bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Building photonic links for microwave quantum processors
Authors: Zhao Han 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Optical photons play unique role in transmitting information over long distances. Photonic links by the optical fiber networks compose the backbone of today’s global internet. Such fiber optics can also provide the most cost-effective quantum channels to distribute quantum information across distant stationary nodes in future large-scale quantum networks. This prospect motivates the recent emerging efforts in developing microwave-optical quantum transduction technology to interconnect microwave quantum processors. Various frequency conversion approaches are investigated to efficiently bridge the enormous electromagnetic frequency gap while preserving quantum coherence. Nonetheless, high-fidelity entanglement generation between remote quantum processing units has remained out of reach to date. Here, we summarize the state-of-the-art progresses in quantum transducer engineering and provide the perspectives on the key challenges and opportunities toward optically heralded quantum entanglement distributions.
Simultaneous control of three degrees of freedom in perfect vector vortex beams based on metasurfaces
Authors: Li Siyang , Zheng Yaqin , Zhou Changda , He Guoli , Shi Zhonghong , Li Haoyang , Zhou Zhang-Kai 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The perfect vector vortex beams (PVVBs) have played an important role in various fields due to their advantages of unique vortex features, flexible polarization distribution and multiple degrees of freedom (DoFs). The simultaneous and precise control over multiple DoFs, such as the polarization distribution, beam shape and position which greatly influence various characteristics of PVVBs, holds paramount importance. However, it is still difficult to manipulate various DoFs in a multiplexing way and the control precision of polarization distribution only reaches the half-integer level, notably hindering the further application and development of PVVBs. Here, an approach that integrates holographic technique with geometric phase metasurfaces, experimentally demonstrates the multiplexing control of PVVBs over three DoFs, i.e., enabling the independent manipulation of non-uniform polarization distributions, beam shapes and spatial positions. Furthermore, non-integer polarization order of the generated PVVBs can be arbitrary non-integer numbers with a high resolution of 0.1, largely improving the control precision. With such multiplexing manipulation of PVVBs with high precision, we can provide abundant processing dimensions for information science and technologies, exhibiting broad application potentials in fields such as information encryption, high-speed optical communication, and precise particle manipulation.
Satisfaction with health care among people with differences of sex development (DSD) in Germany
Authors: Schnoor Maike , Heidenreich Andreas , Jürgensen Martina , Döhnert Ulla , Hiort Olaf , Katalinic Alexander , _ _ 
Published: February 2025

Objective
Individuals with a difference of sex development (DSD) face complex medical and psychosocial challenges, which can make it difficult to provide care tailored to their needs and in line with guidelines. The DSDCare project in Germany regularly evaluates the quality of care for people with DSD, focusing on patient satisfaction as a key indicator of care quality.

Design
Nationwide, longitudinal, multicentre observational study in Germany, including people with DSD.

Methods
Since May 2021, ten specialised DSD centres have been recruiting individuals with DSD and collecting patient-related medical data in a registry. Participants and legal guardians, in the case of minors, complete a questionnaire about satisfaction with care using the Y/CHC-SUN questionnaire. Both medical and self-reported data were merged and analysed descriptively.

Results
Between May 2021 and December 2023, 141 adults and 232 parents completed the questionnaire. Of these, 81.9% of adults and 86.4% of parents reported being ‘very’ or ‘extremely satisfied’ with their healthcare. Satisfaction scores in the dimensions ‘doctor’s behaviour’ and ‘patient-centred care’ were very high for both adults and parents, while the dimensions ‘clinical environment’, ‘diagnosis/information’ and ‘coordination’ were rated slightly lower. Some participants expressed unmet needs for DSD training, psychological counselling, contact with self-advocacy groups and, in the case of adults, nutritional counselling.

Conclusion
Individuals with DSD treated at specialised DSD centres in Germany report high satisfaction with their care. The next step is to ensure that all individuals with DSD have access to a specialised centre to where their care needs can be met.

Significance statement
Several international guidelines provide recommendations for the management of individuals with DSD. Previous studies examining the evolution of management practices in response to these guidelines have concluded that while some are being implemented, others are not, with notable regional variations. In addition, there is limited understanding of satisfaction with care from the perspective of adults and, in particular, from parents of children with DSD, which is a key indicator of quality of care. Consequently, our study focused on patient-related outcomes and experiences, as well as on identifying unmet needs to enhance the quality of care for individuals with DSD in Germany.
Predicción de la resiliencia y horas de recreación mediante factores personales y socioeconómicos en un grupo de estudiantes de la Universidad Técnica Nacional, Sede Central
Authors: Rodríguez Soto Joel , Romero Barquero Cecilia Enith 
Published: February 2025

La resiliencia es la capacidad que permite, al ser humano, superar las adversidades que se presentan en la vida y, a su vez, fortalecerse en el trayecto. Un contexto en el que las personas se ven expuestas a dificultades es el entorno universitario. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivos: a) medir el efecto predictor de variables como la edad, el sexo, la condición socioeconómica y las horas estimadas de recreación semanal sobre el valor global de la resiliencia, y b) el valor predictivo de la edad, sexo, condición socioeconómica y resiliencia en la variable horas semanales de recreación, en un grupo de personas estudiantes de la Universidad Técnica Nacional Sede Central. Participaron 167 personas con edad promedio de 22.8 años. El diseño de estudio fue descriptivo y transversal, desde un enfoque cuantitativo. Se aplicaron dos instrumentos, el primero de información general y el segundo fue la escala SVRES de 60 ítems para medir la resiliencia. El modelo de regresión lineal para la variable valor global de resiliencia encontró un R2 de 0.058. Esto supone una varianza de 5.8%. El análisis no fue significativo (F = 1.653, p = 0.136) y explica que las seis variables en conjunto no predicen significativamente el valor global de la resiliencia. La única variable que resultó predictora del valor global de resiliencia fue el sexo (coeficiente BootStrap = 8.98, p = 0.044). Para la variable dependiente horas semanales de recreación se halló un R2 de 0.115, lo que explica una varianza de 11.5%. Este análisis resultó significativo (F = 3.46, p = 0.003). Dos variables resultaron predictoras para las horas semanales de recreación, apoyo residencial (coeficiente BootStrap = -6.18, p = 0.01) y condición laboral (coeficiente BootStrap = -5.916, p = 0.01). Los hallazgos apoyan la teoría de que la resiliencia es una variable multidimensional, cuya magnitud puede verse afectada por variables como el sexo. Se considera importante valorar el efecto que tiene la condición socioeconómica de las personas estudiantes en las horas de recreación y en diferentes contextos de la vida estudiantil universitaria, para desarrollar diferentes actividades recreativas que fomenten la resiliencia en la comunidad estudiantil.
Construction and validation of the motives for smartphone use questionnaire
Authors: Mostyn Sullivan Beau , George Amanda M. , Rickwood Debra 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackground and aimsSmartphones have been so widely adopted that many consider them essential for modern life. However, some people use their phone excessively, which can cause functional impairment or harm, termed problematic smartphone use (PSU). Smartphone use motives may help explain why users engage in general smartphone use and PSU, but existing measures may not capture certain motives which research suggests are important to smartphone use. To address this, across two studies, we constructed and validated a Motives for Smartphone Use Questionnaire (MSUQ) among young adults.Methods and resultsIn Study 1, the Delphi method was used, whereby engagement with a panel of 23 international academic experts resulted in a pool of 62 smartphone use motives items that measure 11 proposed motives. In Study 2, the 62 items were administered to 680 young adults aged 18–25 years (Mage = 22.50, SD = 2.16). Results from exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses found that the MSUQ has a seven-factor structure, assessing smartphone use to cope, pass time, socialize, obtain social comfort, feel safe, fulfil social obligations, and seek information. These motives differentially influenced PSU and smartphone usage.ConclusionsThe MSUQ is a valid measure of motives for smartphone use. It was developed specifically for smartphone use and it includes motives not captured in prior measures.
ShakeAlert® Version 3: Expected Performance in Large Earthquakes
Authors: McGuire Jeffrey J. , Ulberg Carl W. , Lux Angie I. , Böse Maren , Andrews Jennifer R. , Smith Deborah E. , Crowell Brendan W. , Murray Jessica R. , Henson Ivan , Hartog Renate , Felizardo Claude , Huynh Minh , Aranha Mario , Parker Grace A. , Baltay Annemarie , Murray Mark H. , Biasi Glenn P. , Guiwits Steve , Saunders Jessie K. , Good Andrew D. , Marcelo Santillan Victor , Scrivner Craig W. , Szeliga Walter M. , Melbourne Timothy I. , Kress Victor , de Groot Robert M. , McBride Sara K. , Given Douglas , Allen Richard M. , Heaton Thomas H. , Husker Allen , Thomas Valerie , Tobin Harold J. , Jha Sumant , Bunn Julian 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT
The ShakeAlert earthquake early warning (EEW) system partners along with U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) licensed operators deliver EEW alerts to the public and trigger automated systems when a significant earthquake is expected to impact California, Oregon, or Washington. ShakeAlert’s primary goal is to provide usable warning times before the arrival of damaging shaking. EEW is most likely to achieve this goal in large-magnitude earthquakes. In recent years, ShakeAlert has gone through a series of upgrades to its underlying scientific algorithms aimed at improved performance during large earthquakes. Version 3 of this software recently went live in the production system and includes improvements to all algorithms. The main seismic algorithms that detect an earthquake and characterize its location, magnitude, and fault rupture orientation are faster than older versions. Other key changes include: using real-time geodetic data to characterize the magnitude growth in large earthquakes; the introduction of an alert pause procedure to compromise between speed near the epicenter and improved accuracy at larger distances; and the inclusion of a nonergodic site-response model in the ground-motion predictions. ShakeAlert has achieved its primary goal of usable warning times before strong shaking at some locations in real-time operations in recent M 6 earthquakes. Using offline tests, we demonstrate usable warning times are possible for many sites with peak shaking values of modified Mercalli intensity (MMI) 7–8 in M 7+ earthquakes and also for many MMI 8–9 sites in M 8+ earthquakes. ShakeAlert partners use a variety of MMI and magnitude thresholds in deciding when to alert their users within bounds set by the USGS. Our study shows that there is room to raise the magnitude thresholds up to about M 5.5 without adversely affecting performance in large earthquakes. The ground-motion criteria are more complex owing to a significant drop-off in warning times between the MMI 4 and 5 levels of predicted shaking. However, widely used ShakeAlert products, such as the MMI 3 and 4 contour products, can provide sufficiently long warning times before strong shaking in moderate-to-great earthquakes to enable a range of protective actions.
Reprinted Excerpt from Writing Backwards: Historical Fiction and the Reshaping of the American Canon (2023)
Authors: Manshel Alexander 
Published: February 2025

Alexander Manshel talks to the editors about his first book, Writing Backwards: Historical Fiction and the Reshaping of the American Canon (Columbia University Press, 2023), part of which is reprinted here with his permission (Chapter 2: The Making of the Greatest Generation). As the author writes, the book argues that over the last forty years the American literary field has transformed to celebrate narratives of the historical past over all other literary genres. In this period, key literary institutions—from the National Endowment for the Arts to major literary prizes and university English departments—have worked to promote the idea that historical fiction is singular in its artistic seriousness, its pedagogical utility, and its political potency. This shift in literary value has gone hand in hand with the increasing recognition and canonization of Black, Asian American, Latinx, and Indigenous writers in the United States: that is, the vast majority of minoritized writers who have been consecrated by these institutions over the last four decades have been celebrated for writing about the historical past.
Research of bactericide-inhibitor properties of new compositions based on gossypol resin and chloroprene
Authors:   Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Gurbanov Guseyn R. , Gasimzade Aysel V. ,   Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Alikishiyeva-Balamiyeva Samira F. ,   Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University
Published: February 2025

Five new compositions with conventional names A-1, A-2, A-3, A-4, and A-5 were prepared using different ratios of chloroprene and gossypol resin reagents, and their corrosion-inhibitory properties were investigated. The sulfate-reducing bacteria Desulfomicrobium genus and Desulfovibrio desulfuricans species were employed in the study. The effects of the A-series compositions on the bacteria were observed over a 15-day period, during which concentrations of 50, 100, 150, and 200 g/t were tested. Analysis of the results from numerous experiments revealed that the A-3 composition exhibited the highest bactericidal effect among the A-series compositions. Specifically, the bactericidal effect of the A-3 composition at a concentration of 200 g/t was found to be 99%. Under laboratory conditions, the effect of the new A-series compositions on the rate of electrochemical corrosion in formation water containing hydrogen sulfide was investigated. The corrosion rate was determined using the gravimetric method over a six-hour period. Based on the determined corrosion rate, the corrosion protection effect of the new compositions was calculated. The corrosion protection effects of the tested compositions in the order A-1, A-2, A-3, A-4, and A-5 were found to be 98%, 99%, 99%, 92%, and 90%, respectively, at the optimal consumption rate of 200 g/t. Therefore, the results of numerous experiments conducted under laboratory conditions provide evidence suggesting that the A-series compositions possess corrosion-inhibitory properties.
Increasing the efficiency of heat exchange by improving the design of heat exchangers
Authors:   Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences, Uzbekistan, Khurmamatov Abdugaffor M. , Ismailov Oybek Y. ,   Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences, Uzbekistan, Auesbaev Alisher U. ,   Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences, Uzbekistan, Rakhimov Ganisher B. ,   Karshi Engineering-Economic Institute, Uzbekistan, Muminov Jalolidin A. ,   Fergana Polytechnic Institute, Uzbekistan, Khametov Zamir M. ,   Fergana Polytechnic Institute, Uzbekistan
Published: February 2025

This article is focused on the investigation and optimization of heat exchange efficiency in a shell-and-tube heat exchanger used for heating a saturated absorbent with regenerated absorbent in the technology of purifying regeneration gas from acidic components through absorption. The optimization of heat exchange efficiency involves modifying the hydrodynamic regimes of the heat exchanger by adjusting the properties of working fluids inside the tubes and the inter-tube space. The study aims to enhance heat exchange by inducing turbulent flows inside and between the tubes. The authors examined the impact of centrifugal force on flow dynamics to improve distribution uniformity within the distribution chamber. To achieve this, a strategic reorientation of the raw material inlet nozzle in a horizontal shell-and-tube heat exchanger with a one-sided influence on the distribution chamber is proposed. Throughout the research, experiments were conducted, and heat exchange parameters were examined including flow velocity, temperature differentials, and heat transfer coefficients. The results allowed for the determination of optimal parameters to enhance heat exchange efficiency in the specific heat exchanger. This work represents a significant contribution to the heat exchange technology and can be applied to optimize processes in the oil and gas and chemical industries, as well as other sectors utilizing shell-and-tube heat exchangers. The findings advance the understanding of heat exchange mechanisms and provide practical insights for improving efficiency in various industrial applications.
Profile of Rhinosinusitis Patients with Orbital Complications at the Ear, Nose, and Throat (ENT) Outpatient Unit, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, from January 2015 to April 2022
Authors: Putri Made Ayu Rheina , Sutikno Budi , Primitasari Yulia , Nugroho Puguh Setyo 
Published: February 2025

Highlights:

Most rhinosinusitis patients with orbital complications were diagnosed as chronic rhinosinusitis.

Orbital cellulitis (Chandler II) was the most common orbital complication degree.

Rhinosinusitis patients with orbital complications commonly experience eye pain, swollen eyes, and persistent runny noses.

Abstract
Introduction:Rhinosinusitis is an inflammation of the mucosa of the nasal cavity and/or paranasal sinuses. The most common complication is orbital. The limited data available does not account for the high number of cases of rhinosinusitis. This study examined the profile of rhinosinusitis patients with orbital complications.
Methods: This was an observational descriptive study with a retrospective design. It used secondary data from medical records of patients with rhinosinusitis and orbital complications at the Ear, Nose, and Throat (ENT) Outpatient Unit, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, from January 2015 to April 2022.
Results: There were 40 samples that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria (n=40). As many as 80% of cases were chronic rhinosinusitis, and 20% were acute. The average age of chronic rhinosinusitis was in 6th decade, while acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) was in 3rd decade. The majority of patients were males and reside outside Surabaya. Signs and symptoms that ARS patients often experienced were eye pain and swelling, nasal congestion, persistent runny nose, and decreased vision. Meanwhile, chronic rhinosinusitis included eye swelling and pain, persistent runny nose, and facial pain. The most common Chandler’s degree was orbital cellulitis (Chandler II). The most common treatment for ARS was a combination of medicamentosa and non-medicamentosa or medicamentosa and surgery, while chronic rhinosinusitis was a combination of medicamentosa, non-medicamentosa, and surgery.
Conclusion: There were outcome differences between patients with acute and chronic rhinosinusitis regarding age, manifestations, and treatments, but there were similarities in sex, domicile, and Chandler’s degree predominance.
Strategies to Promote Health Equity for Orthopaedic Surgery Patients Who Speak a Language Other Than English
Authors: Torres Rodnell Busigó , Rodarte Patricia , Shapiro Lauren M. , Hernandez Victor H. , Navarro Ronald A. , Stern Brocha Z. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract:
The growing linguistic diversity in the United States presents substantial challenges to equitable health-care delivery. This article outlines strategies to promote health equity for orthopaedic surgery patients who speak a language other than English, including supporting the accessibility of professional interpreter services, enhancing language-specific patient educational resources, ensuring equity in the care tools that are used to improve access and engagement, strengthening the multilingual workforce in orthopaedic surgery, and standardizing the collection of language data elements for quality improvement and research. By adopting these strategies, health-care systems can better address the unique needs of non-English-speaking patients and reduce health disparities. Implementing these recommendations is crucial for advancing equity-focused value-based care in orthopaedics.
Exogenous N-Acetylgalactosamine-4-sulfatase (Arylsulfatase B) Leads to Melanoma Apoptosis by Constitutive Photomorphogenic 1 (COP1)
Authors: Tobacman Joanne K , O-Sullivan Insug , Bhattacharyya Sumit , Whiteley Herbert E. , Yang Jiyuan , Zhang Fuming 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Treatment by exogenous, bioactive, recombinant human N-acetylgalactosamine-4-sulfatase (Arylsulfatase B; ARSB) markedly reduced the number and volume of pulmonary melanomas in C57BL/6J mice inoculated intravenously with B16F10 melanoma cells. ARSB treatment induced apoptosis of the melanomas and of human A375 melanoma cells by increase in expression of the E3 ubiquitin ligase constitutive photomorphogenic protein 1 (COP1), an inhibitor of ultraviolet B-stimulated signaling 5–12. The corresponding inhibitory effects of COP1 on UVB-stimulated plant growth and on melanoma, a malignancy stimulated by UVB exposure, provide new insight into melanoma pathogenesis. Here, we show that in melanoma tissues and human melanoma cells, COP1 suppressed nuclear ETS-1 and the ETS-1-mediated expression of BCL2, leading to increased cytoplasmic cytochrome c, caspase-3/7 activation, and apoptosis. Exogenous ARSB, acting through insulin-like growth factor 2 receptor (IGF2R), reduced expression of carbohydrate sulfotransferase (CHST)15. Inhibition of CHST15, which adds a 6-sulfate group to C4S and is increased in several malignancies 32–38, blocked activation of the transmembrane receptor ROR (Receptor tyrosine-kinase like Orphan Receptor)1 and of phospho(Ser473)-AKT1, leading to increased nuclear FOXO3 and COP1 expression. This negative regulation of phospho(Ser473)-AKT1 reflects the profound impact of rhARSB and chondroitin sulfation on regulation of critical cell signaling which enables the COP1-mediated apoptotic pathway and inhibition of melanoma growth.