bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sensing with electromagnetic radiation: a review. Part 1: Short wavelengths
Authors: Bogue Robert 
Published: August 2008

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide a review of the industrial sensing applications of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) with an emphasis on wavelengths other than visible light. The paper is in two parts. This, the first, considers radiations with shorter wavelengths than visible light, i.e. γ radiation, X‐rays and ultra‐violet (UV).Design/methodology/approachThe paper discusses the sensing applications of short wavelength EMR through reference to the techniques employed, products and their uses.FindingsThe paper shows that γ radiation, X‐rays and UV radiation are used in a wide range of industrial sensors for the measurement of physical variables, chemical compounds and gases. The phenomena employed include absorption, backscatter, photoionisation, fluorescence and reflection. Applications are extremely varied and embrace a diversity of industries.Originality/valueThe paper provides a detailed, technical review of the sensing uses of short wavelength EMR.
Robot localisation enhanced by a distributed vision system in dynamic environments
Authors: Menegatti E. , Gatto G. , Pagello E. , Minato Takashi , Ishiguro Hiroshi 
Published: August 2008

PurposeImage‐based localisation has been widely investigated in mobile robotics. However, traditional image‐based localisation approaches do not work when the environment appearance changes. The purpose of this paper is to propose a new system for image‐based localisation, which enables the approach to work also in highly dynamic environments.Design/methodology/approachThe proposed technique is based on the use of a distributed vision system (DVS) composed of a set of cameras installed in the environment and of a camera mounted on a mobile robot. The localisation of the robot is achieved by comparing the current image grabbed by the robot with the images grabbed, at the same time, by the DVS. Finding the DVS's image, most similar to the robot's image, gives a topological localisation of the robot.FindingsExperiments reported in the paper proved the system to be effective, even exploiting a pre‐existent DVS not designed for this application.Originality/valueWhilst, aware that DVSs, as the one used in this work, are not diffuse nowadays, this work is significant because a novel idea is proposed for dealing with dynamic environments in the image‐based localisation approach and the idea is validated with experiments. Camera Sensor networks currently are an emerging technology and they may be introduced in several daily environments in the future.
Evaluation of protein crystallization state by sequential image classification
Authors: Kawabata Kuniaki , Saitoh Kanako , Takahashi Mutsunori , Asama Hajime , Mishima Taketoshi , Sugahara Mitsuaki , Miyano Masashi 
Published: August 2008

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present classification schemes for the crystallization state of proteins utilizing image processing.Design/methodology/approachTwo classification schemes shown here are combined sequentially.FindingsThe correct ratio of experimental result using the method presented here is approximately 70 per cent.Originality/valueThe paper is a contribution to automated evaluation crystal growth, combining two classifiers based on specific visual feature, sequentially.
A cultural feminist approach towards managing diversity in top management teams
Authors: Syed Jawad , Murray Peter A. 
Published: August 2008

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to challenge the customary emphasis on masculine values in top management teams (TMTs) and offer a cultural feminist approach to improving women's participation in leadership roles in organisations.Design/methodology/approachThe paper builds on the theory of diversity and “difference”, instead of “sameness”, to demonstrate the relationship between feminine values, team member diversity, and team effectiveness. The paper develops a three‐tier approach to making better use of gender diversity in TMTs: unravel masculine hegemony in the workplace; create awareness of distinct values offered by women as team members and team leaders; and progress team diversity from the customary token representation to gender inclusive team structures and routines.FindingsThe paper suggests that TMTs benefit when learning to accommodate and integrate feminine values, along with masculine values, into an inclusive work culture that enhances teams’ performing capacities.Research limitations/implicationsToken representation is only one dimension of gendered disadvantage. Several complex forms of gendered disadvantage reside at macro‐level or extra‐organisational layers of life. Therefore, tackling masculine hegemony should involve a multilevel approach that tackles gendered disadvantage in domains as wide as work, organisation, and society.Practical implicationsThrough the three‐tier framework for managing diversity in TMTs, the paper offers a practical way forward, moving beyond the current functional‐structured approach towards TMTs.Originality/valueThe paper argues that conventional diversity management practices remain influenced by a hegemonic masculine approach towards increasing women's participation in employment. Furthermore, a narrow emphasis on “sameness” instead of “diversity” of women and men reinforces male hegemony, contributing to the perpetuation of low numbers of women in TMTs.
Transition in the age of anxiety: the Turkish case
Authors: Tatoglu Ekrem , Demirbag Mehmet 
Published: August 2008

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to consider the transformation experience of contemporary Turkey, and to provide an introduction to the special issue and a review of the papers in the JMD special issue.Design/methodology/approachThe paper portrays changes in Turkish business and management practices in recent years.FindingsThe paper argues that given the dynamic nature of Turkish economy, change is not an option but a required path for transformation and survival. Turbulence and anxieties, sometimes inevitably, distract or at best re‐orient the speed of change and transition.Originality/valueThe paper stimulates further work by management scholars to develop new perspectives and research agenda that will advance knowledge of the business and management practices in emerging countries.
Internationalization of Turkish MNEs
Authors: Erdilek Asim 
Published: August 2008

PurposeThis paper aims to focus on the company‐specific level on the causes of Turkey's recent outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) surge. The paper analyzes the reasons as to why, how, and where Turkish multinational enterprises (MNEs) invest abroad, focusing on the differences between large enterprises and small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs).Design/methodology/approachThe case‐study approach, based on eight cases, relies on the insights from the Uppsala internationalization model as well as those from FDI theories. The case studies are based on on‐site interviews with company executives.FindingsThat paper finds that although different OFDI drivers vary in importance among the eight MNEs studied, the incremental and peripheral nature of their internationalization, mostly through brownfield FDI, fits the Uppsala model well. Although they preferred majority‐owned joint ventures with local partners initially to minimize uncertainty and start up costs, to cope with bureaucratic obstacles, and to gain access to technology, they eventually acquired full ownership of their foreign affiliates after exhausting the initial benefits from joint venturing.Research limitations/implicationsThe case‐study approach limits the generalization of the findings. However, they can serve as an initial attempt to investigate the drivers behind Turkey's recent OFDI surge. Future studies based on larger number of cases chosen in a systematic way may be able to confirm and strengthen the findings and their managerial implications.Originality/valueThe paper is the first company‐specific attempt to explain the OFDI motivations and managerial decision making of Turkish MNEs by distinguishing between between large enterprises and SMEs.
Country image in the context of European Union membership: the Turkish case
Authors: Zamantili Nayir Dilek , Durmusoglu Serdar S. 
Published: August 2008

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the opinions of owners/managers of Turkish furniture firms on country image effects of expected improvements in Turkey's democratic, economic, and political life resulting from Turkey's likely EU membership.Design/methodology/approachSurvey‐based empirical data are analyzed via multiple regression analysis.FindingsThe paper finds that political and economic influences of EU negotiations will improve country image, whereas democratic influences will not have a significant effect.Research limitations/implicationsThe study is conducted in one industry and findings may not be generalizable. As opinions on country image are affected by discussions in the media or temporary situations between EU countries and Turkey, the study should be repeated at regular intervals. Official bodies need to make sure that reforms made in the democratic arena are well communicated to business communities. Also, business communities can promote implementation of democratic adjustment efforts by joining democratic establishments.Originality/valueMost previous studies on country of origin (COO) effects were conducted with high risk or very low risk product groups. In this paper, a mid‐level risk product category, furniture, is examined with respect to country image.
Leadership development: making a difference in unfavourable circumstances
Authors: Clarke Martin , Bailey Catherine , Burr Joanna 
Published: August 2008

PurposeThis paper is derived from a two‐year study that sought to provide a critical understanding of the current state of business leadership development (BLD) and to identify directions for innovative future practice. The second of two companion papers, this contribution aims to investigate the influence of unfavourable competing agendas on BLD and how human resource development (HRD) professionals can work effectively within such circumstances.Design/methodological approachThe paper analyses three case studies of HRD managers who made significant contributions to their organisation's BLD despite unfavourable political circumstances. These individuals were selected from a population of 190 managers from the first phase of the overall study.FindingsThe cases highlight the centrality of political activity to effective BLD design and implementation that is subject to unfavourable circumstances. In particular, the individuals demonstrated the importance of relationship management, challenge and critique and of building change from the bottom up, irrespective of direct senior management support.Practical implicationsThe cases shed light on the types of behaviour that may enable HRD professionals to make an effective contribution to BLD, even when there is little formal senior management support. Questions are provided to encourage personal learning and debate about the role and value of HR in the enactment of BLD.Originality/valueThe findings indicate that much best practice advice on leadership development needs to be tempered with an acknowledgement of the degree to which it is subject to competing interests and postulates that constructive political action may be a legitimate activity for HRD managers despite mainstream unitarist advice.
A critique of the evolving funding process for the care of Anglican medieval cathedrals in England
Authors: Mansfield John R. 
Published: August 2008

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the background issues that influence the level of central government funding of the care and maintenance of the provincial Anglican medieval cathedrals in England.Design/methodology/approachThe paper presents a detailed review of the evolving government policy and funding agency practice. The paper critically examines the levels of financial support provided to specific cathedrals since the introduction of the Cathedral Repairs Grant and the Funding to Cathedrals schemes.FindingsSince 1990, central government, via English Heritage and the Heritage Lottery Fund, has offered a comparatively modest level of financial support for the care and maintenance of provincial medieval cathedrals. Yet this funding is balanced by an increased bureaucratic process that ironically increases the cost of care. The budget for grant aid is being reduced annually, ceiling levels to grants are imposed regardless of the cost of the work and previously successful applicants are being excluded from future bidding rounds. More public funds should be available for the care programmes and the support should be more real than rhetorical.Originality/valueThe paper contributes to the broader appreciation of the funding system for the care and maintenance of the cultural built heritage under an evolving financial regime based on efficiency reviews. The paper highlights the longer‐term implications of the increased bureaucratic system.
Air gaps in building construction avoiding dampness and mould
Authors: af Klintberg Tord , Johannesson Gudni , Björk Folke 
Published: August 2008

PurposeWater damage is a severe problem in modern construction, causing economic loss and health implications. The patented Air Gap Method, which is a slight modification of the common infill wall construction, provides means to build houses in a more robust way, minimizing the negative effects of water damage. This full‐scale study of the method aims to show how walls and floors may be built to create ventilation within the construction, with air gaps equipped with heating cables. The general hypothesis is that the patented Air Gap Method drains and evaporates dampness after water damage. The purpose of this study is to show how the method is built and how the method deals with water damage, such as a flooding, and with mould growth.Design/methodology/approachThe Air Gap Method is based on a common timber‐framed construction and is completed by the provision of inlets, air gaps, slits, and outlets. The power for the convective airflow is given by an electrical heating cable. The study was carried out as a full‐scale experiment using a 24 m2 large apartment build by this method. This apartment was flooded with 120 litres of domestic wastewater and the drying period was compared when heating cables were switched on or not. Mould growth was also investigated.FindingsThe method dries out a flooded floor in nine days when two heating cables were switched on, in 13 days with one heating cable and 21 days when the heating cables were off. The method prevents all mould growth provided that the indoor RH is lower than 65 per cent.Practical implicationsThe method provides means to build houses in a more robust way, minimizing the negative effects of water damage.Originality/valueThe issue of ventilated construction is rarely investigated in scientific research.
Knowledge exchange and the opportunities for Marketing Intelligence & Planning
Authors: Hughes Tim 
Published: August 2008

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to put forward some ideas on how Marketing Intelligence & Planning (MIP) might further pursue its crossover mission in the future.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is a viewpoint contribution based on the author's research on academic/practitioner engagement within the marketing field.FindingsA number of ideas are outlined under the following headings: creating an MIP community; creating mutually interesting content; demonstrating practical application; links with professional bodies; motivating academics.Originality/valueThe paper stimulates debate around how a crossover journal can become more effective in promoting academic/practitioner knowledge exchange.
Using ISO 90003 for software “design and development” in large virtual teams
Authors: Das Sidhartha R. , Yaylacicegi Ulku , Canel Cem 
Published: August 2008

PurposeISO 90003 provides guidelines for applying ISO 9001 to software development processes. The purpose of this paper is to present how the software development process in large, virtual teams (LVTs) can be managed, so that they are in compliance with ISO 9001.Design/methodology/approachThe firm's actions are described in a case example format that illustrates how fit between theory and practice is achieved; and forms a precursor to the derivation of appropriate research arguments.FindingsThe steps presented show the application of ISO 90003 guidelines to software development planning activities in LVTs, to meet the requirements of ISO 9000 certification.Research limitations/implicationsThe scope of this paper is limited to the application of Section 7.3 (Design and development) of ISO 90003:2004 to the software development process. The paper presents the discussion in a “generalized” fashion so that the steps described can be implemented by any software development company.Practical implicationsThe implications for managers in this study lie in the presentation of a set of steps to manage software development processes in LVTs, so that they are in compliance with ISO 9001.Originality/valueThere is a dearth of studies on the application of process‐based approaches in virtual organizations. This paper addresses this gap in the literature by examining how software development processes in virtual organizations (specifically, LVTs) may be formally managed, so that they are in compliance with ISO 9001.
Price formation in residential property market: evidence from FGLP auction in Nigeria
Authors: Amidu Abdul‐Rasheed , Tajudeen Aluko Bioye , Bamidele Oyedele Joseph 
Published: August 2008

PurposeA significant number of published empirical studies of real estate auctions abound in real estate literature. These studies focus on the auction price formation process through the comparison of sales from different auctions to revenue from private negotiations. While these studies have made useful contributions to the literature, they are largely confined to data emanating from auctions in the UK format. Other auction formats have been virtually ignored; thus creating a gap in the literature. This study, therefore seeks to extend research in the auction price formation process through an empirical analysis of transaction prices from the perspective of another auction format: first sealed bid auction.Design/methodology/approachThe data for this study consist of a sample size of 120 residential properties sold at auction of the Federal Government Landed Properties (FGLP) in Ikoyi, Lagos, Nigeria. Transaction data for each of the sampled properties were compiled from Vol. 11, No. 3834 of Thisday newspaper. These include open market values (reserve prices), bid prices, numbers of bids, property specific and bidders' attributes. These were then analysed using descriptive, paired t‐test statistic and regression model.FindingsThe empirical evidence suggests that auction properties sell at an 11.33 per cent premium relative to predicted market values. Also provided, through the regression model, are variables having a significant impact on the auction prices.Originality/valueThe paper provides empirical evidence of the auction price formation process in first sealed bid auction where published empirical studies are still relatively few. Overall, the results of the analysis presented suggest that auctions offer an optimal method of selling property.
The determinants of business performance of estate agency in England and Wales
Authors: Ke Qiulin , Isaac David , Dalton Peter 
Published: August 2008

PurposeThis paper seeks to investigate the factors influencing the business performance of estate agency in England and Wales.Design/methodology/approachThe paper investigates the effect of housing market, company size and pricing policy on business performance in the estate agency sector in England and Wales. The analysis uses the survey data of Woolwich Cost of Moving Survey (a survey of transactions costs sponsored by the Woolwich/Barclays Bank) from 2003 to 2005 to test the hypothesis that the business performance of estate agency is affected by industry characteristics and firm factors.FindingsThe empirical analysis indicates that the business performance of estate agency is subject to market environment volatility such as market uncertainty, housing market liquidity and house price changes. The firm factors such as firm size and the level of agency fee have no explanatory power in explaining business performance. The level of agency fee is positively associated with firm size, market environment and liquidity.Research limitations/implicationsThe research is limited to the data received and is based on a research project on transaction costs designed prior to this analysis.Originality/valueThere is little other research that investigates the factors determining the business performance of estate agency, using consecutive data of three years across England and Wales. The findings are useful for practitioners and/or managers to allocate resources and adjust their business strategy to enhance business performance in the estate agency sector.
Numerical study of natural convection in a square cavity containing a cylinder using the lattice Boltzmann method
Authors: Jami Mohammed , Mezrhab Ahmed , Naji Hassan 
Published: August 2008

PurposeThis paper attempts to deal with the presentation of a numerical investigation of the laminar‐free convective heat transfer in a square enclosure containing a solid cylinder located at an arbitrary position. Effects of the cylinder position on the heat transfer and the flow structures inside the cavity are to be studied and highlighted.Design/methodology/approachThe numerical code is based on the hybrid scheme with the lattice Boltzmann and the alternating‐directional implicit (ADI) splitting scheme. The energy equation is solved by ADI scheme and the flow field velocities have been computed using the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM). The bounce‐back condition combined with quadratic interpolation is used at solid boundaries.FindingsThe predicted results show that the cylinder location has a significant effect on the heat transfer. It is observed that: when the inner body does not generate heat, most of the heat transfer takes place if the body is located at the center of the enclosure. When the cylinder generates heat and is displaced from the left towards the right and from the lower part towards the upper part of the cavity, the heat transfer rate decreases on the hot wall and increases on the cold wall.Research limitations/implicationsThe fluid flow (air) is assumed to be incompressible, laminar and 2D. The viscous heat dissipation is neglected in the energy equation and all physical proprieties are constant except for the density, whose variation with temperature is allowed for in the buoyancy term.Practical implicationsNatural convection in heated enclosures, housing inner bodies has received significant attention because of its interest and importance in industrial applications. Some applications are solar collectors, fire research, electronic cooling, aeronautics, chemical apparatus, building constructions, nuclear engineering, etc.Originality/valueThe paper contributes to the development of the LBM. In particular, it was found that the inherent numerical instabilities of this LBE are not modified by coupling with temperature. This is a good improvement compared to what is observed in the simulations of thermal systems using the full LBE formulation where the energy conservation is taken into account.