bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of NKISK on tendon lengthening: An in vivo model for various clinically applicable dosing regimens
Authors: Esther Robert J. , Creighton R. Alexander , Draeger Reid W. , Weinhold Paul S. , Dahners Laurence E. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractOne proposed mechanism of tendon lengthening is the “sliding fibril” hypothesis, in which tendons lengthen through the sliding of discontinuous fibrils after release of decorin‐fibronectin interfibrillar bonds. The pentapeptide NKISK has been reported to inhibit the binding of decorin, a proteoglycan on the surface of collagen fibrils, to fibronectin, a tissue adhesion molecule, which are thought to play a role in interfibrillar binding. Prior investigations have demonstrated that NKISK produces in vivo tendon lengthening. This study investigates the effect of potential clinically applicable NKISK injection regimens in an in vivo model. One hundred and thirteen male Sprague‐Dawley rats were divided into 15 different treatment groups, each receiving percutaneous patellar tendon injections of NKISK, QKTSK (a “nonsense” pentapeptide), or PBS of varying volumes, concentrations, and injection schedules. Following sacrifice, the patellar tendon lengths were measured in all groups, and biomechanical testing was performed with comparisons made to the contralateral, untreated control limbs. Tendon lengthening was significantly greater (p ≤ 0.05) in nearly all NKISK‐treated tendons as compared to PBS‐ and QKTSK‐treated tendons and was dose‐dependent. Measured lengthening was less in rats whose sacrifice was delayed following the final injection of NKISK, which likely indicates recontraction of lengthened tendons, but they remained significantly longer than the controls. Biomechanical testing did not reveal significant differences in ultimate load, modulus, stiffness, or displacement. This study demonstrates that NKISK given in clinically plausible dosing regimens produces dose‐dependent tendon lengthening in an in vivo setting with minimal effects on the mechanical properties of the treated tendons. © 2008 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 26:971–976, 2008
Chondrocytes harvested from osteochondritis dissecans cartilage are able to undergo limited in vitro chondrogenesis despite having perturbations of cell phenotype in vivo
Authors: Garvican E.R. , Vaughan‐Thomas A. , Redmond C. , Clegg P.D. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractOur objective was to characterize the variation in gene expression for key genes associated with chondrogenic phenotype of osteochondrosis (OC)‐affected and normal chondrocytes, and to identify whether OC chondrocytes can redifferentiate and regain a phenotype similar to normal chondrocytes if appropriate chondrogenic signals are given. Equine articular cartilage removed at surgery to treat clinically significant OC lesions was collected (n = 10), and the gene expression evaluated and compared to aged‐matched normal samples (n = 10). Cartilage was harvested from normal (n = 4) and OC (n = 3) joints from horses at necropsy. Chondrogenic pellet cultures were established following monolayer proliferation. After 14 days in culture, the pellets were assessed by histochemical and pellet weight analysis, assay of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content, and gene expression. Chondrocytes from OC cartilage expressed significantly moreColl‐I,‐II,‐III, and‐Xthan chondrocytes from normal cartilage (allp < 0.0001). Furthermore, OC chondrocytes expressed significantly moreMMP‐13,ADAMTS‐4(bothp < 0.0001), andTIMP‐1(p < 0.001) and significantly lessTIMP‐2andTIMP‐3. Pellets created from OC chondrocytes contained significantly less GAG (p = 0.0069) and expressed significantly lessSox9and significantly more superficial zone protein (SZP) (p = 0.0105) than pellets created from normal cartilage. The results suggest that chondrocytes from OC cartilage at the time of surgical treatment have perturbations in phenotype compared to cells from normal cartilage. Despite these differences, following monolayer expansion and pellet culture under chondrogenic conditions, chondrocytes derived from OC cartilage retain some ability to undergo chondrogenic differentiation and synthesize an appropriate cartilage‐like matrix. However, this chondrogenic differentiation potential is inferior to that seen in aged‐matched normal chondrocytes. © 2008 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 26:1133–1140, 2008
Promotion of osteogenesis in tissue‐engineered bone by pre‐seeding endothelial progenitor cells‐derived endothelial cells
Authors: Yu Haiying , VandeVord Pamela J. , Gong Weiming , Wu Bin , Song Zheng , Matthew Howard W. , Wooley Paul H. , Yang Shang‐You 
Published: March 2008

AbstractIn addition to a biocompatible scaffold and an osteogenic cell population, tissue‐engineered bone requires an appropriate vascular bed to overcome the obstacle of nutrient and oxygen transport in the 3D structure. We hypothesized that the addition of endothelial cells (ECs) may improve osteogenesis and prevent necrosis of engineered bone via effective neovascularization. Osteoblasts and ECs were differentiated from bone marrow of BALB/c mice, and their phenotypes were confirmed prior to implantation. Cylindrical porous polycaprolactone (PCL)‐hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffolds were synthesized. ECs were seeded on scaffolds followed by seeding of osteoblasts in the EC‐OB group. In the OB group, scaffolds were only seeded with osteoblasts. The cell‐free scaffolds were denoted as control group. A 0.4‐cm‐long segmental femur defect was established and replaced with the grafts. The grafts were evaluated histologically at 6 weeks postimplantation. In comparison with the OB group, the EC‐OB group resulted in a widely distributed capillary network, osteoid generated by osteoblasts and absent ischemic necroses. Pre‐seeding scaffold with ECs effectively promoted neovascularization in grafts, prevented the ischemic necrosis, and improved osteogenesis. The integration of bone marrow‐derived ECs and osteoblasts in porous scaffold is a useful strategy to achieve engineered bone. © 2008 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 26:1147–1152, 2008
Generic cuts in models of arithmetic
Authors: Kaye Richard 
Published: March 2008

AbstractWe present some general results concerning the topological space of cuts of a countable model of arithmetic given by a particular indicatorY.The notion of “indicator” is de.ned in a novel way, without initially specifying what property is indicated and is used to de.ne a topological space of cuts of the model. Various familiar properties of cuts (strength, regularity, saturation, coding properties) are investigated in this sense, and several results are given stating whether or not the set of cuts having the property is comeagre.A new notion of “generic cut” is introduced and investigated and it is shown in the case of countable arithmetically saturated modelsM⊧ PA that generic cuts exist, indeed the set of generic cuts is comeagre in the sense of Baire, and furthermore that two generic cuts within the same “small interval” of the model are conjugate by an automorphism of the model.The paper concludes by outlining some applications to constructions of cuts satisfying properties incompatible with genericity, and discussing in model‐theoretic terms those properties for which there is an indicatorY. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Algebraization of logics defined by literal‐paraconsistent or literal‐paracomplete matrices
Authors: Hirsh Eduardo , Lewin Renato A. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractWe study the algebraizability of the logics constructed using literal‐paraconsistent and literal‐paracomplete matrices described by Lewin and Mikenberg in [11], proving that they are all algebraizable in the sense of Blok and Pigozzi in [3] but not finitely algebraizable. A characterization of the finitely algebraizable logics defined by LPP‐matrices is given.We also make an algebraic study of the equivalent algebraic semantics of the logics associated to the matrices ℳ︁32,2, ℳ︁32,1, ℳ︁31,1, ℳ︁31,3, and ℳ︁4 appearing in [11] proving that they are not varieties and finding the free algebra over one generator. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A definable nonstandard enlargement
Authors: Herzberg Frederik 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThis article establishes the existence of a definable (over ZFC), countably saturated nonstandard enlargement of the superstructure over the reals. This nonstandard universe is obtained as the union of an inductive chain of bounded ultrapowers (i.e. bounded with respect to the superstructure hierarchy). The underlying ultrafilter is the one constructed by Kanovei and Shelah [10]. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
n ‐fold filters in BL‐algebras
Authors: Haveshki Masoud , Eslami Esfandiar 
Published: March 2008

AbstractIn this paper we introduce n ‐fold (positive) implicative basis logic and the related algebras called n ‐fold (positive) implicative BL‐algebras. Also we define n ‐fold (positive) implicative filters and we prove some relations between these filters and construct quotient algebras via these filters. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The axiom of choice and the law of excluded middle in weak set theories
Authors: Bell John L. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractA weak form of intuitionistic set theoryWSTlacking the axiom of extensionality is introduced. WhileWSTis too weak to support the derivation of the law of excluded middle from the axiom of choice, we show that bee.ng upWSTwith moderate extensionality principles or quotient sets enables the derivation to go through. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Free Zn2+ enhances inhibitory effects of EGCG on the growth of PC‐3 cells
Authors: Sun Shi‐li , He Guo‐qing , Yu Hai‐ning , Yang Jun‐guo , Borthakur Devajit , Zhang Lan‐cui , Shen Sheng‐rong , Das Undurti N 
Published: March 2008

AbstractEpigallocatechin‐3‐gallate (EGCG), a major component of green tea, has both preventive and therapeutic beneficial actions in prostate cancer. In the present study, we compared the growth inhibitory effects and the antioxidant and ability to modify cell membrane permeation of zinc‐EGCG complex and Zn2+/EGCG mixture on androgen‐insensitive prostate cancer (PC‐3) cells. It was noted that free Zn2+ enhanced the growth inhibitory effects of EGCG on PC‐3 cells at 160 μmol/L concentration, whereas zinc‐EGCG complex was ineffective. EGCG showed potent free radical scavenging ability in the presence of Zn2+. EGCG in the presence of Zn2+ was more effective than EGCG alone in enhancing the permeability of the cell membrane, whereas zinc‐EGCG complex had no effect on PC‐3 cell membrane permeability. These results indicate that though Zn2+ enhanced the action of EGCG on PC‐3 cells, zinc‐EGCG complex is highly unlikely to be formed in the presence of Zn2+ and EGCG to explain the potentiating action of Zn2+ on the growth inhibitory property of EGCG on PC‐3 cells.
Evaluation of total quinolizidine alkaloids content in lupin flours, lupin‐based ingredients, and foods
Authors: Resta Donatella , Boschin Giovanna , D'Agostina Alessandra , Arnoldi Anna 
Published: March 2008

AbstractLupin proteins are gaining attention to replace animal proteins and other plants ingredients in several foods such as bakery products, imitation dairy and meat products, and beverages. One of the major safety issues of lupin‐based foods is the presence of quinolizidine alkaloids (QAs), bitter compounds produced by lupin plants as a defense mechanism against predators. In mammals, QA intoxication is characterized by trembling, shaking, excitation, and convulsion. Lupanine and sparteine, the most common QAs, show acute oral toxicity due to neurological effects leading to the loss of motor co‐ordination and muscular control. In this paper, 27 samples of lupin‐based products, i. e., flours, protein isolates, and food (either model or commercially available ones), were analyzed for evaluating the QA content using a method based on GC/MS. All the analyzed samples were safe since they respect the maximum limit of 200 mg/kg fixed by the Health Authorities of Australia, New Zealand, Great Britain, and France, that have regulated this topic. The QA contents were particularly low in protein isolates and in foods containing these ingredients, indicating that their use is a very effective tool for keeping low the daily intake of QAs.
Pressure and temperature dependence of the chlorine NQR in caesium and sodium chlorates
Authors: Ramesh K. P. , Suresh K. S. , Raghavendra Rao C. , Ramakrishna J. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThe 35Cl nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) frequencies (νQ) in caesium and sodium chlorates were measured as a function of temperature, from 77 to 300 K at different pressures up to 5.1 kbar, and the data were analysed to estimate the volume dependence of the electric field gradient (EFG), torsional frequency and also the contributions to the NQR frequency from static and dynamic effects. The variation of spin‐lattice relaxation time with pressure at different temperatures was studied in the case of sodium chlorate and at room temperature in case of caesium chlorate. The pressure dependence of the spin‐lattice relaxation time (T1) suggests that the relaxation is mainly due to the torsional motions. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Stacking interaction study of trans‐resveratrol (trans‐3,5,4′‐trihydroxystilbene) in solution by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy
Authors: Bonechi Claudia , Martini Silvia , Magnani Agnese , Rossi Claudio 
Published: March 2008

AbstractInteractions between aromatic rings or other unsaturated systems, including π‐stacking and face‐to‐edge complexes, are the origin of many phenomena in both organic and biological chemistry. It is well known that these interactions play an important role in the stabilization of the stereo‐structure of DNA and the tertiary structure of many proteins.Trans‐resveratrol (trans‐3,5,4′‐trihydroxystilbene, trans‐RSV) is a phytoalexin found in Vitis sp. and in many other plants and food products and has received much attention because of its possible positive health benefits.In this work, the π‐stacking interaction of trans‐RSV was studied by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. In particular, the proton chemical shift dependence of the RSV concentration in the range 2 × 10−2 − 1 × 10−5 M and temperature were analysed. Moreover, the dynamics of the supramolecular aggregates were studied by nuclear spin relaxation data. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cauchy problem for a higher‐order Boussinesq equation
Authors: Duruk Nilay , Erkip Albert , Erbay Husnu A. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractIn this study we establish global well‐posedness of the Cauchy problem for a higher‐order Boussinesq equation. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Simulating solid state sintering and compaction of metal powder in the finite strain regime
Authors: Frischkorn Jan , Reese Stefanie 
Published: March 2008

AbstractIn many industrial applications (e.g. mills for crushing mineral goods, bearing rings) large ring‐shaped workpieces with thick outer wear resistant layers can be found. The powder metallurgical production of these layers on a substrate ring using the hot isostatic pressing technology (HIP) has become the most prevailing production process in this field.Nevertheless using the HIP technology shows some important drawbacks like long process times, high logistic costs and maximum ring diameters of about 1.5 meters. A remedy to these problems is expected from the process integrated powder coating through radial axial rolling of rings. Herein, HIP is replaced by integrating the compaction and sintering of the metal powder into the rolling process of the substrate ring. For this purpose a constitutive material model is introduced in the following, which is able to describe sintering and compaction of metal powder in the finite strain regime. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Direct discretization of the fractional‐order differential by using Chebyshev series expansion
Authors: Miyakoda Tsuyako 
Published: March 2008

AbstractIn this paper, we tried to evaluate the fractional derivatives by using the Chebyshev series expansion. We discuss the Riemann‐Liouville type of fractional derivative and apply the indefinite quadrature rule to estimate the values of the fractional derivative. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Integrated measurement system using accelerometers and gyros as peripheral sensors to estimate the motional state of an elastic beam
Authors: Örtel Thorsten , Wagner Jörg F. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractIntegrated navigation devices for vehicle guidance are the most common example of an integrated motion measurement system combining the signals from an inertial measurement unit (IMU consisting of three accelerometers and three gyros) and a GPS receiver with a single antenna. For this, the vehicle is traditionally assumed to be a single rigid body with six motional degrees of freedom to be determined. During periods of low vehicle dynamics the common integrated navigation systems show, however, stability problems. Nevertheless, the stability of the system can be guaranteed by distributing sensors over the vehicle structure. In this case the rigid body assumption has to be expanded to take the distributed sensors and the flexibility of the structure into account.Integrated systems in general are fusing different measuring signals by combining their benefits and blinding out their disadvantages. For instance, gyros and accelerometers are used to obtain reliable signals with a good time resolution. On the other hand, aiding sensors like radar units and strain gauges are known to be long‐term accurate. Furthermore, the kernel of such integrated systems consists of an extended Kalman filter that estimates the motion state of the structure. Besides the sensor signals, the basis for the filter is an additional kinematical model of the structure which has to be developed individually.The example of the motion of an elastic beam being considered here is meant to be an approach to obtain motional measurements of a wing of a large airplane during flight. By means of a modal approach, a kinematical model of the beam was developed. This paper will compare integrated systems utilising accelerometers as peripheral sensors with systems using gyros and systems with a combination of both peripheral sensor types. Based on simulation the paper shows this approach, different sensor configurations, and estimated motion results of an elastic beam. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Locally supported spherical wavelets based on block grids
Authors: Schreiner Michael 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThis paper presents a method for approximating spherical functions from discrete data of a block–wise grid structure. The essential ingredients of the approach are scaling and wavelet functions within a biorthogonalisation process generated by locally supported zonal kernel functions. In consequence, geophysically and geodetically relevant problems involving rotation–invariant pseudodifferential operators become attackable. A multiresolution analysis is formulated enabling a fast wavelet transform similar to the algorithms known from classical tensor product wavelet theory. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
On geometric dynamics of rigid multi‐body systems
Authors: Stramigioli Stefano , Duindam Vincent 
Published: March 2008

AbstractStandard methods to model multibody systems are aimed at systems with configuration spaces isomorphic to ℝn . This limitation leads to singularities and other artifacts in case the configuration space has a different topology, for example in the case of ball joints or a free‐floating mechanism. This paper discusses an extension of classical methods to allow for a very general class of joints, including all joints with a Lie group structure.The model equations are derived using the Boltzmann‐Hamel equations and have very similar structure and complexity as obtained using classical methods, but they do not suffer from singularities. Furthermore, the equations are explicit differential equations that can be directly implemented in simulation software. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A label‐free quantification method by MS/MS TIC compared to SILAC and spectral counting in a proteomics screen
Authors: Asara John M. , Christofk Heather R. , Freimark Lisa M. , Cantley Lewis C. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractIn order to assess the biological function of proteins and their modifications for understanding signaling mechanisms within cells as well as specific biomarkers to disease, it is important that quantitative information be obtained under different experimental conditions. Stable isotope labeling is a powerful method for accurately determining changes in the levels of proteins and PTMs; however, isotope labeling experiments suffer from limited dynamic range resulting in signal change ratios of less than ∼20:1 using most commercial mass spectrometers. Label‐free approaches to relative quantification in proteomics such as spectral counting have gained popularity since no additional chemistries are needed. Here, we show a label‐free method for relative quantification based on the TIC from peptide MS/MS spectra collected from data‐dependent runs can be used effectively as a quantitative measure and expands the dynamic range over isotope labeling experiments allowing for abundance differences up to ∼60:1 in a screen for proteins that bind to phosphotyrosine residues.
Proteomic profiling reveals that Th2‐inducing dendritic cells stimulated with helminth antigens have a ‘limited maturation’ phenotype
Authors: Ferret‐Bernard Stéphanie , Curwen Rachel Sally , Mountford Adrian Paul 
Published: March 2008

AbstractDendritic cells (DCs) are important in the initiation of primary immune responses against pathogens. To aid understanding of how DCs guide T helper (Th)2‐type responses, we employed 2‐DE in association with MS/MS to identify proteins which characterise pro‐Th2 DCs (matured with zero‐to‐three hours released proteins (0–3hRP), released by Schistosoma mansoni cercariae) versus pro‐Th1 DCs (matured with lipopolysaccharide, LPS) and immature DCs. Software analysis of average 2‐DE gels (three replicates per DC type) showed many similarities in the pattern of spots between the three groups of DCs but also marked changes. The major and significant changes in protein expression mainly affected cytoskeletal proteins. Other differences included chaperone proteins and enzymes involved in protein folding, S100 calcium‐binding proteins, peroxiredoxin 1, superoxide dismutase 1, several annexins and arginase 1. Our study demonstrates that pro‐Th2 DCs matured with 0–3hRP exhibit a proteome that is intermediate between that of immature DCs and pro‐Th1 DCs. Finally, the differential regulation of protein spots identified by MALDI‐MS/MS as having cytoskeletal and morphological functions was confirmed by contrast, confocal and scanning electron microscopy examination of DCs. Together, our results support the view that Th2 differentiation results from a ‘limited maturation’ of DCs.