bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate‐phosphodiesterase (cAMP‐PDE) in lymphocytes from patients with stage III and IV squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck
Authors: Banner Robert L. , Vaughn William K. , Hagey King A. , Thompson W. Joseph , Hersh Evan M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn vivo skin tests using multiple recall and primary antigens such as dinitrochlorobenzine (DNCB) have established that there is decreased cellular‐mediated immune response in patients with squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck. In vitro testing of lymphocytes using blastogenic mitogens as a measure of lymphocyte function has not always shown a statistical difference between patients and controls. cAMP‐PDE was assayed in lymphocytes from normal controls ‐ patients with benign conditions in various age groups. No significant difference was found in the specific activity (Vmax) or affinity (Km) in these groups. The mean average was used as a normal control value. In lymphocytes from untreated patients with Stage III and IV squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck, the Vmax and Km of cAMP‐PDE were higher than the controls. This difference was statistically significant. Postoperative values were also determined but were not statistically different. There were no differences found in blastogenesis in these two groups.
The effect of pregnancy on the growth of primary methylcholanthrene sarcoma isografts
Authors: McLaughlin A. P. , Effron Marc K. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPrimary isografts of a highly immunogenic methylcholanthrene tumor were injected into pregnant C57/BL mice. Tumor growth was studied and compared to isografts injected into virgin C57/BL mice preimmunized with fetal antigens. Significant in vivo enhancement of MCA tumor growth was noted in both intra‐ and interstrain pregnant mice compared with virgin controls. In addition, active preimmunization of virgin mice with hybrid fetal liver did not result in rejection of primary tumor isografts, suggesting that fetal antigens did not contribute to the immunogenicity of this MCA tumor.
Active immunization against spontaneous tumors in mice
Authors: Patrício M. B. , Clode W. H. , Ricardo J. A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe incidence of spontaneous tumors was studied in a group of 136 female mice and in another group of 138 females after a sublethal dose of total body irradiation. Of the nonirradiated mice 10.2% developed mammary tumors, and 8% developed lung tumors. Of the irradiated mice 19.5% developed mammary tumors, 21.7% ovary tumors, 24.5% lung tumors, and 7.9% tumors in other organs.A vaccine was prepared for only mammary and ovary tumors through an original technique. The results showed a significantly lower incidence of tumors in another two groups of mice that were immunized: in 80 nonirradiated vaccinated female mice, mammary tumors decreased from 10.2% to 2.5%, and in 78 irradiated and vaccinated female mice, mammary tumors decreased from 19.5% to 8.9% and ovary tumors from 21.7% to 3.8%. Lung tumors also decreased in the latter group, suggesting a common factor protecting the immunized mice.
Failure of adjuvant immunotherapy to prevent central nervous system metastases in malignant melanoma patients
Authors: Grooms Gary A. , Eilber Frederick R. , Morton Donald L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA review of our experience using BCG immunotherapy as a postsurgical adjunct in the treatment of melanoma shows that the incidence of systemic metastases appears to have been reduced. However, central nervous system (CNS) metastases continue to develop in these patients and represent the single most frequent cause of death. Serial studies of immune competence in these patients reveal that those with CNS metastases usually retain normal immune responses, whereas those with metastases at other sites exhibit progressive immunosuppression with advancing disease.
Architectural alteration of lymphatic tissue produced by extracorporeal thoracic duct filtration
Authors: Majeski James A. , Fitts C. Thomas , Sharbaugh Robert J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRemoval of recirculating lymphocytes from the lymph of calves by extracorporeal thoracic duct filtration results in a state of immunounresponsiveness. Accompanying this is histological evidence of lymphocyte depletion from the lymph organs and structures of the body. Lymph nodes, spleen, hemolymph nodes, Peyer's patches, and thymus appear depleted of the recirculating small lymphocyte. We find this closed model of lymphocyte depletion effective and free of severe problems with infections and physiological alterations as experienced in mechanical removal, extracorporeal irradiation, and open thoracic duct fistulas.
Cardiovascular involvement by invasive thymomas
Authors: Shin Myung Soo , Witten David M. , Han Sang Y. , Perrott Walter W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe have observed 74 cases of thymoma from 1968 to 1974. Six cases of invasive (malignant) thymoma presented in an unusual fashion with signs and symptoms of cardiovascular disease and superior vena caval syndrome. The clinical, pathological, and roentgenographic features of these cases are presented. The literature concerning cardiovascular involvement by thymoma is reviewed and discussed.
The histomorphologic spectrum of endocervical (müllerian) adenocarcinoma —A potential prognostic indicator
Authors: Parker Joseph C. , Van Nagell John R. , Bissig Thomas 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA review of all patients with endocervical adenocarcinoma seen at the University of Kentucky Medical Center from 1962 through 1972 yielded 15 patients with tissue‐verifiable primary endocervical adenocarcinoma that had no associated sarcomatous or squamoid features. These patients varied from 17 to 73 years old with a mean age of 47 years. A malignant clear cell pattern was present in 8 patients and in 3 of these individuals that prominent morphologic feature was associated with hobnail cells. Five patients with clear cell carcinomatous changes in the endocervix were born prior to the use of diethylstilbestrol (DES) and 2 of the remaining 3 patients were exposed to DES during the first trimester of pregnancy. Other morphologic types of endocervical adenocarcinoma included mucinous adenocarcinoma in 9 patients (60%) and basaloid adenocarcinoma in one patient (7%). Cellular atypia of endocervical glands, which in some areas was consistent with adenocarcinoma in situ was found in 9 of the 15 patients with invasive endocervical cancers. Both vessel invasion by tumor cells and tumor necrosis were associated with a poor prognosis.
Blood group distribution in prostatic cancer patients
Authors: Wajsman Zew , Saroff Jack , Murphy Gerald P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBlood group distribution in 264 Stage D relapsing patients from the National Prostatic Cancer Project was analyzed. No significant differences were found in distribution of blood groups in prostatic cancer patients as compared to the control population. This study does not support the observation of others of a relationship between blood group A and susceptibility to carcinoma of the prostate. Other patient groups may, however, be of value in searching for this relationship.
Effects of immunosuppression on the rejection of methylcholanthrene tumor isografts
Authors: Jacobs Stephen C. , McLaughlin A. P. , Gittes R. F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe effect of immunosuppression with azathioprine, methylprednisolone, or both, on primary and secondary immune responses to a transplanted tumor was studied. The ability to reject a methylcholanthrene‐induced squamous cell carcinoma of the prostate in Lewis rats was determined by rechallenge with tumor cells after amputation of the primary transplant. Oral azathioprine (20 mg/ kg/day) increased the incidence of tumors in a primary challenge, but did not affect the ability of immunized rats to reject subsequent tumor isografts. Similar results were obtained with 2 mg/kg/ day intraperitoneal (IP) azathioprine, 2 mg/kg/day IP methylprednisolone, and the combination of 2 mg/kg/day IP methylprednisolone and 10 mg/kg/day IP azathioprine. It appears that immunosuppression by azathioprine affects the proliferation of sensitized cells during the immunological response to antigens of this specific tumor. Immunosuppression does not appear to alter substantially the processing of tumor‐specific antigens or the cytotoxic effectiveness of the immune system. This data is reassuring to the concern of whether transplantation in patients previously cured of cancer is safe.
Effects of the combination of tumor‐specific and nonspecific immunization on tumor suppression
Authors: Mori Tsuneatsu , Sekiguchi Morimasa , Fujii Genshichiro , Inou Tsunamasa , Kitamura Masaru 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe crushed whole Aoyama B cells attached to oil droplets were found to be most suitable for the adjuvant effect of Mycobacterium tuberculosis against tumor growth when judged by the criterion of effectiveness and a clinical application with minimal side effects. The immunogenicity of tumor cells was well stabilized and maintained with a suitable concentration of formalin; this was less than 1% and the optimum concentration was 0.05% or 0.1%. When the tumor cells treated with the optimum concentration of formalin were combined with suitable adjuvant, immunoprotection against the tumor progress was accelerated.
Five‐year follow‐up results of a collaborative study of therapies for carcinoma of the bladder
Authors: Slack Nelson H. , Bross Irwin D. J. , Prout George R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractResults after 5 years of follow‐up in a cooperative trial of therapies for operable bladder cancer confirmed preliminary indications of a beneficial effect of preoperative irradiation. Improved survival was experienced by the one‐third of the irradiated patients who experienced complete eradication of the tumor as indicated from the resected specimen 30–60 days after a 30‐day course of 4,500 rads. These patients fiad a 55% chance of surviving 5 years as opposed to a 32% chance for those where irradiation did not eradicate the tumor, or similarly for those not irradiated. A postoperative course of chemotherapy with 5‐fluorouracial appeared to act detrimentally when given to patients irradiated preoperatively, but may have had a slight benefit when given after surgery alone.
The glucagonoma syndrome and its management
Authors: Kessinger Anne , Lemon Henry M. , Foley John F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe glucagonoma syndrome occurs in some but not all patients with a benign or malignant islet cell tumor and hyperglucagonemia. Manifestations may include anemia, diabetes mellitus, pruritic skin rash, glossitis, stomatitis, weight loss, diarrhea, flexible fingernails, venous thromboses, low plasma amino acid levels, and coarse folds of the jejunum and ileum. Most patients are postmenopausal women, but men and women ages 40 to 65 have been affected. The course is variable depending upon the nature of the underlying tumor.Twenty‐two cases of probable glucagonoma syndrome have been reported; twelve documented with glucagon levels. The hyperglucagonemia results from elevation of the proglucagon and true glucagon immunoreactive fractions of pancreatic glucagon.Management of the rash can be accomplished rarely with topical or systemic antibiotics or corticosteroids. If the tumor is resectable, surgery reverses the syndrome. Patients with metastatic disease have responded to streptozotocin and DTIC.
The adverse effects of elemental diets on tolerance for 5‐FU toxicity in the rat
Authors: Stanford John R. , King Dennis , Carey Larry , Anderson Gregg 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe effects of a group of elemental diets on the gastrointestinal toxicity of 5‐FU in the Sprague Dawley rat were evaluated. Diarrhea, stomatitis, hypoalbuminemia, and early deaths were more frequent in the animals on elemental diets than in those consuming standard rat chow. Sepsis and hypoalbuminemia were directly related to the extent of protein hydrolysis of the particular elemental diet.
The combined effect of radiotherapy and neuraminidase‐treated tumor cells on 3‐methylcholanthrene‐induced fibrosarcoma
Authors: So Samuel K. S. , Song Chang Won , Rios Angelyn , Simmons Richard L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractActive immunotherapy with tumor cells treated in vitro with Vibrio cholerae neuraminidase (VCN) plus mitomycin C augments the antitumor effects of local x irradiation in the treatment of firmly established methylcholanthrene‐induced fibrosarcoma, MC‐43, in syngeneic C3H/HeJ female mice. In most experiments, the inhibition of tumor growth was greater when VCN‐treated tumor cells were combined with local irradiation than could be achieved with VCN‐treated tumor cells or local irradiation alone. Even in those experiments in which the immunotherapeutic effect of VCN‐treated cells was negligible, the combination of radiotherapy and immunotherapy appeared to be greater than irradiation alone. Similarly, total permanent regression of established tumors occurred more frequently after combined therapy than after immunotherapy or radiation therapy alone.
Response of lymphoid leukemia L1210 in mice to implantable sustained release cytosine arabinoside capsules
Authors: Fu J. C. , Khwaja T. , Moyer D. L. , Cummings L. , Varvan J. , Elshire D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe lifespan of BDF mice with ascitic L1210 leukemia is more than doubled when they are treated with a single subcutaneously or intraperitoneally implanted sustained release cytosine arabinoside capsule. These capsules are drug‐polymer composites, with dimensions of 1.0 cm in diameter and 0.15 cm in thickness, and a drug content of 17 ± 3 mg each. Blank silicone rubber discs implanted intra‐peritoneally or subcutaneously in the leukemic mice produced no beneficial effects. Control healthy mice receiving the ARA‐C releasing capsules continued to live with no obvious signs of drug toxicity. In vitro release of ARA‐C from the discs was measured. Drug release was maintained above 20 micro‐grams per day for more than 35 days. ARA‐C extracted from discs recovered from implant studies showed that less than 16% of the total drug content was released in vivo.
Needle biopsy of endothoracic neoformations: A five‐year experience
Authors: Boaron Maurizio , Mattioli Galeazzo , Ravasi Gianni , Zingo Lorenzo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe dwell upon the importance of percutaneous biopsy in the diagnosis of endothoracic masses, comparing the results of the cutting needles to those of the fine needle aspiration biopsy.We began utilizing the Vim‐Silverman needle with good results (73.7% diagnoses) and a small number of complications, only 1 of which needed treatment, but in the light of the severe and lethal complications described in the literature, we came to prefer the use of the fine needle aspiration technique, which provided good results, too, (74% diagnoses) and enlarged the diagnostic range of the percutaneous biopsy of the lung in cases of deep, or mediastinal masses.We also hold that the use of cutting needles should not be given up: in fact when a technically good smear from an aspiration biopsy does not allow a diagnosis, we usually repeat the biopsy using a cutting needle, if there is no contraindication.
Excretory urography in evaluation of the surgical cancer patient
Authors: Bagley Demetrius H. , Sindelar William F. , Felix Edward L. , Doppman John L. , Ketcham Alfred S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractExcretory urography was performed routinely in 504 patients with sarcoma, melanoma, pelvic, head and neck, or other localized tumors over a 5‐year period. There were benign abnormalities in 14.4% of the patients examined, tumor associated abnormalities in 10.7%, and 1.4% false positives. The diagnosis of a benign lesion did not change cancer therapy in any patient. Findings on excretory urography were valuable in the management of patients with pelvic and intra‐abdominal tumors. In these patients ureteral obstruction was always caused by tumor. There was a high rate of false positivity in non‐abdominal tumors. No second primary tumors were found.
Antitumor tests of amygdalin in transplantable animal tumor systems
Authors: Stock C. Chester , Tarnowski George S. , Schmid Franz A. , Hutchison Dorris J. , Teller Morris N. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractExcept for oral administration, there was no grossly observed toxicity from carefully administered high doses of amygdalin in the experimental systems used. The compound in high doses was ineffective against the DMBA‐induced rat mammary carcinoma and the following transplanted experimental tumors: Sarcoma 180, plasma cell tumor LPC‐1, leukemia L1210, Mecca lymphosarcoma, Ridgway osteogenic sarcoma, sarcoma T241, mammary carcinoma E0771, Taper liver tumor, Ehrlich carcinoma (solid and ascites), and Walker carcinosarcoma 256. Amygdalin did not noticeably influence the toxicity or impair the efficacy of these chemotherapeutic agents in their respective systems: Cytosine arabinoside, methotrexate, cytoxan, or 5‐fluorouracil in L1210; the latter two in LPC‐1;6‐mercapto‐purine in Ridgway osteogenic sarcoma; estradiol‐17β or 2α‐methyldihydrotestosterone propionate in the DMBA‐induced rat mammary carcinoma.
Relative frequency and survival results of cancer seen at a county hospital
Authors: Lee Yeu‐Tsu N. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe relative frequency of cancer cases (percentage of total malignancies) admitted to Los Angeles County‐University of Southern California (LAC‐USC) Medical Center from 1942 to 1974 was studied (basal cell and epidermoid carcinoma of the skin were excluded). Among cancers of the digestive system, the relative frequency of cancer of the stomach has definitely declined from a high of 9.5% before 1946 to a low of 2% in 1972. Carcinoma of the colorectum has shown a downward trend in the last decade. Among cancers of the respiratory system, cancer of the lung continues its steady increase from a relative frequency of 7% before 1946 to a high of 20% in 1974. The percentages of malignant lesions of the female organs (breast, uterine body, ovaries) have stayed relatively constant. Cancers of the central nervous system and malignancy of unknown primary site showed an increasing trend over the last 15 years.The 8 most common cancers according to their relative frequency at Los Angeles County Hospital in 1974 are: colon (10%), rectum (5%), breast (15%), lung (13%), prostate (7%), cervix uteri (6%), stomach (3%), and pancreas (3%). In general, survival results of patients in the California Tumor Registry are comparable with those reported in the national study, and survival rates of patients seen at the Los Angeles County Hospital are lower. But 5 year survival rates have improved by more than 3 percentage points for patients with all stages of cancer of the colon, breast, prostate, and cervix uteri diagnosed at the Los Angeles County Hospital in recent years.
Factors affecting survival following radical mastectomy
Authors: Freund H. , Grover N. B. , Durst A. L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractData on 17 potentially useful factors from 152 women undergoing radical mastectomy for operable breast cancer were analyzed in order to determine the effect of each on survival and their relative importance. Only four, clinical stage, clinical and pathological lymph node involvement, and appearance of recurrence and metastases, proved to be of significant prognostic value. Axillary nodal involvement was the main single determinant of survival. Multiple regression analysis, based on factor analysis of the original input variables, was able to account for 34% of the variance in survival and is thus of only very limited use as a predictive instrument in the clinical management of prospective patients.
Common antigens found on fetal cells and viral transformed adult prostatic tissue
Authors: Javadpour N. , Hyatt C. L. , Barone J. J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn vivo and in vitro immunologic cross reactivity between SV40 virus transformed prostatic tissue and fetal antigens of LVG/LAK strain hamsters has been studied. The hamsters immunized with fetal antigens demonstrated significant resistance to tumor growth. Complement‐dependent humoral cytotoxicity of target SV40 tumor cells in microtest plates was used to demonstrate the presence of significant antibody titer in fetal‐immunized hamsters. When the immune sera were absorbed with SV40 transformed prostatic tissue, cytotoxicity indices were markedly lower than with the unabsorbed immune sera. The transformed prostatic tissue was found to have an elevated tartrate inhibited acid phosphatase indicative of the presence of epithelial components in the transformed tissue. These experiments demonstrate in vivo and in vitro cross reactivity between fetal antigens and tumor associated antigens of transformed prostatic tissue. This study suggests a similarity between fetal antigens and antigens of a specific organ tissue (prostate) transformed by a DNA oncogenic virus.
Carcinoembryonic antigen follow‐up and selection of patients for second‐look operation in management of gastrointestinal carcinoma
Authors: Staab Hans J. , Anderer F. Alfred , Stumpf Edgar , Fischer Rainer 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA long‐term post operative carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) follow‐up study is carried out with patients having undergone primary resection of histologically proved adenocarcinomas of the gastrointestinal tract. Up to now, 122 patients who underwent curative resections, as judged from the situs and the results of histologic examinations, were followed up for tumor recurrence by computerized CEA surveillance diagrams and clinical diagnostic methods. In the cases of tumor recurrence the rise of the CEA level preceded a positive clinical diagnosis by a mean of 4 months. On the basis of the CEA time course, we selected 28 patients for second‐look surgery. In all cases proof of recurrence of the disease was obtained. A local recurrence correlating with a slow CEA rise was generally resectable, metastases correlating with a rapid CEA rise were only in some cases resectable, provided that second‐look surgery was carried out without delay.
Effect of operation on B and T lymphocyte counts
Authors: Lee Yeu‐Tsu N. , Marshall G. June , Jalaba Jerry 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPreoperative and postoperative studies of peripheral B and T lymphocyte counts were accomplished in 21 patients. Diagnoses included 10 carcinoma of the breast, 3 sarcoma, and 8 benign diseases. On postoperative day one and two, an increase in B‐cell percentage was observed in the majority of patients tested. However, there was a decrease in total lymphocyte count and fast‐reacting T lymphocyte numbers on postoperative day one, especially in patients who had intraabdominal operations. All the lymphocyte counts returned to preoperative range within one week. Pertinent reports in the literature were reviewed and discussed.
Special problems in the evaluation of results in adjuvant trials of cancer treatment
Authors: Higgins George A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAdjuvant trials in cancer treatment present special problems in statistical analysis. When the primary treatment modality results in a relatively high cure rate and additional methods of treatment are being inserted in an effort to raise the figures to even higher levels, therapeutic benefit can be obscured unless all features of the study are carefully considered. Biologic benefit may easily be masked by the sizable number of patients randomized to receive adjuvant treatment who have no residual tumor and therefore could not possibly benefit therefrom. For example, 50% of patients undergoing “curative” resection for colon cancer survive without evidence of disease beyond the five‐year postoperative period; thus at least half the patients randomized to receive adjuvant treatment (chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy) will be disease‐free at the time of randomization and cannot benefit from adjuvant therapy. New methods of assessment of treatment must be developed; otherwise, substantial therapeutic effectiveness may go undetected.