bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of radiation therapy for ‘juvenile’ angiofibroma
Authors: Gudea F. , Vega M. , Canals E. , Montserrat J. M. , Valdano J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractJuvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) is a rare benign neoplasm which occurs primarily in male adolescents and is characterized by aggressive local growth. The controversy concerning appropriate treatment for patients with juvenile angiofibroma persists. Radiation therapy and surgical resection have both been reported to be effective to control a high proportion of these tumours. The case reported here demonstrates a locally advanced JNA controlled by radiation therapy.
Chronic sinusitis and the yellow nail syndrome
Authors: Camilieri A. E. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractDiagnosing syndromes that include chronic sinusitis can expedite the management of both conditions. Yellow nail syndrome is usually described as the combination of yellow nails, lymphoedema and often respiratory manifestations such as chronic sinusitis, bronchiectasis and pleural effusions. The pathology responsible for the syndrome is believed to be lymphatic hypoplasia. Diagnosis of yellow nail syndrome is clinical not requiring anyspecialized tests. In the two cases described, the respiratory tract manifestations required the most active investigation and management. The significance of this syndrome to the otolaryngologist is discussed.
Antibiotic/steroid ear drop preparations: a cost-effective approach to their use
Authors: Reilly G. , Skinner D. W. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractOtorrhoea is a common otological complaint reflecting infection in the outer and/;or middle ear. Guidelines as to which antibiotic/;steroid ear drop preparation to use in a treatment regime are few and no studies comparing the different types of preparation are available. This paper reviews the antibiotic/;steroid ear drop preparations used by consultant surgeons and general practitioners and presents a two fold rationale for deciding which preparation to use, based on microbial sensitivity and cost.
Oestrogen and progesterone receptors in acoustic neuroma
Authors: Curley J. W. A. , Ramsden R. T. , Howell A. , Healy K. , Lye R. H. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTissue samples from fourteen consecutive (8 male: 6 female) acoustic neuromas were assayed for hormone receptors using either a monoclonal antibody (MA), dextran coated charcoal (DCC) or isoelectric focusing (IEF) technique.In this series there were no unequivocally positive results, a finding at variance with previously published results.
Uses and complications of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty
Authors: Croft Charles B. , Golding-Wood David G. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractUvulopalatopharygoplasty has become widely performed for chronic snoring and for cases of obstructive sleep apnoea. Unfortunately this operation is not without morbidity and complications. We report our results of a prospective series of 50 patients undergoing uvulopalatopharyngoplasty with a minimum follow-up of one year. Snoring was abolished in 18 (36 per cent) and substantially reduced in the remainder. Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome, identified in 11 patients pre-operatively, was reduced in severity in all but three. Troublesome complications were seen in 18 (36 per cent) patients, namely intermittent velopharyngeal incompetence in five (10 percent), pharyngeal dryness in 11(22 per cent) and loss of taste in five (10 per cent). One patient had nasopharyngeal stenosis requiring correction. A cautious approach to this operation is required with rigorous case selection. The importance of full assessment and careful follow-up should not be underestimated.
Papillary adenocarcinoma of the middle ear
Authors: Robson A. K. , Eveson J. W. , Path F.R.C. , Smith I. M. , Maw A. R. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA case of papillary adenocarcinoma of the middle ear is presented. The patient had an unusually short history of otalgia, aural discharge and facial palsy, and, at presentation the tumour was too large for surgical resection to be a feasible option. The managementof this rare tumour is discussed and the relevant literature reviewed.
Enlarged adenoid and adenoidectomy in adults: Endoscopic approach and histopathological study
Authors: Kamel Reda H. , Ishak Elia A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAdenoid enlargement is uncommon in adults and because examination of the nasopharynx by indirect posterior rhinoscopy is inadequate, many cases of enlarged adenoid in adults are misdiagnosed and accordingly maltreated.This study was conducted on 35 cases of enlarged adenoid aged between 20 and 42 years. The nasal endoscope was utilized to identify the adenoid mass. Adenoidectomy under transnasal endoscopic control was performed and all the excised material was sent for histopathological examination. Adenoidectomy resulted in marked improvement in 94 per cent of cases without major complications. Histopathological examination revealed non-specific inflammatory reaction in 15 cases (43 per cent), pure reactive changes, predominantly follicular hyperplasia, in two cases (6 per cent) and mixed pattern in 18 cases (51 per cent). Endoscopic follow-up for an average 17 months identified recurrence in only two patients. It was concluded that enlarged adenoid tissue in adults has some histopathological differences from that in children and adenoidectomy under transnasal endoscopic control is safe and reliable.
Mandibular involvement in oral cancer
Authors: Bahadur Sudhir 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIt is difficult to predict the tumour invasion into the mandible by oral cancer pre-operatively, and consequently the decision to preserve or sacrifice the mandible is largely individualistic. The present study of 44 cases analyses the reliability of pre-operative parameters to assess mandibular involvement. Clinical, radiological and scintigraphic features have been compared with the detailed histology of the bone. This study confirms the usefulness of superior marginal resections in lesions which are close to but not involving the mandible, as well as for superficial lesions which are actually seen to involve the mandible but their CT and bone scans are negative for tumour invasion.
Non-Hodgkins lymphoma of the head and neck: experience in the Grampian area
Authors: Neilly I. J. , Dawson A. A. , Russell D. , Laing M. R. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe records of 44 cases of non-Hodgkins lymphoma (NHL) presenting to the ear, nose and throat department in the Grampian area from 1980–1988 were examined in relation to site of occurrence, histology, age at presentation, clinical stage, treatment and survival. The median age was 67 years and there was a preponderance of high grade histology, especially in disease affecting the tonsil. Most deaths occurred in the first year; patients with high grade disease and those in stages three and four had a significantly poorer survival during the first year. The site of disease had no influence on survival.
Ototoxicity of cis-platinum and its relationship to eye colour
Authors: Barr-Hamilton R. M. , Matheson L. M. , Keay D. G. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe following hypothesis is presented: that the susceptibility of an individual patient to hearing loss as a result of cis-platinum administration can be predicted on the basis of eye colour. The rationale is that the melanin content of the inner ears is related to that of the eyes; dark eyes contain more melanin than lightcoloured eyes; and melanin causes the accumulation of the ototoxic drug within the inner ear. Hence those with dark eyes will suffer greater damage to the hearing than those with pale eyes. An investigation that confirmed this hypothesis is reported. In addition to cochlear damage there is a significant likelihood of damage to the auditory nerve as a result of the treatment.
Limited CT scanning techniques of the paranasal sinuses
Authors: White Paul S. , Cowan Ian A. , Robertson Malcolm S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractComputerized tomographic (CT) imaging provides detailed information on the paranasal sinuses and is now well established as an alternative to standard radiographs. The planning and safety of surgery to the paranasal sinuses is greatly improved by CT imaging. We describe a new CT protocol comprising a limited coronal and axial scan series, based on ourexperience with the previously described ‘CT Mini-series’.
Pseudolymphoma of the parapharyngeal space
Authors: Kreel Barbara , Rubin John S. , Jaffe Elaine S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA case report of pseudolymphoma of the parapharyngeal space is presented, together with a literature review of pseudolymphoma and management suggestions for such lesions when they occur in the head and neck. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this represents the first case report of pseudolymphoma presenting within the parapharyngeal space. The key to management of these lesions is based on accurate diagnosis, with differentiation of pseudolymphoma from lymphocytic lymphoma, the disease process which it mimics.
The mini-grommet and tympanosclerosis
Authors: Hampal S. , Flood L. M. , Kumar B. U. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractOne hundred and sixteen children with otitis media with effusion underwent myringotomy and insertion of a conventional pattern of Shah grommet in one ear and the much smaller Mini Shah grommet in the other. Close observation post-operatively determined the comparative rate of extrusion, recurrence of effusion, and of onset and degree of tympanosclerosis. At one year review, the Mini Shah shows a significantly earlier extrusion and a greater tendency to recurrence of otitis media with effusion. However, this is compensated by a decreased incidence of tympanosclerosis and reduced severity in those affected. This tends to support the view that shear forces produced by heavier patterns of ventilation tube promote tympanosclerosis.
Neurogenic sarcoma of the sinonasal tract
Authors: Hellquist H. B. , Lundgren J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractFive cases of a rare malignant sinonasal tumour of neurofibromatous nature are described. The term neurogenic sarcoma (or malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour) is advocated instead of malignant schwannoma.The clinicopathological features of this tumour are described, and the differential diagnosis are discussed. The necessity of using immunohistochemistry in the diagnosis of sinonasal tumours of fibromatous nature is emphasized. The clinical management consists of radical surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy. Clinically there seems to be a high-grade and a low-grade type of sinonasal neurogenic sarcoma, however, this could not be distinguished histologically in the present series.
Parenchymal pulmonary endometriosis
Authors: Svendstrup F. , Husby H. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractParenchymal pulmonary endometriosis is an extremely rare but well described condition. We present four new cases, and discuss the examination and treatment of these patients. We conclude that the condition may be underdiagnozed, and that it is a relatively harmless disorder. We propose treatment with progesterone as the first choice of treatment. None of our patients needed surgical treatment.
Prevalence and natural history of otitis media with perforation in Maori school children
Authors: Giles M. , Asher I. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractNew Zealand Maoris are one of five ethnic groups in developed countries known to have a high rate of ear disease, including perforation of the eardrum (CSOM). It is a strongly held belief by otolaryngologists whose practice dates back to the 1960's that the prevalence of CSOM in Maori children is gradually falling. Despite the obvious practical implications this change has not yet been documented.The aim of the study was to compare the prevalence of CSOM in two surveys conducted in 1978 and 1987 of children living in a North Island Maori community. A second aim was to examine the natural history of CSOM in these children.The raw data from the 1978 study were reviewed. Of 134 children aged 4–13,12 had CSOM. In 1987 the same age group yielded 12 children out of 250 with CSOM. The prevalence of CSOM fell from 9 per cent to 4 per cent. The incidence of new perforations in 1987 was 1.3 per cent per child per year. It is concluded there has been a fall in the rate of CSOM, although otitis media remains a significant problem for these children.The probability of a perforation healing was influenced by whether or not the perforation had been observed before: at least 35 per cent of perforations seen for the first time healed, but none of the perforations seen on two occsaions healed spontaneously. It was concluded that perforation of the eardrum can be managed conservatively at first.
Information leaflets in the rhinitis clinic?
Authors: Camilleri A. E. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractFailure to get relief from topical steroid nasal spray is often blamed on poor administration knowledge. In a population of patients referred to the rhinitis clinic who have failed to get relief from topical steroid nasal spray when prescribed by the general practitioner, lack of patient education only accounts for 28 per cent of patient treatment failures and other factors e.g. poor compliance, erroneous diagnosis or severity of rhinitis will be responsible for the rest. Information leaflets are considered to be a good idea by nearly all patients but this study demonstrates that they would only be of therapeutic benefit to a minority of patients.
Prospective study of the complications of endoscopic laryngeal surgery
Authors: Robinson P. M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPatients undergoing 204 endoscopic laryngeal operations were studied prospectively to determine the incidence of complications. Twelve patients were considered to be at high risk of postoperative airway obstruction. Two of these patients had an elective tracheostomy. One required temporary reintubation in the recovery room. No case of respiratory obstruction occurred in a patient not considered to be in the high risk group. Mucosal haemorrhage or oedema was seen on postoperative indirect laryngoscopy in 31 per cent of patients. The commonest abnormality found was mucosal haemorrhage in the oropharynx.
The limited accuracy of bone-conduction audiometry: its significance in medicolegal assessments
Authors: Coles R. R. A. , Lutman M. E. , Robinson D. W. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAccurate bone-conduction testing with masking is always difficult, but for clinical purposes limited accuracy suffices. However, when assessing claimants for compensation, extreme care is needed since even small apparent air-bone gaps are sometimes translated into financial abatement. This paper sets out the stringent test conditions required to achieve adequate precision. It also indicates the inaccuracies inherent in such tests, and recommends procedures for interpreting the significance of bone-conduction thresholds.
Prospective study of the use of vasoconstrictor and saline in septal surgery for infiltration
Authors: Vanniasegaram I 
Published: November 2007

AbstractVasoconstrictor agents are often used to reduce bleeding and hence improvethe operative field in surgery. These agents are potentially dangerous. A trial was undertaken to compare the use of adrenaline 1:80,000 with saline alone as an infiltrating agent in 30 consecutive patients undergoing septoplasty under general anaesthesia. This study, based on a small number of patients can draw no firm conclusions. There are no really dramatic differences between 1:80,000 adrenaline and saline, in terms of blood loss, operative time and the condition of the operative field between the two groups. However, there is a possibility that there are substantial differences, which, because of the variability of these outcomes, could not be detected in a study as small as this. It is recommended that a randomized trial involving patients is used to answer the question.
Mast cell numbers in the mucosa of the inferior turbinate in patients with perennial allergic rhinitis: a light microscopic study
Authors: Drake-Lee A. B. , Moriarty B. , Smallman Lesley A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe number of mast cells in the inferior turbinate from patients with perennial allergy due to house dust mite were compared with ten normal controls. Ten random high powered fields were counted in the epithelium and the submucosa in samples which had been divided into two and fixed either in aqueous formaim or Carnoy's fixative. The sections from each block were stained with either Azure A or Chloroacetate esterase technique. No statistical differences were found. The lack of increase in mast cell numbers was attributed to degranulation since numbers have been shown to be increased in perennial allergy when sections are examined ultrastructurally.
Management of peritonsillar abscess
Authors: Maharaj D. , Rajah V. , Hemsley S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA prospective, randomized clinical trial was conducted on 60 patients with confirmed peritonsillar abscess to: (1) compare the safety and efficacy of permucosal needle aspiration with that of incision and drainage; (2) assess whether admission to hospital and treatment with intravenous antibiotics is necessary; (3) culture the pus obtained, in order to decide on a rational antibiotic regime.Of the 60 patients, 30 were randomized to the needle aspiration group, and 30 to the incision and drainage group. The initial success rate was 87 per cent (26 of 30 patients) with needle aspiration, and 90 per cent (27 of 30 patients) with incision and drainage. Two patients required hospital admission, for rehydration and intravenous antibiotics. The commonest organisms cultured were streptococci (62 per cent); 97 per cent of all patients responded to penicillin. This study indicates that most patients with peritonsillar abscess may successfully and safely be treated by permucosal needle aspiration, and oral penicillin, on an outpatient basis.
Retrograde intubation of the trachea
Authors: Stern Yoram , Spitzer Thomas 
Published: November 2007

AbstractSuccessful intubation can be accomplished in the majority of patients via direct laryngoscopy. However, situations frequently arise in which simple orotracheal intubation is contraindicated or impossible. In these situations retrograde tracheal intubation may be of particular use. This technique has been performed by novice physicians in cadavers, without difficulty or major complications. It has proved to be a quick, efficient and simple method to establish an endotracheal airway and should be a valuable adjunct for airway control.
Nasopharynggeal carcinoma with spinal secondaries
Authors: Elango S. , Kareem B. A. , Chandrasekaran S. , Azman N. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractNasopharyngeal carcinoma hs been reported to have a higher incidence of distant metastases as compared to other head and neck cancers. Distant metastases of nasopharyngeal catcinoma has been reported in the bones, lungs, liver, distant lymph nodes, brain and porta hepatis. This report presents a case of nasopharyngeal carcinoma with secondaries in the extradural space at the thoracic level of the spinal cord which hitherto has been an unreported site.
Ultrastructure of nasal mast cells in normal subjects and patients with perennial allergic rhinitis
Authors: Drake-Lee A. B. , Price Jaqueline 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe ultrastructure of mast cells from the nine normal inferior turbinates were compared with those found in eight patients with perennial allergic rhinitis due to house dust mite allergy. Forty-six mast cells from normal patients were found in forty blocks and eighty cells were found in thirty-three blocks in patients with perennial allergy suggesting an increase of mast cell numbers in perennial allergy. There were no basophils outside the blood vessels and whole mast cells were found only in the submucosa. There was no difference in the morphology of cells of different sizes. Mast cells were more degranulated in the allergic mucosa. Degranulation, irrespective of cell size was found at all depths of the mucosa. A review of the literature covered thein vivoandin vitrodescriptions of the ultrastructural morphology of human mast cells in the respiratory tract.
An unusual oronasal foreign body
Authors: Harun S. , Montgomery P. , Ajulo S. O. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAn unusual case of oronasal foreign body in a child is reported. A plain lateral X-ray of the head was carried out to show the shape and position of the foreign body; it was also useful in planning removal.Ribbon gauze impregnated with vaseline was packed around the sharp end of the metal in the nostril to protect the nasal mucosa from further trauma while removing it. We recommend this technique.
Studies on mucocoeles of the ethmoid and sphenoid sinuses: Analysis of 47 cases
Authors: Moriyama Hiroshi , Nakajima Tsuneya , Honda Yoshio 
Published: November 2007

AbstractForty-seven mucocoeles of the ethmoid and/or sphenoid sinuses (33 males, 14 females) were operated on during the 10-years period from 1980 through 1989. Thirty-seven cases were post-operative mucocoele, while the remaining 10 were so-called primary mucocoeles. None of the cases had a history of facial trauma. In the majority of post-operative cases, the mucocoele develops 15–24 years after initial surgery. Paranasal sinus surgery in young patients (teenagers) may lead to a mucocoele due to post-operative scarring in the surgical wound. The principal symptoms include globe displacement, double vision, headache, deep orbital pain, a mass in the supero-medial quadrant of the orbit, visual disturbance, etc. Sufficient opening of the mucocoele wall by the endonasal approach is recommended for surgical treatment of ethmoidal and sphenoidal mucocoeles
Pre-operative nasal preparation—nasal packing and spraying compared
Authors: Sharma R. K. , Paulose K. O. , Al-Khalifa Salman , Shenoy P. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractFifty patients were included in a single blind study to evaluate the effectiveness of ephedrine-naphazoline (0.5 and 0.125 per cent respectively) nasal spray as against nasal packing with lignocaine (4 per cent) and adrenaline solution (1:50,000).
Ventilatory monitoring during microlaryngeal surgery using jet insufflation anaesthesia
Authors: Drysdale A. J. , Fawcett W. J. , Hollway T. E. , Moore-Gillon V. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe describe a method for continuous measurement of end-tidal carbon dioxide concentration during jet insufflation anaesthesia for microlaryngeal surgery. This increases the safety of the technique by allowing closer monitoring of inspired and expired gases during anaesthesia
Bacterial attachmentin vivoto epithelial cells of the nasopharynx during otitis media with effusion
Authors: Stenfors Lars-Eric , Räisänen Simo 
Published: November 2007

AbstractEpithelial cells were obtained by swabbing the posterior wall of the nasopharynx (NPH) of 15 patients (age one to 6 8/12; years; eight males, seven females) undergoing ENT-surgery under general anaesthesia for otitis media with effusion (OME). Individually matched, ear healthy children served as controls. Bacteria attached to the non-ciliated cells were calculated according to a method described. Furthermore, quantitative and qualitative bacteriological analyses were performed on samples obtained from mucoid middle ear effusion material as well as from the NPH. All patients and controls harboured middle ear pathogens (S. pneumoniae,H. influenzae,B. catarrhalis, orS. aureus) in the NPH. Only 33 per cent of the patients harboured middle ear pathogens in the middle ear effusion and the same pathogen was invariably found in the corresponding NPH Attachment of bacteria to the non-ciliated cells of the NPH diminished significantly with growing age in the ear healthy control group but not in the OME group. OME is closely correlated tothe presence of middle ear pathogens in the NPH and to attachment of bacteria to the epithelial cells in the NPH.