bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Nicholas Approach to Natural Product Hybrids
Authors: Álvaro Elsa , de la Torre María C. , Sierra Miguel A. 
Published: June 2006

AbstractThe intermolecular Nicholas reaction of terpene‐based scaffolds is an excellent access to natural product hybrid compounds. These intermolecular reactions have a low selectivity and are scarcely efficient for non‐conjugated cations, but they are highly efficient to produce new terpene structures through an intramolecular reaction pathway. The use of cations derived from natural product derived [Co2(CO)6]–enyne complexes is, in contrast, a highly efficient regio‐ and stereoselective procedure to prepare very complex structures, incorporating diverse densely functionalized or labile moieties. Thus, β‐pinene–diterpene–alkaloid or homohybrids can be accessed in totally stereo‐, regio‐ and siteselective fashion. This approach efficiently discriminates between different propargylic positions by selecting the nature of the alcohol, being the enyne‐derived cations the most reactive. The chimera 38 with a steroid–terpene–indole skeleton was prepared in this way.
Routine immunophenotyping in acute leukemia: Role in lineage assignment and reassignment
Authors: Qadir Misbah , Barcos Maurice , Stewart Carleton C. , Sait Sheila N. J. , Ford Laurie A. , Baer Maria R. 
Published: June 2006

AbstractDiagnostic evaluation of acute leukemia at Roswell Park Cancer Institute has routinely included immunophenotyping by multiparameter flow cytometry. In a retrospective analysis of 646 cases, morphology and cytochemistry established lineage in 612, but not in 34 (5%), of which 26, 5, and 3 were myeloid, undifferentiated, and lymphoid, respectively, based on immunophenotyping. In addition, immunophenotyping changed the lineage assigned based on morphology and cytochemistry in 11 cases (2%); 8 changed from lymphoid to myeloid, and 3 from myeloid to lymphoid. The data support routine inclusion of at least limited immunophenotyping in the diagnostic evaluation of acute leukemia. © 2006 International Society for Analytical Cytology
Expression profiling of the mouse early embryo: Reflections and perspectives
Authors: Ko Minoru S.H. 
Published: June 2006

AbstractThe laboratory mouse model plays important roles in our understanding of early mammalian development and provides an invaluable model for human early embryos, which are difficult to study for ethical and technical reasons. A comprehensive collection of cDNA clones, their sequences, and complete genome sequence information, which have been accumulated over the past two decades, reveal even further the value of the mouse models. Here, the progress in global gene expression profiling in early mouse embryos and, to some extent, stem cells is reviewed and future directions and challenges are discussed. The discussions include the restatement of global gene expression profiles as a snapshot of cellular status, and subsequent distinction between the differentiation state and physiological state of the cells. The discussions then extend to the biological problems that can be addressed only through global expression profiling, including a bird's‐eye view of global gene expression changes, molecular index for developmental potency, cell lineage trajectory, microarray‐guided cell manipulation, and the possibility of delineating gene regulatory cascades and networks. Developmental Dynamics 235:2437–2448, 2006. Published 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hydrophosphanation of Phenolic Aldehydes as Facile Synthetic Approach to Catechol‐Functionalized Phosphane Oxides and Phosphanes
Authors: Chikkali Samir , Gudat Dietrich 
Published: June 2006

AbstractReactions of diphenylphosphane with mono‐ and dihydroxybenzaldehydes yield as initial products α‐phosphanyl‐carbinols that exist according to NMR studies in dynamic equilibrium with the starting materials in solution but are stable in the solid state. The facile rearrangement of the initial products yields isomeric phosphane oxides which react with MeI and excess LiAlH4 via deoxygenation to give the corresponding phosphanes. Phosphane oxides and phosphanes were isolated and characterized by analytical and spectroscopic data. The reactions described represent an improved synthesis for phosphanes with phenol and catechol functionalities that are useful for applications as ligands or supramolecular building blocks.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
Generation and Rearrangements of Thioacetaldehyde S‐Sulfide (Methylthiosulfine) and Thioacetone S‐Sulfide (Dimethylthiosulfine)
Authors: Maier Günther , Reisenauer Hans Peter , Romański Jaroslaw , Petzold Holm , Mlostoń Grzegorz 
Published: June 2006

AbstractMatrix isolation spectroscopy allows the direct identification of ylides 1b and 1c. They are generated by flash vacuum pyrolysis of the 1,2,4‐trithiolanes 3b and 3c. Photochemical activation of the thiosulfines 1b and 1c initiates ring closure to the corresponding dithiiranes 2b and 3b. The presence of a methyl group in thiosulfines 1b and 1c opens a new reaction channel for their thermal transformation, namely a [1,4]‐H shift with formation of vinyldisulfanes 5. The results of the matrix studies are supported by preparative runs, in which the products of the pyrolyses were trapped at higher temperatures and their spectra measured in solution under standard conditions. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
Variability in the collective behaviour of England fans at Euro2004: ‘Hooliganism’, public order policing and social change
Authors: Stott Clifford , Adang Otto , Livingstone Andrew , Schreiber Martina 
Published: June 2006

AbstractThis paper presents an analysis of collective behaviour among England football fans attending the European football championships in Portugal (Euro2004). Given this category's violent reputation, a key goal was to explore the processes underlying their apparent shift away from conflict in match cities. Drawing from the elaborated social identity model of crowd behaviour (ESIM) data were obtained using semi‐structured observations and interviews before, during and after the tournament. Qualitative analysis centres first on three key incidents in match cities where the potential for violence was undermined either by ‘self‐policing’ among England fans, or by appropriately targeted police intervention. These are contrasted with two ‘riots’ involving England fans that occurred in Algarve during the tournament. A phenomenological analysis of England fans' accounts suggests that the contexts created by different forms of policing helped bring to the fore different understandings of what constituted proper and possible behaviour among England fans, and that these changes in identity content underpinned shifts toward and away from collective conflict. The implications of this analysis for the ESIM, understanding public order policing, social change and social conflict are discussed. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Differential mitochondrial protein expression profiling in neurodegenerative diseases
Authors: Gillardon Frank 
Published: June 2006

AbstractAlterations in mitochondrial structure or function have been described in a variety of human diseases for nearly half a century. The complete sequence of the human mitochondrial genome has been published in 1981. The mitochondrial proteome database however, is still incomplete. Here I give a short review on recent advances to determine the complete set of mitochondrial proteins. The main emphasis is put on gel‐based proteomic approaches to identify differentially expressed mitochondrial proteins in neurodegenerative diseases.
Phospho‐proteomic analysis of cellular signaling
Authors: de Graauw Marjo , Hensbergen Paul , van de Water Bob 
Published: June 2006

AbstractReversible protein phosphorylation plays an important role in the regulation of many different processes, such as cell growth, differentiation, migration, metabolism, and apoptosis. Identification of differentially phosphorylated proteins by means of phospho‐proteomic analysis provides insight into signal transduction pathways that are activated in response to, for example, growth factor stimulation or toxicant‐induced apoptosis. This review summarizes recent advances made in the field of phospho‐proteomics and provides examples of how phospho‐proteomic techniques can be combined to quantitatively investigate the dynamic changes in protein phosphorylation in time. By linking experimental data to clinical data (e.g., disease progression or response to therapy) new disease markers could be identified, which could then be validated for applications in disease diagnosis and progression or prediction of a response to drugs.
Use of magnetic beads with immobilized monoclonal antibodies for isolation of highly pure plasma membranes
Authors: Lawson Erika L. , Clifton James G. , Huang Feilei , Li Xuesong , Hixson Douglas C. , Josic Djuro 
Published: June 2006

AbstractIn plasma membrane proteome research, contamination of the isolated plasma membrane fraction with proteins from other organelles is still a problem. Even if highly specific isolation methods are used, such as density gradient centrifugation combined with selective extraction, contaminating proteins cannot be completely removed. To solve this problem, a protocol for the isolation of highly pure plasma membrane fractions from rat liver and two different hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines was developed. Magnetic beads with immobilized mAb's against highly expressed membrane proteins were used for specific binding of membrane vesicles and their separation from other organelles. Isolated plasma membranes were further selectively solubilized with different reagents and analyzed by use of different methods, such as Western blotting, 1‐ and 2‐DE, and MS. Purification and further selective solubilization was validated by use of mAb's against the marker integral plasma membrane protein carcinoembryonic antigen cell adhesion molecule 1, and identification of isolated proteins by MS. The method presented here minimizes contamination with other organelles and enables further identification of membrane proteins.
Transforming omics data into context: Bioinformatics on genomics and proteomics raw data
Authors: Perco Paul , Rapberger Ronald , Siehs Christian , Lukas Arno , Oberbauer Rainer , Mayer Gert , Mayer Bernd 
Published: June 2006

AbstractDifferential gene expression analysis and proteomics have exerted significant impact on the elucidation of concerted cellular processes, as simultaneous measurement of hundreds to thousands of individual objects on the level of RNA and protein ensembles became technically feasible. The availability of such data sets has promised a profound understanding of phenomena on an aggregate level, expressed as the phenotypic response (observables) of cells, e.g., in the presence of drugs, or characterization of cells and tissue displaying distinct patho‐physiological states. However, the step of transforming these data into context, i.e., linking distinct expression or abundance patterns with phenotypic observables – and furthermore enabling a sound biological interpretation on the level of reaction networks and concerted pathways, is still a major shortcoming. This finding is certainly based on the enormous complexity embedded in cellular reaction networks, but a variety of computational approaches have been developed over the last few years to overcome these issues. This review provides an overview on computational procedures for analysis of genomic and proteomic data introducing a sequential analysis workflow: Explorative statistics for deriving a first, from the purely statistical viewpoint, relevant candidate gene/protein list, followed by co‐regulation and network analysis to biologically expand this core list toward functional networks and pathways. The review on these procedures is complemented by example applications tailored at identification of disease‐associated proteins. Optimization of computational procedures involved, in conjunction with the continuous increase in additional biological data, clearly has the potential of boosting our understanding of processes on a cell‐wide level.
Structural break threshold VARs for predicting US recessions using the spread
Authors: Galvão Ana Beatriz C. 
Published: June 2006

AbstractThis paper proposes a model to predict recessions that accounts for non‐linearity and a structural break when the spread between long‐ and short‐term interest rates is the leading indicator. Estimation and model selection procedures allow us to estimate and identify time‐varying non‐linearity in a VAR. The structural break threshold VAR (SBTVAR) predicts better the timing of recessions than models with constant threshold or with only a break. Using real‐time data, the SBTVAR with spread as leading indicator is able to anticipate correctly the timing of the 2001 recession. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Heparin‐like synthetic polymers, named RGTAs, mimic biological effects of heparin in vitro
Authors: Rouet Vincent , Meddahi‐Pellé Anne , Miao Hua‐Quan , Vlodavsky Israel , Caruelle Jean‐Pierre , Barritault Denis 
Published: June 2006

AbstractA family of biopolymers engineered to protect and stabilize heparin binding growth factors (HBGFs) show remarkable properties as wound healing agents in several in vivo tissue repair models to the extend that damaged tissues would recover almost its initial aspect and properties. These polymers where named RGTA for regenerating agents and proposed to act in vivo by enhancing the bioavailability of HBGFs at the site of the injury. To provide support for this hypothesis, we studied interaction of RGTA with FGF‐2, taken as the paradigm of HBGFs, and its high‐ and low‐affinity receptors as well as its ability to inhibit heparanase activity. We show that RGTA is comparable to heparin as it favors FGF‐2 binding to FGFR‐1 and FGF‐2 dimerization and potentiates FGF‐2‐induced mitogenic activity. Furthermore, we show that RGTA inhibits the release of FGF‐2 from its extracellular matrix storage sites by heparanase. Our data provide new evidence to support that RGTA may act in vivo both by enhancing HBGF activity and preserving HBGF availability by protecting the matrix low affinity heparan sulfates from rapid heparanase degradation. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2006
Ribosomal protein L10 interacts with the SH3 domain and regulates GDNF‐induced neurite growth in SH‐SY‐5y cells
Authors: Park Seyeon , Jeong Doc‐Gyun 
Published: June 2006

AbstractThe 24.5 kDa ribosomal protein L10 (RP‐L10), which was encoded by QM gene, was known to interact with the SH3 domain of Yes kinase. Herein, we demonstrate that RP‐L10 interacts with the SH3 domain of Src and activates the binding of the Nck1 adaptor protein with skeletal proteins such as the Wiskott‐Aldrich Syndrome Protein (WASP) and WASP interacting protein (WIP) in neuroblastoma cell line, SH‐SY‐5y. The RP‐L10 was associated with the SH3 domains of Src and Yes. It is shown that two different regions of RP‐L10 are associated with the Src‐SH3. The effect of ectopic RP‐L10 expression on neuronal cell scaffolding was explored in cells transiently transfected with QM. SH‐SY‐5y human neuroblastoma cells transfected with QM were considerably more susceptible to neurite outgrowth induced by glial cell line‐derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF). However, RP‐L10 did not directly interact with actin assembly. Taken together, these results suggest that the RP‐L10 may positively regulate the GDNF/Ret‐mediated signaling of neurite outgrowth in the neuroblastoma cell line, SH‐SY‐5y. J. Cell. Biochem. 99: 624–634, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Modified HMG‐CoA reductase and LDLr regulation is deeply involved in age‐related hypercholesterolemia
Authors: Pallottini Valentina , Martini Chiara , Cavallini Gabriella , Donati Alessio , Bergamini Ettore , Notarnicola Maria , Caruso Maria Gabriella , Trentalance Anna 
Published: June 2006

AbstractDuring the ageing process in rats hypercholesterolemia occurs in concert with full activation, lowered degradation rate and an unchanged level of the rate limiting cholesterol biosynthesis enzyme, 3‐hydroxy‐3‐methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMG‐CoAR). The molecular bases of the HMG‐CoAR unchanged level and lowered degradation rate in aged rats is not clear. In fact no data are available during ageing, on transcription and degradation of HMG‐CoAR, so well defined in adult animal. So, aim of this work was to measure mRNA levels of the enzyme and the level of the proteins of the regulatory complex responsible of the cholesterol metabolism. To complete the picture, the level of sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs), SREBP cleavage activating protein, and insulin‐induced gene has been measured. The levels of other related proteins, whose transcription is SREBP dependent, that is low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLr) and Caveolin 1, have been also measured. The age‐related reduced Insigs levels, joined to a reduced insulin sensitivity, could explain the decreased degradation rate of the HMG‐CoAR and the increased active SREBP‐2. The SREBP‐2 in particular seems to be committed in multiple way to gene transcription. The obtained data represent a good contribution to explain the age‐related hypercholesterolemia. J. Cell. Biochem. 98: 1044–1053, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Antitumor efficacy of DNA vaccination to the epigenetically acting tumor promoting transcription factor BORIS and CD80 molecular adjuvant
Authors: Loukinov Dmitri , Ghochikyan Anahit , Mkrtichyan Mikayel , Ichim Thomas E. , Lobanenkov Victor V. , Cribbs David H. , Agadjanyan Michael G. 
Published: June 2006

AbstractCancer testis (CT) antigens are promising candidates for tumor vaccines due to their immunogenicity and tissue‐restricted expression. Recently, we identified a novel cancer testis gene, BORIS, whose expression is restricted to male testis after puberty and is strictly absent in non‐malignant female tissue. BORIS encodes a DNA‐binding protein that shares 11 zing finger (ZF) with transcription factor CTCF and differs at the N‐ and C‐termini. CTCF has been implicated in epigenetic regulation of imprinting, X chromosome inactivation, repression, and activation of cancer testis antigens. BORIS expression has been documented in cancers of diverse histological origin, including, but not limited to breast, prostate, ovary, gastric, liver, endometrial, glia, colon, and esophagus. Interestingly, BORIS induces demethylation and subsequent expression of many cancer‐testis genes, including MAGE‐A1 and NY‐ESO‐1, indicating that it is expressed very early in malignancy and might be an attractive candidate for immunotherapy. In this study we tested BORIS as a vaccine in a very aggressive, highly metastatic, and poorly immunogenic murine model of mammary carcinoma. Immunizations with a DNA encoding the mutant form of murine BORIS antigen (pmBORIS lacking DNA‐binding function) significantly prolonged survival, and inhibited tumor growth in BALB/c mice inoculated with 4T1 cells. Priming with pmBORIS mixed with molecular adjuvant and boosting with adenoviral vector expressing mBORIS was generally more effective, suggesting that the vaccination protocol could be further optimized. This is the first report demonstrating the feasibility of vaccination with a cancer associated epigenetic regulator for the induction of tumor inhibition. J. Cell. Biochem. 98: 1037–1043, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Nuclear estrogen receptor targeted photodynamic therapy: Selective uptake and killing of MCF‐7 breast cancer cells by a C17α‐alkynylestradiol‐porphyrin conjugate
Authors: Swamy Narasimha , Purohit Ajay , Fernandez‐Gacio Ana , Jones Graham B. , Ray Rahul 
Published: June 2006

AbstractWe hypothesized that over‐expression of estrogen receptor (ER) in hormone‐sensitive breast cancer could be harnessed synergistically with the tumor‐migrating effect of porphyrins to selectively deliver estrogen‐porphyrin conjugates into breast tumor cells, and preferentially kill the tumor cells upon exposure to red light. In the present work we synthesized four (4) conjugates of C17‐α‐alkynylestradiol and chlorin e6‐dimethyl ester with varying tether lengths, and showed that all these conjugates specifically bound to recombinant ERα. In a cellular uptake assay with ER‐positive MCF‐7 and ER‐negative MDA‐MB 231 human breast cancer cell‐lines, we observed that one such conjugate (E17‐POR, XIV) was selectively taken up in a dose‐dependent and saturable manner by MCF‐7 cells, but not by MDA‐MB 231 cells. Furthermore, MCF‐7 cells, but not MDA‐MB 231 cells, were selectively and efficiently killed by exposure to red light after incubation with E17‐POR. Therefore, the combination approach, including drug‐ and process modalities has the potential to be applied clinically for hormone‐sensitive cancers in organs where ER is significantly expressed. This could potentially be carried out either as monotherapy involving a photo‐induced selective destruction of tumor cells and/or adjuvant therapy in post‐surgical treatment for the destruction of residual cancer cells in tissues surrounding the tumor. J. Cell. Biochem. 99: 966–977, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Phenol red reduces ROSC mediated cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human MCF‐7 cells
Authors: Węsierska‐Gądek Józefa , Schreiner Tanja , Gueorguieva Marieta , Ranftler Carmen 
Published: June 2006

AbstractWe reported recently that roscovitine (ROSC), a selective cyclin‐dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor, arrested human MCF‐7 breast cancer cells in G2phase of the cell cycle and concomitantly induced apoptosis. On the other hand, ROSC‐induced G1arrest observed by another group has not been accompanied by apoptosis. Therefore, we decided to prove to which extent components of tissue culture media could affect the primary action of ROSC. For this purpose we compared the efficacy of the ROSC treatment on MCF‐7 cells cultivated in medium with and without phenol red. The kinetics of MCF‐7 cell proliferation strongly depended on the presence of phenol red that has been recognized previously as a weak estrogen. Exposure of MCF‐7 cells cultivated in phenol red‐deprived medium to ROSC resulted in a strong G2arrest and apoptosis. However, the anti‐proliferative and pro‐apoptotic action of ROSC was strongly diminished in cells maintained in medium containing phenol red. The ratio of the G2cell population after 12 h ROSC was reduced by approximately 20% in the latter and correlated with the lack of CDK2 inactivation. Moreover, the kinetics of ROSC‐induced apoptosis was delayed in the presence of phenol red. These results clearly evidence that the efficacy of the therapy of ER‐positive breast cancers by CDK inhibitors is diminished in the presence of estrogen‐mimicking compounds and indicate that phytoestrogens and xenoestrogens could interfere with the therapy. Therefore, the exposure of cancer patients to the estrogen mimics should be avoided at least during chemotherapy by CDK inhibitors. J. Cell. Biochem. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.