bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stretch and interleukin 1 beta: Pro‐labour factors with similar mitogen‐activated protein kinase effects but differential patterns of transcription factor activation and gene expression
Authors: Sooranna S.R. , Engineer N. , Liang Z. , Bennett P.R. , Johnson M.R. ,   Imperial College Parturition Research Group
Published: March 2007

AbstractIL‐1beta and stretch increase uterine smooth muscle cell (USMC) prostaglandin H synthase 2 (PGHS‐2) and interleukin (IL)‐8 mRNA expression in a mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) dependent mechanism. We have tested our hypothesis that stretch and IL‐1beta activate different components of the MAPK cascade in USMC and investigated the effects of specific MAPK inhibitors on these components. Further, we have used a Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 activator, anisomycin, to compare the effect of differential MAPK activation on the expression of PGHS‐2, IL‐8 and oxytocin receptor (OTR) mRNA with that seen in response to stretch and IL‐1beta. Stretch, IL‐1beta and anisomycin activated similar components of the MAPK cascade and specific inhibitors of MAPK altered phosphorylation of MAPK and downstream cascade components as expected. Expression of OTR mRNA was increased by stretch and anisomycin in a MAPK‐independent manner. All three stimuli increased PGHS‐2 and IL‐8 mRNA expression in a MAPK‐dependent manner, but while the MAPK inhibitors reduced the IL‐1beta‐induced activation of activating transcription factor (ATF)‐2, liver activating protein (LAP) and c‐jun, the stretch‐induced increase in LAP was unaffected by MAPK‐inhibition and only JNK inhibition appeared to reduce c‐jun activation. These observations show that stretch, IL‐1beta and anisomycin activate the same components of the MAPK cascade, but differentially activate LAP and liver inhibitory protein (LIP) perhaps accounting for the increase in OTR by stretch and anisomycin but not IL‐1beta observed in this study. J. Cell. Physiol. 212: 195–206, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
EGF‐R regulates MMP function in fibroblasts through MAPK and AP‐1 pathways
Authors: Kajanne Risto , Miettinen Päivi , Mehlem Annika , Leivonen Suvi‐Katri , Birrer Michael , Foschi Marco , Kähäri Veli‐Matti , Leppä Sirpa 
Published: March 2007

AbstractEGF‐R regulates cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in fibroblasts. However, the connection of EGF‐R with downstream signaling pathways mediating these responses has remained elusive. Here we provide genetic and biochemical evidence that EGF‐R‐ and AP‐1‐mediated signals are required for MMP expression and collagen contraction in fibroblasts. In EGF‐R (−/−) mouse embryonal fibroblasts, basal and inducible expression of several MMPs, including MMP‐2, ‐3, and ‐14 is impaired in comparison to wild‐type counterparts. The loss of MMP expression is associated with a suppression of EGF‐induced Erk and Jnk activities, and AP‐1 DNA‐binding and transactivation capacities. While inhibition of Jnk mainly prevents EGF‐induced phosphorylation of c‐Jun, inhibition of Erk pathway suppresses both the expression and phosphorylation of c‐Jun and c‐Fos proteins. Moreover, the expression of MMP‐3 and ‐14, and collagen contraction is partially prevented by Mek/Erk and Jnk inhibitors. However, Jnk inhibitor also suppresses cell growth independently of EGF‐R activity. The central role of AP‐1 as a mediator of EGF‐R signaling in fibroblasts is emphasized by the finding that expression of a dominant negative c‐Jun downregulates the expression of MMP‐3. Conversely, expression of a constitutively active Mek1 can induce MMP‐3 expression independently of upstream signals. The results indicate that ERK pathway and AP‐1 are downstream effectors of the EGF‐R‐mediated MMP‐3 expression and collagen contraction in fibroblasts. J. Cell. Physiol. 212: 489–497, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Acute L‐glutamine deprivation compromises VEGF‐a upregulation in A549/8 human carcinoma cells
Authors: Drogat Benjamin , Bouchecareilh Marion , North Sophie , Petibois Cyril , Déléris Gérard , Chevet Eric , Bikfalvi Andréas , Moenner Michel 
Published: March 2007

AbstractTumor ischemia participates in angiogenesis and cancer progression through cellular responses to hypoxia and nutrient deprivation. However, the contribution of amino acids limitation to this process remains poorly understood. Using serum‐free cell culture conditions, we tested the impact of L‐glutamine deprivation on metabolic and angiogenic responses in A549/8 carcinoma cells. In these cells, lowering glutamine concentration modified the cell cycle distribution and significantly induced apoptosis/necrosis. Although glutamine deprivation led to a HIF‐independent increase in VEGF‐A mRNA, the corresponding protein level remained low and correlated with the inhibition of protein synthesis and activation of the GCN2/eIF2α pathway. Limitation of glutamine availability also hampers hypoxia‐ and hypoglycemia‐induced VEGF‐A protein upregulation. Thus, glutamine deprivation may have no direct effect on VEGF‐dependent angiogenesis, compared to hypoxia or to glucose deprivation, and may instead be detrimental to cancer progression by antagonizing ischemia‐induced stresses. J. Cell. Physiol. 212: 463–472, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dynamic MRI for imaging tumor microvasculature: Comparison of susceptibility and relaxivity techniques in pelvic tumors
Authors: Lankester Katharine J. , Taylor Jane N. , Stirling James J. , Boxall Jane , d'Arcy James A. , Collins David J. , Walker‐Samuel Simon , Leach Martin O. , Rustin Gordon J.S. , Padhani Anwar R. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractPurposeTo assess the reproducibility of intrinsic relaxivity and both relaxivity‐ and susceptibility‐based dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) MRI in pelvic tumors; to correlate kinetic parameters obtained and to assess whether acute antivascular effects are seen in response to cisplatin‐ or taxane‐based chemotherapy.Materials and MethodsT1‐weighted and T2*‐weighted DCE‐MRI and basal R2* measurements were performed on three consecutive days in women with gynecological tumors. The third scan was 21.0 (range 17.3–23.5) hours after the first cycle of chemotherapy. Kinetic parameter estimates were obtained and correlated between techniques. Test‐retest reproducibility and response to treatment were assessed.ResultsRelative blood volume (rBV) and relative blood flow (rBF) correlated strongly with transfer constant (Ktrans), kep, and the initial area under the gadopentetate dimeglumine (Gd‐DTPA) concentration‐time curve (IAUGC) (all P < 0.01). The group 95% confidence interval (CI) for change was –10.8 to +12.1%; ±5.1%; –9.5 to +10.5%; ±7.5%; for Ktrans, ve, kep, and IAUGC, respectively, and ±13.6%, ±2.4%, ±11.6%, and ±11.0%, for rBV, mean transit time (MTT), rBF, and R2*, respectively. There were no significant acute changes in kinetic parameter estimates in response to treatment on group analysis, apart from a small decrease in ve.ConclusionThe results confirm the dominant influence of flow on Ktrans in untreated gynecological tumors. There is no evidence of an acute, large magnitude antivascular effect caused by cisplatin‐ or taxane‐based chemotherapy. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Electrothermal compact model of CoolSET voltage regulators for SPICE
Authors: Górecki Krzysztof 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThis paper concerns the problem of modelling CoolSET voltage regulators with self‐heating taken into account. The limits of the model of this class of regulators developed by Infineon Technologies AG were analysed. A new electrothermal model of CoolSET regulators designed to analyse transient in the SPICE software was proposed. The correctness of the elaborated model was verified on the example of boost and flyback converters. A good agreement of the measurement and calculation results carried out with the use of a new model was achieved. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A decoy oligonucleotide inhibiting nuclear factor‐κB binding to the IgGκB consensus site reduces cerebral injury and apoptosis in neonatal hypoxic‐ischemic encephalopathy
Authors: Fabian Roderic H. , Perez‐Polo J. Regino , Kent Thomas A. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractWe examined the effect of treatment with intraventricular injection of a decoy oligonucleotide that binds and inhibits nuclear factor‐κB on cytokine expression, ICAM‐1 expression, neutrophil recruitment, apoptosis, and tissue injury in a model of neonatal hypoxic‐ischemic cerebral injury with varying degrees of hypoxia. We found a reduction of interleukin‐1β, tumor necrosis factor‐α, soluble ICAM‐1, neutrophil counts, and activity after 2 hr of hypoxia, but not with 90 min of hypoxia. By contrast, a significant reduction of apoptosis was seen in animals treated after 90 min of hypoxia but not in those treated after 2 hr of hypoxia. Overall evidence of an inflammatory response was sparse, with low levels of ICAM‐1 expression and neutrophil recruitment even in the more severe hypoxic ischemic injury. It is likely that the decoy oligonucleotide affects cerebral injury and apoptosis not through suppression of downstream elements of the inflammatory response but through other mechanisms, one of which is the reduction of transcription and synthesis of cytokines, which are known to affect other responses to cellular injury. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Multiple mechanisms that prevent excessive brain inflammation
Authors: Yang Myung‐Soon , Min Kyoung‐Jin , Joe Eunhye 
Published: March 2007

AbstractInflammation of the injured brain has a double‐edged effect. Inflammation protects the brain from infection, but it aggravates injury. Furthermore, brain inflammation is considered a risk factor for neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Emerging evidence supports the activation of negative regulatory mechanisms during this process to prevent prolonged and extensive inflammation. The inflammatory stimulators themselves or products of inflammatory cells may induce the expression of negative feedback regulators, such as suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS)‐family proteins, antioxidant enzymes, and antiinflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, death of activated microglia (major inflammatory cells in the brain) may regulate brain inflammation. Astrocytes, the most abundant cells in the brain, may also act in preventing microglial overactivation. Therefore, we propose that the extent and duration of brain inflammation is tightly regulated through the cooperation of multiple mechanisms to maximize antipathogenic effects and minimize tissue damage. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Luminescence chronology of late Holocene extreme hydrological events in the upper Penner River basin, South India
Authors: Thomas Puthusserry J. , Juyal Navin , Kale Vishwas S. , Singhvi Ashok K. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractField stratigraphy, sedimentology and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating have been used to reconstruct the southwest monsoon variability in the semi‐arid region of southern India during the late Holocene. Facies architecture and OSL dating of the water‐lain sediment suggest prevalence of a weak hydrological regime around 3 ka. Following this, a progressive strengthening of monsoon occurred till 2 ka. After 2 ka and until 1 ka fluvial activity was nearly dormant, indicating weakening of the monsoon. Presence of high‐magnitude flood deposits, overbank sedimentation and pedogenesis during 1–0.6 ka indicate intensification of the southwest monsoon in the basin. The onset of aridity was associated with episodic storm surge events that are manifested in the pond sedimentation and localised aeolian accretion. This phase is bracketed between 0.5 ka and 0.2 ka. A renewed phase of monsoonal activity was observed in the form of floodplain aggradation between 180 and 90 years ago. In the past 70 years no significant change in the monsoon performance has been observed. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
High performance liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis in the analysis of soybean proteins and peptides in foodstuffs
Authors: Saz José María , Marina María Luisa 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe increasing interest in functional and healthy food products has promoted the use of soybean in the manufacture of foods for human consumption. Soybean basic products (soybeans, textured soybean, soybean flour, soybean protein concentrate and soybean protein isolate) as well as soybean derivatives (soybean dairy‐like products, soybean drinks with fruits, meat analogues, etc.) are commercially available. In addition, due to the interesting nutritional and functional properties of soybean proteins, they are usually employed as ingredient in the elaboration of a large number of food products such as bakery or meat products among others. In spite of the good characteristics of soybean proteins, their addition to some products is forbidden or allowed up to a certain limit. Therefore, analytical methodologies to achieve the determination of soybean proteins in foods are necessary in order to make possible adequate quality control and to prove that legal regulations controlling their addition are accomplished. However, this is not an easy task due to the diversity and complexity of the food matrices and the technological treatments to which some of these foods are submitted during their elaboration. This article presents for the first time a comprehensive review on the analytical methodologies developed using HPLC and CE to characterize soybeans and to analyse soybean proteins in meals. Moreover, the use of HPLC and CE in the characterization of soybean protein fractions and their hydrolyzates, and a study of their relationships to nutritional, functional and biomedical properties are included. Finally, the application of proteomic methodologies in soybean food technology is also reviewed.
Survival theory: tourist consumption as a beneficial experiential process in a limited risk setting
Authors: McIntyre Charles 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThis body of research developed over a number of individual but linked studies, predominantly carried out in the Bournemouth environs in the South Coast of England as well as on the islands of the Isle of Wight and Guernsey. The focus of these studies has been to examine the process, meaning and sought outcomes of the consumption process of individuals while on holiday. The relationship of non‐everyday setting and increased desire for interpersonal and intrapersonal significance within holiday consumption experiences are shown to be pivotal in generating a perceived developmental event for the consumer away from the routine of everyday living. An explanation for this is considered within risk‐based consumer models as well as within humanist developmental and post‐modern identity/experience choice orientations. Within holiday consumption there was found to be a high proclivity to discover, learn and reflect on the developing self, and close social unit (as well as social interactions in general) while on holiday within a non‐everyday cultural experience; with inherent alteration of consumer behaviour when in the holiday ‘state of mind’. The generally more affective, rather than cognitive, basis of tourist retail consumption is considered relating to the ‘risky’ nature of individual learning and socialisation processes and consumption behaviour within the limited risk environment of a holiday setting. In further considering risk‐based models of adventure holiday consumption, the herein proposed Survival Theory of tourist consumption offers a more general beneficial human development role (individual and social) for most tourist interactions which contrasts with much tourist literature (and popular cultural beliefs) which assumes tourism to be a selfish, destructive or harmful process within the sphere of human behaviour. Differentially across the sample, a tentative typology of tourist consumers is also proposed, with some reference to potential life‐stage association and applications to experiential‐based marketing of holidays to various consumer groups. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Preparation of Nylon 6 Nanoparticles and Nanocapsules by Two Novel Miniemulsion/Solvent Displacement Hybrid Techniques
Authors: Crespy Daniel , Landfester Katharina 
Published: March 2007

AbstractNylon 6 (polyamide 6) nanoparticles dispersed in an aqueous phase and nylon 6 nanocapsules dispersed in cyclohexane were successfully prepared via two rapid and facile techniques. These techniques combine some characteristics of the miniemulsion and the solvent displacement techniques. The principle of the first technique consists of adding nylon 6 dissolved in formic acid to an aqueous phase containing poly(vinyl alcohol) as stabilizer, while ultrasonicating the aqueous phase in order to obtain stable nanoparticles. The stability of these particles was studied over a wide range of reaction parameters, such as the temperature, the nature and concentration of the chemicals, the time and amplitude of ultrasonication. TEM micrographs of the unmodified particles revealed a morphology where the nylon 6 particles are completely wrapped by the poly(vinyl alcohol). After removal of the poly(vinyl alcohol), the nylon 6 particles were found to have a bumpy or rough morphology. The second technique allows the preparation of particles by miniemulsifying the disperse phase, a solution of nylon 6 in formic acid, in cyclohexane. Then methanol is added to the miniemulsion which immediately reacts with the formic acid. The product of the reaction, methyl formate, is evaporated and the water replaces the formic acid in the droplets, thus allowing the precipitation of the nylon 6 at the interface of the droplets resulting in the formation of nanocapsules.magnified image
Quantitative determination of podophyllotoxin and related compounds in podophyllum species by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography
Authors: Bastos Jairo K. , Kopycki Wlodzimierz J. , Burandt Charles L. , Nanayakkara N. P. Dhammika , McChesney James D. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA rapid sensitive and reliable reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography method was developed using a Taxsilr̀ column and gradient elution for the routine determination of podophyllotoxin and six related compounds, epipodophyllotoxin, α‐peltatin, β‐peltatin, 4′‐demethylpodophyllotoxin, podophyllotoxin‐4‐O‐glycoside, and 1,2,3,4‐dehydrodesoxypodophyllotoxin in Podophyllum extracts. The elaborated method gave well resolved peaks for these compounds with good detection response and linearity in the range 25–450 ng.
Simultaneous determination of phenolics and alkaloids using ion exchange chromatography for sample preparation
Authors: Van Rensen Irmgard , Veit Markus 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA method of sample preparation using strong cation exchange solid phase extraction is described which enables the separation of phenolics and quinolizidine alkaloids in methanolic extracts of Genista species. The method has been used for determination of both groups of compounds with only one extraction step. The phenolics, flavonoids and isoflavonoids were analysed quantitatively by high performance liquid chromatography, avoiding UV absorbing alkaloids disturbing the detection of phenolics. At the same time the fingerprint patterns of the alkaloids could be obtained by gas liquid chromatography. Considering alkaloid, flavonoid and isoflavonoid patterns together, more detailed chemotaxonomic studies are possible and only small quantities of plant material are required.
Quantitation of the pinocembrin content of propolis by densitometry and high performance liquid chromatography
Authors: Houghton P. J. , Woldemariam T. Z. , Davey W. , Basar A. , Lau Clara 
Published: March 2007

AbstractPinocembrin was identified as the major compound responsible for the growth inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus displayed by samples of propolis. The pinocembrin content of samples of propolis was determined by two chromatographic techniques, densitometry and high performance liquid chromatography. In both techniquess the pinocembrin content was assessed using internal standards. The pinocembrin content of samples of propolis from different temperate geographical areas was found to be in the range 4.0 to 4.6% w/w.
High‐performance liquid chromatographic analysis of tetrahydro‐β‐carbolines in food plants
Authors: Tsuchiya Hironori , Yamada Kuniaki , Kato Hirotsugu , Hayashi Hideaki , Miyazaki Takashi , Hayashi Tokishi 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA high‐performance liquid Chromatographic method is reported for the unambiguous determination of the amount of tetrahydro‐β‐carbolines in food plants. In the method, plant homogenates, together with an internal standard, were first reacted with fluorescamine, serially extracted, and then subjected to reversed‐phase ion‐pair chromatography with fluorometric detection. The pre‐treatment inhibited the artefactual formation of tetrahydro‐β‐carbolines during analysis by removing the precursor tryptamine from the analytical system. Only the original 1,2,3,4‐tetrahydro‐β‐carboline and 1‐methyl‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydro‐β‐carboline in food plants could be quantitatively determined in the concentrations of 0.1—50.0 ng/mL of homogenate. The recovery was almost 100% from all the tested plants, and the relative standard deviation was less than 8.4% within and between assays. Application of the proposed method has revealed that tomato, banana, pineapple, kiwi, plum and prune contain both tetrahydro‐β‐carbolines at ng to μg/g levels, and that their contents depend on the ripening process.
Reconfirmation of the structure of (+)‐retamine from Lygos raetam Var. sarcocarpa by X‐ray analysis
Authors: Abdel‐Halim Osama B. , Sekine Toshikazu , Halim Ahmed F. , Abdel‐Fattah Hosny , Saito Kazuki , Ogata Koreharu , Murakoshi Isamu 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe structure of (+)‐retamine (1), which has been isolated from the aerial part of Lygos raetam var. sarcocarpa, has been reconfirmed by spectroscopic methods including two‐dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and x‐ray analysis to be (+)‐12 α‐hydroxysparteine. The configuration of the hydroxyl group at the position 12 in (+)‐retamine and the intermolecular hydrogen bond in the crystal structure of (+)‐retamine have been established.
Synthesis of chromo‐ and fluorogenic poly(ortho‐diaminophenylene) chemosensors for fluoride anion
Authors: Kim Hyung Jun , Lee Jung hyo , Kim Tae Hoon , Lyoo Won Seok , Kim Dong Wook , Lee Changjin , Lee Taek Seung 
Published: March 2007

AbstractTwo new poly(ortho‐diaminophenylene) derivatives containing fluorene and/or quinoxaline moieties per repeat unit in the main chain were synthesized via Suzuki coupling reaction followed by reduction process. The synthesized polymers were characterized and explored as colorimetric and fluorometric anion‐sensing materials. The polymers in dilute tetrahydrofuran (THF) solution emitted green light (about 530 nm) in their precursor benzothiadiazole forms and blue to green light (477–523 nm) in their reduced forms. The color of polymer solution was dramatically altered upon addition of fluoride anion without noticeable absorption change in UV–vis spectrum. The fluorescence was ratiometrically quenched with a linear relationship between fluorescence intensity and fluoride anion concentration implying static quenching mechanism could be applied judging from the maintenance of constant fluorescence lifetime with variable fluoride anion concentration. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 1546–1556, 2007