bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sozomenos. Historia Ecclesiastica – Kirchengeschichte; griechisch-deutsch. Übersetzt und eingeleitet von Günther Christian HANSEN. Fontes Christiniani, 73/1–4
Authors: Kolovou Foteini 
Published: February 2008

Abstract
In den neun Büchern seiner Kirchengeschichte hat Salamanes Hermeias Sozomenos den religiösen Wandel vom Hellenentum zum Christentum dargestellt. Eine moderne deutsche Übersetzung der Kirchengeschichte des Sozomenos hat Günther Christian Hansen (H.) nach der von ihm bearbeiteten Textausgabe unternommen (Sozomenos, Kirchengeschichte. Hrsg. VON J. BIDEZ/G. C. HANSEN. GCS N.F., 4. Berlin 1960, 2. Aufl. 1995). Das vierbändige Werk enthält: Einleitung (S. 9–84) mit einer Inhaltsübersicht (S. 42–51), Textübersetzung der neun Bücher (S. 86–1103), Bibliographie (S. 1104–1128) und Register (S. 1129–1164).
Alexandra-Kyriaki WASSILIOU/Werner SEIBT, Die byzantinischen Bleisiegel in Österreich. 2. Teil: Zentral- und Provinzialverwaltung. Veröffentlichungen der Kommission für Byzantinistik, 2
Authors: Karagiorgou Olga 
Published: February 2008

Abstract
The publication of the Byzantine lead seals kept in Austrian collections is one of the many projects initiated by the late Prof. Herbert Hunger under the auspices of the Kommission for Byzantinistik of the Austrian Academy of Sciences. The project is anticipated to be completed in three volumes, the first one of which appeared in Vienna in 1977 (henceforward Österreich I) and was dedicated to seals belonging to members of the imperial family and palace officials. The volume under review (henceforward Österreich II) is the second one in the series and presents seals belonging to officials of the central and provincial administration.
Being funny: A selectionist account of humor production
Authors: Dewitte Siegfried , Verguts Tom 
Published: February 2008

Abstract
In this paper, we develop a theory to explain why some people possess a good sense of humor (i.e., are funny) while others do not. In essence, the theory follows the general selectionist (Donahoe and Palmer 1994) scheme of response generation and selection: People who both generate a lot of jokes and are sensitive to negative appraisal will be considered to be humorous by their peers. Data to test this theory are described and analyzed. Most results are in accord with our theory and alternative explanations are ruled out.
Humor as a coping mechanism: Lessons from POWs
Authors: Henman Linda D 
Published: February 2008

Abstract
The repatriated Vietnam prisoners of war are suffering almost no mental illness, and the effective use of humor seems to be one of the reasons for their health. The literature by and about prisoners of war from several recent wars indicates prisoners often found humor to be an effective coping mechanism, a way of fighting back and taking control. By defining humor as an element of communication and by thinking of resilience as a communication phenomenon, the links between humor and resilience become more apparent. This was a qualitative study that consisted of interviewing approximately 50 Vietnam POWs in unstructured interviews and 12 Vietnam POWs in a structured, topical format. Chronicling the subjective accounts of these men and framing them as communication allowed an examination of the results. Knowing that human connection contributed to the survival and resilience of these men implies that resilience is contagious, as humor seems to be. Through the creation of humor in a well-defined system of social support, these fiercely independent men learned to rely on their own power and to draw a sense of mastery from each other.
A Case of Small Bowel Obstruction Due to Intraluminal Metastases from Metastatic Renal Cell Cancer
Authors: Sridhar Srikala S. , Haider Masoom A. , Guindi Maha , Moore Malcolm J. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractA 71-year-old man, with a history of metastatic renal cell cancer (RCC), presented with symptoms of a small bowel obstruction with nausea, vomiting, cramps, and diarrhea. He underwent surgery and was found to have intraluminal metastases from his metastatic RCC. Intraluminal metastases are rare and usually present with obstruction, bleeding, or perforation. The mainstay of treatment remains complete surgical excision, even in the face of widely metastatic disease. Surgery not only palliates symptoms, but may also extend survival because metastatic RCC can be a very indolent and unpredictable disease. Furthermore, these patients can now be treated with a new class of antiangiogenic agents that are showing impressive response rates, which may also translate into improved overall survival.
Early Antiangiogenic Activity of Bevacizumab Evaluated by Computed Tomography Perfusion Scan in Patients with Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Zhu Andrew X. , Holalkere Nagaraj S. , Muzikansky Alona , Horgan Kerry , Sahani Dushyant V. 
Published: February 2008

Abstract

Background.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly vascularized tumor with a poor prognosis. In a phase II study that combined bevacizumab with gemcitabine and oxaliplatin in advanced HCC, we examined computed tomography perfusion (CTp) scan parameters as surrogate markers of angiogenesis after bevacizumab administration.

Methods.
HCC patients received bevacizumab alone i.v. at 10 mg/kg on day 1 during cycle 1. CTp scanning was performed at baseline and days 10–12 to assess changes in tissue blood flow (BF), blood volume (BV), mean transit time (MTT), and permeability surface area product (PS).

Results.
Compared with baseline, a significant decrease in the estimated tumor perfusion parameters including BF, BV, and PS and an increase in MTT were seen on days 10–12 following bevacizumab administration alone. Patients with progressive disease had lower baseline MTT values and a higher percent increase following bevacizumab administration than those with stable disease or partial responses.

Conclusions.
Bevacizumab induced a significant decrease in tumor BF, BV, and PS and an increase in MTT by CTp scan in HCC. Baseline and percent change in MTT following bevacizumab administration correlated with clinical outcome, whereas BF, BV, and PS did not.
Suberoyl Bis-Hydroxamic Acid Activates Notch-1 Signaling and Induces Apoptosis in Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Ning Li , Greenblatt David Yu , Kunnimalaiyaan Muthusamy , Chen Herbert 
Published: February 2008

AbstractMedullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a neuroendocrine (NE) malignancy that frequently metastasizes and has limited treatments. We recently reported that ectopic expression of Notch-1 in human MTC cells suppresses growth. The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of suberoyl bis-hydroxamic acid (SBHA) to modulate Notch-1 signaling in MTC cells. At baseline, no active Notch-1 protein was present in MTC cells. Treatment with SBHA resulted in a dose-dependent induction of the Notch-1 intracellular domain, the active form of the protein. Furthermore, with Notch-1 activation there was a concomitant decrease in achaete-scute complex-like 1 (ASCL-1), a downstream target of Notch-1 signaling, as well as the NE tumor marker chromogranin A (CgA). Transfection of Notch-1 small-interfering RNA into MTC cells blocked the effects of SBHA on Notch-1 activation, ASCL-1, and CgA. Importantly, SBHA treatment resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in cell viability. Treated cells had an increase in protein levels of cleaved caspase-3 and poly ADP-ribose polymerase, and changes in the expression of apoptotic mediators including Bcl-XL and Bad, indicating that the growth inhibition was a result of apoptosis. These results demonstrate that SBHA activates Notch-1 signaling, which is associated with the antiproliferative and apoptotic effects in MTC cells. Therefore, Notch-1 activation with SBHA is an attractive new strategy for the treatment of patients with MTC.
Management of the Solitary Thyroid Nodule
Authors: Yeung Meei J. , Serpell Jonathan W. 
Published: February 2008

Abstract

Learning Objectives
After completing this course, the reader will be able to: Describe the investigations used for a solitary thyroid nodule.Explain the importance of thyroid ultrasound and fine-needle aspiration biopsy results.Discuss how thyroid nodules are managed surgically.
CME Access and take the CME test online and receive 1 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™ at CME.TheOncologist.com
Thyroid nodules are common, with up to 8% of the adult population having palpable nodules. With the use of ultrasound, up to 10 times more nodules are likely to be detected. Increasing numbers of nodules are being detected serendipitously because of the rising use of imaging to investigate unrelated conditions. The primary aim in investigating a thyroid nodule is to exclude the possibility of malignancy, which occurs in about 5% of nodules. This begins with a thorough history, including previous exposure to radiation and any family history of thyroid cancer or other endocrine diseases. Clinical examination of the neck should focus on the thyroid nodule and the gland itself, but also the presence of any cervical lymphadenopathy. Biochemical assessment of the thyroid needs to be followed by thyroid ultrasound, which may demonstrate features that are associated with a higher chance of the nodule being malignant. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy is crucial in the investigation of a thyroid nodule. It provides highly accurate cytologic information about the nodule from which a definitive management plan can be formulated. The challenge remains in the management of nodules that fall under the “indeterminate” category. These may be subject to more surgical intervention than is required because histological examination is the only way in which a malignancy can be excluded. Surgery followed by radioactive iodine ablation is the mainstay of treatment for differentiated thyroid cancers, and the majority of patients can expect high cure rates.
Revival of Mumbai High North – A Case Study
Authors: Mitra N. K. , Dileep P. K. , Kumar Adesh 
Published: February 2008

Abstract
Mumbai High located about 160 km West-North-West of Mumbai City in the Arabian Sea is the largest offshore field in India. The field is being produced through 7 process and 110 well platforms.
On 27th July 2005, an unfortunate accident at one of Mumbai High platforms i.e. BHN platform, resulted in devastating fire. This resulted in complete damage to BHN process platform, damage to nearby process platform NF and moderate damage to the well-cum-process-platform NA & gas-compressor-cum–water injection platform-MNW. The accident was caused by the impact of an approaching Multi support vessel in the hostile monsoon weather.
The accident caused major disruption of offshore production systems of Mumbai High field. Multi disciplinary teams (MDTs) were constituted for planning, executing, coordinating and monitoring the tasks with active support from offshore field personnel and contractors with the objective to restore production, water injection, gas production in shortest possible time.
The offshore management team systematically devised and executed revival plans for restoring Mumbai High North field production of 105,000 b/d with 4 MM m3/d gas. The Revival plans envisaged short term, medium term and long term actions. The short term actions were planned for 2 months, medium term actions for 6 months and long term actions for more than 2 year period.
Based on systematic actions, 85% of Mumbai High North oil and gas production was restored within 30 days. Oil production from nearby NQO process complex and 5 well platforms of BHN was revived under structured plan to bring the field back to normalcy. The total field production could be restored to a level of 235000 vis-à-vis 265000 b/d at pre-accident levels withn 6 months.
The paper describes about the accident and sequential actions for restoration of production which were planned and executed with precision.
When Should We Worry About Supercharging in Formation-Pressure-While-Drilling Measurements?
Authors: Chang Yong , Hammond Paul S. , Pop Julian J. 
Published: February 2008

Summary
A model is described that is capable of simulating in detail the time variation of formation pressures measured while drilling, in situations where supercharging is significant. Simulation results illustrate the variation of supercharging pressures with formation permeability, drilling-fluid-filtration properties, and drilling-fluid hydraulics. The model is used to explore how drilling operations influence the levels of supercharging when drilling two formations, widely separated along the well trajectory, and of significantly different permeabilities. The forward-simulation capability presented is believed to be a useful aid to the planning, understanding, and interpretation of formation-pressure measurements while drilling.
Measurement of Surfactant-Induced Interfacial Interactions at Reservoir Conditions
Authors: Xu Wei , Ayirala Subhash C. , Rao Dandina N. 
Published: February 2008

Summary
The effect of surface-active chemicals on oil/water interfacial tension (IFT) and wettability in crude-oil/brine/rock systems at reservoir conditions is important in enhanced-oil-recovery (EOR) processes. However, most of the experimental studies on IFT and contact angles have been conducted at ambient conditions and using stock-tank crude oils. In this study, live and stock-tank crude oils have been used at reservoir conditions to make IFT and dynamic contact-angle measurements using the drop-shape-analysis (DSA) and dual-drop/dual-crystal (DD/DC) techniques, respectively. Yates reservoir rock and fluids, and two types of surfactants (nonionic and anionic) in varying concentrations have been used at reservoir conditions of 82°F and 700 psi (27.8°C and 4.8 MPa).
The dynamic oil/water IFT was found to be a strong function of oil composition and of temperature, and it showed a slight dependence on pressure. An attempt has been made to explain the dynamic behavior of IFT using a four-stage mechanistic model involving induction, diffusion, kinetic-barrier, and equilibrium stages. The significant difference observed between the advancing contact angles of live oil (55°) and stock-tank oil (154°) clearly indicates the need to use live oils at reservoir conditions to determine in-situ reservoir wettability. Anionic surfactant altered the weakly water-wet behavior of live oil to strongly oil-wet (165°). It was also able to alter the strong oil-wet behavior of stock-tank oil to less oil-wet (&lt;135°). The nonionic surfactant was able to alter the water-wet live oil system to intermediate-wet (82°), while it did not affect the strongly oil-wet behavior of stock tank oil system.
The oil-wet behavior observed for live oil with surfactants indicates the capability of these surfactants to develop continuous oil-wet paths for potential mixed-wettability development. Thus, this study is of practical significance in cases where the surfactant-induced wettability alterations to either intermediate-wet or mixed-wet can result in improved oil recovery through the lowering of both capillary and adhesion forces.
Prediction of Temperature Propagation Along a Horizontal Well During Injection Period
Authors: Gao Guohua , Jalali Younes 
Published: February 2008

Summary
This paper presents a mathematical model describing the variation of temperature along the length of a horizontal well during the process of water injection. The model is obtained from a theoretical treatment accounting for both mass transfer and heat transfer between a horizontal well and a reservoir. The treatment is 1D linear in the wellbore and 1D radial in the reservoir. A numerical algorithm for reservoir temperature calculation is proposed and an analytical solution is derived on the basis of some realistic assumptions. The analytical solution can be used to generate the temperature profile in a horizontal injection well for any assumed distribution of injection profile along the length of the well, including injection profile that is uniform, skewed toward the heel or the toe, or exhibits some discontinuity (e.g., leakoff into a high permeability streak or fracture). This paper also presents comparison of temperature profiles obtained with the analytical solution given in this paper and those obtained with a numerical reservoir simulator with temperature option (ECLIPSE), which shows that the analytical solution yields reasonable temperature propagation profiles along the wellbore. The effects of injection rate and the injection profile are analyzed, and a quick in-situ injection pattern-recognition method is proposed. Finally, examples are given to show the practical application of the theoretical model.
High-Mobility-Ratio Waterflood Performance Prediction: Challenges and New Insights
Authors: Kumar Mridul , Hoang Viet , Satik Cengiz , Rojas Danny 
Published: February 2008

SummaryThis paper presents the results of a comprehensive study to improve our understanding of high-mobility-ratio waterfloods (HMRWFs) and to improve performance prediction. Published data on heavy-oil water-injection field projects are limited. Several successful HMRWF projects have been reported, and they show significant oil recovery at high water cut. However, the range of reported recovery is large—waterflood (WF) recoveries of approximately 1-or-2% to 20% of original oil in place (OOIP) have been reported for similar reservoirs. Higher viscosities result in lower recovery.Mechanistic studies using fine-scale simulations show that the viscosity (or mobility) ratio primarily controls oil-recovery response, and that the recovery is lower at higher viscosity ratios. Further, viscous fingers dominate high-viscosity-ratio floods, and mobile water can reduce recovery significantly. Field-scale simulation results indicate that heterogeneity plays a more important role for an HMRWF than for conventional waterfloods. The amount of primary production before the start of the waterflood has a larger effect on incremental oil recovery for high-mobilityratio floods. Furthermore, highly correlated thin, thief zones reduce recovery of HMRWFs more severely, and rock wettability (relative permeabilties) strongly influences oil recovery. These results indicate that, in addition to reservoir geology, accurate viscosity and relative permeability measurements are essential for a reliable performance prediction.
Oil Recovery From Fractured Carbonates by Surfactant-Aided Gravity Drainage: Laboratory Experiments and Mechanistic Simulations
Authors: Adibhatla B. , Mohanty K. K. 
Published: February 2008

Summary
Waterflooding recovers little oil from naturally fractured carbonate reservoirs if the matrix is oil-wet and fracture intensity is high. Laboratory experiments and mechanistic simulations have been conducted to understand the injection of dilute anionic surfactant solutions into oil-wet, fractured reservoirs. In this process, surfactant diffuses into the matrix, lowering the interfacial tension (IFT) and contact angle, which decreases the capillary pressure and increases oil relative permeability, enabling gravity to drain up the oil. The rate of oil recovery increases with an increase in matrix permeability, a decrease in initial gas saturation, a decrease of fracture height or spacing, and an increase in the wettability-altering capabilities of the surfactant. Increasing the surfactant concentration does not necessarily enhance the oil recovery rate, because IFT and wettability alterations are not linearly related to surfactant concentration. Adsorption of anionic surfactants on cal-cite can be suppressed with an increase in pH and a decrease in salinity.
Adaptive control for edge alignment in polyester film processing
Authors: Huang Chang‐Chiun , Wu Hsien‐Yi , Tang Tsann‐Tay 
Published: February 2008

AbstractEdge alignment of polyester (PET) films is important for achieving product quality and processing speed in winding, coating, drying, and other processes. The edge alignment can be achieved by lateral deflection control, provided that the film tension and transport speed are even at desired values. This article aims to correct the lateral deflection of films by designing robust controllers to swivel the guiding rollers and to maintain even tension and speed at target levels. The self‐tuning neuro‐proportional integral derivative controller and adaptive high‐gain output feedback controller are adopted to guide the lateral deflection so that the film aligns at the desired position. A control scheme, neuron controller by associative learning, is used for maintaining tension and speed control. These strategies are applied to a simplified PET film processing system. The experimental results demonstrate that in our setup, the control schemes can effectively alleviate not only the lateral deflection but also the tension and speed fluctuation at target levels. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Adv Polym Techn 26:153–162, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/adv.20096
An integrated intelligent system for injection molding process determination
Authors: Zhou Huamin , Zhao Peng , Feng Wei 
Published: February 2008

AbstractBased on the characteristics of the injection molding process, an integrated intelligent model employing case‐based reasoning (CBR) and fuzzy inference has been constructed, considering the molding personnel's thought during the trial runs and the advantages of CBR and fuzzy inference. The ideology of CBR is adopted for the initial process parameters setting, which simulates the molding personnel's behavior that they often recall a previous case and set the initial process parameters of the current one by referring to that old case. The case design and matching have been described in detail, and four case adaptation strategies have been discussed. The ideology of fuzzy inference based on expert knowledge and practical experience reflects the test moldings for defects correction and process parameters optimization. Therefore, a fuzzy inference model was built for the correction and optimization process. Its key implementation techniques, such as fuzzification and defuzzification strategies, fuzzy rules definition, membership functions, etc, have been discussed. Finally, a corresponding intelligent system has been developed that is integrated with the injection machine by communicating with the controller. The system can be used to determine the initial process parameters and optimize them online. An experimental study has been carried out for verification. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Adv Polym Techn 26:191–205, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/adv.20097
Hydrophobic and oleophobic coatings based on perfluoropolyether/silica hybrids by the sol‐gel method
Authors: Fabbri Paola , Messori Massimo , Pilati Francesco , Taurino Rosa , Tonelli Claudio , Toselli Maurizio 
Published: February 2008

AbstractGlass substrates were spin‐coated with a perfluoropolyether oligomer based organic‐inorganic hybrid material, and prepared by the sol‐gel process. Contact angle analysis and atomic force microscopic analysis were carried out to characterize the surface of the prepared coatings. All systems exhibited strong hydrophobic and oleopophobic characteristics. The wettability behavior was found to be almost independent of both molecular weight and functionality of the fluorinated oligomer. The low values obtained for the contact angle and surface tension indicate that surface segregation of perfluoropolyether segments is likely to take place within the network. On the basis of these results and the high quality of the obtained coatings, these materials could be used as functional coatings to impart water and oleo‐repellent characteristics to glasses and other similar substrates. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Adv Polym Techn 26:182–190, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/adv.20098