bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improved reconstruction of solar magnetic fields from imaging spectropolarimetry through spatio-temporal regularisation
Authors: de la Cruz Rodríguez J. , Leenaarts J. 
Published: February 2024

Context.Determination of solar magnetic fields with a spatial resolution set by the diffraction limit of a telescope is difficult because the time required to measure the Stokes vector with sufficient signal-to-noise ratio is long compared to the solar evolution timescale. This difficulty becomes greater with increasing telescope size as the photon flux per diffraction-limited resolution element remains constant but the evolution timescale decreases linearly with the diffraction-limited resolution.Aims.We aim to improve magnetic field reconstruction at the diffraction limit without averaging the observations in time or space, and without applying noise filtering.Methods.The magnetic field vector tends to evolve more slowly than the temperature, velocity, or microturbulence. We exploit this by adding temporal regularisation terms for the magnetic field to the linear least-squares fitting used in the weak-field approximation, as well as to the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm used in inversions. The other model parameters are allowed to change in time without constraints. We infer the chromospheric magnetic field from Ca II854.2 nm observations using the weak field approximation and the photospheric magnetic field from Fe I617.3 nm observations, both with and without temporal regularisation.Results.Temporal regularisation reduces the noise in the reconstructed maps of the magnetic field and provides a better coherency in time in both the weak-field approximation and Milne-Eddington inversions.Conclusions.Temporal regularisation markedly improves magnetic field determination from spatially and temporally resolved observations.
Organsystem Plazenta
Authors: Klotzsch Anne-Katrin 
Published: February 2024

Wunderwerk mit großem ForschungspotenzialFür uns Hebammen ist klar, welch tragende Bedeutung die Plazenta rund um
Schwangerschaft und Geburt hat und wir ziehen sie stets in Betracht: Sie versorgt
mit lebenswichtigen Stoffen, entsorgt Abfallprodukte, verbindet Mutter und Kind bis
zum Ablösen nach der Geburt. Anlass genug, der Plazenta den Schwerpunkt zu
widmen:
Die robotisch-assistierte Hebung der DIEP-Lappenplastik zur
Brustrekonstruktion: Fallbericht, technische Aspekte und Identifikation
geeigneter Patientinnen
Authors: Hohenstein Ayla Antonia , Kraus Daniel , Zeller Johannes , Schneider Laura Anna , Liakos Nikolaos , Gratzke Christian , Juhasz-Böss Ingolf , Eisenhardt Steffen 
Published: February 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die robotisch-assistierte Hebung der Deep inferior epigastric
perforator (DIEP)-Lappenplastik ist eine innovative Modifikation der
konventionellen, als Standard etablierten offenen Präparation zur autologen
Brustrekonstruktion. Dabei wird angenommen, dass die kürzere Faszieninzision bei
der robotisch-assistierten DIEP-Hebung die Hebemorbidität (Hernien, Bulging)
verringert.
Material und Methoden Wir beschreiben hier erstmals einen Fall der
robotisch-assistierten DIEP-Hebung in Deutschland, der am Universitätsklinikum
Freiburg in interdisziplinärer Zusammenarbeit der Kliniken für Plastische
Chirurgie, Urologie und Gynäkologie durchgeführt wurde. Um die Wertigkeit dieser
neuen Technik weiter zu bestimmen führten wir retrospektiv eine
Bedarfskalkulation und Kostenanalyse anhand der zwischen April 2021 und Mai 2023
in der Klinik für Plastische Chirurgie des Universitätsklinikums Freiburg
durchgeführten Brustrekonstruktionen mit DIEP-Lappenplastik durch. Eine
retrospektive Analyse der präoperativen CT-Angiografien wurde durchgeführt, um
den Anteil der für ein robotisch-assistiertes Verfahren geeigneten Patientinnen
post hoc zu ermitteln. Wir beleuchten des Weiteren grundlegende Techniken der
robotisch-assistierten Technik und besprechen die laparoskopischen Zugangswege
TEP und TAPP.
Ergebnisse Ein kurzer intramuskulärer Verlauf≤25 mm und ein
Perforatordurchmesser≥1,5 mm bzw.≥2,7 mm (Subgruppe) wurden entsprechend der
Literatur als geeignete Voraussetzung zum robotisch-assistieren Verfahren für
unsere Analyse festgelegt. Von den 65 gehobenen DIEP-Lappenplastiken bei 51
Patientinnen erfüllten 26 DIEP-Lappenplastiken in 22 Patientinnen, bzw. 10
DIEP-Lappenplastiken in 10 Patientinnen die Kriterien (Subgruppe). Für die 26
identifizierten DIEP-Lappenplastiken konnte eine potenzielle Verkürzung der
Faszieninzision von 96,8±25,21 mm (Mittelwert±Standardabweichung) bestimmt
werden. Der Materialkostenmehraufwand betrug in unserem Fall 986,01 €. Zudem war
die Ischämiezeit 33,5 Minuten länger als der Median der Kohorte.
Schlussfolgerung Das robotisch-assistierte Verfahren hat sich bereits als
eine machbare Alternative bei geeignetem Patientinnenkollektiv erwiesen. Dass
die robotisch-assistierte DIEP-Hebung die Hebedefektmorbidität tatsächlich senkt
und somit den Kosten-/Mehraufwand gerechtfertigt ist, ist jedoch durch weitere
Studien zu zeigen.
Acute Necrotizing Pancreatitis Complicated With Sinistral Portal Hypertension And Mechanical Obstruction Of The Colon: A Case Report
Authors: Zhao Guijie , Wen Shuaiyong , Zhang Yu , Zhang Kun , Cui Yunfeng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAcute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP) is often associated with acute necrotic collection (ANC) or walled-off necrosis (WON). Due to the close anatomical connection between the pancreas, the spleen, and the transverse colon, necrotizing pancreatitis is often combined with spleen or colon involvement. Gastrointestinal dysfunction usually caused by pancreatitis leads to paralytic intestinal obstruction. However, pancreatitis combined with mechanical colonic obstruction is extremely rare. It can easily be misdiagnosed as malignant intestinal obstruction, and diagnosing the cause of intestinal obstruction becomes more critical when accompanied by Sinistral portal hypertension (SPH). Surgical resection is the primary method for the previous occurrence of colonic complications. In this case report, upon admission, a 37-year-old patient was diagnosed with acute necrotizing pancreatitis with sinistral portal hypertension. On the 6th day after admission, the patient developed a sudden colonic obstruction. After identifying the cause, the patient underwent a transanal decompression tube and minimally invasive necrosectomy, avoiding colon resection. In acute necrotizing pancreatitis combined with colonic mechanical obstruction, it is essential to clarify the etiology, and focus treatment on clearing the peripancreatic necrotic tissue, non-surgical treatment to deal with colonic obstruction is feasible, and the principle of individualized treatment should be used throughout the disease.
Technik der Koloninterposition zum Ösophagusersatz beim Ösophaguskarzinom
Authors: Hoeppner Jens 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungHeutzutage wird nur verhältnismäßig selten und in ausgewählten Situationen anstelle des
Magens ein Koloninterponat als Rekonstruktionsorgan für den Ersatz der Speiseröhre gewählt.
Das Kolon ist ein bewährtes und zuverlässiges Organ für den tubulären Ersatz der Speiseröhre,
wenn der Magen nicht für die Rekonstruktion der Speisepassage zur Verfügung steht. Die
Koloninterposition ist eine insgesamt komplexe und komplikationsbehaftete Operation. Sie
erfordert eine spezifische Indikationsstellung und eine gründliche präoperative Vorbereitung.
Technisch stellt die Koloninterposition hohe Anforderungen insbesondere an die Auswahl und
Präparation der vaskulären Versorgung des Rekonstruktionsorgans. Auch die Rekonstruktionsroute
und Hochführung des Interponats zum Ösophagus und die Notwendigkeit der Anlage von 3 oder 4
gastrointestinalen Anastomosen stellen deutlich höhere Anforderungen als die Rekonstruktion
mittels Magenschlauch. Insgesamt können trotz der deutlichen operationsbedingten Morbidität
zumeist ein gutes funktionelles Ergebnis und eine gute Lebensqualität erreicht werden. Die in
der eigenen Praxis erprobte Operationstechnik wird ausführlich beschrieben. Weiterhin wird auf
Basis der vorhandenen Literatur eine Übersicht über die Ergebnisse insbesondere in Hinblick
auf chirurgische Komplikationen und die Lebensqualität nach Koloninterposition gegeben.
Dislocation Does Not Seem To Be an Absolute Factor Effecting the Short- to Medium-Term Poor Prognosis of Patients with Acetabular Posterior Wall Fracture
Authors: Yao Yunfeng , Ye Houlong , Fang Wang , Feng Ru , Zhang Chun , Zheng Liujie , Lv Hao , Li Jun , Jing Juehua 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDislocation is a complication of acetabular fractures involving the posterior wall, but whether dislocation is an absolute factor impacting the short- to medium-term prognosis of the hip joint remains controversial. This study aimed to compare the short- to medium-term clinical and radiological results among patients diagnosed with an acetabular fracture involving the posterior wall, with or without dislocation.Seventy-nine patients diagnosed with an acetabular fracture involving the posterior wall were retrospectively divided into posterior dislocation and non-dislocation groups. All fractures were open reduction + internal fixation with a plate screw combination through the single Kocher-Langenbeck approach. The short- to medium-term radiographic outcomes of follow-up were evaluated using the Matta radiologic grading system, while the clinical outcomes were evaluated using the modified Merle d’Aubigné-Postel evaluation system.The mean follow-up duration for all patients was 43.90 (range 24–75) months. Both groups achieved similar short- to medium-term clinical and radiographic results. There seems to be no significant differences between the two groups regarding the short- to medium-term assessment of clinical and radiographic results and the occurrence of postoperative complications (p > 0.05).In patients with acetabular fractures involving the posterior wall, hip dislocation is probably not an absolute determinant of a poor outcome. Even with early reduction, the short- to medium-term prognosis results appear similar to those of patients without dislocation.
The Importance of Fetal Station in the First Stage of Labor
Authors: Jones Sara I. , Imo Chinonye S. , Zofkie Amanda C. , Ragsdale Alexandra S. , Mcintire Donald D. , Nelson David B. 
Published: February 2024

Objective This study aimed to examine the relationship of fetal station in the first stage of labor to labor curves and cesarean delivery rates among women presenting in spontaneous labor.
Study Design Labor curves for patients with nonanomalous singletons who presented in spontaneous labor to our hospital's Obstetric Triage Unit with intact membranes from January 1, 2012, to August 31, 2016, were reviewed. Cervical exams and time of exam were obtained for each patient from presentation to triage until delivery. Station for each presentation and cervical dilation was estimated using a random effects model and the slope of cervical station change was calculated to estimate the change in dilation by hour. Perinatal outcomes, including cesarean delivery rates, were examined according to fetal station at initial presentation. Factors known to affect labor curves—epidural analgesia, infant birth weight, maternal habitus, and parity—were also examined.
Results There were 8,123 patients presented in spontaneous labor with intact membranes. For patients presenting at 6-cm dilation, the rate of change of labor was significantly different when identified to have a station greater than 0 (+1 and more caudad) when compared with those with −1 and more cephalad station (both p < 0.001). This relationship persisted when analyzed according to epidural analgesia, birth weight, maternal habitus, and parity. The frequency of cesarean delivery was significantly higher for women presenting in spontaneous labor with negative fetal station (p < 0.05). When stratified across all dilation (3–9 cm), this trend remained significant (p < 0.001).
Conclusion In the first stage of labor, advanced fetal station was significantly associated with differing rates of labor progression, and positive fetal station was significantly less likely to result in cesarean delivery. Physical examination, including station, remains a critical element in labor management.
Key Points
The Effect of an Oxytocin Decision Support Checklist on Oxytocin Use and Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Kandahari Nazineen , Tucker Lue-Yen , Raine-Bennett Tina , Palacios Janelle , Schneider Allison N. , Mohta Vanitha J. 
Published: February 2024

Objective To assess the association between use of an oxytocin decision support checklist with oxytocin usage and clinical outcomes.
Study Design We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients with singleton gestations at 370/7 weeks or greater who received oxytocin during labor from October 2012 to February 2017 at an integrated community health care system during three exposure periods: (1) prechecklist; (2) after paper checklist implementation; and (3) after checklist integration into the electronic medical record (EMR). The checklist was a clinical decision support tool to standardize the dosing and management of oxytocin. Thus, our primary outcomes included oxytocin infusion rates and cumulative dose. Secondary outcomes included maternal and neonatal outcomes. We controlled for maternal risk factors with multivariable regression analysis and stratified by mode of delivery.
Results A total of 34,269 deliveries were included. Unadjusted analyses showed that compared with prechecklist, deliveries during the paper and EMR-integrated periods had a lower cumulative dose (4,670 ± 6,174 vs. 4,318 ± 5,719 and 4,286 ± 5,579 mU, p < 0.001 for both), lower maximal infusion rate (9.9 ± 6.8 vs. 8.7 ± 5.8 and 8.4 ± 5.6 mU/min, p < 0.001 for both), and longer duration of oxytocin use (576 ± 442 vs. 609 ± 476 and 627 ± 488 minutes, p < 0.001 and p = 0.01, respectively). The unadjusted rates of cesarean, 5-minute Apgar <7, mechanical ventilation, and neonatal hospital length of stay were similar between periods. The adjusted mean difference in time from admission to delivery was longer during the EMR-integrated period compared with prechecklist (3.0 [95% confidence interval: 2.7–3.3] hours, p < 0.001).
Conclusion Oxytocin checklist use was associated with decreased oxytocin use patterns at the expense of longer labor times. Findings were more pronounced with EMR integration.
Key Points
History of Cholestasis Is Not Associated with Worsening Outcomes in Subsequent Pregnancy with Cholestasis
Authors: Sarker Minhazur R. , Debolt Chelsea A. , Canfield Dana , Ferrara Lauren 
Published: February 2024

Objective Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes including intrauterine fetal demise, spontaneous preterm labor, and meconium-stained amniotic fluid. Studies have yet to determine if patients with a history of pregnancy complicated by cholestasis had an association with more severe adverse outcomes in a subsequent pregnancy complicated by cholestasis.
Study Design Retrospective cohort study of multiparous, singleton, nonanomalous live gestations complicated by cholestasis at Elmhurst Hospital Center from 2005 to 2019. We compared rates of adverse outcomes in multiparous pregnancies complicated by cholestasis with versus without prior cholestasis. Our primary outcome was rates of spontaneous preterm labor. Our secondary outcomes included rates of iatrogenic preterm birth, meconium-stained amniotic fluid, cesarean delivery for nonreassuring fetal heart tracing. Chi-square and multivariate regression tests were used to determine the strength of association. In all analyses, a p-value less than 0.05 and 95% confidence interval not crossing 1.00 indicated statistical significance. Mount Sinai Icahn School of Medicine Institutional Review Board approval was obtained for this project.
Results Of the 795 multiparous pregnancies complicated by cholestasis, 618 (77.7%) had no prior history of cholestasis and 177 (23.3%) had prior history of cholestasis. Multiparous pregnancies with history of cholestasis had higher rates of prior preterm birth, earlier gestational age at diagnosis and delivery, and were more likely to receive ursodeoxycholic acid therapy. Pregnancies with history of cholestasis were not associated with spontaneous preterm labor in subsequent pregnancies with cholestasis, but history of cholestasis was associated with iatrogenic preterm birth and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission. After adjusting for confounders, the association with iatrogenic preterm birth and NICU admission were no longer statistically significant. There was no significant association between history of cholestasis and other adverse obstetric outcomes.
Conclusion Findings suggests that history of prior cholestasis is not associated with worsening outcomes in subsequent pregnancies complicated by cholestasis.
Key Points
Insomnia Polygenic Component on Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder: Exploring this Association Using Genomic Data from Brazilian Families
Authors: Carpena Marina Xavier , Fraga Brenda Barbon , Martins-Silva Thais , Salatino-Oliveira Angélica , Genro Júlia Pasqualini , Polanczyk Guilherme V. , Zeni Cristian , Schmitz Marcelo , Chazan Rodrigo , Hutz Mara Helena , Rohde Luis Augusto , Tovo-Rodrigues Luciana 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Introduction Insomnia is highly prevalent among individuals with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). However, the biological mechanisms shared between both conditions is still elusive. We aimed to investigate whether insomnia's genomic component is able to predict ADHD in childhood and adolescence.
Methods A Brazilian sample of 259 ADHD probands and their biological parents were included in the study. Their genomic DNA genotypes were used to construct the polygenic risk score for insomnia (Insomnia PRS), using the largest GWAS summary statistics as a discovery sample. The association was tested using logistic regression, under a case-pseudocontrol design.
Results Insomnia PRS was nominally associated with ADHD (OR = 1.228, p = 0.022), showing that the alleles that increase the risk for insomnia also increase the risk for ADHD.
Discussion Our results suggest that genetic factors associated with insomnia may play a role in the ADHD genetic etiology, with both phenotypes likely to have a shared genetic mechanism.
Action of Carduus marianus 6cH on Hepatopathy and Gallstone in Ambystoma mexicanum (Axolotl): Case Report
Authors: Martins Jéssica Amâncio , Balbueno Melina Castilho de Souza , Coelho Cidéli de Paula 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background Carduus marianus is a Mediterranean plant used for treating liver diseases. One of its properties is that it inhibits fat peroxidation, which can contribute toward the prevention of metabolites that are harmful to the liver.
Objective The aim of this study was to describe the treatment of fatty liver disease in an axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum).
Methods An approximately 6-year-old female specimen of A. mexicanum, of length 21 cm and weight 153 g, presented edema in the rostral region and inappetence. Ultrasound showed hepatopathy and a gallbladder stone. A globule of C. marianus 6cH was diluted in 30 mL distilled water and administered in spray form over the animal twice a day.
Results Twenty days after the beginning of the treatment, improvement of the facial edema and return of appetite were observed. Ultrasound showed improvement in the appearance of the liver and reduction in the size of the gallstone. The Modified Naranjo Criteria for Homeopathy score was +9 in this case, thus suggesting a causal relationship between the use of homeopathic medicine and the clinical outcome.
Conclusion C. marianus 6cH appeared to be effective in treating fatty liver disease and gallstone in this specimen of A. mexicanum.
Giant Intracranial Cavernous Malformations: A Review on Magnetic Resonance Imaging Characteristics
Authors: Demir Mustafa Kemal , Kılıc Deniz , Zorlu Emre , Kılıc Turker 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background Intracranial cavernous malformations (CMs), commonly known as cavernomas or cavernous angiomas, are low-flow, well-circumscribed vascular lesions composed of sinusoidal spaces lined by a single layer of endothelium and separated by a collagenous matrix without elastin, smooth muscle, or other vascular wall elements. A diameter greater than 3 cm for a CM is unlikely. These lesions may have atypical appearances on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MRI with advanced techniques such as a susceptibility-weighted image or T2-gradient echo, a diffusion-weighted image and corresponding apparent diffusion coefficient map, and diffusion tensor tractography have revolutionized the diagnostic approach to these lesions.
Materials and Method The present study reviews the etiopathogenesis, clinical manifestations, MRI strategy, and MRI appearances of the CMs, with a few examples of the giant CMs from our archive.
Results Intracranial giant CMs may have unexpected locations, sizes, numbers, and varied imaging appearances due to repeated hemorrhages, unusual enhancement patterns, intense perifocal edema, and unusual associations, making the differential diagnosis difficult.
Conclusion Familiarity with the MRI appearances of the giant intracranial CMs and the differential diagnosis improves diagnostic accuracy and patient management.
The Role of Radiation Therapy in the Management of Prostate Cancer and Posttreatment Imaging Appearances
Authors: Ghosh Soumyadeep , Rosen Daniel B. , Pandey Ankur , Nakrour Nabih , Prajapati Priyanka , Harisinghani Mukesh , Kamran Sophia C. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractProstate cancer remains a significant global health concern, necessitating continuous research and innovation in treatment modalities. This review explores the currently employed techniques in radiation dose planning and tumor irradiation in the context of prostate cancer management. In addition, we delve into the nuances of expected posttreatment magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) appearances within the gland or in the prostate bed, postradiation tumor recurrence, and its mimics.Radiation therapy (RT) has evolved as a cornerstone in prostate cancer treatment, offering both curative and palliative solutions. Recent developments have seen the emergence of advanced techniques such as intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT), allowing for precise targeting of cancer cells while minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissue.The avoidance of normal tissue dose through more conformal dose distribution as in IMRT or proton therapy, improved imaging modalities as in multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) and prostate positron emission tomography (PET), interventional separation of critical structures from the prostate target, and many other techniques can greatly reduce the side effects of RT. These advancements enhance treatment efficacy and reduce the risk of side effects, promoting improved patient outcomes.