bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advanced prescription of injectable anticancer drugs: Safety assessment in a European Comprehensive Cancer Centre using the risk matrix approach
Authors: Acramel Alexandre , Blondeel‐Gomes Sandy , Dupré Mathilde , Kayembe Ornella Tangila , Rochereau Aude , Escalup Laurence , Desmaris Romain , Jourdan Nathalie , Cordary Adeline , Vaflard Pauline , Cottu Paul , Bellesoeur Audrey 
Published: February 2024

AimsThe purpose of this work was to assess failures in the advanced prescription of parenteral anticancer agents in an adult day oncology care unit with more than 100 patients per day.MethodsAn a priori descriptive analysis was carried out by using the risk matrix approach. After defining the scope in a multidisciplinary meeting, we determined at each step the failure modes (FMs), their effects (E) and their associated causes (C). A severity score (S) was assigned to all effects and a probability of occurrence (O) to all causes. These S and O indicators, were used to obtain a criticality index (CI) matrix. We assessed the risk control (RC) of each failure in order to define a residual criticality index (rCI) matrix.ResultsDuring risk analysis, 14 FMs were detected, and 61 scenarios were identified considering all possible effects and causes. Nine situations (15%) were highlighted with the maximum CI, 18 (30%) with a medium CI, and 34 (55%) with a negligible CI. Nevertheless, among all these critical situations, only three (5%) had an rCI to process (i.e., missed dose adjustment, multiple prescriptions and abnormal biology data); the others required monitoring only. Clinicians' and pharmacists' knowledge of these critical situations enables them to manage the associated risks.ConclusionsAdvanced prescription of injectable anticancer drugs appears to be a safe practice for patients when combined with risk management. The major risks identified concerned missed dose adjustment, prescription duplication and lack of consideration for abnormal biology data.
Penile cancer care in the Netherlands: increased incidence, centralisation, and improved survival
Authors: Vreeburg Manon T.A. , de Vries Hielke‐Martijn , van der Noort Vincent , Horenblas Simon , van Rhijn Bas W.G. , Hendricksen Kees , Graafland Niels , van der Poel Henk G. , Brouwer Oscar R. 
Published: February 2024

ObjectiveTo evaluate penile squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) incidence and centralisation trends in the Netherlands over the past three decades, as well as the effect of centralisation of PSCC care on survival.Patients and methodsIn the Netherlands PSCC care is largely centralised in one national centre of expertise (Netherlands Cancer Institute [NCI], Amsterdam). For this study, the Netherlands Cancer Registry, an independent nationwide cancer registry, provided per‐patient data on age, clinical and pathological tumour staging, follow‐up, and vital status. Patients with treatment at the NCI were identified and compared to patients who were treated at all other centres. The age‐standardised incidence rate was calculated with the European Standard Population. The probability of death due to PSCC was estimated using the relative survival. Multivariable Cox regression analysis was performed to evaluate predictors of survival.ResultsA total of 3160 patients were diagnosed with PSCC between 1990 and 2020, showing a rising incidence (P < 0.001). Annual caseload increased at the NCI (1% in 1990, 65% in 2020) and decreased at other (regional) centres (99% to 35%). Despite a relatively high percentage of patients with T2–4 (64%) and N+ (33%) at the NCI, the 5‐year relative survival was higher (86%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 82–91%) compared to regional centres (76%, 95% CI 73–80%, P < 0.001). Patients with a pathological T2 tumour were treated with glans‐sparing treatment more often at the reference centre than at the regional centres (16% vs 5.0%, P < 0.001). After adjusting for age, histological grading, T‐stage, presence of lymph node involvement and year of diagnosis, treatment at regional centres remained a predictor for worse survival (hazard ratio 1.22, 95% CI 1.05–1.39; P = 0.006).ConclusionThe incidence of PSCC in the Netherlands has been gradually increasing over the past three decades, with a noticeable trend towards centralisation of PSCC care and improved relative survival rate.
Evaluating ecosystem protection and fragmentation of the world's major mountain regions
Authors: Theobald David M. , Jacob Aerin L. , Elsen Paul R. , Beever Erik A. , Ehlers Libby , Hilty Jodi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractConserving mountains is important for protecting biodiversity because they have high beta diversity and endemicity, facilitate species movement, and provide numerous ecosystem benefits for people. Mountains are often thought to have lower levels of human modification and contain more protected area than surrounding lowlands. To examine this, we compared biogeographic attributes of the largest, contiguous, mountainous region on each continent. In each region, we generated detailed ecosystems based on Köppen−Geiger climate regions, ecoregions, and detailed landforms. We quantified anthropogenic fragmentation of these ecosystems based on human modification classes of large wild areas, shared lands, and cities and farms. Human modification for half the mountainous regions approached the global average, and fragmentation reduced the ecological integrity of mountain ecosystems up to 40%. Only one‐third of the major mountainous regions currently meet the Kunming‐Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework target of 30% coverage for all protected areas; furthermore, the vast majority of ecosystem types present in mountains were underrepresented in protected areas. By measuring ecological integrity and human‐caused fragmentation with a detailed representation of mountain ecosystems, our approach facilitates tracking progress toward achieving conservation goals and better informs mountain conservation.
Cell adhesion and actin dynamics factors promote axonal extension and synapse formation in transplanted Drosophila photoreceptor cells
Authors: Iwanaga Riku , Yahagi Nagisa , Hakeda‐Suzuki Satoko , Suzuki Takashi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractVision is formed by the transmission of light stimuli to the brain through axons extending from photoreceptor cells. Damage to these axons leads to loss of vision. Despite research on neural circuit regeneration through transplantation, achieving precise axon projection remains challenging. To achieve optic nerve regeneration by transplantation, we employed the Drosophila visual system. We previously established a transplantation method for Drosophila utilizing photoreceptor precursor cells extracted from the eye disc. However, little axonal elongation of transplanted cells into the brain, the lamina, was observed. We verified axonal elongation to the lamina by modifying the selection process for transplanted cells. Moreover, we focused on N‐cadherin (Ncad), a cell adhesion factor, and Twinstar (Tsr), which has been shown to promote actin reorganization and induce axon elongation in damaged nerves. Overexpression of Ncad and tsr promoted axon elongation to the lamina, along with presynaptic structure formation in the elongating axons. Furthermore, overexpression of Neurexin‐1 (Nrx‐1), encoding a protein identified as a synaptic organizer, was found to not only promote presynapse formation but also enhance axon elongation. By introducing Ncad, tsr, and Nrx‐1, we not only successfully achieved axonal projection of transplanted cells to the brain beyond the retina, but also confirmed the projection of transplanted cells into a deeper ganglion, the medulla. The present study offers valuable insights to realize regeneration through transplantation in a more complex nervous system.
Pre‐impoundment fish migrations in the Mobile Basin, Alabama
Authors: Hershey Henry J. , Wright Russell A. , Williams James D. , O'Neil Patrick E. , DeVries Dennis R. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAssessing the status of several migratory fishes in the Mobile River Basin, Alabama, has been complicated due to a general lack of historical data on their life history, habitat requirements, and distributions. Whether distributions were restricted by natural or man‐made barriers to migration is difficult to answer because few scientific collections were made before dams were built, and the earliest dams were built at the largest biogeographic barrier in the basin: the geological fall line. Therefore, we used what information was available, including anecdotal information, primarily records from archived newspapers and government reports, to describe the ranges of six migratory species prior to the construction of dams in the Mobile Basin. We describe the complicated history of Alabama Shad Alosa alabamae and show that range declines may have been masked by the stocking of American Shad Alosa sapidissima in the late 19th century. We show that Gulf Sturgeon Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi probably migrated well above the fall line in the Coosa River, and may have been sympatric with Lake Sturgeon Acipenser fulvescens. We found no records of Alabama Sturgeon Scaphirhynchus suttkusi above the fall line. American Eel Anguilla rostrata migrated above the fall line in every Mobile Basin river before dams were built. Finally, Paddlefish Polyodon spathula may have once occurred above the fall line in at least two rivers, but they persist today in impounded reaches in the coastal plain, unlike some other species. We hope that future work will continue to consider archival sources of information to re‐trace the histories of imperilled species.
A 1 billion euro mission: A Soil Deal for Europe
Authors: Panagos Panos , Borrelli Pasquale , Jones Arwyn , Robinson David A. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSoils have achieved prominence in the political agenda of the European Commission with the proposal for a Soil Monitoring Law and the ambitious Soil Mission research framework. The EU Soil Observatory (EUSO) used the latest state‐of‐the‐art pan‐European datasets to propose a preliminary assessment of soil health in the EU based on 18 soil degradation proxy indicators. The body of knowledge will soon be enriched thanks to the investment of 1 billion euros towards the Mission ‘A Soil Deal for Europe’, which has the ambition to promote the development of new harmonized bottom‐up and top‐down soil health indicators. New data and knowledge are also anticipated through the national soil monitoring schemes to support the implementation of the Soil Monitoring Law. We present the Soil Mission roadmap towards assessing and achieving soil health in the EU by 2030 to meet Green Deal objectives. We introduce the EUSO Soil Health Dashboard, a soil degradation indicator tool using soil health indicators developed by the European Soil Data Centre (ESDAC) (2012–2023) that will contribute to Soil Monitoring Law assessments.
Unusual combinations of neurodegenerative pathologies with chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) complicates clinical prediction of CTE
Authors: Taghdiri Foad , Khodadadi Mozhgan , Sadia Nusrat , Mushtaque Asma , Scott Olivia F. T. , Hirsch‐Reinhagen Veronica , Tator Charles , Wennberg Richard , Kovacs Gabor G. , Tartaglia M. Carmela 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackground and purposeChronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) has gained widespread attention due to its association with multiple concussions and contact sports. However, CTE remains a postmortem diagnosis, and the link between clinical symptoms and CTE pathology is poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the presence of copathologies and their impact on symptoms in former contact sports athletes.MethodsThis was a retrospective case series design of 12 consecutive cases of former contact sports athletes referred for autopsy. Analyses are descriptive and include clinical history as well as the pathological findings of the autopsied brains.ResultsAll participants had a history of multiple concussions, and all but one had documented progressive cognitive, psychiatric, and/or motor symptoms. The results showed that 11 of the 12 participants had evidence of CTE in the brain, but also other copathologies, including different combinations of tauopathies, and other rare entities.ConclusionsThe heterogeneity of symptoms after repetitive head injuries and the diverse pathological combinations accompanying CTE complicate the prediction of CTE in clinical practice. It is prudent to consider the possibility of multiple copathologies when clinically assessing patients with repetitive head injuries, especially as they age, and attributing neurological or cognitive symptoms solely to presumptive CTE in elderly patients should be discouraged.
Hate speech detection: A comprehensive review of recent works
Authors: Gandhi Ankita , Ahir Param , Adhvaryu Kinjal , Shah Pooja , Lohiya Ritika , Cambria Erik , Poria Soujanya , Hussain Amir 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThere has been surge in the usage of Internet as well as social media platforms which has led to rise in online hate speech targeted on individual or group. In the recent years, hate speech has resulted in one of the challenging problems that can unfurl at a fast pace on digital platforms leading to various issues such as prejudice, violence and even genocide. Considering the acceptance of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques in varied application domains, it would be intriguing to consider these techniques for automated hate speech detection. In literature, there have been efforts to recognize and categorize hate speech using varied Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) techniques. Hence, considering the need and provocations for hate speech detection we aim to present a comprehensive review that discusses fundamental taxonomy as well as recent advances in the field of online hate speech identification. There is a significant amount of literature related to the initial phases of hate speech detection. The background section provides a detailed explanation of the previous research. The subsequent section that follows is dedicated to examining the recent literature published from the year 2020 onwards. The paper presents some of the hate speech datasets considered for hate speech detection. Furthermore, the paper discusses different data modalities, namely, textual hate speech detection, multi‐modal hate speech detection and multilingual hate speech detection. Apart from systematic review on hate speech detection, the paper also implement several multi‐label models to compare the performance of hate speech detection by employing classic ML technique namely, Logistic Regression and DL technique namely, Long Short‐Term Memory (LSTM) and a multiclass multi‐label architecture. In the implemented architecture, we have derived two new elements to quantify the hatefulness and intensity of hatred to improve the results for hate speech detection using Indonesian tweet dataset. Empirical Analysis of the model reveals that the implemented approach outperforms and is able to achieve improved results for the underlying dataset.
Can EFL teaching help revitalize the Aymara language and culture? Exploring EFL teachers' practices from Northern Chile
Authors: Riquelme‐Sanderson Michel , Ramos‐Leiva Lucía , González‐Estay Celia 
Published: February 2024

AbstractUnder the premise that revitalization can be attained through multi‐, inter‐, or transdisciplinary fields, this article posits that teaching English as a foreign language (EFL) can aid in revitalizing the Aymara, an indigenous community in Northern Chile, to avoid their cultural and linguistic extinction. This qualitative study explored how EFL teachers’ practices can contribute to revitalizing the Aymara culture and language in schools located in Northern Chile. Ten teachers participated in individual semi‐structured online synchronous interviews and a group interview. The findings revealed two types of practices: (a) non‐intercultural teaching practices that were mediated by personal, educational, and institutional factors, and (b) approximations of intercultural teaching practices where the teachers valued and included Aymara culture, yet they did not generate spaces for intercultural dialog in the classrooms. The study concludes that the approximations of intercultural teaching practices contribute to an initial stage in revitalizing indigenous languages and culture, an implication that should be considered valuable in teacher education programs and the EFL classroom.
Triumphs, trials and tomorrow in food security: an ASEAN outlook
Authors: Sundram Pushpanathan , Brennan Charles S. 
Published: February 2024

SummaryThe article explores the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) food security landscape amid challenges intensified by the COVID‐19 pandemic. It underscores the imperative of providing sufficient, affordable, and nutritious sustenance for the growing ASEAN population, advocating for an integrated and comprehensive approach. This approach addresses climate change impacts, prioritises investments in rural infrastructure and agricultural innovation, and champions sustainable, inclusive farming practices. The research emphasises the significance of collaborative efforts with international partners and other regional stakeholders to fortify ASEAN's food security initiatives. This collaborative model serves as an exemplar for other developing regions with significant agricultural sectors and rural populations. The pandemic has prompted governments and the private sector to collaborate and address multifaceted food security issues, revealing the need for collective regional action. ASEAN can leverage partnerships, knowledge exchange, and resource‐sharing to navigate and overcome food security challenges, catalysing regional and global solutions.
Compassion fatigue and the meaning in life as predictors of secondary traumatic stress in nurses during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Koştu Nazan , İnci Fadime Hatice , Arslan Sümeyye 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimThis study aimed to investigate the relationship among secondary traumatic stress, compassion fatigue, and meaning in life in nurses during the COVID‐19 pandemic.BackgroundChanges in working conditions during the pandemic also changed the needs of nurses. In addition to physical health, the COVID‐19 pandemic led to many psychosocial health problems such as sleep disturbances, depression, and traumatic stress. This makes nurses vulnerable to psychological side effects of the pandemic.DesignA cross‐sectional study was conducted.MethodsThis study was conducted with 166 nurses. Data were collected online at May–June 2021. A Personal Information Form, the Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale, Compassion Fatigue Scale, and Meaning in Life Scale were used. The STROBE reporting checklist was followed.ResultsAs secondary traumatic stress levels increase, compassion fatigue increases, meaning in life decreases, and the search for meaning in life increases.ConclusionPredictors of secondary traumatic stress were shown to be compassion fatigue, change in sleep habits, meaning in life, marital status, and having a chronic illness. This suggested that working during the pandemic posed significant risks in terms of manifesting negative consequences on mental health in the long term.
Residual facial erythema in atopic dermatitis patients treated with dupilumab stratified by machine learning
Authors: Ashizaki Koichi , Ishikawa Tetsuo , Nomura Yuko 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundPersistent facial erythema represents a significant complication in atopic dermatitis (AD) patients undergoing treatment with dupilumab. Stratifying patients based on the erythema course is crucial for elucidating heterogeneous phenotypes and facilitating advanced drug efficacy predictions.ObjectivesThis study aimed to identify factors associated with facial erythema severity in dupilumab‐treated AD patients and to establish a prediction model for drug response based on the identified factors.MethodsData from a retrospective study conducted between July 2018 and July 2021 were collected and analysed. Patients were categorized into three groups via hierarchical clustering based on the course of facial erythema: early remission, low remission and persistent residual. LightGBM, a supervised gradient boosting decision tree algorithm, was employed to discern group differences and construct a prediction model. The model incorporated patient demographic and clinical profiles, including pre‐ and post‐treatment examinations. The model's performance was evaluated using accuracy and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).ResultsThe binary classification model demonstrated an accuracy of 89.10% and an AUC of 0.862 when distinguishing between early remission and persistent residual patients. The eight prominent factors associated with facial erythema severity included age, sex, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), immunoglobulin E (IgE), eosinophil count, white blood cell count, Alnus allergy and cedar allergy.ConclusionsThis study has two main significances: first, three clusters were identified through unsupervised learning; second, a classification model was constructed that proved more accurate than random prediction. The stratification and identification of crucial factors associated with residual facial erythema in dupilumab‐treated AD patients lay the foundation for AI‐powered prognostic models. This groundwork provides a substantial basis for enhancing future medical AI support in AD treatment selection, potentially improving personalized treatment approaches and outcomes.
Evaluation of surface microhardness and gingival marginal adaptation of three different bulk‐fill flowable resin composites: A comparative study
Authors: Khairy Nourhan Medhat , Elkholany Naglaa Rizk , Elembaby Abeer Elsayed 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate surface microhardness and gingival marginal adaptation of three different bulk‐fill flowable resin composites (FB‐RBCs) in Class V cavities with enamel or dentin margins before and after thermocycling (TMC).Materials and MethodsThree available FB‐RBCs were used; Palfique Bulk Flow (PaBF) (Tokuyama Dental), SDR Flow+ Bulk Fill Flowable (Dentsply Sirona), and I‐Flow Bulk Fill (I‐Dental). Thirty discs were prepared from each type of FB‐RBCs. The discs were subjected to Vickers microhardness tester machine. Class V cavities were prepared on 180 molars. Gingival margins of half the specimens were prepared above CEJ and the other half below CEJ. Cavities were restored with FB‐RBCs for gingival marginal adaptation test. Two‐way ANOVA was used in microhardness, while three‐way ANOVA was used for marginal adaptation.ResultsThe used materials showed statistically significant differences in microhardness and marginal adaptation.ConclusionsRegarding microhardness, PaBF showed the highest value before TMC and SDR was the highest after TMC. Regarding marginal adaptation, SDR revealed the best marginal adaptation than PaBF and I‐flow, either subjected to TMC or not.Clinical SignificanceThe longevity of cervical restorations depend on both the location of the cavity margin and the material used. The microfractures in resin composite surface due to low surface microhardness as well as marginal gaps seen in laboratory studies could be considered as an indicative parameter for clinical problem associated with marginal differences.