bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Editor profile: Donald H. Eckhardt
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2006

For Don Eckhardt, editor of AGU's Geodynamics book series, the scope of subjects appropriate for inclusion in the series is wide. “ The forces implied in the term ‘geodynamics’ operate on this planet on all scales and from the surface deep into the interior,” he says. The articles collected in the red volumes are often united, he suggests, by “an emphasis on common techniques as much as by subject matter.”Like the potential range of topics in the geodynamics series, the breadth of Eckhardt's professional responsibilities is large. As director of the Earth Sciences Division at the Air Force Geophysical Laboratory (AFGL) at Hanscom Air Force Base near Bedford, Mass., he oversees research and development in geodesy, gravity, seismology, geology, and dynamical astronomy. He administers more than 50 outside contracts while actively conducting theoretical and applied research of his own. In the past year, he has become well‐known for his proposition that geophysical measurements made by an AFGL team demonstrate the existence and magnitude of two previously undetected fundamental forces in the universe, supplementing electromagnetism, the strong and weak nuclear forces, and Newtonian gravity.
AGU election results
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2006

AGU's President‐Elect for 1988–1990 will be G. Brent Dalrymple of the U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park. Marshall E. Moss will take the position of General Secretary, and Juan G. Roederer will remain Foreign Secretary. Moss and Roederer will serve through June 30, 1992. Dalrymple will be President‐ Elect until June 30, 1990, and President through June 30, 1992. The full election results are shown in Table 1Section officers will serve from July 1, 1988, to June 30, 1990. Each section's president‐ elect will serve 2 years before becoming president and will have full voting rights on the AGU Council for all 4 years.
High school geophysics
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2006

AGU hosted 27 high school science teachers from the Baltimore, Md., area on Wednesday, May 18, at the 1988 AGU Spring Meeting. The Union's aim was to improve the amount and quality of geophysics provided to high school students by exposing their teachers to the most current geophysical research. Local AGU members volunteered to answer questions at the meeting and to be available for information and support afterward.The visit was sponsored jointly by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration/Goddard Space Flight Center (NASA/GSFC) and AGU. GSFC worked with the schools to identify the teachers who participated; the NASA facility also provided resource material. AGU arranged for the individual geophysicist contacts, hosted the group at the meeting, and provided additional resource materials. The teachers' schools agreed to their attendance and arranged for substitutes in their classrooms.
Reply [to “WIPP or is “how wet” the real question?”]
Authors: Bredehoeft John D. 
Published: October 2006

Spiegel and Anderson accept the hypothesis that the Salado Formation is saturated with brine. They go on to imply that brine in the WIPP underground will make disposing of wastes in the facility unwise.Groundwater hydrologists, when viewing Earth, start with two working hypotheses. First, all Earth materials within the crust to depths of at least 10 km have finite permeability, even though the permeability of some units might be quite low; i.e., no rocks are impermeable. Second, below the water table, all Earth materials are saturated with fluid, mostly groundwater, to a depth of at least 10 km.
LIMEX'87: The Labrador Ice Margin Experiment, March 1987–A pilot experiment in anticipation of RADARSAT and ERS 1 data
Authors: McNutt Lyn , Digby Susan , Carsey Frank , Holt Ben , Crawford John , Tang Charles L. , Gray A. Laurence , Livingstone Charles 
Published: October 2006

The first field program of the international Labrador Ice Margin Experiment (LIMEX) took place in the Grand Banks region off the east coast of Newfoundland, Canada, during the last 2 weeks of March 1987. LIMEX was conceived as a series of studies to be conducted at 2‐year intervals to address a number of objectives related to the dynamics of the Labrador Sea ice cover, the surveillance of ice and oceanic conditions with microwave instruments on aircraft and satellites, the roles of oceanic and atmospheric processes in influencing ice conditions, and the development of air‐sea‐ice models to predict the behavior of the ice extent, compactness, and motion.The first study in the series, LIMEX'87, was a pilot project to examine air‐sea‐ice interactions and the remote sensing of sea ice conditions and characteristics. It is the first study of the marginal ice zone in this region. The LIMEX'87 study area, shown in Figure 1, was chosen because of its economic importance and the nature of its ice cover. The most important oil exploration site on the Canadian east coast, Hibernia, lies within the range of excursion of the ice extent. The experiment was timed to coincide with the period of maximum ice extent and the onset of retreat.
ADCP measurements from a towed fish
Authors: Kaneko Arata , Koterayama Wataru 
Published: October 2006

The acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) is a powerful instrument that can measure detailed vertical profiles of ocean currents. ADCPs are often permanently mounted on research vessels and used to survey ocean currents rapidly over large areas of the ocean. We recently began development of a towed "fish" (instrument package) that would contain an ADCP with the same capabilities as a vessel‐mounted ADCP but that would allow us greater flexibility and improved data. Here we describe our initial efforts, present some of our first results, and summarize our near‐term plans for improving our present ADCP fish system. We are developing the ability to make ADCP measurements from a towed fish rather than from a ship because we want to be able to

measure ocean currents accurately even under severe sea surface conditions,
reduce the influence of cavitation noise generated by the ship's propeller,
eliminate interference caused by bubbles entrained under the ship's hull, and
use the instrument on unspecified research ships.
1988 Macelwane Medal to Douglas R. MacAyeal
Authors: Thomas Robert H. , MacAyeal Douglas R. 
Published: October 2006

Doug MacAyeal is one of the foremost scientists working on ice sheet glaciology. He has focused attention on problems that are critical to ice sheet response to climate change and has developed a powerful capability to develop realistic theoretical models of phenomena of which he has first‐hand experience.I met Doug 12 years ago at the University of Maine, where I was seeking a graduate assistant to work with me, measuring patterns of ice deformation in order to investigate the role of the Ross Ice Shelf in regulating ice discharge from the Antarctic ice sheet. I had only recently arrived in Maine, and I have to confess that I expected little more than to find an eager, strong young chap to help out with the field work. I expected to rely on my own meager resources to interpret the data that we would acquire. But instead, the first student I interviewed was Doug—a highly qualified physics graduate from Brown University. He had already developed a catastrophe model of paleoclimate in which global ice cover played a key role. It need hardly be said that I interviewed no others.
Frontiers of geophysics
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2006

The present and future state of geophysics was the subject of five wide‐ranging talks at “Frontiers of Geophysics,” a Union session held May 18 at the AGU Spring Meeting in Baltimore, Md.Scientists have suspected for many years that solar radiation controls aspects of Earth's climate. An up‐to‐date look at this old scientific problem led off the session. John Imbrie of Brown University (Providence, R.I.) talked about climatic effects of variations in Earth's orbital elements, better known as Milankovitch cycles. Three components of Earth's astronomical motion contribute to the amount of solar energy that reaches Earth: the obliquity or tilt of the rotation axis, its conical wobble or precession, and the eccentricity of Earth's orbit. The periods of these orbital elements vary from 23,000 years for precession to ∼100,000 years for eccentricity. The Milankovitch theory has now been tested against a rapidly growing mountain of climate and paleoclimate data and applied to t h e recurrence of ice ages and other phenomena.
Congress shapes science budget
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2006

President Reagan's Fiscal Year 1989 federal budget is emerging from Congress as lean as expected after last December's White House‐Congress budget summit. Like last year, the big increases requested by the Reagan administration for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation for FY 1989 have been cut in half by legislators forced to make a choice between science and the politically sensitive areas of housing, veterans assistance, and the environment.Appropriations for NASA and NSF are determined by subcommittees of the House and Senate that also set spending levels for the Department of Housing and Urban Development, the Veterans Administration, the Environmental Protection Agency, and other independent federal agencies. While the budget summit agreement imposed overall limits the FY 1989 spending plan, each HUD‐Independent Agencies subcommittee can rewrite the President's budget requests for agencies in its dominion as it sees fit. The only restriction is the size of the allocation for the subcommittees, which limits on the total they may appropriate.
1988 Waldo E. Smith Medal to Philip Hauge Abelson
Authors: MacDonald Gordon J. , Abelson Philip H. 
Published: October 2006

The award of the Waldo E. Smith Medal to Philip H. Abelson honors two men who have devoted their lives to science and particularly to geophysics. Phil Abelson's contributions to science, including his personal research, his remarkable career as editor of Science, and his past presidency of the American Geophysical Union, are well known to all. Perhaps not as well recognized was his role in establishing the Journal of Geophysical Research (JGR) as the flagship journal of the American Geophysical Union and as the world's premier geophysical chronicle.Having grown accustomed to the some 15,000 page per year volumes of JGR now bending our shelves, if not endangering our buildings, we tend to forget that 30 years ago the situation was far different. During the mid‐1950s, as the International Geophysical Year approached, members of AGU could publish either in one of the several specialized journals of organizations, such as the Seismological Society, the American Meteorological Society, and the Society of Exploration Geophysics, or in the Transactions of the American Geophysical Union. Transactions attempted to serve many functions, including those now provided by Eos. The Journal of Geophysical Research had been maintained as a publication committed largely, but not exclusively, to geomagnetism by the devoted efforts of Merle Tuve.
Job Hunters' Workshop held at Spring AGU Meeting
Authors: Ruder Michal 
Published: October 2006

The Education and Human Resources Committee of AGU sponsored a Job Hunters' Workshop as a special afternoon session of this year's Baltimore meeting. Aimed primarily at graduate and postgraduate researchers, the workshop was designed to facilitate the transition from university into the job force. Six panel members provided advice and information on how to pursue research and employment: academia, government labs, consulting firms, and the petroleum industry.The panel included E. K. Graham (Pennsylvania State University, University Park), Richard Orville (State University of New York, Albany), Penny Hanshaw (U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Reston, Va.), Anne Thompson (National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)/Goddard Space Flight Center), Joseph Bennett (S‐Cubed, Reston, Va.,), and Michal Ruder (Exxon Production Research Company, Houston, Tex.,).
China, U.S. study west Pacific Ocean
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2006

Scientists from the People's Republic of China and the United States returned June 9 from a 2‐month oceanographic and climate research cruise in the west Pacific Ocean. When the Chinese research vessel Xiangyanghong #14 returned to its home port of Guangzhou last month, it had sailed 15,000 miles through the waters of the Philippines, Papua, New Guinea, Ponape, Nauru, the Solomon Islands, and Guam.The cruise was the fourth in the Ocean Heat Transport and Climate Study under the US‐PRC protocol on cooperation in marine and fishery science and technology. Four more are planned over the next 2 years in the same area; another team of scientists will sail from Guangzhou in September. To share data from the first four cruises with other countries, the United States and China will host a symposium on air‐sea interactions in November in Beijing.
Space‐based telescope finds comets
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2006

Pictures of two newly discovered Sun‐grazing comets were released this month by the National Center for Atmospheric Research's High Altitude Observatory in Boulder, Colo. A coronagraph telescope orbiting Earth aboard a National Aeronautics and Space Administration spacecraft collected the images of the comets on October 5 and 17, 1987. The spacecraft is part of NASA's Solar Maximum Mission (SMM), and the comets have been named SMM 1 and SMM 2.Sun‐grazing comets do not form a strictly defined group, but any comet that comes within ∼0.01 AU of the Sun's center can be considered a sun‐grazer. These comets have been thought to be fairly rare, but as Brian Marsden of the Harvard‐Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics in Cambridge, Mass., points out, sightings of them seem to have a clumped distribution in time. Several Sun‐grazing comets were reported in the late 17th century and again in the mid and late 19th century, but with the exception of one in 1945, no more were seen until the 1960s. Eight more have been spotted since the first space‐based observation of a Sun‐grazing comet in 1979.
Congress asks for drilling plans
Authors: Andrews Robert S. 
Published: October 2006

The Interagency Coordinating Group on Continental Scientific Drilling develops policy to guide long‐term drilling plans for the Department of Energy, National Science Foundation, and U.S. Geological Survey. ICG has already cooperated on several drilling projects, such as those at Salton Sea, Long Valley, and Cajon Pass in California, and Valles caldera in New Mexico.Congress will soon pass the Continental Scientific Drilling and Exploration Act, S. 52 and H.R. 2737. The bill requires ICG to prepare a report that outlines a national program of scientific drilling.
Payload proposals for Space Station
Authors: Maggs William Ward 
Published: October 2006

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration is calling for proposals for investigations that will use the space station's attached payloads. Experiments from the disciplines of Solar System exploration, space physics, astrophysics, communications, and life sciences will be considered, according to Announcement of Opportunity OSSA 3—88. Letters of intent are due by August 19.Right now, NASA expects to begin construction of the space station in orbit in 1995 and finish in 1997. The research announcement states that NASA plans to fund four to six investigations, which will be launched aboard the space shuttle and attached to the frame of the station during assembly.
Soviets looking beyond Phobos
Authors: Maggs William Ward 
Published: October 2006

A senior Soviet space scientist revealed details of the U.S.S.R.'s ambitious Mars program at a conference last week, shedding light on that country's 20‐year plan to send a manned mission to the planet.Vasilij Moroz of the Soviet Space Research Institute in Moscow spoke August 4 at the International Astronomical Union meeting in Baltimore about the two‐spacecraft Phobos mission, now en route to Mars' larger moon after separate launches on July 7 and 12. He also provided new details about a revamped Soviet strategy for unmanned exploration of Mars. A 1992 mission has been scrapped in favor of a large, complex 1994 mission involving rovers, probes, and satellites the Soviets plan to launch on a single rocket. Moroz also gave his own views about priorities in the Soviet space program.
USS DATABASE
Authors: Langseth Marcus , Nowlin Worth 
Published: October 2006

The Fleet Improvement Committee (FIC) was established by the University National Oceanographic Laboratory System (UNOLS) Advisory Council to review the composition and operation of the seagoing fleet used by the U.S. academic research community and to recommend ways to upgrade and improve the future capability of the fleet. FIC activities include development of scientific requirements for future ships, oversight of concept and preliminary designs of these ships, review of current and future mix of ship types in the fleet with respect to envisioned scientific missions, and studies of ways to improve fleet operations. One possible improvement studied briefly by FIC concerns the advantages of computer network‐assisted scheduling of UNOLS ships.There has been long‐standing interest in developing a computer‐assisted scheduling capability for UNOLS ships. Limited experimentation has been done by some ship operators with keeping up‐to‐date lists of ship requests on computer files, and most operators are now submitting current schedules to the bulletin board SHIP.SCHED on the electronic mail system ScienceNet of Omnet.
Scientific ballooning opportunities
Authors: Peacock D. 
Published: October 2006

The National Science Foundation and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration are exploring the, possibilities of a joint balloon program in Antarctica. Over the years there have been many successful small balloons launched from Antarctica for research on topics such as meteorology, atmospheric chemistry, magnetospheric physics, and astrophysics. Recently, a large balloon (and payload) was successfully launched from McMurdo.In response to this growing interest, NSF hosted a 1‐day workshop on Scientific Ballooning in Antarctica on March 27. This was well received, as evidenced by the attendance of some 40–50 scientists. At a follow‐up meeting on June 14, 1988, attended by P. Wilkness, Division Director, Polar Programs, NSF, and S. Shawhan, Division Director, Space Physics, NASA, it was decided to solicit community input in the form of brief letters (one or two pages). Therefore if you have aspirations for balloon activities in Antarctica within the next few years, please send a brief description of your plans, including scientific objectives, time frame, launch site(s), logistical requirements, budget estimates (excluding logistics), and special needs, if any. Send this material to J . Lynch, Program Manager, Polar Atmospheric Sciences, Division of Polar Programs, National Science Foundation, 1800 G St., N.W., Washington, DC 20550. Send a copy to S. Shawhan, Director, Space Physics Division, NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC 20546.
Sharing geophysical PC software
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2006

The AGU Personal Computer Committee is organizing an event for sharing of geophysical personal computer software at the AGU Fall Meeting in San Francisco. AGU members are encouraged to donate their geotive physical PC software for sharing by other members.Each software program package should have at least:

a documentation file showing how to use the program
the executable program file
demonstration files to help users in preparing input data file(s) and see what output file(s) are generated by the program
Satellites show western fires
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2006

Plumes of smoke and bright spots of fire‐dominated satellite images of Wyoming, Montana, and Idaho from August and early September. National attention was on fires in Yellowstone National Park in the northwest corner of Wyoming. This NOAA‐9 image was acquired on September 7.The Yellowstone fires were much larger than typical forest fires in the western United States, which burn dozens to hundreds of hectares at a time. More than half of the 0.9‐million‐hectare park has been burned since the fires were started by lightning in early summer.
Congress finds OTA essential
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2006

In 1972, when the Congressional Office of Technology Assessment was set up, looking at effects of technology on policies and issues was a new and experimental idea, said James W. Curlin, Senior Associate at OTA. Curlin was speaking September 15 to the Potomac Geophysical Society in Arlington, Va., describing the concept and operation of OTA in the context of a recent study he directed on the feasibility of mining marine minerals in the U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone.“Since 1972 OTA has earned a reputation for hard‐hitting, factual and objective studies. Its role has expanded with each Congress and it is now a functional part of the Congressional process. If mimicry is the highest form of flattery, OTA should be flattered. A number of other countries have created similar organizations adapted to their forms of government—or are considering forming their own OTAs.”
NSCAT funding left to NASA
Authors: Maggs William Ward 
Published: October 2006

The Eos news article “Conference OKs Science Budgets” (August 23, 1988, p. 801) stated that a House‐Senate conference had agreed to fund the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's scatterometer at the requested and Senate‐approved Fiscal Year 1989 level of $15.7 million rather than the House‐approved level of $5.7 million. However, while the conference report did propose up to $10 million more than the House recommendation, it also said that the money would only be available if “the administrator elects to exercise the option of transferring u p to $30 million of funding from the construction of facilities account” to the research and development account, which includes NSCAT.According to NASA's William F. Townsend, NSCAT Program Manager, because of other stipulations in the conference report the ultimate source of the proposed funds for NSCAT would not be the construction of facilities account, but would be the research and program management account, which pays NASA employee salaries, not the construction of facilities account. Such a shift of funds is highly unlikely, he said, and the scatterometer will probably receive only $5.7 million for FY 1989, 64% less than the budget request.
Natural hazards society is born
Authors: El‐Sabh M. I. 
Published: October 2006

A new professional society for natural hazards is being founded. The objectives of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards (NHS) are to promote research in all aspects of natural hazards, the distribution of preparedness and emergency‐response plans for all countries, and the formulation and implementation of education programs on hazards prevention and mitigation.The founding organizational meeting was held August 17, 1988 in Ensenada, Mexico. About 100 scientists from 14 countries were at this meeting. A constitution and bylaws for the society were adopted and the following officers were elected: President, M. I. El‐Sabh, University of Quebec, Canada Vice‐president, G. Pararas‐Carayannis, International Tsunami Information Center, Honolulu, Hawaii Secretary, T. S. Murty, Institute of Ocean Sciences, Sidney, Canada Treasurer, S. Venkatesh, Atmospheric Environment Service, Downsview, Canada Representatives‐at‐Large, S. F. Farreras, CICESE, Ensenada, Mexico; S. K. Ghosh, Indian Meteorological Department, New Delhi, India; and F. S. Liu, Academic Sinica, Qindao, PRC.