bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute liver acetaminophen toxicity in rabbits and the use of antidotes: a metabonomic approach in serum
Authors: Zira Athina , Mikros Emmanuel , Giannioti Konstantina , Galanopoulou Panagiota , Papalois Apostolos , Liapi Charis , Theocharis Stamatios 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe metabonomic approach has been widely used in toxicology to investigate mechanisms of toxicity. In the present study alterations in the metabolic profiles, monitored by1H‐NMR spectroscopy, on serum samples in acetaminophen (APAP)‐induced liver injury in rabbits were examined. Furthermore, the effect of the established antidoteN‐acetylcysteine (NAC) and the proposed antidotes silybinin (SIL), cimetidine (CIM) and SIL/CIM was also investigated. A single dose of APAP (2 g kg−1b.w., i.g.) was administered to rabbits and APAP combined with the antidotes SIL, CIM and NAC. Animals were sacrificed at 24 h post‐APAP treatment. Healthy untreated animals served as controls.1H‐NMR spectra of serum samples were acquired and underwent principal component analysis (PCA). Acute liver injury was verified by histopathological examination and the alterations of serum biochemical enzymes AST and ALT.1H‐NMR spectroscopy revealed variations in the serum metabolic profile of APAP‐intoxicated rabbits compared with controls. Co‐administration of APAP with NAC, CIM and SIL + CIM seems to ameliorate the metabolic profile of animals compared with simply APAP‐treated ones. In this study, the model of APAPinduced liver injury was successfully described using the1H‐NMR based metabonomic approach in serum. Furthermore, the use of antidotes that reduced the toxic insult was also recorded using this technique. The combination of NMR spectroscopy and PCA is a rapid methodology, capable of detecting alterations in the metabolic profile, and produces adequate models that could be used for the characterization of unknown samples, both experimental and clinical, reinforcing its future use in clinical settings.Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On the maximum cocliques of the rank 3 graph of 211 : M24
Authors: Horiguchi Naoyuki , Kitazume Masaaki , Nakasora Hiroyuki 
Published: March 2009

AbstractIn this article, we consider the maximum cocliques of the 211: M24 ‐graph Λ. We show that the maximum cocliques of size 24 of Λ can be obtained from two Hadamard matrices of size 24, and that there are exactly two maximum cocliques up to equivalence. We verify that the two nonisomorphic designs with parameters 5‐(24,9,6) can be constructed from the maximum cocliques of Λ, and that these designs are isomorphic to the support designs of minimum weights of the ternary extended quadratic residue and Pless symmetry [24,12,9] codes. Further, we give a new construction of Λ from these 5‐(24,9,6) designs. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Combin Designs 17: 323–332, 2009
On arcs sharing the maximum number of points with ovals in cyclic affine planes of odd order
Authors: Korchmáros Gábor , Sonnino Angelo 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe sporadic complete 12‐arc in PG(2, 13) contains eight points from a conic. In PG(2,q) withq>13 odd, all known completek‐arcs sharing exactly ½(q+3) points with a conic 𝒞 have size at most ½(q+3)+2, with only two exceptions, both due to Pellegrino, which are complete (½(q+3)+3) arcs, one in PG(2, 19) and another in PG(2, 43). Here, three further exceptions are exhibited, namely a complete (½(q+3)+4)‐arc in PG(2, 17), and two complete (½(q+3)+3)‐arcs, one in PG(2, 27) and another in PG(2, 59). The main result is Theorem 6.1 which shows the existence of a (½(qr+3)+3)‐arc in PG(2,qr) withrodd andq≡3 (mod 4) sharing ½(qr+3) points with a conic, whenever PG(2,q) has a (½(qr+3)+3)‐arc sharing ½(qr+3) points with a conic. A survey of results for smallerqobtained with the use of the MAGMA package is also presented. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Combin Designs 18: 25–47, 2010
Microwave photocatalysis II: novel continuous‐flow microwave photocatalytic experimental set‐up with titania‐coated mercury electrodeless discharge lamps
Authors: Žabová Hana , Církva Vladimír , Hájek Milan 
Published: March 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: A continuous‐flow microwave photocatalytic reactor was set up consisting of a glass tube equipped with microwave powered mercury electrodeless discharge lamps (EDLs) coated with thin films of nanoporous titanium(IV) oxide. The effect of operational parameters on photocatalytic degradation of aqueous mono‐chloroacetic acid (MCAA) by a TiO2/UV/MW process was investigated.RESULTS: Studies were carried out at a relatively high concentration of MCAA (0.1 mol L−1), and revealed that reaction temperature and light intensity of the EDLs depend inversely on the flow rate, but that the 366 nm line intensity of EDL is directly proportional to the reaction temperature. The photodegradation of MCAA was enhanced by heating and significantly enhanced by air bubbling of the reaction mixture in the glass reservoir at laboratory temperature. The photocatalytic efficiency increased with the number of titania‐coated EDLs inserted in the glass tube reactor.CONCLUSIONS: It was found that the operational parameters (i.e. flow rate, reaction temperature, number of titania‐coated EDLs, and air bubbling) had important effects on degradation efficiency. The photocatalytic degradation of MCAA on thin films of titanium(IV) oxide in the continuous‐flow microwave photoreactor can be enhanced in the TiO2/UV/MW system. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Determinants of eggshell strength in endangered raptors
Authors: Castilla Aurora M. , Herrel Anthony , Van Dongen Stefan , Furio Naoki , Negro Juan José 
Published: March 2009

AbstractWe compared eggshell strength in a group of falcon taxa including the peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus peregrinus), the red shaheen falcon (F. peregrinus babylonicus), the saker falcon (F. cherrug), the gyr falcon (F. rusticolus) and some interspecific and intraspecific hybrids. Our results showed that smaller falcons (<1,000 g) of the peregrine group have eggshells that are significantly softer ($\bar{x}$=13.3 N) and thinner ($\bar{x}$=0.26 mm) (n=107 eggs) than larger falcons (>1,000 g) of the gyr‐saker group ($\bar{x}$=20.8 N and 0.39 mm, respectively, n=81 eggs). We found a significant positive correlation between egg hardness and eggshell thickness. Linear mixed models showed that clutches from heavier females consisted of larger and harder eggs with thicker shells and thicker egg membranes. Eggs produced by older females and eggs laid later in the laying sequence were relatively smaller and softer and had relatively thin egg membranes and eggshells. Individual females, irrespective of their age, contributed significantly to the observed variation in egg strength. Egg size and hardness of hybrid eggs were similar to that of the pure species suggesting that hybridization does not affect eggshell hardness or thickness. Our study provides quantitative evidence of several factors, other than levels of contamination, which may affect eggshell thickness and hardness in falcons. J. Exp. Zool. 311A:303–311, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Chimerization of astroglial population in the lumbar spinal cord after mesenchymal stem cell transplantation prolongs survival in a rat model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Boucherie Cédric , Schäfer Sabrina , Lavand'homme Patricia , Maloteaux Jean‐Marie , Hermans Emmanuel 
Published: March 2009

AbstractAdult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) exhibit neuroprotective properties when introduced into the degenerating central nervous system through different putative mechanisms including secretion of growth factors and transdifferentiation. In the present study, we injected MSCs into the cerebrospinal fluid of symptomatic hSOD1G93A rats, a transgenic animal model of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) expressing a mutated form of the human superoxide dismutase. MSCs were found to infiltrate the nervous parenchyma and migrate substantially into the ventral gray matter, where motor neurons degenerate. Even though overall astrogliosis was not modified, MSCs differentiated massively into astrocytes at the site of degeneration. The intrathecal delivery of MSCs and the subsequent generation of healthy astrocytes at symptomatic stage decreased motor neuron loss in the lumbar spinal cord, preserving motor functions and extending the survival of hSOD1G93A rats. This neuroprotection was correlated with decreased inflammation, as shown by the lower proliferation of microglial cells and the reduced expressiontion of COX‐2 and NOX‐2. Together, these data highlight the protective capacity of adult MSC‐derived astrocytes when grafted into the central nervous system and illustrate an attractive strategy to target excessive inflammation in ALS. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Rac1 inhibition negatively regulates transcriptional activity of the amyloid precursor protein gene
Authors: Wang Pi‐Lin , Niidome Tetsuhiro , Akaike Akinori , Kihara Takeshi , Sugimoto Hachiro 
Published: March 2009

AbstractRac1, a member of the Rho family GTPases, participates in a variety of cellular functions including lamellipodia formation, actin cytoskeleton organization, cell growth, apoptosis, and neuronal development. Recent studies have implicated Rac1 in cytoskeletal abnormalities, production of reactive oxygen species, and generation of the amyloid β‐peptide (Aβ) observed in Alzheimer's disease. In this study, we examined the relationship between Rac1 and amyloid precursor protein (APP), because the abnormal proteolytic processing of APP is a pathologic feature of Alzheimer's disease. In primary hippocampal neurons, the Rac1‐specific inhibitor NSC23766 decreased both Rac1 activity and APP protein levels in a concentration‐dependent manner. To elucidate how NSC23766 decreases APP protein levels, we examined the effects of NSC23766 on APP processing, degradation, and biosynthesis. NSC23766 did not increase the levels of the proteolytic products of APP, sAPPα, Aβ40, and Aβ42. The proteasome inhibitor lactacystin did not reverse the NSC23766‐induced decrease in APP protein levels. NSC23766 did, however, decrease the levels of both APP mRNA and APP protein. Decreased levels of APP mRNA and protein were also observed when HEK293 cells were transfected with an expression vector containing a dominant‐negative Rac1 mutant or with siRNA targeting Rac1. By overexpressing progressively deleted fragments of the APP promoter in HEK293 cells, we identified a Rac1 response site at positions −233 to −41 bp in the APP promoter. Taken together, our results suggest that Rac1 regulates transcription of the APP gene in primary hippocampal neurons. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Surgical management of gastrointestinal stromal tumors: Analysis of outcome with respect to surgical margins and technique
Authors: Everett Marc , Gutman Haim 
Published: March 2009

AbstractWhen this article was originally published in J Surg Oncol. 2008 Dec 15;98(8):588–593 (2008), it contained error in the degree of Marc Everett. The corrected degree appears above in the authorship. The publisher deeply regrets the error.
A prospective randomized evaluation of scar assessment measures
Authors: Brandt Michael G. , Moore Corey C. , Micomonaco Damian , Fung Kevin , Franklin Jason H. , Yoo John , Doyle Philip C. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To determine the efficacy of interventions to improve and monitor skin scarring, a valid assessment instrument must be used. Current tools used for the evaluation of skin scarring employ equal appearing interval (EAI) scales that assume scar dimensions conform to linear models. Some scar features meet these assumptions, whereas others may not be accurately described. This study determined if current methods of scar evaluation validly characterize inherent features of scars, and in doing so, empirically validate if specific scar dimensions were best represented by linear or nonlinear mathematical models.Study Design:Prospective, randomized, cross‐over trial.Methods:Twenty‐seven observers evaluated 30 scar photos utilizing both EAI and direct magnitude estimation (DME) scaling methods. The method of scaling and the assessed dimensions of vascularity, pigmentation, thickness, pliability, and surface area were randomized. EAI and DME data were evaluated to identify whether each scar dimension conformed to linear or curvilinear mathematical models.Results:Best‐fit analysis revealed the dimensions of vascularity and pigmentation to be more accurately described using curvilinear functions, whereas pliability, thickness and surface area were best defined using linear models.Conclusions:The scar dimension under assessment must be considered when attempting to validly apply an assessment instrument. Several commonly evaluated dimensions of skin scarring are not appropriately characterized using linear EAI scales. Thus, present assessment instruments must be revised to account for this aberration to allow for a valid means of objectively evaluating skin scarring. Laryngoscope, 2009
Histologic study of gore‐tex removed after rhinoplasty
Authors: Jang Tae Young , Choi Ji Yun , Jung Dong Hak , Park Hyo Jin , Lim Sung Chul 
Published: March 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Gore‐Tex is known to be a relatively safe material. However, it leads to complications. Although widely used, the reasons complications occur are poorly understood. Thus, this study attempted to investigate histological changes between the Gore‐Tex, removed within a certain period of time after rhinoplasty, and its neighboring tissues.Methods:This study involved 122 Gore‐Tex samples obtained at the time of reoperation in patients who had undergone augmentation rhinoplasty. The subject group included 31 men and 91 women. The mean patient age was 30.2 years, and the mean Gore‐Tex implantation period was 23.2 months (range, 1 week–13 years). We noted the shapes of the Gore‐Tex samples, their relationships and extent of adhesion with neighboring tissues, and the changes of thickness. We also observed tissue ingrowth, calcification, inflammation, foreign body reaction, and structural changes using light microscopy and electron microscopy.Results:After the Gore‐Tex samples had been in place for an extended period of time, the neighboring tissues grew into the central portions of the samples, which enhanced adhesion between the samples and the tissues. In addition, Gore‐Tex samples that had been implanted for longer periods of time were associated with decreased thickness and calcification, foreign body reactions, and increased structural changes.Conclusions:In contrast to previous studies, our study showed that Gore‐Tex samples implanted in human bodies for extended periods of time prompted ingrowth of neighboring tissues, calcified tissue degeneration, and inflammation. Foreign body reactions were found in a large number of samples. The Gore‐Tex structures were destroyed and transformed. As a result, it is important to follow the stability of Gore‐Tex material on a long‐term basis. Laryngoscope, 2009
Transcriptional regulation of Foxp3 gene: Multiple signal pathways on the road
Authors: Shen Zhu , Chen Ling , Hao Fei , Wu Jinjin 
Published: March 2009

AbstractFoxp3, forkhead/winged helix transcription factor 3, is a master transcription factor for the development and function of regulatory T cells. Foxp3 has been proved to be associated with immunoregulation, autoimmune diseases, infections, and tumor immune evasion/escape. Foxp3 regulates other critical gene transcriptions. However, the mechanism how the transcription of Foxp3 itself is regulated remains partly clear. In this article, we provided an overview of the current understanding of the transcriptional regulation of Foxp3 gene, including signaling pathways initiated by TCR, IL‐2R/STAT pathway, TGF‐β/Smad pathway, PI3K/Akt/mTOR axis, Notch signal pathway, IFN/IRF and IFN/nitric oxide axis, and epigenetic mechanisms. Some therapeutic agents on Foxp3 regulation were also reviewed. Points for attention in further study of Foxp3 transcription regulation, such as the combinations/cross‐talks, the bi‐directional functions, and species specificity of these pathways, were discussed as well. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Med Res Rev, 29, No. 5, 742–766, 2009
Analysis of bladder diary with urinary perception to assess overactive bladder symptoms in community‐dwelling women
Authors: Honjo Hisashi , Kawauchi Akihiro , Ukimura Osamu , Nakao Masahiro , Kitakoji Hiroshi , Miki Tsuneharu 
Published: March 2009

AbstractAimBladder diaries including bladder perception grades were analyzed to assess overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms in community‐dwelling women 40 years of age or older.MethodsThree hundred ten women (mean 58 years) completed a 3‐day bladder diary. The perception grades were defined as follows: 0 = no bladder sensation, 1 = sensation of bladder filling without desire to void, 2 = desire to void, 3 = strong desire to void, 4 = urgency without urge urinary incontinence (UUI), and 5 = urgency with UUI.ResultsForty‐eight women (15.5%) had OAB symptoms on medical interview, including 37 (11.9%) without UUI (OAB‐Dry) and 11 (3.5%) with UUI (OAB‐Wet). In the analysis of 5,709 voids, the voided volume significantly increased with the grades of perception. The 24 hr voided volume in the OAB‐Dry group was significantly larger than that in the Normal group. The average voided volume in the OAB‐Wet group was significantly smaller than in the OAB‐Dry and the Normal groups. The mean voided volume at grade 3 in the Normal without urgency group was significantly larger than volumes in any other group. In the analysis of grades 4 and 5, voided volumes in the OAB‐Wet group were significantly smaller than those in the Normal and/or OAB‐Dry groups.ConclusionsA bladder diary that includes a new bladder perception grade was thought to be useful in assessing urinary sensation or incontinence as well as voiding pattern. The causes of symptoms such as urgency or urinary frequency may be different between the Normal, OAB‐Dry, and OAB‐Wet groups. Neurourol. Urodynam. 28:982–985, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Evidence of multiexponential T2 in rat glioblastoma
Authors: Dortch Richard D. , Yankeelov Thomas E. , Yue Zoe , Quarles Christopher C. , Gore John C. , Does Mark D. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe aim of this study was to characterize multiexponential T2 (MET2) relaxation in a rat C6 glioblastoma tumor model. To do this, rats (n = 11) were inoculated with the C6 cells via stereotaxic injection into the brain. Ten days later, MET2 measurements were performed in vivo using a single‐slice, multi‐echo spin‐echo sequence at 7.0 T. Tumor signal was biexponential in eight animals with a short‐lived T2 component (T2 = 20.7 ± 5.4 ms across samples) representing 6.8 ± 6.2% of the total signal and a long‐lived T2 component (T2 = 76.4 ± 9.3 ms) representing the remaining signal fraction. In contrast, signal from contralateral grey matter was consistently monoexponential (T2 = 48.8 ± 2.3 ms). Additional ex vivo studies (n = 3) and Monte Carlo simulations showed that the in vivo results were not significantly corrupted by partial volume averaging or noise. The underlying physiological origin of the observed MET2 components is unknown; however, MET2 analysis may hold promise as a non‐invasive tool for characterizing tumor microenvironment in vivo on a sub‐voxel scale. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Almost sure asymptotic optimality for online routing and machine scheduling problems
Authors: Jaillet Patrick , Wagner Michael R. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractIn this article, we study algorithms for online routing and machine scheduling problems. The problems are “online” because the problem instances are revealed incrementally. We first study algorithms for the online Traveling Repairman Problem (TRP), where a single server is to visit a set of locations in a network with the objective of minimizing the sum of weighted completion times. We then analyze well‐known online algorithms for a variety of machine scheduling problems, which are appropriate models for many network optimization problems; in the scheduling notation of Graham et al. 18, we consider 1|rj,pmtn|∑jwjCj, 1|rj|∑jwjCj, Q|rj,pmtn|∑jCj, P|rj|∑jCj, Q|rj,pmtn|∑jwjCj and Q|rj|∑jwjCj. We introduce general probabilistic assumptions about the problem data as a tool to study the online algorithms for these online combinatorial problems. The algorithms do not utilize the underlying probabilistic assumptions in any way. We prove that these online algorithms are almost surely asymptotically optimal. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. NETWORKS, 2010
Parallelization in time for thermo‐viscoplastic problems in extrusion of aluminium
Authors: Celledoni Elena , Kvamsdal Trond 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe ParaReal algorithm (C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris 2001; 332:1–6) is a parallel approach for solving numerically systems of ordinary differential equations by exploiting parallelism across the steps of the numerical integrator. The method performs well for dissipative problems and problems of fluid–structure interaction (Int. J. Numer. Methods Engng 2003; 58:1397–1434). We consider here a convergence analysis for the method and we report the performance achieved from the parallelization of a Stokes/Navier–Stokes code via the ParaReal algorithm. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Information asymmetries as trade barriers: ISO 9000 increases international commerce
Authors: Potoski Matthew , Prakash Aseem 
Published: March 2009

AbstractSpatial, cultural, and linguistic barriers create information asymmetries between buyers and sellers that impede international trade. The International Organization for Standardization's ISO 9000 program is designed to reduce these information asymmetries by providing assurance about the product quality of firms that receive its certification. Based on analyses of a panel of 140 countries from 1994 to 2004, we find that ISO 9000 certification levels are associated with increases in countries' bilateral exports, particularly for developing countries' exports, which may be due to their more severe quality assurance challenges. © 2009 by the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management.
Understanding commenter influence during agency rule development
Authors: Naughton Keith , Schmid Celeste , Yackee Susan Webb , Zhan Xueyong 
Published: March 2009

AbstractWe provide the first empirical assessment of commenter influence during the rule development stage of administrative rulemaking. We argue that public com‐menters play a critical agenda‐setting role during rule development. To test this proposition, we analyze data from 36 Department of Transportation rules and almost 500 comments. Each of these rules began with an Advance Notice of Proposed Rulemaking—a procedure that allows us to track the formal participation of interested parties during rule development. Our analyses are supplemented by face‐to‐face interviews with agency officials. We find a strong agenda‐setting role for early commenters—both in terms of affecting the content of future regulations and in thwarting unwanted regulations. We conclude that “early‐bird” com‐menters are well positioned to frame public policy debates as rules move through the regulatory process. © 2009 by the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management.