bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anglesite from Portugal
Authors: Solly R. H. 
Published: December 2006

These crystals of anglesite were given to me by Dr. Gadow, the Strickland Curator to the University of Cambridge, who obtained them while on a zoological expedition to Portugal.They were given to him by the agents at the San Domingos copper mines near the Guadiana river in the province of Algarve, South Portugal, as crystals strange and unknown to them.The only Portuguese localities recorded at present for anglesite are far north of these mines.The San Domingos mines are worked in a portion of the great metallic lode or bed which stretches from the S.W. of Portugal, across the southern portion of Spain, in the province of Huelva, in an E.S.E. direction, and appearing again in a similar manner and direction on the other side of the Mediterranean in Algeria. The age of the surrounding strata is a matter of dispute.
On Plattnerite
Authors: Kinch Edward 
Published: December 2006

This mineral, lead dioxide, does not seem to have been examined since it was first noticed by Breithaupt and Plattner in 1837 (Journ. pr. Chem. x. 508). This specimen, named "Schwerbleierz," is said to be probably from Leadhills, and the mineral is called, in the manuals of Dana and others, a doubtful species. It was named Plattnerite by Haidinger and subsequent authors.A short time ago my friend Mr. Thos. Davies, F.G.S., of the British Museum, asked me to analyse a mineral from Leadhills, Lanarkshire, which he had had in his possession for some years, but the examination of which he had, from various causes, frequently postponed. On examination it was found to be lead dioxide—Plattnerite.
Note on Schorlaceous Rocks from near St. Austell
Authors: Butler F. H. 
Published: December 2006

Certain specimens of rock lately obtained by me from the "Single Rose" Clay Work, near St. Austell, Cornwall, examples of which are now submitted to the Society, illustrate well the processes by which, in some instances at least, granite has been transformed into an aggregate of quartz and schorl.A comparison of the chemical composition of orthoclase from Roche with that of kaolin from the neighbouring district of St. Stephen's shows that in the passage of felspar into China clay there is approximately a loss of 26 per cent. SiO2 and a gain of 19 per cent. Al2O3 and 12 per cent. H2O.
On the Relations between the Solution-planes of Crystals and those of Secondary Twinning; and on the Mode of Development of Negative Crystals along the Former. A Contribution to the Theory of Schillerization
Authors: Judd John W. 
Published: December 2006

In the case of many common rock-forming minerals—the felspars, the pyroxenes, the olivines and the micas—it has been shown that the crystals which have existed in rock-masses at great depths exhibit constant and characteristic differences from the crystals of the same mineral, in rocks of identical composition, which have been formed at the surface. It has been proved, moreover, that these differences become mere and more pronounced in proportion to the distance from the surface at which these rocks have originally existed.Although some of these peculiarities of the crystals of deep-seated rockmasses can be satisfactorily accounted for by the conditions of pressure and slow growth under which they were originally formed, yet there are others—and these by no means the least striking of them, such as the continuous bands of fluid-enclosures, the avanturine structure and schiller, and the chatoyant phenomena—which are clearly not original, but are due to secondary actions.
On Dufrenite from Cornwall
Authors: Kinch Edward 
Published: December 2006

Some of the published analyses of specimens of Dufrenite have afforded results not in good accord with the chemical formula 2Fe2O3, P2O5, 3H2O, usually ascribed to that species.Moreover, since analyses of a crystallised Dufrenite from Cornwall gave results showing a higher ratio of acid to base than demanded by the above formula, a re-examination of the ordinary botryoidal variety of the mineral seemed desirable.
Elaterite: a Mineral-Tar in Old Red Sandstone, Ross-Shire
Authors: Morrison Wm. 
Published: December 2006

This mineral tar, which, from its elasticity, though somewhat weak, resembles elaterite, is found at the Craig Well, near Dingwall.It is an intensely black, lustrous, sticky substance, of the consistency of tar, and from its being associated with albertite it may be looked upon as a variety of that asphalt.
Analyses of Various Mineral Substances
Authors: Macadam Ivison 
Published: December 2006

The samples analysed came from the bottom of a small loch. No. 1 was of a yellow-gray eolour, even in texture, and readily broken down between the fingers.No. 2 was distinctly red, and marked with dark spots. It broke down readily, and was more dense than No. 1.No. 3 sample was red in colour, with dark brown and red particles throughout the mass.
Calcites from the Neighbourhood of Egremont, Cumberland
Authors: Miers H. A. 
Published: December 2006

A Remarkable series of crystallised calcites from Cumberland which have been found during the present year deserve description, both on account of their size and beauty, and also by reason of their peculiar form.The crystals, although obtained from a small area, exhibit great variety of habit and appearance, and fall naturally into the seven groups which are described below. Of these the most remarkable consists of a series of magnificent heart-shaped twins, somewhat similar to the rare but well-known "butterfly twins" of Eyam, in Derbyshire; they result from the same mode of twinning as the latter, but are far larger and more beautiful than any of the Derbyshire twins, frequently measuring four inches in breadth. There are also crystals which exactly resemble the true butterfly twins of Eyam, and others which arc very similar to the rectangular twinned prisms of Wheal Wrey in Cornwall. A second and very rare twin law is also represented among these specimens, in which the rhombohedron, whose edges are truncated by the cleavage planes, acts as twin-plane.
On New Localities for Linarite, Caledonite and Epistilbite
Authors: Heddle  
Published: December 2006

The following new localities for these t~ree rare minerals have lately come under my notice.I was some time ago presented by George Moodie, Esq., formerly Surveyor-General to the Transvaal Government, with a specimen which he obtained himself from the lead mines at Marico Zeerut, near Potsehefstroom, in the Transvaal.This specimen was part of a small druse which is lined with crystals in a corded arrangement. These crystals appear to me to be zinc carbonate.Superimposed thereon there are crystals of both linarite and of caledonite, and also minute crystals of an emerald-green mineral which is unknown to me.There being but one specimen, I do not desire to remove any of the last for testing.
On the Crystalline Form of Gyrolite
Authors: Heddle M. F. 
Published: December 2006

In a late number of the Magazine I mentioned that I had obtained from several of the Treshinish Islands specimens of gyrolite, and that one of these carried crystals which seemed sufficiently perfect for the determination of the form of the mineral.A careful examination of the specimen showed it to be somewhat fragile; and, as we know that the mineral is itseff excessively tender as well as soft, I thought it desirable that the most should be made of so unique an example.
Notes on Bowenite or Pseudo-Jade from Afghanistan
Authors: McMahon C. A. 
Published: December 2006

A stone called sang-i-yashm in Persian, which has some points of resemblance to jade and is sometimes mistaken for it, is utilised at Bhera, in the Shahpur District of the Punjab, for the manufacture of dagger hilts, knife handles, caskets, amulets, and other articles. It is also found useful in mosaic work.I am indebted to Mr. J. Wilson, B.C.S., Deputy Commissioner of the Shahpur District, for several specimens of the stone in the unworked state, and for information regarding its place of origin. Other specimens I obtained from my son Lieut. A. H. McMahon, Assistant Commissioner, Kohat.The sang-i-yashm is a hard species of serpentine which seems to correspond very closely to that named bowenite, after Dr. Bowen, who, in 1822, published an analysis of a mineral from Smithfield, R.I., which up to that date had been called nephrite.
Twins of Marcasite in Regular Disposition Upon Cubes of Pyrites
Authors: Trechmann C. O. 
Published: December 2006

The subject of this note derives interest less from its novelty than from the beautiful manner in which the intergrowth is exemplified in Nature. As Sadebeek has shown, the intergrowth of marcasite and pyrites takes place according to two laws.(1) The vertical axis of marcasite is parallel with a principal axis of pyrites; one of the two other principal axes of the latter being parallel with the combination edge m (110) ∞P : c (001) 0P of the former ; or, in other words, the vertical and one lateral axis (ab) of marcasite coincide with two principal axes of pyrites.(2) The vertical axis of marcasite is parallel with a principal axis of pyrites; the braehydiagonal axis is parallel with a diagonal axis of pyrites.
The Tetartohedrism of Ullmannite
Authors: Miers H. A. 
Published: December 2006

Although all the modes of hemihedrism possible in the cubic system have been found to occur among minerals, no mineral l~elonging to that system has yet been proved to be tetartohedral like sodium chlorate, and the nitrates of barium, strontium and lead.There has, however, been some evidence in favour of the tetartohedral character of Ullmannite since the examination of the crystals from Lölling in Carinthia, and those from Sarrabus in Sardinia. The former were found by Zepharovieh to be distinctly tetrahedral in form and habit, the latter were found by Klein to be distinctly pyritohedral. Zepharorich found the specific gravity of the Lölling Ullmannite to be 6·72, while Klein found that of the Sardinian crystals to be 6·803-6·883, and for this reason it was at first thought that the two occurrences might be different modifications of the antimono-sulphide of nickel; there was also considerable discrepancy between the two analyses.
On an Eclogite from Loch Duich
Authors: Teall J. J. H. 
Published: December 2006

The existence in the British Isles of a rock essentially composed of garnet and omphacite, and answering therefore to Hauy's' definition of eclogite, does not appear to have been hitherto recorded.The following description of such a rock from Totig Ferry, Loch Dutch, is therefore of some interest. The specimen was collected by the Director General, who informs me that he believes it to be a part of the Archæan gneiss which in the region of Loch Alsh and Loch Carron has been thrust bodily from the east over the Torridon sandstone.The rock is of a dull green eolour, and contains numerous reddishbrown garnets. Under the microscope the principal constituents are seen to be garnet and omphacite—a pale green pyroxene without any definite crystalline form. Green hornblende, plagioclase, rutile, ironores, quartz, and epidote occur as accessories.
On a Micro-granite containing Riebeckite from Ailsa Craig
Authors: Teall J. J. H. 
Published: December 2006

Riebeckite was first described by Sauer in 1888. The type-mineral occurs in granite from Socotra collected by Dr. E. Riebeck.In the same year Harker identified the peculiar blue hornblende occurring in the quartz-porphyry of Mynydd Mawr with the mineral described by Sauer, and in the following year two fresh localities were given for this mineral by Le Verrier and Lacroix. The last mentioned observer has also shown that croeldolite must be referred to the same group of hornblendes.The object of this communication is to place on record the occurrence of riebeckite in the so-called syenite of Ailsa Craig, the small island which stands at the entrance to the Firth of Clyde.
(1.) Tysonite and Bastnäsite; (2.) Meteoric Iron from Indian Valley Township, Virginia; (3.) Anatase; (4.) Sapphire
Authors: Kunz Geo. F. 
Published: December 2006

About two years ago Mr. T. A. Herstand of Mainton Springs, Colorado, made a remarkable find of tysonite and bastnäsite at Crystal Park, near Malnten Springs, Colorado. The entire find consisted of one crystalline cleavable mass of tysonlte, covered with bastnäsite, weighing in all fully six kilograms. It was found in a coarsely crystalline granite, and no other deposit has been discovered subsequently, although considerable search has been made by various prospectors. Up to the time of this find all the tysonite discovered in Colorado has not amounted to more than 50 grams.The tysonite was Principally of a rich cinnamon-brown colour with a perfect basal cleavage, and frequently contained patches from one to three cm. in diameter which were entirely transparent.
Orpiment
Authors: Miers H. A. 
Published: December 2006

The crystalline form of orpiment was first determined by Mohs (Grundriss der Mineralogie (1824), 2, 613).His measurements, which he is careful to state were only approximate, gave an angle of 79°20' for the prism, and 83°7' for the brachydome; the plane of perfect cleavage being taken as the macropinakoid, and the crystals being referred to the orthorhombic system.
On Fulgurites from Griqualand West
Authors: Rutley Frank 
Published: December 2006

Through the kindness of Professor D. Hahn of the South African College, Cape Town, I received, some time since, a series of specimens of fulgurites which were collected in the vicinity of Griquastad.In this locality Professor Hahn informs me that there is a particular sand hill which is noted among the farmers living in the neighbourhood for the frequency with which it is struck by lightning during thunderstorms.
Nantokite from New South Wales
Authors: Liversidge A. 
Published: December 2006

Some specimens of this rare mineral have recently been kindly forwarded to me by Mr. J. R. McKay, Manager of the Broken Hill South Silver Mining Company, New South Wales, together with a report upon them by Mr. J. O. Armstrong of the above mine, and Mr. A. D. Carmichael of the Broken Hill Proprietary Block 10 mine, as follows :—“Mineral found at the Broken Hill South Mine, at the 300 feet level in the carbonate of lead stopes, below original water level.
On an Accurate Method of Determining the Densities of Solids
Authors: The Earl of Berkeley  
Published: December 2006

In the course of some researches on the relation between the chemical constitution and the crystalline form of substances, I found it necessary to attempt an accurate determination of the densities of crystals.Messrs. Playfair and Joule, in 1843, in the course of similar researches, determined the specific gravities of numerous salts by the use of an instrument which showed the actual volume of the solid investigated. This method was found to be subject to many errors, and they abandoned it for one which is the prototype of that ordinarily used in accurate work at present.
Lewisite and Zirkelite, Two New Brazilian Minerals
Authors: Hussak E. , Prior G. T. 
Published: December 2006

This new antimonate was found in the cinnabar mine of Tripuhy, near Ouro Preto, Minas Geracs, Brazil.The occurrence of cinnabar at this locality has been known since 1810, and a short notice of it is given by Eschwogo in his Pluto Brasilensis, p. 456, which was published in 1883.
On the Chemical Composition of Zirkelite
Authors: Prior G. T. 
Published: December 2006

In a previous paper (Min. Mag. XI. 1895, p. 80), the result was given of an analysis of the new mineral, Zirkelite, which was discovered by Dr. Hussak in association with baddeleyite in the decomposing magnetite-pyroxenite of Jaeupiranga, S. Paulo, Brazil.In that analysis only a small amount of material (less than a quarter of a grin.) was used, and no very serious attempt was made to separate small percentages of rare earths in the main zirconia precipitate.
Riebeckite in Trachytic Rocks from Abyssinia
Authors: Prior G. T. 
Published: December 2006

It is now ten years since Sauer first described under the name of riebeckite a new species of blue hornblende in the granite of Socotra.Since that time its occurrence in the British Isles has been noted in the " felsite " of Mynydd Mawr, N. Wales ; in the " microgranite " of Ailsa Craig, Firth of Clyde; in glacial deposits from the Isle of Man; Moel Tryfaen, N. Wales; Greystones, Co. Wicklow; and Greenore, Carlingford; in granophyre from Meall Dearg, Skye; and in felsite from Middle Eildon, Roxburghshire.
On the Meteoric Stones which fell near Zomba, British Central Africa, on January 25th, 1899: with notes on the chemical analysis of such bodies. [With a map of the District, plate I.]
Authors: Fletcher L. 
Published: December 2006

On January 25th, 1899, at 7.54 a.m., a loud noise as of an explosion was heard at the settlement of Zomba, British Central Africa, and for many miles around ; almost simultaneously therewith, several small stones were seen to reach the earth in the neighbourhood of Zomba and were collected by the observers of their fall.Mr. Alfred Sharpe, C.B., His Majesty's Commissioner and Consul. General for the Protectorate of British Central Africa, Mr. J. F. Cunningham, Secretary to the Administration, and Mr. J. McClounie, the Acting Collector of Revenues, on hearing the detonation, surmised that it had an origin in the entry of a meteorite into the earth's atmosphere, and with praiseworthy zeal and energy at once proceeded to collect, by aid of the telegraph and by personal interviews with the witnesses, all the reliable evidence that could be obtained relative to so extraordinary a phenomenon.
Addition to a former note on the rotation of points and planes about an axis
Authors: Hudson R. W. H. T. 
Published: December 2006

The evaluation of the determinantoccurriug at the foot of page 345, Vol. XII, can be effected without first squaring it. Multiply Δ1 bysay D1/2, which is the value of the determinantThe result isSimilarly Δ2 and Δ3 may be evaluated.
On an occurrence of Minerals at Haddam Neck, Connecticut, U.S.A. (With Plate IV.)
Authors: Bowman H. L. 
Published: December 2006

In the summer of 1896 the Oxford Museum was enriched by a fine series of about eighty mineral specimens from a newly opened quarry at Haddam Neck in Connecticut, which were kindly presented by Mr. Ernest Schernikow of New York.The species included in the series are green and pink tourmaline, albite, microcline, green and pink apatite, brown fluor, beryl, quartz, cookeite, lilac lepidolite, greenish-white muscovite, and a peculiar pink fibrous variety of the same mineral. To these must also be added, as occurring at the same place, green fluor, microlite, and columbite.The locality is described as Haddam Neck, a village opposite to Haddam, on the other (eastern) bank of the Connecticut River, which is here about half a mile wide.
Mineralogical notes on Western Australian Tellurides: the non-existence of ‘Kalgoorlite’ and ‘Coolgardite’ as mineral species
Authors: Spencer L. J. 
Published: December 2006

Since the occurrence of tellurides of gold in Western Australia was first recognized by Mr. Arthur G. Holroyd in May, 1896, these minerals have proved to be of the greatest importance as a source of gold; and in fact the telluride mines at Kalgoorlie in the East Coolgardie gold-field now yield as much gold as all the remaining gold-fields of Western Australia taken together.Although the occurrence of traces of telluride of gold has been reported from one or two other localities in the neighbouring portions of Western Australia, it is only in a quite small area around Kalgoorlie that the tellurides are mined. Here they occur as lodes, or rather as large lenticular masses and as impregnations, in schistose rocks.
On Teallite, a new sulphostannite of lead from Bolivia ; and its relations to Franckeite and Cylindrite
Authors: Prior G. T. 
Published: December 2006

Amongst the specimens recently selected for the British Museum from the collection of South American minerals brought together by the late Theodor Hohmann, are two on which occurs a mineral in thin laminae resembling graphite. From the locality and associations, the mineral was at first presumed to be either franckeite or cylindrite, the two sulphantimonite-sulphostannates of lead from Bolivia, which were described in 1893 by Stelzner and Frenzel respectively. Qualitative analysis, however, soon showed that, although similar to them in physical characters, it differed chemically from both franckeite and cylindrite in containing no antimony, but only lead, tin, and sulphur.Of the two specimens from the Hohmann collection, one was labelled ‘sulphoselenide of lead from Bolivia,’ and the other ‘selenide of lead from Atacama,’ so that unfortunately the precise locality of the mineral is at present unknown. In all probability both specimens came from the same district in Bolivla, since in appearance they are very similar.
On an Epidote from Inverness-shire
Authors: Thomas H. H. 
Published: December 2006

The mineral to be described was found by Mr. C. T. Clough, M.A., of the Geological Survey, near the junction of the two large streams in Coire Dhorrcail, near Barrisdale on the south side of Loch Hourn, Inverness-shire.Mr. Clough furnishes me with the following description of the mode of occurrence of the mineral :—‘The crystals were obtained from a band, which, although its sides are not well exposed, seems to form a nearly horizontal vein-like mass. This band crosses both the bedding and the foliation planes of the muscovite-biotite-gneiss in which it occurs, and which occupies a large area near Barrisdale and Ladhar Bheinn.
Gnomonic Projections on two planes
Authors: Evans John W. 
Published: December 2006

The gnomonic projection in which the faces of crystals are represented by the points where their normals through a fixed point–the centre of projection–meet a plane–the plane of projection–is already widely used by crystallographers. I propose in the following pages to show the advantages of the simultaneous use of two such planes of projection.It is in most cases convenient for the two planes to be at right angles, and for the centre of projection to be at an equal (unit) distance from each. Circumstances, however, in some cases render it desirable to vary these conditions. When the planes are at right angles, one may conveniently be described as the horizontal plane, and the other as the vertical plane.
Determination of the optic axial angle of biaxial crystals in parallel polarized light
Authors: Evans John W. 
Published: December 2006

It will in the first place be assumed for the sake of simplicity that the crystal to be investigated is immersed in a liquid having a refractive index as nearly as possible equal to the intermediate refractive index (β), so that light travelling along the optic axis t is not appreciably refracted on entering or leaving the crystal.The observation is made in parallel ight between crossed nicols, which are rotated together till a position of extinction is reached, when the directions of vibration of the nicols wilI be parallel to those in the crystal. If the latter be now rotated on an axis parallel to one of these directions, it will in general show light throughout the revolution, except in the original position and that opposite to it. Occasionally, however, it will remain dark throughout; in that case the axis of rotation is the bisectrix of an optic axial angle.
Cassiterite pseudomorphs from Bolivia
Authors: Pearce Richard 
Published: December 2006

One of the peculiarities of Bolivian tin-ores is the frequent occurrence of cindery and cellular masses of cassiterite, which is presumably of secondary origin. But, apart from impressions of quartz crystals, definite crystal-forms are rarely shown by this pseudomorphous cassiterite.The pseudomorphs to be now described are from the Tres Cruces district, and were collected by my son, Mr. A. W. Pearce. The crystallographic determinations have been made by Mr. L. J. Spencer, and the specimens examined by him have been presented to the British Museum. The material consists of cavernous masses of dark brown, finely crystalline and granular cassiterite, associated with which is a pale yellow, ochreous substance.