bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between frailty and hospital-related adverse events in older hospitalised patients: a systematic literature review protocol
Authors: Alotaibi Faris , Alshibani Abdullah , Banerjee Jay , Manktelow Brad 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionResearch indicates that older hospitalised individuals are more susceptible to hospital adverse events (AEs). Frailty is a syndrome marked by increased vulnerability, sudden and severe health changes and the risk of adverse outcomes. The majority of the available research puts a limited emphasis on those who live with frailty and examines the relationship between age alone and the occurrence of AEs. This review investigates the association between frailty and the likelihood of hospital AE occurrences in hospitalised older patients.Methods and analysisThe proposed systematic review will search Ovid MEDLINE, CINAHL, Scopus and Web of Science databases. Studies that published original data in English using any methodology will be included. A manual search of the final included studies reference list will be made to identify studies that meet the inclusion criteria. If feasible, a meta-analysis will be conducted using the R statistical programme, and results will be visually presented using a forest plot. If there is high heterogeneity and a meta-analysis is not feasible, a narrative synthesis and analysis guided by Cochrane criteria will be conducted, and results will be presented in appropriate tables and figures.Ethics and disseminationNo ethical approval will be obtained for this review since it will use secondary published data. The systematic review’s results will be published in a peer-reviewed frailty and geriatrics care-related journal and disseminated in conferences, congresses and scientific meetings.
Some Results on Approximability of Minimum Sum Vertex Cover
Authors: Stankovic Aleksa 
Published: February 2025

We study the Minimum Sum Vertex Cover problem, which asks for an ordering of vertices in a graph that minimizes the total cover time of edges. In particular,
n
vertices of the graph are visited according to an ordering, and for each edge this induces the first time it is covered. The goal of the problem is to find the ordering that minimizes the sum of the cover times over all edges in the graph.

In this work we give the first explicit hardness of approximation result for Minimum Sum Vertex Cover. In particular, assuming the Unique Games Conjecture, we show that the Minimum Sum Vertex Cover problem cannot be approximated within 1.0748. The best approximation ratio for Minimum Sum Vertex Cover as of now is 16/9, due to a recent work of Bansal, Batra, Farhadi, and Tetali.
We also study the Minimum Sum Vertex Cover problem on regular graphs. In particular, we show that in this case the problem is hard to approximate within 1.0157. We also revisit an approximation algorithm for regular graphs outlined in the work of Feige, Lovász, and Tetali, to show that Minimum Sum Vertex Cover can be approximated within 1.225 on regular graphs.
Role of α1 adrenergic receptors in the cerebral cortical blood flow response to acute hypoxia in low and high altitude near-term fetal lambs
Authors: Bierwirth Jacqueline , Tan John B. , Mendez Bobby , Zhang Lubo , Schroeder Hobe , Liu Taiming , Power Gordon G. , Blood Arlin B. 
Published: February 2025

Fetal cerebral blood flow increases in response to acute hypoxia, mediated in part by an adrenergic α1 receptor (α1-R)-mediated increase in peripheral vascular resistance that redirects cardiac output to the brain. Activation of cerebral α1-R may attenuate the increase in cerebral blood flow during hypoxia, and this effect may be even greater in fetuses exposed to chronic high-altitude hypoxia, previously shown to increase the contractile function of cerebral artery α1-Rs. We hypothesized that α1-R activation in the fetal sheep brain attenuates increases in cerebral blood flow during acute hypoxia and that this effect would be accentuated in fetuses exposed to chronic hypoxia. Near-term fetal sheep gestated at low or high altitude (3801 m) were instrumented chronically for measurement of mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), cerebral cortical blood flow (CBF), and cortical vascular resistance (CVR). Responses to acute hypoxia were then measured in the presence and absence of prazosin (α1-R antagonist). Prazosin infusion resulted in a decrease in baseline MAP and CBF. During acute hypoxia, CBF increased by only 14±6% above baseline in the prazosin group, compared to 28±9% in the vehicle group (Fig. 1), with no significant difference in CVR in either group. Similar to the low altitude animals, prazosin did not significantly alter the CBF or CVR response to acute hypoxia, nor recovery following acute hypoxia, in the high altitude fetuses. We conclude that cortical α1-Rs neither attenuate increased CBF during acute hypoxia, nor mediate the cortical vasoconstriction that occurs in recovery from acute hypoxia.
Results of the phase I/II study and preliminary B cell gene signature of combined inhibition of glutamine metabolism and EGFR in colorectal cancer
Authors: Ciombor Kristen K. , Bae Seong-Woo , Whisenant Jennifer G. , Ayers Gregory D. , Sheng Quanhu , Peterson Todd E. , Smith Gary T. , Lin Kangyu , Chowdhury Saikat , Kanikarla Marie Preeti , Sorokin Alexey , Cohen Allison S. , Goff Laura W. , Cardin Dana B. , Shen John Paul , Kopetz Scott , Eng Cathy , Shyr Yu , Berlin Jordan , Manning H. Charles 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Purpose: EGFR-targeting monoclonal antibodies are essential for managing RAS WT metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), but their limited efficacy necessitates exploring immunological and metabolic factors influencing response. This study evaluated glutamine metabolism targeting with EGFR inhibition to identify response biomarkers in patients with prior anti-EGFR treatment progression. Experimental Design: We conducted a phase I/II trial in KRAS WT mCRC patients, combining panitumumab and CB-839, hypothesizing that dual inhibition of glutamine metabolism and MAPK signaling would enhance outcomes. As study correlatives, we investigated the B cell activation signature ‘Bscore’ and glutamine PET as potential treatment response biomarkers. Results: The combination of panitumumab and CB-839 was tolerable with manageable side effects, including Grade 4 hypomagnesemia in four patients, a known panitumumab-related event. Two patients achieved partial response (PR), and five had stable disease (SD), with a 41% disease control rate (DCR). Median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 1.84 and 8.87 months, respectively. A positive correlation between ‘Bscore’ and lesion size reduction suggested its association with clinical benefit (PR and SD). Lower ‘Bscore’ correlated with greater tumor avidity for glutamine by PET, indicating B cell activation sensitivity to glutamine depletion. Conclusions: The combination of CB-839 and panitumumab showed safety and promising preliminary responses, but the study closed early due to CB-839 development termination. The B cell activation signature ‘Bscore’ emerged as a potential biomarker for EGFR and glutaminase inhibition in mCRC, warranting further studies. These findings suggest opportunities to improve immune response and therapies in glutaminolysis-dependent tumors.
Apresentação do Dossiê
Authors: Souza Rafael de , Alves Fillipe , Perez Olivia Cristina 
Published: February 2025

Apresentação do dossi´´ê
Para Além do Centro: Atores Coletivos Periféricos, Movimentos Sociais e Territórios Marginais na Política de Confronto Pós-Junho de 2013
Comparing Phenotypes for Acute and Long-Term Response to Atrial Fibrillation Ablation Using Machine Learning
Authors: Ganesan Prasanth , Pedron Maxime , Feng Ruibin , Rogers Albert J. , Deb Brototo , Chang Hui Ju , Ruiperez-Campillo Samuel , Srivastava Viren , Brennan Kelly A. , Giles Wayne R. , Baykaner Tina , Clopton Paul , Wang Paul J. , Schotten Ulrich , Krummen David E. , Narayan Sanjiv M. 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND:
It is difficult to identify patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) most likely to respond to ablation. While any arrhythmia patient may recur after acutely successful ablation, AF is unusual in that patients may have long-term arrhythmia freedom despite a lack of acute success. We hypothesized that acute and chronic AF ablation outcomes may reflect distinct physiology and used machine learning of multimodal data to identify their phenotypes.

METHODS:
We studied 561 consecutive patients in the Stanford AF ablation registry (66±10 years, 28% women, 67% nonparoxysmal), from whom we extracted 72 data features of electrograms, electrocardiogram, cardiac structure, lifestyle, and clinical variables. We compared 6 machine learning models to predict acute and long-term end points after ablation and used Shapley explainability analysis to contrast phenotypes. We validated our results in an independent external population of n=77 patients with AF.

RESULTS:

The 1-year success rate was 69.5%, and the acute termination rate was 49.6%, which correlated poorly on a patient-by-patient basis (φ coefficient=0.08). The best model for acute termination (area under the curve=0.86, Random Forest) was more predictive than for long-term outcomes (area under the curve=0.67, logistic regression;
P
<0.001). Phenotypes for long-term success reflected clinical and lifestyle features, while phenotypes for AF termination reflected electrical features. The need for AF induction predicted both phenotypes. The external validation cohort showed similar results (area under the curve=0.81 and 0.64, respectively) with similar phenotypes.

CONCLUSIONS:
Long-term and acute responses to AF ablation reflect distinct clinical and electrical physiology, respectively. This de-linking of phenotypes raises the question of whether long-term success operates through factors such as attenuated AF progression. There remains an urgent need to develop procedural predictors of long-term AF ablation success.
Diagnostic Study of Seasonal Prediction of Malaria: A Case Study in Senegal, West Africa
Authors: Diouf Ibrahima , Barry Mamadou Baïlo , Diakhaté Moussa , Fall Papa , Senghor Habib 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study aims to improve malaria predictability in Senegal using sea surface temperatures (SSTs) data. It assesses malaria predictability during the September to November period using Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA) and two malaria models: the Liverpool Malaria Model (LMM) and the VECtor-borne disease community TRIeste (VECTRI). Both models use CPC gridded global air temperature (CPC) and African Rainfall Climatology Version 2 (ARC2). SSTs predictors from the Extended Reconstructed SST version 5 (ERSSTv5) and the North American Multi-Model Ensemble (NMME) are incorporated. The study compares observed malaria data from the National Malaria Control Program in Senegal (PNLP) with VECTRI model outputs, validating the models against real-world malaria cases. Focusing on the tropical Pacific (TROP_PAC), Gulf of Guinea (GG), and tropical Atlantic (TROP_ATL) ocean basins, which influence the West African monsoon and malaria outbreaks, the research covers 1982 to 2010. Negative SST anomalies in TROP_PAC correlate with increased malaria transmission due to increased rainfall, while a dipole pattern in TROP_ATL corresponds to decreased malaria transmission in Senegal. The study finds a strong correlation, with a coefficient of 0.7 for TROP_PAC SSTs five months in advance and significant correlation scores nearing 0.6 for TROP_ATL with a five-month lead time. Furthermore, the study identifies significant lagged correlations in parts of the Indian Ocean, suggesting its potential influence on West African rainfall during the JAS season. This finding underscores the complex interactions between oceanic basins, indicating that variations in the Indian Ocean can also affect West African rainfall and, indirectly, malaria incidence by interacting with Pacific Ocean influences. These findings provide valuable insights for planning malaria prevention and control initiatives in Senegal, improving public health strategies. The research faced challenges due to complex data and limited existing research.
Evaluating Current Statistical and Dynamical Forecasting Techniques for Seasonal Coastal Sea Level Prediction
Authors: Long Xiaoyu , Newman Matthew , Shin Sang-Ik , Balmeseda Magdelena , Callahan John , Dusek Gregory , Jia Liwei , Kirtman Benjamin , Krasting John , Lee Cameron C. , Lee Tong , Sweet William , Wang Ou , Wang Yan , Widlansky Matthew J. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The need for skillful seasonal prediction of coastal sea level anomalies (SLAs) has become increasingly evident as climate change has increased coastal flooding risks. Here, we evaluate nine current forecast systems by calculating deterministic and probabilistic skill from their retrospective forecasts (“hindcasts”) over 1995-2015, for lead times up to 6-9 months, at two United States tide gauge stations (Charleston, SC and San Diego, CA). Additionally, we assess local skill enhancement by two post-processing/downscaling techniques: an observationally-based multivariate linear regression and a hybrid dynamical approach convolving sea-level sensitivity to surface forcings with predicted surface forcing variations. All these approaches face challenges stemming from whether modeled SLAs sufficiently represent observed local coastal SLA variations because of ocean model limitations and inadequacies in model initialization and ensemble spread. Some of these issues also complicate the ability of the post-processing techniques to improve probabilistic skill, even though they do somewhat improve deterministic skill. In general, deterministic hindcast skill is considerably higher for San Diego than Charleston, as expected from the stronger influence of ENSO. However, ensemble spread metrics such as forecast reliability and sharpness remain low for both locations, highlighting model deficiencies in representing uncertainty. Additionally, evaluating how well any technique predicts seasonal coastal sea level variations is complicated by the forced trend component, particularly how it is estimated. Moreover, model skill is matched by a stochastically-forced multivariate linear prediction model constructed from observations, suggesting that substantial improvement remains for predicting coastal seasonal SLAs, which could also include leveraging other predicted fields, including sea level pressure and prevailing winds.
The impact of a ninth-century Jewish physician on North African and European medical culture: Isaac al-Israelī
Authors: Yıldız Firdevs 
Published: February 2025

Isaac al-Israelī (died early ninth century AD) was a Jewish physician. He is known for writing important works in many different fields such as medicine, philosophy, pharmacology, botany, and Jewish theology. He was a court physician as the chief physician during the rule of the Aghlebids and Fatimids in North Africa. He ensured the systematization and institutionalization of the first medical school established in Qayrawān under the name of Bayt al-Hikma. Israelī was considered an authority in the field of medicine in Qayrawān and is known for his major works in this field. Many of his works were translated into Latin, Hebrew, English and Spanish over time and were first translated into Latin by Constantinus Africanus (died 1082 AD) in 1082. Thanks to these translations, Israel's medical works reached Europe via Sicily and were used as textbooks in the medical school of Salerno (The Schola Medica Salernitana). Moreover, his works continued to be taught with interest in many European universities until the 17th century. In this study, the contributions of a Jewish scholar who continued his medical career in the Islamic development of medicine in North Africa, and in the establishment of a medical school there.
How responsible leadership affects employees’ turnover intention in China: A psychological contract perspective
Authors: Han Zhiyong , Wang Dan , Cheng Yu , Shao Wei 
Published: February 2025

Background The current high rate of employee turnover has become a key factor affecting organizational stability and core competitiveness, which requires organizational leaders to work with a higher sense of responsibility. Although several studies have confirmed that responsible leadership (RL) negatively affects employees’ turnover intention, the specific mechanism of this effect has not been fully elucidated. Objective On the basis of the discrepancy model of psychological contract violation (PCV) and substitutes for leadership theory, this study aims to examine the indirect impact of RL on employees’ turnover intention through employees’ PCV and the moderating effect of organizational identification. Method We collected a sample of 389 employees from Chinese companies and used SPSS and Amos for confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), correlation analysis, and hypothesis testing. Results The findings show that RL can reduce employees’ turnover intention directly and by influencing employees’ PCV. Organizational identification negatively moderates the negative effect of RL on PCV and weakens the mediating effect of PCV in the relationship between RL and subordinates’ turnover intention. Conclusion This study reveals the intrinsic mechanism by which RL impacts employees’ turnover intention, providing theoretical support and practical experience for managers to set a learning example for employees and effectively suppress their turnover intention.
Brain-penetrant histone deacetylase inhibitor RG2833 improves spatial memory in females of an Alzheimer's disease rat model
Authors: Ndukwe Kelechi , Serrano Peter A , Rockwell Patricia , Xie Lei , Figueiredo-Pereira Maria E 
Published: February 2025

Background Nearly two-thirds of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients are women. Therapeutics for women are critical to lowering their elevated risk of developing this major cause of adult dementia. Moreover, targeting epigenetic processes such as histone acetylation that regulate multiple cellular pathways is advantageous given the multifactorial nature of AD. Histone acetylation takes part in memory consolidation, and its disruption is linked to AD. Objective Determine whether the investigational drug RG2833 has repurposing potential for AD. RG2833 is a histone deacetylase HDAC1/3 inhibitor that is orally bioavailable and permeates the blood-brain-barrier. Methods RG2833 effects were determined on cognition, transcriptome, and AD-like pathology in 11-month TgF344-AD female and male rats. Treatment started early in the course of pathology when therapeutic intervention is predicted to be most effective. Results RG2833-treatment of 11-month TgF344-AD rats: (1) Significantly improved hippocampal-dependent spatial memory in females but not males. (2) Upregulated expression of immediate early genes, such as Arc, Egr1 and c-Fos, and other genes involved in synaptic plasticity and memory consolidation in females. Remarkably, out of 17,168 genes analyzed for each sex, no significant changes in gene expression were detected in males at p < 0.05, false discovery rate <0.05, and fold-change equal or > 1.5. (3) Failed to improve amyloid beta accumulation and microgliosis in female and male TgF344-AD rats. Conclusions Our study highlights the potential of histone-modifying therapeutics such as RG2833 to improve cognitive behavior and drive the expression of immediate early, synaptic plasticity and memory consolidation genes, especially in female AD patients.
Evaluating the feasibility of a community-adapted multi-domain intervention for dementia prevention in older adults
Authors: Kuroda Yujiro , Fujita Kosuke , Sugimoto Taiki , Uchida Kazuaki , Yokoyama Yoko , Shimazu Taichi , Saito Junko , Arai Hidenori , Sakurai Takashi 
Published: February 2025

Background Dementia impacts individuals, families, and society, necessitating effective prevention strategies. Objective To evaluate the feasibility of a community-adapted multi-domain intervention for dementia prevention among older adults in Obu City, Japan and how uncertainties in implementing definitive trials can be reduced. Methods A 12-month one-arm intervention trial was conducted with 80 community-dwelling older adults aged 65–86 years from two district regions. The multi-domain intervention included physical exercise, nutrition guidance, cognitive training, social participation, and vascular risk management. The primary outcome was the continuation rate, defined as the proportion of participants attending >60% of classes from the initial assessment to 6 months. Secondary outcomes, such as fidelity, acceptability, and appropriateness, were assessed through qualitative and quantitative evaluations. Additionally, health outcomes, including cognitive function and overall lifestyle, were evaluated. Results The study achieved continuation rates of 75% and 76% at 6 and 12 months, respectively, indicating high feasibility. Participants showed high program acceptability (average acceptance score, 4.4 of 5). Fidelity was high regarding content coverage and duration, although the frequency and coverage varied between study sites. Cognitive function remained stable; food-diversity status improved significantly over the study period, though the absence of a control group limits causal interpretation of these changes. Conclusions The community-adapted multi-domain intervention for dementia prevention demonstrated high feasibility and acceptability among older adults. Our findings can help reduce uncertainties and support planning future definitive trials to evaluate the effectiveness of community-based dementia-prevention programs.
Barriers to dental providers’ use of a clinical decision support tool for pain management following tooth extractions
Authors: Mitchell Shannon Gwin , Gryczynski Jan , Worley Donald C. , Asche Stephen E. , Truitt Anjali R. , Rindal D. Brad 
Published: February 2025

Background De-implementing non-effective or even harmful practices in healthcare is sometimes necessary, as has been the case with opioid prescribing in dentistry over the past decade. One approach to practice transformation is to deploy clinical decision support (CDS) tools. This qualitative study examined barriers to CDS use as part of a cluster randomized trial that aimed to decrease opioid prescribing for pain management following tooth extractions across a large dental practice. Method Twenty dental providers who took part in the larger randomized trial were purposively selected to complete a semi-structured qualitative interview. Participants represented a broad range in terms of years of practice, dental specialization, and CDS use patterns. Interviews were conducted via Zoom, audio recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using a content analysis approach in ATLAS.ti following participation in the cluster randomized trial. Results Reasons for not using the CDS fell generally into two broad categories: unintentional (i.e., forgetting to use the CDS) and intentional. Providers who forgot to use the CDS after training and implementation either were not sure where to look for the alert on the screen or did not remember to look for it because its use was never incorporated into their workflow. Reasons for deciding not to use the CDS included feeling that it slowed down their workflow, thinking that the information it provided would not be useful, and not trusting the functionality of the system. Conclusions There were numerous, interdependent human, organizational, and technological factors that influenced the intentionally and unintentionally low CDS use rates observed in the study. Findings highlight issues to be aware of and address in future implementation efforts that utilize CDS. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov NCT03584789.