bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of rituximab in combination with pentostatin or cladribine for the treatment of recurrent/refractory hairy cell leukemia
Authors: Else Monica , Osuji Nnenna , Forconi Francesco , Dearden Claire , Del Giudice Ilaria , Matutes Estella , Wotherspoon Andrew , Lauria Francesco , Catovsky Daniel 
Published: September 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND.The purine analogs pentostatin and cladribine have revolutionized the treatment of hairy cell leukemia (HCL) with overall responses in greater than 85% of patients and a median progression‐free survival of up to 15 years. They continue to be effective at second‐ and even third‐line therapy; however, alternative treatments are needed for patients who are or have become refractory to these agents or whose remissions are shorter with each course of therapy.METHODS.The authors conducted a retrospective review of 8 patients who received pentostatin or cladribine combined concurrently (n = 6 patients) or sequentially (n = 2 patients) with rituximab at second‐line therapy (n = 3 patients) and at subsequent lines of therapy (n = 5 patients). Results from a previously reported database of 219 patients with HCL (73 patients who received second‐line therapy and 20 patients who received third‐line therapy) were used as a historic control group against which to measure benefit.RESULTS.All 8 patients responded to therapy, with 7 complete responses (CRs) (87.5%) and minimal toxicity. All patients who had CRs were negative for minimal residual disease (MRD). At a median follow‐up of 29 months (range, 5–39 months) 1 patient developed recurrent disease, and the estimated 2‐year recurrence rate was 20% (0% after second‐line therapy and 25% after subsequent lines of therapy). In the historic control group, the CR rates were 70% after second‐line therapy and 45% after third‐line therapy, and the recurrence rates at 2 years were 15% and 33%, respectively.CONCLUSIONS.The combination of purine analogs with rituximab was safe and effective for patients with recurrent and/or refractory HCL, and the current results suggested an added benefit compared with standard treatment. Cancer 2007 © 2007 American Cancer Society.
Is radiologic placement of an arm port mandatory in oncology patients?
Authors: Marcy Pierre‐Yves , Magné Nicolas , Castadot Pierre , Italiano Antoine , Amoretti Nicolas , Bailet Cédric , Bentolila Franck , Gallard Jean‐Claude 
Published: September 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND.The objective of the current study was 2‐fold: to evaluate a radiologically placed percutaneous arm port device (PRAPD) in a large series of 1000 consecutive cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy (in terms of safety, efficacy, complications, and quality of life [QoL]) and to propose future recommendations.METHODS.From 1998 to August 2002, all patients who had cancer required chemotherapy underwent insertion of a PRAPD and were prospectively included. All patients were followed for technical feasibility, overall device‐related complications, and QoL.RESULTS.Technical failures (6.3%) were caused by the inability to perform an arm venogram in 22 patients or to catheterize the brachial vein in 41 patients. Septic complications (3.2%) included septicemia (n = 7 patients), catheter sepsis (n = 9 patients), and febrile neutropenia (n = 16 patients). Mechanical complications (4%) included a twisted port (n = 2 patients), extravasation (n = 7 patients), catheter leaks (n = 7 patients), port obstruction (n = 7 patients), skin dehiscence of the port (n = 11 patients), catheter rupture and occlusion (n = 5 patients), and median nerve compression (n = 1 patient). Central venous thrombosis occurred in 12 patients (1.2%), and arm phlebitis occurred in 7 patients (0.7%). Procedure‐related death occurred in 0.4%. Early port removal was performed in 5.3% of patients. Good QoL was reported at port removal.CONCLUSIONS.The PRAPD was found to be safe, effective, and well tolerated in oncology patients. PRAPD could be recommended in selected patients instead of a surgical port device. Cancer 2007. © 2007 American Cancer Society.
Synthesis and Reactivity of Cobalt Complexes with Pendant Nitrogen Functional Groups
Authors: Li Longjin , Han Shuang , Li Qiang , Chen Zhenxia , Pang Zhen 
Published: September 2007

AbstractSeveral derivatives of cyclopentadienylcobalt complexes having a pendant amino‐functionalised side chain (Cp′) are described, the cyclopentadienyl ligands being (2‐aminoethyl)cyclopentadienyl, (2‐piperidinoethyl)cyclopentadienyl,1‐(2‐piperidinoethyl)‐2,3,4,5‐tetraisopropylcyclopentadienyland 2‐picolylcyclopentadienyl. Chelation by the amino‐functionalised side chain occurred when the Cp*‐cobalt(I) dicarbonyl complexes 5, 6, 7 and 8 were oxidised by iodine, thereby forming the corresponding Cp*‐cobalt(III) chelates 9, 10, 11 and 12, respectively, through the diiodocarbonyl intermediates 5′, 6′, 7′ and 8′, respectively. The stabilities of the intermediates differ greatly due to the different amino functions in the pendant side chain. Structural studies of 9, 10 and 12 were carried out and the correlation of the I–Co–I angles and the repulsive forces from the amino‐functionalised groups with the stabilities of the intermediates is discussed. The diiodocarbonyl‐η5‐(2‐piperidinylethyl)cyclopentadienylcobalt(III) intermediate 6′ becomes reduced to 6 by the CO released upon chelation of the former when the concentration of CO reaches about 0.088 mol L−1. The chelated piperidine group in 10 could be easily replaced by triphenylphosphane to form the diiodotriphenylphosphanyl‐η5‐(2‐piperidinioethyl)cyclopentadienylcobalt(III) iodide dichloromethane solvate 13 in the presence of hydrogen iodide. A strong N–H···I hydrogen bond with an N···I distance of 3.414(14) Å and a D–H···A angle of 164.1° were found in 13. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
2‐Chloro‐1,3,2‐diazaphospholenes – A Crystal Structural Study
Authors: Burck Sebastian , Gudat Dietrich , Nättinen Kalle , Nieger Martin , Niemeyer Mark , Schmid Dirk 
Published: September 2007

AbstractA series of 2‐chloro‐1,3,2‐diazaphospholenes with different substitution patterns has been prepared from 1,4‐diazabutadienes according to a general synthetic methodology. Subsequent chloride abstraction with Lewis acids affords the corresponding 1,3,2‐diazaphospholenium salts. All products have been characterised spectroscopically and by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction studies. A detailed analysis of trends in the structural parameters supports the interpretation that the unusual P–Cl bond lengthening in the diazaphospholenes is attributable to n(N)/σ*(P‐Cl) hyperconjugation. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Synthesis and Aggregation Properties of Water‐Soluble Newkome‐Dendronized Perylenetetracarboxdiimides
Authors: Schmidt Cordula D. , Böttcher Christoph , Hirsch Andreas 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThe synthesis and characterization of three highly water‐soluble perylenetetracarboxdiimide (“perylene bisimide”, PBI) dyes 1 and 2b is presented. The water solubility is provided by peripheral dendronization with 1G‐ and 2G‐Newkome dendrons. The aggregation behaviour of these amphiphiles in water and that of their tert‐butyl‐protected precursor molecules 3 and 4 in organic solvents was investigated by UV/Vis‐ and fluorescence spectroscopy. The symmetric 1G‐dendronized dye 1a forms aggregates more easily than its 2G‐counterpart 1b. The asymmetric derivatives 2b reveals pronounced aggregation properties due to the presence of both a 2G‐dendron and a flexible and non‐bulky dodecyl substituent. The 1G‐analogue 2a is insoluble in water as a result of insufficient overall hydrophilicity caused by only one 1G‐Newkome dendron. Within the series of water‐soluble perylenes 1 and 2b the asymmetric derivative 2b forms the most regularly shaped micelles in water (pH = 7.2) with a mean diameter of 16 nm as demonstrated by transition electron microscopy (TEM). The bola‐amphiphiles 1a and 1b form a distribution of smaller aggregates on average with less defined shape.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Enantioselective One‐Pot Two‐Step Synthesis of Hydrophobic Allylic Alcohols in Aqueous Medium through the Combination of a Wittig Reaction and an Enzymatic Ketone Reduction
Authors: Kraußer Marina , Hummel Werner , Gröger Harald 
Published: September 2007

AbstractA one‐pot two‐step process for the enantioselective synthesis of hydrophobic allylic alcohols was developed, which comprises ketone formation by the Wittig reaction and their enzymatic in situ biotransformation into the desired target products. By means of this combined Wittig reaction and bioreduction, the allylic alcohols were prepared with conversions of up to 90 %, and with excellent enantioselectivities of >99 % ee. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
From Theozymes to Artificial Enzymes: Enzyme‐Like Receptors for Michael Additions with Oxyanion Holes and Active Amino Groups (Eur. J. Org. Chem. 29/2007)
Authors: Simón Luis , Muñiz Francisco M. , Sáez Silvia , Raposo César , Morán Joaquín R. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThe cover picture shows the design of molecular receptors with enzyme‐like catalytic activity for the Michael addition of pyrrolidine to an α,β‐unsaturated lactam. The picture emphasizes the design process of these receptors by using a draft‐like style for the receptor structure. This design is based on a model for the transition state (represented as a high‐quality 3‐D model) that is obtained from theoretical study of the reaction mechanism. In the paper, we use both kinetic experiments and molecular modeling studies to assist the design of the H‐bonding catalyst. From these studies we concluded that the presence of an auxiliary amine group could improve the catalytic activity of previous catalysts that resemble the oxyanion hole structure found in many enzymes. A simple modeling procedure is used to predict the catalytic activity of the tested catalyst, that in some cases shows kcat/kuncat values close to the range of values observed for many catalytic antibodies. Details are discussed in the article by L. Simón et al. on p. 4821 ff.
A compatible finite element multi‐material ALE hydrodynamics algorithm
Authors: Barlow A. J. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThe main ideas of compatible Lagrangian hydrodynamics were originally developed in the form of a finite volume scheme by Caramana et al. at LANL. A new compatible finite element Lagrangian hydrodynamics method has been developed and implemented in a 2D arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) code CORVUS. The new finite element method was developed in preference to the published finite volume schemes in order to see if the fundamental principles of compatible hydro could be translated across to other numerical methods in use in hydrocodes and to facilitate a more direct comparison of the performance of the compatible hydro scheme with the existing finite element scheme in CORVUS. The new finite element scheme provides total energy conservation to round off for the Lagrangian step. The edge artificial viscosities and sub‐zonal pressures that have been introduced through the framework of the compatible hydro scheme provide further improvements in terms of accuracy and robustness for Lagrangian calculations. The details of the compatible finite element Lagrangian scheme and the extensions required to the scheme to allow it to be applied as the Lagrangian step of a multi‐material ALE code are discussed. Test problems will be presented to demonstrate some of the benefits and the performance of the new method for hydrocode applications. © British Crown Copyright 2007/MOD. Reproduced with permission. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Reduced modelling of blood flow in the cerebral circulation: Coupling 1‐D, 0‐D and cerebral auto‐regulation models
Authors: Alastruey J. , Moore S. M. , Parker K. H. , David T. , Peiró J. , Sherwin S. J. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractPulsatile blood flow in the cerebral circulation is simulated using a nonlinear, one‐dimensional model of the arterial haemodynamics coupled in the time domain with lumped parameter and flow auto‐regulation models of the perfusion of the microcirculation. A linear analysis of the coupling shows that a resistance equal to the characteristic impedance of the blood vessel is required at the inflow of a terminal windkessel model to avoid the generation of non‐physiological wave reflections. The cerebral model suggests that the worst anatomical variation of the circle of Willis in terms of restoring normal cerebral flows after a sudden carotid occlusion is a circle without the first segment of the contralateral anterior cerebral artery. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
TNFAIP3 is the target gene of chromosome band 6q23.3‐q24.1 loss in ocular adnexal marginal zone B cell lymphoma
Authors: Honma Keiichiro , Tsuzuki Shinobu , Nakagawa Masao , Karnan Sivasundaram , Aizawa Yoshifusa , Kim Won Seog , Kim Yoon‐Duk , Ko Young‐Hyeh , Seto Masao 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThe genomic aberrations in extra nodal marginal zone B cell lymphoma vary according to their anatomical origin. This polarization is a reflection of the participation of different genes in the lymphomagenesis of marginal zone B cell lymphoma. We previously demonstrated by means of genome‐wide array comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) that the genomic profile of ocular adnexal marginal zone B cell lymphoma is distinct from that of pulmonary or nodal marginal zone B cell lymphoma. The novel finding was a recurrent deletion of a 2.9‐Mb region at chromosome band 6q23.3‐q24.1, including homozygous loss, in ocular adnexal marginal zone B cell lymphoma. For a more detailed examination of the deletions of 6q23.3‐24.1, we used contig bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) array CGH, containing 24 BAC clones covering the 2.9‐Mb region, to analyze nine cases with 6q23.3‐q24.1 loss. We narrowed the minimal common region down to a length of 586 kb with two genes and four expressed sequence tags (ESTs). All of these genes and ESTs were subjected to RT‐PCR and real‐time quantitative RT‐PCR. Correlation between genomic loss and expression level was found only for TNFAIP3, demonstrating that TNFAIP3 is a target gene of 6q deletion in ocular adnexal marginal zone B cell lymphoma. TNFAIP3 is an inhibitor of NF‐kB signaling so that loss of this gene may play an important role in lymphomagenesis and suggests that TNFAIP3 may act as a tumor suppressor gene in ocular adnexal marginal zone B cell lymphoma. This article contains Supplementary Material available at http://www.interscience.wiley.com/jpages/1045‐2257/suppmat. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Acute treatment with 17β‐estradiol attenuates astrocyte–astrocyte and astrocyte–neuron communication
Authors: Rao Shilpa P. , Sikdar Sujit Kumar 
Published: September 2007

AbstractAstrocytes are now recognized as dynamic signaling elements in the brain. Bidirectional communication between neurons and astrocytes involves integration of neuronal inputs by astrocytes and release of gliotransmitters that modulate neuronal excitability and synaptic transmission. The ovarian steroid hormone, 17β‐estradiol, in addition to its rapid actions on neuronal electrical activity can rapidly alter astrocyte intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) through a membrane‐associated estrogen receptor. Using calcium imaging and electrophysiological techniques, we investigated the functional consequences of acute treatment with estradiol on astrocyte–astrocyte and astrocyte–neuron communication in mixed hippocampal cultures. Mechanical stimulation of an astrocyte evoked a [Ca2+]i rise in the stimulated astrocyte, which propagated to the surrounding astrocytes as a [Ca2+]i wave. Following acute treatment with estradiol, the amplitude of the [Ca2+]i elevation in astrocytes around the stimulated astrocyte was attenuated. Further, estradiol inhibited the [Ca2+]i rise in individual astrocytes in response to the metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist, trans‐(±)‐1‐amino‐1,3‐cyclopentanedicarboxylic acid. Mechanical stimulation of astrocytes induced [Ca2+]i elevations and electrophysiological responses in adjacent neurons. Estradiol rapidly attenuated the astrocyte‐evoked glutamate‐mediated [Ca2+]i rise and slow inward current in neurons. Also, the incidence of astrocyte‐induced increase in spontaneous postsynaptic current frequency was reduced in the presence of estradiol. The effects of estradiol were stereo‐specific and reversible following washout. These findings may indicate that the regulation of neuronal excitability and synaptic transmission by astrocytes is sensitive to rapid estradiol‐mediated hormonal control. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
STI1 promotes glioma proliferation through MAPK and PI3K pathways
Authors: Erlich Rafael B. , Kahn Suzana A. , Lima Flávia R. S. , Muras Angelita G. , Martins Rodrigo A. P. , Linden Rafael , Chiarini Luciana B. , Martins Vilma R. , Moura Neto Vivaldo 
Published: September 2007

AbstractGliomas are tumors derived from glia or their precursors within the central nervous system. Clinically, gliomas are divided into four grades and the glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), also referred as grade IV astrocytoma, is the most aggressive and the most common glioma in humans. The prognosis for patients with GBM remains dismal, with a median survival of 9–12 months. Despite their striking heterogeneity, common alterations in specific cellular signal transduction pathways occur within most GBMs. Previous work from our group identified the co‐chaperone stress‐inducible protein 1 (STI1) as a cell surface ligand for cellular prion (PrPC), which leads to the activation of several signal transduction pathways, some of which modulate cell survival. In the present work, we used thymidine incorporation assays to investigate the effect of STI1 upon proliferation of the human glioblastoma‐derived cell line A172. Here we report that STI1 is secreted by and induces proliferation in tumor cells, an effect that is modulated by the Erk and PI3K pathways, and that, in contrast to glioma cells, STI1 does not induce proliferation of normal glia. In addition, our data suggest the involvement of PrPC in STI1‐induced proliferation of A172 cells. These results provide initial evidence of a new functional role for STI1 on the physiology of human gliomas, and may lead to the identification of new therapeutic targets in these tumors. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Employee choice of flexible spending account participation and health plan
Authors: Hamilton Barton H. , Marton James 
Published: September 2007

AbstractDespite the fact that flexible spending accounts (FSAs) are becoming an increasingly popular employer‐provided health benefit, there has been very little empirical study of FSA use among employees at the individual level. This study contributes to the literature on FSAs using a unique data set that provides three years of employee‐level‐matched benefits data. Motivated by the theoretical model of FSA choice presented in Cardon and Showalter (J. Health Econ. 2001; 20(6):935–954), we examine the determinants of FSA participation and contribution levels using cross‐sectional and random‐effect two‐part models. FSA participation and health plan choice are also modeled jointly in each year using conditional logit models. We find that, even after controlling for a number of other demographic characteristics, non‐whites are less likely to participate in the FSA program, have lower contributions conditional on participation, and have a lower probability of switching to new lower cost share, higher premium plans when they were introduced. We also find evidence that choosing health plans with more expected out‐of‐pocket expenses is correlated with participation in the FSA program. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Alpha-1-antitrypsin mutant Z protein content in individual hepatocytes correlates with cell death in a mouse model
Authors: Lindblad Douglas , Blomenkamp Keith , Teckman Jeffrey 
Published: September 2007

Abstract

Alpha-1-antitrypsin (a1AT) deficiency is caused by homozygosity for the a1AT mutant Z gene and occurs in 1 in 2000 births. The Z mutation confers an abnormal conformation on the protein, resulting in an accumulation within the endoplasmic reticulum of hepatocytes rather than appropriate secretion. The accumulation of the mutant protein is strikingly heterogeneous within the liver. Homozygous ZZ children and adults have an increased risk of chronic liver disease, which is thought to result from this variable intracellular accumulation of the a1AT mutant Z protein. Previous reports have suggested that autophagy, mitochondrial injury, apoptosis, and other pathways may be involved in the mechanism of hepatocyte injury, although the interplay of these mechanisms in vivo is unclear. In this study, we examine a well-characterized in vivo model of a1AT mutant Z liver injury, the PiZ mouse, to better understand the pathways involved in this disease. The results show an increase in the stimulation of the apoptotic cascade in hepatocytes, the magnitude of which strongly correlates to the absolute amount of the a1AT mutant Z protein accumulated within the individual cell. Increases in apoptotic regulatory proteins are also detected.

Conclusion:

These data, combined with previous work, permit for the first time the construction of a hypothetical hepatocellular injury cascade for this disease involving mitochondrial injury, caspase activation, and apoptosis, which takes into account the heterogeneous nature of the mutant Z protein accumulation within the liver. Further development of this hypothetical cascade will focus future research on this and other metabolic liver diseases. (HEPATOLOGY 2007.)
Bone disorders in chronic liver disease
Authors: Collier Jane 
Published: September 2007

Abstract

Osteomalacia rarely occurs in adult patients with chronic liver disease despite a low serum vitamin D level being reported in up to two-thirds of patients with cirrhosis. In contrast, osteoporosis, which increases the risk of vertebral fractures, occurs in 12%-55% of patients with cirrhosis. Although the prevalence is probably falling, as shown by a fall from 57%-26% in patients with biliary disease requiring liver transplantation over the last 2 decades, it still accounts for significant patient morbidity. Bone density also falls in the first 3 months after liver transplantation, and pretransplant fractures are predictive of posttransplant fractures. Many of the known risk factors for postmenopausal osteoporosis exist in the cirrhotic population, such as excess alcohol intake, steroid use, poor nutrition, and hypogonadism. There is also an increased risk of osteoporosis in patients without cirrhosis, particularly those with hemochromatosis and biliary disease. The diagnosis is made with bone density measurements. The effective treatment is largely based on evidence from postmenopausal osteoporosis as there have been only a few small clinical trials of patients with chronic liver disease. Bisphosphonates are the mainstay of treatment; they have been shown to be effective in biliary disease and are well tolerated. (HEPATOLOGY 2007.)