bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation between Circadian Gene Variants and Serum Levels of Sex Steroids and Insulin-like Growth Factor-I
Authors: Chu Lisa W. , Zhu Yong , Yu Kai , Zheng Tongzhang , Chokkalingam Anand P. , Stanczyk Frank Z. , Gao Yu-Tang , Hsing Ann W. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractA variety of biological processes, including steroid hormone secretion, have circadian rhythms, which are influenced by nine known circadian genes. Previously, we reported that certain variants in circadian genes were associated with risk for prostate cancer. To provide some biological insight into these findings, we examined the relationship of five variants of circadian genes, including NPAS2 (rs2305160:G&gt;A), PER1 (rs2585405:G&gt;C), CSNK1E (rs1005473:A&gt;C), PER3 (54-bp repeat length variant), and CRY2 (rs1401417:G&gt;C), with serum levels of sex steroids and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and IGF-binding protein 3 (IGFBP3) in 241 healthy elderly Chinese men (mean age of 71.5). Age-adjusted and waist-to-hip ratio–adjusted ANOVA followed by likelihood ratio tests (LRT) showed that the NPAS2 variant A allele was associated with lower free and bioavailable testosterone (PLRT = 0.02 and 0.01, respectively) compared with the GG genotype. In addition, the PER1 variant was associated with higher serum levels of sex hormone-binding globulin levels (Ptrend = 0.03), decreasing 5α-androstane-3α, 17β-diol glucuronide levels (Ptrend = 0.02), and decreasing IGFBP3 levels (Ptrend = 0.05). Furthermore, the CSNK1E variant C allele was associated with higher testosterone to dihydrotestosterone ratios (PLRT = 0.01) compared with the AA genotype, whereas the longer PER3 repeat was associated with higher serum levels of IGF-I (PLRT = 0.03) and IGF-I to IGFBP3 ratios (PLRT = 0.04). The CRY2 polymorphism was not associated with any biomarkers analyzed. Our findings, although in need of confirmation, suggest that variations in circadian genes are associated with serum hormone levels, providing biological support for the role of circadian genes in hormone-related cancers. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2008;17(11):3268–73)
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2-Ethyldeoxyguanosine as a Potential Biomarker for Assessing Effects of Alcohol Consumption on DNA
Authors: Balbo Silvia , Hashibe Mia , Gundy Sarolta , Brennan Paul , Canova Cristina , Simonato Lorenzo , Merletti Franco , Richiardi Lorenzo , Agudo Antonio , Castellsagué Xavier , Znaor Ariana , Talamini Renato , Bencko Vladimir , Holcátová Ivana , Wang Mingyao , Hecht Stephen S. , Boffetta Paolo 
Published: November 2008

Abstract
Head and neck cancers are causally related to alcohol consumption, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Ethanol is metabolized to acetaldehyde, an experimental carcinogen. Quantitation of the major DNA adduct of acetaldehyde, N2-ethylidenedeoxyguanosine, in human tissues could help to elucidate the mechanism of alcohol carcinogenicity. We applied a quantitative method for the analysis of this adduct, measured as the NaBH3CN reduction product N2-ethyldeoxyguanosine (N2-ethyl-dGuo) by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry-selected reaction monitoring, on DNA (0.04 ± 0.03 mg) isolated from blood collected from control subjects recruited from two studies conducted in different areas of Europe between 1999 and 2005. The group selected from the first study (n = 127) included alcohol drinkers and abstainers while the group from the second study (n = 50) included only heavy drinkers. N2-ethyl-dGuo was detected in all DNA samples. After adjusting for potential confounders, in the first study, drinkers showed a higher level of N2-ethyl-dGuo (5,270 ± 8,770 fmol/μmol dGuo) compared with nondrinkers (2,690 ± 3040 fmol/μmol dGuo; P = 0.04). A significant trend according to dose was observed in both studies (P = 0.02 and 0.04, respectively). Taking into account the amount of alcohol consumption, adduct levels were higher in younger compared with older subjects (P = 0.01), whereas no differences were observed comparing men with women. These results show the feasibility of quantifying N2-ethyl-dGuo in small-volume blood samples and are consistent with the hypothesis that ethanol contributes to carcinogenesis through DNA adducts formation. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2008;17(11):3026–32)
An Automated Approach for Estimation of Breast Density
Authors: Heine John J. , Carston Michael J. , Scott Christopher G. , Brandt Kathleen R. , Wu Fang-Fang , Pankratz Vernon Shane , Sellers Thomas A. , Vachon Celine M. 
Published: November 2008

Abstract
Breast density is a strong risk factor for breast cancer; however, no standard assessment method exists. An automated breast density method was modified and compared with a semi-automated, user-assisted thresholding method (Cumulus method) and the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System four-category tissue composition measure for their ability to predict future breast cancer risk. The three estimation methods were evaluated in a matched breast cancer case-control (n = 372 and n = 713, respectively) study at the Mayo Clinic using digitized film mammograms. Mammograms from the craniocaudal view of the noncancerous breast were acquired on average 7 years before diagnosis. Two controls with no previous history of breast cancer from the screening practice were matched to each case on age, number of previous screening mammograms, final screening exam date, menopausal status at this date, interval between earliest and latest available mammograms, and residence. Both Pearson linear correlation (R) and Spearman rank correlation (r) coefficients were used for comparing the three methods as appropriate. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate the risk for breast cancer (odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals) associated with the quartiles of percent breast density (automated breast density method, Cumulus method) or Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System categories. The area under the receiver operator characteristic curve was estimated and used to compare the discriminatory capabilities of each approach. The continuous measures (automated breast density method and Cumulus method) were highly correlated with each other (R = 0.70) but less with Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (r = 0.49 for automated breast density method and r = 0.57 for Cumulus method). Risk estimates associated with the lowest to highest quartiles of automated breast density method were greater in magnitude [odds ratios: 1.0 (reference), 2.3, 3.0, 5.2; P trend &lt; 0.001] than the corresponding quartiles for the Cumulus method [odds ratios: 1.0 (reference), 1.7, 2.1, and 3.8; P trend &lt; 0.001] and Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System [odds ratios: 1.0 (reference), 1.6, 1.5, 2.6; P trend &lt; 0.001] method. However, all methods similarly discriminated between case and control status; areas under the receiver operator characteristic curve were 0.64, 0.63, and 0.61 for automated breast density method, Cumulus method, and Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System, respectively. The automated breast density method is a viable option for quantitatively assessing breast density from digitized film mammograms. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2008;17(11):3090–7)
Association between Alcohol Intake and Serum Sex Hormones and Peptides Differs by Tamoxifen Use in Breast Cancer Survivors
Authors: Wayne Sharon , Neuhouser Marian L. , Ulrich Cornelia M. , Koprowski Carol , Wiggins Charles , Baumgartner Kathy B. , Bernstein Leslie , Baumgartner Richard N. , Gilliland Frank , McTiernan Anne , Ballard-Barbash Rachel 
Published: November 2008

AbstractObjective: To measure the association between alcohol intake and 11 hormones and peptides in postmenopausal breast cancer survivors and to evaluate whether this association differs by tamoxifen use.Methods: Self-reported alcohol intake was assessed via food frequency questionnaire on average 30 months post-breast cancer diagnosis in 490 postmenopausal women from three western states. Concurrently, a fasting blood sample was obtained for assay of estrone, estradiol, free estradiol, testosterone, free testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), leptin, C-peptide, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), and IGF-binding protein-3. Adjusted means of these hormones and peptides were calculated for categories of alcohol intake, overall and stratified by tamoxifen use.Results: The association between alcohol intake and serum hormone and peptide levels differed by tamoxifen use. We found statistically significant inverse associations between alcohol intake and both leptin and SHBG values but only among tamoxifen users. In women not using tamoxifen, we found a positive association between alcohol intake and DHEAS but no association in tamoxifen users.Conclusion: Tamoxifen may modify the association between alcohol intake and serum hormones and peptides. The significant associations found for DHEAS and SHBG are in a direction considered unfavorable for breast cancer prognosis. Postmenopausal breast cancer survivors may benefit from decreasing their alcohol intake. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2008;17(11):3224–32)
Enterolactone Is Differently Associated with Estrogen Receptor β–Negative and –Positive Breast Cancer in a Swedish Nested Case-Control Study
Authors: Sonestedt Emily , Borgquist Signe , Ericson Ulrika , Gullberg Bo , Olsson Håkan , Adlercreutz Herman , Landberg Göran , Wirfält Elisabet 
Published: November 2008

AbstractBackground: Differences in the estrogen receptor (ER) status of tumors may explain ambiguities in epidemiologic studies between the blood concentrations of enterolactone and breast cancer. To our knowledge, the association between enterolactone and ERβ-defined breast cancer has previously not been examined.Methods: A nested case-control study within the Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort used 366 cases and 733 matched controls to identify the major determinants of plasma enterolactone and to examine the association between enterolactone concentration and breast cancer risk and if this association differs depending on the ERα and ERβ status of tumors. A modified diet history method assessed dietary habits. Time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay determined enterolactone concentrations and immunohistochemistry using tissue microarray determined ER status.Results: Dietary fiber, as well as fruits and berries, and high-fiber bread showed statistically significant correlations with enterolactone (r, 0.13-0.22). Smoking and obesity were associated with lower enterolactone concentrations. Enterolactone concentrations above the median (16 nmol/L) were associated with reduced breast cancer risk when compared with those below [odds ratio, 0.75; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.58-0.98]. The reduced risk was only observed for ERα [positive (+); odds ratio, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.55-0.97] and ERβ [negative (−)] tumors (odds ratio, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.42-0.84), with significantly different risks for ERβ (−) and ERβ (+) tumors (P for heterogeneity = 0.04).Conclusions: This study supports the suggestion that enterolactone is a biomarker of a healthy lifestyle. The protective association between enterolactone and breast cancer was significantly different between ERβ (−) and ERβ (+) tumors and most evident in tumors that express ERα but not ERβ. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2008;17(11):3241–51)
Hematopoietic Malignancies Associated with Viral and Alcoholic Hepatitis
Authors: Anderson Lesley A. , Pfeiffer Ruth , Warren Joan L. , Landgren Ola , Gadalla Shahinaz , Berndt Sonja I. , Ricker Winnie , Parsons Ruth , Wheeler William , Engels Eric A. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractHepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) have been associated with hematopoietic malignancies, but data for many subtypes are limited. From the U.S. Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-Medicare database, we selected 61,464 cases (≥67 years) with hematopoietic malignancies and 122,531 population-based controls, frequency-matched by gender, age, and year (1993-2002). Logistic regression was used to compare the prevalence of HCV, HBV, and alcoholic hepatitis in cases and controls, adjusted for matching factors, race, duration of Medicare coverage, and number of physician claims. HCV, HBV, and alcoholic hepatitis were reported in 195 (0.3%), 111 (0.2%), and 404 (0.7%) cases and 264 (0.2%), 242 (0.2%), and 798 (0.7%) controls, respectively. HCV was associated with increased risk of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma [odds ratio (OR) 1.52, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.05-2.18], Burkitt lymphoma (OR 5.21, 95% CI 1.62-16.8), follicular lymphoma (OR 1.88, 95% CI 1.17-3.02), marginal zone lymphoma (OR 2.20, 95% CI 1.22-3.95), and acute myeloid leukemia (OR 1.54, 95% CI 1.00-2.37). In contrast, HBV was unrelated to any hematopoietic malignancies. Alcoholic hepatitis was associated with decreased risk of non–Hodgkin lymphoma overall, but increased risk of Burkitt lymphoma. In summary, HCV, but not other causes of hepatitis, was associated with the elevated risk of non–Hodgkin lymphoma and acute myeloid leukemia. HCV may induce lymphoproliferative malignancies through chronic immune stimulation. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2008;17(11):3069–75)
Migraine in Postmenopausal Women and the Risk of Invasive Breast Cancer
Authors: Mathes Robert W. , Malone Kathleen E. , Daling Janet R. , Davis Scott , Lucas Sylvia M. , Porter Peggy L. , Li Christopher I. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractBackground: The frequency of migraine headache changes at various times of a woman's reproductive cycle. Menarche, menses, pregnancy, and perimenopause may carry a different migraine risk conceivably because of fluctuating estrogen levels, and in general, migraine frequency is associated with falling estrogen levels. Given the strong relationship between endogenous estrogen levels and breast cancer risk, migraine sufferers may experience a reduced risk of breast cancer.Methods: We combined data from two population-based case-control studies to examine the relationship between migraine and risk of postmenopausal invasive breast cancer among 1,199 ductal carcinoma cases, 739 lobular carcinoma cases, and 1,474 controls 55 to 79 years of age. Polytomous logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).Results: Women who reported a clinical diagnosis of migraine had reduced risks of ductal carcinoma (OR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.54-0.82) and lobular carcinoma (OR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.52-0.90). These associations were primarily limited to hormone receptor–positive tumors as migraine was associated with a 0.65-fold (95% CI, 0.51-0.83) reduced risk of estrogen receptor–positive (ER+)/progesterone receptor–positive (PR+) ductal carcinoma. The reductions in risk observed were seen among migraine sufferers who did and did not use prescription medications for their migraines.Conclusions: These data suggest that a history of migraine is associated with a decreased risk of breast cancer, particularly among ER+/PR+ ductal and lobular carcinomas. Because this is the first study to address an association between migraine history and breast cancer risk, additional studies are needed to confirm this finding. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2008;17(11):3116–22)
Childbearing Recency and Modifiers of Premenopausal Breast Cancer Risk
Authors: Peterson Neeraja B. , Huang Yifan , Newcomb Polly A. , Titus-Ernstoff Linda , Trentham-Dietz Amy , Anic Gabriella , Egan Kathleen M. 
Published: November 2008

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the risk of premenopausal breast cancer for women in relation to childbearing recency and whether this association differs by breast-feeding history and/or the amount of weight gained during pregnancy. This analysis was based on data from a population-based case-control study composed of 1,706 incident cases of invasive breast cancer and 1,756 population controls from Wisconsin, New Hampshire, and Massachusetts. In a telephone interview conducted from 1996 to 2001, information was gathered on established breast cancer risk factors, as well as reproductive history, including amount of weight gained during the last full-term pregnancy and whether the child was breast-fed. Unconditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios and Wald 95% confidence intervals for the risk of breast cancer. When compared with nulliparous women, women that had given birth within the past 5 years before breast cancer diagnosis in the cases or a comparable period in controls had a nonsignificant 35% increased risk of invasive breast cancer (odds ratio, 1.35; 95% confidence interval, 0.90-2.04), adjusting for age and known breast cancer risk factors (Ptrend = 0.14). We did not find a significant interaction with breast-feeding (Pinteraction = 0.30) or pregnancy weight gain (Pinteraction = 0.09). (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2008;17(11):3284–7)
Body Size and Risk of Prostate Cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition
Authors: Pischon Tobias , Boeing Heiner , Weikert Steffen , Allen Naomi , Key Tim , Johnsen Nina Føns , Tjønneland Anne , Severinsen Marianne Tang , Overvad Kim , Rohrmann Sabine , Kaaks Rudolf , Trichopoulou Antonia , Zoi Gitaki , Trichopoulos Dimitrios , Pala Valeria , Palli Domenico , Tumino Rosario , Sacerdote Carlotta , Bueno-de-Mesquita H. Bas , May Anne , Manjer Jonas , Wallström Peter , Stattin Pär , Hallmans Göran , Buckland Genevieve , Larrañaga Nerea , Chirlaque María Dolores , Martínez Carmen , Redondo Cornejo María L. , Ardanaz Eva , Bingham Sheila , Khaw Kay-Tee , Rinaldi Sabina , Slimani Nadia , Jenab Mazda , Riboli Elio 
Published: November 2008

AbstractBackground: Body size has been hypothesized to influence the risk of prostate cancer; however, most epidemiologic studies have relied on body mass index (BMI) to assess adiposity, whereas only a few studies have examined whether body fat distribution predicts prostate cancer.Methods: We examined the association of height, BMI, waist and hip circumference, and waist-hip ratio with prostate cancer risk among 129,502 men without cancer at baseline from 8 countries of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC), using Cox regression, with age as time metric, stratifying by study center and age at recruitment, and adjusting for education, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and physical activity.Results: During a mean follow-up of 8.5 years, 2,446 men developed prostate cancer. Waist circumference and waist-hip ratio were positively associated with risk of advanced disease. The relative risk of advanced prostate cancer was 1.06 (95% confidence interval, 1.01-1.1) per 5-cm-higher waist circumference and 1.21 (95% confidence interval, 1.04-1.39) per 0.1-unit-higher waist-hip ratio. When stratified by BMI, waist circumference and waist-hip ratio were positively related to risk of total, advanced, and high-grade prostate cancer among men with lower but not among those with higher BMI (Pinteraction for waist with BMI, 0.25, 0.02, and 0.05, respectively; Pinteraction for waist-hip ratio with BMI, 0.27, 0.22, and 0.14; respectively).Conclusions: These data suggest that abdominal adiposity may be associated with an increased risk of advanced prostate cancer. This association may be stronger among individuals with lower BMI; however, this finding needs confirmation in future studies. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2008;17(11):3252–61)
Georges Rouault and the Rhetoric of Expressionism
Authors: Cernuschi Claude 
Published: November 2008

AbstractEndorsing the artist's statements, Georges Rouault's admirers have repeated and helped sustain the myth of the painter as an isolated, solitary genius. Although there are many points of intersection between Rouault's work and German Expressionism (an emphasis on process and visual distortion, thematic affinities such as religious imagery, a fascination with self-portraiture, as well as with clowns and prostitutes), any potential connection with this movement has either been ignored or cursorily mentioned in the literature. This essay will explore the extent and depth of this relationship, as well as provide a critical assessment of the strikingly similar rhetorical strategies Rouault and the Expressionists employed to valorize their work.
Divided We Fall: Subtitles, Sound, and the Postwar Reconstruction of Language
Authors: Neufeld James 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThis essay considers the ethical significance of language in a Czech film (Divided We Fall, 2000) about the Nazi occupation of Czechoslovakia during the Second World War. It argues that linguistic shifts from Czech to German, to French, and to Yiddish, in both the dialogue and the lyrics to background music, expose the politically and ethically contested terrain of the film. Bilingual Czech nationals make subtle language choices depending on their circumstances, and those language choices gradually assume ethical significance as they highlight both the characters' prejudices and their small acts of heroism. Language itself thus becomes a guidepost to the film's examination of the ethically complicated choices which Nazi authority imposed on ordinary citizens. By paying close attention to language, one can see even the reviled Nazi collaborator in the film as attempting to assert some small measure of the human charity which his status as a collaborator contradicts. The paper concludes with a suggestion that the linguistic choices of the film contribute to a larger project of reclaiming the German language itself from the corruption it suffered because of its wartime use as the language of Nazi ideology and propaganda.
Work Stress and Coping amongst Lawyers in Singapore
Authors: Geok-choo Lim , Yiu-chung Ko , Kwok-bun Chan 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThis paper studied the work stressors and coping strategies of lawyers in Singapore. Data collection involved the use of both quantitative and qualitative research methods — a survey of 450 lawyers and in-depth interviews with 27 lawyers. This study found that while time pressure and work overload were the most stressful aspects of lawyering work, social interactions and interpersonal relationships at work proved to be a salient work stressor, when lawyers were dealing with clients, fellow lawyers and judges — that is, interpersonal stress. This study explains how lawyers constantly monitor and adjust their actions to negotiate for control or 'power' over others in their attempts to cope with work stress. In examining the correlation between lawyers' perceptions of work stress and their coping behaviours, this paper reveals that while lawyers tended to report more problem-focused than emotion-focused coping ways, the correlation analysis informed that emotion-focused and help-seeking coping ways were significantly correlated with interpersonal stress, such as in dealing with clients and colleagues. This study further shows that lawyers invoke social and psychological coping resources to position themselves strategically within prevailing power relations to cope with their interpersonal stress at work.