bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A rapid and sensitive liquid chromatography/positive ion tandem mass spectrometry method for the determination of cimetropium in human plasma by liquid–liquid extraction
Authors: Lee Heon‐Woo , Park Wan‐Su , Kim Yong‐Won , Cho Sung‐Hee , Kim Sung‐Su , Seo Ji‐Hyung , Lee Kyung‐Tae 
Published: June 2006

AbstractWe have developed and validated a simple detection system with high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with positive ion electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI‐MS/MS) for determining cimetropium levels in human plasma using scopolamine butyl bromide as an internal standard (I.S.). The acquisition was performed in the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode, by monitoring the transitions: m/z 357.9 > 103.1 for cimetropium and m/z 359.9 > 103.1 for butyl‐scopolamine. The method involves a simple single‐step liquid–liquid extraction with dichloromethane. The analyte was chromatographed on an YMC C18 reversed‐phase chromatographic column by isocratic elution with 10 mM ammonium formate buffer–methanol (19 : 81, v/v; adjusted to pH 4.0 with formic acid). The results were linear over the studied range (0.2–100 ng ml−1), with r2 = 1.0000, and the total analysis time for each run was 2 min. Intra‐ and interassay precisions were 0.70–8.54% and 1.08–4.85%, respectively, and intra‐ and interassay accuracies were 97.56–108.23% and 97.48–103.91%, respectively. The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) was 0.2 ng ml−1. At this concentration, mean intra‐ and interassay precisions were 8.54% and 4.85%, respectively, and mean intra‐ and interassay accuracies were 97.56% and 98.91%, respectively. The mean recovery ranged from 62.71 ± 4.06 to 64.23 ± 2.32%. Cimetropium was found to be stable in plasma samples under typical storage and processing conditions. The devised assay was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study of cimetropium bromide administered as a single oral dose (150 mg) to healthy volunteers. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Identification of isomeric flavonoid glucuronides in urine and plasma by metal complexation and LC‐ESI‐MS/MS
Authors: Davis Barry D. , Needs Paul W. , Kroon Paul A. , Brodbelt Jennifer S. 
Published: June 2006

AbstractNoncovalent complexes were used for structural determination and isomer differentiation of flavonoid glucuronides. Several flavonoid glucuronides including naringenin‐7‐O‐glucuronide, synthesized here for the first time, were used as test compounds. Electrospray ionization quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometry with collision‐induced dissociation (CID) was used to analyze complexes of the form [Co(II) (L‐H) (Aux)]+ and [Co(II) (L‐H) (Aux)2]+, in which L is the flavonoid glucuronide and Aux is a phenanthroline‐based ligand. These complexes yielded characteristic fragmentation patterns that facilitated assignment of the substitution position of the glucuronides. The methods were adapted to liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS) with postcolumn cobalt complexation and were tested on extracts from biological fluids. The metabolites naringenin‐7‐O‐glucuronide and naringenin‐4′‐O‐glucuronide were detected in human urine following the consumption of grapefruit juice. Isomeric quercetin glucuronides were identified and differentiated after spiking rat plasma at the 1 µM level, proving that the new methods are effective at biologically relevant concentrations. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Long‐term effects of JL 13, a potential atypical antipsychotic, on rat dopamine and serotonin receptor subtypes
Authors: Moran‐Gates Taylor , Massari Carla , Graulich Amaury , Liégeois Jean‐François , Tarazi Frank I. 
Published: June 2006

AbstractChanges in dopamine (DA) D1, D2, D3, and D4receptors and serotonin 5‐HT1Aand 5‐HT2Areceptors in rat forebrain regions were autoradiographically quantified after continuous infusion of JL 13 [(5‐(4‐methylpiperazin‐1‐yl)‐8‐chloro‐pyrido[2,3‐b][1,5]benzoxazepine fumarate] for 28 days with osmotic minipumps and compared with the effects of other typical (fluphenazine) and atypical (clozapine, olanzapine, and risperidone) antipsychotic drugs from previous studies. Similar to other typical and atypical antipsychotics, JL 13 increased labeling of D2receptors in medial prefrontal cortex (MPC) and hippocampus (HIP) and D4receptors in nucleus accumbens (NAc), caudate‐putamen (CPu), and HIP. In addition, JL 13 increased 5‐HT1Aand decreased 5‐HT2Areceptors in MPC and dorsolateral frontal cortex (DFC), an effect shared by atypical antipsychotics, and may contribute to their psychopharmacological properties. Clozapine and JL 13, but not other antipsychotics, spared D2receptors in CPu, which may reflect their ability to induce minimal extrapyramidal side effects. In addition, JL 13 but not other typical and atypical antipsychotic drugs increased abundance of D1receptors in CPu and NAc. JL 13 as well as other antipsychotic agents did not alter levels of forebrain D3receptors. An atypical‐like profile of JL 13 on DA and 5‐HT receptor subtypes should encourage further development of this compound as a novel atypical antipsychotic drug. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Evaluation of a hydrazide‐linked α1‐acid glycoprotein chiral stationary phase: Separation of R‐ and S‐propranolol
Authors: Xuan Hai , Hage David S. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractThe binding and chiral separation of R‐ and S‐propranolol was investigated on a new type of α1‐acid glycoprotein (AGP) column. This column was prepared through the controlled and mild oxidation of AGP, followed by the immobilization of this protein to hydrazide‐activated silica. The effects of temperature, pH, ionic strength, and organic modifiers on the retention and separation of R‐ and S‐propranolol were investigated on this column. Both the association equilibrium constants and number of binding sites for R/S‐propranolol on the AGP column were found to increase with temperature and affect the measured retention factors for these compounds. Regarding the other factors, a change in the organic modifier concentration was found to give the largest change in retention and separation. It was found through these studies that both coulombic and hydrophobic interactions played important roles in determining the retention of R‐ and S‐propranolol on the AGP column. The efficiency and separation impedance of this system were also considered. Under the final optimum conditions identified in this study, it was possible to separate R‐ and S‐propranolol with a resolution of greater than 1.38 in less than 5 min on a 4.1 mm I.D.×5 cm column.
Pseudoathetosis: Report of three patients
Authors: Spitz Mariana , Aluízio Costa Machado Alexandre , Carvalho Rodrigo Do Carmo , Maia Fernanda Martins , Haddad Monica Santoro , Calegaro Dagoberto , Scaff Milberto , Reis Barbosa Egberto 
Published: June 2006

AbstractWe report on 3 patients with pseudoathetosis, which are involuntary, slow, writhing movements due to loss of proprioception. © 2006 Movement Disorder Society
Balance in Parkinson's disease under static and dynamic conditions
Authors: Nardone Antonio , Schieppati Marco 
Published: June 2006

AbstractWe tested balance performance in 15 on phase Parkinson's disease (PD) patients (8 nonfallers, PD‐NF; 7 fallers, PD‐F) during quiet stance (stabilometry) and on a platform continuously moving in the anteroposterior direction (dynamic test). Neither stabilometry (eyes open or closed) nor the dynamic test (eyes open) separated PD‐F from PD‐NF. With the dynamic test, eyes closed, PD‐F with respect to PD‐NF showed larger head oscillations, smaller cross‐correlation between head and malleolus motion (more so in patients with low Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale, or UPDRS), and larger delays of head with respect to platform motion. Further, across all PD patients, head displacement increased with the equivalent levodopa dose, indicating a trend for medication to worsen balancing capacity while improving UPDRS. The dynamic test is a sensitive tool for detecting instability in PD‐F since absence of visual flow selectively impairs both association between body segment movements and anticipatory adjustments. © 2006 Movement Disorder Society
Accelerating Galerkin BEM for linear elasticity using adaptive cross approximation
Authors: Bebendorf M. , Grzhibovskis R. 
Published: June 2006

AbstractThe adaptive cross approximation (ACA) algorithm (Numer. Math. 2000; 86:565–589; Computing 2003; 70(1):1–24) provides a means to compute data‐sparse approximants of discrete integral formulations of elliptic boundary value problems with almost linear complexity. ACA uses only few of the original entries for the approximation of the whole matrix and is therefore well‐suited to speed up existing computer codes. In this article we extend the convergence proof of ACA to Galerkin discretizations. Additionally, we prove that ACA can be applied to integral formulations of systems of second‐order elliptic operators without adaptation to the respective problem. The results of applying ACA to boundary integral formulations of linear elasticity are reported. Furthermore, we comment on recent implementation issues of ACA for non‐smooth boundaries. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Neoplastic lumbosacral radiculoplexopathy in prostate cancer by direct perineural spread: An unusual entity
Authors: Ladha Shafeeq S. , Spinner Robert J. , Suarez Guillermo A. , Amrami Kimberly K. , Dyck P. James B. 
Published: June 2006

AbstractNeoplastic lumbosacral plexopathy occurs with some abdominal and pelvic malignancies. Patients present with severe pain radiating from the low back down to the lower extremities, and this progresses to weakness. Neoplastic lumbosacral plexopathy is virtually always associated with known malignancy or obvious pelvic metastatic disease. Uncommonly, prostate cancer can present as a lumbosacral plexopathy occurring through direct pelvic spread. We describe two cases of lumbosacral radiculoplexopathy from infiltrative prostate cancer without evidence of other pelvic or extraprostatic spread. The probable etiology of tumor spreading along prostatic nerves into the lumbosacral plexus (i.e., perineural spread) is discussed as are the potential mechanisms for this unusual mode of cancer dissemination. Muscle Nerve, 2006
Matrix metalloproteinases are involved in mechanical stretch–induced activation of skeletal muscle satellite cells
Authors: Yamada Michiko , Tatsumi Ryuichi , Kikuiri Takashi , Okamoto Shinpei , Nonoshita Shinsuke , Mizunoya Wataru , Ikeuchi Yoshihide , Shimokawa Hiroaki , Sunagawa Kenji , Allen Ronald E. 
Published: June 2006

AbstractWhen skeletal muscle is stretched or injured, myogenic satellite cells are activated to enter the cell cycle. This process depends on nitric oxide (NO) production, release of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) from the extracellular matrix, and presentation of HGF to the c‐met receptor. Experiments reported herein provide new evidence that matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are involved in the NO‐dependent release of HGF in vitro. When rat satellite cells were treated with 10 ng/ml recombinant tissue inhibitor‐1 of MMPs (TIMP‐1) and subjected to treatments that induce activation in vitro, i.e., sodium nitroprusside (SNP) of an NO donor or mechanical cyclic stretch, the activation response was inhibited. In addition, conditioned medium generated by cultures treated with TIMP‐1 plus SNP or mechanical stretch failed to activate cultured satellite cells and did not contain HGF. Moreover, NOx assay demonstrated that TIMP‐1 does not impair NO synthase activity of stretched satellite cell cultures. Therefore, results from these experiments provide strong evidence that MMPs mediate HGF release from the matrix and that this step in the pathway is downstream from NO synthesis. Muscle Nerve, 2006
Early outcomes of mid‐urethral slings for female stress urinary incontinence stratified by valsalva leak point pressure
Authors: O'Connor R. Corey , Nanigian Dana K. , Lyon Mark B. , Ellison Lars M. , Bales Gregory T. , Stone Anthony R. 
Published: June 2006

AbstractAimsTo assess the early results of mid‐urethral slings placed via the transobturator approach (TVT‐O) for stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in women with high (>60 cm H2O) and low (≤60 cm H2O) valsalva leak point pressure (VLPP).Materials and MethodsForty‐three women with urodynamically proven SUI underwent TVT‐O. Patients were divided into either high (>60 cm H2O) or low (≤60 cm H2O) VLPP categories based on preoperative urodynamic studies. Patient outcomes were assessed based on degree of postoperative SUI as either dry (no pads, no SUI), or wet (any leakage). Follow‐up visits were at 1, 6, 12, and 24 weeks.ResultsOverall, 65% (28/43) women were cured following TVT‐O for SUI. When stratified based on preoperative VLPP, 77% (24/31) of patients with VLPP greater than 60 were cured while only 25% (3/12) of patients with VLPP less than or equal to 60 were cured. No intraoperative complications were noted. The odds of continued SUI following TVT‐O were 12 times greater for women with VLPP ≤60 compared to those with VLPP >60.ConclusionsWith limited follow up, TVT‐O appears to be a safe and effective surgical treatment for female SUI producing excellent results in patients with VLPP >60 cm/H20. Patients with low VLPP may consider conventional, retropubic mid‐urethral slings or other procedures as treatment for SUI. Neurourol. Urodynam. 25:685–688, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Phenols and lignans from Chenopodium album
Authors: Cutillo Francesca , DellaGreca Marina , Gionti Melania , Previtera Lucio , Zarrelli Armando 
Published: June 2006

AbstractCinnamic acid, 4‐hydroxy‐cinnamic acid, ferulic acid, methyl ferulate, sinapic acid, methyl 3‐(4‐hydroxy‐3‐methoxyphenyl)propanoate, 4‐(1‐hydroxyethyl)‐2‐methoxyphenol, vanillyl alcohol, 4‐(hydroxymethyl)‐2‐methoxyphenol, 4‐hydroxy‐3‐methoxybenzoic acid, 4‐vinylphenol, 4‐methylbenzaldehyde, N‐[2‐(1H‐indol‐3‐yl)ethyl]acetamide, pinoresinol, syringaresinol, lariciresinol, 5,5′‐dimethoxy‐lariciresinol, threo‐guaiacylglycerol‐β‐O‐4‐syringaresinol ether and two new sesquilignans, namely, threo‐guaiacylglycerol‐α‐O‐methyl‐β‐O‐4‐syringaresinol ether and threo‐syringylglycerol‐α‐O‐methyl‐β‐O‐4‐syringaresinol ether, were isolated and identified as components of Chenopodium album. Constitutions were established on the basis of spectroscopic data, including two‐dimensional NMR analyses. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Recognition of culture state using two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis with an artificial neural network
Authors: Izawa Naoki , Kishimoto Michimasa , Konishi Masaaki , Omasa Takeshi , Shioya Suteaki , Ohtake Hisao 
Published: June 2006

AbstractProteomic technologies were applied to the examination of nutrient components in culture broth. In bioprocesses, many types of media have been proposed and used on the commercial scale. Natural nutrients, the chemical components of which cannot be identified completely, are often used in fermentation processes such as in the production of baker's yeast, alcoholic beverages, amino acids, and pharmaceuticals. The catabolic activities of the microorganisms in these processes vary with the species used. We used an artificial neural network (ANN) to recognize the sufficiency of chemical elements based on the protein spots resolved in 2‐DE, and we evaluated this technique using the leave‐one‐out method. We also attempted to reduce the number of input data for spot selection based on sensitivity analysis of the ANN, and the selected data were used to improve accuracy.
Diagonalization methods in PARSEC
Authors: Saad Yousef , Zhou Yunkai , Bekas Constantine , Tiago Murilo L. , Chelikowsky Jim 
Published: July 2006

AbstractThe Pseudopotential Algorithm for Real‐Space Electronic Calculations (PARSEC) is a software package written by a team consisting of materials physicists and computer scientists over approximately one decade. During this period, the algorithms used in PARSEC have undergone a series of improvements. This paper reviews the nature of the eigenvalue problems encountered in solving the Kohn–Sham equations and discusses the evolution of the diagonalization methods used in PARSEC. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Gas chromatography/flame ionisation detection mass spectrometry for the detection of endogenous urine metabolites for metabonomic studies and its use as a complementary tool to nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Authors: Fancy Sally‐Ann , Beckonert Olaf , Darbon Gareth , Yabsley Warren , Walley Rosalind , Baker David , Perkins George L. , Pullen Frank S. , Rumpel Klaus 
Published: June 2006

AbstractMetabonomics is a relatively new field of research in which the total pool of metabolites in body fluids or tissues from different patient groups is subjected to comparative analysis. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is the technology that is currently most widely used for the analysis of these highly complex metabolite mixtures, and hundreds of metabolites can be detected without any upfront separation. We have investigated in this study whether gas chromatography (GC) separation in combination with flame ionisation detection (FID) and mass spectrometry (MS) detection can be used for metabolite profiling from urine. We show that although GC sample preparation is much more involved than for NMR, hundreds of metabolites can reproducibly be detected and analysed by GC. We show that the data quality is sufficiently high – particularly if appropriate baseline correction and time‐warping methods are applied – to allow for data comparison by chemometrics methods.A sample set of urines from eleven healthy human volunteers was analysed independently by GC and NMR, and subsequent chemometrics analysis of the two datasets showed some similar features. As judged by NIST database searches of the GC/MS data some of the major metabolites that are detected by NMR are also visible by GC/MS. Since in contrast to NMR every peak in GC corresponds to a single metabolite, the electron ionisation spectra can be used to quickly identify metabolites of interest if their reference spectra are present in a searchable database. In summary, we show that GC is a method that can be used as a complementary tool to NMR for metabolite profiling of urine samples. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Improved method for isotopic and quantitative analysis of dissolved inorganic carbon in natural water samples
Authors: Assayag Nelly , Rivé Karine , Ader Magali , Jézéquel Didier , Agrinier Pierre 
Published: June 2006

AbstractWe present here an improved and reliable method for measuring the concentration of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and its isotope composition (δ13CDIC) in natural water samples. Our apparatus, a gas chromatograph coupled to an isotope ratio mass spectrometer (GCIRMS), runs in a quasi‐automated mode and is able to analyze about 50 water samples per day. The whole procedure (sample preparation, CO2(g)–CO2(aq) equilibration time and GCIRMS analysis) requires 2 days. It consists of injecting an aliquot of water into a H3PO4‐loaded and He‐flushed 12 mL glass tube. The H3PO4 reacts with the water and converts the DIC into aqueous and gaseous CO2. After a CO2(g)–CO2(aq) equilibration time of between 15 and 24 h, a portion of the headspace gas (mainly CO2+He) is introduced into the GCIRMS, to measure the carbon isotope ratio of the released CO2(g), from which the δ13CDIC is determined via a calibration procedure. For standard solutions with DIC concentrations ranging from 1 to 25 mmol · L−1 and solution volume of 1 mL (high DIC concentration samples) or 5 mL (low DIC concentration samples), δ13CDIC values are determined with a precision (1σ) better than 0.1‰. Compared with previously published headspace equilibration methods, the major improvement presented here is the development of a calibration procedure which takes the carbon isotope fractionation associated with the CO2(g)–CO2(aq) partition into account: the set of standard solutions and samples has to be prepared and analyzed with the same ‘gas/liquid’ and ‘H3PO4/water’ volume ratios. A set of natural water samples (lake, river and hydrothermal springs) was analyzed to demonstrate the utility of this new method. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Product ion mass spectra of amphetamine‐type substances, designer analogues, and ketamine using ultra‐performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Apollonio Luigino G. , Whittall Ian R. , Pianca Dennis J. , Kyd Jennelle M. , Maher William A. 
Published: June 2006

AbstractThis paper describes the application of ultra‐performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC/MS/MS) technology to separate and identify amphetamine‐type substances (amphetamine, methamphetamine), common and novel designer analogues (MDA, MDMA, PMA, 4‐MTA, MBDB), and ketamine using Acquity UPLC/Micromass Quattro Micro API mass spectrometer instrumentation (Waters Corporation, USA). From injection of drug reference standards, it was demonstrated that these compounds can be identified by product ion mass spectra in less than 4 min total analysis time, indicating that the technological advancements associated with UPLC/MS/MS allow it to serve as a powerful analytical tool for high‐throughput testing. In addition to demonstrating the separation and response of these drug compounds under the stated UPLC/MS/MS conditions, we believe the acquired product ion spectra will be a beneficial reference to laboratories interested in incorporating the use of this technology in the routine analysis of drugs of abuse. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Investigation of the ionisation and fragmentation behaviour of different nitroaromatic compounds occurring as polar metabolites of explosives using electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Schmidt Anne‐Christine , Herzschuh Rainer , Matysik Frank‐Michael , Engewald Werner 
Published: June 2006

AbstractIn order to develop a liquid chromatography/electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry (LC/ESI‐MS/MS) method for identification and quantification of polar metabolites of explosives using a triple quadrupole system, the mass spectrometric ionisation and fragmentation behaviour of different nitrophenols, nitro‐ and aminonitrobenzoic acids, nitrotoluenesulfonic acids, and aminonitrotoluenes was investigated. Due to their different molecular structures, the substances concerned showed a very different ionisation efficiency in the ESI process. Interestingly, 2,4‐dinitrobenzoic acid yielded no mass signals in the Q1 scan suggesting a thermal decarboxylation in the ion source, whereas the corresponding 3,5‐isomer showed a high ionisation yield. Using negative ionisation polarity, carboxylic, phenolic, and sulfonic acid groups were deprotonated resulting in molecular anions, which could be fragmented in a collision cell. A pronounced dependency of the produced fragment ion series on the kind and position of substituents at the nitrobenzene ring (ortho effects) was observed and exploited for the development of substance‐specific detection methods in the multiple reaction monitoring mode. In case of benzoic and sulfonic acids, decarboxylation and desulfonation, respectively, were observed as the most frequent fragmentation reactions. Furthermore, besides loss of NO2, NO fragmentation occurred and preceded a decarbonylation of the benzene ring. The expulsion of the open‐shell molecules NO and NO2 led to a variety of distonic radical anions. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.