bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hemodynamic changes after angiocardiography with a new low osmolar contrast medium (sodium‐meglumin‐joxaglat)
Authors: Theler August , Baur Facc Hans R. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractWe evaluated the hemodynamic effects of sodium‐meglumin‐joxaglat (Hexabrix®) compared to sodium‐meglumin‐diatrizoat (Urografin 76®) after left ventriculography in a double‐blind randomized study on 24 patients (12 patients per group). Hemodynamic measurements at rest and the extent of ischemic heart disease were comparable in the two groups. Measurements were made at rest and between the second and third minute, between the fifth and sixth minute, and between the eighth and ninth minute following injection of 0.7 ml/kg of contrast medium into the left ventricle. Additionally left ventricular volumes and ejection fraction of the second and fifth beat following the onset of injection were calculated. The discomfort was graded by the patients on a scale of 1–4. After 3 min there was a significant but comparable increase in right atrial, pulmonary artery, and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (64, 35, and 61%, respectively for the Hexabrix® group and 61, 36, and 58% for the Urografin® group). Cardiac index and stroke volume index rose significantly higher in the Urografin group and left ventricular work index increased significantly only after injection of Urografin 76. Ejection fraction decreased 11% in the Hexabrix® group and 9% in the Urografin® group. The grade of discomfort was 1.83 ± 1 in Hexabrix® group and 2.83 ± 0.8 in the Urografin® group (p < 0.05). Thus, Hexabrix® represents an advance in angiocardiography, both from the subjective and objective standpoint.
Salutary effect of nifedipine in pacing‐induced angina: Relation to afterload reduction
Authors: Tiefenbrunn Facc Alan J. , Sobel Facc Burton E. , Ludbrook Facc Philip A. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractTo determine the mechanisms responsible for beneficial effects of nifedipine in pacing‐induced angina pectoris, 20 patients undergoing diagnostic cardiac catheterization were studied. Following left ventriculography and coronary arteriography, right atrial pacing was performed before and 30 min after administration of 20 mg of nifedipine sublingually. Heart rate was increased by 10‐beat‐per‐minute (bpm) increments every 90 sec until angina occurred. Electrocardiogram, central aortic pressure, and pulmonary arterial occlusive pressure were monitored continuously. Mean paced heart rate at the onset of angina was increased from 107 ± 12.6 bpm to 140.6 ± 19.9 (P <.001) after nifedipine. Systolic arterial pressure at the time of angina declined from 143 ± 20 mm Hg to 112 ± 23 mm Hg (P <.001). Consequently, the double product heart rate × systolic blood pressure was not changed significantly at the onset of chest pain (149 ± 28 mm Hg × 10−2 vs. 142 ± 28 mm Hg × 10−2). Pulmonary arterial occlusive pressure also did not change significantly (10.4 ± 4.4 vs. 10.5 ± 5.9 mm Hg). Thus, nifedipine decreased myocardial oxygen demand at a given heart rate by reducing left ventricular afterload, but did not increase the rate pressure product threshold for ischemic pain. These results indicate that peripheral arterial vasodilator effects of nifedipine, with a resultant decrease in myocardial oxygen requirements, account for its antianginal effect in this setting in patients with fixed obstructive coronary artery disease.
Transcatheter embolization of a leaking pseudoaneurysm of saphenous vein aortocoronary bypass graft
Authors: Kim Ducksoo , Guthaner Diana F. , Wexler Lewis 
Published: March 2007

AbstractWe present a case of successful transcatheter embolization of a leaking pseudoaneurysm of an autogenous saphenous vein aortocoronary graft that developed 9 years following bypass surgery.
Catheter fragmentation: A potential source of catheter embolus
Authors: Schmierer Jeffrey A. , Isner Jeffrey M. , Konstam Marvin A. , Salem Deeb N. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractAortic root angiography in the patient described in the present report was complicated by precipitious catheter occlusion. Analysis of the occluding fragment by infrared spectroscopy indicated that it was a urethane structure, suggesting that the occluding fragment resulted from spontaneous fragmentation of the polyurethane catheter. Experience with this patient thus documents the potential for nonblood catheter embolus.
Streptokinase thrombolysis of a chronically thrombosed mitral prosthetic valve
Authors: Gagnon R. M. , Beaudet R. , Lemire J. , Carignan L. , Guimond C. , Cousineau G. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThrombus obstruction of a prosthetic heart valve is usually treated surgically. We report a well‐documented case of an obstructed mitral prosthetic valve where fibrinolytic treatment was successful. Furthermore the thrombus formation probably had occurred 6 months earlier. Thus fibrinolysis appears to be a safe alternative to surgery although late occurrence of thrombosis may be possible.
Intraoperative use of dual fiberoptic catheter for simultaneous in vivo visualization and laser vaporization of peripheral atherosclerotic obstructive disease
Authors: Lee Garrett , Ikeda Richard M. , Stobbe Daniel , Ogata Claire , Embi Abraham , Chan Ming C. , Reis Robert L. , Mason Dean T. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractSince laser energy has been shown to produce controlled thermal injury to atherosclerotic plaques from postmortem human hearts, a 3‐mm diameter fiberoptic catheter was devised and tested for use in peripheral vessels. The catheter has channels for viewing, laser delivery, and suction/flushing. In five femoral or carotid arteries from three dogs implanted with near‐total human atherosclerotic obstructions, the fiberoptic catheter was capable of viewing and targeting the atherosclerotic plaque for laser irradiation. The plaque was vaporized using 5 watts with time exposures lasting from 2 to 5 sec from an argon‐ion laser. In three other animals each implanted with a 3‐ to 4‐cm long segment of human cadaver atherosclerotic vessel, the fiberoptic catheter clearly visualized the internal diseased vascular wall. Thus, this investigation provides the initial demonstration and practicality of applying a flexible dual fiberoptic catheter for simultaneous in vivo visualization and laser vaporization of peripheral atherosclerotic disease.
Outpatient coronary arteriography
Authors: Fierens Enrique 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA total of 12,719 outpatient coronary angiograms have been performed, using the Sones Technique, at Butterworth Hospital in Grand Rapids, Michigan, over the past 14 years. A consecutive series of 5,107 of these outpatient angiograms were selected for review here. Sixty‐one percent of these patients were diagnosed with coronary artery disease. No deaths occurred in this series. Only 2.22% of patients in this series had complications. Outpatient coronary angiography is a safe, cost‐effective, and efficient diagnostic technique.
Reoperation for correction of anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery with return of left ventricular function
Authors: Savage Rodney W. , Glover Matthew U. , Utley Joe R. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractAn adult patient is presented in whom anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery was diagnosed in infancy. Initial treatment included a palliative poudrage procedure. Resulting widespread, dense adhesions were encountered during reoperation in adulthood and precluded direct reimplantation of the left coronary artery into the aorta. Instead, a tunnel within the pulmonary artery was constructed from the aorta to the left coronary ostium using a baffle of woven Dacron. Preoperative and postoperative studies showed improvement in ejection fraction and resolution of diaphragmatic hypokinesis.
Technical considerations for cardiac laboratory high‐definition video systems
Authors: Gray Joel E. , Wondrow Merrill A. , Smith Hugh C. , Holmes David R. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractWith the expanding use of video systems in diagnostic imaging a significant benefit could be obtained by applying this technology in the cardiac catheterization laboratory. Reduced radiation exposure to the patient and staff, reduced examination cost by the elimination of cine film and equipment (cameras, processors, etc), and instant replay of each injection would result in improved patient care. We discuss the technical parameters of a video system which we have found suitable for diagnostic purposes and describe how this system is used on a day‐to‐day basis. In addition, the technical aspects of higher bandwidth, higher line rate systems is presented, and we show that these more sophisticated systems provide no advantage over conventional high‐definition television and, in fact, degrade the diagnostic quality of the image.
Rapid progression of coronary stenosis in patients with unstable angina pectoris selected for coronary angioplasty
Authors: Kimbiris Demetrios , Iskandrian Abdulmassih , Saras Harry , Goel Inder , Bemis Charles E. , Segal Bernard L. , Mundth Eldred 
Published: March 2007

AbstractWe studied the course of coronary stenosis in the first 62 patients (45 men and 17 women) referred for coronary angioplasty in the interval between the diagnostic arteriogram and the preangioplasty coronary arteriogram. In 42 patients, the stenosis was in the left anterior descending artery, in 17 patients in the right coronary artery, in one patient in the left circumflex, and in two patients in the vein graft. Twenty‐six patients had stable angina pectoris, 34 patients had unstable angina, and two patients had no angina. The coronary stenosis did not change significantly in any patient with stable angina. Conversely, the stenosis progressed in nine of the 34 patients with unstable angina (26.5%). In five of the nine patients with progression, total occlusion ensued. In four of the five patients total occlusion occurred within the 45‐day interval between the diagnostic and the preangioplasty coronary arteriogram. New or increased preexisting collaterals to the occluded vessel developed in all five patients with total occlusion. None of these patients had clinical or electrocardiographic evidence of myocardial infarction or significant changes in ventricular function. Angiographic evidence of thrombi was seen in ten of 34 patients with unstable angina (29%). We concluded that coronary artery stenosis in patients with unstable angina pectoris is progressive in a significant number after a short time. The cause of progression of coronary stenosis in patients with unstable angina is unknown. Since in a significant number of patients with unstable angina coronary thrombus was suggested by angiography, coronary thrombosis superimposed on coronary atherosclerosis may play a significant role in this syndrome. Further prospective studies are needed, including repeat coronary arteriograms to evaluate the cause of unstable angina, define the role of coronary thrombosis, and evaluate the efficacy of more aggressive treatment adding the use of prolong heparin and antiplatelet agents prior to coronary angioplasty.
Effects of angiographic contrast medium on left ventricular function: Evaluation by contrast angiography and radionuclide angiography
Authors: Mattleman Steven , Hakki A‐Hamid , Iskandrian Abdulmassih S. , Kane Sally A. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of angiographic contrast medium on left ventricular (LV) function in 26 patients undergoing diagnostic cardiac catheterization. Beat‐by‐beat analysis during contrast ventriculography showed that the ejection fraction (EF) was lower in the last beats than in the first beats (P <.02). Radionuclide angiograms were obtained the day before, as well as 15 to 65 minutes after catheterization, which included contrast ventriculography and coronary anteriography. The EF by radionuclide angiography was lower after catheterization than before (43 ± 14% vs 47 ± 17%, P <.01). The EF decreased by ≥ 5% in 11 of the 26 patients (42%) after catheterization. The decrease in EF in some patients was observed up to 65 minutes after catheterization and was not associated with symptoms or ST‐T changes. The EF decreased in only one of nine patients who received nitroglycerin during catheterization, whereas it decreased in 10 of 17 patients who did not receive nitroglycerin (P <.05). The EF decreased in 9 of 14 patients (64%) who had normal resting LV function, whereas it decreased in only 2 of 12 patients (17%) who had abnormal resting function (P <.05). Thus, contrast material may depress LV function up to 1 hr and is more frequent in patients with normal resting EF. The use of nitroglycerin during catheterization may mask this effect.
Single versus biplane right and left ventricular volumetry: A cast and clinical study
Authors: Formanek A. , Schey H. V. M. , Ekstrand K. E. , Velasquez G. , D'Souza V. J. , Glass T. A. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractTrue volume (y) and measured volume (x) determined from 23 right and 22 left normal human casts in four biplane angiographic positions and in their eight single‐plane components were used to find the correction factor (b) by regression through the origin (y = bx). The correction factors were applied to human studies to assess the validity of the various biplane and single‐plane modalities in vivo. The casts studies yield excellent correlations in both right and left biplane methods (right volumetry: 0.555 ≤ b ≤ 0.708, 0.917 ≤ r ≤ 0.954, 4.10 ≤ SEE ≤ 6.01 left volumetry: 0.748 ≤ b ≤ 0.825, 0.974 ≤ r ≤ 0.982, 4.81 ≤ SEE 5.79). Good results were obtained with single‐plane volumetries as well (right volumetry: 0.316 ≤ b ≤ 0.887, 0.750 ≤ r ≤ 0.917, 10.75 ≤ SEE ≤ 18.96; left volumetry: 0.728 ≤ b ≤ 0.881, 0.897 ≤ r ≤ 0.976, 5.73 ≤ SEE ≤ 11.97). The correction factors for the single‐plane studies depend much more strongly on the spatial position relative to the radiographic system, particularly in the case of the right ventricular volumes. Thus, the application of the appropriate correction factors is mandatory. The human studies (141 left and 60 right volumetric studies in various single‐plane and biplane projections) showed a larger scatter of single‐plane values, more pronounced for the right ventricle. In certain disease conditions, single plane volumetric studies using cast‐derived correction factors cannot be used to obtain meaningful results.Correction factors for the following single or biplane mode volumetry are presented for the first time: biplane hepatoclavicular view (right and left ventricle), biplane long axial oblique view (right ventricle), and their single‐plane components; lateral and 60° Left Anterior Oblique (LAO) single plane for the left‐sided measurements, Postero‐Anterior (PA), lateral, and 60° LAO for the single‐plane right‐sided calculations.
Myocardial infarction in the distribution of a patent anomalous left circumflex coronary artery
Authors: Edelstein Josef , Juhasz Robert S. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractAnomalous origin of the left circumflex coronary artery is the most common congenital coronary artery anomaly. Myocardial infarction has been seen in the distribution of this anomalous vessel. This has been noted most typically when the vessel is atherosclerotic. Sudden death and myocardial infarction, however, also have been seen in a case without atherosclerotic involvement.This is a case report of a 45‐year‐old man who suffered a myocardial infarction after strenuous and sustained physical effort and who was found to have nonatherosclerotic coronary arteries with an anomalous left circumflex coronary artery arising from the right sinus of Valsalva.
Ergonovine provocative testing: Description of a “double catheter technique”
Authors: Nakhjavan Fred K. , Yazdanfar Shahriar 
Published: March 2007

AbstractSince coronory arteries should be immediately accessible during ergonovine provocative testing (EPT), a double catheter technique is described. Using the catheter sheath technique from the right and left femoral arteries, right and left Judkins' catheters are introduced into each femoral artery. Selective coronary cineangiography during EPT is thus rapidly performed without the delay of exchanging catheters. Should coronary arterial spasm occur during the test, nitroglycerin can be administered into the coronary artery without delay.
Prolonged application of pressure in transluminal coronary angioplasty
Authors: Kaltenbach Martin , Beyer Joachim , Walter Stefanie , Klepzig Harald , Schmidts Ludwig 
Published: March 2007

AbstractWe investigated the morphologic structure and fluid content of atherosclerotic specimens of fresh human postmortem artery segments before and after application of a pressure of 5 atmospheres simulated by a weight of 5 kg per 1 cm2. After applying pressure in nonorganized atheromata, we noticed a marked reduction in thickness while in fibrotic atheromata we observed only smaller differences in thickness. Reduction in fluid content was significantly more pronounced in nonorganized atheromatous tissue. Reduction in thickness was closely related to reduction in weight (i e, fluid content). The time of pressure application necessary to achieve the optimal result averaged 60 sec. The conclusions drawn from these experiments were incorporated into clinical application of coronary angioplasty. Prolonged balloon inflation was applied to the last 400 out of a total of 600 coronary angioplasty procedures, performed between October 1977 and October 1983. Stenoses not sufficiently responsive to balloon inflation periods of 5–10 sec were exposed to periods of 60 sec (30–120 sec). The number of “non dilatable” stenoses was 15% with the standard short pressure procedure, but only 5% with the prolonged pressure application. No serious complications related to prolonged pressure application were observed. Thus, from experimental data and clinical experience the application of longer pressure periods appears justified and beneficial.
Pulmonary wedge angiography for the evaluation of the pulmonary vascular bed in congenital heart disease
Authors: Fujiyama Jun‐Ichi , Yoshida Yoshiro , Ogata Hiroshi , Kato Taku , Kuteken Osamu , Oyama Kotaro 
Published: March 2007

AbstractPulmonary wedge angiograms (PWA) were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively to evaluate the pulmonary vascular bed in 40 patients with congenital heart disease. The patients were divided into four groups: group 1, normal pulmonary hemodynamics; group 2, increased pulmonary blood flow; group 3, pulmonary hypertension (PH); and group 4, PH with elevated pulmonary vascular resistance. The PWA were analyzed for tapering, pulmonary circulation time (PCT) index, and vascular image.The tapering was normal in groups 1 and 2 and was more rapid in groups 3 and 4. The PCT index was slightly lower in groups 3 and 4 than in groups 1 and 2. With 100% oxygen, the tapering became less severe and the PCT index increased in group 3. However in group 4, these parameters did not improve with 100% oxygen, suggesting that more advanced vascular changes had developed.These studies confirm the usefulness of the PWA in evaluating the pulmonary vascular bed of patients with congenital heart disease and PH.
Evaluation of patients with coronary artery disease during exercise: The relation between extent of disease and perfusion deficit
Authors: Hakki A‐Hamid , Depace Nicholas , Iskandrian Abdulmassih S. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to assess the relation between the extent of coronary artery disease (CAD) and size of exercise‐induced myocardial hypoperfusion in 79 patients with angiographically documented CAD. None of the patients had Q‐wave myocardial infarction. Fifty patients had one‐vessel disease, ten had two‐vessel disease, and 19 patients had three‐vessel or left main disease.From a scintigraphic functional standpoint, patients were classified into two groups: 28 patients (35%) had large perfusion defects and 51 patients (65%) had small defects. The size of the thallium‐201 perfusion defect during exercise was assessed as the perimeter of the defect in each projection expressed as a percentage abnormality of the total left ventricular perimeter in that projection. The average abnormality from the three projections was used in the final analysis. Eleven patients with large defects (39%) had one‐vessel disease and 12 patients with small defects (24%) had multivessel disease. Stepwise multivariate discriminate analysis identified the number of diseased vessels (F = 13.9), the change in systolic blood pressure from rest to exercise (F = 10.8), the exercise heart rate (F = 9.1), and exercise electrocardiographic response (F = 7.8) as significant associates of the size of the perfusion defect (predictive accuracy = 70%).We conclude that the size of hypoperfused myocardium during exercise is variable in patients with CAD. Discriminate analysis identified the extent of CAD, exercise heart rate, change in systolic pressure from rest to exercise, and exercise electrocardiographic response as significant associates of the size of the defect.
Myocardial perforation due to temporary transvenous pacing catheters in pediatric patients
Authors: Harris J. Peter , Nanda Navin C. , Moxley Richard , Manning James A. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractOver a 13‐year period, 18 pediatric patients received temporary transvenous pacing catheters for symptomatic bradycardia due to complete atrioventricular block or sinoatrial node dysfunction. Right ventricular wall perforation occurred in two patients. The utility of two‐dimensional echocardiography in the detection and assessment of myocardial perforation by temporary pacing catheters is discussed.
Transcatheter blade atrial septostomy
Authors: Rao P. Syamasundar 
Published: March 2007

AbstractSix infants, four with transposition of the great arteries and one each with mitral atresia and tricuspid atresia, who did not improve following balloon atrial septostomy are presented. Each patient underwent transcatheter blade atrial septostomy with resultant improvement of interatrial mixing (immediate improvement in three transposition patients and delayed improvement in one) or interatrial obstruction (in the mitral and tricuspid atresia patients). It is suggested that blade atrial septostomy is a safe and effective technique for nonsurgical palliation of congenital heart defects to enlarge a restrictive interatrial communication, especially if balloon atrial septostomy has not been successful.
Lymphoma of the heart
Authors: Wong David W. H. , Guthaner Diana F. , Gordon Elaine P. , Mitchell R. Scott 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA case of malignant lymphoma involving the heart is reported. The patient presented with symptoms of cardiac decompensation. The echocardiographic findings of an echogenic mass arising from the pulmonary valve as well as demonstration of soft tissue density diffusely infiltrating the heart and mediastinum was confirmed by computer tomography and angiography. Although the findings on the noninvasive studies were highly indicative of tumor involvement, the temporal association of the symptoms to a motor vehicle accident lead to the erroneous diagnosis of intracardiac and mediastinal hematoma.
Anomalous separate origin of the septal perforator coronary artery from the left sinus of valsalva
Authors: Palomo Andres R. , Schrager Bernard R. , Chahine Robert A. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe anomalous separate origin of the first septal perforator from the left sinus of Valsalva is described. Previously documented anomalous origins of the septal perforator include the left main coronary artery, the right coronary artery, the right sinus of Valsalva, a diagonal coronary artery, the circumflex coronary artery, and its obtuse marginal branch. We could not find any previous description of the septal perforator originating from a separate ostium in the left sinus of Valsalva.