bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extended passaging, but not aldehyde dehydrogenase activity, increases the chondrogenic potential of human adipose‐derived adult stem cells
Authors: Estes Bradley T. , Wu Arthur W. , Storms Robert W. , Guilak Farshid 
Published: September 2006

AbstractAdipose‐derived adult stem (ADAS) cells represent an abundant population of multipotent mesodermal cells residing in various adipose tissue depots. ADAS cell preparations appear heterogeneous, yet at a clonal level, greater than 50% of these cells exhibit multilineage differentiation potential. To date, there have been few attempts to define prospectively a homogenous population of multipotent cells. In this study, we investigated whether aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) can be used to enrich ADAS cells with increased chondrogenic potential. ALDH has been previously used to isolate primitive hematopoietic progenitors and has been implicated in early neurogenesis. Human ADAS cells were purified based on ALDH activity, and the cells were expanded and induced for chondrogenic differentiation using BMP‐6 in a 3‐D alginate culture. No significant differences in chondrogenic potential were observed in the ALDH‐positive cells compared to unsorted controls. In contrast, significant differences were noted between cells assayed at passage 4 (P4) and cells assayed at passage 9 (P9). Following BMP‐6 induction, AGC1 gene expression in P9 cells increased 290‐fold over P4 cells. Similarly, COL2A1 expression in P9 cells increased fivefold compared to P4 cells, while COL10A1 levels remained unchanged. Immunohistochemical analysis over 28 days revealed consistent findings at the protein level for collagen II, collagen X, and aggrecan. No changes in telomerase activity were detected across passage, suggesting that ADAS cells retain some level of “stemness” in monolayer culture. These findings suggest that the chondrogenic potential of ADAS cells increases with passage number, although ALDH may not be a suitable marker for chondrogenesis. J. Cell. Physiol. 209: 987–995, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Reduction of p66Shc suppresses oxidative damage in retinal pigmented epithelial cells and retina
Authors: Wu Zhihao , Rogers Brian , Kachi Shu , Hackett Sean F. , Sick Anna , Campochiaro Peter A. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThe largest isoform of the Shc adapter protein, p66Shc, has been implicated in oxidative damage‐induced apoptosis in vital organs, because mice deficient in p66Shc have a 30% increase in life span and are resistant to the lethal effects of systemically administered paraquat, a source of severe oxidative damage. In this study, we utilized siRNA directed against the CH2 domain of Shc, to reduce p66Shc, but not p52Shc nor p46Shc in retinal pigmented epithelial (RPE) cells. RPE cells deficient in p66Shc had reduced susceptibility to oxidative stress‐induced apoptosis. Compared to control cells, those with reduced p66Shc had increased basal and oxidative stress‐induced NF‐κB transcriptional activity, increased levels of antioxidant enzymes, and less generation of reactive oxygen species when challenged with H2O2. The increase in oxidative stress‐induced NF‐κB activity was mediated by activation of ERK. Compared to eyes injected with GFP siRNA, those injected with p66Shc siRNA showed less loss of retinal function as assessed by electroretinograms from paraquat‐induced oxidative stress. These data suggest that p66Shc and molecular signals involved in its regulation provide therapeutic targets for retinal degenerations in which oxidative‐damage plays a major role, including age‐related macular degeneration and cone cell death in retinitis pigmentosa. J. Cell. Physiol. 209: 996–1005, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Rap1 and p38 MAPK mediate 8‐chloro‐cAMP‐induced growth inhibition in mouse fibroblast DT cells
Authors: Ahn Young‐Ho , Han Jee Hae , Hong Seung Hwan 
Published: September 2006

Abstract8‐Cl‐cAMP, which is known to induce differentiation, growth inhibition, and apoptosis in various cancer cells, has been investigated as a putative anti‐cancer drug. Previously, we reported that 8‐Cl‐cAMP and its metabolite 8‐Cl‐adenosine induce growth inhibition and apoptosis through p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation. To further investigate the signal mechanisms that regulate the cellular effects of 8‐Cl‐cAMP, we focused on a small GTPase Rap1 that is known to be involved in growth inhibition and reverse‐transformation. 8‐Cl‐cAMP and 8‐Cl‐adenosine could increase Rap1 activity, which was blocked by ABT702—an adenosine kinase inhibitor. This suggests that 8‐Cl‐cAMP‐induced Rap1 activation is also dependent on the metabolic degradation of 8‐Cl‐cAMP. Overexpression of a constitutively active mutant form of Rap1 (Rap1V12) attenuated cellular growth and soft‐agar colony formation, which was basically the same effect as that observed with the 8‐Cl‐cAMP treatment. Furthermore, the Rap1V12 transfectant showed a high level of p38 MAPK activation. However, 8‐Cl‐cAMP‐induced Rap1 activation was not diminished by SB203580, a p38 MAPK inhibitor, suggesting that Rap1 activation might act upstream of p38 MAPK activation during 8‐Cl‐cAMP‐induced growth inhibition. J. Cell. Physiol. 209: 1039–1045, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Tissue characterization of myocardial infarction using T1ρ: Influence of contrast dose and time of imaging after contrast administration
Authors: Huber Steffen , Muthupillai Raja , Lambert Brenda , Pereyra Mercedes , Napoli Alicia , Flamm Scott D. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractPurposeTo determine whether contrast between acutely infarcted and normal myocardia in T1‐rho‐weighted cine TFE (T1ρ‐TFE) and delayed‐enhancement (DE) images (measured using a metric percent enhancement (PE)) varied with the dose or time of imaging after contrast administration.Materials and MethodsEighteen patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) were randomly divided into three groups according to the dose of gadoversetamide (0.1, 0.2, or 0.3 mmol/kg) administered. After contrast administration, T1ρ‐TFE images were acquired at five and 40 minutes, and DE images were acquired at 10 and 30 minutes.ResultsFor T1ρ‐TFE imaging the PE values at 40 minutes were 70 ± 14, 98 ± 14, and 105 ± 41 at 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 mmol/kg dose levels, which were significantly greater than the corresponding PEs at five minutes after contrast administration (44 ± 12, 71 ±14, and 36 ± 13). For DE and T1ρ‐TFE imaging the dose of contrast agent did not significantly affect the PE. However, with DE the PE tended to increase with the dose. At all dose levels, irreversible injury was more conspicuous in T1ρ‐TFE images acquired at 40 minutes than at five minutes after contrast.ConclusionIn T1ρ‐TFE, acute infarction was more conspicuous in images acquired at a later time point, and the PE did not vary with the contrast dose. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A novel lipopathic Cr(VI) oxidant for organic substrates: Kinetic study of oxidation of benzyl alcohol
Authors: Patel Sabita , Mishra B. K. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractA novel lipopathic oxidizing agent, cetyltrimethylammonium dichromate, was used for oxidation of benzyl alcohol in various organic solvents and in surfactant systems. The reaction kinetics was investigated with change in [acid], [substrate], [oxidant], [surfactant], and temperature. The rate constant values led to propose that the reaction occurs in a reversed micellar system produced by the oxidant, akin to an enzymatic environment. The rate variation with variation in [surfactant] and solvent isotope effect suggest that the path of reaction to be through the formation of an ester complex, the decomposition of which is the rate‐determining step. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 38: 651–656, 2006
Correlation analysis of reactivity in the oxidation of anilines by nicotinium dichromate in nonaqueous media
Authors: Bhuvaneshwari D. S. , Elango K. P. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThe kinetics of oxidation of 15 para‐ and meta‐substituted anilines by nicotinium dichromate (NDC) in different organic solvent media in the presence of p‐toluenesulfonic acid (TsOH) has been investigated. The rate of the reaction is zero order with respect to substrate, first order in NDC, and is found to increase with increase in [TsOH]. The various thermodynamic parameters for the oxidation have been reported and discussed along with the validity of the isokinetic relationship. The specific rate of oxidizing species‐anilines reaction (k2) correlates with Hammett's substituent constants affording negative reaction constants. The effect of para‐ and meta‐substituents on the oxidation rates confirms to Swain et al.'s substituent constants F and R, both with negative reaction constants. The rate data failed to correlate with macroscopic solvent parameters such as εr and E while showing satisfactory correlation with Kamlet–Taft's solvatochromic parameters (α, β, and π*). © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 38: 657–665, 2006
Kinetic compensation effects observed during oxidation of carbon monoxide on γ‐alumina supported palladium, platinum, and rhodium metal catalysts: Toward a mechanistic explanation
Authors: Galwey Andrew K. , Bettany David G. , Mortimer Michael 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThe kinetic compensation effect (KCE) is a well‐known behavior pattern wherein a set of related reactions show a linear relationship between the calculated Arrhenius parameters, log10AandEa. Although various theoretical explanations have been advanced, none has yet found general acceptance. The present paper reports multiple rate measurements for the heterogeneously catalyzed oxidation of CO on several identically prepared samples of supported noble metal (Pd, Pt, or Rh) catalysts. Distinctive KCEs were observed for all three metals; these are discussed with reference to a new parameter, the degree of compensation (κ), which quantitatively measures deviation from the ideal isokinetic relationship (κ = 1.00 KCE). For carbon monoxide oxidation on each of the three metals, κ was greater than 0.85 KCE, regarded as significant compensation. These KCEs are discussed in the context of published kinetic and mechanistic studies of CO oxidation, from which a theoretical explanation of the observed pattern of rate characteristics is proposed. Overall kinetic control is ascribed to a common dominant, rate‐determining process on each metal, resulting in approximately isokinetic behavior. Temperature‐dependent secondary controls are identified as modifying the kinetics of surface reactions involving adsorbed intermediates, and thus the apparent magnitudes of Arrhenius parameters. Different contributions from secondary controls, between the individual reactions of each set, are attributed to temperature‐determined variations of concentrations, equilibria, and mobilities of adsorbed participants in the (dominant) rate‐controlling process. A modified Arrhenius equation, applicable to KCE reaction sets, is suggested in which the preexponential term varies with temperature. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 38: 689–702, 2006
Ubiquitin–proteasome system and Parkinson's disease
Authors: Olanow C. Warren , McNaught Kevin St. P. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractIncreasing genetic, pathological, and experimental evidence suggest that neurodegeneration in both familial and sporadic forms of Parkinson's disease (PD) may be related to a defect in the capacity of the ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS) to clear unwanted proteins, resulting in protein accumulation, aggregation, and cytotoxicity. This concept is supported by in vitro and in vivo laboratory experiments which show that inhibition of UPS function can cause neurodegeneration coupled with the formation of Lewy body–like inclusions. This hypothesis could account for the presence of protein aggregates and Lewy bodies in PD, the other biochemical features seen in the disorder, and the age‐related vulnerability of the substantia nigra pars compacta. It also suggests novel targets for putative neuroprotective therapies for PD. © 2006 Movement Disorder Society
Effect of deep brain subthalamic stimulation on camptocormia and postural abnormalities in idiopathic Parkinson's disease
Authors: Hellmann Mark A. , Djaldetti Ruth , Israel Zvi , Melamed Eldad 
Published: September 2006

AbstractCamptocormia has been described in patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD). We present a patient with young‐onset PD in whom the disease progressed over 25 years to a crippling state with severe camptocormia and bent knees. The camptocormia along with other parkinsonian symptoms improved dramatically after bilateral subthalamic deep brain stimulation. © 2006 Movement Disorder Society
Clinical characteristics of paroxysmal nonkinesigenic dyskinesia in serbian family with Myofibrillogenesis regulator 1 gene mutation
Authors: Stefanova Elka , Djarmati Ana , Momčilović Dragana , Dragašević Nataša , Svetel Marina , Klein Christine , Kostić Vladimir S. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThe aim of this study was to describe the clinical features of a large Serbian family with paroxysmal nonkinesigenic dyskinesia (PNKD) and one of the two previously described mutations in the Myofibrillogenesis regulator 1 gene (MR‐1), which causes an alanine‐to‐valine substitution at position 9. In 5 examined out of 12 affected family members, attacks of dyskinesias appeared in the first 6 months of life. Both frequency and severity of attacks showed an age‐dependent incremental–decremental pattern with a peak between 13 to 15 years of age. They were frequently precipitated by stress, caffeine, fever, hunger, tiredness, as well as abrupt changes in temperature. Three of our patients differentiated two types of attacks: mild (120–180 minutes), with a predominance of functionally insignificant choreoathetoid movements, and severe (∼ 15–30 minutes), characterized by disabling dystonic and choreic movements of the extremities, trunk, and face. Sleep was the most reliable factor to discontinue an attack. This Serbian family further demonstrates that recurrent MR‐1 mutations are associated with PNKD worldwide, which will affect genetic testing. © 2006 Movement Disorder Society
Pathological gambling in Parkinson's disease improves on chronic subthalamic nucleus stimulation
Authors: Ardouin Claire , Voon Valerie , Worbe Yulia , Abouazar Nehman , Czernecki Virginie , Hosseini Hassan , Pelissolo Antoine , Moro Elena , Lhommée Eugénie , Lang Anthony E. , Agid Yves , Benabid Alim‐Louis , Pollak Pierre , Mallet Luc , Krack Paul 
Published: September 2006

AbstractPathological gambling (PG) related to dopaminergic treatment in Parkinson's disease (PD) is part of a spectrum of behavioral disorders called the dopamine dysregulation syndrome (DDS). We describe a series of PD patients with preoperative active PG due to dopaminergic treatment from a total of 598 patients who have undergone surgery for subthalamic nucleus stimulation for disabling motor fluctuations. The patients had systematic open assessment of behavioral symptoms and standardized assessments of motor symptoms, mood, and apathy. Seven patients (6 men, 1 woman; age, 54 ± 9 years; levodopa equivalent dose, 1,390 ± 350 mg/day) had preoperative PG over a mean of 7 years, intolerant to reduction in medication. Six had nonmotor fluctuations and four had other behavioral symptoms consistent with a diagnosis of the DDS. After surgery, motor symptoms improved, allowing for 74% reduction of dopaminergic treatment, below the dosage of gambling onset. In all patients, PG resolved postoperatively after 18 months on average (range, 0–48), although transient worsening occurred in two. Improvement paralleled the time course and degree of reduction in dopaminergic treatment. Nonmotor fluctuations, off period dysphoria, and other symptoms of the DDS improved. Two patients developed persistent apathy. In conclusion, PG and other symptoms of the DDS‐associated dopaminergic treatment improved in our patients following surgery. Dopaminergic dysregulation commonly attributed to pulsatile overstimulation of the limbic dopaminergic system may be subject to desensitization on chronic subthalamic stimulation, which has a relative motor selectivity and allows for decrease in dopaminergic treatment. © 2006 Movement Disorder Society
Juxtaglomerular cell tumor in an 8‐year‐old girl
Authors: Shao Lei , Manalang Michelle , Cooley Linda 
Published: September 2006

AbstractJuxtaglomerular cell tumor (JGCT) is an extremely rare renal neoplasm in the pediatric population. It is considered a benign tumor arising from the juxtaglomerular apparatus of the kidney. JGCT has characteristic clinicopathologic features, but its cytogenetic features are unknown. We report a case of JGCT in an 8‐year‐old female who presented with severe hypertension, elevated serum renin level, and a well circumscribed tumor in the right kidney. Protogranules of renin was identified in the cytoplasm of the tumor cells by electron microscopic examination. Fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed monosomy of chromosomes X, 6, 9, 11, 15, and 21. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2008;50:406–409. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Freezing of polymer thin films and surfaces: The small molecular weight puzzle
Authors: Seemann Ralf , Jacobs Karin , Landfester Katharina , Herminghaus Stephan 
Published: September 2006

AbstractExperimental observations (ellipsometry, scanning force microscopy, and nuclear magnetic recsonance (NMR)) of the freezing behavior of thin supported films as well as the free surface of atactic polystyrene are reported, taken at a particularly small molecular weight of 2 kg/mol. Remarkably, we find the same effect of reduction of the glass transition temperature, Tg, as observed earlier with much longer molecules. Furthermore, surface melting is observed by NMR, with the molten layer thickness similar to what has been observed with larger molecular weight. We conclude that molecular geometry effects cannot account for these observations, and that a consistent explanation must be presentable in a continuum picture. On the basis of the capillary mode spectrum of the free surface and of the supported films, we present such a model and find that it accounts very consistently with all observations made so far, at least with polystyrene. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 44: 2968–2979, 2006
Comparative analysis of blue‐shifted hydrogen bond versus conventional hydrogen bond in methyl radical complexes
Authors: Tang Kai , Shi Fu Qiang 
Published: September 2006

AbstractMethyl radical complexes H3C…HCN and H3C…HNC have been investigated at the UMP2(full)/aug‐cc‐pVTZ level to elucidate the nature of hydrogen bonds. To better understand the intermolecular H‐bond interactions, topological analysis of electron density at bond critical points (BCP) is executed using Bader's atoms‐in‐molecules (AIM) theory. Natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis has also been performed to study the orbital interactions and change of hybridization. Theoretical calculations show that there is no essential difference between the blue‐shift H‐bond and the conventional one. In H3C…HNC complex, rehybridization is responsible for shortening of the NH bond. The hyperconjugative interaction between the single electron of the methyl radical and NH antibonding orbital is up to 7.0 kcal/mol, exceeding 3.0 kcal/mol, the upper limit of hyperconjugativen(Y)→σ*(X–H) interaction to form the blue‐shifted H‐bond according to Alabugin's theory. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2007
Comment on “On the original proof by reductio ad absurdum of the Hohenberg–Kohn theorem for many‐electron Coulomb systems”
Authors: Szczepanik W. , Dulak M. , Wesolowski T. A. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractWe argue with Kryachko's criticism [Int J Quantum Chem 2005, 103, 818] of the original proof of the second Hohenberg‐Kohn theorem. The Kato cusp condition can be used to refute a “to‐be‐refuted” statement as an alternative to the original proof by Hohenberg and Kohn applicable for Coulombic systems. Since alternative ways to prove falseness of the “to‐be‐refuted” statement in a reduction ad absurdum proof do not exclude each other, Kryachko's criticism is not justified. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2007
Hidden symmetries and thermodynamic properties for a harmonic oscillator plus an inverse square potential
Authors: Dong Shi‐Hai , Lozada‐Cassou M. , Yu Jiang , Jiménez‐Ángeles Felipe , Rivera A. L. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThe exact solutions of a one‐dimensional Schrödinger equation with a harmonic oscillator plus an inverse square potential are obtained. The ladder operators constructed directly from the normalized wavefunctions are found to satisfy a su(1, 1) algebra. Another hidden symmetry is used to explore the relations between the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions by substituting x → −ix. The vibrational partition function Z is calculated exactly to study thermodynamic functions such as the vibrational mean energy U, specific heat C, free energy F, and entropy S. It is both interesting and surprising to find that both vibrational specific heat C and entropy S are independent of the potential strength α. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2007
Bound D‐states of helium atom under Debye screening
Authors: Kar Sabyasachi , Ho Y. K. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractWe have investigated the 1snd1,3D (3 ≤ n ≤ 7) state energies of helium atom embedded in weakly coupled plasma environments using the Rayleigh–Ritz variational method. The effect of the plasma environment is taken care of using a Debye screening model. A correlated wave function involving exponential expansion has been used to represent correlation between the charge particles. The bound 1snd1,3D (3 ≤ n ≤ 7) state energies of helium for various Debye lengths along with the excitation energies of few singlet and triplet states are reported. Our results are useful references to atomic physics, plasma physics, and astrophysics research communities. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2007
Exceptional experiences and spiritual practice: a new measurement approach
Authors: Kohls Niko , Walach Harald 
Published: September 2006

AbstractA new instrument for the measurement of exceptional experiences, the Exceptional Experiences Questionnaire (EEQ), is introduced, which considers both frequency and individual evaluation of exceptional experiences. A principal component factor analysis extracted four factors (positive spiritual experiences, experiences of deconstruction/ego loss, psychopathological experiences and dream‐type experiences), which explain 49% of the variance. The 25‐item short form of the instrument shows good psychometric properties (range for Cronbach's alpha: r = 0.67–0.89, range for test–retest reliability after 6 months r = 0.66–0.87). The instrument shows adequate discriminant and convergent validity (Sense of Coherence, Social Support, Mental Distress and Transpersonal Trust) and can discriminate between spiritual practising and non practising individuals. A non‐technical summary of the research is provided at the end of this paper. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Tree‐based model checking for logistic regression
Authors: Su Xiaogang 
Published: September 2006

AbstractA tree procedure is proposed to check the adequacy of a fitted logistic regression model. The proposed method not only makes natural assessment for the logistic model, but also provides clues to amend its lack‐of‐fit. The resulting tree‐augmented logistic model facilitates a refined model with meaningful interpretation. We demonstrate its use via simulation studies and an application to the Pima Indians diabetes data. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.