bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Opto‐electronic properties and light‐emitting device application of widegap layered oxychalcogenides: LaCuOCh (Ch = chalcogen) and La2CdO2Se2
Authors: Hiramatsu Hidenori , Kamioka Hayato , Ueda Kazushige , Ohta Hiromichi , Kamiya Toshio , Hirano Masahiro , Hosono Hideo 
Published: August 2006

AbstractElectronic and optical properties of widegap oxychalcogenides, LaCuOCh (Ch = chalcogen) and La2CdO2Se2, are reviewed with a focus on those relevant to their layered crystal structures, including high hole mobility, degenerate p‐type conduction, room temperature exciton, and large third order optical nonlinearity. In particular, the widegap p‐type metallic conduction was realized in Mg‐doped LaCuOSe: the first demonstration among any class of widegap materials including GaN:Mg. Furthermore, we demonstrate the room temperature operation of a blue light‐emitting diode using a pn hetero‐junction composed of a LaCuOSe epilayer and an n‐type amorphous InGaZn5O8. Those results strongly suggest that a series of the layered oxychalcogenides are applicable to the light‐emitting layers in opto‐electronic devices that operate in the ultraviolet–blue region as well as to transparent p‐type conductors. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Opto‐electronic properties and light‐emitting device application of widegap layered oxychalcogenides: LaCuOCh (Ch = chalcogen) and La2CdO2Se2
Authors: Hiramatsu Hidenori , Kamioka Hayato , Ueda Kazushige , Ohta Hiromichi , Kamiya Toshio , Hirano Masahiro , Hosono Hideo 
Published: August 2006

AbstractThis issue's Editor's Choice [1] reviews electronic and optical properties of various widegap oxychalcogenides which are connected to their crystal structures. Two examples are shown in the cover picture: LnCuOCh (Ln = lanthanide, Ch = chalcogen, left) and La2CdO2Se2 (right). These oxychalcogenides have layered structures composed of alternate stackings of tetrahedrally coordinated oxide and chalcogenide layers. The rectangular solids depict the unit cells of the materials.The first author Hidenori Hiramatsu is currently working as a postdoctoral researcher in the ERATO‐SORST project of JST. His research interests include electronic and optical properties of widegap and/or layered materials, syntheses of novel oxide‐ or chalcogenide‐based materials, epitaxial growth and device application of novel materials, and unique physical properties of mixed anion materials. The article has been presented at the 15th International Conference on Ternary and Multinary Compounds in Kyoto, Japan, in 2006. Further papers from ICTMC‐15 are published in phys. stat. sol. (c) 3, No. 8 (2006).The present issue of phys. stat. sol. (a) as well as phys. stat. sol. (c) 3, No. 9 (2006) also contain papers presented at the Fourth International Conference on Magnetic and Superconducting Materials (MSM '05) held in Agadir, Morocco.
Neutron diffraction on TmNi4Al
Authors: Toliński T. , Szytuła A. , Hoser A. , Kowalczyk A. , Andrzejewski B. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractTm and its alloys are known to create non‐collinear magnetic phases, therefore this same can be expected in the case of TmNi4Al. Indeed, we have observed that this compound, contrary to the other RNi4Al members, exhibits an additional hump in the ac magnetic susceptibility at T C2 = 2.8 K apart from the main peak at T C1 = 5.8 K. It may imply a double phase transition or an impurity phase. The magnetization curves and the neutron diffraction have been measured above the higher temperature transition, between the two transitions and below the lower temperature peak of the ac susceptibility. However, magnetization curves as well as the neutron diffraction patterns do not provide any evidence of the antiferromagnetic ordering but suggest a ferromagnetic state. There is only an increase of the intensities observed between 4.2 K and 1.8 K. Therefore, the two peaks in the ac magnetic susceptibility can be ascribed to a switch between two various slightly non‐collinear orderings of the magnetic moments and/or a small distortion of the crystallographic structure. The latter possibility results from the observed small broadening of the diffraction peaks. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Diamagnetic susceptibility of a hydrogenic donor in a quantum dot
Authors: Reuben A. Merwyn Jasper D. , Jayakumar K. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractWe investigate within the effective mass theory, the influence of the shape of the confining potential and the geometry of the Quantum Dot on the diamagnetic susceptibility χ dia of a hydrogenic donor using variational method. We compare χ dia of a donor in a Spherical Quantum Dot for both infinite and finite barrier model. The effect of the location of the donor and Al composition x of the Alx Ga1–x As barrier of the Quantum Dot is also studied. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Computational methods for studies of multiexciton complexes
Authors: Vänskä T. , Lindberg M. , Olsen J. , Sundholm D. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractPowerful computational methods are presented for studies of energy levels, photon‐recombination rates, and phonon‐relaxation rates of neutral and charged multiexciton complexes at correlated levels of theory. The electron–hole system is described by a two‐band effective‐mass Hamiltonian. The one‐particle functions are expanded in a basis set consisting of anisotropic Gaussian functions. The many‐body Hamiltonian constructed in the space of the antisymmetric products of one‐particle functions is diagonalized using general coupled‐cluster and configuration‐interaction methods. The expansion coefficients of the coupled‐cluster and configuration‐interaction wave functions are obtained by solving the corresponding equations using direct iterative algorithms. We demonstrate the potential of the computational approaches by calculating total energies of multiexciton complexes at coupled‐cluster and configuration‐interaction levels. Computational methods for studies of radiative recombination and phonon‐relaxation rates have also been developed and results are reported for radiative recombination rates and recombination energies of the exciton, biexciton, and of the positive and the negative trions confined in a InGaAs/GaAs quantum‐dot sample. Phonon‐relaxation rates have been calculated for a few low‐lying Δ g states of the exciton complex of the same quantum‐dot sample. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Comparative semiempirical and ab initio study of the structural and chemical properties of uric acid and its anions
Authors: Altarsha Muhannad , Monard Gérald , Castro Bertrand 
Published: August 2006

AbstractSemiempirical, density functional theory (DFT), and ab initio calculations have been performed to assess the relative stabilities of 15 possible tautomer forms of neutral uric acid, and of the different urate mono‐ and dianion forms. These methods have also been used to compute ionization potentials (IPs) for uric acid and its derived anions. Overall, we have found that semiempirical calculations, in particular PM3, perform well as compared with B3LYP or MP2 computations toward these different structural and chemical properties of uric acid: the triketo form of uric acid is the most stable tautomer form of neutral uric acid. Three other tautomer forms are relatively close in energy, within the range 2–6 kcal/mol above the triketo form, with a mean energy deviation of only 1.3 kcal/mol between PM3 and DFT or ab initio results; the monoanion form of uric acid obtained by abstracting one proton in position 3 (denoted UAN) is the most stable form among all four possible urate monoanions both in gas phase and in solution; the dianion form of uric acid obtained by abstracting two protons, respectively, in positions 3 and 9 of uric acid (denoted UANN) is the most stable urate dianion form both in gas phase and in solution. However, these two most stable species do not have the lowest IPs in solution: among monoanions and dianions, respectively, the species with the lowest IPs are UAN and UANN. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2007
Conformational behavior of antineoplastic peptides Dolastatin 10 and Dolastatin 15 from Monte Carlo and molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Alcaro Stefano , Marino Tiziana , Ortuso Francesco , Russo Nino 
Published: August 2006

AbstractIn this work, we report the results of a combined Monte Carlo (MC) and molecular dynamics (MD) approach applied to the conformational study of natural potent mitosis inhibitor Dolastatin 15. A GRID and CLogP analysis has been performed with the aim to provide some hints to the interpretation of the different behavior of Dolastatin 15 and Dolastatin 10, which has been examined in a former study. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2007
Comparing correlations of continuous observations from two independent populations using a sequential approach
Authors: Fazil Baksh M. , Haars Gerco , Todd Susan , Van Noord Paulus A. H. , Whitehead John 
Published: August 2006

AbstractA sequential study design generally makes more efficient use of available information than a fixed sample counterpart of equal power. This feature is gradually being exploited by researchers in genetic and epidemiological investigations that utilize banked biological resources and in studies where time, cost and ethics are prominent considerations. Recent work in this area has focussed on the sequential analysis of matched case–control studies with a dichotomous trait. In this paper, we extend the sequential approach to a comparison of the associations within two independent groups of paired continuous observations. Such a comparison is particularly relevant in familial studies of phenotypic correlation using twins. We develop a sequential twin method based on the intraclass correlation and show that use of sequential methodology can lead to a substantial reduction in the number of observations without compromising the study error rates. Additionally, our approach permits straightforward allowance for other explanatory factors in the analysis. We illustrate our method in a sequential heritability study of dysplasia that allows for the effect of body mass index and compares monozygotes with pairs of singleton sisters. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Power and sample size calculations for discrete bounded outcome scores
Authors: Tsonaka Roula , Rizopoulos Dimitris , Lesaffre Emmanuel 
Published: August 2006

AbstractWe consider power and sample size calculations for randomized trials with a bounded outcome score (BOS) as primary response adjusted for a priori chosen covariates. We define BOS to be a random variable restricted to a finite interval. Typically, a BOS has a J‐ or U‐shaped distribution hindering traditional parametric methods of analysis. When no adjustment for covariates is needed, a non‐parametric test could be chosen. However, there is still a problem with calculating the power since the common location‐shift alternative does not hold in general for a BOS. In this paper, we consider a parametric approach and assume that the observed BOS is a coarsened version of a true BOS, which has a logit‐normal distribution in each treatment group allowing correction for covariates. A two‐step procedure is used to calculate the power. Firstly, the power function is defined conditionally on the covariate values. Secondly, the marginal power is obtained by averaging the conditional power with respect to an assumed distribution for the covariates using Monte Carlo integration. A simulation study evaluates the performance of our method which is also applied to the ECASS‐1 stroke study. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Key Components of Perioperative Orientation
Authors: Heizenroth Pauline Anne 
Published: August 2006

ABSTRACTThe key components of any orientation program are the learner, the orientation process, and the learner's outcome as a new employee. Retention of a productive, competent perioperative nurse represents a successful outcome of any perioperative orientation program. To achieve optimal employee outcomes, perioperative nurse educators must consider each learner's proficiency level, preferred style of learning, and expectations of the position for which the employee was hired.AORN J63 (Jan 1996) 183‐190.
Separation of Conjoined Twins
Authors: Wirt Shelia W. , Algren Chris L. , Wallace Valerie R. , Glass Nancy 
Published: August 2006

ABSTRACTPreparing for surgical separation of conjoined twins involves coordination, communication, and multidisciplinary planning by several specialties. This article discusses the embryology, etiology, and incidence of conjoined twins and provides a historical perspective of the different types of conjoined twins. A case study describes the perioperative management of conjoined twins at Texas Children's Hospital, Houston. Team members' roles are discussed, and the perioperative care of conjoined twins is detailed. AORN J 62 (Oct 1995) 527–545.
Excision of Renal Cell Carcinoma Involving the Inferior Vena Cava
Authors: Riddleberger Susan , Poetzsch Karen 
Published: August 2006

ABSTRACTManagement and care of patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) that extends into the inferior vena cava is challenging for perioperative nurses. Although prognosis for this condition is poor, excising the RCC is a palliative treatment and can offer improved quality of life for patients. Understanding the pathophysiology of RCC and the surgical technique involved in its removal increases perioperative nurses' effectiveness and enhances patient outcomes. AORN J 62 (Oct 1995) 551–555.
Outpatient Vaginal Hysterectomy as a New Trend in Gynecology
Authors: Bran Derita F. , Spellman Jana R. , Summit Robert L. 
Published: August 2006

ABSTRACTA large number of vaginal hysterectomies are performed on an outpatient basis through ambulatory surgery units (ASU). Recognizing this trend, we researched the possibility of performing vaginal hysterectomies in our ASU and developed an outpatient vaginal hysterectomy protocol. The preoperative and postoperative education we provide to patients is the key to our protocol's success. After conducting patient satisfaction surveys, we reached the conclusion that outpatient vaginal hysterectomles are a successful alternative to inpatient vaginal hysterectomies for many of our patients. AORN J 62 (Nov 1995) 810‐814.
Pediatric Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy Procedures
Authors: Derkay Craig S. , Darrow David H. , LeFebvre Susan M. 
Published: August 2006

ABSTRACTThe most common pediatric surgical procedures performed in the United States today are tonsillectomies and adenoidectomies (T&A). Surgical team members must be highly trained and efficient to ensure optimal patient outcomes, reduce surgical costs, and decrease the risks and potential complications inherent in T&A procedures. The authors review current surgical indications for T&A procedures; recommended preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative patient care; and the management of potential complications. AORN J 62 (Dec 1995) 887‐904.
Leech Therapy in Digital Replantation
Authors: Golden Mary Ann , Quinn Jeanne J. , Partington Marshall T. 
Published: August 2006

ABSTRACTThis article presents a protocol for the perioperative care of patients undergoing digital replantation, which is the most common microsurgical procedure performed today. Venous congestion, a common complication of digital replantation, often has been treated through surgical exploration and creation of arteriovenous anastomosis. Leech therapy, however, is experiencing a resurgence among surgeons as an alternative method for treating venous congestion. This article discusses the anatomical, physiological, and clinical indications and methods of leech therapy in digital replantation. AORN J 62 (Sept 1995) 364–375.
A Comparison of Two Skin Preps Used in Cardiac Surgical Procedures
Authors: Hagen Karen S. , Treston‐Aurand Jan 
Published: August 2006

ABSTRACTPostoperative surgical site infections contribute significantly to increased patient morbidity and mortality rates and unnecessary hospital costs. Effective and efficient preoperative patient skin preparation is an important perioperative nursing intervention that decreases the number of wound contaminants and reduces the risks for postoperative surgical site infections. This study examined the effectiveness and time and material costs of two preoperative patient skin prep methods (ie, isopropyl alcohol prep/iodophor‐impregnated adhesive drape method, iodophor scrub and paint prep/plain adhesive drape method). The isopropyl alcohol prep/iodophor‐impregnated adhesive drape method clinically was as effective as the iodophor scrub and paint prep/plain adhesive drape method, more cost‐effective when time and materials were compared, and less cost‐effective when materidls alone were compared. To make appropriate decisions about the use of preoperative patient skin prep methods, perioperative nurse managers and staff members need to examine and determine whether costs in time or materials have the greater impact on their surgical settings. AORN J 62 (Sept 1995) 393–402.
Marfan's Syndrome and Surgical Repair of Ascending Aortic Aneurysms
Authors: Wieczorek Patricia , Riegel Mary Beth , Quattro Lauren , DeMaio Karen 
Published: August 2006

ABSTRACTMarfan's syndrome is an inherited, degenerative connective tissue disorder that affects many body systems (eg, skeletal, ocular, cardiovascular, cutaneous, pulmonary, abdominal, neurologic). The cause of Marfan's syndrome is unknown, but recent genetic studies have linked this disorder to chromosome 15q15‐q21.3. The characteristics associated with Marfan's syndrome require a multidisciplinary approach to patient care. This article discusses one serious complication of Marfan's syndrome–aortic root dilatation–and composite graft repairs of ascending aortic aneurysms. Physicians and nurses must be more aware of Marfan's syndrome so that life‐threatening medical conditions can be evaluated and followed by health care providers. AORN J 64 (Dec 1996) 895–913.
Laser Ureterolithotripsy for Cystine Calculi
Authors: Adams Denise H. , Abernathy Brett B. 
Published: August 2006

ABSTRACTUntil recently, treatment options for patients with cystine calculi were not favorable. Using holmium:yttrium‐aluminum‐garnet (YAG) lasers to fragment cystine calculi, however, may provide a minimally invasive and cost‐effective alternative to current treatments. This article describes cystine calculi and the diagnostic methods and current medical and surgical interventions used to treat patients and discusses the differences between flash lamp pulsed dye lasers and holmium:YAG lasers. Preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative considerations for laser ureterolithotripsy of cystine calculi also are discussed. AORN J 64 (Dec 1996) 924–930.
Development and Implementation of a Pain Management Program
Authors: Campese Claudia 
Published: August 2006

ABSTRACTPerioperative nurses at St Mary's Health Care System, Inc® (St Mary's), in Athens, Ga, recognized that some of their postoperative patients did not have an acceptable level of pain control. Based on the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research acute pain management guidelines, they developed and implemented a pain management program. This quality improvement program led to a multidisciplinary effort to maintain each postoperative patient's pain at a level acceptable to that individual. Using a pain level scale, patients are taught to self‐report their levels of pain so that medication can be administered appropriately and on a timely basis. A quality improvement team is studying compiled data and anticipates making recommendations about best practices with regard to medication utilization. In September 1995, St Mary's underwent a mock Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations survey. The surveyors were impressed with the quality and content of the pain management program. Suggestions for other facilities that wish to establish pain management programs are included. AORN J 64 (Dec 1996) 931–940.
Preoperative Patient Teaching in Ambulatory Surgery Settings
Authors: Brumfield Valerie C. , Kee Carolyn C. , Johnson Joyce Y. 
Published: August 2006

ABSTRACTThe researchers conducted this descriptive replication study to identity preoperative teaching content deemed important by patients and nurses in ambulatory surgery settings. Thirty ambulatory surgery patients and 29 perioperative nurses participated in the study, which was conducted at a midsized hospital in the southeastern United States. Patients ranked situational information (eg, explaining activities, events) as the most important teaching content areas, whereas nurses ranked psychosocial support (eg, dealing with worries, concerns) as the most important. Patients preferred to have teaching conducted before they were admitted for ambulatory surgery, whereas nurses believed that some teaching could take place after admission. The study results suggest that addressing patients' priorities and initiating teaching earlier in the perioperative process is crucial to ambulatory surgery patients' postoperative outcomes. AORN J 64 (Dec 1996) 941–952.
Pial Synangiosis for Treatment of Moyamoya Syndrome in Children
Authors: Hannon Kathleen E. 
Published: August 2006

ABSTRACTMoyamoya syndrome is a chronic cerebrovascular disorder that is characterized by a progressive narrowing of the intracranial internal carotid arteries and their main branches and a compensatory dilation of smaller arteries (ie, moyamoya vessels) at the base of the brain. Common signs and symptoms in children include recurrent episodes of cerebral ischemia, transient hemiparesis, seizures, and cerebrovascular accidents (CVAs). The diagnosis is made primarily by cerebral angiography, and surgical treatment consists of pial synangiosis, whereby surgeons suture the superficial temporal artery to the pia mater under microscopic visualization. The goal of surgical intervention is to promote the development of collateral circulation to the brain and decrease the risk of CVAs, transient ischemic attacks, and seizures. Follow‐up angiography demonstrates that pial synangiosis results in excellent postoperative collaterization of ischemic areas of the brain. AORN J (Oct 1996) 540‐554.
Cochlear Implantations in Children
Authors: Stinson Athena 
Published: August 2006

ABSTRACTCochlear implant procedures are available for children who are diagnosed with severe hearing loss. Cochlear implants can restore children's perceptions of sound through the use of electronic devices. Perioperative nurses should be knowledgeable about all surgical aspects of cochlear implant procedures and be aware of the months of preparation before surgery and the lengthy rehabilitation afterward. This article discusses the historical development of the cochlear implant procedures, describes the hearing process, describes candidate selection, and discusses the perioperative care for a child receiving a cochlear implant in a case study presentation. AORN J 64 (Oct 1996) 561–571.
Microsurgical Transfer of Vascularized Tissue to Close Problem Wounds
Authors: Lutz Debra A. , Hallock Geoffrey G. 
Published: August 2006

ABSTRACTInterventions to achieve optimal wound healing challenge the skills of all health care professionals. Although most wounds are best managed by appropriate nursing intervention outside the OR, some complex wounds require more expeditious closure to ensure maximum preservation of vital structures and their functions. Microsurgical transfer of vascularized tissue (ie, flaps) often is the only method of achieving immediate wound coverage. Perioperative team members who treat such wounds must be aware of the distinct attributes and potential morbidity associated with flap procedures. AORN J 62 (Aug 1995) 234–243.