bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
U‐Net enhanced real‐time LED‐based photoacoustic imaging
Authors: Paul Avijit , Mallidi Srivalleesha 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPhotoacoustic (PA) imaging is hybrid imaging modality with good optical contrast and spatial resolution. Portable, cost‐effective, smaller footprint light emitting diodes (LEDs) are rapidly becoming important PA optical sources. However, the key challenge faced by the LED‐based systems is the low light fluence that is generally compensated by high frame averaging, consequently reducing acquisition frame‐rate. In this study, we present a simple deep learning U‐Net framework that enhances the signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) and contrast of PA image obtained by averaging low number of frames. The SNR increased by approximately four‐fold for both in‐class in vitro phantoms (4.39 ± 2.55) and out‐of‐class in vivo models (4.27 ± 0.87). We also demonstrate the noise invariancy of the network and discuss the downsides (blurry outcome and failure to reduce the salt & pepper noise). Overall, the developed U‐Net framework can provide a real‐time image enhancement platform for clinically translatable low‐cost and low‐energy light source‐based PA imaging systems.
A comparative in vitro and in vivo analysis of the impact of copper substitution on the cytocompatibility, osteogenic, and angiogenic properties of a borosilicate bioactive glass
Authors: Fiehn Linn Anna , Kunisch Elke , Saur Merve , Arango‐Ospina Marcela , Merle Christian , Hagmann Sébastien , Stiller Adrian , Hupa Leena , Kaňková Hana , Galusková Dagmar , Renkawitz Tobias , Boccaccini Aldo. R. , Westhauser Fabian 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe 0106‐B1‐bioactive glass (BG) composition (in wt %: 37.5 SiO2, 22.6 CaO, 5.9 Na2O, 4.0 P2O5, 12.0 K2O, 5.5 MgO, and 12.5 B2O3) has demonstrated favorable processing properties and promising bone regeneration potential. The present study aimed to evaluate the biological effects of the incorporation of highly pro‐angiogenic copper (Cu) in 0106‐B1‐BG in vitro using human bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) as well as its in vivo potential for bone regeneration. CuO was added to 0106‐B1‐BG in exchange for CaO, resulting in Cu‐doped BG compositions containing 1.0, 2.5 and 5.0 wt % CuO (composition in wt %: 37.5 SiO2, 21.6/ 20.1/17.6 CaO, 5.9 Na2O, 4.0 P2O5, 12.0 K2O, 5.5 MgO, 12.5 B2O3, and 1.0/ 2.5/ 5.0 CuO). In vitro, the BGs' impact on the viability, proliferation, and growth patterns of BMSCs was evaluated. Analyses of protein secretion, matrix formation, and gene expression were used for the assessment of the BGs' influence on BMSCs regarding osteogenic differentiation and angiogenic stimulation. The presence of Cu improved cytocompatibility, osteogenic differentiation, and angiogenic response when compared with unmodified 0106‐B1‐BG in vitro. In vivo, a critical‐size femoral defect in rats was filled with scaffolds made from BGs. Bone regeneration was evaluated by micro‐computed tomography. Histological analysis was performed to assess bone maturation and angiogenesis. In vivo effects regarding defect closure, presence of osteoclastic cells or vascular structures in the defect were not significantly changed by the addition of Cu compared with undoped 0106‐B1‐BG scaffolds. Hence, while the in vitro properties of the 0106‐B1‐BG were significantly improved by the incorporation of Cu, further evaluation of the BG composition is necessary to transfer these effects to an in vivo setting.
IGSF10 inhibits the metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma via the Spi‐B/Integrin‐β1 signaling pathway
Authors: Ling Bo , Ye Guangbin , Qin Chunyan , Liao Xianjiu , Yang Ruirui , Su Lili , Qi Guangzi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIGSF10, a protein that belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily, is involved in regulating the early migration of neurons that produce gonadotropin‐releasing hormone and performs a fundamental function in development. Our previous study confirmed that the mRNA expression level of IGSF10 may be a protective prognosis factor for lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients. However, the specific mechanisms of IGSF10 are still unclear. In this research, it was shown that the protein level of IGSF10 was down‐modulated in LUAD tissues and had a link to the clinical and pathological characteristics as well as the patient's prognosis in LUAD. Importantly, IGSF10 regulates the metastatic ability of LUAD cells in vitro and in vivo. It was proven in a mechanistic sense that IGSF10 inhibits the capacity of LUAD cells to metastasize through the Spi‐B/Integrin‐β1 signaling pathway. These findings gave credence to the premise that IGSF10 performed a crucial function in LUAD.
M2 macrophage‐derived paracrine factor TNFSF13 affects the fibrogenic alterations in endothelial cells and cardiac fibroblasts by mediating the NF‐κB and Akt pathway
Authors: Tan Xiaoli , Wang Jintang , Liu Xiangyang , Xie Genyuan , Ouyang Fan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHeart failure remains a global threaten to public health, cardiac fibrosis being a crucial event during the development and progression of heart failure. Reportedly, M2 macrophages might affect endothelial cell (ECs) and fibroblast proliferation and functions through paracrine signaling, participating in myocardial fibrosis. In this study, differentially expressed paracrine factors between M0/1 and M2 macrophages were analyzed and the expression of TNFSF13 was most significant in M2 macrophages. Culture medium (CM) of M2 (M2 CM) coculture to ECs and cardiac fibroblasts (CFbs) significantly promoted the cell proliferation of ECs and CFbs, respectively, and elevated α‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA), collagen I, and vimentin levels within both cell lines; moreover, M2 CM‐induced changes in ECs and CFbs were partially abolished by TNFSF13 knockdown in M2 macrophages. Lastly, the NF‐κB and Akt signaling pathways were proved to participate in TNFSF13‐mediated M2 CM effects on ECs and CFbs. In conclusion, TNFSF13, a paracrine factor upregulated in M2 macrophages, could mediate the promotive effects of M2 CM on EC and CFb proliferation and fibrogenic alterations.
Theoretical study of PdNi and PdCu clusters embedded on graphene modified by monovacancy and nitrogen doping
Authors: Ortiz‐Vázquez E. A. , Montejo‐Alvaro F. , Cruz‐Martínez H. , Calaminici P. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe stability and reactivity of Pd4Ni4 and Pd4Cu4 clusters embedded on graphene modified by monovacancy and nitrogen doping were investigated using auxiliary density functional theory (ADFT) calculations. The most stable structure of the Pd4Ni4 cluster is found in high spin multiplicity, whereas the lowest stable energy structure of the Pd4Cu4 cluster is a close shell system. The interaction energies between the bimetallic clusters and the defective graphene systems are significantly higher than those reported in the literature for the Pd‐based clusters deposited on pristine graphene. It is observed that the composites studied present a HOMO‐LUMO gap less than 1 eV, which suggests that they may present a good chemical reactivity. Therefore, from the results obtained in this work it can be inferred that the single vacancy graphene and pyridinic N‐doped graphene are potentially good support materials for Pd‐based clusters.
Maximal cocliques and the chromatic number of the Kneser graph on chambers of PG(3,q) $(3,q)$
Authors: Heering Philipp , Metsch Klaus 
Published: April 2024

AbstractLet be the graph whose vertices are the chambers of the finite projective 3‐space , with two vertices being adjacent if and only if the corresponding chambers are in general position. We show that a maximal independent set of vertices of contains , or , or at most elements. For the structure of the largest maximal independent sets is described. For the structure of the maximal independent sets of the three largest cardinalities is described. Using the cardinality of the second largest maximal independent sets, we show that the chromatic number of is .
Negative religious coping versus spiritual struggles: Moderator or main effect?
Authors: Pirutinsky Steven 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveWhile previous research indicates that negative religious coping relates with distress, it is unclear if this represents generalized spiritual struggles or a specific vulnerability activated by negative events. Moreover, past research treats coping as a stable phenomenon, although it likely fluctuates. This research simultaneously tested both models longitudinally and examined the relationship between coping and distress.MethodsThe current study is a secondary analysis of longitudinal data collected online over 3 years from 397 participants. Life events, negative religious coping, and depressive symptoms were assessed on six occasions, and linear mixed‐effect models were used to analyze data.ResultsNegative religious coping was largely stable with increases at times of stress. Participants with higher mean negative coping reported more depressive symptoms regardless of life circumstances (i.e., main effect), likely reflecting generalized spiritual struggles. In addition, those with higher mean coping or with particularly high levels at a given time reported even higher levels of symptoms when they experienced more negative life events (i.e., moderation effect).ConclusionResults suggest that previous research merges two distinct phenomena—spiritual struggles and negative coping. This has important theoretical and research implications and suggests that integrating spirituality and religion into treatment can be warranted.
Performance of ChatGPT on Factual Knowledge Questions Regarding Clinical Pharmacy
Authors: van Nuland Merel , Erdogan Abdullah , Aςar Cenkay , Contrucci Ramon , Hilbrants Sven , Maanach Lamyae , Egberts Toine , van der Linden Paul D. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractChatGPT is a language model that was trained on a large dataset including medical literature. Several studies have described the performance of ChatGPT on medical exams. In this study, we examine its performance in answering factual knowledge questions regarding clinical pharmacy. Questions were obtained from a Dutch application that features multiple‐choice questions to maintain a basic knowledge level for clinical pharmacists. In total, 264 clinical pharmacy‐related questions were presented to ChatGPT and responses were evaluated for accuracy, concordance, quality of the substantiation, and reproducibility. Accuracy was defined as the correctness of the answer, and results were compared to the overall score by pharmacists over 2022. Responses were marked concordant if no contradictions were present. The quality of the substantiation was graded by two independent pharmacists using a 4‐point scale. Reproducibility was established by presenting questions multiple times and on various days. ChatGPT yielded accurate responses for 79% of the questions, surpassing pharmacists' accuracy of 66%. Concordance was 95%, and the quality of the substantiation was deemed good or excellent for 73% of the questions. Reproducibility was consistently high, both within day and between days (>92%), as well as across different users. ChatGPT demonstrated a higher accuracy and reproducibility to factual knowledge questions related to clinical pharmacy practice than pharmacists. Consequently, we posit that ChatGPT could serve as a valuable resource to pharmacists. We hope the technology will further improve, which may lead to enhanced future performance.
Macromorphological and foliar epidermal anatomical characteristics of Lilium rosthornii (Liliaceae): Implications for morphological adaptations and taxonomic significance
Authors: Ayaz Asma , Gu Yaodong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis research is to examine the macromorphological and foliar epidermal anatomical features of Lilium rosthornii Diels and its ability to plastically adapt to environmental forces, which is crucial for its taxonomic classification. L. rosthornii has macromorphological characteristics such as linear to lanceolate leaves of up to 20 cm in length and 2–3 cm in breadth, grouped in a whorled pattern. The blooms are voluminous and conspicuous, measuring up to 15 cm in diameter and are supported by a towering stalk that grows up to 1 m in height. The foliar epidermal structure of L. rosthornii exhibits a stomatal length of 82.02 ± 5.77 μm and a width of 29.19 ± 1.39 μm. These measurements suggest that the plant's stomata are influenced by its ploidy levels and may serve as adaptive mechanisms to enhance water consumption efficiency. The leaf structure shows a significant thickness of 398.74 ± 97.96 μm, which might potentially contribute to its ability to withstand environmental challenges. Additionally, the presence of defensive adaptations in the top and lower epidermal layers further supports this observation. The palisade tissue measurement (58.87 ± 9.56 m) and spongy tissue measurement (32.42 ± 12.72 μm) indicate a potential for photosynthetic optimization. Furthermore, there is a possible correlation between the vascular bundle width (28.15 ± 6.52 °m) and the efficiency of nutrition delivery. The results of this study emphasize the notable diversity in the foliar structures of L. rosthornii, offering valuable understanding of its morphological adaptations that have ecological and taxonomic significance. The findings provide a deeper comprehension of the potential impact of anatomical characteristics on plant function and categorization, hence providing significant insights to the domain of plant morphology and systematics.Research Highlights
Examines Lilium rosthornii's anatomical features and environmental adaptability for taxonomic relevance.
Leaf thickness and epidermal defenses indicate resilience to environmental stress.
Highlights the diversity in L. rosthornii's foliar structures, with implications for ecological and taxonomic significance
Offers insights into the impact of anatomical characteristics on plant function and classification.
Examining the communication work of women who have tested BRCA‐positive: “I feel this responsibility to let people know”
Authors: Martin Summer C. , Scott Allison M. , Stone Anne M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractInheriting a pathogenic variant in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene considerably increases a woman's risk levels for developing breast and ovarian cancer. In addition to serious physical health implications, women with a BRCA pathogenic variant may face psychosocial challenges, including those related to navigating the often demanding process of communicating about topics regarding BRCA with family and other social network members. Based on in‐depth interviews with 24 women who tested BRCA‐positive, we found that—consistent with the conceptualization of communication work articulated by Donovan‐Kicken et al. (2012) as an extension of the theory of illness trajectories (Corbin & Strauss, 1988)—the labor of communicating about BRCA genetic risk entails (a) duties, (b) challenges, (c) strategies, and (d) shared work. Within each category, our results illuminate particular characteristics of communication work for women who have tested BRCA‐positive, which are commonly tied to the profound health consequences that a pathogenic variant may have for them and, potentially, for their genetic relatives. Our findings offer useful theoretical implications regarding communication work in this context. Furthermore, our results yield valuable practical insight for genetic counselors and other health care professionals regarding the struggles that can accompany communication work for women who have tested BRCA‐positive as well as the strategies that participants reported using to manage or avoid these challenges.
Mass cytometry reveals atypical immune profile notably impaired maturation of memory CD4 T with Gb3‐related CD27 expression in CD4 T cells in Fabry disease
Authors: Mauhin Wladimir , Dzangue‐Tchoupou Gaelle , Amelin Damien , Corneau Aurélien , Lamari Foudil , Allenbach Yves , Dussol Bertrand , Leguy‐Seguin Vanessa , D'Halluin Pauline , Matignon Marie , Maillot François , Ly Kim‐Heang , Besson Gérard , Willems Marjolaine , Labombarda Fabien , Masseau Agathe , Lavigne Christian , Lacombe Didier , Maillard Hélène , Lidove Olivier , Benveniste Olivier 
Published: April 2024

AbstractFabry disease (FD) is an X‐linked disease characterized by an accumulation of glycosphingolipids, notably of globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) and globotriaosylsphingosine (lysoGb3) leading to renal failure, cardiomyopathy, and cerebral strokes. Inflammatory processes are involved in the pathophysiology. We investigated the immunological phenotype of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in Fabry patients depending on the clinical phenotype, treatment, Gb3, and lysoGb3 levels and the presence of anti‐drug antibodies (ADA). Leucocytes from 41 male patients and 20 controls were analyzed with mass cytometry using both unsupervised and supervised algorithms. FD patients had an increased expression of CD27 and CD28 in memory CD45‐ and CD45 + CCR7‐CD4 T cells (respectively p < 0.014 and p < 0.02). Percentage of CD45RA‐CCR7‐CD27 + CD28+ cells in CD4 T cells was correlated with plasma lysoGb3 (r = 0.60; p = 0.0036) and phenotype (p < 0.003). The correlation between Gb3 and CD27 in CD4 T cells almost reached significance (r = 0.33; p = 0.058). There was no immune profile associated with the presence of ADA. Treatment with agalsidase beta was associated with an increased proportion of Natural Killer cells. These findings provide valuable insights for understanding FD, linking Gb3 accumulation to inflammation, and proposing new prognostic biomarkers.
Eliciting the views of left breast cancer patients' receiving deep inspiration breath hold radiation therapy to inform the design of multimedia education and improve patient‐centred care for prospective patients
Authors: Dower Kathleene , Halkett Georgia K.B. , Dhillon Haryana , Naehrig Diana , O'Connor Moira 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe currently accepted best practice radiation treatment for left breast cancer patients is Deep Inspiration Breath Hold (DIBH) where patients hold a deep breath to reduce late cardiac and pulmonary effects from treatment. DIBH can be challenging and induce or exacerbate anxiety in patients due to the perceived pressure to reduce radiation treatment side effects. This study explored the experiences of patients treated with Deep Inspiration Breath Hold Radiation Therapy (DIBH‐RT) to improve patient‐centred care and inform the design of multimedia educational tools for future patients undergoing DIBH.MethodsThis descriptive qualitative study was underpinned by a social constructivist approach to create new educational and patient care approaches based on previous patients' experiences. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with patients who had completed DIBH‐RT for breast cancer. Data was analysed with reflexive thematical analysis.ResultsTwenty‐two patients were interviewed with five key themes identified: (1) informational needs, (2) care needs, (3) autonomy, (4) DIBH performance influencers and (5) other centredness. Recommendations were derived from these themes to improve future treatments of DIBH patients. These recommendations revolved around improvements to education, patient‐centred care and strategies to improve self‐efficacy with breath holding.ConclusionPatients offer a wealth of knowledge regarding their lived experiences with treatment which can enhance future patients' experiences if incorporated into their education and care. Eliciting patients' views of their DIBH‐RT treatment highlighted the need to improve patient self‐efficacy with DIBH through familiarity with their planned treatment from new multimedia education, and foster patient care to enhance their experience.
Poor durability of the neutralizing response against XBB sublineages after a bivalent mRNA COVID‐19 booster dose in persons with HIV
Authors: Matusali Giulia , Vergori Alessandra , Cimini Eleonora , Mariotti Davide , Mazzotta Valentina , Lepri Alessandro Cozzi , Colavita Francesca , Gagliardini Roberta , Notari Stefania , Meschi Silvia , Fusto Marisa , Tartaglia Eleonora , Girardi Enrico , Maggi Fabrizio , Antinori Andrea ,   the HIV‐VAC Study Group
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe estimated the dynamics of the neutralizing response against XBB sublineages and T cell response in persons with HIV (PWH) with previous AIDS and/or CD4 < 200/mm3 receiving the bivalent original strain/BA.4‐5 booster dose in fall 2022. Samples were collected before the shot (Day 0), 15 days, 3, and 6 months after. PWH were stratified by immunization status: hybrid immunity (HI; vaccination plus COVID‐19) versus nonhybrid immunity (nHI; vaccination only). Fifteen days after the booster, 16% and 30% of PWH were nonresponders in terms of anti‐XBB.1.16 or anti‐EG.5.1 nAbs, respectively. Three months after, a significant waning of anti‐XBB.1.16, EG.5.1 and ‐XBB.1 nAbs was observed both in HI and nHI but nAbs in HI were higher than in nHI. Six months after both HI and nHI individuals displayed low mean levels of anti‐XBB.1.16 and EG.5.1 nAbs. Regarding T cell response, IFN‐γ values were stable over time and similar in HI and nHI. Our data showed that in PWH, during the prevalent circulation of the XBB.1.16, EG.5.1, and other XBB sublineages, a mRNA bivalent vaccine might not confer broad protection against them. With a view to the 2023/2024 vaccination campaign, the use of the monovalent XBB.1.5 mRNA vaccine should be urgently warranted in PWH to provide adequate protection.
Characteristics of cold events in the eastern China: Perspective from five metropolitan regions
Authors: Shang Ziyu , Chen Guoxing , Tang Xu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the characteristics of cold events affecting eastern China during November–March of 1979–2018 using station observations and the ERA5 reanalysis, focusing five major cities (Beijing, Zhengzhou, Wuhan, Shanghai and Guangzhou) for their high vulnerability and distinct local thermal conditions than the broader climate regimes. For each city, cold day (CD) (one or more continuous days where the temperature falls below the local 5th percentiles) and cold surge (CS) (a period of 1–3 days with a total temperature decrease exceeding 8°C) were both examined in aspects of occurrence frequency, circulation characteristics and health impacts. Results show that the northern cities are relatively more/less exposed to CD/CS than the southern cities. At all five cities, the two types of events rarely coincide and exhibit distinct multiple‐year variations, as CD and CS are, respectively, dominated by continental‐ and regional‐scale circulations. However, both types of events are associated with the interplay of the East Asia trough at 300 hPa and the Siberian high, Aleutian low and subtropical high at 850 hPa. Results also show that during CDs in these cities, the effective temperatures (ET), which take into account of the near‐surface wind speed and humidity, are often about 5°C lower than the actual temperatures. The ET decreases are larger than the actual temperature drops in most CSs, yet in specific scenarios (primarily in Beijing and Zhengzhou when the temperature drop is relatively small), the ET drop can be less pronounced, as the possible decrease of wind speed and/or humidity can partially mitigate the ET decrease caused by dropping temperatures. These underline the complexity of health impacts of cold events, which vary regionally due to differences in covariations of temperature, wind speed and relative humidity. There aspects are worthy of further investigation.