bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Hydroformylation Catalyzed by Ruthenium Complexes
Authors: KALCK P. , PERES Y. , JENCK J. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances in the Chemistry of Metal‐Carbon Triple Bonds
Authors: MAYR A. , HOFFMEISTER H. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure and Bonding in the Parent Hydrides and Multiply Bonded Silicon and Germanium Compounds: from MHn to R2M=M′R2 and RMM′ R
Authors: GREV R. S. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Analytical Criteria for Chiral High‐Pressure Liquid Chromatography
Authors: DOYLE T. D. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Membrane associated nonmuscle myosin II functions as a motor for actin‐based vesicle transport in clam oocyte extracts
Authors: DePina Ana S. , Wöllert Torsten , Langford George M. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractNonmuscle myosin II (Myo2) has been shown to associate with membranes of the trans‐Golgi network and to be involved in Golgi to ER retrograde protein transport. Here, we provide evidence that Myo2 not only associates with membranes but functions to transport vesicles on actin filaments (AFs). We used extracts from unactivated clam oocytes for these studies. AFs assembled spontaneously in these extracts and myosin‐dependent vesicle transport was observed upon activation. In addition, actin bundles formed and moved relative to each other at an average speed of ˜0.30 μm/s. Motion analysis revealed that vesicles moved on the spontaneously assembled AFs at speeds greater than 1 μm/s. The motor on these vesicles was identified as a member of the nonmuscle Myo2 family based on sequence determination by Edman chemistry. Vesicles in these extracts were purified by sucrose gradient centrifugation and movement was reconstituted in vitro using skeletal muscle actin coated coverslips. When peripheral membrane proteins of vesicles including Myo2 were removed by salt stripping or when extracts were treated with an antibody specific to clam oocyte nonmuscle Myo2, vesicle movement was inhibited. Blebbistatin, a Myo2 specific inhibitor, also blocked vesicle movement. Myo2 light chain kinase activity was found to be essential for vesicle movement and sliding of actin bundles. Together, our data provide direct evidence that nonmuscle Myo2 is involved in actin‐dependent vesicle transport in clam oocytes. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
In-home shopping
Authors: McCorkle Denny E. , Planchon John M. , James William L. 
Published: July 2007

A search for published empirical research on in-home shopping found only 27 studies. The bulk of this research compared in-home shopping behavior or intentions with those of non-in-home shoppers, and then tested for significant differences of certain predictor variables. These studies offered a plethora of different treatments of in-home shopping as a criterion variable. In many instances, the distinction between the type of in-home shopping mode (i.e., catalog, television, door-to-door salesperson) and the type of response (mail, telephone, or electronic transmission) was not clearly specified. While researchers have yet to present evidence that in-home shopping behavior varies between methods of ordering (response), there is limited intermodal research which indicates that in-home shopping behavior varies between in-home shopping modes. Even when examining a single mode in isolation, such as catalog shopping, nonsignificant and conflicting results abound. These intramodal differences are ascribed in hypothesis to the differences in the sources sending the direct response messages, and the differences in the products studied or purchased. In an attempt to offer generalizations, the authors conclude that very little is yet known about the in-home shopper. Until consumer researchers begin to treat in-home shopping as a multicomponent criterion variable, consisting of a source, a mode, and a response, advancement of the discipline is limited.
Direct marketing and research
Authors: Pring David C. 
Published: July 2007

Direct marketing is a rapidly maturing industry. With increased consumer interest and use of direct marketing, the industry is becoming more competitive and is turning from a selling mode to one involving a more sophisticated marketing orientation. With this change it is necessary to better understand consumer attitudes, needs, beliefs and behavior in order to fine-tune products and services and the ways in which they are offered. This article reviews the options, methods, and effects of marketing research for the industry with emphasis on how the smaller direct marketing company can benefit. Under review is a complete range of research techniques that the direct marketer can consider, from simple qualitative research to the use of database analysis and augmentation and beyond to more sophisticated applications of segmentation analysis and expert systems drawing on actual examples as appropriate.
Target output circuits for 4‐GHz band deflection‐modulated EBS amplifiers
Authors: Makishima Hideo , Mitomi Osamu 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThis paper presents the performance, design and fabrication of the target output circuit for a 4‐GHz deflection‐modulated EBS amplifier. mounted, have beenn obtained. The relationship between the circuit and output performance is analysed; an output circuit for miniaturization and wide ‐ band operation has been designed. A 4 ‐GHz EBS amplifier has been fabricated and its output investigated. Results show that the output circuit for series parallesl type and has wider bandwidth. The 4 ‐GHz EBS amplifier, using microstrip line output and series diode type circuit ,gives a maximum output of 4.7 Wat 4.25 GHZ, a ‐3 dB bandwidth of 300 MHZ and a gain of 16.7 dB ;these experimental values agree well with the analytical results.
Two‐dimensional analysis of monolithic crystal filters using mode‐matching technique
Authors: Sekimoto Hitoshi 
Published: July 2007

AbstractTo perform a two‐dimensional analysis of a monolithic filter (MCF), the distributed parameter analysis based on an approximate two‐dimensional model and the coupled oscillation analysis based on a variational method are used widely. However, the error in the first method is large for a conventional MCF which is designed to prevent nonharmonic higher‐order vibration. This is because approximations are introduced to the displacement distribution. In the second method, the distributed parameter characteristics of an MCF cannot be estimated because it is equivalent to that based on an approximate coupling circuit with lumped elements. This paper introduces a more rigorous distributed parameter method for MCF's based on the mode matching technique. This analysis can also be applied to an MCF with two‐dimensionally placed electrodes. First, the coupling coefficient of a two‐dimensionally placed two‐electrode pair and the filter characteristics of a one‐dimensionally placed three‐electrode pair MCF are analyzed. It is confirmed that the present method evaluates correctly the distributed parameter characteristics of an MCF with a weak energytrapping capability. The conventional methods cannot be applied to this kind of MCF. Next, as an example of MCF's with two‐dimensionally placed electrodes, we treat a four‐electrode pair MCF with an attenuation pole on the high‐frequency side. It is shown that the filter characteristic obtained by the present method can realize the distributed parameter characteristics that cannot be analyzed by the conventional methods. Thus the usefulness of this method for distributed parameter analysis of MCF's with two‐dimensionally placed electrodes is confirmed.
SCF realization based on the simulation of node equations
Authors: Hayahara Etsuro , Asano Yoshikazu 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThis paper presents a synthesis method for LC filters using switched‐capacitor simulations. The relation between the structure of the original LCR circuits and the synchronization of node voltages in an SCF simulating the original circuit is first investigated and a synthesis method is then derived for a low‐pass filter using the results.
Extraordinary traffic handling in the telecommunication network
Authors: Akiyama Minoru , Tanaka Yoshiaki , Yamashita Mikio , Cheong Chong Lit 
Published: July 2007

AbstractExtraordinary traffic phenomena caused by network failures, disasters and social accidents cause remarkable deterioration of the network throughput and service grade. Algorithms of traffic control, e.g., originating traffic control, code blocking control, alterante route control and time‐out control, have been investigated and some of them have been implemented as countermeasures.This paper studies analytically the mechanism of congestion and traffic handling behavior of the telecommunication network for focused extraordinary traffic overload in a two‐stage hierarchical network, using an exchange model which has limited call handling capacity. The congestion at every part of the network can be explained by several factors: network configuration; traffic flow pattern of the extraordinary overload; maximum call handling capacity of exchanges; and the number of channels of the links. The increase of repeated calls arising as the result of congestion at exchanges is one of the dominant factors reducing the throughput of the network.
Effects of electron cyclotron resonances in the raman‐type free‐electron laser
Authors: Shiozawa Toshiyuki 
Published: July 2007

AbstractA Raman‐type free‐electron laser with the pumping source of a transverse periodic magnetic field of right circular polarization is considered theoretically herein. The focus is the effect of a longitudinally applied uniform magnetostatic field on the behavior of the scattered wave. Using both analytical and numerical approaches, special attention is given to the behavior of the scattered wave in the vicinity of electron cyclotron resonances. The major results may be summarized as follows: according to the conditions imposed on the pumping source, the scattered wave becomes either the electromagnetic wave mode or the electron cyclotron wave mode, or it is not excited; further, there appear two kinds of resonance phenomena in the scattering characteristics for the electron cyclotron wave mode. In the vicinity of one of these resonances, the growth rate for the electromagnetic scattered wave is found to take a maximum value, which can be one order of magnitude or more as large as the growth rate for the case without a uniform magnetostatic field.
A geometrical theory of scaling in the sensory system with several inputs and single output
Authors: Takiyama Ryuzo , Member Regular 
Published: July 2007

AbstractNumerizing and describing various sensations are important in the discussion of human information processings as well as in the construction of an information processing system, simulating human recognition and behavior. This paper considers the psychophysical function when the stimulus is multidimensional and the corresponding sensation is one‐dimensional. We define a state space spun by several physical continua and a psychological continuum, which is regarded as an n‐dimensional Riemannian space. the psychophysical function is defined as a certain geometrical invariant in this space. A metric is introduced into this state space based on the threshold of discrimination, and functions are derived which are permissible in this case as psychophysical functions. As an application of this formulation a problem is considered to establish a correspondence between the luminance and the brightness of the colored light. It is shown that when Weber's law and Ekman's law apply to the threshold of discrimination, Stiles' law and Abney's law can be derived as the permissible psychophysical functions.
A method of statistical design of ARMA group‐delay filters
Authors: Kunimoto Toshifumi , Aoki Yoshinao 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThis paper proposes group‐delay response approximation method based on the ARMA filter, an extension of digital filter approximation by statistical design. Since the denominator and numerator coefficient sequences are in opposite order in recursive group‐delay filters, obtaining either coefficient sequence leads to the other. the approximation described here replaces group‐delay response with the magnitude‐squared response via the complex cepstrum. It is then approximated by an auto‐regressive (AR) filter to obtain the denominator coefficient sequence by linear prediction; reversing this sequence gives the numerator coefficient sequence. A design procedure using the FFT and Levinson‐Durbin algorithm gives a solution much faster than the previous method of solution by means of iterated calculations, in addition to which it is easy to assure that the approximation is stable. A coefficient series allowing realization of a low‐coefficient‐sensitivity recursive structure is directly obtained in the design procedure. Examples of group‐delay equalization and results of radar signal simulation are presented as applications of the approximation method. Finally, some additional problems are considered in connection with the difficulty of obtaining a high‐order approximation with large group‐delay response.
A new frequency synthesizer for coherent communication in frequency hopping spread spectrum multiple access communication systems
Authors: Sugiyama Hisayoshi , Amemiya Yoshifumi 
Published: July 2007

AbstractSpread spectrum multiple access (SSMA) is a communication system where narrow‐band information spectrum is spread uniformly over communication bandwidth and plural communication parties share the same frequency band at the same time. In frequency hopping SSMA (or FH‐SSMA), PN signals for spectrum spreading of information signal are generated by a frequency synthesizer. Conventional frequency synthesizers cannot generate PN signals which have the same frequency and phase in the corresponding timeslot at the transmitter and receiver sides independently. For this reason, coherent detection is impossible. Although many frequency synthesizers using SAW filter have been proposed for the realization of coherent communication in a frequency hopping system, there are some problems, including errors in synthesized frequency and phase uncontrollability. This paper presents a new frequency synthesizer to realize coherent communication in FH‐SSMA.
New decoding methods of interleaved burst error‐correcting codes
Authors: Nakano Yukio , Kasahara Masao , Namekawa Toshihiko 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThis paper proposes new methods of burst error correction for block interleaved error‐correcting codes. First, a probabilistic method of a single burst error correction, using syndrome correlation of subcodes which constitute the interleaved code, is presented. With this method, the high capability of correcting burst errors potentially owned by the interleaved codes is realized with less decoding delay. Second, by generalizing the above method, a probabilistic method of multiple (m‐fold) burst error correction is presented. With this method, after estimating the burst error positions using syndrome correlation of subcodes which are interleaved m‐fold burst error detecting codes, erasure errors are corrected in each subcode and m‐fold burst errors are corrected successfully. the code constructed by interleaving m‐fold burst error‐detecting codes is shown to be superior to the Reed‐Solomon code for 2‐fold burst error correction with respect to both error correction capability and decoding delay. the performances of these methods (single burst error correction method and multiple burst error correction method) are analyzed by computer simulation and their effectiveness is clarified.
Effects of equalization in graded‐index optical fibers influenced by mode mixing
Authors: Yamamura Tetsuya , Itoh Kiyohiko , Itoh Hiroki 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThis paper describes a theoretical investigation on equalization effects in spliced graded‐index fibers influenced by mode mixing. Mode conversions at splice points calculated by Snell's law and the WKB method are used to derive the baseband response of spliced fibers. First, we discuss bandwidth broadening due to equalization without mode mixing. Then we take into account mode mixing effects. In particular, the effects of index profile (α‐profile) and fiber length on equalization are discussed.
An approach to digital filter equalizing of the multiplier coefficients
Authors: Hirai Hiroshi , Yamane Toshiki , Tsutsumi Kiyoshi , Yuba Yoshiharu 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe application of digital two‐pair networks in the design of loco‐sensitivity digital filters is considered. Digital twopair networks using parallel connection and certain limited ladder‐type constructions have been proposed. In this paper, digital two‐pair networks using the cascade connection are discussed. In realizing digital two‐pair networks, if the given connection matrix (K‐matrix) is a general rational function matrix it is difficult to reduce the K‐matrix to product form. Therefore, when the K‐matrix is given as a polynomial matrix with determinant 1, the ladder‐type construction is proposed. As an example of the application of the digital two‐pair network, a low‐sensitivity digital filter is considered. A delay‐free loop problem has been noted. In our approach, this problem is solved by including the terminating part of the digital two‐pair network in the K‐matrix. Furthermore, in view of the fact that most multiplier coefficients of the realized lowsensitivity digital filters are almost equal, an approach using digital filter equalizing of the multiplier coefficients is also considered as a digital filter design method.
A practical method of measuring the scattering characteristics of the pyramidal absorber
Authors: Ono Mitsuhiro , Yokoto Takashi , Shibuya Toru 
Published: July 2007

AbstractPyramidal absorbers widely used today often exhibit complicated scattering phenomena. From the point of view of measurement equipment and operation, it is not easy to measure these phenomena over wide ranges in frequency and incident angle by the traditional method. In this paper, the direct spatial standing‐wave measurement method for the oblique incident case is studied and extended to the method for measuring the scattering characteristics of the absorber. This method has been used for measurement of the reflection coefficient from an absorber with an oblique incident wave. In the new method, the standing‐wave ratio (or the scattering coefficient) and the scattering angle of the wave with the maximum intensity of all the waves are measured at the front surface of the sample. the measurement error of the standing‐wave ratio around 1.1 (scattering coefficient 0.04762) is less than ±20% in terms of scattering coefficient for the incident angle ranging from 0° to 80°. the error in the scattering angle is less than 6° for the 0° scattered wave and less than ±3° for all other scattering angles. the new method requires only simple equipment and the operation is easy. Therefore, measurement of the scattering characteristics of a pyramidal absorber can be done quickly over wide ranges of frequency and incident angle.
An application of the least square method to optimal control problems
Authors: Suzuki Yoshihiko , Yamauchi Nozomu 
Published: July 2007

AbstractAn approximation method for boundary value problems in optimal control is proposed using the least square method. In this method the least square method is used to solve the Euler equations derived by the well‐known “solution by variation” method so that two‐point boundary conditions are satisfied. In applying the least square method, theorems are proven and this method is shown to satisfy simultaneously the principles of the finite element method and of the formalism of the weighted residual method. Also, the approximation obtained by this method has a characteristic that it is an approximate solution (a polynomial in time t) of the form of a quantitatively analyzable function and it is shown that this characteristic can also be utilized in analyzing errors. Furthermore, when a system in question is of higher order, it is transformed first into a controllable canonical form and then the least square method is applied to avoid a large amount of computation time. Based on that theory a program was written and by solving simple problems, it has been verified that this method is effective in solving the two‐point boundary value problem for ordinary differential equations.
Application of wagner coding method to multi‐DPSK system
Authors: Kobayashi Hideo , Yanagidaira Hidetaka , Shintani Sotokichi , Kawai Kazuo 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe Wagner coding method utilizing analog information of a received signal in the decoding of single parity check code is known to have a similar ability to that of single error correcting code. Also, it possesses a simple decoding operation. This paper proposes a concrete example of the Wagner coding method applicable to multi‐ DPSK system. Example solutions are shown to the problems such as in the parity check coding scheme which can be used in the DPSK channel, extracting scheme of the channel measurement information in the case of multi‐DPSK system, and the error correcting scheme which can be applied after the differential decoder. Further, the theoretical analyses of BER (Bit Error Rate) performance are made for the case where white Gaussian noise is offered as a signal quality degradation factor and the case where phase jitter is contained in the recovered carrier. Consequently, it is clarified that by simply adding some peripheral circuits to the conventional DPSK modulator/demodulator, the proposed scheme compares favorably with the conventional 4‐DPSK system by 2‐dB improvement in the BER performance against white Gaussian noise and also offers considerable immunity against phase jitter. the equipment is actually fabricated in the case where the proposed method is applied to a 4‐DPSK system and the effectiveness of the proposed method is confirmed through experiments.