bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unraveling pain experience and catastrophizing after cognitive behavioral therapy: A network model analysis
Authors: YOKOYAMA Satoshi , Adachi Tomonori , Yoshino Atsuo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Pain experiences are often complex with catastrophic cognitions, emotions, and behaviors. Cognitive behavioral therapists share the work of unraveling these complex experiences with their patients. However, the change process underlying the unraveling of the pain experience have not yet been quantified. We used an interrelationship-focused network model to examine the way an undifferentiated conceptualization between cognition and pain experience changed via group cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). Overall, 65 participants were included in the study; they attended the total of 12 weekly group CBT and filled the Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire and the pain catastrophizing questionnaire. Before treatment, there were no edges in the partial correlation-based network because of large covariation across items. After treatment, many edges appeared and, particularly strong couplings were found between items within the same subscale. The formative shift from a non-edged pre-treatment network to a mature post-treatment network indicates that patients were able to conceptualize these symbolic constructs better. These results are consistent with the fundamental monitoring process of CBT.
Neuropsychological profile and its covariates in children with ADHD: A Comparative Study with Neurotypical Peers
Authors: Zadjali Al Haysam Al , Omari Omar Al , Mahadevan Sangeetha , Al-Harthi Lara , Islam M. Mazharul , Hassan Walid , Al-Zakwani Ibrahim , Alshekaili Muna , Mirza Hassan , Al-Adawi Samir 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This study compared the sociodemographic, clinical characteristics, and cognitive functioning of children with ADHD with neurotypical children, investigating associations with screening time, comorbidity, and sleep. Conducted in outpatient clinics in two specialised hospitals, it assessed reasoning ability, visual perception, vigilance, attention, concentration, working memory, verbal learning, and executive functioning. Data from 70 children with ADHD and 48 neurotypical children revealed differences in demographic variables. Children with ADHD were more common in larger low-income families, with employed fathers, experiencing disturbed sleep, born through high-risk pregnancies, and prone to chronic diseases. Regression analysis, controlling for confounders, showed significant differences in visual perception, vigilance, verbal working memory, and verbal fluency between the two groups. In particular, executive functioning, visual perception, vigilance, working memory, and verbal memory also varied significantly with respect to the impact of cognitive status on sleep, screen time, and comorbidity. This study highlights the neuropsychological differences between children with ADHD and their neurotypical peers, highlighting associations with clinical risk factors and sociodemographic background. It underscores the importance of further research into these associations.
A local filtering-based energy-aware routing scheme in flying ad hoc networks
Authors: Hosseinzadeh Mehdi , Husari Fatimatelbatoul Mahmoud , Yousefpoor Mohammad Sadegh , Lansky Jan , Min Hong 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Flying ad hoc network (FANET) is a new technology, which creates a self-organized wireless network containing unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). In FANET, routing protocols deal with important challenges due to limited energy, frequent failures in communication links, high mobility of UAVs, and limited communication range of UAVs. Thus, a suitable path is always essential to transmit data between UAVs reliably. In this paper, a local filtering-based energy-aware routing scheme (LFEAR) is proposed for FANETs. LFEAR improves the template of the route request (RREQ) packet by adding three other fields, namely the energy, reliable distance, and movement similarity of the relevant route to create stable and energy-efficient paths between UAVs. In the routing process, LFEAR presents a local filtering construction technique to avoid the broadcasting storm issue. This filter limits the broadcasting range of RREQs in the network. Accordingly, only UAVs inside this local filtered area can rebroadcast RREQ and other UAVs must eliminate this packet. Upon the end of the route discovery process, the destination begins the route selection phase and extracts information about each discovered route, including the number of hops, route energy, reliable distance, and movement similarity from the relevant RREQ. Then, the destination node calculates a score for each path based on the extracted information, selects the route with the highest score, and sends a route reply (RREP) packet to the source node through this route. Finally, the simulation process of LFEAR is performed using the NS2 simulator, and two simulation scenarios, namely change in network density and change in the speed of UAVs, are defined to evaluate network performance. In the first scenario, LFEAR improves energy consumption, packet delivery rate, network lifespan, and delay by 1.33%, 1.77%, 6.74%, and 1.71%, while its routing overhead is about 16.51% more than EARVRT. In the second scenario, LFEAR optimizes energy consumption and network lifetime by 5.55% and 5.67%, respectively. However, its performance in terms of routing overhead, packet delivery rate, and delay is 23%, 2.29%, and 6.67% weaker than EARVRT, respectively.
Interpolating many-body wave functions for accelerated molecular dynamics on near-exact electronic surfaces
Authors: Booth George , Rath Yannic 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

While there have been many developments in computational probes of both strongly-correlated molecular systems and machine-learning accelerated molecular dynamics, there remains a significant gap in capabilities in simulating accurate non-local electronic structure over timescales on which atoms move. We describe a practical approach to bridge these fields by interpolating the correlated many-electron state through chemical space, whilst avoiding the exponential complexity of these states. With a small number of accurate correlated wave functions as a training set, we demonstrate provable convergence to near-exact potential energy surfaces for subsequent dynamics with propagation of a valid many-body wave function and inference of its variational energy whilst retaining a mean-field computational scaling. This represents
a profoundly different paradigm to the direct interpolation of properties through chemical space in established machine-learning approaches. We combine this with modern electronic structure to systematically resolve molecular dynamics, highlighting qualitative improvements from traditional machine-learned potentials or dynamics on mean-field surfaces.
Adaptation and Validation of the Washington Group/UNICEF Child Functioning Module in a Nationally Representative Sample of Canadian Children and Youth
Authors: Nolan Emma , Cost Katherine , Miller Ryan , Wang Li , Chen Yun-Ju , Edwards Jordan , Duku Eric , Georgiades Stelios , Szatmari Peter , MacMillian Harriet , Waddell Charlotte , Georgiades Katholiki 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background: The Washington Group/UNICEF Child Functioning Module (WG/UNICEF CFM) was developed to assess functional difficulties among children and youth in national household surveys. The objective of this study was to examine the latent structure of the WG/UNICEF CFM using a graded response scale in a nationally representative sample of children and youth aged 5-17 years in Canada.
Methods: Data for analyses come from the 2019 Canadian Health Survey on Children and Youth (n=33,420). Survey data were collected by Statistics Canada using an electronic questionnaire that was either self-completed online or interviewer-administered by telephone. To assess the latent structure of the WG/UNICEF CFM, analyses were conducted in four linked phases focusing on the following 9 domains: self-care, communication, learning, remembering, concentrating, accepting change, behavior, relationships, and emotions. An exploratory factor analysis was conducted first, followed by, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), evaluations of measurement invariance across age and sex and external validity using structural equation modeling and instrumental variables.
Results: Results indicated that a two-factor model best described the data, χ2(26, N = 16,810) = 619.076, p < .002, CFI = .98, TLI= .97, RMSEA = .037). Factor one represented Cognitive, Behavioural and Interpersonal Functional Difficulties; while Factor two represented Emotional Functional Difficulties. The external validity tests supported the distinction between the two factors by demonstrating stronger associations with instrumental variables measuring similar underlying constructs.
Conclusions: The WG/UNICEF CFM has been predominantly evaluated in low-to-middle income countries. This study extends existing evidence by demonstrating the utility of the WG/UNICEF CFM for assessing childhood functional difficulties in a general population sample in a high-income country. The psychometric properties, including demonstrated reliability and validity, in combination with its ease of use and no cost, highlights the applicability of the WG/UNICEF CFM as a promising measure for assessing functional difficulties in in general population health surveys of children and youth.
Outcomes by Best Response With Hypomethylating Agent Plus Venetoclax in Adults with Previously Untreated Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Jain Akriti G , Volpe Virginia O , Wang Chen , Ball Somedeb , Tobon Katherine , Chan Onyee , Padron Eric , Kuykendall Andrew , Lancet Jeffrey E , Komrokji Rami , Sallman David A , Sweet Kendra 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
We aimed to compare outcomes of patients with AML treated with frontline hypomethylating agent and venetoclax (HMA+Ven) who achieved complete remission (CR), complete remission with partial hematologic recovery (CRh), complete remission with incomplete hematologic recovery (CRi), or morphologic leukemia-free state (MLFS) as defined by ELN 2022.
Methods:
Patients with AML seen at Moffitt Cancer Center between 2018 and 2022 and treated with HMA+Ven were retrospectively evaluated.
Results:
About 120 patients achieved blast clearance with best response of CR in 52 (43.3%), CRh in 22 (18.3%), CRi in 31 (25.8%) and MLFS in 15 (12.5%) patients. Greater proportion of patients with MLFS had a prior myeloid malignancy (p=0.003) and were treated with prior HMA (p<0.001). Patients that achieved MLFS as their best response had inferior OS compared to the CR/CRh/CRi cohort (8 months vs 27 months; p<0.001). RFS was also worse for the MLFS cohort.
Conclusion:
To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest study analyzing differences in outcomes of AML patients treated with HMA+Ven based on best response. We noted that prior myeloid malignancy and use of HMA led to more MLFS as best response compared to CR/CRi. The OS and RFS were inferior for MLFS cohort.
Informant characteristics are associated with the Clinical Dementia Rating Sum of Boxes scores in the Alzheimer's Disease patients participating in the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center Uniform Data Set
Authors: Vargas-Gonzalez Juan-Camilo , Chadha Antonella Santuccione , Castro-Aldrete Laura , Ferretti Maria Teresa , Tartaglia Carmela 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
The Clinical Dementia Rating® Sum of Boxes (CDR®-SB) is used to stage dementia severity; it is one of the most common outcome measurements in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) research and clinical trials. The CDR®-SB requires an informant to provide input to stage a patient’s dementia severity. The effect of the informant’s characteristics on the CDR®-SB is unknown. We aimed to evaluate the effect of the informant’s sex, relationship to the patient, and frequency of contact on the CDR®-SB scores in patients with Alzheimer's Disease with mild cognitive impairment or dementia included in the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center Uniform Data Set (NACC-UDS).
Methods
We included all participants from the NACC-UDS that had AD as diagnosis, and information about the Mini-Mental State Examination or Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores, informant sex, relationship to patient and frequency of contact; we also analyzed the possible interaction between these characteristics on the CDR®-SB as the outcome. We performed a multilevel linear regression analysis.
Results
We included data from 20636 participants, totalling 47727 visits. Patients' age was 74.0 ± 9.4 years and 54.1% were females. Informant characteristics were mean age of 66.2 ± 13.2 years, 69.1% were females, and the relationship to patients was 60.5% spouse or partner, 26.7% children and 12.8% other relation. The CDR®-SB scores were 0.20 higher (CI 95%: 0.11 to 0.29) when the informant was female. When comparing to informant’s relationship with the baseline being spouse or partner, the CDR®-SB was 0.39 higher (CI 95%: 0.25 to 0.53) when the informant was the patient’s child and 0.18 lower (CI 95%: -0.35 to -0.01) if relationship was other. Regarding the frequency of contact, CDR®-SB scores were 0.38 higher (CI95%: 0.28 to 0.47) when contact was at least once a week, 0.65 higher (CI95%: 0.52 to 0.78) when contact was daily, and 0.57 higher (CI95%: 0.46 to 0.69) when informant was living with the patient, baseline was a frequency of less than once per week. Finally, the interaction between informant relationships other and female patients showed a 0.24 higher CDR®-SB score (CI95%: 0.03 to 0.46).
Conclusions
We found that the CDR®-SB scores are significantly modified by informant characteristics and frequency of contact in the NACC-UDS patients with AD diagnosis. These findings hold clinical significance as informant characteristics ideally should not impact the staging of AD patients, and any such effects could introduce bias into clinical evaluations in clinical trials. Future research endeavours should investigate strategies to address and mitigate the influence of these confounding variables.
Physics-Informed Neural Network Simulation of Thermal Cavity Flow
Authors: Fowler Eric , McDevitt Christopher J. , Roy Subrata 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are an emerging technology that can be used both in place of and in conjunction with conventional simulation methods. In this paper, we used PINNs to perform a forward simulation without leveraging known data. Our simulation was of a 2D natural convection-driven cavity using the vorticity-stream function formulation of the Navier-Stokes equations. We used both 2D simulations across the x and z domains for a constant Rayleigh (Ra) number and 3D simulations across the x, z, and Ra domains. This 3D simulation was a test of a PINN’s ability to learn solutions across the parameter space for simulations, which is one potential advantage of PINNs over conventional simulation methods. The simulation results were compared against known solutions at Ra values of 103 , 104 , 105 , and 106. Both the 2D simulations and 3D simulations successfully matched the expected results. For the 2D cases, more training iterations were needed for the model to converge at the higher Ra values of 105 and 106 than at 103 and 104. The 3D case was also able to converge but, as expected, it required more training than any of the 2D cases due to increased dimensionality. These results showed the validity of standard 2D simulations and the feasibility of higher-order parameter space simulations that are not possible using conventional methods. They also showcased the additional computational demand associated with increasing the dimensionality of the learned parameter space.
Targeted gene sequencing reveals disparate genomic mutations between young and older adults in Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Baochao , Xie Tianlei , Li Hao , Yi Xiaoming , Ding Meng , Xue Song , Ji Changwei , Guo Hongqian 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a type of cancer that can develop at any point in adulthood, spanning the range of age-related changes that occur in the body. However, the specific molecular mechanisms underlying the connections between age and genomic mutations in RCC have not been extensively investigated.
Methods
Clinical and genomic data from patients diagnosed with RCC were collected from two prominent medical centers in China as well as the TCGA dataset. The patients were categorized into two groups based on their prognosticated age: young adults (YAs) and older adults (OAs). Univariate and multivariate analysis were employed to evaluate the relationships between age and genomic mutations. Furthermore, a mediation analysis was conducted to assess the association between age and overall survival, with genomic disparities serving as a mediator.
Results
Our analysis revealed significant differences in clinical presentation between YAs and OAs with RCC, including histopathological types, histopathological tumor stage, and sarcomatoid differentiation. YAs were found to have lower mutation burden and significantly mutated genes (SMGs) of RCC. However, we did not observe any significant differences between the two groups in terms of 10 canonical oncogenic signaling pathways-related genes mutation, telomerase-related genes (TRGs) mutation, copy number changes, and genomic mutations associated with clinically actionable targeted drugs. Importantly, we demonstrate superior survival outcomes in YAs, and we confirmed the mediating effect of genomic disparities on these survival outcome differences between YAs and OAs.
Conclusion
Our findings reveal previously unrecognized associations between age and the molecular underpinnings of RCC. These associations may serve as valuable insights to guide precision diagnostics and treatments for RCC.
Carboxymethyl cellulose-assisted reforming of poly (acrylic acid-co-methyl methacrylate) for boost removal of dyeing wastewater and improved stabilization of Ag nanoparticles to eradicate microbes
Authors: Hamdy Ahmed , Darwish Atef Samir , Nageh Hassan , Hassan Salah , Mekewi Mohamed 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

In this study, the conventional fibrous structure of poly (acrylic acid-co-methyl methacrylate) chains is reoriented and significantly joined to form a layer-like morphology by being hybridized with carboxymethyl cellulose. Such innovative hybrid polymeric material is analyzed using various techniques, including, FTIR, XRD, swelling and contact angle studies, DLS, AFM, and SEM. Removal efficiency of such hybrid polymeric system is scrutinized in treatment of dyeing wastewater. Removal of cationic safranin dye from wastewater is best described by Langmuir model and pseudo-first-order kinetic approach, adopting exothermic adsorption progression with highly developed capacity (~ 59.47 mg/g) and accelerated rate (~ 1.06 h− 1). Such hybrid polymeric system exhibits elevated removal efficiency of ca. 90% within 10 min for at least five-consecutive cycles. Besides, such hybrid polymeric system considers a potential platform to stabilize Ag nanoparticles upgrading their accessibility to eradicate Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Increased demand for exploring innovative materials in the field of wastewater treatment requalifies the hybrid O-rich polymeric systems to a magnificent adsorbing and biocidal performance.
Detecting sorghum aphid infestation in grain sorghum using leaf spectral response
Authors: Craigie Grace , Hefley Trevor , Grijalva Ivan , Ciampitti Ignacio A. , Goodin Douglas G. , McCornack Brian 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Sorghum aphids, Melanaphis sorghi (Theobald) became a major economic concern in sorghum causing 70% yield loss without timely insecticide applications. The overarching goal is to develop a monitoring system for sorghum aphids using remote sensing technologies to detect changes in plant-aphid density interactions. We studied the effect of aphid density on sorghum spectral responses near the feeding site and on distal leaves from infestation and quantified potential systemic effects to determine if aphid feeding can be detected. A leaf spectrometer at 400–1000 nm range was used to measure reflectance changes by varying levels of sorghum aphid density on lower leaves and those distant to the caged infestation. Our study results demonstrate that sorghum aphid infestation can be determined by changes in reflected light, especially between the green-red range (550–650 nm), and sorghum plants respond systemically. This study serves as an essential first step in developing more effective pest monitoring systems for sorghum aphids, as leaf reflection sensors can be used to identify aphid feeding regardless of infestation location on the plant. Future research should address whether such reflectance signatures can be detected autonomously using small unmanned aircraft systems or sUAS equipped with comparable sensor technologies.
The high expression of immune checkpoint co-stimulators predicts a favorable prognosis in head and neck carcinomas
Authors: Chang Shi-Rou , Chou Chung-Hsien , Tu Hsi-Feng , Liu Chung-Ji , Chang Kuo-Wei , Lin Shu-Chun 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Objectives: T cells require second immune checkpoint molecules for activation and immune memory after antigen presentation. In our previous study, we found ICOS a favorable prognostic factor amongst B7 immune checkpoint co-stimulators (ICSs) families in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and oral SCC (OSCC).
Materials and method: This study analyzed the expression of on-B7 TNF ligand/receptor superfamily ICSs in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) HNSCC cohort, our OSCC cohort, and pan-cancer datasets. The correlation in expression, prognosis, and immune status was assessed.
Results: The higher expression of CD27, CD30, CD40L, DR3, and OX40, presumably on the T cell surface, defined better overall survival of HNSCC patients. Besides, CD27, CD30, CD40L, and OX40 were highly correlated with ICOS expression in tumors. CD27, CD40L, and DR3 expression are higher in HPV+ HNSCC tumors than in HPV- tumors. The combined expression level of CD27/OX40 or CD27/CD40L/OX40 enables the potent survival prediction of small, less nodal involvement, early stage, and HPV+ tumor subsets. In both HNSCC and our OSCC cohorts, tumors expressing high CD27, CD30, CD40L, ICOS, and OX40 exhibited enhanced immune cell infiltration. The high correlation in the expression of these ICSs is also noted in the vast majority of tumor types in addition to HNSCC in TCGA datasets.
Conclusion: The findings suggest that the concordant stimulation of CD27, CD30, CD40L, ICOS, and OX40 could be a crucial strategy in cancer immunotherapy.