bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Gastric Juice Extracts on Histamine as a Gastric Secretory Stimulant
Authors: Semb Lars S. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractExtracts from the isolated, vagally denervated gastric antral and fundic pouches (Heidenhain) of dogs were prepared by dialyzing against water and lyophilization. The extracts were incubated with histamine for 1/2 hr and then injected s.c. into dogs with Heidenhain pouches. The gastric secretory responses of the pouches were studied by tandem injections of histamine (31 expts., 5 dogs), histamine and histamine incubated with antral juice extracts (36 expts. 5 dogs) and histamine and histamine incubated with fundic juice extracts (15 expts., 3 dogs). There was no statistically significant difference between the secretory response to the second injection as compared to the first in all experiments where both injections were histamine, in four of the dogs where the second injection was histamine incubated with antral juice extracts, and in two of the dogs where the second dose of histamine had been incubated with fundic juice. In one dog receiving antral extract there was a decreased response of 27% (P<0.001) and in one of the dogs receiving fundic juice extract there was an 18% increase (P<0.01). It was concluded that gastric juice extracts seemed not to interfere with the stimulatory effect of histamine on the oxyntic glands.
Renal Function in Man during Transition from Hydropenia to Water Diuresis with Superimposed Mannitol Load
Authors: Aperia A. , Broberger O. , Ericsson N. O. , Feychting H. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractRenal function studies have been carried out in seven healthy volunteers during the transition from hydropenia to water diuresis with superimposed mannitol load. The glomerular filtration rate increased significantly during the transition from hydropenia to water diuresis, hut remained unchanged when hypotonic mannitol was infused during water diuresis. During osmotic diuresis in hydrated man the free water formation at first increased as a function of increased osmotic load demonstrating a reserve capacity of the distal tubular Na+ reabsorption. At the osmolality clearance exceeding 8 ml/ 100 ml GFR/min however, the free water formation appeared to level off. It is suggested that this level was reached only because of a general Na+ depletion. By comparing the data on urine osmolality, urine flow and osmolar clearance in the same individual during the transition from hydropenia to water diuresis further information could he gained on distal tubular function. It was thus found that the actual dilution of urine exceeded the expected dilution of urine in all individuals even when discrepancies in osmolar clearance were corrected for. Those results were interpreted to mean an increased water permeability in distal tubule of the human nephron during hydropenia.
The Unresponsiveness of Lipid Metabolism in Canine Mesenteric Adipose Tissue to Biogenic Amines and to Sympathetic Nerve Stimulation
Authors: Ballard Kathryn , Rosell Sune 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThe net release or uptake of glycerol and free fatty acids by adipose tissue in perfused mesentery of dogs was determined a) during stimulation of the superior mesenteric nerves and b) following intra‐arterial injection of noradrenaline, 5‐hydroxytryptamine, histamine and compound 48/80. Nerve stimulation had no observable effect on lipolysis, a finding which is in contrast to previously reported results from subcutaneous adipose tissue. Moreover, in order to evoke lipolysis, noradrenaline and histamine had to be administered in amounts over 10 times higher than required for subcutaneous adipose tissue. Compound 48/80, a mast cell‐depleting agent, and 5‐hydroxytryptamine did not increase lipolysis. It is concluded that mesenteric adipose tissue may not be influenced by the same agents for lipolysis as subcutaneous adipose tissue from the same species.
The Effect of Arterial Hypotension upon the Lactate, Pyruvate and Bicarbonate Concentrations of Brain Tissue and Cisternal CSF, and upon the Tissue Concentrations of Phosphocreatine and Adenine Nucleotides in Anesthetized Rats
Authors: Kaasik A. E. , Nilsson L. , Siesjö B. K. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractKaasik, A. E., L. Nilsson and B. K. Siesjö. The effect of arterial hypotension upon the lactate, pyruvate and bicarbonate concentrations of brain tissue and cisternal CSF, and upon the tissue concentrations of phosphocreatine and adenine nucleotides in anesthetized rats. Acta physiol. scand. 1970. 78. 448–458.The effect of stagnant hypoxia upon the lactate, pyruvate and bicarbonate concentrations of brain tissue and cisternal CSF, and upon the tissue concentrations of phosphocreatine, ATP, ADP, and AMP was studied in anesthetized and curarized rats. The stagnant hypoxia was induced by arterial bleeding to a mean arterial blood pressure of 25–35 mm Hg. The hypotension was found to lead to moderate decreases in the phosphocreatine and ATP concentrations and to increases in the AMP and lactate concentrations. Restitution of a normal arterial blood pressure was found to give a rapid restitution of the ATP and AMP concentrations, to a slower restitution of the phosphocreatine concentration, and to a very slow disappearance of the lactate and pyruvate accumulated in the tissue and in the CSF. However, the cytoplasmatic NADH/ NAD+ ratio, calculated from the intracellular lactate and pyruvate concentrations, and from the pHi' values, was found to normalize already 2 min after the reinfusion of the blood. There was a linear relationship between the lactate accumulated in the intracellular space, and the pHi', and the slope of the line (Δ lactate/Δ pH) indicated that the intracellular buffer capacity, thus calculated, is lower than that of whole blood in vitro.
The Influence of Some Cholinergic Drugs and of Atropine on o‐Iodohippurate Accumulation in Rat Renal Cortex Slices
Authors: Bárány Ernst H. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractBárány, E. H. The influence of some cholinergic drugs and of atropine on o‐iodo‐hippurate accumulation in rat renal cortex slices. Acta physiol. scand. 1970. 78. 465–470.The effect of some drugs on the accumulation of o‐iodohippurate‐125I at 1.2 10‐5 M in slices of rat kidney cortex was studied. Pilocarpine at 10‐4 and 10‐3 M was inhibitory. The inhibition was not reduced by a 5‐fold increase in o‐iodohippurate concentration nor by large changes in potassium ion concentration. It was not counteracted by atropine. Atropine, eserine and acetyl‐choline over a wide range (in the presence of eserine) had little effect. Arecoline at 10“3 M was weakly inhibitory and not antagonized by atropine. It is concluded that the effect of pilocarpine on the tubular hippurate‐transporting system is non‐cholinergic.
Long‐Term Effects of High Intensity Flashes on the ERG of the Rabbit
Authors: Knave Bengt 
Published: December 2008

AbstractKnave, B. Long‐term effects of high intensity flashes on the ERG of the rabbit. Acta physiol. scand. 1970. 78. 478–490.A method was developed allowing long‐term studies on retinal function in the unanesthetized rabbit. High intensity flashes were found to cause long‐lasting reversible excitability changes in the retina. Even a single flash with an intensity of about 7 log units above the electro‐retinographic b‐wave threshold of the dark adapted eye resulted in a depression of the b‐wave which lasted for about a week. Flashes with still higher intensities resulted in an initial increase followed by a long‐term decrease lasting one or two weeks. In additional experiments corresponding reversible changes in the b‐wave threshold were found.The effects described are not due to influences on a shielding pigment or to a central efferent mechanism since the flash effects were also obtained on albino rabbits and after intracranial section of the optic nerve.
Properties of RNA from Giant Axons of the Crayfish
Authors: Andersson E. , Edström A. , Jarlstedt J. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractAnderson, E., A. Edstrom and J. Jarlstedt. Properties of RNA from giant axons of the crayfish. Acta physiol. scand. 1969. 1970. 78. 491–502.The presence of axonal RNA was demonstrated in giant nerve fibres of the crayfish Procam‐burus clarkii, using ultramicrochemical and radioautographic procedures. The RNA content, composition and synthesis was compared to that of enveloping Schwann sheaths and ganglionic nerve cell bodies. The following results were obtained. The RNA concentration (w/v) in the axoplasm is about 0.02 % as compared to 0.22 % in Schwann sheaths and 5.7 % in nerve cell bodies. In spite of its low concentration, the axonal RNA constitutes an amount several times larger than that of the nerve cell body. The bulk of axonal RNA is likely to have an extra‐mitochondrial localization. Its base composition, which is DNA‐like, differs distinctly from RNA of nerve cell bodies. Axonal RNA is synthesized independently of the cell body. The possibility that axonal RNA, at least in part, is synthesized in surrounding Schwann cells and transferred to the axon, is considered.
Histochemical and Biochemical Correlations of Monoamine Oxidase Activity in Autonomic and Sensory Ganglia of the Cat
Authors: Giacobini E. , Kerpel‐Fronius S. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractGiacobini, G. and S. Kerpel‐Fronius.Histochernical and biochemical correlations of monoamine oxidase activity in autonomic and sensory ganglia of the cat. Acta physiol. scand. 1970.78. 522–528.Monoamhe oxidase (MAO) activity of the sympathetic, parasympathetic, and sensory ganglia was compared. The highest enzyme activity was observed in the sympathetic ganglia while the ciliary and spinal dorsal root ganglia showed significantly lower values. The nodose ganglion occupied an intermediate position. The histochemical localization of MA0 activity correlates well to these findings. The neurons of the sympathetic ganglia exhibited a strong histochemical reaction for MAO. On the other hand, the cells of the ciliary and spinal ganglia displayed only very low activity. It is suggested that high MAO activity is a specific attribute of the adrenergic neurons.
The Effect of Heparin and Some Related Agents on Diamine Oxidase in Rabbit Blood Plasma
Authors: Hansson Roy , Thysell H. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractHansson, R. and H. Thysell.The effect of heparin and some related agents on diamine oxidase in rabbit blood plasma. Acta physiol. scand. 1970.78. 539–546.In rabbits the blood plasma level of diamine oxidase (DAO) was followed after rapid i.v. injection of heparin, heparinoid substances, soluble ribonucleic acid and protamine chloride as well as the histamine releasing agents 48/80 and polymyxin B. Heparin(oid) injections elicited a striking DAO‐increase within 1/2 min, reaching maximal values within a little more than 1 hr and then smoothly declining to basal levels. The DAO‐increase was dose‐dependent and seemed to be larger during pregnancy and in newborn animals. Continuous heparin infusion was followed by a delayed peak time and, in relation to the doses, a low but protracted increase in the blood phma DAO. Sulfated polyanions caused a significant DAO increase, but no simple correlation was found between the size of the response and the amount of sulfur injected. The findings are discussed.
Local Degranulation of Individual Rat Peritoneal Mast Cells Induced by Compound 48/80
Authors: Diamant B. , Krüger P. G. , Uvnäs B. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractDiamant, B., P. G. Krüger and B. Uvnäs. Local degranulation of individual rat peritoneal mast cells induced by compound 48/80. Acta physiol. scand. 1970. 79. 1–5.Degranulation of individual rat mast cells is shown to occur at the site of administration of compound 48/80 by the use of micropipets placed close to the mast cell membrane. Varying degree of degranulation can be induced. It is possible to induce repeated degranulation by local application of 48/80 to the same area of the cell at least four times. The results suggest that compound 48/80 acts directly on the cell membrane and this interaction seems to be the primary cause of the extrusion of granules.
Afferent Fibres in the Hypoglossal Nerve of Cat
Authors: Hanson Jerker , Widén Lennart 
Published: December 2008

AbstractHanson, J. and L. Widén. Afferent fibres in the hypoglossal nerve of cat. Acta physiol. scand. 1970. 79. 24–36.Electrical stimulation of the hypoglossal nerve in cat elicited bilateral twitching of the vibrissae and suppression of shivering. The afferent fibres which mediate these reflexes have a higher stimulus threshold than the motor fibres. They travel to the brain stem via anastomoses between the hypoglossal nerve and the vagus group in the region of the ganglion nodosum. Unitary activity was recorded in the spinal trigeminal nucleus after stimulation of the hypoglossal nerve. The reflexes are probably nociceptive reactions since similar reflexes can be evoked from the greater part of the body surface by pain stimuli. Stimulation of a peripheral branch of the hypoglossal nerve also elicited a local reflex response in the styloglossus muscle. The reflex is polysynaptic. Any tonic background activity in the muscle is inhibited by the stimulation. It is shown that this inhibition is probably not recurrent but mediated by afferent fibres via anastomoses to the vagus group. Afferent impulses evoked by stretching the tongue were recorded in the proximal part of the hypoglossal nerve trunk. These units behaved like muscle spindles. In cat these units are sparse and probably of secondary importance for movements of the tongue.
Influence of Stress, Adrenalectomy and Age on the Stimulation in vitro of Rat Kidney ATPase by Angiotensin
Authors: Levin Klas 
Published: December 2008

AbstractLevin, K. Influence of stress, adrenalectomy and age on the stimulation in vitro of rat kidney ATPase by angiotensin. Acta physiol. scand. 1970. 79. 50–57.The previously demonstrated stimulation of kidney ATPase by angiotensin was studied with respect to variations due to stress, anesthesia, noradrenaline activity, adrenal function and age of the animals. The kidney cortex ATPase from rats subjected to stress, pain or angiotensin injection could not be activated in vitro by angiotensin. This was considered to be due to a maximal stimulation of the enzyme already at sacrifice of the animals. The susceptibility of the enzyme to angiotensin stimulation disappeared after adrenalectomy, but remained if the animals were treated with aldosterone. Angiotensin had no stimulating effect on the kidney cortex ATPase in newborn rats, the effect reached a maximum when the animals weighed 150–200 g and again disappeared when the animals grew larger.
Effects of Monovalent Cations on Sodium Permeability of Human Red Cells
Authors: Wieth Jens Otto 
Published: December 2008

AbstractWieth, J. O. Effects of some monovalent cations on sodium permeability of human red cells. Acta physiol. scand. 1970. 79. 76–87.It has been shown previously that monovalent anions of the lyotropic series alter the cation permeability of human red cells. Jn order to determine whether the anion‐induced effects on permeability are inspecific, the effects of an analogous series of monovalent cations were investigated. The permeability to 22Na was the same, whether the predominant cation of a bicarbonate medium was Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, or choline. In chloride media total substitution of Na with Li did not change the permeability to 22Na, whereas it was doubled after replacement with K, Rb, Cs, or choline. Because both lithium and choline ions stabilize water structure, whereas K, Rb, and Cs arc structure‐breakers, it is not likely that effect of ions is due to an inspecific breaking effect on water structure. A number of distinct differences between the permeability changes caused by anions and by cations indicate that the mechanisms of interaction with the cell membrane must be different for negative and positive ions. Additional information was obtained about the effect of bicarbonate on the cation selectivity of the red cell membrane. Bicarbonate facilitates the permeation of hydrated monovalent cations as lithium and sodium, whereas the permeability to potassium and cesium is reduced. It is suggested that the increased influx is due to the formation of ion pairs (LiCO‐3 and NaCO‐3), penetrating the anion selective membrane much more readily than the cations.
Reformation of Taste Buds by Crossed Sensory Nerves in the Rat's Tongue
Authors: Oakley Bruce 
Published: December 2008

AbstractOakley, B. Reformation of taste buds by crossed sensory nervps in the rat's tongue. Acta physiol. scand. 1970. 79. 88–94.Rat taste buds degenerate and disappear when their nerve supply is cut. Regeneration of the taste nerve fibres causes certain epithelial cells to differentiate into slender receptor cells comprising the taste bud. In this study by cross‐union the glossopharyngeal (IXth) nerve was made to innervate the front of the tongue, and in other rats the chorda tympani nerve was forced to grow to the back of the tongue. These cross‐regenerated sensory nerves were able to cause differentiation of epithelial cells into taste buds, whose number and distribution were histologically determined 15 weeks postoperatively. The cross‐innervating IXth nerve reestablished taste buds in the existing fungiform papillae in conformity with the normal number and distribution of taste buds at the front of the tongue. The chorda tympani, forced to innervate the hack of the tongue, reestablish in the foliae papillae more than 1.5 times as many taste buds as it normally innervates. The number of taste buds normally innervated by the chorda tympani must, therefore, be restricted by the capacity of the anterior tongue tissue to respond to this nerve's influence. This study indicates that the distribution and total number of taste buds in the rat tongue is limited by the inherent nature of the tongue region being innervated (tissue‐specific) rather than by the type of nerve supplying the taste buds (nerve‐specific).
Intrarenal Blood Flow and Para‐aminohippurate (PAH) Extraction
Authors: Aukland K. , Løyning E. W. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractAukland, K. and E. W. Loyning. Intrarenal blood flow and para‐aminohippurate (PAH) extraction. Acta physiol. scand. 1970. 79. 95–108.Renal hyperemia induced by acetylcholine or bradykinin reduces the renal extraction of p‐aminohippurate (Epah). If PAH is completely extracted from blood passing through the renal cortex and no PAH is extracted from the juxtamedullary circulation, the medullary flow fraction (1‐Epah) should increase during vasodilatation. To test this hypothesis, Epah was measured in 12 dogs during infusion of acetylcholine and bradykinin into the renal artery; renal blood flow (RBF) was measured by electromagnetic flowmeter, and H2‐clearance from outer medulla, measured polarographically with platinum electrodes, was used as an indicator for medullary blood flow (MBF). Acetylcholine and bradykinin infusions reduced Epah from 0.79 to 0.72 and 0.70 and increased RBF to 154 and 158 per cent respectively. The medullary flow fraction decreased, since MBF rose to only 106 per cent (acetylcholine) and 138 per cent (bradykinin), whereas the hypothesis predicted a rise to more than 200 per cent. Epah is not, therefore, a valid indicator for intrarenal blood flow distribution.A negative correlation between Epah and RBF was also observed when RBF was suddenly reduced by renal artery constriction. The results are compatible with flow‐dependent cortical extraction and no extraction of PAH from medulla. Renal sodium excretion showed no correlation to medullary blood flow.
In vivo Recording of Contractile Activity of Male Accessory Genital Organs in Rabbits
Authors: Melin Per 
Published: December 2008

AbstractMelin, P. In vivo recording of contractile activity of male accessory genital organs in rabbits. Acta physiol. scand. 1970. 79. 109–113.By means of intraluminal pressure measurements, different characteristics of contractile activity, such as amplitude, frequency and duration, have been studied in various parts of the male genital organs. Significant differences in the observed Characteristics were found between the ductus epididymidis and the proximal and distal parts of the vas deferens, as well 'as between the two regions of the vas deferens. The distal part of the vas deferens showed a significantly lower degree of muscular activtiy, compared with both the proximal part of the organ and with the ductus epididymidis.
The Effect of Hypovolemic Hypotension on Extra‐ and Intracellular Acid‐Base Parameters and Energy Metabolites in the Rat Brain
Authors: Siesjö B. K. , Zwetnow N. N. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractSiesjö, B. K. and N. N. Zwetnow. The effect of hypovolemic hypotension on extra‐and intracellular acid‐base parameters and energy metabolites in the rat brain. Acta physiol. scand. 1970. 79. 114–124.The influence of hypovolemic decreases in the mean arterial pressure upon intra‐ and extracellular acid‐base parameters in the brain, and upon tissue concentrations of ATP, ADP, AMP and phosphocreatine, was studied in immobilized and artificially ventilated rats. Hypotensive periods of 20 or 60 min duration did not lead to any significant changes in ATP, ADP, AMP or phosphocreatine concentrations until the mean arterial pressure was below 40 mm Hg, but there was a small gradual increase in tissue lactate concentration, and in the lactate/pyruvate ratio, even at a moderate decrease in blood pressure. The lactate and pyruvate changes were significant even after corrections for blood and CSF lactate and pyruvate contents, and similar changes were seen in the CSF. The moderate changes in extra‐ and intracellular lactate concentrations did not lead to any noticeable decreases in calculated extra‐ and intracellular pH values since even moderate reductions in blood pressure usually led to small concomitant falls in the tissue CO2 tension. Thus, if it can be assumed that the cerebral blood flow was upheld at the moderately reduced perfusion pressures, the results strongly speak against the possibility that the decrease in cerebrovascular resistance, which occurs during autoregulation of flow in hypovolemic hypotension, is related to extracellular pH changes.
Isolation of 32P‐Labelled Phosphorylserine from Ehrlich Mouse‐Ascites Tumour Cells Suspended in an Isotonic Medium Containing 32P‐Labelled Adenosine Triphosphate
Authors: ÅGren G. , Ronquist G. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractÅgren, G. and G. Ronquist. Isolation of32P‐labeled phosphorylserine from Ehrlich mouse‐ascites tumour cells suspended in an isotonic medium containing 32P‐labelled adenosine triphosphate. Acta physiol. scand. 1970. 79. 125–128.Labelled 32P‐phosphorylserine was isolated from Ehrlich mouse‐ascites tomour cells incubated for short periods in an isotonic medium containing γ32P‐ATP. 32P‐orthophosphate could not be incorporated into phosphorylserine under similar conditions unless having been first linked as a terminal phosphoryl group of ATP. Since ATP does not penetrate the cell membrane, it is concluded that the terminal phosphoryl group of ATP has reacted with a protein located at or in the tumour cell membrane.