bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morbidity and mortality in chronically transfused subjects with thalassemia and sickle cell disease: A report from the multi‐center study of iron overload
Authors: Fung Ellen B. , Harmatz Paul , Milet Meredith , Ballas Samir K. , De Castro Laura , Hagar Ward , Owen William , Olivieri Nancy , Smith‐Whitley Kim , Darbari Deepika , Wang Winfred , Vichinsky Elliott ,   The Multi‐Center Study of Iron Overload Research Group
Published: November 2006

AbstractA natural history study was conducted in 142 Thalassemic (Thal), 199 transfused Sickle Cell Disease (Tx‐SCD, n = 199), and 64 non‐Tx‐SCD subjects to describe the frequency of iron‐related morbidity and mortality. Subjects recruited from 31 centers in the US, Canada or the UK were similar with respect to age (overall: 25 ± 11 years, mean ± SD) and gender (52% female). We found that Tx‐SCD subjects were hospitalized more frequently compared with Thal or non‐Tx‐SCD (P < 0.001). Among those hospitalized, Tx‐SCD adult subjects were more likely to be unemployed compared with Thal (RR = 1.6, 95% CI 1.0–2.5) or non‐Tx‐SCD (RR = 3.1, 95% CI 1.3–7.3). There was a positive relationship between the severity of iron overload, assessed by serum ferritin, and the frequency of hospitalizations (r= 0.20; P = 0.009). Twenty‐three deaths were reported (6 Thal, 17 Tx‐SCD) in 23.5 ± 10 months of follow‐up. Within the Tx‐SCD group, those who died began transfusion (25.3 vs. 12.4 years, P < 0.001) and chelation therapy later (26.8 vs. 14.2 years, P = 0.01) compared with those who survived. The unadjusted death rate in Thal was lower (2.2/100 person years) compared with that in Tx‐SCD (7.0/100 person years; RR = 0.38: 95% CI 0.12–0.99). However, no difference was observed when age at death was considered. Despite improvements in therapy, death rate in this contemporary sample of transfused adult subjects with Thal or SCD is 3 times greater than the general US population. Long term follow‐up of this unique cohort of subjects will be helpful in further defining the relationship of chronic, heavy iron overload to morbidity and mortality. Am. J. Hematol., 2007. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Secret ties to industry and conflicting interests in cancer research
Authors: Hardell Lennart , Walker Martin J. , Walhjalt Bo , Friedman Lee S. , Richter Elihu D. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractBackgroundRecently it was reported that a Swedish professor in environmental health has for decades worked as a consultant for Philip Morris without reporting his employment to his academic employer or declaring conflicts of interest in his research. The potential for distorting the epidemiological assessments of hazard and risk through paid consultants, pretending to be independent, is not exclusive to the tobacco industry.MethodsDocumentation is drawn from peer reviewed publications, websites, documents from the Environmental Protection Agency, University reports, Wellcome Library Special Collections and the Washington Post.ResultsSome consulting firms employ university researchers for industry work thereby disguising industry links in the income of large departments. If the industry affiliation is concealed by the scientist, biases from conflicting interests in risk assessments cannot be evaluated and dealt with properly. Furthermore, there is reason to suspect that editors and journal staff may suppress publication of scientific results that are adverse to industry owing to internal conflict of interest between editorial integrity and business needs.ConclusionsExamples of these problems from Sweden, UK, and USA are presented. The shortfalls cited in this article illustrate the need for improved transparency, regulations that will help curb abuses as well as instruments for control and enforcement against abuses. Am. J. Ind. Med. 50: 227–233, 2007. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Climatic exposure of polymer optical fibers: Thermooxidative stability characterization by chemiluminescence
Authors: Appajaiah Anilkumar , Wachtendorf Volker , Daum Werner 
Published: November 2006

AbstractThe optical transmission stability was investigated for commercially available polymer optical fibers (POFs) which were exposed to a climate of 92°C and 95% relative humidity for about 3300 h. The optical transmission stability of POFs was correlated to their thermooxidative stability. POFs possessed identical core material, poly(methyl methacrylate), but they differed in the materials used for the claddings. The optical transmission was measured online using a prototype device called multiplexer. The chemiluminescence (CL) technique was applied to characterize the thermooxidative stability and degradation of POFs. CL analysis reveals the thermooxidative degradation of bare POFs (core and cladding), predominantly of the claddings, as a result of climatic exposure. Ultraviolet–visible transmittance measurements demonstrated more changes in the claddings as compared to the cores due to degradation. The CL and optical measurements data indicated that the optical transmission stability of POFs was dependent mainly on the thermooxidative stability of the claddings and their chemical compositions. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 1593–1601, 2007
Use of copper(II)/ethylene diamine‐cotton complex for the adsorption of residual dyes
Authors: Baouab Mohamed Hassen V. , Khalfaoui Mohamed , Gauthier Robert 
Published: November 2006

AbstractThe chemical modification of cotton is performed by successive reactions with thionyl chloride followed by ethylene diamine (ED) to prepare aminoalkyl amino cotton namely ED‐cotton. Evidence of attaching ethylene diamine groups onto cotton is provided by nitrogen determination and thermogravimetry analysis. Because of complexation, the ethylene diamine‐grafted groups immobilizes Cu(II) ions from buffered solution at pH 6. The formation of a 1/1 complex is assessed by the adsorption limit values. The binary system [Cu(II)/ED‐cotton] is then tested for the adsorption of two acid dyes (Acid Blue 25 and Calmagite) as ligands in the metal‐coordinating process. The adsorption of Cu(II) onto ED‐cotton and of the dyes onto Cu(II)/ED‐cotton is followed spectrometrically. The observed stoichiometries of the ternary‐formed complex [Dye/Cu(II)/ED‐cotton] are 1/1/1 with Acid Blue 25 and 0.75/1/1 with Calmagite at 20°C. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms constants for the adsorption of the tested dyes onto Cu(II)/ED‐cotton are evaluated from the experimental data, but better agreement is obtained by using the composite isotherm of Jossens. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 1389–1396, 2007
Synthesis and characterization of organosoluble polyfluorinated polyimides derived from 3,3′,5,5′‐tetrafluoro‐4,4′‐diaminodiphenylmethane and various aromatic dianhydrides
Authors: Zhao Xiao‐Juan , Liu Jin‐Gang , Rui Jia‐Ming , Fan Lin , Yang Shi‐Yong 
Published: November 2006

AbstractA polyfluorinated aromatic diamine, 3,3′, 5,5′‐tetrafluoro‐4,4′‐diaminodiphenylmethane (TFDAM), was synthesized and characterized. A series of polyimides, PI‐1–PI‐4, were prepared by reacting the diamine with four aromatic dianhydrides via a one‐step high‐temperature polycondensation procedure. The obtained polyimide resin had moderate inherent viscosity (0.56–0.68 dL/g) and excellent solubility in common organic solvents. The polyimide films exhibited good thermal stability, with an initial thermal decomposition temperature of 555°C–621°C, a 10% weight loss temperature of 560°C–636°C, and a glass‐transition temperature of 280°C–326°C. Flexible and tough polyimide films showed good tensile properties, with tensile strength of 121–138 MPa, elongation at break of 9%–12%, and tensile modulus of 2.2–2.9 GPa. The polyimide films were good dielectric materials, and surface and volume resistance were on the order of a magnitude of 1014 and 1015 Ω cm, respectively. The dielectric constant of the films was below 3.0 at 1 MHz. The polyfluorinated films showed good transparency in the visible‐light region, with a cutoff wavelength as low as 302 nm and transmittance higher than 70% at 450 nm. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 1442–1449, 2007
Preparation and characterization of polysiloxane–polyacrylates composite lattices by two seeded emulsion polymerization and their film properties
Authors: Zou Mingxuan , Zhao Qingchun , Nie Jun , Zhang Zhicheng 
Published: November 2006

AbstractGamma ray‐induced seeded emulsion polymerization of methyl methacrylate and butyl acrylate was carried out in the presence of polymerizable polysiloxane seed latex, which was obtained by the ring‐opening copolymerization of octamethyl cyclotetrasiloxane (D4) and tetramethyl tetravinyl cyclotetrasiloxane(VD4) catalyzed by dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid (DBSA). After the first seeded polymerization, 3‐methacryloxylpropyltrimethoxylsilane (MPS) was added for the second seeded polymerization. The conversion–time curve showed that the first seeded polymerization rate was accelerated much by the polysiloxane seed latex. The final composite lattices also showed good storage stability, mechanical stability, and high electrolyte resistance ability. The morphology of the composite latex particles was found to be a quite uniform fine structure by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The graft of polyacrylates onto polysiloxane and hydrolysis of MPS were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) spectroscopy. The mechanical performance, water absorption ratio, surface properties, and transparency of the latex films were also investigated. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 1406–1411, 2007
Homogeneous polymerization of ethylene using an iron‐based metal catalyst system
Authors: Mahdavi Hossein , Badiei Alireza , Zohuri Gholam Hossein , Rezaee Abbas , Jamjah Roghieh , Ahmadjo Saied 
Published: November 2006

AbstractAn iron‐based catalyst of 2,6‐bis‐[1‐(2‐methylphenylimino)ethyl]pyridine iron dichloride was prepared. The ligand was prepared using 2,6‐diacetylpyridine as the starting chemical under controlled conditions. The preparation procedure was followed using 13C‐NMR, 1H‐NMR, FT‐IR, MS (mass spectroscopy), and elemental analysis methods. The homogeneous polymerization of ethylene was carried out using the prepared catalyst in toluene media. Methyl aluminoxane (MAO) was used as a cocatalyst. The effect of the [Al] : [Fe] molar ratio, polymerization temperature, and monomer pressure of 202,000 to 454,500 Pa on the polymerization behavior were studied. The highest activity of the catalyst was obtained at 30°C, the activity decreased with increasing temperature, while increasing pressure linearly increased its activity. The molecular weight distribution of the polyethylene obtained was 1.25 to 1.72. A weight average molecular weight of 7.1 × 104 and 1.5 × 103 were obtained. The crystallinity of the polymer was about 19% and its melting point was about 65°C. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 1517–1522, 2007
High dielectric constant SU8 composite photoresist for embedded capacitors
Authors: Xu Jianwen , Wong C.P. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractA novel, photodefinable, high dielectric constant (high‐k) nanocomposite material was developed for embedded capacitor applications. It consists of SU8 as the polymer matrix and barium titanate (BT) nanoparticles as the filler. The UV absorption characteristics of BT nanoparticles were studied with a UV‐Vis spectrophotometer. The effects of BT nanoparticle size, filler loading, and UV irradiation dose on SU8 photopolymerization were systematically investigated. The dielectric properties of the photodefined SU8 nanocomposites were characterized. Embedded capacitors using the novel high dielectric constant SU8 composite photoresist were demonstrated on a flexible polyimide substrate by the UV lithography method. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 1523–1528, 2007
Synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of carboxyl‐terminated poly(ethylene glycol) adipate‐modified epoxy networks: Effect of molecular weight
Authors: Murali M. , Ratna D. , Samui A. B. , Chakraborty B. C. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractA series of carboxyl‐terminated poly(ethylene glycol) adipate (CTPEGA) was synthesized by polycondensation of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) of various molecular weights (“2000,” “4000,” “6000,” “8000,” “10,000” g/mol) and adipic acid. CTPEGA was incorporated into the epoxy by a prereaction method. The CTPEGA and modified epoxy samples were thoroughly characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 1H NMR spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and gel permeation chromatography. The effects of molecular weight of CTPEGA on thermomechanical and viscoelastic properties of the modified epoxy networks were investigated. Maximum improvement in impact strength was found for the epoxy network modified with CTPEGA containing PEG of molecular weight 2000 g/mol. With further increase in molecular weight of CTPEGA, the impact strength of the modified network decreases. However, in case of higher molecular weight CTPEGA, the improvement in toughness was achieved without any reduction in Tg due to the complete phase separation. The results were explained in terms of morphology studied by scanning electron microscopy. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 1723–1730, 2007
Organic interfacial tailoring of styrene butadiene rubber–clay nanocomposites prepared by latex compounding method
Authors: Jia Qing‐Xiu , Wu You‐Ping , Wang Yi‐Qing , Lu Ming , Yang Jian , Zhang Li‐Qun 
Published: November 2006

AbstractThe styrene butadiene rubber (SBR)–clay nanocompounds were prepared by the latex compounding method, and then hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (C16) and 3‐aminopropyl triethoxy silane (KH550) were added into these nanocompounds on a two‐roll mill to prepare nanocomposites with strong interfacial interaction. The structure and properties of SBR–clay nanocomposites were carefully studied by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) studies, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Rubber Process Analyzer (RPA), and mechanical testing. Compared with unmodified nanocomposites, the dispersion structure of modified SBR–clay nanocomposites is better with part rubber‐intercalated or part modifier‐intercalated structure. The tensile strength and the modulus at 300% elongation of modified SBR–clay nanocomposites are higher than three times of those of unmodified nanocomposites, respectively. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 1826–1833, 2007
“Living”/controlled polymerization of methyl acrylate mediated by dithiocarbamates under γ‐ray irradiation
Authors: Zhou Ying , Zhu Xiulin , Cheng Zhenping , Zhu Jian 
Published: November 2006

Abstractγ‐Ray initiated reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerizations of methyl acrylate (MA) were investigated in bulk using five different dithiocarbamate structures, 2‐phenyl‐benzoimidazole‐1‐carbodithioic acid benzyl ester (1b), 2‐methyl‐benzoimidazole‐1‐carbodithioic acid benzyl ester (1c), 2‐pheny‐indole‐1‐cardithioic acid benzyl ester (1d), 2‐(carbazole‐9‐carbothioylsulfanyl)‐2‐methyl‐propionic acid ester (1e), and carbazole‐9‐carbodithioic acid naphthalene‐1‐ylmethyl ester (1f), as RAFT agents. The experiment results showed that MA polymerized in a controlled way under a low irradiation dose rate, i.e., first‐order kinetic plots, the experimental molecular weights increased linearly with monomer conversions. The polydispersity indices of polymers generally remained at a relatively low value (lower than 1.4). The effect of irradiation dose on the polymerization results was investigated. The obtained polymers were characterized with 1H NMR and GPC. Chain‐extension reaction was also successfully carried out using the obtained polymer as the macro‐RAFT agent and styrene as the second monomer. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 1769–1775, 2007
Morphology prediction of ternary polypropylene composites containing elastomer and calcium carbonate nanoparticles filler
Authors: Ma C. G. , Zhang M. Q. , Rong M. Z. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractIn this work, the morphology was studied in ternary composites of polypropylene (PP) with nanosized calcium carbonate (nano‐CaCO3) fillers and elastomer inclusions and the thermodynamic consideration was used to analyze the formation of phase structure of the composites. The wetting coefficient (ωa), interfacial tension (γAB), and work of adhesion (WAB) were calculated to predict dispersion state of nano‐CaCO3 fillers. A comparison of the prediction and SEM analysis was given. The results show that three types of phase structures were formed: an encapsulation of the filler by elastomer, a separate dispersion of the filler and elastomer, and a particular structure of the filler at the PP/elastomer interface. The predictions by ωa were all successfully supported‐up by SEM analysis and the predictions by WAB were however trustless. Both γAB and WAB can predict a separate dispersion or an encapsulation phase structure, but they were not available for the particular structure of the filler at the PP/elastomer interface. ωa was competent and favored for the prediction of all three types of morphology among the three parameters. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 1578–1584, 2007
Knowledge discovery based on an implicit and explicit conceptual network
Authors: Koike Asako , Takagi Toshihisa 
Published: November 2006

AbstractThe amount of knowledge accumulated in published scientific papers has increased due to the continuing progress being made in scientific research. Since numerous papers have only reported fragments of scientific facts, there are possibilities for discovering new knowledge by connecting these facts. We therefore developed a system called BioTermNet to draft a conceptual network with hybrid methods of information extraction and information retrieval. Two concepts are regarded as related in this system if (a) their relationship is clearly described in MEDLINE abstracts or (b) they have distinctively co‐occurred in abstracts. PRIME data, including protein interactions and functions extracted by NLP techniques, are used in the former, and the Singhal‐measure for information retrieval is used in the latter. Relationships that are not clearly or directly described in an abstract can be extracted by connecting multiple concepts. To evaluate how well this system performs, Swanson's association between Raynaud's disease and fish oil and that between migraine and magnesium were tested with abstracts that had been published before the discovery of these associations. The result was that when start and end concepts were given, plausible and understandable intermediate concepts connecting them could be detected. When only the start concept was given, not only the focused concept (magnesium and fish oil) but also other probable concepts could be detected as related concept candidates. Finally, this system was applied to find diseases related to the BRCA1 gene. Some other new potentially related diseases were detected along with diseases whose relations to BRCA1 were already known. The BioTermNet is available at http://btn.ontology.ims.u‐tokyo.ac.jp.
Überlegungen zur anwendungsorientierten Stoffzusammensetzung von UHFB
Authors: Viet Tue Nguyen , Küchler Michael , Ma Jianxin , Henze Stefan 
Published: November 2006

AbstractUltrahochfester Beton (UHFB) stellt den aktuellen Entwicklungsstand in der Betontechnologie dar. Durch die Variation der Stahlfasergeometrie und des ‐gehalts können die Eigenschaften dieses innovativen Werkstoffs innerhalb einer Bandbreite gestaltet werden. Anhand einer eigenen Versuchsreihe werden die Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten des Anwenders demonstriert und Anregungen zur Wahl einer gezielten Stoffzusammensetzung gegeben.
Anforderungen an die Betontechnik und konstruktive Ausbildung von Schwimmbecken aus WU‐Beton
Authors: Freimann Thomas , Müller Michael 
Published: November 2006

AbstractStahlbeton‐Schwimmbecken aus Beton mit hohem Wassereindringwiderstand ohne zusätzliche Abdichtung erfordern nicht nur vertiefte betontechnische Kenntnisse zur Festlegung maßgeblicher Betoneigenschaften während der Planung, sondern auch detaillierte Überlegungen zur Fugenplanung und Ausführbarkeit der geplanten Beckenkonstruktion.Für den Fachplaner ergeben sich vor allem aus DIN 1045, WU‐Richtlinie und Merkblatt des BÖB neue und veränderte betontechnische Anforderungen, die zusammen mit praktischen Hinweisen und Besonderheiten zur Fugenplanung nachfolgend erläutert werden sollen.
Mechanochemical Synthesis and Thermal Decomposition of Mg(AlH4)2.
Authors: Kim Yoonyoung , Lee Eung‐Kyu , Shim Jae‐Hyeok , Cho Young Whan , Yoon Kyung Byung 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
ZrIV‐Monosubstituted Keggin‐Type Dimeric Polyoxometalates: Synthesis, Characterization, Catalysis of H2O2‐Based Oxidations, and Theoretical Study.
Authors: Kholdeeva Oxana A. , Maksimov Gennadii M. , Maksimovskaya Raisa I. , Vanina Marina P. , Trubitsina Tatiana A. , Naumov Dmitry Yu. , Kolesov Boris A. , Antonova Nadya S. , Carbo Jorge J. , Poblet Josep M. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Highly Active Au(II) Catalyst for the Intramolecular exo‐Hydrofunctionalization of Allenes with Carbon, Nitrogen, and Oxygen Nucleophiles.
Authors: Zhang Zhibin , Liu Cong , Kinder Robert E. , Han Xiaoqing , Qian Hua , Widenhoefer Ross A. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Unique Gold Chemoselectivity for the Aerobic Oxidation of Allylic Alcohols.
Authors: Abad Alberto , Almela Carles , Corma Avelino , Garcia Hermenegildo 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Reconstructed Hydrotalcite as a Highly Active Heterogeneous Base Catalyst for Carbon—Carbon Bond Formations in the Presence of Water.
Authors: Ebitani Kohki , Motokura Ken , Mori Kohsuke , Mizugaki Tomoo , Kaneda Kiyotomi 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Versatile Hexadiene Synthesis by Decarboxylative sp3—sp3 Coupling/Cope Rearrangement.
Authors: Waetzig Shelli R. , Rayabarapu Dinesh K. , Weaver Jimmie D. , Tunge Jon A. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Efficient Synthesis of Tetramethylsulfonylguanidines Between a Free Sulfonamide Group and HBTU.
Authors: Gluszok Sebastien , Goossens Laurence , Depreux Patrick , Henichart Jean‐Pierre 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Studies on Novel Synthetic Methodologies. Part 81. A Rapid and Efficient Stereoselective Synthesis of (Z)‐ and (E)‐Allyl Bromides from Baylis—Hillman Adducts Using Bromo(dimethyl)sulfonium Bromide.
Authors: Das Biswanath , Venkateswarlu Katta , Krishnaiah Maddeboina , Holla Harish , Majhi Anjoy 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.