bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design, synthesis, structure elucidation, antimicrobial, molecular docking, and SAR studies of novel urea derivatives bearing tricyclic aromatic hydrocarbon rings
Authors: Sroor Farid M. , El‐Sayed Ahmed F. , Abdelraof Mohamed 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe targeted compounds were prepared using both (9H‐fluoren‐9‐ylidene)hydrazine (1) and 10H‐phenothiazine (2) as starting materials. The treatment of 1 or 2 with different isocyanates afforded the title compounds 7a–d, 8a, and 8b in excellent yield. All compounds were characterized and ascertained by infrared, nuclear magnetic resonance, and elemental analyses as well as single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. The antimicrobial efficiency of all was tested in vitro, and a noticeable inhibition activity against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Candida albicans was obtained by compounds 7a, 7b, 8a, and 8b. Moreover, the biofilm mechanism activity was strongly inhibited by compounds 7b and 8b for all bacterial pathogens, with a percentage ratio of more than 55%. The findings from the molecular docking simulation revealed that compounds 7a, 7b, 8a, and 8b exhibited favorable binding energies and interacted effectively with the active sites of sterol 14‐demethylase, dihydropteroate synthase, gyrase B, LasR (major transcriptional activator of P. aeruginosa), and carbapenemase for C. albicans, S. aureus, B. subtills, K. pneumoniae, and P. aeruginosa, respectively. These results suggest that the compounds have the potential to inhibit the activity of these enzymes and demonstrate promising antimicrobial properties. Moreover, the in silico evaluation of drug likeness and absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) profiles for compounds 7a, 7b, 8a, and 8b demonstrated their compatibility with Lipinski's, Ghose's, Veber's, Muegge's, and Egan's rules. These findings suggest that these compounds possess favorable physicochemical properties, making them promising candidates for continued drug development efforts.
Exploring the Diverse Biological Properties of Cannabidiol: A Focus on Plant Growth Stimulation
Authors: Gruľová Daniela , Baranová Beáta , Francolino Rosaria , Elshafie Hazem S. , Kiššová Zuzana , Glovaťáková Alžbeta , De Martino Laura , Amato Giuseppe , Martino Mara , Caputo Lucia , Polito Flavio , Manna Francesco , Camele Ippolito , Tkáčiková Ľudmila , De Feo Vincenzo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe aim of the current study was to compare some biological activities of edible oils enriched with 10 % of cannabidiol (CBD samples) from the Slovak market. In addition, hemp, coconut, argan, and pumpkin pure oils were also examined. The study evaluated the fatty acids content, as well as antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, cytotoxic, and phytotoxic activities. The CBD samples presented antimicrobial activity against the tested bacterial strains at higher concentrations (10000 and 5000 mg/L) and antifungal activity against Alternaria alternata, Penicillium italicum and Aspergillus flavus. DPPH⋅ and FRAP assays showed greater activity in CBD‐supplemented samples compared to pure oils and vitamin E. In cell lines (IPEC‐J2 and Caco‐2), a reduced cell proliferation and viability were observed after 24 hours of incubation with CBD samples. The oils showed pro‐germinative effects. The tested activities were linked to the presence of CBD in the oils.
Quack‐induced dermatitis: A case report of two dermatitis artefacta induced by quacks advise
Authors: Pudasaini Prajwal , Adhikari Sadiksha , Das Kinnor , Gorai Suraljit , Pamela Ruri D. 
Published: March 2024

Key Clinical MessageThis report delineates two instances of dermatitis artefacta (DA), a psychodermatological condition marked by self‐induced or exacerbated skin lesions. These cases, triggered by treatments from non‐qualified practitioners, highlight the critical need for healthcare professionals to discern the potential repercussions of unsound medical guidance.
Assessing the Intrinsic Activity of Pt‐Group Electrocatalysts for Carbon Monoxide Oxidation: Best Practices and Benchmarking Parameters
Authors: Eid Kamel 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPt‐group elements are the state‐of‐the‐art electrocatalysts for various fuel cells. However, their CO‐poising is a critical hitch for large‐scale applications, so the researchers are exerting huge efforts to solve this issue. The exponentially increasing attention in this field pressures the researchers to publish their findings quickly, leading to unavoidable flawed evaluation parameters for the intrinsic activity of electrocatalysts. The CO oxidation (COOxid) is highly sensitive to various factors. Thus, it is urgent to afford a deeper understanding of the inherent COOxid activity of state‐of‐the‐art electrocatalysts and adopt accurate guidelines for researchers to test, optimize, and compare their electrocatalysts. This review provides exactitude in the evaluation and precise assessment of the key descriptors related to electrocatalysts (i. e., effect of both size, shape, and support) and CO oxidation (i. e., effect of electrolyte, working electrode, and CO surface diffusion). This is besides the fundamental aspects (i. e., COOxid Process, mechanism, measurements, calculations, thermodynamics, and kinetics). Various experimental results from our group and others besides in‐situ analysis were provided to support our deep discussion. Finally, we provide a brief synopsis of the relevant milestones of the up‐to‐date challenges and perspectives.
The Role of Alkalis in Orchestrating Uranyl‐Peroxide Reactivity Leading to Direct Air Capture of Carbon Dioxide
Authors: Arteaga Ana , Arino Trevor , Moore Guy C. , Bustos Jenna L. , Horton Matthew K. , Persson Kristin A. , Li Jun , Stickle William F. , Kohlgruber Tsuyoshi A. , Surbella Robert G. , Nyman May 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSpectator ions have known and emerging roles in aqueous metal‐cation chemistry, respectively directing solubility, speciation, and reactivity. Here, we isolate and structurally characterize the last two metastable members of the alkali uranyl triperoxide series, the Rb+ and Cs+ salts (Cs‐U1 and Rb‐U1). We document their rapid solution polymerization via small‐angle X‐ray scattering, which is compared to the more stable Li+, Na+ and K+ analogues. To understand the role of the alkalis, we also quantify alkali‐hydroxide promoted peroxide deprotonation and decomposition, which generally exhibits increasing reactivity with increasing alkali size. Cs‐U1, the most unstable of the uranyl triperoxide monomers, undergoes ambient direct air capture of CO2 in the solid‐state, converting to Cs4[UVIO2(CO3)3], evidenced by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. We have attempted to benchmark the evolution of Cs‐U1 to uranyl tricarbonate, which involves a transient, unstable hygroscopic solid that contains predominantly pentavalent uranium, quantified by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Powder X‐ray diffraction suggests this intermediate state contains a hydrous derivative of CsUVO3, where the parent phase has been computationally predicted, but not yet synthesized.
Incorporation of Carboxylate Pendant Arms into 18‐Membered Macrocycles: Effects on [nat/203Pb]Pb(II) Complexation
Authors: Harriswangler Charlene , McNeil Brooke L. , Brandariz Isabel , Valencia Laura , Esteban‐Gómez David , Ramogida Caterina F. , Platas‐Iglesias Carlos 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe present a detailed investigation on the coordination chemistry of [nat/203Pb]Pb(II) with chelators H4PYTA and H4CHX‐PYTA. These chelators belong to the family of ligands derived from the 18‐membered macrocyclic backbone PYAN and present varying degrees of rigidity due to the presence of either ethyl or cyclohexyl spacers. A complete study of the stable Pb(II) complexes is carried out via NMR, X‐Ray crystallography, stability constant determination and computational studies. While these studies indicated that Pb(II) complexation is achieved, and the thermodynamic stability of the resulting complexes is very high, a certain degree of fluxionality does exist in both cases. Nevertheless, radiolabeling studies were carried out using SPECT (single photon emission computed tomography) compatible isotope lead‐203 (203Pb, t1/2=51.9 h), and while both chelators complex the radioisotope, the incorporation of carboxylate pendant arms appears to be detrimental towards the stability of the complexes when compared to the previously described amide analogues. Additionally, incorporation of a cyclohexyl spacer does not improve the kinetic inertness of the system.
An Assembly of Pyrano[3,2‐b]indol‐2‐ones via NHC‐Catalyzed [3 + 3] Annulation of Indolin‐3‐ones with Ynals†
Authors: Wang Xia , Zhang Shulei , Wang Shao‐Jie , An Hao , Xin Xiaolan , Lin Haonan , Tu Zhifeng , Lu Shenci 
Published: March 2024

Comprehensive SummaryWe report herein an unprecedented N‐heterocyclic carbene‐catalyzed formal [3 + 3] annulation of ynals with N‐Ts indolin‐3‐ones under the oxidation condition affording the functionalized pyrano[3,2‐b]indol‐2‐ones. The alkynyl acylazoliums via the combination of a carbene with ynals in the presence of oxidate proved to be the important intermediates for the success of this transformation. This method features a broad substrate scope and mild conditions, including axially chiral skeletons with suitable substitutions.
Asymmetrical multi‐level inverter by using space vector pulse width modulation technique for low and medium power applications
Authors: Sahoo Rajanikanta , Roy Molay 
Published: March 2024

SummaryA DC to AC converter is developed in this paper. This proposes a single‐phase five‐level inverter is developed in such a way that one DC source is used. The structure of the inverter is modular and the capacitor has self‐voltage balancing capability, which eliminates the need for sensors or an additional control loop. This paper presents the schematic diagram of the proposed topology, principle of operation, and the concepts of sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) for single‐phase and space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) for three‐phase. To further prove the advantage, power loss, and parameter computations are calculated mathematically. Low‐voltage stress is achieved in the proposed topology because the blocking voltages of all the switches are constrained to the input voltage. A comparison table is presented between SPWM and SVPWM schemes in three‐phase inverter. The proposed asymmetrical five‐level configuration setup is constructed, and experiments are performed inside the laboratory. The controller of the converter has been implemented in the field‐programmable gate array (FPGA) platform. In order to confirm the viability of the suggested topology, experimental results are provided for single‐phase arrangement. By using the FPGA platform, real‐time implementation is done for a three‐phase inverter topology.
Sexually transmitted mutualist nematodes shape host growth across dung beetle species
Authors: Burdine Levi W. , Moczek Armin P. , Rohner Patrick T. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMany symbionts are sexually transmitted and impact their host's development, ecology, and evolution. While the significance of symbionts that cause sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) is relatively well understood, the prevalence and potential significance of the sexual transmission of mutualists remain elusive. Here, we study the effects of sexually transmitted mutualist nematodes on their dung beetle hosts. Symbiotic Diplogastrellus monhysteroides nematodes are present on the genitalia of male and female Onthophagus beetles and are horizontally transmitted during mating and vertically passed on to offspring during oviposition. A previous study indicates that the presence of nematodes benefits larval development and life history in a single host species, Onthophagus taurus. However, Diplogastrellus nematodes can be found in association with a variety of beetle species. Here, we replicate these previous experiments, assess whether the beneficial effects extend to other host species, and test whether nematode‐mediated effects differ between male and female host beetles. Rearing three relatively distantly related dung beetle species with and without nematodes, we find that the presence of nematodes benefits body size, but not development time or survival across all three species. Likewise, we found no difference in the benefit of nematodes to male compared to female beetles. These findings highlight the role of sexually transmitted mutualists in the evolution and ecology of dung beetles.
Rewilding soil and litter invertebrates and fungi increases decomposition rates and alters detritivore communities
Authors: Contos Peter , Murphy Nicholas P. , Kayll Zachary J. , Morgan Tamara , Vido Joshua J. , Decker Orsi , Gibb Heloise 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHabitat degradation and associated reductions in ecosystem functions can be reversed by reintroducing or ‘rewilding’ keystone species. Rewilding projects have historically targeted restoration of processes such as grazing regimes or top‐down predation effects. Few projects focus on restoring decomposition efficiency, despite the pivotal role decomposition plays in global carbon sequestration and nutrient cycling. Here, we tested whether rewilding entire communities of detritivorous invertebrates and fungi can improve litter decomposition efficiency and restore detritivore communities during ecological restoration. Rewilding was conducted by transplanting leaf litter and soil, including associated invertebrate and fungal communities from species‐rich remnant sites into species‐poor, and geographically isolated, revegetated farmland sites in a temperate woodland region of southeastern Australia. We compared communities in sites under the following treatments: remnant (conservation area and source of litter transplant), rewilded revegetation (revegetated farmland site with litter transplant) and control revegetation (revegetated site, no transplant). In one ‘before’ and three ‘after’ sampling periods, we measured litter decomposition and the abundance and diversity of detritivorous invertebrates and fungi. We quantified the effect of detritivores on the rate of litter decomposition using piecewise Structural Equation Modelling. Decomposition was significantly faster in rewilding sites than in both control and remnant areas and was largely driven by a greater abundance of invertebrate detritivores. Similarly, the abundance of invertebrate detritivores in rewilding revegetation sites exceeded the level of remnant communities, whereas there was little difference between control and remnant sites. In contrast, rewilding did not increase saprotrophic fungi relative abundance/diversity and there was no strong relationship between decomposition and fungal diversity. Our findings suggest the relatively simple act of transplanting leaf litter and soil can increase functional efficiency during restoration and alter community composition. Our methods may prove important across a range of contexts where other restoration methods have failed to restore ecosystem processes to pre‐degradation levels.
QAKA: A novel quantum authentication and key agreement (QAKA) protocol using quantum entanglement for secure communication among IoT devices
Authors: Chawla Diksha , Mehra Pawan Singh 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe constant evolution of the Internet of Things (IoT) concept involves the idea that all elements in the global network communication are reachable without the need for human intervention. In this context, the paramount concern is security, aiming to safeguard IoT communication against unauthorized access. According to the analysis, the security of the IoT communication framework relies on traditional cryptographic schemes like the RSA algorithm. Nevertheless, the latest developments in quantum computing and information processing pose a significant threat to these established schemes. Motivated by this fact, in this article, we proposed a novel quantum authentication and key agreement (QAKA) protocol that provides unconditional security against any classical and futuristic quantum threats. Our protocol ensures secure key agreement and mutual authentication based on quantum hashing with quantum passwords and quantum key distribution. The proposed scheme utilizes quantum teleportation and Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger states for secure data transfer among entities. Our work is simulated using the Automated Validation of Internet Security Protocols and Applications tool to prove our protocol's formal correctness and security. The Burrows, Abadi, and Needham logic is applied to prove the goal of our protocol. Random oracle model for formal security analysis is presented in our work. Our protocol is also informally analyzed, considering the characteristics such as correctness, security against repudiation and the impossibility of cloning. The proposed protocol is compared with the related protocols in terms of various security features such as replay attacks, man‐in‐middle attacks and futuristic quantum attacks. Finally, the performance of the proposed protocol is presented, revealing superior efficacy when compared with classical authentication schemes and quantum protocols.
Strategies to promote the dietary use of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan L.) for human nutrition and health
Authors: Wu Jun , Zhou Qian , Zhou Chenhaojin , Cheng Ka‐Wing , Wang Mingfu 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPigeon pea (Cajanus cajan L.) is one of the most important legume crops grown in subtropical and tropical regions with high nutritional quality. However, the consumption of pigeon pea is very limited worldwide owing to its high level of anti‐nutrients, hard texture, and unpleasant characteristic taste. The present review summarized the nutritional profile and health benefit of pigeon pea with special attention to its bioactive phytochemicals (e.g., cajanin, cajanol, and cajaninstilbene acid). Furthermore, some aspects that can help promote the application of pigeon pea in foods were highlighted from the perspectives of physical (i.e., thermal, extrusion, and ultrasound‐assisted), chemical (i.e., chemical modification and enzymatic hydrolysis), and biological treatment (i.e., sprouting and fermentation). The primary impact of physical methods was confined to the mitigation of anti‐nutrients. Chemical approaches were less explored and mainly targeted on the modification of starch and protein in pigeon pea. In contrast, the biological methods were found to decrease the level of anti‐nutritional factors, increase the production of bioactive phytochemicals, and improve the sensory properties of pigeon pea. Therefore, biological methods, especially sprouting techniques, are considered to be more promising.
SOFR term structure dynamics—Discontinuous short rates and stochastic volatility forward rates
Authors: Brace Alan , Gellert Karol , Schlögl Erik 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe Secured Overnight Funding Rate (SOFR) has become the risk‐free rate benchmark in US dollars, thus term structure models should reflect key features exhibited by SOFR and forward rates implied by SOFR futures. We construct a multifactor, stochastic volatility term structure model which incorporates these features. Calibrating to options on SOFR futures, we achieve a reasonable fit to the market across maturities and strikes in a single model. This also provides novel insights into SOFR term rate behavior (and implied volatilities) within their accrual periods, and a model mechanism by which interest rate mean reversion arises from monetary policy.
Phänomene, Kinematik und Strategien zur Risikobewertung einer inneren Bodenerosion
Authors: Witt Karl Josef 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBei dem Beitrag handelt es sich um die erweiterte Fassung der gleichnamigen Keynote Lecture auf der 4. Bodenmechanik Tagung im Rahmen der Fachsektionstage Geotechnik, die auf Anregung der Fachsektionsleitung auch in der Zeitschrift geotechnik veröffentlicht werden soll. Bei den Phänomenen der inneren Erosion in durchströmtem Boden und in Erdbauwerken geht es um das Lösen, den Transport und die Ablagerung bevorzugter Fraktionen mit der Folge einer Änderung der Bodeneigenschaften. Die Phänomene der inneren Erosion werden als Kontakterosion, Suffosion, Kolmation und rückschreitende Erosion charakterisiert. Die Kinematik dieser physikalischen Prozesse ergibt sich mit der Energie einer Sickerströmung aus der Bewegung des Einzelkorns im Porenraum, den möglichen Freiheitsgraden beim Transport. Der Artikel gibt einen Überblick über die Art und Bedingungen der verschiedenen Phänomene sowie über deren spezifische Kinematik innerhalb der Bodenstruktur. Die relevanten international verwendeten Nachweismethoden und Kriterien werden aufgeführt und in ihrer Aussagekraft bewertet. Die kennzeichnenden Einflussparameter werden aufgezeigt. Für die einzelnen Phänomene der inneren Erosion werden Strategien zur Bewertung und Beherrschung des Erosionsrisikos diskutiert.
Autologous rectus abdominis fascia sling surgery following unsuccessful synthetic midurethral sling
Authors: Kurano Yoshitaka , Shimizu Nobutaka , Yoshimura Rie , Iga Ryohei , Atagi Kaya , Nao Tomoya , Fukuhara Hideo , Fukata Satoshi , Ashida Shingo , Inoue Keiji 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionWe performed autologous rectus abdominis fascia sling surgery using Advantage™ following an unsuccessful synthetic midurethral sling.Case presentationAt the age of 76 years, the patient experienced stress urinary incontinence recurrence. A 1‐h pad test resulted in 259 g of leakage. A pressure flow study verified urine leakage while coughing and straining without detrusor overactivity. Abdominal leak point pressure was 10 cmH2O. Autologous rectus abdominis fascia sling surgery was performed using Advantage™. One month postoperatively, a 1‐h pad test resulted in 0 g of leakage.ConclusionWe believe that this method will allow the fascia sling procedure to be performed reliably even if one is unfamiliar with conventional autologous rectus abdominis fascia sling surgery.
Exome sequencing identifies ADGRG4 G‐protein‐coupled receptors gene as a novel cancer biomarker in ovarian cancer patients from North India
Authors: Sharma Minerva , Verma Sonali , Angurana Shabab Lalit , Tufail Ziya , Bhagat Vanshika , Nagyal Sonia , Jamwal Rajeshwer Singh , Sharma Bhawani , Shah Ruchi , Bhat Audesh , Chander Gresh , Kumar Rakesh 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAdhesion G protein‐coupled receptor G4 (ADGRG4) is a G protein‐coupled receptor (GPCR) that belongs to the adhesion family. Participation of ADGRG4 in cell adhesion and migration, signaling pathway activation, influence on angiogenesis, and modulation of immune responses are some of the possible ways through which it may contribute to oncogenesis. Conducting extensive omics studies poses budgetary challenges to small labs in peripheral areas, primarily due to restricted research funding and resource limitations. Here we propose a low‐budget model for biomarker screening. A total of 11 ovarian cancer samples were sent for exome sequencing. Among various genes, ADGRG4 variants were present in all 11 samples and thus were chosen as a potential biomarker in the present population. However, the precise role of ADGRG4 in cancer is not fully understood. The present study aims to look at the association between the ADGRG4 gene variants and their risk of ovarian cancer in the North Indian region of Jammu and Kashmir, India. Overall, 235 individuals (115 cases and 120 healthy controls) were genotyped for the selected biomarker using Sanger sequencing. Logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between the variant and ovarian cancer. A statistically significant association was identified between the ADGRG4 variant rs5930932 polymorphism and the incidence of ovarian cancer among the study population. When corrected for age and BMI, the dominating OR of variant rs5930932 was 1.035 (1.003−1.069) under HWE patients (0.95) and controls (0.18), with a p‐value of (0.03). According to the findings of the current investigation, the ADGRG4 gene variant rs5930932 increases the chance of developing ovarian cancer in the studied population.