bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
GENERALIZED SINGULAR VALUE DECOMPOSITION AND ITS APPLICATIONS IN MODEL ANALYSIS
Authors: DULOV EUGENE V. , ZAPATA HUMBERTO SARRIA , ANDRIANOVA NATALIA A. 
Published: March 2006

For a variety of processes we can observe and register their characteristics, making up a sequence of measurement vectors or matrices (rectangular in general). Our goal is to extract some model dependent information using the available information. Such approaches are typical in technology (for a neat chemistry example, see [7,9]) and model analysis like parameter identification of linear stochastic dynamic systems. Since a stochastic nature of financial and economic data is evident, we can extend this data analysis technique to a number of new applications.If we are successful, some kind of adaptive filter can be further constructed (similar to the classic Kalman's one, for example). Inspired with formal model parameters, we can apply this filter to process financial data like stock information to predict and verify how close is a mathematical model to a real-time data.Namely, when provided with a set measurements represented by matrices Ai∈ Mm,n(ℝ), we have to estimate a problem dependent characteristic matrices [Formula: see text] with P,Q being orthonormal matrices, Bi∈ Mr(ℝ), r ≤ min {m,n}. Formulated as above, the problem is usually called a generalized singular value decomposition (GSVD) problem and could be solved numerically [1, 2]. These matrices provide some basic information applicable for higher level automated problem solver or human interpretation.
History and Pseudo-History in the Jesus Film Genre
Authors: Reinhartz Adele 
Published: March 2006

AbstractMovies in the Jesus film genre often claim to be not only faithful renditions of their texts—the New Testament Gospels—but also accurate representations of the person, words and deeds of the historical Jesus himself. More fundamentally, they also presume a tight connection between historicity and faith. A viewer who learns about the historical Jesus through these films, they suggest, will have his or her faith forever strengthened. The irony is that whereas the Gospels have inspired profound ideas and beliefs that have shaped Christian spiritually through the two millennia since Jesus' lifetime, their transformation on the silver screen almost always results in a superficial, shallow, simplistic representation of Jesus, his life and his significance for humankind. While almost every Jesus movie has its moments of grace and artistry, most of them plod through the story even as they claim to bring to life both the Jesus of history and the Christ of faith.This paper explores two films—Martin Scorsese's The Last Temptation of Christ (1988) and Denys Arcand's Jesus of Montreal (1989)—that break out of this pattern, and in doing so mount a fundamental and explicit challenge to the links between scripture, history and faith. Paradoxically, this challenge allows them a more profound and nuanced exploration of Christian faith than can be found in most other films of this genre.
Angels in America and Semiotic Cocktails of Sex, Bible and Politics
Authors: Nutu Ela 
Published: March 2006

AbstractThis paper offers a reading of Mike Nichols' television adaptation of Tony Kushner's Angels in America with reference to biblical encounters with angels, whether direct, like those of Jacob and Elijah, or indirect, like that of the sick man by the Bethesda pool (John 5). Kushner's work is complex, and it addresses issues like the human condition, homosexuality, AIDS, race, religion and politics, while emphasising elements of choice and identity. For Kushner, it seems, 'angels' signify an absence rather than a presence of the divine, puzzles rather than answers (many of which refer to sex and gender identities), and turn-of-the-millennium angst. Kushner's 'Prior' character is declared a prophet by the messenger angel while dying of AIDS. Prior's encounter harbours echoes of Elijah's own encounter with an angel of the Lord while struggling with exhaustion and an apparent desire for death (1 Kings 19:1-9). Furthermore, unwilling to accept the role of prophet, Prior wrestles with the angel, and, in a similar vein to Jacob's experience (Gen. 32:22-32), this results in a ladder leading to heaven and a blessing. This paper explores the complex world of signifiers in Angels in America, while paying particular attention to the biblical elements present in the text.
The Wizard of Uz: Job, Dorothy, and the Limits of the Sublime
Authors: Linafelt Tod 
Published: March 2006

AbstractComparing the book of Job with The Wizard of Oz brings out quite a few substantial similarities between the two. Whether or not these similarities are the result of direct, conscious influence, considering these two classic works together leads to a more interesting and complex evaluation of each on its own. In particular, we may see that both works demonstrate a knowing engagement with what aesthetic theory would identify as "the beautiful" and "the sublime." Ultimately, The Wizard of Oz rejects the sublime in favor of the beautiful, whereas the book of Job, though implying a critique of the sublime as represented in the God-speeches, holds on to both the sublime and the beautiful as legitimate categories.
Shaykh Muhammad ibn a 'Abd al-Wahhāb and Shāh Walī Allāh: A Preliminary Comparison of Some Aspects of their Lifes and Careers
Authors: Ibrahim Hassan Ahmed 
Published: March 2006

AbstractShaykh Muhammad ibn 'Abd al-Wahhāb (1703–1791) and Shāh Walī Allāh (1703–1762) were, indeed, the two key Mujaddis in the entire eighteenth-century Muslim world. Many scholarly and amateurish works were produced in English, Arabic, Urdu and other languages on their substantial achievements, but I am not aware of any independent comparative study of their careers and thought. This paper is, however, just a preliminary attempt to construct such a comparison and contrast through studying some aspects of their colourful lives and intellectual legacies. The discourse contests, in particular, the neologism "Indian Wahhābism", which had been coined by some orientalists to designate the Indian Islamic reformist movement, because, to say the least, it implicitly, but without justification, condemned it as a carbon copy of Wahhābism, and its vanguard, Shāh Walī Allāh, as a replica of his contemporary Muhammad ibn 'Abd al-Wahhāb. The discourse suggests that the Shaykh and the Shāh founded and spearheaded distinct, but largely dissimilar, systems and schools of thought in the pre-modernist era that have had far-reaching impacts on subsequent Islamic reformist movements worldwide.
A Yearning of the Heart: Spirituality and Politics
Authors: Tagesson Helena 
Published: March 2006

AbstractThis text is a personal account of some of my experiences as an activist within the global justice movement and also as a Buddhist practitioner, and how these two ways of striving for human emancipation interlink and mutually reinforce each other. Using examples from the Swedish Attac movement and the EU summit mobilisations in Gothenburg in 2001, the text argues that social movement activism is often existentially challenging, in that its participants are made aware of their inability to live up to their own ideals of equality, inclusion, justice and dignity. Many activists experience a kind of deep, existential disappointment with themselves and their organisations, which makes it hard to sustain engagement, especially since most movements do not have a language for or a culture of speaking about these processes. The text shares experiences of using teachings and practices of teachers such as Thich Nhat Hanh, Chögyam Trungpa and Pema Chödrön in order to understand and integrate such disappointment and sustain engagement.
Power as Subordination and Resistance as Disobedience: Non-violent Movements and the Management of Power
Authors: Vinthagen Stellan 
Published: March 2006

AbstractThis text synthesizes non-violent resistance theory (Sharp, 1973) and late modern power theory (Foucault, 1974), in an attempt to understand resistance to power. Contemporary non-violence research focuses on the power relation between the (free) Citizen and the (centralised) State, and does not consider the power which disciplines people's perception and behaviour in accordance with "truth-regimes", or non-violent activists. Hence, a modification of the consent theory is needed to destabilize its Cartesian assumption of a (non-violent) Subject with a free, autonomous and conscious will. At the same time, in opposition to prevalent interpretations of Foucault, I will argue that incorporated forms of power imply cooperative subordination. The actor still has a precarious space to choose or resist. This in turn, opens new space to understand resistance, which is indicated in the conclusion.
A War Against the Turks? Erasmus on War and Peace
Authors: Dallmayr Fred 
Published: March 2006

AbstractIn a time dominated by incessant warfare, violence and terrorism, it would do well to remember the great Dutch humanist Erasmus and especially his teachings on war and peace. The essay focuses on three Erasmus texts: "On the War against the Turks"; his comments on the classical adage "War is Sweet to the Inexperienced"; and his "Handbook for a Militant Christian". In the first text, Erasmus champions a slightly modified version of the traditional doctrine of "just war", by stipulating that war can only be conducted in self-defense against aggression, and only as a last resort after all other avenues have been exhausted. Outside these limits, he insists, war is an act of savagery; above all, if it is inspired by such motives as "lust for power, ambition or desire for revenge" it is not war but mere brigandage. The second text expands the critique of unrestricted warfare into a critique of some pretended justifications of war — especially arguments blaming a corrupt "human nature" or invoking the requirements of "public security". The final text opposes power plays and warmongering — the ethical standards of good will and respect for others as guideposts for inter-confessional relations and as antidotes to religiously sanctioned violence.
A Civilised Gemeinschaft: Ally of Civil Society in Capitalist Development
Authors: Lever-Tracy Constance 
Published: March 2006

AbstractWe have seen a new, distinctive and, to a considerable extent, self-directed implantation and flourishing of capitalist enterprises and accumulation in a number of previously economically under-developed parts of the world. This has been particularly notable in East Asia and coastal China, among some minorities in Southeast Asia and North America and also in parts of Eastern and Southern Europe.The first part of the paper discusses classical theories of civil society as an essential seedbed for capitalist development. The next section argues that some attributes of such a civil society are today interpenetrating with aspects of gemeinschaft type relationships of kinship and community, blurring the distinction and drawing from the combination a renewed dynamism, flexibility and developmental power. In the last sections, a closer look is taken at two situations of recently re-invigorated capitalist activity, amongst Chinese diaspora capitalists outside the mainland, and in the successful, export-oriented industrialisation of the villages of coastal China. The aim is to see if light can be thrown on these recently successful cases, by the notion of a strengthened civil society, reinvigorated by such a civilised gemeinschaft.
Identity Conflict in Modern Orthodox Judaism and the Laws of Family Purity
Authors: Guterman Mark 
Published: March 2006

AbstractThis research was designed to study the issue of observance of the ritually unclean period amongst Modern Orthodox Jews. A sample group of fifty-three congregants filled out a questionnaire survey. The sample was then subdivided into "older" and "younger" groups. Measurements of thirteen dependent variables were broken down into "strict" and "lenient" categories. The study concludes that many laws are being broken overall, that more "lenient" laws are being broken than "strict" ones, and that older congregants are more likely to break the laws than younger ones.
The Formation and Function of the Category "Religion" in Anthropological Studies of Taiwan
Authors: Feuchtwang Stephan , Tremlett Paul-François , Shih Fang-Long 
Published: March 2006

AbstractThis paper has two sections. The first constitutes a reflection on anthropological analyses of religion in Taiwan. We try to demonstrate that a shift has occurred in the conduct of these analyses that reflect engagements with the notion of "orientalism" and debates about the concept of "culture". We argue that the formation of the category "religion" in anthropology served a specific function: to signify the pre-modern. We outline the breakdown of this idea of religion in light of orientalism and the critique of culture as a bounded unit of analysis. We then argue that the strength of contemporary approaches to religion in Taiwan lie in their acknowledgement that studying religion provides new ways to examine processes of place-making and representational practices. The second part of the paper is an interview with Stephan Feuchtwang who has been writing on religion in China and Taiwan for over thirty years.
The Evolution of Religion: Three Anthropological Approaches
Authors: Dow James 
Published: March 2006

AbstractThis article examines three anthropological theories explaining how religion has evolved and continues to evolve. They are: commitment theory, which postulates that religion is a system of costly signaling that reduces deception and creates cooperation within groups; cognitive theory, which postulates that religion is the manifestation of mental modules that have evolved for other purposes; and ecological regulation theory, which postulates that religion is a master control system regulating the interaction of human groups with their environments. An assessment of the success of the theories is offered. The idea that the biological evolution of the capacity for religion is based on the group selection rather than individual selection is rejected as unnecessary. The relationship between adaptive systems and culturally transmitted sacred values is examined cross-culturally, and the three theories are integrated into an overall gene-culture view of religion that includes both the biological evolution and the cultural evolution of behavioral systems.
Characteristics of U.S. Extreme Rain Events during 1999–2003
Authors: Schumacher Russ S. , Johnson Richard H. 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
This study examines the characteristics of a large number of extreme rain events over the eastern two-thirds of the United States. Over a 5-yr period, 184 events are identified where the 24-h precipitation total at one or more stations exceeds the 50-yr recurrence amount for that location. Over the entire region of study, these events are most common in July. In the northern United States, extreme rain events are confined almost exclusively to the warm season; in the southern part of the country, these events are distributed more evenly throughout the year. National composite radar reflectivity data are used to classify each event as a mesoscale convective system (MCS), a synoptic system, or a tropical system, and then to classify the MCS and synoptic events into subclassifications based on their organizational structures. This analysis shows that 66% of all the events and 74% of the warm-season events are associated with MCSs; nearly all of the cool-season events are caused by storms with strong synoptic forcing. Similarly, nearly all of the extreme rain events in the northern part of the country are caused by MCSs; synoptic and tropical systems play a larger role in the South and East. MCS-related events are found to most commonly begin at around 1800 local standard time (LST), produce their peak rainfall between 2100 and 2300 LST, and dissipate or move out of the affected area by 0300 LST.
Mountain Wave–Induced Polar Stratospheric Cloud Forecasts for Aircraft Science Flights during SOLVE/THESEO 2000
Authors: Eckermann Stephen D. , Dörnbrack Andreas , Flentje Harald , Vosper Simon B. , Mahoney M. J. , Bui T. Paul , Carslaw Kenneth S. 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The results of a multimodel forecasting effort to predict mountain wave–induced polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) for airborne science during the third Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment (SAGE III) Ozone Loss and Validation Experiment (SOLVE)/Third European Stratospheric Experiment on Ozone (THESEO 2000) Arctic ozone campaign are assessed. The focus is on forecasts for five flights of NASA's instrumented DC-8 research aircraft in which PSCs observed by onboard aerosol lidars were identified as wave related. Aircraft PSC measurements over northern Scandinavia on 25–27 January 2000 were accurately forecast by the mountain wave models several days in advance, permitting coordinated quasi-Lagrangian flights that measured their composition and structure in unprecedented detail. On 23 January 2000 mountain wave ice PSCs were forecast over eastern Greenland. Thick layers of wave-induced ice PSC were measured by DC-8 aerosol lidars in regions along the flight track where the forecasts predicted enhanced stratospheric mountain wave amplitudes. The data from these flights, which were planned using this forecast guidance, have substantially improved the overall understanding of PSC microphysics within mountain waves. Observations of PSCs south of the DC-8 flight track on 30 November 1999 are consistent with forecasts of mountain wave–induced ice clouds over southern Scandinavia, and are validated locally using radiosonde data. On the remaining two flights wavelike PSCs were reported in regions where no mountain wave PSCs were forecast. For 10 December 1999, it is shown that locally generated mountain waves could not have propagated into the stratosphere where the PSCs were observed, confirming conclusions of other recent studies. For the PSC observed on 14 January 2000 over northern Greenland, recent work indicates that nonorographic gravity waves radiated from the jet stream produced this PSC, confirming the original forecast of no mountain wave influence. This forecast is validated further by comparing with a nearby ER-2 flight segment to the south of the DC-8, which intercepted and measured local stratospheric mountain waves with properties similar to those predicted. In total, the original forecast guidance proves to be consistent with PSC data acquired from all five of these DC-8 flights. The work discussed herein highlights areas where improvements can be made in future wave PSC forecasting campaigns, such as use of anelastic rather than Boussinesq linearized gridpoint models and a need to forecast stratospheric gravity waves from sources other than mountains.
Confidence Interval Estimation for Quantitative Precipitation Forecasts (QPF) Using Short-Range Ensemble Forecasts (SREF)
Authors: Im Jung-Sun , Brill Keith , Danaher Edwin 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The Hydrometeorological Prediction Center (HPC) at the NCEP has produced a suite of deterministic quantitative precipitation forecasts (QPFs) for over 40 yr. While the operational forecasts have proven to be useful in their present form, they offer no information concerning the uncertainties of individual forecasts. The purpose of this study is to develop a methodology to quantify the uncertainty in manually produced 6-h HPC QPFs (HQPFs) using NCEP short-range ensemble forecasts (SREFs). Results presented herein show the SREFs can predict the uncertainty of HQPFs. The correlation between HQPF absolute error (AE) and ensemble QPF spread (SP) is greater than 0.5 at 90.5% of grid points in the continental United States, exceeding 0.8 at 10% of these, for the 6-h forecast in winter. On the basis of the high correlation, the linear regression equations of AE on SP are derived at each point on a grid covering the United States. In addition, the regression equations for data categorized according to the observed and forecasted precipitation amounts are obtained and evaluated. Using the regression model equation parameters for 15 categorized ranges of HQPF at each horizontal grid point for each season and individual forecast lead time, an AE associated with an individual SP is predicted, as is the 95% confidence interval (CI) of the AE. Based on the AE CI forecast and the HQPF itself, the 95% CI of the HQPF is predicted as well. This study introduces an efficient and advanced method, providing an estimate of the uncertainty in the deterministic HQPF. Verification demonstrates the usefulness of the CI forecasts for a variety of classifications, such as season, CI range, HQPF, and forecast lead time.
Reasons to be cheerful
Authors: Barnett Steven 
Published: March 2006

Results of the BJR/YouGov poll show that: •Few contemplate giving up reading newspapers •Free-sheets haven't made much impact •Twice as many young people than other groups polled read papers more often than a year ago •It's still news that most attracts readers Analysing the results, Professor Stephen Barnett concludes: "Over the next few years there will be more demands on people's time, an even more expansive media world, more emphasis on immediacy, and more reasons to give up the newspaper habit. There will, certainly, be continued circulation decline. But the evidence suggests that, just as cinema going declined until the eighties and then bottomed out and rose again, newspapers will find their plateau. This presupposes that the business models - in particular for the quality end whose greater reliance on advertising may be threatened - will continue to work. But in cultural and consumer terms, as long as the newspaper industry can continue to offer something of real journalistic substance, our data suggest that it will continue to find a willing and substantial readership."
STAT5 signaling is required for the efficient induction and maintenance of CML in mice
Authors: Ye Dan , Wolff Nicholas , Li Li , Zhang Shumin , Ilaria Robert L. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractThe role of signal transducers and activators of transcription 5 (STAT5) in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is controversial. To clarify the role of STAT5 signaling in P210BCR/ABL leukemogenesis, P210 was introduced into primary murine STAT5A-deficient (STAT5A–/–) bone marrow (BM) cells, which, unlike STAT5A/5B double knockout BM cells, have no major intrinsic hematopoietic defects. Interestingly, only 21% of mice reconstituted with P210-transduced STAT5A–/– BM cells developed classic CML, compared with 80% to 100% of P210/STAT5A+/+ and P210/STAT5A+/–-reconstituted animals. The remainder of P210/STAT5A–/– animals died from an acute B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)–like disease (32%) or a CML/ALL mix (47%), reflecting impairment in the induction and maintenance of CML, which normally predominates in this mouse model. Of mice that ultimately developed CML, P210/STAT5A–/– animals had prolonged survival and increased myeloid immaturity. Importantly, reconstitution of wild-type mice with BM cells coexpressing P210 and dominant-negative STAT5 also profoundly reduced the incidence of CML, without impairing the induction of ALL. Altogether, these findings indicate that STAT5 and STAT5A play an important role in the pathogenesis of the CML-like disease in mice. A greater understanding of the STAT5 target genes involved in CML induction may lead to new therapeutic targets that influence CML progenitor cell biology.