bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synergistic effect of boreal autumn SST over the tropical and South Pacific and winter NAO on winter precipitation in the southern Europe
Authors: Tang Xinxin , Li Jianping 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe find a positive phase of meridional tripole pattern of boreal autumn sea surface temperature anomalies over the tropical and South Pacific (TSPT+ ) has a synergistic effect with winter negative NAO (NAO−) on the amplitude and occurrence of winter precipitation in southern Europe (SEWP). This synergistic effect is attributed to the linear superposition and nonlinear effect of winter NAO− and preceding autumn TSPT+ . The autumn TSPT+ can persist into winter, and the winter TSPT+ with NAO− can stimulate a greater amount of Rossby wave energy propagating to the North Atlantic-Europe (NAE) region than without NAO−, and thereby synergistically regulating circulation with winter NAO−. Thus, winter NAO− and autumn TSPT+ have a synergistic effect on the northwest-southeast trending positive-negative-positive winter circulation over the NAE region. Driven by the intensified mean circulation, water vapor transports and storm activity over southern Europe are evidently strong, which is in favor of SEWP formation.
Single-cell and spatial analyses revealed the co-location of cancer stem cells and SPP1+ macrophage in hypoxic region that determines the poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Fan Guangyu , Xie Tongji , Li Lin , Tang Le , Han Xiaohong , Shi Yuankai 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), classical cancer stem cells (CSC) markers were shared by normal stem cells, targeting which may hinder hepatic regeneration and cause liver failure. Additionally, the spatial structure of CSC still remained elusive. To address these limitations, we undertook a comprehensive study combining single-cell data (56,022 cells from 20 samples) and spatial data (38,191 spots from eight samples) to obtain CSC signature and uncover its spatial structure. Utilizing the CytoTRACE algorithm, we discretely identified CSC, which displayed upregulated proliferation pathways regulated by HIF1A. A CSC signature of 107 genes was then developed using Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA). Notably, HCC patients with high CSC levels exhibited an accumulation of SPP1+ macrophages (Macro_SPP1) expressing metalloproteinases (MMP9, MMP12, and MMP7) regulated by HIF1A, suggesting a hypoxic tumor region connecting Macro_SPP1 and CSC. Both CSC and Macro_SPP1 correlated with worse prognosis and undesirable immunotherapy response. Spatial analysis revealed the co-location of CSC and Macro_SPP1, with CD8 T cells excluded from the tumor region. The co-location area and non-tumor area of boundary exhibited a high level of hypoxia, with the HAVRC2 checkpoint highly expressed. Within the co-location area, the SPP1 signaling pathway was most active in cell-cell communication, with SPP1-CD44 and SPP1-ITGA/ITGB identified as the main ligand-receptor pairs. This study successfully constructed a CSC signature and demonstrated the co-location of CSC and Macro_SPP1 in a hypoxic region that exacerbates the tumor microenvironment in HCC.
Targeting TYK2 alleviates Rab27A-induced malignant progression of non-small cell lung cancer via disrupting IFNα-TYK2-STAT-HSPA5 axis
Authors: Zeng Yuanyuan , Zhao Jian , Wu Zhengyan , Huang Yongkang , Wang Anqi , Zhu Jianjie , Xu Mengmeng , Zhang Weijie , Zhang Xiaohui , Li Jianjun , Huang Jian-an , Liu Zeyi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractRab27A is a small GTPase-mediating exosome secretion, which participates in tumorigenesis of multiple cancer types. Understanding the biological role of Rab27A in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is of great importance for oncological research and clinical treatment. In this study, we investigate the function and internal mechanism of Rab27A in NSCLC. Results show that Rab27A is overexpressed in NSCLC, and regulates the tumor proliferation, migration, invasion, and cell motility in vitro and in vivo, and is negatively regulated by miR-124. Further research reveals that upregulated Rab27A can induce the production of IFNα in the medium by mediating exosome secretion. Then IFNα activates TYK2/STAT/HSPA5 signaling to promote NSCLC cell proliferation and metastasis. This process can be suppressed by TYK2 inhibitor Cerdulatinib. These results suggest that Rab27A is involved in the pathogenesis of NSCLC by regulating exosome secretion and downstream signaling, and inhibitors targeting this axis may become a promising strategy in future clinical practice.
Force and kinetics of fast and slow muscle myosin determined with a synthetic sarcomere–like nanomachine
Authors: Buonfiglio Valentina , Pertici Irene , Marcello Matteo , Morotti Ilaria , Caremani Marco , Reconditi Massimo , Linari Marco , Fanelli Duccio , Lombardi Vincenzo , Bianco Pasquale 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMyosin II is the muscle molecular motor that works in two bipolar arrays in each thick filament of the striated (skeletal and cardiac) muscle, converting the chemical energy into steady force and shortening by cyclic ATP–driven interactions with the nearby actin filaments. Different isoforms of the myosin motor in the skeletal muscles account for the different functional requirements of the slow muscles (primarily responsible for the posture) and fast muscles (responsible for voluntary movements). To clarify the molecular basis of the differences, here the isoform–dependent mechanokinetic parameters underpinning the force of slow and fast muscles are defined with a unidimensional synthetic nanomachine powered by pure myosin isoforms from either slow or fast rabbit skeletal muscle. Data fitting with a stochastic model provides a self–consistent estimate of all the mechanokinetic properties of the motor ensemble including the motor force, the fraction of actin–attached motors and the rate of transition through the attachment–detachment cycle. The achievements in this paper set the stage for any future study on the emergent mechanokinetic properties of an ensemble of myosin molecules either engineered or purified from mutant animal models or human biopsies.
Laboratory evidence of confinement and acceleration of wide-angle flows by toroidal magnetic fields
Authors: Lei Z. , Li L. X. , Zhao Z. H. , Sun W. , An H. H. , Yuan D. W. , Xie Y. , Yuan W. Q. , He S. K. , Cheng L. , Zhang Z. , Zhong J. Y. , Wang W. , Zhu B. Q. , Zhou W. M. , Zhou C. T. , Zhu S. P. , Zhu J. Q. , He X. T. , Qiao B. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAstrophysical jets play crucial roles in star formation and transporting angular momentum away from accretion discs, however, their collimation mechanism is still a subject of much debate due to the limitations of astronomical observational techniques and facilities. Here, a quasi-static toroidal magnetic field is generated through the interaction between lasers and a four-post nickel target, and our all-optical laboratory experiments reveal that a wide-angle plasma plume can be collimated in the presence of toroidal magnetic fields. Besides the confinement effects, the experiments show the jet can also be accelerated by the enhanced thermal pressure due to the toroidal magnetic fields compressing the flow. These findings are verified by radiation magneto-hydrodynamic simulations. The experimental results suggest certain astrophysical narrow plasma flows may be produced by the confinement of wide-angle winds through toroidal fields.
Study on thermal cycling ageing resistance of performances of polypropylene/elastomer/boron nitride nanocomposites for high voltage direct current cable insulation
Authors: Li Jing , Gao Yu , Song Zheng , Liu Baixin , Guo Chenyi , Chen Yu , Gao Junguo , Du Boxue 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe influences of thermal cycling ageing on structures and insulation performances of polypropylene (PP)/elastomer/boron nitride (BN) nanocomposites are investigated. The Melt blending method was used to prepare the nanocomposites, in which propylene‐based elastomer (PBE) or ethylene‐octene copolymer elastomer (EOC) was contained for comparison. Then, the samples were treated using a thermal cycling process with a temperature range from −30 to 150°C, and the number of thermal cycles was set from 0 to 15. Scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry and X‐ray diffraction measurements were taken to facilitate the comprehension of structural changes. Additionally, measurements were taken to assess the trap distribution and direct current (DC) breakdown strength of the samples. The obtained results revealed that following thermal cycling ageing, the morphology and crystallinity of PP/PBE/BN remained almost unchanged. In contrast, PP/EOC/BN exhibited substantial microstructural damage accompanied by a significant reduction in crystallinity. As the number of thermal cycles increased, the trap level and DC breakdown strength of PP/PBE/BN were maintained at high levels, while those of PP/EOC/BN initially remained stable but then experienced a sharp decline. It is suggested that the addition of BN nanoparticles enhances the thermal cycling ageing resistance of the PP/PBE blend, whereas it weakens this resistance of the PP/EOC blend.
AFCN: An attention‐directed feature‐fusion ConvNeXt network for low‐voltage apparatus assembly quality inspection
Authors: Guo Haorui , Bao Yicheng , Hu Songyu , Luan Congcong , Fu Jianzhong , Li Li , Zhang Yinglin , Sun Yongle , Nie Zongjun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn the production of low‐voltage apparatus, assembly quality inspection is of great relevance for ensuring the final quality of the entire product. With the continuous improvement of production efficiency and people's requirements for production quality, traditional manual inspection methods can no longer meet the quality inspection requirements. In this paper, an Attention‐guided Feature‐fusion ConvNeXt Network (AFCN) for the automated visual inspection is proposed. By embedding the attention mechanism of the Coordinate Attention block into the residual channel of the ConvNeXt block, the position‐aware information and features of the low‐voltage apparatus images can be effectively captured to locate the quality problems. Then, an improved attention feature fusion module is adopted to merge the output features at different stages, which introduces a 3D non‐parameter attention SimAM block and adapts output accordingly. Therefore, this model can capture the key information of the feature map in a coordinated way in terms of channel and position, fully integrating multiscale features and obtaining contour texture information and semantic information of the low‐voltage apparatus. Experiments show the proposed approach can effectively classify defective and normal products.
Non-linear three-mode coupling of gravity modes in rotating slowly pulsating B stars
Authors: Van Beeck J. , Van Hoolst T. , Aerts C. , Fuller J. 
Published: March 2024

Context.Slowly pulsating B (SPB) stars display multi-periodic variability in the gravito-inertial mode regime with indications of non-linear resonances between modes. Several have undergone asteroseismic modeling in the past few years to infer their internal properties, but only in a linear setting. These stars rotate fast, so that rotation is typically included in the modeling by means of the traditional approximation of rotation (TAR).Aims.We aim to extend the set of tools available for asteroseismology, by describing time-independent (stationary) resonant non-linear coupling among three gravito-inertial modes within the TAR. Such coupling offers the opportunity to use mode amplitude ratios in the asteroseismic modeling process, instead of only relying on frequencies of linear eigenmodes, as has been done so far.Methods.Following observational detections, we derive expressions for the resonant stationary non-linear coupling between three gravito-inertial modes in rotating stars. We assess selection rules and stability domains for stationary solutions. We also predict non-linear frequencies and amplitude ratio observables that can be compared with their observed counterparts.Results.The non-linear frequency shifts of stationary couplings are negligible compared to typical frequency errors derived from observations. The theoretically predicted amplitude ratios of combination frequencies match with some of their observational counterparts in the SPB targets. Other, unexplained observed ratios could be linked to other saturation mechanisms, to interactions between different modes, or to different opacity gradients in the driving zone.Conclusions.For the purpose of asteroseismic modeling, our non-linear mode coupling formalism can explain some of the stationary amplitude ratios of observed resonant mode couplings in single SPB stars monitored during 4 years by theKeplerspace telescope.
Great Balls of FIRE
Authors: Bruel T. , Rodriguez C. L. , Lamberts A. , Grudić M. Y. , Hafen Z. , Feldmann R. 
Published: March 2024

Context. Despite the nearly hundred gravitational-wave detections reported by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Collaboration, the question of the cosmological origin of merging binary black holes (BBHs) remains open. The two main formation channels generally considered are from isolated field binaries or via dynamical assembly in dense star clusters.
Aims. Here we focus on understanding the dynamical formation of merging BBHs within massive clusters in galaxies of different masses.
Methods. To this end, we applied a new framework to consistently model the formation and evolution of massive star clusters in zoom-in cosmological simulations of galaxies. Each simulation, taken from the FIRE project, provides a realistic star formation environment, with a unique star formation history, that hosts realistic giant molecular clouds that constitute the birthplace of star clusters. Combined with the code for star cluster evolution CMC, we are able to produce populations of dynamically formed merging BBHs across cosmic time in different environments.
Results. As the most massive star clusters preferentially form in dense massive clouds of gas, we find that, despite their low metallicities favouring the creation of black holes, low-mass galaxies contain few massive clusters and therefore make a limited contribution to the global production of dynamically formed merging BBHs. Furthermore, we find that massive clusters can host hierarchical BBH mergers with clear, identifiable physical properties. Looking at the evolution of the BBH merger rate in different galaxies, we find strong correlations between BBH mergers and the most extreme episodes of star formation. Finally, we discuss the implications for future LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA gravitational wave observations.
The dispersion of the Ep, i–Liso correlation of long gamma-ray bursts is partially due to assembling different sources
Authors: Maistrello M. , Maccary R. , Guidorzi C. , Amati L. 
Published: March 2024

Context. Long gamma-ray burst (GRB) prompt emission shows a correlation between the intrinsic peak energy, Ep, i, of the time-average νFν spectrum and the isotropic-equivalent peak gamma-ray luminosity, Lp, iso, as well as the total released energy, Eiso. The same correlation is found within individual bursts, when time-resolved Ep, i and Liso are considered. These correlations are characterised by an intrinsic dispersion, whose origin is still unknown. Discovering the origin of the correlation and of its dispersion would shed light on the still poorly understood prompt emission and would propel GRBs to powerful standard candles.
Aims. We studied the dispersion of both isotropic-equivalent and collimation-corrected time-resolved correlations. We also investigated whether the intrinsic dispersion computed within individual GRBs is different from that obtained including different bursts into a unique sample. We then searched for correlations between key features, such as the Lorentz factor and jet opening angle, and intrinsic dispersion, when the latter is treated as one of the characterising properties.
Methods. We performed a time-resolved spectral analysis of 20 long type-II or collapsar-candidate GRBs detected by the Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor with a known redshift and estimates of the jet opening angle and/or the Lorentz factor. Time intervals were determined using Bayesian blocks. Then we carried out a statistical analysis starting from distributions of simulated values of the intrinsic dispersion of each burst in the sample.
Results. The collimation-corrected correlation appears to be no less dispersed than the isotropic-equivalent one. Also, individual GRBs are significantly less dispersed than the whole sample. We excluded (at a 4.2σ confidence level) the difference in samples’ sizes as the possible reason, thus confirming that individual GRBs are intrinsically less dispersed than the whole sample. No correlation was found between intrinsic dispersion and other key properties for the few GRBs with available information.
Conclusions. The contribution to the dispersion by the jet opening angle is not relevant. Moreover, our results prove that the intrinsic dispersion that affects the Ep, i − Liso correlation is partially, though not entirely, due to assembling different GRBs. We therefore conclude that the presence of different GRBs significantly contributes to the observed dispersion of both time-average Ep, i − Lp, iso and Ep, i − Eiso correlations.
Roboter-assistierte Mikrochirurgie in der Rekonstruktion der unteren
Extremität
Authors: Strübing Felix , Böcker Arne , Bigdeli Amir K. , Gazyakan Emre , Vogelpohl Julian , Weigel Jonathan , Kneser Ulrich , Vollbach Felix H. 
Published: March 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund In den letzten Jahren wurden verschiedene Robotersysteme
entwickelt und zugelassen, welche spezifisch für die Mikrochirurgie konzipiert
wurden. Bisher gibt es zu diesen Systemen nur wenig Evidenz. In unserer Studie
untersuchen wir den Einsatz robotisch assistierter Mikrochirurgie in der
mikrochirurgischen Rekonstruktion der unteren Extremität.
Patienten/Material und Methoden Die Daten wurden prospektiv zwischen
Februar und November 2023 erfasst. Das Symani-Robotersystem wurde bei 42
mikrochirurgische Eingriffe an der unteren Extremität verwendet und die
Ergebnisse ausgewertet.
Ergebnisse Das Durchschnittsalter der Patienten betrug 57±18 Jahre. Es
wurden insgesamt 39 freie Lappenplastiken (95%), ein lymphchirurgischer Eingriff
(3%) und zwei Nerventransfers (5%) durchgeführt. Insgesamt wurden 46 Anastomosen
und Nervenkoaptationen durchgeführt. Hierbei wurden sechs arterielle
End-zu-End-Anastomosen (11%), sieben arterielle End-zu-Seit Anastomosen (13%),
36 venöse End-zu-End-Anastomosen (65%), zwei lymphovenöse Anastomosen (4%) und
fünf epineurale Koaptationen im Rahmen von Nerventransfers (9%) durchgeführt.
Arterielle End-zu-End-Anastomosen dauerten durchschnittlich 26±12 Minuten und
arterielle End-zu-Seit-Anastomosen benötigten 42±21 Minuten. Die venösen
Anastomosen dauerten im Durchschnitt 33±12 Minuten. Die Nervenkoaptation
benötigten im Mittel 24±13 Minuten. In keinem Eingriff war eine Konversion auf
die konventionelle Handnaht notwendig. Es kam zu zwei arteriellen Thrombosen
(5%). In einem Fall konnte eine erfolgreiche Revision die Lappenplastik retten.
Es gab einen totalen Lappenverlust, jedoch keine partiellen Lappenverluste.
Schlussfolgerung Wir konnten unter Verwendung des Symani-Robotersystems in
der mikrochirurgischen Rekonstruktion der unteren Extremität Ergebnisse
aufzeigen, welche mit der konventionellen Mikrochirurgie vergleichbar sind.
Photoactive Ni-Complexes in Metallaphotoredox Catalysis: A Successful Match in C–C Cross-Coupling Reactions
Authors: Zhu Chuan , Feng Chao , Dang Luzhen 
Published: March 2024

AbstractNickel catalysis is a well-established and powerful tool for C–C cross-coupling reactions, and its versatility has expanded significantly over past decades by its combination with visible-light photocatalysis in metallaphotoredox chemistry. Photocatalysis enables the activation of traditionally inert substrates and turnover of the Ni catalyst through a single-electron transfer processes. In recent years, dual catalysis has been further empowered by photoactive Ni intermediates, which exhibit distinct reactivity profiles from their ground states and complement existing protocols. This short review focuses on the emergent subclass of metallaphotoredox catalysis in which the synergy of a photoactive Ni catalyst and a typical photocatalyst (e.g., a polypyridyl Ir complex) provide solutions to challenging C–C bond formation.1	Introduction2	Photoactive Nickel Complexes3	HAT-Mediated C–C Cross-Coupling4	Halofunctionalization of π-Systems5	Photoelimination of an Aryl Radical6	Conclusion
Late-Stage C–H Deuteration of Organic Compounds via Ligand-Enabled Palladium-Catalyzed Hydrogen Isotope Exchange
Authors: van Gemmeren Manuel , Dey Jyotirmoy 
Published: March 2024

AbstractOver the past years our lab has established a research program towards the late-stage introduction of deuterium into organic molecules using Pd-catalyzed reversible C–H activation as a means to affect hydrogen isotope exchange. Through catalyst design, including the introduction of novel ligand scaffolds, as well as the use of strategically chosen optimization and screening approaches, e.g., exploiting microscopic reversibility by first optimizing de-deuteration processes or using a multi-substrate screening approach, our studies have resulted in a number of synthetically useful labelling protocols and are described herein from a personal perspective.1	Introduction2	β-C(sp3)–H Deuteration of Free Carboxylic Acids3	Nondirected C–H Deuteration of Arenes4	Nondirected C–H Deuteration of Heteroarenes5	Conclusion
A Rare Case of Disseminated Peritoneal Leiomyomatosis: A Case Report
Authors: Chirayath Michael , Titus Twinkle T. , Sebastian Loana Mariyam , Cicilet Soumya 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDisseminated peritoneal leiomyomatosis is a benign condition characterized by multiple extrauterine leiomyomas in various locations such as the peritoneum, mesentery, abdominal wall, and pelvis. This is typically observed following laparoscopic myomectomy and is an extremely rare disease, with only a limited number of cases reported thus far. It primarily affects women in their reproductive age group and is believed to be associated with ovarian secretions. Leiomyomas are monoclonal smooth muscle tumors with characteristics similar to muscle on computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging. The presence of multiple nodules dispersed throughout the peritoneal cavity may resemble malignancy. There is no conventional treatment guideline, and the approach depends on the patient's age, symptoms, fertility requirements, and previous treatment. The treatment modalities can be surgical, hormonal, or combined. The presented case involves a 40-year-old woman who developed disseminated peritoneal leiomyomatosis after undergoing laparoscopic myomectomy.
Review of Commonly Used Embolics
Authors: Guan Justin J. , Golzarian Jafar 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAs interventional radiology has progressed, endovascular embolization has become a cornerstone of the specialty, used in a wide range of clinical indications including vessel occlusion in acute hemorrhage, cancer and benign tumor treatment, vascular malformations, variceal obliteration, and endoleak management. Fundamental knowledge of the various categories of embolics is vital for interventional radiologists. This review aims to provide a brief summary of the most common embolic agents currently in use, including discussions of their advantages, shortcomings, and common indications of each.