bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interfacial Capacity between a Silver Bromide Solid Electrolyte and a Blocking Electrode
Authors: Kimura Noriyoshi , Osaki Takahisa , Toshima Shinobu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The interfacial capacity between a silver bromide single crystal and graphite and platinum blocking electrodes was measured using an AC bridge in the potential range 0.05–0.55 V vs. Ag/AgBr at 200–400 °C. The observed capacity-potential curves were compared with the calculated values from the space charge layer capacity. In the case of the graphite electrode, the capacity had a minimum value at 0.15–0.20 V vs. Ag/AgBr, whereas for the platinum electrode, the capacity was considerably larger and the differential capacity-potential curves were complicated. It is concluded that the space charge layer capacity predominates for the graphite electrode, but for the platinum electrode, its interaction with silver ion must be taken into account.
Lanthanide-Induced Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Shifts and Molecular Structure of l-Azetidine-2-Carboxylic Acid. I. Evaluation of the Shifts Intrinsic to the Lanthanide-Substrate 1:1 Complex
Authors: Inagaki Fuyuhiko , Takahashi Seizo , Tasumi Mitsuo , Miyazawa Tatsuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The lanthanide-induced PMR shifts (LIS) were observed in D2O solution of l-azetidine-2-carboxylic acid using europium, nitrate as shift reagent. Two series of measurements were carried out with the successive dilution and the incremental dilution methods. The analysis of observed data shows that the formation of 1: 2 complex between the lanthanide ion and the substrate molecule should be taken into account in addition to 1:1 complex. The LIS’s intrinsic to 1: 1 and 1:2 complexes were evaluated. An experimental method appropriate for obtaining the ratio of the LIS’s intrinsic to 1: 1 complex is proposed.
Profiles of the Distribution of Atoms in the Nitrous Oxide–acetylene Flame
Authors: Fujiwara Kitao , Haraguchi Hiroki , Fuwa Keiichiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The distributions of neutral atoms in the nitrous oxide–acetylene flame have been measured by nebulizing aquo ions of the following sixteen elements into the flame; cadmium, nickel, zinc, copper, lead, cobalt, manganese, iron, chromium, molybdenum, calcium, tin, gallium, indium, titanium, and boron. The distributions have been figured on the response surfaces on which the changes in distribution are expressed as functions of the flame height and the acetylene flow rate. The response surfaces for the temperature and the OH radical were also investigated. The response surfaces for the atomic absorptions of the elements can be related to the thermodynamic properties of the oxides of the elements. The results have then been used for the discussion of the atomization processes of the elements in the flame. In addition, the sensitivities of absorption spectrometry in the nitrous oxide–acetylene flame have been compared to those in the air–acetylene flame.
The Chelation of 3-(p-Hydroxybenzylidene)-2,4-pentanedione with the Thallous Ion
Authors: Kawato Toshio , Kanatomi Hajime , Demura Yoichi , Murase Ichiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A thallous compound of 3-(p-hydroxybenzylidene)-2,4-pentanedione was synthesized and its structure was determined by means of the infrared and proton magnetic resonance spectra. This compound was regarded as a thallous phenolate derivative; however, the effect of chelation by the 2,4-pentanedionate moiety due to a longrange anionotropy was observed. The acetyl proton exchange of the Tl(I) compound in D2O was observed by a PMR investigation. It was found that the methyl-proton exchange was inhibited by chelation.
Structure of Polyvanadotungstates. I. The Crystal Structure of α-(CN3H6)4V2W4O19
Authors: Nishikawa Keiko , Kobayashi Akiko , Sasaki Yukiyoshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Crystals of α-(CN3H6)4V2W4O19 are monoclinic, space group P21 with the cell dimensions, a=14.85(2), b=19.48(2), c=9.48(1) Å, β=92.6(2)°. The X-ray structure determination showed that V2W4O194− anion has the hexaniobate-type structure consisting of 6 edge-shared MO6 octahedra. Each M position is randomly occupied by vanadium and tungsten atoms with a 2: 4 probability. This randomness makes it impossible to determine whether V2W4O194− anion has the cis or trans configuration or both. The final R value was 0.086 with anisotropic temperature factors for metals and isotropic factors for other lighter atoms.
The Extraction of Bis(8-picolylideneaminoquinoline)iron(II) Perchlorate into Nitrobenzene
Authors: Otomo Makoto , Kodama Kazunobu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The green chelate cation of bis(8-picolylideneaminoquinoline)iron(II) can be extracted into nitrobenzene as the form of the ion-pair with various univalent anions. The extractability with these anions is decreased in the order of B(C6H5)4−≈ClO4−&gt;SCN−&gt;I&gt;&gt;NO3−&gt;Br−&gt;Cl−&gt;&gt;CH3COO−. The extractive reaction with perchlorate ions has been applied to the spectrophotometric determination of minute amounts of iron(II). The nitrobenzene extract gives two characteristic charge-transfer (d→π*) bands at 663 and 569 nm. Under the optimum conditions of pH, ligand concentration and shaking time, Beer’s law is obeyed up to 1.2×10−4 M iron(II) in the organic phase. The molar absorptivity is 7.04×103 l·mol−1·cm−1 at 663 nm. The proposed method is selective and can be used for the determination of iron(II) in the presence of fairly large amounts of various ions, provided high concentrations of the ligand or suitable masking agents are used. A kinetic study made to obtain an information on the extraction mechanism of the ion-pair of this type showed that the rate equation can be represented as
-\fracd[Fe^2+]dt=k_0[Fe^2+][8-PAQ]_org^2(1+k_1[ClO_4^-])
where k0 and k1 are respectively the rate constant and a constant.
Syntheses and Properties of 2′-Aminobiphenyl-2-ol and Its Copper(II) Complexes
Authors: Mori Iwao 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A new bidentate ligand, 2′-aminobiphenyl-2-ol(Habp), was synthesized. An examination of its behavior toward metal ions proved that, depending on the reaction conditions, the ligand gave mononuclear or polynuclear copper (II) complexes with seven-membered chelate rings. The complexes of the following compositions were thus characterized: Cu(abp)2, Cu(abp)2·H2O, Cu(abp)2·C6H6, Cu(abp)2·CH3COOC2H5, and Cu5(abp)8(OH)2·3H2O.
Photo-ethoxycarbonylation of Anisole, Dimethylaniline and Thiophene in Carbon Tetrachloride–Ethanol Solutions
Authors: Akiyama Takeo , Ikarashi Osamu , Iwasaki Koji , Sugimori Akira 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
UV-Irradiation of anisole, dimethylaniline and thiophene with carbon tetrachloride in ethanol produced ethoxycarbonylated compounds. In general, this photo-ethoxycarbonylation proceeds effectively when a charge transfer complex between aromatic compound and carbon tetrachloride is excited. Attack of tnchloromethyl radicals formed by the sensitized decomposition of carbon tetrachloride also occurs in parallel with the charge transfer mechanism.
Bitter Principles of Aquifoliaceae. III. The Structures and Stereochemistry of Three Aglycones Obtained by the Hydrolysis of Latifoloside A, a Bitter Glycoside from Ilex latifolia Thunb.
Authors: Ochi Masamitsu , Ochiai Katsumi , Nagao Kosho , Kubota Takashi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
From the leaves of Ilex latifolia Thunb., two new bitter glycosides, latifoloside, A and B, have been isolated. The acid hydrolysis of A afforded three triterpenoid aglycones, which have been formulated by spectroscopic and chemical evidence as I, II, and III respectively.
Dehydrobromination of 16-Bromodihydroenmein-type Compounds
Authors: Isobe Takahiko , Kubota Takashi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
16-Bromodihydroenmein diacetate (IV) obtained from dihydroenmein diacetate (III) by bromination with N-bromosuccinimide was dehydrobrominated with lithium chloride in dimethylformamide to give a product, the structure of which was elucidated as the intermolecular ether (VIII). The dimeric ether compound was also formed by similar reactions from the derivative of isodocarpin.
Tris(benzimidazo)-1,3,5-triazine from the Thermolysis of 2-Aryloxybenzimidazoles
Authors: Ishida Sadahiro , Fukushima Yoshiaki , Sekiguchi Shizen , Matsui Kohji 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
2-Aryloxybenzimidazoles gave tris(benzimidazo)-[1,2-a: 1′,2′-c: 1″,2″-e]-1,3,5-triazine and phenol in almost quantitative yields upon heating at 230–250 °C, while in the reaction in cumene small amounts of 2-aryloxy-1,2′-dibenzimidazole and dicumyl were obtained along with the major products. On the other hand, 2-phenylthiobenzimidazole gave diphenyl disulfide and 1,2′-dibenzimidazole, together with tris(benzimidazo)-1,3,5-triazine. The thermolysis is assumed to proceed by step-by-step radical processes involving the formation of such intermediates as 2-aryloxy-1,2′-dibenzimidazole and 2-aryloxy-1,2′-1′,2″-trisbenzimidazole.
The Acid-Catalyzed Cyclization of 2,3-Dimethyl-2-phenethyl-3-cyclohexen-1-one
Authors: Kusumi Takenori , Ohno Nobuo , Kakisawa Hiroshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The cyclization of 2,3-dimethyl-2-phenethyl-3-cyclohexen-1-one 6a with aluminum chloride gave 4a,cis-10a-dimethyl-3,4,4a,9,10,10a-hexahydro-1 (2H)-phenanthrone 8a. The stereochemistry of the latter was established by synthesizing 4a,cis-10a-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,4a,9,10,10a-octahydrophenanthrene 10 through Diels-Alder reaction of 3-formyl-4a,cis-8a-dimethyl-4a,5,6,7,8,8a-hexahydro-2(1H)-naphthalenone 20 with butadiene.
Asymmetric Induction in Friedel-Crafts Reaction with (+)-1,2-Epoxybutane and (−)-2-Chloro-1-butanol
Authors: Nakajima Tadashi , Nakamoto Yoshiaki , Suga Sohei 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The alkylation of benzene with (+)-1,2-epoxybutane in the presence of Lewis acid gave a mixture of optically active 2-phenyl-1-butanol (I) and 3-phenyl-1-butanol (II) together with a mixture of optically active 2-chloro-1-butanol (III), 3-chloro-1-butanol (IV) and 1-chloro-2-butanol (V). The formation of (−)-I and (−)-III suggests that the ring opening of the epoxide proceeds with an inversion of configuration, while that of optically active II and IV suggests an asymmetric induction at the carbon adjacent to the terminal methyl group of the epoxide. The reactions with aluminum chloride at 20 °C and with stannic chloride at −20 °C gave (+)-II in 10% and (−)-IV in 56% optical yield, respectively. In the reaction of (−)-III with benzene, such an asymmetric induction was also found to give (+)-II in 21–24% optical yield. The probable mechanism of this induction was discussed on the basis of the stability of the transition state conformations.
The Viscosity of Gaseous Sulfur Dioxide
Authors: Iwasaki Hiroji , Takahashi Mitsuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The viscosity of sulfur dioxide was measured in the range from 25 to 160 °C over the pressure range from 1 atm to near the saturation pressure at 25–150 °C and up to 80 atm at 160 °C by means of the oscillating-disk method. The accuracy of the measurement is, at worst, ±0.25%, except that the accuracy is ±0.3% for the range above 66 atm at 160 °C. It is found that, at temperatures from 25 to 75 °C, the viscosity of sulfur dioxide shows a steady decrease with the pressure (or density) and that at 100 and 125 °C it passes through a minimum. On the contrary, the isotherms at 150 and 160 °C show a steady increase with the pressure (or density). The data were fitted to the polynomials of the density at each temperature investigated. The coefficient of the first-order density term in the equation, which indicates the degree of the initial density dependence, changes its sign from negative to positive at a temperature of about 135 °C.
Adsorption of Neutral Organic Substances Evaluated from Electrocapillary Curves and Double Layer Capacities
Authors: Niki Katsumi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Adsorption of neutral organic substances on mercury electrode was evaluated from both electrocapillary curves and differential capacities of the double layer. The results were compared for the adsorption of n-aliphatic alcohols, phenol, and o-cresol in 0.5 M H2SO4. There was some evidence that the electrode potential was more favorable than the charge on the electrode as an electrical variable in the adsorption of the n-aliphatic alcohols. However, the values deduced from the Frumkin model were generally larger than the θ’s obtained from the electrocapillary curves. This discrepancy is probably due to the deviation from the two-condensers-in-parallel model, because, the two condensers were not independent in an actual system. Neither the two-condensers-in-parallel model nor the three-condensers-in-parallel model were applicable to the adsorption of aromatic compounds.
The Inner-Sphere Mechanism Interpreted by the Hydrogen Ion Effect on the Fe2+ Reduction Rate of Oxalato-, Malonato-, Glycolato-, and Chloro-Cobalt(III) Complexes in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Ohashi Kousaburo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The hydrogen ion effect on the rate of the Fe2+ reduction of oxalato-, glycolato-, and chloro-cobalt(III) complexes was investigated kinetically. It was found that the rates of the Fe2+ reduction of cobalt(III) complexes such as trans(N)-Co(ox)(β-ala)2−, trans(N)-Co(ox)(gly)2−, trans(N)-Co(ox)(gly)(en), Co(ox)33−, and trans-(O,Cl)-Co(Cl)(am)(dien)+ (am=glycinate, α-alaninate or β-alaninate ions) increase with an increase in the hydrogen ion concentration. This result can be explained by accounting for the protonation of the oxygen atom of the carbonyl group of the nonbridging ligand. The inner-sphere mechanism can be deduced for the Fe2+ reductions of these complexes due to the hydrogen-ion effect. Moreover, a kinetic study of the Fe2+ reduction reaction of Co(Hmalo)(NH3)52+ and Co(malo)(NH3)5+ was carried out. An inner-sphere mechanism for these reactions is proposed from an analysis of the kinetic data. Discussion of the structure of the precursor complex and of the rate determining step for the Fe2+ reduction reactions of cobalt(III) complexes are also made.
Copper(II) Chelates with Some Photographic Color Intermediates. Structure-Stability Relationships
Authors: Shawali Ahmad S , El-Hilaly Ahmad E , El-Ezaby Mohammad S 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Acid dissociation constants, pK1 of a series of benzoylacetanilides (Ia–i) have been determined potentiometrically in 50 vol% ethanol–water media at 30 °C. The stability constants, logβ1, of their copper(II) chelates have also been determined. The effects of substituents on the anilide moiety of the ligand on the equilibria are discussed. The data were correlated by the equations: pK1=9.39–0.916 σ; logβ1=1.34pK1−5.42; and logβ1=7.20–1.44 σ. These results were taken to imply that the stabilization by dative metal-to-ligand π-bonding is not significant in copper(II)–benzoylacetanilide complexes.
Non-isothermal Studies of Adduct Molecules of Metallic Halides with Oxo Compounds in Solid State. II
Authors: Chaudhuri N Ray , Mitra S 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Non-isothermal studies of several adduct molecules of metallic halides with oxo-compounds as the type MX2(THF)y, in solid state were carried out with a Derivatograph, where M is Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) or Cd(II), X is Cl− or Br−, THF is the abbreviated form of tetrahydrofuran and y is 0.25–2.00. These adduct molecules lost tetrahydrofuran in single or multiple steps upon heating. Thermally stable intermediate products were isolated and characterised by elemental analysis and IR spectral measurement. The activation energy for each step of decomposition of the adducts was evaluated from the analysis of TG, DTG, and DTA curves of the respective derivatograms. Enthalpy change was evaluated from DTA peak area and order of reaction was found to be unity for each step of decomposition. Thermal parameters for the above adducts were compared with those of the adducts of dioxane.
Studies of Tritylated Pentoses and Methyl Pentoses. I. The O-Tritylation of Methyl α-d-Fucopyranoside
Authors: Otake Toshiki , Sonobe Toru 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Two trityl derivatives of fucose, methyl 2-O- (II) and 3-O-trityl α-d-fucopyranoside (III), were obtained in good yields by the reaction of methyl α-d-fucopyranoside (I) and trityl chloride in pyridine. The ratio of II and III in the reaction mixture was about 3 : 2. The structures were mainly established by NMR with appropriate derivatives. The gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of the partial methyl ethers of I was also discussed.
Solvent Effects on Stereo and Regioselectivities of Ring-opening Reaction of Epoxide with Aluminum Chloride
Authors: Inoue Masashi , Sugita Toshio , Kiso Yoshiaki , Ichikawa Katsuhiko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The ring-opening of 2,3-epoxybutane with aluminum chloride yielding 3-chloro-2-butanol was carried out in several different solvents. The reaction proceeds with 94% retention of configuration in a nitromethane solvent. The retentive ring-opening was observed to variable extents when nitro compounds, ethers, and aromatics were utilized as the solvents, but a complete inversion resulted in the other solvents. The regioselectivity was examined using 1,2-epoxypropane. The composition of the 1-chloro-2-propanol and 2-chloro-1-propanol thus produced was also strongly affected by the solvent. The latter was exclusively produced in nitromethane, though the former predominated in several other solvents. The structure of aluminum chloride in various solvents is discussed, and aluminum chloride-solvent 1 : 1 addition compounds in solution are concluded to be important for retentive and abnormal ring-opening.
Steroids. I. The bromination of 1α-Methyl and 1α-Phenyl-3-keto Steroids
Authors: Takahashi T Tomoyoshi , Satoh J Yasuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1α-Phenyl-5α-cholestan-3-one was prepared from 5α-cholestan-1-en-3-one by treatment with the Grignard reagent in the presence of copper (I) chloride. In the mono- and dibromination of 1α-methyl-3-keto steroids, it was found that the position and configuration of bromine were the same as in the case of the 1-nonsubstituted 3-keto steroid. The A-ring conformations of these bromoketones were studied by means of NMR and ORD.
Aminocyclitols. 33. Synthesis of Diaminocyclopentanetriols
Authors: Tadano Kinnichi , Emori Yasufumi , Ayabe Mitsukuni , Suami Tetsuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Three hitherto unknown 2,5-diamino-1,3,4-cyclopentanetriols have been prepared. Their structures were established by chemical evidence.
Effects of Alkali Metal Cation, Solvent, and Alkylating Agent on the Alkylation of Alkali Metal Enolates of Ethyl Acetoacetate
Authors: Hara Yoshinori , Matsuda Minoru 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Alkylation of Li+, Na+, and K+ enolates of ethyl acetoacetate by dimethyl sulfite in dimethyl sulfoxide, hexamethylphosphoric triamide, and N,N-dimethylformamide at 50 °C has been studied. The ratio of O/(C+C,C)-alkylation is considerably dependent on the size of the counter cation and the solvent. The tightness of the ion pair is responsible for determining the ratio. The structure of alkylating agents has also influence upon the alkylation ratio. Dimethyl sulfite gives a higher O/(C+C,C)-alkylation ratio than methyl halides which may be ascribed to the hard methyl sulfite anion as leaving group.
The Enzyme-like Reaction Catalyzed by Flavin-Reduced Keratin Systems
Authors: Takahashi Fujio , Ogasa Tatsuo , Hirano Morio , Suzuki Shuichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The reduced keratin (RK), which was obtained by the reductive cleavage of human hair, was found to act as an apoenzyme and to furnish the reaction field for flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD): the absorbance of the succinic acid–FAD–RK system in solution increased in the region of 200–250 nm with the lapse of time. From this system fumaric acid was isolated. FAD was found to form a complex with RK and the FAD–RK complex exhibited a catalytic activity for the dehydrogenation reaction of succinic acid to fumaric acid. FAD was reduced in this reaction and the reduced FAD was oxidized by oxygen. It was found that the process of the dehydrogenation reaction obeyed the Michaelis-Menten kinetics; the equilibrium constants of the complex formation between FAD and RK were determined by measuring the initial velocities of the dehydrogenation reaction. The binding site of FAD and RK in the complex was discussed.
Primary Photochemical Process of Sulfur in Solution
Authors: Nishijima Chiho , Kanamaru Nobuaki , Kimura Katsumi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A photochemical intermediate possibly attributed to linear S8 has been found with a flash-photolysis technique and a rigid-glass technique. The decay behavior of transient in ethanol at room temperature between 10 and 100 ms may be interpreted in terms of the dimerization and polymerization of the linear S8.
The Infrared Frequency Shift and Half Width of the Hydrogen-Bonded Band in Some Phenol–Nitrile Systems
Authors: Jawed Inam 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The relationship between the infrared frequency shift and half width of the hydrogen bonded band for a number of phenol-nitrile systems has been studied. A linear relationship, (Δν1⁄2)bonded=0.31Δν+21.7 cm−1, has been obtained. It seems that in such plots the intercept is about the magnitude of the half width of the free or unbonded ν(XH) band; i.e., at zero value of the frequency shift, the half width of the bonded band equals that of the free band.
The Structure and Reactivity of [Zn(OMe)2·(EtZnOMe)6]
Authors: Ishimori Michihiro , Hagiwara Tokio , Tsuruta Teiji , Kai Yasushi , Yasuoka Noritake , Kasai Nobutami 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The molecular structure of [Zn(OMe)2·(EtZnOMe)6], an enantiomorphic catalyst for the polymerisation of methyloxirane, has been determined.
Branched-chain Sugars. VI. Reaction of Methylene Dimagnesium Bromide with Uloses
Authors: Yoshimura Juji , Sato Ken-ichi , Wakai Hiroo , Funabashi Masuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Application of methylene dimagnesium bromide, instead of the Wittig reagent, to several uloses gave the corresponding methylene derivatives in nearly equal yields, when the hydroxyl groups vicinal to the carbonyl function are protected with alkaline-stable groups.
The Inclusion Effects of Cyclodextrins on the Photolysis of p-Benzoquinone in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Yamada Kazutoshi , Kohmoto Shigeo , Iida Hirotada 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The additive effects of cyclodextrins on the photolysis of p-benzoquinone in water were investigated spectrophotometrically. By applying Michaelis-Menten keinetics, the dissociation constant of the inclusion complex was determined. The quantum yield for the formation of hydroquinone from the complex increased, while that of 2-hydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone decreased.
Olefination of Aldehydes by Methylenedicalcium Diiodide
Authors: Kawabata Nariyoshi , Naka Michiharu , Komazawa Takao , Yamashita Shinzo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Reaction of diiodomethane with calcium in tetrahydrofuran gave methylenedicalcium diiodide in 17% yield. Reaction of the calcium compound with aldehydes was shown to give the corresponding olefins in estimated yields of 53–94%.
Studies of Spontaneous Emulsification. II. The Effect of Nonionic Surfactants
Authors: Ogino Keizo , Ota Motoki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
At the oil/water interface, spontaneous emulsification occurs when oil containing certain oil-soluble substances such as cholesterol is allowed to stand in contact with aqueous nonionic surfactant solutions. In this study, the interfacial tension between oil and water phases was measured in the presence of various oil-soluble substances, such as cholesterol, 1-dodecanol, and cis-9-octadecene-1-ol, added as ingredients in oil and various nonionic and anionic surfactants added in water, this study ascertained their effects on the emulsification.