bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Σ‐Groups as Convergence Groups
Authors: Higgs Denis 
Published: May 2007

AbstractA Σ‐group is an abelian group in which certain infinite sums are postulated to exist and to satisfy axioms suggested by the properties of unconditional sums in abelian convergence groups. Two notions of convergence are considered: in terms of nets, and in terms of filters. It is proved that every Σ‐group can be regarded as a net convergence group (of a particular type). An example is given to show that the same does not remain true if filters are used instead of nets. For the special class of ‘adic’ Σ‐groups, however, it is proved that filters are adequate.
On Strong Versions of the Central Limit Theorem
Authors: Schatte Peter 
Published: May 2007

AbstractLet Sn be the sum of n i.i.d.r.v. and let 1(‐∞,x)(·) be the indicator function of the interval (‐∞, x). Then the sequence 1(‐∞, x)(Sn/√n) does not converge for any x. Likewise the arithmetic means of this sequence converge only with probability zero. But the logarithmic means converge with probability one to the standard normal distribution Ø(x). Then for any bounded and a.e. continuous function a(y) the logarithmic means of a(Sn/√n) converge a.s. to a = ∫a(y)dØ(y). The arithmetic means of a(Snk/√n) converge to the same limit a for all subsequences nk = [ck], c > 1.
A Completion Functor for Ordered Cauchy Spaces
Authors: Kent D. C. , Vainio R. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractA completion functor is constructed on a completion subcategory of the category of ordered CAUCHY spaces which preserves regularity, total boundedness, and uniformizability. Objects in the completion subcategory include the uniformizable ordered CAUCHY spaces and the c‐embedded CAUCHY spaces with discrete order.
Geometric Properties Characteristic of Normed Linear Space
Authors: Murphy Grattan , Freese Raymond , Andalafte Edward 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThis paper provides new characterizations of arbitrary, not necessarily rotund, normed linear spaces, using triangle median properties and weakened forms of associativity and the consistent midpoint property. Connections are explored between the methods used here and a characterization announced by ARONSZAJN in 1935.
Estimates on the Spectrum of SCHRÖDINGER Operators with Attractive Boundary Conditions
Authors: Schröder Manfred 
Published: May 2007

AbstractEstimates for the infimum of the spectrum of the Schrödinger operator HQu = ‐ Δu at a half space with boundary condition un = Qu (with un denoting the inner normal derivative of u, and Q being a real‐valued function defined at the boundary), and for the number resp. density of surface states of HQ, are presented.
Manifolds with Cusps
Authors: Cromme Ludwig J. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractIn this paper manifolds with cusps are defined and their properties investigated. Manifolds with cusps are manifolds with boundary where the dimension of the tangent cone at points varies widely with that point. Examples are exponential sums, splines, and polynomials with only real roots. The investigations are motivated by numerical algorithms in approximation theory and other areas.
The Approximation Property for Nuclear Convergence Vector Spaces
Authors: Bjon Sten 
Published: May 2007

AbstractNuclear convergence spaces are studied. It is shown that an Le‐embedded convergence vector space E is LeLM‐embedded if it is Schwartz and satisfies a certain countability condition which expresses that the set of filters converging to zero is essentially countable. Further it is shown that if E is LeLM‐embedded and nuclear, then the identity E → E can be approximated with finite operators in the equable continuous convergence structure on L(E, E). This result is used in the study of the spectrum HomcHe(U) of the convergence algebra He(U) of holomorphic functions on a circled convex open set to prove sufficient conditions for the validity of the formula HomcHe(U) ∼ U.
A First Order Sufficient Condition for Optimality in Nonsmooth Optimization
Authors: Correa Rafaël , Hiriart‐Urruty Jean‐Baptiste 
Published: May 2007

AbstractWe derive a simple sufficient condition for a point a∈S⊂X be a local minimum of f: X → R on S. This condition is of the first order in its nature and takes into account the derivative (or some generalization of it) in a neighborhood of a. Applications like a sufficient condition for (a, b)∈ S × T ⊂ X × Y be a saddle‐point of a bivariate function f: X × Y ⊂ R are also proposed.
Shape as an Information‐Thermodynamical Concept and the Pattern Recognition Problem
Authors: Ingarden Roman S. , Górniewicz Lech 
Published: May 2007

AbstractA hierarchical classification of different concepts of shape of compact connected sets inRn(topological, Lipshitz, homotopic, Borsuk an homological shapes) is given. The most general among them is the homological shape. There is only a countable number of homological shapes for connected compact sets inRn. In the casen= 2 even the number of different Borsuk shapes for connected compact sets is countable. Giving a probability distribution of shapes we can define a shape entropy, a mean shape and shape fluctuations. This enables a formulation of information thermodynamics of shape and its applications to different fields (physics – small systems, chemistry, biophysics, pattern recognition). The paper does not develop yet these applications, its aim is to clear the basic notions.
Partially Commutative Moment Problems
Authors: Borchers H. J. , Yngvason Jakob 
Published: May 2007

AbstractPartially commutative tensor algebras occur naturally in the algebraic formulation of Wightman field theory. A state on an algebra of this type leads via GNS‐construction to a partially commutative family of hermitean operators on Hilbert space. We discuss the question when these operators can be extended to self adjoint operators preserving the commutation properties and state a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of such an extension in terms of a positivity property of the state.
On Normal Bases for Finite Commutative Rings
Authors: Steidl Gabriele 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThis paper is devoted to the introduction of extension rings S : = R[x]/gR[x] with a suitable polynomial g ϵ R[x] of arbitrary commutative rings R with identity and to the development of a normal basis concept of S over R, which is similar to that of Galois extensions of finite fields. We prove new results for Galois extensions of local rings and apply them together with the Chinese remainder theorem to solve the above task in a constructive way.
One‐Parameter Groups Arising from Real Subspaces of Self‐Dual Hilbert W*‐Moduli
Authors: Frank Michael 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to generalize the results of M. A. Rieffel and A. van Daele [8, §§ 1, 2, 3] for Hilbert W*‐moduli over commutative W*‐Algebras. Some special real subspaces of such Hilbert W*‐moduli and the related operators are investigated. Particularly, the relation is established between *weakly continuous unitary one‐parameter groups of operators arising from them and the generalized K.M.S. condition. All key definitions are formulated without any commutativity supposition for the underlying W*‐algebra. The interpretation of these results is given for sets of continuous sections of “self‐dual” locally trivial Hilbert bundles over hyperstonian compact spaces. At the end of this paper some aspects of the general noncommutative case are discussed.
Isometries of a Space of Continuous Functions Determined by an Involution
Authors: Grzesiak Maciej 
Published: May 2007

AbstractLet C(X, σ) be the space of all σ‐conjugate continuous complex functions, where σ is an involution on X. Surjective isometries of such spaces are investigated and a generalization of the Banach‐Stone theorem is proved.
Restricted Non‐Commutative Bernoulli Shifts
Authors: Quasthoff Uwe 
Published: May 2007

AbstractConstructing non‐commutative Bernoulli shifts one starts with a measure theoretic Bernoulli shift and an equivalence relation on the measure space. There is a doubly infinite increasing sequence of measure preserving ergodic equivalence relations giving an increasing sequence of pairwise isomorphic von Neumann algebras invariant under the Bernoulli shift automorphism. We consider the index of Jones for those subalgebras and give an explicit example of conjugate non‐commutative Bernoulli shifts.
Oscillations of Higher Order Neutral Differential Equations with Variable Coefficients
Authors: Chuanxi Q. , Ladas G. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractWe obtain sufficient conditions for the oscillation of all solutions of the higher order neutral differential equation dn/dm[y(t) + P(t) y(t ‐ μ)] + Q(t) y(t −σ) = 0, t ≧ t0 where n ≧ 1, P ϵ C[t0, ∞), R], Q ϵ C[t0, ∞), R] and τ, μ ϵ R+.Our results extend and improve several known results in the literature.
A Central Limit Theorem for the Weakly Asymmetric Simple Exclusion Process
Authors: Dittrich Peter , Gärtner Jürgen 
Published: May 2007

AbstractWe consider the one‐dimensional weakly asymmetric nearest neighbour exclusion process and study, in macroscopic space‐time coordinates, the fluctuations of the associated density field around the solution of the nonlinear BURGERS equation with viscosity. We show that this fluctuations converge to a generalized ORNSTEIN‐UHLENBECK process, the drift term of which can be obtained by linearization of the BURGERS equation. Our approach is based on a nonlinear transformation of the exclusion process.
Second‐order Characteristics for Stochastic Structures Connected with Gibbs Point Processes
Authors: Stoyan Dietrich , Grabarnik Pavel 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe points of stationary and isotropic GIBBS point process are marked by exp(corresponding local energy). For the mean mark and two mark product density functions very simple formulae are true which contain the intensity and the pair potential function of the process. Furthermore, there is a close connection between the pair correlation function of the process and the covariance function of the random field given by the conditional intensity.
A Closed Formula for the Rule of Littlewood/Richardson with Applications in the Theory of Representations of gl(V) and the Superalgebra pl(V)
Authors: Schlosser Hartmut 
Published: May 2007

AbstractA closed formula for the rule of LITTLEWOOD/RICHARDSON is given. By specialization closed formulas are gotten for the decomposition of representations of gl(V) and pl(V) resp. where V is a vector space (graduate vector space) over ℭ.
Einige Bemerkungen über die Regularität von stationären Punkten gewisser geometrischer Variationsintegrale
Authors: Duzaar Frank , Fuchs Martin 
Published: May 2007

AbstractWe discuss the regularity properties of weak solutions of certain degenerate elliptic systems arising from problems in geometry. For example we prove C1‐regularity of conformal m‐harmonic maps from the m‐ball into m‐dimensional oriented submanifolds of Rm+1 as well as a regularity theorem for weak H‐surfaces in Rm+1. Our arguments make strong use of a version of the isoperimetric inequality.
Mapping Properties and Composition Structure of Multidimensional Integral Transforms
Authors: Glaeske Hans‐Jürgen , Tuan Vu Kim 
Published: May 2007

AbstractIn this paper mapping properties of multidimensional integral transforms ℑ︁ are considered, which have a composition of the type ℑ︁ f = C ℑ︁ a ℑ︁ f, where C is a constant, ℑ︁ the Fourier transform and a denotes a function of absolute value one. Mapping properties are investigated in the spaces L2(Rn) and in Lizorkin spaces of test and generalized functions as well as in Gelfand‐Shilov spaces of test and generalized functions. Two‐ and three‐dimensional examples are discussed.
The Poincaré Method and Samojlenko Method for the Construction of Periodic Solutions to Ordinary Differential Equations
Authors: Evhuta N. A. , Zabrejko P. P. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to propose a new approach to constructing ω‐periodic solutions to quasilinear systems of ordinary differential equations and evolution equations in BANACH spaces which embraces the classical POINCARÉ method, the numerical‐analytic SAMOJLENKO method, and other methods.
Oscillation in Linear Differential Equations with Continuous Distribution of Time Lag
Authors: Yuanji Cheng 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to study oscillation of solutions of the following equation where Dk ϵ B(C[‐r, 0], R), k = 0, 1,…,n, r > 0, const, xt(s) = x(t + s). Under very generic conditions, we show that the oscillatory property of (1) can be determined from the behavior of the characteristic.
On the Potential Theory of the KOLMOGOROV Equation
Authors: Hoh Walter , Jacob Niels 
Published: May 2007

AbstractWe prove a mean value theorem for the solutions of the backward KOLMOGOROV equation. The mean values are taken over the level surfaces of the fundamental solution of the formally adjoint operator with respect to a certain measure which is identified with a measure obtained by a sweeping out procedure in the harmonic space generated by the KOLMOGOROV operator. Further we prove that the harmonic space under consideration is a strongly harmonic space and that single points are polar in this space. This makes it possible to apply a recent result of H. BAUER on the fine boundary behaviour of generalized harmonic functions.
Das kanonische Modell eines Kugelquotienten
Authors: Reimann Harry 
Published: May 2007

AbstractDie Arbeit behandelt Quotienten einer komplexen Einheitskugel gerader Dimension, die sich als Zusammenhangskomponenten von SHIMURAvarietäten interpretieren lassen. Damit besitzen diese ein kanonisches Modell über einem Zahlkörper, das durch Angabe der speziellen Punkte und ihres Verhaltens unter der Wirkung von Automorphismen von C beschrieben wird.
Oscillation of Systems of Neutral Equations with Variable Coefficients
Authors: Georgiou D. A. , Qian C. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractConsider the system of the neutral delay differential equations
(1) \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \frac{d}{{dt}}\left[{Y\left(t \right) - R\left(T \right)Y\left({T - \varrho } \right)} \right] + P\left(t \right)Y\left({t - \tau } \right) - Q\left(t \right)Y\left({t - \sigma } \right) = 0 $\end{document}
where P(t) = (pij(t)), Q(t) = (qij(t)) and R(t) = (rij(t)) are n x n matrices for t ≧ 0 and the delays τ, σ and ϱ are nonnegative numbers. We obtain sufficient conditions for the oscillation of all solutions of (1) under the following hypotheses: magnified image
HMGA2 overexpression in non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Meyer Britta , Loeschke Siegfried , Schultze Anke , Weigel Thomas , Sandkamp Martin , Goldmann Torsten , Vollmer Ekkehard , Bullerdiek Jörn 
Published: May 2007

AbstractLung cancer is still the leading cause of death from cancer worldwide primarily because of the fact that most lung cancers are diagnosed at advanced stages. Overexpression of the high mobility group protein HMGA2 has been observed in a variety of malignant tumors and often correlates with poor prognosis. Herein, HMGA2 expression levels were analyzed in matching cancerous and non‐cancerous lung samples of 17 patients with adenocarcinoma (AC) and 17 patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) with real‐time quantitative RT‐PCR (qRT‐PCR). Transcript levels were compared to results obtained by immunohistochemistry (IHC). HMGA2 expression was detectable by qRT‐PCR in all samples tested and varied from 5422 to 16 991 545 copies per 250 ng total RNA in the carcinoma samples and from 289 to 525 947 copies in the non‐cancerous tissue samples. In 33/34 non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) samples tested, an overexpression of HMGA2 was revealed with statistically highly significant differences between non‐neoplastic and tumor samples for both AC (P < 0.0001) as well as for SCC (P < 0.0001). Expression varies strongly and is increased up to 911‐fold for AC and up to 2504‐fold for SCC, respectively, with statistically significant higher increase in SCC (P < 0.05). The results presented herein indicate that HMGA2 overexpression is a common event in NSCLC and could serve as molecular marker for lung cancer. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Selective cyclooxygenase‐2 inhibition suppresses basic fibroblast growth factor expression in human esophageal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Baguma‐Nibasheka Mark , Barclay Christie , Li Audrey W. , Geldenhuys Laurette , Porter Geoffrey A. , Blay Jonathan , Casson Alan G. , Murphy Paul R. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractInhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX)‐2 is reported to suppress growth and induce apoptosis in human esophageal adenocarcinoma (EADC) cells, although the precise biologic mechanism is unclear. In this study we tested the hypothesis that the antitumor activity of COX‐2 inhibitors may involve modulation of basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF‐2), which is overexpressed in EADC. We evaluated the effects of NS‐398, a selective COX‐2 inhibitor, on FGF‐2 expression and proliferation of EADC cell lines that express COX‐2 and those that do not. We also correlated COX‐2 and FGF‐2 expression with clinico‐pathologic findings and outcome in a well‐characterized series of surgically resected EADC tissues. Seg‐1 cells robustly expressed COX‐2 and FGF‐2, whereas Bic‐1 cells expressed neither transcript. FGF‐2 was reduced to undetectable levels in Seg‐1 cells following NS‐398 treatment, but increased within 4 h of drug removal. NS‐398 significantly inhibited the growth of Seg‐1 cells, and this effect was ameliorated by addition of exogenous FGF‐2. In contrast, NS‐398 had no effect on Bic‐1 cell proliferation and FGF‐2 alone had no effect on proliferation of either cell line. NS‐398, or a neutralizing anti‐FGF‐2 antibody, induced apoptosis in Seg‐1 cells, and these effects were inhibited by addition of exogenous FGF‐2. COX‐2 protein was strongly expressed in 46% (10/22) of EADCs, and was associated with a trend towards reduced disease‐free survival. These findings indicate that the antitumor effects of COX‐2 inhibition in EADC cells may be mediated via suppression of FGF‐2, and that COX‐2 may be a clinically relevant molecular marker in the management of human EADC. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Melanoma susceptibility and cell cycle genes in Xiphophorus hybrids
Authors: Butler Andrew P. , Trono David , Beard Rebecca , Fraijo Rachel , Nairn Rodney S. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractXiphophorus interspecies hybrids provide genetically defined models of both spontaneous and inducible melanomagenesis. In both models, backcrossing F1 hybrids of different strains of X. maculatus and X. helleri to a X. helleri parental fish results in segregation of melanoma susceptibility, fitting a Mendelian two‐gene inheritance model. The sex‐linked Xmrk oncogene is required for melanoma development in both crosses. The Xiphophorus CDKN2A/B gene, which is homologous to mammalian CDKN2A/B cyclin‐dependent kinase inhibitors (p16 and p15), is a candidate melanoma susceptibility gene. In this model, tumor susceptibility segregates with homozgyosity for CDKN2A/B from the recurrent X. helleri parent in backcross hybrids. We found that both CDKN2A/B mRNA and protein are highly overexpressed in melanoma. Because the p13 protein product of CDKN2A/B is a putative regulator of the G1 checkpoint, we investigated expression of other components of Xiphophorus G1 checkpoint control. By real‐time PCR analysis, retinoblastoma gene (RB) is consistently expressed twofold higher in both tumors and melanized skin than in normal tissue, indicating that RB is not downregulated by the overexpression of CDKN2A/B in Xiphophorus melanoma. We also found a significant correlation between the quantitative level of CDKN2A/B and Xmrk RNA in tumors, suggesting a functional relationship between Xmrk and CDKN2A/B expression. Although X. helleri CDKN2A/B protein contains a non‐conservative substitution, the biochemical function appears to show little overt defect. These studies indicate that in Xiphophorus melanoma, CDKN2A/B is functionally insufficient to mediate cell‐cycle arrest in the presence of Xmrk. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Treadmill training for hindlimb transplanted rats
Authors: Endo Teruaki , Ajiki Takashi , Minagawa Mariko , Hoshino Yuuichi , Kobayashi Eiji 
Published: May 2007

AbstractFunctional improvement is an important concern for a composite allograft with motor function. As the procedure of rat composite limb transplantation is a well‐established model, we focused on the effects of rehabilitation using this model. We performed the rat hindlimb transplantation in syngenic combination using a modified method confirming the processes of vessel anastomosis step‐by‐step that maintains good vascular patency. We studied the impact of treadmill training on hindlimb transplantated rats using Rodent Robot 3000 (Robomedica). Functional recovery was evaluated electro‐physiologically after training. All transplants were conducted successfully. The “drop foot” condition improved in rats that were subjected to a training program. However, there were no significant differences in muscle atrophy improvement or denervation potential as determined by electromyography. This study is the first to detail the effects of rehabilitation on rat limb transplantation. This model is useful for the study of functional improvement for limb transplantation. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery 2007.
Comparison of two rat models of cerebral ischemia under hyperglycemic conditions
Authors: Liu Longshan , Wang Ziying , Wang Xiang , Song Lijun , Chen Huifang , Bémeur Chantal , Ste‐Marie Line , Montgomery Jane 
Published: May 2007

AbstractHyperglycemia worsens outcome of stroke either in the clinical setting or in animal models. In the present study, two focal cerebral ischemia models, permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO, 3–4 h) and reversible MCAO (1 h ischemia + 3 h reperfusion), under hyperglycemic conditions were compared. Using 2,3,5‐triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining to define viable tissue, this resulted in the infarction area being confined primarily to the cerebral cortex in the permanent MCAO group, while it extended to the subcortical area in the reversible MCAO group, and the lesion areas were respectively 27.7 ± 5.3% and 46.8 ± 12.0% of the ipsilateral hemisphere (P = 0.012). Hyperglycemia accelerated the cerebral damage compared to normoglycemia and ascorbic acid pre‐treatment maintained tissue viability during the acute phase of hyperglycemic MCAO. In conclusion, hyperglycemia combined with either of the two MCAO models resulted in rapid infarction associated with increased oxidative stress. The hyperglycemic models are suitable for pharmaceutical therapeutic studies of antioxidant efficacy. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery 2007.
A microsurgical approach to hepatic and extrahepatic antigen presentation and its effects on the migration pattern of activated CD8+ T cells
Authors: Klein Ingo , Gassel Heinz‐Jochen , Thiede Arnulf , Nicholas Crispe Ian , Steger Ulrich 
Published: May 2007

AbstractCD8+T lymphocytes activated in peripheral lymphoid organs are believed to preferentially localize to the hepatic sinusoids, but the role of antigen in the process has been difficult to define. To create experimental mice in which the liver was unique in lacking the ability to present antigen, we adopted a novel microsurgical approach, in which the site of antigen presentation was restricted by orthotopic mouse liver transplantation of MHC Class I‐disparate livers. We used two related mouse strains, of which the wild‐type strain could present an injectable model antigen, while a mutant strain could not. By transplanting mutant‐strain livers into wild type recipients, we were able to evaluate the absence of intrahepatic parenchymal antigen presentation on CD8+ T cell activation, differentiation, and migration. This illustrates that orthotopic liver transplantation is a powerful technique for addressing issues of antigen presentation. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery 2007.