bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiopulmonary effects and induction and recovery characteristics of isoflurane and sevoflurane in foals
Authors: Read Matt R. , Read Emma K. , Duke Tanya , Wilson David G. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractObjective—To compare induction and recovery characteristics and cardiopulmonary effects of isoflurane and sevoflurane in foals.Design—Prospective crossover study.Animals—6 healthy foals.Procedure—Foals were anesthetized twice (once at 1 month of age and again at 3 months of age). Anesthesia was induced by administration of the agent in oxygen through a nasotracheal tube. During maintenance of anesthesia, foals were positioned in dorsal recumbency; intermittent positive-pressure ventilation was performed. Characteristics of induction and recovery were recorded. Cardiopulmonary variables were recorded 10 minutes after anesthetic induction and 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes later.Results—All 6 foals were successfully anesthetized with isoflurane and sevoflurane. There were no significant differences between the 2 drugs in regard to characteristics of induction or recovery, and induction and recovery were generally smooth and unremarkable. There were no significant differences between drugs in regard to measured cardiopulmonary variables; however, both drugs caused initial hypotension that resolved over time.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest that isoflurane and sevoflurane can both be used for general anesthesia of 1- to 3-month-old foals. Significant differences between the 2 agents were not detected for any of the variables measured, suggesting that quality of anesthesia with these 2 agents was comparable. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2002;221: 393–398)
Evaluation of antithyroglobulin antibodies after routine vaccination in pet and research dogs
Authors: Scott-Moncrieff J. Catharine , Azcona-Olivera Juan , Glickman Nita W. , Glickman Lawrence T. , HogenEsch Harm 
Published: January 2006

AbstractObjective—To determine whether routine vaccination induces antibodies against bovine thyroglobulin and autoantibodies against canine thyroglobulin in dogs.Design—Prospective study.Animals—20 healthy research Beagles and 16 healthy pet dogs.Procedure—For the research Beagles, 5 dogs were vaccinated with a multivalent vaccine and a rabies vaccine, 5 dogs received only the multivalent vaccine, 5 dogs received only the rabies vaccine, and 5 dogs were unvaccinated controls. The multivalent vaccine was administered at 8, 10, 12, 16, 20, 26, and 52 weeks of age and every 6 months thereafter. The rabies vaccine was administered at 16 and 52 weeks of age and then once per year. Blood was collected from all dogs at 8, 16, and 26 weeks of age and then 4 times yearly. Assays for antibodies directed against bovine and canine thyroglobulin were performed prior to and 2 weeks after each yearly vaccination. For the pet dogs, blood was collected prior to and 2 weeks after 1 vaccination.Results—In the research Beagles, there was a significant increase in anti-bovine thyroglobulin antibodies in all vaccinated dogs, compared with control dogs. There was a significant increase in anti-canine thyroglobulin antibodies in the 2 groups of dogs that received the rabies vaccine but not in the group that received the multivalent vaccine alone. In the pet dogs, there was a significant increase in anti-canine thyroglobulin antibodies after vaccination but no significant change in anti-bovine thyroglobulin antibodies.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Recent vaccination may result in increased anti-canine thyroglobulin antibodies. Whether these antibodies have a deleterious effect on canine thyroid function is unknown. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2002;221:515–521)
Results of preemptive epidural administration of morphine with or without bupivacaine in dogs and cats undergoing surgery: 265 cases (1997–1999)
Authors: Troncy Eric , Junot Stéphane , Keroack Stéphanie , Sammut Véronique , Pibarot Philippe , Genevois Jean-Pierre , Cuvelliez Sophie 
Published: January 2006

AbstractObjective—To determine prevalence of adverse effects associated with epidural administration of morphine with or without bupivacaine in dogs and cats undergoing surgery and evaluate effects of epidural administration of morphine on postoperative pain severity.Design—Retrospective study.Animals—242 dogs and 23 cats.Procedure—Morphine with or without bupivacaine was administered prior to surgery with a Tuohy needle, spinal needle, or epidural catheter. In 18 dogs that underwent surgery twice, results of preemptive epidural administration of morphine with or without bupivacaine were compared with results of systemic administration of oxymorphone and ketoprofen.Results—The delivered fraction of isoflurane was significantly lower in animals given morphine and bupivacaine than in animals given morphine alone. Analgesia was of significantly longer duration in dogs given morphine and bupivacaine than in dogs given morphine alone. During anesthesia, mild respiratory and cardiovascular depression was reported. Seven dogs and 2 cats had urine retention, and 2 dogs developed pruritus. Six dogs vomited when a second dose of morphine was given epidurally the day after surgery. Eight of 72 dogs had delayed hair growth. In 18 dogs that underwent surgery twice, the delivered fraction of isoflurane was significantly lower and the duration of analgesia was significantly longer when morphine with or without bupivacaine was given epidurally than when oxymorphone and ketoprofen were given.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest that preemptive epidural administration of morphine with or without bupivacaine is a safe and effective method of inducing long-lasting analgesia in dogs and cats and is superior to standard management of postoperative pain with repeated injection of oxymorphone and ketoprofen. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2002;221:666–672)
Evaluation of 5 serologic assays to detect Rhodococcus equi pneumonia in foals
Authors: Martens Ronald J. , Cohen Noah D. , Chaffin M. Keith , Takai Shinji , Doherty Charity L. , Angulo Arthur B. , Edwards Ronnie F. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractObjective—To determine the sensitivity and specificity of 5 serologic assays used to diagnoseRhodococcus equipneumonia in foals and to determine whether any of the assays could be used to identify affected foals prior to the onset of clinical signs or to differentiate between affected and unaffected foals when clinical signs first become apparent.Design—Nested case-control study.Animals—26 foals.Procedure—Serum samples were obtained from all foals at 2, 4, and 6 or 7 weeks of age. Additional samples were obtained from affected foals at the time of diagnosis ofR equipneumonia and from agematched unaffected foals. Samples were tested with 3 ELISA, an agar gel immunodiffusion assay, and a synergistic hemolysis inhibition assay.Results—Sensitivity and specificity data indicated that none of the assays could be used to reliably differentiate affected from unaffected foals at any testing period. Proportions of foals that had an increase in test values between paired samples collected at 4 and 6 or 7 weeks of age were not significantly different between affected and unaffected foals. For all assays, result values increased significantly over time; however, the rate of increase was not significantly different between affected and unaffected foals.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest that serologic assays, whether performed on single or paired samples, cannot be used to reliably establish, confirm, or exclude a diagnosis of R equi pneumonia in foals. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2002;221:825–833)
Use of thoracoscopy to determine the etiology of pleural effusion in dogs and cats: 18 cases (1998–2001)
Authors: Kovak Janet R. , Ludwig Lori L. , Bergman Philip J. , Baer Keith E. , Noone Kathleen E. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractObjective—To assess use of thoracoscopy to determine causes of pleural effusion in dogs and cats.Design—Retrospective study.Animals—15 dogs and 3 cats with pleural effusion.Procedure—Medical records were reviewed from 1998 to 2001 for dogs and cats that had exploratory thoracoscopy, biopsy, and histologic analysis to determine the etiology of pleural effusion. Intraoperative and postoperative complications were recorded. Surgical biopsy specimens were evaluated for quantity and quality for providing a histologic diagnosis.Results—Biopsy specimens were deemed adequate in quantity and quality to render a histologic diagnosis in all animals. Etiology of the effusion was neoplasia in 8 animals and non-neoplastic pleuritis in 10 animals. Median survival time of animals with neoplasia was 15 days, whereas those with inflammatory diseases had median survival time of > 785 days. Postoperative pneumothorax was encountered in 2 animals subsequent to pulmonary biopsy. No other major complications were recorded.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Thoracoscopy is a diagnostic option that provides excellent viewing of intrathoracic structures and adequate biopsy specimens with minimal complications. This technique provides a less invasive alternative to thoracotomy for evaluating the etiology of pleural effusion. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2002;221:990–994)
Influence of vestibulovaginal stenosis, pelvic bladder, and recessed vulva on response to treatment for clinical signs of lower urinary tract disease in dogs: 38 cases (1990-1999)
Authors: Crawford Jason T. , Adams William M. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractObjective—To determine influence of vestibulovaginal stenosis, pelvic" bladder, and recessed vulva on response to treatment for clinical signs of lower urinary tract disease in dogs.Design—Retrospective study.Animals—38 spayed female dogs.Procedure—Medical records and client follow-up were reviewed for dogs evaluated via excretory urography because of clinical signs of lower urinary tract disease. Clinical signs, results of radiography, and response to surgical or medical treatment were analyzed.Results—Clinical signs included urinary tract infection (n = 24). urinary incontinence (201, vaginitis (11). pollakiuna or stranguria (10), and perivuivar dermatitis (4). Vaginocystourethrographic findings included vestibulovaginal stenosis (n = 28), pelvic bladder (17). and ureteritis or pyeionephritis (4). Ten dogs had a vestibulovaginal ratio 07 < 0.20 (severe stenosisl, 9 dogs had a ratio of 0.20 to 0.25 (moderate stenosis), 9 dogs had a ratio of 0.26 to 0.35 (mild stenosis). and 10 dogs had a ratio of > 0.35 (anatomically normal). Lower urinary tract infection, incontinence, and pelvic bladder were not associated with response to treatment for recessed vulva Vestibulovaginal stenosts with a ratio < 0.20 was signiflcantly associated negatively wlth response to treatment. Dogs without severe vestibulovaglnai stenosls that rened vulvoplasty for a recessed vulva responded well to treatment.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Vestibulovaginal stenosis is likely an important factor in dogs with vestibulovaginal ratio < 0.20. Vaginectomy or resection and anastomosis should be considered in dogs with severe vestibulovaginal stenosis and signs of lower urinary tract disease.(J Am Vet Med Assoc2002.221 995–9991
Comparison of colloid, thyroid follicular epithelium, and thyroid hormone concentrations in healthy and severely sick dogs
Authors: Torres Sheila M. F. , Feeney Daniel A. , Lekcharoensuk Chalermpol , Fletcher Thomas F. , Clarkson Christina E. , Nash Nardina L. , Hayden David W. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractObjectives—To compare serum concentrations of total thyroxine (TT4), free thyroxine (fT4), and thyroid- stimulating hormone (TSH), as well as measures of thyroid follicular colloid and epithelium, between groups of healthy dogs and severely sick dogs.Design—Cross-sectional study.Animals—61 healthy dogs and 66 severely sick dogs.Procedure—Serum samples were obtained before euthanasia, and both thyroid lobes were removed immediately after euthanasia. Morphometric analyses were performed on each lobe, and serum TT4, fT4, and TSH concentrations were measured.Results—In the sick group, serum TT4and fT4concentrations were less than reference range values in 39 (59%) and 21 (32%) dogs, respectively; only 5 (8%) dogs had high TSH concentrations. Mean serum TT4and fT4concentrations were significantly lower in the sick group, compared with the healthy group. In the healthy group, a significant negative correlation was found between volume percentage of colloid and TT4or fT4concentrations, and a significant positive correlation was found between volume percentage of follicular epithelium and TT4or fT4concentrations. A significant negative correlation was observed between volume percentages of colloid and follicular epithelium in both groups.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—TT4and fT4concentrations are frequently less than reference range values in severely sick dogs. Therefore, thyroid status should not be evaluated during severe illness. The absence of any significant differences in mean volume percentages of follicular epithelium between healthy and severely sick dogs suggests that these 2 groups had similar potential for synthesizing and secreting thyroid hormones. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2003;222:1079–1085)
Postoperative hypoxemia and hypercarbia in healthy dogs undergoing routine ovariohysterectomy or castration and receiving butorphanol or hydromorphone for analgesia
Authors: Campbell Vicki L. , Drobatz Kenneth J. , Perkowski Sandra Z. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractObjective—To determine frequency and severity of postanesthetic hypoxemia and hypercarbia in healthy dogs undergoing elective ovariohysterectomy or castration and given butorphanol or hydromorphone for analgesia.Design—Prospective trial.Animals—20 healthy dogs weighing > 10 kg (22 lb).Procedure—Dogs were anesthestized with acepromazine, glycopyrrolate, thiopental, and isoflurane, and butorphanol (n = 10) or hydromorphone (10) was used for perioperative analgesia. Arterial blood gas analyses were performed 10 and 30 minutes and 1, 2, 3, and 4 hours after extubation.Results—In dogs that received hydromorphone, mean PaCO2was significantly higher, compared with the preoperative value, 10 and 30 minutes and 1, 2, and 3 hours after extubation. Mean PaCO2was significantly higher in dogs given hydromorphone rather than butorphanol 10 and 30 minutes and 1 and 2 hours after extubation. Mean PaO2was significantly lower, compared with preoperative values, 30 minutes and 1 and 2 hours after extubation in dogs given hydromorphone and 30 minutes after extubation in dogs given butorphanol. Mean PaO2was significantly lower in dogs given hydromorphone rather than butorphanol 1 hour after extubation. Four dogs had PaO2< 80 mm Hg 1 or more times after extubation.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest that administration of hydromorphone to healthy dogs undergoing elective ovariohysterectomy or castration may result in transient increases in PaCO2postoperatively and that administration of hydromorphone or butorphanol may result in transient decreases in PaO2. However, increases in PaCO2and decreases in PaO2were mild, and mean PaCO2and PaO2remained within reference limits. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2003;222:330–336)
Evaluation of the sedative and cardiorespiratory effects of dexmedetomidine, dexmedetomidine-butorphanol, and dexmedetomidine-ketamine in cats
Authors: Selmi André L. , Mendes Guilherme M. , Lins Bruno T. , Figueiredo Juliana P. , Barbudo-Selmi Glenda R. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractObjective—To determine sedative and cardiorespiratory effects of dexmedetomidine alone and in combination with butorphanol or ketamine in cats.Design—Randomized crossover study.Animals—6 healthy adult cats.Procedures—Cats were given dexmedetomidine alone (10 μg/kg [4.5 mg/lb], IM), a combination of dexmedetomidine (10 μg/kg, IM) and butorphanol (0.2 mg/kg [0.09 mg/lb], IM), or a combination of dexmedetomidine (10 μg/kg, IM) and ketamine (5 mg/kg [2.3 mg/lb], IM). Treatments were administered in random order, with ≥ 1 week between treatments. Physiologic variables were assessed before and after drug administration. Time to lateral recumbency, duration of lateral recumbency, time to sternal recumbency, time to recovery from sedation, and subjective evaluation of sedation, muscle relaxation, and auditory response were assessed.Results—Each treatment resulted in adequate sedation; time to lateral recumbency, duration of lateral recumbency, and time to recovery from sedation were similar among treatments. Time to sternal recumbency was significantly greater after administration of dexmedetomidine-ketamine. Heart rate decreased significantly after each treatment; however, the decrease was more pronounced after administration of dexmedetomidine-butorphanol, compared with that following the other treatments. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure measurements decreased significantly from baseline with all treatments; 50 minutes after drug administration, mean blood pressure differed significantly from baseline only when cats received dexmedetomidine and butorphanol.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggested that in cats, administration of dexmedetomidine combined with butorphanol or ketamine resulted in more adequate sedation, without clinically important cardiovascular effects, than was achieved with dexmedetomidine alone. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2003;222:37–41)
Evaluation of the effect of a long-term trap-neuter-return and adoption program on a free-roaming cat population
Authors: Levy Julie K. , Gale David W. , Gale Leslie A. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractObjective—To evaluate the effect of a long-term trapneuter-return program, with adoption whenever possible, on the dynamics of a free-roaming cat population.Design—Observational epidemiologic study.Animals—155 unowned free-roaming cats.Procedures—Free-roaming cats residing on a university campus were trapped, neutered, and returned to the environment or adopted over an 11-year period.Results—During the observation period (January 1991 to April 2002), 75% of the cats were feral, and 25% were socialized. Kittens comprised 56% of the original population. Male cats were slightly more numerous (55%) than females. At the conclusion of the observation period, 47% of the cats had been removed for adoption, 15% remained on site, 15% had disappeared, 11% were euthanatized, 6% had died, and 6% had moved to the surrounding wooded environment. Trapping began in 1991; however, a complete census of cats was not completed until 1996, at which time 68 cats resided on site. At completion of the study in 2002, the population had decreased by 66%, from 68 to 23 cats (of which 22 were feral). No kittens were observed on site after 1995, but additional stray or abandoned cats continued to become resident. New arrivals were neutered or adopted before they could reproduce.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—A comprehensive long-term program of neutering followed by adoption or return to the resident colony can result in reduction of free-roaming cat populations in urban areas. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2003;222:42–46)
Results of single-session bilateral triple pelvic osteotomy with an eight-hole iliac bone plate in dogs: 95 cases (1996–1999)
Authors: Borostyankoi Frank , Rooks Robert L. , Kobluk Calvin N. , Reed Ann L. , Littledike E. Travis 
Published: January 2006

AbstractObjective—To evaluate feasibility of single-session bilateral triple pelvic osteotomy with 8-hole iliac bone plates in dogs with bilateral hip dysplasia.Design—Retrospective study.Animals—95 dogs with bilateral hip dysplasia.Procedure—Medical records were reviewed, and information was obtained on signalment; body weight; angles of subluxation and reduction prior to surgery; durations of surgery and hospitalization; postoperative mobility; severity of lameness, radiographic grade of hip dysplasia, Norberg angle, and femoral head coverage before and after surgery; time required for radiographic evidence of iliac healing; change in pelvic diameter; implant integrity; and complications.Results—Mean age at the time of surgery was 10.8 months, and mean weight was 35.2 kg (77.4 lb). Prior to surgery, mean angles of subluxation were 2.2° on the right and 2.6° on the left; mean angles of reduction were 25.9° on the right and 27.3° on the left. Mean surgical time was 95 minutes. All but 1 dog were able to walk on their own by the fourth day after surgery. Mean hospitalization time was 7.5 days. Clinical signs of lameness and radiographic grade of hip dysplasia were significantly improved during follow-up examinations. Mean time for radiographic iliac healing was 8 weeks. None of the plates and only 7 of the 1,520 (0.5%) screws loosened after surgery. Nineteen dogs had complications, but all complications were minor.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest that single-session bilateral triple pelvic osteotomy with 8-hole iliac bone plates is effective for treatment of dogs with bilateral hip dysplasia. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2003;222:54–59)
Evaluation of an inactivated Neospora caninum vaccine in beef feedlot steers
Authors: Barling Kerry S. , Lunt David K. , Graham Sherry L. , Choromanski Leszek J. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractObjective—To evaluate effects of vaccination of feedlot steers against bovine neosporosis on weight gain, feed intake and efficiency (feed intake per gain), and carcass characteristics.Design—Longitudinal observational study.Animals—60 weaned Brangus steers seronegative forNeospora caninum.Procedure—Steers were assigned to age-matched control and treatment groups. Steers in the treatment group receivedN caninumvaccine on days 79 and 106, while control steers received 2 placebo injections. For each steer, serologic status forN caninumwas determined on days 0 (weaning), 51, 79, 106, 135, 163, 191, 219, and 247 by use of an ELISA; body weight was determined on the same days and at slaughter (day 259). Daily feed intake per steer was measured from days 79 to 259.Results—Seroconversion occurred in 23 of 30 (76.7%) steers in the vaccinated group. Immediately after vaccination, average daily gain, average daily feed intake, and feed efficiency were significantly greater in the treatment group than in the control group, but these differences did not persist. No differences between groups were found in regard to live weight at slaughter, hot carcass weight, dressing percentage, or quality grade; however, steers in the vaccinated group had significantly lower yield grades than did control steers.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—In feedlot steers, use of this vaccine againstN caninumwas safe and did not affect overall feedlot performance or meat quality; effects on yield grade require further evaluation. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2003;222:624–627)