bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) as a consequence of neck dissection
Authors: Mesko Thomas W. , Garcia Orlando , Yee Lisa D. , Villar MaryJo , Chan Helen 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) canhave multiple causes. Surgical neck dissections may have an association with this syndrome and represent the basis for this study. A retrospective review of 50 patients undergoing neck dissections was performed to evaluate for the development of hyponatraemia as a consequence of SIADH. Based on the results of this review, a prospective study of 20 consecutive patients undergoing 22 neck dissections was performed to determine the incidence ofSIADH. A control group of 25 consecutive patients undergoing major non-neck dissection surgery was also studied. SIADH developed in nine of 50 patients (18 per cent) of our retrospective group with a high incidence of development in those who had jugular vein ligation (JVL) (22 per cent), pre-operative radiation therapy (25 per cent) or squamous cell cancers (32 per cent). SIADH developed in six patients undergoing 22 neck dissections (27 per cent) in our prospective group. A high incidence was also noted for those with JVL (42 per cent), pre-operative radiation therapy (67 per cent) or squamous cell cancer (40 per cent). No patients developed symptomatic hyponatraemia. No patients in the prospective control group developed SIADH. Neck dissection surgery is associated with a significant risk for the development of SIADH. Factors such as jugular vein ligation (JVL), pre-operative radiotherapy and squamous cell cancer appear to increase this risk.
Horner's syndrome: a rare presentation of cervical sympathetic chain schwannoma
Authors: Ganesan S. , Harar R. P. S. , Owen R. A. , Dawkins R. S. , Prior A. J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe describe a cervical sympathetic chain schwannoma in a 77-year-old woman who presented with a neck mass and Horner's syndrome. Such schwannomas are rare and this is the first documented case of a Horner's syndrome at presentation. The mass was excised via a cervical approach and her post-operative course was uneventful. The prognosis is excellent, with recurrence being rare. A brief discussion of the pathology, presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of this condition is made in this paper. The relevance of the uncertainty in diagnosis is discussed with the message that a pre-operative Homer's syndrome may guide the surgeon in the care of the patient but we suggest that in all cases proper counselling of the possible neurological consequences of this surgery be conducted.
Reversible sensorineural hearing loss in Lyme disease
Authors: Quinn S. J. , Boucher B. J. , Booth J. B. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe report a case of bilateral sensorineural hearing loss of two years duration which appears to have been due to lateBorrelia burgdorferiinfection. The 39-year-old woman presented with bilateral deafness and multiple other neurological complaints some six months after developing a ‘target’ lesion on the lower leg after walking in the New Forest. Serology forBorrelia burgdorferibecame positive and the patient made a complete recovery from both her deafness and her other neurological problems after a five-week course of oral antibiotic therapy.
Trends in randomized controlled trials in ENT: a 30-year review
Authors: Ah-See K. W. , Molony N. C. , Maran A. G. D. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThere is a growth in the demand for clinical practice to be evidence based. Recent years have seen a rise in the number of randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTS). Such trials while acknowledged as the gold standard for evidence can be difficult to perform in surgical specialities. We have recently identified a low proportion of RCTS in the otolaryngology literature. Our aim was to identify any trend in the number of published RCTS within the ENT literature over a 30-year period and to identify which areas of our speciality lend themselves to this form of study design. A Medline search of 10 prominent journals published between 1966 and 1995 was performed. Two hundred and ninety-six RCTS were identified. Only five were published before 1980. Two hundred (71 per cent) of RCTS were in the areas of otology and rhinology. An encouraging trend is seen in RCTS within ENT literature.
The evaluation of velopharyngeal function using flexible nasendoscopy
Authors: Ramamurthy L. , Wyatt R. A. , Whitby D. , Martin D. , Davenport P. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractNasendoscopy is an essential tool in assessing the dynamic function and structure of the velopharyngeal sphincter during speech and swallowing.Flexible fibre-optic nasendoscopy has been used by the cleft palate team at Withington Hospital, Manchester since 1989. Seventy-six patients were referred between 1989 and 1994 for evaluation of velopharyngeal function during speech. Flexible nasendoscopic evaluation was attempted in 50 patients, and successfully carried out in 43 patients. The age range was four years to 77 years (mean 21 years). The patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 consisting of patients with cleft palate and Group 2 comprised of patients with non-overt cleft palate-related velopharyngeal dysfunction of various aetiologies; such as, submucous cleft, post-tonsillectomy, post-adenoidectomy, neurological and post-traumatic.Based on the findings on nasendoscopy, videofluoroscopy and clinical speech/voice analysis the following treatment options were recommended: 17 (40 per cent) for pharyngoplasty, five (11 per cent) for revision pharyngoplasty, 15 (35 per cent) for speech therapy, four for an obturator and one for tonsillectomy. Two previously undetected submucous clefts were diagnosed.
Patient with primary tonsillar and gastric syphilis
Authors: Ishimaru Tadashi , Mizuno Yasutsugu , Shiga Hideaki , Nagayama Ikuo , Furukawa Mitsuru 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA male patient with syphilitic lesions in the tonsil and stomach is presented. The patient was infected while practising oral sex with heterosexual friends. He complained of nausea and snoring; his left tonsil was enlarged. Spirochetes were detected in a smear preparation from the left tonsil. As a gastric lesion, initially believed to be cancer, appeared to result from spirochete ingestion, the case is considered to represent primary syphilis. After antibiotic therapy with ampicillin, the left tonsil returned to normal size and gastric changes were no longer evident endoscopically. Gastroscopy should be considered if syphilis of the tonsil is observed, particularly when gastrointestinal symptoms are present. Both the oral and the gastric lesion can be mistaken for malignant neoplasm.
Prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism in head and neck surgery: the practice of otolaryngologists
Authors: Ah-See K. W. , Kerr J. , Sim D. W. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractDeep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in the surgical patient. The first guideline produced by the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network was for the prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism. Patients undergoing major head and neck cancer surgery commonly exhibit risk factors for venous thromboembolism. Currently, however, there are no data on its incidence in these patients. A questionnaire survey was performed to assess the current practice of consultant otolaryngologists regarding DVT prophylaxis in patients undergoing head and neck cancer surgery. Of those respondents who managed these patients, 57 per cent did not use routine DVT prophylaxis while 43 per cent did. A wide variety of techniques were employed among those practising DVT prophylaxis.A consensus is needed concerning the use of thromboembolism prophylaxis in head and neck surgery patients.
Acute otitis media and otitis media with effusion in children with bacterial meningitis
Authors: Richardson M. P. , Reid A. , Williamson T. J. , Tarlow M. J. , Rudd P. T. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAcute otitis media and otitis media with effusion (OME) have often been observed in children with bacterial meningitis. OME has also been proposed as the mechanism of reversible hearing loss after meningitis. In this controlled study, children with acute bacterial meningitis were studied using auditory brainstem responses (ABR), otoacousticemissions, tympanometry and otoscopy. An age- and sex- matched control was recruited for each patient and the incidence of acute otitis media and OME was compared between the twogroups. One hundred and twenty-four children with meningitis were studied. Ninety-two children (74 per cent) had meningococcal meningitis. Five patients (4 per cent) had conductive hearing loss (ABR threshold≥30 dB HL) at the time of discharge from hospital. None of the patients or controls had acute otitis media. Patients and controls were well matched for risk factors for OME and the prevalence of middle ear effusion in patients and controls was 7.2 per cent and 11.3 per cent respectively. The relative risk of OME in the children with meningitis was 0.64 (95 per cent confidence interval 0.29 to 1.42). After nine months, three of the five children with meningitis and conductive hearing loss had regained normal hearing.In contrast to previous reports, there was no relationship between bacterial meningitis and acute otitis media or OME in this study. Nevertheless, coincidental conductive hearing defects were identified as the cause of reversible hearing loss in three patients.
Endoscopic orbital decompression for dysthyroid eye disease
Authors: Koay Boon , Bates Grant , Elston John 
Published: November 2007

AbstractOrbital decompression for dysthyroid eye disease is traditionally performed either through an external approach or transantrally. The introduction of endoscopic sinus surgery over the last decade has led to a better understanding of the intranasal surgical landmarks of orbital walls and the development of endoscopic orbital decompression. We have adopted the endoscopic technique as the treatment of choice for orbital decompression in dysthyroid eye disease for the last two years. The surgical technique is described and illustrated, and the results of our first series of 15 patients (30 orbits) are presented.
Influence of phylogeny on jugular fossa shape and otological disorders
Authors: Tsunoda Atsunobu , Yamada Mari , Komatsuzaki Atsushi 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe examined the shape of the jugular fossa and its protrusion into the tympanic cavity in 51 human skulls and in 355 various monkey skulls. All human specimens had a dome-shaped fossa, and the right fossa was larger than the left in 60 per cent of the specimens. Fossae protruded into the tympanic cavity in 20 per cent of these specimens.In contrast, none of the monkey specimens had a dome-shaped fossa. Some monkeys had saucershaped jugular fossa; the frequency of such fossa became higher as phylogeny progressed. Furthermore, the jugular fossae in monkeys did not protrude into the tympanic cavity. The shapes of both the jugular fossa and sulcus of the transverse sinus were generally symmetrical.The shape of the jugular fossa and its positional relationship to the tympanic cavity were considered from the viewpoint of the influence of phylogeny and the possible relationship to various otological problems.
Nasal septal surgery as an out-patient procedure
Authors: Nieminen Peter , Silvola Juha , Aust Rudolf , Stenfors Lars-Eric 
Published: November 2007

AbstractSixty consecutive patients (48 males, 12 females; age range 16 to 57, mean age 35 years) underwent nasal septal surgery at our out-patient department for symptoms of nasal obstruction. The operations were performed under local anaesthesia supplemented with 2.5–5 mg intravenous midazolam. Only one surgeon and one nurse were needed for the procedure. The total time spent at the hospital averaged three hours. The preliminary short-term results of surgery are comparable to those at our day-care unit. The complication rate was negligible. Ninety-five per cent of these patients regarded the arrangements for their operation as safe. Our results show that nasal septal surgery can be performed with good costeffectiveness, satisfactory quality and with good safety and patient satisfaction as an out-patient procedure.
Chlorine-induced anosmia. A case presentation
Authors: Benjamin E. , Pickles J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractChlorine gas is known to be a potent irritant to the eyes, nose, throat and lungs with severe exposure resulting in pulmonary oedema and even death. There have been no case reports, however, of chlorine inducing anosmia. We present such a case, along with a review of the literature on the toxicology of chlorine and its effect on the nose.
Subcutaneous emphysema as a complication of tonsillectomy
Authors: Hampton S. M. , Cinnamond M. J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractSubcutaneous emphysema occurs when air is introduced into the tissues. This can happen as a complication during, or immediately after surgery. It has rarely been described after tonsillectomy. Definitive treatment will depend on the cause. We report two cases of subcutaneous emphysema following tonsillectomy.
Parapharyngeal abscess secondary to an external auditory meatus foreign body
Authors: Jones R. L. , Chavda S. V. , Pahor A. L. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractParapharyngeal abscess is not an uncommon condition and may be due to spread of infection from acute tonsillitis or dental or secondary to perforating injury of the pharynx. We present a case report of a patient with an external auditory meatus foreign body who developed a parapharyngeal abscess.
Patterns of hearing loss in non-explosive blast injury of the ear
Authors: Berger Gilead , Finkelstein Yehuda , Avraham Shabtai , Himmelfarb Mordehai 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA prospective study of hearing loss in 120 cases with non-explosive blast injury of the ear, gathered over a six-year period, is presented. Thirty-three (27.5 per cent) patients had normal hearing, 57 (47.5 per cent) conductive hearing loss, 29 (24.2 per cent) mixed loss and one (0.8 per cent) had pure sensorineural loss. The severity of conductive hearing loss correlated with the size of the eardrum perforation; only a marginal difference was found between water and air pressure injuries, with respect to this type of hearing loss. Of all locations, perforations involving the posterior-inferior quadrant of the eardrum were associated with the largest air-bone gap. Audiometric assessment revealed that none of the patients suffered ossicular chain damage. Three patterns of sensorineural hearing loss were identified: a dip at a single frequency, two separate dips, and abnormality of bone conduction in several adjacent high frequencies. Involvement of several frequencies was associated with a more severe hearing loss than a dip in a single frequency. Healing of the perforation was always accompanied by closure of the air-bone gap, while the recovery of the sensorineural hearing loss was less favourable.
Congenital dermoid cyst of the tongue
Authors: Miles L. P. , Naidoo L. C. D. , Reddy J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTrue dermoid cysts of the oral cavity are rare, usually presenting as midline swellings in the floor of the mouth and occasionally elsewhere in the oral cavity. This report describes the diagnosis and management of a congenital dermoid cyst of the lateral aspect of the body of the tongue in a 10-year-old girl. The theories of the pathogenesis of this cyst during embryogenesis of the tongue are also reviewed.
Cholesterol granuloma of the maxillary sinus: six cases from the same region
Authors: Kunt Tanfer , Ozturkcan Sedat , Egilmez Reyhan 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIt is common to find cholesterol granuloma in the mastoid antrum and air cells of the temporal bone, but it is very rare in paranasal sinuses. In the development of this pathology, the key factor is the presence of a closed cavity containing exudate and blood. Six cases of cholesterol granuloma of the maxillary sinus are presented from six years' study in our hospital. According to the main symptoms, clinical findings, and radiological appearance (except the destruction of the antrum wall in some patients), the pathology was similar to chronic maxillary sinusitis. All the patients were treated with radical operative techniques.In this study, we reviewed the literature and our cases, and could not detect any findings to explain why this pathology had occurred frequently in our district. We strongly recommend that investigations should be carried out on all specimens obtained from paranasal sinus surgery, because the cholesterol granuloma in the maxillary antrum could be mistaken for chronic sinusitis.
Laryngeal paralysis in organophosphorous poisoning
Authors: Indudharan R. , Win M. N. , Noor A. R. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractOrganophosphorous poisoning causing isolated laryngeal paralysis has only been rarely reported before. We describe a case of difficult extubation in a patient with organophosphorous poisoning, the cause of which was found to be bilateral vocal fold palsy. This is a type of intermediate paralysis that recovers with time. Such a condition should be thought of as a cause of dyspnoea or difficult extubation in patients with organophosphorous poisoning.
Granular cell tumour of the larynx
Authors: Kamal Syed Akhtar , Othman Eyas Osama 
Published: November 2007

AbstractGranular cell tumour (GCT) of the larynx is an uncommon laryngeal tumour. It is always benign and commonly located in the posterior part of the larynx. Care must be taken to differentiate this lesion from others due to the presence of pseudo-epitheliomatous hyperplasia which overlies the GCT and may occasionally mimic squamous cell carcinoma. Therefore, histological differentiation is important because these tumours are normally managed conservatively. The origin of this tumour is a matter of debate, but most authors believe it to be neural in origin. The rarity of this tumour in the male population prompted reporting this case in the literature.
Leiomyosarcoma of the auricle: case report and literature review
Authors: Karasen R. Murat , Sutbeyaz Yavuz , Gundogdu Cemal , Aktan Bulent 
Published: November 2007

AbstractLeiomyosarcoma is a malignant tumour of smooth muscle origin. These tumours are rarely encountered in the head and neck region. A case of leiomyosarcoma of the auricle is presented. There are two cases of external auditory canal leiomyosarcoma in the literature. To our knowledge the present case is the first example of leiomyosarcoma of the auricle.
Verrucous squamous carcinoma of the nasal septum
Authors: Pothula V. B. , Jones H. Savage 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe document only the second reported case of verrucous squamous carcinoma of the nasal septum. In both cases previous surgical treatment for assumed squamous papillomata had resulted in multiple recurrences necessitating formal surgical resection. Our patient has remained tumour-free during long-term follow-up.
Nothing new under the sun: the management of epistaxis
Authors: Pothula Vijay , Alderson David 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe management of epistaxis is reviewed from ancient times onwards. Many curious methods have been employed and indeed epistaxis has been encouraged at times. Although current management is based on sound principles folklore remedies still predominate amongst some of our patients. The basis of contemporary treatments was known and practised by our ancient forebears.
A prospective evaluation of the feasibility of day-case microlaryngeal surgery
Authors: Ah-See K. W. , Kelly G. , Todd J. G. , MacKenzie K. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAn increasing number of surgical procedures are being performed on a day-case basis. In the UK otolaryngologists have been reluctant to introduce same day discharge in microlaryngeal surgery (MLS). The reason for this is the perceived risk to the airway from bleeding and oedema after MLS. The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of establishing a same day discharge service for MLS patients. One hundred consecutive patients under the care of one consultant otolaryngologist were recruited. A clinical street-fit assessment and objective measures of peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) and oxygen saturation (SaO2) were recorded pre- and post-operatively. Results indicate that the PEFR and SaO2 did not change significantly during the course of the study. The street-fit criteria for discharge were satisfied in 80 per cent of patients following surgery. By combining the ASA score (American Society of Anaesthesiologists) with street-fitness 63 per cent of our patients were eligible for same day discharge.
Pull-through oropharyngectomy in advanced stage malignant tumours
Authors: Basterra J. , Bagán J. V. , Zapater E. , Armengot M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractSurgery is the first therapeutic option in extensive oropharyngeal carcinomas. An operation to treat these tumours is described, based on the hemiglossopelvectomy without mandibulectomy technique. Tumours located in the oropharynx are resected downwards by a modified pull-through approach, performing the resection of the oropharyngeal tumour in monoblock with the ipsilateral neck dissection, avoiding any action upon the mandible. The operation has been performed in 14 consecutive patients. By avoiding either mandibulotomy or mandibulectomy, morbidity and post-operative recovery are improved.
Successful treatment of rhinocerebral mucormycosis by a combination of aggressive surgical debridement and the use of systemic liposomal amphotericin B and local therapy with nebulized amphotericin – a case report
Authors: Raj P. , Vella E. J. , Bickerton R.C. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA case of mucormycosis involving the nose and paranasalsinuses in a 55-year-old man with recently diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukaemia is reported. It was successfully treated with a combination of aggressive surgical debridement and systemic amphotericin B. In addition, local nebulized amphotericin B was used as an adjunct totherapy. We believe this is only the second documented use of nebulized amphotericin in the management of sinonasal mucormycosis. The needfor a high index of suspicion and early aggressive management is emphasized.
Internal jugular vein thrombosis in association with the factor V Leiden mutation
Authors: Arullendran P. , Jani P. , Baglin T. , Moffat D. A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe report an unusual case of internal jugular vein thrombosis in a 57-year-old female, with the recently discovered factor V Leiden (FVR506Q) mutation. The molecular basis of this mutation is described, and the importance of screening for hereditary venous thrombotic states is emphasized.
Multidirectional observations of the larynx using transurethral rigid endoscopes during direct laryngoscopy
Authors: Kawaida Masahiro , Fukuda Hiroyuki , Kohno Naoyuki 
Published: November 2007

AbstractMicroscopic direct laryngoscopy (microlaryngoscopy) under general anaesthesia is the optimal method of observing the larynx. However, as microlaryngoscopy does not allow precise observations of the ventricle, inferior surface of the vocal fold and subglottis, multidirectional observations of the larynx using transurethral rigid endoscopes were performed during direct laryngoscopy. This endoscopic technique has been shown to be clinically useful in the diagnosis and treatment of laryngeal lesions. The equipment and methods are introduced herein, and a representative case is presented.