bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combinations of synbiotics and herbs in fed diets to enhance immunity and growth of Asian seabass, Lates calcarifer
Authors: Susanto Gregorius Nugroho , Budi Khrsina Lazuardi , Antoro Suci , Brite Margie , Sumardi Sumardi , Hadi Sutopo 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Seabass, Lates calcarifer, has high economic value; hence, it must be cultivated optimally. Constraints in cultivation include pasteurellosis and vibriosis, which disrupt growth and affect mortality. Prevention of pathogenic bacteria can be carried out by boosting fish immunity. Providing natural herbs is one way to increase immune response and prevent disease attacks. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the immune response and growth performance of seabass provided with synbiotics and different herbs in the feed. The study was conducted at the Lampung Marine Aquaculture and Fishery Center using a completely randomized design with five treatments and four replicates. The treatments were T1 (- control), T2 (+ control), T3 (synbiotics), T4 (herbs), and T5 (mixed). The results indicated that the highest leukocyte number and phagocytosis rate were found in T5 at 5.67×106 cells mL-1 and 67.57%, respectively, while the highest phagocytosis index was in T2 at 1.87. The most significant increases in length and weight gain, FCR, and SGR were found in T5 at 12.6 cm, 97 g, 1.62, and 3.86% day-1, while the highest SR at 100% was found in T3 and T5. In conclusion, T5 significantly affected seabass's immune response and growth performance.
EEG-ECeG coherence mapping of human cerebro-cerebellar projections
Authors: Todd Neil P M , Govender Sendhil , Hochstrasser Daniel , Keller Peter E , Colebatch James G 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The cerebellar and cerebral cortices are powerfully connected via reciprocal, crossed projections which mediate their coordination in motor, cognitive and affective processes. In the present paper we demonstrate non-invasive imaging of crossed cerebro-cerebellar connectivity by means of wavelet coherence. In a sample of six healthy adult subjects, we recorded EEG and the electro-cerebellogram (ECeG) with a 10% cerebellar extension montage during voluntary left and right index finger and foot movements. EMG was also recorded from finger extensors and flexors and from the tibialis anterior and soleus muscles and was used to generate triggers for movement related averaging (-2000 to + 2000 ms). Wavelet power and EEG-ECeG coherence were computed over the 4 s epoch for each electrode and for statistical analysis both cerebral and cerebellar grids centred around Cz and SIz. Movement related changes were observed in both cerebral and cerebellar power, most significantly in the high delta band (1.5 to 3 Hz). Significant movement related change in d-band EEG-ECeG coherence was also observed and to a lesser extent a-decoherence. Of particular note, when lateralised seeds were selected (C1 vs C2 and PO11 vs PO12) the low-frequency (d, q, a, b) coherence was distributed contralaterally for both cerebral and cerebellar seeds, likely reflecting the underlying crossed cerebro-cerebellar projections. However, the two projections differed in their spatial distribution whereby the cerebellar (PO11/PO12) seeded coherence was concentrated towards the cerebral midline while the cerebral (C1/C2) seeded coherence was distributed away from the cerebellar midline. The cerebral (C1/C2) seeded coherence also extended anteriorly to temporal leads suggestive of temporal lobe involvement. Evidence was also apparent of a distinct high-frequency (VHF/UHF) crossed projection which differed again in its spatial distribution. These findings further support the value of recording cerebellar ECeG and demonstrate its potential to contribute to the understanding of cerebro-cerebellar function and dysfunction.
Effects of inulin on the growth performance and tolerance in adverse environments of several probiotics
Authors: Fan Yan-Ge , Ning Yu-Chang , Chen Jin , Cao Chang-Qing , Wang Hui-Feng , Han Nan-Feng 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

This study focused on the effects of inulin on growth performance and tolerance in an adverse environment of several probiotics Bacillus subtilis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Lactobacillus fermentum. The results showed that inulin could significantly promote the growth of B. subtilis, S. cerevisiae, and L. fermentum (p < 0.05). When inulin replaced glucose, the ethanol concentration in S. cerevisiae fermentation broth could be increased by 15%. Inulin could significantly improve the acid tolerance of B. subtilis under acidic conditions. It could significantly improve the bile salt tolerance of L. fermentum and S. cerevisiae and significantly increase the ethanol tolerance of L. fermentum and B. subtilis. It could also significantly increase the survival rate of these three probiotics under low-temperature conditions. Our findings prove that inulin positively affects the growth ability and poor environmental tolerance of probiotics, and can be used as a prebiotic for several probiotics.
Immersion Cooling for Lithium–Ion Batteries at High Discharging Rates
Authors: Hong Hanchi , Shi Xu , d`Apolito Luigi , Xin Qianfan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Consumer demand for high-power electric vehicles has been increasing. Batteries have been used in high-heat-generation conditions more often with fast charging and discharging. The need for more advanced battery thermal management systems (BTMS) has been increasing since recent years. Application of different types of coolants with immersion cooling with high-rate discharging was studied. Immersion cooling was applied to an 8S3P battery module. The cooling performance of the battery module at high discharging rates was studied by using five different types of dielectric coolants. The immersion cooling model of battery module was established. The cooling performance with different types of coolants at high discharging rates (4C, 6C, and 8C) was analyzed. The effect of coolant flow rate on battery cooling performance was also studied. To make a comprehensive evaluation on the coolants used for immersion cooling at high discharging rates, an analysis was conducted by assessing power consumption and temperature uniformity. Cooling efficiency, power consumption, and temperature uniformity were considered in coolant selection, and coolant flow rate had a significant effect coolant selection. This study can provide a guidance for the design of BTMS with immersion cooling in electric vehicle applications
The Investigation of the Effects of Group Exercise Treatment on Psychological Status, Muscle Strength, Respiratory Performance and Balance Parameters in Hospitalized Patients in Psychiatry Departments: A Randomized Clinical Study
Authors: YILMAZ Neslihan ALTUNTAS , AYDIN Adem , GICA Şakir , ÇİÇEK Beyza , Kılınç Derya , Venç Kerime Şevval 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Objective
To investigate effects of physical activity on psychological state, muscle strength, respiratory capacity, and balance in patients hospitalized in the psychiatry department.
Method
Forty-six patients with psychiatric disorders were divided into two groups by simple randomization. The study was completed with 30 participants in exercise group (n = 15) and controls (n = 15). Height, weight, age, marital status, education level, year and family history of psychiatric diagnosis were recorded. The Functional Reach Test for dynamic balance, the Romberg Test for static balance, the 30-sec Sitting and Standing Test for lower extremity endurance, front part strength measurements of Quadriceps Femoris and Deltoid with hand-held dynamometer, chest mobility and respiration types were evaluated. The Symptom Check List-90-Revised (SCL-90-R) was used for psychological symptoms and psychopathological features. While exercise protocol was administered to the exercise group along with the medical treatment for psychiatric disorders, only medical treatment was given to controls. A 14-session exercise treatment was performed seven days a week for two weeks. At the end of the second week, the initial measurements of all patients were repeated and analyzed.
Results
Such psychometric scores as obsessive-compulsive symptoms, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety and psychoticism, and muscle strength, axillary and subcostal respiratory capacity scores were statistically significantly different in the exercise group (p < 0.05). In balance and lower extremity endurance, however, there was no superiority of exercise for 14 sessions (p > 0.05).
Conclusion
The positive effects of group exercises consisting of respiration, posture, and stretching on psychiatric patients were noted to be higher, compared to those on physical parameters.
Access-Based Competition and Investment in Mobile Network - Evidence from Germany and Spain
Authors: Frank Niels , Kleczka Mitja , Shtjefanaku Erion 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

This article examines the effect of access obligation on mobile network investment. Access obligation is a form of regulated network access in wholesale markets that commits Mobile Network Operators (MNOs) to grant non-discriminatory access to Mobile Virtual Network Operators (MVNOs). While it is often claimed that such regulation might lower investment incentives of MNOs, this assertion has not yet been assessed by appropriate econometric methods. We implement an empirical Difference-in-Differences (DiD) framework to investigate the link between access obligation and mobile network investment in Germany, where access obligation had been implemented for the 3G technology (but not for 4G and 5G), and in Spain, where access obligation had been introduced as a remedy for joint significant market power. Contrary to common claims, our results show that access obligation has not lowered mobile network investment in Germany and indeed increased investment in Spain.
Are syntropic agroforestry systems microclimatically similar to tropical forests?
Authors: Pereira Sabrina Mendes , Hoffman Maurício Rigon , Salemi Luiz Felippe 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

One possible way to make agricultural systems more sustainable is to mimic natural ecosystems. In this regard, syntropic agroforestry systems are agroecosystems that imitate, to some extent, the structure and natural dynamics of forests. This study aims to address the following question: Are SAS microclimatically similar to tropical forests? To investigate, climate variables such as canopy coverage, relative air humidity, air temperature, soil temperature, and illuminance were measured in both a tropical forest area and an adjacent Syntropic Agroforestry System. The results showed significant differences in relative humidity, air temperature, and illuminance compared to the forest. These differences may be attributed to the higher density of tree individuals and the number of strata, which are greater in the tropical forest compared to the syntropic agroforestry system. It is concluded that, despite resembling a tropical forest in appearance, syntropic agroforestry systems do not have microclimatic conditions similar to tropical forests.
Creep lifetime of ethylene vinyl acetate co-polymer film after pre-load relaxation
Authors: Kislyuk Victor , Shyvaniuk Vladyslav , Kotrechko Sergiy 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The influence of the mechanical load and ultraviolet radiation on the lifetime of viscous and elastic ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) films under the various loads are studied to establish its principles and to develop the basic concepts regarding their physical nature. The dumbbell samples of the cured (annealed at 135oC) EVA films (c-EVA) are pre-loaded and kept pre-strained till the complete load relaxation to reduce a viscous component prior to the creep under the load added to the relaxed value of the external force. The creep lifetime logarithm vs. added load dependencies measured at 21 oC with and without simultaneous ultraviolet irradiation with 365 nm wavelength light (from the EVA absorption tail) contain two linear segments each. The linear fragments are approximated with Zhurkov and Kauzmann-Eyring (KE) phenomenological models, which allows one to derive the quantitative parameters such as activation energy (found to be by several times lower than the dissociation energy of C – C bond); structural factor and force concentration factor as well as to estimate the density of the aligned polymer chains (per unit area) and the alignment level defined as the ratio of the polymer chain density to its maximal value (calculated to be 4 ∙ 1018 m-2). The specific surface energy of 0.01 J ∙m-2 calculated from the KE approximation is in a proper consent with Griffith’s criterion for the crack propagation.
Evaluation of PD-1 and interleukin-10-receptor expression by T lymphocytes in malignant and benign pleural effusions
Authors: Mosleh Berta , Hammer Barbara , El-Gazzar Ahmed , Kramer Markus , Ayazseven Seda , Bernitzky Dominik , Geleff Silvana , Idzko Marco , Gompelmann Daniela , Hoda Mir Alireza 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background:
PD-1 (programmed cell death protein-1)/PD-L1 (programmed cell death ligand-1) as well as IL-10 (interleukin-10)/IL-10R (interleukin-10 receptor) interactions play a major role in tumor immune evasion in various malignancies. Several studies investigated the expression of PD-1 on T lymphocytes in pleural effusions (PE) in patients with malignant diseases. However, results in malignant pleural effusions (MPE) compared to benign PE (BPE) are underreported.
Methods:
In this prospective study, 51 patients (median age 66 years, IQR 54–78, 47% male) with PE of malignant or benign origin were enrolled and divided into three groups according to the cytological results (group 1: MPE [n = 24, 47%]; group 2: BPE in malignant disease [n = 22, 43%]; group 3: BPE in benign disease [n = 5, 10%]). In the cytological samples, T cells were analyzed for the expression of PD-1 and IL-10R via flow cytometry.
Results:
In MPE, the proportion of PD-1 + T lymphocytes on CD4 + cells was significantly lower than in BPE (group 1 vs 3, p = 0.019). Moreover, a significantly lower expression of PD-1 + IL-10R + CD8+ (group 1 vs 2, p = 0.016; group 1 vs 3, p = 0.032) and a significantly higher expression of PD-1-IL-10R-CD8 + T lymphocytes (group1 vs 2, p = 0.045; group 1 vs 3, p = 0.032) were observed in MPE when compared to BPE.
Conclusion:
The frequency of T cells expressing PD-1 and IL-10R is significantly lower in MPE compared to BPE regardless of the underlying disease indicating a different microenvironment in PE driven by the presence of tumor cells. Our observation spotlights the possible involvement of PD-1 and IL-10R in MPE.
Non-wounding Contact-based Inoculation of Fruits with Fungal Pathogens in Postharvest
Authors: Sbodio Adrian Oscar , Mesquida-Pesci Saskia Desiree , Yip Nancy , Alvarez-Rojo Isabela , Gutierrez-Baeza Elia , Tay Samantha , Bello Pedro , Wang Luxin , Blanco-Ulate Barbara 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background Fungal pathogens significantly impact the quality of fruits and vegetables at different stages of the supply chain, leading to substantial food losses. Understanding how these persistent fungal infections occur and progress in postharvest conditions is essential to developing effective control strategies.
Results In this study, we developed a reliable and consistent inoculation protocol to simulate disease spread from infected fruits to adjacent healthy fruits during postharvest storage. We tested different combinations of relevant fruit commodities, including oranges, tomatoes, and apples, against impactful postharvest pathogens such as Penicillium digitatum, Penicillium italicum, Botrytis cinerea, and Penicillium expansum. We assessed the efficacy of this protocol using fruits treated with various postharvest methods and multiple isolates for each pathogen. We optimized the source of infected tissue and incubation conditions for each fruit-pathogen combination. Disease incidence and severity were quantitatively evaluated to study infection success and progression. At the final evaluation point, 80% or higher disease incidence rates were observed in all trials except for the fungicide-treated oranges inoculated with fungicide-susceptible Penicillium spp. isolates. Although disease incidence was lower in that particular scenario, it is noteworthy that the pathogen was still able to establish itself under unfavorable conditions, indicating the robustness of our methodology. Finally, we used multispectral imaging to detect early P. digitatum infections in oranges before the disease became visible to the naked eye but after the pathogen was established.
Conclusions We developed a non-invasive inoculation strategy that can be used to recreate infections caused by contact or nesting in postharvest. The observed high disease incidence and severity values across fruit commodities and fungal pathogens demonstrate the robustness, efficacy, and reproducibility of the developed methodology. The protocol has the potential to be tailored for other pathosystems. Additionally, this approach can facilitate the study of fruit-pathogen interactions and the assessment of innovative control strategies.
Antenatal care practices for gestational weight gain: a cross sectional survey of antenatal care providers reported provision and barriers to providing recommended care
Authors: Hollis Jenna L , Deroover Kristine , Daly Justine , Tully Belinda , Foster Michelle , Lecathelinais Christophe , Pennell Craig E , Wiggers John , Kingsland Melanie 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: Implementation of recommended gestational weight gain (GWG) care by antenatal care providers is poor. It is unclear whether practice implementation and barriers Tadiffer between antenatal care provider profession or experience. This study aimed to assesses the provision of and barriers to guideline care for GWG and examine associations with professional discipline and years of experience.
Methods: A cross sectional survey was conducted with antenatal care providers working in three public maternity services in a regional city in Australia. Data were collected on the provision of and barriers (informed by the Theoretical Domains Framework) to recommended GWG care. Data were summarised using descriptive statistics. Associations between health profession characteristics (professional discipline and years providing antenatal care) and GWG care practices and barrier outcomes were assessed using multivariate logistic regression.
Results:117 antenatal care providers completed the survey (75% participation rate). One quarter (25%) reported that they routinely provided recommended GWG assessment at the first antenatal visit, and 9% at subsequent visits. Only 7% routinely provided recommended advice on GWG, healthy eating and physical activity. Professional discipline or years of experience were not associated with higher odds of GWG practices. Skills, belief about capabilities, belief about consequences and environmental context and resources were barriers to providing care. Medical professionals had higher odds of agreeing that they have been adequately trained to address GWG (OR = 9.14, 95%CI:3.10-26.90) and feel competent in having sensitive conversations with pregnant women about GWG (OR = 8.60, 95%CI:2.29-32.28) than midwives. Midwives had higher odds of agreeing that there are services they can refer pregnant women to for further support (OR = 2.80, 95%CI:1.13-6.91).
Conclusions:The provision of antenatal care for GWG was low, inconsistently provided and did not differ by professional discipline or years of experience. Antenatal care providers report numerous barriers including skills, belief about capabilities, belief about consequences, and environmental context and resources. Barriers to GWG care provision differed by professional discipline, but not years of providing care. The findings demonstrate that the type and prioritisation of practice-change implementation strategies may need to be tailored to address the differential barriers faced by professional groups.
Predictive numerical modeling of the behavior of asphalt-core rockfill dam
Authors: Estación Oscar , Pinyol Nuria , Olivella Sebastià , Lopez Marko 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The construction of large dams with asphalt concrete core and shoulders of Rockfill is becoming more and more common in many countries around the world. This article focuses on the Yele dam (China) with a height of 124.5 m. Filling material and monitoring measures during the construction and impoundment are available. A hydro-mechanical analysis coupled with the finite element method with Code_Bright software is used. The constitutive parameters were obtained by back-analysis from triaxial tests using an elastoplastic model for Rockfill materials, while a viscoelastic is used to model the core asphalt. According to the numerical modelling, the collapse effect is due for impounding and effect of wetting. The results were compared with the geotechnical instrumentation measure available.
Compositional Changes and Ecotoxicological Aspects of Hydrogen Peroxide Application to a Natural Plankton Community
Authors: Santos Allan Amorim , Silva Luan de Oliveira , Azevedo Sandra Maria Feliciano de Oliveira e , de Magalhães Valéria Freitas , Pacheco Ana Beatriz Furlanetto 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Cyanobacterial blooms compromise water quality worldwide, demanding nutrient input control. However, once established, other strategies are necessary to control the growth of cyanobacteria. Oxidation processes such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) offer a potential solution; however, research on planktonic community recovery post-H2O2 exposure is limited. Here, we investigated the impact of the addition of H2O2 alone at various concentrations (1, 10, and 100 mg/L) on the natural phytoplankton and bacterioplankton communities of a eutrophic reservoir over 21 days under laboratory conditions. We aimed to evaluate the differential susceptibility of cyanobacteria and green algae, possible phytoplankton regrowth, changes in bacterioplankton composition and the effect of residual H2O2 or its byproducts on organisms at different trophic levels. Initially, cyanobacteria (mainly Microcystis and Cyanobium) were the main contributors to chlorophyll (Chl) concentrations, followed by green algae. Within 7 days, the phytoplankton abundance decreased under all conditions, with pronounced effects occurring in the H2O2 treatments within the first 48 hours. H2O2 exposure led to residual Chl concentrations for cyanobacteria and green algae, and after fresh culture medium addition, green algae, but not cyanobacteria, were able to regrow in the <10 mg/L treatment. At lower H2O2 concentrations, Microcystis, Cyanobium, Limnothrix, and Planktothrix resisted, while at higher concentrations, Cyanobium and Mastigocladopsis persisted. In the bacterioplankton community, H2O2 addition led to a greater abundance of taxa from the hgcI clade, Comamonadaceae family, Craurococcus-Caldovatus and Staphylococcus. Ecotoxicological assays revealed transient effects of H2O2 on Daphnia similis survival, while Danio rerio remained unaffected. Our findings demonstrate that, compared with cyanobacteria, green algae exhibit greater resistance and resilience to H2O2, with transient effects on zooplankton at concentrations up to 10 mg/L. This research underscores the complexity of managing cyanobacterial blooms and emphasizes the need for comprehensive strategies considering ecological impacts.