bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Esofagectomía mínimamente invasora: experiencia en el Hospital de San José
Authors: Ramírez Juan Camilo , Córdoba Adriana , Medina Gabriel Santiago 
Published: April 2024

El objetivo de este trabajo es revisar nuestra experiencia con la esofagectomía mínimamente invasora y determinar su impacto sobre una serie de variables.
Se revisaron las historias clínicas de 20 pacientes a quienes se les practicó una esofagectomía mínimamente invasora entre el 1° de enero de 2009 y el 31 octubre del 2010: 14 hombres y 6 mujeres, con un promedio de edad de 57 años. Trece tenían neoplasias del esófago y, siete, enfermedades benignas. En trece se llevó a cabo una esofagectomía transhiatal por laparoscopia. En siete se utilizó un abordaje combinado por toracoscopia y laparoscopia. El tiempo quirúrgico promedio fue de 234 minutos. El sangrado promedio fue de 200 ml. El promedio de estancia en la unidad de cuidados intensivos fue de 4,8 días. Tres pacientes fallecieron. Hubo ocho complicaciones. El tiempo promedio de hospitalización fue de 10,5 días.

La esofagectomía mínimamente invasora es un procedimiento factible y seguro desde el punto de vista técnico. La indicación del procedimiento y la selección del abordaje deben hacerse de manera individual, teniendo en cuenta el tipo de enfermedad, las enfermedades asociadas, los recursos disponibles y la destreza y experiencia del grupo quirúrgico.
Los principales beneficios demostrados hacen referencia a la disminución de la hemorragia, la reducción de la necesidad de la unidad de cuidados intensivos, la disminución del dolor y del tiempo de hospitalización, y el regreso más temprano a las actividades normales. La esofagectomía mínimamente invasora es un procedimiento que debe ser llevado a cabo en centros de alto nivel de complejidad y por cirujanos expertos. El impacto y los beneficios de esta intervención en el tratamiento del cáncer del esófago no están bien definidos y deben determinarse con estudios prospectivos aleatorios.
ЦИФРОВІЗАЦІЯ ПУБЛІЧНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ В УКРАЇНІ: ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙНИЙ АСПЕКТ
Authors: Сурай Артем 
Published: April 2024

У статті висвітлено організаційний аспект цифровізації публічного управління в Україні, зокрема функції його основного суб’єкта – Міністерства цифрової трансформації України (Мінцифри). Проведений нами аналіз вказує на недослідженість організаційного аспекту цифровізації публічного управління в Україні. З’ясовано, що Міністерство цифрової трансформації України є основним суб’єктом публічного управління, який здійснює організацію усього процесу цифровізації публічного управління в Україні. При цьому, Мінцифри здійснює не тільки формування, а також реалізацію державної політики у сферах цифровізації, цифрового розвитку, цифрової економіки, цифрових інновацій та технологій, робототехніки та роботизації, електронного урядування та електронної демократії, розвитку інформаційного суспільства, інформатизації та інших дотичних сферах.
Розглянуто усі функції Мінцифри і згруповано їх під таким кутом зору: функції формування політики та функції реалізації політики. Установлено, що саме функції формування політики є основними для Мінцифри, як міністерства відповідно до Закону України «Про центральні органи виконавчої влади». При цьому, з огляду на те, що міністр Мінцифри, як член Уряду, особисто відповідає за формування та реалізацію державної політики у сферах, що визначені законодавством, з’ясована потреба у деконцентрації функцій міністерства як інституції публічного управління (функції формування політики) та переданні іншим інституціям публічного управління функцій реалізації політики. Така деконцентрація функцій сприятиме посиленню демократичних основ публічного управління.
A mathematical model of the gravitational potential of the planet taking into account tidal deformations
Authors: Shatina А. V. , Borets A. S. 
Published: April 2024

Objectives. This paper investigates the gravitational potential of a viscoelastic planet moving in the gravitational field of a massive attracting center (star), a satellite and one or more other planets moving in Keplerian elliptical orbits relative to the attracting center. Celestial bodies other than a viscoelastic planet are modeled by material points. Within the framework of the linear model of the theory of viscoelasticity, the problem of finding the vector of elastic displacement has been resolved. Traditionally, a solid body model is used to determine the Earth’s gravitational field, while tidal deformations are taken into account in the form of small corrections to the coefficients of the geopotential model. In this work, the viscoelastic ball model is used to take into account tidal effects. The relevance of the research topic is associated with high-precision forecasting of the movement of artificial satellites of the Earth, high-precision measurement of the Earth’s gravitational field.Methods. In this study the asymptotic and analytical methods developed by V.G. Vilke are used for mechanical systems containing viscoelastic elements of high rigidity, as well as methods of classical mechanics, mathematical analysis. The graphs were plotted using the Octave mathematical package.Results. After resolving the quasi-static problem of elasticity theory by calculating triple integrals over a spherical area, a formula for the gravitational potential of a deformable planet was obtained. In addition, the gravitational potential of the Earth was also calculated taking into account solid-state tidal effects from the Moon, Sun, and Venus at an external point. Graphs were constructed to show the dependence of the Earth’s gravitational potential on time.Conclusions. The theoretical and numerical results established herein show that the main contribution to the gravitational potential of the Earth is made by the Moon and the Sun. The influence of other planets in the solar system is small. The value of the gravitational potential at the outer point of the Earth, taking into account tidal effects, depends both on the position of the point in the moving coordinate system and on the relative position of celestial bodies.
Exploring the benefits of mindfulness training in healthy independent community-dwelling older adults using a mixed methods approach
Authors: Fiocco Alexandra , Mallya Sasha , Farzaneh Mitra , Koszycki Diana 
Published: April 2024

<p>The current randomized controlled study employed a mixed methods approach to better elucidate the benefits of mindfulness meditation for stress management among healthy older adults. Ninety-six older adults were randomly assigned to either a mindfulness-based intervention (MBI, <em>n</em> = 57) or a reading and relaxation program (RRP, <em>n</em> = 39). Participants completed the stress profile pre- and post-intervention and a series of open-ended questions post-intervention for qualitative analysis. Results suggest that both groups displayed improvements from baseline for perceived hassles, global health habits, and psychological wellbeing. Between-groups differences at post-intervention were only found for threat minimization, with the MBI group displaying a relative increase in this coping strategy relative to the RRP group. Results were not moderated by baseline perceived stress. Qualitative benefits and challenges of each program were identified. Current findings contribute to the scarce literature examining mindfulness in older adults and suggest that employing a mixed -methods approach can help to more accurately evaluate the benefits of mindfulness training in this population.</p>
A cross-cultural analysis of salivary cortisol patterns in breast cancer survivors
Authors: Wan Cynthia , Boileau Kayla , D'Amico Danielle , Huang Vivian , Fiocco Alexandra , Clément Richard , Bielajew Catherine 
Published: April 2024

<p>Aim: In this study, we examined whether Chinese and White women with and without a history of breast cancer exhibit differences in physiological and psychological stress profiles. Methods: Diurnal and reactive salivary cortisol profiles and psychological stress patterns of 41 breast cancer survivors and 58 healthy women were assessed. Results: Breast cancer survivors displayed a blunted acute cortisol response but there was no main effect of ethnocultural membership. Subjective appraisals of stress during the acute stressor revealed a significant interaction between ethnocultural group, health status and time (p = 0.032). Conclusion: Our results support the existing literature though suggest group differences in the appraisal of stress; thus, underscoring the importance of cultural sensitivity and awareness among clinicians and existing programs. </p>
Analisis Unjuk Kerja Turbin Ulir Archimedes Satu Sudu dengan Variasi Head
Authors: Gunawan Gad , Kimana Cloudiandy Mukti , Suanggana Doddy , Djafar Alfian 
Published: April 2024

Solusi alternatif yang menjawab permasalahan energi fosil adalah penggunaan energi terbarukan. Energi air merupakan salah satu energi terbarukan yang cukup besar penggunaannya di dunia. Salah satu turbin yang cocok diaplikasikan pada kondisi aliran dengan head yang rendah adalah turbin Ulir Archimedes. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji performa turbin ulir Archimedes pada beberapa head, yaitu head 300 mm, 500 mm dan 700 mm. Turbin yang digunakan memiliki jumlah sudu satu. Metode yang digunakan adalah eksperimen, yang dilakukan di laboratorium pada instalasi pengujian yang dirancang. Pada eksperimen ini didapatkan daya tertinggi didapatkan pada head 700 mm sebesar 6,407 Watt dan efisiensi terbesar 26,59% pada variasi head 500 mm. Hal ini menunjukkan performa suatu turbin tergantung pada kondisi operasinya.
Activating cancer communities through an exercise strategy for survivors: an effectiveness-implementation trial
Authors: Heinze Stefan S. , Chiekwe C. Joy , Christensen Thomas , Culos-Reed S. Nicole , Kendall Stephanie J. , Langley Jodi E. , McNeely Margaret L. , Keats Melanie R. , Grandy Scott A. 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionStrong evidence supports the recommendation that individuals living with or beyond cancer (LWBC) should be physically active and engage in physical exercise to enhance health and improve cancer-related outcomes. Many individuals LWBC are not achieving these benefits, partly due to a lack of resources. To address this, Activating Cancer Communities through an Exercise Strategy for Survivors (ACCESS) was developed to provide exercise programming and investigate exercise strategies and barriers for those LWBC.MethodsUsing an effectiveness-implementation design, adults LWBC joined ACCESS by healthcare provider or self-referral. A clinical exercise physiologist triaged participants to either a hospital-based site or one of two community-based sites to complete a 12-week, 24-session multimodal individualized exercise program. Physical fitness and multiple patient-reported outcomes were measured pre- and post-intervention.ResultsBetween January 2018 and March 2020, there were 332 referrals. Of these, 122 participants consented and completed the study. Completing ACCESS was associated with improvements in physical fitness and participant-reported outcomes, including general wellbeing, fatigue, negative emotional states, sleep quality, and exercise self-efficacy. The program was well-received by participants and was deemed feasible and acceptable from an implementation perspective.DiscussionThe ACCESS program demonstrably improved several health outcomes for individuals LWBC. Implementation outcomes have and continue to guide ongoing efforts to improve accessibility to ACCESS and work with the regional health authority and cancer care program to support the adoption of exercise into standard oncology care.Clinical trial registrationclinicaltrials.gov, identifier [NCT03599843].
Mendelian randomization analysis identifies druggable genes and drugs repurposing for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Wang Zihui , Li Shaoqiang , Cai Guannan , Gao Yuan , Yang Huajing , Li Yun , Liang Juncheng , Zhang Shiyu , Hu Jieying , Zheng Jinping 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a prevalent condition that significantly impacts public health. Unfortunately, there are few effective treatment options available. Mendelian randomization (MR) has been utilized to repurpose existing drugs and identify new therapeutic targets. The objective of this study is to identify novel therapeutic targets for COPD.MethodsCis-expression quantitative trait loci (cis-eQTL) were extracted for 4,317 identified druggable genes from genomics and proteomics data of whole blood (eQTLGen) and lung tissue (GTEx Consortium). Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) data for doctor-diagnosed COPD, spirometry-defined COPD (Forced Expiratory Volume in one second [FEV1]/Forced Vital Capacity [FVC] &lt;0.7), and FEV1 were obtained from the cohort of FinnGen, UK Biobank and SpiroMeta consortium. We employed Summary-data-based Mendelian Randomization (SMR), HEIDI test, and colocalization analysis to assess the causal effects of druggable gene expression on COPD and lung function. The reliability of these druggable genes was confirmed by eQTL two-sample MR and protein quantitative trait loci (pQTL) SMR, respectively. The potential effects of druggable genes were assessed through the phenome-wide association study (PheWAS). Information on drug repurposing for COPD was collected from multiple databases.ResultsA total of 31 potential druggable genes associated with doctor-diagnosed COPD, spirometry-defined COPD, and FEV1 were identified through SMR, HEIDI test, and colocalization analysis. Among them, 22 genes (e.g., MMP15, PSMA4, ERBB3, and LMCD1) were further confirmed by eQTL two-sample MR and protein SMR analyses. Gene-level PheWAS revealed that ERBB3 expression might reduce inflammation, while GP9 and MRC2 were associated with other traits. The drugs Montelukast (targeting the MMP15 gene) and MARIZOMIB (targeting the PSMA4 gene) may reduce the risk of spirometry-defined COPD. Additionally, an existing small molecule inhibitor of the APH1A gene has the potential to increase FEV1.ConclusionsOur findings identified 22 potential drug targets for COPD and lung function. Prioritizing clinical trials that target these identified druggable genes with existing drugs or novel medications will be beneficial for the development of COPD treatments.
Systematic review of cardiovascular neurocristopathy—contemporary insights and future perspectives
Authors: Soliman Osama , Acharya Yogesh , Gilard Martine , Duffy Garry , Wijns William , Kannan Venkatesh , Sultan Sherif 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionNeural crest cells (NCCs) are multipotent and are attributed to the combination of complex multimodal gene regulatory mechanisms. Cardiac neural crest (CNC) cells, originating from the dorsal neural tube, are pivotal architects of the cardio-neuro-vascular domain, which orchestrates the embryogenesis of critical cardiac and vascular structures. Remarkably, while the scientific community compiled a comprehensive inventory of neural crest derivatives by the early 1980s, our understanding of the CNC's role in various cardiovascular disease processes still needs to be explored. This review delves into the differentiation of NCC, specifically the CNC cells, and explores the diverse facets of non-syndromic cardiovascular neurocristopathies.MethodsA systematic review was conducted as per the PRISMA Statement. Three prominent databases, PubMed, Scopus, and Embase, were searched, which yielded 1,840 studies. We excluded 1,796 studies, and the final selection of 44 studies formed the basis of this comprehensive review.ResultsNeurocristopathies are a group of genetic disorders that affect the development of cells derived from the NC. Cardiovascular neurocristopathy, i.e., cardiopathy and vasculopathy, associated with the NCC could occur in the form of (1) cardiac septation disorders, mainly the aortico-pulmonary septum; (2) great vessels and vascular disorders; (3) myocardial dysfunction; and (4) a combination of all three phenotypes. This could result from abnormalities in NCC migration, differentiation, or proliferation leading to structural abnormalities and are attributed to genetic, familial, sporadic or acquired causes.DiscussionPhenotypic characteristics of cardiovascular neurocristopathies, such as bicuspid aortic valve and thoracic aortic aneurysm, share a common embryonic origin and are surprisingly prevalent in the general population, necessitating further research to identify the underlying pathogenic and genetic factors responsible for these cardiac anomalies. Such discoveries are essential for enhancing diagnostic screening and refining therapeutic interventions, ultimately improving the lives of individuals affected by these conditions.
Empowering inclusivity: improving readability of living kidney donation information with ChatGPT
Authors: Garcia Valencia Oscar A. , Thongprayoon Charat , Miao Jing , Suppadungsuk Supawadee , Krisanapan Pajaree , Craici Iasmina M. , Jadlowiec Caroline C. , Mao Shennen A. , Mao Michael A. , Leeaphorn Napat , Budhiraja Pooja , Cheungpasitporn Wisit 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundAddressing disparities in living kidney donation requires making information accessible across literacy levels, especially important given that the average American adult reads at an 8th-grade level. This study evaluated the effectiveness of ChatGPT, an advanced AI language model, in simplifying living kidney donation information to an 8th-grade reading level or below.MethodsWe used ChatGPT versions 3.5 and 4.0 to modify 27 questions and answers from Donate Life America, a key resource on living kidney donation. We measured the readability of both original and modified texts using the Flesch-Kincaid formula. A paired t-test was conducted to assess changes in readability levels, and a statistical comparison between the two ChatGPT versions was performed.ResultsOriginally, the FAQs had an average reading level of 9.6 ± 1.9. Post-modification, ChatGPT 3.5 achieved an average readability level of 7.72 ± 1.85, while ChatGPT 4.0 reached 4.30 ± 1.71, both with a p-value &lt;0.001 indicating significant reduction. ChatGPT 3.5 made 59.26% of answers readable below 8th-grade level, whereas ChatGPT 4.0 did so for 96.30% of the texts. The grade level range for modified answers was 3.4–11.3 for ChatGPT 3.5 and 1–8.1 for ChatGPT 4.0.ConclusionBoth ChatGPT 3.5 and 4.0 effectively lowered the readability grade levels of complex medical information, with ChatGPT 4.0 being more effective. This suggests ChatGPT's potential role in promoting diversity and equity in living kidney donation, indicating scope for further refinement in making medical information more accessible.
Toward institutional transformation: warming the chilly climate for women in STEM through macrostructural change
Authors: Erichsen Kristen , Šaras Emily D. , Perez-Felkner Lara 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionAlthough the demand for graduates with Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) credentials continues to climb, women remain underrepresented as both students and faculty in STEM higher education. Compounding social forces can hinder organizational change for gender equity in STEM, constraining institutions and individuals within them. This study advances macrostructural theory to examine the impact of gender composition (including group size and heterogeneity) of women faculty on structural change, as measured by gender desegregation of STEM degree earners. We advance this theory by incorporating faculty rank, rather than treating group composition as a static category.MethodThis study draws on a federal repository of data to assess institutional change in the share of STEM women faculty in the U.S. We employ quasi-experimental methods to explore the following research questions: (1) does hiring more women onto an institution’s faculty roster shrink the gender gap among STEM degree earners? and (2) does segregation of faculty by gender within institutions shape the gender gap among STEM degree earners?FindingsWhile institutional efforts herald their efforts of hiring more women faculty, our findings indicate that gender desegregation of STEM degree earners partially depends on the promotion of women faculty to tenure.DiscussionImplications for theory, policy, and practice are discussed, with a focus on institutional-level change.
Associations between sex hormones, receptors, binding proteins and inflammatory bowel disease: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zou Fei , Hu Yaxian , Xu Mengmeng , Wang Su , Wu Zengrong , Deng Feihong 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundGender differences existed in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Observational studies have revealed associations between sex hormones and IBD, such as estrogen and testosterone. However, the exact relationship between these sex hormones and IBD is unclear.MethodBased on the genome-wide association studies data of eight sex hormones, two sex hormone receptors, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), total IBD and its two subtypes, we performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study to analyze their mutual relationship. For estradiol (E2), progesterone (PROG), bioavailable testosterone (BAT), total testosterone (TT) and SHBG, sex-stratified MR analyses were also performed. Inverse variance weighted method, MR-Egger regression and Weighted median method were used for causal analyses. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to test the stability of causal relationships. Besides, a reverse MR analysis was performed to estimate the reverse causation.ResultsE2 (P=0.028) and TT (P=0.034) had protective effects on CD. Sex-stratified analyses revealed protective roles of E2 in males on total IBD (P=0.038) and CD (P=0.020). TT in females had protective effects on total IBD (P=0.025) and CD (P=0.029), and BAT in females decreased the risk of developing CD (P=0.047) and UC (P=0.036). Moreover, SHBG in males was also associated with a decreased risk of CD (P=0.021). The reversed MR analysis showed that CD was negatively correlated with estrogen receptor (P=0.046). UC was negatively correlated with PROG in females (P=0.015) and positively correlated with SHBG levels in males (P=0.046).ConclusionFindings of this study revealed the mutual causal associations between sex hormones and the risk of developing IBD.