bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of epidural esketamine on postoperative sleep quality after laparoscopic and robotic lower abdominal surgeries: a study protocol for randomised, double-blind, controlled trial
Authors: Yang Yuecheng , Zhang Yunkui , Zhou Guoxia , Yang Zaixian , Yan Han , Zhang Jun 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionPostoperative sleep disturbances significantly impair postoperative recovery. The administration of intravenous esketamine has been shown to potentially improve postoperative sleep quality. However, the effectiveness of epidural esketamine in improving postoperative sleep quality remains to be elucidated. This study aims to explore the impact of both intraoperative and postoperative use of epidural esketamine on the postoperative sleep quality of patients undergoing minimally invasive lower abdominal surgeries.Methods and analysisThis randomised, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled trial will be conducted at the Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Centre. A total of 128 adults undergoing minimally invasive lower abdominal surgeries will be randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to either the esketamine group or the placebo group. In the esketamine group, epidural esketamine will be administered intraoperatively (0.2 mg/kg) and postoperatively (25 mg). Postoperatively, all patients will receive epidural analgesia. The primary outcome of the study is the incidence of poor sleep quality on the third day after surgery. The sleep quality assessment will be conducted using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and a Numeric Rating Scale of sleep. The main secondary outcomes include postoperative pain and anxiety and depression scores. The postoperative pain, both rest pain and movement pain, will be assessed using a Numerical Rating Scale within 5 days after surgery. Anxiety and depression scores will be evaluated using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale both before and after the surgery. Safety outcomes will include delirium, fidgeting, hallucinations, dizziness and nightmares. The analyses will be performed in accordance with intention-to-treat principleEthics and disseminationEthics approval has been obtained from the Ethics Committee of the Shanghai Cancer Centre (2309281-9). Prior to participation, all patients will provide written informed consent. The results of the trial are intended to be published in a peer-reviewed journal.Trial registration numberChiCTR2300076862.
Sociocultural environmental factors and childhood stunting: qualitative studies – a protocol for the Shared Values theme of the UKRI GCRF Action Against Stunting Hub
Authors: Odii Benita Chinenye , Harder Marie K , Huang Yanyan , Chapman Annabel , Sougou Ndèye Marième , Kolopaking Risatianti , Gavaravarapu SubbaRao , Diallo Amadou H , Anggorowati Rita , Fernandez Rao Sylvia , Heffernan Claire 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionStunting is a significant and growing global problem that is resisting scientific attempts to understand it in terms of direct nutrition-related determinants. In recent years, research included more complex, indirect and multifactorial determinants and expanded to include multisectoral and lifestyle-related approaches. The United Kingdom Research Initiative Global Challenges Research Fund's (UKRI GCRF) Action Against Stunting Hub starts on the premise that dominant factors of stunting may vary between contexts and life phases of the child. Thus, the construction of a typology of clustered factors will be more useful to design effective programmes to alleviate it.The Shared Values theme seeks to build a bottom-up holistic picture of interlinked cultural contextual factors that might contribute to child stunting locally, by first eliciting shared values of the groups closest to the problem and then enquiring about details of their relevant daily activities and practices, to reveal links between the two. We define shared values as what groups consider ‘valuable, worthwhile and meaningful’ to them.Methods and analysisWe will recruit 12–25 local stakeholder groups in each site (in India, Indonesia and Senegal) involved in children’s food and early learning environments, such as mothers, fathers, grandmothers, teachers, market vendors and health workers. The WeValue InSitu process will be used to assist them to collectively elicit, negotiate and self-articulate their own shared values through exploration of shared tacit knowledge. Focus group discussions held immediately subsequently will ask about daily activities relevant to the children’s environment. These contain many examples of cultural contextual factors potentially influencing stunting locally, and intrinsically linked to shared values articulated in the previous session.
Qualitative and quantitative analysis of cresols found in maskwio'mi (birch bark extract)
Authors: Lyczywek Viktor , Kaliaperumal Rajendran , Zuieva Volodymyra , Titcombe Sarah , Bierenstiel Matthias 
Published: February 2024

Maskwio'mi (Mi'kmaw language for “oil made from birch bark”) is a traditional topical skin medicine of the Mi'kmaq people of Atlantic Canada and is produced in a torrefaction process by heating birch bark ( Betula papyrifera, paper birch) inside a metal container in a fire. The resulting viscous, oily mixture is traditionally mixed with goose fat or bear grease to create a topical salve that is subsequently applied to affected skin areas. When birch bark is exposed to high temperatures, pyrolytic chemical processes produce a complex mixture of pharmacologically active compounds, including potentially harmful side products such as ortho-, meta-, and para-cresol. This study discusses the qualitative and quantitative GC-MS analysis of cresols found in maskwio'mi and the challenges of the complex organic matrix. Using caffeine as an internal standard, ortho-, meta-, and para-cresol in birch bark extract were determined to be in the approximate order of 50–1500 ppm range with 3.24 ± 0.09 × 102 ng mg−1 (324 ppm), 8.7 ± 1.0 × 102 ng mg−1 (87 ppm), and 12.4 ± 1.6 × 102 ng mg−1 (1240 ppm), respectively, and thus suitable by Health Canada and FDA cosmetics regulation standards when the extract is co-formulated in creams to concentrations of 0.1–5 wt.% for topical use.
An improved quantum payment protocol based on group signature without entanglement
Authors: Jiang Wenhua , Zhuang Jincheng 
Published: February 2024

With the popularization of E-payment, more and more electronic payment protocols have been proposed. In 2021, Lin et al. proposed a trusted third-party E-Payment protocol based on a set of three-particle local indistinguishable orthogonal product (X-LIOP) states. In this paper, we first point out that there is a security flaw where the merchant can forge the purchase goods information to sell something that the customer does not want to buy in Lin et al. protocol. Besides, the X-LIOP states used by Lin are not orthogonal and can be discriminated by Local Operation and Classical Communication (LOCC). Second, we propose a new electronic payment protocol that combines group signature and the three-particle X-LIOP states. Compared with Lin et al. protocol, customers can purchase goods anonymously in our protocol and the unforgeability of messages and signatures is guaranteed.
The Co-Movement between Emerging Stock Markets Using DCC-GARCH Model: Evidence from GCC and Amman Stock Exchange
Authors: Matar Ali 
Published: February 2024

This study examines the existence of interrelationships among GCC and Jordanian stock markets. The study applied weekly data for stock price indices for the Amman Exchange (ASE) and Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, namely, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman and the United Arab Emirates. In this analysis, weekly market returns were employed to avoid the overlapping of recognized holidays and trading hours in the GCC and the ASE. During the global financial crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic crisis, the sample period spanned from January 7, 2009 to December 30, 2020 for overall (626) weekly observations The main contribution of this study is to shed light on the dynamics of cross-market associations, particularly in the context of emerging economies can be concluded as follows: First, this study is a forefront study that tested the linkages between GCC and Jordanian Markets. Second, the period of this study covered various crises such as the global financial crisis, and COVID-19. Third, the empirical study of multivariate integration, which considers both pairwise interactions and the overall integration of different stock markets by utilizing cutting-edge econometric methods like VECM and DCC-GARCH. As a result, an examination of ASE’s weekly stock price index was conducted. The findings show that there is causality and correlation among stock market indices. Three unidirectional causality relationships running from KUW, OMAI, and UAEI to ASEI. Moreover, the results revealed two bidirectional causality relationships, one between ASEI and BAHI and the other between ASEI and UAEI. The conditional correlations appear to be generally negative, implying that higher ASE volatility causes worse GCC stock returns. Saudi Arabia has the highest conditional connections, followed by Bahrain, Qatar and the United Arab Emirates, while Kuwait and Oman’s stock markets are the least connected with the ASE among their peers. Since financial indices are essential for investors, portfolio managers, risk management and fiscal and monetary policy, the findings of this study may be interest of many parties of them, especially for investors, policymakers and governments.
The Effect of Convective/Advective Precipitation Partitions on the Precipitation Isotopes in the Monsoon Regions of China: A Case Study of Changsha
Authors: Xiao Zhuoyong , Zhang Xinping , Xiao Xiong , Chang Xin , He Xinguang 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Convective/advective precipitation partitions refer to the divisions of precipitation that are either convective or advective in nature, relative to the total precipitation amount. These distinct partitions can have a significant influence on the stable isotope composition of precipitation. This study analyzed and compared the effect of precipitation partitions on δ18O in precipitation (δ18Op) by using daily precipitation stable isotope data from Changsha station and monthly precipitation stable isotope data from the Global Network of Isotopes in Precipitation (GNIP), under different time scales, time intervals (i.e., annual, warm season, and cold season), and precipitation intensities. The results showed that the correlation between the convective precipitation fraction (CPF) and total precipitation amount was influenced by the intensity of convection in different time intervals. On both the daily and monthly scales, the CPF decreased as the precipitation amount increased in the warm season, while it increased with increasing precipitation amount in the cold season. Regardless of the season, daily δ18Op at Changsha station consistently increased with an increase in daily CPF. On a daily scale, the effect of convective activity on δ18Op was stronger than that of the “precipitation amount effect” in the cold season, as compared to the situation in the warm season. As a result, the regression line slope between δ18Op and CPF increased with increasing precipitation intensity in the warm season, meaning that as the CPF increased, the δ18Op increased at a faster rate under higher precipitation intensity. Similarly, the slope increased with increasing precipitation intensity in the cold season. This suggests that precipitation intensity and convection intensity can affect the relationship between δ18Op and CPF. Our findings shed light on how different precipitation partitions affect stable isotope composition of precipitation, thus enhancing our understanding of the variability of precipitation stable isotopes in the monsoon regions of China.

Significance Statement
This study aims to better elucidate the influence of different precipitation partitions on precipitation stable isotopes. In the eastern monsoon region of China, stable isotopes in precipitation showed a robust positive relationship with convective precipitation faction. On a daily scale, the convective activity enhanced the influences of the “precipitation amount effect” on precipitation stable isotopes in the warm season and reduced such influences in the cold season. These results improve our understanding of stable isotopic variability of precipitation in the eastern monsoon region, China.
Comparison of Allergen Immunotherapy Alone and in Conjunction With Turbinate Surgery for Nasal Obstruction in Perennial Allergic Rhinitis Patients
Authors: Chong Amaris Xin Jie , Alvarado Raquel , Rimmer Janet , Campbell Raewyn G. , Kalish Larry , Png Lu Hui , Harvey Richard J. 
Published: February 2024

Background: Nasal obstruction, triggered by allergic rhinitis, often does not resolve with allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) alone, thus inferior turbinate reduction surgery (ITR) may be required. This study aims to investigate the impact of combined treatment on nasal obstruction, as evidence is currently limited. Methodology/Principal: A retrospective cohort study of perennial allergic rhinitis patients experiencing nasal obstruction and undergoing ≥12 months AIT was conducted. Two groups were derived, those undergoing AIT—with or without an ITR. Patient reported nasal obstruction (evaluated with questionnaires) and nasal airway function (Nasal Peak Inspiratory Flow [NPIF] and Nasal Airflow Resistance [NAR]) were monitored. The change from baseline to 12 months post-treatment in each group were compared. Results: A total of 118 patients (33.71 ± 14.43 years, 41.5% female) were recruited, 72% had AIT and 28% AIT&ITR. At baseline, the AIT&ITR group had a higher level of nasal obstruction (>moderate%; 63.6% vs 52.9%, P = .048). Post treatment, AIT&ITR group reported greater reduction in nasal obstruction (>1 category change: 75.8% vs 48.2%, P = .002). Similarly, the AIT&ITR group had greater improvement in nasal function by NPIF (−13.9 ± 110.3 L/minute vs −3.4 ± 78.1 L/minute, P = .049) and NAR (−0.120 ± 0.342 Pa/cm³/second vs −0.093 ± 0.224 Pa/cm³/second, P = .050). Conclusions: Allergic rhinitis patients, with moderate to severe nasal obstruction, who undergo combined AIT&ITR have greater relief of nasal obstruction and improved airflow analysis compared to AIT alone.
The Effect of Death Anxiety on Work Passion: Moderating Roles of Work Centrality and Work Connection
Authors: AL-Dossary Saeed A. , Sousa Cátia , Gonçalves Gabriela 
Published: February 2024

Fear of death is an emotional manifestation of the instinct for self-preservation. Any threat to our existence induces an anxiety response. Death anxiety can trigger obsessive-compulsive behaviours, such as an obsessive passion for work. Using a sample of 314 participants (68.2% female), with a mean age of 38.97 years (SD = 10.36), this study sought to observe the predictive effect of death anxiety on work passion, as well as the moderating effect of work-family centrality and connection on the relationship between anxiety and passion. The results revealed that death anxiety negatively affects harmonious passion, and positively affects obsessive passion. Work centrality did not moderate the influence of death anxiety on harmonious and obsessive passion. Nonetheless, work connection moderated the influence of death anxiety on harmonious passion. The negative influence of death anxiety on harmonious passion was greater in a group with high work connection than a group with low connection.
SUNCT, SUNA and short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks: Debates and an update
Authors: Kang Mi-Kyoung , Cho Soo-Jin 
Published: February 2024

Background Short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks (SUNHA) have the features of both short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform pain, such as trigeminal neuralgia or stabbing headache, and associated trigeminal autonomic symptoms, such as paroxysmal hemicrania or cluster headache. Recognizing and adequately treating SUNHA is essential but current treatment methods are ineffective in treating SUNHA. Methods We reviewed the changes in the concept of short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks and provide a narrative review of the current medical and surgical treatment options, from the first choice of treatment for patients to treatments for selective intractable cases. Results Unlike the initial impression of an intractable primary headache disorder affecting older men, SUNHA affects both sexes throughout their lifespan. One striking feature of SUNHA is that the attacks are triggered by cutaneous or intraoral stimulation. The efficacy of conventional treatments is disappointing and challenging, and preventive therapy is the mainstay of treatment because of highly frequent attacks of a very brief duration. Amongst them, lamotrigine is effective in approximately two-third of the patients with SUNHA, and intravenous lidocaine is essential for the management of acute exacerbation of intractable pain. Topiramate, oxcarbazepine and gabapentin are considered good secondary options for SUNHA, and botulinum toxin can be used in selective cases. Neurovascular compression is commonly observed in SUNHA, and surgical approaches, such as neurovascular compression, have been reported to be effective for intractable cases. Conclusions Recent advances in the understanding of SUNHA have improved the recognition and treatment approaches for this unique condition.
Lifestyle Behavioral Interventions and Health-Related Outcomes Among People with Epilepsy: A Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Sauls Rachel M. , Buro Acadia W. , Kirby Russell S. 
Published: February 2024

Objective To gather and assess current literature on the prevalence and efficacy of lifestyle behavioral interventions (sleep, nutrition, physical activity) for health outcomes, including QOL, psychological well-being, behavioral changes, and seizure frequency, among PWE. Data Source A review was conducted of English-language articles identified from PubMed, Scopus, and Embase between January 2013 to January 2023. Study Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria Inclusion criteria were randomized controlled trials (RCT) with human subjects diagnosed with epilepsy who participated in a lifestyle behavioral intervention. Data Extraction Two researchers independently completed the title, abstract, and full-text reviews. Information extracted includes study population, duration, type of intervention, findings, and outcomes. Data Synthesis Data was narratively synthesized to show level of evidence and degree of consistency in findings. Results: 4001 studies identified, 66 full texts reviewed, and 24 included. A majority (n = 16) of studies utilized diet specific RCTs, and some focused on physical activity (n = 7) and sleep (n = 1). Diet-specific RCTs (eg, ketogenic, Modified Atkins) reported reduced seizure frequency with adverse effects, such as gastrointestinal complications. Physical activity-based interventions found that maintained levels of exercise improved QOL and psychological well-being. However, physical activity and diet-based interventions did not have lasting effects after study conclusion. Only the behavioral sleep intervention reported that sleep quality improved significantly and was maintained post-intervention. Conclusion Future research is needed to establish the relationship between lifestyle behavioral interventions on QOL and other health outcomes (eg, seizure frequency).
Stress and Coping Strategies in Malay Parents of Children with Cleft Lip and/or Palate
Authors: Norsa’adah Bachok , Nurhazalini-Zayani Che Ghazali , Aniza Abd Aziz , Normastura Abd Rahman , Ahmad-Burhanudddin Abdullah 
Published: February 2024

Objective This study was aimed at describing the level of stress and types of coping strategies used among Malay parents of children with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P). Design Cross-sectional study. Setting A dental clinic and a general hospital. Participants Parents (N = 84) whose children were less than 12 years old with CL/P. Methods Socio-demographic data and clinical characteristics of CL/P were collected. Self-administered validated Malay versions of the stress scale from the Depressive, Anxiety and Stress Scale-42 (DASS-42) and COPE Inventory questionnaires were used. Descriptive statistics and Multivariate Analysis of Covariance were used for data analysis. Results The prevalence of stress among parents of children with CL/P was 21.4% [95% confidence interval (12.4, 30.4)]. The most common coping strategies were problem-focused (mean 58.15, standard deviation (SD) 7.75), followed by emotion-focused (mean 54.05, SD 4.78). The adjusted mean score for overall coping strategies was significantly different between stressed and non-stressed parents after adjustment for education, number of children, sex of child with CL/P, and cleft type [F (df) = 4.174 (3,74), P = .009]. There was a significant mean difference between stressed and non-stressed parents for avoidant coping strategies [ P = .003]. Problem-focused and emotion-focused coping strategies did not differ after Bonferroni correction. Conclusions Around a fifth of parents caring for children with CL/P experienced stress and avoidant coping strategies were more common among stressed parents. Multi-disciplinary team care should provide social support to parents of children with CL/P.
Correlation between aggression at the veterinary clinic and problem behaviors at home for cats in the USA
Authors: Gerken Alison , Lee Kyuyoung , Bain Melissa , Kim Sun-A 
Published: February 2024

Objectives The aim of the study was to determine whether cats that exhibit aggression during veterinary visits are more likely to have behavior problems at home. Methods An online, anonymous, cross-sectional survey was developed and distributed to residents in the USA who were aged over 18 years and who were the primary owners of at least one cat. The survey collected information about cat and household factors, and utilized a validated questionnaire instrument for obtaining behavioral information of pet cats. Results Aggression at the veterinary clinic was reported in 42.6% of the cats. The frequency of aggression exhibited at the veterinary clinic was lower in cats that lived in multi-cat households. Most cats did not receive medications intended to reduce fear, anxiety and/or pain before veterinary visits. Aggression at the veterinary clinic was positively associated with behavior problems at home, including stranger-directed aggression, owner-directed aggression, resistance to restraint, familiar cat aggression, dog-directed aggression, house-soiling, separation-related behaviors and scratching claws on inappropriate surfaces indoors. Conclusions and relevance Cats that exhibit aggression at the veterinary clinic are more likely to exhibit aggression and anxiety-related behaviors at home. Veterinarians should screen cats that exhibit aggression at the veterinary clinic for behavior problems at home to institute prompt diagnosis and treatment.