bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pembuatan Cockroachtrap dengan Variasi Umpan Sebagai Media Pengundang Kecoa
Authors: Meswara Firman Aly , Fadilah Nurul , Abdurrahman Wildan , Tamrin Nabila , N.M.T.Abd Adzan 
Published: April 2024

Kecoa merupakan salah satu hama pemukiman yang menjadi vektor dari berbagai penyakit, tersebar luas di seluruh dunia dan berasosiasi dengan habitat manusia. Pengendalian kecoa dapat dilakukan dengan berbagai cara, seperti secara sanitasi, biologis, mekanis, atau kimiawi. solusi mengendalikan kecoa adalah menggunakan metode trapping dengan menggunakan variasi umpan yang disukai kecoa. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui cara membuat alat perangkap kecoa, mengetahui kemampuan gula+ragi, susu indomilk, selai, keju, daging sapi, kuning telur sebagai media perangkap kecoa. Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimen dengan rancangan post test only groub design. Hasil pembuatan perangkap dapat dibuat dengan menggunakan bahan toples, pipa 2 inchi, lem. Sedangkan perangkap dengan media daging mampu mengundang kecoa dengan nilai rerata 1, media selai dengan nilai rerata 8, media susu dengan nilai rerata 3, media gula+ragi dengan nilai rerata 1, media telur dengan nilai rerata 2, media keju dengan nilai rerata 3. Pada penelitian ini jumlah media yang paling banyak mengundang kecoa yaitu media selai yaitu kecoa dengan nilai rerata 8, sedangkan media yang paling sedikit yaitu pada media daging sapi dan media gula+ragi dengan nilai rerata 1. Berdasarkan aktifitas makannya, aktifitas makan kecoa lebih beraktifitas dan mencari makan pada malam hari.
Vitamin D effects on Chlamydia trachomatis infection: a case-control and experimental study
Authors: Liu Sijia , Zhao Tianwei , Liu Quanzhong 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionVitamin D deficiency is the most common nutritional deficiency worldwide. Chronic vitamin D deficiency causes immune system dysfunction, which increases susceptibility to pathogens such as bacteria, especially intracellular parasites, and viruses. Chlamydia trachomatis (C. t) is an obligate intracellular parasitic bacterium that causes a variety of sequelae. We speculated that vitamin D might be associated with C. t infection. This study aimed to address this gap in knowledge by investigating the relationship between vitamin D and C. t infection using both in vitro and in vivo models.Methods and resultsThe addition of calcitriol to McCoy cell culture in vitro delayed and reduced the quantity and volume of inclusions compared to the control group. Macrophages of peritoneally lavaged mice co-cultured with McCoy decreased the infection rate and delayed the appearance of inclusions. In mice models of vitamin D deficiency, mice in the VD-group exhibited more severe genital tract inflammation and a longer duration of infection after inoculation with C. t in the genital tract. Supplementing these mice with vitamin D3 during treatment enhanced the therapeutic effect of antibiotics. We also conducted a case-control study involving 174 C. t-positive patients (95 males and 79 females) and 380 healthy volunteers (211 males and 169 females) aged 20–49 from January 2016 to March 15, 2017. Serum 25-(OH)D concentration was measured by assessing morning fasting blood samples of healthy volunteers and C. t-positive patients 1 day before antibiotic treatment and the next day after one course of treatment. The patients were followed up for 1 month and evaluated for recovery. The results showed that vitamin D deficiency was a risk factor for C. t infection and treatment failure.ConclusionIn summary, findings from experimental and clinical studies indicate a close association between vitamin D levels and C. t infection and treatment outcomes. Given the affordability and safety of vitamin D, both healthy individuals and patients should focus on vitamin D intake. Vitamin D supplementation could enhance treatment success and should be used as an adjunctive therapy alongside antibiotic therapy for C. t infections, pending confirmation in larger, prospective, randomized controlled trials.
Enhancing the acceptance of smart sensing in psychotherapy patients: findings from a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Rottstädt Fabian , Becker Eduard , Wilz Gabriele , Croy Ilona , Baumeister Harald , Terhorst Yannik 
Published: April 2024

ObjectiveSmart sensing has the potential to make psychotherapeutic treatments more effective. It involves the passive analysis and collection of data generated by digital devices. However, acceptance of smart sensing among psychotherapy patients remains unclear. Based on the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT), this study investigated (1) the acceptance toward smart sensing in a sample of psychotherapy patients (2) the effectiveness of an acceptance facilitating intervention (AFI) and (3) the determinants of acceptance.MethodsPatients (N = 116) were randomly assigned to a control group (CG) or intervention group (IG). The IG received a video AFI on smart sensing, and the CG a control video. An online questionnaire was used to assess acceptance of smart sensing, performance expectancy, effort expectancy, facilitating conditions and social influence. The intervention effects of the AFI on acceptance were investigated. The determinants of acceptance were analyzed with structural equation modeling (SEM).ResultsThe IG showed a moderate level of acceptance (M = 3.16, SD = 0.97), while the CG showed a low level (M = 2.76, SD = 1.0). The increase in acceptance showed a moderate effect in the intervention group (p &lt; .05, d = 0.4). For the IG, performance expectancy (M = 3.92, SD = 0.7), effort expectancy (M = 3.90, SD = 0.98) as well as facilitating conditions (M = 3.91, SD = 0.93) achieved high levels. Performance expectancy (γ = 0.63, p &lt; .001) and effort expectancy (γ = 0.36, p &lt; .001) were identified as the core determinants of acceptance explaining 71.1% of its variance. The fit indices supported the model's validity (CFI = .95, TLI = .93, RMSEA = .08).DiscussionThe low acceptance in the CG suggests that enhancing the acceptance should be considered, potentially increasing the use and adherence to the technology. The current AFI was effective in doing so and is thus a promising approach. The IG also showed significantly higher performance expectancy and social influence and, in general, a strong expression of the UTAUT factors. The results support the applicability of the UTAUT in the context of smart sensing in a clinical sample, as the included predictors were able to explain a great amount of the variance of acceptance.
Spatiotemporal variation of the carbon footprint of tobacco production from 2004 to 2017 in China
Authors: Zheng Yu , Qin Yanqing , Duan Weidong , Dong Wenshuai , Zhang Xi , Yin Guangting , Li Changgen , Song Zonghao , Xie Liangwen , Zhan Lei , Ti Jinsong 
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Tobacco, as a significant cash crop in China, warrants a comprehensive investigation into the spatiotemporal dynamics of its carbon footprint in order to address greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and foster low-carbon, environmentally friendly agricultural practices.Methods: Employing the life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology, this study aims to scrutinize the temporal variations in the carbon footprint across different functional units of tobacco production in China from 2004 to 2017, thereby elucidating its composition and key influencing factors.Results and Discussion: The findings reveal that the average carbon footprint per unit area and per unit yield of tobacco production in China during the aforementioned period amounted to 4,098.99 kg CO2-eq∙ha−1 and 1.97 kg CO2-eq∙kg−1, respectively, exhibiting an upward trend over time. Notably, fertilizer and agricultural films emerged as the primary sources of greenhouse gas emissions in Chinese tobacco production, accounting for 26.63% and 24.54% of the total emissions, respectively. Remarkably divergent carbon footprints were observed among various provinces in China. Specifically, Jiangxi, Hunan, and Guangdong exhibited the highest carbon footprints per unit area, with values of 4,908.65 kg CO2-eq∙ha−1, 4,852.90 kg CO2-eq∙ha−1 and 4,833.56 kg CO2-eq∙ha−1, respectively. Likewise, Jiangxi, Fujian, and Yunnan recorded the highest carbon footprints per unit yield, reaching 2.31 kg CO2-eq∙kg−1, 2.23 kg CO2-eq∙kg−1 and 2.22 kg CO2-eq∙kg-1, respectively. Conversely, Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Jilin, and Heilongjiang exhibited lower carbon footprints per unit area, namely, 3,952.06 kg CO2-eq∙ha−1, 3,751.08 kg CO2-eq∙ha−1, 2,935.81 kg CO2-eq∙ha−1, 3,264.83 kg CO2-eq∙ha−1 and 2,830.92 kg CO2-eq∙ha−1, respectively. Moreover, these regions displayed both high yield and productivity. This investigation highlights the significance of implementing measures such as scientific fertilization, reducing agricultural film usage, and expediting the mechanization process of tobacco cultivation to foster the development of an environmentally sustainable tobacco industry in China.
Different clinical characteristics and outcomes of adult hospitalized SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia patients complicated by cardiovascular events during the first, delta and omicron waves of COVID-19
Authors: Roser Lynn P. , Samanapally Harideep , Ali T’shura , Xu Qian , Han Yuchen , Salunkhe Vidyulata , Deepti Fnu , McGuffin Trevor , Huang Emma C. , Furmanek Stephen , Glynn Alex , Ramirez Julio , Jones Christopher M. , Mariyappa Ramesh , Hogue Ryan J. , Williams Alexander M. , Huang Justin J. , Arnold Forest W. , Clifford Sean P. , Pahwa Siddharth , Kong Maiying , Huang Jiapeng 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundThe effects of SARS-CoV-2 have varied between significant waves of hospitalization.Research questionAre cardiovascular complications different among the first, delta and omicron waves of hospitalized COVID-19 pneumonia patients?Study design and methodsThis was a multi-centre retrospective study of patients hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia: 632 were hospitalized during the first wave (March–July 2020), 1013 during the delta wave (September 2020–March 2021), and 323 during the omicron wave (January 2022–July 2022). Patients were stratified by wave and occurrence of cardiovascular events.ResultsAmong all hospitalized patients with cardiovascular events, patients in the omicron wave were younger (62.4 ± 14 years) than patients in the first wave (67.4 ± 7.8 years) and the delta wave (66.9 ± 12.6 years) and had a higher proportion of non-Hispanic White people than in the first wave (78.6% vs. 61.7%). For COVID-19 patients who suffered from cardiovascular events, the omicron wave patients had significantly higher neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, white blood cell and platelet counts when compared to the first wave. Omicron wave patients had significantly lower albumin and B-type natriuretic peptide levels (only 5.8% of the first wave and 14.6% of the delta wave) when compared to either the first wave or delta wave patients. In COVID-19 patients who suffered cardiovascular events during hospitalization, mortality rate in the omicron wave (26.8%) was significantly lower than the first wave (48.3%), time to mortality for non-survivors of COVID-19 patients who suffered cardiovascular events was significantly longer in the omicron wave (median 16 days) than in the first wave (median 10 days).ConclusionsYounger and white patients were affected with cardiovascular complications more often by the omicron variant. Despite higher neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and WBC counts, the omicron patients with cardiovascular events showed lower heart injuries, lower mortality and longer time to mortality for non-survivors when compared to the first and delta waves.
Growth responses to elevated environmental humidity vary between phenological forms of Picea abies
Authors: Sellin Arne , Heinsoo Katrin , Kupper Priit , Meier Riho , Õunapuu-Pikas Eele , Reinthal Taavi , Rosenvald Katrin , Tullus Arvo 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionGlobal warming promotes geographical variability in climate, although the trends differ for the lower and higher latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere. By the end of the current century, the climate models project an increase of up to 20–30% in summer precipitation for northern Europe, accompanied by an increase in atmospheric humidity. Information on the effects of increasing precipitation and air humidity on the performance of northern trees is scant.MethodsWe studied the effects of artificially elevated air relative humidity (RH) and soil moisture on growth, phenology and needle/shoot morphology of 5-year-old Norway spruce (Picea abies) saplings at the Free Air Humidity Manipulation (FAHM) experimental site in eastern Estonia. The trees were subjected to three treatments: C – control, ambient conditions; H – air humidification, mean relative humidity ~ + 5%; I – soil irrigation, precipitation +15%. Trees from pure stands were sampled from three experimental plots per treatment in 2022.ResultsThe needle morphology of P. abies was insensitive to moderate changes in air humidity and soil water content in northern mesic conditions. In contrast, the humidity treatments significantly affected shoot size, which decreased in the following order: C &gt; I &gt; H. This finding indicates a certain deceleration of the development of trees’ assimilating surface under elevated air humidity. The humidity manipulation did not influence the timing of bud burst, but the trees differentiated between two phenological forms – early-and late-flushing forms. Trees growing under elevated RH exhibited slower growth rates compared to trees in C and I treatments. The early-flushing trees grew faster, while the late-flushing trees performed better under increasing environmental humidity.ConclusionAt high latitudes, the increasing precipitation and concomitant rise in atmospheric humidity counteract the enhancement of trees’ growth and forest productivity predicted for boreal forests due to global warming. Given that the late phenological form of P. abies is more tolerant of wetter climates and less threatened by late spring frosts, it has a greater potential to adapt to regional climate trends predicted for northern Europe.
Challenges in autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 2 with the full triad induced by anti-programmed cell death 1: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Pan Qin , Li Ping 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPis) induce autoimmune diseases, including autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 2 (APS-2), which is defined as a combination of at least two of the following endocrinopathies: autoimmune thyroid disease, type 1 diabetes, and Addison’s disease. Cases with the full triad are rare. We present a case of an elderly woman who developed APS-2 with the complete triad shortly after starting anti-programmed cell death 1 (anti-PD1) treatment and review the related literature.CaseA 60-year-old woman, without any personal or family history of autoimmune and endocrine diseases, started the immunotherapy of anti-PD1 (camrelizumab) for squamous cell carcinoma of the urethral meatus. She developed primary hypothyroidism with elevated antibodies to thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin after 25 weeks of treatment, and developed primary adrenal insufficiency with adrenal crisis and fulminant type 1 diabetes with ketoacidosis after 45 weeks. Therefore, this patient met the diagnosis of APS-2 and was given multiple hormone replacement including glucocorticoid, levothyroxine and insulin therapy. Continuous improvement was achieved through regular monitoring and titration of the dosage.ConclusionsDifferent components of APS-2 may appear at different time points after anti-PD1 administration, and can be acute and life-threatening. A good prognosis can be obtained by appropriate replacement with multiple hormones.InsightsWith the clinical application of ICPis to APS-2, the complexity of its treatment should be paid enough attention.
Analysis of fungal diversity in the gut feces of wild takin (Budorcas taxicolor)
Authors: Ma Xiaoping , Li Zhiguo , Cai Lijun , Xiao Mei , He Fang , Liu Zhen , Chen Dong , Wang Ya , Shen Limin , Gu Yu 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionThe composition of the intestinal microbiome correlates significantly with an animal’s health status. Hence, this indicator is highly important and sensitive for protecting endangered animals. However, data regarding the fungal diversity of the wild Budorcas taxicolor (takin) gut remain scarce. Therefore, this study analyzes the fungal diversity, community structure, and pathogen composition in the feces of wild B. taxicolor.MethodsTo ensure comprehensive data analyses, we collected 82 fecal samples from five geographical sites. Amplicon sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rRNA was used to assess fecal core microbiota and potential pathogens to determine whether the microflora composition is related to geographical location or diet. We further validated the ITS rRNA sequencing results via amplicon metagenomic sequencing and culturing of fecal fungi.Results and discussionThe fungal diversity in the feces of wild Budorcas taxicolor primarily comprised three phyla (99.69%): Ascomycota (82.19%), Fungi_unclassified (10.37%), and Basidiomycota (7.13%). At the genus level, the predominant fungi included Thelebolus (30.93%), Functional_unclassified (15.35%), and Ascomycota_unclassified (10.37%). Within these genera, certain strains exhibit pathogenic properties, such as Thelebolus, Cryptococcus, Trichosporon, Candida, Zopfiella, and Podospora. Collectively, this study offers valuable information for evaluating the health status of B. taxicolor and formulating protective strategies.
HIV-1 envelope facilitates the development of protease inhibitor resistance through acquiring mutations associated with viral entry and immune escape
Authors: Maphumulo Ntombikhona F. , Gordon Michele L. 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionThere is increasing evidence supporting a role for HIV-1 envelope in the development of Protease Inhibitor drug resistance, and a recent report from our group suggested that Env mutations co-evolve with Gag-Protease mutations in the pathway to Lopinavir resistance. In this study, we investigated the effect of co-evolving Env mutations on virus function and structure.MethodsCo-receptor usage and n-linked glycosylation were investigated using Geno2Pheno as well as tools available at the Los Alamos sequence database. Molecular dynamics simulations were performed using Amber 18 and analyzed using Cpptraj, and molecular interactions were calculated using the Ring server.ResultsThe results showed that under Protease Inhibitor drug selection pressure, the envelope gene modulates viral entry by protecting the virus from antibody recognition through the increased length and number of N-glycosylation sites observed in V1/V2 and to some extent V5. Furthermore, gp120 mutations appear to modulate viral entry through a switch to the CXCR4 coreceptor, induced by higher charge in the V3 region and specific mutations at the coreceptor binding sites. In gp41, S534A formed a hydrogen bond with L602 found in the disulfide loop region between the Heptad Repeat 1 and Heptad Repeat 2 domains and could negatively affect the association of gp120-gp41 during viral entry. Lastly, P724Q/S formed both intermolecular and intramolecular interactions with residues within the Kennedy loop, a known epitope.DiscussionIn conclusion, the results suggest that mutations in envelope during Protease Inhibitor treatment failure are related to immune escape and that S534A mutants could preferentially use the cell-to-cell route of infection.
Endovascular thrombectomy is cost-saving in patients with acute ischemic stroke with large infarct
Authors: Schwarting Julian , Froelich Matthias F. , Kirschke Jan S. , Mehrens Dirk , Bodden Jannis , Sepp Dominik , Reis Jonas , Dimitriadis Konstantinos , Ricke Jens , Zimmer Claus , Boeckh-Behrens Tobias , Kunz Wolfgang G. 
Published: April 2024

ObjectiveEndovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is the standard of care for acute large vessel occlusion stroke. Recently, the ANGEL-ASPECT and SELECT 2 trials showed improved outcomes in patients with acute ischemic Stroke presenting with large infarcts. The cost-effectiveness of EVT for this subpopulation of stroke patients has only been calculated using data from the previously published RESCUE-Japan LIMIT trial. It is, therefore, limited in its generalizability to an international population. With this study we primarily simulated patient-level costs to analyze the economic potential of EVT for patients with large ischemic stroke from a public health payer perspective based on the recently published data and secondarily identified determinants of cost-effectiveness.MethodsCosts and outcome of patients treated with EVT or only with the best medical care based on the recent prospective clinical trials ANGEL-ASPECT, SELECT2 and RESCUE-Japan LIMIT. A A Markov model was developed using treamtment outcomes derived from the most recent available literature. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses addressed uncertainty.ResultsEndovascular treatment resulted in an incremental gain of 1.32 QALYs per procedure with cost savings of $17,318 per patient. Lifetime costs resulted to be most sensitive to the costs of the endovascular procedure.ConclusionEVT is a cost-saving (i.e., dominant) strategy for patients presenting with large ischemic cores defined by inclusion criteria of the recently published ANGEL-ASPECT, SELECT2, and RESCUE-Japan LIMIT trials in comparison to best medical care in our simulation. Prospective data of individual patients need to be collected to validate these results.
Role of microbiota-gut-brain axis in natural aging-related alterations in behavior
Authors: Jing Yingli , Wang Qiuying , Bai Fan , Li Zihan , Li Yan , Liu Weijin , Yan Yitong , Zhang Shuangyue , Gao Chen , Yu Yan 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionAging is a complex, time-dependent biological process that involves a decline of overall function. Over the past decade, the field of intestinal microbiota associated with aging has received considerable attention. However, there is limited information surrounding microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA) to further reveal the mechanism of aging.MethodsIn this study, locomotory function and sensory function were evaluated through a series of behavioral tests.Metabolic profiling were determined by using indirect calorimetry.16s rRNA sequence and targeted metabolomics analyses were performed to investigate alterations in the gut microbiota and fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). The serum cytokines were detected by a multiplex cytokine assay.The expression of proinflammatory factors were detected by western blotting.ResultsDecreased locomotor activity, decreased pain sensitivity, and reduced respiratory metabolic profiling were observed in aged mice. High-throughput sequencing revealed that the levels of genus Lactobacillus and Dubosiella were reduced, and the levels of genus Alistipes and Bacteroides were increased in aged mice. Certain bacterial genus were directly associated with the decline of physiological behaviors in aged mice. Furthermore, the amount of fecal SCFAs in aged mice was decreased, accompanied by an upregulation in the circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines and increased expression of inflammatory factors in the brain.DiscussionAging-induced microbial dysbiosis was closely related with the overall decline in behavior, which may attribute to the changes in metabolic products, e.g., SCFAs, caused by an alteration in the gut microbiota, leading to inflammaging and contributing to neurological deficits. Investigating the MGBA might provide a novel viewpoint to exploring the pathogenesis of aging and expanding appropriate therapeutic targets.