bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design and Kinematics of a Novel Continuum Robot Connected by Unique Offset Cross Revolute Joints
Authors: Wang Xuhao , Wang Chengfa , Wu Mengli , Li Mingyu , Xu Yilong , Li Guanhao , Guo Zhiyong , Cao Yiran 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Continuum robots have continuous structures and inherent compliance, which can be used for accessing unstructured and confined space in many fields, such as minimally invasive surgery and aero-engine in-situ inspection. A novel cable-driven continuum robot connected by unique offset cross revolute joints is proposed in this paper, which has excellent bending capacity and appropriate torsional stiffness compared with continuum robots connected by revolute joints and spherical joints, respectively. Furthermore, the kinematic modeling and analysis are carried out. The mappings among robot's actuator space, joint space and task space are established step by step. Particularly, an improved inverse kinematics algorithm is proposed by combining the constant curvature method with the numerical iterative method. This combined inverse kinematics algorithm can effectively reduce the error of approximate solution derived by the traditional constant curvature method. Numerical simulations are conducted to verify the proposed algorithm and analyze workspace of the continuum robot. Finally, experimental prototype of the robot is built to verify its excellent bending capacity and the correctness of the proposed kinematic model.
Simulation-Based Thermal Fatigue Validation Test Development for Exhaust Manifold
Authors: Naganathan Ambikapathy , Holland Billy G. , Demirdogen Caner A. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Exhaust manifolds in diesel engines undergo continuous thermal cycle loading of varying thermal cycles with different mean, amplitude, and rate of temperature change created by application duty cycles. This makes analysis and testing of the exhaust manifold to meet the thermal mechanical fatigue life expectation of different applications challenging. In this paper, a simulation-based product development approach, which uses application duty cycles, simulation models of different capabilities, including three-dimensional Finite element simulation model, one-dimensional (1D) physis-based damage model to develop an abusive thermal cycle engine test for validating exhaust manifold, is presented.
A machine learning approach to predict daptomycin exposure from two concentrations based on Monte Carlo simulations
Authors: Codde Cyrielle , Rivals Florence , Destere Alexandre , Fromage Yeleen , Labriffe Marc , Marquet Pierre , Benoist Clément , Ponthier Laure , Faucher Jean-François , Woillard Jean-Baptiste 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Daptomycin is a concentration-dependent lipopeptide antibiotic for which exposure/effect relationships have been shown. Machine learning (ML) algorithms, developed to predict the individual exposure to drugs, have shown very good performances in comparison to maximum a posteriori Bayesian estimation (MAP-BE). The aim of this work was to predict the area under the blood concentration curve (AUC) of daptomycin from two samples and a few covariates using XGBoost ML algorithm trained on Monte Carlo simulations. Five thousand one hundred fifty patients were simulated from two literature population pharmacokinetics models. Data from the first model were split into a training set (75%) and a testing set (25%). Four ML algorithms were built to learn AUC based on daptomycin blood concentration samples at pre-dose and 1 h post-dose. The XGBoost model (best ML algorithm) with the lowest root mean square error (RMSE) in a 10-fold cross-validation experiment was evaluated in both the test set and the simulations from the second population pharmacokinetic model (validation). The ML model based on the two concentrations, the differences between these concentrations, and five other covariates (sex, weight, daptomycin dose, creatinine clearance, and body temperature) yielded very good AUC estimation in the test (relative bias/RMSE = 0.43/7.69%) and validation sets (relative bias/RMSE = 4.61/6.63%). The XGBoost ML model developed allowed accurate estimation of daptomycin AUC using C0, C1h, and a few covariates and could be used for exposure estimation and dose adjustment. This ML approach can facilitate the conduct of future therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) studies.
Home-based Intervention with Semaglutide Treatment of Neuroleptic-Related Prediabetes (HISTORI): protocol describing a prospective, randomised, placebo controlled and double-blinded multicentre trial
Authors: Ganeshalingam Ashok Ainkaran , Uhrenholt Nicolai Gundtoft , Arnfred Sidse , Gæde Peter Haulund , Bilenberg Niels , Frystyk Jan 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionSubjects with schizophrenia have a 2–3 fold higher mortality rate than the general population and a reduced life expectancy of 10–20 years. Approximately one-third of this excess mortality has been attributed to obesity-related type 2 diabetes (T2D) and to cardiovascular disease. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogues increase satiety and delay gastric emptying, thereby reducing food intake and weight. GLP-1 analogues also exert beneficial effects on cardiovascular outcomes in high-risk patients with T2D.Our aim is to investigate whether 30 weeks add-on treatment with the GLP-1 analogue semaglutide can reduce HbA1c sufficiently to reverse pre-diabetes and the metabolic syndrome in overweight schizophrenic patients.Methods and analysisWe will perform a 30 week, two-armed, multicentre, superiority, double-blinded, randomised trial investigating the effect of weekly injections of semaglutide versus placebo in mental health facilities in Region of Southern Denmark and Region of Zealand, Denmark. In total, 154 adults with schizophrenia spectrum disease, aged 18–60 years treated with second generation antipsychotic treatment, HbA1c 39–47 mmol/mol and body mass index >27 kg/m2will be randomised to injections of 1.0 mg semaglutide or placebo. The primary outcome is changes in HbA1c. Secondary outcomes encompass metabolic measures, psychotic symptoms and quality of life. Exploratory outcomes encompass insulin sensitivity, cardiovascular risk profile, medication adherence, general well-being and physical activity.Ethics and disseminationThis study will be carried out in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and Good Clinical Practice guidelines. This research has obtained approval from both the Danish Medicines Agency and The Regional Committees on Health Research Ethics for Southern Denmark.Trial registration numberNCT05193578European Clinical Trials Database Number (EudraCT) 2020-004374-22, Regional Ethical Committee number S-20200182.
Transradial versus transfemoral access for diagnostic cerebral angiography: frequency of acute MRI findings in 500 consecutive patients at a single center
Authors: Carraro do Nascimento Vinicius , de Villiers Laetitia , Dhillon Permesh Singh , Domitrovic Luis , Sesnan Genevieve , Leblanc Jean-Philippe , Ninnes Louise , Hughes Ian , Rice Hal 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundThe frequency of clinically symptomatic and asymptomatic diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) hyperintense lesions and their correlation with the transradial artery (TRA) approach is unclear.ObjectiveTo assess the frequency of abnormal diffusion restriction foci on DWI following cerebral angiography (digital subtraction angiography (DSA)) with the TRA or transfemoral artery (TFA) approach and identify predictors of DWI restriction foci.MethodsWe analysed data from consecutive diagnostic cerebral angiograms obtained between January 2021 and October 2023 at a single tertiary center. MRI DWI was performed 2 hours after DSA. Patients underwent neurological assessment periprocedurally, as well as prior to discharge.Results500 patients were analysed; 277 (55%) procedures were performed via TRA and 223 (45%) via TFA. Overall, 74 (14.8%) patients had abnormal findings in the postprocedure MRI DWI. A higher incidence of positive DWI findings was noted in the TRA group, with 46 (16.6%) patients, compared with 28 (12.6%) in the TFA group (P=0.21). Symptomatic events occurred in seven (2.5%) of the TRA group and in two (0.9%) of the TFA cohort (P=0.31). At 60 days, the neurological deficit rate was one (0.4%) for the TRA group and one (0.4%) for the TFA group. Procedure time was the only significant predictor of DWI restriction (OR=1.04 per minute; P=0.0001).ConclusionAlthough there were more symptomatic or asymptomatic embolic events with TRA than with the TFA approach following elective cerebral angiography, this was not significantly different. We recommend the choice of vascular access based on patient anatomy and characteristics, aimed at improving care through enhanced safety.
Optimization and validation of the DESIGNER preprocessing pipeline for clinical diffusion MRI in white matter aging
Authors: Chen Jenny , Ades-Aron Benjamin , Lee Hong-Hsi , Mehrin Subah , Pang Michelle , Novikov Dmitry S. , Veraart Jelle , Fieremans Els 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Various diffusion MRI (dMRI) preprocessing pipelines are currently available to yield more accurate diffusion parameters. Here, we evaluated accuracy and robustness of the optimized Diffusion parameter EStImation with Gibbs and NoisE Removal (DESIGNER) pipeline in a large clinical dMRI dataset and using ground-truth phantoms. DESIGNER, a preprocessing pipeline targeting various imaging artifacts in diffusion MRI data, has been modified to improve denoising and target Gibbs ringing for partial Fourier acquisitions. We compared the revised DESIGNER (Dv2) (including denoising, Gibbs removal, correction for motion, echo planar imaging (EPI) distortion, and eddy currents) against the original DESIGNER (Dv1) pipeline, minimal preprocessing (including correction for motion, EPI distortion, and eddy currents only), and no preprocessing on a large clinical dMRI dataset of 524 control subjects with ages between 25 and 75 years old. We evaluated the effect of specific processing steps on age correlations in white matter with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) metrics. We also evaluated the added effect of minimal Gaussian smoothing to deal with noise and to reduce outliers in parameter maps compared to DESIGNER-v2’s noise removal method. Moreover, Dv2’s updated noise and Gibbs removal methods were assessed using a ground truth dMRI phantom to evaluate accuracy. Results show age correlations of DTI and DKI metrics in white matter were affected by the preprocessing pipeline, causing systematic differences in absolute parameter values and loss or gain of statistical significance. Both in clinical dMRI and ground-truth phantoms, Dv2 pipeline resulted in the smallest number of outlier voxels and improved accuracy in DTI and DKI metrics as noise was reduced and Gibbs removal was improved. Thus, DESIGNER-v2 provides more accurate and robust DTI and DKI parameter maps by targeting common artifacts present in dMRI data acquired in clinical settings, as compared to no preprocessing or minimal preprocessing.
Testing PET-[11C]ABP688 as a tool to quantify glutamate
release in vivo
Authors: Bdair Hussein , Sato-Fitoussi Marie , Planche Stéphane , Moquin Luc , Kang Min Su , Aliaga Arturo , Nagano-Saito Atsuko , Smart Kelly , Cox Sylvia M.L. , Near Jamie , Aguilar-Valles Argel , Massarweh Gassan , Rosa-Neto Pedro , Benkelfat Chawki , Soucy Jean-Paul , Kostikov Alexey , Gratton Alain , Leyton Marco 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate plays a critical role in experience-dependent neuroplasticity, including addiction-related processes. To date, however, it is not possible to measure glutamate release in the living human brain. Positron emission tomography (PET) with [11C]ABP688, a selective allosteric antagonist of metabotropic type 5 glutamate (mGlu5) receptors, could offer an effective strategy. To test this proposition, we conducted a series of studies in rats using microdialysis and [11C]ABP688 microPET imaging, and in humans using PET and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Significant calcium-dependent glutamate release was identified in the ventral striatum of awake rats (190.5 ± 34.7%, p &lt; 0.05; n = 7) following administration of a low dose of ethanol (EtOH; 20%, 0.5 g/kg), a pharmacological challenge readily translatable to human research. Simultaneous microdialysis and microPET studies in anesthetized rats yielded concurrent increases in glutamate release (126.9 ± 5.3%, p &lt; 0.001; n = 11) and decreases in striatal [11C]ABP688 binding (6.8 ± 9.6%, p &lt; 0.05). These latter two effects, however, were not significantly correlated (r = 0.25, p = 0.46). In humans, a laboratory stressor yielded significant changes in self-reported mood (ps &lt; 0.041), sympathetic system activations (ps &lt; 0.042), and the MRS index of striatal glutamate reuptake following excitatory neurotransmission, Glx/Cr levels (p = 0.048). These effects, however, were not accompanied by significant changes in [11C]ABP688 BPND (ps &gt; 0.21, n = 9) or correlated with each other (ps &gt; 0.074). Together, these studies document EtOH-induced glutamate release from neurons, EtOH-induced decreases in [11C]ABP688 binding, and stress-induced changes in glutamate turnover, yet fail to provide evidence that the PET [11C]ABP688 method can be exploited to quantify moderate changes in glutamate release. The results underscore the need for highly controlled testing conditions during PET measures of mGlu5 receptors.
Plateaus to Foothills: The Historical Migration of Tea Garden Labourers from Chotanagpur to North-Eastern Tea Plantation Zones of India during the British Period
Authors: Yasmin Benojir , Siddique Giyasuddin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Introduced by British imperialists in the early nineteenth century, tea plantation in India initially suffered from labourer shortages. Far from these tea gardens, the Chotanagpur Plateau region was marked as the major catchment area for recruiting labourers in the period 1840–1940. Thousands of socio-economically weak and marginalised people from the Chotanagpur Plateau were recruited for the newly established tea gardens of North-East India. They were subjected to various forms of exploitation through coercive service conditions. They were confined to these tea plantations for generations, as they had little prospect of moving out of the chain of bondage. That colonial legacy of servitude is still perceptible through the penurious situations of present-day tea garden labourers. This article seeks to analyse the historical context of the major push and pull factors for such large-scale migration of labourers, as well as the forces that rendered them confined to the tea estates through the generations.
Prostitution in the Account of Joseph (Józef) Feliks Zieliński in Exile in France in 1832
Authors: Balcerek Mariusz 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The aim of the article is to present the issue of entertainment in the account of the Polish military and independence activist Józef Feliks Zieliński, from his first months in exile in France in 1832. He was one of the tens of thousands of Polish refugees (the Great Emigration) who, after the collapse of the Independence Uprising (1830–1831) (aimed at freeing the Kingdom of Poland from Russian rule), left their native country. A few thousand came to France, where they received money in the first few months. His observations are unique and of great value to a historian studying everyday life in exile in France. Compared to other diaries of the insurgents, they are distinguished by the description of intimate life. He presented the taboo subject of the use of prostitutes by representatives of the Great Emigration.
Transformer-Based Nowcasting of Radar Composites from Satellite Images for Severe Weather
Authors: Küçük Çağlar , Giannakos Apostolos , Schneider Stefan , Jann Alexander 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Weather radar data are critical for nowcasting and an integral component of numerical weather prediction models. While weather radar data provide valuable information at high resolution, their ground-based nature limits their availability, which impedes large-scale applications. In contrast, meteorological satellites cover larger domains but with coarser resolution. However, with the rapid advancements in data-driven methodologies and modern sensors aboard geostationary satellites, new opportunities are emerging to bridge the gap between ground- and space-based observations, ultimately leading to more skillful weather prediction with high accuracy. Here, we present a transformer-based model for nowcasting ground-based radar image sequences using satellite data up to 2-h lead time. Trained on a dataset reflecting severe weather conditions, the model predicts radar fields occurring under different weather phenomena and shows robustness against rapidly growing/decaying fields and complex field structures. Model interpretation reveals that the infrared channel centered at 10.3 μm (C13) contains skillful information for all weather conditions, while lightning data have the highest relative feature importance in severe weather conditions, particularly in shorter lead times. The model can support precipitation nowcasting across large domains without an explicit need for radar towers, enhance numerical weather prediction and hydrological models, and provide radar proxy for data-scarce regions. Moreover, the open-source framework facilitates progress toward operational data-driven nowcasting.

Significance Statement
Ground-based weather radar data are essential for nowcasting, but data availability limitations hamper usage of radar data across large domains. We present a machine learning model, rooted in transformer architecture, that performs nowcasting of radar data using high-resolution geostationary satellite retrievals, for lead times of up to 2 h. Our model captures the spatiotemporal dynamics of radar fields from satellite data and offers accurate forecasts. Analysis indicates that the infrared channel centered at 10.3 μm provides useful information for nowcasting radar fields under various weather conditions. However, lightning activity exhibits the highest forecasting skill for severe weather at short lead times. Our findings show the potential of transformer-based models for nowcasting severe weather.
Spouses’ Health: What Happens Beyond the Widowhood Effect?
Authors: Listorti Elisabetta , Silan Margherita , Ferracin Elisa , Di Martino Mirko , Costa Giuseppe 
Published: March 2024

Objectives. We focus on married couples, and we analyse how the susceptibility and survival of individuals can be influenced by the illnesses and death experienced by their spouses. Methods. We perform a cohort study following married couples (age 65–75 years) from 2001 to 2013. We monitor individual’s susceptibility status and three spouses’ illnesses (i.e. diabetes, cancer, and mental diseases). The methodology used is the Cox regression. Results. The initial cohort is composed of 22,639 couples. During the follow-up, 24% of the individuals dies, 91% experiences at least one susceptibility increase and 43% experiences one spouse’s illness. Results from the Cox regressions report a change in the individual health that is specifically related to the occurrence of the spouse’s diseases and death. Moreover, the three diseases hit individuals differently. Discussion. What emerges from this work is the importance of considering the mechanism of the widowhood effect with an extensive approach.
MicroRNA-190b Targets RFWD3 in Estrogen Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer
Authors: Frick Elisabet Alexandra , Kristjansdottir Karen , Ragnarsdottir Snaedís , Vilhjalmsson Arnar Ingi , Bustos Maria Rose , Vidarsdottir Linda , Gudjonsson Thorkell , Sigurdsson Stefan 
Published: March 2024

Background: In the year 2020, breast cancer was the most common form of cancer worldwide. Roughly 70% of breast cancers are estrogen receptor–positive (ER+). MicroRNA-190b (miR-190b) has previously been reported to be upregulated in ER+ breast cancers. Previously, we have demonstrated that miR-190b is hypomethylated in ER+ breast cancers, potentially leading to its upregulation. Objectives: To further study the role of miR-190b in ER+ breast cancer and to identify its clinically relevant targets in breast cancer. Design: Patient cohort and cell line–based RNA-sequencing analysis. Methods: The Cancer Genome Atlas was used to obtain gene expression data and clinical information on patients with breast cancer. To identify messenger RNA (mRNA) targets for miR-190b, the ER+ breast cancer cell line T-47D was used to immunoprecipitate biotin-labeled miR-190b followed by RNA sequencing. Western blot was used to confirm miR-190b target. Patient survival based on miR-190b and selected target was studied using the Cancer Genome Atlas. Results: In this study, we confirm that miR-190b is overexpressed in breast cancer via differential expression analysis and show that high expression of miR-190b results in more favorable outcomes in Luminal A patients, hazard ratio (HR) = 0.29, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.12-0.71, P = .0063. MicroRNA-190b target analysis identified RING finger and WD repeat domain 3 (RFWD3) as one of miR-190b regulatory targets in ER+ breast cancer. Survival analysis of RFWD3 showed that elevated levels result in poorer overall survival in patients with Luminal A breast cancer (HR = 2.22, 95% CI = 1.33-3.71, P = .002). Gene ontology analysis of our sequencing results indicates that miR-190b may have a role in breast cancer development and/or tumorigenesis and that it may be a suitable tool in characterization between the ER+ subtypes, Luminal A, and Luminal B. Conclusions: We show that miR-190b targets RFWD3 in ER+ breast cancers leading to lower RFWD3 protein expression. Low levels of RFWD3 are associated with better outcomes in patients with Luminal A breast cancer but not in patients with Luminal B breast cancer. These findings provide novel insights into miR-190b role in breast cancer and that its clinical relevance is subtype specific.