bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mast cell numbers and histamine levels in synovial fluids from patients with diverse arthritides
Authors: Malone Daniel G. , Irani Anne‐Marie , Schwartz Lawrence B. , Barrett Kim E. , Metcalfe Dean D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThirty‐five synovial fluid (SF) specimens were examined for the presence of mast cells and for their histamine content. Mast cells were seen in SF cells from 27 of 35 fluids, and histamine was measurable in 19 of 34. There was a strong correlation between mast cell number and histamine content. No consistent relationship was found between either the mast cell number or histamine level and the patients' diagnoses, except that the 2 patients with systemic mastocytosis had markedly elevated values for both SF mast cell number and histamine content. SF mast cells from one of the mastocytosis patients were studied for histamine release; significant amounts of histamine were released upon exposure to anti‐human IgE, but not compound 48/80. Thus, mast cells similar to those present in connective tissue are frequently present in SF in numbers which correlate with SF histamine levels. These mast cells contain active proteases and are capable of degranulation. Mast cells were consistently present in large numbers in the SF of patients with systemic mastocytosis, but their numbers were highly variable in fluids of patients with other diseases.
Psoriatic arthritis affecting the manubriosternal join
Authors: Becker Nancy J. , De Smet Arthur A. , Cathcart‐Rake William , Stechschulte Daniel J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractManubriosternal synovitis in the absence of peripheral arthritis or spondylitis, in a patient with pustular psoriasis, is described. The radiologic changes noted on lateral chest radiograph consisted of erosions, sclerosis, and joint space widening. This coincidence of manubriosternal joint arthritis and pustular psoriasis is unusual in western populations.
Idiopathic familial acroosteolysis: Histomorphometric study of bone and literature review of the Hajdu‐Cheney syndrome
Authors: Udell James , Schumacher H. Ralph , Kaplan Frederick , Fallon Michael D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe describe a 27‐year‐old man with familial acroosteolysis involving 9 fingers. Bone biopsy of an affected digit showed osteolysis with no tetracycline deposition, rare osteoclasts, increased vascularity, and numerous mast cells. In contrast, the iliac crest bone showed active bone remodeling and normal double‐tetracycline labeling. We believe mast cells deserve further study as possible factors in this form of localized osteolysis.
Development of criteria for the classification and reporting of osteoarthritis: Classification of osteoarthritis of the knee
Authors: Altman R. , Asch E. , Bloch D. , Bole G. , Borenstein D. , Brandt K. , Christy W. , Cooke T. D. , Greenwald R. , Hochberg M. , Howell D. , Kaplan D. , Koopman W. , Longley S. , Mankin H. , McShane D. J. , Medsger T. , Meenan R. , Mikkelsen W. , Moskowitz R. , Murphy W. , Rothschild B. , Segal M. , Sokoloff L. , Wolfe F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFor the purposes of classification, it should be specified whether osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee is of unknown origin (idiopathic, primary) or is related to a known medical condition or event (secondary). Clinical criteria for the classification of idiopathic OA of the knee were developed through a multicenter study group. Comparison diagnoses included rheumatoid arthritis and other painful conditions of the knee, exclusive of referred or paraarticular pain. Variables from the medical history, physical examination, laboratory tests, and radiographs were used to develop sets of criteria that serve different investigative purposes. In contrast to prior criteria, these proposed criteria utilize classification trees, or algorithms.
A strong association between null alleles at the C4A locus in the major histocompatibility complex and systemic sclerosis
Authors: Briggs David C. , Welsh Ken , Pereira R. Scott , Black Carol M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAllotyping of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC)‐linked complement component C4 has revealed a strong association of the null allele, C4A*Q0, with systemic sclerosis (SSc). Sixty‐four percent of patients with SSc carried the C4A*Q0 allele, compared with 17% of the control group. Twenty‐five patients and their families were typed for HLA antigens (A, B, Cw, and DR) and the MHC‐linked complement components C4 and factor B to identify haplotypes in the MHC linkage group and C4 null alleles. Strong allelic association of HLA‐B8 and DR3 with C4A*Q0 probably explains the previously reported association of SSc with the extended haplotype carrying HLA‐B8 and DR3. Ninety‐two percent of the patients had either C4A*Q0 or DR5; 31% of the controls had either C4A*Q0 or DR5.
Assessment of the potential pathogenicity of type ii collagen autoantibodies in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Evidence of restricted IgG3 subclass expression and activation of complement C5 to C5a
Authors: Watson W. C. , Cremer M. A. , Wooley P. H. , Townes A. S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIgG subclass analysis by enzyme‐linked im‐munosorbent assay of the autoantibody to native type II collagen, detected in 9 patients with classic or definite rheumatoid arthritis, demonstrated a predominance of IgG3 autoantibody. Gm allotyping revealed no obvious association with a particular phenotype. In comparative studies, IgG antibodies to the capsular polysaccharides of pneumococci and tetanus toxoid protein in these same patients consisted predominantly of IgG2 and IgG4. Purified type II collagen autoantibody from 3 of these patients activated complement C5 to C5a when bound to human cartilage in vitro, as measured by radioim‐munoassay. These results represent direct evidence of a potential pathogenic role for this autoantibody in rheumatoid arthritis.
Low density neutrophils in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and acute rheumatic fever
Authors: Hacbarth Elisa , Kajdacsy‐Balla Andre 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFicoll‐Hypaque density gradient preparations of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and acute rheumatic fever were highly “contaminated” with low buoyant density neutrophils. Plasma from these patients could induce an in vitro decrease of buoyancy in neutrophils with normal buoyant density. Similar change could be induced by complement‐activated sera and aggregated gamma globulin. These data suggest that activated neutrophils are a common finding in the peripheral blood of these patients and may influence the interpretation of any studies with these cells. Functional studies of lymphocytes separated by Ficoll‐Hypaque gradients should also take into account the higher degree of impurity of the cell preparations in patients with rheumatic diseases.
A staphylococcal proteoglycan‐releasing factor
Authors: Smith R. Lane , Schurman David J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe report the effect of staphylococci on induction of proteoglycan release from cartilage in organ culture and document the presence of a staphylococcal proteoglycan‐releasing factor in the bacterial growth medium. Staphylococci cocultured with cartilage increased release of proteoglycan 3‐4‐fold within 48 hours. Viable cartilage was essential for maximum loss of proteoglycan. Killed bacteria had no effect on proteoglycan release. Four Staphylococcus aureus strains yielded growth media preparations active in proteoglycan release. Analysis of the proteoglycan subunits released from cartilage showed only limited degradation, and glycosaminoglycan chain length was not significantly altered.
Successful treatment of autoimmunity in mrl/1 mice with ls‐2616, a new immunomodulator
Authors: Tarkowski A. , Gunnarsson K. , Nilsson L.‐Å. , Lindholm L. , Stålhandske T. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAutoimmune MRL/1 mice were treated with a recently developed substance with immunomodulating properties, LS‐2616. Treatment was initiated at the age of 8 weeks, before the onset of clinically apparent disease, and at 16 weeks of age, after development of established lupus disease. Beneficial therapeutic effects were obtained, even when LS‐2616 was administered at the lowest dose tested (1 mg/mouse/week) to 16‐week‐old mice. The effects of LS‐2616 on longevity, as well as on development of lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, glomerulonephritis, and vasculitis, were pronounced and were comparable with those of cyclophosphamide. The results obtained suggest a potential role for LS‐2616 in the treatment of autoimmune disease in humans.
Female sex hormones suppress development of collagen‐induced arthritis in mice
Authors: Holmdahl Rikard , Jansson Liselott , Andersson Mikael 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe have previously reported that male DBA/1 mice are more susceptible to collagen‐induced arthritis than are females. Here we report that oophorectomy makes female mice as susceptible to collagen arthritis as are normal males. Induction of collagen‐induced arthritis in mice is a T cell‐dependent process. The role of female sex hormones in modulating T cell‐dependent autoimmune diseases is discussed.
Basement membrane thickening of postcapillary venules and capillaries in rheumatoid synovium
Authors: Matsubara Tsukasa , Ziff Morris , Smith Ashbel 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPathologic changes in the basement membrane (BM) of postcapillary venules (PCV) and capillaries in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synovium were studied by immunoelectron microscopy, using a monoclonal antibody against human type IV collagen, C(IV)22, and by electron microscopic morphometric analysis. The sublining region of RA synovium was classified into lymphocyte‐rich areas, transitional areas, and interstitial areas, according to their pattern of cellular infiltration. In lymphocyte‐rich areas, the BM of the PCV and capillaries were minimally thickened; disruption of the lamina densa was seldom seen. Transitional areas, which contained macrophages, lymphocytes, and plasma cells, had numerous PCV and capillaries. The BM was markedly thickened and partially multilamellated, and there were many disruptions in the lamina densa. The BM contained degenerated endothelial cells and cell debris. On immunostaining of this BM with monoclonal antibody C(IV)22, type IV collagen stained heavily, mainly in the disrupted lamina densa; this indicates that the thickening was, at least in part, the result of an increase in BM collagen. In uninfiltrated interstitial areas, BM were moderately thickened and multilamellated, and showed few disruptions of the lamina densa; there were similar increases in type IV collagen, but cell debris was seldom observed. Measurement of the BM width, the ratio of BM width to vessel diameter, and the fraction of vascular cross‐sectional area occupied by BM demonstrated that the thickness of the BM of both PCV and capillaries was greatest in transitional areas and was smallest in lymphocyte‐rich areas (P <0.01). Since macrophages and macrophage‐derived factors have been found to promote synthesis of BM collagen type IV, and since transitional and interstitial areas are rich in macrophages and histiocytes, respectively, it is suggested that these mononuclear cells and the factors secreted by them play a significant role in the thickening of the BM of PCV and capillaries in RA synovitis.
The assessment of pain in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Anderson Karen O. , Bradley Laurence A. , McDaniel Lisa K. , Young Larry D. , Turner Robert A. , Agudelo Carlos A. , Keefe Francis J. , Pisko Edward J. , Miller Snyder R. , Semble Elliott L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIt is difficult to objectively measure pain in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). A behavioral observation method for the assessment of RA pain has been developed. In this study, videotapes were made of 53 RA patients while they performed standardized maneuvers. Trained raters viewed the videotapes and recorded the frequencies of 7 pain behaviors. Clinical and laboratory measures of rheumatoid disease activity also were recorded for each patient. Rheumatology fellows viewed 20 randomly chosen video recordings of the patients and made global estimates of the intensity and unpleasantness of pain. Significant positive correlations were found between total pain behavior scores and measures of disease activity. The fellows' estimates of the intensity and unpleasantness of the patients' pain also were significantly and positively correlated with the total pain behavior scores. The behavioral observation method may be useful in the assessment of RA pain and may be included as an objective outcome measure in clinical trials with RA patients.
Intrauterine therapy for presumptive fetal myocarditis with acquired heart block due to systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Buyon Jill P. , Swersky Steven H. , Fox Harold E. , Bierman Frederick Z. , Winchester Robert J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAn experimental therapeutic regimen for congenital lupus erythematosus, which consists of treating the mother with high doses of dexamethasone and performing plasmapheresis (3 times per week), was developed. This regimen was administered to a woman whose pregnancy was complicated by the abrupt onset of fetal pericarditis, myocarditis, and complete heart block in the twenty‐fourth week of gestation. The effectiveness of plasmapheresis was evidenced by a decrease in the very high titer of SS‐B (La) antibodies in the mother. After 5 weeks of therapy, the cardiac disease was ameliorated. The infant tolerated delivery at week 31, and the heart block has persisted. The rationale for this therapy for fetal disease is discussed, with emphasis on 2 goals: 1) to diminish the quantity of maternal antibody that is transmitted to the fetus, and 2) to suppress the manifestations of fetal carditis with the use of glucocorticoids that are not inactivated by the placenta. Tentative recommendations for more intensive prenatal monitoring of maternal and fetal status for those at risk are outlined.
A common anti‐dna idiotype in sera of patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis
Authors: Sela O. , El‐Roeiy A. , Isenberg D. A. , Kennedy R. C. , Colaco C. B. , Pinkhas J. , Shoenfeld Y. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe sera of 57 patients with active, untreated pulmonary tuberculosis were examined for the presence of a common anti‐DNA idiotype, 16/6. Thirty‐four of the 57 sera (60%) had an increased level of the idiotype, as measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay using a specific rabbit anti‐16/6 serum. Of 28 matched control sera, only 1 (4%) was found to be positive for the idiotype. The sera of patients with tuberculosis also showed increased activity against a variety of antigens with which lupus autoantibodies are known to cross‐react (e.g., single‐stranded DNA, double‐stranded DNA, polynucleotides, and cardiolipin). A correlation was observed between serum IgG and IgM levels and the 16/6 idiotype levels.
Hla antigens in whipple's disease
Authors: Dobbins Iii William O. , 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe prevalence of HLA–A and B antigen loci in patients with Whipple's disease was determined from data obtained in a review of the literature and from personal communications. Data on the HLA–A and B locus typing of 30 patients were available (with the exception that 1 of the patients was not typed for the HLA–B locus), and for an additional 18 patients, HLA–B27 data were available. Of the 47 patients typed for B27, 13 (28%) were B27 positive. Twelve of the 48 patients had sacroiliitis, and 2 (17%) of them were B27 positive. These data suggest that Whipple's disease may be associated with HLA–B27, even in the absence of concomitant sacroiliitis.
Mast cell numbers in rheumatoid synovial tissues
Authors: Malone Daniel G. , Wilder Ronald L. , Saavedra‐Delgado Ana Maria , Metcalfe Dean D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSynovial biopsy specimens from 20 patients with rheumatoid arthritis were subjected to quantitative analysis for several parameters of inflammation and for enumeration of synovial tissue mast cells. Strong positive correlations were found between numbers of mast cells per cubic millimeter of synovial tissue and the following synovial tissue parameters: inflammatory index (a quantification of lymphocytic infiltration), Leu‐3a grade (T helper/inducer lymphocytes), Leu‐1 grade (T lymphocyte), and plasma cell grade. A strong negative correlation was found between the synovial mast cell count and the extent of sublining layer fibrin deposition. Correlations between synovial mast cell count and Leu‐2a grade, ratio of Leu‐3a grade:Leu‐2a grade, OKM1 grade, HLA–DR grade, and lining layer thickness grade did not reach statistical significance. In addition, we obtained synovial specimens from 6 of the patients both before and after long‐term therapy with oral methotrexate and from 3 of the patients before, and 1 week after, an intraarticular injection of steroid. The 3 patients who had an intraarticular steroid injection showed a 67–96% decrease in the number of synovial tissue mast cells; there was no significant change in the number of synovial mast cells in the tissues of the 6 patients who received oral methotrexate. These observations are the first documentation of a quantitative relationship between the number of mast cells and the number and phenotypic profile of infiltrating lymphocytes in an inflamed tissue, which in this case, is human synovium. Our findings suggest that mast cells are involved in the pathologic interactions in rheumatoid arthritis and might play a role in the early phases of exacerbations of disease activity.
Lack of association between hla–dr2 and clinical response to methotrexate in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Alarcóan Graciela S. , Billingsley Lynn M. , Clegg Daniel O. , Hardin Joe G. , Klippel John , Luggen Michael E. , Polisson Richard P. , Singer Joyce Z. , Szydlo Lillian , Willkens Robert F. , Acton Ronald T. , Barger Bruce O. , Dahl Stephen L. , Koopman William J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRecent studies have indicated an association between the HLA–DR2 phenotype and substantial response to methotrexate in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). To further resolve this issue, we analyzed this relationship. Our data, obtained from a multicenter, double‐blind study of rigorously assessed patients with RA, demonstrated that neither HLA–DR2 nor any other HLA–DR specificity is significantly associated with a substantial clinical response to methotrexate in patients with RA.
Low plasma androgens in women with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Lahita Robert G. , Bradlow H. Leon , Ginzler Ellen , Pang Songya , New Maria 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe high ratio of women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has remained unexplained, despite the recent description of metabolic abnormalities of estrogen and androgen metabolism. Alterations of steroid metabolism in patients with SLE could be important in the pathogenesis of this disease, since it has been reported that gonadal steroids modulate the immune system. Moreover, research with inbred lupus mice has shown that estrogens have adverse effects on the disease in both sexes, whereas androgen therapy or oophorectomy is protective in females. Recently, the finding of elevated testosterone oxidation at C‐17 in females with SLE suggested that plasma androgen levels in males and females with SLE should be examined more closely. We studied the varying degrees of clinical activity, with regard to plasma levels of 4 significant androgens: testosterone, androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone, and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate in a series of 5 male and 42 female SLE patients. Decreased levels of all androgens were observed in women with SLE. The lowest levels of plasma androgens were found in female patients who had active disease, as determined by laboratory and clinical assessment. These data support the fact that specific abnormalities of androgen metabolism in the female are associated with SLE, and may contribute in some way to morbidity and mortality. More importantly, these data may have implications for future therapeutic regimens based on male hormone replacement.
Modulation of prostaglandin E2 synthesis in rabbit synoviocytes
Authors: Rothenberg Ralph J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractProstaglandin E2 (PGE2) production by rabbit synoviocytes was markedly stimulated by hydroxyapatite only after a 60‐minute delay. Release of 3H‐arachidonic acid (C20:4) and 3H‐PGE2 from cells with phospholipids that were prelabeled with 3H‐C20:4 did not occur in parallel. At 240 minutes, phospholipase activity in sonicated cell suspensions had increased only 38%, while cyclooxygenase activity had doubled (109%). This doubling, as well as the production of synoviocyte PGE2, was prevented by inhibiting the synthesis of protein. Cyclooxygenase is an inducible enzyme, and as such, it is a rate‐controlling step in PGE2 production.
Low‐dose methotrexate compared with azathioprine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. a twenty‐four—week controlled clinical trial
Authors: Hamdy H. , McKendry R. J. R. , Mierins E. , Liver J. A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractForty‐two patients with definite or classic rheumatoid arthritis entered a prospective 24‐week, double‐blind, parallel clinical trial, followed by an 18‐month open phase. All subjects had active synovitis that was unresponsive to nonsteroidal antiinflammatory medications and conventional slow‐acting antirheumatic drugs. Initial treatment with azathioprine (AZA), 100 mg/day, or methotrexate (MTX), 10 mg/week, orally, was adjusted at predefined intervals. Both treatment groups showed statistically significant improvement at week 24, compared with baseline status, in all 9 clinical outcome variables. There were no apparent statistically significant differences in these outcome variables between the 2 treatment groups. There was a trend toward a more marked and rapid improvement in the MTX‐treated group. Radiologic evidence of progression of joint damage was similar in both treatment groups at 24 and 52 weeks. Four of the 42 patients (2 receiving MTX and 2 receiving AZA) discontinued the study because of side effects, and 1 MTX‐treated patient withdrew because of personal reasons. Outcome measures at week 52 (open phase) were not statistically different from those at week 24. Twenty‐three patients were still taking the medication at week 104. We found that AZA and MTX were similarly effective in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, and that this beneficial effect was maintained for up to 2 years in most patients.