bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Elaboration of a quantitative job‐exposure matrix for historical exposure to airborne exposures in the Polish rubber industry
Authors: de Vocht F. , Sobala W. , Peplonska B. , Wilczynska U. , Gromiec J. , Szeszenia‐Dabrowska N. , Kromhout H. 
Published: July 2008

AbstractBackgroundA job‐exposure matrix (JEM) for inhalable aerosols, aromatic amines, and cyclohexane soluble matter (CSM) was elaborated based on measurements collected routinely between 1981 and 1996.MethodsThe data were grouped based on similarities in exposure levels and time trends in different departments, and were analyzed using smoothing splines and mixed effects models.ResultsAlthough higher than in western European countries, inhalable aerosol exposure decreased after changes in production volume and implementation of exposure reduction measures in mid‐1980s. Aromatic amines concentrations first increased following the factory's production volume, but subsequently decreased in more recent years. CSM concentrations were uniformly distributed between departments.ConclusionsThis JEM provides an overview of historical exposure levels in a large Polish rubber factory and will enable estimation of lifetime exposure for individual workers in a Polish rubber workers cohort and further investigation of the associations between specific exposures and cancer risk. Am. J. Ind. Med. 51:852‐860, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Predictors of upper extremity symptoms and functional impairment among workers employed for 6 months in a new job
Authors: Gardner Bethany T. , Dale Ann Marie , VanDillen Linda , Franzblau Alfred , Evanoff Bradley A. 
Published: July 2008

AbstractBackgroundWe sought to identify personal and work‐related predictors of upper extremity symptoms and related functional impairment among 1,108 workers employed for 6 months in a new job.MethodsWe collected data at baseline and 6‐month follow‐up using self‐administered questionnaires. Multivariate logistic regression models were created for each outcome variable. Predictors included personal risk factors, physical work exposures and psychosocial factors.ResultsIndependent predictors for upper extremity symptoms at 6‐month follow‐up were age, Caucasian race, female gender, baseline history of UE symptoms, and job tasks involving wrist bending or forceful gripping. Independent predictors for functional impairment were baseline history and severity of UE symptoms, wrist bending, and social support.ConclusionsBoth personal and work‐related factors were independent predictors of upper extremity symptoms and functional impairment in this working population. We found different risk factors for symptoms than for functional impairment related to symptoms. Am. J. Ind. Med. 51:932–940, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Thermal analysis of glycerol citrate/starch blends
Authors: Holser Ronald Alan 
Published: July 2008

AbstractThe reaction of glycerol and citric acid was studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermal gravimetric analysis. Reactions were performed in the DSC with a temperature oscillation of 1°C/min applied while scanning the range of 20–220°C. This modulated technique allowed separation of reversible and irreversible thermal effects. The energy associated with the esterification of glycerol and citric acid, 40 J/g, was calculated from the irreversible component of the heat flow. When cornstarch was blended with glycerol and citric acid, the weight loss curves displayed prominent shifts in maxima values attributable to starch degradation. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Mechanical and viscoelastic properties of novel silk fibroin fiber/poly(ε‐caprolactone) biocomposites
Authors: Li Wei , Qiao Xiuying , Sun Kang , Chen Xiaodong 
Published: July 2008

AbstractSilk‐fibroin (SF)‐fiber‐reinforced poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL) biocomposites with different fiber contents were fabricated by a melt‐blending method. The mechanical and viscoelastic properties of these SF/PCL composites were investigated by mechanical property testing, dynamic mechanical thermal analysis, and dynamic rheological analysis. The mechanical properties of PCL were obviously reinforced by fiber addition, and the maximum tensile and flexural strengths appeared at fiber contents of 35 and 45%, respectively. As the fiber content increased, both the storage modulus and loss modulus increased, whereas the glass‐transition temperature of the PCL component decreased. The appearance of a storage modulus plateau indicated the formation of reinforcement network structures in the SF/PCL composites, which enhanced the elasticity and viscosity of the composites. The interfacial interaction between the fiber and PCL matrix was not very strong. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Nonfluorinated copolymerized polyimide thin films with ultralow dielectric constants
Authors: Yuan Yuan , Lin Bao‐Ping , Zhang Xue‐Qin , Wu Li‐Wei , Zhan Yao 
Published: July 2008

AbstractA series of copolymerized polyimide (PI) thin films with low dielectric constants were prepared with different molars ratio of bis[3,5‐dimethyl‐4‐(4‐aminophenoxy)phenyl]methane and 9,9‐bis[4‐(4‐aminophenoxy)phenyl]fluorene as diamines and 4,4′‐(4,4′‐isopropylidenediphenoxy)bis(phthalic anhydride) as a dianhydride. Some films possessed good dielectric properties with an ultralow dielectric constant of 2.3 at 1 MHz. The structures and properties of the thin films were measured with Fourier transform infrared and NMR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and dynamic mechanical analysis. The PI films exhibited glass‐transition temperatures in the range 223–243°C and possessed initial thermal decomposition temperatures reaching up to 475–486°C in air and 464–477°C in nitrogen. All of the PI films exhibited excellent solubility in organic solvents. The mechanical properties of these films were also examined. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Filled reactive ethylene terpolymer primers for cathodic disbondment mitigation
Authors: Love C. T. , Karbhari V. M. 
Published: July 2008

AbstractA reactive ethylene terpolymer (RET) with inorganic fillers of clay, talc, and zinc was examined for its cathodic disbondment (CD) performance and as a potential coating primer material for pipeline applications. The filler type and volume fraction influenced the mechanical, thermal, adhesion, and CD resistance of the coatings. The tensile modulus and strength of the RETs increased at higher loadings of selected fillers. The dry adhesive strength of the clay‐filled RET maintained the same level of adhesion up to approximately 23 vol %, whereas the talc‐ and zinc‐filled RETs showed decreases in adhesive performance. CD resistance was significantly improved with 18–23 vol % clay, whereas the overall disbondment area was reduced approximately 82% from pure RET. However, the post‐cathodic‐disbondment adhesive strength for the clay‐filled RET decreased as a result of the degradation of the primer/topcoat interface caused by moisture absorption. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Three‐dimensional consensus structure of sst2‐selective somatostatin (SRIF) antagonists by NMR
Authors: Grace Christy Rani R. , Erchegyi Judit , Reubi Jean Claude , Rivier Jean E. , Riek Roland 
Published: July 2008

AbstractThe three‐dimensional NMR structures of seven octapeptide analogs of somatostatin (SRIF), based on octreotide, with the basic sequence H‐Cpa/Phe2‐c[DCys3‐Xxx7‐DTrp/DAph(Cbm)8‐Lys9‐Thr10‐Cys14]‐Yyy‐NH2(the numbering refers to the position in native SRIF), with Xxx7being Aph(Cbm)/Tyr/Agl(NMe,benzoyl) and Yyy being Nal/DTyr/Thr, are presented here. Most of these analogs exhibit potent and highly selective binding to sst2receptors, and all of the analogs are antagonists inhibiting receptor signaling. Based on their consensus 3D structure, the pharmacophore of the sst2‐selective antagonist has been defined. The pharmacophore involves the side chains of Cpa2,DTrp/DAph(Cbm)8, and Lys9, with the backbone for most of the sst2‐selective antagonists comprised a Type‐II′ β‐turn. Hence, the sst2‐selective antagonist pharmacophore is very similar to the sst2‐selective agonist pharmacophore previously described. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 89: 1077–1087, 2008.This article was originally published online as an accepted preprint. The “Published Online” date corresponds to the preprint version. You can request a copy of the preprint by emailing the Biopolymers editorial office at biopolymers@wiley.com
A novel assay based on fluorescence microscopy and image processing for determining phenotypic distributions of rod‐shaped bacteria
Authors: Spetsieris Konstantinos , Zygourakis Kyriacos , Mantzaris Nikos V. 
Published: July 2008

AbstractCell population balance (CPB) models can account for the phenotypic heterogeneity that characterizes isogenic cell populations. To utilize the predictive power of these models, however, we must determine the single‐cell reaction and division rates as well as the partition probability density function of the cell population. These functions can be obtained through the Collins–Richmond inverse CPB modeling methodology, if we know the phenotypic distributions of (a) the overall cell population, (b) the dividing cell subpopulation, and (c) the newborn cell subpopulation. This study presents the development of a novel assay that combines fluorescence microscopy and image processing to determine these distributions. The method is generally applicable to rod‐shaped cells dividing through the formation of a characteristic constriction. Morphological criteria were developed for the automatic identification of dividing cells and validated through direct comparison with manually obtained measurements. The newborn cell subpopulation was obtained from the corresponding dividing cell subpopulation by collecting information from the two compartments separated by the constriction. The method was applied to E. coli cells carrying the genetic toggle network with a green fluorescent marker. Our measurements for the overall cell population were in excellent agreement with the distributions obtained via flow cytometry. The new assay constitutes a powerful tool that can be used in conjunction with inverse CPB modeling to rigorously quantify single‐cell behavior from data collected from highly heterogeneous cell populations. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2009;102: 598–615. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Simultaneous determination of udenafil and its active metabolite, DA‐8164, in human plasma and urine using ultra‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry: application to a pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Bae Soo Kyung , Kang Min Jeong , Yeo Chang‐Woo , Kim Min‐Jung , Shon Ji‐Hong , Liu Kwang‐Hyeon , Shin Jae‐Gook 
Published: July 2008

AbstractA rapid, sensitive, and simple ultra‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC/MS/MS) method for the determination of udenafil and its active metabolite, DA‐8164, in human plasma and urine using sildenafil as an internal standard (IS) was developed and validated. Udenafil, DA‐8164 and IS from a 100 µL aliquot of biological samples were extracted by protein precipitation using acetonitrile. Chromatographic separation was carried on an Acquity UPLC BEH C18 column (50 × 2.1 mm, i.d., 1.7 µm) with an isocratic mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and containing 0.1% formic acid (75:25, v/v) at flow rate of 0.4 mL/min, and total run time was within 1 min. Detection and quantification was performed by the mass spectrometer using multiple reaction‐monitoring mode at m/z 517 → 283 for udenafil, m/z 406 → 364 for DA‐8164 and m/z 475 → 100 for IS. The assay was linear over a concentration range of 1–600 ng/mL with a lower limit of quantification of 1 ng/mL in both human plasma and urine. The coefficient of variation of this assay precision was less than 13.7%, and the accuracy exceeded 92.0%. This method was successfully applied for pharmacokinetic study after oral administration of udenafil 100 mg to healthy Korean male volunteers. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Separation and structure determination of nicardipine photoproducts by LC‐ESI‐MS
Authors: Chen Shih‐Ming , Hsieh Mau‐Chih , Chao Su‐Hui , Chang E. E. , Wang Po‐Yu , Wu An‐Bang 
Published: July 2008

AbstractA sample of 0.104 m nicardipine in methanol was photoirradiated with a Philips 400 W UV lamp for 3 h in a photochemical chamber. A total of four major photoproducts were found from the HPLC chromatogram. The same sample was used for taking LC‐MS, while eight major photoproducts were observed and the structures elucidated by analyzing the CID patterns of their respective mass spectra. A reaction scheme of nicardipine is proposed that the photochemical reactions occur mainly via oxidation of 1,4‐dihydropyridine moiety, following the stepwise photo‐reduction of the m‐nitro group and demethylation of the ester group at 5‐position of the pyridine ring. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pharmacokinetic study of three active flavonoid glycosides in rat after intravenous administration of Trollius ledebourii extract by liquid chromatography
Authors: Li Deqiang , Wang Qiao , Xu Lei , Li Min , Jing Xiujuan , Zhang Langtong 
Published: July 2008

AbstractA selective and sensitive reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of orientin‐2″‐O‐β‐l‐galactopyranosyl (OGA), orientin and vitexin in rat plasma. Blood samples were collected via the fossa orbitalis vein at time intervals after intravenous administration and the concentrations of the three ingredients in plasma were analyzed by HPLC after the plasma protein had been precipitated directly with methanol. OGA, orientin and vitexin were successfully separated using a C18 column with gradient elution composed of acetonitrile and 0.1% acetic acid and were detected at the detection wavelength of 348 nm. Calibration curves of OGA, orientin and vitexin were generated over the range 0.315–161, 0.326–167 and 0.215–110 µg/mL, respectively. The intra‐ and inter‐day precisions (relative standard deviation) for the analysis of the three analytes were between 1.68 and 8.43% with accuracies (relative error) below 8.55%. The mean extraction recoveries were between 70.35 and 86.42%. The developed method was suitable for simultaneous determination of these three active flavonoid glycosides in rat plasma and was successfully applied to investigate the pharmacokinetics of glycosides from Trollius ledebourii in rats. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Determination of brazilein in rat plasma after intravenous administration by HPLC
Authors: Lan Jiaqi , Hu Jun , Li Bonan , Xing Dongming , Liu Chengcheng , Wang Wei , Du Lijun 
Published: July 2008

AbstractQuantification of brazilein in rat plasma following intravenous administration was achieved by reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography using a mobile phase of acetonitrile–0.05 m potassium dihydrogen phosphate water (containing 0.5% triethylamine, pH 3.0; 20:80 v/v) and UV detection at 445 nm. The method was linear (determination coefficient, r2 = 0.9992) within the tested range (0.313–5.0 µg/mL). Intra‐ and inter‐day precision coefficients of variation and accuracy bias were acceptable (maximal CV value was 2.06% for intra‐day and 1.71% for inter‐day) over the entire range. The recoveries were 81.48, 84.61 and 82.83% for concentrations of 0.313, 1.25 and 5.0 µg/mL, respectively. The concentration–time curve of brazilein after intravenous administration was fitted to the two‐compartment model. This is the first time that brazilein in rat plasma was detected by HPLC‐UV method and its pharmacokinetic characteristic was comprehensively studied. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Direct enantiomeric TLC resolution of dl‐penicillamine using (R)‐mandelic acid and l‐tartaric acid as chiral impregnating reagents and as chiral mobile phase additive
Authors: Bhushan Ravi , Agarwal Charu 
Published: July 2008

Abstractdl‐Penicillamine has been resolved into its enantiomers by normal‐phase TLC using l‐tartaric acid as chiral impregnating reagent as well as chiral mobile phase additive, while (R)‐mandelic acid has been found to be successful as a chiral impregnating reagent. The solvent system acetonitrile–methanol–water (5:1:1, v/v) was found to be successful when l‐tartaric acid was used as impregnating agent while the solvent combination acetonitrile–methanol–(0.5% l‐tartaric acid in water, pH 5)–glacial acetic acid (7:1:1.1:0.7, v/v) was successful as mobile phase as it contained l‐tartaric acid as the chiral additive. (R)‐mandelic acid was successful as chiral impregnating reagent with ethyl acetate–methanol–water (3:1:1, v/v), as the mobile phase. The effects of concentration of chiral selectors, temperature and pH were examined on enantiomeric resolution. The spots were detected with iodine vapors and the detection limits were found to be 0.12 µg for each enantiomer of penicillamine with l‐tartaric acid, under both the conditions, and 0.11 µg with (R)‐mandelic acid. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mixed micellar liquid chromatography methods: modelling quantitative retention–activity relationships of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors
Authors: Wu Li‐ping , Cui Yan , Xiong Mei‐jin , Wang Shu‐rong , Chen Cong , Ye Li‐ming 
Published: July 2008

AbstractThe capability of biopartitioning micellar chromatography (BMC), using pure Brij35 solution and mixed micellar system of Brij35–SDS (85:15) as mobile phase, to describe and estimate bioactivities of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors at different pH has been studied. Quantitative retention–activity relationships (QRAR) in BMC were investigated for these compounds. The obtained BMCBrij35–SDS–QRAR models were compared with the traditional BMCBrij35–QRAR, and better statistically models were obtained using Brij35‐SDS retention data. The superiority of BMCBrij35–SDS–QRAR is due to the fact that the mixed micellar mobile phase can simulate the resting membrane potential and the conformation of the long hydrophilic polyoxyethylene chains remains unchanged. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
High‐performance liquid chromatography and LC‐ESI‐MS method for the identification and quantification of two biologically active isomeric coumarinolignoids cleomiscosin A and cleomiscosin B in different extracts of Cleome viscosa
Authors: Chattopadhyay Sunil K. , Kumar Satyanshu , Tripathi Sarita , Kaur Ranjeet , Tandon Sudeep , Rane Shailendra 
Published: July 2008

AbstractA rapid, sensitive and simple reverse‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatographic–electrospray ionization–mass spectrometry method for simultaneous determination of cleomiscosin A and cleomiscosin B has been developed and validated. The isomeric coumarinolignoids cleomiscosin A (1) and cleomiscosin B (2) were separated on a Waters symmetry C18 column with a solvent system composed of acetonitrile–methanol (1:2) and acetic acid–water (0.5 : 99.5) in a gradient elution mode. The absorption at 326 nm was chosen as the measuring wavelength in which resolution and baseline separation of compounds 1 and 2 could be obtained. The identity of the two isomeric compounds 1 and 2 in the samples were determined on a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer with ESI interface operating in the positive mode. Calibration curves were linear (r2 > 0.993) over the concentration range 20–200 µg/mL for cleomiscosin A and 10–200 µg/mL for cleomiscosin B with acceptable accuracy and precision, respectively. The intra‐day and inter‐day precision were 1.13 and 0.82% for cleomiscosin A and 1.78 and 1.28% for cleomiscosin B, respectively. The validated method was successfully applied for the analysis of the above two compounds in different extracts of Cleome viscosa. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Subunit structure of glycinin and its molecular species based on RP‐HPLC, gel electrophoresis and SEC studies
Authors: Bhushan Ravi , Arya Upasana 
Published: July 2008

AbstractGlycinin and its molecular species (glycinin I and glycinin II) were separated and isolated. The number and kind of subunits of glycinin, glycinin I and glycinin II were determined. Studies were carried out under different experimental conditions using slab gel electrophoresis, size‐exclusion chromatography and reversed‐phase high performance liquid chromatography. Gel electrophoresis was done using both continuous and discontinuous system and under varying concentrations of resolving gel. In addition, the subunits were separated by reversed phase using gradient program. Glycinin and glycinin II were found to have 12 subunits each while glycinin I showed six subunits. Molecular weight and weight ratio in each case were also determined. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Rapid and sensitive HPLC‐MS/MS method for pharmacokinetic assessment of ribavirin in healthy Chinese
Authors: Zhou Zhi‐Ling , Yu Xi‐Yong , Yang Min , Peng Huai‐Yan , Chen Tie‐Feng , Lin Qiu‐Xiong , Shan Zhi‐Xin , Liu Xiao‐Ying , Deng Chun‐Yu , Zhu Ping , Huang Xiao‐Zhong , Lin Shu‐Guang 
Published: July 2008

AbstractA rapid and sensitive quantitative assay method was developed for determining ribavirin pharmacokinetic in human plasma. The chromatographic separation was achieved within 4.5 min using a SinoChrom ODS‐BP column (4.6 × 150 mm, 5 µm) with acetonitrile–water (1 mmol/L ammonium acetate buffer, 0.1% formic acid; 15:85, v/v) at a constant flow rate of 0.8 mL/min. The MRM pairs were m/z 245.2 → m/z 113.1 for ribavirin and m/z 226.1 → m/z 152.1 for acyclovir (internal standard), respectively, with dwell times of 200 ms for each transition. The results showed calibration curve for ribavirin was linear over a concentration range of 1–1000 ng/mL. The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) was 1 ng/mL ribavirin. Twenty healthy volunteers received a 300 mg oral dose of ribavirin. Blood samples were then collected up to 120 h postdosing. All plasma data were comodeled for ribavirin by using noncompartmental modeling. The single dose of ribavirin was well tolerated and no serious adverse effects occurred. The mean time to maximum concentration was about 1.25 h. The mean maximum concentration of drug in plasma for oral ribavirin was 250 ng/mL. The mean elimination half‐life was 43.6 h. The present study describes a simple, specific, sensitive HPLC–MS/MS method for measuring plasma drug concentration and analyzing human pharmacokinetics of ribavirin. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthetic Antimicrobial Peptides as Agricultural Pesticides for Plant‐Disease Control
Authors: Montesinos Emilio , Bardají Eduard 
Published: July 2008

AbstractThere is a need of antimicrobial compounds in agriculture for plant‐disease control, with low toxicity and reduced negative environmental impact. Antimicrobial peptides are produced by living organisms and offer strong possibilities in agriculture because new compounds can be developed based on natural structures with improved properties of activity, specificity, biodegradability, and toxicity. Design of new molecules has been achieved using combinatorial‐chemistry procedures coupled to high‐throughput screening systems and data processing with design‐of‐experiments (DOE) methodology to obtain QSAR equation models and optimized compounds. Upon selection of best candidates with low cytotoxicity and moderate stability to protease digestion, anti‐infective activity has been evaluated in plant–pathogen model systems. Suitable compounds have been submitted to acute toxicity testing in higher organisms and exhibited a low toxicity profile in a mouse model. Large‐scale production can be achieved by solution organic or chemoenzymatic procedures in the case of very small peptides, but, in many cases, production can be performed by biotechnological methods using genetically modified microorganisms (fermentation) or transgenic crops (plant biofactories).