bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coastal lagoons of West Africa: a scoping study of environmental status and management challenges
Authors: Davies-Vollum K. Sian , Koomson Daniel , Raha Debadayita 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLagoons are a major coastal environment in West Africa. They provide a plethora of resources, ecosystem services and economic benefits yet a diverse set of inter-connected stressors are a challenge to their sustainability. A scoping study of the published literature pertaining to lagoons within the region was undertaken to reveal the nature of these stressors and identify gaps in knowledge, providing a resource to inform coastal management practices and reveal areas for future study. Thirty-one lagoons were identified from the scoping exercise covering Nigeria, Benin, Togo, Ghana, Cote D’Ivoire, Liberia and Senegal. The DAPSI(W)R(M) framework was used to structure analysis of the literature and surface key environmental themes. Key drivers and activities established are the use of lagoon resources and expansion of lagoon settlements. The resultant identified pressures are waste, overuse of resources, and urban growth as well as climate change. Resultant stage changes are the degradation of water quality and ecosystems with impacts for the health of lagoon organisms and humans. Responses to changes were identified as a combination of punitive legislation, participatory management approaches and solutions focused on ecosystem restoration and engineering of the physical environment. Gaps identified include research on waste and aspects of climate change mitigation and adaptation. Also notable is a lack of multi- and interdisciplinary studies that address the inter-connecting stressors experienced at lagoons and studies of multiple lagoons. Studies also tend to be problem-focused with solutions rarely presented, limiting their applicability to inform management practices.
Natural Teleology in John Locke’s Ethics
Authors: Zorzi Graedon 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAccording to some of the past half-century’s most influential critics of liberalism, John Locke is the pivotal subverter of the pre-modern ethical tradition. Locke’s view of nature and of human nature, the story goes, divorced ethics from natural teleology and so set off an inevitable spiral downward into moral dissolution. This story about Locke remains influential even though the last fifty years of Locke scholarship have brought a cascade of studies treating Locke as operating within the tradition of Reformed natural law. These studies, in part because they embrace a distorted view of Locke’s conception of the person, have failed to address satisfactorily the crux of the story told by the critics of liberalism. This article corrects that distortion and demonstrates how natural teleology operates within Locke’s ethics. I show how Locke sought to identify the teleological ordering of human beings to the supreme good by developing a relational conception of the person, analysing the human being as embedded in and defined by a web of relationships including neighbour and God. The result is a Locke far more in continuity with pre-modern ethical approaches than has hitherto been realized, one who sought to preserve natural teleology for the modern world.
Introduction to Everyday Internationalism: Socialist–South Connections and Mass Culture during the Cold War
Authors: Bodie George 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis Special Issue brings together scholars working in a variety of contexts to explore the concepts of solidarity and socialist internationalism as a mass phenomenon. While recent scholarship has begun to document linkages between the socialist and (post)colonial world during the Cold War, most of this work has eschewed a focus on the mass, social experience of internationalism, instead emphasizing the transformative role played by small groups of mobile elites. But if the direct experience of socialist internationalism was limited to a privileged few, how then was it experienced by the majority, for whom actual travel outside of their state was a distant possibility? This issue explores how socialist internationalism and its attendant practices of solidarity functioned within and between socialist societies. Where it does take border-transcending groups as its subject, it explores the socio-historical, everyday implications of this transnational story. For much of the Cold War, state and party-led practices of internationalism were a central component of everyday life, but little is known about these practices as they manifested on the ground. To shed light on this, this Special Issue explores how depictions of solidarity manifested in mass culture; how everyday practices emerged out of socialist internationalism and anti-imperialism; and how institutions that sought to bridge gaps between societies through solidarity emerged and then transformed or disappeared after 1989.
Herbage responses and animal performance of nitrogen-fertilized grass and grass-legume grazing systems
Authors: Pereira Neto Jose Diogenes , Dubeux Jose Carlos Batista , Ferreira dos Santos Mércia Virginia , da Silva Santos Erick Rodrigo , Bretas Igor Lima , Jaramillo David M. , Ruiz-Moreno Martin , Rodrigues da Cruz Priscila Junia , Dantas Queiroz Luana Mayara , Tembe Oduor Kenneth , Araujo Bernardini Marilia 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe study evaluated forage and livestock performance in different grazing systems over two years. Treatments were three contrasting grazing systems: (I) N-fertilized bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Flüggé) in the summer overseeded during the winter by N-fertilized ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) and oat (Avena sativa L.) (Grass + N); (II) unfertilized bahiagrass during the summer overseeded with ryegrass + oat and a blend of clovers (Trifolium spp.) in the winter (Grass + Clover); (III) unfertilized bahiagrass and rhizoma peanut (RP; Arachis glabrata Benth.) mixture during summer, overseeded during winter by ryegrass + oat + clovers mixture (Grass + Clover + RP). Average daily gain (ADG), gain per area (GPA), and stocking rate (SR) in the winter did not differ across treatments and averaged 0.87 kg/d (P = 0.940), 303 kg/ha, and 2.72 AU/ha. In the summer, Grass + Clover + RP had greater ADG than Grass + N (0.34 vs. 0.17 kg/d, respectively). During the summer, the GPA of Grass + Clover + RP was superior to Grass + N (257 vs. 129 kg/ha, respectively), with no difference in SR among treatments at 3.19 AU/ha. Over the entire year, ADG and GPA tended to be greater for Grass + Clover + RP. Annual SR differed between treatments, where Grass + N was greater (3.37 AU/ha) than the other treatments, which averaged 2.76 AU/ha. Integration of legumes into pasture systems in the summer and winter contributes to developing a sustainable grazing system, reducing N fertilizer use by 85% while tending to increase livestock productivity even though SR was decreased by 18%.
A survey involving secondary students with dyslexia studying Latin or a modern foreign language
Authors: Burbank Dora 
Published: February 2024

AbstractResearch in the academic field of Latin and dyslexia is sparse, often outdated, and largely consists of teachers' informal observations, thus lacking empirical evidence. This mixed-methods study aims to address a gap in the literature, exploring the experiences of secondary students with dyslexia learning Latin, French, or Spanish while examining the relationships between dyslexia and examination results in those languages. After purposive sampling, semi-structured interviews with seven dyslexic students, aged 16 to 29, were conducted and 349 GCSE and IB grades, of which 51 were of dyslexic students, were collected from two secondary schools. Reflexive thematic analysis of the interviews revealed seven themes: accessibility, benefits, challenges and barriers, class size, methods and strategies, motivation, and strengths. The results of three chi-square tests showed no significant association for Latin or Spanish, but a significant association between dyslexia and examination results in French. Whereas positive learning experiences for students with dyslexia hinged on the appropriate teaching method and the perceived support rather than the language per se, higher exam achievements were also dependent on the level of orthographic transparency but not on the degree of orality of the language learnt. Future research in the field should explore the experiences and achievements of students at different educational stages and with different learning difficulties doing Latin.
Direct Detection of Ongoing Magnetic Reconnection at Mercury's High‐Latitude Magnetopause
Authors: Wang Rongsheng , Cheng Zihang , Slavin James A. , Lu Quanming , Raines Jim , Lu San , Guo Jin , Gonzalez Walter 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAn ongoing magnetic reconnection event was detected in the Mercury's high latitude magnetopause during a northward interplanetary magnetic field. The reconnection X‐line region was revealed in the Mercury's magnetopause based on the encountered flux ropes ejected away from this region both planetward and tailward. A series of magnetic flux ropes, known as flux transfer event shower were observed tailward of this X‐line region. These flux ropes were probably expanding and deflected as they were ejected away tailward from the X‐line region. Large‐amplitude variations in all three components of the magnetic field and a few small‐scale flux ropes were observed inside the X‐line region, which could be the seed of the flux rope shower at the magnetopause. The observations suggest that magnetic reconnection is highly dynamic and persistent in Mercury's magnetosphere.
Anthropogenic Influence on Tropospheric Reactive Bromine Since the Pre‐industrial: Implications for Arctic Ice‐Core Bromine Trends
Authors: Zhai Shuting , McConnell Joseph R. , Chellman Nathan , Legrand Michel , Opel Thomas , Meyer Hanno , Jaeglé Lyatt , Confer Kaitlyn , Fujita Koji , Wang Xuan , Alexander Becky 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTropospheric reactive bromine (Bry) influences the oxidation capacity of the atmosphere by acting as a sink for ozone and nitrogen oxides. Aerosol acidity plays a crucial role in Bry abundances through acid‐catalyzed debromination from sea‐salt‐aerosol, the largest global source. Bromine concentrations in a Russian Arctic ice‐core, Akademii Nauk, show a 3.5‐fold increase from pre‐industrial (PI) to the 1970s (peak acidity, PA), and decreased by half to 1999 (present day, PD). Ice‐core acidity mirrors this trend, showing robust correlation with bromine, especially after 1940 (r = 0.9). Model simulations considering anthropogenic emission changes alone show that atmospheric acidity is the main driver of Bry changes, consistent with the observed relationship between acidity and bromine. The influence of atmospheric acidity on Bry should be considered in interpretation of ice‐core bromine trends.
Machine Learning Emulation of Subgrid‐Scale Orographic Gravity Wave Drag in a General Circulation Model With Middle Atmosphere Extension
Authors: Lu Yixiong , Xu Xin , Wang Lin , Liu Yiming , Wu Tongwen , Jie Weihua , Sun Jian 
Published: February 2024

AbstractGravity wave parameterizations contribute to uncertainties in middle atmosphere modeling. To investigate the potential for using machine learning to represent atmospheric gravity waves and the impact of implementing such schemes in a general circulation model (GCM), we train a random forest (RF) emulator on outputs from an existing complex parameterization scheme for orographic gravity wave drag (GWD). The performance of the RF emulator is then evaluated with a focus on stratospheric climatology and variability in climate simulations from the middle atmosphere resolving Beijing Climate Center Atmospheric Circulation Model. In offline tests, the predicted orographic GWD by the RF agrees remarkably well with the target GWD throughout the troposphere and the middle atmosphere. The RF emulator can reproduce the observed climatology of zonal‐mean wind and air temperature in the GCM simulation, as well as its target scheme. Compared to the target orographic GWD parameterization scheme, the RF emulator can reproduce the breakdown of the polar vortex in the Southern Hemisphere stratosphere. This study demonstrates the feasibility of using machine learning to emulate parameterized orographic GWD for modeling the stratosphere with a GCM.
Night eating in timing, frequency, and food quality and risks of all-cause, cancer, and diabetes mortality: findings from national health and nutrition examination survey
Authors: Wang Peng , Tan Qilong , Zhao Yaxuan , Zhao Jingwen , Zhang Yuzhu , Shi Dan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Objective
To investigate the association of timing, frequency, and food quality of night eating with all-cause, cancer, and diabetes mortality.

Methods
This study included 41,744 participants from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2002–2018). Night eating information was collected by 24-h dietary recall and the exposures were timing, frequency, and food quality of night eating. Food quality was assessed by latent class analysis. The outcomes were all-cause, cancer, and diabetes mortality, which were identified by the National Death Index and the International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision. Adjusted hazard ratios [aHR] with 95% confidence intervals [CI] were computed by Cox regression.

Results
During a median follow-up of 8.7 years, 6066 deaths were documented, including 1381 from cancer and 206 from diabetes. Compared with no night eating (eating before 22:00), the later timing of night eating was associated with higher risk of all-cause and diabetes mortality (each P-trend <0.05) rather than cancer mortality, with the highest risk of eating being 00:00–1:00 (aHR 1.38, 95% CI 1.02–1.88) and being 23:00–00:00 (aHR 2.31, 95% CI 1.21–4.40), respectively. However, the increased risks were not observed for 22:00-23:00. Likewise, one time or over frequency of night eating was associated with higher all-cause and diabetes mortality (each P < 0.05). That risks were further observed in high-dietary-energy-density group of night eating (all-cause mortality: aHR 1.21 [95% CI 1.06–1.38]; diabetes mortality: aHR 1.97 [95% CI 1.13–3.45]), but not in low-dietary-energy-density group. Finally, correlation analysis found positive associations of night eating with glycohemoglobin, fasting glucose, and OGTT.

Conclusions
Night eating was associated with increased all-cause, cancer and diabetes mortality; however, reduction of excess mortality risk was observed when eating before 23:00 or low-dietary-energy-density foods.
Fulvestrant and everolimus efficacy after CDK4/6 inhibitor: a prospective study with circulating tumor DNA analysis
Authors: Vasseur Antoine , Cabel Luc , Hego Caroline , Takka Wissam , Trabelsi Grati Olfa , Renouf Benjamin , Lerebours Florence , Loirat Delphine , Brain Etienne , Cottu Paul , Sablin Marie-Paule , Pierga Jean-Yves , Callens Céline , Renault Shufang , Bidard François-Clément 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn a prospective study (NCT02866149), we assessed the efficacy of fulvestrant and everolimus in CDK4/6i pre-treated mBC patients and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) changes throughout therapy. Patients treated with fulvestrant and everolimus had their ctDNA assessed at baseline, after 3–5 weeks and at disease progression. Somatic mutations were identified in archived tumor tissues by targeted NGS and tracked in cell-free DNA by droplet digital PCR. ctDNA detection was then associated with clinicopathological characteristics and patients’ progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) and best overall response (BOR). In the 57 included patients, median PFS and OS were 6.8 (95%CI [5.03–11.5]) and 38.2 (95%CI [30.0-not reached]) months, respectively. In 47 response-evaluable patients, BOR was a partial response or stable disease in 15 (31.9%) and 11 (23.4%) patients, respectively. Among patients with trackable somatic mutation and available plasma sample, N = 33/47 (70.2%) and N = 19/36 (52.8%) had ctDNA detected at baseline and at 3 weeks, respectively. ctDNA detection at baseline and PIK3CA mutation had an adverse prognostic impact on PFS and OS in multivariate analysis. This prospective cohort study documents the efficacy of fulvestrant and everolimus in CDK4/6i-pretreated ER + /HER2- mBC and highlights the clinical validity of early ctDNA changes as pharmacodynamic biomarker.
Estrogen signaling in the dorsal raphe regulates binge-like drinking in mice
Authors: Torres Irizarry Valeria C. , Feng Bing , Yang Xiaohua , Patel Nirali , Schaul Sarah , Ibrahimi Lucas , Ye Hui , Luo Pei , Carrillo-Sáenz Leslie , Lai Penghua , Kota Maya , Dixit Devin , Wang Chunmei , Lasek Amy W. , He Yanlin , Xu Pingwen 
Published: February 2024

AbstractEstrogens promote binge alcohol drinking and contribute to sex differences in alcohol use disorder. However, the mechanisms are largely unknown. This study aims to test if estrogens act on 5-hydroxytryptamine neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus (5-HTDRN) to promote binge drinking. We found that female mice drank more alcohol than male mice in chronic drinking in the dark (DID) tests. This sex difference was associated with distinct alterations in mRNA expression of estrogen receptor α (ERα) and 5-HT-related genes in the DRN, suggesting a potential role of estrogen/ERs/5-HT signaling. In supporting this view, 5-HTDRN neurons from naïve male mice had lower baseline firing activity but higher sensitivity to alcohol-induced excitation compared to 5-HTDRN neurons from naïve female mice. Notably, this higher sensitivity was blunted by 17β-estradiol treatment in males, indicating an estrogen-dependent mechanism. We further showed that both ERα and ERβ are expressed in 5-HTDRN neurons, whereas ERα agonist depolarizes and ERβ agonist hyperpolarizes 5-HTDRN neurons. Notably, both treatments blocked the stimulatory effects of alcohol on 5-HTDRN neurons in males, even though they have antagonistic effects on the activity dynamics. These results suggest that ERs’ inhibitory effects on ethanol-induced burst firing of 5-HTDRN neurons may contribute to higher levels of binge drinking in females. Consistently, chemogenetic activation of ERα- or ERβ-expressing neurons in the DRN reduced binge alcohol drinking. These results support a model in which estrogens act on ERα/β to prevent alcohol-induced activation of 5-HTDRN neurons, which in return leads to higher binge alcohol drinking.
Nickel-catalyzed electrophiles-controlled enantioselective reductive arylative cyclization and enantiospecific reductive alkylative cyclization of 1,6-enynes
Authors: Liu Wenfeng , Xing Yunxin , Yan Denghong , Kong Wangqing , Shen Kun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTransition metal-catalyzed asymmetric cyclization of 1,6-enynes is a powerful tool for the construction of chiral nitrogen-containing heterocycles. Despite notable achievements, these transformations have been largely limited to the use of aryl or alkenyl metal reagents, and stereoselective or stereospecific alkylative cyclization of 1,6-enynes remains unexploited. Herein, we report Ni-catalyzed enantioselective reductive anti-arylative cyclization of 1,6-enynes with aryl iodides, providing enantioenriched six-membered carbo- and heterocycles in good yields with excellent enantioselectivities. Additionally, we have realized Ni-catalyzed enantiospecific reductive cis-alkylative cyclization of 1,6-enynes with alkyl bromides, furnishing chiral five-membered heterocycles with high regioselectivity and stereochemical fidelity. Mechanistic studies reveal that the arylative cyclization of 1,6-enynes is initiated by the oxidative addition of Ni(0) to aryl halides and the alkylative cyclization is triggered by the oxidative addition of Ni(0) to allylic acetates. The utility of this strategy is further demonstrated in the enantioselective synthesis of the antiepileptic drug Brivaracetam.
Impact of population aging on future temperature-related mortality at different global warming levels
Authors: Chen Kai , de Schrijver Evan , Sivaraj Sidharth , Sera Francesco , Scovronick Noah , Jiang Leiwen , Roye Dominic , Lavigne Eric , Kyselý Jan , Urban Aleš , Schneider Alexandra , Huber Veronika , Madureira Joana , Mistry Malcolm N. , Cvijanovic Ivana ,   MCC Collaborative Research Network, Armstrong Ben , Schneider Rochelle , Tobias Aurelio , Astrom Christofer , Guo Yuming , Honda Yasushi , Abrutzky Rosana , Tong Shilu , de Sousa Zanotti Stagliorio Coelho Micheline , Saldiva Paulo Hilario Nascimento , Correa Patricia Matus , Ortega Nicolás Valdés , Kan Haidong , Osorio Samuel , Orru Hans , Indermitte Ene , Jaakkola Jouni J. K. , Ryti Niilo , Pascal Mathilde , Katsouyanni Klea , Analitis Antonis , Mayvaneh Fatemeh , Entezari Alireza , Goodman Patrick , Zeka Ariana , Michelozzi Paola , de’Donato Francesca , Hashizume Masahiro , Alahmad Barrak , Diaz Magali Hurtado , De la Cruz Valencia César , Overcenco Ala , Houthuijs Danny , Ameling Caroline , Rao Shilpa , Carrasco-Escobar Gabriel , Seposo Xerxes , da Silva Susana Pereira , Holobaca Iulian Horia , Acquaotta Fiorella , Kim Ho , Lee Whanhee , Íñiguez Carmen , Forsberg Bertil , Ragettli Martina S. , Guo Yue-Liang Leon , Pan Shih-Chun , Li Shanshan , Colistro Valentina , Zanobetti Antonella , Schwartz Joel , Dang Tran Ngoc , Van Dung Do , Carlsen Hanne Krage , Cauchi John Paul , Achilleos Souzana , Raz Raanan , Gasparrini Antonio , Vicedo-Cabrera Ana M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractOlder adults are generally amongst the most vulnerable to heat and cold. While temperature-related health impacts are projected to increase with global warming, the influence of population aging on these trends remains unclear. Here we show that at 1.5 °C, 2 °C, and 3 °C of global warming, heat-related mortality in 800 locations across 50 countries/areas will increase by 0.5%, 1.0%, and 2.5%, respectively; among which 1 in 5 to 1 in 4 heat-related deaths can be attributed to population aging. Despite a projected decrease in cold-related mortality due to progressive warming alone, population aging will mostly counteract this trend, leading to a net increase in cold-related mortality by 0.1%–0.4% at 1.5–3 °C global warming. Our findings indicate that population aging constitutes a crucial driver for future heat- and cold-related deaths, with increasing mortality burden for both heat and cold due to the aging population.
Volcano generated tsunami recorded in the near source
Authors: Ripepe M. , Lacanna G. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractVolcano sector collapse and pyroclastic density currents are common phenomena on active volcanoes and potentially a fatal source of tsunami waves which constitute a serious hazard for local as well as distant coastal population. Several examples in recent history, warn us on the urgent need to improve our mitigation counter-actions when tsunamis have volcanic origin. However, instrumental record of tsunami generated by mass movement along a volcano flank are still rare and not well understood yet. Small tsunamis (≤1 m) induced by pyroclastic density currents associated to violent explosions of Stromboli volcano were recorded in near-source conditions (<1.6 km). We show how tsunami waveform remains unaltered regardless of the two orders of variability in the landslide volume and dynamics. This unprecedented record is also providing the lesson to develop unconventional warning strategies necessary when the tsunamigenic source is expected to be very close (<10 minutes) to densely populated coasts and with a limited time to issue an alert based on simulation of wave propagation and inundation.