bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wearable mobile health device for monitoring postoperative ambulation among patients with colorectal cancer undergoing minimally invasive surgery: A prospective comparison study
Authors: Liao Yu‐Tso , Chou Yun‐Jen , Wu Chia‐Tung , Liu Yu‐Hsin , Liang Jin‐Tung , Lai Feipei , Shun Shiow‐Ching 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of using mHealth devices for monitoring postoperative ambulation among patients with colorectal cancer undergoing minimally invasive surgery (MIS).MethodsPatients with colorectal cancer undergoing MIS were prospectively recruited to wear mHealth devices for recording postoperative ambulation between October 2018 and January 2021. The primary outcome was the compliance by evaluating the weekly submission rate of step counts. The secondary outcome was the association of weekly step counts and postoperative length of stay.ResultsOf 107 eligible patients, 53 patients wore mHealth devices, whereas 54 patients did not. The average weekly submission rate was 72.6% for the first month after surgery. The total step counts <4000 or >10 000 in the postoperative week one were negatively associated with postoperative length of stay (β = −2.874, p = 0.038).ConclusionsmHealth devices provide an objective assessment of postoperative ambulation among patients with colorectal cancer undergoing MIS.Clinical trial registrationNCT03277235.
Phenanthroline Derived N‐Doped Carbon Dots as Robust Metal‐Free Photocatalysts for PET‐RAFT Polymerization and Polymerization‐Induced Self‐Assembly
Authors: Xiao Yang , Xia Zhinan , Hu Wanchao , Liu Bei , Lü Changli 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMetal‐free organic photocatalysts for photo‐mediated reversible deactivation radical polymerization (photo‐RDRP) are witnessed to make increasing advancement in the precise synthesis of polymers. However, challenges still exist in the development of high‐efficiency and environmentally sustainable carbon dots (CDs)‐based organocatalysts. Herein, N‐doped CDs derived from phenanthroline derivative (Aphen) are prepared as metal‐free photocatalysts for photoinduced electron transfer reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer (PET‐RAFT) polymerization. The introduction of phenanthroline structure enhances the excited state lifetime of CDs and expands the conjugated length of their internal structure to enable the light‐absorption to reach green light region, thereby enhancing photocatalytic activity. The as‐designed CDs exhibit unprecedented photocatalytic capacity in photopolymerization even in large‐volume reaction (100 mL) with high monomer conversion and narrow polymer dispersity (Mw/Mn < 1.20) under green light. The photocatalytic system is compatible with PET‐RAFT polymerization of numerous monomers and the production of high molecular weight polyacrylate (Mn >250 000) with exquisite spatiotemporal control. Above results confirm the potential of CDs as photocatalyst, which has not been achieved with other CDs catalysts used in photo‐RDRP. In addition, the construction of fluorescent polymer nanoparticles using CDs as both photocatalyst and phosphor through photoinitiated polymerization‐induced self‐assembly (Photo‐PISA) technology is successfully demonstrated for the first time.
Laser‐driven liquid assembly: Metal‐nanocluster‐decorated Ni(OH)2/nickel foam for efficient water electrolysis
Authors: Jeong Yujeong , Begildayeva Talshyn , Theerthagiri Jayaraman , Min Ahreum , Moon Cheol Joo , Kim Jangyun , Naik Shreyanka Shankar , Choi Myong Yong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHerein, an in situ approach of pulsed laser irradiation in liquids (PLIL) was exploited to create surface‐modified electrodes for eco‐friendly H2 fuel production via electrolysis. The surface of the nickel foam (NF) substrate was nondestructively modified in 1.0 mol/L KOH using PLIL, resulting in a highly reactive Ni(OH)2/NF. Moreover, single‐metal Ir, Ru, and Pd nanoclusters were introduced onto Ni(OH)2/NF via appropriate metal precursors. This simultaneous surface oxidation of the NF to Ni(OH)2 and decoration with reduced metallic nanoparticles during PLIL are advantageous for promoting hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and overall water splitting (OWS). The Ir‐Ni(OH)2/NF electrode demonstrates superior performance, achieving the lowest overpotentials at 10 mA/cm2 (η) with 74 mV (HER) and 268 mV (OER). The OWS using Ir‐Ni(OH)2/NF||Ir‐Ni(OH)2/NF cell demonstrated a low voltage of 1.592 V, reaching 10 mA/cm2 with notable stability of 72 h. Ir‐Ni(OH)2/NF performance is assigned to the improved defects and boosted intrinsic properties resulting from the synergy between metallic‐nanoparticles and the oxidized NF surface, which are positively influenced by PLIL.
Reconstructing the 3D Coordinates of Guest:Host OLED Blends with Single Atom Resolution
Authors: Packman Lachlan , Philippa Bronson , Pivrikas Almantas , Burn Paul L. , Gentle Ian R. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe performance of electronic and semiconductor devices is critically dependent on the distribution of guest molecules or atoms in a host matrix. One prominent example is that of organic light‐emitting diode (OLED) displays containing phosphorescent emitters, now ubiquitous in handheld devices and high‐end televisions. In such OLEDs the phosphorescent guest [normally an iridium(III)‐based complex] is typically blended into a host matrix, and charge injection and transport, exciton formation and decay, and hence overall device performance are governed by the distribution of the emissive guest in the host. Here high‐angle annular dark‐field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF‐STEM) is used with depth sectioning to reconstruct the 3D distribution of emissive iridium(III) complexes, fac‐tris(2‐phenylpyridine)iridium(III) [Ir(ppy)3], blended into the amorphous host material, tris(4‐carbazoyl‐9‐ylphenyl)amine (TCTA), by resolving the position of each single iridium(III) ion. It is found that most Ir(ppy)3 complexes are clustered with at least one other, even at low concentrations, and that for films of 20 wt.% Ir(ppy)3 essentially all the complexes are interconnected. The results validate the morphology of blend films created using molecular dynamics simulations which mimic the evaporation film‐forming process and are also consistent with the experimentally measured charge transport and photophysical properties.
Assembled RhRuFe Trimetallene for Water Electrolysis
Authors: Zhang Wenshu , Wang Kai , Lin Fangxu , Zhang Qinghua , Sun Yingjun , Luo Heng , Zhang Weiyu , Zhou Jinhui , Lv Fan , Wang Dawei , Gu Lin , Luo Mingchuan , Guo Shaojun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIndustrializing water electrolyzers demands better electrocatalysts, especially for the anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The prevailing OER catalysts are Ir or Ru‐based nanomaterials, however, they still suffer from insufficient stability. An alternative yet considerably less explored approach is to upgrade Rh, a known stable but moderately active element for OER electrocatalysis, via rational structural engineering. Herein, a precise synthesis of assembled RhRuFe trimetallenes (RhRuFe TMs) with an average thickness of 1 nm for boosting overall water splitting catalysis is reported. Favorable mass transport and optimized electronic structure collectively render RhRuFe TMs with an improved OER activity of an overpotential of 330 mV to deliver 10 mA cm−2, which is significantly lower than the Rh/C control (by 601 mV) and reported Rh‐based OER electrocatalysts. In particular, the RhRuFe TMs‐based water splitting devices can achieve the current density of 10 mA cm−2 at a low voltage of 1.63 V, which is among the best in the Rh‐based bifunctional catalysts for electrolyzers. The addition of Fe in RhRuFe TMs can modulate the strain/electron distribution of the multi‐alloy, which regulates the binding energies of H* and OH* in hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions for achieving the enhanced bifunctional OER and HER catalysis is further demonstrated.
Blood‐based assessment of oxidative stress, inflammation, endocrine and metabolic adaptations in eventing horses accounting for plasma volume shift after exercise
Authors: Giers Johanna , Bartel Alexander , Kirsch Katharina , Müller Simon Franz , Horstmann Stephanie , Gehlen Heidrun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundAfter submaximal exercise, blood values of eventing horses show physiological reactions.ObjectivesThis prospective longitudinal study investigated blood parameters in 20 elite eventing horses before and after two–four‐star cross‐country rides.MethodsUsing a mixed model adjusting for plasma volume shift, we assessed exercise‐dependent parameters and compared blood values with reference ranges for healthy horses at rest.ResultsFollowing exercise, cortisol, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) showed short‐term increases, and superoxide‐dismutase showed a small short‐term increase. Hepatic values showed short‐term (haemoglobin [HGB], globulins) or sustained increases (bilirubin, glutamate dehydrogenase, alanine aminotransferase). Digestion‐related parameters showed small short‐term increases (α‐amylase, triglycerides) or decreases (cholesterol, DGGR‐lipase), apparent through plasma shift adjustment. Zinc decreased in the short term, and iron showed a delayed decrease. White blood cell count increased persistently after training, whereas serum amyloid A remained unchanged.ConclusionsExercised eventing horses had consistently elevated HGB and cortisol levels 10 and 30 min after submaximal exercise, exceeding the reference ranges for healthy horses at rest. Exercise activates the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenocortical and hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axes. Antioxidant activity was observed. Increased energy requirements led to the mobilization of energy reserves, and a sustained increase in liver enzymes indicated hepatocellular injury. Mild haemolysis suggested increased muscle metabolism, whereas signs of inflammation were subtle. Further research is needed to identify which horses deviate from mean values.
Principles for a Case Study Approach to Social Tipping Points
Authors: Hodbod Jennifer , Milkoreit Manjana , Baggio Jacopo , Mathias Jean-Denis , Schoon Michael 
Published: March 2024

AbstractRecent interdisciplinary study has led to significant conceptual advances and a broad empirical evidence base for ecological and climate tipping points. However, the literature has yet to present convincing empirical case studies of social tipping, as the data-driven identification of social tipping points remains a challenge. Arguing that the barriers to such empirical research are largely methodological in nature, we develop methodological guidance to identify social tipping processes in social-ecological system case studies, based on four key elements—multiple stable states, self-reinforcing feedback dynamics, abruptness, and limited reversibility. We apply our approach to food system changes linked to the Flint Water Crisis between 2010 and 2020. We identify seven principles that can simultaneously serve as a seven-step process for social tipping point analysis in any social-ecological system. We highlight two major challenges: the limited availability of high quality, longitudinal social data, and the possibility that value-driven social processes tend to curb abruptness and non-linear change. Utilizing the seven principles to study historical, ongoing, or anticipated cases of social tipping processes could facilitate a deeper understanding of the conditions and limitations of non-linear social change and, therefore, inform efforts to facilitate change towards more sustainable futures.
Post-war Development Energy Scenarios for Ukraine
Authors: Lukash Olha , Namoniuk Vasyl 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe systemic shock provoked by the Russian invasion created a radical discontinuity in the national development policies of Ukraine. This research examines the state of energy policy and the consequences of the ongoing war on plausible decarbonisation scenarios. Ukraine’s commitment to decarbonization was firmly established before 2022, and the National Energy Strategy 2050 already aimed at a substantial 65% reduction in emissions of the economy in comparison to 1990. The war however, precipitated the need to adjust these targets and policy instrument to the current realities. For that, we conducted quantitative research to identify the most GHG intensive regions and sectors and related these to their Gross Regional Product and population. We found out that Zaporizhzhia, Dnipropetrovsk and Ivano-Frankivsk turn out be the most critical regions that require special consideration—so for the later region, we also identify particular decarbonization pathways. Our research shows that the Ukrainian war not only unveiled the inherent vulnerabilities of heavily centralised, carbon-dependent systems, but also can lead to the acceleration of non-linear structural low-carbon energy transformations more resilient to global change and systemic interdependences.
Exploring Transition in Coal- and Carbon-Intensive Regions Through an Interdisciplinary Lens
Authors: Mangalagiu Diana , Lieu Jenny , Biddau Fulvio , Lilliestam Johan , Veland Siri , Sarrica Mauro , Martinez-Reyes Amanda , Mey Franziska , Mandel Antoine 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis chapter introduces an interdisciplinary perspective to investigate the transition process and to identify empirical evidence of social-ecological tipping points (SETPs) in the case studies on coal and carbon intensive regions (CCIRs) analyzed in the project TIPPING+. The interdisciplinary lens considers different modes of thought, frameworks, and multiple perspectives and interests from diverse stakeholders, a systems’ understanding, and different culture considerations across the CCIRs. Within this interdisciplinary process, we applied various lenses to study the potential for SETPs by combining insights from human geography, social psychology, regional socio-technical systems, and political economy perspectives on the phases of low carbon transitions and on the justice component of the transitions. Subsequently, this chapter gives an overview of how the eight CCIRs case studies in this book have applied various interdisciplinary lenses to investigate the regional transition and the emergence of SETPs.
Realizing Alternative Energy Futures: From the Promise of a Petroleum Future to Imagining Lofoten as the Green Islands
Authors: Sveinsdóttir Anna G. , Dale Brigt 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis chapter examines the 20-year-long oil dispute in Lofoten and the decision to deviate from oil and gas development in the region. Our objectives are three-fold: (1) to better understand how carbon-intensive development pathways can rapidly shift towards decarbonization, (2) to yield insights into how alternative narratives about the future materialize in historically pro-carbon contexts such as Norway, and (3) examining to which extent we can identify and assess potential social tipping events that impacted the decision to deviate from oil and gas development in Lofoten. Drawing on a qualitative framework, we address our objectives by identifying and assessing important events between 2000–2020 that impacted the decision to halt plans for oil and gas development and by examining how alternative visions of an oil free Lofoten emerged and took shape over the last two decades. We argue that the fact that the Lofoten regions remains closed to petroleum development is unusual given the significance of petroleum production to the Norwegian economy and the dominant logic of the Norwegian resource regime. Examining the Lofoten case thus yields insights into conditions and interventions that can both unsettle fossil fuel energy systems and foster lasting transformation towards less-carbon intensive emissions trajectories.
String thermodynamics in and out of equilibrium: Boltzmann equations and random walks
Authors: Frey Andrew R. , Mahanta Ratul , Maharana Anshuman , Muia Francesco , Quevedo Fernando , Villa Gonzalo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We revisit the study of string theory close to the Hagedorn temperature with the aim towards cosmological applications. We consider interactions of open and closed strings in a gas of Dp-branes, and/or one isolated Dp-brane, in an arbitrary number d of flat non-compact dimensions and general compact dimensions. Leading order string perturbation theory is used to obtain the basic interaction rates in a flat background, which are shown to be consistent with the random walk picture of highly excited strings that should apply in more general backgrounds. Using the random walk interpretation we infer the structure of more general semi-inclusive string scattering rates and then write down the corresponding Boltzmann equations describing ensembles of highly excited closed and open strings. We organise the interaction terms in Boltzmann equations so that detailed balance becomes manifest. We obtain the equilibrium solutions and show that they reduce to previously computed solutions for d = 0. We further study the behaviour of non-equilibrium fluctuations and find explicit analytic expressions for the equilibration rates (and for the number of open strings in d = 0). Potential implications for an early universe with strings at high temperatures are outlined.
Probing light quark Yukawa couplings through angularity distributions in Higgs boson decay
Authors: Yan Bin , Lee Christopher 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We propose to utilize angularity distributions in Higgs boson decay to probe light quark Yukawa couplings at e+e− colliders. Angularities τa are a class of 2-jet event shapes with variable and tunable sensitivity to the distribution of radiation in hadronic jets in the final state. Using soft-collinear effective theory (SCET), we present a prediction of angularity distributions from Higgs decaying to quark and gluon states at e+e− colliders to NNLL + 𝒪(αs) accuracy. Due to the different color structures in quark and gluon jets, the angularity distributions from H → $$q\overline{q }$$ and H → gg show different behaviors and can be used to constrain the light quark Yukawa couplings. We show that the upper limit of light quark Yukawa couplings could be probed to the level of ~ 15% of the bottom quark Yukawa coupling in the Standard Model in a conservative analysis window far away from nonperturbative effects and other uncertainties; the limit can be pushed to ≲ 7 – 9% with better control of the nonperturbative effects especially on gluon angularity distributions and/or with multiple angularities.
$${M}_{{W}_{R}}$$ dependence of leptogenesis in minimal Left-Right Symmetric Model with different strengths of Type-II seesaw mass
Authors: Kakoti Ankita , Das Mrinal Kumar 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Left Right Symmetric Model (LRSM) being an extension of the Standard model of particle physics incorporates within itself Type-I and Type-II seesaw mass terms naturally. Both the mass terms can have significant amount of contribution to the resulting light neutrino mass within the model and hence on the different phenomenology associated within. In this paper, we have thoroughly analyzed and discussed the implications of specifying different weightages to both the mass terms and also the study has been carried out for different values of $${M}_{{W}_{R}}$$ which is mass of the right-handed gauge boson. This paper also gives a deeper insight into the new physics contributions of Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay (0νββ) and their variations with the net baryon asymmetry arising out of the model. Therefore, the main objective of the present paper rests on investigating the implications of imposing different weightage to the type-I and type-II seesaw terms and different values of $${M}_{{W}_{R}}$$ on the new physics contributions of 0νββ and net baryon asymmetry arising out as a result of resonant leptogenesis. LRSM in this work has been realized using modular group of level 3, Γ(3) which is isomorphic to non-abelian discrete symmetry group A4, the advantage being the non-requirement of flavons within the model and hence maintaining the minimality of the model.
On the renormalization of Poincaré gauge theories
Authors: Melichev Oleg , Percacci Roberto 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Poincaré Gauge Theories are a class of Metric-Affine Gravity theories with a metric-compatible (i.e. Lorentz) connection and with an action quadratic in curvature and torsion. We perform an explicit one-loop calculation starting with a single term of each type and show that not only are all other terms generated, but also many others. In our particular model all terms containing torsion are redundant and can be eliminated by field redefinitions, but there remains a new term quadratic in curvature, making the model non-renormalizable. We discuss the likely behavior of more general theories of this type.
Schlafverhalten von Personen nach Implantation einer inversen Schulterprothese im Vergleich zu einer gesunden Kontrollgruppe
Authors: Manser Melanie , Zdravkovic Vilijam , Traber Eliane , Erlacher Daniel , Jost Bernhard 
Published: March 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Personen mit Schulterpathologien berichten häufig über Schlafprobleme. Die Verbesserung der Schlafqualität ist ein Behandlungsziel der Schulterendoprothetik. Bisher ist unklar, ob veränderte Anatomie und Biomechanik bei inversen Schultertotalprothesen die Schlafqualität längerfristig beeinflussen. Zu einer zuverlässigen Einschätzung führt nebst subjektiver Bewertung die Erhebung von objektiven Schlafparametern. Mithilfe der Aktigraphie werden Körperbewegungen registriert und in aktive und inaktive Phasen eingeteilt. Dank der validen Übereinstimmung mit Wach- und Schlafphasen gelingt die Berechnung der objektiven Schlafparameter.

Ziel der Arbeit
Ziele der Studie waren zu untersuchen, ob sich objektive Schlafparameter bei Personen mit inverser Schultertotalprothese („reverse total shoulder arthroplasty“ [RTSA]) ab einem Jahr postoperativ im Vergleich zu einer gesunden Kontrollgruppe unterscheiden und was die Gründe dafür sind.

Material und Methoden
Die vorliegende Arbeit ist eine explorative Querschnittsstudie mit einem Messzeitpunkt. 29 Studienteilnehmende (15 RTSA-Gruppe, 14 Kontrollgruppe) erhoben während 7 Nächten mithilfe der Aktigraphie objektive Schlafparameter und Daten zur Körperlage. Der Mann-Whitney-U-Test wurde für den Mittelwertvergleich der Schlafparameter verwendet. Gründe für die Wachphasen wurden explorativ untersucht.

Ergebnisse und Diskussion
Die Gruppen zeigten bei allen objektiven Schlafparametern keine signifikanten Unterschiede mit einer nahezu identischen Schlafeffizienz (p = 0,978). Die RTSA-Gruppe lag zu 11 % auf der operierten Seite und zu 65 % auf dem Rücken. Dies ist im Vergleich zur Kontrollgruppe mit 45 % Rückenlage knapp über dem Signifikanzniveau (p = 0,056). Das vermehrte Einnehmen der Rückenlage könnte atembezogene Schlafstörungen fördern und bedarf weiterer Forschung.

Graphic abstract