bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Network Intrusion Detection Model Based on Dilated convolution network and BiLSTM
Authors: Li Yimeng , Gao Yuzhuo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Aiming at the intrusion detection model, there are problems such as single dimension of local feature extraction, prediction accuracy to be improved and high computational overhead of the model, an intrusion detection model based on Dilated Convolution Network (DCN) and Bidirectional Long Short Memory Network (BiLSTM) intrusion detection model. Firstly, the improved three-layer Dilated convolution network (DCN) structure is used for local feature extraction, which solves the problem of a single extraction dimension; secondly, the combination of Dilated convolution and BiLSTM is used to solve the problem of the prediction accuracy needs to be improved; and finally, the model is lightened by the introduction of grouped convolution technique in the model. and the feature selection algorithm for feature dimensionality reduction operation to reduce the computational overhead. In this paper, experiments are conducted on the public dataset CICIDS2017, and after comparing the traditional model and existing intrusion detection methods, the analysis shows that the proposed model has better performance. The model prediction accuracy, recall, and F1 value are high, proving its effectiveness and feasibility.
Soy protein selectively accumulates formaldehyde
Authors: Yamada Masanori , Uchida Momoka , Yamada Tetsuya 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Soy protein (SP) was obtained from degreased soybeans which are discarded as an industrial waste around the world. Therefore, the materials consisting of soy protein are not only environmentally benign but also sustainable materials. We prepared the SP − GPTMS composite materials by mixing the SP and a silane coupling reagent, 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS), and demonstrated the accumulation of various aldehydes, such as formaldehyde (HAld), acetaldehyde (AcAld), butyl aldehyde (BuAld), and benzaldehyde (BnAld), by the SP − GPTMS composite materials. As a result, when the composite materials were incubated in an aqueous multi-component solution containing four aldehydes, these materials effectively accumulated the aldehydes. The accumulated amounts of the aldehydes were BnAld < BuAld < AcAld < HAld and the amount of HAld was three times higher than that of BnAld, which had the lowest accumulated amount. These results suggested that the SP − GPTMS composite materials indicated a molecular selectivity for HAld. In addition, the accumulated amounts of HAld further increased under acidic conditions. Furthermore, according to the IR measurements, the HAld-accumulated SP − GPTMS composite materials showed the formation of hydroxymethyl groups. Therefore, the molecular selectivity of HAld in the SP − GPTMS composite material was due to the high electrophilicity of HAld and the low steric hindrance.
Ultra-inert lanthanide chelates as mass tags for multiplexed bioanalysis
Authors: Polasek Miloslav , David Tomáš , Šedinová Miroslava , Myšková Aneta , Kuneš Jaroslav , Maletinska Lenka , Pohl Radek , Dračínský Martin , Mertlíková-Kaiserová Helena , Čížek Karel , Klepetářová Blanka , Litecká Miroslava , Kaňa Antonín , Sýkora David , Jaroš Adam , Straka Michal 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Coordination compounds of lanthanides are indispensable in biomedical applications as MRI contrast agents and radiotherapeutics. However, since the introduction of the chelator DOTA four decades ago, there has been only limited progress on improving their thermodynamic stability and kinetic inertness, which are essential for safe in-vivo use. Here, we present ClickZip, an innovative synthetic strategy employing a coordination-templated formation of a 1,5-triazole bridge that improves kinetic inertness up to a million-fold relative to DOTA, expanding utility of lanthanide chelates beyond traditional uses. Acting as unique mass tags, the ClickZip chelates can be released from (biological) samples by acidic hydrolysis, chromatographically distinguished from interfering lanthanide species, and sensitively detected by mass spectrometry. Lanthanides enclosed in ClickZip chelates are chemically almost indistinguishable, providing a more versatile alternative to chemically identical isotopic labels for multiplexed analysis. The bioanalytical potential is demonstrated on tagged cell-penetrating peptides in vitro, and anti-obesity prolactin-releasing peptides in vivo.
Outlier detection and removal in multifractal analysis of electrophysiological brain signals
Authors: Dumeur Merlin , Palva J. Matias , Ciuciu Philippe 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The analysis of the scale invariant properties of brain activity has received growing attention in the last 15 years, especially in the context of the brain criticality hypothesis.Multifractal analysis (MFA) extends the ability of usual tools in brain criticality research (e.g. Detrended Fluctuation Analysis) to characterize scale invariance, by investigating the scaling of higher order statistical moments. However MFA is very sensitive to the presence of outliers in the data, for instance in the form of impulsive noise.In this work, we propose a novel algorithm for outlier detection and removal, which relies on the wavelet p-leader MFA formalism. The proposed approach consists in temporally segmenting the time-scale representation of the data (time series), and then tagging and removing the outlier segments from the final MFA estimation process. We first compare on on synthetic noisy mono- and multifractral time series the performances of our method with those of existing techniques such as the wavelet $p$-leader MFA formalism and a naive robust cumulant based approach. The proposed method is then evaluated on a single noisy resting-state Magnetoencephalography (MEG) recording of a healthy volunteer. Overall we show that in the presence of noise impulses, this method removes the existing bias with standard MFA tools (wavelet-leader based analysis) on both synthetic and neurophysiological data, with consistent findings across the two brain hemispheres in MEG.
Identifying General Reaction Conditions for Mechanoradical Natural Hydrogen Production
Authors: Liang Yunfeng , Cui Wuge , Masuda Yoshihiro , Hirose Takehiro , Tsuji Takeshi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Natural hydrogen is widely distributed, and its generation from rock and water is poorly known on the molecular scale. Here, we provide direct experimental evidence of hydrogen production from rock and offer an atomistic insight into the natural hydrogen origin based on first-principles molecular dynamics simulation using quartz as the model silicate mineral. The hypothetical reaction pathway of mechanoradical hydrogen generation is clarified, and the reductive environment and deprotonation process are shown to be essential for hydrogen generation. Hydrogen was generated from Si radicals and H2O in two steps involving charge transfer and inverse charge transfer. Oxygen generation was also observed in experiments and simulations, it was generated on an oxygen-rich surface with SiOO as an intermediate product. Simulations using water and ice VII (a high-pressure form of water) at different temperatures link our results to potential natural hydrogen production conditions.
Exercise Intolerance in Long Covid After 24 Months From Severe Acute Disease: is There Room for Improvement?
Authors: Borges Fernanda Facioli dos Reis , Braga Andrezza Cristina Barbosa , Viana Bernardo Silva , Valente Jefferson , Bemfica João Marcos , Motta Thais Jordão Perez Sant'Anna , Fernandes Eduardo , Goulart Cassia da Luz , Almeida-Val Fernando , Arêas Guilherme Peixoto Tinoco 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Long COVID is a complex and multisystemic condition, where dyspnea, fatigue, post-exertional malaise, cognitive impairment, decreased functional capacity, and deterioration in quality of life are the most incident clinical features. Few studies have reported cardiopulmonary alterations 24 months after severe COVID-19 infection.
Objective: to evaluate the functional capacity of individuals with persistent symptoms after severe COVID-19 infection compared to control individuals without symptomatic COVID or mild COVID after 24 months.
Methods: This is a case-control study assessing 34 individuals divided into 2 groups (severe COVID-19 with long COVID and a control group consisting of asymptomatic/mild acute COVID-19 with no long COVID) regarding functional capacity by 6-minute walk test (6MWT) associated with gas analysis, spirometry, respiratory muscle strength and quality of life. Results: During the 6MWT, an important lower heart rate (HR) was observed for the COVID group, with greater exertional perception, a significant decrease in the distance covered, and a low value of O2 uptake (V̇O2) and minute ventilation, in addition to very low quality of life scores, especially in aspects of functional capacity and physical limitations.
Conclusion: individuals who have severe COVID-19 and persist with symptoms have low functional capacity, low V̇O2, low HR behavior, and low quality of life.
Post-repair seismic assessment of steel MRFs prone to soft-story mechanisms using rocking walls: cost-performance analysis
Authors: Dehcheshmeh Esmaeil Mohammadi , Ahmadi Milad Hooshyar Soltan , Broujerdian Vahid , Jafari Abouzar 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Coupling a rocking wall with a moment-resisting frame (MRF) is a viable and practical solution to mitigate the risk of soft-story mechanisms. However, little research has been conducted to investigate the retrofitted MRFs’ post-repair performance and the cost-performance of intervention. This research conducted a numerical parametric study to assess the cost-effectiveness of the retrofitting approach and shed light on the seismic performance of the retrofitted frames. To this end, three steel benchmark MRFs (i.e., three-, six-, and nine-floor height implicitly representing low-, mid- and relatively high-rise buildings, respectively) were selected, and pinned constraints were applied to the end of frames columns to induce the soft-story mechanism. Through coupling a base-rocking wall to the benchmark MRFs, thirteen different retrofitted scenarios were created considering different height and stiffness for the wall. Risk and performance assessment and seismic fragility analysis of the retrofitted scenarios were conducted by performing pushover and incremental dynamic analysis. The cost of retrofitting was estimated for each scenario, and a performance index was introduced to evaluate the efficiency of retrofitting intervention and, after that, to conduct a cost-performance analysis. The results showed that the retrofitting approach considerably decreases residual drift, especially in low-rise buildings. The best performance was achieved in low-rise buildings, and the retrofitting efficiency decreased by increasing the building’s height. Increasing the attached wall’s height has a stronger effect on reducing the retrofitted scenarios’ collapse probability. Besides, increasing the height of the attached wall has a more pronounced effect than stiffness in improving the safety and inter-story drift uniformity of retrofitted scenarios. In terms of performance, for low-rise buildings, employing a less stiff wall leads to a better result, although for mid- and high-rise buildings, scenarios with longer and stiffer wall greatly outperform others. In terms of cost-effectiveness, using a shorter and less stiff wall outperforms other scenarios by a large margin.
Efficacy and Safety of Anisodamine Hydrobromide Combined with Low-molecular-weight Heparin for the Treatment of Sepsis Patients: Study Protocol for a Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Chen Ying , Wei Shuxing , Dong Hongmeng , Ji Wenqing , Zhang Da , Xu Yali , Zhou Haijiang , Mei Xue , Guo Shubin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The objective of this study was to compare the effects of traditional treatment with those of anisodamine hydrobromide (Ani HBr) combined with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) in the treatment of sepsis in hopes that this therapy will provide alternatives for the treatment of sepsis. This was a randomized, placebo-controlled, open-label, multicenter trial involving patients with sepsis recruited from seven emergency departments in Beijing, China. Patients diagnosed with sepsis will be randomly assigned to either the treatment or control group at a 1:1 ratio. The treatment group will receive Ani HBr combined with LMWH, while the control group will receive conventional treatment. A total of 782 sepsis patients will be recruited, and interim analysis will be conducted. The primary endpoint of the study was the 28-day mortality rate. The secondary endpoints included the lactate clearance rate at 6 hours, 24 hours, and 72 hours, the duration of ICU and hospital stay, the number of days without organ failure, the number of days with vasopressor use within 28 days, the septic shock conversion rate, the 28-day mortality rate of septic shock, and the 72-hour sublingual microcirculation. If the combination therapy of Ani HBr and LMWH demonstrates superior efficacy compared to conventional treatment, this study will provide valuable insights into the treatment of septic shock and potentially contribute to reducing the mortality rate associated with this condition.
Trial registration:NCT05634057 (https://register.clinicaltrials.gov/).
Predictive Analysis of the Leptin-Melanocortin and Adiponectin Signaling Pathways in Obesity through In Silico Techniques
Authors: Ghosh Sunandini , Dhar Shrinjana , Roy Ushashi , Mondal Sayan , Bhattacharjee Pritha 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Genetic and epigenetic alterations have been reported to significantly influence the global burden of obesity. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) including both coding and non-coding amino acid changes are the key regulators of the protein structural and functional modifications. The current computational study utilizing in silico techniques focused on the screening and identification of the most pathogenic missense SNPs of the selected candidate genes of the leptin-melanocortin and adiponectin signaling pathways provoking obesity. A total of 2424 SNPs from 9 candidate genes were extracted from the NCBI database followed by pathogenicity prediction using seven servers, SIFT, PANTHER, Meta-SNP, PhD-SNP, PredictSNP, PolyPhen-2, and SNAP2. The shortlisted variants (n = 7) were analyzed for structural stability using DynaMut, iMutant, INPS3D, MuPro, and iStable followed by the functional stability analysis (n = 3) using Mut-Pred2, Project HOPE, and I-TASSER. Gene-network analysis of the finally screened SNPs (n = 3) was created using the STRING database. Two SNPs of ADIPOR1 (rs1419320091 and rs1654109863) and one variant of MC4R (rs1159323398) were predicted in the study to be the most pathogenic resulting in altered protein functionality. Therapeutic approaches designed based on early pathogenicity predictions using in silico analysis techniques would be a new horizon for the effective control of disease prevalence.
A variety of methods to determine the accumulation period of tight gas reservoirs in the Upper Paleozoic of Ordos Basin
Authors: Chen Zhanjun , Gao Xiaoping 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

There is no unified view on the formation period of Upper Paleozoic gas reservoirs in Ordos Basin, China. This study takes Yulin area located in Yishan slope of Ordos Basin as an example, and comprehensively determines the period of gas accumulation through various methods. The study process includes : Firstly, according to the geological background and accumulation model, the idea of accumulation period analysis is established. Secondly, the necessary key parameters for the accumulation period are put forward. Thirdly, the burial history of strata, the dynamic characteristics of hydrocarbon generation of source rocks and the dynamic change of hydrocarbon content in reservoirs are studied. The key necessary parameters required for the study are obtained through the above process. Finally, according to these parameters, each time node in the accumulation process is determined, and then each accumulation period is determined. The results show that the Upper Paleozoic in Yulin area is ' three periods of hydrocarbon generation and two periods of hydrocarbon accumulation '. The three periods of hydrocarbon generation occurred in the Triassic ( -229 Ma ~ -200 Ma ), Jurassic ( -188 Ma ~ -151 Ma ) and Early Cretaceous ( -138 Ma ~ -100 Ma ). The intensity of hydrocarbon generation in each period increases in turn. The two periods of hydrocarbon accumulation occurred in Late Jurassic ( -178.5 Ma ~ -151 Ma ) and Early Cretaceous ( -138 Ma ~ -100 Ma ). The late Early Cretaceous ( -126.7Ma ~ -100 Ma ) is the main accumulation period. In order to avoid the application defects of various methods in this area, the research work uses the determined parameters obtained by every single research method. According to each accurate parameter analysis, the start time of hydrocarbon generation, the start time and end time of gas reservoir, and the time of each period of accumulation are obtained. This research process eliminates possible errors in the research process and ensures the credibility and accuracy of the research results.
Optimal Scheduling of Agricultural Machines in Hilly Mountainous Areas Based on NSGA-II-SA Hybrid Algorithm with Applications
Authors: Liu Huanyu , Luo Jiahao , Zhao Baidong , Zhang Lihan , Wang Fulin , Wang Shuang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Optimizing the scheduling of farm machinery is essential to meet farmers' requirements, minimize scheduling costs, and save time. This study focuses on scheduling farm machinery in multiple cooperatives across various regions, aiming to minimize scheduling costs and reduce scheduling time. Initially, a multi-constraint hybrid clustering algorithm is employed to assign farmland to each farm machinery cooperative by clustering before scheduling. Subsequently, an enhanced version of the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II (NSGA-II) is proposed, integrating a local search strategy based on congestion-based neighborhood search and the Simulated Annealing (SA) algorithm to develop the NSGA-II-SA algorithm. This hybrid multi-objective evolutionary algorithm effectively optimizes scheduling costs and time. The model's validity and the algorithm's superiority are demonstrated through a Web-based multi-region agricultural machine scheduling system and an example study. Experimental results show that the NSGA-II-SA algorithm significantly reduces scheduling costs and time, as well as the number of dispatched farm machines, outperforming other algorithms with reductions of 9.8%, 3.1%, and 8.7% in total scheduling costs, and 12.5%, 13.4%, and 11.6% in total scheduling time. This research establishes a theoretical framework for multi-region agricultural machine scheduling in hilly and mountainous areas, enhancing agricultural production efficiency.
Revealing reaction intermediates in one-carbon elongation ThDP/CoA dependent enzyme family
Authors: Joachimiak Andrzej , Kim Youngchang , Lee Seung Hwan , Gade Priyanka , Nattermann Maren , Maltseva Natalia , Endres Michael , Chen Jing , Wichmann Philipp , Hu Yang , Marchal Daniel , Yoshikuni Yasuo , Erb Tobias , Gonzalez Ramon , Michalska Karolina 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

2-Hydroxyacyl-CoA lyase/synthase (HACL/S) is a thiamine diphosphate (ThDP)-dependent versatile enzyme originally discovered in the mammalian α-oxidation pathway. HACL/S natively cleaves 2-hydroxyacyl-CoAs and, in its reverse direction, condenses formyl-CoA with aldehydes or ketones. The one-carbon elongation biochemistry based on HACL/S has enabled the use of molecules derived from greenhouse gases as biomanufacturing feedstocks. We investigated several HACL/S family members with high activity in the condensation of formyl-CoA and aldehydes, and distinct chain-length specificities and kinetic parameters. Our analysis revealed the structures of enzymes in complex with acyl-CoA substrates and products, several covalent transition states, bound ThDP and ADP, as well as a previously unseen C-terminal active site region. One of these new states corresponds to the intermediary α-carbanion with ThDP covalently attached to formyl- CoA. This research distinguishes HACL/S from related sub-families and identifies key residues involved in substrate binding and catalysis. These findings expand our knowledge of acyloincondensation biochemistry and offer new prospects for biocatalysis using carbon elongation.
NAPH-Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging informed machine learning modelling reliably predicts Temozolomide responsiveness in Glioblastoma
Authors: Pastore Aldo , Corradi Elena , Morelli Mariangela , Mazzanti Chiara , Aretini Paolo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly deadly brain tumor. The chemotherapeutic treatment still lacks solid patient stratification, as temozolomide (TMZ) is administered to the majority of GBM patients. In this study, we explored the effectiveness of NAD(P)H-fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (NAD(P)H-FLIM) in furnishing clinically relevant insights into GBM responsiveness, a realm constrained by the absence of corresponding clinical outcome data. Using the information obtained by NAD(P)H-FLIM, we conducted a DE analysis on an RNA-seq private dataset, comparing TMZ responder and non-responder tumors. To validate the NAD(P)H-FLIM classification, we conducted a comparable DE analysis on the GBM TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) RNA-seq data using the progression-free interval (PFI) as a responsiveness indicator. We selected the most informative genes shared by both the DE analyses (BIRC3, CBLC, IL6, PTX3, SRD5A1, TNFAIP3) and employed them as transcriptomic signature. Using a different dataset (GBM TCGA Agilent-Microarray), we built a signature-based machine learning model capable of predicting the PFI. We also showed that the performance of our model is similar to that obtained with a well-established biomarker: the methylation status of the MGMT promoter. In conclusion, we assessed the reliability of the NAD(P)H-FLIM in providing clinically relevant drug response information in GBM and provided a new transcriptomic based model for determining patients’ responsiveness to TMZ treatment.