bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Failure assessment of eccentric circular holes under compressive loading
Authors: Ferrian Francesco , Sapora Alberto , Estevez Rafael , Doitrand Aurélien 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The present work aims to investigate the failure size effect on flattened disks containing an eccentric circular hole under mode I loading conditions. For this purpose, uniaxial compression tests are carried out on polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) samples with holes. Depending on the hole radius and eccentricity, the energy release rate is either an increasing or decreasing function of the crack length, thus affecting the stability of crack propagation. Experimental results are interpreted and discussed through the coupled stress and energy criterion of Finite Fracture Mechanics. The approach lies on the assumption of a finite crack advance and it is implemented through the numerical estimation of the stress field and the Incremental Energy Release Rate functions. Finally, stability and crack speed propagation are discussed under the assumption of Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics. Theoretical predictions reveal in agreement with experimental results thus demonstrating that the Coupled Criterion effectively captures the failure condition.
An automated Android exploratory testing based on code evolution coverage
Authors: Oliveira Marlom , Mota Alexandre , Reis Jacinto 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Testers face challenges to have their test suites up-to-update related to the application source code evolution to be tested. These challenges are greater in a global distributed software development context. The growing daily testing demand also makes difficult the maintenance of such suites. These test suites are also continuously automated to save the time of human testers, but they require maintenance as well. Exploratory testing comes as a trade-off between test case maintenance and human expertise and flexibility. Unfortunately, it is a manual task in general. In this work, we specifically designed a strategy called AETing, which automatically performs screen navigations and Monkey testing aiming to maximize coverage of code changes evolution between two versions of a given Android application. We developed and evaluated our approach in a real testing operation environment related to Motorola Mobility, through an agreement between CIn-UFPE and this company supported by the Informatics Law. The evaluation consisted of testing four different Motorola Android applications. Through the evaluation, we obtained promising results concerning the comparison between AETing and expert exploratory testers’ code coverage. We discuss in detail how AETing works and the results achieved.
Spatial heterogeneity of viral communities across the gastrointestinal tracts of ruminants
Authors: Wang Min 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) microbiome of ruminants significantly influences their nutrition metabolism and health. Current understanding is extensive for bacterial and archaeal communities, but limited for viral communities within the GIT. To address this, we created the Ruminant Gastrointestinal Virome Catalogue (RGVC), which includes 43,981 non-redundant viral Operational Taxonomic Units (vOTUs), with 89.3% newly identified, derived from 370 samples across 10 GIT regions in seven ruminant species. The composition of viral communities is mainly influenced by the GIT regions rather than by the ruminant species. We identified 4,603 putative prokaryotic hosts across 31 bacterial and three archaeal classes for 5,954 viruses, along with significant variations across GIT regions and a strong correlation between hosts and their associated viruses. Lysogeny, constituting 45.6% of survival strategies, was more prevalent than the lytic cycle (4.08%), and the abundances of these viruses varied regionally. The lysogenic viruses encoded 1,805 auxiliary metabolic genes (AMGs) that play key roles in carbohydrates, amino acids, and other metabolisms in their hosts. The variation in AMG abundance across regions highlights the distinct viral communities and the varied virus-host interactions within the GIT. Overall, this study offers a comprehensive view of the spatial heterogeneity of viral communities in the ruminant GIT and indicates that this diversity is driven by the interaction of lysogenic viruses with their prokaryotic hosts through AMGs. These findings set the stage for future research into the ecological and nutritional impacts of the ruminant virome, with the potential to uncover novel roles and mechanisms in various GIT regions.
Prediction of optical properties of uniaxial hyperbolic nanospheres via artificial neural network
Authors: Edward Arumona , Johnson Austin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In this study, absorption and scattering multilayer perceptron models are developed and validated for the prediction of the optical spectra of uniaxial hyperbolic nanospheres. The finite difference time domain method is used to generate the dataset of the absorption and scattering optical spectra. The models' optimal performance is achieved for 5 hidden layers and 80 neurons for the absorption and the same hidden layers with 120 neurons for the scattering. The predictions by the model on the test dataset give a low aggregate mean squared error of 0.000145 for the absorption and 0.00071 for the scattering. We also performed a robustness test by using parameters outside the initial parameters used for the training and the predictions are in good agreement with the actual datasets for both absorption and scattering. This research shows the application of artificial neural network to predict the optical properties of hyperbolic materials and lay a groundwork for developing more complicated neural network models in predicting complex phenomena in hyperbolic metamaterials which are faster and computationally less expensive than using conventional simulation methods.
Mast Cells density in relation to recurrency, lymphovascular Invasion and MCPyV status in Human Merkel Cell Carcinoma: a descriptive study with prognostic implications
Authors: Cazzato Gerardo , Tamma Roberto , Fanelli Margherita , Colagrande Anna , Marzullo Andrea , Cascardi Eliano , Trilli Irma , Lorusso Loredana , Lettini Teresa , Ingravallo Giuseppe , Ribatti Domenico 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare, highly aggressive, primitive neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin, the origin of which is not yet fully understood. Numerous independent prognostic factors have been investigated in an attempt to understand which are the most important parameters to indicate in the histological diagnostic report of MCC. Of these, mast cells have only been studied in one paper before this one. We present a retrospective descriptive study of 13 cases of MCC, received at the Department of Pathology over a 20-year period (2003–2023 inclusive) on which we performed a study using whole-slide (WSI) morphometric analysis scanning platform Aperio Scanscope CS for the detection and spatial distribution of mast cells, using monoclonal anti-Tryptase antibody and anti-CD34 monoclonal antibody to study the density of microvessels. Furthermore, we performed immunohistochemical reactions for MCPyV to split the study cohort of MCC in related and not-related to MCPyV. We found a statistically significant relationship between mast cell density in samples from patients who had experienced local recurrence/distant metastasis or death from MCC and patients who at follow-up (24 months) had shown no recurrence of disease (7.35 vs 2.5; p = 0.008). Regarding MCPyV status, we described for the first time (to the best of our knowledge) that MCPyV-negative MCC have more density of mast cells respect to MCPyV-positive MCC that are known to behave in less aggressive fashion. Conversely, no significant difference was observed between the median vascular density observed on excisional biopsy of patients experiencing recurrence or metastasis and the median observed on excisional biopsy of patients without recurrence (5.3 vs 1.7; p = 0.18). This paper, despite the sample size (n = 13), supports the inclusion of a semi-quantitative analysis of mast cell distribution and density in the histopathological report of MCC.
Reporting the Anti-neuroinflammatory Potential of Selected Spondias mombin Flavonoids through Network Pharmacology and Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Authors: Olanrewaju John A. , Arietarhire Leviticus O. , Soremekun Oladimeji E. , Olugbogi Ezekiel A. , Aribisala Precious O. , Alege Pelumi E. , Adeleke Stephen O. , Afolabi Toluwanimi O. , Sodipo Abayomi O. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Introduction: Neuroinflammation plays a pivotal role in the development and progression of neurodegenerative diseases, with a complex interplay between immune responses and brain activity. Understanding this interaction is crucial for identifying therapeutic targets and developing effective treatments.
Aim: This study aimed to explore the neuroprotective properties of flavonoid compounds from Spondias mombin against neuroinflammation using a comprehensive in-silico approach, including network pharmacology, molecular docking, and dynamic simulations.
Materials & Methods: Active flavonoid ingredients from S. mombin were identified, and their potential protein targets were predicted through Network Pharmacology. Molecular docking was conducted to determine the binding affinities of these compounds to cyclooxygenase-2 and FYN kinase, prioritizing docking scores ≥ -8.0 kcal/mol. Molecular dynamic simulations (MDS) assessed the stability and interaction profiles of these ligand-protein complexes.
Results: The docking studies highlighted cyclooxygenase-2 and FYN kinase as significant targets, with catechin and epicatechin displaying specificity towards FYN. However, these compounds failed the blood-brain barrier permeability test. MDS confirmed the stability of catechin and a reference ligand at the FYN active site, with notable interactions involving hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic contacts, and water bridges. GLU54 emerged as a key residue in the catechin-FYN complex due to its prolonged hydrogen bond interaction stability.
Conclusion: The findings underscore the potential of S. mombin flavonoids as therapeutic agents against neuroinflammation, though optimization and nanotechnology-based delivery methods are suggested to enhance drug efficacy and overcome blood-brain barrier limitations.
Groundwater Quality for drinking purposes at Khairpur Juso, Taluka Larkana Pakistan
Authors: Aghani Faraz Ali 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The significance of potable water for sustaining life is unequivocal. However, the global scenario depicts a concerning decline in the quality of drinking water worldwide. Consequently, this study was undertaken to assess the suitability of Khairpur Juso water in Larkana for potable purposes. A total of eighteen (18) samples were collected from diverse locations and subjected to laboratory analysis at the Technical College in Larkana. The investigation encompassed the evaluation of various water quality parameters including calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), total hardness (TH), total dissolved solids (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC), nitrite (NO2), nitrate (NO3), pH, color, and odor for each sample. Standard methodologies were adhered to for the assessment of water quality. The findings revealed that the concentration of several physicochemical parameters in the groundwater of Khairpur Juso exceeded permissible limits. Notably, only the pH levels were within acceptable ranges. Specifically, 55% of the samples exhibited chloride concentrations surpassing the limits set by the World Health Organization (WHO). Additionally, levels of total hardness (TH), total dissolved solids (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sulfate (SO4), nitrite (NO2), nitrate (NO3), and zinc (Zn) exceeded the recommended thresholds in 67%, 92%, 92%, 92%, 29%, 37%, and 18% of groundwater samples, respectively. Furthermore, the taste was reported as bitter in more than 67% of the water samples.
In summation, the findings suggest that the water in Khairpur Juso is contaminated and not suitable for consumption.
Modeling Urban Growth Based on Transport and Accessibility Changes in Kurunegala
Authors: Hasan Farasath 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This research uses spatial modeling techniques to assess how urbanization is affected by transportation and accessibility in Kurunegala. It has been built on an approach to simulate urban growth patterns by examining a wide range of variables, such as land use, excluded areas from development, slope, and road network. The findings indicate that improvements in transportation and ease of access have a major bearing on urban development, especially in regions with higher population density and economic activity. The level of urbanization considering road influence is 6.78%, and when it is not considered it is 13.13%. The study used a CA model for comparing and contrasting the simulated results with the Agent-based (Net Logo) modeling outputs. The results generated from the CA-Python simulation, the level of urbanization was obtained as 11.12% and the results are quite similar when it is not considering the road-influenced growth. Accordingly, when road influence growth is considered, less urban dissemination can be observed and the results can be emphasized using the CA model. The model validation of the derived results was done using the urbanization level and the comparison of the level of urban area expansion. The validation of the CA-Python results was done using the same model itself.
Enhancing Unsupervised Signature Verification through Advanced Feature Extraction Techniques
Authors: Tetteh Michael Laryea , Sarfo Opoku Yaw , Dodoo Albert Ankomah , Amissah Daniel Kwame , Soli Michael Agbo Tettey , Appati Justice Kwame 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This study delves into unsupervised handwritten signature verification, aiming to develop effective techniques without relying on labeled data. To address the challenge of limited training data, the researchers creatively employ an extensive artificially generated dataset containing signatures from over 3,000 unique individuals. The primary objective is to explore the potential of Extreme Learning Machines (ELMs) in offline signature verification, leveraging innovative unsupervised methodologies. The methodology involves several steps, including the generation of high-quality signature images, extraction of local features using a sliding window technique, and utilization of deep learning principles to train a comprehensive ELM model. The final image prediction is obtained by aggregating predictions made on local features, followed by thorough performance evaluation and assessment of practical applicability. Through meticulous methodology and rigorous evaluation, this study demonstrates a novel approach to unsupervised handwritten signature verification. By showcasing the efficacy of utilizing artificial datasets and ELMs, the research provides valuable insights for advancing signature verification systems, with potential implications for enhancing security measures across various domains.
Systematic review on published studies on Matrabasti as an Ayurvedic intervention in Udavartini Yonivyapad (Primary Dysmenorrhea)
Authors: Srushti Susarla  , Anupama V  
Published: April 2024

Objectives: Udavartini Yonivyapad (Primary Dysmenorrhea) a prevalent condition characterized by severe menstrual pain, has been addressed through various treatment modalities. This review aims to provide an updated perspective on the use of Matrabasti as an Ayurvedic intervention for Primary Dysmenorrhea. Methods: This study systematically reviewed thirteen published research studies on Matrabasti as an intervention for Udavartini Yonivyapad (Primary Dysmenorrhea), following PRISMA[3] guidelines. Searches were conducted on databases including Pubmed, Google Scholar, Cochrane library, DHARA, AYUSH Portal & Scopus, encompassing literature published in English language. A detailed analysis and exploration was made of the strengths, limitations, implications, and future research directions of the summarized studies. Results: These studies include 3 RCTs, 3 single group studies, and 7 single case studies with sample sizes varying from 50 to 10 participants. Treatment duration ranges from 7 to 9 days, starting mid-cycle or post-menstruation cessation, spanning 2 to 5 consecutive cycles. Some studies involve oral medication in conjunction with Matrabasti or alternative-day Ksheerabasti and Anuvasana/Sneha Basti. Assessment methods predominantly employ the visual analogue scale and multidimensional scoring. The review covered diverse formulations including Dashamoola Taila, Tila Taila, Phala Taila, Hingwadi Taila, Trivrutta Taila, Shatapushpa Taila, Sahacharadi Taila, Dhanwantaram Taila, Dashamoola Ksheerapaka and Mahanarayana Taila. Conclusion: Ayurvedic interventions, particularly Matrabasti formulations, present a diverse and promising avenue for managing Udavartini Yonivyapad (Primary Dysmenorrhea). The formulations, derived from classical Ayurvedic texts, showcase efficacy in balancing Vata Dosha, reducing pain severity and all associated symptoms, and improving overall well-being.
A comprehensive drug review of Mushikavishari Agada on Mushika Visha as Vishagna
Authors: Poojitha Rangoli R.  , Shrinidhi R.  , Ranjana K.  , Chaithra S. Hebbar  
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Mushika Visha is categorized under Jangama Visha, which is also known as Akhu Visha. Teeth bites, scratches caused by sharp nails, urine and semen all have toxic effects on the body and can cause symptoms. There are two types of symptoms, Curable and Incurable. There are many ways to treat Mushika Visha, with numerous combinations and single drugs. Materials and Method: A literary review to know the action of Mushikavishari Agada in Mushika Visha from contemporary texts. Observation: Considering twenty six drugs with its Rasa, Guna, Veerya, Vipaka, Karma and Doshagnata literature proves that individual drugs mentioned in this Mushikavishari Agada[4] formulation can be used in condition such as Pandu (Anaemia), Jwara (Fever), Daha (Burning sensation), Aruchi (Anorexia) and acts as Vishagna (Anti-poisonous). Result: By literary review it can be inferred that formulation Mushikavishari Agada consisting twenty-six drugs can counter the spread the toxin thus negating symptoms of Mushika Visha mentioned by Acharya Caraka. Conclusion: A literary review conclude that the formulation Mushikavishari Agada mentioned in Sushrutha Samhitha Kalpa Sthana can subside Mushika Visha and acts as Vishagna.
Effect of Shirodhara in Ardhavbhedak w.s.r. to Migraine during Pregnancy: A Review Study
Authors: Yashi Joshi  , Sucheta Ray  , Ekta Singh Parihar  , Priyanka Hajare  
Published: April 2024

The demands of today's stressful lifestyles can pose challenges during pregnancy. Elevated stress levels may lead to issues such as preterm birth, low birth weight, or developmental concerns for the baby. It's crucial for pregnant individuals to prioritize self-care, manage stress through relaxation techniques, and seek support to promote a healthier pregnancy despite the demands of contemporary life. Migraine attacks may be triggered by Stress and anxiety depression Changes in sleep patterns, such as not getting enough sleep. The reported prevalence of headache in pregnancy is as high as 35%. Ayurveda, an ancient system of medicine, emphasizes the balance of mind, body, and spirit. Through holistic approaches, Ayurveda promotes calmness by incorporating practices like Shirodhara. Shirodhara is a classical and a well-established ayurvedic procedure of slowly and steadily dripping medicated oil or other liquids on the forehead. It's believed to have a soothing effect, promoting relaxation and relieving stress by calming the nervous system. Shirodhara is a simple yet profound technique specifically designed to balance and stabilize the nervous system and the activities of the mind. Shirodhara is widely acclaimed for its many health benefits which better the mind and body, the most popular being its deeply relaxing properties and its ability to promote better sleep and enhance sleep quality. In this review, a conceptual study is being elaborated regarding the Shirodhara.
A Case Study on Ayurvedic management of Mutrashmari (Urolithiasis)
Authors: Hardik  , Apala Sengupta  , Chinky  
Published: April 2024

Background: Mutrashmari is disease classified as Asthamahagada which means "difficult to cure." It is Kapha Pradhana Tridoshaja Vyadhi. Due to resemblance in clinical manifestations, Mutrashmari is compared to urolithiasis. Urolithiasis, a pathological condition of the urinary system where aggregation of urinary crystalloids takes place anywhere in the urinary tract, i.e., from the kidney to urinary bladder showing male predominance (Male: female = 3:1) and currently becoming a medico‑surgical and economical challenge for entire health‑care systems. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Viddhakarma and Shamana Chikitsa in Mutrashmari (Urolithiasis). Materials and Methods: It is a single case study. A 52 years old male patient who was clinically diagnosed case of Urolithiasis before 3 years visited to OPD with complaints of Vrikka Parshava Shoola (Pain in bilateral kidney and b/l flanks region) which was radiating from loin to groin region in late night usually, Mutrakriccha (difficulty in maturation) and Mutradaha (Burning micturition) from last 2 months. The patient was treated with total 4 sittings of Viddhakarma were given at the lateral border of the thumb of the bilateral legs on same day of every week along with Shamana Chikitsa. Results: The patient was showed highly significant results before and after the completion of treatment. All sign and symptoms of patient resolved and there was no trace of calculi in the both kidneys, according to the USG report after 1 month. Conclusion: Highly significant relief in symptoms was seen in patient after 1 month of Ayurvedic treatment.
Ergonomics in work situations of Ayurvedic therapists working in Vaidyaratnam Ayurveda College, Ollur, Trissur
Authors: Betsy Varghese  , P.V. Giri  
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Ergonomics is defined as the process of designing or arranging workplaces, products and systems so that they fit the people who use them. Physical, organizational and cognitive are the three types of ergonomics. Aims and Objectives: To assess the prevalence of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSD) in Ayurvedic therapists working in, Vaidyaratnam Ayurveda College, Ollur, Trissur. Materials and Methods: A Descriptive cross sectional study was done. 17 therapists in VACH Ollur were surveyed consecutively regarding symptoms of Musculoskeletal disorders mainly LBA, neck pain, shoulder pain, knee pain and heel pain. Data were collected by using questionnaires and were analysed using appropriate statistical methods. Results: Out of 17 therapists, 52.9 % were females. Highest frequency of MSD was seen in the age group of 46-55 years. 80 % of the therapists were working more than 20 years. 64.5 % were suffering from LBA, 29.4% were suffering from neck pain, 23.8% were suffering from shoulder pain, 41.2% were suffering from knee pain and 17.6 % were suffering from heel pain. Discussion: Present study shows that MSD are common among therapists. Improper posture for different procedure can be the reason. Adhering to the principles of physical and cognitive ergonomics can prevent risk factors of developing MSD.