bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inflammation Among Women With a History of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Diagnosed Diabetes in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Authors: Kim Catherine , Cheng Yiling J. , Beckles Gloria L. 
Published: June 2008

OBJECTIVE—We compared inflammatory markers among women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (hGDM), women with diagnosed diabetes, and unaffected women in a population-based sample.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—We conducted cross-sectional analyses of 6,346 nonpregnant women in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1988–1994). Women were classified as having hGDM (n = 87), diagnosed diabetes (n = 244), or neither condition (n = 6,015). Inflammatory markers included ferritin, leukocyte count, and C-reactive protein levels.
RESULTS—After adjustment, women with diagnosed diabetes had the most marked differences in inflammatory markers compared with unaffected women. Differences between unaffected women and women with hGDM were minimal.
CONCLUSIONS—Women with diagnosed diabetes have less favorable inflammation profiles than unaffected women and greater ferritin levels than women with hGDM. After adjustment, women with hGDM who have not developed diagnosed diabetes have inflammation profiles similar to those of unaffected women.
Increased Risk of Diabetes and Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Dioxins
Authors: Wang Shu-Li , Tsai Pei-Chien , Yang Chiu-Yueh , Leon Guo Yueliang 
Published: June 2008

OBJECTIVE—Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) are important and persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in humans. Recent cross-sectional studies have detected increased concentrations of serum POPs in diabetic patients. We aimed to examine the association between previous high exposures to PCBs and PCDFs and the cumulative incidence of type 2 diabetes and hypertension.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—During the late 1970s, the consumption of rice-bran oil laced with PCBs poisoned thousands of Taiwanese. Between 1993 and 2003, we examined 1,054 Yucheng (“oil disease”) victims against neighborhood reference subjects using a protocol blinded for POP exposure. Here, we report the results derived from 378 Yucheng subjects and 370 matched references.
RESULTS—The diabetes risk to members of the Yucheng cohort relative to their reference subjects was significantly increased for women (odds ratio [OR] 2.1 [95% CI 1.1–4.5]) but not for men after considering age, BMI, cigarette smoking, and alcohol intake. Yucheng women diagnosed with chloracne had adjusted ORs of 5.5 (95% CI 2.3–13.4) for diabetes and 3.5 (1.7–7.2) for hypertension compared with those who were chloracne free.
CONCLUSIONS—Yucheng women, who had endured previous exposure to PCBs and PCDFs, suffered from increased incidences of diabetes, particularly those who had retained significant levels of pollutant as evident from chloracne. When planning treatments against diabetes, the body burden of PCBs and dioxins should be carefully considered, especially for women.
Sexual Dysfunction in Jordanian Diabetic Women
Authors: Abu Ali Ruba M. , Al Hajeri Rabaa M. , Khader Yousef S. , Shegem Nadima S. , Ajlouni Kamel M. 
Published: June 2008

OBJECTIVE—To estimate the prevalence of female sexual dysfunction (FSD) in diabetic and nondiabetic Jordanian women.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—Data were collected from 1,137 married women using the Arabic translation of the Female Sexual Function Index questionnaire.
RESULTS—Prevalence of sexual dysfunction in diabetic women 50 years of age or older was 59.6 vs. 45.6% in nondiabetic women (P = 0.003). Diabetic women had more dysfunction of desire, arousal, lubrication, and orgasm than nondiabetic women. Glycemic control, smoking, dyslipidemia, hypertension, autonomic neuropathy, and peripheral neuropathy did not have a significant effect on FSD. Age, BMI, duration of diabetes, and the presence of coronary artery disease, nephropathy, and retinopathy had negative effects on FSD.
CONCLUSIONS—Prevalence of FSD among Jordanian women was found to be significantly higher in diabetic compared with nondiabetic women.
Explaining the Decline in Early Mortality in Men and Women With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Charlton Judith , Latinovic Radoslav , Gulliford Martin C. 
Published: June 2008

OBJECTIVE—The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that changing utilization of lipid-lowering, antihypertensive, and oral hypoglycemic drugs may be associated with trends in all-cause mortality in men and women with type 2 diabetes.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—This was a cohort study in 197 general practices in the U.K. General Practice Research Database including 48,579 subjects with type 2 diabetes first diagnosed between 1996 and 2006. Measures included all-cause mortality and prescription of hypoglycemic, lipid-lowering, and antihypertensive drugs.
RESULTS—From 1996 to 2006, incidence of type 2 diabetes increased and the mean age at diagnosis declined in women. Prescription of statins within 12 months of diagnosis increased (1996, women 4.9%, men 5.1%; 2005, women 63.5%, men 71.0%), as did drugs acting on the renin-angiotensin system (1996, women 19.4%, men 21.5%; 2005, women 45.5%, men 54.6%) and metformin (1996, women 19.1%, men 15.8%; 2005, women 45.5%, men 42.8%), whereas prescription of sulfonylureas declined. All-cause mortality in the first 24 months after diabetes diagnosis declined in men from 47.9 per 1,000 person-years for subjects with diabetes diagnosed in 1996 to 25.2 for subjects with diabetes diagnosed in 2006 and in women from 37.4 in 1996 to 27.6 in 2006. In a multiple regression model adjusting for age and comorbidity, prescription of statins before or after diagnosis, renin-angiotensin system drugs before or after diagnosis, and metformin after diagnosis were associated with lower mortality.
CONCLUSIONS—Widespread implementation of more effective prescribing to control lipids, blood glucose, and blood pressure may have contributed to recent declines in early mortality in men and women with type 2 diabetes.
Influence of Maternal Obesity on Insulin Sensitivity and Secretion in Offspring
Authors: Mingrone Geltrude , Manco Melania , Valera Mora Maria Elena , Guidone Caterina , Iaconelli Amerigo , Gniuli Donatella , Leccesi Laura , Chiellini Chiara , Ghirlanda Giovanni 
Published: June 2008

OBJECTIVE—The purpose of this study was to clarify the effects of maternal obesity on insulin sensitivity and secretion in offspring.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—Fifty-one offspring of both sexes of obese (Ob group) and 15 offspring of normal-weight (control group) mothers were studied. Plasma glucose, insulin, and C-peptide were measured during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Insulin sensitivity was calculated using the oral glucose insulin sensitivity index, and insulin secretion and β-cell glucose sensitivity were computed by a mathematical model. Fasting leptin and adiponectin were also measured. Body composition was assessed by dual-X-ray absorptiometry.
RESULTS—No birth weight statistical difference was observed in the two groups. Of the Ob group, 69% were obese and 19% were overweight. The Ob group were more insulin resistant than the control group (398.58 ± 79.32 vs. 513.81 ± 70.70 ml−1 · min−1 · m−2 in women, P &lt; 0.0001; 416.42 ± 76.17 vs. 484.242 ± 45.76 ml−1 · min−1 · m−2 in men, P &lt; 0.05). Insulin secretion after OGTT was higher in Ob group than in control group men (63.94 ± 21.20 vs. 35.71 ± 10.02 nmol · m−2, P &lt; 0.01) but did not differ significantly in women. β-Cell glucose sensitivity was not statistically different between groups. A multivariate analysis of variance showed that maternal obesity and offspring sex concurred together with BMI and β-cell glucose sensitivity to determine the differences in insulin sensitivity and secretion observed in offspring.
CONCLUSIONS—Obese mothers can give birth to normal birth weight babies who later develop obesity and insulin resistance. The maternal genetic/epigenetic transmission shows a clear sexual dimorphism, with male offspring having a higher value of insulin sensitivity (although not statistically significant) associated with significantly higher insulin secretion than female offspring.
The Relationship of Reduced Peripheral Nerve Function and Diabetes With Physical Performance in Older White and Black Adults
Authors: Strotmeyer Elsa S. , de Rekeneire Nathalie , Schwartz Ann V. , Faulkner Kimberly A. , Resnick Helaine E. , Goodpaster Bret H. , Shorr Ronald I. , Vinik Aaron I. , Harris Tamara B. , Newman Anne B. ,   for the Health ABC Study
Published: June 2008

OBJECTIVE—Poor peripheral nerve function is prevalent in diabetes and older populations, and it has great potential to contribute to poor physical performance.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—Cross-sectional analyses were done for the Health, Aging, and Body Composition (Health ABC) Study participants (n = 2,364; 48% men; 38% black; aged 73–82 years). Sensory and motor peripheral nerve function in legs/feet was assessed by 10- and 1.4-g monofilament perception, vibration detection, and peroneal motor nerve conduction amplitude and velocity. The Health ABC lower-extremity performance battery was a supplemented version of the Established Populations for the Epidemiologic Studies of the Elderly battery (chair stands, standing balance, and 6-m walk), adding increased stand duration, single foot stand, and narrow walk.
RESULTS—Diabetic participants had fewer chair stands (0.34 vs. 0.36 stands/s), shorter standing balance time (0.69 vs. 0.75 ratio), slower usual walking speed (1.11 vs. 1.14 m/s), slower narrow walking speed (0.80 vs. 0.90 m/s), and lower performance battery score (6.43 vs. 6.93) (all P &lt; 0.05). Peripheral nerve function was associated with each physical performance measure independently. After addition of peripheral nerve function in fully adjusted models, diabetes remained significantly related to a lower performance battery score and slower narrow walking speed but not to chair stands, standing balance, or usual walking speed.
CONCLUSIONS—Poor peripheral nerve function accounts for a portion of worse physical performance in diabetes and may be directly associated with physical performance in older diabetic and nondiabetic adults. The impact of peripheral nerve function on incident disability should be evaluated in older adults.
Validation of Prediction of Diabetes by the Archimedes Model and Comparison With Other Predicting Models
Authors: Stern Michael , Williams Ken , Eddy David , Kahn Richard 
Published: June 2008

OBJECTIVE—To validate the ability of the Archimedes model to accurately predict the risk of developing diabetes in individuals.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—Subjects were randomly selected from the San Antonio Heart Study population. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (aROC) curve derived from the Archimedes model was calculated and also compared with the aROCs from two published multiple logistic regression models designed to estimate diabetes risk.
RESULTS—The aROC for the Archimedes model was 0.818 (95% CI 0.739–0.899) compared with aROCs of 0.869 (0.801–0.936) and 0.870 (0.802–0.937) for the two logistic regression models, respectively. Risk estimates from the logistic models were highly correlated with the estimates derived from the Archimedes model.
CONCLUSIONS—The Archimedes model predicts individual diabetes risk with a high level of sensitivity and specificity, comparable with that of models designed specifically for that purpose. Unlike the latter models, Archimedes also predicts the risk of numerous other health outcomes.
Reciprocal Association of Plasma IGF-1 and Interleukin-6 Levels With Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Nondiabetic Subjects
Authors: Succurro Elena , Andreozzi Francesco , Sciaqua Angela , Hribal Marta Letizia , Perticone Francesco , Sesti Giorgio 
Published: June 2008

OBJECTIVE—To examine the relationship between plasma IGF-1 and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in Caucasian nondiabetic subjects and evaluate the association of IGF-1 and IL-6 with the cardiometabolic risk factors characterizing metabolic syndrome (MetS).
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—The study group consisted of 186 Caucasian nondiabetic subjects who underwent an oral glucose tolerance test and an euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp. A logistic regression analysis, adjusted for age and sex, was used to determine the association between tertiles of IGF-1 and IL-6 and the MetS and its components.
RESULTS—After adjusting for age and sex, both IGF-1 and IL-6 were correlated with insulin resistance and individual components of MetS, but in opposite directions. In the logistic regression model adjusted for age and sex, higher IL-6 and lower IGF-1 levels confer increased risk of having MetS and its two underlying pathophysiological abnormalities, i.e., visceral obesity and insulin resistance.
CONCLUSIONS—The present results raise the possibility that lowered protection against inflammation, i.e., lower IGF-1 levels, may have a role in the development of MetS and its features, resulting in an imbalance between proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory proteins.
Impaired Chronotropic Response to Exercise Stress Testing in Patients With Diabetes Predicts Future Cardiovascular Events
Authors: Ho P. Michael , Maddox Thomas M. , Ross Colleen , Rumsfeld John S. , Magid David J. 
Published: June 2008

OBJECTIVES— To assess the association between impaired chronotropic response (CR) and adverse events among patients with diabetes referred for exercise treadmill testing (ETT).
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS— Impaired CR was defined as achievement of &lt;80% of a patient's heart rate reserve. We used multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression to assess the independent association between impaired CR and adverse outcomes adjusting for demographics, comorbidities, and treadmill variables including the Duke Treadmill score.
RESULTS— Of 1,341 patients with diabetes, 35.7% (n = 479) demonstrated impaired CR during ETT. Patients with impaired CR were at increased risk of all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction, or coronary revascularization procedures. In multivariable analyses, impaired CR remained significantly associated with adverse outcomes (hazard ratio 1.53 [95% CI 1.10–2.14]).
CONCLUSIONS— Among patients with diabetes, impaired CR is common during ETT and is associated with adverse outcomes. Impaired CR can be used as another noninvasive tool to risk-stratify patients with diabetes following ETT.
Novel pH responsive luminescent poly(oxyethylene phosphate) tris(β-diketonate) europium (III) complexes
Authors: Stanimirov Stanislav , Petkov Ivan 
Published: June 2008

Abstract
The paper reports on the dependence of the absorbance and luminescent intensity from pH of novel poly(oxyethylene phosphate) tris(β-diketonate) europium (III) complexes. The photophysical data obtained allow some preliminary assumptions about the nature of this phenomenon. Increase in luminescent efficiency is a consequence of enhanced efficiency of energy transfer caused by structural changes in complexes after water deprotonation. Remarkable change has been observed in photophysical properties of the polymer complexes by studying the fluorescent emission and excitation spectra and absorption recorded at various pH both in solution and in the solid state. Some of the complexes derivative of the dibenzoylmethane (DBM) show more than hundred times increase in the luminescence after alkalization. The pH value, at which the maximum luminescent efficiency appears, depends on the type of the fourth ligand. The difference between luminescent efficiency of the complexes in alkaline and neutral environment depends on the β-diketonate ligands and on polymer type as well.
The dissociated properties of dislocation in two-dimensional triangular lattice
Authors: Xiaozhi Wu , Shaofeng Wang , Huili Zhang 
Published: June 2008

Abstract
The dissociated core structure of dislocation in two-dimensional triangular lattice is determined by the variational method within lattice theory. The dissociation effect leads to a narrower core width of partial dislocations than the compact one. The equilibrium separation between two partial dislocations is not very sensitive to the intrinsic stacking fault energy and there exists deviation from the intrinsic stacking fault energy criterion in the continuous elastic theory of dislocation. The relationship between the equilibrium separation and intrinsic stacking fault energy is analogous in lattice theory and the Peierls-Nabarro model. But the equilibrium separation obtained in lattice theory is wider than that obtained in the Peierls-Nabarro model for the same intrinsic stacking fault energy.
Networked Gold‐Nanoparticle Coatings on Polyethylene: Charge Transport and Strain Sensitivity
Authors: Vossmeyer Tobias , Stolte Carsten , Ijeh Michael , Kornowski Andreas , Weller Horst 
Published: June 2008

AbstractNetworked films, comprising gold nanoparticles (ca. 4 nm core diameter) and 1,9‐nonanedithiol, are deposited onto oxidized low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) substrates via layer‐by‐layer self‐assembly. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy images reveal a compact coating with a granular, nanoscale morphology. Conductance measurements at variable temperature are consistent with an Arrhenius‐type activation of charge transport (activation energy: 52 meV). The excellent mechanical robustness of the coatings allows for studying their potential application as strain gauges. Expanding the films by up to 3% is accompanied by a reversible and approximately linear increase in resistance of up to approximately 50% (gauge factor ca. 17). Analyzing the results with an activated tunneling model suggests that the average increase in interparticle distances is significantly smaller than the geometric expansion at the substrate surface.
Cobalt‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Reaction between Functionalized Primary and Secondary Alkyl Halides and Aliphatic Grignard Reagents
Authors: Cahiez Gérard , Chaboche Christophe , Duplais Christophe , Giulliani Arianna , Moyeux Alban 
Published: June 2008

AbstractThe coupling of primary and secondary unactivated alkyl bromides with alkyl‐Grignard reagents was performed in good yields under mild conditions by using a new catalytic system: consisting of cobalt chloride and tetramethylethylenediamine (CoCl2⋅2 LiI, 4 TMEDA). The reaction is very chemoselective since ketone, ester and nitrile functions are tolerated.
Phase behavior and kinetics of polystyrene degradation in supercritical toluene
Authors: Jie H. , Ke H. , Lihua T. , Jiachun W. , Zibin Z. , Weiyong Y. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractThe phase behavior of polystyrene (PS) degradation in toluene was investigated in a visual high‐pressure reactor. The system of PS and toluene was heated from room temperature and atmospheric pressure to 350°C and 5.0 MPa. It was observed that during this process, PS dissolved quickly, and then, the system appeared to be a homogeneous phase, and PS degradation occurred in this system. With another high‐pressure batch reactor, PS degradation was studied in the temperature range 275–360°C and the pressure ranges 4.5–10.5 MPa. The drop‐in molecular weights in the temperature ranges and the amount of PS converted into volatile products were observed. Moreover, the effects of the temperature, pressure, and ratio of toluene to PS on the rate of PS degradation are discussed. The kinetic studies showed that the rate of PS degradation in supercritical toluene increased substantially because the degradation occurred in a homogeneous phase. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Preparation and applicability of functionalized polyethylene with an ethylene/1,7‐octadiene copolymer
Authors: Park Eun‐Soo 
Published: June 2008

AbstractThe copolymerization of ethylene and 1,7‐octadiene was carried out to synthesize polyethylene with unreacted vinyl groups. The prepared copolymer [poly (ethylene‐co‐1,7‐octadiene) (PEOD)] was epoxidized with peracetic acid, m‐chloroperbenzoic acid, or formic acid/H2O2. Of these, peracetic acid gave the best results. Epoxidized PEOD was subjected to a reaction with 2‐mercaptobenzimidazole and poly(L‐lactic acid). The bromination of PEOD was also performed in the presence of a Br2/HBr solution at room temperature. The brominated poly(ethylene‐co‐1,7‐octadiene) (PEOD‐Br) was used as a macroinitiator for atom transfer radical polymerization. The polymerization of styrene, butyl methacrylate, and glycidyl methacrylate was performed in bulk or solution at 120°C with a PEOD‐Br/CuBr/2,2′‐dipyridyl initiator system. The thermal properties of the graft copolymers and the efficiency of the graft polymerization were investigated. These graft copolymers have potential applications as interfacial modifiers. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
An optimal investment and consumption model with stochastic returns
Authors: Wang Xikui , Yi Yanqing 
Published: June 2008

AbstractWe consider a financial market consisting of a risky asset and a riskless one, with a constant or random investment horizon. The interest rate from the riskless asset is constant, but the relative return rate from the risky asset is stochastic with an unknown parameter in its distribution. Following the Bayesian approach, the optimal investment and consumption problem is formulated as a Markov decision process. We incorporate the concept of risk aversion into the model and characterize the optimal strategies for both the power and logarithmic utility functions with a constant relative risk aversion (CRRA). Numerical examples are provided that support the intuition that a higher proportion of investment should be allocated to the risky asset if the mean return rate on the risky asset is higher or the risky asset return rate is less volatile. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dem Himmel entgegen – Klimadesign für den Federation Tower Moskau
Authors: Reiser Claudius 
Published: June 2008

AbstractIn der Entwicklung des Klimakonzeptes der Turmkappe Ost des Federation Towers in Moskau wurden modernste Simulationswerkzeuge eingesetzt. Die vollständig gläserne Turmkappe in 365 m Höhe soll Raum für einen der schönsten und exklusivsten Bereiche des Hotels geben. Diverse Restaurants, Bars und Lounges sowie ein Sky Dance Club sollen einmal zum Verweilen und zur nächtlichen Vergnügung einladen und dabei stets einen traumhaften Blick über die gesamte Stadt ermöglichen. Mit Hilfe der Simulation wurde für die Turmkappe ein Klimakonzept entwickelt und überprüft, das die thermische Behaglichkeit unter Berücksichtigung von Architektur, Klima und Nutzung gewährleistet. Dazu wurde die Architektur inklusive der Klimatechnik in einem 3D‐Modell abgebildet und für den Sommer‐ und Winterfall berechnet. Der vorliegende Beitrag vollzieht den Planungsablauf von der Lastberechnung bis hin zur Erstellung und Bewertung des Klimakonzeptes in der Simulation.
Bauordnungsrechtliche Anforderungen an die Nutzung sakraler Bauten über die ursprüngliche Zweckbestimmung hinaus – Betrachtungen am Beispiel der Cottbuser Oberkirche
Authors: Meyer Simone 
Published: June 2008

AbstractIn den zurückliegenden zwei Jahren wurde die Cottbuser Pseudobasilika Sankt Nikolai modernisiert; dabei waren die Anforderungen zum Brandschutz zu werten und denkmalverträglich einer Lösung zu zuführen. Umgesetzt wurden die Belange des Personenschutzes. Nutzungsspektren außerhalb des Gottesdienstes, wie die touristische Besteigung des Westturms, haben bis dahin unterschätzte Sachverhalte zur Klärung aufgezwungen. Der Artikel soll zum Nachdenken anregen, welche Anforderungspalette sich auftut, wenn sakrale Bauten anderen Nutzungsspektren geöffnet werden.