bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“I was already there once”: Cumulative attempt capital of marginalized women exiting substance use and street prostitution contributes to their recovery capital
Authors: Gesser Nili 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDespite a move to view substance use as a disease of the brain, relapse into drugs is still often viewed as a personal failure. Low recovery capital has been used to explain relapse among certain marginalized populations. Recovery capital is a recent framework that refers to the individual's sum of all internal and external assets that may assist in their recovery process. It includes four categories: physical, human, social, and cultural capital. However, this framework does not relate to the role of actual relapses in the recovery process, despite their common occurrence. To bridge this gap, in‐depth interviews with 29 women formerly engaged in substance use and street prostitution in a large urban area were used to probe women about their relapse and recovery experiences. The current study demonstrates the value in repeat recovery setbacks, what I term “cumulative attempt capital”: lessons learned from previous recovery attempts. I argue that previous attempts improve women's social and professional networks, help them learn from past mistakes, improve and maintain their health, and provide them with a sense of self‐efficacy. This research expands our understanding of the positive role failed attempts play in one's recovery. Such reframing by service providers can alleviate a sense of shame and low self‐worth for women in street prostitution and substance use and has implications for policy and program development.
Achieving Exceptional Thermal and Hydrolytic Resistance in Chemically Circular Polyesters via In‐Chain 1,3‐Cyclobutane Rings
Authors: Weng Chaoqun , Ding Zhiqiang , Qiu Weijie , Wang Bin , Tang Xiaoyan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPolyesters, a highly promising class of circular polymers for achieving a closed‐loop sustainable plastic economy, inherently exhibit material stability defects, especially in thermal and hydrolytic instability. Here, we introduce a class of polyesters, P(4R‐BL) (R=Ph, Bu), featuring conformationally rigid 1,3‐cyclobutane rings in the backbone. These polyesters not only exhibit superior thermostability (Td,5%=376–380 °C) but also demonstrate exceptional hydrolytic resistance with good integrity even after 1 year in basic and acidic aqueous solutions, distinguishing themselves from typical counterparts. Tailoring the flexibility of the side group R enables the controlled thermal and mechanical performance of P(4Ph‐BL) and P(4Bu‐BL) to rival durable syndiotactic polystyrene (SPS) and low‐density polyethylene (LDPE), respectively. Significantly, despite their high stability, both polyesters can be effectively depolymerized into pristine monomers, establishing a circular life cycle.
Self‐Powered and Self‐Recoverable Multimodal Force Sensors Based on Trap State and Interfacial Electron Transfer
Authors: Wang Wenjie , Tan Jie , Wang Han , Xiao Hua , Shen Ruichen , Huang Bolong , Yuan Quan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMulti‐dimensional force sensing that combines intensity, location, area and the like could gather a wealth of information from mechanical stimuli. Developing materials with force‐induced optical and electrical dual responses would provide unique opportunities to multi‐dimensional force sensing, with electrical signals quantifying the force amplitude and the luminescence output providing spatial distribution of force. However, the reliance on external power supply and high‐energy excitation source brings significant challenges to the applicability of multi‐dimensional force sensors. Here we reported the mechanical energy‐driven and sunlight‐activated materials with force‐induced dual responses, and investigated the underlying mechanisms of self‐sustainable force sensing. Theoretical analysis and experimental data unraveled that trap‐controlled luminescence and interfacial electron transfer play a major role in force‐induced optical and electrical output. These materials were manufactured into pressure sensor with renewable dual‐mode output for quantifying and visualization of pressures by electrical and optical output, respectively, without power supply and high‐energy irradiation. The quantification of tactile sensation and stimuli localization of mice highlighted the multi‐dimensional sensing ability of the sensor. Overall, this self‐powered pressure sensor with multimodal output provides more modalities of force sensing, poised to change the way that intelligent devices sense with the world.
Kurgan Phenomenon in the Southern Caucasus: Results of an Interdisciplinary Multi‐Method Remote Sensing Survey Along the Kurekçay Valley (Goranboy Province, Western Azerbaijan)
Authors: Ricci Andrea , Jalilov Bakhtiyar , Fiori Stefania , Erkul Ercan , Kneisel Jutta , Fischer Simon , Raese Hendrik , Rabbel Wolfgang 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACTThis paper presents the results of a pilot study that combines findings from satellite remote sensing analyses and an intensive interdisciplinary survey conducted in November 2021 on kurgans along the Kurekçay Valley, in western Azerbaijan. Through the integration of various methods, including historical and contemporary satellite and aerial imagery analysis, topographic mapping and geophysical prospections, this research remotely maps and quantifies the density, size, morphology and distribution of the burial mounds in the area. Unlike previous studies focusing solely on individual burial mounds, this investigation adopts a broader approach by contextualizing the kurgans within their respective landscapes. The results contribute to a deeper understanding of the physical and symbolic aspects and relationships of these structures, providing valuable insights into the enduring burial practices that shaped the funerary traditions of the Southern Caucasus during the 4th and 1st millennium BCE. Furthermore, this approach supports an assessment of the condition of the individual kurgans, thereby opening new perspectives to develop innovative plans to protect these burial mounds and their settings.
A comparison of virtual reality anatomy models to prosections in station‐based anatomy teaching
Authors: Ail Geetika , Freer Frances , Chan Chui Shan , Jones Melissa , Broad John , Canale Gian Paulo , Elston Pedro , Leeney Jessica , Vickerton Paula 
Published: April 2024

AbstractImmersive virtual reality (i‐VR) is a powerful tool that can be used to explore virtual models in three dimensions. It could therefore be a valuable tool to supplement anatomical teaching by providing opportunities to explore spatial anatomical relationships in a virtual environment. However, there is a lack of consensus in the literature as to its effectiveness as a teaching modality when compared to the use of cadaveric material. The aim of our study was to compare the effectiveness of i‐VR in facilitating understanding of different anatomical regions when compared with cadaveric prosections for a cohort of first‐ and second‐year undergraduate medical students. Students (n = 92) enrolled in the MBBS program at Queen Mary University of London undertook an assessment, answering questions using either Oculus i‐VR headsets, the Human Anatomy VR™ application, or prosection materials. Utilizing ANOVA with Sidak's multiple comparison test, we found no significant difference between prosections and i‐VR scores in the abdomen (p = 0.6745), upper limb (p = 0.8557), or lower limb groups (p = 0.9973), suggesting that i‐VR may be a viable alternative to prosections in these regions. However, students scored significantly higher when using prosections when compared to i‐VR for the thoracic region (p < 0.0001). This may be due to a greater need for visuospatial understanding of 3D relationships when viewing anatomical cavities, which is challenged by a virtual environment. Our study supports the use of i‐VR in anatomical teaching but highlights that there is significant variation in the efficacy of this tool for the study of different anatomical regions.
Progress in Electrochemically Empowered C−O Bond Formation: Unveiling the Pathway of Efficient Green Synthesis
Authors: Ghosh Debosmit , Samal Aroop Kumar , Parida Anita , Ikbal Mohammed , Jana Akash , Jana Rathin , Sahu Pradeepta Kumar , Giri Soumen , Samanta Shubhankar 
Published: April 2024

Abstract(C−X) bonds (X=C, N, O) are the main backbone for making different skeleton in the organic synthetic transformations. Among all the sustainable techniques, electro‐organic synthesis for C−X bond formation is the advanced tool as it offers a greener and more cost‐effective approach to chemical reactions by utilizing electrons as reagents. In this review, we want to explore the recent advancements in electrochemical C−O bond formation. The electrochemically driven C−O bond formation represents an emerging and exciting area of research. In this context, electrochemical techniques offers numerous advantages, including higher yields, cost‐efficient production, and simplified work‐up procedures. This method enables the continuous and consistent formation of C−O bonds in molecules, significantly enhancing overall reaction yields. Furthermore, both intramolecular and intermolecular C−O bond forming reaction provided valuable products of O‐containing acyclic/cyclic analogue. Hence, carbonyl (C=O), ether ‐O‐), and ester (‐COOR) functionalization in both cyclic/acyclic analogues have been prepared continuously via this innovative pathway. In this context, we want to discuss one‐decade electrochemical synthetic pathways of various C−O bond contains functional group in chronological manner. This review focused on all the synthetic aspects including mechanistic path and has also mentioned overall critical finding regarding the C−O bond formation via electrochemical pathways.
Zum globalen Erwärmungspotenzial (GWP) von zentrisch belasteten Stützen im Konstruktiven Ingenieurbau
Authors: Krinitzki Christopher , Kaczorowski Marc , Hartz Christian 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDer fortschreitende Klimawandel und die sich daraus verändernden Randbedingungen bezogen auf die Planung von Bauwerken beeinflussen das Bauwesen in seinen wesentlichen Grundsätzen. Ein „Weiter so“ ist mit Blick auf die ausgerufenen Ziele der Bundesregierung hinsichtlich der Klimaneutralität im Jahr 2045 unverantwortlich. Dieser Aufsatz versteht sich als ein Schritt zur notwendigen Sensibilisierung hin zur ökologischen Tragwerksplanung am Beispiel von zentrisch belasteten Stützen im Konstruktiven Ingenieurbau. Es werden die wesentlichen Einflussfaktoren der gewählten Materialien Holz, Stahl und Stahlbeton auf das GWP diskutiert und auf Basis einer funktionalen Äquivalenz verglichen. Ziel der Gegenüberstellung ist es, die Sensitivität einzelner Parameter in Bezug auf das globale Erwärmungspotenzial (GWP) von Stützen zu erfassen und eine ökologischere Tragwerksplanung zu begleiten.
Magnetron Sputtered SnO₂ Layer Combined with NiCo−LDH Nanosheets for High‐Performance All‐Solid‐State Supercapacitors
Authors: Jiang Yi , Hu Hexiang , Xu Ruixiang , Gu Hao , Zhang Limei , Ji Zhengyang , Zhou Jingwei , Liu Ying , Cai Bin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNickel‐cobalt layered double hydroxide (NiCo−LDH) has attracted much attention because of its excellent electrochemical properties and regulability. And it is a potential pseudocapacitive electrode material, which is commonly used in supercapacitors and lithium‐ion batteries. Its application in the field of supercapacitors can improve the energy density, power density and cycle life of devices. However, NiCo−LDH still faces some challenges, such as poor electrical conductivity and the capacity attenuation caused by agglomeration of layered structures, which require further research and optimization. In this paper, SnO2 films were prepared on carbon cloth (CC) by magnetron sputtering method, and Ni−Co LDH nanosheets were grown by hydrothermal reaction to obtain NiCo−LDH@SnO2 composites. Due to the synergistic effect between NiCo−LDH and SnO2, NiCo−LDH@SnO2 composites exhibit high Cs and good cyclic stability. In addition, an all‐solid‐state flexible asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) was assembled with activated carbon (AC) anodes, showing good specific capacitance(Cs) and energy density. And a high initial capacitance can still be retained after 10,000 cycles. This paper shows that NiCo−LDH@SnO2 shows excellent application potential in supercapacitors.
Achieving a Double Advantage Through Design of TiO2/C Interlaced Coating for Si Anode
Authors: Shi Xingwang , Bi Xiangyu , Tang Tianyu , Gu Jiansen , Lu Yangfan , Jing Haosheng , Xu Jiakang , Yang Jingguo , Wang Jun , Zhang Zhiya , Peng Yong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMultifunctional coating strategy shows promising prospective in advancing Si‐based anodes towards practical applications in Li‐ion batteries. Dual coating of amorphous carbon and TiO2 shows demonstrable advantages owing to high elasticity of amorphous carbon and mechanical toughness of TiO2. However, for past design of Si@C@TiO2 composite electrode, wherein C and TiO2 are configured layer‐by‐layer, a long‐standing problem exists as that a thin TiO2 coating is insufficient to stabilize the electrode's architecture while a thick one prevents the core active material of Si far from fully electrochemically utilization due to the too strong structural constraint effect. Herein, it presents that a facial heat treatment of Si@C@TiO2 with thick enough TiO2 can readily avert the problem. Such a strategy promotes the capacity utilization rate from 39% to 61% for the initial cycle and from 43% to 85% after 200 cycles. Model structure of C/TiO2 multilayer films is employed to reveal the role of the heat treatment. It finds that the heat treatment can transform a layer‐by‐layer structure of C@TiO2 into an interlaced structure of C/TiO2 which exhibits a dual advantage in withstanding mechanical strain and simultaneously promoting Li‐ion storage and electron/Li‐ion transport.
Before Mnemosyne: Wilhelmine Cultural History Exhibitions and the Genesis of Warburg's Picture Atlas**
Authors: Vollgraff Matthew 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAby Warburg's Bilderatlas Mnemosyne, left unfinished in 1929, has attracted significant interest in recent decades. This essay offers a new interpretation of Warburg's “picture atlas,” not in relation to modernist collage and photomontage, but as an heir to scientific pedagogical exhibitions of the late Wilhelmine period. It deals in particular with two “public enlightenment” shows curated by the Leipzig medical historian Karl Sudhoff, whose work Warburg admired and employed: the first on with the history of hygiene in Dresden in 1911, the second in Leipzig, three years later, on the development of scientific images. Like Warburg, Sudhoff appreciated artworks and artifacts as sources for the history of science and medicine. His exhibitions consisted of assemblages of photographic reproductions—some of which were provided by Warburg himself—and uncannily anticipate Mnemosyne in both form and content. By examining the exchange of materials and display methods between the two scholars, the article explores how their respective visual projects reflected deeper disagreements over the public role of science, the epistemic power of images, and the persistence of the irrational in the human psyche.
Development of an in situ polymerized artificial layer for dendrite‐free and stable lithium metal batteries
Authors: Lai Junquan , Tan Rui , Jiang Huai , Huang Xinjing , Tian Zhongliang , Hong Bo , Wang Mengran , Li Jie 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSevere lithium dendrite issues bring a significant challenge for the practical application of Li metal anodes. In this study, a scalable spray‐coating method is used to in situ construct an organic/inorganic composite interfacial layer including Li‐Zn alloy and lithium polyacrylate on the surface of lithium metal. The Li‐Zn alloy exhibits favorable lithiophilic and high Li+ diffusion coefficient, whereas highly elastic lithium polyacrylate is a Li+ conductor and provides excellent mechanical properties. Finally, the ZA‐Li||ZA‐Li cell shows stable cycling for over 1800 h with 1 mA cm−2 at 2 h per cycle, which demonstrates a pronounced inhibition of lithium dendrite growth. Based on the above merits, this work would open a new avenue to develop advanced artificial interfacial layer with multiple capabilities for high‐performance lithium metal batteries.
Nα‐Aroyl‐N‐Aryl‐Phenylalanine Amides: A Promising Class of Antimycobacterial Agents Targeting the RNA Polymerase
Authors: Seidel Rüdiger W. , Goddard Richard , Lang Markus , Richter Adrian 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, remains the leading cause of death from a bacterium in the world. The global prevalence of clinically relevant infections with opportunistically pathogenic non‐tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) has also been on the rise. Pharmacological treatment of both TB and NTM infections usually requires prolonged regimens of drug combinations, and is often challenging because of developed or inherent resistance to common antibiotic drugs. Medicinal chemistry efforts are thus needed to improve treatment options and therapeutic outcomes. Nα‐aroyl‐N‐aryl‐phenylalanine amides (AAPs) have been identified as potent antimycobacterial agents that target the RNA polymerase with a low probability of cross resistance to rifamycins, the clinically most important class of antibiotics known to inhibit the bacterial RNA polymerase. In this review, we describe recent developments in the field of AAPs, including synthesis, structural characterization, in vitro microbiological profiling, structure‐activity relationships, physicochemical properties, pharmacokinetics and early cytotoxicity assessment.
Phytochemical Profile, Antioxidant, Enzyme Inhibition, Acute Toxicity, In Silico Molecular Docking and Dynamic Analysis of Apis Mellifera Propolis as Antidiabetic Supplement
Authors: Syaifie Putri Hawa , Ibadillah Delfritama , Jauhar Muhammad Miftah , Reninta Rikania , Ningsih Sri , Ramadhan Donny , Arda Adzani Gaisani , Ningrum Dhecella Winy Cintya , Kaswati Nofa Mardia Ningsih , Rochman Nurul Taufiqu , Mardliyati Etik 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study aims to identify the phytochemical profile of Apis mellifera propolis and explore the potential of its anti‐diabetic activity through inhibition of α‐amylase (α‐AE), α‐glucosidase(α‐GE), as well as novel antidiabetic compounds of propolis. Apis mellifera propolis extract (AMPE) exhibited elevated polyphenol 33.26±0.17 (mg GAE/g) and flavonoid (15.45±0.13 mg RE/g). It also indicated moderate strong antioxidant activity (IC50 793.09±1.94 μg/ml). This study found that AMPE displayed promising α‐AE and α‐GE inhibition through in vitro study. Based on LC–MS/MS screening, 18 unique AMPE compounds were identified, with majorly belonging to anthraquinone and flavonoid compounds. Furthermore, in silico study determined that 8 compounds of AMPE exhibited strong binding to α‐AE that specifically interacted with its catalytic residue of ASP197. Moreover, 2 compounds exhibit potential inhibition of α‐GE, by interacting with crucial amino acids of ARG315, ASP352, and ASP69. Finally, we suggested that 2,7‐Dihydroxy‐1‐(p‐hydroxybenzyl)‐4‐methoxy‐9,10‐dihydrophenanthrene and 3(3‐(3,4‐Dihydroxybenzyl)‐7‐hydroxychroman‐4‐one as novel inhibitors of α‐AE and α‐GE. Notably, these compounds were initially discovered from Apis mellifera propolis in this study. The molecular dynamic analysis confirmed their stable binding with both enzymes over 100 ns simulations. The in vivo acute toxicity assay reveals AMPE as a practically non‐toxic product with an LD50 value of 16,050 mg/kg. Therefore, this propolis may serve as a promising natural product for diabetes mellitus treatment.
Enhancing PET Degrading Enzymes: A Combinatory Approach
Authors: Joho Yvonne , Royan Santana , Caputo Alessandro T. , Newton Sophia , Peat Thomas S. , Newman Janet , Jackson Colin , Ardevol Albert 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPlastic waste has become a substantial environmental issue. A potential strategy to mitigate this problem is to use enzymatic hydrolysis of plastics to depolymerize post‐consumer waste and allow it to be reused. Over the last few decades, the use of enzymatic PET‐degrading enzymes has shown promise as a great solution for creating a circular plastic waste economy. PsPETase from Piscinibacter sakaiensis has been identified as an enzyme with tremendous potential for such applications. But to improve its efficiency, enzyme engineering has been applied aiming at enhancing its thermal stability, enzymatic activity, and ease of production. Here, we combine different strategies such as structure‐based rational design, ancestral sequence reconstruction and machine learning to engineer a more highly active Combi‐PETase variant with a melting temperature of 70 °C and optimal performance at 60 °C. Furthermore, this study demonstrates that these approaches, commonly used in other works of enzyme engineering, are most effective when utilized in combination, enabling the improvement of enzymes for industrial applications.
Reading and Writing the Ubiquitin Code Using Genetic Code Expansion
Authors: Patel Rishi S. , Pannala Nipuni M. , Das Chittaranjan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDeciphering ubiquitin proteoform signaling and its role in disease has been a long‐standing challenge in the field. The effects of ubiquitin modifications, its relation to ubiquitin‐related machineries, and its signaling output has been particularly limited by its reconstitution and means of characterization. Advances in genetic code expansion have contributed towards addressing these challenges by precision incorporation of unnatural amino acids through site selective codon suppression. This review discusses recent advances in studying the ‘writers’, ‘readers’, and ‘erasers’ of the ubiquitin code using genetic code expansion. Highlighting strategies towards genetically encoded protein ubiquitination, ubiquitin phosphorylation, acylation, and finally surveying ubiquitin interactions, we strive to bring attention to this unique approach towards addressing a widespread proteoform problem.
Hemivertebra with pathogenic microdeletion of chromosome 9
Authors: Dorjey Yeshey , Gyeltshen Tashi 
Published: April 2024

Key Clinical MessageHemivertebra is a rare congenital abnormality of the spinal column. Hemivertebra with other structural and cytogenetic abnormalities are reported. The prognosis is favorable with partial hemivertebra and with a single spinal defect as compared to a defect involving full segments and affecting different levels of the spines. The perinatal outcome is obscured when it is associated with other syndromes or cytogenetic abnormality. It is imperative to do serial thorough anatomical ultrasound scanning and to screen for chromosomal abnormality when hemivertebra is detected during pregnancy.
Manufacturing‐X ‐ ein föderales Datenökosystem für Europa
Authors: Marko Angelina 
Published: April 2024

AbstractManufacturing‐X, eine Initiative zur Etablierung eines föderalen Datenökosystems, strebt die Stärkung der Wettbewerbsfähigkeit und Nachhaltigkeit der Industrie an. Leuchtturmprojekte wie Factory‐X und Process‐X konzentrieren sich auf die Einführung digitaler Lösungen in verschiedenen Leitindustrien, um effizientere Prozesse und CO2‐Einsparungen zu ermöglichen. Die Schaffung eines digitalen ökosystems auf Basis offener Standards fördert die langfristige Wettbewerbsfähigkeit der Industrie.