bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simple Fabrication of Full Color Colloidal Crystal Films with Tough Mechanical Strength
Authors: Wang Jingxia , Wen Yongqiang , Ge Hongli , Sun Zhongwei , Zheng Yongmei , Song Yanlin , Jiang Lei 
Published: March 2006

AbstractSummary: Colloidal crystal films with a special FCC structure and tough mechanical strength were simply fabricated using latex spheres with a hard PS core and an elastometric PMMA/PAA shell. The monodispersed latex spheres were prepared in one step without any further purification procedure. Distinguished from conventional colloidal crystal films by a bicontinuous FCC structure, the film was fully dense with separate air space, which can greatly improve the mechanical strength of the film. Furthermore, films with brilliant and monochromatic colors covering the entire visible region were fabricated by controlling the diameters of the assembled latex spheres (see Figure). Such a simple method for fabricating PBG tunable colloidal crystal films with tough mechanical strength would have wide applications in many fields, such as optical devices and decorative materials.
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Microfabricated devices: A new sample introduction approach to mass spectrometry
Authors: Lazar Iulia M. , Grym Jakub , Foret Frantisek 
Published: February 2006

AbstractInstrument miniaturization is one way of addressing the issues of sensitivity, speed, throughput, and cost of analysis in DNA diagnostics, proteomics, and related biotechnology areas. Microfluidics is of special interest for handling very small sample amounts, with minimal concerns related to sample loss and cross‐contamination, problems typical for standard fluidic manipulations. Furthermore, the small footprint of these microfabricated structures leads to instrument designs suitable for high‐density, parallel sample processing, and high‐throughput analyses. In addition to miniaturized systems designed with optical or electrochemical detection, microfluidic devices interfaced to mass spectrometry have also been demonstrated. Instruments for automated sample infusion analysis are now commercially available, and microdevices utilizing chromatographic or capillary electrophoresis separation techniques are under development. This review aims at documenting the technologies and applications of microfluidic mass spectrometry for the analysis of proteomic samples. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., Mass Spec Rev 25:573–594, 2006
Mass spectrometric characterization of high‐valent metal‐oxo, ‐peroxo and ‐peroxy intermediates of relevance in oxidation processes
Authors: Bortolini Olga , Conte Valeria 
Published: March 2006

AbstractThe coupling of mass spectrometry with ionization techniques like electrospray ionization (ESI) or matrix‐assisted matrix‐assisted laser desorption‐ionization (MALDI) offers many advantages over other well‐established spectroscopic techniques employed for the investigation of intermediates or short‐lived species in condensed‐phase. In this review we describe some of the applications of mass spectrometry, in particular of ESI‐MS to the detection and characterization of high‐valent metal‐oxo, ‐peroxo and ‐peroxy derivatives, crucial intermediates in the oxyfunctionalization of organic substrates. In addition, by utilizing gas‐phase ion‐molecule reactions and MS/MS experiments, information on the intrinsic reactivity of the short‐lived intermediates may be obtained. The combined use of ESI‐MS in association with other spectroscopic techniques and theoretical calculations is discussed as well. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Green tea polyphenol (−)‐epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate inhibits cyclooxygenase‐2 expression in colon carcinogenesis
Authors: Peng Guang , Dixon Dan A. , Muga Stephanie J. , Smith Theresa J. , Wargovich Michael J. 
Published: February 2006

AbstractTea, one of the most widely consumed beverages worldwide, has been shown to have anti‐cancer activity in various cancers including colon cancer. It has been demonstrated that overexpression of the inducible isoform of cyclooxygenase (COX‐2) occurs during colon tumorigenesis and inhibition of COX‐2 by non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is chemopreventive. To determine whether the anti‐cancer effect associated with green tea impacted COX‐2 expression levels, human colorectal cancer cell lines HT‐29 and HCA‐7, were treated with (−)‐epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate (EGCG), the most abundant and effective polyphenol of green tea. EGCG significantly inhibited constitutive COX‐2 mRNA and protein overexpression. The inhibitory effects of EGCG on signaling pathways controlling COX‐2 expression were examined. We observed that EGCG downregulated the ERK1/2 and Akt pathways in colon cancer cells. The effect of EGCG on COX‐2 expression resulted in decreased COX‐2 promoter activity via inhibition of nuclear factor κB (NF‐κB) activation. EGCG also promoted rapid mRNA decay mediated through the COX‐2 3′untranslated region (3′UTR). In conclusion, these data suggest that inhibition of COX‐2 is a mechanism for the anti‐proliferative effect of green tea and emphasizes the role that dietary factors have as anti‐cancer agents. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Germin‐like protein Cit s 1 and profilin Cit s 2 are major allergens in orange (Citrus sinensis) fruits
Authors: Crespo Jesus F. , Retzek Mechthild , Foetisch Kay , Sierra‐Maestro Elena , Cid‐Sanchez Ana B. , Pascual Cristina Y. , Conti Amedeo , Feliu Angelica , Rodriguez Julia , Vieths Stefan , Scheurer Stephan 
Published: March 2006

AbstractOranges are clinically relevant allergenic foods. To date, orange allergens have not been characterized in detail. The study is aimed at analyzing the sensitization profile in orange‐sensitized subjects with and without clinical allergy, and to identify orange allergens. Fifty‐six sensitized subjects with self‐reported reactions to orange were grouped into reactors (anaphylaxis or multiple episodes of immediate reactions and/or positive challenge tests) and non‐reactors (negative open food challenge tests). Allergens were characterized by IgE immunoblotting, N‐terminal sequencing, IgE‐inhibition assays, and mediator release assays were performed to determine the allergenic potency of orange profilin. Of 56 subjects, 23 were classified as orange allergic showing mainly an oral allergy syndrome. Of 23 subjects classified as orange allergic, 22 were sensitized to profilin, Cit s 2. In patients with mono‐sensitization to profilin in vitro histamine releases up to 75% from basophils were induced using orange extract and purified plant profilins. Of the allergic patients 78% were sensitized to germin‐like protein, Cit s 1. Both allergens showed retained IgE reactivity in heat‐processed orange juice. Interestingly, subjects with and without clinical allergy showed a comparable sensitization profile. Profilin and germin‐like proteins are major orange allergens. The potential clinical relevance of orange profilin was indicated by its strong capacity to release histamine from basophils. However, a predominant sensitization to both allergens in subjects without symptoms also indicates a high frequency of clinically insignificant sensitization.
Resonances of 2D MESA periodic structures in integrated optics by unit cell structure design
Authors: Massaro Alessandro , Pierantoni Luca , Rozzi Tullio 
Published: February 2006

AbstractWe present a theoretical approach in view to design a 2D MESA periodic structure. The model is based on Floquet's theory under the hypotheses of (i) low dielectric contrast and (ii) absence of corner diffraction, and derives the characteristics equations by the wavenumber conservation. The theory is validated by using a standard FEM simulator, which confirms the location of resonances and gives insight about the electromagnetic field behavior. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 48: 629–632, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21428
Stability of a hybrid FDTD‐circuit model for on‐chip power‐grid switching analysis
Authors: Ihm Jae‐Yong , Cangellaris Andreas C. 
Published: February 2006

AbstractA circuit model for the package‐to‐chip power grid interface is presented for use in conjunction with the finite‐difference time‐domain (FDTD) simulation of on‐chip power‐grid switching. A numerical scheme is proposed for the integration of the hybrid circuit/FDTD model, the stability of which is dictated by the CFL condition for the FDTD grid and thus is independent of the specific values of the circuit elements in the lumped model. Numerical experiments are performed to demonstrate the numerical stability of the model and its accuracy. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 48: 644–649, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21433
Separated treatment of time and spatial refinement using the FDTD‐3D method
Authors: Denanot Francis , Guiffaut Christophe , Reineix Alain 
Published: February 2006

AbstractThis paper deals with spatial and time refinement using the FDTD‐3D method. An original methodology is presented in which time refinement and spatial refinement with a ratio of two are performed in two separated stage. It aims to simplify algorithms of refinement schemes and to better control the stability and reflection. In particular, a simple time‐refinement scheme is proposed with stability over a long time. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 48: 649–655, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21434
Design of microstrip‐fed proximity‐coupled conducting‐polymer patch antenna
Authors: Rmili Hatem , Miane Jean‐Louis , Zangar Habib , Olinga Thomas 
Published: February 2006

AbstractA conducting‐polymer patch antenna is fabricated using a screen‐printing technique. Polyaniline (Pani) film of conductivity 6000 S/m, permittivity 6000, and thickness 100 μm is used as a radiating patch to realize a microstrip‐fed proximity‐coupled Pani‐patch antenna operating at around 10 GHz. Ansoft‐HFSS was used as a design tool to validate the experimental measurements of the antenna. The measured and simulated results of the resonant frequency, return loss, gain, bandwidth, and radiation patterns are presented. The simulations and measurements are performed on both copper‐ and Pani‐antennas for comparison. Details of the design considerations and the simulation and experimental results are presented and discussed. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett, 48: 655–660, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21435
Method for measuring target cross sections in the optical band
Authors: Wilfert* Otakar , Kolka Zdenĕk 
Published: February 2006

AbstractThis paper presents the results of measuring relative local target cross sections. The method for calculating the target cross section in the optical band (OCS) on the basis of an experimentally obtained data of a real target is clarified. As an example, the calculation of the OCS of T‐72 tank illuminated by laser beam with a divergence of 1 mrad and a wavelength of 1060 nm is shown. The values of the OCS were calculated for various range levels so that the range dependence of OCS could be presented graphically. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 48: 664–667, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21437
Anisotropic metamaterials as antenna substrate to enhance directivity
Authors: Wu Bae‐Ian , Wang Weijen , Pacheco Joe , Chen Xudong , Lu Jie , Grzegorczyk Tomasz M. , Kong Jin Au , Kao Peter , Theophelakes Paul A. , Hogan Michael J. 
Published: February 2006

AbstractSimulations have been carried out on metamaterials in the microwave regime. S‐parameters obtained from waveguide simulations of a unit cell are used to retrieve the effective permittivity and permeability with which we compute the far‐field radiation of a monopole embedded in a metamaterial substrate using an analytic method. We find that the analytic method is able to predict features of the experimental results, implying that within a certain frequency range, we can treat the metamaterial as being anisotropically homogeneous. Based on the methodology, a structure is optimized for the application of metamaterials as antenna substrate to enhance directivity by minimizing its refractive index. The experimental results are presented and compared with the analytic calculations. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 48: 680–683, 2006; Pubished online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com) DOI 10.1002/mop.21441
Computation of antenna directivity from cylindrical near‐field measurements
Authors: Ferrara F. , Gennarelli C. , Guerriero R. , Riccio G. , Savarese C. 
Published: February 2006

AbstractAn effective technique is proposed in this paper for evaluating the directivity of an antenna under test from near‐field measurements on a cylinder. It employs a closed‐form formula for computing the total radiated power from the knowledge of the radiation intensity samples on the far‐field sphere. These samples are determined via a probe‐compensated near‐field–far‐field transformation and result to be even in number on each parallel. The effectiveness of such a procedure is assessed through numerical tests. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 48: 686–691, 2006; Pubished online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com) DOI 10.1002/mop.21443
An octave‐band smooth‐wall pyramidal horn
Authors: Selvan Krishnasamy T. , Sreenivasan M. 
Published: February 2006

AbstractA smooth‐wall pyramidal horn offering satisfactory performance over an octave bandwidth (in the frequency range 4–8 GHz) is reported. While the VSWR is 1.5 or better, the pattern and gain characteristics are also acceptable. The experimental results are presented and compared with those obtained by simulation. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 48: 691–693, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21444
Novel compact lowpass filter with CMRC based on defected ground structure
Authors: Chen Ya‐Jun 
Published: February 2006

AbstractIn this paper, we propose a novel defected ground structure (DGS) for lowpass filter applications. The basic resonant element of the proposed DGS unit shows the elliptic characteristics, and two transmission zeros can be realized to extend the stopband. Incorporating compact microstrip resonant cell (CMRC) in microstrip line above the DGS unit improves the rejection level of stopband. The theoretical and measured results are presented and show good agreement. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 48: 695–697, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21446
Influence of losses and dispersion of the reference line of LRM on the parasitic and intrinsic element values of on‐wafer transistors
Authors: Reynoso‐Hernández J. Apolinar , Maya‐Sánchez Ma. Carmen , Zúñiga‐Juárez J. E. 
Published: February 2006

AbstractIn this paper, the parasitic and intrinsic elements of the coplanar PHEMTs are determined from S‐parameter measurements corrected using the classical LRM calibration technique and the improved LRM with a reference line of arbitrary length. For the first time to our knowledge, it is demonstrated that the classical LRM calibration technique overestimates the parasitic inductances. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 48: 701–705, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21448
Optical microphone based on a reflective micromirror diaphragm
Authors: Song Ju‐Han , Gu Hyun‐Mo , Park Hyun‐Jung , Lee Sang‐Shin 
Published: February 2006

AbstractAn optical microphone incorporating a reflective diaphragm and a fiber‐optic head is demonstrated. The diaphragm is made of a micromirror membrane which is suspended by a silicon bar connected to a frame, allowing for displacement induced by acoustic waves. A compact and simple optical head is implemented by exploiting a single multimode fiber. For the assembled microphone, the static characteristics are investigated in order to find the operation point, defined as the optimum distance between the head and the diaphragm, and a flat frequency response with a variation of ∼2 dB for the range of 0.1 to 2 kHz is accomplished. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 48: 707–709, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21450.
Negative phase velocity in isotropic dielectric‐magnetic media via homogenization: Part II
Authors: Lakhtakia Akhlesh , Mackay Tom G. 
Published: February 2006

AbstractThe scope for negative‐phase‐velocity (NPV) propagation in a particulate composite material, based upon isotropic dielectric‐magnetic constituent material phases which do not themselves support NPV propagation, is examined using the extended Bruggeman homogenization formalism. Unlike the conventional Bruggeman formalism, the extended formalism takes into account the dimensions of the constituent particles. Representative calculations show that increasing the particulate dimensions diminishes the scope for NPV propagation in the composite material. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 48: 709–712, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21451.
Frequency‐response simulation analysis of InGaAs/InP SAM‐APD devices
Authors: Pereira Jorge Manuel Torres 
Published: February 2006

AbstractThe frequency response of separate absorption multiplication avalanche photodiodes is investigated with regard to the effect of the absorption‐ and multiplication‐layer widths, the wavelength of the light, and the direction from which the light is injected into the absorption region. The results apply to multilayer structures with an absorption layer of In0.53Ga0.47As and an avalanche layer of InP. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 48: 712–717, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21452.
Compact planar monopole antenna with ground branch for GSM/DCS/PCS/IMT2000 operation
Authors: Sun Peng , Feng Zhenghe 
Published: February 2006

AbstractA novel compact antenna operating at GSM, DCS, PCS and IMT2000 bands is presented. With a loosely coupled ground branch, the antenna covers all 2‐G and 3‐G wireless communication bands of GSM(890–960 MHz), DCS(1710–1880 MHz), PCS(1850–1990 MHz), IMT2000 (1920–2170 MHz). © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 48: 719–721, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21454.
Gain‐clamped Raman fiber amplifier in a counter‐lasing ring‐cavity using a pair of circulators
Authors: Ahmad A. , Md Ali M. I. , Zamzuri A. K. , Mohamad R. , Mahdi M. A. 
Published: February 2006

AbstractAn all‐optical gain‐clamped Raman fiber amplifier (RFA) based on the ring‐lasing technique using a pair of circulators is demonstrated experimentally. The RFA is powered using a pair of 1465‐nm pump laser diodes, which provide a peak gain at around 1565 nm. The analyses of the gain and the noise figure are carried out using different lasing wavelengths between 1550 and 1565 nm. The gain and noise figure variations are 0.4 and 0.5 dB in the gain‐clamping range, respectively. We observe a strong influence of pump‐signal relative‐intensity noise transfer, which results in a noise‐figure penalty at the signal. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 48: 721–724, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21455
Microstripline‐fed half‐cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna for 2.4‐GHz WLAN application
Authors: Praveen Kumar A. V. , Hamsakutty V. , Yohannan Jaimon , Mathew K. T. 
Published: February 2006

AbstractA compact half‐cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) made from a high‐permittivity (εr = 69) ceramic material is investigated. A microstrip transmission line excites the DRA. The DRA shows broad and stable radiation characteristics across a matching band of 2.32 to 2.5 GHz with peak gains of 5.5 dBi in the elevation plane and 3.6 dBi in the azimuth plane. The results lead us to propose this DRA for 2.4‐GHz WLAN (2.4 to 2.484 GHz) application. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 48: 724–726, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21456
Accurate modeling of the cylindrical wire kernel
Authors: Mohan Anuraag , Weile Daniel S. 
Published: February 2006

AbstractMany existing numerical techniques used to analyze wire antennas assume the current distribution on the wire to be one‐dimensional (1D). This assumption imposes geometric constraints on the ratio of the wire radius to the discretized antenna segment length. Moreover, many kernel approximations are so inaccurate that higher‐order basis functions for wire modeling are unthinkable. More accurate kernel models are possible, but generally result in infinite series or require complicated integration rules. This work presents a new generalized approach to the modelling of cylindrical wire antennas. The method is not plagued by the aforementioned geometric restrictions and can be extended to model the higher‐order behavior of wires. The numerical results show the method to be both stable and robust. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 48: 740–744, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21461
Modified pulse shaper design with picosecond duration and wideband response for UWB applications
Authors: Liu Ji‐Chyun , Lu Shuh‐Tai , Wu Ching‐Yang , Liu Chin‐Yen , Chiang Ming‐Hsun 
Published: February 2006

AbstractA simple, compact pulse shaper of inverse Gaussian monocycle with picosecond duration and wideband response is proposed in this paper. By modifying the conventional pulse shaping circuit, the pulse shaper utilizes the RC differentiator and Schottky diode to construct the clamping circuit, and form an inverse Gaussian monocycle pulse. In addition, the short‐stub is used for constructing the resistive matching network as well as adjusting the shape of inverse Gaussian monocycle pulse. In applications, an ultra‐short inverse Gaussian monocycle pulse with duration of 600 ps, symmetry of 100%, and ring level of 5.8% has been obtained. Meanwhile, the frequency response presents the characteristic of wideband spectrum with a −3‐dB BW of 141.7%. Both the measured and simulated results are in good agreement with the time and frequency responses. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 48: 744–749, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21462
A microstrip‐fed printed crossed dipole for wireless applications
Authors: Leon Lerma F. , Ruvio G. , Ammann M. J. 
Published: February 2006

AbstractA crossed‐dipole antenna with good directivity and good isolation between ports over a wide impedance bandwidth is presented. This antenna offers polarization diversity and employs an optimized shape for the dipole wing, which yields the wide bandwidth. A quarter‐wave balun is used for matching and improved isolation. Patterns are also presented. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 48: 751–753, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21464