bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Invasive laryngeal candidiasis: a cause of stridor in the previously irradiated patient
Authors: Ganesan S. , Harar R.P.S. , Dawkins R. S. , Prior A. J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractUpper airway obstruction is always a serious condition. In patients who have previously been irradiated for a laryngeal malignancy, it normally implies either residual or recurrent disease. We report a case of stridor due to invasive laryngeal candidiasis in a patient who had undergone radiotherapy for a T1aN0squamous cell carcinoma of the glottis eight months earlier. Extensive investigation failed to identify recurrence of disease and the patient responded to prolonged topical antifungal therapy. Infection withCandidaspecies is most frequently found in debilitated or immunocompromised patients. Although cases of upper airway obstruction in children secondary to idiopathic laryngeal candidiasis have been reported, to our knowledge no such presentation has been described in adults. This report highlights the difficulty of diagnosis and treatment. Familiarity with candidal infection is important for early diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
Recurrent unilateral tonsillitis secondary to a penetrating foreign body in the tonsil
Authors: Sekhar P. , El-Jassar P. , Ell S. R. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe report a case of an impacted foreign body in the tonsil presenting as recurrent unilateral tonsillitis. A completely embedded foreign body should be considered in cases of recurrent unilateral tonsillitis.
Tuberculosis of the mandible in a child
Authors: Kothari Prasad , Bartella Lia , Carter John , Chan Otto , Piper Kim 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe incidence of notification of tuberculosis is increasing in the developed world. The disease has a variable mode of presentation and therefore diagnosis is not easy. We present an unusual case of tuberculosis involving the ramus of the mandible in a six-year-old boy and outline its management.
Tuberculosis of the parotid gland
Authors: Süoǧlu Yusufhan , Erdamar Burak , Çölhan İsmail , Katircioǧlu O. Sami , Çevikbas Uǧur 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe presentation of tuberculosis as an isolated parotid lump is rare. In this paper, six cases with tuberculous parotitis are reported which were evaluated as a benign parotid neoplasm in 216 specimens pre-operatively. All but one of them had no previous history of tuberculosis and all had a parotid lump as a sole symptom for at least one year. The diagnosis of tuberculosis was made, after superficial parotidectomy, by histopathology. Parenchymal involvement and intraparotid lymph node involvement with tuberculosis were seen in five and three patients, respectively. Two of the patients had lymph node involvement outside the parotid area. One of six patients had a coincidental Warthin tumour. A surgical approach is not only therapeutic but also diagnostic when other diagnostic tools fail.
Study of common aerobic flora of human cerumen
Authors: Campos A. , Arias A. , Betancor L. , Rodríguez C. , Hernández A. M. , Aguado D. López , Sierra A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractCerumen is the product of the secretion of the sebaceous, ceruminous or apocrine glands together with cells exfoliated from the cornified stratum of the epithelium of the external auditory canal (EAC).In the present study we identified and quantified common flora of human cerumen. The mean count obtained was 106microorganisms per ml of cerumen suspension.In 24 pools of cerumen (33.3 per cent) the isolates were monomicrobial,Staphylococcus epidermidis(12),Corynebacteriumspp (10),Staphylococcus aureus(1) andStreptococcus saprophyticum(1). In 48 pools (66.6 per cent) we found polymicrobial isolates.The most commonly isolated bacteria in these polymicrobial isolates wereS. epidermidis(35) andCorynebacteriumspp. (43). It is noteworthy that there were isolates ofCandida albicansin three cases; in one case ofPseudomonas stutzeri, in one case ofPseudomonas aeruginosa, and, on seven occasions, ofS. aureus.The organisms isolated as common bacterial components of human cerumen in our experience were similar to those found by other authors. However, the mean count was much higher. This could be related t o climatic conditions and to the length of time the cerumen had remained in the external auditory canal.
Isolated sphenoethmoid recess poiyps
Authors: Sethi Dharambir S. , Lau David P. C. , Chee Lincoln W. J. , Chong Vincent 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIsolated sphenoethmoid recess (SER) polyps are rare. They usually arise from the sphenoid sinus. We report six patients with SER polyps as the only abnormal clinical finding at initial presentation. All cases were investigated with outpatient biopsy and computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Pre-operative histology revealed three cases of inflammatory disease, two cases with inverted papilloma, and one case of an ectopic pituitary adenoma arising from the sphenoid sinus. One of the inflammatory polyps arose directly from the mucosa around the sphenoid ostium. The other five cases involved the sphenoid sinus. Except for the ectopic pituitary adenoma all the polyps were managed by transnasal endoscopic surgery. We emphasize that isolated SER polyps may signify existing sphenoid pathology and a pre-operative biopsy is valuable for planning surgery.
Grommet insertion in children: a survey of parental perceptions
Authors: Karkanevatos A. , Lesser T. H. J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractGrommet insertion is a widely accepted method of treatment of glue ear in children. There have been questions raised over the last few years about the indications for grommets and whether assessing the hearing alone is an efficient outcome measure. Parental pressure accounts for one of the factors that is taken into consideration when the decision to insert grommets for glue ear is made. In this paper, a prospective questionnaire is used to investigate the parental perceptions of the effectiveness of grommet insertion in children, focusing on alternative outcome measures such as general health, language, and social skills. The results of this survey suggest that grommet insertion causes improvement in many factors other than hearing and this seems to account for the parental pressure for siblings to have grommet insertion.
Expression of transforming growth factor-α (TGF-α) in cholesteatoma
Authors: Shiwa Masanori , Kojima Hiromi , Moriyama Hiroshi 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThis study aims at elucidating the role of cytokines in the mechanism of proliferation of cholesteatoma epithelium by investigating the mode of expression of epidermal growth factors, such as TGF-α. The subjects of this study were patients who had undergone operation for middle ear cholesteatoma. Skins of the bone region of the externalear canal (normal skin) of the same patients were used as the negative control. The mode of expression of TGF-α was studied by immunohistochemistry andin situhybridization. In the immunohistochemical study, there were no conspicuous differences observed between cholesteatoma tissues and normal skin. Afterin situhybridization, expression of TGF-α mRNA was mainly observed in the epidermal basal cell layer in the normal skin, while in the cholesteatoma epidermis with severe inflammatory cell infiltration, expression of TFG-α mRNA was observed up to layers superior to the basal cell layer. The expression of TGF-α mRNA is greatly affected by subepithelial connective tissue, strongly suggesting involvement of paracrine regulation in proliferation of cholesteatomaepithelium.
Management of subglottic haemangioma
Authors: Martin Bailey C. , Froehlich Patrick , Hoeve Hans L. J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTwo contrasting methods of treatment for paediatric subglottic haemangioma are presented. Dr. Hoeve describes his results using intralesional steroids and short-term intubation, and Dr. Froehlich discusses his outcomes with open surgical excision. Mr. Bailey then reviews the currently available therapeutic options with special reference to each of the above techniques, and suggests an optimum plan of management given our current state of knowledge.The conclusion is that very small haemangiomas may not require treatment, or may be amenable to CO2 laser vaporization. Medium-sized lesions seem suitable for intra-lesional steroids and intubation, but large ones are probably best managed by primary submucous resection. Very large haemangiomas, and especially those which are circumferential or in which magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) shows extension down into the trachea and/or through the tracheal wall into the surrounding tissues, may be more safely dealt with by performing a tracheostomy and awaiting spontaneous involution.
An unusual presentation of a nasal septal abscess
Authors: Cuddihy P. J. , Srinivasan V. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractNasal septal abscess is a rare complication of septal haematoma. Nasal obstruction and, less frequently, pain are the usual presenting features. We report a case of a nasal septal abscess in a 21-year-old female patient who developed a naso-oral fistula. To our knowledge this is the first report of such an unusual presentation of a septal abscess. The aetiology, pathogenesis and management of septal abscesses are discussed.
Tuberculosis of the pyriform fossa – a rare entity
Authors: Goyal Alka , Nagarkar Nitin M. , Uppal K. S. , Mohan Harsh , Dass Arjun 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTuberculosis of the pharynx is less common than tuberculosis of the larynx. We present a rare case of tuberculosis of the pyriform fossa which clinically masqueraded as a malignancy. Our patient showed a prompt improvement in symptoms after commencing antitubercular treatment.
A precricoid swelling in a patient treated with Teflon injection in the vocal fold after idiopathic left vocal fold palsy
Authors: Jol J. A. D. , Seedat R. Y. , Skinner D. W. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractVocal fold palsy is a cause of dysphonia. Due to incomplete glottic closure during phonation, patients with a unilateral vocal fold palsy present with a weak and breathy voice and recurrent aspiration. To lessen the clinical manifestations of unilateral vocal fold palsy, polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon) paste is one agent which has been injected into the paraglottic region, thus causing the vocal fold to move more medially. One of the complications associated with Teflon paste injection is migration of the paste into the surrounding tissues. We present a patient with idiopathic left vocal fold palsy who underwent Teflon injection to the vocal fold and subsequently developed a precricoid nodule, mimicking a cartilaginous swelling.
Well-differentiated liposarcoma of the hypopharynx
Authors: Fahmy Fahmy Fayez , Osborne Jonathan , Khalil Hisham Saleh , Rodgers Brian 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe present a case of well-differentiated liposarcoma of the hypopharynx in a 51-year-old male, with a review of the literature of this very rare condition.
Primary presentation of spontaneous jugular vein thrombosis to the otolaryngologist - in three different pathologies
Authors: Kale U. S. , Wight R. G. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAn otolaryngologist is conversant with the potential of middle-ear disease leading to lateral sinus thrombosis and subsequent jugular vein thrombosis, although this is becoming an increasingly rare event. Spontaneous jugular vein thrombosis from non-otological causes, however, is not well described in the otolaryngology literature. We present three cases of jugular vein thrombosis who presented primarily to the Otolaryngology department each attributable to a different pathology including discoid lupus erythematosus, antiphospholipid syndrome and metastatic malignancy. Awareness needs to be increased of this condition in the differential diagnosis of acute neck swelling and neck pain.
Neck abscess: an unusual presentation of a thoracic malignancy
Authors: Thorp M. A. , Carrie S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIn general, malignancies presenting as abscesses are uncommon. We report on a patient that presented with a neck abscess originating in a cluster of metastatic lymph nodes from a primary squamous cell carcinoma arising in the thoracic oesophagus.
An endoscopic approach to the deviated nasal septum – a preliminary study
Authors: Nayak Dipak Ranjan , Balakrishnan R. , Murthy K. Deepak 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe authors have used the nasal endoscope for the precise identification of pathological abnormalities of the nasal septum in relation to the lateral nasal wall including the osteo-meatal complex and in its ultraconservative management. The aim of the study was to compare the efficacies of endoscope-aided septoplasty (EAS) over traditional septoplasty (TS) in treating the pathological septum and turbinates, performed in 30 cases each. The subjective assessment was carried out by visual analogue scores and objective assessment by nasal endoscopy. This study demonstrates the superiority and limitations of the endoscopic approach in managing a deviated nasal septum and the turbinates. The endoscope-aided technique was found to be more effective in relieving the contact areas and nasal obstruction (p = ≤0.05). The authors advocate a combined approach – an endoscopic approach for inaccessible posterior deviation and the conservative traditional technique for accessible anterior deviation of the nasal septum.
Fibrous dysplasia and ossifying fibroma of the paranasal sinuses
Authors: Commins D. J. , Tolley N. S. , Milford C. A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractFibro-osseous lesions involving the paranasal sinuses, the mid-face and anterior skull base are uncommon. In addition, there appears to be no clear pathological or clinical classification that embraces the variety of lesions that exhibit such diverse pathological and clinical behaviour, yet may still be referred to as a fibro-osseous lesion. The diagnosis of fibrous dysplasia and ossifying fibroma is made on a combination of clinical, radiological and pathological criteria.This paper emphasizes the clinical and pathological differences between fibrous dysplasia and ossifying fibroma. The more aggressive clinical behaviour of the latter is highlighted and a more radical surgical approach i s recommended. In contradistinction, fibrous dysplasia can exhibit a more benign behaviour and radical surgery s i not always justified.A clinicopathological distinction between these two conditions is important from a management perspective despite the fact that they both may be encompassed under the ‘umbrella’ term fibro-osseous lesion.
Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the maxillary sinus in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
Authors: Forno Antonio Del , Borgo Cosmo Del , Turriziani Adriana , Ottaviani Fabrizio , Antinori Andrea , Fantoni Massimo 
Published: November 2007

AbstractNon-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is one of the most common malignancies in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); it occurs 25–60 times more frequently in HIV-infected patients than in the general population. This neoplasm in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients is a highly aggressive tumour with a poor prognosis and tends to develop in extranodal sites, such as the central nervous system, digestive tract and bone marrow. NHL involving the paranasal sinuses is rare in HIV-infected patients, and is likely to be confused clinically and radiographically with sinusitis; moreover, its optimal treatment is currently uncertain.We present a case of NHL involving the left maxillary sinus in a patient with AIDS. The patient was treated with systemic chemotherapy (low dose-CHOP), but the malignancy did not respond. Subsequently, he was treated with local maxillary sinus irradiation which resulted in partial regression of the neoplasm and in decrease of local symptoms.
The blastic variant of mantle cell lymphoma arising in Waldeyer's tonsillar ring
Authors: Ives Aguilera Nadine S. , Uusafr M. , Wenig Bruce M. , Abbondanzo Susan L. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe present three cases of blastic mantle cell lymphoma with an unusual initial manifestation in Waldeyer's ring with methods for differentiating it from other blastic neoplasms of the head and neck. All cases presented with a feeling of fullness inthe area of the mass. Morphologically, the tumours were blastic with a high mitotic rate (three to nine per high power field). All were B-cell phenotype with coexpression of CD43. In all cases cyclin Dl and bcl-2 were positive and CD23 negative. Blastic mantle cell lymphoma occurring in Waldeyer's tonsillar ring may be mistaken for other high grade haematopoietic neoplasms. Immunohistochemistry and awareness of this type of lymphoma arehelpful in differentiating it from other neoplasms.
A skull base extradural hypoglossal neurilemmoma resected via an extended posterolateral approach
Authors: Myatt H. M. , Holland N. J. , Cheesman A. D. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe case of a 43-year-old man with a right skull base hypoglossal neurilemmoma excised via the extended posterolateral approach is presented. There is only one previous case of hypoglossal neurilemmoma in the literature. The surgical technique described is a new approach to the posterior skull base involving a suboccipital craniectomy, mastoidectomy and the removal of the lateral process of the atlas. It provides an inferior approach to the jugular foramen and hypoglossal canal that allows the lower cranial nerves to be identified as they exit from their skull base foraminae. In the discussion we compare this technique to other surgical approaches previously described for access to the region of the jugular foramen.
Late complications of nasal augmentation using silicone implants
Authors: Pak Martin Wai , Yin Chan Eric Sun , van Hasselt Charles Andrew 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAlloplastic nasal augmentation with silicone elastomer (Silastic) is popular in areas of Asia. Although the silicones are bio-inert, they have been implicated in a number of adverse reactions after implantation. We report our experience of three patients who presented with late complications after nasal augmentation using Silastic implants. The mechanisms of implant failure are proposed. It is advised that this material should only be used on an individual basis in carefully selected cases.
Dysphagia secondary to invasive candidiasis of a jejunal free flap
Authors: Ayshford C. A. , Walsh R. M. , Watkinson J. C. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe presence of a mass in a jejunal free flap that causes dysphagia less than two years after a pharyngolaryngectomy for carcinoma usually indicates tumour recurrence. We present a case of invasive candidiasis of a jejunal free flap presenting with dysphagia and a mass. To our knowledge this is previously unreported. Such a cause should always be considered in the differential diagnosis, as early recognition and treatment are likely, to result in a favourable outcome.
Tympanoplasty in children – a prospective study
Authors: Bajaj Yogesh , Bais A. S. , Mukherjee Bakul 
Published: November 2007

AbstractConsiderable controversy surrounds the subject of tympanoplasty in children. This prospective study looked at the results of type-I tympanoplasty in children. Forty-five children in the age group of five to 14 years were selected for the study. All these cases had a central perforation without any evidence of cholesteatoma. The ear to be operated had to be dry for at least six weeks before surgery. Type I tympanoplasty was performed on these patients with autograft temporalis fascia by either the underlay or overlay technique.The overall success rates in 45 operations evaluated one year post-operatively was 91.1 per cent. The age of the patient had no influence on the success rate. The two factors which adversely influenced the success rate were the presence of near total perforation and bilateral perforations.It was concluded that type-I tympanoplasty has a good chance of success in children regardless of age.
Long-term results of vestibular nerve section
Authors: Tewary A. K. , Riley N. , Kerr A. G. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractRecords are available on 27 patients who had vestibular nerve section between 1975 and 1987 giving a follow-up time of 10 to 22 years with a mean of 16 years. Episodic vertigo was fully controlled in 26 patients, one needing a labyrinthectomy 18 months later.In addition to the patient who had labyrinthectomy, one patient had immediate post-operative profound hearing loss so that long-term follow-up of hearing was possible in 25 patients. After six months there was an overall average improvement in hearing of 1 dB. Thereafter there were average deterioration of 7 dB at two years, 15 dB at 10 years, 23 dB at 15 years and 29 dB at 20 years. This deterioration was more marked in those who had better hearing at the time of surgery, with all 10 whose hearing was classified as good deteriorating to poor by 15 years. At 10 years hearing deteriorated by 25 dB in those with good hearing and by 7 dB in those with poor hearing. In 20 per cent of patients there was audiological evidence of eventual involvement of the other ear.Tinnitus became worse in five patients but was a major problem in only one patient. One patient suffered a facial paralysis with partial recovery and, in addition, in one the frontal branch was divided in the incision.
An unusual case of otogenic pneumocephalus
Authors: Lefantzis D. , Triantos S. , Vontetsianos H. , Dokianakis G. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractOtogenic pneumocephalus is a rare entity usually caused by temporal bone trauma. This paper describes a case of otogenic pneumocephalus of traumatic origin, in which the type of the fracture (a bony spicula was detached from the mastoid) and the location (Trautmann's triangle) were uncommon.
Transorbital penetrating injury of the paranasal sinuses
Authors: Wu Ming-Ru , Shih Chang-Te , Yeh Chi-Wei 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPenetrating injuries of the paranasal sinuses due to foreign bodies are rare, especially as a result of a traffic accident. Here we report a patient with a ballpoint pen lodged in his left eye following a traffic accident. The pen extended from the medial aspect of the left orbit, through the left ethmoid sinus and the nasal septum, to the right sphenoid sinus. We removed the pen uneventfully using endoscopic sinus surgery. There are no similar reports in the English literature and we therefore present this case because of its rarity.
Current concepts in the management of paediatric rhinosinusitis
Authors: Jones N. S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIt is well recognized that adenoid hypertrophy and allergic rhinitis are common in children and that recurrent upper respiratory tract infections are a fact of life. The main causes of symptoms associated with rhinosinusitis in children are rhinorrhoea, nasal obstruction, mouth breathing, hyponasal speech and snoring. Most children grow out of adenoid hypertrophy and recurrent colds by the age of eight to 10 and this means that the main treatment strategy should therefore be conservative and not surgical. An explanation to anxious parents, simple non-invasive measures such as teaching nose-blowing, the use of saline sprays or a trial of allergen avoidance and age-appropriate topical nasal anti-inflammatory sprays should be tried before surgery is even contemplated. Because repeated infections are so common, antibiotics given for chronic nasal discharge often have only short-lived effects.Rhinosinusitis in children is not a surgical disease and ‘watchful waiting’ is advised. Any treatment should first of all be safe, as even without any intervention the problem usually resolves with time. It is likely that growth and maturation of the immunological response to pathogens play a major role in resolution of the disease. There are few exceptions to this principle: nasal polyps (indicating possible cystic fibrosis), and periorbital cellulitis where an assessment of vision, parenteral antibiotics, and if there is concern about the possibility of a subperiosteal abscess, computerized tomography (CT) and drainage of any pus is indicated.