bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A revision of the Zygothrica samoaensis species group (Diptera: Drosophilidae), with division into three species subgroups and description of five new species
Authors: PRIGENT Stéphane R. , TODA Masanori J. 
Published: June 2006

AbstractThis revision deals with the Zygothrica samoaensis species group, which includes 15 species, five of which are described as new to science. Two synonymies are proposed: Z. vietnamensis Grimaldi, 1990, as a junior synonym of Z. flavofinira Takada, 1976, and Z. britannia Grimaldi, 1990, as a junior synonym of Z. malaysiana Grimaldi, 1990. The samoaensis group is divided into three species subgroups: (i) the samoaensis subgroup, consisting of nine species, including a new species, Z. australiaensis sp. nov.; (ii) the fijiana subgroup of Z. fijiana Takada, 1976, and two new species, Z. triscutellaris sp. nov. and Z. bicornigera sp. nov.; and (iii) the leptorostra subgroup of Z. leptorostra Grimaldi, 1990, and two new species, Z. pimacula sp. nov. and Z. quintamaculata sp. nov. Supplementary information on geographic distribution is provided for some species, as well as a key to all species of the samoaensis group. Zygothrica kokodana Grimaldi, 1990, and Z. paleovitta Grimaldi, 1990, have closer affinity with the hirticornis and the quadrivittata species groups, respectively, and so are moved to the corresponding genus Hirtodrosophila.
Eulophine parasitoids of the genus Trichospilus in Indonesia, with the description of two new species (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae)
Authors: UBAIDILLAH Rosichon 
Published: June 2006

AbstractTwo new species of the parasitoid wasp genus Trichospilus (Chalcidoidea: Eulophidae: Eulophinae) are described from Java and Sulawesi, Indonesia. A key to all species of Trichospilus worldwide is provided.
Synopsis of the bee genus Coelioxys Latreille (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) of Japan, with description of a new species
Authors: NAGASE Hirohiko 
Published: June 2006

AbstractJapanese species of the bee genus Coelioxys are reviewed, and 10 species in three subgenera are recognized: C. (Torridapis) fenestrata Smith, 1873, C. (T) ducalisSmith, 1853; C. (Allocoelioxys) formosicola Strand, 1913, C. (Boreocoelioxys) yanonis Matsumura, 1912, C. (B) hiroba Nagase, 2003, C. (B) hosoba Nagase, 2003, C. (B) inermisKirby, 1802, C. (B) alataFoerster, 1853, C. (B) rufescens Lepeletier & Serville, 1825, and C. (B) sakamotorum sp. nov. The lectotype of C. yanonis is designated. Coelioxys suisharyonis Strand, 1913, and C. hakonensisCockerell, 1919, are synonymized with C. yanonis, and C. taiwanensis Cockerell, 1927 is synonymized with C. formosicola. Supplementary descriptions are provided for C. yanonis, C. formosicola, C. hiroba and C. hosoba. Records of host bees are reviewed. A key to Japanese species is presented.
Heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia: An uncommon but serious complication of heparin use in renal replacement therapy
Authors: CHARIF Rawya , DAVENPORT Andrew 
Published: June 2006

AbstractHeparin‐induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is an uncommon but potentially life‐threatening complication of heparin therapy. Hemodialysis and hemofiltration patients are regularly exposed to heparin, which is used for extracorporeal anticoagulation. Type II HIT (HIT‐II) is the rarer immune‐mediated form and is of huge clinical significance. The clinical manifestation of HIT‐II is characteristically with venous and arterial thrombotic events. However, systemic and pulmonary reactions have been reported. Type II HIT is due to antibodies to the heparin‐platelet factor 4 complex, which induce a cascade of events leading to thrombocytopenia and thrombosis. Nowadays, with increasing availability of functional and immunoassay tests for HIT‐associated antibodies, HIT diagnosis can be confirmed more readily. Hence, it is important to rapidly recognize, diagnose, and manage this syndrome early in hemodialysis patients with thrombocytopenia to avoid serious consequences resulting in morbidity and mortality. We report a case of HIT‐II manifesting atypically as a “pseudopulmonary embolus” in a hemodialysis patient and discuss the clinical management of HIT.
The International Quotidian Dialysis Registry: Annual report 2006
Authors: NESRALLAH Gihad E. , SURI Rita S. , ZOLLER Rezső , GARG Amit X. , MOIST Louise M. , LINDSAY Robert M. 
Published: June 2006

AbstractInterest in short daily and nocturnal hemodialysis (HD) regimens continues to grow worldwide. Despite growing optimism that these therapies will afford better patient outcomes over conventional HD, the current literature has not been viewed as sufficiently compelling to affect widespread implementation in most jurisdictions. Before these therapies can gain wider acceptance, larger and more rigorous studies will likely be needed. In June 2004, the Quotidian Dialysis Registry, based at the Lawson Health Research Institute at the University of Western Ontario, Canada, began recruiting patients across North America. By using an Internet‐based data entry platform, patients from various centers worldwide will eventually be recruited, and studied prospectively. This paper constitutes the second annual update on patient and center recruitment, patient and treatment characteristics, and future directions for the registry.
Acute hemolysis with acute renal failure in a patient with valproic acid poisoning treated with charcoal hemoperfusion
Authors: RAHMAN Mohammed H. , HAQQIE Syed S. , McGOLDRICK M. Donald 
Published: June 2006

AbstractHemoperfusion consists of the passage of anticoagulated blood through a column containing adsorbent particles. It was introduced in 1940 and refined from 1950 to 1970, and then introduced clinically for the treatment of acute intoxications between 1970 and 1980. Life‐threatening valproic acid toxicity is an indication for coated charcoal hemoperfusion usually accomplished without complications, but we report a case of acute severe intravascular hemolysis during the time of hemoperfusion with coated charcoal column.
Effect of improvement in anemia on electroneurophysiological markers (P300) of cognitive dysfunction in chronic kidney disease
Authors: SINGH Narinder P. , SAHNI Vaibhav , WADHWA Anshul , GARG Sandeep , BAJAJ Satish K. , KOHLI Rajeev , AGARWAL Satish K. 
Published: June 2006

AbstractOur aim is to study the effect of improvement in anemia on event‐related potentials (ERPs; P300) as markers of cognitive dysfunction in predialysis and dialysis patients of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Thirty anemic patients of CKD (hemoglobin [Hb]<9 g%), 15 in the predialysis group (Group A), and 15 patients on biweekly hemodialysis (Group B) were recruited for the study. Patients of uremic encephalopathy, dyselectrolytemia, and those with hearing problems were excluded. Both groups were given recombinant human erythropoietin (rhuEPO) 100 IU/kg biweekly for 6 weeks by the subcutaneous route. No intervention was performed in the third control group (Group C), which consisted of 30 normal healthy volunteers. The improvement in Hb was assessed every 2 weeks, and the amplitude and latency of the P300 component of the ERPs were studied before initiating treatment and after 6 weeks of rhuEPO administration. There was a significant increase in Hb in both the study groups without any significant alteration in kidney functions. A significant reduction in P300 latency was noted in both the study groups after intervention. Similarly, the amplitude of P300 also increased in both study groups, but attained statistical significance for the dialysis group only. No significant changes were observed in the control group. Administration of EPO in patients of anemia with CKD resulted in a significant improvement in the electrophysiological markers of cognitive function in the form of increased amplitudes and decreased latencies of P300 in both predialysis and dialysis patients.
Quality of life in chronic hemodialysis patients in Russia
Authors: VASILIEVA Irina A. 
Published: June 2006

AbstractThe aim of this cross‐sectional study was to compare health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) of Russian hemodialysis (HD) patients with the general population and international data, and to determine factors influencing HRQOL. One thousand forty‐seven HD patients from 6 dialysis centers were studied (576 male, age 43.5±12.5 years, HD duration 55.0±47.2 months). Health‐related quality of life was evaluated by SF‐36. Self‐appraisal Depression Scale (W. Zung), State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory, and Level of Neurotic Asthenia Scale were used. Hemodialysis patients scored significantly lower than the general Russian population in the majority of SF‐36 scales. The only exception was the Mental Health score, which was even better than the general population. The Mean physical component score (PCS) of HD patients was 36.9±9.7, and the mental component score was (MCS) 44.2±10.5. In multiple linear regression analysis, increasing age, HD duration, depression level and number of days of hospitalization in the past 6 months were significant independent predictors of low PCS along with a low level of serum albumin. Advancing age was also a predictive factor for low MCS along with increase of HD duration, depression level, trait anxiety, and level of asthenia. As far as we know, this is the first study to report on HRQOL of a large sample of Russian HD patients performed using SF‐36. Compared with the general population, Russian HD patients had significantly lower scores on the majority of SF‐36 scales, especially in the physical domain. The mean PCS and MCS were comparable with European data for HD patients. A number of demographic, clinical, and psychological variables affect HRQOL.
Calcium phosphate metabolism and bone mineral density with nocturnal hemodialysis
Authors: TOUSSAINT Nigel , BODDINGTON Janeane , SIMMONDS Rosemary , WALDRON Claire , SOMERVILLE Christine , AGAR John 
Published: June 2006

AbstractAn elevated calcium × phosphate product (Ca × P) is an independent risk factor for vascular calcification and cardiovascular death in dialysis patients. More physiological dialysis in patients undergoing nocturnal hemodialysis (NHD) has been shown to produce biochemical advantages compared with conventional hemodialysis (CHD) including superior phosphate (P) control. Benefits of dialysate with greater calcium (Ca) concentration are also reported in NHD to prevent Ca depletion and subsequent hyperparathyroidism, but there are concerns that a higher dialysate Ca concentration may contribute to raised serum Ca levels and greater Ca × P and vascular disease. The NHD program at our unit has been established for 4 years, and we retrospectively analyzed Ca and P metabolism in patients undergoing NHD (8–9 h/night, 6 nights/week). Our cohort consists of 11 patients, mean age 49.3 years, who had been on NHD for a minimum of 12 months, mean 34.3 months. Commencement was with low‐flux (LF) NHD and 1.5 mmol/L Ca dialysate concentration, with conversion to high‐flux (HF) dialyzers after a period (mean duration 18.7 months). We compared predialysis serum albumin, intact parathyroid hormone, P, total corrected Ca, and Ca × P at baseline on CHD, after conversion to LF NHD and during HF NHD. We also prospectively measured bone mineral density (BMD) on all patients entering the NHD program. Bone densitometry (DEXA) scans were performed at baseline (on CHD) and yearly after commencement of NHD. With the introduction of HF dialyzers, the Ca dialysate concentration was concurrently raised to 1.75 mmol/L after demonstration on DEXA scans of worsening osteopenia. Analysis of BMD, for all parameters, revealed a decrease over the first 12 to 24 months (N=11). When the dialysate Ca bath was increased, the median T and Z scores subsequently increased (data at 3 years, N=6). The mean predialysis P levels were significantly lower on LF NHD vs. CHD (1.51 vs. 1.77 mmol/L, p=0.014), while on HF NHD P was lower again (1.33 mmol/L, p=0.001 vs. CHD). Predialysis Ca levels decreased with conversion from CHD to LF NHD (2.58 vs. 2.47 mmol/L, p=0.018) using a 1.5 mmol/L dialysate Ca concentration. The mean Ca × P on CHD was 4.56 compared with a significant reduction of 3.74 on LF NHD (p=0.006) and 3.28 on HF NHD (p=0.001 vs. CHD), despite the higher dialysate Ca in the latter. We conclude that an elevated dialysate Ca concentration is required to prevent osteopenia. With concerns that prolonged higher Ca levels contribute to increased cardiovascular mortality, the optimal Ca dialysate bath is still unknown. Better P control on NHD, however, reduces the overall Ca × P, despite the increased Ca concentration, therefore reducing the risk of vascular calcification.
Cardiac response to hemodialysis with different cardiovascular tolerance: Heart rate variability and QT interval analysis
Authors: SEVERI Stefano , CIANDRINI Andrea , GRANDI Eleonora , CAVALCANTI Silvio , BINI Stefano , BADIALI Fabio , GATTIANI Andrea , CAGNOLI Leonardo 
Published: June 2006

AbstractA therapy‐specific worsening of cardiovascular stability during bicarbonate dialysis (BD) with respect to acetate‐free biofiltration (AFB) have been previously reported. We further investigated the impact of the 2 therapies on electrocardiographic parameters in order to gain novel insight into the cardiac responses. Holter ECG acquired during hypotension‐free sessions (12 BD+12 AFB) were retrospectively analyzed. R–R intervals were extracted from ECG recordings. An autoregressive spectral technique was used to compute low‐ and high‐frequency (LF and HF) components of heart rate variability (HRV). QT interval duration was measured with a computer‐assisted technique and corrected for HR. In BD the LF component of HRV after an initial increase was slowly depressed with respect to AFB (p<0.05). QT duration showed a significant (p<0.01) hemodialysis‐induced reduction. QT shortening was more pronounced (p<0.05) in BD than in AFB (−31 vs. −10 ms), even after correction for HR (p<0.05). Cardiac electrical activity is significantly affected by the hemodialysis technique. The decrease in the LF component of HRV and the QT shortening are coherent with the worse cardiovascular tolerance observed in BD and with the hypothesis of an enhanced production of endogenous nitric oxide.
Progressive resistance training during hemodialysis: Rationale and method of a randomized‐controlled trial
Authors: CHEEMA Birinder S. B. , O'SULLIVAN Anthony J. , CHAN Maria , PATWARDHAN Aditi , KELLY John , GILLIN Adrian , FIATARONE SINGH Maria A. 
Published: June 2006

AbstractSkeletal muscle wasting in patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis (HD) has been well documented. The rationale for prescribing progressive resistance training (PRT) in this cohort in an attempt to reverse this catabolism and induce a wide spectrum of physiological, functional, and psychological health‐related adaptations is extremely strong. Unfortunately, the barriers to exercise adoption in this cohort are many, which may explain the persisting sedentariness of this population and the lack of widespread clinical programs such as are now commonplace in cardiac rehabilitation and pulmonary rehabilitation units. Current health care practices for HD patients do not address the negative health issues of inactivity and muscle wasting. Therefore, we conducted the first randomized‐controlled trial to prescribe PRT during maintenance HD treatment. The purpose of this paper is to present the rationale and methodology that we utilized for implementing intradialytic PRT in a conventional outpatient HD clinic. Potential areas for modification of PRT regimens in this setting are also presented.
Polymorphisms in Exons 1B and 1C of the Type I Interleukin‐1 Receptor Gene in Patients with Endometriosis
Authors: D'Amora Paulo , Sato Hélio , Girão Manoel JBC , Silva Ismael DCG , Schor Eduardo 
Published: June 2006

Problem  To study possible correlation between the prevalence of polymorphisms in the type I interleukin‐1 receptor gene and pelvic endometriosis.Method of study  Genotypes of 223 women were analyzed: 109 women with surgically and histologically confirmed endometriosis and 114 healthy women. Distributions of two single‐base polymorphisms of the human interleukin‐1 receptor type I (IL‐1RI) gene were evaluated: PstI, due to a C→T transition in exon 1B and BsrBI a C→A transition at position 52 in exon 1C. Polymorphisms were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (RFLP) resolved on 3% agarose gels stained with ethidium bromide.Results  Genotypes for PstI polymorphisms did not differ significantly among control and endometriosis (P = 0.058). However, in relation to BsrBI polymorphism, protective risk was observed for the development of endometriosis [OR 0.39–IC 95% (0.2–0.9)].Conclusions  BsrBI heterozygote genotype (C/A) showed protective effect against endometriosis development.
Determining the physical properties of flax fibre for industrial applications: the influence of agronomic practice
Authors: Norton A.J. , Bennett S.J. , Hughes M. , Dimmock J.P.R.E. , Wright D. , Newman G. , Harris I.M. , Edwards‐Jones G. 
Published: June 2006

AbstractField trials of fibre flax were sown in 2002 and 2003 comprising 29 and 26 flax varieties, respectively. In 2002, two nitrogen treatments of 40 and 80 kg ha−1 were imposed. The trials were sprayed with a desiccating herbicide prior to retting at 35 and 15 days after midpoint of flowering in 2002 and 2003, respectively, and were harvested once retting had completed. Fibre was extracted from the flax stems using a laboratory‐scale scutcher and hackling pins, and long and total fibre yields were determined. The breaking load of flax technical fibres was assessed using a novel technique employing ‘zero twist’ yarns. Fineness was assessed using the Wool Industries Research Association airflow method. The tenacity of a single technical fibre was then derived from the average breaking load of the yarn and knowledge of its fineness. Both flax variety and season were found to contribute to variations in fibre fineness and strength, with the dry season in 2003 leading to less variation across the varieties and much finer fibres. Few of the varieties were found to be stable across seasons, and environmental variation accounted for 96% of the variation in fibre fineness between years, and 69% of the variation in tensile strength and breaking load. Fibre yield was found to be related to fibre fineness, with the coarser fibres corresponding to higher yields. The new yarn test presented herein has been shown to be a valid and useful method for determining the tensile properties of technical flax. The varieties and the sample sizes required to adequately measure variation in fibre properties are discussed.
Ruminant‐mediated Seed Dispersal of an Economically Valuable Tree in Indian Dry Forests1
Authors: Prasad Soumya , Krishnaswamy Jagdish , Chellam Ravi , Goyal Surendra Prakash 
Published: June 2006

ABSTRACTRuminant‐mediated seed dispersal, an understudied process in tropical forests, was examined via Phyllanthus emblica–Axis axis interaction. A captive Axis deer regurgitated intact P. emblica seeds after retaining them in the rumen for 7–27 h. At Rajaji National Park, a considerable fraction (22%) of deer‐regurgitated P. emblica seeds germinated, although lower than unconsumed seeds (72%). The size and strength of seeds like P. emblica might ensure that ruminants regurgitate them intact instead of defecating them.
A strong – correlation in radio pulsars with implications for torque variations
Authors: Urama J. O. , Link B. , Weisberg J. M. 
Published: June 2006

Abstract
We present an analysis of the spin-down parameters for 131 radio pulsars for which has been well determined. These pulsars have characteristic ages ranging from 103 to 108 yr and spin periods in the range 0.4-30 s; nearly equal numbers of pulsars have as have . We find a strong correlation of with , independent of the sign of. We suggest that this trend can be accounted for by small, stochastic deviations in the spin-down torque that are directly proportional (in magnitude) to the spin-down torque.
The escape fraction of ionizing photons from galaxies at z = 0–6
Authors: Inoue Akio K. , Iwata Ikuru , Deharveng Jean-Michel 
Published: June 2006

Abstract
The escape fraction of ionizing photons from galaxies is a crucial quantity controlling the cosmic ionizing background radiation and the reionization. Various estimates of this parameter can be obtained in the redshift range z= 0–6, either from direct observations or from the observed ionizing background intensities. We compare them homogeneously in terms of the observed flux density ratio of ionizing (∼900 Å rest-frame) to non-ionizing ultraviolet (∼1500 Å rest-frame) corrected for the intergalactic absorption. The escape fraction is found to increase by an order of magnitude, from a value less than 0.01 at z ≲ 1 to about 0.1 at z ≳ 4.
Muscle microvascular oxygenation in chronic heart failure: role of nitric oxide availability
Authors: Ferreira L. F. , Hageman K. S. , Hahn S. A. , Williams J. , Padilla D. J. , Poole D. C. , Musch T. I. 
Published: June 2006

AbstractAim:  To test the hypothesis that diminished vascular nitric oxide availability might explain the inability of individuals with chronic heart failure (CHF) to maintain the microvascular PO2’s (PO2mv ∝ O2 delivery‐to‐uptake ratio) seen in healthy animals.Methods:  We superfused sodium nitroprusside (SNP; 300 μm), Krebs–Henseleit (control, CON) and l‐nitro arginine methyl ester (l‐NAME; 1.5 mm) onto the spinotrapezius muscle and measured PO2mv by phosphorescence quenching in female Sprague–Dawley rats (n = 26) at rest and during twitch contractions (1 Hz). Seven rats served as controls (Sham) while CHF was induced by myocardial infarction. CHF rats were grouped as moderate (MOD; n = 15) and severe CHF (SEV; n = 4) according to morphological data and baseline PO2mv.Results:  In contrast to Sham and MOD,l‐NAME did not affect the PO2mv response (dynamics and steady‐state) of SEV when compared with CON. SNP restored the PO2mv profile of SEV to that seen in Sham animals during CON. Specifically, the effect of l‐NAME expressed as Δ(l‐NAME – CON) were: Baseline PO2mv [in mmHg, ΔSham = −7.0 ± 1.6 (P < 0.05); ΔSEV =−1.2 ± 2.1], end‐contractions PO2mv [in mmHg, ΔSham = −5.0 ± 1.0 (P < 0.05); ΔSEV = −2.5 ± 0.5] and time constant of PO2mv decrease [in s, ΔSham = −6.5 ± 3.0 (P < 0.05); ΔSEV = −3.2 ± 1.8].Conclusion:  These data provide the first direct evidence that the pathological profiles of PO2mv associated with severe CHF can be explained, in part, by a diminished vascular NO availability.