bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improved therapeutic consistency and efficacy of CD317+ MSCs through stabilizing TSG6 by PTX3
Authors: Shi Shaoquan , Chen Si , Liang Bowei , Li Yumeng , Ma Qi , Li Meiqi , Zhang Jingting , Yao Lan , Xu Jianyong 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Previously, we have demonstrated that the batch variations of human platelet lysate (conventional MSC expansion medium) induce MSC heterogeneity and therapeutic inconsistency. On the other hand, the MSCs expanded with chemical defined medium have improved therapeutic consistency.

Methods
In the current study, we studied the MSC subpopulation composition and variation in different types and batches of MSC expansion medium with scRNA-seq analysis.

Results
MSCs expanded with different batches of media have higher levels of heterogeneity from the perspective of cell subpopulation composition at transcriptome levels and therapeutic inconsistency. The CD317+ subpopulation has enhanced immune suppression activities. And the percentage of CD317+ MSCs within MSCs is tightly correlated with its immune suppression activities, and also contributes to the heterogeneity and therapeutic inconsistency of MSCs. the CD317+ MSCs have increased expression levels of PTX3, which might stabilize the TSG6 protein and improve the therapeutic effects

Conclusions
Thus, purifying CD317+ MSCs is one efficient strategy to reduce MSC heterogeneity and increase the therapeutic consistency of MSCs.
Early sevoflurane sedation in severe COVID-19-related lung injury patients. A pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Beck-Schimmer Beatrice , Schadde Erik , Pietsch Urs , Filipovic Miodrag , Dübendorfer-Dalbert Seraina , Fodor Patricia , Hübner Tobias , Schuepbach Reto , Steiger Peter , David Sascha , Krüger Bernard D. , Neff Thomas A. , Schläpfer Martin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to assess a potential organ protective effect of volatile sedation in a scenario of severe inflammation with an early cytokine storm (in particular IL-6 elevation) in patients suffering from COVID-19-related lung injury with invasive mechanical ventilation and sedation.

Methods
This is a small-scale pilot multicenter randomized controlled trial from four tertiary hospitals in Switzerland, conducted between April 2020 and May 2021. 60 patients requiring mechanical ventilation due to severe COVID-19-related lung injury were included and randomized to 48-hour sedation with sevoflurane vs. continuous intravenous sedation (= control) within 24 h after intubation. The primary composite outcome was determined as mortality or persistent organ dysfunction (POD), defined as the need for mechanical ventilation, vasopressors, or renal replacement therapy at day 28. Secondary outcomes were the length of ICU and hospital stay, adverse events, routine laboratory parameters (creatinine, urea), and plasma inflammatory mediators.

Results
28 patients were randomized to sevoflurane, 32 to the control arm. The intention-to-treat analysis revealed no difference in the primary endpoint with 11 (39%) sevoflurane and 13 (41%) control patients (p = 0.916) reaching the primary outcome. Five patients died within 28 days in each group (16% vs. 18%, p = 0.817). Of the 28-day survivors, 6 (26%) and 8 (30%) presented with POD (p = 0.781). There was a significant difference regarding the need for vasopressors (1 (4%) patient in the sevoflurane arm, 7 (26%) in the control one (p = 0.028)). Length of ICU stay, hospital stay, and registered adverse events within 28 days were comparable, except for acute kidney injury (AKI), with 11 (39%) sevoflurane vs. 2 (6%) control patients (p = 0.001). The blood levels of IL-6 in the first few days after the onset of the lung injury were less distinctly elevated than expected.

Conclusions
No evident benefits were observed with short sevoflurane sedation on mortality and POD. Unexpectedly low blood levels of IL-6 might indicate a moderate injury with therefore limited improvement options of sevoflurane. Acute renal issues suggest caution in using sevoflurane for sedation in COVID-19.

Trial registration
The trial was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04355962) on 2020/04/21.
Interfacial Shear Behavior of Composite Concrete Substrate to High-Performance Concrete Overly After Exposure to Elevated Temperature
Authors: Zalhaf Nagat M. , Fayed Sabry , Zakaria Mohamed H. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBasically, the interface shear strength between two concrete layers of varying ages must be sufficient to withstand the applied actions on the structure, specifically fire attack, which may cause the complete collapse of the composite structure. Thus, interfacial shear behavior was investigated and analyzed in this paper under the influence of a set of parameters, including temperature (25, 200, 400, and 600 °C), time exposure (30, 60, 90, 120, and 180 min), concrete type, and fibers type (polypropylene fiber (PPF), steel fiber (SF), and hybrid fiber) by employing a Z-shape push-off test. The test consists of two parts with different ages: normal strength concrete (NCS) and high-performance concrete (HPC). HPC includes high-strength concrete (HSC) and fly ash concrete (FAC). Initially, twenty-five Z-shaped push-off tests were made, four of which were cast as one unit (NSC/or concrete with hybrid (FSP)), and the rest were composite specimens. Furthermore, a 3D finite element model of a composite push-off specimen was developed to simulate and analyze the impact of various time and temperature exposures on the interfacial shear strength of composite specimen N-FSP. The results indicated that temperature degree and exposure time adversely affected the interfacial shear strength. Also, interfacial shear strength is significantly influenced by fiber types. Including combined fiber (SF + PPF) improved the interfacial shear strength by 114% compared to the composite specimen NSC-NSC after exposure to a temperature of 600 °C. In contrast, using PPF negatively affected the interfacial shear strength, recording only 84% of the composite specimen NSC-NSC. In addition, the inclusion of supplementary cementitious material enhanced the interfacial shear strength by 60.5% in the NSC-FAC composite specimen with 30% FA, compared to the NSC-NSC specimen. Finally, a finite element (FE) model was proposed with a satisfactory level of accuracy (0.95 to 1.03) in predicting the maximum shear strength. Additionally, the difference between the FE and experimental stiffness was between 0.92 and 1.07.
Corrosion prediction for preventive protection of aircraft heritage
Authors: Kuchař Michal , Oswald Cyril , Fišer Jaromír , Khol Miroslav , Simeunović Goran , Vyhlídal Tomáš , Guilminot Elodie , Echinard Jane 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The paper presents a study on corrosion prediction for preventive aeronautical heritage protection, considering the aeronautical heritage stored or exhibited in an aviation museum. For the purpose of the study, the hangar with exhibited historical aircraft of significant cultural and societal value is located in the Aviation Museum Kbely, Prague, Czech Republic. Until now, such a preventive approach to protecting the aircraft heritage constituted from ancient aluminum alloys, in particular, has not been presented rigorously. Monitoring the hangar meteorological, pollution, and environmental data are acquired and interrelated with measured corrosion data to find a statistical model describing atmospheric corrosion in the hangar environment. The statistical model searched represents a Gaussian process based on a likelihood approach. As a result, the Gaussian process model is regressed to predict the corrosion of aluminum alloy-based artifacts in the monitored hangar with the marginal likelihood that is compared to machine learning-based prediction. Finally, it is shown that atmospheric corrosion is accurately predicted only when, among others, a synergistic effect of airborne pollutants and wind speed is considered.
Inflammation and acute cardiotoxicity in adult hematological patients treated with CAR-T cells: results from a pilot proof-of-concept study
Authors: Camilli Massimiliano , Viscovo Marcello , Felici Tamara , Maggio Luca , Ballacci Federico , Carella Giacomo , Bonanni Alice , Lamendola Priscilla , Tinti Lorenzo , Di Renzo Antonio , Coarelli Giulia , Galli Eugenio , Liuzzo Giovanna , Burzotta Francesco , Montone Rocco Antonio , Sorà Federica , Sica Simona , Hohaus Stefan , Lanza Gaetano Antonio , Crea Filippo , Lombardo Antonella , Minotti Giorgio 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Aims
Chimeric Antigen Receptor-T (CAR-T) cell infusion is a rapidly evolving antitumor therapy; however, cardiovascular (CV) complications, likely associated with cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and systemic inflammation, have been reported to occur. The CARdio-Tox study aimed at elucidating incidence and determinants of cardiotoxicity related to CAR-T cell therapy.

Methods
Patients with blood malignancies candidate to CAR-T cells were prospectively evaluated by echocardiography at baseline and 7 and 30 days after infusion. The study endpoints were i) incidence of cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD), CTRCD were also balanced for any grade CRS, but CTRCD occurred of Cardiology Guidelines on Cardio-Oncology (decrements of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) or global longitudinal strain (GLS) and/or elevations of cardiac biomarkers (high sensitivity troponin I, natriuretic peptides) and ii), correlations of echocardiographic metrics with inflammatory biomarkers.

Results
Incidence of CTRCD was high at 7 days (59,3%), particularly in subjects with CRS. The integrated definition of CTRCD allowed the identification of the majority of cases (50%). Moreover, early LVEF and GLS decrements were inversely correlated with fibrinogen and interleukin-2 receptor levels (p always ≤ 0.01).

Conclusions
There is a high incidence of early CTRCD in patients treated with CAR-T cells, and a link between CTRCD and inflammation can be demonstrated. Dedicated patient monitoring protocols are advised.

Graphical Abstract
Construct validity of EQ-5D-5L among patients with inflammatory bowel disease—a study based on real-world data from the Swedish Inflammatory Bowel Disease Registry
Authors: Latteur Jack , Ernstsson Olivia , Nilsson Evalill , Jäghult Susanna , Heintz Emelie 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Objectives
The Swedish Inflammatory Bowel Disease Registry (SWIBREG) includes approximately 84% of all patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) treated with immunomodulators, biologics or surgery in Sweden. Data on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) have been collected using EQ-5D-5L in the registry since 2012. Nevertheless, there are few studies assessing the validity of EQ-5D-5L in this patient population. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the construct validity of EQ-5D-5L amongst patients with IBD (ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease).

Methods
Individual-level data on EQ-5D-5L and other disease-specific measures were extracted from SWIBREG. Known-groups validity was assessed by analysing whether the EQ-5D-5L captured expected differences between patient groups with different activity levels of the disease. Convergent validity was assessed by analysing whether the reported problems in the dimensions of EQ-5D-5L, EQ VAS, and the EQ-5D-5L index value correlated, as hypothesized, with the four dimensions in the Short Health Scale, a symptom index question, and the Physician Global Assessment (PGA) score.

Results
In total, 9769 patients with IBD were included in the study. Patients with active IBD reported more health problems in the EQ-5D-5L descriptive system than patients being in remission. The effect sizes for the differences in reported problems between patients with active and inactive disease were at least small (≥0.1) or medium (≥0.3) in all dimensions except self-care. Differences in the mean EQ-5D-5L index and EQ-VAS score between patients with active and inactive disease were statistically significant (p < 0.001) and larger than pre-defined cut-offs for minimally important differences (>0.08 for the index and >11.0 for EQ-VAS). The analysis of convergent validity showed that EQ-5D-5L results correlated as expected with the disease-specific measures in 16 of the 21 analyses. In total, 22 (79%) of the 28 hypotheses were supported.

Conclusion
The findings support the construct validity of EQ-5D-5L amongst patients with IBD and contribute to the scarce literature on the validity of the five-level version of EQ-5D in this patient population. These findings have important implications for the choice of HRQoL measure in routine health care registries like SWIBREG as well as for future clinical or health economic studies considering using EQ-5D-5L as a measure of HRQoL.
Review of fuel treatment effects on fuels, fire behavior and ecological resilience in sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) ecosystems in the Western U.S.
Authors: Chambers Jeanne C. , Strand Eva K. , Ellsworth Lisa M. , Tortorelli Claire M. , Urza Alexandra K. , Crist Michele R. , Miller Richard F. , Reeves Matthew C. , Short Karen C. , Williams Claire L. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Sagebrush ecosystems are experiencing increases in wildfire extent and severity. Most research on vegetation treatments that reduce fuels and fire risk has been short term (2–3 years) and focused on ecological responses. We review causes of altered fire regimes and summarize literature on the longer-term effects of treatments that modify (1) shrub fuels, (2) pinyon and juniper canopy fuels, and (3) fine herbaceous fuels. We describe treatment effects on fuels, fire behavior, ecological resilience, and resistance to invasive annual grasses.

Results
Our review revealed tradeoffs in woody fuel treatments between reducing canopy fuels vs. increasing understory herbaceous vegetation (fuels) and fire behavior. In pinyon-juniper expansion areas, all treatments decreased crown fire risk. Prescribed fire and cut and broadcast burn treatments reduced woody fuels long-term but had higher risk of invasion. Mechanical treatments left understory vegetation intact and increased native perennial plants. However, cut and leave treatments increased downed woody fuel and high-intensity wildfire risk, while cut and pile burn and mastication caused localized disturbances and annual grass invasion. Ecological outcomes depended on ecological resilience; sites with warm and dry conditions or depleted perennial native herbaceous species experienced lower recovery and resistance to invasive annual grasses. In invasive annual grass dominated areas, high-intensity targeted grazing reduced fine fuels but required retreatment or seeding; in intact ecosystems with relatively low shrub cover, dormant season targeted grazing reduced fine fuel and thus fire spread. Preemergent herbicides reduced annual grasses with differing effects in warm and dry vs. cool and moist environments.

Conclusions
The information largely exists to make informed decisions on treatments to mitigate effects of wildfire and improve ecological resilience at local, project scales. Primary considerations are the short- vs long-term tradeoffs in fuels and fire behavior and thus fire severity and the likely ecological response.
Maximum flexion and lateral rollback revealed better patient satisfaction after total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Tamaki M. , Ishibashi T. , Yamazaki T. , Konda S. , Kono K. , Okada S. , Tomita T. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Patient satisfaction is an important outcome of total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However, we cannot predict how and why patients are satisfied or dissatisfied with TKA. The hypothesis of this study was that patient-reported outcomes (PROs) correlate with in vivo kinematics after TKA.

Materials and methods
One hundred knees were analyzed after TKA. The in vivo kinematics of deep knee bending motion were estimated from single-plane fluoroscopy using a two-to-three-dimensional registration technique. Active knee flexion, femoral rotation and rollback were evaluated. The PROs were obtained after surgery using the 2011 Knee Society Scoring System (KSS), and their relationship with in vivo kinematics was determined.

Results
The average minimum and maximum flexion were −2.4 ± 7.3° and 113.2 ± 13.6°, respectively. The average femoral rotation was 7.4 ± 3.4°, and the average medial and lateral rollback were 2.4 ± 4.8 mm and 7.2 ± 5.6 mm, respectively. The multiple regression analysis revealed that the maximum flexion angle significantly contributed to symptoms and satisfaction. In addition, lateral rollback was also a significant factor affecting patient satisfaction. Lateral rollback and lateral Anterior-Posterior (AP) position at maximum flexion were correlated with the maximum flexion angle, whereas femoral rotation did not correlate with flexion angles.

Conclusions
Maximum flexion and lateral rollback are important for better patient satisfaction after TKA. To obtain the maximum flexion angle, it was necessary to perform the normal kinematic pattern with a large amount of lateral rollback.
Is There a Special Role for Ovarian Hormones in the Pathogenesis of Lobular Carcinoma?
Authors: Flaherty Renée L , Sflomos George , Brisken Cathrin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Lobular carcinoma represent the most common special histological subtype of breast cancer, with the majority classed as hormone receptor positive. Rates of invasive lobular carcinoma in postmenopausal women have been seen to increase globally, while other hormone receptor–positive breast cancers proportionally have not followed the same trend. This has been linked to exposure to exogenous ovarian hormones such as hormone replacement therapy. Reproductive factors resulting in increased lifetime exposure to endogenous ovarian hormones have also been linked to an increased risk of lobular breast cancer, and taken together, these data make a case for the role of ovarian hormones in the genesis and progression of the disease. In this review, we summarize current understanding of the epidemiological associations between ovarian hormones and lobular breast cancer and highlight mechanistic links that may underpin the etiology and biology.
Squished Bugs
Authors: Stack Whitney Kaitlin , Whitney Kristoffer 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Field guides have been a vital part of biology disciplines for centuries. This article focuses on recent pedagogical innovations in biological fieldwork, in fields such as entomology and ecology—specifically, the creation of informal field guide photographs that depict insects as ecologists-in-training are most likely to encounter them: dead and squished on cards, in nets, and on other types of insect traps. This article examines the training of ecology technicians to identify collected insects in the field and the laboratory. Technicians (whether students or volunteers) are trained to the squished reference images, with the goal of improving their insect identification skills and aid in ecological knowledge production. Using this empirical example, the article argues that squished bugs more importantly represent a pedagogical opportunity to instill an ethical reflexivity in field technicians operating well outside of academic environmental humanities circles. Drawing on multispecies studies’ (and its animal studies antecedents’) focus on environmental ethics, as well as the scant but growing attention to “unloved others” like invertebrates, squished bugs are used as a way of reckoning with the destruction and deformation of life for the sake of conservation knowledge and, as Donna Haraway has suggested, “staying with the trouble” of killing insects.
Roles for CEP170 in cilia function and dynein-2 assembly
Authors: Weijman Johannes F. , Vuolo Laura , Shak Caroline , Pugnetti Anna , Mukhopadhyay Aakash G. , Hodgson Lorna R. , Heesom Kate J. , Roberts Anthony J. , Stephens David J. 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
Primary cilia are essential eukaryotic organelles required for signalling and secretion. Dynein-2 is a microtubule-motor protein complex and is required for ciliogenesis via its role in facilitating retrograde intraflagellar transport (IFT) from the cilia tip to the cell body. Dynein-2 must be assembled and loaded onto IFT trains for entry into cilia for this process to occur, but how dynein-2 is assembled and how it is recycled back into a cilium remain poorly understood. Here, we identify centrosomal protein of 170 kDa (CEP170) as a dynein-2-interacting protein in mammalian cells. We show that loss of CEP170 perturbs intraflagellar transport and hedgehog signalling, and alters the stability of dynein-2 holoenzyme complex. Together, our data indicate a role for CEP170 in supporting cilia function and dynein-2 assembly.
Specific dynamic action: the energy cost of digestion or growth?
Authors: Goodrich Harriet R. , Wood Chris M. , Wilson Rod W. , Clark Timothy D. , Last Katja B. , Wang Tobias 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
The physiological processes underlying the post-prandial rise in metabolic rate, most commonly known as the ‘specific dynamic action’ (SDA), remain debated and controversial. This Commentary examines the SDA response from two opposing hypotheses: (i) the classic interpretation, where the SDA represents the energy cost of digestion, versus (ii) the alternative view that much of the SDA represents the energy cost of growth. The traditional viewpoint implies that individuals with a reduced SDA should grow faster given the same caloric intake, but experimental evidence for this effect remains scarce and inconclusive. Alternatively, we suggest that the SDA reflects an organism's efficacy in allocating the ingested food to growth, emphasising the role of post-absorptive processes, particularly protein synthesis. Although both viewpoints recognise the trade-offs in energy allocation and the dynamic nature of energy distribution among physiological processes, we argue that equating the SDA with ‘the energy cost of digestion’ oversimplifies the complexities of energy use in relation to the SDA and growth. In many instances, a reduced SDA may reflect diminished nutrient absorption (e.g. due to lower digestive efficiency) rather than increased ‘free’ energy available for somatic growth. Considering these perspectives, we summarise evidence both for and against the opposing hypotheses with a focus on ectothermic vertebrates. We conclude by presenting a number of future directions for experiments that may clarify what the SDA is, and what it is not.