bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficient computation of $$(2^n,2^n)$$-isogenies
Authors: Kunzweiler S. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractElliptic curves are abelian varieties of dimension one; the two-dimensional analogues are abelian surfaces. In this work we present an algorithm to compute $$(2^n,2^n)$$

(

2
n

,

2
n

)

-isogenies between abelian surfaces defined over finite fields. These isogenies are the natural generalization of $$2^n$$

2
n

-isogenies of elliptic curves. The efficient computation of such isogeny chains gained a lot of attention as the runtime of the attacks on SIDH (Castryck–Decru, Maino–Martindale, Robert) depends on this computation. Different results deduced in the development of our algorithm are also interesting beyond these applications. For instance, we derive a formula for the evaluation of (2, 2)-isogenies. Given an element in Mumford coordinates, this formula outputs the (unreduced) Mumford coordinates of its image under the (2, 2)-isogeny. Furthermore, we study 4-torsion points on Jacobians of hyperelliptic curves and explain how to extract square roots of coefficients of 2-torsion points from these points.
Meaning-Adequacy and Social Critique: Toward a Phenomenological Critical Theory
Authors: Gros Alexis 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn the present paper, I analyze the complex relationship of tension between Critical Theory and phenomenology from a sociological-theoretical perspective. I start from two theses. The first one is that one of the primary reasons for the antagonism between these two paradigms lies in their ideal-typically opposed assessments of the role of ‘meaning-adequacy’ in social research. The second one is that in recent years, there has been a strong rapprochement of Critical Theory with (social) phenomenology. This shift, fundamentally embodied in Hartmut Rosa’s work, can be understood as the culminating point of a progressive turn towards meaning-adequacy within the Frankfurt School. In order to unfold these two theses, I will proceed in three steps. First (1), I will present the main outlines of the relationship of tension between the two traditions from both a historico-intellectual and a systematic perspective. Second (2), I will focus on the contemporary readings of the Schutzian notion of ‘meaning-adequacy’ and discuss their value for better understanding the historical opposition between the two paradigms, as well as their recent rapprochement. Third (3), I will sketch the key features of Rosa’s sociology of world-relations, understood as a phenomenological Critical Theory that shows a strong commitment to a radicalized version of the meaning-adequacy postulate.
The Social Validity of Behavioral Interventions: Seeking Input from Autistic Adults
Authors: Baiden Kaitlynn M.P. , Williams Zachary J. , Schuck Rachel K. , Dwyer Patrick , Wang Mian 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMany in the autistic community have expressed concerns regarding the use of behavioral interventions with autistic children, suggesting that these interventions may not be socially valid. Though behavioral interventions have evolved to be more naturalistic and child-centered, little structured research has been done to explicitly seek autistic perspectives on the acceptability of specific components of behavioral interventions. Autistic adults (N = 235) were recruited online to take the Autism Intervention Attitudes Scale (AIAS), a questionnaire designed to gather feedback on common intervention goals and practices. Results indicate that participants find goals and practices that highlight quality of life, safety, and autistic interactions acceptable, while those that focus on normalization based on neurotypical standards are not. An exploratory graph analysis revealed three communities of goals (“uncontroversial goals”, “controversial goals”, and “social goals”). Comparison between naturalistic and structured intervention components additionally showed that autistic participants favored naturalistic strategies. These findings are in line with known criticisms of behavioral intervention from autistic adults, but also provide more information on the specific ways in which behavioral interventions can be reformed. This information can guide professionals in the development of appropriate goals and decisions around intervention planning.
Ovulation induction and subfertile untreated conception groups offer improved options for interpreting risks associated with ART
Authors: Hansen Michele , Hart Roger J. , Milne Elizabeth , Bower Carol , Walls Melanie L. , Yovich John L. , Burton Peter , Liu Yanhe , Barblett Hamish , Kemp-Casey Anna 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To identify and characterise appropriate comparison groups for population studies of health outcomes in ART-conceived births: ovulation induction (OI), subfertile untreated and fertile natural conceptions. Our secondary objective was to examine whether known risks of pregnancy complications and adverse birth outcomes in ART births are elevated in comparison with subfertile (untreated and OI) conception groups.

Methods
We linked State and Commonwealth datasets to identify all live and stillbirths (≥ 20 weeks) in Western Australia from 2003 to 2014 by method of conception. Demographic characteristics, maternal pre-existing conditions, adverse obstetric history and pregnancy complications were compared across conception groups. Generalised estimating equations were used to estimate adjusted risk ratios (aRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for pregnancy complications and birth outcomes in singletons.

Results
We identified 9456 ART, 3870 OI, 11,484 subfertile untreated and 303,921 fertile naturally conceived deliveries. OI and subfertile untreated groups more closely resembled the ART group than the fertile group; however, some differences remained across parity, maternal age, pre-existing conditions and obstetric history. In multivariate analyses, ART singletons had greater risks of placental problems (e.g. placenta praevia aRR 2.42 (95% CI 1.82–3.20)) and adverse birth outcomes (e.g. preterm birth aRR 1.38 (95% CI 1.25–1.52)) than the subfertile untreated group, while OI singletons were more similar to the subfertile group with higher risk of preeclampsia and gestational diabetes.

Conclusion
OI and subfertile untreated conception groups offer improved options for interpreting health outcomes in ART births. Pregnancy complications (particularly placental disorders) and adverse outcomes at delivery are more common following ART.
Molecular dynamics simulations as a guide for modulating small molecule aggregation
Authors: Nesabi Azam , Kalayan Jas , Al-Rawashdeh Sara , Ghattas Mohammad A. , Bryce Richard A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSmall colloidally aggregating molecules (SCAMs) can be problematic for biological assays in drug discovery campaigns. However, the self-associating properties of SCAMs have potential applications in drug delivery and analytical biochemistry. Consequently, the ability to predict the aggregation propensity of a small organic molecule is of considerable interest. Chemoinformatics-based filters such as ChemAGG and Aggregator Advisor offer rapid assessment but are limited by the assay quality and structural diversity of their training set data. Complementary to these tools, we explore here the ability of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations as a physics-based method capable of predicting the aggregation propensity of diverse chemical structures. For a set of 32 molecules, using simulations of 100 ns in explicit solvent, we find a success rate of 97% (one molecule misclassified) as opposed to 75% by Aggregator Advisor and 72% by ChemAGG. These short timescale MD simulations are representative of longer microsecond trajectories and yield an informative spectrum of aggregation propensities across the set of solutes, capturing the dynamic behaviour of weakly aggregating compounds. Implicit solvent simulations using the generalized Born model were less successful in predicting aggregation propensity. MD simulations were also performed to explore structure-aggregation relationships for selected molecules, identifying chemical modifications that reversed the predicted behaviour of a given aggregator/non-aggregator compound. While lower throughput than rapid cheminformatics-based SCAM filters, MD-based prediction of aggregation has potential to be deployed on the scale of focused subsets of moderate size, and, depending on the target application, provide guidance on removing or optimizing a compound’s aggregation propensity.
Graphical Abstract
Reading Comprehension in the Arabic Diglossia: The SVR Between the Spoken and Literary Varieties
Authors: Asadi Ibrahim A. , Kasperski Ronen 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to examine the validity of the “simple view of reading” (SVR) model in the diglossic Arabic language. Using a longitudinal design, we tested whether decoding and listening comprehension (LC) in kindergarten can later predict reading comprehension (RC) in the first grade and whether the contribution of LC to RC differs between the spoken and literary varieties of Arabic. The participants were 261 kindergartners who were followed to the first grade. Our results from separate SEM analysis for the spoken and literary varieties revealed some similarity between the explained variance in the spoken (52%) and literary (48%) variety models. However, while the contribution of LC to RC was higher than the contribution of decoding in the spoken variety model, an opposite pattern was observed in the literary variety model. The results are discussed in light of the diglossia phenomenon and its impact on comprehension skills in Arabic, with theoretical and pedagogical implications.
Machine learning techniques in breast cancer preventive diagnosis: a review
Authors: Anastasi Giada , Franchini Michela , Pieroni Stefania , Buzzi Marina , Buzzi Maria Claudia , Leporini Barbara , Molinaro Sabrina 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBreast cancer (BC) is known as the most prevalent form of cancer among women. Recent research has demonstrated the potential of Machine Learning (ML) techniques in predicting the five-year BC risk using personal health data. Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest, K-NN (K-Nearest Neighbour), Naive Bayes, Neural Network, Decision Tree (DT), Logistic Regression (LR), Discriminant Analysis, and their variants are commonly employed in ML for BC analysis. This study investigates the factors influencing the performance of ML techniques in the domain of BC prevention, with a focus on dataset size and feature selection. The study's goal is to examine the effect of dataset cardinality, feature selection, and model selection on analytical performance in terms of Accuracy and Area Under the Curve (AUC). To this aim, 3917 papers were automatically selected from Scopus and PubMed, considering all publications from the previous 5 years, and, after inclusion and exclusion criteria, 54 articles were selected for the analysis. Our findings highlight how a good cardinality of the dataset and effective feature selection have a higher impact on the model's performance than the selected model, as corroborated by one of the studies, which gets extremely good results with all of the models employed.
Non-separation Method-Based Global Stability Criteria for Takagi–Sugeno Fuzzy Quaternion-Valued BAM Delayed Neural Networks Using Quaternion-valued Auxiliary Function-Based Integral Inequality
Authors: Ramalingam Sriraman , Kwon Oh-Min 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis paper focuses on the global asymptotic stability (GAS) problem for Takagi–Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy quaternion-valued bidirectional associative memory neural networks (QVBAMNNs) with discrete, distributed and leakage delays by using non-separation method. By applying T-S fuzzy model, we first consider a general form of T-S fuzzy QVBAMNNs with time delays. Then, by constructing appropriate Lyapunov–Krasovskii functionals and employing quaternion-valued integral inequalities and homeomorphism theory, several delay-dependent sufficient conditions are obtained to guarantee the existence and GAS of the considered neural networks (NNs). In addition, these theoretical results are presented in the form of quaternion-valued linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), which can be verified numerically using the effective YALMIP toolbox in MATLAB. Finally, two numerical illustrations are presented along with their simulations to demonstrate the validity of the theoretical analysis.
Systematic hierarchical analysis of requirements for critical systems
Authors: Fathabadi Asieh Salehi , Snook Colin , Dghaym Dana , Hoang Thai Son , Alotaibi Fahad , Butler Michael 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSafety and security are key considerations in the design of critical systems. Requirements analysis methods rely on the expertise and experience of human intervention to make critical judgements. While human judgement is essential to an analysis method, it is also important to ensure a degree of formality so that we reason about safety and security at early stages of analysis and design, rather than detect problems later. In this paper, we present a hierarchical and incremental analysis process that aims to justify the design and flow-down of derived critical requirements arising from safety hazards and security vulnerabilities identified at the system level. The safety and security analysis at each level uses STPA-style action analysis to identify hazards and vulnerabilities. At each level, we verify that the design achieves the safety or security requirements by backing the analysis with formal modelling and proof using Event-B refinement. The formal model helps to identify hazards/vulnerabilities arising from the design and how they relate to the safety accidents/security losses being considered at this level. We then re-apply the same process to each component of the design in a hierarchical manner. Thus, we use hazard and vulnerability analysis, together with refinement-based formal modelling and verification, to drive the design, replacing the system level requirements with component requirements. In doing so, we decompose critical system-level requirements down to component-level requirements, transforming them from abstract system level requirements, towards concrete solutions that we can implement correctly so that the hazards/vulnerabilities are mitigated.
Secondary Publication: Proposal for Points of Consideration for Pluripotent Stem Cell Culture
Authors: Aoi Takashi , Asaka Isao , Akutsu Hidenori , Ito Yuzuru , Kataoka Ken , Kanda Yasunari , Kojima Hajime , Sekino Yuko , Suemori Hirofumi , Nakagawa Masato , Nakamura Kazuaki , Nakamura Yukio , Fujii Makiko , Furue Miho , Yamazaki Daiju ,   Japanese Working Group for Consideration of Good Cell Culture Practice
Published: March 2024

AbstractHuman pluripotent stem cells, such as human embryonic stem cells and human induced pluripotent stem cells, are used in basic research and various applied fields, including drug discovery and regenerative medicine. Stem cell technologies have developed rapidly in recent years, and the supply of culture materials has improved. This has facilitated the culture of human pluripotent stem cells and has enabled an increasing number of researchers and bioengineers to access this technology. At the same time, it is a challenge to share the basic concepts and techniques of this technology among researchers and technicians to ensure the reproducibility of research results. Human pluripotent stem cells differ from conventional somatic cells in many aspects, and many points need to be considered in their handling, even for those experienced in cell culture. Therefore, we have prepared this proposal, “Points of Consideration for Pluripotent Stem Cell Culture,” to promote the effective use of human pluripotent stem cells. This proposal includes seven items to be considered and practices to be confirmed before using human pluripotent stem cells. These are laws/guidelines and consent/material transfer agreements, diversity of pluripotent stem cells, culture materials, thawing procedure, media exchange and cell passaging, freezing procedure, and culture management. We aim for the concept of these points of consideration to be shared by researchers and technicians involved in the cell culture of pluripotent stem cells. In this way, we hope the reliability of research using pluripotent stem cells can be improved, and cell culture technology will advance.
Sex Differences in Stress Susceptibility as a Key Mechanism Underlying Depression Risk
Authors: Mengelkoch Summer , Slavich George M. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Although females are at relatively greater risk for a variety of disorders, including depression, the biological mechanisms underlying this striking health disparity remain unclear. To address this issue, we highlight sex differences in stress susceptibility as a key mechanism potentially driving this effect and describe the interacting inflammatory, hormonal, epigenomic, and social-environmental mechanisms involved.

Recent Findings
Using the Social Signal Transduction Theory of Depression as a theoretical framework, women’s elevated risk for depression may stem from a tight link between life stress, inflammation, and depression in women. Further, research finds hormonal contraceptive use alters cortisol and inflammatory reactivity to acute stress in ways that may increase depression risk in females. Finally, beyond established epigenetic mechanisms, mothers may transfer risk for depression to their female offspring through stressful family environments, which influence stress generation and stress-related gene expression.

Summary
Together, these findings provide initial, biologically plausible clues that may help explain the relatively greater risk for depression in females vs. males. Looking forward, much more research is needed to address the longstanding underrepresentation of females in biomedical research on the biology of stress and depression.
Aloe vera gel relieves cadmium triggered hepatic injury via antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic routes
Authors: Hassan Rasha E. , Saleh Eman M. , Hamdy Germine M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAloe vera (AV) gel extracted from fresh AV leaves was chosen in this study to evaluate its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic activities against cadmium (Cd) -induced liver injury. Forty Wistar male adult rats were equally divided into four groups. Group I (standard control) ingested with 2.5 ml/kg b.w. of physiological saline. Group II (Cd-intoxicated) received 3 mg/kg b.w./day of CdCl2 dissolved in saline. Group III (AV) received 200 mg/kg b.w./day of AV gel dissolved in saline. Group IV (Cd+AV) ingested with 200 mg/kg b.w./day of AV gel solution along with 3 mg/kg b.w. CdCl2. All groups were ingested orally by gavage for 3 consecutive weeks. Paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) and HSP70 were measured in serum. The deposited Cd level, nitric oxide content, lipid peroxidation, collagen-1 (COL-1), and metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) levels were all determined in liver tissue homogenates. Gene expression of NF-κB and IL-6, Bax, and Bcl2, as well as immunohistochemistry analysis of activated caspase-3, was performed. Results showed that ingestion of AV gel greatly relieved all oxidative stress due to Cd exposure, modulated the NF-κB, IL-6, Bax, and Bcl2 expression levels, and improved the apoptotic state. In conclusion, AV gel confirmed its potential ameliorating effect against liver injury induced due to Cd exposure.
Protectors and Modern Princesses: A Qualitative Investigation of Gender Ideals Among Young Migrants in Berlin
Authors: Wojnicka Katarzyna , Nowicka Magdalena 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe debates at the nexus of migration and gender often focus on the supposedly diverging ideals Muslims and Christians have about gender. Migrant femininities and masculinities are framed in contrast to liberal, Western values and they undermine the efforts for more gender equality in Western societies. Only a few studies have addressed non-Muslim migrants' construction of, and their perceptions of, the femininities and masculinities of others. To fill this gap, we present the findings of a qualitative social research project where 43 young people aged 16 to 29 shared with us their perceptions regarding gender ideals. In our analysis, we utilize theories developed within women's studies and critical men and masculinities scholarship and adopt an intersectional lens to investigate how young first- and second-generation migrants in Berlin with roots in different world regions imagine their own and others' ideals of masculinity and femininity. Like non-migrant youth, our research participants want their life partnerships to be based on gender equality. Contrary to this, their ideals of femininity and masculinity embrace traditional gender roles, and they mirror the racialized relations in German society. We do not argue that the migrant youth's gender ideals are significantly shaped by their ethnic or religious belonging, and thus they do differ from those of non-migrant youth. However, racial othering is relevant for these migrants' images of their life partners and should be taken under consideration while designing specific policies aimed at increasing levels of gender equality in multi-diverse societies.
Fuel Wood Pellets Produced from Sawdust of Scots Pine Mature and Juvenile Wood: Self-Heating and Off-Gassing Tests at Industrial Scale
Authors: Siwale Workson , Finell Michael , Frodeson Stefan , Henriksson Gunnar , Berghel Jonas 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study investigated self-heating and off-gassing of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) wood pellets made from sawdust generated from separated mature and juvenile wood. The pellets were produced at an industrial scale and stored in large piles of about 7.2 tonnes. The production process involved drying the sawdust using three different methods and to varying moisture contents. The results indicated significant influences of both raw material type (F(6) = 61.97, p < 0.05) and drying method (F(2) = 65.38, p < 0.05) on the self-heating of the pellets. The results from the multiple regression analysis further showed that both the raw material type and pellet moisture content significantly influenced the temperature increase, with strong correlations observed for pellets produced using low-temperature drying (F(3, 14) = 83.52, multiple R2 = 0.95, p < 0.05), and medium temperature drying (F(3, 13) = 62.05, multiple R2 = 0.93, p < 0.05). The pellets produced from fresh mature wood sawdust were found to be more prone to self-heating and off-gassing while steam drying the sawdust at high temperature and pressure led to a significant reduction in heat and gas generation across all materials. The heightened self-heating and off-gassing in mature wood pellet can be attributed to a higher proportion of sapwood in the raw material. The probable explanations to the observed differences are in line with biological mechanisms for self-heating and off-gassing, as well as the chemical oxidation of fatty and resin acids.