bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temporomandibular joint disc position and shape in patients submitted to two protocols of rapid maxillary expansion and face mask therapy: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Tagawa Daniella Torres , Wolosker Angela Maria Borri , Florez Bruna Maluza , Dominguez Gladys Cristina , Yamashita Helio Kiitiro , Aidar Luís Antônio de Arruda , Junior Henrique Carrete 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this prospective study was to assess possible changes in the position and shape of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) articular disc in patients treated with two protocols of rapid maxillary expansion (RME) and face mask (FM) therapy.MethodsA sample of 88 patients with Class III or Class III subdivision malocclusions, aged between 6 and 13 years, were consecutively selected and divided into three groups (G): G1‐34 patients were treated with RME, followed by FM therapy; G2‐34 patients were treated using RME according to modified alternate rapid maxillary expansion and constriction (ALT‐RAMEC) protocol, followed by FM therapy. These treated groups were randomly (1:1 allocation ratio) distributed according to the two treatment protocols. G3 – Control Group – 20 untreated patients were followed. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) TMJs were obtained before (T1) and after (T2) a treatment period or follow‐up. McNemar test, Fisher's exact test and intra‐ and inter‐observer concordance (K) were performed (p ≤ .05).ResultsThere were no statistically significant differences in the baseline cephalometric variables at T1 between the groups. There were statistically significant differences between the groups (p < .001) in relation to the disc shape in T1, since G1 (8 TMJs −11.76%) presented higher occurrences of altered forms in comparison with G2 (no changes). No significant differences were observed in disc position CM and OM (G1 – p > .999; G2 – p = .063; G3 – p = .500) and shape (G1 – p > 0.999; G2 – p = .250; G3 – not calculable), between T1 × T2, in any of the groups studied.ConclusionThe two treatment protocols did not have adverse effects on the position and shape of the TMJ disc, in a short‐term evaluation.
Demographic Systems of Medieval Italy (6th–15th century AD)
Authors: Barbiera Irene , Dalla‐Zuanna Gianpiero 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this article, we bring together a variety of studies, both old and new, to examine continuity and change in population dynamics in Italy during the medieval millennium (476–1492 AD). Though the available data are often sporadic and should be interpreted with great caution, it is possible to clarify certain dynamics, which can be useful for guiding future research. First, population fluctuations were not impacted by migration into or out of Italy. Second, medieval Italy was characterized by a high‐pressure demographic regime: e0 was around 20 years, with high adult mortality, and the birth rate was around 50 per mill. Third, despite high mortality, the Italian population grew (+50 percent) from the ninth century to 1347, mainly—but not exclusively—due to the absence of plague. Fourth, the stagnant population of the periods between the sixth and the eighth centuries and the 14th and 16th centuries was determined by the recurrent outbreaks of plague. Fifth, the population stagnation during the first and the last medieval centuries is also partly related to the increase in age at first marriage, while the demographic growth between the ninth and mid‐14th century is possibly connected to the decrease in age at first marriage among women. Sixth, the vitality of the medieval Italian population was partly ensured by a high rate of remarriage among widows. Seventh, data on statures show that mortality levels were determined by epidemic factors, rather than living standards. Finally, when the plague ceased in Europe in the middle of the Early Modern Age, adult survival was significantly higher than in the ancient and medieval centuries, despite the fact that neither hygienic‐sanitary nor epidemiological conditions, and certainly not nutrition, were better than in the centuries preceding the Black Death.
The effectiveness of an education program based on healthcare transition in adolescents with asthma: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Dinç Fatma , Yıldız Dilek , Ercan Nazli 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundAdolescents diagnosed with asthma make a transition to adult care when they reach a certain age. Besides, these adolescents need specialized education for them to become autonomous, competent, and adult patients and gain the necessary knowledge and skills related to their disease. In this study, by using a prospective randomized controlled trial design, we evaluated the effectiveness of an education program based on healthcare transition provided to adolescents diagnosed with asthma.MethodsAfter obtaining the consent of adolescents and their parents, 52 adolescents aged between 14 and 18 years who were diagnosed with asthma were randomly assigned to the intervention group (individual four face‐to‐face and six online education sessions) or the control group (standard care). The primary outcome was the differences between the Transition Readiness Assessment Questionnaire (TRAQ) scores of the two groups. The secondary outcomes included the differences between the Self‐Efficacy Scale for Children and Adolescents with Asthma and Mind the Gap scores of the two groups. The outcomes were measured at two different time points: baseline (first assessment; Week 0) and immediately after the intervention (last assessment; Week 12).ResultsIn the initial evaluations, there was no significant difference between the groups in terms of the primary or secondary outcomes (p > .05). In the final assessments, the TRAQ (Z = −4.740, p < .001) and Self‐Efficacy Scale for Children and Adolescents with Asthma (t = 6.344, p < .001) scores of the intervention group were found to be significantly higher than the scores of the control group, while their Mind the Gap Scale scores were significantly lower (t = 6.146, p < .001).ConclusionIt was determined that the educational intervention integrated with pediatric care based on readiness for transition from pediatric care to adult care was effective in increasing the transition readiness and self‐efficacy of the adolescents.The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov with the ID code NCT05550922.
Closing the gap: Enhancing quality pediatric dermatologic care through project Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes (ECHO)
Authors: Jackson Travis , Mosca Megan , Ge Bin , Dyer Jonathan , Braudis Kara , Edison Karen , Becevic Mirna 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study focused on evaluating Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes (ECHO) participating primary care clinician's (PCC's) diagnostic and treatment accuracy of pediatric dermatologic conditions. To evaluate this, pediatric cases presented to Dermatology ECHO by PCCs with questions regarding diagnosis, treatment regimen, or both were analyzed. After PCC case presentation, the hub team of dermatologists facilitated case‐based discussion and provided the presenter with mentorship and guidance regarding diagnosis and treatment of their patient.
Asymmetry in political polarization at multiple levels of bias
Authors: Kluge Annika , Adler Eli , Nir Lilach , Halperin Eran , Sams Mikko , Levy Jonathan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWhile some studies show ideological asymmetry in outgroup bias between rightists and leftists, those studies often target an ideologically biased outgroup. Here, we bypass this issue by targeting the ideological outgroups (rightists for leftists, and leftists for rightists). We rely on a magnetoencephalography‐based approach delineating function‐specific neural mechanisms to test for ideological asymmetries at multiple levels: explicit psychological self‐reports, implicit behavioral bias, and neural oscillations. Using a computational model balancing the stimuli and screening 81 rightists and leftist Israeli individuals, we find ideological asymmetry with rightists being more biased at all three levels. Furthermore, the neural results add important insights by uncovering two underlying mechanisms: The first (late beta‐band motor activity) is strongly associated with implicit behavior, while the second (early alpha‐band dorsal anterior cingulate activity) reveal an antileftist bias for both groups. We discuss implications of the findings on bias, ideological asymmetry, their neural underpinnings, and social norms.
Photosynthesis of rice leaves with a parallel venation is highly tolerant to vein severing
Authors: Du Tingting , Ling Xiaoxia , Huang Jianliang , Peng Shaobing , Xiong Dongliang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractVein severing in plants caused by leaf damage is common in fields where crops are cultivated. It is hypothesized that leaves with complex reticulate venation can withstand hydraulic disturbances caused by vein severing, thereby preserving leaf carbon assimilation. However, limited research focuses on vein damage of leaves with parallel venation. We studied how vein‐severing affected the photosynthetic traits of rice (Oryza sativa) leaves in seconds, minutes and days, under varying water‐demand conditions and differing extents of water supply disruption. Rice leaves completely lost their photosynthetic capacity within 2.5 minutes after excision. Severing the midrib resulted in reduced light‐saturated photosynthetic rate (A), stomatal conductance (gsw) and transpiration rate (E) by 2.6, 6.8 and 5.9%, respectively, already after thirty minutes. We further investigated the photosynthetic trait responses to various extents of leaf width severing, while keeping the midrib functional. Surprisingly, A, gsw and E in the downstream area of the severed leaves largely remained stable, showing minimal variation across different leaf width severing ratios. These traits declined only slightly even under increased ambient light intensity and leaf‐to‐air vapor pressure deficit. This sustained photosynthesis post‐severing is attributed to the efficient lateral water transport. Long‐term leaf damage slightly but not significantly, impacted the downstream photosynthetic traits within five days post‐severing. However, a more pronounced reduction in gas exchange during leaf senescence was observed nine days after severing. These findings suggested that rice leaves can tolerate hydraulic disturbances from vein severing and maintain functionality under various conditions, which is crucial for crop yield stability. However, long‐term consequences require further investigation.
Components of spirituality in older adults: A phenomenological study through interviews based on dignity therapy
Authors: Nagata Kyoko , Tanaka Koji 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimA key perspective in examining dignity, which is important for older adults, is spirituality. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the components of spirituality in older adults through interviews based on dignity therapy (DT).Methodological Design and JustificationColaizzi's descriptive phenomenology was applied to understand experiences rooted in the life world of older adults from their own perspective.Ethical Issues and ApprovalThis study was approved by the ethical review committee of the author's university. All participants provided consent to participate.Research MethodsSemi‐structured interviews based on DT were conducted with 11 community‐dwelling adults aged 65 years or older who were using some form of medical or social services. The interviews were transcribed, and the text was analysed based on Colaizzi's phenomenological method.ResultsFour themes were identified as components of spirituality in older adults: trauma, being silent about hard experiences, forming connections and taking on challenges and discovering one's own spirit. The participants felt a sense of helplessness and frustration as they dealt with traumatic events. Feelings of shame, guilt and/or resignation prevented them from talking about the distress they were experiencing, but they were able to move forward after receiving emotional support and having opportunities to share with others. These processes led to the discovery of a new self.Study LimitationsThis study assessed the experiences of older adults in Japan and may therefore have been influenced by the social background and culture of Japan. Future research should target older adults from a variety of social backgrounds as well as those with specific health conditions.ConclusionThe findings suggest the importance of creating opportunities for healthcare professionals as well as family, friends and community members to help older adults reflect on their lives and talk about their accomplishments and unresolved issues. Doing so should help older adults maintain their dignity while remaining aware of their mortality.
Upper bounds for Heilbronn's triangle problem in higher dimensions
Authors: Zakharov Dmitrii 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe develop a new simple approach to prove upper bounds for generalizations of the Heilbronn's triangle problem in higher dimensions. Among other things, we show the following: for fixed , any subset of of size contains

points that span a simplex of volume at most ,
points whose convex hull has volume at most ,
points that span a ‐dimensional simplex of volume at most .
α-Robust Error Analysis of L2-1σ Scheme on Graded Mesh for Time-Fractional Nonlocal Diffusion Equation
Authors: Kundaliya Pari J. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this work, a time-fractional nonlocal diffusion equation is considered. Based on the L2-1σ scheme on a graded mesh in time and the standard finite element method (FEM) in space, the fully-discrete L2-1σ finite element method is investigated for a time-fractional nonlocal diffusion problem. We prove the existence and uniqueness of fully-discrete solution. The α-robust error bounds are derived, i.e., bounds remain valid as α→1−, where α ∈(0,1) is the order of a temporal fractional derivative. The numerical experiments are presented to justify the theoretical findings.
On the Natural Keulegan–Carpenter Number for Subsea Industrial Modulus Installation
Authors: Fernandes Antonio Carlos , Soares Rodrigo Batista , de Andrade Emerson Martins , Junior Joel Sena Sales 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The behavior of subsea equipment has been widely studied by companies to minimize risks during subsea installation, which brings huge costs to the operation. The prediction of equipment motions typically is accomplished by utilizing either commercial software or recommended practices from Classification Societies to comply with the minimum requirements for launching operations. This article analyzes subsea installation in time and frequency domains using experimental, numerical, and analytical approaches. Experiments have been carried out at Instituto de Pesquisas Tecnológicas (IPT) to investigate the dependency of drag and added mass coefficients on Keulegan–Carpenter (KC) number and at Laboratory of Waves and Currents (LOC-COPPE/UFRJ) to study equipment and cable responses on the installation. A numerical model is made in orcaflex® for determining the transmissibility of displacement and force in function of frequency ratio, and the time series of manifold responses. Linearized models from DNV (DNV-GL, 2017, “Recommended Practice (DNVGL-RP-N103) – Modelling and Analysis of Marine Operations.”) and the so-called natural KC (proposed in the present article) are taken in the investigation and compared to previous methodologies. The natural KC approach arises as an innovative way of investigating subsea equipment as the literature only provides parametric analysis considering an arbitrary KC value (i.e., Pestana et al., 2021, “Subsea Manifold Installation: Operational Windows Estimation Based on Hydrodynamic Model Testing,” Ocean. Eng., 219, p. 108364). The analyses notice a good agreement among experiments, orcaflex® model, and natural KC model, whereas the curves found by the DNV method usually overpredict the response of subsea equipment, especially around resonance region.
Cefazolin as a predictor of urinary cephalosporin activity in indicated Enterobacterales
Authors: Bryson Alexandra L. , Bhalodi Amira , Liesman Rachael M. , Mathers Amy J. 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Traditionally, cephalothin susceptibility results were used to predict the susceptibility of additional cephalosporins; however, in 2013–2014, the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) revisited this practice and determined that cefazolin is a more accurate proxy than cephalothin for uncomplicated urinary tract infections (uUTIs). Therefore, a cefazolin surrogacy breakpoint was established to predict the susceptibility of seven oral cephalosporins for
Escherichia coli
,
Klebsiella pneumoniae
, and
Proteus mirabilis
in the context of uUTIs. Clinical microbiology laboratories face several operational challenges when implementing the cefazolin surrogacy breakpoint, which may lead to confusion for the best path forward. Here, we review the historical context and data behind the surrogacy breakpoints, review PK/PD profiles for oral cephalosporins, discuss challenges in deploying the breakpoint, and highlight the limited clinical outcome data in this space.
Multimethod dating of ice-rafted dropstones reveals hidden localized glacial erosion in Wilkes Subglacial Basin, Antarctica
Authors: Kodama Samuel T. , Cox Stephen E. , Thomson Stuart N. , Hemming Sidney R. , Williams Trevor , Licht Kathy J. , Formica Adam , Reiners Peter W. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The Antarctic ice sheet blankets &gt;99% of the continent and limits our ability to study how subglacial geology and topography have evolved through time. Ice-rafted dropstones derived from the Antarctic subglacial continental interior at different times during the late Cenozoic provide valuable thermal history proxies to understand this geologic history. We applied multiple thermochronometers covering a range of closure temperatures (60–800 °C) to 10 dropstones collected during Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Expedition 318 in order to explore the subglacial geology and thermal and exhumation history of the Wilkes Subglacial Basin. The Wilkes Subglacial Basin is a key target for study because ice-sheet models show it was an area of ice-sheet retreat that significantly contributed to sea-level rise during past warm periods. Depositional ages of dropstones range from early Oligocene to late Pleistocene and have zircon U-Pb or 40Ar/39Ar ages indicating sources from the Mertz shear zone, Adélie craton, Ferrar large igneous province, and Millen schist belt. Dropstones from the Mertz shear zone and Adélie craton experienced three cooling periods (1700–1500 Ma; 500–280 Ma; 34–0 Ma) and two periods of extremely slow cooling rates (1500–500 Ma; 280–34 Ma). Low-temperature thermochronometers from seven of the dropstones record cooling during the Paleozoic, potentially recording the Ross or Pan-African orogenies, and during the Mesozoic, potentially recording late Paleozoic to Mesozoic rifting. These dropstones then resided within ~500 m of the surface since the late Paleozoic and early Mesozoic. In contrast, two dropstones deposited during the mid-Pliocene, one from the Mertz shear zone and one from Adélie craton, show evidence for localized post-Eocene glacial erosion of ≥2 km.
Hybrid epithelial-mesenchymal status of lung cancer dictates metastatic success through differential interaction with NK cells
Authors: Parodi Monica , Centonze Giovanni , Murianni Fabio , Orecchia Paola , Andriani Francesca , Roato Ilaria , Gardelli Cecilia , Balsamo Melissa , Moro Massimo , Taiè Giulia , Pastorino Ugo , Petretto Andrea , Lavarello ‎ Chiara , Milione Massimo , Sozzi Gabriella , Roz Luca , Vitale Massimo , Bertolini Giulia 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundEpithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) endows cancer cells with pro-metastatic properties, which appear most effective when cells enter an intermediate hybrid (H) state, characterized by integrated mesenchymal (M) and epithelial (E) traits. The reasons for this advantage are poorly known and, especially, it is totally unexplored whether the interplay between H-cells and NK cells could have a role. Here we characterize the pro-metastatic mechanics of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) H-cells and their subset of cancer-initiating cells (CICs), dissecting crucial interactions with NK cells.MethodsHuman lung cancer cell lines and sublines representative of E, M, or H states, assessed by proteomics, were analyzed in vivo for their tumor-forming and disseminating capabilities. Interactions with NK cells were investigated in vitro using migration assays, cytotoxic degranulation assays, and evaluation of CD133+ CICs modulation after coculture, and validated in vivo through NK cell neutralization assays. Correlation between EMT status, NK cell infiltration, and survival data, was evaluated in a cohort of surgically resected NSCLC cases (n=79).ResultsWe demonstrated that H-cells, have limited dissemination capability but show the highest potential to initiate metastases in vivo. This property was related to their ability to escape NK cell surveillance. Mechanistically, H-cells expressed low levels of NK-attracting chemokines (CXCL1 and CXCL8), generating poorly infiltrated metastases. Accordingly, proteomics and GO enrichment analysis of E, H, M cell lines showed that the related secretory processes could change during EMT.Furthermore, H-CICs uniquely expressed high levels of the inhibitory ligand B7-H3, which protected H-CIC from NK cell-mediated clearance. In vivo neutralization assays confirmed that, indeed, the pro-metastatic properties of H-cells are poorly controlled by NK cells.Finally, the analysis of patients revealed that detection of hybrid phenotypes associated with low NK infiltration in NSCLC clinical specimens could identify a subset of patients with poor prognosis.ConclusionsOur study demonstrates that H-cells play a central role in the metastatic spread in NSCLC. Such pro-metastatic advantage of H-cells is supported by their altered interaction with NK cells and by the critical role of B7-H3 in preserving their H-CIC component, indicating B7-H3 as a potential target in combined NK-based therapies.