bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of efficacy and safety of three different concentrations of ropivacaine for labor pain management using patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA): A double-blind, randomized controlled trial
Authors: Bihani Pooja , Vyas Medha , Soni Shikha , Jaju Rishabh , Janweja Sarita , Choudhary Usha 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims:
Labor pain is consistently ranked high on the various pain rating scales, when compared to other painful life experiences, and the experience of labor during the process of childbirth is both complex and subjective. Though patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) using dilute concentrations of local anesthetics (LAs) has been a popular method to control labor pain, yet the optimal dose and regimen for PCEA remain ambiguous. So, the present study was undertaken to evaluate the safety and efficacy of three different concentrations of ropivacaine for labor analgesia using PCEA.

Materials and Methods:
Seventy-five healthy nulliparous women who gave voluntary consent for labor analgesia using PCEA were randomly assigned to three groups to receive three different ropivacaine concentrations (0.0625%, 0.1%, and 0.125%) with adjuvant fentanyl 2 μg/ml, after double-blinding. Analgesic efficacy, neuraxial blockade, vital parameters, neonatal outcomes, maternal satisfaction, and side effects were assessed. Primary outcome was total dose of ropivacaine consumed in milligrams.

Results:
Number of pain breakthroughs (Visual Analog Score >4) and PCEA demand and rescue boluses were found to be statistically more in group 0.0625% (P < 0.01), followed by group 0.1% and were the least in 0.125%. Still, total drug consumed in milligrams was significantly less in 0.0625% group. Maternal satisfaction was comparable among the three groups (P = 0.33). There was no significant difference in maternal side effects and neonatal APGAR scores among the three groups.

Conclusion:
When three different concentrations of ropivacaine, that is, 0.0625%, 0.1%, and 0.125%, are used for labor analgesia, the use of 0.125% ropivacaine leads to higher total amount of ropivacaine consumed. Despite the lower efficacy in terms of breakthrough pain episodes observed with a 0.0625% ropivacaine concentration for labor analgesia, maternal satisfaction remained consistent across all three doses of ropivacaine. PCEA demand and rescue boluses for the lowest concentration, that is, 0.0625%; and did not affect maternal satisfaction with the management of labor pain.
Comparison of bolus dose administration of propofol and dexmedetomidine for incidence of emergence delirium in pediatric patients undergoing surgery with general anesthesia: A randomized, double-blind trial
Authors: Tharu Vidya , Paliwal Naveen , Bihani Pooja , Janweja Sarita , Jaju Rishabh , Kothari Sunil 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims:
Emergence delirium (ED) during the postanesthesia recovery phase presents significant challenges, especially among pediatric patients, with incidence rates spanning from 2% to 80%. This study sought to assess and compare the effectiveness of propofol and dexmedetomidine in addressing ED in pediatric patients undergoing sevoflurane anesthesia. The primary aim was to ascertain the prevalence of ED in both treatment cohorts, while secondary outcomes encompassed postoperative pain, hemodynamic responses, and the occurrence of complications.

Material and Methods:
Eighty children aged 2–6 years scheduled for short infraumbilical surgeries under general anesthesia were recruited in this trial. Propofol (1 mg/kg) or dexmedetomidine (0.3 μg/kg) was administered 10 min before completion of surgery. The Paediatric Anaesthesia Emergence Delirium scale was employed to evaluate ED every 5 min following extubation, wherein a score exceeding 12 was indicative of ED. Postoperative sedation was assessed using the Ramsay Sedation Scale, while pain levels were determined through the Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, and Consolability (FLACC) score. Any potential complications were closely monitored.

Results:
The incidence of ED at extubation was 2.50% and 70% in group D and P, respectively, and the trend of lower ED incidence was consistently observed at 5, 10, 15, and 30 min postextubation. The relative risk ratio at extubation was 4.103 (95% confidence interval: 2.49–6.76), highlighting a significant reduction of 4.1 times in the risk of ED when dexmedetomidine was administered. The dexmedetomidine group exhibited a lower incidence of postoperative pain.

Conclusion:
In comparison to propofol, dexmedetomidine demonstrated superior efficacy in reducing ED and postoperative pain in pediatric patients during general anesthesia, when administered before completion of surgery.
A concise review of the effect of efflux pump on biofilm intensity in bacteria with a special view to Mycobacterium
Authors: Fouladi Marjan Darbani , Besharati Saeid , Farnia Parissa , Khosravi Adnan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Excessive, arbitrary, self-medication, and misuse of antibiotics have caused widespread antibiotic resistance, but with the emergence of multiple antibiotic resistances, these concerns have increased. Efflux pumps are an important pathway involved in antibiotic resistance and can send the drug used in clinical cases out of the bacterial cell. Many studies show the role of these pumps in biofilm formation as well as increasing biofilm formation. Considering the effective relationship between antibiotic resistance from the efflux pump pathway and biofilm increase in bacteria, the purpose of this study was to investigate various aspects of the efflux pump pathway in biofilm exacerbation, especially in Mycobacterium. For this purpose, we studied more than 60 articles with keywords efflux pump, antibiotic resistance, biofilm formation, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis from valuable data sources such as PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science. Through the investigation, we came to the conclusion that the efflux pump is one of the main pathways of antibiotic resistance in bacteria, especially M. tuberculosis, which can increase the formation of biofilm in them, and as a result of this cooperation, the treatment process can become much more difficult. We suggest that all drug resistance pathways and their genes are investigated in the occurrence of other diseases, not only tuberculosis, in different geographical areas.
Tuberculosis Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment Financial Profile during 2006–2021: Part B
Authors: Madadi-Goli Nahid , Ahmadi Kamal , Meskini Maryam , Vaziri Farzam , Fateh Abolfazl , Siadat Seyed Davar 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND:
Tuberculosis (TB) is a highly contagious infectious disease that is still considered one of the main causes of mortality associated with infectious diseases. To effectively prevent, treat, and diagnose TB, it is essential to analyze and interpret the funds allocated by health agencies and countries to treat, prevent, and diagnose TB.

METHODS:
In this study, the World Health Organization and research databases were used to analyze the financial status of TB prevention, diagnosis, and treatment over the past 20 years.

RESULTS:
Based on the results of this study between 2006 and 2021, Europe (22,469.488), Asia (18,708.125), and Africa (14,373.899) received the most funding (US $ million). Oceania (202.655) and America (3117.571) were allocated the lowest budgets (US $ million). The highest and lowest TB eradication budgets were in Asia and Oceania, respectively. As far as funding for drug-resistant TB is concerned, Europe and Oceania had the highest and lowest levels of funding between 2006 and 2021.

CONCLUSIONS:
Funding allocations for TB programs have generally been found to be the highest, potentially reducing the number of treatment-resistant TB cases and the devastating costs associated with this disease.
Adherence to Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices in diabetes mellitus patients in Saudi Arabia: A multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Alqifari Saleh Fahad , Esmail Aya K , Alarifi Dalal M , Alsuliman Ghalya Y , Alhati Maram M , Mutlaq May R , Aldhaeefi Mohammed , Alshuaibi Shaden A , Amirthalingam Palanisamy , Abdallah Abrar , Wasel Afaf S , Hamad Heba R , Alamin Shoroq , Atia Tasneem H , Alqahtani Tariq 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND
Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) are predisposed to an increased risk of infection signifying the importance of vaccination to protect against its potentially severe complications. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (CDC/ACIP) issued immunization re-commendations to protect this patient population.
AIM
To assess the adherence of patients with DM to the CDC/ACIP immunization recommendations in Saudi Arabia and to identify the factors associated with the vaccine adherence rate.
METHODS
An observational retrospective study conducted in 2023 was used to collect data on the vaccination records from 13 diabetes care centers in Saudi Arabia with 1000 eligible patients in phase I with data collected through chart review and 709 patients in phase II through online survey.
RESULTS
Among participants, 10.01% (n = 71) had never received any vaccine, while 85.89% (n = 609) received at least one dose of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine, and 34.83% (n = 247) had received the annual influenza vaccine. Only 2.96% (n = 21), 2.11% (n = 15), and 1.12% (n = 8) received herpes zoster, tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis (Tdap), and human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines, respectively. For patients with DM in Saudi Arabia, the rate of vaccination for annual influenza and COVID-19 vaccines was higher compared to other vaccinations such as herpes zoster, Tdap, pneumococcal, and HPV. Factors such as vaccine recommendations provided by family physicians or specialists, site of care, income level, DM-related hospitalization history, residency site, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level, and health sector type can significantly influence the vaccination rate in patients with DM. Among non-vaccinated patients with DM, the most reported barriers were lack of knowledge and fear of side effects. This signifies the need for large-scale research in this area to identify additional factors that might facilitate adherence to CDC/ACIP vaccine recommendations in patients with DM.
CONCLUSION
In Saudi Arabia, patients with DM showed higher vaccination rates for annual influenza and COVID-19 vaccines compared to other vaccinations such as herpes zoster, Tdap, pneumococcal, and HPV. Factors such as vaccine recommendations provided by family physicians or specialists, the site of care, income level, DM-related hospitalization history, residency site, HbA1c level, and health sector type can significantly influence the vaccination rate in patients with DM.
KCNQ1 rs2237895 gene polymorphism increases susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus in Asian populations
Authors: Li Dong-Xu , Yin Li-Ping , Song Yu-Qi , Shao Nan-Nan , Zhu Huan , He Chen-Sen , Sun Jiang-Jie 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND
The association of single nucleotide polymorphism of KCNQ1 gene rs2237895 with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is currently controversial. It is unknown whether this association can be gene realized across different populations.
AIM
To determine the association of KCNQ1 rs2237895 with T2DM and provide reliable evidence for genetic susceptibility to T2DM.
METHODS
We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Medline, Baidu Academic, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Biomedical Liter-ature Database, and Wanfang to investigate the association between KCNQ1 gene rs2237895 and the risk of T2DM up to January 12, 2022. Review Manager 5.4 was used to analyze the association of the KCNQ1 gene rs2237895 polymorphism with T2DM and to evaluate the publication bias of the selected literature.
RESULTS
Twelve case–control studies (including 11273 cases and 11654 controls) met our inclusion criteria. In the full population, allelic model [odds ratio (OR): 1.19; 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 1.09–1.29; P < 0.0001], recessive model (OR: 1.20; 95%CI: 1.11–1.29; P < 0.0001), dominant model (OR: 1.27. 95%CI: 1.14–1.42; P < 0.0001), and codominant model (OR: 1.36; 95%CI: 1.15–1.60; P = 0.0003) (OR: 1.22; 95%CI: 1.10–1.36; P = 0.0002) indicated that the KCNQ1 gene rs2237895 polymorphism was significantly correlated with susceptibility to T2DM. In stratified analysis, this association was confirmed in Asian populations: allelic model (OR: 1.25; 95%CI: 1.13–1.37; P < 0.0001), recessive model (OR: 1.29; 95%CI: 1.11–1.49; P = 0.0007), dominant model (OR: 1.35; 95%CI: 1.20–1.52; P < 0.0001), codominant model (OR: 1.49; 95%CI: 1.22–1.81; P < 0.0001) (OR: 1.26; 95%CI: 1.16–1.36; P < 0.0001). In non-Asian populations, this association was not significant: Allelic model (OR: 1.06, 95%CI: 0.98–1.14; P = 0.12), recessive model (OR: 1.04; 95%CI: 0.75–1.42; P = 0.83), dominant model (OR: 1.06; 95%CI: 0.98–1.15; P = 0.15), codominant model (OR: 1.08; 95%CI: 0.82–1.42; P = 0.60. OR: 1.15; 95%CI: 0.95–1.39; P = 0.14).
CONCLUSION
KCNQ1 gene rs2237895 was significantly associated with susceptibility to T2DM in an Asian population. Carriers of the C allele had a higher risk of T2DM. This association was not significant in non-Asian populations.
Implementasi Metode MOORA Dalam Pemilihan Mahasiswa Berprestasi Dimasa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Halawa Advent , Malango Monika Stefani , Syahrizal Muhammad 
Published: March 2024

Selection Of Outstanding Students is one of the activities usually carried out by every university or college in order to determine the level of performance of each student. In this case, the write conducts research on the Selection Of Outstanding Students with the aim of giving appreciation to students who have the best grades so that they become hope for future developments. In this study the authors use the MOORA (Multi-Objektive Optimization by Ratio Analysis) method as a Decision Support Sistem (DSS) in order to produce an objektive and accurate decision. This research was carried out during the covid-19 pandemic, which is a virus thet is hitting human health, characterized by coughs, flu, fever, no appetite, and so on. However, this condition does not rule out the possibility of students to exel, some strudents who become alternatives in the selection of outstanding students with criteria including GPA, Active Organization, Englis Ability, Achievement and warning letters. So as to produce the best reference value on alternative A3 on behalf of Viktor Zai with a value of 0.4522.
Analisis Pengaruh Pemeriksaan Pajak Dan Penagihan Pajak Terhadap Penerimaan Pajak Pada KPP Medan Petisah
Authors: Natasya Natasya , Aristantya Selvi , Syahputra Oky 
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh pemeriksaan pajak terhadap penerimaan pajak penghasilan (PPh) , pengaruh penagihan pajak terhadap penerimaan pajak penghasilan (PPh) dan pengaruh pemeriksaan dan penagihan pajak secara simultan terhadap penerimaan pajak penghasilan (PPh) pada Kantor Pelayanan Pajak Medan Petisah.Populasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh pegawai pajak yang bekerja di Kantor Pajak Pratama Medan Petisah sebanyak 114 orang. Metode pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah teknik random sampling yang menggunakan rumus slovin sehingga sampel yang digunakan adalah 53 sampel. Metode analisis penelitia yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah metode analisis deskriptif, uji asumsi klasik, uji kelayakan model dan regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemeriksaan pajak berpengaruh positif terhadap penerimaan pajak, penagihan pajak berpengaruh positif terhadap penerimaan pajak serta pemeriksaan pajak dan penagihan pajak secara bersama-sama berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap penerimaan pajak. Sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa semakin baik pemeriksaan dan proses penagihan pajak yang dilakukan, maka akan semakin besar pula penerimaan pajak yang diperoleh.
Rituais de Separação
Authors: Costa Duarte Neto Neemias , Antônio Barbosa Pacheco Marcos , Adriane Pinheiro Trindade Déborah , Araújo Mendonça Silva Flor de Maria , Márcio Soares Leite José , Alves de Souza Melo Marenilde , Bruna Arruda Aragão Francisca , Maria Douat Loyola Cristina 
Published: March 2024

Os rituais funerários são considerados organizadores sociais e psíquicos para a vivência da despedida, e importantes para a elaboração do sentido para a perda e resolução do luto, e desse modo, necessitaram de alguma reconfiguração durante a pandemiaEste estudo tem por objetivo analisar a narrativa de familiares sobre o sepultamento na morte por COVID-19. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva e analítica. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre outubro de 2020 a julho de 2021 nos municípios maranheses: Imperatriz, Lago da Pedra, Zé Doca e São Luís. Para análise qualitativa dos dados, utilizou-se a análise temática de conteúdo proposto por Minayo e a Teoria das Representações Sociais abordado por Serge Moscovici. A amostra foi constituída por 13 entrevistados. Através da análise empírica dos dados percebe-se que o valor monetário do caixão é importante para a família, como registro externo, ou concreto, da importância do morto. A presença apenas de familiares é insuficiente para enterrar o morto, havendo necessidade de outras pessoas, ademais, não tocar no corpo morto produz sentimentos de dor e mágoa. Os rituais de separação sofreram transformações para se adaptar a esse novo cenário, não deixando de ser vivenciado para expressar e processar o luto. A rápida evolução clínica da doença não acompanha o tempo psíquico do familiar para processar a perda, gerando intenso sofrimento. Foi possível compreender as novas formas de vivencia do luto experienciado nesta pandemia, contribuindo para sistematizar a atuação de profissionais em saúde mental para melhor compreensão do sofrimento psíquico.
Ethical challenges faced by Philippine public secondary school guidance counselors under the new normal
Authors: Sanchez-Maddela Sarah Bless , Dela Cruz-Cada Rosalie 
Published: March 2024

This study aims to explore the impact of the ethical challenges faced by guidance counselors in public schools in Nueva Vizcaya in performing their tasks of counseling and providing other related services to the students in an online learning environment brought about by the COVID- 19 pandemic, and how they addressed the same. By a thorough understanding of the experiences of these public-school guidance counselors, it is hoped that new solutions or strategies to deal more effectively with such challenges can be offered. Using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA), this study examines the lived experiences of four (4) public secondary school guidance counselors who cater to the counseling needs of fifty-two public high schools in Nueva Vizcaya, Philippines. Results reveal that guidance counselors experience challenges, ethical and otherwise, in the delivery of their services to students. The most common ethical dilemmas pointed out by the participants are maintaining confidentiality of personal disclosures and student records, multiple relationships, awareness of a colleague's ethical transgression, and maintaining boundaries. Guidance counselors will always be part of the support group in the holistic formation of the learners, whether in the physical or virtual environment.
KHẢO SÁT MỨC ĐỘ LO ÂU CỦA BỆNH NHÂN HẬU COVID-19 TẠI KHOA NỘI BỆNH VIỆN ĐA KHOA SÀI GÒN NĂM 2022
Authors: Huỳnh Kim Khang , Nguyễn Hoàng Linh , Đỗ Ngọc Thúy An 
Published: March 2024

Mục tiêu: Khảo sát mức độ lo âu của bệnh nhân hậu Covid-19 tại khoa Nội bệnh viện Đa khoa Sài gòn và khảo sát mối tương quan giữa các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến mức độ lo âu của người bệnh. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: nghiên cứu cắt ngang mô tả vói 77 bệnh nhân tham gia nghiên cứu. Sử dụng bộ câu hỏi thang điểm tự đánh giá lo âu của Zung (Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, SAS).Có 20 câu hỏi với 15 câu hỏi mức độ lo lắng tăng dần và 5 câu hỏi mức độ lo lắng giảm dần. Cách đọc kết quả: Các câu 5,9.13,17,19 tính điểm 4,3,2,1 từ trái sang phải còn lại tính 1,2,3,4. Gợi ý chẩn đoán: o Không lo âu: ≤ 40 điểm. o Lo âu mức độ nhẹ: 41 – 50 điểm. o Lo âu mức độ vừa: 51 – 60 điểm. o Lo âu mức độ nặng: 61 – 70 điểm. o Lo âu mức độ rất nặng: 71 – 80 điểm. Kết quả: người bệnh lo âu mức độ nhẹ chiếm 52.8%, lo âu mức độ vừa chiếm 2.8%; không có lo âu mức độ nặng và rất nặng. Tuổi và giới tính không có mối tương quan với mức độ lo âu (p>0,05). Nghề nghiệp có mối tương quan có ý nghĩa thống kê p<0,05. Kết luận: hậu covid 19 phần lớn người bện lo âu mức độ nhẹ và vừa. Tuổi và giới tính không có mối tương quan với mức độ lo âu. Nghề nghiệp có mối tương quan với mức độ lo âu.
ĐÁNH GIÁ TÌNH TRẠNG MINI IMPLANT VÀ HÀM PHỦ TRÊN MINI IMPLANT SAU 5 NĂM
Authors: Phạm Thị Lan Anh , Lữ Lam Thiên 
Published: March 2024

Đặt vấn đề: Hàm phủ trên mini implant (MI) là một lựa chọn điều trị thay thế cho hàm phủ trên hai implant đường kính thường quy ở những bệnh nhân (BN) lớn tuổi, có nhiều bệnh toàn thân và sống hàm tiêu xương nhiều. Ở Việt Nam, trong khi có nhiều nghiên cứu (NC) về MI, vẫn còn ít các nghiên cứu đánh giá về sự thành công của hàm phủ hàm dưới nâng đỡ trên MI sau thời gian dài. Mục tiêu: Đánh giá hiệu quả của MI nâng đỡ hàm giả toàn phần hàm dưới sau 5 năm trên các khía cạnh: MI, tình trạng phục hình, sự hài lòng của BN, và ghi nhận các biến chứng (nếu có). Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Báo cáo loạt ca trên các BN được điều trị hàm phủ hàm dưới trên MI (trong nghiên cứu của tác giả Lê Thị Phương Lan, 2015). BN được khám lâm sàng, chụp phim quanh chóp vùng có MI và đánh giá về MI (bao gồm độ vững ổn, tình trạng mô mềm, sự tồn tại và mức độ tiêu xương quanh implant), tình trạng hàm phủ (bao gồm độ lưu giữ, độ vững ổn, tình trạng khớp cắn), mức độ hài lòng với hàm giả qua bảng câu hỏi và các biến chứng. Kết quả: Sau 5 năm, mức độ vững ổn của 19 MI kém (10<PTVs < 20). Hơn 80% MI có PlI và GI ở mức độ 2 và 3. Mất xương theo chiều dọc: 3,59 ± 1,25 mm, chiều ngang là 1,2 ± 0,96 mm. Tỷ lệ tồn tại tích luỹ của MI là 78,95%. Hàm giả lưu giữ kém, thấp kích thước dọc, tuy nhiên 100% vững ổn tốt. BN rất hài lòng với hàm giả. Gần 50% các MI bị mòn đầu bi. Kết luận: MI tồn tại trong miệng sau 5 năm, giúp nâng đỡ phục hình toàn hàm hàm dưới. Việc BN kém bảo trì hàm giả, khó khăn trong việc giữ vệ sinh quanh MI là vấn đề cần quan tâm.