bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nano‐pyrite as a plant hormone regulator: Emulating seed hormopriming
Authors: Kaler Brijesh , Jangir Himanshi , Sarkar Sabyasachi , Sharma Jayprakash , Das Mainak 
Published: April 2024

Abstract‘Pre‐sowing seed priming’ and ‘pre‐transplanting root priming’ are promising strategies to improve agriculture productivity. Farmers, seed production enterprises, and seedling producers constantly search for economic priming agents that help improve yield and crop health. Recently, several nanomaterials have emerged as economical seed and root priming agents, with nanoiron pyrite standing out as a particularly promising molecule. The observed enhancement in germination of nano‐pyrite treated seeds across various plant species indicate a shared underlying mechanism. We conducted evaluations of gibberellic acid (GA) and abscisic acid (ABA) content in red radish and soybean seeds subjected to nano‐pyrite priming revealing a notable increase in the GA: ABA ratio compared to the control group. In addition, mature red radishes cultivated from nano‐pyrite primed seeds exhibited elevated anthocyanin content and a remarkable 25.46% increase in yield. The aqueous pyrite suspension utilised in the process generates trace peroxide, and we propose that this trace peroxide plays a crucial role in orchestrating the increased GA: ABA ratio, anthocyanin content, and crop yield. These results position nano‐pyrite as a plant hormone regulator, effectively mimicking the seed hormo‐priming strategy. Considering the widespread presence of pyrite in the earth's crust, using pyrite as a commercial seed and root priming agent emerges as a potentially sustainable approach to enhance food production.
Maternal folic acid supplementation during pregnancy in association with childhood overweight or obesity
Authors: Hung Chi‐Yen , Lee Hsin‐Ju , Tsai Zhao‐Ting , Huang Shu‐Jung , Huang Hsin‐Yi , Tsai Hui‐Ju , Yao Tsung‐Chieh 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to examine associations of maternal folic acid supplementation (FAS) during pregnancy with childhood overweight or obesity (OWO) or adiposity.MethodsIn a population‐based cohort of 1479 children, maternal FAS during pregnancy was assessed retrospectively by questionnaires. BMI and body fat percentages were measured at a mean age of 6.4 years. Pertinent factors were accounted for in data analyses.ResultsMaternal FAS during pregnancy was negatively associated with OWO (adjusted odds ratio: 0.70; 95% CI: 0.50 to 0.99). There were inverse associations of maternal FAS during pregnancy with BMI z score (β: −0.22; 95% CI: −0.39 to −0.05), whole body fat percentage (β: −1.28; 95% CI: −2.27 to −0.30), trunk fat percentage (β: −1.41; 95% CI: −2.78 to −0.04), and limb fat percentage (β: −1.31; 95% CI: −2.32 to −0.30). Stratified analyses found inverse associations of FAS during pregnancy with OWO, BMI z score, and body fat percentages predominantly among children without breastfeeding and whose parents had a below‐tertiary educational level.ConclusionsThis study provides novel evidence that maternal FAS during pregnancy was significantly associated with a decreased risk of childhood OWO and adiposity, particularly among children with no breastfeeding and lower parental educational level.
Poetic inquiry to explore the relational values of a transforming peat landscape
Authors: Heindorf Claudia , Schüler Stefan , Plieninger Tobias 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Restoring degraded peatlands is a promising strategy for mitigating carbon emissions. Large‐scale landscape transformations, such as rewetting of land used for intensive agriculture, often lead to conflicts. Elicitation of the relational values acting as barriers to landscape transformation may support the resolution or taming of such conflicts.

This study aimed to explore the relational values associated with a transforming peatland site in Northern Germany. We focused on the value of living and non‐living peat landscape elements; cultural heritage values and identities; educational values; spiritual values; recreational values; and sensory, affective and cognitive experiences. Additionally, we sought to understand how past landscape changes have influenced these values.

We conducted interviews with land managers and local residents. Using an art‐based research method, we created six thematic participant‐voiced poems that capture the diverse peatland values.

Subsequent interpretation of these poems revealed three key observations: the importance of multisensory experiences; the significance of specific living elements; and the deep cultural and historical values linked to peat landscapes. Landscape changes impact peat landscape values, potentially weakening bonds between people and the peatland.

Our study indicates that considering the cultural and historical significance of landscapes may prevent conflicts and foster support for peatland restoration. Ensuring the well‐being of those living and working in these areas requires value‐inclusive landscape planning that embraces a broader focus on relational values. This also involves the potential promotion of value shifts. Such an approach may cultivate a more sustainable and inclusive transformation of the landscape.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Synthesis and electrochemical testing of novel doped polyaniline and biomass‐derived carbon‐based composite for supercapacitors
Authors: Patil Pranoti H. , Kulkarni Vidya V. , Mane Aakanksha K. , Dongale Tukaram D. , Jadhav Sushilkumar A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis work reports the synthesis and testing of doped polyaniline (PANI) and Pisum sativum derived activated carbon (PSAC) based composite as efficient electrode material for supercapacitors. The structure, morphology, elemental analysis, and surface area of the materials were studied using x‐ray diffraction analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive x‐rays, Raman spectroscopy, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis. The electrochemical performance of the material was investigated by deposition of it on two different substrates named stainless steel (SS) and stainless‐steel mesh (SS mesh). The PSAC/PANI composite exhibited a specific capacitance of 446 and 517 F g−1 on SS and SS mesh respectively, at the scan rate of 5 mV s−1. The composite material showed higher cyclic stability on SS mesh with 91% capacitance retention after 10,000 cycles at 2 A g−1. It delivered a specific energy of 89 and 101 W h kg−1 on SS and SS mesh at a specific power of 5000 W kg−1, respectively.
An inquiry into the uncertainty mechanism: The influence of the number of layers in multilayered damping materials on composite loss factor
Authors: Qin Wenqiang , Zhang Jie , Li Jiang , Tian Huaan , Zheng Chaofan , Wu Lihua , Guo Shaoyun 
Published: April 2024

AbstractLayered design is an important method for improving the loss factor of damping materials. However, the composite loss factor does not increase with the increase of the number of layers of the damping material. In response to this issue, this paper investigates the mechanism by combining experimental and simulation analyses. First, for the damping material itself, the relationship between the material loss factor and the number of damping layers was studied based on dynamic mechanical analysis. Second, for the composite structure of damping material and substrate, the relationship between the composite loss factor and the number of damping layers of the free damping structure was obtained by the cantilever resonance method, and the influence of material and structure parameters on the composite loss factor was clarified by finite element analysis. Finally, for aiming at the composite structure of damping material with constraint layer and substrate, the mechanism of the influence of the number of layers of layered damping material on the uncertainty of the composite loss factor was further investigated and discussed. The results indicated that for free damping structures, the composite loss factor increases with the increase of the number of damping layers only when the elastic modulus of the damping layer is similar to that of the substrate. For constrained damping structures, only when the constraint layer is relatively thin and has a certain amount of density and modulus, the composite loss factor of the constrained damping structure increases as the number of damping layers increases.Highlights
The mechanism by which the number of layers of damping material affects the composite loss factor has been clarified.
The composite loss factor does not necessarily increase as the number of layers of damping material increases.
The composite loss factor of a free damping structure is mainly influenced by the Young's modulus of the damping layer.
The composite loss factor of constrained damping structures is mainly influenced by the thickness, density, and modulus of the constrained layer.
Molecular Dynamics and Binding Energetics of Fluspirilene With BACE1: Implications for Alzheimer's Disease Intervention
Authors: Bhattacharya Kunal , Bhattacharjee Atanu , Chakraborty Manodeep , Das Dibyajyoti 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACTAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a serious neurodegenerative disorder that results in cognitive deterioration, amnesia, and alterations in behavior, rendering it a significant issue in public health. The pathogenesis involves amyloid plaques highlighting the importance of targeting BACE1. This study explores fluspirilene, a di‐phenyl‐butyl‐piperidine as a potential BACE1 inhibitor for AD treatment. Fluspirilene was analyzed for ADMET. In silico molecular docking assessed fluspirilene's binding affinity with BACE1. Re‐docking a co‐crystallized ligand confirmed the docking process. Molecular dynamics simulations and related multifaceted computational analyses were conducted to assess the stability of docked complexes. Fluspirilene had good physicochemical and pharmacokinetic characteristics according to ADMET profiling. In silico molecular docking showed multiple BACE1 interactions with a binding affinity of −9.2 kcal/mol and fluspirilene–BACE1 complex stability was confirmed by molecular dynamics simulation results. Possible therapeutic applications in lowering Aβ generation and treating AD are indicated by the compound's pharmacokinetics, molecular interactions, and binding energetics. Validation and optimization of experiments are necessary for the clinical development of fluspirilene as a BACE1 inhibitor for AD.
Rechnen mit magnetischen Wirbeln
Authors: Everschor‐Sitte Karin , Msiska Robin , Majumdar Atreya 
Published: April 2024

ZusammenfassungBeim physikalischen Reservoir‐Computing wird die natürliche Dynamik eines Materials für Berechnungen genutzt. Jedes System, das weniger als eine Handvoll Eigenschaften erfüllt, eignet sich als physikalisches Reservoir, dem zentralen Bestandteil eines Reservoir‐Computers. Selbst Wassereimer können so recht komplexe Aufgaben lösen. Besonders interessant sind magnetische Muster auf der Nanoskala. Dazu zählen insbesondere magnetische Wirbel, Skyrmionen, weil diese topologisch stabilisiert werden. Daraus lassen sich energieeffiziente und leicht zu steuernde Reservoirs konstruieren, die mit unserer derzeitigen Computer‐Hardware kompatibel sind. Magnetische Reservoir‐Computer demonstrierten zum Beispiel Spracherkennung und diverse Benchmark‐Probleme mit Bestleistungen.
The experiences of men on active surveillance for prostate cancer and their significant others: A qualitative synthesis
Authors: Hughes Stephanie , Everitt Hazel , Stuart Beth , Band Rebecca 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundActive surveillance (AS) for prostate cancer (PCa) is a monitoring pathway for men with low‐grade, slow growing PCa and aims to delay or avoid active treatment by treating only in the case of disease progression. Experiences of this pathway vary but living with an untreated cancer can have a negative psychological impact on both the patient and their significant other (SO). Literature suggests partners are the primary source of support for men on AS, and therefore it is important to consider SO experiences alongside those of the patient. To the best of our knowledge this is the first UK‐based qualitative review looking specifically at experiences of AS for both men with PCa and their SOs.MethodsMEDLINE (Ovid), EMBASE, PsychINFO, CINAHL and Cochrane Library were searched for literature reporting qualitative experiences of AS for PCa for either men on AS or SOs (or both). 2769 records were identified and screened, with 28 meeting the eligibility criteria. Qualitative data were synthesised and included men on AS (n = 428), and SOs (n = 51).ResultsExperiences of the AS pathway vary but reports of uncertainty and anxiety were present in the accounts of both men on AS and SOs. SOs are intertwined throughout every part of the PCa journey, and couples presented as a unit that were on AS together. Both patients and SOs expressed a need for more support, and highly valued peer support. Despite this finding, men expressed a dislike towards ‘support groups’.ConclusionsIncreased recognition in clinical practice of SO involvement in AS is needed. Further research is required to explore the specific types of support that would be most acceptable to this population to address the unmet support needs uncovered in this review.
‘Just Google it’—A scoping review of online mental health resources for survivors of breast cancer
Authors: Tuckey Natalie , Iasiello Matthew , Corsini Nadia , Koczwara Bogda , Bareham Monique , Wellalagodage Amy , Wardill Hannah R. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveAs the Internet is a ubiquitous resource for information, we aimed to replicate a patient's Google search to identify and assess the quality of online mental health/wellbeing materials available to support women living with or beyond cancer.MethodsA Google search was performed using a key term search strategy including search strings ‘cancer’, ‘wellbeing’, ‘distress’ and ‘resources’ to identify online resources of diverse formats (i.e., factsheet, website, program, course, video, webinar, e‐book, podcast). The quality evaluation scoring tool (QUEST) was used to analyse the quality of health information provided.ResultsThe search strategy resulted in 283 resources, 117 of which met inclusion criteria across four countries: Australia, USA, UK, and Canada. Websites and factsheets were primarily retrieved. The average QUEST score was 10.04 (highest possible score is 28), indicating low quality, with 92.31% of resources lacking references to sources of information.ConclusionsOur data indicated a lack of evidence‐based support resources and engaging information available online for people living with or beyond cancer. The majority of online resources were non‐specific to breast cancer and lacked authorship and attribution.
Multiple pulmonary nodules with diffuse idiopathic pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia and minute pulmonary meningothelial‐like nodules
Authors: Sasada Tsuyoshi , Tachikawa Ryo , Hara Shigeo , Tomii Keisuke 
Published: April 2024

Key messageA 78‐year‐old woman presented with multiple pulmonary nodules, mixed with solid and ground‐glass nodules. We pathologically confirmed that the multiple pulmonary nodules were a combination of diffuse idiopathic pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia (DIPNECH) and multiple pulmonary meningothelial‐like nodules (MPMNs). This is the first case report of concurrent DIPNECH and MPMNs.
Utility of in situ ion‐exchange membranes to assess nutrient availability, productivity, and fertilizer response of coastal Douglas‐fir of the Pacific Northwest
Authors: Littke K. M. , Holub S. M. , Bremer E. , Turnblom E. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDouglas‐fir [Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco] is the predominant forest plantation species in the Pacific Northwest (PNW), with site productivity and fertilizer response influenced by climate and soil variations. This study investigates the utility of in situ 12‐week supply measurements of nitrogen (N), calcium (Ca), and phosphorus (P) to ion‐exchange resins (specifically Plant Root Simulator [PRS] probes) to estimate carbon (C):N ratios, soil nutrient contents (0–1 m), foliar nutrient concentrations, Douglas‐fir productivity (site index and basal area mean annual increment), and fertilizer volume response. PRS nutrient supply rates were correlated with N, Ca, and P soil nutrient contents (0–1 m), C:N ratios, and foliar nutrient concentrations. Low PRS NO3 supply rates (<25 mg N·m−2·burial period−1) were correlated with lower Douglas‐fir productivity and greater fertilizer volume response. PRS NO3 supply rates performed as well as total soil N contents and foliar N concentrations at estimating volume growth response to fertilizer. Twelve weeks after fertilization, PRS NO3, NH4, and Ca supply rates were significantly elevated compared to the unfertilized treatment. This research found that PRS probes were an effective in situ tool and are recommended for understanding N, Ca, and P nutrient availabilities, site productivity, and fertilizer response in Douglas‐fir plantations and for developing fertilizer prescriptions.
Effect of the Photoexcitation Wavelength and Polarization on the Generated Heat by a Nd‐Doped Microspinner at the Microscale
Authors: Ortiz‐Rivero Elisa , González‐Gómez Carlos D. , Rica Raúl A. , Haro‐González Patricia 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThermal control at small scales is critical for studying temperature‐dependent biological systems and microfluidic processes. Concerning this, optical trapping provides a contactless method to remotely study microsized heating sources. This work introduces a birefringent luminescent microparticle of NaLuF4:Nd3+ as a local heater in a liquid system. When optically trapped with a circularly polarized laser beam, the microparticle rotates and heating is induced through multiphonon relaxation of the Nd3+ ions. The temperature increment in the surrounding medium is investigated, reaching a maximum heating of ≈5 °C within a 30 µm radius around the static particle under 51 mW laser excitation at 790 nm. Surprisingly, this study reveals that the particle's rotation minimally affects the temperature distribution, contrary to the intuitive expectation of liquid stirring. The influence of the microparticle rotation on the reduction of heating transfer is analyzed. Numerical simulations confirm that the thermal distribution remains consistent regardless of spinning. Instead, the orientation‐dependence of the luminescence process emerges as a key factor responsible for the reduction in heating. The anisotropy in particle absorption and the lag between the orientation of the particle and the laser polarization angle contribute to this effect. Therefore, caution must be exercised when employing spinning polarization‐dependent luminescent particles for microscale thermal analysis using rotation dynamics.
Nanostructure and Dynamics of Aprotic Ionic Liquids at Graphite Electrodes as a Function of Potential
Authors: Wang Jianan , Li Hua , Warr Gregory G. , Chen Fangfang , Atkin Rob 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAtomic force microscope (AFM) videos reveal the near‐surface nanostructure and dynamics of the ionic liquids (ILs) 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium dicyanamide (BMIM DCA) and 1‐hexyl‐3‐methylimidazolium dicyanamide (HMIM DCA) above highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) electrodes as a function of surface potential. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations reveal the molecular‐level composition of the nanostructures. In combination, AFM and MD show that the near‐surface aggregates form via solvophobic association of the cation alkyl chains at the electrode interface. The diffusion coefficients of interfacial nanostructures are ≈0.01 nm2 s−1 and vary with the cation alkyl chain length and the surface potential. For each IL, the nanostructure diffusion coefficients are similar at open‐circuit potential (OCP) and OCP + 1V, but BMIM DCA moves about twice as fast as HMIM DCA. At negative potentials, the diffusion coefficient decreases for BMIM DCA and increases for HMIM DCA. When the surface potential is switched from negative to positive, a sudden change in the direction of the nanostructure motion is observed for both BMIM DCA and HMIM DCA. No transient dynamics are noted following other potential jumps. This study provides a new fundamental understanding regarding the dynamics of electrochemically stable ILs at electrodes vital for the rational development of IL‐based electrochemical devices.
Emerging Trends in Electron Transport Layer Development for Stable and Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Zang Lele , Zhao Chunhu , Hu Xiaobo , Tao Jiahua , Chen Shaoqiang , Chu Junhao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPerovskite solar cells (PSCs) stand at the forefront of photovoltaic research, with current efficiencies surpassing 26.1%. This review critically examines the role of electron transport materials (ETMs) in enhancing the performance and longevity of PSCs. It presents an integrated overview of recent advancements in ETMs, like TiO2, ZnO, SnO2, fullerenes, non‐fullerene polymers, and small molecules. Critical challenges are regulated grain structure, defect passivation techniques, energy level alignment, and interfacial engineering. Furthermore, the review highlights innovative materials that promise to redefine charge transport in PSCs. A detailed comparison of state‐of‐the‐art ETMs elucidates their effectiveness in different perovskite systems. This review endeavors to inform the strategic enhancement and development of n‐type electron transport layers (ETLs), delineating a pathway toward the realization of PSCs with superior efficiency and stability for potential commercial deployment.
Physicochemical and Morphological Properties of Litchi Seed Starch Oxidized by Different Levels of Sodium Hypochlorite
Authors: Kaur Jashanveer , Gupta Prerna , Borah Anjan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNon‐conventional starch sources have emerged as an interest due to their inherent physicochemical properties similar to conventional starches. This study aimed to enhance the value of non‐conventional litchi seed starch by employing anoxidizing process using different concentrations of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl)(0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, 4.5%). The carbonyl and carboxyl content of oxidized starch was in the range of (0.019 – 0.323%) and (0.044 – 0.425%) showing an increase with the increasing concentration of NaOCl. The native and oxidized starches were further characterized for their functional and structural properties. The amylose content of native starch was 21.52% which was reduced to (19.34 – 13.43%) upon oxidation. The water and oil absorption capacities increased with theoxidation level. The swelling power(g/g) and solubility (g/100g) for native starch were 16.17 and 16.20 and 9.5 and 31.40 for modified starch. The oxidized starch produced clearer pastes. Scanning electron microscopy revealed surface erosion and cavities in oxidized starch granulesat higher concentrations. The oxidized starch showed higher relative crystallinity. FTIR was further used to assess structural changes in starches. Therefore, it can be concluded that oxidation significantly altered the characteristics of litchi seed starch, expanding its potential applications in various industries.