bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adenomatous polyps and atherosclerosis: An autopsy study of Japanese men in Hawaii
Authors: Stemmermann G. N. , Heilbrun L. K. , Nomura A. , Yano K. , Hayashi T. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIt is generally accepted that most colorectal cancers arise from adenomatous polyps and most coronary heart disease is caused by severe atherosclerosis. In order to compare the frequency of these disease precursors in men of Japanese ancestry in Hawaii, the degree of atherosclerosis of the aorta and coronary arteries was estimated by the panel method in 288 male autopsy subjects. The extent of atherosclerosis was then compared in men who did or did not have adenomatous polyps as determined at autopsy. The degree of atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries and aorta was positively and significantly related not only to the presence of adenomatous polyps, but to their size, multiplicity, and degree of atypia as well. This study suggests that shared environmental events could account for the development of severe atherosclerosis and adenomatous polyps. At the same time, it has been observed that Hawaii Japanese men experience colon and rectal cancer rates higher than those of US Whites, but their coronary heart disease (CHD) rates are intermediate between the low rates of Japan and the high rates of the US white population. These differences in disease trends and differences in the serum cholesterol and fat intake of Hawaii Japanese men with CHD and colon cancer have suggested that men with these diseases represent different subsets of the westernized Japanese population. If CHD and colon cancer occur in different subsets of this population, they must stem from the accumulation of other risk factors superimposed upon the initiators of their precursor lesions.
Antibodies to HTLV‐I in Nigerian blood‐donors, their relatives and patients with leukaemias, lymphomas and other diseases
Authors: Fleming A. F. , Maharajah R. , Abraham M. , Kulkarni A. G. , Bhusnurmath S. R. , Okpara R. A. , Williams Eka , Akinsete I. , Schneider J. , Bayer H. , Hunsmann G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAntibodies to HTLV‐I have been detected in sera from 15 (2.0%) of 736 adult blood‐donors in Nigeria, in 4 (20.0%) of 20 patients with chronic lymphatic leukaemia, 3 (10.0%) of 30 with non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma, one of 12 with Burkitt's lymphoma and one of 7 with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. The frequency of positivily was higher (3.6%) in the blood‐donors from the guinea and wooded savanna of northern Nigeria than in those from the rain‐forest and mangrove swamps of southern Nigeria (1.8% in Lagos and 0.7% in Calabar). Two of the 3 seropositive patients with lymphoma had clinical presentation and courses similar to those of Japanese and Caribbean patients with adult T‐cell leukaemia/lymphoma.
Non‐contraceptive oestrogens and the risk of breast cancer in women
Authors: La Vecchia Carlo , Decarli Adriano , Parazzini Fabio , Gentile Antonella , Liberati Cristina , Franceschi Silvia 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe relationship between use of non‐contraceptive oestrogens and risk of breast cancer was investigated using data from a hospital‐based case‐control study from Northern Italy. This study covered 1,108 patients with histologically confirmed breast cancers and 1,281 control subjects with a large spectrum of acute conditions unrelated to any of the known or suspected risk factors for breast cancer. Compared with “never‐users”, the age‐adjusted relative risk for “ever‐users” was 1.93 (95% confidence interval = 1.35–2.75). The risk increased with duration of use (relative risk = 2.08 for over 2 years), but was unrelated to time elapsed since first or last use. Allowance for a large number of identified potential confounding factors, including indicators of socio‐economic status and the major determinants of breast cancer risk, failed to account for the observed association (multivariate relative risk = 1.84 for ever use and 2.04 for > 2 year use). Possible explanations for these findings and for their apparent discrepancy with some American data are discussed in terms of different baseline incidence of breast cancer in the two populations, and hence of potential baseline differences in availability of endogenous serum oestrogens. Nonetheless, the results of this study should be interpreted cautiously and viewed as a further contribution to a topic still open to debate.
Retinoblastoma cell differentiation in culture
Authors: Bogenmann Emil 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHuman retinoblastoma cells were grown in tissue culture and their differentiation into Flexner‐Wintersteiner rosettes was investigated. This process of photoreceptor cell differentiation was only observed in primary cultures and subsequent cell passages of tumors which showed these structures in vivo. Rosettes formed spontaneously within 5–9 d after plating of the tumor cells. Under optimal conditions in certain tumor cell strains, up to 80% of the cultured cell aggregates contained one or more differentiated Flexner‐Wintersteiner rosettes. Exposure of retinoblastoma cells to RA or dcAMP did not alter the number of rosettes in culture. Retinoblastoma cells within rosettes continued to synthesize DNA, and mitotic figures were frequently observed in histological sections. Ultrastructural analysis of rosettes formed in vitro showed many of the characteristics described in those found in vivo including a polarized shape, established cell junctions (Zonula adherens), extensive accumulation of mitochondria and microtubules in the apical part of the cells, numerous basal bodies and centrioles as well as cilia typical of the mature photoreceptor cell. Lamellated stacks of membranes were also found and their nature is discussed.
UICC multidisciplinary project on breast cancer. Management of early and advanced breast cancer
Authors: Hayward J. L. , Rubens R. D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe purpose of the UICC Multidisciplinary Project was to determine strategies that might be adopted for prevention, detection and management of breast cancer and to define areas of general agreement and disagreement so that directions for future research might be defined. One particular aim was to determine what developments had occurred since the previous two meetings (Carter and Rubens, (1981). Canellos et al., (1982). This report summarizes the presentations, discussions and conclusions of the group, as perceived by the Rapporteurs. Although we believe it represents the consensus of the meeting, we alone are responsible for its accuracy.The 21 participants reviewed predictive factors in early and advanced disease, options for treatment of the primary comples and the use of adjuvant therapy, both local and systemic. Particular attention was paid to the value of overview analyses. In the management of advanced disease, the use of systemic endocrine therapy and chemotherapy was also reviewed.
Immunological characterization of a novel human colon‐associated antigen (CAA) by a monoclonal antibody
Authors: Muraro R. , Wunderlich D. , Thor A. , Noguchi P. , Cunningham R. , Schlom J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe have generated a monoclonal antibody (MAb), designated anti‐CAA (colon‐associated antigen), using as immunogen a membrane‐enriched fraction of a biopsy from a moderately‐differentiated human colonic adenocarcinoma. The molecular weight of this reactive antigen was determined by Western blotting to be greater than 200 kDa. When immunohistochemical techniques were used, MAb anti‐CAA reacted with epithelium in the majority of normal, dysplastic and malignant colon specimens tested (greater reactivity was observed in normal colon than in benign or malignant lesions). Cell sorter analyses demonstrated a heterogeneous distribution of CAA on the cell surface of the well‐differentiated LS‐174T cell line. Antigen positive and antigen‐negative cells were separated by means of flow cytometric techniques. These two subpopulations were then inoculated into immunosuppressed rats, resulting in xenograft tumors which differed significantly in their degree of histologic differentiation. Antigen‐positive cells developed into well‐differentiated adenocarcinomas, while antigen‐negative cells developed into poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas. These results, along with immunohistochemical studies, indicate that the antigen detected by MAb anti‐CAA has characteristics of a colon‐associated antigen whose expression correlates with cellular differentiation. Moreover, differences in molecular weight as well as tissue distribution indicate that CAA may be a novel antigen different from those previously described.
Quantitative and qualitative aspects of radiolocalization in colon cancer patients of intravenously administered MAb B72.3
Authors: Esteban J. M. , Colcher D. , Thor A. , Schlom J. , Sugarbaker P. , Reynolds J. C. , Carrasquillo J. A. , Larson S. M. , Bryant G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMonoclonal antibody (MAb) B72.3 has been previously shown, by in vitro assays, to have a high degree of specificity for carcinomas of the colon, ovary and breast versus normal adult tissues. B72.3 IgG was labelled with 131I and injected i.v. into 20 patients with known or suspected colorectal cancer. All patients subsequently underwent surgical exploration, with tumor and selected normal tissues removed for staging purposes. The selective localization of 131I‐MAb B72.3 IgG was demonstrated in biodistribution studies in which the % ID/g of each tumor was compared with that of the normal tissues, thus providing a relative RI for each lesion. Of the tumor lesions, 70% (99/142) had an RI of at least 3 (i.e., 3 times greater uptake per gram than normal tissues), and 31% of the tumor lesions had RIs of over 10. Only 12 of 210 (6%) histologically normal tissues had RIs of > 3; either these tissues were adjacent to or draining tumor masses or, as in the case of 2 patients, the high RI values were apparently due to deposition of immune complexes in the splenic tissues. Several parameters were studied to determine factors that might influence MAb localization. Whereas tumors of all histologic types localized the MAb, 31% of the well‐differentiated mucinous carcinomas displayed tumor‐to‐normal ratios greater than 10, while less than 5% of the lesions of other tumor types demonstrated similar localization. The expression of the antigen (TAG‐72) detected by MAb B72.3 in these tumors, as studied by immunohistochemical techniques using tissue sections, did not always correlate with the outcome of the MAb distribution. No differences in MAb uptake were observed among the carcinoma lesions from numerous anatomic locations, demonstrating the ability of i.v. administered B72.3 to reach all the tumor sites. Furthermore, autoradiographic studies of tumors showed good penetration of the MAb into the medial areas of the tumors, regardless of their size.
Association of BK virus with human brain tumors and tumors of pancreatic islets
Authors: Corallini A. , Pagnani M. , Viadana P. , Silini E. , Barbanti‐Brodano G. , Mottes M. , Milanesi G. , Gerna G. , Vettor R. , Trapella G. , Silvani V. , Gaist G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBK virus (BKV) DNA was detected by Southern blot hybridization in 19 out of 74 (25.6%) human brain tumors and in 4 out of 9 (44.4%) human tumors of pancreatic islets. BKV DNA was free, in an episomal state and generally in a low copy number (0.2 to 2 genome equivalents per cell). Only occasional tumors contained 10 to 20 genome copies per cell. Viral DNA sequences integrated into cellular DNA were not detected. A number of tumors expressed BKV‐specific RNA and T antigen. By transfection of total tumor DNA into human embryonic fibroblasts, viruses with the biological and antigenic properties of BKV were rescued from 6 brain tumors and from 2 tumors of pancreatic islets. Restriction endonuclease mapping of the genomes of the rescued viruses showed that they differ from wild‐type BKV. They are all similar to each other and to BKV‐IR, a virus previously rescued from a human tumor of pancreatic islets, suggesting the possible association of a BKV variant with specific types of human neoplasms. The significance of the relationship of these BKV variants to human tumors and their possible etiologic role in human oncogenesis are discussed.
Risk factors for cutaneous malignant melanoma in a northern italian population
Authors: Cristofolini Mario , Tasin Laura , Zumiani Giuseppe , Franceschi Silvia , Talamini Renato , Piscioli Francesco , La Vecchia Carlo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe relationship between cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) and the colour of skin, hair and eyes, the extent of sun exposure and reaction to it, education, and the occurrence of skin neoplasms in patients and their families was evaluated in a case‐control study of 103 cases of CMM and 205 control subjects hospitalized for acute conditions other than malignant or hormonal disease. A significantly higher risk was associated with fair skin as compared to dark/medium skin (RR = 4.0; 95% CI: 1.5‐10.5) and positive family history for CMM (RR = 8.1; 95% CI: 1.0‐200.9). CMM seemed to occur more frequently, but not significantly so, in individuals with brown or blond hair, higher education and clinically diagnosed dysplastic naevi. Outdoor occupation and heavy sun exposure in the last 20 years seemed to increase the risk of CMM in sunexposed sites but to be negatively associated with CMM in normally unexposed sites.
Non‐hodgkin's lymphoma and farming: An expanded case‐control study
Authors: Pearce Neil E. , Sheppard Raewyn A. , Smith Allan H. , Teague Clinton A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA previously published case‐control study of agricultural risk factors involved male cases of non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma registered under code 202 of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD). This study has been expanded with the inclusion of cases registered under ICD code 200, and additional controls. The expanded study comprises 100 ICD 200 cases and 83 ICD 202 cases registered during the period 1977‐81, together with 338 controls selected from other cancer registrations during the same period. The largest relative risk for specific farming types was for orchard workers (odds ratio = 3.7, 90% confidence limits 1.1‐12.1). No elevated risks were observed for exposure to farm animals, nor for potential exposure to phenoxy herbicides (odds ratio = 1.0, 90% confidence limits 0.7‐1.5), or chlorophenols (odds ratio = 1.4, 90% confidence limits 0.8‐2.3). The previous finding of an excess risk associated with fencing work was weakly supported by the expanded study (odds ratio = 1.4, 90% confidence limits 1.0‐2.0). However, the previous finding of an excess risk associated with meat works employment was more strongly supported (odds ratio = 1.8, 90% confidence limits 1.2‐2.6). One relevant risk factor is 2,4,6‐TCP which is used in the treatment of pelts, but the excess risks do not appear to be confined to pelt department workers. An alternative hypothesis is that meat workers may be exposed to oncogenic viruses.
Genetic instability in fibroblasts of patients with thyroid cancers (TC)
Authors: Krizman D. B. , Pathak S. , Samaan N. A. , Hickey R. C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn cultured fibroblasts initiated from fresh tumor biopsies of 11 patients with thyroid tumors, 5 medullary carcinoma of the thyroid (MCT) and 6 papillary follicular, the chromosomes are relatively unstable when compared with those from control fibroblast cultures. Tumor‐derived fibroblast samples showed a mean number of cells in metaphase with chromosome abnormalities at a frequency of 9.1% and a range of 6‐13%, whereas 5 controls exhibited a mean frequency of 4% and a range of 3‐5%. Our results indicate that genetic instability in thyroid cancer patients is present not only in peripheral blood cultures, as reported earlier, but in their fibroblast cultures as well.
Enhancement of production of superoxide anion by human monocytes exposed to products of ht 29 human colonic adenocarcinoma cell line
Authors: Bettetini Dominique , Garrouste Francoise , Remacle‐Bonnet Maryse , Culouscou Jean‐Michel , Pommier Gilbert , Marvaldi Jacques 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe generation of superoxide anion (O2‐) by human blood monocytes in response to stimulation by either phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) or opsonized Zymosan was greatly enhanced (range: 100‐200% according to donor) by prior exposure of the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBM) to human colonic adenocarcinoma cells (HT 29 line) or their conditioned culture medium (DMEM‐HT 29). This priming effect was observed after 5 hr and persisted for up to 15 hr of contact between PBM and endotoxin‐free DMEM‐HT 29. Beyond this time, primed monocytes gradually lost this ability. However, they maintained a higher capacity (about 100%) to produce O2‐ when compared to controls. DMEM‐HT 29‐induced monocyte priming requires that the tumor‐active substance(s) act(s) on 2 target cells: first, on non adherent mononuclear cells (NA‐PBM) to induce cytokine production and, second, on the monocyte itself. Priming activity was also found in conditioned medium from FR3T3 embryonic fibroblasts but not in conditioned medium from HT 29 repolarized cells (by culture in glucose‐free medium) or from non‐tumorous human colonic mucosa explants.
Growth of a human colonic adenocarcinoma cell line (HT 29) on microcarrier beads: Metabolic studies by 31phosphorus nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Authors: Fantini Baetselier Jacques , Marvaldi Jacques , Galons Jean‐Philippe , Cozzone Patrick J. , Canioni Paul 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA method allowing the growth of a human colon adenocarcinoma cell line (HT 29) on beaded polystyrene microcarriers has been developed by modifying the culture conditions used in monolayer cultures. Under optimized conditions, the cells became confluent 7 days after seeding and reached a density of 2.8 x 105 cells/cm of microcarrier (65% of the available area occupied). 31P NMR spectra were typically recorded on 300 x 106 cells continuously perfused at a flow rate of 15 ml/min in a specially designed NMR chamber in which the micro‐carrier beads were sequestered within the receiver coil volume. The in vivo spectrum displays a series of resonances assigned to nucleoside triphosphates (ATP and GTP), inorganic phosphate and various phosphomonoesters (mainly glucose‐6‐P and phosphorylcholine). Diphosphodiester resonances (DPDE, mainly UDP‐N‐acetyl‐glucosamine and UDP‐N‐acetylgalactosamine) were not detected in the in vivo spectrum and were only apparent in the spectrum of the perchloric acid extract of the cells, indicating that these compounds have a restricted mobility in the intracellular compartment. The intracellular pH of HT 29 cells was 7.2 during the perfusion with a medium buffered at pH 7.3. The internal pH decreased slowly (2 x 10‐3 pH unit/min) during anoxic perfusion, but severe intracellular acidosis occurred after 40 min of ischemia (2.7 x 10‐1 pH unit/min). Sequential recording of 31P NMR spectra has shown that HT 29 cells are able to maintain their high energy phosphorylated compound levels (ATP) when subjected to 100 min of anoxia and 40 min of total ischemia.
Growth of mammary epithelial cells in breast‐cancer biopsies correlates with egf binding
Authors: Spitzer Eva , Grosse Richard , Kunde Dieter , Eberhard Schmidt H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn order to understand the role of EGF in the development of human mammary epithelial tissue, we analysed the binding of 125I‐EGF to sections of breast cancer biopsies. A mean specific 125I‐EGF binding of 8.9 fmol per mg protein was estimated in thin sections of 17 breast cancer biopsies. Microautoradiographic analysis of 125I‐EGF binding to the tissue sections was applied to demonstrate that EGF was bound predominantly to mammary epithelial cells. The binding was clearly correlated to the number of mitoses of mammary epithelial cells in the same samples. The highest EGF binding and proliferation rates were found in biopsies from breast cancer with axillary lymph‐node metastases.
Tumor type‐specific differences in cell‐substrate adhesion among human tumor cell lines
Authors: Varani James , McKeever Paul E. , Dixit Vishva , Carey Thomas E. , Flgiel Suzanne E. G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCell lines derived from human tumors of 4 different histological types (squamous carcinomas, melanomas, gliomas and a fibrosarcoma) were examined for cell‐substrate adhesion on plastic culture dishes and dishes coated with 50 μg of type‐IV collagen. In the absence of exogenous adhesion factors, the squamous carcinoma cells attached and spread more rapidly than the other cells on both substrates. Once attached, the squamous carcinoma cells were also more difficult than the other cells to remove with proteolytic enzymes/EDTA. While the cell lines derived from melanomas, gliomas and the fibrosarcoma were less adhesive than the squamous carcinoma lines in the absence of exogenous adhesion factors, these cells were highly responsive to laminin. In contrast, Iaminin only slightly enhanced the attachment and spreading of squamous carcinoma cells on the plastic dishes and actually inhibited attachment and spreading on the collagen‐coated dishes. These results indicate that there are tumor‐type‐specific differences in adhesiveness among human tumor cell lines and that cells from different tumor types may have distinct mechanisms for carrying out one of the functions critical to invasion.
In vitro antigenic modulation of human neuroblastoma cells induced by ifn‐γ, retinoic acid and dibutyryl cyclic amp
Authors: Gross N. , Beck D. , Favre S. , Carrel S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTesting with a panel of 26 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) showed the antigenic profile of 13 human neuroblastoma cell lines to be characterized by a generally poor antigenic expression; therefore, Interferon‐gamma (IFN‐γ), dibutyryl cyclic‐AMP and retinoic acid were used to analyse the modulation of surface antigenic expression during differentiation. Treatment of neuroblastoma cell lines with IFN‐γ resulted mainly in induction or increase of class‐I MHC antigenic expression. Induction of class‐II MHC antigens was obtained on only one neuroblastoma cell line out of 13, thus representing an exceptional event. An increase in some other antigens expressed by neuroblastoma cell lines was also observed. In contrast, and in addition to morphological maturation, treatment of these cell lines with the differentiation inducer dibutyryl‐cyclic‐AMP (dbc‐AMP), resulted in general down‐modulation of antigenic expression, particularly of neuroblastoma‐associated 5A7 or Leu7 antigens. Retinoic acid treatment had no significant effect on MHC antigens, but it decreased expression of 5A7 and Leu7 antigens, and markedly increased the expression of the melanoma‐associated antigen Me14‐D12. The similarity between the antigenic profile of in vitro differentiated neuroblastoma cells and that of mature ganglioneuroma cells suggests that compounds like cyclic‐AMP or retinoic acid are excellent tools for further investigations of the mechanisms of neuroblastoma differentiation and might have important clinical applications.