bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sulfamic acid: An efficient and green catalyst for synthesis of 1,5‐benzodiazepines under solvent‐free conditions
Authors: Xia Min , Lu Yue‐dong 
Published: May 2007

AbstractIt is described that sulfamic acid can be utilized as an effective and green catalyst for the synthesis of 1,5‐benzodiazepines in high yields from the solvent‐free condensation of o‐phenylenediamine (1) and ketones (2). © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 18:354–358, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20305
Synthesis, structures, and biological activities of new 1H‐1,2,4‐triazole derivatives containing pyridine unit
Authors: Liu Jian‐Bing , Tao Wei‐Feng , Dai Hong , Jin Zhong , Fang Jian‐Xin 
Published: May 2007

AbstractFourteen new 1H‐1,2,4‐triazole derivatives containing pyridine moiety were synthesized by condensation of 1‐(pyridine‐3‐yl)‐2‐(1H‐1,2,4‐triazol‐1‐yl)ethanone with aryl aldehydes, and their reaction conditions were studied. The title compounds were screened for their antibacterial and plant growth regulatory activities. The screening data revealed that most of the compounds showed some antifungal and plant growth regulatory activities. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 18:376–380, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20308
Synthesis and anti‐HIV activity of substituted 1,2,4‐triazolo‐thiophene derivatives
Authors: Al‐Soud Yaseen A. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractA new series of substituted 1,2,4‐triazoles bearing thiophene molecules 8 and 10 has been synthesized from cycloaddition of thiophene 3‐and 2‐carbonitriles 5 and 9, respectively, with the reactive cumulene intermediates 4. The newly synthesized products have been evaluated for their anti‐HIV activity. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 18:443–448, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20319
Tiagabine for social anxiety disorder
Authors: Dunlop Boadie W. , Papp Laszlo , Garlow Steven J. , Weiss Paul S. , Knight Bettina T. , Ninan Philip T. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractTiagabine, a selective gamma‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) reuptake inhibitor was evaluated for the treatment of patients with social anxiety disorder (SAD). Adults with SAD received open‐label tiagabine 4–16 mg per day for 12 weeks. Intent‐to‐treat data are available for 54 patients with improvement demonstrated in Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale, Clinician Global Impression‐Severity (CGI‐S) and ‐Improvement (CGI‐I), Social Phobia Inventory, and Sheehan Disability Scale scores. In all, 40.7% (22/54) of the intent to treat sample and 63.0% (17/27) of the completer sample were considered CGI responders (CGI‐I score of one or two). Tiagabine was generally well tolerated. Results of this pilot study suggest that tiagabine may be an option for the treatment of patients with SAD. Larger, controlled studies are required to fully elucidate the potential of tiagabine for the treatment of SAD. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of ion exchange on hardness and fracture toughness of dental porcelains
Authors: Cesar Paulo Francisco , Gonzaga Carla Castiglia , Miranda Walter Gomes , Yoshimura Humberto Naoyuki 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of ion exchange, IE, on fracture toughness KIc and hardness H of five dental porcelains with different microstructures: B, Ceramco II/Dentstply; C, Finesse/Dentsply; Cb, Cerabien/Noritake; D, d.Sign/Ivoclar; V, Vitadur Alpha/Vita. Specimens were sintered according to manufacturers' instructions, n = 10. Vickers indentations were made on specimens' surfaces before and after IE to calculate H and KIc. IE treatment consisted in coating the surface of the specimen with slurry of KNO3 and distilled water, with subsequent drying for 20 min at 150°C and heating for 30 min at 450°C. Microstructural analysis was also performed. The measured leucite contents were 22, 15, 6, 0, and 0% for porcelains B, D, C, Cb, and V, respectively. Porcelains C, Cb, D, and V showed a significant increase in hardness after IE. Hardness of porcelain B was not affected by IE. Materials with lower leucite content tended to present higher increases in hardness after ion exchange. Ion exchange significantly increased KIc between 64 and 156% of 4 out of 5 porcelains studied. Porcelain B was the only one to present a decrease in fracture toughness after ion exchange. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2007
P53 mediated regulation of metallothionein transcription in breast cancer cells
Authors: Ostrakhovitch Elena A. , Olsson Per‐Erik , von Hofsten Jonas , Cherian M. George 
Published: May 2007

AbstractRecent studies have shown that only breast cancer epithelial cells with intact p53 can induce metallothionein (MT) synthesis after exposure to metals. In this study, the potential role of p53 on regulation of MT was investigated. Results demonstrate that zinc and copper increased metal response elements (MREs) activity and MTF‐1 expression in p53 positive MN1 and parental MCF7 cells. However, inactivation of p53 by treatment with pifithrin‐α or the presence of inactive p53 inhibited MRE‐dependent reporter gene expression in response to metals. MTF‐1 levels remained unchanged after treatment with zinc in cells with nonfunctional p53. The introduction of wild‐type p53 in MDD2 cells, containing nonfunctional p53, enhanced the ability of zinc to increase MRE‐dependent reporter gene expression. The cellular level of p21Cip1/WAF1 was increased in MDD2 cells after p53 transfection, confirming the presence of active p53. The treatment of MN1 and parental MCF7 with trichostatin A led to a sixfold increase in the MRE activity in response to zinc. On the contrary, MRE activity remained unaltered in MDD2 cells with inactive p53. The above results demonstrate that activation of p53 is an important factor in metal regulation of MT. J. Cell. Biochem. 102: 1571–1583, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
New invariant of DNA sequence based on 3DD‐curves and its application on phylogeny
Authors: Zhang Xizhen , Luo Jiawei , Yang Li 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe Z_inv, a new invariant based on 3DD‐curves of DNA sequence, which is simple for calculation and it approximates to the leading eigenvalues of the matrix associated with DNA sequence. The utility of our invariant is illustrated on the DNA sequence of 11 species. In this study, we use the Z_inv to analyze the phylogenetic relationships for the seven HA (H5N1) sequences of avian influenza virus. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 2007
Calcium/calmodulin‐dependent kinase activity is required for efficient induction of osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption by receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL)
Authors: Ang Estabelle S.M. , Zhang Ping , Steer James H. , Tan Jamie W.‐Y. , Yip Kirk , Zheng Ming H. , Joyce David A. , Xu Jiake 
Published: May 2007

AbstractCalcium/calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase (CaMK) is a major down stream mediator of Ca2+ signaling in a wide range of cellular functions, including ion channel and cell cycle regulation and neurotransmitter synthesis and release. Here we have investigated the role of the CaMK signaling pathway in osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption. We observed that the CaMKI, CaMKII γ isoforms were present in both bone‐marrow derived macrophages and RAW264.7 murine macrophage cell line, and that expression persisted during osteoclast differentiation in the presence of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB) ligand (RANKL). RANKL‐induced differentiation was accompanied by increased cyclic AMP response element transcriptional activity, and ERK phosphorylation, which are both downstream targets of CaMK. Two selective inhibitors of CaMKs, KN‐93 and KN‐62, inhibited osteoclastogenesis in a time and concentration‐dependent manner. This was accompanied by suppression of cathepsin K expression and osteoclastic bone resorption, which are markers for differentiated osteoclast function. KN‐93 and KN‐62 both inhibited RANKL‐induced ERK phosphorylation and CREB transcriptional activity. These findings imply a role for CaMK in osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption. J. Cell. Physiol. 212:787–795, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Calcium oscillations induced by ATP in human umbilical cord smooth muscle cells
Authors: Meng Fei , To Wilson , Kirkman‐Brown Jackson , Kumar Prem , Gu Yuchun 
Published: May 2007

AbstractArterial smooth muscle cells exhibit vasomotion, related to oscillations in intracellular Ca2+ concentration, but the origin and function of these has not yet been fully determined. We measured intracellular Ca2+ using conventional fluorescent methods in primary cultured, human umbilical cord artery smooth muscle cells (HUCASMC). Spontaneous oscillations in Ca2+ was found in only 1% of all cells but exogenous, micromolar concentrations of ATP could induce Ca2+ oscillations in 70% of cells with the most common pattern being one of regular amplitude and frequency with a return to basal levels between each peak. The P2Y agonist, UTP, but not the P2X agonist αβ‐methylene ATP, could also induce Ca2+ oscillations. Once induced, these oscillations could not be blocked by G‐protein, PLC, VGCC or TRP channel antagonists applied individually, but could be prevented when antagonists were applied together. In the presence of EGTA, micromolar concentrations of ATP induced an elevation in intracellular Ca2+ but did not induce Ca2+ oscillations. The oscillation frequency induced by ATP was affected by bath Ca2+ concentration. Taken together, these data suggest that external Ca2+ entry maintains the Ca2+ oscillation induced by activation of P2Y receptors. Once induced, multiple mechanisms are involved to maintain the oscillation and the oscillation frequency is determined by the speed of Ca2+ refilling. Chronic hypoxia enhanced the Ca2+ response and altered the oscillation frequency. We suggest that these oscillations may play a role in the maintenance of umbilical blood flow during situations in which GPCR are activated. J. Cell. Physiol. 213: 79–87, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Suppression of islet allogeneic immune response by indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase‐expressing fibroblasts
Authors: Jalili Reza B. , Rayat Gina R. , Rajotte Ray V. , Ghahary Aziz 
Published: May 2007

AbstractSuccess of transplantation of pancreatic islets which is a promising way for restoring efficient insulin regulation in type 1 diabetes depends on lifelong use of immunosuppressive drugs. To eliminate the use of systemic immunosuppressive drugs for islet transplantation, we examined the potential use of a local immunosuppressive factor, indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase (IDO). Thus, the aim of this study was to determine whether local expression of IDO in bystander syngeneic fibroblasts could prevent islet allogeneic immune response in vitro. C57BL/6 (B6) mouse fibroblasts were induced to express IDO by either IFN‐γ treatment or transduction with an adenoviral vector and were co‐cultured with B6 mouse lymphocytes and BALB/c mouse pancreatic islets in the presence or absence of an IDO inhibitor. Proliferation of lymphocytes were then assessed using [3H]‐thymidine incorporation assay. IDO‐expression by co‐cultured syngeneic fibroblasts resulted in a five‐fold decrease in lymphocyte proliferation rate upon stimulation of lymphocytes by allogeneic mouse pancreatic islets (21.9% ± 5.3 and 22.1% ± 4.9 in the preparations with IFN‐γ treated and genetically modified IDO‐expressing fibroblasts, respectively vs. 100% in control groups, P < 0.01). Allogeneic response was restored when IDO inhibitor was added to the culture indicating that suppression was due to IDO. In conclusion, this study shows that local expression of IDO by syngeneic bystander fibroblasts can suppress in vitro proliferation of lymphocytes in response to stimulation with allogeneic pancreatic islets. This local immunosuppressive function of IDO may be employed for development of a novel alternative strategy for preventing allogeneic islet graft rejection. J. Cell. Physiol. 213: 137–143, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Changes in chromosome positioning may contribute to the development of diseases related to X‐chromosome aneuploidy
Authors: Petrova Natalia V , Yakutenko Irina I. , Alexeevski Andrei V. , Verbovoy Valentin A. , Razin Sergey V. , Iarovaia Olga V. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe radial positions of the centromeric regions of chromosomes 1 and X were determined in normal male fibroblasts (XY) and in fibroblasts from a patient with a rare case of XXXXY polysomy. The centromeric regions and presumably the whole territories of active X chromosomes were demonstrated to occupy similar, although not identical, positions in XY and XXXXY cells. The centromeres of inactive X chromosomes (Barr bodies) were located closer to the nuclear periphery as compared with the centromeres of active X chromosomes. In addition, it was established that the nuclear radial position of gene‐rich chromosome 1 was changed in XXXXY cells as compared to normal XY cells. The data are discussed in the context of the hypothesis postulating that changes in nuclear positioning of chromosomal territories induced by the presence of extra copies of individual chromosomes may contribute to the development of diseases related to different polysomies. J. Cell. Physiol. 213: 278–283, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Solid pseudopapillary neoplasms of the pancreas: An updated experience
Authors: Goh Brian K.P. , Tan Yu‐Meng , Cheow Peng‐Chung , Alexander Chung Yaw‐Fui , Chow Pierce K.H. , Wong Wai‐Keong , Ooi London L.P.J. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractIntroductionThe aim of this study is to report an update of the surgical experience at a single institution with these unusual tumors.MethodsSixteen consecutive patients who underwent surgery for a pathologically confirmed solid pseudopapillary neoplasm (SPPN) were retrospectively reviewed.ResultsFifteen of the patients were female and the median age at diagnosis was 30 years (range, 14–53 years). Abdominal and back pain were the most common presenting symptoms. The tumors appeared on cross‐sectional imaging as solid and cystic (n = 14) or cystic (n = 2) masses. The median tumor size was 9.5 cm (range, 5.0–24.0 cm). All 16 patients had curative resections including 3 pancreaticoduodenectomies and 13 distal pancreatectomies. Three patients required extended resections including pancreaticoduodenectomy with portal vein resection, distal pancreatectomy with tranverse colectomy, and distal pancreactomy with omentectomy. Two of the resections were R1 whereas 14 were R0. All patients were alive and disease‐free at a median follow‐up of 43 months (range, 3–186 months).ConclusionSPPNs should be considered in young women presenting with a large solid‐cystic pancreatic mass. Aggressive en bloc resection should always be attempted including resection of concomitant metastases as patients demonstrate excellent long‐term survival even in the presence of distant spread. J. Surg. Oncol. 2007;95:640–644. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The Fractal Character of Localizable Measure‐Valued Processes, II. Localizable Processes and Backward Trees
Authors: Zähle U. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractRegard a large population of infinitesimal particles (i.e. a measure) in the case, when the particles evolve (i.e. move, branch, die) independently of each other. Those evolutions we will call localizable. In the present part of this paper we answer at first the question about the structure of localizable evolutions, which take place in one step (independent clustering of measures). In localizable evolutions one can follow the path of any particle (and their predecessors) surviving up to some fixed time. The totality of these paths is the backward tere corresponding to this time point. In the case of continuous time localizable Markov evolutions the random backward tree measure is constructed via finite‐dimensional distributions using the extension theorem from part I.
On the McKean‐Vlasov Limit for Interacting Diffusions
Authors: Gärtner Jürgen 
Published: May 2007

AbstractFor a system of diffusions in a domain of Rd with long‐range weak interaction the behavior of the associated empirical process is studied. Under mild growth and smoothness assumptions on the drift and diffusion coefficients such as coercivity and monotonicity conditions the law of large numbers and the propagation of chaos are proved. Existence and uniqueness of the weak solution to the McKean ‐ Vlasov equation and the associated non‐linear martingale problem are investigated.
On Continuity and Decomposition of Positive Definite Functions
Authors: Sasvári Zoltán 
Published: May 2007

AbstractLet G be a locally compact commutative group and let g and h be positive definite functions on G, which are not identically zero. We show that continuity of gh̄ implies the existence of a character γ of Gd (the discrete version of G) such that γg and γh are continuous. As corollary we get a special case of a result of K. de Leeuw and I. Glicksberg concerning almost continuous group representations. In the second part of the paper we prove decomposition theorems for positive definite functions defined on a neighbourhood of the zero.
Oscillation Theorems for Second Order Nonlinear Differential Equations with Damping
Authors: Grace S. R. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractIn this paper, we present some new criteria for the oscillation of the differential equation with damping where p(t) and q(t) are allowed to change signs on [t0 ∞]. These criteria are obtained by using an integral averaging technique and can be applied in some special cases in which other classical oscillation results are not applicable.
On the Vector‐Valued Hilbert Transform
Authors: Defant Martin 
Published: May 2007

AbstractLet H : Lp (R) → Lp(R), 1 < p < ∞ be the real HILBERT transform. A bounded, linear operator u:E → F (E, F BANACH spaces) is a HT‐operator, if the mapping u ⊗ H : E ⊗ L2(R, E) → L2(R, F) has a bounded, linear extension to L2(R) → L2(R, F). For E = F and u = idE BOURGAIN [3] and BURKHOLDER [5] have shown that this holds if and only if E ϵ UMD. We study these HT‐operators and, in particular, we construct a HT‐operator which is not UMD‐factorable. Furthermore, we show that a UMD‐space E is a HILBERT space if and only if |idE ⊗ H| = 1.
CASTELNUOVO‐Regularität und HILBERTreihen
Authors: Nagel Uwe 
Published: May 2007

AbstractLet A be an equidimensional locally Cohen‐Macaulay graded k‐algebra. Following [16] we have upper bounds for Castelnuovo's regularity of A (see [16], main theorem und theorem 1.). The aim of this paper is to characterize the equalities of these bounds and Castelnuovo's regularity by using the theory of Hilbert series. For this reason the inequalities of [16] are new proved by applying our methods. Moreover, we improve and extend main results and investigations of [11], [7], [18], [14], [16].For monomial ideals the conjecture of D. BAYER and M. STILLMAN [4] is proved.
L‐Fuzzy Contiguity Relations and L‐Fuzzy Closure Operators in the Case of Completely Distributive, Complete Lattices L
Authors: Flüshöh Wolfgang , Höhle Ulrich 
Published: May 2007

AbstractIn the case of completely distributive, complete lattices L the relations between L‐fuzzy contiguity relations and L‐fuzzy closure operators are investigated. In addition, if L is the real unit interval, L‐fuzzy contiguity relations are represented by means of VD‐contiguity relations, PT spaces and random VD‐contiguity relations respectively.
The Commutant of the Laplace Operator in Lp(R)
Authors: Ricker Werner J. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractLet L = ‐ d2/dx2 be the Laplace operator in Lp(R), 1<p < ∞. It is shown that a bounded operator T in Lp(R) commutes with L, in the sense that the domain D of L is T‐invariant and TLf = LTf for each f in D, if and only if T commutes with all (bounded) multiplier operators corresponding to symmetric p‐multipliers on R. The bicommutant L consists of all the symmetric p‐multiplier operators.
A Locally Convex Extremal Problem over Some Family of Complex Functions
Authors: Baranowicz Józef , Studniarski Marcin 
Published: May 2007

AbstractWe shall be concerned in this paper with mathematical programming problem of the form: Φ0(f) → min subject to Φi(f) ≦ 0, i = 1, 2, …, r; f where Φi(f), i = 0, 1, …, r are regularly locally convex functions is a family of complex functions that possesses an integral representation. For this problem a necessary condition for a local minimum is given.
Special Additive and Multiplicative Commutator Representations for Diagonal Operators
Authors: Scholz E. , Timmermann W. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractLet 𝒟 be a dense linear subspace of a separable Hilbert space and let ℒ︁+(𝒟) be the maximal Op*‐Algebra on 𝒟. The paper deals with a class of diagonal operators of ℒ︁+(𝒟), for which we can prove some results concerning special commutator representations. For this end ideas of [1] are generalized.
Factorization and Extrapolation of Pairs of Weights in Two Different Measure Spaces
Authors: Ruiz Francisco J. , Torrea José L. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe technique introduced by RUBIO DE FRANCIA ([13], [14]) in order to obtain factorization and extrapolation results for Ap weights is used here in a more general setting in which can appear two different measure spaces and two different operators.
On the Structure of Entrance Laws in Discrete Spatial Critical Branching Processes
Authors: Wakolbinger Anton 
Published: May 2007

AbstractMARKOVian branching population‐valued stochastic processes in discrete time are considered, in which the individuals live on a discrete space of sites and an individual at site x produces, independently of the others, in the next generation a random offspring whose distribution depends on x, whose mean total number is assumed to be one and whose mean number at site y is denoted by J(x, [y]). It is proved that, provided the MARKOV chain associated with the transition matrix J is null‐recurrent, exactly those among the entrance laws for the population‐valued process are extremal and have a finite mean number of individuals at any site and time, which are „of POISSON type”︁, i.e. arise in a natural way from a POISSONian remote past. This generalizes a result of LIGGETT/PORT [3] on the pure motion case to the case of branching, and also comments on a remark of DYNKIN ([1], p. 110).
On the Intersection Density of Flat Processes
Authors: Mecke J. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractStationary POISSON r‐flat processes in the d‐dimensional Euclidean space (d/2 ≦ r ≦ d − 1) induce a process of (2r − d)‐flats each of which is the intersection of two r‐flats of the original processes. The intensity of the induced (2r − d)‐flat process is called intersection density of the original POISSON r‐flat process. The problem of maximizing the intersection density for given intensity is considered. A new approach to earlier results of THOMAS and the author is presented.
Nonvertical Affine Manifolds and Separation Theorems in Product Spaces
Authors: Thierfelder Jörg 
Published: May 2007

AbstractIn the paper we introduce a general separation concept for sets in product spaces X × Z, where Z is partially ordered. Using some results about nonvertical affine manifolds we formulate some concerte separation theorems. Especially, we get assertions about the separation of sets by affine mappings, in which the order relation “≦” is replaced by the relation „⦔”︁. Thus, these assertions are suitable to characterize PARETO optimal solutions of vector optimization problems.