bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improved 2‐nitrobenzenesulfenyl method: optimization of the protocol and improved enrichment for labeled peptides
Authors: Matsuo Ei‐ichi , Toda Chikako , Watanabe Makoto , Iida Tetsuo , Masuda Taro , Minohata Toshikazu , Ando Eiji , Tsunasawa Susumu , Nishimura Osamu 
Published: November 2005

AbstractWe have developed the NBS (2‐nitrobenzenesulfenyl) method, a quantitative proteome analysis method utilizing stable isotope labeling followed by mass spectrometry. The potential of this method was reported previously, and the procedure has now been further optimized. Here, we describe a procedure utilizing urea or guanidine hydrochloride as a protein denaturant, in conjunction with an improved chromatographic enrichment method for the NBS‐labeled peptides using a phenyl resin column. By using this new protocol, both sample loss throughout the protocol and the elution of unwanted unlabeled peptides can be minimized, improving the efficiency of the analysis significantly. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Direct infusion electrospray ionization mass spectra of crude cell extracts for microbial characterizations: influence of solvent conditions on the detection of proteins
Authors: Vaidyanathan Seetharaman , O'Hagan Steve , Goodacre Royston 
Published: November 2005

AbstractDirect infusion electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (DIES‐MS) of crude bacterial extracts is a rapid method that can be used to characterize microbial cells. Phospholipids, metabolites, and proteins can be detected rapidly with minimal sample preparation. However, several factors influence the detection of signals in such high‐throughput analyses. We studied the influence of solvent conditions, including the organic content and pH of the solvent, on the extraction and subsequent detection of signals in DIES‐MS, with a view to improving the detection of protein signals. Unfractionated cell extracts from three strains of the Gram‐negative Escherichia coli (including one encoding a recombinant green fluorescence protein), and the Gram‐positive Bacillus sphaericus and B. subtilis were investigated. Both pH and the organic content of the solvent were found to influence the spectral information as observed from principal component analysis of the spectral data. A polar solvent with higher organic content resulted in the extraction of phospholipids that overtly dominate the spectral information. Decreasing the organic content of the extraction solvent resulted in the improved detection of protein peaks. Altering the pH of the extraction solvent resulted in different protein profiles from the same bacterium, as observed after spectral deconvolution. In addition, the protein profiles were also different when using different organic solvents. Spectral deconvolution showed several protein peaks that had mass‐based homology with those in protein databases for the (sequenced) organisms studied. These results suggest that a combination of solvent conditions can be used to generate protein profiles rapidly that when combined can provide additional valuable proteomic information. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Rapid and direct measurement of free concentrations of highly protein‐bound fluoxetine and its metabolite norfluoxetine in plasma
Authors: Guo Bin , Li Chuan , Wang Guangji , Chen Laishun 
Published: November 2005

AbstractFluoxetine (F) and its active N‐demethylated metabolite, norfluoxetine (NF), are selective serotonin re‐uptake inhibitors that bind extensively to plasma proteins. Development and validation of a novel method for measuring free concentrations of F and NF in plasma are reported here. The plasma filtrate was prepared by a high‐speed short‐duration ultrafiltration (UF) and then submitted directly to a short‐column liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometric (LC/MS/MS) assay. There was no significant matrix effect on the analysis, and non‐specific binding of the analytes to the UF devices was negligible. For validation of the method, the recovery of the free analytes was compared to that from an optimized equilibrium dialysis method, and analyte stability was examined under conditions mimicking the sample storage, handling, and analysis procedures. The linearity range was 0.37–12 ng/mL for F and NF; the within‐run and between‐run relative standard deviations were less than 11.9%, and accuracies across the assay range were 100 ± 10.3%. This new method was then further validated in a pharmacokinetic (PK) study in beagle dogs receiving a single oral dose of fluoxetine hydrochloride. The integrity of the resulting PK data of free F and NF was absolute. The PK data indicate that the novel method is accurate and reliable. To our knowledge this is the first report describing a rapid and reliable method for direct measurement of free concentrations of F and NF in plasma, which will be useful for clinical pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic studies of F. Furthermore, the strategies described herein may be applied to the development and validation of methods for measuring the free concentrations of other drugs in plasma. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Top‐down characterization of proteins and drug‐protein complexes using nanoelectrospray tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Mandal Rupasri , Li Xing‐Fang 
Published: November 2005

AbstractWe report a ‘top‐down’ approach for characterization of proteins, and identification of binding sites in protein‐drug complexes using nanoelectrospray ionization hybrid quadrupole time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry (nanoESI‐MS/MS). The efficiency of direct fragmentation of intact protein ions and the feasibility of this method were initially demonstrated using several well‐characterized proteins with different molecular weights including metallothionein (6126 Da), cytochrome c (horse, 12360 Da), myoglobin (horse, 16592 Da), and hemoglobin (human, 64453 Da). Simply varying collision energy without enzyme digestion and gel or LC separation generated a range of peptide fragments of these proteins. Over 80% of these peptide ions matched those in the SWISS‐PROT database with mass accuracy of 8 to 32 ppm with external calibration. This technique was further applied to fragment a cisplatin‐metallothionein complex to identify the binding sites, demonstrating a potential application in the study of drug‐protein binding. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Characterization of boldione and its metabolites in human urine by liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry
Authors: Kim Yunje , Jun Myungyoon , Lee Won 
Published: November 2005

AbstractBoldione (1,4‐androstadiene‐3,17‐dione) is a direct precursor (prohormone) to the anabolic steroid boldenone (1,4‐androstadiene‐17β‐ol‐3‐one). It is advertised as a highly anabolic/androgenic compound promoting muscularity, enhancing strength and overall physical performance, and is available on the Internet and in health stores. This work was undertaken to determine and characterize boldione and its metabolites in human urine, using both liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and gas chromatography with mass spectrometry and derivatization. Boldione and its three metabolites were detected in dosed human urine after dosing a healthy volunteer with 100 mg boldione. The excretion studies showed that boldione and its metabolites were detectable in urine for 48 h after oral administration, with maximum excretion rates after 1.8 and 3.6 h (boldenone case). The amounts of boldione and boldenone excreted in urine from this 100 mg dose were 34.45 and 15.95 mg, respectively. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Myocardial regulatory proteins and heart failure
Authors: Adamcová Michaela , Štěrba Martin , Šimůnek Tomáš , Potáčová Anna , Popelová Olga , Geršl Vladimír 
Published: November 2005

AbstractCardiac troponin T (cTnT) and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) are considered to be the most specific and sensitive biochemical markers of myocardial damage. Troponins have been studied in a wide range of clinical settings, including heart failure; however, there are few data on the role of regulatory proteins in the pathogenesis of heart failure, although a few interesting hypotheses have been proposed. A considerable body of evidence favours the view that alteration of the myocardial thin filament is the primary event leading to defective contractility of the failing myocardium, while the changes in Ca2+ handling are a compensatory response. A better understanding of the role of regulatory proteins under different physiological and pathological conditions could lead to new therapeutic approaches in heart failure. Recently, calcium sensitisation has been proposed as a novel method by which cardiac performance may be enhanced via an increase in the affinity of troponin C for calcium but without affecting intracellular calcium concentration. To date, the only calcium sensitizer used in clinical practice is levosimendan.
Influence of ACE‐inhibition and mechanical unloading on the regulation of extracellular matrix proteins in the myocardium of heart transplantation candidates bridged by ventricular assist devices
Authors: Milting Hendrik , Kassner Astrid , Arusoglu Latif , Meyer Helmut E. , Morshuis Michel , Brendel Ramona , Klauke Bärbel , El Banayosy Aly , Körfer Reiner 
Published: November 2005

AbstractBackground:Whether adverse structural changes in the myocardium due to remodelling can be reversed by ventricular assist device (VAD) support in patients with end‐stage heart failure is controversial.Aims:To investigate the effect of VAD support on the extra‐cellular matrix.Methods:We analysed the collagen content in terminal failing ventricles of VAD‐patients and donor hearts using 4‐hydroxyproline for total collagen and real time RT‐PCR for fibronectin (FN), collagen I alpha 1 (Col1A1), III alpha 1 (Col3A1) and TGF beta 1 analysis.Results:Compared to donor hearts we found similar increases in Col1A1 and TGF beta1 but not Col3A1 and FN mRNAs, which were similar in the myocardium from patients receiving a VAD or heart transplant. However, patients receiving ACE‐I during VAD‐support had lower Col1A1 mRNA content at transplantation. The total collagen content was not influenced by mechanical unloading or by ACE‐I medication.Conclusion:Mechanical unloading by VAD does not reduce the collagen content of the terminal failing ventricle possibly due to increased TGF beta1 levels. However, Col1A1 production may be reduced by ACE‐I medication during VAD support.
Decreased survival in diabetic patients with heart failure due to systolic dysfunction☆
Authors: Kamalesh Masoor , Subramanian Usha , Sawada Stephen , Eckert George , Temkit M'Hamed , Tierney William 
Published: November 2005

AbstractBackground:Prognosis of patients with heart failure (HF) has improved in recent years due to advances in therapy. Whether this is also true for diabetic subjects with HF in clinical practice has not been studied in a prospective manner.Methods:All patients with HF and left ventricular systolic dysfunction attending the outpatient clinic at our Veteran's Hospital between October 1999 and November 2000 were enrolled in our study and followed prospectively. Electronic medical records were accessed for data on comorbid conditions, medications, echocardiogram results and mortality information. Mean follow‐up was 2.7 years.Results:Of 495 patients with HF due to systolic dysfunction enrolled in the study, 293 (59%) had diabetes. Prevalence of hypertension, diuretic use and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor use was higher among diabetics. Beta‐blocker usage was equal and high in both groups (60%). On follow‐up, 109/273 (37%) patients in the diabetic group died, compared with 49/202 (24%) in the non‐diabetic group. Independent predictors of death were diabetes (p<0.005, OR=1.73), age at enrollment (p<0.0001, OR=1.06), serum creatinine (p<0.01, OR=1.44) and diuretic use (p=0.038, OR=1.85). Beta‐blocker use was associated with a decreased risk of death on univariate analysis only.Conclusions:Our results show that diabetic patients with HF continue to have higher mortality than non‐diabetic patients with HF despite advances in therapy.
Diets of herring, mackerel, and blue whiting in the Norwegian Sea in relation to Calanus finmarchicus distribution and temperature conditions
Authors: Prokopchuk Irina , Sentyabov Evgeniy 
Published: November 2005

Abstract
Diets of Norwegian spring-spawning herring, mackerel, and blue whiting in the Norwegian Sea are investigated in relation to the distribution of plankton and hydrographic conditions. Fish stomachs and zooplankton samples were collected during summer (June and July) cruises in 2001 and 2002. Calanus finmarchicus was the principal prey of mackerel, accounting for 53–98% of total stomach content by weight. The diet composition of herring varied depending on feeding area and availability of food under various environmental conditions. C. finmarchicus was important prey for herring only in July 2001 (about 77% by weight) in the central part of the sea and in June 2002 (about 82% by weight) near the Lofotens. In July 2002 appendicularians (Oikopleura spp.), amphipods (mainly Parathemisto abissorum), and euphausiids were important in the diet of herring, and at some stations cannibalism was observed. The main prey of blue whiting were amphipods (10–34% by weight), appendicularians (11–34%), and euphausiids (8–47%), as they usually feed deep in the water column, though C. finmarchicus was important, particularly in June 2002, when blue whiting were caught in the upper layers of the sea. Higher water temperatures indirectly affect pelagic fish through accelerated development of their prey and favourable conditions for migration farther north.
Misoprostol in preventing postpartum hemorrhage: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Langenbach C. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractObjective:To assess misoprostol's ability to prevent postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) where no alternatives exist. Comparison to oxytocics demonstrates how similarly misoprostol achieves a level of effectiveness–obtainable only in hospitals–in remote locations around the world.Method:Using the Mantel–Haenszel fixed‐effects model and the DerSirmonian and Laird random‐effects model, summary statistics indicated that misoprostol's excess risk of PPH was only 4% when compared to oxytocics.Result:This risk difference was well within the range of expected results for all uterotonic agents and does not warrant branding misoprostol as an inferior drug.Conclusion:Conventional uterotonic drugs should not be used to set the lowest‐accepted level of effectiveness in settings where they are entirely unsuitable. Continuing to weigh the benefits of one effective drug against another only delays the distribution of misoprostol in countries where it is the only feasible choice and must be measured against no treatment at all.
Laryngeal Muscle Surface Receptors Identified using Random Phage Library
Authors: Flint Paul W. , Li Zhao Bo , Lehar Mohamed , Saito Koichiro , Pai Sara I. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractObjectives: The ultimate goal of this study is to improve the efficiency of gene transfer in mammalian muscle by developing targeted adenoviral vectors. Altering the tropism of viral vectors to recognize tissue specific antigens is one method to achieve this goal. This approach requires identification of cell‐surface receptors and the insertion of target peptide sequences into the adenoviral fiber protein. In this study, phage biopanning was performed on cultured rat skeletal and laryngeal muscle to identify cell‐surface receptors.Study Design: In vitro cell culture and in vivo animal model.Methods: M‐13 Phage biopanning was used for muscle cell‐surface receptor analysis on cultured rat skeletal and laryngeal muscle. Nonbinding and binding phage to cultured skeletal and laryngeal muscle were screened for muscle specific surface peptides. In vivo studies were then performed using muscle specific phage.Results: Skeletal muscle specific binding by the YASTNPM phage was observed by in vivo immunostaining. Phage titering demonstrated a 109‐fold increase in skeletal muscle binding compared with nontarget tissue. A peptide sequence (NPSQVKH) specific for laryngeal muscle yielded a 107‐fold increase in laryngeal muscle phage titer compared with nontarget tissue.Conclusions: These results identify muscle cell‐surface receptors that may be used as potential targets for genetic modification of adenovirus tropism. Moreover, phage specificity for skeletal and laryngeal muscle indicates specific muscle groups may be targeted.
Correlation between Symptoms and Laryngeal Signs in Laryngopharyngeal Reflux
Authors: Qadeer Mohammed A. , Swoger Jason , Milstein Claudio , Hicks Douglas M. , Ponsky Jeff , Richter Joel E. , Abelson Tom I. , Vaezi Michael F. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractObjective/Hypothesis: Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) is diagnosed by the presence of laryngeal signs and symptoms. Some studies have noted that signs and symptoms may be nonspecific and may have poor correlation. However, many such studies were either observational or had short‐term follow‐up. Therefore, we conducted subgroup analysis of a prospective concurrent controlled study with a 1 year follow‐up to study the correlation between signs and symptoms.Study Design: Prospective study.Methods: Seventy‐two patients with suspected gastroesophageal reflux disease related laryngeal symptoms/signs received a 4 month trial of aggressive acid‐suppressive therapy. Four month symptomatic nonresponders (<50% improvement) with continued laryngeal inflammation and normalized esophageal acid exposure were then offered laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication. The primary outcome was laryngeal symptom‐sign correlation at 1 year postsurgery.Results: Twenty‐five of 72 (35%) patients remained unresponsive after 4 months of aggressive acid suppressive therapy. Ten (40%) patients agreed to undergo surgical fundoplication (mean age = 50, male = 4). The most common laryngeal symptoms were sore throat (40%), hoarseness (30%), and cough (20%), whereas the most common signs were medial arytenoid wall erythema/edema (60%), interarytenoid erythema (50%), and arytenoid complex erythema/edema (50%). At 1 year postfundoplication, laryngeal symptoms improved in only 1 of 10 (10%) patient, whereas signs improved in 8 of 10 (80%) patients.Conclusions: There appears to be poor correlation between signs and symptoms of LPR, particularly when monitoring therapeutic outcomes. In patients unresponsive to twice‐daily proton‐pump inhibitor therapy for 4 months, further aggressive therapy is unlikely to bring additional symptomatic benefit.
Inhibition of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor by Macrolides in Cultured Fibroblasts from Nasal Polyps
Authors: Matsune Shoji , Sun Dong , Ohori Junichiro , Nishimoto Kengo , Fukuiwa Tatsuya , Ushikai Masato , Kurono Yuichi 
Published: November 2005

AbstractObjective: In order to study a new mechanism of efficacy of 14‐membered ring macrolides in treating chronic rhinosinusitis, inhibitory effects of macrolides on vascular endothelial growth factor production were examined in vitro.Methods: Vascular endothelisal growth factor production in cultured fibloblasts from human nasal polyps obtained from surgery for chronic paranasal sinusitis stimulated by hypoxia or tumor necrosis factor‐α was assessed under the administration of Clarithromycin or Roxisthromycin by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain‐reaction.Results: Dose‐dependent inhibitory effects on vascular endothelisal growth factor production stimulated by hypoxia or tumor necrosis factor‐α were noted in the groups treated with Clarithromycin and Roxisthromycin, including inhibition of vascular endothelisal growth factor mRNA levels.Conclusion: While, to date, several evidences have indicated that the mechanisms by which 14‐membered ring macrolides reduce inflammation are not simply bactericidal, these results suggest another new mechanism of efficacy of macrolides in treating chronic rhinosinusitis.
First Case of Laryngeal Glomangiomyoma
Authors: Lee Walter T. , Murthy Sudish C. , Gildea Thomas R. , Lorenz Robert R. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractGlomus tumors are derived from the normal glomus body, which is an arteriovenous confluence involved with thermoregulation. These true glomus tumors are different from the “glomus tumors” derived from the paraganglion system often encountered by the otolaryngologist. Glomus tumors have been reported in a variety of locations including the pancreas, perineum, nasal cavity, and torso; however, most are found in the extremities. We present the first case of a laryngeal glomangiomyoma. Furthermore, this lesion was successfully excised endoscopically with a CO2 laser.
Docetaxel Associated Pathways in Cisplatin Resistant Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Pilot Study
Authors: Yoo George H. , Lin Ho‐Sheng , Iskander Andrew J. , Piechocki Marie P. , Oliver Jeffery , Kewson Danny , Lonardo Fulvio , Tainsky Michael A. , Kim Hyeong‐Reh , Kim Harold , Ensley John F. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractPurpose: This is a pilot study to identify changes in gene and protein expressions after treatment with docetaxel in cisplatin‐resistant head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).Methods: Two cisplatin‐resistant HNSCC cell lines, HN30 and HN12, were treated with either docetaxel or cisplatin. After 48 hours, differential gene expression between the two treatment groups (docetaxel‐treated cells and cisplatin‐treated cells) was analyzed using cDNA microarray. Differential protein expression between these two treatment groups was determined using PowerBlot and Western Blot analysisResults: A total of 150 genes and proteins were found to have differential expression patterns in HNSCC after treatment with docetaxel versus cisplatin. Many of these differentially expressed genes and proteins were involved in the cell cycle (decreased E2F), apoptosis (increased bax), angiogenesis (increased thrombospondin), and signal transduction (decreased epidermoid growth factor receptor) regulatory pathways.Conclusions: Gene and protein expression are different and distinct between cells treated with docetaxel and cells treated with cisplatin. This finding provides evidence that different molecular pathways leading to cell death are targeted by docetaxel and cisplatin. Future studies focusing on these differentially expressed genes and proteins may improve our understanding, at the molecular level, of the mechanisms responsible for docetaxel‐induced apoptosis in cisplatin‐resistant HNSCC. Furthermore, these differentially expressed genes and proteins can be exploited as useful surrogate endpoint biomarkers in future clinical trials using docetaxel.
A New Crimping Device for Stapedectomy Prostheses
Authors: Huettenbrink Karl‐Bernd , Beutner Dirk 
Published: November 2005

AbstractObjective: To describe a newly designed microforceps for easy and stable crimping of a prosthesis loop to the incus' long process in stapes surgeryResults: We developed a crimping tool with two innovative improvements. First, the tip of the crimping device is arcuated and thus able to span the loop of the prosthesis entirely around the incus long process. Second, a retaining spring is implemented into the handle. This passive opening mechanism of the crimper avoids the switch from flexor to extensor muscle group movements in the forearm of the surgeon while switching from crimping to unclosing the forceps. This maneuver, which is considered the most delicate in ear surgery, can be performed by variations of the flexor muscle group tonus only.Conclusion: The new crimping tool has proved to be reliable in firm attachment of the prosthesis' loop to the incus long process. Furthermore, because of the passive open‐up mechanism movements of the surgeon's hand, wriggling excursions of the tip of the forceps are minimized and the risk of incus luxation is reduced.