bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Search for human papillomavirus, herpes simplex virus and c‐myc oncogene in human genital tumors
Authors: Di Luca D. , Costa S. , Monini P. , Rotola A. , Terzano P. , Savioli A. , Grigioni W. , Cassai E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe tested grade III cervical intra‐epithelial neoplasms (CIN III), genital invasive carcinomas and healthy genital tissues for the presence of a number of viral and cellular parameters, considered to be risk factors in genital oncogenesis. The results show that: (1) about 30% of genital tumors had homology to HSV‐2 BgIII N and/or BamHI E DNA fragments; (2) positivity to HSV‐2‐specific protein ICP10, encoded by sequences within the HSV‐2 BamHI E DNA fragment, was detected in 29/55 neoplastic genital tissues but not in healthy genital tissues or tumors at other sites; (3) HPV‐16 DNA was found in about 50% of tumor samples, but none of the positive tissues reacted to HPV capsid protein or to the protein encoded by the HPV‐16 E6 ORF; (4) 6/8 tumor samples showing homology to HSV‐2 DNA fragments also hybridized to HPV‐16 DNA; (5) c‐myc amplification was not detected in any of the analyzed samples, but tissues from 4 patients were positive for c‐myc expression. None of the considered factors was present in all the analyzed samples; nevertheless, some tissues showed the simultaneous involvement of several parameters, suggesting that a number of risk factors may be involved in different steps of human genital oncogenesis.
A monoclonal antibody (D612) with selective reactivity for malignant and normal gastro‐intestinal epithelium
Authors: Muraro R. , Nuti M. , Natali P. G. , Bigotti A. , Simpson J. F. , Primus F. J. , Colcher D. , Greiner J. W. , Schlom J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe describe the generation and characterization of a monoclonal antibody (MAb), designated D612, with selective reactivity for malignant and normal gastro‐intestinal epithelium. MAb D612, a murine lgG2a, was generated using a membrane‐enriched fraction of a human colon carcinoma biopsy as immunogen. Employing radioimmunoassays (RIAs) of biopsy extracts to a range of normal and neoplastic tissues, and both immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase assays on frozen sections of a range of normal and neoplastic tissues, we have shown that MAb D612 binds to 82% of colorectal carcinomas tested (n = 67) and to normal gastro‐intestinal epithelium, but does not bind similarly to either neoplastic or normal tissues from a wide range of other sites. Western blotting has shown MAb D612 to react with a high‐molecular‐weight antigen. Live cell RIAs and FACS analyses demonstrate the reactive epitope to be present on the surface of colon carcinoma cells. Immunohistochemical studies have shown intense membrane staining of colon adenocarcinomas with MAb D612; the vast majority of both primary and metastatic colon adenocarcinomas from a variety of sites were positive with many lesions showing homogeneous staining of virtually all cells present. Using human effector cells, we also showed that MAb D612 mediates antibody‐dependent cell‐mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) of human colon carcinoma cells; this activity was enhanced in the presence of interleukin (IL‐2). Radiolabelled D612‐purified IgG selectively binds a human colon carcinoma xenograft in situ. The pattern of membrane‐associated staining, the molecular weight of the reactive antigen, the lgG2a isotype, the ability to mediate ADCC in the presence of IL‐2, and the immunohistochemical and RIA studies demonstrating highly restricted reactivity to malignant and normal gastro‐intestinal tissue, all distinguish MAb D612 from other MAbs thus far described.
Sister chromatid exchange and nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Li Gui‐Yuan , Yao Kai‐Tai , Glaser Ronald 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSister chromatid exchange (SCE) is a genetic indicator of DNA damage in mammalian cells and may afford a sensitive monitor to follow genomic instability of some individuals with fragile chromosomal diseases or malignancies. In studies on the effect of dinitrosopiperazine (DNP), aflatoxin BI (AFBI), methyl‐nitro‐nitroso‐guanidine (MNNG) and Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) infection on SCE in lymphocytes from nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients, we found that: (I) the spontaneous SCEs in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) from 75 NPC patients were significantly higher than those of PBLs from 44 normal adults, 24 cord blood (CBL) specimens, and PBLs from 20 patients with chronic inflammation of the nasopharynx; (2) PBLs from NPC patients who were positive for EBV virus capsid antigen (VCA) lgA antibody had a higher SCE frequency as compared with PBLs from VCA lgA‐negative NPC patients; (3) the chemical carcinogens used induced significantly higher SCEs in lymphocytes from NPC patients than in PBLs from normal adults and CBLs; (4) the mean SCEs of EBV growth‐transformed CBLs increased from 5.17 to 14.12 after infection and was similar to the level of SCEs found in PBLs from the VCA lgA‐positive NPC patients. The data suggest that lymphocytes of NPC patients might be more fragile than the lymphocytes of the control groups studied.
Properties of recombinant interleukin 2‐cultured tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes in human lung cancer
Authors: Yano Tokujiro , Yasumoto Kosei , Togami Masatoshi , Ishida Teruyoshi , Kimura Genki , Sugimachi Keizo , Nomoto Kikuo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIt is thought that TIL can be activated in vitro by rIL‐2 and acquire specific anti‐tumor activity. In this study, we investigated this possibility, using lymphocytes isolated from primary lung cancer tissues. In a first series of experiments, TILs and autologous PBLs from 16 patients were cultured in rIL‐2 from 7 to 14 days under identical conditions, and were compared for proliferation (16 cases), cytolytic activity (11 cases), gamma interferon (IFN‐γ) production (8 cases), and phenotypes (10 cases). TILs grew in response to rIL‐2 as well as PBLs. However, the induced cytolytic activity of TIL was significantly lower than that of PBL against autologous tumor cells and 2 human tumor cell lines. IL‐2‐mediated IFN‐γ production by TILs was also significantly lower than that of PBLs. TILs were phenotypically characterized by their high CD4/CD8 ratio and lack of Leu 11‐positive cells. Further investigations with 7 other cases showed that exogenous addition of IFN‐γ to rIL‐2 cultures of TILs enhanced cytolytic activity in 4 cases. Our results indicate that IL‐2 alone is sufficient for TILs to proliferate but not to acquire new functions (cytotoxicity and production of IFN‐γ).
Immunophenotypic characterization of follicle‐center‐cell‐derived non‐hodgkin's lymphomas
Authors: Sakthivel Ramasamy , Christensson Birger , Ehlin‐Henriksson Barbro , Klein George 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe distribution of the BLA, CALLA (CD 10), AC‐2 (CD 39), MHM‐6 (CD 23), LB‐I, and 35IC5 (CD 45R) antigens in 40 non‐Hodgkin's lymphomas was demonstrated by immunohistochemical staining of frozen tissue sections. Nine out of 10 centroblastic and centrocytic follicular and diffuse type of lymphomas (CB/CC F/D) and all 10 cases of CB/CC follicular lymphomas were BLA+ and CALLA+. A few cases also showed weak expression of activation antigens (AC‐2, MHM‐6 and LB‐1) and 35IC5. In contrast, 3 CC and 3 lymphoblastic (non‐Burkitt) lymphomas showed a heterogeneous pattern of distribution with dominating activation antigen expression. A single case of lymphoblastic lymphoma of Burkitt‐like type expressed BLA and CALLA but not activation antigens. In reactive follicular center and FCC lymphomas different cell populations appeared to express BLA and activation antigens, respectively. Assessment of staining intensity and proportion of the stained cells indicated that almost all BLA+ cells are CALLA+. CALLA+ BLA− cells were regularly present, in addition. The co‐expression of BLA and CALLA in the same cell was confirmed by double immuno‐enzymatic staining. By the same technique, BLA+ and CALLA+ cells were shown to be activation‐antigen negative.
Alcohol consumption and risk of benign proliferative epithelial disorders of the breast in women
Authors: Rohan Thomas E. , Cook Martin G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMany studies have shown a positive association between alcohol consumption and risk of breast cancer. Benign proliferative epithelial disorders (BPED) of the breast are conditions which, although not proven precursors of breast cancer, are strongly associated with increased risk of this disease. The association between alcohol consumption and risk of BPED was examined in a case‐control study conducted in Adelaide, South Australia. The study involved 383 cases with biopsy‐confirmed BPED, 192 controls whose biopsy did not show epithelial proliferation, and 383 unbiopsied community controls individually matched (1:1) to cases on age and area of residence. When cases were compared with community controls, the unadjusted relative risk of BPED for drinkers versus non‐drinkers was 0.9 (95% CI 0.6–1.3), and the corresponding relative risk derived from comparing cases with biopsy controls was 1.0 (95% CI 0.6–1.4); these estimates were not altered after adjustment for potential confounding. Variation in risk of BPED across levels defined in terms of daily total alcohol intake, and in terms of daily alcohol intake from individual beverages, was mostly insubstantial and not dose‐dependent. Also, there was little variation in risk with age at first drink, or by current drinking status, and risk of BPED in association with alcohol consumption did not increase with severity of cytologic atypia. Despite the absence of an association in this study, further investigation is warranted, since it may provide opportunities for the prevention of BPED and of breast cancer.
Establishment and characterization of a human neuroblastoma cell line
Authors: Scarpa Susanna , Dominici Carlo , Grammatico Paola , Porto Giuseppe Del , Raschellà Giuseppe , Castello Manuel , Forni Guido , Modesti Andrea 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA continuous human cell line RN‐GA was established from a stage‐III primary neuroblastoma prior to therapy. Light and electron microscopic analysis of the biopsy showed morphological features typical of neuroectodermal origin. Relative cellular DNA content and N‐myc oncogene copy number were also analyzed in the biopsy tissue: the tumor cells presented a near‐diploid genome with N‐myc amplification. The derived tumor cell line expressed distinctive ultrastructural, cytogenetic and immunological markers of neuroblastoma. Moreover, cells from the culture could be serially transplanted into splenectomized‐irradiated nude mice, where they formed a progressively growing solid tumor. Surprisingly, the cells in culture did not show any N‐myc amplification, while they retained a near‐diploid DNA content. We propose that several techniques (electron microscopy, oncogene analysis, flow cytometry, cytogenetics, tissue culture, cell antigen immunodetection) should be used to establish a firm diagnosis and a correct clinical grading of this tumor. The establishment of this continuous cell line should be valuable as an experimental in vitro system for further studies of neuroblastoma biology and morphology.
New anti‐GD2 monoclonal antibodies produced from gamma‐interferon‐treated neuroblastoma cells
Authors: Gross Nicole , Beck Daniel , Portoukalian Jacques , Favre Simone , Carrel Stefan 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThree monoclonal antibodies (IgG2) have been produced from hybridomas obtained by fusion of murine myeloma cells and spleen cells of mice hyperimmunized with gamma‐interferon‐treated neuroblastoma cells. The 3 MAbs, 7A4, 2A6 and IG8, detected an antigen present on neuroblastoma tumors and cell lines, but also on some neuro‐ectoderm‐derived tissues and cells. All 3 clones were shown to react with an epitope of the di‐sialo‐ganglioside GD2 molecules highly expressed by some neuro‐ectoderm‐derived tumors, mainly neuroblastoma. Whereas MAb IG8 specificity was restricted to GD2 and its o‐acylated form, MAb 2A6 and 7A4 were also able to detect GD3 at high concentration of antibody as shown by TLC analysis and immunodetection. The 3 MAbs were able to lyse 100% neuroblastoma cells in the presence of rabbit or human complement. Direct binding assays with125‐labelled MAbs showed that MAb 7A4 might be a good candidate forin vivoimmunolocalization experiments. The high proportion of anti‐GD2 MAbs obtained by our fusion and the increased binding of anti‐GD2 MAbs on gamma‐IFN‐treated neuroblastoma cells suggests a modulation of the exposure and an increase in the immunogenicity of GD2 induced by gamma‐IFN.
The in vitro growth response of primary human colorectal and gastric cancer cells to gastrin
Authors: Watson S. A. , Durrant L. G. , Crosbie J. D. , Morris D. L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA series of 31 colorectal and 13 gastric primary human tumours were screened for their growth response to human gastrin‐17 in vitro, as assessed by 75Se‐seleno‐methionine incorporation. Fifty‐five percent of colorectal and 69% of gastric tumours showed a significant trophic response to the hormone. The responses were achieved at physiological gastrin concentrations (post‐prandial circulating gastrin levels) in 35% of colorectal and 55% of gastric tumours. Lymphocytes from tumour‐associated lymph nodes showed no response to the hormone and “normal” mucosal cells (obtained from the resection margin of the surgical specimen) showed lower mean levels of 75Se‐seleno‐methionine uptake (colorectal: 110%; gastric: 119%, expressed as a percentage of the control) when compared to tumours (colorectal: 151%; gastric: 147%). The small number of well differentiated and/or Dukes' stage A colorectal tumours examined were gastrin‐responsive, but all the responsive gastric tumours were poorly differentiated. With respect to ploidy, 89% of diploid and 67% of aneuploid colorectal tumours responded trophically to gastrin. Patients with colorectal or gastric tumours may benefit from treatment with gastrin antagonists.
High toxic efficiency of ricin immunotoxins specific for the t‐cell antigen receptor of a human leukemia t‐cell line
Authors: Izquierdo Manuel , Balboa María A. , Lamana María L. , Löpez‐Botet Miguel 
Published: February 2007

AbstractImmunotoxins (ITs) were prepared by covalently coupling ricin to monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) directed against: (a) 2 different epitopes of the T‐cell receptor (TcR) expressed by the Jurkat leukemia T‐cell line (JTi2 and JTi4 MAb), (b) 2 epitopes of the CD3 complex (SpV‐T3b and IID8 MAb), (c) the CD2 and the CD8 cell‐surface molecules. Conjugates were assayed for their cytotoxic activity by pre‐incubating the Jurkat cell line with different concentrations (10‐250 ng/ml) of each IT for 2 hr at 37°C in the presence of 0.1 M lactose. After washing, cells were cultured for 24 hr and their protein synthesis and proliferative capacities were assessed. Doseresponse experiments indicated that JTi2, JTi4 and anti‐CD3 (IID8) ITs inhibited by >90% the cell line proliferation at 50 ng/ml, a 5‐fold lower concentration than that required to achieve a similar effect when anti‐CD2 and anti‐CD3 (SpVT3b) were used. After 4 hr of culture subsequent to treatment with JTi2 or JTi4 ITs (250 ng/ml), protein synthesis was inhibited (>80%). By limiting dilution analysis (LDA) we estimated that the frequency of proliferating Jurkat cells (1/1.5) was reduced to 1/20, 1/460 and 1/300 after treatment with anti‐CD3 (SpVT3b), JTi4 and JTi2 ITs, respectively. Phenotypic analysis of 13 clones derived from JTi2 IT‐treated Jurkat cells showed that 50% were CD7+ CD3− JTi− variants. When bone‐marrow mononuclear cells, previously mixed with low concentrations of Jurkat cells, were treated with anti‐JTi ITs, the toxic efficiency estimated by LDA was maintained whereas the growth of CFU‐GM remained unaltered.
Epstein‐barr virus and a tumour‐promoting phorbol ester use similar mechanisms in the stimulation of human b‐cell proliferation
Authors: Guy Graeme R. , Gordon John 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn marked contrast to ligands which activate B cells via their physiological receptors for antigen, transforming Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) was found to be mitogenic for human B lymphocytes without increasing inositol phospholipid hydrolysis. B‐cell stimulation by EBV showed similar characteristics to those achieved by the tumour‐promoting phorbol ester TPA, in terms of the temporal appearance of surface activation antigens, the induction of RNA and DNA synthesis and the lower requirement for medium Ca++ in comparison to agonists that lead to an increase in inositol phospholipid hydrolysis. The calcium‐ and phospholipid‐dependent kinase, protein kinase C (PKC), is activated by TPA and a proteolytically cleaved fragment (PKM) results. EBV induced the appearance of a calcium‐ and phospholipid‐independent activity that was chromatographically inseparable from PKM and this activity was capable of phosphorylating vimentin, a cell component that is thought to participate in the signal transduction cascade. These findings are discussed with special reference to the biochemical signalling pathways on which EBV might impinge to usurp growth control in B lymphocytes.
Differential expression of cell adhesion molecules in variants of K1735 melanoma cells differing in metastatic capacity
Authors: Linnemann Dorte , Raz Avraham , Bock Elisabeth 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe have investigated the expression of 2 neural‐cell adhesion molecules, NCAM and L1, in K1735‐C116 and ‐M1 melanoma cells which differ qualitatively in their metastatic potential, i.e., M1 cells are metastatic whereas C116 cells are not. We have found that NCAM in C116 cells are expressed as 2 quantitatively major glycosylated polypeptides with Mr of 145,000 and 120,000 and a minor 190,000 Mr polypeptide, whereas M1 cells expressed NCAM as 3 glycosylated polypeptides with Mr of 200,000, 140,000 and 120,000. The amount of NCAM in M1 cells constituted only 60% of the amount observed in C116 cells. In C116 cells, the 145,000 and 120,000 Mr NCAM polypeptides were sulphated whereas NCAM did not appear to be sulphated in M1 cells. No phosphorylation of NCAM in the 2 cell lines was observed. L1 was expressed as a phosphorylated glycoprotein with Mr of 210,000 in M1 cells whereas no L1 expression was observed in C116 cells. L1 was not sulphated in M1 cells.
The effect of second antibody clearance on the distribution and dosimetry of radiolabelled anti‐cea antibody in a human colonic tumor xenograft model
Authors: Pedley R. Barbara , Dale Roger , Boden Joan A. , Begent Richard H. J. , Keep Pat A. , Green Alan J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRadioimmunotherapy in humans is limited by toxicity to normal tissues, caused by circulating radio‐antibody. Second antibody directed against the first (anti‐tumor) antibody accelerates clearance of first antibody from normal tissues, and may thus improve the therapeutic ratio. The effect of second antibody both on anti‐tumor antibody distribution and on tumor and normal tissue radiation doses, has been investigated in nude mice bearing colonic tumor xenografts. Second antibody, given either 6 or 24 hr after the first, rapidly cleared circulating activity and reduced the calculated radiation dose to all tissues except the spleen, where it rose by 11 and 43% respectively. The dose received by the blood fell by 87% and 71%, while that to the tumor was reduced by 81% and 58%, after 6 or 24 hr second antibody. Administration of second antibody therefore improved the tumor to blood ratios. Tumor identification by gamma camera was greatly facilitated by the use of second antibody, and required no background subtraction. Results obtained from this system demonstrate the utility of second antibody in protecting normal tissues from prolonged circulating radioactivity during radioimmunotherapy.
Immunocytochemical detection of the onco‐developmental protein oncomodulin in pre‐neoplastic and neoplastic hepatocellular lesions during hepatocarcinogenesis in rats
Authors: Bernaert D. , Brewer L. M. , Macmanus J.‐P. , Galand P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOncomodulin is a calcium‐binding protein, detectable in extra‐embryonic human and rat placental cells and in a wide variety of tumors, but not in any normal embryonic or adult rodent or human tissues. It is also absent from proliferatively active fetal or regenerating adult rat liver. The presence of this oncodevelopmental marker was investigated in preneoplastic and neoplastic liver lesions during hepatocarcinogenesis induced in rats by DENA treatment, using an antibody raised against purified oncomodulin. Positive immunostaining was observed in foci of altered hepatocytes, in neoplastic nodules and in HC, but not in the histologically normal surrounding liver parenchyma. The proportion of oncomodulin‐positive foci gradually rose from 20–25% at 2–3 months after DENA treatment, to about 88% at 6 months and later. The proportion of positive neoplastic nodules increased from 50% at 5 months to about 73% (range 36–100) at 9 months and later; 88% of the HC found 10 to 20 months after DENA treatment were also positive. That early neoplastic nodules are oncomodulin‐positive in a proportion (50%) similar to that of foci after the same duration of treatment is consistent with a lineage relationship between them but makes it unlikely that oncomodulin expression conditions the focusnodule transition. The role, if any, of oncomodulin in malignant progression remains to be elucidated. It seems out of the question that it is a simple correlate of proliferative activity.
A case‐control study of cancer of the esophagus and gastric cardia in linxian
Authors: Li Jun‐Yao , Ershow Abby G. , Chen Zhi‐Jian , Wacholder Sholom , Li Guang‐Yi , Guo Wande , Li Bing , Blot William J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA case‐control study involving interviews with 1,244 patients (758 males and 486 females) with cancer of the esophagus or gastric cardia and 1,314 population‐based controls (789 males, 525 females) was carried out in Linxian, a rural county in North Central China with one of the world's highest mortality rates for these tumors. Cancer risks tended to rise with increasing intake of wheat and corn, but no association was found with adult intake of pickled vegetables, the leading a priori suspect, and risks were not elevated among those consuming low quantities of fresh vegetables or fruits. Few differences in preparation or storage of food or water were detected, although cancer patients reported less fluid intake than controls. Few persons reported drinking alcoholic beverages. Smoking was reported by 61% of the male cases and was a mild risk factor, related more to cancer of the cardia than of the esophagus. The risk was increased by 70% among those whose parents had esophageal or stomach cancer, but only slightly among those whose spouses had such cancers, suggesting that exposure early in life and/or genetic effects may be involved.
Risk factors for cancer of the cervix in a rural chinese population
Authors: Zhang Zuo‐Feng , Parkin D. M. , Yu Shun‐Zhang , Estève J. , Yang Xue‐Zhi 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA population‐based case‐control study of 109 women with invasive squamous‐cell cervical cancer and 545 controls matched for age and area of residence was carried out in Jingan, China, to evaluate the importance of different risk factors and the effect of cervical cancer screening. After controlling for the protective effect of cervical cancer screening, several factors were found to make an independent contribution to risk. These included the number of sexual partners of the subjects and their husbands (OR: 3.9 for 2 or more sexual partners other than the current spouse, relative to none), 5.9 for 2 or more other partners of the husband relative to none, and poor genital hygiene (OR: 4.8 for absence of daily genital washing relative to washing every day; 0.3 for use of sanitary napkin), these are consistent with an infectious etiology. In addition, menstrual characteristics also had a strong relationship to the risk of cervical cancer (OR: 2.2 for 4 or more days' menstruation relative to shorter duration; 5.4 for irregular menstruation).