bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Voltammetric Oxidation of Hantzsch 1,4‐Dihydropyridines in Ethanol‐Water Media.
Authors: Fotouhi Lida , Khaleghi Shahnaz , Heravi Majid M. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Utilization of a Tandem Michael—Dieckmann Reaction to Synthesize Orixalone A.
Authors: Cuny Gregory D. , Lee Kyungae , Choi Sungwoon 
Published: September 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
The New γ‐Spiroiminolactone Synthesis by Reaction Between Alkyl or Aryl Isocyanides and 1,10‐Phenanthroline‐5,6‐dione in the Presence of Acetylenic Esters.
Authors: Maghsoodlou Malek Taher , Khorassani Sayyed Mostafa Habibi , Hazeri Nourollah , Heydari Reza , Marandi Ghasem , Nassiri Mahmoud 
Published: September 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Substituent Effect of Fluorine Atoms in the 2,4‐Difluorophenyl Group on Antifungal Activity of CS‐758.
Authors: Kagoshima Yoshiko , Konosu Toshiyuki 
Published: September 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Identification and Characterization of 4‐Aryl‐3,4‐dihydropyrimidin‐2(1H)‐ones as Inhibitors of the Fatty Acid Transporter FATP4.
Authors: Blackburn Christopher , et al. et al. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Green Protocol for Annulation of the s‐Triazine Ring on Thiazoles Using a Three‐Component Coupling Strategy.
Authors: Yadav Lal Dhar S. , Yadav Seema , Rai Vijai K. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Preparation of a Novel C3 Symmetrical Hexahomotrithiacalix[3]arene that Binds Ag+ with High Selectivity.
Authors: Kohno Kazufumi , Takeshita Michinori , Yamato Takehiko 
Published: September 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
The Synthesis of Heliannuol C, an Allelochemical from Helianthus annuus.
Authors: Biswas Bidyut , Sen Prabir K. , Venkateswaran Ramanathapuram V. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
An Eudesmane Glycoside from Fissistigma pallens
Authors: Thuy T. T. , Sung T. V. , Hao N. T. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Asymmetric Synthesis of Protected Arylglycines by Rhodium‐Catalyzed Addition of Arylboronic Acids to N‐tert‐Butanesulfinyl Imino Esters.
Authors: Beenen Melissa A. , Weix Daniel J. , Ellman Jonathan A. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Facile Route for the Regioselective Deacetylation of Peracetylated Carbohydrates at Anomeric Position.
Authors: Chittaboina Srinivas , Hodges Blake , Wang Qian 
Published: September 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Asymmetric Syntheses of 4‐, 5‐ and 6‐Membered N‐Heterocycles Employing the SAMP/RAMP Hydrazone Methodology
Authors: Enders Dieter , Boudou Marine , Gries Joerg 
Published: September 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Rhodium‐Catalyzed C—H Amination — Versatile Methodology for the Selective Preparation of Amines and Amine Derivatives
Authors: Du Bois Justin 
Published: September 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Alkynylation of Chiral Aldehydes: Alkoxy‐, Amino‐, and Thio‐Substituted Aldehydes
Authors: Guillarme Stephane , Ple Karen , Banchet Aline , Liard Annie , Haudrechy Arnaud 
Published: September 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthetic Approaches to Enantiomerically Pure 8‐Azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane Derivatives
Authors: Pollini Gian P. , Benetti Simonetta , De Risi Carmela , Zanirato Vinicio 
Published: September 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
5‐Hydroxytryptamine 2C (5‐HT2C) Receptor Agonists as Potential Antiobesity Agents.
Authors: Nilsson Bjoern M. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Hydrophosphination of Unactivated Alkenes, Dienes and Alkynes: A Versatile and Valuable Approach for the Synthesis of Phosphines
Authors: Delacroix O. , Gaumont A. C. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Transport and Thermodynamic Properties in Low Melting Point Ionic Liquids Related to N‐Alkyl Chain Length
Authors: Balaban A. T. , Klein D. J. , March N. H. , Matthai C. C. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
The significance of neuroendocrine differentiation in adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and esophagogastric junction after preoperative chemoradiation
Authors: Wang Kim L. , Yang Qinghua , Cleary Karen R. , Swisher Stephen G. , Correa Arlene M. , Komaki Ritsuko , Ajani Jaffer A. , Rashid Asif , Hamilton Stanley R. , Wu Tsung‐Teh 
Published: September 2006

AbstractBACKGROUND.Esophageal and esophagogastric junction (EGJ) adenocarcinomas frequently have neuroendocrine (NE) differentiation, but the significance of NE differentiation in patients who have undergone preoperative chemoradiation and resection remains unclear.METHODS.The authors evaluated the presence of NE differentiation in esophageal and EGJ adenocarcinomas by immunohistochemistry for chromogranin A and synaptophysin and evaluated the clinical significance of NE differentiation in 83 patients (10 patients who had a complete tumor response and 73 patients who had residual tumor in resection specimens) who received preoperative chemoradiation.RESULTS.Of 73 patients who had residual tumor after preoperative treatment, 52% showed NE differentiation. The proportion of tumor cells with NE differentiation had increased from 6% ± 18% in pretreatment biopsy specimens to 47% ± 42% (P = .00003) in posttreatment resection specimens in 30 patients who had paired pretreatment biopsy and resection specimens available. Disease‐free survival (P = .002) and overall survival (P = .006) were significantly better in patients who had a complete tumor response than in patients who had residual tumor. Among patients who had residual tumor after preoperative chemoradiation, disease‐free survival (P = .03) and overall survival (P = .045) were significantly better in patients who had residual tumor without NE differentiation than in patients who had residual tumor with NE differentiation. In multivariate analysis, the presence of NE differentiation in residual tumor was a prognostic factor for worse disease‐free survival (P = .02) independent of pathologic stage and extent of residual tumor.CONCLUSIONS.The results from this study suggested that tumor cells with NE differentiation were more resistant to neoadjuvant chemoradiation in patients with esophageal and EGJ adenocarcinomas. The presence of NE differentiation in residual tumor was associated with poor survival after preoperative neoadjuvant therapy. Cancer 2006. © 2006 American Cancer Society.
Pitx2c overexpression promotes cell proliferation and arrests differentiation in myoblasts
Authors: Martínez‐Fernandez Sergio , Hernández‐Torres Francisco , Franco Diego , Lyons Gary E. , Navarro Francisco , Aránega Amelia E. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractPitx2 is a paired‐related homeobox gene that has been shown to play a central role during development. In the mouse, there are three isoforms, Pitx2a, b, and c, which differ only in their amino terminal regions. Pitx2 is expressed in myotomes, myoblasts, and myofibers and may be involved in muscle patterning. However, the mechanism by which Pitx2 acts in muscle cell lineages as well as the distinct functions of the individual isoforms have not been investigated. In this study, we used Sol8 myoblasts to investigate the function of Pitx2 in skeletal myogenesis. We found that Pitx2c is the main Pitx2 isoform present in Sol8 myoblasts. Overexpression of Pitx2c in Sol8 myoblasts inhibited myocyte differentiation and myotube formation. Furthermore, Sol8 cells overexpressing Pitx2c maintained high proliferative capacity and a significant up‐regulation of the cell cycle genes cyclin D1, cyclin D2, and c‐myc. Gene expression analysis for Pax3 and the s MyoD and myogenin showed that Pitx2c‐overexpression caused Sol8 cells to remain as myoblasts, in an undifferentiated myogenic state. Furthermore, down‐regulation of the muscle‐specific genes sTnI and MyHC3 demonstrated that Sol8‐overexpressing Pitx2c myoblasts failed to reach terminal differentiation. This study sheds light on previously unknown functions of the Pitx2c isoform in balancing proliferation vs. differentiation in a myogenic cell line. Developmental Dynamics 235:2930–2939, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Inhibitors of CXCR4 affect the migration and fate of CXCR4+ progenitors in the developing limb of chick embryos
Authors: Yusuf Faisal , Rehimi Rizwan , Moroşan‐Puopolo Gabriela , Dai Fangping , Zhang Xiaobing , Brand‐Saberi Beate 
Published: September 2006

AbstractChemokines and their receptors play major roles in numerous physiological and pathological processes during development and disease. CXCR4 is the most abundantly expressed chemokine receptor during development. In contrast to other chemokine receptors, CXCR4 binds and is activated exclusively by its ligand stromal derived factor‐1 (SDF‐1) or CXCL12. SDF‐1 signaling has a wide range of effects on CXCR4‐expressing cells depending on the cell type ranging from cell growth to adhesion, chemotaxis, and migration. CXCR4 also serves as a co‐receptor for HIV‐1 entry into T‐cells and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis and cancer growth and invasion. Numerous inhibitors and antagonists of CXCR4 have been produced and are being tested for their efficiency to target its role in pathogenesis. Our initial expression analysis revealed that CXCR4 is expressed by the migrating myogenic and angiogenic precursors in the developing chick limb. In this study, we used the most specific peptidic inhibitors of CXCR4, T140 and its analog TN14003, to analyse the effect of blocking CXCR4/SDF‐1 signaling on the undetermined bioptent migratory progenitors in the developing chick limb. Our results point to defects in migration and an altered differentiation program of these CXCR4‐expressing progenitor pool in the limb. Developmental Dynamics 235:3007–3015, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Primary body axes of vertebrates: Generation of a near‐Cartesian coordinate system and the role of Spemann‐type organizer
Authors: Meinhardt Hans 
Published: September 2006

AbstractA rationale for the complex‐appearing generation of the primary body axes in vertebrates can be obtained if this process is divided into two parts. First, an ancestral system is responsible for the anteroposterior (AP) patterning of the brain and the positioning of the heart. The blastopore (marginal zone) acts as a source region that generates primary AP‐positional information for the brain, a process that is largely independent of the organizer. This evolutionary old system was once organizing the single axis of radial–symmetric ancestors. Second, the trunk is assumed to be an evolutionary later addition. The AP organization of the trunk depends on a time‐controlled posterior transformation in which an oscillation plays a crucial role. This oscillation also leads to the repetitive nature of the trunk pattern as seen in somites or segments. The function of the Spemann‐type organizer is not to specify the dorsoventral (DV) positional information directly but to initiate the formation of a stripe‐shaped midline organizer, realized with different structures in the brain and in the trunk (prechordal plate vs. notochord). The distance of the cells to this midline (rather than to the organizer) is crucial for the DV specification. The basically different modes of axes formation in vertebrates and insects is proposed to have their origin in the initial positioning of the mesoderm. Only in vertebrates the mesoderm is initiated in a ring at a posterior position. Thus, only in vertebrates complex tissue movements are required to transform the ring‐shaped posterior mesoderm into the rod‐shaped axial structures. Developmental Dynamics 235:2907–2919, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Relationships between perfectionism and specific disordered eating behaviors
Authors: Forbush Kelsie , Heatherton Todd F. , Keel Pamela K. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractObjective:Perfectionism has been reported as a specific risk factor for anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, but not binge eating disorder. This study examined whether these differences are due to differential associations between perfectionism and specific eating disorder behaviors.Method:Participants (N = 2,482) completed the eating disorders inventory perfectionism scale and a questionnaire assessing eating disorder symptoms.Results:Perfectionism was associated with an array of disordered eating behaviors in women. However, associations were strongest for fasting and purging. Further, the association between binge eating and perfectionism was statistically mediated by fasting. In men, perfectionism was significantly associated only with fasting, and this association was greater than associations with other disordered eating behaviors.Conclusion:Results explain why previous studies have reported weak or inconsistent associations between perfectionism and binge eating and may inform etiological models of EDNOS characterized by fasting or purging. © 2006 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2006
Physical activity and its correlates in treatment‐seeking obese patients with binge eating disorder
Authors: Hrabosky Joshua I. , White Marney A. , Masheb Robin M. , Grilo Carlos M. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractObjective:This study examined the physical activity levels reported by obese individuals with binge eating disorder (BED), as well as the relationships between physical activity and body mass index (BMI), features of eating disorders, and associated psychological variables.Method:A series of 166 obese treatment‐seeking adults (121 women and 45 men) with BED were administered structured diagnostic interviews and self‐report questionnaires.Results:This clinical group was found to be extremely sedentary. Self‐reported physical activity levels, measured by the Paffenbarger Physical Activity Questionnaire, were comparable with those reported by obese samples with or without binge eating in other studies, but were considerably lower than those reported by a community sample. Lifestyle physical activity (e.g., amounts of walking and stair climbing) and sports and recreational physical activity were unrelated to most clinical characteristics. BMI was significantly, albeit weakly, associated with reported sports and recreational activities in women, but not in men.Conclusion:Our findings highlight the degree to which obese patients with BED are inactive. Physical activity was largely uncorrelated with measures of eating disorder and psychological functioning in both men and women but was significantly, but weakly, correlated with BMI in women. Additional research is needed to determine the clinical value of physical activity for this patient group. © 2006 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2006
Optimization of Xylanase Production by Sporotrichum thermophile Using Corn Cobs and Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Katapodis P. , Christakopoulou V. , Christakopoulos P. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractA 32 central composite experimental design was performed with the aim of optimizing the production of xylanase by Sporotrichum thermophile grown on corn cobs in submerged cultures. Various carbon and nitrogen sources were consecutively optimized, and corn cobs and ammonium phosphate concentrations were selected as substrates to test the effect of two variables, i.e., both substrate concentrations, on xylanase production. A second‐order quadratic model and a response surface method showed that the optimum conditions for xylanase production were 2.7 % [w/v] corn cobs and 0.7 % [w/v] ammonium phosphate. These optimum conditions were transferred to 7 L bioreactors, where activities as high as 56 U/mL were obtained.
Origin and evolution of closed depressions in central Belgium, European loess belt
Authors: Vanwalleghem T. , Poesen J. , Vitse I. , Bork H. R. , Dotterweich M. , Schmidtchen G. , Deckers J. , Lang A. , Mauz B. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractClosed depressions (CDs) are lower lying areas where the sediment eroded from the surrounding soil surfaces draining towards the CD is trapped in the system. CDs have been reported in several regions of the European loess belt and are attributed either to natural processes (e.g. dissolution of subsurface horizons) or to human intervention (e.g. quarrying). Previous studies focussed mainly on cropland areas where, however, only few and largely filled in CDs remain.The objectives of this study were to i) assess the spatial distribution of CDs under forest and cropland, ii) to determine and compare the morphology of CDs under forest and under cropland, and iii) to determine the origin and age of these CDs under forest.In a study area located partly in ancient forest (13 km2) and partly in cropland (29 km2), a systematic survey revealed the presence of 71 CDs under forest (5·3 CD.km−2) and 30 CDs under cropland (1 CD.km−2). Comparison of their morphology showed that CDs under forest were significantly deeper, with steeper sidewalls and a smaller surface area because of the erosion and deposition processes acting on the CDs under cropland. By comparing CDs that had been under cropland for different time intervals, the rate of this morphological evolution could be reconstructed.Analysis of the soil stratigraphy of two representative CDs in the ancient forest area confirmed their origin as quarries. Most probably, calcareous loess was excavated since this soil horizon, about two to five meters thick, was completely absent within the CDs. Dating of the infilling of one CD by optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) shows that the CD filled in between the first century BC and the fourth century AD. This dating corresponds to the dating of sediment deposits in nearby, human‐induced gullies that were attributed to an agricultural land use phase between the 18th century BC and the third century AD.
Soils and soil sediments at Göbekli Tepe, southeastern Turkey: A preliminary report
Authors: Pustovoytov Konstantin 
Published: September 2006

AbstractA pedological investigation at Göbekli Tepe, a Pre‐Pottery Neolithic (PPN) site in the northern Fertile Crescent (southeastern Turkey), was undertaken to gain a better understanding of its chronology and paleoenvironments. A catena at the southern slope of the central mound suggests that complex pedosedimentary processes took place at the surface of the mound after the abandonment of the site. Soil formation resulted in a markedly dark Ah horizon and a Bk horizon with secondary carbonate accumulations; both hold promise as sources of chronological and paleoecological information. Three fossil Ah horizons from the PPN period were found within the fill. One of them provided a 14C age of 8880 ± 60 yr B.P. (on humic acids) that may approximate the time of abandonment. 14C dating of the oldest microlamina of pedogenic carbonate gave two new dates: 7450 ± 80 yr B.P. for a PPNB context and 6405 ± 70 yr B.P. for a post‐PPNB context. These dates have to be considered as well‐estimated minimum ages of the contexts. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Electrophoretic deposition of hydroxyapatite coating on fecralloy and analysis of human osteoblastic cellular response
Authors: Guo Xingyuan , Gough Julie , Xiao Ping 
Published: September 2006

AbstractHydroxyapatite has been successfully deposited onto Fecralloy substrate (a metal alloy with 22% Cr, 4.8% Al) by electrophoretic deposition in an attempt to promote the adhesion between coating and substrate, consequently to extend the lifetime of implants. Fecralloy has the ability to generate a dense and stable α‐Al2O3 layer “in situ” during thermal treatment, which will highly improve the adhesion and the corrosion resistance of the coating system. Phases and morphologies of HA coating were found to vary after sintering according to XRD and SEM analysis. Besides the physicochemical characterization, the effects of the Fecralloy, thermally generated oxide layer, and HA coating on the early and late responses of osteoblasts in vitro were determined. Cellular morphology and proliferation were studied up to 7 days. Quantitative assays of mineralization were conducted up to 14 days. Osteoblasts showed increased cell spreading and cell proliferation on metal substrates, with significantly higher mineralization on HA coating. The results in this study proved that Fecralloy is a biocompatible metal and the HA coating on Fecralloy provides a good candidate for orthopaedic and dental implants. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2007