bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cephaloceles
Authors: Nager George T. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThe meningoceles and enecphaloceles of the calvaria and base of the skull are reviewed with regard to origin and local behavior. An additional variant is added to the subgroup of nasopharyngeal cephaloceles, the basioccipital nasopharyngeal cephalocele, which only recently has become recognized. The clinical importance, techniques for its identification, and surgical management are discussed with the aid of a case report.
Intramuscular head and neck myxoma: Report of a case and review of the literature
Authors: Shugar Joel M. A. , Som Peter M. , Schaeffer B. Todd , Meyers Richard J. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractIntramuscular myxoma of the head and neck is a rare lesion with only six cases documented in the literature. The tumor demonstrates a benign clinical course without a tendency to recur and is occasionally associated with fibrous dysplasia. It thus deserves to be considered in a separate class from other soft tissue myxomas. The seventh case of a head and neck intramuscular myxoma is presented and the clinical, pathological, and CT characteristics of this tumor are reviewed.
Acoustic tumor management in senior citizens
Authors: House John W. , Nissen Rick L. , Hitselberger William E. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractWe reviewed records of 116 consecutive acoustic tumor surgery patients aged 65 and older during the 10 years ending in 1984. One hundred six had total removal. Ninety‐four (81%) had no intraoperative complications and 66 (57%) had no post‐operative complications. Only one patient, who had previously undergone partial removal elsewhere, died.Because tumors grow at 2 mm per year, and because elderly patients can expect to live up to 18 more years, we recommend planned total removal of an acoustic tumor as the management of choice for senior citizens in good health. We feel that the advantages of immediate surgery outweigh the risks of delayed surgery when age is advanced, the tumor is enlarged, and general health may be declining.
Ectopic gastric mucosa in the cervical esophagus
Authors: Schroeder Walter W. , Schechter Gary L. , Myer Charles M. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractEctopic gastric mucosa is a known entity of the mid and lower esophagus which was initially described by Schmidt in 1805. The presence of ectopic gastric mucosa in the cervical esophagus, however, was not described. A review of the literature reveals that ectopic gastric mucosa of the cervical esophagus is not uncommon, but symptoms rarely have been attributed to its presence.This paper reports five patients with isolated inflamed ectopic gastric mucosa in the cervical esophagus who presented with odynophagia and/or dysphagia. Physical examination was unremarkable in each case, and an acid barium esophagram was negative in four of five patients. Factors that distinguish these patients from other cases of odynophagia and dysphagia, as well as detailed clinical findings and treatment, are described. Debate exists as to whether the origin of ectopic gastric mucosa is congenital or acquired. The embryology, gross and microscopic anatomy, and pathologic features are outlined.Patients with persistent dysphagia should have flexible fiberoptic esophagoscopy with an index of suspicion to the existence of ectopic gastric mucosa. Inflamed or ulcerated ectopic gastric mucosa in the cervical esophagus should be treated to relieve symptoms and because of the potential for complications.
A middle ear implantable hearing device for controlled amplification of sound in the human: A preliminary report
Authors: Hough Jack , Himelick Tom , Richard Gordon , Dormer Kenneth , Vernon Jack , Meikel Mary 
Published: September 2006

AbstractMillions of people in the United States suffer from hearing impairment that is not benefited or poorly benefited by surgery or conventional hearing aids. Recently, we introduced an implantable Temporal Bone Stimulator (TBS) designed for those patients having a hearing loss due to external canal conditions; such as, external canal atresia or disease, inoperable ossicular problems, atelectasis or eustachian tube malfunction, and chronic open‐cavity mastoid disease. This device requires relatively good cochlear function. However, the electromagnetic application of this device has led to the development of a new device we call the Implantable Hearing Device (IHD). This device stimulates, by an electromagnetic field, an independent electromagnetic sensitive prosthesis attached to the ossicular chain. This direct energy transfer to the ossicular chain provides a high degree of sound amplification and fidelity, thus providing benefit for those with various degrees of sensorineural hearing impairment.Preliminary disclosure of the device design, the animal experimental results, and the data from human testing will be given.
Complications in the management of large glomus jugulae tumors
Authors: Cece John A. , Lawson William , Biller Hugh F. , Eden Avrim R. , Parisier Simon C. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThis study analyzes the complications encountered in the surgical treatment of 17 patients with large glomus jugulare tumors. All 17 patients sustained either new cranial nerve palsies or exacerbation of preexisting palsies. These involved, in descending order of frequency, the facial nerve, the vagus and glossopharyngeal nerves, and the hypoglossal nerve. Post‐operative palsies of the facial nerve involved 17 patients, as compared to 5 preoperatively. Fifteen patients had postoperative partial or complete paralysis of the vagus nerve as compared to eight preoperatively. Ten patients had postoperative palsies of the hypoglossal nerve as compared to six preoperatively. Other complications included CSF leak, meningitis, and wound infection. Aspiration and dysphagia were encountered postoperatively in 13 patients. Teflonr̀ injection of paretic vocal cords and cricopharyngeal myotomy effectively improved the ability to swallow and the quality of the voice. Prompt recognition and treatment of complications is essential for effective surgical management of large glomus jugulare tumors.
Malignancies of the external ear canal and temporal bone: Surgical techniques and results
Authors: Kinney Sam E. , Wood Benjamin G. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractA combined therapy approach to malignancies of the external auditory canal and middle ear has been developed. A technique of external canal resection and gross tumor removal from the middle ear, parotid gland, and superior cervical lymph nodes is followed by postoperative full‐therapy irradiation. This combined approach has been used in 30 patients with malignancies involving the external auditory canal and temporal bone. The preoperative evaluation and surgical technique, including the intraoperative decision‐making process, is described. Twenty‐four patients had squamous cell carcinoma of the external auditory canal, and two patients had basal cell carcinoma. There was one patient each with adenocystic carcinoma, acinic cell carcinoma, high grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma, and a giant cell tumor of bone.This group of patients was broken down into three groups based on the extent of disease as determined at surgery. Overall control of disease, both locally and distant, for the 30 patients was 66%. There were 12 patients with disease limited to the ear canal. These patients had a 91% survival of this disease process. Seven patients were determined to have limited extension beyond the ear canal. These were treated with combined therapy with an overall control of disease of 72%. Eleven patients had extensive disease outside of middle ear into the carotid jugular spine, stylomastoid foramen, and skull base, with a survival rate of 45%.It is concluded that a step‐wise removal of all gross tumor, as opposed to an en bloc dissection of the temporal bone and skull base, followed by full‐therapy irradiation gives equally as good, or even better, long‐term survival for this malignancy of the external auditory canal and middle ear.
Computed tomography in the evaluation of choanal atresia in infants and children
Authors: Crockett Dennis M. , Healy Gerald B. , Mcgill Trevor J. , Friedman Ellen M. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractWhile traditional confirmatory clinical tests are helpful in establishing the diagnosis of choanal atresia, they give little useful information concerning the composition, position, and thickness of the atresia plate. Surgeons experienced in the repair of choanal atresia have recognized that detailed anatomic assessment is valuable in the preoperative selection of the method of repair and design of the repair once undertaken. The utilization of high‐resolution computerized tomography to provide such information in a group of infants and children with choanal atresia forms the basis for this report. The application of computed tomography in the evaluation of choanal atresia and preoperative surgical planning is discussed. Based on this experience, we feel that the introduction of high‐resolution computerized tomography is a significant advance in the diagnostic and therapeutic approach to choanal atresia and should be the single radiographic procedure of choice.
Observations on the size of the saccule in laryngectomy specimens
Authors: Birt Derek 
Published: September 2006

AbstractOver 300 instances of the association of laryngocele with laryngeal carcinoma have been reported in Europe, but only seven in North America. In the present study, 353 serially sectioned total laryngectomy specimens were examined and the saccule measured with a steel ruler. Saccules extending superior or posterior to the thyroid cartilage were considered as large. Larynges were classified as “cancer” or “normal,” the latter being uninvaded organs from patients with adjacent disease. Among the 242 cancer larynges, there were 43 specimens where the saccule exceeded thyroid cartilage dimensions, a laryngocele rate of 17.8%. Mean saccule height was significantly greater in cancer than in normal specimens in coronal sections (P=0.04), and mean saccule length was significantly greater in cancer than in normal specimens in horizontal sections (P=0.001). The incidence of large saccules showed a difference between cancer and normal larynges which was highly significant (P=0.0002).
Cochlear action potentials threshold and systemic arterial pO2
Authors: Hildesheimer Minka , Muchnik Chava , Rubinstein Moshe 
Published: September 2006

AbstractA progressive decrease in arterial pO2 was induced in Hartley guinea pigs (GP) by having them rebreathe the air entrapped in a closed circuit from which the CO2 was continuously absorbed. Following this slow‐developing hypoxemia, a sequence of events concerning the ear could be observed. Firstly, a fluctuation in cochlear action potentials (CAP) was noted. This appeared only at stimulus intensities near the threshold and was not evident at higher intensities. At a mean arterial pO2 level of 30 mm Hg, this phenomenon was observed in 60% of the GP. At a mean pO2 of 24.66 mm Hg, a shift in threshold occurred in all GP. Finally, when the blood pO2 reached an average of 14.92 mm Hg, no CAP response could be elicited, even at click intensity of 120 dB SPL. The 30 mm Hg oxygen concentration in the arterial blood was considered as a “critical level” at which the cochlear function starts to deteriorate in guinea pigs.
Voice intensity of prospective cochlear implant candidates and normal hearing adult males
Authors: Leder Steven B. , Spitzer Jaclyn B. , Milner Paul , Flevaris‐Phillips Carole , Cameron Kirchner J. , Richardson Frederick 
Published: September 2006

AbstractVoice intensity in 19 prospective cochlear implant candidates, all adventitiously profoundly sensorineurally deaf adult males, was investigated. For the first time with objective data, it was shown that such deaf subjects spoke with significantly increased voice intensity and with greater intensity fluctuations than normal hearing male speakers. Neither length of time of profound deafness nor history of hearing aid use significantly affected voice intensity. Based on quantitative data, rehabilitation of voice intensity problems in the adventitiously deaf is indicated.
Videostroboscopy of the canine larynx: The effects of asymmetric laryngeal tension
Authors: Moore Dennis M. , Berke Gerald S. , Hanson David G. , Ward Paul H. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThe effects of simulated paralysis of the peripheral laryngeal nerves on patterns of vocal cord vibrations were studied. Videostroboscopy was used in seven anesthetized mongrel dogs to record laryngeal vibrations during direct electrical stimulation of the recurrent and superior laryngeal nerves under conditions of constant airflow. Stroboscopic images obtained from both supraglottic and subglottic aspects were analyzed frame‐by‐frame. Results indicated that simulated paralysis of the recurrent laryngeal nerve or combined paralysis of the recurrent and superior laryngeal nerves produced a diminished mucosal wave bilaterally, with loss of the two‐mass system of vibration and diminished lateral excursion of the normal cord. In contrast, simulated paralysis of the superior laryngeal nerve was characterized by an abnormally exaggerated vertical movement of the paralyzed cord in relation to the normal cord and a horizontal shifting of the glottis from the paralyzed to the normal side during each vibratory cycle. Clinical implications are discussed and the literature reviewed.
Rhodamine‐123 as a new photochemosensitizing agent with the argon laser: “Nonthermal” and thermal effects on human squamous carcinoma cells in vitro
Authors: Castro Dan J. , Saxton Romaine E. , Castro Donna J. , Fetterman Harold R. , Ward Paul H. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractA human squamous carcinoma cell line (P3) was first exposed to a nontoxic dose of Rhodamine‐123 (1 μg/m1 for 1 hour), then subjected to treatment with a single mode argon laser at 514.5 nm. The temperature and energy levels delivered to the target cells were determined by a reproducible method of dosimetry. Cell viability was assessed by the trypan blue exclusion test. Cell duplication and DNA synthesis were measured by the incorporation of 3H‐thymidine at 6 and 24 hours post‐treatment. The results indicate that Rhodamine‐123 at nontoxic doses of 1 μ/m1 enhanced the tumoricidal effects of the argon laser at reduced temperatures as low as 40 °C. Furthermore, at physiological temperature ranges as low as 28 to 39 °C, an immediate and/or delayed inhibition of cell duplication was demonstrated, while cell viability was not affected. These observations, suggest that Rhodamine‐123 can be used effectively as a chemosensitizing agent in the treatment of human tumor cells with the argon laser at 514.5 nm. This new technique of tumor cell targeting by Rhodamine sensitization and specific laser treatment may offer real advantages without the extreme photosensitivity associated with hematoporphyrin derivatives.
Hydrops due to syphilitic endolymphatic duct obliteration
Authors: Linthicum Fred H. , El‐Rahman Aly Gamal Abd 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThree pairs of temporal bones with otologic syphilis were studied histopathologically to detect obliteration of the endolymphatic duct and the associated hydrops. All cases showed infiltration and obliteration of the endolymphatic duct by round cells, giant cells, and fibrous tissue. These findings may be related to failure of medical treatment and sac surgery to arrest or alleviate symptoms of advanced syphilis.
Surgical trauma to the lateral semicircular canal with preservation of hearing
Authors: Canalis Rinaldo F. , Gussen Ruth , Abemayor Elliot , Andrews James 
Published: September 2006

AbstractSurgical trauma to the lateral semicircular canal (LSC) is a rare complication which does not always result in cochlear damage. The authors present six such cases, discuss the histopathological findings of one case, and review 12 previous reports. Transient cochlear depression with normalization of function within 6 weeks of trauma occurred in most instances. Vestibular symptoms were pronounced and, although compensation was not delayed, positional dizziness and instability usually persisted for several months and occasionally for a year or more. Histopathological findings (two specimens) were significant for obliterative scarring of the LSC at the site of injury and for the structural integrity of the labyrinth and cochlea. The mechanism of cochlear protection in these cases remains obscure; however, clean injuries away from the ampullary end of the canal occurring in patients without preexisting inner ear disease appear to have a better prognosis. Intraoperative closure of the defect, postoperative bed rest, and antibiotics are the basic elements of management.
The abnormally large frontal sinus. I. A practical method for its determination based upon an analysis of 100 normal patients
Authors: Urken Mark L. , Som Peter M. , Edelstein David , Lawson William , McAvay Gail , Biller Hugh F. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractOne hundred normal Caldwell view radiographs were examined on patients who had no signs or symptoms referable to the frontal sinuses. Magnification factors were determined for Caldwell views obtained on a dedicated head unit and as part of a skull series. The areas of the frontal sinuses were actually measured with a Zeiss Videoplan 2 computer and corrected for magnification. The area variation in this normal population was determined. Four linear measurements were individually correlated with these areas. Two of these lines had excellent correlation with the sinus area and if either of these lines exceeds a calculated value, the sinus area exceeds the 99th percentile of the normal population and can be considered abnormally enlarged. This technique provides a rapid, easy, and reliable method for assessing abnormally enlarged frontal sinus areas.
Abnormally large frontal sinus. II. nomenclature, pathology, and symptoms
Authors: Urken Mark L. , Som Peter M. , Edelstein David , Lawson William , Weber Alfred L. , Biller Hugh F. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractBased on a review of the literature and analysis of six new cases, three categories of enlarged, aerated sinuses are defined, namely: hypersinus, pneumosinus dilatans, and pneumocele. The information gained by our study of the area variation of the frontal sinuses in a normal population (part I of this paper) was utilized to define the term hypersinus. In this condition there is generalized enlargement of the sinus beyond the upper limit of normal in an asymptomatic patient. The principal difference between pneumosinus dilatans and a pneumocele is the presence of bony thinning or erosion in the latter entity. The clinical findings and the possible etiologies of these conditions are discussed.
Effect of P15E related retroviral material isolated from head and neck carcinomas on delayed type hypersensitivity skin reactions in mice
Authors: Tan I. Bing , Drexhage Hemmo A. , Scheper Rik J. , Von Blomberg‐v.d.Flier B. Mary , De Haan‐Meulman Meeny , Snow Gordon B. , Balm Fons J. M. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractLow molecular weight factors, derived from head and neck carcinomas (H/N ca LMWFs), exert a serious inhibitory effect on monocyte chemotaxis both in vivo and in vitro. This effect can be neutralized by the treatment of the factors with three different monoclonal antibodies to P15E, one of the structural envelope proteins of murine leukemia virus (MuLV).In this study, we report the effect of the H/N ca LMWFs on the delayed type hypersensitivity responsiveness in mice: the factors significantly inhibited the 24 hour DNFB skin reaction. These effects of the H/N ca LMWFs were again neutralizable by antibodies to P15E. Additional experiments showed that the H/N ca LMWFs had equal suppressive effects on toxic skin reactions to croton oil, and this indicates that the P15E‐like H/N ca LMWFs exert their effect by aspecific mechanisms.
Injuries of the nasofrontal orifices in frontal sinus fractures
Authors: Stanley Robert B. , Becker Terry S. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractDisruption of the nasofrontal ostia or ducts is an important factor in the development of immediate and delayed complications following frontal sinus fractures. Thorough evaluation of 50 consecutive patients with frontal sinus injuries caused by blunt trauma revealed several fracture patterns that frequently include injury to the drainage system. Anterior table fractures, even when displaced, do not produce such injuries unless associated with a fracture of the supraorbital rim or nasoethmoidal complex. Combined fractures of the anterior and posterior tables are almost always accompanied by injuries to the orifices. Severity of these injuries is variable but can be predicted from the sinus wall fracture patterns. Although CT scanning is incapable of directly imaging involvement of the ostia or ducts, it will give sufficient information to allow for accurate prediction of disruption of the drainage system.
Steps for a safer method of osteotomies in rhinoplasty
Authors: Thomas J. Regan , Griner Nancy R. , Remmler Daniel J. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractKnowledge of osteotomy technique is essential to rhinoplasty. Using cadaver specimens, in addition to clinical observation, a safer method of osteotomy was acquired. Discussion of anatomy with reference to medial and lateral osteotomy follows. Several safety tips for each type of osteotomy are given.
Unilateral pulmonary edema as a complication of contralateral bronchial obstruction
Authors: Shikhani Alain H. , Salman Salah D. , Melhem Rafic 
Published: September 2006

AbstractA unique case of acute unilateral bronchial obstruction complicated by contralateral pulmonary edema is reported. Postulated pathogenetic mechanisms are hypoxia and hyperfusion of one lung with resultant pulmonary capillary endothelial damage and lymphatic insufficiency.
Nasal resistance and sleep apnea
Authors: Blakley Brian W. , Mahowald Mark W. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThis study explores the role of the nose in obstructive sleep apnea. If the nose acts as a Starling resistor, elevated nasal resistance may result in negative pharyngeal pressure that is of greater magnitude than the situation with normal nasal resistance. Large negative pharyngeal pressures could cause obstructive apnea. To test this hypothesis, nasal resistance studies were performed on 37 normal subjects and 53 patients with proven obstructive sleep apnea. The results suggest that although the patients had a significantly elevated nasal resistance, the increased nasal resistance did not correlate with parameters that predict the severity of obstructive sleep apnea. Although the nose probably contributes to sleep apnea, we conclude that nasal resistance is not a major factor in severe obstructive apnea.
Hearing preservation after acoustic tumor removal: Long‐term results
Authors: Shelton Clough , Hitselberger W. E. , House W. F. , Brackmann D. E. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThis report examines the durability of preserved postoperative hearing in 25 middle fossa acoustic tumor patients with a minimum follow‐up of 3 years. The mean follow‐up time for this group was more than 8 years, with a maximum of almost 20 years. The initial postoperative au‐diogram was compared to the most recent audiogram for each patient, with change in the nonoperated ear serving as the control.Fourteen of the patients (56%) had a significant loss of the preserved hearing in the operated ear over time. The mean loss of speech discrimination was 25%, and the mean loss of speech reception threshold was 12 dB. Only one of the 14 patients had a similar loss in the contralateral ear. No recurrent tumors were identified.Good preoperative hearing is an obvious criterion for selection of candidates for hearing preservation surgery. Results of this study emphasize that a good initial postoperative hearing level is necessary to offset the potential deterioration of hearing that may occur over time.