bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Middle ear effusion: An orthodontic perspective
Authors: Mew John R. C. , Meredith George W. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractDeviations in facial form are discussed. On the basis of previously published hypotheses, it is suggested that oropharyngeal development may be influenced by the posture, and function of the tongue, lips, and jaws. Attention is drawn to the relationship between a firm tongue to palate swallow, and the pump action of the palatine aponeurosis, which it is suggested is necessary for the aeration of the Eustachian tube. The pump action appears to be reduced in long faced adenoidal children, but clinical evidence suggests that it can be regenerated by early Orthotropics (growth guidance) aimed at directing facial growth forward, instead of downward. Any reduction in the height of the face, facilitates an improved lip seal, without which the downward pattern of facial growth is likely to continue. On occasions when these objectives are achieved it would seem that sufficient room is created to align all 32 teeth, with excellent facial form, and little otolaryngological pathology.
Myringoplasty for the anterior perforation: experience with the Kerr flap
Authors: Sharp J. F. , Terzis T. F. , Robinson J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractSurgical closure of the anteriorly located tympanic membrane perforation can present a problem. The lack of anterior support for the graft frequently leads to graft failure if an underlay method is used whereas anterior blunting is a complication of onlay techniques in this situation. The experience with the Kerr flap, an underlay graft fashioned to include a tab of fascia which is placed laterally under the annulus and the anterior meatal skin, is presented. This method gave a 97.5 per cent closure rate with no cases of anterior marginal blunting and a mean auditory threshold gain of 8.5 dB (95 per cent confidence limits 5 to 11.9 dB, P<O.O1) was achieved at the frequencies tested. The use of the Kerr flap is recommended when repairing the anteriorly placed tympanic membrane perforation
The histology of ‘stored’ autologous ossicles
Authors: Wake M. , Robinson J. M. , Sheehan A. L. , Bazerbachi S. , Codling B. W. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractControversy still exists concerning the ultimate fate of transposted or transplanted ossicles in tympanoplasty. Histological studies on autologous and homologous ossicles removed at revision operations, or from animal studies, vary in their conclusions. The viability, of such materials used in the long-term is still uncertain. Whether this has any functional significance is also uncertain.This report contains a histological review of 10 ossicle remnants stored in the ‘closed’ mastoid cavity for 12 months, following closed cavity mastoidectomy (combined approach tympanoplasty)
Immunohistochemical findings of IgG recognized in the planum semilunatum of the guinea pig
Authors: Ikeda Minoru , Morgenstern Claus 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe planum semilunatum is located on the lateral side of the crista ampullaris of thesemicircular canal. With regard to the functions of the planum semilunatum, some researchers assume the existence of secretory activity based on the microstructural features observed in isotopic experiments. In the present study, in order to confirm the existence of an immunological mechanism in the ampulla of the semicircular canal, the distribution of immunoglobulins in the semi-circular canal of guinea pigs was investigated immunohistochemically. Positivity of IgG wasobserved in the constituent cells of the planum semilunatum or beneath the basement membrane ofthe cells.It is concluded that ample IgG, which is an important constituent of the body fluids, is collected within this region. The planum semilunatum containing such ample amounts of IgG might be involved in the immunological mechanism operating in the ampullar of the semicircular canal.
The antrum exclusion technique in cholesteatoma surgery
Authors: Villarejo P. López , Baños E. Cantillo , Ramos Jurado 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA new surgical technique for the treatment of cholesteatoma is reported. The technique involvesautoexclusion for exteriorization of the attic and tympanic box only. The resulting cavity is rather small.The technique allows visual post-operative control of the attic and tympanic membrane. There isno visual access to the mastoid cavity which, however, is the most unlikely site for occurrenceof a residual cholesteatoma.The proposed technique was applied to 102 patients and both the anatomic and functional resultsobtained are reported.
Radical mastoid cavity reconstruction—the pedicled musculofascial flap
Authors: Dawlatly E. E. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThis paper reports a new procedure used successfully in the reconstruction of 12 radical mastoid cavities in King Fahd Hospital of the University, Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia. A composite pedicled flap composed of temporalis muscle and its fascia attached along one border, based posteriorly, is rotated in to the radical cavity. The muscle is used to obliterate the cavity and the fascia is hinged forward as a tympanic membrane graft.
The Groningen valve voice prosthesis in Sheffield: a 4-year review
Authors: Parker A. J. , O'Leary I. K. , Wight R. G. , Clegg R. T. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe Groningen valve was first used in Sheffield in 1986 in a patient who underwent laryngectomy for malignant disease. Since then a further 21 patients have made use of this device, 17 of whom underwent insertion at the time of surgery. All patients were male, two patients have since died and the median length of follow-up to date has been 22.0 (range 2–41) months.Prostheses were replaced mainly under general anaesthesia if they leaked or resulted in difficult phonation. A total of 73 valve insertions have been performed with a median time of 4.0 (range 0.25–27) months between each. of the 15 men in whom the prosthesis is currently in use, speech was generally good-excellent.The Groningen valve provides a highly acceptable means of obtaining vocalization after laryngectomy in the patients in this series.
Myringitis bullosa haemorrhagica: clinical course influenced by tympanosclerosis
Authors: Woo John K. S. , van Hasselt C. Andrew , Gluckman Paul G. C. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractObservations based on two contrasting cases of myringitis bullosa haemorrhagica indicate that tympanosclerosis involving the tympanic membrane may have a significant effect on the clinical course of the disease. The evidence suggests that the bullae associated with the condition arise from the epidermal layer of the eardrum.
Viability of chondroplastic graft
Authors: Spencer M. G. , Mackay A. M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe operation of chondroplastic graft augmentation rhinoplasty was described in a previous paper by the present author. Seventeen months following one such clinically successful operation, the opportunity was taken at a subsequent nasal procedure to remove a small portion of the original graft and submit this to histological examination. The results of this confirm the viability of a graft harvested and implanted by this technique.
Pneumoparotitis
Authors: Curtin J. J. , Ridley N. T. F. , Cumberworth V. L. , Glover G. W. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPneumoparotitis is a rare cause of parotid enlargement. It is due to a reflux of air through Stensen's duct into the acini of the parotid gland with subsequent dilatation. We report a case which followed a long history of autoinflation of the middle ears by the Valsalva manoeuvre. The plain radiographic, sialographic and ultrasound findings are presented.
Ossification of the epiglottis
Authors: Milroy C. M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe epiglottis is formed of elastic cartilage. Unlike the hyaline cartilage which forms the thyroid cartilage, cricoid and arytenoids, the elastic cartilage of the epiglottis does not undergo ossification with age. A case of ossification of the epiglottis is presented and heterotopic ossification in the head and neck is discussed.
The acceptability of secondary tracheo-oesophageal fistula creation in long standing laryngectomees
Authors: Camilleri A. E. , Mackenzie K. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe use of a tracheo-oesophageal voice prosthesis was introduced to the Glasgow Royal Infirmary Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery unit in 1986. Although it was the authors' impression that most total laryngectomees since then had been offered this method of voice restoration, it was thought that long standing laryngectomees were seldom offered tracheo-oesophageal fistula (TOF) speech. Therefore all 58 total laryngectomees currently attending the combined head and neck surgery/radiotherapy clinic were assessed. Thirtytwo had a tracheo-oesophargeal fistula with voice prosthesis. All of these patients had undergone their total laryngectomy since 1986 and 83 per cent had achieved TOF speech. The remaining 26 patients (who mostly had their laryngectomy before 1986) had not been offered TOF speech. An outpatient consultation was arranged for these patients and 63 per cent of those offered, accepted TOF creation and a voice prosthesis. When compared to those who refused, it was found that good oesophageal speech, age or interval since laryngectomy were not good predictors of likely refusal. This study indicates that all fit long standing laryngectomees should be offered secondary TOF creation.
Parapharyngeal neurofibromas
Authors: Tandon D. A. , Bahadur S. , Misra N. K. , Deka R. C. , Kapila K. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThis paper is a retrospective study of 15 patients with parapharyngeal neurofibromas operated over a six year period. No patient presented with a neurological deficit. CT scans revealed a well encapsulated moderately enhancing mass in ten cases. The tumour was removed by a transcervical approach in ten cases while in five a cervical-transpharyngeal route with mandibulotomy was used; in three of the latter group the tumour was retropharyngeal. In two cases a recurrence was successfully excised. It was realized that a mandibulotomy was required when the internal carotid was displaced medially, or if the tumour extended to the base of skull or when its vertical diameter exceeded 8 cm.
Distribution of topical antibiotic preparations in mastoid cavities
Authors: Martin-Hirsch D. P. , Lannigan F. , Irani B. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTopical antibiotic preparations are widely prescribed in the treatment of infected mastoid cavities with no knowledge of the distribution of the preparation within the cavity. This study ascertains the distribution of drop and spray preparations within mastoid cavities and suggests methods of delivery to maximize coverage.
Malignant head and neck germ cell tumours
Authors: Lanza J. , Wooh K. , Goldberg S. , Har-El G. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractMalignant germ cell tumours of the head and neck are extremely rare. Their behaviour, despite aggressive surgical and adjuvant therapy, is relentless with most cases resulting in a fatal outcome. In this paper we present a case of a cervical embryonal carcinoma and review the presentation, clinical course and treatment of malignant germ cell tumours.
Multiple ganglioneuroma of the neck
Authors: Shotton J. C. , Milton C. M. , Allen J. P. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA case of multiple ganglioneuroma arising along the entire length of the cervical sympathetic chain of one side of the neck is described. This is a distinctly unusual site and distribution of the disease and computed tomography proved invaluable to demonstrate its extent, in addition to excluding involvement of more caudal regions.
The clinical application of oto-acoustic emissions in paediatric audiological assessment
Authors: Baldwin Margaret , Watkin P. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe value of otoacoustic emissions as an objective screening test for normal peripheral auditory function in infants is currently the subject of extensive and promising research. Additionally the measurement of cochlear emissions is potentially useful when children cannot be tested reliably by traditional subjective methods but confirmation of normal hearing is diagnostically important. Three groups of children are described who present such audiological dilemmas: children with non-organic hearing loss, children with severe learning difficulties and more rarely children with an abnormal auditory brainstem response who also have damage to the central nervous system. In all three groups otoacoustic emission testing was found to be diagnostically useful in determining normal peripheral auditory function thereby resolving some of the dilemmas facing paediatric audiology and ENT clinics.
Otological manifestations of thalassaemia intermedia: evidence of temporal bone involvement and report of a unique cholesteatoma-like lesion
Authors: Sheikha Anwar , Kameswaran Mohan , Okafor B. C. , Al-Saigh Abdul-Aziz 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThalassaemia intermedia should be considered in any chronically anaemic patient presenting fromthe Middle East with hearing impairment. We report here three Saudi siblings with thalassaemia intermedia and features of severe bone marrow expansion, particularly invading the temporal bone. They were seen first for their otological problems before they had access to proper haematological evaluation. One member was admitted for surgical exploration of a cholesteatoma, which was then found to be marrow expansion of the temporal bone. Screening of the family revealed twomore anaemic siblings with thalassaemia intermedia. Audiological examination of all the family members showed that only the two affected members had a high frequency sen-sori-neural hearing loss.Bone marrow expansion into the temporal bone is a rare feature of thalassaemia intermedia. Cholesteatoma-like lesion has not been previously described. It has to be considered in all cases of symptomatic thalassaemia intermedia manifesting with cavitation and lytic lesions in the mastoid system. The likelihood that sensorineu-ral hearing loss may complicate the thalassaemias israised and the possible mechanism for such involvement discussed. The proper management for different otological manifestations of the thalassaemias is suggested. These cases would suggest amore extensive involvement of the temporal bone in the thalassaemias than has been previously recognized. Further large scale studies are required to illuminate the subject.
Rhinosporidiosis in Europe
Authors: van der Coer J. M. G. I. , Marres H. A. M. , Wlelinga E. W. J. , Wong-alcala L. S. M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractRhinosporidiosis is an inflammatory disease of the nasal mucosa caused by Rhinosporidium seeberi. The disease is endemic in India but very rare in Europe or other continents. The literature concerning aetiology, clinical appearance, morphology and treatment is reviewed. All reported European cases are summarized.
Neonatal vallecular cysts and failure to thrive
Authors: Gluckman P. G. C. , Chu T. W. F. , van Hasselt C. A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe case of a vallecular cyst in a neonate is described. The presentation was with failure to thrive. This previously unreported mode of presentation is discussed, and aspects of the management are emphasized. In particular, the value of flexible nasopharyngoscopy in assessing the neonatal laryngopharynx is highlighted.
Pulmonary tuberculosis presenting as suspected foreign body aspiration
Authors: Irving R. M. , Richards A. , Fisher E. W. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTuberculosis is a disease of protean manifestations, and despite a falling incidence is still prevalent in our society.We present a case of a child whose history and preoperative chest radiograph suggested the presence of a foreign body, but subsequent examination of the material removed at endoscopy revealed a diagnosis of tuberculosis. We suggest that all friable material removed from the lower respiratory tract be submitted for microscopy, culture and histopathology with this diagnosis in mind.
Correlation between temporal bone pneumatization, location of lateral sinus and length of the mastoid process
Authors: Turgut S. , Tos M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe relationship between temporal bone pneumatization and the location of the lateral sinus and length of the mastoid process was investigated in 60 fresh frozen adult temporal bones, by plain X-rays, computed tomography and surgical dissection including otomicroscopic findings. Temporal bone pneumatization was classified as small, moderate and large. After drilling, the shortest distances between the middle fossa dura and mastoid tip representing the mastoid length and between the sigmoid sinus and posterior border of external auditory canal were measured and compared to the degree of pneumatization. The distances in the specimens with pathological eardrum and adhesions in the middle ear were compared to the ones without gross pathology. The length of mastoid process was significantly shorter in specimens with small pneumatization than those with large (Mann WhitneyP<0.001).The specimens with a pathological eardrum and middle ear adhesions had a significantly shorter mastoid length than those without gross pathology. There was no significant difference between degree of pneumatization and the shortest distance between sigmoid sinus and external auditory canal (Mann WhitneyP>0.05). It is demonstrated that the ‘under-developed’ mastoid process can be a consequence of hampered pneumatization.
Milk nasendoscopy in the assessment of dysphagia
Authors: Wilson P. S. , Hoare T. J. , Johnson A. P. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe bedside assessment of dysphagia may be difficult, due to the inability to witness the act of swallowing directly. The milk test described in this paper gives a good assessment of swallowing, is cheap and easily portable and allows an instant decision to be made without recourse to special investigations.
Endoscopic endonasal surgery of posterior choanal atresia
Authors: El Guindy A. , El Sherief S. , Hagrass M. , Gamea A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe use of the rigid endoscope in the management of posterior choanal atresia represents a significant advancement in choanal surgery. It provides an extremely sharp image with a magnified overview. It enables the surgeon to see the tips of his instruments, so that the bone is removed safely under direct endoscopic vision. It allows assessment of the size of the opening, in comparison to the normal choana. It ensures greater precision in flap preservation. The technique is short in time and safe, with early recovery and short hospitalization.
Radiation-induced antrochoanal fibrosarcoma
Authors: Liddington M. I. , Harrison R. F. , Path M. R. C. , Booth A. P. , Das Gupta A. R. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTherapeutic radiation for malignant conditions is known to cause sarcomatous change in an irradiated field after a latent period; equally this change may occur following radiotherapy to benign conditions which may result in a more difficult management problem later. Radiotherapy to benign conditions should be reserved for use after failure of conventional surgery or other interventional techniques.
Facts and fantasies in modern otology: the ear doctor's dilemma
Authors: Smyth Gordon D. L. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractUntil it is accepted that many of the recommendations for surgical treatment of middle ear disease, based on impressions formed twenty years ago, are misleading, attempts to rationalize the use of hospital resources will be little more than cosmesis. Responsibility for the initiation of cost-effective reform is primarily that of surgeons and requires urgent self-audit and the provision of realistic advice to patients (and administrators) as to what benefits microsurgery of the ear can offer.
A five year follow up of incus transposition in relation to the first stage tympanoplasty technique
Authors: Donaldson I. , Snow D. G. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThis study was set up, prospectively, to determine factors affecting the long-term hearing results of patients undergoing incus transposition as a second stage in ossicular reconstruction, following a successful drumhead repair in non-cholesteatoma ears. Seventy-one patients were entered into the study over five years from 1980–1985, 66 were available to be studied throughout the five year follow-up period.Nine weeks post-operatively, 74 per cent of all patients has an air-bone gap of less than 15 dB (48/66). The type of first stage procedure had a significant effect on the hearing levels in the final five year assessment. The most successful sub-group were those patients who had a cortical mastoidectomy and silastic sheeting inserted in the first staging procedure. The air-bone gap, of less than 15 dB, was maintained in 71 per cent of this group (17/24). The sub-group who had a simple myringoplasty as the primary procedure had a good initial hearing level. By five years, however, only 30 per cent of the patients had maintained the air-bone gap of less than 30 dB (3/11).
Oncocytic papillary cystadenomatosis of the larynx
Authors: Martin-Hirsch D. P. , Lannigan F. J. , Irani B. , Batman P. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractSymptomatic oncocytic disease of the larynx is rare. Review of the world literature reveals that isolated, symptomatic cases of oncocytoma of the larynx have been previously reported to involve discrete sites usually the laryngeal ventricles and vestibular folds. A unique case of multifocal cystic oncocytic hyperplasia necessitating laryngectomy is reported. CT scan of the larynx suggested destruction of the cartilage. Malignant histological features were not present.This report raises the question whether previously described cases of oncocytoma of the larynx also had diffuse involvement. If oncocytosis is a diffuse process then it is suggested that patients should be kept under review for recurring lesions.
Treatment of allergic and vasomotor rhinitis by the local application of different concentrations of silver nitrate
Authors: Bhargava K. B. , Shirali G. N. , Abhyankar U. S. , Gadre K. C. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIn 1980, Bhargava et al. reported a new treatment of allergic and vasomotor rhinitis by the local application of 15 percent silver nitrate. The results of further studies of the treatment by using different concentrations of silver nitrate ranging from 5 percent to 25 percent and normal saline as placebo are presented here; 15 percent has been found to be the most effective concentration giving successful results in 75.7 per cent of cases. It is applied to the anterior portion of both inferior turbinates and the anterior part of the nasal septum once aweek on five occasions.Best relief was obtained from the most annoying symptoms of sneezing and rhinorrhoea. Asthma was controlled in 50 percent of such patients who had attacks of allergic rhinitis followed by asthma.For this widely prevalent disease, the treatment was found to be simple, easy and useful, with negligible side-effects.
Difficult diagnostic laryngoscopy and bronchoscopy aided by the laryngeal mask airway
Authors: Maroof Mohammad , Siddique Mahmood , Khan Rashid M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA case of difficult diagnostic rigid bronchoscopy is described. However, flexible fibrescopy could be easily performed through a laryngeal mask airway despite complete lack of experience by the operator. Excellent visualization of the larynx and bronchial tree with minimal haemodynamic disturbance accompanied the technique.
Acute stridor due to bilateral vocal fold paralysis as a presenting sign of myasthenia gravis
Authors: Fairley James W. , Hughes Marianne 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe describe a case of myasthenia gravis in a 46-year-old man presenting as acute stridor with bilateral abductor paralysis of the vocal folds. Prompt diagnosis and medical treatment with pyridostigmine avoided the need for tracheostomy. It is important to remember the possibility of myasthenia gravis in cases of stridor due to bilateral vocal fold paralysis, since effective medical treatment is available.