bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of direct electric current to the corneal and conjunctival epithelia regulates the tight junctional assembly for ocular iontophoretic drug delivery
Authors: Sekijima Hidehisa , Hazama Yutaro , Kimura Soichiro , Morimoto Yasunori , Ueda Hideo 
Published: March 2024

Objectives: In this study, we determined how iontophoresis (IP) affects tight junctions (TJs) in isolated rabbit corneas and conjunctiva.
Methods: Direct electric current in the range of 0.5–2.0 and 0.5–10 mA/cm2 were applied to the cornea and conjunctiva, respectively, for 30 min. The localization and expression levels of TJ-associated proteins were assessed before and after the application of the electric currents using immunostaining and western blotting.
Results: In both corneal and conjunctival epithelia, the localization of proteins, such as claudin-1, claudin-4, occludin, and ZO-1, was temporarily altered by anodal and cathodal IP; however, the protein relocalization was slower at higher currents. Additionally, in both anodal and cathodal IP, the expression levels of claudin-1 and occludin in the cornea and conjunctiva remained unchanged after the application of the electric currents compared with those before.
Conclusion: Our results indicated that the application of a direct electric current temporarily regulated TJ assemblies without altering the levels of TJ-associated proteins in both the cornea and conjunctiva. This temporary weakening of the paracellular barrier by the current may be responsible for the enhanced drug transport across the cornea and conjunctiva induced by ocular IP.
Keywords: ocular drug delivery, iontophoresis, electric current, cornea, conjunctiva, tight junction
The Relationship between Patient Safety Culture and The Level of Knowledge of Health Personnel with Compliance in Patient Identification Implementation in Hospital
Authors: Ayu Agustina , Fiohana Puput , Chalidyanto Djazuly , Damayanti Nyoman Anita 
Published: March 2024

The basic principle of health care in health institutions that continues to require quality improvement is patient safety. This study aims to analyze the relationship between patient safety culture and the level of knowledge of health workers with compliance with patient identification. This research is quantitative analytical with an observational approach. Data was collected on 70 respondents by observing patient identification compliance, patient safety culture questionnaires, and the level of knowledge of health workers regarding patient identification. Data were analyzed using correlation coefficient analysis. The results of the analysis show that there is a significant relationship between patient safety culture and level of knowledge and compliance with patient identification (p = 0.000 < 0.05). The findings of this study provide insight into the importance of patient safety culture and the level of knowledge of health workers in increasing their compliance in carrying out patient identification, especially in hospitals. This study suggests that management and related health workers should actively participate in implementing patient safety programs, especially those involved in patient identification, to achieve optimal patient safety outcomes.
Keywords: Patient Safety Culture, Patient Identification, Hospital, Health personnel
Relationship between antibody titer than the Incidence of Infection After Complete Dose of COVID-19 Astrazeneca Vaccination Based on Sociodemographics
Authors: Lukas Stefanus , Ramatillah Diana Laila , Aldi Yufri , Wahyuni Fatma Sri 
Published: March 2024

Background: Vaccine is an essential tool to limit the health of the COVID -19 pandemic and one of the vaccines that got permitted to used is AstraZeneca Vaccine. The base of the AstraZeneca is the viral vector vaccine. This vaccine has a more advanced method that uses a modified virus to trigger antibodies to make herd immunity for people. Objective: To found correlation between antibody titer than the incidence of Covid infection after complete dose vaccination base on sociodemographics Method: Observasional prospective Cohort method was use in this study with a convenience sampling design. Inclusion criteria were all Indonesian citizens above 18 years old (n=113) who were vaccinated at UTA 45 Jakarta Vaccine Center with no history of COVID -19 before the vaccination and had filled up the informed consents. Results: there were 43 (38%) respondents infected Covid-19 after vaccinated full dosesConclusion: Base on this study, it was found that there was a correlation between sociodemographics after vaccinated full doses AstraZeneca, gender, age, comorbid, smoking, and drinking than infected Covid -19 (P-value < 0.05)).
Keywords: Astrazeneca vaccine, Antibody titer, COVID-19.
To Carry Out Anti-Arthritic Activity of Combination of Quercetin and Curcumin Using FCA (Freund’s Complete Adjuvant) Induced Arthritis in Laboratory Rats
Authors: Sabale Ajay Sunil , Sabale Anjali Sunil , Kale Gajendra , Machale Arati , Kamble H. V. , Hambir Supriya 
Published: March 2024

To investigate anti-arthritic activity of Quercetin and Curcumin in Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA)-induced arthritis in rats. AA was induced by injecting with Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA). Rats were randomly divided into six groups with 10 mice in each group: (1) Normal group (saline), (2) Vehicle control, (3) Leflunomide (LF, 10 mg/kg), (4) Curcumin (80), (5) Quercetin (40), (6) Curcumin (80) + Quercetin (40). Male SD rats were subjected to treatment with Lut at 10 mg/kg from days 18 to 24 after immunization. Arthritic scores, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 (IL-1), paw histopathology and the proteins of P2X4 pathway were assessed at the end of the experiment. Lut reduced the severity of arthritic scores during the experimental period as compared with positive control (RA). Lut significantly suppressed TNF-α and IL-1 as compared with RA group. Histopathological examination indicated that Lut alleviated infiltration of inflammatory cells and synovial hyperplasia as well as protected joint destruction. Lut significantly suppressed inflammatory cells, and Caspase-1p10. Quercetin and Curcumin may be a potential preventive or therapeutic candidate for the treatment of inflammation and arthritis.
Keywords: Rheumatoid arthritis, anti-arthritic activity, Quercetin, Curcumin, Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA), Leflunomide, histopathology.
Nanotechnology at Work: Hydrogel Drug Delivery Architectures
Authors: Aher Shubhangi , Solanki Dipti , Jain Aparna 
Published: March 2024

Hydrogels represent three-dimensional, interconnected networks known to absorb substantial amounts of H2O but at the same time, being insoluble in the aforementioned solvent. Their exceptional hydrophilic nature, biocompatibility and diverse therapeutic potential position them as highly promising biomaterials within biological and biomedical fields. These materials, on account of their innoxious innate characteristics and safe utilization, have garnered widespread acceptance across tremendous and diverse biomedical applications ranging from traditional therapies to state-of-the-art advancements. This extensive review incorporates a spectrum of varied types of hydrogels, elaborating on both their chemical, physical aspects and also throws light on the rheological, analytical and spectroscopic tools employed for their characterization. It also continues to elaborate on the various mechanisms of gelation for facilitating a better understanding of the topic under discussion. The review also discusses the different strategies which are substantiated in recent times to expand the utilisation of hydrogels. The primary intent of this review is to render a comprehensive understanding of hydrogels as an ideal drug delivery system to undergraduates, graduates, biomedical students and researchers across the globe. It also targets to unravel the fundamental, applied and general aspects of hydrogels, offering valuable insights to help individuals associated with multidisciplinary research and application spheres.
Keywords: Gelation, Biocompatibility, Cross-linking, Smart hydrogels, Polymerization, Architecture, Polymer network
Unani perspective of Saffron (Crocus sativus Linn.) beyond a spice
Authors: Wani Ghulam Nabi , Naaz Afifa , Begum Wajeeha , Fathima Shavana 
Published: March 2024

Background: Saffron is a significant medicinal herb that has a lot of potential for use in the development of new drugs. Since ancient times, saffron (Crocus sativus L.) has been associated with various health benefits in various parts of the world. Some of these applications have been overlooked over time. However, interest in naturally occurring active compounds has rekindled interest in saffron's past applications and the best applications for saffron today can be aided by knowing its various historical uses. It was prized as a culinary spice as well as a perfume, color, and medicinal herb. It was used medicinally in many different cultures to treat a wide range of ailments, from genitourinary to eye problems. In many countries, it was also used as an antidepressant and tonic substance.
Objective: The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the traditional and modern uses of Crocus sativus, with particular attention to its chemical makeup, pharmacological characteristics, and ethnobotanical description.
Methodology: Scientific databases and publications about the chemical profile, biological activity, and historical use of saffron were included in the literature search.
Results: Saffron is bitter, acrid, fragrant, stimulant, tonic, stomachic, aphrodisiac, anodyne, antispasmodic, emmenagogue, diuretic, laxative, galactagogue, and helpful in treating bronchitis, vomiting, fever, melancholia, hepatomegaly, etc. it is widely used in alternative medicine, such as the Unani System of Medicine, Ayurveda, and Traditional Chinese Medicine. Saffron has been the subject of numerous phytochemical and biochemical studies due to its extensive use in traditional medical systems. These studies have revealed that saffron contains a number of constituents, including crocetin, safranal, and crocins, the latter of which is primarily responsible for pharmacological actions.
Keywords; saffron, medicinal herb, unani medicine, crocetin, safranal, emmenagogue.
Development of a technique for determining the viability of dormant organisms in powdered substances
Authors: Gaidashev Ivan Andreevich , Nikolaeva Yuliana Gennadievna , Syroeshkin Anton Vladimirovich 
Published: March 2024

The purposes of pharmaceutical biotechnology and quality control of probiotics containing lyophilized bacterial preparations, as well as the purpose of ensuring biological safety, require methods for rapid determination of the viability of dormant forms. This paper describes an approach to determining the viability of dry powdered substances. Lyophilized powder of Kalanchoe daigermontiana, dry dormant eggs of Artemia salina, and dry powder of Lycopodium sp. spores were proposed as model objects. Suspensions of virus-like particles (VLPs) to SARS-CoV-2 were proposed as a cell-free reference material. The following methods of elemental analysis were used in the study: X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) on an energy-dispersive device, atomic absorption spectroscopy with electrothermal atomization, and Zeeman background correction (GZ-AAS). The free water content was determined by NMR spin echo. A new method was also used for recording the kinetics of changes in broadband radio emission in the centimeter and millimeter wavelength ranges, with a measurement duration of up to 20 minutes. Live and inactivated powdered preparations of K. daigermontiana and A. salina were prepared and characterized by elemental composition, water content, and spin-spin relaxation time (T2). For these live and inactivated preparations, it was determined that the flux density of intrinsic thermal radio emission decreases by an order of magnitude with the loss of viability. In the future, the results obtained will allow for a rapid test of the viability of lyophilized therapeutics (from medicinal plants to bacterial mixtures that stabilize the intestinal microflora).
Keywords: millimeter emission, X-ray fluorescence analysis, NMR spin echo, nanoparticles, powdered substances, medicinal plant raw materials
Outbreak Over Monkey Pox Virus in Human: Immediate Countermeasures from the Endemic to Non-Endemic Regions
Authors: Jain Sameeksha , Jha Megha , Singh Anjali , Haldkar Rashmi , Jain Deepak Kumar 
Published: March 2024

A zoonotic orthopoxvirus called human monkeypox has symptoms that resemble smallpox. When people come into contact with diseased animals, they may unintentionally contract monkeypox. According to reports, the virus can also spread through close physical contact, such as skin-to-skin contact or sexual contact, respiratory droplets, and by household items like towels and blankets. There are numerous medical countermeasures on hand for orthopoxviruses like monkeypox. Monkeypox, which originated in western and central Africa, has lately been found in a integer of nations, counting Spain, Canada, Australia, and the United Arab Emirates. Despite its extremely low incidence rate, it nonetheless poses a serious concern that needs to be addressed as soon as possible because of the strong likelihood that it will spread to many other nations. Outside of endemic areas, the danger of monkeypox transmission in medical settings is not well known. One recorded instance of transmission was found after a quick assessment of the literature from 2000 to 2022, which also included cases outside of areas where monkeypox is endemic. It is unusual for monkeypox to recur in non-endemic nations. It is a zoonosis that can extend from animal to human and from human to human, and it has clinical characteristics comparable to smallpox. The latest outbreaks may be attributed to lowered resistance to the orthopoxviruses, movement of people from widespread to non-endemic areas, hereditary alterations in the viral genome, and diminished observation. Transmission and pathogenicity could be avoided with the use of a multifaceted strategy that includes health education, monitoring human mobility, the development of diagnostic tools, and an efficient vaccination.
Keywords: Monkeypox, Outbreak, Orthopoxvirus, Epidemiology, Vaccination, Virology, Public health, Preventive measures
A Basic Review on Hypertension, its Non-Pharmacological and Pharmacological Treatment
Authors: Singh Anjali , Vishal Vishal , Kumar Ankit , Sonam Sonam , Kumar Nitin , Sharma Neelam 
Published: March 2024

Hypertension (HTN) Is Prevalent Leading Health Issue Around the World. It is significant cause for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality risk factors? The term "high blood pressure" refers to hypertension. It is long term condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries continuously increased. Distribution of HTN in developed nation, in obese, elderly, pregnancy and now a day’s teenager is also affected. The pathological mechanisms involved in HTN are genetics, sympathetic nervous system over activity, gender differences, cardiac output and peripheral vascular resistance, obstructive sleep apnoea, racial and ethnic factors, and many others. it can be prevented by reducing salt intake, weight loss, exercise, smoking cessation. There are many drugs are available for the treatment of this and its combination therapy is more effective. The pathophysiology, diagnosis, and current state of the disease's management are covered in this study.
Keywords: Hypertension, cardiovascular morbidity, cardiac output, peripheral vascular resistance
Exploring the Neuroprotective Effects of Intermittent Fasting: A Comprehensive Review on its Impact on Neurological Diseases
Authors: Jeevitha Marudhachalam , Shanmuga Sundhram R , Sambath Kumar R 
Published: March 2024

Background: Intermittent fasting has various benefits for brain health, owing to the physiological alterations occurring in the human body during intervals of fasting. Fasting induces a metabolic condition that improves neuronal bioenergetics, plasticity, and resilience, potentially counteracting a variety of neurological disorders.
Objectives: In the current research, we reveal the impact of IF (Intermittent Fasting)on neurological diseases.
Methodology: A literature review was conducted to create recent studies on how IF impacts neurological illnesses, including neurodegenerative diseases and Central Nervous System (CNS) disorders.
Results: Fasting decreases the production of inflammatory mediators including homocysteine, IL6, and C-reactive protein which could reduce the creation of plaques that lead to atherosclerosis, which is the primary cause of stroke in individuals. IF and ketogenic diets involve significant mechanisms, including enhanced beta-hydroxybutyrate, that have been linked with improved seizure management in certain studies, as well as the induction of other systems that work together to sustain synaptic activity. IF may also improve health and QoL (Quality Of Life) for those who have relapsing-remitting Multiple Sclerosis. IF could prove to be a beneficial dietary treatment for the prevention and/or deceleration of dementia progression.
Conclusion: The creation of a self-empowering, affordable, and effective treatment alternative for a range of neurological issues in a time of rising medical costs and a rise in neurological diseases. In the future, if these studies are given priority, fasting regimens will be advised in addition to medication-based strategies, leading to the development of a single metabolic strategy that can alter the course and symptoms of the most prevalent and impairing neurological disorders that currently exist.
Keywords: Intermittent Fasting, Neurological disease, Brain health.
DETECTION OF BIOFILM PRODUCTION FOR ORAL BACTERIAL ISOLATES AND IT’S IMPACT ON DENTAL CARIES OCCURANCE
Authors: Al-Shameri Basheer Hamed Hamood , Alsubari Rassam Abdo Saleh , Howilah Ahmed Abdullah , Al-Rohmi Fatima Mohammed Abdullah , AL-Haddad Khaled A , Al-Sanabani Nesreen Fadel , Al-Shamahy Hassan Abdulwahab 
Published: March 2024

Background and aims: Microorganisms are known to be involved in the formation of biofilms. These biofilms are often seen in the oral cavity, tooth surfaces, prosthesis surfaces, attached oral mucosa, dental implants, etc. These are capable of causing dental caries or gingivitis, and most of them are also known to possess a higher ability to cause dental caries than non-biofilm-producing bacteria. This study was conducted to detect the biofilm formation in bacterial isolates from the oral cavity of patients attaining dental clinics in the Faculty of Dentistry, Sana’a University. In addition, the study examined the association between DMFT, decay, missing teeth due to caries, and filled teeth in the permanent teeth and the degree of bacteria ability to produce biofilm.
Materials and Methods: Biofilm production was performed on 294 oral bacteria isolates from 100 patients who visited dental clinics run by Sana'a University's Faculty of Dentistry and private dental clinics. Biofilm-forming oral bacteria were detected by the tissue culture plate (TCA) method. The impact of biofilm production was correlated with the DMFT index of the tested patients.
Results: Out of 294 isolates, biofilm formation was seen in 285 isolates (96.9%) by the TCP method. 21.4% of the iosolates showed a weak ability to produce biofilms, 72.4% showed moderate positivity, and only 3.1% showed strong positivity for biofilm production. Most S. aureus strains showed moderate and strong biofilm production (93.8% and 4.2%, respectively); S. mutans had 86.6% of strains with moderate biofilm production and 1.2% with strong biofilm production, while other streptococci had less biofilm production capacity. The DMFT index for the Yemeni patients included in the study was 5.9±2.4; there was a higher mean±SD (6.2±1.9) of DMFT for weak biofilm-producing bacteria with a difference equal to 3.5, 95% CI=1.4-4.2 (p=0.0001); for moderate biofilm-producing bacteria (6.9±2.5, difference=3.5, 95% CI=1.8-5.2, p=0.0001); and for strong-producing biofilms (mean±SD=6.2±2.9, p=0.03).
Conclusion: In conclusion, a higher DMFT was observed in biofilm producers than in non-biofilm producers. The prime biofilm producers were S. aureus, S. mutans, and E. coli.

Peer Review History:
Received 6 December 2023; Revised 30 January 2024; Accepted 26 February; Available online 15 March 2024
Academic Editor: Dr. Asia Selman Abdullah, Pharmacy institute, University of Basrah, Iraq, asia_abdullah65@yahoo.com
Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 6.0/10
Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10
Reviewers:
Ahmad Najib, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Makassar, Indonesia, ahmad.najib@umi.ac.id
Dr. Mohsen Ali Al-Hamzi, Thamar University, Factuality of Dentistry, Yemen. mohsenalhamzi@gmail.com
ANTIOXIDANT AND HISTOLOGIC RESPONSES OF ARTEMETHER-LUMEFANTRINE IN EXPERIMENTALLY COMPROMISED RATS’ TESTES
Authors: Egbuonu Anthony Cemaluk Chinedum , Alaebo Prince Ogochukwu , Njoku Chinomso Juliet , Achi Ngozi Kalu , Eze Obioma Benedeth 
Published: March 2024

Aim: The current study assessed the response of MSG and ALon rats' testes histomorphology and homogenate antioxidant markers.
Methodology: Thirty (30) male Wistar rats were allotted to six groups(sample size, n=5) by random sampling and exposed to MSG and AL daily and per oral for 7 days thus: Groups A, distilled water (1 mL Kg−1), B, therapeutic concentration of Artemether-lumefantrine, TAL, (1.14 mg Kg−1AL), C, high dose Artemether- lumefantrine, HAL (5.7 mg Kg−1AL), D, MSG (8000 mg Kg−1), E, TAL (1.14 mg Kg−1AL)+ MSG (8000 mg Kg−1) and F, HAL (5.7 mg Kg−1AL)+ MSG (8000 mg Kg−1). Alterations in the testes histology and antioxidant markers were assessed while data were tested for statistical significance by acceptable protocols.
Results: MSG mono-therapy altered the rats’ testes anti-oxidation mechanism and histology by increasing (p<0.05) glutathione peroxidase (GPX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA), albumin (ALB), total protein (TP), and magnesium (Mg),but decreasing (p<0.05) zinc (Zn) levels and degenerating spermatids within the seminiferous tubules compared to control, and other treatments (except CAT activity in MSG + HAL-fed group that increased (p<0.05) above that of MSG–fed rats). These responses following TAL and HAL mono-treatments were inconsistent compared to control and MSG mono-therapies. These underscore the proclivity of MSG + HAL co-therapy to up-regulate the apparent dysfunction in CAT metabolism, and the inconsistency in the apparent modulatory responses by AL against effects by MSG mono-therapy in the rats’ testes.
Conclusion: AL caused inconsistent modulation of alterations in rats’ testes histology and antioxidant function markers due to MSG assault. The modulation may not be sustainable and the alterations may be instead being spiked warranting caution in co-feeding AL and MSGto rats.

Peer Review History:
Received 5 December 2023; Revised 28 January 2024; Accepted 29 February; Available online 15 March 2024
Academic Editor: Dr. Amany Mohamed Alboghdadly, Ibn Sina National College for Medical Studies in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, amanyalboghdadly@gmail.com
Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 6.5/10
Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 8.0/10
Reviewers:
Dr. Rima Benatoui, Applied Neuroendocrinology Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, University of Annaba, Algeria. benattouiryma@gmail.com
Dr. Tamer Elhabibi, Suez Canal University, Egypt, tamer_hassan@pharm.suez.edu.eg