bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF INSULIN INDUCED HYPOGLYCAEMIA ON THE BLOOD LEVELS OF CATECHOLAMINES, GLUCAGON, GROWTH HORMONE, CORTISOL, C-PEPTIDE AND PROINSULIN BEFORE AND DURING MEDICATION WITH THE CARDIOSELECTIVE BETA-RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT METOPROLOL IN MAN
Authors: Hökfelt Bernt , Hansson Bengt-Göran , Heding Lise G. , Nilsson Karl Olof 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Studies were performed in 8 males with moderate hypertension to explore the influence of metoprolol on the sensitivity to insulin and on the response to hypoglycaemia with respect to plasma catecholamines, glucagon, growth hormone and cortisol. C-peptide and proinsulin were determined in some instances. All subjects were studied before treatment, after one month on placebo and after 3 months on metoprolol. The final maximal dose used was 50–150 mg three times daily.
The sensitivity to insulin was the same during all three conditions studied. The response in catecholamines, glucagon, growth hormone and cortisol following insulin induced hypoglycaemia was similar during placebo as compared to no treatment.
Adrenaline, growth hormone and cortisol showed a greater response to hypoglycaemia during metoprolol whereas no difference was seen with respect to noradrenaline and glucagon.
The half-life of exogenous insulin was the same before and during metoprolol (7.6 min).
Metoprolol caused no changes in the basal C-peptide levels. During the hypoglycaemic phase C-peptide showed a continuous gradual fall, which was similar before and during metoprolol. Proinsulin was below the lower limit of detection before and following the injection of insulin both without treatment and during metoprolol.
INHIBITION OF TESTOSTERONE 5α-REDUCTASE BY AND ANTIANDROGENICITY OF ALLENIC 3-KETO-5,10-SECOSTEROIDS
Authors: Voigt Walter , Castro Albert , Covey Douglas F. , Robinson C. H. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
(4R)-5,10-seco-19-norpregna-4,5-diene-3,10,20-trione(II), a 3-keto-5,10-secosteroid which is an irreversible inhibitor of Δ5-3-ketosteroid isomerase was tested for its possible antiandrogenicity in the hamster flank organ test. The organs of female animals topically treated with 4 μg of testosterone propionate (TP) for 4 weeks enlarged in size and showed pigmentation resembling adult males. When compound II was applied concomitantly with TP, androgenic stimulation was completely blocked and the flank organs remained small like those of female animals. These results suggest that compound II may be a useful anti-androgen when applied topically. It may well act mainly by inhibition of the formation of 5α-reduced metabolites of testosterone, as judged by its effect on rat prostatic 5α-reductase. Thus, incubation of a rat prostatic homogenate with [4-14C]testosterone produced 5α-dihydrotestosterone and 5α-androstane-3α,17β-diol as the main products. However, when compound II was included in the incubation mixture, the production of these 5α-reduced metabolites was markedly inhibited.
THYROID HORMONE FORMATION IN ECTOPIC THYROID GLAND
Authors: Matsumoto Toshio , Ogata Etsuro , Yamamoto Michiko , Aiyoshi Yuji , Nagataki Shigenobu 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Several steps of thyroid hormogenesis were studied on a subhyoid ectopic thyroid tissue in a case of compensated hypothyroidism with simultaneous sublingual and subhyoid ectopic thyroid.
The patient, a 19-year-old girl, had normal values for serum T4, T3U and T3, and an elevated serum TSH level. The thyroidal 131I uptake was elevated both at 3 h and 24 h after oral 131I intake. No significant discharge of radioiodine was observed after perchlorate load. On the thyroid biopsy specimen, peroxidase activity was shown to be normal by both assays of guaiacol oxidizing and iodinating activity. Thyroglobulin was 19S and was normally iodinated in vitro with peroxidase. Iodine content of thyroglobulin was within the normal range. The mean percentage distribution of 131I administered 7 days prior to the biopsy showed no significant difference from the normal pattern.
From these studies, no specific defects in thyroid hormogenesis could be detected in this case. It is suggested that abnormalities in thyroid function in this case are mainly due to insufficient functioning mass in the ectopic thyroid.
EFFECT OF ANTITHYROID TREATMENT ON CALCIUM-PHOSPHORUS METABOLISM IN HYPERTHYROIDISM
Authors: Mosekilde Leif , Melsen Flemming 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Histomorphometric analysis of iliac crest biopsies was performed after tetracycline double-labelling in 22 hyperthyroid patients before and after medical antithyroid treatment for an average period of 4 months. The initially increased cortical porosity was normalized during treatment whereas the amount of trabecular bone was unchanged. The osteoclastic resorption in cortical bone decreased but was still elevated. The osteocytic osteolysis remained slightly increased. In trabecular bone, however, the bone turn-over decreased to a subnormal level following treatment and the surfaces were inactive in bone resorption and bone formation. An increase was observed in the amount, extent and width of osteoid seams due to an increase in the lifespan of bone forming sites and a prolongation of the maturity period of osteoid. The observed increased deposition of cortical bone after antithyroid treatment may explain the positive calcium balance in this period.
QUALITATIVE AND SEMIQUANTITATIVE CALCIUM CYTOCHEMISTRY IN B CELLS OF MICE TREATED WITH CYPROHEPTADINE AND MANNOHEPTULOSE
Authors: Klöppel Günter , Bommer Gerhard , Ruttmann Elke , Schäfer Hans-Jörg 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The effect of cyproheptadine (CPH) and D-mannoheptulose (MH) on the function and the histo- (GBHA-method) and ultracytochemical (pyroantimonate method) calcium handling by pancreatic B cell were studied in mice. Intraperitoneal injection of CPH (45 mg/kg) or MH (1500 mg/kg) produced a hyperglycaemic syndrome, which was accompanied by decreased plasma insulin levels. CPH and MH also abolished glucose-induced insulin release. CPH led to a decrease of about 30 to 40 % in the histochemical calcium content of islets as revealed by semi-quantitative micro-densitometry, while MH did not change the calcium content of the islets. The ultracytochemical distribution pattern of calcium-rich precipitates were identical in CPH and MH treated B cells. The subcellular calcium deposits were predominantly located in the cytoplasmic matrix, but were rarely seen in granule halos and along the cell membranes. In contrast, glucose stimulation of the B cells resulted in an accumulation of the precipitates along the cell membranes and in the secretory granules. The results suggest that CPH and MH inhibit insulin release by either directly or indirectly interfering with the normal calcium handling by the B cell.
SERUM LIPIDS AND LIPOPROTEINS DURING TREATMENT WITH ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES CONTAINING NATURAL AND SYNTHETIC OESTROGENS
Authors: Bostofte E. , Hemmingsen L. , Møller K. J. Alling , Serup J. , Weber T. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Increases in serum triglycerides, cholesterol and pre-β- and β-lipoproteins have been considered as significant pathogenic factors regarding the possible thrombotic side-effect of treatment with oral contraceptives of the combined type containing synthetic oestrogen. With the purpose of investigating the influence of natural oestrogen (oestradiol-17β + oestriol/norethisterone acetate) versus synthetic oestrogen (ethinyloestradiol/norethisterone acetate) on serum lipids and lipoproteins in young women compared to independent and individual controls, as controlled double-blind investigation was performed in 33 women in a total material and 18 women in a selected group. The significant changes were as follows: quantitative increases in serum triglycerides (P < 0.001) and β-lipoproteins (P < 0.01) during treatment with synthetic oestrogen, while in contrast no such change was observed in subjects on natural oestrogen, which was found to decrease serum cholesterol (P < 0.05), phospholipids (P < 0.05) and α-lipoprotein (P < 0.05). Quantitative estimation of serum lipoproteins was found to be more valuable than the relative estimation by electrophoresis. It is concluded that oral contraceptives containing natural oestrogens induce less significant and, qualitatively, more benign changes in serum lipids and lipoproteins than preparations containing synthetic oestrogen do.
TREATMENT OF PITUITARY DEPENDENT CUSHING'S SYNDROME WITH CLOSED STEREOTACTIC RADIOSURGERY BY MEANS OF 60Co GAMMA RADIATION
Authors: Thorén M. , Rähn T. , Hall K. , Backlund E. O. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Four patients with pituitary dependent Cushing's syndrome were treated with external irradiation to the pituitary using 60Co gamma irradiation given with a stereotactic technique. The size of the sella turcica was normal or slightly enlarged in all patients. The doses given varied between 7000 and 10 000 rad, and the observation time ranged between 14 and 20 months. Three of the patients showed complete clinical remission and one marked improvement. One patient developed ACTH insufficiency, while none developed insufficient secretion of other pituitary hormones. No complications of the irradiation were observed.
INVERSE EFFECTS OF CORTICOSTERONE AND THYROXINE ON GLUCOCORTICOID BINDING SITES IN THE ANTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND
Authors: Koch B. , Lutz-Bucher B. , Briaud B. , Mialhe C. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to determine whether pituitary glucocorticoid binding sites are under hormonal control. It was shown that corticosterone and thyroxine exerted antagonistic effects on both the transcortin-like component and true receptor present in the hypophysis: thyroid hormones, in contrast to glucocorticoids which exhibited opposite influence, increased maximum binding without affecting significantly the apparent association constant. Thus, it seems that the concentration of glucocorticoid binding sites is regulated by the glucocorticoid ligands, as well as by a different hormone. Moreover, a striking parallelism was found between plasma transcortin and pituitary transcortin-like capacity, argueing in favour of a plasma origin for this pituitary binder.
THYROID FUNCTION TESTS IN ADULTS WITH DOWN'S SYNDROME
Authors: Korsager S. , Chatham E. M. , Kristensen H. P. Østergaard 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Thyroid status was studied in 24 patients above the age of 40 years with Down's syndrome. Three patients had thyroid function tests indicating hypothyroidism. Eight patients had thyroid autoantibodies in serum and 8 patients had a higher than normal level of thyroid stimulating hormone in serum. None of the patients had figures indicating thyrotoxicosis. None of the patients showed any of the clinical signs usually seen in patients with hypothyroidism. It is concluded that biochemical tests indicating hypothyroidism are much more often seen in patients with Down's syndrome than in normal subjects and that thyroid status should be assessed in old patients with this disease.
INTRATHYROIDAL IODINE METABOLISM IN HASHIMOTO'S DISEASE
Authors: Nakashima T. , Inoue K. , Omae T. , Hisatsugu T. , Yoshizumi T. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The thyroid of Hashimoto's disease is unique in its susceptibility to exogenous iodide and the positive perchlorate test. It would be of interest to know if there is any alteration of iodine metabolism in the thyroid.
The results obtained in 9 cases with untreated Hashimoto's disease were compared with those in 9 normal thyroids; 5 cases were investigated for iodine metabolism and 4 cases for the peroxidase study.
The thyroglobulin content in thyroid wet weight showed lower values 1.6 ± 1.2 % compared to 8.0 ± 1.5 % in normal. Thyroglobulin represented 18.9 ± 9.3 % of total soluble protein and was significantly lower than normal, 66.9 ± 5.4 %. Iodine content of thyroglobulin was extremely low, 0.10 ± 0.05 % compared to 0.49 ± 0.03% in normal. The thyroglobulin with low degree of iodination showed a low sedimentation coefficient of 18.1 ± 0.1. Distribution of iodo-amino acid-iodine was 8.1 ± 2.8% for thyroxine (T4) and 14.4 ± 9.7 % for triiodothyronine (T3), resulting in a much higher T3/T4 ratio than in normal thyroids. Monoiodotyrosine/diiodotyrosine (MIT/DIT) ratio was higher and T4/DIT ratio was apparently lower than normal. These results resemble the pattern of that found in iodine deficiency. T3/T4 ratio was increased in the blood of patients with Hashimoto's disease. Consequently the alteration of distribution of iodo-amino acids in the thyroid may contribute to the increase in T3/T4 ratio in the blood of this disease.
Peroxidase activity showed 103 ± 51 U/mg particulate protein and was significantly lower than values in normal thyroids, 299 ± 85 U/mg protein.
On the other hand, the total amount of thyroglobulin was not significantly decreased in this disease. The total amount of organified iodine, however, was apparently lower than normal.
These results suggest that the low degree of iodination of thyroglobulin is an essential alteration in the thyroid of Hashimoto's disease.
THE USE OF PROTEOLYTIC ENZYME INHIBITOR (TRASYLOL) IN RADIORECEPTOR ASSAY OF TSH - ITS APPLICATION TO MEASURING THYROID STIMULATING IMMUNOGLOBULINS (TSI) IN THYROID DISEASES
Authors: Kishihara Michizo , Nakao Yoshinobu , Baba Yasuto , Ohgo Shozo , Matsukura Shigeru , Kuma Kanji , Imura Hiroo 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
In order to estimate thyroid stimulating immunoglobulins (TSI) in serum, a stable, reproducible and sensitive radioreceptor assay (RRA) capable of detecting 100 μU of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) has been developed using a proteolytic enzyme inhibitor (Trasylol), partially purified human TSH and particulate fractions of human thyroid homogenate. The binding of 125I-labelled TSH to the crude thyroid membranes was significantly increased from 2–3 % to 15–20 % in the presence of Trasylol (2000 KIU per tube). Further investigations suggested that Trasylol might inhibit the aggregation of 125I-labelled TSH during incubation with these membranes. With this assay system, the serum immunoglobulins from a great majority of untreated patients with Graves' disease were shown to inhibit the binding of 125I-labelled TSH to those membranes more markedly than those from control subjects. Therefore, this RRA for TSH was considered to provide a sensitive and stable method for detecting TSI.
RE-EXAMINATION OF HUMAN CALCITONIN RADIOIMMUNOASSAY
Authors: Argémi Bruno , Hours Marie Claude , Even Frédérique , Garguilo Gabrielle , Hollard Jean Marie 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Evaluations of human immunoreactive calcitonin (IRCT) assay have been extensively reviewed. Labelled hormone was re-purified on carboxymethyl-cellulose in order to isolate a fraction containing mainly monoiodinated calcitonin, which was found to be very stable. Two antisera with different immunochemical characteristics were used for incubation studies, one of which was incubated with unextracted and extracted plasma samples. The sensitivity of the assays was 60 pg/ml plasma.
However, marked differences were observed in the results obtained by the three methods depending on the importance of the inhibitory effect of plasma on the binding of the tracer to antibodies. However, the absolute plasma IRCT level could not be related to the presence of calcitonin M, except in one case. Further studies are needed in order to ascertain the origin and the significance of the immunoreactive material which was detected in normal plasma by one antiserum.
RADIOIMMUNOASSAY OF TETRAHYDROCORTICOSTERONE (THB) IN HUMAN URINE
Authors: Kohl K.-H. , Gless K.-H. , Abdelhamid S. , Penke B. , Vecsei P. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Antisera against tetrahydrocorticosterone (THB) (one of the metabolites of the glucocorticoid corticosterone) were raised in white New Zealand rabbits. A 3α,5β-THB-20-oxime-bovine serum albumin complex was used as antigen. The resulting titers were 1/300–1/19 000. The cross-reactions of the best antiserum were: THDOC 2.25%, THB-21-glucuronide 39%, and THF-21-glucuronide 4.8%. Other steroids and steroid metabolites have given negligible cross-reactions, e. g. allo-(3α,5α-)-THB 0.53 %, tetrahydro-11-dehydro-corticosterone (THA) 0.92%, allo-THA 0%, and THB-3-glucuronide 0 %.
Two methods were introduced: a) for screening an estimation of THB-glucuronide, mostly THB-21-glucuronide ("THB-gluc."), in unprocessed urine after simple dilution b) specific estimation of THB using one paper chromatographic system.
The values estimated by method a) showed a highly significant correlation (r = 0.9654, P < 0.01) with the values obtained by technique b).
Normal values (method b) measured in subjects hospitalized under standardized conditions were: 21.8–177.6; mean 89.1 μg/24 h.
THB levels and "THB-gluc." levels react to ACTH stimulation and dexamethasone suppression and thus we propose that the methods are useful for the diagnosis of hyper- and hypocorticosterone production states.
DETECTION OF CHORIONIC GONADOTROPHIN LIKE ACTIVITY IN INFERTILE CYCLES WITH A SHORT LUTEAL PHASE
Authors: Seppälä M. , Lehtovirta P. , Rutanen E.-M. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Three of 24 infertile women with a short luteal phase transiently showed chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) like immunoreactivity in serum as measured by the HCG-beta subunit radioimmunoassay. The plasma progesterone concentration was elevated above the lower normal post-ovulatory level in 2 of these women who also had elevated basal body temperature at the time HCG was detected. Positive HCG reaction coincided with the pre-ovulatory surge of luteinizing hormone (LH) in one patient, but in 2 other cases the LH concentration was low suggesting absence of LH interference. Our results suggest that some infertile women may conceive during their cycles with a short luteal phase and maintain pregnancy until HCG becomes detectable.
CORRELATIVE STUDY OF RADIORECEPTOR ASSAY AND RADIOIMMUNOASSAY OF SERUM GROWTH HORMONE IN CHILDREN
Authors: Garnier Philippe E. , Repellin A. M. , Job Jean-Claude 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Growth hormone (GH) was measured by radioreceptorassay (RRA) and radioimmunoassay (RIA) in the sera of 24 children with idiopathic primary growth retardation (PGR), 15 with genetic short stature (GSS) and 11 with intra-uterine growth retardation (IUGR), and compared to results obtained in normal children. The average RRA/RIA ratio was close to normal in PGR (1.02 ± 0.05) and in IUGR (1.06 ± 0.07), and slightly though not significantly lower in GSS (0.86 ± 0.06). Some variability in RRA/RIA ratio was found in individual patients of each group, and some sera gave a non-parallel displacement of the tracer when compared to the standard curve. But no genetic difference of RRA-assayable GH was found between the three groups studied and normal children.
INCREASED VASOPRESSIN EXCRETION IN PATIENTS WITH HYPOTHYROIDISM
Authors: Waters A. K. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Twenty-four h urinary vasopressin excretion was measured by bioassay in 15 patients with untreated hypothyroidism and compared with plasma sodium concentration.
Four patients had raised excretion of an antidiuretic substance and in 3 of these patients excretion was reduced after thyroid replacement therapy. The criteria applied supported the view that the antidiuretic substance was arginine vasopressin. Plasma sodium concentration was normal in all these 4 patients. A further 4 patients had hyponatraemia without raised arginine vasopressin excretion.
The results suggest that:
(1) excess arginine vasopressin secretion is not the cause of the hyponatraemia of hypothyroidism and
(2) an increased secretion of arginine vasopressin does occur in some cases of normonatraemic hypothyroidism, the cause requiring further elucidation.
HLA ANTIGENS IN A FAMILY WITH MATURITY-ONSET TYPE DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Faber O. K. , Thomsen M. , Binder C. , Platz P. , Svejgaard A. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
In a family with maturity-onset type of diabetes mellitus inherited as a dominant, autosomal trait (MODY), the HLA genotypes were compared with the glucose tolerance and the plasma insulin response to oral glucose. In the members with impaired glucose tolerance, the plasma insulin response was of the insulino-tardic type, while those with normal or border-line glucose tolerance had a normal plasma insulin response.
HLA tissue typing for A, B, C and D series antigens carried out in 19 of the members showed no association between specific HLA antigens and impaired glucose tolerance. Moreover, when analysing the segregation of the disease and the HLA characters, several recombinants between MODY and HLA would have to be postulated if the gene(s) for this form of diabetes mellitus should be closely linked to the HLA locus.
PARTICIPATION OF ANTRAL SOMATOSTATIN IN THE LOCAL REGULATION OF GASTRIN RELEASE
Authors: Gustavsson Sven , Lundqvist Gudmar 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
In anaesthetized pigs gastrin release was stimulated by irrigation of the antrum with bicarbonate and by instillation of a meat extract. The concentration of gastrin and somatostatin was measured by radioimmunoassay both in the antral and peripheral venous blood. The increase in gastrin was coupled to a significant decrease in somatostatin immunoreactivity as measured in the antral venous blood both during instillation of alkali and meat extract. In peripheral blood, the differences were much less evident and not statistically significant. It is speculated that the decrease in release of antral somatostatin during alkalinization and instillation of meat extract is the primary event which is followed by a diminished inhibition of gastrin liberation. Thus, the present data support the hypothesis that antral somatostatin participates in the local regulation of gastrin release.
ADRENAL CYSTS: HORMONAL CONTENTS AND FUNCTIONAL EVALUATION
Authors: Jacobi Jorge D. , Carballeira Andres , Fishman Lawrence M. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Cortisol, corticosterone, epinephrine and norepinephrine have been identified for the first time in two adrenal cysts removed from patients without endocrine dysfunction. Total concentrations of corticosteroids and catecholamines in both capsule and fluid of these cysts were higher than in plasma of normal subjects but lower than in human adrenal tissue. The cysts contained preformed cholesterol in concentrations similar to normal adrenal parenchyma. Contrary to adrenal tissue, however, homogenates of cyst components failed to utilize [4-14C] cholesterol for steroid formation. The data presented suggest that hormones in adrenal cysts probably arise by passive diffusion from the surrounding gland and that the endocrine status of patients bearing adrenal cysts is determined by the adjacent non-cystic tissue.
FOLLICLE GROWTH IN THE IMMATURE RAT OVARY
Authors: Hage A. J. , Groen-Klevant A. C. , Welschen R. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
In ovaries of immature rats the following parameters were estimated from autoradiographs prepared after pulse labelling with tritiated thymidine:
1) The time it takes follicles to grow from one stage of development to another. This could be derived from the total number of granulosa cells in these stages and from their doubling times. The doubling time of granulosa cells was determined from their labelling index and the duration of their DNA-synthesis phase.
2) The number of follicles present in the ovary at different ages.
3) The number of follicles, which start on their development at different ages.
It was found, that more follicles start to grow in 8 and 16 days old rats (2.0/h) than in 28 days old ones (1.0/h). Moreover, the follicles grow somewhat faster earlier in life than later. The development from a follicle with one layer of granulosa cells to one with several layers and antrum formation takes about 15 days in the first half of the period of immaturity while it takes about 17 days as the animal approaches maturity.