bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In situ tests to assess the potential toxicity of aquatic sediments
Authors: Baudo Renato , Beltrami Monica , Rossi Daria 
Published: November 2008

Abstract
This article reviews the methodological approaches currently used to assess the potential toxicity of aquatic sediments. In the past, the main use of in situ tests has been the field validation of results obtained by means of traditional methods (chemical analyses, inventory of the benthic communities, and laboratory toxicity testing). However, in situ techniques could also be used for a preliminary screening of sediment ecological risk assessment. At present, we suggest this approach for environments suspected to be contaminated, limiting the complex (and expensive) studies based on the traditional chemical analyses and laboratory toxicity testing to cases in which the necessity of a complete sediment risk assessment is already proved.
Predicted extirpation of the dominant demersal fish in a large marine ecosystem: Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) in the southern Gulf of St. Lawrence
Authors: Swain Douglas P. , Chouinard Ghislain A. 
Published: November 2008

Atlantic cod ( Gadus morhua ) was the dominant demersal fish and most important predator in the southern Gulf of St. Lawrence ecosystem as recently as the 1980s. However, productivity of southern Gulf cod has declined, and the population is no longer viable even in the absence of fishing. We conducted population projections taking into account uncertainty in current abundance-at-age and uncertainty or variability in each of the components of population productivity (i.e., rates of recruitment, individual growth, and adult natural mortality). We defined extirpation as a spawning stock biomass less than 1000 t (<0.3% of historical levels). Based on these projections, at its current level of productivity, this population is certain to be extirpated within 40 years in the absence of fishing and in 20 years with fishery removals at the level of the total allowable catch in 2007 and 2008 (2000 t). Elevated natural mortality of adult cod (M) is the main factor contributing to the low productivity of this stock. Because M appears to be increasing, our projections are likely overly optimistic.
A protease-resistant immunotoxin against CD22 with greatly increased activity against CLL and diminished animal toxicity
Authors: Weldon John E. , Xiang Laiman , Chertov Oleg , Margulies Inger , Kreitman Robert J. , FitzGerald David J. , Pastan Ira 
Published: November 2008

AbstractImmunotoxins based on Pseudomonas exotoxin A (PE) are promising anticancer agents that combine a variable fragment (Fv) from an antibody to a tumor-associated antigen with a 38-kDa fragment of PE (PE38). The intoxication pathway of PE immunotoxins involves receptor-mediated internalization and trafficking through endosomes/lysosomes, during which the immunotoxin undergoes important proteolytic processing steps but must otherwise remain intact for eventual transport to the cytosol. We have investigated the proteolytic susceptibility of PE38 immunotoxins to lysosomal proteases and found that cleavage clusters within a limited segment of PE38. We subsequently generated mutants containing deletions in this region using HA22, an anti-CD22 Fv-PE38 immunotoxin currently undergoing clinical trials for B-cell malignancies. One mutant, HA22-LR, lacks all identified cleavage sites, is resistant to lysosomal degradation, and retains excellent biologic activity. HA22-LR killed chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells more potently and uniformly than HA22, suggesting that lysosomal protease digestion may limit immunotoxin efficacy unless the susceptible domain is eliminated. Remarkably, mice tolerated doses of HA22-LR at least 10-fold higher than lethal doses of HA22, and these higher doses exhibited markedly enhanced antitumor activity. We conclude that HA22-LR advances the therapeutic efficacy of HA22 by using an approach that may be applicable to other PE-based immunotoxins.
Expression of BLIMP1/PRMT5and concurrent histone H2A/H4 arginine 3 dimethylation in fetal germ cells, CIS/IGCNU and germ cell tumors
Authors: Eckert Dawid , Biermann Katharina , Nettersheim Daniel , Gillis Ad JM , Steger Klaus , Jäck Hans-Martin , Müller Annette M , Looijenga Leendert HJ , Schorle Hubert 
Published: November 2008

Abstract

Background
Most testicular germ cell tumors arise from intratubular germ cell neoplasia unclassified (IGCNU, also referred to as carcinoma in situ), which is thought to originate from a transformed primordial germ cell (PGC)/gonocyte, the fetal germ cell. Analyses of the molecular profile of IGCNU and seminoma show similarities to the expression profile of fetal germ cells/gonocytes. In murine PGCs, expression and interaction of Blimp1 and Prmt5 results in arginine 3 dimethylation of histone H2A and H4. This imposes epigenetic modifications leading to transcriptional repression in mouse PGCs enabling them to escape the somatic differentiation program during migration, while expressing markers of pluripotency.

Results
In the present study, we show that BLIMP1 and PRMT5 were expressed and arginine dimethylation of histones H2A and H4 was detected in human male gonocytes at weeks 12–19 of gestation, indicating a role of this mechanism in human fetal germ cell development as well. Moreover, BLIMP1/PRMT5 and histone H2A and H4 arginine 3 dimethylation was present in IGCNU and most seminomas, while downregulated in embryonal carcinoma (EC) and other nonseminomatous tumors.

Conclusion
These data reveal similarities in marker expression and histone modification between murine and human PGCs. Moreover, we speculate that the histone H2A and H4 arginine 3 dimethylation might be the mechanism by which IGCNU and seminoma maintain the undifferentiated state while loss of these histone modifications leads to somatic differentiation observed in nonseminomatous tumors.
Transmission potential, skin inflammatory response, and parasitism of symptomatic and asymptomatic dogs with visceral leishmaniasis
Authors: Verçosa BLA , Lemos CM , Mendonça IL , Silva SMMS , de Carvalho SM , Goto H , Costa FAL 
Published: November 2008

AbstractBackgroundVisceral leishmaniasis in Brazil is caused by the protozoanLeishmania (Leishmania) chagasiand it is transmitted by sandfly of the genusLutzomyia. Dogs are an important domestic reservoir, and control of the transmission of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) to humans includes the elimination of infected dogs. However, though dogs are considered to be an important element in the transmission cycle ofLeishmania, the identification of infected dogs representing an immediate risk for transmission has not been properly evaluated. Since it is not possible to treat infected dogs, they are sacrificed when a diagnosis of VL is established, a measure that is difficult to accomplish in highly endemic areas. In such areas, parameters that allow for easy identification of reservoirs that represents an immediate risk for transmission is of great importance for the control of VL transmission. In this study we aimed to identify clinical parameters, reinforced by pathological parameters that characterize dogs with potential to transmit the parasite to the vector.ResultsThe major clinical manifestations of visceral leishmaniasis in dogs from an endemic area were onicogriphosis, skin lesions, conjunctivitis, lymphadenopathy, and weight loss. The transmission potential of these dogs was assessed by xenodiagnosis usingLutzomyia longipalpis. Six of nine symptomatic dogs were infective toLutzomyia longipalpiswhile none of the five asymptomatic dogs were infective to the sandfly.Leishmaniaamastigotes were present in the skin of all clinically symptomatic dogs, but absent in asymptomatic dogs. Higher parasite loads were observed in the ear and ungueal region, and lower in abdomen. The inflammatory infiltrate was more intense in the ears and ungueal regions of both symptomatic and asymptomatic dogs. In clinically affected dogs in which few or noneLeishmaniaamastigotes were observed, the inflammatory infiltrate was constituted mainly of lymphocytes and macrophages. When many parasites were present, the infiltrate was also comprised of lymphocytes and macrophages, as well as a larger quantity of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs).ConclusionDogs that represent an immediate risk for transmission ofLeishmaniain endemic areas present clinical manifestations that include onicogriphosis, skin lesions, conjunctivitis, lymphadenopathy, and weight loss. Lymphadenopathy in particular was a positive clinical hallmark since it was closely related to the positive xenodiagnosis.
Network‐based robust fault detection with incomplete measurements
Authors: He Xiao , Wang Zidong , Zhou D. H. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractIn this paper, we deal with the robust fault detection problem for a class of discrete‐time networked systems with unknown inputs. Three types of incomplete measurements frequently occurred in a network environment are simultaneously considered, which include (1) measurements with communication delays, (2) measurements with packet dropouts, and (3) measurements with signal quantization. A unified measurement model utilizing a set of Kronecker delta functions is proposed to describe the delay and missing phenomenon, and the quantization is assumed to be of the logarithmic type. Attention is focused on the analysis and design of a robust full‐order fault detection filter such that, for all admissible unknown inputs and incomplete measurements, the error between residual and fault is kept as small as possible. By augmenting the states of the original system and the fault detection filter, the addressed robust fault detection problem is converted into an auxiliary robustH∞filtering problem. Parameter‐dependent and delay‐probability‐dependent approaches are developed in the design process in order to have a less conservative result. Sufficient conditions for the existence of the desired robust fault detection filters are established in terms of certain linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), and explicit parameters of the desired filter are then characterized if these LMIs are feasible. A numerical example is provided to illustrate the applicability of the proposed technique. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Epidemiology and prognosis of synchronous colorectal cancers
Authors: Latournerie M , Jooste V , Cottet V , Lepage C , Faivre J , Bouvier A-M 
Published: November 2008

Abstract

Background
The aim of this population-based study was to report on the incidence, treatment and prognosis of synchronous colorectal carcinomas.

Methods
Data were obtained from the population-based cancer registry of Burgundy.

Results
Between 1976 and 2004, 15 562 colorectal cancers were diagnosed. Some 3·8 per cent of patients had synchronous colorectal cancers. The risk of having synchronous cancers was higher in men (odds ratio (OR) 1·41 (95 per cent confidence interval (c.i.) 1·19 to 1·68)), when associated adenomas were present (OR 2·02 (95 per cent c.i. 1·69 to 2·41)), when there were adenomatous remnants on pathological examination (OR 2·10 (95 per cent c.i. 1·73 to 2·55)) and in patients aged over 75 years (OR 1·31 (95 per cent c.i. 1·08 to 1·59)). Synchronous tumours were more often located on the same intestinal segment, although the correlation was weak (κ = 0·26). Resection for cure was performed in 74·8 per cent of synchronous cancers and 72·0 per cent of single cancers (P = 0·131). Five-year relative survival for synchronous (48·7 per cent) and single (48·3 per cent) cancers was almost identical. Stage, age, associated adenomas and adenomatous remnants were independent prognostic factors.

Conclusion
Synchronous colorectal cancers convey a similar prognosis to single tumours. Men and patients aged over 65 years with associated adenomas are more prone to multiple colorectal cancers.
Optimal implantation site for pancreatic islet transplantation
Authors: Merani S , Toso C , Emamaullee J , Shapiro A M J 
Published: November 2008

Abstract

Background
Since the first report of successful pancreatic islet transplantation to reverse hyperglycaemia in diabetic rodents, there has been great interest in determining the optimal site for implantation. Although the portal vein remains the most frequently used site clinically, it is not ideal. About half of the islets introduced into the liver die during or shortly after transplantation. Although many patients achieve insulin independence after portal vein infusion of islets, in the long term most resume insulin injections.

Methods
This review considers possible sites and techniques of islet transplantation in small and large animal models, and in humans. Metabolic, immunological and technical aspects are discussed.

Results and conclusion
Many groups have sought an alternative site that might offer improved engraftment and long-term survival, together with reduced procedure-related complications. The spleen, pancreas, kidney capsule, peritoneum and omental pouch have been explored. The advantages and disadvantages of various sites are discussed in order to define the most suitable for clinical use and to direct future research.
Effects of family treatment drug courts on substance abuse and child welfare outcomes
Authors: Worcel Sonia D. , Furrer Carrie J. , Green Beth L. , Burrus Scott W. M. , Finigan Michael W. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThis paper presents results from the first large‐scale outcome study of American Family Treatment Drug Courts (FTDCs)—specialised courts designed to work with substance‐abusing parents involved with the child welfare system. The paper examines whether court, child welfare and treatment outcomes differed for 301 families served through three FTDCs as compared to a matched sample of 1,220 families with substance abuse issues who received traditional child welfare services. Propensity score weights were used to account for measured differences between the FTDC and comparison groups. Child welfare outcomes were analysed using analytical techniques that controlled for these inherently nested data (i.e. children within a family). Overall, the study found that FTDC mothers had more positive treatment outcomes than similar mothers who were not served by the FTDC. FTDC mothers were more likely to enter substance abuse treatment services than were non‐FTDC mothers, entered treatment more quickly after their initial court petition than did non‐FTDC mothers, spent twice as much time in treatment than did non‐FTDC mothers and were twice as likely to complete at least one treatment episode than non‐FTDC mothers. In addition, data from the study indicate that FTDCs influence a key child welfare variable of interest: FTDC children were significantly more likely to be reunified with their mothers than were unserved children. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Prognostic value of the syntax score in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting for three‐vessel coronary artery disease
Authors: Lemesle Gilles , Bonello Laurent , de Labriolle Axel , Steinberg Daniel H. , Roy Probal , Slottow Tina L. Pinto , Torguson Rebecca , Kaneshige Kimberly , Xue Zhenyi , Suddath William O. , Satler Lowell F. , Kent Kenneth M. , Lindsay Joseph , Pichard Augusto D. , Waksman Ron 
Published: November 2008

AbstractBackground:The Syntax score prognostic value has recently been highlighted in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for multivessel coronary artery disease (CAD), however its prognostic value in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) for multivessel CAD is still unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of the Syntax score in patients undergoing CABG for 3‐vessel CAD.Methods:A cohort of 320 consecutive patients with multivessel (3‐vessel) CAD who were subjected for CABG were included in this study and divided into tertiles according to the Syntax score (<24.5, 24.5–34, and >34). During the 1‐year follow‐up, cardiovascular events including death, myocardial infarction (MI), and stroke were systematically indexed. The primary end point was the composite criteria death/MI/stroke.Results:The Syntax score ranged from 11–74 with a mean of 31.2 ± 12.6 and a median of 28.5 [22–38]. Baseline clinical characteristics were similar among the tertiles. No statistical difference was found for the composite criteria death/MI/stroke: 9.4% versus 7.5% versus 10.4% in the groups with a Syntax score <24.5, 24.5–34, and >34, respectively (P = 0.754).Conclusion:Unlike for PCI, the Syntax score has a poor prognostic value for severe cardiovascular events in patients undergoing CABG for 3‐vessel CAD. Other risk scores should be used to predict the outcome of this population. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
ChemInform Abstract: Electronic Structures and Optical Properties of Wurtzite Type LiBSe2 (B: Al, Ga, In): A First‐Principles Study.
Authors: Li Long‐Hua , Li Jun‐Qian , Wu Li‐Ming 
Published: November 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Thermal Behavior and Crystal Chemistry of Anhydrous Phosphates. Part 41. Refinement of the Superstructure of FeTi4(PO4)6 — An Example of a Highly Ordered Member of the NASICON Structure Family.
Authors: Schoeneborn M. , Glaum R. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: CaMn1‐xNbxO3 (x ≤ 0.08) Perovskite‐Type Phases as Promising New High‐Temperature n‐Type Thermoelectric Materials.
Authors: Bocher L. , Aguirre M. H. , Logvinovich D. , Shkabko A. , Robert R. , Trottmann M. , Weidenkaff A. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Combined Experimental and Density Functional Theory Studies on the Crystal Structures and Magnetic Properties of Mg(Mg1‐xMnx)2Sb2 (x ≈ 0.25) and BaMn2Sb2.
Authors: Xia Sheng‐Qing , Myers Chad , Bobev Svilen 
Published: November 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Structure of [C6H14N2] [(UO2)4(HPO4)2 (PO4)2(H2O)]× H2O: An Expanded Open‐Framework Amine‐Bearing Uranyl Phosphate.
Authors: Bray Travis H. , Gorden John D. , Albrecht‐Schmitt Thomas E. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Extended Organic—Inorganic Hybrids Based on Dawson and Double‐Dawson‐Type Polyoxometalates.
Authors: Zhang Zhiming , Li Yangguang , Wang Yonghui , Qi Yanfei , Wang Enbo 
Published: November 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Truncated Cinchona Alkaloids as Catalysts in Enantioselective Monobenzoylation of meso‐1,2‐Diols.
Authors: Kuendig E. Peter , Enriquez Garcia Alvaro , Lomberget Thierry , Perez Garcia Pablo , Romanens Patrick 
Published: November 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Solvent‐Free Thia‐Michael Addition Reactions Using 3‐[Bis(alkylthio)methylene]pentane‐2,4‐diones as Efficient and Odorless Thiol Equivalents.
Authors: Lin Chun , Zhao Xiao‐Liang , Ouyang Yan , Yu Hai‐Feng , Dong De‐Wen 
Published: November 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Efficient Oxidation of Alcohols Using Oxone® as Oxidant Catalyzed by Ruthenium Complex under Mild Reaction Conditions.
Authors: Lei Zi Qiang , Wang Jian Qiang , Yan Peng Hua 
Published: November 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Chiral Rhodium Carboxamidate Catalyst for Enantioselective C—H Amination.
Authors: Zalatan David N. , Du Bois J. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrosilanes Are Not Always Reducing Agents for Carbonyl Compounds but Can also Induce Dehydration: A Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Conversion of Primary Amides to Nitriles.
Authors: Hanada Shiori , Motoyama Yukihiro , Nagashima Hideo 
Published: November 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: 9‐Borabicyclo[3.3.2]decanes and the Asymmetric Hydroboration of 1,1‐Disubstituted Alkenes.
Authors: Gonzalez Ana Z. , Roman Jose G. , Gonzalez Eduvigis , Martinez Judith , Medina Jesus R. , Matos Karl , Soderquist John A. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Cross‐Coupling of Secondary Alkyltrifluoroborates with Aryl Chlorides — Reaction Discovery Using Parallel Microscale Experimentation.
Authors: Dreher Spencer D. , Dormer Peter G. , Sandrock Deidre L. , Molander Gary A. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.