bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gender and Hmong Women's Handicrafts in Fenghuang's ‘Tourism Great Leap Forward,’ China
Authors: Feng Xianghong 
Published: December 2007

AbstractFenghuang County in rural Hunan Province started its “Tourism Great Leap Forward” in 2002, when the county government granted a 50‐year lease for development rights over eight local major tourist sites to Yellow Dragon Cave Corporation (YDCC) headquartered in Changsha City, the capital of Hunan. Based on ethnographic research in 2002 and 2005–2006, this article explores the sociocultural impacts of Fenghuang's tourism development on local Hmong women's gender roles and their traditional handicrafts. According to the official state development discourse, local Hmong communities' traditional ethnic culture is associated with both poverty and the solution to poverty. Local Hmong women's handicraft practice in the context of tourism is used in this article to illustrate how local people react to this dilemma, and how ethnic minorities and rural residents are being drawn into the widening orbit of contemporary China's neoliberal economic development.
Reversal of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes in Mice by Cellular Transduction With Recombinant Pancreatic Transcription Factor Pancreatic Duodenal Homeobox-1
Authors: Koya Vijay , Lu Shun , Sun Yu-Ping , Purich Daniel L. , Atkinson Mark A. , Li Shi-Wu , Yang Li-Jun 
Published: December 2007

OBJECTIVE—The key pancreatic transcription factor pancreatic duodenal homeobox-1 (Pdx1), known to control development and maintenance of pancreatic β-cells, possesses a protein transduction domain (PTD) that facilitates its entry into cells. We therefore sought to evaluate the capacity of in vivo–administered recombinant Pdx1 (rPdx1) to ameliorate hyperglycemia in mice with streptozotocin-induced diabetes.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—Cell entry and transcriptional regulatory properties of rPdx1 protein and its PTD-deletion mutant rPdx1Δ protein, as well as a PTD–green fluorescent protein, were evaluated in vitro. After intraperitoneal rPdx1 injection into mice with streptozotocin-induced diabetes, we assessed its action on blood glucose levels, insulin content, intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT), Pdx1 distribution, pancreatic gene expression, islet cell proliferation, and organ histology.
RESULTS—Restoration of euglycemia in Pdx1-treated diabetic mice was evident by improved IPGTT and glucose-stimulated insulin release. Insulin, glucagon, and Ki67 immunostaining revealed increased islet cell number and proliferation in pancreata of rPdx1-treated mice. Real-time PCR of pancreas and liver demonstrated upregulation of INS and PDX1 genes and other genes relevant to pancreas regeneration. While the time course of β-cell gene expression and serum/tissue insulin levels indicated that both liver- and pancreas-derived insulin contributed to restoration of normoglycemia, near-total pancreatectomy resulted in hyperglycemia, suggesting that β-cell regeneration played the primary role in rPdx1-induced glucose homeostasis.
CONCLUSIONS—rPdx1 treatment of mice with streptozotocin-induced diabetes promotes β-cell regeneration and liver cell reprogramming, leading to restoration of normoglycemia. This novel PTD-based protein therapy offers a promising way to treat patients with diabetes while avoiding potential side effects associated with the use of viral vectors.
Organic Thin Film Transistors with Polymer Brush Gate Dielectrics Synthesized by Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization
Authors: Pinto J. C. , Whiting G. L. , Khodabakhsh S. , Torre L. , Rodríguez A. , Dalgliesh R. M. , Higgins A. M. , Andreasen J. W. , Nielsen M. M. , Geoghegan M. , Huck W. T. S. , Sirringhaus H. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractLow operating voltage is an important requirement that must be met for industrial adoption of organic field‐effect transistors (OFETs). We report here solution fabricated polymer brush gate insulators with good uniformity, low surface roughness and high capacitance. These ultra thin polymer films, synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), were used to fabricate low voltage OFETs with both evaporated pentacene and solution deposited poly(3‐hexylthiophene). The semiconductor‐dielectric interfaces in these systems were studied with a variety of methods including scanning force microscopy, grazing incidence X‐ray diffraction and neutron reflectometry. These studies highlighted key differences between the surfaces of brush and spun cast polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) films.
Numerical modeling of a high pressure thawing process of a biomaterial
Authors: Ousegui A. , LeBail A. , Havet M. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractA numerical model for predicting temperature and velocity fields during conjugate heat transfer in a high pressure (HP) (∼200 MPa) thawing process presented. This model considers the apparent specific heat formulation to solve the energy equation with phase change and the shift approach to extrapolate thermophysical properties at HP. It does not require the adjustement of the convective heat transfer coefficient. The compressible flow of water in the HP vessel is calculated. It is shown that the fluid motion is dominated by forced convection in the compression phase and by natural convection during the holding phase. A very good agreement between numerical and experimental results is obtained. Additional simulations carried out at various pressures permit to assess the influence of the pressure level on the thawing time. The analysis of the phase change inside the food and of the velocity field inside the vessel clearly demonstrates the great potential of this model to optimize this HP process at an industrial scale. © 2007 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2008
Phenotype–genotype characterization of alpha‐thalassemia mental retardation syndrome due to isolated monosomy of 16p13.3
Authors: Gibson William T. , Harvard Chansonette , Qiao Ying , Somerville Martin J. , Lewis M.E. Suzanne , Rajcan‐Separovic Evica 
Published: December 2007

AbstractAn 8‐year‐old Caucasian girl presented with mild dysmorphic features and intellectual disability (ID) affecting multiple spheres. Dysmorphisms included a high forehead with up‐slanting palpebral fissures, prominent nasal root and bridge, flattened maxilla, high‐arched palate, and anterior frenulum. Structural brain anomalies included reduced periventricular white matter volume and thin corpus callosum. The presence of HbH bodies and her clinical presentation raised suspicion for autosomal alpha‐thalassemia mental retardation syndrome (ATR‐16). Whole‐genome array analysis at 1 Mb resolution was performed, which revealed a sub‐microscopic loss of 16p involving clones RP11‐344L6 at 0.1 Mb, RP1‐121I4 at 0.2 Mb and RP11‐334D3 at 1 Mb. FISH confirmed deletion (del) of the terminal clone (RP1‐121I4) on 16pter, which was de novo in origin. The more proximal clone RP11‐334D3 (at 1 Mb) showed diminished FISH signal intensity on one of the homologues, suggesting that one breakpoint occurred within this clone. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) confirmed a de novo deletion encompassing SOX8 (at 0.97 Mb). ATR‐16 is characterized by ID with mild, nonspecific dysmorphic features, and is associated with terminal del16p (MIM No. 141750). Cases of isolated monosomy for 16p are rarely described; such descriptions help to delineate the syndrome in the absence of confounding karyotypic anomalies. We describe detailed molecular cytogenetic and clinical findings relating to a subject with ATR‐16. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cytogenetic study of spontaneous abortions using semi‐direct analysis of chorionic villi samples detects the broadest spectrum of chromosome abnormalities
Authors: Morales Carme , Sánchez Aurora , Bruguera Jordi , Margarit Ester , Borrell Antoni , Borobio Virginia , Soler Anna 
Published: December 2007

AbstractConventional tissue culturing and karyotyping of spontaneous abortions has limitations such as culture failure, external contamination and selective growth of maternal cells. Molecular cytogenetic techniques such as FISH, QF‐PCR, and CGH allow diagnosis on uncultured cells but are also limited as to the spectrum of cytogenetic abnormalities detected. We describe the cytogenetic findings in a series of 116 first trimester arrested pregnancies, obtained through chorionic villi sampling (CVS) and semi‐direct analysis that avoids some of the long‐culture pitfalls such as maternal contamination, and compare our results with those that would have been obtained theoretically using molecular cytogenetic techniques. Samples were obtained by transcervical CVS from women with a diagnosis of missed abortion, most of them referred for cytogenetic prenatal diagnosis. Cytogenetic analysis was performed using semi‐direct technique. A karyotype was obtained in 103 cases. Eighty‐two abnormal karyotypes were found (80%), including 12 triploidies, 10 monosomies, 61 trisomies, and 9 structural abnormalities; a double abnormality being present in 10 cases. Between 10% and 50% of our abnormal results would have been missed using the most common molecular cytogenetic techniques. Semi‐direct analysis of CVS may still be considered as a comprehensive, reasonably rapid, cost‐effective and reliable method for detecting the broadest spectrum of chromosome abnormalities in missed abortions. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fragile X full mutation alleles composed of few alleles: Implications for CGG repeat expansion
Authors: Nolin Sarah L. , Ding Xiao‐hua , Houck George E. , Brown W. Ted , Dobkin Carl 
Published: December 2007

AbstractSouthern analysis of the FMR1 repeat region has suggested that individuals with the full mutation usually carry a heterogeneous array of FMR1 alleles in somatic tissue that can range from 200 to more than 1,000 repeats. Our studies indicate that this heterogeneity is an artifact generated by ethidium bromide commonly used in Southern analysis. When analyzed in the absence of ethidium bromide, nearly all full mutation individuals carried only one to four major alleles and did not exhibit the heterogeneity often referred to as a “smear” in the literature. Full mutations in chorionic villi, however, exhibited much greater heterogeneity. Nine transmissions from mothers with full mutation alleles to offspring indicated that the full mutations continued to expand in transmission to the next generation. In contrast, analysis of leukocyte DNA from three full mutation males revealed no change in somatic full mutation alleles over many years. Our studies support the hypothesis that the FMR1 CGG repeat instability is limited to very early embryogenesis in the soma. These studies also have clinical importance because the omission of ethidium bromide will facilitate the diagnosis of females with full mutation alleles. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Aeruginosine: Chemie und Biologie der Serinprotease‐Inhibitoren
Authors: Ersmark Karolina , Del Valle Juan R. , Hanessian Stephen 
Published: December 2007

AbstractDie Aeruginusine wurden aus Meeresschwämmen und cyanobakteriellen Wasserblüten isoliert, die in phylogenetisch sehr unterschiedlichen und geographisch weit voneinander entfernten Gewässern vorkommen. Gemeinsam ist den Aeruginosinen eine zentrale Hydroxy‐ (oder Dihydroxy‐)octahydroindolcarboxamid‐Kerneinheit, an deren Carboxy‐ und Aminoende ungewöhnliche Aminosäuren zu einem linearen Peptid aufgereiht sind. Einige der Aeruginosine entfalten ausgezeichnete Serinprotease‐Inhibitoraktivität in vitro, wofür drei wichtige pharmakophore Untereinheiten verantwortlich sind, die exakt angeordnet sein müssen: eine argininmimetische Untereinheit (P1) und zwei hydrophobe Reste an den Positionen P2 und P3, die bestimmte Wechselwirkungen eingehen können. In diesem Aufsatz bieten wir den ersten umfassenden Überblick über das chemische und biologische Verhalten der Aeruginosine. Besondere Aufmerksamkeit gilt dabei den Herkunftsorten der Substanzen, Strukturrevisionen und Totalsynthesen.
Die vielseitige Chemie von Bodipy‐Fluoreszenzfarbstoffen
Authors: Ulrich Gilles , Ziessel Raymond , Harriman Anthony 
Published: December 2007

AbstractOrganische Luminophore wurden lange nur in biologischen Markierungsverfahren und bestimmten analytischen Nachweisen angewendet, doch in jüngster Zeit werden auch neuartige organische elektronische Materialien und Farbstoffe für die aufstrebende Nanotechnologie entwickelt. Unter vielen verschiedenartigen Fluoreszenzfarbstoffen erwiesen sich dabei die Bodipy‐Farbstoffe, die zunächst als Lumineszenzmarker und Laserfarbstoffe entwickelt worden waren, als besonders geeignet. Dieser “kleinen Schwester des Porphyrins” scheinen große Perspektiven offenzustehen.
Correlation of hemocyte counts with different developmental parameters during the last larval instar of the tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta
Authors: Beetz Susann , Holthusen Traute K. , Koolman Jan , Trenczek Tina 
Published: December 2007

AbstractWe determined the changes in hemocyte titer and in the abundance of hemocyte types of the tobacco hornworm Manduca sexta during the fourth and fifth larval stadium and the beginning of the pupal stadium. As we analyzed the samples of individual insects at daily intervals, we were able to correlate phenotypical features, body weight, as well as total protein content and lysozyme activity in the hemolymph with the observations on hemocytes. In the course of the fifth larval stadium, the hemocyte titer decreased slightly and declined further after pupation. Using calculated values for total hemocyte numbers, females had about five times and males three times more hemocytes in the circulating population at the beginning of the wandering stage (in the middle of the fifth larval stadium) than immediately after the last larval–larval molt (from the fourth to the fifth larval stadium). This sexual difference was mainly due to an increase in the number of plasmatocytes, which was more prominent in females than in males. Granular cells were dominant in early fifth larval stadium while plasmatocytes were the most abundant cells in pupae. Oenocytoids and spherule cells disappeared during the wandering stage. Lysozyme activity in the hemolymph rose to a maximum during the wandering stage, with females having lysozyme values twice as high as those for males. These changes in lysozyme activity, however, did not correlate with the increase of total hemolymph protein titer which occurred already at the beginning of the wandering stage. We postulate that changes in hemocyte titers are under direct hormonal control, which has to be proven in future experiments. Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol. 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Farnesoic acid O‐methyl transferase (FAMeT) isoforms: Conserved traits and gene expression patterns related to caste differentiation in the stingless bee, Melipona scutellaris
Authors: Vieira Carlos U. , Bonetti Ana M. , Simões Zilá L.P. , Maranhão Andréa Q. , Costa Christiane S. , Costa Maria Cristina R. , Siquieroli Ana Carolina S. , Nunes Francis M.F. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractFarnesoic acid O‐methyl transferase (FAMeT) is the enzyme that catalyzes the formation of methyl farnesoate (MF) from farnesoic acid (FA) in the biosynthetic pathway of juvenile hormone (JH). This work reports the cloning, sequencing, and expression of FAMeT gene from the stingless bee Melipona scutellaris (MsFAMeT). The MsFAMeT in silico analysis showed that greatest sequence similarity is found in Apis mellifera and other insects, while relatively less similarity is shown in crustaceans. Evidence of alternative splicing of a 27 nucleotide (nt) microexon explains the presence of the detected isoforms, 1 and 2. The expression analysis of the two isoforms showed a marked difference when castes were compared, suggesting that they could be involved differently in the JH metabolism in M. scutellaris, providing new insights for the comprehension of female plasticity. Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol. 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparison of the potential for developmental toxicity of prenatal exposure to two dietary chromium supplements, chromium picolinate and [Cr3O(O2CCH2CH3)6(H2O)3]+, in mice
Authors: Bailey M.M. , Sturdivant J. , Jernigan P.L. , Townsend M.B. , Bushman J. , Ankareddi I. , Rasco J.F. , Hood R.D. , Vincent J.B. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND: Chromium(III) is generally thought to be an essential trace element that allows for proper glucose metabolism. However, chromium(III) picolinate, Cr(pic)3, a popular dietary supplement form of chromium, has been shown to be capable of generating hydroxyl radicals and oxidative DNA damage in rats. The cation [Cr3O(O2CCH2CH3)6(H2O)3]+, Cr3, has been studied as an alternative supplemental source of chromium. It has been shown to increase insulin sensitivity and lower glycated hemoglobin levels in rats, making it attractive as a potential therapeutic treatment for gestational diabetes. To date, no studies have been published regarding the safety of Cr3 supplementation to a developing fetus. METHODS: From gestation days (GD) 6–17, mated CD‐1 female mice were fed diets delivering either 25 mg Cr/kg/day as Cr(pic)3, 3.3 or 26 mg Cr/kg/day as Cr3, or the diet only to determine if Cr3 could cause developmental toxicity. Dams were sacrificed on GD 17, and their litters were examined for adverse effects. RESULTS: No signs of maternal toxicity were observed. No decrease in fetal weight or significantly increased incidence of skeletal defects was observed in the Cr3 or Cr(pic)3 exposed fetuses compared to the controls. CONCLUSION: Maternal exposure to either Cr(pic)3 or Cr3 at the dosages employed did not appear to cause deleterious effects to the developing offspring in mice. Birth Defects Res (Part B), 80:1–5, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Zinc(II) Coordination Complexes as Membrane‐Active Fluorescent Probes and Antibiotics
Authors: DiVittorio Kristy M. , Leevy W. Matthew , O'Neil Edward J. , Johnson James R. , Vakulenko Sergei , Morris Joshua D. , Rosek Kristine D. , Serazin Nathan , Hilkert Sarah , Hurley Scott , Marquez Manuel , Smith Bradley D. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractMolecular probes with zinc(II)‐(2,2′‐dipicolylamine) coordination complexes associate with oxyanions in aqueous solution and target biomembranes that contain anionic phospholipids. This study examines a new series of coordination complexes with 2,6‐bis(zinc(II)‐dipicolylamine)phenoxide as the molecular recognition unit. Two lipophilic analogues are observed to partition into the membranes of zwitterionic and anionic vesicles and induce the transport of phospholipids and hydrophilic anions (carboxyfluorescein). These lipophilic zinc complexes are moderately toxic to mammalian cells. A more hydrophilic analogue does not exhibit mammalian cell toxicity (LD50 >50 μg mL−1), but it is highly active against the Gram‐positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (MIC of 1 μg mL−1). Furthermore, it is active against clinically important S. aureus strains that are resistant to various antibiotics, including vancomycin and oxacillin. The antibiotic action is attributed to its ability to depolarize the bacterial cell membrane. The intense bacterial staining that was exhibited by a fluorescent conjugate suggests that this family of zinc coordination complexes can be used as molecular probes for the detection and imaging of bacteria.
Cell‐Specific Internalization Study of an Aptamer from Whole Cell Selection
Authors: Xiao Zeyu , Shangguan Dihua , Cao Zehui , Fang Xiaohong , Tan Weihong 
Published: December 2007

AbstractNucleic acid aptamers have been shown many unique applications as excellent probes in molecular recognition. However, few examples are reported which show that aptamers can be internalized inside living cells for aptamer functional studies and for targeted intracellular delivery. This is mainly due to the limited number of aptamers available for cell‐specific recognition, and the lack of research on their extra‐ and intracellular functions. One of the major difficulties in aptamers' in vivo application is that most of aptamers, unlike small molecules, cannot be directly taken up by cells without external assistance. In this work, we have studied a newly developed and cell‐specific DNA aptamer, sgc8. This aptamer has been selected through a novel cell selection process (cell‐SELEX), in which whole intact cells are used as targets while another related cell line is used as a negative control. The cell‐SELEX enables generation of multiple aptamers for molecular recognition of the target cells and has significant advantages in discovering cell surface binding molecules for the selected aptamers. We have studied the cellular internalization of one of the selected aptamers. Our results show that sgc8 is internalized efficiently and specifically to the lymphoblastic leukemia cells. The internalized sgc8 aptamers are located inside the endosome. Comparison studies are done with the antibody for the binding protein of sgc8, PTK7 (Human protein tyrosine kinase‐7) on cell surface. We also studied the internalization kinetics of both the aptamer and the antibody for the same protein on the living cell surface. We have further evaluated the effects of sgc8 on cell viability, and no cytotoxicity is observed. This study indicates that sgc8 is a promising agent for cell‐type specific intracellular delivery.
ChemInform Abstract: Ca4Au10In3: Synthesis, Structure, and Bonding Analysis. The Chemical and Electronic Transformations from the Isotypic Zr7Ni10 Intermetallic.
Authors: Lin Qisheng , Corbett John D. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Structure, and Electric Conductivity of Ferrous Tainiolite and Its Oxidative Conversion into Coarse‐Grained Swellable Smectite.
Authors: Mariychuk Ruslan , Baumgartner Alexander , Wagner Friedrich E. , Lerf Anton , Dubbe Andreas , Moos Ralf , Breu Josef 
Published: December 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: First‐Principles Determination of Multicomponent Hydride Phase Diagrams: Application to the Li—Mg—N—H System.
Authors: Akbarzadeh Alireza R. , Ozolins Vidvuds , Wolverton Christopher 
Published: December 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Lithium Iron Pyrophosphate (LiFe1.5P2O7) as a Positive Electrode for Li‐Ion Batteries.
Authors: Ramana C. V. , Ait‐Salah A. , Utsunomiya S. , Mauger A. , Gendron F. , Julien C. M. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Photoinduced Formation of N2 Molecules in Ammonium Compounds.
Authors: Rubensson Jan‐Erik , et al. et al. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.