bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Arterial fluid mechanics modeling with the stabilized space–time fluid–structure interaction technique
Authors: Tezduyar Tayfun E. , Sathe Sunil , Schwaab Matthew , Conklin Brian S. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractWe present an overview of how the arterial fluid mechanics problems can be modeled with the stabilized space–time fluid–structure interaction (SSTFSI) technique developed by the Team for Advanced Flow Simulation and Modeling (T★AFSM). The SSTFSI technique includes the enhancements introduced recently by the T★AFSM to increase the scope, accuracy, robustness and efficiency of this class of techniques. The SSTFSI technique is supplemented with a number of special techniques developed for arterial fluid mechanics modeling. These include a recipe for pre‐FSI computations that improve the convergence of the FSI computations, using an estimated zero‐pressure arterial geometry, and the sequentially coupled arterial FSI (SCAFSI) technique. The recipe for pre‐FSI computations is based on the assumption that the arterial deformation during a cardiac cycle is driven mostly by the blood pressure. The SCAFSI technique, which was introduced as an approximate FSI approach in arterial fluid mechanics, is also based on that assumption. The need for an estimated zero‐pressure arterial geometry is based on recognizing that the patient‐specific image‐based geometries correspond to time‐averaged blood pressure values. In our arterial fluid mechanics modeling the arterial walls can be represented with the membrane or continuum elements, both of which are geometrically nonlinear, and the continuum element is made of hyperelastic (Fung) material. Test computations are presented for cerebral and abdominal aortic aneurysms, where the arterial geometries used in the computations are close approximations to the patient‐specific image‐based data. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
De‐aliasing and stabilization formalism of the cascaded lattice Boltzmann automaton for under‐resolved high Reynolds number flow
Authors: Geier M. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe central moments formalism of the cascaded lattice Boltzmann automaton is a natural approach to stabilize under‐resolved unsteady high Reynolds number flow simulations. On the basis of the two absolute length scales of shear flow simulations which are the physical scale η (Kolmogorov scale) and the numerical scale h (grid spacing), it is argued that higher central moments of the local momentum distribution should go much faster to zero than the explicitly traced hydrodynamic moments. The lattice Boltzmann formalism allows one to adjust these higher moments without affecting the velocity field and its gradients in the same time step. It is shown that setting the higher central moments to zero in each time step stabilizes the model. As an example vortex shedding behind an obstacle which is only one grid spacing wide is shown. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Assessing community effects on adolescent substance use and delinquency
Authors: Van Horn M. Lee , Hawkins J. David , Arthur Michael W. , Catalano Richard F. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThis study investigates community‐level prediction of adolescent substance use and problem behaviors using ratings by community leaders to assess the effects of four risk factors on levels of drug use and problem behaviors. Three questions are examined: (a) Can psychometrically sound measures of community leader perceptions of risk factors in their community be developed?; (b) What is the relationship between community leader ratings of the community and student perceptions of their community?; and (c) How are community leader ratings and student perceptions of the community related to community levels of current student substance use and serious delinquency? Results indicate that community leaders' perceptions of community risk factors demonstrate both internal validity and criterion validity. Community leaders and students demonstrate modest agreement in assessments of community risk factors. Community leaders' ratings of community norms favorable to substance use and community law enforcement permissive of substance use were related to levels of substance use reported by students. Leader ratings of low community attachment, community disorganization, and community law enforcement permissive of substance use were related to community levels of serious delinquency reported by students. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comm Psychol 35: 925–946, 2007.
The informal social control of intimate partner violence against women: Exploring personal attitudes and perceived neighborhood social cohesion
Authors: Frye Victoria 
Published: October 2007

AbstractIntimate partner violence against women is a major public health and social problem. However, our understanding of how the geographic community or neighborhood influences its distribution is underdeveloped. In contrast, there is accumulating evidence that neighborhood characteristics, such as social cohesion and related neighborhood factors, are associated with general violence both at the neighborhood and individual levels. Drawing insights from social disorganization, feminist, and bystander intervention research and theory, this cross‐sectional, exploratory study examines influences on the predicted likelihood of intervening in general and intimate partner violence situations, termed enacting informal social control. Specificially, perceptions of neighborhood social cohesion and related neighborhood factors, and personal attitudes toward intimate partner violence are assessed using data from a community sample of 119 New York City residents. Results indicate that perceptions of neighborhood social cohesion were not positively related to predicted likelihood of enacting informal social control of either general violence or intimate partner violence. Personal attitudes towards intimate partner violence were positively associated with predicted informal social control of intimate partner, but not general violence. The need for further research in this area and theoretical and practical implications of the findings for intimate partner violence against women prevention are discussed. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comm Psychol 35: 1001–1018, 2007.
Fryns syndrome: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Yucesoy Gulseren , Cakiroglu Yigit , Caliskan Eray 
Published: October 2007

AbstractFryns syndrome (FS) is a rare malformation. We report a case of FS referred to our clinic at 27 weeks' gestation with a diagnosis of congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Sonographic examination of the fetus revealed a left‐sided diaphragmatic hernia, pulmonary hypoplasia, and a median orofacial cleft. The diagnosis of FS was made after exclusion of chromosome aberrations and delivery of the fetus. Macroscopic inspection revealed a coarse face (hypertelorism and broad and flat nasal bridge, anteverted nostrils, median cleft lip/palate, poorly shaped auricles with attached earlobes, facial hirsutism), a narrow thorax, nail hypoplasia, and hypoplastic, widely spaced nipples. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2008
Anatomy of the stomatogastric nervous system associated with the foregut in Drosophila melanogaster and Calliphora vicina third instar larvae
Authors: Spieß Roland , Schoofs Andreas , Heinzel Hans‐Georg 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe stomatogastric nervous system (SNS) associated with the foregut was studied in 3rd instar larvae of Drosophila melanogaster and Calliphora vicina (blowfly). In both species, the foregut comprises pharynx, esophagus, and proventriculus. Only in Calliphora does the esophagus form a crop. The position of nerves and neurons was investigated with neuronal tracers in both species and GFP expression in Drosophila. The SNS is nearly identical in both species. Neurons are located in the proventricular and the hypocerebral ganglion (HCG), which are connected to each other by the proventricular nerve. Motor neurons for pharyngeal muscles are located in the brain not, as in other insect groups, in the frontal ganglion. The position of the frontal ganglion is taken by a nerve junction devoid of neurons. The junction is composed of four nerves: the frontal connectives that fuse with the antennal nerves (ANs), the frontal nerve innervating the cibarial dilator muscles and the recurrent nerve that innervates the esophagus and projects to the HCG. Differences in the SNS are restricted to a crop nerve only present in Calliphora and an esophageal ganglion that only exists in Drosophila. The ganglia of the dorsal organs give rise to the ANs, which project to the brain. The extensive conformity of the SNS of both species suggests functional parallels. Future electrophysiological studies of the motor circuits in the SNS of Drosophila will profit from parallel studies of the homologous but more accessible structures in Calliphora. J. Morphol., 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hindlimb muscle fiber types in two frogs (Rana catesbeiana and Litoria caerulea) with different locomotor behaviors: Histochemical and enzymatic comparison
Authors: Crockett Christy J. , Peters Susan E. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractTo test how differences in locomotor behaviors may be reflected in muscle fiber‐type diversity within anurans, a comparison of hindlimb muscles between the powerful terrestrial hopper, Rana catesbeiana, and the tree frog, Litoria caerulea, was done. One postural muscle (tibialis posticus, TP) and one primary hopping muscle (plantaris longus, PL), were characterized to identify muscle fiber types using standard histochemical methods. In addition, spectophotometric analysis of activity levels of the oxidative enzyme citrate synthase (CS) and the glycolytic enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were done in each muscle. In spite of presumed differences in behavior between the species, we found no significant differences in the proportions of the identified fiber types when the muscles were compared across species. In addition, there were no significant differences in the proportions of the different fiber types between the postural versus phasic muscles within species. Within Rana, the postural muscle (TP) had greater oxidative capacity (as measured by CS activity) than did the phasic muscle (PL). Both muscles had equivalent LDH activities. Within Litoria, PL and TP did not differ in either LDH or CS activities. Both PL and TP of Litoria had less LDH activity and greater CS activity than their homologs in Rana. Thus, in spite of the uniform populations of fiber types between muscles and species, the metabolic diversity based on enzyme activity is consistent with behavioral differences between the species. These results suggest that the range of functional diversity within fiber types may be very broad in anurans, and histochemical fiber typing alone is not a clear indicator of their metabolic or functional properties. J. Morphol., 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Decreased muscarinic M1 receptor gene expression in the hypothalamus, brainstem, and pancreatic islets of streptozotocin‐induced diabetic rats
Authors: Gireesh G. , Kaimal S. Balarama , Kumar T. Peeyush , Paulose C.S. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe brain neurotransmitters' receptor activity and hormonal pathways control many physiological functions in the body. Acetylcholine (ACh), a major neurotransmitter from autonomic nervous system, regulates the cholinergic stimulation of insulin secretion, through interactions with muscarinic receptors. The objective of the present study was to investigate the changes in the total muscarinic and muscarinic M1 receptor ([3H]quinuclidinyl benzilate; QNB) binding and gene expression in the hypothalamus, brainstem, and pancreatic islets of streptozotocin (STZ)‐induced diabetic and insulin‐treated diabetic rats. In the hypothalamus and brainstem, total muscarinic receptor numbers were increased in diabetic rats with increase in affinity. Hypothalamic and brainstem muscarinic M1 receptors number were decreased in STZ diabetic rats with increase in affinity. In the pancreatic islets, muscarinic M1 receptors of diabetic rats were decreased, with a decrease in affinity. In all cases, the binding parameters were reversed to near control by the treatment of diabetic rats with insulin. Real‐time PCR data also showed a decrease in muscarinic M1 receptor gene expression and a similar reversal with insulin treatment. Thus our results suggest that insulin modulates binding parameters and gene expression of total and muscarinic M1 receptors. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Acquisitions: How to avoid implementation pitfalls and improve the odds of success
Authors: Watson Dan G. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe author examines the most common reasons acquisitions fail to meet the buyer's objectives, and presents field‐tested approaches for minimizing or avoiding these problems. The time for taking preemptive measures is before the deal is closed, and careful integration planning is the best investment the buyer can make. Specific recommendations, several illustrated with actual cases, include a structured process for integration planning that involves the seller; the “Day One Plan”; setting realistic expectations for an integration timetable; protecting “soft assets”; reducing seller apprehension in the due diligence process; and selecting an acquisition team with cultural savvy and interpersonal skills. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Morrison healthcare food services finds the key ingredients in operational excellence and great customer service
Authors: Seidl Andrea 
Published: October 2007

AbstractAlthough its new initiative had met three‐year goals for customer service and operating excellence in just two years, MHFS discovered it had uneven acceptance and implementation in the field. By making associate engagement, pride, and empowerment part of the new customer service strategy, MHFS is finally getting the results it wants. The organization appropriated talent and tools from other industries, got some outside help, and leveraged a powerful grass‐roots program to make customer service relevant, compelling, and actionable for its mostly hourly field associates in 450 facilities. This article is printed by permission of Morrison Management Services. © 2007 Morrison Management Services.
Women mentoring women: Tapping the wisdom in networks to navigate career obstacles and opportunities
Authors: Neal Annmarie 
Published: October 2007

AbstractFour women thought leaders counsel a rising female executive contemplating a major career move. They emphasize the need to assess the prospective organization and culture; why a woman should build and leverage a support network of other women; and how better self‐knowledge can help identify real career priorities before making a change. Understanding politics, the power in numbers, and the pros and cons of fight or flight are a few of the career lessons the more experienced business women offer other women trying to navigate the pitfalls of working in a masculine culture. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Heat shock protein expression and injury optimization for laser therapy design
Authors: Rylander Marissa Nichole , Feng Yusheng , Bass Jon , Diller Kenneth R. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesHyperthermia can induce heat shock protein (HSP) expression in tumor regions where non‐lethal temperature elevation occurs, enhancing cell viability and resistance to chemotherapy and radiation treatments typically employed in conjunction with thermal therapy. However, HSP expression control has not been incorporated into current thermal therapy design. Treatment planning models based on achieving the desired post‐therapy HSP expression and injury distribution in the tumor and healthy surrounding tissue can enable design of more effective thermal therapies that maximize tumor destruction and minimize healthy tissue injury.Study Design/Materials and MethodsAn optimization algorithm for prostate cancer laser therapy design was integrated into a previously developed treatment planning model, permitting prediction and optimization of the spatial and temporal temperature, HSP expression, and injury distributions in the prostate. This optimization method is based on dosimetry guidelines developed from measured HSP expression kinetics and injury data for normal and cancerous prostate cells and tumors exposed to hyperthermia.ResultsThe optimization model determines laser parameters (wavelength, power, pulse duration, fiber position, and number of fibers) necessary to satisfy prescribed HSP expression and injury distributions in tumor and healthy tissue. Optimization based on achieving desired injury and HSP expression distributions within the tumor and normal tissue permits more effective tumor destruction and diminished injury to healthy tissue compared to temperature driven optimization strategies.ConclusionsUtilization of the treatment planning optimization model can permit more effective tumor destruction by mitigating tumor recurrence and resistance to chemotherapy and radiation arising from HSP expression and insufficient injury. Lesers Surg. Med. 39:731–746, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Bilateral striatal necrosis, dystonia and multiple mitochondrial DNA deletions: Case study and effect of deep brain stimulation
Authors: Aniello Maria Stella , Martino Davide , Petruzzella Vittoria , Eleopra Roberto , Mancuso Michelangelo , Dell'Aglio Rosa , Cavallo Michele , Siciliano Gabriele , Defazio Giovanni 
Published: October 2007

AbstractBilateral striatal necrosis (BSN) is relatively rare and has been related to a wide array of causes, including nuclear and mitochondrial DNA mutations. We report the clinical vignette of a patient with a 37 years‐history of generalized dystonia secondary to BSN associated with multiple mitochondrial DNA deletions of undefined origin. Globus pallidus interna deep brain stimulation produced sustained benefit, with predominant improvements in disability. © 2007 Movement Disorder Society
Recreational physical activity and risk of Parkinson's disease
Authors: Thacker Evan L. , Chen Honglei , Patel Alpa V. , McCullough Marjorie L. , Calle Eugenia E. , Thun Michael J. , Schwarzschild Michael A. , Ascherio Alberto 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate associations between recreational physical activity and Parkinson's disease (PD) risk. We prospectively followed 143,325 participants in the Cancer Prevention Study II Nutrition Cohort from 1992 to 2001 (mean age at baseline = 63). Recreational physical activity was estimated at baseline from the reported number of hours per week on average spent performing light intensity activities (walking, dancing) and moderate to vigorous intensity activities (jogging/running, lap swimming, tennis/racquetball, bicycling/stationary bike, aerobics/calisthenics). Incident cases of PD (n = 413) were confirmed by treating physicians and medical record review. Relative risks (RR) were estimated using proportional hazards models, adjusting for age, gender, smoking, and other risk factors. Risk of PD declined in the highest categories of baseline recreational activity. The RR comparing the highest category of total recreational activity (men ≥ 23 metabolic equivalent task‐hours/week [MET‐h/wk], women ≥ 18.5 MET‐h/wk) to no activity was 0.8 (95% CI: 0.6, 1.2; P trend = 0.07). When light activity and moderate to vigorous activity were examined separately, only the latter was found to be associated with PD risk. The RR comparing the highest category of moderate to vigorous activity (men ≥ 16 MET‐h/wk, women ≥ 11.5 MET‐h/wk) to the lowest (0 MET‐h/wk) was 0.6 (95% CI: 0.4, 1.0; P trend = 0.02). These results did not differ significantly by gender. The results were similar when we excluded cases with symptom onset in the first 4 years of follow‐up. Our results may be explained either by a reduction in PD risk through moderate to vigorous activity, or by decreased baseline recreational activity due to preclinical PD. © 2007 Movement Disorder Society
Multidimensional liquid phase protein separations in conjunction with stable isotope labelling for quantitative proteomics
Authors: Assiddiq Bobby F. , Williamson James C. , Snijders Ambrosius P. L. , Cook Ken , Dickman Mark J. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractA method for quantitative protein profiling has been developed utilising multidimensional liquid phase protein separations in conjunction with stable isotope labelling. This approach combines the advantages of high throughput, automated, reproducible protein separations with accurate protein quantitation performed in the mass spectrometer. Escherichia coli cells were grown in the presence and absence of the DNA methylation inhibitor 5‐Azacytidine on 14N and 15N enriched media. Protein separations were performed using ion exchange chromatography in the first dimension and RP capillary chromatography in the second dimension. UV absorbance measurements were used for the initial semiquantitative identification of differentially expressed proteins. Selected peaks from the mixed 15N/14N lysates were used for the accurate quantitation performed in the mass spectrometer using the ratios of the stable isotopes. Using this approach, a number of differentially expressed proteins have been identified. Moreover, this approach overcomes a number of caveats associated with multidimensional liquid phase protein separations, including the presence of multiple proteins present in a single chromatographic peak.
A sequential expression system for high‐throughput functional genomic analysis
Authors: Woodrow Kim A. , Swartz James R. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractA method employing sequential rounds of cell‐free protein synthesis (CFPS) was developed to identify gene products influencing the complex metabolic systems that result in protein accumulation and folding in vitro. The first round of CFPS creates an array of cell extracts individually enriched with a single gene product expressed in‐parallel from linear DNA expression templates (ETs). The cell extract is engineered to enhance template stability and to provide reaction conditions conducive for general protein activation. Following first‐round expression, linear templates are selectively degraded and a plasmid template for a reporter enzyme is added to initiate a subsequent round of protein expression. Reporter concentration and activity identify first‐round gene products that affect amino acid and nucleic acid stability, energy supply, protein expression, stability, and activation. This sequential CFPS system provides a unique format for the functional genomic identification of broadly diverse metabolic activities.