bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hemicorporectomy: A collective review
Authors: Ferrara Bernard E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHemicorporectomy or translumbar amputation has been described as the most revolutionary of all operative procedures. Frederick E. Kredel, who first voiced the concept of the operation in 1950, referred to it as halfectomy. Demonstration of his cadaver studies established the feasibility of the operation. Amputation is effected through the lower lumbar area of the body. Necessary life functions are preserved in the upper torso.Kredel envisioned hemicorporectomy as a curative operation for locally advanced cancer, limited to the pelvis, not encompassable by standard operative intervention. Additional indications are intractable decubitus ulcers with malignant change, particularly in paraplegics; pelvic organs, and bone infection with nonhealing fistulae; and crushing trauma to the pelvis.The first hemicorporectomy operation was reported in 1960. Thirty‐four operations have been recorded in the world literature. Two heretofore unreported cases are added, raising the total to 36. Review of these 36 cases confirms the conviction that hemicorporectomy is a humane and ethical alternative to the suffering encumbered by advancing, painful, malodorous malignant disease not treatable by conventional means.While cure rates are not substantial, the best results are reported in paraplegics with intractable decubitus ulcers with or without malignancy. Rehabilitation is prolonged and costly. Most survivors have been restored to preoperative occupations or other gainful employment.
Adjuvant, specific, active immunotherapy for resectable squamous cell lung carcinoma: A 5‐year survival analysis
Authors: Takita Hiroshi , Hollinshead Ariel C. , Adler Richard H. , Bhayana Joginder , Ramundo Michael , Moskowitz Robert , Rao UMA N. M. , Raman Sankaranarayanan 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn 1976 Stewart et al. (Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences277:436–466) reported the effectiveness of adjuvant specific active immunotherapy of lung carcinoma in improving the postoperative survival of stage I lung carcinoma patients in a phase II study using lung carcinoma‐associated antigen (TAA) and complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA). A phase III study was then designed by the authors to see the effects of specific active immunotherapy compared to the conventional management (no treatment) and to nonspecific immunotherapy.From 1976 to 1981, 85 patients with resectable (stages I and II) squamous cell lung carcinoma were entered into a randomized study: 1) control group; 2) specific immunotherapy group–three monthly doses of 500 μg of TAA emulsified with CFA; 3) nonspecific immunotherapy group—three monthly doses of CFA emulsified in saline. All the patients in the study received skin tests with 100 μg of the same TAA used for the immunotherapy.Recently, a 5‐year follow‐up of all the patients became available: The life table 5‐year survival of group 1 was 34%, of group 2 was 75%, and of group 3 was 53%. The median survivals for the three groups were group 1, 38 months; group 2, 106 months; and group 3, 71 months. The difference was significant atP=.007 (Cox‐Mantel test).
Postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy in non‐small cell lung cancer: Prognostic value of DNA ploidy and postrecurrent survival
Authors: Ichinose Yukito , Hara Nobuyuki , Ohta Mitsuo , Motohiro Akira , Kuda Tomoharu , Aso Hiroshi 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEighty‐six patients with non‐small cell lung cancer who underwent curative operations were postoperatively randomized to control and adjuvant chemotherapy groups. In the adjuvant chemotherapy group, patients received cisplatin‐based combination chemotherapy 3 or 4 weeks after operation and the average cycle of chemotherapy was 2.3 (from 1 to 6 cycles). In this trial, no evidence of improved survival or delayed recurrence was seen in the treated patients. In multivariate analysis of prognostic variables, the most important factor was the pathological stage of the disease and, second, DNA ploidy of the primary tumor. Although histology (squamous vs. non‐squamous cell carcinoma) had a trend to influence the survival, it was not a significant factor. A total of 33 patients had recurrences: 17 and 16 patients were in control and adjuvant chemotherapy groups, respectively. Postrecurrent survival in the adjuvant chemotherapy group was significantly shorter than that in the control group, as determined by the generalized Wilcoxon and log rank tests. Median survival time after recurrence in the control and adjuvant therapy groups was 18.5 and 7.5 months, respectively. These results suggest that DNA ploidy of primary tumors should be considered as a prognostic factor in future trials of adjuvant therapy. Furthermore, analysis of postrecurrent survival in the adjuvant chemotherapy trial, as well as that of overall and disease‐free survivals should be done.
Leukocyte alkaline phosphatase score in patients with cerebrovascular disease and in patients with primary and metastatic brain tumors
Authors: Walach Natalio , Guterman Amiram , Rabinowitz Haim , Kaufman Suzana , Habot Beni 
Published: February 2007

AbstractLeukocyte alkaline phosphatase (LAP) activity in peripheral blood was determined in 54 patients with cerebrovascular disease (CVD), 11 patients with primary brain tumor, and 23 patients with metastatic brain tumor. The LAP score of the primary brain tumor patients (155 ± 40) was significantly higher (P<0.03) than the LAP score for cerebrovascular disease patients (96 ± 87). The LAP score levels of the metastatic brain tumor patients (251 ± 55) was significantly higher as compared with both the cerebrovascular disease (P<0.001) and primary brain tumor groups (P<0.001). The LAP score could serve as an additional, although non‐specific, marker to assist in the differentiation between cerebrovascular disease and brain tumors.
Granular cell neoplasm of the extrahepatic biliary tree: Morphological, ultrastructural, and immunohistochemical study and review of the literature
Authors: Lafreniere Rene , Demetrick Douglas J. , Benediktsson Hallgrimmur 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA recent case of a biliary granular cell tumor of the cystic duct prompted a literature review and an extensive pathological examination of the tumor in question. A total of 44 cases have been described mostly in black females. Most cases present with biliary symptoms, and simple surgical resection allows complete control of this benign condition. Granular cell tumors are most likely derived from neural crest cells.
Bilateral malignant phyllodes tumours
Authors: Ball ADRIAN B. S. , Fisher Cyril 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe report a rare example of bilateral primary malignant phyllodes tumours. The diagnosis was supported by the identification of a benign epithelial element in each lesion. The case illustrates the typical dimorphic features of malignant phyllodes tumours. A contralateral tumour should not be regarded as metastatic without histological confirmation.
Expression of HLA‐DR and secretory component antigens and lymphocyte infiltration in human gastric nonmalignant and malignant tissues: An immunohistochemical study
Authors: Hirozane Noburo , Tanaka Kanji , Nakane Yasushi , Yamamura Manabu , Hioki Koshirou , Nagura Hiroshi , Yamamoto Masakatsu 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe relation between HLA‐DR and secretory component (SC) expression and the degree of lymphocyte infiltration was immunohistochemically examined in human gastric mucosa with or without intestinal metaplasia and gastric carcinoma tissues. Gastric mucosa without obvious inflammation showed neither expression of HLA‐DR or SC nor remarkable lymphoid infiltration. In contrast, gastric mucosa with chronic inflammation, tissues with incomplete type of intestinal metaplasia, and carcinoma demonstrated both HLA‐DR and SC in almost the same area and also prominent lymphoid infiltration in the surrounding stroma. This simultaneous expression of HLA‐DR and SC was not observed in complete type of intestinal metaplasia. The results indicate a close relationship between expression of HLA‐DR and SC and the presence of lymphocyte infiltration in gastric mucosa, areas of incomplete type of intestinal metaplasia and in gastric carcinomas.
Squamous carcinoma of the distal esophagus: A survival study
Authors: Harvey James C. , Kagan A. Robert , Frankl Harold , Davidson William , Rosenbaum D. , Fleischman Erik H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA survival study for squamous carcinomas of the distal esophagus treated by the Southern California Permanente Medical Group in the interval of 1954 to 1988 was undertaken. We found radiation therapy and surgery equally efficacious in terms of cure for patients without distant disease and performance status sufficient to tolerate treatment. We did not find survival benefit for patients treated with palliative surgery, and plan less invasive endoscopic means along with chemotherapy and radiation for palliation, reserving surgery for special circumstances.
Results of multiple pulmonary resections for metastatic osteogenic sarcoma after two decades
Authors: Beattie Edward J. , Harvey James C. , Marcove Ralph , Martini Nael 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA 20‐year follow‐up of children who had complete resection of pulmonary metastases from osteogenic sarcoma of the extremities was undertaken. Four of six 10‐year survivors survived more than 19 years even with multiple metastases and as many as nine thoracotomies. Fifty percent of the 10‐year survivors developed second primary cancers during the second decade of follow‐up.
Effect of selective elimination of the oral flora on mucositis in irradiated head and neck cancer patients
Authors: Spijkervet Fred K. L. , Van Saene Hendrik K. F. , Van Saene Joris J. M. , Panders Arend K. , Vermey Albert , Mehta Dinesz M. , Fidler Vasek 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRecently it has been reported that chlorhexidine 0.1 % rinsing was not successful in eradication of gram‐negative bacilli in patients who have head and neck cancer. These bacilli could play a role in irradiation mucositis. This study reports the effect of lozenges containing 2 mg polymyxin E, 1.8 mg tobramycin, and 10 mg amphotericin B qid on the oropharyngeal flora in 15 irradiated head and neck cancer patients. The results were compared with those of a previous study in two groups of 15 patients comparing chlorhexidine rinsing with placebo. In all patients using lozenges, eradication of gram‐negative bacilli and yeasts was achieved within 3 weeks. A significant increase of enterococci was found. Mucositis was significantly reduced compared with the previous two groups. All patients showed erythema only, whereas 80% of both the placebo and chlorhexidine rinsing patients suffered from severe mucositis, with signs of pseudomembranes developing from the third week of conventional irradiation protocol. The effect of selective elimination of gram‐negative bacilli from the oropharynx and the prevention of severe mucositis may be explained by the eradication of these bacteria and/or neutralization of salivary endotoxin, released by gram‐negative bacilli, mediating the inflammatory processes.
Serum trace elements and Cu/Zn ratio in breast cancer patients
Authors: Gupta Sanjeev K. , Shukla Vijay K. , Vaidya Madho P. , Roy Salil K. , Gupta Saroj 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSerum copper, zinc, and the Cu/Zn ratio were measured in 55 patients with breast disease (20 with benign breast diseases and 35 patients with breast cancer) and 30 controls. The mean serum copper levels were higher in breast cancer than in benign breast diseases (167.3 μg/dl) vs. 117.6 μg/dl) (P<).001) and controls (167.3 μg/dl vs. 98.8 μg/dl) (P<0.001). Patients with advanced breast cancer had higher serum copper levels than did patients with early breast cancer (177.9 μg/dl vs. 130.4 μg/dl) (P <0.001). The mean serum zinc levels were lowered only in patients with advanced breast cancer as compared with controls (88.6 μg/dl vs. 115.1 μg/dl) (P < 0.001). Serum zinc levels were not decreased in patients with early breast cancer and benign breast diseases. The Cu/Zn ratio was increased in breast cancer patients (1.91 vs. 0.86) (P < 0.001) but not in patients with benign breast diseases. The precise mechanisms responsible for the alterations in trace element levels in breast cancer patients are still unclear and require further evaluation. However, the serum copper levels and the Cu/Zn ratio may be used as biochemical markers in these patients.
Mixed mesodermal tumours of the ureter
Authors: Kini Usha , Shariff Shameem , Thomas John A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis report is of a 78 year‐old male with a mixed mesodermal tumour of the left ureter.A comparison of all reported patients with such neoplasms has been made in the discussion, in an attempt at characterization of this neoplasm.
Biliary and pancreatic metastases of breast carcinoma: Is surgical palliation indicated?
Authors: Pappo Itzhak , Feigin Elad , Uziely Beatrice , Amir Gail 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObstructive jaundice developed in a patient concomitantly with the diagnosis of breast carcinoma. Abdominal exploration disclosed a metastatic tumor in the head of the pancreas, the distal bile duct, and the gallbladder. A cholecystectomy and choledochojejunostomy were performed and later, because of intestinal obstruction, the patient underwent gastrojejunostomy. Pathological examination demonstrated metastatic lobular carcinoma of breast with strongly positive staining for estradiol. Additional hormonal therapy has been given to the patient since the operation. The patient is alive 16 months after the diagnosis of her disease.This case suggests that a vigorous diagnostic approach should be adopted in every jaundiced patient with metastatic breast cancer in order to exclude causes of jaundice other than diffuse metastatic involvement of the liver. Patients with extrahepatic biliary metastasis should be treated by aggressive surgical treatment, combined with systemic therapy which can offer them significant palliation and better survival.
Analysis of iodine‐125 interstitial therapy in the treatment of localized carcinoma of the prostate
Authors: Comella Leonard G. , Steinberg Seth M. , Ellison Mark F. , Reeves Woodrow W. , Flanigan Robert C. , McRoberts J. William 
Published: February 2007

AbstractDefinitive treatment of localized carcinoma of the prostate has included radical surgery, external beam radiation therapy, and interstitial radiation therapy. The interstitial agent most commonly used is Iodine‐125. Forty‐eight patients were treated with interstitial radiation therapy using Iodine‐125 implants with a median follow‐up of 55 months. Forty‐three percent of the evaluable patients had progressive disease with approximately 50% progressing at 5 years by Kaplan‐Meier analysis. Overall actuarial survival in the group was 80% at 5 years. This and several other studies suggest that control of prostate cancer with Iodine‐125 seeds may be suboptimal as compared with other treatment modalities, especially the radical retropubic prostatectomy. Analysis of treatment parameters is presented along with a discussion of the current status and future prospects for treatment of localized carcinoma of the prostate with interstitial radiation therapy.
Chordoma: A 20‐year clinicopathologic review of the experience at groote schuur hospital, Cape Town
Authors: Chetty Runjan , Levin C. Victor , Kalan Manhar R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEighteen chordomas (11 females and 7 males) were seen over a 20‐year period; 61% of the tumors occurred in the sphenoid region. The youngest patient was 3 years old and had a family history of chordoma. Histologically, the tumors were divided into classical (epithelial) and chondroid variants, which in this series, had no effect on outcome. Follow‐up on 12 patients ranged from 3 to 170 months, and they were treated with various combinations of surgery and radiotherapy. One patient was administered the neutron beam and died after 94 months. The mean survival of this series is 73.4 months, with a survival rate of 50% (6 out of 12 patients alive). Surgical resection offers the best chance of survival, but chordomas have a propensity to metastasize, hence have a poor prognosis.
Primary renal lymphoma
Authors: Harris Gary J. , Lager Donna J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractLymphoma arising in the kidney is rare. Although 31 cases have been reported in the literature, it is likely that most of these neoplasms do not arise in the kidney. This report describes two cases of primary renal lymphoma and compares their clinical presentation, diagnostic modalities, treatment, and survival with the previously reported patients who satisfied our criteria for the diagnosis of primary renal lymphoma.
Prognostic significance of the number of metastatic lymph nodes in patients with gastric cancer
Authors: Makino Masato , Moriwaki Seiji , Yonekawa Masao , Oota Michio , Kimura Osamu , Kaibara Nobuaki 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTo confirm the prognostic significance of the number of the metastatic lymph nodes (MLN) in cases of gastric cancer, the results of surgical treatment of 668 patients with primary gastric cancer were analyzed retrospectively. Five‐year survival rates were calculated with reference to the number of MLN, namely, none (89.2%), one to three (77.4%), four to six (55.8%), and seven or more (36.2%). Furthermore, even when the cancer had invaded the serosa, 5‐year survival was significantly more frequent in patients with one to three MLN (71.7%) than in those with four to six (35.5%) or more than six (31.5%) (P < 0.01), and the 5‐year survival was close to that of patients with no MLN (70.5%). Not only qualitative but also quantitative evaluation of lymph node metastasis is essential for estimating the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer.
Cytoreduction and sequential resection: A hope for unresectable primary liver cancer
Authors: Tang Zhao‐You , Yu Ye‐Qin , Zhou Xin‐Da , Ma Zeng‐Chen , Lu Ji‐Zhen , Liu Kang‐Da , Lin Zhi‐Ying , Yang Bing‐Hui , Fan Zhen , Hou Zhen , Zhang Ming 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFor decades, unresectable primary liver cancer (PLC) determined by operation was incurable. However, a retrospective study of 24 years' materials with unresectable PLC indicated that 5‐year survival of unresectable PLC has increased from 0% in 1966‐1977 (n = 137) to 16.9% in 1978‐1989 (n = 345). This encouraging improvement was mainly a result of cytoreduction therapy followed by sequential resection. Multimodality combination treatment with hepatic artery ligation, plus hepatic artery infusion with chemotherapy, plus radioimmunotherapy (or radiotherapy) yielded the highest sequential resection rate (30.6%) and 5‐year survival (28.0%) as compared with double combination and single modality treatment. The 5‐year survival of 33 patients receiving sequential resection after cytoreduction therapy was 63.2%. It is suggested that cytoreduction and sequential resection might offer a hope for surgically verified unresectable PLC.
Detection of micrometastatic tumor cells in bone marrow of breast carcinoma patients
Authors: Eva Singletary S. , Larry Lillie , Tucker Susan L. , Spitzer Gary 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTo determine the incidence and clinical signifance of micrometastases in the bone marrow of breast carcinoma patients, we performed an immunoalkaline phosphatase assay using anticytokeratin (AE1, AE3, MAK‐6) and antiepithelial (113F1, 260F9, 317G5) antibodies on the bone marrow aspirates of 71 stage IV disease patients with either recurrent regional or distant metastases. Although we detected tumor cells within the bone marrow of 38% of these patients with this assay, no significant correlation was seen with patient's age, menopausal status, bone scan, bone marrow core histology, response to induction chemotherapy, number of metastatic sites, dominant site of metastasis, or subsequent clinical outcome. The clinical parameters that were associated with improved survival were one dominant site of metastatic disease and regional soft tissue recurrence without distant disease.
Aggressive malignant hemangiopericytoma in the neck
Authors: Volpe A. George , Sullivan John G. , Chong Frank K. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHemangiopericytomas are rare vascular tumors, one fourth of which occur in the head and neck. These lesions are characteristically slow growing and slow to metastasize. We describe an otherwise healthy patient with a hemangiopericytoma on the left side of his neck that metastasized to his chest wall within 3 months after the tumor was first observed. The metastasis occurred while the patient was receiving radiation therapy. The patient died soon afterward. This case illustrates the aggressive malignant potential of hemangiopericytomas.
Pancreatoduodenal carcinoma: A clinicopathologic study of 304 patients and immunohistochemical observation for CEA and CA19‐9
Authors: Yamaguchi Koji , Enjoji Munetomo , Tsuneyoshi Masazumi 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA total of 304 patients with pancreatoduodenal carcinoma were studied clinicopathologically and immunohistochemically in order to clarify features of carcinoma of four different sites of origin; carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater (Am), the distal common bile duct (DCBD), the head of the pancreas (PH), and the extra‐ampullary duodenum (Du). The mean greatest diameter of 87 PH was 3.5 cm compared with 2.7 cm of 149 Am and 2.7 cm of DCBD. Histopathologically, 40% of Am were papillary adenocarcinoma, while about half of DCBD, PH and Du were tubular adenocarcinoma. PH invaded lymphatic (85%), vascular (62%), and perineural (95%) spaces and metastasized lymph nodes (72%) more frequently than Am (77%, 35%, 24%, 50%), DCBD (47%, 61%, 65%, 45%), and Du (76%, 29%, 35%, 65%), respectively. More than 50% of PH invaded the resected margins, whereas in only 2% of Am, the surgical margins were affected by malignant cells. Immunohistochemically, PH was more frequently positive for both carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) (98%) and carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19‐9 (91%) than Am (83%, 62%), DCBD (94%, 58%), and Du (56%, 11%), respectively. The stromal staining type of CEA and CA19‐9 was more frequently seen in PH (27%, 44%) than in Am (9%, 31%), DCBD (11%, 8%) and Du (0%, 0%), showing a more dedifferentiated nature of PH. The cumulative 3‐year survival rate of 87 patients with PH (15%) was worse than that of 149 with Am (42%, P < 0.001), of 51 with DCBD (25%) and of 17 with Du (58%, P < 0.001). The survival curve of 87 with PH was worse than that of 51 with DCBD, of 149 with Am (P < 0.001) and of 17 with Du (P < 0.001). Cox regression analysis, using eleven profound prognostic variables, revealed that venous invasion, perineural infiltration, surgical margin, and histopathologic type were profound pronostic factors. Pancreatic carcinoma has a more dedifferentiated histopathologic nature, showing a more aggressive growth and fares worse than Am, DCBD, and Du.
The role of intraluminal radiotherapy and concurrent 5‐fluorouracil infusion in the management of carcinoma esophagus: A pilot study
Authors: Dinshaw Ketayun A. , Sharma Vinay , Pendse Anil M. , Telang Champat S. , Vege Shanti Swaroop , Malliat Mohandas K. , Deshpande Raman , Desai Prafulla B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFifty patients with carcinoma of the esophagus were entered in a randomized pilot study to test the efficacy of intraluminal radiotherapy (ILRT) and concurrent 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) infusion. The median age was 65 years, with 80% having middle third lesions; in 62%, the lesions were longer than 5 cm. After external beam therapy of 50 Gy in 5 weeks, patients were randomized to receive chemotherapy. Significant improvement in dysphagia was recorded in 76% patients with complete response in 47 cases ranging from 6 to 27 months. The overall survival at 2 years was 15% with ILRT alone versus 22% with ILRT plus 5‐FU infusion.