bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An exploration of research into substance misuse and psychiatric disorder in the UK: what can we learn from history?
Authors: Crome Ilana B. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractBackground and aim This review explores UK‐based research developments in substance misuse and mental illness over the last 25 years. The main body of work comprises policy‐orientated projects funded by the Department of Health from the late 1990s. Early research tended to focus on alcohol, especially alcoholic hallucinosis: the relationship of the latter with schizophrenia‐like illness was examined, with the finding that very few cases did develop into schizophrenia.Method and implications Parallels are drawn with the current debate around the link between cannabis and psychosis, urging caution in too rapid an assertion that cannabis is necessarily ‘causal’. The clinical and policy implications of the misinterpretation of evidence are discussed. A proposal is put forward that the genesis of psychotic illness in alcohol misuse be revisited using more sophisticated research methodologies. Given the changing landscape of substance use in the UK, particularly the fashion of polysubstance use and the recognition that this is associated with psychotic illness, other drugs that are associated with psychotic illness should be similarly investigated to determine whether there is a common mechanism that might throw light on understanding the relationship between substance use and psychotic illness or schizophrenia. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Think about it till it hurts: targeting intensive services to facilitate behaviour change – two examples from the field of substance misuse
Authors: Emlyn‐Jones Rhoda 
Published: September 2007

AbstractBackground In traditional services for people in crisis there is an expectation that those people will come forward and seek help. At a time of crisis this may not be a reasonable expectation.Method Two proactive and engaging programmes have been developed for substance users in crisis. ‘Option 2’ is for families at risk of having their children removed. ‘STIR’ is for people leaving prison. In both cases, a brief but intensive person‐focused intervention is offered during the critical period. While both interventions may incorporate standard clinical elements, the distinctive feature they have in common is that workers go to the prospective client and encourage him or her to shape the solution in terms of both defining the immediate practical support they need and beginning to set longer term goals.Results In‐service evaluations suggest that these services are valued by the clientele, produce measurable change in function for the majority and are likely to save public money.Conclusions Formal research evidence of effectiveness and efficiency might be accomplished by comparing outcomes for similar clients in areas with and without these service options. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Self‐Assembly of a Double Calix[6]arene Pseudorotaxane in Oriented Channels
Authors: Arduini Arturo , Credi Alberto , Faimani Giovanni , Massera Chiara , Pochini Andrea , Secchi Andrea , Semeraro Monica , Silvi Serena , Ugozzoli Franco 
Published: September 2007

AbstractA synthetic study to disclose the more appropriate manner by which two calix[6]arene units could be connected for the construction of an extended tubular structure was undertaken. As a result, a head‐to‐tail double calix[6]arene having the structure of an oriented nanotube that is about 2.6 nm long and 1.6 nm wide was prepared and characterized. This molecule is able to act as a wheel‐type host and forms a supramolecular complex with an axle‐type molecule, derived from 4,4′‐bipyridinium (viologen), through very efficient self‐assembly in solution. The properties of such a pseudorotaxane‐type complex, which is stabilized by a combination of noncovalent interactions, were investigated in solution by UV/Vis absorption spectroscopy and voltammetric methods. These observations provide a clue about the location of the bipyridinium unit along the nanotube. In the solid state, the complex undergoes a further stage of self‐assembly, thereby initiating extended oriented tubular structures. Crystallographic studies revealed that the positioning of the viologen dication in this asymmetric wheel is addressed by a complicated pattern of cooperative noncovalent intermolecular interactions that involve only one half of the host, whereas the remaining (more polar) half of the host is exploited to create long‐range structural order that leads to a “secondary” structure of extended supramolecular channels that, in turn, self‐assemble in the lattice, thus giving rise to a “tertiary” structure of parallel sandwiches of nanotubes.
A Photoelectron Spectroscopic and Computational Study of Sodium Auride Clusters, NanAun‐ (n = 1—3).
Authors: Cui Li‐Feng , Lin Ying‐Chan , Sundholm Dage , Wang Lai‐Sheng 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Oxygen Nonstoichiometry and Ionic Conductivity of Sr3Fe2‐xScxO7‐δ.
Authors: Markov Alexey A. , Patrakeev Mikhail V. , Kharton Vladislav V. , Pivak Yevheniy V. , Leonidov Ilia A. , Kozhevnikov Viktor L. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Effective Suppression of Hydrogen Poisoning from a Ru‐Based Catalyst in a Ag—Pd Membrane Reactor.
Authors: Saito Makoto , Itoh Masahiro , Iwamoto Jun , Machida Ken‐ichi 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of Highly Ordered Mesoporous Crystalline WS2 and MoS2 via a High‐Temperature Reductive Sulfuration Route.
Authors: Shi Yifeng , Wan Ying , Liu Ruili , Tu Bo , Zhao Dongyuan 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
AgOAc Catalyzed Asymmetric [3 + 2] Cycloaddition of Azomethine Ylides with Chiral Ferrocene Derived P,S Ligands.
Authors: Zeng Wei , Zhou Yong‐Gui 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Intramolecular Nitrilimine Cycloadditions to the Thiophene and the Furan Rings.
Authors: Molteni Giorgio , Mondini Sara , Ponti Alessandro 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Neutral π‐Nucleophile‐Catalyzed Cyanation of Aldehydes and Ketones.
Authors: Wang Xiu , Tian Shi‐Kai 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Novel Naphthylmethyleneimino‐Type Photocleavable Protecting Group for Primary Amines.
Authors: Igarashi Tetsutaro , Shimokawa Masaru , Iwasaki Miyuki , Nagata Kensaku , Fujii Masato , Sakurai Tadamitsu 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Asymmetric Amine‐Intercepted Nazarov Cyclization.
Authors: Dhoro Francis , Kristensen Tor E. , Stockmann Vegar , Yap Glenn P. A. , Tius Marcus A. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Kinetic Resolution of 5‐Substituted Cycloalkenones by Peptidic Amidophosphane‐Copper‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Conjugate Addition of Dialkylzinc.
Authors: Soeta Takahiro , Selim Khalid , Kuriyama Masami , Tomioka Kiyoshi 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Asymmetric Conjugate Additions of α‐Substituted‐α‐cyanoacetates to Acetylenic Ketones by Chiral Phase Transfer Catalysis.
Authors: Lan Quan , Wang Xisheng , Maruoka Keiji 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A General and Efficient Method for the Selective Synthesis of β‐Hydroxy Sulfides and β‐Hydroxy Sulfoxides Catalyzed by Gallium(III) Triflate.
Authors: Su Weike , Chen Jiuxi , Wu Huayue , Jin Can 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Thioamidoalkylation of 1,3‐Dicarbonyl Compounds, Enol Silyl Ethers, and Enamines.
Authors: Katritzky Alan R. , Celik Ilhami , Abdel‐Fattah Ashraf A. A. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Chemoselectivity and Enantioselectivity in Copper‐Catalyzed Oxidation of Aryl Benzyl Sulfides.
Authors: Kelly Padraig , Lawrence Simon E. , Maguire Anita R. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Rhodium(I)‐Catalyzed Demethylation—Cyclization of o‐Anisole‐Substituted Ynamides in the Synthesis of Chiral 2‐Amido Benzofurans.
Authors: Oppenheimer Jossian , Johnson Whitney L. , Tracey Michael R. , Hsung Richard P. , Yao Pei‐Yuan , Liu Renhe , Zhao Kang 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
One‐Pot Synthesis of Functionalized Hydantoin Derivatives via a Four‐Component Reaction Between an Amine, an Arylsulfonyl Isocyanate and an Alkyl Propiolate or Dialkyl Acetylenedicarboxylate in the Presence of Triphenylphosphine.
Authors: Alizadeh Abdolali , Sheikhi Ehsan 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Domino Inverse Electron Demand Diels—Alder Reactions of Chromones with Ethyl Vinyl Ether.
Authors: Heredia‐Moya Jorge , Krohn Karsten , Floerke Ulrich , Pessoa‐Mahana Hernan , Weiss‐Lopez Boris , Estevez‐Braun Ana , Araya‐Maturana Ramiro 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthetic Methods for Preparing 1,3‐Di(2‐pyridyl)azulene.
Authors: Oda Mitsunori , Kishi Sayaka , Nguyen Chung Thanh , Kuroda Shigeyasu 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Microwave‐Accelerated Solvent‐ and Catalyst‐Free Synthesis of 4‐Aminoaryl/alkyl‐7‐chloroquinolines and 2‐Aminoaryl/alkylbenzothiazoles.
Authors: Motiwala Hashim F. , Kumar Raj , Chakraborti Asit K. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Magnesium Perchlorate: An Efficient Catalyst for One‐Pot Synthesis of Pyrano‐ and Furanoquinolines.
Authors: Kamble Vinod T. , Ekhe Vijaymala R. , Joshi Neeta S. , Biradar Ankush V. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Organoiodine(III) Mediated Synthesis of 3,9‐Diaryl‐ and 3,9‐Difuryl‐bis‐1,2,4‐triazolo[4,3‐a][4,3‐c]pyrimidines as Antibacterial Agents.
Authors: Prakash Om , Kumar Rajesh , Kumar Ravi , Tyagi Prikshit , Kuhad R. C. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Heterocyclizations of Functionalized Heterocumulenes with C,N‐, C,O‐, and C,S‐Binucleophiles. Part 7. Reaction of 1‐Chloroalkyl Isocyanates with N,N‐Disubstituted Cyanothioacetamides. A New Synthetic Route to 6‐Dialkylamino‐4‐oxo‐3,4‐dihydro‐2H‐1,3‐thiazine‐5‐carbonitriles.
Authors: Sukach V. A. , Chubaruk N. G. , Vovk M. V. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis and Biological Activities of 6‐Aryl‐3‐(D‐glucoheptonic‐hexitol‐1‐yl)‐7H‐1,2,4‐triazolo[3,4‐b] [1,3,4]thiadiazines.
Authors: Ye Xiaoxia , Chen Zhenfei , Zhang Anjiang , Zhang Lixue 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of the Arctic Sponge Alkaloid Viscosaline (I) and the Marine Sponge Alkaloid Theonelladin C (II).
Authors: Shorey Benjamin J. , Lee Victor , Baldwin Jack E. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Concise, Biomimetic Total Synthesis of d,l‐Marcfortine C.
Authors: Greshock Thomas J. , Grubbs Alan W. , Williams Robert M. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Total Synthesis of (+)‐Azaspiracid‐1. Part 1. Synthesis of the Fully Elaborated ABCD Aldehyde.
Authors: Evans David A. , Kvaernoe Lisbet , Mulder Jason A. , Raymer Brian , Dunn Travis B. , Beauchemin Andre , Olhava Edward J. , Juhl Martin , Kagechika Katsuji 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis and Bioactivities of Pyrazolyl or Pyridinyl Substituted Tonghaosu Analogues.
Authors: Yin Biao‐Lin , Chen Li , Xu Han‐Hong , Zhang Jian‐Cun , Wu Yu‐Lin 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Single‐Crystalline and Near‐Monodispersed NaMF3 (M: Mn, Co, Ni, Mg) and LiMAlF6 (M: Ca, Sr) Nanocrystals from Cothermolysis of Multiple Trifluoroacetates in Solution.
Authors: Du Ya‐Ping , Zhang Ya‐Wen , Yan Zheng‐Guang , Sun Ling‐Dong , Gao Song , Yan Chun‐Hua 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Aqueous‐Phase Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation of Ketones — A Greener Approach to Chiral Alcohols
Authors: Wu Xiaofeng , Xiao Jianliang 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Stereoselective Carbonyl Allylation by Umpolung of Allylpalladium(II) Complexes
Authors: Zanoni Giuseppe , Pontiroli Alessandro , Marchetti Alberto , Vidari Giovanni 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Effect of timing of metastasis/disease recurrence and histologic differentiation on survival of patients with advanced gastric cancer
Authors: Patel Pooja R. , Yao James C. , Hess Kenneth , Schnirer Isac , Rashid Asif , Ajani Jaffer A. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND.Patients with advanced gastric cancer have a median survival (MS) of <9 months. It is unclear whether the MS of patients who have advanced cancer at the time of diagnosis (synchronous, Group A) is different from that for patients who develop advanced cancer after curative surgery (metachronous, Group B). It was hypothesized that survival would be similar.METHODS.The medical records of all patients treated at the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center who were in either Group A or Group B were reviewed. Survival of patients was assessed by the Kaplan‐Meier method. A Cox proportional hazards model was used for multivariate hazards ratios that were adjusted for the effects of location of recurrence, histologic differentiation, patient sex and age, the location of the primary tumor, and timing of disease recurrence (Group A or Group B) on survival.RESULTS.In all, 773 consecutive patients qualified for the analysis. The distribution of age, race, histologic differentiation, and primary tumor location was similar in both groups. The MS of Group A (n = 603 patients) and Group B (n = 170 patients) was the same (7.6 months). Similarly, the location of the primary tumor and patient sex were found to have no impact on survival. Patients with poorly differentiated tumors (World Health Organization grade 3 or 4) were found to have a shorter survival compared with those with well‐differentiated or moderately differentiated tumors (grade 1 or 2; P = .004). Patients with distant metastases had a shorter survival (P = .01) than those with locoregional disease recurrence.CONCLUSIONS.The data show that MS is similarly poor in patients with advanced gastric cancer with synchronous metastasis (Group A) or those with metachronous metastasis/disease recurrence (Group B). Poor differentiation and anatomically distant site of metastasis were found to impact MS adversely. Cancer 2007. © 2007 American Cancer Society.
Automated scoring of multiprobe FISH in human spermatozoa
Authors: Perry Melissa J. , Chen Xing , Lu Xin 
Published: September 2007

AbstractIn the case of chromosomal aneuploidy in sperm wherein the incident rate is low and a large number of cells require scoring, automated methods that rely on computer software to segment and to count fluorescence signals are particularly necessary due to countless hours spent in reading slides and to the potential for interoperator differences. The purpose of this pilot experiment was to determine whether there were significant differences in the estimates of disomy frequency produced by automated versus manual scoring of signals for chromosome X, Y, and 18 in human sperm. The frequency of X18, Y18, XX18, YY18, and XY18 were determined in four separate normozoospermic samples. Slides were hybridized using a standard sperm FISH protocol for centromere‐specific probes. Between 500 and 564, DAPI positive nuclei were captured from each sample and scored using the automated system, and the same slides were scored by a trained cytogeneticist, who was blind to the purpose of the study and the automated system results. None of the estimated frequencies was significantly different between manual and automated methods, regardless of whether individual slides or pooled results across all samples were compared. To our knowledge, this is the first report examining the validity of automated cell scoring in human spermatozoa. The results from this pilot exploration of sperm FISH suggest the comparability between automated and manual methods for estimating sex chromosome disomy and provide evidence that automated laser scanning of multiprobe sperm FISH should be explored further. © 2007 International Society for Analytical Cytology
Multibranch structure and its localized property in layered neural networks
Authors: Yamashita Takashi , Hirasawa Kotaro , Furuzuki Takayuki 
Published: September 2007

AbstractNeural networks (NNs) can solve only simple problems if the network size is too small, but increasing the network size is costly in terms of memory space and calculation time. Thus, we have studied how to construct a network structure with high performance and low cost in space and time. One solution is a multibranch structure. Conventional NNs use the single‐branch structure for connections, while the multibranch structure has multiple branches between nodes. In this paper, a new method which enables the multibranch NNs to have the localized property is proposed. It is well known that RBF networks have the localized property, which makes it possible to approximate functions faster than sigmoidal NNs. By using the multibranch structure having the localized property of RBF networks, NNs can obtain superior performance while maintaining lower costs in space and time. Simulation results of function approximations and a classification problem are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of multibranch NNs. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 162(1): 48–55, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20352
Large‐scale magnetic field analysis by the hybrid finite element‐boundary element method combined with the fast multipole method
Authors: Takahashi Yasuhito , Wakao Shinji 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThis paper describes a large‐scale magnetic field analysis by means of the hybrid finite element‐boundary element (FE‐BE) method. The hybrid FE‐BE method is well‐suited for solving open electromagnetic field problems that comprise movement, nonlinear media, and eddy current. In general, however, large memory and computational costs are required due to the dense blocks in the system matrix generated by the BE part of the hybrid formulation. In order to overcome the above difficulties, we introduce the fast multipole method (FMM) to the hybrid FE‐BE formulation developed by ourselves. Furthermore, we propose a novel preconditioning technique suitable for the hybrid FE‐BE method with the FMM. Some numerical results that demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach are also presented. ©2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 162(1): 73–80, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20508