bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparedness to type ΙΙ Diabetes and its correlation to food quality among students at the Syrian Private University
Authors: Al-rabdawy Abdullah , Al-mubarak Muhammad , Mardini Heba 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Introduction:
Diabetes is one of the most common diseases in the world and is caused by high blood sugar as a result of the body's inability to use insulin properly.
There are several factors that increase the risk of type II diabetes whether it's age, familial history, unhealthy lifestyle, unbalanced diet, and many others that raise the preparedness for type II diabetes and that's what we'll study in the research.
Materials and Methods:
A pilot study of the type of a cross-sectional study. This study targeted students at the Syrian Private University. The sample was selected randomly, and about (215) students were elected who met specific admission criteria, the most important of which was the presence of the necessary data in the conducted questionnaire, while all students were excluded according to specific exclusion criteria. Data related to this study were collected using paper Questionnaire forms. These forms were designed by the student responsible for the research under the supervision of the professor responsible for the thesis, and the information necessary to fill out these forms was collected by filling out the questionnaire by the sample members whom are the students of the Syrian Private University.
Results:
In this research, we found an important correlation between the general routine diet and the diabetes preparedness rate. By studying different dietary patterns, the result was clear that an integrated dietary routine is an effective means of preventing and avoiding diabetes type II.
It showed a relationship between several dietary patterns (such as; legumes, soft drinks, fast meals and many other dietary patterns ) and preparedness factor.
In addition to the effect of the diet on a number of risk factors, the effect of the diet was found on the risk factors studied, i.e. the proportion of the effect of the factor varies according to the diet followed.
Conclusion:
Changing lifestyle is the best way to prevent type 2 diabetes or delay its onset, especially by exercising, abstaining from smoking, and performing periodic examinations, especially paying attention to diet, as the study showed significant relationships and an important fundamental effect of diet on many risk factors. predisposition to diabetes, and maintaining moderate and acceptable proportions of carbohydrates and proteins. We also found that the general diet has an important effect on each patient’s risk rate and his or her level of predisposition to developing diabetes.
Synthesis of new multifunctional linolenic acid vanillyl ester and investigation of antioxidant and antibacterial activities
Authors: Marvella Jennifer Indra , Kim Hyung-Kwoun 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Vanillyl alcohol (VA) possesses potent antioxidant activity, yet its applicability is hindered by its limited solubility in emulsions or non-polar organic solvents. Conversely, long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids exhibit antibacterial properties. The combination of these compounds offers the prospect of developing novel phenolic lipid compounds with dual antioxidant and antibacterial activities, alongside enhanced solubility capabilities. In this investigation, linolenic acid vanillyl ester (LAVE) was synthesized from VA and linseed oil (LO) through a transesterification reaction employing immobilized lipase. Optimization of LAVE production was achieved by varying reaction temperature, substrate concentration, and reaction time. LAVE demonstrated efficacy in scavenging both 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl and 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) radicals in organic solvents. Antioxidant testing via lipid oxidation analysis revealed that LAVE, when distributed within emulsions, effectively impeded the formation of conjugated dienes and conjugated trienes. Furthermore, LAVE exhibited antibacterial activity against four strains of spoilage bacteria: Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus coagulans, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and Alcaligenes faecalis. Zeta potential analysis substantiated the binding of LAVE to the bacterial cell surface. Propidium iodide uptake assay and fluorescence microscopy further elucidated that LAVE induces cell lysis by augmenting membrane permeability.
Brain dynamics reflecting an intra-network brain state is associated with increased posttraumatic stress symptoms in the early aftermath of trauma
Authors: Sendi Mohammad , Fu Zening , Harnett Nathaniel , Rooij Sanne van , Vergara Victor , Pizzagalli Diego , Daskalakis Nikolaos , House Stacey , Beaudoin Francesca , An Xinming , Neylan Thomas , Clifford Gari , Jovanovic Tanja , Linnstaedt Sarah , Germine Laura , Bollen Kenneth , Rauch Scott , Haran John , Storrow Alan , Lewandowski Christopher , Musey Paul , Hendry Phyllis , Sheikh Sophia , Jones Christopher , Punches Brittany , Swor Robert , Gentile Nina , Murty Vishnu , Hudak Lauren , Pascual Jose , Seamon Mark , Harris Erica , Chang Anna , Pearson Claire , Peak David , Merchant Roland , Domeier Robert , Rathlev Niels , O'Neil Brian , Sergot Paulina , Sanchez Leon , Bruce Steven , Sheridan John , Harte Steven , Kessler Ronald , Koenen Karestan , McLean Samuel , Stevens Jennifer , Calhoun Vince , Ressler Kerry 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

This study examines the association between brain dynamic functional network connectivity (dFNC) and current/future posttraumatic stress (PTS) symptom severity, and the impact of sex on this relationship. By analyzing 275 participants’ dFNC data obtained ~2 weeks after trauma exposure, we noted that brain dynamics of an inter-network brain state link negatively with current (r=-0.179, pcorrected= 0.021) and future (r=-0.166, pcorrected= 0.029) PTS symptom severity. Also, dynamics of an intra-network brain state correlated with future symptom intensity (r = 0.192, pcorrected = 0.021). We additionally observed that the association between the network dynamics of the inter-network brain state with symptom severity is more pronounced in females (r=-0.244, pcorrected = 0.014). Our findings highlight a potential link between brain network dynamics in the aftermath of trauma with current and future PTSD outcomes, with a stronger protective effect of inter-network brain states against symptom severity in females, underscoring the importance of sex differences.
Ultra enhanced boost active switched based quasi Z-source inverter
Authors: Dutta Avismit , Das Sudhansu Sekhar , Panda Aurobinda 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

A high voltage gain inverter is essential requirements in high voltage applications. Z-source inverter (ZSI) is widely used for such a kind of applications. However, as the time goes on, new applications needed more boosting voltage from limited magnitude of voltage source. Hence effort is still continuing to increase the gain of ZSI but using optimum number of components. In most recently some ultra-gain topologies has been published in literature. The gain of these ultra-gain topologies is highest in contemporary times. However still there is a possibility to increase the voltage gain using same number of components that are already used in the ultra-gain topologies. In this manuscript, a topology has been proposed which provide higher voltage gain among the latest ultra-gain topologies. The proposed topology uses an active switch in the impedance network along with the components. The mathematical model along with the simulink and hardware model has been presented in the manuscript.
Implementing ultrasound education: An active learning programme (Skills Labs) for midwifery students
Authors: Ricci Francesca , Canepa Matilde , Michelerio Virginia 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background:
Since 2011, in Italy, midwives have been granted the authorization to employ ultrasound as a valuable tool for monitoring maternal and foetal parameters. This technology enables timely and accurate interpretation and assessment of the normal progression of pregnancy and labor. This specialized skill can only be acquired through comprehensive training for both practitioners and students.
This study aimed to implement a structured learning program for developing the technical and practical skills required for obstetric ultrasound using a field-based laboratory teaching approach.
Additionally, the study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the teaching methodology used.
Methods:
The approved experimental study was conducted at a university in northern Italy.
This initiative engaged thirty-seven students in their second and third years of the midwifery degree program at the University of Genoa. In addition to their standard coursework, they participated in a two-hour session, which entailed viewing instructional video tutorials. Subsequently, they collaborated in small groups to construct a checklist for conducting obstetric ultrasounds during pregnancy and generate a shared document.
Following this preparatory phase, each student independently performed five scans on pregnant women attending San Martino Polyclinic Hospital in Genoa.
The study sample, consisting of 83 women, included singleton pregnancies in the third trimester. Learning progress was evaluated using the prepared checklist.
This study used the validated Student Satisfaction and Self-confidence in Learning Scale questionnaire to assess the effectiveness of the teaching methodology, which was a secondary objective of the study.
Results:
The results unequivocally demonstrated the practical efficacy and utility of the project, along with the high levels of satisfaction reported by the participating students from both academic years.
Conclusion:
Consequently, there is a strong case for incorporating this initiative into the curriculum of the midwifery degree program, thereby ensuring the continuity of this project that arose because of this study.
Although the study results are positive, the researchers suggest conducting a follow-up evaluation one year later to determine whether the skills acquired through the training are retained over time.
Trial registration:
The Ethics Committee approved the study (Resolution No. 1151 of 19/07/2023).
No Evidence of a Genetic Causal Relationship between Metabolic Syndrome and Low Back Pain: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Zhang Lele , Xu Yuzhu , Fan Pan , Wang Yuntao 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background: To investigate the causal relationship between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and low back pain (LBP) using Mendelian randomization (MR).
Methods: A two-sample MR analysis was conducted using summary statistics from a public genetic variation database for a European population. The primary analysis employed the inverse variance weighting method (IVW), with supplementary methods including the weighted median model, MR-Egger, simple model, and weighted model. Cochran’s Q test, MR-Egger regression, MR Pleiotropy RESidual Sum and Outlier test (MR-PRESSO), and the leave-one-out (LOO) sensitivity test were applied to assess heterogeneity and pleiotropy of identified instrumental variables (IVs). TwoSampleMR and MR-PRESSO packages in R software conducted all analyses.
Results: The IVW method indicated that MetS (OR=1.003, 95%CI=1.002-1.004, P=3.47×10-6) and waist circumference (OR=1.003, 95%CI= 1.002-1.004, P=1.03×10-6) were linked to an increased risk of LBP in the European population. However, the OR was close to 1, suggesting a lack of a causal relationship. No statistically significant association was found between fasting blood glucose (OR= 0.999, 95% CI= 0.997-1.002, P= 0.661), hypertension (OR= 1.005, 95% CI= 0.997-1.013, P= 0.241), triglycerides (OR= 1.000, 95% CI= 0.999-1.001, P= 0.757), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (OR= 0.999, 95% CI= 0.998-1.000, P= 0.069), and LBP in the European population. The funnel plot was symmetric and LOO sensitivity analysis showed that the results of the MR analysis were not driven by a single SNP. Moreover, no heterogeneity, horizontal pleiotropy or outliers were identified.
Conclusions: This MR study does not support a causal relationship between MetS and its components and the risk of LBP.
Flow reactor experiments of high-temperature graphite oxidation and nitridation
Authors: Anderson Nicholas A. , Zolfaghari Philip , Bhattacharya Souvik , Capponi Lorenzo , Oldham Trey , Sankaran R. Mohan , Elliott Gregory S. , Panerai Francesco 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Predicting the gas-surface interactions of solid carbon is necessary for the design of many engineering systems that employ graphite. Experimental determination of the reaction rates improves the fidelity of those predictions. Here, we study oxidation and nitridation of graphite by thermal and non-thermal, plasma assisted processes. Experiments are conducted at a pressure of 2 kPa, higher than previous flow reactor experiments of this kind and closer to the conditions experienced in engineering applications. At these higher pressures, the limitations of mass transport and the interference between oxygen and nitrogen species become important. Reaction rates are determined from mass loss, reaction products are identified with mass spectrometry, and surface roughening is characterized by electron microscopy.
Enhancing Efficiency in Explicit 3D Geological Modeling and Accuracy of Attribute Interpolation for Urban Underground Spaces: A Case Study in Shanghai
Authors: Xue Tao , Hang Zhenquan , Shib Yujin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Three-dimensional (3D) geological modeling plays a crucial role in the development of urban underground spaces. Currently, the process of 3D geological modeling for urban underground spaces confronts challenges related to data sparsity and limited automation. In addition, the attribute interpolation method does not consider the influence of strata, which undermines the precision of the interpolation. This paper presents an automated process for creating 3D geological models using multisource data. Initially, diverse geological profiles, seismic records, and contour data from various sources were amalgamated into unified virtual borehole data, augmenting the actual borehole data in 3D geological modeling. Subsequently, a hierarchical approach was developed and implemented to improve the explicit modeling efficiency of automatic 3D geological model construction. Ultimately, 3D geological structures are categorized into various configurations, such as single layer, horizontal stratification, and average layering, tailored to meet specific requirements. Incorporating pertinent stratigraphic data during the interpolation phase enhances the accuracy of attribute model interpolation. This study offers technical support for the development and utilization of urban underground spaces in Shanghai.
Can general exercise be used as an empowering tool among women with endometriosis? Experiences and practice among women with endometriosis and women’s health physiotherapists
Authors: Tennfjord Merete , Gabrielsen Rakel , Bø Kari , Engh Marie Ellström , Molin Marianne 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
The potential benefit of exercise to alleviate symptoms of endometriosis is unclear. Still, exercise may be used to empower women and manage disease symptoms. The purpose of this study was twofold: 1) to explore how general exercise is experienced among women with endometriosis and 2) to assess whether women’s health physiotherapists are implementing exercise in their treatment.
Methods
Qualitative interviews were performed with 19 women with endometriosis, recruited after cessation of a randomized controlled trial (RCT), testing the effect of exercise as self-management (10 from the exercise group and nine from the control group). Responses to the question “Did participation in the study change your view of exercise as part of the treatment for endometriosis?“ were analyzed. In addition, a cross-sectional survey was performed among women's health physiotherapists working in the Nordic countries (n = 108), exploring their practice of manual treatments and supervised general exercise for endometriosis patients. Associations with manual and combined treatments of manual treatment and supervised regular general exercise were explored in relation to experience in women's health, assumed patient severity, and working in an interdisciplinary setting. Chi-square tests were used.
Results
From the RCT, the women from the exercise and control groups brought forward the importance of knowledge about the benefits of exercise to make informed decisions in disease management. The women in the exercise group described how exercise was perceived as less frightening and manageable when exposed to various intensities and types of exercises in a safe and supportive environment. The supervised exercise brought an extra dimension of belonging through group participation. From the survey, 75% of the physiotherapists stated to offer manual treatments only, whereas 24% combined manual treatments with regular supervised general exercise training individually or in groups. No differences between groups related to the variables of interest were found.
Conclusions
To experience exercise as safe and non-threatening, creating a sense of belonging through regular supervision and guidance is essential. Still, few women's health physiotherapists offer exercise for self-management of pain as part of their daily practice in treating women with endometriosis.
Trial registration
NCT05091268
Study on the Pharmacological Mechanism of the Xihuang Pill and its Treatment of Breast Cancer Based on Nontargeted Metabonomics
Authors: Su Yi-fan , Zhao Xiao-hui , Li De-hui , Liu Jiao , Liu Xu-kuo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Objective. To study the main differential metabolites of Xihuang Pill (XHP) in rat serum and the mechanism of related pathways of metabolites on breast cancer.
Method. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of metabolites in XHP drug serum group and blank serum group by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) technology. And using sample correlation heat map and multivariate statistical analysis methods to compare the metabolic differences between the two groups. The metabolites were analyzed by cluster analysis, Variable Importance in Projection (VIP) analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of genes and Genomes (KEGG) compound classification and KEGG functional and enrichment topology analysis.
Result. LC-MS technology identified a total of 765 metabolites in the XHP drug serum group; a total of 697 metabolites in the blank serum group. VIP analysis screened the top 30 serum differential metabolites that were significantly different between the two groups, such as Abscisic acid, Quillaic acid, 2,2-Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-propanol, Corey PG-Lactone Diol, (S)-Naproxen and so on. KEGG compound classification showed that most of the metabolites in XHP were classified as phospholipids and amino acids, steroid hormones and carboxylic acids . KEGG functional pathways main involved are Lipid metabolism, Amino acid metabolism, Cancer: overview. KEGG enrichment and topology analysis, mainly involved in steroid hormone biosynthesis pathway and beta-alanine metabolism pathway.
Conclusion. The main differential metabolite of XHP in rat serum may be Abscisic acid. XHP may exert its pharmacological effect on breast cancer by regulating steroid hormone biosynthesis pathway to regulate estrogen and progesterone levels and beta-alanine metabolism pathway to induce cancer cell apoptosis.
Machine learning-based bioinformatics analysis of common hub genes associated with oxidative stress and immune infiltration in COPD and atherosclerosis Running title: Bioinformatics analysis of common hub OS genes in COPD and Atherosclerosis
Authors: 全 金海 , Fan Weijie , 李 仕森 , Xie Huaijin , Quan BiChen , Li Shanghai , Huang Ruina , Liang Weijun 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and atherosclerosis (AS) are both chronic irreversible diseases in the aged population, with oxidative stress (OS) and immune activation as the pathological basis. This study explored the common hub gene associated with OS and immune cell infiltration in AS and COPD.
Methods
Genes associated with AS were identified by the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) analysis and weighted gene co‑expression network analysis (WGCNA) in the GSE100927 dataset. Genes associated with COPD were analyzed by WGCNA in the GSE76925 dataset. Functional enrichment analysis was carried out by Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). The common hub OS-related genes were analyzed by the intersection of the WGCNA modules of AS and COPD and OS‑related genes, protein–protein interaction (PPI), and lasso regression. The diagnostic value of the hub common genes was assessed by receiver operating characteristic analysis. The association of the hub common genes with immune infiltration in AS and COPD was analyzed by the Spearman correlation method.
Results
A total of 455 DEGs (336 upregulated genes and 139 downregulated genes) were identified in GSE100927. The turquoise module of WGCNA in GSE100927 and the yellow module of WGCNA in GSE76925, which are the most relevant modules, were intersected and obtained 25 common OS-related genes between AS and COPD. Those common OS-related genes were enriched in signaling pathways related to immunity and OS. Two hub common OS-related genes (SELL and MMP9) were identified and showed good diagnostic value in AS and COPD. The Spearman correlation analysis showed that the hub common OS-related genes positively or negatively correlated with various infiltrating immune cells.
Conclusion
Our study identified the common hub genes (SELL and MMP9) associated with OS and immune infiltration in AS and COPD, providing candidate therapeutic targets for AS combined with COPD.