bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Left ventricular diastolic function and cardiotoxic chemotherapy
Authors: Rashid Haider , Rashid Aamir , Mattoo Asif , Guru Faisal R. , Mehvish Syed , Kakroo Shahood Ajaz , Lone Ajaz Ahmad , Aslam Khursheed , Hafeez Imran , Rather Hilal 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Left ventricular ejection fraction falls when the myocardium has already lost a significant portion of its functional capacity. There are conflicting data on whether diastolic dysfunction precedes systolic dysfunction after cardiotoxic chemotherapy. We aimed to study systolic and diastolic dysfunction after cardiotoxic chemotherapy and whether diastolic dysfunction can predict subsequent risk of systolic dysfunction. It was an observational prospective cohort study, and patients receiving cardiotoxic chemotherapy were included. Baseline, demographic, and clinical details were recorded. Echocardiographic measurements of left ventricular systolic function, global longitudinal strain, and diastolic function were noted at baseline, three months, and 6 months.

Results
We included eighty patients. The mean age of the patients was 54.92 ± 7.6 years, predominantly females (80%). The mean left ventricular ejection fraction fell from 64.92 ± 1.96 to 60.97 ± 4.94 at 6 months. Low ejection fraction was seen in 8 (10%) patients at 6 months. The mean global longitudinal strain (GLS) at baseline was − 18.81 ± 0.797 and fell to − 17.65 ± 2.057 at 6 months, with 12 (15%) patients having low GLS (< − 18). Grade 1 diastolic dysfunction was seen in 22 (27.5%) patients, and grade 2 diastolic dysfunction was seen in 3 (3.8%) patients at 6 months. There was a significant decrease in E/A ratio (inflow early diastolic velocity/Inflow late diastolic velocity), mitral tissue Doppler velocity, and an increase in isovolumic relaxation time, mitral valve deceleration time, and E/e′ (inflow early diastolic velocity/tissue Doppler mitral annular velocity), at three months and 6 months. Ejection fraction at 6 months was significantly and negatively correlated with diastolic dysfunction at three months (r = − 0.595, p = 0.02).

Conclusions
Cardiotoxic chemotherapy is associated with early diastolic dysfunction. Early diastolic dysfunction predicts subsequent left ventricular systolic dysfunction.
Outcomes of SDHB Pathogenic Variant Carriers
Authors: Davidoff Dahlia F , De Abreu Lourenco Richard , Tsang Venessa H M , Benn Diana E , Clifton-Bligh Roderick J 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Context
Carriers of germline pathogenic variants (PVs) in succinate dehydrogenase type B (SDHB) are at increased risk of developing pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs). Understanding their outcomes can guide recommendations for risk assessment and early detection.

Objective
We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of the following outcomes in SDHB PV carriers: age-specific risk of developing tumors, metastatic progression, second primary tumor development, and mortality.

Methods
PubMed, MEDLINE, and EMBASE were searched. Sixteen studies met the inclusion criteria and were sorted into 4 outcome categories: age-specific penetrance, metastatic disease, risk of second tumor, and mortality. We assessed heterogeneity and performed a meta-analysis across studies using a random-effects model with the DerSimonian and Laird method.

Results
Penetrance of PPGLs for nonproband/nonindex SDHB PV carriers by age 20 was 4% (95% CI, 3%-6%), 11% (95% CI, 8%-15%) by age 40, 24% (95% CI, 19%-31%) by age 60%, and 35% (95% CI, 25%-47%) by age 80. The overall risk of metastatic disease for nonproband/nonindex carriers with PPGLs was 9% (95%, CI 5%-16%) per lifetime. In all affected cases (combining both proband/index and nonproband/nonindex carriers with tumors), the risk of a second tumor was 24% (95% CI, 18%-31%) and all-cause 5-year mortality was 18% (95% CI, 6%-40%).

Conclusion
Penetrance for PPGLs in SDHB PV carriers increases linearly with age. Affected carriers are at risk of developing and dying of metastatic disease, or of developing second tumors. Lifelong surveillance is appropriate.
Mild Hyponatremia Is Not Associated With Degradation of Trabecular Bone Microarchitecture Despite Bone Mass Loss
Authors: Bioletto Fabio , Sibilla Michela , Berton Alessandro Maria , Prencipe Nunzia , Varaldo Emanuele , Maiorino Federica , Cuboni Daniela , Pusterla Alessia , Gasco Valentina , Grottoli Silvia , Ghigo Ezio , Arvat Emanuela , Procopio Massimo , Barale Marco 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Context
Hyponatremia is associated with increased risk of osteoporosis and fractures. The impact of hyponatremia on noninvasive indices of bone quality, however, is unknown.

Objective
To evaluate whether trabecular bone microarchitecture, assessed noninvasively by trabecular bone score (TBS), is altered in patients with hyponatremia.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of the population-based 2005-2008 cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, in which TBS measurement was performed. The main outcome measures were TBS values and bone mineral density (BMD) T-scores at the lumbar spine, total hip and femoral neck.

Results
A total of 4204 subjects aged 50 years or older were included (4041 normonatremic, 163 hyponatremic—90.8% with mild hyponatremia). Univariate analyses did not show any difference in TBS between patients with and without hyponatremia (1.308 ± 0.145 vs 1.311 ± 0.141, P = .806). Hyponatremic subjects had lower BMD T-score at total hip (−0.70 ± 1.46 vs −0.13 ± 1.32, P &lt; .001) and femoral neck (−1.11 ± 1.26 vs −0.72 ± 1.14, P = .004), while no difference was observed at lumbar spine (−0.27 ± 1.63 vs −0.31 ± 1.51, P = .772). After adjustment for relevant confounders, hyponatremia was confirmed as an independent predictor of lower BMD T-score at the total hip (β = −0.20, 95% confidence interval [CI]: [−0.39, −0.02], P = .029), while the significance was lost at the femoral neck (P = .308). Again, no association between hyponatremia and lumbar spine BMD (P = .236) or TBS (P = .346) was observed.

Conclusion
Hyponatremia, at least in mild forms, is not associated with a degradation of trabecular microarchitecture, assessed noninvasively by TBS. An independent association between hyponatremia and loss of bone mass is confirmed, particularly at the total hip.
The Palestinian Feminist Movement and the Settler Colonial Ordeal
Authors: Alasah Eman 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In light of recent developments in both the (anti)colonial and feminist discourses surrounding the settler colonial condition of Palestine, this article revisits and expands intersectionality as an analytical tool that captures manifold paradigms of subjugation. By considering the various ways in which colonial hegemony and patriarchal authority empower, substantiate, and contribute to one another, the article proposes interdependence as a more comprehensive analytical concept that, in addition to accentuating the multiplicity of oppressive structures, illuminates how they interact within a broader, complex matrix of power. The article positions the Palestinian feminist anticolonial struggle in relation to wider debates on Black, transnational, and Third World feminisms to contextualize the movement. The article eventually turns to contemporary examples of intersectional feminist mobilization that exemplifies the nuanced and ever developing nature of the movement.
Structural Trauma
Authors: Ruíz Elena 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This article addresses the experience of precarity and vulnerability in racialized gender-based violence from a structural perspective. Informed by Indigenous social theory and anticolonial approaches to intergenerational trauma that link settler colonial violence to the modalities of stress-inducing social, institutional, and cultural violences in marginalized women’s lives, the article argues that philosophical failures to understand trauma as a functional, organizational tool of settler colonial violence amplify the impact of traumatic experience on specific populations. It is trauma by design. The article explores this through the history of the concept of trauma and its connection to tragedy. The article gives a brief overview of prominent theories of trauma and contrasts these with the work of Dian Million (Tanana Athabascan) (2013), who highlights functional complicity of settler colonial institutions in shaping accounts of trauma in the west. The piece begins with an important illustration of the kinds of lives and experiences that call for a politicized understanding of trauma in anticolonial feminist theory. It ends by offering an expansive notion of structural trauma that is a methodological pivot for conducting trauma-based gender-based violence research in a decolonial context, which calls for an end to narratives of trauma that are severed from the settler colonial project of Native land dispossession and genocide.
The journey of a generation: advances and promises in the study of primordial germ cell migration
Authors: Barton Lacy J. , Roa-de la Cruz Lorena , Lehmann Ruth , Lin Benjamin 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT
The germline provides the genetic and non-genetic information that passes from one generation to the next. Given this important role in species propagation, egg and sperm precursors, called primordial germ cells (PGCs), are one of the first cell types specified during embryogenesis. In fact, PGCs form well before the bipotential somatic gonad is specified. This common feature of germline development necessitates that PGCs migrate through many tissues to reach the somatic gonad. During their journey, PGCs must respond to select environmental cues while ignoring others in a dynamically developing embryo. The complex multi-tissue, combinatorial nature of PGC migration is an excellent model for understanding how cells navigate complex environments in vivo. Here, we discuss recent findings on the migratory path, the somatic cells that shepherd PGCs, the guidance cues somatic cells provide, and the PGC response to these cues to reach the gonad and establish the germline pool for future generations. We end by discussing the fate of wayward PGCs that fail to reach the gonad in diverse species. Collectively, this field is poised to yield important insights into emerging reproductive technologies.
Fosfomycin Resistant Enterobacterales IsolatedFrom Chicken Meat in Turkey
Authors: Al S , Dişli HB , Kurekci C 
Published: April 2024

This study was conducted to obtain the relative prevalence of fosfomycin resistant (FOSr) Enterobacterales in raw chicken meat samples in Turkey. Samples (n=85) were enriched in non-selective media and transferred to MacConkey agar plates containing FOS and glucose-6-phosphate. As a result, FOSr Enterobacterales isolates were detected by a selective method in 27% of raw chicken meat samples (n=23) and identified as Escherichia coli (21/26), Klebsiella oxytoca (2/26), Escherichia vulneris (1/26), Raoultella terrigena (1/26) and Kluyvera intermedia (1/26). PFGE analysis showed 16 different band patterns in Escherichia spp. isolates (n=22) based on the 85% similarity. The minimum inhibitory concentration for FOS against all isolates was determined to be ≥64 mg/L. In addition, the highest rate of resistance was determined for nalidixic acid (72.7%), ampicillin (68.2%), tetracycline (59.1%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (54.5%), and chloramphenicol (59.1%) among all Escherichia isolates. PCR screening and sequencing identified the presence of fosA4 and fosA3 genes in ten (47.6%) and seven (33.3%) E. coli isolates, respectively. The fosA3 gene has also appeared in K. intermedia, and R. terrigena isolates. Only two E. coli isolates were positive for the blaCTX-M-55 gene, whereas the aac(6')-Ib-cr gene was identified in eight E. coli and one K. intermedia isolates. In addition, 19 different replicon types were determined by PCR-based plasmid replicon typing with IncFII (n=20) being the most common and followed by IncI1α (n=10), IncFIIS (n=8), and IncFIB (n=8). We report, to our knowledge, the first evidence on the presence of FOSr Enterobacterales isolates in raw chicken meat samples in Turkey that might be an important reservoir for FOSr organisms to humans.
Spectroscopic study of the 4f76s2
8
S7/2∘ – 4f7(8S°) 6s6p(1P°) 8P5/2,7/2 transitions in neutral europium-151 and europium-153: absolute frequency and hyperfine structure
Authors: Maruko C. , Çölmek N. N. , Herd M. T. , Ahrendsen K. J. , Cabrales B. , Cannon G. , Davis E. , Guo X. Y. , Karani T. , Wallace A. , Wisnauckas K. , Williams W. D. 
Published: April 2024

We report on spectroscopic measurements on the 4f76s28S7/2∘−4f7(8S∘)6s6p(1P∘)8P5/2,7/2 transitions at 466.32 nm and 462.85 nm, respectively, in neutral europium-151 and europium-153. The center of gravity frequencies for the 151 and 153 isotopes for both transitions are reported for the first time using saturated absorption spectroscopy. For the 6s6p(1P∘)8P5/2 state, the center of gravity frequencies were found to be 642,894,493.3(4) MHz and 642,891,693.3(9) MHz for the 151 and 153 isotopes, respectively. The hyperfine constants for the upper state were found to be A(151)=−157.01(3)MHz, B(151)=74.5(4)MHz and A(153)=−69.43(14)MHz, B(153)=191.0(26)MHz. These hyperfine values are all consistent with previously published results except for B(151) that has a small discrepancy. The isotope shift was found to be 2799.54(20) MHz, a small discrepancy with previously published results. For the 6s6p(1P∘)8P7/2 state, the center of gravity frequencies were found to be 647,708,930.6(6) MHz and 647,705,958.4(26) MHz for the 151 and 153 isotopes, respectively. The hyperfine constants for the upper state were found to be A(151)=−218.66(4)MHz, B(151)=−293.4(8)MHz and A(153)=−97.15(13)MHz, B(153)=−750(3)MHz. These values are all consistent with previously published results except for A(151) that has a small discrepancy. The isotope shift was found to be 2972.8(5) MHz, a small discrepancy with previously measured results.
Framing Religious Leadership in Dutch Nationalist Confessional Historiography: Anabaptism on the Lower Rhine in the 1540s–1550s
Authors: Brok Theo 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This article examines the convention in Anabaptist historiography that Menno Simons (1496–1561) and in his wake Dirk Philips (1504–1568) increasingly stabilized the Anabaptist movement and built an extensive Anabaptist network in the Habsburg Netherlands/Northern Germany, from Friesland and Groningen to Holland and Flanders in the west and to Westphalia and Schleswig-Holstein to Poland in the east and back. The focus is on the development of Anabaptism on the Lower Rhine, in particular on the de-centralized religious leadership of local, cross-border Anabaptist bishops. It challenges the consensus narrative in the historiography of an alleged central role of Menno and Dirk and demonstrates that during the formative years 1540–1550, Anabaptism on the Lower Rhine and in the Habsburg Netherlands/Northern Germany was polyphonic, represented by itinerant local bishops, each with their own – albeit overlapping – network.
Conjugacy class numbers and nilpotent subgroups of finite groups
Authors: Pan Hongfei , Dong Shuqin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Let 𝐺 be a finite group,

k
⁢

(
G
)

k(G)

the number of conjugacy classes of 𝐺, and 𝐵 a nilpotent subgroup of 𝐺.
In this paper, we prove that

|

B
⁢

O
π

⁢

(
G
)

/

O
π

⁢

(
G
)

|

≤

|
G
|

/
k

⁢

(
G
)

\lvert BO_{\pi}(G)/O_{\pi}(G)\rvert\leq\lvert G\rvert/k(G)

if 𝐺 is solvable and that

15
7

⁢

|

B
⁢

O
π

⁢

(
G
)

/

O
π

⁢

(
G
)

|

≤

|
G
|

/
k

⁢

(
G
)

\frac{15}{7}\lvert BO_{\pi}(G)/O_{\pi}(G)\rvert\leq\lvert G\rvert/k(G)

if 𝐺 is nonsolvable, where

π
=

π
⁢

(
B
)

\pi=\pi(B)

is the set of prime divisors of

|
B
|

\lvert B\rvert

.
Both bounds are best possible.
Gouy phase effects on photocurrents in plasmonic nanogaps driven by single-cycle pulses
Authors: Rossetti Andrea , Falk Matthias , Leitenstorfer Alfred , Brida Daniele , Ludwig Markus 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The investigation of optical phenomena in the strong-field regime requires few-cycle laser pulses at field strengths exceeding gigavolts per meter (GV/m). Surprisingly, such conditions can be reached by tightly focusing pJ-level pulses with nearly octave spanning optical bandwidth onto plasmonic nanostructures, exploiting the field-enhancement effect. In this situation, the Gouy phase of the focused beam can deviate significantly from the monochromatic scenario. Here, we study the effect of the Gouy phase of a pulse exploited to drive coherent strong-field photocurrents within a plasmonic gap nanoantenna. While the influence of the specific Gouy phase profile in the experiment approaches the monochromatic case closely, this scheme may be utilized to identify more intricate phase profiles at sub-diffraction scale. Our results pave the way for Gouy phase engineering at picojoule (pJ) pulse energy levels, enabling the optimization of strong-field optical phenomena.
Strong coupling between WS2 monolayer excitons and a hybrid plasmon polariton at room temperature
Authors: Zhang Yuhao , Schill Hans-Joachim , Irsen Stephan , Linden Stefan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Light–matter interactions between plasmonic and excitonic modes have attracted considerable interest in recent years. A major challenge in achieving strong coupling is the identification of suitable metallic nanostructures that combine tight field confinement with sufficiently low losses. Here, we report on a room-temperature study on the interaction of tungsten disulfide (WS2) monolayer excitons with a hybrid plasmon polariton (HPP) mode supported by nanogroove grating structures milled into single-crystalline silver flakes. By engineering the depth of the nanogroove grating, we can change the character of the HPP mode from propagating surface plasmon polariton-like (SPP-like) to localized surface plasmon resonance-like (LSPR-like). Using reflection spectroscopy, we demonstrate strong coupling with a Rabi splitting of 68 meV between the WS2 monolayer excitons and the lower HPP branch for an optimized nanograting configuration with 60 nm deep nanogrooves. In contrast, only weak coupling between the constituents is observed for shallower and deeper nanogratings since either the field confinement provided by the HPP is not sufficient or the damping is too large. The possibility to balance the field confinement and losses render nanogroove grating structures an attractive platform for future applications.
Simultaneous generation of first- to fourth-order OAM modes based on a cascaded preset-twist long-period fiber grating
Authors: Chang Wenzhe , Liu Yan-ge , Shi Zekun , Guo Huiyi , Wang Xin , Wang Pan , Wang Zhi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We propose and demonstrate the simulation and fabrication of an all-fiber orbital angular momentum (OAM) mode converter capable of generating first- to fourth-order modes simultaneously, which is realized by inscribing a cascaded preset-twist long-period fiber grating (CPT-LPFG) in a six-mode fiber utilizing a CO2 laser. A new segmented Runge–Kutta method is proposed to simulate the preset-twist long-period fiber gratings. By calculating the twist angle and relative coupling coefficient for each pitch and then solving the coupled mode equations utilizing the Runge–Kutta algorithm. The simulation illustrates that the preset-twist method significantly improves the coupling coefficient of higher-order modes, thereby reducing coupling difficulty. In the experiment, by twisting the fiber at an angle of 1080° and fabricating cascaded gratings with periods of 745 μm, 310 μm, 204 μm, and 146 μm, it is feasible to generate first- to fourth-order OAM modes simultaneously, at wavelengths of 1635 nm, 1548 nm, 1460 nm, and 1334 nm, respectively. The insertion loss is less than 1 dB, and the mode purity is over 90 %. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that first- to fourth-order OAM modes are simultaneously generated utilizing a single long-period fiber grating.
Color arrestor pixels for high-fidelity, high-sensitivity imaging sensors
Authors: Cho Mingwan , Jung Joonkyo , Kim Myungjoon , Lee Jeong Yub , Min Seokhwan , Hong Jongwoo , Lee Shinho , Heo Minsung , Kim Jong Uk , Joe In-Sung , Shin Jonghwa 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSilicon is the dominant material in complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) imaging devices because of its outstanding electrical and optical properties, well-established fabrication methods, and abundance in nature. However, with the ongoing trend toward electronic miniaturization, which demands smaller pixel sizes in CMOS image sensors, issues, such as crosstalk and reduced optical efficiency, have become critical. These problems stem from the intrinsic properties of Si, particularly its low absorption in the long wavelength range of the visible spectrum, which makes it difficult to devise effective solutions unless the material itself is changed. Recent advances in optical metasurfaces have offered new possibilities for solving these problems. In this study, we propose color arrestor pixels (CAPs) as a new class of color image sensors whose composite spectral responses directly mimic those of the human eye. The key idea is to employ linearly independent combinations of standardized color matching functions. These new basis functions allow our device to reproduce colors more accurately than the currently available image sensors with red-green-blue filters or other metasurface-based sensors, demonstrating an average CIEDE2000 color difference value of only 1.79 when evaluating 24 colors from the Gretag-Macbeth chart under standard illuminant D65. Owing to their high fidelity to the human eye response, CAPs consistently exhibit exceptional color reproduction accuracy under various spectral illumination compositions. With a small footprint of 860 nm height and 221 nm full-color pixel pitch, the CAPs demonstrated high absorption efficiencies of 79 %, 81 %, and 63 % at wavelengths of 452 nm, 544 nm, and 603 nm, respectively, and good angular tolerance. With such a high density of pixels efficiently capturing accurate colors, CAPs present a new direction for optical image sensor research and their applications.
Crystal structure of 2-(naphthalen-1-yl)ethyl 2-acetoxybenzoate, C21H18O4
Authors: Han Li-Wei , Lin Da-Zhuan , Xue De-Dong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
C21H18O4, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 22.2457(10) Å, b = 5.0728(2) Å, c = 15.7045(7) Å, β = 110.012(2)°, V = 1665.22(13) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt
(F) = 0.0434, wRref
(F
2) = 0.1023, T = 100(2) K
Crystal structure of 2-(5-ethylpyridin-2-yl)ethyl 2-(6-methoxynaphthalen-2-yl)propanoate, C23H25NO3
Authors: Li Rui , Liu Yang , Jiang Yue-Yao , Jiang Dong-Li 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
C23H25NO3, monoclinic, P21 (no. 4), a = 15.2433(7) Å, b = 5.8687(3) Å, c = 22.3558(11) Å, β = 105.461(2)°, V = 1927.54(16) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0413, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1055, T = 100(2) K.
Crystal structure of 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-(2-furoyl)-3-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-ol, C20H13ClN2O3
Authors: Wu Qiong , Zhang Wei-Ya , Zhang Zi-Mo , Zhang Heng-Qiang , Jin Tong-Yin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
C20H13ClN2O3, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 6.2256(5) Å, b = 18.3976(15) Å, c = 14.5582(15) Å, β = 90.555(8)°, V = 1667.4(3) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0443, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1003, T = 153(2) K.
The crystal structure of 1-(1-adamantan-1-yl)ethyl-3-(3-methoxyphenyl)thiourea, C20H28N2OS
Authors: Chaouch Shahnez , El-Naggar Mohamed , Shehadi Ihsan A. , Khanfar Monther A. , Al-Qawasmeh Raed A. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
C20H28N2OS, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 6.7356(10) Å, b = 10.8739(15) Å, c = 13.245(2) Å, α = 75.580(7)°, β = 78.612(7)°, γ = 87.564(7)°, V = 921.0(2) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0796, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.2666, T = 100(2) K.