bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Social capital in the management of breast cancer in Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Adejoh Samuel Ojima , Osazuwa Peter , Oyelowo Oluwakemi Tinuolaoluwa , Odey Maria Oyalowo , Tade Titi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPurposeBreast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide, necessitating substantial social support during diagnosis and treatment. This study examines the role of social capital in breast cancer management, focusing on the experiences of patients.ObjectivesThe objective of the study was to explore the role of social capital in breast cancer management among women living with breast cancer in Lagos, Nigeria.MethodsUsing a qualitative design, the study recruited 23 women with breast cancer receiving treatment at a teaching hospital in Lagos, Nigeria. Data were content analyzed to identify themes related to social capital.ResultsThe study found that social capital, crucial for breast cancer patients’ emotional and instrumental support, stems from various sources such as relatives, immediate family, spouses, places of worship, friends, and neighbors. Effective coping and management of the condition were facilitated through this support network. However, assistance from places of worship, friends, and neighbors was only accessible to those who openly acknowledged their health conditions and had established connections with these social groups. Relationships led to support only when there was a disclosure of the health condition.Significance of results(1) This finding reinforces the importance of integrating social support mechanisms including family, friends, and community networks into breast cancer management programs. (2) The study identifies diverse sources of social capital, including relatives, family, spouses, places of worship, friends, and neighbors, stressing the need for tailored support networks. (3) Research reveals the link between health condition disclosure and support accessibility from groups like places of worship and friends, and it emphasizes creating stigma-free environments for patients to disclose health status comfortably. (4) The study highlights family involvement in breast cancer management as crucial for effective coping. Healthcare professionals should prioritize interventions strengthening family support systems. (5) Findings of stress community support for better breast cancer outcomes, advocating for initiatives like support groups and awareness campaigns to boost social capital and aid affected individuals.ConclusionThe study emphasizes the significance of involving family members in the breast cancer management process and highlights the need for support systems within families and communities to facilitate better outcomes for breast cancer patients.
LPCAT2 inhibits colorectal cancer progression via the PRMT1/SLC7A11 axis
Authors: Cao Nan , Zhang Fangmei , Yin Jiang , Zhang Jianlei , Bian Xiqing , Zheng Guopei , Li Nan , Lin Ying , Luo Liyun 
Published: April 2024

AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) has a high degree of heterogeneity and identifying the genetic information of individual tumor cells could help enhance our understanding of tumor biology and uncover potential therapeutic targets for CRC. In this study, we identified LPCAT2+ tumor cell populations with less malignancy than LPCAT2- tumor cells in human and mouse CRC tissues using scRNA-seq. Combining in vitro and in vivo experiments, we found that LPCAT2 could inhibit the proliferation of CRC cells by inducing ferroptosis. Mechanistically, LPCAT2 arrested PRMT1 in cytoplasm of CRC cells via regulating acetylation of PRMT1 at the K145 site. In turn, PRMT1 enhanced SLC7A11 promoter activity. Thus, LPCAT2 attenuated the positive regulatory effect of PRMT1 on SLC7A11 promoter. Notably, SLC7A11 acts as a ferroptosis regulator. Furthermore, in LPCAT2 knockout mice (LPCAT2−/−) colon cancer model, we found that LPCAT2−/− mice exhibited more severe lesions, while PRMT1 or SLC7A11 inhibitors delayed the progression. Altogether, we elucidated that LPCAT2 suppresses SLC7A11 expression by inhibiting PRMT1 nuclear translocation, thereby inducing ferroptosis in CRC cells. Moreover, inhibitors of the PRMT1/SLC7A11 axis could delay tumor progression in CRC with low LPCAT2 expression, making it a potentially effective treatment for CRC.
Facilitators and barriers to asylum seeker and refugee oral health care access: a qualitative systematic review
Authors: Wainman Nathan E. , Phillips Olivia R. , Morling Joanne R. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectives Asylum seekers and refugees (ASRs) encounter barriers when accessing oral health care (OHC). A qualitative systematic review was conducted to understand the perceptions, attitudes, behaviours and experiences of ASRs regarding their OHC. Themes were extracted to identify the barriers and facilitators ASRs face when accessing OHC.Data sources PubMed, APA PsycInfo, Cochrane Database, Web of Science and CINAHL were searched on 4 and 5 October 2022.Data selection Primary studies including ASRs of any age or nationality were included. Qualitative data of ASRs' lived experiences of oral health (OH) and accessing OHC were extracted. The Critical Appraisal Skills Programme quality appraisal tool was applied.Data synthesis Data findings were extracted and meta-aggregation performed using inductive reasoning. A total of 13 primary qualitative studies were included. Three barriers were identified, including difficulty accessing treatments and appointments, cultural and language changes, and ASRs' lack of OHC knowledge or incongruous beliefs surrounding OH. Two facilitators were identified as good OH education and support from care providers or government.Conclusions Decision-makers should adapt policy to facilitate access to OHC and educate ASRs on OH. More research is needed to understand the barriers and facilitators to OHC for other people groups who experience health inequalities.
Cell death dependent on holins LrgAB repressed by a novel ArsR family regulator CdsR
Authors: Zhang Xin , Chen Yuhan , Yan Tinglu , Wang Hengjie , Zhang Ruibin , Xu Yanrong , Hou Yujia , Peng Qi , Song Fuping 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe cell death and survival paradox in various biological processes requires clarification. While spore development causes maternal cell death in Bacillus species, the involvement of other cell death pathways in sporulation remains unknown. Here, we identified a novel ArsR family transcriptional regulator, CdsR, and found that the deletion of its encoding gene cdsR causes cell lysis and inhibits sporulation. To our knowledge, this is the first report of an ArsR family transcriptional regulator governing cell death. We found that CdsR directly repressed lrgAB expression. Furthermore, lrgAB overexpression resulted in cell lysis without sporulation, akin to the cdsR mutant, suggesting that LrgAB, a holin-like protein, induces cell death in Bacillus spp. The lrgAB mutation increases abnormal cell numbers during spore development. In conclusion, we propose that a novel repressor is vital for inhibiting LrgAB-dependent cell lysis.
Gene pool preservation across time and space In Mongolian-speaking Oirats
Authors: Balinova Natalia , Hudjašov Georgi , Pankratov Vasili , Pennarun Erwan , Reidla Maere , Metspalu Ene , Batyrov Valery , Khomyakova Irina , Reisberg Tuuli , Parik Jüri , Dzhaubermezov Murat , Aiyzhy Elena , Balinova Altana , El’chinova Galina , Spitsyna Nailya , Khusnutdinova Elza , Metspalu Mait , Tambets Kristiina , Villems Richard , Kushniarevich Alena 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe Oirats are a group of Mongolian-speaking peoples residing in Russia, China, and Mongolia, who speak Oirat dialects of the Mongolian language. Migrations of nomadic ethnopolitical formations of the Oirats across the Eurasian Steppe during the Late Middle Ages/early Modern times resulted in a wide geographic spread of Oirat ethnic groups from present-day northwestern China in East Asia to the Lower Volga region in Eastern Europe. In this study, we generate new genome-wide and mitochondrial DNA data for present-day Oirat-speaking populations from Kalmykia in Eastern Europe, Western Mongolia, and the Xinjiang region of China, as well as Issyk-Kul Sart-Kalmaks from Central Asia, and historically related ethnic groups from Altai, Tuva, and Northern Mongolia to study the genetic structure and history of the Oirats. Despite their spatial and temporal separation, small current population census, both the Kalmyks of Eastern Europe and the Oirats of Western Mongolia in East Asia are characterized by strong genetic similarity, high effective population size, and low levels of interpopulation structure. This contrasts the fine genetic structure observed today at a smaller geographic scale in traditionally sedentary populations, and is conditioned by high mobility and marriage practices (traditional strict exogamy) in nomadic groups. Conversely, the genetic profile of the Issyk-Kul Sart-Kalmaks suggests a distinct source(s) of genetic ancestry, along with indications of isolation and genetic drift compared to other Oirats. Our results also show that there was limited gene flow between the ancestors of the Oirats and the Altaians during the late Middle Ages.
Evaluation of 100 Dutch cases with 16p11.2 deletion and duplication syndromes; from clinical manifestations towards personalized treatment options
Authors: Vos Niels , Kleinendorst Lotte , van der Laan Liselot , van Uhm Jorrit , Jansen Philip R. , van Eeghen Agnies M. , Maas Saskia M. , Mannens Marcel M.A.M. , van Haelst Mieke M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe 16p11.2 deletion syndrome is a clinically heterogeneous disorder, characterized by developmental delay, intellectual disability, hyperphagia, obesity, macrocephaly and psychiatric problems. Cases with 16p11.2 duplication syndrome have similar neurodevelopmental problems, but typically show a partial ‘mirror phenotype’ with underweight and microcephaly. Various copy number variants (CNVs) of the chromosomal 16p11.2 region have been described. Most is known about the ‘typical’ 16p11.2 BP4-BP5 (29.6–30.2 Mb; ~600 kb) deletions and duplications, but there are also several published cohorts with more distal 16p11.2 BP2-BP3 CNVs (28.8–29.0 Mb; ~220 kb), who exhibit clinical overlap. We assessed 100 cases with various pathogenic 16p11.2 CNVs and compared their clinical characteristics to provide more clear genotype-phenotype correlations and raise awareness of the different 16p11.2 CNVs. Neurodevelopmental and weight issues were reported in the majority of cases. Cases with distal 16p11.2 BP2-BP3 deletion showed the most severe obesity phenotype (73.7% obesity, mean BMI SDS 3.2). In addition to the more well defined typical 16p11.2 BP4-BP5 and distal 16p11.2 BP2-BP3 CNVs, we describe the clinical features of five cases with other, overlapping, 16p11.2 CNVs in more detail. Interestingly, four cases had a second genetic diagnosis and 18 cases an additional gene variant of uncertain significance, that could potentially help explain the cases’ phenotypes. In conclusion, we provide an overview of our Dutch cohort of cases with various pathogenic 16p11.2 CNVs and relevant second genetic findings, that can aid in adequately recognizing, diagnosing and counseling of individuals with 16p11.2 CNVs, and describe the personalized medicine for cases with these conditions.
Room-temperature quantum emission from interface excitons in mixed-dimensional heterostructures
Authors: Fang N. , Chang Y. R. , Fujii S. , Yamashita D. , Maruyama M. , Gao Y. , Fong C. F. , Kozawa D. , Otsuka K. , Nagashio K. , Okada S. , Kato Y. K. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe development of van der Waals heterostructures has introduced unconventional phenomena that emerge at atomically precise interfaces. For example, interlayer excitons in two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides show intriguing optical properties at low temperatures. Here we report on room-temperature observation of interface excitons in mixed-dimensional heterostructures consisting of two-dimensional tungsten diselenide and one-dimensional carbon nanotubes. Bright emission peaks originating from the interface are identified, spanning a broad energy range within the telecommunication wavelengths. The effect of band alignment is investigated by systematically varying the nanotube bandgap, and we assign the new peaks to interface excitons as they only appear in type-II heterostructures. Room-temperature localization of low-energy interface excitons is indicated by extended lifetimes as well as small excitation saturation powers, and photon correlation measurements confirm antibunching. With mixed-dimensional van der Waals heterostructures where band alignment can be engineered, new opportunities for quantum photonics are envisioned.
Multiscale architecture design of 3D printed biodegradable Zn-based porous scaffolds for immunomodulatory osteogenesis
Authors: Li Shuang , Yang Hongtao , Qu Xinhua , Qin Yu , Liu Aobo , Bao Guo , Huang He , Sun Chaoyang , Dai Jiabao , Tan Junlong , Shi Jiahui , Guan Yan , Pan Wei , Gu Xuenan , Jia Bo , Wen Peng , Wang Xiaogang , Zheng Yufeng 
Published: April 2024

AbstractReconciling the dilemma between rapid degradation and overdose toxicity is challenging in biodegradable materials when shifting from bulk to porous materials. Here, we achieve significant bone ingrowth into Zn-based porous scaffolds with 90% porosity via osteoinmunomodulation. At microscale, an alloy incorporating 0.8 wt% Li is employed to create a eutectoid lamellar structure featuring the LiZn4 and Zn phases. This microstructure optimally balances high strength with immunomodulation effects. At mesoscale, surface pattern with nanoscale roughness facilitates filopodia formation and macrophage spreading. At macroscale, the isotropic minimal surface G unit exhibits a proper degradation rate with more uniform feature compared to the anisotropic BCC unit. In vivo, the G scaffold demonstrates a heightened efficiency in promoting macrophage polarization toward an anti-inflammatory phenotype, subsequently leading to significantly elevated osteogenic markers, increased collagen deposition, and enhanced new bone formation. In vitro, transcriptomic analysis reveals the activation of JAK/STAT pathways in macrophages via up regulating the expression of Il-4, Il-10, subsequently promoting osteogenesis.
Protein disulfide isomerase cleaves allosteric disulfides in histidine-rich glycoprotein to regulate thrombosis
Authors: Lv Keyu , Chen Shuai , Xu Xulin , Chiu Joyce , Wang Haoqing J. , Han Yunyun , Yang Xiaodan , Bowley Sheryl R. , Wang Hao , Tang Zhaoming , Tang Ning , Yang Aizhen , Yang Shuofei , Wang Jinyu , Jin Si , Wu Yi , Schmaier Alvin H. , Ju Lining A. , Hogg Philip J. , Fang Chao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe essence of difference between hemostasis and thrombosis is that the clotting reaction is a highly fine-tuned process. Vascular protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) represents a critical mechanism regulating the functions of hemostatic proteins. Herein we show that histidine-rich glycoprotein (HRG) is a substrate of PDI. Reduction of HRG by PDI enhances the procoagulant and anticoagulant activities of HRG by neutralization of endothelial heparan sulfate (HS) and inhibition of factor XII (FXIIa) activity, respectively. Murine HRG deficiency (Hrg−/−) leads to delayed onset but enhanced formation of thrombus compared to WT. However, in the combined FXII deficiency (F12−/−) and HRG deficiency (by siRNA or Hrg−/−), there is further thrombosis reduction compared to F12−/− alone, confirming HRG’s procoagulant activity independent of FXIIa. Mutation of target disulfides of PDI leads to a gain-of-function mutant of HRG that promotes its activities during coagulation. Thus, PDI-HRG pathway fine-tunes thrombosis by promoting its rapid initiation via neutralization of HS and preventing excessive propagation via inhibition of FXIIa.
Rationally designed probiotics prevent shrimp white feces syndrome via the probiotics–gut microbiome–immunity axis
Authors: Sha Haonan , Lu Jiaqi , Chen Jiong , Xiong Jinbo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIncreasing evidence infers that some complex diseases are attributed to co-infection with multiple pathogens, such as shrimp white feces syndrome (WFS); however, there is a lack of experimental evidence to validate such causal link. This deficiency further impedes rational design of probiotics to elicit desired benefits to shrimp WFS resistance. Herein, we validated the causal roles of Vibrio fluvialis, V. coralliilyticus and V. tubiashii (in a ratio of 7:2:1) in shrimp WFS etiology, which fully satisfied Koch’s postulates. Correspondingly, we precisely designed four antagonistic strains: Ruegeria lacuscaerulensis, Nioella nitratireducens, Bacillus subtilis and Streptomyces euryhalinus in a ratio of 4:3:2:1, which efficiently guarded against WFS. Dietary supplementation of the probiotics stimulated beneficial gut populations, streptomycin, short chain fatty acids, taurine metabolism potentials, network stability, tight junction, and host selection, while reducing turnover rate and average variation degree of gut microbiota, thereby facilitating ecological and mechanical barriers against pathogens. Additionally, shrimp immune pathways, such as Fcγ R-mediated phagocytosis, Toll-like receptor and RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathways conferring immune barrier, were activated by probiotics supplementation. Collectively, we establish an updated framework for precisely validating co-infection with multiple pathogens and rationally designing antagonistic probiotics. Furthermore, our findings uncover the underlying beneficial mechanisms of designed probiotics from the probiotics–gut microbiome–host immunity axis.
Enhancing watershed management through adaptive source apportionment under a changing environment
Authors: Wang Wenzhuo , Liu Guowangcheng , Zhang Yuhan , Wang Mingjing , Pan Yan , Meng Xinyi , Xiong Junfeng , Shen Zhenyao , Chen Lei 
Published: April 2024

AbstractEffective watershed management hinges on understanding water sources and pollution origins. In the Hangbu Watershed of Chaohu Lake, China, we analyze pollution source patterns and propose an adaptive strategy. This adaptive strategy is defined as a flexible and dynamic approach that adjusts management practices and policies in response to evolving environmental conditions and emerging data on pollution sources. The analysis includes examining the trends, periodicity, and mutagenicity of pollution sources. The results demonstrated substantial variations in sources, with nitrogen and phosphorus. The adaptive approach enables prioritizing crucial pollution sources, with farmland identified as a significant contributor under varying conditions. Specific pollution sources with growth trends and control robustness have been recognized as vital contributors, even though their contributions to the nitrogen and phosphorus flux at the watershed outlets may not be the most prominent. The results of this study could guide the sustainable management of watersheds.
A CRISPRi/a screening platform to study cellular nutrient transport in diverse microenvironments
Authors: Chidley Christopher , Darnell Alicia M. , Gaudio Benjamin L. , Lien Evan C. , Barbeau Anna M. , Vander Heiden Matthew G. , Sorger Peter K. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBlocking the import of nutrients essential for cancer cell proliferation represents a therapeutic opportunity, but it is unclear which transporters to target. Here we report a CRISPR interference/activation screening platform to systematically interrogate the contribution of nutrient transporters to support cancer cell proliferation in environments ranging from standard culture media to tumours. We applied this platform to identify the transporters of amino acids in leukaemia cells and found that amino acid transport involves high bidirectional flux dependent on the microenvironment composition. While investigating the role of transporters in cystine starved cells, we uncovered a role for serotonin uptake in preventing ferroptosis. Finally, we identified transporters essential for cell proliferation in subcutaneous tumours and found that levels of glucose and amino acids can restrain proliferation in that environment. This study establishes a framework for systematically identifying critical cellular nutrient transporters, characterizing their function and exploring how the tumour microenvironment impacts cancer metabolism.
Feasibility of functional precision medicine for guiding treatment of relapsed or refractory pediatric cancers
Authors: Acanda De La Rocha Arlet M. , Berlow Noah E. , Fader Maggie , Coats Ebony R. , Saghira Cima , Espinal Paula S. , Galano Jeanette , Khatib Ziad , Abdella Haneen , Maher Ossama M. , Vorontsova Yana , Andrade-Feraud Cristina M. , Daccache Aimee , Jacome Alexa , Reis Victoria , Holcomb Baylee , Ghurani Yasmin , Rimblas Lilliam , Guilarte Tomás R. , Hu Nan , Salyakina Daria , Azzam Diana J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractChildren with rare, relapsed or refractory cancers often face limited treatment options, and few predictive biomarkers are available that can enable personalized treatment recommendations. The implementation of functional precision medicine (FPM), which combines genomic profiling with drug sensitivity testing (DST) of patient-derived tumor cells, has potential to identify treatment options when standard-of-care is exhausted. The goal of this prospective observational study was to generate FPM data for pediatric patients with relapsed or refractory cancer. The primary objective was to determine the feasibility of returning FPM-based treatment recommendations in real time to the FPM tumor board (FPMTB) within a clinically actionable timeframe (<4 weeks). The secondary objective was to assess clinical outcomes from patients enrolled in the study. Twenty-five patients with relapsed or refractory solid and hematological cancers were enrolled; 21 patients underwent DST and 20 also completed genomic profiling. Median turnaround times for DST and genomics were within 10 days and 27 days, respectively. Treatment recommendations were made for 19 patients (76%), of whom 14 received therapeutic interventions. Six patients received subsequent FPM-guided treatments. Among these patients, five (83%) experienced a greater than 1.3-fold improvement in progression-free survival associated with their FPM-guided therapy relative to their previous therapy, and demonstrated a significant increase in progression-free survival and objective response rate compared to those of eight non-guided patients. The findings from our proof-of-principle study illustrate the potential for FPM to positively impact clinical care for pediatric and adolescent patients with relapsed or refractory cancers and warrant further validation in large prospective studies. ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT03860376.