bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes in brain biogenic amines and haem biosynthesis and their response to combined administration of succimers and Centella asiatica in lead poisoned rats
Authors: Saxena Geetu , Flora S J S 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the therapeutic potential of meso 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) and one of its monoesters, monoisoamyl DMSA (MiADMSA), individually or when administered in combination with an extract of Centella asiatica against experimental lead intoxication in rats. Biochemical variables indicative of alterations in the central nervous system and haem biosynthesis were investigated to determine the toxicity in male Wistar rats. Thirty five rats were exposed to 0.2% lead acetate for 10 weeks, followed by 10 days of treatment with DMSA and MiADMSA (50 mg kg−1, i.p., once daily) alone and in combination with C. asiatica (200 mg kg−1, p.o., once daily). Biochemical variables indicative of oxidative stress and brain biogenic amines, along with lead concentration in blood and brain, were measured. Lead exposure caused a significant depletion of blood and brain δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) activity, an important enzyme of the haem biosynthesis pathway, and glutathione (GSH) level. These changes were accompanied by a marked increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), δ-aminolevulinic acid synthase (ALAS) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) activity in blood and brain. Significant depletion of brain noradrenaline (norepinephrine, NE), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), dopamine (DA) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) also were observed following lead exposure. Also seen was a significant depletion in brain glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and monoamine oxidase activity, as well as blood and brain superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. These biochemical changes were correlated with an increased uptake of lead in blood and brain. Combined administration of MiADMSA and C. asiatica was most effective in reducing these alterations, including biogenic amines, besides reducing body lead burden, compared with individual treatment with MiADMSA. Certain other biochemical variables responded favourably to combination therapy and monotherapy with MiADMSA. Thus, supplementation of C. asiatica during chelation could be recommended for achieving optimum effects of chelation therapy.
Antioxidant properties of propargylamine derivatives: assessment of their ability to scavenge peroxynitrite
Authors: Dragoni Stefania , Porcari Valentina , Valoti Massimo , Travagli Massimo , Castagnolo Daniele 
Published: March 2006

AbstractA series of arylpropargylamines, variously substituted in the hydrogen in p-position and in the propargyl moiety, were studied as potential peroxynitrite scavengers. The scavenging activity of these compounds was evaluated through peroxynitrite (ONOO−)-mediated oxidation of dichlorofluorescin and linoleic acid by measuring the dichlorofluorescein formation and oxygen consumption, respectively. Among tested compounds, only 1-phenylpropargylamine (AP3) promoted concentration-dependent inhibition of ONOO−-induced dichlorofluorescin and linoleic acid oxidation with IC50 values of 637 and 63 μm, respectively. The AP3 spectral changes in UV-visible absorbance properties in the presence of peroxynitrite suggested the formation of a new compound. This was identified by gas-chromatograph-mass spectrometer analysis as phenylpropargyl alcohol. Structure—activity relationship analysis indicated that the scavenging activity of AP3 was due to the aminopropargyl moiety and availability of the nitrogen electron pair. This data suggested that AP3 could be considered a lead compound for the synthesis of new ONOO− scavenger derivatives.
An Efficient Synthesis of Unsymmetrical Sulfides from Organic Disulfides and Aromatic Compounds
Authors: Mukaiyama Teruaki , Suzuki Kaoru 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
In the presence of an active acidic catalyst generated from SbCl5 and AgSbF6, the sulfenylation reaction of aromatic compounds with organic disulfides smoothly proceeds in refluxing 1,2-dichloroethane to afford the corresponding unsymmetrical sulfides in high yields.
Solvent Effects on an Enzymatic Ester Synthesis in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide
Authors: Ikushima Yutaka , Saito Norio , Yokoyama Toshirou , Hatakeda Kiyotaka , Ito Shota , Arai Masahiko , Blanch Harvey W 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The ester synthesis from oleic acid and (±)-citronellol by lipase was carried out in supercritical carbon dioxide(SC-CO2). In the near-critical region, the rate of reaction was considerably enhanced and (S)-(−)-oleic acid 3,7-dimethyl-6-octenyl ester was stereoselectively formed. The results were discussed with taking account of solvent properties of SC-CO2 and aggregation phenomenon about reacting species at high pressures.
Porphyrin Synthesis in Clay Nanospaces
Authors: Onaka Makoto , Shinoda Tomotaka , Izumi Yusuke , Nolen Ernest 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
meso-Tetraalkylporphyrins were synthesized in good yields from aliphatic aldehydes and pyrrole by using the clay, montmorillonite K10. The nanometer size porous structures of K10 provide suitable reaction media for polymerization-cyclization condensations of aldehyde and pyrrole.
Generation of a Cation Radical from 2-Pivaloyl-1-tributylstannyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoqumoline and the Reaction with Carbon Nucleophiles
Authors: Narasaka Koichi , Kohno Yasushi , Shimada Satoru 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Oxidation of 2-pivaloyl-1-tributylstannyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline with metallic oxidants generates a reactive species such as the hydroisoquinolin-1-yl cation by eliminating the stannyl group. This intermediate reacts with various carbon nucleophiles to give the corresponding addition products.
Rose-Bengal-Sensitized Photooxidation of Quadricyclane. A [2σ+2σ+2π] Cycloaddition of Singlet Oxygen
Authors: Hatsui Toshihide , Takeshita Hitoshi 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Quadricyclane was photooxygenated with singlet oxygen generated under Rose-Bengal-sensitized conditions to a dioxetane, which in turn gave 2-cyclopentene-1,4-dicarbaldehyde and 5-norbornene-cis-2,3-exo-diol. For the mechanism to form the dioxetane, an involvement of a [2σ+2σ+2π] electrocyclic process is proposed.
A Novel and Very Active “Vanadium-based” Metathesis Catalyst. The Metathesis of Alkenes over SnMe4-V2O5/Al2O3
Authors: Ahn Ho-Geun , Yamamoto Kei , Nakamura Ryuichi , Niiyama Hiroo 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The first successful vanadium-based catalyst system for olefin metathesis was found as SnMe4-V2O5/Al2O3, which was prepared by depositing SnMe4 on V2O5/Al2O3 preheated at high temperatures. The catalytic activity of the new system greatly depended on the loading of SnMe4 and also on the composition and pretreatment temperature of V2O5/Al2O3.
Evidence for Parallel Photoinduced Electron Transfer in Diqumone Substituted Porphyrins
Authors: Borovkov Victor V , Ishida Akito , Takamuku Setsuo , Sakata Yoshiteru 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Fluorescence spectra and decay kinetics of diqumone substituted porphynns were examined in a comparison with those of monoquinone substituted porphynns. Fluorescence quenching of the diquinone molecules is larger than that of the monoquinones and the electron-transfer rate constants of the diquinones are larger than those of the monoquinones by a factor of two regardless of the rigidity of the spacer groups indicating the existence of the parallel electron-transfer mechanism in diquinones.
Electrochemical Properties of Copper Proteins, Pseudoazurin and Nitrite Reductase from Achromobacter cycloclastes IAM 1013
Authors: Kohzuma Takamitsu , Takase Seiji , Shidara Sohsuke , Suzuki Shinnichiro 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Voltammetric response of Achromobacter pseudoazurin at a bis(4-pyridyl)disulfide modified gold electrode shows the quasi-reversible electron transfer process, and the current due to catalytic intermolecular electron transfer reaction between Achromobacter pseudoazurin and nitrite reductase was observed in the presence of excess nitrite as the substrate.
Substituent Effects on Redox Potentials of Novel Amphoteric Terphenoquinone Analogues. Unsymmetrically Substituted 2,5-Bis(4-oxo-2,5-cyclohexadien-1-ylidene)-2,5-dihydrothiophenes
Authors: Takahashi Kazuko , Sakai Takashi 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The unsymmetrically substituted derivatives of the title heterocycle-extended quinone have been synthesized and the substituents effects on their electrochemical properties have been investigated. The first reduction potentials and the first oxidation potentials correlate well with the Hammett Σσp and Σσp+ constants of the substituents, respectively.
Deprotection of Acetals and Silyl Ethers by DDQ. Is DDQ a Neutral Catalyst?
Authors: Oku Akira , Kinugasa Motoharu , Kamada Tohru 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
2,3-Dichloro-5,6-dicyano-p-benzoquinone (DDQ) in wet ethyl acetate at room temperature catalytically hydrolyzed acyclic acetals effectively and selectively among ethereal functional groups such as dioxoranes, 1,3-dioxanes, oxiranes, TMS- and TBDMS ethers. The mechanism is discussed on the basis of the function of DDQ as a Lewis acid in a wet solvent.
Stereoselective Synthesis of 1,2-cis-N-Glycosides by the N-Bromosuccinimide Promoted Reaction of Thioglycosides with Silylated Pyrimidme Bases
Authors: Sugimura Hideyuki , Muramoto Ikuyo , Nakamura Tadashi , Osumi Kenji 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The coupling of O-benzylated 1-thioglycosides, derived from d-glucose, d-mannose, d-ribose, d-xylose, and d-arabinose, with silylated pyrimidme bases by activation with N-bromosuccinimide uniformly afforded the corresponding 1,2-cis-N-glycosides with good selectivity.
Chemisorbed Species of Alkyl Benzoates on Alumina Surface Studied by Inelastic Electron Tunneling Spectroscopy
Authors: Kamata Satsuo , Higo Morihide , Hida Atsushi 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Vibrational spectra of alkyl benzoates dissociatively adsorbed on the alumina surfaces have been measured by inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy. The analyses of the spectra indicate that ethyl and tert-butyl benzoates are adsorbed as ethoxide or benzoate ions, respectively, by the acid-catalyzed reaction on alumina surfaces.
Photochemical Reaction of Allyl-1,4-benzoquinones. Trapping of Biradical Intermediates with Olefins
Authors: Iwamoto Hidetoshi , Takuwa Akio 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Irradiation of 2-allyl- and 2-(2-methylallyl)-5-methyl-1,4-benzoquinones in the presence of olefins gave tricyclic compounds in fair yields, which were the coupling products between the olefins and the biradical intermediate generated by the intramolecular photocyclization reaction of the quinone.
The Simplest Structure of the Hydrogen-Bonded Mesogen Built from 4-Alkoxybenzoic Acid and 4-Alkylpyridine
Authors: Fukumasa Mitsuo , Kato Takashi , Uryu Toshiyuki , Fréchet Jean M J 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Newly designed hydrogen-bonded liquid crystals having the simplest mesogenic structure have been obtained by self-assembly of 4-alkoxybenzoic acid and 4-alkylpyridine. The complexes show nematic phases near room temperature. The nematic phase is broadened by mixing of several complexes within a homologous series.
Mixed Chromium(III)-Ruthenium(III) Trinuclear Complex, [CrRu2(μ3-O)(μ-CH3COO)6(pyridine)3]+
Authors: Sasaki Yoichi , Yoshida Yukihiro , Ohto Akihiro , Tokiwa Ayako , Ito Tasuku , Kobayashi Hanako , Uryû Norikiyo , Mogi Iwao 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
A mixed Cr-Ru trinuclear complex [CrRu2(μ3-O)(μ-CH3COO)6(py)3]+ has been prepared, which is the first example of mixing two metal ions of both different rows and groups into the trinuclear unit. Its magnetic and redox behavior indicate that d3 Cr(III) ion acts as if isolated ion, and that two d5 Ru(III) ions are effectively coupled while the Cr-Ru interaction is less significant as compared with the Ru-Ru one.
Electrocatalytic Oxidative Coupling Reaction of Naphthols and Naphthol Ethers on a TEMPO Modified Graphite Felt Electrode
Authors: Kashiwagi Yoshitomo , Ono Hiroaki , Osa Tetsuo 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
2-Naphthol and 2-methoxynaphthalene were quantitatively oxidized to the corresponding 1,1′-binaphthyls in more than 90% current efficiency on a graphite felt electrode coated with a thin poly(acrylic acid) layer immobilizing 4-amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl-1-oxyl (4-amino-TEMPO). 1-Naphthol and 1-methoxynaphthalene were also completely converted to the predicted 1,1′-, 1,2′-, and 2,2′- positioned coupling products. The reaction proceeds via electrocatalytic oxidation of the modified-TEMPO species. The electrode was not inactivated during electrolysis and could be used repeatedly.
Uptake of Carbon Monoxide by a Sulfur-Bridged Molybdenum-Nickel Cluster. Synthesis and Structure of [Mo3NiS4(CO)(H2O)9]4+
Authors: Shibahara Takashi , Mochida Shin’ichi , Sakane Genta 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The molybdenum-nickel cubane-type cluster [Mo3NiS4(H2O)10]4+ uptakes carbon monoxide in dilute HCl to give a new cluster [Mo3NiS4(CO)(H2O)9]4+. The X-ray structure analysis verified that the nickel atom has a tetrahedral configuration surrounded by one CO and three S’s neglecting three Ni-Mo bonds.
Novel Stereoselective Preparation and Conformational Analysis of Furanose-Type Phosphono Sugar C-Glycosides
Authors: Yabui Akihiro , Yamashita Mitsuji , Oshikawa Tatsuo , Hanaya Tadashi , Yamamoto Hiroshi 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Treatment of 1-alkoxy-3-phospholene 1-oxide with lithium diisopropylamide followed by novel stereoselective C-alkylation with alkyl halides afforded 2-alkyl-and 2-benzyloxymethyl-3-phospholene 1-oxides, which were subjected to osmium (VIII) oxide-catalyzed diastereoselective cis-dihydroxylation to give new C-glycoside derivatives of Furanose-type phosphono sugars, with twist conformation.
Reformatsky Type Reaction Promoted by Hexabutyldistannane
Authors: Shibata Ikuya , Yamaguchi Takashi , Baba Akio , Matsuda Haruo 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Bu3SnSnBu3 proved to be effective reagent for Reformatsky reaction. The use of Bu2SnI2 as an additive was essential, which proved to be effective for generation of organotin (IV) enolates. From the reaction with aldehydes, aldol type products were obtained in good yields.
Characterization of the Cleavage of β-Glucosidic Linkage by Trichoderma viride Cellulase Using Regioselectively Substituted Methylcelluloses
Authors: Kondo Tetsuo , Nojiri Masanobu 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Regioselectively substituted methylcelluloses having a uniform structure, 6-O-methylcellulose, was degraded by the cellulase of Trichoderma viride while 2,3-di-O-methylcellulose(2) was not. In contrast, a substrate having a trace amount of unsubstituted units in compound 2 was depolymerized by the cellulase, suggesting that glucosidic bonds between non-substituted and 2,3-di-O-substituted units were selectively cleaved.
The Simple Preparation of Aldehydes and Ketones by the Photo-Oxygen Rearrangement of Naphtho[1,8-de]dithiin Monooxides
Authors: Furukawa Naomichi , Fujii Takayoshi , Kimura Takeshi , Fujihara Hisashi 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Naphthalene-1,8-dithiol reacted with aldehydes to give dithioacetals which were oxidized to 2-substituted naphtho[1,8-de]1,3-dithiin-1-oxides (4). 2,2-Disubstituted naphtho[1,8-de]1,3-dithiin-1-oxides (5) were obtained on treatment of 4 with NaH/electrophiles. Photolysis of 4 and 5 undergoes intramolecular oxygen rearrangement to generate aldehydes and ketones quantitatively together with naphthalene-1,8-dithiole.
Complementary Diastereoselectivity in the Synthesis and Hydrolysis of Acylated Cyclodextrins
Authors: Coates John H , Easton Christopher J , Fryer Nicholas L , Lincoln Stephen F 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The diastereoselectivity of acylation of β-cyclodextrin with the acid chlorides of Ibuprofen, Flurbiprofen and 2-phenylpropanoic acid is complementary, in absolute and relative terms, to that observed in the hydrolysis of the corresponding cyclodextrin esters.
Transmembrane Electron Transfer across a Keratin Membrane and Lipid Bilayers Catalyzed by Manganese Porphyrin Dimers
Authors: Iida Kouji , Nango Mamoru , Hikita Masaya , Tajima Takeharu , Kurihara Takayuki , Yamashita Keiji , Tsuda Kazuichi , Dewa Takehisa , Komiyama Jiro , Nakata Masahiko , Ohtsuka Yoshiki 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Transmembrane electron transfer across S-cyanoethylated keratin (SCEK) and liposomal membranes catalyzed by (1), MnTTP-(CH2)n-MnP(COOMe)3, n = 2, 3, 12 showed that an enhanced electron transfer was observed especially when n = 2 or 3 on (1) in these membranes and imidazole was present.
Lipase-Catalyzed Kinetic Resolution of trans-2,5-Disubstituted Pyrrolidine Derivatives
Authors: Kawanami Yasuhiro , Moriya Hitoko , Goto Yuka 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Enantioselective preparation of (−)-(2S,5S)-N-benzyl-trans-2,5-bis(acetoxymethyl)pyrrolidine was carried out by the lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis of racemic diacetate in phosphate buffer contained 20% DMSO.
Glucose Sensor Based on a Solid Electrolyte Cell Using Sodium Ion Conductor
Authors: Lisdat Fred , Yamada Akihiro , Miura Norio , Yamazoe Noboru 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
A glucose sensor was developed based on a solid electrolyte cell as a transducer. The sensor element uses a sodium ion conductor (NASICON) as a solid electrolyte and a Pt-layer with immobilized GOD as a sensing electrode. EMF of the sensor varies logarithmically with glucose concentration from 5 × 10−5 to 5 × 10−3 M, following Nernst’s equation (−53 mV/dec). The sensing mechanism as well as the interface of potential formation were investigated.
Fragmentation of Triple Cubane-Framework in [(Cp*Rh)4Mo4O16] (Cp* = η5-C5Me5) by MeSH into Tetranuclear Parts in [{Cp*Rh(μ-SMe)3MoO}2(μ-O)2] and [{Cp*Rh(μ-SMe)3MoO}2(μ-O)(μ-S)] Providing a Novel System for Studying Stereodynamics of Thiolate Complexes
Authors: Xi Rimo , Wang Bateer , Abe Masaaki , Ozawa Yoshiki , Isobe Kiyoshi 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Reaction of the triple cubane-type cluster [(Cp*Rh)4Mo4O16] with MeSH gave two tetranuclear complexes of [{Cp*Rh(μ-SMe)3MoO}2(μ-O)2] and [{Cp*Rh(μ-SMe)3MoO}2(μ-O)(μ-S)] which were characterized by X-ray structural analysis. The stereodynamics of the two complexes was studied by variable-temperature 1H and 17O NMR as well as 13C NMR spectroscopy.
Preparation of Fine-particle Platinum-ruthenium Composite Catalyst Highly-active for Liquid-phase Alkane Dehydrogenation
Authors: Hama Shunichi , Saito Yasukazu 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
A Pt-Ru metal composite catalyst prepared from complexes with different charges, [Pt3(CO)6]52− and [(C6Me6)2Ru]2+, exhibited monodispersed distribution with respect to particle size and composition. A synergetic effect on ethylcyclohexane dehydrogeno-aromatization was well demonstrated under boiling and refluxing conditions, contrary to the case prepared from [Pt3(CO)6]52− and neutral Ru3(CO)12.
Crystallographic Changes of C60 Film Induced by Electrochemical Doping of Tetra-n-butylammonium Ions
Authors: Tomura Keiji , Nishizawa Matsuhiko , Takemura Daigo , Matsue Tomokazu , Uchida Isamu 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Crystallographic changes of C60 thin film during electrochemical reduction and reoxidation in acetonitrile containing of tetra-n-butylammonium (TBA+) were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). XRD spectra showed a reversible structure change due to the electrochemical doping of TBA+.
Isomerization Behavior of Halostilbene Radical Cations in the Excited States. Two-Color Photochemistry of Stilbene Derivatives
Authors: Kuriyama Yasunao , Hashimoto Fumiko , Tsuchiya Masahiro , Sakuragi Hirochika , Tokumaru Katsumi 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Two-color laser excitation of (Z)-4,4′-dichlorostilbene and (Z)-4,4′-difluorostilbene with 425- and 500-nm laser pulses in acetonitrile containing 9,10-dicyanoanthracene and biphenyl exhibited a spectral change indicating a rapid conversion of the Z-radical cations in the excited state to the corresponding E-radical cations in a one-way fashion. The efficiencies of isomerization were determined and the isomerization energy surfaces were discussed.
Reaction of 2-(Ethoxycarbonyl)pentadienylsilane under Ritter Condition. Formation of α-Methylene-γ-lactone by Self-cyclization
Authors: Kuroda Chiaki , Mitsumata Naoko 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
An acylative C(3)-C(4)-bond cleavage of 4,5-disubstituted-2-trimethylsilylmethylpenta-2,4-dienoate occurred by treatment with trifluoromethanesulfonic acid in nitriles, while a self-cyclization giving an α-methylene-γ-lactone also occurred when the reactions were carried out in bulky nitriles.
Facile Detection of Cation-π Interactions in Calix[n]arenes by Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Inokuchi Fumiaki , Araki Koji , Shinkai Seiji 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
It was found that calix[n]arene-organic ammonium ion complexes formed on the basis of cation-π interactions can be easily detected by mass spectrometry. The host-guest selectivity observed therein is largely different from that observed in solution probably.
Low Temperature Oxidative Coupling of Methane by Perovskite Oxide
Authors: Li Xiao-Hong , Fujimoto Kaoru 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Perovskite oxides, SrTiO3 which was doped with MgO and contained oxygen defects, oxidized methane to C2 coupled hydrocarbons at 425 °C, with the selectivity over 90%. The used oxides could be regenerated by being treated in air at 425 °C. Adsorbed oxide ion on the defect seemed to be responsible for their oxidation activity.
Isomerization of a Diastereomeric Oxovanadium(IV) Complex Containing an Unsymmetrical Tetradentate Schiff Base Ligand Catalyzed by Oxovanadium(V) Species
Authors: Nakajima Kiyohiko , Kojima Masaaki , Tsuchimoto Masanobu , Yoshikawa Yuzo , Fujita Junnosuke 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The isomerization between the two diastereomers of [VIVO{3-MeOsal,sal-(RR)-chxn}] (H2{3-MeOsal,sal-(RR)-chxn} = N-salicylidene-N′-3-methoxysalicylidene-(RR)-1,2-cyclohexanediamine) in acetonitrile-water(95:5 v/v) was observed under aerobic conditions. The reaction was accelerated by the addition of [VVO(salen)]ClO4 (H2salen = N,N′-disalicylidene-1,2-ethanediamine), but the complex did not isomerize in dry acetonitrile. The mechanism of the isomerization was investigated.
Synthesis and Magnetic Properties of NdFe10Mo2Cx and NdFe10Mo2CxNy Using NdC2 as a Starting Material
Authors: Izumi Hirokazu , Seyama Yukitaka , Machida Ken-ichi , Adachi Gin-ya 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Interstitial rare earth carbide (NdFe10Mo2Cx) and carbonitride (NdFe10Mo2CxNy) have been prepared by a novel preparation method, which comprises the replacement of a partial amount of Nd metal with NdC2 up to the carbon content of x &lt; 1. Temperature dependence of their magnetization characteristics fairly agreed with those of NdFe10Mo2Cx and NdFe10Mo2CxNy obtained by a conventional metallurgical technique and/or a subsequent plasma nitriding. The results demonstrated that these interstitial rare earth compounds are produced in much reduced cost compared with that for the conventional one using Nd metal.
Orbital Phase Control of Trigonal Pyramidal Structures of Tricoordinated Metal Complexes
Authors: Iwase Koji , Sakai Shogo , Inagaki Satoshi 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Trigonal pyramidal structures of some tricoordinated metal complexes ML3 (M = Mg, Al, Si) are predicted by an orbital phase theory and confirmed by ab initio molecular orbital calculations to have acute L–M–L angles in spite of the steric congestion.