bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Searches for the light invisible axion-like particle in $$K^{+} \rightarrow \pi ^{+}\pi ^{0} a$$ decay
Authors: Sadovsky A. S. , Filin A. P. , Akimenko S. A. , Artamonov A. V. , Blik A. M. , Bychkov V. N. , Donskov S. V. , Filippov S. N. , Gorin A. M. , Gushchin E. N. , Inyakin A. V. , Kekelidze G. D. , Khaustov G. V. , Kholodenko S. A. , Khudyakov A. A. , Kolosov V. N. , Kravtsov V. I. , Kudenko Yu. G. , Kulik A. V. , Kurshetsov V. F. , Lishin V. A. , Lysan V. M. , Medynsky M. V. , Obraztsov V. F. , Okhotnikov A. V. , Polyakov V. A. , Polyarush A. Yu. , Romanovsky V. I. , Rykalin V. I. , Samoylenko V. D. , Tiurin I. S. , Uvarov V. A. , Yushchenko O. P. , Zalikhanov B. Zh. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA high-statistics data sample of the $$K^{+}$$

K
+

decays is recorded by the OKA collaboration. A missing mass analysis is performed to search for a light invisible pseudoscalar axion-like particle (ALP) a in the decay $$K^{+} \rightarrow \pi ^{+} \pi ^{0} a$$

K
+

→

π
+

π
0

a

. No signal is observed, and the upper limits for the branching ratio of the decay are calculated. The $$90\%$$

90
%

confidence level upper limit changes from $$2.5\cdot 10^{-6}$$

2.5
·

10

-
6

to $$2\cdot 10^{-7}$$

2
·

10

-
7

for the ALP mass from 0 to 200 MeV/$$c^{2}$$

c
2

, except for the region of $$\pi ^{0}$$

π
0

mass, where the upper limit is $$4.4\cdot 10^{-6}$$

4.4
·

10

-
6

.
Therapeutic Inertia With Initial Low-Dose Quadruple Combination Therapy for Hypertension: Results From the QUARTET Trial
Authors: Wang Nelson , von Huben Amy , Marschner Simone , Nelson Mark , Nolde Janis M. , Schlaich Markus , Figtree Gemma , Hillis Graham , Usherwood Tim , Reid Christopher , Chalmers John , Jansen Shirley , Atkins Emily R. , Billot Laurent , Chow Clara , Rodgers Anthony ,   On behalf of the QUARTET Investigators
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND:
Low-dose combinations are a promising intervention for improving blood pressure (BP) control but their effects on therapeutic inertia are uncertain.

METHODS:
Analysis of 591 patients randomized to an ultra-low-dose quadruple pill or initial monotherapy. The episode of therapeutic inertia was defined as a patient visit with a BP of >140/90 mm Hg without intensification of antihypertensive treatment. We compared the frequency of therapeutic inertia episodes between Quadpill and initial monotherapy as a proportion of the total population (intention-to-treat analysis with the denominator being all participants randomized) and as a proportion of people with uncontrolled BP (with the denominator being participants with uncontrolled BP).

RESULTS:

Therapeutic inertia occurred in fewer participants randomized to Quadpill compared with monotherapy. For example, among the 390 participants with a 6-month follow-up, therapeutic inertia according to unattended BP was 21/192 (11%) versus 45/192 (23%),
P
=0.002. There were similar rates of therapeutic inertia among those with uncontrolled unattended BP in each group (all
P
>0.4). Consistent observations were seen with the use of attended office BP measures. The major determinants of not intensifying treatment during follow-up were BP readings that were close to target and large improvements in BP compared with the previous visit.

CONCLUSIONS:
Among all treated individuals, low-dose Quadpill reduced the number of therapeutic inertia episodes compared with initial monotherapy. After the first follow-up visit, most high BP values did not lead to treatment intensification in both groups. Education is needed about the importance of treatment intensification despite a significant improvement in BP or BP being close to target.

REGISTRATION:
URL: XXX; Unique identifier: ACTRN12616001144404
Temporal Trends in the Initiation of Dialysis Among Patients With Heart Failure With or Without Diabetes: A Nationwide Study From 2002 to 2016
Authors: Knigge Pauline , Lundberg Sørine , Strange Jarl E. , Malik Mariam E. , Nouhravesh Nina , Wagner Andrea K. , Gislason Gunnar , Fosbøl Emil L. , Carlson Nicholas , Zahir Deewa , Andersson Charlotte , Butt Jawad H. , Jhund Pardeep , Petrie Mark C. , McMurray John J. V. , Køber Lars , Schou Morten 
Published: March 2024

Background
The incidence and distribution of acute and chronic dialysis among patients with heart failure (HF), stratified by diabetes, remain uncertain. We hypothesized that with improved survival and rising comorbidities, the demand for dialysis would increase over time.

Methods and Results
Patients with incident HF, aged 18 to 100 years, between 2002 and 2016, were identified using Danish nationwide registers. Primary outcomes included acute and chronic dialysis initiation, HF‐related hospitalization, and all‐cause mortality. These outcomes were assessed in 2002 to 2006, 2007 to 2011, and 2012 to 2016, stratified by diabetes. We calculated incidence rates (IRs) per 1000 person‐years and hazard ratios (HR) using multivariable Cox regression. Of 115 533 patients with HF, 2734 patients received acute dialysis and 1193 patients received chronic dialysis. The IR was 8.0 per 1000 and 3.5 per 1000 person‐years for acute and chronic dialysis, respectively. Acute dialysis rates increased significantly among patients with diabetes over time, while no significant changes occurred in those without diabetes, chronic dialysis, HF‐related hospitalization, or overall mortality. Diabetes was associated with significantly higher HRs of acute and chronic dialysis, respectively, compared with patients without diabetes (HR, 2.07 [95% CI, 1.80–2.39] and 2.93 [95% CI, 2.40–3.58] in 2002 to 2006; HR, 2.45 [95% CI, 2.14–2.80] and 2.86 [95% CI, 2.32–3.52] in 2007 to 2011; and 2.69 [95% CI, 2.33–3.10] and 3.30 [95% CI, 2.69–4.06] in 2012 to 2016).

Conclusions
The IR of acute and chronic dialysis remained low compared with HF‐related hospitalizations and mortality. Acute dialysis rates increased significantly over time, contrasting no significant trends in other outcomes. Diabetes exhibited over 2‐fold increased rates of the outcomes. These findings emphasize the importance of continued monitoring and renal care in patients with HF, especially with diabetes, to optimize outcomes and prevent adverse events.
Antithrombotic Therapy in Cerebral Cavernous Malformations: A Systematic Review, Meta‐Analysis, and Network Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Musmar Basel , Salim Hamza , Abdelgadir Jihad , Spellicy Samantha , Adeeb Nimer , Zomorodi Ali , Friedman Allan , Awad Issam , Jabbour Pascal M. , Hasan David M. 
Published: March 2024

Background
Cerebral cavernous malformations are complex vascular anomalies in the central nervous system associated with a risk of intracranial hemorrhage. Traditional guidelines have been cautious about the use of antithrombotic therapy in this patient group, citing concerns about potential bleeding risk. However, recent research posits that antithrombotic therapy may actually be beneficial. This study aims to clarify the association between antithrombotic therapy, including antiplatelet and anticoagulant medications, and the risk of intracranial hemorrhage in patients with cerebral cavernous malformations.

Methods and Results

A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases, following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines. Nine single‐center, nonrandomized cohort studies involving 2709 patients were included. Outcomes were analyzed using random‐effects model, and a network meta‐analysis was conducted for further insight. Of the 2709 patients studied, 388 were on antithrombotic therapy. Patients on antithrombotic therapy had a lower risk of presenting with intracranial hemorrhage (odds ratio [OR], 0.56 [95% CI, 0.45–0.7];
P
<0.0001). In addition, the use of antithrombotic therapy was associated with lower risk of intracranial hemorrhage from a cerebral cavernous malformation on follow‐up (OR, 0.21 [95% CI, 0.13–0.35];
P
<0.0001). A network meta‐analysis revealed a nonsignificant OR of 0.73 (95% CI, 0.23–2.56) when antiplatelet therapy was compared with anticoagulant therapy.

Conclusions
Our study explores the potential benefits of antithrombotic therapy in cerebral cavernous malformations. Although the analysis suggests a possible role for antithrombotic agents, it is critical to note that the evidence remains preliminary. Fundamental biases in study design, such as ascertainment and assignment bias, limit the weight of our conclusions. Therefore, our findings should be considered hypothesis‐generating and not definitive for clinical practice change.
Pentaspline Pulsed Field Ablation Catheter Versus Cryoballoon for Atrial Fibrillation Ablation: Results From a Prospective Comparative Study
Authors: Chaumont Corentin , Hayoun Camilia , Savoure Arnaud , Al Hamoud Raphael , Auquier Nathanael , McDonnell Emily , Eltchaninoff Helene , Anselme Frederic 
Published: March 2024

Background
Cryoballoon ablation is currently the gold standard technique for single‐shot pulmonary vein isolation (PVI). Pulsed field ablation (PFA) has recently emerged as an interesting nonthermal alternative energy for PVI. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the safety and long‐term efficacy of PVI using the pentaspline PFA catheter in comparison to cryoballoon ablation.

Methods and Results

Between January 2021 and December 2022, we included all consecutive patients of our center in whom a first PVI‐only procedure was performed using PFA or cryoballoon. The choice of the energy was based on patients' preference between general anesthesia (PFA) and local anesthesia (cryoballoon). The primary end point was freedom from documented atrial arrhythmia recurrence after a 3‐month blanking period. A total of 301 patients (paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in 220 patients) underwent a first PVI procedure performed using PFA (n=151) or cryoballoon (n=150). Complete short‐term PVI was obtained in 144 of 150 patients (96%) in the cryoballoon group and in all patients of the PFA group (
P
=0.01). Procedure duration was significantly longer in the cryoballoon group. Transient and persistent phrenic nerve injuries were observed in the cryoballoon group only (13/150 and 2/150, respectively). One‐year freedom from atrial arrhythmia was significantly higher in the PFA group compared with the cryoballoon group (87.9% versus 77.7%; adjusted hazard ratio, 0.53 [95% CI, 0.30–0.96];
P
=0.037).

Conclusions
This prospective, comparative, real‐life study suggested that PFA could overcome safety limitations of cryoballoon with optimal effectiveness. Randomized controlled studies are required to further investigate the potential superiority of PFA over cryoballoon.
Simulating the Effect of Environmental Change on Evolving Populations
Authors: Bullinaria John A. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This study uses evolutionary simulations to explore the strategies that emerge to enable populations to cope with random environmental changes in situations where lifetime learning approaches are not available to accommodate them. In particular, it investigates how the average magnitude of change per unit time and the persistence of the changes (and hence the resulting autocorrelation of the environmental time series) affect the change tolerances, population diversities, and extinction timescales that emerge. Although it is the change persistence (often discussed in terms of environmental noise color) that has received most attention in the recent literature, other factors, particularly the average change magnitude, interact with this and can be more important drivers of the adaptive strategies that emerge. Moreover, when running simulations, the choice of change representation and normalization can also affect the outcomes. Detailed simulations are presented that are designed to explore all these issues. They also reveal significant dependences on the associated mutation rates and the extent to which they can evolve, and they clarify how evolution often leads populations into strategies with higher risks of extinction. Overall, this study shows how modeling the effect of environmental change requires more care than may have previously been realized.
An experimental evolution study deciphers differences between the life attributes of developmental variants in Propylea dissecta (Mulsant) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)
Authors: Siddiqui Arshi , Omkar  , Nuotcla Jon Andreja , Mishra Geetanjali 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Developmental plasticity is a well-known individual survival strategy. Organisms are usually limited in their ability to read environmental cues and to integrate present and past information for optimally adjusting their phenotype to the state of their environment. Our study was designed to evaluate the effects of experimental selection on the ontogenesis of developmental variants under standard laboratory conditions. Developmental plasticity of the ladybird Propylea dissecta (Mulsant) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) is known but experimental evolution studies are still lacking. Our data revealed the effects of selection based on developmental rate over 15 generations. The selection resulted into two variants and showed an elevation of the adult body mass after 15 generations for fast developers. The ratio of the two developmental variants changes according to the applied selective pressure but is bimodal in both (F1 and F15) the generations.
Plotinus on Plato’s Timaeus 90 a
Authors: Viltanioti Irini-Fotini 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The central place of Plato’s Timaeus in Plotinus’ Enneads has long been acknowledged. However, the importance of Timaeus 90 a for Plotinus’ psychology and theory of Intellect has not until now been properly recognized. This paper argues that, in Plato’s Timaeus 90 a, Plotinus sees his own distinction between the Hypostasis Intellect and human intellect, that is, our higher soul, which Plato in the Timaeus calls a daimon and which Plotinus takes to remain in the intelligible realm, interpreting it along the same lines as “our allotted guardian spirit” (Ennead III.4). The way Timaeus 90 a is combined with passages drawn from other Platonic dialogues as well as with Peripatetic doctrine provides the framework for a case study on how Plotinus handles and interprets Platonic material.
The effect of dietary olive polyphenols on markers of inflammation and bodyweight in senior domestic cats
Authors: Thomas D.G. , Dyer P. , Andrews C.J. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The high rates of obesity and degenerative joint disease in companion animals has resulted in a demand for dietary supplements that support joint health and reduce inflammation. Polyphenols have received considerable attention in this space, although literature in companion animals is lacking or conflicting. This study determined whether a diet supplemented with olive polyphenol extract had the potential to reduce inflammation and/or bodyweight. Eight senior domestic cats aged 11.01 ± 0.74 years (mean ± standard error of the mean) and weighing 3.6 ± 0.3 kg (mean ± SEM) were used for this study. The cats were fed, ad libitum with a complete (AAFCO) canned diet supplemented with 0.1% olive polyphenol extract for 56 days. Cats were weighed weekly and blood samples taken on day 0 (baseline), 28, and 56 of the study. Biochemistry, haematology, and cytokine (19 cytokines or chemokines) panels were run for each blood sample. While there was an initial aversion to the supplemented diet, intakes of the cats increased, and they consumed enough to meet or exceed their daily maintenance energy requirements by day 10 of the trial. On average, the cats lost approximately 8% of their starting weight over the trial, which was interesting given that feed intake exceeding maintenance energy requirements for most of the study. Whether the decrease in bodyweight was due to seasonal changes, the supplemented diet, or a combination of the two warrants further investigation. There were little to no changes to any of the blood parameters, which was surprising given that previous studies have reported reductions in pro-inflammatory cytokines following polyphenol supplementation. Perhaps a higher concentration of olive polyphenols is required to elicit the anti-inflammatory response observed in other species. A study evaluating the dose-dependent effects of dietary polyphenols on inflammatory and oxidative markers in cats would be valuable in this context.
Edible beetles (Coleoptera) as human food – A comprehensive review
Authors: Siddiqui S.A. , Yüksel A.N. , Şahin Ercan S. , Abdul Manap A.S. , Afzal S. , Wu Y.S. , Yudhistira B. , Ibrahim S.A. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The consumption of edible Coleoptera, or beetles, is examined in this review as a viable remedy for the rising world food demand brought on by the population’s predicted expansion to over 9 billion by 2050. The review illustrates the nutritional profile of beetles, highlighting their high protein content, good fats, and oils, while being low in saturated fats and high in omega-3. Beetles have a rich history of consumption, with over 2 billion people, particularly in regions like Africa, Asia, and the Americas, incorporating them into their diets. They contribute significantly to human nutrition while also playing essential ecological roles, including soil fertilization and pollination. Beetles represent a promising solution to combat climate change, as traditional livestock production is a major greenhouse gas emitter, and beetle farming boasts lower emissions, reduced resource requirements, shorter life cycles, and superior feed conversion rates. Notwithstanding their advantages in terms of nutrition and the environment, there are obstacles including customer adoption, safety worries, and legal limitations. The review also covers how beetles are processed into different food items, such as liquids, pastes, and powders, and how these products are used in the feed, food, and nutraceutical industries. In general, edible beetles present a viable substitute food source with noteworthy nutritional and ecological benefits; yet, additional investigation and endeavors are required to surmount obstacles to their extensive integration.
Unemployment Insurance Claims During the covid-19 Pandemic: The Experiences of Temporary Migrant Workers Employed in South Africa
Authors: Onukogu Chioma Joyce 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The Covid-19 pandemic was unprecedented and its impact on the overall welfare of people was felt all over the world. In particular, the pandemic exposed the vulnerability of migrant workers. As key role players providing critical services during the pandemic, migrant workers witnessed limited access to social protection. Data gathered through qualitative method using face-to-face interviews, WhatsApp interviews and content analysis of secondary data found limited access of foreign workers to Covid-19 related social protection in South Africa. Foreign workers who did not possess the South African Identity Document, but contributed to the Unemployment Insurance Fund (uif) experienced discrimination. They were not paid the Covid-19 Temporary Employer/Employee Relief (Covid-19 ters) for workers in the formal sector. The uif computer system recognised only South African identity numbers and not foreign passport numbers. Bureaucratic xenophobia was explored to understand the experiences of the foreign workers.
Adopting new habits and routines in response to COVID-19 lockdown disruptions: A qualitative study
Authors: Kessler Dorothy , Boudreau Emma , Maitland Jennifer , Lysaght Rosemary , McColl Mary Ann , Alexander Libby , Wilson Clarke , Batorowicz Beata , DePaul Vincent , Donnelly Catherine 
Published: March 2024

Introduction: COVID-19-related restrictions resulted in changes to time use and occupational participation, impacting individual and collective well-being. This study addressed a knowledge gap concerning the adaptive process during periods of occupational disruption. We explored the experience of occupational disruption and how people managed disruption during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: We used a qualitative descriptive approach and interviewed 18 participants of a larger survey study of time use during the COVID-19 pandemic undertaken around a medium-sized city in Canada. Transcript analysis was conducted inductively using conventional content analysis. Findings: Two overarching themes were constructed during data analysis: The Disruption Experience and Adopting New Habits and Routines. In the face of disruption, participants described a sense of loss and disconnection, and challenges with time management. Establishing new habits and routines required new learning associated with increased time and flexibility, connecting with others and health and wellness. Conclusion: During changing pandemic restrictions, participants expressed a sense of loss, disconnection and time management challenges associated with occupational disruptions, but also described ways they adapted, improving their health and well-being. Strategies identified through this work may be used to enhance adaptation during disruptions. Future research should explore differences in adaptation, among more diverse populations.
Treponema Pallidum rapid syphilis compared diagnostic algorithm syphilis in men who have sex with men (MSM)
Authors: Karim Putri L , Aryani Inda A , Nugroho Suroso A , Saleh Irsan , Dewi Lisa , Kurniawati Yuli , Fitriani Fitriani 
Published: March 2024

Background Syphilis infection can be asymptomatic and difficult to diagnose based on clinical symptoms. Early detection and treatment are critical for preventing and controlling syphilis as well as long-term serious complications. A serological examination based on the diagnostic algorithm was used to confirm the diagnosis of syphilis. Syphilis is frequent in high-risk groups, such as men who have sex with men (MSM). Treponema pallidum (TP) rapid can be used for early syphilis detection. The diagnostic value of TP rapid with diagnostic algorithm (RPR-TPHA) utilizing whole blood in MSM should be studied. Objectives To determine the diagnostic value of TP rapid syphilis test compared to a diagnostic algorithm (RPR-TPHA) among MSM. Methods A diagnostic test with a cross-sectional design at Dr Mohammad Hoesin Palembang General Hospital from November 2022 to January 2023. The sampling method was consecutive sampling with a total sample of 83 MSM based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. All samples were tested for RPR, TPHA, and TP rapid. The diagnostic value of TP rapid was evaluated with RPR-TPHA as a diagnostic algorithm for syphilis. Results The sensitivity and specificity value of the TP rapid compare diagnostic algorithm as gold standard were 95.8% and 96.6% respectively. Other metrics: positive predictive value (PPV) 92%, negative predictive value (NPV) 98%, positive likelihood ratio (PLR) 28.27, negative likelihood ratio (NLR) 0.04, accuracy 96% and AUC 0.962. Conclusion The TP rapid test has a high diagnostic value and can be used to establish an early diagnosis of syphilis in MSM.