bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rhinomanometry evaluation of the effects of pre- and post-operative SMR on exercise
Authors: Nofal Farhat , Thomas Michael 
Published: November 2007

AbstractNasal airway resistance due to uncomplicated DNS was examined in 43 patients, and the results compared with those obtained following corrective surgery. The patients were examined independently by the two authors using a strict examination protocol. Rhinomanometry was carried out pre- and post-operatively at rest and after exercise assessing the worst and the better breathing nostrils separately. The results show that both resting and post-exercise nasal resistance was reduced following septal surgery.
Radiation induced tumours of the Pharynx—can they be avoided?
Authors: Nigam A. , Campbell J. B. , Das Gupta A. R. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThree patients who developed a post-cricoid carcinoma 5–21 years after radiotherapy for carcinoma of the larynx are presented. These patients received radiotherapy when they were young. It is suggested that alternative forms of treatment, especially partial laryngectomy with the aid of a laser should be considered in the primary management of small tumours of the larynx of young patients.
Granular cell tumour of the larynx
Authors: Cree Ian A. , Bingham Brian J. G. , Ramesar Keith C. R. B. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA granular cell tumour may present as clinically innocuous lesions on the vocal cords and the diagnosis is usually made by histopathology. However, the granular cells characteristic of this tumour may not be obvious and accompanying epithelial hyperplasia may be interpreted by the pathologist as invasive squamous cell carcinoma. Good communication between pathologist and surgeon is required to ensure that clinically benign lesions on the vocal cords are not misdiagnosed. The diagnosis of granular cell tumour can be confirmed by immunocytochemical staining for S100 antigen.
Brainstem auditory evoked potential with increased stimulus rate in minor head trauma
Authors: Podoshin Ludwig , Ben-David Yaacov , Fradis Milo , Pratt Hillel , Sharf B. , Schwartz M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractFifteen Minor Head Trauma patients were investigated by Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potentials at 10/s and 55/s stimulus rate. The results were compared with those of the same patients at a second examination, two months later, as well as with a matched normal control group. Increasing the stimulus rate in MHT patients caused a significant but reversible delay in the central conduction time. No significant difference was found regarding the interpeak latency differences at a 10/s stimulus rate. The present study suggests that the primary lesion in MHT is ischaemic, affecting synaptic efficiency, and not axonal damage. These findings may be informative on the as yet obscure pathophysiological mechanism of minor head trauma.
Osteoradionecrosis of the mandible: Study of 104 cases treated by hemimandibulectomy
Authors: Koka V. N. , Deo R. , Lusinchi A. , Roland J. , Schwaab G. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractOne hundred and four cases of osteoradionecrosis (ORN) of the mandible following irradiation of head and neck cancer are reported.Conservative management for ORN failed in all cases. Indications of hemimandibulectomy included intractable pain, severe trismus, pathological fracture, oro-cutaneous fistula and persistent exposure of bone.Surgical approach was intra-oral in 100 cases and extra-oral in four. Immediate soft tissue reconstructions were carried out in 20 per cent cases. Post-operative complications included minor sepsis (8.6 per cent), major sepsis (2.9 per cent), haemorrhage (2.9 per cent) and fistula (3.8 per cent). Major complications occurred only in patients treated exclusively by external irradiation at doses equal to or higher than 65 Gy.Relief from pain and trismus was obtained and normal swallowing was established following radical surgery.
Epistaxis: anatomical and clinical correlates
Authors: Padgham Nigel 
Published: November 2007

AbstractOne hundred and seven consecutive patients with acute and chronic epistaxis were examined to identify the site and nature of the source. Aetiological factors in the history, nasal anatomy or pathology were noted, along with the blood pressure and laboratory results.In most presentations an anterior bleeding point was isolated. Cautery usually sufficed in both anterior and posterior sources. No source was hidden behind a septal spur or deflection. Hypertension was associated with bleeding from the middle meatus, but not with the severity of bleeding. Patients on antihypertensive medication were more likely to be admitted.Point sources of bleeding were from prominent vessels or haemorrhagic nodules; the latter are not well recognized and are easily overlooked.Routine blood tests did not reveal unsuspected abnormalities or change management; neither did sinus X-rays.Initial examination of the nose in the acute phase by experienced personnel is suggested, to reduce admissions and avoid nasal packing.
Well-differentiated intra-osseous osteosarcoma in the mandible of a six-year-old child
Authors: James P. L. , O'regan M. B. , Speight P. M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe case of an osteosarcoma arising in the mandible of a six-year-old child is presented. It was originally misdiagnosed as a desmoplastic fibroma, and after initial curettage continued to grow for twelve years. The differential diagnosis is presented and details of the surgical access and difficulties encountered in the surgical removal of this very large tumour are described.The relationship between pre-existing disease and osteosarcoma of the mandible is discussed, and the difficulties experienced in distinguishing between the fibro-osseous lesions and osteosarcoma of the mandible are highlighted.The case is presented as a well-differentiated, intra-osseous osteosarcoma with subsequent transformation into a high-grade, conventional osteosarcoma.
Nasal airflow in inspiration and expiration
Authors: Viani Laura , Jones Andrew S. , Clarke Ray 
Published: November 2007

AbstractInspiratory and expiratory airflow rates were measured in 30 subjects during quiet respiration (at a pressure gradient of 150 Pa) and at peak flow rates.For low flow rates airflow rate was greater for inspiration than for expiration. Conversely at peak flow rates flow was greatest during expiration. Thus there was a reversal in the phase relationship between inspiration and expiration as flow rate increased.It was also found that peak inspiratory flow rate correlated better with values for nasal resistance than did peak expiratory flow rate. Flow rate measured by rhinomanometry during quiet respiration was more sensitive to physiologically induced changes in nasal resistance than was peak flow rate.The findings are discussed with reference to previous work on the physiology of nasal airflow.
Malignant external otitis in an infant
Authors: Nir Dan , Nir Tsila , Danino Joshua , Joachims Henry Z. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTen cases of malignant external otitis in children have been reported hitherto. These are reviewed, and an eleventh case, a three-month-old infant associated with genetic granulocytopenia, is presented. On the grounds of the reported paediatric cases, the erudition in childhood is compared with the more common form in the adult, and is found to be much less linked with diabetes mellitus and to have a far better prognosis, with practically no mortality.
Neuro-endocrine tumours of the head and neck
Authors: Soussi A. C. , Benghiat A. , Holgate C. S. , Majumdar B. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe report two types of neuroendocrine carcinoma of the head and neck, small cell carcinoma of the ethmoid and large cell carcinoma of the larynx, demonstrating a differential response to radiotherapy.
The British experience of an implantable, subcutaneous bone conduction hearing aid (Xomed Audiant)
Authors: Browning G. G. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractImplantable bone conduction aids are potentially an important advance for those with a conductive hearing impairment. One system (Xomed Audiant bone conductor), which uses electromagnetic induction to vibrate a subcutaneous implanted skull magnet, has now been implanted in sufficient patients in the United Kingdom, for enough time, for its indicationsto be evaluated.Seventeen of the total of 18 patients that have been implanted, satisfied the average threshold criterion for suitability for implantation (average bone conduction over 0.5, 1 and 2 kHz of 25 dB HL or better) yet only 10 of the 17 (59 per cent) currently use their Audiant aid. This was not because of technical reasons but was mainly influenced by the previous type of amplification. Current usage of a body level processor was 100 per cent) (6 of 6) in those that previously could only use a conventional bone conduction aid because of bilateral congenital or acquired atresia of their external auditory canals. In comparison, usage was only 36 per cent (4 of 11) in those that could potentially use a conventional ear level aid albeit with problems such as the discharge from active chronic otitis media. This relative non-use was considered due to a lack of power of the ear level processor and the general unwillingness of patients to change from an ear level to a body level device.
Acute ENT admission in Kawasaki disease
Authors: Murrant N. J. , CooK J. A. , Murch S. H. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractKawasaki disease (mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome) is an acute vasculitis of childhood carrying a 1–2 per cent mortality from cardiovasular complications. Despite the extensive literature on Kawasaki disease in paediatric journals, there has been a paucity of documentation in the otolaryngological literature. This is despite the fact that Kawasaki disease may present as an otolaryngological emergency before the diagnosis is established. We describe three cases of Kawasaki disease, all of which presented to the ENT department of this hospital within a period of two months. These cases illustrate the slow evolution characteristic of the disease and highlight the difficulties of diagnosis in the initial febrile stage. We emphasize the importance of considering the diagnosis when treating a young child with a pyrexia resistant to antibiotics, as prompt introduction of therapy may decrease the risk of fatal coronary artery or cardiac involvement.
Unterberger stepping test: a useful indicator of peripheral vestibular dysfunction?
Authors: Hickey S. A. , Ford G. R. , Buckley J. G. , O'connor A. F. Fitzgerald 
Published: November 2007

AbstractDeviation of gait in a stepping test has been proposed as a useful indicator of peripheral labyrinthine dysfunction. A prospective study of 26 patients suspected of having uncompensated peripheral labyrinthine dysfunction and 49 normal patients with normal labyrinthine dysfunction showed no significant difference in performance of the Unterberger stepping test between patients with electronystagmographically significant canal paresis and those with normal vestibular function.
Alternating cisplatinum and VAC ineffective in end stage squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck
Authors: Siodlak M. Z. , Stell P. M. , Wilson J. A. , Green J. A. , Allison R. S. , Adler D. , Squadrelli-Saraceno M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractSixteen patients with end stage squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck were admitted to a phase II study of alternating courses of cisplatinum (100mg/m2) and VAC (vincristine 1.4mg/m2, adriamycin 50 mg/m2, cyclophosphamide 750 mg/m2) given at three weekly intervals. Only two patients achieved a response (12 per cent). The median survival time was 62 days which is much the same as that of a similar group of patients who received no chemotherapy in a previous trial (70 days).
Benign parotid tumour enucleation—A reliable operation in selected cases
Authors: Comoretto R. , Barzan L. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe method of surgical treatment for benign tumours of the parotid gland has not yet been rationalized, but many authors recommend parotidectomy as the most appropriate procedure. A series of 289 operations for parotid swellings is reported; the majority of mixed and Warthin's tumours underwent enucleation without either complications or recurrence. The rationale of parotidectomy versus enucleation is discussed but in fast growing, deeply infiltrating and recurrent tumours, parotidectomy appears to be the best choice. In the other group of more commonly occurring tumours, enucleation represents a reliable time saving option.
Unusual lymphoproliferative oropharyngeal lesions in heart and heart-lung transplant recipients
Authors: Fairley James W. , Hunt Beverley J. , Glover Garry W. , Radley-Smith Rosemary C. , Yacoub Magdi H. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThree unusual cases of oropharyngeal lympho-proliferative lesions were seen in recipients of heart and heart-lung transplants. Two caused acute upper respiratory obstruction necessitating urgent ENT intervention. All patients were receiving immunosuppressive drugs including cyclosporin. The two obstructive cases were adenotonsillar enlargement in a 6-year-old, and a tumour of the tonsil and tongue base with cervical lymph node enlargement in a 32-year-old male. Both were caused by Epstein-Barr Virus-associated lymphoproliferative disorder. The third patient, a 32-year-old female, had a presumed low grade T-cell lymphoma that regressed spontaneously.Histopathological diagnosis of these lympho-proliferative disorders after transplantation usually requires immunocytochemistry to distinguish polyclonal proliferative disorders from true lymphoma. Polyclonal lymphoproliferative disorders after transplantation do not usually require aggressive cytoreductive therapy, but respond to simple measures such as the reduction of immunosuppression.
Quantitative analysis of the bacterial findings in otitis media
Authors: Stenfors Lars-Eric , Räisänen Simo 
Published: November 2007

AbstractQualitative and quantitative bacterial analysis of 200 samples of middle ear effusions collected from patients with current otitis media was performed. When middle ear pathogens (S. pneumoniae, H. influenzaeandB. catarrhalis) where found during current acute otitis media or otitis media with effusion infection, the quantity of these bacteria was of the magnitude 106–108/ml and 0–5 × 105/ml effusion material, respectively. Mucopurulent effusion material contained 6 × 105–108bacteria per ml whereas effusion from chronically discharging ears exceeded 109bacteria per ml. Serous effusions did not harbour middle ear pathogens. The appearance of the effusion material was dependent on the number of bacteria involved. Quantification of bacteria in various middle ear effusions offers opportunities to make the diagnosis of various otitis media infections more accurate and readily comparable.
The Dansac mini cap®: A new method of waterproof ear protection
Authors: Robinson Philip J. , Prince Joanna M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe best method of providing waterproof protection for susceptible ears remains a contentious issue. Many evaluations have concentrated on the efficacy of intraluminal plugs in normal or model ears. We describe a new method, using a jejunostomy shower cap (Dansac mini cap®), which avoids intraluminal insertion.This method has proved useful in some patients who have failed to avoid repeated otorrhoea after water exposure despite using a wide range of intraluminal ear plugs. The shower caps are best avoided in children because of teasing.
Radiological diagnosis of aspirated foreign bodies in children: Review of 343 cases
Authors: Mu Liancai , Sun Deqiang , He Ping 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIn our series of 400 Chinese children with foreign body aspiration (FBA),343 cases were evaluated by fluoroscopy and/or plain chest X-rays before endoscopic removal of the foreign bodies. The majority of the foreign bodies (FBs) were organic (378/400, 94.5 per cent). The results showed that mainstem bronchial foreign bodies were diagnosed correctly in 68 per centof cases compared with 65 per cent correct diagnoses with segmental bronchial foreign bodies, but only 22 per cent correct diagnoses with tracheal, and 0 per cent correct diagnosis in those with laryngeal foreign bodies. Eighty per cent (32/40) of the children with laryngotracheal FBs had normal X-ray findings, whereas 67.7 per cent (205/303) of the children with bronchial FBs had abnormal chest X-ray findings. The most common positive radiological signs in the children with tracheobronchial FBs were obstructive emphysema (131/213, 62 per cent) and mediastinal shift (117/213, 55 percent). The incidence of major complications was related not only to the size of the foreign body and its location but also the duration since aspiration. The most common types of bronchial obstructions by airway FBs are discussed.
Technetium–99m(v) Dimercaptosuccinic acid planar scintigraphy in head and neck cancer: Clinical, scintigraphic and radiological study
Authors: Watkinson J. C. , Todd C. E. C. , Lazarus C. R. , Maisey M. N. , Clarke S. E. M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTechnetium-99m (Tc99m)(v) Dimercaptosuccinic Acid (DMSA) is animaging agent which has been proposed as a scintigraphic marker for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Fifty-four patients were studied of whom 51 had a head and neck tumour. All patients were examined and then imaged using Tc99m(v) DMSA scintigraphy and computerized tomography.Scintigraphy was less sensitive than clinical examination in the detection of patients with cancer, patients with primary tumours and patients with metastatic neck disease. CT was as sensitive and as accurate as clinical examination but more senstive than Tc99m(v) DMSA in detecting patients with cancer and with primary tumours. CT was more sensitive and more accurate than both clinical examination and Tc99m(v) DMSA scintigraphy in predicting which patients had metastatic neck disease.Although Tc99m(v) DMSA is accumulated by squamous cell carcinoma, its inability to detect low volume disease and apparent low specificity means it has no role to play in the management of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
Hearing loss due to cranio-metaphysial dysplasia
Authors: Morgan D. W. , Aldren C. , Hoare T. J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractCraniometaphysial dysplasia is a rare cause of conductive hearing loss. It is a genetic disorder of bone due to decreased osteoclastic activity inthe endosteal and periosteal regions of craniofacial and long bones. The characteristic temporal bone abnormalities are attic fixation, abnormallyshaped ossicles and obliterated foramina ovale. Computerised tomography is helpful in predicting operative findings; surgery should be reserved for those with a severe hearing loss.
Vocal fold sulcus
Authors: Lee Stephen T. S. , Niimi S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractVocal fold sulcus is a cause of dysphonia which has not been recognized until recently. Awareness of its existence combined with use of laryngostroboscopy would enhance the management of this group of patients. Five such cases were treated initially by voice therapy and subsequently combined with microlaryngeal Teflon injections of the vocal cord. Representative photomicrographs and the end results of treatment are presented. A good voice, subjectively and objectively, was obtained in three patients, with satisfactory improvement in the other two.
Early inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone after trans-sphenoidal pituitary adenomectomy
Authors: Murty G. E. , Lamballe P. , Welch A. R. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) is a rare but life-threatening complication of trans-sphenoidal pituitary adenomectomy. It has previously only been described as a late phenomenon. We report an early presentation within the first week. The pathophysiology, clinical features and treatment are discussed.
Cystic hygroma: massive recurrence in adult life
Authors: Scally C. M. , Black J. H. A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractCystic hygroma is considered a disease of childhood. It may appear for the first time in adult life but recurrence by that stage is rare and may present difficulties in diagnosis due to previous treatment. The authors present a case where early pharmacological intervention may have prevented a potentially life threatening situation. The world literature is also reviewed.
Point and period prevalence of otitis media with effusion evaluated by daily tympanometry
Authors: Møller Henrik , Tos Mirko 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPrevious studies on daily tympanometric screening using an automatic impedance tympanoscope indicated relatively high incidences of type B tympanograms of one day's duration, which is contrary to our conceptions of the pathogenesis and pathology of otitis media with effusion. We therefore repeated the study in 51 otherwise healthy children (100 ears) attending kindergarten. Tympanometry was performed daily for one month using both the conventional impedance apparatus AZ 7 and the automatic impedance tympanoscope ZS 331. The impedance apparatus did not indicate any one-day type B tympanograms and only a few short-lasting episodes occuring either in the beginning or end of the study period. Several ears had type B tympanograms on all days examined. The point prevalence was 15 per cent and the period prevalence 17 per cent, which accord well with findings of previous epidemiological studies of secretory otitis. The impedance tympanoscope indicated 16 cases of B-curves lasting only one day and considerably higher point and period prevalences, which make the impedance tympanoscope unsuited for both scientific and clinical purposes.
Cochlear otoscierosis: statistical analysis of relationship of spiral ligament hyalinization to hearing loss
Authors: Abd El-Rahman Aly Gamal 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThis paper presents an analysis of the relationship of the amount of hyalinization of the spiral ligament, secondary to cochlear otosclerosis (spongiosis), to the amount of hearing loss. This relationship was previously studied by Parahy and Linthicum. It was found that the larger the amount of hyalinization, the greater the hearing loss. This hyalinization is a measure of the amount of toxic enzymes being excreted into the inner ear fluid. These enzymes are suspected to affect the metabolic function of the hair cells.
Haemangiopericytoma of the temporal bone
Authors: Birzgalis A. R. , Ramsden R. T. , Lye R. H. , Richardson P. L. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractHaemangiopericytoma is an uncommon vascular tumour with a widespread distribution. Although meningeal involvement is well recognized, only a few sporadic cases of temporal bone lesions have been documented, all with doubtful sites of origin. Late presentation together with the restrictive anatomy of this region often precludes its effective removal and even minimal residual disease may progress rapidly. A series of three such patients are presented in order to discuss the natural history, histological features and treatment of this disease.
‘Two-stage turbinectomy’: Sequestration of the inferior turbinate following submucosal diathermy
Authors: Williams H. O. L. , Fisher E. W. , Golding-Wood D. G. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractSubmucous diathermy of the inferior turbinates is a widely practised procedure. Three cases are presented in which surgery was complicated by avascular necrosis of the turbinate bone. Each patient required a debridement procedure before healing and recovery of normal mucociliary function could take place.