bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Forecasting ultimate bond strength between ribbed stainless steel bar and concrete using explainable machine learning algorithms
Authors: Sun Y. 
Published: March 2024

PurposeIn recent years, there has been growing interest in the use of stainless steel (SS) in reinforced concrete (RC) structures due to its distinctive corrosion resistance and excellent mechanical properties. To ensure effective synergy between SS and concrete, it is necessary to develop a time-saving approach to accurately determine the ultimate bond strength τu between the two materials in RC structures.Design/methodology/approachThree robust machine learning (ML) models, including support vector regression (SVR), random forest (RF) and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), are employed to predict τu between ribbed SS and concrete. Model hyperparameters are fine-tuned using Bayesian optimization (BO) with 10-fold cross-validation. The interpretable techniques including partial dependence plots (PDPs) and Shapley additive explanation (SHAP) are also utilized to figure out the relationship between input features and output for the best model.FindingsAmong the three ML models, BO-XGBoost exhibits the strongest generalization and highest accuracy in estimating τu. According to SHAP value-based feature importance, compressive strength of concrete fc emerges as the most prominent feature, followed by concrete cover thickness c, while the embedment length to diameter ratio l/d, and the diameter d for SS are deemed less important features. Properly increasing c and fc can enhance τu between ribbed SS and concrete.Originality/valueAn online graphical user interface (GUI) has been developed based on BO-XGBoost to estimate τu. This tool can be utilized in structural design of RC structures with ribbed SS as reinforcement.
Compressive properties of AlSi10Mg lattice structures with novel BCCZZ and FCCZZ configurations fabricated by selective laser melting
Authors: Seremet Hubannur , Babacan Nazim 
Published: March 2024

Purpose
This paper aims to examine the static compression characteristics of cell topologies in body-centered cubic with vertical struts (BCCZ) and face-centered cubic with vertical struts (FCCZ) along with novel BCCZZ and FCCZZ lattice structures.

Design/methodology/approach
The newly developed structures were obtained by adding extra interior vertical struts into the BCCZ and FCCZ configurations. The samples, composed of the AlSi10Mg alloy, were fabricated using the selective laser melting (SLM) additive manufacturing technique. The specific compressive strength and failure behavior of the manufactured lattice structures were investigated, and comparative analysis among them was done.

Findings
The results revealed that the specific strength of BCCZZ and FCCZZ samples with 0.5 mm strut diameter exhibited approximately a 23% and 18% increase, respectively, compared with the BCCZ and FCCZ samples with identical strut diameters. Moreover, finite element analysis was carried out to simulate the compressive response of the lattice structures, which could be used to predict their strength and collapse mode. The findings showed that while the local buckling of lattice cells is the major failure mode, the samples subsequently collapsed along a diagonal shear band.

Originality/value
An original and systematic investigation was conducted to explore the compression properties of newly fabricated lattice structures using SLM. The results revealed that the novel FCCZZ and BCCZZ structures were found to possess significant potential for load-bearing applications.
Can money buy happiness? Bribery practices and ethical awareness in emerging markets
Authors: Tangdenchai Chomsorn , Chintakananda Asda 
Published: March 2024

Purpose
This study aims to examine the relationships among senior managers’ reports of bribery practices, ethical awareness and firm productivity in Thailand. Bribery pervasiveness is examined as moderating the relationship between bribery practices and ethical awareness. Ethical awareness is examined as a mediating effect of bribery practices and managerial perceptions of firm productivity.

Design/methodology/approach
This study uses a mixed-method approach consisting of interviews with more than 20 senior managers and surveys collected from more than 200 senior managers in Thailand’s manufacturing and construction industries. Hierarchical regression is used to test the hypotheses.

Findings
Senior managers report that their firms are more likely to flout ethical principles when they perceive that their industries feature widespread bribery practices. However, the tests fail to support the hypothesis that the flouting of ethical principles leads to less productivity.

Originality/value
This study contributes to transaction cost economics theory by extending the concept of illegal transaction cost minimization to managerial perceptions of firm productivity. This study also integrates research on bribery rationalization by considering how managerial rationalization and justification of bribery practices impact managerial perceptions of firm productivity and ethical awareness. This research provides managers with an understanding of how attitudes toward ethical conduct and unethical actions impact perceptions of firm productivity.
The influence of supervisors and peers on PhD students’ sense of belonging and their success at Kenyan universities
Authors: Matheka Hyrine Mueni , Jansen Ellen P.W.A. , Suhre Cor J.M. , Hofman Adriaan W.H. 
Published: March 2024

Purpose
Given declining tuition funds and government grants, Kenyan universities need to develop strategies, including increased research grants and collaborations, to diversify their income sources. Well-managed doctoral students can boost a university’s teaching and research outputs. However, numbers of students enrolled in doctoral programmes at Kenyan universities are low, and graduation rates and time-to-graduate statistics are disturbing. Research undertaken elsewhere underline the important role played by supervisors and peers in facilitating students’ sense of belonging and their success. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the influence of supervisory and peer support on PhD students’ sense of belonging and their success at Kenyan universities.

Design/methodology/approach
In this cross-sectional study, data were gathered through an online questionnaire from 614 students admitted to doctoral programmes at Kenyan universities between 2010 and 2018. We used multi-item scales to collect data on PhD students’ self-efficacy, supervisory and peer support and a sense of belonging.

Findings
Structural equation modelling results revealed that PhD students’ modes of study and self-efficacy were significantly associated with the quality of supervision, peer support and a sense of belonging. However, only age, a sense of belonging and the quality of supervision were directly linked to their success.

Originality/value
This study contributes to the literature on doctoral-level education, responding to the need for research on the influence of relationships with supervisors and peers on PhD students’ sense of belonging and their success, especially in developing countries.
Governance for the implementation of the sustainable development goals in tourism: a 2050 horizon paper
Authors: Alvarez Maria D. 
Published: March 2024

Purpose
This paper aims to discuss the capability of current governance models to achieve the sustainable development goals (SDGs) in the tourism sphere and propose a broad model of governance to support the SDGs agenda.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper reviews the existing literature and uses it as a basis for developing a model of governance. The proposed model is inspired by recent studies that discuss the implementation of the SDGs agenda in tourism and on Fennell’s (2019) framework for tourism ethics.

Findings
The study proposes a multi-level model of governance that espouses the need for a stronger supranational system that curtails the power of both governments and the private sector. It also emphasizes the need to identify hypernorms that delimit the capacity for action at the various levels and which are determined by accessing varied stakeholders’ views within this system at the international level.

Originality/value
This paper proposes a model of governance for the implementation of the SDGs as a foothold for future discussions. It highlights the main challenges that may be faced in the implementation of such a system and suggests several avenues for future research.
eDITH: An R‐package to spatially project eDNA‐based biodiversity across river networks with minimal prior information
Authors: Carraro Luca , Altermatt Florian 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Ecological and ecosystem monitoring is rapidly shifting towards using environmental DNA (eDNA) data, particularly in aquatic systems. This approach enables a combined coverage of biodiversity across all major organismal groups and the assessment of ecological indices. Yet, most current approaches are not exploiting the full potential of eDNA data, largely interpreting results in a localized perspective. In riverine networks, by explicitly modelling hydrological transport and associated DNA decay, hydrology‐based models enable upscaling eDNA‐based diversity information, providing spatially integrated inference. To capitalize on these unprecedented biodiversity data and translate it into space‐filling biodiversity projections, a streamlined implementation is needed.

Here, we introduce the eDITH R‐package, implementing the eDITH model to project biodiversity across riverine networks with minimal prior information. eDITH couples a species distribution model relating a local taxon's eDNA shedding rate in streamwater to environmental covariates, a mass balance expressing the eDNA concentration at a river's cross‐section as a weighted sum of upstream contributions, and an observational model accounting for uncertainties in eDNA measurements. By leveraging on spatially replicated eDNA measurements and minimal hydro‐morphological data, eDITH enables disentangling the various upstream eDNA sources, and produces space‐filling maps of a taxon's spatial distribution at any chosen resolution. eDITH is applicable to both eDNA concentration and metabarcoding data, and to any taxon whose DNA can be retrieved in streamwater.

The eDITH package provides user‐friendly functions for single‐run execution and fitting of eDITH to eDNA data with both Bayesian methods (via the BayesianTools package) and non‐linear optimization. An interface to the DHARMa package allows model validation via posterior predictive checks. Necessary preliminary steps such as watershed delineation and hydrological characterization are implemented via the rivnet package. We illustrate eDITH's workflow and functionalities with two case studies from published fish eDNA data.

The eDITH package provides a user‐friendly implementation of eDITH, specifically intended for ecologists and conservation biologists. It can be used without previous modelling knowledge but also allows customization for experienced users. Ultimately, eDITH allows upscaling eDNA biodiversity data for any river globally, transforming how state and change in biodiversity in riverine systems can be tracked at high resolution in a highly versatile manner.
A systematic review of effective local, community or peer‐delivered interventions to improve well‐being and employment in regional, rural and remote areas of Australia
Authors: Luke Jennifer , Bartlett Cristy , March Sonja , McIlveen Peter 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo systematically review evaluated local, community or peer‐delivered well‐being and employment interventions delivered within regional, rural and remote Australia.DesignSearches within nine databases retrieved peer‐reviewed and grey literature from an initial pool of 3186 papers published between 2012 and 2022. PRISMA guidelines were adhered to, and the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) was used to assess the quality of the well‐being or employment (or both) articles.FindingsA total of 19 items met the inclusion criteria, which included two quantitative, 12 qualitative and five mixed‐methods evaluations. Intervention cohorts included Indigenous Australians, youth, older people, workers and the general community. The average methodological rating was 83%. The overall level of evidence for the interventions was low due to mostly descriptive studies.DiscussionInterventions that appeared effective in improving well‐being tended to focus on addressing social connectedness and self‐determination. Unexpected employment outcomes were evident across many of the studies, which highlighted the reciprocity between well‐being and employment.ConclusionThis review highlights promising interventions for improving well‐being by focusing on social connectedness and self‐determination. Further empirical evidence is encouraged to explore the reciprocal relationship between well‐being and employment, emphasising the significance of social connectedness and self‐determination in this context.
A qualitative exploration of the role of a palliative care pharmacist providing home‐based care in the rural setting, from the perspective of health care professionals
Authors: Downing Natasha J. , Skaczkowski Gemma , Hughes‐Barton Donna , Stone Helen , Robinson Leah , Gunn Kate M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntroductionPharmacists are often not recognised as a core part of palliative care teams, despite their ideal placement to assist with the burden of medication management.ObjectiveThis study explored the role of pharmacists working in the rural palliative care team, in the home‐based setting.DesignHealth care professionals working with palliative care patients in rural South Australia participated in semi‐structured interviews. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.FindingsData from 20 participants identified 10 themes. Theme 1: This model of care gives patients a choice. Theme 2: The pharmacist is a trusted source of support and information. Theme 3: Patient, carer and family distress is reduced. Theme 4: Enables patients to stay at home by improving medication knowledge and decreasing burden; 4.1—Patient, carer and family's understanding about medication management is improved, 4.2—Patient, carer and family travel is decreased, 4.3—Burden associated with getting to the doctor is decreased. Theme 5: Communication between all parties is enhanced; 5.1—Enhanced communication between the patient and health care team, 5.2—Enhanced communication within the health care team. Theme 6: Patient, carer and family burden of coordinating prescriptions and medications is reduced. Theme 7: Benefits health care professionals by improving medication knowledge, reducing workload and stress; 7.1—Understanding about medications and their management is improved, 7.2—Workload is reduced, 7.3—Work‐related stress is reduced. Theme 8: The disparity of care between rural and urban patients is reduced. Theme 9: Helps to address rural workforce shortages. Theme 10: Challenges of this model of care; 10.1—A need for greater pharmacist capacity to meet demand, 10.2—A need for increased and sustained funding for the pharmacist role, 10.3—Large amount of travel to get to patients.ConclusionRural health care professionals are supportive of pharmacists working as part of the palliative care team in home‐based settings and identified many benefits of this model of care.
Within‐group apologies can restore a sense of justice more for non‐victimized observers than for victims
Authors: Yu Yeongjin , Jung Taeyun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWithin‐group apologies are effective for governments to address injustices, but they often hesitate due to public reception concerns. With justice theory as the starting point, this study investigated the psychological effects of within‐group apologies, excuses and silence between the empathetic group towards victims' experiences (i.e. victim‐empathic group) and the observers (Study 1) and between the actual victims and the observers (Study 2). Findings indicate that within‐group apologies restore justice and social engagement for all participants, while excuses and silence are ineffective. Victims' justice restoration was notably weaker than observers when encountering the apology (Study 2), while the victim‐empathic group had similar justice restoration as observers (Study 1). Thus, within‐group apologies are more effective at restoring a sense of justice for observers than victims.
The decolonial pedagogies of colonial violence: Curricular decolonisation in the (geo)sciences
Authors: Cupples Julie 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis article explores the ways in which physical scientists, especially in the geosciences, are responding to calls to decolonise university curricula in current conjunctural conditions. It asserts that it is crucial not to strip decolonisation of its radical political potential and reduce it to an instrumental Equity, Diversion and Inclusion (EDI) initiative. Geoscientists in higher education who wish to decolonise their curricula must also pay attention to epistemological pluralism, politics, and colonial violence and free themselves from Eurocentric legacies of positivism, universality and objectivity. They must also make the turn to social theory, in ways that address the politics of geologic matter and the modes of violence that geoscientific practice and knowledge reproduce. Engaging with curricular decolonisation has potential not only to arrest the decline being experienced by the geosciences, but to make the forced neoliberal mergers between geography and geology less painful and more intellectually productive.
Brain drain in Pakistan's pharmaceutical industry: factors and solutions
Authors: Khan Hassan Ali , Hayyat Asghar , Ziaullah Muhammad , Rehman Zia‐ur , Shafiq Muhammad Aqib 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study sheds light on strategies for retaining skilled pharmacists in Pakistan's pharmaceutical sector, offering valuable insights for both academia and industry stakeholders by investigating the impact of human resource management practices, including training and development, compensation and rewards, job performance, and job satisfaction, on employee retention. It also examines the moderating role of career growth in this context. Theoretical foundations are grounded in international migration theories and social exchange theory, providing a comprehensive framework for the study. A cross‐sectional survey design was used to collect data from 254 pharmacists in southern Punjab, Pakistan. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed for data analysis. Findings reveal that training and development, compensation and rewards, job performance, and job satisfaction all have significant direct effects on employee retention. Additionally, career growth acts as a crucial moderator, strengthening the relationship between training and development and job performance, as well as compensation and rewards and job satisfaction in relation to employee retention. Theoretical implications emphasize the importance of tailored training programs, fair compensation practices, and career growth opportunities. Practical recommendations include creating a positive work environment, rewarding high‐performing employees, and fostering career development. Future research directions encompass longitudinal studies, the influence of organizational culture and technology, regional variations, and additional factors affecting retention.
Understanding boys' underrepresentation in private and enriched programmes during the transition to secondary school
Authors: Plante Isabelle , Chaffee Kathryn Everhart , Gauthier Evelyne , Olivier Elizabeth , Dupéré Véronique 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundIn the past decades, there has been a growing concern to understand why boys struggle in school. One of the turning points in students' educational trajectories likely to exacerbate boys' academic difficulties is students' enrolment in private or enriched school programmes, as boys are underrepresented in such programmes.MethodTo better understand this gender imbalance, our research draws on a longitudinal design to examine whether grade 6 students' externalizing behaviours, school engagement and school grades in mathematics and language arts relate to secondary school programme attendance, among a sample size of 577 students (277 boys).ResultsPath analysis showed that only language arts grades predicted enrolment in private or selective public programmes and contributed to boys' underrepresentation in these programmes.ConclusionsSuch findings have important implications for understanding boys' underachievement and low persistence in school as well as to guide interventions to promote gender and overall educational equity in school.
Food preference for native and invasive prey in the naive lancehead pitviper
Authors: Alves‐Nunes João Miguel , Fellone Adriano , Marques Otavio A. V. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe presence of invasive species in the environment can be highly detrimental. The success of these species depends on their interaction with native ones. The prey–predator relationship between invasive and native species can result in biodiversity loss or the introduction of new food items for local predators. Due to its tropical and extensive nature, Brazil is vulnerable to the colonization of invasive species. Snakes are a group of animals that can act as both predators and prey for invasive species. The pitviper Bothrops jararaca is an abundant and widely distributed native species on the Brazilian coast. Based on this, we conducted a study on the feeding preferences of naive B. jararaca juveniles regarding invasive and native prey. We found that this species exhibits a greater preference for native anurans compared to Rana catesbeiana, an invasive amphibian associated with significant environmental impacts. Additionally, the gecko Hemidactylus mabouia, a prey that triggered intense predatory responses from the pitviper, reveals that this species, even with a short period of coexistence with B. jararaca, has established an intense prey–predator relationship. The negative correlation between prey size and feeding interest, guided solely by olfactory cues, adds a layer of complexity to understanding the feeding choices of B. jararaca, providing valuable insights for conservation and environmental management strategies.Abstract in Portuguese is available with online material.