bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ambiguity in Assignment of Near Infrared Vibrational Bands for Polymerisation Monitoring of Epoxy System
Authors: Lachenal Gilbert , Stevenson Isabelle , Durand Alexandra , Seytre G. , Bertrand D. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe curing process of epoxy affects the chemical structure of the final network so mechanical and physical properties of the polymeric matrix for a composite may be modified according to the polymerisation conditions. This paper describes the ambiguity in assignment of reference bands to follow the cure of poly‐epoxy reactive systems using a laboratory‐made system which allows the coupling of dielectric analysis and Fourier Transform Near Infrared Spectroscopy (FTNIR). The dielectric measurements were obtained using interdigitated electrode. In situ monitoring of extent of reaction was carried out from room temperature up to 160 °C using fibre‐optic FTNIR spectroscopy. For the DGEBA/MCDEA system the epoxy band at 6060 cm−1 was chosen in preference to the band at 4530 cm−1 as representative of the epoxy function evolution during polymerisation because a small unknown peak probably due to the hardener appears in the 4530 cm−1 region. The bands at 4620 and 4680 cm−1 assigned to aromatic combination bands and widely used as reference bands are not unique for this formulation hence the band at 5980 cm−1 is used as reference. The Principal Components Analysis (PCA) shows clearly also that the bands at 4620 and 4680 cm−1 vary during the polymerisation. Surprisingly, the band at 4530 cm−1 is equivalent to the one at 6060 cm−1 to calculate the conversion rate. It is probably due to the fact that the hardener band near 4530 cm−1 follows the same behaviour as the epoxy band at 4530 cm−1.
Application of FTIR Microscopy in Combinatorial Experimentation on Polymer Blends
Authors: l'Abee Roy , Li Weizhen , Goossens Han , van Duin Martin 
Published: May 2008

AbstractSummary: A novel combinatorial, high‐throughput experimentation (HTE) setup has been developed, which allows for rapid mapping of the phase behavior of blends of homopolymers and block copolymers. The principle is based on the preparation of composition (ϕ)‐temperature (T) gradient films. Linear ϕ gradients were obtained over a large composition range, as shown by FTIR microscopy. The applicability of this combinatorial approach was demonstrated by studying the phase behavior of a poly(styrene‐co‐acrylonitrile) (SAN)/poly(methyl methacrylate‐co‐ethyl acrylate) (PMMA‐EA) blend with varying EA content and a poly(styrene‐b‐butadiene‐b‐methyl methacrylate) (SBM) triblock copolymer.
Activation of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor mediates cell cycle inhibition and cell death in specific cervical cancer cell lines
Authors: Bourgo Ryan J. , Braden Wesley A. , Wells Susanne I. , Knudsen Erik S. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractHigh‐risk human papilloma virus (HPV) encodes two oncoproteins, E6 and E7, which are vital to viral replication and contribute to the development of cervical cancer. HPV16 E7 can target over 20 cellular proteins, but is best known for inactivating the retinoblastoma (RB) tumor suppressor. RB functions by restraining cells from entering S‐phase of the cell cycle, thus preventing aberrant proliferation. While it is well established that HPV16 E7 facilitates the degradation of the RB protein, the ability of the RB pathway to overcome E7 action is less well understood. In this study the RB‐pathway was activated via the overexpression of the p16ink4a tumor suppressor or ectopic expression of an active allele of RB (PSM‐RB). While p16ink4a had no influence on cell cycle progression, PSM‐RB expression was sufficient to induce a cell cycle arrest in both SiHa and HeLa cells, HPV positive cervical cancer cell lines. Strikingly, this arrest led to the downregulation of E2F target gene expression, which was antagonized via enhanced HPV‐E7 expression. Since downmodulation of E7 function is associated with chronic growth arrest and senescence, the effect of PSM‐RB on proliferation and survival was evaluated. Surprisingly, sustained PSM‐RB expression impeded the proliferation of SiHa cells, resulting in both cell cycle inhibition and cell death. From these studies we conclude that active RB expression can sensitize specific cervical cancer cells to cell cycle inhibition and cell death. Thus, targeted therapies involving activation of RB function may be effective in inducing cell death in cervical cancer. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Design of triple‐band filters by using asymmetric parallel‐coupled lines
Authors: Zhao Hui , Cui Tie Jun 
Published: May 2008

AbstractIn this article we design triple‐band parallel‐coupled bandpass filters by using asymmetric parallel‐coupled lines which have more degrees of freedom to satisfy the coupling rules in the triple bands. Stepped‐impedance resonator is used with its controllable high‐order resonance frequencies. Two examples of filters are presented, in which simulation and measurement results have good agreements. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 2054–2058, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23553
All‐optical reconfigurable microwave photonic signal processor
Authors: Chan E. H. W. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractAn all‐optical reconfigurable high resolution microwave photonic signal processor is presented. It is based on a 2 × 1 electro‐optic modulator and an active‐fiber Bragg‐grating‐pair filter. Experimental results demonstrate a sharp bandpass filter response and a narrow stopband notch filter response which can be obtained by controlling the optical sources. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 1989–1991, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23557
A practical feeder for differential elliptical antennas in ultra wideband applications
Authors: Mehdipour Aidin , Mohammadpour‐Aghdam Karim , Kashani‐Khatib M. R. , Faraji‐Dana Reza 
Published: May 2008

AbstractIn antenna design, feeding structures may cause improper effects on the performance of antennas. In this article, a practical and efficient feeding structure for differential elliptical antennas (DEA) using the combination of CPW feed lines and a vertical balun transformer is presented and fabricated. Using the designed feed, return loss (VSWR), radiation pattern, and frequency/time domain characteristics of the antenna are evaluated numerically and experimentally. Besides a satisfactory agreement between simulation and experimental results, it is observed that the designed feeding structure works properly without deteriorating the antenna performance. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 2103–2107, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23560
Design of quasi‐Yagi antennas using an ultra‐wideband balun
Authors: Woo Dong Sik , Kim Young Gon , Kim Kang Wook , Cho Young Ki 
Published: May 2008

AbstractIn this study, a systematic and simplified design procedure for quasi‐Yagi antennas is presented. The design is based on the simple field and impedance matching among antenna components. This new antenna design is possible due to the newly developed ultra‐wideband balun. Two types of wideband quasi‐Yagi antennas are successfully designed and implemented in Ku‐ and Ka‐band with frequency bandwidths of 53.2% and 29.1%, respectively. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 2068–2071, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23563
Wideband integrated monopole slot antenna for WLAN/WiMAX operation in the mobile phone
Authors: Wong Kin‐Lu , Lai Peng‐Yu 
Published: May 2008

AbstractA promising design of the wideband integrated monopole slot antenna for WLAN/WiMAX operation in the mobile phone is presented. The antenna is integrated at one corner of the system circuit board of the mobile phone and consists of two portions, one on‐board slotted portion and one add‐on portion. The add‐on portion is printed on a small FR4 substrate as a surface‐mount element, which is vertically mounted and connected to the on‐board slotted portion to form as a monopole slot antenna. This integrated monopole slot antenna occupies a small volume in the mobile phone and shows a very wide bandwidth covering WLAN operation in the 2400–2484 MHz band and WiMAX operation in the 2500–2690/3300–3700 MHz bands. Detailed results of impedance and radiation characteristics of the proposed antenna are presented and discussed. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 2000–2005, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23566
Dual‐frequency circularly‐polarized microstrip antenna with switchable polarization sense
Authors: Wu Jia‐Feng , Row Jeen‐Sheen , Wong Kin‐Lu 
Published: May 2008

AbstractA dual‐frequency circularly‐polarized (CP) microstrip antenna capable of switching polarization sense is presented. The antenna is fed by a microstrip line through aperture coupling. First, it is found that a CP mode can be excited when the radiating patch is square and an open‐ring slot is used as the coupling aperture. Then, by truncating the radiating patch, another CP mode can be obtained. The two CP modes have reversed polarization senses, and their operating frequencies are different. For the proposed dual‐frequency CP microstrip antenna, two prototypes with frequency ratios of 1.07 and 1.23 were constructed, and voltage‐controlled diodes are employed to achieve the electrical switching between the two CP modes. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 2125–2128, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23569
MEMS‐reconfigurable bandpass filter
Authors: Corchia Laura , Monti Giuseppina , Tarricone Luciano 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThis article presents a MEMS‐based bandpass filter with a reconfigurable frequency response. The proposed device consists of a stub‐loaded Branch‐Line Coupler in artificial transmission line technology, resulting in a very compact structure. Furthermore, by using a micro electro mechanical system resistive switch, a reconfigurable frequency response has been obtained. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 2096–2099, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23570
A wideband microstrip antenna with symmetric radiation patterns
Authors: Kasabegoudar Veeresh G. , Vinoy K. J. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractA wideband microstrip antenna using a coplanar capacitive feed with nearly 50% impedance bandwidth has been realized on a stacked air‐dielectric substrate with only one metal layer above the ground plane. In this article an approach of modifying the patch shape is proposed to obtain symmetric radiation patterns in the entire frequency band of this antenna. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 1991–1995, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23575
Very‐low‐cost copper‐wire antenna for 2.4‐GHz WLAN operation
Authors: Chou Jui‐Hung , Su Saou‐Wen 
Published: May 2008

AbstractA very‐low‐cost copper‐wire antenna, easily fabricated by bending a single 70‐mm‐long copper wire two times, for WLAN operation in the 2.4‐GHz band (2400–2484 MHz) is presented. The antenna has a very simple structure and is easily fed by using a 50‐Ω mini‐coaxial cable. A prototype of the proposed antenna with the overall dimensions 40 mm × 5 mm is constructed and tested. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 2107–2109, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23589
UWB lowpass filter with novel comb CMRC
Authors: Zhang F. , Li C. F. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractA novel comb compact microstrip resonant cell (CCMRC) is first developed. The compact configuration presents ultra wide stopband and excellent slow‐wave characteristics. A UWB lowpass filter, consisting of three CCMRCs connected in series, is designed and fabricated. The proposed filter has the merits of low insertion loss in the passband, sharp, deep, and wide rejection in the stopband and compact size. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 2077–2079, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23590
Adaptive TRX isolation scheme by using TX leakage canceller at variable frequency
Authors: Jung Jin‐Woo , Roh Hyoung‐Hwan , Kwak Ho‐Gil , Sub Jeong Myoung , Park Jun‐Seok 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThis article presents a TX leakage cancellation scheme for UHF RFID readers. A prototype is implemented on a UHF RFID reader board, which includes a circulator, directional coupler, microcontrol unit (MCU)‐controlled variable attenuator, and phase shifter. The difference between a conventional TX leakage canceller and this new one is that, reflected signals caused by mismatches between the front‐end and the antenna are included; in addition, high isolation is supplemented at variable frequencies. About 10% of the frequency range is recovered by the best suited parameter values that provide a predetermined process of MCU; and thus, peak isolation characteristics are constantly guaranteed at each center frequency by phase‐shifted signal generation that follows references stored in MCU. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 2043–2045, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23592
Generation of dispersion‐free millimeter wave signals by double sideband modulation and vestigial sideband filtering techniques
Authors: Yun Xu Lan , Guo Yu Jian , Yun Xu Hong 
Published: May 2008

AbstractFiber dispersion in standard single mode fiber (SSMF) limits the maximum delivery distance for the optical millimeter (mm)‐wave signals generated by double sideband modulation and vestigial sideband filtering. We propose and experimentally demonstrate a novel scheme to generate mm‐wave signals without dispersion limitation. The power penalty for 2.5‐Gbit/s mm‐wave signals carried by 40‐GHz radio‐frequency after transmission over 80‐km SSMF is smaller than 0.5 dB. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 2158–2161, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23605
Improved EBG‐loaded waveguide low‐pass filter
Authors: Tang Yi‐ming , Yu Yan‐min , Wu Wen 
Published: May 2008

AbstractA new design of electromagnetic band gap (EBG) waveguide low‐pass filter (LPF) loaded with double‐array is described to improve the stopband characteristics. Broader gapband width, about 2‐GHz broader than the traditional filters, greater stopband attenuation, and moderate passband insert loss (0.5 dB) can be obtained. Theoretical and measured results are in good agreement. The filter can be employed for the out‐of‐passband clutter rejection of traditional filters. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 2090–2093, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23608
Compact reconfigurable circularly polarised microstrip antenna with asymmetric cross slots
Authors: Hyun D.‐H. , Baik J.‐W. , Kim Y.‐S. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractA single microstrip‐fed compact reconfigurable circularly polarized (CP) microstrip antenna with variable asymmetric cross slots using PIN diodes is proposed. It can be implemented by unequal length of cross slots on the patch, which are switched on and off using PIN diodes. Right hand circular polarization (RHCP) is obtained as diode‐off, while left hand circular polarization (LHCP) is excited when diodes are on. This proposed antenna can be switched flexibly under the changeable environment of wave propagation and used in the system required polarization diversity. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 2217–2219, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23609
Wide‐slot waveguide antenna on LTCC technology
Authors: Ooi B. L. , Ang Irene , Shan X. C. , Lu Albert , Fieck R. , Hristov H. D. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractA wide‐slot waveguide antenna implemented on low‐temperature cofired ceramic technology is presented. The overall antenna is excited by aperture coupling. The design is simulated and validated by experimental measurement. The measured result shows that a 10‐dB return loss has been achieved across the bandwidth from 2.6 GHz to 12.8 GHz, thus amounting to 132.5%. The measured radiation pattern of the proposed antenna is also presented and discussed. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 2181–2184, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23613
Automatic quantification of local and global articular cartilage surface curvature: Biomarkers for osteoarthritis?
Authors: Folkesson Jenny , Dam Erik B. , Olsen Ole F. , Karsdal Morten A. , Pettersen Paola C. , Christiansen Claus 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe objective of this study was to quantitatively assess the surface curvature of the articular cartilage from low‐field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data, and to investigate its role in populations with varying radiographic signs of osteoarthritis (OA), cross‐sectionally and longitudinally. The curvature of the articular surface of the medial tibial compartment was estimated both on fine and coarse scales using two different automatic methods which are both developed from an automatic 3D segmentation algorithm. Cross‐sectionally (n = 288), the surface curvature for both the fine‐ and coarse‐scale estimates were significantly higher in the OA population compared with the healthy population, with P < 0.001 and P ≪ 0.001, respectively. For the longitudinal study (n = 245), there was a significant increase in fine‐scale curvature for healthy and borderline OA populations (P < 0.001), and in coarse‐scale curvature for severe OA populations (P < 0.05). Fine‐scale curvature could predict progressors using the estimates of those healthy at baseline (P < 0.001). The inter‐scan precision was 2.2 and 6.5 (mean CV) for the fine‐ and coarse scale curvature measures, respectively. The results showed that quantitative curvature estimates from low‐field MRI at different scales could potentially become biomarkers targeted at different stages of OA. Magn Reson Med 59:1340–1346, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
MagA is sufficient for producing magnetic nanoparticles in mammalian cells, making it an MRI reporter
Authors: Zurkiya Omar , Chan Anthony W.S. , Hu Xiaoping 
Published: May 2008

AbstractMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is routinely used to obtain anatomical images that have greatly advanced biomedical research and clinical health care today, but the full potential of MRI in providing functional, physiological, and molecular information is only beginning to emerge. In this work, we sought to provide a gene expression marker for MRI based on bacterial magnetosomes, tiny magnets produced by naturally occurring magnetotactic bacteria. Specifically, magA, a gene in magnetotactic bacteria known to be involved with iron transport, is expressed in a commonly used human cell line, 293FT, resulting in the production of magnetic, iron‐oxide nanoparticles by these cells and leading to increased transverse relaxivity. MRI shows that these particles can be formed in vivo utilizing endogenous iron and can be used to visualize cells positive for magA. These results demonstrate that magA alone is sufficient to produce magnetic nanoparticles and that it is an appropriate candidate for an MRI reporter gene. Magn Reson Med 59:1225–1231, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Improving the pharmacokinetic parameter measurement in dynamic contrast‐enhanced MRI by use of the arterial input function: Theory and clinical application
Authors: Yang Xiangyu , Liang Jiachao , Heverhagen Johannes T. , Jia Guang , Schmalbrock Petra , Sammet Steffen , Koch Regina , Knopp Michael V. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractOne of the most powerful features of the dynamic contrast‐enhanced (DCE) MRI technique is its capability to quantitatively measure the physiological or pathophysiological environments assessed by the passage of contrast agent by means of model‐based pharmacokinetic analysis. The widely used two‐compartment pharmacokinetic model developed by Brix and colleges fits tumor data well in most cases, but fails to explain the biexponential arterial input function. In this work, this problem has been attacked from a theoretical point of view, showing that this problem can be solved by adopting a more realistic model assumption when simplifying the general solutions of the two‐compartment pharmacokinetic equations. Pharmacokinetic parameters derived from our model were demonstrated to have comparative tissue specificity to Ktrans from Larsson's model, better than those from Brix's model and the empirical area‐under‐the‐curve (AUC). Tissue‐type classifier constructed with the arterial input function–decomposed kep‐kpe pair from our model was also demonstrated to have superior performance than any other classifier based on DCE‐MRI pharmacokinetic parameters or empirical AUC. The feature that this classifier has a near‐zero false‐negative rate makes it a highly desirable tool for clinical diagnostic and response assessment applications. Magn Reson Med 59:1448–1456, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Adapting the clinical MRI software environment for real‐time navigation of an endovascular untethered ferromagnetic bead for future endovascular interventions
Authors: Chanu Arnaud , Felfoul Ouajdi , Beaudoin Gilles , Martel Sylvain 
Published: May 2008

AbstractA dedicated software architecture for a novel interventional method allowing the navigation of ferromagnetic endovascular devices using a standard real‐time clinical MRI system is shown. Through a specially developed software environment integrating a tracking method and a real‐time controller algorithm, a clinical 1.5T Siemens Avanto MRI system is adapted to provide new functionality for potential automated interventional applications. The proposed software architecture was successfully validated through in vivo controlled navigation inside the carotid artery of a swine. Here we present how this MRI‐upgraded software environment could also be used in more complex vasculature models through the real‐time navigation of a 1.5 mm diameter chrome steel bead in two different MR‐compatible phantoms with flowless and quiescent flow conditions. The developed platform and software modules needed for such navigation are also presented. Real‐time tracking achieved through a dedicated positioning method based on an off‐resonance excitation technique has also been successfully integrated in the software platform while maintaining adequate real‐time performance. These preliminary feasibility experiments suggest that navigation of such devices can be achieved using a similar software architecture on other conventional clinical MRI systems at an operational closed‐loop control frequency of 32 Hz. Magn Reson Med 59:1287–1297, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ross syndrome associated with cytomegalovirus infection
Authors: Nagane Yuriko , Utsugisawa Kimiaki 
Published: May 2008

AbstractWe report a 40‐year‐old woman who developed Ross syndrome (impairment of sweating and thermoregulation, tonic pupils, and hyporeflexia) associated with cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. Her serum CMV IgM and IgG antibody titer levels were elevated. Along with clinical improvement, a gradual decrease of her elevated CMV IgM antibody titer level was seen with a continued increase in her CMV IgG antibody titer level. The CMV IgM antibody titer was also positive in the cerebrospinal fluid. Muscle Nerve, 2008