bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of aromatherapy on the mood state and resilience of pregnant women: A clinical trial
Authors: Hajibagheri Fatemeh , Fahami Fariba , Valiani Mahboubeh 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND:
Pregnancy has always been associated with rapid physiological, emotional, and social changes that can cause mothers’ stress and anxiety, eventually leading to psychological effects. Therefore, resilience and knowing how to deal with stress during pregnancy are of great importance. As a result, this study aimed to investigate the effects of aromatherapy on pregnant women’s mood and resilience.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This clinical trial study was conducted on 70 pregnant women in 2021. Participants were randomly selected from Isfahan’s health centers and then divided into two groups. A handkerchief sprinkled with orange blossom essential oil was given to the experimental group to inhale for an hour, three times a week for a month. However, the control group received only the usual care. The mood state and resilience of the participants were evaluated before the intervention, immediately after, and also one month after the intervention. Data analysis was carried out using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPPS) 24.0, independent-samples t-test, Chi-square, and Mann–Whitney U-test.

RESULTS:
According to the results, the score of mood state in the experimental group was 60/97±14/26 before the intervention, 40/97±14/30 immediately after receiving the intervention, and 49/86±11/78 one month after the intervention. These findings indicated that the score of mood state in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0/05). Moreover, the mean score of resilience in the experimental group was 60/83±13/02 before the intervention, 66/54±7/85 immediately after receiving the intervention, and 62/80±8/07 one month after the intervention. The results showed that the mean score of this variable was significantly higher in the experimental group compared with the control group immediately after the intervention and insignificantly higher than the control group one month after the intervention.

CONCLUSION:
Aromatherapy with orange blossom oil can enhance mothers’ mood state and resilience during the third trimester. As a result, orange blossom oil can be used as a complementary therapy.
A comparative study of the effectiveness of self-management and group management on the amount of weight loss of nurses under low-calorie diet treatment: A simultaneous mixed-methods study
Authors: Mahdavi-Roshan Marjan , Salimi Sanaz , Pourghane Parand , Ashouri Asieh , Haghighatkhah Motahare , Karami Samaneh 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND:
Nursing is a profession that is associated with a lot of stress and a risk of being overweight or obese. The purpose of this research was to determine the comparative effectiveness of self-management (self-M) and group management (group-M) on nurses who were following a diet with the aim of proposing a proper planning and a healthy lifestyle for them.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This study was a simultaneous mixed-methods design (interventional and qualitative). The participants were all overweight or obese nurses working in teaching hospitals at Guilan University of Medical Sciences in 2019 (n = 96). In the qualitative part, data were extracted from semi-structured interviews. For quantitative data analysis, relevant statistical methods such as Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) were used. For qualitative data analysis, the conventional content analysis approach was used and Lincoln and Guba’s criteria were applied to ensure the accuracy of the data.

RESULTS:
In both quantitative and qualitative sections, the results showed that following a diet treatment with group-M is more effective than self-M.

CONCLUSION:
The results showed that a healthy lifestyle can be achieved for nurses if they participate in training classes and group programs, which are proven to be effective based on this article and some other studies. Also, since weight gain and obesity, as one of the most important problems of health systems, continue to increase and can impose a heavy economic and social burden on human societies, various general policies should be used and these solutions can range from home to society to prevent and control them.
Implementation of positive psychology to surmount demoralization caused by a cataclysm in select works of Svetlana Alexievich
Authors: Syeda Pinky S. J. , Devi Rema 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND:
Cataclysm refers to a large-scale and violent event involving disaster, catastrophe, calamity, and tragedy. The recent surge of a pandemic (coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)), humanitarian crisis in Sudan, civil unrest, and war, such as the attacks in Syria and Ukraine, reiterate the need to address the trauma attached to such catastrophes. This study focuses on adapting positive psychology, one of the newest branches of psychology to emerge, to help human beings prosper and lead healthy, happy lives. It also explores post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and means to overcome traumatizing psychological dejection caused by such mishaps.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Demoralization is the immediate effect caused on victims and survivors of such devastations. A comprehensive study of cataclysm and demoralization is concomitant with the suffering produced by various factors pertaining to mass annihilation. A deductive methodology is incorporated into the qualitative data to analyze the oral testimonies of war and disaster survivors in Svetlana Alexievich’s works titled Zinky Boys: Soviet Voices from the Afghanistan War, Second Hand Time, The Unwomanly Face of War and Chernobyl Prayer.

RESULTS:
Interpretation of the polyphonic voices in the oral sagas of interviewees in Alexievich’s works reveals an increased level of anxiety, stress, and trauma post-catastrophic events.

CONCLUSION:
The implementation of positive psychology has been identified as an appropriate psychological intervention to address the issues related to psychological devastation.
Characteristics the Living, Working Conditions, and Nutrition of Seafarers Working on Transoceanic Ships: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Hai Ha Nguyen Thị , Bao Nam Nguyen , Truong Son Nguyen , Van Tam Nguyen 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Seafaring is a particularly strenuous and hazardous profession. When sailing at sea, the ship is both a living place and a working place for the seafarers. Working conditions at sea are extremely difficult, they often have to work in harsh conditions of nature and workers have to suffer loneliness, isolation from the mainland. The aim of this research is to describe the living, working conditions, and nutrition of seafarers working on transoceanic ships.

Subjects and Methods:
Four hundred Vietnamese crew members working on 21 ocean freighters docked at Hai Phong and Cai Lan ports in Quang Ninh province, Vietnam in 2021. Using cross-sectional, descriptive, epidemiological methods through observation and measurement of the room area, the area of the gym, the equipment for exercise on the ship of the crew; direct interviews with all crew members about living, working and nutritional conditions on board: Recreational conditions; physical training; drink beer, wine; smoke; shiftwork; time a sea trip; micro-social environment on board; the crew’s nutrition.

Results:
Micro-social environment on board (100% male), 100% crew working in shifts work; the living room and the gym room are narrow; monotonous, boring life, poor cultural and spiritual activities; inadequate and lack of exercise equipment. 61.5% of crew members smoke; 48.7% of seafarers do not exercise, 32.5% exercise infrequently, 18.8% exercise regularly; 88.7% of seafarers drink alcohol, of which 22.5% of seafarer’s abuse alcohol. The crew’s nutrition is unreasonable and unbalanced, excess protein, lipid, and lack of green vegetables: Unreasonable diet (79.2%); excess energy diet (68.8%); diets high in protid (58.5%), high in lipids (54.8%), unbalanced in the ratio of animal/vegetable protid (50.2%), and lack of fiber (79.2%).

Conclusion:
The living and working conditions of crew members are still difficult and not guaranteed. Improper and unbalanced nutrition, excess protein, and lipid but lack of fruit and fiber.
The Role of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Magnetic Resonance Perfusion and Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography in Post-Radiotherapy Evaluation of Gliomas to Detect Recurrence
Authors: Taneja Sachin , Sarin Arti , Tyagi Kirti , Semwal Manoj Kumar , Mukherjee Deboleena , Sidhu Harkirat Singh , Ray Sougat 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background and Aim:
In this article, the findings of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), magnetic resonance (MR) perfusion, and positron emission tomography (PET) will be compared and finally correlated with the histopathological examination in all patients having positive imaging findings. The sensitivity and specificity of MRS, MR perfusion, and PET in diagnosing residual/recurrent glioma would be estimated using the histopathological diagnosis as a gold standard.

Materials and Methods:
Twenty-nine cases of intracranial glioma that had undergone surgery, followed by adjuvant radiotherapy were enrolled in the study. All 29 patients underwent MRS, MR perfusion, and fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET.

Results:
The sensitivity of MRS to detect recurrence was found to be 83.3% and specificity was 100%. The positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were 100% and 33.3%, respectively. The diagnostic accuracy of MRS was found to be 84.6%. The sensitivity and specificity of MR perfusion to detect recurrence were 91.7% and 100%, respectively. The diagnostic accuracy of MR perfusion is 92.3%. The NPV of MR perfusion was found to be 50%. The sensitivity of PET scans to detect recurrence was 83.3% and specificity was 100%. The PPV of PET was 100% and the NPV was 33.3%. The diagnostic accuracy of the PET scan was found to be 84.6%.

Conclusions:
Our study shows that all three modalities are useful, however, MR perfusion study is better than MRS and FDG PET in detecting recurrence. MR contrast with perfusion and spectroscopy and FDG PET scan should be included in the protocol for radiotherapy-treated gliomas to differentiate between radiation necrosis, postradiotherapy gliosis, and recurrent/residual tumor.
Real-Life Experience of Safety Profile of a Rituximab Biosimilar (Reditux®) in Patients at a Rheumatology Center in India
Authors: Singh Ramakant , Vasdev Vivek , Bhatt Satyam , Kumar Ashwani , Kumar Abhishek , Roy Kaushik 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Aim:
The aim of this study was to study the safety profile of a rituximab (RTX) biosimilar Reditux® in patients of rheumatological disorders at a tertiary care hospital in North India.

Methodology:
An observational study was carried out to ascertain the safety of RTX in rheumatology patients. A total of 60 patients initiated on RTX were followed up for a mean duration of 14 months for adverse events.

Results:
A total of seven mild infusion reactions were recorded during the first infusion of RTX. Eighteen infective events were recorded including a case of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB), three cases of hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation, four cases of herpes zoster, and a fatal case of disseminated varicella infection. There were no cases of JC virus infection or malignancies in our study.

Conclusion:
This study highlights a much higher incidence of infections following the use of RTX in India as compared to international studies published so far. We also observed a higher rate of reactivation of HBV, varicella zoster virus, and TB in our cohort. This emphasizes the need for revising protocols for screening, vaccination, and chemoprophylaxis for chronic infections in countries with high burden of infections.
Experience of a therapeutic plasma exchange program in a pediatric intensive care unit: A single-center retrospective observational study from Canada
Authors: Holt Tanya R. , Cyr Amélie , Griffin Olivia , Reid Jaclyn , Hansen Gregory 
Published: March 2024

Background:
Pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) may not have timely access to therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) for critically ill patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the common indications for TPE in a smaller tertiary PICU-developed TPE program and to evaluate the associated predictors of mortality. We hypothesized that a PICU-developed TPE program could provide timely access for a wide breadth of pathologies and can be delivered safely.

Subjects and Methods:
This was a retrospective case-comparison within-cohort study in a PICU from Canada. Data from pediatric patients between October 2015 and January 2022 was examined. The study included all patients < 18 years admitted to the PICU and requiring TPE. Multiorgan dysfunction syndrome (MODS) was defined to agree with the International Pediatric Sepsis Consensus Conference. Proportions, medians, and interquartile ranges (IQR) were calculated where appropriate.

Results:
Twenty-five patients with a median age of 14 years underwent 118 acute TPE runs. The most common diagnosis (24%) was MODS. The median time from PICU admission to initiation of TPE was 38 h (IQR: 5–113.5) hours. The median PICU length of stay was 10 (IQR: 5.5–26) days. Twenty percent (n = 5) of patients who received TPE acutely in the PICU required chronic TPE. There were no adverse events.

Conclusions:
TPE may be delivered quickly and safely from a small PICU for many indications, with MODS being the most common.
Relationship between Gravidity, Parity, and Neurophysiological Features in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) Patients with a History of Pregnancy
Authors: Buturak Ş , Fidancı H , Yıldız M , Arlıer Z 
Published: March 2024

Background:
It is not yet clear if gravidity and parity have any relationships with the electrodiagnostic parameters of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS).

Objective:
To determine whether there is a relationship between electrodiagnostic findings, gravidity, and parity number in CTS.

Materials and Methods:
Female patients over 18 years of age with CTS were included in this retrospective cohort study. The gravidity/parity number, median nerve compound muscle action potential (CMAP), and compound nerve action potential (CNAP) of the patients were analyzed. The two subgroups of the Boston carpal tunnel syndrome questionnaire (BCTSQ): The Symptom Severity Scale (SSS) and Functional Severity Scale (FSS) were applied to the patients. CTS patients were divided into two groups aged at first pregnancy ≤20 years and >20 years.

Results:
One hundred and eight CTS extremities (seven right-sided CTS, three left-sided CTS, 49 bilateral CTS) of 59 patients were included. The median (interquartile range: 25%–75%) number of gravidity, parity, and abortion were 3 (2-5), 3 (2-4), and 0 (0-0), respectively. Right-sided CTS patients at the age of first pregnancy ≤20 years had higher BCTSQ-SSS/FSS scores and median nerve CMAP latency compared to patients at the age of first pregnancy >20 years (P = 0.029 for SSS; P = 0.042 for FSS; and P = 0.041 for CMAP latency). A negative correlation was found between the gravidity/parity numbers and median nerve CNAP/CMAP amplitudes (P = 0.028/0.031, r = −0.293/−0.289 for CNAP amplitude; and P = 0.006/0.035, r = −0.363/−0.283 for CMAP amplitude).

Conclusion:
Neurophysiological findings worsen as the number of gravidity and parity increase. Electrodiagnostic and clinical features of CTS may be worsening in females below 20 years at first pregnancy.
Separation and relative quasiconvexity criteria for relatively geometric actions
Authors: Einstein Eduard , Groves Daniel , Ng Thomas 
Published: March 2024

Bowditch characterized relative hyperbolicity in terms of group actions on fine hyperbolic graphs with finitely many edge orbits and finite edge stabilizers. In this paper, we define generalized fine actions on hyperbolic graphs, in which the peripheral subgroups are allowed to stabilize finite subgraphs rather than stabilizing a point. Generalized fine actions are useful for studying groups that act relatively geometrically on a CAT(0) cube complex, which were recently defined by the first two authors. Specifically, we show that any group acting relatively geometrically on a CAT(0) cube complex admits a generalized fine action on the one-skeleton of the cube complex. For generalized fine actions, we prove a criterion for relative quasiconvexity of subgroups that cocompactly stabilize quasiconvex subgraphs, generalizing a result of Martínez-Pedroza and Wise in the setting of fine hyperbolic graphs. As an application, we obtain a characterization of boundary separation in generalized fine graphs and use it to prove that Bowditch boundary points in relatively geometric actions are always separated by a hyperplane stabilizer.
Tuberculosis in United States-Bound Follow-to-Join Asylees, 2014–2019
Authors: Liu Yecai , Posey Drew L. , Weinberg Michelle S. , Phares Christina R. 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT.
Persons may seek asylum in the United States or at a U.S. port of entry. Principal asylees are those who are granted asylum status. Their spouse and unmarried children under 21 years of age may be granted asylum if accompanying, or following to join, the principal asylees. U.S.-bound follow-to-join asylees must undergo an overseas medical examination that includes tuberculosis (TB) screening. Culture-based overseas TB screening in U.S.-bound follow-to-join asylees has not been evaluated. We evaluated data from overseas TB screening in 19,088 arrivals of follow-to-join asylees during 2014–2019 and assessed data from their postarrival evaluation, which is recommended for those at risk for TB. Of 19,088 arrivals of follow-to-join asylees, 29 (152 cases/100,000 persons) met criteria for class B0 TB (recent completion of TB treatment overseas) and 340 (1,781 cases/100,000 persons) met criteria for class B1 pulmonary TB (chest radiograph/clinical symptoms suggestive of TB but negative sputum cultures overseas). Of 6,847 persons aged 2 to 14 years from countries with a WHO-estimated TB incidence of ≥20 cases/100,000 population/year, 408 (6.0%) were classified as class B2 latent TB infection (LTBI). Postarrival evaluations were completed in 44.8%, 51.5%, and 40.4% of persons with class B0 TB, class B1 TB, and class B2 LTBI, respectively. In conclusion, culture-based overseas TB screening in U.S.-bound follow-to-join asylees is effective in identifying those with TB (class B0 TB) or those at risk for TB (class B1 TB and class B2 LTBI). Completion of postarrival evaluation for newly arrived follow-to-join asylees was less frequent than that reported for immigrants and refugees.
Evaluating Malaria Rapid Diagnostic Tests and Microscopy for Detecting Plasmodium Infection and Status of Plasmodium falciparum Histidine-Rich Protein 2/3 Gene Deletions in Southeastern Nigeria
Authors: Ikegbunam Moses , Maurer Maike , Abone Harrison , Ezeagwuna Dorothy , Sandri Thaisa Lucas , Esimone Charles , Ojurongbe Olusola , Woldearegai Tamirat Gebru , Kreidenweiss Andrea , Held Jana , Fendel Rolf 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT.
Delays in malaria diagnosis increase treatment failures and deaths. In endemic regions, standard diagnostic methods are microscopy and malaria rapid diagnostic tests (mRDTs) detecting Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2/3 (PFHRP2/PFHRP3), but gene deletions can allow certain parasites to remain undetected. We enlisted a cohort comprising 207 symptomatic individuals, encompassing both children and adults, at a hospital in Nnewi, Nigeria. The prevalence of parasites was determined using a highly sensitive, species-specific quantitative polymerase chain reaction (SS-qPCR). Within a subset of 132 participants, we assessed the sensitivity and specificity of microscopy and HRP2-mRDTs in comparison to SS-qPCR for the detection of P. falciparum. We also investigated the prevalence of pfhrp2/pfhrp3 gene deletions. Greater sensitivity was achieved with mRDTs (95%) compared with microscopy (77%). Also, mRDTs exhibited greater specificity (68%) than microscopy (44%). The positive predictive value of mRDTs (89%) surpassed that of microscopy (80%), suggesting a greater probability of accurately indicating the presence of infection. The negative predictive value of mRDTs (82%) was far greater than microscopy (39%). Of the 165 P. falciparum–positive samples screened for pfhrp2/pfhrp3 gene deletions, one gene deletion was detected in one sample. Regarding infection prevalence, 84% were positive for Plasmodium spp. (by reverse transcription [RT]-qPCR), with P. falciparum responsible for the majority (97%) of positive cases. Thus, exclusive reliance on microscopy in endemic areas may impede control efforts resulting from false negatives, underscoring the necessity for enhanced training and advocating for high-throughput molecular testing such as RT-qPCR or qPCR at referral centers to address limitations.
Treatment Outcome in Patients with Disseminated Cysticercosis: A Systematic Review of Case Reports and Case Series
Authors: Garg Ravindra Kumar , Rizvi Imran , Chakravarty Rajarshi , Malhotra Hardeep Singh , Kumar Neeraj 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT.
Disseminated cysticercosis is defined by multiple brain lesions and involvement of other body sites. Cysticidal treatment in disseminated cysticercosis is considered life-threatening. We conducted a systematic review of all published cases and case series to assess the safety and efficacy of cysticidal treatment. We conducted a systematic review in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines (PROSPERO CRD42022331895) to assess the safety and efficacy of cysticidal treatment. Using the search term “disseminated neurocysticercosis OR disseminated cysticercosis,” databases like PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Google Scholar were searched. Outcomes included death and secondary measures like clinical improvement and lesion reduction. We calculated the predictors of primary outcome (death) using the binary logistic regression analysis. We reviewed 222 published cases from 101 publications. Approximately 87% cases were reported from India. Of 222 cases, 134 (60%) received cysticidal treatment. Follow-up information was available from 180 patients, 11 of them died, and 169 showed clinical improvement. The death rate was 4% (5 out of 114) in patients treated with cysticidal drugs plus corticosteroids, in comparison with 13% (5 out of 38) in patients who were treated with corticosteroids alone. All patients using only praziquantel faced fatality. Death predictors identified were altered sensorium and lack of treatment with albendazole. We noted that the risk of death after cysticidal treatment is not as we expected, and a multicentric randomized controlled trial is needed to resolve this issue.