bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resilience Improves Patient Reported Outcomes After Orthopaedic Trauma
Authors: Tran Sterling , Yeager Matthew T. , Rutz Robert W. , Mohammed Zuhair , Johnson Joseph P. , Spitler Clay A. 
Published: March 2024

OBJECTIVES:
To analyze the relationship between patient resilience and patient reported outcomes after orthopaedic trauma.

METHODS:

Design:
Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data

Setting:
Single Level 1 Trauma Center

Patient Selection Criteria:
Patients were selected based on completion of the Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) and Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) surveys 6-months after undergoing operative fracture fixation following orthopaedic trauma. Patients were excluded if they did not complete all PROMIS and BRS surveys.

Outcome Measures and Comparisons:
Resilience, measured by the BRS, was analyzed for its effect on patient reported outcomes, measured by PROMIS Global Physical Health, Physical Function, Pain Interference, Global Mental Health, Depression, and Anxiety. Variables collected were demographics (age, gender, race, body mass index [BMI]), injury severity score (ISS), and postoperative complications (nonunion, infection). All variables were analyzed with univariate for effect on all PROMIS scores. Variables with significance were included in multivariate analysis. Patients were then separated into high resilience (BRS>4.3) and low resilience (BRS<3.0) groups for additional analysis.

RESULTS:
A total of 99 patients were included in the analysis. Most patients were male (53%) with an average age of 47 years. Postoperative BRS scores significantly correlated with PROMIS Global Physical Health, Pain Interference, Physical Function, Global Mental Health, Depression, and Anxiety (p≤0.001 for all scores) at 6 months after injury on both univariate and multivariate analysis. The high resilience group had significantly higher PROMIS Global Physical Health, Physical Function, and Global Mental Health scores and significantly lower PROMIS Pain Interference, Depression, and Anxiety scores (p≤0.001 for all scores).

CONCLUSION:
Resilience in orthopaedic trauma has a positive association with patient outcomes at six months postoperatively. Patients with higher resilience report higher scores in all PROMIS categories regardless of injury severity. Future studies directed at increasing resilience may improve outcomes in orthopaedic trauma patients.

Level of Evidence:
III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
The Mid-term Outcome of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration After Direct Vertebral Rotation in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis
Authors: Kim Hong Jin , Chang Dong-Gune , Lenke Lawrence G. , Pizones Javier , Castelein René , Trobisch Per D. , Cheung Jason P. Y. , Suk Se-Il 
Published: March 2024

Study Design:
A retrospective cohort study.

Objective:
To evaluate the mid-term effect of intervertebral disc degeneration (DD) in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) who underwent pedicle screw instrumentation (PSI) and rod derotation (RD) with direct vertebral rotation (DVR).

Summary of Background Data:
Posterior spinal fusion is a mainstay of surgical treatment in AIS, and DVR is considered a main corrective maneuver for vertebral rotation. However, the mid-term effect of intervertebral DD after DVR is still unknown in AIS.

Methods:
A total of 336 vertebrae for 48 patients with AIS who underwent PSI and RD with DVR were retrospectively assessed for intervertebral DD. They were divided into two groups based upon intervertebral DD, defined as Pfirmann grade more than IV. The Pfirrmann grade and modic change were evaluated at the disc above the uppermost instrumented vertebra (UIV), the disc below the lowest instrumented vertebra (LIV), and the lumbar disc levels.

Results:
With the 11.6 years of mean follow-up, 41.7% (20/48) of patients exhibited DD, while modic changes were observed in 4.2% (2/48) of the included patients. The discs below the LIV, L4-5, and L5-S1 were significantly shown to have an increasing trend of Pfirmann grade. The preoperative thoracic kyphosis was significantly lower in the DD group (22.0°) than in the non-DD group (31.4°) (P = 0.025) and negatively correlated with DD (r = −0.482, P = 0.018). The Pfirrmann grade of L5-S1 showed a high level of correlation with DD (r = 0.604, P < 0.001).

Conclusions:
The degenerative change at the disc below the LIV, L4-5, and L5-S1 levels was observed following PSI and RD with DVR. Thoracic hypokyphosis may negatively influence intervertebral discs in patients with AIS required for deformity correction. Therefore, the restoration of thoracic kyphosis is important to prevent long-term DD in AIS.
Relationship Between Oral Health and Glaucoma Traits in the United Kingdom
Authors: Lee Rachel H. , Kang Jae H. , Wiggs Janey L. , Wagner Siegfried K. , Khawaja Anthony P. , Pasquale Louis R. ,   for the Modifiable Risk Factors for Glaucoma Collaboration, the UK Biobank Eye and Vision Consortium, and the International Glaucoma Genetics Consortium
Published: March 2024

Précis:
In this cross-sectional analysis of UK Biobank participants, we find no adverse association between self-reported oral health conditions and either glaucoma or elevated intraocular pressures.

Purpose:
Poor oral health may cause inflammation, which accelerates the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. We investigated the relationship between oral health and glaucoma.

Patients:
United Kingdom Biobank participants.

Methods:
This is a cross-sectional analysis of participants categorized by self-reported oral health status. Multivariable linear and logistic regression models were used. Primary analysis examined the association with glaucoma prevalence. Secondary analyses examined associations with IOP, macular retinal nerve fiber layer (mRNFL), and ganglion cell inner plexiform layer (mGCIPL) thicknesses, and interaction terms with multitrait glaucoma polygenic risk scores (MTAG PRS) or intraocular pressure (IOP) PRS.

Results:
A total of 170,815 participants (34.3%) reported current oral health problems, including painful or bleeding gums, toothache, loose teeth, and/or denture wear. A In all, 33,059, 33,004, 14,652, and 14,613 participants were available for analysis of glaucoma, IOP, mRNFL, and mGCIPL, respectively. No association between oral health and glaucoma was identified [odds ratio (OR): 1.04, 95% CI: 0.95–1.14]. IOPs were slightly lower among those with oral disease (−0.08 mm Hg, 95% CI: −0.15, −0.009); specifically, among those with loose teeth (P=0.03) and denture-wearers (P<0.0001). mRNFL measurements were lower among those with oral health conditions (−0.14 μm, 95% CI: −0.27, −0.0009), but mGCIPL measurements (P=0.96) were not significantly different. A PRS for IOP or glaucoma did not modify relations between oral health and IOP or glaucoma (P for interactions ≥​​​​0.17).

Conclusions:
Self-reported oral health was not associated with elevated IOP or an increased risk of glaucoma. Future studies should confirm the null association between clinically diagnosed oral health conditions and glaucoma.
Outcomes of Trabeculectomy and Ahmed Glaucoma Valve Implantation in Patients With Iridocorneal Endothelial Syndrome
Authors: Nilforushan Naveed , Abolfathzadeh Navid , Miraftabi Arezoo , Banifatemi Mohammad 
Published: March 2024

Précis:
Our study highlights the long-term success of trabeculectomy or Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) surgery in patients with glaucoma secondary to iridocorneal endothelial (ICE) syndrome. However, many ICE syndrome cases may need multiple glaucoma surgeries to achieve controlled intraocular pressure (IOP), with/without concomitant corneal graft surgery.

Objective:
To evaluate the long-term outcome of trabeculectomy and AGV implantation in ICE syndrome.

Methods:
Patients with glaucoma secondary to ICE syndrome who underwent either trabeculectomy or AGV surgery with intraoperative adjunctive mitomycin-C from 2009 to 2020 were included in this study. All patients were followed for at least 6 months after initial surgery. The main outcome measures were IOP, number of IOP-lowering medications, and surgical success. Surgical success was defined as complete according to the levels of IOP (<18) and at least 20% reduction from preoperative IOP without medications and qualified as a complete success but with medications, where the number of medications was less than preoperative numbers. Cumulative success was the sum of the qualified and complete success.

Results:
Twenty-nine eyes of 29 patients were included. Trabeculectomy was done in 13 patients (group A, 44.8%) and 16 patients underwent AGV surgery (group B, 55.2%). The median age was 50 (42–56.50) and 47 (36.75–52.75) years in groups A and B, respectively (P = 0.10). All patients completed at least 2 years of follow-up. Mean IOP was not significantly different between groups preoperatively (P = 0.70) and the effect of the type of surgery on IOP was not statistically significant at multiple follow-up time points (repeated measures analysis of variance, P = 0.44). The mean IOP decreased from 35.76 ± 6.36 mm Hg preoperatively to 16.00 ± 3.10 in group A and from 36.12 ± 8.11 mm Hg to 17.00 ± 3.75 in group B (P = 0.449) at year 2 of follow-up. The effect of the type of surgery was not significant on the total number of IOP-lowering medications used throughout the study (repeated measures analysis of variance, P = 0.81). Kaplan-Meier analysis shows complete success in 14 patients (48.3%), 11 patients (37.9%), and 7 patients (24.1%) at 6-month, 1-year, and 2-year follow-up, respectively. The cumulative success rate was 95% at 2 years follow-up for all patients.

Conclusions:
In 2-year follow-up, trabeculectomy or AGV significantly reduced the IOP in glaucoma patients secondary to ICE syndrome.
Incidence of non-AIDS defining comorbidities among young adults with perinatally acquired HIV in North America
Authors: Haw Nel Jason L. , Lesko Catherine R. , Ng Derek K. , Lam Jennifer , Lang Raynell , Kitahata Mari M. , Crane Heidi , Eron Joseph , Gill M. John , Horberg Michael A. , Karris Maile , Loutfy Mona , McGinnis Kathleen A. , Moore Richard D. , Althoff Keri , Agwu Allison 
Published: March 2024

Objective:
The aim of this study is to describe the incidence of diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM), hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hypertension, and chronic kidney disease (CKD) from 2000 to 2019 among North American adults with perinatally acquired HIV (PHIV) aged 18–30 years.

Design:
Description of outcomes based on electronic health records for a cohort of 375 young adults with PHIV enrolled in routine HIV care at clinics contributing data to the North American AIDS Cohort Collaboration on Research and Design (NA-ACCORD).

Methods:
We estimated overall, sex, and race-stratified cumulative incidences using Turnbull estimation, and incidence rates using quasi-Poisson regression. T2DM was defined as glycosylated hemoglobin more than 6.5% or based on clinical diagnosis and medication use. Hypercholesterolemia was based on medication use or total cholesterol at least 200 mg/dl. Hypertriglyceridemia was based on medication use or fasting triglyceride at least 150 mg/dl or nonfasting at least 200 mg/dl. Hypertension was based on clinical diagnosis. CKD was defined as estimated glomerular filtration rates less than 90 ml/mi|1.73 m2 for at least 3 months.

Results:
Cumulative incidence by age 30 and incidence rates from age 18 to 30 (per 100 person-years) were T2DM: 19%, 2.9; hypercholesterolemia: 40%, 4.6; hypertriglyceridemia: 50%, 5.6; hypertension: 22%, 2.0; and CKD: 25%, 3.3. Non-Black women had the highest incidence of hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia, Black adults had the highest hypertension incidence, and Black men had the highest CKD incidence.

Conclusion:
There was a high incidence of five chronic comorbidities among people with PHIV. Earlier screening at younger ages might be considered for this unique population to strengthen prevention strategies and initiate treatment in a timely way.
Distribution, ecology, and natural history of the recently rediscovered and critically endangered Santa Marta Sabrewing
Authors: Botero-Delgadillo Esteban , Lara Carlos Esteban , Vega Yurgen , Santos María Paula , Zárrate Diego , Cuervo Andrés M. , Mittermeier John C. 
Published: March 2024

SummaryThe Santa Marta Sabrewing is a critically endangered (CR) hummingbird endemic to the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia. Prior to 2022, there were only three documented sightings of the sabrewing since it was described in 1879, including only one record between 1946 and 2022. As a result, this “lost” species has long been one of the most poorly-known birds in Colombia. We located a resident population of Santa Marta Sabrewing along the Guatapurí River near the Chemesquemena and Guatapurí villages in July 2022, and at its type locality, San José, in January 2023. Based on historical data and newly-collected field observations, we assess the species’ status and describe aspects of its natural history and ecology. Our review indicates the species has been frequently misidentified in the past, and that to date, documented evidence of its presence is limited to five localities, almost all of them restricted to the south-eastern slope of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, along the mid Guatapurí river basin. Consequently, this bird appears to represent a case of microendemism. Following IUCN criteria, our data suggest that Santa Marta Sabrewing should remain listed as CR. Field observations indicate that the species is highly associated with watercourses, where males hold year-round territories and form leks. We obtained records of males in mid-elevation habitats (1,150–1,850 m) for 16 consecutive months between July 2022 and October 2023, suggesting that the species might not be an elevational migrant, as previously speculated. More information is needed to understand the species’ ecology so that effective conservation actions can be designed in collaboration with the indigenous communities with which the species coexists.
Rapamycin Treatment Reduces Brain Pericyte Constriction in Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Beard Daniel J , Brown Lachlan S , Morris Gary P , Couch Yvonne , Adriaanse Bryan A , Karali Christina Simoglou , Schneider Anna M , Howells David W , Redzic Zoran B , Sutherland Brad A , Buchan Alastair M 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe contraction and subsequent death of brain pericytes may play a role in microvascular no-reflow following the re-opening of an occluded artery during ischemic stroke. Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibition has been shown to reduce motility/contractility of various cancer cell lines and reduce neuronal cell death in stroke. However, the effects of mTOR inhibition on brain pericyte contraction and death during ischemia have not yet been investigated. Cultured pericytes exposed to simulated ischemia for 12 hoursin vitrocontracted after less than 1 h, which was about 7h prior to cell death. Rapamycin significantly reduced the rate of pericyte contraction during ischemia, however, it did not have a significant effect on pericyte viability at any time point. Rapamycin appeared to reduce pericyte contraction through a RhoA-dependent pathway, independent of changes in intracellular calcium. Using a mouse model of middle cerebral artery occlusion, rapamycin significantly increased the diameter of capillaries underneath pericytes and increased the number of open capillaries 30 minutes following recanalization. Our findings suggest rapamycin may be a useful adjuvant therapeutic to reduce pericyte contraction and improve cerebral reperfusion post-stroke.
collectNET: a web server for integrated inference of cell-cell communication network
Authors: Pan Yan , Gao Zijing , Cui Xuejian , Li Zhen , Jiang Rui 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSummaryCell-cell communication through ligand-receptor pairs forms the cornerstone for complex functionalities in multicellular organisms. Deciphering such intercellular signaling can contribute to un-raveling disease mechanisms and enables targeted therapy. Nonetheless, notable biases and inconsistencies are evident among the inferential outcomes generated by current methods for inferring cell-cell communication network. To fill this gap, we developed collectNET (http://health.tsing-hua.edu.cn/collectnet) as the first web server for efficiently inferring the cell-cell communication network, with efficient calculation, hierarchical browsing, comprehensive statistics, advanced searching, and intuitive visualization. collectNET provides a reliable online inference service with prior knowledge of three public ligand-receptor databases and systematic integration of three mainstream inference methods. Additionally, collectNET has assembled a human cell-cell communication atlas, including 126,785 significant communication pairs based on 343,023 single cells. We anticipate that collectNET will benefit researchers in gaining a more holistic understanding of cell development and differentiation mechanisms.Availability and ImplementationcollectNET is freely available athttp://health.tsinghua.edu.cn/collectnet.Contactruijiang@tsinghua.edu.cnSupplementary informationSupplementary data are available atBioinformaticsonline.
14-3-3ζ regulates adipogenesis by modulating chromatin accessibility during the early stages of adipocyte differentiation
Authors: Rial SA , You Z , Vivoli A , Sean D , Al-Khoury Amal , Lavoie G , Civelek M , Martinez-Sanchez A , Roux PP , Durcan TM , Lim GE 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACTWe previously established the scaffold protein 14-3-3ζ as a critical regulator of adipogenesis and adiposity, but the temporal specificity of its action during adipocyte differentiation remains unclear. To decipher if 14-3-3ζ exerts its regulatory functions on mature adipocytes or on adipose precursor cells (APCs), we generatedAdipoq14-3-3ζKO andPdgfra14-3-3ζKO mouse models. Our findings revealed a pivotal role for 14-3-3ζ in APC differentiation in a sex-dependent manner, whereby male and femalePdgfra14-3-3ζKO mice display impaired or potentiated weight gain, respectively, as well as fat mass. To better understand how 14-3-3ζ regulates the adipogenic transcriptional program in APCs, CRISPR-Cas9 was used to generate TAP-tagged 14-3-3ζ-expressing 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Using these cells, we examined if the 14-3-3ζ nuclear interactome is enriched with adipogenic regulators during differentiation. Regulators of chromatin remodeling, such as DNMT1 and HDAC1, were enriched in the nuclear interactome of 14-3-3ζ, and their activities were impacted upon 14-3-3ζ depletion. The interactions between 14-3-3ζ and chromatin-modifying enzymes suggested that 14-3-3ζ may control chromatin remodeling during adipogenesis, and this was confirmed by ATAC-seq, which revealed that 14-3-3ζ depletion impacted the accessibility of up to 1,244 chromatin regions corresponding in part to adipogenic genes, promoters, and enhancers during the initial stages of adipogenesis. Moreover, 14-3-3ζ-dependent chromatin accessibility was found to directly correlate with the expression of key adipogenic genes. Altogether, our study establishes 14-3-3ζ as a crucial epigenetic regulator of adipogenesis and highlights the usefulness of deciphering the nuclear 14-3-3ζ interactome to identify novel pro-adipogenic factors and pathways.
Comparative transcriptome of normal and cancer-associated fibroblasts
Authors: Abikar Apoorva , Mustafa Mohammad Mehaboob Subhani , Athalye Radhika Rajiv , Nadig Namratha , Tamboli Ninad , Babu Vinod , Keshavamurthy Ramaiah , Ranganathan Prathibha 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe characteristics of a tumor are largely determined by its interaction with the surrounding micro-environment (TME). TME consists of both cellular and non-cellular components. Cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a major component of the TME. They are a source of many secreted factors that influence the survival and progression of tumors as well as their response to drugs. Identification of markers either overexpressed in CAFs or unique to CAFs would pave the way for novel therapeutic strategies that would combine conventional chemotherapy and TME-targeted therapy for a better outcome. We have used fibroblast derived from Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer to perform a transcriptome analysis in order to get a comparative profile of normal and cancer-associated fibroblasts. This has identified 818 differentially expressed mRNAs and 17 lincRNAs between normal and cancer-associated fibroblasts.
Deciphering a beetle clock: individual and sex-dependent variation in daily activity patterns
Authors: R Reshma , Prüser Tobias , Schulz Nora K. E. , Mayer Paula M. F. , Ogueta Maite , Stanewsky Ralf , Kurtz Joachim 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCircadian clocks are inherent to most organisms, including cryptozoic animals that seldom encounter direct light, and regulate their daily activity cycles. A conserved suite of clock genes underpins these rhythms. In this study, we explore the circadian behaviors of the red flour beetleTribolium castaneum, a significant pest impacting stored grain globally. We report on how daily light and temperature cues synchronize distinct activity patterns in these beetles, characterized by reduced morning activity and increased evening activity, anticipating the respective environmental transitions. Although less robust, rhythmicity in locomotor activity is maintained in constant dark and constant light conditions. Notably, we observed more robust rhythmic behaviors in males than females with individual variations exceeding those previously reported for other insect species. RNA interference targeting theClockgene disrupted locomotor activity rhythms. Our findings demonstrate the existence of a circadian clock and of clock-controlled behaviors inT. castaneum. Furthermore, they highlight substantial individual differences in circadian activity, laying the groundwork for future research on the relevance of individual variation in circadian rhythms in an ecological and evolutionary context.