bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Carcinoma of the laryngeal margin
Authors: Laccourreye Henri , Brasnu Daniel F. , Beutter Patrice 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe laryngeal margin constitutes an anatomic and clinical entity that differs from what is commonly referred to as supraglottic. The present retrospective study reviews 189 cases of carcinomas occurring in this specifically defined region. Local, nodal, and distant metastatic spread of these tumors varied depending on whether the initial tumor site was located in the anterior or lateral margin. Treatment regimens were planned according to the tumor's origin. Primary tumor site surgery associated with a modified or radical neck dissection according to N staging, followed by postoperative radiation is advocated for treatment of these tumors. Cervical nodal metastases are frequent and often bilateral (36%) in cases of anterior margin carcinoma suggesting that bilateral neck dissection sparing two jugular veins for N0 staged carcinoma and one jugular vein when there is evidence of a palpable node, be routinely used. Nodal involvement in cases of lateral margin carcinoma is also frequent but is almost exclusively confined to the ipsilateral nodes. It is suggested that homolateral neck dissection therefore be systematically associated with primary tumor site surgery for these tumors. The various anatomical aspects and pathways of extension of laryngeal margin carcinoma are discussed and a modified TNM classification is proposed.
Face lift, part I: Extent of undermining of skin flaps
Authors: Webster Richard C. , Smith Richard C. , Smith Karen F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOne theory in cheek‐neck lifting is that it is necessary to undermine skin flaps widely to achieve adequate short and long term results. We have proven that extensive undermining allows no more skin to be excised than is permitted by more conservative undermining when snug skin closures are used. Another part of the theory is that a sheet of scar tissue (“favorable fibrosis”) forms and that the larger sheet of scar from more extensive undermining maintains the improvement from the lift longer than would a smaller sheet from less undermining. Controlled studies presented here cast doubt on this part of the theory. Many years ago we ran a series on patients in whom one side had essentially twice as much undermining as did the other. Equal amounts of skin were removed on both sides. Short and long term results were essentially the same on the two sides.
Pharyngolaryngectomy with extrathoracic esophagectomy
Authors: Davidge‐Pitts Keith J. , Mannel Aylwyn 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFourteen patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the hypopharynx underwent total pharyngolaryngectomy and extrathoracic esophagectomy with primary pharyngogastric anastomosis. Histological examination of the resected specimens showed extensive submucosal spread into the cervical esophagus, necessitating a radical excision of the esophagus for adequate distal clearance. The results of this method of management are discussed.
An animal model for the assessment of microvascular patency
Authors: Horowitz Zeev , Strome Marshall , Fried Marvin P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA tubed superficial epigastric flap (TSEF), based on a single vascular pedicle, was designed in a rat. Forty TSEFs were created in three control groups: in 20 TSEFs both the femoral artery and vein were ligated proximal to the take‐off of the superficial epigastric vessels, in 10 TSEFs the femoral artery and in the other 10 the femoral vein were ligated and transected at the same location. All TSEFs in the control groups sloughed, reflecting the dependence on the axial vasculature. A further 232 TSEFs were made with a survival rate of 84.5% (196/232). Delayed arterial or venous ligation was then performed up to 42 days after the initial surgery. The patency of the axial vein was crucial for survival for only the first postoperative week. The axial arterial patency was needed for survival of the TSEF for 6 weeks. The creation of this TSEF fulfills the need for a simple model that is as readily constructed as other models, is reproducible, has a high success rate and most importantly, reflects the patency of its nutrient vessels for a prolonged period of time.
The questionable value of total glossectomy
Authors: Harrison Donald 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn a personal series of 104 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue, 14 patients were treated with total glossectomy and laryngectomy, and 2 were treated with total glossectomy alone. The high rate of local recurrence that occurred when partial glossectomy followed curative radiotherapy suggests that in selected patients total glossectomy is of value. Patients with more extensive tumors requiring total laryngectomy are rarely cured and the procedure entails serious rehabilitation problems.
Facial reconstruction following blast injury
Authors: Close Lanny Garth , Lomba Jose A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe facial plastic surgeon, when treating a patient with massive loss of soft tissue and bone of the face secondary to blast injury, must carefully consider available treatment options. The choice of procedure should be dictated by the likelihood of success, donor site morbidity, and the potential for complications. Five illustrative cases of blast injury to the lower face are presented to demonstrate methods of reconstruction currently available. Local soft‐tissue flaps appear to be superior to regional or distant flaps for the restoration of form and function of the lower lip. Autogenous, particulate cancellous bone is a satisfactory grafting material for the great majority of traumatic mandibular defects. Vascularized bone grafts should be considered when extensive defects of the anterior arch exist or when a sterile, supple, well‐vascularized recipient bed is not available.
Incidence of cranial nerve dysfunction following carotid endarterectomy
Authors: Astor Frank C. , Santilli Patricia , Tucker Harvey M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAn analysis of postoperative injuries to the recurrent laryngeal, hypoglossal, marginal mandibular, and superior laryngeal nerves was undertaken in 517 patients who underwent 535 carotid endarterectomies between April 1978 and March 1981 at The Cleveland Clinic Foundation. A review of the literature is presented followed by the results of this analysis and a discussion of the findings. Suggestions for decreasing or avoiding such injuries are made. Conclusions are drawn to help the otolaryngologist identify the endarterectomized patient with an impaired upper aerodigestive tract.
The dynamic morris biphase appliance for stabilization of flail facial bones
Authors: Morris Don M. , Gross Bob D. , Sturrock Billy D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis report presents our experience with a modification of the Morris biphase appliance. We have modified the device to let the patient open his or her mouth immediately after surgery to allow for intraoral suture line care. The device prevents deviation of the remaining mandible toward the operated side of the face. We believe this has lessened the esthetic, masticatory, and speech difficulties of the two patients in whom we used the device. We conclude the device deserves further testing.
Laryngeal cystic hygroma
Authors: Myer Charles M. , Bratcher Glenn O. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAn unusual case of cervical cystic hygroma with laryngeal extension is reported. A patient with acute upper airway obstruction due to a laryngeal lesion was seen 18 years after the original cervical surgery. Maintenance of an adequate airway has required a partial laryngectomy in addition to repeated endoscopic procedures for removal of recurrent disease. The rationale for this therapy is discussed in light of the current literature.
Intraarterial chemotherapy for head and neck cancer, part 2: Clinical experience
Authors: Baker Shan R. , Wheeler Richard 
Published: February 2007

AbstractDespite almost 3 decades of experience, the use of intraarterial (IA) chemotherapy for the treatment of head and neck cancer is not universally accepted. The overall reported response rates are not substantially different from the therapeutic results obtained with systemic therapy. The additional complications associated with establishing and maintaining arterial access have further dampened enthusiasm for this approach. It is clear that considerable improvement in the techniques and efficacy of IA chemotherapy is necessary. This second and last part of this article considers the past and present clinical experience with IA therapy in the treatment of head and neck cancer and explores future developments.
Closure of large orbital‐maxillary defects with free latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flaps
Authors: Baker Shan R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe treatment of advanced cancer of the maxillary sinus often requires extensive ablation and orbital exenteration that results in large fullthickness defects of the upper cheek and orbital regions. Reconstruction of such defects with local flaps is usually difficult because of the need for a large flap. Several regional flaps such as the deltopectoral flap, the temporal flap, and the shoulder flap may be used, but these techniques frequently require surgery in stages and result in severe deformity of the donor site. The island pedicled, pectoralis major myocutaneous flap may be rotated up to the orbital region; however, the uncertain blood supply to the skin in the distal area of the pectoralis may cause unexpected marginal necrosis of the flap. Reconstruction of large orbital‐maxillary defects can readily be accomplished in one stage using microsurgical free transfer of latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flaps. The thoracodorsal artery and vein that form the nutrient pedicle of the flap approaches 2 mm in external diameter and up to 10 cm in length, allowing greater versatility in head and neck reconstruction. The muscle may be used to fill the orbital and maxillary cavities and will accept a skin graft on its deep surface. The donor defect is closed primarily and the resulting scar is well concealed beneath the arm. If necessary, extremely large flaps may be transferred by harvesting the entire latissimus dorsi muscle and the overlying skin based on the thoracodorsal system.
Current concepts in the management of laryngeal papillomatosis
Authors: Robbins K. Thomas , Woodson Gayle E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA wide variety of methods have been described for the treatment of laryngeal papillomatosis. This attests to the difficulties encountered in controlling this often refractory disease. Recent trends have been directed toward immunotherapy and improved techniques of endoscopic excision. The various treatment modalities are reviewed to provide the reader with updated information and a perspective of the current management of this perplexing disease.
A new external approach to the pterygomaxillary fossa and parapharyngeal space
Authors: Attia E. L. , Bentley K. C. , Head T. , Mulder D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA new direct approach to the area of the pterygomaxillary fossa and the parapharyngeal space is described. This procedure was developed because previously described methods either offered limited access to the area or resulted in significant functional defects. The approach described here results in a wide‐field exposure of both the pterygomaxillary and parapharyngeal spaces with no sacrifice of either mandibular function or the sensory supply of the face or oral cavity. The parapharyngeal space is entered through a transcervical incision. This, combined with double osteotomies of the mandible, allows the ascending ramus with its intact neurovascular bundle to be reflected laterally and superiorly, along with the attached masseter muscle and the overlying skin. The result is an excellent exposure of the pterygomaxillary fossa and the base of skull. Following removal of the tumor, the ramus of the mandible is replaced and fixed with interosseous wiring and the application of arch bars, thus restoring normal dental occlusion. The technique described here was worked out on cadaveric dissection before being applied to a clinical case.
Complete microscopic controlled surgery for head and neck cancer
Authors: Baker Shan R. , Swanson Neil A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMohs surgery, as it has evolved since its inception by Mohs, is a technique for removing certain cancers using careful, precise microscopic marginal control. The contemporary technique using fresh tissue has enabled the application of Mohs surgery to the treatment of malignancies of the upper aerodigestive tract. Mohs surgery, once limited to large recurrent basal cell carcinomas, has expanded to include several cutaneous and noncutaneous neoplasms. With better understanding of the Mohs technique, its indications, applications, and advantages, an interdisciplinary approach to manage certain head and neck neoplasms is proposed.
Mode of invasion and lymph node metastasis in squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity
Authors: Yamamoto Etsuhide , Miyakawa Akira , Kohama Gen‐Iku 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe relationship between the mode of tumor invasion in the tumor‐host borderline and the frequency of regional lymph node metastasis was investigated in squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity. Cases with grades 1‐3 mode of invasion classified by modified Jacobsson criteria showed a low frequency of metastasis (10/72, 13.9%), while those cases with grade 4 mode of invasion, which consisted of grade 4C (cord‐like type) and grade 4D (diffuse type) showed a high frequency of metastasis (4C:11/18,61.1%;4D:9/12,75.0%; total 20/30,66.7%). Moreover, the number of metastatic nodes in each case of mode of invasion ranged from 1 to 3 in grades 1‐3, from 1 to 5 in grade 4C, and from 1 to 7 in grade 4D. The presence of metastasis indicated a poorer prognosis than did the absence of the mode of invasion in each grade, especially in grades 4C and 4D.
Analysis of the methods of pharyngoesophageal reconstruction
Authors: Surkin Marc I. , Lawson William , Biller Hugh F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractDuring the period 1972‐1982, 84 pharyngoesophageal reconstructions were performed on 82 patients (10 benign lesions and 72 malignant lesions) by the Department of Otolaryngology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York. The overall mortality for the series was 10%, with postoperative complications developing in the majority of patients and swallowing accomplished in 61%. The most successful method of reconstruction was stomach transposition (92%), followed by cervical flap repair (68%). The least successful methods were the use of the tubed deltopectoral and pectoralis major myocutaneous flaps, colon interposition, and jejunal autografts (40%‐50%). The pertinent literature is reviewed and the reported mortality, morbidity, indications, limitations, and success rates for each method of reconstruction are analyzed and compared with the present series.
Chip fractures of the mandibular condyle
Authors: Avrahami Elieser , Horowitz Isaak 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFour patients suffered from trauma of the temporomandibular (TM) joints. They were examined by routine x‐ray procedures. The x‐ray films failed to demonstrate a chip fracture of the head of the mandibular condyle. A coronal computed tomographic (CT) view established the fracture shortly after the trauma in three patients. These patients improved clinically after physiotherapy. The fourth patient was retrospectively diagnosed as having a chip fracture of the mandibular head. She underwent CT scan 10 months posttrauma, and ankylosis of the TM joint was established. The mechanism and the clinical symptoms of this injury, which have not been previously described, are reported in this article.
Transverse cervical myelopathy: An unusual complication of retropharyngeal abscess
Authors: Heilbronn Y. D. , Tovi F. , Hirsch M. , Ronen J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRetropharyngeal abscess complicated by suppuration in the central nervous system, intra‐ or extraaxial, is rare. Acute transverse myelopathy complicating a retropharyngeal abscess may be more frequent than epidural spinal abscess and usually affects the thoracic cord. Therefore, the occurrence of acute high cervical transverse myelopathy is rarely encountered and warrants reporting. The need for neuroradiologic diagnostic evaluation is emphasized in order to rule out a surgically treatable lesion.
Carcinoma in situ of the larynx
Authors: Maran A. G. D. , Mackenzie I. J. , Stanley R. E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA series of 28 cases of carcinoma in situ of the larynx treated over the last 16 years is reviewed. The majority of the patients were treated with endolaryngeal stripping of the cords. In the few cases in which the treatment failed, early detection of disease was made and radiotherapy was successful in controlling the carcinoma. The use of radiotherapy is only advocated for selected cases because there is often difficulty in assessing a radiated larynx; radiotherapy may induce field changes, and if treatment fails, laryngectomy may have to be carried out as a salvage procedure.
Cutaneous versus myocutaneous flaps in the repair of major defects in head and neck cancer: A study of 331 flaps
Authors: Faucher Alain , Renaud‐Salis Jean‐Louis , Pinsolle Jacques , Siberchicot Francois , Michelet Francois‐Xavier 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA retrospective analysis was carried out of 311 reconstructions of major defects following head and neck cancer treatment. Three hundred thirty‐one flaps were used; they included cutaneous flaps from 1972 to 1979 and myocutaneous flaps (MCF) after 1979. The aim of this study was to compare the healing patterns of the two types of flaps used in similar circumstances. Even though the use of myocutaneous flaps reduced necrotic complications, there was no significant improvement in overall healing. In this type of reconstruction, local conditions as well as more general factors have greater prognostic significance. Apart from considerations of reliability, other criteria have led to myocutaneous flaps being the treatment of choice in cervicofacial cancer repair. However, specific indications for the use of cutaneous flaps remain.
Computed tomography of the face and paranasal sinuses: Part I. Normal anatomy
Authors: Sataloff Robert Thayer , Grossman Charles B. , Gonzales Carlos , Naheedy Mohammad H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractComputed tomographic (CT) scanning of the face and sinuses has improved markedly with modern equipment and methods. Expertise in facial and sinus anatomy as seen by CT is invaluable to the clinician. A review of normal CT anatomy is presented as a basis for diagnosing, pathologic conditions.
Improved survival in carcinoma of the nasopharynx
Authors: Vikram Bhadrasain , Strong Elliot W. , Manolatos Spero , Mishra Uma B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBetween 1970 and 1980, we treated 107 previously untreated patients with biopsy‐proven carcinoma of the nasopharynx by megavoltage external radiation therapy to the primary site, base of the skull, and both sides of the neck. Eighty‐seven percent of the patients had stage IV disease (American Joint Committee 1980), 53% had T4 primaries, and 73% had palpable cervical metastases. The histology was anaplastic or poorly differentiated carcinoma in 81%. The observed 5‐year survival rate was 35% for the patients treated between 1970 and 1976, and increased to 72% for those treated between 1977 and 1980 (P < 0.01). The two patient populations were similar except that the dose of irradiation (median and modal) to the primary site was 6,000 rad during 1970–1976 and 7,000 rad during 1977–1980. The survival rate was not significantly influenced by age, sex, birthplace, histology, or stage. These data suggest that a relatively high cure rate might be possible in carcinoma of the nasopharynx, even though most patients present with locally advanced disease. The patterns of relapse are discussed.
Cosmetic rhinoplasty: Radiological features
Authors: Safian Leroy S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe usual radiologic postoperative appearance of the bony nasal pyramid following a typical cosmetic rhinoplasty is demonstrated, and possible atypical sequelae are discussed. More specifically, the sites of the osteotomies performed as part of this surgical procedure are diagrammatically illustrated. It is believed that because of the increasing popularity of rhinoplastic operations, it is timely to acquaint radiologists with the postsurgical stigmata which, though minor, might be erroneously interpreted as resulting from accidental trauma or other pathologic processes. Beyond academic considerations, potential medicolegal implications also exist. A brief historical overview is included.
High resolution computed tomography, part 2: The salivary glands and oral cavity
Authors: Swartz Joel D. , Saluk Patricia H. , Lansman Amy , Marlowe Frank I. , Popky George L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHigh resolution computed tomography (CT) has been of extraordinary value in all areas of the head and neck. Previous communications have indicated its effectiveness in the evaluation of the temporal bone and soft tissues of the neck. This current communication illustrates and discusses the anatomy and pathology of the salivary glands and oral cavity as seen on CT.
Chondrosarcoma of the nasal septum: A case report
Authors: Beneck Debra , Seidman Irving , Jacobs Joseph 
Published: February 2007

AbstractChondrosarcoma arising in the nasal septum has been previously described only 11 times. In this report, another case occurring in an 89‐year‐old man is discussed. The rarity of such a tumor arising in previously normal cartilage is emphasized. Prognostic factors and surgical treatment are discussed.
Treatment of choice for squamous carcinoma of the tonsillar fossa
Authors: Remmler Daniel , Medina Jesus E. , Byers Robert M. , Meoz Raul , Pfalzgraf Kathleen 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe records of 160 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the tonsillar fossa treated from 1968 through 1979 were reviewed. Biologic behavior, local and regional findings, and other prognostic factors were evaluated. Patients were treated by either radiation alone (112 patients), radiation followed by planned neck dissection (31 patients), surgery alone (11 patients), or surgery combined with radiation (6 patients). Analysis of the data supports the recommendation that radiation be used as treatment for T1, T2, and early T3 lesions, whereas surgery alone or combined with radiation is best employed for advanced T3 or T4 tumors. Primary tumor control rates with radiation as the initial modality were 100% for T1 lesions, 89% for T2, 68% for T3, and 24% for T4. In addition, the control of cervical metastases with radiation therapy for patients with neck disease staged NO through N3b was excellent (95%). In instances where a planned neck dissection was done 5 weeks after radiation, the control of cancer in the neck was 100%. The incidence of distant metastases was 10% and was not affected by the selection of therapy. The 2‐ and 5‐year determinate survival figures for 112 patients treated with radiation therapy alone was 67% and 48% respectively, while 31 patients treated with radiation therapy followed by neck dissection achieved survival rates of 70% (2 year) and 58% (5 year). The criteria for selection of treatment are discussed.
High resolution computed tomography: Part 3, the larynx and hypopharynx
Authors: Swartz Joel D. , Lansman Amy , Marlowe Frank I. , Popky George L. , Berger Alan S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHigh resolution computed tomography (CT) is a highly desirable addition to clinical examination of the larynx and hypopharynx. The anatomy and pathology of the larynx and hypopharynx is discussed and illustrated by CT.