bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What Is the Tattvasaṅgraha About? Kamalaśīla on the Fourteen Qualifiers of the pratītyasamutpāda
Authors: Matsuoka Hiroko 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The Tattvasaṅgraha (TS) has been considered a comprehensive encyclopedia of both Buddhist and non-Buddhist philosophical subjects. According to Kamalaśīla’s Vajracchedikāṭīkā, however, the refutations of objections (*codyaparihāra) by other systems of thought is merely a means to indirectly make the reader understand the topic (*abhidheya) and ultimately achieve the purpose (*prayojana) of the work. The topic of TS is “the true states [of things]” (tattva), which is interpreted by Kamalaśīla as “the various qualifiers of the entities that have arisen having depended on causes and conditions” (pratītyasamutpāda=pratītyasamutpanna) enumerated in TS 1–6ab. It is well-known that the first ten qualifiers of the pratītyasamutpāda in TS 1–4ab correspond to the topics of the first twenty-three chapters of TS, while the remaining elements in TS 4cd–6abc were known to be difficult to allocate to specific chapters. This paper sheds light on the possibility of analyzing the latter elements as well, suggesting that they form the qualifiers of the pratītyasamutpāda. Consequently, the eleventh and twelfth qualifiers of the pratītyasamutpāda, “which is free from all conceptual proliferation” and “which is not understood by others” in TS 4cd, qualify the pratītyasamutpāda as the object of the Buddha’s cognition characterized by the negation of conceptual cognition and heathen cognition. They summarize the first twenty-three chapters and all twenty-six chapters, respectively. Furthermore, the qualifications of the Buddha who teaches the pratītyasamutpāda in TS 5–6abc are convertible to the thirteenth and fourteen qualifications of the pratītyasamutpāda, “which is taught by [the direct seer] who does not depend on an autonomous Veda” and “which is taught by the Omniscient One for whom the great compassion became natural.” These paired qualities, wisdom (prajñā) and compassion (dayā), form the essential qualities of a qualified teacher of the pratītyasamutpāda and are described in Chs. 24–25 and Ch. 26, respectively.
On the Omniscience of the Buddha and aśeṣajñāna as Discussed in the Final Chapter of the Tattvasaṃgrahapañjikā
Authors: Satō Chigaku 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The final chapter of the Tattvasaṃgrahapañjikā (TSP) contains a lengthy discussion on omniscience. In this paper, I will first review the relationship between the idea that the Buddha is a pramāṇa, as presented in the Pramāṇavārttika, and the view of the omniscient one in the TSP. I will then examine the concept of “remainderless” (aśeṣa) discussed in Devendrabuddhi’s Pramāṇavārttikapañjikā (PVP) and in Jinendrabuddhi’s Pramāṇasamuccayaṭīkā (PSṬ) to show that the understanding of aśeṣa in the PVP and the PSṬ is related to Kamalaśīla’s understanding of the omniscient one. Finally, I will propose that the concept of aśeṣajñāna can serve as key to considering Dharmakīrtian’s understanding of the omniscient one.
On Verbal Cognition: Śāntarakṣita’s and Kamalaśīla’s Treatment of vivakṣā
Authors: Sferra Francesco 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Jinendrabuddhi, Śāntarakṣita and Kamalaśīla are those who, while putting the ‘intention of the speaker’ (vivakṣā) at the core of their analysis of verbal communication, opt for a formal and technical treatment of the topic. In order to prove through coherent arguments that śābdajñāna is inference and therefore to support Dignāga’s reduction of the valid means of correct knowledge, they all identify vivakṣā with the property-possessor (dharmin) or probandum (sādhya), and śabda (‘word’) with the logical mark (liṅga) or probans (sādhana). They do so to counteract the criticisms of the opponents (Kumārila first of all). Nevertheless, while Jinendrabuddhi, following Dharmakīrti, recognizes the sheer pragmatic value of verbal cognition, Śāntarakṣita and Kamalaśīla seem to follow Dignāga more closely and also recognize its epistemic value. The purpose of this article is precisely to describe the essential points of the arguments of Śāntarakṣita and Kamalaśīla, and show their most original aspects.
Sleep quality and its association with anxiety, stress, sleep-related beliefs and attitudes and postural control in young adults: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Tanwar Tarushi , Aldabbas Mosab , Iram Iram , Veqar Zubia 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Adequate sleep is essential for young adults, as this age group primarily consists of students, job seekers, and working people constantly managing a hectic lifestyle. Poor quality of sleep, which is essential for physical and mental well-being in the short and long term, can result in impaired overall health. However, there exists a gap in the literature regarding the factors affecting sleep among young adults. Hence, the objective of this study was to find the prevalence of sleep-related parameters (sleep health, hygiene, and sleep-related beliefs and attitudes) and potential risk factors for sleep quality and to investigate the association between sleep and postural control in young adults.

Methods
This prospective, cross-sectional, analytical study included 181 young adults, 113 (62.43 %) females, and 68 (37.57 %) males, with a mean age of 23.82 ± 2.88 years. Sleep quality, health, beliefs, hygiene, stress, anxiety, and depression were assessed using questionnaires. Postural control was assessed using center of pressure (COP) indices.

Results
The overall prevalence of poor sleep quality was 79.01 % among young adults. Multiple linear regression showed that predictors explained 44 % of sleep quality variance (adjusted R square=0.44, f (12,168) = 20.91, p<0.05). Poor sleep-related beliefs and attitudes (95 % CI [0.037, 0.679], p=0.029), higher perceived stress (95 % CI [0.005, 0.219], p=0.039), higher anxiety severity (95 % CI [0.108, 0.526], p=0.003), and poor COP stability index A/P (95 % CI [4.986, 11.248], p=0.00) were found to be significant predictors of poor sleep quality.

Conclusions
High anxiety and stress, and poor dysfunctional beliefs and attitudes about sleep are predictors of poor sleep quality in young adults. These factors may significantly affect sleep quality and the experience of restful sleep among young adults. Also, poor sleep quality is associated with reduced postural control (decreased stability in the A/P direction). These findings are crucial for improving young adults’ overall health and well-being, as poor sleep is highly prevalent among this age group.
High modulation effects on hybrid optical fiber links and OWC Channel based on optical DP-QSK transceiver systems
Authors: Prabu Ramachandran Thandaiah , Balakrishnan Balamuralitharan , Praveena Hirald Dwaraka , Vijayan Thulasi Bai , Xavier Benisha Maria , Perumal Elayaraja , Zain Wafaa Fahim Hossam 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This study clarified the simulation of the high modulation effects on hybrid optical fiber links and OWC channel based on optical DP-QSK transceiver systems. The optimum lighted signal power band with the spectral wavelength after optical wireless communication channel is clarified. Total lighted form band power after optical fiber cable channel is studied. Total lighted form band power form after optical wireless communication channel is shown in numerical values. The total electrical band power form after optical DPSK receiver based optical fiber cable channel is demonstrated. Total base electrical band power form after optical DPSK receiver based optical wireless communication channel is clarified. Base band signal base form per noise base band form ratio is studied and numerical clarified after optical DPSK receiver against propagation length for both OFC and OWC channels. Total lighted base form power versus propagation length based both OFC and OWC channels is demonstrated. Optimum lighted form base power band form with time after optical fiber cable channel is studied. The max lighted form base power band form with time after optical wireless communication channel is simulated. Optimum lighted signal power band with the spectral wavelength after optical fiber cable channel is demonstrated. The total base electrical band form power after optical DPSK receiver is clarified numerically against propagation length for both OFC and OWC channels.
Effectiveness of osteopathic manipulative applications on hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis in youth with major depressive disorder: a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Pala Ömer O. , Çıtaker Seyit , Güney Esra , Sepici Aylin , Güveli Güner M. , Arslan Burak , Gürü Meltem 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Context
Osteopathic treatments regulate the neurovegetative system through joint mobilizations and manipulations, and myofascial and craniosacral techniques. Despite the growing body of research, the precise impact of osteopathic medicine on the autonomic nervous system (ANS) is not yet fully elucidated. As to Kuchera's techniques, the stimulation of the sympathetic trunk and prevertebral ganglia contributed to harmonization of the sympathetic activity. However, potential relationships between the harmonization of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis largely remain uncertain and warrant further exploration.

Objectives
This study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of the osteopathic sympathetic harmonization (OSH) on the SNS and the HPA axis in youth with major depressive disorder (MDD).

Methods
The study included 39 youths aged 15–21 years and diagnosed with MDD. The participants were randomly assigned into either the OSH or the placebo group. Stimulation was performed on the sympathetic truncus and prevertebral ganglia in the OSH group. The stimulation of the placebo group was performed with a lighter touch and a shorter duration in similar areas. Each participant completed the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the State and Trait Anxiety Inventory (SAI and TAI) before the application. Blood pressure (BP) and pulse measurements were made, and saliva samples were taken before, immediately after, and 20 min after application.

Results
The baseline BDI (p=0.617) and TAI (p=0.322) scores were similar in both groups. Although the SAI scores decreased in both groups postintervention, no statistically significant difference was found between the two groups. Subjects who received OSH had a decrease in α-amylase level (p=0.028) and an increase in cortisol level (p=0.009) 20 min after the procedure.

Conclusions
Following OSH application in depressed youth, SNS activity may decrease, whereas HPA axis activity may increase. Future studies may examine the therapeutic efficacy of repeated OSH applications in depressed individuals.
Investigation of Li–Be and B halides as blanket in future fusion molten salt reactor
Authors: Yıldız Ercan , Aksakal Hüsnü 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
FLIBE (LiF–BeF2) is both a nuclear reactor coolant and a solvent for fertile or fissile materials. FLIBE can also dissolve a variety of fissile and fertile materials such as uranium, thorium and plutonium and has the ability to serve as liquid fuel for molten salt reactors (MSRs). It’s very high thermal capacity and chemical stability are among its other valuable properties. In addition, the low atomic weights of lithium, beryllium and to a lesser extent fluorine make FLIBE an effective neutron moderator. In this study, cross-section values were determined by using various level density models (constant temperature + Fermi gas, back-shifted Fermi gas, generalized superfluid, microscopic level density models) for reactions of 19F(n, α)16N, 19F(n, p)19O, 35Cl(n, α)32P, 35Cl(n, p)35S and 79Br(n, α)76As, 79Br(n, p)79Se, 127I(n, α)124Sb, 127I(n, p)127Te using TALYS 1.95 code and these datas are compared with the values in the EXFOR database.
The cautionary tale of Peirce’s logical interpretant
Authors: Jappy Tony 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In 1904, Peirce described to Lady Welby a six-division typology composed of the sign, two objects, and a trio of interpretants for which he subsequently proposed numerous denominations. Of the three, the final interpretant was particularly problematic, and over the years Peirce experimented with at least eight different identifying terms such as “final,” “rational,” “normal,” “eventual,” etc. One group of interpretants is especially interesting as it only occurs in a single manuscript but has attracted considerable critical attention, namely the emotional, energetic, and logical interpretant series in a projected article of 1907. The paper examines the description of these, paying particular attention to the logical interpretant, and suggests how important aspects of the logic determining how Peirce defined them may have been neglected or ignored by researchers. It first shows how the group was presented, how the logical interpretant related to Peirce’s purpose in the article, how it related to a restricted conception of the dynamic object in the manuscript, and explains through an analysis of its logical complications why Peirce was led to abandon it. These considerations suggest that much of the critical attention that the logical interpretant in particular has generated might be incomplete or, more seriously, nonsense.
The crystal structure of 1,2,4-tris(bromomethyl)benzene, C9H9Br3
Authors: Jiang Da-Chun , Zhu Hai-Yuan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
C9H9Br3, monoclinic, P21 (no. 4), a = 8.7420(4) Å, b = 4.4696(2) Å, c = 13.3526(6) Å, β = 97.785(2)°, V = 516.92(4) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0235, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0528, T = 150 K.

CCDC no.: 2332847
Cyclodextrins-block copolymer drug delivery systems: From design and development to preclinical studies
Authors: Saitani Elmina-Marina , Selianitis Dimitrios , Pippa Natassa , Pispas Stergios , Valsami Georgia 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Cyclodextrin (CD)-block copolymer hybrid systems have recently received great attention from the pharmaceutical and materials research community because this combination can result in new biomaterials and supramolecular structures, which possess the physicochemical and thermotropic properties of both classes of materials. Different structures of CD-block copolymer systems have been described (i.e., micelles, vehicles, core-shell structures, nanospheres, and membranes) and they can encapsulate active pharmaceutical ingredients or other bioactive compounds. The aim of this review is to summarize several examples, the properties, the morphological and physicochemical characteristics, the added value, the techniques used for their preparation and characterization, as well as the limitations of CD-block copolymer systems. Taking into consideration the wide variety of block copolymers and CD materials and the expected beneficial characteristics/behavior following their complexation, we could suggest them as new-generation formulations in the upcoming years.
Artificial Intelligence’s Role in Digitally Preserving Historic Archives
Authors: Teel Zoë (Abbie) 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The term “Artificial Intelligence” (AI) is increasingly permeating public consciousness as it has gained more popularity in recent years, especially within the landscape of academia and libraries. AI in libraries has been a trending subject of interest for some time, as within the library there are numerous departments that serve a role in collectively contributing to the library’s mission. Consequently, it is imperative to consider AI’s influence on the digital preservation of historic documents. This paper delves into the historical evolution of preservation methods driven by technological advancements as, throughout history, libraries, archives, and museums have grappled with the challenge of preserving historical collections, while many of the traditional preservation methods are costly and involve a lot of manual (human) effort. AI being the catalyst for transformation could change this reality and perhaps redefine the process of preservation; thus, this paper explores the emerging trend of incorporating AI technology into preservation practices and provides predictions regarding the transformative role of Artificial Intelligence in preservation for the future. With that in mind, this paper addresses the following questions: could AI be what changes or creates a paradigm shift in how preservation is done?; and could it be the thing that will change the way history is safeguarded?
Influence of Growth, Maturation, and Sex on Maximal Power, Force, and Velocity During Overground Sprinting
Authors: Sudlow Anthony , Galantine Paul , Del Sordo Giovanna , Raymond Jean-Jacques , Dalleau Georges , Peyrot Nicolas , Duché Pascale 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Sudlow, A, Galantine, P, Del Sordo, G, Raymond, J-J, Dalleau, G, Peyrot, N, and Duché, P. Influence of growth, maturation, and sex on maximal power, force, and velocity during overground sprinting. J Strength Cond Res 38(3): 491–500, 2024—In pediatric populations maximal anaerobic power, force, and velocity capabilities are influenced by changes in body dimensions and muscle function. The aim of this study was to investigate the influences of growth, maturation, and sex on short-term anaerobic performance. One hundred forty children pre-, mid-, and postpeak height velocity performed two 30-m sprints concurrently measured using a radar device. Maximal power (P
max), force (F
0), and velocity (v
0) were calculated from sprint velocity-time data and normalized using sex-specific, multiplicative, allometric models containing body mass, fat-free mass (FFM), or height, and chronological age. Absolute values for P
max, F
0, and v
0 were higher with increasing maturity (p < 0.01; d ≥ 0.96), and boys had greater outputs than girls (p < 0.01; d ≥ 1.19). When P
max and v
0 were scaled all maturity-related and sex-related differences were removed. When F
0 was scaled using models excluding age, all maturity-related differences were removed except for the least mature group (p < 0.05; d ≥ 0.88) and boys maintained higher values than girls (p < 0.05; d ≥ 0.92). All maturity-related and sex-related differences were removed when F
0 was scaled using models including age. Maturity-related and sex-related variance in P
max and v
0 can be entirely explained when FFM, height, and chronological age are accounted for. Regarding F
0, there seems to be a threshold after which the inclusion of age is no longer necessary to account for maturity-related differences. In young prepubertal children, the inclusion of age likely accounts for deficits in neuromuscular capacities and motor skills, which body dimensions cannot account for. Practitioners should focus on eliciting neural adaptations and enhancing motor coordination in prepubertal children to improve anaerobic performance during overground sprinting.
Validity of Using the Load-Velocity Relationship to Estimate 1 Repetition Maximum in the Back Squat Exercise: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: LeMense Andrew T. , Malone Grant T. , Kinderman Michael A. , Fedewa Michael V. , Winchester Lee J. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
LeMense, AT, Malone, GT, Kinderman, MA, Fedewa, MV, and Winchester, LJ. Validity of using the load-velocity relationship to estimate 1 repetition maximum in the back squat exercise: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Strength Cond Res 38(3): 612–619, 2024—The one repetition maximum (1RM) test is commonly used to assess muscular strength. However, 1RM testing can be time consuming, physically taxing, and may be difficult to perform in athletics team settings with practice and competition schedules. Alternatively, 1RM can be estimated from bar or movement velocity at submaximal loads using the minimum velocity threshold (MVT) method based on the load-velocity relationship. Despite its potential utility, this method's validity has yielded inconsistent results. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the validity of estimated 1RM from bar velocity in the back squat exercise. A systematic search of 3 electronic databases was conducted using combinations of the following keywords: “velocity-based training,” “load-velocity profiling,” “mean velocity,” “mean propulsive velocity,” “peak velocity,” “maximal strength,” “1RM,” “estimation,” “prediction,” “back squat,” and “regression.” The search identified 372 unique articles, with 4 studies included in the final analysis. Significance was defined as a p level less than 0.05. A total of 27 effects from 71 subjects between the ages of 17–25 years were analyzed; 85.2% of effects were obtained from male subjects. Measured 1RMs ranged from 86.5 to 153.1 kg, whereas estimated 1RMs ranged from 88.6 to 171.6 kg. Using a 3-level random effects model, 1RM back squat was overestimated when derived from bar velocity using the MVT method (effect sizes [ES] = 0.5304, 95% CI: 0.1878–0.8730, p = 0.0038). The MVT method is not a viable option for estimating 1RM in the free weight back squat. Strength and conditioning professionals should exercise caution when estimating 1RM from the load-velocity relationship.
FSH-producing pituitary neuroendocrine tumor as a cause of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
Authors: Kitamura Takuya , Nanba Kazutaka , Doi Kento , Kishimoto Naoya , Abiko Kaoru , Kuwahara Ryo , Moriyoshi Koki , Inoshita Naoko , Tagami Tetsuya 
Published: February 2024

Summary
Functioning gonadotroph tumors are rare neoplasms that can cause ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) in women of reproductive age. Here, we present a case of a follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)-producing pituitary neuroendocrine tumor (PitNET) with irregular menstrual cycles and OHSS in a Japanese woman. A 34-year-old woman with bilateral multi-cystic ovarian mass was referred to our hospital for ovarian surgery. The imaging feature of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the ovary and elevated estradiol levels with normal FSH and low luteinizing hormone (LH) levels led us to suspect the presence of a functioning gonadotroph PitNET. MRI revealed a 19-mm pituitary tumor, and increased tracer uptake was observed in the pituitary lesion on 111In-pentetreotide scintigraphy. Transsphenoidal tumor resection resulted in the resolution of the ovarian enlargement, normalization of her menstrual cycles, and spontaneous pregnancy. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) of the resected tumor for pituitary transcription factors, including steroidogenesis factor 1 (SF1) and estrogen receptor alpha, demonstrated positive immunoreactivity, whereas IHC for pituitary-specific positive transcription factor 1 was negative, suggesting that the tumor belonged to the SF1 lineage of PitNETs (gonadotroph tumor). The tumor cells showed positive expression of FSHβ, while LHβ was mostly negative. Consistent with the high pituitary tumor uptake observed on 111In-pentetreotide scintigraphy, the pituitary tumor showed positive expression of somatostatin receptor 2A. Detailed clinical and histological evaluations will provide useful information to understand these rare functioning gonadotroph tumors better.

Learning points

Functioning gonadotroph tumors are very rare neuroendocrine tumors of pituitary origin.

Women of reproductive age presenting with bilateral multi-cystic ovarian enlargement, irregular menstrual cycles, and hyperestrogenemia under unsuppressed follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels should be evaluated for FSH-producing tumor.

Raising awareness of OHSS due to functioning gonadotroph tumors is crucial to prevent unnecessary ovarian surgery.

Comprehensive histological analysis may provide useful information to better understand the characteristics of functioning gonadotroph tumors.