bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of kidney function on guideline‐directed medical therapy implementation and prognosis in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
Authors: Bánfi‐Bacsárdi Fanni , Pilecky Dávid , Vámos Máté , Majoros Zsuzsanna , Török Gábor Márton , Borsányi Tünde Dóra , Dékány Miklós , Solymossi Balázs , Andréka Péter , Duray Gábor Zoltán , Kiss Róbert Gábor , Nyolczas Noémi , Muk Balázs 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundKidney dysfunction (KD) is a main limiting factor of applying guideline‐directed medical therapy (GDMT) and reaching the recommended target doses (TD) in heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF).HypothesisWe aimed to assess the success of optimization, long‐term applicability, and adherence of neurohormonal antagonist triple therapy (TT:RASi [ACEi/ARB/ARNI] + βB + MRA) according to the KD after a HF hospitalization and to investigate its impact on prognosis.MethodsThe data of 247 real‐world, consecutive patients were analyzed who were hospitalized in 2019−2021 for HFrEF and then were followed‐up for 1 year. The application and the ratio of reached TD of TT at hospital discharge and at 1 year were assessed comparing KD categories (eGFR: ≥90, 60−89, 45−59, 30−44, <30 mL/min/1.73 m2). Moreover, 1‐year all‐cause mortality and rehospitalization rates in KD subgroups were investigated.ResultsMajority of the patients received TT at hospital discharge (77%) and at 1 year (73%). More severe KD led to a lower application ratio (p < .05) of TT (92%, 88%, 80%, 73%, 31%) at discharge and at 1 year (81%, 76%, 76%, 68%, 40%). Patients with more severe KD were less likely (p < .05) to receive TD of MRA (81%, 68%, 78%, 61%, 52%) at discharge and a RASi (53%, 49%, 45%, 21%, 27%) at 1 year.One‐year all‐cause mortality (14%, 15%, 16%, 33%, 48%, p < .001), the ratio of all‐cause rehospitalizations (30%, 35%, 40%, 43%, 52%, p = .028), and rehospitalizations for HF (8%, 13%, 18%, 20%, 38%, p = .001) were significantly higher in more severe KD categories.ConclusionsKD unfavorably affects the application of TT in HFrEF, however poorer mortality and rehospitalization rates among them highlight the role of the conscious implementation and up‐titration of GDMT.
Impact of different sequential triple oral combination therapies based selexipag on outcomes in pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Hu Xiaoyi , Yuan Ping , Chen Jun , Wang Shang , Zhao Hui , Wei Yaqin , Fu Jiaqi , Chen Fadong , Ruan Hongyun , Zhang Wei , Zhou Yanli , Wang Qiqi , Xu Xiaoling , Feng Kefu , Guo Jianzhou , Gong Sugang , Zhang Ruifeng , Zhao Qinhua , Wang Lan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundWhile the GRIPHON study and others have confirmed the efficacy and safety of selexipag with single, dual, and initial triple combination therapy for patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), multicenters studies concerning diverse triple oral combination therapies based on selexipag are limited.HypothesisThis study was conducted to evaluate the effects of various sequential triple oral combination therapies on PAH outcomes.MethodsA retrospective study was carried out involving 192 patients from 10 centers, who were receiving sequential triple oral combination therapy consisting of an endothelin receptor antagonist (ERA), a phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor (PDE5i)/riociguat and selexipag. Clinical parameters, event‐free survival, and all‐cause survival were assessed and analyzed at baseline and posttreatment.ResultsAmong the 192 patients, 37 were treated with ERA + riociguat + selexipag, and 155 patients received ERA + PDE5i + selexipag. Both sequential triple oral combination therapies improved the World Health Organization functional class and raised the count of low‐risk parameters. As a result of the larger patients' population in the ERA + PDE5i + selexipag group, these individuals exhibited significant increases in 6‐minute walking distance (6MWD), pulmonary arterial systolic pressure, pulmonary arterial pressure, right ventricle, and eccentricity index, and significant decreases in N‐terminal probrain natriuretic peptide after 6 months of treatment. Nevertheless, both sequential triple oral combination therapy groups demonstrated similar shifts in these clinical parameters between baseline and 6 months. Baseline 6MWD and mean pulmonary arterial pressure were independent predictors of survival in patients undergoing ERA + PDE5i + selexipag therapy. Importantly, no significant differences were found in 6‐month event‐free survival and all‐cause survival between two groups.ConclusionsDifferent oral sequential triple combination therapies based on selexipag could comparably improve outcomes in patients with PAH.
Toward high stability of O3‐type NaNi1/3Fe1/3Mn1/3O2 cathode material with zirconium substitution for advanced sodium‐ion batteries
Authors: Jiang Chunyu , Wang Yingshuai , Xin Yuhang , Ding Xiangyu , Liu Shengkai , Pang Yanfei , Chen Baorui , Wang Yusong , Liu Lei , Wu Feng , Gao Hongcai 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe successfully synthesized a series of O3‐type NaNi1/3Fe1/3Mn1/3−xZrxO2 (x = 0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.04) cathode materials by the solid‐state reaction method. Energy dispersion spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy results confirmed the successful incorporation of Zr elements into the lattice to substitute Mn. Due to the introduction of Zr4+, the crystal structure modulation of O3‐NaNi1/3Fe1/3Mn1/3O2 has been realized. By increasing the Zr4+ content, the width of the sodium diffusion layer expands, thereby facilitating the diffusion of sodium ions. Consequently, the material exhibits a remarkable enhancement in high‐rate capability. At the same time, increasing the Zr4+ content results in a notable decrease in both the average bond length of TM−O and the thickness of the TMO6 octahedron in the transition metal layer, resulting in a significant improvement in the cycling performance and structural stability of the cathode material. Additionally, the in‐situ XRD results demonstrate that the optimized cathode composition of O3‐NaNi1/3Fe1/3Mn1/3–0.02Zr0.02O2 (NFMZ2) undergoes a reversible phase transition of O3 → O3 + P3 → P3 → O3 + P3 → O3 during the charge–discharge process.
China's ESG scorecard: A predictive machine learning model
Authors: David Lemuel Kenneth , Wang Jianling , Angel Vanessa , Luo Meiling 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn today's globalized business environment, the intersection of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) factors has come to the forefront, shaping the paradigms of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and environmental stewardship. As China, with its economic prowess and distinct socio‐cultural milieu, takes center stage, deciphering its ESG dynamics becomes imperative for both local and global stakeholders. This groundbreaking research unveils a pioneering multidimensional ESG scoring system tailored for the Chinese corporate landscape. Drawing on an extensive dataset from Bloomberg, spanning an 11‐year period and encompassing 1496 companies, this study stands as a seminal contribution to the ESG literature. By harnessing advanced mathematical explorations coupled with state‐of‐the‐art machine learning techniques, the model's predictive prowess is heightened, ensuring its adaptability and robustness. Venturing beyond mere metrics, this research accentuates the practical implications of ESG in shaping sustainable and responsible business practices in China, thereby catalyzing a more ethically aligned corporate trajectory in the region.
Examining the X factor of corporate social responsibility in professional football clubs: An integrative literature review
Authors: Rith Rongtitya , Spinelli Riccardo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCorporate social responsibility (CSR) implementation has gained momentum amongst professional sport organisations, including the football industry. Amidst the increasing normative and strategic importance of CSR for professional football clubs, this integrative review aims to consolidate and examine scholarly contributions in this area. Our content analysis performed on 50 studies (published from 2008 to 2022) elaborates on five CSR‐football thematic areas, namely “Implementation and Governance”, “Drivers and Barriers”, “Impacts and Perceptions”, “Communication”, and “Measurement”. Findings indicate that the extant research on CSR in football is rather limited in various aspects. Our discussion addresses those core areas in need of attention for future research endeavours, specifically the expansion of the research scale and scope, the strengthening of theoretical foundations, the prevalent instrumental approach in CSR implementation, the minimal attention on drivers and barriers, the lack of focus on impact assessment and evaluation, and the lack of emphasis on disclosure and communication issues.
Reliable and optimal design of variable inductor integrated LLC converter
Authors: Wu Mingtao , Du Guiping , Wang Xueyi , Chen Yu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe variable inductor integrated LLC (VI‐LLC) converter is able to operate at constant switching frequency and avoid wide variable frequency range and thus emerged in recent years. However, VI‐LLC converter suffers two reliability problems. First, coupling between the main winding and the control winding of variable inductor (VI) causes negative effects on the converter, which are few considered in the literature. Second, parameter fluctuation (PF) of resonant elements has negative effects on operation and gain reliability of VI‐LLC converter, causing unreliable operation and voltage gain deviation. To solve the above problems, in this paper, a reliable and optimal design methodology of VI‐LLC converter is proposed. First, the coupling effects of VI are introduced and analyzed, with a coupling index proposed to quantify and reduce the coupling effects. Then, negative effects on VI‐LLC converter caused by PF are visualized and eliminated with the filtered parameter space and the redetermined variation range of VI. Based on the above consideration, a reliable final parameter space considering PF effects and the coupling problem is established. Finally, the efficiency space referring to the final parameter space is established based on the loss model of VI‐LLC converter to determine the optimal design candidate. Experimentation has shown a good agreement with theory and proven validity of the proposed design methodology.
Prevalence and risk factors of glomerular hyperfiltration in adults with type 2 diabetes: A population‐based study
Authors: Tricò Domenico , Fadini Gian Paolo , Morieri Mario Luca , Candido Riccardo , Disoteo Olga Eugenia , Frontoni Simona , Solini Anna ,   PIONEERING EXPERIENCE study group
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimsGlomerular hyperfiltration characterises the earliest stage of diabetic nephropathy and predicts adverse kidney and cardiovascular outcomes. We aimed to assess the prevalence and risk factors of glomerular hyperfiltration in a population‐based contemporary cohort of individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D).Materials and MethodsThe prevalence of unequivocal glomerular hyperfiltration (defined by an estimated glomerular filtration rate >120 mL/min/1.73 m2) and its associated risk factors were identified in a cohort of 202,068 adult patients with T2D receiving specialist care in 2021–2022, whose center‐aggregated data were automatically extracted from electronic medical records of 75 diabetes clinics in Italy.ResultsGlomerular hyperfiltration was identified in 1262 (0.6%) participants. The prevalence of glomerular hyperfiltration varied widely across centers (0%–3.4%) and correlated with mean center age, HbA1c, body mass index (BMI), and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol. Patients in centers with high glomerular hyperfiltration prevalence (>0.8%) were more often men and had lower age and BMI, but more frequent albuminuria and worse glucose, lipid, and blood pressure control, compared with low‐normal prevalence centers.ConclusionsUnequivocal glomerular hyperfiltration can be identified in up to 3.4% of patients receiving up‐to‐date specialist diabetes care. Glomerular hyperfiltration prevalence varies across centers and substantially increases with suboptimal control of metabolic risk factors, which would require improved management to mitigate the negative health consequences of this pathological condition.
Adherence to an energy‐restricted Mediterranean diet is associated with the presence and burden of carotid atherosclerosis in people with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Serés‐Noriega Tonet , Viñals Clara , Perea Verónica , Mesa Alex , Boswell Laura , Mariaca Karla , Blanco Jesús , Vinagre Irene , Pané Adriana , Milad Camila , Solà Clara , Esmatjes Enric , Conget Ignacio , Giménez Marga , Amor Antonio J. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimsPeople with type 1 diabetes (T1D) have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The Mediterranean diet is associated with reduced CVD; however, the evidence in T1D is scarce. We aimed to analyse the relationships between adherence to the energy‐restricted Mediterranean diet (erMEDd) and carotid atherosclerosis.Materials and MethodsWe included subjects with T1D without CVD, with ≥1 of the following: age ≥40 years, diabetic kidney disease, or ≥10 years of disease duration with another risk factor. Plaque presence (intima‐media thickness ≥1.5 mm) was determined by ultrasonography. The PREDIMED‐Plus 17‐item questionnaire (PP‐17) was used to assess adherence to the erMEDd.ResultsFour hundred one individuals were included (48% males, age 48.3 ± 11 years, diabetes duration 26.8 ± 11.4 years). Those harbouring plaques (42%) showed lower adherence to the erMEDd (PP‐17: 8.9 ± 2.3 of a maximum of 17 vs. 9.8 ± 2.5, p < 0.001). Greater adherence to the erMEDd was correlated with an overall better metabolic profile. After adjusting for multiple confounders, adherence to the erMEDd was independently associated with carotid atherosclerosis (OR 0.86 [0.77–0.95] for plaque presence and OR 0.85 [0.75–0.97] for ≥2 plaques). The consumption of fruit and nuts and preference of white over red meat was higher in individuals without atherosclerosis (p < 0.05). Fruit and nut consumption was associated with lower plaque prevalence in the fully adjusted models (OR 0.38 [0.19–0.73] and 0.51 [0.29–0.93]).ConclusionsGreater adherence to the erMEDd is associated with less carotid atherosclerosis in subjects with T1D at high risk of CVD. Strategies to improve and implement healthy dietary patterns in this population should be encouraged.
Comparison between sodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors on the risk of incident cancer in patients with diabetes mellitus: A real‐world evidence study
Authors: Sung Hui‐Lin , Hung Chuan‐Yu , Tung Yu‐Chun , Lin Chih‐Chung , Tsai Tung‐Han , Huang Kuang‐Hua 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimsSodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT‐2is) have been demonstrated to be associated with cancer cell mechanisms. However, whether they increase the risk of cancer remains unclear. Thus, this study aimed to determine the association between SGLT‐2i use and the incidence of cancer in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) in Taiwan.Materials and MethodsThis retrospective cohort study was based on the Taiwan National Health Insurance database. The study population comprised patients with DM, and those who first used SGLT‐2is during 2016–2018 were assigned to the study group. Greedy propensity score matching was performed to select patients who first used dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors (DPP‐4is), and these patients were assigned to the control group. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for cancer risk in the study and control groups; this model was adjusted for demographic characteristics, DM severity, comorbidities and concomitant medication use.ResultsAfter controlling for relevant variables, the SGLT‐2i cohort (aHR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.87–0.93) had a significantly lower risk of developing cancer than the DPP‐4i cohort, particularly when the SGLT‐2i was dapagliflozin (aHR = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.87–0.95) or empagliflozin (aHR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.86–0.94). Regarding cancer type, the SGLT‐2i cohort's risk of cancer was significantly lower than that of the DPP‐4i cohort for leukaemia, oesophageal, colorectal, liver, pancreatic, lung, skin and bladder cancer.ConclusionsSGLT‐2i use was associated with a significantly lower risk of cancer than DPP‐4i use.
Nitrogen rather than water availability limits aboveground primary productivity in an arid ecosystem: Substantial differences between grasses and shrubs
Authors: Carbonell‐Silletta Luisina , Scholz Fabian Gustavo , Burek Antonella , Villa Virginia Diaz , Cavallaro Agustin , Askenazi Javier Oscar , Arias Nadia Soledad , Hao Guang‐You , Goldstein Guillermo , Bucci Sandra Janet 
Published: February 2024

AbstractChanges in water and nitrogen availability can affect the structure and function of arid ecosystems. How these resources affect aboveground primary productivity (ANPP) remains far from clear. We examined the N and water limitation of ANPP from the species to the community level and the response of ANPP to annual precipitation in a Patagonian steppe. We conducted a 7‐year field experiment with water addition (+W), nitrogen addition (+N) and +NW. Destructive methods for grasses and allometric relationships for shrubs were used to assess ANPP and vegetation indices (NDVI and MSAVI2) to estimate community ANPP. An increase in ANPP of one grass species (Papposstipa humilis) and a decrease of the grass Poa ligularis under +N were observed. Some shrub species exhibited mortality under nitrogen addition. Nitrogen exerted a positive effect on grass ANPP and amplified the sensitivity of grass ANPP to annual precipitation. However, +N had not effects on the shrub ANPP and shrub ANPP‐precipitation relationship. Water addition by itself had no effect on ANPP for either shrubs or grasses. However, shrubs responded positively to an unusually wet year regardless of treatment and were also more sensitive to changes in annual precipitation than grasses. Total ANPP increased significantly in +N relative to the C and +W but without changes in the sensitivity to annual precipitation. The results suggest that the responses of grasses and shrubs to water inputs are driven by soil moisture redistribution and rooting depth and that grass and community ANPP are more limited by N than by water.
When views about alternative medicine, nature and god come in the way of people's vaccination intentions
Authors: Van Oost Pascaline , Schmitz Mathias , Klein Olivier , Brisbois Marie , Luminet Olivier , Morbée Sofie , Raemdonck Eveline , Van den Bergh Omer , Vansteenkiste Maarten , Waterschoot Joachim , Yzerbyt Vincent 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn spite of the safety and efficiency of the COVID‐19 vaccines and the many promotion efforts of political and expert authorities, a fair portion of the population remained hesitant if not opposed to vaccination. Public debate and the available literature point to the possible role of people's attitudes towards medical institutions as well as their preference for complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) on their motivations and intentions to be vaccinated. Other potential ideological factors are beliefs about environmental laissez‐faire and divine providence insofar as they encourage people to let the pandemic unfold without human interference. In three cross‐sectional samples (total N = 8214), collected at successive moments during the Belgian vaccination campaign, the present research examines the distal role of these psychological and ideological factors on vaccination intentions via motivational processes. Study 1 gauges the relation between trust in medical institutions and preference for CAM on intentions to get vaccinated via motivations. Study 2 examined the role of beliefs in the desirability of letting nature take its course (‘environmental laissez‐faire beliefs’) on vaccination intention via motivations. Study 3 tests whether people's adherence to environmental laissez‐faire and beliefs about divine providence are linked to their motivations for vaccination via trust in the medical institutions and CAM. Results show that adherence to CAM has a deleterious effect on vaccination intentions, whereas trust in medical institutions has a positive effect. Both ideological factors pertaining to external control are only moderately related, with environmental laissez‐faire beliefs having stronger effects on CAM, medical trust and vaccination motivations. We discuss the importance of this set of results in light of the growing interest in CAM and the increasing presence of messages appealing to the environment.
Why cannot reasons change your moral decisions? Because they are not persuasive enough: A comment on Stanley et al. (2018)
Authors: Gao Ruixiang , Xiao Qikai , Huang Shengqiao , Li Zhuoyu , Mo Lei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractStanley et al. (2018) found that the consideration of reasons rarely induced people to change their moral decisions. We challenged this article by assuming what caused such a null or weak effect was that the persuasiveness of reasons provided to oppose the initial decisions was not strong enough. To verify our assumption, this study used Stanley et al.’s (2018) experimental paradigm and manipulated the levels of persuasiveness of reasons. The results revealed (1) that not only strong opposing reasons but also weak affirming reasons could induce changes in moral decision‐making and increase decision confidence after altering the decisions; (2) that people with a weak decision confidence tended to change their initial decisions after evaluation of reasons; and (3) that people who maintained their decisions after considering weak opposing reasons enhanced rather than reduced their decision confidence. Overall, these findings demonstrated that moral decision change was a composite outcome of the interaction among reason type, reason persuasiveness and initial decision confidence and that low‐quality argumentation had a boomerang effect on moral persuasion. This study re‐lifted the role of rational reasoning in moral decision‐making and revising, thus posing important amendments to Stanley et al.’s (2018) findings.
Using data on biomarkers and siblings to study early‐life economic determinants of type‐2 diabetes
Authors: Alessie Rob J. M. , Angelini Viola , van den Berg Gerard J. , Mierau Jochen O. , Niccodemi Gianmaria 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe study the effect of economic conditions early in life on the occurrence of type‐2 diabetes in adulthood using contextual economic indicators and within‐sibling pair variation. We use data from Lifelines: a longitudinal cohort study and biobank including 51,270 siblings born in the Netherlands from 1950 onward. Sibling fixed‐effects account for selective fertility. To identify type‐2 diabetes we use biomarkers on the hemoglobin A1c concentration and fasting glucose in the blood. We find that adverse economic conditions around birth increase the probability of type‐2 diabetes later in life both in males and in females. Inference based on self‐reported diabetes leads to biased results, incorrectly suggesting the absence of an effect. The same applies to inference that does not account for selective fertility.