bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Antioxidant Properties of Novel N‐H and N‐Substituted Propanamide Derivatives
Authors: Ölgen Süreyya , Kılıç Zuhal , Ada Ahmet O. , Çoban Tülay 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe interest in the application of antioxidants for medical treatment has been growing recently. A lot of evidence has proven the link between the development of human diseases and oxidative stress. Indole derivatives were found to be very effective in protecting against oxidative stress. Recent exciting findings have demonstrated that several indole derivatives (IDs) are strong inhibitors of superoxide anion (SOD) and lipid peroxidation (LP). In this study, a series of novel N‐H and N‐substituted indole‐3‐propanamide derivatives (I3PADs) have been prepared and their efficiencies were investigated towards SOD and LP. Among the synthesized I3PADs, compounds 5 and 7‐12 significantly inhibited O2∗︁– in the range of 94–100%. In addition, N‐H I3PADs showed a stronger inhibitory effect (compounds 1–5, 56–83%) on lipid peroxidation levels than SOD.
Randomized clinical trial of surgical technique and local antibiotics for ingrowing toenail
Authors: Bos A M C , van Tilburg M W A , van Sorge A A , Klinkenbijl J H G 
Published: February 2007

Abstract

Background
The aim of this study was to investigate different surgical techniques for treating ingrowing toenails (IGTNs) and to determine the value of a locally applied antibiotic after intervention.

Methods
One hundred and twenty-three patients with IGTN were assigned randomly to one of four groups. All patients had partial nail avulsion. This was combined with excision of the matrix or application of phenol, with or without local application of gentamicin afterwards. All procedures were performed by one physician. The primary outcome measure was symptomatic recurrence of IGTN.

Results
One hundred and seventeen patients were available for follow-up. Phenol gave significantly better results than matrix excision with respect to recurrence (including regrowth and spike formation) after 1 year (P &lt; 0·001). In terms of signs of infection, there was no significant difference between phenol and matrix excision after 2 days (P = 0·224) or 1 week (P = 0·501). Antibiotics had no effect in reducing the risk of infection after 2 days (P = 0·989) or 1 week (P = 0·676), or in reducing the rate of recurrent IGTN at 1 year (P = 0·187). If regrowth or spike formation is included, the effect is even less significant (P = 0·876).

Conclusion
Partial nail avulsion with phenolization gave better results than partial avulsion with matrix excision. Local antibiotics did not reduce signs of infection or recurrence. Use of phenol did not produce more signs of infection than matrix excision.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of standard and extended lymphadenectomy in pancreaticoduodenectomy for pancreatic cancer
Authors: Michalski C W , Kleeff J , Wente M N , Diener M K , Büchler M W , Friess H 
Published: February 2007

Abstract

Background
Although some retrospective studies of extended radical lymphadenectomy for pancreatic cancer have suggested a survival advantage, this is controversial.

Methods
A literature search identified randomized controlled trials comparing extended with standard lymphadenectomy in pancreatic cancer surgery. Overall survival was analysed using hazard ratios and standard errors. Pooled estimates of overall treatment effects were calculated using a random effects model (odds ratio and 95 per cent confidence interval).

Results
Of four randomized trials identified for systematic review, three were included in a meta-analysis of survival. The log hazard ratios (standard errors) for survival for the three trials were 0·36 (0·22), − 0·15 (0·17) and − 0·21 (0·15); the weighted mean log hazard ratio for survival overall was 0·93 (95 per cent confidence interval 0·77 to 1·13), revealing no significant differences between the standard and extended procedure (P = 0·480). Morbidity and mortality rates were also comparable, with a trend towards higher rates of delayed gastric emptying for extended lymphadenectomy. The number of resected lymph nodes was significantly higher in the extended lymphadenectomy groups (P &lt; 0·001).

Conclusion
The extended procedure does not benefit overall survival, and there may even be a trend towards increased morbidity. Therefore extended lymphadenectomy should be performed only within adequately powered controlled trials, if at all.
Randomized clinical trial evaluating the need for routine nasogastric decompression after elective hepatic resection
Authors: Pessaux P , Regimbeau J-M , Dondéro F , Plasse M , Mantz J , Belghiti J 
Published: February 2007

Abstract

Background
The value of routine nasogastric tube (NGT) decompression after elective hepatic resection has not been investigated.

Methods
Of 200 patients who had elective hepatic resection, including 68 who had previously had colorectal surgery, 100 were randomized to NGT decompression, where the NGT was left in place after surgery until the passage of flatus or stool, and 100 to no decompression, where the NGT was removed at the end of the operation.

Results
There was no difference between patients who had NGT decompression and those who did not in terms of overall surgical complications (15·0 versus 19·0 per cent respectively; P = 0·451) medical morbidity (61·0 versus 55·0 per cent; P = 0·391), in-hospital mortality (3·0 versus 2·0 per cent; P = 0·640), duration of ileus (mean(s.d.) 4·3(1·5) versus 4·5(1·7) days; P = 0·400) or length of hospital stay (14·2(8·5) versus 15·8(10·8) days; P = 0·220). Twelve patients randomized to no NGT decompression required reinsertion of the tube 3·9(1·9) days after surgery. Previous abdominal surgery had no influence on the need for NGT reinsertion. Severe discomfort was recorded in 21 patients in the NGT group and premature removal of the tube was required in 19. Pneumonia (13·0 versus 5·0 per cent; P = 0·047) and atelectasis (81 versus 67 per cent; P = 0·043) were significantly more common in the NGT group.

Conclusion
Routine NGT decompression after elective hepatectomy had no advantages. Its use was associated with an increased risk of pulmonary complications.
Reversible Transformation of ZnII Coordination Geometry in a Single Crystal of Porous Metal‐Organic Framework [Zn3(ntb)2(EtOH)2]⋅4 EtOH
Authors: Suh Myunghyun Paik , Cheon Young Eun , Lee Eun Young 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA 3D porous metal‐organic framework [Zn3(ntb)2(EtOH)2]n⋅4nEtOH (1) that generates 1D channels of honeycomb aperture has been prepared by the solvothermal reaction of Zn(NO3)2⋅6 H2O and 4,4′,4′′‐nitrilotrisbenzoic acid (H3NTB) in EtOH at 110 °C. Framework 1 exhibits reversible single‐crystal‐to‐single‐crystal transformations upon removal and rebinding of the coordinating EtOH as well as the EtOH guest molecules, which give rise to desolvated crystal [Zn3(ntb)2]n (1′) and resolvated crystal [Zn3(ntb)2(EtOH)2]n⋅4nEtOH (1′′). The X‐ray structures indicate that 3D host framework is retained during the transformations from 1 to 1′ and from 1′ to 1′′, but the coordination geometry of ZnII ions changes from/to trigonal bipyramid to/from tetrahedron, concomitant with the rotational rearrangement of a carboxylate plane of the NTB3− relative to its associated phenyl ring. To retain the single crystal integrity, extensive cooperative motions must exist between the molecular components throughout the crystal. Framework 1′ exhibits permanent porosity, thermal stability up to 400 °C, and blue luminescence, and high storage capabilities for N2, H2, CO2, and CH4.
High‐Resolution Solid‐State NMR Structure of an Anticancer Agent
Authors: Lange Adam , Schupp Thomas , Petersen Frank , Carlomagno Teresa , Baldus Marc 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe demonstrate that solid‐state NMR methods can be used to rapidly determine the high‐resolution 3D structure of Epothilone B in the polycrystalline state. The solid‐state NMR structures exhibit an average heavy atom RMSD to the mean structure of 0.14 Å. The 3D‐structural analysis leads to stereospecific assignments and provides insight into the influence of intermolecular interactions upon ssNMR chemical‐shift parameters. Our results pave the way to the study of ligand–microtubule interactions in a noncrystalline and insoluble environment at atomic level.
Fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy for acoustic neuroma
Authors: Koh Eng‐Siew , Millar Barbara‐Ann , Ménard Cynthia , Michaels Howard , Heydarian Mostafa , Ladak Shenaz , McKinnon Sharon , Rutka John A. , Guha Abhijit , Pond Gregory R. , Laperriere Normand J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND.The clinical outcome and toxicity of fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (FSRT) was assessed for acoustic neuroma in 60 patients treated in a single institution.METHODS.Between October 1996 and February 2005, 60 patients received FSRT for acoustic neuroma (AN). The mean total dose applied was 50 Gy in single daily 2‐Gy fractions over 5 weeks. The median irradiated tumor volume was 4.9 cm3 (range, 0.3–49.0 cm3). The median follow‐up period was 31.9 months.RESULTS.FSRT was well tolerated in all patients. The 5‐year actuarial local control rate was 96.2% (95% CI: 91.1%–100.0%). Five‐year actuarial progression‐free survival was 92.8% (95% CI: 84.8%–100.0%). The overall hearing preservation rate was 77.3%. Five of 6 patients with initial cranial nerve V (CNV) numbness remained stable post‐FSRT. Two of 3 patients with baseline trigeminal neuralgia improved with the remaining patient stable. All 3 patients with nonsurgically related facial nerve weakness either improved or achieved stability in function. There were no cases of new cranial nerve toxicity post‐FSRT.CONCLUSIONS.FSRT for the treatment of AN is safe, effective, and well tolerated. FSRT should thus be considered as an effective alternative treatment modality when compared with microsurgical resection or single fraction stereotactic radiosurgery. Cancer 2007. © 2007 American Cancer Society.
A Novel ATR‐FTIR Approach for Characterisation and Identification of Ex Situ Immobilised Species
Authors: Andersson Per Ola , Lundquist Margaretha , Tegler Lotta , Börjegren Susanne , Baltzer Lars , Österlund Lars 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe demonstrate a novel method to analyse ex situ prepared protein chips by attenuated total reflection Fourier IR spectroscopy (ATR‐FTIR), which circumvents tedious functionalisation steps of internal reflection elements (IREs), and simultaneously allows for complementary measurements by other analytical techniques. This concept is proven by utilising immobilised metal affinity capture (IMAC™) chips containing about 10 μm thick films of copolymers coated with nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) groups, which originally was manufactured for surface enhanced laser desorption ionisation (SELDI) spectrometry. Three immobilisation steps were analysed by ATR‐FTIR spectroscopy: 1) NTA complexation with nickel(II) ions 2) binding of two histidine (His)‐tagged synthetic peptides of 25 (25‐His6) and 48 (48‐His6) amino acids to the NTA‐groups and 3) attachment of a ligand, mesyl amide, to the surface‐bound 48‐His6. Despite interference from H2O, both amide I and II were well resolved. Utilising peptide adsorption in the thick copolymer matrix yields a high saturation peptide concentration of ≈100 mg mL−1 and a dissociation constant of 116±11 μM, as determined by a detailed analysis of the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The mesyl amide ligand was directly seen in the raw ATR‐FTIR spectrum with specific peaks in the fingerprint region at 1172 and 1350 cm−1. Several aspects of the fine structure of the amide I band of the peptide were analysed: influences from secondary structure, amino side chains and competing contamination product. We believe that this approach has great potential as a stand‐alone or complementary analytical tool for determination of the chemical composition of functionalised surfaces. We emphasise further that with this approach no chemical treatment of IREs is needed; the chips can be regenerated and reused, and applied in other experimental set‐ups.
Dynamics or Stochastic Conductance Switching of Phenylene–Ethynylene Oligomers?
Authors: Hallbäck Ann‐Sofie , Poelsema Bene , Zandvliet Harold J. W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractScanning tunneling microscopy (STM) studies of phenylene–ethynylene oligomers inserted in alkanethiolate self assembled monolayers (SAMs) are presented. Spontaneous changes in appearance of bundles of inserted molecules during imaging are observed. The results indicate that the appearance changes are caused by fluctuations of the number of molecules in the bundles, by diffusion and exchange of molecules, in contrast to previous reports which attribute the changes to stochastic conductance switching. The packing density of the SAM around the bundles of inserted molecules influence the fluctuations, as the fluctuations observed at 77 K all take place in bundles inserted at locally less‐densely packed SAM areas. At room temperature fluctuations of bundles inserted in well‐ordered areas are also observed.
Electrical storm in hemodialysis: A story of death reversed 65 times
Authors: Guglin Maya , Kumaravelu Priya 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBackgroundVentricular arrhythmias, common in dialysis patients, are potentially lethal; when 2 episodes of ventricular arrhythmia occur within 24 hours—with a normal sinus rhythm in between—it is called an electrical storm.MethodsThis article reports on the case of a 70‐year‐old male patient who experienced 65 episodes of ventricular arrhythmia during dialysis over a 2‐year period.ResultsBecause of the automatic implantable cardioverter defibrillator and immediate access to antiarrhythmic medications such as amiodarone and lidocaine, the patient survived the ventricular arrhythmias—and death itself—65 times.ConclusionThis case highlights the importance of the availability of antiarrhythmic medications and automated external defibrillators in dialysis units and stresses the need to train personnel in the dialysis unit in the use of external defibrillators. Peritoneal dialysis is a possible alternative in patients prone to electrical storm.
Interpretation of endometrium obtained by the endo‐pap sampler and a clinical study of its use
Authors: Palermo Vincent G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEndometrical cytology sampling using the Endo‐pap sampler is an inexpensive, painless, and simple procedure. Tissue microfragments obtained include surface epithelial sheets, gland segments, and stromal cell aggregates. Gland segments are critical for evaluation of the sample. Glands are dilated in hyperplasia and there is nuclear crowding with increase of chromatin and mucleoli. In adenocarcinoma there is loss of glands with marked nuclear enlargement and pleomorphism. An understanding of endometrial histomorphology and its correlation with cytology is essential for accurate interpretation. In 1027 ambulatory patients screened, no complications were observed and 92% of the samples were adequate for cytologic diagnosis. Tissue diagnosis was obtained in 173 cases. There were 36 adenocarcinomas, of which 34 (94%) were diagnosed cytologically. There were 16 hyperplasias, of which 5 (31%) were diagnosed cytologically. The Endo‐pap sampler was found effective in detecting endometrial adenocarcinoma. Further studies are needed to determine its diagnostic effectiveness in hyperplasia.
Prostatic aspirates a cytomorphologic analysis with emphasis on well‐differentiated carcinoma
Authors: Kline Tilde S. , Kannan Vaidehi 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn this retrospective evaluation of 72 cases of fine needle aspiration biopsy of the prostate, 25 aspirates from welldifferentiated carcinoma were compared with 27 aspirates from benign prostatic enlargement and 20 aspirates from moderately to poorly differentiated carcinoma. Each case was examined by a single observer (V.K.) for multiple parameters including cellularity, dyshesion, nuclear membrane irregularity, anisonucleosis, macronucleoli (major criteria of malignancy), cell and nuclear enlargement, and altered nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio. Cellularity was the most significant indicator, but all major and minor criteria of malignancy were consistently important for distinguishing well‐differentiated carcinoma from benign lesions. Systematic use of these meaningful standards enhances diagnostic sensitivity.
Aspiration biopsy cytology of lymph nodes in malignant lymphoma
Authors: Qizilbash All H. , Elavathil Leela J. , Chen Vicki , Young James E. M. , Archibald Stuart D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe cytologic findings of needle aspiration biopsy of lymph nodes in malignant lymphoma are presented. In 42 of 49 cases, a correct cytologic diagnosis was rendered. There was one false‐positive diagnosis. The diagnostic accuracy of needle aspiration cytology is high. It helps to select patients for further investigation and treatment, thereby avoiding unnecessary surgery in patients who present with lymphadenopathy. The technique is also useful in the staging work‐up of patients with lymphoma and the diagnosis of recurrent disease during the follow‐up period.
Role of immunocytochemistry in diagnosis of prostatic neoplasia by fine needle aspiration biopsy
Authors: Katz Ruth L. , Raval Pramila , Brooks Thomas E. , Ordonez Nelson G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe efficacy of immunocytochemical staining for prostate specific antigen (PSA) and prostate‐specific acid phosphatase (PSAP) was studied in aspiration biopsy specimens from 19 patients. Eighteen patients had prostatic carcinoma and one had hyperplasia of prostate. Specimens were obtained from both the primary tumors and metastatic sites. Immunoperoxidase staining was performed on alcohol‐fixed cytology smears (some prepared up to 9 years previously) using appropriate antisera followed by an avidin‐biotinylated horseradish peroxidase complex. Results were scored according to the percentage and intensity of positively stained malignant cells. Corresponding histologic specimens were stained and scored in a similar fashion. Correlations were made between the staining characteristics of the tumor markers and grade of tumor, using the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Hospital classification of prostate carcinoma. Overall there was good correlation between cytologic and histologic specimens for the presence of PSA and PSAP, although metastases tended to show fewer positively stained cells than the primary tumor. There was no relationship between tumor grade and percentage of positively stained cells. Ninety‐three percent of aspirated primary and secondary prostatic tumors stained positively for PSAP compared with 81 % for PSA. In one of 3 patients, negative staining of neoplastic cells by both PSAP and PSA was helpful in confirming the existence of a second primary tumor.
Lymph node aspiration biopsy diagnostic reliability and limitations—an analysis of 350 cases
Authors: Ramzy Ibrahim , Rone Rene , Schul Tenover Stephen J. , Buhaug James 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe results of fine needle aspiration biopsy of lymph nodes in 350 patients and the modified biopsy technique used at our institution are discussed. Of the 350 cases, 209 aspirates were categorized as cytologically malignant, 102 as benign, 30 as suspicious for malignancy, and 9 as unsatisfactory. Cervical lymph nodes were most commonly sampled (58%), and supraclavicular nodes were most likely to be malignant (90%). The overall diagnostic accuracy achieved was 94%. One falsepositive and 9 (2%) false‐negative results were observed in the 350 cases. In 3% of the 30 cases diagnosed as suspicious for malignancy, follow‐up open biopsy of the lymph nodes in question proved them benign. The advantages and limitations of the procedure are discussed, as well as some of the possible sources of error, particularly in the diagnosis of lymphomas.
Intraoperative cytology of lymph nodes and lymphoid lesions
Authors: Wilkerson James A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCytologic preparations from lymph nodes and lymphoid lesions in other tissues permit accurate intraoperative diagnosis of a number of lesions that are not commonly identifiable with certainty in conventional frozen sections. The clarity of cytologic detail in smears or imprints allows recognition of Hodgkin's and non‐Hodgkin's lymphomas, certain metastatic tumors such as melanoma or oat cell carcinoma, and some nonneoplastic disorders, all of which must be diagnosed on the basis of cellular alterations. The characteristic cytologic features of these disorders are presented.Cytologic preparations also have proved valuable in evaluating lesions that usually can be diagnosed with frozen sections. For these lesions, the ability to see cytologic details provides greater diagnostic certainty. For some necrotic, calcified, or fatty specimens, smears or imprints are the only preparations possible. With alcohol fixation and rapid hematoxylin and eosin or Papanicolaou staining, the preparations are ready for examination within 2 minutes after the specimens are received. The cytologic presentations are essentially identical to those of aspiration biopsies. Use of each type of preparation helps develop and maintain the diagnostic skills needed for the other.
The adequate papanicolaou smear revisited
Authors: Greening Shirley E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe reliance on the Papanicolaou smear as a screening and diagnostic test for uterine cancer and its precursors infers that appraisal of the specimen's adequacy is based upon a uniform standard of quality. The presence or absence of endocervical cells in cervical samples has been suggested as one measure of a specimen's adequacy. Not all Cytologists are satisfied with the reliability of this criterion, however. On‐going studies are indicated to determine those factors which are critical to the evaluation of the adequacy of these specimens.
George N. papanicolaou living memories, monuments, and archives
Authors: Koprowska Irena 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis paper describes selected events in the life of Dr. George N. Papanicolaou and his wife Mary, as witnessed by the author. It includes a written version of a talk on endometrial cytology by Dr. Papanicolaou, and serves as a posthumous publication of that paper. It tells the story how one of Dr. Papanicolaou's sculptures gradually came to resemble him. Information related to his memorabilia and archives is included. The sources of information are documented by 30 references and 6 illustrations.
Cytopathology of mesenchymal repair
Authors: James L. Patrick 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTissue repair is a common biologic process closely associated with the inflammatory response. The cytologic features of regeneration and repair of epithelial surfaces have been intensely studied and documented. Regeneration and repair occur in mesenchymal tissues and their radiographic and cytologic findings may closely simulate malignancy. This paper reviews the cytologic features of mesenchymal repair as seen in 44 aspiration biopsy specimens of bone, skeletal muscle, fibroadipose tissue, and fibrous connective tissue. In general, cytologic specimens from such lesions display variable but often scanty cellularity, prominent cellular heterogeneity with a spectrum of atypical features, an admixture of reactive fibroblasts, and evidence of a coexisting inflammatory reaction. Careful attention to cytologic detail and review of clinical and radiographic findings are mandatory in the evaluation of these specimens.