bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Copper nanoparticle biosynthesis and characterization utilizing a bioflocculant from Kytococcus sedentarius
Authors: Sibisi Minenhle Peculiar Deo-volente , Basson Albertus Kotze , Ntombela Zuzingcebo Golden , Pullabhotla Viswanadha Srirama Rajasekhar 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The application of microbial flocculants in nanoparticle synthesis is attracting scientists to utilize them due to their eco-friendliness. This study was mainly focused on biosynthesizing and characterizing copper nanoparticles from a non-pathogenic microorganism Kytococcus sedentarius to produce bioflocculant. The formed copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) were analyzed using UV–vis spectroscope (UV–vis), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA). After extraction and purification, 2.4 g was produced from bioflocculant in a 1 L culture fermentation mixture. During CuNP biosynthesis, a blue color change was obtained after 24 h of incubation indicating their successful formation. A variety of elements namely, C, O, Cu, P, Ca, Mg and Al were found in the as-synthesized CuNPs with 25.23 % (wt) carbon, 20.13 % (wt) of oxygen and 23.37 % (wt) of Cu element. SEM and TEM images of the product depicted it to be agglomerated with different size and shapes. The TGA showed the CuNPs to be thermal stable as 70 % weight was retained at 900 °C with 30 % weight lost. FT-IR spectrum of the biosynthesized CuNPs contains a variety of functional groups related to sugar and proteins namely, hydroxyl, amine, carboxyl groups and a typical Cu–O bond at 559 cm−1. The crystallite size was estimated to be 28.3 nm, which is in line with JCPDS card no. 89–5899 of copper standard confirming the correct peak orientation. UV–vis analysis revealed the absorption peak to be 275 nm which confirms synthesis of the CuNPs using a bioflocculant.
Association between FOXP3 polymorphisms and expression and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder risk in the Northern Chinese Han population
Authors: Liu Jing , Wang Gaoning , Yang Jiahe , Wang Yulin , Guo Ruoyi , Li Bin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disorders. In the present study, we genotyped three single-nucleotide polymorphisms, namely, rs2232365, rs3761548, and rs3761549, to determine the relationship between FOXP3 polymorphisms and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) susceptibility among the Northern Chinese Han population.

Materials and methods
We genotyped single nucleotide polymorphisms at loci of the FOXP3 gene (rs2232365, rs3761548, and rs3761549136) in 136 NMOSD patients and 224 healthy subjects using the multiplex SNaPshot technique. Allele, genotype, and haplotype frequencies were compared. qPCR was used to analyze the mRNA expression levels of FOXP3 in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 63 NMOSD patients and 35 healthy subjects. Non-parametric tests were used to test the FOXP3 mRNA expression across the different groups.

Results
The minor allele frequency (MAF) of G in rs2232365 was markedly lower in the NMOSD group than in the control group (odds ratio [OR] = 0.57, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.41–0.79, p = 0.001). Using genetic (codominant, dominant, and recessive) models and performing haplotype analyses, the MAF of G in rs2232365 was shown to be associated with protection against NMOSD in this population. Furthermore, haplotype analysis revealed that the haplotype GCT and the rs2232365, rs3761548, and rs3761549 alleles predicted protection against NMOSD (OR = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.41–0.97, p = 0.038). The proportions of the three genotypes of rs2232365 (p = 0.001) were not significantly different between the moderate-to-severe (Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) ≥ 3 points) and mild (EDSS < 3 points) groups. Evidently, the proportion of patients with the AA genotype (64.3%) among the rs2232365 patients was significantly greater in the moderate-to-severe group than in the mild group (36.4%). However, the proportion of patients with the GG genotype (15.2%) among the rs2232365 patients was significantly greater in the mild group than in the moderate-to-severe group (2.9%). The mRNA expression of FOXP3 was markedly greater in the NMOSD group than in the control group (p = 0.001). Nevertheless, acute non-treatment patients exhibited lower FOXP3 mRNA expression than healthy controls and patients in the remission group (p = 0.004 and 0.007, respectively).

Conclusion

FOXP3 polymorphisms and haplotypes are related to NMOSD susceptibility among the Han Chinese population. The minor allele G of FOXP3 rs2232365 and the haplotype GCT are associated with protection against NMOSD. The GG genotype may decrease the severity of NMOSD, whereas the AA genotype is related to moderate-to-severe NMOSD. FOXP3 mRNA expression is greater in patients with NMOSD than in healthy controls. However, it is decreased in acute non-treatment patients compared with healthy controls.
Ab initio calculations of the chemisorption of atomic H and O on Pt and Ir metal and on bimetallic Pt
x
Ir
y
surfaces
Authors: Wittemann Tobias , Sözen Halil İbrahim , Oezaslan Mehtap , Klüner Thorsten 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Understanding the chemisorption of atoms on precious metal surfaces is of substantial interest for the rational design of heterogeneous and electrochemical catalysts. In this study, we report density functional theory (DFT) investigations of the chemisorption of atomic H and O on bimetallic Pt
x
Ir
y
(111) surfaces for bifunctional anode catalyst materials in polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells. We found that for both adsorbates, the adsorption on the Pt(111) surface is in general less exothermic than on the Ir(111) surface. Our study has revealed that chemisorption on the bimetallic surfaces becomes more stable with increasing number of Ir surface atoms at the adsorption site. While for hydrogen atoms the ONTOP sites yield the most negative adsorption energies, the chemisorption of oxygen atoms appears to be most stable on the FCC sites for both the mono- and bimetallic surfaces. Using the ab initio thermodynamics approach, we calculated phase diagrams for the chemisorption of H and O atoms on these metal surfaces in order to transfer our findings to finite temperature and pressure conditions. Our theoretical results may provide an improved understanding of the hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) on intermetallic Pt
x
Ir
y
(111) surfaces and may be helpful for the rational design of new bifunctional PEM fuel cell anode catalyst materials.
Crystal structures and crystallographic classification of titanium silicophosphates – with a note on structure and composition of silicophosphates “M
3P5SiO19”
Authors: Glaum Robert , Schöneborn Marcos , Reinauer Felix , Shaqiri Halil , Islam Saiful M. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The crystal structures of TiIII
4[Si2O(PO4)6] (

P

3
‾

$P\overline{3}$

, Z = 3, a = 14.733(1), c = 7.363(1) Å, R1 = 0.040, wR2 = 0.098, 7649 ind. refl., 170 variables), FeII
0.79TiIII
2.42TiIV
0.79[Si2O(PO4)6] (

P

3
‾

$P\overline{3}$

, Z = 3, a = 14.6534(2), c = 7.3829(1) Å, R1 = 0.036, wR2 = 0.088, 4026 ind. refl., 171 variables), and TiIII
2TiIV
6(PO4)6[Si2O(PO4)6] (

R

3
‾

$R\overline{3}$

, Z = 1, a = 8.446(2), c = 44.21(2) Å, R1 = 0.047, wR2 = 0.120, 1373 ind. refl., 109 variables) have been refined from single-crystal data. The structures show hexagonal closest packing of phosphate groups with metal cations and [Si2O] groups occupying octahedral voids [□(PO4)6]. The close relationship of these and other silicophosphate structures to the NiAs and β-Fe2(SO4)3 (see also NaZr2(PO4)3 “NASICON”) structure types is rationalized by group/subgroup considerations. This symmetry approach shows that systematic twinning is highly likely in silicophosphates, thus possibly leading to faulty crystal structure refinements. Our investigation strongly suggests that the proper composition of silicophosphates “M
III
3P5SiO19” (M = Cr, V, Fe, Mo) reported in literature is actually M
III
4-[Si2O(PO4)6]. In the mixed-valent compounds oxidation states were assigned to the cation sites by comparison to Ti2O3, TiP2O7 and FeTiO3. The powder reflectance spectrum of dark-blue FeII
0.79TiIII
2.42TiIV
0.79[Si2O(PO4)6] shows a strong IVCT transition at

ν
˜

$\widetilde{\nu }$

= 17,500 cm−1, and magnetic susceptibility data agree very well with the proposed oxidation states.
Falso positivo de prueba ELISA para virus de inmunodeficiencia humana en un paciente diagnosticado con granulomatosis eosinofílica con poliangeítis. Reporte de un caso
Authors: Zúñiga-Hernández Laura Fernanda , Millán-Prada Henry Augusto , Cuellar-Losada María de los Ángeles , Aponte-Díaz Juan Sebastián 
Published: April 2024

Resumen
Introducción. Para el tamizaje y diagnóstico del virus de inmunodeficiencia humana se ha evidenciado que el ensayo de cuarta generación es el más sensible y específico en comparación con el de tercera generación. Aunque se ha visto una reducción tanto en los falsos positivos como de los falsos negativos, existen condiciones y enfermedades como la granulomatosis eosinofílica con poliangeítis, que pueden incidir en un resultado falso positivo de estas pruebas.
Presentación del caso. Hombre de 73 años que asistió a una institución de cuarto nivel de complejidad en la ciudad de Bogotá por sintomatología consistente en malestar general, pérdida de peso significativa no provocada, alteraciones motoras, aparición de lesiones mucocutáneas en cavidad oral y pérdida de fuerza en ambos miembros inferiores. Dada su sintomatología y antecedentes, se realizó un ensayo por inmunoabsorción ligado a enzimas de cuarta generación (ELISA por sus siglas en inglés) para virus de inmunodeficiencia humana con resultado positivo. La prueba confirmatoria posterior fue negativa. El perfil autoinmune fue positivo para anticuerpos anti citoplasmáticos de neutrófilos, lo cual llevó a hacer el diagnóstico de vasculitis de pequeños vasos de tipo granulomatosis eosinofílica con poliangeítis, por lo que se consideró que el resultado de la prueba ELISA fue un falso positivo.
Conclusiones. Aunque las pruebas rápidas han mejorado el diagnóstico de la infección por VIH en el mundo, resulta necesario reconocer que existen causas de falsos positivos distintas a las razones técnicas. Una de estas causas puede tener relación con la existencia de enfermedades como las vasculitis de pequeños vasos.
Cultivation, chemistry, and genome of Psilocybe zapotecorum
Authors: Miller Dusty Rose , Jacobs Jordan Taylor , Rockefeller Alan , Singer Harte , Bollinger Ian M. , Conway James , Slot Jason C. , Cliffel David E. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPsilocybe zapotecorum is a strongly blue-bruising psilocybin mushroom used by indigenous groups in southeastern Mexico and beyond. While this species has a rich history of ceremonial use, research into its chemistry and genetics has been limited. Herein, we report on mushroom morphology, cultivation parameters, chemical profile, and the full genome sequence of P. zapotecorum. First, we detail growth and cloning methods that are simple, and reproducible. In combination with high resolution microscopic analysis, the strain was identified by DNA barcoding, confirming the field identification. Full genome sequencing reveals the architecture of the psilocybin gene cluster in P. zapotecorum, and can serve as a reference genome for Psilocybe clade I. Characterization of the tryptamine profile revealed a psilocybin concentration of 17.9 ± 1.7 mg/g, with a range of 10.6–25.7 mg/g (n = 7), and similar tryptamines (psilocin, baeocystin, norbaeocystin, norpsilocin, aeruginascin, and 4-HO-tryptamine) in lesser concentrations for a combined tryptamine concentration of 22.5 ± 3.2 mg/g. These results show P. zapotecorum to be a potent and chemically variable Psilocybe mushroom. Chemical profiling, genetic analysis, and cultivation assist in demystifying these mushrooms. As clinical studies with psilocybin gain traction, understanding the diversity of Psilocybe expands the conversation beyond the molecule.
Christian Isobel Johnstone and <i>The Cook and Housewife’s Manual</i> by Meg Dods
Authors: Perkins Blake 
Published: April 2024

Christian Isobel Johnstone was a remarkable figure in an age of remarkable Scots, not least the inhabitants of Edinburgh. There she edited Tait’s Edinburgh Magazine, rival to the legendary Blackwood’s. Her politics were radical and she was the only woman to edit a major British periodical before the 1860s. She was also Meg Dods who wrote the best-selling and quite off-beat The Cook and Housewife's Manual (1826). This article looks at her biography and the content of her magnus opus, a cookbook that combines stringent social satire, delivered through plot, dialogue and characterization, with the kind of material normally encountered in cookbooks -- recipes.
Experimental study on forced ventilation in dead-end mine working with various setbacks of the ventilation pipeline from the working face
Authors: Kamenskikh A. A. , Faynburg G. Z. , Semin M. A. , Tatsiy A. V. 
Published: April 2024

The study of airflow patterns at the ends of dead-end mine workings is crucial for optimizing underground mining ventilation systems. Understanding these patterns forms the basis for designing and implementing effective ventilation strategies.Previous studies have shed light on the behavior of the main vortex and the formation of stagnant zones in such environments, but these insights remain fragmented and call for a more systematic exploration to integrate them into a comprehensive theory.This paper presents the results of a thorough field investigation into the forced ventilation behavior in a dead-end mine working with a significant cross-sectional area (29.2 m2). We evaluated the impact of varying the setback distance of the ventilation duct’s end from the working face at intervals of 10, 15, 17, 19, and 21 m. The experimental design included precise measurements of turbulent airflow velocities at 25 carefully chosen points (in a 5x5 grid) for each setback distance, covering the area from the working face to beyond the end of the ventilation duct. This included additional measurements taken 1 meter and 10 meters past the termination of the ventilation duct, moving towards the entrance of the working area.The fieldwork was carried out in a typical dead-end stope at the Kupol gold-silver mine in the Chukotka Autonomous District, created by drilling and blasting.The volume of fresh air delivered to the working was maintained at a consistent rate of 17.4 m3/s across all scenarios, aligning with the mine’s standard air flow rate derived from the ventilation requirement for exhaust gases emitted by internal combustion engines of Load-Haul-Dump (LHD) machinery. With the duct’s terminal cross-sectional area at 0.8 m², this resulted in an inflow velocity averaging 21.75 m/s.Additionally, we included insights from three-dimensional numerical simulations performed in ANSYS Fluent, focusing on steady-state air movement and developed turbulence within the dead-end space. A comparative review of both empirical and modeled data shows that the ventilation jet, for all tested setback distances up to 21 m, successfully delivered air to the working face, where it then dispersed and initiated reverse flow patterns.These experiments led to the formulation of a linear relationship between the maximum relative velocity (compared to the initial jet velocity) at a distance of 1 m from the working face and a key geometric factor of the ventilation setup. This factor is the ratio of the duct’s setback distance to a characteristic dimension of the cross-sectional area, calculated as the square root of the cross-sectional area.
Complications of thrombopoietin receptor agonists therapy in patients with immune thrombocytopenia
Authors: Zakharov S. G. , Mitina T. A. , Zakharova A. V. , Madzyara O. P. , Kontievskii I. N. , Vardanyan R. V. , Kataeva E. V. , Chernykh Yu. B. , Vysotskaya L. L. , Ivanitskiy L. V. , Chuksina Yu. Yu. , Zhuravlev O. R. , Gorgun N. V. , Kharasova Z. M. , Trifonova E. V. , Belousov K. A. , Tekeeva Z. R. 
Published: April 2024

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disease characterized by increased platelet destruction and decreased platelet production. The formation of antibodies to platelet and megakaryocyte glycoproteins plays a major role in the pathophysiology of ITP. All treatment strategies for ITP attempt to increase platelet count and reduce the risk of bleeding complications. Corticosteroids remain the most commonly used first-line therapy for ITP, but their long-term use is limited due to the development of severe complications. Today the new treatment methods including the use of thrombopoietin receptor agonists (TPO-RA) romiplostim, eltrombopag and avatrombopag with a number of advantages over standard therapy are of great interest. These drugs are recommended for use in the second-line therapy and show high efficacy in patients with ITP, particularly in real clinical practice. In most cases TPO-RA provide stable and long-term remission of the disease, allowing you to reduce or discontinue the use of glucocorticosteroids and avoid splenectomy. Many studies of the mechanism of action, efficacy and toxicity of TPO-RA have been performed. the research results significantly expand our knowledge about these agents. This review provides comparative data of the TPO-RA safety and the main aspects of their clinical use. The features of the new drug avatrombopag, recently approved for use in the Russian federation, are described. the overview presents the advantages and limitations of each drug, possible adverse events and methods for their control.
ROLE OF ADIPONECTIN IN ATHEROGENESIS: FUNDAMENTAL ASPECTS AND THE PROSPECTS OF TRANSFER INTO CLINICAL PRACTICE
Authors: Tanyanskiy Dmitriy A. 
Published: April 2024

HighlightsThe review presents the analysis of data on the physiological role and mechanisms of adiponectin in atherogenesis, and considers the prospects of transferring of existing knowledge into clinical practice. AbstractThe review is focused on the issues associated with the physiological role and signaling mechanisms of adiponectin. Data on the pathways and molecular mechanisms of adiponectin associated with atherogenesis was obtained using animal models with atherosclerosis, samples of atherosclerotic plaques and normal human arteries, cultured endothelial cells, macrophages and vascular smooth muscle. The perspectives of transferring of existing knowledge into clinical practice are discussed as well.
BIOLOGICAL PROSTHESES FOR CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY – A HALF-CENTURY HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS
Authors: Kudryavtseva Yulia A. , Ovcharenko Evgenii A. , Klyshnikov Kirill Yu. , Antonova Larisa V. , Senokosova Evgeniya A. , Ponasenko Anastasiya V. , Barbarash Olga L. , Barbarash Leonid S. 
Published: April 2024

HighlightsSurgical correction of cardiovascular deformities is inextricably linked with the use of prostheses. The development and clinical testing of biological prostheses has been conducted under the guidance of the Member of Russian Academy of Sciences Leonid Barbarash at the Kuzbass Cardiology Center for more than 50 years. The uniqueness of the developed products lies in the use of a new biological tissue preservative – ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, and an integrated approach involving the development and manufacture of products, study of long-term replacement outcome, causes of prosthetic dysfunction and genetic aspects of the use of bioprostheses in patients. AbstractThis article highlights the main achievements in the development of biological prostheses for cardiovascular surgery under the leadership of the Member of Russian Academy of Sciences L.S. Barbarash since the 1980s. Throughout this period, Leonid Barbarash and his team have developed and mass-produced various designs of bioprosthetic heart valves and tissue preservation methods, arterial grafts, and patches. The article presents the results of developing next-generation vascular biodegradable grafts capable of complete remodeling and stimulating endothelialization after the implantation into the vascular bed. Moreover, we conducted a series of genetic studies evaluating the significance of gene polymorphisms of various pathogenetic pathways involved in the pathological calcification of native heart valves and their prostheses.
DYNAMIC ASSESSMENT OF CEREBRAL PERFUSION BLOOD FLOW IN THE EARLY POST-STROKE PERIOD ACCORDING TO NON-CONTRAST MRI DATA
Authors: Stankevich Yulia A. , Popov Vladimir V. , Vasilkiv Liubov M. , Tulupov Andrey A. 
Published: April 2024

HighlightsThe non-contrast perfusion MR sequence pCASL (pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling) is a technique that allows specialist to quantify and trace the changes in cerebral blood flow in the early post-stroke period. At the same time, there is a change in perfusion indices not only in the ischemic stroke area, but also in visually intact areas of the ipsilateral and contralateral hemispheres of the brain, which indicates the involvement of the blood supply area and the brain as a whole in the pathological process. The obtained data on the dynamics in perfusion, verified by the results of cognitive tests, open up the prospect of a comprehensive study of stroke as a complex brain disease with the possibility of predictive assessment of rehabilitation. Aim. To assess the dynamics of microcirculatory changes in the brain in the early post-stroke period by non-contrast perfusion MRI.Methods. The study included 42 patients with acute ischemic stroke. The patients were examined by 3T MRI using the following sequences: DWI-EPI, 3D FLAIR-SPIR, T2-TSE, T1W 3D-TFE, and pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling (pCASL) on 1–3 days, 7–10 days and 3 months later after the manifestation of acute ischemic stroke. The cerebral blood flow (CBF) was obtained in 4 supratentorial regions of the brain: in the ischemic stroke and contralateral areas, as well as in a visually intact area of the ipsilateral and contralateral hemispheres (mL/100g/min).Results. In the ischemic stroke area, CBF increased from 19.86±5.69 (mean+Std) to 27.57±4.86 by first to the second examination, which was associated with the infusion therapy, local inflammatory response and compensatory reperfusion. By the 3rd examination CBF decreased to 14.48±3.66 (Student t-test, p<0.05), which reflects cystic and atrophic transformation of the affected area. In visually intact white matter of the ipsilateral and contralateral hemispheres, CBF increased from hypoperfused to normoperfused from the first to the third examination. There was a significant decrease (p<0.001) in tissue blood flow (by 54% for the 1st, 38% for the 2nd, 67% for the 3rd examination) in the ischemia area relative to intact parts of the brain.Conclusion. The pCASL allowed us to assess CBF in the post-stroke period in the ischemic area and in visually intact area, nevertheless, it requires additional pre- and postprocessing of data to obtain quantitative values. At the same time, we observed changes in perfusion in the ischemic stroke area, and in the visually intact areas of the ipsilateral and contralateral hemispheres of the brain, indicating the involvement of the cerebral blood flow and brain as a whole in the pathological process.