bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tyrosine hydroxylase inhibits HCC progression by downregulating TGFβ/Smad signaling
Authors: Liu Guoqian , Li Mengwei , Zeng Zimei , Fan Qi , Ren Xinxin , Wang Zhexin , Sun Yaoqi , He Yulin , Sun Lunquan , Deng Yuezhen , Liu Shupeng , Zhong Chenxi , Gao Jie 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe alteration of metabolic processes has been found to have significant impacts on the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Nevertheless, the effects of dysfunction of tyrosine metabolism on the development of HCC remains to be discovered. This research demonstrated that tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), which responsible for the initial and limiting step in the bio-generation of the neuro-transmitters dopamine and adrenaline, et al. was shown to be reduced in HCC. Increased expression of TH was found facilitates the survival of HCC patients. In addition, decreased TH indicated larger tumor size, much more numbers of tumor, higher level of AFP, and the presence of cirrhosis. TH effectively impairs the growth and metastasis of HCC cells, a process dependent on the phosphorylation of serine residues (S19/S40). TH directly binds to Smad2 and hinders the cascade activation of TGFβ/Smad signaling with the treatment of TGFβ1. In summary, our study uncovered the non-metabolic functions of TH in the development of HCC and proposes that TH might be a promising biomarker for diagnosis as well as an innovative target for metastatic HCC.
Circ-10720 as a ceRNA adsorbs microRNA-1238 and modulates ZEB2 to boost NSCLC development by activating EMT
Authors: Zhang Wei , Xiao Ping , Liu Bin , Zhang Yan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are critical regulators in the progression of tumors. This experimental design aimed to explore the mechanism of circ-10720 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods
We used RT-qPCR to measure circ-10720 expression in clinical samples and analyzed its relationship with the clinicopathological characteristics of NSCLC patients. The expression levels of microRNA-1238 (miR-1238) and Zinc Finger E-box-binding Homeobox 2 (ZEB2) in clinical samples were detected by RT-qPCR. NSCLC cells were transfected with relevant plasmids or sequences. Circ-10720, miR-1238, and ZEB2 expressions in cells were analyzed via RT-qPCR or western blot. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion were assessed with CCK-8, flow cytometry, and transwell assay, respectively. The protein expression of ZEB2 and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related markers (E-cadherin, Vimentin, N-cadherin) were detected via western blot. Xenograft assay was used to determine the effect of circ-10720 on NSCLC in vivo. Circ-10720 and ZEB2 expressions in tumors were detected using RT-qPCR or Western blot. Immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate E-cadherin and N-cadherin expression in tumors. Finally, the binding relationship between miR-1238 with circ-10720 or ZEB2 was verified by the bioinformatics website, dual luciferase reporter assay, RNA pull-down assay, and RIP assay.

Results
Circ-10720 was upregulated in NSCLC and correlated with TNM stage of NSCLC patients. MiR-1238 was lowly expressed but ZEB2 was highly expressed in NSCLC. Circ-10720 silencing suppressed the proliferation, metastasis, and EMT of NSCLC cells. Mechanically, circ-10720 was a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) for miR-1238, and ZEB2 was a target of miR-1238. circ-10720-modulated ZEB2 via competitively binding with miR-1238 to control NSCLC progression. In addition, circ-10720 knockdown suppressed tumor growth in vivo.

Conclusions
Circ-10720 acts as a ceRNA to adsorb miR-1238 and modulate ZEB2 to facilitate the proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT of NSCLC cells.

Graphical Abstract
Trait emotional intelligence and ecological outcomes: the role of connectedness to nature
Authors: Marchetti Vanessa , Panno Angelo , Scopelliti Massimiliano , Romano Luciano , Angelini Giacomo , Rinallo Elena , Barni Daniela , Fiorilli Caterina 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Global climate change is recognized as a major and irreversible challenge for humanity, requiring people’s responsible and sustainable behaviors toward the environment. So far, the literature has widely investigated the role of cognitive determinants of ecological outcomes (e.g., pro-environmental behaviors and climate change perception), while less attention has been devoted to emotional processes, such as trait emotional intelligence (TEI). The current double study investigates whether TEI is directly and indirectly associated with climate change perception (CCP, Study 1) and pro-environmental behaviors (PEBs, Study 2) among young adults. Furthermore, the mediating role of connectedness to nature (CN), both as cognitive and emotional factors, was also analyzed. We hypothesized that CN (i.e., cognitive mediator) would positively mediate the relationship between TEI and CCP (H1), and Love and Care for Nature (LCN, i.e., emotional mediator) would positively mediate the relationship between TEI and PEBs (H2).

Methods
The study involved 342 young adults (F = 60.7%; age 19–40; Mage=22.99; SD = 2.66) in Study 1 and 365 young adults (F = 71.2%; age 17–35; Mage=22.2; SD = 3.98) in Study 2. Data were collected through an online tool shared by the snowball method. We administered the following self-reports: Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire- Short Form (TEIQue- SF), Global Climate Change (GCC), and Connectedness to Nature Scale (CNS) (Study 1); Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire- Short Form (TEIQue-SF), General Environmental Behaviors Scale (GEB), and Love and Care for Nature (LCN) (Study 2).

Results
Findings from Study 1 showed that higher TEI levels enhance CN (i.e., cognitive mediator), positively influencing CCP (estimate = 0.14; 95% CI = 0.07 to 0.23). Findings from Study 2 showed that higher TEI levels are associated with higher LCN levels (i.e., emotional mediator), influencing people’s engagement in PEBs (estimate = 0.7; 95% CI = 0.03 to 0.11).

Conclusion
It is crucial to design environmental education programs that promote greater emotional intelligence ability and encourage individuals’ involvement in ecological outcomes.
DAPS diagrams for defining Data Science projects
Authors: de Mast Jeroen , Lokkerbol Joran 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Models for structuring big-data and data-analytics projects typically start with a definition of the project’s goals and the business value they are expected to create. The literature identifies proper project definition as crucial for a project’s success, and also recognizes that the translation of business objectives into data-analytic problems is a difficult task. Unfortunately, common project structures, such as CRISP-DM, provide little guidance for this crucial stage when compared to subsequent project stages such as data preparation and modeling.

Contribution
This paper contributes structure to the project-definition stage of data-analytic projects by proposing the Data-Analytic Problem Structure (DAPS). The diagrammatic technique facilitates the collaborative development of a consistent and precise definition of a data-analytic problem, and the articulation of how it contributes to the organization’s goals. In addition, the technique helps to identify important assumptions, and to break down large ambitions in manageable subprojects.

Methods
The semi-formal specification technique took other models for problem structuring — common in fields such as operations research and business analytics — as a point of departure. The proposed technique was applied in 47 real data-analytic projects and refined based on the results, following a design-science approach.
Oxygenation and ventilation during prolonged experimental cardiopulmonary resuscitation with either continuous or 30:2 compression-to-ventilation ratios together with 10 cmH20 positive end-expiratory pressure
Authors: Kopra Jukka , Litonius Erik , Pekkarinen Pirkka T. , Laitinen Merja , Heinonen Juho A. , Fontanelli Luca , Skrifvars Markus B. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
In refractory out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, the patient is commonly transported to hospital with mechanical continuous chest compressions (CCC). Limited data are available on the optimal ventilation strategy. Accordingly, we compared arterial oxygenation and haemodynamics during manual asynchronous continuous ventilation and compressions with a 30:2 compression-to-ventilation ratio together with the use of 10 cmH2O positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP).

Methods
Intubated and anaesthetized landrace pigs with electrically induced ventricular fibrillation were left untreated for 5 min (n = 31, weight ca. 55 kg), after which they were randomized to either the CCC group or the 30:2 group with the the LUCAS® 2 piston device and bag-valve ventilation with 100% oxygen targeting a tidal volume of 8 ml/kg with a PEEP of 10 cmH2O for 35 min. Arterial blood samples were analysed every 5 min, vital signs, near-infrared spectroscopy and electrical impedance tomography (EIT) were measured continuously, and post-mortem CT scans of the lungs were obtained.

Results
The arterial blood values (median + interquartile range) at the 30-min time point were as follows: PaO2: 180 (86–302) mmHg for the 30:2 group; 70 (49–358) mmHg for the CCC group; PaCO2: 41 (29–53) mmHg for the 30:2 group; 44 (21–67) mmHg for the CCC group; and lactate: 12.8 (10.4–15.5) mmol/l for the 30:2 group; 14.7 (11.8–16.1) mmol/l for the CCC group. The differences were not statistically significant. In linear mixed models, there were no significant differences between the groups. The mean arterial pressures from the femoral artery, end-tidal CO2, distributions of ventilation from EIT and mean aeration of lung tissue in post-mortem CTs were similar between the groups. Eight pneumothoraces occurred in the CCC group and 2 in the 30:2 group, a statistically significant difference (p = 0.04).

Conclusions
The 30:2 and CCC protocols with a PEEP of 10 cmH2O resulted in similar gas exchange and vital sign outcomes in an experimental model of prolonged cardiac arrest with mechanical compressions, but the CCC protocol resulted in more post-mortem pneumothoraces.
Alterations in white matter integrity in Egyptian youth with smartphone dependence: does DTI have a role?
Authors: Reda Alaa Mohamed , Elsharkawy Ahmed , Kamel Mostafa Mamdouh , Hasby Sara Essam 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Smartphones provide various functions that facilitate our communication, organization, and entertainment in different situations. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a method measuring tissue microstructure as well as white matter integrity of the brain and detecting early changes. Several research studies recently aim to utilize conventional MRI for assessing brain structural alterations among smartphone users, but our study was aimed at identifying the DTI value while assessing white matter alterations in Egyptian youth with smartphone dependence.

Results
Our prospective case–control study involved fifty-three individuals with smart phone dependence (SPD group) as well as twenty-five volunteers who represented the control group. SPD individuals and controls were right-handed. The SPD group mean age exhibited 20.54 ± 1.56 years, while controls exhibited 26.8 ± 15.1 years. When utilizing smart phone addiction scale-short version, SPD group median total score exhibited 33. The diagnostic performance of fornix (fractional anisotropy) FA and external capsule fractional anisotropy (EC FA) regarding area under curve (AUC) exhibited significant increase as opposed to all other tested regions, with a sensitivity of 90.6% as well as a specificity of 96%. While regarding the mean diffusivity (MD), the greatest (AUC) was for EC (0.927, p < 0.001), in which the MD value = 0.825 was the cutoff value and able to diagnose the smart phone dependency with a sensitivity of 92.5% as well as a specificity of 76%.

Conclusions
Quantitative DTI parameters (FA, MD) in different white matter regions can diagnose and detect white matter changes in excessive smartphone users even when conventional MRI data are normal. This study demonstrates the recent noninvasive MRI technique value while revealing covered brain white matter alterations in Egyptian youth due to smartphone overuse.
Measuring countries relative efficiencies in using development assistance: a data envelopment analysis approach
Authors: Sakr Mohamed F. , Selim Kamal Samy , Taha Sherin Gamaleldin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDespite the presence of a considerable corpus of literature investigating the impact of aid on nations' development, the efficiency of utilizing this finite pool of development finance remains ambiguous. The main aim of this study is to address the existing research gap by examining the efficiency of utilizing such development assistance in achieving three specific Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) from 2002 to 2020 using a Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) methodology. Moreover, this study examines the theoretical underpinnings that show a correlation between the impact of aid on development and the governance and political structure of countries. The findings indicate that the efficiency of development assistance often falls short of optimal, underscoring the necessity for more attention to its administration, particularly in low-income countries. The efficiency of development assistance can be significantly enhanced by organizational improvements, resulting in a significant increase beyond 80%. The confirmation of the robustness of the findings was attained by the application of the bootstrapping methodology. Hence, it is crucial to recognize that while augmenting the levels of development assistance may hold significance, it alone may not be adequate to guarantee efficient utilization in bridging the financial gap required to meet the desired objectives of the SDGs by 2030.
Antidepressant treatment and mortality in people with comorbid depression and type 2 diabetes: UK electronic health record study
Authors: Jeffery Annie , Walters Kate , Wong Ian C. K. , Osborn David , Hayes Joseph F. 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundDepression is associated with higher rates of premature mortality in people with physical comorbidities, such as type 2 diabetes. Conceptually, the successful treatment of depression in people with type 2 diabetes could prevent premature mortality.AimsTo investigate the association between antidepressant prescribing and the rates of all-cause and cause-specific (endocrine, cardiovascular, respiratory, cancer, unnatural) mortality in individuals with comorbid depression and type 2 diabetes.MethodUsing UK primary care records between years 2000 and 2018, we completed a nested case–control study in a cohort of people with comorbid depression and type 2 diabetes who were starting oral antidiabetic treatment for the first time. We used incident density sampling to identify cases who died and matched controls who remained alive after the same number of days observation. We estimated incidence rate ratios for the association between antidepressant prescribing and mortality, adjusting for demographic characteristics, comorbidities, medication use and health behaviours.ResultsWe included 5222 cases with a recorded date of death, and 18 675 controls, observed for a median of 7 years. Increased rates of all-cause mortality were associated with any antidepressant prescribing during the observation period (incidence rate ratio 2.77, 95% CI 2.48–3.10). These results were consistent across all causes of mortality that we investigated.ConclusionsAntidepressant prescribing was highly associated with higher rates of mortality. However, we suspect that this is not a direct causal effect, but that antidepressant treatment is a marker of more severe and unsuccessfully treated depression.
Photoacoustic effect from an oscillating source in a one-dimensional resonator
Authors: Yan Xingchi , Song Siyuan , Diebold Gerald J. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Although the photoacoustic effect is most commonly generated by pulsed or amplitude modulated continuous optical sources, it is possible to generate acoustic waves by moving a constant amplitude, continuous light beam. If the light beam moves at the speed of sound, an amplification effect takes place which can be used in trace gas detection. Here, the properties of the photoacoustic effect are investigated for a continuous optical beam moving in a one-dimensional resonator. The solution shows the additive effects of sweeping the optical beam the length of the cell and back.
Honoring the Ancestors and Creator
Authors: Lee Ruthann 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Contemporary feminist scholars problematize the difficulties of creating meaningful political alliances between Indigenous and diasporic communities in settler states such as Canada and the United States. This essay uses a relational framework to trace how two feminist artists, one Indigenous and one diasporic, creatively resist the ongoing and uneven conditions of settler colonial capitalism. The essay examines artwork by Tannis Nielsen, a midcareer Indigenous artist with Métis, Anishnawbe, and Danish ancestry, and Rosa Sungjoo Park, an emerging diasporic Korean artist with landed status in Canada. Taken together, the artists’ works offer fruitful opportunities to think through difficult questions about power, history, and representation on Turtle Island. Both Nielsen and Park engage “pedagogies of the Sacred” to honor ancestral traditions and spiritual practices while disrupting binary narratives of tradition vs. modernity. I contend that their creative use of digital media draws on lived experience, embodied knowledge, and spirituality to refuse colonialism’s hyper-individualism and imagine alternative worlds.
“A Rape of the Earth”
Authors: Knobblock Ina 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This article is a Sámi feminist analysis of large-scale resource extraction in Sábme, the transnational Sámi territory spanning northern Fenno-Scandinavia and the Murmansk peninsula. Specifically, it centers on the mining of Indigenous land within the borders of the Swedish nation-state to explore the knowledge evolving from Sámi feminists engaged in the anti-mining struggle. Here, I argue that Indigenous epistemes—that is, the foregrounding of relationality and interdependency between land, humans, nonhuman beings, and the natural environment—are foundational to the research participants’ struggles against mining in Sábme. From within a Sámi knowledge system, mining entails fracturing the relational web of connection. Consequently, mining represents a multigenerational threat against the survival of Sámi body lands and lifeworlds.
Becoming “Welfare Island”
Authors: Briggs Laura 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
From the era of enslavement to contemporary structures of debt, governing entities and capital have denied state support to Puerto Ricans, demanding instead that payments flow from the archipelago first to Spain and then to the United States. While the US welfare state is notoriously stingy, even its limited benefits have never gone to Puerto Ricans on an equal basis to residents of the states. How, then, have Puerto Ricans been perennially accused of receiving too much welfare? This article argues that Puerto Rico marks the vanishing point of the coherence of the discourse of the “welfare queen” and reveals its underlying logic: it marks Black and impoverished people’s resistance, and the refusal to birth babies and raise children who are docile participants in the kind of labor force sought by capital. The “welfare queen,” generalized to the archipelago as a whole, marks rebellion and fugitivity.
Eosinophilic Granulomatous Dermatitis Due to Hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) Poisoning in a Holstein Cow
Authors: Eroksuz Y , Polat E , Akdeniz Incili C , Karabulut B , Sagliyan A , Eroksuz H 
Published: April 2024

Eosinophilic granulomatous dermatitis is reported due to Hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) consumption in a 3-year-old Holstein cow. Cow showed dermatitis over the face, neck and perineum in last 2-month of period. Biopsy samples were taken surgically by local anestesia. The lesions were characterized by multifocal eosinophilic granulomatous dermatitis. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated a marked and diffuse and immunostaining CD3, whereas CD20 and CD68 staining were not so prominent. The plant-lesion relationship was well-established. After the owner stopped feeding the vetch, skin lesions were regressed 6 months later and completely resolved 12 months.
Impact of stocking density and dietary nano-zinc supplementation on stress indicators, immunity, and DNA damage in broiler chickens
Authors: Sevim Ö , Boyacıoğlu M , Yılmaz ÖB , Aydın AK , Özdemir ÖS , Reman Temiz A , Khamseh EK , Ahsan U , Kuter E , Tatli O , Yıldırım EK 
Published: April 2024

Effects of stocking density (SD) and nano zinc on oxidative status, immune function, and DNA damage in broilers were examined in the current study. Totally 480 one-day-old male broilers (Ross 308) were randomly divided into 4 treatments each contained 8 replicates. A 2 ´ 2 factorial arrangement with two groups for dietary zinc (Zn) form (inorganic or nano) and two groups for SD (low = 12 birds/m2 and high = 18 birds/m2) was conducted. Basal diets based on the corn-soybean meal were formulated. Relative liver weight was lower (P<0.05) in broiler subjected high stocking density (HSD) but other lymphoid organ weights did not affect. Relative lymphoid organ weights were not affected by dietary nano zinc. HSD increased the serum corticosterone level of broiler (P<0.05) but did not affect the blood heterophil:lymphocyte ratio, serum glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and malondialdehyde levels. Dietary nano zinc had no effect on these stress indicators. Serum interferon-gamma, interleukin 12, and interleukin 18 levels were not affected by HSD. Dietary nano zinc tended to reduce the interferon-gamma level (P=0.05) but did not affect interleukin 12, and interleukin 18 levels in broiler. Eeither HSD or nano zinc had no effect on DNA damage in lymphocyte. In conclusion, HSD may decrease the relative lymphoid organ weights and increase the stress indicators but did not affect the immunity and DNA damage. Generally, dietary nano zinc had no effect on stress indicators, immunity, and DNA damage in broiler.