bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Why diversity is being forced into the boardroom
Authors: Tickner Alison 
Published: September 2006

PurposeThis article examines why diversity is becoming more important within organisations and introduces a tool designed to help executives to understand their organisations' demographics.Design/methodology/approachThe article presents the views of the director of diversity at Academee.FindingsDescribes an online diagnostic tool that brings together data across small and large organisations to identify workforce demographics, employee perceptions and realities, understanding and, most importantly, to highlight “hot‐spot” areas that may need immediate attention.Practical implicationsHelps organisations to identify areas of good practice, so that this can be replicated elsewhere in the organisation.Originality/valueDescribes how the tool generates reports that instantly create a diversity and inclusion action plan for the organisation.
Strategy implementation: we got the people factor wrong!
Authors: Speculand Robin 
Published: September 2006

PurposeChallenges the notion that people resist change and puts forward a strategy for getting the majority of people in an organisation to support a change initiative.Design/methodology/approachIdentifies four main groups within organisations – saboteurs, groupies, double agents and mavericks – and puts forward opinions on how best to lead each group.FindingsArgues that mavericks need to be supported and rewarded for their contributions, groupies must be driven and encouraged, double agents have to be persuaded and convinced and saboteurs must be handled carefully and effectively and must not be allowed to become the focal point of leadership efforts.Practical implicationsReveals that, with the right management styles, most people will support or go along with organisational changes.Originality/valueContends that leaders must lead from the front when dealing with saboteurs, lead from the middle with groupies, and lead from behind with mavericks. Double agents can be convinced only through actions.
Information systems managers' view about outsourcing in Spain
Authors: Gonzalez Reyes , Gasco Jose , Llopis Juan 
Published: September 2006

PurposeOutsourcing has been growing unstoppably all over the world in recent years. It is Information Systems (IS) managers that are having to face this phenomenon most directly in their departments. For this reason, the paper has as its aim to show IS managers' assessment of outsourcing in the Spanish case.Design/methodology/approachWith this purpose, the normative Delphi method with two rounds, showing the results obtained in the second round, is used. The IS managers of the largest Spanish firms were the experts interviewed in the study.FindingsThe experts interviewed suggest a widespread growth of IS outsourcing but describe a somewhat hostile environment around this phenomenon. This could be the reason why IS outsourcing has not developed in Spanish firms as much as those experts think is possible and even necessary.Originality/valueThis paper offers the IS managers' view about outsourcing and shows that they look at it as a way to improve their information services. The Delphi method, that has been often used in the IS field, helped us to confirm, in the second round, the conclusions that we had reached in the first round.
Inter‐organisational intrusion detection using knowledge grid technology
Authors: Pilgermann Michael , Blyth Andrew , Vidalis Stilianos 
Published: September 2006

PurposeThis paper introduces a solution for employing intrusion detection technology across organisational boundaries by using knowledge grid technology.Design/methodology/approachEmployment of intrusion detection technology is currently limited to inside organisation deployments. By setting up communities, which maintain trust relationships between network nodes anywhere in the internet, security event data, structured into a common XML‐based format, can be exchanged in a secure and reliable manner.FindingsA modular architecture has been developed which provides functionality to integrate different audit data generating applications and share knowledge about incidents, vulnerabilities and countermeasures from all over the internet. A security policy, based on the Chinese Wall Security Policy, ensures the protection of information inserted into the network.Research limitations/implicationsThe solution is currently in a preliminary stage, providing the description of the design only. Implementation as well as evaluation is under development.Practical implicationsTrusting communities everywhere in the internet will be brought into being so that people may establish trust relationships between each other. Participants may decide themselves whom they trust as a source for security‐related information rather than depending on centralised approaches.Originality/valueNo approach is known combining the two technologies – intrusion detection and grid – as described in this paper. The decentralised, peer‐to‐peer based grid approach together with the introduction of trust relationships and communities results in a new way of thinking about distributing security audit data.
On security preparations against possible IS threats across industries
Authors: Jung‐Ting Chang Arthur , Yeh Quey‐Jen 
Published: September 2006

PurposeModernized information systems (IS) have brought enterprises not only enormous benefits, but also linked information threats. Most enterprises solve their IS security‐related problems using technical means alone, and focus on technical rather than managerial controls, which may imply potential crises. This study examines whether the security preparation of firms matches the severity of IS threats they perceive in developing countries, especially in issues concerning “people” and “administration”. Additionally, this study discusses appropriate threat mitigation strategies for the four sectors as well.Design/methodology/approachUsing an empirical study, this study explores the past and current concerns of IS threats of firms in different industries, and the countermeasures prepared by them to protect themselves from such threats. The empirical data was provided by 109 Taiwanese enterprises from four sectors.FindingsThe analytical results revealed the differences in both the IS threats concerned and the security scopes prepared among the four sectors. Moreover, the preparation scopes were not commensurate with the perceived severity of threats. All four industries rated the network as posing the strongest threat, following regulation and personnel issues, while among the countermeasures in use, these three issues have larger application deficiencies.Originality/valueThis study concludes that the firms do not well prepare themselves against IS threats entailed to non‐technical administration issues and discusses appropriate threat mitigation strategies for the four sectors. Specifically, firms should be aware of IS threats to their business and prepare suitable security protections.
Learning‐by‐doing in transnational operations networks
Authors: Spring Martin 
Published: September 2006

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore how insights from economic geography, which are typically explanatory or directed at policy prescription, might be utilized to provide managerial insight at firm level into the processes of and conditions for tacit knowledge transfer.Design/methodology/approachThis is a theoretical paper. The approach used is to take insights from economic geography, in particular a spatial analysis of tacit knowledge transfer by Gertler, and to infer their implications for operations strategy, using a well‐known framework by Slack and Lewis.FindingsThe review section finds that the learning organization and operations management literatures are at present poorly connected and in turn, that neither adequately take account of the spatiality of organizations, particularly important when tacit knowledge and organizational routines are emphasized. The synthesis provides an initial suggestion as to operations strategy options, given this spatial perspective.Research limitations/implicationsThe review is interdisciplinary: this is its strength, but also its weakness, in that it is necessarily selective in each of the fields it draws on. It provokes further reflection and, hopefully, empirical work to test out aspects of the framework suggested.Originality/valueThe paper reminds managers that “knowledge” and “learning” do not exist in the ether, but are grounded to a large extent in what organizations do in and around their operations. Also suggests that the micro‐spatiality of operations in transnational organizations cannot be sidelined in strategic abstractions but are, in fact, central to how organizations work and learn, and why they exist.
Is trust really social capital? Knowledge sharing in product development projects
Authors: Bakker Marloes , Leenders Roger Th.A.J. , Gabbay Shaul M. , Kratzer Jan , Van Engelen Jo M.L. 
Published: September 2006

PurposeThe purpose of this research is to focus on the role of trust in knowledge sharing. Social capital researchers have put forward trust as an important force behind the sharing of knowledge. This study aims to investigate whether trust indeed explains knowledge sharing relationships, or whether there are in fact much more important drivers of the sharing of knowledge in new product development projects.Design/methodology/approachA survey study was carried out in large new product development projects, including 23 teams and 91 individuals.FindingsThe main finding is that trust is a poor explanatory of knowledge sharing. Team membership, on the other hand, has the largest effect on the density of knowledge sharing relationships. Social capital thus does not reside in trust but in team membership, especially for longer‐lived teams.Research limitations/implicationsThere should be more attention for other aspects affecting knowledge sharing, including team characteristics.Originality/valueThis article will be of use to organizations conducting new product development, wishing to manage knowledge sharing as social capital. Moreover, this article provides more insight on the value of the trust in knowledge sharing and offers directions for future theory development.
Critical success factors of public private sector partnerships
Authors: Jefferies Marcus 
Published: September 2006

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine perceptions of Build‐Own‐Operate Transfer (BOOT) schemes in order to develop a framework of critical success factors (CSF).Design/methodology/approachSuccess factors are identified from relevant literature and a project specific CSF framework is produced with key issues discussed. Discussion focuses on a case study of a current Australian BOOT project, the Sydney SuperDome.FindingsThe SuperDome is proving to be an example of how both government and private industry is attempting to meet Australia's need for infrastructure in the new millennium. The project had a streamline finance process and project participants had an appetite for risk that exceeded the other tenderers. PPPs are now established as a worldwide means of developing public services with private sector finance and expertise.Originality/valueThe SuperDome model is setting the benchmark for Australian BOOT projects, acting as the framework for future PPPs initiated by the NSW Government.
Building Egypt 1 – a general indicator cost index for the Egyptian construction industry
Authors: Hassanein Amr A.G. , Khalil Bahaee N.L. 
Published: September 2006

PurposeThe aim of this article is to develop a cost index to serve as a price indicator for the Egyptian construction industry.Design/methodology/approachThe model (Egypt 1 indices) developed for building the indices in this paper has been derived based on the “Engineering News Record” (ENR) indices model with modifications to better suit the Egyptian market. Egypt 1 indices are comprised of three indices, which serve as a general construction price indicator for the construction industry price movement in Egypt. The period analyzed in this research is 11 years (1988 through 1998).FindingsValidation of Egypt 1 indices numbers produced in this paper showed that each index does indeed represent the respective type of building for which it was computed. Further, the analysis of Egypt 1 indices compared to the ENR indices revealed that both indices exhibited trends that are generally similar from the year 1992 up to 1998 (the last year included in this study).Originality/valueThis research has the potential to introduce the use of construction cost indices and to put these into practice. This should help aid contractors and other construction parties operating in Egypt with an adequate tool for pricing and estimation of projects.
The effect of price as a marketplace cue on retail patronage
Authors: Moore Marguerite , Carpenter Jason 
Published: September 2006

PurposeThe purpose of the study is to examine the effect of consumer price attitudes, which operate as marketplace cues, on retail format choice across a variety of store types in the USA.Design/methodology/approachA cross‐section of US consumers (n=365) constitutes the sample for the study. The apparel category was selected as the study's context due to the variety of formats it offers to consumers. A telephone survey was used to investigate price perceptions and format choice across seven different retail formats. Respondents were grouped into high and low groups for each of the price cue factors. The groups were compared using analysis of variance (ANOVA) for each price construct at each level of the dependent variable for format choice.FindingsFindings suggest that price cues affect consumer format choice. Price consciousness and sale proneness tend to positively impact patronage of retail formats that implement low cost strategies, while prestige sensitivity and price/quality schema tend to positively impact patronage of retail formats that implement higher price strategies.Originality/valueAs US retail markets continue to move toward saturation and consumers take advantage of price competition, understanding the role of price as a driver of retail choice is important for strategic planning. This is particularly important when communicating store pricing policy to the target consumer. The research extends previous price cue research, which focuses on products and brands, to the retail store level.
Heterogeneity of consumer demand: opportunities for pricing of services
Authors: Taher Ahmed , El Basha Hanan 
Published: September 2006

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide a framework to help marketers of services price their products by looking beyond costs and competitive forces. By analysing the value of information; consumers' price sensitivity; and transaction costs other than search costs, against the characteristics of their service they could make more profitable pricing decisions.Design/methodology/approachA critical review of the academic and professional literature reveals a rich array of possibilities for pricing services. A simple framework is developed in the form of a matrix crossing the three dimensions of heterogeneity of consumer demand with the four characteristics of services. Each cell represents a set of pricing options.FindingsServices should be priced in a way to reflect the customers' price sensitivity, the nature of the transaction and its cost, and the value of information. The pricing should also reflect the four characteristics of services: intangibility, perishability, lack of standardization, and inseparability of production and consumption.Originality/valueThis paper fills a conceptual and practical gap for a structured review of the current state of knowledge about the pricing of services. It offers practical and solid advice and examples demonstrating the application of the different types of pricing strategies for service providers.
Semantic overlays in educational content networks – the hylOs approach
Authors: Engelhardt Michael , Hildebrand Arne , Lange Dagmar , Schmidt Thomas C. 
Published: September 2006

PurposeThe paper, aims to introduce an educational content management system Hypermedia Learning Objects System (hylOs), which is fully compliant to the IEEE LOM eLearning object metadata standard. Enabled through an advanced authoring toolset, hylOs allows the definition of instructional overlays of a given eLearning object mesh.Design/methodology/approachIn educational content management, simple file distribution is considered insufficient. Instead, IEEE LOM standardised eLearning objects have been well established as the basic building blocks for educational online content. They are nicely suited for self‐explorative learning approaches within adaptive hypermedia applications. Even though eLearning objects typically reside within content repositories, they may propagate metadata relations beyond repository limits. Given the explicit meaning of these interobject references, a semantic net of content strings can be knotted, overlaying the repository infrastructure.FindingsBased on a newly introduced ontological evaluation layer, meaningful overlay relations between knowledge objects are shown to derive autonomously. A technology framework to extend the resulting semantic nets beyond repository limits is also presented.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper provides proof of concept for the derivation and use of semantic content networks in educational hypermedia. It thereby opens up new directions for future eLearning technologies and pedagogical adoption.Practical implicationsThe paper illustrates capabilities of the hylOs eLearning content management. The hylOs is built upon the more general Media Information Repository (MIR) and the MIR Adaptive Context Linking Environment (MIRaCLE): its linking extension. MIR is an open system supporting the standard XML, CORBA and JNDI. hylOs benefits from manageable information structures, sophisticated access logic and high‐level authoring tools like the eLO editor responsible for the semi‐manual creation of meta data and WYSIWYG like XML–content editing, allowing for rapid distributed content development.Originality/valueOver the last few years, networking technologies and distributed information systems have moved up the OSI layer and are established well within application‐centric middleware. Most recently, content overlay networks have matured, incorporating the semantics of data files into their self‐organisational structure with the aim of optimising data‐centric distributed indexing and retrieval. This paper elaborates a corresponding concept of semantic structuring for educational content objects. It introduces and analyses the autonomous generation and educational exploitation of semantic content nets, providing proof of concept by a full‐featured implementation within the hylOs educational content management system.
Good enough is good enough: cataloging lessons from the University of California Libraries
Authors: Medeiros Norm 
Published: September 2006

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to seek to inspire discussions about cataloging practices in academic libraries.Design/methodology/approachThe article reviews the recent University of California Libraries report, Rethinking How We Provide Bibliographic Services for the University of California.FindingsThe UC report is sprinkled with a sufficient and warranted number of alarming statements about the future of libraries. It should serve as a wake‐up call.Originality/valueReaders will be acquainted with a recent, important work, the premises of which are central to the services provided by academic libraries.
Inviting the user into the virtual archives
Authors: Yakel Elizabeth 
Published: September 2006

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to discuss ways that Web 2.0 features are being used in archival access systems and how more might be incorporated in the future.Design/methodology/approachThis article uses a modified content analysis to highlight archives and special collections using features and functionalities associated with Web 2.0 and social navigation.FindingsA limited number of archives and manuscript collections have made forays into the world of the Web 2.0 and included interactive features on their web sites as well as tried to foster social navigation. The examples in the article do not represent all repositories employing these features, but demonstrate how they can be used to build different relationships with researchers and even among the researchers themselves.Practical implicationsThis article discusses ways that Web 2.0 features are being used in archival access systems and how these might be incorporated into other sites the future.Originality/valueThis article identifies archival web sites that support social navigation.
One‐stop shopping: a perspective on the evolution of electronic resources management
Authors: Latham Skaggs Bethany , Welch Poe Jodi , Weatherford Stevens Kimberly 
Published: September 2006

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to describe the evolution of the processes and procedures utilized by Jacksonville State University's Houston Cole Library to manage its varied electronic resources collection.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is based upon the library's experiences managing electronic resources in five major categories: e‐books; electronic government documents; electronic journals; e‐reserves; and web sites.FindingsElectronic resources librarians, an emerging specialty, must develop effective practices to manage the varied electronic resources that continue to be accessioned within most libraries.Practical implicationsThis article provides a practical model to address these management issues.Originality/valueProvides common practices for the management of electronic resources and insights into possible problems that can arise when creating a one‐stop shopping archetype for electronic resource management.
South Carolina goes digital
Authors: Boyd Kate , King Douglas 
Published: September 2006

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to discuss the University of South Carolina's Digital Activities Department's history and development.Design/methodology/approachThis article recounts the development of the Digital Activities Department and examines local policies and procedures. In addition, the article discusses the fundamental issues of choosing a digital repository, creating metadata, and scanning images. The authors take a practical, in‐depth approach in discussing their experiences.FindingsAfter just a few years, the Library has launched the department and successfully provided online access to a growing number of digital collections. Collaboration has been the key element in the department's success.Originality/valueThe lessons learned will help other institutions develop digital activities departments and provide online access to digital archives and collections.