bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative study on structural noise characteristics of continuous rigid frame and simply supported box-girder bridges in rail transits
Authors: Song Lizhong , Zhang Haiwen , Zhang Yisheng , Liu Quanmin , Liu Linya , Gao Kui 
Published: February 2025

To further investigate the bridge structural noise radiation characteristics when trains pass through continuous rigid frame box-girders and the influence of different bridge structural forms on the bridge structural noise radiation characteristics in urban elevated rail transit, the study conducted on the elevated rail transit lines in a Chinese city focused on the field testing of the vibration and noise of continuous rigid frame box-girders and simply supported box-girders. Through comparative testing results, the spectral characteristics of noise for the two types of box-girders were analyzed and compared. The finite element method and boundary element method were employed to establish numerical calculation models for vibration sound radiation of the two beam types, investigating and comparing the amplitude-frequency characteristics and spatial distribution patterns of noise for the two beam types. The research findings indicate that, within a range extending 120 m from the centerline of the bridge and 50 m above ground level, the difference in low-frequency structural noise radiated by the two types of box-girders is approximately −1.5 to 15 dB. The region beneath the bridge is where the continuous rigid frame box-girder demonstrates a significant advantage in low-frequency structural noise, reducing noise by 8 to 15 dB compared to the simply supported box-girder. Meanwhile, the low-frequency structural noise of the simply supported box-girder is only marginally lower than that of the continuous rigid frame box-girder in some areas under the sloped section of the bridge about 0 to 1.5 dB. Overall, the structural acoustic performance of the continuous rigid frame box-girder is superior to that of the simply supported box-girder.
Cartilage Organoids from Articular Chondroprogenitor Cells and Their Potential to Produce Neo-Hyaline Cartilage
Authors: Menssen Daphne M.A. , Feenstra Jeske C.A. , Janssen Rob P.A. , Abinzano Florencia , Ito Keita 
Published: February 2025

Introduction The use of autologous human primary articular chondrocytes (hPACs) for repairing damaged cartilage is the golden standard; however, their 2-dimensional (2D) expansion induces dedifferentiation, making it challenging to create hyaline cartilage. Spinner flasks are efficient for generating cartilage organoids, allowing hPACs to proliferate without dedifferentiation; however, porcine notochordal cell-derived matrix (NCM) is needed for aggregation, limiting clinical application. Human articular chondroprogenitor cells (hACPCs) can be expanded many fold while maintaining chondrogenic potential. Therefore, the scalable production of hACPC cartilage organoids without NCM in spinner flasks was investigated in this study. Methods hPAC organoids with NCM and hACPC organoids using bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP-9) were produced in spinner flasks in 14 days. Thereafter, approximately 20 organoids were fused in low adhesive wells for 21 days. Organoids underwent mechanical testing, and both organoids and fused constructs were evaluated using biochemical, histological, and immunohistochemical analysis. Results The hACPCs self-assembled and synthesized abundant extracellular matrix once stimulated with BMP-9. The hPAC and hACPC organoids showed similar mechanical properties, but hACPC organoids and fused constructs showed a more uniform matrix and cell distribution. Conclusion The hACPC organoids fused into a neo-hyaline cartilage-like tissue, demonstrating their potential for improved, scalable cartilage tissue repair.
Offloading Interventions for the Management of Charcot Neuroarthropathy in Diabetes
Authors: Berhane Thomas , Jeyaraman Kanakamani , Hamilton Mark , Falhammar Henrik 
Published: February 2025

Background: The use of a nonremovable patellar tendon bearing (PTB) cast in Charcot neuroarthropathy (CA) has not been well studied. We describe the offloading devices, including PTB cast used in our setting for the treatment of CA. Methods: We performed a retrospective observational study on patients with CA and diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) presenting to the multidisciplinary foot clinic at Royal Darwin Hospital, between January 2003 and June 2015. Various immobilization and offloading methods used in CA treatment and their outcomes were analyzed. Results: Ninety-three cases of CA were included. PTB cast (n = 76) and a variety of custom-made removable devices (n = 17) were used for initial offloading. Patients treated with PTB casts were allowed to fully weightbear on the affected limb, as tolerated. Initial offloading was continued until the joint stabilized and ulcer healed (6.5±1.9 months), and then patients were transitioned to various orthotic devices and then to accommodative footwear. At the end of the whole offloading treatment (median duration 13.1 months; range 10-24), patients treated with PTB initially had better outcomes compared with patients treated with removable devices. Conclusion: Immobilization using PTB casting was an effective offloading method for CA with DFU. With our offloading regimen, Indigenous and non-Indigenous patients had similar outcomes. Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective cohort study.
Teaching Knowledge and Empathy in Substance Use Disorder Through Enriched Education in the Neurobiology of Addiction: A Narrative Review on Addiction Education in Professional Schools
Authors: Newman Leslie C. , Swisshelm Ashley T. 
Published: February 2025

Background: Addiction is a devastating chronic disease requiring significant resources and attention. Healthcare professionals have noted struggles in caring for patients with substance use disorder (SUD) due to stigma, perceived difficulties in dealing with patients, and issues with treatment compliance. Challenges in dealing with individuals with SUD may stem from an inadequate understanding of the disease and consequent misconceptions about patient behaviors. The type and extent of addiction education affect the depth of understanding of SUD and shape attitudes toward patients. In this review, we explore aspects of addiction education including examining curricular guidelines and educational strategies, especially regarding the neurobiology of addiction. Methods: We conducted a narrative review using online databases and search engines to identify studies related to addiction/SUD education with emphasis on the type and extent of neurobiological content. Results: Studies examining addiction education document deficiencies that may contribute to insufficiencies in SUD treatment and disrespectful treatment of individuals with SUD. There is also a lack of detail regarding the extent of the neurobiology of addiction education in professional core courses and curricular guidelines. Implementing a more detailed approach to addiction education with more comprehensive neurobiology is discussed along with strategies to motivate students to learn and appreciate these complex details. Conclusions: While there are many aspects of addiction education, a solid foundation in the neurobiological mechanisms of addiction is important to establish an appreciation for the disease nature of addiction and the resulting behaviors of the individual. Teaching beyond the rewarding nature of addiction is essential to enable students to comprehend how the activation of survival stress systems and compromised decision-making affects the behavior of individuals with SUD. A more comprehensive understanding of addiction fosters more respect for individuals with SUD and creates potential for more opportunities for effective treatment.
The role of LH in follicle development: from physiology to new clinical implications
Authors: Longo Maria , Liuzzi Francesca , De Carlini Serena , La Marca Antonio 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The process of follicle development is closely regulated by two pituitary gonadotropins: follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). Traditionally, folliculogenesis is considered to be divided into a gonadotropin-independent phase and a gonadotropin-dependent phase. Despite this, recent evidence has demonstrated that functional LH receptors are expressed even in smaller follicles during the phase considered to be gonadotropin independent. Luteinizing hormone promotes androgen synthesis within ovarian follicles and seems to significantly contribute to accelerate and enhance the transition from the primordial to the antral stage of folliculogenesis. Thus, LH could play a fundamental role in determining the number of recruitable antral follicles, with a direct impact on the cyclic recruitment of follicles and reproductive potential. Common clinical conditions of pituitary suppression such as hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, other than pregnancy and combined oral contraceptive use, have been considered to analyze the effect of lower serum LH levels on the functional ovarian reserve. This review outlines recent findings on the mechanisms of human follicle development, based on human and animal models, with a direct focus on possible new clinical applications.
Responses to extreme drought in wintering waterbirds: a multi-species approach
Authors: Wang Chenxi , Xia Shaoxia , Yu Xiubo , Wen Li 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Climate change and anthropogenic activities are accelerating environmental changes, challenging wild animals’ survival. Behavioral plasticity, such as adjusting habitat selection and foraging activity, is a key mechanism for responding to rapid environmental changes in the Anthropocene era. However, this shift may expose animals to new challenges. Moreover, not all behavioral plasticity is adaptive, as evidenced by ecological traps. This study focuses on Poyang Lake, a Ramsar wetland and a critical wintering ground for waterbirds in the East Asian–Australasian Flyway. Historically, the migratory patterns of waterbirds were synchronized with the plant life cycle. However, recent hydrological regime changes have diminished suitable habitats and food resources, thereby posing significant conservation challenges for waterbirds.

Methods
Utilizing multiyear satellite tracking data, we examined the variations in wintering home range and behaviors of four herbivorous waterbird species between natural and artificial wetlands in Poyang Lake under different hydrological conditions.

Results
Our results reveal significant differences in home range area and movement speed among species and across hydrological years. All species demonstrated a marked increase in their use of artificial wetlands under unfavorable conditions. Specifically, the Greater White-fronted Goose (Anser albifrons) shifted its distribution to artificial wetlands during drought years while favoring natural wetlands under normal conditions, indicating a stress-induced adaptation. In contrast, the Bean Goose (A. fabalis) and Swan Goose (A. cygnoid) displayed greater behavioral plasticity. Notably, the Siberian Crane (Leucogeranus leucogeranus) increasingly used artificial wetlands, likely due to human protection, raising concerns about potential ecological traps. Additionally, waterbirds foraging in artificial wetlands generally exhibited higher movement speeds during drought conditions. This behavior suggests maladaptation and a more dispersed distribution.

Conclusions
Our study underscored the critical role of artificial wetlands in supporting migratory waterbirds during drought, though elevated movement speeds observed in these habitats suggest potential maladaptation. Species-specific responses raise concerns about ecological traps if these habitats fail to meet key ecological needs. To ensure long-term conservation, efforts should focus on preserving natural wetlands and enhancing the quality of artificial habitats. Future research should prioritize long-term monitoring to guide habitat management and address species-specific needs in the face of climate change and habitat degradation.

Graphic abstract
FOXO3a/miR-4259-driven LDHA expression as a key mechanism of gemcitabine sensitivity in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Hsu Tung-Wei , Wang Wan-Yu , Chen Hsin-An , Wang Tzu-Hsuan , Su Chih-Ming , Liao Po-Hsiang , Chen Alvin , Tsai Kuei-Yen , Kokotos George , Kuo Cheng-Chin , Chiu Ching-Feng , Su Yen-Hao 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) can regulate tumorigenesis and cancer progression. Nevertheless, whether the regulation of LDHA is involved in the development of gemcitabine resistance in PDAC has not yet been fully elucidated. Increasing studies have shown that cancer acquired drug resistance led to treatment failure is highly attributed to the cancer stem cell (CSC) properties. Therefore, we aim to demonstrate the functions and regulatory mechanisms of LDHA on cancer stem cell (CSC) properties and gemcitabine resistance in PDAC.

Methods
We investigate the metabolite profiles by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry between gemcitabine–resistant PDAC and parental PDAC cells. Additionally, gain-of-function and loss-of-function experiments were conducted to examine the roles of LDHA on CSC properties and gemcitabine resistance in the gemcitabine–resistant PDAC and parental PDAC cells. To investigate regulators involved in LDHA-mediated gemcitabine resistance and CSC of pancreatic cancer cells, we further used a combination of the miRNA microarray results and software predictions and confirmed that miR-4259 is a direct target of LDHA by luciferase assay. Furthermore, we constructed serial miR-4259 promoter reporters and searched for response elements using the TESS 2.0/TFSEARCH software to find the transcription factor binding site in the promoter region of miR-4259.

Results
We observed that elevated LDHA expression significantly correlates with recurrent pancreatic cancer patients following gemcitabine treatment and with CSC properties. We further identify that FOXO3a-induced miR-4259 directly targets the 3’untranslated region of LDHA and reduced LDHA expression, leading to decreased gemcitabine resistance and a reduction in the CSC phenotypes of pancreatic cancer.

Conclusion
Our results demonstrated that LDHA plays a critical role in cancer stemness and gemcitabine resistance of pancreatic cancer, and indicate that targeting the FOXO3a/miR-4259/LDHA pathway might serve as a new treatment for pancreatic cancer patients with a poor response to gemcitabine chemotherapy.
The German version of the Bergen Yale Sex Addiction Scale (BYSAS): psychometric properties and initial steps of validation
Authors: Hiebler Michaela , Brössler Hannah , Wimmer Raphael , Zipper Zoe , Renner Elisa , Brouschek Jasmin , Fuchshuber Jürgen , Neubauer Aljoscha , Unterrainer Human-Friedrich 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objectives
This study presents the German version of the Bergen Yale Sex Addiction Scale (BYSAS). The questionnaire screens for different risk levels of problematic excessive sexual behavior (“hypersexuality”).

Methods
Based on an online sample (N = 492), a confirmatory factor analysis as well as other reliability analysis were conducted. Demographic characteristics of the sample were also assessed. The BYSAS was validated with psychiatric symptoms.

Results
Global fit statistics indicate a one-factorial structure of the BYSAS. Cronbach’s α was 0.77. 2.03% of the study participants were categorized as “high risk” regarding sex addiction.

Discussion
Initial results suggest that the German version of the BYSAS is a promising screening instrument for sex addiction. However, further validation in clinical populations is essential to ensure generalizability and clinical utility. In addition, different risk levels as well as the mechanisms underlying hypersexuality need to be examined more closely.
The challenge of the application of augmented reality in science education in China: a systematic review
Authors: Zhang Sifang , Yao Zhuangzhuang 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Augmented reality (AR) technology has brought innovative changes to the field of education with its unique interactivity and immersion. In recent years, the application of AR technology in science education in China has been researched and practiced. This article reviews these studies and explores the various disciplinary areas of AR technology application in science education, the types of devices used, as well as the application advantages, challenges, and future trends of AR technology. It is found that the application of augmented reality technology in China’s science education has broad prospects and potential. However, there are still some challenges, such as equipment cost, teacher training and technology maturity. In the future, with the progress of technology and the deepening of application, AR technology in China’s science education will gain more extensive and deeper application.
Detection, isolation, characterization, analytical method development with validation and in-silico analysis of new impurity in rivaroxaban
Authors: Epuru Manohar Reddy , Saroja Jagadam , Pilli Veera Venkata Nanda Kishore , Vennapureddy Ravinder Reddy 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
For rivaroxaban (RRBN) to be safe and effective, its quality and impurities need to be evaluated. One new impurity (IMP-20.15/2.57) was found during the analysis of intermediate stage compound of RRBN production. The isolation of IMP-20.15/2.57 was achieved by preparative HPLC, using 10 mM ammonium acetate and acetonitrile (gradient elution mode) as mobile phase. The IMP-20.15/2.57 was elucidated using mass spectrometer, FT-IR and NMR (1H and 13C) techniques. A gradient RP-HPLC method was developed for IMP-20.15/2.57 quantification in RRBN API. The chromatographic separation of IMP-20.15/2.57 was done on a Zorbax Eclipse XDB [C18 3.0 mm × 15 cm, 3.5 µm] column with UV detection programmed at 250 nm. Solution A (methanol and buffer have been blended in a 05:95 v/v ratio) and Solution B (acetonitrile) make up the gradient mobile phase. The three batches of RRBN API were analyzed with the developed gradient RP-HPLC approach for the content of IMP-20.15/2.57. Risk assessment tests for IMP-20.15/2.57 were conducted utilizing in silico programs.

Results
The IMP-20.15/2.57 was elucidated as 4-(4-(2-hydroxy-3-(2-hydroxy-3-(4-(3-oxomorpholino) phenyl amino) propyl amino) propyl amino) phenyl) morpholin-3-one using mass spectrometer, FT-IR and NMR (1H and 13C) techniques. The novel approach was evaluated in accordance with ICH requirements for linearity (0.2495–1.4971 µg/mL; R2-0.99958), accuracy (109.97–117.71% recovery), precision (0.6015–0.9211%RSD), specificity (996.5 peak purity), robustness (no significant variation in retention time and resolution), and quantification limitations (0.2495 µg/mL). The results were deemed appropriate. It became apparent that the IMP-20.15/2.57 content in three batches of RRBN API were below the quantification limits. The in-silico program suggested that there was certainly no possibility of mutagenicity with IMP-20.15/2.57.

Conclusion
The present gradient RP-HPLC approach suits best for the IMP-20.15/2.57 quantification in RRBN API and offers more effective ways to guarantee the safety of patients and the quality of RRBN.
Incidence of complications and outcome in live kidney transplant recipients at 1 year—a single center experience
Authors: Khan Imran , Wani Muzamil Ahmad , Wani Imtiyaz Ahmad , Rather Jawad Iqbal , Bhat Mohammad Ashraf , Wani Muzafar Maqsood , Sheikh Rayees Yousuf , Parry Manzoor Ahmad 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Introduction
Patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) need ongoing dialysis treatments or a kidney transplant to survive. Kidney transplantation is the optimal treatment for patients with ESKD. Advances in surgical, immunosuppressive, and monitoring protocols have led to a significant improvement in short-term kidney allograft survival. However, in order to avoid rejection, kidney transplant patients have to be on immunosuppression which increases the risk of infections, malignancies, cardiovascular diseases, and many other complications. So a balance has to be struck to prevent under or over-immunosuppression.
In this study, we present our experience and follow-up data of kidney transplantations done at our center with special emphasis on the incidence of complications and outcomes in recipients at 1 year.

Aims and objectives
1. To estimate the incidence of post-transplant complications in live kidney transplant recipients at 1 year.
2. To assess the patient and graft survival at 1 year in live kidney transplant recipients.

Materials and methods
This observational study was done in the Department of Nephrology, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, J&K. Patients who underwent transplant at our center from April 2022 to April 2023 were included and each patient was followed up for 1 year in this study. All the consenting kidney transplant recipients undergoing kidney transplantation at our center during the study period were included.

Results
A total of 45 kidney transplants were included in the study. The mean age of our study population was 31.2 years (SD 10.5). 77.5% of our recipient population comprised of men and 22.5% were women. The mean dialysis vintage was 15.1 months (SD 9.4). The incidence of biopsy-proven acute rejection was 15% while 1 year patient and graft survival were 100% and 95%, respectively. The incidence of BK virus-associated nephropathy was 10%. The overall incidence of other infections was 37.5%. The incidence of hypertension and post-transplant diabetes was 65% and 15%, respectively. The incidence of anemia and erythrocytosis was 12.5% and 22.5%, respectively.

Conclusion
Kidney transplant is the treatment of choice for ESKD. However, these patients are at risk of infectious, malignant, cardiometabolic, and other complications. Heightened awareness and surveillance is of utmost importance in these patients.
Flashbacks uniquely characterise post-traumatic stress disorder: distinguishing flashbacks from other psychological processes and phenomena
Authors: Siddaway Andy P. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
The post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) diagnosis encompasses heterogeneous presentations, many of the diagnostic criteria are not trauma-related and almost all PTSD symptoms are common to several psychiatric diagnoses. Flashbacks are the only symptom unique to PSTD. However, the absence of a consensus definition of flashbacks means that this term means different things to different people, causing misunderstanding and miscommunication, and presumably affecting treatment. This Refreshment discusses how flashbacks are defined in DSM-5-TR and ICD-11 (essentially, as reliving/re-experiencing when awake) and briefly describes the dual representation theory's account of flashbacks. In discussing what flashbacks are and are not, it aims to promote improved understanding, assessment and diagnosis of PTSDs.