bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydrogen ion dynamics and cancer: An appraisal
Authors: Harguindey S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe concentration of hydrogen ions plays a critical role in all biochemical processes, including multiple enzymatic reactions, and in the regulation of metabolism. The acid‐base aspects of metabolism as applied to cancer are considered. Preliminary data are presented. The primary concept of hydrogen ion dynamics is related to prevention, development, and etiology of carcinogenicity, as well as to the regression of certain malignant tumors. The present overview summarizes, in terms of H+ dynamics, many related concepts in oncologic research and associates and integrates a variety of basic and clinical observations toward better understanding of cancer cell behavior, biology, and host‐tumor relationships.
Induction of neuroblastoma maturation by a new chemotherapy protocol
Authors: Raaf John H. , Cangir Ayten , Luna Mario 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFive patients, 1.5 to 9 years old, were treated at M.D. Anderson Hospital for Stage III or IV neuroblastoma. Each was entered into a chemotherapy protocol which included cyclophosphamide, vincristine, 5‐trifluoromethyl‐2′‐deoxyuridine (F3TdR), and papaverine, and each responded with marked reduction in size of the abdominal tumor mass. All patients then underwent exploratory laparotomy and resection or biopsy of residual tumor. In three cases, histological examination of the treated tumor showed ganglioneuroblastoma with predominance of mature cells; one patient had a mature ganglioneuroma, whereas only necrotic tissue was obtained from the fifth patient. These findings support the hypothesis that this chemotherapy protocol can induce neuroblastoma maturation.
Adolescent adjustment to amputation
Authors: Boyle Michele , Tebbi Cameron K. , Mindell Eugene R. , Mettlin Curtis J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe investigated the psychological effects of amputation on adolescent patients by interviewing 27 persons who had a limb amputation because of cancer during their adolescence and compared them to data obtained from eight patients with amputations due to trauma at similar ages. In cancer patients, mobility‐related activities and social matters including relations with peers and the opposite sex and self‐consciousness were of paramount concern. All cancer patients considered themselves functionally independent and 67% had little or no concern for the future. While malignancy and amputation had a significant impact on the patients' lives, the vast majority had a positive view of life and 85% were found to have what we assessed as adequate overall adjustment. Individual variables examined included marital and child‐bearing patterns, educational attainments, vocational attainments, perceived parental and peer support, adaptation to prosthesis, and variables relating to general outlook on life and psychological adjustment. Our results suggest that the patients who have had amputations due to malignancy differ from traumatic amputees in their adjustment to amputation, with cancer patients showing, in many instances, evidence of better adaptation to disability. This may in part be due to different backgrounds and social orientation of traumatic amputees. We found the majority of cancer amputees to adjust well to their circumstances and to report leading full and productive lives.
Immune evaluation of 50 children with neuroblastoma at onset
Authors: Rosanda Cristina , De Bernardi Bruno , Pasino Mirella , Bisogni Maria Cristina , Maggio Angelo , Haupt Riccardo , Tonini Gian Paolo , Ponzoni Mirco 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSeveral studies document the importance of immunity in the host‐tumor relationship in neuroblastoma patients, evidentiating a correlation between clinical compromission and immune impairment.In this study we evaluated some aspects of cellular and humoral immune capacity in 50 neuroblastoma patients at onset. The aim of this investigation was to define, if any, the common immune pattern of these patients, and to evidentiate a possible correlation with prognosis.Immune tests performed were serum immunoglobulin quantitation, absolute value of total T and B lymphocytes, and lymphocyte reactivity to phytohemagglutinin (PHA), Concanavalin A (ConA), and Pokeweed mitogen (PWM). In patients with localized or regional disease, diminished values of lymphocytes were observed in 4/16 cases, a datum highly correlated to a poor final outcome (P <0.01). Mitogen response and serum immunoglobulin levels were frequently altered, but no prognostic value was evidentiated.Thirty‐one children with disseminated disease presented more frequent and extended abnormalities: No parameter was found to correlate with prognosis, except for an impaired PHA response that paradoxically assumed a favourable prognostic meaning.Our results suggest that only the total lymphocyte number can contribute to predict the survival ratio in patients with regional disease.
Congenital primitive neuroectodermal tumor (neuroepithelioma) of the chest wall
Authors: Das Lakshmi , Chang Chung‐Ho , Cushing Barbara , Jewell Patrick 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPrimitive neuroectodermal tumor (neuroepithelioma) is a relatively common central nervous system tumor in children. Those arising from a peripheral nerve are extremely rare in childhood. There is only one reported case in a 6‐year‐old where the tumor arose from the sciatic nerve. A case of neuroectodermal tumor of the chest wall, arising from the intercostal nerve, in a newborn is presented. The tumor metastasized to the brain. Prominent Homer‐Wright rosettes, with central eosinophilic fibrillar substance similar to that seen in neuroepithelioma of the central nervous system, were present in the primary tumor and brain metastases. Ultrastructure, as revealed by transmission electron microscopy, is also described.
Late recurrence of wilms tumor
Authors: Clausen Niels 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThree patients with Wilms tumors recurring after nine years in an organized abdominal hematoma, after ten years in the lung, and after eleven years in the central nervous system, respectively, are presented. It is proposed that the nephroblastoma cells have survived in a latent or a very slowly growing state. The reactivation mechanisms are briefly discussed. A review of the literature indicates a rate of recurrence of nonmetastasizing Wilms tumors later than 24 months of 1.4‐3.9%.
Primary hepatic lymphoma: Two case reports and a review of the literature
Authors: Leahy Michael F. , Ibrahim Ezzeldin M. , Worth Ann J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis report describes the clinical and pathological features of two cases of primary hepatic lymphoma. Both cases presented with nonspecific symptoms and hepatomegaly. In each case the diagnosis was made at laparatomy. Both responded well to combination chemotherapy. Case 1 achieved a partial remission and Case 2 a complete remission. A review of the literature reveals only five cases of primary hepatic lymphoma; none of these had been successfully treated.
Intensive sequential chemotherapy with bleomycin, oncovin, mitomycin C, and methotrexate followed by adriamycin, cisplatin, and cyclosphosphamide in squamous cell cancer of the head and neck
Authors: Wheeler Richard H. , Baker Shan R. , Liepman Marcia K. , Ensminger William D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwenty‐six patients with advanced squamous cell cancer of the head and neck were treated with bleomycin, Oncovin, mitomycin C, and methotrexate (BOMM) for ten weeks. Partial and non responders then received adriamycin, cisplatin, and cyclophosphamide (APC) in a planned sequential program. The response rate to BOMM was 65% (19% complete remission, CR). The overall response rate to APC was 20%. Only three of eight nonresponders to BOMM could receive APC and none responded. Six of seven partial responders received APC and only one responded. One complete responder to BOMM received APC at relapse and attained a partial response. The major side effects of BOMM were mucositis and myelosuppression. Patients receiving methotrexate 60–72 hours following the bleomycin infusion had less myelo‐suppression than patients who were treated 36–42 hours after bleomycin. The toxicities with APC included nausea, vomiting, and myelosuppression. Including a prior series, a total of 45 patients have been treated with BOMMwith a 71% response rate (69% in previously irradiated patients). Twenty‐eight percent of previously treated patients achieved complete remission, and two of these patients are disease free at 31 and 37 months. Methotrexate dose‐rate alteration to low dose twice weekly followed by a single dose of oral leucovorin did not improve the complete or partial response rate when compared to weekly methotrexate administration. The complete remission rate and response duration were also not improved by the planned sequential use of this cisplatin‐containing regimen.
Renal cell carcinoma in children
Authors: Raney R. Beverly , Palmer Nigel , Sutow Wataru W. , Baum Edward , Ayala Alberto 
Published: February 2007

AbstractData from four pediatric hospitals concerning 20 children treated for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) from 1964‐1978 were reviewed. Median age of the patients (pts) was 11.8 years (range, 14 months‐19 years). Twelve were male and eight female; 17 were white and three black. Most patients presented with pain and hematuria with or without a palpable mass. An intrarenal tumor was detected at IV urography (17 pts), arteriography (2 pts), or at surgery (1 pt). Treatment consisted of nephrectomy in 15 pts, renal biopsy (4 pts), or no surgery (1 pt), followed by chemotherapy (5 pts), radiation therapy (1 pt), or both (7 pts). Ten pts died of distant metastases at a median of one year (range, 0.2 to two years) after diagnosis. The other 10 pts (50%) survive free of relapse at a median of 4 years (range, two to ten years) from diagnosis. Proportions surviving free of recurrent disease two or more years by National Wilms' Tumor Study (NWTS) Group were 5/5 in Group 1, 3/7 in Group 11, 1/3 in Group III, and 1/5 in Group IV; by age at diagnosis, 6/6 in those under 11 years old and 4/14 in those 11 or older; and by type of surgery, 10/15 who had nephrectomy and 0/5 with limited or no surgery. The data indicate that radiation and chemotherapy had only minor if any influences on relapse‐free survival. We conclude that (1) RCC in children is similar to its counterpart in adults; (2) RCC has a worse prognosis than Wilms' tumor except for the earliest stage; (3) nephrectomy alone is adequate treatment for Group I RCC, and (4) young age (< 11 years old) may be prognostically favorable.
Combination chemotherapy pneumonitis: A case report of possible synergistic toxicity
Authors: Goedert James J. , Smith Frederick P. , Tsou Edward , Weiss Raymond B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA woman with pancreatic cancer developed acute interstitial infiltrates while receiving modest doses of two potential pulmonary toxins, mitomycin‐C and chlorozotocin. Chemotherapy pneumonitis, confirmed by lung biopsy, responded dramatically to prednisone with negligible sequelae. Comparison with the doses in other reported cases suggested additive or synergistic toxicity between these two alkylating agents.
Treatment of adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia with adriamycin, vincristine, and prednisone
Authors: Aviles Agustin , Sinco Armando , Rivera Raul , Ambriz Raul , Herrera Jose G. , Pizzuto Javier 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAt the present time, it is possible to achieve up to a 95% complete remission in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia, using the combination of vincristine and prednisone. Nevertheless, it has not been possible to reproduce these results in the adult. For this reason, a third drug, in this case adriamycin in a low dose, was added to the vincristineprednisone combination in the treatment of adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Complete remission was achieved in 45 of the 50 patients (90%). The median duration of remission was 23 months and the median survival time in this group was 31 months. The complications were minimal and the tolerance was good. From the point of view of our results and others reported in the literature, we consider that the combination of vincristine, prednisone, and adriamycin is a useful method for induction of remission of adult ALL.
Neuroblastoma: Therapy for infants with good prognosis
Authors: Nitschke Ruprecht , Humphrey G. Bennett , Sexauer Charles L. , Smith E. Ide 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTherapy was designed to achieve a high cure rate and to prevent serious therapeutic side effects for 11 infants younger than one year old with neuroblastoma who had a favorable prognosis (Evans Stages I, II, III, and IV‐S). It consisted of surgery alone if the tumor was totally removed (one infant) and of surgery and low doses of cytoxan and vincristine for a period of 1 year if the tumor was incompletely removed (seven infants). In addition, radiation therapy was applied to unresected dumbbell tumors (three infants). All infants are alive without evidence of disease with the exception of one who died in an accident. The follow‐up time varies from 2‐8 years. The drug combination prevented recurrences in two infants whose tumor was reduced by surgery to less than 10% of the original size. In five infants, chemotherapy reduced the size of large residual tumor masses. Two of these masses were subsequently removed. The tumors of the three other infants recurred while on chemotherapy and were successfully eradicated by surgery or radiation therapy. Two infants were not treated according to this therapeutic plan. Although they had small residual masses after surgery, no chemotherapy was given. They are alive without recurrence of the disease 2 years or more after diagnosis. In summary, cure was achieved in these infants without intensive chemotherapy.
Two sensitive echocardiographic techniques for detecting doxorubicin toxicity
Authors: Goldberg Stanley J. , Hutter John J. , Feldman Linda , Goldberg Susan M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis investigation was designed to evaluate echoes of patients who received a course of doxorubicin (225‐550 mg/m2) by two sensitive indicators of myocardial fibrosis: (1) M‐mode scans of thickening‐thinning curves of the left ventricular posterior wall (LVPW), and (2) two‐dimensional qualitative evaluation of LVPW contraction at three levels of the LV short axis (leaflet, chordal, and papillary). These were compared to standard M‐mode shortening fraction Δ. Eighteen children with cancer were evaluated; 11 had received doxorubicin and 7 were treated with other agents. Echocardiographers were unaware of the treatment category. All controls and 10 of 11 doxorubicin patients had normal. An M‐mode echocardiogram of the expanded LVPW was digitized and wall thickness was evaluated by determining if diastolic relaxation had the normal two phases or only one; six of ten doxorubicin patients and no controls had abnormal relaxation. Qualitative evaluation of LVPW and septal contraction toward the center of the ventricle showed that seven of eleven patients who received doxorubicin and one control (a postthoracotomy patient) had contraction deficits. Six of seven with contraction deficit were the same patients with slowed relaxation. The greatest contraction deficit occurred in the LVPW behind the posterior mitral leaflet. Patients with more extensive involvement had an additional contraction deficit extending to the apex. These tests are more sensitive for detection of doxorubicin toxicity than Δ.
Early death in acute leukemia in children
Authors: Dearth James , Salter Merle , Wilson Edward , Kelly David , Crist William 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTherapy for acute leukemia in children has improved dramatically in recent years so that early death is rare. A subset of patients with extreme elevation of the WBC at diagnosis have been noted to have a higher rate of early death. We reviewed our experience with acute leukemia in children retrospectively over a 10 year period to assess the incidence and outcome of this problem. Nine early deaths occurred in a total of 185 cases (4.9%). One hundred and sixty patients presented with WBC less than 100,000/mm3 at diagnosis and four (2.5%) early deaths occurred. Twenty‐five patients presented with WBC greater than 100,000/mm3 at diagnosis and five (20%) early deaths occurred (p < 0.001). While early death in acute leukemia in children is uncommon (4.9%), patients with extremely elevated WBC at diagnosis have a significantly higher risk of early death.
Survival of children with cancer in torino, Italy
Authors: Magnani C. , Pastore G. , Cesana B. , Di Prima S. , Stalteri D. , Terracini B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractDuring 1967‐78, cancer was diagnosed in 870 children living in the Province of Torino. Survival until the end of 1978 is reported separately for cases diagnosed in 1967‐70, in 1971‐74, and in 1975‐78. Comparisons between the three series indicate a statistically significant (p < 0.05) increase in survival rates for children with leukemia and cancer of the central nervous system as well as a nonstatistically significant increase for children with lymphoma (both Hodgkin's and non‐Hodgkin's). No consistent changes in time were noticed for neuroblastomas, nephroblastomas, soft tissue sarcomas, and retinoblastomas. Survival rates for both types of lymphomas and for leukemias (at least for cases diagnosed after 1975) were very similar to corresponding population‐derived data from the U.S. and other Western countries. Rates for other cancers were relatively poor in the Province of Torino. It is suggested that relatively high care standards are easier to achieve in the case of childhood cancers requiring chemotherapy than in cancers commonly treated through radiotherapy and/or surgery.
Angiosarcoma of the heart: Report of a case in a 9‐year‐old boy
Authors: Marni Ernesto , Pedroni Elisa , Magrini Umberto , Mariani Paolo , Richichi Italo , Viganó Mario 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA 9‐year‐old boy with a myocardiac angiosarcoma is described; the tumor was diagnosed by echocardiography and the boy underwent surgery followed by radio and chemotherapy. Death occurred 5 months after surgery, probably due to abdominal hemorrhage from metastases. The young age of the patient, the acute and reversible hepatic damage, the use of echocardiography for diagnosis and the possible role of the extracorporeal circulation in determining the metastases are emphasized.
Morphologic changes in blast cells of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in relapse
Authors: Weinblatt Mark E. , Ortega Jorge A. , Kaplan Sophie 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRelapse in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) on therapy may be due to development of a resistant clone of blast cells. Seven children who presented initially with the ‘common’‐type, L1 lymphoblast relapsed with a morphologically different and more undifferentiated blast cell. All were male, with a median age of 12 years at initial presentation. One child who relapsed while off therapy was successfully reinduced and remains in hematologic remission on therapy. The remaining 6 children died within 10 months of relapse. Selection of a resistant clone of lymphoblasts by chemotherapy may be responsible for relapse in children with ALL and should be studied in hopes of controlling the disease.
Ovarian function after successful bone marrow transplantation in postmenarcheal females
Authors: Sklar Charles A. , Kim Tae H. , Williamson Jeffrey F. , Ramsay Norma K. C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOvarian function was followed serially in a group of six postmenarcheal females after successful bone marrow transplantation (BMT). The patients were between 13 9/12 and 22 6/12 (median 16 5/12) years of age at the time of BMT and were followed a median of 20 months (range 17‐45 months) posttransplantation. Two subjects received short‐term high‐dose cyclophosphamide combined with single‐dose total lymphoid irradiation (Group I), whereas the remaining four were treated with short‐term, high‐dose chemotherapy plus single‐dose total body irradiation (Group II). Group II subjects also received combination chemotherapy prior to BMT.One subject from Group I continues to have regular menses and normal gonadotropin levels, 36 months post‐BMT. The remaining five patients have demonstrated persistently elevated plasma concentrations of LH and FSH over a 17‐ to 45‐month period of time. None of the four patients in Group II has menstruated since undergoing BMT.We conclude that single‐dose radiation combined with short‐term, high‐dose chemotherapy results in profound ovarian damage in the majority of young women undergoing BMT.
Treatment of advanced ovarian carcinoma with hexamethylmelamine, doxorubicin, and cis‐platinum (HAC): Results in both untreated and previously treated patients
Authors: Brower Mark S. , Coleman Morton , Pasmantier Mark W. , Silver Richard T. , Mamaril Aurora P. , Quiguyan Cirila C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwenty‐two patients with advanced (FIGO stages III and IV) adenocarcinoma of the ovary were treated with 28‐day cycles of hexamethylmelamine, doxorubicin, and cis‐dichlorodiamine‐platinum (II) (HAC). After 45 months, there were 21 evaluable patients. The median survival was 16 months. Response was achieved in 82% (9/11) who had received no prior chemotheraphy, and in 50% (5/10) previously treated. HAC therapy was readily administered on an outpatient basis, with comparatively low major toxicities, primarily hematologic, neurologic, and gastrointestinal. These results indicate that HAC therapy is an effective regimen for patients with advanced ovarian carcinoma, regardless of their prior treatment status.
Pulmonary blastoma associated with cystic lesions in children
Authors: Holland‐Moritz Roxie M. , Heyn Ruth M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA 4‐year‐old boy had a pulmonary blastoma removed from the site of a persistent pulmonary cystic lesion present since 6 weeks of age. Bone metastasis appeared 4 months after diagnosis. Following radiation therapy to the bone and after 15 months of VAC chemotherapy, he developed further metastases which showed little response to adriamycin or radiation therapy. He died 2 years and 2 months after the initial operation. A review of other pulmonary blastomas associated with cystic lesions in children is presented.
Extracranial primitive neuroectodermal tumor
Authors: Womer Richard B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAn 11‐year‐old white girl was admitted to The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia in July 1983 for evaluation of metastatic tumor. She had been well until July 1982, when a mass developed over the right scapula. Treatment with warm compresses and antibiotics resulted in no improvement, and incision and drainage were unproductive. A biopsy at another hospital was interpreted as showing a primitive neuroectodermal tumor. There was no evidence of metastatic disease. She then underwent excision of the tumor with the underlying scapula. No further treatment was administered.