bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Faster both in operative time and functional recovery by the extraperitoneal daVinci SP- based robot-assisted radical prostatectomy: A propensity score matching analysis compared to transperitoneal multiport counterpart
Authors: Ko Young Hwii , Jang Jae Youn , Kim Yeong Uk , Kim Sang Won 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

We aim to investigate the peri-operative outcomes after extraperitoneal single-port based robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (eSP-RARP) utilizing the da Vinci SP system compared to conventional transperitoneal multi-port counterparts (tMP-RARP), in an era when pelvic lymph node dissection (PNLD) was omitted for the node-negative case. With exclusion criteria of volume + 50g, suspicious rectal invasion, and node-positive disease given relatively weak grasping power and limited range of motion from the current SP system, 50 consecutive patients (Since December 2021) with localized prostate cancer underwent eSP-RARP by a single urologist maintaining identical surgical technique for 100 consecutive tMP-RARP cases (Since December 2020). Given initial selection criteria, each group was matched to a 1:1 ratio based on the risk-stratification parameters and the prostate volume. The operative time, which was maintained in each group during the study period, was significantly faster in eSP-RARP groups than in tMP-RARP (149.2 vs. 163.2 minutes, p = .025), while the weight of the removed specimen (27.1 vs. 29.0 g, p = .420) and margin positivity (14.7% vs. 11.7% in pT2, p = .812) were similar. The gas-out (1.5 vs. 1.88 days, p = .003) and solid diet dates (2.26 vs. 3.22 days, p < .001) were faster in the eSP-RARP group. The single-pad continence dates (30.5 vs. 51.9 days, p = .145) and zero-pad continence dates (105.5 vs. 146.2 days, p = .210) were identical. 90-day single-pad continence rate was 92% vs. 82% (p = .142, 52% vs. 56% in zero-pad continence). Based on these, daVinci SP-based RARP restored bowel function faster with shorter operative time through an extraperitoneal approach than the conventional transperitoneal multi-port counterpart while maintaining similar incontinence outcomes in cases without a routine PNLD.
Consistent Cord Blood DNA Methylation Signatures of Gestational Age between South Asian and white European Cohorts
Authors: Deng Wei Q. , Pigeyre Marie , Azab Sandi M. , Wilson Samantha L , Campbell Natalie , Cawte Nathan , Morrison Katherine M. , Atkinson Stephanie A. , Subbarao Padmaja , Turvey Stuart E. , Moraes Theo J. , Mandhane Piush , Azad Meghan B. , Simons Elinor , Pare Guillaume , Anand Sonia S. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Epigenetic modifications, particularly DNA methylation (DNAm) in cord blood, are an important biological marker of how external exposures during gestation can influence the in-utero environment and subsequent offspring development. Despite the recognized importance of DNAm during gestation, comparative studies to determine the consistency of these epigenetic signals across different ethnic groups are largely absent. To address this gap, we first performed epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) of gestational age (GA) using newborn cord blood DNAm comparatively in a white European (n = 342) and a South Asian (n = 490) birth cohort living in Canada. Then, we capitalized on established cord blood epigenetic GA clocks to examine the associations between maternal exposures, offspring characteristics and epigenetic GA, as well as GA acceleration, defined as the residual difference between epigenetic and chronological GA at birth.
Results
Individual EWASs identified 1,211 and 1,543 differentially methylated CpGs associated with GA in white European and South Asian cohorts, respectively, with a similar distribution of effects. We confirmed that Bohlin’s cord blood GA clock was robustly correlated with GA in white Europeans (r = 0.71; p = 6.0×10− 54) and South Asians (r = 0.66; p = 6.9×10− 64). In both cohorts, Bohlin’s clock was positively associated with newborn weight and length, and negatively associated with parity, newborn female sex, and gestational diabetes. Exclusive to South Asians, the GA clock was positively associated with the newborn ponderal index, while pre-pregnancy weight and gestational weight gain were strongly predictive of increased epigenetic GA in white Europeans. Important predictors of GA acceleration included gestational diabetes mellitus, newborn sex, and parity in both cohorts.
Conclusions
These results demonstrate the consistent DNAm signatures of GA and the utility of Bohlin’s GA clock across the two populations. Although the overall pattern of DNAm is similar, its connections with the mother's environment and the baby's anthropometrics can differ between the two groups. Further research is needed to understand these unique relationships.
Ultrasound-guided superior laryngeal nerve block: a randomized comparison between parasagittal and transverse approach
Authors: Shan Tao , Tan Qilian , Bao Hongguang , Ge Degao , Han Liu , Su Chuan , Ju Yu 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Different approach ultrasound-guided superior laryngeal nerve block was used to aid awake intubation, but little is known which approach was superior. We aimed to compare the parasagittal and transverse approaches for ultrasound-guided superior laryngeal nerve block in adult patients undergoing awake intubation.
Methods
Fifty patients with awake orotracheal intubation were randomized to receive either a parasagittal or transverse ultrasound-guided superior laryngeal nerve block. The primary outcome was patient’s quality of airway anesthesia grade during insertion of the tube into the trachea. The patients’ tube tolerance score after intubation, total procedure time, mean arterial pressure, heart rate, Ramsay sedation score at each time point, incidence of sore throat both 1 h and 24 h after extubation, and hoarseness before intubation, 1 h and 24 h after extubation were documented.
Results
Patients’ quality of airway anesthesia grade was significantly lower in the parasagittal group than in the transverse group (median grade[IQR], 0 [0–1] vs 1 [0–1], P = 0.036). Patients in the parasagittal approach group had lower tube tolerance scores (median score [IQR], 1[1–1] vs 1 [1–1.5], P = 0.042) and shorter total procedure time (median time [IQR], 113 seconds [98.5–125.5] vs 188 seconds [149.5–260], P < 0.001) than those in the transverse approach group. The incidence of sore throat 24 h after extubation was lower in the parasagittal group (8% vs. 36%, P = 0.041). Hoarseness occurred in more than half of the patients in parasagittal group before intubation (72% vs 40%, P = 0.023).
Conclusions
Compared to the transverse approach, the ultrasound-guided parasagittal approach showed improved efficacy in terms of the quality of airway topical anesthesia and shorter total procedure time for superior laryngeal nerve block.
Trial registration
This prospective, randomized controlled trial was approved by the Ethics Committee of Nanjing First Hospital (KY20220425-014) and registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (19/6/2022, ChiCTR2200061287) prior to patient enrollment. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants in this trial.
Unsatisfactory Response to Acute Medications Does Not Affect the Medication Overuse Headache Development in Pediatric Chronic Migraine
Authors: Frattale Ilaria , Ferilli Michela Ada Noris , Ursitti Fabiana , Sforza Giorgia , Monte Gabriele , Checchi Martina Proietti , Tarantino Samuela , Mazzone Luigi , Valeriani Massimiliano , Papetti Laura 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background: Chronic migraine (CM) affects 2 to 4% of paediatric patients and has a significant impact on their quality of life. While in adults CM is very often associated to medication overuse headache (MOH), in children MOH prevalence is far lower. Suboptimal response to attack therapies may lead to their reduced assumption, thus preventing MOH development in children and adolescents.
The main aim of our study was to verify whether among CM patients those with a poor response to the attack therapy showed a lower frequency of MOH, compared to those responding to the analgesic drugs. We also checked whether patients receiving prophylactic therapy had a better response to rescue drugs. Lastly, we investigated the frequency of psychiatric comorbidities between responders and non-responders.
Methods: We retrospectively analysed clinical data of all chronic paediatric migraineurs under the age of 18 referred to the Headache Centre at Bambino Gesù Children Hospital June 2021 and February 2023. As primary endpoints, we evaluated: 1) unresponsiveness to acute medication in the whole population, and 2) the frequency of MOH in patients responder and non-responder to abortive drugs. As secondary endpoints, we evaluated the impact of preventive treatment and psychiatric comorbidities on the responsiveness to acute medication.
Results: Seventy patients with CM were assessed during the chosen period. Paracetamol was tried by 41 patients (58.5%), NSAIDs by 56 patients (80.0%), and triptans by 1 patient (1.4%). Fifty-one participants (73%) were resistant to the abortive treatment. The presence of MOH was detected in 27.1% of the whole populations. Regarding our primary aim, MOH was diagnosed in 29% of resistant patients and 22% of responders (p >0.05). Preventative treatment was prescribed to all patients. After 3 months of preventive pharmacological therapy, 65.4% of patients who did not respond to acute medications achieved a response, while 34.6% of patients who were resistant kept not responding (p < 0.05). Among the patients who responded to acute medication, 69% also responded to prophylactic therapy (p < 0.05). Psychiatric comorbidities were detected in 68.6% of patients, with no difference between responders and non-responders (72.2% vs. 67.3%; p=0.05).
Conclusions: Although in pediatric CM unresponsiveness to abortive drugs is highly prevalent, it does not represent a protective factor for MOH. Moreover, responsiveness to abortive drugs is improved by pharmacological preventative treatment and it is not affected by concomitant psychiatric comorbidities.
Study and implementation of a new machine learning algorithm to predict drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex clinical isolates
Authors: SIRRI Naoufal , Guyeux Christophe , Sola Christophe 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Tuberculosis is a major public health problem, and the diagnosis of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis is a global health priority. This resistance is mainly caused by mutations in genes coding for drug targets or conversion enzymes, but knowledge of these mutations is incomplete. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) is an increasingly common approach for rapidly characterizing isolates and identifying mutations predictive of drug resistance. Moreover, it promises to circumvent long delays in results; however, this technique has not accounted for the evolution of resistance. In contrast, machine learning methods have been widely applied to predict the resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) to a specific drug in a timely manner and even identify resistance markers. Our main objective was to explore statistical learning algorithms to construct a fast and powerful prediction model to predict drug sensitivity and resistance, thus providing an optimal diagnostic tool to aid in clinical decision making.
Methods
Machine learning approaches were applied to 28,073 (22,458 for training and 5614 for testing) M. tuberculosis isolates that underwent WGS analysis and laboratory drug susceptibility testing (DST) for 10 antituberculosis drugs. The data for these isolates were collected from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database. Boosting models, such as extreme gradient tree (XGBoost), light gradient tree (LightGBM), and a deep neural network model with a new architecture, were used to predict drug resistance. The different proposed models were fitted distinctly for each drug, with the exploration of the 10 most influential feature classes that were used as input features during training to obtain satisfactory performance. The predictive performance was measured using sensitivity, specificity, the f1 score, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the area under the curve (AUC).
Results
All three tools reliably predicted drug resistance. They were able to outperform the AUCs of at least 6 drugs compared to algorithms from other studies, especially for 6 drugs, namely, ethambutol (EMB), kanamycin (KAN), capreomycin (CAP), amikacin (AMK), streptomycin (STR), and ethionamide (ETH). Overall, the best performing model was the deep learning model, which outperformed all existing direct association-based approaches as well as the previously reported machine learning models, with AUCs ranging from 0.97 to 0.99 for 9 drugs.
Conclusion
This work demonstrated the power of machine learning as a flexible approach for drug resistance prediction. This tool is able to consider a significant number of predictors and summarize their predictive ability, facilitating clinical decision making and detection of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the era of increasing WGS data generation.
Primary pineal alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma in an adult patient: a case report and literature review
Authors: Chang Tao , Niu Xiaodong , Liu Yanhui , Yang Yuan , Mao Qing 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
The rarity of adult primary cerebral rhabdomyosarcoma (PCRMS) cases has necessitated the adoption of pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) therapeutic protocols, highlighting a critical need for broadening treatment experiences to enhance prognoses.
Case presentation
A brain MRI revealed a mass in the pineal region, extending into the third ventricle, measuring approximately 2.5 x 2.0 x 3.0 cm. The mass showed mild irregular lobulation and heterogeneous enhancement. Intraoperatively, it exhibited characteristics similar to high-grade gliomas, including a grayish appearance, abundant blood supply, firm texture, and indistinct margins adjacent to the bilateral thalamus. The diagnosis confirmed alveolar type PCRMS with FOXO1 gene rearrangement. Despite receiving comprehensive treatment, the patient unfortunately succumbed to the illness eight months after her initial PCRMS diagnosis.
Conclusions
PCRMS in the pineal region, a distinct subtype of RMS, is exceptionally rare and typically associated with a bleak prognosis, suggesting unique tumor characteristics. A multidisciplinary and aggressive treatment approach is crucial. Further research into the molecular makeup of PCRMS in adults may pave the way for more effective, tailored treatments for this aggressive disease.
Classification of Schizophrenia, Bipolar Disorder and Major Depressive Disorder with Comorbid Traits and Deep Learning Algorithms
Authors: Chen Xiangning , Liu Yimei , Cue Joan , Han Mira , Nimgaonkar Vishwajit , Weinberger Daniel , Han Shizhong , Zhao Zhongming , Chen Jingchun 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Recent GWASs have demonstrated that comorbid disorders share genetic liabilities. But whether and how these shared liabilities can be used for the classification and differentiation of comorbid disorders remains unclear. In this study, we use polygenic risk scores (PRSs) estimated from 42 comorbid traits and the deep neural networks (DNN) architecture to classify and differentiate schizophrenia (SCZ), bipolar disorder (BIP) and major depressive disorder (MDD). Multiple PRSs were obtained for individuals from the schizophrenia (SCZ) (cases = 6,317, controls = 7,240), bipolar disorder (BIP) (cases = 2,634, controls 4,425) and major depressive disorder (MDD) (cases = 1,704, controls = 3,357) datasets, and classification models were constructed with and without the inclusion of PRSs of the target (SCZ, BIP or MDD). Models with the inclusion of target PRSs performed well as expected. Surprisingly, we found that SCZ could be classified with only the PRSs from 35 comorbid traits (not including the target SCZ and directly related traits) (accuracy 0.760 ± 0.007, AUC 0.843 ± 0.005). Similar results were obtained for BIP (33 traits, accuracy 0.768 ± 0.007, AUC 0.848 ± 0.009), and MDD (36 traits, accuracy 0.794 ± 0.010, AUC 0.869 ± 0.004). Furthermore, these PRSs from comorbid traits alone could effectively differentiate unaffected controls, SCZ, BIP, and MDD patients (average categorical accuracy 0.861 ± 0.003, average AUC 0.961 ± 0.041). These results suggest that the shared liabilities from comorbid traits alone may be sufficient to classify SCZ, BIP and MDD. More importantly, these results imply that a data-driven and objective diagnosis and differentiation of SCZ, BIP and MDD may be feasible.
Non-Reciprocal Wave Propagations in a One-Dimensional Periodic Structure Modified with a Linkage Mechanism
Authors: Wang Hongyu , Zhao Jian , Wang Xuefeng , Dong Zeyuan , Huang Yu 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Reciprocity is a fundamental property of wave propagations, and many researchers devoted their efforts to breaking the reciprocity and implementing unidirectional wave propagations. At present, the main method to realize non-reciprocal waves uses aperiodic structure as the wave propagation medium. The non-reciprocal bandgap achieved by this method is narrow and difficult to adjust actively. To improve the controllability of non-reciprocal bandwidth, a one-dimensional (1D) periodic lattice structure based on linkage element is proposed in the work. The linkage element enables the lattice structure to have nonlinear stiffness with respect to the asymmetry of the equilibrium position. This stiffness asymmetry leads to the non-reciprocity of wave propagation, which provides a new idea for the design of non-reciprocal structures. To deal with the strong nonlinearity and high dimensional characteristics of the structure, the improved incremental harmonic balance (IHB) method is used to analyze the dispersion and bandgap characteristics of the structure. The results show that the structure has two bidirectional bandgaps (high and low frequency) and four unidirectional bandgaps, and the position, width and direction of the bandgap can be adjusted by the equilibrium position and mechanical parameters of the structure. The obtained structural properties are verified by numerical experiments.
Bracketing phenes contributing to Phytophthora pod rot resistance in cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.): a potential agroforestry crop
Authors: Minimol JS , Suma B , Mary Anna , Shija T. K , Jose Sherin , Kurian Sainamole P. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The level of resistance against Phytophthora pod rot disease was assessed among twenty-four exotic accessions of cocoa by non pricking method of pod inoculation. In the non-pricking method, eleven genotypes were grouped under highly resistant category. Binomial logistic regression model revealed that phenes like polyphenol content, wax, husk polyphenol and calcium content had a negative influence with Phytophthora Resistance. From the present investigation, it was found accessions NA 33, NA 702 and PA 70 showed maximum resistance to disease with high yield potential and those could be utilized for further genetic improvement programmes in cocoa.
Prediction of colon cancer prognosis and treatment based on immune-related lncRNAs and tumor microenvironment
Authors: wang yixuan , Qin Yujie , Zhou Shihong , Wu Yifan , he Jianzheng 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Increasing evidence suggests that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are closely related to the development of tumors, and no exception is made in colon cancer, which plays a crucial role in the development, metastasis, and prognosis of colon cancer. In this study, we analyzed the relationship between immune-related genes and lncRNAs and the prognosis of colon cancer based on the tumor microenvironment, and further explored possible small molecule inhibitors in order to provide more directions for clinical medication.
Method
We used transcriptomic and clinical data from colon cancer patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Using weighted gene co-expression network analysis(WGCNA) correlation analysis, the relationship between relevant clinical traits and prognosis was analyzed, and risk-related genes and lncRNAs were identified. Subsequently, we constructed a prognostic correlation model using LASSO regression and validated the model using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis. In addition, we performed correlation analyses of risk scores and characteristics for survival and prognosis.
Results
We found 147 immune genes and lncRNAs associated with prognosis by WGCNA analysis, and then used LASSO regression analysis and cross-validation to find 37 immune genes and lncRNAs corresponding to the points with the smallest errors for the construction of prognosis-related models, risk scoring was performed for each sample, and patients were divided into two groups according to the median value: low-risk group and high-risk group. Then differential analysis, survival analysis, prognostic analysis and bioinformatics analysis of tumor microenvironment were performed for genes and lncRNAs in the high and low risk groups to obtain differences in expression levels as well as risk scores in the high and low risk groups, which had a good predictive ability for the prognosis of colon cancer patients compared with other clinical biomarkers. By enrichment analysis, we found that these prognostically relevant genes were associated with multiple biological functions and multiple signaling pathways. In addition, small molecule drugs that can inhibit high-risk genes were found by analyzing genes in the CMAP database in high and low risk groups.
Conclusion
Our study systematically assessed the role of immune-related lncRNAs in the tumor microenvironment and colon cancer prognosis. Risk scores based on genes and lncRNAs can reflect the survival and prognosis of patients with colon cancer. Model validation also shows that the corresponding genes and lncRNAs can be used as reliable biomarkers for predicting the prognosis and treatment response of patients with colon cancer.
Anti-corrosion efficiency of Arum italicum root extracts, green synthesis of silver oxide nanoparticles and their applications for photocatalytic and antimicrobial activities
Authors: Zouied Daoiya , Chettah Wissame , Khalfoui Malika , Dob Karima , Bouzenad Nawal , Boulahsa Asma , Bouhali Hosna , Derdour Karima , Ammouchi Nesrine , Medjram Mohamed-Salah , Zouaoui Emna 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this work, we used the ethanolic extract of the Arum italicum plant as a corrosion inhibitor of ordinary steel. The ethanolic extract of the Arum italicum plant is a good corrosion inhibitor of ordinary steel in a 3% HCl solution and their efficiency depends on the concentration and temperature. The electrochemical study by polarization gives an excellent efficiency of 97.85% for a concentration of 750ppm which is in good agreement with the data obtained from EIS (97.21%). The polarization curves for the steel electrode show that the extract is of mixed type. The adsorption of this inhibitor on the steel surface follows the Langmuir isotherm and physisorbed on this surface. Green synthesized of Ag nanoparticles product shows a very significant photocatalytic activity where The photocatalytic degradation efficiency of about 98% observed for Ag NPs in the presence of 150 min of sunlight irradiations. So these observed results strongly indicate that Ag NPs are photocatalytically active under sunlight irradiation. It indicates that sunlight irradiation highly induces the photocatalytic process of Ag NPs. The antimicrobial activity results, reveal significant inhibition diameters for different concentrations of the substance tested against E. coli, S. aureus, and P. aeruginosa.. Silver nanoparticles demonstrated efficacy against both gram (+) and gram (-) bacteria, confirming their antimicrobial potential. In addition, a reduction in microbial growth was observed with increasing nanoparticle concentration.