bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ideological-Aesthetic Significance of Stropha in the Poetry of the Independence Period
Authors: Murodilovna Oripova Gulnozakhan 
Published: March 2024

This study delves into the exploration of ideological-aesthetic and artistic poignancy within independence-era poetry through an analysis of strophic structures. Employing psychological, structural-poetic, and descriptive techniques, the research examines both the internal and external compositional properties of strophes. By focusing on the poetry of notable figures such as Sirozhiddin Sayyid, Fakhriyor, Abdulla Qutbiddin, Abdullah Sher, and Ulugbek Hamdam, various strophic structures are identified and analyzed. The conclusions drawn from this scientific inquiry serve as the foundation for advancing the scientific-theoretical understanding of lyrical genres in poetry, contributing valuable insights to the broader scholarly discourse.
Highlights:

The study investigates the intricate strophic structures of independence-era poetry, shedding light on their ideological-aesthetic significance.
Psychological, structural-poetic, and descriptive techniques are utilized to dissect both internal and external compositional properties of strophes.
By analyzing works of prominent poets like Sirozhiddin Sayyid and Abdullah Sher, the research contributes to a deeper understanding of lyrical genres and their artistic implications in poetry.

Keywords: Strofa, Ideological-Aesthetic Property, Rhythm, Poetic Thought, Artistic Detail.
Effect of Leafy Nutrition Humic Acid and Gibberellic Acid on Growth and Productivity of Barley
Authors: Al-Rubaiee Fadhil Alaywe Atiyah 
Published: March 2024

Pots experiment was carried out during the 2018 – 2019 growing season to study the effect of humic acid (0, 3, and 6mg.L-1) and gibberellic acid (0,100 and 200 mg.L-1) leafy nutrition and their interaction with barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) growth and yield. The experiment was conducted as a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates, The means were compared at 0.05 according to the Least Significant Differential Test (LSD). The result showed a significant increase in plant height ( cm ), shoot dry weight ( g ), root dry weight ( g ), flag leaf area ( cm2 ), spike length ( cm ), number of spikes per plant, number of spikelets per spike, 100 grains weight, grains yield ( g / pot ), and total chlorophyll content (SPAD ), with increased concentration of Humic acid and gibberellic acid, and their interaction compared to control plants. Humic acid at 3 mg. L-1 and gibberellic acid at 100 mg. L-1 was the highest rate for all testing parameters.
Observations on the age and growth of Varicorhinus damascinus (Val.) in Tigris river at Salahuldin province – Iraq
Authors: Dauod Hussain A. M. , Al-Ibady Qatar Al-Nada A. , Al-Jabbar Riyad A. Abid 
Published: March 2024

Age and growth of Varicorhinus damascinus (Val.) in Tigris river at Salahuldin province have been investigated. Monthly samples were taken during the period from September 1999 to August 2000, using small-meshed gill nets. The age data showed that there were six age groups and the dominant age groups were (III – IV) for both sexes. The results of the present study revealed that the increment in length of V. damascinus at the sites of study showed a tendency to decrease with the increase in age, after the third year of life in both sexes. The length-weight relationship of males and females were calculated and demonstrated in a straight line logarithmic formula, as follows:
Log	W = 1.5404 + 2.6885 log L	for males	r = 0.95 (P > 0.05)
Log	W = 1.6723 + 2.7877 log L	for females	r = 0.77 (P > 0.05)
The values of the regression coefficient (b) indicated that the growth of both sexes of V. damascinus was allometric..
The Relationship Between Hyperglycemia and the Rheumatoid Factor in the Serum of Diabetic Patients
Authors: Al-Gharawi Ali M. 
Published: March 2024

This study was conducted to determine the relationship between two most common diseases in Iraqis patients , which are Diabetic mellitus (DM) and Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA); seeking rheumatoid factor in hyperglycemic sera.	The results revealed that ; 62.5% of hyperglycemic (HG) patients had positive rheumatoid factor (RF) . No difference in number between both gender of HG patients (20 males and 20 females ) , RF reaction was nearly similar in males and females of HG patients ( 12 &13 respectively ) . Only 40% out of patient controls had positive RF . None of the apparently healthy subjects had positive RF .
Extraction and Purification of albumin from Hunan plasma
Authors: Atia S.S. , Alani S.R , Muaibed H.W. , Abaas S.A.A , Atia S.A. , Kareem L.M 
Published: March 2024

This study includes adescription of Human serum Albumin by amodified using ion- exchange chromatography with manipulated comparison with cold ethanol precipitation method , It has been nticed that this procedure is superior orer the classical method . The Final yield by the new method 69.32% with purity of 83.42% compared with cohn which yield 60.30 % with purity of 80.7 % .
The new method prored that it suitable for the pusi Fication of such material because it yield no precipitation material and it increases the Final yield of albumin solutions .
•	Human serum Albumin .
•	Albumin purification .
•	Ion – exchange chromatography .
•	Human plasma .
•	Albumin extraction .
Synthesis of New Mannich Bases from Indole Derivatives
Authors: Al-Araji Suad M. , Ali Rana A. 
Published: March 2024

This work includes two steps of synthesis, the first one is the synthesis of indole which was prepared according to literature of the reaction of phenyl hydrazine with acetaldehyde in glacial acetic acid afforded phenyl hydrazone of acetaldehyde , this product was fused with zinc chloride to give the indole.Reaction of cyclohexanone with phenyl hydrazine using the same procedure for the preparing giving 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydrocarbazole.Second step involved synthesis of a series of (17) of mannich bases derivatives of indole and 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydrocarbazle. Mannich reaction involves the condensation of aldehyde usually formaldehyde with different secondary amine and with compound containing an activated hydrogen.The reaction illustrated by the following equation :R2NH+HCHO+RH?R2N-CH2-R+H2O	These compounds were characterized by U.V , FT-IR and 1H-NMR spectra for two compounds. The secondary amines that used to prepare mannich bases are:N-methyl –N-phenyl amine, N,N-dimethyl amine, N,N- diphenyl amine, N-ethyl –N- phenyl amine, N,N-di-n-propyl amine, pyrrolidine, morpholine, N- methyl pipyridine, N,N-dibenzyl amine, N,N-di –n-butyl amine and N,N-di ethyl amine.
The Inhibitory Effect Zingiber Offlcinale Extracts on Microorganisms whichAssociated with Biscuit.
Authors: Khudair EshraQ. Gehad 
Published: March 2024

The research aimed at studying the inhibitive effect of the hot watery dry and ethanolic ginger(85%) and fragrant oil which are added in concentrates of o.o25, o.o5o and 0.1g / 100g respectively in the growth of bacteria and molds. The results of the initial chemical diagnosis showed containment of ginger roots extract on. Alkaloids, Glycosides, Flavonoids and Suponins. The highest inhibitive effect of the bacteria reached the concentrate . 0.1% of the oil extract then the concentrate 0.050% of the ethanolic hot extract follows it. While 0.1% was the least inhibitive concentrate for the hot watery extract. But the inhibitive effect of the hot oily and alcoholic extracts in the numbers of molds colonies was 0.025%, when the concentrate 0.1% of the hot watery extract appeared the least inhibitive concentrate for molds.	The ensual evaluation of the manufactured biscuit which is stored for fifteen weeks results showed the excel of the treatment A3 (concentrate 0.1%) of the hot ethanolic extract in the aualities of appearance , flavor and flakiness where it reached 5.800 indicates the efficievcy of the effective compounds in ginger in protecting from rancidity and oxidation during the storing period in comparison to the control treatment (without adding ginger) where it got 4.600, 4.600 and 5 respectively . when the treatments A1(0.0 25%), A2(0.050%) and O1(0.025%) got the least values where it reached 2.800, 3.800, 3.600 in the qualities of color, texture and general acceptance.
Qualitative and Quantitative study of Epipelic algae in Tigris River within Baghdad City, Iraq
Authors: Hassan Fikrat M. , Al-Bdulameer Saja H. 
Published: March 2024

The present study conducted to study epipelic algae in the Tigris River within Baghdad city for one year from September 2011 to August 2012 due to the importance role of benthic algae in lotic ecosystems. Five sites have been chosen along the river. A total of 154 species of epipelic algae was recorded belongs to 45 genera, where Bacillariophyceae (Diatoms) was the dominant groups followed by Cyanophyceae and Chlorophyceae. The numbers of common types in three sites were 47 species. Bacillariophyceae accounted 88.31% of the total number of epipelic algae, followed by Cyanophyceae 7.14 % and Chlorophyceae 4.55%. A 85 species (29 genera) recorded in site 1, 103 species (34 genera) in site2, 112 species (35 genera) in site3, 96 species (32 genera) in site4, and 85 species (29 genera) in site5.	Spatial and temporal distributions of epipelic algae were noticed in this study. The higher total number of epipelic algae (91504.01cell cm-2) was recorded at site 5 in spring 2012, while the lower was (37017.98cell cm-2) in summer 2012 at site1. Some genera have recorded higher number species during the study period; these genera were Nitzschia, Navicula, Cymbella, Gomphonema, Synedra, Achnanthes, Oscillatoria, and Lyngbya. The study revealed that Bacillariophyceae were more prominent within all study sites and followed by Cyanophyceae, while a few numbers of Chlorophyceae was appeared.
Multimineral Modeling and Brittleness Index Estimation Using Core and Geophysical Well Log Data in the East Bokaro Coalfield of India
Authors: Banerjee A. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
—Accurate assessment of mineral content and the brittleness index (BI) is crucial for designing effective hydraulic fracturing treatments in coal seams, a parameter required in the East Bokaro Coalfield in India. This study combines sidewall-core and well log data, focusing on well A-1, where X-ray diffraction analysis of sidewall cores was conducted to identify mineral content. The obtained mineralogical data were extrapolated to well A-2 through a synthesis of well log parameters, X-ray diffraction analysis, and prior research results. Linear regression equations incorporating known minerals and well log data as input parameters were employed to calculate volumetric mineral content in the formations. The reliability of the model was validated by assessing the minimal difference between predicted and observed log curves. Furthermore, the brittleness index was determined using both geomechanical methods based on compressional wave velocity and mineralogical methods incorporating quartz, feldspar, and dolomite content. Comparative analysis of BI values demonstrated a consistent trend, while variations in the mineralogic BI were observed in relation to mineral content. This study not only establishes a continuous multimineral model for cases with unavailable core data but also contributes to advancing the understanding of mineral content variations. Additionally, the correlation between BI variations and mineral contents enhances our knowledge of the geomechanical properties essential for design of hydraulic fracturing in coal formations. The results presented herein offer valuable insights for optimizing hydraulic fracturing strategies in the East Bokaro Coalfield and provide a foundation for further research in similar geologic settings.
Experimental Investigation and Computational Insights of Enhanced Rheological Stability of Water-Based Drilling Fluids by Microspherical Polymers
Authors: Xu Lin , Shen Jiamin , Xu Mingbiao , Wu Shuqi , Wang Xiaotang , Bao Yu , Huang Meilan , Yu Chunyan , Ding Yu 
Published: March 2024

Summary
3D bulk polymer, as an alternative to linear polymer, has exhibited large potential in formulating high-performance water-based drilling fluids. Understanding the mechanism behind the enhanced rheological stability of drilling fluids by microspherical polymers is critical for designing and developing new high-performance drilling fluids. In this work, we conducted a pioneering investigation that integrated experimental techniques with computational modeling, to explore the enhancement mechanism involved in the targeted drilling fluids. Inverse emulsion polymerization experiments were first carried out to fabricate the microspherical polymer acrylic acid (AA), acrylamide (AM), and 2-acryloylamino-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid [P(AA-AM-AMPS)], and then physicochemical properties of microspherical polymer were characterized. Subsequently, the performance of drilling fluids with microspherical polymer as an additive was systematically evaluated. Finally, molecular simulations were used to investigate the characteristics of chemical active sites, molecular conformation, and structural variation at various temperatures. The results showed that the final microspherical polymer has a core-shell structure, with an average size of 198.3 nm and a molecular weight of 6.2×106 g/mol. The 3D structure exhibits good thermal stability, and thermal decomposition occurs above 220°C. The drilling fluids formulated with the microspherical polymer showed better rheological stability in the medium-low (4–65°C) and medium-ultrahigh (40–240°C) temperature ranges, compared with the relevant drilling fluids with the parallel linear polymer. Analyses on electrostatic potentials (ESPs) and frontier molecular orbital (FMO) revealed that active groups within the confined sphere domain mainly include carbonyl C = O and amide -CO(NH2). Additionally, these active groups exhibit a hierarchical distribution in the outer molecular region. Analyses on the radius of gyration (Rg) and the radial distribution function g(r) further validated the core-shell structure of microspherical polymer and its temperature-resistant stability. Moreover, a new self-consistent structural compensation model was proposed to rationalize the structure-activity relationship of microspherical polymer in drilling fluids. The computational results align well with the experimental findings. This pioneering work will provide valuable information for both the synthesis of new functional additives and the formulation of tailored-performance drilling fluids.
Near-Wellbore Salinity Effect on Sand Control Plugging by Fines Migration in Steam-Assisted Gravity Drainage Producer Wells
Authors: Dadjou Hoda , Miri Rahman , Salimi Mahmoud , Nouri Alireza 
Published: March 2024

Summary
Sand control screens are necessary for steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) wells drilled into oil sands to prevent sand production. However, the accumulation of mobilized fine particles near the wellbore can result in screen plugging, adversely affecting the well’s flow performance. This research assesses the effects of formation water salinity on fines migration and the flow performance of sand control screens in SAGD wells. The study primarily examines these effects through sand retention testing (SRT) conducted under representative rock and multiphase flow conditions.
This research developed a novel SRT methodology, which implemented the salinity effect in multiphase flow through sandpack and sand control screen. Two sand retention tests were designed, both using identical procedures in two-phase fluid flow (oil and brine), flow rate, and water cut. The first test used constant salinity, emulating existing SRT procedures in the literature. The second test, however, used gradually reducing levels of salinity to emulate declining salinities around SAGD production wells caused by the flow of condensed steam.
The results indicated a significant decrease in the retained permeability of the screen coupon due to fines migration triggered by the reduction of salinity. Single-phase oil flow stages did not show noticeable produced fine particles at the outlet. In two-phase flow conditions, high flow rate and water cut stages induced higher produced fine particles under constant salinity, reflecting the hydrodynamic effects in fines migration. However, observations confirmed a substantial mass concentration of fine particles was mobilized, retained, and produced by reducing salinity.
The findings of this study reveal the importance of the salinity effect on fines migration and the flow performance of SAGD wells where high saline formation water is diluted by low-saline condensate steam. Testing results indicate the necessity of incorporating the chemical effects in sand retention tests. Further research considering high-pressure and high-temperature conditions around SAGD wells and interactions with other formation damage mechanisms would extend this research.
Geophysical Case Study for Archaeological Impact Assessment at Fort Emma, Kanowit, Sarawak
Authors: Bujeng Velat , Masnan Shyeh Sahibul Karamah , Ramle Sairul , Albert Deejay Daxter A. , Ismail Nur Azwin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The primary purpose of this research is to collect data and save the archaeological context (material culture) in-situ before being disturbed by conservation activities and upgrading the site of Kubu Emma, Kanowit, Sarawak. This research applied a systematic and multidisciplinary method to obtain maximum data to solve the issue of historical chronology and archaeological context to strengthen further the culture that took place when this site since the reign of Rajah Brooke. The approach applied at this site is divided into three main stages, namely i) geophysical (GPR) and archaeological fieldwork and ii) laboratory analysis, and iii) data interpretation. In general, the results of the GPR survey show three soil layers: the L2 layer at a depth of 0.3–0.4 meters and the L3 layer at 1.0-1.2 meters. Determination of the building's foundation structure has shown that it is at a depth of no more than 0.6 meters deep. Excavations carried out in section A have revealed in-situ artifacts from spit six to spit 15 (50–60 cm), while in section B, artifacts were found at spit four and continued until spit 14. Among the archaeological context, evidence found are porcelain shards, stoneware shards, metal objects, glass shards, earthenware shards, and others.
Inhibitory effects of some metal complexes on four culturable bacteria isolated from indoor air of 30 Unilorin offices
Authors: ADETITUN David Olugbenga , Suberu Rebecca , Rajee Abdullahi Ola 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Microbial contamination indoors significantly impacts air quality and human health. This study focused on microbial contamination in indoor environments, specifically in 30 offices at the University of Ilorin. The research aimed to isolate, characterize, and identify bacteria present in the indoor air. Additionally, the antibiotic sensitivity of the isolated bacteria to four metal complexes was examined. Two offices were sampled in each of the fifteen faculties using the settling plate technique over a five-week period. The bacterial colonies were counted, expressed in cfu m-3, and purified for identification using molecular tools based on 16S rRNA. Four metal complexes (Co(suf)AMZ, Mn(suf)AMZ, Cu(suf)AMZ, and Ni(suf)AMZ) were tested for antibiotic sensitivity using the agar well diffusion method. The study found three Bacillus species and one Pseudomonas species among the isolated bacteria. Bacillus pumilus was consistently present in all offices throughout the entire sampling period. Pseudomonas sp. and Bacillus subtilis appeared in all offices sampled in the fifth week. The total bacterial count ranged from 215 cfu m-3 to 11,164 cfu m-3. Metal complexes Co(suf)AMZ and Ni(suf)AMZ did not inhibit Bacillus altitudinis, while Ni(suf)AMZ, Mn(suf)AMZ, and Cu(suf)AMZ inhibited the growth of Bacillus pumilus. The environmental conditions of the offices showed a maximum temperature of 36.0 oC, a minimum of 27.1 oC, a maximum relative humidity of 54±3.5 %, and a minimum of 30±0.7 %. The study recommends proper sanitation in offices to reduce the risk of opportunistic infections associated with the identified bacteria and enhancement of the complexes used.
How hard is Octopus maya embryo’s life?
Authors: Ramos-Rodriguez Sadot , Ortega Karen , Mendez-Can Luisa , Galindo-Sanchez Clara , Galindo-Torres Pavel , Ventura Claudia , Mascaró Maite , Caamal-Monsreal Claudia , Rodríguez Gabriela , Díaz Fernando , Rosas Carlos 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Embryos inherit ROS (reactive oxygen species) from females, suggesting they are produced in females due to the metabolic processes that occur in the ovary during the last part of the yolk synthesis and implying ROS production in females is a natural part of their reproductive processes. Embryos have a piece of genetic machinery to produce antioxidant/detoxification enzymes. ANTIOX enzymes help reduce ROS levels once organogenesis is completed and indicate the embryos are prepared to buffer and neutralize the ROS inherited from females. Thus, the present study provides some information on SOD (superoxide dismutase), CAT (catalase), and HIF1 (hypoxia-inducible factor 1) gene expressions during embryonic development. CAT gene expression is present from the first developmental stage, increases during organogenesis, and remains stable until hatching indicates that this gene is maintained throughout the embryonic development process. For SOD genes that SOD1 expression is present from the first development stage. Regarding the HIF1A gene, ROS induces its expression and is crucial for embryonic vascularization, suggesting that this gene expression may be elevated during the embryonic development activation stage when mitochondrial ROS production increases. ROS in O. maya eggs were controlled by embryos during the embryo growth phase. When measuring HMR, stimulated by the increase in temperature (30°C), the embryos maintain a metabolic rate very similar to their RMR measured at 24°C.
Selective monodeuteration enabled by bisphosphonium catalyzed ring opening processes
Authors: Zuo Zhiwei , Xu Yuanli , Chen Wenlong , Pu Ruihua , Ding Jia , An Qing , Yang Yi , Liu Weimin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The selective incorporation of a deuterium atom into small molecules with high selectivity is highly valuable for medical and chemical research. Unfortunately, this remains challenging due to the complete deuteration caused by commonly used hydrogen isotope exchange strategies. We report the development of a photocatalytic selective monodeuteration protocol utilizing C–C bond as the unconventional functional handle. The synergistic combination of radical-mediated C–C bond scission and deuterium atom transfer processes has enabled the effective constructions of benzylic CDH moieties with high selectivity for monodeuteration. The combinational use of a bisphosphonium photocatalyst, thiol catalyst, and CH3OD deuteration agent has provided operationally simple conditions for photocatalytic monodeuteration. Moreover, the photoinduced electron transfer process of the bisphosphonium photocatalyst has been elucidated through a series of spectroscopy experiments, identifying a peculiar back electron transfer process that can be regulated by subsequent nucleophilic additions.