bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Competitive and cooperative conflict communication climates
Authors: Harrison Tyler R. , Doerfel Marya L. 
Published: July 2007

PurposeThis paper seeks to explore the role of ombuds processes on commitment and trust to the organization.Design/methodology/approachThis research is framed by and builds on theories about cooperation‐competition, procedural justice, and third party intervention (ombudsman processes) in managing organizational relationships. Data for this study come from semi‐structured longitudinal interviews with 45 participants (138 interviews total) during active pursuit of a grievance through the ombuds process.FindingsOrganizational commitment and trust are fluid processes created through symbolic interaction with organizational actors. Interaction with these actors, over time, influences commitment to the organization.Research limitations/implicationsThis study reports on the perspective of the person pursuing the grievance through one ombuds office. Future research should explore perspectives of both parties and in different organizational contexts.Practical implicationsThe use of ombuds processes to manage conflicts may restore trust and commitment in the organization. Key to this is the use of processes that demonstrate fair procedures and effective communication by high status organizations actors.Originality/valueThis paper provides new insight into the effects of conflict and conflict management in organizations and is of value to organizational leaders, managers, ombudspersons, and other conflict management specialists.
National diversity and conflict in multinational workgroups
Authors: Ayub Nailah , Jehn Karen A. 
Published: July 2007

PurposeTo develop a theory to explain how national diversity within a workgroup can lead to intra‐group conflict, and how this effect may be exacerbated in the presence of nationalistic attitudes.Design/methodology/approachDefines and discusses what national diversity is and why it is relevant to multinational organizations. Then constructs a multi‐level, theoretical framework to propose the conditions under which national diversity may lead to high levels of conflict. Describes and explains the role of nationalism (i.e. individuals' attitude towards their and others' nationalities) in diverse workgroups and explore the moderating effect of nationalism on the relationship between national diversity and intra‐group conflict.FindingsProposes that in nationally diverse workgroups the presence of workgroup members with strong nationalistic attitudes (e.g. ingroup favoritism and outgroup rejection) will exacerbate the likelihood that national diversity may lead to relationship conflict and process conflict, and that it will weaken the likelihood that national diversity leads to task conflict.Originality/valueThe model demonstrates the necessity of examining national diversity and the factors and conditions, such as the presence of nationalistic attitudes that may hinder the potential of a nationally diverse workgroup.
Conflict resolution styles between co‐workers in US and Mexican cultures
Authors: Posthuma Richard A. , White George O. , Dworkin James B. , Yánez Oscar , Stella Swift Maris 
Published: July 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate how national culture and proximity to national borders can influence the conflict styles that co‐workers use between themselves.Design/methodology/approachIn this experiment, samples were drawn from regions near the US Mexican border further north in the USA and further South in Mexico. Total n=549. Participants were presented with different conflict styles of co‐workers and asked how they would respond. A new measure of national origin was developed and used to assess affinity with a particular culture based on familial lineage.FindingsThis study shows that conflict resolution styles of co‐workers in the USA are different from those in Mexico. Culture also moderates the relationship among the conflict resolution styles of the co‐workers themselves. Mexicans were generally more contending and less yielding to co‐workers than Americans. However, Mexicans were also more likely than Americans to respond to contending co‐workers by accommodating or by compromising with the co‐worker. National Origin and border location influenced choice of conflict resolution styles in both American and Mexican workers.Originality/valueProximity to national borders can influence degrees of cultural identity, which can in turn, influence preferred conflict styles. Degrees of national cultural identity can be measured using familial lineage.
Remedy‐seeking responses to wrongful dismissal
Authors: Gramm Cynthia L. , Schnell John F. , Weatherly Elizabeth W. 
Published: July 2007

PurposeThis study's purpose is to investigate the antecedents of an employee's remedy‐seeking behavioral intentions in response to wrongful dismissal.Design/methodology/approachHypotheses generated by two paradigms are tested, the similarity‐attraction and the similarity‐betrayal paradigms, using Tobit regression and data from a scenario‐based survey of employees.FindingsConsistent with the similarity‐attraction paradigm, the management team's racial and deep‐level similarity to the employee both were negatively related to the employee's propensity to consult a lawyer. Consistent with the similarity‐betrayal paradigm, the employee's propensity to consult a lawyer increased with the supervisor's deep‐level similarity to the employee; among men, the propensity to complain to regulatory agencies increased with the management team's gender similarity and the propensity to not seek a remedy declined with the supervisor's gender similarity.Research limitations/implicationsLimitations of the study include the use a single‐source, cross‐sectional, convenience sample; the small size and heterogeneity of the non‐white sub‐sample; and the limited number of control variables. Future research should explore whether the findings are robust when tested using alternative types of data; alternative wrongful dismissal scenarios; a more extensive set of controls for organizational, job, and personal characteristics; and larger, more diverse sub‐samples of non‐whites.Practical implicationsOrganizations should manage dismissals in a manner that encourages employees to favor internal remedy‐seeking over external remedy‐seeking options.Originality/valueThis study is the first to investigate the antecedents of a wrongfully dismissed employee's propensity to engage in internal as well as external remedy‐seeking and to explore the effects of management's similarity to the employee on the employee's remedy‐seeking actions.
A call for research on collaboration versus traditional bargaining in labor‐management relationships
Authors: Roose Paul D. 
Published: July 2007

PurposeThe purpose of the paper is to call for research on collaboration versus traditional bargaining in labor‐management relationships.Design/methodology/approachThe author draws on his own experience as a union leader involved in conflict resolution.FindingsResearch into the area of collaboration versus traditional bargaining in labor‐management relationships would be beneficial.Originality/valueResearch in the area outlined by the author could be helpful to key decision‐makers.
Evaluating large US‐based equity mutual funds using risk‐adjusted performance measures
Authors: Arugaslan Onur , Edwards Ed , Samant Ajay 
Published: July 2007

PurposeThis paper seeks to evaluate the risk‐adjusted performance of the largest US‐based equity mutual funds using rigorous analysis grounded in modern portfolio theory and present the results in a manner which is comprehensible to a lay investor.Design/methodology/approachThis study evaluates the performance of the 20 largest US‐based mutual funds using risk‐adjusted returns during 1995‐2004. In particular, a relatively new risk‐adjusted performance measure by Modigliani and Modigliani is used to evaluate these equity funds. This study also utilizes a variation of the Sortino Ratio to account for downside risk.FindingsThe results show that the funds with the highest returns may lose their attractiveness once the degree of risk had been factored into the analysis. Conversely, some funds may look very attractive once their low risk is factored into their performance.Research limitations/implicationsFuture researchers may want to investigate the effects of factors, such as fund manager, compensation, service fees, corporate governance metrics, and overweighting in risky industries on the performance of mutual funds.Practical implicationsThe empirical evidence presented in this study can be used as input in decision making by investors who are exploring the possibility of participating in the stock market via large mutual funds, but are not sure of what selection criteria to employ.Originality/valueThe paper is one of the first studies that apply the new M2 measure to evaluate the performance of mutual funds. Various other performance metrics are also utilized including the Sharpe, Sortino, Treynor measures and Jensen's α.
Determinants of corporate capital structure: evidence from an emerging economy
Authors: Eldomiaty Tarek I. 
Published: July 2007

PurposeThis research paper aims at examining the determinants of corporate leverage in Egypt according to the assumptions of three theories of capital structure: tradeoff, pecking order, and free cash flow.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology utilizes the benefits of the partial adjustment autoregressive model to measure the speed of adjusting long‐term and short‐term debts to a target level.FindingsThe results indicate that companies use both long‐term and short‐term debt to adjust the leverage with a relative dependence on long‐term debt; the tradeoff‐related determinants of capital structure are taxes, debt/equity ratio and bankruptcy risk; the pecking order‐related determinants of capital structure are growth and profitability; borrowing decisions are not affected by the assumptions of free cash flow. Overall, the explanatory powers of the three regression equations are high and significant which indicate that the model construction is quite indicative.Originality/valueThe paper contributes to the literature in that it shows that the determinants of capital structure conform to those reported by other related studies in emerging markets as well as developed markets which supports the general conclusion that the determinants of capital structure in emerging and developed markets are converging.
The correlations among domain knowledge specificity, joint new product development and relationship performance
Authors: Sun Pi‐Chuan 
Published: July 2007

PurposeThis paper aims to provide suppliers with an important direction in customer relationship management to apply organizational resources to understanding patterns and rules particular to a specific context, since the expertise deployment leads to increasingly effective issue diagnosis and problem solving. And to provide suppliers with an important government mechanism that co‐development with buyers not only reduces transaction cost, but also enhances performance.Design/methodology/approachThe conceptual model is empirically tested using cross‐sectional survey data, based on the administering of mail questionnaires to key informants within a sample of 133 Taiwanese contract manufacturers of information products. A preliminary examination of the validity of these measures is conducted with a view to examining the item‐to‐item correlations for the set of items corresponding to each of the theoretical constructs. The hypotheses were tested by ordinary least‐square regression analysis.FindingsIt is found that the joint new product development (JNPD) activities are positively related to the supplier's relationship performance (RP). Moreover, the supplier's domain knowledge specificity (DKS) positively influences the degree of JNPD and RP. Besides, it is also found that the effect of DKS on RP is partially mediated by JNPD.Research limitations/implicationsThis research collected data from only one partner to deal with supplier‐buyer dyads. The causal arguments are made in this research and yet offer only a cross‐sectional test for these arguments. This study focused on limited variables only.Practical implicationsIt is essential for suppliers to apply organizational resources to understanding patterns and rules particular to a specific context, since the expertise deployment leads to increasingly effective issue diagnosis and problem solving. Suppliers may conduct co‐development with buyers not only to reduce transaction cost, but also to enhance performance.Originality/valueThis paper fulfils an identified information/resources need and offers practical help to suppliers implementing governance strategy.
The rise of consumerism in Saudi Arabian society
Authors: Assad Soraya W. 
Published: July 2007

PurposeThe emergence of consumer‐oriented societies has become the central trait of our era. Saudi Arabia gained entrée to consumerism via its oil wealth. Numerous studies demonstrate that consumer lifestyle and consumerist attitudes are spreading in the country. The purpose of this study is to explain how Saudi Arabia came to be a consumer society, to present evidence of rampant consumption, and to describe how global and local economic, social, and governmental factors colluded to reinforce this cultural trend.Design/methodology/approachThis study is based on the survey and analysis of secondary data gathered from published studies and reports available in English and in Arabic.FindingsThe study shows that the spread of consumerism in Saudi Arabia is a consequence of a complex of global and local factors. Commercial television and the internet, marketing strategies, relentless and manipulative advertising, urbanization, and proliferating shopping centers, are all components of globalization promoting emulation of the Western consumerism lifestyle. The national government subsidies and give‐aways during the oil boom years due to increased national income, absence of taxes, public job availability, emerging middle class, liberal import policies, increased female participation in family purchase decisions, a burgeoning youth market, and increased per capita income have also enabled Saudi Arabia's transformation into a consumer society. In addition, statistics presented for a variety of durable and nondurable goods and services amply testify to rampant Saudi consumerism.Originality/valueExcessive consumption in Saudi Arabia is a threat to the social order. It is exacerbating economic, environmental, social, psychological, and health problems. As Saudi Arabia seeks sustainable development, more research is needed to identify and address problematic aspects of consumption. As part of this process, policy makers should distinguish what constitutes consumerism from healthy consumption patterns. Excessive consumption should be minimized as a way to avoid economic minefields and sustain economic growth.
Factors affecting e‐commerce adoption in the electronic manufacturing companies in Malaysia
Authors: Shah Alam Syed , Khatibi Ali , Ismail Sayyed Ahmad Mohd. , Bin Ismail Hishamuddin 
Published: July 2007

PurposeThis paper sets out to examine the factors influencing internet‐based e‐commerce in the electronic manufacturing companies in Malaysia.Design/methodology/approachThe sample data are derived from a questionnaire survey of 194 companies selected from the Federation of Malaysian Manufacturer lists to investigate the study hypotheses. Roger's five innovation diffusion characteristics were considered as factors that affect EC adoption and security/confidentiality was taken as an additional factor for this study.FindingsThe multiple regression analysis results indicate that relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, observability and security appear significant. Relative advantage and compatibility have positive and significant influence on EC adoption whereas complexity and security have negative effects. This study also revealed a non‐significant relationship between trialability and e‐commerce adoption.Research limitations/implicationsThe results are limited within the sample of electronic manufacturing companies in Malaysia, so the results cannot be generalized.Originality/valueThis study provides a greater understanding of managers' perception of e‐commerce adoption in their manufacturing companies. Those interested in promoting their business online may find these results helpful in guiding their efforts.
CARE‐ing strategy for integration of brand identity with brand image
Authors: Roy Dilip , Banerjee Saikat 
Published: July 2007

PurposeThe end‐state of marketing is the creation of a lasting bond between the consumers and the offered brand. In view of the growing competition in the market, a never‐ending brand war can be witnessed that attempts to destabilize the consumer‐brand bonding. To ensure a long‐run success, there is a need to develop a system approach towards proper integration of a brand's identity with its image. This paper seeks to address this issue.Design/methodology/approachThe major task is to identify the gap and skilful integration of brand identity with brand image to cement the gap. Improper integration may lead to a major setback in the market and irreparable loss. The authors present a verbal model as the basis for integration so that the chance of a setback becomes minimal.FindingsThe authors propose a Brand Derby Matrix, a classification cum decision matrix to enable a marketer to identify its present position and future course of action, in conjunction with the Credibility‐Alteration‐Relationship‐Expansion (CARE‐ing) strategy to address the above‐mentioned issue.Practical implicationsBrand Derby Matrix in conjunction with the CARE‐ing strategy can be of immense use to brand planners for identification and managing of the problem to ensure smooth sailing in the market.Originality/valueIn this paper, the authors present a generic approach that may work beyond country boundaries. Brand Derby Matrix in conjunction with the CARE‐ing strategy is immensely helpful in addressing the dilemma of brand identity and brand image integration issues that are faced by players.
International currency reserves in emerging market economies: does India have enough?
Authors: Dania Akash , Spillan John E. 
Published: July 2007

PurposeThis paper seeks to revisit the international reserve policies of emerging market countries; taking the case of India. Emerging market economies have lately been accumulating large foreign reserves. The paper aims to demonstrate how these reserves can be put towards effective growth by implementing better reserve and debt management policies.Design/methodology/approachThe paper uses descriptive and comparative ratio analysis methods and applies these to the case of Indian international monetary reserves. These methods provided a clear view of India's international reserves and how reserve vulnerabilities can be identified.FindingsBased on the suggested benchmarks, the findings indicate that India may be holding reserves in excess of the suggested requirements.Research limitations/implicationsData on international monetary reserves need continual updating. Continuous longitudinal data would help in showing the true effects of international monetary reserve fluctuations and vulnerabilities over time.Practical implicationsInternational finance researchers and practitioners are always seeking methods and approaches for understanding what constitutes the optimal international reserve level. The analysis and findings from this paper provide practitioners and academicians with appropriate benchmarks for the case of emerging market countries.Originality/valueThis paper extends and expands the discussion on how international monetary vulnerabilities can be identified, assessed and analyzed in emerging market countries from proposed benchmarks in this paper.
Highlights in annual reports: its perceived usefulness
Authors: Chatterjee Bikram 
Published: July 2007

PurposeThis paper seeks to investigate whether the “financial highlights” section of annual reports of a sample of Indian companies satisfy the information requirements of investors.Design/methodology/approachThe research method involves the preparation of a check‐list from those items that have been suggested as significant to be disclosed in annual reports by both the “sophisticated” and “non‐sophisticated” investors as suggested in the study of Joshi and Abdulla. After the preparation of this check‐list, “financial highlights” section of a sample of companies listed on any of the Indian Stock Exchanges has been examined to investigate whether this section contains that information, which has been considered as significant by the investors, in the study by Joshi and Abdulla.FindingsMost of the companies do not disclose information items that are perceived by users of financial information in India as being significant under the “financial highlights” section.Research limitations/implicationsThe limitation of the current study rests on the fact that it uses Joshi and Abdulla for evaluating the “financial highlights” section and hence only considers the need of investors in annual reports and in this specific section. Second, the use of the survey result obtained by Joshi and Abdulla might not hold completely true at the present time due to difference in time period.Originality/valueThis is a pioneering study that questions whether the “financial highlights” section in annual reports provides those information items that are considered as “highlights” by investors.
Internal diffusion: the conceptualizing innovation implementation
Authors: Dewett Todd , Whittier Nathan C. , Williams Scott David 
Published: July 2007

PurposeThe management literature has extensively discussed innovation diffusion as an essential part of corporate and economic competitiveness. However, most work centers on diffusion external to the organization. The purpose of this paper is to provide a framework for understanding post adoption innovation implementation.Design/methodology/approachResearch concerning diffusion inside the firm has focused almost exclusively on innovation creation as opposed to implementation. Although current definitions of innovation often make clear the internal/external distinction, the authors propose that it could be made more meaningful by further delineating the components of internal innovation diffusion. To that end, prominent innovation research is synthesized to explore innovation implementation.FindingsA systematic review of the literature suggests three main types of influences on implementation: organizational, innovation, and human. Each represents unique challenges for innovation implementation.Practical implicationsThe model presented here can serve as a useful organizing rubric for leaders attempting to facilitate change.Originality/valueThis paper fulfils a need for greater understanding of internal innovation implementation.