bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Integration of 3D Printing and Case-Based Learning in Clinical Practice for Joint Surgery Education
Authors: Feng Shuo , Sun Ying-Jin , Zhang Yong-Shuo , Yuan Feng 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: Case-Based Learning (CBL) based on three dimensiona (3D) printed hip joint models is a problem-solving teaching method that combines the tactile and visual advantages of 3D printed models with CBL. This paper aimed to study the impact of using a 3D printed hip model with CBL for teaching complex artificial hip replacement.
Methods: We conducted a prospective study from 2022 to 2023. This study included 120 clinical medical students enrolled in the fourth grade at Xuzhou Medical University. The students were randomly allocated into two groups, each comprising 60 participants. The traditional group received conventional instruction, while the 3D+CBL group utilized 3D-printed hip joint models in conjunction with CBL-based teaching. After the teaching, we analyzed and compared the theoretical and practical accomplishments of both student groups. We designed a questionnaire to assess the educational impact on orthopedic surgery learning.
Results: Compared with the CBL group, the theoretical scores (66.35±8.85) and practical scores (63.42±11.14) of the 3D+CBL group were higher than those of the CBL group (62.88±7.98) and practical scores (57.40±8.80) (P<0.05). The results of the questionnaire showed that the trainees in the 3D+CBL group had mastery of hip joint fundamentals, ability to diagnose cases and plan treatment, interesting teaching content, willingness to communicate with teachers and satisfaction with regular training was all higher than those in the CBL group (P<0.05).
Conclusions: The Integration of 3D Printing and Case-Based Learning has yielded positive outcomes in joint surgery education. This approach also offers valuable insights for the utilization of 3D printed orthopedic molds in clinical teaching.
Adapting the Serious Illness Conversation Guide for Unhoused Older Adults: A Rapid Qualitative Study
Authors: Latimer Abigail , Pope Natalie D , Lin Chin-Yen , Kang JungHee , Sasdi Olivia , Wu Jia-Rong , Moser Debra K , Lennie Terry 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Older adults experiencing homelessness (OAEH) age quickly and die earlier than their housed counterparts. Illness-related decisions are best guided by patients’ values, but healthcare and homelessness service providers need support in facilitating these discussions. The Serious Illness Conversation Guide (SICG) is a communication tool to guide discussions but has not yet been adapted for OAEH.
Methods
We aimed to adapt the SICG for use with OAEH by nurses, social workers, and other homeless service providers. We conducted semi-structured interviews with homeless service providers and cognitive interviews with OAEH using the SICG. Service providers included nurses, social workers, or others working in homeless settings. OAEH were at least 50 years old and diagnosed with a serious illness. Interviews were conducted and audio recorded in shelters, transitional housing, a hospital, public spaces, and over Zoom. The research team reviewed transcripts, identifying common themes across transcripts and applying analytic notetaking. We summarized transcripts from each participant group, applying rapid qualitative analysis. For OAEH, data that referenced proposed adaptations or feedback about the SICG tool were grouped into two domains: “SICG interpretation” and “SICG feedback”. For providers, we used domains from the Toolkit of Adaptation Approaches: “collaborative working”, “team”, “endorsement”, “materials”, “messages”, and “delivery”. Summaries were grouped into matrices to help visualize themes to inform adaptations. The adapted guide was then reviewed by expert palliative care clinicians for further refinement.
Results
The final sample included 11 OAEH (45% Black, 61±7 years old) and 10 providers (80% White, 8.9± years practice). Adaptation themes included changing words and phrases to 1) increase transparency about the purpose of the conversation, 2) promote OAEH autonomy and empowerment, 3) align with nurses’ and social workers’ scope of practice regarding facilitating diagnostic and prognostic awareness, and 4) be sensitive to the realities of fragmented healthcare. Responses also revealed training and implementation considerations.
Conclusions
The adapted SICG is a promising clinical tool to aid in the delivery of serious illness conversations with OAEH. Future research should use this updated guide for implementation planning. Additional adaptations may be dependent on specific settings where the SICG will be delivered.
Elevated soluble CD226 in Takayasu arteritis is useful for differentiation from giant cell arteritis, disease activity assessment, and prognosis prediction
Authors: Nakano Miki , Ayano Masahiro , Fukui Shoichi , Iwanaga Nozomi , Tatsutani Tomofumi , Takaki-Kuwahara Ayako , Kimoto Yasutaka , Akahoshi Mitsuteru , Migita Kiyoshi , Kawakami Atsushi , Tada Yoshifumi , Niiro Hiroaki 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Takayasu arteritis (TAK) is characterized by vascular injury, in which endothelial cells and immune cells, including natural killer (NK) cells, have key roles. CD226 is an activating receptor expressed on NK cells and T cells, and the soluble CD226 (sCD226) is increased in diseases involving these cells. Therefore, we investigated the utility of serum sCD226 as a biomarker for TAK. Serum sCD226 levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 34 TAK patients and 21 giant cell arteritis (GCA) patients. The associations between sCD226 levels and the angiographic classification, disease activity, and prognosis of TAK were analysed. Serum sCD226 levels were significantly higher in TAK patients than in GCA patients. In TAK patients, serum sCD226 levels were significantly elevated in the group of type Ⅴ compared with the group of other types excluding type Ⅴ. Serum sCD226 levels were also elevated in patients with active TAK and in those with poor responses to corticosteroids. Moreover, the cumulative probability of relapse was increased in patients with high sCD226 levels. Thus, serum sCD226 levels differentiated TAK from GCA and were associated with disease activity and relapse of TAK. Serum sCD226 may be a useful biomarker for the management of TAK.
Comparing the gestational diabetes mellitus prevalence and oral glucose tolerance test characteristics before and after the COVID-19 outbreak in Hongshan District of Wuhan, China, 2018- 2021
Authors: Bi Hao , Nie Bo 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background: The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has significantly impacted the management and prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) among pregnant women worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the effects of the pandemic on GDM prevalence and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) characteristics in Hongshan District, Wuhan, China.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from 91,932 pregnant women screened for GDM before (January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2019) and after (January 1, 2020, to December 31, 2021) the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. The study focused on changes in GDM prevalence, OGTT positive rates and glucose value distribution, and the diagnostic performance of OGTT.
Results: The prevalence of GDM increased significantly from 14.5% (95% CI, 14.2-14.8%) pre-pandemic to 21.9% (95% CI, 21.5-22.4%) post-pandemic. A notable rise in OGTT positive rates was observed across all time points, with the most significant increase at the 0-hour mark. Regression analysis indicated a significant risk increase for GDM during the pandemic, even after adjusting for age. Diagnostic accuracy of the 0-hour OGTT improved in the pandemic era, with the area under the curve (AUC) rising from 0.78 to 0.79 and sensitivity from 0.56 to 0.58. Median OGTT values at all time points significantly increased post-pandemic, even after adjusting for age, indicating a shift in glucose metabolism among the study population.
Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a significant increase in the prevalence of GDM among pregnant women in Hongshan District, Wuhan. This is evidenced by the elevated rates of positive OGTT and altered median glucose values, indicating a shift in glucose metabolism. These findings underscore the profound impact of the pandemic on maternal and neonatal health. They emphasize the imperative for continuous monitoring and the development of updated, localized diagnostic criteria for OGTT to enhance the identification and treatment of GDM during and after global health crises.
Wheat WRKY24-1D, interacts with TaERFL1a, regualtes DHAR-mediated ASA-GSH biosynthesis to enhance drought tolerance in wheat
Authors: Li Ge-Zi , Liu Jin , Wang Ying-Ying , Han An-Qi , Liu Hai-Tao , Guo Tian-Cai , Han Qiao-Xia , Kang Guozhang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Drought is a major environmental factor to limit wheat yield and quality. WRKY transcription factors play crucial roles in abiotic stresses, including drought stress. However, the regulatory mechanisms of WRKYs in wheat drought stress tolerance are largely unknown. In this study, we found a WRKY transcription factors TaWRKY24, which identified and screened between drought stress yeast library and drought-induced gene TaERFL1a, and the other yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) found that TaERFL1a was interacted with TaWRKY24-1D, which was more induced than TaWRKY24-1A under drought stress. Moreover, the potential function of TaWRKY24 was examined by using BSMV-VIGS method. Results found that transiently silenced of TaWRKY24 in wheat resulted in enhanced sensitivity to drought stress by increasing the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), decreasing the activities of ascorbate peroxidase (APX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), or catalase (CAT), and contents of ascorbate (ASA) and glutathione (GSH), and inhibiting the biomass and relative water content. qPCR showed that the expression levels of ASA-GSH-related genes were also significantly inhibited in TaWRKY24-silenced wheat plants. Among these genes, dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) had a lowest expression than other ASA-GSH-related genes, indicating that it expression may be mainly regulate by TaWRKY24. In addition, yeast one-hybrid (Y1H), luciferase complementation imaging (LCI), and luciferase (LUC) assays showed that TaWRKY24 had higher activity to bound the promoter of DHAR than TaERFL1a, suggesting that TaWRKY24 positively regulated the expression levels of DHAR and interacted with TaERFL1a to involve in wheat drought tolerance. Therefore, these results providing a theoretical basis for the molecular regulatory mechanisms of TaWRKY24 in wheat drought resistance, and contributing to the potential candidate genes for breeding the drought resistance wheat varieties.
Mapping Cutaneous Tissue Distribution of Sesquiterpene Lactone Goyazensolide Using MALDI Imaging
Authors: Lopes Norberto Peporine , Kato Natalia N. , Buqui Gabriela A. , Mendonça Jacqueline N. , Lopes João Luis Callegari , Lopez Renata F. V. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Species of Lychnophora, popularly known in Brazil as "Arnica-da-serra", are widely used in topical preparations as analgesics and anti-inflammatories. The most commonly used species is Lychnophora ericoides, and studies of seasonal and circadian rhythms show greater stability for phenolic constituents than for sesquiterpene lactones (an opposite behavior was observed). These lactones are considered defensive substances; thus, they were found in significant quantities in border regions between two biomes, at least for L. ericoides. Herbalists often report that seasonality influences on the increase of lactone levels in leaves and may have increase the allergenic potential. In the present study, we sought to develop a methodology for imaging tissues treated with solutions of the sesquiterpene lactone goyazensolide to observe skin retention using the Franz cell model. To this end, MALDI-MS parameters were optimized for imaging generation, and an LC-MS/MS protocol was used to confirm goyazensolide skin retention. The obtained data revealed that sesquiterpene lactones strongly bind to the skin structure.
Patterns of Psychoactive Substance Use Among Hospitalized Psychiatric Patients in Western Mexico
Authors: Carmona-Huerta Jaime , Obeso Santiago Castiello-de , Aguirre-Ramírez Andrea , Pérez-Muñoz Sara , Cardona-Müller David , Grover-Páez Fernando , Iñiguez-Carvajal Bertha , Aldana-López Jesús Alejandro , Itzaman-Jiménez Israel , Medina-Dávalos Rafael 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
The use of psychoactive substances in patients with mental illness is a major public health issue worldwide. Patients with psychiatric disorders have a higher incidence of substance use disorders compared to the general population. This study aimed to identify the most prevalent patterns of psychoactive substance abuse, estimate the severity of use, and determine the associated factors in hospitalized psychiatric patients in western Mexico.
Methods
This retrospective observational study reviewed the medical records of 268 patients admitted to a psychiatric hospital in 2018. Data was collected using the Psychoactive Substance Consumption Pattern (PCSPsi) form, which included the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) to assess substance use severity. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with alcohol, cannabis, and methamphetamine use.
Results
The most commonly abused substances in the last 3 months were tobacco (46.6%), alcohol (45.9%), cannabis (34.3%), and methamphetamines (32.8%). Severe substance use, defined as an ASSIST score ≥ 27, was highest for methamphetamines (48.9%) and cannabis (43.5%). Multivariate models showed that younger age, lower education level, psychotic disorder induced by substance use diagnosis, and concomitant use of other substances increased the risk of cannabis and methamphetamine abuse.
Conclusions
Psychoactive substance abuse, particularly cannabis and methamphetamines, is highly prevalent among hospitalized psychiatric patients in western Mexico. Specific sociodemographic and clinical factors are associated with increased risk of substance abuse in this population. Targeted interventions are needed to address this significant public health issue.
Peripheral Refraction and Aberrations in Myopic Eyes After Small-Incision Lenticule Extraction (SMILE) Surgery
Authors: Zhang Lin , Wang Yan , Zhao Xinheng , Cui Tong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To investigate peripheral refraction and aberrations in myopic eyes after small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) surgery and to understand the relationship between visual symptoms and wide-field wavefront aberrations.
Methods
A total of 28 patients with myopia and myopic astigmatism underwent SMILE surgery. Peripheral refraction and aberrations were measured both before and after surgery using a modified Hartmann-Shack (HS) sensor-based aberrometer. The peripheral refraction and aberrations from the axis (0°) to (15°) in both the horizontal and vertical directions were measured. A visual questionnaire was administered to assess visual quality before and after surgery.
Results
Post-surgery, peripheral relative refraction exhibited reduced hyperopia. The spherical aberration \({Z}_{4}^{0}\) changed from 0.12 µm before surgery to 0.24 µm after surgery on the optical axis. However, the spatial pattern of spherical aberration remained constant, independent of the line of sight. Greater variability was observed in the direction of the horizontal retina than in the vertical axis. Coma significantly increased after surgery and appeared to be more variable in the direction of the horizontal retina compared to the vertical axis. The majority of patients were satisfied with the postoperative daytime vision; there was no significant deterioration in nighttime visual symptoms compared to preoperative levels.
Conclusion
Our study demonstrated that SMILE significantly reduced peripheral refraction in myopic eyes, with increased asymmetry along the vertical axis due to incision size variations. Notably, the relationship between nighttime visual symptoms and large-field aberrations was not found to be significant.
Numerical Investigation on Thermo-Hydraulic Performance of a Micro-channel Liquid Cooled Battery Thermal Management System
Authors: Bidwaik Akash S. , Nikam Shailesh R. , Bhusnoor Siddappa S. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

An effective Battery Thermal Management Systems (BTMS) is essential for maintaining optimal temperature conditions within lithium-ion (LiFePO4) battery packs, thereby ensuring the battery's optimum performance, enhanced cycle life, and safety. Among various cooling methods, liquid cooling stands out as the preferred choice for BTMS. This study introduces a novel liquid-cooled system integrated with micro-channels within the battery casing. The impact of operating parameters (Reynolds Number (Re) and mass flow rate) on the 10 cylindrical LiFePO4 battery pack (21700 type) has been studied numerically and theoretically. The investigations revealed that as the Re increases from 400 to 700 the battery pack’s maximum temperature (Tmax) decreases from 42.06°C to 40.61°C, and the temperature difference (ΔTmax) decreases from 2.45°C to 1.94°C. Also, the coolant outlet temperature decreases from 38°C to 35°C, while the pressure drop (ΔP) increases from 3410 Pa to 3990 Pa. The use of micro-channels in the BTMS resulted in significant coolant conservation, saving the coolant ∼76% and the convective heat transfer coefficient (CHTC) showed an approximately 125% increase in comparison to previously published studies on both mini-channels and macro-channels.
The variant of CHCHD2 p.P2L in a familial case of Parkinson’s disease with poor response to levodopa therapy: A case report
Authors: Huang Ziyang , Wang Lingzhi , Chen Chuhan , Weng Xulin , Hu Zhengxiang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background Mutations in the coiled-coil-helix-coiled-coil-helix domain containing 2 (CHCHD2) gene have been reported successively in sporadic and familial PD patients, presenting typical manifestations of primary Parkinson's disease (PD) and sensitive to levodopa therapy. This provides more clues to the genetic component of PD. Case presentations We reported a case of familial PD with the p.P2L (c.5C > T) mutation with different manifestations, such as poor response to levodopa therapy, the presence of resting tremor and action tremor. Conclusions The case has a variant (cDNA c.5C > T, p.P2L) of CHCHD2 gene, and compared with previous studies, the clinical manifestations were distinctive, with poor response to levodopa treatment, and co-existing of resting tremor and action tremor.
Behind the scenes of research ethics committee oversight: a qualitative research study with committee chairs in the Middle East and North Africa region
Authors: Ashkar Catherine El , Nakkash Rima , Matar Amal , Makhoul Jihad 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: Research cites shortcomings and challenges facing research ethics committees in many regions across the world including Arab countries. This paper presents findings from qualitative in-depth interviews with REC chairs to explore their views on the challenges they face in their work with the oversight of research involving human populations.
Methods: Virtual in-depth interviews were conducted with chairs (n=11) from both biomedical and/or social-behavioral research ethics committees in six countries, transcribed, coded and subject to thematic analyses for recurring themes.
Results: Two sets of recurring themes impede the work of the committees and pose concerns for the quality of the research applications: (1) procedures and committee level challenges such as heavy workload, variations in member qualification, impeding bureaucratic procedures, member overwork, and intersecting socio-cultural values in the review process; (2) inconsistencies in the researchers’ competence in applied research ethics revealed by the applications reviewed which is also informative about their methodological and research ethics competence.
Conclusions: Narratives of REC chairs are important to shed light on experiences and issues that are not captured in surveys, adding to the body of knowledge with implications for the region, low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) in other parts of the world, and implications for international research collaborations.
Assessing adverse childhood experiences among people with mental health problems during community outreach support: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Usui Kaori , Iwanaga Mai , Itokuri Asami , Nakanishi Kiyoaki , Nishiuchi Erisa , Shimodaira Michiyo , So Yugan , Sato Sayaka , Yamaguchi Sosei , Fujii Chiyo 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have lifelong effects on mental health. However, actual situations among users of community comprehensive outreach support with various mental health problems are unclear. The study comprehensively explored community outreach support users’ ACEs, associated factors, and when these experiences are disclosed during the service process.
Methods
In this retrospective study conducted using service records dating October 1, 2015 to April 30, 2023 from the outreach service in Tokorozawa city, Japan, we collected demographic and clinical characteristics, along with the number and variety of ACEs shared by participants during the six assessment points.
Results
Of the 143 participants whose data were analyzed, 54.5% had at least one ACE, and ACEs were associated with lower age and receiving public welfare for economic deprivation. Further, the number of assessed ACEs increased until two years after service initiation and then leveled off.
Conclusions
This study highlights that more than half of community outreach support users have had ACEs; this is particularly true among younger individuals and those facing economic challenges. The findings emphasize the potential need for trauma care in community settings. Service users may need as long as two years to share ACEs with staff, and that assessment of traumatic experiences may be a long-term process that involves engagement building.
IPF-related new macrophage subpopulations and diagnostic biomarker identification - combine machine learning with single-cell analysis
Authors: Zhang Hao , Yang Yuwei , Cao Yan , Guan Jingzhi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic disease with an unknown etiology and lacks specific treatment. Macrophages, as a major component of the lung immune system, play a crucial regulatory role in IPF, especially during the processes of inflammation and fibrosis. However, our understanding of the cellular heterogeneity, molecular characteristics, and clinical relevance of macrophages in IPF remains relatively limited. Through in-depth analysis of single-cell transcriptomic data from 8 IPF patients, we revealed distinct macrophage subtypes in IPF lung tissue. In this study, we identified a macrophage subset unique to IPF lung tissue, named ATP5-MΦ, whose expression of the ATP5 gene family is closely associated with oxidative phosphorylation and proton transmembrane transport, suggesting that ATP5-MΦ may have higher ATP synthesis capacity in IPF lung tissue. Furthermore, using hdWGCNA, we identified a co-expressed gene module associated with another macrophage subset in IPF (IPF-MΦ). Through machine learning methods, we identified IPF-MΦ feature genes (IRMG) with the potential to serve as prognostic markers for IPF and established a predictive model to assess the prognosis of IPF patients. Based on differential expression of IRMG, we successfully stratified IPF patients into two subtypes exhibiting distinct clinical outcomes and immune microenvironments. This study provides important molecular and clinical foundations for a deeper understanding of the pathogenesis of IPF and the development of relevant therapeutic strategies.