bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safety and Utility of Various Intravenous Access Devices in a Newly Established Pediatric Hematology Oncology Unit in Central India: Is Midline an Acceptable Option?
Authors: Kundavaram Rajkumar , Abraham Anisha Rosilyn , Chaudhary Narendra Kumar , Tadepalli Karuna , Malik Shikha 
Published: April 2024

Introduction:
Recent advances in chemotherapy and supportive care have led to improved survival rates in paediatric oncology. Management of these patients requires safe and reliable intravenous access for various purposes, which can be achieved with midline, central venous catheters (CVC), peripherally inserted central catheters(PICC) and chemo-port. Each type of access has a its advantages and disadvantages. We have analysed the safety and utility of various intravenous access devices in pediatric oncology patients.

Methods:
A single-centre prospective observational study was conducted in the Division of Paediatric Haematology Oncology, Department of Paediatrics, in a tertiary care hospital in central India. A total of 32 patients were enrolled (14 Midlines, 12 CVCs, 4 PICCs, 2 Chemo-ports). These were observed for catheter dwell time and complications.

Results:
The median dwell time for all types of catheters was 30 days. The longest median catheter dwell time was for chemo-port (101 days), followed by midlines (30.4 days). The most frequent complication encountered in our study was thrombophlebitis (28%), followed by central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI- 22%). Among CVCs, the most frequent complication was CLABSI(11.9 per 1000 catheter days). Among Midline catheters, the most frequent complication was thrombophlebitis(18.8 per 1000 catheter days). Among PICCs, one each of catheter leak, catheter fracture, thrombophlebitis and CLABSI was seen (21.7 per 1000 catheter days). Both chemo-ports were removed due to complications (one due to CLABSI and the other due to catheter migration into the right atrium).

Conclusions:
Midlines can be used at newly established paediatric oncology centres as serious complications (CLABSI and deep catheter migration) are less common with midlines.
Ratio of Metastatic Lymph Nodes: A Significant Prognostic Factor in Patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Kumar Anshuman , Roy Birsubhra , Aiyer HemaMalini , Rawat Garima 
Published: April 2024

Background:
One of the significant prognostic factors for survival in squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity is the presence or absence of cervical metastasis. Thus, management of cervical lymph nodes becomes a vital component of the overall treatment strategy for patients with cancers of the head and neck. The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic value of the ratio of metastatic lymph nodes in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Methods:
A retrospective analysis of 225 biopsy-proven oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients with T1-T4a status of the primary tumor was done. All cases had a history of surgical excision of the primary lesion and neck dissection with a follow-up period of two years. Primary tumor sites include viz buccal mucosa, tongue, alveolus, gingivo-buccal sulcus and retromolar trigone. Patients with loco-regionally advanced disease and a history of any previous surgery or radio-therapeutic treatment of the head and neck were excluded from the study. Locoregional recurrence, disease-free survival, and the associations between clinicopathological features and recurrence were analysed using univariate and multivariate analysis. p-value ≤ 0.001 was found to be significant. Survival curves were plotted using the Kaplan-Meier method for 5-year disease-free survival.

Results:
The patients with positive lymph nodes were divided into high- or low-risk groups using the best nodal parameter cut-off values (0.06). Our univariate analysis showed a significant correlation between locoregional recurrence and type of neck dissection, pN classification, staging, extranodal extension, perineural invasion, and ratio of metastatic lymph nodes (RML). However, on multivariate analysis, RML showed an independent prognostic predictor (p= 0.04) for locoregional recurrence.

Conclusion:
The findings of our study suggest that RML is a strong independent predictor of prognosis in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma.
Household Survey to Evaluate the Coverage of Mass Drug Administration for the Lymphatic Filariasis in District Umaria, Madhya Pradesh, India in Year 2023
Authors: Kabirpanthi Vikrant , Singh Akash Ranjan , Kahar Priti , Pathak Astha , Pandey Satyendra , Jayswar Himanshu 
Published: April 2024

Background:
In 2023, the Umaria district in Madhya Pradesh, India, was identified as an endemic district for Lymphatic Filariasis (LF). The National Programme for Elimination of Lymphatic Filariasis conducted annual mass drug administration (MDA) campaigns in February to eliminate LF by 2027.

Objective:
This study aimed to estimate the coverage and compliance rate of MDA in the Umaria district of Madhya Pradesh, India, in 2023.

Methodology:
A cluster sampling method was used for evaluation. The district was divided into three implementation units, corresponding to its three administrative blocks. Four clusters were selected within each unit, consisting of one urban and three rural clusters. Thirty households were randomly selected as respondents from each cluster. Data was collected in May 2023 using a standardized coverage evaluation form designed by the World Health Organization.

Result:
Among the 360 households surveyed, information on 1606 beneficiaries was obtained. MDA was offered to 94% of the total population, with a coverage and compliance rate of 98.5% among the eligible population. The most common reasons for not consuming the drugs were "not present at house during the campaign" and "fear of drugs." Less than one percent of beneficiaries reported any side effects following the consumption of MDA.

Conclusion & Implication:
The coverage and compliance of MDA in the district appear to be optimal. The National Programme for Elimination of Lymphatic Filariasis should now consider conducting Transmission Assessment Surveys to determine the endemicity of districts that have reached the critical threshold of LF infection. Additionally, establishing adequate sentinel sites, organizing night blood examination camps in endemic areas, and improving Information Education Communication activities may aid in achieving LF elimination by 2027.
Constructing linear-fractional functional dependencies based on data with interval uncertainty
Authors: Шарый С.П. , Шашкина Е.П. 
Published: April 2024

Рассмотрены методы восстановления дробно-линейных функциональных зависимостей по данным с интервальной неопределенностью. В качестве практического приложения решена задача обработки интервальных данных измерений электро-химического процесса формирования осадка металла. Для восстановления искомой функциональной зависимости предлагается развитие метода максимума совместности, ранее успешно зарекомендовавшего себя при решении задач нахождения параметров линейных зависимостей. Для случая сильной совместности параметров и данных показана квазивогнутость распознающего функционала, точка максимума которого берется в качестве оценки параметров зависимости. Рассматривается обобщение на произвольные дробно-линейные функции.
The paper addresses methods for the solution of curve ҥtting problem from inaccurate data that have interval uncertainty, i. e. about which it is only known that they belong to some intervals of possible values. Under these conditions, it is necessary to construct a functional dependence from a given class that has the best possible consistency (compatibility) with the interval data. In order to construct the required functional dependence, we develop the maximum compatibility method, in which, to ҥnd the parameters of a function, it is required to maximize the so-called recognizing functional of the solution set to an interval system of equations built from interval data and the expression of the constructed function. A strong version of the maximum compatibility method is preferred, as it is more practical and has better theoretical properties. Previously, a strong version of the maximum compatibility method has successfully proven itself in solving data ҥtting for linear function, from interval data. In the theoretical part of the paper, a general approach to the nonlinear curve ҥtting problem is proposed, and then the practically important fractional-linear function is discussed in more detail. It is shown that the recognizing functional of the information set of the problem in this special case is a quasi-concave function, so that its maximum is unique. In addition, the quasi-concavity property radically simpliҥes the numerical maximization of the recognizing functional. As a practical application, the problem of processing interval measurement data of the electrochemical process of metal deposit formation is solved. Finally, the paper considers a generalization of the proposed technique for constructing the best ҥt linear-fractional functions from interval data applied to the case of an arbitrary number of variables. We substantiate the quasi-concavity of the recognizing functional of the information set for the problem arising in this case, which allows applying the developed methods of non-smooth optimization for ҥnding their maximums
Integrated geoinformation system for environmental monitoring of the Ob-Irtysh river basin
Authors: Донцов А.А. , Суторихин И.А. , Кириллов В.В. , Ловцкая О.В. 
Published: April 2024

Показаны результаты разработки геоинформационной веб-системы, предназначенной для формирования единой научно обоснованной системы высокотехнологического комплексного экологического мониторинга (гидрологического, гидрохимического, гидробиологического) Обь-Иртышского речного бассейна и позволяющей оценивать экологическое состояние водных объектов с учетом изменяющегося климата и увеличения антропогенной нагрузки. Представлены архитектура геоинформационной системы, основные модули и компоненты, функциональные возможности и интерфейс пользователя. Рассмотрена структура проблемно-ориентированной базы данных, используемой для хранения и обработки информации в составе геоинформационной веб-системы.
The results of the development of a geographic information web system (GIS) are presented, designed to form a uniҥed scientiҥcally based system of high-tech integrated environmental monitoring (hydrological, hydrochemical, hydrobiological) of the Ob-Irtysh river basin. It allows assessing the ecological state of water bodies and accounting for the climate change and the increasing anthropogenic load. The architecture of a geoinformation system based on a service approach is presented. When implementing a GIS, the API-Gateway programming pattern was used. The system provides the main modules and components of the GIS, its functionality and user interface designed to display expeditionary data. The structure of a problem-oriented database used for storing and processing information as part of a geoinformation web system is considered. The database was built using the CUASHI HIS data model and a standardized relational database structure proposed by the Consortium of Universities for the Development of Hydrology to store and describe point observations. This data model is quite universal and can be used to organize the storage, search and retrieval of information collected by many organizations to solve the problems of integrated environmental monitoring. The layout of such database with a single expandable system of directories allows collecting and combining the most important data on the subject area of research and use the data for subsequent analysis, calculations, and display of results. The obtained results are applicable for organization of integrated monitoring of the ecological state of Subarctic water bodies, the implementation of environmental policy, educational and educational activities and solving important socio-economic and environmental problems, arising within the framework of the Strategy for the Development of the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation and ensuring national security until 2035. The developed GIS provides diverse information about the state of water bodies. Software interfaces allows receiving data from various measuring instruments and complexes, as well as downloading the results of expeditionary work with the help of web interface
Подход к определению пространственного положения и размеров объектов сцены по изображению с использованием методов машинного обучения
Authors: Letenkov M.A. , Cherskikh E.O. 
Published: April 2024

This paper considers an urgent problem of assessing spatial position and geometric characteristics of environmental objects from images. An approach was developed based on combining the results of object detection using the Mask R-CNN model and the reconstruction of depth maps obtained using the RealSense camera. We evaluated the class-averaged values of the relative error in determining the size of objects for test sets of images formed at various levels of scene illumination: 0.1449, 0.3313, 0.6332. Also, within the experiments relative deviation values were obtained when determining the spatial positions of objects: 0.1010, 0.1624, 0.3477.
В контексте определения характеристик киберфизической среды одной из актуальных проблем является определение пространственных координат, местоположения и размеров объектов внешнего окружения. В рамках настоящего исследования для решения указанной проблемы был предложен подход к оценке пространственного положения и геометрических характеристик объектов окружающей среды по изображениям, основанный на объединении результатов детектирования объектов с использованием нейросетевой модели Mask R-CNN, а также результатов восстановления карт глубины наблюдаемой сцены с помощью камеры RealSense D435. В работе представлены авторские алгоритмы анализа геометрических свойств наблюдаемых на изображении областей сцены, а также комплементарные алгоритмы оценки размеров и положения объектов. Оценка качества разработанного подхода проводилась на основе тестового набора данных, включающего 12 000 изображений, сформированных при трех различных уровнях освещенности сцены: 100, 70 и 50 %. В рамках эксперимента найдены усредненные по классам значения относительной ошибки вычисления размеров объектов для соответствующих наборов изображений: 0.1449, 0.3313, 0.6332. Значения относительного отклонения при определении пространственного положения объектов по результатам тестирования составили 0.1010, 0.1624, 0.3477. Таким образом, предлагаемое решение позволяет успешно определять размеры и пространственное положение объектов различных классов по изображениям сцены с уровнями освещенности 100 и 70 %.
Death and Grief in Indonesian Culture During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Krisna Puri Swastika Gusti , Anggun Imanuel Eko , Nurcahyo Fajar 
Published: April 2024

<p class="Abstract">The COVID-19 pandemic has presented significant challenges to
societies worldwide, imposing unprecedented restrictions on the way people
grieve and commemorate their departed loved ones. In the context of Indonesia,
a country renowned for its rich and expressive cultural and religious mourning
practices, these restrictions have profound implications. This study explores
the intricate relationship between death, grief, and the limitations imposed by
pandemic-related protocols within Indonesian religious culture. Indonesia’s
diverse cultural landscape encompasses a myriad of religious traditions and
religious rituals that offer solace and support during times of loss. However,
stringent safety measures, including restrictions on funerals and burial
practices, have disrupted these customs. This paper delves into the emotional
and psychological impact of these restrictions on the Indonesian population,
examining the tension between the deep-rooted religious and cultural practices
surrounding death and mourning, and the necessity of adhering to public health
measures. The results of this study unveil the silent sorrows experienced by
Indonesians, who have been forced to adapt their grieving process. It explores
the innovative ways in which individuals and communities have sought to
maintain their religious and cultural identities while adhering to pandemic
protocols. Furthermore, it reflects the resilience and adaptability of
Indonesian society in the face of unprecedented challenges. By shedding light
on this unique intersection of religious and cultural traditions, pandemic
restrictions, and grief, this article contributes to a deeper understanding of
how societies cope with losses during times of crisis. It emphasises the
importance of preserving religious-cultural identity and mental well-being even
amidst adversity and calls for a more nuanced approach to pandemic management
that respects the cultural tapestry of a nation while safeguarding public health.<o:p></o:p></p>
TURBULENCE MODELS IN CALCULATIONS OF AERODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF GAS FLOWS
Authors: Gusentsova Ya. , Krasnogrudov A. , Rodygina M. , Ibragimov R. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract. The review of the most common turbulence models in engineering calculations, which allow approximate description of turbulent flows using the Reynolds equations of motion, is carried out, and their areas of application are shown. To calculate turbulent flows by solving the Reynolds equations, a closure hypothesis is adopted for apparent turbulent stresses and other variables included in the equations.
It is noted that Businex is considered one of the main ones, which is confirmed by experimental studies of turbulence, which show that the turbulent flow is characterized by the presence of an energy cascade from large to smaller scales.
In addition, the authors considered: the semi-empirical Prandtl theory based on the assumption that turbulent motion consists of an infinite number of vortices of various scales that interact with each other and transfer energy from large scales to smaller ones, models specially adapted to a specific type of problem, for example, LES for modeling the interaction of turbulent flows, a generalized theory of developed turbulence (GDT, Generalized Theory of Turbulence), which is a theory, developed for the description and simulation of turbulent flows in various technical devices.
It is proved that one of the most common approaches is to use models with different levels of detail, starting with simpler models and moving on to more complex ones, if necessary to achieve the required accuracy. This approach is called the "ladder of models" or RANS/LES method.
Subject of research: turbulence models for calculating aerodynamic characteristics of gas flows.
Materials and methods: the basis of the performed research is a number of scientific works of domestic and foreign researchers in this field and the results obtained by the authors in the course of the work.
A systematic approach is used, meaning consideration and study of the object of research as an integrated system consisting of many interrelated elements.
Results: The authors note that one of the most common approaches is to use models with different levels of detail, starting with simpler models and moving on to more complex ones if necessary to achieve the required accuracy. This approach is called the "ladder of models" or RANS/LES method.
Conclusions: The choice of a turbulence model for specific cases depends on a number of factors, including flow characteristics, available data, accuracy requirements and computational capabilities. The selection criteria include: physical properties and flow mode; the degree of accuracy of calculations and calculation capabilities.
PENGGUNAAN DAUN KELOR (Moringa oleifera) UNTUK PENGOBATAN DIABETES
Authors: Yohandini Heni , Fitrya Fitrya , Elfita Elfita , Maryadi Maryadi , Muharni Muharni 
Published: April 2024

Diabetes is a disease that is often found in society. Various treatment methods are offered for healing, ranging from medical treatment to non-medical treatment using herbal medicines. Various complications can occur due to diabetes, including decreased kidney function, nerve damage, blindness, and even amputation. Considering the dangers of diabetes, the use of Moringa leaves has been introduced to the community in Indralaya Mulya Village to lower blood sugar levels. The step of activity include education on the use of Moringa leaves to lower blood sugar levels, introduction to various dosage forms of Moringa leaves and checking the blood sugar levels of participants. The results of this activity show that people tend to understand diabetes and the impacts it causes, so they have a great desire to avoid diabetes. People are know various traditional medicinal plants, especially Moringa oleifera leaves and various dosage forms that can be used to maintain blood sugar levels. The results of checking blood sugar levels showed that of the 20 participants examined, only one person had blood sugar levels above normal. Based on these activities, it was concluded that the people of Indralaya Mulya have a great desire to maintain health by using medicinal plants.
Pagoejoeban Pasoendan 1913-1942
Authors: Maulidan Aldi Cahya , Mulyana Agus 
Published: April 2024

The study was entitled "PAGOEJOEBAN PASOENDAN 1913-1942". The author takes the topic of Paguyuban Pasundan with the title above, because based on the results of the literature study that the author did, that there are still few works that discuss Paguyuban Pasundan, even though the role of Paguyuban Pasundan as an organization has a major impact on the Indonesian independence movement both nationally and West Java. The author sets out three formulations of the problem in this paper, namely, what is the history of the birth of the Pasundan Community? What is the ideology of Paguyuban Pasundan organization? How were the organizational activities of Paguyuban Pasundan in 1927-1942? The method used is a historical method consisting of four stages, namely: Heuristics, Criticism, Interpretation, Historiography, and is also assisted by using an interdisciplinary approach from the social sciences (especially from Sociology and Politics). The technique that the author uses is a literature study related to the theme that the author is studying. Based on the results of the literature study that the author conducted, that Paguyuban Pasundan was born becauseof disappointment with Budi Utomo's organization which prioritized the interests of Javanese and Madurese. So, because of these factors, an organization that accommodates Sundanese people was established, namely Paguyuban Pasundan. At the beginning of the establishment of the Paguyuban Pasundan organization moved for the benefit of the Sundanese people but turned into a national interest as evidenced by the period 1927-1942 establishing PPPKI, GAPI and active in the Volksraad. The Pasundan Guyuban movement covers the fields of Politics, Social, Economy, and Education.