bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plant Protein Blend Ingestion Stimulates Postexercise Myofibrillar Protein Synthesis Rates Equivalently to Whey in Resistance-Trained Adults
Authors: VAN DER HEIJDEN INO , MONTEYNE ALISTAIR J. , WEST SAM , MORTON JAMES P. , LANGAN-EVANS CARL , HEARRIS MARK A. , ABDELRAHMAN DOAA R. , MURTON ANDREW J. , STEPHENS FRANCIS B. , WALL BENJAMIN T. 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Purpose
Whey protein ingestion is typically considered an optimal dietary strategy to maximize myofibrillar protein synthesis (MyoPS) after resistance exercise. Although single-source plant protein ingestion is typically less effective, at least partly, due to less favorable amino acid profiles, this could theoretically be overcome by blending plant-based proteins with complementary amino acid profiles. We compared the postexercise MyoPS response after the ingestion of a novel plant-derived protein blend with an isonitrogenous bolus of whey protein.

Methods
Ten healthy, resistance-trained, young adults (male/female: 8/2; age: 26 ± 6 yr; BMI: 24 ± 3 kg·m−2) received a primed continuous infusion of L-[ring-2H5]-phenylalanine and completed a bout of bilateral leg resistance exercise before ingesting 32 g protein from whey (WHEY) or a plant protein blend (BLEND; 39.5% pea, 39.5% brown rice, 21.0% canola) in a randomized, double-blind crossover fashion. Blood and muscle samples were collected at rest, and 2 and 4 h after exercise and protein ingestion, to assess plasma amino acid concentrations, and postabsorptive and postexercise MyoPS rates.

Results
Plasma essential amino acid availability over the 4 h postprandial postexercise period was ~44% higher in WHEY compared with BLEND (P = 0.04). From equivalent postabsorptive values (WHEY, 0.042 ± 0.020%·h−1; BLEND, 0.043 ± 0.015%·h−1) MyoPS rates increased after exercise and protein ingestion (time effect; P < 0.001) over a 0- to 2-h period (WHEY, 0.085 ± 0.037%·h−1; BLEND, 0.080 ± 0.037%·h−1) and 2- to 4-h period (WHEY, 0.085 ± 0.036%·h−1; BLEND, 0.086 ± 0.034%·h−1), with no differences between conditions during either period or throughout the entire (0–4 h) postprandial period (time–condition interactions; all P > 0.05).

Conclusions
Ingestion of a novel plant-based protein blend stimulates postexercise MyoPS to an equivalent extent as whey protein, demonstrating the utility of plant protein blends to optimize postexercise skeletal muscle reconditioning.
High Q lithium niobate metasurfaces with transparent electrodes for efficient amplitude and phase modulation
Authors: Leng Runxue , Chen Xingqiao , Liu Ping , Zhu Zhihong , Zhang Jianfa 
Published: March 2024

Lithium niobate (LN)-based metasurfaces have demonstrated remarkable potential in integrated electro-optically adjustable metadevices with the maturation of thin film LN on insulator (LNOI) technology. Here, we proposed a type of high Q factor tunable metasurface with etchless LN, which is electrically driven in the vertical direction by using transparent conductive film. A transmission amplitude modulation of over 60 dB at a voltage of 20 V is realized through guided mode resonances created at the LN layer with a Q factor of 1320. Meanwhile, phase modulation is also realized with a reflective design by adding a gold layer at the bottom of the metasurface. With a gate voltage of 80 V, about 1.75π phase modulation is achieved while keeping reflection over 92%. Our proposed device achieves effective modulation of optical amplitude and phase in the near-infrared band, which lays a good foundation for the development of high performance LN-based active nanophotonic devices.
205–240  GHz free-space-to-fiber mode adapter with an 80% mode conversion efficiency
Authors: Liu Lufei , Heng Xiaobo , Xuan Hongwen 
Published: March 2024

In this work, we propose an integrated terahertz mode adapter that couples broadband terahertz radiation from free-space to hollow-core fiber with a high mode conversion efficiency (Gaussian beam-to-TE01) of up to 80%. The adapter consists of a pyramidal horn antenna, a broadband mode converter, and a conical horn. The simulation results indicate that the TE01 mode in the hollow-core fiber can be efficiently excited by the terahertz mode adapter. The terahertz mode adapter successfully achieved a wide operating bandwidth of more than 15.7% ranging from 205 to 240 GHz in our simulation.
Retaliating against cyber-attacks: a decision-taking framework for policy-makers and enforcers of international and cybersecurity law
Authors: Leventopoulos Sozon , Pipyros Kosmas , Gritzalis Dimitris 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCyber warfare is a reality taking on increasing importance. Governments, state-sponsored actors, and non-state sponsored actors have used cyber-attacks as the “weapon of choice” due to their specific characteristics. Cyber-attacks can be highly targeted and focused, even tailored to a specific unit or system, providing limited to no physical destruction (unlike a cruise missile) and potentially resulting in no loss of life. There are several incident response frameworks and approaches that an organization can implement to enhance its security posture. Usually, these will address specific adverse events such as computer security incidents, which in turn are limited in scope and coverage, typically within an organization. Nations have made limited effort in confronting severe cyber-attacks targeting and/or threatening them, as well as in preventing these attacks from being launched. In this work, we identify and discuss a decision-taking framework that may allow state actors to adopt new options against severe cyber-attacks, not always complying with international norms. Such options are neither encouraged nor supported. On the contrary, we discuss them so that the international community is made aware of such potential frameworks. More specifically, by defining clear thresholds, roles, and responsibilities, by introducing a structured chain of command, and by identifying the potential of certain actions, policy makers can recognize an extended decision space that may lead to unpredictable deterrence options against cyber-attacks.
Lower autonomic arousal as a risk factor for criminal offending and unintentional injuries among female conscripts
Authors: Oskarsson Sofi , Andersson Anneli , Bertoldi Bridget M. , Latvala Antti , Kuja-Halkola Ralf , Evans Brittany , Raine Adrian , Patrick Christopher J. , Larsson Henrik , Tuvblad Catherine 
Published: March 2024

Background
Lower autonomic arousal is a well-known correlate of criminal offending and other risk-taking behaviors in men, but few studies have investigated this association in women.

Aim
To test associations between autonomic arousal and criminal offending as well as unintentional injuries among female conscripts.

Methods
All women born 1958–1994 in Sweden who participated in voluntary military conscription (n = 12,499) were identified by linking Swedish population-based registers. Predictors were resting heart rate (RHR) and systolic blood pressure (SBP). Covariates were height, weight, and physical energy capacity. Main outcomes were criminal convictions (any, violent, and non-violent) from the National Crime Register. Secondary outcome was unintentional injuries requiring medical treatment or causing death. We used survival analyses to test for associations between predictors and outcomes.

Results
Low RHR, relative to high RHR, was associated with an increased risk of any criminal conviction, non-violent criminal convictions, and unintentional injuries. Low SBP, relative to high SBP, was associated with an increased risk of violent criminal convictions.

Conclusions
Results support lower autonomic arousal, particularly lower RHR, as a correlate of criminal offending among women that warrants further examination, as the reported findings have potential implications for the prediction of future female crime.
The motivations and experiences of specialists who provide outreach services in rural operating rooms: A survey study from British Columbia
Authors: Parajulee Anshu , Stoll Kathrin , Humber Nancy , Ebert Sean , Williams Kim , Kornelsen Jude 
Published: March 2024

Introduction
Outreach care has long been used in Canada to address the lack of access to specialist care in rural settings, but research on the experiences of specialists providing these services is lacking. This descriptive survey study aimed to understand 1) specialists’ motivation for engaging in outreach work, (2) their perceptions of the quality of care at their rural outreach hospital, and (3) the supports they receive for their outreach work, in order to create a supportive framework to encourage specialist outreach contributions.

Methods
In July 2022, specialist physicians who provide outreach operating room services at rural hospitals participating in the Rural Surgical and Obstetrical Networks initiative in the province of British Columbia were invited to complete an anonymous survey.

Results
21 of 45 invited outreach specialists completed the survey (47% response rate). Three-quarters of respondents had a surgical specialty. The opportunity to deliver care to underserved patients was the most common motivator for outreach work. Rural hospitals received high ratings from respondents on overall safety and various aspects of communication and teamwork. Postoperative care was a concern for a minority (one-fifth) of respondents, and about half had experienced unnecessary delays between procedures some or most of the time. Generally, respondents felt integrated into rural teams and reported receiving adequate nursing and anesthetic support. The two most common desired additional supports were better/more equipment and space and additional staffing. All 19 respondents not planning to retire soon intended to provide outreach services for at least three more years.

Conclusion
Specialists providing outreach OR services in small volume rural hospitals in BC usually have altruistic motives for outreach work. For the most part, these specialists have positive experiences in rural hospitals, but they can be better supported through investment in infrastructure and health human resources. Specialists intend to provide outreach services long-term, indicating a stable outreach workforce. More research on the facilitators and barriers of specialist outreach work is needed.
Difficulties and challenges experienced by nurses in eldercare institutions in Albania: A qualitative content analysis
Authors: Podgorica Nertila , Pjetri Emiljano , Müller (M. A.) Andreas W. , Perkhofer Susanne 
Published: March 2024

Introduction
The global and Albanian populations of elderly people are steadily increasing. It is estimated that the number of elderly adults requiring care in Albania will rise from 90.9 thousand to 130.4 thousand by 2030. Despite the envisaged increase in the number and life expectancy of the elderly population in Albania, which will result in an increased demand for nursing care, little is known about the difficulties and challenges that nurses face while providing care for elderly Albanian individuals.

Aim
To explore the difficulties and challenges nurses experience while caring for elderly people in Albanian eldercare institutions.

Methods
The study employed a qualitative design using purposive sampling of 20 nurses in 8 eldercare institutions who participated in face-to-face semi-structured interviews. The audio-recorded interviews were transcribed and subsequently subjected to analysis using Graneheim and Lundman’s qualitative conventional content analysis. Data analysis was supported by the qualitative data analysis software MAXQDA 2020. The reporting of this study followed the consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ) checklist.

Results
Five key categories emerged from data analysis: (1) professional difficulties, (2) educational difficulties, (3) relationship challenges, (4) increased mental stress, and (5) participation in advocacy. This study showed that nursing staff experienced many barriers, challenges, and unmet needs when implementing care for elderly people in long-term care facilities.

Conclusion
The findings indicate that nurses working in eldercare institutions faced significant challenges in caring for elderly people. Nurses need more legal, financial, educational, and emotional support. The study indicates that more organizational and national support is necessary for nursing staff to care for elderly people in eldercare Albanian institutions properly. Eldercare institution leaders need to recognize the importance of their role in overcoming the barriers and providing adequate support for their staff in caring for elderly people.
The double-edged scalpel: Experiences and perceptions of pregnancy and parenthood during Canadian surgical residency training
Authors: Peters Mikaela J. , Zhang Alissa W. , Roffey Darren M. , Lefaivre Kelly A. 
Published: March 2024

Introduction
Only 34% of Canadian surgeons in 2022 were female. The protracted length of surgical residency training, concerns regarding infertility, and increased rates of obstetrical complications have been shown to contribute to the disproportionate lack of females in surgical specialties.

Methods
A novel online survey was sent to all surgical residents in Canada. Respondents were asked about perceptions of pregnancy and parenthood during surgical training, and parents were asked about parental leave, accommodations they received, and pregnancy complications. Chi squared tests were used to compare opinions of male and female residents.

Results
A total of 272/2,419 (11.2%) responses were obtained, with a high response from females (61.8%) and orthopaedic residents (29.0%). There were 56 women reporting 76 pregnancy events during training, 62.5% of which had complications. Notably, 27.3% of men and 86.7% of women ‘agreed’ or ‘strongly agreed’ that surgeons have higher pregnancy complication rates than the general population (p<0.001). Men were much less likely to believe that pregnant residents should be offered modified duties (74.2% of men, 90.0% of women, p = 0.003). Women were much more likely to experience significant stigma or bias due to their status as a parent (43% of women, 0% of men, p<0.001). Women reported negative comments from others at a higher rate (58.5% of women, 40.7% of men, p = 0.013). Women believe there is negative stigma attached to being pregnant during training (62.7% of women, 42.7% of men, p = 0.01). The limitations of our study include a small sample size and response bias.

Conclusion
Challenges and negative perceptions exist around pregnancy and parenthood in surgical residency, which disproportionately affect women trainees.
Harmaline induces apoptosis and inhibits migration in A2780 ovarian cancer cells in vitro
Authors: Shariat Razavi Seyed Ali , Taghdisi Khaboushan Masoumeh , Jafari Raha , Shahini Arshia , Ferns Gordon A. , Bahrami Afsane 
Published: March 2024

AbstractOvarian cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies in women. Harmaline is reported to have powerful anticancer properties. We aimed to investigate the apoptotic and antimetastatic properties of harmaline in A2780 ovarian cancer cells. Cell viability, apoptosis, migration, and invasion were investigated in cells treated with harmaline. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, mRNA expression of apoptosis‐associated genes, MMP‐2, and MMP‐9 were measured. Harmaline attenuated the viability of A2780 ovarian cancer cells in a dose‐ and time‐dependent way. Furthermore, compared to NIH/3T3 mouse normal cell line (IC50 = 417 μM), the malignant A2080 cells were more sensitive to harmaline (IC50 = 300 μM after 24 h). Harmaline increased the production of ROS, raised the mRNA expression of p53 and the Bax/Bcl2 ratio. Harmaline also increased the proportion of cells in the late apoptotic and necrotic phases. MMP‐2 and MMP‐9's mRNA expression, gelatinase activity, and migration of A2780 cells also decreased by harmaline. These findings suggest that harmaline may have the potential to be a therapeutic drug for ovarian cancer by triggering apoptosis and suppressing invasion and migration.
Analysis and control of surface cracks in a B-bearing continuous casting blooms
Authors: Mao Wenwen , Li Jie , Liu Yong , Yang Chengyu , Gao Yu , Xing Liyong , Liu Xianmin , Li Jie , Zhao Haitao 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this work, normal manufacture of a B-bearing steel was hampered by cracks in steel. In order to control these cracks, the formation mechanism has been examined through a comprehensive analysis of crack morphology, element segregation, high temperature mechanical properties, and precipitates. The high-temperature thermoplastic capabilities of the steel were found to be reduced by boron nitride particles precipitated at grain boundary. This led to the formation of a brittle zone in the straightening zone of the continuous casting process, which in turn caused cracks. Based on the formation mechanism of these cracks, the cracks were successfully controlled by adding an appropriate amount of Ti element to the steel and reducing the charging temperature of the heating furnace.
Phospholipid transfer protein ameliorates sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction through NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition
Authors: Wang Jian , Hou Jing , Peng Chaohua 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Cardiomyocyte pyroptosis is a primary contributor to sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction (SICD). Recombinant phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) have been demonstrated to possess anti-inflammatory and antiseptic properties. However, the effect of PLTP on SICD remains unknown. In this study, we established the in vivo and in vitro sepsis model with the recombinant PLTP treatment. The survival rates of mice, mouse cardiac function, cell viability, the protein level of proinflammatory cytokine, and lactate dehydrogenase level were evaluated. The cardiomyocyte pyroptotic changes were observed. The distribution of PLTP and NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3) in mouse myocardial tissue and expression of PLTP, apoptosis associated speck like protein containing a CARD (ASC), NLRP3, caspase-1, interleukin (IL)-1β, and Gasdermin D (GSDMD) were detected. PLTP ameliorated the cecal ligation and puncture-induced mouse survival rate decrease and cardiac dysfunction, inhibited the IL-1β, IL-18, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α release, and blocked the NLRP3 inflammasome/GSDMD signaling pathway in septic mice. In vitro, PLTP reversed the lipopolysaccharide-induced cardiomyocyte pyroptosis, expression of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome/GSDMD signal pathway. Moreover, PLTP could bind to NLRP3 and negatively regulate the activity of the NLRP3 inflammasome/GSDMD signal pathway. This study demonstrated that PLTP can ameliorate SICD by inhibiting inflammatory responses and cardiomyocyte pyroptosis by blocking the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome/GSDMD signaling pathway.
High SEC61A1 expression predicts poor outcome of acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Ji Guo , Yang Xiaofei , Li Jun 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The malfunction of SEC61A1 has been linked to several types of cancers, but its role in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains poorly understood. In this study, we used a series of bioinformatics analysis techniques, including gene expression profiling and proteomic analysis. Our findings were subsequently validated through a series of in vitro experiments, such as SEC61A1 knockdown in cell lines and RT-qPCR. We discovered a significant up-regulation of SEC61A1 in AML patients compared to healthy controls. AML patients with elevated SEC61A1 expression exhibited reduced overall survival compared to those with lower expression. Moreover, SEC61A1 expression emerged as an independent risk factor for predicting the survival of AML patients undergoing allo-HSCT. Our analysis also revealed an association between high SEC61A1 expression and increased signaling pathways related to cell growth. Our study underscores the importance of SEC61A1 expression as a novel prognostic indicator for predicting survival among AML patients, while also identifying it as a promising therapeutic target.
Fast-speed and low-power-consumption optical phased array based on lithium niobate waveguides
Authors: Wang Zhizhang , Li Xueyun , Ji Jitao , Sun Zhenxing , Sun Jiacheng , Fang Bin , Lu Jun , Li Shaobo , Ma Xiang , Chen Xiangfei , Zhu Shining , Li Tao 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Fast scanning speed and low-power consumption are becoming progressively more and more important in realizing high-performance chiplet optical phased arrays (OPAs). Here, we successfully demonstrated integrated OPAs with multiple waveguides channels based on thin-film lithium niobate-on-insulator (LNOI) platform. Specifically, two lithium niobate (LN) OPA chips have been implemented with 32 and 48 channels LN waveguides, respectively, enabled by electro-optic modulations, which showcases the low power consumption (1.11 nJ/π) and fast operation speed (14.4 ns), showing obvious advantage of the LNOI platform over others. As results, we experimentally achieved a beam steering with a 62.2° × 8.8° field of view (FOV) and a beam divergence of 2.4° × 1.2° for 32 channels, and a FOV of 40° × 8.8° and a beam divergence of 0.33° × 1.8° for 48 channels. This work also demonstrates the feasibility of LNOI platform in scalable OPA chips.
Crystal structure of chlorido-[4-(pyridin-2-yl)benzaldehyde-κ2
N,C]-(diethylamine-κ1
N)platinum(II), C16H18ClN2OPt
Authors: Xue Weixi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
C16H18ClN2OPt, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 7.2964(19) Å, b = 11.010(3) Å, c = 20.283(5) Å, β = 92.582(3)°, V = 1627.7(7) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0433, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1157, T = 296.15 K.
Speciation and mobility of uranium isotopes in the Shu River: impacts for river to sea transfer
Authors: Matveyeva Ilona V. , Burkitbayev Mukhambetkali М. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Fresh water outflows to sea are a source of marine contamination by radionuclides, most originating from nuclear industry operations. Usually, these lead to small amounts of radionuclides entering the sea, for example, because of the discharge of cooling water. However, under accident conditions large amounts of radionuclides may enter river systems. The extent of radionuclide transport along freshwater systems and their subsequent dispersal in the ocean depends upon their speciation. This manuscript examines the speciation of uranium, with particular reference to sulphate complexes, along the Shu River in Central Asia with a view to predict its transport along such rivers to receiving seas. The speciation of uranium isotopes in the Shu River (at the border of Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan) was determined. Calculations were based on the measured concentrations of Ca2+, Mg2+, Na++K+, HCO3
−, Cl−, SO4
2−, and of uranium isotopes. These calculations were determined by either titrimetric methods, gravimetric methods or, for uranium isotopes, by alpha-particle spectrometry. Almost all uranium was present as one of three soluble complexes, either [UO2OH]+, [UO2(CO3)2(H2O)2]2− or [UO2(CO3)3]4−. However, despite the significant concentration of sulphate-ions in the water, especially for the Lower Shu in Kazakhstan, the probability of uranium being present as of sulphate complexes in the analyzed water was very low. The presence of soluble ions is consistent with their mobility along freshwater systems and their transfer to the marine environment. No evidence of an effect from influxes of sulphate was identified.