bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality of Life and Functioning Impairments Across Psychiatric Disorders in Adults Presenting for Outpatient Psychiatric Evaluation and Treatment
Authors: IsHak Waguih William , Mirocha James , Dang Jonathan , Vanle Brigitte , Metrikin Benjamin , Tessema Kaleab , Danovitch Itai 
Published: April 2024

ObjectivePsychiatric disorders are associated with impairments in quality of life (QOL) and functioning. What remained to be investigated was the comparison of these constructs across psychiatric disorders in treatment‐seeking adults. It was hypothesized that mood disorder patients would endorse worse QOL and functioning at entry into psychiatric outpatient treatment compared to patients with other disorders, and that regardless of diagnosis, severe impairments in QOL and functioning would be endorsed by the majority of the sample (>70%).MethodsData were collected for 2114 adults. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders diagnoses were obtained using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Patients completed measures of QOL (Q‐LES‐Q), functioning (Work and Social Adjustment Scale [WSAS], Sheehan Disability Scale, Endicott Work Productivity Scale), and depression (Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology‐Self Report).ResultsOverall, 70.6% of patients with psychiatric disorders reported severe impairment in QOL and 59.6% of patients reported severe impairment in functioning (per the WSAS). Patients with mood disorders were more likely to report severe impairments in QOL and functioning, compared to patients with other psychiatric disorders. Analysis of variance revealed patients with mood disorders reported significantly lower QOL, worse functioning, and greater depressive symptom severity compared to patients without mood disorders (all p values <0.05).ConclusionsPatients with psychiatric conditions overwhelmingly reported severely impaired QOL and functioning at entry to outpatient treatment. Patients with mood disorders were disproportionately more likely to endorse severely impaired QOL and functioning, particularly those with Major Depressive Disorder, recurrent, and Bipolar Disorder I, depressive episode. Findings suggest that future treatment efforts should focus on interventions that restore QOL and functioning in psychiatric patients, particularly among those with mood disorders.
A Ventral Hernia Management Pathway; A “Getting It Right First Time” approach to Complex Abdominal Wall Reconstruction
Authors: Parker Samuel G. , Joyner James , Thomas Rhys , Van Dellen Jonathan , Mohamed Said , Jakkalasaibaba Ravishankar , Blake Helena , Shanmuganandan Arun , Albadry Waleed , Panascia Julia , Gray William , Vig Stella 
Published: April 2024

Introduction Abdominal wall reconstruction (AWR) is an emerging specialty, involving complex multi-stage operations in patients with high medical and surgical risk. At our hospital, we have developed a growing interest in AWR, with a commitment to improving outcomes through a regular complex hernia MDT. An MDT approach to these patients is increasingly recognized as the path forward in management to optimize patients and improve outcomes. Methods We conducted a literature review and combined this with our experiential knowledge of managing these cases to create a pathway for the management of our abdominal wall patients. This was done under the auspices of GIRFT (Getting It Right First Time) as a quality improvement project at our hospital. Results We describe, in detail, our current AWR pathway, including the checklists and information documents we use with a stepwise evidence and experience-based approach to identifying the multiple factors associated with good outcomes. We explore the current literature and discuss our best practice pathway. Conclusion In this emerging specialty, there is limited guidance on the management of these patients. Our pathway, the “Complex Hernia Bundle,” currently provides guidance for our abdominal wall team and may well be one that could be adopted/adapted by other centers where challenging hernia cases are undertaken.
Learning Curve of a Laparoscopic Pancreaticoduodenectomy Program at a Second Institution
Authors: Martin W. Taylor , Bonds Morgan , Fischer Laura , Morris Katherine T. , Sarwar Zoona , Stewart Kenneth , Garwe Tabitha , Paniccia Alessandro , Schulick Richard D. , Jain Ajay , Edil Barish H. 
Published: April 2024

Background Historically, pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) has been performed via a laparotomy, but increasingly, laparoscopic and robotic platforms are being employed for PD. Laparoscopic PD has a steep surgeon specific learning curve and programmatic elements that must be optimized. These factors may limit a surgeon who is proficient at laparoscopic PD to develop a program at another institution. We hypothesize that the learning curve for a surgeon transferring a program to a second institution is shorter than the initial laparoscopic PD learning curve for the same surgeon. Methods A retrospective review of patients who underwent laparoscopic PD for any indication at the first institution (FI) from 2012 to 2017 and the second institution (SI) from 2018 to 2021 was conducted. Standard statistical analysis was performed. The learning curve was identified using one-sided CUSUM analysis of operative times. Result We identified 110 participants, 90 from the FI and 20 from the SI. More patients at the FI were diagnosed with periampullary adenocarcinoma on final pathology compared to the SI (65.6% vs 40.0%, P = .0132). FI operative times stabilized after the 25th laparoscopic PD and SI operative times stabilized after the 5th operation. No statistically significant difference was identified in postoperative complications. Conclusions The learning curve and average operative time of an SI laparoscopic PD program was shorter than the initial learning curve for a single surgeon with comparable outcomes. This suggests that complex minimally invasive surgical programs can be safely transferred to another high-volume institution without significant loss of progress.
Market Efficiency of Base Metal  Futures in India: An Empirical  Evidence
Authors: Samal Laxmidhar 
Published: April 2024

Base metals are the key input used in different critical industries which are vital to the economy. After lifting the prohibition on commodity futures trading in 2003, there has been a surge in the volume, value and open interest of the commodity futures segment in India. Considering the growth momentums of futures, the article is an attempt to examine the market efficiency of the metal futures in India. The study examines the weak-form market efficiency of different base metal futures contracts traded at Multi Commodity Exchange of India. For the said objective, the study uses fully modified ordinary least square and dynamic ordinary least square methods. The study concludes that there exists a long-run cointegrating relationship between the spot and futures prices of different base metals, and it is found that the base metals futures markets of India are less efficient. The period of the study is limited to 7 years, and the study has considered only near-month contracts. Future research will explore the efficiency of the base metal market of other developing nations. JEL Codes: G13, G14, C58
Leukocyte-Poor Platelet-Rich Plasma as an Adjuvant to Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair Reduces the Retear Rate But Does Not Improve Functional Outcomes: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Rossi Luciano Andres , Gorodischer Tomás David , Camino Pablo , Brandariz Rodrigo Nicolás , Tanoira Ignacio , Piuzzi Nicolás Santiago , Ranalletta Maximiliano 
Published: April 2024

Background: Whether the use of PRP as an adjuvant of rotator cuff repairs leads to improved tendon healing and better functional outcomes remains unclear in clinical evidence. Purpose: The main purpose of this study was to assess whether the use of leukocyte-poor platelet-rich plasma (LP-PRP) as an adjuvant to arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR) decreases the rate of retears compared with a control group. The secondary objective was to analyze whether LP-PRP improves patient-reported outcomes. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1. Methods: This was a double-blind randomized controlled trial at a single center. A consecutive series of 96 patients with rotator cuff tears <3 cm were enrolled and randomly allocated to the control group (double-row suture-bridge ARCR alone [n = 48]) and the PRP group (double-row suture-bridge repair, followed by 1 LP-PRP injection during surgery [n = 48]). The visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, the Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were administered preoperatively and at 6- and 12-month follow-up. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed to evaluate tendon integrity at 6-month follow-up. Both patients and assessors were blinded to the intervention received during surgery. Results: The mean patient age was 56.1 ± 2.98 years. Of the 96 patients, 90 had MRI performed at 6 months after surgery (94% radiological follow-up). The retear rate in the PRP group was 15.2% (7/46 [95% CI, 6%-28%]), which was lower than that in the control group of 34.1% (15/44 [95% CI, 20%-49%]) ( P = .037). Therefore, the risk ratio of ruptures in patients exposed to LP-PRP was 0.44 (95% CI, 0.2-0.9; P = .037). Overall, the ASES, VAS, SANE, and PSQI scores showed a statistical improvement after surgery ( P < .001). There were no significant differences in functional scores between the groups. Most of the patients exceeded the minimal clinically important difference for the ASES, SANE, and VAS without significant differences between the groups. Conclusion: In patients with rotator cuff tears <3 cm undergoing double-row suture-bridge repair, a 5-mL dose of LP-PRP injected at the tendon-bone interface significantly reduced the retear rate. However, the use of LP-PRP in terms of postoperative pain and patient-reported outcomes failed to show clinically meaningful effects. Registration: NCT04703998 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier).
Enrolment of the first paediatric cohort into the Australian lupus registry and biobank: A single-centre experience
Authors: Power Bronwyn D , Kandane-Rathnayake Rangi , Tiller Georgina , Renton William D , Cox Angela , Johnstone Lilian , Hoi Alberta , Gowdie Peter 
Published: April 2024

Introduction We aim to report on the feasibility of establishment of the first paediatric cohort as part of the longitudinal database of the Australian Lupus Registry and Biobank (ALRB) and to describe the enrolment data with a focus on clinical characteristics, serological data, treatment strategies and patient/parent-reported outcome measures. Methods All patients under the age of 18 years with a diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) attending the paediatric rheumatology service of a single, tertiary hospital were identified. Patients were enrolled in the ALRB if they met ≥4/11 of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) 1997 SLE classification criteria or the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC) 2012 classification criteria. Enrolment data including demographics, clinical characteristics, serological profiles, disease activity and damage assessments were recorded. Peds-QL Rheumatology and General Modules were used to assess patient and parent-reported outcomes. Results Twenty-seven patients were eligible for inclusion, with 26 patients (96%) consenting for enrolment. Twenty-five patients (92%) consented for biobanking. Twenty patients (77%) were female. The median age at enrolment was 16 years (interquartile range (IQR) 13.7, 17.4). The median disease duration from diagnosis was 3.2 years (IQR 1.4, 5.3). Sixteen patients (62%) had synovitis, 16 (62%) had cutaneous involvement, 4 (15%) had serositis, 17 (65%) had haematological involvement and 7 (27%) had renal involvement at enrolment. Nineteen patients (73%) were prescribed at least two disease-modifying anti-rheumatic medications (DMARDs). Hydroxychloroquine ( n = 22, 85%) and mycophenolate mofetil ( n = 9, 35%) were the most commonly prescribed DMARDs. The median SLEDAI-2K score was 2 (IQR 2, 4). Six patients (23%) had active disease (SLEDAI-2K ≥6) at enrolment. Three patients (11.5%) had reported damage using the SLICC/ACR Damage Index. Twenty-three children (88%) and eighteen parents (69%) completed the Paediatric Quality of Life Inventory. Quality of life scores reported across domains of physical, emotional, social and school functioning at enrolment were comparable to previously studied paediatric cohorts with SLE and other chronic diseases. Conclusion We have established our centre as the first paediatric participating site of the ALRB, providing contemporary data on the clinical characteristics, serological profile and health-related quality of life outcomes of Australian children with SLE. Paediatric involvement with this national registry will provide a unique perspective for future clinical and scientific research. Collection of Australian-specific paediatric longitudinal data will also enable a broader understanding of SLE within a multicultural Australian population.
Timing and Substrate of Enteral Feeding as Risk Factors for Developing Retinopathy of Prematurity
Authors: Anderson-Berry Ann , Yu Yinxi , Thoene Melissa , Ying Gui-Shuang , Tomlinson Lauren A. , Binenbaum Gil ,   on behalf of the G-ROP Study Group
Published: April 2024

Objective Enteral feeding has advantages over parenteral nutrition, so the objective is to evaluate the effects of timing and substrate of enteral feeding on the risk of developing retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Study Design Retrospective cohort study of 7,483 premature infants undergoing ROP examinations at 29 North American and Canadian hospitals, 2006–2012 (The G-ROP Study). Multivariable regression evaluated associations between enteral feeding by week of life and any or severe ROP, adjusting for birth weight and gestational age. Results 3,224 (43.1%) had ROP and 931(12.4%) severe ROP. Compared to no enteral feeding, any enteral feeding was independently protective for ROP in all weeks 1–6; odds ratios 0.50–0.74 ( P < .0001 to P < .02) for any ROP and 0.43–0.59 ( P < .02 to P = .0001) for SEVERE ROP. Conclusion In this cohort, any substrate of enteral feeding during each of the first SIX weeks of life was associated with lower odds of ROP and severe ROP.
Dependency distance reflects L2 processing difficulty: Evidence from the relationship between dependency distance, L2 processing speed, and L2 proficiency
Authors: Gao Jianmin , Sun Peijian Paul 
Published: April 2024

Aims and objectives: This study aims to investigate whether dependency distance (DD) can reflect L2 processing difficulty by exploring the relationship between DD, L2 processing speed, and L2 proficiency. Methodology: The sentences in a maze task were annotated based on dependency syntax to indicate L2 processing difficulty. The maze task then was used to capture the word-level and sentence-level processing speed. The task was successfully performed by 62 Chinese learners of English, who were assigned into an intermediate-level group and an advanced-level group according to their scores on an elicited imitation task (EIT) and a vocabulary and grammar test. Data and analysis: Reaction time (RT) data of processing word-level and sentence-level items were collected from the maze task. The DD-based estimates of word-level and sentence-level processing difficulty were calculated. Generalized linear regression models (GLMs) were employed to inspect the relationship between the DD-based estimate of processing difficulty, L2 processing speed, and L2 proficiency. Findings: Our results showed that DD significantly predicted L2 processing speed at both word and sentence levels, irrespective of participants’ L2 proficiency. As DD increased, advanced learners’ word-level processing time grew significantly slower than that of intermediate learners. Originality: Using psycholinguistic experiments, the study is one of the first attempts to empirically validate the effectiveness of DD in capturing L2 processing difficulty. Significance: Our findings suggest that DD is useful in predicting L2 processing difficulty, and the extent to which learners are able to efficiently process dependencies with increasing distance can differentiate their L2 proficiency levels.
Resin infiltration for white spot lesions: An in vitro experimental trial
Authors: Park Hahnnah , Hong Sandy , Chrzan Brian , Al-Talib Tanya , Abubakr Neamat Hassan 
Published: April 2024

Objective: To evaluate the aesthetic outcome by varying the duration allowed for infiltrant penetration when treating white spot lesions with resin infiltration. Design: An in vitro, experimental randomised study. Methods: Artificially created white spot lesions (WSLs) were induced on 100 extracted anterior teeth (T1). Teeth were divided into enamel and dentine groups depending on the extent of the lesion and then randomly assigned into different treatment protocol groups: penetration times of 3, 6 and 9 min. Resin infiltration treatment was applied according to the treatment protocol assigned (T2). Samples were thermocycled for 10,000 cycles (1 clinical year) (T3). The samples from the 3-min enamel and dentine groups were then randomly assigned into either a repeat treatment or no additional treatment group (T4). Samples were then thermocycled for an additional 10,000 cycles (T5). Spectrophotometric analysis was measured colour change (ΔE) for all groups. Results: Mean ΔE values equal to or greater than the critical value (3.7) indicate a detectable clinical difference in colour of the treated WSL when compared to before WSL formation. Mean ΔE values, for the enamel groups, were slightly above or significantly below the critical value, and for the dentine groups, were significantly above the critical value. Mean ΔE values within the enamel and dentine groups both demonstrated a downward trend with increasing time allowed for resin infiltrant penetration ( P < 0.05). No significant mean ΔE difference ( P = 0.53) was found between groups that received a single or repeat treatment. After the first thermocycling event, no significant difference in colour change was observed in all groups except for the deep dentine lesion treated for 3 min. There was a significant difference in colour change for all groups except the enamel group that received a single treatment following thermocycling after a single or repeat treatment. Conclusion: Increasing the resin infiltrant penetration time to at least 9 min is advised as the most optimised treatment protocol. Resin infiltration treatment should be done only once to treat a particular white spot lesion as subsequent treatment for the same lesion results in marginal colour improvement. The colour improvement of WSLs resulting from the resin infiltration treatment can be expected to last for at least 1 year. Resin infiltration treatment of shallow lesions with a single and optimised infiltration technique can be expected to last an additional year.
A pilot study: Exploring suicidal ideation among non-offending adults with sexual attraction to minors, through their online forum posts
Authors: Murphy Rachel 
Published: April 2024

Summary An emerging field of research seeks to understand the experiences of non-offending adults who experience sexual attraction towards children. Research indicates that this largely hidden population can experience significant mental ill health and suicidal ideation, yet are reluctant to seek professional mental health support. Furthermore, mental ill health has been identified as a factor that can increase the likelihood of offending. This study, undertaken by a social work practitioner researcher, aimed to assist in understanding suicidality factors within this population, and to identify how statutory mental health services could be developed for this client group, thus contributing to child protection and suicide prevention agendas. A qualitative analysis was undertaken of data gathered from an online forum used by adults who have sexual attraction towards children, and are committed to non-offending. The data related to forum members’ experiences of suicidality, and key themes were identified through thematic analysis. Findings The study found that a pattern of suicidal ideation commonly appears to manifest and identified risk and protective factors that can influence suicidality. The benefits of peer support and the strengths and limitations of professional support were also identified. Applications The findings from this study contribute to an improved understanding of this client group for mental health practitioners. The findings also lay the foundation for further investigations, to inform the development of mental health services to facilitate improved outcomes for this client group, and for child protection.
Management of claudicants with low toe-brachial index in a Veteran population
Authors: Bromenshenkel Drew , Quint Clay 
Published: April 2024

Introduction Intermittent claudication includes a wide spectrum of peripheral artery disease ranging from asymptomatic with reduced perfusion to lifestyle-limiting atherosclerotic disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the management of claudicants with a low toe-brachial index (TBI). Methods This study was a retrospective review of consecutive patients that presented in 2015 with claudication and a low TBI (<0.6) monitored over 5 years. The patient demographics, co-morbidities, and vascular-related characteristics (ankle-brachial index, TBI, calcified vessels, and wounds) were collected. The patients were separated into two cohorts: diabetics and non-diabetics. The outcomes included progression to chronic limb threatening ischemia (CLTI), interventions (endovascular or open), minor amputations, major amputations, and mortality. Results A total of 184 patients with 356 limbs were identified as claudicants with a low TBI, and there were 103 diabetics with 81 non-diabetics. The ABI and TBI were similar between the diabetics and non-diabetics, but the diabetics had a significantly higher number of calcified vessels ( p < .001) and progression to CLTI ( p < .001). The time to revascularization and number of patients that had a revascularization procedure were similar between the two groups, and nearly half of the revascularization procedures were performed within the first 6 months. The major amputation rate trended higher in the diabetic population, and there was a statistically significantly higher rate of minor amputations in the diabetics over the 5 years (Log-rank, p < .001). There was no difference in 5-year survival between diabetics and non-diabetics, and the overall 5-year mortality was 34%. Conclusion Patients presenting with claudication and low TBI, especially with diabetes, are at a higher risk to develop chronic limb threatening ischemia. Claudicants with a low TBI should have closer follow-up and more aggressive risk factor modification to reduce long-term mortality.