bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MYCOBACTERIUM MARINUM CUTANEOUS INFECTIONS ACQUIRED FROM OCCUPATIONS AND HOBBIES
Authors: KULLAVANIJAYA PREYA , SIRIMACHAN SUPRIYA , BHUDDHAVUDHIKRAI PRECHA 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Background. Nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTB) infections are not commonly diagnosed in Thailand. The dissertation of reported cases among 10 published reports of 44 cases within 20 years revealed only six cases of cutaneous infections in which M. marinum was not included. Methods. The proven cases of M. marinum infection were studied at the Institute of Dermatology, Bangkok from 1981 to 1990. The clinical data, histopathology, tuberculin test, chest x‐ray, and treatments were recorded. Results. M. marinum skin infection accounted for 18 cases (81.8% of NTB skin infection), 10 men and 8 women. A history of preceding trauma occurred in 11 cases (61.1%), most of which were negligible wounds or minor abrasions. Twelve cases (66.7%) were in contact with organisms in their occupations and hobbies associated with fish and water exposure. Conclusions. Eighteen cases of M. marinum cutaneous infection acquired from occupations and hobbies were reported. The term “M. marinum cutaneous infection” or “M. marinum granuloma” instead of swimming pool granuloma or fish tank granuloma was proposed. According to this study, cotrimoxazole was the most appropriate drug for the treatment of M. marinum cutaneous infection.
CONCURRENT HPV‐16 INFECTION OF THE NIPPLE AND PERI ANAL AREA IN AN HIV‐1+ PATIENT
Authors: SMITH LTC KATHLEEN J. , SKELTON CDR HENRY G. , HAWKS LTC CLIFFORD , YEAGER CDR JOSEF , WAGNER KENNETH F. 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Background. In patients with HIV‐1 disease there has been an increasing association with human papilloma virus (HPV) infections in multiple locations as well as an increase in associated tumors. In addition, there has been increased recovery of HPV in individuals with decreasing T4 cell counts. Case Report. Recently we have seen an HIV‐I+ patient with a cutaneous lesion on the nipple, as well as multiple perianal lesions in which HPV‐16 was demonstrated by in‐situ hybridization. Although these lesions contained the same subtype of HPV virus, they had very different clinical and histopathologic morphologies, and this represents the first reported association of HPV‐16 in a nipple lesion. Discussion. Our patient illustrates that in HIV‐I disease, HPV infections may present in more diffuse and atypical locations. In addition, the diffuse staining with the in‐situ probe for HIV‐16 within the lesions, tends to support the findings of others, that viral recovery increases with the immune suppression induced by HIV‐I.
MULTIPLE AGMINATED PIGMENTED SPITZ NEVI (MIMICKING ACRAL LENTIGINOUS MALIGNANT MELANOMA AND DYSPLASTIC NEVUS) IN AN AFRICAN‐AMERICAN GIRL
Authors: ABRAMOVITS WILLIAM , GONZALEZ‐SERVA ALDO 
Published: May 2007

AbstractBackground. Reed's nevi are distinguished from Spitz tumors by their significant melanogenesis and growth pattern. They may be confused with melanoma on clinical and histologic grounds.Case Report. An unsual case in which multiple agminated Reed's nevi mimicked acral lentiginous malignant melanoma in an African‐American girl is presented. A critical review of the literature is presented to assist in the diagnosis.Conclusions. Awareness of this entity and of its possible clinical presentations and judicious application of conventional hematoxylin‐eosin microscopic criteria remain the most useful methods to bring the correct diagnosis in most instances. Mutilating or excessive surgery may be avoided for most cases of pigmented spindle and epithelioid cell nevus.
PERIPHERAL BLOOD LYMPHOCYTE IMBALANCE IN KOREANS WITH ACTIVE VITILIGO
Authors: HANN SEUNG KYUNG , PARK YOON‐KEE , CHUNG KEE‐YANG , KIM HYUNG IL , IM SUNGBIN , WON JIN HYUNG 
Published: May 2007

AbstractBackground. An immune‐mediated destruction of melanocytes is the most popular current theory of vitiligo. There have been a few published reports on the assessment of lymphocyte population in vitiligo, and they showed mixed results. The purpose of our investigation was to assess peripheral lymphocyte subpopulations in Koreans with actively spreading vitiligo.Methods. Fifty patients with actively spreading vitiligo and 30 normal persons were studied for peripheral blood lymphocyte imbalance using flow cytometry. The percentages of total T‐lymphocytes, B‐lymphocytes, helper T cells, suppressor T cells, and natural killer cells were evaluated with the use of CD3, CD19, CD4, CD8, and CD16 monoclonal antibodies, respectively.Results. The mean value of helper T cells showed a significant difference between the two groups with the value being 38.2% in patients and 43.5% in control subjects. Seventeen of the 50 patients showed reversed helper/suppressor T cell ratio, whereas only 1 of 30 control subjects showed reversed ratio. There was a statistically significant difference in the mean percentage of helper T cells and suppressor T cells between generalized vitiligo patients and control subjects. The percentage of B cells in patients with recent onset less than 1 year was higher than control subjects and patients with late onset. The mean percentage of natural killer cells was increased significantly in patients with negative autoantibody test.Conclusions. The present data show that immunologic abnormalities, both cellular and humoral, are involved in the pathogenesis of vitiligo.
MARGIN ASSESSMENT OF SELECTED BASAL CELL CARCINOMAS UTILIZING LASER DOPPLER VELOCIMETRY
Authors: KIRSNER ROBERT S. , HAIKEN MICHAEL , GARLAND LARRY D. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractBackground. Basal cell carcinomas (BCC) have increased vasculature, therefore, blood flow within the tumor may be greater than normal surrounding skin. We attempted to detect the difference in blood flow between the tumor and uninvolved surrounding skin utilizing laser doppler velocimetry (LDV).Methods. Ten patients with 14 BCC were studied. Using LDV, we calculated the size of the tumor based on margin assessment as predicted by the measured difference in blood flow and compared this size with the clinically predicted size and the size of the defect after Mohs micro‐graphic surgery (MMS).Results. Clinical evaluation of tumor size prior to MMS did not correlate with the size of the surgical defect after MMS; however, correlation was found between the predicted size of the tumor as determined by LDV and the defect after MMS.Conclusions. Tumor size of BCC as predicted by measured differences in blood flow using LDV correlated with the size of the surgical defect after MMS. This suggests that LDV was able to detect the difference in blood flow between the tumor and uninvolved surrounding skin.
INTRALESIONAL TREATMENT OF CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS WITH SODIUM STIBOGLUCONATE ANTIMONY
Authors: PARIS RAJAB M. , JARALLAH JAMAL S. , KHOJA TAWFIK A. , AL‐YAMANI MOHAMMAD J. 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Background. Cutaneous leishmaniasis represents a difficult disease to manage in endemic areas. Systemic treatment is hampered by both expense and compliance. Side effects may play a major role in this aspect as well. Methods. The effectiveness of intralesional treatment of leishmaniasis was investigated. Seven hundred and ten patients were treated with injections of sodium stibogluconate intralesionally. The clinical diagnosis was confirmed by demonstrating the parasite in the smears obtained from the lesion. Fine insulin needle was used to infiltrate the lesion with sodium stibogluconate (0.5 to 1.0 ml). Results. Generally eight injections were sufficient, but some of the complicated lesions needed up to 24 injections. Sixty‐two percent of patients were men. The majority of the study population (64%) were children below 15 years of age. The results showed that 72% of lesions healed completely, 23.9% showed some improvement, while 4.1% showed some deterioration. Lesions of the lips, cheeks, chin, and neck healed faster than lesions in other parts of the body. Side effects were mild and limited to pain at the site of the injection and hyperpigmentation in those who were treated by folk medicine. Conclusions. Intralesional treatment is as effective as the standard systemic antimonials. It offers a less expensive alternative and a low side effects profile. Our findings confirmed the findings of earlier workers. It is recommended for treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis in endemic areas.
NEUROPEPTIDES IN PSORIASIS: POSSIBLE ROLE OF BETA‐ENDORPHIN IN THE PATHOMECHANISM OF THE DISEASE
Authors: GLINSKI WIESLAW , BRODECKA HALINA , GLINSKA‐FERENZ MARIA , KOWALSKI DARIUSZ 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Background. An increased concentration of neuropeptides in psoriatic lesional skin may be responsible for alterations in the neurogenic erythematous response and transmission of stimuli through sensory nerve fibers (sensation of pruritus). Methods. Increasing doses of capsaicin from 0.125 to 4 μg/ cm2 were applied to nonlesional psoriatic skin to establish the minimal dose that induced the substance P‐mediated neurogenic response in 30 patients with psoriasis. Plasma beta‐endorphin was quantitated in 71 psoriatics by radioimmunoassay using NEN 1251‐RIA kit. Results. The mean beta‐endorphin concentration was increased about 2‐fold compared to normals, whereas doses of capsaicin needed to induce erythema were higher (1–4 μg/ cm2) in psoriatics (mainly in patients with type II psoriasis) than in healthy subjects (0.125–0.25 ug/cm2). Conclusions. The data indicate that increased beta‐endorphin in psoriatic skin might affect both substance P‐mediated neurogenic inflammation and transmission of sensory stimuli due to local antinociceptive effects of this opioid. The differences in the neurogenic response in type I and II psoriasis may be related to the degradation of substance P and beta‐endorphin by neutral proteinases in the lesional skin.
MONOCYTE ADHESION TO FIBRONECTIN IN PSORIASIS
Authors: REIN GLEN , ABRAHAM ANIL , RAYCHADAURI SIBA P. , WELTMAN HELENA 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Background. After vascular extravasation, mononuclear cells (MNC) undergo chemotaxis and adhesion to extracellular matrix proteins, resulting in their differentiation into macrophages. Although endothelial adhesion and chemotaxis are altered in psoriasis, MNC adhesion to extracellular matrix proteins has not been previously studied in the disease. Since MNC adhesion to endothelial cells is abnormally regulated in psoriasis by TGF‐beta, we tested they hypothesis that in psoriasis substance P also regulates the adhesion of monocytes to the extracellular matrix protein fibronectin. Methods. Monocytes from 16 normal controls and 11 psoriatic individuals were isolated and purified using a two‐step gradient centrifugation procedure. Adhesion to fibronectin was studied by plating monocyte suspensions onto fibronectin‐precoated microtiter plates. The number of adherent cells was quantified by measuring their hex‐osaminidase activity. Results. Although statistically significant differences in the basal (unstimulated) adhesion or in the substance P‐stimulated adhesion between normal control monocytes and those obtained from psoriatic individuals were not observed, a subpopulation of psoriatics was identified who responded to substance P. Furthermore, this in vitro response to substance P was correlated with the clinical status of the subpopulation which was characterized by unstable psoriasis triggered by stressful life events. Conclusions. The results of this study indicate that priming of monocytes by the extracellular matrix protein fibronectin or by elevated levels of substance P are not critical steps in the pathogenesis of stable, chronic psoriasis. Substance P may contribute to the appearance of new lesions in some individuals with unstable psoriasis.
HISTOLOGIC GRADING SYSTEM FOR PSORIASIS VULGARIS
Authors: TROZAK DANIEL J. 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Background. Psoriasis vulgaris is a disease of substantial clinical and microscopic diversity and the histologic diagnosis depends upon an aggregate of histologic criteria, some characteristic of psoriasis and others shared with other dermatoses. While involved in drug testing with micromolar concentrations of active agents on small psoriatic plaques, this grading system was developed to quantify as objectively as possible the degree of psoriatic change present at the time of biopsy. Methods. Using established references of dermatopathology and a review of the pertinent literature, the salient histologic features of psoriasis were listed and assigned value scores from 1 to 3. The highest score was given to those microscopic criteria most characteristic of the disease. The cumulative score of all features present then gives a mathematical score for each biopsy. Conclusions. This paper presents an uncomplicated mathematically weighted system of grading biopsy specimens from a disease process that shows a spectrum of microscopic features, but is often not diagnostic. The schema offers a method of grading change that can be especially important in studies of therapeutic agents.
IN VITRO EVALUATION OF GRISEOFULVIN, KETOCONAZOLE, AND ITRACONAZOLE AGAINST VARIOUS DERMATOPHYTES IN SINGAPORE
Authors: GOH CHEE‐LEOK , TAY YONG KWANG , BIN ALI KAMARUDIN , KOH MONG TECK , SEOW CHEW SWEE 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Background. Superficial cutaneous fungal infection, principally dermatophytosis, is an extremely common skin disease. Various in vitro test systems have been developed in recent years to determine the antifungal activity of various drugs. The minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) obtained may give an indication of the in vivo potency of the drugs. Methods. One hundred patients (69 men and 31 women) with a clinical diagnosis of dermatophytosis were entered into the study. Direct microscopy and culture were done on all patients. The Mies were determined using the broth dilution method. Results. The age range was 1–76 years. The most common diagnosis was tinea corporis (36%), followed by tinea cruris (22%), and tinea pedis (19%). The most common fungus isolated was T. rubrum (58%), followed by E. floccosum (14%), and T. mentagrophytes (10%).The majority of the isolates was sensitive to the three drugs tested (griseofulvin, ketoconazole, and itraconazole). Of the isolates, 82% were sensitive to griseofulvin, 78% to ketoconazole, and 81% to itraconazole, all at a concentration of < 0.25 μg/mL. For T. rubrum, there were four isolates that had an mic of 64 μg/mL to griseofulvin, seven isolates and nine isolates with an mic > 64 g/mL to ketoconazole and itraconazole, respectively. T. interdigitale was relatively resistant to the three drugs in vitro with four of seven isolates having an mic 4 μg/mL with griseofulvin, one of seven isolate with an mic 64 μg/mL with ketoconazole, and three of seven isolates with an mic 32 μg/mL with itraconazole. Conclusions. The in vitro antifungal activity of griseofulvin, ketoconazole, and itraconazole are similar against dermatophytes in Singapore. Griseofulvin may be given as the first‐line drug for treating such infections in Singapore.
ITRACONAZOLE VERSUS GRISEOFULVIN IN THE TREATMENT OF TINEA CAPITIS: A DOUBLE‐BLIND RANDOMIZED STUDY IN CHILDREN
Authors: LÓPEZ‐GÓMEZ SARA , DEL PALACIO AMALIA , VAN CUTSEM JAN , CUÉTARA MARIA SOLEDAD , IGLESIAS LUIS , RODRIGUEZ‐NORIEGA ANTONIO 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Background. Tinea capitis is a fungal infection in which topical therapy is often unsuccessful. Griseofulvin has been considered to be a first‐line therapy. Other antifungal agents are the azole derivatives. Among these, itraconazole was compared with griseofulvin in children in a double‐blind study. Patients and Methods. Thirty‐four children and one adult with clinical signs and symptoms of tinea capitis and with positive culture and microscopy for dermatophytes have been included in a double‐blind comparison between itraconazole, 100 mg daily, and ultramicronized griseofulvin, 500 mg daily. Both drugs were given for 6 consecutive weeks. The final evaluation was made 8 weeks after the end of treatment to allow the hairs to regrow. Seventeen itraconazole‐ and 15 griseofulvin‐treated patients received the complete 6‐week treatment course. Fifteen of these 17 itraconazole patients and 14 of the 15 griseofulvin patients had infections caused by Microsporum canis.Fifteen of 17 patients were cured by itraconazole (88%) and 15 of 17 patients by griseofulvin (88%). One of the patients who discontinued griseofulvin therapy after 4 weeks was clinically and mycologically cured. Two of the original 17 griseofulvin patients discontinued therapy because of vomiting. None of the itraconazole‐treated children experienced side effects. Conclusions. Itraconazole is the first azole derivate that matches griseofulvin for the treatment of tinea capitis in children. The drug also appears to be better tolerated than griseofulvin.
PAPULONECROTIC TUBERCULID SECONDARY TO DISSEMINATED MYCOBACTERIUM AVIUM COMPLEX
Authors: WILLIAMS J. TODD , PULITZER DONALD R. , DeVILLEZ RICHARD L. 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Background. Papulonecrotic tuberculid is a rarely reported cutaneous reaction to the mycobacterium bacillus. It is most often encountered in association with tuberculosis. The clinical and histologic picture of the entity is a distinctive one, but the etiology of the disease process is uncertain. Therapy directed against the causative organism is dramatically successful. Methods. A 35–year‐old white man with AIDS was referred to the Dermatology clinic for evaluation of a widespread skin eruption. The skin lesions were biopsied for histopathology and culture. From the cutaneous cultures Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) organisms were grown. Results. We report the first case of papulonecrotic tuberculid manifestation in an AIDS patient with disseminated MAC. Unusual features seen in this case include the predominance of pruritic eschars rather than asymptomatic papules and the confirmation by special stains of mycobacterium organisms within the skin biopsy. Papulonecrotic tuberculid has not been previously associated with either MAC or AIDS. Conclusions. Papulonecrotic tuberculid should be a diagnostic consideration in immunocompromised patients with MAC whose clinical and histologic features are compatible with this rare entity.
RETROLUMBAR SUBCUTANEOUS EPENDYMOMA AND GIANT BATHING‐TRUNK NEVOCELLULAR NEVUS
Authors: BOURLOND JEAN , BOURLOND ANDRE , ROUSSEAU CATHERINE 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Background. Subcutaneous ependymomas have been reported rarely in dermatologic reviews and, apparently, were never associated with other cutaneous malformations. Methods. A 60‐year‐old woman with a retrolumbar subcutaneous ependymoma and a giant bathing‐trunk nevocellular nevus submitted to thorough dermatologic and neurologic investigation. The surgical material was extensively analyzed with light and electron microscope. The literature was reviewed. Results. The tumor fits exactly the classical prerequisites of the clinical and pathologic diagnosis.In contrast with the literature, it developed at 53 years, apparently after a trauma, within a congenital giant nevocellular nevus, at the retrolumbar level; it proved unrelated to any spinal cord alteration and so far appeared quite benign. Conclusions. The observation of a retrolumbar subcutaneous ependymoma is reported with detail; this tumor exceptionally recognized by dermatologists must be included in the differential diagnosis of lumps arising in the retro‐lumbar‐retrosacral area.The most peculiar feature was its development within a giant bathing‐trunk nevocellular nevus; such a fascinating association of two neurectodermal defects, as far as known, is presented for the first time.
THE PERFECT STATE OE TRICHOPHYTON VIOLACEUM
Authors: TAHA MOHAMED , AMER MOHAMED , SALEM AHMED , HARRAS MONA EL 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Background. Trichophyton violaceum is the most common etiologic agent causing dermatophytosis in Egypt. This report deals with attempts to produce the perfect state of T. violaceum that may play a role in the epidemiology of T. violaceum. Materials and Methods. Ten strains of T. violaceum were inoculated on hair soil culture and on rice agar media. Results. Cultures on hair soil media failed to produce the ascogenous form of the fungus, but after 6 weeks of culture on rice agar media, fertile cleistothecium were seen and 2 weeks later separate asci appeared. Conclusion. This is the first report on the production of the perfect (sexual) state of T. violaceum. Details of the ascogenous form of this dermatophyte should be studied in the future.
TREATMENT OE A RECURRENT KERATOACANTHOMA WITH ORAL ISOTRETINOIN
Authors: WONG WINONA Y.L. , KOLBUSZ ROBERT V. , GOLDBERG LEONARD H. , GUANA ADRIANA 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Background. Keratoacanthoma is a benign epithelial tumor that occurs on the sun‐exposed skin of elderly people. Development of KAS on functionally and cosmetically important areas such as the face poses the therapeutic challenge to minimize functional and cosmetic damage. Oral isotretinoin (Accutane, Roche Laboratories) has been reported to be an effective treatment of multiple as well as solitary keratoacanthomas. Case Report. A 45‐year‐old man with a large keratoacanthoma on the nasal ala, recurrent after surgical excision, was treated with 1 mg/kg/day (80 mg/day) oral isotretinoin (Accutane). Cessation of tumor progression was evident within 1 week after initiation of therapy, and tumor regression was evident within 2 weeks. Tumor size diminished rapidly over the ensuing weeks and complete resolution at 12 weeks was confirmed by biopsy. Conclusion. An initial trial of oral isotretinoin is an alternative to immediate surgical excision for the treatment of large keratoacanthomas in instances when tumor removal would cause considerable cosmetic deformity.
CLINICAL STUDY OF A NEW PREPARATION OF 8‐METHOXYPSORALEN IN PHOTOCHEMOTHERAPY
Authors: EL‐MOFTY ABDEL MONEM , ELSAWALHY HUSSEIN , EL‐MOFTY MEDHAT 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Background. Oral 8‐methoxypsoralen is the drug of choice In photochemotherapy of several dermatoses, e.g., vitiligo and psoriasis. The aim of this trial is to produce a new preparation of the drug, which is able to overcome the difficulties met with the oral use of the older preparations. Methods. A new preparation containing ultramicronized methoxypsoralen (8‐MOP) in 10 mg capsules was tried in an open trial. The trial included 53 patients (15 psoriasis, 26 vitiligo, and 12 tinea versicolor). Light testing showed that the strongest erythema appeared 30 minutes after ingesting the capsules. Patients were exposed to UVA after that period. Laboratory studies were also performed using high performance liquid chromatography to assay the serum concentrations of the drug on normal individuals. Results. Thirteen of the 15 psoriasis patients (87%) showed an excellent response (a remission) after 30 sittings. Twenty‐two of the 26 vitiligo patients (85%) showed an excellent response (acceptable repigmentation) after 70 sittings. The 12 patients with tinea versicolor (100%) showed complete repigmentation after 12 sittings. The laboratory studies showed the optimum time to be between 35 to 55 minutes, verifying the clinical observation. Conclusions. The therapeutic effective dose was found to be 0.25 mg/kg. This new preparation of 8‐MOP proved to be well tolerated by the patients, causing no epigastric discomfort, nausea, or vomiting, overcoming the biggest obstacle of oral 8‐MOP therapy. It was also well tolerated by patients known to be sensitive to oral and/or topical 8‐MOP therapy.