bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Techno-economic assessment of hydrogen application in cereal crop farming
Authors: Anthony Katumwesigye , Hellström Magnus , Spohr Jonas 
Published: February 2025

The application of hydrogen in modern farming is transitioning from a conceptual idea to a practical reality, poised to meet future agricultural machinery requirements and transition goals. Increasing tensions between farmers and various institutions underscore the growing sensitivity around fossil fuel dependency in the agricultural sector, particularly in northern economies. This study investigates the economic feasibility of using decentralized hydrogen systems to fully replace fossil fuels in cereal crop farming across four agricultural zones. Specifically, it examines the economic viability of on-farm hydrogen production using electrolysers to meet the fuel needs of different farm structures. Various scenarios were modelled to assess the impact of switching to hydrogen fuel for annual farm operations, using Net Present Value (NPV) and Levelized Cost of Hydrogen (LCOH) metrics for hydrogen refuelling facilities on distinct farm structures. The results indicate that economic feasibility is a significant challenge, with LCOH reaching as high as 57 €/kg of hydrogen in some cases, while the best-case scenarios achieved LCOH as low as 7.5 €/kg. These figures remain significantly higher than those for diesel and alternative fuels such as methane, FAME, and HVO. The study also assessed strategies for reducing hydrogen production costs using low-cost electricity and maximizing plant efficiency by increasing the electrolyser utilization rate to 70%. Additionally, the potential for revenue generation through the sale of by-products was explored. Our findings highlight both the challenges and opportunities associated with hydrogen use in agriculture, emphasizing the critical role of access to renewable energy sources and the economic limitations of by-product revenue streams. In conclusion, while decentralized hydrogen production can contribute to emission reductions in cereal crop farming, further research and policy support are essential to improve its feasibility and sustainability.
Exploring avocado consumption and health: a scoping review and evidence map
Authors: Fleming Stephen A. , Paul Tristen L. , Fleming Rachel A. F. , Ventura Alison K. , McCrory Megan A. , Whisner Corrie M. , Spagnuolo Paul A. , Dye Louise , Kraft Jana , Ford Nikki A. 
Published: February 2025

ObjectiveThis scoping review evaluates the breadth of research on avocado intake and health, considering all populations and health outcomes (registered on Open Science Foundation at https://osf.io/nq5hk).DesignAny human intervention or observational study where effects could be isolated to consumption of avocado were included. A systematic literature search through April 2024 was conducted (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and CENTRAL) and supplemented by backwards citation screening. Dual screening, data extraction, and conflict resolution were performed by three reviewers and an interactive evidence map was created.ResultsAfter deduplication, 8,823 unique records were retrieved; 58 articles met inclusion criteria, comprising 45 unique studies (28 interventions, 17 observational studies). Studies were largely conducted in the United States or Latin America and generally included adults, with overweight/obesity, frequently with elevated lipid concentrations. Interventions assessed the impact of diets enriched in monounsaturated fatty acids, diets higher/lower in carbohydrates, or in free-feeding conditions. Larger amounts of avocados were used in interventions than commonly consumed in observational studies (60–300 vs. 0–10 g/d, respectively). Blood lipids, nutrient bioavailability, cardiovascular risk, glycemia, and anthropometric variables were the most common outcomes reported across all studies.ConclusionFuture recommendations for novel research include the study of: European, Asian, adolescent or younger, and senior populations; dose–response designs and longer length interventions; dietary compensation; and the need for greater replication. The results have been made public and freely available, and a visual, interactive map was created to aid in science translation. This evidence map should enable future meta-analyses, enhance communication and transparency in avocado research, and serve as a resource for policy guidance.
Evaluating the association of depressive symptoms on serum folate and erythrocyte folate levels based on the 2017–2020 NHANES database
Authors: Yang Yunhong , Qi Huaqian , Zhang Jiahao , Jia Jie , Yang Yunsong , Zhao Hong 
Published: February 2025

ObjectiveTo improve further the management of the nutritional status and dietary habits of depressed patients.MethodsThis study investigated the effect of different severity states of depressive symptoms on serum and erythrocyte folate levels using the Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database from 2017 to 2020. We comprised a sample of 4,872 cases from NHANES database. We developed 3 linear regression models to assess the effect of depressive symptoms on erythrocyte folate and serum folate by collating and analyzing the data. The relationship between depression severity and erythrocyte folate as well as serum folate was also mutually validated by the results of multiple logistic regression. Finally, we made restricted cubic spline plots using the glm function of R.ResultsDepression remained negatively correlated with serum folate levels with a OR value of −0.02, 95% CI of −0.05 ~ −0.00. Moderate depression was negatively correlated with folate, with a OR value of −0.03, 95% CI of −0.05 ~ −0.00. When exploring the association between different degrees of depressive symptoms and erythrocyte folate, it was unexpectedly found that major depression was negatively associated with erythrocyte folate with a OR value of −0.18, 95% CI of −0.31 ~ −0.04 after adjusting for all covariates.ConclusionDepression is associated with folate levels. The risk of serum folate insufficiency or erythrocyte folate insufficiency is higher after a positive depression. For different degrees of depressive symptoms, serum folate levels were significantly lower than normal in patients with moderate depression, while erythrocyte folate levels were lower than normal in patients with major depression. Therefore, attention should be paid to the dietary habits and nutritional status of patients with depression or depressive symptoms when they are undergoing long-term antidepressant treatment. Folic acid supplementation is recommended for patients with moderate or severe depression or for depressed patients who have developed unhealthy eating habits.
Prediction model for unfavorable treatment outcome for complicated sever acute malnutrition (SAM) in under five children admitted in hospitals at Amhara Region
Authors: Yeshiwas Almaw Genet , Anteneh Zelalem Alamrew , Tsega Tilahun Degu , Fentaw Ahmed Ahmed , Yenew Chalachew 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundSevere acute malnutrition (SAM) affects 45 million children worldwide, with 14.89% of Ethiopian children under five suffering from it. This study validates a prediction model and develops risk scores for unfavorable treatment outcomes in SAM patients, addressing the scarcity of risk assessment tools in low-income settings and providing clinicians with a practical tool to improve decision-making.MethodsA cohort study was conducted among 915 SAM children hospitalized with SAM hospitals in Amhara Region. Data analysis was conducted using STATA 17 and R 4.4.1. A lasso-selected multivariable model developed a nomogram for clinical utility. Model performance was assessed via AUC, calibration plot and validated with bootstrapping. Decision curve analysis evaluated the model’s clinical and public health utility.ResultsThe incidence of unfavorable treatment outcomes of SAM cases was 27.8% (95% CI: 25, 31). Majority of admitted children in stabilization center were complicated Severe Acute Malnutrition (cSAM) under-five children a magnitude of 89.52% (95% CI: 80.5–99.82). The developed nomogram comprised seven predictors: baseline Oedema, Diarrhea, CBC test results (Anemia), Pneumonia, Folic Acid supplementation, Vitamin A supplementation and IV antibiotic treatment. The AUC of the original model was 91.3% (95% CI: 89.0, 93.5), whereas the risk score model produced prediction accuracy of an AUC of 90.86 (95% CI: 88.6, 92.9). It was internally validated by bootstrapping method, and it has a relatively corrected discriminatory performance. Decision curve analysis indicated a higher net benefit compared to treating all or none, especially for threshold probabilities above 21%.ConclusionOur model and risk score demonstrate excellent discrimination and calibration, with minimal accuracy loss from the original, ensuring robust predictive performance. The models can have the potential to improve care and treatment outcomes in the clinical settings. Healthcare professionals prioritize the management of cSAM cases in children, particularly those presenting with baseline edema and co-morbidities such as pneumonia, anemia and diarrhea. Emphasis should be placed on timely interventions, including the administration of folic acid and Vitamin A supplementation, as well as intravenous antibiotics. Implementing a comprehensive care plan that addresses these factors will significantly improve treatment outcomes and enhance recovery in this vulnerable population.
Association between prognostic nutritional index and all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease mortality in American adults with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Lei Yuqing , Tao Shaohong , Yang Yubo , Xie Fang , Xie Weining 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundThe current research was to investigate the relationship between prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and mortality, with a focus on all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality, for those with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).MethodsData from 20,142 patients who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), which was carried out between 2005 and 2014, were included in this research. To examine the relationship between PNI and both all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, we employed weighted Cox regression models with multiple variables. Kaplan–Meier survival curves were utilized to visualize the survival distribution across different levels of PNI. The non-linear association between PNI and mortality was addressed through penalized spline smoothing. Subgroup analyses were conducted to examine the potential influence of relevant clinical variables on the relationship between PNI and mortality. The precision of PNI in forecasting the outcome of survival was assessed as well using time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis.ResultsKaplan–Meier analysis linked higher PNI to significantly reduced all-cause and CVD mortality. Multivariable Cox models demonstrated that increasing PNI consistently lowered mortality risks. With a threshold value of 50.5, the link between PNI and mortality showed a non-linear pattern after adjusting for confounding factors. Subgroup analyses confirmed robust associations, particularly in race, education, BMI, and fibrosis. Time-dependent ROC analysis highlighted the strong predictive performance of PNI across various time points.ConclusionPNI played a significant role as an effective predictor of prognosis in individuals diagnosed with NAFLD.
Comprehensive evaluation of the nutritional value and contaminants of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) in China
Authors: Zhu Xiaoyan , Chen Wenxue , Li Mengyao , Liu Boshuai , Zhao Shumin , Hu Menglin , Li Jiajing , Li Defeng , Shi Yinghua , Sun Hao , Wang Chengzhang 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionAlfalfa is used as a feed source for animals and plays an important role in animal nutrition. Nutritional value analysis and contamination evaluation are essential for sustainable utilisation to ensure the quality and safety of alfalfa.AimWe aimed to evaluate the nutritional value and safety of alfalfa in five major regions in China—the Northeast Plain (NP), Inner Mongolia Plateau (IMP), Northwest Desert Oasis (NO), Loess Plateau (LP), and Huanghuaihai Plain (HP).MethodsNinety-five samples representing 44 large-scale pratacultural companies were collected and analysed.ResultsThe average nutritional values of alfalfa hay were 16.43% crude protein (CP), 44.01% neutral detergent fibre (NDF), 33.22% acid detergent fibre (ADF), 10.78% crude ash (Ash), and 91.90% dry matter (DM), which were better in the NO and IMP areas; in particular, the α-linolenic acid value of alfalfa was the highest in the IMP area (p &lt; 0.05). The detection rates of mycotoxins, microorganisms, and heavy metals were 100%. The over-standard rates of total bacteria count and total mould count were 66.7% and 75.8%, respectively, while the over-standard rate of chromium in heavy metals was as high as 87.9%.DiscussionThis study establishes the nutrient composition and harmful component profiles of alfalfa hay in five major planting areas for the first time, which provides a valuable reference for the safe and sustainable utilisation of alfalfa in livestock feed.
High-performance CT features supporting accurate pre-operative tumor staging in colon cancer
Authors: Yuan Jianhua , Jin Cangzheng , Si Jianrong , Liu Baobao , Si Xiaohan , Chen Jianzhi 
Published: February 2025

Background and aimsAccurate pre-treatment tumor staging is essential for treatment decision-making. Multi-slice spiral computed tomography (CT) is currently the standard method for pre-operative clinical tumor staging, but accurately applying the CT findings in tumor staging remains a challenge due to the poor pathological understanding of the CT signs. We aimed to pathologically interpret the key CT findings in order to identify reliable markers for pre-treatment staging of colon cancer.Patients and methodsThe following CT features from 136 colon adenocarcinomas were analyzed: colon wall pliability, outline contour, pericolic fat attenuations and vascularity, tumor fusion with adjacent organs, ascites, tumor size, and relevance between tumor and retroperitoneal fascia. These CT features were corroborated with histopathological findings. The diagnostic performance of these was further analyzed.ResultsBased on the postoperative pathological tumor staging (pT), 136 colon adenocarcinomas were classified into four stages: pT1 (n = 5), pT2 (n = 7), pT3 (n = 96), and pT4 (n = 28). Key findings include the following: (1) soft colon wall is a characteristic of the pT1 tumors, whereas stiff colon wall is a characteristic of the pT2~pT4 tumors; pathologically, stiff colon wall reflects the infiltration of tumor cells with desmoplastic reaction (DR) in muscularis propria; (2) small protuberances may help exclude the pT2 tumors. Histopathologically, small protuberances in pT2 cancer represent the pure DR on the surface of lamina propria, whereas the small protuberances in pT3~pT4 cancers represent the sub-serosal or extra-serosal cancer cell foci enwrapped by DR; (3) the presence of large protuberances, extensive reticulonodular fat stranding, and fusion with surrounding organs and ascites are diagnostic of pT4 tumors; and (4) the presence of extra-fascial nodules/streaks on CT scan could accurately diagnose the ascending/descending colon cancer of pT4 stage. Histologically, the presence of the above five CT features (large protuberances, extensive reticulonodular fat stranding, fusion with surrounding organs, ascites, and extra-fascial nodules/streaks) reflect the farther and deeper infiltration of tumor cells in serosa or retroperitoneal fascia involvement.ConclusionOur studies have identified multiple CT features that are practically useful in identifying and differentiating different stages of colon cancer prior to surgical procedures. These high-performance markers will provide valuable insights to the clinicians in making appropriate decisions in the management of patients with colon cancer.
Salvia deserti Decne., an endemic and rare subshrub from Arabian desert: antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effects of leaf hydroethanolic extracts
Authors: Guetat Arbi , Selmi Slimen , Abdelwahab Abdelrhman T. , Abdelfattah Marwa A. , Elhaj Abd Ealrhman M. , Mogharbel Roaa T. , Abualreish M. J. A. , Alanazi Abdullah F. , Hosni Karim , Mejri Naceur , Boulila Abdennacer 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionDiabetes is a major health issue that has reached alarming levels worldwide. Although their effectiveness, the antidiabetic drugs have many side effects such as cardiovascular diseases, kidney failure, and hepatic complications. Many plant species of the genus Salvia L. such as “Arabian desert sage” (Salvia deserti) should began to be the focus of phytochemical and bioactivity studies.MethodsThe study aims to investigate, first-ever, the antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effects of the leaf hydroethanolic extract of S. deserti, an endemic and rare subshrub from Arabian desert. A single intraperitoneal injection of alloxan monohydrate (160 mg/kg) was used to induce type-2 diabetes. Development of diabetes was confirmed by measuring the blood glucose collected from the tail vein after 72 h of alloxan injection. Oral administration of hydroethanolic extracts of S. deserti at 200 and 400 mg/kg for 14 days were tested on the alloxan-induced diabetic mice and animals were divided into 6 groups of 6 mice each. The identity of phenolic compounds of the hydroethanolic extract of S. deserti was conducted through HPLC-Electrospray Ionization-Mass Spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS) analyses.ResultsOral administration of hydroethanolic extract of S. deserti at 200 and 400 mg/kg for 14 days significantly decreased blood glucose and restored the hepatic and renal function by reducing the levels of ALT, AST, ALP, GGT, LDH, urea and creatinine. An improved lipid profile as revealed by the reduced levels of TC, TG and LDL coupled with increased level of HDL was also observed. Moreover, treatment with S. deserti hydroethanolic extract relieved oxidative stress (reduction of MDA and H2O2) and the activity of antioxidant enzymes SOD, CAT and GPx. The presence of several phenolic compounds (derivatives of ferulic, coumaric, and caffeic acids, among other derivatives) could at least in part explain the obtained data and empower the use of S. deserti as a source of bioactive ingredients with antioxidant, antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic properties.DiscussionOur research has unveiled S. deserti as a source of potential to effectively manage diabetes and its associated dyslipidemia by improving antioxidant status, recovery of the liver and kidney functions and presumably by increasing insulin secretion and sensitivity of peripheral tissues to insulin.
The correlation between resilience and mental health of adolescents and young adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Luo Shulai , Hu Jiangtao , Zhang Junshuai , Mei Zhengyang , Tang Zhongjian , Luo Shi 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundAdolescents and young adults (AYAs) aged 10–25 exhibit an increased prevalence of mental health disorders. Resilience has been well established as a positive factor in promoting and protecting mental health. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to quantify the correlation between resilience and mental health in AYAs by including relevant observational studies. Additionally, it explored potential moderators such as percentage of female participants, sample regions, and resilience measurements.MethodsA comprehensive search of the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Scopus databases was conducted until September 2024. CMA 3.0 software was used to perform meta-analysis, publication bias and sensitivity analysis of the included studies, and the moderating effect was verified by meta-analysis of variance (ANOVA).ResultNineteen studies involving a total of 17,746 participants were included, and the summary effect sizes from the random effect model showed that resilience among AYAs had a correlation coefficient of -0.391 with negative indicators of mental health (95% CI: - 0.469, - 0.308, p &lt; 0.001), and a correlation coefficient of 0.499 with positive indicators of mental health (95% CI: 0.400, 0.586, p &lt; 0.001). Additionally, sample regions and resilience measurements significantly moderated the correlation between resilience and positive indicators of mental health.ConclusionResilience in AYAs showed a moderately negative correlation with negative indicators of mental health and a moderately strong positive correlation with positive indicators of mental health. The findings strengthened the basis for future resilience research in AYAs aged 10–25, highlighting the potential of resilience to help mitigate the increasing mental health challenges faced by this population.
Gendered associations of situational and dispositional factors with exclusion from social relations and loneliness in older age
Authors: Pavlidis Georgios 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundStates of exclusion from social relations (ESR) refers to severe social isolation in older age that is not always typified by increased loneliness. Relevant deficiencies in the social network of older persons may be gendered and associated with personality and socioeconomic barriers, with direct implications for older persons’ welfare. Although the contribution of personality traits and socioeconomic barriers in shaping ESR states in older age are often debated, empirical evidence that addresses their unique contribution is limited. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the gender-stratified associations of situational (e.g., marital status, socioeconomic conditions) and dispositional factors (i.e., personality traits) with ESR states and loneliness in older age.MethodsA cross-sectional and gender-stratified secondary analysis of a sample (N = 36,814) from the Survey on Health, Aging, and Retirement in Europe was conducted using logistic regression models.ResultsThe probability of ESR was higher among older men. Certain situational factors (e.g., widowed, never married) significantly increased the probabilities of ESR for both genders, while other (e.g., divorce) had a gender-specific significance. Less extraversion among older women and less conscientiousness among older men was associated with an increased probability of ESR in later life. Within ESR states, older men living alone and older women who are less extraverted were more at-risk of loneliness.ConclusionSituational factors are more predictive of ESR states than personality traits, yet a gendered perspective is needed when assessing the risk factors of ESR and loneliness in later life.