bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Equilibrium and Kinetic Properties of CuII Cyclophane Complexes: The Effect of Changes in the Macrocyclic Cavity Caused by Changes in the Substitution at the Aromatic Ring
Authors: Verdejo Begoña , García Basallote Manuel , Ferrer Armando , Angeles Mañez María , Hernández Juan Carlos , Chadim Martin , Hodačová Jana , Llinares José Miguel , Soriano Conxa , García‐España Enrique 
Published: January 2008

AbstractThe o‐B232, m‐B232 and p‐B232 cyclophanes result from attaching the terminal amine groups of 1,4,8,11‐tetraazaundecane (232) to the benzylic carbons of the corresponding o‐, m‐ or p‐xylanes. The cavity size of these cyclophanes changes moderately as a consequence of the substitution at the aromatic ring. The effects caused by these changes on the equilibrium constants for protonation and CuII complex formation of the cyclophanes are analyzed and compared with those of the noncyclic 232 polyamine. All three cyclophanes form mononuclear complexes, but only o‐B232 is able to coordinate to CuII through the four amine groups simultaneously, whereas m‐B232 and p‐B232 can only use three nitrogen donors. The larger cavity and higher flexibility of the latter two cyclophanes allow them to form stable dinuclear CuII complexes. The kinetics of the acid‐promoted dissociation of CuII from its mono‐ and dinuclear complexes has also been studied and the results indicate the existence of large differences in the kinetic properties for the complexes with these three closely related ligands. Whereas the mononuclear m‐B232 and p‐B232 complexes decompose with very similar kinetic behaviour to that of the Cu(232)2+ complex, the lability of the Cu–N bonds is largely reduced in the Cu(o‐B232)2+ complex, and this leads to slower decomposition and even to a different rate law for this complex. The dinuclear complexes are not formed with o‐B232, and very different decomposition kinetics is observed for the complexes formed by m‐B232 and p‐B232. In the case of m‐B232, the two metal ions are situated very close to each other, which causes a rapid release of one of them upon reaction with acid. In contrast, the larger size of p‐B232 allows it to accommodate two metal ions without important electrostatic or steric interactions so that they are released with statistically controlled kinetics.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
The Use of NMR Chemical Shifts to Predict Reaction Pathways: Methanol Formation from Oxazolidinones
Authors: Fröhlich Jörg , Berger Stefan 
Published: January 2008

AbstractThe reduction of various N‐substituted oxazolidin‐2‐ones with LiAlH4 was investigated to open a pathway for methanol formation. By 15N and 13C NMR analysis and correlation with Hammett σp parameters appropriate substituents can be found which direct the reduction into the desired pathway. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Innovative applications of laser scanning and rapid prototype printing to rock breakdown experiments
Authors: Bourke Mary , Viles Heather , Nicoli Joe , Lyew‐Ayee Parris , Ghent Rebecca , Holmlund James 
Published: January 2008

AbstractWe present the novel application of two technologies for use in rock breakdown experiments, i.e. close‐range, ground‐based 3D triangulation scanning and rapid prototype printing. These techniques aid analyses of form–process interactions across the range of scales relevant to breakdown (µm‐m). This is achieved through (a) the creation of DEMs (which permit quantitative description and aanalysis of rock surface morphology and morphological change) and (b) the production of more realistically‐shaped experimental blocks. We illustrate the use of these techniques, alongside appropriate data analysis routines, in experiments designed to investigate the persistence of fluvially‐derived features in the face of subsequent wind abrasion and weathering. These techniques have a range of potential applications in experimental field and lab‐based geomorphic studies beyond those specifically outlined here. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Alzheimer's disease in real life – the dementia carer's survey
Authors: Georges Jean , Jansen Sabine , Jackson Jim , Meyrieux Arlette , Sadowska Alicja , Selmes Micheline 
Published: January 2008

AbstractBackgroundInformal care from relatives provides the foundation of care for people with Alzheimer's disease (AD). It is important to understand the conditions under which carers perform their, often neglected, task. The dementia carer's survey aimed to identify carers' needs, differences between countries with regard to dementia care and the level of satisfaction of carers with utilised services.MethodsThe survey was conducted through Alzheimer Europe's member organisations in France, Germany, Poland, Spain and UK (Scotland). The survey was in the form of a questionnaire, and topics addressed included: demographics of carers and people with AD; time spent caring; disclosure of diagnosis; symptoms prompting diagnosis; diagnostic process; current and most distressing symptoms; carers' information requirements; evaluation of services.ResultsEach country had ∼200 responders. Time spent caring increases with disease severity, and 50% of carers of people with late‐stage dementia spent more than 10 h/day caring. Activities of daily living and behaviour were cited as the most problematic symptoms, reported by 68% and 50% of carers, respectively. Provision of information on all aspects of AD was felt to be inadequate, with key services such as home support not available to the majority of carers. Only 17% of carers considered the level of care for the elderly in their country as good.ConclusionsFurther development of services and information provision are required to help carers in their everyday caring, including coping with problematic symptoms influencing areas such as activities of daily living and behaviour. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Raman spectroscopy and related techniques: state of the art and future directions in Italy
Authors: Compagnini Giuseppe 
Published: January 2008

AbstractThe 20th Italian Conference on Raman Spectroscopy and non‐linear effects was held in Catania in June 2007. I had the pleasure to chair the Conference in which scientists from different countries shared their research activities, started new collaborations and straightened the existing ones. For the first time in the GNSR history, the contributors were invited to present papers suitable to be collected in a Special Issue of a peer‐reviewed journal and the Journal of Raman Spectroscopy has been chosen for its long tradition on Raman spectroscopy and related fields. This Special Issue is dedicated to the memory of Giorgio Mattei who recently passed away. It includes 28 contributions reporting results and new ideas on material science, biochemistry, astrophysics and science of cultural heritage. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Benefit of mediastinal and para‐aortic lymph‐node dissection for advanced gastric cancer with esophageal invasion
Authors: Nunobe Souya , Ohyama Shigekazu , Sonoo Hiroshi , Hiki Naoki , Fukunaga Tetsu , Seto Yasuyuki , Yamaguchi Toshiharu 
Published: January 2008

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesLymph‐node dissection in gastric cancers with esophageal invasion (AGCE) is of current interest. This study examined the significance of inferior mediastinal lymph‐node (IM) and para‐aortic lymph‐node (PA) dissection for this type of cancer.MethodTwo hundred and seventy cases of AGCE were clinicopathologically reviewed. An index of estimated benefit from lymph‐node dissection (IEBLD) was calculated from the frequency of lymph node metastasis in IM and PA, and from 5‐year survival rates for metastatic cases.ResultsAmong the cases of AGCE, IM and PA metastasis rates were 18.1% and 22.2%, respectively. The IEBLD for IM and PA was similar to that for dissection of the second‐tier lymph nodes around the celiac axis. The IM metastasis rate was 0.0% for esophageal invasion of 0–9 mm, 2.2% for 10–19 mm, 17.8% for 20–29 mm, and 21.7% for 30–39 mm of esophageal invasion.ConclusionAGCE is associated with a high rate of PA metastasis, and with a high rate of IM metastasis when esophageal invasion exceeds 2 cm. Since dissection of IM and PA achieved the same benefit as dissection of second‐tier lymph nodes, we recommend thorough dissection of these lymph nodes. J. Surg. Oncol. 2008;97:392–395. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Product a‐frames and proximity
Authors: Bridges Douglas S. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractContinuing the study of apartness in lattices, begun in [8], this paper deals with axioms for a product a‐frame and with their consequences. This leads to a reasonable notion of proximity in an a‐frame, abstracted from its counterpart in the theory of set‐set apartness. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Lazy bases: a minimalist constructive theory of Noetherian rings
Authors: Perdry Hervé 
Published: January 2008

AbstractWe give a constructive treatment of the theory of Noetherian rings. We avoid the usual restriction to coherent rings; we can even deal with non‐discrete rings. We introduce the concept of rings with certifiable equality which covers discrete rings and much more. A ring R with certifiable equality can be fitted with a partial ideal membership test for ideals of R. Lazy bases of ideals of R [X ] are introduced in order to derive a partial ideal membership test for ideals of R [X ]. It is then proved that if R is Noetherian, then so is R [X ]. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Structure determination of new steroids from Abutilon pakistanicum by NMR techniques
Authors: Hussain Munawar , Zahra Durey Nayab , Hussain S. M. Shakil , Ahmed Ejaz , Ahmad Ijaz , Malik Abdul , Ahmed Zaheer 
Published: January 2008

AbstractTwo new steroids provisionally named as pakisteroid‐A (1) and pakisteroid‐B (2) have been isolated in crystalline form from Abutilon pakistanicum. Their structures have been assigned as 3‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐stigmasta‐5,11(12)‐diene (1) and 24β‐ethylcholesta‐5, 9(11), 22E‐trien‐3β‐benzoate (2), respectively through extensive NMR studies. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A solid‐state 17O NMR study of L ‐phenylalanine and L ‐valine hydrochlorides
Authors: Yamada Kazuhiko , Shimizu Tadashi , Ohki Shinobu , Yamazaki Toshio 
Published: January 2008

AbstractWe have presented an experimental investigation of the oxygen‐17 chemical shielding (CS) and electric‐field‐gradient (EFG) tensors for α‐COOH groups in polycrystalline amino acid hydrochlorides. The 17O CS and EFG tensors including the relative orientations between the two NMR tensors are determined in [17O]‐L‐phenylalanine hydrochloride and [17O]‐L‐valine hydrochloride by the analysis of the 17O magic‐angle‐spinning (MAS) and stationary NMR spectra obtained at 9.4, 11.7, 16.4, and 21.8 T. The quadrupole coupling constants (CQ) and the span of the CS tensors are found to be 8.41–8.55 MHz and 7.35–7.41MHz, and 548–570 ppm and 225–231 ppm, for carbonyl and hydroxyl oxygen atoms, respectively. Extensive quantum chemical calculations using density functional theory (DFT) have been also carried out for a hydrogen‐bonding model. It is demonstrated that the behavior of the dependence of hydrogen‐bond distances on 17O NMR tensors for the halogen ions is different from those for the water molecule. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
1H and 13C NMR signal assignments of some new spiro[7H‐benzo[de]anthracene‐naphthopyrans]
Authors: Coelho Paulo J. , Fernandes Isabel C. , Carvalho Luis M. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractThe complete 1H and 13C NMR signal assignment of four new photochromic spiro[7H‐benzo[de]anthracene‐naphthopyrans] was achieved using one‐ and two‐dimensional methods (DEPT, COSY, HSQC, HMBC, NOESY). Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Contingent screening for Down syndrome—results from the FaSTER trial
Authors: Cuckle Howard S. , Malone Fergal D. , Wright David , Porter T. Flint , Nyberg David A. , Comstock Christine H. , Saade George R. , Berkowitz Richard L. , Ferreira Jose C. , Dugoff Lorraine , Craigo Sabrina D. , Timor Ilan E. , Carr Stephen R. , Wolfe Honor M. , D'Alton Mary E. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractObjectiveComparison of contingent, step‐wise and integrated screening policies.MethodsMid‐trimester Down syndrome risks were retrospectively calculated from FaSTER trial data. For contingent screening, initial risk was calculated from ultrasound measurement of nuchal translucency (NT), maternal serum pregnancy‐associated plasma protein (PAPP)‐A and free β‐human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) at 11–13 weeks, and classified positive (>1 in 30), borderline (1 in 30–1500) or negative. Borderline risks were recalculated using α‐fetoprotein, hCG, unconjugated estriol (uE3) and inhibin at 15–18 weeks, and reclassified as positive (>1 in 270) or negative. For step‐wise screening, initial negative risks were also recalculated. For integrated screening, a single risk was calculated from NT, PAPP‐A and the second trimester markers.ResultsThere were 86 Down syndrome and 32 269 unaffected pregancies. The detection rate for contingent screening was 91% and false‐positive rate was 4.5%; initial detection rate was 60%, initial false‐positive rate was 1.2% and borderline risk was 23%. Step‐wise screening had 92% detection rate and 5.1% false‐positive rate; integrated screening had 88% and 4.9% respectively.ConclusionAs predicted by modelling, the contingent screening detection rate for a fixed false‐positive rate is comparable with step‐wise and integrated screening, but substantially reduces the number needing to return for second trimester testing. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Larsen‐like phenotype associated with partial trisomy 3p and monosomy 5p
Authors: Goumy C. , Beaufrère A. M. , Tchirkov A. , Gouas L. , Gaspard F. , Giollant M. , Roucaute T. , Veronèse L. , Lemery D. , Vago P. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractBackgroundWe report on a fetus with radiographic features of Larsen Syndrome (LS) and unbalanced 3;5 translocation. Recently LS was shown to be caused by mutations in FLNB gene which maps on 3p14.3.MethodsComparative genomic hybridization (CGH) was performed to search for genomic imbalances. Fluorescence in situ analysis (FISH) was done with BAC clone RP11‐754F19 probe from the FLNB gene region (3p14.3).ResultsCGH showed a large loss of the chromosome 5 short arm and a gain of half of the short arm of chromosome 3 resulting from a derivative chromosome 5. FISH analysis with FLNB probe demonstrated that it was not triplicated. Thus, we excluded the role of a gene dosage effect of FLNB in abnormal craniofacial development in this fetus.ConclusionsTo our knowledge, this is the first report of Larsen‐like phenotype associated with unbalanced translocation resulting in partial trisomy 3p and monosomy 5p. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Anxiety and prenatal testing: do women with soft ultrasound findings have increased anxiety compared to women with other indications for testing?
Authors: Hoskovec Jennifer , Mastrobattista Joan M. , Johnston Dennis , Kerrigan Anthony , Robbins‐Furman Patricia , Wicklund Catherine A. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether there is a difference in anxiety levels in women referred for soft ultrasound findings, AMA, and abnormal serum marker screens, all of whom have a similar risk for chromosome abnormalities, in order to provide an understanding of patients' anxiety, which may enhance the genetic counseling process.MethodsTwo self‐administered questionnaires were completed after the genetic counseling session. Participants were recruited from multiple prenatal clinics throughout Houston, Texas. The State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory Form Y was used to measure anxiety in study participants. Both state and trait anxiety were assessed. Differences between groups were examined using one‐way analysis of variance, crosstabulation, chi‐square, and Tukey multiple comparisons analysis. A p‐value of < 0.05 was considered significant.ResultsTwo hundred fifteen women participated in the study: 124 AMA, 55 abnormal maternal serum screens, and 36 soft ultrasound findings. Our findings revealed that women with soft ultrasound findings and abnormal maternal serum screens had significantly higher state anxiety than women who are AMA. State anxiety in women with soft ultrasound findings was not significantly different from women with abnormal maternal serum screens. No significant difference was found between the three groups for trait anxiety. Perceived risk, decision to undergo amniocentesis, education level, and income were factors that significantly affected the women's anxiety scores. However, none of these factors proved to be successful indicators of state or trait anxiety.ConclusionA woman's referral indication is associated with different levels of anxiety as compared to the actual numerical risk for chromosome abnormalities presented during a genetic counseling session. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Proteomic analysis of human amniotic fluid from Rh− pregnancy
Authors: Hassan Md. Imtaiyaz , Kumar Vijay , Singh Tej P. , Yadav Savita 
Published: January 2008

AbstractBackgroundThe objective of this study was to identify proteins from the amniotic fluid of the most common reproductive ailment, that is, Rh− incompatibility. In the present study, AF from Rh− pregnancy in the 29–35th week of gestation was analyzed by 2‐DE, and our purpose was to identify the major spots on 2D gel.MethodsProteins from an amniotic fluid sample was separated on 2D gel and visualized after silver staining. Most of the spots were analyzed by MALDI‐TOF/MS, and were identified based on the NCBI database by a peptide mass fingerprinting method.ResultsAlbumin, serotransferrin, haptoglobin, α‐fetoprotein and immunoglobulin were the major proteins detected. On comparison with 2D gel of normal AF, differences were observed at the level of albumin, and newly identified Calgranulins and Neutophil‐defensins were observed. Many enzymes, growth factor binding proteins, protease inhibitors and proteins related to inflammation have also been identified.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates, for the first time, the potential utility of proteomics‐based approaches to identify specific biomarkers like Calgranulins and Neutophil‐defensins and diagnostic profiles for Rh− incompatibility processes and pathophysiologic conditions of pregnancy. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The effect of immersion cryotherapy on medial‐lateral postural sway variability in individuals with a lateral ankle sprain
Authors: Kernozek Thomas W. , Greany John F. , Anderson Danielle R. , Van Heel Douglas , Youngdahl Roderick L. , Benesh Benjamin G. , Durall Christopher J. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractBackground and Purpose. Postural stability has been shown to be impaired after a lateral ankle sprain (LAS) and after immersion cryotherapy in healthy ankles. This study was performed to determine the effects of cryotherapy on postural stability after LAS. Method. A single‐session, repeated measures design was used. Fifteen 18‐ to 29‐year‐old males (mean age 21.33 ± 3.54, height 71.23 ± 2.50 cm, mass 170.33 ± 19.77 kg) with relatively recent grade I LAS volunteered. Medial‐lateral postural sway variability was assessed during single‐leg barefoot stance using a Bertec force platform. Sway was tested before cryotherapy (‘Pre’), immediately after 20 minutes of lower‐leg immersion cryotherapy (‘Post0’), and 10 and 20 minutes after cryotherapy (‘Post10’ and ‘Post20’). Both legs were tested (individually) before cryotherapy; the involved leg was tested alone after cryotherapy. The uninvolved leg served as a control. Results. Postural sway variability of the involved le was significantly greater than the uninvolved le before cryotherapy (p = 0.001). Postural sway variability of the involved le was also significantly greater than the uninvolved LE during Post0 (p = 0.000), Post10 (p = 0.000) and Post20 testing (p = 0.003) with the largest increase in sway variability occurring at Post0. Conclusions. Medial‐lateral postural sway variability was greater after LAS. This effect was augmented by immersion cryotherapy. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Potential of Asparagus‐P® to Inactivate Reactive Oxygen Radicals
Authors: Dartsch Peter C. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractAsparagus‐P® is a traditional herbal medicinal product consisting of a combination of asparagus roots and parsley leaves in equal shares. It is used to support aquaretic kidney function. The present study was undertaken to shed light on the antioxidative effects of both main ingredients and their combination as in Asparagus‐P®. For that purpose, differentiated promyelocytic HL60 cells (functional neutrophils) capable of generating superoxide radicals upon stimulation, were used. Parsley leaves and, hence, also Asparagus‐P® had a marked dose‐dependent antioxidant effect, whereas asparagus roots had only a minor efficacy in this respect. In conclusion, Asparagus‐P® does not only support kidney function, but is also able to inactivate reactive oxygen radicals which might occur by a metabolic or exogenous overload (oxidative stress) or in the course of inflammatory processes. This antioxidant efficacy is primarily related to the content of parsley leaves; asparagus roots seem to enhance this efficacy by promoting the potential of parsley leaves, thus generating a synergistic effect in the combination product Asparagus‐P®. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Follicular Histotypes of Oncocytic Thyroid Carcinomas Do Not Carry Mutations of the BRAF Hot‐spot
Authors: Musholt Petra B. , Musholt Thomas J. , Morgenstern Saskia C. , Worm Karl , Sheu Sien‐Yi , Schmid Kurt W. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractBackgroundThe BRAF V600E mutation is the most prevalent genetic aberration in papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs), and it is found exclusively in RET/PTC‐negative tumors. In oncocytic (Hürthle cell, oxyphilic) thyroid tumors, the presence of RET/PTC rearrangements is associated with either the conventional papillary histotype or the “solid” Hürthle cell tumors, whereas all predominantly follicular oncocytic carcinomas do not harbor RET/PTC chimeras. Although 12% of tumors of the follicular variant of PTC carry BRAF mutations, none of the few oncocytic follicular thyroid adenomas (oncoAd) or carcinomas (oncoFTC) published worldwide tested positive. An aspired molecular‐based classification of oncocytic thyroid tumors is in need of additional evidence on BRAF mutations in the follicular histotype.MethodsA series of 44 oncocytic thyroid tumors with well‐documented clinicopathological data was subjected to BRAF mutation analysis (complete exon 15) by automated sequencing.ResultsThe series of oncocytic thyroid tumors consisted of 21 adenomas (oncoAds: 17 females, 4 males; mean age, 54.5 years; range, 27–80 years), 20 follicular carcinomas (oncoFTCs: 14 females, 6 males; mean age, 61.4 years; range, 39–80 years), and 3 “classic” papillary carcinomas (oncoPTCs: 3 females; mean age, 58.1 years; range, 46–70 years; 3x T2 tumors). The follicular variants of oncocytic cancers are divided into 11x T2, 5x T3, and 4x T4 tumor stages (International Union Against Cancer [UICC] TNM 5th edition). None of the 44 neoplasms of the presented series demonstrated genetic alterations in the BRAF hot‐spot region (exon 15, codons 599–601). Congruently, 0/10 oncoAd and 0/20 oncoFTC described in the literature so far carried BRAF V600E mutations.ConclusionsOur results add to the evidence that, in contrast to follicular variants of oncoPTCs, predominantly follicular oncocytic thyroid tumors harbor neither RET/PTC rearrangements nor BRAF mutations. Furthermore, the findings support the concept that oncocytic neoplasms of the thyroid gland are oncocytic counterparts of the respective histotype (adenoma, FTC, PTC, or poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma) rather than a separate tumor entity. Molecular characterization of oncocytic thyroid malignancies for RET/PTC or BRAF genetic alterations may help with (preoperative) classification and prognostic evaluation of these tumors.