bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experiences of Clients and Professionals with the Recovery Oriented Intake
Authors: Engelsbel Fabiana , Waterhout Nanette , Dijkstra Marty , Keet René , Nugter Annet 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe Recovery Oriented Intake (ROI) integrates recovery principles from the start of treatment, and involves peer experts, unlike the intake as usual (IAU). This study compared experiences with ROI and IAU among 127 clients and 391 professionals, consisting of practitioners and peer experts. Intake’s quality, measured with questionnaires, showed no differences in experiences between ROI and IAU clients. However, practitioners experienced ROI as more recovery-oriented than IAU. The ROI Fidelity Check (RFC) revealed that clients’ RFC-scores, but not practitioners’, predicted their valuation of intake’s quality. This underscores the need for (re)training and peer supervision for professionals to ensure adherence to ROI’s principles. Discrepancies between clients’ and professionals’ experiences at the start of treatment are consistent with literature on working alliance and Shared Decision Making (SDM). Differences between ROI and IAU professionals may stem from heightened awareness of recovery principles due to training and the presence of peer experts during intake.
Antihypertensive drug targets and breast cancer risk: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zheng Guoqiao , Chattopadhyay Subhayan , Sundquist Jan , Sundquist Kristina , Ji Jianguang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFindings on the correlation between the use of antihypertensive medication and the risk of breast cancer (BC) have been inconsistent. We performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) using instrumental variables to proxy changes in gene expressions of antihypertensive medication targets to interrogate this. Genetic instruments for expression of antihypertensive drug target genes were identified with expression quantitative trait loci in blood, which should be associated with systolic blood pressure to proxy for the effect of antihypertensive drug. The association between genetic variants and BC risk were obtained from genome-wide association study summary statistics. The summary-based MR was employed to estimate the drug effects on BC risk. We further performed sensitivity analyses to confirm the discovered MR associations such as assessment of horizontal pleiotropy, colocalization, and multiple tissue enrichment analyses. The overall BC risk was only associated with SLC12A2 gene expression at a Bonferroni-corrected threshold. One standard deviation (SD) decrease of SLC12A2 gene expression in blood was associated with a decrease of 1.12 (95%CI, 0.80–1.58) mmHg of systolic blood pressure, but a 16% increased BC risk (odds ratio, 1.16, 95% confidential interval, 1.06–1.28). This signal was further observed for estrogen receptor positive (ER +) BC (1.17, 1.06–1.28). In addition, one SD decrease in expression of PDE1B in blood was associated with 7% decreased risk of ER + BC (0.93, 0.90–0.97). We detected no evidence of horizontal pleiotropy for these associations and the probability of the causal variants being shared between the gene expression and BC risk was 81.5, 40.5 and 66.8%, respectively. No significant association was observed between other target gene expressions and BC risk. Changes in expression of SLC12A2 and PDE1B mediated possibly via antihypertensive drugs may result in increased and decreased BC risk, respectively.
Can societal and ethical implications of precision microbiome engineering be applied to the built environment? A systematic review of the literature
Authors: Hardwick Andrew , Cummings Christopher , Graves Joseph , Kuzma Jennifer 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe goal of engineering the microbiome of the built environment is to create places and spaces that are better for human health. Like other emerging technologies, engineering the microbiome of the built environment may bring considerable benefits but there has been a lack of exploration on its societal implication and how to engineer in an ethical way. To date, this topic area has also not been pulled together into a singular study for any systematic review or analysis. This study fills this gap by providing the first a systematic review of societal and ethical implications of engineering microbiomes and the application of this knowledge to engineering the microbiome of the built environment. To organize and guide our analysis, we invoked four major ethical principles (individual good/non-maleficence, collective good/beneficence, autonomy, and justice) as a framework for characterizing and categorizing 15 distinct themes that emerged from the literature. We argue that these different themes can be used to explain and predict the social and ethical implications of engineering the microbiome of the built environment that if addressed adequately can help to improve public health as this field further develops at global scales.
Moral sensitivity and the limits of artificial moral agents
Authors: Graff Joris 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMachine ethics is the field that strives to develop ‘artificial moral agents’ (AMAs), artificial systems that can autonomously make moral decisions. Some authors have questioned the feasibility of machine ethics, by questioning whether artificial systems can possess moral competence, or the capacity to reach morally right decisions in various situations. This paper explores this question by drawing on the work of several moral philosophers (McDowell, Wiggins, Hampshire, and Nussbaum) who have characterised moral competence in a manner inspired by Aristotle. Although disparate in many ways, these philosophers all emphasise what may be called ‘moral sensitivity’ as a precondition for moral competence. Moral sensitivity is the uncodified, practical skill to recognise, in a range of situations, which features of the situations are morally relevant, and how they are relevant. This paper argues that the main types of AMAs currently proposed are incapable of full moral sensitivity. First, top-down AMAs that proceed from fixed rule-sets are too rigid to respond appropriately to the wide range of qualitatively unique factors that moral sensitivity gives access to. Second, bottom-up AMAs that learn moral behaviour from examples are at risk of generalising from these examples in undesirable ways, as they lack embedding in what Wittgenstein calls a ‘form of life’, which allows humans to appropriately learn from moral examples. The paper concludes that AMAs are unlikely to possess full moral competence, but closes by suggesting that they may still be feasible in restricted domains of public morality, where moral sensitivity plays a smaller role.
Oil or geopolitical issues? : Quantitative rethinking of political instability in the Middle East and North Africa
Authors: Fukutomi Mitsuhisa 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe Middle East and North Africa are one of the most conflict-prone regions. Due to its geopolitical position and oil production, the Middle East has always been the trump card in the game, both before World War II and during the Cold War, still today. Why do wars persist in the Middle East? Why has the situation in the Middle East deteriorated to this extent? Is rentier economics always a vital variable explaining political instability in the Middle East? After empirically analyzing the causes of political instability in the Middle East using various data, the study suggests that the experience of being a colony of Britain, France, and Italy hurt society and that the critical geographic location between the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cold War suffered various harmful effects. On the other hand, the result also shows that manufacturing weakness due to the oil economy, high unemployment rates, and lack of democracy are all critical explanatory variables for political instability. Since the 2000s, the United States has increased its energy self-sufficiency rate through the shale oil and gas revolution. The Middle East is an option for the United States to buy oil. On the other hand, the Middle East is essential for the United States to export weapons. The Middle East has faced a geopolitical crisis in recent years due to these factors.
Inhibition of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Improves Chronic Ischemic Hippocampal Damage Associated with Suppression of IRE1α/TRAF2/ASK1/JNK-Dependent Apoptosis
Authors: Kang Kai , Chen Shu-Hui , Wang Da-Peng , Chen Feng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractChronic cerebral ischemia is a complex form of stress, of which the most common hemodynamic characteristic is chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH). Lasting endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress can drive neurological disorders. Targeting ER stress shows potential neuroprotective effects against stroke. However, the role of ER stress in CCH pathological processes and the effects of targeting ER stress on brain ischemia are unclear. Here, a CCH rat model was established by bilateral common carotid artery occlusion. Rats were treated with 4-PBA, URB597, or both for 4 weeks. Neuronal morphological damage was detected using hematoxylin–eosin staining. The expression levels of the ER stress–ASK1 cascade-related proteins GRP78, IRE1α, TRAF2, CHOP, Caspase-12, ASK1, p-ASK1, JNK, and p-JNK were assessed by Western blot. The mRNA levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and iNOS were assessed by RT-PCR. For oxygen–glucose deprivation experiments, mouse hippocampal HT22 neurons were used. Apoptosis of the hippocampus and HT22 cells was detected by TUNEL staining and Annexin V-FITC analysis, respectively. CCH evoked ER stress with increased expression of GRP78, IRE1α, TRAF2, CHOP, and Caspase-12. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments confirmed the interaction between TRAF2 and ASK1. ASK1/JNK signaling, inflammatory cytokines, and neuronal apoptosis were enhanced, accompanied by persistent ER stress; these were reversed by 4-PBA and URB597. Furthermore, the ASK1 inhibitor GS4997 and 4-PBA displayed synergistic anti-apoptotic effects in cells with oxygen–glucose deprivation. In summary, ER stress-induced apoptosis in CCH is associated with the IRE1α/TRAF2/ASK1/JNK signaling pathway. Targeting the ER stress–ASK1 cascade could be a novel therapeutic approach for ischemic cerebrovascular diseases.
Investigating Methods for ASPmT-Based Design Space Exploration in Evolutionary Product Design
Authors: Müller Luise , Wanko Philipp , Haubelt Christian , Schaub Torsten 
Published: February 2024

AbstractNowadays, product development is challenged by increasing system complexity and stringent time-to-market. To handle the demanding market requirements, knowledge from prior product generations is used to derive new, but partially similar product versions. The concept of product generation engineering, hence, allows manufacturers to release high-quality products within short development times. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a novel approach to evaluate the similarity of two product implementations based on the concept of the Hamming distance. This allows the usage of similarity information in various heuristics as well as in strategies and thus, to improve the product design process. In a wide set of cases, we investigate the quality and similarity of design points. In the experiments, the use of strategies leads to significantly short searching times, but also tends to be too restrictive in certain cases. Simultaneously, the quality of the solutions found in the heuristic design space exploration has been shown to be as good or better than for the search from scratch and considerably closer solutions as part of the non-dominated solution front have been found.
Live storage of kelp under stressful conditions led to higher iodine reductions during subsequent blanching
Authors: Blikra Marthe Jordbrekk , Skipnes Dagbjørn 
Published: February 2024

AbstractKelp growers and the food industry, as well as food researchers, are currently finding methods for controlling the iodine content of kelp intended for food as this is one of the major obstacles to entering a profitable market. Kelps are rich sources of dietary iodine since iodine is up-concentrated in algal tissue and utilized as an inorganic antioxidant during exposure to stress. As kelp contains much more iodine than any other food source, it is warranted to reduce the amount of iodine in the biomass prior to consumption, since both iodine deficiency and excess can cause health problems. Iodine is typically removed post-harvest using traditional methods such as blanching. In the present work, we attempted to utilize inherent stressors, i.e., intermediate storage (3 days) with high light exposure and low turnover of water, to reduce the iodine content prior to processing. Furthermore, we assessed the effect on subsequent blanching, comparing samples stored in tanks and not stored samples. The iodine content was slightly reduced when comparing storage to no storage, but in most cases not significantly so. However, after subsequent blanching, there was a pronounced added reduction for stored samples (87 % reduction) compared to not stored samples (80 % reduction). Although the differences are smaller than we expected, our research shows that using post-harvest intermediate storage of kelp may alter the iodine content post-processing. Fine-tuning the stressors and conditions could lead to new possibilities for iodine reduction.
Strands of connection: unraveling livestock grazing effects on orb-weaver spiders
Authors: Oyarzabal Guilherme , Guimarães Murilo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractStudies on the effects of grazing disturbances in grasslands have shown mixed results for spider diversity, mainly regarding their guilds. While ungrazing, low, and moderate grazing potentially enhance the diversity of orb-weavers in spider communities, heavy grazing seems to reduce species’ richness. On the population level though, studies of orb-weavers are scarce, and the effects of grazing in natural grasslands are unknown. In this way, we investigated the effects of different grazing levels on population persistence of orb-weaver spiders, hypothesizing that low to intermediate disturbances benefit populations. We predict that high grazing, due to the removal of vegetation structure, will negatively affect the occupancy and abundance of orb-weavers. For that, we experimentally controlled grazing pressure and obtained population occurrence and counts of two orb-weaver spider species, Argiope argentata and Alpaida quadrilorata. We found that A. argentata was negatively affected by grazing, as it relies on higher vegetation for web-building. In contrast, A. quadrilorata, which occurs in cattle-resistant rosette plants, showed no effects of grazing. Implications for insect conservation: Our study emphasizes the need for balanced grazing practices and habitat conservation to protect orb-weaver spiders and other arthropods, as well as species-specific effects for species from the same guild, underscoring their ecological significance in maintaining ecosystem stability.
Technical language processing for Prognostics and Health Management: applying text similarity and topic modeling to maintenance work orders
Authors: Sundaram Sarvesh , Zeid Abe 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Modern manufacturing paradigms have incorporated Prognostics and Health Management (PHM) to implement data-driven methods for fault detection, failure prediction, and assessment of system health. The maintenance operation has similarly benefitted from these advancements, and predictive maintenance is now being used across the industry. Despite these developments, most of the approaches in maintenance rely on numerical data from sensors and field devices for any sort of analysis. Text data from Maintenance Work Orders (MWOs) contain some of the most crucial information pertaining to the functioning of systems and components, but are still regarded as ‘black holes’, i.e., they store valuable data without being used in decision-making. The analysis of this data can help save time and costs in maintenance. While Natural Language Processing (NLP) methods have been very successful in understanding and examining text data from non-technical sources, progress in the analysis of technical text data has been limited. Non-technical text data are usually structured and consist of standardized vocabularies allowing the use of out-of-the-box language processing methods in their analysis. On the other hand, records from MWOs are often semi-structured or unstructured; and consist of complicated terminologies, technical jargon, and industry-specific abbreviations. Deploying traditional NLP to such data can result in an imprecise and flawed analysis which can be very costly. Owing to these challenges, we propose a Technical Language Processing (TLP) framework for PHM. To illustrate its capabilities, we use text data from MWOs of aircraft to address two scenarios. First, we predict corrective actions for new maintenance problems by comparing them with existing problems using syntactic and semantic textual similarity matching and evaluate the results with cosine similarity scores. In the second scenario, we identify and extract the most dominant topics and salient terms from the data using Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA). Using the results, we are able to successfully link maintenance problems to standardized maintenance codes used in the aviation industry.
Microstructure evolution, dielectric response, and conduction mechanism of La1–xYxFeO3, (0 < x < 0.3) annealed perovskites synthesized via a sol–gel combustion technique
Authors: Ibrahim Ahmed H. , Mosaad S. , Elesh E. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe structural and dielectric characteristics of nano-crystalline La1−xYxFeO3, (0 < x < 0.3) perovskite samples synthesized through the citrate auto-combustion route were investigated. The findings of X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that the synthesized perovskites exhibited a polycrystalline orthorhombic structure with a space group Pnma. Furthermore, the tolerance factor was indicative of the phase stability of the orthoferrite series. Based on the refined XRD data, the size of the crystallites was estimated to be between 11.9 and 18.5 nm using size-strain plots (SSP). To gain more insight into the crystal structure, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) was employed. The estimated size based on HRTEM calculations agreed with the XRD findings. The influence of annealing temperature on the frequency dependence of the dielectric response was thoroughly investigated for nano-crystalline La1−xYxFeO3 perovskites. The investigation took place at room temperature as well as different annealing temperatures, with a comprehensive frequency range of 50 Hz to ~ 2 MHz. The incorporation of Y3+ ions into LaFeO3 (LFO) has resulted in a significant enhancement of the dielectric constant values. This improvement is attributed to the successful integration of Y3+ ions, which have effectively modified the electrical properties of LFO. Furthermore, the annealing has been shown to enhance both the values of the dielectric constant, ε1(ω) and ε2(ω), which are critical parameters for electronic devices. Based on a power law response, the AC conductivity displays an increase with dopant concentration and frequency. Additionally, it has been noted that the activation energy value for LFOY30 is slightly reduced by 0.01 eV in comparison to pure LFO. The AC conductivity of LFOY30 was observed to increase with thermal annealing over the temperature range of 333 K to 463 K. This result confirms the occurrence of thermally activated conduction in the material. Based on this finding, LFOY30 is deemed appropriate for use in applications that require effective heat dissipation. The frequency exponent, s, decreases with increasing temperature from 0.87 to 0.56 for LFO and from 0.488 to 0.42 for LFOY30, respectively, which is associated with the correlated barrier hopping (CBH) model. The maximum barrier height (WM) was around 0.26 eV. The loss tangent (tanδ) variation was estimated as a function of frequency at different dopant concentrations and temperatures. Doping and annealing have been identified as appropriate measures for enhancing the electrical properties of the La1−xYxFeO3 system, thereby making it a useful material for electronic devices.
Anticipated Motives for Gambling Treatment in Adults from the U.S.
Authors: Grant Weinandy Jennifer T. , Connolly Alexander , Floyd Christopher , Kraus Shane W. , Grubbs Joshua B. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPrior works note that identifying problematic play is a leading barrier to treatment seeking, contributing to low treatment rates in those with gambling problems (e.g., Bijker et al., 2022; Suurvali et al., 2012a). While research has looked at treatment seekers’ motives for treatment (Gainsbury et al., 2014; Suurvali et al., 2012b), the situations or signs (anticipated motives) individuals look for that suggest they would need treatment in the future remains unknown. Participants were gamblers (N = 1,791) from a census-matched U.S. sample of adults who reported no concerns about their gambling. Participants completed questions assessing how much money they would have to lose while gambling to think they might have a problem and what factors might motivate them to pursue treatment for gambling problems in the future. Participants reported a wide range of financial loss that would suggest they had a problem, and higher income men who gambled more frequently reported higher necessary losses. There was little variation in endorsement (40–60%) of 14 situations that may lead them to seek treatment in the future (e.g., felt guilty). However, income, gender identity, and problem gambling behavior were linked to the endorsement of some of these anticipated motives, with some differences in endorsement between those engaging in high- and low-level problem gambling. Collectively, results are consistent with the inference that many individuals may not be aware of what problematic gambling would look like for them, though income, gender identity, and problem gambling behavior may impact their consideration of anticipated motives.
Reciprocal Relations Between Meaning in Life, Beneficence, and Psychological Needs for Autonomy, Competence, and Relatedness: Evidence from a Three-Wave Longitudinal Study
Authors: Martela Frank , Unanue Jesús , Gómez Marcos , Unanue Wenceslao 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMeaning in life has been established as a key factor of human well-being and flourishing. Beneficence and the three psychological needs of self-determination theory—﻿autonomy, competence, and relatedness—have all been individually studied as antecedents of meaningfulness. Yet, no previous research has examined them neither longitudinally nor simultaneously as predictors of meaning over time. In a three-wave longitudinal study in Chile (n: T1 = 1477, T2 = 820, T3 = 487) we examined the reciprocal relations between autonomy, competence, relatedness, beneficence, and meaning, using cross-lagged panel analysis. Taken individually, each of the four factors predicted meaning, and when entered simultaneously into the same model, competence, relatedness, and beneficence predicted meaning over time. Furthermore, we found that meaning predicted all four factors over time. Our results thus advance research on meaning in life by examining key predictors of it and showing that meaning itself predicts the same factors dynamically over time.