bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An approximate method for static and dynamic analyses of multi‐bay coupled shear walls
Authors: Bozdogan Kanat Burak , Ozturk Duygu , Nuhoglu Ayhan 
Published: August 2007

AbstractIn this study an approximate method based on the continuum approach and transfer matrix method for static and dynamic analyses of multi‐bay coupled shear walls is presented. The whole structure is idealized as a sandwich beam in this method. Initially the differential equation of this equivalent sandwich beam is written, then shape functions for each storey can be obtained by the solution of differential equations. By using boundary conditions and storey transfer matrices which are obtained by these shape functions, system modes and periods can be calculated. Reliability of the study is shown with a few examples. A computer program has been developed in MATLAB and numerical samples have been solved for demonstration of the reliability of this method. The results of the samples display the agreement between the present method and the other methods given in the literature. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
High frequency of missense mutations in glycogen storage disease type VI
Authors: Beauchamp N. J. , Taybert J. , Champion M. P. , Layet V. , Heinz‐Erian P. , Dalton A. , Tanner M. S. , Pronicka E. , Sharrard M. J. 
Published: August 2007

SummaryDeficiency of liver glycogen phosphorylase in glycogen storage disease (GSD) type VI results in a reduced ability to mobilize glucose from glycogen. Six mutations of the PYGL gene, which encodes the liver isoform of the enzyme, have been identified in the literature. We have characterized eight patients from seven families with GSD type VI and identified 11 novel PYGL gene defects. The majority of the mutations were missense, resulting in the substitution of highly conserved residues. These could be grouped into those that were predicted to affect substrate binding (p.V456M, p.E673K, p.S675L, p.S675T), pyridoxal phosphate binding (p.R491C, p.K681T), or activation of glycogen phosphorylase (p.Q13P) or that had an unknown effect (p.N632I and p.D634H). Two mutations were predicted to result in null alleles, p.R399X and [c.1964_1969inv6;c.1969+1_+4delGTAC]. Only 7 of the 23 (30%) reported PYGL alleles carry nonsense, splice site or frameshift mutations compared to 68–80% of affected alleles of the highly homologous muscle glycogen phosphorylase gene, PYGM, that underlie McArdle disease. There was heterogeneity in the clinical symptoms observed in affected individuals. These varied from hepatomegaly and subclinical hypoglycaemia, to severe hepatomegaly with recurrent severe hypoglycaemia and postprandial lactic acidosis. We conclude that deficiency of liver glycogen phosphorylase is predominantly the result of missense mutations affecting enzyme activity. There are no common mutations and the severity of clinical symptoms varies significantly.
Roles of riparian and secondary forests in maintaining the near‐threatened butterfly, Sasakia charonda (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae), populations in Japan
Authors: Kobayashi Takato , Nakashizuka Tohru , Kitahara Masahiko , Kubo Masako , Ito Shoko 
Published: August 2007

AbstractTo clarify the habitat requirements of the near‐threatened butterfly, Sasakia charonda (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae), we studied the distribution pattern of its host trees, Celtis sinensis and Celtis jessoensis, and the utilization patterns of various vegetation types by this butterfly in the Oofukasawa River basin in Hokuto City, Yamanashi Prefecture, central Japan. Two species of host trees, C. sinensis and C. jessoensis (height = 2 m or more) were found in riparian forests on sandbanks (hereinafter, riparian forest), in forest regenerated after landslides on valley walls (landslide tracks), in secondary deciduous forests consisting mainly of Quercus acutissima or Quercus serrata and in forests established at abandoned paddy fields and their periphery, where weeds and shrubs used to be mown frequently to avoid shade on the paddies before their abandonment. This suggests that they are pioneer species, and their distribution and regeneration depend on natural and/or human disturbances. Host trees above 2 m were preferred by larvae, and there were very few such trees in secondary forests. More overwintering larvae occurred in riparian forests than at other sites. The number of S. charonda adults was highest at the edge of riparian forests, and we observed a variety of behaviors such as puddling, chasing and mating there. Although the number of adult butterflies was smaller inside and at the edge of secondary forests than in riparian forests, puddling by males and roosting on the trunk of Q. acutissima or Q. serrata by females were observed more frequently there than in riparian forests. Thus, we conclude that landscapes including both riparian forests with natural disturbance and secondary forests with Quercus trees are necessary to maintain host Celtis trees and S.charonda populations.
Characteristic Oxidation Products of Choline Plasmalogens are Detectable in Cattle and Roe Deer Spermatozoa by MALDI‐TOF Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Fuchs Beate , Müller Karin , Göritz Frank , Blottner Steffen , Schiller Jürgen 
Published: August 2007

AbstractPlasmalogens (1‐O‐alk‐1′‐enyl‐2‐acyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphocholines and ‐phosphoethanolamines) are important constituents of spermatozoa membranes and possess significant antioxidative properties. This particularly holds as plasmalogens from spermatozoa also possess a very high content of highly unsaturated fatty acyl residues (especially 22:6). The organic spermatozoa extracts of two different ruminants (cattle and roe deer) were analyzed for their contents of characteristic choline plasmalogen oxidation products by matrix‐assisted laser desorption and ionization time‐of‐flight (MALDI‐TOF) mass spectrometry. It will be shown that 1‐hydroxy‐2‐docosahexaenoyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphocholine (LPC 22:6) and formyl‐LPC 22:6 are reliable measures of lipid oxidation of spermatozoa and allow, accordingly, conclusions about the storage conditions. All data on spermatozoa were also confirmed by the investigation of the oxidation behavior of selected reference compounds. It will be shown that, equally if plasmalogens or diacyl PC species are used, oxidation takes place primarily at the double bond next to the glycerol backbone. These data were additionally confirmed by recording the corresponding post source decay (PSD) fragment ion spectra.
Benign schwannoma in paranasal sinuses: a clinico-pathological study of five cases, emphasising diagnostic difficulties
Authors: Sheikh H Y , Chakravarthy R P , Slevin N J , Sykes A J , Banerjee S S 
Published: August 2007

AbstractObjectives:To highlight the difficulty in making a correct diagnosis of benign schwannoma in the paranasal region, to raise awareness of this rare condition, and to suggest the most appropriate treatment.Method:Retrieval of cases retrospectively from archives of the histopathology department of a major UK cancer centre with central review of all cases.Results:Five cases were identified since 1990 and clinical and pathological features are summarised. Median follow up of patients was 8.1 years. Radiological appearances of local bone invasion and histological features of tumour unencapsulation and hypercellularity could give the mistaken impression of malignant disease and lead to unnecessary over-treatment.Conclusion:Central pathological review and clinical awareness is required. Although local recurrence can occur, the prognosis is excellent. The treatment of choice is local excision. Radiotherapy can be considered, but in most cases it would incur unnecessary morbidity.
Relationship between tuberculous otomastoiditis and tuberculous meningitis
Authors: Sonmez G , Turhan V , Senol M G , Ozturk E , Sildiroglu H O , Mutlu H 
Published: August 2007

AbstractObjective:The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between tuberculous meningitis and tuberculous otomastoiditis.Materials and methods:Meningeal involvement sites were investigated by magnetic resonance imaging in 32 patients (21 males, 11 females) who had previously been diagnosed with tuberculous meningitis. Clinical and laboratory findings and responses to anti-tuberculous treatment were evaluated, and the presence of concomitant tuberculous otomastoiditis was also investigated.Results:The meningeal involvement site was unilateral (in the sylvian fissure and the perimesencephalic cistern) in 28 patients (87.5 per cent), and bilateral and widespread in four patients (12.5 per cent). Tuberculous otomastoiditis was found in 11 of the patients with tuberculous meningitis (34.3 per cent). Otomastoiditis was on the same side as the meningeal involvement in nine of these 11 patients. Bilateral otomastoiditis with meningeal involvement was observed in two patients.Conclusions:Tuberculous meningitis is frequently accompanied by otomastoiditis, although the exact causal relationship between the two conditions is unclear. Since meningitis is a serious clinical condition, concomitant otomastoiditis generally remains unrecognised. Tuberculosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with otitis or otomastoiditis who do not respond to antibiotic therapy.
Cantor sets of circles of Sierpiński curve Julia sets
Authors: DEVANEY ROBERT L. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractOur goal in this paper is to give an example of a one-parameter family of rational maps for which, in the parameter plane, there is a Cantor set of simple closed curves consisting of parameters for which the corresponding Julia set is a Sierpiński curve. Hence, the Julia sets for each of these parameters are homeomorphic. However, each of the maps in this set is dynamically distinct from (i.e. not topologically conjugate to) any other map in this set (with only finitely many exceptions). We also show that, in the dynamical plane for any map drawn from a large open set in the connectedness locus in this family, there is a Cantor set of invariant simple closed curves on which the map is conjugate to the product of certain subshifts of finite type with the maps $z \mapsto \pm z^n$ on the unit circle.
ELHISA: An architecture for the integration of heterogeneous lexical information
Authors: ARTOLA XABIER , SOROA AITOR 
Published: August 2007

AbstractThe design and construction of lexical resources is a critical issue in Natural Language Processing (NLP). Real-world NLP systems need large-scale lexica, which provide rich information about words and word senses at all levels: morphologic, syntactic, lexical semantics, etc., but the construction of lexical resources is a difficult and costly task. The last decade has been highly influenced by the notion of reusability, that is, the use of the information of existing lexical resources in constructing new ones. It is unrealistic, however, to expect that the great variety of available lexical information resources could be converted into a single and standard representation schema in the near future. The purpose of this article is to present the ELHISA system, a software architecture for the integration of heterogeneous lexical information. We address, from the point of view of the information integration area, the problem of querying very different existing lexical information sources using a unique and common query language. The integration in ELHISA is performed in a logical way, so that the lexical resources do not suffer any modification when integrating them into the system. ELHISA is primarily defined as a consultation system for accessing structured lexical information, and therefore it does not have the capability to modify or update the underlying information. For this purpose, a General Conceptual Model (GCM) for describing diverse lexical data has been conceived. The GCM establishes a fixed vocabulary describing objects in the lexical information domain, their attributes, and the relationships among them. To integrate the lexical resources into the federation, a Source Conceptual Model (SCM) is built on the top of each one, which represents the lexical objects concurring in each particular source. To answer the user queries, ELHISA must access the integrated resources, and, hence, it must translate the query expressed in GCM terms into queries formulated in terms of the SCM of each source. The relation between the GCM and the SCMs is explicitly described by means of mapping rules called Content Description Rules. Data integration at the extensional level is achieved by means of the data cleansing process, needed if we want to compare the data arriving from different sources. In this process, the object identification step is carried out. Based on this architecture, a prototype named ELHISA has been built, and five resources covering a broad scope have been integrated into it so far for testing purposes. The fact that such heterogeneous resources have been integrated with ease into the system shows, in the opinion of the authors, the suitability of the approach taken.
Case of subcutaneous sparganosis: Use of imaging in definitive preoperative diagnosis
Authors: SARUKAWA Shunji , KAWANABE Takeshi , YAGASAKI Akiko , SHIMIZU Akira , SHIMADA Shinji 
Published: August 2007

ABSTRACTHerein, we report a rare case of subcutaneous sparganosis in a 60‐year‐old Japanese woman. She had a 2 cm × 2 cm elastic‐hard, subcutaneous nodule, which was the larva of a tapeworm, and a surrounding granuloma in her internal thigh. It was thought that she became infected by drinking water contaminated with the worm. She was definitively diagnosed by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). After excision of the lesion, the titer of ELISA showed clear decline; therefore, we could conclude that she had been completely freed from sparganosis. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound sonography of her subcutaneous nodule demonstrated the characteristic signs: a band‐like structure in the MRI and a coiled linear hypoechoic body in a clear, oval mass in the ultrasound sonography.
Past Experience of Advice and Treatment for Drinking Problems of Patients with Alcoholic Liver Disease
Authors: Saunders John B. , Wodak A. D. , Williams Roger 
Published: August 2007

SummaryUsing a standarised questionnaire we interviewed 156 patients with newly‐diagnosed alcoholic liver disease to establish whether they had been advised in the past to reduce their alcohol consumption and if they had been referred for treatment of an alcohol problem. A detailed assessment of their lifetime alcohol intake and severity of alcohol dependence was also undertaken. Most patients has a long history of excessive drinking (mean duration 17.3 years), yet only 69 (44%) said thay they had been advised by their general practitioners to reduce or stop drinking. This was corroborated by a review of a case records. Only 35 patients (22%) had been referred to a hospital clinic and 16 (10%) had attended an alcoholism counselling service or Alcoholics Anonymous. Patients who had received some intervention had a relatively higher mean daily alcohol intake and were more severely dependent on alcohol. These results suggest that most patients who develop alcoholic liver disease escape detection for many years because they have a relatively mild alcohol dependence syndrome. To limit the increasing morbidity from alcoholic liver disease emphasis must be placed on trying to identify and treat a broader spectrum of excessive drinkers than has been the case hitherto.
Different angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors have similar clinical efficacy after myocardial infarction
Authors: Hansen Morten L. , Gislason Gunnar H. , Køber Lars , Schramm Tina Ken , Folke Fredrik , Buch Pernille , Abildstrom Steen Z. , Madsen Mette , Rasmussen Søren , Torp‐Pedersen Christian 
Published: August 2007

What is already known about this subject • Treatment with an angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor benefits many patients with cardiovascular disease.• ACE inhibitors are generally assumed to be equally effective, but this has never been fully verified in clinical trials. What this study adds • Studying the association among ACE inhibitors after myocardial infarction demonstrated similarity in clinical outcome and supports a dosage–response relationship.• Therefore, for long‐term benefits for patients who need treatment with an ACE inhibitor, a focus of treatment at the recommended dosage is most important and not which ACE inhibitor is used.AimTherapy with angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors is common after myocardial infarction (MI). Given the lack of randomized trials comparing different ACE inhibitors, the association among ACE inhibitors after MI in risk for mortality and reinfarction was studied.MethodsPatients hospitalized with first‐time MI (n = 16 068) between 1995 and 2002, who survived at least 30 days after discharge and claimed at least one prescription of ACE inhibitor, were identified using nationwide administrative registries in Denmark.ResultsAdjusted Cox regression analysis demonstrated no differences in risk for all‐cause mortality, but patients using captopril had higher risk of reinfarction (hazard ratio 1.18, 95% confidence interval 1.05, 1.34). However, following adjustment for differences in used dosages, all ACE inhibitors had similar clinical efficacy. Risk of all‐cause mortality: trandolapril (reference) 1.00, ramipril 0.97 (0.89, 1.05), enalapril 1.04 (0.95, 1.150), captopril 0.95 (0.83, 1.08), perindopril 0.98 (0.84, 1.15) and other ACE inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB) 1.06 (0.94, 1.19). Reinfarction: trandolapril (reference) 1.00, ramipril 0.98 (0.89, 1.08), enalapril 1.04 (0.92, 1.17), captopril 1.05 (0.89, 1.25), perindopril 0.96 (0.81, 1.14) and other ACE inhibitors or ARB 0.99 (0.86, 1.14). Furthermore, the association between ARBs and clinical events was similar to ACE inhibitors (trandolapril reference): all‐cause mortality 0.99 (0.84, 1.16) and recurrent MI 0.99 (0.83, 1.19).ConclusionsOur results suggest a class effect among ACE inhibitors when used in comparable dosages. Focus on treatment at the recommended dosage is therefore most important, and not which ACE inhibitor is used.
Inhibition of Akt induces significant downregulation of survivin and cytotoxicity in human multiple myeloma cells
Authors: Hideshima Teru , Catley Laurence , Raje Noopur , Chauhan Dharminder , Podar Klaus , Mitsiades Constantine , Tai Yu‐Tzu , Vallet Sonia , Kiziltepe Tanyel , Ocio Enrique , Ikeda Hiroshi , Okawa Yutaka , Hideshima Hiromasa , Munshi Nikhil C. , Yasui Hiroshi , Richardson Paul G. , Anderson Kenneth C. 
Published: August 2007

SummaryAkt mediates growth and drug resistance in multiple myeloma (MM) cells in the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment. We have shown that a novel Akt inhibitor Perifosine induces significant cytotoxicity in MM cells in the BM milieu. This study further delineated molecular mechanisms whereby Perifosine triggered cytotoxicity in MM cells. Neither the intensity of Jun NH2‐terminal kinase phosphorylation nor caspase/poly (ADP‐ribose) polymerase cleavage correlated with Perifosine‐induced cytotoxicity in MM.1S, INA6, OPM1 and OPM2 MM cells. However, survivin, which regulates caspase‐3 activity, was markedly downregulated by Perifosine treatment, without changes in other anti‐apoptotic proteins. Downregulation of survivin by siRNA significantly inhibited OPM1 MM cell growth, confirming that survivin mediates MM cell survival. Perifosine significantly downregulated both function and protein expression of β‐catenin. Co‐culture with BM stromal cells (BMSCs) upregulated both β‐catenin and survivin expression in MM cells, which was blocked by Perifosine. Importantly, Perifosine treatment also downregulated survivin expression in human MM cells grown in vivo in a severe combined immunodeficient mouse xenograft model. Finally, Perifosine inhibited bortezomib‐induced upregulation of survivin, associated with enhanced cytotoxicity of combined bortezomib and Perifosine treatment. These preclinical studies provide the framework for clinical trials of bortezomib with Perifosine to improve patient outcome in MM.
CD154 induces a switch in pro‐survival Bcl‐2 family members in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia
Authors: Willimott Shaun , Baou Maria , Naresh Kikkeri , Wagner Simon D. 
Published: August 2007

SummaryChronic lymphocytic leukaemia cells survive and proliferate in patients but rapidly die in culture. The microenvironment that sustains leukaemic cells in vivo contains both stromal cell elements and T cells. We defined changes in Bcl‐2 family protein expression on culture with CD40 ligand (CD154) expressed on mouse fibroblast L cells, and interleukin‐4 (IL‐4; CD154/IL‐4 system): conditions that support survival and proliferation. Unexpectedly, Bcl‐2 protein expression decreased whilst pro‐survival Bcl‐xL (as well as A1 and Mcl‐1) increased. However, the CD154‐L cell/IL‐4 system also increased the pro‐apoptotic proteins, Bid and Noxa, suggesting that an increased pool of pro‐survival factors and not the effects of a single protein mediate survival. Most pro‐apoptotic proteins were not induced in drug or spontaneous apoptosis, but expression of Bcl‐xS, a pro‐apoptotic BCL2L1 isoform, was associated with cell death. This was post‐transcriptionally controlled, and, therefore, alternative splicing at the Bcl‐x locus appears to have a role in the regulation of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) cell survival. This study demonstrated a switch in pro‐survival proteins associated with the transition from quiescence to CD154‐driven proliferation. CLL therapies targeting Bcl‐2 may need to be modified to antagonize proliferation centre‐specific pro‐survival proteins.
The effect of aromatherapy massage with music on the stress and anxiety levels of emergency nurses: comparison between summer and winter
Authors: Cooke Marie , Holzhauser Kerri , Jones Mark , Davis Cathy , Finucane Julie 
Published: August 2007

Aims and objectives.  This research aimed to evaluate the use of aromatherapy massage and music as an intervention to cope with the occupational stress and anxiety that emergency department staff experience. The study also aimed to compare any differences in results between a summer and winter 12‐week massage plan.Background.  Emergency nurses are subjected to significant stressors during their work and it is known that workloads and patient demands influence the role stress has on nurses. The perception that winter months are busier for emergency departments has long been held and there is some evidence that people with cardiac and respiratory dysfunction do present more frequently in the winter months. Massage has been found to decrease staff anxiety.Design.  The study used a one‐group pre‐test, post‐test quasi‐experimental design with random assignment.Method.  Staff occupational stress was assessed pre‐ and post‐ 12 weeks of aromatherapy massage with music and anxiety was measured pre and post each massage session. Sick leave was also measured. Comparisons of summer and winter data were undertaken.Results.  A total of 365 massages were given over two 12‐week periods, one during summer and the other during winter. Analysis identified that aromatherapy massage with music significantly reduced anxiety for both seasonal periods. Premassage anxiety was significantly higher in winter than summer. No differences in sick leave and workload were found. There was no difference in the occupational stress levels of nurses following the two 12‐week periods of massage.Conclusion.  Emergency nurses were significantly more anxious in winter than summer but this cannot be attributed to increased sick leave or workloads. Aromatherapy massage with music significantly reduced emergency nurses’ anxiety.Relevance to clinical practice.  High levels of anxiety and stress can be detrimental to the physical and emotional health of emergency nurses and the provision of a support mechanism such as on‐site massage as an effective strategy should be considered.