bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Organic Thermoelectric Devices for Energy Harvesting and Sensing Applications
Authors: Ji Zhen , Li Zhiyi , Liu Liyao , Zou Ye , Di Chong‐an , Zhu Daoben 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe rise of artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things have spurred an increasing demand for wearable, sustainable, and maintenance‐free power sources. Organic thermoelectric (OTE) devices are emerged as promising candidates because they are capable of converting heat energy into electricity directly without the need of moving parts, capable of flexible and seamless integration with multifunctional miniaturized electronics. In addition, OTE devices can perform straightforward as various self‐powered sensors, boosting their applications in the field of intelligent interactions. This review focuses on recent advances in OTE materials and devices for applications in energy harvesting and sensing. The basic knowledge and key parameters of OTE materials and devices are presented, followed by detailed introduction of recent progress of OTE generators, sensors, and other OTE‐integrated devices. Next, several aspects of optimizing OTE devices toward multifunctional applications are highlighted. Finally, an overview of the current challenges and future research directions of OTE‐based devices is addressed. It is hoped that this review can pave the way for speeding up a bright future for the development and practical applications of OTE devices.
Stimuli‐Responsive Color/Fluorescence Dual‐Switching Behaviors of 1,10‐Phenanthroline‐Based Viologen Derivatives with Halogen Anions
Authors: Zhu Mingye , Zhuang Yanling , Zhang Qidong , Ma Shaoyu , Wang Chao , Yu Aoxi , Chen Congke , Wang Shiyan , Liu Shujuan , Zhao Qiang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractRecently, stimuli‐responsive color/fluorescence dual‐switchable materials have attracted great attention, whereas most of them respond to monostimulus. Therefore, it is essential to design two or multi‐stimuli‐responsive color/fluorescence dual‐switchable materials and develop their applications. Viologens, which respond to the electric potential, light irradiation, pH, and heat, are suitable for the construction of two‐ or multi‐stimuli‐responsive materials. Moreover, their easily modified chemical structure, tunable electronic properties, and excellent electrochemical characteristics can endow viologens with the desired color/fluorescence dual‐switching behaviors. Herein, novel electro‐ and photo‐stimuli responsive color/emission dual‐switchable viologen derivatives phen‐Vio[Cl− I−], phen‐Vio[2Cl−] and phen‐Vio[2I−] employing fluorophore 1,10‐phenanthroline as an N‐aryl substituent and halogen ions as anions are designed and synthesized. The introduction of 1,10‐phenanthroline groups onto the viologen skeleton can endow viologen derivatives with the color/fluorescence dual‐switching properties under electrical or light stimulus. While the introduction of halogen ions allows viologen derivatives to respond to both electrical and light stimuli simultaneously. Multifunctional devices fabricated with phen‐Vio[Cl− I−], phen‐Vio[2Cl−] or phen‐Vio[2I−] as active materials exhibit excellent electrochromic/electrofluorochromic and photochromic/photofluorochromic performance. Additionally, anti‐counterfeiting applications are successfully demonstrated by employing a commercial printer with self‐made ink and papers. It is believed that this work has important guiding significance for the design and development of multifunctional materials and devices.
Rapidly Grown Hexagonal Organic Microtubes Using Ionic Liquids for an Enhanced Optical Waveguide Effect
Authors: Kim Do Wan , Kim Jongchan , Baek Yongmin , Choi Kyusung , Kim Jiyoun , Yoo Sung Ho , Song Jinwoo , Choi Jihoon , Noh Heesoh , Lee Kyusang , Jang Jae‐Won , Park Dong Hyuk 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAn optical waveguide that transmits the electromagnetic waves is a critical component for various optoelectrical applications including integrated optical circuits and optical communications. Among many, the 1D tubular optical waveguide structure enables efficient distant energy transfer via mode selection within the optical microcavity. However, its application is limited due to the complicated fabrication process. Herein, hexagonal tris(8‐hydroxyquinoline) aluminum (Alq3) microtubes with an average longitudinal length of ≈15 µm are self‐assembled within few minutes by utilizing 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (BMIMBF4) ionic liquids. The swift fabrication is enabled by the high electron affinity of BMIMBF4 that forms hexagonal microrods. Also, BMIMBF4 ionic liquid etches the central region of micorods during its growth, forming microtubes with a wall thickness of ≈650 nm. The fabricated Alq3 microtubes show significantly improved waveguide characteristics with reduced optical loss coefficient (0.054 µm−1) compared to that of microrods (0.271 µm−1). The demonstrated method to fabricate Alq3 microtubes with ionic liquid is an efficient approach to utilize organic microstructures as an optoelectrical components for advanced optical communications.
In‐Plane Selective Area Epitaxy of InAsSb Nanowire Networks for High‐Performance Scalable Infrared Photodetectors
Authors: Wen Lianjun , Liu Lei , He Fengyue , Zhuo Ran , Hou Xiyu , Pan Dong , Zhao Jianhua 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCMOS‐compatible III–V semiconductor nanowire infrared photodetectors have attracted extensive research interest in various fields such as Si photonics and gas sensors. However, the traditional vertical configuration of nanowires limits their applications at the circuit level. Here, an in‐plane selective area epitaxy route is developed to grow large‐scale InAsSb nanowire networks on patterned Si substrates. By precisely tuning the growth parameters, the well‐aligned InAsSb nanowire networks with good selectivity are successfully achieved. Detailed structural studies confirm that there is a sharp interface between the InAsSb nanowire and the substrate. On the basis of optoelectronic measurements, it is confirmed that the fabricated InAsSb nanowire network photodetectors exhibit a low dark current density (≤2 mA cm−2) and a wide spectral response (1200–1650 nm) at room temperature, covering the important telecommunication bands. Moreover, these devices present a high on‐off ratio, large responsivity, high detectivity, and rapid response speed at zero bias voltage. At the illumination wavelength of 1200 nm, the on‐off ratio, responsivity, detectivity, and response time of a double nanowire networks photodetector can reach 2680, 286.9 mA W−1, 1.4 × 1010 Jones and 75.3 µs, respectively. This work offers a straightforward approach to in situ fabricating high‐performance scalable nanowire photodetectors.
iso‐BAI Guided Surface Recrystallization for Over 14% Tin Halide Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Chan Pok Fung , Qin Minchao , Su Chun‐Jen , Ye Liping , Wang Xuezhou , Wang Yunfan , Guan Xin , Lu Zhen , Li Gang , Ngai To , Tsang Sai Wing , Zhao Ni , Lu Xinhui 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTin‐based perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are promising environmentally friendly alternatives to their lead‐based counterparts, yet they currently suffer from much lower device performance. Due to variations in the chemical properties of lead (II) and tin (II) ions, similar treatments may yield distinct effects resulting from differences in underlying mechanisms. In this work, a surface treatment on tin‐based perovskite is conducted with a commonly employed ligand, iso‐butylammonium iodide (iso‐BAI). Unlike the passivation effects previously observed in lead‐based perovskites, such treatment leads to the recrystallization of the surface, driven by the higher solubility of tin‐based perovskite in common solvents. By carefully designing the solvent composition, the perovskite surface is effectively modified while preserving the integrity of the bulk. The treatment led to enhanced surface crystallinity, reduced surface strain and defects, and improved charge transport. Consequently, the best‐performing power conversion efficiency of FASnI3 PSCs increases from 11.8% to 14.2%. This work not only distinguishes the mechanism of surface treatments in tin‐based perovskites from that of lead‐based counterparts, but also underscores the critical role in designing tailor‐made strategies for fabricating efficient tin‐based PSCs.
Compatible Soft‐Templated Deposition and Surface Molecular Bridge Construction of SnO2 Enable Air‐Fabricated Perovskite Solar Cells with Efficiency Exceeding 25.7%
Authors: Yang Yingying , Huang Hao , Yan Luyao , Cui Peng , Lan Zhineng , Sun Changxu , Du Shuxian , Wang Xinxin , Yao Chuanmin , Qu Shujie , Zhang Qiang , Wang Min , Zhao Xing , Li Meicheng 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMetal‐halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have emerged as a promising photovoltaic technology. Fabricating PSCs in ambient air can accelerate their low‐cost commercialization, since it can remove the reliance on atmosphere‐controlled equipment. However, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of air‐fabricated PSCs still lags behind those fabricated in glovebox. Here, based on a technology to fabricate high‐quality perovskite film in ambient air, a compatible optimization is performed on electron transport layer (ETL) to further enhance the photovoltaic performance of PSCs. A soft‐templated deposition strategy is proposed that utilizes tetrasodium glutamate diacetate (GLDA) to finely regulate the chemical bath deposition process, leading to an ideal SnO2 ETL with no additive residual. Adopting this feature of no residual, a molecular bridge using β‐guanidinopropionic acid (βA) is constructed at the buried interface (SnO2/perovskite), which effectively enhances the electron extraction and decreases electron losses. The resulting PSCs (0.08 cm2) achieve an impressive PCE of 25.74% (certificated 25.43%), which is the highest among the air‐fabricated PSCs reported to date. A PCE of 24.61% in 1 cm2‐PSCs is also obtained, exhibiting the scalable potential of the technology. In addition, the excellent operational stability of these PSCs is also demonstrated.
A Stoichiometric Haloform Coupling for Ester Synthesis with Secondary Alcohols
Authors: Rowett Albert C. , Sweeting Stephen G. , Heard David M. , Lennox Alastair J. J. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe haloform reaction from methyl ketones to carboxylic acids is one of the oldest known synthetic organic reactions, which has been used in myriad applications over the decades. The corresponding reaction to produce esters is, however, less developed, as the reaction is generally limited to simple, primary alcohols that are used in solvent‐level quantities, thereby restricting the complexity of esters that can be directly formed. Herein, we detail the development of a general ester‐forming haloform coupling reaction using one equivalent of alcohol. Mechanistic and kinetic modelling studies demonstrated that the key intermediates are formed under equilibrium, which facilitated the development of conditions that are amenable to secondary alcohols.
Layer‐by‐Layer Organic Solar Cells Enabled by 1,3,4‐Selenadiazole‐Containing Crystalline Small Molecule with Double‐Fibril Network Morphology
Authors: Chen Xuyang , Li Yinfeng , Jing Wenwen , Zhou Tao , Xu Xiaopeng , Duan Yuwei , Yu Liyang , Li Ruipeng , Peng Qiang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA double‐fibril network of the photoactive layer morphology is recognized as an ideal structure facilitating exciton diffusion and charge carrier transport for high‐performance organic solar cells (OSCs). However, in the layer‐by‐layer processed OSCs (LbL‐OSCs), polymer donors and small molecule acceptors (SMAs) are separately deposited, and it is challenging to realize a fibril network of pure SMAs with the absence of tight interchain entanglement as polymers. In this work, crystalline small molecule donors (SMDs), named TDZ‐3TR and SeDZ‐3TR, were designed and introduced into the L8‐BO acceptor solution, forcing the phase separation and molecular fibrilization. SeDZ‐3TR showed higher crystallinity and lower miscibility with L8‐BO acceptor than TDZ‐3TR, enabling more driving force to favor the phase separation and better molecular fibrilization of L8‐BO. On the other hand, two donor polymers of PM6 and D18 with different fibril widths and lengths were put together to optimize the fibril network of the donor layer. The simultaneously optimization of the acceptor and donor layers resulted in a more ideal double‐fibril network of the photoactive layer and an impressive power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 19.38 % in LbL‐OSCs.
Laminar flame speed measurement and combustion mechanism optimization for ethylene–air mixtures
Authors: Wang Lei , Hou Ruida , Zhang Zixing , Song Yindong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractEthylene plays a crucial role as an intermediate component in the cracking and combustion processes of large molecular alkane and olefins. In this article, the laminar flame speed of ethylene–air mixtures was measured using the heat flux method. The mechanism of ethylene was simplified by utilizing the error propagation directed relationship graph (DRGEP) and sensitivity analysis (SA), and the Arrhenius pre‐exponential factors for 20 selected reactions in the skeletal mechanism were optimized using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. Finally, an ethylene optimization mechanism including 39 species and 85 reactions was obtained. The prediction results for flame speed, ignition delay time, and species concentration were compared with experimental data and other mechanisms, covering a wide range of temperatures (298–1725 K), pressures (1–22.8 atm), and equivalence ratios (0.5–2.0). The findings demonstrate that the optimization mechanism not only improves the prediction results of laminar flame speed in the rich combustion zone and low oxygen environment but also enhances the prediction accuracy of the ignition delay time at high pressure and in the lean combustion zone, as well as the prediction accuracy of C2H4 and H2O radicals. In conclusion, the optimized mechanism exhibits higher accuracy and broader applicability.
Should research administrators be regulated as carefully as researchers?
Authors: Robert Jason Scott 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis essay assesses the rationale for regulating research administrators as carefully as they regulate researchers. The reasons for such regulation are identical: protecting scientific integrity, ensuring responsible use of public funds, addressing the lack of effective recourse for victims, creating negative consequences for misbehaving actors, and addressing high incentives for misconduct. Whereas the reasons compelling us to regulate research administrators are obvious, counterarguments to administrative oversight are based on suggestions that the incidence and prevalence of cases of administrative misconduct are too low to warrant formal regulation. I briefly describe examples of the phenomenon drawn from publicly available records. My analysis suggests that the misconduct of research administrators is both serious and worthy of better oversight. Improved oversight of research administration will help steward tax dollars appropriately and enhance the overall integrity of the scientific record and of the free pursuit of knowledge more generally.
Green spectrophotometric and spectrofluorimetric determination of biperiden hydrochloride using erythrosine B sensing probe
Authors: Abo Elkheir Shrouk M. , Nasr Jenny Jeehan M. , Walash Mohamed I. , Zeid Abdallah M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractErythrosine B (EB) is a food colorant antiviral xanthene dye that has many applications as a color additive in pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. Its use as a sensor for spectrofluorimetric and spectrophotometric analysis of amine‐based pharmaceuticals renders many advantages because of its availability, low cost, rapid labeling, and high sensitivity. Herein, two fast and sensitive spectrofluorimetric and spectrophotometric methods were established for the estimation of the anti‐Parkinson drug, biperiden (BIP) hydrochloride (HCl), in its raw material and tablet forms. The proposed methods depended on the interaction between the phenolic group of EB and the tertiary amino group of the studied analyte to form an ion‐pair complex at pH 4 using the Britton Robinson buffer. The spectrofluorimetric method is based on the measurement of the quenching power of BIP HCl on the fluorescence intensity of EB at λex/em = 527.0/550.9 nm. This method was rectilinear over the concentration range of 0.1–1.0 μg/mL with a limit of detection (LOD) = 0.017 μg/mL and a limit of quantification (LOQ) = 0.05 μg/mL. Meanwhile, the colorimetric method involved monitoring the absorbance of the formed ion‐pair complex at 555 nm, showing a linearity range of 0.4–5.0 μg/mL with LOD = 0.106 μg/mL and LOQ = 0.322 μg/mL. The proposed methods were assessed for the greenness, indicating the greenness of the developed methods.
Malignance‐restriction activity exhibited by bioactive compounds of selected actinobacteria as silver nanoparticles against A549 lung cancer cell lines
Authors: Bano Naushin , Gupta Anamika , Amir Mohammad , Zaheer Mohd. Rehan , Roohi Roohi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis article deals with the antibacterial and anticancer potential of secondary metabolites produced by actinomycetes also reported as actinobacteria, Microbacterium proteolyticum (MN560041), and Streptomycetes rochei, where preliminary studies were done with the well diffusion method. These actinobacteria's silver nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and UV‐Visible spectroscopy. Anticancer was measured using the MTT test, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation measured with DCFDA, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) measurement, and DAPI fluorescence intensity activity was measured in treated and non‐treated cancerous cells. The IC50 value for 5‐FU (a), LA2(O) (b), LA2(R) (c), LA2(ON) (d), and LA2(RN) (e) was obtained at 3.91 μg/mL (52.73% cell viability), 56.12 μg/mL (52.35% cell viability), 44.90 μg/mL (52.3% cell viability), 3.45 μg/mL (50.25% cell viability), and 8.05 μg/mL (48.72% cell viability), respectively. TEM micrographs revealed discrete, well‐separated AgNPs particles of size 7.88 ± 2 to 12.86 ± 0.24 nm. Gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry was also performed to detect the compounds in bioactive metabolites where n‐hexadecanoic acid was obtained as the most significant one. MTT test showed a substantial decline in A549 cell viability (up to 48.72%), 2.75‐fold increase in ROS generation was noticed in comparison to untreated A549 lung cancer cells when measured with DCFDA. A total of 0.31‐fold decrease in MMP and 1.74‐fold increase in DAPI fluorescence intensity compared to untreated A549 lung cancer cells suggests that the synthesized nanoparticles promote apoptosis in cancerous cells. Our findings suggests that the secondary metabolites of M. proteolyticum and S. rochei in nanoparticle form can be used as a significant compound against lung cancers.
Transcatheter valve‐in‐valve interventions after aortic root replacement: A systematic review
Authors: Baudo Massimo , Cuko Besart , Ternacle Julien , Sicouri Serge , Torregrossa Gianluca , Pernot Mathieu , Busuttil Olivier , Beurton Antoine , Alaux Anouk , Ouattara Alexandre , Lafitte Stephane , Bonnet Guillaume , Leroux Lionel , De Vincentiis Carlo , Labrousse Louis , Ramlawi Basel , Modine Thomas 
Published: March 2024

AbstractStructural valve deterioration after aortic root replacement (ARR) surgery may be treated by transcatheter valve‐in‐valve (ViV‐TAVI) intervention. However, several technical challenges and outcomes are not well described. The aim of the present review was to analyze the outcomes of ViV‐TAVI in deteriorated ARR. This review included studies reporting any form of transcatheter valvular intervention in patients with a previous ARR. All forms of ARR were considered, as long as the entire root was replaced. Pubmed, ScienceDirect, SciELO, DOAJ, and Cochrane library databases were searched until September 2023. Overall, 86 patients were included from 31 articles that met our inclusion criteria out of 741 potentially eligible studies. In the entire population, the mean time from ARR to reintervention was 11.0 years (range: 0.33–22). The most frequently performed techniques/grafts for ARR was homograft (67.4%) and the main indication for intervention was aortic regurgitation (69.7%). Twenty‐three articles reported no postoperative complications. Six (7.0%) patients required permanent pacemaker implantation (PPI) after the ViV‐TAVI procedure, and 4 (4.7%) patients had a second ViV‐TAVI implant. There were three device migrations (3.5%) and 1 stroke (1.2%). Patients with previous ARR present a high surgical risk. ViV‐TAVI can be considered in selected patients, despite unique technical challenges that need to be carefully addressed according to the characteristics of the previous surgery and on computed tomography analysis.
Pure mucinous adenocarcinoma of the breast with the rare lymphoplasmacytic infiltration: A case report with review of literature
Authors: Prajapati Yash Hasmukhbhai , Bhabhor Vishal , Mehta Kahan Samirkumar , Barot Mithoon , Boriwala Husen , Omar Mohamed 
Published: March 2024

Key Clinical MessageA unique ER/PR‐positive mucinous adenocarcinoma of breast but CK7/CK20 negativity. A rare finding of Lymphoplasmacytic Infiltration is noted. Successful treatment included modified radical mastectomy and tamoxifen‐based therapy, leads to remission.AbstractMucinous carcinoma, which is characterized by the presence of abundant extracellular mucin, is a rare and distinctive subtype of invasive breast cancer. This subtype accounts for less than 5% of all invasive breast cancers, with pure mucinous carcinoma representing only around 2%. It is most commonly found in older patients, typically in the sixth to early eighth decade of life. We present the case of a 55‐year‐old female with a 15‐year history of a painless, gradually enlarging palpable lump on her left breast. Upon examination, a 5 × 5 cm lump with well‐defined margins and a hard consistency was found in the lower outer quadrant of the left breast. Histopathological examination confirmed a diagnosis of Mucinous Adenocarcinoma of the Left Breast. The patient underwent modified radical mastectomy and received adjuvant endocrine therapy with tamoxifen due to hormone receptor‐positive status. Mucinous carcinoma of the breast is a unique entity with specific histological features including the presence of extracellular mucin pools. Immunohistochemical staining is crucial for determining hormone receptor status, which can guide treatment decisions. Although surgical intervention is the primary approach, the extent of surgery may vary, ranging from lumpectomy to mastectomy. Adjuvant therapies such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy may also be considered based on individual cases. This case underscores the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in managing rare subtypes of breast cancer, such as mucinous carcinoma. Accurate diagnosis, appropriate surgical intervention, adjuvant therapy, and long‐term follow‐up are critical components of treatment.