bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Value-Based Proficiency Training and Training in Leadership and Culture Building
Authors: Stellberg S. , Søiland V. 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
This paper describes an ongoing programme aiming to develop culture and management in a large corporation. A complex demand for dynamic cultural processes resulted in the establishment of a "Value-based Proficiency Training"programme including the entire workforce (phase 1).
The programme aims to create a common culture with respect to attitudes and organisational behaviour derived from the notion that value-based proficiency training holds the individual responsible and influence an enduring change in behaviour. The concept seems unique with regards to developing management in practice and influencing culture in large corporations. Through practice and training the participants identify and develop a common consensus with respect to best practice based on successful experience in addition to establishing cultural core values as a foundation for HSE decision processes.
The programme made visible a need for leadership training in order to secure and enhance the elements within daily practices. Experiences in phase 1 and interviews with a number of leaders built the foundation for an advanced "Management Leadership and Culture Building"-programme (phase 2). Its aim is to raise the awareness of the importance of leaders as culture builders in order to promote a safe culture of performance.
Results reveal a consistent effectiveness of training with respect to strengthening good leadership, culture building and raising personal awareness and responsibility of individual personnel. Based on the above, the company has instituted an in-house training centre as a permanent and integrated part of the business. The training centre is drifted by internal personnel allowing for continuous training and a constant focus on a cultural development within the organization. External consultants and research institutions have contributed with respect to the planning and implementation.
Stochastic Modeling of Fractured Gas Wells Completed in Low Permeability Noncontinuous Lenticular Reservoirs
Authors: Evans Ronald D. , Carroll Herbert B. 
Published: December 2007

ABSTRACT
A mathematical model is presented which forms the basis for a reservoir simulator that can be used to assist in interpretation and prediction of the performance of hydraulically fractured gas wells completed in noncontinuous sand lense formations. Equations are derived to simulate both reservoir and well performance. They are general in that the following effects are considered: 1. noncontinuous sand lenses 2. three-dimensional flow in the reservoir and one-dimensional flow in the fracture. 3. non-Darcy flow in the reservoir and fracture 4. wellbore and fracture storage 5. formation damage on the fracture face 6. frictional pressure drop in the production string and 7. Klinkenberg effect. An opertional two dimensional gas reservoir simulator has been developed which includes these effects and has been verified for some selected test cases.
NOx Emissions from Steam Generators Used in Thermal Enhanced Oil Recovery
Authors: Nelson Lawrence P. , Folsom Blair A. 
Published: December 2007

ABSTRACT
Recovery of the substantial crude oil reserves in central California has been restricted by stringent state regulations limiting the NOx emissions from steam generators used to enhance the recovery process. These regulations specify that emissions reductions below a baseline level are required when certain ambient NO2 triggering levels are exceeded. There have been no comprehensive test programs aimed at defining baseline emissions from steam generators or the effects of design parameters on those emissions. There have, however, been many individual tests of steam generators that have been performed primarily to comply with licensing requirements and these show that NOx emissions from standard 15 MW (50 × 106 Btu/hr) generators vary by a factor of five, from 160 to 825 cm3/m3 NOx, corrected to 3 percent O2. Clearly, this indicates a need to identify an established baseline to which emissions levels from alternative configurations may be compared.
The study described in this paper entailed compilation of all available test results and analysis of these to 1) define the NOx emissions baseline, 2) delineate the effects of several design variables on emissions, and 3) address the effectiveness of field tested NOx reduction techniques and equipment. From these results, the 15 MW (50 × 106 Btu/hr) steam generator with a conventional burner was observed to be the most common configuration. The type of burner and steam generator were found to be relatively unimportant, probably because of similarities in design between manufacturers. The generator capacity was of greater importance. Steam generators with 6 MW (20 × 106 Btu/hr) nominal capacity exhibited NOx emissions exceeding the 15 MW (50 × 106 Btu/hr) conventional burner levels, as did 15 MW (50 × 106 Btu/hr) generators equipped with low excess air burners (designed for high thermal efficiency). Field test results from two NOx reduction methods were also analyzed. Ammonia injection into the combustion products showed significant effect on NOx emissions; current technology low NOx burners were characterized by emissions near conventional burner levels.
An Analysis of Fracturing Pressures in the South Belridge and Lost Hills Fields
Authors: Swanson Glenn S. , Meeken Richard B. 
Published: December 2007

ABSTRACT
This paper presents both theories and rules of thumb believed applicable to everyday fracturing situations in the Lost Hills and South Belridge fields. Pressure analysis is featured with emphasis on bottom hole fracturing pressure calculation and interpretation. Suggestions for the application of findings are offered in hopes of increasing the efficiency of current frac completion and treating methods.
Numerical Simulation of Thermal Recovery Processes
Authors: Soliman Mohamed Y. , Brigham W. E. , Raghavan Raj 
Published: December 2007

ABSTRACT
This paper presents the development and application of an In-Situ combustion model designed to simulate a laboratory combustion tube. This model is a first step to a comprehensive field model. It considers both mass and heat balance equations. Combustion is assumed to occur from direct burning of oil. Except for this assumption, the simulator rigorously considers the flow of different fluid phases through a combustion tube. To expand the mass and heat balance equations, we use a fully implicit finite difference scheme. The resulting system of equations is solved simultaneously.
The model calculates data on pressure, temperature and saturation distribution inside a combustion tube. These data are compared to published laboratory combustion tube data as well as other existing numerical simulators.
In addition, the model also simulates hot water flooding and steam injection. Calculated temperature and saturation distribution for both of these processes are presented.
NMR Desaturation and Surface Relaxivity Measurements on Clastic Rocks
Authors: Dastidar R. , Sondergeld C. H. , Rai C. S. 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
Archie1 recognized the importance of information obtained over multiple observational scales. As confidence grows in properties measured by vastly improved logging capabilities, we tend to ignore Archie's original insight. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance2, NMR, yields rock independent estimates of porosity as well as estimates of bound and movable water and the distribution of pore bodies. These measures are combined with empirical core studies to infer permeabilities and to predict capillary pressure from NMR data. Our experimental study is designed to evaluate these empirical relationships and to understand the variability in T2 response due to the intrinsic properties of the porous network.
We have analyzed 90 cores with mixed orientation from five different clastic formations. The analysis included high pressure mercury injection, NMR desaturation, permeability, porosity and mineralogical measurements. NMR measurements were performed with a 2 MHz spectrometer. The porosity of the cores ranged from 4% to 23% while measured air permeabilities ranged from 0.01 to 900 md.
The T2 cutoff i.e., the boundary between free and bound water, for the complete set of samples ranges from 6 to 100 msec which represents significant departures from the typically assumed 33 ms cutoff for clastics. Mineralogical dependence is observed in the behavior of T2 cutoff. In general, the permeability estimation based on a weighted geometric mean of the T2 time performed better than the model based on the ratio of free fluid index to bound volume index. Mapping of pore bodies as measured with NMR to pore throat derived from Hg injection resulted in estimation of surface relaxivities which ranged from 6 to 50 μm/sec. These relaxivities were used to generate pseudo-capillary pressure curves from NMR which map well with the measured capillary pressures. Comparison between the cumulative NMR and mercury data yields insight into differences in the pore structure between samples. Mineralogical composition of the matrix influences the surface relaxivity especially if paramagnetic ions (e.g. Fe2+) are present3. On an average there is a general decrease in surface relaxivity with increase in quartz content.
Family Caregiving or Caregiving Alone: Who Helps the Helper?
Authors: Sims-Gould Joanie , Martin-Matthews Anne 
Published: December 2007

ABSTRACTThis study advances the understanding of family caregiving by examining the relationship between adult children caregivers and their helpers. Specifically, it focuses on examining “who helps whom” and extends analyses beyond the dyadic focus of caregiving in later life. The focus on helping and caregiving addresses the variety of contributions and responsibilities involving not only the caregiver who was the target respondent in this research, but also others identified as helpers in the provision of care.The data for this study are derived from the Work and Eldercare Research group of CARNET: The Canadian Aging Research Network. Secondary analysis of CARNET data focuses on data collected from 250 individuals with significant caregiving responsibilities for at least one older person. Findings extend Kahn & Antonucci's convoys of social support model (1981) and Cantor's model of social care (1991) by disentangling some of the dimensions of helping and caregiving, such as the distinction between direct and assistive help.
Social Network Data Validity: The Example of the Social Network of Caregivers of Older Persons with Alzheimer-Type Dementia
Authors: Carpentier Normand , Ducharme Francine 
Published: December 2007

ABSTRACTThis article offers reflection on the validity of relational data such as used in social network analysis. Ongoing research on the transformation of the support network of caregivers of persons with an Alzheimer-type disease provides the data to fuel the debate on the validity of participant report. More specifically, we sought to understand the factors that might influence the description of the support network by persons involved in caregiving. The issue warrants special attention, given that social relations – in their form and their content – constitute the raw material of network analysis. We propose that how persons describe their social network corresponds to a subjective process that rests, in part, on their representation of their cultural and social universe.
Allophone Students in French Second-Official-Language Programs: A Literature Review
Authors: Mady Callie 
Published: December 2007

Abstract: In Canada, education in French as a second language (FSL) offers students the opportunity to learn a second official language. Is such an opportunity appropriate for allophone students who are still in the process of learning English? This literature review provides a fourfold consideration of the issue. Section 1 examines the political response by investigating whether Canadian federal policies provide for the inclusion of allophone students in FSL programs. Section 2 provides an overview of provincial policies, specifically examining allophone students’ access to FSL. A review of the literature regarding the motivation of allophone students is found in Section 3. Finally, Section 4 details the research on the achievement of allophone students studying French.
Are soil lichen communities structured by biotic interactions? A null model analysis
Authors: Maestre Fernando T. , Escolar Cristina , Martínez Isabel , Escudero Adrián 
Published: December 2007

AbstractQuestion: Are soil lichen communities structured by biotic interactions?Location: Gypsum outcrops located next to Belmonte del Tajo, central Spain.Methods: We sampled a total of 68 (50 cm × 50 cm) plots in gypsum outcrops from central Spain. Each plot was divided into 100 (5 cm × 5 cm) sampling quadrats, and the presence of all lichen species in every quadrat was recorded (6800 quadrats in total). We used two realistic null models to generate random communities unstructured by biotic interactions, and used them to test the hypothesis that soil lichen species co‐occur less often than expected by chance.Results: We found fewer species combinations and less co‐occurrence than expected by chance. However, the latter result was dependent on the null model selected. The number of checkerboard pairs did not differ significantly from the null expectation.Conclusions: Overall, our results suggest that gypsiferous soil lichen communities are structured by competitive interactions. They are consistent with studies conducted with a wide variety of taxa, and fill a gap in our knowledge of the factors driving the small‐scale distribution of these important organisms.
Evolutions, Revolutions and Trends in Biomaterials Science – A Perspective
Authors: Jandt K. D. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractDespite a number of shortcomings biomaterials for implants have not changed much during the last decades. Yet, there is a revolution ongoing in fundamental biomaterials science research, which introduces new concepts and may help to answer a number of open questions. Bioactive and biomimetic nanomaterials in zero, one or two dimensions may be at the brink of transfer to clinical testing and application. These materials will in the future intervene actively in biological processes, such as protein adsorption, cell binding and growth.
Pentacyclic Compounds by Samarium Diiodide‐Induced Cascade Cyclizations of Naphthyl‐Substituted 1,3‐Diones
Authors: Wefelscheid Ulrike K. , Reissig Hans‐Ulrich 
Published: December 2007

AbstractTreatment of naphthyl‐substituted cyclopentane‐1,3‐diones with the samarium diiodide‐ hexamethylphosphoramide (HMPA) complex in the presence of tert‐butyl alcohol provided the expected tetracyclic diols with steroid‐like structures. Surprisingly, reactions without the proton source led to the efficient formation of a new pentacyclic diol. In this case the toxic additive HMPA could be substituted by a combination of lithium bromide (in situ generation of samarium dibromide) and N,N‐dimethylimidazolidone. The styrene‐like alkene moiety of this product was used to prepare an ensemble of highly substituted pentacyclic steroid‐like compounds.
Insulin and solid‐phase synthesis, 1964–1970
Authors: Marglin Arnold 
Published: December 2007

AbstractA chemical synthesis of insulin was undertaken by solid phase principles during the period 1964–70. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers (Pept Sci) 90: 200–202, 2008.This article was originally published online as an accepted preprint. The “Published Online” date corresponds to the preprint version. You can request a copy of the preprint by emailing the Biopolymers editorial office at biopolymers@wiley.com
Identification of metabolic fluxes in hepatic cells from transient 13C‐labeling experiments: Part II. Flux estimation
Authors: Maier Klaus , Hofmann Ute , Reuss Matthias , Mauch Klaus 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThis contribution addresses the identification of metabolic fluxes and metabolite concentrations in mammalian cells from transient 13C‐labeling experiments. Whilst part I describes experimental set‐up and acquisition of required metabolite and 13C‐labeling data, part II focuses on setting up network models and the estimation of intracellular fluxes. Metabolic fluxes were determined in glycolysis, pentose‐phosphate pathway (PPP), and citric acid cycle (TCA) in a hepatoma cell line grown in aerobic batch cultures. In glycolytic and PPP metabolite pools isotopic stationarity was observed within 30 min, whereas in the TCA cycle the labeling redistribution did not reach isotopic steady state even within 180 min. In silico labeling dynamics were in accordance with in vivo 13C‐labeling data. Split ratio between glycolysis and PPP was 57%:43%; intracellular glucose concentration was estimated at 101.6 nmol per 106 cells. In contrast to isotopic stationary 13C‐flux analysis, transient 13C‐flux analysis can also be applied to industrially relevant mammalian cell fed‐batch and batch cultures. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2008;100: 355–370. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The effect of NQO1 polymorphism on the inflammatory response in cardiopulmonary bypass
Authors: Isbir C. Selim , Ergen Arzu , Tekeli Atike , Zeybek Umit , Gormus Uzay , Arsan Sinan 
Published: December 2007

AbstractCardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) has been associated with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). Endothelial dysfunction related to non‐laminar flow during CPB is known to play a key role in this complex pathology. Antioxidant response element (ARE) dependent NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) promoter is a regulatory element involved in the anti‐inflammatory mechanism in vasculature exposed to non‐laminar flow. Mutation of the NQO1 could represent a novel anti‐inflammatory effect in CPB. The goal of this study was to demonstrate whether genetic variants of NQO1 affect cytokine release after CPB. Eighteen patients who underwent standard coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) operation were included in the study. Genotyping for NQO1 was performed. Serum Interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) levels were measured before induction, during CPB after declamping the aorta, and 24 h after operation. Clinical data were collected respectively. Seven patients were NQO1 T carriers and 11 patients were NQO1 T non‐carriers. During CPB, IL‐6 concentrations were increased in NQO1 T carriers compared to T non‐carriers (p = 0.038). Although ventilation times and blood loss were higher in T carriers these were not statistically significant. Patients with NQO1 T carriers showed significantly higher IL‐6 levels during CPB. Non‐laminar flow during CPB may diminish the transcriptional activation of the NQO1 in T carriers. Preoperative determination of this novel anti‐inflammatory mechanism could be useful to improve operative outcome in CPB. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Use of multislice CT for the evaluation of emergency room patients with chest pain: The so‐called “Triple rule‐out”
Authors: Gallagher Michael J. , Raff, Gilbert L. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractRecent advances in computed tomography (CT) technology have made high resolution noninvasive coronary angiograms possible. Multiple studies involving over 2,000 patients have established that coronary CT angiography (CCTA) is highly accurate for delineation of the presence and severity of coronary atherosclerosis. The high negative predictive value (>95%) found in these studies suggests that CCTA is an attractive option for exclusion of coronary artery disease in properly selected emergency department patients with acute chest pain. CT is also a well established and accurate tool for the diagnosis of acute aortic dissection and pulmonary embolism. Recent technical developments now permit acquisition of well‐opacified images of the coronary arteries, thoracic aorta and pulmonary arteries from a single CT scan. While this so called “triple‐rule out” scan protocol can potentially exclude fatal causes of chest pain in all three vascular beds, the attendant higher radiation dose of this method precludes its routine use except when there is sufficient support for the diagnosis of either aortic dissection or pulmonary embolism. This article provides an overview of CCTA, and reviews the clinical evidence supporting the use of this technique for triage of patients with acute chest pain. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
ChemInform Abstract: Kolbeckite, ScPO4×2H2O, Isomorphous with Metavariscite.
Authors: Yang Hexiong , Li Chen , Jenkins Robert A. , Downs Robert T. , Costin Gelu 
Published: December 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Pr4B10O21: A New Composition of Rare‐Earth Borates by High‐Pressure/High‐Temperature Synthesis.
Authors: Haberer Almut , Heymann Gunter , Huppertz Hubert 
Published: December 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Cyclization of Vinyl Ethers Derived from Amino Alcohols.
Authors: Kukharev B. F. , Stankevich V. K. , Klimenko G. R. , Kukhareva V. A. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Aerobic Oxidation of Activated Alcohols into Acids or Aldehydes in Ionic Liquids.
Authors: Jiang Nan , Ragauskas Arthur J. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Pd—C‐Induced Catalytic Transfer Hydrogenation with Triethylsilane.
Authors: Mandal Pijus K. , McMurray John S. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalytic Activation of TMSCN by Basic Ammonium Salts for Efficient Cyanation of Aldehydes and Imines.
Authors: Raj I. Victor Paul , Suryavanshi Gurunath , Sudalai A. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Reactivity of Olefin Metathesis Catalysts Bearing Cyclic (Alkyl)(Amino)Carbenes.
Authors: Anderson Donde R. , Lavallo Vincent , O'Leary Daniel J. , Bertrand Guy , Grubbs Robert H. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.