bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coronavirus disease-2019
Authors: Khlem Riwanka , Kannappan Sujatha R. , Choudhury Papori Pathak 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND:
The human coronavirus was first identified in 1965, belongs to the same family of Viruses as SARS, MERS-Co. The current virus that affected worldwide came into existence in late 2019, recently found in Wuhan, China, and caused a global pandemic called coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). This disease became a quick global pandemic due to the rapid transmission of the virus from one human to another. In the history of humankind, people were inside the four walls for more than a month. The COVID-19 pandemic has posed significant problems in a variety of fields. The current pandemic created many changes that are seen as challenges worldwide. However, it created opportunities and benefits for many, extend a helping hand towards the people in need, in the society, community, and the nation. This paper focuses on challenges, opportunities, and benefits during the (COVID-19) pandemic in India.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Online search engines like PubMed and Google Scholar were used to conduct the research. The review article's dates were not restricted in any way. A total of 48 articles were chosen. The data was tabulated based on the kind of study and the outcomes. There are just a few papers available that demonstrate the necessity for more study.

RESULTS:
COVID-19 caused unforeseen changes in the health care industry, unequal distribution of health care, and consequences on mental health, according to the review studies. Teleconsultation, Internet use, and E-learning have all become more accessible. A period of transitory economic collapse and an increase in the number of migrants left many despondent. Improvement in family bonding, use of a face mask, and hygiene measures to adapt to the current scenario. There was also an impact on water sources, waste management systems, and environmental resource conservation.

CONCLUSION:
Difficult conditions can provide both problems and opportunities and advantages to the people during a pandemic outbreak.
Evaluating the role of residence affecting the mental health among elderly populations in Malaysia
Authors: Marzo Roy Rillera , Bhattacharya Sudip , Bin Mohamad Yunus Mohamad Zulfadhli , Bt Noraidiazhar Nurin Irdina , Bt Ssuna Salim Ain Mastura Nnakaliisa , A/P Subramanian Thevanai , Binti Samril Nurainun Mardhiah 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND:
According to the perception of majority of people, especially the elderly, it is believed that elderly people who are sent to old-age homes are more prone to have depression compared to those who are living with the community. This study was aimed to assess the significance of the place of residence in relation to the presence of depression among the elderly.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted between March and August 2020 to assess the depression among the elderly population residing in the Muar district, of Malaysia. A random table was generated of 250 house numbers in Muar where there is at least one geriatric person was living and a random sampling method was used for data collection. A questionnaire was distributed to a sample size of 250 old folks of Muar: those residing in old-age homes (n = 125) and those residing in their own houses (n = 125). A standard sociodemographic and geriatric depression scale interview was employed for data collection. All details were keyed into the SPSS version 22 software Standard Gradpack 23, and simple description and inferential statistics such as mean, median mode, percentages, and Chi-square tests were performed to compare the effects of different residences toward the mental health of the elderly.

RESULTS:
The total mean age of the elderly in both the places was 73.06 ± 9.116 years. Female respondents of this research accounted for 52.8%. In terms of religion, Islam had the highest number of respondents of 46.8%, followed by Buddhist (33.6%), Christian (10.8%), and Hindu (8.8%). The percentage of elderly having more than three children was 45.2%. The marital status and employment status of the elderly in Muar area are mostly widowed (40.8%) and retired (50%). They are predominately literate (81.6%) and most have a monthly income less than RM 2000 (90.8%). We found that the prevalence rate of depression was 70.4% in the elderly residing in old-age homes and 24.8% in the elderly living in the community. Females had a higher prevalence of depression than males (60.2% vs. 39.8%) among the elderly in old-age homes, whereas males had a higher prevalence in the community than females (51.6% vs. 48.4%). Logistic regression analysis revealed the place of residence (P < 0.01 and employment status (P = 0.011) as the predictors of depression.

CONCLUSION:
Results of this study revealed that the high prevalence rate of depression among the elderly is in old-age homes compared to elderly living in the community.
The level of satisfaction and quality of E-learning in medical universities of Iran during the epidemic of COVID-19
Authors: Iravani Mina , Nasab Maryam Beheshti , Bahmaei Hadis , Ghanbari Saeed , Mohaghegh Zaynab , Siahkal Shahla Faal 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND:E-learning is web-based learning for education and training. The current global pandemic crisis created due to COVID-19 has made worldwide online learning. This study aimed to investigate the level of satisfaction and quality of E-learning in medical universities from the students' point of view during the epidemic of COVID-19 and assessing the obstacles and solutions proposed to improve the quality of E-learning.MATERIALS AND METHODS:A cross-sectional, web-based study was conducted among 400 medical university students of Iran during the epidemic of COVID-19. After getting written consent, three parts questionnaire contains demographic, user satisfaction, quality questionnaire, and three open-ended questions were distributed randomly using social media. Descriptive analysis,t-test, Chi-square, and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to achieve the objective of this study, with significance set toP< 0.05. Furthermore, three open-ended questions were reviewed qualitatively and the problems and solutions suggested by the students were reported.RESULTS:Based on the findings of the descriptive section, 277 of the respondents were girls (69%) with a mean age of 21 ± 2 years. Sixty-nine percent of students were studying in medical sciences universities and 31% were studying in Islamic Azad University. The level of satisfaction was in the upper range of low (34.0 ± 10.0);P< 0.001, and intention to reuse was moderate (23.06 ± 6.0);P= 0.064. Student's perception of quality in most domains was in the upper range of low to medium. User satisfaction, intention to reuse, the quality of knowledge, and participatory quality for evaluating online courses were significantly higher in the Azad University group than in medical universities.CONCLUSION:Given that this is the first experience in the use of E-learning in Iran, both universities have not yet fully succeeded in satisfying students and it is necessary to increase the quality of E-learning based on student suggestions.
The relationship between sexual function and emotional intelligence and its components based on fertility status in women referring to health centers in Yazd
Authors: Bokaie Mahshid , Ahmadi Zohre , Reisi Marzie , Asadi Leila 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND:
Sexual function is affected by many psychological factors and emotions. The impact of emotion management varies in different fertility situationsThis can affect women's sexual function. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between sexual function and emotional intelligence and its components based on fertility status in women referring to health centers in Yazd.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The present study is a correlational study that was performed on 165 women with inclusion criteria and referred to 4 selected health centers in Yazd in 2017. The study tools include demographic questionnaire, Female Sexual Function Index sexual function, and Bar-On emotional intelligence. The fertility status of women in the present study included a history of infertility, number of children, and history of abortion. The analysis was performed using descriptive statistical methods and analytical tests with SPSS software version 18.

RESULTS:
The mean score of all components of emotional intelligence except the components of self-expression, independence, and emotional self-awareness and also the total score of emotional intelligence infertile people was significantly higher than infertile people (P < 0.05). Regarding the relationship between emotional intelligence and sexual function in terms of fertility variables, a significant correlation was observed between the mean scores of all components of emotional intelligence except interpersonal relationships, flexibility, responsibility, empathy, and self-expression with sexual performance score in fertile individuals.(P = 0.000).

Conclusion:
As a result, it is suggested that the institutions in charge of women's affairs try to increase emotional intelligence and improve women's sexual function by holding workshops and classes for women, especially in women with infertility, childlessness, and history of abortion.
Testing adaptation and psychometric properties of survey instrument for students' perspectives on e-professionalism and social media in Iranian students
Authors: Mosalanejad Leili , Abdollahifard Saeed 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND:
The use of social networks in the field of education has also accelerated and has become a powerful source of learning for transformation and empowerment in various fields. This study aimed to test the adaptation and psychometric properties of an instrument for students' prospective on e-professionalism in the use of social media in Iranian medical science students.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
In this questionnaire, with the aim of psychometric properties of the perception toward social media in Iranian students, this survey instrument developed by (Ness et al.) in five fields in 2nd-year pharmacology students in Purdue University The fields include accountability, hiring decisions, profile editing, professionalism, and privacy settings. In this study, first, a cultural adaptation was done by an expert panel. Then, psychometric properties of an instrument by content validity and construct validity using explanatory factor analysis were performed. Reliability was assessed by test–retest and internal consistency of items. The reliability of the survey instrument with three factors was 0.82 using the test–retest, and the internal consistency was good (r = 0.94).

RESULTS:
The result of psychometric properties using the principal component method extracted three factors (accountability, hiring decision, and professionalism) to assessment of students' attitude to professionalism using social media in Iranian students.

CONCLUSION:
The adapted and psychometric properties of the instrument developed by Ness et al., 2013, with three dimensions and ten items proved to be a valid, reliable instrument for use for assessing perspectives on e-professionalism and social media in Iranian medical students. This questioner may be suitable for Iranian researches in medical education.
Investigation of the effect of mindfulness on sexual desire and sexual satisfaction in primigravida pregnant women
Authors: Saniei Shamim , Fahami Fariba , Samouei Rahele , Tehrani Hatav Ghasemi 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND:
Pregnancy causes a set of complex physiological and psychological changes that affect marital relationships. Mindfulness is a form of meditation that can promote person's performance and perception of sexual relationships. The present study aimed to determine the effect of mindfulness on sexual desire and sexual satisfaction in primigravida pregnant women.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The present study is a quasi-experimental that has investigated on 72 primigravida pregnant women. The samples were selected randomly and assigned to experimental and control groups. The experimental group received six 90-min sessions of mindfulness intervention, and the control group received the educational pamphlet. The female sexual function index (FSFI) was filled by the subjects of the two groups in three stages of before the intervention, a week, and a month after the intervention. Data analysis was done by SPSS20 (Statistics 20 software; SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) at the significance level of 0.05.

RESULTS:
According to the statistical tests, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of demographic characteristics and pregnancy information. The findings suggest no significant difference between the mean pretest and posttest score of sexual desire in the two groups (P > 0.05). However, the two groups were significantly different in terms of the mean score of sexual satisfaction before and after the intervention (P<0.05).

CONCLUSION:
By increasing the concentration on the present moment and avoiding judgment, mindfulness can increase sexual satisfaction. However, sexual desire can be affected by various factors such as the cultural context, the quality of marital relationships, and the pregnancy hormonal changes that can influence the sexual response.
Medical students and doctors’ perceptions toward COVID-19 health communication on social media
Authors: Citra Resiana , Syakurah Rizma Adlia 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND:
Ineffective health communication could cause the increase of COVID-19 cases in Indonesia. Medical students can involve in efforts in health communication on social media to positively impact prevention behaviors during a pandemic. This study aims to identify and analyze medical students’ and internship doctors’ perceptions toward health communication related to COVID-19 through social media.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A mixed method with exploratory sequential used. A qualitative study was done using phenomenology approach through deep and semi-structured interviewing. After data analysis, the draft of the instrument prepared. Items in the draft selected based on the respondents’ answer. Then, a quantitative cross-sectional study was used. The data obtained from 399 medical students and doctors at a University in Indonesia using Google Form on October 14 to October 20, 2020 through media social. Data were analyzed using Pearson Correlation and Chi-square (alternative: Fisher's exact test) and logistic regression analysis with P < 0.05 and 95% confidence interval, respectively.

RESULTS:
Based on interview, respondents communicate health on social media because the condition of COVID-19 in Indonesia is dangerous, feel vulnerable to COVID-19, understand the benefits, obligations, or responsibilities as a candidate and/or medical personnel and believe they can create content/find valid sources. Meanwhile, the perception of limited knowledge is their biggest obstacle in conducting health communication. There were a relationship between gender (P = 0.028, PR = 0.657), perceived severity (P = 0.044, PR (Prevalence Ratio) =4.844 [0.725–32,354]), perceived susceptibility (P = 0.005, PR = 1.803 [1.182–2.750]), perceived barrier (P < 0.001, PR = 2.543 [1.908–3.388]), and self-efficacy (P = 0.012, PR = 1.810 [1.120–2.926]) with health communication behavior. The perceived barrier (P < 0.001, RR = 4.278 [2.709–6.754]) and perceived susceptibility (P = 0.004, PR = 2.304 [1.302–4.077]) were the most influenced behavior.

CONCLUSIONS:
This study showed that perceived severity, perceived susceptibility, perceived barrier, and self-efficacy are predictor factors of health communication behavior related to COVID-19 on social media with perceptions of susceptibility and perceived barriers as the most influential variables. It is necessary to provide communication learning on social media as effectively and applied directly to reduce perceived barriers and increase self-efficacy.
Lifestyle factors influencing medical and nursing student's health status at the rural health-care institute
Authors: Shekhar Ravi , Prasad Nidhi , Singh Tulika 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND:
Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) may be influenced by lifestyle behavior, acquired during transition in student life at university. Health is a major concern globally. The developing counties are facing a double burden of disease, both communicable and NCD. This study is aimed to assess the lifestyle and its associated factors that can affect the health status of medical and nursing students.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among medical and nursing students of Sasaram, Bihar, by universal sampling. The study population consisted of 303 medical and 233 nursing students. The 536 students in the study, included 195 from rural areas and 341 from urban areas. Simple Lifestyle Indicator Questionnaire was used and Chi-square statistics was computed to determine the association of demographic variables with lifestyle behavior using Epi InfoTM 7 analysis software.

RESULTS:
Mean age and body mass index were 21 ± 2.59 years and 22.12 ± 3.77, respectively. After statistical analysis utilizing the Chi-square test, it was shown that the difference was found to be nonsignificant (P > 0.05) in all the following variables, such as gender, age, marital status except in designation, and alcohol and tobacco intake which showed the difference to be highly significant.

CONCLUSIONS:
The maximum number of students in the study population showed intermediate healthy lifestyle (57.1%), despite being the upcoming health-care providers of future. Fruits were rarely present in diet in 82%, no physical activity in 21.2%, and tobacco and alcohol were consumed by 11.7% and 13%, respectively. Targeted intervention for healthy diet, physical activity, stress, tobacco, and alcohol reduction can lead to healthy lifestyle. Independence and autonomy gained in the transition phase in student life needs guided supervision to raise responsible adults. It may help to assist or to plan accordingly in future to improve lifestyle of the students.
Association between family behaviors and self-care activities among type-II diabetes mellitus patients at a teaching hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal
Authors: Kandel Shashi , Assanangkornchai Sawitri , Wichaidit Wit 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND:
Self-care activities are associated with prognosis of type-II diabetes mellitus patients and include medication adherence, dietary adherence, physical activity, self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG), and appropriate foot care. The behaviors of a patient's family members can influence the patient's self-care activities, but little data exist on this association. The objective of this study was to assess the extent of the association between behaviors of family members of Type-II diabetes patients and the patients' self-care activities.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
We conducted a cross-sectional study at a teaching hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal, and interviewed 411 outpatients with Type-2 diabetes mellitus. We used exploratory factor analysis to group family members' behaviors into 3 domains (”authoritarian,” “supportive,” and “planning” behaviors) and graded the level of the behavior into 3 categories (”high” vs. “medium” vs. “low”) according to its ranking distribution in each domain. We assessed the association between domains of family behavior and self-care activities using multivariate logistic regression with Bonferroni correction.

RESULTS:
High (vs. low) level of supportive behavior was associated with compliance to SMBG (58% vs. 11%; adjusted odds ratio [OR] =7.44; 95% confidence interval [CI] =2.41, 23.01). High (vs. low) level of planning behavior was associated with high level of foot care adherence (64% vs. 21%; adjusted OR = 6.03; 95% CI = 3.01, 12.11).

CONCLUSIONS:
We found associations between behaviors of diabetes patients' family members and the patients' own self-care behaviors. However, the incongruence between the family behavior measurement questions and the self-care of interest limited the implications of the findings.
Effect of progressive muscle relaxation technique on self-esteem and self-efficacy in multiple sclerosis patients
Authors: Akbari Ali , Shamsaei Farshid , Sadeghian Efat , Mazdeh Mehrdokht , Tapak Leili 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND:
Low self-esteem and inefficiency are major problems in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. A progressive muscle relaxation technique is one of the complementary therapies. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of progressive muscle relaxation techniques on self-esteem and self-efficacy in MS patients.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This clinical trial was conducted on 100 MS patients were randomly divided into two groups of experimental (n = 50) and control (n = 50). The experimental group received progressive muscle relaxation techniques in eight 60-min sessions twice a week for 4 weeks. Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale and Self-Efficacy Scales of MS patients were completed before, immediately, and 4 weeks after the intervention. Data were analyzed using the SPSS software version 16.

RESULTS:
The mean score of self-esteem was not significantly different between the control (26.02 ± 5.83) and experimental (26.40 ± 6.06) groups before intervention (P = 0.247). The mean score of self-esteem in the control group (27.16 ± 7.45) and the experimental group (29.06 ± 6.61) immediately after the intervention (P = 0.083) was not significantly different. 4 weeks after the intervention, the mean scores of self-esteem in the control (26.96 ± 8.33) and the experimental (29.98 ± 7.02) groups were significantly different (P = 0.012). The mean score of self-efficacy was significantly different between the control (41.62 ± 4.46) and experimental (39.32 ± 4.31) groups before intervention (P = 0.010). The mean scores of self-efficacy in the control group (38.38 ± 5.07) and the experimental group (44 ± 4.46) immediately after the intervention (P < 0.001) and 4 weeks after intervention showed a significant difference between the control group (38.04 ± 5.46) and the experimental (46.40 ± 5.04) groups (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSION:
Due to the effect of progressive muscle relaxation on self-esteem and self-efficacy of MS patients, its safety and simplicity, this technique can be used as a complementary therapy to enhance the level of self-esteem and self-efficacy of MS patients.