bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A study on the significance of serine hydroxymethyl transferase expression and its role in bladder cancer
Authors: Su Si-Wei , Chen Xian , Wang Guang , Li Pei , Yang Tong-Xin , Fang Ke-Wei , Wu Jing , Li Jiong-Ming 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBladder cancer (BLCA) is a common malignant tumor in urinary system all over the world. However, due to its high recurrence rate and complex causes, clinicians often have limited options for surgical and drug treatments. Recent researchs on the molecular mechanism of BLCA have reveals its biological progress and potential for early diagnosis. Serine hydroxymethyltransferase 1/2 (SHMT1/2) is a crucial enzyme in the one-carbon metabolism of tumor cells, and the expression levels of these isozymes have been found to be associated with the biological progression of various malignant tumors. However, the impact of SHMT1/2 on the biological progression of bladder cancer and its molecular regulation mechanism remain unclear. In this research utilizes BLCA clinical sample data, the TCGA database, and in vitro cell experiments to predict the expression levels of SHMT1/2 in BLCA. The findings indicate that SHMT1 remained unchanged, while SHMT2 expression is increased in BLCA, which was related to poor prognosis. Additionally, SHMT2 affects the growth, migration, and apoptosis of bladder cancer cells in vitro. It also influences the expression levels of E-cadherin and N-cadherin, ultimately impacting the malignant biological progression of bladder tumors. These results establish a correlation between SHMT2 and the malignant biological progression of BLCA, providing a theoretical basis for the early diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer.
Commonality and variance of resting-state networks in common marmoset brains
Authors: Muta Kanako , Haga Yawara , Hata Junichi , Kaneko Takaaki , Hagiya Kei , Komaki Yuji , Seki Fumiko , Yoshimaru Daisuke , Nakae Ken , Woodward Alexander , Gong Rui , Kishi Noriyuki , Okano Hideyuki 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAnimal models of brain function are critical for the study of human diseases and development of effective interventions. Resting-state network (RSN) analysis is a powerful tool for evaluating brain function and performing comparisons across animal species. Several studies have reported RSNs in the common marmoset (Callithrixjacchus; marmoset), a non-human primate. However, it is necessary to identify RSNs and evaluate commonality and inter-individual variance through analyses using a larger amount of data. In this study, we present marmoset RSNs detected using > 100,000 time-course image volumes of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data with careful preprocessing. In addition, we extracted brain regions involved in the composition of these RSNs to understand the differences between humans and marmosets. We detected 16 RSNs in major marmosets, three of which were novel networks that have not been previously reported in marmosets. Since these RSNs possess the potential for use in the functional evaluation of neurodegenerative diseases, the data in this study will significantly contribute to the understanding of the functional effects of neurodegenerative diseases.
Predicting the complexity and mortality of polytrauma patients with machine learning models
Authors: Yu Meiqi , Wang Shen , He Kai , Teng Fei , Deng Jin , Guo Shuhang , Yin Xiaofeng , Lu Qingguo , Gu Wanjun 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe aim to develop machine learning (ML) models for predicting the complexity and mortality of polytrauma patients using clinical features, including physician diagnoses and physiological data. We conducted a retrospective analysis of a cohort comprising 756 polytrauma patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) at Pizhou People’s Hospital Trauma Center, Jiangsu, China between 2020 and 2022. Clinical parameters encompassed demographics, vital signs, laboratory values, clinical scores and physician diagnoses. The two primary outcomes considered were mortality and complexity. We developed ML models to predict polytrauma mortality or complexity using four ML algorithms, including Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost). We assessed the models’ performance and compared the optimal ML model against three existing trauma evaluation scores, including Injury Severity Score (ISS), Trauma Index (TI) and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS). In addition, we identified several important clinical predictors that made contributions to the prognostic models. The XGBoost-based polytrauma mortality prediction model demonstrated a predictive ability with an accuracy of 90% and an F-score of 88%, outperforming SVM, RF and ANN models. In comparison to conventional scoring systems, the XGBoost model had substantial improvements in predicting the mortality of polytrauma patients. External validation yielded strong stability and generalization with an accuracy of up to 91% and an AUC of 82%. To predict polytrauma complexity, the XGBoost model maintained its performance over other models and scoring systems with good calibration and discrimination abilities. Feature importance analysis highlighted several clinical predictors of polytrauma complexity and mortality, such as Intracranial hematoma (ICH). Leveraging ML algorithms in polytrauma care can enhance the prognostic estimation of polytrauma patients. This approach may have potential value in the management of polytrauma patients.
Glycolysis is reduced in dengue virus 2 infected liver cells
Authors: Chumchanchira Chanida , Ramphan Suwipa , Sornjai Wannapa , Roytrakul Sittiruk , Lithanatudom Pathrapol , Smith Duncan R. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractInfections with dengue virus (DENV) remain a worldwide public health problem. A number of bona fide cellular targets of DENV have been identified including liver cells. Despite the many lines of evidence confirming the involvement of hepatocytes during DENV infection, only a few studies have used proteomic analysis to understand the modulation of the cellular proteome occurring upon DENV infection. We utilized a 2D-gel electrophoresis analysis to identify proteins that were differentially regulated by DENV 2 infection of liver (Hep3B) cells at 12 h post infection (hpi) and at 48 hpi. The analysis identifies 4 proteins differentially expressed at 12 hpi, and 14 differentially regulated at 48 hpi. One candidate protein identified as downregulated at 48 hpi in the proteomic analysis (GAPDH) was validated in western blotting in Hep3B cells, and subsequently in induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) derived human hepatocytes. The reduced expression of GAPDH was coupled with an increase in NADH, and a significantly reduced NAD + /NADH ratio, strongly suggesting that glycolysis is down regulated in response to DENV 2 infection. Metformin, a well characterized drug used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus, is an inhibitor of hepatic gluconeogenesis was shown to reduce the level of DENV 2 infection and new virus production. Collectively these results show that although glycolysis is reduced, glucose is still required, possibly for use by the pentose phosphate pathway to generate nucleosides required for viral replication.
Influence of salinity, nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations on the physiological and biochemical characteristics of two Chlorophyceae isolated from Fez freshwater, Morocco
Authors: Assobhi Bouchra , Ennasry Houda , Latique Salma , Kara Mohammed , Alaoui Mhamdi Mohammed , Bahhou Jamila 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMicroalgae are widely exploited for numerous biotechnology applications, including biofuels. In this context, Chlamydomonas debaryana and Chlorococcum sp. were isolated from Fez freshwater (Morocco), and their growth and lipid and carbohydrate production were assessed at different concentrations of NaCl, NaNO3, and K2HPO4. The results indicate a small positive variation in growth parameters linked to nutrient enrichment, with no considerable variation in carbohydrate and lipid levels in both algae. Moreover, a negative variation was recorded at increased salinity and nutrient limitation, accompanied by lipid and carbohydrate accumulation. Chlorococcum sp. showed better adaptation to salt stress below 200 mM NaCl. Furthermore, its growth and biomass productivity were strongly reduced by nitrogen depletion, and its lipid production reached 47.64% DW at 3.52 mM NaNO3. As for Chlamydomonas debaryana, a substantial reduction in growth was induced by nutrient depletion, a maximal carbohydrate level was produced at less than 8.82 mM NaNO3 (40.59% DW). The effect of phosphorus was less significant. However, a concentration of 0.115 mM K2HPO4 increased lipid and carbohydrate content without compromising biomass productivity. The results suggest that growing the two Chlorophyceae under these conditions seems interesting for biofuel production, but the loss of biomass requires a more efficient strategy to maximize lipid and carbohydrate accumulation without loss of productivity.
A new index for the outcome of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
Authors: Chan Liu , Danyi Yang , Chen Chao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractFocal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a common pathological form of nephrotic syndrome. This study analyzed the value of pathological lesions and clinical prognosis of different segmental glomerulosclerosis ratios in FSGS. Two hundred and six FSGS patients were collected from Dec 2013 to Apr 2016. The patients were divided into two groups according to the proportion of glomerular segmental sclerosis: F1 (SSR ≤ 15%, n = 133) and F2 (SSR > 15%, n = 73). The clinical and pathological data were recorded and analyzed, and statistical differences were observed between the serum uric acid level and the percentage of chronic renal failure. The pathological results showed significant differences in interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy (IFTA), degree of mesangial hyperplasia, vascular lesions, synaptopodin intensity, and foot process effacement between the two groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed significant differences in creatinine (OR: 1.008) and F2 group (OR: 1.19). In all patients, the prognoses of urine protein and serum creatinine levels were statistically different. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that F2 (hazard ratio: 2.306, 95% CI 1.022–5.207) was associated with a risk of ESRD (end stage renal disease). The proportion of segmental glomerulosclerosis provides a guiding value in the pathological diagnosis and clinical prognosis of FSGS.
Oral versus intravenous antibiotic treatment of moderate-to-severe community-acquired pneumonia: a propensity score matched study
Authors: Kaal Anna G. , Roos Rick , de Jong Pieter , Pepping Rianne M. C. , van den Berg Johanna M. W. , van Aken Maarten O. , Steyerberg Ewout W. , Numans Mattijs E. , van Nieuwkoop Cees 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCommunity-acquired Pneumonia (CAP) guidelines generally recommend to admit patients with moderate-to-severe CAP and start treatment with intravenous antibiotics. This study aims to explore the clinical outcomes of oral antibiotics in patients with moderate-to-severe CAP. We performed a nested cohort study of an observational study including all adult patients presenting to the emergency department of the Haga Teaching Hospital, the Netherlands, between April 2019 and May 2020, who had a blood culture drawn. We conducted propensity score matching with logistic and linear regression analysis to compare patients with moderate-to-severe CAP (Pneumonia Severity Index class III–V) treated with oral antibiotics to patients treated with intravenous antibiotics. Outcomes were 30-day mortality, intensive care unit admission, readmission, length of stay (LOS) and length of antibiotic treatment. Of the original 314 patients, 71 orally treated patients were matched with 102 intravenously treated patients. The mean age was 73 years and 58% were male. We found no significant differences in outcomes between the oral and intravenous group, except for an increased LOS of + 2.6 days (95% confidence interval 1.2–4.0, p value < 0.001) in those treated intravenously. We conclude that oral antibiotics might be a safe and effective treatment for moderate-to-severe CAP for selected patients based on the clinical judgement of the attending physician.
Design, optimization, and comparative analysis of wide-band polarization conversion along with dual coding sequences for RCS reduction
Authors: Ahmad Ashfaq , Choi Dong-You 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this paper, a wideband polarization conversion metasurface is designed. Additionally, coding and chessboard metasurfaces are specifically tailored for radar cross-section reduction (RCS). Initially, a compact unit cell demonstrating exceptional polarization conversion performance is introduced, achieving a polarization conversion ratio (PCR) exceeding 90$$\%$$
%
across frequencies ranging from 7.9 to 22.7 GHz. The PCR remains effective even when oblique incidence angles of up to 30$$^\circ$$

∘

are utilized across this frequency band. Roger RT5880, with a thickness of 0.254 mm, serves as the substrate. An airgap is introduced between the substrate and the ground plane to enhance the polarization conversion bandwidth. This unit cell serves as the fundamental building block for subsequent metasurface configurations. To assess the scalability and effectiveness, a 36 $$\times$$
×
36 unit array is assembled, confirming efficient polarization conversion capabilities extending to larger structures. Moreover, a 1-bit coding unit “0” and “1” are formed by the Pancharatnam-Berry phase based on the same-sized meta-atom with 90$$^\circ$$

∘

orientations. The robustness and practicality of the design are demonstrated by creating 12 $$\times$$
×
12 lattices and evaluating their RCS reduction potential under two distinct scenarios: a chessboard pattern and a coding-based scheme. Notably, its results indicate substantial RCS reduction across a broad frequency spectrum (7.9 to 22.7 GHz) for both configurations. This study demonstrates the wide-ranging applicability of metasurface design, making it a valuable contribution to the fields of microwave engineering, polarization control, and radar stealth technology. Owing to its simplicity, bandwidth, and versatility, this approach offers innovative solutions for diverse real-world applications.
Evaluating the effectiveness of sulfidated nano zerovalent iron and sludge co-application for reducing metal mobility in contaminated soil
Authors: Ojo Omolola , Vaňková Zuzana , Beesley Luke , Wickramasinghe Niluka , Komárek Michael 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSewage sludge has long been applied to soils as a fertilizer yet may be enriched with leachable metal(loid)s and other pollutants. Sulfidated nanoscale zerovalent iron (S-nZVI) has proven effective at metal sorption; however, risks associated with the use of engineered nanoparticles cannot be neglected. This study investigated the effects of the co-application of composted sewage sludge with S-nZVI for the stabilization of Cd, Pb, Fe, Zn. Five treatments (control, Fe grit, composted sludge, S-nZVI, composted sludge and S-nZVI), two leaching fluids; synthetic precipitation leaching procedure (SPLP) and toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) fluid were used, samples were incubated at different time intervals of 1 week, 1, 3, and 6 months. Fe grit proved most efficient in reducing the concentration of extractable metals in the batch experiment; the mixture of composted sludge and S-nZVI was the most effective in reducing the leachability of metals in the column systems, while S-nZVI was the most efficient for reducing about 80% of Zn concentration in soil solution. Thus, the combination of two amendments, S-nZVI incorporated with composted sewage sludge and Fe grit proved most effective at reducing metal leaching and possibly lowering the associated risks. Future work should investigate the longer-term efficiency of this combination.
Image super‐resolution via dynamic network
Authors: Tian Chunwei , Zhang Xuanyu , Zhang Qi , Yang Mingming , Ju Zhaojie 
Published: April 2024

AbstractConvolutional neural networks depend on deep network architectures to extract accurate information for image super‐resolution. However, obtained information of these convolutional neural networks cannot completely express predicted high‐quality images for complex scenes. A dynamic network for image super‐resolution (DSRNet) is presented, which contains a residual enhancement block, wide enhancement block, feature refinement block and construction block. The residual enhancement block is composed of a residual enhanced architecture to facilitate hierarchical features for image super‐resolution. To enhance robustness of obtained super‐resolution model for complex scenes, a wide enhancement block achieves a dynamic architecture to learn more robust information to enhance applicability of an obtained super‐resolution model for varying scenes. To prevent interference of components in a wide enhancement block, a refinement block utilises a stacked architecture to accurately learn obtained features. Also, a residual learning operation is embedded in the refinement block to prevent long‐term dependency problem. Finally, a construction block is responsible for reconstructing high‐quality images. Designed heterogeneous architecture can not only facilitate richer structural information, but also be lightweight, which is suitable for mobile digital devices. Experimental results show that our method is more competitive in terms of performance, recovering time of image super‐resolution and complexity. The code of DSRNet can be obtained at https://github.com/hellloxiaotian/DSRNet.
Mitochondriopathie
Authors: Feldhaus Simon 
Published: April 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Mitochondrienmedizin zeigt als eine junge und sehr beachtenswerte Medizinrichtung Wege auf, um die Zukunft des therapeutischen Handelns in vielfacher Hinsicht zu bereichern und zu verbessern. Mitochondriale Funktionsstörungen sollten als erhebliches Problem für die Entstehung und den Verlauf einer Reihe chronischer gesundheitlicher Störungen angesehen werden: postinfektiöse oder idiopathische Fatigue-Syndrome (chronisches Fatigue-Syndrom, Fibromyalgie-Syndrom, Multiple Chemical Sensitivity, Tumorfatigue etc.). Durch moderne integrative Diagnostik und daraus abgeleiteter Therapie ergeben sich neue Behandlungsoptionen für bisher schwer behandelbare Krankheiten und somit bessere Aussichten für betroffene Patienten. Dieser wissenschaftliche Artikel bietet eine umfassende Analyse der Mitochondriopathie, einschließlich ihrer Ursachen, Pathophysiologie und der diagnostischen Ansätze.
Association Between Triglyceride Glucose Index with Cognitive
Impairment and Dementia in Adult Population: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Han Yuqing , Meng Xu , Wang Dahui 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe current understanding of the correlation between insulin resistance (IR) and
cognitive dysfunction is limited. Therefore, the objective of this systematic
review and meta-analysis was to assess the association between the triglyceride
glucose (TyG) index, a recently suggested indicator of IR, and cognitive
impairment and dementia in the adult population. Observational studies pertinent
to our research were identified through comprehensive searches of the PubMed,
Embase, and Web of Science databases. To account for potential heterogeneity,
the random-effects models were employed to aggregate the findings. This
meta-analysis included ten observational studies involving 5602409 participants.
Compared to those with the low TyG index, subjects with the high TyG index were
significantly associated with the risk of cognitive impairment [risk ratio (RR):
1.39, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.22 to 1.59, p<0.001; I2=45%) and
dementia (RR: 1.30, 95% CI: 1.06 to 1.60, p=0.01; I2=50%). The association was
consistent for Alzheimer’s disease (RR: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.04 to 1.76, p=0.03;
I2=54%) and vascular dementia (RR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.13 to 1.24, p<0.001;
I2=0%). Subgroup analyses showed that the association between TyG index with
cognitive impairment and dementia were stronger in cross-sectional studies than
that in cohort studies (p for subgroup difference=0.02), but not significantly
modified by age, sex, or diabetic status of the participants. In conclusion, a
high TyG index may be associated with higher risk of cognitive impartment and
dementia in adult population.
New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation Is a Red Flag to Microvascular Free Tissue Transfer Failure in Head and Neck Cancer Patients
Authors: Tsai Chia-Hsuan , Chen Yu-Jen , Lin Yu-Chih , Liu Yao-Chang , Kao Huang-Kai , Mao Shih-Hsuan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background Postoperative new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF) has been shown to be associated with increased surgical morbidity and mortality following cancer ablation surgery. However, evidence of new-onset AF's impact on surgical outcomes in head and neck cancer patients undergoing tumor ablation and microvascular free tissue transfer remains scarce. This study aims to evaluate the association between AF and surgical outcomes in these patients.
Methods We enrolled head and neck cancer patients who underwent tumor ablation reconstructed with microvascular free tissue transfer from the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD). Patients were grouped into the following: (1) without AF, (2) new-onset AF, and (3) preexisting AF. The groups were matched by propensity score based on age, gender, cancer stage, and comorbidities. The primary outcome was postoperative complications, whereas all-cause mortality was the secondary outcome.
Results In total, 26,817 patients were included in this study. After matching, we identified 2,176 (79.24%) patients without AF, 285 (10.37%) with preexisting AF, and 285 (10.37%) with new-onset AF. Our results demonstrated that the free flap failure rate was twofold escalated in patients with new-onset AF (9.8%) compared to those without AF (5.4%) or preexisting AF (5.3%; p = 0.01). However, we did not identify significant differences among other postoperative complications across groups. Additionally, we found that the risk of all-cause mortality was significantly elevated in patients with preexisting AF (p < 0.001) compared to those without AF or new-onset AF.
Conclusion Our study demonstrated that new-onset AF is associated with an increased risk of flap failure and could serve as a predictor. On the other hand, all-cause mortality in patients with preexisting AF was significantly elevated. Close postoperative monitoring in patients with new-onset and preexisting AF is crucial to identify any potential adverse effects.