bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A method of applying deep learning based optical flow algorithm to river flow discharge measurement
Authors: Wang Jianping , Liu Xiaopeng , Ouyang Xin , Zhang Guo , Zhang Ya 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
River flow discharge monitoring is one of the critical tasks performed at hydrological stations. The large-scale particle image velocimetry (LSPIV) method widely used in hydrological stations is often limited by a lack of floating objects and has a high computational complexity. The space-time image velocimetry method is susceptible to noise interference and requires high stability of the flow over time. This paper proposes a flow measurement method based on the recurrent all-pairs field transforms for optical flow (RAFT) algorithm. The 4D correlation volume pyramid in the RAFT network structure can effectively handle changing and complex flow conditions. The convolutional block attention module is introduced into the optical flow update module after the 4D correlation volume pyramid, enhancing the ability to capture complex flow surface information. Additionally, feature extraction adds deformable convolution to expand the receptive field of the flow image, which has better adaptability in non-rigid motion. To validate the effectiveness of the new method (RAFT-D-C), this paper conducts comparative experiments with both existing and new methods. The experimental results show that RAFT-D-C has relative errors of 2.13% and 4.41% for the average flow velocity of two rivers and relative errors of 2.19% and 3.05% for the total discharge, respectively. RAFT-D-C provides improved accuracy compared to other methods and requires less computational run time than the frequently used LSPIV method.
Improving the environmental temperature adaptability of an electric temperature measurement subsystem by matching temperature coefficients of substitutable resistors
Authors: Gu Lingyun , Chen Houyuan , Ling Chen , Sun Zening , Li Zhu , Ding Yanwei 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The electrical temperature measurement subsystem in space gravitational wave detectors requires micro-Kelvin precision in the submillihertz band. However, the low-frequency stability of the measurement circuit, excluding the sensor, is susceptible to environmental temperature fluctuations, closely related to the residual temperature coefficient of the circuit. This paper proposes a method to minimize the residual temperature coefficient for a thermistor-based temperature measurement , enabling the circuit to be mounted on surfaces with less stringent thermal stability requirements. Through extensive testing of resistors with the same nominal resistance, a best-matched pair is selected to compensate for the residual temperature coefficient by replacing two gain resistors in the low-pass filter. Our assessment demonstrates that this matching and replacement process reduces the residual temperature coefficient of the circuit from −0.135 mV K−1 to −0.027 mV K−1, resulting in a significant five-fold improvement in the subsystem’s adaptability to environmental temperatures within the specified frequency band. This method contributes to the development of measurement subsystems that meet stringent stability requirements.
A Lamb-wave based SHM for multi-damage localizations in large composite plates by using piezoelectric transducer array
Authors: Chen Chung-De , Shen Yu-Jie , Chou Ping-Yi , Wang Po-Hao 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this paper, a Lamb-wave based structural health monitoring for multi-damage localizations in large composite plates is presented. The Lamb waves are generated and received by piezoelectric transducers, which are arranged in array on the composite plate. In the experiments, three composite plates with various laminate stacking sequences and taper designs were prepared. The damages were created on the specimens by impact testing. In each specimen, 24 piezoelectric transducers were utilized and mounted on the specimen surface. This study proposed an algorithm to identify the damage localizations. The transducer layout is classified by 10 subsets. In each subset, the wave propagation paths can be grouped into path groups pivoted by actuators and that by sensors. Based on the damage index, the mean angle line for each path group in a subset can be obtained. By assuming that the mean angle line passes through the actual damage, the damage localization can be achieved if there exist more than two mean angle lines in one subset. In this study, two exclusion rules are proposed to exclude a path group from the damage localization calculations. The damage localization results show that, for a composite plate with multiple damages, their locations can be identified by using multiple subsets. The damage localization results show that the damage location can be accurately predicted for the case that a damage exists in the interior of a subset. The experiment results also show that the Lamb wave characteristics and the localization results are not affected by the thickness variation of the plate, indicating that the proposed algorithm is available for tapered composite plate.
A metasurface structure-assisted terahertz negative curvature fiber
Authors: Xu Lei-Lei , Yan De-Xian , Li Xiang-Jun , Zhang Le , Li Ji-Ning 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Negative curvature fibers have the benefits of high bandwidth, low loss, and provide higher transmission performances. Birefringence of the fiber is particularly important, with potential application value in communication, imaging and other fields. In this paper, a metasurface structure-assisted terahertz negative curvature fiber is designed to improve the birefringence characteristic. This work breaks through the conditional design ideas, and theoretically analyzes the effect of adding gold microstructures in the cladding structures on the transmission characteristics of negative curvature fibers. The investigation results show that the birefringence of the designed fiber exhibits a significant increase in most frequency range between 1.75–2.4 THz compared to the results before adding gold microstructures. The maximum birefringence reaches as high as 0.00216 when the frequency is 2.175 THz and θ is 90°. Compared to the original frequency, the birefringence has increased by nearly an order of magnitude. The highest birefringence has been increased to 3.5 times. In addition, the influences of the gold microstructures on the confinement loss, waveguide dispersion, and effective mode field area are also investigated. This fiber provides a reference for the design of high birefringence terahertz fibers in the future.
Influence of electric field on moisture-absorbing characteristics at the FRP/RPUF interface: experimental study and molecular dynamics simulation
Authors: Xie Jun , Liu Ziqian , Zhang Yupeng , Tian Haonan , Chen Ke , Xie Qing , Lü Fangcheng , Cheng Li 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The interface between fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) and rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) is a crucial component of composite cross-arm, not only operating within high electric field environments but also vulnerable to water-induced deterioration. In this paper, the moisture-absorbing characteristics and aging mechanism at the FRP/RPUF interface under the influence of an electric field were investigated through accelerated aging experiments, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, reactive force filed (ReaxFF) simulations and Density Functional Theory (DFT) analysis. The results indicated that the moisture-absorbing characteristics of the FRP/RPUF system could be divided into two stages: Stage I, dominated by free diffusion, and Stage II, dominated by physical absorption. In Stage I, the electric field inhibited the diffusion behavior of water molecules by affecting the mean square displacement (MSD) of water molecules and the free volume of the FRP/RPUF system. During Stage II, the intrusion of water deepened the aging degree of the system, resulting in the emergence of a large number of free volumes and noticeable channels for water transport at the interface. The electric field enhanced the chemical reaction activity of epoxy resin and polyurethane by influencing their frontier molecular orbital energy, thereby promoting the occurrence of hydrolysis reactions. This intensified the physical moisture absorption process, ultimately promoting the Stage II process.
An in-depth look at the structural, electronic, optical, and thermal properties of the cubic Be
x
Mg
y
Zn1−x−y
O quaternary alloys
Authors: Seksak Y , Moussa R , Boudjelal M , Khenata R , Abdiche A , Ahmed W K , Khandy Shakeel Ahmad , Bouhemadou A , Bin-Omran S 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In the present research work, the structural, electrical, optical, and thermodynamic properties of the BexMgyZn1−x-yO quaternary alloy were investigated. Its conventional structure, which is composed of the binary compounds ZnO, BeO, and MgO, and their ordered ternary alloys BexZn1−xO, BexMg1−xO, and MgxZn1−xO are examined. A non-linear variation of lattice constants (a) and bulk modulus (B) as a function of the compositions (x, y) in BexMgyZn1−x-yO alloys is observed due to varying atomic radii of the constituent elements leading to the structural distortion against compositional changes. Both the ternary and quaternary alloys exhibit semiconducting properties, characterized by a direct bandgap ranging from 2–4 eV. This indicates their absorption and emission of light in the visible region of the spectrum, making them promising candidates for optoelectronic applications. The results of optical characteristics display the variation of refractive index and absorption coefficient of these alloys with respect to composition and wavelength. Present results will forecast the possible applications and guidelines for synthesizing such alloys under extreme conditions.
Spherically symmetric wormhole solutions admitting Karmarkar condition
Authors: Gul M Zeeshan , Sharif M 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This paper investigated the viable traversable wormhole solutions through Karmarkar condition in the context of

f
(
G
,
T
)

theory. A static spherical spacetime with anisotropic matter configuration is used to study the wormhole geometry. Karmarkar condition is used to develop a viable shape function for a static wormhole structure. A wormhole geometry is constructed using the resulting shape function that satisfies all the required conditions and connects the asymptotically flat regions of the spacetime. To assess the viability of traversable wormhole geometries, the energy conditions are analyzed by various models of this theory. Further, their stable state is investigated through sound speed and adiabatic index. This investigation demonstrates the presence of viable traversable wormhole solutions in the modified theory.
A low-power artificial spiking neuron based on ionic memristor for modulated frequency coding
Authors: Liu Yulin , Wang Wei , He Shang , Liu Huiyuan , Chen Qilai , Li Gang , Duan Jipeng , Liu Yanchao , He Lei , Xiao Yongguang , Yan Shaoan , Zhu Xiaojian , Li Run-Wei , Tang Minghua 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Neurons encode information through firing spikes with rich spatiotemporal dynamics. Using artificial neuron hardware based on memristors to emulate neuronal firing is of great significance for advancing the development of brain-like computing and artificial intelligence. However, it is still challenging to achieve low power frequency coding in memristive artificial neurons. Here, a low-power ionic memristor based on Pt/HfO2/Ag is reported for artificial spiking neurons. The device is driven by a low bias current and the filament dynamically ruptures and forms, producing oscillated voltage spikes that resemble neuronal spikes. The oscillation frequency increases from 0.5 Hz to ∼2.18 Hz with the stimulation current increasing from 1 nA to 5 nA, enabling the emulation of neuronal frequency-coding function. The low power consumption of ∼70 pJ per pulse indicates that the device is promising for energy-efficient neuromorphic computing applications. In addition, the device is found to be capable of simulating the phasic,adaptive, and burst firing modes of neurons.
decay process within the QCDSR approach*
Authors: Chen 陈 Yu 宇 , Fu 付 Hai-Bing 海冰 , Zhong 钟 Tao 涛 , Wu 吴 Sheng-Bo 胜波 , Huang 黄 Dong 冬 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the charmed meson rare decay process

using an approach based on QCD sum rules. First, the pion twist-2, 3 distribution amplitude (DA) moments

and

are calculated up to the tenth and fourth orders, respectively, in the QCD sum rules according to the background field theory. After constructing the light-cone harmonic oscillator model for the pion twist-2, 3 DAs, we obtain their behaviors by matching the calculated ξ-moments. Then, the

transition form factors (TFFs) are calculated using an approach based on QCD light-cone sum rules. The vector form factor at the large recoil region is

. Using the rapidly converging simplified series expansion of

, we present the TFFs and corresponding angular coefficients in the whole squared momentum transfer physical region. Based on non-standard neutrino interactions, the

decay can be related to the

decay indirectly. Thus, we first describe the semileptonic decay process

, differential decay widths, and branching fraction with

. The

differential/total predictions for forward-backward asymmetry,

-differential flat terms, and lepton polarization asymmetry are also reported. The prediction for the

branching fraction is

.
Effective rationality for local unitary invariants of mixed states of two qubits
Authors: Candelori Luca , Chernyak Vladimir Y , Klein John R , Rekuski Nick 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We calculate the field of rational local unitary invariants for mixed states of two qubits, by employing methods from algebraic geometry. We prove that this field is rational (i.e. purely transcendental), and that it is generated by nine algebraically independent polynomial invariants. We do so by constructing a relative section, in the sense of invariant theory, whose Weyl group is a finite abelian group. From this construction, we are able to give explicit expressions for the generating invariants in terms of the Bloch matrix representation of mixed states of two qubits. We also prove similar rationality results for the local unitary invariants of symmetrically mixed states of two qubits. We also provide a sketch of how to generalize our results to the case of an arbitrary number of qubits. Our results apply to both complex-valued and real-valued invariants.
A proposal to characterize and quantify superoscillations
Authors: Li Yu , Polo-Gómez José , Martín-Martínez Eduardo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We present a formal definition of superoscillating function. We discuss the limitations of previously proposed definitions and illustrate that they do not cover the full gamut of superoscillatory behaviors. We demonstrate the suitability of the new proposal with several examples of well-known superoscillating functions that were not encompassed by previous definitions.
The Natural History of Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacterales: Progression From Carriage of Various Carbapenemases to Bloodstream Infection
Authors: Temkin Elizabeth , Solter Ester , Lugassy Carmela , Chen Dafna , Cohen Adi , Schwaber Mitchell J , Carmeli Yehuda ,   CPE Working Group, Brosh-Nissimov Tal , Katz Maya , Sorek Nadav , Sabateen Ali , Rubinovitch Bina , Shaaban Rana Shbita , Shor Zhanna , Hershman-Sarafov Mirit , Boumard Tamar , Najjar-Debbiny Ronza , Weber Gabriel , Bendahan Tal , Favor Ayelet , Gross Ilana , Hen Jana , Michael-Gayego Ayelet , Oster Yonatan , Ottolenghi Miriam , Reichman Nechamat , Ronen Naama , Shilo Nehama , Temper Violeta , Chazan Bibiana , Abraham Iris Grinberg , Cohen Regev , Bardenstein Rita , Ciobotaro Pnina , Oved Maly , Klorfeld Hadar , Shitrit Pnina , Yassin Alia , Nutman Amir , Schechner Vered , Aboalhega Worood , Hussein Khetam , Pollak Dina , Warman Sigal , Mor Meirav , Rozenfeld Sigalit , Assous Marc , Benenson Shmuel , Bier Liora , Kopuit Puah , Jaraisy Ameen , Nimri Nili , Hanna Jalal Abu , Stepansky Sarit , Ben-David Debby , Cohen Yael , Schwartz Orna 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Little is known about the risk of progression from carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) carriage to CPE bloodstream infection (BSI) outside of high-risk settings. We aimed to determine the incidence of CPE BSI among CPE carriers and to assess whether the incidence differs by carbapenemase, species, and setting.

Methods
We conducted a nationwide population-based retrospective cohort study using national databases. The cohort consisted of all patients in Israel with CPE detected by screening from 1 January 2020 to 10 October 2022. We calculated the cumulative incidence of CPE BSI within 1 year among CPE carriers. We used a competing-risks model with BSI as the outcome and death as the competing risk.

Results
The study included 6828 CPE carriers. The cumulative incidence of CPE BSI was 2.4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.1–2.8). Compared with Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC), the subhazard of BSI was lower for New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM) (adjusted subhazard ratio [aSHR], 0.72; 95% CI, .49–1.05) and oxacillinase-48-like (OXA-48-like) (aSHR, 0.60; 95% CI, .32–1.12) but these differences did not reach statistical significance. Compared with K. pneumoniae, the subhazard of BSI was lower for carriers of carbapenemase-producing Escherichia coli (aSHR, 0.33; 95% CI, .21–.52). The subhazard of BSI was higher among patients with CPE carriage first detected in intensive care units (aSHR, 2.10; 95% CI, 1.27–3.49) or oncology/hematology wards (aSHR, 3.95; 95% CI, 2.51–6.22) compared with medical wards.

Conclusions
The risk of CPE BSI among CPE carriers is lower than previously reported in studies that focused on high-risk patients and settings. The risk of BSI differs significantly by bacterial species and setting, but not by carbapenemase.
Switching from immediate- to extended-release cysteamine in patients with nephropathic cystinosis: from clinical trials to clinical practice
Authors: Ariceta Gema , Santos Fernando , López Muñiz Andrés , Hermida Alvaro , Matoses Maria Luisa , Ventura Ana , Martin-Moreno Paloma Leticia , González Esther , Acuña Laura , Giner Elisa , Vara Julia 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Background
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of switching from immediate-release (IR) to extended-release (ER) cysteamine in patients with nephropathic cystinosis (NC) in Spain.

Methods
We conducted an observational, retrospective, multicentre study in NC patients who received IR cysteamine for at least 12 months, switched to ER cysteamine, and received it for at least 6 months before inclusion.

Results
Data were collected from nine patients (four children, five adults) 36 months before and after the switch. Despite the highly selected population, an improvement in growth, particularly in children and a significant reduction in hospitalization days was observed. A decrease in halitosis, body odour and gastrointestinal effects was reported in most of the patients who suffered before the switch, and the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) decreased in some patients. The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) remained stable in patients with preserved kidney function. No significant changes in white blood cell (WBC) cystine levels were observed after the switch. There was no significant difference in the cysteamine dose received. However, some patients were receiving &lt;50% of the recommended dose of cysteamine before and after the switch and showed elevated levels of WBC cystine.

Conclusions
Switching from IR to ER cysteamine in clinical practice reduces hospital stays, improves nutritional status and growth in paediatric patients and could help to enhance treatment tolerability by reducing side effects. Furthermore, the dosing of ER cysteamine could promote therapeutic compliance and positively affect the quality of life of the NC population.
Color Patterns And Enhanced Texture Learning For Detecting Computer-Generated Images
Authors: Xu Qiang , Xu Dongmei , Wang Hao , Yuan Jianye , Wang Zhe 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Detection of computer-generated (CG) images can reveal the authenticity and originality of digital images. However, recent cutting-edge image generation methods make it very difficult to distinguish CG images from natural photographs. In this paper, a novel method based on color patterns and enhanced texture learning is proposed to tackle this problem. We designed and implemented the backbone network with a separation-fusion learning strategy by constructing a multi-branch neural network. The luminance and chrominance patterns in dual-color spaces (RGB and YCbCr) are leveraged to achieve a robust representation of image differences. A channel-spatial attention module and a global texture enhancement module are also integrated into a backbone network to enhance the learning of inherent traces. Experiments on several commonly used benchmark datasets and a newly constructed dataset with more realistic and diverse images demonstrate that the proposed algorithm outperforms state-of-the-art competitors by a large margin.
Parents as Partners: Exploring the Experiences of Teachers of Students with Disabilities
Authors: Chase Bethany L 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act of 1990 (reauthorized in 2004 as the Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act) mandates that teachers include parents and guardians as partners in their child’s education. Although these partnerships have been shown to help parents and teachers alike, they can also be experienced negatively by both parties, resulting in diminished outcomes for students, stress and frustration for parents, and burnout for teachers. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the experiences of teachers of students with disabilities when partnering with their students’ parents. After conducting 10 semistructured interviews and using thematic analysis to analyze the data, author identified the following four themes: (1) yearning to be trusted, (2) embracing the paradox (“you can't take it personally”), (3) striving to access empathy, and (4) lacking training and support (“desperate for help”). Findings from this study indicate that teachers desire connection and collaboration with their students’ parents but require more professional development and overall support to do so consistently and effectively. The article provides recommendations for specific areas where professional development may be particularly useful in repairing roadblocks to positive teacher and parent collaboration.