bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of bivariate DQMOM for nanoparticle processes simulation
Authors: Zucca Alessandro , Marchisio Daniele L. , Vanni Marco , Barresi Antonello A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSince it was first proposed, the direct quadrature method of moments (DQMOM) has been employed for the solution of population balance equations in a wide range of applications. One of its most interesting features is that it can be easily employed for the solution of multivariate population balances, which are often necessary to obtain complete information on the particle population under study. In addition, DQMOM can be easily implemented in computational fluid dynamic (CFD) codes, and requires low computational costs. A bivariate formulation of the population balance equation that is particularly suited for modeling nanoparticles formation in flames is presented. The use of DQMOM for the solution of bivariate population balances is explored in detail, and the method is validated by comparison with simulations carried out with a code based on Monte Carlo methods (MCM). Particular attention is devoted to the choice of the moments to be tracked in DQMOM, in order to obtain a stable algorithm and reliable and accurate results. Eventually the method is implemented in a commercial CFD code, and a real application is studied: soot nanoparticles formation in turbulent combustion processes. © 2007 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2007
Synthesis and characterization of pyridine‐containing poly(imide‐siloxane)s and their adhesion to copper foil
Authors: Ku Chun‐Kang , Ho Chang‐Hong , Chen Ting‐Shun , Lee Yu‐Der 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA series of pyridine‐containing poly(imide‐siloxane) (PIS) copolymers with different amounts of PDMS with various segmental lengths were synthesized from 2,6‐diaminopyridine (DAP), α,ω′‐aminopropylpoly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS), 1,3‐bis(4‐aminophenoxy)benzene (APB), and 4,4′‐oxydiphthalic dianhydride (ODPA). A modified synthetic approach was applied instead of approaches commonly reported in the literature, to ensure the incorporation of DAP and PDMS. The effects of the content and the segmental length of PDMS on the thermal glass transition temperature (Tg), dielectric constant, and surface electrical resistivity of the copolymer are investigated. The copolymers were attached to copper foil by hot‐pressing, and changes in wettability caused the peel strength of the laminates to increase with the PDMS content, but to decrease as the DAP content increased. Furthermore, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy was employed to determine the loci of failures (LOF) of the laminates and to monitor the movement of LOF, which varies with the PDMS content. For those laminates with good peel strengths, the LOF occur in the interior of PIS layer, indicating that the adhesion is cohesive rather than adhesive. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2007
Influence of montmorillonite on syndiotactic polymerization behavior of styrene
Authors: Yang Feng , Zhang Xuequan , Zhao Haichao , Dong Weimin , Huang Baotong 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe influence of montmorillonite (MMT) on the syndiotactic polymerization behavior of styrene was studied. To avoid the hydrophilic surface of the MMT coming into contact with the catalyst, which could poison it, SAN was introduced between the MMT and Cp*Ti (OCH3)3. MMT was introduced into the catalytic system as a supporter for the Ti catalyst (supported catalytic system) or just dispersed in the polymerization solvent directly (in situ polymerization system). The polymerization results showed that surface modification of MMT dramatically affected the catalytic activity as well as the syndiotacticity of the polymers. This is mainly explained by the insulator SAN preventing the formation of the inactive/little active species SiOTi and other atactic active species resulting from the reaction of the OH on the MMT layer surface with Cp*Ti(OCH3)3. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2007
Effect of the particle size of finishing chemicals on the color assessment of treated cotton fabrics
Authors: Güneşoğlu Cem , Kut Dilek , Orhan Mehmet 
Published: February 2007

AbstractColor change is one of the important side effects of textile treatments to consider. This article evaluates the effect of the particle size of commonly used finishing chemicals (fluorocarbon resins and dimethyloldihydroxylethylene urea reagents) on color assessment by studying instrumental analyses, and it is reported that the smaller the particle size is, the higher the surface reflectance is, and the less the color change can be achieved. On the other hand, the effect of the particle size is not significant on color assessment after abrading cycles. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2007
Chemiluminescence of the peroxomonosulphate–cobalt(II)–aliphatic monocarboxylic acids system
Authors: Wang Min , Zhao Lixia , Lin Jin‐Ming 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA weak chemiluminescence (CL) emission was observed due to the production of singlet oxygen (1O2) during the decomposition of peroxomonosulphate (HSO5−) catalysed by cobalt(II). Low molecular mass aliphatic monocarboxylic acids, such as formic, acetic, propionic, butyric and valeric acids, influenced the CL emission, and the reaction of aliphatic monocarboxylic acids with HSO5−/Co2+ solution was further investigated using a flow injection analysis (FIA) CL method. The results indicated that the CL intensities of aliphatic monocarboxylic acids were improved with increase in the carbon chain length in the potassium peroxomonosulphate–cobalt(II) sulphate system. Generation of singlet oxygen was confirmed by the fact that the CL emission of aliphatic monocarboxylic acids with the HSO5−/Co2+ solution was quenched by NaN3, and from the CL spectrum of the reaction system. Additionally, a possible mechanism of aliphatic monocarboxylic acids CL emission enhancement was proposed. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Enhanced cutinase production with Thermobifida fusca by two‐stage pH control strategy
Authors: Du Guo‐cheng , Zhang Shou‐liang , Hua Zhao‐zhe , Zhu Yang , Chen Jian 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA mutant of Thermobifida fusca ATCC 27730 was used for cutinase production. Acetate was the most suitable carbon source for cell growth and cutinase production compared with others. The pH was one of the most important factors affecting cutinase yield and productivity. Batch cutinase fermentations by mutant Thermobifida fusca WSH04 at various pH values ranging from 7.0 to 7.9 were studied. Based on the effects of different pH values on the specific cell growth rate and specific cutinase formation rate, a two‐stage pH control strategy was developed, in which the pH was set at 7.3 for the first 20 h, and switched to 7.6 afterwards. By applying this two‐stage pH control strategy for cutinase fermentation, the maximal cutinase activity reached 19.8 U/mL.
Thermodynamic analysis of conformational transitions in oligonucleotide complexes in presence of Na+and Mg2+ions, using “Staggering Zipper” model
Authors: Blagoi Yurii , Zozulya Victor , Egupov Sergey , Onishchenko Vladimir , Gladchenko Galina 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCurves of transitions in double (2→1 transition) and triple (3→2 transition) complexes of oligonucleotides dAN1with dTN2in solutions with Na+and Mg2+are calculated for the case of oligomer lengths from 10 to 500 nucleotides in the wide range of ion concentrations. The calculated curves of transitions and their differential analogs reflect rather exactly the position and form of experimental curves and describe dependences of transition temperatures on the length of molecules, their concentration, and ionic conditions. Values of the nucleation parameter β for the systems studied are determined by comparison of the calculated and experimental data obtained in a number of works. The average β value equal to 10−3l/mole is in an agreement with values reported for similar systems earlier. It is shown that disordering of duplex and triplex ends (“end fraying”) has an essential influence on the form of melting curves, their asymmetry and the increase of the transition interval. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 86: 32–41, 2007.This article was originally published online as an accepted preprint. The “Published Online” date corresponds to the preprint version. You can request a copy of the preprint by emailing the Biopolymers editorial office at biopolymers@wiley.com
Clinical anatomy of celiac artery compression syndrome: A review
Authors: Loukas Marios , Pinyard Jeremy , Vaid Sumreen , Kinsella Christopher , Tariq Afreen , Tubbs R. Shane 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAnatomic variations are often responsible for a variety of clinical conditions. In this review we investigate compression of the celiac artery and the superior mesenteric artery by the median arcuate ligament (MAL), diaphragmatic crura, or the celiac nerve plexus. This clinical condition known as celiac artery compression syndrome (CACS) has proven controversial in definition and relevance. This condition was first described as chronic abdominal pain because of the mesenteric ischemia caused by extrinsic compression of the celiac artery. Dunbar and others presented surgical approaches to decompress the celiac artery by releasing the MAL. Definitive answers have been sought to classify and relieve the clinical symptoms patients experience postprandially. Persistent symptoms following surgical treatment for CACS have led investigators to question the existence of this disease. Advances in technology such as angiographic MRI and color duplex ultrasonography have refreshed the importance of considering compression of the celiac artery during differential diagnoses. Because of the varying anatomic etiologies of disease, it is not possible to pinpoint a single cause for CACS. Potential etiologies for compression of the celiac artery include a “high take off” origin of the celiac artery compressed by normal diaphragmatic crura and MAL, a normal origin of the celiac artery with long diaphragmatic crura and MAL, large bilaterally fused celiac ganglia (with or without the involvement of the superior mesenteric ganglia) compressing the celiac trunk, celiacomesenteric trunk compression by diaphragmatic crura and MAL, or combinations of the above mentioned entities. In this review we describe potential sources of compression of the celiac artery by regional structures and treatments of CACS in an effort to justify the relevance of CACS in modern medicine. Clin. Anat. 20:612–617, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The Missing Link in COS Metabolism: A Model Study on the Reactivation of Carbonic Anhydrase from its Hydrosulfide Analogue
Authors: Notni Johannes , Schenk Stephan , Protoschill‐Krebs Gabi , Kesselmeier Jürgen , Anders Ernst 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCarbonic anhydrase (CA) is known to react with carbonyl sulfide, an atmospheric trace gas, whereby H2S is formed. It has been shown that, in the course of this reaction, the active catalyst, the His3ZnOH structural motif, is converted to its hydrosulfide form: His3ZnOH+COS→His3ZnSH+CO2. In this study, we elucidate the mechanism of reactivation of carbonic anhydrase (CA) from its hydrosulfide analogue by using density functional calculations, a model reaction and in vivo experimental investigation. The desulfuration occurs according to the overall equation His3ZnSH+H2O ⇌ His3ZnOH+H2S. The initial step is a protonation equilibrium at the zinc‐bound hydrosulfide. The hydrogen sulfide ligand thus formed is then replaced by a water molecule, which is subsequently deprotonated to yield the reactivated catalytic centre of CA. Such a mechanism is thought to enable a plant cell to expel H2S or rapidly metabolise it to cysteine via the cysteine synthase complex. The proposed mechanism of desulfuration of the hydrosulfide analogue of CA can thus be regarded as the missing link between COS consumption of plants and their sulfur metabolism.
Rare‐Earth Tricyanomelaminates [NH4]Ln[HC6N9]2[H2O]7⋅H2O (Ln=La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy): Structural Investigation, Solid‐State NMR Spectroscopy, and Photoluminescence
Authors: Nag Abanti , Lotsch Bettina V. , Schmedt auf der Günne Jörn , Oeckler Oliver , Schmidt Peter J. , Schnick Wolfgang 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe rare‐earth tricyanomelaminates, [NH4]Ln[HC6N9]2[H2O]7⋅H2O (LnTCM; Ln=La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy), have been synthesized through ion‐exchange reactions. They have been characterized by powder as well as single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis, vibrational spectroscopy, and solid‐state 1H, 13C, and 15N MAS NMR spectroscopy. The X‐ray powder pattern common to all nine rare‐earth tricyanomelaminates LnTCM (Ln=La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy) indicates that they are isostructural. The single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction pattern of LnTCM is indicative of non‐merohedral twinning. The crystals are triclinic and separation of the twin domains as well as refinement of the structure were successfully carried out in the space group P$\bar 1$ for LaTCM (LaTCM; P$\bar 1$, Z=2, a=7.1014(14), b=13.194(3), c=13.803(3) Å, α=90.11(3), β=77.85(3), γ=87.23(3)°, V=1262.8(4) Å3). In the crystal structure, each Ln3+ is surrounded by two nitrogen atoms from two crystallographically independent tricyanomelaminate moieties and seven oxygen atoms from crystal water molecules. The positions of all of the hydrogen atoms of the ammonium ions and water molecules could not be located from difference Fourier syntheses. The presence of [NH4]+ ions as well as two NH groups belonging to two crystallographically independent monoprotonated tricyanomelaminate moieties has only been confirmed by subjecting LaTCM to solid‐state 1H, 13C, and 15N{1H} cross‐polarization (CP) MAS NMR and advanced CP experiments such as cross‐polarization combined with polarization inversion (CPPI). The 1H 2D double‐quantum single‐quantum homonuclear correlation (DQ SQ) spectrum and the 15N{1H} 2D CP heteronuclear‐correlation (HETCOR) spectrum have revealed the hydrogen‐bonded (NH⋅⋅⋅N) dimer of monoprotonated tricyanomelaminate moieties as well as H‐bonding through [NH4]+ ions and H2O molecules. The structures of the other eight rare‐earth tricyanomelaminates (LnTCM; Ln=Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy) have been refined from X‐ray powder diffraction data by the Rietveld method. Photoluminescence studies of [NH4]Eu[HC6N9]2[H2O]7⋅H2O have revealed orange‐red (λmax=615 nm) emission due to the 5D0–7F2 transition, whereas [NH4]Tb[HC6N9]2[H2O]7⋅H2O has been found to show green emission with a maximum at 545 nm arising from the 5D4–7F5 transition. DTA/TG studies of [NH4]Ln[HC6N9]2[H2O]7⋅H2O have indicated several phase transitions associated with dehydration of the compounds above 150 °C and decomposition above 200 °C.
Self‐Assembly of Hybrid Dendrons with Complex Primary Structure Into Functional Helical Pores
Authors: Percec Virgil , Smidrkal Jan , Peterca Mihai , Mitchell Catherine M. , Nummelin Sami , Dulcey Andrés E. , Sienkowska Monika J. , Heiney Paul A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe synthesis of three libraries of self‐assembling hybrid dendrons containing a primary structure based on the sequence (4‐3,4‐3,5)12G2‐CO2CH3 generated from benzyl ether, biphenyl‐4‐methyl ether, and AB2 repeat units constructed from (AB)yAB2 combinations of benzyl ethers, is reported. The structural and retrostructural analysis of their supramolecular dendrimers facilitated the discovery of new architectural principles that lead to the assembly of functional helical pores. The self‐assembly of an example of hybrid dendron containing ‐H, ‐CO2CH3, ‐CH2OH, ‐COOH, ‐COOK, ‐CONH2, ‐CONHCH3, ‐CO2(CH2)2OCH3, ‐(R) and ‐(S)‐CONHCH(CH3)C2H5 as X‐groups at the apex demonstrated that these self‐assembling dendrons provide the simplest strategy for the design and synthesis of porous columns containing a diversity of hydrophilic and hydrophobic functional groups in the inner part of the pore. The results reported here expand the scope and limitations of dendrons available for the self‐assembly of functional pores that previously were generated mostly from dendritic dipeptides, to simpler architectures based on hybrid dendrons.
Conformational Control of Selectivity and Stability in Hybrid Amide/Urea Macrocycles
Authors: Brooks Simon J. , García‐Garrido Sergio E. , Light Mark E. , Cole Pamela A. , Gale Philip A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe anion‐binding properties of two similar hybrid amide/urea macrocycles containing either a 2,6‐dicarboxamidophenyl or a 2,6‐dicarboxamidopyridine group are compared. Significant differences in anion affinity and mode of interaction with anions are attributed to the presence of intramolecular hydrogen bonds in the pyridine system. In fact, remarkably, the phenyl macrocycle undergoes amide hydrolysis under neutral conditions in DMSO/water. The anion binding abilities of the receptors are compared to those of acyclic analogues of the macrocycles that show that the phenyl receptor behaves in a similar fashion to acyclic urea‐containing receptors (i.e., showing little selectivity amongst oxo anions), whilst the pyridine‐containing receptor shows a high affinity and selectivity for carboxylates.
Temperature Dependence of the Optical Rotation in Six Bicyclic Organic Molecules Calculated by Vibrational Averaging
Authors: Mort Brendan C. , Autschbach Jochen 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe vibrational corrections and the temperature dependence of the specific rotation of six rigid organic molecules (α‐pinene, β‐pinene, cis‐pinane, camphene, camphor, and fenchone) were calculated at three wavelengths using hybrid time‐dependent density functional theory (TDDFT). A technique for calculating the temperature dependence of the vibrational average of a molecular property has been applied to obtain the specific rotation of the molecules as a function of temperature. For cases in which accurate equilibrium optical rotations can be obtained as a “base value,” and for which there is little effect from solvation, accurate predictions of the trends in the temperature‐dependence of the specific rotations can be calculated. For other cases, the method can be used to extract purely vibrational contributions to the overall temperature dependence of optical rotation.
Ethnic‐racial differences in feelings of embarrassment associated with binge eating and fear of losing control
Authors: Bennett Sarah , Dodge Tonya 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjective:Limited research exists on ethnic‐racial differences in the objective and subjective experiences of binge eating among women in the United States. The present study examined binge eating related psychopathology in a nationally representative sample of White, Black, Native American, Asian, and Hispanic women.Method:A subsample of 5,726 women between the ages of 19 and 27 years were selected from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health.Results:Ethnic‐racial differences in binge eating related psychopathology were found. Asians and Native Americans were more likely than Whites to report they would feel embarrassment related to binge eating. Hispanics were more likely than Whites and Blacks to report they would be afraid to start eating for fear of losing control.Conclusion:Findings suggest that the affective dimensions associated with binge eating are differentially represented among ethnic‐racial groups. Implications for treatment and prevention programs are discussed. © 2007 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2007
Binge eating in the bariatric surgery population: A review of the literature
Authors: Niego Sara H. , Kofman Michele D. , Weiss Jeffrey J , Geliebter Allan 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjective:This article reviews the status of the literature addressing clinically significant binge eating in the bariatric surgery patient. The goal is to provide a background that will guide patients, surgeons, and mental health practitioners toward the most successful long‐term surgical outcome when binge eating is identified.Method:Pubmed and Medline search with subsequent reference list search of identified articles. We searched literature through April 2006 on the influence of binge eating (BE) on surgical outcome.Results:Those with pre‐surgical BE are more likely to retain the eating pathology and, if they do, to have poorer weight loss outcome. Many people who binge ate prior to surgery report continued feelings of loss of control when eating small amounts of food after surgery. Studies that employed the DSM‐IV definition of a binge episode reported absence of BE after surgery, unlike those that modified binge criteria after surgery.Conclusion:Clinically significant BE is related to poorer surgical outcomes, and additional interventions may be needed to improve long term outcomes. Though surgery does alter body's physiology, claims that the psychological aspects of BE are “cured” by obesity surgery must be viewed with caution. Researchers and practitioners must reach a consensus on how to define BE after gastric surgery so that future long‐term prospective studies may further evaluate the effect of BE on surgical outcome and vice versa. © 2007 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2007
Murine dendritic cell transdifferentiation into osteoclasts is differentially regulated by innate and adaptive cytokines
Authors: Speziani Carole , Rivollier Aymeric , Gallois Anne , Coury Fabienne , Mazzorana Marlène , Azocar Olga , Flacher Monique , Bella Chantal , Tebib Jacques , Jurdic Pierre , Rabourdin‐Combe Chantal , Delprat Christine 
Published: February 2007

AbstractDendritic cells (DC) are the mononuclear cells that initiate adaptive immune responses. Osteoclasts (OC) are the multinucleated giant cells that resorb bone. As previously described for human conventional DC (cDC), we demonstrate that murine cDC, either in vitro generated from Fms‐like tyrosine kinase 3 (Flt3)+ bone marrow progenitors or ex vivo purified from spleen, are able to develop into OC in response to M‐CSF and receptor activator of NF‐κB ligand (RANKL) in vitro. This transdifferentiation is driven by the immune environment that controls cDC maturation, cell fusion, tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and bone resorption activities. Only immature cDC have the capacity to become OC since mature cDC or plasmacytoid DC do not. Additions of the pro‐inflammatory cytokines, such as IL‐1β and TNF‐α, or human rheumatoid synovial fluid, increase murine cDC transdifferentiation into OC, whereas IFN‐α inhibits it. The adaptive cytokine, IFN‐γ, inhibits cDC fusion while IL‐4 increases it. IL‐2, IFN‐γ and IL‐4 inhibit TRAP and bone resorption activities contrary to IL‐10, which enhances both activities. A putative new “immune multinucleated giant cell” unable to resorb bone, which is formed owing to IL‐4, is underlined. The future analysis of cDC transdifferentiation into OC in murine models of inflammatory arthritis will give us the quantitative importance of this phenomenon in vivo.