Patients Living With Arterial Hypertension in Mexico: First Insights of The Mexican Registry of Arterial Hypertension (RIHTA Study)
Authors: Palomo-Piñón Silvia , Antonio-Villa Neftali Eduardo , García-Cortés Luis Rey , Moreno-Noguez Moises , Alcocer Luis , Álvarez-López Humberto , Cardona-Muñoz Ernesto G , Chávez-Mendoza Adolfo , Díaz-Díaz Enrique , Enciso-Muñoz José Manuel , Galván-Oseguera Héctor , Rosas-Peralta Martín ,   Mexican Group of Experts on Arterial Hypertension, Palomo-Piñón Silvia , Antonio-Villa Neftali Eduardo , García-Cortés Luis Rey , Alcocer Luis , Álvarez López Humberto , Cardona-Muñoz Ernesto G , Chávez-Mendoza Adolfo , Díaz-Díaz Enrique , Galván-Oseguera Héctor , Rosas-Peralta Martin , Moreno-Noguez Moises , de los Ángeles Dichi Romero Maria , Vargas Gutiérrez Pedro Luis , Figueroa Suárez Maria Eugenia , Rios Morales Rubén , Vargas Hernández Francisco , García Padilla Irma Fabiola , Zempoalteca Morales Alfonso , Herrera Olvera Imer Guillermo , Mendoza López Gloria , Guerrero Morales Ana Laura , López Delgado María Elisa , Gonzales Ramírez Ana Lilia , Cruz Toledo Jairo Enoc , Reyes Jiménez Olivia , Amaya Mora Diana , Pérez Zamora Isaac , Nava Ayala Flor Araceli , Anguiano Velázquez Tabata Gabriela , Jiménez Jalpa Oscar , Cruz Arce Ma Adriana , González Coronado Vidal José 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Arterial hypertension is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in Mexico. However, there is limited evidence to understand blood pressure management and cardiometabolic profiles. Here, we aim to assess the prevalence of controlled and uncontrolled blood pressure, as well as the prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors among patients from the Mexican Registry of Arterial Hypertension (RIHTA).

METHODS
We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of participants living with arterial hypertension registered on RIHTA between December 2021 and April 2023. We used both the 2017 ACC/AHA and 2018 ESC/ESH thresholds to define controlled and uncontrolled arterial hypertension. We considered eleven cardiometabolic risk factors, which include overweight, obesity, central obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL-C, high LDL-C, low-eGFR, and high cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.

RESULTS
In a sample of 5,590 participants (female: 61%, n = 3,393; median age: 64 [IQR: 56–72] years), the prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension varied significantly, depending on the definition (2017 ACC/AHA: 59.9%, 95% CI: 58.6–61.2 and 2018 ESC/ESH: 20.1%, 95% CI: 19.0–21.2). In the sample, 40.43% exhibited at least 5–6 risk factors, and 32.4% had 3–4 risk factors, chiefly abdominal obesity (83.4%, 95% CI: 82.4–84.4), high LDL-C (59.6%, 95% CI: 58.3–60.9), high CVD risk (57.9%, 95% CI: 56.6–59.2), high triglycerides (56.2%, 95% CI: 54.9–57.5), and low HDL-C (42.2%, 95% CI: 40.9–43.5).

CONCLUSIONS
There is a high prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension interlinked with a high burden of cardiometabolic comorbidities in Mexican adults living with arterial hypertension, underscoring the urgent need for targeted interventions and better healthcare policies to reduce the burden of the disease in our country.