bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of ginsenoside Rg1 on insulin binding in mice liver and brain membranes
Authors: Tchilian Elma Z. , Zhelezarov Ilian E. , Hadjiivanova Christina I. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe effect of in vivo administration of ginsenoside Rg1 from Panax ginseng on insulin binding in liver and brain membranes of mice was studied. Ginsenoside Rg1 at a dose of 10mg/kg significantly increased [125]insulin binding in both tissues. The increase in insulin binding was related to an increase in the number of insulin receptors rather than to a change in the receptor affinity.
Effects of short‐term capsaicin treatment on formalin and nitrogen dioxide induced changes in lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme system in rat lung
Authors: De Amit Krishna , Ghosh Jagat Jiban 
Published: October 2006

AbstractExposure of rats to formalin and nitrogen dioxide vapour caused a significant increase in values of the lung wet wt/dry wt ratio (oedema formation) and lipid peroxidation. These effects were not observed in rats treated with short‐term capsaicin, either before or after exposure to the two gases. This protective action of short‐term capsaicin treatment can possibly be linked with the strengthening of the pulmonary antioxidant enzyme defence system by capsaicin.
Antiinflammatory activity of sesquiterpene lactones from Artemisia barrelieri in rats
Authors: Zafra‐Polo M. C. , Blázquez M. A. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThree eudesmanolides, barrelierin (1), artemalin (2) and barrelin (3), isolated from aerial parts of Artemisia barrelieri, and desoxyvulgarin (4) obtained from barrelin by reduction with zinc and acetic acid, reduced carrageenan‐induced rat paw oedema. The results show that the α‐methylene γ‐lactone group is not essential for the antiinflammatory effect, but variations in the molecular structure of these sesquiterpene lactones may enhance or diminish the antiinflammatory effect.
Oligo‐ and macrocyclic diterpenes in thymelaeaceae and euphorbiaceae occurring and utilized in Yunnan (Southwest China) 1. Daphnane type diterpene esters from Daphne feddei
Authors: Dagang Wu , Sorg B. , Adolf W. , Seip E. H. , Hecker E. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractFrom roots of the Chinese folk medical plant Daphne feddei Lévl. three Daphne factors F1, F2 and F3 have been isolated. They proved identical with the known daphnane type 9,13,14‐orthoesters huratoxin (F1), genkwadaphnin (F2) and with the known daphnane type 14‐ester prohuratoxin (F3). From stem bark of the plant a new factor F4 was obtained and identified as the 1,2‐dihydro derivative of the known daphnane type 9,13,14‐orthoester daphnetoxin. The factors F1–F4 exhibit moderate to strong irritant activity on the mouse ear. F4 assayed in the standard protocol 16 for tumor promoting activity on the back skin of mice was nearly inactive. Certain structure/activity relationships are pointed out along the conceptual idea to develop diterpene structures with diminished or abolished irritant and tumor promoting activities but retained immune stimulating, differentiating or otherwise antineoplastic activities.
Effects of naringenin and silymarin on urinary excretion of water and electrolytes in rats
Authors: Alarc de la Lastra C. Ón , Martín M. J. , Motilva V. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe effects of two flavonoid derivatives, naringenin and silymarin on urinary excretion of water and electrolytes were investigated in isotonic saline loaded rats. Both compounds, especially naringenin, showed a moderate diuretic activity, in comparison with furosemide, increasing significantly the renal loss of sodium, chloride and potassium. With respect to silymarin, although urinary excretion was significantly lower, it caused a marked decrease in potassium excretion. These results indicate that naringenin has a diuretic behaviour similar to moderate‐efficiency diuretic agents and silymarin to potassium‐sparing diuretics.
Characterization of a concentrated extract of Achyrocline satureioides as an intermediary product in the preparation of an ointment
Authors: Petrovick P. R. , Knorst M. T. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA. satureioides is reported to have antiinflammatory activity after oral and topical administration. The use of a concentrated extract as the raw material for the preparation of a plastic pharmaceutical dosage form is examined. Loss on drying, chromatographic evaluation of the major constituents and quantitative assay of quercetin were found to be adequate for characterizing the extract.
Quantitative analysis of the active constituents in green tea
Authors: Min Zhu , Peigen Xiao 
Published: October 2006

AbstractSince green tea has been reported to exhibit the effects of promoting antitumour activity, antimutagenicty and antioxidation, we have analyzed its active components by high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC). It is suggested that drinking green tea at normal levels daily is not sufficient to produce pharmacological actions.
Effect of pollen extracts on prolonged poisoning of rats with organic solvents
Authors: Ceglecka M. , Wójcicki J. , Gonet B. , Put A. , Kuźna‐Grygiel W. , Samochowiec L. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractMale Wistar rats were divided into four equal groups: (i) controls, (ii) animals exposed to organic solvents, (iii) animals exposed to organic solvents and receiving pollen extracts, (iv) rats given pollen extracts. The experiment lasted 3 months. The protective effect of pollen extracts against changes evoked by organic solvents was demonstrated. Pollen extracts inhibited or counteracted the elevation of aminotransferases and alkaline phosphatase activity and lipid and carbohydrate metabolism disturbances in the liver. The ascorbate system was improved. It is concluded, that pollen extracts are able to protect the liver against changes evoked by environmental influences.
Indigofera arrecta prevents the development of hyperglycaemia in the db/db mouse
Authors: Addy Marian E. , Addo Phyllis , Nyarko A. K. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractGenetically obese diabetic and nondiabetic mice, and their lean littermates were used to evaluate an aqueous extract of Indigofera arrecta which is used for the treatment of diabetes. Control animals were given water instead of the extract over a 90 day period, and measurements of blood glucose and body weight were done at approximately 30‐day intervals. The development of hyperglycaemia associated with the diabetic mice over a time period was absent when the mice were on the extract. Blood glucose levels of littermates of both mutant strains, and the mild hyperglycaemia of the obese nondiabetic mice were not affected. The extract significantly lowered the body weight of both types of obese mutant mice but did not affect the body weight of the littermates.
Further studies on the antidiarrhoeal activity of bisnordihydrotoxiferine, a tertiary indole alkaloid in rodents
Authors: Thomas G. , de F. F. Melo Diniz M. , Mukherjee R. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe dimeric tertiary indole alkaloid bisnordihydrotoxiferine isolated from the root bark of Strychnos trinervis (Vell.) Mart. inhibited, on i.p. administration, Escherichia coli‐induced diarrhoea and cholera toxin‐stimulated intestinal fluid accumulation in mice. The respective ED50 values were 10.6 and 20.0 mg/kg. The activity of bisnordihydrotoxiferine was unaffected by nalorphine or yohimbine, suggesting that the opioid and α2‐adrenoceptors respectively, are not important for its antidiarrhoeal action. In smooth muscle studies, bisnordihydrotoxiferine antagonized in a noncompetitive and reversible manner, the contractions produced by histamine, acetylcholine and substance P in guinea‐pig ileum and by 5‐hydroxytryptamine and arachidonic acid in rat fundic strip. The respective pD'2 values (mean ± SEM) were 5.21 ± 0.29, 5.20 ± 0.29, 5.35 ± 0.12, in the ileum and 4.95 ± 0.13 and 3.66 ± 0.12 in the fundic strip. The values of slopes of the regression lines differed significantly from unity in all cases. Bisnor was inactive against PGE2‐induced contractions in the ileum. The mechanism of action of the alkaloid may be related to nonspecific antagonism of gastrointestinal smooth muscle stimulant activity of several endogenous substances.
Studies on the antiulcerogenic activity of the essential oil of Hyptis mutabilis Briq. in Rats
Authors: Barbosa P. P. P. , Ramos C. P. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe volatile oil of Hyptis mutabilis, Briq. was investigated for its ability to prevent or reduce the formation of ulcerations in the gastric mucosa of male rats induced by indomethacin subcutaneous injection. When previously administered (p.o. and i.p.) the oil (F1473; 50–100 mg/kg) significantly reduced gastric alterations produced by indomethacin in a dose‐dependent fashion. However, the mechanism of action of this plant oil is still unkown.
Pollen extracts reduce the hepatotoxicity of paracetamol in mice
Authors: Juźwiak S. , Raińska T. , Dutkiewicz T. , Cioch U. , Olenderek B. , Krasowska B. , Rózewicka L. , Juzyszyn Z. , Wójcicki J. , Samochowiec L. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractCernitins are preparations obtained from plant pollen which contain numerous compounds of potential biological significance. This work deals with the influence of cernitins upon acute paracetamol toxicity in mice. The survival rate and indices of hepatic injury: aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase activities, bilirubin level in serum, glutathione and cytochrome P‐450 content in liver, liver weight, histopathologic picture of the liver and presence of glycogen and lipids in stained liver sections, under different experimental protocols, were determined. It was found that cernitins are able to increase the survival rate of mice and reduce liver injury in acute paracetamol poisoning. Cernitins are more effective when administered after, rather than before, a dose of paracetamol. The possible mechanism through which cernitins may act is discussed.
Effect of Guchi Gao on HGF and PDL in periodontal tissue cells
Authors: Rui‐Fang Zhao , Bin Liu 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe effects of eight herbs of Guchi Gao on periodontal tissue cells were investigated. The results show that Herba Dendrobii, Radix Ophiopogonis, and two other herbs can significantly promote attachment of human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) and periodontal ligament cells (PDL) and enhance the proliferation of the latter. This may account for the effect of Guchi Gao and suggests a potential treatment for periodontitis in the future.
Experimental Ricinus communis poisoning in chicks
Authors: El Badwi S. M. A. , Adam S. E. I. , Hapke H. J. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractSeven‐day‐old male Brown Hisex chicks were fed Ricinus communis seed at concentrations of 0.5% and 5%. Mortality rates, signs, pathological changes and alterations in clinical chemistry were recorded. The results indicated that both diets containing Ricinus seed are fatal to chicks and that toxicity is characterized by locomotor disturbances, impaired vision, abnormal posture, growth depression, enterohepatonephropathies and anaemia. Significant increases in serum sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH), glutamic dehydrogenase (GDH), glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), potassium, and total hepatic and cardiac lipids, and decreases in hepatic vitamin A, serum total protein and manganese concentrations were observed in Ricinus‐fed chicks.
Physical and antibacterial characteristics of the volatile oil of Hemizygia welwitschii (Rolfe)
Authors: Oyedele A. O. , Lamikanra A. , Orafidiya L. O. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe physical properties and antibacterial profile of the steam‐distilled volatile oil from twigs of Hemizygia welwitschii (Rolfe) have been studied. The volatile oil content of the plant was affected by the time of the day the twigs were collected and extracted, being relatively higher in daytime than at night. The oil content was higher in the leaves than in the stems and branches. However, the average yield was 0.11% v/w. The oil is soluble in ethanol, diethyl ether, chloroform, xylene and dimethylsulphoxide. The oil has a weight‐per‐millilitre of approximately 885 mg at 28 °C, a specific rotation range of −95.29 to −93.75, and a refractive index of 1.4818. The oil exhibited antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the latter being the most resistant organism.
Differential antagonistic effect of hydroalcoholic extract from Hymenaea martiana hayne arzeik on kinin and other agonist‐induced contractions of the isolated rat uterus and Guinea‐pig ileum
Authors: Calixto J. B. , Yunes R. A. , Medeiros Y. S. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThis study was undertaken to evaluate the action of the hydroalcoholic extract (HE) from the bark of Hymenaea martiana on bradykinin (BK), lysyl‐bradykinin (L‐BK), acetylcholine (ACh), angiotensin II (AII), prostaglandin F2a (PGF2a), serotonin (5‐HT), oxytocin (Ot) and histamine (His)‐induced contractions of the isolated rat uterine muscle and guinea‐pig ileum. The HE (50–200 μg/mL) added to the bath for 20 min caused a concentration‐dependent rightward displacement of BK, L‐BK and ACh‐induced contractions in the rat uterus, allied to a discrete but significant reduction of maximal responses to the latter two agonists. By contrast, at the same range of concentrations the HE antagonized in a concentration‐dependent but noncompetitive manner the contractions induced by AII, but only at high concentrations (200 μg/mL) it significantly inhibited contractions evoked by both PGF2a and Ot, while contractile responses induced by 5‐HT were not affected. In the guinea‐pig ileum, the HE of H. martiana (50 and 100 μg/ml) caused a discrete rightward displacement of the BK and ACh concentration—response curves. Higher concentrations of the HE of H. martiana (200 μg/mL) caused a marked depression of BK and ACh‐induced maximal responses. These findings show that the active principle(s) presents in the HE from the bark of H. martiana exhibits an interesting pharmacological profile against several neurotransmitter‐induced contractions in nonvascular smooth muscles. Such actions may be relevant for supporting, at least in part, the use of this plant in folk medicine.
Vascular action of the crude hydroalcoholic extract from Hymenaea martiana on the isolated rat and rabbit aorta
Authors: Calixto J. B. , Yunes R. A. , Medeiros Y. S. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe present study investigates the effect of the hydroalcoholic extract (HE) from Hymenaea martiana (Leguminosae) on endothelium‐dependent and independent relaxation responses induced by acetylcholine (ACh), histamine (His), calcium ionophore (A23187) and sodium nitroprusside in precontracted aortic rings from rat and rabbit. In addition, we have also evaluated the action of the HE on noradrenaline‐ (NA), angiotensin I‐(AI) and AII‐induced contractions in the rabbit aorta. The HE (0.25–0.5 mg/mL) inhibited in a concentration‐dependent manner the relaxant response induced by ACh in rings of rabbit aorta and by His in rat aorta. Relaxation in response to A23187 was inhibited in rat but not in rabbit aortic rings. In contrast, the HE was completely ineffective against endothelium‐independent relaxations caused/by sodium nitroprusside in rabbit aorta rings. The HE (0.5–1.0 mg/mL) significantly enhanced the maximal contractile responses induced by NA in rabbit aorta set up with the endothelium, but caused no effect in endothelium rubbed preparations. In addition, the HE (0.5 mg/mL) markedly antagonized the contractile responses elicited by AI, but caused only a slight effect on AII‐induced contractile responses in rabbit aorta. These findings indicate that the active principle(s) present in the HE from the bark of Hymenaea martiana selectively inhibit the endothelium‐dependent vasorelaxant responses caused by several substances in aortic rings from rat and rabbit, presumably by a mechanism related with endothelium‐derived relaxation factor synthesis and/or inactivation. The HE also antagonized AI but not AII‐induced contractions in rabbit aorta, suggesting some interference with the angiotensin converting enzyme.
Antiulcerogenic activity of aescine in different experimental models
Authors: Marhuenda E. , Martin M. J. , Alarcon Lastra C. De La 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe antiulcerogenic effect of aescine was studied on cold restraint, pylorus‐ligated and absolute ethanol induced ulcers in comparison to ranitidine and carbenoxolone. Gastric mucus output, total protein and hexosamines content were measured, In pyloric‐ligated animals, acidity, as well as biochemical assay of pepsin, histamine, sodium and potassium electrolytes were also determined. Oral treatment with aescine was found to be effective in the prevention of gastric ulceration induced by absolute ethanol, although mucus secretion was not enhanced. In pyloric‐ligated animals aescine showed a considerable reduction in the number and severity of ulcers. A significant reduction in gastric secretion was also observed.
Effects of crude drugs derived from animal sources on sexual and learning behaviour in chronically stressed mice
Authors: Morishita Shin‐Ichi , Shoji Masamichi , Oguni Yasuhiro , Hirai Yasuharu , Sugimoto Chishio , Ito Chihiro 
Published: October 2006

AbstractCrude drugs derived from the animal sources, Agkistrodon Japonicae (Hampi), Gecko (Goukai), Phocae Testis et Penis (Kaikujin), Muschus (musk) and Bezoar Bovis (bezoar) were studied to determine their effects on sexual and learning behaviour in mice subjected to chronic “hanging stress”. Drugs were given orally once a day for 14 days, sexual (licking, mounting and intromission) and learning (memory retrieval and memory extinction) behaviours were observed. All drugs protected mice against a stress‐induced decrease of licking and intromission behaviour, and all drugs, except Goukai, also protected against a decrease in mounting behaviour due to stress. Kaikujin protected mice against the stress‐induced increase of acceleration of memory loss and failure of memory retrieval. Hampi, Goukai and bezoar protected mice against stress‐induced increase of failure to retrieve memory. Musk protected mice against the stress‐induced increase of acceleration of memory loss. These results suggest that these drugs have protective effects against chronically exhausted states.
Effects of ginsenoside‐Rb2 on RNA synthesis
Authors: Yokozawa T. , Yasui T. , Oura H. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe effects of a single intraperitoneal injection of ginsenoside‐Rb2, 2.5 mg/100g body weight, on the synthesis of nuclear RNA in liver cells were determined serially after administration. Although the RNA content remained almost unchanged, the uptake of orotic acid by RNA reached a peak 6h after ginsenoside‐Rb2 administration. On the other hand, the total RNA polymerase activity increased after administration, reaching a peak at 4h; the RNA polymerase II activity also showed a pattern of variation similar to that of total RNA polymerase activity. In addition, the activity of RNA polymerase I also showed an increase suggesting that ginsenoside‐Rb2 promoted the synthesis of rRNA and mRNA.
Thereapeutic response of Tribulus terrestris (gokhru) aqueous extract on hyperoxaluria in male adult rats
Authors: Sangeeta D. , Sidhu H. , Thind S. K. , Nath R. , Vaidyanathan S. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe effect of an aqueous extract of Tribulus terrestris (an indigenous drug) administered orally at a dose of 5 g/kg body weight was studied in six male adult rats in whom hyperoxaluria was induced and maintained by hydroxyproline and sodium glycolate respectively. Twenty‐four hour urinary oxalate excretion reversed to normal, from 1.97±0.314 to 0.144±0.004 mg/mg creatinine (p<0.01) within 21 days of administration of T. terrestris extract and remained so until 15 days after withdrawal of extract and sodium glycolate.
Hepatoprotective effect of ethanolic extract of Eclipta alba on experimental liver damage in rats and mice
Authors: Singh B. , Saxena A. K. , Chandan B. K. , Agarwal S. G. , Bhatia M. S. , Anand K. K. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractAn alcoholic extract of freshly collected Eclipta alba exhibited dose‐dependent (62.5–500.0 mg/kg p.o.) significant hepatoprotective activity against carbon tetrachloride‐induced liver injury in rats and mice. It indicated its protective role on parameters such as hexobarbitone‐induced sleep, zoxazolamine‐induced paralysis, bromosulphalen (BSP) clearance, serum levels of transaminases, bilirubin and protein. The extract did not show any signs of toxicity and the minimum lethal dose was greater than 2.0 g/kg when given orally and intraperitoneally in mice.
Effects of the standardized Panax ginseng extract g115 on the D‐glucose transport by Ehrlich ascites tumour cells
Authors: Yamasaki K. , Murakami C. , Ohtani K. , Kasai R. , Kurokawa T. , Ishibashi S. , Soldati F. , Stöckli M. , Mulz D. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe effect of standardized Panax ginseng extract (G115 Pharmaton) on D‐glucose uptake by Ehrlich ascites tumour cells from mouse was examined. Measurements were carried out using [3H]‐2‐deoxy‐D‐glucose, a non‐metabolizable glucose analogue. [3H]‐2‐deoxy‐D‐glucose was transported from the medium to cells and phosphorylated but was neither further metabolized nor eliminated. Thus, the amount taken in the cells was a measure of D‐glucose uptake. The results showed that G115 stimulated D‐glucose transport and the maximum effect was obtained at a G115 concentration of 2.0 μg/mL representing an increase of about 35% above basal activity.
Renal responses to magnesium lithospermate B in rats with adenine‐induced renal failure
Authors: Yokozawa Takako , Lee Tae Woong , Oura Hikokichi , Hattori Masao , Nonaka Gen‐Ichiro , Nishioka Itsuo 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA study was conducted to investigate the effects of magnesium lithospermate B on the uraemic symptoms and development of hypertension in rats with adenine‐induced renal failure. Chronic administration of 10 mg/kg body weight/day magnesium lithospermate B significantly reduced serum urea nitrogen, creatinine, methylguanidine, guanidinosuccinic acid and inorganic phosphate, accompanied by increased urinary excretion of urea, creatinine and electrolytes. In addition, renal tissue blood flow was significantly increased and mean blood pressure significantly decreased in the magnesium lithospermate B‐treated group compared with the control group. These results confirm that chronic administration of magnesium lithospermate B to rats with adenine‐induced renal failure ameliorates the uraemic symptoms and development of hypertension by improving renal haemodynamics and electrolyte metabolism.
Terminalia arjuna, an ayurvedic cardiotonic, increases contractile force of rat isolated atria
Authors: Radhakrishnan R. , Wadsworth R. M. , Gray A. I. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe direct effects of aqueous, ethanolic, chloroform and petroleum ether extracts of Terminalia arjuna (family: Combretaceae) bark, an ayurvedic remedy for cardiovascular disorders, were studied on isolated atria of rats. The aqueous extract produced a substantial positive inotropic effect (EC50 = 0.25 mg/mL) but no change in the rate. The ethanol, chloroform and petroleum ether extracts all decreased the rate of contraction. A slight increase in force was seen with ethanol and chloroform extracts. Higher concentrations of the chloroform extract had a negative inotropic effect. The ethanol extract decreased the maximum following frequency of the left atria. It is concluded that Terminalia arjuna has a significant positive inotropic property on rat atria in vitro which could contribute to its efficacy in treating cardiovascular disorders.