bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A framework on interplay of knowledge types and dimensions in pandemics – Example of COVID‐19
Authors: Parameswar Nakul , Venkitachalam Krishna 
Published: March 2024

AbstractRecent literature has documented numerous knowledge management (KM) policy frameworks and models utilised for managing pandemics such as COVID‐19. Perhaps the major focus of existing scholarly work is on the role and relevance of healthcare KM in the COVID‐19 crisis compared to the understanding of healthcare knowledge dimensions and knowledge types in pandemic management and control. Considering the complexities of COVID‐19, we attempt to address a literature gap in the management knowledge of pandemics as the study problem in this paper. The paper proposes a framework to analyse the interplay between the dimensions and knowledge types and its application benefits using the example of COVID‐19 management in the state of Kerala. Considering the disparities in how the pandemic was managed globally, we use the Kerala case to illuminate the different interactions between the three types and four dimensions of knowledge for pandemic management. Future studies may explore the extension and testing of the proposed interplay framework in other contexts.
Re‐emergent Tremor in Parkinson's Disease: Evidence of Pathologic β and Prokinetic γ Activity
Authors: Ding Hao , Nasseroleslami Bahman , Mirzac Daniela , Isaias Ioannis Ugo , Volkmann Jens , Deuschl Günther , Groppa Sergiu , Muthuraman Muthuraman 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundRe‐emergent tremor is characterized as a continuation of resting tremor and is often highly therapy refractory. This study examines variations in brain activity and oscillatory responses between resting and re‐emergent tremors in Parkinson's disease.MethodsForty patients with Parkinson's disease (25 males, mean age, 66.78 ± 5.03 years) and 40 age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls were included in the study. Electroencephalogram and electromyography signals were simultaneously recorded during resting and re‐emergent tremors in levodopa on and off states for patients and mimicked by healthy controls. Brain activity was localized using the beamforming technique, and information flow between sources was estimated using effective connectivity. Cross‐frequency coupling was used to assess neuronal oscillations between tremor frequency and canonical frequency oscillations.ResultsDuring levodopa on, differences in brain activity were observed in the premotor cortex and cerebellum in both the patient and control groups. However, Parkinson's disease patients also exhibited additional activity in the primary sensorimotor cortex. On withdrawal of levodopa, different source patterns were observed in the supplementary motor area and basal ganglia area. Additionally, levodopa was found to suppress the strength of connectivity (P < 0.001) between the identified sources and influence the tremor frequency‐related coupling, leading to a decrease in β (P < 0.001) and an increase in γ frequency coupling (P < 0.001).ConclusionsDistinct variations in cortical–subcortical brain activity are evident in tremor phenotypes. The primary sensorimotor cortex plays a crucial role in the generation of re‐emergent tremor. Moreover, oscillatory neuronal responses in pathological β and prokinetic γ activity are specific to tremor phenotypes. © 2024 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Unilateral Magnetic Resonance Imaging–Guided Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy Thalamotomy for Essential Tremor
Authors: Aubignat Mickael , Tir Mélissa , Ouendo Martial , Boussida Salem , Constans Jean‐Marc , Lefranc Michel 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundEssential tremor (ET) affects numerous adults, impacting quality of life (QOL) and often defying pharmacological treatment. Surgical interventions like deep brain stimulation (DBS) and lesional approaches, including radiofrequency, gamma‐knife radiosurgery, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)–guided focused ultrasound, offer solutions but are not devoid of limitations.ObjectivesThis retrospective, single‐center, single‐blinded pilot study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of unilateral MRI‐guided laser interstitial thermal therapy (MRIg‐LITT) thalamotomy for medically intractable ET.MethodsNine patients with ET, unresponsive to medications and unsuitable for DBS, underwent unilateral MRIg‐LITT thalamotomy. We assessed tremor severity, QOL, cognitive function, and adverse events (AE) over a 12‐month period.ResultsTremor severity significantly improved, with a reduction of 83.37% at 12 months post‐procedure. QOL scores improved by 74.60% at 12 months. Reported AEs predominantly included transient dysarthria, proprioceptive disturbances, and gait balance issues, which largely resolved within a month. At 3 months, 2 patients (22%) exhibited contralateral hemiparesis requiring physiotherapy, with 1 patient (11%) exhibiting persistent hemiparesis at 12 months. No significant cognitive impairment was detected post‐procedure.ConclusionsUnilateral MRIg‐LITT thalamotomy yielded substantial and enduring tremor alleviation and enhanced QOL in patients with ET that is resistant to medication. The AE profile was acceptable. Our findings support the need for additional research with expanded patient cohorts and extended follow‐up to corroborate these outcomes and to refine the role of MRIg‐LITT as a targeted and minimally invasive approach for ET management. © 2024 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
The utility of electrodiagnostic testing in unprovoked rhabdomyolysis in the era of next‐generation sequencing
Authors: Skolka Michael P. , Milone Margherita , Litchy William J. , Laughlin Ruple S. , Rubin Devon I. , Liewluck Teerin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntroduction/AimsRhabdomyolysis is an etiologically heterogeneous, acute necrosis of myofibers characterized by transient marked creatine kinase (CK) elevation associated with myalgia, muscle edema, and/or weakness. The study aimed to determine the role of electrodiagnostic (EDX) testing relative to genetic testing and muscle biopsy in patients with unprovoked rhabdomyolysis in identifying an underlying myopathy.MethodsEDX database was reviewed to identify unprovoked rhabdomyolysis patients who underwent EDX testing between January 2012 and January 2022. Each patient's clinical profile, EDX findings, muscle pathology, laboratory, and genetic testing results were analyzed.ResultsOf 66 patients identified, 32 had myopathic electromyography (EMG). Muscle biopsy and genetic testing were performed in 41 and 37 patients, respectively. A definitive diagnosis was achieved in 15 patients (11 myopathic EMG and 4 nonmyopathic EMG; p = .04) based on abnormal muscle biopsy (4/11 patients) or genetic testing (12/12 patients, encompassing 5 patients with normal muscle biopsy and 3 patients with nonmyopathic EMG). These included seven metabolic and eight nonmetabolic myopathies (five muscular dystrophies and three ryanodine receptor 1 [RYR1]‐myopathies). Patients were more likely to have baseline weakness (p < .01), elevated baseline CK (p < .01), and nonmetabolic myopathies (p = .03) when myopathic EMG was identified.DiscussionMyopathic EMG occurred in approximately half of patients with unprovoked rhabdomyolysis, more likely in patients with weakness and elevated CK at baseline. Although patients with myopathic EMG were more likely to have nonmetabolic myopathies, nonmyopathic EMG did not exclude myopathy, and genetic testing was primarily helpful to identify an underlying myopathy. Genetic testing should likely be first‐tier diagnostic testing following unprovoked rhabdomyolysis.
Evaluation of the performance of a 7‐T 8 × 2 transceiver array
Authors: Kim Junghwan , Sun Changyu , Moon Chan Hong , Hetherington Hoby , Pan Jullie 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe decoupled 8 × 2 transceiver array has been shown to achieve a mean B1+ of 11.7 uT with a coefficient of variation of ~11% over the intracranial brain volume for 7‐T MR imaging. However, this array may be thought to give lower signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) and higher g‐factors for parallel imaging compared with a radio frequency (RF) receive‐only coil due to the latter's higher coil count and use of coil overlap to reduce the mutual impedance. Nonetheless, because the transceiver's highly decoupled design (pertinent for transmission) should also be constructive for reception, we measured the noise correlation, g‐factors, and SNR for the decoupled transceiver in comparison with a commercial reference coil. We found that although the transceiver has half the number of receive elements in comparison with the reference coil (16 vs. 32), comparable g‐factors and SNR over the head were obtained. From five subjects, the transceiver versus reference coil SNR was 65 ± 10 versus 67 ± 15. The mean noise correlation for all coil pairs was 10% ± 5% and 12% ± 9% (transceiver and reference coil, respectively). As changes in load impedance may alter the S parameters, we also examined the performance of the transceiver with tuned and matched (TM) versus untuned and unmatched (UTM) conditions on five subjects. We found that the noise correlation and SNR are robust to load variation; a noise correlation of 10% ± 5% and 10% ± 6% was determined with TM versus UTM conditions (SNRUTM/SNRTM = 0.97 ± 0.08). Finally, we demonstrate the performance of the array in human brain using T2‐weighted turbo spin echo imaging, finding excellent SNR performance in both caudal and rostral brain regions.
Latent profiles of nurses’ subjective well‐being and its association with social support and professional self‐concept
Authors: Miao Chuyuan , Liu Chunqin , Zhou Ying , Chung Joanne W. Y. , Zou Xiaofang , Tan Wenying , Ma Yu , Luo Qing , Chen Jiani , Wong Thomas Kwok Shing 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimTo identify latent profiles of nurses’ subjective well‐being (SWB) and explore its association with social support and professional self‐concept.DesignThis study used an online survey and cross‐sectional latent profile analysis design.MethodsA total of 1009 nurses from 30 hospitals in Guangdong Province, China, were selected using convenience sampling. An online questionnaire survey comprising the following scales was distributed: Index of Well‐Being, Nurses’ Professional Self‐concept Questionnaire and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Nurses’ SWB was examined and categorized into profiles using nine Index of Well‐being items as explicit variables and ordinal logistic regression analysis was performed to explore factors related to the distinct categories.ResultsNurses’ SWB was divided into four latent profiles: extremely low, low, moderate and high. Regression analysis showed that social support and professional self‐concept influenced SWB. There were statistically significant differences in age, title, working years, social support and professional self‐concept among nurses in the different well‐being categories. Ordered logistic regression analysis showed that social support and professional self‐concept are associated with different SWB profiles.
Effect of processing conditions on morphology and mechanical damage in glass‐reinforced polypropylene composite
Authors: Nouira Samia , Shirinbayan Mohammadali , Peixinho Jorge , Benfriha Khaled , Hassine Tarek , Fitoussi Joseph 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study aims to analyze the effect of processing parameters, particularly the cooling rate, on the morphology and mechanical properties of reinforced glass fiber polypropylene (GF‐PP) films. To achieve the objective, a multi‐scale analysis was performed to study the different morphology of neat PP and reinforced PP films obtained by controlling the thermal condition during the fabrication process. Films of PP with a thickness of about 100 μm have been prepared to observe the crystalline microstructure's formation and follow its kinetics on the scale of the spherulites. The same procedure was followed using a single glass fiber to obtain the mono‐composite film of PP by controlling the interface/interphase between the fiber and the matrix. Moreover, the dependence of the damage mechanisms on the spherulite diameters and the mechanical test conditions was established. The deformation mechanisms (intra and inter‐spherulitic damage) were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively according to the controlled morphologies produced for the polymer and the composite, especially at the level of the transcrystalline phase. The results confirm that the processing parameters affect not only the width of the transcrystalline phase but also the morphology of the fiber‐matrix interface. Furthermore, increasing the thickness of the transcrystalline phase exhibited remarkably higher interfacial shear strength, as demonstrated by the single fiber fragmentation test.Highlights
Impact of cooling rate on morphology and mechanical properties of glass fiber polypropylene (GF‐PP).
Multi‐scale analysis to investigate the distinct morphologies of PP and GF‐PP.
Deformation mechanism particularly intra and inter‐spherulitic damage.
Attention to the impact on the transcrystalline phase and the fiber‐matrix interface.
Influence of transcrystalline phase thickness on interfacial strength.
Bone health and the masters runner
Authors: Raiser Sara N. , Schroeder Allison N. , Lawley Richard J. , Tenforde Adam S. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMasters runners are often defined as those ages 35 years and older who train and compete in running events. These runners represent a growing population of the overall running community and experience running‐related injuries including bone stress injuries (BSIs). Similar to younger runners, health considerations in masters runners include the goal to optimize bone health with focus on mitigating age‐associated loss of bone strength and preventing BSIs through a combination of ensuring appropriate physical activity, optimizing nutrition, and correcting faulty biomechanics. Importantly, BSIs in masters runners may include characteristics of both overuse injury from insufficient recovery and failure of bone weakened by age‐related loss of bone (insufficiency fractures). This narrative review covers the limited available research on strategies to optimize bone health in masters runners. Applying knowledge on masters athletes and extrapolating from other populations, we propose strategies on treatment and prevention of BSIs. Finally, the review highlights gaps in knowledge that require further age‐specific discoveries to advance treatment and prevention.
Social imaginaries of digital technology in South Korea during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Yoon Kyong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study examines common themes identified in discourses about digital technology–driven responses to COVID‐19 in South Korea. By examining how digital technology is represented and thematised in policy and news discourses, the study explores how particular modes of society and societal order are circulated and particular visions of the postpandemic society emerge. By employing the notion of social imaginary as a collective vision and practice of a desirable future, this research contributes to expanding the scope of policy studies that tend to be limited to rational decision‐making processes. It explores the role of the government that extends institutional forces to disseminate particular visions of the postpandemic society while addressing the media's response to the government‐circulated dominant social imaginary.
Revisiting the application of molecular probe diagnostics on quantifying aqueous OH radicals in plasma–liquid systems
Authors: Tang Qingjin , Zhang Mingjia , Wu Binhong , Wang Xin , Tu Xin , Ostrikov Kostya (Ken) , Liu Linsheng , Chen Qiang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe revisit one of the most used techniques for quantifying the aqueous OH radicals (OHaq) in plasma–liquid systems, the molecular probe method which obtains the [OHaq] by measuring a stable material formed through a rapid reaction between the molecular probe and the OHaq. In this study, we used disodium terephthalate (NaTA) as the molecular probe; the experimental results with a theoretical analysis suggest that to obtain the correct OHaq concentration, the concentration of the molecular probe should be greater than a certain value, which depends on the types of the plasma–liquid systems. However, this is not the case in most of the existing reports in which the NaTA is often much less than the requisite value.
Ectomycorrhizal necromass turnover is one‐third of biomass turnover in hemiboreal Pinus sylvestris forests
Authors: Hagenbo Andreas , Fransson Petra , Menichetti Lorenzo , Clemmensen Karina E. , Olofsson Madelen A. , Ekblad Alf 
Published: March 2024

Societal Impact StatementEfficient mitigation of climate change requires predictive models of forest ecosystems as sinks for atmospheric carbon. Mycorrhizal fungi are drivers of soil carbon storage in boreal forests, yet they are typically excluded from ecosystem models, because of a lack of information about their growth and turnover. Closing this knowledge gap could help us better predict future responses to climate change and guide policy decisions for sustainable management of forest ecosystems. This study provides new estimates of the production and turnover of mycorrhizal mycelial biomass and necromass. This information can facilitate the integration of mycorrhizal fungi into new predictive models of boreal forest soils.Summary

In boreal forests, turnover of biomass and necromass of ectomycorrhizal extraradical mycelia (ERM) are important for mediating long‐term carbon storage. However, ectomycorrhizal fungi are usually not considered in ecosystem models, because data for parameterization of ERM dynamics is lacking.
Here, we estimated the production and turnover of ERM biomass and necromass across a hemiboreal Pinus sylvestris chronosequence aged 12 to 100 years. Biomass and necromass were quantified in sequentially harvested in‐growth bags, and incubated in the soil for 1–24 month, and Bayesian calibration of mathematical models was applied to arrive at parametric estimates of ERM production and turnover rates of biomass and necromass.
Steady states were predicted to be nearly reached after 160 and 390 growing season days, respectively, for biomass and necromass. The related turnover rates varied with 95% credible intervals of 1.7–6.5 and 0.3–2.5 times yr−1, with mode values of 2.9 and 0.9 times yr−1, corresponding to mean residence times of 62 and 205 growing season days.
Our results highlight that turnover of necromass is one‐third of biomass. This together with the variability in the estimates can be used to parameterize ecosystem models, to explicitly include ERM dynamics and its impact on mycorrhizal‐derived soil carbon accumulation in boreal forests.
Analysis method of explosive electromagnetic radiation energy
Authors: Cui Yuanbo , Jiang Jian 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe energy of electromagnetic radiation from explosions is coupled to electronic equipment circuits, disrupting the initiation sequence or causing failure in an increasing number of cases, which seriously affects the stability of weapon systems. There is a significant difference between the characteristics of the explosive electromagnetic radiation signals and modulated electromagnetic signals. The electric field intensity and signal power cannot directly represent the magnitude of the explosive electromagnetic radiation energy, and traditional electromagnetic signal analysis methods are unsuitable for explosion electromagnetic signal analysis. To solve this problem, the mechanism of explosive electromagnetic radiation was first analyzed. Through verification experiments of the explosion electromagnetic intensity and temperature, it was concluded that there is a strong correlation between the explosion plasma temperature and electromagnetic intensity. The temperature of the explosive plasma is derived based on the measured surface temperature of the explosive fireball, a functional relationship is established between the energy of the explosive plasma and the temperature of the plasma, and plasma energy is introduced as a parameter for electric field intensity correction. The interference signal analysis method based on eye diagram is used to calibrate the electromagnetic radiation damage ability, achieving quantitative analysis of the interference degree of electromagnetic radiation energy on the signal, and providing a new approach for the analysis of explosive electromagnetic radiation energy.
A constitutive model of solid propellants considering aging and confinement pressure
Authors: Qin Pengju , Zhang Taotao , Zhang Xiangyu , Sha Baolin , Xiao Jinyou , Wen Lihua , Lei Ming , Hou Xiao 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAging during storage and confinement pressure during launch are the two major loading conditions that affect the integrity of solid rocket motors. In comparison to other component materials, solid propellants, as highly filled composites, have a low modulus and fracture toughness and are therefore common sources of failure. The key to improving the integrity of the solid rocket motor is in assessing the health of the solid propellants during storage or launch. To address this issue, we revised the previous model for the progressive damage viscoelasticity of solid propellants to include the effect of chemical aging during storage and the influence of confinement pressure during launch. Specifically, the increase in relaxation time due to aging and the nonequilibrium volume dilatation characteristics under triaxial tension and compression of solid propellants have been considered. To validate the developed model, standard relaxation tests and uniaxial tensile tests on solid propellants without aging were used to calibrate the model parameters. Furthermore, the model was validated by comparison with uniaxial tensile tests under confined pressure after aging and well predicts the aging temperature/time‐dependent mechanical responses of solid propellants. After validation, the developed model was used to study the influence of confinement pressure on microscopic damage evolution and macroscopic volume expansion. Overall, the developed model can be used for the analysis of the integrity of the solid rocket motor after the aging process.
Inhibitory protein–protein interactions of the SIRT1 deacetylase are choreographed by post‐translational modification
Authors: Krzysiak Troy C. , Choi You‐Jin , Kim Yong Joon , Yang Yunhan , DeHaven Christopher , Thompson Lariah , Ponticelli Ryan , Mermigos Mara M. , Thomas Laurel , Marquez Andrea , Sipula Ian , Kemper Jongsook Kim , Jurczak Michael , Thomas Gary , Gronenborn Angela M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractRegulation of SIRT1 activity is vital to energy homeostasis and plays important roles in many diseases. We previously showed that insulin triggers the epigenetic regulator DBC1 to prime SIRT1 for repression by the multifunctional trafficking protein PACS‐2. Here, we show that liver DBC1/PACS‐2 regulates the diurnal inhibition of SIRT1, which is critically important for insulin‐dependent switch in fuel metabolism from fat to glucose oxidation. We present the x‐ray structure of the DBC1 S1‐like domain that binds SIRT1 and an NMR characterization of how the SIRT1 N‐terminal region engages DBC1. This interaction is inhibited by acetylation of K112 of DBC1 and stimulated by the insulin‐dependent phosphorylation of human SIRT1 at S162 and S172, catalyzed sequentially by CK2 and GSK3, resulting in the PACS‐2‐dependent inhibition of nuclear SIRT1 enzymatic activity and translocation of the deacetylase in the cytoplasm. Finally, we discuss how defects in the DBC1/PACS‐2‐controlled SIRT1 inhibitory pathway are associated with disease, including obesity and non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease.