bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficient bead-on-plate weld model for parameter estimation towards effective wire arc additive manufacturing simulation
Authors: Strobl Dominic , Unger Jörg F. , Ghnatios Chady , Klawonn Alexander , Pittner Andreas , Rethmeier Michael , Robens-Radermacher Annika 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDespite the advances in hardware and software techniques, standard numerical methods fail in providing real-time simulations, especially for complex processes such as additive manufacturing applications. A real-time simulation enables process control through the combination of process monitoring and automated feedback, which increases the flexibility and quality of a process. Typically, before producing a whole additive manufacturing structure, a simplified experiment in the form of a bead-on-plate experiment is performed to get a first insight into the process and to set parameters suitably. In this work, a reduced order model for the transient thermal problem of the bead-on-plate weld simulation is developed, allowing an efficient model calibration and control of the process. The proposed approach applies the proper generalized decomposition (PGD) method, a popular model order reduction technique, to decrease the computational effort of each model evaluation required multiple times in parameter estimation, control, and optimization. The welding torch is modeled by a moving heat source, which leads to difficulties separating space and time, a key ingredient in PGD simulations. A novel approach for separating space and time is applied and extended to 3D problems allowing the derivation of an efficient separated representation of the temperature. The results are verified against a standard finite element model showing excellent agreement. The reduced order model is also leveraged in a Bayesian model parameter estimation setup, speeding up calibrations and ultimately leading to an optimized real-time simulation approach for welding experiment using synthetic as well as real measurement data.
The Assessment and Treatment of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder in Autistic People: A Systematic Review
Authors: Quinton Alice M. G. , Ali Dorota , Danese Andrea , Happé Francesca , Rumball Freya 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAdverse life events and mental health conditions are unfortunately common amongst autistic adults and children; this may present a vulnerability to developing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This systematic review provides an update of Rumball’s (Review Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 6, 294–324, 2019) systematic review of PTSD in autistic individuals and identifies 18 new studies published from 2017 to 2022, reflecting increased research interest in PTSD in autistic populations. Included literature suggests that autistic adults and children experience more severe PTSD symptoms compared to their non-autistic peers, with at least comparable rates of occurrence. We provide a comprehensive overview of this emerging field and identify the need for future research to validate PTSD symptom assessment tools and treatment strategies and investigate unique manifestations of trauma-related symptoms in autistic individuals.
A Modern Collaborative Behavior Analytic Approach to Incidental Naming
Authors: Gilmore Amanda , Barnes-Holmes Dermot , Sivaraman Maithri 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAn important distinction has been drawn within the behavior-analytic literature between two types of naming. Naming that is reinforced is referred to as bidirectional naming, and naming that is not reinforced is referred to as incidental bidirectional naming. According to verbal behavior development theory children who demonstrate incidental naming have developed a verbal behavioral cusp, and often learn new language more rapidly as a result. A growing body of research has assessed incidental naming using what is described as an incidental naming experience, in which novel stimuli are presented and named by a researcher but with no direct differential reinforcement for subsequent naming responses by the participant. According to relational frame theory, such studies on incidental naming have typically involved presenting contextual cues that likely serve to establish the name relations between an object and its name. As such, contextual cues may play a critical role in the emergence of incidental naming responses, but there are no published studies that have systematically tested the potential role of contextual cues in relation to incidental naming. The current article provides a narrative review of the incidental naming literature, highlighting variables that remain to be explored in future research.
La Sindrome Insulinica Autoimmune (Sindrome di Hirata): dalla clinica al trattamento
Authors: Verrienti Martina , Daniele Andrea , Lupo Sabrina , Franceschetti Paola , Zatelli Maria Chiara , Ambrosio Maria Rosaria 
Published: February 2024

SommarioLa Sindrome di Hirata è una forma rara di ipoglicemia iperinsulinemica endogena, caratterizzata da elevati livelli di autoanticorpi anti-insulina. La patogenesi prevede una combinazione tra predisposizione genetica ed elementi trigger (farmaci, virus); alcune forme sono idiopatiche. Non sono disponibili indicazioni terapeutiche codificate a causa della rarità della condizione. La dieta ultra-frazionata a basso contenuto di carboidrati, l’uso di immunosoppressori e la plasmaferesi possono essere considerati per favorire il controllo dei sintomi.
On the structure of the infinitesimal generators of scalar one-dimensional semigroups with discrete Lyapunov functionals
Authors: Fusco Giorgio , Rocha Carlos 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDynamical systems generated by scalar reaction-diffusion equations on an interval enjoy special properties that lead to a very simple structure for the semiflow. Among these properties, the monotone behavior of the number of zeros of the solutions plays an essential role. This discrete Lyapunov functional contains important information on the spectral behavior of the linearization and leads to a Morse-Smale description of the dynamical system. Other systems, like the linear scalar delay differential equations under monotone feedback conditions, possess similar kinds of discrete Lyapunov functions. Here we discuss and characterize classes of linear equations that generate semiflows acting on $$C^0[0,1]$$

C
0

[
0
,
1
]

or on $$C^1[0,1]$$

C
1

[
0
,
1
]

which admit discrete Lyapunov functions related to the zero number. We show that, if the space is $$C^1[0,1]$$

C
1

[
0
,
1
]

, the corresponding equations are essentially parabolic partial differential equations. In contrast, if the space is $$C^0[0,1]$$

C
0

[
0
,
1
]

, the corresponding equations are generalizations of monotone feedback delay differential equations.
Externally Provided Rewards Increase Internal Preference, but Not as Much as Preferred Ones Without Extrinsic Rewards
Authors: Zhu Jianhong , Katahira Kentaro , Hirakawa Makoto , Nakao Takashi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIt is well known that preferences are formed through choices, known as choice-induced preference change (CIPC). However, whether value learned through externally provided rewards influences the preferences formed through CIPC remains unclear. To address this issue, we used tasks for decision-making guided by reward provided by the external environment (externally guided decision-making; EDM) and for decision-making guided by one’s internal preference (internally guided decision-making; IDM). In the IDM task, we presented stimuli with learned value in the EDM and novel stimuli to examine whether the value in the EDM affects preferences. Stimuli reinforced by rewards given in the EDM were reflected in the IDM’s initial preference and further increased through CIPC in the IDM. However, such stimuli were not as strongly preferred as the most preferred novel stimulus in the IDM (superiority of intrinsically learned values; SIV), suggesting that the values learned by the EDM and IDM differ. The underlying process of this phenomenon is discussed in terms of the fundamental self-hypothesis.
Risk in Ultimate Pit Selection
Authors: Holloway Edward 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe basis for the selection of the ultimate pit for an open pit mining operation is generally opaque. Some form of value-based analysis will generally guide the final decision; however, the value will often gradually plateau whilst the ultimate pit size continues to increase. There is no established framework to guide specialists in the selection of the ultimate pit, with such decisions regularly made on a somewhat arbitrary basis. The key component that is missing from the analyses typically used to select the size of the ultimate pit is risk. Once risk is quantified within the analysis framework, the decision-making range is significantly reduced, and the process for selecting the ultimate pit becomes more consistent, replicable, and defensible. This paper provides an approach to including risk in the process used to select the ultimate pit.
The Human Digi-real Duality
Authors: Saggio Giovanni 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCurrent technologies allow acquiring whatever amount of data (even big data), from whatever system (object, component, mechanism, network, implant, machinery, structure, asset, etc.), during whatever time lapse (secs, hours, weeks, years). Therefore, potentially it is possible to fully characterize any system for any time we need, with the possible consequence of creating a virtual copy, namely the digital twin (DT) of the system. When technology of DT meets an augmented reality scenario, the augmented digital twin (ADT) arises, when DT meets an artificial intelligence environment, the intelligent digital twin (IDT) arises. DTs, ADTs and IDTs are successfully adopted in electronics, mechanics, chemistry, manufacturing, science, sport, and more, but when adopted for the human body it comes out the human digital twin (HDT) or alternatively named virtual human simulator (VHS). When the VHS incorporates information from surroundings (other VHSs and environment), taking a cue from the particle-wave duality (the mix of matter and energy), we can name this super-VHS as the human digi-real duality (HDRD). This work is focused on defining the aforementioned acronyms, on evidencing their differences, advantages and successful case adoptions, but highlighting technology limits too, and on foreseeing new and intriguing possibilities.
Seeing is Learning in High Dimensions: The Synergy Between Dimensionality Reduction and Machine Learning
Authors: Telea Alexandru , Machado Alister , Wang Yu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHigh-dimensional data are a key study object for both machine learning (ML) and information visualization. On the visualization side, dimensionality reduction (DR) methods, also called projections, are the most suited techniques for visual exploration of large and high-dimensional datasets. On the ML side, high-dimensional data are generated and processed by classifiers and regressors, and these techniques increasingly require visualization for explanation and exploration. In this paper, we explore how both fields can help each other in achieving their respective aims. In more detail, we present both examples that show how DR can be used to understand and engineer better ML models (seeing helps learning) and also applications of DL for improving the computation of direct and inverse projections (learning helps seeing). We also identify existing limitations of DR methods used to assist ML and of ML techniques applied to improve DR. Based on the above, we propose several high-impact directions for future work that exploit the analyzed ML-DR synergy.
Pistol: Pupil Invisible Supportive Tool in the Wild
Authors: Fuhl Wolfgang , Weber Daniel , Eivazi Shahram 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis paper is an in the wild evaluation of the eye tracking tool Pistol. Pistol supports Pupil Invisible projects and other eye trackers (Dikablis, Emke GmbH, Look, Pupil, and many more) in offline mode. For all eye tracking recordings, Pistol is able to compute pupil and iris ellipse, eye aperture, eye lids, 3D eye ball, optical vector estimation, and eye movement types. For Pupil Invisible projects, it also supports the detection of a special marker and allows the 2D and 3D gaze estimation mapped on the scene camera. In this extended journal paper for Pistol we focus on challenging in the wild situations, such as reflections on glasses, eye tracking during sport, changing lightning conditions, and this for two eye trackers. The tool Pistol can be downloaded here Link
Spatial distribution and transient responses of the thermal environment in an office space equipped with a standing-type air conditioner
Authors: Chan Jing Yik , Ahn Joon 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAir conditioner (AC) systems are important for maintaining indoor thermal comfort, but discrepancies can exist between setpoints and the actual room temperature. In the present study conducted in a typical Korean office during summer, we identified differences of up to 2.77 °C between the AC setpoint and the average room temperature. This variation may have originated from the oscillatory cooling pattern, leading to moments of discomfort even though the overall thermal balance was maintained. While consistent initial cooling rates were observed for various setpoints, oscillations at 20 °C lowered the efficiency of the AC system. A bi-exponential model applied to the cooling pattern confirmed a two-phase cooling process. Interestingly, the coefficient of performance was highest at the lowest temperature setpoint, even though this led to greater energy consumption and possible overcooling. The weather strongly affected AC performance, with rainy conditions requiring less power than sunny conditions at the same setpoint. Furthermore, our experiment comparing the predicted mean vote (PMV) with actual human comfort revealed that the PMV often recommends a cooler ambient temperature than what occupants actually prefer.
Violence, Predation, and FDI Entry
Authors: Barry Colin M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractI present a theoretical framework that links different configurations of organized violence to global patterns in foreign direct investment (FDI). Insurgents, states, and rogue government agents all use violence for political purposes (i.e., incapacitating rivals), but they vary in how they use violence for economic purposes (i.e., generating income). Applying Olson’s (1993) concepts of “roving” and “stationary” banditry, I hypothesize that violence perpetrated by rebels and rogue agents indeed depresses a host country’s commercial appeal, but that violence perpetrated willfully by the state doesn’t. This claim is tested against data on FDI “entry” by several thousand multinational corporations between 1994 and 2018.
Earthquakes, Hurricanes, Pandemics: Pharmacy Students Impacting Pharmacy Practice in Puerto Rico Through Medication Therapy Management Services During Disasters
Authors: Arce Lillian , Hale Genevieve , Khanfar Nile , Pérez Ayala Nicolle , Aponte Torres Gabriela , Acosta Medina Harriel 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background:
Community-based medication therapy management advanced pharmacy practice experiences (MTM APPE) can engage pharmacy students in public health initiatives, including emergency response preparedness, to successfully impact patient care. This study aimed to evaluate pharmacy students’ perceptions of their experience on an MTM APPE during disasters in Puerto Rico.

Methods:
After completing the MTM APPE during times of hurricanes, earthquake or pandemic, pharmacy students were asked to voluntarily participate in a questionnaire about their perception of assisting during a disaster. The survey consisted of 5 questions. Four questions were based on a Likert scale with answers choices ranging from Agree, Not Sure, Disagree, or Not Applicable. One question requested free text comments from participants.

Results:
Sixteen students completed the survey. Pharmacy students agreed that the MTM APPE taught them the clinical skills needed to assist and educate individual patients and the community that suffered from a disaster, and that the role of the pharmacist is vital when a disaster disrupts a community’s health-care system.

Conclusions:
Training in emergency response to disasters should be a considered component of MTM APPE.
The Virtue of Humility: Interpreting the Summa Theologiae’s ‘Minimalist Approach’
Authors: Newgarden Emma 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis paper argues, in response to scholarly criticism, that Thomas Aquinas’s account of the virtue of humility in the Summa Theologiae does not undermine the importance of humility in the Christian moral life. While the Summa’s classification of humility as a ‘potential part’ of temperance, which results from Thomas’s reliance on classical sources, has been blamed for this work’s perceived belittling of humility, an understanding of the Summa’s overall scope and Aquinas’s system of organizing virtues therein helps demonstrate that this categorization does not imply a lesser significance of humility either than other virtues in the Summa or than humility as treated in his Bible commentaries. Furthermore, even if the Summa’s structure creates limited space for an extensive discourse on humility, the establishment of humility’s reciprocity with magnanimity and absolute contradiction of pride leave no doubts as to the magnitude of this virtue. Thus, the ‘humble’ portrayal of humility in the Summa not only adequately but aptly expresses this uniquely Christian virtue, capturing the way it disposes human beings to ‘creaturely’ reverence before the Creator, and invites a more holistic understanding of Aquinas’s virtue ranking in the Secunda Secundae.
Using a fuzzy cognitive map to assess interventions to reduce antimicrobial resistance in a Swedish One Health system context under potential climate change conditions
Authors: Cousins Melanie , Parmley E Jane , Greer Amy L , Neiterman Elena , Lambraki Irene A , Graells Tiscar , Léger Anaïs , Henriksson Patrik JG , Wernli Didier , Søgaard Jørgensen Peter , Carson Carolee A , Majowicz Shannon E 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing One Health crisis that can be impacted by other challenges of sustainable development, such as climate change, but few interventions have been assessed with a systems-wide lens. The objectives of this study were to use a previously defined fuzzy cognitive map (FCM) of the Swedish One Health system to: 1) identify areas in the system to target interventions; and 2) test the potential ability and viability of interventions to reduce AMR under a changing climate.

Methods:
The FCM, based on participatory modelling workshops and literature scan, was used to assess the sustainability of eight interventions under potential climate change conditions. Network metrics were calculated to describe the system structure and identify highly impactful nodes.

Results:
The network metrics identified high-leverage nodes including alternative productions systems and good farming practices. None of the scenarios evaluated were able to adequately reduce AMR within the system.

Conclusions:
Overall, fuzzy cognitive mapping provides an innovative way to analyse the AMR system, identify high-leverage interventions, and examine potential impact of interventions using a broader systems lens.
Psychological Stress across the Lifespan and Cognitive Function among Older Adults: The Moderating Role of a Healthy Lifestyle
Authors: D’Amico Danielle , Amestoy Maya E. , Fiocco Alexandra J. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to (a) investigate the associations between indices of stress severity across the lifespan (early, middle, late life) and cognitive function among community-dwelling older adults, and (b) examine whether a healthy lifestyle composite score comprised of physical activity, healthy diet adherence, social engagement, sleep quality, and mindful relaxation moderates the associations between lifespan stress severity and cognitive function. Participants (n = 226, Mage = 68.2 ± 6.5, 68.1% female) completed questionnaires to measure stress and lifestyle behaviours, and three online neurocognitive tasks. No direct associations between stress severity and cognition were found. The healthy lifestyle composite score moderated the associations between early, midlife, and late-life stress severity and inhibitory control. Exploratory analyses suggest that this moderating effect may be sex-dependent. Despite study limitations and the need for additional research, findings provide preliminary support for the role of lifestyle behaviours in enhancing older adults’ resilience to the effects of stress on cognitive health in a sex-specific manner.
System-Level Factors Affecting Long-Term Care Wait Times: A Scoping Review
Authors: Scott Erin L. , Rudoler David , Ferma Jana , Stylianou Helen , Peckham Allie 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWaitlists for long-term care (LTC) continue to grow, and it is anticipated aging populations will generate additional demand. While literature focuses on individual-level factors, little is known about system-level factors contributing to LTC waitlists. We considered these factors through a scoping review. Inclusion/exclusion included publication year (2000–2022), language, paper focus, and document type. A total of 815 abstracts were identified, only 17 studies were included. Through qualitative content analysis, 10 key factors were identified: (1) waitlist management styles, (2) inconsistent standards of admission, (3) personnel shortage, (4) insufficient community-based care, (5) inequitable distribution of services, (6) lack of system integration, (7) unintended consequences of insurance plans, (8) ranking preferences, (9) the debate of supply and demand, and (10) financial incentives. Targeting interventions to address waitlist management, community-based care capacity, and demographic trends could improve access. More research is needed to address system-level barriers to timely LTC access.
Small subsets with large sumset: Beyond the Cauchy–Davenport bound
Authors: Fox Jacob , Luo Sammy , Pham Huy Tuan , Zhou Yunkun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFor a subset
$A$
of an abelian group
$G$
, given its size
$|A|$
, its doubling
$\kappa =|A+A|/|A|$
, and a parameter
$s$
which is small compared to
$|A|$
, we study the size of the largest sumset
$A+A'$
that can be guaranteed for a subset
$A'$
of
$A$
of size at most
$s$
. We show that a subset
$A'\subseteq A$
of size at most
$s$
can be found so that
$|A+A'| = \Omega (\!\min\! (\kappa ^{1/3},s)|A|)$
. Thus, a sumset significantly larger than the Cauchy–Davenport bound can be guaranteed by a bounded size subset assuming that the doubling
$\kappa$
is large. Building up on the same ideas, we resolve a conjecture of Bollobás, Leader and Tiba that for subsets
$A,B$
of
$\mathbb{F}_p$
of size at most
$\alpha p$
for an appropriate constant
$\alpha \gt 0$
, one only needs three elements
$b_1,b_2,b_3\in B$
to guarantee
$|A+\{b_1,b_2,b_3\}|\ge |A|+|B|-1$
. Allowing the use of larger subsets
$A'$
, we show that for sets
$A$
of bounded doubling, one only needs a subset
$A'$
with
$o(|A|)$
elements to guarantee that
$A+A'=A+A$
. We also address another conjecture and a question raised by Bollobás, Leader and Tiba on high-dimensional analogues and sets whose sumset cannot be saturated by a bounded size subset.