bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The expatriate myth: Cross‐cultural perceptions of expatriate managers
Authors: Hailey John 
Published: April 2007

AbstractExpatriate managers work alongside increasingly sophisticated and experienced local managers in many parts of the world, yet few researchers have examined the dynamics of the relationship between expatriates and local managers, or the attitude of local staff to their expatriate colleagues. This article seeks to redress this by reviewing existing research, and by drawing on the perceptions of Singaporean managers, highlights the tensions between local and expatriate managers and reflects some of the issues faced by multinationals who continue to employ expatriates in countries where there is sufficient indigenous management talent.
Trends in international business thought and literature: Traversing the path to insolvency: Lessons from an international alliance in management education
Authors: Aram John D. , Weiss Ira R. , Clarke Ruth 
Published: April 2007

AbstractIn 1988 the Madrid Business School (MBS) was created through a cooperative agreement between a small entrepreneurial firm in Madrid, Spain, and a large public institution of higher education in the United States. By mid‐1994 MBS was financially insolvent and had closed. Discussion of this case focuses on two questions: first, could the American partner have taken any actions to increase the likelihood of MBS as a viable institution? Second, what constitutes a strategic approach to international cooperative agreements? Both issues offer lessons for entering into and participating in international cooperative agreements in higher education.
Economic performance over time: Does porter's diamond hold at the national level?
Authors: Grein Andreas F. , Craig C. Samuel 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThis research examines the conditions that contribute to the performance of countries and their industries in international markets. Building on Porter's dynamic diamond, 1960 and 1985 data on 49 countries are used to develop country‐level factors related to national economic performance. Three factors were identified: infrastructure/demand, competitive investment, and education. The analysis considers how these factors are related to gross domestic product, net exports, and foreign direct investment. It also assesses changes over time and differences between industrialized and developing countries. The relationships between the three factors and GDP were substantially the same for both industrialized and developing countries, but not for net exports and foreign direct investment. These findings suggest that the relationships between the factors and national performance have changed over time and that there are important differences between developing and industrialized countries.
Regional cooperation and growth in Southern Africa
Authors: Wright Stephen 
Published: April 2007

AbstractRegional cooperation has flourished in many areas of the world and has helped boost economic production and provide greater competitiveness in the globalized market. Following the dramatic changes in South Africa, the Southern African region is considered the most likely in the African continent to develop a common market, promote cooperation, and enhance trade and business opportunities. This article focuses upon the prospects for the Southern African market and compares it briefly against the performance of other African regions. A conclusion is reached pointing to cautious optimism about Southern African prospects.
Key success factors for Russian‐foreign joint ventures
Authors: Fey Carl F. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThis article identifies key success factors (KSFs) for Russian‐foreign joint ventures. Based on case studies of two successful and two unsuccessful Russian‐foreign joint ventures, four KSFs are identified. The presence of the four KSFs is then assessed in a sample of 30 Russian‐foreign joint ventures. To assess the generalizability of the KSFs, discriminant analysis is then applied to the 30 joint ventures to differentiate between successful and unsuccessful joint ventures. The results show that the KSFs can explain 83.3 percent of the variance in the performance of joint ventures in the sample.
Changes of control and business reengineering in Russian privatized companies
Authors: Gurkov Igor 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe success of societal transformation in Russia depends on the ingenuity of Russian managers to link the legacy of the communist regime and the national patterns of industrial organization with the prerequisites of a modern economy. This article reports on a study of management in organizational transformation for 20 privatized industrial companies in Russia and describes the changes in their control structures and strategies. Organizational and economic factors determining the establishing of specific control arrangements and their impact on business reengineering are analyzed by synthesis of surveys and case studies. Implications for western partners and suggestions for further research are drawn.
Trends in international business thought and literature: Parallels between the east and the west: The teachings of ancient Chinese philosophers and the echoes from western management theorists
Authors: Lui Alice Y. L. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThis article aims to bridge the gap between an oriental culture and a western approach to management concepts and practice with a view to exploring a culturally fit style of management for China. Comparisons are drawn between the teachings of early Chinese philosophers and scholars with those of their western counterparts. It is envisaged that hidden links may be eventually found so that management as a universal concept with cultural variations may be the trend in the nineties and beyond.
Made in America? us steelmaking in the 1990s: An American resurgence?
Authors: Moore Michael 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThis article examines the improved competitiveness of the U.S. carbon steel industry, a sector that has suffered extreme economic difficulty over the last three decades. The article argues that despite the lack of a coherent national steel policy, the US steel industry has significantly increased its competitiveness relative to foreign steel competitors. Four reasons stand out. First and foremost, domestic minimills have provided intense competition for the domestic integrated sector. Secondly, the falling value of the dollar has improved the international position of all US steel firms. Thirdly, US labor costs have been reduced sharply, both through wage concessions by the United Steelworkers and massive layoffs. Finally, joint ventures with Japanese firms have provided traditional firms with cash and new technical innovations.
Made in America? sustaining a competitive presence in the commercial class aircraft industry in the 1990s
Authors: Golich Vicki L. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe United States has dominated the global commercial class aircraft industry for decades. The sector has been considered strategic because of its contribution to both the economic base and the military needs of a country. Government intervention has been a hallmark of the industry almost since its inception. Changes in industry dynamics triggered, in part, by foreign and domestic public policies‐both directly and indirectly aimed at this sector– have lead to the proliferation of internationalized production structures, replacing the traditional domestic structures of the past. Global outsourcing, transnational joint ventures, and foreign investment have contributed to the globalization of the industry.
Made in America? the us auto industry, 1955‐95
Authors: Eden Lorraine , Molot Maureen Appel 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThis paper examines the production and political responses of the Big Three auto assemblers to the penetration of the North American market by Japanese auto assemblers over the 1955‐95 period, using the technological competition model to analyze three successive challenges faced by the Big Three: import competition (1955‐73), surplus capacity (1973‐83), and transplant production (1983‐95). We argue that the US auto makers first responded with intensification strategies and then by rationalizing production. These production strategies, together with lobbying for favorable US government policies, were unsuccessful in stemming import penetration. It was only after the Japanese firms began onshore production that the Big Three understood the competitive challenge‐the need to shift from mass to lean production‐and began to transform their auto operations.
Trends in international business thought and literature: One country, two currencies? Hong Kong's exchange‐rate regime after 1997
Authors: Wu Friedrich , Wong Jill 
Published: April 2007

AbstractA key factor in assessing the future of the Hong Kong dollar is whether China would, after 1997, take the drastic step of abolishing the Hong Kong dollar in favor of the Renminbi (RMB) as legal tender. While this possibility should not be discounted, our view is that a merger of the two currencies would only occur in the distant future when the RMB becomes fully convertible. This study argues that the status quo of the HK$‐US$ link would be preserved at least until the turn of the century. A combination of factors, including the overriding need to maintain confidence and stability in Hong Kong, which is crucial for a smooth transition of sovereignty; the weak relationship between either imported or domestic‐generated inflation and the exchange rate link; and the misconception that Hong Kong's export competitiveness has been undermined by an overvalued Hong Kong dollar would help to support the argument that other alternative regimes for the Hong Kong dollar exchange rate would not be feasible in the short run. These alternative regimes include changing to a floating rate
Indian ocean rim trade bloc: Prospects and problems
Authors: Jain Subhash C. , Ghauri Pervez N. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThis article advances the view that regional integration among ten nations along the Indian Ocean rim will have positive economic and political consequences for all the members. Emergence of this geographically large area with one‐fourth of the human population will be good for financial markets and the global economy as well. Planned regional arrangements will offer major benefits to outsiders, for example, Gulf countries, by stimulating growth and enhancing market forces. Traditional enmity between India and Pakistan, however, and the economic and political adjustments that South Africa is undergoing after the first free election may prevent cooperation in the region, not to mention the fact that the area has deep economic problems with mass poverty and low per capita incomes. Problems aside, there are hopeful signs, both economic and political, that encourage the Indian Ocean rim nations to seriously consider establishing a regional trade bloc. For example, a substantial middle class is emerging in the area. Industrialization is slowly progressing, challenging the dominance of the agricultural sector. India, however, will have to take the initiative in the matter. The size of her economy and her pre‐eminence as a regional political force equip India to play the key role in the establishment of a regional agreement in the area.
Us foreign direct investment in India: Emerging trends in MNC entry strategies
Authors: Chandrasekaran Aruna , Ryans John K. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractIndia, along with China, is one of the key emerging markets in the region that has attracted multinational corporate interest. This has been enhanced by recent economic reforms and enormous market potential. After briefly tracing the political precipitants of the economic reforms, this article reviews the new FDI rules and the opportunities and challenges that this new investment climate presents the US investor. Finally, the FDIs of 30 US MNCs are classified according to the entry strategies being employed and some rationale is provided on the primary entry modes of choice.
Perceptions of Indian business organizations toward formal marketing research
Authors: Panigrahi Bhagaban , Misra Ranjita , Calcich Stephen E. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe results reported in this article are based on a mail survey of 219 firms in India. The major purpose of the study is to examine the marketing research experiences of Indian business firms and their perceptions about conducting formal marketing research. Results indicate that 45 percent of Indian firms have had some experience with formal marketing research and have positive perceptions concerning marketing research as an important decision making tool. Size and type of firm were found to influence whether formal marketing research is conducted. Research methodologies used in India are presented along with problems encountered by these practitioners.
Us consumer product marketing in Saudi Arabia: Comparative perceptions
Authors: Al‐Saihati Fawzia Ali , Krishnamoorthy Meenakshi S. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe period between 1970 and 1990 has seen a steady decline of the market share of US products in Saudi Arabia. This article deals with the differing perceptions of US exporters and Saudi importers regarding factors that might have contributed to this decline. These factors include the marketing environment, the product, the price, the distribution, US business practices, advertising, trade policies and the market situation in Saudi Arabia, and the role played by the US government. An analysis of these factors has led to a series of recommendations to respective governments and businesses.
Reversible Transamination of Alanine with Pyridoxal (Vitamin B6) in the Presence of the UO22+ Ion: Synthesis and X‐ray Characterization of [(UO2PmHpyr)3(μ3‐O)]Cl·3H2O (PmHpyr = Pyridoxaminylpiruvate Anion)
Authors: Back Davi Fernando , Manzoni de Oliveira Gelson , Schulz Lang Ernesto 
Published: April 2007

AbstractPyridoxal hydrochloride and alanine react in water with UO2(NO3)2·6H2O giving [(UO2PmHpyr)3(μ3‐O)]Cl·3H2O (1), a trinuclear chelate of uranium(VI). The ligand PmHpyr− (pyridoxaminylpiruvate anion) results from the transamination of alanine with pyridoxal in the presence of the uranyl cation. The coordination polyhedron of the individual uranium atoms can be described as pentagonal bipyramides. In the structure of 1 the cations [(UO2PmHpyr)3(μ3‐O)]+ interact reciprocally achieving a supramolecular assembling of [(UO2PmHpyr)3(μ3‐O)] cores indirectly linked to six surrounding ones through N+–H···Cl− interactions. Each chloride ion is bonded to three [(UO2PmHpyr)3(μ3‐O)]+ moieties (and reverse), reaching both ions a planar coordination number 6. There are evidences that pyridoxal or pyridoxal 5‐phosphate in the presence of UO22+ afford the transamination also of other amino acids used by the cells in protein biosynthesis. This extensive reaction in the blood plasma could represent a probable mechanism of uranium intoxication, e.g. by deactivation of the vitamin B6 derivatives pyridoxal or pyridoxamine through reaction with the corresponding α‐keto acid and further chelation of the uranyl cation.
Dinukleare Titankomplexe des Thiacalix[4]arens
Authors: Zeller Jürgen , Treptow Jens , Radius Udo 
Published: April 2007

AbstractDinuclear Titanium Complexes of Thiacalix[4]areneThe reaction of [TiCl4(THF)2] with thiacalix[4]arene (H4TCA) affords almost insoluble [TCA{TiCl2(THF)}2] (1). Single crystal X‐ray analysis reveals that the thiacalix[4]arene ligand coordinates at least in a part of the reaction product in an 1,2‐alternate cone conformation and that the metal atoms are therefore arranged in opposite directions with respect to a plane through the sulfur atoms of the ligand (anti‐configuration). The use of [Ti2(acac)4(μ‐O)2] as starting material causes the formation of the soluble homodinuclear complex [TCA{Ti(acac)}2(μ–O)] (2) in good yields, in which the thiacalix[4]arene ligand adopts a cone conformation and the metal atoms are thus arranged in syn‐configuration. Reaction of 2 with 8‐hydroxyquinoline leads to substitution of the acetylacetonato ligands of 2 under formation of crystallographically characterized [TCA{Ti(OC9H5N)}2(μ–O)] (3).
Synthesis and Characterization of Triphenylphosphinesilver(I) Sulfanylcarboxylates of Types [(AgPPh3)(HL)] and [Ag(PPh3)3(HL)]
Authors: Barreiro Elena , Casas José S. , Couce María D. , Sánchez Agustín , Sordo José , Varela José M. , Vázquez‐López Ezequiel M. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractCompounds of types [(AgPPh3)(HL)] and [Ag(PPh3)3(HL)] {H2L = H2xspa: x = p (3‐phenyl‐), t [3‐(2‐thienyl)‐], f [3‐(2‐furyl)‐]; spa = 2‐sulfanylpropenoato} were synthesized and characterized by IR, 1H, 13C and 31P NMR spectroscopy and FAB mass spectrometry. The structures of [(AgPPh3)(Htspa)] (2) and [Ag(PPh3)3(Hpspa)] (4) were determined by X‐ray diffractometry. Complex 2 has a supramolecular structure based on hydrogen bonding between dinuclear units which can be seen as formed by Ag(PPh3)(Htspa) monomers connected by Ag‐S bonds, the metal atom in each monomer being O,S‐chelated. Complex 4 has a mononuclear structure with Ag‐S and Ag‐P bonds and an intramolecular hydrogen bond.
Jahn‐Teller‐Ordnung in der Schichtstruktur von Li[MnF4]·H2O
Authors: Massa Werner 
Published: April 2007

AbstractJahn‐Teller Ordering in the Layer Structure of Li[MnF4]·H2OFrom hydrofluoric acid the new fluoromanganate(III) Li[MnF4]·H2O could be crystallized. Its structure was determined by X‐ray diffraction: orthorhombic, space group Pnma, Z = 4, a = 5.355(1), b = 12.358(3), c = 5.381(1) Å, R = 0.044. The structure is built by strongly bent quadratic anionic layers [MnF4]− connected by chains of Li+ and H2O. Owing to the Jahn‐Teller effect, antiferrodistortive ordering of strongly elongated octahedra is observed. The strucure is compared with that of waterfree Li[MnF4].
Syntheses of N‐(Diphenylphosphanyl)‐2‐pyridylmethylamine and Its Use as a Ligand in Magnesium and Zinc Complexes
Authors: Olbert Dirk , Kalisch Alexander , Herzer Nicole , Görls Helmar , Mayer Peter , Yu Lian , Reiher Markus , Westerhausen Matthias 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe metathesis reaction of lithium 2‐pyridylmethylamide with chloroalkanes and phosphanes yields N‐ and C‐substitution products depending on the electrophile. Thus, C‐alkylated 1‐amino‐1‐(2‐pyridyl)‐2,2‐dimethylpropane (1) and 1‐amino‐1‐(2‐pyridyl)‐2‐phenylethane (2) and N‐substituted N‐benzyl‐(2‐pyridylmethyl)amine (3) and N‐(diphenylphosphanyl)‐2‐pyridylmethylamine (4) are obtained. In [1·LiCl]2, molecule 1 binds to the lithium atom in a bidentate fashion. C‐ and N‐ substituted 2‐pyridylmethylamines are compared with quantum chemical methods. Lithiation of 4 and subsequent reaction with cloro‐diphenylphosphane yields N,N‐bis(diphenylphosphanyl)‐2‐pyridylmethylamine (5) with a planar amine nitrogen atom. Metallation of 4 with dibutylmagnesium leads to the formation of colorless (tetrahydrofuran)magnesium bis[N‐(diphenylphosphanyl)‐2‐pyridylmethylamide] (6) with a penta‐coordinate alkaline earth metal atom in a trigonal bipyramidal environment. In contrast to this observation, the reaction of 4 with dimethylzinc yields colorless methylzinc bis[N‐(diphenylphosphanyl)‐2‐pyridylmethylamide] (7). Zincation of 1 gives dimeric methylzinc 1‐(2‐pyridyl)‐2,2‐dimethyl‐1‐propylamide (8). In these zinc complexes the metal and amide nitrogen atoms are in distorted tetrahedral environments.
Dimeric Phosphinoboranes [R′(Hal)B‐PHR]2 and some of their Reactions
Authors: Jetzfellner Ralf , Nöth Heinrich , Paine Robert T. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractReactions of organylboron halides RBX2 (R = tBu, iPr, Et, Me; X = Cl, Br) with lithium organylphosphides LiPHR′ (R′= mes, Ph, tBu) in a 1:1 ratio lead to the corresponding 1,3,2,4‐diphospha‐dibora‐cyclobutanes [R′(H)P‐B(Hal)R]2. Further substitution to 2,4‐diphosphino derivatives has only be achieved for [tBu(H)P‐B(tBu)PHtBu]2 (12). Its exocyclic PHtBu groups can be metallated by LiPHtBu, but it is more convenient to use the 1 : 3 reaction of tBuBCl2 with LiPHtBu for the preparation of [tBu(H)P‐B(tBu)PLitBu]2 (16), which was isolated as a diethyl ether solvate. Compound 12 on irradiation with a mercury vapour lamp splits off tBuPH2 and generates the bicyclic tBuP[BtBu‐PHtBu]2 (17). The new compounds have been characterized by NMR and Mass spectral data. The tBu groups of compound [Br(tBu)B‐PHtBu]2 (7), are present in an all‐trans‐configuration. Its B2P2 ring is planar.
Unusual presentation of temporal bone involvement in Churg–Strauss syndrome
Authors: Martinez Del Pero M , Moffat D , Sudhoff H 
Published: April 2007

AbstractObjective:To present a case of a 60-year-old male with a history of sudden onset sensorineural hearing loss due to Churg–Strauss syndrome.Case report:The patient had a 20-year history of asthma and recurrent right otitis media and a nasal polypectomy four years prior to presenting with ear symptoms. Ear, nose and throat involvement is common in Churg–Strauss syndrome, usually manifesting as allergic rhinitis and chronic rhinosinusitis with or without polyps.Conclusions:Otolaryngologists play an important role in making an early diagnosis of this disease. To our knowledge this is the first case of Churg–Strauss syndrome primarily presenting with otological pathology: left sensorineural hearing loss and right otitis media.
Microdebrider removal of tracheal papilloma via tracheostomy in the child with an obliterated larynx
Authors: Ulualp S O , Ryan M W , Wright S T 
Published: April 2007

AbstractIn children, recurrent respiratory papillomatosis is the most common benign neoplasm of the airway. The disease frequently involves the larynx and may spread to extralaryngeal sites. Use of a microdebrider has been suggested as a safe and low-cost technique which reduces operating time, compared with laser removal of laryngeal lesions.We describe a technique for using a microdebrider to remove tracheal papillomas when the larynx is obliterated with the disease.
Homological realization of prescribed abelian groups via K-theory
Authors: BERRICK A. J. , MATTHEY M. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractUsing algebraic and topological K-theory together with complex C*-algebras, we prove that every abelian group may be realized as the centre of a strongly torsion generated group whose integral homology is zero in dimension one and isomorphic to two arbitrarily prescribed abelian groups in dimensions two and three.
On positive cosine sums
Authors: BROWN GAVIN , DAI FENG , WANG KUNYANG 
Published: April 2007

AbstractFor α∈ (0,1) and x∈ [0,π, we define S0(x,α) = 1 and

where

Also, we set, for α∈ (0,1),

where it is agreed that infØ =∞. It is shown in this paper that

and 8≤ N(α)<∞ if α0<α<α*, where α*:=0.33542. . . is the unique solution α∈ (0,1) of the equation

while α0= 0.308443. . . is the unique solution α∈ (0,1) of the equation

In the case α*<α<1, this extends a result of Brown, Wang and Wilson (1993).