bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immunoperoxidase characterization of extramedullary plasmacytoma of the head and neck
Authors: Mock Presley M. , Neal G. David , Aufdemorte Thomas B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA retrospective analysis of 18 cases of extramedulary plasma‐cytoma (EMP) was done to characterize the type of immuno‐globulin being synthesized by the neoplastic cells. The immunoperoxidase stain can be performed on previously fixed tissue and offers a means of predicting the likelihood of progression to multiple myeloma (MM). Tumors producing lgG make up the majority of cases of EMP in the literature and only 9% have progressed to MM. Smaller numbers of tumors producing other immunoglobulin classes have been studied, but it is clear that their prognosis is much more grave.
Monocytes and impaired leukocyte migration inhibitory factor production in head and neck squamous carcinoma
Authors: Beauchamp Mark L. , Wolf Gregory T. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractImpaired cell‐mediated immunity has been consistently associated with head and neck squamous carcinoma (HNSC). Previous work has implicated monocytes in this impairment. The present study shows that in a subgroup of untreated patients with advanced HNSC, monocytes are responsible for impaired in vitro lymphokine (leukocyte migration inhibitory factor) production. In view of recent studies suggesting interactions between lymphokines and monocytes in the immune response, the present findings may be relevant to future immunotherapeutic approaches.
Reactive changes in the mandible in the presence of squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: McGregor Alan D. , MacDonald D. Gordon 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA series of 80 mandibles, which were removed as part of composite resections for primary intraoral squamous cell carcinoma, was examined. Of these, 58 were nonirradiated and 22 were previously irradiated. Several changes were observed in the non‐irradiated mandible in response to invading tumor. Deposition of new bone was obvious on the periosteal and endosteal surfaces. Osteoclastic resorption of bone was prominent and there was replacement of hemopoietic marrow by fibrous tissue. By contrast, it was found in the irradiated specimens that osteo‐blastic activity was absent but that osteoclastic activity persisted. The hemopoietic marrow was replaced by fibrous tissue. The lack of osteoblastic activity was interpreted as being due to irradiation. The extent of these changes and their relationship to the invading tumor have implications for both surgeon and pathologist.
Evoked electromyography of the eleventh nerve and trapezius muscle
Authors: Hillel Allen D. , Dobie Robert , Little James 
Published: February 2007

AbstractValues and criteria for abnormality of the eleventh nerve evoked electromyography (EEMG) have been determined. The nerve conduction velocity and duration appear to be relatively consistent from subject to subject. Amplitude of response, while varying significantly from subject to subject, remains relatively constant when the right shoulder is compared to the left shoulder and when a retest is performed.
Studying the performance and agility of individuals using cooperative and competitive incentives
Authors: Yauch Charlene A. , Wright Paul 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCooperation and competition have frequently been compared to determine the impact on performance measures such as productivity and quality. A modern characteristic that is sought after is agility, which is defined as success in a turbulent environment. This research builds on past studies of cooperation and competition by including agility as a key performance measure. An experiment was conducted in which a group of individuals with cooperative incentives and another group with competitive incentives experienced alternating stable and turbulent environments. Statistically significant differences were found for completion times and overall scores for the stable versus turbulent trials, and for product quality and cleanliness for the cooperative versus competitive treatments. The cooperative individuals scored better in every category except agility. These results suggest that individuals working cooperatively can create higher quality products; however, competitive incentives may help achieve agility. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Hum Factors Man 17: 105–115, 2007.
Worker flexibility and its perceived contribution to performance: The moderating role of task characteristics
Authors: Molleman Eric , van den Beukel Annick 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis study examined the relationship between worker flexibility in team‐based work and its perceived contribution to efficiency, work quality, and innovation, and the moderating role of task autonomy, skill utilization, and task monotony. Four‐hundred ninety‐four employees from 113 teams in 15 organizations completed and returned questionnaires. Skill utilization proved to be positively related to perceived contribution of flexibility to efficiency, work quality, and innovation. Furthermore, skill utilization strengthened the positive relationships between worker flexibility and its perceived contribution to efficiency and work quality and weakened the negative relationship between worker flexibility and its perceived impact on innovation. Task monotony was negatively related to the perceived quality benefits of being flexible. In addition, it weakened the positive relationship between worker flexibility and its perceived contribution to both efficiency and quality and strengthened the negative relationship with the perceived impact of flexibility on innovation. Task autonomy was positively related to the perceived contribution of flexibility to innovation and weakened the negative relationship between worker flexibility and the perceived innovation benefits of being flexible. The authors conclude that skill utilization and lack of monotony are important issues in relation to worker flexibility on all performance objectives that were considered, whereas task autonomy seems especially relevant when innovation is a key issue. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Hum Factors Man 17: 117–135, 2007.
Knowledge acquisition for the development of an upper‐body work‐related musculoskeletal disorders analysis tool
Authors: Nunes Isabel Lopes 
Published: February 2007

AbstractERGO_X is a fuzzy expert system that supports workstation ergonomic analysis and provides advice on corrective measures aimed at improving the overall quality of the ergonomic design. ERGO_X was designed in a modular way to make further developments easier and to allow the selection of different ergonomic analysis contexts. The modularity feature mainly is a result of the knowledge base modular structure. Each module was built as a multilevel tree fuzzy relation. This relation reflects the interaction between attributes that are used to evaluate the level of severity of the relevant risk factors that are present at the analyzed workstation. The aim of this study is to address some aspects related to the knowledge acquisition process involved in the development of the ERGO_X knowledge base. In this regard, the author refers to her knowledge engineering activities in the development of a work‐related musculoskeletal disorder module. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Hum Factors Man 17: 149–162, 2007.
Novel Triterpenoids from Microtropis triflora with Antitumor Activities
Authors: Wang Kui‐Wu , Zhang Hong , Pan Yuan‐Jiang 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwo unprecedented norfriedelane‐type triterpenoids, triflora lactone (1) and triptocalline B (2), were isolated from the MeOH extract of the stalks of Microtropis triflora Merr. et Freem., together with five known compounds (3–7). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic and mass‐spectrometric data (Tables 1 and 2). The new compounds were found to be cytotoxic against human cervical squamous carcinoma (Hela) cells, with IC50 values of 21.6 and 17.6 μg/ml, respectively.
Novel Alkaloids from Stemona sessilifolia
Authors: Qian Jie , Zhan Zha‐Jun 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwo new alkaloids, sessilifolines A (1) and B (2a), were isolated from the stems of Stemona sessilifolia, together with three known alkaloids, tuberstemonine (3), sessilifoliamide A (4), and stemoninoamide (5). Their structures were established by mass‐spectrometric and spectroscopic methods, especially 2D‐NMR techniques.
Optimization of Glycosylation Reactions in a Microreactor
Authors: Geyer Karolin , Seeberger Peter H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractGlycosylations are notoriously difficult reactions that require extensive optimization regarding the type of anomeric leaving group, solvent, reaction temperature, and reaction time. Described is the use of a silicon‐based microreactor to screen reaction conditions and to scale‐up synthetic procedures. For the first time, glycosyl phosphates were employed in a microreactor. The optimized reaction conditions were successfully transferred to a batch process.
Five Aromatics Bearing a 4‐O‐Methylglucose Unit from Cordyceps cicadae
Authors: Zhang Shu‐Wei , Xuan Li‐Jiang 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFive new aromatics bearing a 4‐O‐methylglucose unit, namely 3‐methoxy‐1,4‐hydroquinone 1‐(4′‐O‐methyl‐β‐glucopyranoside) (=4‐hydroxy‐3‐methoxyphenyl 4‐O‐methyl‐β‐glucopyranoside; 1), 3‐methoxy‐1,4‐hydroquinone 4‐(4′‐O‐methyl‐β‐glucopyranoside) (=4‐hydroxy‐2‐methoxyphenyl 4‐O‐methyl‐β‐glucopyranoside; 2), vanillic acid 4‐(4′‐O‐methyl‐β‐glucopyranoside) (=3‐methoxy‐4‐[(O‐methyl‐β‐glucopyranosyl)oxy]benzoic acid; 3), 5‐methoxycinnamic acid 3‐O‐(4′‐O‐methyl‐β‐glucopyranoside) (=(2E)‐3‐{3‐methoxy‐5‐[(4‐O‐methyl‐β‐glucopyranosyl)oxy]phenyl}prop‐2‐enoic acid; 4), and naphthalene‐1,8‐diol 1,8‐bis(4′‐O‐methyl‐β‐glucopyranoside) (=naphthalene‐1,8‐diyl bis(4‐O‐methyl‐β‐glucopyranoside; 5), were isolated from the cultivated Cordyceps cicadae mycelia, together with thirteen known compounds. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic methods. The absolute configurations of the sugar units were not determined.
Convective heat transfer and pressure drop of a tube with internal longitudinal fins
Authors: Wu Feng , Lin Mei , Tian Lin , Wang Qiuwang , Luo Laiqin 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe fluid flows and heat transfer characteristics of a tube with internal longitudinal fins were investigated experimentally and numerically. The realizable turbulence model was adopted to simulate the problem, whose results indicate a good agreement with the measured data. Compared with the circular annulus tube, it was shown that the internal longitudinal finned tube provides excellent heat transfer performance greater than those of the circular annulus tube, with a great increase of simultaneous pressure drops. Furthermore, there exists a critical Reynolds number, about 1500, when the Reynolds number is less than the critical value, and the Nusselt number of an internal longitudinal finned tube will be smaller than that of a circular annulus tube in laminar flow. On the other hand, the transition Reynolds number for a tube with internal longitudinal fins from laminar to turbulent is greatly decreased due to the existence of internal longitudinal fins. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res, 36(2): 57–65, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/htj.20147
Comparing the performance of a 2‐D finite element and a 2‐D finite volume model of floodplain inundation using airborne SAR imagery
Authors: Horritt M. S. , Di Baldassarre G. , Bates P. D. , Brath A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe performances of a finite volume model (SFV) and finite element model (TELEMAC‐2D) in reproducing inundation on a 16 km reach of the river Severn, United Kingdom, are compared. Predicted inundation extents are compared with 4 airborne synthetic aperture radar images of a major flood event in November 2000, and these are used to calibrate 2 values of Manning's n for the channel and floodplain. The four images are shown to have different capacities to constrain roughness parameters, with the image acquired at low flow rate doing better in determining these parameters than the image acquired at approximately peak flow. This is assigned to the valley filling nature of the flood and the associated insensitivity of flood extent to changes in water level. The level of skill demonstrated by the models, when compared with inundation derived using a horizontal water free surface, also increases as flow rate drops. The two models show markedly different behaviours to the calibration process, with TELEMAC showing less sensitivity and lower optimum values for Manning's n than SFV. When the models are used in predictive mode, calibrated against one image and predicting another, SFV performs better than TELEMAC. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Soil moisture monitoring on a steep hillside
Authors: Kim Sanghyun , Lee Heysun , Woo Nam C , Kim Joon 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn this study, a soil monitoring system for a hillslope with steep relief and shallow soil depth was designed and installed to represent efficiently the spatial and temporal features of soil moisture. The study was conducted on a mountainous hillslope of the Sulmachun catchment (northeastern South Korea). The positions of soil moisture sensors were determined through a sequential procedure including intensive geomorphologic surveying of the study area, surface and subsurface terrain analysis, and inverse surveying. Using 26 sensors, soil moisture data from 11 locations were measured and recorded at hourly intervals over 380 h from 6 to 22 November 2003. Soil moisture response patterns were captured for a few consecutive rainfall events. The monitoring results are discussed in the context of soil moisture variations with terrain attributes. The immediate recharge and fast recession after a peak are the primary features of soil moisture in the upper zone. Stability and significant storage increase are distinct characteristics of soil moisture in the buffer zone and the flow path zone respectively. Spatial distribution of temporal soil moisture variations can be characterized in terms of recession, stability and recharge depending upon the topographic classification of a hillslope for this approach. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Geochemistry of meteoric diagenesis in carbonate islands of the northern Bahamas: 2. Geochemical modelling and budgeting of diagenesis
Authors: Whitaker Fiona F. , Smart Peter L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractGeochemical characterization and numerical modelling of surface water and ground water, combined with hydrological observations, provide quantitative estimates of meteoric diagenesis in Pleistocene carbonates of the northern Bahamas.Meteoric waters equilibrate with aragonite, but water‐ rather than mineral‐controlled reactions dominate. Dissolutional lowering of the undifferentiated bedrock surface is an order of magnitude slower than that within soil‐filled topographic hollows, generating small‐scale relief at a rate of 65–140 mm ka−1 and a distinctive pocketed topography. Oxidation of organic matter within the subsoil and vadose zones generates an average P of 4·0 × 10−3 atm, which drives dissolution during vadose percolation and/or at the water table. However, these dissolution processes together account for <60% of the average rock‐derived calcium in groundwaters pumped from the freshwater lens. The additional calcium may derive from oxidation of organic carbon within the lens, accounting for the high P of the lens waters. Mixing between meteoric waters of differing chemistry is diagenetically insignificant, but evapotranspiration from the shallow water table is an important drive for subsurface cementation.Porosity generation in the shallow vadose zone averages 1·6–3·2% ka−1. Phreatic meteoric diagenesis is focused near the water table, where dissolution generates porosity at 1·4–2·8% ka−1. Maximum dissolution rates, however, are similar to those of evaporation‐driven precipitation, which occludes porosity of 4·0 ± 0·6% ka−1. This drives porosity inversion, from primary interparticle to secondary mouldic, vug and channel porosity. In the deeper freshwater lens, oxidation of residual organic carbon and reoxidation of reduced sulphur species from deeper anaerobic oxidation of organic carbon may generate porosity up to 0·06% ka−1.Meteoric diagenesis relies critically on hydrological routing and vadose thickness (controlled by sea level), as well as the geochemical processes active. A thin vadose zone permits direct evaporation from the water table and drives precipitation of meteoric phreatic cements even where mineral stabilization is complete. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hydrological heterogeneity of an alpine stream–lake network in Switzerland
Authors: Robinson Christopher T. , Matthaei Sebastian 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWater source and lake landscape position can strongly influence the physico‐chemical characteristics of flowing waters over space and time. We examined the physico‐chemical heterogeneity in surface waters of an alpine stream‐lake network (>2600 m a.s.l.) in Switzerland. The catchment comprises two basins interspersed with 26 cirque lakes. The larger lakes in each basin are interconnected by streams that converge in a lowermost lake with an outlet stream. The north basin is primarily fed by precipitation and groundwater, whereas the south basin is fed mostly by glacial melt from rock glaciers. Surface flow of the entire channel network contracted by ∼60% in early autumn, when snowmelt runoff ceased and cold temperatures reduced glacial outputs, particularly in the south basin. Average water temperatures were ∼4 °C cooler in the south basin, and temperatures increased by about 4–6 °C along the longitudinal gradient within each basin. Although overall water conductivity was low (<27 µS cm−1) because of bedrock geology (ortho‐gneiss), the south basin had two times higher conductivity values than the north basin. Phosphate‐phosphorus levels were below analytical detection limits, but particulate phosphorus was about four times higher in the north basin (seasonal average: 9 µg l−1) than in the south basin (seasonal average: 2 µg l−1). Dissolved nitrogen constituents were around two times higher in the south basin than in the north basin, with highest values averaging > 300 µg l−1 (nitrite + nitrate‐nitrogen), whereas particulate nitrogen was approximately nine times greater in the north basin (seasonal average: 97 µg l−1) than in the south basin (seasonal average: 12 µg l−1). Total inorganic carbon was low (usually <0·8 mg l−1), silica was sufficient for algal growth, and particulate organic carbon was 4·5 times higher in the north basin (average: 0·9 mg l−1) than in the south basin (average: 0·2 mg l−1). North‐basin streams showed strong seasonality in turbidity, particulate‐nitrogen and ‐phosphorus, and particulate organic carbon, whereas strong seasonality in south‐basin streams was observed in conductivity and dissolved nitrogen. Lake position influenced the seasonal dynamics in stream temperatures and nutrients, particularly in the groundwater/precipitation‐fed north‐basin network. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Epstein‐barr virus genotypes in NPC biopsies from North Africa
Authors: Bouzid M. , Djennaoui D. , Dubreuil J. , Bouguermouh A. , Ellouz D. , Abdelwahab J. , Decaussin G. , Ooka T. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe genotypes of Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) were investigated in North African nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) biopsies, nasopharyngeal chronic inflammation (NCI) biopsies, and saliva of healthy individuals from Algeria and Tunisia where there is an intermediate incidence of NPC. The prevalence of A‐type virus in NPC, NCI biopsies and saliva of healthy individuals was found in these regions by means of a PCR assay. Restriction enzyme polymorphism analysis by Southern blotting revealed that all North African EBV variants have a conserved restriction site on BamHI W'‐1′ and XhoI LMP gene. No additional BamHI enzyme site on the BamHI‐F fragment was observed; however, the presence of an extra BamHI site on the BamHI‐H fragment giving 2 H1 and H2 fragment‐like EBV M‐ABA strains was found. All EBV strains present in NPC or NCI biopsies at all ages were homogeneous in these polymorphisms and no correlation was observed between the EBV genotypes from NPC patients and clinical stages of the cancer. These characteristics revealed a significant difference between the EBV variants common in Chinese NPC and those in North African NPC.
Intestinal differentiation and p53 gene alterations in barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Moore Jason H. , Lesser Eric J. , Erdody David H. , Natale Ronald B. , Orringer Mark B. , Beer David G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe development of esophageal adenocarcinoma is frequently associated with intestinal‐type Barrett's metaplasia. Barrett's metaplasia and esophageal adenocarcinomas were examined for expression of the intestinal brush‐border‐associated hydrolase aminopeptidase N (APN). APN mRNA was detected by utilizing the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) in 50% of Barrett's metaplasia specimens and in 26% of esophageal adenocarcinomas. APN protein was detected by utilizing immunohistochemistry in 84% of Barrett's metaplasia specimens and in 71% of adenocarcinomas, although a decrease or loss of APN protein was sometimes observed in dysplastic Barrett's metaplasia and adenocarcinomas. Alterations in the p53 tumor‐suppressor gene have previously been found in both dysplastic Barrett's mucosa and esophageal adenocarcinomas. The same specimens analyzed for APN were examined for the nuclear accumulation of the p53 protein. Utilizing immunohistochemistry, p53 staining was detected in 42% of Barrett's metaplasia specimens, most of which were dysplastic, and in 58% of adenocarcinomas. In the samples positive for p53 protein, gene mutations in exons 5, 7 and 8 were detected by utilizing single‐strand conformation polymorphism analysis (SSCP) in 1 Barrett's metaplasia specimen and 6 adenocarcinomas. In Barrett's metaplasia, there was an inverse correlation between APN protein expression and p53 protein accumulation (p < 0.05) suggesting a link between genetic alterations and loss of this marker. The analysis of markers of intestinal differentiation with markers of disease progression may prove to be a useful approach for studying carcinogenesis in Barrett's metaplasia.