bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of topical povidone‐iodine resulting in an iododerma‐like eruption
Authors: MASSÉ Maureen , FALANGA Vincent , ZHOU Linda Hua 
Published: November 2008

ABSTRACTIododerma is a rare skin eruption that is usually induced by the systemic use of iodide‐containing radiographic contrast medium or treatment with oral potassium iodide therapy. Iododerma has also rarely been reported to occur following topical application of iodine. We herein report the case of a 42‐year‐old male who developed multiple pinpoint pustules on both lower extremities. Three days after the eruption began, the patient started applying topical 10% povidone‐iodine solution to the lesions. During this treatment, the lesions enlarged into multiple 2–9‐cm pus‐filled bullae, limited to the treated areas. Lesional bacterial culture swab and Gram stain were negative. Blood cultures were also negative and the patient's white blood cell count was normal. A punch biopsy specimen revealed pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia and dermal‐epidermal separation with epidermal necrosis and underlying abscess formation. A superficial and deep perivascular, interstitial and perifollicular infiltrate containing numerous neutrophils, with abscess formation and eosinophils was also seen. This histology was consistent with iododerma and the patient's lesions involuted following cessation of topical iodine use, leaving only post‐inflammatory hyperpigmentation. In summary, our patient likely had a folliculitis that was then treated with topical povidone‐iodine that led to iododerma. Although it remains possible that the reaction was an unusual contact hypersensitivity response, the ulceration, pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia and abscess formation do support an iododerma‐like eruption.
Transition of psoriasiform drug eruption to psoriasis de novo evidenced by histopathology
Authors: YAMAMOTO Mayuko , IKEDA Mitsunori , KODAMA Hajime , SANO Shigetoshi 
Published: November 2008

ABSTRACTDrug reaction can be one of the triggering factors either for exacerbation of pre‐existing psoriasis or precipitation of psoriasis de novo. Herein, we report a case with psoriasiform drug eruption due to pravastatin, but it relapsed after discontinuance of the drug. Serial investigation of the histopathology and immunohistochemistry with anti‐signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) revealed drug reaction‐associated lesions intermingled with psoriasiform changes, which later predominated, suggesting a conversion into psoriasis de novo.
Linear IgA dermatosis: Report of an infantile case and analysis of 213 cases in Japan
Authors: HORIGUCHI Yuji , IKOMA Akihiko , SAKAI Rie , MASATSUGU Asako , OHTA Miyuki , HASHIMOTO Takashi 
Published: November 2008

ABSTRACTA 3‐year‐old boy presented with multiple vesicles, showing a rosette‐like arrangement around the crusts. Histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations demonstrated subepidermal blistering with neutrophilic infiltration associated with deposition of IgA, but not IgG, linearly distributed along the basement membrane zone (BMZ) of the epidermis. Indirect immunofluorescence revealed circulating antibodies (IgA class, ×160) against the BMZ of guinea pig lip skin. Based on the diagnosis of linear IgA dermatosis (LAD) of childhood, administration of dexamethasone (2 mg/day) was started, and the eruptions diminished immediately. Western blot analysis using extract of the HaCaT cell as a substrate, demonstrated the corresponding antigen at 120‐kDa molecular weight. There have been 213 cases of LAD reported in Japan including conference abstracts and these were studied to determine whether infantile cases differed from adult ones, and whether cases associated with IgG as well as IgA (IgA/G type), differed from the cases associated with IgA only (IgA type). IgG contributed less frequently to the infantile type (age of onset, ≤15 years) than to the adult type (age of onset, ≥16 years). Clinical appearance did not show any obvious difference between the IgA/G type and IgA type. However, three‐quarters of cases showing localization of antigen to the dermal side were the IgA/G type.
Sleep-dependent activity of T cells and regulatory T cells
Authors: Bollinger T , Bollinger A , Skrum L , Dimitrov S , Lange T , Solbach W 
Published: November 2008

SummaryA number of immunological functions are dependent on circadian rhythms and regular sleep. This has impact on the type and magnitude of immune responses following antigenic challenge, for example in vaccination. Little is known about the underlying mechanisms. One possibility may be the circadian and sleep-dependent modulation of CD4+CD25- T cell responses by CD4+CD25+ natural regulatory T cells (nTreg). In a variety of studies, nTreg have been shown to regulate T cell responses negatively. Thus, we investigated the influence of sleep and circadian rhythm on the number and function of nTreg as well as on the function of CD4+CD25- T cells. Seven healthy young men were examined under defined conditions on two occasions, i.e. during sleep and sleep deprivation. Venous blood was drawn periodically; numbers of nTreg, suppressive activity of nTreg, interleukin-2 production and proliferation of CD4+CD25- T cells were explored in vitro. nTreg counts revealed a significant circadian rhythm with highest levels during the night (mean 95 nTreg/µl) and lowest levels during the day (mean 55 nTreg/µl). During normal sleep, the suppressive activity of nTreg was highest at 02.00 h and somewhat lower at 15.00 h. Surprisingly, almost no suppressive activity was present at 07.00 h. Deprivation of sleep abrogated this rhythm. CD4+CD25– T cell proliferation was dampened significantly by sleep deprivation. This is the first study in human cells to show that nTreg number and function follow a rhythm across the 24-h period. Furthermore, sleep deprivation severely disturbs the functional rhythm of nTreg and CD4+CD25– T cells.
Nursing practice, knowledge, attitudes and perceived barriers to evidence‐based practice at an academic medical center
Authors: Brown Caroline E. , Wickline Mary A. , Ecoff Laurie , Glaser Dale 
Published: November 2008

AbstractTitle.  Nursing practice, knowledge, attitudes and perceived barriers to evidence‐based practice at an academic medical center. Aim.  This paper is a report of a study to describe nurses’ practices, knowledge, and attitudes related to evidence‐based nursing, and the relation of perceived barriers to and facilitators of evidence‐based practice.Background.  Evidence‐based practice has been recognized by the healthcare community as the gold standard for the provision of safe and compassionate healthcare. Barriers and facilitators for the adoption of evidence‐based practice in nursing have been identified by researchers. Healthcare organizations have been challenged to foster an environment conducive to providing care based on evidence and not steeped in ritualized practice.Methods.  A descriptive, cross‐sectional research study was conducted in 2006–2007 with a convenience sample of 458 nurses at an academic medical center in California (response rate 44·68%). Two reliable and valid questionnaires were electronically formatted and administered using a secured website. Relationships between responses to the two instruments were examined and results compared with previously published data.Results.  Organizational barriers (lack of time and lack of nursing autonomy) were the top perceived barriers. Facilitators were learning opportunities, culture building, and availability and simplicity of resources. Statistically significant correlations were found between barriers and practice, knowledge and attitudes related to evidence‐based practice.Conclusion.  Similar barriers to the adoption of evidence‐based practice have been identified internationally. Educators must work with managers to address organizational barriers and proactively support evidence‐based practice.
The influence of bonding agents in improving interactionsin composite propellants determined using image analysis
Authors: DOSTANIĆ J. , HUSOVIĆ T.V. , UŠĆUMLIĆ G. , HEINEMANN R.J. , MIJIN D. 
Published: November 2008

SummaryBinder–oxidizer interactions in rocket composite propellants can be improved using adequate bonding agents. In the present work, the effectiveness of different 1,3,5‐trisubstituted isocyanurates was determined by stereo and metallographic microscopy and using the software package Image‐Pro Plus. The chemical analysis of samples was performed by a scanning electron microscope equipped for energy dispersive spectrometry.
Particle size analysis: 90Y and 99mTc‐labelled colloids
Authors: JANKOVIĆ D. , MAKSIN T. , DJOKIĆ D. , MILONJIĆ S. , NIKOLIĆ N. , MIRKOVIĆ M. , VRANJEŠ‐DJURIĆ S. 
Published: November 2008

SummaryColloidal particle size is an important characteristic to consider when choosing a radiopharmaceutical for diagnosis and therapeutic purposes in nuclear medicine. Photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to determine the particle‐size distribution of 90Y‐ and 99mTc‐labelled antimony trisulfide (Sb2S3) and tin colloids (Sn‐colloid). 90Y‐Sb2S3 and 99mTc‐Sb2S3 were found to have a diameter of 28.92 ± 0.14 and 35.61 ± 0.11 nm, respectively, by PCS. By TEM, 90Y‐Sb2S3 particles were measured to be 14.33 ± 0.09 nm. 90Y‐labelled Sn colloid were found to exist with a dv(max1) of 805 nm and a dv(max2) of 2590 nm, by PCS, whereas 99mTc‐Sn colloid was shown to have more than 80% of radioactive particles of approximately 910 nm by PCS. For 90Y‐labelled Sb2S3 and Sn colloid, a comparison of TEM and PCS indicates that these techniques found significantly different mean diameters. TEM has an excellent resolution necessary for radiocolloid particle‐sizing analysis, and it is a desirable size‐measuring technique because it is more reliable than PCS.
HvLsi1 is a silicon influx transporter in barley
Authors: Chiba Yukako , Mitani Namiki , Yamaji Naoki , Ma Jian Feng 
Published: November 2008

SummaryMost plants accumulate silicon in their bodies, and this is thought to be important for resistance against biotic and abiotic stresses; however, the molecular mechanisms for Si uptake and accumulation are poorly understood. Here, we describe an Si influx transporter, HvLsi1, in barley. This protein is homologous to rice influx transporter OsLsi1 with 81% identity, and belongs to a Nod26‐like major intrinsic protein sub‐family of aquaporins. Heterologous expression in both Xenopus laevis oocytes and a rice mutant defective in Si uptake showed that HvLsi1 has transport activity for silicic acid. Expression of HvLsi1 was detected specifically in the basal root, and the expression level was not affected by Si supply. There was a weak correlation between Si uptake and the expression level of HvLsi1 in eight cultivars tested. In the seminal roots, HvLsi1 is localized on the plasma membrane on the distal side of epidermal and cortical cells. HvLsi1 is also located in lateral roots on the plasma membrane of hypodermal cells. These cell‐type specificity of localization and expression patterns of HvLsi1 are different from those of OsLsi1. These observations indicate that HvLsi1 is a silicon influx transporter that is involved in radial transport of Si through the epidermal and cortical layers of the basal roots of barley.
The Pseudomonas syringae effector protein, AvrRPS4, requires in planta processing and the KRVY domain to function
Authors: Sohn Kee Hoon , Zhang Yan , Jones Jonathan D. G. 
Published: November 2008

SummaryA Pseudomonas syringae pv. pisi effector protein, AvrRPS4, triggers RPS4‐dependent immunity in Arabidopsis. We characterized biochemical and genetic aspects of AvrRPS4 function. Secretion of AvrRPS4 from Pst DC3000 is type III secretion‐dependent, and AvrRPS4 is processed into a smaller form in plant cells but not in bacteria or yeast. Agrobacterium‐mediated transient expression analysis of N‐terminally truncated AvrRPS4 mutants revealed that the C‐terminal 88 amino acids are sufficient to trigger the hypersensitive response in turnip. N‐terminal sequencing of the processed AvrRPS4 showed that processing occurs between G133 and G134. The processing‐deficient mutant, R112L, still triggers RPS4‐dependent immunity, suggesting that the processing is not required for the AvrRPS4 avirulence function. AvrRPS4 enhances bacterial growth when delivered by Pta 6606 into Nicotiana benthamiana in which AvrRPS4 is not recognized. Transgenic expression of AvrRPS4 in the Arabidopsis rps4 mutant enhances the growth of Pst DC3000 and suppresses PTI (PAMP‐triggered immunity), showing that AvrRPS4 promotes virulence in two distinct host plants. Furthermore, full virulence activity of AvrRPS4 requires both proteolytic processing and the KRVY motif at the N‐terminus of processed AvrRPS4. XopO, an Xcv effector, shares the amino acids required for AvrRPS4 processing and the KRVY motif. XopO is also processed into a smaller form in N. benthamiana, similar to AvrRPS4, suggesting that a common mechanism is involved in activation of the virulence activities of both AvrRPS4 and XopO.
Iron status in Norwegian blood donors: comparison of iron status in new blood donors registered in 1993–1997 and in 2005–2006
Authors: Røsvik A. S. , Hervig T. , Wentzel‐Larsen T. , Ulvik R. J. 
Published: November 2008

Background and Objectives  The impact of a poor iron status on the difficulties to keep recruitment of new donors at pace with the ongoing increased demand for blood transfusions was studied by comparing the iron status of new donors recruited in 1993–1997 and in 2005–2006.Materials and Methods  Iron status was defined by haemoglobin and serum ferritin. Inclusion criteria for approving new donors were haemoglobin ≥ 12·5 g/dl for women and ≥ 13·5 g/dl for men, and serum ferritin > 15 µg/l for both genders. Data were gathered retrospectively from 943 subjects (55% women) in the 1990 ties and prospectively from 1013 subjects (63% women) 10 years later.Results  In women, there was a significant fall in haemoglobin and serum ferritin mean values from 13·2 to 13·1 g/dl and from 30·9 to 26·9 µg/l, respectively. Rejection due to low haemoglobin was significantly increased from 14% to 24%. In men, there were minor changes that did not affect rejection rates.Conclusion  Iron status of women who want to serve as blood donors has deteriorated in the last 10 years, leading to an increased rejection due to haemoglobin below the inclusion criterion for blood donors.
Detection of European mountain ash ringspot‐associated virus (EMARAV) in Sorbus aucuparia L. by a specific antiserum and reverse transcription‐PCR
Authors: Mielke N. , Weber M. , Khan S. , Muehlbach H.‐P. 
Published: November 2008

SummaryChlorotic ringspots and mottling on leaves of European mountain ash (Sorbus aucuparia L.) are typical symptoms of the widely distributed ringspot disease. We found a novel plant RNA virus with a multipartite genome associated with these symptoms, called European mountain ash ringspot‐associated virus (EMARAV). This virus is not classified yet but shows certain similarities to members of the virus family Bunyaviridae. Characterization of the complete viral genome of EMARAV allowed us to develop two sensitive procedures, which enable the specific detection in its host plant. By raising an antiserum against the N‐terminal part of the putative nucleocapsid protein p3, the detection of EMARAV, respectively its proteins, in leaf extracts is now feasible. A second diagnostic tool, the reverse transcription‐PCR (RT‐PCR), allows the detection of EMARAV with even higher sensitivity. One specific primer pair was deduced from each of the four viral genomic RNAs to amplify minute amounts of the virus in various plant tissues.
Clinical implication of main pulmonary artery Windkessel size after banding operation
Authors: Waragai Tadashi , Awa Shoichi , Akagi Michio , Andou Yasushi , Watanabe Naoyuki , Hosaki Akira , Kawamata Hikari 
Published: November 2008

AbstractBackground:  The Windkessel model, proposed in 1895 by O. Frank, successfully explained systemic and abnormal pulmonary hemodynamics of congenital cardiac defects. The model is essentially a functional one and describes only hemodynamics, not anatomical or geographic structures. Because pulmonary arterial banding (PAB) adds a substantial resistance proximal to arterioles, it provides an ideal anatomical structure of the Windkessel model, namely, an elastic reservoir of much dilated main pulmonary artery (mPA) followed by a substantial artificial resistance of banding.Methods:  The pulmonary artery (PA) Windkessel size (WS) of 10 patients, several months to years after PAB, were estimated both in peak systole (WSs) and minimum diastole (WSd), as the product of Windkessel compliance and proximal to distal pulmonary arterial pressure difference at each cardiac phase. They were compared to cineangiogram‐determined corresponding volumes (Vs, Vd) of PA proximal to the band or mPA.Result:  WSs and WSd correlated well with Vs and Vd, respectively, with the correlation coefficient of 0.91 and 0.62, indicating that the Windkessel in these patients corresponds to mPA. Among five patients whose resistance at the band comprised more than half of the whole PA resistance, the coefficients proved even better.Conclusion:  Much bigger secondarily developed Windkessel, as placed proximal to the band on top of a substantial resistance at PAB, contributed much to alleviate the stress downstream at the periphery caused by greatly increased systolic stroke volume into mPA in these cardiac defects.
Late‐onset hypogonadism (LOH) and androgens: Validity of the measurement of free testosterone levels in the diagnostic criteria in Japan
Authors: Iwamoto Teruaki , Yanase Toshihiko , Horie Hitoshi , Namiki Mikio , Okuyama Akihiko 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe basis of diagnosis of late‐onset hypogonadism (LOH) is the measurement of androgen levels. Traditionally, total testosterone (total T) was also used as the primary indicator of gonadal function in Japan. In 1998, the International Society for the Study of the Aging Male was founded to conduct basic and clinical research on this issue internationally. As a result, it is said that bioavailable testosterone levels should be measured in the diagnosis of LOH. At present, however, there are a number of problems for bioavailable testosterone to become a routine diagnostic tool. Here, we will explain the various measurement indicators of androgens, measurement problems, standard values of total T, and free testosterone (free T) in Japan, and the diagnostic methods for LOH overseas. In Japan, the Japanese Urological Association and the Japanese Association of Men's Health recommend the measurement of free T levels in the diagnosis of LOH, for the following reasons: (i) It has been demonstrated that free T is more strongly correlated with calculated bioavailable testosterone, than total T, showing a statistically significant difference; (ii) The behavior of free T is highly consistent with that of bioavailable testosterone, with free T levels being markedly decreased due to aging; (iii) For the measurement of free T, a method that allows the measurement of free T only, without affecting the balance between free T and protein‐bound testosterone in blood, is available; and 4) The mean total T by age range decreases only to 80% of the young adult mean even during presenile and senile periods, when LOH occurs most frequently, but the free T level shows a linear decrease with aging and drops to 50% of the young adult mean. For these reasons, we will describe the validity of the recommendation for the measurement of free T levels.
Anesthesia for thoracic surgery in children in developing countries
Authors: JACOB REBECCA 
Published: November 2008

SummaryAnesthesia for surgery on the lung and intra‐thoracic structures requires a high level of expertise. In the developing world, patients are often poor, anemic and malnourished. They present late with a variety of diseases. Surgery is often mandated in spite of inadequate resources. Maintaining the safety of the patient while treating them within the limits of our resources is a continuing challenge.
Effects of short‐term Western diet on cerebral oxidative stress and diabetes related factors in APP × PS1 knock‐in mice
Authors: Studzinski Christa M. , Li Feng , Bruce‐Keller Annadora J , Fernandez‐Kim Sun Ok , Zhang Le , Weidner Adam M. , Markesbery William R. , Murphy M. Paul , Keller Jeffrey N. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractA chronic high fat Western diet (WD) promotes a variety of morbidity factors although experimental evidence for short‐term WD mediating brain dysfunction remains to be elucidated. The amyloid precursor protein and presenilin‐1 (APP × PS1) knock‐in mouse model has been demonstrated to recapitulate some key features of Alzheimer’s disease pathology, including amyloid‐β (Aβ) pathogenesis. In this study, we placed 1‐month‐old APP × PS1 mice and non‐transgenic littermates on a WD for 4 weeks. The WD resulted in a significant elevation in protein oxidation and lipid peroxidation in the brain of APP × PS1 mice relative to non‐transgenic littermates, which occurred in the absence of increased Aβ levels. Altered adipokine levels were also observed in APP × PS1 mice placed on a short‐term WD, relative to non‐transgenic littermates. Taken together, these data indicate that short‐term WD is sufficient to selectively promote cerebral oxidative stress and metabolic disturbances in APP × PS1 knock‐in mice, with increased oxidative stress preceding alterations in Aβ. These data have important implications for understanding how WD may potentially contribute to brain dysfunction and the development of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease.
Implications of recent measurements of the Milky Way rotation for the orbit of the Large Magellanic Cloud
Authors: Shattow Genevieve , Loeb Abraham 
Published: November 2008

Abstract
We examine the implications of recent measurements of the Milky Way (MW) rotation for the trajectory of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). The ∼14 ± 6 per cent increase in the MW circular velocity relative to the International Astronomical Union (IAU) standard of 220 km s−1 changes the qualitative nature of the inferred LMC orbit. Instead of the LMC being gravitationally unbound, as has been suggested based on a recent measurement of its proper motion, we find that the past orbit of the LMC is naturally confined within the virial boundary of the MW. The orbit is not as tightly bound as in models derived before the LMC proper motion was measured.
Connective tissue growth factor and cardiac fibrosis
Authors: Daniels A. , Van Bilsen M. , Goldschmeding R. , Van Der Vusse G. J. , Van Nieuwenhoven F. A. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractCardiac fibrosis is a major pathogenic factor in a variety of cardiovascular diseases and refers to an excessive deposition of extracellular matrix components in the heart, which leads to cardiac dysfunction and eventually overt heart failure. Evidence is accumulating for a crucial role of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) in fibrotic processes in several tissues including the heart. CTGF orchestrates the actions of important local factors evoking cardiac fibrosis. The central role of CTGF as a matricellular protein modulating the fibrotic process in cardiac remodelling makes it a possible biomarker for cardiac fibrosis and a potential candidate for therapeutic intervention to mitigate fibrosis in the heart.