bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of Lentivirus‐Based Method for Establishing TK6 Human Cell Lines Expressing Cytochrome P450 and its Applications in Genotoxicity Testing
Authors: Li Xilin , Chen Si , He Xiaobo , Wu Qiangen , Guo Lei , Mei Nan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe human lymphoblastoid cell line TK6 stands out as the most widely employed human cell line in genotoxicity testing, as recommended by various testing guidelines for in vitro assessments. Nevertheless, like many testing cell lines, TK6 lacks functional phase I drug‐metabolizing enzymes crucial for chemical genotoxicity evaluations. This protocol introduces a lentivirus‐based methodology for establishing a panel of TK6‐derived cell lines, each expressing one of 14 cytochrome P450s (CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP1B1, CYP2A6, CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C18, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP2E1, CYP3A4, CYP3A5, and CYP3A7). The utilization of a lentiviral expression system ensures stable transduction, offering notable advantages such as sustained transgene expression, high transduction efficiency, positive selection feasibility, and user‐friendly application. Additionally, we present a detailed procedure for validating the enhanced expression of each CYP in the established cell lines through real‐time PCR, western blotting, and mass spectrometry analysis. Lastly, we exemplify the application of these CYP‐expressing TK6 cell lines in genotoxicity testing, employing a flow‐cytometry‐based in vitro micronucleus test. Published 2024. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.Basic Protocol 1: Lentivirus production and transduction for TK6 cellsSupport Protocol: Selecting a single clone of CYP‐expressing TK6 cellsBasic Protocol 2: Validation of CYP expression in TK6 cell linesBasic Protocol 3: Application of transduced cell lines in flow‐cytometry‐based micronucleus assay
Synthesis of a Hydrophobic Phenanthrene‐Containing Universal Support for Solid‐Phase Oligonucleotide Synthesis
Authors: Fuchi Yasufumi , Shiota Kuria , Hari Yoshiyuki 
Published: March 2024

AbstractUniversal solid supports are widely used in solid‐phase oligonucleotide (ON) synthesis based on phosphoramidite chemistry. Herein, we describe the synthesis of hydrophobic universal linkers, namely phenanthrene ring‐fused 7‐oxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane‐2,3‐diol derivatives (PT linkers), their coupling to solid supports [e.g., controlled pore glass (CPG) and polystyrene (PS)], and the use of the resulting PT‐linker‐modified solid supports in ON synthesis. PT linkers were synthesized in four steps from commercial materials and subsequently attached to CPG and PS resins through succinyl and diethylene glycol‐containing spacers, respectively. Cleavage of the desired ON from the resins was accomplished under standard basic conditions, indicating that the reactivity of the PT linkers was comparable to that of conventional universal linkers. Furthermore, owing to their high hydrophobicity, the desired ON could be readily separated from impurities originating from the PT linker by reversed phase HPLC. © 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Synthesis of phenanthrene ring‐fused 7‐oxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane‐2,3‐diol (PT linker) derivativesBasic Protocol 2: Preparation of PT‐linker‐modified CPG and PS resinsBasic Protocol 3: Solid‐phase ON synthesis using PT‐linker‐modified solid supports and cleavage of ONs from resins
Sustainable Production of Propionic acid and Derivatives on Industrial Scale
Authors: Teles Joaquim Henrique 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPropionic acid is, after acetic, formic and 2‐ethylhexanoic acids, the fourth largest industrially produced carboxylic acid in terms of capacity. In the last decades the technology to produce propionic acid has evolved and more efficient, i. e. more sustainable processes, based on the hydroformylation of ethylene to propionaldehyde and subsequent oxidation with O2 to propionic acid are capturing the growing capacity for this product. For this reason, a perspective is given on developments in sustainable production of propionic acid and derivatives on industrial scale, which is based on a recently published chapter on the same topic in the Ullmann′ Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry.
Ultrafine Ni−MoOx Nanoparticles Anchored on Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Nanosheets: A Highly Efficient Noble‐Metal‐Free Catalyst for Ammonia Borane Hydrolysis
Authors: Liu Weihong , Yao Longhua , Sun Xiongfei , Wang Wei , Feng Gang , Yao Qilu , Zhang Lei , Lu Zhang‐Hui 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe development of low‐cost and high‐efficiency catalysts for the hydrolytic dehydrogenation of ammonia borane (AB, NH3BH3) is still a challenging technology. Herein, ultrafine MoOx‐doped Ni nanoparticles (~3.0 nm) were anchored on g‐C3N4@glucose‐derived nitrogen‐doped carbon nanosheets via a phosphate‐mediated method. The strong adsorption of phosphate‐mediated nitrogen‐doped carbon nanosheets (PNCS) for metal ions is a key factor for the preparation of ultrasmall Ni nanoparticles (NPs). Notably, the alkaline environment formed by the reduction of metal ions removes the phosphate from the PNCS surface to generate P‐free (P)NCS so that the phosphate does not participate in the subsequent catalytic reaction. The synthesized Ni−MoOx/(P)NCS catalysts exhibited outstanding catalytic properties for the hydrolysis of AB, with a high turnover frequency (TOF) value of up to 85.7 min−1, comparable to the most efficient noble‐metal‐free catalysts and commercial Pt/C catalyst ever reported for catalytic hydrogen production from AB hydrolysis. The superior performance of Ni−MoOx/(P)NCS can be ascribed to its well‐dispersed ultrafine metal NPs, abundant surface basic sites, and electron‐rich nickel species induced by strong electronic interactions between Ni−MoOx and (P)NCS. The strategy of combining multiple modification measures adopted in this study provides new insights into the development of economical and high‐efficiency noble‐metal‐free catalysts for energy catalysis applications.
Surface functional group regulation of Ti3C2Tx based on atmospheric pressure cold plasma
Authors: Cui Weisheng , Chen Shuxiao , Duan Jialu , Zhang Ruobing 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe modulation of surface properties of Ti3C2Tx plays a crucial role in its diverse applications across various fields. However, a straightforward and reliable technique for controlling its surface functional groups remains elusive. In this study, we achieved controlled modification of Ti3C2Tx surface functional groups using atmospheric‐pressure cold plasma. We evaluated the plasma generation characteristics and found that the gas parameters could influence the discharge power and lead to different gas temperatures with the same voltage. Spectral analysis confirmed the presence of numerous reactive species in the plasma, facilitating the breaking and recombination of chemical bonds of functional groups on the Ti3C2Tx surface. The interaction between the plasma jet and Ti3C2Tx film revealed that the semiconductor properties of the Ti3C2Tx film limit the plasma diffusion area, while N2 doping and increased gas flow rates respectively reduce and enlarge the coverage area of cold plasma. A brief one‐minute cold plasma treatment induced a slight etching effect on the Ti3C2Tx film surface, effectively altering the ‐O and ‐F functional groups. However, it is noteworthy that excessive cold plasma treatment in the air may result in partial oxidation of Ti3C2Tx, necessitating the use of custom gas environments in further applications. This research provides valuable insights into surface modification techniques for Ti3C2Tx with potential implications in a wide range of applications.
Risk factors and cognitive correlates of white matter hyperintensities in ethnically diverse populations without dementia: The COSMIC consortium
Authors: Lin Keshuo , Wen Wei , Lipnicki Darren M. , Mewton Louise , Chen Rory , Du Jing , Wang Dadong , Skoog Ingmar , Sterner Therese Rydberg , Najar Jenna , Kim Ki Woong , Han Ji Won , Kim Jun Sung , Ng Tze Pin , Ho Roger , Chua Denise Qian Ling , Anstey Kaarin J. , Cherbuin Nicolas , Mortby Moyra E. , Brodaty Henry , Kochan Nicole , Sachdev Perminder S. , Jiang Jiyang ,   for the Cohort Studies of Memory in an International Consortium (COSMIC)
Published: March 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONWhite matter hyperintensities (WMHs) are an important imaging marker for cerebral small vessel diseases, but their risk factors and cognitive associations have not been well documented in populations of different ethnicities and/or from different geographical regions.METHODSWe investigated how WMHs were associated with vascular risk factors and cognition in both Whites and Asians, using data from five population‐based cohorts of non‐demented older individuals from Australia, Singapore, South Korea, and Sweden (N = 1946). WMH volumes (whole brain, periventricular, and deep) were quantified with UBO Detector and harmonized using the ComBat model. We also harmonized various vascular risk factors and scores for global cognition and individual cognitive domains.RESULTSFactors associated with larger whole brain WMH volumes included diabetes, hypertension, stroke, current smoking, body mass index, higher alcohol intake, and insufficient physical activity. Hypertension and stroke had stronger associations with WMH volumes in Whites than in Asians. No associations between WMH volumes and cognitive performance were found after correction for multiple testing.CONCLUSIONThe current study highlights ethnic differences in the contributions of vascular risk factors to WMHs.
Illness duration and treatment outcome of intensive cognitive‐behavioral therapy in adolescents with anorexia nervosa
Authors: Calugi Simona , Dalle Grave Anna , Chimini Mirko , Lorusso Anna , Dalle Grave Riccardo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to compare the effectiveness of an intensive treatment based on enhanced cognitive‐behavioral therapy (CBT‐E) in patients aged between 12 and 18 years with anorexia nervosa with a duration of illness <3 versus ≥3 years.MethodsOne hundred and fifty‐nine consecutively treated patients (n = 122 with illness duration <3 years and n = 37 ≥ 3 years) were enrolled in a 20‐week intensive CBT‐E program. All patients underwent assessment at admission, end of treatment (EOT), and 20‐week follow‐up. The following measures were used: body mass index (BMI)‐for‐age percentile and percentage of expected body weight (EBW), Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire, Brief Symptom Inventory, and Clinical Impairment Assessment.ResultsApproximately 81% of eligible patients began the program, with over 80% successfully completing it. Patients with a longer or shorter duration of illness did not show significantly different treatment outcomes. In detail, BMI‐for‐age percentile and percentage of EBW outcomes were significantly improved from baseline to EOT, remaining stable until 20‐week follow‐up in both groups. Similarly, in both groups, scores for eating disorder psychopathology, general psychopathology, and clinical impairment decreased significantly at EOT and remained stable from EOT to follow‐up. Furthermore, a substantial percentage of adolescents in both groups achieved a good BMI outcome at EOT and 20‐week follow‐up, with approximately 60% maintaining a full response at the latter time point.DiscussionThese findings suggest that intensive CBT‐E appears to be an effective treatment for severely ill adolescent patients with anorexia nervosa, regardless of whether the duration of illness is shorter or longer than 3 years.Public SignificanceExisting treatment outcome studies in adolescents, whether randomized controlled trials or longitudinal investigations, typically involve patients with less than 3 years of illness, while data on the treatment outcomes for adolescents with anorexia nervosa with an illness duration of 3 years or over is very limited. Our findings suggest that adolescents with anorexia nervosa, irrespective of the duration of their illness, can derive similar benefits from intensively CBT‐E.
Assessing the analytical reliability of traditional and novel sampling methods for the study of flower rewards quality
Authors: Pioltelli E. , Guzzetti L. , Copetta A. , Labra M. , Galimberti A. , Guidi Nissim W. , Biella P. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPollinator insects are declining worldwide also due to the alteration of their diet which plays a pivotal role in influencing their health status. Despite interspecific and intraspecific diversity in the diet, pollinators completely or partly rely on pollen and nectar as food sources. A precise characterization of the chemical composition of these flower resources represents a key step in the definition of pollinators' nutritional ecology. However, pollen and nectar represent challenging sources to collect and analyze, especially due to their small amounts per flower, and the application of suitable sampling and analysis tools is a pivotal step to perform dedicated studies and comparisons. Here, we compared a recently proposed tool based on a portable vacuum cleaner for floral pollen collection (E‐PoSa, i.e., Electronic Pollen Sampler) with traditional pollen sampling methods (i.e., anther collection and anther sieving) together with the evaluation of different nectar sampling techniques (i.e., centrifugation, microcapillaries, washing, and microrinsing) by looking at the differences in their quantitative recovery as well as their chemical profiling. Pollen and nectar were collected from three model flower species each. Our results demonstrated that different collection methods introduce biases in the nutritional profiling of floral rewards and specifically: (1) underestimation of the pollen protein and lipid content in the anther collection method; (2) reduction in the volume of recovered nectar by centrifugation; (3) overestimation of the glucose content in the nectar collected by flower washing and underestimation of the glucose content by microrinsing; and (4) relevant biases in the phytochemical profiles of pollen and nectar by analyzing the whole anthers and the nectar collected by washing the entire flower. Differences in methods were not directly related to the different productivity of pollen and nectar across species. The final goal of the study is to propose standardized, comparable, and easily accessible strategies for the study of flower resources that ultimately impact on pollinators' nutritional ecology. Acknowledging the potential influences of the sampling techniques and moving toward shared field protocols will advance the comprehension of species interactions, foraging patterns, and pollinators' nutritional needs.
Impact of epicardial adipose tissue on cardiac function and morphology in patients with diastolic dysfunction
Authors: Schulz Alexander , Backhaus Sören J. , Lange Torben , Evertz Ruben , Kutty Shelby , Kowallick Johannes T. , Hasenfuß Gerd , Schuster Andreas 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimsThis study aimed to identify the impact of increased epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) and its regional distribution on cardiac function in patients with diastolic dysfunction.Methods and resultsSixty‐eight patients with exertional dyspnoea (New York Heart Association ≥II), preserved ejection fraction (≥50%), and diastolic dysfunction (E/e′ ≥ 8) underwent rest and stress right heart catheterization, transthoracic echocardiography, and cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR). EAT volumes were depicted from CMR short‐axis stacks. First, the impact of increased EAT above the median was investigated. Second, the association of ventricular and atrial EAT with myocardial deformation at rest and during exercise stress was analysed in a multivariable regression analysis. Patients with high EAT had higher HFA‐PEFF and H2FPEFF scores as well as N‐terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide levels (all P < 0.048). They were diagnosed with manifest heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) more frequently (low EAT: 37% vs. high EAT: 64%; P = 0.029) and had signs of adverse remodelling indicated by higher T1 times (P < 0.001). No differences in biventricular volumetry and left ventricular mass (all P > 0.074) were observed. Patients with high EAT had impaired atrial strain at rest and during exercise stress, and impaired ventricular strain during exercise stress. Regionally increased EAT was independently associated with functional impairment of the adjacent chambers.ConclusionsPatients with diastolic dysfunction and increased EAT show more pronounced signs of diastolic functional failure and adverse structural remodelling. Despite similar morphological characteristics, patients with high EAT show significant cardiac functional impairment, in particular in the atria. Our results indicate that regionally increased EAT directly induces atrial functional failure, which represents a distinct pathophysiological feature in HFpEF.
Advances in CO2 recycle to alcohols and ethers through hydrogenation
Authors: Boretti Alberto 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis paper addresses the urgent challenge of CO2 emissions and the need for sustainable energy sources. It emphasizes CO2 hydrogenation as a promising solution for large‐scale long‐term energy storage, converting CO2 into valuable fuels using green hydrogen generated from renewable sources. The study concentrates on exploring pathways leading to oxygenated compounds, such as alcohols or ethers, for their utilization as sustainable fuels. The investigation encompasses methanol, dimethyl ether, ethanol, and higher alcohols. The paper investigates catalysts for CO2 hydrogenation, ranging from traditional metal‐based to advanced materials, aiming to identify efficient and stable catalysts for synthesizing oxygenated compounds. Catalysts are indispensable in CO2 hydrogenation for the synthesis of oxygenated compounds, contributing to improved reaction kinetics, selectivity, economic viability, reduced environmental impact, and the overall sustainability of the process. The goal is to contribute to a fully renewable, carbon‐neutral system powered by excess solar and wind electricity, where recycled CO2 and green hydrogen are used to produce fuels, to be stored and then used to produce energy, electricity, heat, or mechanical energy, on demand, with the capture of the CO2, in a system which is overall carbon neutral. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Postnatal growth failure of very low‐birth‐weight infants in Southwest Iran: A descriptive analytical study
Authors: Dehdashtian Masoud , Aramesh Mohammad‐Reza , Malakian Arash , Aletayeb Seyyed Mohammad Hassan , Rasti Amene 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsPreterm infants are more prone to poor growth and neurodevelopment. The first few weeks of life play an important role in the growth and neurodevelopment of very‐low‐birth‐weight (VLBW) infants. The Vermont Oxford Network, evaluating the postnatal growth of preterm newborns, considers growth failure as body weight <10th percentile for postmenstrual age. This study aims to assess the frequency of postnatal growth failure in VLBW infants in Southwest Iran.MethodsThis descriptive analytical study was performed on VLBW infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Imam Khomeini Hospital (Ahvaz, Iran) from September 2019 to August 2020. Growth failure was confirmed when a newborn's weight at discharge was smaller than the 10th percentile corrected age (≤−1.28 Z‐score), based on the Fenton growth chart as a standard. This study was performed on 353 infants. Intrauterine growth retardation was detected in 29% of female and 10.6% of male newborns, who were born at a gestational age of 32 and 31 weeks or higher respectively. Upon hospital discharge, postnatal growth failure was detected in all newborn girls, except for those born at 32 weeks of gestation, and all newborn boys, except for those born at a gestational age of 33–34 weeks.ConclusionPostnatal growth retardation in VLBW infants born in our NICU was much higher than that of other centers. Overcrowding, short length of hospitalization, low nurse‐to‐patient ratio, and untrained nurses were among the reasons for poor postnatal growth in our center.
Multieffect bioconvective transport of oxytactic microorganisms with thermal radiation, Lorentz force, heat source, and chemical reaction over a flexible cylinder
Authors: Chowdhury Sandip , Rao Pentyala Srinivasa , Prakash Om , Gorai Debasish 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe multieffect bioconvective heat transfer in porous media is essential for many technological applications. However, the literature governing practical applications is very scarce. The bioconvective transport of magnetohydrodynamic cross nanofluid carrying oxytactic microorganisms across a flexible cylinder with velocity slip, viscous dissipation, thermal radiation, and chemical reaction with a heat source in Darcy–Forchheimer porous medium is predicted in this piece of work. The random movement and thermophoresis processes are revealed by the Buongiorno model. Using a suitable similarity transformation and boundary layer approximation, the simplified model equations are converted into coupled highly nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The resulting ODEs are dealt with numerically utilizing the BVP4C and the shooting method with predetermined thermal radiation, heat source, chemical reaction, and so forth parameters. The velocity field is inversely influenced by the Forchheimer number and porosity parameter. The Sherwood number is significantly influenced by chemical reactions. For heat source parameter (S) and increasing radiation parameter (Rd), the Nusselt number increases and convection is shown for the value of Rd near about 3. Overall, this study will help researchers in science and engineering to understand the intricate and multieffective dynamic system and industrial applications like microbiology, and biodynamical systems, biological tissues, biofilms, soil, or filter media.
Determinants of the degree of fiscal sustainability
Authors: Afonso António , Alves José , Coelho José Carlos 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe assess the link between fiscal sustainability coefficients, namely the responses of the primary government balance and the global government balance to the debt‐to‐GDP ratio, and the response of government revenues to government expenditures. For 22 OECD developed countries we use annual data between 1950 and 2019. Other determinants of fiscal responses are also studied in the context of quantile regressions. We find that the output gap contributes to increasing fiscal sustainability by positively influencing the responsiveness of the primary and global government balances; and the responses of the primary and global government balances to the debt ratio and the response of government revenues to government expenditures depend on the level of the debt ratio. In addition, from the quantile analysis, the influence of the response of government revenues to government expenditures is negative and increasing over the deciles, confirming the existence of a negative cross‐relationship between the fiscal sustainability coefficients.