bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rhythmic gymnastics, is a healthy or a deleterious sport for the athletes? An exploratory study on eating disorders in southern Italy
Authors: Petrigna Luca , Sortino Martina , Trovato Bruno , Alongi Simona , Musumeci Giuseppe 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
The practice of sports is not always associated with the concept of health. Rhythmic gymnastics often witnesses athletes adopting unhealthy eating habits. This may lead to eating disorders.

Aims
This study aims to evaluate a sample of rhythmic gymnasts from Southern Italy in terms of eating habits, eating disorders, and menstrual cycles disorders.

Methods
Girls under 19 years of age who practice rhythmic gymnastics answered two questionnaires: the Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26); and the Bulimic Investigatory Test Edinburgh (BITE). An health questionnaire was also proposed.

Results
The participants had a mean body mass index of 17.9 ± 2.2 kg/m2; 33.33% of the gymnasts reported a score ≥ 20 in the EAT, indicating a possible eating disorder. On the BITE Symptom subscale, 6.7% of the gymnasts had a score between 10 and 19 (abnormal eating habits); 10% scored ≥ 20 (highly disordered eating possible binge eating). Some gymnasts presented altered menstrual cycle.

Conclusion
the findings emphasize the need for special attention to eating disorders, menstrual alteration, and education among rhythmic gymnasts. Coaches and team managers should institute monitoring and preventive measures to address these issues as athletes transition into adulthood.
Social distance behind bars: comparing inmates’ and prison officers’ perceptions of the social climate during the COVID-19 pandemic in German prisons
Authors: Richter Melanie S. , Hamatschek Marie Joséphine 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic presented challenges to prison officers and inmates alike. Since it impacted all areas of the working and living environment, it was assumed that the social climate in prison changed as a result. As part of the Corona Behind Bars project, this study had two objectives: first, to compare how the social climate (Essen Climate Evaluation Schema) is perceived by inmates (N = 956) and prison officers (N = 502) as a result of the pandemic. Second, to analyze the impact of the burden of contact restrictions between inmates and prison officers on their respective perceptions of the social climate. In line with the differences between inmates and prison officers reported in the literature, inmates reported significantly higher values on the dimension experienced safety than did prison officers, while prison officers reported significantly higher values on the dimension therapeutic hold. No significant difference was found for the dimension inmate cohesion. Compared to norm values both the prison officers and the inmates rated the social climate as clearly below average. The moderation analysis revealed an interaction of status group × burden of contact restriction: The impact of the burden of contact restriction on social climate perception was more pronounced for inmates than for prison officers. Overall, the results suggest that the perception of the social climate was adversely affected by the pandemic for the prison officers and the inmates. However, the specific factors contributing to this deterioration appear to be group-specific.
Exploring childhood cancer survivor, parent, healthcare and community professionals’ experiences of, and priorities for, using digital health to engage in physical activity: a mixed methods study
Authors: Ha Lauren , Nevin Suzanne M. , Wakefield Claire E. , Jacovou Jacqueline , Mizrahi David , Signorelli Christina 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Digital health interventions provide an innovative way to engage childhood cancer survivors in physical activity, yet few studies have explored the priorities of key stakeholders regarding using digital health. We aimed to investigate survivor, parent, and healthcare and community professional (HCP) experiences, priorities, and perceived importance of using digital health to promote physical activity behaviours for survivors.

Methods
Participants rated the importance of digital health features to promote physical activity in a survey. Guided by survey responses, we facilitated online focus groups or semi-structured interviews to discuss participants’ experiences, priorities, and suggestions in-depth. We transcribed the data verbatim and conducted directed content analysis.

Results
Forty participants took part in focus groups or interviews (including 9 childhood cancer survivors aged 8–21 years, 13 parents, and 18 HCP). Four key priorities were identified: health behaviour education, peer and parent involvement, goalsetting, and support from an HCP. There was a strong preference for digital mediums to facilitate physical activity due to its accessibility and convenience. Common intervention suggestions included earlier intervention (before the survivorship period), tailored and age-appropriate programs, a combined diet and exercise approach, and concise education delivery.

Conclusions
This study identified key priorities that may help to promote physical activity behaviours among childhood cancer survivors. Further research is needed to integrate these priorities into health behaviour interventions and evaluate their feasibility and efficacy.

Implications for Cancer Survivors
Incorporating these multi-perspective priorities into future interventions will help to ensure their sustainability, acceptability, and uptake. This will in turn support childhood cancer survivors to develop a healthy lifestyle into adulthood.
Aluminum Foam Sandwiches: A Lighter Future for Car Bodies
Authors: Neu T. R. , Heim K. , Seeliger W. , Kamm P. H. , García-Moreno F. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAn aluminum foam sandwich (AFS) is a lightweight material that has great potential for applications in the automotive industry. In this work, the production routes of metal foams and metal foam sandwiches are reviewed. We compare the mechanical properties of AFS, such as high mass-specific bending stiffness, compressive strength and crash-absorption capacity, with other materials such as steel, aluminum alloys, or fiber composites and place them in a cost/weight comparison. Additional functional properties such as high electromagnetic damping, increased sound absorption, and improved fire resistance underline its multi-functional character. Furthermore, possible joining techniques and parts of AFS for modern car bodies, such as the battery box, are discussed.
Role of Austenite Stability in Elevated Temperature Mechanical Properties of Gas Metal Arc-Directed Energy Deposition Austenitic Stainless Steels
Authors: DeNonno Olivia , Gonzales Juan Felipe , Tate Stephen , Hamlin Robert , Klemm-Toole Jonah 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA gas metal-directed energy deposition process was used to fabricate builds using two commercial weld fillers used in power generation applications, 16-8-2 and 316H. Microstructure stability and mechanical properties were investigated through room-temperature and elevated temperature tensile testing and creep testing at 650°C, 750°C, and 825°C. 16-8-2 exhibited reduced austenite stability which resulted in athermal martensite formation after aging at 650°C for 1000 h and strain-induced martensite formation during room-temperature tensile testing. 316H exhibited relatively higher austenite stability due to increased alloying content, resulting in no athermal martensite or strain-induced martensite. Due to lower austenite stability, ferrite formed during creep at 650°C in 16-8-2, which resulted in reduced creep life and lower creep ductility compared to 316H. At 750°C and 825°C, when ferrite is no longer thermodynamically stable, 16-8-2 exhibited longer creep life and similar creep ductility as 316H. The formation of ferrite in 16-8-2 appears to have a greater impact on creep performance than the formation of embrittling topologically close-packed phases like the σ phase, as 316H exhibited superior creep performance while predicted to form 14 vol.% σ phase at 650°C.
On the $$\rho $$-Caputo Impulsive p-Laplacian Boundary Problem: An Existence Analysis
Authors: Chabane Farid , Benbachir Maamar , Etemad Sina , Rezapour Shahram , Avcı İbrahim 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDue to the importance of some physical systems, in this paper, we aim to investigate a generalized impulsive $$\rho $$
ρ
-Caputo differential equation equipped with a p-Laplacian operator. In fact, our problem is a generalization of fractional differential equations equipped with the integral boundary conditions, impulsive forms and p-Laplacian operators under the Nemytskii operators. In this direction, we prove some theorems on the existence property along with the uniqueness of solutions under the Nemytskii operator. More precisely, we use the Schauder’s and Schaefer’s fixed point theorems, along with the Banach contraction principle. In the sequel, two examples are provided to show the validity of the obtained results in practical.
Toegankelijk monitoronderzoek voor mensen met een lichte verstandelijke beperking en/of laaggeletterden
Authors: Koks-Leensen Monique C. J. , Menko Anouk , Raaijmakers Fieke , Bevelander Kirsten E. 
Published: March 2024

SamenvattingMensen met een lichte verstandelijke beperking (LVB) en laaggeletterden hebben een verhoogd risico op gezondheidsproblemen. Zij worden echter onvoldoende bereikt met gezondheidsonderzoek, waardoor inzicht in hun gezondheid en ondersteuningsbehoeften ontbreekt. Tijdens de COVID-19-pandemie werd de essentie van dit inzicht voor passend beleid extra duidelijk. Wij hebben een inclusief monitoronderzoek uitgevoerd met een aangepaste vragenlijst om de impact van de COVID-19-pandemie op de gezondheid van mensen met LVB en/of laaggeletterden te monitoren. In dit artikel beschrijven we onze inclusieve aanpak en delen we succesfactoren en tips voor toekomstig gezondheidsonderzoek.
Evaluation of ERP software selection criteria with fuzzy AHP approach: an application in the metal production enterprises in the aviation industry
Authors: Dağci Yüksel Büşra , Ersöz Filiz 
Published: March 2024

AbstractUsing enterprise resource planning provides benefits and added value regarding enterprise processes’ efficiency, integration, and effectiveness. However, while selecting the ERP software, parameters in various categories, such as the enterprise’s requests, the services of the consultant firm, and the employee’s participation, should be considered. When determining between options, the parameters taken into consideration may differ from one another or be imprecise. This study aims to ascertain the criteria that Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) that intend to invest in ERP software should pay attention to when selecting ERP software. The ERP usage process of the enterprise, the success of ERP within the company, the ERP installation process, the ERP company’s support service, and the focus on the parameters of meeting the expectations from the ERP system were made. The obtained information was evaluated with the fuzzy AHP technique. It was decided that the most significant criterion that the enterprise should pay attention to in the selection of ERP is the success of ERP within the company and meeting the expectations of the ERP system, and a suggestion was presented in this direction.
From AI Ethics Principles to Practices: A Teleological Methodology to Apply AI Ethics Principles in The Defence Domain
Authors: Taddeo Mariarosaria , Blanchard Alexander , Thomas Christopher 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis article provides a methodology for the interpretation of AI ethics principles to specify ethical criteria for the development and deployment of AI systems in high-risk domains. The methodology consists of a three-step process deployed by an independent, multi-stakeholder ethics board to: (1) identify the appropriate level of abstraction for modelling the AI lifecycle; (2) interpret prescribed principles to extract specific requirements to be met at each step of the AI lifecycle; and (3) define the criteria to inform purpose- and context-specific balancing of the principles. The methodology presented in this article is designed to be agile, adaptable, and replicable, and when used as part of a pro-ethical institutional culture, will help to foster the ethical design, development, and deployment of AI systems. The application of the methodology is illustrated through reference to the UK Ministry of Defence AI ethics principles.
The effects of different types of Tai Chi exercises on preventing falls in older adults: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Lin Jiaqi , Ning Shuaiqi , Lyu Shaowei , Gao Hainan , Shao Xinxin , Tan Zili , Zhu Xiangyu , Chen Ying 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Objectives
Few studies comparing the effects of different types of Tai Chi exercises on preventing falls in older adults. We compared the effects for finding an optimal intervention.

Methods
We searched 12 databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and so on, from their inception to January 13, 2023. Randomized controlled trials incorporating different types of Tai Chi for preventing falls in older adults were included. The outcome measures were the incidence of falls and Berg Balance Scale (BBS). Network meta-analysis (NMA) was conducted using Stata 15.1 based on a frequentist framework.

Results
Seventeen trials were eligible, including 3470 participants and four types of Tai Chi. They were 24-form simplified Tai Chi (24-form), Yang style Tai Chi (Yang style), Sun style Tai Chi (Sun style) and Tai Chi exercise program (TCEP). In paired meta-analysis, for incidence of falls, 24-form (Relative Risk (RR) = 0.59, 95% confidence interval (CI) [0.40, 0.86]) was more efficient than the control group. For BBS outcome, 24-form (MD (mean difference) = 2.32, 95% CI [1.42, 3.22]) was better than the control group. In the NMA, the results of incidence of falls were as follows: 24-form > Yang style > Sun style > control > TCEP. The rank probability of BBS was as follows: 24-form > TCEP > Yang style > control.

Conclusion
Among the four types of Tai Chi studied, the 24-form simplified Tai Chi has shown better efficacy than other types.
Research progresses of nanomaterials as lubricant additives
Authors: Jiang Zhengquan , Sun Yankun , Liu Bokang , Yu Laigui , Tong Yuping , Yan Mingming , Yang Zhongzheng , Hao Yongxing , Shangguan Linjian , Zhang Shengmao , Li Weihua 
Published: March 2024

AbstractFriction and wear are unavoidable in mechanical movement. The use of lubricants with nano-additives can effectively reduce friction and wear, which is of great significance to saving energy and protecting the environment. At present, great progress has been made in the scientific research and industrial application of nano-additives for lubricants. This paper mainly introduces the types of nano-additives for lubricants (such as carbon nanomaterials, nano-metals, nano-oxides, sulfides, complexes, polymers, etc.), the tribological properties of lubricants with different components of nano-additives, and the lubrication mechanisms of the nano-additives (including tribofilm formation, rolling ball bearing effect, repairing effect, polishing effect, and synergistic effect). It also deals with the dispersion of nano-additives in lubricants and the influences of their particle size and microstructure on the tribological properties of lubricants. This review outlines the performance requirements of nano-additives in different lubrication states, discusses the use of nano-additives in challenging working conditions, and identifies various industrial oil nano-additives with reference to the appropriate options in diverse working environments. Furthermore, the existing problems of nano-additives and their application prospects are summarized. This review, hopefully, would help to shed light on the design and synthesis of novel high-performance nano-additives and promote their application in engineering.
Mechanism and application of mechanical property improvements in engineering materials by pulsed magnetic treatment: A review
Authors: Cai Zhipeng , Qian Chengkai , Zhang Xu , Dai Ning , Wu Yao , Ji Wen 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPulsed magnetic treatment (PMT) has been adopted as an effective strengthening method for engineering materials and components in recent years, and the development of its application depends on the comprehensive understanding of the nature of PMT. The deep mechanism was thought initially to be the magnetostrictive effect, while further investigation found that the magnetic field could lead to the change of the defect states in the crystal, which is called the magnetoplastic effect. Due to the complexity of the engineering materials, manifestations of the magnetoplastic effect become more diverse, and they were reviewed in the form of microstructure homogenization and interfacial stabilization. Further, the mechanism of the magnetoplastic effect was discussed, focusing on the changes in the spin states under the external magnetic field. Microstructure modifications could also alter material performances, especially the residual stress, plasticity, and fatigue properties. Therefore, PMT with specific parameters can be utilized to obtain an ideal combination of microstructure, residual stress, and mechanical properties for better service performance of different mechanical parts, and its applications on machining tools and bearings are perfect examples. This work reviews the effect of PMT on the microstructure and properties of different materials and the mechanism, and it also summarizes the fundamental applications of PMT on essential mechanical parts.
Labor market traps
Authors: Posner Eric A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSome products, notably but not only platforms, increase in value for users as the number of other users increases. These interaction or network effects can result in ‘product market traps’ (Bursztynet al., 2023) where people who use the product would be better off if they all stopped using it and switched to another product, but cannot because of coordination problems. A parallel but overlooked phenomenon is thelabor market trap, where employees would be better off if they collectively left an employer, job, or profession, but cannot because of the difficulty of coordination. Product market and labor market traps pose a challenge to public policy because of the complexity of people's behavior in networks, but can be mitigated in some cases with relatively simple taxes and regulatory interventions.
Advancing the Science of Mentorship: Future Directions for Sustainable Implementation and Evaluation of Mentorship Education for the Clinical and Translational Science Workforce
Authors: Asquith Pam , McDaniels Melissa , Baez Adriana , Corsino Leonor , Fillingim Roger , Rubio Doris , Russell Christopher , Sorkness Christine , Thompson Winston , Pfund Christine 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The Advancing the Science of Mentorship: Future Directions for Sustainable Implementation and Evaluation of Mentorship Education for the Clinical and Translational Science Workforce conference was held in Madison, Wisconsin, in April 2023. The conference provided an engaging and scholarly forum for clinical and translational researchers from diverse backgrounds and career stages (including leaders at Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA) hubs and affiliated institutions) with a professional interest and commitment to improving and diversifying workforce development and fostering a climate of inclusive excellence through best practices in mentorship. Outcomes from the conference include an online resource and a new Community of Practice.
Toward achieving smart cities in Africa: challenges to data use and the way forward
Authors: Agyemang Ernest , Anderson Brilé , Patiño Jorge , Tremolieres Marie 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The advent of smart and digital cities is bringing data to the forefront as a critical resource for addressing the multifaceted transitions faced by African cities from rapid urbanization to the climate crisis. However, this commentary highlights the formidable considerations that must be addressed to realize the potential of data-driven urban planning and management. We argue that data should be viewed as a tool, not a panacea, drawing from our experience in modeling and mapping the accessibility of transport systems in Accra and Kumasi, Ghana. We identify five key considerations, including data choice, imperfections, resource intensity, validation, and data market dynamics, and propose three actionable points for progress: local data sharing, centralized repositories, and capacity-building. While our focus is on Kumasi and Accra, the considerations discussed are relevant to cities across the African continent.
Given-data probabilistic fatigue assessment for offshore wind turbines using Bayesian quadrature
Authors: Fekhari Elias , Chabridon Vincent , Muré Joseph , Iooss Bertrand 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Offshore wind turbines intend to take a rapidly growing share in the electric mix. The design, installation, and exploitation of these industrial assets are regulated by international standards, providing generic guidelines. Constantly, new projects reach unexploited wind resources, pushing back installation limits. Therefore, turbines are increasingly subject to uncertain environmental conditions, making long-term investment decisions riskier (at the design or end-of-life stage). Fortunately, numerical models of wind turbines enable to perform accurate multi-physics simulations of such systems when interacting with their environment. The challenge is then to propagate the input environmental uncertainties through these models and to analyze the distribution of output variables of interest. Since each call of such a numerical model can be costly, the estimation of statistical output quantities of interest (e.g., the mean value, the variance) has to be done with a restricted number of simulations. To do so, the present paper uses the kernel herding method as a sampling technique to perform Bayesian quadrature and estimate the fatigue damage. It is known from the literature that this method guarantees fast and accurate convergence together with providing relevant properties regarding subsampling and parallelization. Here, one numerically strengthens this fact by applying it to a real use case of an offshore wind turbine operating in Teesside, UK. Numerical comparison with crude and quasi-Monte Carlo sampling demonstrates the benefits one can expect from such a method. Finally, a new Python package has been developed and documented to provide quick open access to this uncertainty propagation method.
INTRODUCTION: Medical-Legal Partnerships: Equity, Evolution, and Evaluation
Authors: Kraschel Katherine L. , Bhandary-Alexander James , Cannon Yael Z. , Girard Vicki W. , Gluck Abbe R. , Huer Jennifer L. , Makhlouf Medha D. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic laid bare systemic inequities shaped by social determinants of health (SDoH). Public health agencies, legislators, health systems, and community organizations took notice, and there is currently unprecedented interest in identifying and implementing programs to address SDoH. This special issue focuses on the role of medical-legal partnerships (MLPs) in addressing SDoH and racial and social inequities, as well as the need to support these efforts with evidence-based research, data, and meaningful partnerships and funding.