bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatial segregation of transport and signalling functions between human endothelial caveolae and lipid raft proteomes
Authors: Sprenger Richard R. , Fontijn Ruud D. , van Marle Jan , Pannekoek Hans , Horrevoets Anton J. G. 
Published: November 2006

Lipid rafts and caveolae are biochemically similar, specialized domains of the PM (plasma membrane) that cluster specific proteins. However, they are morphologically distinct, implying different, possibly complementary functions. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis preceding identification of proteins by MS was used to compare the relative abundance of proteins in DRMs (detergent-resistant membranes) isolated from HUVEC (human umbilical-vein endothelial cells), and caveolae immunopurified from DRM fractions. Various signalling and transport proteins were identified and additional cell-surface biotinylation revealed the majority to be exposed, demonstrating their presence at the PM. In resting endothelial cells, the scaffold of immunoisolated caveolae consists of only few resident proteins, related to structure [CAV1 (caveolin-1), vimentin] and transport (V-ATPase), as well as the GPI (glycosylphosphatidylinositol)-linked, surface-exposed protein CD59. Further quantitative characterization by immunoblotting and confocal microscopy of well-known [eNOS (endothelial nitric oxide synthase) and CAV1], less known [SNAP-23 (23 kDa synaptosome-associated protein) and BASP1 (brain acid soluble protein 1)] and novel [C8ORF2 (chromosome 8 open reading frame 2)] proteins showed different subcellular distributions with none of these proteins being exclusive to either caveolae or DRM. However, the DRM-associated fraction of the novel protein C8ORF2 (∼5% of total protein) associated with immunoseparated caveolae, in contrast with the raft protein SNAP-23. The segregation of caveolae from lipid rafts was visually confirmed in proliferating cells, where CAV1 was spatially separated from eNOS, SNAP-23 and BASP1. These results provide direct evidence for the previously suggested segregation of transport and signalling functions between specialized domains of the endothelial plasma membrane.
Structural studies on the RNA-recognition motif of NELF E, a cellular negative transcription elongation factor involved in the regulation of HIV transcription
Authors: Rao Jampani N. , Neumann Liane , Wenzel Sabine , Schweimer Kristian , Rösch Paul , Wöhrl Birgitta M. 
Published: November 2006

The elongation of transcription of HIV RNA at the TAR (transactivation-response element) is highly regulated by positive and negative factors. The cellular negative transcription elongation factor NELF (negative elongation factor) was suggested to be involved in transcriptional regulation of HIV-1 (HIV type 1) by binding to the stem of the viral TAR RNA which is synthesized by cellular RNA polymerase II at the viral long terminal repeat. NELF is a heterotetrameric protein consisting of NELF A, B, C or the splice variant D, and E. In the present study, we determined the solution structure of the RRM (RNA-recognition motif) of the RNA-binding subunit NELF E and studied its interaction with the viral TAR RNA. Our results show that the separately expressed recombinant NELF E RRM has α-helical and β-strand elements adopting a βαββαβ fold and is able to bind to TAR RNA. Fluorescence equilibrium titrations with fluorescently labelled double- and single-stranded oligoribonucleotides representing the TAR RNA stem imply that NELF E RRM binds to the single-stranded TAR RNAs with Kd values in the low-micromolar range.
Features and prognoses of infantile patients with atopic dermatitis hospitalized for severe complications
Authors: KATOH Norito , HOSOI Hajime , SUGIMOTO Tohru , KISHIMOTO Saburo 
Published: November 2006

ABSTRACTAlthough atopic dermatitis (AD) itself is regarded as a non‐life threatening disease, childhood AD may be rarely accompanied by some serious complications. Six infantile AD patients who were hospitalized because of severe systemic complications, in addition to severe dermatitis on almost the entire body surface, are described. They were complicated by hypoproteinemia, hypovolemia, thrombocytosis, reduced serum immunoglobulin G, elevated serum liver enzymes and growth retardation. They had not been treated with topical corticosteroid before hospitalization. They were treated with topical corticosteroid and their eruption remarkably improved within 20 days (median) of hospitalization. Most of the abnormal clinical data including platelet numbers, serum levels of total protein, and liver enzymes had become normal at the day of discharge. After 30 ± 4 months of follow up, their skin condition was fair with daily application of moisturizer and occasional use of topical corticosteroid, without any systemic problems. Although severe infantile AD may be accompanied by potentially life‐threatening systemic complications, their prognoses concerning AD are favorable if they are treated adequately from the beginning of their infancy.
Dynamic changes in nerve growth factor and substance P in the murine hair cycle induced by depilation
Authors: ZHOU Zhanchao , KAWANA Seiji , AOKI Eri , KATAYAMA Mirei , NAGANO Masatoshi , SUZUKI Hidenori 
Published: November 2006

ABSTRACTIncreasing evidence suggests that various neurotrophins and neuropeptides play an important role in the progression of hair follicle cycling. Among them, nerve growth factor (NGF) and substance P (SP) have attracted special interest recently. However, the interaction between these factors during hair cycling has not yet been systematically studied. We therefore investigated the mutual relationships between NGF and SP and the mechanism by which the anagen stage of the hair cycle is initiated. Fluctuations in numbers of SP‐positive nerve fibers and variations in amounts of SP, NGF, and another neurotrophic factor, glial cell‐derived neurotrophic factor, in skin in the C57BL/6 mouse depilation‐induced hair cycle model, together with the spatiotemporal expression patterns of each of these factors, were followed simultaneously by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and immunohistochemistry. The main finding was that a surge in NGF expression and a rapid increase in NGF content in skin is an initial event within 1 day after depilation, followed by elevation of SP content and numbers of SP‐containing fibers 2 days after the increase in NGF. Our findings suggest that a rapid and abundant increase in NGF plays a key role in the induction and progression of anagen hair cycling through keratinocyte growth promotion. NGF may also induce plastic changes such as sprouting and hyperplasia in dermal nerve fibers and enhance their SP production. Elevated levels of SP in skin may additionally contribute to the progression of consecutive anagen hair cycles.
Paraneoplastic pemphigus mimicking erosive mucosal lichen planus associated with primary hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: YOKOKURA Hideto , DEMITSU Toshio , KAKURAI Maki , UMEMOTO Naoka , AZUMA Ryuichi , YAMADA Tomoko , SUZUKI Masayuki , JIMBU Yoshinori , YONEDA Kozo , ISHII Norito , HASHIMOTO Takashi 
Published: November 2006

ABSTRACTA 58‐year‐old Japanese male visited us with painful lesions on the lower lip, oral mucosa and genital region of an 8‐month duration. Histological features of the genital lesion were almost consistent with lichenoid tissue reaction. A few intraepidermal acantholytic keratinocytes were also seen in the suprabasal clefts. Direct immunofluorescence exhibited cell surface immunoglobulin (Ig)G deposition and linear deposition of fibrinogen at the dermoepidermal junction. IgG anti‐desmoglein (Dsg)3 antibody, but not anti‐Dsg1 antibody, was detected in the patient's serum by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Immunoblotting using normal human epidermal extract detected the 210‐kD envoplakin, 190‐kD periplakin and 130‐kD Dsg3. The diagnosis of paraneoplastic pemphigus (PNP) was made. Subsequent investigation revealed a large space‐occupying lesion in the liver. Histological findings from liver biopsy specimen were consistent with hepatocellular carcinoma. The patient has been alive 38 months after the diagnosis of PNP was made, although the liver mass has slowly enlarged. Our case is clinically and histologically similar to erosive mucosal lichen planus. Immunological studies confirmed the diagnosis of PNP. The results of negative Dsg1 and positive Dsg3 were consistent with clinical features showing severe mucosal involvement without cutaneous erosion. In PNP, the association with non‐hematological solid tumor is extremely rare.
Childhood pemphigus vulgaris: five cases in 16 years
Authors: YAZGANOĞLU K. Didem , BAYKAL Can , KÜÇÜKOĞLU Rıfkiye 
Published: November 2006

ABSTRACTPemphigus vulgaris (PV) usually occurs in adults. There are only a few reports of large PV series concerning childhood cases. We report here five cases of PV in patients younger than 16 years. They were analyzed among 169 PV cases out of a total of 192 pemphigus patients diagnosed between 1988–2004. The ratio of childhood cases was 2.9% in our large PV series. This relatively high ratio of childhood patients suggests that PV should not be neglected in the differential diagnosis of bullous lesions in childhood. Four of the five cases were followed up between 2–4 years and all of these four cases showed at least one relapse. PV also seems to show a relapsing course in the pediatric age group like in adults.
Giant malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor of the scalp
Authors: FUKUSHIMA Satoshi , KAGESHITA Toshiro , WAKASUGI Shoji , MATSUSHITA Shigeto , KAGUCHI Atushi , ISHIHARA Tsuyoshi , ONO Tomomichi 
Published: November 2006

ABSTRACTHerein, we describe a rare case of giant malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor of the head in a 38‐year‐old Japanese man. The tumor measured 210 mm at its largest diameter and was ulcerated, hemorrhagic, multilocular and non‐mobile. It should be noted that the patient stubbornly refused to see a doctor for a long time, resulting in the extreme growth of the tumor. We suspect a psychological basis for this behavior. Dermatohistopathological findings of the biopsy indicated ancient schwannoma and total excision was therefore performed. However, after 4 months, the patient developed multiple metastases and died. Post‐mortem skin biopsy revealed features of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor. We performed immunohistochemical studies on the primary and recurrent lesions and concluded that there was a difference in the expression of Ki67 and p16. We propose that the expressions of Ki67 and p16 should be checked for all lesions of peripheral nerve sheath tumor for distinguishing benign from malignant forms.
Pustulosis palmaris et plantaris with prominent hyperkeratosis of the soles
Authors: TSUBOI Hiromi , KATSUOKA Kensei 
Published: November 2006

ABSTRACTA 50‐year‐old woman developed prominent hyperkeratosis on the soles and erythema of her extremities. In this instance it was clinically difficult to distinguish the palmoplantar lesions from psoriasis vulgaris. However, our case proved to be palmoplantar pustulosis (PPP) because, on histology, the extra‐palmoplantar lesions showed none of the typical findings of psoriasis vulgaris, there was a history of sternoclavicular joint pain, and the lesions improved after tonsillectomy. Herein, we consider the relationship between prominent hyperkeratosis of the sole or palm in PPP and bacterial infection.
Theory of mind, humour processing and executive functioning in alcoholism
Authors: Uekermann J. , Channon S. , Winkel K. , Schlebusch P. , Daum I. 
Published: November 2006

ABSTRACTAims  Alcoholism is associated with cognitive deficits, which have been interpreted in terms of a specific vulnerability of the frontal lobes to the toxic effects of alcohol. While executive functions in alcoholism have been investigated extensively, only little work has been carried out on social cognition. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between executive functions, theory of mind and humour processing in alcoholism.Design, setting, participants and measurements  A comprehensive neuropsychological test battery was administered to 29 alcoholic patients (Alc) and 29 healthy controls (HC). The test battery included measurements of affect, general intellectual abilities, executive functions, humour processing and theory of mind. The two groups were comparable with respect to affective variables, IQ, gender and age.Findings and conclusions  Group comparisons revealed cognitive as well as affective humour processing deficits of alcoholics in comparison with HC. The observed impairments were related to theory of mind and executive functions. The deficits may contribute to interpersonal problems and are thus of relevance to rehabilitation.
A database on treating drug addiction with traditional Chinese medicine
Authors: Min Xu , Lee Dominic T. S. , Jinhua Xie , Wenjun Dai , Li Chen , Bin Deng , Pingxiang Deng , Wingho Lam , Xiaoyin Tian , Xiaohui Zhang 
Published: November 2006

ABSTRACTAims  Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used to treat drug addiction for more than 160 years and valuable experiences have been accumulated with regard to patients' detoxification and rehabilitation. The aims of this project were (1) to establish a computerized, bilingual (Chinese–English) database on TCM for drug addiction; (2) to analyse the literature published in this field; and (3) to identify those Chinese herbs commonly used for drug addiction treatment.Design  (1) Paper collection: related papers were collected through electronic databases and hand‐searched materials; (2) data computerization: the Microsoft Access program and Delphi language were used as the major data management systems; (3) paper analysis: annual publications from 1989 to 2003 were classified and calculated; and (4) herbal analysis: the frequency of herbs used and herbal function categories were analysed.Findings  (1) A special bilingual database that contained 340 works of professional literature, including 85 patent files on TCM for drug addiction, was established, in which more than 90% of the publications originated from mainland China; (2) the literature classification showed a significant increase in the number of publications on clinical and laboratory researches in this field over the past decade; (3) five functional categorizations of Chinese herbs and the 10 most frequently used Chinese herbs as well as three toxic herbs were identified from more than 200 herbs reported in 150 original research articles and 85 patent files.Conclusions  For the first time, the published data on TCM in the treatment of drug addiction were analysed systematically by using a new database. The results are invaluable for further laboratory and clinical studies to obtain more direct evidence.
Systematic review: managing anaemia in Crohn's disease
Authors: KULNIGG S. , GASCHE C. 
Published: November 2006

SummaryBackground  Anaemia is a serious complication of Crohn's disease that triggers hospitalization and, if not interfered with, may lead to death.Aims  To systematically summarize and compare the literature on anaemia in Crohn's disease.Methods  For this systematic review the literature was searched for English‐language articles using anaemia, Crohn* and IBD as key words. 144 articles were identified and sorted according to the following topics: prevalence, aetiology, diagnostic tests and therapy.Results  The reported prevalence of anaemia varied between 6.2% and 73.7%, with higher reported frequencies in older studies and in in‐patients. Iron deficiency is the most common underlying condition. Vitamin B12 deficiency is related to the extent of ileal resection but has rarely impact on anaemia. Diagnostic criteria are not established and treatment guidelines are missing. Oral iron supplementation seems effective for short periods but intolerance leads to discontinuation in up to 21%. Eleven of 11 studies show that oral iron enhances intestinal inflammation and colon carcinogenesis in animal models of colitis. Intravenous iron supplementation with iron sucrose has been tested in over 250 Crohn's disease patients, is safe, effective and does not carry such hazards.Conclusions  As disease activity is determining the degree of anaemia in Crohn's disease, implementation of more effective therapy for Crohn's disease will lower its incidence. However, further studies regarding the safety and effectiveness of iron supplementation are needed.
Effect of vitamin E on aminotransferase levels and insulin resistance in children with non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: NOBILI V. , MANCO M. , DEVITO R. , CIAMPALINI P. , PIEMONTE F. , MARCELLINI M. 
Published: November 2006

SummaryBackground  Few data are available on the effect of antioxidants in paediatric non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).Aim  To compare the effect of a nutritional programme alone or combined with alpha‐tocopherol and ascorbic acid on alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, and insulin resistance (IR) in biopsy‐proven NAFLD children.Methods  In a 12‐month double‐blind placebo study, 90 patients were prescribed a balanced calorie diet (25–30 cal/kg/d), physical exercise, and placebo (group A) or alpha‐tocopherol 600 IU/day plus ascorbic acid 500 mg/day (group B). IR was estimated by the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA‐IR).Results  At month 12, ALT (32.67 ± 8.09 vs. 32.18 ± 11.39 IU/L; P = NS), HOMA‐IR (1.52 ± 0.66 vs. 1.84 ± 0.95 IU/L; P = NS), and weight loss (32% vs. 35% of excessive body weight; P = NS) did not differ between the two arms. Among subjects who lost ≥20% of their excessive weight, ALT and body weight percentage changes were significantly related (ro = 0.260; P = 0.03). In subjects, who lost more than 1.0 kg, HOMA‐IR significantly decreased (2.20 ± 0.21 to 1.57 ± 0.13 in group A (P ≤ 0.01; −8%); 2.91 ± 0.24 to 1.88 ± 0.16 in group B (−32%; P ≤ 0.0001)). ALT decreased by 36% (59.13 ± 4.11 vs. 30.27 ± 1.46 IU/L; P ≤ 0.001), and 42% (68.19 ± 5.68 vs. 31.92 ± 1.92 IU/L; P ≤ 0.0001). In a multivariate analysis, fasting insulin changes in group A (P = 0.012; F = 7.150).Conclusions  Diet and physical exercise in NAFLD children seem to lead to a significant improvement of liver function and glucose metabolism beyond any antioxidant therapy.
Systematic review and meta‐analysis: D‐Penicillamine vs. placebo/no intervention in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis – Cochrane Hepato‐Biliary Group
Authors: GONG Y. , KLINGENBERG S. L. , GLUUD C. 
Published: November 2006

SummaryBackground  d‐Penicillamine is used for patients with primary biliary cirrhosis due to its ability to decrease hepatic copper and modulate the immune response. The results on effects of d‐‐penicillamine in randomized‐clinical trials of primary biliary cirrhosis patients are inconsistent.Aim  To systematically evaluate the benefits and harms of d‐penicillamine for patients with primary biliary cirrhosis.Methods  We have performed a systematic review with meta‐analyses of randomized‐clinical trials to evaluate the effects of d‐penicillamine for primary biliary cirrhosis. The primary outcomes are mortality and mortality or liver transplantation. We analysed the data by fixed–effect and random–effect models.Results  Seven randomized trials including 706 patients were analysed. d‐Penicillamine was without significant effects on mortality (RR 1.08, 95% CI: 0.82–1.43, P = 0.56), mortality or liver transplantation (RR 1.11, 95% CI: 0.74–1.68, P = 0.62), pruritus, liver complications, progression of liver histological stage and liver biochemical variables. d‐‐Penicillamine significantly decreased serum alanine aminotransferase activity (weighted mean difference −45 IU/L, 95% CI: −75 to −15, P < 0.05) and led to significantly more adverse events (RR 4.18, 95% CI: 1.38–12.69, P = 0.01).Conclusion  d‐Penicillamine did not appear to reduce the risk of mortality or morbidity, and led to more adverse events in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis.
An in vitro comparison of different providers to deliver four proton pump inhibitor products through a feeding tube
Authors: DEVLIN J. W. , BAKSHI A. , BUNGAY K. , OLSEN K. M. 
Published: November 2006

SummaryBackground  It is unclear how delivery through a feeding tube compares between esomeprazole in water, lansoprazole oral disintegrating tablet in water, omeprazole/NaHCO3 in water and simplified lansoprazole suspension.Aim  This in vitro study compared delivery through a narrow calibre (8F) feeding tube among four proton pump inhibitors when given by skilled [nurse; (n = 8)] or unskilled [lay; (n = 8)] providers.Methods  Following standard instruction, subjects were observed delivering each proton pump inhibitor in a sequential, but random, fashion to evaluate administration quality and time. Delivery was quantified using high‐performance liquid chromatography methods and subject preferences were evaluated.Results  Delivery (%), similar between lansoprazole oral disintegrating tablet (95.7 ± 3.2) and omeprazole/NaHCO3 (96.1 ± 3.0), was both greater for lansoprazole oral disintegrating tablet than esomeprazole in water (88.9 ± 8.6; P = 0.006) or simplified lansoprazole suspension (86.1 ± 9.5; P = 0.0001) and omeprazole/NaHCO3 than esomeprazole in water (P = 0.004) or simplified lansoprazole suspension (P < 0.001), and was not affected by prior subject experience. Quality was higher with both omeprazole/NaHCO3 and lansoprazole oral disintegrating tablet than simplified lansoprazole suspension. Administration was quicker for lansoprazole oral disintegrating tablet than esomeprazole in water. Subjects preferred lansoprazole oral disintegrating tablet and omeprazole/NaHCO3.Conclusions  When given through an in vitro feeding tube, omeprazole/NaHCO3 and lansoprazole oral disintegrating tablet lead to greater drug delivery, improved administration quality and higher user satisfaction, than either esomeprazole in water or simplified lansoprazole suspension.
Determinants of compliance with colonoscopy in patients with adenomatous colon polyps in a veteran population
Authors: SIDDIQUI A. A. , PATEL A. , HUERTA S. 
Published: November 2006

SummaryAim  To determine factors affecting compliance of a follow‐up colonoscopy in patients with previously diagnosed adenomatous colon polyps.Methods  A retrospective review was performed on patients with adenomatous polyps excised between January and December 1998. Twenty‐nine clinical factors were assessed in patients grouped into whether they were compliant (n = 81) or noncompliant (n = 38) with follow‐up colonoscopy. Significant variables by univariate analysis were included in multivariate regression.Results  One hundred and nineteen patients with adenomatous colon polyps were identified. Of 119 patients, 114 had a documented recommendation for follow‐up of 5 years or less, with 69% having been compliant. In a univariate analysis, greater number of polyps (P = 0.04), NSAID use (P = 0.02), statin use (P = 0.005), first‐degree relatives with colon cancer (P = 0.05) and compliance with out‐patient clinic follow‐up (P < 0.001) were significantly associated with patient compliance. Multivariate analysis revealed statin use (P = 0.05), first‐degree relatives with colon cancer (P = 0.06) and compliance with out‐patient clinic follow‐up (P < 0.001) were independent predictors of compliance.Conclusions  History of statin use and family history of colon cancer are good predictors of compliance. The strongest predictor can be anticipated with compliance assessed with encounters for other visits. Strong efforts should be directed at improving patient education about colon cancer by the physician and facilitating patient compliance.