bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immuno‐qPCR detection of the tandem affinity purification (TAP)‐tag as a sensitive and accurate tool suitable for large‐scale protein quantification
Authors: Lind Kristina , Norbeck Joakim 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe tandem affinity purification (TAP)‐tag has rapidly gained a wide popularity, mostly in studies on protein interactions, but lately also in large‐scale protein quantification studies. We have developed an immuno‐quantitative real‐time PCR (qPCR) method to achieve rapid, sensitive and accurate quantification of TAP‐tagged (and protein A‐tagged) proteins in yeast with a detection range between 107 and 1010 molecules. The immuno‐qPCR protein quantification showed an excellent correlation to the published in vivo fluorescent protein (GFP)‐based large‐scale protein quantifications, but allowed for a much higher sensitivity. The correlation with published data from the large‐scale Western blotting‐based quantification of the TAP‐tag was lower, but the sensitivity of detection was on roughly the same level. The practical use of the immuno‐qPCR approach was demonstrated by analysis of osmo‐regulated proteins, where the 2000‐fold increase in expression of Catalase (Ctt1p), from an extremely low basal expression, could be accurately quantified. All steps of the method, from cell growth, to protein extraction and determination and the immuno‐qPCR reaction itself are potentially amenable to automatization. Therefore, since the TAP‐tag and protein A are useful in most model organisms, the immuno‐qPCR method is both generic and suitable for large‐scale studies.
Tunnel coupling in asymmetric semimagnetic double quantum wells
Authors: Zaitsev S. V. , Welsch M. K. , Forchel A. , Bacher G. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe influence of the tunnel coupling on the steady‐state photoluminescence has been studied in Cd(Mg,Mn)Te‐based asymmetric double quantum wells (ADQWs) in a magnetic field up to B = 8 T. As grown structures were annealed to introduce Mn and Mg atoms from the opposite barriers inside pure CdTe quantum wells, resulting in a formation of the magnetic (MW) and nonmagnetic (NMW) wells, respectively. Radiative recombination in the ADQW with a wide barrier (9 nm) shows two bands, corresponding to excitons, localized in two decoupled QWs with a markedly different spin splitting: small splitting in the NMW due to the positive exciton Landé band g ‐factor and large splitting in the MW due to the giant Zeeman effect. Contrary, in the ADQW with a narrow barrier (3 nm) an unusual exciton splitting is observed with a negative value of the exciton g ‐factor and a strong circular polarization of the exciton bands. Simultaneously, a complete reduction of the MW emission is found, indicating strong interwell exciton relaxation. Calculations show that it is a strong electron coupling between the wells which is responsible for the observed behaviour. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Structure and gas transmission characteristics of microperforations in plastic films
Authors: Allan‐Wojtas P. , Forney C. F. , Moyls L. , Moreau D. L. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractBright field transmitted light microscopy (BFTLM), differential interference contrast light microscopy (DICLM), conventional scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and low‐vacuum scanning electron microscopy (LV‐SEM) were used to observe microperforations in plastic film used for modified atmosphere packaging. Characteristics of the microperforations, including size, shape and obstructions are indicators of consistency and reproducibility of the process used to produce the microperforations. In addition, the microperforations appeared differently on the upper and lower surfaces of the plastic films, including a local thickening at the site of the microperforation and size of the opening. Microperforations in the range of 30 to 100 µm in diameter exhibited a linear increase of both O2 and CO2 transmission rates with hole area, for diffusion under calm conditions. Further testing indicated that microperforations larger than 55 µm in diameter can lose their diffusion constant if convection is present. Holes with a diameter less than 55 µm should therefore be used to achieve the required oxygen transmission rates (OTR). Copyright © 2007 Crown in the right of Canada. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Liquid chromatography/multi‐stage mass spectrometry of bisphenol A and its halogenated derivatives
Authors: Gallart‐Ayala Héctor , Moyano Encarnación , Galceran Maria T. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe report a liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) method for analyzing bisphenol A (BPA) and its halogenated derivatives. Since only tetrachlorobisphenol A and tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) are commercially available, mono‐, di‐ and trichlorobisphenol A were synthesized and purified in order to be used as analytical standards. This family of compounds was studied using electrospray ionization and an ion trap mass analyzer in order to characterize the new compounds and to propose fragmentation pathways. Multi‐stage mass spectrometry was used to confirm the genealogical relationship between the ions. Some product ions were traced from MS/MS to MS4 and the labelled compounds BPA‐d16 and TBBPA‐13C12 were used to assign some product ion structures. In general, the deprotonated molecule [MH]− loses a methyl and/or a halogen group during both MS/MS and MS3, while the neutral loss of CO was also observed in MS3 spectra. We selected the most intense and characteristic MS/MS transitions for LC/MS/MS analysis. LC separation was performed in a reversed‐phase column; methanol/water (no additives) was used as the mobile phase in gradient elution mode; and BPA‐d16 was chosen as the internal standard. Solid‐phase extraction (SPE) was used to pre‐concentrate and to clean up water samples. The SPE LC/MS/MS method allows BPA and its halogenated derivatives to be detected at a few parts‐per‐billion (ppb) in surface water. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Determination of the effect of humidity and relative speed on the coefficient of friction using response surface methodology
Authors: Abdo Jamil , Al‐Rawahi Nabeel 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIn order to clarify the influence of duration of rubbing, humidity, and relative speed and their cross influence on friction coefficient (CoF) an analytical model is developed based on experimental results to obtain friction function using response surface methodology (RSM). The CoF with the variation of the factor levels is investigated experimentally on a micro‐tribometer machine. The surface conditions of the mild steel disc base plate were ‘as‐turned’ and tested at different humidity conditions of 50, 65, and 80%, at relative speed of 0.5, 2.25, and 4 m/s and duration of rubbing of 0.5, 2.5, and 5 min. The humidity was controlled by passing a suitable combination of atmospheric air and water into a closed chamber. A standard RSM design called a central composite design (CCD) that is suited to fit a quadratic surface is utilized to study the CoF in dry contact. It is found that the CoF increased nonlinearly with the duration of rubbing at different levels of humidity and relative speed. The CoF is decreased almost linearly with humidity and relative speed at various levels of duration of rubbing. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Seismic performance of tubular structures with buckling restrained braces
Authors: Kim Jinkoo , Park Junhee , Shin Sung‐Woo , Min Kyung‐Won 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIn this study 36‐ and 72‐story framed and braced tubular structures were designed according to the current design code and their seismic performances were evaluated by nonlinear static and dynamic analysis. According to the analysis results, the tubular structures generally showed high earthquake‐resisting capability. The framed tube structure showed lowest stiffness and strength compared with the other model structures. The braced tube structures showed larger strength but lower overall ductility compared with framed tube structures. When buckling‐restrained braces were used instead of conventional braces, strength increased significantly compared with the framed tube, and ductility was enhanced compared with braced tube structures. As the load–displacement relationship estimated by static pushover analysis formed the lower bound of the dynamic analysis results, the response modification factors obtained based on the static pushover curve may safely be used for seismic design. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analysis of Prognostic Factors Influencing Long‐term Survival After Hepatic Resection for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Arru Marcella , Aldrighetti Luca , Castoldi Renato , Di Palo Saverio , Orsenigo Elena , Stella Marco , Pulitanò Carlo , Gavazzi Francesca , Ferla Gianfranco , Di Carlo Valerio , Staudacher Carlo 
Published: November 2007

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to analyze the prognostic factors associated with long‐term outcome after liver resection for colorectal metastases. The retrospective analysis included 297 liver resections for colorectal metastases.MethodsThe variables considered included disease stage, differentiation grade, site and nodal metastasis of the primary tumor, number and diameter of the lesions, time from primary cancer to metastasis, preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level, adjuvant chemotherapy, type of resection, intraoperative ultrasonography and portal clamping use, blood loss, transfusions, complications, hospitalization, surgical margins status, and a clinical risk score (MSKCC‐CRS).ResultsThe univariate analysis revealed a significant difference (p < 0.05) in overall 5‐year survival rates depending on the differentiation grade, preoperative CEA >5 and >200 ng/ml, diameter of the lesion >5 cm, time from primary tumor to metastases >12 months, MSKCC‐CRS >2. The multivariate analysis showed three independent negative prognostic factors: G3 or G4 grade, CEA >5 ng/ml, and high MSKCC‐CRS.ConclusionsNo single prognostic factor proved to be associated with a sufficiently disappointing outcome to exclude patients from liver resection. However, in the presence of some prognostic factors (G3–G4 differentiation, preoperative CEA >5 ng/ml, high MSKCC‐CRS), enrollment of patients in trials exploring new adjuvant treatments is suggested to improve the outcome after surgery.
Autumn-winter anomalous variations in bottom water and sediment temperatures in Lake Teletskoe
Authors: Duchkov A.D. , Kazantsev S.A. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
We discuss the results of bottom temperature monitoring run in October through December 2005 in the deepwater basin of Lake Teletskoe at a lake depth of 320 m using an autonomous recorder. The obtained temperature patterns of water and sediments to a depth of ~1.4 m show sudden large changes. Bottom water temperature fluctuated between 2.9 and 4 °C, and the sediment geothermal gradient changed from –360 to +170 mK/m for the period of measurements. Water temperature became 0.6 °C warmer through November and suddenly switched to cooling after 5 December, and the drop reached 1.15 °C for the following 22 days. The change in water temperature caused the respective change in sediments, namely, gave rise to a positive geothermal gradient. Estimating the deep component of geothermal gradient (heat flow) with this climate noise requires a longer experiment of more than one year.
Formation of the superdeep South Caspian basin: subsidence driven by phase change in continental crust
Authors: Artyushkov E.V. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
The large hydrocarbon basin of South Caspian is filled with sediments reaching a thickness of 20–25 km. The sediments overlie a 10–18 km thick high-velocity basement which is often interpreted as oceanic crust. This interpretation is, however, inconsistent with rapid major subsidence in Pliocene-Pleistocene time and deposition of 10 km of sediments because the subsidence of crust produced in spreading ridges normally occurs at decreasing rates. Furthermore, filling a basin upon a 10–18 km thick oceanic crust would require twice less sediments. Subsidence as in the South Caspian, of ≥20 km, can be provided by phase change of gabbro to dense eclogite in a 25–30 km thick lower crust. Eclogites which are denser than the mantle and have nearly mantle P velocities but a chemistry of continental crust may occur beneath the Moho in the South Caspian where consolidated crust totals a thickness of 40–50 km. The high subsidence rates in the Pliocene-Pleistocene may be attributed to the effect of active fluids infiltrated from the asthenosphere to catalyze the gabbro-eclogite transition. Subsidence of this kind is typical of large petroleum provinces. According to some interpretations, historic seismicity with 30–70 km focal depths in a 100 km wide zone (beneath the Apsheron-Balkhan sill and north of it) has been associated with the initiation of subduction under the Middle Caspian. The consolidated lithosphere of deep continental sedimentary basins being denser than the asthenosphere, can, in principle, subduct into the latter, while the overlying sediments can be delaminated and folded. Yet, subduction in the South Caspian basin is incompatible with the only 5–10 km shortening of sediments in the Apsheron-Balkhan sill and south of it and with the patterns of earthquake foci that show no alignment like in a Benioff zone and have mostly extension mechanisms.
Seasonal abundance of the parasitoid complex associated with the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) in Hangzhou, China
Authors: Liu Shu-Sheng , Wang Xin-Geng , Guo Shi-Jian , He Jun-Hua , Shi Zu-Hua 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAn investigation of insect parasitoids of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella(Linnaeus), in brassica vegetable crops in the suburbs of Hangzhou was conducted during five periods from 1989 to 1997. Eight species of primary parasitoids were recorded: Trichogramma chilonis Ishii, Cotesia plutellae Kurdjumov, Microplitis sp., Oomyzus sokolowskii Kurdjumov, Diadromus collaris(Gravenhorst), Itoplectis naranyae (Ashmead), Exochus sp. and Brachymeria excarinata Gahan. Seven species of hyperparasitoids were also collected. Rates of parasitism of eggs of P. xylostella were usually very low. However, rates of parasitism of larvae and pupae were substantial and showed two peaks each year, around June–July and September–November respectively. Rates of parasitism during peaks were usually 10–60% and reached over 80% on a few occasions. Cotesia plutellae, O. sokolowskii and D. collaris were the major larval, larval-pupal and pupal parasitoids respectively. In the field, C. plutellae was active throughout the year. Oomyzus sokolowskii was active from May to October, entered a quiescent pupal stage in October–November to overwinter and did not emerge until next April–May. Diadromus collariswas recorded from April to July and October. Rates of parasitism of P. xylostellain radish and mustard fields were usually higher than those in cabbage and Chinese cabbage fields in the same locality. Negative correlations of parasitism rates between C. plutellae and O. sokolowskii indicate a competitive relationship for host larvae between these two larval parasitoids.
Advantageous attributes of larval whitefringed weevil, Naupactus leucoloma (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) for bioassaying soil fumigants, and responses to pure and plant-derived isothiocyanates
Authors: Matthiessen J.N. , Shackleton M.A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractFirst instars of the soil-inhabiting whitefringed weevil, Naupactus leucoloma(Boheman), are a particularly good bioassay model for assessing volatile soil fumigants and biofumigants. Eggs are readily obtained and can be stored for long periods with larvae hatched on demand and the first instar is non-feeding, surviving without food or shelter. Longevity varies with temperature, but readily accommodates the period required to conduct bioassays without appreciable mortality of untreated controls. In vitro bioassays of pure methyl isothiocyanate, the active ingredient from metham sodium soil fumigant, and the less volatile 2-phenylethyl isothiocyanate, sensitively detected differences in toxicity and effects of temperature. Bioassay of volatiles emitted from hydrolysed tissue of various isothiocyanate-producing Brassicaplants revealed widely varying toxicity effects, indicating that bioassays with N. leucoloma are a sensitive and relevant indicator of the potential of different plants for biofumigation of soil-borne pest organisms.
Impact of adult diet on demographic and population parameters of the tropical fruit flyAnastrepha serpentina(Diptera: Tephritidae)
Authors: Jácome I. , Aluja M. , Liedo P. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe effect of artificial and natural sources of adult food on the survival and reproduction of the tropical fruit fly,Anastrephaserpentina(Wiedemann) was studied. Caged adult flies were exposed during their whole lifespan to water and one of the following diets: sucrose, intact fruit, open fruit, bird faeces, sucrose plus intact fruit, sucrose plus open fruit, sucrose plus yeast hydrolysate, and sucrose plus bird faeces. All flies exposed to intact fruit or bird faeces died within the first five days of adult life without laying eggs. Females exposed to open fruit exhibited the greatest mean longevity (56.7 days). The highest net fecundity rate was recorded from individuals exposed to sucrose plus yeast hydrolysate (164 eggs per female), followed by those exposed to bird faeces plus sucrose and open fruit (38 and 26 eggs per female, respectively). Some individuals were able to lay viable eggs late in life (>105 days of age). Only populations in which adult flies had access to either sucrose plus yeast hydrolysate, open fruit, or sucrose plus bird faeces exhibited positive intrinsic rates of increase (r). Flies offered a combination of dry sucrose plus open fruit exhibited greatly reduced net fecundity levels when compared with those individuals exposed to open fruit. Even more significantly, populations of flies offered the combination of open fruit plus sucrose exhibited negative rates of increase while those exposed to open fruit alone, grew. We postulate that this reduction in egg production can be explained by a ‘junk food syndrome’.
Population dynamics of rice leaffolders (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and their natural enemies in irrigated rice in the Philippines
Authors: de Kraker J. , van Huis A. , Heong K.L. , van Lenteren J.C. , Rabbinge R. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPopulations of rice leaffolders and their natural enemies were studied in eight crops of irrigated rice in Laguna Province, the Philippines. The rice leaffolder complex consisted of three species: Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenée), Marasmia patnalis Bradley and M. exigua Butler. Leaffolder population dynamics were characterized by an egg peak at maximum tillering and a broad larval peak around booting stage. Peak densities ranged from 0.2 to 2.0 larvae per hill. Most larvae originated from immigrant moths and there was no substantial second generation. The seasonal percentage egg parasitism by Trichogramma sp. ranged from 0 to 27%, and percentage larval parasitism from 14 to 56%. The braconid Macrocentrus philippinensis Ashmead was the most commonly reared larval parasitoid. Forty natural enemy taxa that may attack rice leaffolders were identified from suction and sweepnet samples: 24 predator taxa and 16 parasitoid taxa. The estimated survival rates from leaffolder egg to larval stages and between larval stages showed large variation between rice crops, but were not clearly correlated with observed levels of parasitism, natural enemy abundance, or natural enemy to leaffolder ratios. It is suggested that the generally low densities of rice leaffolders in Philippine transplanted rice are caused by their ovipositional preference for crops at the maximum tillering stage, allowing for only one generation, and by high immature mortality caused by the abundant and diverse complex of natural enemies.
Influences of hedgerow intersections and gaps on the movement of carabid beetles
Authors: Joyce K.A. , Holland J.M. , Doncaster C.P. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIn the fragmented landscape of arable farmland, hedgerows and other non-crop habitats provide refuges of food and shelter for invertebrates, and corridors through which they can move to other habitats. Their role as corridors is likely to depend on their connectivity, both to each other and to other patches of suitable habitat. The effects of connectivity on the carabid beetleNebria brevicollis(Fabricius) were analysed by observing movement between hedgerow intersections (nodes) and the linear section of the hedgerow, and across gaps in the hedgerow. Capture–mark–recapture ofN. brevicollisrevealed a uniformly higher activity at hedgerow nodes than at mid-section strips of comparable area. This is consistent with previous studies of hedgerow fauna including butterflies, plants and birds. Gaps in the hedgerows typically measured 7–9 m and functioned as a passage between fields for farm machinery. These were readily crossed byN. brevicollisas was the hedge bottom. Some movement along the hedgerow was found indicating their use as a corridor.
Isolated fracture of the manubrium of the malleus
Authors: Chien W , McKenna M J , Rosowski J J , Merchant S N 
Published: November 2007

AbstractObjective:To describe a series of five patients with isolated fracture of the manubrium of the malleus.Design:Retrospective case series.Subjects:Five patients aged 44–64 years with isolated fracture of the manubrium who presented to our institution over a five-year period (2000–2005).Results:All patients presented with a history of digitally manipulating the external auditory canal, leading to the manubrial fracture, which we presume was due to a suction-type mechanism. Otomicroscopy often revealed a break in the smooth contour of the manubrium. All patients had air–bone gaps on audiometry, especially at higher frequencies. Tympanometry showed hypermobility of the tympanic membrane in four patients who were tested. Laser-Doppler vibrometry revealed increased umbo velocity in four out of five patients. Four patients were treated conservatively. One patient underwent exploratory tympanotomy with successful ossiculoplasty.Conclusions:Isolated fracture of the manubrium is a rare condition which may present as sudden-onset hearing loss after digital manipulation of the external auditory canal. The diagnosis can be made on the basis of otomicroscopy, audiometry, tympanometry and laser-Doppler vibrometry. Conservative treatment is often successful.