bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on the influence of vocabularies used for image indexing in a multilingual retrieval environment
Authors: Ménard Elaine , Arsenault Clément 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe Internet constitutes a vast universe of knowledge and human culture, allowing the dissemination of ideas and information without borders. The Web also became an important media for the diffusion of multilingual resources. Linguistic differences still form a major obstacle to scientific, cultural, and educational exchange. With the ever increasing size of the Web and the availability of more and more documents in various languages, this problem becomes all the more pervasive. Besides this linguistic diversity, a multitude of databases and collections now contain documents in various formats, which may also adversely affect the retrieval process. This paper describes a research project aiming to verify the existing relations between two indexing approaches: (1) traditional image indexing recommending the use of controlled vocabularies or (2) free image indexing using uncontrolled vocabulary, and their respective performance for image retrieval, in a multilingual context. This research compares image retrieval within two contexts: a monolingual context where the language of the query is the same as the indexing language; and a multilingual context where the language of the query is different from the indexing language. This research will indicate if one of these indexing approaches surpasses the other, in terms of effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction of the image searchers.
Information seeking and use by low‐level students
Authors: Chung Jin Soo , Kim Jinmook 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThis paper reports on an exploratory study of information seeking and use in high school students with a low level of information skills and academic competency. Seven students in the 11th grade Remedial Education Program class in American Literature and Composition completed a class project that involved somewhat comprehensive information seeking and use. Data were collected through observation and interview (with students, the teacher, and two library media specialists). All documents each student produced in completing the class project were gathered for data analysis. The preliminary findings of the study indicated that students experienced a great deal of difficulty in the cognitive and affective demands that their tasks required and suggested that technological and instructional mediation would motivate the students' interest in their information seeking and use. The paper concludes with some important implications that can provide a basis for de! signing information literacy instructions for low‐level students.
Integrating controlled vocabularies into cultural heritage digital collections: The Portal to Texas History experience
Authors: Alemneh Daniel Gelaw , Phillips Mark Edward , Belden Dreanna 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe University of North Texas Libraries developed a system for creating and managing a hierarchical controlled vocabulary for use in digital library initiatives. This short paper discusses and provides an overview of the benefits and challenges of integrating controlled vocabularies into cultural heritage digital collections. Specifically, it examines the University of North Texas Libraries' initiatives from a real‐life digital resource management and search implementations viewpoint.
Debating information control in web 2.0: The case of Wikipedia vs. Citizendium
Authors: Sundin Olof , Haider Jutta 
Published: February 2009

AbstractWikipedia is continually being scrutinised for the quality of its content. The question addressed in this paper concerns which notions of information, of collaborative knowledge creation, of authority and of the role of the expert are drawn on when information control in WP is discussed. This is done by focusing on the arguments made in the debates surrounding the launch of Citizendium, a proposed new collaborative online encyclopaedia. While Wikipedia claims not to attribute special status to any of its contributors, Citizendium intends to assign a decision‐making role to subject experts. The empirical material for the present study consists of two online threads available from Slashdot. One, “A Look inside Citizendium”, dates from September, the second one “Co‐Founder Forks Wikipedia” from October 2006. The textual analysis of these documents was carried out through close interpretative reading. Five themes, related to different aspects of information control emerged: 1.information types, 2.information responsibility, 3. information perspectives, 4. information organisation, 5. information provenance & creation. Each theme contains a number of different positions. It was found that these positions not necessarily correspond with the different sides of the argument. Instead, at times the fault lines run through the two camps.
Digital information and communication networks and scientific research substance – An investigation of meteorology
Authors: Shen Yi 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThis poster reports the results of a dissertation study investigating research meteorologists' current usage and evaluation of information and communication technologies (ICT) in performing research tasks and the current relationship between meteorologists' ICT use and two content characteristics of their research outputs – data integration and intra/interdiscipliarity. Suggestions are provided on the improvements of technical, social, political, and educational settings to promote large‐scale date integration and intra‐/interdisciplinary research. The theoretical implications and practical implications from these findings are discussed. The limitations of the current research and suggestions for future research are also presented.
What does a newcomer digital librarian need to know? Exploring information seeking behavior of newcomer digital librarians in academic libraries during organizational entry
Authors: Chiu Ming‐Hsin 
Published: February 2009

AbstractDigital librarianship, as a newly‐created interdisciplinary specialization within librarianship, does not have a strong support for newcomer organizational socialization as the specialization itself is still evolving. This exploratory study, as one part of my dissertation, investigates the organizational socialization processes of newcomer digital librarians in ARL academic libraries. Following the well‐developed procedures of Dervin's Sense‐Making approach, this study focuses on the proactive, user‐centered information seeking practices and processes during organizational entry. Specifically, the study investigates four dimensions of organizational socialization sense‐making, including (1) situation: organizational situations that lead to needs for socialization information seeking; (2) gap: questions and confusions newcomer digital librarians have in situations in which information needs arise; (3) bridge: information seeking tactics that digital librarians use to acquire socialization information; and (4) outcome: positive and negative outcomes of socialization information acquisition.
Usability and effectiveness evaluation of a course‐advising chat bot
Authors: Kim Hyekyung , Ruiz Miguel E , Peterson Lorna 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThis research compares the usability and efficiency of a course‐advising chat bot with menu driven FAQs (frequently asked questions). Based on a survey and user interviews, a text‐based FAQ system was created and compared with a chat bot that was developed to address library and information science (LIS) graduate student course and program related questions. The students conducted tasks with both the chat bot and FAQ systems. The usability and effectiveness of the functionality and user‐interface of both systems is assessed.
What is an event? Domain constraints for temporal analysis of chief complaints and triage notes
Authors: Haas Stephanie W. , Travers Debbie A. , Kramer‐Duffield Jacob 
Published: February 2009

AbstractIn this paper we present preliminary results of a study of events represented in portions of the Emergency Department (ED) patient record. An advantage to working in such a specific domain is that we can use domain knowledge to reveal events that are not explicitly mentioned in the record. In addition, domain assumptions and constraints can be used to identify or clarify temporal characteristics of events, allowing more precise placement on an event timeline.
The geography of virtual questioning: Mapping Florida's Ask‐a‐Librarian service
Authors: Mon Lorri , Bishop Bradley Wade , McClure Charles R. , McGilvray Jessica , Most Linda , Milas Theodore Patrick , Snead John T. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThis study examined virtual questioning in geographic context by using GIS mapping to explore digital reference question‐asking in the 67 counties and school districts served by Florida's statewide consortial “Ask a Librarian” service. Two levels of geographic analysis were used. Locations of online library portals through which users asked their questions were mapped, as well as the locations where users were situated according to their IP addresses while they asked their questions. The geographic data was analyzed in conjunction with users' demographic data (youth/adult and student/non‐student status of questioners), and data on the types of questions that users asked. Results found that users' IP address locations did not always match the geographic locations of library portals which they used in accessing the service, and that some library entry portals attracted more widely geographically dispersed users with different questioning patterns than other portals. Issues in methodology and implications for further geographic studies in digital reference information‐seeking research are discussed.
Models of information organization: A case study
Authors: Normore Lorraine F. , Garrett Michelle 
Published: February 2009

AbstractInformation representation and organization is a field that presents key foundation elements for the field of information science. This case study explores overlaps in the conceptual organization of the field of information organization among textbook, teacher and learner. It relates the lessons learned to the use of a concept mapping technique as a tool for teaching and learning, for structural analysis, and as a model for textbook design.
Tag decay: A view into aging folksonomies
Authors: Russell Terrell 
Published: February 2009

AbstractAs work continues with folksonomies and databases of tag activity grow large and mature, we will begin to run into the problem of staleness across our tag sets. The problem of agedness and increasing irrelevance can be combated with interesting visualizations and necessary new techniques. From the perspective of each of the other two tenets of folksonomy (objects and people) (Vander Wal, 2007), we can look at how tags are being used over time.
Scientific infrastructure design: Information environments and knowledge provinces
Authors: Baker Karen S. , Millerand Florence 
Published: February 2009

AbstractConceptual models and design processes shape the practice of information infrastructure building in the sciences. We consider two distinct perspectives: (i) a cyber view of disintermediation where information technology enables data flow from the ‘field’ and on to the digital doorstep of the general end‐user, and (ii) an intermediated view with bidirectional communications where local participants act as mediators within an information environment. Drawing from the literatures of information systems and science studies, we argue that differences in conceptual models have critical implications for users and their working environments. While the cyber view is receiving a lot of attention in current scientific efforts, highlighting the multiplicity of knowledge provinces with their respective worldviews opens up understandings of sociotechnical design processes and of knowledge work. The concept of a range of knowledge provinces enables description of dynamic configurations with shifting boundaries and supports planning for a diversity of arrangements across the digital landscape.
A preliminary social network analysis of MPACT
Authors: Kim Yong‐Mi 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe dissertation author and committee relationships in the MPACT dataset were modeled as social networks. Exploratory network analysis was performed primarily on the network composed of dissertation advisors and advisees to investigate the utility of structural prestige for measuring mentoring impact. Three prestige measures were investigated: 1) outdegree, 2) output domain, and 3) proximity prestige. All three measures were highly correlated when computed across the entire dataset, but correlation was lower for those scoring in the top 25 of any of the three. Correlation with citation ranking was low for this subset.
Adding context to content: The CENS deployment center
Authors: Mayernik Matthew S. , Wallis Jillian C. , Borgman Christine L. , Pepe Alberto 
Published: February 2009

AbstractScientists and engineers working with embedded networked sensing systems in the environmental sciences are acquiring data at unprecedented rates. Scientific data do not emerge from a vacuum. There is considerable contextual information that surrounds the process of data acquisition that is critical to interpret and analyze data. Current techniques for data sharing involve considerable manual effort to prepare, describe, and transfer this contextual information along with the data itself. This paper reports on a study of the UCLA‐based Center for Embedded Networked Sensing (CENS), an interdisciplinary NSF research center that supports collaborations to develop and implement innovative wireless sensor networks. We report here on the development of the CENS Deployment Center, a database for CENS deployment information. The goals of the CENSDC are to facilitate better deployment organization, and to provide a central location for key information that describes the context of data capture. We also describe our plans within CENS to use a tri‐partite approach to capture and share sensor data resources using technical recommendations currently being developed within the context of the Open Archive Initiative for Object Reuse and Exchange (OAI‐ORE).
Toward Web 2.0 music information retrieval: Utilizing emotion‐based, user‐assigned descriptors
Authors: Lee Hyuk‐Jin , Neal Diane 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThis exploratory, preliminary study seeks to determine whether the use of emotion‐based, user‐assigned descriptors elicited from music information retrieval (MIR) system users could improve access and retrieval for a browsing‐based MIR system within the Web 2.0 environment. We used the Glass Engine, a Web‐based tool designed for exploring Philip Glass' music, as the basis for conceptualizing this study. The Glass Engine allows users to browse several facets of Glass' music via direct manipulation (sliding bars).
Glutamate receptors localize postsynaptically at neuromuscular junctions in mice
Authors: Mays Tessily A. , Sanford Jamie L. , Hanada Toshihiko , Chishti Athar H. , Rafael‐Fortney Jill A. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractDlg (Discs Large) is a multidomain protein that interacts with glutamate receptors and potassium channels at Drosophila neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) and at mammalian central nervous system synapses. Dlg also localizes postsynaptically at cholinergic mammalian NMJs. We show here that α‐amino‐3‐hydroxy‐5‐methylisoxazole‐4‐proprionate (AMPA) receptor subunits, together with glutamate, are present at the mammalian NMJ. Both AMPA and NMDA (N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate) glutamate receptor subunits display overlapping postsynaptic localization patterns with Dlg at all NMJs examined in normal mice. Kir2 potassium channels also localize with Dlg and glutamate receptors at this synapse. Localization of the components of a glutamatergic system suggests novel mechanisms at mammalian neuromuscular synapses. Muscle Nerve 39: 343–349, 2009
Progressive motor unit loss in the G93A mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is unaffected by gender
Authors: Hegedus J. , Putman C. T. , Gordon T. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractWe examined whether there are gender differences in the progressive loss of functional motor units in SOD1G93A transgenic mice. Isometric muscle and motor unit twitch contractions were recorded in fast‐ and slow‐twitch muscles in response to stimulation of the sciatic nerve. Using a modified motor unit number estimation technique (ITS‐MUNE), we found that motor unit numbers declined rapidly from 40 to 90 days of age during the asymptomatic phase of ALS in fast‐ but not slow‐twitch hindlimb muscles of both male and female mice. There was a corresponding decline in twitch and tetanic contractile forces of the fast‐twitch muscles. Gender did not affect the progressive loss of motor units and associated decline in force production. We conclude that gender does not alter progressive, muscle‐specific motor unit loss in ALS, even though gender does influence disease onset. Muscle Nerve 39: 318–327, 2009
Accessory nerve lesion after cervicofacial lift: Clinical and electrodiagnostic evaluations of two cases
Authors: Seror P. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractTwo cases of accessory nerve lesion are reported that occurred within 2.5 weeks and 4.5 weeks, respectively, after surgery for cervicofacial lift. The patients were referred for electrodiagnostic examination because of persistent and unexplained unilateral shoulder pain and disability, 6 and 5 months, respectively, after face lift. In both cases clinical examination revealed severe right‐shoulder weakness related to trapezius palsy, without trapezius muscle atrophy in the first case and with trapezius atrophy in the second. Electrodiagnosis revealed bilateral accessory nerve lesions in the first case and a unilateral lesion in the second case. Recovery for both cases was progressive but delayed, and both were evaluated 11 and 10 months, respectively, after the first evaluation. Clinical and especially electrodiagnostic findings suggested that the accessory nerve lesion was related to conduction block in the first case and severe axonal loss in the second case. Muscle Nerve 39: 400–405, 2009
Response to methotrexate in a chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy patient
Authors: Díaz‐Manera Jordi , Rojas‐García Ricard , Gallardo Eduard , Illa Isabel 
Published: February 2009

AbstractWe report a patient with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy and progressive resistance to standard treatment who showed a striking response to methotrexate, 20 mg/week. The improvement, which started 5 months after initiation of therapy, was consistent and permanent. It allowed the previously wheelchair‐dependent patient to achieve pharmacological remission. The 2‐year follow‐up of this case further illustrates the role that methotrexate may play as a treatment option for CIDP patients. Muscle Nerve 39: 386–388, 2009
A wavelet‐based analysis of surface mechanomyographic signals from the quadriceps femoris
Authors: Beck Travis W. , Housh Terry J. , Fry Andrew C. , Cramer Joel T. , Weir Joseph P. , Schilling Brian K. , Falvo Michael J. , Moore Christopher A. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to use a wavelet analysis designed specifically for surface mechanomyographic (MMG) signals to examine the MMG responses of the vastus lateralis (VL), rectus femoris (RF), and vastus medialis (VM) muscles. Fifteen healthy men [age (mean ± SD): 26.4 ± 6.1 years] volunteered to perform isometric muscle actions of the dominant leg extensors at 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% of the maximum voluntary contraction (MVC). During each muscle action, surface MMG signals were detected from the VL, RF, and VM and processed with the MMG wavelet analysis. The results show that, for the VL and VM muscles, there was compression of the total MMG intensity spectra toward low frequencies for most force levels above 20% MVC. For the RF, however, the peak of the total MMG intensity spectrum occurred at approximately 30–40 HZ for all force levels. Because the VL, RF, and VM are all innervated by the femoral nerve, the discrepancies among the three muscles for total MMG intensity in each wavelet band may have been due to differences in architecture, muscle stiffness, and/or intramuscular pressure. Muscle Nerve 39: 355–363, 2009
Idiopathic adult‐onset nemaline myopathy presenting with isolated respiratory failure
Authors: Whitaker John , Love Seth , Williams Adam Paul , Plummeridge Martin 
Published: February 2009

AbstractIdiopathic adult‐onset nemaline myopathy is a rare condition of unknown etiology that usually presents with proximal weakness. This case study reports a 60‐year‐old woman who presented with isolated type 2 respiratory failure secondary to bilateral hemidiaphragm weakness. A left vastus medialis muscle biopsy examined under light microscopy revealed appearances typical of nemaline myopathy. Electron microscopy confirmed the presence of nemaline rods in most muscle fibers, thus establishing idiopathic adult‐onset nemaline myopathy as the cause of her respiratory failure. Our patient's presentation highlights the importance of considering neuromuscular weakness as a cause of respiratory failure. Unless appropriate tests are performed—including a muscle biopsy, if indicated—specific neuromuscular diseases are easily missed. This can lead to inappropriate counseling and treatment. Muscle Nerve 39: 406–408, 2009
Parameter identification method for determination of elastic modulus of rock based on adjoint equation and blasting wave measurements
Authors: Koizumi Naoto , Kawahara Mutsuto 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to present a parameter identification method to determine the force of a blast and the elastic modulus of the ground using the measurements of a dynamic elastic wave, the adjoint equation method of optimal control theory, and the finite element method. Before the excavation of rocky ground, it is important to estimate the ground properties. In this paper, the elastic modulus is determined as the performance function is minimized using a technique based on the first‐order adjoint method. The performance function is a square sum of the discrepancies between the computed and the observed values of the velocities. After the determination of the magnitude of the blasting force, we can determine the elastic modulus of the rock. As the basic equation to calculate the velocities of dynamic elastic body, elastic equilibrium equations with linear viscosity are employed. The adjoint equation method has been utilized in order to calculate the gradient of the performance function with respect to the parameters. The gradient of the performance function is calculated using the first‐order adjoint equation. The weighted gradient method is applied for minimization. In order to solve the state equations in space and time, the finite element method and the Newmark \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\footskip=0pc\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$\frac{1}{4}$\end{document} method are used. In this paper, we tested the practical application of our proposed method for determination of the elastic modulus of rock at the Ikawa tunnel located in the Tokushima prefecture, Japan. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.