bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ein Stadiondach schwebt nach oben – Ergänzungs‐ und Umbauarbeiten am Stadion Kaiserslautern
Authors: Pamp Reiner , Platt Jens 
Published: December 2005

AbstractUm den Anforderungen der FIFA an ein Stadion für die Fußballweltmeisterschaft 2006 gerecht zu werden, mußte das Stadion auf dem Betzenberg in Kaiserslautern quantitativ erweitert und qualitativ verbessert werden. Die dafür notwendigen Bauarbeiten erstreckten sich fast flächendeckend über das gesamte Stadion und betrafen die Süd‐, West‐ und Nordtribünen sowie die beiden Eckbereiche neben der Nordtribüne. Um eine derartige Aufgabe im baulichen Bestand und bei laufendem Spielbetrieb zu bewältigen, waren zahlreiche logistische und baubetriebliche Fragestellungen zu lösen. Dabei war etwa das Stadion vor jeder Veranstaltung so herzurichten, daß alle Personen sicher den Besuch des Stadions genießen konnten. Eine besondere Herausforderung stellte sich bei dem Anheben des bestehenden Daches der Südtribüne. Durch die gewählte Zuglösung konnten der Spielbetrieb ohne Behinderungen weiterlaufen und die Kräfte im System kontrolliert umgelagert werden.
Tragwerksplanung im Anlagenbau – Ein Spannungsfeld zwischen Funktionalität, Wirtschaftlichkeit, gesetzlichen Auflagen und interdisziplinärer Arbeit
Authors: Ewert Sven , Ponzlet Martin 
Published: December 2005

AbstractPlanung und Bau chemischer Anlagen werden stark durch betriebliche, anlagenspezifische und rechtliche Randbedingungen beeinflußt. Der Fokus auf strikte Wirtschaftlichkeit und die interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit mit Verfahrensingenieuren, Aufstellungs‐, Prozeß‐ und Rohrleitungsplanern sowie einer Vielzahl weiterer Gewerke bilden den Rahmen für die Bauplanung. Im folgenden Beitrag wird auf einige aus dieser Zusammenarbeit entstehende Tragwerkskonzepte, Konstruktionsprinzipien und Konstruktionsmethoden eingegangen.
Zum Nachweis der Gebrauchstauglichkeit von Kranbahnen und Kranbahnunterstützungen – Begrenzung von Schwingungen
Authors: Meister Jürgen 
Published: December 2005

AbstractSchwingungen von Kranbahnunterstützungen (z. B. Hallenrahmen) können durch Hubvorgänge und Fahrbewegungen ausgelöst werden. Die Begrenzung horizontaler Verschiebungen von Kranbahnunterstützungen zur “Vermeidung” störender Schwingungen, wie z. B. im Eurocode 3 Teil 6 angegeben, kann zu unwirtschaftlich großen Rahmenprofilen führen.In diesem Beitrag werden die baudynamischen Zusammenhänge kurz vorgestellt, und es werden Vorgehensweisen zum Nachweis der Begrenzung von Schwingungen beschrieben. In vielen Fällen kann dabei mit geläufigen statischen Verfahren geprüft werden, ob eine Kranbahnunterstützung (z. B. ein Hallenrahmen) schwingungsgefährdet ist oder nicht.Weiterhin wird auf den Zusammenhang zwischen dynamischen Belastungen und Schwingbeiwerten eingegangen. Schwingbeiwerte decken (mögliche) dynamische Beanspruchungen ab, zur Beurteilung der (tatsächlichen) Schwingungsgefährdung ist jedoch eine dynamische Berechnung erforderlich.In einem Beispiel wird das Vorgehen zur Beurteilung der Schwingungsgefährdung eines Zweigelenkrahmens als Kranbahnunterstützung erläutert. Ein Überblick über aktuelle Vorschriften rundet diesen Beitrag ab.
Wellblechsilos nach DIN 18914
Authors: Motzkus Ulrich 
Published: December 2005

AbstractWellblechsilos gehören zu den häufigsten Lagerbauwerken für landwirtschaftliche Schüttgüter. Die Berechnung und Konstruktion solcher Silos und zugehöriger Bauteile erfolgt auf der Grundlage von DIN 18914:1985‐09. Die Norm hat sich in großen Teil en seit Einführung vor 20 Jahren bewährt. Die Praxis im Umgang mit der Norm zeigt aber auch, daß eine teilweise Verbesserung und Aktualisierung der Vorschriften erforderlich ist. Letztere ist insbesondere im Hinblick auf die stattgefundene Weiterentwicklung der Silokonstruktionen und der Normung auf europäischer einschließlich nationaler Ebene sowie hinsichtlich der heutigen Möglichkeiten elektronischer Berechnungen notwendig.
Stehende Seile unter ermüdender Zugbeanspruchung
Authors: Raupp Daniela , Klöpfer Andreas 
Published: December 2005

AbstractSeit dem Bau des Münchner Olympiastadions wurde weltweit eine Vielzahl anspruchsvoller Seilbauwerke realisiert. Neben der statischen Beanspruchung der Seil‐Zugglieder und ihrer Endverankerungen rückte in den letzten Jahren verstärkt die dynamische Tragfähigkeit in den Fordergrund. Das Institut für Fördertechnik (IFT) der Universität Stuttgart befaßt sich seit seiner Gründung im Jahr 1927 unter anderem mit dem Forschungs‐ und Entwicklungsschwerpunkt Seil. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden die Arbeiten am IFT und Kriterien zur Lebensdauer von Seilkonstruktionen vorgestellt.
Änderung der Gelenklagerkonstruktion des Sturmflutsperrwerks bei Rotterdam
Authors: Leendertz H. , Van Schepdael L. , Van Paepegem W. , Samyn P. , De Baets P. , Degrieck J. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractEinige Jahre nach der Inbetriebnahme des Sturmflutsperrwerks bei Rotterdam zeigte das Gelenklager Abnutzungserscheinungen in den MoS2‐Gleitflächen. Nach einer Analyse der Ursachen wurde die Konstruktion geändert. Bei dieser nderung wurden andere Werkstoffe eingesetzt, um den Unterhaltungsaufwand zu verringern. Der Neuentwurf der Gleitflächen führte zu einer Lösung mit einer Gleitpaarung von Gleitstücken aus Ultrahochmolekular‐Gewichts‐PE mit Karbonfaserringen und einer Gleitfläche aus Zinkalkyd‐Primer. Der Neuentwurf enthält auch die Ausführungs‐ und Einbautoleranzen und die Qualitätssicherung.
Technologische Eigenschaften von Stählen im europäischen Vergleich
Authors: Strauss Alfred , Kala Zdenek , Bergmeister Konrad , Hoffmann Simon , Novák Drahomir 
Published: December 2005

AbstractDer Vergleich der statistischen Kennwerte Fließgrenze, Bruchfestigkeit und Duktilität von österreichischen und tschechischen Stählen ist Gegenstand dieses Beitrages. Diese grundlegenden Materialeigenschaften aus österreichischen und tschechischen Stahlerhebungen wurden in unabhängiger Weise sowohl von der Universität für Bodenkultur (BOKU) Wien als auch von der Universität Brünn statistisch ausgewertet, um die maximale Objektivität für die Ergebnisse und die davon abgeleiteten Schlüsse zu garantieren. Ein Ziel dieser Untersuchungen ist die Klärung des Einflusses der Materialkennwerte auf die Zuverlässigkeit von Stahlkonstruktionen bezugnehmend auf die entsprechenden Bemessungsnormen.
Relationship between second‐trimester uterine artery Doppler and spontaneous early preterm delivery
Authors: Fonseca E. , Yu C. K. H. , Singh M. , Papageorghiou A. T. , Nicolaides K. H. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the relationship between impedance to flow in the uterine arteries at 22–24 weeks and subsequent spontaneous delivery before 33 weeks.MethodsThe pulsatility index (PI) in the uterine arteries was measured by transvaginal sonography at 22–24 weeks in 33 629 women with singleton pregnancies attending for routine antenatal care. The distribution of PI in the 237 patients with live births before 33 weeks, after spontaneous onset of labor, was compared to that in 31 633 patients with live births at or after 33 weeks.ResultsThe median uterine artery mean PI was significantly higher in those women delivering before 33 weeks than in those delivering at or after 33 weeks. The mean PI was 1.57, which is the 95th centile, in 1525 (4.8%) of those delivering at or after 33 weeks and in 19 (8.0%) of the deliveries before 33 weeks. Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that the significant predictors of spontaneous delivery before 33 weeks were ethnic origin, smoking status, previous obstetric history and uterine artery mean PI. However, the prediction of spontaneous early preterm delivery by a combination of maternal characteristics and uterine artery Doppler was not significantly higher than maternal characteristics alone (area under the receiver–operating characteristics curve: 0.704, 95% CI 0.669–0.740 vs. 0.684, 95% CI 0.647–0.722; P = 0.062).ConclusionsUterine artery PI in spontaneous deliveries before 33 weeks is higher than in those women delivering at or after 33 weeks. However, uterine artery Doppler does not provide a significant improvement in the prediction of spontaneous early delivery provided by maternal demographic characteristics and previous obstetric history. Copyright © 2005 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Reference data representative of normal findings at two‐dimensional and three‐dimensional gray‐scale ultrasound examination of the cervix from 17 to 41 weeks' gestation
Authors: Rovas L. , Sladkevicius P. , Strobel E. , Valentin L. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjectivesTo create reference values representative of normal findings on two‐dimensional (2D) and three‐dimensional (3D) transvaginal ultrasound (TVS) examination of the cervix from 17 to 41 weeks' gestation and to determine the agreement between cervical measurements taken by 2D and 3D TVS.MethodsCross‐sectional study covering 17 to 41 weeks in 419 nulliparous and 360 parous women who delivered at term and who underwent 2D and 3D TVS examination of the uterine cervix. We examined approximately 25 women in each gestational week. The length, anteroposterior (AP) diameter and width of the cervix (and of any cervical funnel) and AP diameter of the cervical canal were measured. Results were plotted against gestational age. The agreement between 2D and 3D ultrasound results was expressed as the mean (±2 SDs) difference between the results of the two methods and as the interclass correlation coefficient (inter‐CC).ResultsThere was excellent agreement between measurements taken by 2D and 3D ultrasound (inter‐CC values, 0.80–0.98) but measurements of cervical length taken using 3D ultrasound were greater than measurements taken by 2D ultrasound (mean difference, −0.04 ± 0.36 cm). Cervical length did not change substantially between 17 and 32 gestational weeks but decreased progressively thereafter. Cervical length was similar in nulliparous and parous women at 17–32 weeks, but from 33 weeks the cervix tended to be longer in parous women. In nulliparae, cervical length decreased from a median of 3.8 (range, 0.7–6.1) cm at 17–32 weeks to 2.3 (range, 0.4–6.0) cm at 33–40 weeks and to 0.7 (range, 0.2–1.5) cm at 41 weeks. In parous women, the corresponding figures were 3.9 (range, 1.0–6.1) cm, 3.0 (range, 0.4–5.7) cm and 0.8 (range, 0.4–3.4) cm (results obtained by 3D ultrasound). Cervical AP diameter and width did not differ between nulliparous and parous women. Median AP diameter increased from 3.0 (range, 2.0–4.6) cm at 17–30 weeks to 3.5 (range, 1.8–5.5) cm at 31–40 weeks and to 4.0 (range, 2.8–5.9) cm at 41 weeks. Cervical width was 3.7 (range, 2.3–6.0) cm at 17–30 weeks and 4.5 (range, 2.3–6.1) cm at 31–41 weeks. The percentage of women with funneling increased from 4% (3/84) at 17–18 weeks to 63% (12/19) at 41 weeks and the percentage of women with an open cervical canal increased from 19% (15/84) to 72% (13/19). Funneling and opening of the cervical canal were equally common in nulliparous and parous women.ConclusionsReference data provide the basis for studies of pathological conditions. Common reference values for nulliparous and parous women can be used for cervical AP diameter and width from 17 to 41 weeks and for cervical length from 17 to 32 weeks. Separate reference values for cervical length for nulliparous and parous women should be used from 33 to 41 weeks. Copyright © 2005 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Perceptions and Attitudes about HFE Genotyping Among College‐Age Adults
Authors: Hicken Bret L. , Foshee Aimee , Tucker Diane C. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractPurpose: Examine young adults' attitudes about HFE genotyping. Methods: 121 college students read about hemochromatosis, transferrin saturation measurement (iron test), and HFE genotyping. Interest in testing and knowledge and attitudes about genetic testing were assessed. Participants were randomly assigned to predict either their response to a positive HFE genotype (genotype group) or a positive iron test (phenotype group). Results: 71% preferred the iron test, but most would undergo either test. Learning risk and early detection/prevention were the most commonly perceived benefits; limited information about health and negative emotional consequences were the most commonly perceived disadvantages. The genotype and phenotype groups did not differ in expected worry, perceived severity, perceived risk, and preventability of organ damage. After reading the description provided, participants answered 78% of knowledge questions correctly. Conclusions: Young adults view HFE genotyping positively and report few disadvantages, but prefer the iron test for its information about current health. They appear to be receptive to public health screening for hemochromatosis.
Risk‐Reduction Surgery Decisions in High‐Risk Women Seen for Genetic Counseling
Authors: Ray Jessica A. , Loescher Lois J. , Brewer Molly 
Published: December 2005

AbstractWomen at greatest risk for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer may consider prophylactic removal of breasts or ovaries as a risk‐reduction measure. This report describes uptake of risk‐reduction mastectomy (RRM), risk‐reduction oophorectomy (RRO), and related factors in 62 high‐risk women who received genetic counseling. Seven (11%) participants underwent RRM and 13 (21%) underwent RRO. Of these women, 37% did not have BRCA testing, suggesting other factors influence decisions to undergo surgery. Women who had indicated (pre‐genetic counseling) their intent not to have surgery chose not to have surgery. Information received during genetic counseling that women perceived as being most important for influencing risk‐reduction surgery decisions was BRCA test result (positive or negative), followed by discussion of family cancer history. Reasons for indecision about risk‐reduction surgery included genetic testing results, concerns about surgery, timing in life, and early menopause. The findings enhance our understanding of information that is helpful to women considering this surgery.
“SLANG”—Sensitive Language and the New Genetics—an Exploratory Study
Authors: Hodgson J. , Hughes E. , Lambert C. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractSLANG—Sensitive Language and the New Genetics—is a concept that arose out of informal discussions between a number of interested parties, both consumers and professionals, who were becoming increasingly uneasy with some of the language commonly used in medical genetics. Some language choices were felt by the authors to be inappropriate for a variety of reasons. Poor language choice may impede an individual's understanding of a genetic condition or important medical information and the chosen words themselves may simply be perceived as discriminatory and even offensive.SLANG is an important concept to explore partly because literature in this area confirms that language choices in medical settings can be of great significance to both patients and families. Studies have shown how language choices impact on professional practice by, as one example, changing the intended meaning of medical information and affecting individual perception of risk and choice which, in turn, may affect individual or familial well‐being. In addition language choice has the power to affect how individuals perceive themselves and are viewed by others. This paper presents the results from our pilot study and discusses the implications for health professionals with particular reference to medical genetics settings.
Psychological Adjustment and Knowledge About Hereditary Hemochromatosis in a Clinic‐Based Sample: A Prospective Study
Authors: Meiser Bettina , Dunn Stewart , Dixon Jeannette , Powell Lawrie W. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractThis study assessed psychological adjustment and quality of life relative to population‐based norms and knowledge about hereditary hemochromatosis in a sample of 101 patients who attended a hemochromatosis clinic. Participants were assessed prior to their clinic visit, and two weeks and 12 months after attendance, using self‐administered questionnaires. Mean Mental Health Component Scores from the Medical Outcomes Study 36‐Item Short‐Form Health Survey (SF‐36) (45.3, 95% CI 43.2, 47.4) were as compromised as those found amongst stroke victims (45.9, 95% CI 42.8, 49.0) who had participated in a national health survey. Recall of the genetic testing result was less than optimal, in that only 69.3% of those with genetic testing results knew whether they carried one or two mutations. This study demonstrates that patients would benefit from routine assessment of psychological distress and referral to mental health professionals of those whose levels of distress suggest a need for clinical intervention. Results also show that patients may benefit from strategies aimed at improving recall of genetic testing results.
Sequential Down Syndrome Screening: The Importance of First and Second Trimester Test Correlations when Calculating Risk
Authors: Benn Peter , Donnenfeld Alan E. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractDown syndrome screening can be particularly effective when both first and second trimester tests are performed. However, the counseling of women who have received sequential first and second trimester screening can be problematic. We evaluated an approximation where the post‐test risk from the first trimester screening is used as the new a priori risk for the second trimester screening. The approximation disregards between‐trimester test correlations. The Down syndrome detection rate based on the approximation (90.2%) would be close to that obtained when all correlations were considered (90.8%) but the false positive rate would be 26% higher (3.9% versus 3.1%, respectively). For any particular woman, the use of the approximation could result in highly inaccurate risks. We conclude that the correlations that exist between first and second trimester screening tests preclude the use of second trimester risks derived from the direct product of separate first and second trimester screening. Counseling issues in the delivery of sequential screening are discussed.
Doctor's Expertise and Managing Discrepant Information from Other Sources in Genetic Counseling: A Conversation Analytic Perspective
Authors: Lehtinen Esa , Kääriäinen Helena 
Published: December 2005

AbstractThe study examines a recurrent interactional pattern in genetic counseling. It describes clinical geneticists' responses in situations in which clients have presented information from other sources that is potentially discrepant with information given by the doctor. The data consists of 12 video‐recorded sessions of genetic counseling in Finland, and the method is conversation analysis. There are two primary ways the doctors respond: either they accept the client's information as such, but show that it is not discrepant with the doctor's information, or they reject the client's information. In the latter case they mitigate the ‘wrongness’ of the client's information. The clinical geneticists seem to be working with a dilemma: they need to find a balance between ensuring correct understanding of the information and showing respect for the expertise of others. A particularly complex case is also analyzed and reflected on.
Characterization of a Grapevine R2R3-MYB Transcription Factor That Regulates the Phenylpropanoid Pathway
Authors: Deluc Laurent , Barrieu François , Marchive Chloé , Lauvergeat Virginie , Decendit Alain , Richard Tristan , Carde Jean-Pierre , Mérillon Jean-Michel , Hamdi Saïd 
Published: December 2005

Abstract
The ripening of grape (Vitis vinifera) berry is characterized by dramatic changes in gene expression, enzymatic activities, and metabolism that lead to the production of compounds essential for berry quality. The phenylpropanoid metabolic pathway is one of the components involved in these changes. In this study, we describe the cloning and functional characterization of VvMYB5a, a cDNA isolated from a grape L. cv Cabernet Sauvignon berry library. VvMYB5a encodes a protein belonging to a small subfamily of R2R3-MYB transcription factors. Expression studies in grapevine indicate that the VvMYB5a gene is mainly expressed during the early steps of berry development in skin, flesh, and seeds. Overexpression of VvMYB5a in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) affects the expression of structural genes controlling the synthesis of phenylpropanoid and impacts on the metabolism of anthocyanins, flavonols, tannins, and lignins. Overexpressing VvMYB5a induces a strong accumulation of several phenolic compounds, including keracyanin (cyanidin-3-rhamnoglucoside) and quercetin-3-rhamnoglucoside, which are the main anthocyanin and flavonol compounds in tobacco. In addition, VvMYB5a overexpression increases the biosynthesis of condensed tannins and alters lignin metabolism. These findings suggest that VvMYB5a may be involved in the control of different branches of the phenylpropanoid pathway in grapevine.
The Grapevinefleshless berryMutation. A Unique Genotype to Investigate Differences between Fleshy and Nonfleshy Fruit
Authors: Fernandez Lucie , Romieu Charles , Moing Annick , Bouquet Alain , Maucourt Mickael , Thomas Mark R. , Torregrosa Laurent 
Published: December 2005

AbstractIn flowering plants, fruit morphogenesis is a distinct process following fertilization resulting in the formation of a specialized organ associated with seeds. Despite large variations in types and shapes among species, fleshy fruits share common characteristics to promote seed dispersal by animals such as organ growth and metabolite accumulation to attract animal feeding. The molecular biology of fruit ripening has received considerable attention, but little is known about the determinism of early fruit morphogenesis and why some fruits are fleshy while others lack flesh. We have identified in grapevine (Vitis vinifera) a mutation we have named fleshless berry (flb) that reduces by 20 times the weight of the pericarp at ripening without any effect on fertility or seed size and number. The flb mutation strongly impaired division and differentiation of the most vacuolated cells in the inner mesocarp. The timing of ripening was not altered by the mutation although the accumulation of malic acid in the green stage was noticeably reduced while sucrose content (instead of hexoses) increased during ripening. The mutation segregates as a single dominant locus. These results indicate that the Flb− mutant is suitable material to advance our understanding of the genetic and developmental processes involved in the differentiation of an ovary into a fruit.