bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Robust-optimal control of rotary inverted pendulum control through fuzzy descriptor-based techniques
Authors: Pham Duc-Binh , Dao Quy-Thinh , Bui Ngoc-Tam , Nguyen Thi-Van-Anh 
Published: March 2024

AbstractExpanding upon the well-established Takagi–Sugeno (T–S) fuzzy model, the T–S fuzzy descriptor model emerges as a robust and flexible framework. This article introduces the development of optimal and robust-optimal controllers grounded in the principles of stability control and fuzzy descriptor systems. By transforming complicated inequalities into linear matrix inequalities (LMI), we establish the essential conditions for controller construction, as delineated in theorems. To substantiate the utility of these controllers, we employ the rotary inverted pendulum as a testbed. Through diverse simulation scenarios, these controllers, rooted in fuzzy descriptor systems, demonstrate their practicality and effectiveness in ensuring the stable control of inverted pendulum systems, even in the presence of uncertainties within the model. This study highlights the adaptability and robustness of fuzzy descriptor-based controllers, paving the way for advanced control strategies in complex and uncertain environments.
Exploring the effect of different typical plant community on human stress reduction: a field experiment
Authors: Yao Wenfei , Luo Qingzi , Zhang Xiaofeng , Zhuo Chen , Mi Longfei 
Published: March 2024

AbstractResearch has demonstrated the positive effect of natural environment on human restoration and well-being. Time spent in nature can often alleviate both physiological and psychological stress. However, few studies have discussed the environmental health effects of the nature’s components and characteristics. Sixty volunteers were recruited and one manufactured environment and five different natural environments were randomly assigned to them, including coniferous forests (pure coniferous forest-PC and mixed coniferous forest-MC), broad-leaved forests (pure broad-leaved forest-PB and mixed broad-leaved forest-MB), and mixed forest (mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest-MCB). Each volunteer sat in a built or natural environment and looked around the environment for 15 min. Physiological (HR, HRV, BP, pulse rate and salivary cortisol) and psychological indicators (POMS and STAI) were used to evaluate the changes in their stress level. Results indicated a strong difference in HR, HRV, POMS and STAI between the built and natural environment, which showed that natural environment can lower the stress level. MC had the best effect on relieving physiological stress, whereas MCB is most successful in improving emotional state and reducing anxiety. Broad-leaved forest and mixed forest significantly affected the DBP and vigor level of the subjects, respectively. While coniferous forest did significantly increase the concentration of salivary cortisol in subjects. The study confirmed that compared to the built environment, the natural environment can relieve the human body's physical and psychological stress and negative emotions, while significantly increasing vitality. And different plant communities also have different effects on the physiological and psychological indicators of the subjects. These results will provide scientific basis for the construction and improvement of urban green space environment.
Cold-water coral energy reserves and calcification in contrasting fjord environments
Authors: Beck Kristina K. , Schmidt-Grieb Gertraud M. , Kayser Antonia S. , Wendels Janine , Kler Lago Alexandra , Meyer Stefanie , Laudien Jürgen , Häussermann Vreni , Richter Claudio , Wall Marlene 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe relationship between energy reserves of cold-water corals (CWCs) and their physiological performance remains largely unknown. In addition, it is poorly understood how the energy allocation to different metabolic processes might change with projected decreasing food supply to the deep sea in the future. This study explores the temporal and spatial variations of total energy reserves (proteins, carbohydrates and lipids) of the CWC Desmophyllum dianthus and their correlation with its calcification rate. We took advantage of distinct horizontal and vertical physico-chemical gradients in Comau Fjord (Chile) and examined the changes in energy reserves over one year in an in situ reciprocal transplantation experiment (20 m vs. 300 m and fjord head vs. mouth). Total energy reserves correlated positively with calcification rates. The fast-growing deep corals had higher and less variable energy reserves, while the slower-growing shallow corals showed pronounced seasonal changes in energy reserves. Novel deep corals (transplanted from shallow) were able to quickly increase both their calcification rates and energy reserves to similar levels as native deep corals. Our study shows the importance of energy reserves in sustaining CWC growth in spite of aragonite undersaturated conditions (deep corals) in the present, and potentially also future ocean.
Quality characteristics, lysozyme activity, and albumen viscosity of fresh hatching duck eggs after a week's storage at various temperatures
Authors: Wlaźlak Sebastian , Brzycka Zuzanna , Ragus Weronika , Banaszak Mirosław , Grabowicz Małgorzata 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe study aimed to analyze the qualitative features of Cherry Valley duck’ hatching eggs during storage at different temperatures. Eggs were divided into 3 equal groups with 30 eggs each: fresh egg and stored at 7 °C and 17 °C within one week. Qualitative analyses of duck eggs were carried out, considering the morphological composition, physicochemical characteristics, lysozyme activity, and albumen viscosity. The highest weight of yolk and its percentage was found in the 17 °C group. The weight and percentage of albumen were significantly the highest in the group of fresh eggs. Higher egg weight loss was observed in the group stored at higher temperatures. Higher thick albumen height and Haugh units were found in fresh eggs and eggs stored at 7 °C. Different temperatures of egg storage did not affect lysozyme activity in thick and thin albumen. Stored eggs were characterized by lower albumen viscosity only at a shear rate of 10 rpm. The higher viscosity of thick albumen compared to thin ones was demonstrated at 10 and 20 rpm shear rates. The presented research results indicate a large diversity of selected qualitative indicators of hatching duck eggs, which may affect their storage and suitability for incubation.
Association between systemic immunity-inflammation index and hypertension in US adults from NHANES 1999–2018
Authors: Chen Ying , Li Yanping , Liu Mengqiong , Xu Wenxing , Tong Shan , Liu Kai 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHypertension is a disease closely related to inflammation, and the systemic immunity-inflammation index (SII) is a new and easily detectable inflammatory marker. We aimed to investigate the association between SII and hypertension risk in a adult population in the US. We utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey spanning from 1999 to 2018, incorporating comprehensive information from adults reporting hypertension. This included details on blood pressure monitoring, complete blood cell counts, and standard biochemical results. The SII was computed as the platelet count multiplied by the neutrophil count divided by the lymphocyte count. We employed a weighted multivariate logistic regression model to examine the correlation between SII and hypertension. Subgroup analyses were conducted to explore potential influencing factors. Furthermore, smooth curve fitting and two-piecewise logistic regression analysis were employed to describe non-linear relationships and identify inflection points. This population-based study involved 44,070 adults aged 20–85 years. Following Ln-transformation of the SII, multivariable logistic regression revealed that, in a fully adjusted model, participants in the highest quartile of Ln(SII) had a 12% increased risk of hypertension compared to those in the lowest quartile, which was statistically significant (OR:1.12; 95% CI 1.01, 1.24; P < 0.001), with a P for trend = 0.019. Subgroup analysis indicated no significant interactions between Ln(SII) and specific subgroups except for the body mass index subgroup (all P for interaction > 0.05). Additionally, the association between Ln(SII) and hypertension displayed a U-shaped curve, with an inflection point at 5.89 (1000 cells/μl). Based on this research result, we found a U-shaped correlation between elevated SII levels and hypertension risk in American adults, with a inflection point of 5.89 (1000 cells)/μl). To validate these findings, larger scale prospective surveys are needed to support the results of this study and investigate potential mechanisms.
A mathematical model for the transmission of co-infection with COVID-19 and kidney disease
Authors: Hye Md. Abdul , Biswas Md. Haider Ali , Uddin Mohammed Forhad , Rahman Md. M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe world suffers from the acute respiratory syndrome COVID-19 pandemic, which will be scary if other co-existing illnesses exacerbate it. The co-occurrence of the COVID-19 virus with kidney disease has not been available in the literature. So, further research needs to be conducted to reveal the transmission dynamics of COVID-19 and kidney disease. This study aims to create mathematical models to understand how COVID-19 interacts with kidney diseases in specific populations. Therefore, the initial step was to formulate a deterministic Susceptible-Infected-Recovered (SIR) mathematical model to depict the co-infection dynamics of COVID-19 and kidney disease. A mathematical model with seven compartments has been developed using nonlinear ordinary differential equations. This model incorporates the invariant region, disease-free and endemic equilibrium, along with the positivity solution. The basic reproduction number, calculated via the next-generation matrix, allows us to assess the stability of the equilibrium. Sensitivity analysis is also utilised to understand the influence of each parameter on disease spread or containment. The results show that a surge in COVID-19 infection rates and the existence of kidney disease significantly enhances the co-infection risks. Numerical simulations further clarify the potential outcomes of treating COVID-19 alone, kidney disease alone, and co-infected cases. The study of the potential model can be utilised to maximise the benefits of simulation to minimise the global health complexity of COVID-19 and kidney disease.
Evolving winter atmospheric teleconnection patterns and their potential triggers across western North America
Authors: Lee Jueun , Wang S.-Y. Simon , Son Seok-Woo , Kim Daehyun , Jeong Jee-Hoon , Kim Hyungjun , Yoon Jin-Ho 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe present a comprehensive analysis diagnosing the primary factors driving the observed changes in major atmospheric teleconnection patterns in the Northern Hemisphere winter, including the Pacific North American pattern (PNA), North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), and North American winter dipole (NAWD), with particular focus on their roles in shaping anomalous weather across North America. Our investigation reveals a consistent influence of the NAWD over seven decades, contrasting with fluctuating impacts from PNA and minor impacts from NAO. In particular, an emergent negative correlation between the NAWD and PNA, signaling a shifted phase of teleconnection patterns, is identified. Such a relationship change is traced to enhanced upper-level ridges across western North America, reflecting a reinforced winter stationary wave. Through attribution analysis, we identify greenhouse gas emissions as a probable driver for the northward drift of the Asia-Pacific jet core, which, aided by orographic lifting over the Alaskan Range, subsequently amplifies the winter stationary wave across western North America. This work emphasizes the pronounced effect of human-induced global warming on the structure and teleconnection of large-scale atmospheric circulation in the Northern Hemisphere winter, providing vital perspectives on the dynamics of current climate trends.
The cortical representation of language timescales is shared between reading and listening
Authors: Chen Catherine , Dupré la Tour Tom , Gallant Jack L. , Klein Daniel , Deniz Fatma 
Published: March 2024

AbstractLanguage comprehension involves integrating low-level sensory inputs into a hierarchy of increasingly high-level features. Prior work studied brain representations of different levels of the language hierarchy, but has not determined whether these brain representations are shared between written and spoken language. To address this issue, we analyze fMRI BOLD data that were recorded while participants read and listened to the same narratives in each modality. Levels of the language hierarchy are operationalized as timescales, where each timescale refers to a set of spectral components of a language stimulus. Voxelwise encoding models are used to determine where different timescales are represented across the cerebral cortex, for each modality separately. These models reveal that between the two modalities timescale representations are organized similarly across the cortical surface. Our results suggest that, after low-level sensory processing, language integration proceeds similarly regardless of stimulus modality.
High-flux bright x-ray source from femtosecond laser-irradiated microtapes
Authors: Shen Xiaofei , Pukhov Alexander , Qiao Bin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBetatron x-ray sources from laser-plasma interaction are characterized by compactness, ultrashort duration, broadband spectrum and micron source size. However, high-quality measurements with good statistics, especially in a single shot, require fluxes and energies beyond the current capabilities. Here, we propose a method to enhance the flux and brightness of the betatron sources without increasing the laser energy. By irradiating an edge of a microtape target with a femtosecond laser, a strong surface plasma wave (SPW) is excited at the edge and travels along the lateral plasma-vacuum interfaces. Tens of nC of electrons are peeled off and accelerated to superponderomotive energies by the longitudinal field of the SPW, whilst undergoing transverse betatron oscillations, leading to emission of hard x-rays. Via three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations, we demonstrate that a tabletop 100 TW class femtosecond laser can produce an ultrabright hard x-ray pulse with flux up to 107 photons eV−1 and brilliance about 1023 photons s−1 mm−2 mrad−2 0.1%BW−1, paving the way for single-shot x-ray measurements in ultrafast science and high-energy-density physics.
Er3+-activated Ba2V2O7 upconversion nanosheets for dual-mode temperature sensing
Authors: Samal Satish Kumar , Kulkarni Sahana , Yadav Jyoti , Naidu Boddu S. 
Published: March 2024

Downshifting and upconversion photoluminescence properties of Ba2V2O7:Er3+ nanosheets are investigated. Temperature-dependent luminescence intensity ratios of thermally coupled as well as non-thermally coupled levels are used for temperature sensing.
Molecular prevalence and subtype distribution of Blastocystis spp. among children who have diarrheia or are asymptomatic in Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
Authors: Zhao Wei , Ren Guangxu , Wang Long , Xie Lisha , Wang Jiayang , Mao Jialiang , Sun Yanbin , Lu Gang , Huang Huicong 
Published: March 2024

Blastocystis sp., a significant zoonotic parasite with a global distribution, was the focus of this study, which aimed to investigate its prevalence and genetic diversity among diarrheic and asymptomatic children in Wenzhou, China. We collected 1,032 fecal samples from Yuying Children’s Hospital, Wenzhou, China, comprising 684 from children with diarrhea and 348 from asymptomatic children. Genomic DNA extracted from these samples was used to detect Blastocystis spp. by PCR, targeting the small subunit ribosomal RNA gene. Subsequently, a phylogenetic tree was constructed, applying the maximum likelihood method. Blastocystis spp. were detected in 67 (6.5%) of the fecal samples. The prevalence rate of Blastocystis spp. in diarrheic children (8.8%; 60/684) was significantly higher than that in asymptomatic children (2.0%; 7/348) (χ
2 = 17.3, p < 0.001). Sequence analysis of the SSU rRNA gene identified five known Blastocystis spp. subtypes, ST1 (n = 12), ST2 (n = 5), ST3 (n = 35), ST4 (n = 12), and ST7 (n = 3). ST1 and ST3 were present in both diarrheic and asymptomatic children, while ST2, ST4, and ST7 were exclusive to diarrheic children. Intra-subtype genetic polymorphisms were identified, comprising four variations in ST1 (ST1-1 to ST1-4), five in ST3 (ST3-1 to ST3-5), two in ST4 (ST4-1 and ST4-2), and two in ST7 (ST7-1 and ST7-2). Notably, ST1-2 to ST1-4, ST3-3 to ST3-5, and ST7-1 and ST7-2 represent newly identified variations. The composition and genetic characteristics of subtypes among children in this region suggest various sources of infection, including human-to-human and animal-to-human transmission.
Community-bezogene Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung: Förderung
digitaler Gesundheitskompetenz bei Menschen in prekären
Lebenslagen
Authors: Wrona Kamil J. , Heckes Kolja , Aschentrup Leona , Fischer Florian 
Published: March 2024

ZusammenfassungDie rasant fortschreitende digitale Transformation eröffnet innovative
Möglichkeiten zur Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung, insbesondere durch
soziotechnische Innovationen. Digital unterstützte Interventionen dienen als
erweiternde Werkzeuge zur Verbreitung gesundheitsrelevanter Informationen und
zur Förderung des individuellen Empowerments und der Selbstwirksamkeit. Trotz
ihres Potentials sind digitale Medien in der Community-bezogenen Prävention und
Gesundheitsförderung mit Herausforderungen konfrontiert, wie der Notwendigkeit
einer niedrigschwelligen Gestaltung und der Berücksichtigung technologischer
Akzeptanzfaktoren. Menschen in prekären Lebenslagen, die häufig mit
eingeschränktem Zugang und geringerer digitaler Kompetenz konfrontiert sind,
könnten von zielgerichteten, an ihren spezifischen Bedarfen und Bedürfnissen
ausgerichteten Maßnahmen profitieren. Gleichzeitig gilt es die Risiken einer
unzureichenden digitalen Gesundheitskompetenz hervorzuheben, die sich negativ
auf die Gesundheit auswirken können. Die Förderung der digitalen
Gesundheitskompetenz erscheint daher als ein wesentliches Instrument zur
Verbesserung der Gesundheitssituation von Menschen in prekären Lebenslagen.
Dieser Artikel plädiert für eine evidenzbasierte und zielgerichtete
Weiterentwicklung von digitalen Interventionen zur Gesundheitsförderung, die auf
die Bedürfnisse von Menschen in prekären Lebenslagen abgestimmt sind, und betont
die zentrale Rolle der digitalen Gesundheitskompetenz in diesem Prozess.
Beispielhaft wird hierfür die Gruppe der Frühen Hilfen in den Blick
genommen.
Role of EBUS-TBNA in Mediastinal Staging of NSCLC Patients
Authors: Gala Kunal B. , Shetty Nitin S. , Rao Saketh , Pramesh C.S. , Jiwnani Sabita , Kumar Virendra , Tandon Sandeep , Bhasker Maheema , Khushal Rajiv , Kulkarni Suyash 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose Mediastinal staging in non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is essential for appropriate treatment. Invasive mediastinal staging is necessary and mediastinoscopy has been the gold standard, but it is associated with morbidity. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of endobronchial ultrasonography transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA), compare it with mediastinoscopy, and assess the endosonographic features of lymph nodes for prediction of metastasis.
Methods This is a retrospective study of 200 patients with NSCLC who underwent EBUS-TBNA from January 2017 to December 2019. The patients with potentially resectable NSCLC who underwent EBUS-TBNA were included. Standard definitions of sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value (NPV), positive predictive value (PPV), and diagnostic accuracy were used to determine the diagnostic performance of EBUS-TBNA.
Results A total of 200 patients and 616 nodes were studied, out of which 515 were benign and 101 were malignant. Out of 200 cases, 129 (64.5%) had <N2 disease, 59 (29.5%) had N2 disease, and 12 (6%) had N3 disease. EBUS-TBNA had a sensitivity of 78.87%, specificity of 96.12%, NPV of 89.2%, PPV of 91.8%, and accuracy of 90%. Ultrasonography (USG) features of 297 nodes were available and statistical significance was seen in rounded shape, size greater than 10 mm, ill-defined nodal margins, absence of hilum, and hypoechoic echotexture (p < 0.05).
Conclusion EBUS-TBNA is a safe and efficacious procedure for mediastinal sampling of NSCLC patients. Familiarity with endosonographic features of lymph nodes, which can predict malignancy in nodes, may further improve the yield of EBUS-TBNA and reduce under-staging.
Mid-infrared dual-comb spectroscopy with quantum cascade lasers
Authors: Hayden Jakob , Geiser Markus , Gianella Michele , Horvath Raphael , Hugi Andreas , Sterczewski Lukasz , Mangold Markus 
Published: March 2024

Since its invention in 1994, the quantum cascade laser (QCL) has emerged as a versatile light source of wavelength 4–12 µm, covering most of the mid- and long-wavelength infrared spectral ranges. Its application range has widened even further since frequency comb operation and its use as a light source for dual-comb spectroscopy (DCS) was demonstrated. In this tutorial, we introduce the unique properties of QCL frequency combs, such as high optical power, multi-GHz repetition rate, and narrow optical linewidths. Implemented in a dual-comb spectroscopy setup, this allows for broadband, low-noise measurements of strongly absorbing samples with sub-microsecond time resolution, and spectral resolution better than 10−3 cm−1/30 MHz. The advantages of QCL DCS will be discussed in the context of its broad range of applications. The high optical power (both total and per comb tooth) is leveraged for measurements in aqueous solution or at large stand-off distances. Microsecond temporal resolution measurements address the demand for probing rapid protein dynamics and combustion diagnostics. MHz-level spectral resolution, in turn, facilitates accurate line parameter studies in low pressure and cold molecular gases. Future development directions of the technology are discussed, including sub-microsecond response DCS, instrument miniaturization, or its expansion toward THz frequencies. Overall, the tutorial aims at giving a broad introduction to QCL DCS and its applications.