bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contactless current measurement for suspended overhead lines using a magnetic field sensor array
Authors: Chen Kun‐Long , Chen Jui‐Hsiang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this study, a long‐distance non‐contact current measurement method is proposed based on the non‐contact sensor array measurement technology, combined with a new current algorithm. The sensor array is a vertical array composed of three three‐axis magnetic field (MF) sensors that is placed on the ground plane below the measured overhead line. The proposed current algorithm can optimize the geometry of the overhead line using the spatial MF values measured by the sensor array and then the three‐phase currents can be calculated. To improve the accuracy of current measurement, the spatial MF model in the algorithm considers the influence of cable sag. It enables a more accurate coupling matrix between the measured overhead line and the sensor array to be established. Additionally, the current algorithm architecture is designed using a composite algorithm to more optimally obtain the best three‐phase current values. A scale‐down overhead‐line measurement system is developed to test the proposed current measurement method. The results show whether a cable sag exists when the three‐phase currents are approximately balanced, with errors less than 2.0%. Moreover, it can be determined whether cable sag exists when the three‐phase currents are unbalanced, with less than 3.4% errors.
The impact of AGN X-ray selection on the AGN halo occupation distribution
Authors: Powell M. C. , Krumpe M. , Coil A. , Miyaji T. 
Published: March 2024

Aims. The connection between active galactic nuclei (AGN) and their host dark matter halos provides powerful insights into how supermassive black holes (SMBHs) grow and coevolve with their host galaxies. Here we investigate the impact of observational AGN selection on the AGN halo occupation distribution (HOD) by forward-modeling AGN activity into cosmological N-body simulations.
Methods. By assuming straightforward relationships between the SMBH mass, galaxy mass, and (sub)halo mass, as well as a uniform broken power law distribution of Eddington ratios, we find that luminosity-limited AGN samples result in biased HOD shapes.
Results. While AGN defined by an Eddington ratio threshold produce AGN fractions that are flat across halo mass (unbiased by definition), luminosity-limited AGN fractions peak around galaxy-group-sized halo masses and then decrease with increasing halo mass. With higher luminosities, the rise of the AGN fraction starts at higher halo masses, the peak is shifted towards higher halo masses, and the decline at higher halo masses is more rapid. These results are consistent with recent HOD constraints from AGN clustering measurements, which find (1) characteristic halo mass scales of log MVir ∼ 12–13 [h−1 M⊙] and (2) a shallower rise of the number of satellite AGN with increasing halo mass than for the overall galaxy population. Thus the observational biases due to AGN selection can naturally explain the constant, characteristic halo mass scale inferred from large-scale AGN clustering amplitudes over a range of redshifts, as well as the measured inconsistencies between AGN and galaxy HODs.
Conclusions. We conclude that AGN selection biases can have significant impacts on the inferred AGN HOD, and can therefore lead to possible misinterpretations of how AGN populate dark matter halos and the AGN-host galaxy connection.
Rettungswissenschaft und Rettungsmedizin: Forschungsfeld „Außerklinische Notfall-Therapie“ für ein erweitertes Modell Rettungswissenschaft
Authors: Prescher Thomas , Eßer Bernhard 
Published: March 2024

ZusammenfassungDieser Beitrag untersucht die aktuellen Spannungen und Abgrenzungen im Diskurs der Disziplinbildung zwischen der „neuen“ Rettungswissenschaft und der Notfall- bzw. Rettungsmedizin.Eine interdisziplinäre Analyse des Rettungswissenschaftsmodells nach Prescher et al. (2023), insbesondere in Bezug auf seine Begründung und die Einbindung medizinischer Perspektiven.Es wird eine integrative Perspektive vorgeschlagen, die entlang des zentralen Forschungsgegenstandes Rettung und Notfallversorgung die Notfall- und Rettungsmedizin als notwendigen bezugswissenschaftlicher Bestandteil der Disziplinbildung aufgreift.Für eine holistische Entwicklung der Rettungswissenschaft fördert die Etablierung des Forschungsfeldes „Außerklinische Notfall-Therapie“ eine konsistente, patientenorientierte Forschung im Bereich prä- und außerklinischer Notfallversorgung und bildet damit die Brücke zur Bezugswissenschaft Notfall- und Rettungsmedizin.
Three-Dimensional Analysis of Polyaxial Volar Locking Plate Position for Distal Radius Fracture
Authors: Eda Yusuke , Kohyama Sho , Ikumi Akira , Ishii Tomoo , Yamazaki Masashi , Yoshii Yuichi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background To avoid screw penetration into the joint when using the polyaxial volar locking plate (VLP) for osteosynthesis of distal radius fractures, it is important to note that the optimal screw insertion angles depending on the plate positions.
Purpose The purpose of this study was 2-fold: first, to evaluate the differences of the most distal plate position where the screw does not penetrate into the joint in the three-dimensional (3D) radius models; second, to evaluate the relationship between the plate position and the transverse diameter of the distal radius.
Patients and Methods Thirty plain X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans of healthy wrists were evaluated. The transverse diameter was measured on plain X-rays. 3D radius models were reconstructed from CT data. A 3D image of polyaxial VLP was used to investigate the most distal plate position at three different screw insertion angles. The linear distance between the volar articular edge and the plate edge was measured and compared among different screw insertion angles. The correlations between the plate positions and the transverse diameter were also evaluated. In addition, the relationship between the most distal screw place and articular surface was confirmed with one case of distal radius fracture.
Results The optimal positions relative to the neutral were 2.7 mm proximal in the distal swing and 1.9 mm distal in the proximal swing. The linear distance was significantly correlated with the transverse diameter in each group. It was confirmed that the relationship between the most distal screw place and articular surface was applicable in the actual case.
Conclusion The results showed that the most distal position of the polyaxial VLP differed depending on the screw insertion angle and became more proximal as the transverse diameter increased. These results may be useful as a reference for preoperative planning.
Levels of Evidence III.
Low Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index Predicts Early Complications following Distal Radius Fracture Open Reduction Internal Fixation
Authors: Liu Steven H. , Cerri-Droz Patricia , Loyst Rachel A. , Warheit Zachary , Komatsu David E. , Wang Edward D. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background While previous studies have investigated the association between the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) and functional outcomes following distal radius fracture (DRF), no large-scale studies have investigated the associations between GNRI and postoperative outcomes following DRFs.
Objectives The purpose of this study is to investigate the association between GNRI, a simple multifaceted measure of malnutrition risk, and 30-day postoperative complications following DRF open reduction internal fixation (ORIF).
Materials and Methods The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database was queried for patients who underwent DRF ORIF from 2015 to 2021. Patients were organized into three groups based on preoperative GNRI: normal/reference (GNRI > 98), moderate malnutrition (92 ≤ GNRI ≤ 98), and severe malnutrition (GNRI < 92). Logistic regression analysis was conducted to investigate the relationship between preoperative GNRI and postoperative complications.
Results Severe malnutrition was independently associated with a greater likelihood of any complication (odds ratio [OR]: 3.22, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.48–4.17; p < 0.001), sepsis (OR: 15.41, 95% CI: 1.66–143.32; p = 0.016), cardiac arrest or myocardial infarction (OR: 20.58, 95% CI: 1.62–261.26; p = 0.020), pulmonary embolism (OR: 9.40, 95% CI: 1.76–50.11; p = 0.009), surgical site infection (OR: 7.73, 95% CI: 1.99–30.02; p = 0.003), nonhome discharge (OR: 2.55, 95% CI: 1.87–3.49; p < 0.001), readmission (OR: 2.47, 95% CI: 1.47–4.14; p < 0.001), and length of stay > 2 days (OR: 3.51, 95% CI: 2.67–4.62; p < 0.001).
Conclusions Malnutrition is an independent significant predictor of early complications following DRF ORIF.
Level of Evidence Level III; retrospective cohort comparison; prognosis study.
The effects of knowledge management processes on service sector performance: evidence from Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alharbi Ghadah Lafi , Aloud Monira Essa 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study examines the effect of Knowledge Management (KM) processes on organizational performance in Saudi Arabian service organizations. It focuses on knowledge creation, capture, sharing, and application, and examines their effects on quality, operational, and innovation performance. While the service sector can enhance operational efficiencies through effective KM implementation, the extent of this impact, particularly in terms of quality and operational performance in developing countries like Saudi Arabia, remains underexplored. The study uses a quantitative methodology, obtaining 605 valid responses from Saudi service sector managers through an online self-reported questionnaire. Structural equation modeling validates the research model and tests the hypotheses. Results indicate that knowledge sharing has a nonsignificant effect, while knowledge creation, capture, and application have substantial impacts. Specifically, knowledge application significantly improves operational performance, while knowledge creation influences quality and innovation performance. Organizations are advised to understand their KM processes’ structure to effectively implement and leverage their impact on performance. Emphasizing knowledge sharing through personalized communication channels, employee development opportunities, and effective incentive systems is recommended to sustain engagement and motivation. Furthermore, prioritizing KM tools and technology for seamless knowledge flow across organizational levels and implementing collaborative tools can enhance innovative capabilities, adaptability, and competitive advantages.
Scanning quantum correlation microscopy with few emitters
Authors: Vasquez-Lozano Jaret J , Li Shuo , Greentree Andrew D 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Optical superresolution microscopy is an important field, where nonlinear optical processes or prior information is used to defeat the classical diffraction limit of light. Quantum correlation microscopy uses photon arrival statistics from single photon emitters to aid in the determination of properties including the number of emitters and their relative brightness. Here we model quantum correlation microscopy in the few emitter regime, i.e. around four single photon emitters below the diffraction limit. We use the Akaike Information Criterion to determine the number of emitters and we vary the relative contributions of intensity to quantum correlation information to determine contribution that provides optimal imaging. Our results show diffraction unlimited performance and a change in localisation scaling behaviour dependent on emitter closeness.
Optomechanically induced transparency in a hybrid system containing two-level atomic ensemble and optical parametric amplifier
Authors: Yu Gongtao , Pan Guixia 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We investigate the physical properties of multiple optomechanically induced transparency in a system. The system consists of two charged mechanical resonators and an optical cavity. An optical parametric amplifier (OPA) and a two-level atom ensemble are filled into the optical cavity. Some physical phenomena appear in the system driven by the probe field and the pump field. The width of transparent windows can be manipulated by the coupling strengths of the system. Specifically, the width of the transparency window increases with an increase in the parametric gain of the optical parametric amplifier (OPA). Furthermore, the number of transparent windows and the location of transparent points are also affected by the system parameters. The presence of two-level atomic ensemble causes the double transparent windows to be split three transparent windows. The Coulomb coupling between the two charged mechanical resonators causes the transparent points to move. Our approach provides a great flexibility for manipulating multiple induced transparency. It is helpful to study the quantum properties of nonlinear optical systems.
Multiple scales method for analyzing a forced damped rotational pendulum oscillator with gallows
Authors: Alyousef Haifa A , Salas Alvaro H , Alotaibi B M , El-Tantawy S A 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This study reports the analytical solution for a generalized rotational pendulum system with gallows and periodic excited forces. The multiple scales method (MSM) is applied to solve the proposed problem. Several types of rotational pendulum oscillators are studied and talked about in detail. These include the forced damped rotating pendulum oscillator with gallows, the damped standard simple pendulum oscillator, and the damped rotating pendulum oscillator without gallows. The MSM first-order approximations for all the cases mentioned are derived in detail. The obtained results are illustrated with concrete numerical examples. The first-order MSM approximations are compared to the fourth-order Runge–Kutta (RK4) numerical approximations. Additionally, the maximum error is estimated for the first-order approximations obtained through the MSM, compared to the numerical approximations obtained by the RK4 method. Furthermore, we conducted a comparative analysis of the outcomes obtained by the used method (MSM) and He-MSM to ascertain their respective levels of precision. The proposed method can be applied to analyze many strong nonlinear oscillatory equations.
Axonal stimulation affects the linear summation of single-point perception in three Argus II users
Authors: Hou Yuchen , Nanduri Devyani , Granley Jacob , Weiland James D , Beyeler Michael 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objective. Retinal implants use electrical stimulation to elicit perceived flashes of light (‘phosphenes’). Single-electrode phosphene shape has been shown to vary systematically with stimulus parameters and the retinal location of the stimulating electrode, due to incidental activation of passing nerve fiber bundles. However, this knowledge has yet to be extended to paired-electrode stimulation. Approach. We retrospectively analyzed 3548 phosphene drawings made by three blind participants implanted with an Argus II Retinal Prosthesis. Phosphene shape (characterized by area, perimeter, major and minor axis length) and number of perceived phosphenes were averaged across trials and correlated with the corresponding single-electrode parameters. In addition, the number of phosphenes was correlated with stimulus amplitude and neuroanatomical parameters: electrode-retina and electrode-fovea distance as well as the electrode-electrode distance to (‘between-axon’) and along axon bundles (‘along-axon’). Statistical analyses were conducted using linear regression and partial correlation analysis. Main results. Simple regression revealed that each paired-electrode shape descriptor could be predicted by the sum of the two corresponding single-electrode shape descriptors (p < .001). Multiple regression revealed that paired-electrode phosphene shape was primarily predicted by stimulus amplitude and electrode-fovea distance (p < .05). Interestingly, the number of elicited phosphenes tended to increase with between-axon distance (p < .05), but not with along-axon distance, in two out of three participants. Significance. The shape of phosphenes elicited by paired-electrode stimulation was well predicted by the shape of their corresponding single-electrode phosphenes, suggesting that two-point perception can be expressed as the linear summation of single-point perception. The impact of the between-axon distance on the perceived number of phosphenes provides further evidence in support of the axon map model for epiretinal stimulation. These findings contribute to the growing literature on phosphene perception and have important implications for the design of future retinal prostheses.
Neural network approximation in the Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick model
Authors: Mishev Stoyan , Savova Margarita 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this paper we approximate the wave function of the Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick (LMG) model by a simple feed-forward neural network. By using the NetKet toolkit we obtain the ground state energies of LMG systems with different interaction strengths and find out that they are very close to the exact values.
Exploring the potential for nitrogen fertilizer use mitigation with bundles of management interventions
Authors: Folberth Christian , Wood Stephen A , Wironen Michael , Jung Martin , Boucher Timothy M , Bossio Deborah , Obersteiner Michael 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Mineral nitrogen (N) fertilizer use is essential to maintain high-yielding cropping systems that presently provide food for nearly half of humanity. Simultaneously, it causes a range of detrimental impacts such as greenhouse gas emissions, eutrophication, and contamination of drinking water. There is growing recognition of the need to balance crop production with the impacts of fertilizer use. Here we provide a global assessment of the potential to reduce mineral fertilizer use through four interventions: capping surpluses, enhancing manure cycling to cropland, cultivation of off-season green manures, and cycling of human excreted N to cropland. We find that the combined potential of these interventions is a reduction in global N fertilizer use by 21%–52%. The availability of interventions is spatially heterogeneous with most cropland having three to four interventions available with alternative N sources tending to be more abundant on cropland already receiving fertilizer. Our assessment highlights that these locally in part already practiced interventions bear great opportunities to mitigate synthetic N use and dependency globally. Yet, their limited adoption underpins the need for cross-sectoral policies to overcome barriers to their implementation and agronomic research on their robust scaling.
Global expansion of wildland-urban interface (WUI) and WUI fires: insights from a multiyear worldwide unified database (WUWUI)
Authors: Tang Wenfu , He Cenlin , Emmons Louisa , Zhang Junzhe 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Fires in the wildland-urban interface (WUI) are an important issue globally. To understand the change of WUI, we develop a 9 km worldwide unified wildland-urban interface database for 2001–2020 with Random Forest models and satellite data. We find that WUI has been increasing in all populated continents from 2001 to 2020 and the global relative increase is 24%, with the largest relative increase (∼59%) over Africa. Global total fire counts decrease by 10% from 2005 to 2020, whereas the WUI fraction of fire counts increases by 23%. The global total burned area decreases by 22% from 2005 to 2020, whereas the WUI fraction of burned area increases by 35%. These are mainly due to the expansion of WUI area. On all the populated continents, the WUI fractions of fire counts are higher than the WUI fractions of burned area, implying that WUI fires tend to have smaller sizes than wildland fires. We also project future WUI changes for the years 2030 and 2040, together with the projection of future fire burned area under different shared socioeconomic pathways (SSP) scenarios in the Community Earth System Model version 2 (CESM2). The projected global WUI fraction (excluding Antarctica and the oceans) is 5.9% in 2040 compared to 4.8% in 2020. The global WUI fraction of burned area is projected to increase from now to 2040 under most scenarios analyzed in this study, unless the WUI area stays at the 2020 level together with the projected burned area under SSP4-4.5. This study is a first step to understanding the changes of WUI fires at the global scale and demonstrates a growing importance of WUI fires. The global multi-year WUI and WUI fire datasets developed in this study can facilitate future work quantifying the impacts of WUI fires on air quality and climate.
Maximally entangled real states and SLOCC invariants: the 3-qutrit case
Authors: Jaffali Hamza , Holweck Frédéric , Oeding Luke 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The absolute values of polynomial SLOCC invariants (which always vanish on separable states) can be seen as entanglement measures. We study the case of real 3-qutrit systems and discover a new set of maximally entangled states (from the point of view of maximizing the hyperdeterminant). We also study the basic fundamental invariants and find real 3-qutrit states that maximize their absolute values. It is notable that the Aharonov state is a simultaneous maximizer for all three fundamental invariants. We also study the evaluation of these invariants on random real 3-qutrit systems and analyze their behavior using histograms and level-set plots. Finally, we show how to evaluate these invariants on any 3-qutrit state using basic matrix operations.
Effects of high-low frequency electromagnetic radiation on vibrational resonance in Hodgkin–Huxley neuronal system
Authors: Wu Kaijun , Li Jiawei 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this paper, based on the Hodgkin–Huxley (H–H) neuron model, the effects of high-low frequency (HLF) electromagnetic radiation on vibrational resonance (VR) in a single neuron is investigated. It is found that VR can be observed in a single H–H neuron model with or without considering HLF electromagnetic radiation. However, HLF electromagnetic radiation can cause changes in the structure of the resonance peaks and make the maximum region and intensity of the response amplitude smaller, which weakens the VR in the neuronal system. This is because the HLF electromagnetic radiation makes the neuronal electrical activities less regular, resulting in weaker synchronization between input low-frequency signal and output firing. In addition, the effects of the system parameters such as the HF electromagnetic radiation amplitude on the Fourier coefficients are investigated, and it is found that these parameters can also cause changes in the number of resonance peaks, resulting in vibrational mono-resonance and vibrational bi-resonances. When the frequency of the HLF electromagnetic radiation is between 0.014 and 0.041, local anti-resonance can be also observed. This has practical significance in reducing some of the unexpected vibration in aerospace engineering and mechanical fields. The HLF electromagnetic radiation plays an important role in weakening the VR of neuronal systems. Therefore, this study could provide new insights to further control the abnormal electrical activities and information transmission of neurons, which can lead to better design and development of therapeutic programs for neurological disorders and neuroplasticity therapies, and advance neuroscience.