bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of morphology in ALL at presentation and relapse
Authors: Lanham Gary R. , Rivera Gaston , Weiss Karen , Stass Sanford A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA high frequency of conversion from L1 to L2 morphology in ALL at relapse has been reported in studies made without benefit of the French‐American‐British (FAB) scoring system. We compared the lymphoblast morphology at presentation and first hematologic relapse for 50 consecutive children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia using the FAB scoring system to determine the frequency of morphologic conversion. Forty‐eight patients presented with L1 morphology, 42 of whom (88%) relapsed with L1 blasts, four (8%) with L2 blasts, and two (4%) with blasts intermediate between L1 and L2. Two presented with L2 morphology, both relapsing with L2 blasts. These data do not support previous findings of a high frequency of conversion from L1 to L2 at relapse. They suggest, instead, that L2 morphology is not a common morphologic expression of initial treatment failure.
Height of children successfully treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A report from the late effects study committee of childrens cancer study group
Authors: Robison Leslie L. , Nesbit Mark E. , Sather Harland N. , Meadows Anna T. , Ortega Jorge A. , Hammond G. Denman 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOne hundred eighty‐seven patients diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) between 1972 and 1975 were evaluated for height 6.4–8.8 years (median 7.2 years) from the time of diagnosis of their disease. All patients had been treated on protocols CCG‐101/143 conducted by the Childrens Cancer Study Group. After induction of remission, patients received either cranial radiation plus six doses of intrathecal methotrexate, craniospinal radiation, or craniospinal radiation plus abdominal radiation, followed by systemic maintenance chemotherapy for either 3 or 5 years. No significant difference was observed in the distribution of height percentiles at the time of diagnosis compared to expected population standards. After treatment an excess (P < 0.001) was observed in the proportion of patients in the lower percentiles in conjunction with a decrease in the proportion of patients in the higher percentiles. After adjustment for height at diagnosis, the only factor found to have significant impact on attained height percentile was exposure to craniospinal plus abdominal radiation (P < 0.001) where there was a fivefold excess in the proportion of patients below the fifth percentile for height. Craniospinal radiation only was not associated with a greater reduction in attained height percentile when compared to cranial radiation only.
Granulocytic sarcoma of breast: Aleukemic bilateral metachronous presentation and literature review
Authors: Gartenhaus Willa S. , Mir Rabia , Pliskin Alexander , Grunwald Hans , Wise Leslie , Papantoniou Panagiotis A. , Kahn Leonard B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis report describes an unusual case of bilateral metachronous granulocytic sarcoma of the breast. The patient initially did not have evidence of leukemia and her marrow cell culture in soft agar (CFU‐C array) showed normal in vitro growth pattern. The patient was treated with systemic chemotherapy at a time when there was no evidence for systemic disease but she nevertheless developed meningeal leukemia and bone marrow disease 11 and 18 months, respectively, following the initial chemotherapy.
Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia with t(4; 11) follows neuroblastoma: A late effect of treatment?
Authors: Secker‐Walker Lorna M. , Stewart Elizabeth L. , Todd Audrey 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe case presented is of a 7‐year‐old girl who developed acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) with t(4; 11)(q21; q23) 5 years after the onset of neuroblastoma and 4 months after completing treatment for a first relapse. Consideration is given to the relative importance in this case of genetic factors and chemotherapeutic drugs in the etiology of ALL.
The NCl's cancer centers program: Past, present, and future
Authors: Steckel Richard J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSince passage of the National Cancer Act in 1971, the NCI Centers Program has promoted the establishment and the development of cancer centers of many types throughout the nation. These now include 20 comprehensive cancer centers, as well as a number of clinical and basic science centers that are supported through NCI core grants. Scientific productivity at NCI‐supported centers has been high. While cancer center core grants usually represent only a small proportion of the total extramural research support for a given institution, they are essential in providing shared resources and in pulling together the various component research programs of a center into a unified program. The future directions of the NCI centers program as a whole, as well as the role of cancer research centers within their communities and regions, are discussed.
Medical students' concepts of childhood cancer and its management
Authors: Hays Daniel M. , Hoffman Kaaren I. , Williams Kenneth O. , Siegel Stuart E. , Miller Robert 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMedical students' attitudes toward cancer and patients with cancer were studied prior to and following a required pediatric clerkship which included contact with children on an oncology service. Emphasis in the study was placed on the students' reactions to the child with cancer, and these were compared with the same students' attitudes in the context of the adult with cancer or general oncology.Early diagnosis is regarded as of more significance, and an aggressive therapeutic response following diagnosis of more urgency when the patient is a child. These attitudes, recognizing the importance of early diagnosis and expressing strong approval of aggressive therapy for the pediatric patient, increased during the clerkship. The students strongly supported a program aimed at return of the child to his normal activities with the least delay; recognized the special significance of long‐range surveillance for secondary effects in the pediatric patient; and recommended the “center” as opposed to the community hospital as the site for care of the child with cancer. In other areas of cancer management, including (a) the importance of psychosocial support, (b) the problems of emotional involvement of the physician with the patient, and (c) care of the dying patient, attitudes toward patients in the two age groups was not significantly different.
Urinary bladder tumors following cyclophosphamide therapy: A report of two cases with a review of the literature
Authors: Samra Yechezkiel , Hertz Marjorie , Lindner Arieh 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSterile hemorrhagic cystitis following cyclophosphamide (Cph) therapy is a relatively frequent and well‐documented phenomenon. On the other hand, cancer of the urinary bladder associated with Cph therapy is rarely observed. We present two cases and summarize 32 patients reported in the literature.Thirty patients had malignant disease elsewhere, 27 of them nonsolid tumors. The other four patients received treatment with Cph for nonmalignant disease (systemic lupus erythematosus—3; rheumatoid arthritis—1). The bladder tumor developed several months to years after treatment. In 20 patients hemorrhagic cystitis antedated the tumors.We conclude that hemorrhagic cystitis in patients on Cph therapy should indicate at least temporary withdrawal of the drug. The decision to resume treatment should be taken with extreme caution considering the risk of the development of bladder cancer.
Cisplatin and cytarabine administered intrapleurally as treatment of malignant pleural effusions
Authors: Markman Maurie , Cleary Stephen , King Mark E. , Howell Stephen B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEight patients with histologically‐documented malignant pleural effusions received a total of ten courses of intrapleurally administered chemotherapy with cisplatin (100 mg/m2) and cytarabine (10−2M). Sodium thiosulfate was simultaneously administered intravenously to protect against cisplatin‐induced nephrotoxicity. There was no local toxocity observed and the only significant systemic toxicity (bone marrow depression) developed in a patient with poor marrow reserve prior to the initiation of therapy. Six of seven evaluable patients exhibited major reductions (> 75%) in the size of their effusions lasting for 2 to 10 plus months (median: 4 months). We conclude that the intrapleural administration of this chemotherapy regimen results in objective and subjective improvement in patients with malignant pleural effusions with minimal local and systemic toxicity (except for cisplatin‐induced emesis) and does not require chest tube drainage or prolonged hospitalization.
Acute and chronic hepatitis in childhood leukemia: A multicentric study from the italian pediatric cooperative group for therapy of acute leukemia (AIL‐AIEOP)
Authors: Locasciulli A. , Alberti A. , Rossetti F. , Santamaria M. , Santoro N. , Madon E. , Miniero R. , Curto M. Lo , Tamaro P. , Paolucci P. , Casale F. , Nespoli L. , Tucci F. , Masera G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe incidence of acute and chronic liver damage and its relation to hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection was evaluated in 164 consecutive children with acute leukemia seen in ten Italian hemato‐pediatric units. Thirteen out of 164 children (7.9%) had acute hepatitis (AH) during treatment, while 8/90 (8.8%) showed an acute exacerbation of liver damage within 6 months after therapy withdrawal. Seven of the 13 children with AH while on therapy were HBsAg positive. In 12/13 cases, liver disease progressed to chronicity. Five of eight children who developed AH after completion of treatment were HBsAg positive. Eighty‐nine patients (54.2%) developed biochemical evidence of chronic hepatitis during therapy; 48/89 were followed after cessation of treatment and 33 of them showed persisting evidence of liver cell necrosis. Thirty‐three out of 133 children (24.8%) tested for serum HBsAg were found positive: 26 (78.7%) of them developed chronic hepatitis. Sixty‐four out of 133 patients were evaluated after cessation of treatment: Chronic hepatitis persisted in 16/22 HBsAg‐positive (72.7%) and in 17/42 HBsAg‐negative (40.4%) children during follow‐up. The outcome of these liver diseases after treatment withdrawal did not differ significantly in relation to HBV serology, suggesting that viral rather than toxic agents were responsible for liver damage also in most HBsAg‐negative patients. The high incidence of chronic HBV infection in children with leukemia found in this multicentric study could suggest a need for active immunization with HBV vaccine, but the efficacy of such approach in this clinical setting is still to be validated.
A morphometric classification of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children
Authors: Seshadri Ram , Jarvis Lynn R. , Jamal Omar , Skinner John M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn order to reduce the subjective errors in subtyping leukemic lymphoblasts using the French‐American‐British (FAB) classification, computer‐assisted morphometry was used. Bone marrow smears obtained at diagnosis from 99 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) were analysed by this method and compared with the subjective FAB classification. The results confirm that lymphoblast morphology, as a single variable, is a very significant predictor of survival in ALL. This computer‐assisted morphometric analysis would be of great value in large‐scale clinical trials in ALL.
Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia in down's syndrome: Report of a case and review of cytogenetic findings
Authors: Suarez Carlos R. , Beau Michelle M. Le , Silberman Simone , Fresco Raoul , Rowley Janet D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA case of a child with trisomy 21 and acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (AMBL) is reported. Histological examination of the bone marrow showed progressive fibrosis and replacement with megakaryoblasts. The diagnosis was confirmed by platelet peroxidase reaction and immunofluorescent staining with anti‐factor VIII. Serial cytogenetic studies using banding techniques at various stages during the course of the disease (preleukemia, leukemia, remission, and relapse) showed several chromosomal abnormalities (unbalanced translocation between chromosomes 1 and 4 leading to trisomy 1q, trisomy 7q, monosomy 7p, and a reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 10 and 16). AMBL in childhood is probably more common than previously reported. Any association between AMBL and a particular cytogenetic abnormality must await further cytogenetic studies, specifically those employing banding techniques.
Phase I study of VP‐16 (etoposide) and amsacrine (AMSA) in the treatment of refractory acute leukemia
Authors: Letendre Louis , Hinemann Vicky , Hoagland H. Clark , Kovach John S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFourteen patients with refractory acute nonlymphocytic leukemia were entered into a dose‐seeking trial of combination therapy with etoposide and amsacrine given daily for five consecutive days. There were three complete responses lasting 2 months, 3 months, and 10 months and two transient partial remissions. Dose‐limiting toxicities were stomatitis and diarrhea. Prolonged aplasia occurred at the highest doses tested and appeared to result from repetitive doses of the combination given as maintenance. We recommend for induction and consolidation/intensification treatment VP‐16, 125 mg/m2, and AMSA, 125 mg/m2, intravenously daily for 5 days. A reduction by at least 50% in the dose of each drug is recommended for maintenance of complete remissions.
Response rate and survival in myeloma patients receiving prednisone alone
Authors: McIntyre O. Ross , Pajak Thomas F. , Kyle Robert A. , Cornwell Gibbons G. , Leone Louis 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThirty‐two evaluable good risk patients with multiple myeloma received a 70‐day tapering course of prednisone beginning at a dose of 1.2 mg/kg/day. Forty‐four percent of the patients demonstrated objective evidence of response to this treatment. Although the median time to disease progression for the prednisone‐treated group was shorter than for patients randomized to receive prednisone with alkylating agents or who were treated with alkylating agent alone, the results from this trial indicate that prednisone, by itself, may produce objective responses. Caution must be used interpreting trials of new agents in myeloma when such treatments are combined with corticosteroid administration.
Training and oncologists' changing attitudes toward their own cancer therapy
Authors: Schnaper Nathan , Orr Suezanne Tangerose , Wesley Margaret N. , Aisner Joseph 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOncologists' attitudes toward therapy for his or her own hypothetical cancer have not been studied, and they may influence therapeutic decisions for patients. This study compared attitudes of oncologists at different levels of training toward therapy for their own hypothetical cancer. Those with limited oncology experience had high expectations for treatment, as expressed in their acceptance of all therapeutic modalities for their own disease. Early intensive inpatient oncology experience (first year of training) led to disenchantment, and rejection of various therapies. Further outpatient experience led to an increased acceptance of therapy again, and those finishing second and third year of oncology training, and senior medical staff in oncology, had high expectations for treatment. These results suggest an evolution of attitudes toward therapy with training and experience.
Phagocytic activity and expression of myeloid‐associated cell surface antigens by blast cells in acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Pui Ching‐Hon , Mirro Joseph , Woodruff Linda , Motroni Tina , Stass Sanford 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe malignant cells of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) rarely show phagocytic activity. In this retrospective survey, blasts from 7 of 196 patients with newly diagnosed ALL demonstrated phagocytic activity toward platelets and erythrocytes. The morphology and cytochemical staining properties of the cells were typical of ALL. Immunophenotyes were those of common ALL (CALLA + HLA‐DR + ) for six patients and of pre‐B‐cell ALL (positive cytoplasmic immunoglobulin) for one. However, blast cells from six of the seven patients also reacted with myeloid‐associated monoclonal antibodies (MCS.2 and/or SJ‐D1). The wide overlap in the percentages of blasts expressing CALLA and those expressing myeloid‐associated antigens suggests that some cells possessed both lymphoid‐ and myeloid‐associated surface antigens. By a dual staining technique, two patients tested had blasts expressing antigens of both lineages. Each child achieved a complete remission alter treatment with agents effective for ALL and remains in remission for 13 + to 20 + months. These morphologic and immunologic findings may define a distinct subtype of acute leukemia.
Treatment of metastatic and recurrent cervix cancer with chemotherapy: A randomised trial comparing hydroxyurea with cisdiamminedichloro‐platinum plus methotrexate
Authors: Bezwoda W. R. , Nissenbaum M. , Derman D. P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn a randomised trial comparing single‐agent chemotherapy (hydroxyurea) to combination chemotherapy in advanced cervix cancer, response was seen in 57% (including 13% CR) of patients receiving the combination (DDP + MTX) regimen. Responding patients survived significantly longer (11 months) than either those receiving hydroxyurea or those not responding to combination chemotherapy (4 months). Two patients remain in complete remission for 14+ and 17+ months.
Breast cancer after treatment for osteosarcoma
Authors: Knowling M. A. , Basco V. E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwo cases of patients with primary osteosarcoma who developed subsequent new primary infiltrating ductal carcinoma of breast are presented. The relationship of irradiation from diagnostic radiology, chemotherapy given, and possible genetic factors are discussed. A recommendation for the lifetime follow‐up program of a patient with osteosarcoma should include careful attention to breast self‐examination and regular breast examination by the attending physician.
Simultaneous leptomeningeal and intramedullary spinal metastases in small cell lung carcinoma
Authors: Weissman David E. , Grossman Stuart A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA patient with small cell lung carcinoma and simultaneous intramedullary spinal and leptomeningeal metastases is described. A review of the literature revealed that 28 cases of intramedullary spinal metastases have been reported in small cell lung carcinoma patients since 1978. Fifteen of these were in patients who had coexisting carcinomatous meningitis. The pathogenesis of intramedullary spinal metastases is discussed and a potential mechanism is proposed to explain the simultaneous occurrence of intramedullary and leptomeningeal metastases. Therapy for leptomeningeal metastases should be considered in patients with small cell lung carcinoma and intramedullary spinal metastases.
A case report and literature review of “primary” pulmonary histiocytosis X of childhood
Authors: Nondahl Susan R. , Finlay Jonathan L. , Farrell Philip M. , Warner Thomas F. , Hong Richard 
Published: February 2007

Abstract“Primary” pulmonary histiocytosis X, a well‐described entity in young adult males in which pulmonary disease is the overriding site of involvement, is exceedingly rare in children younger than 15 years old. We report a new case in a 2‐year‐old male and review other reported prepubertal cases. The diagnosis of pulmonary histiocytosis X is based on examination of lung tissue. Langerhans cells containing Birbeck granules, seen by electron microscopy, are virtually pathognomonic of histiocytosis X. These Langerhans cells also react with a monoclonal antibody (OKT6) as well as with antibody to S‐100 protein. Based on the lack of consensus for the appropriate treatment of pulmonary histiocytosis X and on our patient's favorable response, we recommend initial therapy with corticosteroids alone, reserving more toxic agents for patients who fail to respond to this initial therapy.
Treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia with intermediate‐dose cytosine arabinoside and adriamycin
Authors: Ishii Eiichi , Hara Toshiro , Ohkubo Kenshi , Matsuzaki Akinobu , Takeuchi Takami , Veda Kohji 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEight pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) were treated with intermediate‐dose cytosine arabinoside (ID‐AraC, 1 g/m2) in combination with adriamycin except one patient. Of the eight patients, four refractory to the initial induction therapy and one in bone marrow relapse gained complete remission with two to three cycles of this therapy. Four of the five patients have been in continuous remission for 4 to 24 months with the maintenance therapy of monthly administration of ID‐AraC. One patient in central nervous system (CNS) relapse has continued in remission from CNS leukemia after two cycles of the therapy. Side effects of ID‐AraC and adriamycin were generally mild to moderate and tolerable in all children. These results suggest that the use of ID‐AraC and adriamycin might prove effective in the treatment of ALL refractory to other regimens.
Bisantrene hydrochloride in gastric adenocarcinoma: A southwest oncology group study
Authors: Panettiere Frank J. , Jones Stephen E. , Oishi Noboru , Eyre Harmon J. , O'Bryan Robert M. , Andes W. Abe , Taylor Sarah A. , Grozea Petre N. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBecause “the standard” chemotherapy for advanced gastric adenocarcinoma, the FAM combination of 5‐fluorouracil, adriamycin, and mitomycin, is only minimally effective, there is a clear need for other choices. Therefore, the Southwest Oncology Group tested the new adriamycin analog, bisantrene, hoping that it might be more effective than the “parent drug.” Twenty‐six patients with gastric adenocarcinoma were treated on a program of every‐3‐week 2‐hour bisantrene infusions. The starting dose was 260 mg/m2 (208 if poor risk), with subsequent doses based on prior toxicity. The regimen caused sufficient toxicity (especially local phlebitis with pain and swelling) to assure an adequate test. One person (3.8% of eligible patients) experienced a clinically useful 3‐month response. He had previously had progressive disease on FAM. Nevertheless, we conclude that bisantrene is not an addition to the small list of drugs useful in the management of gastric adenocarcinoma.
Prognostic relevance of clinical pharmacology of antileukemic drugs
Authors: Riccardi Riccardo , Lasorella Anna , Mastrangelo Renato 
Published: February 2007

AbstractResponse to treatment is the most important prognostic factor in children undergoing treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Factors that interfere with the pharmacokinetic determinants of anti‐leukemic compounds may cause a decreased activity of one or more of the drugs included in the treatment protocol. Noncompliance with the prescribed treatment, individual pharmacokinetic differences, interference with oral drug absorption, and different guidelines for dose reduction related to toxicity are some of the factors responsible for a decreased or variable antileukemic activity which may influence treatment results.