bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Data from Aberrant Crypt Foci in the Adenoma Prevention with Celecoxib Trial
Authors: Cho Nancy L. , Redston Mark , Zauber Ann G. , Carothers Adelaide M. , Hornick Jason , Wilton Andrew , Sontag Stephen , Nishioka Norman , Giardiello Francis M. , Saltzman John R. , Gostout Chris , Eagle Craig J. , Hawk Ernest T. , Bertagnolli Monica M. 
Published: March 2024

<div>Abstract<p>Aberrant crypt foci (ACF) are the earliest visible neoplastic lesions in the colorectum. The natural history of these lesions and their role in the adenoma-carcinoma sequence are unknown. We studied ACF in a subset of patients randomized to placebo (<i>n</i> = 17), celecoxib (200 mg twice daily; <i>n</i> = 15), or celecoxib (400 mg twice daily; <i>n</i> = 13) in the Adenoma Prevention with Celecoxib (APC) trial. Magnification chromoendoscopy was done to identify, count, and biopsy ACF within the rectum at baseline and after 8 to 12 months of treatment. A total of 655 ACF were identified in 45 patients. We examined 70 of these ACF histologically, and all 70 were nondysplastic. Cohort characteristics and APC trial treatment results for substudy patients were similar to those of the overall APC trial. There was no significant modulation of ACF by celecoxib (versus placebo; <i>P</i> = 0.77). Immunohistochemical comparison of ACF with adjacent normal mucosa showed that ACF had an increased proliferative index as determined by Ki-67 (<i>P</i> < 0.0001), but lacked other features of neoplasia such as increased cyclooxygenase-2 expression and microvessel density, nuclear localization of β-catenin, or decreased expression of the tumor suppressors SMAD4, Estrogen Receptor α, or MGMT. Only baseline SMAD4 expression in ACF correlated with posttreatment adenoma recurrence (independent of treatment arm; <i>P</i> = 0.01). The presence or number of nondysplastic ACF did not correlate with a higher risk of synchronous advanced or recurrent adenomas. Our overall results indicated that nondysplastic ACF were not accurate surrogate endpoint biomarkers of recurrent colorectal adenomas in the APC trial.</p></div>
Signal Smoothing and Syntactic Choices: A Critical Reflection on the UID Hypothesis
Authors: Juzek Tom S. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The Smooth Signal Redundancy Hypothesis explains variations in syllable length as a means to more uniformly distribute information throughout the speech signal. The Uniform Information Density hypothesis seeks to generalize this to choices on all linguistic levels, particularly syntactic choices. While there is some evidence for the Uniform Information Density hypothesis, it faces several challenges, four of which are discussed in this paper. First, it is not clear what exactly counts as uniform. Second, there are syntactic alternations that occur systematically but that can cause notable fluctuations in the information signature. Third, there is an increasing body of negative results. Fourth, there is a lack of large-scale evidence. As to the fourth point, this paper provides a broader array of data—936 sentence pairs for nine syntactic constructions—and analyzes them in a test setup that treats the hypothesis as a classifier. For our data, the Uniform Information Density hypothesis showed little predictive capacity. We explore ways to reconcile our data with theory.
“Shoot Me and Let Me Die”: Cash Scarcity and the Performance of Deviant Nude Protest in Nigeria
Authors: Tade Oludayo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Using Erving Goffman’s dramaturgical approach, this paper interrogates how space shapes the nature of nude protests and how human bodies performed as sites of power, contestation and attention. Although nude protests are not new to Africa, and Nigeria in particular, where nudehood is deployed to challenge unpleasant social conditions, mostly by women, I interrogated the performance of nude protest by two bank customers (male and female) inside two Nigerian Banking halls as a reaction to the naira redesign policy of the Central Bank of Nigeria, launched in December 2022, which limited access to physical cash in a cash-based economy. Findings showed that the protesters’ performances included claims-making, refusal, undressing, shouting, crying and embellishing narrative of willingness to die to bring about desired attention and change in their situations. The naked bodies of the protesters are complex composites of verbal and non-verbal communication expressed through facial expressions, body movements, and refusal to yield to persuasions. Indeed, naked protest in the banking hall is a daring, disruptive and problem-solving behaviour which challenged the serenity and formality associated with the banking space and showed the agency of the bodies and presentation of the selves.
International Political Contexts, Digital Technologies, and Political Outcomes in Nigeria’s #EndSARS Movement
Authors: Makinde Ebenezer 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
When do social movements achieve political outcomes? Extant literature has identified two broad factors that can explain the political outcomes of social movements: movements’ infrastructure, and political opportunities. Focusing on the 2020 #EndSARS protest in Nigeria, I build on this literature to understand how and why social movements may achieve policy outcomes when social movements’ infrastructure and domestic political opportunities are relatively absent. I analyzed the Twitter activities of protesters during the 2020 #EndSARS Movement in Nigeria. I argue that the #EndSARS Movement transformed from online campaigns to offline demonstrations against police brutality because of favourable international political contexts (Black Lives Matter or blm protests in the US, covid-19 induced economic hardships). Further analysis shows that the protest achieved significant political outcomes and responses from both federal and state governments in Nigeria because the protesters were able to successfully leverage digital technologies (like social media, blockchain technology), international media and global personalities to their advantage.
The New Shi’a Mahdawi Movements in Iraq: Religious Discontent or Political Protest?
Authors: Kadhem Fouad 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Mahdawi ‘protest’ movements have played a significant role throughout Islamic history. As salvation movements, they often incorporated religious principles with social and economic demands to protest against authorities in order to bring about political change. Historically, Iraq has always been, and still is, the centre of Mahdawi movements in the Islamic world. Immediately after 2003, a host of new Shi’a Mahdawi movements emerged. These movements nonetheless were active underground since the late 1980s. They demonstrated an evident negative stance towards both Baghdad’s government and Shi’a religious authorities. I will pose the following questions that I intend to answer using primary source data from selected political actors: How did these movements emerge? What are the religious and social factors behind their existence? What are the political ideas and views advocated by these movements? What are the reasons that render these Shi’a movements at conflict with the Iraqi state on the one hand, and the authority of Shi’a ‘ulama in Najaf on the other hand?
Predicting the Intensity of Tropical Cyclones over the Western North Pacific Using a Dual-Branch Spatiotemporal Attention Convolutional Network
Authors: Tian Wei , Chen Yuanyuan , Song Ping , Xu Haifeng , Wu Liguang , Lim Kam Sian Kenny Thiam Choy , Zhang Yonghong , Xiang Chunyi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This paper proposes a spatiotemporal attention convolutional network (STAC-Pred) that leverages deep learning techniques to model the spatiotemporal features of tropical cyclones (TCs) and enable real-time prediction of their intensity. The proposed model employs dual branches to concurrently extract and integrate features from intensity heatmaps and satellite cloud imagery. Additionally, a residual attention (RA) module is integrated into the three-channel cloud imagery convolution process to automatically respond to high wind speed regions. TC’s longitude, latitude, and radius of winds are injected into the multi-timepoint prediction model to assist in the prediction task. Furthermore, a rolling mechanism (RM) is employed to smooth the fluctuation of losses, achieving accurate prediction of TC intensity. We use several TC records to evaluate and validate the universality and effectiveness of the model. The results indicate that STAC-Pred achieves satisfactory performance. Specifically, the STAC-Pred model improves prediction performance by 47.69% and 28.26% compared to the baseline (official institutions) at 3- and 6-h intervals, respectively.

Significance Statement
Tropical cyclones are one of the most deadly and damaging natural disasters in coastal areas worldwide. Early prediction can significantly reduce casualties and property losses. This study innovatively conducts dimensionality augmentation on one-dimensional intensity numerical sequences and proposes a new network model for rolling forecast of their future intensity. The proposed prototype model (not yet incorporating any atmospheric conditions) shows promising results for 3- and 6-h advance forecasts, providing valuable guidance for forecasters regarding real-time operational predictions of short-term tropical cyclone intensity.
“I’m dealing with a health care system that doesn’t get it”: Barriers and facilitators to inclusive healthcare for autistic adults
Authors: McLean Kiley J , Haas Meghan , Koenig Jamie , Horvath Megan , Vigil Mariah , Werner Nicole E , Bishop Lauren 
Published: March 2024

Emerging research points to high rates of major psychiatric disorders and chronic medical conditions among autistic adults. However, the unique healthcare needs of autistic adults are often overlooked, perhaps due to limitations in population-level surveillance and widespread public misconceptions about autism in adulthood. Understanding the mechanisms underlying this prevalence of poor health outcomes in autistic adults requires an exploration into the lived experiences of autistic adults across their lifespans. This study uses a qualitative approach to investigate the healthcare experiences of autistic adults. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 23 autistic adults in the United States, ranging in age from 18 to 56 years, seven of whom identified as nonbinary or gender non-conforming. We asked autistic adults about how they manage their health and interact with healthcare systems. Through thematic analysis of the data, barriers to receipt of quality care for autistic adults were identified. Results were then conceptualized through the Systems Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety model of work system and patient safety. Through this model, this study describes the interactions between autistic adults and their healthcare systems, pointing to specific areas for improvement and intervention. Overall, findings advocate for a system-level approach to improving health outcomes of autistic adults. Lay abstract Research has suggested that autistic adults may have a bigger chance of having mental health and physical health conditions such as depression, anxiety, sleep disorders, diabetes, obesity, and heart problems than adults without autism. Unfortunately, the unique healthcare needs of autistic adults are often overlooked, so it is not clear why autistic adults have worse health or what can be done to improve it. This study wants to find out the challenges autistic adults experience in taking care of their health and in going to different doctors. Researchers interviewed autistic adults across the country about their healthcare experiences. The interviewed autistic adults told the researchers about the barriers (things that did not help) and facilitators (things that did help) that impacted whether they received the care they needed. The researchers then organized what they learned from the autistic adults into a model called the Systems Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety model of work system and patient safety. This model explains how different parts of a healthcare system (person, tasks, technology and tools, environment, and organization) interact with one another and impact the healthcare experiences and outcomes of the patients in their care, like autistic adults. Overall, this study advocates for a systems-level approach to improving the healthcare experiences of autistic adults and their health outcomes.
Neat plasma proteomics: getting the best out of the worst
Authors: Metatla Ines , Roger Kevin , Chhuon Cerina , Ceccacci Sara , Chapelle Manuel , Pierre-Olivier Schmit  , Demichev Vadim , Guerrera Ida Chiara 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPlasma proteomics holds immense potential for clinical research and biomarker discovery, serving as a non-invasive "liquid biopsy" for tissue sampling. Mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics, thanks to improvement in speed and robustness, emerges as an ideal technology for exploring the plasma proteome for its unbiased and highly specific protein identification and quantification. Despite its potential, plasma proteomics is still a challenge due to the vast dynamic range of protein abundance, hindering the detection of less abundant proteins. Different approaches can help overcome this challenge. Conventional depletion methods face limitations in cost, throughput, accuracy, and off-target depletion. Nanoparticle-based enrichment shows promise in compressing dynamic range, but cost remains a constraint. Enrichment strategies for extracellular vesicles (EVs) can enhance plasma proteome coverage dramatically, but current methods are still too laborious for large series. Neat plasma remains popular for its cost-effectiveness, time efficiency, and low volume requirement. We used a test set of 33 plasma samples for all evaluations. Samples were digested using S-Trap and analyzed on Evosep One and nanoElute coupled to a timsTOF Pro using different elution gradients and ion mobility ranges. Data were mainly analyzed using library-free searches using DIA-NN. This study explores ways to improve proteome coverage in neat plasma both in MS data acquisition and MS data analysis. We demonstrate the value of sampling smaller hydrophilic peptides, increasing chromatographic separation, and using library-free searches. Additionally, we introduce the EV boost approach, that leverages on the extracellular vesicle fraction to enhance protein identification in neat plasma samples. Globally, our optimized analysis workflow allows the quantification of over 1000 proteins in neat plasma with a 24SPD throughput. We believe that these considerations can be of help independently of the LC–MS platform used.
Derivation of the Difficult Airway Physiological Score (DAPS) in adults undergoing endotracheal intubation in the emergency department
Authors: Waheed Shahan , Razzak Junaid Abdul , Khan Nadeemullah , Raheem Ahmed , Mian Asad Iqbal 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Prediction of serious outcomes among patients with physiological instability is crucial in airway management. In this study, we aim to develop a score to predict serious outcomes following intubation in critically ill adults with physiological instability by using clinical and laboratory parameters collected prior to intubation.

Method
This single-center analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in the Emergency Department from 2016 to 2020. The airway score was derived using the transparent reporting of a multivariable prediction model for individual prognosis or diagnosis (TRIPOD) methodology. To gauge model’s performance, the train-test split technique was utilized. The discrete random number generation approach was used to divide the dataset into two groups: development (training) and validation (testing). The validation dataset’s instances were used to calculate the final score, and its validity was measured using ROC analysis and area under the curve (AUC). By computing the Youden’s J statistic using the metrics sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value, the discriminating factor of the additive score was determined.

Results
The mean age of the 1021 patients who needed endotracheal intubations was 52.2 years (± 17.5), and 632 (62%) of them were male. In the development dataset, there were 527 (64.9%) physiologically difficult airways, 298 (36.7%) post-intubation hypotension, 124 (12%) cardiac arrest, 347 (42.7%) shock index > 0.9, and 456 [56.2%] instances of pH < 7.3. On the contrary, in the validation dataset, there were 143 (68.4%) physiologically difficult airways, 33 (15.8%) post-intubation hypotension, 41 (19.6%) cardiac arrest, 87 (41.6%) shock index > 0.9, and 121 (57.9%) had pH < 7.3, respectively. There were 12 variables in the difficult airway physiological score (DAPS), and a DAPS of 9 had an area under the curve of 0.857. The accuracy of DAPS was 77%, the sensitivity was 74%, the specificity was 83.3%, and the positive predictive value was 91%.

Conclusion
DAPS demonstrated strong discriminating ability for anticipating physiologically challenging airways. The proposed model may be helpful in the clinical setting for screening patients who are at high risk of deterioration.
Predictors of COVID-19 vaccine uptake: an online three-wave survey study of US adults
Authors: Thorpe Alistair , Fagerlin Angela , Drews Frank A. , Shoemaker Holly , Brecha Federica S. , Scherer Laura D. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
To effectively promote vaccine uptake, it is important to understand which people are most and least inclined to be vaccinated and why. In this study, we examined predictors of COVID-19 vaccine uptake and reasons for non-vaccination.

Methods
We conducted an online English-language survey study in December-2020, January-2021, and March-2021. A total of 930 US respondents completed all surveys. Multiple logistic regression models were run to test whether the early vaccine eligibility, demographic factors, and psychological factors predict getting at least one dose of a COVID-19 vaccination in January-2021 and in March-2021.

Results
The proportion of respondents who received ≥ 1-dose of a COVID-19 vaccine increased from 18% (January) to 67% (March). Older age predicted vaccine uptake in January (OR = 2.02[95%CI = 1.14–3.78], p < .001) and March (10.92[6.76–18.05], p < .001). In January, additional predictors were higher numeracy (1.48[1.20–1.86], p < .001), COVID-19 risk perceptions (1.35[1.03–1.78], p = .029), and believing it is important adults get the COVID-19 vaccine (1.66[1.05–2.66], p = .033). In March, additional predictors of uptake were believing it is important adults get the COVID-19 vaccine (1.63[1.15–2.34], p = .006), prior COVID-19 vaccine intentions (1.37[1.10–1.72], p = .006), and belief in science (0.84[0.72–0.99], p = .041). Concerns about side effects and the development process were the most common reasons for non-vaccination. Unvaccinated respondents with no interest in getting a COVID-19 vaccine were younger (0.27[0.09–0.77], p = .016), held negative views about COVID-19 vaccines for adults (0.15[0.08–0.26], p < .001), had lower trust in healthcare (0.59[0.36–0.95], p = .032), and preferred to watch and wait in clinically ambiguous medical situations (0.66[0.48–0.89], p = .007).

Conclusions
Evidence that attitudes and intentions towards COVID-19 vaccines were important predictors of uptake provides validation for studies using these measures and reinforces the need to develop strategies for addressing safety and development concerns which remain at the forefront of vaccine hesitancy.
Knockdown of ribosome RNA processing protein 15 suppresses migration of hepatocellular carcinoma through inhibiting PATZ1-associated LAMC2/FAK pathway
Authors: Pan Tongtong , Li Jinhai , Zhang Ouyang , Zhu Yuqin , Zhou Hongfei , Ma Mengchen , Yu Yanwen , Lyu Jiaojian , Chen Yongping , Xu Liang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Ribosomal RNA processing protein 15 (RRP15) has been found to regulate the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Nevertheless, the extent to which it contributes to the spread of HCC cells remains uncertain. Thus, the objective of this research was to assess the biological function of RRP15 in the migration of HCC.

Methods
The expression of RRP15 in HCC tissue microarray (TMA), tumor tissues and cell lines were determined. In vitro, the effects of RRP15 knockdown on the migration, invasion and adhesion ability of HCC cells were assessed by wound healing assay, transwell and adhesion assay, respectively. The effect of RRP15 knockdown on HCC migration was also evaluated in vivo in a mouse model.

Results
Bioinformatics analysis showed that high expression of RRP15 was significantly associated with low survival rate of HCC. The expression level of RRP15 was strikingly upregulated in HCC tissues and cell lines compared with the corresponding controls, and TMA data also indicated that RRP15 was a pivotal prognostic factor for HCC. RRP15 knockdown in HCC cells reduced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and inhibited migration in vitro and in vivo, independent of P53 expression. Mechanistically, blockade of RRP15 reduced the protein level of the transcription factor POZ/BTB and AT hook containing zinc finger 1 (PATZ1), resulting in decreased expression of the downstream genes encoding laminin 5 subunits, LAMC2 and LAMB3, eventually suppressing the integrin β4 (ITGB4)/focal adhesion kinase (FAK)/nuclear factor κB kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) signaling pathway.

Conclusions
RRP15 promotes HCC migration by activating the LAMC2/ITGB4/FAK pathway, providing a new target for future HCC treatment.
The longitudinal relationship between leisure activities and depressive symptoms among older Chinese adults: an autoregressive cross-lagged analysis approach
Authors: Wang Juanjuan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Existing studies have shown a correlation between leisure activities and depressive symptoms in older adults, but the direction of the longitudinal relationship is inconsistent. This study used an autoregressive cross-lagged model to examine the longitudinal relationship between leisure activity participation and geriatric depression.

Methods
A total of 7,138 participants aged 60 years or older from the 2nd to the 4th wave of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) were analysed.

Results
First, present depressive symptoms were significantly associated with future depressive symptoms (β2013-2015 = .893, p < .001; β2015-2018 = .946, p < .001), and the same rule applied to leisure activities (β2013-2015 = .402, p < .001; β2015-2018 = .404, p < .001). Second, current depressive symptoms negatively predicted future leisure activities (β2013-2015 = –.071, p < .001; β2015-2018 = –.085, p < .001), but the inverse relationship was not statistically significant (β2013-2015 = –.003, p > .05; β2015-2018 = –.003, p > .05).

Conclusion
These findings underscore the importance of interventions targeting depressive symptoms to potentially enhance engagement in leisure activities among older adults. The results contribute to the understanding of the complex dynamics between mental health and lifestyle choices in older populations, highlighting the potential of proactive mental health interventions to improve overall well-being.