bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Artemisia dubia folium extract-mediated immune efficacy through developing a murine model for acute and chronic stages of atopic dermatitis
Authors: Acharya Manju , Gautam Ravi , Yang SuJeong , Jo JiHun , Maharjan Anju , Lee DaEun , Ghimire Narayan Prasad , Min ByeongSun , Kim ChangYul , Kim HyoungAh , Heo Yong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a biphasic type of skin inflammation characterized by a predominance of type-2 (TH2) and type-1 (TH1) helper T cell-biased immune responses at the acute and persistent chronic phases, respectively. The present study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Artemisia dubia folium extract (ADFE) on AD-like skin lesions through developing a murine model for acute and chronic stages of AD. To induce acute phase AD, the dorsal skin of BALB/c mice was sensitized twice a week with 1% 2, 4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB), followed by challenge (twice) in the following week with 0.2% DNCB. To induce persistent chronic AD, some mice were challenged twice a week for 4 more weeks. After the second challenge, the dorsal skin was exposed to 3% ADFE (five times per week) for 2 weeks (acute phase) or 4 weeks (persistent chronic phase).

Results
The paradigm of TH2 or TH1 predominance at the acute and chronic phase, respectively, was observed in this mouse model. During the acute phase, we observed an increased IL-4/IFN-γ ratio in splenic culture supernatants, an increased IgG1/IgG2a ratio in serum, and elevated serum IgE levels; however, the skew toward TH2 responses was diminished during the chronic stage. Compared with vehicle controls, ADFE reduced the IL-4/IFN-γ and IgG1/IgG2a ratios in acute AD, but both ratios increased during the chronic stage.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that ADFE concomitantly suppresses the TH2 predominant response in acute AD, as well as the TH1 predominant response in chronic AD. Thus, ADFE is a candidate therapeutic for AD.
Adjunctive repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation therapy’s effectiveness in treating a sample of patients with major depressive disorder refractory to first-line drug treatment
Authors: Javadi Alireza Haji Seyed , Mohammadian Abdul Rasool , Shafikhani Ali Akbar 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
The usefulness of repetitious transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and its protocols in the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) remains controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of rTMS in treating a sample of patients with MDD who did not respond to conventional treatment.

Results
The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) scores for the active rTMS group were 19.66 ± 6.70 at baseline, 12.50 ± 6.69 at 2 weeks, and 11.23 ± 6.59 at 4 weeks. The average HDRS scores for the sham rTMS group were 20.03 ± 7.40 at baseline, 19.36 ± 6.86 at 2 weeks, and 18.53 ± 7.10 at 4 weeks (F = 5.98; p < 0.01). The Clinical Global Impression-Severity Scale (CGI-S) scores were significantly lower in the second and fourth weeks than the baseline due to the significant interaction between time effects and the groups (F = 9.95, p = 0.002). This condition was also similar to the CGI-Improvement Scale and Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (Brief IPQ), and the intervention group showed a significantly lower score than the control group (p < 0.05).

Conclusions
This study showed that rTMS using the employed protocol was promising for patients with MDD resistant to first-line drug therapy. Further studies are required to ensure our observation.

Trial registration
Trial registration number: IRCT20190612043877N1
Trial registry Record URL: https://irct.behdasht.gov.ir/trial/63919
Expression of serum microRNAs, mir-182-5p, and miR-590-3p and its clinical significance in neonatal sepsis
Authors: Hamdy Soha M. , Othman Yomna A. , Abdelaleem Omayma O. , Abd El-Hamid Rehab G. , Ali Doaa Y. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Neonatal sepsis is one of the life-threatening diseases. MicroRNAs are non-coding RNAs that play vital roles in various diseases.

Methods
This study included 50 neonates with sepsis and 60 healthy controls. RNA extraction and assessment of mir-182-5p and miR-590-3p using real-time PCR were done.

Results
Significant downregulation of mir-182-5p and miR-590-3p in neonates with sepsis compared with healthy neonates was observed. Positive correlations were confirmed between the expression levels of miR-182-5p and birth weight (R = 0.355, P = 0.012), RDW (R = 0.476, p =  < 0.0001), I/T Neutrophil (R = 0.362, P = 0.012), and a negative correlations were demonstrated between miR-182-5p and each of lyomphocyte count (R =  − 0.399, P = 0.004), HCO3 (R =  − 0.396, P = 0.004), as well as snap score (R =  − 0.321, P = 0.023). Moreover, positive correlations were verified between the expression level of miR-590-3p and I/T Neutrophil (R = 0.420, P = 0.003), RDW (R = 0.359, p = 0.010), CRP (R = 0.285, P = 0.45), and negative correlations were established between the expression level of miR-590-3p and platelets (R =  − 0.495, P =  < 0.0001), lymphocyte count (R =  − 0.365, P = 0.009), and snap score (R =  − 0.568, P =  < 0.0001).

Conclusion
mir-182-5p and miR-590-3p may be used as new biomarkers for neonatal sepsis suggesting that they could be used in the treatment of neonatal sepsis. Also, a significant negative correlation was noted between expression levels of mir-182-5p and miR-590-3p and snap score.
Advancing infrastructure resilience: machine learning-based prediction of bridges’ rating factors under autonomous truck platoons
Authors: Elshazli Mohamed T. , Hussein Dina , Bhat Ganapati , Abdel-Rahim Ahmed , Ibrahim Ahmed 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe operational characteristics of freight shipment will significantly change after the implementation of Autonomous and Connected Trucks (ACT). This change will have a significant impact on freight mobility, transportation safety, and the sustainability of infrastructure. Truck platooning is an emerging truck configuration that is expected to become operational in the future due to the rapid advancements in connected vehicle technology and autonomous driving assistance. The platooning configuration enables trucks to be connected with themselves and the surrounding infrastructure. This arrangement has shown to be a promising solution to improve the vehicles’ fuel efficiency, reduce carbon dioxide emission, reduce traffic congestion, and improve transportation service. However, platooning may accelerate the damage accumulation of pavement and bridge structures due to the formation of multiple load axles within each platoon since those structures were not designed for such loads. According to AASHTO, bridges are designed based on a notional live load model comprised of one or two trucks per lane in conjunction with or separate from an applied uniform load (AASHTO, LRFD 2022). This damage, if accumulated, its repair would require billions of dollars from the government and would impede the movement of both people and goods. The potential damage to infrastructure may arise due to various factors such as the number of trucks in a platoon, gap spacing between trucks, and the type of trucks. This research work includes a thorough parametric study with 295,200 computer simulations using SAP 2000. The goal was to evaluate the effect of different truck platooning configurations on the load rating of existing bridges. The obtained results served as the dataset for training various machine learning models, including Random Tree, Random Forest, Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP), Support Vector Regression (SVR), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost). Results showed that Random Forest model performed the best, with the lowest prediction errors. The proposed machine learning model has shown its effectiveness in identifying optimal platooning configurations for bridge structures within the scope of the study.
Graphical Abstract
“I’m Doing Something Fun…”: Primary School Pupils’ Perceptions of Physically Active Lessons
Authors: Quarmby Thomas , Powell Danielle , Daly-Smith Andy 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Purpose
This article sought to extend the understanding of primary school pupils’ experiences and perceptions of physically active lessons (PAL) compared to traditional classroom lessons.

Method
The study draws from qualitative data captured through nine focus group interviews (utilizing writing, drawing, show and tell, and puppets) with year 5 and year 6 pupils.

Results
Data were analyzed using inductive and deductive procedures. Findings highlight that pupils perceived traditional lessons to be teacher-centered, boring, and sedentary. In contrast, pupils recognized that the teacher became a facilitator of learning in PAL, which created more social interaction and enjoyment.

Conclusion
PAL offers an alternative pedagogical approach to didactic teaching, and pupils demonstrated preference for more fun, engaging, and active lessons.
The erosive effect of pomegranate juice on enamel: An in vitro study
Authors: Chen Yue , Wu Zeyu , Sun Peng , Song Jie , Liu Yishan , Zhao Jin 
Published: April 2024

Aim
Dental erosion is a chemical-mechanical process that leads to the loss of dental hard tissues. This study aimed to investigate the effect of pomegranate juice on the enamel.

Methods
Enamel blocks were randomly divided into three groups: deionized water, cola, and pomegranate juice. The blocks were immersed in the solutions four times a day for 14 days, and stored in artificial saliva for the remaining period. The surface hardness was measured on days 7 and 14. The surface structures of the demineralized blocks were observed via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the depth of demineralization was observed via confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The pH, calcium, and phosphorus levels of the three solutions were analyzed.

Results
The microhardness values of the blocks in the pomegranate juice and cola groups decreased with the increase in the demineralization time. The blocks in the pomegranate juice group exhibited large fractures in the enamel column, whereas those in the cola group had pitted enamels with destruction of the interstitial enamel column. Compared with cola group, fluorescent penetration increased in pomegranate juice (P < 0.01). The pH of cola (2.32 ± 0.09) was lower than that of pomegranate juice (3.16 ± 0.16). Furthermore, the calcium content in pomegranate juice was significantly higher than that in cola (P < 0.01). Alternatively, the concentration of phosphorous in cola was significantly higher than that in pomegranate juice (P < 0.01).

Conclusion
These findings indicate that pomegranate juice can cause enamel demineralization with an erosive potential comparable to that of cola.
Online application for the diagnosis of atherosclerosis by six genes
Authors: Zhao Zunlan , Chen Shouhang , Wei Hongzhao , Ma Weile , Shi Weili , Si Yixin , Wang Jun , Wang Liuyi , Li Xiqing 
Published: April 2024

Background
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a primary contributor to cardiovascular disease, leading to significant global mortality rates. Developing effective diagnostic indicators and models for AS holds the potential to substantially reduce the fatalities and disabilities associated with cardiovascular disease. Blood sample analysis has emerged as a promising avenue for facilitating diagnosis and assessing disease prognosis. Nonetheless, it lacks an accurate model or tool for AS diagnosis. Hence, the principal objective of this study is to develop a convenient, simple, and accurate model for the early detection of AS.

Methods
We downloaded the expression data of blood samples from GEO databases. By dividing the mean values of housekeeping genes (meanHGs) and applying the comBat function, we aimed to reduce the batch effect. After separating the datasets into training, evaluation, and testing sets, we applied differential expression analyses (DEA) between AS and control samples from the training dataset. Then, a gradient-boosting model was used to evaluate the importance of genes and identify the hub genes. Using different machine learning algorithms, we constructed a prediction model with the highest accuracy in the testing dataset. Finally, we make the machine learning models publicly accessible by shiny app construction.

Results
Seven datasets (GSE9874, GSE12288, GSE20129, GSE23746, GSE27034, GSE90074, and GSE202625), including 403 samples with AS and 325 healthy subjects, were obtained by comprehensive searching and filtering by specific requirements. The batch effect was successfully removed by dividing the meanHGs and applying the comBat function. 331 genes were found to be related to atherosclerosis by the DEA analysis between AS and health samples. The top 6 genes with the highest importance values from the gradient boosting model were identified. Out of the seven machine learning algorithms tested, the random forest model exhibited the most impressive performance in the testing datasets, achieving an accuracy exceeding 0.8. While the batch effect reduction analysis in our study could have contributed to the increased accuracy values, our comparison results further highlight the superiority of our model over the genes provided in published studies. This underscores the effectiveness of our approach in delivering superior predictive performance. The machine-learning models were then uploaded to the Shiny app’s server, making it easy for users to distinguish AS samples from normal samples.

Conclusions
A prognostic Shiny application, built upon six potential atherosclerosis-associated genes, has been developed, offering an accurate diagnosis of atherosclerosis.
Fungal microbiota in newborn infants with and without respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: Friaza Vicente , Rojas Pilar , de la Horra Carmen , García Elisa , Morilla Rubén , Pavón Antonio , de Armas Yaxsier , Vallejo-Vaz Antonio J. , Salsoso Rocío , Medrano Francisco J. , Calderón Enrique J. 
Published: April 2024

Background
Pneumocytis jirovecii infection in preterm newborns has recently been associated with neonatal respiratory distress syndrome and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Changes in the bacterial microbiota of the airways have also been described in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. However, until now there has been no information on the airway mycobiota in newborns. The purpose of this study was to describe the airway mycobiota in term and preterm newborns and its possible association with respiratory distress syndrome.

Methods
Twenty-six matched preterm newborns with and without respiratory distress syndrome were studied, as well as 13 term babies. The identification of the fungal microbiota was carried out using molecular procedures in aspirated nasal samples at birth.

Results
The ascomycota phylum was identified in 89.7% of newborns, while the basidiomycota phylum was found in 33.3%. Cladosporium was the predominant genus in both term and preterm infants 38.4% vs. 73% without statistical differences. Candida sake and Pneumocystis jirovecii were only found in preterm infants, suggesting a potential relationship with the risk of prematurity.

Conclusions
This is the first report to describe the fungal microbiota of the airways in term and preterm infants with and without respiratory distress syndrome. Although no differences have been observed, the number of cases analyzed could be small to obtain conclusive results, and more studies are needed to understand the role of the fungal microbiota of the airways in neonatal respiratory pathology.
Innovation of Standardized Extract of Yam Bean Seed and Red Betel Leaf as Bioinsecticide for Myiasis Treatment
Authors: Mustika Aulia Andi 
Published: April 2024

Myiasis causes severe economic and production losses in animals. Chemicals are frequently employed to prevent or control myiasis in animals, however long-term exposure to chemical-based pesticides can have severe effects. This study aims to assess the effectiveness combination of ethanol extract of yam bean seeds and red betel leafÂ in vitroÂ as a preparation capable of killing all larval stages ofÂ Chrysomya bezziana, the primary agent responsible for myiasis. This study consisted of eleven treatment groups. Twenty instar 1 (L1), 2 (L2), and 3 (L3)Â C. bezzianaÂ larvae were used forÂ in vitroÂ testing utilizing plastic pots containing larval media and ethanol extract of yam bean seeds, red betel leaf, and their combination as well as a combination of 0.5%, 1%, and 2% concentrations of ethanol extract of yam bean seeds and red betel leaf. Asuntol and sterile distilled water were utilized as positive and negative controls, rerspectively. The results demonstrated that the combination of 2% ethanol extract of yam bean seeds and red betel leaf was able to induce 100% larval death and 100% pupal failure. The L3 test demonstrated that the combination of yam bean seed ethanol extract and red betel leaf reduced hatchability at all doses. The L1 and L2 tests suggested that the extract was efficient as a stomach poison, whilst the L3 test indicated that it was also a contact poison. Yam bean seeds and red betel leaf show larvicidal efficacy against multiple species ofÂ Chrysomya bezzianaÂ insect larvae.Â Key Words:Â yam bean seeds, bioinsecticide,Â Chrysomya bezziana, red betel leaf, myiasis
Determination of Growth and Survival Rates of Saanen Kid in UniSZA Dairy Goat Farm
Authors: Anuar N I , Ahmad N , Rosli N S A , Ahmad K , Azmi N S , Mustaffa N D A N , Ibrahim Noor Syaheera 
Published: April 2024

Live weight is one of the parameters for evaluating milk and meat production of livestock. Live weight is an important indicator for improving production traits. The present study was conducted to measure growth performances based on two factors; sex differences and litter size and observation of survival between these factors during the sample period. Data from 22 Saanen kid were recorded for 6 weeks. Results showed that male kid had higher live weight than female kid (P0.05), with a difference of 3.3% in the percentage of live weight gained over 6 weeks of sampling. This resulted in a body gain of 0.68 kg/day for male kid and 0.48 kg/day for female kid. The current study also showed that twin kid had a higher average live weight than single kid (P0.05). The average size of single-born Saanen kid was not significantly different from twin-born Saanen goat kid (P0.05). Twin-born Saanen kid gained 9.9% more live weight in 6 weeks than singleton- born. Survival was 86.4%, with all deaths attributable to singleton-born kid. In this study, preweaning kid survival was not affected by sex or litter size, but was affected by maternal age. Other factors such as pellet deficiency should be considered as they affect the overall production of the animals. The data collected in this study could potentially lead to more accurate evaluation of breeding value, and improvements in feeding and management.
Comparison of The Nutritional Composition of Black Soldier Fly Bred on Organic Waste and Bred on Commercial Pellet mixed with Rice Bran
Authors: Ningrum Siti Gusti , Ilham Mukhammad Zakkiyah , Yulianto Andreas Berny , Nussa Olan Rahayu Puji Astuti , Purnamasari Kartika 
Published: April 2024

The black soldier fly (BSF, Hermetia illucens) is an insect often used as animal feed that is easy, inexpensive, and fast to breed. However, these flies have never been used for the poultry diet. This study compares the nutritional content of black soldier flies, third-instar larvae, and pupae fed with organic waste and a mixture of commercial chicken pellets with rice bran. The method used in this study uses proximate analysis of the nutritional content of black soldier flies for dry matter, ash, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, calcium, nitrogen-free extract, and gross energy.
Sustainability Clauses in ‘Public’ Contracts
Authors: Uysal Ezgi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Under the Public Sector Directive, public buyers are allowed to include sustainability considerations in their purchasing decisions within the limits of the principles of procurement. This framework allows criteria linked to the subject matter to be contractualised. Though different criteria are widely employed in public procurement within the umbrella of sustainable public procurement, the literature mostly focuses on stages leading to the contract award instead of considering the public contract as a document incorporating contractual obligations. On the other side, green and social commitments in (business) contracts are considerations that are not necessarily linked to the subject matter. Though their value is acknowledged, their enforcement proves to be challenging due to the restraints of contract law. By using European contract law as a reference point, this paper compares sustainability clauses in business contracts to sustainability clauses in public contracts – to determine whether the EU regime applicable to public contracts offers solutions to these hurdles.
Snakes on a Page: Visual Receptions of the Eden Serpent through the History of Western Art and Their Survivals in Modern Children’s Bibles
Authors: Wilkowski R. K. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Visual receptions of the Eden serpent throughout the history of Western art have reflected various interpretive attempts to understand the nature of this creature. In the investigation of these receptions, five iconographic categories emerge: the female-headed serpent, the demonic serpent, the dragon-like serpent, the etiological serpent, and the zoological serpent. Of these categories, all but the female-headed serpent survives in modern children’s Bible illustration. Due to the cultural prevalence of children’s Bibles and the tendency of images to inform later readings of texts, these visual receptions of the Eden serpent hold significant interpretive power for the child. Survivals of demonic, dragon-like, and etiological iconographic categories in modern children’s Bibles limit the interpretive possibilities of the child’s subsequent reading of the biblical text. The child is predisposed to regard the serpent as a demonic figure or a fantastical creature, or to regard Genesis 3 as a purely etiological tale, proscribing other interpretive possibilities. In contrast, the survival of the zoological serpent in modern children’s Bibles highlights the interpretive tensions within the Hebrew text of Genesis 3. Rather than proscribing certain interpretations of the Eden serpent, the survival of the zoological serpent in modern children’s Bibles invites the child to interact with the interpretive gaps and ambiguities in both text and image.
Emerging role and function of SPDL1 in human health and diseases
Authors: Feng Yuejiao , Tang Donghao , Wang Jie 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

SPDL1 (spindle apparatus coiled-coil protein 1), also referred to as CCDC99, is a recently identified gene involved in cell cycle regulation. SPDL1 encodes a protein, hSpindly, which plays a critical role in the maintenance of spindle checkpoint silencing during mitosis. hSpindly coordinates microtubule attachment by promoting kinesin recruitment and mitotic checkpoint signaling. Moreover, the protein performs numerous biological functions in vivo and its aberrant expression is closely associated with abnormal neuronal development, pulmonary interstitial fibrosis, and malignant tumor development. In this review, we provide an overview of studies that reveal the characteristics of SPDL1 and of the protein encoded by it, as well as its biological and tumor-promoting functions.