bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
El uso del cómic en Educación Primaria para la retención a largo plazo de los aprendizajes adquiridos
Authors: Lafuente Jorge Carlos 
Published: February 2025

Introducción: Se pretende contrastar si la utilización del cómic mejora el aprendizaje de los contenidos y su retención. Metodología: Participaron 66 alumnos/as de Primaria de 7 y 8 años, divididos en dos grupos: grupo control y grupo experimental (en este se utilizó viñetas propias del cómic). Se administró un pre y post test pedagógico en tres momentos: t1 previo a la intervención, t2 inmediatamente posterior y t3 dos semanas y media después. Se hallaron diferencias significativas (p-valor<0,001) entre el grupo control y el experimental en t3, obteniendo este último mejores resultados. Resultados: No se han encontrado diferencias entre los grupos en t1 ni en t2, siendo los resultados obtenidos por ambos significativamente mayores en t2 que en t1. Discusión: Se han encontrado diferencias en cuanto a la retención del aprendizaje, siendo estas más duraderas en el grupo en el que se han trabajado los cómics. Conclusiones: Los resultados indican que tras dos semanas y media de la impartición de contenidos, los alumnos que han utilizado viñetas de cómic obtienen mejores puntuaciones, que aquellos que solo han utilizado textos escritos.
A Train Driving Simulator to Enhance Railway Technology Student’s Learning Experience Using Prototype Method and OpenBVE
Authors: Domato Mea Ann E. Domato Ann E. , Gutierrez Gabriel T. , Canas Maxine Honey A , Salinas Cyril Rose R. , Sison Venerando A. , Bunag Sherlie D. , Delizo Carlo Jay G. , Aunario Connie C. , Andador Jennifer D. , Garcia Julius G. 
Published: February 2025

A Train Driving Simulator is a software application that tries to replicate the experience of operating a train. This unique equipment minimizes the expense of using actual rolling stock to teach future railway staff. The research aims to create a Train Driving Simulator with OpenBVE for Railway Technology students. The research focused on making a simulator that simulates the feeling of driving a train, which involved detailed physics modeling and control of the train. The simulator was built to be user-friendly and accessible, with features such as the 3D representation of the LRT Line 1 route and its compact, portable architecture. The simulator was built from commercial off-shelf parts and tested for usefulness, safety, and durability. The simulator's performance was tested using the TUP evaluation metrics. The research aimed to enhance the learning experience of students undergoing railway technology by providing on-site training in operating a train. The simulator will likely provide students and instructors with maximum benefit in courses like Railway Signaling, Rolling Stocks, and Railway Facilities
An Enhancement of Eigenface Algorithm Applied for Identifying Spoofing Attacks in Facial Recognition
Authors: Casison Ron Hale , Upaga Chloe Gwyneth , Guialil Jamillah , Cortez Dan Michael 
Published: February 2025

Facial recognition is a biometric authentication technology that identifies individuals using their facial features in images and videos. The rise of spoofing attacks poses significant risks, especially for facial recognition, as malicious actors are impersonating individuals by misusing their identities. The accuracy of facial recognition can be impacted by factors like face occlusions, image low-resolution, and the distance of the user's face from the camera, leading to potential misidentification. This research enhanced the Eigenface Algorithm applied to identify spoofing attacks in facial recognition. The algorithm extracts facial features and transforms them into eigenvectors for improved accuracy. Previous studies showed limitations in face detection at varying distances, prompting the incorporation of a distance-based scale in the enhanced algorithm, targeting a range of 30 cm to 60 cm from the camera. In this study, the researchers implemented OpenCV2 and stored the trained dataset in a YAML file. The dataset was generated by capturing multiple images with varying environments and distances, which were then preprocessed to resize and convert them to grayscale. Results showed a confidence level of 93.83% for the enhanced algorithm, a significant improvement from 57.38% with the existing one, and a faster average recognition time of 0.0141 seconds compared to 0.0216 seconds, demonstrating a 36.45% increase in confidence and a speed improvement of 0.0075 seconds. The distance-based scaling improves the efficiency of the Eigenface Algorithm by preventing recognition attempts at unsuitable distances, thus enhancing usability in practical applications.
Embedding the Management System Information into Circular Education System through the Smart IoT: A Front Analysis
Authors: Tsaniya Uswatul Wadhichatis , Rahaeni Putri Fauziah Eka , Candrikaningtyas Shofia , Susilo Herawati 
Published: February 2025

This research explored how to embed the management system information into circular education system through the smart IoT. Besides, the front analysis of this research aimed to determined what form of IoT that educators need to help them in organized their system information. This research involving qualitative descriptive methods to get the analytical profound through survey technic within cross sectional design. To harvest the front analysis, this research employed 54 educators from any background study within 54 different school’s department consist of public and private schools. The results show that 85.19% of respondents has been including IoT in their school activity, 5.56% occasionally used IoT, and 9.26% not using IoT yet. The majority of IoT that used are projectors, laptop and CCTV. Besides, the platform that usually used are google and YouTube. In the context of information systems management, 100% of educators argue that they need for specialized IoT that can integrate all learning information systems including learning materials, grades, attendance, and tracking students’ activities. This will enable the information systems management to be transparent and easily accessible to all stakeholders in a circular education system. Based on survey data analysis, teachers expressed a desire for a specialized platform that could involve parents more actively. Additionally, by involving parents, educational transparency can be synergized effectively, ensuring a more robust circular education system. In conclusion, this research recommends for future IoT development to create the IoT that consist of a complete school information management system, and it can be used by students, teachers, and parents, while keeping everyone's information private.
Pengenalan Perencanaan Desain Trase Baru menggunakan Software Civil 3D dan Infraworks sebagai Produk Pembelajaran Project Based Learning kepada Siswa MAN 2 Kota Madiun
Authors: Aghastya Adya , Apriliani Nurul Fitria , Astuti Septiana Widi , Nurhadi Muhamad 
Published: February 2025

Teknologi perkeretaapian yang semakin berkembang maju dan moda perkeretaapian yang cukup banyak diminati oleh masyarakat dengan berbagai kelebihannya menjadikan kereta api menjadi topik menarik untuk bahan pembelajaran. Perencanaan pembangunan prasarana perkeretaapian juga perlu di kenalkan kepada masyarakat sejak dini. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk mengenalkan beberapa perangkat lunak untuk desain dan aplikasinya dalam perkeretaapian. Tujuan kegiatan ini dapat meningkatkan pemahaman peserta terhadap aplikasi-aplikasi dan dapat mengaplikasikannya dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Peserta kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat adalah siswa MAN 2 Kota Madiun. Kegiatan dilakukan dengan beberapa metode yaitu pemaparan materi di kelas oleh narasumber, pameran yang menampilkan produk desain serta kunjungan ke lapangan. Tingkat pemahaman peserta terhadap trase kereta api, prasarana perkeretaapian dan software Civil 3D dan Infraworks sangat tinggi mencapai 90,5%.
Del concepto a la realidad: metodología integral de diseño utilizando bocetos, renders, planos técnicos e impresión 3D
Authors: Martínez Vergara Jessica Viviana , Monar Naranjo Martín Benancio , Heredia Gamboa Edgar Andrés , García Analuisa Diego Patricio 
Published: February 2025

Introducción. El diseño ha evolucionado con la incorporación de tecnologías que optimizan la representación y materialización de ideas. Desde bocetos manuales hasta renders e impresión 3D, estas herramientas permiten una visualización más precisa y realista. Esta investigación propone una metodología integral que combina bocetos, representaciones digitales, planos técnicos y modelos impresos en 3D para mejorar la comprensión y ejecución de proyectos. Este enfoque no solo optimiza la comunicación y reduce errores en las primeras etapas, sino que también integra criterios funcionales, estéticos y técnicos, favoreciendo la creación de diseños innovadores y eficientes. Objetivo. Proponer un modelo metodológico integral que optimice el uso de herramientas en el diseño, desde la conceptualización hasta la materialización del proyecto. Se busca demostrar que la combinación de técnicas tradicionales y digitales mejora el desarrollo conceptual y asegura una mayor fidelidad entre la idea inicial y el resultado final. Metodología. Esta investigación sigue un enfoque práctico basado en el análisis y creación de un objeto real, recorriendo cada etapa del proceso de diseño. Inicia con bocetos para explorar formas, proporciones y composición, luego incorpora aspectos técnicos como la selección de materiales y la generación de renders para evaluar configuraciones visuales. Finalmente, se materializa el diseño mediante impresión 3D. Esta metodología permite validar el modelo propuesto y ofrecer una guía estructurada para su aplicación en distintos contextos de diseño. Resultados. La combinación de bocetaje manual, modelado tridimensional, generación de planos técnicos y fabricación aditiva garantiza un flujo de trabajo estructurado que optimiza la precisión, funcionalidad y manufactura del producto final. Conclusión. Este enfoque no solo mejora la calidad del diseño y reduce errores en etapas tempranas, sino que también facilita la documentación técnica y la validación del prototipo. Así, se consolida como una metodología versátil y efectiva para el desarrollo de productos en diversos contextos de diseño e ingeniería. Área de estudio general: Ingeniería, Industria y Construcción. Área de estudio específica: Desarrollo de productos. Tipo de estudio: Artículos originales.
Optimizing Flammulina velutipes residue use: impact on health metrics and performance in three-yellow chickens
Authors: Li Yuanxiao , Liu Dan , Li Wang , Zhao Longmei , Cao Pinghua , Ma Yanbo , Ding Ke , Zhang Cai , Liu Ning 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionThis study investigated the effects of Flammulina velutipes residue (FVR) on performance, antioxidant function, immunity, and intestinal flora of broilers.MethodsA total of 192 one-day-old three-yellow chickens were divided into four groups of 48 chickens per group, 6 replicates per group and 8 chickens per replicate. The control group (CON) was fed a basal diet, while the remaining three groups were supplemented with FVR in the basal diet, adding 2%, 4% and 6% of the basal diet, respectively. The experiment lasted for 48 days. Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein on days 28 and 48 to determine serum biochemical indices. Caecum contents were collected on day 48 to assess flora diversity.Results and discussionNo significant differences were observed in dry matter intake (DMI), average daily gain (ADG), or feed conversion ratio (FCR) between the 2% and 4% group and the CON. However, the 6% FRV group showed significantly reduced DMI and FCR. The FVR groups exhibited significantly increased levels of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPC-PX) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), along with significantly decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Additionally, serum interleukin-1 (IL-1) levels decreased, while immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin A (IgA) and interleukin 10 (IL-10) levels significantly increased in the FVR groups. The caecal flora diversity test revealed that FVR altered the flora structure, with increased proportions of Bacteroides, Ruminococcus and Faecalibacterium in the 6% FVR groups. In conclusion, FVR can significantly enhance the antioxidant capacity and immunity of broilers and enrich the structure of intestinal flora. The impact on growth performance is limited and dosage-dependent. Further research is needed to optimize its use in poultry diets.
Non-contact tracking of shoulder bones using ultrasound and stereophotogrammetry
Authors: Sewify Ahmed , Lavaill Maxence , O’Rourke Dermot , Antico Maria , Pivonka Peter , Fontanarosa Davide , Martelli Saulo 
Published: February 2025

PurposeWe explored the integration of 3D ultrasound (US) imaging with motion capture technology for non-invasively tracking bones of the shoulder district during normal activity. Our study aimed to demonstrate ex-vivo the proposed 3D US method’s feasibility and accuracy of tracking shoulder bones in a controlled cadaveric shoulder positioned in various arm elevations (low, mid and high).MethodWe registered previously acquired full bone shapes to spatially small bony surface patches segmented from 3D US. The bone registration approach used was based on in silico analyses that investigated the effects of different — 1) registration algorithms (Iterative-Closest-Point–ICP, and Coherent Point Drift–CPD) and 2) initial estimate levels of the bone model pose relative to the targeted final bone pose—on the overall registration efficiency and accuracy in a controlled environment.ResultsCPD provided the highest accuracy in the simulation at the cost of 8x longer computation compared to ICP. The RMSE errors were &lt;1 mm for the humerus and scapula at all elevations. Ex-vivo, the CPD registration errors were (Humerus = 2 mm and Scapula = 13.9 mm) (Humerus = 7.2 mm and Scapula = 16.8 mm) and (Humerus = 14.28 mm and Scapula = 27.5 mm), for low, medium and high elevations respectively.ConclusionIn summary, we demonstrated the feasibility and accuracy of tracking shoulder bones with 3D US in a simulation and a cadaveric experiment. We discovered that CPD may be a more suitable registration method for the task than ICP. We also discussed that 3D US with motion capture technology is very promising for dynamic bone tracking, but the US technology may not be ready for the task yet.
The absolute number of circulating Treg cells is reduced in difficult-to-treat RA patients and is ameliorated by low-dose IL-2
Authors: Yan Huanhuan , Zi Xiaoyu , Yan Huer , Zhang Xiaoying , Bai Jie , Gao Chong , Li Xiaofeng , Wang Caihong 
Published: February 2025

ObjectiveCirculating regulatory T cells (Tregs) are closely related to immune tolerance and maintenance of immune homeostasis. Perhaps, there is a unique immune cell phenotype for difficult-to-treat rheumatoid arthritis (D2T RA). Low-dose interleukin-2 (IL-2) has been considered for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. This study focused on the uniqueness of D2T RA lymphocyte subsets and the feasibility of low-dose IL-2 therapy.MethodsParticipants included 1,042 RA patients who were divided into three groups according to the presence or absence of treatment and their response to treatment in the last 6 months—new group, treated group, and D2T group—and 339 healthy controls (HCs). A total of 381 patients—107, 151, and 123 in each of the three experimental groups—received low-dose IL-2 treatment [0.5 million international units (MIU) per day, subcutaneous injection from day 1 to day 5]. The absolute numbers of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets were detected by flow cytometry (FCM) and serum cytokine levels were detected by flow cytometry bead array (CBA).ResultsThe absolute number of T, CD4+ T, and Treg cells in the D2T RA group was lower than that in the HC, new, and treated RA groups. Compared with the HC and new RA group, the ratio of Th17/Treg cells in the D2T RA group increased. The new, treated, and D2T RA groups had higher cytokine levels than the HC. The number of Treg cells in RA patients was negatively correlated with the disease activity index. Treg cells in the new, treated, and D2T RA groups could be increased by low-dose IL-2 therapy without any side effects.ConclusionsThe number of lymphocytes and subsets in D2T RA patients was reduced, especially Treg cells, resulting in a shift in the balance of effector T cells/Treg cells toward effector T cells, which is ameliorated by low-dose IL-2 without obvious side effects.
BAFF and APRIL immunotherapy following Bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccination enhances protection against pulmonary tuberculosis in mice
Authors: Xie Min , Tsai Chen-Yu , Woo Joshua , Nuritdinov Frank , Cristaldo Melissa , Odjourian Narineh M. , Antilus-Sainte Rosleine , Dougher Maureen , Gengenbacher Martin 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionBacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG), the only tuberculosis vaccine currently in clinical use, provides inadequate long-term protection. Administered at birth, BCG induces broad immune responses against a large number of antigens shared with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), but protection wanes over time. We have previously shown that unconventional B cell subsets play a role in tuberculosis control.MethodsHigh-dimensional flow cytometry and multiplex cytokine analysis were employed to investigate the effects of immunotherapy on BCG-vaccinated mice in an Mtb challenge model.ResultsIn this study, we investigate the potential of recombinant cytokines targeting B cells – B-cell activating factor (BAFF) and A proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) – to modulate BCG immunity and improve protection in mice. Both cytokines play overlapping roles in B cell development and peripheral survival. Following subcutaneous BCG vaccination, immunotherapy with BAFF or APRIL resulted in an increased frequency of unconventional B cells potentially transitioning into antibody-producing plasma cells. Concurrently, we observed an increased frequency of central memory T cells, a subset critical for protective immunity. Changes in cellular immune responses were accompanied by reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine profiles and a contraction of the leukocyte population in lungs. Importantly, mice receiving BCG vaccination followed by BAFF or APRIL immunotherapy exhibited superior long-term protection against pulmonary tuberculosis relative to controls that received only BCG.ConclusionIn summary, our findings demonstrate that combining BCG vaccination with B cell targeted immunomodulatory therapies can improve long-term protection against pulmonary tuberculosis, highlighting the continued relevance and underutilized potential of BCG as a vaccine platform.
Influence of the polysaccharide capsule on virulence and fitness of Klebsiella pneumoniae
Authors: Zierke Lisa , Mourad Rodi , Kohler Thomas P. , Müsken Mathias , Hammerschmidt Sven 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionThe capsular polysaccharide (CPS) of pathogenic bacteria is a critical virulence factor, often evading phagocytosis by host immune cells, while also interfering with the contact of the pathogen with host cells and contributing to biofilm formation. Klebsiella pneumoniae, a Gram-negative human pathogen associated with high antimicrobial resistances, produces 77 CPS serotypes. The CPS masks proteinaceous factors but also protects K. pneumoniae from uptake by host phagocytic cells and activation of the complement system. In addition to nosocomial, urinary tract and bloodstream infections or pneumonia hypervirulent strains have a highly mucoid phenotype and can cause soft tissue infections, liver abscesses, and meningitis as well. The CPS is therefore crucial for both escaping detection by the immune system and enhancing the virulence potential.MethodsIn this study, we generated a non-encapsulated mutant (Kpn2146∆wza) to observe how the CPS interferes with K. pneumoniae adhesion, survival in blood, and invasiveness in an experimental infection model.ResultsInfection of A549 lung epithelial cells showed similar adherence levels for the wild-type and non-capsulated strain, while our data showed a moderately higher internalization of Kpn2146Δwza when compared to the wild-type. In whole blood killing assays, we demonstrate that the K. pneumoniae capsule is essential for survival in human blood, protecting K. pneumoniae against recognition and clearance by the human immune system, as well as complement-mediated opsonization and killing. The non-encapsulated mutant, in contrast, was unable to survive in either whole blood or human plasma. Infections of Galleria mellonella larvae showed a significantly decreased virulence potential of the CPS-deficient mutant.DiscussionIn conclusion, our data indicate a crucial role of CPS in vivo.
Loudness dependence of the auditory evoked potential: temporal stability, associations to sociodemographic variables, and functional significance—implications for clinical research
Authors: Andersson Stein , Rygvold Trine Waage , Hatlestad-Hall Christoffer 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionThe loudness dependence of the auditory evoked potential (LDAEP) has been suggested as a biomarker for central serotonergic function, and as such a proxy for serotonin related psychiatric symptomatology and intervention outcome, particularly in depression. This study aims to explore LDAEP characteristics in a large healthy population by assessing its test–retest reliability and examining associations with sociodemographic variables, psychological distress, and performance-based cognitive function.MethodsOur sample included 100 healthy adults whose LDAEP was measured and correlated with age, sex, self-reported psychological distress, and cognitive performance.ResultsParticipants examined twice (n = 38) showed high test-retest reliability with intraclass correlations (ICCs) between 0.67 and 0.89 over a 2-to-3-month interval. Furthermore, the magnitude of the LDAEP was significantly higher in women than men, and female hormonal contraceptive users exhibited higher LDAEP than non-users. In females, age was inversely correlated with LDAEP. However, no significant associations were found between LDAEP and measures of psychological distress, including depressive symptoms, nor with cognitive test performance.DiscussionThese results underline LDAEP's reliability as a biomarker over time, but also highlight age, sex and hormonal contraceptive use as significant factors influencing the LDAEP. Future research in clinical population should take these results into account, with an emphasis on providing the necessary sample sizes for relevant sub-group analyses.