bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distribution Study on Electroneutral and Protonated Amino Acids between Water and Nitrobenzene. Determination of the Standard Ion-Transfer Potentials of Protonated Amino Acids
Authors: Takeda Yasuyuki , Ezaki Tatsuya , Kudo Yoshihiro , Matsuda Hiroaki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
In order to determine the standard ion-transfer potentials () of protonated amino acids (HA+) from water to an organic solvent of moderate dielectric constant, new theoretical equations were derived. Various theoretical predictions were verified experimentally by the solvent extraction of d- and l-amino acids with perchloric and nitric acid from water to nitrobenzene at 25 °C. Furthermore, the distribution constants (KD,A) of the electroneutral d- and l-amino acids (A) between water and nitrobenzene were determined at 25 °C. The amino acids were Ala, Val, Ile, Leu, Met, Phe, Thr, Asn, and Gln. The KD,A values of the d- and l-form of the same amino acid are equal. The same is true for the values. The hydrophilicity of A decreases in the following order: Asn &gt; Thr &gt; Gln &gt; Ala &gt; Val &gt; Met &gt; Ile ≥ Leu &gt; Phe. The same order of decreasing hydrophilicity was also observed for HA+. All of the A and HA+ are much more soluble in water than in nitrobenzene. The A is more lipophilic than the corresponding HA+. Contributions of a methylene group to the distribution Gibbs-free energies of A were compared with those of HA+.
EXAFS Debye–Waller Factor and Ligand Exchange Reaction of Hydrated Metal Complexes
Authors: Miyanaga Takafumi , Sakane Hideto , Watanabe Iwao 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The EXAFS (Extended X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure) spectra of hydrated transition metal complexes were measured to investigate the relation between the Debye–Waller factor in EXAFS, σ2, and their ligand exchange reaction rate constant, k1, in aqueous solution. A good correlation between these two factors was obtained for various transition metal ions. The relation between σ2 and log k1 is studied theoretically using the Arrhenius theory. The introduction of an anharmonic Morse function as the interaction potential was found to lead to a simple expression connecting σ2 and log k1, which is in accordance with the experimental results. It is also found that k1 correlates not only with σ2 but also a third order cumulant in EXAFS, C3; the greater the k1 value, the greater the increase in C3 with temperature. The behavior of C3 implies that the anharmonicity in the potential of the metal–oxygen interaction must be taken into consideration for the study of the ligand exchange reaction.
Geochemical Behavior of Fluorine during the Formation of Pleistocene Limestones in Yoron-jima Island, Southwestern Japan
Authors: Aizawa Shoichi , Akaiwa Hideo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The distribution and the mode of occurrence of fluorine in Holocene (mainly high-Mg calcite), Pleistocene (low-Mg calcite), and Paleozoic (low-Mg calcite) limestones of Yoron-jima Island were investigated, and the geochemical behavior of F during the formation of Pleistocene limestones is discussed. The average F contents of Holocene (n = 3), Pleistocene (n = 20), and Paleozoic (n = 8) limestone samples are 680, 99, and 45 ppm, respectively, showing a marked decrease of this element during early diagenetic processes of marine carbonates. A positive correlation between the F and Mg contents of Pleistocene limestones indicates that F might have been removed together with Mg2+ from high-Mg calcite into interstitial waters during these processes. A main mode of occurrence of F (about 50%) in Pleistocene limestones is confirmed to be carbonate fluorapatite (francolite), and the rest is thought to be fluorite.
Kinetic Studies on the Role of Dioxygen in the Copper-Catalyzed Autoxidation of Cysteine
Authors: Hanaki Akira 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Kinetic studies on a role of dioxygen in the copper-catalyzed autoxidation of cysteine in glycylglycine-phosphate buffers have been carried out. The rate of autoxidation was obtained by measuring the consumption of cysteine. It has been revealed that cysteine is oxidized by a “sequential mechanism”. The reaction pathway can be shown by Eqs. 1, 2, 3, and 4; cysteine is oxidized not only by copper(II) species, but also by copper(I)–O2 adducts:

Here, L represents ligands including cysteine. The oxidation step (4) catalyzed by the Cu(I)–O2 species was proposed to be rate-determining.
Kinetics of Oxygen-Atom Transfer Reactions of α-[PMo12O40]3− and of A-β-[PMo3W9O40]3− Anion Salts with PPh3 in Non-Aqueous Solution
Authors: Kawafune Isao , Matsubayashi Gen-etsu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The kinetics of the oxygen-atom transfer reactions of α-[NBun4]3[PMo12O40] (abbreviated PMo12) and of A-β-[NBun4]3[PMo3W9O40] (abbreviated PMo3W9) with PPh3 were investigated in acetonitrile at 23—82 °C. Each reaction is first order in both the heteropolyanion salt and PPh3. The second-order rate constants at 23 °C are k2 = 6.53 × 10−4 and 4.58 × 10−5 (dm3 mol−1 s−1) for the reduction of PMo12 and PMo3W9, respectively. The difference in the k2 values is attributed to the number of active sites for oxygen transfer; PMo3W9 has only three corner-sharing oxygen atoms in the Mo(VI)–O–Mo (VI) bonds, whereas there are twelve corner-sharing and twelve edge-sharing oxygen atoms in PMo12. The activation parameters are, however, almost identical for both reactions: ΔH‡ = 43.6 and 43.4 (kJ mol−1) and ΔS‡ = −158 and −181 (J K−1 mol−1) for the reduction of PMo12 and PMo3W9, respectively. These results suggest a similar transition state in the oxygen-atom transfer reactions via the Mo–O–Mo sites of PMo12 and PMo3W9.
Complexation Reactions of Aluminum Ions with Polyamino Polycarboxylic Macrocycles in an Aqueous Solution
Authors: Kodama Mutsuo , Kimura Eiichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The complex formation reactions of aluminum ions with polyamino polycarboxylic macrocycles (DOTA, TETA, PEPA, and HEHA) in an aqueous solution were investigated using a potentiometric method. At a pH higher than 5.00 the tetradecamer, [Al14(OH)34]8+, was found to be the most consistent uncomplexed Al(III) species based on our experimental data. Under the experimental conditions employed, aluminum ions form solely 1 : 1 ratio complexes with all of the ligands studied. Polyaza rings of the ligands may act simply as a frame to constrain the carboxylate groups into a nearly spherical arrangement; DOTA, TETA, PEPA, and HEHA act as tetra-, penta-, and hexa-dentate ligands, respectively, wrapping themselves around the aluminum(III) ion.
Photochemistry of Cobalt(III) Complexes. I. Optically Active Cobalt(III) Complexes Containing Co–C Bond Prepared by Photodecarboxylation of Amino Carboxylato Complexes
Authors: Kawaguchi Hiroshi , Yoshida Miyuki , Yonemura Toshiaki , Ama Tomoharu , Okamoto Ken-ichi , Yasui Takaji 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Some cobalt(III) complexes with Co–C σ-bond have been prepared by photodecarboxylation reactions of the complexes containing ethylenediamine-N,N′-dipropionate (eddp) or its analogs. The crystal structure of α-[Co(Me2eedmp-C,N,N′,O)(en)]+ (Me2eedmp: −CH2CH2N(CH3)(CH2)2N(CH3)(CH2)2COO−), which is the photolysis product of α-[Co(Me2eddp)(en)]+ (Me2eddp: {CH2N(CH3)(CH2)2COO−}2), was determined by the X-ray diffraction method. The crystal is monoclinic, space group P21/n, a = 9.013(2), b = 13.420(1), c = 14.754(4) Å, β = 92.75(1)°, V = 1782.5(6) Å3, Z = 4, and R = 0.038. The coordination of C atom to Co center results in elongation of the Co–O bond located in the trans position of the C atom, compared with usual Co–O bonds. The photolysis products of optically active isomers (Λ-α, Λ-β(1), and Λ-β(2)) of [Co(eddp)(en)]+ were studied on the basis of the absorption, CD, and 13C NMR spectral data. The photolysis of Λ-β(1) provided Δ-α-[Co(eedmp-C,N,N′,O)(en)]+ (eedmp; −CH2CH2NH(CH2)2NH(CH2)2COO−), while the photolysis of Λ-β(2), which is a conformational diastereomer of Λ-β(1), provided (−)CD543-β-[Co(eedmp-C,N,N′,O)(en)]+ (major product) and Λ-α-[Co(eedmp-C,N,N′,O)(en)]+. Optically active (+)CD553-β-[Co(etnmp-C,N,N′,O)(en)]+ (etnmp: −CH2CH2NH(CH2)3NH(CH2)2COO−) was obtained by the photolysis of Δ-(−)CD505-β-[Co(tndp)(en)]+ (tndp: CH2{CH2NH(CH2)2COO−}2).
Incorporation of MnIII and FeII Complexes into TCNQ Networks: Preparations, Crystal Structures, and Magnetic Properties of [MnIII(salen)(TCNQ)0.5][MnIII(salen)(TCNQ)0.5(CH3OH)]CH3OH·H2O and [FeII(CH3OH)4(TCNQ)2]TCNQ·2CH3CN
Authors: Oshio Hiroki , Ino Etsuo , Ito Tasuku , Maeda Yonezo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Metal complexes with TCNQ as ligands, [MnIII(salen)(TCNQ)0.5][MnIII(salen)(TCNQ)0.5(CH3OH)]CH3OH·H2O (1) and [FeII(CH3OH)4(TCNQ)2]TCNQ·2CH3CN (2) (where TCNQ and H2salen represent tetracyanoquinodimethane and quadridentate schiff base N,N′-disalicylideneethylenediamine, respectively) were prepared, and crystal structures and magnetic properties were studied. Complex 1 crystallizes in the triclinic space group with cell constants a = 12.000(6), b = 19.986(7), c = 9.494(6) Å, α = 100.67(5), β = 100.01(5), γ = 81.50(4)°, V = 2188(2) Å3, and Z = 2. In 1, two distinct six-coordinate [MnIII(salen)]+ chromophores are bridged by two kinds of TCNQ2− anions (A and B) in μ2 and μ4 fashions to form a one-dimensional structure. Complex 2 crystallizes in the triclinic space group with cell constants a = 10.523(1), b = 14.008(2), c = 8.062(1) Å, α = 94.96(1), β = 111.11(1), γ = 79.96(1)°, V = 1091.3(3) Å3, and Z = 1. In 2, mono-anionic and neutral TCNQ molecules (C and D, respectively) stacks to form columns (···DCCD···), which are linked by the coordination of the nitrile group to [FeII(CH3OH)4]2+. Temperature dependent magnetic susceptibility measurements revealed that magnetic interactions between metal centers in 1 and 2 are very small.
Intra- and Intermolecular Allene–Alkyne Coupling Reactions by the Use of Fe(CO)4(NMe3)
Authors: Shibata Takanori , Koga Yuji , Narasaka Koichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Intramolecular allene–alkyne coupling reactions proceed in the presence of Fe(CO)4(NMe3) under photoirradiation conditions to provide various bicyclic dienones through η3-allyl iron complexes. Various 4-methylene-2-cyclopenten-1-ones could be prepared by intermolecular allene–alkyne coupling reaction under the same reaction conditions.
Synthesis of Long Chain Malachite Green Leuco Base (LMGH) and Its Spectroscopic Study in Organic Solvents and Ionic Micellar Solutions
Authors: El-Shishtawy Reda M , Fukunishi Koushi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The synthesis of long chain malachite green leuco base (LMGH) is reported. The absorption spectra of LMGH in different solvents seem to be independent of the solvent polarity (dielectric constant), while the emission spectra are dependent on it. Slight fluorescence self-quenching of LMGH in methanolic solution appears at a concentration of ca. 4 × 10−5 mol dm−3 and it becomes the dominant factor above 2 × 10−4 mol dm−3. The effect of the long chain on the basicity of LMGH relative to that of malachite green leuco base (MGH) can be revealed by the fluorescence quenching of both compounds by Fe3+. The quenching process obeys a static type of mechanism, which is followed by an electron transfer of LMGH to Fe3+. The fluorescence quenching efficiency of micellized LMGH by Fe3+ is very dependent on the charge of the micelle, and is most effective in sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) micelle. The color appearance of the dye from LMGH upon mixing with Fe3+, is easily observed in methanol, but not in SDS micelle. The critical micelle concentrations (cmc) of anionic (SDS) and cationic (hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride, CTAC) micelles have been estimated using LMGH as a probe.
Methano- and Propanofullerenes by [1 + 2] and [3 + 2] Cycloadditions of Vinylcarbene Species
Authors: Tokuyama Hidetoshi , Isobe Hiroyuki , Nakamura Eiichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Vinylcarbene species generated by thermolysis of cyclopropenone acetal (CPA) reacts with C60 in a [1 + 2] and a [3 + 2] manner to afford, at 80 °C, methano- and propanofullerene derivatives as a 10 : 1 mixture. The periselectivity depends on the reaction temperature; the ratio of the [1 + 2] and [3 + 2] cycloadducts changed to 2 : 1 and to 7 : 93 in the reaction at 100 and 140 °C, respectively. Temperature dependence was also observed in the reaction of phenyl-substituted CPA. The reactions of ethyl- and trimethylsilyl-substituted CPAs, which proceeded only at 150—170 °C, afforded propanofullerenes as a sole product. The reaction of the substituted CPAs proceeded exclusively via a terminally substituted vinylcarbene species.
Synthesis of α-Aminophosphonic Octapeptide, Phe–Gly–Ser–Leu–AlaP–Phl–Leu–Pro, an Analog with Partial Sequence of erb B-2 Gene Product
Authors: Inami Kaoru , Teshima Tadashi , Miyashita Hideaki , Shiba Tetsuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A chemical synthesis was performed of an octapeptide with a phosphonic ester linkage, which corresponds to a variation of the partial sequence of a gene product of erb B-2. The phosphonic ester linkage was successfully prepared through a coupling reaction of magnesium salt of the hydroxypeptide with phosphonochloridate, without damage of the peptide bond. The free aminophosphonic peptide as the final product gave a single peak on the ODS column, and a reasonable ratio of the component amino acids. The reaction series exploited here might be useful as a general procedure for preparation of the phosphonic peptide.
Synthetic Studies on Oligomycins. Synthesis of the Oligomycin B Spiroketal and Polypropionate Portions
Authors: Nakata Masaya , Ishiyama Takashi , Akamatsu Shinichi , Hirose Youichi , Maruoka Hiroshi , Suzuki Rika , Tatsuta Kuniaki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The oligomycin B spiroketal portion, [2S,2(2R),3S,6R,8S,8(3R),9S,10R,11S]-2-[2-(t-butyldiphenylsilyloxy)propyl]-8-[3-(hydroxymethyl)pentyl]-3,9,11-trimethyl-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane-5,10-diol (2), and polypropionate portion, ethyl (2E,4S,5R,6R,7S,8S,9R,10S,12R,13S,14R,16E)-5-(t-butyldimethylsilyloxy)7,9-(isopropylidenedioxy)-12,13-(4-methoxybenzylidenedioxy)-4,6,8,10,12,14-hexamethyl-11-oxo-18-phenylsulfonyloctadeca-2,16-dienoate (3), have been synthesized. The C19-C21 Wittig salt, [(2S,3R)-2-ethyl-3,4-(isopropylidenedioxy)butyl]triphenylphosphonium iodide (6), prepared from 2-butene-1,4-diol via Sharpless epoxidation, was coupled with the C22-C27 aldehyde, benzyl 2,4-dideoxy-3-O-(4-methoxybenzyl)-2,4-di-C-methyl-α,β-l-galacto-hexodialdopyranoside-(1,5) (7), prepared from (Z)-2-butene-1,4-diol via Sharpless epoxidation and the Brown’s crotylboration. The resulting coupling product was transformed to the C19-C27 lactone, [3S,4R,5R,6S,6(3R,4R)]-6-[3-ethyl-4,5-(isopropylidenedioxy)pentyl]-4-(4-methoxybenzyloxy)-3,5-dimethyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-one (4). The C28-C34 organostannane compound, (2R,4S,5S,7RS)-2-(t-butyldiphenylsilyloxy)-5-methyl-7-(tributylstannyl)-4-(triethylsilyloxy)-7-[(2-trimethylsilylethoxy)methoxy]heptane (5b), was prepared from (R)-methyl 3-hydroxybutyrate via the Brown’s crotylboration and the Still’s stannylation. After lithiation of 5b with butyllithium, the resulting α-alkoxy organolithium compound was coupled with 4 and the product was converted to the C19-C34 spiroketal, [2S,2(2R),3S,6R,8S,8(3R,4R),9S,10R,11S]-2-[2-(t-butyldiphenylsilyloxy)propyl]-8-[3-ethyl-4,5-(isopropylidenedioxy)pentyl]-10-(4-methoxybenzyloxy)-3,9,11-trimethyl-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecan-5-ol (37). The synthetic 2, derived from 37, was identical to the oligomycins (A, B, C mixture) degradation product in all respects, which elucidates the absolute stereochemistry of oligomycin B (1b). The C3-C9 aldehyde, (2-trimethylsilylethoxy)methyl 2,4,6-trideoxy-3-O-(4-methoxybenzyl)-2,4,6-tri-C-methyl-d-glycero-α-l-ido-heptodialdopyranoside-(1,5) (9), was prepared from (2S)-3-(t-butyldimethylsilyloxy)-2-methylpropanal via Keck’s crotylstannane addition and Brown’s crotylboration. The aldol coupling between the zinc enolate of the C10-C16 ketone, t-butyldimethylsilyl 2,3,7,8-tetradeoxy-4-O-(4-methoxybenzyl)-3,5-di-C-methyl-α-l-xylo-octopyranosid-6-ulose (10), prepared from methyl (R)-(+)-lactate via Brown’s crotylboration and a metallated methoxyallene addition, and aldehyde 9 gave the C8-C9 syn, C9-C10 syn product, which was transformed to the oligomycin B polypropionate portion 3 through elongation of the C1-C2 and C17-C18 carbon units.
The Electron-Transfer Effect of Coenzymes NAD(P)+/NAD(P)H in Conjugated Transmembrane Oxidoreductase Reactions
Authors: Nakamura Yoshiharu , Tanaka Akio , Okubayashi Satoko , Tera Hidemi , Hori Teruo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Conjugated oxidoreductase reactions across membranes prepared from PVA or polyurethane containing amino components were driven between systems of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)/glucose 6-phosphate (G6P)/NADP+ and glutathione reductase (GR)/glutathione oxidized form (GSSG)/NADPH. In order to obtain the optimum reaction system, membranes were prepared, while considering the membrane composition, membrane thickness, and membrane density. The kinetics and the mechanism of the conjugated transmembrane reaction systems have been discussed.
Consequently, it has been found that the coenzyme molecules adsorbed in the membrane can act as electron carriers, and that the used hydrogel membrane should be as dense as possible and positively charged.
Heterogeneous Liquid-Phase Oxidation of Alcohols with Solid Oxidizing Reagents of Vanadium(V) Oxide and Chromium(VI) Oxide Supported on Zirconium(IV) Oxide
Authors: Nakamura Hideo , Matsuhashi Hiromi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The oxidizing reagents in a heterogeneous system were obtained by impregnating Zr(OH)4 with NH4VO3 and (NH4)2CrO4 followed by calcination in air at 773 K. These materials (V2O5/ZrO2 and CrO3/ZrO2) converted alcohols into their corresponding aldehydes or ketones at moderate temperatures in a solvent with very high selectivity. Changes in the oxidation states of vanadium and chromium were investigated by a temperature-programmed reduction method (TPR). A linear relation was found between the yield of cyclohexanone formed from cyclohexanol and the amount of reduced vanadium or chromium, determined by TPR. It was confirmed that the active species of V(V) and Cr(VI) were reduced to V(II) and Cr(IV), respectively, in the oxidation process.
Adiabatic Electron Affinities of Oligophenyls: Anion Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Density Functional Theory Study
Authors: Nakamura Tsuneyuki , Ando Naoto , Matsumoto Yukino , Furuse Shunsuke , Mitsui Masaaki , Nakajima Atsushi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Adiabatic electron affinities (EAa’s) of seven oligophenyls: biphenyl (BP), 4-cyanobiphenyl (CNBP), o-terphenyl (o-TP), m-terphenyl (m-TP), p-terphenyl (p-TP), p-quaterphenyl (p-QP), and 1,3,5-triphenylbenzene (TPB), have been evaluated by anion photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations. The result provides the direct determination of the EAa values of the isolated CNBP, p-TP, p-QP, and TPB molecules, while EAa of BP, o-TP, and m-TP were estimated from the extrapolation of EAa vs cluster size. The excellent agreement between the experimental and calculated EAa were obtained.
Amplification of Twisting Power in Chiral Mesophase by Introducing Achiral Rod-like Compound with Ester Group
Authors: Choi Suk-Won , Fukuda Kaoru , Nakahara Shoichiro , Kishikawa Keiki , Takanishi Yoichi , Ishikawa Ken , Watanabe Junji , Takezoe Hideo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The helical pitch of a chiral nematic (cholesteric: Ch) liquid crystal (LC) became shorter if an achiral compound 1 was added to a chiral host. This unusual behavior characteristic to ester compounds can be explained by the ability of the ester compound 1 to form non-planar conformations.
Direct Observation of Cation Radicals of a Diarylethene during Oxidative Ring-opening Reaction
Authors: Matsuda Kenji , Yokojima Satoshi , Moriyama Yoshihisa , Nakamura Shinichiro , Irie Masahiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The ESR spectrum of a diarylethene was measured during electrochemical oxidative ring-opening reaction of the closed-ring isomer. The spectrum was simulated by UB3LYP/cc-pVTZ method to reveal that the spectrum contains the cation radicals of both the open- and closed-ring isomers. By comparing the calculated spectrum with the experimental one, the ratio between the cation radical of the open- and the closed-ring isomers was determined to be 4:1.
Preparation of Crystalline TiO2 Thin Film Photocatalysts on Polycarbonate Substrates by a RF-magnetron Sputtering Deposition Method
Authors: Takeuchi Masato , Yamasaki Takashi , Tsujimaru Koichiro , Anpo Masakazu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Crystalline TiO2 thin films were successfully prepared on thermally unstable polycarbonate substrates without any inorganic or organic binders at low temperature (ca. 353 K) by a RF-magnetron sputtering deposition method. The anatase structure of TiO2 could be confirmed by XRD measurements. These thin films showed high transparency and mechanical stability and were not susceptible to peeling by scratching or bending. These TiO2 thin films prepared on polycarbonate substrates also exhibited photoinduced superhydrophilicity under UV light irradiation.
Introduction of Si–H Bond onto the Surface of Mesoporous Molecular Sieves and Functionalization by Hydrosilylation Reaction
Authors: Kugita Tsuyoshi , Higuchi Hiroyuki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The Si–H bond was introduced onto the surface of MCM-41 by reduction of the butoxylated MCM-41. The hexyl and phenylalkyl-functionalized MCM-41s were obtained by reaction of the Si–H introduced MCM-41 with 1-hexene or styrene.
Multiphoton-sensitized Polymerization of Pyrrole
Authors: Yamada Katsumi , Kimura Yu , Suzuki Syoichi , Sone Junji , Chen Jun , Urabe Shigeharu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
An aqueous solution, acting as a photoinduced electron-transfer system, was prepared using tris(2,2′-bipyridyl)ruthenium complex, methylviologen, and pyrrole to demonstrate the multiphoton-sensitized polymerization of pyrrole. A conductive polypyrrole (2.7 × 10−2 S cm−1 in free standing state) was obtained on a glass substrate by illumination at 800 nm using a femtosecond pulses laser. The excitation of the ruthenium complex was entailed by two-photon absorption because the ruthenium complex did not have any absorption around 800 nm.
Molecular Conductor Based on Reduced π-System Donor: Insulating State of (MeDH-TTP)2AsF6
Authors: Nishikawa Hiroyuki , Sekiya Hiromichi , Fujiwara Akira , Kodama Takeshi , Ikemoto Isao , Kikuchi Koichi , Yamada Jun-ichi , Oshio Hiroki , Kobayashi Kensuke , Yasuzuka Syuma , Murata Keizo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The transport properties of (MeDH-TTP)2AsF6, which crystallized in the κ-type structure, were investigated and found to be semiconductive with a small activation energy. ESR measurements suggested that the insulating state below 40 K should be antiferromagnetic, similarly to the Mott transition system represented by quasi-two-dimensional κ-ET [ET = bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene] salts.
Diastereo- and Enantioselective Tandem Michael Addition and Lactonization Catalyzed by Chiral Quaternary Ammonium Phenoxide: Stereoselective Synthesis of the Two Enantiomers by Using a Single Chiral Source
Authors: Mukaiyama Teruaki , Nagao Hitoshi , Yamane Yoshinobu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Diastereo- and enantio-selective synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyran-2-ones from various silyl enolates and α,β-unsaturated ketones were successfully carried out by using cinchonidine-derived quaternary ammonium phenoxide. In this reaction, a synthesis of the two enantiomers was achieved by an appropriate choice of a substituent on the bridgehead nitrogen of cinchonidine.