bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Critical Role of Anharmonic Lattice Dynamics for Macroscopic Properties of the Visible Light Absorbing Nitride Semiconductor CuTaN2
Authors: Hegner Franziska S. , Cohen Adi , Rudel Stefan S. , Kronawitter Silva M. , Grumet Manuel , Zhu Xiangzhou , Korobko Roman , Houben Lothar , Jiang Chang‐Ming , Schnick Wolfgang , Kieslich Gregor , Yaffe Omer , Sharp Ian D. , Egger David A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTernary nitride semiconductors are rapidly emerging as a promising class of materials for energy conversion applications, offering an appealing combination of strong light absorption in the visible range, desirable charge transport characteristics, and good chemical stability. In this work, it is shown that finite‐temperature lattice dynamics in CuTaN2 – a prototypical ternary nitride displaying particularly strong visible light absorption – exhibit a pronounced anharmonic character that plays an essential role in defining its macroscopic optoelectronic and thermal properties. Low‐frequency vibrational modes that are Raman‐inactive from symmetry considerations of the average crystal structure and unstable in harmonic phonon calculations are found to appear as intensive Raman features near room temperature. The atomic contributions to the anharmonic vibrations are characterized by combining Raman measurements with molecular dynamics and density functional theory calculations. This analysis reveals that anharmonic lattice dynamics have large ramifications on the fundamental properties of this compound, resulting in uniaxial negative thermal expansion and the opening of its bandgap to a near‐optimal value for solar energy harvesting. The atomic‐level understanding of anharmonic lattice dynamics, as well as the finding that they strongly influence key properties of this semiconductor at room temperature, have important implications for design of new functional materials, especially within the emerging class of ternary nitride semiconductors.
Positive Electronic Nickel Active Site Enhances N─H/C─H Bonds Breaking for Electrooxidation of Amines to Nitriles Coupling with Hydrogen Production
Authors: Pan Xun , Sun Lingzhi , Zhou Zhaoyu , Xie Yanan , Zheng Jingui , Xu Shaohan , Sun Jie , Zeng Jianrong , Zhao Guohua 
Published: March 2024

AbstractElectrocatalytic conversion of amines to nitriles can be used as biomass upgrading to assist hydrogen production in water electrolysis. However, achieving efficient N─H/C─H bond breaking in amines oxidation remains a challenge. Herein, the nitrogen‐doped carbon supported NiO nanoparticles with positive electronic nickel active site are simply synthesized to achieve ∽99% selectivity and complete conversion in electrooxidizing amines to nitriles, and the onset potential of the whole reaction is as low as 1.32 V vs. RHE. Detailed in situ characterizations and theoretical calculations prove that the carbon substrate enhances the interaction between the N 2p orbital of amines and the Ni 3d orbital, which favors the construction of an indirect oxidation intermediate state R‐CH2NH2···NiO(OH)abs and promotes the subsequent stepwise dehydrogenation to nitriles. This whole reaction produces 16.4 times more hydrogen than pure water splitting, facilitating the development of the chemicals industry and energy utilization.
Guideline for the Management of Diabetes Mellitus in the Elderly in China (2024 Edition)
Authors: Guo Lixin , Xiao Xinhua 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWith the deepening of aging in China, the prevalence of diabetes in older people has increased noticeably, and standardized diabetes management is critical for improving clinical outcomes of diabetes in older people. In 2021, the National Center of Gerontology, Chinese Society of Geriatrics, and Diabetes Professional Committee of Chinese Aging Well Association organized experts to write the first guideline for diabetes diagnosis and treatment in older people in China, the Guideline for the Management of Diabetes Mellitus in the Elderly in China (2021 Edition). The guideline emphasizes that older patients with diabetes are a highly heterogeneous group requiring comprehensive assessment and stratified and individualized management strategies. The guideline proposes simple treatments and de‐intensified treatment strategies for older patients with diabetes. This edition of the guideline provides clinicians with practical and operable clinical guidance, thus greatly contributing to the comprehensive and full‐cycle standardized management of older patients with diabetes in China and promoting the extensive development of clinical and basic research on diabetes in older people and related fields. In the past 3 years, evidence‐based medicine for older patients with diabetes and related fields has further advanced, and new treatment concepts, drugs, and technologies have been developed. The guideline editorial committee promptly updated the first edition of the guideline and compiled the Guideline for the Management of Diabetes Mellitus in the Elderly in China (2024 Edition). More precise management paths for older patients with diabetes are proposed, for achieving continued standardization of the management of older Chinese patients with diabetes and improving their clinical outcomes.
Clinical outcomes and medical management of achondroplasia in Japanese children: A retrospective medical record review of clinical data
Authors: Saitou Hiroyuki , Kitaoka Taichi , Kubota Takuo , Kanno Junko , Mochizuki Hiroshi , Michigami Toshimi , Hasegawa Kosei , Fujiwara Ikuma , Hamajima Takashi , Harada Daisuke , Seki Yuko , Nagasaki Keisuke , Dateki Sumito , Namba Noriyuki , Tokuoka Hirofumi , Pimenta Jeanne M. , Cohen Shelda , Ozono Keiichi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAchondroplasia (ACH) is a rare, autosomal dominant skeletal dysplasia characterized by short stature, characteristic facial configuration, and trident hands. Before vosoritide approval in Japan, patients with ACH could start growth hormone (GH) treatment at age 3 years. However, ACH and its treatment in young Japanese children have not been studied. This retrospective, longitudinal, medical records‐based cohort study (before vosoritide approval) summarized symptoms, complications, monitoring, surgery/interventions, and height with/without GH in Japanese patients with ACH <5 years. Complications were observed in 89.2% of all 37 patients; 75.7% required surgery or intervention. All patients were monitored by magnetic resonance imaging; 73.0% had foramen magnum stenosis, while 54.1% had Achondroplasia Foramen Magnum Score 3 or 4. Of 28 GH‐treated patients, 22 initiating at age 3 years were generally taller after 12 months versus 9 non‐GH‐treated patients. Mean annual growth velocity significantly increased from age 2 to 3 versus 3 to 4 years in GH‐treated patients (4.37 vs. 7.23 cm/year; p = 0.0014), but not in non‐GH‐treated patients (4.94 vs. 4.20 cm/year). The mean height at age 4 years with/without GH was 83.6/79.8 cm. These results improve our understanding of young patients with ACH in Japan and confirm that early diagnosis of ACH and monitoring of complications help facilitate appropriate interventions.
Ultra‐Dense Supported Ruthenium Oxide Clusters via Directed Ion Exchange for Efficient Valorization of 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural
Authors: Lei Can , Chen Zhe , Jiang Tao , Wang Shaoyan , Du Wei , Cha Shuangshuang , Hao Yaming , Wang Ran , Cao Xueting , Gong Ming 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMaximizing the loadings of active centers without aggregation for a supported catalyst is a grand challenge but essential for achieving high gravimetric catalytic activity, especially toward multi‐step reactions. The oxidation of 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), a key biomass‐derived platform molecule, into 2,5‐furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA), a promising alternative to polyester monomer, is such a multi‐step reaction that involves 6 proton and electron transfers. This process often demands strong alkaline environment but also suffers from the alkali‐driven polymerization side‐reaction. Meanwhile, neutral media ameliorates the polymerization, but lacks efficient catalyst toward deep oxidation. Herein, we devised a strategy of creating ultra‐dense supported Ru oxide clusters via directed ion exchange in a Co hydroxyanion (CoHA) support material. Pyrimidine ligands were first incorporated into the CoHA interlayers, and the subsequent evacuation of pyrimidines created porous channels for the directed ion exchange with the built‐in anions in CoHA, which allowed the dense and mono‐disperse functionalization of RuCl62− anions and their resulting Ru oxide clusters. These ultra‐dense Ru oxide clusters not only enable high HMF electrooxidation currents under neutral conditions but also create microscopic channels in‐between the clusters for the expedited re‐adsorption and oxidation of intermediates toward highly oxidized product, such as 5‐formyl‐2‐furoic acid (FFCA) and FDCA. A two‐stage HMF oxidation process, consisting of ambient conversion of HMF into FFCA and FFCA oxidation into FDCA under 60 °C, was eventually developed to first achieve a high FDCA yield of 92.1 % under neutral media with significantly reduced polymerization.
Insider perspectives on Southeast Asiaʼs clean energy transition
Authors: Do Thang Nam 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis paper offers essential insights into Southeast Asiaʼs transition to clean energy, a cornerstone for global climate objectives. Based on 27 interviews with regional energy and climate experts conducted between September 2022 and October 2023, the research distils key factors into 3Ds: Demanding, Doable, and Dependent. Highlighting these aspects would foster readiness, persuade stakeholders, and secure international support, all of which are pivotal for advancing the energy transition towards net‐zero emissions in Southeast Asia.
Electrical sensing of single oocytes in microfluidic systems: A mini review
Authors: Schnakenberg Uwe , Cao Yuan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe noninvasive and label‐free electrical characterization of single cells is increasingly gaining interest over the last years. Besides cancer cells, oocytes are in the focus of those investigations. The study of oocytes is relevant for two areas: on the one hand, the quality of mammalian oocytes is important in artificial reproduction technology for a high fertilization yield. On the other hand, amphibian oocytes are well established to be used as host cells for the characterization of ion‐channel kinetics for drug screening. For both areas, easy‐to‐perform and reliable characterization techniques are needed. This mini‐review summarizes important developments of characterizing oocytes with microfluidic systems in combination with observer‐independent noninvasive electrical sensing. Such miniaturized microfluidic systems can be improved to facilitate multiple oocyte characterizations simultaneously for higher throughput screening.
Similar immune responses to alpha1‐oleate and Bacillus Calmette–Guérin treatment in patients with bladder cancer
Authors: Ahmadi Shahram , Ambite Ines , Brisuda Antonín , Háček Jaromír , Haq Farhan , Sabari Samudra , Vanarsa Kamala , Mohan Chandra , Babjuk Marek , Svanborg Catharina 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe molecular content of urine is defined by filtration in the kidneys and by local release from tissues lining the urinary tract. Pathological processes and different therapies change the molecular composition of urine and a variety of markers have been analyzed in patients with bladder cancer. The response to BCG immunotherapy and chemotherapy has been extensively studied and elevated urine concentrations of IL‐1RA, IFN‐α, IFN‐γ TNF‐α, and IL‐17 have been associated with improved outcome.MethodsIn this study, the host response to intravesical alpha 1‐oleate treatment was characterized in patients with non‐muscle invasive bladder cancer by proteomic and transcriptomic analysis.ResultsProteomic profiling detected a significant increase in multiple cytokines in the treatment group compared to placebo. The innate immune response was strongly activated, including IL‐1RA and pro‐inflammatory cytokines in the IL‐1 family (IL‐1α, IL‐1β, IL‐33), chemokines (MIP‐1α, IL‐8), and interferons (IFN‐α2, IFN‐γ). Adaptive immune mediators included IL‐12, Granzyme B, CD40, PD‐L1, and IL‐17D, suggesting broad effects of alpha 1‐oleate treatment on the tumor tissues.ConclusionsThe cytokine response profile in alpha 1‐oleate treated patients was similar to that reported in BCG treated patients, suggesting a significant overlap. A reduction in protein levels at the end of treatment coincided with inhibition of cancer‐related gene expression in tissue biopsies, consistent with a positive treatment effect. Thus, in addition to killing tumor cells and inducing cell detachment, alpha 1‐oleate is shown to activate a broad immune response with a protective potential.
The quantitative parameters based on marrow metabolism derived from synthetic MRI: A pilot study of prognostic value in participants with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma
Authors: Cui Sha , Guo Yinnan , Niu Weiran , Li Jianting , Bian Wenjin , Wu Wenqi , Zhang Wenjia , Zheng Qian , Wang Jun , Niu Jinliang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe value of SyMRI‐derived parameters from lumbar marrow for predicting early treatment response and optimizing the risk stratification of the Revised International Staging System (R‐ISS) in participants with multiple myeloma (MM) is unknown.MethodsWe prospectively enrolled participants with newly diagnosed MM before treatment. The SyMRI of lumbar marrow was used to calculate T1, T2, and PD values and the clinical features were collected. All participants were divided into good response (≥VGPR) and poor response (<VGPR) groups after four treatment cycles. Univariate, multivariate analyses and ROC were used to identify prognostic significance. Mann–Whitney U‐tests were used to compare the SyMRI parameters between genders. The value of optimizing the risk stratification was analyzed by Fisher's exact tests at each R‐ISS stage.ResultsFifty‐nine participants (good response, n = 33; poor response, n = 26) were evaluated. The bone marrow plasma cell percentage, β2‐microglobulin, T1 and T2 value were difference between two groups (all p < 0.05). The T1 (odds ratio 1.003, p = 0.005) and T2 values (odds ratio 0.910, p = 0.002) were independent predictors and the AUC and cut‐off values were 0.787, 967.2 ms and 0.784, 75.9 ms, respectively. There were no significant differences in SyMRI parameters between genders. Participants with both T1 value ≥967.2 ms and T2 value ≤75.9 ms in the R‐ISS II stage were potentially to get poor response.ConclusionsSynthetic MRI is a promising tool for predicting early treatment response to MM and promoting R‐ISS II stage risk stratification.
Association of household net worth with healthcare costs after radical cystectomy using real‐world data
Authors: Washington Samuel L. , Lonergan Peter E. , Odisho Anobel Y. , Meng Maxwell V. , Porten Sima P. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundFinancial toxicity of bladder cancer care may influence how patients utilize healthcare resources, from emergency department (ED) encounters to office visits. We aim to examine whether greater household net worth (HHNW) confers differential access to healthcare resources after radical cystectomy (RC).MethodsThis population‐based cohort study examined the association between HHNW and healthcare utilization costs in the 90 days post‐RC in commercially insured patients with bladder cancer. Costs accrued from the index hospitalization to 90 days after including health plan costs (HPC) and out‐of‐pocket costs (OPC). Multivariable logistic regression models were generated by encounter (acute inpatient, ED, outpatient, and office visit).ResultsA total of 141,903 patients were identified with HHNW categories near evenly distributed. Acute inpatient encounters incurred the greatest HPC and OPC. Office visits conferred the lowest HPC while ED visits had the lowest OPC. Black patients harbored increased odds of an acute inpatient encounter (OR 1.22, 95% CI 1.16–1.29) and ED encounter (OR 1.20, 95% CI 1.14–1.27) while Asian (OR 0.76, 95% CI 0.69–0.85) and Hispanic (OR 0.74, 95% CI 0.69–0.78, p < 0.001) patients had lower odds of an outpatient encounter, compared to White counterpart. Increasing HHNW was associated with decreasing odds of acute inpatient or ED encounters and greater odds of office visits.ConclusionsLower HHNW conferred greater risk of costly inpatient encounters while greater HHNW had greater odds of less costly office visits, illustrating how financial flexibility fosters differences in healthcare utilization and lower costs. HHNW may serve as a proxy for financial flexibility and risk of financial hardship than income alone.
Toxicity profiles of immune checkpoint inhibitors for recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Dang Shoutao , Li Xinyu , Liu Heshu , Zhang Shuyang , Li Wei 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are widely used in recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M HNSCC); however, the toxicity profiles are inconclusive.MethodsClinical trials evaluating ICIs for R/M HNSCC were searched from online databases. The characteristics of the studies and the results of incidences of any grade treatment‐related adverse events (trAEs), grade three or more trAEs, treatment‐related deaths, trAEs leading to discontinuation of treatment, and specific trAEs were extracted.ResultsTwenty studies with 3756 patients were included. The pooled incidences of any grade trAEs, grade three or more trAEs, treatment‐related deaths, trAEs leading to discontinuation of treatment for overall population were 62.07% (95% CI, 59.07%–65.02%), 13.82% (95% CI, 11.23%–16.62%), 0.39% (95% CI, 0.15%–0.71%), 3.99% (95% CI, 2.36%–5.95%), respectively. Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD‐1) inhibitors monotherapy and ICIs combination therapy had significantly higher incidences of any grade trAEs (odds ratio [OR], 1.25, 95% CI, 1.05–1.49 and 1.36, 95% CI, 1.15–1.60, respectively), grade three or more trAEs (OR, 1.41, 95% CI, 1.08–1.84 and 1.79, 95% CI, 1.39–2.30, respectively), trAEs leading to discontinuation of treatment (OR, 3.98, 95% CI, 2.06–7.70 and 10.14, 95% CI, 5.49–18.70, respectively) compared with programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) inhibitors monotherapy. ICIs combination therapy had a significantly higher incidence of grade three or more trAEs compared with PD‐1 inhibitors monotherapy (OR, 1.27, 95% CI, 1.03–1.55); however, the incidences of any grade trAEs and trAEs leading to discontinuation of treatment were not significant different.ConclusionsOur study suggests that the incidences of grade three or more trAEs, treatment‐related deaths, and trAEs leading to discontinuation of treatment are low in R/M HNSCC patients treated with ICIs. PD‐L1 inhibitors monotherapy may be safer compared with PD‐1 inhibitors monotherapy and ICIs combination therapy.
Pre‐ and postnatal findings with rare congenital anomalies of urinary bladder
Authors: Guo Hui , Luo Yanmei , Yang Xinghai , Cheng Shigang 
Published: March 2024

Key Clinical MessageBladder duplication and congenital bladder diverticulum are rare anomalies. We described two boys with rare bladder anomalies found on prenatal ultrasounds. Postnatal investigations and surgical findings confirmed these bladder anomalies. The malformation was associated with other system anomalies. This report of pre‐ and postnatal imaging with surgical correlation contributes to our understanding about these rare bladder anomalies.
Fat embolism syndrome: A severe case diagnosed early using dual‐energy CT and saved with VA‐ECMO and inhaled nitric oxide
Authors: Ota Tsuyoshi , Sawada Takahiro , Shimoura Hiroyuki , Terao Yuya , Ito Tatsuro , Okajima Katsunori , Kadotani Makoto , Onishi Yoshio 
Published: March 2024

Key Clinical MessageDiagnosing FES is difficult and time‐consuming, and identify FES as an etiology of right ventricular volume overload for early diagnosis. Because FES is a reversible condition, even severe cases can be treated if the patient survives the acute phase.
University students’ future time perspective and career adaptability: The mediating role of grit
Authors: Diaconu‐Gherasim Loredana R. , Țepordei Ana‐Maria , Labăr Adrian V. , Vîrgă Delia , Măirean Cornelia 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWithin the larger framework of career construction theory, the present study investigated how future time perspective is related to career adaptability and whether grit may play a mediating role in this relationship. A sample of 483 university students (Mage = 20.03, 92.3% women) filled in scales measuring future time perspective dimensions (i.e., connectedness, value, extension, and speed), grit, and career adaptability comprised in an online survey. Findings showed that career adaptability was positively associated with connectedness and extension, and negatively associated with speed future time dimension. Further, grit was positively linked to career adaptability. In addition, grit mediated the relationships of future time dimensions with career adaptability. Results are discussed in terms of educational and counseling implications regarding university students’ future career construction in academic settings.
Nonlinear Quality‐Related Fault Detection Using Neighborhood Embedding Neural Orthogonal Mapping Algorithm for Batch Process
Authors: Liu Kai , Zhao Xiaoqiang , Hui Yongyong , Jiang Hongmei 
Published: March 2024

AbstractQuality‐related fault detection has become a hot research topic in recent years. It is not reliable to measure quality‐related relationships only by mutual information among process variables and single‐quality variables. Frequent alarms for quality‐unrelated faults seriously affect the normal operation of industrial production. At the same time, the strong nonlinearity of the process data leads to the difficulty of feature extraction. In this paper, we propose a fault detection algorithm based on nonlinear quality‐related neighborhood embedding neural orthogonal mapping (QR‐NENOM). First, quality‐related and quality‐unrelated variables are selected by Bayesian fusion mutual information, and the weighted method of mutual information is used to enhance the quality‐related information and suppress the quality‐unrelated information. Second, local manifold information is obtained by reconstructing nearest neighbors of process data, and key features are extracted by the nonlinear method composed of neural network and orthogonal mapping. Then, statistical indicators are established to complete fault detection. Finally, the nonlinear feature extraction ability of NENOM is verified by numerical examples, and the QR‐NENOM algorithm proposed in this paper is applied to the penicillin fermentation process. Comparative experiments show that QR‐NENOM has better detection performance for quality‐related faults and fewer alarms for quality‐unrelated faults.
Diazoacetonitrile: Safe and Green Synthesis through Continuous Processing
Authors: Bošković Dušan , Loebbecke Stefan , Panić Slobodan , Piscopo Calogero Giancarlo , Radulescu Ligia Johanna , Schwarzer Maud 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDiazo compounds, although possessing unique reactivity, have been widely rejected due to their highly hazardous preparation protocols. Diazoacetonitrile (DAN), a relatively stable diazo compound, has been overlooked despite its potential in chemical synthesis. The present study describes a microflow process for the simultaneous preparation of DAN in aqueous solution and its extraction in dichloromethane. The DAN productivity was optimized in terms of solvent, temperature, residence time, and pressure. This experimental work represents a breakthrough in delivering DAN continuously in a stable CH2Cl2 solution, enabling its utilization as a versatile building block for various synthetic processes and contributing to the development of new green synthetic processes.