bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors influencing the intention to purchase health insurance: a study of Indian tobacco and alcohol consumers
Authors: Mishra Ashok , Jamshed Mohammed , Ahmad Asad , Garg Swati , Madsen Dag Øivind 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionThis study empirically investigates the attitude of tobacco and alcohol consumers towards health insurance purchase in India. The study aims to determine the factors which plays a significant role in determining the purchase intention of health insurance among tobacco and alcohol consumers.MethodsWe propose an extended theory of planned behavior (TPB) model comprising factors like attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavior control, perceived usefulness, perceived product risk, and intention to purchase. We collected responses from 420 tobacco and alcohol consumers through a Google Form link shared via different social media platforms. SPSS has been used to perform exploratory factor analysis, whereas AMOS has been used to validate the constructs, confirm the relationships among the variables, and analyze the data.ResultsThe analysis outcomes demonstrate that subjective norms, perceived product risk, and perceived behavioral control are the factors that have a positive and significant effect on health insurance purchase intention among consumers.DiscussionThis research offers valuable insights to the insurance sector, government officials, policymakers, and academicians. Insurance companies may consider the criteria analysed when creating policies to promote the expansion of the health insurance sector.
Long COVID outcomes following omicron wave in non-hospital population
Authors: Ruiyin Wang , Qi Jia , Tingting Wang , Yuqin Yan , Yan Jia , Kun Peng 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundThe persistence of symptoms or the development of new symptoms following a diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 has given rise to a multifaceted clinical condition referred to as “long COVID” (LC). The understanding of LC among China’s non-hospitalized population continues to be insufficient. This investigation was designed to evaluate the protracted consequences amongst this demographic, as well as to identify the associated risk factors.MethodsThis research constitutes a prospective cohort study focusing on non-hospitalized individuals, aged between 18 and 59, who have been positively diagnosed with COVID-19. Each participant was subjected to a sequence of questionnaire-based surveys, designed to evaluate symptoms as well as the status of depression and anxiety. A logistic regression model, adjusted for multiple variables, was employed to scrutinize the correlation between demographic elements, lifestyle attributes, and health-related risk factors in relation to conditions and symptoms post COVID-19 infection.ResultsA total of 706 individuals participated in the 3 months follow-up, with 620 continuing on to the 6 months follow-up. The median age was 35 (28, 43) years, and 597 (85%) are female. Upon follow-up, Compared with patients without LC, patients with LC have a higher proportion of females (420 (87%) vs. 177 (79%); p = 0.010), were older (35 (29, 44) years vs. 33 (27, 41) years; p = 0.010) and have more comorbidities. Out of all participants, 483 (68.4%) reported experiencing at least one symptom at the 3 months mark, while 49.7% reported symptoms persisting at the 6 months mark. At the 3 months follow-up, the most prevalent persistent symptoms were cough (46%), fatigue (38%), and shortness of breath (34%). By the 6 months follow-up, fatigue (25%), shortness of breath (22%), and sleep disorders (16%) were the most commonly reported symptoms. Anxiety and depression were consistently reported as prevalent symptoms throughout the follow-up period. Most patient symptoms fade over time, with the quickest decreases observed in cough (from 46 to 9%), expectoration (from 26 to 6.3%), smell disorder (from 16 to 3.9%), and taste disorder (from 18 to 3.5%). Male and those possessing advanced educational qualifications exhibit a decreased susceptibility to the sustained incidence of coughing. Conversely, older age and the presence of comorbidities were identified as risk factors for persistent fatigue and shortness of breath.ConclusionIn the after of COVID-19, it has been observed that the majority of patient symptoms tend to decrease over time. The primary residual symptoms noticed after a 6 month follow-up were fatigue, dyspnea, and sleep disturbances. However, it’s noteworthy that the risk factors associated with these symptoms exhibit subtle variations. Furthermore, psychological sequelae, namely depression and anxiety, are frequently reported among COVID-19 survivors.
Boosting teamwork between scrub nurses and neurosurgeons: exploring the value of a role-played hands-on, cadaver-free simulation and systematic review of the literature
Authors: de Laurentis Camilla , Pirillo David , Di Cristofori Andrea , Versace Alessandro , Calloni Tommaso , Trezza Andrea , Villa Valentina , Alberti Lucia , Baldo Angelo , Nicolosi Federico , Carrabba Giorgio , Giussani Carlo 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundRecently, non-technical skills (NTS) and teamwork in particular have been demonstrated to be essential in many jobs, in business as well as in medical specialties, including plastic, orthopedic, and general surgery. However, NTS and teamwork in neurosurgery have not yet been fully studied. We reviewed the relevant literature and designed a mock surgery to be used as a team-building activity specifically designed for scrub nurses and neurosurgeons.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review by searching PubMed (Medline) and CINAHL, including relevant articles in English published until 15 July 2023. Then, we proposed a pilot study consisting of a single-session, hands-on, and cadaver-free activity, based on role play. Scrub nurses were administered the SPLINTS (Scrub Practitioners’ List of Intraoperative Non-Technical Skills) rating form as a self-evaluation at baseline and 20–30 days after the simulation. During the experiment, surgeons and scrub nurses role-played as each other, doing exercises including a simulated glioma resection surgery performed on an advanced model of a cerebral tumor (Tumor Box, UpSurgeOn®) under an exoscope. At the end, every participant completed an evaluation questionnaire.ResultsA limited number of articles are available on the topic. This study reports one of the first neurosurgical team-building activities in the literature. All the participating scrub nurses and neurosurgeons positively evaluated the simulation developed on a roleplay. The use of a physical simulator seems an added value, as the tactile feedback given by the model further helps to understand the actual surgical job, more than only observing and assisting. The SPLINTS showed a statistically significant improvement not only in “Communication and Teamwork” (p = 0.048) but also in “Situation Awareness” (p = 0.031).ConclusionOur study suggests that team-building activities may play a role in improving interprofessional teamwork and other NTS in neurosurgery.
Ubenimex combined with Albendazole for the treatment of Echinococcus multilocularis-induced alveolar echinococcosis in mice
Authors: Zhou Zhen , Huayu Meiduo , Mu Yalin , Tang Feng , Ge Ri-Li 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionAlveolar echinococcosis (AE) is a parasitic disease caused by E. multilocularis metacestodes and it is highly prevalent in the northern hemisphere. We have previously found that vaccination with E. multilocularis-Leucine aminopeptidase (EM-LAP) could inhibit the growth and invasion of E. multilocularis in host liver, and Ubenimex, a broad-spectrum inhibitor of LAP, could also inhibit E. multilocularis invasion but had a limited effect on the growth and development of E. multilocularis.MethodsIn this study, the therapeutic effect of Ubenimex combined with Albendazole on AE was evaluated. Mice were intraperitoneally injected with protoscoleces and imaging examination was performed at week 8 and week 16 to detect cyst change. During this period, mice were intraperitoneally injected with Ubenimex and intragastrically administered with Albendazole suspension. At last, the therapeutic effect was evaluated by morphological and pathological examination and liver function.ResultsThe results revealed that the combined treatment could inhibit the growth and infiltration of cysts in BALB/c mice infected with E. multilocularis protoscoleces. The weight, number, invasion and fibrosis of cysts were reduced in mice treated with Ubenimex in combination with Albendazole. The same effect was achieved by the single Ubenimex treatment because of its inhibitory effect on LAP activity, but it was less effective in inhibiting the growth of cysts. The levels of ALT, AST, TBIL, DBIL, ALP, and γ-GT were reduced after the combined treatment, indicating that treatment with both Ubenimex and Albendazole could alleviate liver damage.DiscussionThis study suggests that the combined treatment with Ubenimex and Albendazole could be a potential therapeutic strategy for E. multilocularis infections.
Pengaruh Kompetensi dan Kredibilitas Chatbot AI Terhadap Kepercayaan Penggunaan Chatbot AI Pada Pengguna Lazada Di Kota Medan
Authors: Mutyara M Reza Aldiansyah , Hasman Haryaji Catur Putera , Alfifto Alfifto , Darmansyah Mutya Rahmi 
Published: March 2024

This research aims: (1) To determine the influence of AI Chatbot on purchase intentions of Lazada users in the city of Medan; (2) To determine the effect of trust on purchase intentions among Lazada users in the city of Medan. (3) To determine the effect of AI Chatbot on purchase intention with trust as a mediating variable among Lazada users in the city of Medan. This research method uses quantitative methods. The research sample was 5 sub-districts represented by 170 respondents. Research results: (1) Chatbot AI has a positive and significant effect on Trust among Lazada users in the city of Medan; (2) Trust has a positive and significant effect on Purchase Intention of Lazada users in the city of Medan. (3) AI chatbot has a positive and significant effect on Purchase Intention of Lazada users in the city of Medan.

Keywords: Influence, Competence, Credibility, Chatboi AI.
Evaluation of Queue System Management Implementation at XYZ Supermarket in Lampung
Authors: Basory Hartomy Akbar 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
Queuing system management (QSM) can help improve operational efficiency, reduce customer waiting time, a node from human resource management (HRM) based on the effectiveness of HR performance, and optimize employees as HR in improving customer service. This research was conducted with the aim of knowing the mplementing queuing results of system management in one of the Supermarkets in Lampung Province and knowing the optimal number of cashier lines in the QSM. Research conducted on the research object, namely XYZ Supermarket, is recorded every one-hour interval. This research was conducted for 14 days, working hours from 09.00-21.00 Western Indonesian Time zone. The population in this study is all consumers whose population is unlimited. The sample used is consumers who enter the XYZ Supermarket QSM. The study purpose was to optimize the QSM with Ws less than 3 minutes and Ls less than 4 people in accordance with the SOP. This research method uses the multi-channel single-phase model with system time and systems number. The analysis results in this study can be concluded that the performance of the queuing system implemented with the number of cashiers (M) of 2 cashiers at 09.00-09.59, 12.00-12.59, and 19.00-19.59. It makes optimal QSM with Ws less than 3 minutes, and Ls less than 4 people.
Creative thinking and its representations in the techniques of displaying the industrial product
Authors: Abdulkreem Hussein Hanan , Nouri Mahmoud Al-Jilawi Salah 
Published: March 2024

إن ﻣن اﺑرز اﻟظواﻫر ﻓﻲ اﻟﻣﻌرﻓﺔ اﻻﻧﺳﺎﻧﻳﺔ ﻫو اﻟﺗطور اﻟﺳرﻳﻊ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺣﻘﻠﻳن اﻟﻧظري واﻟﻌﻣﻠﻲ وﺗﺗﺎﺑﻊ اﻻﻧﺟﺎزات اﻟﻌﻠﻣﻳﺔ اﻻﺑداﻋﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺷﺗﻰ اﻟﻣﻳﺎدﻳن ﻣﻣﺎ اﻧﻌﻛس ذﻟك ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺣﻳﺎة اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻳﺔ واﻟﺛﻘﺎﻓﻳﺔ واﻟﺑﻧﻳﺔ اﻟﻌﻘﻠﻳﺔ ﻟﻼﻧﺳﺎن أن التغيير السريع الذي يشهده العصر الحاضر ما هو إلا مقدمة لتطوّر أسرع وأشمل، ينتظر عالم المستقبل .
SOSIALISASI PEMBUATAN EKO ENZIM KEPADA MASYARAKAT KAMPUNG TENGAH PADANG KOTA BENGKULU DAN PENANAMAN BIBIT BUAH DI HALAMAN RUMAH
Authors: Nurwiyoto  , Merri Sri Hartati  , Saroni Saparudin , Nasral  
Published: March 2024

Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah untuk memperkenalkan program pengelolaan sampah organik rumah tangga menjadi eko enzim untuk pupuk cair tanaman di halaman rumah masyarakat Kampung Tengah Padang Kota Bengkulu. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan pada tanggal 24 Desember 2022, yang merupakan bagian dari Kegiatan Kontribusi Sosial bersama mahasiswa Program Pertukaran Mahasiswa Merdeka-2 Tahun 2022/2023 di Universitas Muhammadiyah Bengkulu. Metode yang digunakan dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan ini adalah melakukan sosialissi dengan metode ceramah dan metode praktik pembuatan eko enzim dari sampah organik rumah tangga berupa sampah kulit buah (Nanas, Apel, Naga, Pepaya, Pir, Pisang) dan sampah sayuran (Bawang Putih, Bayam, Kangkung, Wortel), serta praktik penanaman bibit tanaman buah (Sawo, Alpukat, Klengkeng, Jeruk, Jambu) di halaman rumah. Eko enzim adalah cairan multifungsi yang dihasilkan dari proses fermentasi selama tiga bulan dengan bahan gula aren, sampah organik, dan air, dengan komposisi 1:3:10. Selama proses fermentasi ini, dihasilkan ozon dan oksigen yang setara dihasilkan oleh 10 pohon. Secara keseluruhan, hasil pengabdian kepada masyarakat dalam bentuk sosialisasi diikuti ole 23 peserta ibu rumah tangga, Ketua RT, dan dua mahasiswa. Hasil praktik pembuatan eko enzim sebanyak tiga wadah ember plastik, dan penanaman 20 bibit tanaman buah di halaman rumah setiap peserta. Proses kegiatan ini berhasil dilaksanakan dengan baik, dengan indikator keaktifan dari seluruh peserta dalam mendengarkan sosialisasi dan praktik pembuatan eko enzime, dan ditanamnya 20 bibit tanaman buah di halaman rumah peserta.
Kata Kunci : Eko Enzim, Sosialisasi, Pupuk Tanaman, Sampah Rumah Tangga. Bibit Tanaman Buah
Movilidad peatonal durante el Covid-19. El caso de la ampliación de aceras en Macas, Ecuador
Authors: Jerves Córdova Carlos José , Vasco Casco Jenny Fernanda , Palacios Loor Jonathan José 
Published: March 2024

Esta investigación fue desarrollada con el objetivo de identificar la influencia de la ampliación de las aceras en la zona céntrica de la ciudad amazónica de Macas, Ecuador, en la percepción ciudadana sobre la calidad de la movilidad peatonal, durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Se utilizó un corte metodológico cuantitativo de carácter exploratorio y descriptivo, y, debido a las condiciones de emergencia sanitaria se aplicó una encuesta en línea a 97 personas mediante un muestreo no probabilístico. Se evidenció la existencia de una conciencia ciudadana, lo que mejora la movilidad peatonal y reduce los privilegios del automóvil. Asimismo, el beneficio de la circulación peatonal para respetar el distanciamiento social surge de una influencia contextual de la pandemia. Se concluye que la ampliación de aceras mejora la percepción ciudadana de la calidad de la movilidad peatonal, aunque si bien hay satisfacción de la ciudadanía con la obra, reclaman el no haber sido consultados para su construcción e implementación.
Chromosomal and genome size variations in Opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) from Afghanistan
Authors: Rasekh Sayed Zia , Karimzadeh Ghasem 
Published: March 2024

The genus Papaver classified in the Papaveraceae family, is a valuable, non-alternative medicinal plant which has illustrated a massive variety of pharmacologically important alkaloids. Chromosomal and monoploid genome size diversity of seven populations collected from different districts of Balkh Province in northern parts of Afghanistan were studied. All populations were diploid, six of which (P1-P6) had 22 chromosomes, while P7 had 20 larger chromosomes. The mean chromosome length (CL) of P1-P6 populations was 1.32 μm (0.91-1.74 μm), but that of P7 population was 2.24 μm. The results of flow cytometric analysis showed that the mean monoploid 2Cx DNA of P1-P6 populations was 5.701 pg (5.574-5.901 pg), whereas that of P7 population was 5.795 pg, confirming intraspecific variation. This study is being reported for the first time from the northern part of Afghanistan’s opium cultivation area, and P7 population is also being reported for the first time in terms of chromosome number. Valuable information on Cytogenetics can be used in some research fields, including polygenetic analysis, taxonomic relationships, evolutionary characteristics, and plant breeding.
Rapid Implementation of the Virtual Clinic Concept in an Oncology Department to Minimize the Exposure of Patients with Cancer to COVID-19
Authors: Almutairi Nashmia , Alkaiyat Mohammad , Alshami Mona , Alotaibi Thamer , Shehata Hussam , Alharbi Mohamad , Alrabeeah Fawaz , Gmati Giaml , Jazieh Abdul Rahman 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The global pandemic was an emerging challenge that significantly impacted healthcare systems and the delivery of care. Prompt actions and adaptive techniques, such as the virtual clinic, were implemented to ensure the quality and continuity of the care provided. The aim of this quality improvement project was to ensure the smooth implementation and effectiveness of the virtual clinic during the COVID-19 crisis.

Methods
A specialized team of multidisciplinary healthcare providers was established to systematically ensure the implementation of the virtual clinic within the Department of Oncology. The team used multiple Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycles of the quality improvement model to achieve the final goal and facilitate the transition to the virtual clinic.

Results
A total of 29 weekly virtual clinic sessions were conducted, covering various oncology services. From March to December 2020, 81% of the scheduled patients (3888) responded to virtual clinic calls. Physicians initiated 234 unplanned virtual clinic calls to follow up on a patient’s condition. In addition, 916 medications were shipped to patients as needed. A patient satisfaction survey in May 2020 indicated an overall satisfaction rate of 92% with the virtual clinic process. Staff satisfaction was also high (91%), and 88% of the physicians believed that the virtual clinic would continue beyond the pandemic.

Conclusion
Implementing the virtual clinic is achievable through following systematic steps and effectively addressing emerging challenges as required. The concept of the virtual clinic was well accepted by patients and staff.
بنية الوصف ودلالة الرموز في الخطاب الرّوائي لدى رضوى عاشور رواية ثلاثيّة غرناطة أنموذجًا
Authors: مهتدي حسين , عبد الله یوسف فاطمة , قمیحة مفید 
Published: March 2024

تتناول هذه الدراسة بنية الوصف ودلالة الرموز في رواية "ثلاثية غرناطة" للكاتبة "رضوى عاشور" الّتي كشفت روايتها عن الإبداع والجمال في الوصف، فقد رسمت الأديبة رُؤاها ومواقفها بطريقة جماليّة وفنّيّة حيث رُسمت كلمات الأديبة رسمًا مُتقنًا بالوصف الّذي يحمل أبعادًا دلاليّة ورموزًا إيحائيّة؛ تُلبسها الأديبة زيًّا إنشائيًّا وتُقدّمها للقارئ بلونٍ تصويريّ تعكس من خلاله المشاهد بدقّة وانسيابيّة مُظهرة رُؤها الفكريّة، والنّفسيّة والاجتماعيّة في الخطاب الرّوائي فيُضفي ذلك على السّرد لمسة من الجمال. والسؤال المهم الذي يسعی هذا البحث إلی الإجابة عنه هو: كيف جسّدت الروائيّة الرؤية التصويرية ودلالة الرموز في رواية ثلاثيّة غرناطة؟ بعد دراسة هذه الرواية يتّضح لنا أنّ الرُّؤية التّصويريّة في الخطاب لدى الأديبة، بما فيه من وصف ودلالات رمزيّة أخذ بُعدًا تكوينيًّا وفكريًّا تبحث فيه "عاشور" عن دلالات إيديولوجيّة، مُعتمدة في ذلك على الدّلالات الفكريّة، وهذا ما لحظناه في رواية "ثلاثيّة غرناطة"، بحيث اعتمدت "عاشور" على تقنيّة تجميليّة بطريقة عفويّة في سرديّاتها، رُبّما لتُبعد القارئ عن الواقع المُزيّف والمُملّ، ولهذا أُدرجت الواقعيّة، وأخذت مجراها في ثنايا السّرد. أمّا الرّمز فساعدنا كقُرّاء على التّفكُّر بالدّرجة الأولى بدلالات الحكي، وعلى التّحدّي والصُّمود من جهة ،وفي وجه كُلّ اعتداء وكُلّ مُتسلّط من جهة أخرى، وذلك من خلال الأخذ بدلالات الأفعال ورمزيّتها، سيّما وأنّ الرّمز هو جُزء تكوينيّ ينبع من داخل الكاتب المُبدع نفسه. وإذا كانت "رضوى عاشور" قد ركّزت في روايتها "ثلاثيّة غرناطة" على سرد الوقائع والأحداث، إلاّ أنّها جسّدت الوصف ولا يُمكننا تجاهله في الدّراسة، بل یکون الوصف هدفًا أساسيًّا لإيصال مُبتغى الأديبة، حتّى إنّنا لاحظنا صُعوبة الفصل بين السّرد والوصف في الكثير من المواضع في الحكي. ويُعدُّ هذا من سمات الرّواية المُعاصرة، إلاّ أنّ الأديبة قد أسهبت بشكلٍ كبير في سرد الحقائق والوقائع بشكل جليّ. لقد اعتمدنا في هذه الدراسة علی المنهج الوصفي التحليلي لنكشف عن الرُّؤية التّصويريّة، ودلالة الرموز في الخطاب الرّوائي لدى "عاشور" في رواية "ثلاثيّة غرناطة".
تقنيات الإيقاع البصري في شعر الدكتور/عبد العزيز المقالح
Authors: المطري عبد اللطيف عبده حسين 
Published: March 2024

يسعى هذا البحث إلى استقراء تقنيات الإيقاع البصري في شعر الدكتور عبد العزيز المقالح، وكشف العلاقة بين تلك التقنيات البصرية والدلالة.
أما محاور البحث فسنتناول الإيقاع البصري- في شعر المقالح- من خلال الوقوف على أهم تقنياته البصرية المتوافرة، والمتمثلة في (السواد والبياض، التموُّج، الحذف، التقطيع، التجسيم، عنوان النص وحواشيه، علامات الترقيم).
وقد توصل البحث إلى النتائج الآتية:

أن المقالح يميل إلى التنويع في البنية الإيقاعية لشعره، تمثل ذلك في توظيف تقنية الإيقاع البصري في صوره المختلفة.
أن الإيقاع البصري يمثِّل عنصراً إيقاعياً تكوينيا فاعلا في تجسيد التجربة الشعرية عند المقالح.
أن توظيف المقالح لتقنيات الإيقاع البصري لم يكن خبط عشواء، بل كان توظيفا منبثقا من التجربة، ويَنمّ عن وعي تام بهذه التقنيات الإيقاعية متحررا من التكلف.
القيادة الاستراتيجية وعلاقتها بالابداع الاداري وجودة العمل لدى مديري المدارس المتوسطة
Authors: يونس جلال رسم 
Published: March 2024

يرمي هذ البحث التعرف الى ( القيادة الاستراتيجية لدى مديري المدارس الاعدادية وعلاقتها بالأبداع الاداري وجودة العمل) وهدف الى تعرف : مستوى القيادة الاستراتيجية لدى مديري المدارس الاعدادية من وجهة نظر الهيئة التدريسية, والابداع الاداري لدى مديري المدارس الاعدادية من وجهة نظر الهيئة التدريسية, ومستوى جودة العمل لدى مديري المدارس الاعدادية من وجهة نظر الهيئة التدريسية, ومعرفة العلاقة بين القيادة الاستراتيجية والابداع الاداري, والقيادة الاستراتيجية وجودة العمل , والابداع الاداري وجودة العمل , ولتحقيق اهداف البحث اعد الباحث اداة القيادة الاستراتيجية اذ بلغت(20 ) فقرة , والابداع الاداري بلغ ( 25) فقرة , واداة جودة العمل بلغت( 20) فقرة بصيغتهم النهائية, وبعد ذلك طبّق الباحث ادوات البحث على افراد العينة البالغة ( 300) فردٍ من اعضاء الهيئة التدريسية في الرصافة الثالثة اختيروا من مجتمع البحث الاساسية البالغ (925) فردٍ ، حللت البيانات بواسطة برنامج الحاسوب(SPSS) واستعملت الوسائل الاحصائية الملائمة لإجراءات البحث ، وتوصل البحث إلى النتائج الاتية ان مديري المدارس الاعدادية لديهم مستوى متوسط من القيادة الاستراتيجية, ولديهم ابداع اداري بدرجة متوسطة, ولديهم جودة عمل بدرجة متوسطة , وتوجد علاقة بين القيادة الاستراتيجية والابداع الاداري , وبين القيادة الاستراتيجية وجودة العمل, وبين الابداع الاداري وجودة العمل, واهم التوصيات هي : اعتماد ادوات البحث في مديريات التربية في محافظة بغداد.