS‐PAGE, LC‐MS/MS, and MS3, we identified 119 proteins from chicken egg yolk, 86 of which were not identified in yolk previously. Proteins were roughly quantitated by calculating their exponentially modified protein abundance index (emPAI) to classify them as major or minor yolk components, and to estimate their distribution between yolk plasma and yolk granular fraction. The proteins with highest abundance were serum albumin, the vitellogenin cleavage products, apovitellenins, IgY, ovalbumin, and 12 kDa serum protein with cross‐reactivity to β2‐microglobulin. In addition yolk contained many other serum and egg white proteins, the proteases nothepsin and thrombin, numerous protease inhibitors, and antioxidative enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase. Among the moderately abundant proteins were two α2‐macroglobulin‐like proteins different from egg white α2‐macroglobulin, and the major biotin‐binding protein of yolk. An unexpected identification was that of the eggshell matrix protein ovocleidin‐116, which was previously thought to be eggshell‐specific. The list of chicken egg yolk proteins provided in this report is by far the most comprehensive at present and may serve as a starting point for the characterization of less well‐known yolk proteins.
Influence of road pavement on behaviour of soil‐steel bridge structure
Authors: Mańko Zbigniew , Beben Damian 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe paper presents the test procedures used for static load testing of a single‐span road bridge, made from Super Cor corrugated steel plates, over the Bystrzyca Dusznicka River in Szczytna Zdrój, Poland and an analysis of the obtained results. The conclusions drawn from this research can be useful for engineering practice, particularly for determining the interaction between the steel corrugated‐plate shell structure and the surrounding soil, and they can be extended to the whole class of such bridge designs.
Weight-loss maintenance 1, 2 and 5 years after successful completion of a weight-loss programme
Authors: Lowe Michael R. , Kral Tanja V. E. , Miller-Kovach Karen 
Published: November 2007

The objective was to assess weight-loss maintenance in individuals who successfully completed a commercial weight-loss programme at multiple sites in the United States. A total of 699 lifetime members of Weight Watchers represented the national sample and 217 additional lifetime members served as an oversample. Lifetime members were asked to self-report their current weight 1, 2, and 5 years after they had successfully completed the programme. Additional lifetime members served as an oversample whose weights were measured. The discrepancy between reported and measured weight in the oversample was used to adjust the self-reported weights of the national sample. Seventy-one percent of participants were middle-aged or older and 95·3 % were female; their mean starting BMI was 27·6 (sd 3·6) kg/m2. The percentage of Weight Watchers lifetime members who maintained at least 5 % of their weight loss 1, 2 and 5 years after successful completion of the programme was 79·8, 71·0, and 50·0, respectively. The percentage of participants who remained below their goal weight 1, 2 and 5 years after completion of the programme was 26·5, 20·5, and 16·2, respectively. Results obtained with this group of successful Weight Watchers members are not directly comparable to those obtained with clinical samples of obese dieters because the current sample comprises only the most successful Weight Watchers participants. However, these results provide further evidence that maintenance of weight loss in those who successfully lose weight in one commercial weight-loss programme is more feasible than data from clinical populations have suggested.
Addition of oat hulls to an extruded rice-based diet for weaner pigs ameliorates the incidence of diarrhoea and reduces indices of protein fermentation in the gastrointestinal tract
Authors: Kim Jae Cheol , Mullan Bruce P. , Hampson David J. , Pluske John R. 
Published: November 2007

An experiment was conducted to determine whether adding oat hulls to weaner pig diets based on extruded rice or unprocessed wheat influenced post-weaning diarrhoea (PWD) and protein fermentation in the large intestine. Ninety-six male piglets (5·16 (sem 0·08) kg) were allocated to (i) extruded rice plus animal proteins (RAP); (ii) RAP with added oat hulls (20 g/kg); (iii) wheat plus animal proteins (WAP); (iv) WAP with added oat hulls (20 g/kg). Blood and faecal samples were collected on days 7 and 14 after weaning at about age 21 d. Pigs fed RAP had more PWD than pigs fed WAP (P < 0·05). Oat hull supplementation to diet RAP decreased the incidence of PWD (P < 0·05). The total-tract digestibility of DM, starch and energy was higher in rice-based diets than in wheat-based diets (P < 0·001); however, oat hulls decreased digestibility of DM and gross energy (P < 0·001). Pigs fed RAP had higher plasma creatinine concentrations (P < 0·01), which were positively correlated to cumulative β-haemolytic Escherichia coli scores after weaning (R2 0·928; P = 0·015). Addition of oat hulls decreased plasma urea concentrations only in pigs fed RAP (interaction; P < 0·05). Pigs fed RAP had lower faecal total biogenic amine concentrations than pigs fed WAP (P < 0·001). Oat hull supplementation tended to decrease total biogenic amine concentrations (P = 0·103). These data indirectly suggest that a mostly insoluble dietary fibre source such as oat hulls can decrease PWD in dietary situations where there may be a misbalance of carbohydrate to protein entering the hindgut.
The mucosal cellular response to infection withAncylostoma ceylanicum
Authors: Alkazmi L.M.M. , Dehlawi M.S. , Behnke J.M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAlthough hookworms are known to stimulate inflammatory responses in the intestinal mucosa of their hosts, there is little quantitative data on this aspect of infection. Here we report the results of experiments conducted in hamsters infected withAncylostoma ceylanicum. Infection resulted in a marked increase in goblet cells in the intestinal mucosa, which was dependent on the number of adult worms present and was sustained as long as worms persisted (over 63 days) but returned to baseline levels within 7 days of the removal of worms by treatment with ivermectin. Increased mast cell responses were also recorded. Levels were again dependent on the intensity of worm burdens and lasted as long as 63 days after infection. When worms were eliminated, mast cell numbers took over 2 weeks to return to normal. Paneth cell numbers fell soon after infection, the degree of reduction being dependent on the worm burden. After clearance of worms, Paneth cell numbers returned to normal within a week, but then rebounded and numbers rose to higher levels than those in control naïve animals. The time course of the response was similar whether animals experienced a chronic low-intensity infection without loss of worms or a higher intensity infection during the course of which worm burdens were gradually reduced. Clearly,A. ceylanicumwas able to induce a marked inflammatory response in its host's intestine which was sustained for over 9 weeks after infection, and which hamsters appeared able to tolerate well. Our data draw attention to the resilience of hookworms which, unlike many other nematodes, are able to survive for many weeks in a highly inflamed intestinal tract.
The Other Side of Agency
Authors: Reader Soran 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIn our philosophical tradition and our wider culture, we tend to think of persons as agents. This agential conception is flattering, but in this paper I will argue that it conceals a more complex truth about what persons are. In 1. I set the issues in context. In 2. I critically explore four features commonly presented as fundamental to personhood in versions of the agential conception: action, capability, choice and independence. In 3. I argue that each of these agential features presupposes a non-agential feature: agency presupposes patiency, capability presupposes incapability, choice presupposes necessity and independence presupposes dependency. In 4. I argue that such non-agential features, as well as being implicit within the agential conception, are as apt to be constitutive of personhood as agential features, and in 5. I conclude.
An assessment of the uses of homologous interactions
Authors: Saeed Ramazan , Deane Charlotte 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
Motivation: Protein–protein interactions have proved to be a valuable starting point for understanding the inner workings of the cell. Computational methodologies have been built which both predict interactions and use interaction datasets in order to predict other protein features. Such methods require gold standard positive (GSP) and negative (GSN) interaction sets. Here we examine and demonstrate the usefulness of homologous interactions in predicting good quality positive and negative interaction datasets.
Results: We generate GSP interaction sets as subsets from experimental data using only interaction and sequence information. We can therefore produce sets for several species (many of which at present have no identified GSPs). Comprehensive error rate testing demonstrates the power of the method. We also show how the use of our datasets significantly improves the predictive power of algorithms for interaction prediction and function prediction.
Furthermore, we generate GSN interaction sets for yeast and examine the use of homology along with other protein properties such as localization, expression and function. Using a novel method to assess the accuracy of a negative interaction set, we find that the best single selector for negative interactions is a lack of co-function. However, an integrated method using all the characteristics shows significant improvement over any current method for identifying GSN interactions. The nature of homologous interactions is also examined and we demonstrate that interologs are found more commonly within species than across species.
Conclusion: GSP sets built using our homologous verification method are demonstrably better than standard sets in terms of predictive ability. We can build such GSP sets for several species. When generating GSNs we show a combination of protein features and lack of homologous interactions gives the highest quality interaction sets.
Availability: GSP and GSN datasets for all the studied species can be downloaded from http://www.stats.ox.ac.uk/~deane/HPIV
Contact: saeed@stats.ox.ac.uk
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.