bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing hierarchical remote preparation of an arbitrary n-qudit equatorial state by weak measurement and measurement reversal
Authors: Yan Xia , Ma Songya , Jin Si 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Based on the demand for safer and more efficient quantum network communication, we propose two deterministic protocols to achieve the remote preparation of an arbitrary n-qudit equatorial states among multiple agents by selecting appropriate entanglement resources. The level of the agents varies depending on their authorities to restore the secret state. The superior agent requires the cooperation of the residual superior agents and any one of the subordinate agents, while the subordinate agent needs the help of all the other agents. To be emphasized, the recovery operations are deduced by general formulas that distinctly elucidate their relevance with the measurement outcomes. Additionally, we discuss the impact of amplitude damping noise and utilize weak measurement and measurement reversal to suppress noise.
DFT+U, TB-mBJ, and hybrid approaches: investigating electronic topology and magnetic properties in Sn-doped Co2TiGa
Authors: Bensaid Djillali , Yahia Azzaz , Hebri Salem , Bendouma Doumi , Noureddine Moulay 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Cobalt-based Heusler compounds represent a new class of Heusler alloys which absorbed a lot of attention due to their performance in spintronics and magnetic devices. in this paper we have studied and analyzed the electronic structure and half-metallic ferromagnetic properties of Co2TiGa and Sn substituted at Ga site via the density functional theory (DFT) based first principle calculations with GGA-PBE, PBE+U, TB-MBJ exchange correlation potential and HSE06 approach. The band structure topology indicates that the parent ternary Heusler compound is ferromagnetic half-metallic with a half-metallic gap (band gap in the minority channel). The gap is increased according to the correction made on the exchange correlation potential. The half-metallic ferromagnetic behavior is confirmed by the total magnetizations which are very close to integrals Bohr magneton (1 μ
B and 3μ
B for Co2TiGa and Mn2TiGa0.5Sn0.5, respectively). The origin of half-metallic ferromagnetic is the p − d exchange and double-exchange interaction between the Co d-t2g states and neighboring Ti atom. The substitution effect on half-metallicity for Co2TiGa0.5 Sn0.5 was investigated in the tetragonal structure. The spontaneous magnetization obeyed the Slater-Pauling rule, indicating the Co2TiGa0.5 Sn0.5 is half-metal with 100% spin polarization.
Dynamic analysis based on a memristive hyperchaotic system with stable unfixed point and its synchronization application
Authors: Zhu Kailing , Bai Yulong , Dong Qianqian 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
A novel two-memristor hyperchaotic system is obtained by introducing a cubic magnetic-controlled memristor and a hyperbolic sine function memristor. The dynamics of the new system are analyzed by various techniques such as Lyapunov exponents, complexity, 0–1 test, bifurcation diagram and phase diagram. The results demonstrate that the new system exhibits complex dynamic behaviors, including transient chaos, transient transition, intermittent chaos, and offset-boosting. Notably, a rare phenomenon with stable unfixed point has been discovered in this newly proposed system. The largest Lyapunov exponent of the stable unfixed point fluctuates around 0 and remains predominantly less than or equal to 0. Despite this, the new system still partially exhibits chaotic characteristics, indicating that the stable unfixed point can be regarded as a local chaotic attractor. Furthermore, there are four types of coexisting attractors with period-period, chaos-chaos, chaos-stable unfixed point and stable unfixed point-stable unfixed point in the new system. The circuit design is implemented to validate the accuracy of the memristive chaotic system, and the consistency between numerical calculations and simulation results is confirmed. Finally, the coupling synchronization and tracking synchronization methods are designed, which hold practical applications in the field of secure communication, control systems and signal processing.
Magnetic splitting of electromagnetically induced transparency and absorption spectra in a standing-wave coupled lambda-type system
Authors: Hussain Bakht , Khan Sadiq Nawaz , Ilyas Muhammad , Anwar Muhammad , Ikram Manzoor 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We study the splitting of traveling wave and standing wave coupled Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT) and Electromagnetically Induced enhanced Absorption (EIA) lines in the presence of a uniform magnetic field in an Electromagnetically Induced Grating (EIG). We realize a Λ-type system in a room-temperature Doppler-broadened buffer-gas-free, unshielded vapor cell of pure 133Cs atoms. Different orientations of the magnetic field are studied while the polarizations of the coupling and probe laser beams are arranged in the lin⊥lin configuration. The effects of the different field directions on the EIT and the EIG-induced EIA are explained in light of the existing theory. The magnetically induced high-contrast features in the EIG scheme are also discussed in comparison to the low-contrast EIT features observed for the same strengths of magnetic field.
Engineering the flexibility and elastic modulus of graphene by heterojunctions
Authors: Liu Lizhao , Li Yi , Jiang Xue 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Graphene shows both superior flexibility and excellent mechanical strength. The fabricated graphene samples usually contain various defects like grain boundaries, which can either enhance or weaken the mechanical strength of graphene. So, exploring the effects of grain boundaries on the flexibility of graphene is useful in designing graphene-based flexible devices. Employing the first-principles calculation, flexibilities of graphene heterojunctions were studied, aiming to tailor the flexibility of graphene by heterojunctions. Here, by connecting armchair (AC) and zigzag (ZZ) graphene through grain boundaries, graphene heterojunctions with tunable AC to ZZ ratio were constructed. It was found that bending moduli, as well as Young’s moduli, of graphene heterojunctions are lower than the pristine graphene and can be further tailored by the AC to ZZ ratio, making graphene heterojunctions more flexible than graphene. Particularly, changing the AC to ZZ ratio can even alter the relative flexibility of graphene heterojunctions in different directions. Therefore, graphene heterojunction provides an approach to engineer the flexibility of graphene, which is helpful in understanding the mechanical properties of two-dimensional materials and designing the flexible devices.
White light diffraction phase microscopy for imaging of red blood cells for different storage times
Authors: Kocahan Özlem , Çelebioğlu Nesrin , Uyanık Merve 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In this study, the effects of different storage times on the surface morphology of red blood cells (RBCs) were investigated using white light diffraction phase microscopy (WDPM). Blood samples collected from 10 volunteer and stored for 56 days, were imaged on WDPM at every 7 days without any sample preparation. To obtain the phase profiles of RCBs, first the sample and then the reference interferograms were obtained from the experimental setup. Then, surface profiles were calculated from these interferogram images using Fourier transform (FT). With the experiment performed every 7 days, 10 RBC phase information were obtained from each sample and surface profiles were created. From these profiles, 7 parameters related with RBC morphology (average cell thickness—ACT; mean corpuscular volume—MCV; projected surface area—PSA; total surface area—SA; diameter—D; mean corpuscular haemoglobin—MCH; surface area to volume ratio - SAV) have been calculated. Therefore, changes in the morphology of RBCs during storage were evaluated quantitatively. Additionally, phase calibration target was used to confirm the accuracy of our experimental setup system. From the interferogram images, the depth of the phase target (GRP 9 and element 3) was obtained as 309 nm, in accordance with the produced depth. By this way, the reliability of the WDPM setup is demonstrated. This study suggests that the morphology of RBCs can be quantitatively obtained in a reliable manner at higher resolution with WDPM without sample preparation.
Studies on effect of failure modes on mechanical properties of staggered composites
Authors: A J Abhirami , S Anup 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Biological materials such as bone, nacre, antler, and teeth are gifted with excellent mechanical properties that have inspired the development of synthetic composites. These superior properties are attributed to the geometrical as well as the material properties of the constituents at a small scale. This paper is focused on the influence of failure modes over the mechanical properties including stiffness, strength, and toughness, after the failure of different interfaces in staggered bio-inspired structures such as regular and stairwise staggered arrangements where stiff platelets are embedded in a pliant matrix. In order to find these properties, this article develops a novel analytical model for stress transfer and effective Young’s modulus of a stairwise staggered composite based on composite micro-mechanics principles. The results indicate that the failure sequence indeed influences mechanical characteristics such as stiffness, strength, and toughness. Also, the results from the present study is capable of quantifying the major contribution of toughness that is obtained from the vertical interface failure, which is ignored in previous studies for estimating the toughness. The results indicate that a toughness contribution as high as 56% from the inclusion of the first failure can be obtained in a stairwise staggered composite. The influence of significant parameters like Young’s moduli ratio between the platelet and matrix (

E
p

/

E
m

) over the strength at different modes of failure showed that the strength at first and second failures increases as the

E
p

/

E
m

ratio increases. The findings of this study hold significant potential for predicting the failure sequences with their quantified contributions towards the mechanical properties of a bio-inspired staggered composite.
Strategic roadmap for optimising vehicle emission reductions and electrification
Authors: Nakamoto Yuya , Tokito Shohei , Hanaka Tesshu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPrompted by policy support, battery electric vehicles (BEVs) have become increasingly popular in many countries and economies. To ensure that vehicle electrification contributes to reduction in emissions, governments should develop appropriate transition plans that consider the lifecycle CO2emissions of these vehicles. In this study, we aimed to establish an emission reduction-focused transition trajectory for vehicle electrification using lifecycle optimisation. Through a Japan-centric case study spanning from 2005 to 2055, we identified an optimal fuel-type progression for car owners, underlining the potential for BEVs to be introduced in the 2030s, a decade ahead of the baseline, if higher emission reduction can be attained. Policymakers are advised to facilitate a gradual shift toward hybrid electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles that initially outperform BEVs in emissions, until a robust level of lifecycle CO2reduction is achieved within the automotive sector. This study contributes to the discourse by offering a strategic roadmap for maximising emission reduction through targeted vehicle electrification, making it pertinent and informative for both policymakers and stakeholders. The insights underscore the critical role of deliberate policy interventions in orchestrating a sustainable and effective transition toward a lower-emission transportation paradigm.
Theoretical Foundations of Designing for Darkness
Authors: Stone Taylor 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This paper sketches the theoretical foundations of designing for darkness. Drawing from (lighting) design theory, philosophy of technology, and environmental ethics, it argues that we have an opportunity to re-examine the meaning and experiences of darkness, exploring why and how we should protect or re-introduce darkness into urban nightscapes – not as a constraint, but a constructive goal for urban lighting. It is further positioned as a formative, not prescriptive, framework: bounding and guiding a flexible design process, and able to inform different strategies and approaches. Framed in this way, three core principles are outlined that serve as moral and aesthetic goals for urban lighting. The first is aspirational, situating ‘darkening cities’ as a type of urban (ecological) restoration akin to greening cities. This requires seeing urban darkness as a critical natural infrastructure that can bring both material and social benefits. The second is evaluative, specifying the value-level design requirements to be fostered in urban nightscapes. Lighting strategies should, as a prima facie obligation, promote and preserve the values of darkness. The third principle is experiential, exploring how strategies can create the conditions for positive experiences of – and engagement with – urban darkness. In combination, they offer a means to specify darkness as a design requirement, as well as a reflexive tool to assess and refine the overarching theory of designing for darkness.
Light formed through urban morphology and different organism groups: First findings from a systematic review.
Authors: Dincel S , Besenecker U , Koch D , Zielinska-Dabkowska KM 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The prevailing implementation and usage of contemporary lighting technologies and design practices in cities have created over-illuminated built environments. Recent studies indicate that exposure to electric lighting effects formed through spatial characteristics has visual, physiological, and behavioural effects on both humans and non-humans, such as wildlife. In order to gain a better understanding of the impact that electric lighting has on space and different organism groups, a comprehensive literature review was conducted applying PRISMA 2020 systematic review guidelines. Results of the searches from various databases, such as Web of Science, PubMed and Scopus, identified 5260 related studies. A total of 55 papers connected to four themes: (1) urban morphology; (2) human visual impressions; (3) ecological impacts; and (4) design approaches and methods were analysed with a focus on urban morphology. The review provided the following general findings: lighting properties alone are inadequate to depict visual impressions of pedestrians, patterns formed through light interacting with spatial characteristics can contribute to understanding how spaces are visually perceived and help characterising the exposure of wildlife organisms to potential disturbances.
Coping with darkness: residents’ experience of reduced outdoor lighting in neighbourhoods
Authors: Mattsson P , Smidt-Hart B 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Despite ongoing replacement of old lighting installations with new energy-efficient light emitting diodes, the energy crisis has led to the implementation of strategies for reducing energy use for public outdoor lighting in neighbourhood environments. This would save money and reduce light pollution; however, the situations should be evaluated from the residents’ perspective. This paper presents a pilot study, which aimed to explore how residents experience and respond to reduced outdoor lighting in their neighbourhoods during dark hours, by applying the adapted Human-Environment Interaction model to understand the relation between outdoor lighting quality, neighbourhood quality and local independent mobility from the residents’ perspective. The pilot study was based on a short questionnaire (N =76, 29 males, 47 females, Mage = 66.66 years) and telephone or online interviews (N = 13, 5 males, 8 females, Mage = 68.08 years) with the residents living in the neighbourhood areas, in Southern Sweden, where strategies were employed for reducing the use of public outdoor lighting. Data were collected between February and March 2023. Overall, the results affirmed the important role of outdoor lighting quality in residents’ experience of neighbourhood environments and local independent mobility (i.e. the ability of residents to walk or move around on their own in their neighbourhood area), whereas the effect of reduced outdoor lighting was rather insignificant. The interviews further showed different experiences of the reduced outdoor lighting and how the residents coped with the lighting conditions by using solutions (i.e. headlamps, flashlights, bike lamps and reflectors), and that high-level perceived safety from crime in the neighbourhoods was found to play an important role in local independent mobility during dark hours. The adapted conceptual model allowed for the evaluation of outdoor lighting conditions considering both internal and external factors from the residents’ perspective, and could provide a basis for discussion about potential changes in public outdoor lighting.
Co-designing safe and sustainable darkness for northern urban places
Authors: Vuorenmaa R , Pihlajaniemi H , Parhankangas O 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The technological development, quantitative increase and qualitative design of urban lighting have succeeded in improving the safety and comfort of urban spaces. In this context, dark and dimly lit places appear as undesirable, even dangerous. However, the disadvantages of overlighting are increasingly being identified. On the other hand, darkness has well-being effects and aesthetic values in urban environments. The Safe and Sustainable Darkness project studies the frameworks for dimmer urban lighting: how to find room for lower lighting levels and darker places, respecting the diverse use of spaces and the values and experiences of city residents. In the article, we present participatory process for design and implementation of safe and sustainable urban darkness. The expertise and understanding of two different groups is of interest. Interviews of various professionals in the city organization reveal how illuminated and un-illuminated places are perceived from an administrative perspective. Inhabitants and users of urban space share their insight of the meanings, potential and context of the existing and future dark places. By combining the research material from interviews, crowdsourcing, workshops and evaluated pilot installation, we propose a co-design methodology to create enjoyable dimly lit and un-illuminated urban spaces.
Poetic Daylight – a pavilion for the perception of daylight
Authors: Grønlund L , Mathiasen N , Sørensen P , Frandsen A K 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Daylight provides us with an understanding of time and space, specifying where we are in the world, every day. We delight in experiencing the changeability of daylight – from morning to evening perceiving how light and darkness affect the spaces surrounding us. This paper highlights daylight as one of the central elements in architecture, by emphasising its qualitative potentials: creating healthy, aesthetic, and poetic spaces. The setting for this study is a 1:1 pavilion, Poetic Daylight, built for the UIA Conference in Copenhagen. Presenting studies of scale models 1:10 and studies of the built 1:1 pavilion, this study lays out the possibilities and potentials in the use of scale models when designing spaces, with a focus on the qualitative appearances of daylight. Bearing the distinction laid out by Vitruvius in mind, i.e. firmitas, utilitas and venustas, the pavilion focuses on venustas (beauty or delight) in order to form spaces where the atmosphere and the beauty of daylight can be perceived and experienced. The Vitruvian concept of beauty, together with J. J. Gibson’s definition of the perception of an environment, constitutes the theoretical framework. The analysis and the description of the three different spaces in the pavilion relates to the theory on defining light as presented by Anders Liljefors in his compendium: “Seende och Ljusstrålning” where he describes seven variables of light and Sophus Frandsen’s definition of the four different kinds of shadows. The methodology involves the development of models, observations, and representations. This study shows that using 1:10 scale models in the design process to include qualitative aspects of daylight is practicable and effective, producing tangible and transferable knowledge that will influence the experience and perception of daylight in the built 1:1 pavilion, Poetic Daylight.
Exploring Simulation Workflows, Tools, and Metrics for Beyond-Vision Effects in Multi-Objective Optimization: A Scoping Review
Authors: Tabbah Alyaá , Aries Myriam B C , Moscati Annika , Johansson Peter 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Lighting in the built environment affects different aspects, ranging from building performance in terms of costs and energy consumption to human well-being in terms of thermal comfort, visual effects, and beyond-vision effects. Buildings optimised for specific performance metrics rarely consider different aspects simultaneously, leading to sub-optimised, unbalanced, or non-trade-off solutions. Therefore, multi-objective optimisation has commonly been used to overcome conflicting performance objectives. Recently, light effects beyond vision gained more interest in building design but it is unclear if and how they are integrated with other existing building performance metrics and simulation workflows. A scoping review investigated the state-of-art in multi-objective lighting design optimisation regarding building performance and human well-being focusing on performance metrics, simulation workflows, and the overall information flow. Results show that metrics for beyond-vision effects are not integrated with other human well-being and building performance metrics. The simulation workflows included multiple steps and computational tools in multi-objective optimisation. This process has limitations such as a long simulation time, no ubiquitous integrated tool, and a reduced information flow.
The Influence of Urban Lighting on the Sense of Belonging
Authors: Frutos Laura de , Pellizzari Luca , Hvass Mette 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This research aims to gain a better understanding of the influence of artificial lighting on the sense of belonging in urban spaces and to investigate whether lighting is a determining factor in establishing bonds between humans and the city. An exploratory method is employed to give possible answers with the purpose of sparking a discussion in the lighting and urban design practice but without intending to be conclusive. The topic is addressed by an integration of a literature review on related concepts such as place attachment, the connections between urban lighting and atmospheres, the social dimension of urban lightscapes and placemaking, and input from conversations with professional lighting designers. The proposed answer consists of a series of models, design principles and methods for the lighting designer. It is argued that lighting can act as a generator of atmosphere, propitiating shared experiences in the outdoors, or as an object of memory when it acquires the category of a symbol. Both qualities can contribute to building a collective identity and, consequently, a sense of belonging. The lighting design - if unique, meaningful and sustaining social interaction - and the design process employed - if participatory - have a role in strengthening ties within the community.