bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wide surgical exposure for singular neurectomy in the treatment of benign positional vertigo
Authors: Silverstenin Herbet , White David W. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractSince 1972, singular neurectomy has been performed on 58 patients who had classical benign positional vertigo. The procedure is done under general anesthesia; a wide post‐auricular exposure is made and the external auditory canal is maximally enlarged until the vertical portion of the facial nerve is identified. This gives an excellent view of the round window niche. Our results indicate vertigo was completely cured in 80% of the cases and improved in 17%. There has been no incidence of total hearing loss in the last 49 cases and only 3 of 49 patients (6%) had sensorineural loss. Although singular neurectomy can be mastered, it will remain a procedure done by few surgeons. The wide exposure technique is safer for preservation of cochlear function and the posterior ampullary nerve is easier to find than using the transmeatal approach as described by Gacek.
Supracricoid laryngectomy with cricohyoidopexy: A partial laryngeal procedure for selected supraglottic and transglottic carcinomas
Authors: Laccourreye Henri , Laccourreye Ollivier , Weinstein Gregory , Menard Madeleine , Brasnu Daniel 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe partial horizontal supracricoid laryngectomy with cricohyoidopexy consists of resection of the whole thyroid cartilage and paraglottic space, as well as the epiglottis and the whole preepiglottic space. The cricoid cartilage, the hyoid bone, and at least one arytenoid cartilage are spared. Sixty‐eight patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the supraglottis who underwent this procedure during the period from 1974 through 1986 are presented. Conventional horizontal supraglottic laryngectomy was contraindicated in all cases. All but three patients (95.4%) recovered physiologic deglutition, and none required a permanent tra‐cheostomy. The 3‐year actuarial survival rate was 71.4%. No local recurrences were encountered. The indications for the procedure are carcinomas of the supraglottis that 1. involve the glottis and anterior commissure, 2. invade the ventricle, 3. present with a marked limitation of true vocal cord mobility (transglottic lesions), and 4. invade the thyroid cartilage. The procedure is presented as a useful alternative to radiation therapy, horizontal supraglottic laryngectomy, and total laryngectomy in select cases of supraglottic carcinoma.
The use of gadolinium‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging to determine lesion site in traumatic facial paralysis
Authors: Haberkamp Thomas J. , Harvey Steven A. , Daniels David L. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractGadolinium‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging has been used to evaluate 20 patients with surgically confirmed facial nerve lesions. When the nerve could be seen, gadolinium‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging accurately revealed the lesion site as well as the known extent, which in some cases was not predicted by topognostic testing. This technique appears to provide accurate lesion‐site testing and may have importance in surgical planning. Currently used topognostic tests of facial nerve function are frequently inaccurate and can only determine the most proximal lesion site when there are multiple or extensive lesions.The focal nerve enhancement seen in nerve injury, globally increased signal intensity within the temporal bone after trauma, and increased signal intensity within the dura after surgery can occasionally mask nerve lesions and may be confused with tumors.
A palmar dermatosis linked to occult carcinoma of the upper thorax, head and neck: Bazex's syndrome and tripe palm
Authors: Lawrence Naomi , Rietschel Robert L. , Ii R. Brent Butcher 
Published: October 2006

AbstractAn unusual, persistent, corregated‐to‐honeycombed thickening of the palms accompanied by tenderness around the fingernails was found to be a cutaneous marker for internal malignancy. This combination of signs and symptoms has been reported under two clinical entities: Bazex's syndrome and tripe palm. This paraneoplastic syndrome is of interest to head and neck surgeons due to the location of the primary tumor, the site of metastatic disease, and the ability to cure the cutaneous disease by surgical removal of the primary tumor. In our patient, a squamous cell carcinoma of the lung not detectable on chest x‐ray presented as a cervical mass accompanied by cutaneous changes on the palms and fingernails. Recognition of the relationship of the dermatologic changes to malignancy of a specific body region eventually led to the detection of the primary tumor. The characteristics of these paraneoplastic syndromes were reviewed in this report.
Wnt but Not BMP Signaling Is Involved in the Inhibitory Action of Sclerostin on BMP-Stimulated Bone Formation
Authors: van Bezooijen Rutger L , Svensson J Peter , Eefting Daniël , Visser Annemieke , van der Horst Geertje , Karperien Marcel , Quax Paul HA , Vrieling Harry , Papapoulos Socrates E , ten Dijke Peter , Löwik Clemens WGM 
Published: October 2006

Abstract
Sclerostin is an osteocyte-derived negative regulator of bone formation. It inhibits BMP-stimulated bone formation both in vitro and in vivo but has no direct effect on BMP signaling. Instead, sclerostin inhibits Wnt signaling that is required for BMP-stimulated osteoblastic differentiation.
Introduction: Sclerostin is a member of the Dan family of glycoproteins of which many members have been reported to antagonize BMP activity. Sclerostin has been shown to inhibit BMP-stimulated bone formation, but its mechanism of action seems to be different from classical BMP antagonists. In this study, we investigated the mechanism by which sclerostin inhibits BMP-stimulated bone formation.
Materials and Methods: DNA electroporation of calf muscle of mice using expression plasmids for BMP and sclerostin was used to study the effect of sclerostin on BMP-induced bone formation in vivo. Transcriptional profiling using microarrays of osteoblastic cells treated with BMP in the absence or presence of sclerostin was used to find specific growth factor signaling pathways affected by sclerostin. The affected pathways were further studied using growth factor–specific reporter constructs.
Results: BMP-induced ectopic bone formation in calf muscle of mice was prevented by co-expression of sclerostin in vivo. Transcriptional profiling analysis of osteoblastic cultures indicated that sclerostin specifically affects BMP and Wnt signaling out of many other growth signaling pathways. Sclerostin, however, did not inhibit stimulation of direct BMP target genes. Furthermore, we did not obtain any evidence for sclerostin acting as a direct BMP antagonist using a BMP-specific reporter construct. In contrast, sclerostin shared many characteristics with the Wnt antagonist dickkopf-1 in antagonizing BMP-stimulated bone formation and BMP- and Wnt-induced Wnt reporter construct activation.
Conclusions: Sclerostin inhibits BMP-stimulated bone formation but does not affect BMP signaling. Instead, it antagonizes Wnt signaling in osteoblastic cells. High bone mass in sclerosteosis and van Buchem disease may, therefore, result from increased Wnt signaling.
Structure determination without Fourier inversion. Part II: The use of intensity ratios and inequalities
Authors: Kirfel Armin , Fischer Karl F. , Zimmermann Helmuth W. 
Published: October 2006

Abstract
Using for a one-dimensional centrosymmetric structure of m equal point scatterers an m-dimensional coordinate parameter space P
m and the (n – 1) independent ratios q(h, k) = [I′(h)/I′(k)]1/2 = g′(h)/g′(k) of n > 1 structure amplitudes observed on relative scale it is shown that the determination of the structure or possibly homometric structures is equivalent to finding the common intersection(s) of (n – 1) ≥ m independent isosurfaces Q[h, k; q] of dimension (m – 1).A fast and efficient reduction of the parameter space to the fraction(s) of
P
m
that contain(s) the solution(s) can already be achieved on the basis of the qualitative inequalities between the observations. Therefore, emphasis is put on showing that each q(h, k) < 1, i.e.
g′(h) < g′(k) (or vice versa) rules out all the regions in P
m that contain point scatterer arrangements incompatible with q(h, k). For small structures, solution strategies are discussed and an estimate is given on the number of data necessary for solving even ‘tough’ problems.
Exposure to Medical Test Irradiation and Acute Leukemia Among Children With Down Syndrome: A Report From the Children's Oncology Group
Authors: Linabery Amy M. , Olshan Andrew F. , Gamis Alan S. , Smith Franklin O. , Heerema Nyla A. , Blair Cindy K. , Ross Julie A. 
Published: October 2006

OBJECTIVE. The etiology of acute childhood leukemia is not well understood, particularly among children with Down syndrome, in whom a 10- to 20-fold increased risk of leukemogenesis has been reported compared with children without Down syndrome. We explored the association between medical test irradiation, a postulated leukemogenic agent, and acute leukemia among children with Down syndrome.PATIENTS AND METHODS. Children with Down syndrome (controls) were frequency matched on age to children with Down syndrome and leukemia (cases) diagnosed at ages 0 to 19 years during the period 1997–2002 at participating Children's Oncology Group institutions in North America. Telephone interviews were completed with mothers of 158 cases (n = 97 acute lymphoblastic leukemia and n = 61 acute myeloid leukemia) and 173 controls. Paternal interviews were completed with 275 fathers and 40 mothers serving as surrogates. Three irradiation exposure periods were examined: preconception, in utero, and postnatal. Multivariate unconditional logistic regression models were constructed to evaluate the associations of interest, resulting in odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals.RESULTS. There was little evidence that maternal or paternal preconception irradiation exposure, intrauterine exposure, or postnatal exposure contributes to leukemogenesis in children with Down syndrome. Overall, no evidence for an effect of any periconceptional exposure was observed. Similar results were observed among acute lymphoblastic leukemia and acute myeloid leukemia cases analyzed separately.CONCLUSIONS. This was the first study, to our knowledge, to examine such an association among this unique patient population. The results do not provide evidence of a positive association between ionizing radiation exposure and acute leukemia among children with Down syndrome. The absence of an association should be encouraging for concerned parents of children with Down syndrome who undergo a series of diagnostic radiographs in the course of their standard care.
Effect of Periodontal Treatment on Serum C‐Reactive Protein Levels: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Ioannidou Effie , Malekzadeh Tannaz , Dongari‐Bagtzoglou Anna 
Published: October 2006

Background: Systemic inflammation is increasingly being recognized as a risk factor for adverse cardiovascular events. Evidence is accumulating that associates periodontal disease with a higher risk for atherosclerotic plaque formation. A positive association between circulating C‐reactive protein (CRP) levels and periodontal disease may be responsible for these observations. We undertook a systematic review and conducted a meta‐analysis of the available evidence to examine the effect of periodontal treatment on systemic CRP levels and to assess the quality of the available evidence.Methods: We conducted a systematic search of the English‐language literature on the effect of periodontal treatment on CRP levels, as assessed by high‐sensitivity assays, at least 2 months after periodontal treatment. The search was conducted in MEDLINE between 1966 and July 2005 and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. We performed a meta‐analysis using the DerSimonian and Laird random‐effects model.Results: The literature search yielded 814 citations of which 10 met the inclusion criteria. The meta‐analysis of the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) showed that the difference in serum CRP levels is not significantly different between the two arms. Similarly, results from the single‐cohort studies showed that the difference on serum CRP levels was not significantly different before and after treatment.Conclusions: There is now a large body of evidence to indicate that systemic inflammation is present in patients with periodontal disease. Thus, information from RCTs and single‐cohort studies does not support the hypothesis that periodontal treatment can reduce systemic CRP levels.
Relationship Between Prereferral Periodontal Care and Periodontal Status at Time of Referral
Authors: Dockter Kathryn M. , Williams Karen B. , Bray Kimberly S. , Cobb Charles M. 
Published: October 2006

Background: According to a recent study, the severity of periodontal disease of individuals referred for periodontal care is greater now than in 1980. Variability in the standard of periodontal care in general dental practices may result in less than desirable outcomes and consequences of poorer periodontal health.Methods: A sample of 100 newly referred dental patients from three separate periodontal practices in the greater Kansas City, Missouri area participated in this study. Data were collected from three sources: 1) a clinical chart audit, 2) current periodontal disease status as determined by clinical examination, and 3) a patient response questionnaire on past professional care and personal oral care habits. Bivariate analyses were performed using a statistical package.Results: Of the 100 subjects, 74 were diagnosed as periodontal case type IV at the point of referral, of which 29.8% were treatment planned by the periodontist for two or more extractions. Teeth treatment planned for extraction were significant as a function of disease severity (P = 0.0001). Periodontal treatment provided in general dental practices did not vary because of disease severity. The incidence of deep cleanings (scaling and root planing) was reported slightly higher (32.4%) for case type IV than for case type III (26.9%), but this difference was not statistically significant. The average number of cleanings received in the general dental office was less than the standard of care according to the severity of the disease.Conclusion: If one assumes that the data obtained in the Kansas City practices are representative of a larger geographic area, it indicates that dentistry may be failing to address issues of the timely diagnosis of periodontal disease, appropriate treatment, and/or timely referral for treatment.
Prevalence of Different Types of Accessory Canals in the Furcation Area of Third Molars
Authors: Zuza Elizangela P. , Toledo Benedicto E.C. , Hetem Sebastião , Spolidório Luis C. , Mendes Ary J.D. , Rosetti Elizabeth P. 
Published: October 2006

Background: Although there are several studies that show the prevalence and diameter of accessory root canals in the furcation area, there is a scarceness of studies that observe the trajectory and different types of cavo‐interradicular canals. The aim of this study was to verify the prevalence of the different morphologic types of accessory canals in the furcation region in an attempt to show their trajectories.Methods: Forty submerged mandibular third molars were used, which were extracted and decalcified so that the microtomy procedure in the mesio‐distal axial plane could be performed, obtaining semiserial sections with thicknesses of 5 μm. The sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and observed under optical microscopy.Results: All of the morphologic types were found, whereas the proper accessory canals, type‐A canals, were present in 10% of the specimens. The most prevalent canals were the sealed ones (type D), with a prevalence of 87.5%, followed by the blind ones (type B), with a prevalence of 75%. The loop accessory canals (type C), observed in only 5% of the teeth, were the least prevalent ones.Conclusions: Different morphologic types of accessory canals were found in the furcation area of submerged mandibular molars. The histologic method was effective to show the canal trajectories.
Non‐linear co‐ordinated path following control of multiple wheeled robots with bidirectional communication constraints
Authors: Ghabcheloo R. , Pascoal A. , Silvestre C. , Kaminer I. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe paper presents a solution to the problem of steering a group of wheeled robots along given spatial paths, while holding a desired inter‐vehicle formation pattern. This problem arises for example when multiple robots are required to search a given area in cooperation. The solution proposed addresses explicitly the dynamics of the cooperating robots and the constraints imposed by the topology of the inter‐vehicle communications network. Lyapunov‐based techniques and graph theory are brought together to yield a decentralized control structure where the information exchanged among the robots is kept at a minimum. With the set‐up proposed, path following (in space) and inter‐vehicle co‐ordination (in time) are essentially decoupled. Path following for each vehicle amounts to reducing a conveniently defined error variable to zero. Vehicle co‐ordination is achieved by adjusting the speed of each of the vehicles along its path according to information on the positions and speeds of a subset of the other vehicles, as determined by the communications topology adopted. Simulations illustrate the efficacy of the solution proposed. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Safety analysis of autonomous systems by extended fault tree analysis
Authors: Åslund Jan , Biteus Jonas , Frisk Erik , Krysander Mattias , Nielsen Lars 
Published: October 2006

AbstractSafety is of major concern in many autonomous functions in automotive systems and aerospace. In these application areas, it is standard to use fault trees, and a natural question in many modern systems that include sub‐systems like diagnosis, fault‐tolerant control, and autonomous functions is how to include the performance of these algorithms in a fault tree analysis for safety. Many possibilities exist but here a systematic way is proposed. It is shown both how safety can be analysed and how the interplay between algorithm design in terms of missed detection rate and false alarm rate is included in the fault tree analysis. Examples illustrate analysis of diagnosis system requirement specification and algorithm tuning. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cover Picture: Protein Detecting Arrays Based on Cationic Polythiophene–DNA‐Aptamer Complexes (Adv. Mater. 20/2006)
Authors: Béra Abérem M. , Najari A. , Ho H.‐A. , Gravel J.‐F. , Nobert P. , Boudreau D. , Leclerc M. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe cover image depicts biochips based on responsive nanoaggregates made from stoichiometric complexes between a cationic polythiophene and an appropriate DNA aptamer. These structures undergo a conformational transition from an unfolded to a folded (G‐quadruplex) structure in the presence of a specific target protein that results in a significant increase of the fluorescence intensity, as reported on p. 2703 by Leclerc and co‐workers.
Profound thrombocytopenia related to G‐CSF
Authors: Kovacic Jason C. , Macdonald Peter , Freund Judith , Rasko John E.J. , Allan Roger , Fernandes Vivian B. , Ma David , Moore John , Graham Robert M. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractSevere thrombocytopenia in association with G‐CSF therapy is extremely rare. Here we report a case of profound thrombocytopenia in a 57‐year‐old male with refractory cardiac ischemia, who received G‐CSF during an angiogenesis trial. After 5 days of G‐CSF therapy (10 μg/kg/day) the platelet count fell progressively to a nadir of 5 × 109/L. The patient received steroid, immunoglobulin and platelet support and recovered without sequelae. Subsequent investigations suggested an underlying immune‐mediated thrombocytopenia, which we hypothesize was exacerbated by G‐CSF therapy. Am. J. Hematol., 2007. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Adolescent girls and criminal activity: Role of MAOA‐LPR genotype and psychosocial factors
Authors: Sjöberg Rickard L. , Nilsson Kent W. , Wargelius Hanna‐Linn , Leppert Jerzy , Lindström Leif , Oreland Lars 
Published: October 2006

AbstractRecent findings among boys show that interactions between a polymorphism in the monoamine oxidase A gene promoter region (MAOA‐LPR) and psychosocial factors predict criminal activity. The objective of this study was to investigate whether this finding could be extended to adolescent girls. One hundred nineteen female adolescents were recruited among respondents to a cross‐sectional study of the total population of 16‐ and 19‐year old girls. These girls constituted a randomly selected sub‐sample from groups representing different degrees of risk behavior. The subjects filled in a questionnaire and were interviewed and genotyped with regard to MAOA‐LPR. The results indicate that the long, (4‐repeat) allele confer an increased risk for criminal behavior in the presence of psychosocial risk. Among girls without social risk, MAOA‐LPR genotype was of no importance for criminal behavior. The present results suggest that previous observations on adolescent males, which demonstrate that the short MAOA‐LPR genotype and psychosocial adversity interact to predict criminal activity, may not be applicable to females. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Follow‐up mapping supports the evidence for linkage in the candidate region at 9q22 in the NIMH Alzheimer's disease Genetics Initiative cohort
Authors: Perry Rodney T. , Wiener Howard , Harrell Lindy E. , Blacker Deborah , Tanzi Rudolph E. , Bertram Lars , Bassett Susan S. , Go Rodney C.P. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractOther than the APOE peak at 19q13, the 9q22 region was identified in our original genomic scan as the candidate region with the highest multipoint lod score (MLS) in the subset of late onset Alzheimer's Disease (AD) families (MLS = 2.9 at 101 cM) from the NIMH Genetics Initiative sample. We have now genotyped an additional 12 short tandem repeats (STR) in this region. Multipoint analysis shows the region remains significant with an increase in the peak MLS from 2.9 to 3.8 at 95 cM near marker D9S1815, and the 1 LOD interval narrows from 21.5 to 11 cM. HLOD scores also provide evidence for significant linkage (4.5 with an α = 31%) with a further narrowing of the region to 6.6 cM (92.2–98.8 cM). Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the Ubiquilin1 gene (UBQLN1), located at 83.3 cM, have been reported to be significantly associated to AD, accounting for a substantial portion of the original linkage signal [Bertram et al., 2005]. Our analyses of the higher resolution genotype data generated here provide further support for the existence of a least one additional locus on chromosome 9q22. In an effort to pinpoint this putative AD susceptibility gene, we have begun to analyze SNPs in other candidate genes in and around this narrowed region to test for additional associations to AD. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.