bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thyroid Hormone Concentrations In Critically III Canine Intensive Care Patients
Authors: Elliott Denise A. , King Lesley G. , Zerbe Carole A. 
Published: July 2007

SummaryAlterations in thyroid indices in critically ill dogs were studied retrospectively to determine the incidence of the euthyroid sick syndrome and to assess its prognostic relevance to survival. Sixty‐seven dogs were classified as euthyroid bases on a TSH stimulation test. Forty‐one of 67 (61%) of the euthyroid dogs had low baseline serum T4concentrations (<1.5 ug/dl) and 38 of 67 (56%) of the euthyroid dogs had low baseline serum T3concentrations (<75 ng/dl). There was no significant difference between either the baseline or the post‐stimulation serum T4concentrations when values of dogs that survived were compared with those that died. There was, however, a significant difference (P<0.05) between both the baseline and the post‐stimulation values for T3 when survivors (100.3± 81 ng/dl, 143± 66 ng/dl) and non‐survivors (64.2 ± 17.1 ng/dl, 96.6 ± 38.3 ng/dl) were compared. The euthyroid sick syndrome occurs commonly in critically ill dogs. Further, the extent of depression of serum concentrations of T3may be correlated to mortality.
Nutritional Support In Pancreatitis: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Freeman Lisa M. , Labato Mary A. , Rush John E. , Murtaugh Robert J. 
Published: July 2007

SummaryThe medical records of animals with pancreatitis that received nutritional support were evaluated. Over a five year period (1989–1994), 16 patients with pancreatitis (14 dogs and 2 cats) received nutritional support. Affected animals commonly exhibited vomiting, diarrhea, and weight loss, as well as multiple clinicopathological abnormalities.Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) was used in 13 of the cases, while two animals received partial parenteral nutrition (PPN), and one was fed through a jejunostomy tube. The duration of nutritional support ranged from one to 13 days, with a mean of 6.6 days. Three of the animals receiving TPN had complications resulting from the nutritional support, including hyperglycemia, hyperammonemia, and hyperlipidemia. The survival rate for all 16 cases was 56% (9 of 16).A variety of nutritional support techniques can be successfully used in animals with pancreatitis and are associated with few complications, most of which can be managed with adjustments in treatment regimen.
Prognostic Indicators Of Survival In High‐Risk Canine Surgery Patients
Authors: Hardie Elizabeth M. , Jayawickrama Judith , Duff Lisa C. , Becker Karen M. 
Published: July 2007

SummaryCanine high‐risk surgical patients were identified, and the variables that distinguished between survivors and nonsurvivors were determined. Fifty‐two nonsurvivors and 176 survivors were randomly drawn from a population of 615 dogs undergoing general surgical procedures and entering the intensive care unit. Forty‐two variables were examined to determine which variables were significantly different between nonsurvivors and survivors. Properative variables that were significantly different were age, hospital days prior to surgery, the number of concurrent diseases, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) status, PCV, TP, platelet count, albumin concentration, alkaline phosphatase activity, bilirubin concentration, and surgery site (laparotomy = highest risk). Age, PCV, TP, platelet count, albumin concentration, alkaline phosphatase activity, and bilirubin concentration were then examined, using stepwise logistic regression for their ability to predict mortality in a separate population of 169 canine patients undergoing laparotomy. Age, TP, and platelet count were identified as predictive variables.
A Comparison of 2 Pluse Oximeters in Dogs
Authors: Matthews Nora S. , Sanders Eliazbeth A. , Hartsfield Sandee M. , Mercer Dana , Wooldridge Ann 
Published: July 2007

SummaryReadings from 2 veterinary pulse oximeters (SDI Vet‐Ox #4402 and Nellcor N‐20V) were compared in 6 isoflurane‐anesthetized dogs. Simultaneous readings Of Sp02were recorded from 2 sites (toe and ear) over a range of inspired oxygen concentrations (15‐100%), and compared to directly measured SaO2readings. Greater variability of readings was obtained from the Vet‐Ox, which failed to give readings 25% of the time. The bias (mean SaO2‐Sp02) and precision (SD of bias) were calculated from the data for each oximeter. For the Vet‐Ox, bias (precision) from the toe was +4.O (5.2) and from the ear +1.7 (2.2). The bias (precision) for N‐20V readings from the toe was +1.6 (1.5) and from the ear +0.7 (1.5). Generally, both oximeters tended to underestimate SaO2; however, both overestimated at the lowest Pa02values. Pearscn cowelation coeefficients were 0.81 for the Vet‐Ox and 0.94 for the N‐20V for the combined data, including value from probes placed on the toe and ear at all inspired oxygen concentrations. In the two locatiom from which readings were obtained, the 2 units performed quite differently.
Retrospective Study of Streptokinase Administration in 46 Cats with Arterial Thromboembolism
Authors: E. Moore Kari , Morris Nancy , Dhupa Nishi , J. Murtaugh Robert , E. Rush John 
Published: July 2007

SummaryA retrospective evaluation was performed on 46 cats with arterial thromboembolism (ATE) that were treated with streptokinase (SK). Significant heart disease was diagnosed in 45/46 cats, and 21/46 cats had congestive heart failure. Variable dosing schemes of streptokinase were administered within 1–20 hours following the onset of clinical signs (median = 5.5 hours). There was no difference between survivors (S) and non‐survivors (NS), based on time of administration of SK after onset of clinical signs. Twenty‐five (54%) of the cats had return of pulses within 2–24 hours of treatment. Fourteen (30%) of the cats had return of motor function between 9 hours and 6 days. Fifteen of the cats (33%) were discharged from the hospital, 18 (39%) died in the hospital, and 13 (28%) cats were euthanized due to complications or poor response to treatment. Four of 5 cats (80%) with single limb dysfunction survived to hospital discharge. Life threatening hyperkalemia was diagnosed in 16 cats (35%) after SK administration. Hyperkalemia was more likely to occur with the longer duration of SK infusion. Eleven cats (24%) developed clinical signs of bleeding following SK administration and 3 of these cats required a blood transfusion. Laboratory testing documented coagulopathy following SK administration in 11 out of 17 cats tested. Hypothermia and azotemia prior to SK administration and the development of hyperkalemia were negatively associated with survival.
Angiotensin‐(1‐7): Pharmacology and New Perspectives in Cardiovascular Treatments
Authors: Trask Aaron J. , Ferrario Carlos M. 
Published: July 2007

ABSTRACTMany advances have been made in the cardiovascular field in the last several decades. Among them is the progress completed to date on the heptapeptide member of the renin–angiotensin system (RAS), angiotensin‐(1‐7) [Ang‐(1‐7)]. The peptide's beneficial actions against pathophysiological processes, such as cardiac arrhythmia, heart failure, hypertension, renal disease, preeclampsia, and even cancer are continuously being uncovered. This review encompasses the pharmacology of Ang‐(1‐7) and expounds upon the peptide's potential as a therapeutic agent against pathological processes both within and outside the cardiovascular continuum.
Optimizing Platelet P2Y12 Inhibition for Patients Undergoing PCI
Authors: Steinhubl Steven , Roe Matthew T. 
Published: July 2007

ABSTRACTGuidelines recommend that dual antiplatelet therapy using aspirin and clopidogrel should be administered to the majority of patients with acute coronary syndromes, including those undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). However, the results of a large randomized, placebo‐controlled study suggest that a 300‐mg loading dose of clopidogrel must be administered at least 15 h prior to PCI in order to achieve a significant reduction in peri‐PCI thrombotic events. Other data suggest that 2 h of pretreatment may be sufficient if a 600‐mg loading dose is used. Since it is often difficult to achieve an adequate pretreatment goal with clopidogrel in clinical practice, more rapid achievement of platelet P2Y12 inhibition may improve patient outcomes. Prasugrel, [6‐[2‐(3,4‐diflurophenyl) cyclopropyl1‐1‐y1] amino‐2‐propylthio‐9?‐D‐ribofuranosyl‐9H‐purine (AZD6140), and cangrelor are platelet P2Y12 receptor antagonists currently in development that offer faster acting inhibition of adenosine diphosphate (ADP)—induced platelet aggregation. These agents act upon the same platelet receptor as clopidogrel, but are distinguished by their routes of administration, reversibility, and pharmacodynamic properties. Prasugrel is an orally administered agent that provides faster, higher, and more consistent inhibition of platelet aggregation than clopidogrel. The results of Phase II testing suggest that the risk of bleeding is similar in prasugrel‐ and clopidogrel‐treated patients. AZD6140 is another orally administered platelet inhibitor with rapid and reversible action. Again, Phase II testing suggests similar bleeding risk for clopidogrel. Preliminary evidence suggests that clinical outcomes may be better in prasugrel‐ and AZD6140‐treated patients than in clopidogrel‐treated patients. Cangrelor is an intravenously administered, reversible, short‐acting agent with a rapid onset of activity. Bleeding risk and clinical outcomes data are similar in cangrelor‐ and abciximab‐treated patients. The results of ongoing Phase III clinical trials involving more than 40,000 patients will demonstrate whether these agents fulfill their potential to improve outcomes in PCI‐treated patients by providing faster, higher, and more consistent inhibition of platelet aggregation.
Closed Fluoroscopic‐Assisted Spinal Arch External Skeletal Fixation for the Stabilization of Vertebral Column Injuries in Five Dogs
Authors: WHEELER JASON L. , LEWIS DANIEL D. , CROSS ALAN R. , SEREDA COLIN W. 
Published: July 2007

Objective— To evaluate outcome after closed fluoroscopic‐assisted application of spinal arch external skeletal fixators in dogs with vertebral column injuries.Study Design— Retrospective case series.Animals— Dogs with traumatic vertebral column injuries (n=5).Methods— Medical records of dogs with vertebral column fractures and/or luxations stabilized with spinal arch external skeletal fixator frames applied using a closed fluoroscopic‐assisted technique were reviewed. Owners were contacted to obtain long‐term clinical outcomes.Results— Five dogs (age range, 6–72 months; weight, 10–54 kg) had traumatic vertebral column injuries stabilized with spinal arch external skeletal fixators applied in closed fashion. Injuries involved vertebral segments of the thoracolumbar junction, lumbar spine, and lumbosacral junction. Immediately postoperatively, 4 dogs had anatomic alignment of their vertebral fracture/luxation; 1 dog had 1 mm of vertebral canal height compromise. Time to fixator removal ranged from 65 to 282 days (141±87 days). All dogs had regained satisfactory neurologic function by 3 months. At long‐term follow‐up (range, 282–780 days; mean 445±190 days) all dogs were judged to have good to excellent return of function by their owners.Conclusion— Successful closed fluoroscopic‐assisted application of external skeletal fixators using spinal arches provided satisfactory reduction with few complications in 5 dogs. Return to function was judged to be good to excellent in all dogs at long‐term evaluation.Clinical Relevance— Closed fluoroscopic‐assisted application of ESF using spinal arches provided satisfactory reduction and effective stabilization of spinal fractures with few complications and should be considered as a treatment approach.
Evaluation of the Success of Medical Management for Presumptive Thoracolumbar Intervertebral Disk Herniation in Dogs
Authors: LEVINE JONATHAN M. , LEVINE GWENDOLYN J. , JOHNSON SCOTT I. , KERWIN SHARON C. , HETTLICH BIANCA F. , FOSGATE GEOFFREY T. 
Published: July 2007

Objective—To determine the success of medical management of presumptive thoracolumbar disk herniation in dogs and the variables associated with treatment outcome.Study Design—Retrospective case series.Animals—Dogs (n=223) with presumptive thoracolumbar disk herniation.Methods—Medical records from 2 clinics were used to identify affected dogs, and owners were mailed a questionnaire about success of therapy, recurrence of clinical signs, and quality of life (QOL) as interpreted by the owner. Signalment, duration and degree of neurologic dysfunction, and medication administration were determined from medical records.Results—Eighty‐three percent of dogs (185/223) were ambulatory at initial evaluation. Successful treatment was reported for 54.7% of dogs, with 30.9% having recurrence of clinical signs and 14.4% classified as therapeutic failures. From bivariable logistic regression, glucocorticoid administration was negatively associated with success (P=.008; odds ratio [OR]=.48) and QOL scores (P=.004; OR=.48). The duration of cage rest was not significantly associated with success or QOL. Nonambulatory dogs were more likely to have lower QOL scores (P=.01; OR=2.34).Conclusions—Medical management can lead to an acceptable outcome in many dogs with presumptive thoracolumbar disk herniation. Cage rest duration does not seem to affect outcome and glucocorticoids may negatively impact success and QOL. The conclusions in this report should be interpreted cautiously because of the retrospective data collection and the use of client self‐administered questionnaire follow‐up.Clinical Relevance—These results provide an insight into the success of medical management for presumptive thoracolumbar disk herniation in dogs and may allow for refinement of treatment protocols.
Concordance between caregiver and child reports of children’s oral health‐related quality of life
Authors: Wilson‐Genderson Maureen , Broder Hillary L. , Phillips Ceib 
Published: July 2007

AbstractObjective:  This study sought to assess child‐caregiver concordance regarding children’s oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) using the Child Oral Health Impact Profile (COHIP).Methods:  The sample comprised treatment‐seeking children aged 8–15 with pediatric (n = 141), orthodontic (n = 135), and craniofacial (n = 100) needs and their caregivers. Children and their caregivers were queried concerning the child’s Oral health, Functional Well‐being, Social/Emotional Well‐being, School environment and Self‐image. These combined subscales yielded an overall OHRQoL rating. The dyads were distributed at recruitment locations as follows: Montreal (50 pediatric, 13 orthodontic, 15 craniofacial), UMDNJ (45 pediatric, 15 orthodontic, 0 craniofacial), and NYU (46 pediatric, 107 orthodontic, 85 craniofacial). Concordance was assessed with Spearman and intraclass correlations and Kruskal–Wallis testing of categories of agreement.Results:  Low to modest rates of agreement between child and caregiver were found for the sample overall. Rates of concordance between child and caregiver varied between clinical groups–craniofacial patients were more likely to rate OHRQoL higher than they were to agree with their caregivers’ ratings. In contrast, pediatric and orthodontic patients were more likely either agree with or rate their OHRQoL lower than their caregivers’ ratings.Conclusion:  These findings of child‐caregiver concordance using the COHIP supported previous work suggesting the usefulness of obtaining both child and caregiver reports of the child’s QoL.
Seventeen‐Year Clinical Study of Ultraviolet‐Cured Posterior Composite Class I and II Restorations
Authors: WILDER ALDRIDGE D. , MAY KENNETH N. , BAYNE STEPHEN C. , TAYLOR DUANE F. , LEINFELDER KARL F. 
Published: July 2007

Abstract: Objectives: To compare the clinical performance of four commercial ultraviolet light‐cured composite materials, and to evaluate curing‐system effects on long‐term wear resistance of Class I and II restorations. Materials and Methods: Approximately 32 samples of each of four different ultraviolet light‐cured composites (n = 130) were inserted into conventional Class I and I1 cavity preparations by two clinicians. Cavosurface margins of the preparations were not beveled. Enamel walls of the preparation were etched, and the respective bonding agent was applied. Each restoration was evaluated by two clinicians at 5, 10, and 17 years. Direct evaluations were performed using modified United States Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria. Indirect evaluations were performed using the Leinfelder cast evaluation method. Results: After 17 years, 65% of the restorations were recalled and pooled direct evaluations were conducted for color matching (94% alfa), marginal discoloration (100% alfa), marginal integrity (100% alfa), secondary caries (92% alfa), surface texture (72% alfa), and anatomic form (22% alfa). Mean occlusal wear from indirect evaluations at 5, 10, and 17 years was 197 ± 85 pm, 235 ± 72 μm, and 264 ± 80 μm, respectively. For direct and indirect evaluations there were significant differences (p±.05) between the baseline and 5‐year recall evaluations.
Effect of Two Abrasive Systems on Resin Bonding to Laboratory‐Processed Indirect Resin Composite Restorations
Authors: BOUSCHLICHER MURRAY R. , COBB DEBORAH S. , VARGAS MARCOS A. 
Published: July 2007

Abstract: Purpose: This study compared two methods of surface roughening or preparation, with or without the use of proprietary surface wetting agents, to evaluate their effect on resin cement adhesion to the following laboratory‐processed, indirect restorations: Artglass (AG), belleGlass HP (BG), Concept (C), and Targis (T). Methods of surface roughening or preparation included microetching with aluminum oxide (AC): 50 μm at 34 psi and silanized silica coating, CoJet‐Sand (CJ): 30 μm at 34 psi. Artglass and Concept were tested with and without the use of their respective surface wetting agents: Artglass Liquid (AGL) and Special Bond II (SB). Materials and Methods: One hundred twenty specimens, each consisting of a pair of cylinders (7.0 × 3 mm and 4.3 × 3 mm) were fabricated. The larger cylinder or base was embedded in self‐curing resin in a phenolic ring, and bonding surfaces were finished with 320‐grit silicon carbide paper. Specimen pairs for each restorative material were randomly assigned to treatment groups (n = 10) and received the following surface treatments prior to cementation group 1 (AG/AO/+AGL), group 2 (AG/AO/‐AGL), POUP 3 (AG/CJ/+AGL), group 4 (AG/CJ/‐AGL), group 5 (BG/AO), group 6 (BG/CJ), group 7 (C/AO/+SB), group 8 (C/AO/‐SB), group 9 (C/CJ/+SB), group 10 (C/CJ/‐SB), group 11 (T/AO), and group 12 (T/CJ). Specimen pairs were cemented with a dual‐cure resin cement (Dual) and a standardized force of 1 MPa. Specimens were light‐cured 40 seconds per side (80 s total), then thermocycled 300 times at between 5° and 55°C. Shear bond strengths (MPa) were determined using a Zwick Materials Testing Machine at a crosshead speed of 5 mm per minute. Results: One‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan's multiple range test (α= 0.05) by restoration type indicated no significant differences in shear bond strength between BG group 5 (29.8 ± 5.8), BG group 6 (28.3 ± 4.3), T group 11 (29.3 ± 4.9), and T group 12 (29.0 ± 4.4). Shear bond strength in AG group 3 (35.9 ± 3.4) was significantly higher than in AG group 4 (32.4 ± 4.0) and equal to that in AG group 2 (31.9 ± 3.9) and AG group 1 (30.0 ± 3.6). Shear bond strength in C group 10 (24.8 ± 5.7) was equal to that in C group 9 (21.5 ± 2.9), but was higher than in C groups 7 (19.4 ± 3.1) and 8 (19.3 ± 3.4).
Follow‐up Evaluation of a Series of Dentin‐Bonded Ceramic Restorations
Authors: BURKE F.J. TREVOR , QUALTROUGH ALISON J.E. 
Published: July 2007

ABSTRACT Purpose: The results of a retrospective evaluation of 60 dentin‐bonded full‐coverage restorations with an average time in service of 2.4 years previously have been reported. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the crowns after a further 2 years in service. Materials and Methods: The 23 patients in the initial study whose restorations were found to be intact in June 1996 were contacted by mail and invited to present for review in October 1998. The restorations of 20 respondents were assessed by two examiners using modified United States Public Health Service criteria. Results: The patients had received a total of 53 restorations (mean age of restorations, 4.4 years; range, 5.5–3 yr). At the time of examination, 48 restorations were found to be intact. No secondary caries was detected in these restorations, and optimal scores for gingival health, anatomic form, and marginal discoloration were recorded for 39, 47, and 33 crowns, respectively. Color match was assessed as being very good in 43 of the 48 restorations assessed. The reasons for replacement of the failed restorations were gingival recession (n = 1), restoration fracture (n = 1), core fracture (n = 1), and unknown (n = 2). Each patient's perception of his or her restorations was recorded by means of a questionnaire, with the responses indicating that all but two patients were satisfied. Only one patient had experienced any discomfort.CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCEThe dentin‐bonded full‐coverage restorations assessed in this study had provided satisfactory service and a high level of patient satisfaction over the period of the evaluation.
Properties of Packable Dental Composites
Authors: CHOI KYOUNG KYU , FERRACANE JACK L. , HILTON THOMAS J. , CHARLTON DAVID 
Published: July 2007

ABSTRACTThe introduction of many new packable composites suggests that these products are rapidly gaining popularity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the in vitro properties of a variety of packable composites and to determine if significant enhancements in physical and mechanical properties have been achieved for these materials compared with two popular nonpackable posterior composites. For the five packable and two regular composites tested (ALERT, Pyramid‐Dentin, Pyramid‐Enamel, Solitaire, SureFil, Heliomolar, and Z100), the values for fracture toughness, flexure strength, flexure modulus, hardness, and volumetric polymerization shrinkage were determined. In general, although the packable composites were of heavier consistency, they had mechanical properties that were intermediate to (ALERT, Pyramid, and SureFil) or lower than (Solitaire) those of the nonpackable materials. These results could have been predicted based on the similar meth‐acrylate resin chemistry and filler volumes of the various composites. No composite had adequate depth‐of‐cure when tested in increments greater than 2 mm thick. Polymerization contraction of the packable composites was similar to or higher than that of the nonpackable composites. In addition, the radiopacity of at least one material, Solitaire, was not considered to be adequate (less than 2 mm of aluminum). The results of this study suggest that these packable composites are unlikely to offer improved clinical performance over well‐placed nonpackable composites.CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCEPackable composites have physical and mechanical properties that are similar to those of nonpackable posterior composites and are, therefore, expected to provide equivalent clinical performance.