bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The association between alcohol consumption and all‐cause mortality: An umbrella review of systematic reviews using lifetime abstainers or low‐volume drinkers as a reference group
Authors: Sarich Peter , Gao Shuhan , Zhu Yining , Canfell Karen , Weber Marianne F. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackground and aimsSystematic reviews of the relationship between alcohol consumption and all‐cause mortality have reported different relative risk (RR) curves, possibly due to the choice of reference group. Results have varied from ‘J‐shaped’ curves, where low‐volume consumption is associated with reduced risk, to monotonically increased risk with increasing consumption. We summarised the evidence on alcohol consumption and all‐cause mortality exclusively from systematic reviews using lifetime abstainers or low‐volume/occasional drinkers as the reference group.MethodsWe conducted a systematic umbrella review of systematic reviews of the relationship between alcohol consumption and all‐cause mortality in prospective cohort studies using a reference group of lifetime abstainers or low‐volume/occasional drinkers. Several databases (PubMed/Medline/Embase/PsycINFO/Cochrane Library) were searched to March 2022. Reviews were assessed for risk of bias, and those with reference groups containing former drinkers were excluded.ResultsFrom 2149 articles retrieved, 25 systematic reviews were identified, and five did not include former drinkers in the reference group. Four of the five included reviews had high risk of bias. Three reviews reported a J‐shaped relationship between alcohol consumption and all‐cause mortality with significant decreased risk for low‐volume drinking (RR range 0.84 to 0.95), while two reviews did not. The one review at low risk of bias reported monotonically increased risk with greater consumption (RRs = 1.02, 1.13, 1.33 and 1.52 for low‐, medium‐, high‐ and higher‐volume drinking, respectively, compared with occasional drinking). All five reviews reported significantly increased risk with higher levels of alcohol consumption (RR range 1.28 to 3.70). Sub‐group analyses were reported by sex and age; however, there were evidence gaps for many important factors. Conversely, 17 of 20 excluded systematic reviews reported decreased mortality risk for low‐volume drinking.ConclusionsOver 70% of systematic reviews and meta‐analyses published to March 2022 of all‐cause mortality risk associated with alcohol consumption did not exclude former drinkers from the reference group and may therefore be biased by the ‘sick‐quitter effect’.
Breastfeeding interventions and programmes conducted in Portuguese‐speaking sovereign states: A scoping review
Authors: Aboul‐Enein Basil H. , Vettore Mario Vianna , Keller Teresa , Kelly Patricia J. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimThis scoping review aimed to identify and appraise the effectiveness and impact of breastfeeding promotion interventions conducted across Portuguese‐speaking sovereign countries.MethodsUsing the PRISMA‐ScR guidelines, we searched 14 electronic databases for publications published through 31 July 2023. The search terms were designed to find studies promoting breastfeeding or exclusive breastfeeding in pre‐defined Portuguese‐speaking countries.ResultsOf the 5263 papers initially retrieved, 30 interventional studies on breastfeeding met the inclusion criteria across three countries: Brazil (N = 26), Portugal (N = 2) and Guinea Bissau (N = 2). Participants ranged from pregnant women, mothers, mother–infant pairs, healthcare professionals, and school children. Overall, the interventions increased exclusive breastfeeding and better breastfeeding practices, such as a higher duration of breastfeeding. The interventions positively affected maternal breastfeeding self‐efficacy, knowledge and perception. Only four studies used a theoretical framework.ConclusionWhile the results were often statistically significant, no study had an outcome close to the recommended UNICEF and WHO goal of 70% breastfeeding at six months. The need to determine what works for the recommended six months postpartum period is critical for maximising children's health in Portuguese‐speaking countries.
Exploring policy entrepreneurs' modes of action: Positioning, networking, outmaneuvering, and worldmaking
Authors: Braun Sophia Marie , Cabero Tapia Patricia , Mauer René 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPolicy entrepreneurs interact with their wider social environment to create social and policy change. To understand entrepreneurial behavior in this context, adopting multi‐level approaches becomes increasingly important. They are crucial to explaining the interdependencies of individual entrepreneurs, immediate stakeholders (such as team members), and their wider context. Scholars focus on specific links, such as those between entrepreneurs and their local community. Very few papers have to date take a holistic approach, even though studying how entrepreneurs interact with multiple levels of stakeholders over time has the potential to better explain entrepreneurial processes. By following a qualitative research approach using two case studies of policy entrepreneurs in Bolivia and Germany, we show that policy entrepreneurs employ different modes of action over time when interacting with their immediate and wider contexts in attempting to foster policy change. Our results suggest that they co‐create with policymakers in order to shape their ecosystems and society at large.
Editorial: The tsunami of steatotic liver disease in India, the Asia‐Pacific region and the world—Authors' reply
Authors: Prasad Manya , Prabhakar Tushar , Sarin Shiv Kumar 
Published: March 2024

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Prabhakar et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17892 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17903
Oral vancomycin is associated with improved inflammatory bowel disease clinical outcomes in primary sclerosing cholangitis‐associated inflammatory bowel disease (PSC‐IBD): A matched analysis from the Paediatric PSC Consortium
Authors: Ricciuto Amanda , Liu Kuan , El‐Matary Wael , Amin Mansi , Amir Achiya Z. , Aumar Madeleine , Auth Marcus , Di Guglielmo Matthew D. , Druve Tavares Fagundes Eleonora , Rodrigues Ferreira Alexandre , Furuya Katryn N. , Gupta Nitika , Guthery Stephen , Horslen Simon P. , Jensen Kyle , Kamath Binita M. , Kerkar Nanda , Koot B. G. P. , Laborda Trevor J. , Lee Christine K. , Loomes Kathleen M. , Mack Cara , Martinez Mercedes , Montano‐Loza Aldo , Ovchinsky Nadia , Papadopoulou Alexandra , Perito Emily R. , Sathya Pushpa , Schwarz Kathleen B. , Shah Uzma , Shteyer Eyal , Soufi Nisreen , Stevens James Patrick , Taylor Amy , Tessier M. Elizabeth , Valentino Pamela , Woynarowski Marek , Deneau Mark ,   the Pediatric PSC Consortium
Published: March 2024

SummaryBackgroundData on oral vancomycin for primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC)‐associated inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are limited.AimsUsing data from the Paediatric PSC Consortium, to examine the effect of vancomycin on IBD activity.MethodsIn this retrospective multi‐centre cohort study, we matched vancomycin‐treated and untreated patients (1:3) based on IBD duration at the time of primary outcome assessment. The primary outcome was Physician Global Assessment (PGA) of IBD clinical activity after 1 year (±6 months) of vancomycin. We used generalised estimating equations (GEE) to examine the association between vancomycin and PGA remission, adjusting for IBD type, severity and medication exposures. Secondary outcomes included serum labs and endoscopic remission (global rating of no activity) among those with available data and also analysed with GEE.Results113 PSC‐IBD patients received vancomycin (median age 12.7 years, 63% male). The matched cohort included 70 vancomycin‐treated and 210 untreated patients. Vancomycin was associated with greater odds of IBD clinical remission (odds ratio [OR] 3.52, 95% CI 1.97–6.31; adjusted OR [aOR] 5.24, 95% CI 2.68–10.22). Benefit was maintained in sensitivity analyses restricted to non‐transplanted patients and those with baseline moderate–severe PGA. Vancomycin was associated with increased odds of endoscopic remission (aOR 2.76, 95% CI 1.002–7.62; N = 101 with data), and with lower CRP (p = 0.03) and higher haemoglobin and albumin (both p < 0.01).ConclusionVancomycin was associated with greater odds of IBD clinical and endoscopic remission. Additional, preferably randomised, controlled studies are needed to characterise efficacy using objective markers of mucosal inflammation, and to examine safety and define optimal dosing.
The use and production of black Mn‐based pigments for painting late (c. 900–1450) and Inca (c. 1450–1600) periods ceramic vessels in Northwestern Argentina: a multi‐analytical approach using μRaman, FT‐IR, and XRD
Authors: De La Fuente Guillermo A. , Basile Mara , Desimone Mariela , Rasmussen Kaare L. , Martínez Carricondo Marina G. , Rozas Guillermo , Vera Sergio D. , Tomba Juan P. , Crespo Esteban 
Published: March 2024

AbstractLate and Inca period pottery in the Northwestern Argentine region present two or three characteristic prefiring colors (red, black, and white or cream) in their decoration. Sanagasta and Belén vessels from Late Period are characterized by a bichrome black‐on‐red/cream and black‐on‐red painted decoration, respectively, whereas Inca vessels exhibit a black‐on‐red painted decoration. Analytical results obtained by μRaman, FT‐IR, and XRD analyses on a relatively large number of samples show that the pre‐Hispanic potters during Late and Inca periods used a manganese‐based technique to obtain black colours in these large vessels fired in an oxidising atmosphere. Black paints were produced by the systematic use of different mineral complex mixtures of Mn (pyrolusite, bixbyte, and hausmannite) and hematite. As a result, spinel phases like jacobsite (a Fe‐Mn compound) and magnetite were formed at different firing temperatures. Red paints were obtained using the mineral hematite. A detailed discussion is presented concerning the firing conditions to obtain these black hues.
On the emergence of cooperative industrial and labour relations
Authors: Cardullo Gabriele , Conti Maurizio , Ricci Andrea , Scicchitano Sergio , Sulis Giovanni 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe explore the long‐run determinants of current differences in the degree of co‐operative labour relations at the local level. We do this by estimating the effect of the medieval communes –that were established in certain cities in Centre‐Northern Italy towards the end of the 11th century – and that contributed to the emergence of a co‐operative attitude in the population on various proxies for current co‐operative labour relations. Conditional on a large set of firm and municipality level controls, as well as a full set of province fixed effects, we find that firms located in municipalities that had been a free medieval commune in the past have higher current probabilities to adopt two‐tier bargaining structures and to be unionized. We also report instrumental variables (IV) and propensity score estimates that confirm our main results.
Sexuality education for disabled children and youth in Ontario, Canada: Addressing epistemic injustice through school‐based sexuality education
Authors: Davies Adam , O'Leary Samantha , Prioletta Jessica , Shay Bronte , Bryan Malissa , Neustifter Orion 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWhile conversations pertaining to school‐based sexuality education are becoming more prominent, the experiences of disabled children and youth are still under‐discussed in research. Despite disabled childhood studies emerging as a field of inquiry, there is still a lack of critical conversation pertaining to disabled students' sexuality education within their respective schooling. This article draws from Fricker's theory of epistemic injustice to describe some of the ethical questions that arise in the denial of disabled children and youth's access to sexuality education in school contexts. By engaging with relevant literature on sexuality education and disabled students in schooling, this article puts forward that the continual exclusion of disabled students from accessing school‐based sexuality education promotes a form of epistemic injustice and silencing of the voices, perspectives and experiences of disabled students.
Physical modulation of mesenchymal stem cell exosomes: A new perspective for regenerative medicine
Authors: Wu Dan , Zhao Xiansheng , Xie Jiaheng , Yuan Ruoyue , Li Yue , Yang Quyang , Cheng Xiujun , Wu Changyue , Wu Jinyan , Zhu Ningwen 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMesenchymal stem cell‐derived exosomes (MSC‐Exo) offer promising therapeutic potential for various refractory diseases, presenting a novel therapeutic strategy. However, their clinical application encounters several obstacles, including low natural secretion, uncontrolled biological functions and inherent heterogeneity. On the one hand, physical stimuli can mimic the microenvironment dynamics where MSC‐Exo reside. These factors influence not only their secretion but also, significantly, their biological efficacy. Moreover, physical factors can also serve as techniques for engineering exosomes. Therefore, the realm of physical factors assumes a crucial role in modifying MSC‐Exo, ultimately facilitating their clinical translation. This review focuses on the research progress in applying physical factors to MSC‐Exo, encompassing ultrasound, electrical stimulation, light irradiation, intrinsic physical properties, ionizing radiation, magnetic field, mechanical forces and temperature. We also discuss the current status and potential of physical stimuli‐affected MSC‐Exo in clinical applications. Furthermore, we address the limitations of recent studies in this field. Based on this, this review provides novel insights to advance the refinement of MSC‐Exo as a therapeutic approach in regenerative medicine.
Beyond crippling bias: Carcass‐location bias in roadkill studies
Authors: Román Jacinto , Rodríguez Carlos , García‐Rodríguez Alberto , Diez‐Virto Irati , Gutiérrez‐Expósito Carlos , Jubete Fernando , Paniw Maria , Clavero Miguel , Revilla Eloy , D'Amico Marcello 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWildlife roadkill studies need to cope with a mismatch among recorded carcasses and actual road mortality, because of the existence of three biases: crippling, carcass‐persistence, and observer bias. Here, we focused on the often overlooked crippling bias, suggesting that it should be called carcass‐location bias and disentangling the related three possible outcomes for affected wildlife: injured animal escaping and dying away from road, animal rebounding off the road after vehicle collision, and animal retained by vehicle. Such outcomes can probably be affected by different species traits, and, in order to make a first evaluation of this hypothesis, we opportunistically collected 150 direct observations on the ultimate fate of roadkilled vertebrates. Approximately one third of them were affected by carcass‐location bias, so extremely difficult to be recorded through typical roadkill surveys, entailing a considerable and overlooked source of error for roadkill studies and mitigation actions based on them.
Evaluation of the usefulness of plasma 4β‐hydroxycholesterol concentration normalized by 4α‐hydroxycholesterol for accurate CYP3A phenotyping
Authors: Oda Ayako , Suzuki Yosuke , Sato Haruki , Koyama Teruhide , Nakatochi Masahiro , Momozawa Yukihide , Tanaka Ryota , Ono Hiroyuki , Tatsuta Ryosuke , Ando Tadasuke , Shin Toshitaka , Wakai Kenji , Matsuo Keitaro , Itoh Hiroki , Ohno Keiko 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPlasma 4β‐hydroxycholesterol (OHC) has drawn attention as an endogenous substrate indicating CYP3A activity. Plasma 4β‐OHC is produced by hydroxylation by CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 and by cholesterol autoxidation. Plasma 4α‐OHC is produced by cholesterol autoxidation and not affected by CYP3A activity. This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of plasma 4β‐OHC concentration minus plasma 4α‐OHC concentration (4β‐OHC–4α‐OHC) compared with plasma 4β‐OHC concentration and 4β‐OHC/total cholesterol (TC) ratio in cross‐sectional evaluation of CYP3A activity. Four hundred sixteen general adults were divided into 191 CYP3A5*1 carriers and 225 non‐carriers. Twenty‐six patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) with CYP3A5*1 allele were divided into 14 with CKD stage 3 and 12 with stage 4–5D. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for the three indices were evaluated for predicting presence or absence of CYP3A5*1 allele in general adults, and for predicting CKD stage 3 or stage 4–5D in patients with CKD. There was no significant difference between AUC of 4β‐OHC–4α‐OHC and AUC of plasma 4β‐OHC concentration in general adults and in patients with CKD. AUC of 4β‐OHC–4α‐OHC was significantly smaller than that of 4β‐OHC/TC ratio in general adults (p = 0.025), but the two indices did not differ in patients with CKD. In conclusion, in the present cross‐sectional evaluation of CYP3A activity in general adults and in patients with CKD with CYP3A5*1 allele, the usefulness of 4β‐OHC–4α‐OHC was not different from plasma 4β‐OHC concentration or 4β‐OHC/TC ratio. However, because of the limitations in study design and subject selection of this research, these findings require verification in further studies.
Genetic variant detection in a South African haemophilia B population
Authors: Bester Chené , Kloppers Jean F. , van Rensburg Walter J. Janse 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundHaemophilia B is characterised by a deficiency of factor IX (FIX) protein due to genetic variants in the FIX gene (F9). Genetic testing may have a vital role in effectively managing haemophilia B. However, in many developing countries, comprehensive genetic variant detection is unavailable. This study aimed to address the lack of genetic data in our country by conducting genetic variant detection on people affected by haemophilia B in our region.MethodsTwenty‐one participants were screened with a direct Sanger sequencing method to identify variants in the F9 gene. The identified variants were then compared to previously published variants and/or to a reference database.Results and DiscussionA total of ten F9 genetic changes were detected, with five of them being novel. These identified variants were distributed across different domains of the FIX protein. Only one participant had a history of inhibitor formation against FIX replacement therapy. Notably, this participant had two distinct genetic changes present adjacent to each other. Thus, we hypothesise that the presence of multiple variants within the same functional region of the gene may increase the risk for inhibitor development.ConclusionThe discovery of novel pathogenic variations in the F9 gene highlights the importance of genetic analysis in specific geographical regions. The possible link between a complex variant and inhibitor formation illustrates the potential role that genetic screening has as a pre‐treatment tool in predicting treatment reactions and outcomes.
Enhanced immunomodulation and periodontal regeneration efficacy of subgingivally delivered progranulin‐loaded hydrogel as an adjunct to non‐surgical treatment for Class II furcation involvement in dogs
Authors: Liu Wenchuan , Song Aimei , Wu Yixi , Gong Pizhang , Zhao Jingjing , Zhang Liguo , Liu Xinyang , Wang Ruwei , Guo Hongmei , Yang Pishan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimTo evaluate the effect of subgingival delivery of progranulin (PGRN)/gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) complex as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) on an experimental periodontitis dog model with Class II furcation involvement (FI).Materials and MethodsA Class II FI model was established, and the defects were divided into four treatment groups: (a) no treatment (control); (b) SRP; (c) SRP + GelMA; (d) SRP + PGRN/GelMA. Eight weeks after treatment, periodontal parameters were recorded, gingival crevicular fluid and gingival tissue were collected for ELISA and RT‐qPCR, respectively, and mandibular tissue blocks were collected for micro computed tomography (micro‐CT) scanning and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining.ResultsThe SRP + PGRN/GelMA group showed significant improvement in all periodontal parameters compared with those in the other groups. The expression of markers related to M1 macrophage and Th17 cell significantly decreased, and the expression of markers related to M2 macrophage and Treg cell significantly increased in the SRP + PGRN/GelMA group compared with those in the other groups. The volume, quality and area of new bone and the length of new cementum in the root furcation defects of the PGRN/GelMA group were significantly increased compared to those in the other groups.ConclusionsSubgingival delivery of the PGRN/GelMA complex could be a promising non‐surgical adjunctive therapy for anti‐inflammation, immunomodulation and periodontal regeneration.
Leaf trait variation in grassland plant species in response to soil phosphorus
Authors: Moeneclaey Iris , Schelfhout Stephanie , Blondeel Haben , Van Coillie Frieke , Verheyen Kris , Baeten Lander 
Published: March 2024

AbstractQuestionsIncreased soil phosphorus (P) availability in fertilized grasslands can drive both community degradation and delayed community recovery upon agricultural abandonment. Beyond describing grassland community patterns along gradients in P availability, it remains unclear how individual species with different strategies respond to increasing phosphorus. Here we studied intraspecific variability of leaf functional traits in response to soil phosphorus, for species with contrasting resource‐use strategies.MethodsWe set up a pot experiment with communities containing four species, assembled from a pool of 20 mesotrophic grassland species growing along a soil P gradient. Species selection included various growth forms (grasses vs forbs) and resource‐use strategies (acquisitive vs conservative resource use). We measured three variables characterizing the (a)biotic environmental context: bioavailable soil P concentration, total community biomass as a proxy for the intensity of competition, and the proportional biomass of a species in the community as a proxy for its competitive dominance. We investigated the effect of this environmental context on the expression of two leaf traits, specific leaf area (SLA) and leaf dry matter content (LDMC).ResultsWe found an acquisitive trait expression within species (increase in SLA and decrease in LDMC) in response to increased soil P supply and a conservative trait expression (decrease in SLA and increase in LDMC) in response to an increase in total community biomass. Importantly, the trait responses to the environmental context were generally consistent for species representing very different resource‐use strategies and growth forms.ConclusionsSpecies responded with a shift from an acquisitive to a conservative trait expression in response to limited resources; i.e., driven by a decrease in soil phosphorus concentration or an increase in total community biomass. Unexpectedly, the intraspecific variability in response to the changing environmental conditions was not clearly mediated by the species’ strategy. These findings show that plant ecological strategies are probably not the main driver for intraspecific trait variability in an experimental grassland community.