bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early prediction of the impact of public health policies on obesity and lifetime risk of type 2 diabetes: A modelling approach
Authors: Bauvin Pierre , Delacôte Claire , Wandji Line Carolle Ntandja , Lassailly Guillaume , Raverdy Violeta , Pattou François , Deuffic-Burban Sylvie , Mathurin Philippe 
Published: March 2024

Objective
Help public health decision-making requires a better understanding of the dynamics of obesity and type 2 diabetes and an assessement of different strategies to decrease their burdens.

Methods
Based on 97,848 individual data, collected in the French Health, Health Care and Insurance Survey over 1998–2014, a Markov model was developed to describe the progression of being overweight to obesity, and the onset of type 2 diabetes. This model traces and predicts 2022–2027 burdens of obesity and type 2 diabetes, and lifetime risk of diabetes, according to different scenarios aiming at minimum to stabilize obesity at 5 years.

Results
Estimated risks of type 2 diabetes increase from 0.09% (normal weight) to 1.56% (obesity II-III). Compared to the before 1995 period, progression risks are estimated to have nearly doubled for obesity and tripled for type 2 diabetes. Consequently, over 2022–2027, the prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes will continue to increase from 17.3% to 18.2% and from 7.3% to 8.1%, respectively. Scenarios statibilizing obesity would require a 22%-decrease in the probability of move up (scenario 1) or a 33%-increase in the probability of move down (scenario 2) one BMI class. However, this stabilization will not affect the increase of diabetes prevalence whereas lifetime risk of diabetes would decrease (30.9% to 27.0%). Combining both scenarios would decrease obesity by 9.9%. Only the prevalence of obesity III shows early change able to predict the outcome of a strategy: for example, 6.7%-decrease at one year, 13.3%-decrease at two years with scenario 1 stabilizing obesity at 5 years.

Conclusions
Prevalences of obesity and type 2 diabetes will still increase over the next 5 years. Stabilizing obesity may decrease lifetime risks of type 2 diabetes without affecting its short-term prevalence. Our study highlights that, to early assess the effectiveness of their program, public health policy makers should rely on the change in prevalence of obesity III.
Optimising coagulation/flocculation using response surface methodology and application of floc in biofertilisation
Authors: Iber Benedict Terkula , Okomoda Victor Tosin , Felix Gary Petol , Abdullah Siti Rozaimah Sheikh , Oloruntobi Olakunle , Bokhari Awais , Eldesoky Gaber E. , Park Sung Jea , Choi Dongwhi , Chuah Lai Fatt , Kasan Nor Azman 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Aquaculture effluent generation, an environmentally crucial process requires effective treatment. Simple methods like coagulation and flocculation are considered effective. In this study, chitosan from Black tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon, was used to remove ammonia (NH3) and turbidity. Response surface methodology-optimised dosages (5.00, 12.50, and 20.00 mg·L−1), pH (5.00, 6.25, and 7.50), and settling times (5.00, 7.50, and 30.00 min) were applied. Water spinach, Ipomea aquatica, received an application for organic fertiliser after the nutrient status of the recovered floc was later determined. Results showed that at a dose of 16.25 mg·L−1, a pH of 7.5, and a settling time of 17.5 min, chitosan cleared 92.16% of the turbidity. After 30 min of settling, 84.42% of the NH3 was eliminated at 5 mg·L−1 and 7.5 pH. Both macronutrients (P, K, N, Mg, and Ca) and micronutrients (Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Se, and Zn) are present in the newly discovered floc. Floc had safe low Pb and Ni levels. Plants treated with floc showed superior growth compared to those with commercial liquid fertiliser, confirming nutrient absorbability. Conclusively, this study provides an eco-friendly wastewater treatment method.
Crystal structure of (E)-3-(dimethylamino)-1-(2-hydroxy-4,6-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one, C13H17NO4
Authors: Liang Chun-Bo , Li Wei-Zhong , Xu Lian-Hua , Wang Hua-Bin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
C13H17NO4, monoclinic, Cc (no. 9), a = 11.6900(4) Å, b = 8.4868(2) Å, c = 14.1607(5) Å, β = 112.549(4)°, V = 1297.49(8) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0373, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1071, T = 295.5 K.
Mutual correlations of complexity indices of the crystal structure for the series of mercury-containing minerals
Authors: Banaru Daria A. , Aksenov Sergey M. , Banaru Alexander M. , Oganov Artem R. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The correlations of values of the crystal structure complexity indices were calculated using the major modern approaches (10 indices in total), in particular, those, proposed by Krivovichev, Oganov, the concept of implicit hierarchical depth, as well as, for the comparison, the measure of regularity of (r, R)-system introduced by Blatov. To find the correlations, a series of 33 mercury-containing mineral structures with a non-repeating system of crystallographic positions occupied by atoms without any partial occupancy was used. It was shown that almost all pairs of complexity indices are statistically significantly (p < 0.05) positively or negatively correlated. The discriminating power of the indices for the set of structures was calculated. It is discussed that all the indices can be used to assess the complexity for any series of the crystal structures, but each of them has its particular advantages and limitations.
Gerbang logika X-OR pada pandu gelombang optik single mode y-branching dengan menaruh sebagian bahan tak-linier di dalam cladding
Authors: Mutmainnah Mutmainnah 
Published: March 2024

An Optical Logic X-OR gate in Y-Branching single mode waveguide which nonlinear material superimposed partially in the cladding region was analyzed by means of FD-BPM (Finite Difference Beam Propagation Method). The whole proposed waveguide dimension is 50 x 3900 Âµm and for each fixed parameters such as film width w = 2.0 Âµm, angle Î¸ = 0.2290, film refractive index nf =1.552, cladding refractive index nc=1.550, Î»=0.5145 Âµm, nonlinear coefficient (partially superimposed in the cladding region) a = 6.377x10-12 m2/V2 and propagation constant Î²/k0 =1.55087373.Â Scheme of laser intensities propagation from input channel to the output channel showedÂ that the yield of the opticalÂ logicÂ X-OR gate exhibited the following output powers.Â Â
HUBUNGAN PERSENTASE LEMAK TUBUH DAN AKTIVITAS FISIK DENGAN KEBUGARAN WANITA 26-45 TAHUN
Authors: Pratiwi Adinda Qamara 
Published: March 2024

Kebugaran mempengaruhi produktivitas dan daya tahan tubuh terhadap penyakit serta dapat menentukan kualitas hidup individu. Kebugaran dipengaruhi oleh persentase lemak tubuh dan aktivitas fisik. Persentase lemak tubuh berlebih mengakibatkan kegemukan dan penyaki jantung serta berdampak pada penurunan kebugaran. Aktiivtas fisik yang rendah akan berdampak pada penurunan kebugaran. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan persentase lemak tubuh dan aktivitas fisik dengan kebugaran wanita usia 26-45 tahun. Desain penelitian adalah studi cross sectional. Populasi seluruh wanita usia 26-45 tahun di Kelurahan Bangun Rejo, Kabupaten Lampung Tengah. Subjek terdiri dari 71 sampel yang dipilih dengan simple random sampling. Persentase lemak tubuh diketahui melalui alat Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA). Aktivitas fisik ditentukan dengan wawancara menggunakan kuesioner 2x24 jam PAL (Physical Activity Level). Kebugaran ditentukan dengan uji Harvard Step Test. Analisis bivariat menggunakan uji Spearman untuk mengetahui ada atau tidaknya hubungan antara masing-masing variabel. Hasil penelitian ini, terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara persentase lemak tubuh dengan kebugaran (p = 0.005, r=-0,330) tetapi tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara aktivitas fisik dengan kebugaran (p=0.439, r=0,093).
MRI quantitative assessment of the effects of low-carbohydrate therapy on Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
Authors: Huang Xiao-Shan , Dai Ning , Xu Jian-Xia , Xiang Jun-Yi , Zheng Xiao-Zhong , Ke Tian-Yu , Ma Lin-Ying , Shi Qi-Hao , Fan Shu-Feng 
Published: March 2024

Objective
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is an inflammatory disease, and research suggests that a low-carbohydrate diet may have potential anti-inflammatory effects. This study aims to utilize Dixon-T2-weighted imaging (WI) sequence for a semi-quantitative assessment of the impact of a low-carbohydrate diet on the degree of thyroid inflammation in patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.

Methods
Forty patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis were recruited for this study and randomly divided into two groups: one with a normal diet and the other with a low-carbohydrate diet. Antibodies against thyroid peroxidase (TPOAb) and thyroglobulin (TgAb) were measured for all participants. Additionally, thyroid water content was semi-quantitatively measured using Dixon-T2WI. The same tests and measurements were repeated for all participants after 6 months.

Results
After 6 months of a low-carbohydrate diet, patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis showed a significant reduction in thyroid water content (94.84 ± 1.57% vs 93.07 ± 2.05%, P < 0.05). Concurrently, a decrease was observed in levels of TPOAb and TgAb (TPOAb: 211.30 (92.63–614.62) vs 89.45 (15.9–215.67); TgAb: 17.05 (1.47–81.64) vs 4.1 (0.51–19.42), P < 0.05). In contrast, there were no significant differences in thyroid water content or TPOAb and TgAb levels for patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis following a normal diet after 6 months (P < 0.05).

Conclusion
Dixon-T2WI can quantitatively assess the degree of thyroid inflammation in patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. Following a low-carbohydrate diet intervention, there is a significant reduction in thyroid water content and a decrease in levels of TPOAb and TgAb. These results suggest that a low-carbohydrate diet may help alleviate inflammation in patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.
Results on Extremal Graph Theoretic Questions for Q-Ary Vectors
Authors: Encz Koppány , Marits Márton , Váli Benedek , Weisz Máté 
Published: March 2024

A 𝑞-graph with 𝑒 edges and 𝑛 vertices is defined as an 𝑒 × 𝑛 matrix with entries from {0, … , 𝑞}, such that each row of the matrix (called a 𝑞-edge) contains exactly two nonzero entries. If 𝐻 is a 𝑞-graph, then 𝐻 is said to contain an 𝑠-copy of the ordinary graph 𝐹, if a set 𝑆 of 𝑞-edges can be selected from 𝐻 such that their intersection graph is isomorphic to 𝐹, and for any vertex 𝑣 of 𝑆 and any two incident edges 𝑒, 𝑓 ∈ 𝑆 the sum of the entries of 𝑒 and 𝑓 is at least 𝑠. The extremal number ex(𝑛, 𝐹, 𝑞, 𝑠) is defined as the maximal number of edges in an 𝑛-vertex 𝑞-graph such that it does not contain contain an 𝑠-copy of the forbidden graph 𝐹.In the present paper, we reduce the problem of finding ex(𝑛, 𝐹, 𝑞, 𝑞 + 1) for even 𝑞 to the case 𝑞 = 2, and determine the asymptotics of ex(𝑛, 𝐶2𝑘+1, 𝑞, 𝑞 + 1).
Determination of Antimicrobial and Quorum Sensing Inhibition Potentials of Different Types of Berries from Rize
Authors: Üreyen Esertaş Ülkü Zeynep , Durukan İnci , Kılıç Ali Osman , Ekşi Saliha 
Published: March 2024

Aim of the study: The rapid increase in antibiotic resistance in recent years poses a major threat to public health. Studies indicate that this resistance issue, expressed in alarming numbers, will lead to significant loss of life, particularly in the 2050s. Therefore, various fruits from the Rize province were screened in this study for their antimicrobial and anti-quorum sensing activities.
Area of study: The investigation took place in İkizdere, situated within the northern part of the Black Sea region in Rize, Türkiye.
Material and methods: While antimicrobial activities of the samples were measured by agar well diffusion method, quorum sensing activity was measured with an agar well and spectrophotometer.
Main results: The results of the study show that the Cornus mas plant has potential antimicrobial and quorum sensing properties.
Research highlights: It is thought that it will be important to investigate the different extracts and chemical properties of the Cornus mas plant.
The Determination of Harmful Hymenoptera and Lepidoptera Species in Forest Nurseries in the Western Black Sea Region of Türkiye
Authors: Öztürk Nuray , Yüksel Beşir , Baysal İsmail , Akbulut Süleyman 
Published: March 2024

Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to determine the harmful Hymenoptera and Lepidoptera species in some forest nurseries between 2021 and 2022.
Area of study: The study areas were selected from forest nurseries located in the Western Black Sea Region of Türkiye.
Material and methods: Visual inspections were performed on plants, then larvae and gall samples were collected by hand and photographed on host plants. Gall wasps were reared with the galls and examined by scanning electron microscopy. Collected caterpillars and sawfly larvae samples were placed with the host plant in an insect rearing cage for adult emergence under constant conditions. The oak gall wasp was also identified by molecular methods.
Main results: In this study, four species of Hymenoptera and six species of Lepidoptera were determined. These are Dryocosmus kuriphilus, Diprion pini, Craesus septentrionalis, Hyphantria cunea, Euproctis chrysorrhoea, Calliteara pudibunda, Dioryctria simplicella, Phalera bucephala and Acronicta rumicis. The oak gall wasp was identified as Cynips quercusfolii with 97.87% identity.
Research highlights: Amog these species, C. septentrionalis was new record for the insect fauna of the Western Black Sea Region. In addition, C. pudibunda and P. bucephala were reported for the first time from Kastamonu province
Self-Management Applications For Improving The Productivity Of Adolescence At Risk Of HIV/AIDS
Authors: Herdiman Herdiman , Lindayani Linlin , Darmawati Irma 
Published: March 2024

HIV/AIDS is a global health problem due to difficulty in spread detection. HIV spread is not visible directly, the symptoms will arise in 10-15 years. Adolescence is the period that is predicted as the highest exposure time in HIV. Self-management based on the mobile-phone app could be used to optimize the adolescents’ protection ability in HIV/AIDS. This activity aims to improve adolescent soft skills on using cheap and effective mobile-phone apps to optimize adolescent productivity. Implementation methods are using online learning through video conference, focusing on the use of Self management applications: Smarter time on their activities and overview of HIV/AIDS. The results that they can understand the use of smarter time in time management and daily activity targets. Smarter time can be used as a reminder system. One of the recommended features is the focus mode that allows adolescents to manage the used apps in their mobile phones while being focused on activities without interruption of any other application activities especially social media. Increasing adolescent productivity also can increase positive behavior in leisure time and reduce the risk factors of HIV/AIDS.
Assessment of spatiotemporal variability of bacterial pollution in Darbandikhan Lake and its tributaries in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq
Authors: Ghafur Pshtiwan , Abdulrahman Rozhan 
Published: March 2024

This study was designed to assess the spatiotemporal variability of bacterial pollution in Darbandikhan Lake and its river resources in Iraq's Kurdistan Region. Seasonally, 25 samples (a total of 100 samples year-round) were collected and examined for aerobic plate count (APC), total coliform (TC) and fecal coliform (FC) in all samples. Descriptive statistics for physiochemical and microbiological variables and the Pearson correlation coefficient (r) were performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 and OriginPro 2022b–Correlation Plot. GraphPad Prism v9 was used to determine statistical significance (p < 0.05), one-way ANOVA was used, followed by Tukey's multiple comparison tests. Results indicated positive correlations between microbiological and Al, Cu, EC, Fe, K, Mg, Na, NO3, PO4, SO4, T.Alk, TDS, TH, Turb and Zn in most of seasons at the < 0.01 and < 0.05 significance levels. Furthermore, microbiological characteristics had a strongly positive correlation in all seasons. Water resources are heavily contaminated with coliforms, especially in wet seasons. The inhabitant’s activities, untreated sewage and waste water, disposed waste, and livestock were the main contributors to this pollution, which in turn led to waterborne diseases, particularly diarrhea. Considering the above issues, the government should treat the water resources properly and take the required actions to solve this issue.
Assessment of Side Effects of COVID-19 Vaccine Among General Population attending Kalar COVID-19 Vaccine Centers, Sulaimaniyah, Iraq
Authors: Hama Amin Baxan , Muhammed Omed 
Published: March 2024

Background: The SARS-CoV-2 virus is an extraordinary virus that has become a severe public health problem; the symptoms that usually end in mortality include fever, dry cough, tiredness, shortness of breath, chills and etc.

Objectives: This study examines the potential relationship between sociodemographic factors and the side effects of COVID-19 vaccination.

Patients and Methods: A total of 511 participants were included in this study and were distributed according to their sociodemographic characteristics, including gender, age, marital status, education level, and occupation. Data on vaccination side effects were collected at 24 hours, 72 hours, and one week after vaccination. Statistical analysis was performed to identify significant associations between sociodemographic factors and vaccination side effects.

Results: most patients were aged between (40-65 years), females, married, housewives, illiterate, and lived in an urban area. The study's findings revealed insufficient awareness in >50% of patients. A highly significant correlation between awareness and the level of education has been founded and also a significant association with age, gender, and profession was found. At the same time, marital status and residency didn't affect the awareness.

Conclusions: This study highlights the importance of considering sociodemographic factors in assessing COVID-19 vaccine side effects. The findings show that occupation and gender may significantly predict vaccine side effects and should be considered when evaluating vaccine safety and efficacy.
Assessment of knowledge and attitude of dental undergraduates students towards CBCT- From students perspective, a cross sectional questionnaire study
Authors: Kiresur Surayya , Shetti Arvind , Patil Namrata , Naik Zameera , Thirupathi Jayapriya , Keluskar Vaishali 
Published: March 2024

Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is a three-dimensional dento maxillofacial imaging modality, Where the volumetric data is recorded by rotating the beam and detector around the desired region of interest. The main advantages of CBCT are, its compact size, lower radiation dose, and faster scanning time. Given the increasing availability of CBCT in dental practice and the importance of dental students accessing new technologies, this study assesses knowledge and attitude regarding CBCT among UGs and interns. This was a cross-sectional questionnaire study conducted among the dental undergraduate and interns. Student demographics and data about their knowledge and attitude towards CBCT were collected. The responses obtained were statistically analysed using descriptive statistics and the chi-square test. There were 78% of female participants among fourth year undergraduates and 64 % female participants among interns. (50.8%) of fourth year undergraduate and (71.4%) interns accepted that CBCT is precise than OPG in detecting orofacial pathologies. (45.5%) of fourth year undergraduates and (54.4%) of interns specified that they would use CBCT in the future. (37.1%) of fourth year undergraduates and (62.9%) of interns acquired knowledge about CBCT through a seminar, while (48%) of fourth year undergraduates and (52%) of interns learned from faculty lecture classes. This study emphasised on students' knowledge of CBCT application in dentistry and their perception of CBCT's potential value in future general dentistry practice. Results of the study revealed that dental students had an average knowledge and positive attitude towards CBCT. It is recommended to engage students in educational programmes concerning theoretical knowledge and practical aspects of CBCT. This could promote better knowledge and attitude among dental undergraduates.
Violência contra as mulheres no estado de Pernambuco – Brasil: perfil das agredidas e características das ocorrências notificadas entre 2015 e 2019
Authors: Santana da Silva Santos Mychelson , De Lima Martelli Petrônio José , Cardoso Lyra da Fonseca Jorge Luiz 
Published: March 2024

Objetivo: Descrever as características epidemiológicas das notificações das mulheres que sofreram violências, residentes em Pernambuco, no período 2014 a 2019. Métodos: Estudo epidemiológico, transversal, com dados das notificações do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação. Resultado: Identificamos 31.439 casos. Predominaram mulheres na faixa etária dos 10 a 29 anos (16.730), raça/cor parda (20.384). As solteiras foram as que mais sofreram violências (14.405). A zona urbana (26.005) foi a mais frequente. Quanto ao local de ocorrência, predominou a residência (19.013). No que diz respeito à natureza das violências, os maiores registros foram física (19.049), psicológica (9.609) e sexual (4.983). A força corporal/espancamento alcançou (13.662). Os parceiros íntimos foram os autores mais prováveis (9.964), frequentemente do sexo masculino (17.879). Conclusão: Por meio da notificação completa e adequada é possível conhecer o perfil da violência, identificar os fatores de risco e realizar um planejamento estratégico, tendo em vista a prevenção e assistência de qualidade às mulheres que sofrem violência.

Palavras-chave: Violência Contra a Mulher; Notificação; Sistemas de Informações em Saúde; Epidemiologia.
The role of multiple directorships in minimizing idiosyncratic risk due to the presence of large shareholders: Evidence from Indonesian companies
Authors: My Ani Siska , Utama Cynthia Afriani , Lubis Arief Wibisono 
Published: March 2024

This study aims to evaluate the role of multiple directorships in the relationship between large shareholders and idiosyncratic risk in Indonesian companies for 2017-2021. The study model included dynamic panel data for estimation and a two-step GMM system to address endogeneity issues. Multiple directorships and long-term shareholders have low-frequency data whereas idiosyncratic risk is associated with high-frequency data. The robustness test employed the Fama-Frenchhee factor model while the single factor model was used to evaluate idiosyncratic risk. Indonesia adheres to a two-tier system that separates the roles and functions of the board of directors and the board of commissioners. Furthermore, the concentrated ownership structure of Indonesian companies can cause agency problems between large and small shareholders. The study results show that large shareholders can strengthen the relationships of busy directors to reduce idiosyncratic risk. As a result, this research recommends increasing the role of multiple directorships in monitoring and predicting business conditions internally and externally to minimize interference from large shareholders which can cause expropriation due to agency problems.