bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Germline assessment for alloHSCT candidates over 50 years: A ‘Fast‐Track’ screening in myeloid neoplasms
Authors: Torres‐Esquius Sara , Beas Francisco , Chen‐Liang Tzu Hua , Pomares Helena , Santiago Marta , Varela Nicolás Díaz , Liquori Alessandro , Hernandez Francisca , Xicoy Blanca , Hermosín Lourdes , Arnan Montserrat , Tazón‐Vega Bárbara , Blanco Adoración , Cervera José , Diez‐Campelo María , Lozano María Luisa , Valcárcel David , Bosch Francesc , Montoro Maria Julia , Jerez Andrés ,   the GESMD centres
Published: April 2024

SummaryPatients aged 50 or above diagnosed with myeloid neoplasms (MNs) are typically not candidates for germline testing. However, approximately 8% carry pathogenic germline variants. Allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT) remains an option for those aged over 50; neglecting germline testing could mask the risk for relative donor cell‐derived MN. We propose a germline‐augmented somatic panel (GASP), combining MN predisposition genes with a myeloid somatic panel for timely germline variant identification when initial testing is not indicated. Out of our 133 whole‐exome‐sequenced MN cases aged over 50 years, 9% had pathogenic/likely variants. GASP detected 92%, compared to 50% with somatic‐only panel. Our study highlights the relevance of germline screening in MN, particularly for alloHSCT candidates without established germline‐testing recommendations.
Unemployment volatility in a generalized staggered Nash wage bargaining framework
Authors: Kara Engin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMicro evidence on wages suggests that there is heterogeneity across wage contract durations. While, on average, wages are sticky, a non‐negligible proportion of wages are flexible. I generalize the Gertler and Trigari model to match this heterogeneity and show that the new model closely matches observed unemployment volatility. This finding deviates from the literature proposing an alternative calibration of the standard model and arguing that large unemployment fluctuations require a small surplus from an employment relationship. However, in the multi‐sector model I present, unemployment volatility arises even with the standard calibration, where the surplus is relatively large.
Efficacy and biomarker analysis of second‐line nab‐paclitaxel plus sintilimab in patients with advanced biliary tract cancer
Authors: Li Xiaofen , Zhou Nan , Yang Yu , Lu Zijian , Gou Hongfeng 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBiliary tract cancer (BTC) is a highly aggressive malignancy with limited second‐line therapy. We conducted this phase 2 trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of second‐line nab‐paclitaxel plus sintilimab in advanced BTC. Histologically confirmed advanced BTC patients with documented disease progression after first‐line chemotherapy were enrolled. Subjects received nab‐paclitaxel 125 mg/m2 on days 1 and 8 plus sintilimab 200 mg on day 1, administered every 3 weeks. The primary end point was the objective response rate (ORR). The secondary end points were progression‐free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and adverse reactions. Simultaneously, next‐generation sequencing, programmed cell death ligand 1 immunohistochemistry and multiplex immunofluorescence of tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes were applied to explore potential biomarkers. Twenty‐six subjects were consecutively enrolled. The ORR was 26.9% (7/26), including two complete responses and five partial responses, which met the primary end point. The disease control rate was 61.5% (16/26). The median PFS was 169 days (about 5.6 months, 95% confidence interval [CI] 60–278 days). The median OS was 442 days (about 14.7 months, 95% CI 298–586 days). Grade 3 treatment‐related adverse events (TRAEs) were mainly anemia (27%), leukopenia (23%), neutropenia (19%), and peripheral sensory neuropathy (8%). No grade 4 or 5 TRAEs occurred. Biomarker analysis suggested that positive PD‐L1 and high proportions of CD8+ T‐cell infiltration were correlated with improved clinical outcome. Nab‐paclitaxel plus sintilimab is a potentially effective and tolerable second‐line regimen for advanced BTC that deserves to be studied in large‐scale trials. PD‐L1 status and CD8+ T cell infiltration might be promising biomarkers for efficacy prediction.
Positive effects of fragmentation per se on the most iconic metapopulation
Authors: Galán‐Acedo Carmen , Fahrig Lenore , Riva Federico , Schulz Torsti 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWhile habitat loss is a major threat to species, the effects of habitat fragmentation independent of habitat loss (fragmentation per se) are debated. Metapopulation studies often assert negative fragmentation effects, but they do not measure fragmentation per se. We evaluate the effects of fragmentation per se (patch density) across 20 years of patch occupancy patterns of the Åland Islands Glanville fritillary butterfly, Finland, a famous model system in metapopulation studies. Fragmentation per se had mainly positive effects on patch occupancy, the proportion of years occupied per patch, and patch colonization, and negative effects on patch extinction. These results suggest that fragmentation per se does not threaten persistence of the Åland Islands Glanville fritillary butterfly. Our results support the growing body of research challenging the paradigm that habitat fragmentation per se is mostly negative for species, highlighting the value of small patches for species conservation.
Identification of diagnostic biomarkers used in the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus: A systematic review of quantitative studies
Authors: Wilson Megan , Al‐Hamid Abdullah , Abbas Ismail , Birkett Jason , Khan Iftikhar , Harper Matthew , Al‐Jumeily OBE Dhiya , Assi Sulaf 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimsTo perform a systematic review of studies that sought to identify diagnostic biomarkers for the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and diabetes mellitus (DM), which could be used in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs) where there is a lack of diagnostic equipment, treatments and training.Materials and MethodsPapers were sourced from six databases: the British Nursing Index, Google Scholar, PubMed, Sage, Science Direct and Scopus. Articles published between January 2002 and January 2023 were systematically reviewed by three reviewers and appropriate search terms and inclusion/exclusion criteria were applied.ResultsA total of 18 studies were yielded, as well as 234 diagnostic biomarkers (74 for CVD and 160 for DM). Primary biomarkers for the diagnosis of CVDs included growth differentiation factor 15 and neurogenic locus notch homologue protein 1 (Notch1). For the diagnosis of DM, alpha‐2‐macroglobulin, C‐peptides, isoleucine, glucose, tyrosine, linoleic acid and valine were frequently reported across the included studies. Advanced analytical techniques, such as liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays and vibrational spectroscopy, were also repeatedly reported in the included studies and were utilized in combination with traditional and alternative matrices such as fingernails, hair and saliva.ConclusionsWhile advanced analytical techniques are expensive, laboratories in LMICs should carry out a cost–benefit analysis of their use. Alternatively, laboratories may want to explore emerging techniques such as infrared, Fourier transform‐infrared and near‐infrared spectroscopy, which allow sensitive noninvasive analysis.
Association between sleep traits and sarcopenia‐related traits: A two‐sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Ye Ruifan , Pan Jiajia , Hu Xinying , Xie Jinxiao , Li Pengfei 
Published: April 2024

AimDespite limited evidence regarding the impact of sleep quality on sarcopenia, it is widely recognized as being associated with various diseases. This study aimed to explore the causal relationship between sleep traits and sarcopenia‐related traits.MethodsThis study utilized a two‐sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis. Genetic genome‐wide summary data of sleep quality indicators, including chronotype, morning wake‐up time, sleep duration, daytime napping, insomnia and daytime dozing, were used. Data on sarcopenia‐related traits, such as appendicular lean mass, grip strength of both hands, walking pace and waist circumference, were collected from a large cohort study. The primary method used was the inverse‐variance weighted analysis.ResultsA causal association was found between chronotype and appendicular lean mass (odds ratio [OR] 1.019, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.016–1.211, P = 0.021). Napping during the day was connected with walking pace (OR 0.879, 95% CI 0.834–0.928, P = 2.289 × 10−6) and waist circumference (OR 1.234, 95% CI 1.081–1.408, P = 0.002). Insomnia was related to lower grip strength of the right hand (OR 0.844, 95% CI 0.747–0.954, P = 0.007), left hand (OR 0.836, 95% CI 0.742–0.943, P = 0.003), as well as walking pace (OR 0.871, 95% CI 0.798–0.951, P = 0.002). Furthermore, the reverse Mendelian randomization analysis showed associations between certain sarcopenia‐related traits and poor sleep quality.ConclusionsSome sleep traits were associated with the occurrence of sarcopenia. These findings emphasized the significance of prioritizing sleep quality as a preventive measure against sarcopenia. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 537–545.
Unravelling CD4+ T cell diversity and tissue adaptation of Tregs in abdominal aortic aneurysms through single‐cell sequencing
Authors: Zhai Luna , Hu Wangling , Li Jingyong , Li Dan , Xia Ni , Tang Tingting , Nie Shaofang , Zhang Min , Jiao Jiao , Lv Bingjie , Yang Fen , Lu Yuzhi , Zha Lingfeng , Gu Muyang , Hu Xiajun , Wen Shuang , Hu Desheng , Zhang Li , Wang Weimin , Cheng Xiang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractImmune cell infiltration is a significant pathological process in abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). T cells, particularly CD4+ T cells, are essential immune cells responsible for substantial infiltration of the aorta. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) in AAA have been identified as tissue‐specific; however, the time, location, and mechanism of acquiring the tissue‐specific phenotype are still unknown. Using single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) on CD4+ T cells from the AAA aorta and spleen, we discovered heterogeneity among CD4+ T cells and identified activated, proliferating and developed aorta Tregs. These Tregs originate in the peripheral tissues and acquire the tissue‐specific phenotype in the aorta. The identification of precursors for Tregs in AAA provides new insight into the pathogenesis of AAA.
Gluteal femoral subcutaneous and dermal adipose tissue in female
Authors: Conti Giamaica , Zingaretti Nicola , Busato Alice , Quintero Sierra Lindsey , Amuso Domenico , Scarano Antonio , Iorio Eugenio Luigi , Amore Roberto , Ossanna Riccardo , Negri Alessandro , Conti Anita , Veronese Sheila , De Francesco Francesco , Riccio Michele , Parodi Pier Camillo , Sbarbati Andrea 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundDuring the sexual maturation, gluteal femoral adipose tissue is subjected to numerous modifications, not observable in other regions, in particular in women and less in men. Other authors described this region, but they used imaging techniques having lower resolution, than MRI proposed in this study. High resolution imaging techniques might provide important and more detailed information about the anatomy of gluteal femoral region.MethodsThis study has been performed using 7 T‐magnetic resonance imaging and ultrastructural analysis in order to provide accurate description of the subcutaneous adipose tissue and dermis of gluteal femoral region. In this study specimens harvested from cadavers and form living patients have been analyzed.ResultsThe results showed the presence of three layers: superficial, middle, and deep, characterized by different organization of fat lobules. High resolution imaging showed the adipose papilla that originates from dermis and protrude in subcutaneous adipose tissue. Adipose papilla is characterized by a peculiar morphology with a basement, a neck and a head and these elements represent the functional subunits of adipose papilla. Moreover, ultrastructural study evidenced the relationship between adipocytes and sweat glands, regulated by lipid vesicles.ConclusionsThis study provides important information about subcutaneous and dermal fat anatomy of gluteal femoral region, improving the past knowledge, and move toward a better understanding of the cellulite physiopathology.
Rent or Buy? Inflation Experiences and Homeownership within and across Countries
Authors: MALMENDIER ULRIKE , WELLSJO ALEXANDRA STEINY 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACTWe show that past inflation experiences strongly predict homeownership within and across countries. First, we collect novel survey data, which reveal inflation protection to be a key motivation for homeownership, especially after high inflation experiences. Second, using household data from 22 European countries, we find that higher exposure to historical inflation predicts higher homeownership rates. We estimate similar associations among immigrants to the United States who experienced different past inflation in their home countries but face the same U.S. housing market. Consistent with the experience effects model, the relationship is strongest in countries with predominantly fixed‐rate mortgages.
Burden of obstructive sleep apnea in patients with lung cancer and its effect on performance status
Authors: Zidan Mohamed H. , Shaarawy Hany M. , Gharraf Heba S. , Helal Suzan F. , Hassan Maged , Rizk Rana 
Published: April 2024

SummaryThe association between lung cancer and obstructive sleep apnea has remained a matter of debate for years. Obstructive sleep apnea is thought to increase the incidence of lung cancer due to intermittent hypoxaemia and sleep fragmentation. The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea in patients with lung cancer and its effect on those patients' performance status. This is a prevalence study that was conducted at Chest Diseases Department, Alexandria Main University Hospitals. We enrolled 153 patients with lung cancer. All patients underwent cardiorespiratory monitoring using a home sleep‐testing device. Performance status was assessed using Karnofsky performance status scale. The study included 120 (78.4%) males and 33 (21.6%) females newly diagnosed with lung cancer. The mean age was 59.98 ± 11.11 years. Obstructive sleep apnea (apnea–hypopnea index ≥ 5) was present in 134 (87.6%) patients. Eighty‐five (63.4%) patients had mild obstructive sleep apnea, 39 (29.1%) patients had moderate obstructive sleep apnea, and 10 (7.46%) patients had severe obstructive sleep apnea. Prolonged nocturnal oxygen desaturation as demonstrated by time of oxygen saturation spent below 90% (T90%) during total sleep time > 30% was present in 25 (16.3%) patients. There was a significant difference in the median value of Karnofsky performance status scale between patients with lung cancer and associated obstructive sleep apnea and those without obstructive sleep apnea. In conclusion, obstructive sleep apnea is highly prevalent among patients with lung cancer. Performance status is worse among patients with lung cancer in the presence of obstructive sleep apnea. Screening patients with lung cancer for obstructive sleep apnea is important regardless of the presence of classical symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea.
The relationship between neighborhood social capital and health from a biopsychosocial perspective: A systematic review
Authors: Magro‐Montañés Beatriz , Pabón‐Carrasco Manuel , Romero‐Castillo Rocío , Ponce‐Blandón José Antonio , Jiménez‐Picón Nerea 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe Social Determinants of Health (SDH) influence the health of people throughout their lives, and can be positive, protective or risk factors for the population and, in turn, biological, psychological, or social. The social environment conditions the health status of the neighborhood, population, and social group, which can be a health asset due to its strong psychosocial and socio‐cultural influence. Social capital is a community asset of the healthy neighborhood that must be known in order to promote community health.ObjectivesThe objective is to determine the relationship between social capital and neighborhood biopsychosocial health.MethodsA systematic review was conducted based on PRISMA: PubMed, Wos, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane databases. The search was conducted from January to March 2023. Three authors independently extracted data using a structured form.ResultsOut of 527 records, 17 results passed the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The positive and statistically significant relationship between neighborhood social capital (NSC) and the physical and mental health of neighbors is confirmed, that is, the higher the NSC, the more exercise, better oral health in children and physical health in pregnant women, lower tobacco consumption and lower prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus. At the psychological level, greater NSC leads to better mental health, mental well‐being, life satisfaction, quality of life, self‐perceived health, higher cognitive function, and less depression.ConclusionsIn conclusion, social capital is an important SDH and health asset that influences neighborhood biopsychosocial health and should be known and researched for health promotion in community settings. More evidence is needed to support the results obtained.
The treatment of behavioural and psychological symptoms in dementia: pragmatic recommendations
Authors: Mercier Camille , Rollason Victoria , Eshmawey Mohamed , Mendes Aline , Frisoni Giovanni B. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBehavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are a clinical challenge for the lack of a sound taxonomy, frequent presentation with comorbid BPSD, lack of specific pharmacologic interventions, poor base of methodologically sound evidence with randomized clinical trials, contamination from the treatment of behavioural disturbances of young and adult psychiatric conditions, and small efficacy window of psychotropic drugs. We present here a treatment workflow based on a concept‐driven literature review based on the notions that (i) the aetiology of BPSD can be mainly neurobiological (so‐called ‘primary’ symptoms) or mainly environmental and functional (‘secondary’ symptoms) and that this drives treatment; (ii) the clinical efficacy of psychotropic drugs is driven by their specific profile of receptor affinity; (iii) drug treatment should follow the rules of ‘start low–go slow, prescribe and revise’. This article argues in support of the distinction between primary and secondary BPSD, as well as their characteristics, which until now have been just sketchily described in the literature. It also offers comprehensive and pragmatic clinician‐oriented recommendations for the treatment of BPSD.
National assessments of money laundering risks: Stumbling at the start
Authors: Ferwerda Joras , Reuter Peter 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe Financial Action Task Force (FATF) requires national governments to demonstrate an understanding of the distribution of money laundering risks across different sectors of the financial system. Such understanding is the foundation for effective control of money laundering under the risk‐based approach called for by the FATF. We analyzed the National Risk Assessments (NRAs) of eight systemically important countries before 2020 to test whether these demonstrated that basic understanding. The eight show very different conceptualizations, analytic approaches, and products. None showed more than minimal competence at risk assessment. For example, most relied largely on expert opinion, solicited, however, in ways that violated the well‐developed methodology for eliciting expert opinion. They consistently misinterpreted Suspicious Activity Reports, the most fine‐grained quantitative data available on money laundering, and failed to provide risk assessments relevant for policymakers. Only one described the methodology employed. Although conducting strong money laundering risk assessments is challenging, given the difficulty of estimating the extent of laundering in any sector, existing practices can be improved. We offer some potential explanations for the failure of governments to take this task seriously. The lack of involvement of risk assessment professionals is an important contributing factor to the weaknesses of the current NRAs.
The influence of HLA allele and haplotype on RhE alloimmunization among pregnant females in the Chinese Han population
Authors: Kong Yujie , Xiao Jie , Tian Li , Xu Ying 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesAnti‐E alloantibody is the most common and important red blood cell (RBC) alloantibody during pregnancy. The study aimed to determine the correlation between RhE alloimmunization and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) allele polymorphism, as well as haplotype diversity, among pregnant individuals in the Chinese Han population.Study Design and MethodsAll individuals included in our study were RhE‐negative pregnant women of Chinese Han ethnicity, confirmed through serological testing. Pregnancy could be the only potential stimulating factor in RBC alloimmunization. Given the serological testing, the participants were divided into anti‐E (responders) and non‐anti‐E‐producing group (non‐responders). The class I and II classical HLA genotyping were determined using next‐generation sequencing, and the HLA genotype and haplotype frequencies were compared between the responders and non‐responders.ResultsIn total, 76 responders and 94 non‐responders were enrolled in this study. Comparison results showed that all HLA class I alleles had no difference between the two groups. For HLA class II phenotypes, responders had higher frequencies of HLA‐DRB1*09:01, HLA‐DQA1*03:02 and HLA‐DQB1*03:03 phenotypes than non‐responders, and the differences were statistically significant (pc < 0.05). In addition, the haplotype frequency of HLA‐DRB1*09:01‐DQA1*03:02‐DQB1*03:03 in the RhE responders was significantly higher than in the non‐responders (31.58% vs. 12.77%; odds ratio, 3.154; 95% confidence interval, 1.823–5.456; pc value, 1.25 × 10−3).ConclusionOur findings indicated that HLA‐DRB1*09:01, HLA‐DQA1*03:02 and HLA‐DQB1*03:03 might be susceptible alleles for RhE alloimmunization among Chinese Han pregnant females. These three susceptible alleles constituted the unique three‐locus haplotype in the RhE responders and collaborated to RhE alloimmunization.