bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intraoperative reliability of the tibial anteroposterior axis “Akagi's Line” in total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Kawaguchi Kohei , Yamagami Ryota , Kenichi Kono , Kage Tomofumi , Murakami Ryo , Arakawa Takahiro , Inui Hiroshi , Taketomi Shuji , Tanaka Sakae 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPurposeThe tibial anatomical anteroposterior (AP) axis “Akagi's line” was originally defined on computed tomography (CT) in total knee arthroplasty (TKA); however, its intraoperative reproducibility remains unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the intraoperative reproducibility of the Akagi's line and its effect on postoperative clinical outcomes.MethodsThis prospective study included 171 TKAs. The rotational angle of the intraoperative Akagi's line relative to the original Akagi's line (RAA) defined on CT was measured. The RAA was calculated based on the tibial component rotational angles relative to the intraoperative Akagi's line measured using the navigation system and CT. The effects of RAA on postoperative clinical outcomes and rotational alignments of components were also evaluated.ResultsThe mean absolute RAA (standard deviation) value was 5.5° (3.9°). The range of RAA was 22° internal rotation to 16° external rotation. Intraoperative Akagi's line outliers (RAA > 10°) were observed in 14% of the knees (24 knees). In outlier analysis, the tibial component rotation angle was externally rotated 6.5° (5.6°) in the outlier group and externally rotated 3.7° (4.2°) in the nonoutlier group (≤10°), with a significant difference between the two groups. Additionally, the outlier group (RAA > 10°) showed lower postoperative clinical outcomes.ConclusionThe original Akagi's line defined on CT showed insufficient reproducibility intraoperatively. The poor intraoperative detection of Akagi's line could be the reason for the tibial component rotational error and worse postoperative clinical outcomes.Level of EvidenceLevel IV, case series.
Best possible upper bounds on the restrained domination number of cubic graphs
Authors: Brešar Boštjan , Henning Michael A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA dominating set in a graph is a set of vertices such that every vertex in is adjacent to a vertex in . A restrained dominating set of is a dominating set with the additional restraint that the graph obtained by removing all vertices in is isolate‐free. The domination number and the restrained domination number are the minimum cardinalities of a dominating set and restrained dominating set, respectively, of . Let be a cubic graph of order . A classical result of Reed states that , and this bound is best possible. To determine the best possible upper bound on the restrained domination number of is more challenging, and we prove that .
Bisimplicial separators
Authors: Milanič Martin , Penev Irena , Pivač Nevena , Vušković Kristina 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA minimal separator of a graph is a set such that there exist vertices with the property that separates from in , but no proper subset of does. For an integer , we say that a minimal separator is ‐simplicial if it can be covered by cliques and denote by the class of all graphs in which each minimal separator is ‐simplicial. We show that for each , the class is closed under induced minors, and we use this to show that the
Maximum Weight Stable Set problem can be solved in polynomial time for . We also give a complete list of minimal forbidden induced minors for . Next, we show that, for , every nonnull graph in has a ‐simplicial vertex, that is, a vertex whose neighborhood is a union of cliques; we deduce that the
Maximum Weight Clique problem can be solved in polynomial time for graphs in . Further, we show that, for , it is NP‐hard to recognize graphs in ; the time complexity of recognizing graphs in is unknown. We also show that the
Maximum Clique problem is NP‐hard for graphs in . Finally, we prove a decomposition theorem for diamond‐free graphs in (where the diamond is the graph obtained from by deleting one edge), and we use this theorem to obtain polynomial‐time algorithms for the
Vertex Coloring and recognition problems for diamond‐free graphs in , and improved running times for the
Maximum Weight Clique and
Maximum Weight Stable Set problems for this class of graphs.
Carbon 14 and Carbon 13 Syntheses of Velagliflozin
Authors: Latli Bachir , Hrapchak Matt J. , Chevliakov Maxim , Shu Chutian 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACTVelagliflozin is the active ingredient of the first oral liquid medication approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of diabetes in cats. This compound belongs to the known class of sodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors approved to treat diabetes in human. Here, we report the detailed synthesis of velagliflozin labeled with carbon 14 and carbon 13.
High‐resolution ion mobility separations coupled to mass spectrometry: What's next?
Authors: Nagy Gabe 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHerein, I provide a personal perspective on high‐resolution multipass ion mobility spectrometry‐mass spectrometry (IMS‐MS), with a specific emphasis on cyclic (cIMS) and structures for lossless ion manipulations (SLIM IMS)‐based separations. My overarching goal for this perspective was to detail what I believe will be the key important areas in which IMS‐MS will help shape the bioanalytical community and especially omics‐based research.
Efficacy of ADIPOR1 and ADIPOR2 peptide‐agonist AdipoRon in preventing contracture in a rabbit model of arthrofibrosis
Authors: Salmons Harold I. , Carstens Mason F. , Limberg Afton K. , Bettencourt Jacob W. , Payne Ashley N. , Karczewski Daniel C. , Ryan Zachary T. , Morrey Mark E. , Sanchez‐Sotelo Joaquin , Berry Daniel J. , Dudakovic Amel , Abdel Matthew P. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAdipoRon is an adiponectin receptor 1, 2 (ADIPOR1 and ADIPOR2) agonist with potential antifibrotic effects. Whether AdipoRon can mitigate joint stiffness in a rabbit model of arthrofibrosis is unknown. We examined the efficacy of intravenous (IV) AdipoRon at mitigating contracture in a rabbit model of knee arthrofibrosis. Fifty‐six female New Zealand White rabbits were divided into three dosing groups: vehicle (dimethyl sulfoxide, DMSO), 2.5 mg/kg AdipoRon, and 5 mg/kg AdipoRon. AdipoRon, in DMSO, was administered IV preoperatively and for 5 days postoperatively (30 rabbits, Aim 1). AdipoRon was again dosed similarly after Kirschner wire (K‐wire) removal at 8 weeks (26 rabbits; Aim 2). The primary outcome of joint passive extension angle (PEA,°) was measured at 8, 10, 12, 16, and 24 weeks following index surgery. At 24 weeks, rabbits were euthanized and limbs were harvested to measure posterior capsular stiffness (N cm/°). In Aim 1, the 5 mg/kg treated rabbits had a significant increase in PEA when compared to controls at 16‐week (p < 0.05). In Aim 2, the 5 mg/kg treated rabbits had a significant increase in PEA when compared to controls at 10‐week (p < 0.05). In both aims, no significant differences were observed at later time points. Capsular stiffness was no different in any group. We are the first to report the efficacy of IV AdipoRon in a rabbit model of arthrofibrosis. We identified a significant dose‐dependent decrease in joint PEA at early time points; however, no differences were observed between groups at later time points. Clinical Significance: The present investigation provided the first assessment of AdipoRon's efficacy in mitigating knee stiffness in the current gold standard rabbit model of arthrofibrosis. Results of this investigation provided further evidence as to the potential role of AdipoRon as a preventative for arthrofibrosis in large mammals.
Cannabis use disorder and perioperative outcomes following complex cancer surgery
Authors: Munir Muhammad M. , Woldesenbet Selamawit , Endo Yutaka , Dillhoff Mary , Pawlik Timothy M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIntroductionCannabis usage is increasing in the United States, especially among patients with cancer. We sought to evaluate whether cannabis use disorder (CUD) was associated with higher morbidity and mortality among patients undergoing complex cancer surgery.MethodsPatients who underwent complex cancer surgery between January 2016 and December 2019 were identified in the National Inpatient Sample database. CUD was defined according to ICD‐10 codes. Propensity score matching was performed to create a 1:1 matched cohort that was well balanced with respect to covariates, which included patient comorbidities, sociodemographic factors, and procedure type. The primary composite outcome was in‐hospital mortality and seven major perioperative complications (myocardial ischemia, acute kidney injury, stroke, respiratory failure, venous thromboembolism, hospital‐acquired infection, and surgical procedure‐related complications).ResultsAmong 15 014 patients who underwent a high‐risk surgical procedure, a cohort of 7507 patients with CUD (median age; 43 years [IQR: 30−56 years]; n = 3078 [41.0%] female) were matched with 7507 patients who were not cannabis users (median age; 44 years [IQR: 30−58 years); n = 2997 [39.9%] female). CUD was associated with slight increased risk relative to postoperative kidney injury (CUD, 7.8% vs. no CUD, 6.1%); however, in‐hospital mortality was slightly lower (CUD, 0.9% vs. no CUD, 1.6%) (both p < 0.001). On multivariable analysis, after controlling for other risk factors, CUD was not associated with higher morbidity and mortality (adjusted odds ratio: 1.06, 95% CI: 0.98−1.15; p = 0.158).ConclusionCUD was not associated with a higher risk of postoperative morbidity and mortality following complex cancer surgery.
VEXAS syndrome: Focus on dermatological manifestations and their histopathological correlate
Authors: Engelen Sofie , Dens Anne‐Catherine , Staels Frederik , Schrijvers Rik , Blockmans Daniel , Vanderschueren Steven , Betrains Albrecht , Woei‐A‐Jin F. J. Sherida H. , Vanstapel Arno , Bosisio Franscesca , De Haes Petra 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundVEXAS ‘Vacuoles, E1 Enzyme, X‐linked, Autoinflammatory, Somatic syndrome’ is a rare autoinflammatory syndrome, first described in October 2020 by Beck et al. It is caused by somatic mutations in the UBA1 gene, coding for the E1 enzyme, responsible for ubiquitination. It manifests in adulthood, mainly in men, with constitutional symptoms, haematological abnormalities and often skin lesions with neutrophilic dermatoses most frequently reported. Since skin lesions are a frequent and early manifestation, recognising these may prove very useful for diagnosis.ObjectivesTo focus on the dermatological manifestations of VEXAS and their histopathological correlate.MethodsWe retrospectively collected data and revised skin biopsies of VEXAS patients diagnosed in our tertiary care centre, and compared those with the literature.ResultsWe identified nine men between 62 and 84 years old. The most frequently encountered UBA1 mutation was p.Met41Thr. Skin manifestations occurred in all patients; mostly as erythematous to purpuric papules/plaques, often with annular pattern. Histopathological, early VEXAS lesions showed a gradient in infiltrate with neutrophils being concentrated in the superficial interstitium and lymphocytes situated deeper around the blood vessels. Later in the disease course, the pattern became more variable and less specific with more nuclear debris, histiocytes, neutrophils and ulceration. Haematological and constitutional manifestations were present in all patients, followed by musculoskeletal (88.8%), eye (77.7%) and cardiovascular manifestations (66.6%). Polychondritis was present in 6/9 (66.6%) patients, as were respiratory symptoms, though only 33.3% had proven lung disease. The mortality rate was 22% 10 months after diagnosis.ConclusionsThis is the first cohort which describes in detail VEXAS skin manifestations with revision of all available skin biopsies, which led to the conclusion that early histopathological abnormalities in VEXAS syndrome may be easy to recognise, while the histopathological image becomes less specific over time and mimics other diseases as VEXAS progresses.
Spatial variation of soil organic carbon under major rubber planting regions in China
Authors: Guo Xinwei , Zhao Linlin , Wu Zhixiang , Sun Rui , Yang Chuan , Fu Qingmao , Tan Zhenghong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractUnderstanding the dynamic relationships between soil organic carbon (SOC) and stand age are essential to quantify and predict the terrestrial carbon sequestration potential. However, the spatial patterns in the response of rubber plantation SOC to stand age and their driving factors remain unclear. Based on SOC and its components measurement at different soil depths (0–40 cm) in rubber plantations under five different age classes (0–5, 5–10, 10–20, 20–30, and >30 years) in three major rubber cultivation regions in China, distribution pattern and controlling factors of SOC were investigated. We found that SOC and its components showed significant spatial variability vertically with soil depth and laterally across sampling sites. SOC contents in three major rubber cultivation regions range from 4.48 to 20.13 g kg−1 at a depth of 0–40 cm. Among the sampling sites, Jinghong had the highest SOC content at a depth of 0–10 cm (20.13 g kg−1). On a large‐scale, the relationship between SOC and stand age in rubber plantations did not show a consistent pattern among different sampling sites. Additionally, annual rainfall, soil moisture content, and soil pH had a stronger impact on SOC in rubber plantations compared to stand age. The results indicated that the spatial variability of SOC in rubber plantations with stand age could be influenced by specific soil properties and climate‐related variables at each sampling site. This study emphasized the significance of conducting multi‐site, multi‐scale studies to enhance our understanding of SOC dynamics and its influencing factors, and help to more accurately predict the dynamic changes of soil carbon storage in rubber plantations.
Contrasting responses of different mixotrophic protists to light and nutrient availability
Authors: Koppelle Sebastiaan , Ivanković Marina , Bengtsson Mia M. , Preiler Christian , Huisman Jef , Brussaard Corina P. D. , Engelmann Julia C. , Ptáčník Robert , Wilken Susanne 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMixotrophic protists are important members of aquatic microbial food webs where they can dominate bacterivory and strongly impact energy and nutrient flow. While light and nutrient availability are known to impact grazing rates by mixotrophs in laboratory studies, little is known about how changes in resource availability affect mixotrophic organisms in natural communities. Here, we performed a short‐term grazing assay using fluorescently labeled bacteria in a phosphorus‐limited subalpine mountain lake to test how the availability of light and nutrients affect mixotroph grazing rates. High grazing rates by a Pseudopedinella‐like dictyochophyte were unaffected by nutrient or light manipulation. In contrast, grazing rates by pigmented cryptophytes significantly decreased upon phosphorus addition, light deprivation, and a combination of both. We compare these findings with the seasonal analysis of a 4‐yr time‐series dataset of 18S rRNA gene amplicon abundances. While cryptophytes dominated in autumn and winter and were negatively related with water column stability, Pseudopedinella amplicon abundances showed a consistent spring–summer peak and were positively related with chlorophyll a concentrations. These results demonstrate the diversity in nutritional strategies among co‐occurring mixotrophic protists, which cannot be resolved by quantification of bulk grazing rates. Moreover, these different strategies result in distinct seasonal dynamics and coexistence of different mixotrophs, suggesting their respective trajectories into future aquatic ecosystems will also differ.
A Hybrid Organic‐Crystal‐Based Curved Waveguide Network for Producing, Splitting, and Transducing Multi‐Color Outputs
Authors: Rohullah Mehdi , Avulu Vinod Kumar , Chandrasekar Rajadurai 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHybrid optical components and circuits that deal with multiple signal generation and processing are quintessential for neural networking systems. Herein, the study reports the fabrication of one such component, a hybrid directional coupler (HDC) from blue emissive (4,4′‐bis(2,6‐di(1H‐pyrazol‐1‐yl)pyridin‐4‐yl)biphenyl) (BPP) and green emissive (E)‐1‐(((5‐bromopyridin‐2‐yl)imino)methyl)naphthalen‐2‐ol (BPyIN) pseudo‐plastic molecular crystals. Initially, a BPyIN microcrystal optical waveguide (OW1) is shaped into a strained waveguide with five bends using an atomic force microscopy cantilever‐tip aided mechanophotonics approach. Later, a singly bent BPyIN waveguide (OW2) is integrated into one of the bends at the coupling region on a strained waveguide to produce a 2 × 2 monolithic directional coupler (DC). Later, this 2 × 2 DC is extended to a HDC by integrating a blue emissive BPP waveguide (OW3) at another bend on the deformed waveguide. The fabricated HDC can effectively split the incident light into three parts with different split ratios and deliver multi‐color outputs depending on the port receiving the input signal. The spontaneous generation and processing of various signals produced in the circuit helps in understanding the functioning of complex optical neural networks. The demonstration of such innovative optical components manifests their utility for diverse applications in neural networking and quantum computing systems.
Freeform Liquid–Crystal Polarization Imaging Optics: A Practical Approach from Design to Fabrication
Authors: Pei Chunyang , Weng Jiacheng , Shu Tian , Fang Linyue , Hu Guangyin , Liu Yingli , Chen Ting , Wu Rengmao , Li Haifeng , Liu Xu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractFreeform liquid–crystal polarization imaging optics (LPIOs) have vast potential for application in next‐generation interactive displays like augmented reality and virtual reality. However, tailoring the phase profile of a freeform LPIO for flexible aberration correction and diffraction efficiency control is still a big challenge due to the difficulties arising from the non‐zero étendue of an imaging system and the finite bandwidth of LPIOs. Here, a practical approach to creating freeform LPIOs from design to fabrication is proposed. A freeform polarization exposure is developed to produce a flexible, precise, and ultra‐high‐resolution photoalignment pattern for a freeform LPIO. A cooperative optimization is performed between the freeform LPIO and the freeform polarization exposure system to find the optimal phase of the freeform LPIO and the optimal surface profiles of the freeform lenses employed in the exposure system to produce freeform wavefronts. The optimal phase of the freeform LPIO is then achieved by superposition interference of the engineered freeform wavefronts via freeform polarization exposure. The effectiveness of the approach and the advantages of freeform LPIOs is experimentally demonstrated. The proposed approach will significantly promote the widespread applications of freeform LPIOs in the field of optics and photonics.
Baicalein promotes KDM4E to induce BICD1 and inhibit triple‐negative breast cancer progression by blocking PAR1 signaling
Authors: Dong Yun , He Gaojian , Chen Kun , He Xuefeng , Pan Meitong , Huang Xuemei , Yu Xiaolan , Xia Jiyi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBaicalein has been implicated in the chemotherapy overcoming triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, many unanswered questions remain regarding its role in treating TNBC. Here, we sought to demonstrate the molecular pathway mediated by baicalein in TNBC. Lysine‐specific demethylase 4E (KDM4E), reduced in TNBC cells, was identified as a target protein of baicalein, and baicalein enhanced the protein expression and stability of KDM4E in TNBC cells. Knockdown of KDM4E attenuated the inhibitory effect of baicalein on TNBC cell activity, as demonstrated by intensified mobility, viability, and apoptosis resistance in TNBC cells. KDM4E activated protein bicaudal D homolog 1 (BICD1) expression by reducing the deposition of histone H3 lysine 9 trimethylation (H3K9me3) in its promoter, whereas BICD1 promoted protease‐activated receptor‐1 (PAR1) endocytosis and blocked PAR1 signaling through physical interaction with PAR1. Knockdown of KDM4E strengthened the PAR1‐dependent activity of TNBC cells in response to thrombin activation, whereas TNBC progression activated by PAR1 signaling was blocked by combined overexpression of BICD1. Taken together, our data indicate that baicalein‐promoted KDM4E enhanced the expression of BICD1 and activated the inhibitory effect of BICD1 on PAR1 signaling, thereby inhibiting TNBC progression.
Global hydrological reanalyses: The value of river discharge information for world‐wide downstream applications – The example of the Global Flood Awareness System GloFAS
Authors: Prudhomme Christel , Zsótér Ervin , Matthews Gwyneth , Melet Angelique , Grimaldi Stefania , Zuo Hao , Hansford Eleanor , Harrigan Shaun , Mazzetti Cinzia , de Boisseson Eric , Salamon Peter , Garric Gilles 
Published: April 2024

AbstractGlobal hydrological reanalyses are modelled datasets providing information on river discharge evolution everywhere in the world. With multi‐decadal daily timeseries, they provide long‐term context to identify extreme hydrological events such as floods and droughts. By covering the majority of the world's land masses, they can fill the many gaps in river discharge in‐situ observational data, especially in the global South. These gaps impede knowledge of both hydrological status and future evolution and hamper the development of reliable early warning systems for hydrological‐related disaster reduction. River discharge is a natural integrator of the water cycle over land. Global hydrological reanalysis datasets offer an understanding of its spatio‐temporal variability and are therefore critical for addressing the water–energy–food–environment nexus. This paper describes how global hydrological reanalyses can fill the lack of ground measurements by using earth system or hydrological models to provide river discharge time series. Following an inventory of alternative sources of river discharge datasets, reviewing their advantages and limitations, the paper introduces the Copernicus Emergency Management Service (CEMS) Global Flood Awareness System (GloFAS) modelling chain and its reanalysis dataset as an example of a global hydrological reanalysis dataset. It then reviews examples of downstream applications for global hydrological reanalyses, including monitoring of land water resources and ocean dynamics, understanding large‐scale hydrological extreme fluctuations, early warning systems, earth system model diagnostics and the calibration and training of models, with examples from three Copernicus Services (Emergency Management, Marine and Climate Change).
Thermal Degradation Kinetic Study of Expanded Perlite‐Modified Butadiene Rubber Composites
Authors: Edres Nada , Buniyatzadeh Irada , Aliyeva Solmaz , Turp Sinan Mehmet , Alosmanov Rasim 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMineral–rubber composites based on phosphorylated butadiene rubber (PhBR), including pure expanded perlite (EP) and modified phosphorylated expanded perlite (PhEP) as fillers, are developed. The process involves forming PhBR and its composites—EP/PhBR and PhEP/PhBR—through the oxidative chlorophosphorylation (OxCh) reaction. An in‐depth comparative analysis is conducted on the thermal destruction of the PhBR matrix and the EP/PhBR, and PhEP/PhBR composites. The thermogravimetric (TG)/differential thermogravimetry (DTG) analyses reveal three stages of thermal degradation for the PhBR matrix and both composites, highlighting the notable effects of EP and PhEP in the second and third stages of the degradation process. In comparison, the PhEP/PhBR composite exhibits reduced weight loss, the highest integral procedural decomposition temperature (IPDT) value, and a lower Tmax on the DTG curve, compared with the EP/PhBR composite and the PhBR matrix. The mechanism of the thermal destruction reaction and the kinetic parameters Ea and A are calculated using the model‐fitting Coats–Redfern method.