bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An In Vitro Comparison of Vertical Marginal Gaps of CAD/CAM Titanium and Conventional Cast Restorations
Authors: Tan Philip L. , Gratton David G. , Diaz‐Arnold Ana M. , Holmes David C. 
Published: March 2008

Abstract Purpose: To determine if there was a significant difference between the vertical marginal openings of cast restorations, computer‐aided design, and computer‐aided machining restorations. Materials and Methods: Ten working dies were created from a single master die and used to fabricate ten restorations in each of the following groups: computer‐aided design/computer‐assisted machining (CAD/CAM), WAX/CAM, and WAX/CAST. The CAD/CAM titanium restorations were fabricated using the scanning and crown design modules of the KaVo Everest system. The WAX/CAM titanium restorations were fabricated using the double scan technique with the KaVo Everest system. The WAX/CAST high noble copings were fabricated using the conventional lost wax casting technique. The restorations were seated on the master die, and high‐resolution digital photographs were made of the marginal area on all four sides. The vertical marginal opening was then measured using a calibrated digital software program. One‐way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc tests were used to determine the presence of statistically significant differences. Results: The vertical margin openings were CAD/CAM: 79.43 ± 25.46 μm; WAX/CAM: 73.12 ± 24.15 μm; WAX/CAST: 23.91 ± 9.80 μm. There was a statistically significant difference between the WAX/CAST group and the remaining groups. Conclusions: There was no difference between the vertical marginal gaps of the CAD/CAM and WAX/CAM. The WAX/CAST technique resulted in smaller vertical marginal gaps than either CAD/CAM or WAX/CAM.
Effect of Zirconia Type on Its Bond Strength with Different Veneer Ceramics
Authors: Aboushelib Moustafa N. , Kleverlaan Cornelis J. , Feilzer Albert J. 
Published: March 2008

Abstract Purpose: The bond strength between veneer ceramic and the zirconia framework is the weakest component in the layered structure. This bond was proven to be sensitive to the surface finish of the framework material and to the type of the veneer ceramic and its method of application. New colored zirconia frameworks were introduced to enhance the final esthetics of the layered all‐ceramic restoration. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of zirconia type, white or colored, and its surface finish on the bond strength to two veneer ceramics. Materials and Methods: Five commercial zirconia framework materials (Cercon white and yellow, Lava white and yellow, Procera zirconia) received either of the following surface treatments: CAD/CAM milled surface, airborne‐particle abrasion, and liner application. Two veneering ceramics were used to veneer the specimens: Noble Rondo and Ceram Express. The disc‐shaped layered specimens were cut into microbars, and microtensile bond strength (MTBS) test was conducted. Structural and chemical differences between the white and colored frameworks were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive analysis. Two‐way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc tests were used to analyze the data (p < 0.05 was considered significant). Results: The type of zirconia framework had a significant effect on the core–veneer bond strength, which was material dependent. The bond strength to colored zirconia was significantly weaker compared to white zirconia frameworks. Different surface treatments had different effects on the core–veneer bond strength according to the zirconia material used. Although no marked chemical differences between the examined zirconia materials could be found, there were structural differences, especially between white and colored zirconia and for different zirconia frameworks of different manufacturers, which significantly affected core–veneer bond strength values. Conclusion: The addition of coloring pigments to zirconia frameworks resulted in structural changes that require different surface treatment before veneering. To prevent delamination and chipping failures of zirconia veneered restorations, careful selection of both framework and veneer ceramic materials, in addition to proper surface treatment, are essential for maintaining good bond strength.
Cellular and molecular mechanisms that mediate basal and tumour necrosis factor‐α‐induced regulation of myosin light chain kinase gene activity
Authors: Ye Dongmei , Ma Thomas Y. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThe patients with Crohn's disease (CD) have a ‘leaky gut’ manifested by an increase in intestinal epithelial tight junction (TJ) permeability. Tumour necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) is a proto‐typical pro‐inflammatory cytokine that plays a central role in intestinal inflammation of CD. An important pro‐inflammatory action of TNF‐α is to cause a functional opening of intestinal TJ barrier. Previous studies have shown that TNF‐α increase in TJ permeability was regulated by an increase in myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) gene activity and protein expression. The major aim of this study was to elucidate the cellular and molecular mechanisms that mediate basal and TNF‐α‐induced increase in MLCK gene activity. By progressive 5′ deletion, minimal MLCK promoter was localized between −313 to +118 on MLCK promoter. A p53 binding site located within minimal promoter region was identified as an essential determinant for basal promoter activity. A 4 bp start site and a 5 bp downstream promoter element were required for MLCK gene activity. TNF‐α‐induced increase in MLCK promoter activity was mediated by NF‐κB activation. There were eight κB binding sites on MLCK promoter. The NF‐κB1 site at +48 to +57 mediated TNF‐α‐induced increase in MLCK promoter activity. The NF‐κB2 site at −325 to −316 had a repressive role on promoter activity. The opposite effects on promoter activity were due to differences in the NF‐κB dimer type binding to the κB sites. p50/p65 dimer preferentially binds to the NF‐κB1 site and up‐regulates promoter activity; while p50/p50 dimer preferentially binds to the NF‐κB2 site and down‐regulates promoter activity. In conclusion, we have identified the minimal MLCK promoter region, essential molecular determinants and molecular mechanisms that mediate basal and TNF‐α‐induced modulation of MLCK promoter activity in Caco‐2 intestinal epithelial cells. These studies provide novel insight into the cellular and molecular mechanisms that regulate basal and TNF‐α‐induced modulation of MLCK gene activity.
A Retrospective study of root coverage procedures using an image analysis system
Authors: Kerner Stéphane , Borghetti Alain , Katsahian Sandrine , Etienne Daniel , Malet Jacques , Mora Francis , Monnet‐Corti Virginie , Glise Jean‐Marc , Bouchard Philippe 
Published: March 2008

AbstractAim: To investigate the efficacy of root coverage procedures and factors that may affect the clinical outcomes in non‐experimental patients.Material and Methods: Two hundred and eighty‐seven root coverage surgical procedures in 215 adult patients were evaluated retrospectively. Descriptive statistics were used to determine the patient profile. Comparisons between surgeries were assessed, and the impact of different parameters on the probability of mean/complete root coverage and gingival augmentation was explored.Results: The mean percentage of root coverage was 72.29 (± 28)%. Complete root coverage was observed in 35.56% of the defects. The difference between the surgical procedures was not significant. The mean percentage of gingival augmentation was 106.18 (± 260)%. The difference between non‐submerged grafts and the other techniques was significant (p<10−3). A significant negative impact of smoking, and maxillary teeth for both mean and complete root coverage were found. A significant positive impact of the tuberosity donor site was found for complete root coverage. Maxillary teeth and Miller's Class II and III were positive predictive factors for gingival augmentation.Conclusions: Under non‐experimental conditions, root coverage procedures are effective. Smoking, maxillary teeth, donor site, and Miller's Classes are prognostic factors that may affect the results.
A pilot study of fluorescence diagnosis of basal cell carcinoma using a digital flash light‐based imaging system
Authors: Gambichler Thilo , Moussa Georg , Altmeyer Peter 
Published: March 2008

SummaryBackground/purpose: Fluorescence diagnosis (FD) is a promising method for the non‐invasive detection of tumor boundaries. We aimed to investigate the clinical utility of a flash light‐based fluorescence imaging system.Methods: Sixteen patients with basal cell carcinomas were included in this pilot study. FD was performed using a 20% 5‐aminolevulinic acid (ALA) cream. The FD tumor area was determined 3 h after the ALA application using a digital flash light‐based fluorescence imaging system and an image analysis system. The tumor area was also assessed by means of the clinical diagnosis (CD) based on the normal colored picture. The tumors were excised following the FD procedure, but according to the clinically diagnosed lesional area.Results: Though there was a very strong correlation between the tumor areas assessed by FD and CD, the mean tumor area that was visualized by FD was significantly smaller than the tumor area determined by CD. The mean±SD FD/CD ratio was 0.78±0.11 in total. In 81.3% of cases, complete tumor excision was achieved.Conclusion: This pilot study indicates that the FD technology may be less sensitive than CD, and refinements of the technique along with larger systematic trials on the sensitivity and specificity of FD are required.
A case of Schamberg's disease responding dramatically to PUVA treatment
Authors: Seckin Dilek , Yazici Zuleyha , Senol Asli , Demircay Zeynep 
Published: March 2008

SummaryPigmented purpuric dermatoses are a group of chronic, recurrent disorders characterized by purpuric lesions mainly involving the lower extremities. Their etiology is unknown. Treatment options are limited and none of them have proven benefit. Phototherapy has been reported to be effective in a small number of patients in the literature. We present a case of Schamberg's disease showing a dramatic response to psoralen plus ultraviolet A therapy and discuss the current therapeutic options focusing mainly on phototherapy. We believe that phototherapy is a valuable alternative, especially for patients with long‐standing and widespread pigmented purpuric dermatitis.
Ultraviolet‐B treatment for cutaneous lichen planus: our experience with 50 patients
Authors: Pavlotsky Felix , Nathansohn Nir , Kriger Grigory , Shpiro Dorit , Trau Henri 
Published: March 2008

SummaryBackground: Previous small reports suggested the role of ultraviolet (UV)‐B in the management of cutaneous lichen planus.Objective: To summarize our experience with UVB in a relatively large study group looking specifically into predictive factors for complete response and the long‐term relapse rates.Methods: A retrospective analysis of 50 patients with generalized cutaneous lichen planus, treated by broad or narrow band UVB.Results: Seven and 43 patients were treated by broad and narrow band UVB, respectively. Complete response was achieved in 70% and 85% of those were still in remission after a median of 34.7 months. The complete response rate and the need for higher cumulative exposure doses were not influenced by sex, age, skin type, presence of additional diseases, failure of previous treatment or disease duration.Limitations: This is a retrospective non‐randomized analysis of a usually self‐limiting disease.Conclusion: UVB is a safe and efficient treatment option for generalized cutaneous lichen planus.
Photoallergic contact dermatitis to Heracleum giganteum
Authors: Karimian‐Teherani Daniela , Kinaciyan Tamar , Tanew Adrian 
Published: March 2008

Summary Heracleum plants occur in numerous species worldwide and may cause phototoxic reactions due to its content of various furocoumarins. In this case report, a widespread photoallergic contact dermatitis after exposure to Heracleum giganteum (giant bear claw) is described. A photopatch test with extracts from the stem, leaves and seeds of the giant bear claw revealed a positive papulovesicular reaction that already appeared at 24 h and peaked at 72 h after irradiation with 5 J/cm2 UVA. The unirradiated controls remained negative. We conclude that in rare cases Heracleum plants may cause severe photoallergic reactions that can be verified by photopatch testing.
Phenotypic Plasticity of Life History Characteristics: Quantitative Analysis of Delayed Reproduction of Green Foxtail (Setaria viridis) in the Songnen Plain of China
Authors: Li Hai‐Yan , Yang Yun‐Fei 
Published: March 2008

Abstract Green foxtail (Setaria viridis L.) is a common weed species in temperate regions. Research on the effect of delayed reproduction on the phenotypic plasticity and regularity of the vegetative and reproductive growth is of vital significance for understanding population regulation and control of the weed in the growing season. Green foxtail seeds were sown every 10 days from 25 June to 24 August of 2004. The growth and production metrics were measured via harvesting tufts and statistical analysis was carried out. The results showed that the reproductive tillers, seed number, seed biomass and one thousand‐seed weight of plants at the first sowing (25 June) approximately increased 28.8, 7 827.0, 1 104.0 and 12.3 times compared with that at the last sowing (24 August), respectively. Total tillers, reproductive tillers and height increased linearly as the reproductive period delayed, however, biomass increased exponentially. Quadratic equations best explained the relationships between the delayed reproductive period and seed number, inflorescence length, one thousand‐seed weight, seed biomass. Based on the quantity and quality of seed production, weeding young seedlings emerging before July can be the most effective weed‐control strategy in the Songnen Plain.
Maternal antibody, vaccination and reproductive failure in dogs with parvovirus infection
Authors: GOODING G. E. , ROBINSON W. F. 
Published: March 2008

Summary. The maternal antibody (MAb) titre to canine parvovirus (CPV) was determined on consecutive serums from 39 puppies in 7 litters. Vaccination with inactivated CPV was performed at a variety of ages and the response of the puppies determined. Transfer of MAb was demonstrated in 71% (5/7) of the litters and persisted for up to 10 weeks in some litters. MAb titres of >20 precluded a vaccination response by puppies. Sixty‐ one per cent (8/13) of puppies responded to vaccination when the MAb titre was <20. However, no anamestic response occurred and in some cases a decrease in antibody titre was observed following a second vaccination. During an outbreak of canine parvovirus enteritis (CPE) in the kennel, 33 puppies developed clinical signs of enteritis. Of these puppies 85% (28) had MAb titres of <80 at the onset of clinical signs. Fifty per cent (4/8) of the puppies which responded to vaccination developed CPE, whereas 100% (5/5) of those that did not respond to vaccination developed CPE.The results indicate that MAb may persist for up to 10 weeks and puppies with MAb in the titre range >20 to <80 do not respond to vaccination but are still susceptible to infection. It is also apparent that a significant minority of puppies with MAb <20 do not respond to vaccination.An examination of the breeding records of the kennel for the 7 year period 1973–1981 demonstrated a sudden decrease in reproductive efficiency during and subsequent to 1978. This coincided with the recognition of cases of CPV infection in the kennel. It is suggested that further investigation is required into the possible role of CPV in reproductive failure.The authors would like to thank H. Findlay, P. Hinchliffe, G. Griffiths and S. MacPhail for technical assistance and Dr G. Wilcox and R. Flower for helpful discussion and advice.
The trichostrongyloid parasites of sheep in South Australia and their regional distribution
Authors: BEVERIDGE I. , FORD G. E. 
Published: March 2008

Summary. The species of trichostrongyloid nematodes present in 376 sheep from different agricultural regions of the state of South Australia were determined.Parasites encountered in the abomasum were Teladorsagia circumcincta, T. trifurcata, T. davtiani, Camelostrongylus mentulatus, Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus axel. T. circumcincta was the species most commonly encountered, but C. mentulatus was widespread in arid areas. H. contortus was present in a small number of sheep only, mainly in southern areas.In the small intestine, Trichostrongylus vitrinus predominated in the wetter, southern districts, and T. rugatus in dry, northern areas. T. colubriformis was common, but was rarely dominant. T. probolurus was found in one sheep. Nematodirus filicollis was restricted to wetter, southern areas, while N. spathiger and N. abnormalis were widespread and predominated in dry areas. N. helvetianus was found once. Cooperia species were uncommon; species encountered were C. oncophora, C. surnabada and C. pectinata.Thanks are due to P. M. Bonnin, E. Moore, S. M. Fitzsimons, F. M. and R. R. Martin and M. G. O'Callaghan for excellent technical assistance, and to members of the South Australian Department of Agriculture, particularly the staff of the Northern Region, for collecting material or helping with the collection.
Serum neopterin levels in patients with non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis
Authors: Uygun Ahmet , Kadayifci Abdurrahman , Musabak Ugur , Ercin Nuri , Karslioglu Yildirim , Degertekin Bulent , Kurt Bulent , Bagci Sait 
Published: March 2008

Aim:  Neopterin is a marker of cell‐mediated immunity. It also has a fundamental role in host‐defense reactions, including interactions with reactive oxygen intermediates and the promotion of local and systemic oxidative stress. The present study aimed to assess the importance of serum neopterin levels in patients with non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).Methods:  Thirty‐nine patients with NASH diagnosed by liver biopsy and 32 healthy adults (controls) were enrolled in the study. Serum neopterin levels were measured with an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay in addition to other biochemical parameters, including liver enzymes. Histopathological examinations were graded as suggested by both the necroinflammatory activity grading system and the NASH scoring system.Results:  The mean serum neopterin levels were higher in patients with NASH compared to the controls (24.1 ± 16.4 vs 16.2 ± 9.5, P = 0.019). The histological examination of liver biopsies revealed that 34 of the patients with NASH had grade 1 steatohepatitis and only five patients had grade 2 steatohepatitis. A higher serum mean neopterin level was detected in grade 2 patients compared to grade 1 (40.6 ± 5.6 vs 21.7 ± 16.1, P = 0.014). A gradual increase was also observed in serum neopterin levels with the increase of the NASH score.Conclusion:  The serum neopterin levels were significantly higher in patients with NASH compared to the controls, and levels showed an association with the severity of liver damage.
Inhibition of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) RNA Polymerase by DNA Aptamers: Mechanism of Inhibition of In Vitro RNA Synthesis and Effect on HCV-Infected Cells
Authors: Bellecave Pantxika , Cazenave Christian , Rumi Julie , Staedel Cathy , Cosnefroy Ophélie , Andreola Marie-Line , Ventura Michel , Tarrago-Litvak Laura , Astier-Gin Thérèse 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTWe describe here the further characterization of two DNA aptamers that specifically bind to hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA polymerase (NS5B) and inhibit its polymerase activity in vitro. Although they were obtained from the same selection procedure and contain an 11-nucleotide consensus sequence, our results indicate that aptamers 27v and 127v use different mechanisms to inhibit HCV polymerase. While aptamer 27v was able to compete with the RNA template for binding to the enzyme and blocked both the initiation and the elongation of RNA synthesis, aptamer 127v competed poorly and exclusively inhibited initiation and postinitiation events. These results illustrate the power of the selective evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment in vitro selection procedure approach to select specific short DNA aptamers able to inhibit HCV NS5B by different mechanisms. We also determined that, in addition to an in vitro inhibitory effect on RNA synthesis, aptamer 27v was able to interfere with the multiplication of HCV JFH1 in Huh7 cells. The efficient cellular entry of these short DNAs and the inhibitory effect observed on human cells infected with HCV indicate that aptamers are useful tools for the study of HCV RNA synthesis, and their use should become a very attractive and alternative approach to therapy for HCV infection.
Multiclonal Outbreak of
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Producing Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase CTX-M-2 and Novel Variant CTX-M-59 in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in Brazil
Authors: de Oliveira Garcia Doroti , Doi Yohei , Szabo Dora , Adams-Haduch Jennifer M. , Vaz Tânia M. I. , Leite Daniela , Padoveze Maria Clara , Freire Maristela P. , Silveira Fernanda P. , Paterson David L. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT

An outbreak of cephalosporin-resistant
Klebsiella pneumoniae
occurred in a neonatal intensive care unit in São Paulo, Brazil. Of the 10 pulsotypes identified during the outbreak and follow-up periods, nine produced CTX-M-2 or its new variant CTX-M-59 and one produced SHV-5.
bla
CTX-M-2
/
59
genes were located on closely related plasmids that were transferable.
Trypanosoma cruziInduces Regulatory Dendritic Cells In Vitro
Authors: Poncini Carolina Verónica , Soto Catalina Dirney Alba , Batalla Estela , Solana Maria Elisa , González Cappa Stella Maris 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTA main feature of acute infection withTrypanosoma cruziis the presence of immunological disorders. A previous study demonstrated that acute infection with the virulent RA strain downregulates the expression of major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II) on antigen-presenting cells and impairs the T-cell stimulatory capacity of splenic dendritic cells (DC). In the present work, we assessed the ability of trypomastigotes (Tp) to modulate the differentiation stage and functionality of bone marrow-derived DC in vitro. We observed that the Tp stage ofT. cruzifailed to activate DC, which preserved their low expression of MHC-II and costimulatory molecules, as well as their endocytic activity. We also show that Tp induced transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) secretion by DC and enhanced the gap between interleukin-10 (IL-10) and IL-12p70 production, showing a higher IL-10/IL-12p70 ratio upon lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment. In addition, we observed that Tp prevented DC full activation induced by LPS, thereby downregulating their MHC-II surface expression and inhibiting their capacity to stimulate lymphocyte proliferation. In vitro IL-10 neutralization during the differentiation process of DC with Tp+LPS showed a reversion of their inhibitory effect during mixed lymphocyte reaction. In contrast, only simultaneous neutralization of IL-10 and TGF-β, after DC differentiation, was involved in the partial restitution of lymphocyte proliferation. Since both TGF-β and IL-10 are immunosuppressive cytokines essential in the modulation of the immune response and important in the induction of tolerance, our results suggest for the first time that Tp are responsible for the generation of regulatory DC in vitro.