bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Comparison of the Properties of Contactless Conductivity and Diode‐Array Photometric Detectors in Analyses of Low‐Molecular, Biologically Active Substances by Capillary Electrophoresis in Acetic Acid Solutions
Authors: Tůma Petr , Opekar František , Samcová Eva , Štulík Karel 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThe performance of the contactless conductivity (C4D) and diode array photometric (DAD) detectors has been compared for CE separations of creatinine, arginine and 3‐methylhistidine in acetic acid background electrolytes. The contactless conductivity detector response has also been modeled. It has been found that the two detectors provide similar responses and can readily be used for dual CE detection. Changes in the acetic acid concentration affect the C4D noise less than the DAD noise, but their effect on the C4D response to the analytes is greater than with DAD. In general, C4D provides better detection results at higher acetic acid concentrations, while DAD is more sensitive and reliable at very low ones. Capillaries with greater internal diameters are preferable for both detectors, provided that the separation efficiency is not adversely affected. Acetic acid is a suitable background electrolyte for CE separations of small, basic organic molecules.
The GNU/Linux platform and freedom respecting software for economists
Authors: Yalta A. Talha , Lucchetti Riccardo 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThe GNU/Linux operating system is rapidly gaining ground as an attractive alternative to the proprietary platforms particularly in academic institutions and government agencies. Here, we supply an assessment of this resource from the perspective of econometricians, discuss its benefits and disadvantages along with a basic overview of some of the popular free/libre and open source programs hosted by this platform for conducting research in economics. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Eldercare and job productivity: An accommodation analysis
Authors: Sherman Kenneth C. , Reed Kendra 
Published: February 2008

AbstractOver the next decade, the number of working adults relegated to the role of caregiver for one or more elderly family members will rapidly surge. The emotional, physical, and financial stress of caregiving has already begun to impact the productivity of the employee elder caregiver in the workplace, with estimates placing the annual costs around $30 billion. We can expect costs to grow as workers and their elderly parents continue to age. This particular study addresses the fundamental research question of what affects the job performance of employee elder caregivers. The results support the conclusion that the relationship among caregiving, personal support, organizational accommodation, and job productivity is multidimensional. Organizations attuned to the demands of elder caregiving can work with affected employees to reduce or eliminate declines in job productivity. Future researchers and practitioners can reconsider their research protocols and interventions along a wide continuum of interactions in the employee's home and workplace environments.
Time‐resolved MR angiography for the classification of endoleaks after endovascular aneurysm repair
Authors: Cohen Emil I. , Weinreb David B. , Siegelbaum Robert H. , Honig Sean , Marin Michael , Weintraub Joshua L. , Lookstein Robert A. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the utility of time‐resolved MR angiography (TR‐MRA), compared with digital subtraction angiography (DSA), in the classification of endoleaks in patients who have undergone endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR).Materials and MethodsThirty‐one patients who had undergone EVAR to repair an abdominal aortic aneurysm were evaluated with both TR‐MRA and DSA to determine endoleak etiology. The patient population consisted of 26 men and 5 women with a mean age of 78.5 years (range, 55–93 years). The mean time interval between TR‐MRA and DSA was 1.5 weeks (range, 1–8 weeks). Endoleaks were classified as type II when enhancement of the external iliac vessels was observed before the appearance of the endoleak; otherwise the endoleak was classified as type I or III. The results of TR‐MRA classification were compared with the reference gold standard, DSA.ResultsAgreement between TR‐MRA and DSA regarding endoleak classification occurred in 30 of 31 cases (97%). Discordant classification occurred in a case in which a Type II endoleak was misclassified as a Type III due to failure to visualize a lumbar vessel.ConclusionTR‐MRA is highly effective in classifying endoleaks following EVAR when compared with DSA. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2008;27:500–503. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Sliding multislice MRI for abdominal staging of patients with pelvic malignancies: A pilot study
Authors: Sommer Gregor , Schaefer Arnd‐Oliver , Baumann Tobias , Ludwig Ute A. , Fautz Hans‐Peter 
Published: February 2008

AbstractPurposeTo integrate SMS (sliding multislice imaging technique for acquiring axial images during continuous table motion) into a high‐resolution pelvic MRI protocol for additional staging of the entire abdomen within one examination.Materials and MethodsAxial two‐dimensional images were acquired during continuous table motion using a fat‐saturated contrast‐enhanced T1‐weighted gradient echo sequence. Patients held their breath during the first 20 s of the examination and breathed normally afterward while data acquisition continued. Measurement parameters were adjusted to optimize image quality throughout the total field of view. The method was investigated in 22 patients with pelvic malignancies. Two readers independently compared SMS image quality to conventional abdominal MR images, generated by a stationary multi‐breath‐hold gradient echo sequence.ResultsQualitative evaluation yielded high diagnostic value of SMS data in body regions with no or minor breathing motion, and in those acquired during the initial breath‐hold. Image quality in the upper abdomen, retroperitoneum, and pelvis is reproducible and equivalent to stationary MRI. Interfering artifacts are related to the intestine in the mid‐abdomen.ConclusionSMS is a promising technique that may have the potential for a first‐line abdominal staging tool in patients with pelvic malignancies. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2008;27:666–672. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Diagnostic efficacy of bone scintigraphy, magnetic resonance imaging, and positron emission tomography in bone metastases of myxoid liposarcoma
Authors: Conill Carlos , Setoain Xavier , Colomo Luis , Palacín Antonio , Combalia‐Aleu Andreu , Pomés Jaime , Marruecos Jordi , Vargas Mauricio , Maurel Joan 
Published: February 2008

AbstractMyxoid liposarcomas (MLS) have a tendency to metastasize to unusual sites. We report an unusual case of bone metastases not detected by bone scan and neither by fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET‐FDG) and successfully identified with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in a patient with metachronic MLS. Histopathological examination of the primary tumor evidenced a tumor with unfavorable prognostic markers, and the biopsy of an iliac bone lesion confirmed the diagnosis of metastatic disease. On histological grounds, the tumor showed features of a more differentiated neoplasm without foci of round cells or necrosis in the latter. MRI allowed the identification of disseminated disease compared to computed tomography (CT) and PET scans. Thus, because of the heterogeneous histological features of MLS and the biolog‐ical behavior of the disease, a combined approach of FDGPET‐CT and MRI, may allow a more accurate staging of soft tissue sarcomas. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2008;27:625–628. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A two step fractionation approach for plasma proteomics using immunodepletion of abundant proteins and multi‐lectin affinity chromatography: Application to the analysis of obesity, diabetes, and hypertension diseases
Authors: Dayarathna M. K. Disni R. , Hancock William S. , Hincapie Marina 
Published: February 2008

AbstractPlasma is an important biological material for biomarker discovery. However, the wide dynamic range in protein concentration remains a major challenge. In this paper, we introduce the development of a proteomic platform for analysis of plasma samples. The method utilizes a double fractionation approach which combines the MARS immunodepletion column with multi‐lectin affinity chromatography, M‐LAC, to deplete the most abundant proteins in plasma, the majority of which are glycosylated. To determine the suitability of this methodology, we applied the workflow described in this study to a sample set composed of four groups: a control pool and three different disease pools: obesity, diabetes, and hypertension. We were able to identify changes in the level of several proteins; for example, a protein such as angiotensinogen was found to be present at high levels in patients with obesity plus diabetes and hypertension. On the other hand, apolipoprotein CI was shown to be elevated in all disease groups. A review of the literature supported our observation. The methodology presented in this report was shown to be effective for profiling changes in the plasma proteome of subjects with obesity and its associated complications such as diabetes and hypertension.
Two‐dimensional LC–MS analysis of components in Swertia franchetiana Smith
Authors: Liu Yanming , Xu Qing , Xue Xingya , Zhang Feifang , Liang Xinmiao 
Published: February 2008

AbstractAn off‐line 2‐D‐LC approach was developed for the separation and identification of components in extracts of Swertia franchetiana Smith, which is a traditional Chinese medicine. An octadecylsilica column was used for further separation of fractions from a cyano column with UV and MS detection. In this method, a longer column was used in the second dimension to improve the separation ability, and “on‐column focusing” was adopted to reduce sample loss and pollution on concentrating the fractions from the first dimension. More than 118 and 575 components were detected in the chloroform and n‐butanol extracts by this method, respectively. In contrast, only 20 and 95 peaks were detected by the one‐dimensional method. Most of the additionally detected compounds were of low‐abundance components. Many compounds can be preliminarily identified according to their UV and mass spectra in the two‐dimensional method. The obtained results not only demonstrated the powerful resolution of 2‐D‐LC, but also led to in‐depth comprehension of the UV and mass spectra of complex samples.
Affinity chromatography for the purification of therapeutic proteins from transgenic maize using immobilized histamine
Authors: Platis Dimitris , Labrou Nikolaos E. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractPlant molecular pharming is a technology that uses plants as bioreactors to produce recombinant molecules of medical and veterinary importance. In the present study, we evaluated the ability of histamine (HIM), tryptamine (TRM), phenylamine (PHEM) and tyramine (TYRM) coupled to Sepharose CL‐4B via a 1,4‐butanediol diglycidyl ether spacer to bind and purify human monoclonal anti‐HIV antibody 2F5 (mAb 2F5) from spiked maize seed and tobacco leaf extracts. Detailed studies were carried out to determine the factors that affect the chromatographic behaviour of mAb 2F5 and also maize seed and tobacco leaf proteins. All affinity adsorbents showed a reduced capacity to bind and a reduced ability to purify proteins from tobacco extract compared to maize extract. Under optimal conditions, HIM exhibited high selectivity for mAb 2F5 and allowed a high degree of purification (>95% purity) and recovery (>90%) in a single step with salt elution (0.4 M KCl) from spiked maize seed extract. Analysis of the purified antibody fraction by ELISA and Western blot showed that the antibody was fully active and free of degraded variants or modified forms. The efficacy of the system was assessed further using a second therapeutic antibody (human monoclonal anti‐HIV antibody mAb 2G12) and a therapeutic enzyme (α‐chymotrypsin). HIM may find application in the purification of a wide range of biopharmaceuticals from transgenic plants.
Laserschweißen kombiniert mit Wirbelstromtechnik
Authors: Meier Oliver , von der Haar Christian , Kallage Peter 
Published: February 2008

AbstractDas Fügen von Blechteilen erfordert heute eine hohe Präzision. Die genaue Positionierung von Fügepartnern und Laserfokus bestimmen Kosten und Geschwindigkeit bei vielen Verfahren. Beim Nullspaltfügen bietet ein Wirbelstromsensor die Möglichkeit, schnell, robust und präzise die Lage des Spalts zu bestimmen. Damit lässt sich der Laserfokus effizient und in fast beliebigen Konturen über dem Werkstück positionieren.
Pikosekunden‐Laser: Strahlquellen für die moderne Fertigung
Authors: Herrmann Thomas 
Published: February 2008

AbstractDie Industrie ist dauernd bemüht ihre Produkte zu verbessern oder neue Ideen innovativ umzusetzen. Diese Ziele erfordern oft neue Fertigungsmethoden oder neue Werkzeuge. Bei der lasergestützten Fertigung spielen dabei ultrakurze Laserpulse eine besondere Rolle, da hier mit der sogenannten kalten Ablation Material ohne Wärmeeintrag bearbeitet werden kann. Pikosekunden Laser heben sich dabei besonders hervor: Höchste Qualität im Abtrag bei allen Materialien, Wirtschaftlichkeit und Flexibilität – mit diesen Eigenschaften kann der Pikosekunden Laser helfen, in der modernen Mikrofertigung viele neue Produkte auf den Weg zu bringen.
Ultrasound‐guided injection of the iliopsoas muscle with botulinum toxin in camptocormia
Authors: von Coelln Rainer , Raible Armin , Gasser Thomas , Asmus Friedrich 
Published: February 2008

AbstractCamptocormia is characterized by an abnormal posture of the trunk with pronounced flexion of the thoraco‐lumbar spine during standing and walking, which abates in a supine position. Treatment options for camptocormia are limited and mostly futile. Here, we report on the ultrasound‐guided ventral injection of botulinum toxin A (BTX) into deep portions of the iliopsoas muscle in four parkinsonian patients with camptocormia as chief complaint. Using this novel and safe application technique, all patients received 500–1,500 MU of BTX per side in 4–6 month intervals. Treatment was generally well tolerated. At the highest dose, all patients complained of mild weakness of hip flexion. Standardized physical exam at follow‐up visits, as well as self‐assessment of patients, failed to show a relevant and lasting improvement of posture. In conclusion, injection of BTX into the iliopsoas does not appear to be a promising approach for the treatment of parkinsonism‐associated camptocormia. © 2008 Movement Disorder Society
Evaluation of extra‐ and intracellular apparent diffusion coefficient of sodium in rat skeletal muscle: Effects of prolonged ischemia
Authors: Babsky Andriy M. , Topper Stephen , Zhang Hong , Gao Yong , James Judy R. , Hekmatyar Shahryar K. , Bansal Navin 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThe mechanism of water and sodium apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) changes in rat skeletal muscle during global ischemia was examined by in vivo 1H and 23Na magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). The ADCs of Na+ and water are expected to have similar characteristics because sodium is present as an aqua‐cation in tissue. The shift reagent, TmDOTP5‐, was used to separate intra‐ and extracellular sodium (Na and Na, respectively) signals. Water, total tissue sodium (Na), Na, and Na ADCs were measured before and 1, 2, 3, and 4 hr after ischemia. Contrary to the general perception, Na and Na ADCs were identical before ischemia. Thus, ischemia‐induced changes in Na ADC cannot be explained by a simple change in the size of relative intracellular or extracellular space. Na and Na ADCs decreased after 2–4 hr of ischemia, while water and Na ADC remained unchanged. The correlation between Na and Na ADCs was observed because of high Na concentration. Similarly, the correlation between water and Na ADCs was observed because cells occupy 80% of the tissue space in the skeletal muscle. Ischemia also caused an increase in the Na and an equal decrease in Na signal intensity due to cessation of Na+/K+‐ATPase function. Magn Reson Med 59:485–491, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Relational victimization: The association between recalled adolescent social experiences and emotional adjustment in early adulthood
Authors: Dempsey Allison G. , Storch Eric A. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractAlthough the relationship between relational victimization and psychosocial adjustment in adolescence has been established, it is unknown whether it extends into early adulthood. The current retrospective study investigated the relationship between recall of adolescent relational victimization and symptoms of depression, social anxiety, and loneliness in 205 undergraduate students. The effects of gender and perceived social support on these relationships were assessed, as were the psychometric qualities of the Relational Victimization Questionnaire (RVQ). Recalled adolescent relational victimization was related to increased symptoms of depression and social anxiety; neither gender nor perceived social support affected the strength of these relationships. Results indicated that the RVQ has adequate internal consistency and a single factor structure. Implications for psychologists working with adolescents are highlighted. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cyberbullying: A preliminary assessment for school personnel
Authors: Mason Kimberly L. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractBecause of the advent and growth of technology, a new variation of bullying—cyberbullying—has transformed from the physical to the virtual. Cyberbullying is a form of psychological cruelty. Although cyberbullying usually occurs off school grounds, schools are experiencing its repercussions (Li, 2006). This article provides an overview of cyberbullying, defines the difference between bullying and cyberbullying, and provides a psychological explanation of cyberbullying behaviors and the psychological impact of cyberbullying. The review of literature suggests that there is a lapse in preventative intervention to create and maintain awareness and safety for young people. Implications and guidelines are provided for school personnel to address this problem and develop prevention strategies. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
For the proposition: for the diagnosis of viral infections, commercial assays provide more reliable results than do in‐house assays
Authors: Gammie Alistair James 
Published: February 2008

AbstractIt cannot be disputed that in‐house (‘home brew’) assays have a part to play in the diagnosis of emerging or evolving infections such as avian influenza H5N1. In such circumstances, diagnostic companies can provide Research Use Only (RUO) or analyte specific reagents (ASR) to facilitate development. In contrast, the provision of commercial assays is governed by regulatory approval and subject to regular audit by the relevant regulatory bodies to ensure continued quality process throughout the continuum of product management. From initial design, through to post‐launch support, the process has to meet the requirements of the USA Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Quality System Regulation (FDA, 1996) as well as that of the international quality standards, for example ISO 9001 (Int. Standard ISO 9001, 2000). Because of the quality policies that are implemented in the commercial environment, I will argue that, where available, commercial assays should replace in‐house methods in order to ensure long term reliability of results. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pain experienced during transvaginal ultrasound, saline contrast sonohysterography, hysteroscopy and office sampling: a comparative study
Authors: Van den Bosch T. , Verguts J. , Daemen A. , Gevaert O. , Domali E. , Claerhout F. , Vandenbroucke V. , De Moor B. , Deprest J. , Timmerman D. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate and compare the pain experienced by women during transvaginal ultrasound, saline contrast sonohysterography (SCSH), diagnostic hysteroscopy and office sampling.MethodsThis was a descriptive study of 402 consecutive patients presenting at a ‘one‐stop’ Bleeding Clinic between October 2004 and November 2006. Thirty‐nine percent of the patients were postmenopausal. The patients underwent the following examinations transvaginally: first ultrasound with color Doppler, second SCSH, third diagnostic hysteroscopy and fourth endometrial biopsy. After completion of the examinations the patients were asked to complete a questionnaire including a visual analog scale (VAS) about their subjective appreciation of all four examinations. Two‐hundred and ninety‐three (72%) patients returned the questionnaire.ResultsThe median (range) VAS scores for transvaginal ultrasound, SCSH, diagnostic hysteroscopy and endometrial sampling were 1.0 (0–8.1), 2.2 (0–10), 2.7 (0–10) and 5.1 (0–10), respectively (P < 0.0001). The patients' answers to the other questions about the pain experienced, including comparison with other minor procedures such as venous blood sampling, were all concordant with the VAS scores.ConclusionsTransvaginal ultrasound was the procedure best accepted, followed by SCSH, hysteroscopy and endometrial sampling. These results suggest that patients would prefer SCSH over hysteroscopy as an initial diagnostic approach in the evaluation of abnormal uterine bleeding. Copyright © 2008 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
What information on fetal anatomy can be provided by a single first‐trimester transabdominal three‐dimensional sweep?
Authors: Fauchon D. E. V. , Benzie R. J. , Wye D. A. , Cairns D. R. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the extent to which the fetal anatomy detailed in The Fetal Medicine Foundation Nuchal Translucency software program can be visualized using the stored dataset of a single transabdominal three‐dimensional (3D) volume sweep of the entire fetus between 11 and 13 + 6 weeks' gestation.MethodsTransabdominal 3D volume sweeps of the entire fetus in 273 singleton pregnancies were performed in the mid‐sagittal plane (Observer 1). The datasets were copied to a compact disc and manipulated on a personal computer using ultrasound software in the sectional planes mode. Each dataset was manipulated and analyzed by two separate investigators (Observers 2 and 3), who were blinded to each other's results.ResultsThe crown–rump length (CRL) and nuchal translucency thickness (NT) were measured by both investigators in 100% and 84.6% of cases, respectively. Increasing maternal weight significantly reduced the odds of the investigators being able to visualize most of the anatomical characteristics tested, and increasing CRL significantly increased the odds of the investigators being able to identify half of the characteristics tested. There were negligible clinical differences in measurements of NT and CRL between the three observers. Paired t‐tests and intraclass correlations showed that, while there were statistically significant differences for NT measurements, the effect size was small and would have little clinical impact on screening results.ConclusionA single transabdominal 3D sweep at 11 to 13 + 6 weeks' gestation provides appropriate views of the fetus for evaluation of both anatomy and NT in the vast majority of cases. Copyright © 2008 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.