bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Type Ia supernova progenitors: a contemporary view of a long-standing puzzle
Authors: Ruiter Ashley Jade , Seitenzahl Ivo Rolf 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) are runaway thermonuclear explosions in white dwarfs that result in the disruption of the white dwarf star, and possibly its nearby stellar companion. SNe Ia occur over an immense range of stellar population age and host galaxy environments, and play a critical role in the nucleosynthesis of intermediate-mass and iron-group elements, primarily the production of nickel, iron, cobalt, chromium, and manganese. Though the nature of their progenitors is still not well-understood, SNe Ia are unique among stellar explosions in that the majority of them exhibit a systematic lightcurve relation: more luminous supernovae dim more slowly over time than less luminous supernovae in optical light (intrinsically brighter SNe Ia have broader lightcurves). This feature, unique to SNe Ia, is rather remarkable and allows their peak luminosities to be determined with fairly high accuracy out to cosmological distances via measurement of their lightcurve decline. Further, studying SNe Ia gives us important insights into binary star evolution physics, since it is widely agreed that the progenitors of SNe Ia are binary (possibly multiple) star systems. In this review, we give a current update on the different proposed Type Ia supernova progenitors, including descriptions of possible binary star configurations, and their explosion mechanisms, from a theoretical perspective. We additionally give a brief overview of the historical (focussing on the more recent) observational work that has helped the astronomical community to understand the nature of the most important distance indicators in cosmology.
Bacterial and Fungal Communities Respond Differently to Changing Soil Properties Along Afforestation Dynamic
Authors: Panico Speranza Claudia , Alberti Giorgio , Foscari Alessandro , Sciabbarrasi Giovanni Luca , Tomao Antonio , Incerti Guido 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Spontaneous afforestation following land abandonment has been increasingly recognized as a nature-based solution to mitigate climate change and provide measurable benefits to biodiversity. However, afforestation effects on biodiversity, particularly on soil microbial communities, are still poorly characterized, with most previous studies focusing on artificial plantations rather than forest rewilding dynamics. Here, we assessed changes in topsoil physical–chemical properties and related dynamics of bacterial and fungal community composition and structure following spontaneous afforestation of abandoned grasslands in Northeast Italy over the last 70 years. With a space-for-time approach, we selected four chronosequences representing different successional stages: grassland, early (2000–2020), intermediate (1978–2000), and late (1954–1978). Results showed that spontaneous afforestation progressively reduced topsoil pH and total phosphorus (P), while soil organic carbon (SOC), nitrogen (N), and C:N ratio increased. Correspondingly, the overall α-diversity of the fungal community, assessed by ITS DNA metabarcoding, progressively decreased after an initial increase from grassland conditions, following substrate acidification and trophic specialization. Bacterial diversity, assessed by 16S DNA metabarcoding, was highest at the initial stages, then progressively decreased at later stages, likely limited by lower organic matter quality. Shifts of fungal community composition included an increase of ectomycorrhizal Basidiomycota linked to topsoil’s higher SOC, N, and C:N ratio. Differently, bacterial community composition responded substantially to pH, with topsoil acidity favoring Proteobacteria (Pseudomonadota) and Acidobacteria (Acidobacteriota) at the late afforestation stages. Our findings provide a first contribution to clarify how fungi and bacteria respond to spontaneous afforestation. This is particularly relevant in the context of climate change mitigation, considering the fundamental role of microorganisms in shaping soil carbon storage dynamics.
Evolutionary rescue of bacterial populations by heterozygosity on multicopy plasmids
Authors: Dewan Ian , Uecker Hildegard 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Bacterial plasmids and other extrachromosomal DNA elements frequently carry genes with important fitness effects for their hosts. Multicopy plasmids can additionally carry distinct alleles of host-fitness-relevant genes on different plasmid copies, allowing for heterozygosity not possible for loci on haploid chromosomes. Plasmid-mediated heterozygosity may increase the fitness of bacterial cells in circumstances where there is an advantage to having multiple distinct alleles (heterozyogote advantage); however, plasmid-mediated heterozygosity is also subject to constant loss due to random segregation of plasmid copies on cell division. We analyze a multitype branching process model to study the evolution and maintenance of plasmid-mediated heterozygosity under a heterozygote advantage. We focus on an evolutionary rescue scenario in which a novel mutant allele on a plasmid must be maintained together with the wild-type allele to allow population persistance (although our results apply more generally to the maintenance of heterozygosity due to heterozygote advantage). We determine the probability of rescue and derive an analytical expression for the threshold on the fitness of heterozygotes required to overcome segregation and make rescue possible; this threshold decreases with increasing plasmids copy number. We further show that the formation of cointegrates from the fusion of plasmid copies increases the probability of rescue. Overall, our results provide a rigorous quantitative assessment of the conditions under which bacterial populations can adapt to multiple stressors through plasmid-mediated heterozygosity. Many of the results are furthermore applicable to the related problem of the maintenance of incompatible plasmids in the same cell under selection for both.
Dietary glycemic index and load during pregnancy and offspring behavioral outcomes: exploring sex differences
Authors: Cendra-Duarte Esther , Canals Josefa , Becerra-Tomás Nerea , Mateu-Fabregat Javier , Bulló Mònica , Arija Victoria 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Given the importance of carbohydrates during pregnancy and the limited evidence on the impact of its excessive intake on offspring neurodevelopment, this study aimed to assess the associations between maternal glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) during early and late pregnancy and behavior problems in 4-year-old children, considering potential sex-related differences in susceptibility to maternal diet. This observational study included 188 mother–child pairs from the ECLIPSES study. GI and GL were estimated from a validated food frequency questionnaire. Offspring behavior was assessed using the Child Behavior Checklist 1.5–5. Multivariable linear and logistic regression analyses were employed to assess the association between GI, GL, and child behavior. Children of mothers in the highest tertile of GL during the first trimester of pregnancy showed elevated scores of both internalizing (β = 5.77; 95% CI, 2.28–9.26) and externalizing (β = 3.95; 95% CI, 0.70–7.19) problems, including anxiety and depression problems, withdrawn, attention problems, aggressive behavior, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity problems, as well as total (β = 5.24; 95% CI, 1.71–8.77) and autism spectrum problems (β = 3.30; 95% CI, 1.11–5.50). Similarly, higher odd ratios were observed for internalizing (OR = 2.37; 95% CI, 1.09–5.18), externalizing (OR = 3.46; 95% CI, 1.49–8.00), and total problems (OR = 3.83; 95% CI, 1.68–8.71). These associations were more pronounced in girls. No associations were observed during the third trimester. Regarding GI, no associations were found for the evaluated outcomes in any of the trimesters.

Conclusion: These findings indicated that elevated maternal GL during the early pregnancy, but not later stages, was associated with adverse behavioral outcomes in offspring.

Trial registration: EUCTR-2012–005480-28, NCT03196882.

What is Known: • Carbohydrate intake is important during pregnancy as glucose is the main energy source for an optimal fetal brain development.• Elevated prenatal glycemic index and glycemic load have been associated with adverse offspring outcomes but their impact on behavioral development remains insufficiently explored.

What is New:• A high maternal glycemic load during pregnancy may increase the risk of behavioral impairments in preschool-aged offspring.• Female offspring may be more vulnerable to behavioral disturbances to elevated maternal glycemic load during gestation.
Psychosocial distress, perceived need and utilization of psycho- social support services in patients in the early phase after the first cancer diagnosis
Authors: Zingler Hannah , Steinmann Diana , Ernst Jochen , Goerling Ute , Hermann Myriel , Hornemann Beate , Mehnert-Theuerkauf Anja , Zimmermann Tanja 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Due to the growing number of new oncological diagnosis and the accompanying psychosocial burden, needs-based psycho-oncological care is important. Adequate planning of psycho-oncological support services is therefore becoming increasingly important. In order to better implement psycho-oncological support services, we investigate psychosocial distress, perceived need and utilization of psycho-oncological support offers in newly diagnosed cancer patients.

Methods
Based on a multicenter prospective study, we assessed the cross-sectional data on psychosocial distress, perceived need and utilization of psycho- social support in patients with different tumor entities within 2 months after initial diagnosis. Psychosocial distress was assessed using the Distress Thermometer (DT).

Results
Of 1,003 eligible patients who completed the questionnaire (53.0% men, mean age 60.3 years) 39.7% (n = 390) showed above-threshold psychosocial stress (DT: scores ≥ 5) and 21% (n = 207) indicated a perceived need for psycho- social support. 13.5% (n = 136) showed both, psychosocial distress and perceived need for psycho- social support. 15.2% (n = 150) out of all participating patients used psycho-oncology service, 60.7% (n = 597) were willing to accept such an offer. Women were significantly more likely to be psychosocially distressed and to express a need for support. They were also significantly more likely to seek and be willing to accept psycho- social support.

Conclusion
Although most patients would accept a psycho- social service, regardless of whether there is psychosocial distress or a need is perceived, the actual utilization was relatively low. It can therefore be assumed that barriers, e.g. structural or personal ones, prevent access. These should be investigated in more detail in future studies.
Buckling design optimization of tow-steered composite panels and cylindrical shells considering aleatory and epistemic uncertainties
Authors: Fina Marc , Bisagni Chiara 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Aerospace structures are thin-walled shell structures whose load-bearing capacity is often limited by buckling phenomena. The application of variable angle tow (VAT) composites allows to increase the buckling resistance by tailoring the fiber paths. Fiber placement technologies such as automated fiber placement and continuous tow shearing for VAT composites have been improved enormously in recent years. However, induced material and geometric uncertainties from the manufacturing process have a major influence on the structural performance. The paper focuses on appropriate uncertainty quantification for VAT composites, selecting various uncertainty models based on available data. Different uncertainty models are introduced to quantify the natural variability (aleatory uncertainty) and lack of knowledge (epistemic uncertainty). An uncertain fiber path definition with fuzzy variables is presented to model fiber path deviations. In addition, geometric imperfections are modeled as random fields and as Fourier series to analyze the imperfection sensitivity. Based on this, a design optimization of VAT composites is performed in presence of uncertainties. The introduced methods are demonstrated on a VAT composite panel and a cylindrical shell. Geometric imperfection measurements are provided for the VAT composite cylindrical shell to validate the approach based on experimental results. This paper contributes to a better understanding of uncertainties of tow-steered structures. The results reveal a potential conflict in optimizing the robustness measures (e.g. minimizing the variation of the buckling loads) and enhancing the performance measures (e.g. maximizing the mean value of the buckling loads) visualized by Pareto fronts. This emphasizes the need to consider uncertainties in a design process of VAT composite shells based on multi-objective optimization.
Navigation as a system approach: A qualitative descriptive study to inform a statewide cancer navigation approach in Australia
Authors: Agbejule Oluwaseyifunmi Andi , Joseph Ria , Merchant Sue , Johal Jolyn , Ramsey Imogen , Bender Jacqueline L. , Jennings Cally , Osborn Michael , Crawford-Williams Fiona , Chan Raymond J. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
This study aimed to identify challenges and facilitators in accessing cancer care in South Australia, from the perspectives of cancer survivors and caregivers, to inform responsive cancer navigation approaches.

Methods
A qualitative descriptive study was conducted using an online qualitative survey (n = 75) and video, phone, and in-person semi-structured interviews (n = 22) with cancer survivors and caregivers (herein cancer consumers). Data analysis was performed in two phases: content analysis categorised consumer challenges and facilitators, while a subjective-inductive approach guided by the supportive care framework was used to develop a statewide navigation approach.

Results
Key challenges reported by consumers included perceived invalidation of medical concerns, delayed diagnoses, poor communication, inadequate information provision, fragmented care, and limited logistical, cultural, and psychological support. Inductive analysis identified four key themes: 1) cancer consumers have dynamic care needs that can evolve throughout a patient’s cancer experience, 2) cancer consumers require a foundational level of information to support navigation, 3) some cancer consumers express a preference for community-based navigation services to help them manage their care, and 4) individuals with more complex care needs may require more intensive professional navigation services. A conceptual needs-based navigation approach (the Flinders Needs-Based Approach to Cancer Navigation) was developed based on these insights. This approach consists of three levels of navigation interventions: level 1 involves providing information-based navigation to all individuals affected by cancer, level 2 involves community-based navigation support offered to those requiring or wanting additional supported assistance, and level 3 offers professional navigation for individuals with complex needs.

Conclusion
Our study highlights the importance of tailoring cancer navigation services to meet the evolving needs of patients, emphasising the role of both community and professional support, particularly for individuals with complex care requirements. Findings will inform further co-design discussions involving consumers, health professionals, and policymakers to implement cancer navigation services across South Australia.
A Hardy-Hénon equation in $${\mathbb {R}}^N$$ with sublinear absorption
Authors: Iagar Razvan Gabriel , Laurençot Philippe 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Consider

$$m>1$$

m
>
1

,

$$N\ge 1$$

N
≥
1

and

$$\max \{-2,-N\}<\sigma <0$$

max
{
-
2
,
-
N
}
<
σ
<
0

. The Hardy-Hénon equation with sublinear absorption

$$\begin{aligned} - \Delta v(x) - |x|^\sigma v(x) + \frac{1}{m-1} v^{1/m}(x)= 0, \qquad x\in {\mathbb {R}}^N, \end{aligned}$$

-
Δ
v

(
x
)

-

|
x
|

σ

v

(
x
)

+

1

m
-
1

v

1
/
m

(
x
)

=
0
,

x
∈

R

N

,

is shown to have at least one solution

$$v\in H^1({\mathbb {R}}^N)\cap L^{(m+1)/m}({\mathbb {R}}^N)$$

v
∈

H
1

(

R

N

)

∩

L

(
m
+
1
)
/
m

(

R

N

)

, which is non-negative and radially symmetric with a non-increasing profile. In addition, any such solution is compactly supported, bounded and enjoys the better regularity

$$v\in W^{2,q}({\mathbb {R}}^N)$$

v
∈

W

2
,
q

(

R

N

)

for

$$q\in [1,N/|\sigma |)$$

q
∈
[
1
,
N
/
|
σ
|
)

. A key ingredient in the proof is a particular case of the celebrated Caffarelli-Kohn-Nirenberg inequalities, for which we obtain the existence of an extremal function which is non-negative, bounded, compactly supported and radially symmetric with a non-increasing profile. A by-product of these results is the existence of compactly supported separate variables solutions to a porous medium equation with a spatially dependent source featuring a singular coefficient.
Comprehensive insights and In silico analysis into the emerging role of LincRNAs in lung diseases pathogenesis; a step toward ncRNA precision
Authors: Hamdy Nadia M. , Zaki Mohamed Bakr , Abdelmaksoud Nourhan M. , Elshaer Shereen Saeid , Abd-Elmawla Mai A. , Rizk Nehal I. , Fathi Doaa , Doghish Ahmed S. , Abulsoud Ahmed I. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as essential regulators of gene expression, significantly influencing various biological processes. Approximately half of all lncRNAs are classified as long intergenic non-coding RNAs (lincRNAs), which are situated among coding genes. Recent studies have documented the role of lincRNAs in the pathogenesis of lung diseases, including lung cancer, pulmonary fibrosis, and pulmonary arterial hypertension. These lincRNAs can modulate gene expression through various mechanisms, including epigenetic modifications, transcriptional regulation, and post-transcriptional regulation. By functioning as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs), lincRNAs can affect the activity of microRNAs (miRNAs) and their corresponding target genes. This review delves into the intricate mechanisms by which lincRNAs contribute to the development and progression of various lung diseases. Furthermore, it discusses the potential of lincRNAs as therapeutic targets.
Pushing the boundaries of neurosurgical oncology: evaluating the superiority of supratotal resection over gross total resection in intraoperative MRI-guided glioma surgery
Authors: Mirzayeva Leyla Salimli , Uçar Murat , Budak Sümeyye Nur , Kaymaz Ahmet Memduh , Yaylı Nezih 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Using intraoperative MRI (iMRI) in glioma surgery can enhance the extent of resection (EOR) and improve survival rates for patients diagnosed with low grade gliomas (LGG) or high grade gliomas (HGG). This study focused on patients who underwent iMRI-guided surgery for LGG and HGG at our center. Our objective was to compare the patient survival time and recurrence rate between supratotal resection (SpTR) and gross total resection(GTR). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study comparing SpTR with GTR using iMRI in glioma surgery. This study included 71 patients who had undergone iMRI-guided GTR and SpTR. The volume of the tumors was measured using postcontrast 3D T1W series and 3D FLAIR series taken the day before surgery, and the volume of the operation cavity was calculated from iMRI images. The effects of SpTR and GTR on overall and progression-free survival (OS and PFS) were analyzed by the log-rank test using Kaplan‒Meier curves. The associations between the extent of resection and tumor grade, and between recurrence and tumor grade were examined using the chi-square test. The rate of recurrence in patients diagnosed with HGG was greater than that in patients diagnosed with LGG (p = 0.022). While patients who received SpTR had a greater OS time (105.9 months) than did those who underwent GTR (92.8 months), the difference was not statistically significant. The patients with LGG had a significantly longer PFS time than did the patients with HGG (86.5 ± 5.9 months, 95% CI = 74.9–98.2, p < 0.0001). Of 23 patients diagnosed with HGG, SpTR was achieved in 9 and GTR was achieved in 14. The median OS time was longer in patients who underwent SpTR than in those who underwent GTR, but there was no statistically significant difference [101.2 ± 20.5 months (95% CI: 80.7–121.7) vs. 70.6 ± 9.9 (95% CI: 60.7–80.5) p = 0.9]. Neurosurgeons are increasingly choosing SpTR, especially in LGGs. Despite their slow growth, LGGs retain the potential for malignant transformation. This situation underscores the importance of maximum safe resection in the surgery of LGGs. iMRI-guided resection makes it easier for surgeons to show the EOR concurrent with the operation.
Methodology for evaluation of lithium-ion black-mass battery recycling
Authors: Anticoi Hernan , Garcia Lidia , Dan Gabriel , Sola Pau , Dorado Antonio D. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In response to the growing demand for critical raw materials, the European Commission is actively pursuing strategies to recycle these materials from various sources, including disused batteries. One of the significant challenges in this endeavor is the heterogeneous nature of the materials arriving at recycling plants, necessitating effective process evaluation. In this study, crushed scooter batteries were utilized, and a range of analytical techniques were employed to initially characterize the composition of the raw material and subsequently evaluate previous physical separation processes efficiently, effectively, and economically. The analytical methods utilized included scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-rays spectroscopy (SEM–EDS), X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), loss of ignition (LOI), and differential scan calorimetry (DSC). In addition, two separation techniques were conducted: froth flotation and sink-and-float tests. The cathode's oxide type was identified through XRD analysis, and statistical methods were applied to all XRF analyses. Furthermore, the other analytical methods facilitated the determination of flux compositions, enabling the assessment of process performance. Regarding the robustness of the presented method, as is well known, performing a complete characterization of a material, including XRD, AAS, XRF, DSC, and SEM, could comprise a relatively high time if it is to identify the efficiency of a process (we estimate in several days, and even weeks). However, by reducing the analytical methods to LOI, XRF, and stream sampling, it is possible to conduct process efficiency evaluation in a few hours. This methodology would give the opportunity to achieve effective verifications in a short time and reduce possible efficiency problems in a treatment plant of this type of material.