bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rye flour allergens: An emerging role in baker's asthma
Authors: Letrán Antonio , Palacín Arantxa , Barranco Pilar , Salcedo Gabriel , Pascual Cristina , Quirce Santiago 
Published: February 2008

AbstractBackgroundExposure to wheat flour is usually considered the most important cause of baker's asthma. However, other flours frequently used in bakeries may play an emerging role as relevant allergens causing occupational asthma.Aims of studyWe report on two cases of baker's asthma mainly caused by exposure to rye flour. The profile of allergen sensitization to cereal flour was investigated.MethodsTwo bakery workers suffering from rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma symptoms at work underwent an in vivo study (skin prick tests and bronchial allergen challenge) and in vitro study (total serum IgE, specific serum IgE and immunoblotting).ResultsSpecific inhalation challenge with wheat flour did not elicit an asthmatic reaction, however both patients showed an early asthmatic reaction with the rye flour challenge. Rye flour‐immunoblotting showed IgE‐binding bands around 12–15 kDa, that correspond to rye flour enzymatic inhibitors which were not present in the wheat flour immunoblot.ConclusionsBoth bakers had developed occupational asthma to rye flour (confirmed by specific inhalation challenge test). Rye flour allergens (enzymatic inhibitors) are important allergens that should be considered in the diagnosis of baker's asthma. Am. J. Ind. Med. 51:324–328, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Molecular cytogenetic characterization of a unique and complex de novo 8p rearrangement
Authors: Cooke Susanna L. , Northup Jill K. , Champaige Neena L. , Zinser William , Edwards Paul A.W. , Lockhart Lillian H. , Velagaleti Gopalrao V.N. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractHuman chromosome 8p is prone to recurrent rearrangements with inv dup del(8p) being most common. Each of these recurrent rearrangements is associated with different clinical manifestations. Some of these recurrent rearrangements at 8p are mediated by an 8p submicroscopic paracentric inversion between the olfactory gene clusters present in one of the parents. However, recent reports have shown that some of the rearrangements are unique and complex and are mediated by other repetitive elements within 8p. Here, we report on a unique and complex 8p rearrangement with seizures as the major presenting feature in the patient. Extensive fluorescence in situ hybridization and microarray analyses with tiling path 8p array showed that the rearrangement is unique in that the 8p duplication is a direct tandem duplication and, unlike the more common inv dup del(8p), is not derived from parental submicroscopic inversion. Also unlike the inv dup del(8p), the phenotype in our case is milder with no central nervous system malformations or cardiac defects. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Engineering extruded collagen fibers for biomedical applications
Authors: Zeugolis D. I. , Paul R. G. , Attenburrow G. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractExtruded collagen fibers constitute a promising biomimetic scaffold for tissue engineering applications. In this study, we compared the structural, thermal, and mechanical properties of fibers produced from either NaCl or poly(ethylene glycol) with a number‐average molecular weight of 8000 (PEG 8K), the only two coagents that have been used in the fabrication process. As novel, we report the fabrication of fibers with properties similar to native or synthetic fibers using other coagents. NaCl derived fibers were characterized by higher thermal stability (p < 0.026), stress (p < 0.001), and modulus (p < 0.0025) values than PEG 8K, whereas the latter yielded more extendable fibers (p < 0.012). Poly(ethylene glycol)s with number‐average molecular weights of 200 and 1000 produced fibers with similar mechanical properties (p > 0.05) that were thinner (p < 0.033), stiffer (p < 0.022), and less extendable (p < 0.0002) than those of PEG 8K. Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) with a number‐average average molecular weight of 9–10,000 and PEG 8K yielded fibers with similar diameters and stress‐at‐break values (p > 0.05); however, the poly(ethylene glycol) derived fibers were more extendable (p < 0.0003), whereas the PVA fibers were stiffer (p < 0.029). Gum‐arabic‐ and soluble‐starch‐derived fibers were of similar tensile strength, extendibility, and stiffness (p > 0.05). In this in vitro study, the thickest (p < 0.011) and the weakest (p < 0.0066) fibers were produced in the presence of sodium sulfate. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Transcriptional response of dermal fibroblasts in direct current electric fields
Authors: Jennings Jessica , Chen Dongquan , Feldman Dale 
Published: February 2008

AbstractDuring the course of normal wound healing, fibroblasts at the wound edge are exposed to electric fields (EFs) ranging from 40 to 200 mV/mm. Various forms of EFs influence fibroblast migration, proliferation, and protein synthesis. Thus, EFs may contribute to fibroblast activation during wound repair. To elucidate the role of EFs during the normal progression of healing, this study compares gene expression in normal adult dermal fibroblasts exposed to a 100 mV/mm EF for 1 h to non‐stimulated controls. Significantly increased expression of 162 transcripts and decreased expression of 302 transcripts was detected using microarrays, with 126 transcripts above the level of 1.4‐fold increases or decreases compared to the controls. Above the level of twofold, only 11 genes were significantly increased or decreased compared to controls. Many of these significantly regulated genes are associated with wound repair through the processes of matrix production, cellular signaling, and growth. Activity within specific cellular signaling pathways is noted, including TGF‐β, G‐proteins, and inhibition of apoptosis. In addition, RT‐PCR analysis of the expression of KLF6, FN1, RGS2, and JMJD1C over continued stimulation and at different field strengths suggests that there are specific windows of field characteristics for maximum induction of these genes. EFs thus appear to have an important role in controlling fibroblast activity in the process of wound healing. Bioelectromagnetics 29:394–405, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Attractin/mahogany protein expression in the rodent central nervous system
Authors: Nakadate Kazuhiko , Sakakibara Shin‐Ichi , Ueda Shuichi 
Published: February 2008

AbstractAttractin/Mahogany protein (Atrn) is known to be involved in a number of physiological and neuropathological events. Although the ubiquitous distribution of atrn mRNA has been described in neurons, lack of detailed information concerning the cellular and subcellular localization of protein product is impeding understanding of the role of Atrn. The present study immunohistochemically examined distributions of Atrn in rat and mouse central nervous systems (CNSs) by using a novel antibody for Atrn. Atrn was intensely expressed in most neurons and dendrites of large neurons, such as cortical pyramidal neurons and cerebellar Purkinje neurons. Intense Atrn expression was also observed in the neuropil of gray matter in many regions of the CNS, such as the main and accessory olfactory bulb, cerebral cortex, caudate putamen, dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus, medial eminence, superior colliculus, hippocampus, dentate gyrus, and layers 1 and 2 of the spinal cord. Furthermore, we found that astrocytes, microglia, and ependymal cells also express Atrn protein. Immunoelectron microscopy showed the subcellular distribution of Atrn in the plasma membrane of cell soma, dendrites, and spines in neurons and in the cytoplasmic membrane of Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria in neurons and glial cells. These findings indicate that Atrn is more widely expressed throughout the CNS than previously reported, and expression of Atrn by various cell types suggests that Atrn may serve multiple functions in the CNS. J. Comp. Neurol. 508:94–111, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Visualizing glutamatergic cell bodies and synapses in Drosophila larval and adult CNS
Authors: Daniels Richard W. , Gelfand Maria V. , Collins Catherine A. , DiAntonio Aaron 
Published: February 2008

AbstractGlutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate central nervous system (CNS) and at Drosophila neuromuscular junctions (NMJs). Although glutamate is also used as a transmitter in the Drosophila CNS, there has been no systematic description of the central glutamatergic signaling system in the fly. With the recent cloning of the Drosophila vesicular glutamate transporter (DVGLUT), it is now possible to mark many, if not all, central glutamatergic neurons and synapses. Here we present the pattern of glutamatergic synapses and cell bodies in the late larval CNS and in the adult fly brain by using an anti‐DVGLUT antibody. We also introduce two new tools for studying the Drosophila glutamatergic system: a dvglut promoter fragment fused to Gal4 whose expression labels glutamatergic neurons and a green fluorescent protein (GFP)‐tagged DVGLUT transgene that localizes to synapses. In the larval CNS, we find synaptic DVGLUT immunoreactivity prominent in all brain lobe neuropil compartments except for the mushroom body. Likewise in the adult CNS, glutamatergic synapses are abundant throughout all major brain structures except the mushroom body. We also find that the larval ventral nerve cord neuropil is rich in glutamatergic synapses, which are primarily located near the dorsal surface of the neuropil, segregated from the ventrally positioned cholinergic processes. This description of the glutamatergic system in Drosophila highlights the prevalence of glutamatergic neurons in the CNS and presents tools for future study and manipulation of glutamatergic transmission. J. Comp. Neurol. 508:131–152, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Self‐Assembly of Triorganotin Complexes: Syntheses, Characterization, and Crystal Structures of Dinuclear, 1D Polymeric Chain, and 2D Network Polymers Containing Chiral (+)‐(1R,3S)‐Camphoric Acid and meso‐cis‐4‐Cyclohexene‐1,2‐dicarboxylic Acid Ligands
Authors: Ma Chunlin , Wang Qingfeng , Zhang Rufen 
Published: February 2008

AbstractEight new chiral triorganotin(IV) complexes, (R3Sn)2[C8H14(COO)2] (R = C6H5: 1; PhCH2: 2), {(R3Sn)2[C8H14(COO)2]}n(R = nBu: 3; Me: 4), (R3Sn)2[C6H8(COO)2] (R = C6H5: 5; PhCH2: 6), {(R3Sn)[C6H8(COO)2]}n (R = nBu: 7), and {(R3Sn)2[C8H14(COO)2]}n (R = Me: 8) have been synthesized by the reaction of (+)‐(1R,3S)‐camphoric acid and meso‐cis‐4‐cyclohexene‐1,2‐dicarboxylic acid with triorganotin(IV) chloride in the presence of sodium ethoxide. All of the complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, FT‐IR, NMR (1H, 13C and 119Sn) spectroscopy, and TGA. Except for 2, 5, and 6, all of the complexes were also characterized by X‐ray crystallography. Complex 1 has a dinuclear structure, and complex 3 has a 1D zigzag chain structure and forms a 3D organotin framework through weak intermolecular O···Sn interactions. Complex 7 also has a 1D zigzag chain structure in which meso‐cis‐4‐cyclohexene‐1,2‐dicarboxylic acid acts as a bidentate ligand coordinated to tri‐n‐butyltin(IV) ions. Complexes 4 and 8 have 2D network structures in which (+)‐camphoric acid and meso‐cis‐4‐cyclohexene‐1,2‐dicarboxylic acid act as tetradentate ligands coordinated to trimethyltin(IV) ions.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Fluorophobic Effect in Metallomesogens – The Synthesis and Mesomorphism of Ag, Au, Cu, Fe, Pd, and Pt Fluorous Isocyanide Complexes
Authors: Dembinski Roman , Espinet Pablo , Lentijo Sergio , Markowicz Marcin W. , Martín‐Alvarez Jose M. , Rheingold Arnold L. , Schmidt Daniel J. , Sniady Adam 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThe synthesis of Ag(CNAr)2BF4, Ag(CNAr)2NO3, AuCl(CNAr), CuCl(CNAr), [CuCl(CNAr)2]2, Fe(CO)4CNAr, trans‐[PdI2(CNAr)2], and trans‐[PtI2(CNAr)2] complexes containing the fluorous isocyanide ligand CNAr [Ar = 4‐F(CF2)8(CH2)4OC6H4] and the examination of the mesomorphic properties of these novel fluorous organometallics are reported. The fluorous isocyanide ligand is mesomorphic, as opposed to its hydrocarbon analogue. In general, the fluorophobic effect enhances the microsegregation in the investigated organometallic/isocyanide complexes, as compared to their hydrocarbon analogues. The fluorous mesophases are stable over a wider temperature range and exhibit higher transition temperatures.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Chemical Modification of a Bridging Ligand Inside a Metal–Organic Framework while Maintaining the 3D Structure
Authors: Costa José Sánchez , Gamez Patrick , Black Cory A. , Roubeau Olivier , Teat Simon J. , Reedijk Jan 
Published: February 2008

AbstractA new metal–organic framework (MOF) with amino groups situated inside the pores has been synthesized. This MOF has been modified by post‐synthesis with two different functionalities. The crystal structures of the two functionalized MOFs clearly demonstrate that it is possible to transform the cavities of a MOF without modifying its original 3D structure. These unprecedented results open up tremendous possibilities in the field of MOF chemistry because many potential applications in the fields of catalysis, material science ornanochemistry can be envisaged when applying the reported synthetic pathway.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
External vs. Internal Interactions in the Enantiodiscrimination of Fluorinated α‐Amino Acid Derivatives by Heptakis[2,3‐di‐O‐acetyl‐6‐O‐(tert‐butyldimethylsilyl)]‐β‐cyclodextrin, a Powerful Chiral Solvating Agent for NMR Spectroscopy
Authors: Uccello‐Barretta Gloria , Balzano Federica , Pertici Francesca , Jicsinszky Laszlo , Sicoli Giuseppe , Schurig Volker 
Published: February 2008

AbstractNMR spectroscopic investigations involving extensive use of ROESY and DOSY techniques and comparison withsilylated‐acetylated linear dextrins as acyclic model compounds shed light on the origin of the phenomenon ofenantiodiscrimination of fluorinated α‐amino acid derivatives by heptakis[2,3‐di‐O‐acetyl‐6‐O‐(tert‐butyldimethylsilyl)]‐β‐cyclodextrin. The effectiveness and versatility of the cyclic derivatized oligosaccharide as a chiral solvating agent for the NMR determination of enantiomeric purity in the same class of compounds is demonstrated. A regular correlation between the relative positions of enantiomers' signals and absolute configurations is observed. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Design of Amperometric Biosensors and Biofuel Cells by the Reconstitution of Electrically Contacted Enzyme Electrodes
Authors: Zayats Maya , Willner Bilha , Willner Itamar 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThe electrical contacting of redox enzymes with electrodes is the most fundamental requirement for the development of amperometric biosensors and biofuel cell elements. For the effective electrical communication of redox enzymes with electrodes the use of electron relay units that transport the electrons between the enzyme redox center and the conducting surface is essential. Also, the structural alignment of the redox enzyme units in respect to the electrode in a configuration where the enzyme redox center is in close proximity to the conductive surface is needed. The present report summarizes the reconstitution paradigm developed by our laboratory in the last decade as a versatile method to electrically contact redox enzymes with electrodes, and as a generic approach to develop amperometric biosensors and biofuel cell elements. The process is based on the reconstitution of the apo‐enzyme on a relay‐cofactor monolayer on thin film‐functionalized electrode. Different relay units were used to electrically communicate flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)‐containing enzymes (flavoenzymes) or pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ)‐containing enzymes with electrodes. This included molecular redox‐active relays, molecular redox‐active ‘shuttles’, redox‐active polymers (e.g., polyaniline), Au nanoparticles, and carbon nanotubes. The reconstitution of different apo‐enzymes on these relay‐cofactor‐functionalized electrodes led to unprecedented efficient electrical contacting between the redox centers of the enzymes and the electrodes. Besides very sensitive amperometric biosensors that emerged from this method, the resulting amperometric biosensors revealed high selectivity and specificity. A related approach to establish electrical contact between redox enzymes dependent on diffusional cofactors and electrodes and to develop an integrated bioelectrocatalytically active enzyme electrode was developed. The method involved assembly of a relay‐cofactor diad on the electrode, and the surface crosslinking of an affinity complex generated between the enzyme and the surface‐confined cofactor units. This method was successfully applied to electrically contact nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate) NAD(P)+‐dependent enzymes and cytochrome c‐dependent enzymes. For example, enzyme‐modified electrodes for the bioelectrocatalyzed oxidation of alcohol, lactate and malate were fabricated by the electrical contacting of the respective NAD(P)+‐dependent dehydrogenases. Similarly, the bioelectrocatalytic reduction of O2 was accomplished by an integrated cytochrome c/cytochrome oxidase‐functionalized electrode. The electrically contacted enzyme electrodes were also used to develop noncompartmentalized biofuel cell elements. Biofuel cell elements consisting of electrically contacted reconstituted enzyme electrodes were constructed. Glucose or alcohol were used in these systems as fuel substrates and O2 as oxidizer.
Analysis of Bio‐Processes using Ion Mobility Spectrometry
Authors: Vautz W. , Baumbach J. I. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractBio‐processes are ruled by the metabolism of the involved microorganisms. During the process, the metabolism of these microorganisms changes their environment and as a consequence, the metabolites produced by the microorganisms will change too. Therefore, those metabolites can be used to characterize such processes. Many of the metabolites are volatile or semi‐volatile organic compounds which can be identified and quantified with high temporal resolution and sufficient sensitivity using ion mobility spectrometry. The potential of this method, especially when multi‐capillary‐columns are used for rapid pre‐separation, is illustrated on several representative and successful examples such as beer fermentation control, wine characterization, identification of fungi and bacteria as well as quantification of their metabolites as a measure for the growth of the culture. Those examples, representing recent work of the ion mobility spectrometry group at ISAS – Institute for Analytical Sciences in Dortmund, Germany, illustrate the potential of ion mobility spectrometry for bio‐process control, on one hand, and the existing challenges, on the other.
Biosensors and Eco‐toxicology
Authors: Hansen P.‐D. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractSensors and biosensors as well as ecotoxicological tools like bio‐analytical systems, bioassays and biomarkers provide us with detection systems for signaling a potential damage in the environment (environmental signaling). These responses of early recognition will prevent the eventual damage in the environmental matrices. Once an ecosystem damage has occurred, the remedial action processes for recovery could be expensive and pose certain logistical problems. Ideally, “early warning signals” in ecosystems using sensing systems (biosensors) and biochemical responses (biomarkers) as well as the classical effect‐related bioassays would not only tell us the initial levels of damage, but these signals will also provide us with answers for the development of control strategies and precautionary measures. In order to understand the complexity of the structure of populations and processes behind environmental health, our efforts have to be directed to promote rapid and cost‐effective new emerging parameters, such as effect‐related parameters like biochemical responses (biomarkers) in the field of immunotoxicity and endocrine disruption. Environmental effects, e.g. genotoxicity, were detected in organisms from various “hot spots“ and UV‐B exposed fish embryos. One problem is always to find the relevant interpretation and risk assessment tools for the environment in the context of the reference areas.
Current Stem Cell Technology: Limitations and Realistic Expectations
Authors: Kruse C. , Danner S. , Rapoport D. H. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThe exploration of stem cells has always been strongly associated with the intent to advance more efficient tools for regenerative medicine, especially the repair of damaged tissue. To date, apart from very few working therapies, the success of this approach has been quite limited, and for clinical applications there are no immediate major breakthroughs in sight. Besides the known ethical and fundamental scientific issues, the reader should be pointed to a number of technical issues, that are believed to hamper the progress of applied stem cell research considerably: (i) The provision of a sufficient amount of stem cells with the propensity to differentiate into the desired cell type; (ii) The production of an ample amount of the desired cell type, which can afterwards effectively contribute to recover the impaired tissue; and (iii) The reliable exclusion of pathological side effects, like cancer generation or immunological host versus graft reactions. Here, the authors propose that some of these difficulties might be overcome by employing alternative stem cells, like adult stem cells from exocrine glands. Additionally, the authors suggest some novel uses of stem cells, which are not directly aimed at regenerative medicine and have received comparatively little attention, although they are readily available.
Solving the advection–dispersion equation with discontinuous Galerkin and multipoint flux approximation methods on unstructured meshes
Authors: Younes Anis , Ackerer Philippe 
Published: February 2008

AbstractIn this work, we develop a new model to solve the advection–dispersion transport equation on unstructured triangular meshes. The model combines numerical methods that are specifically suited to achieve high accuracy for each type of equation without using the time splitting procedure. It is based on a combination of the upwind discontinuous Galerkin (DG) method for advection and the multipoint flux approximation (MPFA) method for dispersion.In contrast to mixed finite elements, MPFA methods provide fluxes at element interfaces explicitly by weighted sums of discrete element concentrations. Therefore, the combination of DG and MPFA methods allows taking into account total flux boundary conditions while using different numerical techniques.A theta‐scheme time discretization is developed for advection and an implicit scheme for dispersion. Accuracy of the numerical model is shown by simulating (i) the transport of a tracer in a simplified bidimensional problem with highly unstructured mesh and (ii) a laboratory‐scale experiment with high viscosity contrasts. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.