bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Current use of chemotheraphy for head and neck cacer
Authors: Morton Randall P. 
Published: November 2007

SummaryA postal survey of 100 members of the Association of Head and Neck Oncologists of Great Britain was conducted in the first 6 months of 1983. The sample consisted principally of Otolaryngologists (50 per cent), Radiotherapists (14 per cent), Medical Oncologists (10 per cent), Oral Surgeons (10 per cent) and Plastic Surgeons (10 per cent). More than 80 per cent of those who completed the questionnaire used chemotherapy for Head and Neck cancer (72 per cent used it for palliation, and 64 per cent as part of combined modality therapy). There was great variation in the chemotherapeutic regimens used by the various responders. Furthermore, most responders used more than one regimen. Methotrexate was the agent most frequently used. No specific regimen, either single-agent or multiple-agent, enjoyed universal acceptance, although the combination of Vincristine, Bleomycin and Methotrexate was popular. Chemotherapy was thought by most responders to have a useful but as yet undefined place in the management of Head and Neck cancer. This survey underlines the need for prospective, controlled, clinical trials into the efficacy of cytotoxic chemotherapy for Head and Neck cancer.
Dynamics of swallowing in tetanus
Authors: Watanabe Hiroshi , Makishima Kazumi , Arima Toshio , Mitsuyama Shoshu 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAn 82-year-old man developed an uncommon type of swallowing disturbance with tetanus. Initially, he could masticate his food but could not pass it into the esophagus. The mechanism of swallowing in this patient was studied radiologically and endoscopically. The disturbance in the second stage of deglutition was associated predominantly with his advanced age and the slow clinical progress of the tetanus. The patient was cured by treating the disease.
Hearing in acromegaly
Authors: Doig J. A. , Gatehouse S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractFifty-six individuals with acromegaly referred for pituitary surgery were studied to determine any relationship between acromegaly and sensorineural or conductive hearing loss. Compared to a matched population control sample, no significant difference between the acromegalics and controls has been found, either for air conduction or for bone conduction. The differences between these findings and those published previously are discussed, and reasons proposed to explain the discrepancies.
A controlled trial of acupuncture in tinnitus
Authors: Marks N. J. , Emery P. , Onisiphorou C. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe relationship of tinnitus to pain is examined and a theoretical case made out for the possible use of acupuncture in the treatment of tinnitus. A double-blind cross-over controlled trial is described. The use of Visual Analogue Scales (V.A.S.) is discussed in this context. 35 per cent of patients described some benefit from the active treatment only, although we were unable to demonstrate this objectively. Statistical analysis of the group as a whole revealed no significant differences between placebo and active acupuncture treatment.
A small osteoma of the frontal sinus causing headaches
Authors: Leiberman A. , Tovi F. 
Published: November 2007

SummaryOsteomas of the frontal sinus are usually symptomless. When they enlarge they may produce pressure symptoms such as headaches. Small osteomas developing near the fronto-ethmoidal duct may interfere with the patency of the duct and impair the aeration of the sinus. This is a report of a case in which a small osteoma was found to be the cause of severe chronic headaches.
Acid posterior laryngitis
Authors: Kambič V. , Radšel Zora 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe authors have treated 44 patients with posterior chronic acid laryngitis. Biopsy was performed in all patients. Characteristic changes typical of the hyperregenerative or atrophic phase of reflux oesophagitis were identified in all specimens. Gastric hypersecretion was proven in all but two patients. The aetio-logic factors of acid posterior laryngitis are gastro-oesophageal reflux, with friction of both vocal processes during phonation and vocal abuse. The preferred therapy is removal of circumscribed lesions with a suitable medical regimen.
Keratin antibody localization in head and neck tissues and neoplasms
Authors: Shi Shan-Rong , Bhan Atul K. , Pilch Ben Z. , Chen Lan Bo , Goodman Max L. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractImmunohistochemical staining for keratin proteins may be useful as a diagnostic parameter in head and neck neoplasms. Our study evaluates the keratin antibody staining properties of normal tissues as well as neoplastic and non-neoplastic head and neck lesions from surgical procedures performed on 100 patients. The results indicate that the anti-keratin antibody technique can be helpful in several areas of head and neck pathology.
Cryosurgical treatment of endolymphatic hydrops
Authors: Horowitz M. , Floods L. M. , Hampal S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractCryosurgery of the labyrinth, as a treatment of endolymphatic hydrops, was initially greeted with considerable enthusiasm, but has latterly received little publicity. That it still has a valuable role is demonstrated by this study of 69 patients who underwent labyrinthine cryosurgery over a 16 year period. Complete relief from vertigo has been achieved in 71 per cent of cases and morbidity has been minimized by the precautions outlined. The literature is reviewed to demonstrate the superiority of the transmastoid approach, the evolution of the technique and experimental evidence for the supposed mode of action.
Late onset Cogan's syndrome
Authors: Fidler H. , Jones N. S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPrevious reports describe Cogan's syndrome occurring in young adults this case shows that it can be diagnosed in an older patient, and that prompt treatment is often successful, making it a worthwhile diagnosis to consider in patients with sudden hearing loss. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate was a useful marker for disease activity in this patient.
Wegener's granulomatosis: false positive anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody test
Authors: Mains Brian 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (A.N.C.A.) test is a solid phase radioimmunoassay which detects autoantibodies specific for Wegener's granulomatosis. The case of a young male is reported with a nasal septal perforation who was extensively investigated revealing no other clinical features, apart from a positive A.N.C.A. test, warranting a diagnosis of Wegener's granulomatosis. It is felt the case represents a false positive A.N.C.A. test and emphasises that the test, whilst useful, should be interpreted in the context of other diagnostic criteria.
Meningioma of the internal auditory canal with extension into the vestibule
Authors: Ishikawa Norihiko , Komatsuzaki Atsushi , Tokano Hisashi 
Published: November 2007

AbstractMeningiomas account for approximately 18 to 19 per cent of all brain tumours. Although they can arise in numerous locations, meningiomas of the internal auditory canal (IAC) are rare. Most tumours that originate in the IAC are schwannomas of the Vilith cranial nerve (acoustic neuromas). We report a case of a meningioma which appears to originate from the IAC and extends into the vestibule. The clinical findings and the radiographical features of meningiomas of the IAC are similar to those of acoustic neuromas. Pre-operative differentiation between acoustic neuromas and meningiomas of the IAC may be difficult.
Pituitary adenomas with infra-sellar extension into the nasopharynx
Authors: Godey Benoit , Morandi Xavier , Le Gall François , Feat Stephane , Brassier Gilles , Le Clech Guy 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThree cases of pituitary adenomas with infra-sellar extension into the nasopharynx and the nasal cavities are reported. The clinical signs were epistaxis, nasal obstruction, painful sinuses and purulent rhinorrhoea. The initial diagnostic hypothesis was that of a carcinoma of the nasopharynx or the sinuses in all three cases. The diagnosis was made by histological examination and measurement of plasma hormone levels. These cases highlight the difficulty in the diagnosis of such tumours due to their misleading clinical, radiological and histological features.
Experimental studies on traumatic facial nerve injury
Authors: Cai Zhigang , Yu Guangyan , Ma Daquan , Tan Jing , Yang Zhaohui , Zhang Xiaoming 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPurpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the outcome of different injuries to the facial nerve.Materials and methods Six patterns of injuries (exposure, compression, crushing, stretching, division and post-division anastomosis) were produced in the buccal branches of the facial nerve in 60 rabbits. Electroneuronography (ENoG) and histology at definite time were used to evaluate the results.Results and conclusions Exposure and compression injuries produced a neuropraxic injury and rapid recovery. Crushing and stretching injuries resulted in axonotmesis and whilst complete recovery can take place it may be very slow. Division and post-division anastomosis fall into neurotmesis injury and do not completely recover within six months; the former recovers slower and later than the latter.
Chondroma of the external auditory canal
Authors: Johnson I. J. M. , Tadpatrikar M. H. , Sharp J. F. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractChondroma, a benign tumour which is common at many sites in the body, has not been reported in the English literature in the bony external auditory canal. The first such case at this anatomical site is described and the pathogenesis is considered.
Soft tissue chondroma of the parapharyngeal space: a case report
Authors: Wang De-Hui , Guan Xi-li , Xiao Li-feng , Zhang Xiao-peng , Chen Mao-guo , Sun Ke-min 
Published: November 2007

AbstractBenign chondroma affecting the soft tissues is uncommon. This tumour is particularly rare in the neck. We present the first case of soft tissue chondroma arising in the parapharyngeal space of a 20-year-old man with a two-year history of a gradual sensation of a swelling in the pharynx with increasing snoring. The CT and pathological features of this lesion will be discussed. We suggest that a peroral approach should be considered for benign parapharyngeal tumour which has been demonstrated on imaging to be in the anterior parapharyngeal space, especially for tumours that are medial to the pterygoid muscles even though the tumour is a large one.
Management of saddle nose deformity in atrophic rhinitis
Authors: Baser Brajendra , Grewal D. S. , Hiranandani N. L. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractCorrection of a saddle nose deformity due to atrophic rhinitis is a formidable task. The thick and puckered skin secondary to long standing disease makes the creation of a dorsal subdermal pocket difficult. On the one hand, these patients tolerate synthetic implants poorly and on the other they show an unusually high rate of absorption of autologous bone graft. Our experience of treating 15 patients with saddle nose defor mity secondary to atrophic rhinitis is presented.
How safe is submucosal diathermy?
Authors: Premachandra D. J. , Bull T. R. , Mackay I. S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractSubmucosal diathermy (SMD) is a common surgical procedure carried out to improve the nasal airway. A case is presented in which it was followed by profuse epistaxis which required transfusion of 28 units of blood, eight units of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) and four units of platelets within 14 days.
Radio-necrosis of the temporal bone presenting as cerebellopontine angle lesion
Authors: Small M. , Hariri M. A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe report a case of osteoradionecrosis of the temporal bone which presented with symptoms and signs of cerebellopontine angle lesion. The clinical, radiological, histological and bacteriological findings are reported. The occurrence of osteoradionecrosis of the temporal bone and the factors which predispose to it are discussed with particular emphasis on the time lapse between radiotherapy and its development. This presentation has not previously been reported.
Sinolith in the ethmoid sinus
Authors: Kanzaki S , Sakamoto Michiie 
Published: November 2007

We report a case of sinolith in the left ethmoid sinus of a 61-year-old man. The patient complained of nasal obstruction. Computed tomography revealed a small, calcified mass associated with a nasal polyp in the left ethmoid sinus. The antrolith and polyp were removed via endoscopic sinus surgery. Histopathological analysis of the antrolith revealed it to be bone-like in formation. The antrolith was about 1 cm in diameter. Infrared spectroscopy revealed that the antrolith contained protein (45 per cent), calcium phosphate (43 per cent) and calcium carbonate (12 per cent).
The Ignored Elites: Turks, Mongols and a Persian Secretarial Class in the Early Delhi Sultanate
Authors: KUMAR SUNIL 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe consolidation of the Delhi Sultanate coincided with the Mongol devastation of Transoxiana, Iran and Afghanistan. This paper studies the Persian literature of the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries invested as it was in the projection of the court of the Delhi Sultans as the ‘sanctuary of Islam’, where the Muslim community was safe from the marauding infidel Mongols. The binaries on which the qualities of the accursed Mongols and the monolithic Muslim community were framed ignored the fact that a large number of Sultanate elites and monarchs were of Turkish/Mongol ethnicity or had a history of prior service in their armed contingents. While drawing attention to the narrative strategies deployed by Sultanate chroniclers to obscure the humble frontier origins of its lords and masters, my paper also elaborates on steppe traditions and rituals prevalent in early-fourteenth-century Delhi. All of these underlined the heterogeneity of Muslim Sultanate society and politics in the capital, a complexity that the Persian litterateurs were loath to acknowledge in their records.
Mortality in offspring of mothers with psychotic disorder
Authors: Suvisaari J. , Häkkinen L. , Haukka J. , Lönnqvist J. 
Published: November 2007

BackgroundPrevious studies suggest that offspring of mothers with psychotic disorders have an almost two-fold higher mortality risk from birth until early adulthood. We investigated predictors of mortality from late adolescence until middle age in offspring of mothers with psychotic disorders.MethodThe Helsinki High-Risk Study follows up offspring (n=337) of women treated for schizophrenia spectrum disorders in mental hospitals in Helsinki before 1975. Factors related to mortality up to 2005 among offspring of these mothers was investigated with a survival model. Hazard rate ratios (HRR) were calculated using sex, diagnosis of psychotic disorder, childhood socio-economic status, maternal diagnosis, and maternal suicide attempts and aggressive symptoms as explanatory variables. The effect of family was investigated by including a frailty term in the model. We also compared mortality between the high-risk group and the Finnish general population.ResultsWithin the high-risk group, females had lower all-cause mortality (HRR 0.43,p=0.05) and mortality from unnatural causes (HRR 0.24,p=0.03) than males. Having themselves been diagnosed with a psychotic disorder was associated with higher mortality from unnatural causes (HRR 4.76,p=0.01), while maternal suicide attempts were associated with higher suicide mortality (HRR 8.64,p=0.03). Mortality in the high-risk group was over two-fold higher (HRR 2.44,p<0.0001) than in the general population, and remained significantly higher when high-risk offspring who later developed psychotic disorders were excluded from the study sample (HRR 2.30,p<0.0001).ConclusionsOffspring of mothers with psychotic disorder are at increased risk of several adverse outcomes, including premature death.
Evaluation of the impact on human salmonellosis of control measures targeted to Salmonella Enteritidis and Typhimurium in poultry breeding using time-series analysis and intervention models in France
Authors: POIRIER E. , WATIER L. , ESPIE E. , WEILL F.-X. , VALK H. DE , DESENCLOS J.-C. 
Published: November 2007

SUMMARYIn France, salmonellosis is the main cause of foodborne bacterial infection with serotypes Enteritis (SE) and Typhimurium (ST) accounting for 70% of all cases. French authorities implemented a national control programme targeting SE and ST in poultry and eggs from October 1998 onwards. A 33% decrease in salmonellosis has been observed since implementation. We designed an evaluation of the impact of this control programme on SE and ST human infections in France. Using monthly Salmonella human isolate reports to the National Reference Centre we defined two intervention series (SE and ST) and one control series comprising serotypes not know to be associated with poultry or eggs. The series, from 1992 to 2003, were analysed using autoregressive moving average models (ARMA). To test the hypothesis of a reduction of SE and ST human cases >0 after the programme started and to estimate its size, we introduced an intervention model to the ARMA modelling. In contrast to the control series, we found an annual reduction of 555 (95% CI 148–964) SE and of 492 (95% CI 0–1092) ST human infections, representing respectively a 21% and 18% decrease. For SE, the decrease occurred sharply after implementation while for ST, it followed a progressive decrease that started early in 1998. Our study, suggests a true relation between the Salmonella control programme and the subsequent decrease observed for the two targeted serotypes. For ST, however, the decrease prior to the intervention may also reflect control measures implemented earlier by the cattle and milk industry.
The reduplicative template in Tonkawa
Authors: Gouskova Maria 
Published: November 2007

Generalised Template Theory holds that templatic restrictions on reduplicative morphemes follow from independent, general principles. Under lexically indexed constraint theory, however, reduplicants are in no way special – morpheme-specific constraints may apply just to reduplicants. This article presents reduplication patterns in Tonkawa, which are argued to require reduplicant-specific constraints. In Tonkawa, the reduplicant is limited in size to CV, and is usually syllabified as a light syllable. Even though the language typically prefers heavy syllables word-initially, they are light if the syllable is a reduplicative prefix. This size restriction is backcopied onto the first syllable of the base. In the context of the prosodic phonology of Tonkawa, this pattern can only be understood if there is a reduplicant-specific prohibition against heavy syllables. This prohibition is formulated in terms of lexically indexed constraints on the reduplicant, which allows for a nuanced understanding of the emergent CV template.
What the GRM brought to music: from musique concrète to acousmatic music
Authors: Battier Marc 
Published: November 2007

AbstractSixty years ago, musique concrète was born of the single-handed efforts of one man, Pierre Schaeffer. How did the first experiments become a School and produce so many rich works? As this issue of Organised Sound addresses various aspects of the GRM activities throughout sixty years of musical adventure, this article discusses the musical thoughts behind the advent and the development of the music created and theoretised at the Paris School formed by the Schaefferian endeavours. Particular attention is given to the early twentieth-century conceptions of musical sounds and how poets, artists and musicians were expressing their quest for, as Apollinaire put it, ‘new sounds new sounds new sounds’. The questions of naming, gesture, sound capture, processing and diffusion are part of the concepts thoroughly revisited by the GRMC, then the GRM in 1958, up to what is known as acousmatic music. Other contributions, such as Teruggi's, give readers insight into the technical environments and innovations that took place at the GRM. This present article focuses on the remarkable unity of the GRM. This unity has existed alongside sixty years of activity and dialogue with researchers of other fields and constant attention to the latter-day scientific, technological and philosophical ideas which have had a strong influence in shaping the development of GRM over the course of its history.
Technology and musique concrète: the technical developments of the Groupe de Recherches Musicales and their implication in musical composition
Authors: Teruggi Daniel 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWhen studying the history and evolution of the GRM, one of its outstanding features has been its continuous energy dedicated to developing machines, systems and, in recent years, software that would better serve composers' views and intentions. Unique discoveries were made that have become the fundamental concepts of sound manipulation and have influenced researchers and developers in the conception of new, but always somehow faithful to the original, tools for composition. Many steps pave this road, some are known and recognised, others were necessary failures that permitted inventors to re-focus and realise their thoughts.
Analytical commentaries of Les voix de Pierre Schaeffer by Christian Zanési
Authors: Mion Philippe 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThis article presents a detailed analysis of Christian Zanesi's work, Arkhéion, Les voix de Pierre Schaeffer. The main structuring ideas as well as a description of the materials used is presented, thus stressing the opposition between horizontal and vertical trends in time. The presence of the voice of Pierre Schaeffer gives the work a particular introspection through its relation to the life of Schaeffer and his ideas.
The transmission dynamics of syphilis and the CDC’s elimination plan
Authors: Breban Romulus , Supervie Virginie , Okano Justin , Vardavas Raffaele , Blower Sally 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe Centers for Disease Control (CDC) is currently attempting to eliminate syphilis in the United States (US); to ensure that their control strategies will be effective it is important to understand the transmission dynamics of syphilis. Epidemics of certain infectious diseases (e.g., influenza) can rise and fall with a well-defined periodicity; this cycling behavior is important because it can have significant implications for the design and effectiveness of control strategies. Here we discuss the methodology that has been used to identify epidemic cycles in longitudinal data sets, and the endogenous and exogenous mechanisms that generate cycling. We then examine the recently proposed hypothesis that syphilis epidemics cycle. This hypothesis was proposed based upon the results of a spectral analysis of a longitudinal data set that had been collected by the (CDC), and the analysis of a syphilis transmission model. We use spectral analysis to reanalyze the CDC’s data set, as well as to analyze a longitudinal mortality data set provided by the CDC. We also use published transmission models to predict the expected dynamics of syphilis epidemics. In contrast to the previous findings we find that: (i) that neither of the CDC’s data sets provide compelling evidence that syphilis epidemics cycle and (ii) published transmission models predict that syphilis epidemics should monotonically decrease (as a function of the treatment rate) rather than cycle. We explain the reasons why previous authors had proposed that syphilis epidemics cycle. Finally, we discuss the implications of our findings regarding the transmission dynamics of syphilis for the CDC’s elimination plan.