bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A clinical prediction score for upper extremity deep venous thrombosis
Authors: Salmi Louis-Rachid , Sevestre-Pietri Marie-Antoinette , Perusat Sophie , Nguon Monika , Degeilh Maryse , Labarere Jose , Gattolliat Olivier , Boulon Carine , Laroche Jean-Pierre , Roux Philippe Le , Pichot Olivier , Quéré Isabelle , Conri Claude , Bosson Jean-Luc , Constans Joel 
Published: December 2007

SummaryIt was the objective of this study to design a clinical prediction score for the diagnosis of upper extremity deep venous thrombosis (UEDVT).A score was built by multivariate logistic regression in a sample of patients hospitalized for suspicion of UEDVT (derivation sample). It was validated in a second sample in the same university hospital, then in a sample from the multicenter OPTIMEV study that included both outpatients and inpatients. In these three samples, UEDVT diagnosis was objectively confirmed by ultrasound. The derivation sample included 140 patients among whom 50 had confirmed UEDVT, the validation sample included 103 patients among whom 46 had UEDVT, and the OPTIMEV sample included 214 patients among whom 65 had UEDVT. The clinical score identified a combination of four items (venous material, localized pain, unilateral pitting edema and other diagnosis as plausible). One point was attributed to each item (positive for the first 3 and negative for the other diagnosis). A score of –1 or 0 characterized low probability patients, a score of 1 identified intermediate probability patients, and a score of 2 or 3 identified patients with high probability. Low probability score identified a prevalence of UEDVT of 12, 9 and 13%, respectively, in the derivation, validation and OPTIMEV samples. High probability score identified a prevalence of UEDVT of 70, 64 and 69% respectively. In conclusion we propose a simple score to calculate clinical probability of UEDVT. This score might be a useful test in clinical trials as well as in clinical practice.
Discrete functional motifs reside within the cytoplasmic tail of αV integrin subunit
Authors: Haas Thomas A 
Published: December 2007

SummaryPrevious studies have demonstrated that cell-permeable cytoplasmic tail (CT) αIIβ peptides can modulate the activation of αIIbb3.As αVCT contains an αIIβ homologous region, a series of cell-permeable αV and αIIb peptides were generated to determine if αV CT can modulate the activation of β3 integrins in comparison to αIIb, and to identify the minimal bioactive sequences in αV CT. Using NMR structures and molecular models as guides, the initial peptides for study encompassed the αIIβ homologous sequences of αV CT (αV(987–1006); V-1), its amino-terminus (αV(987–993);V-2), a turn motif (αV(993–1001);V-3), the carboxyl- terminus (αV(999–1006); V-4), and corresponding homologous αIIb peptides. Treatment of platelets and αVβ3-expressing cells with the peptides revealed that IIb-1 inhibited αIIβ3 activation and V-1 inhibited αVβ3 activation, but not vice versa. The inhibitory capacity of these peptides was mapped to the central turn-motif region which was encompassed by V-3, but only partially by IIb-3.V-2 and IIb-2 activated both β3 integrins, while V-4 and IIb-4 were inactive. The use of truncation and mutant peptides confirmed the importance of the turn motif for inhibitory activity and identified the side-chain of αV(Q1001) as a critical inhibitory residue. The difference in the integrin inhibitory capacity of αV and αIIb peptides and their capacity to influence the assembly of kinases with integrin CTs, reveals a possible divergence in the regulatory control of the two β3 integrins.
Globalization, Local Knowledge, and the Growth of Ignorance: The Epistemic Construction of Reality
Authors: Evers Hans-Dieter 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThe Southeast Asian Journal of Social Science (SEAJSS) had a predecessor in the form of a student journal, published irregularly in the early 1970s. In 1973, it transformed into a professional journal under the expert guidance of Peter Chen, and with the active encouragement of the then head of department. Since then the journal, throughout its 25 years of existence, has been at the forefront of developing a distinct Southeast Asian social science. The growing number of research institutes and universities, academic journals, consulting firms and local experts disseminating, applying and creating knowledge underline the importance of regional knowledge in a global setting. A journal like the SEAJSS has a major role to play in this context.
Micro-Credit and Good Governance: Models of Poverty Alleviation
Authors: Hossain Ishtiaq 
Published: December 2007

AbstractIt has often been held that economic growth, particularly broad-based growth that leads to rising income and standards of living at all socio-economic strata, is an essential weapon against poverty in the developing world. According to conventional wisdom in development literature, as a country registers economic growth, the benefits will trickle down to even the poorest members of society. It is well-known that this has not happened and that widespread poverty persists. After decades of economic development, too much of the world's wealth is concentrated in too few hands. Instead of lessening the gap between the rich and the poor in this world, this gap has actually increased. This paper identifies two very important models for developing the economies of some Asian countries. The idea of micro-credit has caught on not only in Bangladesh but also in countries like Malaysia, the Philippines, India, China and the United States, and is a model that should be taken seriously.
Scholastic Explanations of Why Local Motion Generates Heat
Authors: Galle Griet 
Published: December 2007

AbstractSeveral medieval commentators on De caelo II, 7 investigate the question of whether local motion causes heat. I analyse the theories of Averroes, Albert the Great, Thomas Aquinas, Peter of Auvergne, John of Jandun, John Buridan and Nicole Oresme and two anonymous theories. Although all of these authors agree that local motion generates heat, each of them presents his own explanation of the heating effect of motion. Averroes, Thomas Aquinas, John of Jandun and John Buridan argue that motion is the per se cause of heat. Their explanations of the heating effect of motion are based on metaphysical considerations such as the relation between a subject and its characteristics or perfections and the causal order in a genus. Albert the Great, Peter of Auvergne, Nicole Oresme and the anonymous commentators, on the contrary, defend the thesis that motion is the accidental cause of heat. Their explanations refer to physical processes caused by motion.
Thomas Wylton Against Minimal Times
Authors: Trifogli Cecilia 
Published: December 2007

AbstractIn his Physics commentary, Thomas Wylton reports and rejects an opinion about time that posits the existence of minimal times conceived of as indivisible parts of time. This opinion is in contrast with the view that time is continuous, the predominant view in the late Middle Ages. In this paper I first explain the notion of minimal time. I then focus on the relation between the existence of minimal times and the existence of minima naturalia in the extension of natural bodies. In particular, I present the two ways in which the author of the opinion in question deduces the existence of minimal times from the existence of minima naturalia in the extension of natural bodies. I also briefly present the reaction of Wylton against this opinion. I finally explain how in this opinion the position of minimal times is relevant to the problem of the existence of time. The Appendix to the paper contains Wylton's report of the opinion about minimal times.
The Atlantic Subtropical Front/Current Systems of Azores and St. Helena
Authors: Juliano Manuela F. , Alves Mário L. G. R. 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
A large-scale climatic ocean circulation model was used to study the Atlantic Ocean circulation. This inverse model is an extension of the β-spiral formulation presented in papers by Stommel and Schott with a more complete version of the vorticity equation, including relative vorticity in addition to planetary vorticity. Also, a more complete database for hydrological measurements in the Atlantic Ocean was used, including not only the National Oceanographic Data Center database but also World Ocean Circulation Experiment data and cruises near the Azores, Angola, and Guinea-Bissau. A detailed analysis of the Northern Hemisphere Azores Current and Front shows that this new database and the model results were able to capture all major features reported previously. In the Southern Hemisphere, the authors have identified fully and described the subtropical front that is the counterpart to the Azores Current, which they call the St. Helena Current and Front. Both current systems of both hemispheres have similar intensities, depth penetration, volume transports, and zonal flow. Both have associated subsurface adjacent countercurrent flows, and their main cores flow at similar latitudes (∼34°N for the Azores Current and 34°S for the St. Helena Current). It is argued that both current systems and associated fronts are the poleward 18°C Mode Water discontinuities of the two Atlantic subtropical gyres and that both originate at the corresponding hemisphere western boundary current systems from which they penetrate into the open ocean interior. Thus, both currents should have a similar forcing source, and their origin should not be linked to any geographical peculiarities.
Generation and Stability of a Quasi-Permanent Vortex in the Lofoten Basin
Authors: Köhl Armin 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
In the Nordic seas the Lofoten Basin is a region of high mesoscale activity. The generation mechanism and the conditions for the stability of a quasi-permanent vortex in the center of the Lofoten Basin are studied with a high-resolution ocean circulation model and altimeter data. The vortex and its generation mechanism manifest themselves by a pronounced sea surface height (SSH) signature and variability, which are found to be in agreement with altimeter data. The vortex results primarily from anticyclonic eddies shed from the eastern branch of the Norwegian Atlantic Current, which propagate southwestward. The large-scale bottom depression of the Lofoten Basin plays a crucial role for attracting anticyclones into the trough and for enabling the dynamical stability of the vortex. The water mass characteristics of the anticyclone lead to enhanced atmospheric interaction (heat loss) during wintertime. The cold water trapped in the upper part of the vortex preconditions convection in the following winter. This positive feedback mechanism tends to deepen convection progressively within the upper part of the vortex.
Managing Resistance
Authors: Maag John W. 
Published: December 2007

Managing resistance represents a major task for adults who work with children who display challenging behaviors. Some of these children are at risk for emotional and behavioral problems; others display academic difficulties such as those characteristic of learning disabilities. Various interventions have been developed for reducing noncompliant or oppositional behaviors and for getting adults to use clear, direct, specific, and contingent commands. Although these efforts have been met with some success, managing resistance continues to be a major treatment issue. In this article, several factors that inhibit managing resistance effectively are discussed, and options for expanding adults' repertoires of skills are presented.
Susan Limber and Sylvia Cedillo
Authors: Cbamberlain Steven P. 
Published: December 2007

Susan Limber, PhD, MLS, is associate director of the Institute on Family and Neighborhood Lifeand an associate professor of psychology at Clemson. She is a developmental psychologist who received her master's and doctoral degrees in psychology at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. She also holds a master's in legal studies from Nebraska. Dr. Limber's research and writing have focused on legal and psychological issues related to youth violence (particularly bullying among children), child protection, and children's rights. In 1997, Dr. Limber received the Saleem Shah Award for early career excellence in psychology-law policy, awarded by the American Psychology-Law Society of the American Psychological Association and the American Academy of Forensic Psychiatry. She directed the first wide-scale implementation and evaluation of the Olweus Bullying Prevention Program in the United States and co-authored the Blueprint for the Bullying Prevention Program, as well as several other articles on the topic of bullying. In recent years, she has consulted with numerous schools around the country on reducing bullying among school children. Sylvia Cedillo, JD, specializes in working with schools to end gender violence. She emphasizes bullying as one aspect of the continuum of violence that includes sexual harassment, sexual assault, stalking, and dating/ domestic violence. On a regular basis, she provides staff development and classroom presentations to students. In 1995, Ms. Cedillo began her professional career as an attorney litigating Title IX peer-to-peer sexual harassment cases. Upon graduation from law school, she received a 2-year postgraduate fellowship to create Stop Harassment in Public Schools, a statewide Title IX initiative emphasizing education, public policy development, and legal remedies. Ms. Cedillo received her law degree from The University of Texas School of Law in Austin. She also holds a bachelor of arts degree from the university in history and African American studies. Currently, she directs The P.E.A.C.E. Project at Prairie View A&M University.
Interleukin-2, interleukin-12, and interferon-γ levels and risk of young adult Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Cozen Wendy , Gill Parkash S. , Salam Muhammad T. , Nieters Alexandra , Masood Rizwan , Cockburn Myles G. , Gauderman W. James , Martínez-Maza Otoniel , Nathwani Bharat N. , Pike Malcolm C. , Van Den Berg David J. , Hamilton Ann S. , Deapen Dennis M. , Mack Thomas M. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractYoung adult Hodgkin lymphoma (YAHL) is associated clinically with altered immunity, including a systemic defect in cell-mediated responses. There is strong evidence of a genetic contribution to risk, so we hypothesized that heritable alterations in cytokine production associated with Th1 function may contribute to susceptibility. We identified twin pairs in whom at least one member had YAHL and measured interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-12 (IL-12), and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) levels in PHA-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cell supernatant in 90 case-twins, 84 of their disease-free twins (unaffected cotwins), and 90 matched controls. Mean difference and mean percentage difference in cytokine levels between case-twins and controls, and unaffected cotwins and controls were determined using analysis of covariance. YAHL case-twins and their unaffected cotwins had IL-12 levels that were 60.6% (P = .002) and 49% (P = .04) lower than those of their matched controls, respectively. IL-2 levels were significantly higher in case-twins (P = .049), but not unaffected cotwins (P = .57), compared with controls. Differences in IFN-γ levels were not statistically significant in either comparison. An IL-12 polymorphism known to regulate expression was associated with a 2.8-fold (P = .03) increase in YAHL risk. Thus, both case-twins and their unaffected cotwins had a decreased ability to produce IL-12, which may contribute to YAHL susceptibility.
Plasmid-based genetic modification of human bone marrow-derived stromal cells: analysis of cell survival and transgene expression after transplantation in rat spinal cord
Authors: Ronsyn Mark W , Daans Jasmijn , Spaepen Gie , Chatterjee Shyama , Vermeulen Katrien , D'Haese Patrick , Van Tendeloo Viggo FI , Van Marck Eric , Ysebaert Dirk , Berneman Zwi N , Jorens Philippe G , Ponsaerts Peter 
Published: December 2007

Abstract

Background
Bone marrow-derived stromal cells (MSC) are attractive targets for ex vivo cell and gene therapy. In this context, we investigated the feasibility of a plasmid-based strategy for genetic modification of human (h)MSC with enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) and neurotrophin (NT)3. Three genetically modified hMSC lines (EGFP, NT3, NT3-EGFP) were established and used to study cell survival and transgene expression following transplantation in rat spinal cord.

Results
First, we demonstrate long-term survival of transplanted hMSC-EGFP cells in rat spinal cord under, but not without, appropriate immune suppression. Next, we examined the stability of EGFP or NT3 transgene expression following transplantation of hMSC-EGFP, hMSC-NT3 and hMSC-NT3-EGFP in rat spinal cord. While in vivo EGFP mRNA and protein expression by transplanted hMSC-EGFP cells was readily detectable at different time points post-transplantation, in vivo NT3 mRNA expression by hMSC-NT3 cells and in vivo EGFP protein expression by hMSC-NT3-EGFP cells was, respectively, undetectable or declined rapidly between day 1 and 7 post-transplantation. Further investigation revealed that the observed in vivo decline of EGFP protein expression by hMSC-NT3-EGFP cells: (i) was associated with a decrease in transgenic NT3-EGFP mRNA expression as suggested following laser capture micro-dissection analysis of hMSC-NT3-EGFP cell transplants at day 1 and day 7 post-transplantation, (ii) did not occur when hMSC-NT3-EGFP cells were transplanted subcutaneously, and (iii) was reversed upon re-establishment of hMSC-NT3-EGFP cell cultures at 2 weeks post-transplantation. Finally, because we observed a slowly progressing tumour growth following transplantation of all our hMSC cell transplants, we here demonstrate that omitting immune suppressive therapy is sufficient to prevent further tumour growth and to eradicate malignant xenogeneic cell transplants.

Conclusion
In this study, we demonstrate that genetically modified hMSC lines can survive in healthy rat spinal cord over at least 3 weeks by using adequate immune suppression and can serve as vehicles for transgene expression. However, before genetically modified hMSC can potentially be used in a clinical setting to treat spinal cord injuries, more research on standardisation of hMSC culture and genetic modification needs to be done in order to prevent tumour formation and transgene silencing in vivo.
Quantification of global transcription patterns in prokaryotes using spotted microarrays
Authors: Sidders Ben , Withers Mike , Kendall Sharon L , Bacon Joanna , Waddell Simon J , Hinds Jason , Golby Paul , Movahedzadeh Farahnaz , Cox Robert A , Frita Rosangela , ten Bokum Annemieke MC , Wernisch Lorenz , Stoker Neil G 
Published: December 2007

AbstractWe describe an analysis, applicable to any spotted microarray dataset produced using genomic DNA as a reference, that quantifies prokaryotic levels of mRNA on a genome-wide scale. Applying this to Mycobacterium tuberculosis, we validate the technique, show a correlation between level of expression and biological importance, define the complement of invariant genes and analyze absolute levels of expression by functional class to develop ways of understanding an organism's biology without comparison to another growth condition.
Myogenesis and muscle metabolism in juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) made transgenic for growth hormone
Authors: Levesque H. M. , Shears M. A. , Fletcher G. L. , Moon T. W. 
Published: December 2007

SUMMARY
Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) made transgenic for growth hormone(GH) and non-transgenic salmon were sampled at 4 and 7 months of age to estimate myogenic factors, satellite cell proliferation and metabolic enzyme activities. The growth rate of 4 month old transgenic salmon was higher than that of non-transgenic salmon. Myosatellite cell (MC) proliferation rates were higher in cells isolated from GH-transgenic salmon compared with cells from non-transgenic salmon of the same mass. Moreover, MCs extracted from non-transgenic salmon demonstrated a higher proliferation capacity when exposed in vitro to salmon GH. White muscle MyoD I mRNA content was higher in transgenic and non-transgenic salmon at 7 months compared with that at 4 months, indicating an effect of age on MyoD I mRNA expression. White muscle myogenin mRNA content varied with fish age and presence of the transgene, and was higher in transgenic fish at 7 months, suggesting a higher differentiation capacity. MyoD I, MyoD II and myogenin mRNA content was higher in red muscle of GH-transgenic fish at 7 months compared with non-transgenic salmon at 7 months. However, red muscle myogenic factor expression was not different between transgenic and non-transgenic fish of the same weight. Enzyme activities in white muscle and liver were highly affected by the presence of the transgene, although this effect was generally dependent on the age of the fish. Glycolytic and oxidative enzyme activities were increased in transgenic salmon liver, indicating a higher metabolic rate in transgenics. This study demonstrates that (1) the higher growth rate of transgenic salmon particularly at 4 months of age could be explained at least in part by higher numbers and proliferation rates of MCs, (2) GH can directly stimulate the proliferation of myosatellite cells extracted from salmon, indicating that GH is one possible factor involved in the higher myosatellite cell proliferation rates in transgenic salmon, (3) MyoD and myogenin mRNA expression are affected by fish age, and (4) metabolic enzyme activities are affected by the age of the fish at least in liver and white muscle, and any transgene effect is dependent upon the age of the fish.
The thermal properties of beeswaxes: unexpected findings
Authors: Buchwald Robert , Breed Michael D. , Greenberg Alan R. 
Published: December 2007

SUMMARY
Standard melting point analyses only partially describe the thermal properties of eusocial beeswaxes. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)revealed that thermal phase changes in wax are initiated at substantially lower temperatures than visually observed melting points. Instead of a sharp,single endothermic peak at the published melting point of 64°C, DSC analysis of Apis mellifera Linnaeus wax yielded a broad melting curve that showed the initiation of melting at approximately 40°C. Although Apis beeswax retained a solid appearance at these temperatures, heat absorption and initiation of melting could affect the structural characteristics of the wax. Additionally, a more complete characterization of the thermal properties indicated that the onset of melting, melting range and heat of fusion of beeswaxes varied significantly among tribes of social bees(Bombini, Meliponini, Apini). Compared with other waxes examined, the relatively malleable wax of bumblebees (Bombini) had the lowest onset of melting and lowest heat of fusion but an intermediate melting temperature range. Stingless bee (Meliponini) wax was intermediate between bumblebee and honeybee wax (Apini) in heat of fusion, but had the highest onset of melting and the narrowest melting temperature range. The broad melting temperature range and high heat of fusion in the Apini may be associated with the use of wax comb as a free-hanging structural material, while the Bombini and Meliponini support their wax structures with exogenous materials.