bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Carcass and meat characteristics of Nellore young bulls fed diet using cottonseed cake as a replacer of the forage fiber source
Authors: Arcanjo Angelo Herbet Moreira , Ítavo Luís Carlos Vinhas , Brandão Ferreira Ítavo Camila Celeste , de Bonin Gomes Marina Nadai , Nazário Carlos Eduardo Domingues , Gurgel Antonio Leandro Chaves , Dias-Silva Tairon Pannunzio , Santana Juliana Caroline Santos , da Silva Manoel Gustavo Paranhos , de Aguiar Coelho Flávio , Miranda Estevão Lopes , de Melo Soares Évelyn Silva , da Silva Ana Hellen , da Silva Laura Beatriz Perez , Paro Rafael Goes Cardoso 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe aim of this study was to assess the effects of substituting traditional forage fiber sources with cottonseed cake in the diet on both the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of carcass and meat in Nelore young bulls. Twenty-four Nelore steers starting with an average weight of 377.8 ± 43.5 kg, were individually housed in stalls and provided with individualized feeding over a 112-day confinement period. The study followed a completely randomized design with two treatments and 12 replications. The diets incorporated either whole plant corn silage (WPCS) and, cottonseed cake (CSC) as fiber sources, at a rate of 300 g/kg of dry matter. The CSC diet promoted higher carcass weight. Aging animal meat for seven days significantly decreased the shear force from 83.4 to 71.6 N. Although diets did not influence meat composition, WPCS diet provided higher concentrations of C16:1, C18:1n9c, C18:3n3, and C22:2 acid, and CSC diet higher concentrations of C15:0, C18:1n9t, C18:2n6c, and 20:3n3. The WPCS diet provided higher concentrations of monounsaturated fatty acids and ω9, and the CSC diet had higher concentrations of ω6 and ω6:ω3 ratio in meat. Cottonseed cake used as a fiber source increases the concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids and ω6 fatty acids in the meat of young bulls finished in feedlot.
Neurotoxic non-protein amino acids in commercially harvested Lobsters (Homarus americanus H. Milne-Edwards)
Authors: Sandhu Pawanjit K. , Solonenka Julia T. , Murch Susan J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCyanobacteria produce neurotoxic non-protein amino acids (NPAAs) that accumulate in ecosystems and food webs. American lobsters (Homarus americanus H. Milne-Edwards) are one of the most valuable seafood industries in Canada with exports valued at > $2 billion. Two previous studies have assessed the occurrence of β-N-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA) in a small number of lobster tissues but a complete study has not previously been undertaken. We measured NPAAs in eyeballs, brain, legs, claws, tails, and eggs of 4 lobsters per year for the 2021 and 2022 harvests. Our study included 4 male and 4 female lobsters. We detected BMAA and its isomers, N-(2-aminoethyl)glycine (AEG), 2,4-diaminobutyric acid (DAB) and β-aminomethyl-L-alanine (BAMA) by a fully validated reverse phase chromatography—tandem mass spectrometry method. We quantified BMAA, DAB, AEG and BAMA in all of the lobster tissues. Our quantification data varied by individual lobster, sex and collection year. Significantly more BMAA was quantified in lobsters harvested in 2021 than 2022. Interestingly, more BAMA was quantified in lobsters harvested in 2022 than 2021. Monitoring of lobster harvests for cyanobacterial neurotoxins when harmful algal bloom events occur could mitigate risks to human health.
Preparation of Ti3C2Tx modified rare earth doped PbO2 electrodes for efficient removal of sulfamethoxazole
Authors: Zhu Dancheng , Wu Yifan , Zheng Kai , Xu Hao , Chen Chao , Qiao Jun , Shen Chao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this study, we deposited Ti3C2Tx-modified, rare-earth-doped PbO2 on the surface of a carbon fabric via electrodeposition. The surface morphology and electronic structure of the electrode were characterized with SEM, XRD and XPS. The layered Ti3C2Tx did not change the structure of β-PbO2, and at the same time, it improved the crystallinity of the material and reduced the grains of PbO2. Electrochemical experiments showed that the addition of Ti3C2Tx increased the electrochemical activity of the electrode and produced more H2O2, which contributed to the degradation of pollutants. The efficiency of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) degradation reached 95% after 120 min at pH 3 with a current density of 50 mA/cm2. Moreover, the electrode has good cycling performance, and the degradation efficiency was still 80% after 120 min after 10 cycles of recycling. Based on the intermediates identified by HPLC‒MS, a mechanism for SMX degradation was proposed. Our results will provide a new idea for the development of efficient electrocatalytic degradation of antibiotics.
Diagnose und Triage
Authors: Rubini Gimenez Maria , Thiele Holger 
Published: April 2024

ZusammenfassungDer Begriff akutes Koronarsyndrom (ACS) umfasst ein weites Spektrum. Patienten mit der Arbeitsdiagnose ACS können final an einem akuten Myokardinfarkt (AMI) leiden – wobei wir zwischen Nicht-ST-Strecken-Hebungsinfarkt (NSTEMI) und ST-Strecken-Hebungsinfarkt (STEMI) unterscheiden – oder auch eine instabile Angina aufweisen. Die Anamnese, klinische Untersuchung, Veränderungen im 12-Kanal-EKG und die Bestimmung der Konzentration von kardialem hochsensitivem Troponin (hs-cTn) helfen dabei, ausgehend von der Arbeitshypothese akutes Koronarsyndrom eine definitive Diagnose stellen zu können.Die Bandbreite der klinischen Präsentation von Patienten mit ACS ist groß und reicht von symptomfreien Patienten über Patienten mit anhaltenden Brustschmerzen bis zu Patienten mit Herzstillstand, elektrischer/hämodynamischer Instabilität oder kardiogenem Schock (CS). Zum initialen Management werden die Patienten mit ACS typischerweise anhand der EKG-Veränderungen klassifiziert. Im Weiteren kann eine Unterteilung basierend auf etwaigen laborchemischen Erhöhung von hs-cTn getroffen werden. Die diagnostischen Tools (Veränderungen des EKGs und hs-cTn) sind für die initiale Triage sowie Diagnosestellung essenziell, um eine Risikostratifizierung für den individuellen Patienten durchzuführen und die initiale therapeutische Strategie festzulegen.Nach dem akuten Management und der Stabilisierung des Patienten ist die weiterführende therapeutische Strategie einheitlicher für alle ACS-Patienten und weist keine so diversifizierten Therapieschemata wie das initiale Management auf.
Verordnung von Antidiabetika und glykämische Kontrolle bei Erwachsenen mit Diabetes mellitus Typ 2 im zeitlichen Verlauf
Authors: Gölz Stefan , Eckert Alexander , Wosch Frank Jürgen , Hugenberg Inge , Karl Manuela , Seufert Jochen , Nun-Boetzel Heike , Wagner Siegfried , Weber-Lauffer Rosemarie , Milek Karsten , Naudorf Michael , Holl Reinhard Walter 
Published: April 2024

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGIn der vorliegenden Auswertung aus dem DPV-Register wird der Einsatz von unterschiedlichen Antidiabetika zwischen den Jahren 2005 bis 2021 ausgewertet und analysiert. Es konnten Daten von insgesamt 405 790 Menschen mit Diabetes ausgewertet werden (2 464 078 Beobachtungsjahre). Die Population (53,4 % männlich) war im Median 70,91 Jahre alt bei einer medianen Diabetesdauer von ca. 9 Jahren. Im Laufe des Auswertungszeitraumes nahm der Anteil der über 80-Jährigen kontinuierlich zu.Seitens der Therapie nahm der Anteil der lediglich mit Insulin behandelten Patienten ebenso ab wie der Anteil der lediglich mit Lebensstil behandelten Patienten. Metformin wurde tendenziell zunehmend häufiger eingesetzt. Für Sulfonlyharnstoffe zeigte sich eine komplette gegensätzliche Entwicklung gegenüber den DPP-IV-Inhibitoren mit einer Zunahme dieser seit 2007 etablierten Substanzgruppe. Seit ungefähr 2015 zeigen sich deutlich zunehmende Verordnungshäufigkeiten für SGLT-2-Inhibitoren sowie GLP-1-Rezeptoragonisten bei gleichzeitig zu erkennendem allmählichem Rückgang der DPP-IV-Inhibitorverordnungen.Während der Anteil der Metformin-Verordnungen im Beobachtungszeitraum in allen Altersgruppen kontinuierlich und weitgehend parallel anstieg, sind für SGLT-2-Inhibitoren und GLP-1-Rezeptoragonisten anfänglich bei der Gruppe der unter 60-jährigen und erst zeitversetzt auch der älteren Patienten eingesetzt worden. Seitens der Geschlechterunterschiede in den Verordnungen gibt es für GLP-1-Rezeptoragonisten quasi keine Unterschiede, bei Metformin gibt es ein ganz leichtes Überwiegen der männlichen Patienten, welches bei SGLT-2-Inhibitoren deutlicher wird.Die mittlere glykämische Kontrolle ausgedrückt durch den HbA1c-Wert liegt in der gesamten Kohorte im Median bei 7,11 % (54,2 mmol/Mol) mit einem weitgehend unveränderten Verlauf über den Beobachtungszeitraum und einer klaren Differenzierung dahingehend, dass jüngere Patienten den höchsten medianen HbA1c aufweisen und die älteste Kohorte den niedrigsten.Die Daten werden im Kontext sich ändernder Leitlinien und Empfehlungen diskutiert und analysiert.
Impact of 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT on radiation treatment planning of prostate cancer patients
Authors: Bock Felix , Frerker Bernd , Schubert Laura , Rennau Hannes , Kurth Jens , Krause Bernd J. , Hildebrandt Guido , Schwarzenböck Sarah Marie 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Aim This study aimed to assess the impact of 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT on radiation treatment (RT) planning in prostate cancer patients with salvage (sRT) or definitive (dRT) radiotherapy.
Methods 38 patients (27 sRT, median PSA 0.79 ng/ml (range 0.06–12.1); 11 dRT, median PSA 4.35 ng/ml (range 1.55–55.5) underwent 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT before RT. Influence of 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT on the extent of planning target volume (PTV) and addition of PET-based boosts were assessed. Median follow up was 12 months (range 3–24).
Results
68Ga-PSMA PET/CT showed positive findings in 23/38 patients (8/23: local recurrence (LR), 11/23: nodal metastasis, 1/23: LR and nodal, 2/23: solitary bone metastasis, 1/23: oligometastatic nodal/ bone metastases). In sRT primary PTV was changed in 16/27 patients extending the PTV to the lymphatic drainage (10/16), PSMA-positive LR (3/16), bone metastases (2/16) and both nodal/bone metastases (1/16). PET-based increase of primary PTV was 116%. PET-based boosts were administered in 19/27 patients (8/19: local, 10/19: nodal, 1/19: both), median boost volume was 31.3 cm3 (range 17.2–80.2) (local) and 19.7 cm3 (range 3.0–109.3) (nodal). PTV was changed in 1/11 (9%) of dRT patients (extension of primary PTV to the lymphatic drainage (RT volume of 644.5 cm3), additional nodal boost (volume of 2.7 cm3, 23.1 Gy)). All patients showed biochemical response (mean PSA decrease 88.8 +/– 14.0%). Nadir PSA was reached 10 months (range 1–17) after end of RT (median 0.07 ng/ml, range 0.002–3.96). Within a median 12 months follow-up (range 3–22/8–24 in sRT/dRT), median PSA was 0.05 ng/ml (range 0.002–8.5) (sRT) and 0.26 ng/ml (range 0.02–2.68) (dRT).
Conclusions
68Ga-PSMA PET/CT influenced sRT planning in almost 63% and dRT in 9% of patients by change of PTV and additional boosts.
Spontaneous Clival Leaks and Their Management
Authors: Sara Katti Blessi , Upreti Garima , Thomas Habie , Philip Ajay , Sundaresan Rajan , Gandham Edmond Jonathan , Thomas Regi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Introduction Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks through the nasal cavity occurrence has a rising trend, of which primary spontaneous leak is 6 to 40% of all the CSF leaks. The most common site of CSF leak is ethmoid roof where the bone is thinner in the entire skull base. Clivus being the hard bone is a rare site for spontaneous leak. We present a case series from a single quaternary care center of this rare occurrence and study its reason and management strategy.
Materials and Methods A retrospective surgical audit over a period of 10 years of all patients diagnosed with CSF rhinorrhea was done. A PubMed search was conducted with keywords of CSF leak, CSF rhinorrhea, spontaneous CSF rhinorrhea, clival leak, and clivus to identify the literature and these articles were compiled and their management reviewed.
Results and Analysis A total of 100 patients underwent surgical management for spontaneous CSF leak, of which there were 5 patients who had spontaneous CSF rhinorrhea from the clivus. There were four female patients; four patients had high body mass index. The most common site of leak was mid-clivus and surgical technique employed was multilayer dural plasty with a nasoseptal flap and measures were taken to reduce the intracranial pressure intra-operatively and postoperatively.
Conclusion Spontaneous clival leak is a rare entity with mid and lower clivus being the common site. A combined approach by ENT and neurosurgeons results in best outcome for the patients.
Proteus Syndrome: Case Report and Updated Literature Review
Authors: Klimeczek-Chrapusta Maria K , Kachnic Marek , Chrapusta Anna 
Published: April 2024

AbstractProteus syndrome (PS) is an exceptionally uncommon genetic disorder that has been documented in only approximately 250 cases in the literature spanning the past four decades. It is characterized by a disproportionate, asymmetric overgrowth of all types of tissues, provoked by a somatic activating mutation in serine/threonine protein kinase 1. We report a case of PS in a two-year-old female patient with the following clinical features: unilateral overgrowth of connective tissue in the right buttock and right foot, where multiple surgeries were performed to achieve a desirable aesthetic outcome and ensure psychological comfort of the young patient. The insights provided by this case underscore the pivotal role of obtaining pleasing aesthetic outcomes in the surgical management of untreatable genetic disorders, with the aim of nurturing psychological contentment in affected children.
Methemoglobinemia as a Cause of Unexplained Hypoxia in Neurosurgical Patients: A Report of Two Cases
Authors: Bansal Sonia , Srinivasaiah Bharath , Sriram Vidya , Baradwad Vishal , Giribabu Parthiban , Mishra Rajeeb K. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn methemoglobinemia, ferrous iron in the hemoglobin is oxidized to a ferric state. Hemoglobin in this state cannot carry oxygen resulting in hypoxemia, which manifests as low peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2). Bedside co-oximetry can identify this condition. We present here two cases of methemoglobinemia. Our experience with the first case enabled swift diagnosis of the second case. This also enabled us to prepare ourselves better in the second case if worsening of hypoxemia had occurred. Therefore, we learn here that whenever there is low SpO2 with a normal partial pressure of oxygen, methemoglobinemia should be suspected and diagnosis should be confirmed using co-oximetry.
Status Epilepticus: An Update on Pharmacological Management
Authors: Almohaish Sulaiman , Tesoro Eljim P. , Brophy Gretchen M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractStatus epilepticus (SE) is a neurological emergency that requires timely pharmacological therapy to cease seizure activity. The treatment approach varies based on the time and the treatment stage of SE. Benzodiazepines are considered the first-line therapy during the emergent treatment phase of SE. Antiseizure medicines such as phenytoin, valproic acid, and levetiracetam are recommended during the urgent treatment phase. These drugs appear to have a similar safety and efficacy profile, and individualized therapy should be chosen based on patient characteristics. Midazolam, propofol, pentobarbital, and ketamine are continuous intravenous infusions of anesthetic medications utilized in the refractory SE (RSE) period. The most efficacious pharmacotherapeutic treatments for RSE and superrefractory status epilepticus are not clearly defined.
Effect of impact and flexural loading on hybrid composite made of kevlar and natural fibers
Authors: Thakare P. A. , Kumar Neeraj , Ugale V. B. , Giri Jayant , Sunheriya Neeraj , Al-Lohedan Hamad A. 
Published: April 2024

In this work, four varieties of hybrid Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) panels made of kevlar-29 and natural fibers are studied. All panels have kevlar-29 face sheets and natural fiber core, such as jute, flax, sisal, and hemp. This research focuses on the behavior of these hybrid FRP panels under flexural and impact loading so that the panels can be explored for the structural/semi-structural members of army shelters, portable helipad, and roofing panels in high-altitude areas. Natural fibers are chemically treated with NaOH to improve hydrophobicity. The panels are vacuum bagged, the fiber volume fraction is 0.39, and the thickness is close to 4 mm. Three-point flexural loading using the universal testing machine and low-velocity impact loading up to 24 J under drop weight impact test setup is carried out to characterize the panels. Damage area, delamination, permanent deformation, indentation depth, energy absorbed, flexural strength, and modulus are measured. The hybrid flax/kevlar panel and hemp/kevlar panel, each resist impact with permanent deformation less than 0.5 mm up to 24 J. Without significant face sheet or core fiber breakage, the delamination is spread over a small radial distance of 18.5 and 24.5 mm, respectively. Interface matrix breakage causes delamination. The load vs deflection curve is almost linear under flexural loading, and specimens failed under compression at 240 MPa. The numerical simulation is also done using ANSYS and LS-DYNA for detailed study.
A comparative study on milling-induced surface roughness during milling of jute–epoxy and carbon–epoxy composites and optimization for better surface finish through Taguchi and RSM techniques
Authors: B. R. N. Murthy , Hiremath Anupama , Giri Jayant , Makki Emad , T. Sathish , Bolar Gururaj , H. M. Vishwanatha 
Published: April 2024

During the present experimentation, milling machining was performed on two different composites, namely carbon fiber-reinforced polymer composite and jute fiber-reinforced polymer composite, using a computer numerical control vertical machining center. The selected machining parameters were spindle speed (S), feed rate (FR), depth of cut (DOC), and flute number or cutting edge number (FN). The output parameter is the machined surface roughness (Ra). Analysis of variance was used to predict the percentage influence of each parameter on machining quality. The parameter feed rate exhibited a higher influence on the machined surface roughness, followed by spindle speed, flute number, and depth of cut in sequence. Similarly, while milling the carbon fiber composite, the feed rate had the highest influence, followed by the parameter flute number. As for the surface roughness, the feed rate had a greater effect, followed by the spindle speed. Under the same machining conditions, it was observed that the sequence of parameters influencing the jute composite and carbon composite changed in the case of cutting force generation, but the sequence of parameters was the same for both cases in terms of roughness. The outcome of the work confirmed that to achieve a smaller value of roughness in the milling of jute–epoxy composite, the optimum combination should be S = 3000 rpm, FR = 800 mm/min, DOC = 0.25 mm, and FN = 6. Similarly, to achieve the minimum surface roughness value in the milling of carbon–epoxy composite, the optimum combination of parameters should be S = 600 rpm, FR = 100 mm/min, DOC = 0.25, and FN = 6. The average roughness values obtained during the milling of jute–epoxy composite and carbon–epoxy composites are 6.685 and 3.08 μm, respectively. In this present work, it is proved that the optimum combination of parameters to get the minimum surface roughness and the amount of surface roughness produced during milling are highly influenced by the type of reinforced material. The graphs are prepared for the entire range of input parameters to identify the intermediate Ra value at any input value without the use of software.
Metaphors for multiculturalism in the Canadian context
Authors: Shakoury Kayvan , Boers Frank 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Although Canada is reputed for being a multicultural society, Canadians’ opinions vary regarding the extent to
which multiculturalism should be promoted. Examining metaphorical language in discourse about multiculturalism may reveal which
metaphors are typically used to endorse it and which ones are typically used to express a more skeptical stance. This study
analyzed 646 opinion pieces regarding multiculturalism published in Canadian newspapers. Linguistic metaphors were identified and
then grouped under themes. The texts were categorized according to the authors’ stance, and instantiations of the metaphor themes
were tallied to determine if some occur more frequently in discourse that promotes multiculturalism compared to discourse that
expresses reservations. Some metaphor themes were instantiated more often either in texts painting a positive picture of
multicultural society (e.g., a multicultural society is a varied, multi-component work of art or craft) or in ones
expressing reservations (e.g., multiculturalism is a destabilizing or divisive force). Such contrasts were nonetheless
attenuated by the way a single metaphor theme can be used to serve different rhetorical purposes. It also appears that writers are
not always aware of the entailments of the metaphors they use, especially if these are conventionalized phrases.
Supporting animals and veterans through enrichment: An exploratory study on a brief canine socializing intervention
Authors: Webberson Emily , Schroeder Katy , Binfet John-Tyler , Stellato Anastasia C. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Veterans pursuing post-secondary education may experience reintegration challenges and academic-related stress. To support student well-being, colleges and universities have begun to offer animal-assisted interventions (AAI); however, the influence of AAI programs on student veteran populations remains underexplored. Furthermore, the welfare impact of AAI programs on incorporating animals has begun to be assessed. As shelter dogs can benefit from human interaction, a mixed-methods design was used to assess if dogs and student veterans could benefit from participating in a brief 30-min unstructured interaction. We aimed to identify whether: the interaction influenced veteran reported mood state, the dog and the interaction activities completed influenced veteran experience, and the interaction influenced shelter dog behavior. Thirty veterans (
M
age
= 34,
SD
= 9.2; 24 males, 4 females) enrolled in a southern United States mid-size public university participated along with screened shelter dogs (
N
= 30,
M
age
= 2,
SD
= 0.9; 17 males, 13 females). Veterans were instructed to engage in the activities of their choosing (i.e., petting, playing, talking, providing treats, brushing) with a shelter dog. To assess changes in veteran mood, a pictorial self-report scale (assessing arousal (activated, deactivated), and valence (pleasant, unpleasant)) was completed pre- and post-interaction. Dog behavior was measured in shelter before the interaction and during the beginning, middle, and end of the interaction. Results reveal veterans reported pleasant post-interaction mood states, an overall positive experience and activity enjoyment. Qualitative results indicated that veterans perceived the dog behavior to be the most memorable aspect of participation, positively influencing their overall interaction experience. Dogs entered the interaction with more behavioral displays of fear (e.g., reduced posture), general activity (e.g., jumping), and soliciting contact behaviors (e.g., soliciting play), with all behavioral activity reducing halfway into the interaction, potentially suggesting increased relaxation over the course of the interaction. Observed decreases in dog fear behavior and veteran reported activity enjoyment suggests benefits for shelter dogs and student veterans.