bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gamification in nutrition education: the impact and the acceptance of digital game-based intervention for improving nutritional habits
Authors: Rosati Riccardo , Regini Letizia , Pauls Aleksandra , Strafella Elisabetta , Raffaelli Francesca , Frontoni Emanuele 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAs school-based nutrition education interventions have become increasingly popular in recent years, they have proven effective in raising children awareness and responsibility toward good eating habits as well as improving their knowledge, skills, and attitudes. The aim of this work is to evaluate whether a gamification approach, using a digital application developed in AdobeXD, could be an appropriate strategy for increasing attention span toward nutrition education messages when compared to a classical didactic approach. The study involved 126 children aged 7 to 8 years, divided into control group (lesson with nutrition expert supported by slides) and intervention group (interactive lesson via application). A questionnaire was then administered to all participants to assess the knowledge they gained regarding basic nutrition education concepts. An additional questionnaire was distributed to the intervention group for the prototype digital evaluation based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) framework. The results show that the digital application has the potential to be an effective tool for producing significant improvements in nutrition knowledge. The greater rating on the usefulness of the content, rather than on other intrinsic features of the prototype, demonstrates that the use of a digital approach can play a key role in capturing new concepts of nutrition education.
Agglomeration of coal and polyethylene mixtures during fixed-bed co-gasification
Authors: Donskoy Igor G. , Kozlov Aleksandr N. , Penzik Maksim V. , Svishchev Denis A. , Ding Lu 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe article presents the results of experimental studies on the gasification of mixtures of brown coal and polyethylene (up to 20 wt% fraction) in a laboratory reactor. The work aims to study the agglomeration process during the heating and oxidation of the mixtures. The measurement results (gas composition, pressure drop) provide indirect information on the dynamics of thermal decomposition and structural changes in the fuel bed. We have shown that the interaction between polyethylene and a coal surface leads to the formation of dense agglomerates, in which the molten polymer acts as a binder. Clinkers form as a result of interfacial interactions between components and filtration flow rearranging. The hydrogen/carbon ratio in the solid residue of coal-polyethylene co-gasification increases from 0.07–0.2 to 1.11, indicating the formation of stable hydrocarbon compounds on the carbon surface. The conducted research makes it possible to identify possible interactions between chemical reactions and transfer processes that lead to agglomeration in mixtures of coal with polyethylene.
Stiffness and Strength of an Artificially Cemented Waste-PET-Shred Reinforced Clay
Authors: Ali Shivan Jalal , Ekinci Abdullah , Iravanian Anoosheh 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study explores whether the polyethylene terephthalate bottle shreds (PETBS), could be a viable alternative additive in order to reduce the usage of traditional cement in geotechnical and transportation projects. Through a comprehensive study, clayey soil was stabilized with varying quantities (0.1–1% of solid mass) of PETBS of two different size ranges. Optimal dosages were chosen, followed by additional tests incorporating small amounts of (5, 7 and 10% of solid mass) cement enhancement. After curing periods of 7 and 28 days, California bearing ratio (CBR) tests and ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) test results revealed that the addition of PETBS enhanced CBR values and initial shear modulus (G0) in both plain and cement treated samples. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images also affirmed the improvement of strength at the microstructural level. Notably, PETBS of size 2–4.75 mm exhibited superior performance compared to size 0.42–0.841 mm, with an optimal content range of 0.6–0.8%. It was observed that the addition of PETBS to artificially cemented soil improved CBR values by up to 35%, while also modifying stiffness and brittleness, rendering the soil more ductile. Ultimately, a regression model was proposed to facilitate estimates of CBR and G0 in PETBS-reinforced cemented clay, to accommodate varying PETBS grading and content. The suggested approach promotes cost-effective and eco-friendly solutions by reducing pavement thickness and enhancing soil stability, demonstrating the potential of repurposing PET waste as a sustainable strategy in various engineering projects.
ViTCN: Hybrid Vision Transformer with Temporal Convolution for Multi-Emotion Recognition
Authors: Zakieldin Kamal , Khattab Radwa , Ibrahim Ehab , Arafat Esraa , Ahmed Nehal , Hemayed Elsayed 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn Talentino, HR-Solution analyzes candidates’ profiles and conducts interviews. Artificial intelligence is used to analyze the video interviews and recognize the candidate’s expressions during the interview. This paper introduces ViTCN, a combination of Vision Transformer (ViT) and Temporal Convolution Network (TCN), as a novel architecture for detecting and interpreting human emotions and expressions. Human expression recognition contributes widely to the development of human-computer interaction. The machine’s understanding of human emotions in the real world will considerably contribute to life in the future. Emotion recognition was identifying the emotions as a single frame (image-based) without considering the sequence of frames. The proposed architecture utilized a series of frames to accurately identify the true emotional expression within a combined sequence of frames over time. The study demonstrates the potential of this method as a viable option for identifying facial expressions during interviews, which could inform hiring decisions. For situations with limited computational resources, the proposed architecture offers a powerful solution for interpreting human facial expressions with a single model and a single GPU.The proposed architecture was validated on the widely used controlled data sets CK+, MMI, and the challenging DAiSEE data set, as well as on the challenging wild data sets DFEW and AFFWild2. The experimental results demonstrated that the proposed method has superior performance to existing methods on DFEW, AFFWild2, MMI, and DAiSEE. It outperformed other sophisticated top-performing solutions with an accuracy of 4.29% in DFEW, 14.41% in AFFWild2, and 7.74% in MMI. It also achieved comparable results on the CK+ data set.
Speech Keyword Spotting Method Based on Swin-Transformer Model
Authors: Sun Chengli , Chen Bikang , Chen Feilong , Leng Yan , Guo Qiaosheng 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWith the rapid advancements in deep learning technology, the Transformer-based attention neural network has shown promising performance in keyword spotting (KWS). However, this method suffers from high computational cost since the excessive parameters in the Transformer model and the computational burden of global attention, which limit its applicability in a resource-constrained KWS scenario. To overcome this issue, we propose a novel Swin-Transformer based KWS method. In this approach, first extract dynamic features using Temporal Convolutional Network (TCN) from input Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCCs). Then, the Swin-Transformer is employed to capture hierarchical multi-scale features, where a window attention is designed to grasp dynamic time–frequency features. Furthermore, to enhance the extraction of contextual information from the spectrogram, a frame-level shifted window attention mechanism is proposed to enhance the inter-window interaction, thus extracting more contextual information from the spectrogram. Experimental results on the speech command V1 dataset verify the effectiveness of the proposal, which achieves a recognition accuracy of 98.01% with less model parameters, outperforming existing KWS methods.
A digital twin for ship structures—R&D project in Japan
Authors: Fujikubo Masahiko , Okada Tetsuo , Murayama Hideaki , Houtani Hidetaka , Osawa Naoki , Iijima Kazuhiro , Hamada Kunihiro , Toh Kimihiro , Oka Masayoshi , Hirakawa Shinichi , Shibata Kenichi , Ashida Tetsuro , Arima Toshiro , Tanaka Yoshiteru , Tatsumi Akira , Takeuchi Takaaki , Mitsuyuki Taiga , Mikami Kohei , Kobayashi Makito , Komoriyama Yusuke , Ma Chong , Chen Xi , Ochi Hiroshi , Miratsu Rei 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In order to clarify and visualize the real state of the structural performances of ships in operation and establish a more optimal, data-driven framework for ship design, construction and operation, an industry-academia joint R&D project on the digital twin for ship structures (DTSS) was conducted in Japan. This paper presents the major achievements of the project. The DTSS aims to grasp the stress responses over the whole ship structure in waves by data assimilation that merges hull monitoring and numerical simulation. Three data assimilation methods, namely, the wave spectrum method, Kalman filter method, and inverse finite element method were used, and their effectiveness was examined through model and full-scale ship measurements. Methods for predicting short-term extreme responses and long-term cumulative fatigue damage were developed for navigation and maintenance support using statistical approaches. In comparison with conventional approaches, response predictions were significantly improved by DTSS using real response data in encountered waves. Utilization scenarios for DTSS in the maritime industry were presented from the viewpoints of navigation support, maintenance support, rule improvement, and product value improvement, together with future research needs for implementation in the maritime industry.
Improving psychosocial well-being and parenting practices among refugees in Uganda: Results of the journey of life effectiveness trial
Authors: Stark Lindsay , Meinhart Melissa , Hermosilla Sabrina , Kajungu Rehema , Cohen Flora , Agaba Gary S. , Obalim Grace , Knox Justin , Onyango Mangen Patrick 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Caregivers play a critical role in mediating the impacts of forced displacement on children; however, humanitarian programming remains hampered by a lack of evidence-based programming. We present findings from an evaluation of a group-based curriculum delivered over the course of 12 sessions, journey of life (JoL). A waitlist-control quasi-experimental design was implemented in the Kiryandongo refugee settlement (intervention n = 631, control n = 676). Caregiver mental distress, measured using the Kessler-6, was the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes included (a) functioning, (b) social support and (c) caregiving attitudes and behaviors. Propensity score matching (PSM) and Cohen’s d estimates were used to examine the intervention effects. According to our primary PSM analysis, JoL led to significant improvements in mental distress (coef.: 2.33; p < 0.001), social support (coef.: 1.45; p < 0.001), functioning (coef.: 2.64; p < 0.001), parental warmth/affection (coef.: 2.48; p < 0.001), parental undifferentiated rejection (coef.: 0.49; p < 0.001) and attitudes around violence against children (VAC) (coef.: 1.98; p < 0.001). Evidence from Cohen’s d analysis underscored the value of the intervention’s effect on parental warmth/affection (0.74), mental distress (0.70) and VAC attitudes (0.68). This trial adds to the evidence on holistic parenting programming to improve the mental health and parenting outcomes among refugee caregivers.
The Subterranean Unsettling of Science, Race, and Religion: Obeah, Petroleum Geology, and Risk in Trinidad
Authors: Crosson J. Brent 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWhen scholars have compared “African traditional religion” and “Western science,” they have often treated the terms of this comparison as racialized unitary entities, which are either radically different or somewhat similar (even as Western categories of rationality or nature remain the basis for these comparisons). This essay unsettles these assumptions by focusing on practices that are called “science” in the fields of both petroleum geology and Afro-Caribbean religion. Based on long-term ethnographic research in Trinidad, arguably the world’s oldest site of commercial oil extraction, I show how internal differences between those involved in “petroleum science” and “African religion” reveal a spectrum of meanings for the word “science” centered on relations to risk. At one end of this spectrum, science conveyed ideals of stable tradition that de-risked claims to knowledge for energy sector specialists intent on securing foreign investment or for “Yorubacentric” lineages of African religion centering initiation-based authority. At this spectrum’s other end, “science” foregrounded the risks of accessing hard-to-perceive forces in petroleum exploration or “spiritual work.” By focusing on heterogeneous practices rather than cultural essences or ideals of rationality, I show how the ethical implications of “science” depend on differing experiences of the risks of working with subterranean powers. While petroleum surveys at my field site in Trinidad required embodied risks by laborers, geologists backgrounded these contexts of power, representing the risks of their work as a problem of scientific accuracy. Afro-Trinidadian spiritual workers, in contrast, foregrounded the embodied risks of science as the ground of ethical practice.
A Discipline Like No Other: Marginalized Autonomy and Institutional Anchors in French Public Psychiatry (1945–2016)
Authors: Barnard Alex V. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractResearch on psychiatry in the United States has shown how, since the 1980s, the discipline has sought to increase its prestige and preserve its jurisdiction by embracing biomedical models of treatment and arguing it is a medical specialty like any other. While this strategy is consistent with what the literature on professions would expect, this paper analyzes an alternative case: French public psychiatry, which has remained in a position of marginalized autonomy, combining low status and economic precarity with state recognition of its specificity. Drawing on Bourdieu’s theory of fields, I analyze how the persistence of specialized psychiatric hospitals in France—most of which have closed in the United States—has shaped the conflict between psychiatrists favoring autonomy and actors in university hospitals and the Ministry of Health seeking to reduce it. These specialized hospitals have functioned as institutional anchors that contribute to maintaining the discipline’s autonomous position in the medical field in three ways: by socializing psychiatrists into viewing themselves as a distinctive branch of medicine, linking psychiatry to powerful actors in the state interested in maintaining the discipline’s distinctive role in social control, and concentrating a population of chronically ill persons not amenable to traditional medical interventions. This analysis expands on the literature on professionals and field theory by emphasizing the role of institutions in structuring the reorganization of jurisdictions and relationships between fields.
Strengthening through adversity: The hormesis model in developmental psychopathology
Authors: Oshri Assaf , Howard Cullin J. , Zhang Linhao , Reck Ava , Cui Zehua , Liu Sihong , Duprey Erinn , Evans Avary I. , Azarmehr Rabeeh , Geier Charles F. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackground:Employing a developmental psychopathology framework, we tested the utility of the hormesis model in examining the strengthening of children and youth through limited levels of adversity in relation to internalizing and externalizing outcomes within a brain-by-development context.Methods:Analyzing data from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development study (N = 11,878), we formed latent factors of threat, deprivation, and unpredictability. We examined linear and nonlinear associations between adversity dimensions and youth psychopathology symptoms and how change of resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) in the default mode network (DMN) from Time 1 to Time 5 moderates these associations.Results:A cubic association was found between threat and youth internalizing problems; low-to-moderate family conflict levels reduced these problems. Deprivation also displayed a cubic relation with youth externalizing problems, with moderate deprivation levels associated with fewer problems. Unpredictability linearly increased both problem types. Change in DMN rsFC significantly moderated the cubic link between threat levels and internalizing problems, with declining DMN rsFC levels from Time 1 to Time 5 facilitating hormesis. Hormetic effects peaked earlier, emphasizing the importance of sensitive periods and developmental timing of outcomes related to earlier experiences.Conclusions:Strengthening through limited environmental adversity is crucial for developing human resilience. Understanding this process requires considering both linear and nonlinear adversity-psychopathology associations. Testing individual differences by brain and developmental context will inform preventive intervention programming.
The influence of friendships on the mental health of maltreated youth: A pre-registered systematic review using a developmental psychopathology perspective
Authors: Brown Michelle P. , Witmer Rhoda , Johnson Alexsia 
Published: March 2024

AbstractFriendships are a potential factor that influence maltreated children’s risk for psychopathology. This systematic review examined (1) how friendships influence the association between child maltreatment and psychopathology and (2) developmental differences in how friendships influence this association. Four databases were searched. Inclusion criteria were primary study, quantitative, measures of maltreatment and friendship up to the age of 18 years, measures of psychopathology up to the age of 24 years, and a non-maltreated sample. Exclusion criteria were qualitative, reviews or meta-analyses, no distinction between maltreatment and other trauma, and no differentiation between friendships and other support. Risk of bias was assessed. Data were narratively synthesized. Two hundred thirty-five articles were retrieved for full review. Fourteen met inclusion criteria (N = 98,676 participants). Eleven of the fourteen studies found that some aspect of friendships influenced the association between maltreatment and psychopathology, with positive qualities generally decreasing risk and negative qualities increasing risk for psychopathology. However, peer support exacerbated maltreated children’s risk for psychopathology in two studies. Only three studies assessed friendship prior to adolescence, which precluded conclusions regarding developmental differences. Future research should consider developmental differences and use findings and validated measures from the peer relations literature to better understand how friendships influence maltreated youth’s vulnerability to psychopathology.
Automation, job reallocation, occupational choice, and related government policy
Authors: Lu Chia-Hui 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
By introducing automation development into a labor search model, this paper obtains that the increasing importance of automation in production may be responsible for the reduction in job reallocation along the transitional dynamics path. In the long run, we find automation also increases the total unemployment rate and reduces overall labor force participation. In addition, decreasing any disparity between differently skilled labor is detrimental to job reallocation along the transitional dynamics path, and both the long-run total unemployment rate and overall labor market participation will fall. Nevertheless, appropriate government subsidy policies can improve business dynamics across the labor market.
Might text-davinci-003 Have Inner Speech?
Authors: Mann Stephen Francis , Gregory Daniel 
Published: March 2024

AbstractOpenAI is a research organization founded by, among others, Elon Musk, and supported by Microsoft. In November 2022, it released ChatGPT, an incredibly sophisticated chatbot, that is, a computer system with which humans can converse. The capability of this chatbot is astonishing: as well as conversing with human interlocutors, it can answer questions about history, explain almost anything you might think to ask it, and write poetry. This level of achievement has provoked interest in questions about whether a chatbot might have something similar to human intelligence and even whether one could be conscious. Given that the function of a chatbot is to process linguistic input and produce linguistic output, we consider that the most interesting question in this direction is whether a sophisticated chatbot might have inner speech. That is: might it talk to itself, internally? We explored this via a conversation with ‘Playground’, a chatbot which is very similar to ChatGPT but more flexible in certain respects. We put to it questions which, plausibly, can only be answered if one first produces some inner speech. Here, we present our findings and discuss their philosophical significance.
Effects of prognostic communication strategies on emotions, coping, and appreciation of consultations: An experimental study in advanced cancer
Authors: van der Velden Naomi C.A. , Smets Ellen M.A. , van Vliet Liesbeth M. , Brom Linda , van Laarhoven Hanneke W.M. , Henselmans Inge 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectivesWe aimed to investigate effects of prognostic communication strategies on emotions, coping, and appreciation of consultations in advanced cancer.MethodsFor this experimental study, we created 8 videos of a scripted oncological consultation, only varying in prognostic communication strategies. Disease-naive individuals (n = 1036) completed surveys before and after watching 1 video, while imagining being the depicted cancer patient. We investigated effects of the type of disclosure (prognostic disclosure vs. communication of unpredictability vs. non-disclosure) and content of disclosure (standard vs. standard and best-case vs. standard, best- and worst-case survival scenarios; numerical vs. word-based estimates) on emotions, coping, and appreciation of consultations. Moderating effects of individual characteristics were tested.ResultsParticipants generally reported more satisfaction (p < .001) after prognostic disclosure versus communication of unpredictability and less uncertainty (p = .042), more satisfaction (p = .005), and more desirability (p = .016) regarding prognostic information after numerical versus word-based estimates. Effects of different survival scenarios were absent. Prognostic communication strategies lacked effects on emotions and coping. Significant moderators included prognostic information preference and uncertainty tolerance.Significance of resultsIn an experimental setting, prognostic disclosure does not cause more negative emotions than non-disclosure and numerical estimates are more strongly appreciated than words. Oncologists’ worries about harming patients should not preclude disclosing (precise) prognostic information, yet sensitivity to individual preferences and characteristics remains pivotal.