bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sesquiterpene lactone parthenolide suppresses tumor growth in a xenograft model of renal cell carcinoma by inhibiting the activation of NF‐κB
Authors: Oka Daizo , Nishimura Kazuo , Shiba Masahiro , Nakai Yasutomo , Arai Yasuyuki , Nakayama Masashi , Takayama Hitoshi , Inoue Hitoshi , Okuyama Akihiko , Nonomura Norio 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe transcription factor nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) has been shown to be constitutively activated in various human malignancies, including leukemia, lymphoma and a number of solid tumors. NF‐κB regulates the transcriptional of genes important for tumor invasion, metastasis and chemoresistance. The sesquiterpene lactone parthenolide, an inhibition of NF‐κB, has been used conventionally to treat migraines and inflammation. In this study, renal cancer cell lines OUR‐10 and ACHN were used for in vitro experiments to evaluate growth‐inhibitory effects of parthenolide. An OUR‐10 xenograft model in nude mice was also used to investigate the in vivo growth‐inhibitory effects of parthenolide. Apoptosis in response to treatment of OUR‐10 cells with parthenolide was confirmed. Localization of NF‐κB in response to parthenolide treatment was examined of by immunofluorostaining of OUR‐10 cells with antibody against NF‐κB p65 and by Western blot analysis of OUR‐10 cell and tumor nuclear and cytosol fraction. Parthenolide effectively inhibited proliferation of cultured OUR‐10 cells and triggered apoptosis in vitro. Subcutaneous injection or oral administration of parthenolide showed significant tumor growth inhibition in the xenograft model via decreased production of interleukin‐8 (IL‐8) or vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis showed decreased nuclear localization of NF‐κB and phosphorylated NF‐κB protein and subsequently expression of MMP‐9, Bcl‐xL and Cox‐2 in response to parthenolide treatment. These results indicate that parthenolide is a useful in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma and acts via inhibition of NF‐κB. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Selective induction of apoptosis by leptomycin B in keratinocytes expressing HPV oncogenes
Authors: Gray Lindsey J. , Bjelogrlic Predrag , Appleyard Virginia C.L. , Thompson Alastair M. , Jolly Carol E. , Lain Sonia , Herrington C. Simon 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHuman papillomavirus (HPV) infection is strongly associated with the development of anogenital neoplasia, particularly cervical cancer. It has been estimated that 99.7% of all cervical carcinomas are attributable to infection with HPV, and types 16 and 18 account for the vast majority of such cases. Both of these ‘high risk’ HPV types encode the oncoproteins E6 and E7, which exert multiple effects on many proteins involved in cell‐cycle regulation, including p53. The nuclear export protein inhibitor leptomycin B (LMB) has been shown to cause the nuclear sequestration of p53 in cervical carcinoma cells. We demonstrate that LMB induces apoptosis selectively at nanomolar concentrations in primary human keratinocytes (PHKs) expressing HPV oncogenes. Both monolayer and organotypic raft cultures of transduced PHKs were highly susceptible to treatment with LMB. By contrast, although LMB stimulated p53 accumulation in normal PHKs, no significant induction of apoptosis was detected on Western blots or immunostained monolayer/raft cells, or following pulsed exposure to the drug. Furthermore, topical application of μM concentrations of LMB to mouse skin was non‐toxic. These data suggest that the topical application of LMB to HPV‐infected intra‐epithelial lesions may represent a specific and effective therapeutic strategy against HPV‐associated anogenital neoplasia. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Investigation of 3,4‐methylenedioxybenzene methoxyl methacrylate as coinitiator and comonomer for dental application
Authors: Shi Suqing , Nie Jun 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn this study, 3,4‐methylenedioxybenzene methoxyl methacrylate (MDBMM) was synthesized for the purpose of replacing both triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) and tertiary amine, which was usually used as a comonomer and coinitiator for dental resin, respectively. Urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA) was chosen as a monomer. Real time near Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) with a horizontal sample holder and dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA) were used to study the kinetics and mechanical properties, respectively. The results showed that the addition of MDBMM as a coinitiator in UDMA/TEGDMA/CQ (70/30/0.5 wt %) system led to the increase of the rate of polymerization. When compared with the commercial polymerizable amine, 2‐(N,N‐dimethyl amino)ethyl methacrylate (DMEM), MDBMM showed comparable initiating reactivity and led to higher modulus around human body temperature (37°C). MDBMM as a comonomer resulted in slightly higher final double bond conversion than that of TEGDMA, which brought higher modulus around 37°C. Therefore, MDBMM can be used as both potential coinitiator and comonomer for dental application. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2007
Modeling hydrogen evolution from the Fe4S4 and Fe8S9X (X = N, C) clusters. Can a FeS high‐spin cluster serve as a surrogate for the FeMo cofactor?
Authors: Mckee Michael L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA high‐spin model of nitrogenase with a Fe8S9X+ cluster (X = nitrogen or carbon) is used to test a mechanism for molecular hydrogen production, which is known to accompany ammonia production. The reaction proceeds with a series of protonation‐reduction (PR) steps which are considered to be spontaneous if the calculated hydrogen‐cluster bond energy exceeds 35–40 kcal/mol. The novel features of this mechanism include the opening of the cluster when one of the bridging sulfides undergoes two PR steps and the direct participation of the central atom when it undergoes a PR step. After the sixth PR step, a cluster is formed which has a low barrier for loss of molecular hydrogen in an exothermic reaction step. The central atom (nitrogen or carbon) has only a minor effect on the reaction steps. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 2007
Theoretical study on the Br + CH3SCH3 reaction
Authors: Zhang Hui , Zhang Gui‐Ling , Wang Li , Liu Bo , Yu Xiao‐Yang , Li Ze‐Sheng 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe multiple‐channel reactions Br + CH3SCH3 → products are investigated by direct dynamics method. The optimized geometries, frequencies, and minimum energy path are all obtained at the MP2/6‐31+G(d,p) level, and energetic information is further refined by the G3(MP2) (single‐point) theory. The rate constants for every reaction channels, Br + CH3SCH3 → CH3SCH2 + HBr (R1), Br + CH3SCH3 → CH3SBr + CH3 (R2), and Br + CH3SCH3 →CH3S + CH3Br (R3), are calculated by canonical variational transition state theory with small‐curvature tunneling correction over the temperature range 200–3000 K. The total rate constants are in good agreement with the available experimental data, and the two‐parameter expression k(T) = 2.68 × 10−12 exp(−1235.24/T) cm3/(molecule s) over the temperature range 200–3000 K is given. Our calculations indicate that hydrogen abstraction channel is the major channel due to the smallest barrier height among three channels considered, and the other two channels to yield CH3SBr + CH3 and CH3S + CH3Br are minor channels over the whole temperature range. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 2007
Measuring perceived community support: Factorial structure, longitudinal invariance, and predictive validity of the PCSQ (perceived community support questionnaire)
Authors: Herrero Juan , Gracia Enrique 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSocial support from intimate and confiding relationships has received a great deal of attention; however, the study of the community as a relevant source of support has been comparatively lacking. In this article, we present a multidimensional measure of community support (Perceived Community Support Questionnaire, PCSQ). Through exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses on data from three samples of adult population (two‐wave panel: sample 1, N = 1009 and sample 2, N = 780; and an independent sample 3, N = 440), results show that community integration, community participation, and use of community organizations are reliable indicators of the underlying construct of perceived community support. Also, community support is associated with a reduction of depressive symptoms after 6 months, once autoregression is controlled for. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Inclusion of community in self scale: A single‐item pictorial measure of community connectedness
Authors: Mashek Debra , Cannaday Lisa W. , Tangney June P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe developed a single‐item pictorial measure of community connectedness, building on the theoretical and methodological traditions of the selfexpansion model (Aron & Aron, 1986). The Inclusion of Community in the Self (ICS) Scale demonstrated excellent testñretest reliability, convergent validity, and discriminant validity in a sample of 190 college students. Importantly, results indicate that the ICS differentially assesses connectedness to the community, distinct from close relationship connectedness, suggesting that the ICS is both conceptually and empirically distinct from Aron, Aron & Smollan's (1992) Inclusion of Other in Self Scale. A secondary analysis of data from 297 incarcerated offenders offered favorable evidence for the generalizability of the measure. Together, results from two independent studies indicate that the ICS offers a simple, yet meaningful, measure of community connectedness. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Fusarium species in sandy soil from Ipanema Beach, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Authors: de Moura Sarquis Maria Inez , de Moraes Borba Cintia 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe presence of the genus Fusarium was investigated in sandy soil from Ipanema Beach, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil during a period of one year in order to determine the diversity, and seasonal distribution of species. A total of 123 strains were isolated, for a total of 34 different species, with higher incidence in spring and winter. The species detected in greater numbers during the various seasons of the year were, in decreasing order, F. solani var. solani, F. oxysporum var. oxysporum and F. sacchari var. subglutinans, described in the literature (GUARRO and GENÉ 1992) as infectious agents for humans and animals. Few species were detected in summer and fall, probably due to the higher rainfull occurring during these seasons.
Microbial populations associated with commercial bread production
Authors: Viljoen Clint R. , von Holy Alexander 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe microbial ecology of a commercial bread production line was assessed by plate counts and characterization of microbial populations of raw materials, dough, equipment surfaces, air inside the bakery and baked bread. Aerobic plate counts for raw materials were higher than mould counts. Dough samples had high aerobic plate counts, but low mould counts. Mould counts on pre‐baking equipment surfaces were lower than those on post‐baking equipment surfaces, while aerobic plate counts on equipment surfaces varied. Counts of bacteria and moulds on bread increased during storage at 30 °C and moulds predominated over bacteria on air settle plates. Of the 316 bacterial isolates, 50% were Bacillus and 31.6% Micrococcus. Of the 97 mould isolates, 37.1% were Penicillium, 18.6% Aspergillus and 13.4% Cladosporium. Bacillus, Aspergillus and Penicillium were isolated predominantly from baked bread.
Comprehensive analysis of the climate variability in the eastern Mediterranean. Part II: relationships between atmospheric circulation patterns and surface climatic elements
Authors: Kostopoulou E. , Jones P. D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn a companion paper, the authors presented a classification of circulation types for the eastern Mediterranean region. This paper has been directed towards the interrelationships between the identified atmospheric circulation patterns and the surface climate over the study region. On the basis of the characteristic days used to construct the composites of the dominant circulation modes, surface characteristics of five surface climatic elements (daily mean, maximum and minimum temperature, diurnal temperature range and daily precipitation totals) for these days were analysed. Subsequently, composite charts were produced illustrating the surface conditions accompanying the main circulation modes. The spatial patterns of temperature were found to be more coherent and depended less on the characteristics of local topography than those for precipitation. Winter patterns generally showed more pronounced structures. Atmospheric circulation associated with anticyclonic centres, leads to invasions of cold air into the study region and rather dry conditions across the region. Conversely, cyclonic circulation brings southern maritime airflows into the area and is associated with increases in local temperatures and rainfall events. During the warm season, generally warm and dry weather is associated with most of the circulation patterns and the surface patterns do not reveal very pronounced structures. Copyright © 2007 Royal Meteorological Society
Snow cover variability in Bulgarian mountainous regions, 1931–2000
Authors: Brown Ross D. , Petkova Nadezhda 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPrincipal component (PC) analysis was carried out on annual snow cover series from 15 mountain climate stations in Bulgaria to characterize the spatial and temporal variability in snow cover over the 1931–2000 period. Three distinct snow cover response regions were identified: (1) high elevation sites above 1500 m in the Vitosha and Rila Mountains; (2) low elevation sites below 1000 m in the eastern Rhodope and southern Pirin Mountains and (3) a mid‐mountain zone of 1000–1500 m elevation including stations from several mountain ranges. Snow cover exhibited evidence of significant decadal‐scale variability over the 1931–2000 period but little evidence of long‐term trends linked to climate warming. Over the more recent 1971–2000 period, the mid‐mountain zone has increased in importance and shows a significant trend toward a later start to the snow cover season.Composite analysis of high and low snow accumulation winters showed high accumulation years associated with a negative North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO)/East Atlantic (EA)‐like pattern that favored increased winter precipitation over the Mediterranean and Balkans and anomalous easterly flow across the Black Sea into Bulgaria. Low snow accumulation years were associated with the positive mode of a Scandinavian (SCA)‐like pattern that generated fall warming, a delay to the start of the snow cover season and reduced winter precipitation. Correlation of annual snow cover series with these modes of atmospheric variability revealed few significant correlations but evidence of considerable secular variability in the strength and sign of the relationships. This reflects the complex climate regime of Bulgaria, which is located at the cross‐roads of Mediterranean and Continental climate influences and on the periphery of the main nodes of influence of Northern Hemisphere circulation patterns that play important roles in European snow cover variability. Copyright © 2007 Royal Meteorological Society
Late Weichselian and holocene sea‐level history for a cross‐section of western Norway
Authors: Svendsen John Inge , Mangerud Jan 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe postglacial sea‐level history along a cross‐section of western Norway has been studied in detail. Ten local sea‐level curves were used to construct an equidistant shoreline diagram, covering the last 13000 years. This includes 76 radiocarbon dates, of which the majority represent lacustrine sediments at the marine/lacustrine boundary in cores from emerged lakes. The distance between the westernmost and easternmost sites is 170 km and the difference in total emergence along this profile is more than 200 m. The shorelines all dip westward with a decreasing gradient through time. The Late Weichselian lines are all slightly curved whereas the Holocene lines are apparently straight. After the formation of the uppermost shoreline by around 12 800 BP there was a rapid emergence that decelerated with time to a near standstill during the Younger Dryas. From about 10 300 there was again a rapid emergence followed by the Tapes transgression along the coast and a standstill in the most easterly areas. At the western end of this profile, the Tapes transgression started around 9000 and culminated approximately 6000 BP, when a gradual regression occurred. To the east the early Holocene regression minimum occurs at a younger date and the transgression maximum is up to 1500 years older.
Nature and origin of ground ice, Sandhills Moraine, southwest Banks Island, Western Canadian Arctic
Authors: French H. M. , Harry D. G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe Sandhills Moraine is a Late Wisconsinan lateral moraine complex on southwest Banks Island. The occurrence of ice‐ablation landforms, ground ice slumps, kettle lakes and catastrophic lake drainage in winter suggests the presence of substantial bodies of massive ground ice. The distinctive hummocky topography of the Sandhills Moraine is thought to reflect partial melt‐out of this ice. Stratigraphic observations indicate that the ice is overlain irregularly and unconformably by glacigenic sediments, notably pebbly clay (till) and/or sandy gravels (outwash), while the ice itself possesses numerous and variable mineral inclusions, faults and foliations. Petrofabric analyses indicate a strongly preferred orientation to the ice crystals. It is suggested that these characteristics are best explained if the ground ice is interpreted as relict glacier ice.
Late Quaternary volcanism in New Zealand: Towards an integrated record using distal airfall tephras in lakes and bogs
Authors: Lowe David J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractStudies on distal airfall tephra layers preserved in lake sediments and peats in northern New Zealand have documented the stratigraphic, chronologic, and compositional relationships of 46 eruptives, aged c. 17000–700yr BP, which originated from six North Island volcanic centres: Taupo (9 tephras), Okataina (8), Maroa (1) (rhyolitic); Mayor Island (2) (peralkaline); Tongariro (11), Egmont (15) (andesitic). Sources were distinguished by mineralogy and composition, field relations, and 14C chronology. All known rhyolitic tephra‐producing eruptions from Taupo, Okataina, and Maroa volcanoes since c. 17000yr BP are represented, but only a small proportion of the known tephras erupted from Tongariro, Egmont, or Mayor Island volcanoes is recorded. The distal tephras from these latter volcanic centres may thus reflect atypically powerful (or oblique) eruptions, or dispersal by strong winds. An improved record of volcanism for the Tongariro, Egmont, and Mayor Island centres might be obtainable from suitable lakes or bogs more proximal to them.
Holocene crustal movements and sea‐level changes in Great Britain
Authors: Shennan Ian 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCrustal downwarping has occurred throughout southern and south‐eastern England and most of Wales for at least the last 4000 years, but the type of movement in some areas of southern and eastern England is more complicated than simple linear subsidence. Highest estimated rates of subsidence (since 4000 BP) are for the Thames Estuary and Norfolk (up to 2 mm/yr). Glacio‐isostatic processes have resulted in uplift in northern England and mainland Scotland. The rates of uplift have decreased throughout the Holocene; estimates for the present range from zero in south Lancashire and the Tees Estuary to over 1 mm/yr (though less than 2 mm/yr) in central Scotland.Over 400 sea‐level index points, from the databank of 904 cases collected for IGCP Project 200, are grouped into 15 main areas and used to investigate the nature of crustal movements in Great Britain since 8800 BP, but there are significant deficiencies in available data which constrain the analysis.
The Loch Lomond Readvance on the Isle of Skye, Scotland: Glacier reconstruction and palaeoclimatic implications
Authors: Ballantyne Colin K. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractGeomorphological mapping of southern Skye indicates evidence for a single readvance of locally‐nourished glaciers. These comprised a major icefield that occupied c. 155 km2of the main mountain area, a small icefield c. 10 km2in extent in the Kyleakin hills and ten corrie glaciers with a total area of c. 16 km2. The absence of Lateglacial pollen sites, shorelines and periglacial features within the limits of local glaciation implies a Loch Lomond Readvance age for this glacial event. The area‐weighted mean equilibrium line altitude (ELA) of the reconstructed Loch Lomond Readvance glaciers (319 m) conforms with a regional eastwards rise in ELAs that indicates dominant westerly airstreams during the Loch Lomond Stadial. An easterly decline in ELAs across the former icefields is interpreted in terms of easterly transfer of snow across ice‐sheds by westerly winds, though the altitudes of corrie glacier ELAs suggest that the dominant snow‐bearing winds were southerlies. Calculations based on the area‐weighted mean ELA for the major icefield (308 m) indicate a stadial mean July sea‐level temperature of c. 6 °C. The anomalously low gradients of certain former icefield outlet glaciers are attributed to deformation of subglacial sediment, an effect that may vitiate the assumption of linear ablation/accumulation gradients in the calculation of former ELAs for reconstructed glaciers.
Debris transport by Loch Lomond Readvance glaciers in Northern Scotland: Basin form and the within‐valley asymmetry of lateral moraines
Authors: Benn Douglas I. , Benn D. I. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMoraines in six cirques in Northern Scotland are shown to be asymmetrically developed, being larger below north‐ or east‐facing valley sides. Moraine asymmetry is strongly correlated with the distribution of free faces in the valleys, a relationship that is interpreted as the result of variation in slope retreat rates. Analysis of clast form and roundness demonstrates that following initial release from bedrock, debris entered both passive high‐level glacial transport and tractive transport at the ice‐bed interface. The importance of glacier velocities and medial moraines on debris flux is discussed. Consideration is also given to the implications of process asymmetry to long term landform development.