bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A model of personal professional development in the systematic training of clinical psychologists
Authors: Sheikh Alia I. , Milne Derek L. , MacGregor Bryony V. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractStaff development has been identified as a key way to improve the delivery of psychological therapies, particularly through enhancing professionals' capacity for reflective practice. Traditionally, the ‘reflective practitioner’ model has guided how we train professionals to deliver therapies, but this model is vague and needs refinement. We therefore outlined a more coherent model, by integrating the ideas and methods of these and other educationalists into our working definition of the ‘Personal Professional Development’ (PPD). We proposed that reflection can be made explicit within a circumplex model that is based upon an experiential learning cycle. This allowed ‘reflective practice’ to be developed systematically and analyzed empirically. We detailed how PPD is addressed within one clinical psychology training program, and provided some initial, promising evaluation data to support the approach. The need for further development and evaluation of our model and its associated methods is discussed as an appropriately reflexive next phase. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
How clients with religious or spiritual beliefs experience psychological help‐seeking and therapy: A qualitative study
Authors: Mayers Claire , Leavey Gerard , Vallianatou Christina , Barker Chris 
Published: August 2007

AbstractThis qualitative study explored the process of help‐seeking and therapy among clients with religious or spiritual beliefs. Ten clients who were currently in, or had recently finished, therapy were interviewed. Participants reported using their religious or spiritual beliefs to cope with their psychological problems before and during therapy. Prior to therapy, they were worried that secular‐based help might weaken their faith. However, the experience of having psychological distress and the process of receiving therapy were both perceived as strengthening to faith and ultimately part of a spiritual journey. Contrary to expectations, a match between the spirituality or religious affiliation of the therapist and client was not considered important. This implies that the ‘religiosity gap’ between secular therapists and clients with religious/spiritual beliefs is bridgeable. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Does the market value corporate environmental responsibility? An empirical examination
Authors: Wahba Hayam 
Published: August 2007

AbstractAlthough researchers have applied different theoretical perspectives to illustrate the relationship between corporate environmental responsibility and profitability, to date theories are contested and empirical findings are inconclusive. Therefore, the aim of this research was to present empirical evidence regarding the influence of engaging in environmental responsibility on corporate market value, as the first study to be applied in the Egyptian context. The findings demonstrate that the market compensates those firms that care for their environment, as environmental responsibility exerted a positive and significant coefficient on the firm market value measured by Tobin's q ratio. This aligns stakeholder theory as well as resource‐based theory arguments, and provides supporting evidence for those studies that have concluded that it pays to be environmentally responsive. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Binge‐like ethanol exposure during the early postnatal period impairs eyeblink conditioning at short and long CS–US intervals in rats
Authors: Tran Tuan D. , Stanton Mark E. , Goodlett Charles R. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractBinge‐like ethanol exposure on postnatal days (PD) 4–9 in rodents causes cerebellar cell loss and impaired acquisition of conditioned responses (CRs) during “short‐delay” eyeblink classical conditioning (ECC), using optimal (280–350 ms) interstimulus intervals (ISIs). We extended those earlier findings by comparing acquisition of delay ECC under two different ISIs. From PD 4 to 9, rats were intubated with either 5.25 g/kg of ethanol (2/day), sham intubated, or were not intubated. They were then trained either as periadolescents (about PD 35) or as adults (>PD 90) with either the optimal short‐delay (280‐ms) ISI, a long‐delay (880‐ms) ISI, or explicitly unpaired CS and US presentations. Neonatal binge ethanol treatment significantly impaired acquisition of conditioning at both ages regardless of ISI, and deficits in the acquisition and expression of CRs were comparable across ISIs. These deficits are consistent with the previously documented ethanol‐induced damage to the cerebellar–brainstem circuit essential for Pavlovian ECC. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 49: 589‐605, 2007.
Comparison of developmental trajectories for place and cued navigation in the morris water task
Authors: Akers Katherine G. , Hamilton Derek A. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractPrevious studies investigating the development of place and cued learning using the Morris water task are in disagreement regarding the day in development that each type of learning emerges. Here, place and cued navigation in the water task were examined in differently aged groups of young male and female rats (P17, P18, P19, P20, and P24) during a single day of training. When only distal cues were present, P20 and P24 but not younger rats learned the location of the hidden platform. In contrast, when a proximal cue marked the platform location, rats as young as P17 showed evidence of cue‐controlled navigation, although only P18 and older rats exhibited cued learning. In line with most previous studies, these results indicate that cued learning emerges earlier in development than place learning and support a dissociation of developmental trajectories for the neural systems underlying the two types of navigation. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 49: 553‐564, 2007.
Extinction in the developing rat: An examination of renewal effects
Authors: Yap Carol S.L. , Richardson Rick 
Published: August 2007

AbstractIn the present series of experiments the context‐specificity of extinction was examined from a developmental perspective. For postnatal day (PN) 23 rats, renewal of freezing to an aversive odor conditioned stimulus (CS) was observed when rats were conditioned in Context A, extinguished in Context B, and tested in Context A (i.e., ABA renewal). This effect was not observed in PN16 rats, which is consistent with previous studies suggesting that rats <∼PN20 are impaired in encoding contextual information [i.e., Carew and Rudy [1991]. Developmental Psychobiology, 24, 191–209]. Subsequent experiments demonstrated that for rats conditioned at PN16 and tested at PN23, contextual regulation of extinction performance depended on the age at which extinction occurred. Specifically, ABA renewal was observed in rats given extinction training at PN22 but not in rats given extinction training at PN17. These latter results show that whether or not context regulates the expression of an ambiguous memory is determined by the animal's age when the memory becomes ambiguous. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 49: 565‐575, 2007.
Parenting quality, DRD4, and the prediction of externalizing and internalizing behaviors in early childhood
Authors: Propper C. , Willoughby M. , Halpern C.T. , Carbone M.A. , Cox M. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractRecent research has found that the dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) gene and maternal insensitivity may interact to predict externalizing behavior in preschoolers. The current study attempted to replicate and extend this finding in a sample of 18–30‐month‐old children. The current study examined two distinct dimensions of parenting (warm‐responsive and negative‐intrusive) as predictors of childhood externalizing and internalizing behavior. Further, race was investigated as a moderator of gene–environment relationships. Results revealed that high warm‐responsive parenting was associated with decreased externalizing behavior only for African American children possessing the short polymorphism of DRD4. The data indicate that children may be differentially susceptible to different aspects of parenting depending on their genotype, and it is important to consider differences in racial composition when studying these relationships. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 49: 619‐632, 2007.
Angiopoietin‐like protein 1 expression is related to intermuscular connective tissue and cartilage development
Authors: Lai Dar‐Ming , Tu Yong‐Kwang , Hsieh Yu‐Hsuan , Hsu Wen‐Ming , Lee Chin‐Cheng , Cheng Wei‐Cheng , Hsieh Fon‐Jou , Li Hung 
Published: August 2007

AbstractAngptl1, a member of the angiopoietin‐related protein family, is known to regulate angiogenesis, but little is known of its potential role in other processes. To identify the expression pattern and possible role of angptl1 during embryogenesis, we used gene targeting to generate angptl1‐deficient, nLacZ knockin mice. Staining for β‐galactosidase from embryonic day 9.5 to 6 months of age revealed that angptl1 was initially expressed in the paraxial mesoderm. Expression then shifted to intermuscular connective tissue (fascial plane), joint capsules, and perichondrium (laryngo‐trachea, ribs, and long bones), but not the muscles. The vasculature, central and peripheral nervous systems, digestive, respiratory, and other major organ systems did not show any angptl1 expression. This expression pattern suggests that angptl1 is related to development of the connective tissue and cartilage. Lack of phenotype in mutant mice may be due to a functional redundancy from other related factors. Developmental Dynamics 236:2643–2652, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Normal regulation of Rbf1/E2f1 target genes in Drosophila type 1 protein phosphatase mutants
Authors: Swanhart Lisa M. , Sanders Akeisha N. , Duronio Robert J. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractG1 Cyclin/Cdk complexes phosphorylate and inactivate the pRb tumor suppressor by preventing its ability to bind and repress E2F transcription factors. Current molecular and biochemical evidence suggests that type 1 protein phosphatases (PP1) dephosphorylate and thereby activate pRb, but the functional significance of this has not been addressed in the context of animal development. Here, we use genetic analyses to determine the role of PP1 in the regulation of Rbf1 activity during Drosophila development. While Rbf1 is required for E2f1 inhibition and G1 arrest in the embryonic epidermis and for the periodic expression of E2f1 target genes during endocycle S phase in the embryonic midgut and larval salivary gland, PP1 is not. PP1 regulates periodic cyclin E protein accumulation in ovarian nurse cells independently of Rbf1, which is dispensable for endocycle regulation in this tissue. We conclude that PP1 is not a major regulator of the Rbf1/E2F1 pathway in Drosophila. Developmental Dynamics 236:2567–2577, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dichotic listening and school performance in dyslexia
Authors: Helland Turid , Asbjørnsen Arve E. , Hushovd Aud Ellen , Hugdahl Kenneth 
Published: August 2007

AbstractThis study focused on the relationship between school performance and performance on a dichotic listening (DL) task in dyslexic children. Dyslexia is associated with impaired phonological processing, related to functions in the left temporal lobe. DL is a frequently used task to assess functions of the left temporal lobe. Due to the predominance of the contralateral neuronal pathways, a right ear advantage in the DL task reflects the superior processing capacity for the right ear stimulus in the left hemisphere (Kimura, 1963). Previous studies using DL in dyslexia are, however, inconclusive, and may reflect degree of severity of dyslexia. The aim of the present study was therefore to investigate lateralized processing in two sub‐groups of dyslexia, differing in symptom severity.Two groups of dyslexic 12‐year‐old children and an age‐matched control group were tested with a consonant–vowel DL task. The two dyslexia groups differed in severity through how they responded to training efforts being made in their schools, while otherwise being matched for age, IQ and diagnosis.The D1 (respondent group) group showed a DL performance pattern similar to the control group, i.e. a right ear advantage, while the D2 (non‐respondent) group failed to show a right ear advantage on the DL task.The performance on the DL task by the two dyslexia groups may provide better insight as to the degree of reading and writing impairment in dyslexia. ‘Cracking the code’ and acquiring automatized literacy skills may seem harder for the D2 group children compared to the D1 children. Also, the present study points to the use of DL as a valid assessment tool in clinical work to improve differential diagnoses, particularly in relation to measures of school performance. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Description of earthquake aftershock sequences using prototype point patterns
Authors: Schoenberg Frederic Paik , Tranbarger Katherine E. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractWe introduce the use of prototype point patterns to characterize the behavior of a typical aftershock sequence from the global Harvard earthquake catalog. These prototypes are used not only for data description and summary but also to identify outliers and to classify sequences into groups exhibiting similar aftershock behavior. We find that a typical shallow earthquake of magnitude between 7.5 and 8.0 has approximately five aftershocks of magnitude at least 5.5, and that within an observation window of 0.113 days to 2.0 years after the mainshock, these aftershocks are roughly evenly distributed in log‐time. The relative magnitudes and distances from the mainshock for the typical aftershock sequence are characterized as well. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nurse evaluation of hyperactivity in anorexia nervosa: a comparative study
Authors: van Elburg Annemarie A. , Hoek Hans W. , Kas Martien J.H. , van Engeland Herman 
Published: August 2007

AbstractUp to 80% of patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) manifest elevated levels of physical activity or hyperactivity. A variety of methods have been used to evaluate activity levels, mostly questionnaires but also expensive and invasive methods such as actometry or other measurements of energy expenditure. Nurse observations have heretofore not been tested for validity and reliability. In this study, 18 patients with AN under treatment in a specialized eating disorder centre simultaneously rated their own physical activity levels, used an actometer, and were observed for physical activity by trained nurses. We found that nurse ratings of activity correlated significantly with the average actometer activity score (r = 0.61, p < 0.01). Patients could not rate their own activity levels accurately. Nurse observation of activity levels of AN patients during treatment is a reliable and useful monitoring tool. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Emotional responses to food in adults with an eating disorder: a qualitative exploration
Authors: McNamara Caroline , Chur‐Hansen Anna , Hay Phillipa 
Published: August 2007

AbstractThere is a dearth of qualitative research exploring eating disordered individuals' emotional responses to the sight of different types of food. In this study we asked 10 adult women diagnosed with bulimia nervosa, anorexia nervosa or an eating disorder not otherwise specified (EDNOS) to articulate their thoughts whilst viewing slides of a range of different foodstuffs, during an in‐depth interview session. The data were transcribed and subjected to qualitative analysis. A core theme of ‘Control’ was identified. Whilst control has been previously acknowledged in the literature as an important aspect of eating disordered behaviour, this is the first report to link control with negative emotional responses to the sight of food. Clinically, an exploration of the notion of control and how it relates to particular foods may be beneficial in therapy. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
A study of bone density change in patients with anorexia nervosa
Authors: Carmo Isabel do , Mascarenhas Mário , Macedo Ana , Silva Armanda , Santos Inês , Bouça Dulce , Myatt John , Sampaio Daniel 
Published: August 2007

AbstractIn patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) several factors combine to cause osteoporosis, and the risk of osteoporosis increases with chronicity of illness. The authors carried out a follow‐up study in patients who attended the Eating Disorders department of the Hospital de Santa Maria. The average follow‐up period was of 7.6 years. Fifteen patients were included. Patients answered clinical history questions and underwent neck of femur and spine densitometry. The most important variable with negative correlations to bone recovery was disease duration. A positive correlation between bone recovery and time since the first menstrual cycle post‐amenorrhea was also found. However, AN is a condition in which once weight improves and menstrual cycles become regular, severe damage to bone structure is still likely to be maintained. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Promoting positive body image in young girls: an evaluation of ‘Shapesville’
Authors: Dohnt Hayley K. , Tiggemann Marika 
Published: August 2007

AbstractThe aim of the current research was to evaluate Shapesville, a children's picture book designed to promote positive body image in young children. Participants were a convenience sample comprising 84 girls (aged 5–9 years) recruited from four private girls' schools. Girls were randomly allocated to be read either Shapesville or a control book. Individual measures of body image, stereotyping on the basis of weight and media internalisation, as well as knowledge of non‐appearance topics, were obtained at pre‐ and post‐intervention, as well as at 6‐week follow‐up. Relative to the control book, girls' appearance satisfaction increased after reading Shapesville. In addition, stereotyping on the basis of weight and internalisation of media ideals was reduced. Finally, reading Shapesville also increased girls' knowledge base of non‐appearance topics, such as recognising their special talents and awareness of healthy eating, at post‐intervention. These gains were somewhat reduced at follow‐up, yet were largely still significantly greater than at pre‐intervention. The present study demonstrates that Shapesville has the potential to be a successful prevention tool for use with young girls. Schools can incorporate Shapesville into their curriculum as early as school entry, in order to help prevent the early development of body dissatisfaction and disordered eating. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Components of variance in a multicentre functional MRI study and implications for calculation of statistical power
Authors: Suckling John , Ohlssen David , Andrew Christopher , Johnson Glyn , Williams Steven C.R. , Graves Martin , Chen Chi‐Hua , Spiegelhalter David , Bullmore Ed 
Published: August 2007

AbstractThis article firstly presents a theoretical analysis of the statistical power of a parallel‐group, repeated‐measures (two‐session) and two‐centre design suitable for a placebo‐controlled pharmacological MRI study. For arbitrary effect size, power is determined by the pooled between‐session error, the pooled measurement error, the ratio of centre measurement errors, the total number of subjects and the proportion of subjects studied at the centre with greatest measurement error. Secondly, an experiment is described to obtain empirical estimates of variance components in task‐related and resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Twelve healthy volunteers were scanned at two centres during performance of blocked and event‐related versions of an affect processing task (each repeated twice per session) and rest. In activated regions, variance components were estimated: between‐subject (23% of total), between‐centre (2%), between‐paradigm (4%), within‐session occasion (paradigm repeat; 2%) and residual (measurement) error (69%). The between‐centre ratio of measurement errors was 0.8. A similar analysis for the Hurst exponent estimated in resting data showed negligible contributions of between‐subject and between‐centre variability; measurement error accounted for 99% of total variance. Substituting these estimates in the theoretical expression for power, incorporation of two centres in the design necessitates a modest (10%) increase in the total number of subjects compared with a single‐centre study. Furthermore, considerable improvements in power can be attained by repetition of the task within each scanning session. Thus, theoretical models of power and empirical data indicate that between‐centre variability can be small enough to encourage multicentre designs without major compensatory increases in sample size. Hum Brain Mapp 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hepatitis B prophylaxis in patients undergoing chemotherapy for lymphoma
Authors: Saab Sammy , Dong Mamie H. , Joseph Tom A. , Tong Myron J. 
Published: August 2007

Abstract

Hepatitis B reactivation is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing chemotherapy for lymphomas. These patients may experience direct liver-related complications or reduced cancer survival because of interruptions in chemotherapy. Our aim was to compare the costs and outcomes of 2 different chronic hepatitis B management strategies. In hepatitis B carriers undergoing chemotherapy, we pursued a decision analysis model to compare the costs and clinical outcomes of using lamivudine prophylaxis versus initiating lamivudine only when clinically overt hepatitis occurred. Our results indicate that the use of lamivudine prophylaxis is cost-effective. Even though the use of lamivudine prophylaxis was associated with an incremental cost of $1530 per patient ($18,707 versus $17,177), both the number and severity of hepatitis B reactivations were reduced. None of the patients in the prophylaxis group had liver-related deaths versus 20 who died in the no-prophylaxis group. Cancer deaths were also reduced from 47-39 with lamivudine prophylaxis, presumably because of the increased need for cessation or modification of chemotherapy in patients who had severe hepatitis B virus flares. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of using lamivudine prophylaxis was $33,514 per life year saved.

Conclusion:

Our results provide pharmacoeconomic support for the use of lamivudine prophylaxis in patients undergoing chemotherapy for lymphoma treatment. (HEPATOLOGY 2007.)