bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polyploid goldback and silverback ferns (Pentagramma) occupy a wider, colder, and wetter bioclimatic niche than diploid counterparts
Authors: Wefferling Keir M. , Castro Mariana , Castro Sílvia , Holmlund Helen , Loureiro João , Rothfels Carl J. , Schuettpelz Eric 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPremiseThe western North American fern genus Pentagramma (Pteridaceae) is characterized by complex patterns of ploidy variation, an understanding of which is critical to comprehending both the evolutionary processes within the genus and its current diversity.MethodsWe undertook a cytogeographic study across the range of the genus, using a combination of chromosome counts and flow cytometry to infer ploidy level. Bioclimatic variables and elevation were used to compare niches.ResultsWe found that diploids and tetraploids are common and widespread, and triploids are rare and sporadic; in contrast with genome size inferences in earlier studies, no hexaploids were found. Diploids and tetraploids show different geographic ranges: only tetraploids were found in the northernmost portion of the range (Washington, Oregon, and British Columbia) and only diploids were found in the Sierra Nevada of California. Diploid, triploid, and tetraploid cytotypes were found to co‐occur in relatively few localities: in the southern (San Diego County, California) and desert Southwest (Arizona) parts of the range, and along the Pacific Coast of California.ConclusionsTetraploids occupy a wider bioclimatic niche than diploids both within P. triangularis and at the genus‐wide scale. It is unknown whether the wider niche of tetraploids is due to their expansion upon the diploid niche, if diploids have contracted their niche due to competition or changing abiotic conditions, or if this wider niche occupancy is due to multiple origins of tetraploids.
Effect of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation on sickle cell disease‐related organ complications: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Dovern Elisabeth , Aydin Mesire , DeBaun Michael R. , Alizade Komeil , Biemond Bart J. , Nur Erfan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSickle cell disease (SCD)‐related organ complications are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with SCD. We sought to assess whether hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) stabilizes, attenuates, or exacerbates organ decline. We performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis of trials investigating organ function before and after HSCT in patients with SCD. We searched MEDLINE/PubMed and EMBASE up to September 21, 2023. Continuous data were expressed as standardized mean difference (SMD) and pooled in a weighted inverse‐variance random‐effects model; binomial data were expressed as risk ratio (RR) using the Mantel–Haenszel random‐effects meta‐analyses. Of 823 screened studies, 34 were included in this review. Of these, 17 (774 patients, 23.6% adults, 86.3% HLA‐identical sibling donor, 56.7% myeloablative conditioning regimen) were included in the meta‐analyses. Pulmonary function remained stable. Mean tricuspid regurgitant jet velocity decreased but did not reach statistical significance. In children, estimated glomerular filtration rate decreased (SMD −0.80, p = .01), and the presence of proteinuria increased (RR 2.00, p = <.01), while splenic uptake and phagocytic function improved (RR 0.31, p = <.01; RR 0.23, p = <.01). Cerebral blood flow improved (SMD −1.39, p = <.01), and a low incidence of stroke after transplantation in high‐risk patients was found. Retinopathy and avascular osteonecrosis were investigated in only one study, showing no significant changes. While HSCT can improve some SCD‐related organ dysfunctions, transplantation‐related toxicity may have an adverse effect on others. Future research should focus on identifying individuals with SCD who might benefit most from HSCT and which forms of organ damage are more likely to exacerbate post‐transplantation.
In‐Situ Cross‐linked F‐ and P‐Containing Solid Polymer Electrolyte for Long‐Cycling and High‐Safety Lithium Metal Batteries with Various Cathode Materials
Authors: Xu Nuo , Zhao Yang , Ni Minghan , Zhu Jie , Song Xingchen , Bi Xingqi , Zhang Jinping , Zhang Hongtao , Ma Yanfeng , Li Chenxi , Chen Yongsheng 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe practical application of lithium metal batteries (LMBs) has been hindered by limited cycle‐life and safety concerns. To solve these problems, we develop a novel fluorinated phosphate cross‐linker for gel polymer electrolyte in high‐voltage LMBs, achieving superior electrochemical performance and high safety simultaneously. The fluorinated phosphate cross‐linked gel polymer electrolyte (FP‐GPE) by in‐situ polymerization method not only demonstrates high oxidation stability but also exhibits excellent compatibility with lithium metal anode. LMBs utilizing FP‐GPE realize stable cycling even at a high cut‐off voltage of 4.6 V (vs Li/Li+) with various high‐voltage cathode materials. The LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2|FP‐GPE|Li battery exhibits an ultralong cycle‐life of 1200 cycles with an impressive capacity retention of 80.1 %. Furthermore, the FP‐GPE‐based batteries display excellent electrochemical performance even at practical conditions, such as high cathode mass loading (20.84 mg cm−2), ultrathin Li (20 μm), and a wide temperature range of −25 to 80 °C. Moreover, the first reported solid‐state 18650 cylindrical LMBs have been successfully fabricated and demonstrate exceptional safety under mechanical abuse. Additionally, the industry‐level 18650 cylindrical LiMn2O4|FP‐GPE|Li4Ti5O12 cells demonstrate a remarkable cycle‐life of 1400 cycles. Therefore, the impressive electrochemical performance and high safety in practical batteries demonstrate a substantial potential of well‐designed FP‐GPE for large‐scale industrial applications.
Surface coatings of contact lenses for cell sheet transplantation
Authors: Dereli Can Gamze , Tunca Atay Merve , Egil Abdurrahim Can , Güney Eda , Shemshad Sepideh , Taner Gokce , Asa Sibel Cinar , Ari Ferda , Ozaydin Ince Gozde 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe field of corneal cell sheet engineering has evolved rapidly in the last decade; however, challenges related to transplantation into target tissue still exist, necessitating a new approach to integrate cell sheet technology onto a contact lens surface. In this study, a novel surface‐modified contact lens was developed for corneal regenerative medicine to ensure the easy and safe integration of cell sheets into the target tissue. The lens surface was coated with a thermo‐responsive polymer using the initiated chemical vapor deposition technique, facilitating the separation of tissue‐integrated cell sheets from the coated lens surface by simply lowering the temperature. BEAS‐2B and L929 cells, along with human limbal epithelial cells, were cultured on a crosslinked poly(2‐(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate)‐coated lens, providing temperature sensitivity for 14 days. At the end of the incubation period, the cultured cells were harvested as intact monolayer cell sheets through a simple temperature reduction, without enzymatic treatment or additional surgical procedures. Rapid and complete delamination of the cells planted and incubated on the coated lens surface was achieved at room temperature. Therapeutic contact lenses modified with cell sheet technology allowed targeted delivery of cells to the affected area of the cornea.
Effect of chain extension on processability and mechanical properties of poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐4‐hydroxybutyrate)
Authors: Yang Zhitao , Li Cheng , Liu Yong , Zhang Zhen , Cao Xianwu 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPoly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐4‐hydroxybutyrate) (P34HB) copolyester is a new type of biodegradable polymer material, but it cannot meet the market requirements because of its poor thermal stability. In this work, P34HB with a low degree of cross‐linking was successfully prepared by incorporating a small amount of a multiple epoxy chain extender, known as Joncryl ADR‐4380 (styrene‐methacrylic acid glycidyl ester copolymer), through reactive extrusion. The rheological properties, thermal stability, thermal behavior, and mechanical properties of the materials were investigated. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and gel content test showed that there was a significant chemical interaction between P34HB and ADR4380, and a cross‐linked structure was produced. Compared with pure P34HB, the samples after chain extension showed improved rheological properties, with increased viscosity and melt elasticity due to the formation of a gel network. Thermogravimetric analysis, dynamic time scanning experiment, and melt flow index (MFI) provided strong evidence for the enhanced of thermal stability of P34HB. The onset decomposition temperature of P34HB increased by 13.5°C, and its MFI decreased from 23.30 to around 5 at 170°C, and the complex viscosity remained relatively stable with time after modification. In terms of mechanical properties, the maximum elongation at break increased by 88.08% due to the improvement of toughness.
Preface: Workshop on matter, astrophysics, gravitation, ions and cosmology—MAGIC23
Authors: Zen Vasconcellos César A. , Hadjimichef Dimiter , Machado Magno , Bodmann Benno , Netz‐Marzola Marcelo , Naysinger Geovane , Vargas Magaña Mariana , Hess Peter O. , Stöcker Horst , Gullberg Steven , Ruffini Remo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe outline our experience in organizing the first edition of the Workshop on Matter, Astrophysics, Gravitation, Ions and Cosmology, held in virtual and in‐person format, denominated MAGIC23, held from 6 to 10 March, 2023, in Praia do Rosa, Santa Catarina, Brazil. The event aimed to bring together leading academic scientists, professors, students, and research scholars for exchanging experiences and discuss the most recent innovations, trends, practical challenges, and experimental and theoretical solutions adopted in the investigation fields within the scope of the meeting. The workshop offered to the participants a platform for scientific and academic projects, partnerships, and presentation of high‐quality research contributions describing original and unpublished results on topics related to matter, astrophysics, gravitation, ions, and cosmology.
Vaccine adjuvants for infectious disease in the clinic
Authors: Goetz Morgan , Thotathil Naaz , Zhao Zongmin , Mitragotri Samir 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAdjuvants, materials added to vaccines to enhance the resulting immune response, are important components of vaccination that are many times overlooked. While vaccines always include an antigen to tell the body what to vaccinate to, of equal importance the adjuvant provides the how, a significant factor in producing a complete response. The adjuvant space has been slow to develop with the first use of an adjuvant in a licensed vaccine occurring in the 1930s, and remaining the only adjuvant in licensed vaccines for the next 80 years. However, with vaccination at the forefront of protection against new and complex pathogens, it is important to consider all components when designing an effective vaccine. Here we summarize the adjuvant space in licensed vaccines as well as the novel adjuvant space in clinical trials with a specific focus on the materials utilized and their resulting impact on the immune response. We discuss five major categories of adjuvant materials: aluminum salts, nanoparticles, viral vectors, TLR agonists, and emulsions. For each category, we delve into the current clinical trials space, the impact of these materials on vaccination, as well as some of the ways in which they could be improved. Adjuvants present an exciting opportunity to improve vaccine responses and stability, this review will help inform about the current progress of this space.Translational impact statementIn the aftermath of the COVID‐19 pandemic, vaccines for infectious diseases have come into the spotlight. While antigens have always been an important focus of vaccine design, the adjuvant is a significant tool for enhancing the immune response to the vaccine that has been largely underdeveloped. This article provides a broad review of the history of adjuvants and, the current vaccine adjuvant space, and the progress seen in adjuvants in clinical trials. There is specific emphasis on the material landscape for adjuvants and their resulting mechanism of action. Looking ahead, while the novel vaccine adjuvant space features exciting new technologies and materials, there is still a need for more to meet the protective needs of new and complex pathogens.
Nucleic acid‐based vaccine for ovarian cancer cells; bench to bedside
Authors: Al‐Hawary Sulieman Ibraheem Shelash , Jasim Saade Abdalkareem , Hjazi Ahmed , Oghenemaro Enwa Felix , Kaur Irwanjot , Kumar Abhinav , Al‐Ani Ahmed Muzahem , Alwaily Enas R. , Redhee Ahmed Huseen , Mustafa Yasser Fakri 
Published: March 2024

AbstractOvarian cancer continues to be a difficult medical issue that affects millions of individuals worldwide. Important platforms for cancer immunotherapy include checkpoint inhibitors, chimeric antigen receptor T cells, bispecific antibodies, cancer vaccines, and other cell‐based treatments. To avoid numerous infectious illnesses, conventional vaccinations based on synthetic peptides, recombinant subunit vaccines, and live attenuated and inactivated pathogens are frequently utilized. Vaccine manufacturing processes, however, are not entirely safe and carry a significant danger of contaminating living microorganisms. As a result, the creation of substitute vaccinations is required for both viral and noninfectious illnesses, including cancer. Recently, there has been testing of nucleic acid vaccines, or NAVs, as a cancer therapeutic. Tumor antigens (TAs) are genetically encoded by DNA and mRNA vaccines, which the host uses to trigger immune responses against ovarian cancer cells that exhibit the TAs. Despite being straightforward, safe, and easy to produce, NAVs are not currently thought to be an ideal replacement for peptide vaccines. Some obstacles to this strategy include selecting the appropriate therapeutic agents (TAs), inadequate immunogenicity, and the immunosuppressive characteristic of ovarian cancer. We focus on strategies that have been employed to increase NAVs' effectiveness in the fight against ovarian cancer in this review.
Flowmicro in‐Line Analysis‐Driven Design of Reactions Mediated by Unstable Intermediates: Flash Monitoring Approach
Authors: Ashikari Yosuke , Yoshioka Rikako , Yonekura Yuya , Yoo Dong‐eun , Okamoto Kazuhiro , Nagaki Aiichiro 
Published: March 2024

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the group of Aiichiro Nagaki, Yosuke Ashikari and co‐workers at Hokkaido University. The image depicts flash monitoring of reactive intermediate in a flow microreactor. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.202303774.
Role of long non‐coding RNAs in cholangiocarcinoma: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Shobeiri Parnian , Arabzadeh Bahri Razman , Khadembashiri Mohamad Mehdi , Khadembashiri Mohamad Amin , Maleki Saba , Eslami Mohammad , Khalili Dehkordi Marzie , Behnoush Amir Hossein , Rezaei Nima 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundCholangiocarcinoma (CCA), as a rare malignancy of the biliary tree, has a poor prognosis most of the time. CCA is highly epigenetically regulated and several long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNA) have been investigated to have a diagnostic and prognostic role in CCA. The current study aimed to assess the studies finding relevant lncRNAs in CCA systematically.MethodsInternational databases, including PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase, were comprehensively searched in order to identify studies investigating any lncRNA in CCA. After screening by title/abstract and full‐text, necessary data were extracted. Random‐effect meta‐analysis was performed for pooling the areas under the curve (AUCs), specificity, and sensitivity of lncRNAs for the diagnosis of CCA.ResultsA total of 33 studies were chosen to be included in the final analysis, comprised of 2677 patients. Meta‐analysis of AUCs for evaluation of CCA resulted in pooled AUC of 0.79 (95% CI: 0.75–0.82; I2 = 69.11, p < .01). Additionally, overall sensitivity of 0.80 (95% CI 0.75–0.84) and specificity of 0.77 (95% CI: 0.68–0.84) were observed. Measurement of lncRANs in the assessment of CCA also improved overall survival significantly (effect size 1.61, 95% CI: 1.39–1.82). A similar result was found for progression‐free survival (effect size 1.57, 95% CI: 1.20–1.93).ConclusionBased on our findings, lncRNAs showed promising results as biomarkers in the diagnosis of CCA since they had acceptable sensitivity and specificity, in addition to the fact that improved survival in this poor prognosis cancer. Further studies might be needed to address this issue and find the best clinically useful lncRNA.
The Legacy of Lead in City Soils
Authors: Joosse Tess 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThough lead was phased out of gasoline, paint, and other products decades ago, this toxic heavy metal still lingers as contamination today. City soils, from parks to community gardens to playgrounds, are notable hotspots. Here, featuring research presented at the ASA, CSSA, and SSSA Annual Meeting and published in Urban Agriculture & Regional Food Systems, we look at several facets of the issue.
Aerobic Oxidative Carboxylation of Styrene Over Cobalt Catalysts: Integrated CO2 Capture and Conversion
Authors: Chen Junjun , Liu Xiaofang , Zhang Peipei , Zhang Shunan , Zhou Haozhi , Li Lin , Luo Hu , Wang Hui , Sun Yuhan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe direct synthesis of cyclic carbonates through oxidative carboxylation of alkenes using CO2 and O2 offers a sustainable and carbon‐neutral method for CO2 utilization, which is, however, still a largely unexplored field. Here we develop a single‐atom catalyst (SAC) Co−N/O−C as the earth‐abundant metal catalyst for the oxidative carboxylation of styrene with CO2 and O2. Remarkably, even using the flue gas as an impure CO2 and O2 source, desired cyclic carbonate could be obtained with moderate productivity, which shows the potential for integrated CO2 capture and conversion, leveraging the high CO2 adsorption capacity of Co−N/O−C. In addition, the catalyst can be reused five times without an obvious decline in activity. Detailed characterizations and theoretical calculations elucidate the crucial role of single Co atoms in activating O2 and CO2, as well as controlling selectivity.
Design of unbalanced 9:2 ternary encoder and 2:9 ternary decoder circuits in resistive random access memory and carbon nanotube field effect transistor technology
Authors: Khurshid Tabassum , Singh Vikram 
Published: March 2024

SummaryMultivalued logic (MVL) offers higher information density as compared with binary logic systems for an equal number of digits. In a ternary microprocessor, memory access is the most time‐ and power‐consuming action. In order to design a ternary computer, the possibilities for designing ternary encoders and decoders must be examined. This paper presents the designs of 9:2 unbalanced ternary encoder (TENC) and 2:9 unbalanced ternary line address decoder (TDEC) based on novel designs of standard ternary inverter (STI), ternary NAND (TNAND), and ternary NOR (TNOR) logic gates using resistive random‐access memory (RRAM) and carbon nanotube field effect transistor (CNTFET) technology. The simulation results indicate an improvement in performance parameters such as power consumption, delay, power–delay product (PDP), and component count of the proposed circuits in comparison with the different existing counterparts. Moreover, a detailed analysis is carried out on the impact of different process, voltage, and temperature (PVT) variations on the performance metrics, including propagation delay, power consumption, and PDP of the 9:2 unbalanced ternary encoder and 2:9 unbalanced ternary line address decoder. The proposed ternary encoder circuit shows an improvement of 62% in delay, 71% in power consumption, 88.6% improvement in PDP, and 53% reduction in CNTFET count, whereas the ternary decoder circuit exhibits an improvement of 6.6% and 94% in delay and 43% and 94% improvement in power consumption, respectively. Moreover, the CNTFET count is reduced by 16.07% and 46%.
Influence of sphingolipid enzymes on blood glucose levels, development of diabetes, and involvement of pericytes
Authors: Buschard Karsten , Josefsen Knud , Krogvold Lars , Gerling Ivan , Dahl‐Jørgensen Knut , Pociot Flemming 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimsSulfatide is a chaperone for insulin manufacturing in beta cells. Here we explore whether the blood glucose values normally could be associated with this sphingolipid and especially two of its building enzymes CERS2 and CERS6. Both T1D and T2D have low blood sulfatide levels, and insulin resistance on beta cells at clinical diagnosis. Furthermore, we examined islet pericytes for sulfatide, and beta‐cell receptors for GLP‐1, both of which are related to the insulin production.Materials and MethodsWe examined mRNA levels in islets from the DiViD and nPOD studies, performed genetic association analyses, and histologically investigated pericytes in the islets for sulfatide.ResultsPolymorphisms of the gene encoding the CERS6 enzyme responsible for synthesising dihydroceramide, a precursor to sulfatide, are associated with random blood glucose values in non‐diabetic persons. This fits well with our finding of sulfatide in pericytes in the islets, which regulates the capillary blood flow in the islets of Langerhans, which is important for oxygen supply to insulin production. In the islets of newly diagnosed T1D patients, we observed low levels of GLP‐1 receptors; this may explain the insulin resistance in their beta cells and their low insulin production. In T2D patients, we identified associated polymorphisms in both CERS2 and CERS6.ConclusionsHere, we describe several polymorphisms in sulfatide enzymes related to blood glucose levels and HbA1c in non‐diabetic individuals. Islet pericytes from such persons contain sulfatide. Furthermore, low insulin secretion in newly diagnosed T1D may be explained by beta‐cell insulin resistance due to low levels of GLP‐1 receptors.
Interaction effects of MTHFR C677T and A1298C polymorphisms with maternal glycated haemoglobin levels on adverse birth outcomes
Authors: Wu Weixiang , Luo Dan , Ji Cunwei , Diao Fuqiang , Wu Lihong , Ruan Xiaolin , Gu Chunming , Luo Mingyong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimsThe role of maternal genetic factors in the association between high glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and adverse birth outcomes remains unclear.Materials and MethodsIn this study, the maternal HbA1c levels of 5108 normoglycemic pregnant women in China were measured, and A1298C and C677T polymorphisms in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene were genotyped.ResultsElevated HbA1c levels during the second trimester were associated with increased risks of macrosomia, large‐for‐gestational age (LGA), preterm birth (PTB), and reduced gestational age (p < 0.05). Pregnant women with MTHFR A1298C AA or C677T CT + TT genotypes were susceptible to adverse pregnancy outcomes related to HbA1c levels. Among pregnant women with the A1298C AA genotype, each standard deviation (SD) increase in HbA1c levels increased the risk of PTB by 1.32‐times and reduced the gestational age by 0.11 weeks (p < 0.05). For MTHFR C677T CC + TT genotype carriers, higher HbA1c levels were associated with 1.49‐, 1.24‐, and 1.23‐times increased risks of macrosomia, LGA, and PTB, respectively (p < 0.05). A U‐shaped curve for PTB risk in relation to HbA1c levels was observed among the C677T CC + TT participants, with a cut‐off value of 4.58%. Among subjects with the A1298C AA genotype combined with the C677T CT + TT genotype, each SD increase in HbA1c levels was associated with 1.40 and 1.37‐times increased risks of LGA and PTB, respectively.ConclusionsOur findings highlight the importance of glycaemic control during pregnancy and the potential impact of genetic factors on birth outcomes. However, further large‐scale studies are required to confirm these findings.