bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potentialities of the pneumatic biosensing bed as a network terminal for ubiquitous health monitoring and medical care
Authors: Kurihara Yosuke , Watanabe Kajiro , Kikuchi Toshiyuki , Namba Takashi , Tanaka Hiroshi 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThis paper examines how the pneumatic biosensing bed works as a network terminal for ubiquitous health monitoring and medical care. A constraint‐free biosensing bed, which is an ordinary family bed optimally equipped with a sensing device connected to a ubiquitous network, was designed. Heartbeat, respiration, snoring and body movements of 32 subjects while in bed at their homes for 14 months were measured and transmitted to a data center via the network. The system provided clear, real‐time biosignals on apnea from subjects with Sleep Apnea Syndrome, and arrhythmia from subjects with myocardial infarction. It also provided a variety of one‐night, one‐week and one‐year medical information required for in‐home health monitoring. The measurement availability of the proposed system was 76.08% of the total time. The pneumatic biosensing bed connected to the network showed high potential for ubiquitous health monitoring and in‐home medical care. Copyright © 2008 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Observer based on body movement information in sleeping and estimation of sleep stage appearance probability
Authors: Kurihara Yosuke , Watanabe Kajiro , Kobayashi Kazuyuki , Tanaka Hiroshi 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThe manual for scoring sleep defined by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine in 2007 contains some rules that, even as an international standard of sleep stage judgment, include ambiguities and are therefore compensated by subjective interpretations of sleep stage scorers. This paper presents a novel method for compensating the subjective interpretations and judgments and describing the judgments in probabilistic terms. We employed a full‐order Luenberger observer (state estimation method) based on two models of sleep transition: no body movement and body movement. Sleep stages judged by three different scorers under the rules of the manual were rejudged by the observer. The average values of κ statistics, which show the degree of agreement, were 0.83, 0.89 and 0.81, respectively, for the original sleep stages. Because the new method provides probabilities on how surely the sleep belongs to each sleep stage, we were able to determine the most probable, the second most probable and the third most probable sleep stages. The κ statistics between the most probable sleep stages were improved to 0.89, 0.93 and 0.85, respectively. Those of sleep stages determined from the most and second most probable were 0.93, 0.96 and 0.90 and those from the most, second most and third most probable were 0.95, 0.97 and 0.92. Copyright © 2008 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Application and comparison of metaheuristic techniques to reactive power planning problem
Authors: Eghbal Mehdi , Yorino Naoto , Zoka Yoshifumi , El‐Araby E. E. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThis paper presents the application and comparison of metaheuristic techniques to reactive power planning (RPP) problem which involves optimal allocation and combination of to‐be‐installed VAr sources to satisfy voltage constraints during normal and contingency states for multiple load levels. The main objective of the proposed RPP problem is to minimize the investment cost through balanced installation of SCs and SVCs while keeping a specified security level and minimizing the amount of load shedding. The problem is formulated as a large scale mixed integer nonlinear programming problem, which is a nonsmooth and nondifferentiable optimization problem using conventional optimization techniques and induces lots of local minima. Among the metaheuristic techniques, genetic algorithm (GA), particle swarm optimization (PSO) and evolutionary particle swarm optimization (EPSO) are applied to solve the RPP problem. To investigate the effectiveness of the metaheuristic techniques, the proposed approaches have been successfully tested on IEEE‐14 buses, as well as IEEE‐57 buses test system. The results obtained are compared and the effectiveness of each technique has been illustrated. Copyright © 2008 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Properties of ball lightning generated by a pulsed discharge on surface of an electrolyte in the atmosphere
Authors: Hayashi Noriyuki , Satomi Hiroko , Kajiwara Toshinori , Tanabe Tetsuo 
Published: October 2008

AbstractA simple reactor system, which involved a pulsed discharge occurring on the surface of an electrolyte in the atmosphere, was installed to generate ball lightning (BL), and BL with a lifetime of 0.5 s and a size of 250 mm maximum was observed. Meanwhile, a single current pulse with the peak value up to 90 A and full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 5–62 ms appears immediately after the system was triggered. It is concluded that such a long‐life BL is maintained without the external supply of electrical energy, since BL is visible for a significantly longer time than the current pulse duration. It is found that a power law with the scaling exponent of 2/3 can be applied between the lifetime and size of the BL, independently of the experimental conditions. Copyright © 2008 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Coextruded PVC/wood‐flour composites with WPC cap layers
Authors: Jin Shan , Matuana Laurent M. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractWood‐plastic composites (WPCs) can absorb moisture in a humid environment owing to the hydrophilic nature of the wood, thereby making the products susceptible to microbial growth and loss of mechanical properties. In this study, rigid poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)/wood‐flour composites (core layer) were coextruded with either unfilled rigid PVC (cap layer) or rigid PVC filled with a small amount (5–27.5%) of wood flour (composite cap layers) in order to decrease or delay the moisture uptake. The thickness of the cap layer and its composition in terms of wood flour content were the variables examined during coextrusion. Surface color, moisture absorption, and flexural properties of both coextruded and noncoextruded (control) composite samples were characterized. The experimental results indicated that both unfilled PVC and composite cap layers can be encapsulated over rigid PVC/wood‐flour composites in a coextrusion process. The moisture uptake rate was lower when a cap layer was applied in the composites, and the extent of the decrease was a strong function of the amount of wood flour in the cap layer but insensitive to cap layer thickness. Overall, coextruding PVC surface‐rich cap layers on WPCs significantly increased the flexural strength but decreased the flexural modulus as compared with those of control samples. The changes in bending properties were sensitive to both cap layer thickness and wood flour content. J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL., 2008. © 2008 Society of Plastics Engineers
PVC nanocomposites—Nanoclay chemistry and performance
Authors: Benderly Daphne , Osorio Frank , IJdo Wouter L. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractNanoclay applications in poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) have been limited, as the organic modifier of conventional nanoclays can promote PVC degradation. Novel nanoclays designed for enhanced PVC compatibility were compounded with PVC. Hectorite and bentonite clays were studied as nanoclay fillers. Two incorporation methods were evaluated to determine the effect on nanoclay dispersion and composite performance. A two‐stage method, in which the nanoclay was predispersed in plasticizer, resulted in good nanoclay dispersion at both the micrometer and nanometer scales. The nanocomposites were characterized by using a wide range of analytical tools. They exhibited significantly improved heat stability, an increase of up to 200% in storage modulus, and a decrease of up to 77% in oxygen permeation, as compared to unfilled PVC. Bentonite nanoclays provided a greater increase in barrier and mechanical properties. No change was seen in the PVC glass transition temperature. J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL., 2008. © 2008 Society of Plastics Engineers
Uplink and downlink scheduling for point to multipoint WiMAX Networks
Authors: Mohammad Hayajneh , Najah Abu Ali , Issa Khalil 
Published: October 2008

AbstractIEEE 802.16 standard lacks a Media Access Control (MAC) scheduling architecture to enforce Quality of Service (QoS) requirements of different services classes. In this paper, we propose an opportunistic and optimized scheduler that meets connections' QoS requirements while it pledges fairness among admitted connections. Our approach involves separating the scheduling problem into two sub‐problems. In the first sub‐problem, which addresses interclass time‐slots allocation, the proposed scheduler calculates the optimum number of time‐slots in each time frame corresponding to the service classes with the objective of minimizing the blocking probability of each class. In the second sub‐problem, the intraclass slot allocation problem, time‐slots for each class are allocated using an integrated cross‐layer priority functions (PFs) that provide proportional fairness among a class connections. The simulation results reveal that the proposed scheduler realizes our objectives, and provides efficient QoS scheduling without starving the connections of the BE class. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Incorporation of a new wind turbine generating system model into distribution systems load flow analysis
Authors: Eminoglu Ulas , Dursun Bahtiyar , Hocaoglu M. Hakan 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThis paper describes a new model for wind turbine generating systems (WTGSs) that is widely used as distributed generation sources. The model is developed by using the bi‐quadratic equation, which is generally used for the calculation of the line voltages in distribution systems' load flow analysis, and facilitates computation of real and reactive power outputs of the WTGSs for a specified wind speed and terminal voltage. The developed model is validated with an experimental setup composed by an induction generator coupled with an induction motor as a prime mover. In addition to that, measured values are also compared with the calculated values, obtained by using the turbine models found in the literature. The incorporation of the developed model into some well‐known distribution systems' load flow algorithms is detailed. The effect of WTGSs on the power losses, voltage profile of radial distribution systems are evaluated for the sample test systems. Additionally, the performance of the load flow algorithms with the new model are examined and found to be robust and reliable. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthese und Kristallstruktur von Ammin(μ3‐L‐glutamato)kupfer(II)
Authors: Rohde Dorothea , Merzweiler Kurt 
Published: October 2008

AbstractSynthesis and Crystal Structure of Ammine(μ3‐L‐glutamato)copper(II)[Cu(L‐Glu)H2O]·H2O reacts with aqueous ammonia to give the ammine complex [Cu(L‐Glu)NH3] (1). 1 forms orthorhombic crystals, space group P 21212 with a = 1585,1(1) pm; b = 979,46(7) pm and c = 504,70(5) pm. In the crystal structure of 1 the copper atoms are linked by μ3‐glutamate units to give a 2D layer structure. The copper atoms exhibit a square‐pyramidal coordination with two N atoms and two O atoms in the base plane and one O atom at the apex of the pyramid. The crystal structure is stabilized by a 3D network of N–H···O hydrogen bridges.
Systematische Studie zu den Koordinationseigenschaften des Guanidin‐Liganden N1,N2‐Bis(1,3‐dimethylimidazolidin‐2‐yliden)‐ethan‐1,2‐diamin mit den Metallen Mn, Co, Ni, Ag und Cu
Authors: Neuba Adam , Haase Roxana , Bernard Martin , Flörke Ulrich , Herres‐Pawlis Sonja 
Published: October 2008

AbstractA Systematic Study on the Coordination Properties of the Guanidine Ligand N1,N2‐Bis(1,3‐dimethylimidazolidin‐2‐ylidene)‐ethane‐1,2‐diamine with the Metals Mn, Co, Ni, Ag and CuThe syntheses and characterization of the compounds [Mn(DMEG2e)Cl2] (1), [Co(DMEG2e)Cl2] (2), [Ni(DMEG2e)2]I2 (3), [Cu(DMEG2e)I] (4) and {[Ag(DMEG2e)]BF4}n (5) with the bisguanidine ligand N1,N2‐bis(1,3‐dimethylimidazolidin‐2‐ylidene)ethane‐1,2‐diamine (DMEG2e) are described. All complexes are synthesized by the reaction of the corresponding metal salt with the DMEG2e ligand in MeCN or THF. The coordination of the metal atoms vary from a distorted tetrahedron in 1 and 2, a distorted trigonal planar coordination in 4 to linear coordination in 5. Contrasting to the compounds 1, 2, 4 and 5 which exhibit a 1:1 ratio of metal to ligand, two DMEG2e ligands are bound to the Ni atom in the case of 3 resulting in a coordination polyhedron which represents the stage exactly in the middle between the square‐planar and the tetrahedral geometry. Whereas crystals of 1, 2, 3 and 4 contain discrete molecules, in 5 the Ag atoms are alternately linked by two different DMEG2e ligands to form a chain structure. The comparative discussion of several DMEG2e containing complexes with the compounds reported herein supplements this systematic study.
Luminescent Study on Nd3+ Complexes Containing Carboxylate‐Dithiolene and Alkoxide‐Dithiolene Ligands
Authors: Veith Michael , Ndiaye Amadou L. , Huch Volker , Cui Hailing , Wickleder Claudia 
Published: October 2008

AbstractReaction of ligand LH2 (4,5‐bis[carboxymethylthio]‐1,3‐dithiol‐2‐thione) with neodymium silyl‐amide (Nd[N(TMS)2]3; TMS= ‐SiMe3), in a ratio 2:1, yields a neodymium‐dithiolene‐carboxylato complex (1) (Nd(LH)L). Similarly, reaction of 2 equivalents of L′H2 (4,5‐bis[2′‐hydroxyethyl)thio]‐1,3‐dithiol‐2‐thione) and one equivalent of neodymium silyl‐amide (Nd[N(TMS)2]3) allowed the isolation of complex 2, with a ligand:metal ratio of 3:2. ATR‐IR spectrum of 1 displays a broad band characteristic of an OH group showing that one carboxylate group remains protonated. Emission spectrum of complex 1 under excitation in the visible region (at 360 nm i.e. on the ligand) displayed typical emission bands of the Nd3+, showing that energy transfer from the ligand to the lanthanide was achieved (i.e. “antenna effect”). No significant quenching from the remaining –OH group was detected. In the case of complex 2, the main emission bands characteristic of the Nd3+ ion have been observed, by excitation at 495 nm.
Zur Reaktivität von Titanocenkomplexen [Ti(Cp′)2(η2‐Me3SiC≡CSiMe3)] (Cp′ = Cp, Cp*) gegenüber Benzoldicarbonsäuren
Authors: Albrecht Carolin , Krüger Thomas , Wagner Christoph , Rüffer Tobias , Lang Heinrich , Steinborn Dirk 
Published: October 2008

AbstractOn the Reactivity of Titanocene Complexes [Ti(Cp′)2(η2‐Me3SiC≡CSiMe3)] (Cp′ = Cp, Cp*) towards Benzenedicarboxylic AcidsTitanocene complexes [Ti(Cp′)2(BTMSA)] (1a, Cp′ = Cp = η5‐C5H5; 1b, Cp′ = Cp* = η5‐C5Me5; BTMSA = Me3SiC≡CSiMe3) were found to react with iodine and methyl iodide yielding [Ti(Cp′)2(μ‐I)2] (2a/b; a refers to Cp′ = Cp and b to Cp′ = Cp*), [Ti(Cp′)2I2] (3a/b) and [Ti(Cp′)2(Me)I] (4a/b), respectively. In contrast to 2a, complex 2b proved to be highly moisture sensitive yielding with cleavage of HCp* [{Ti(Cp*)I}2(μ‐O)] (7). The corresponding reactions of 1a/b with p‐cresol and thiophenol resulted in the formation of [Ti(Cp′)2{O(p‐Tol)}2] (5a/b) and [Ti(Cp′)2(SPh)2] (6a/b), respectively. Reactions of 1a and 1b with 1,n‐benzenedicarboxylic acids (n = 2–4) resulted in the formation of dinuclear titanium(III) complexes of the type [{Ti(Cp′)2}2{μ‐1,n‐(O2C)2C6H4}] (n = 2, 8a/b; n = 3, 9a/b; n = 4, 10a/b). All complexes were fully characterized analytically and spectroscopically. Furthermore, complexes 7, 8b, 9a·THF, 10a/b were also be characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analyses.
A New Sulfur‐containing Schiff‐Base Ligand and Binding to Copper(II) and Cobalt(II)
Authors: González Castro Adriana , Sánchez Costa José , Pievo Roberta , Massera Chiara , Mutikainen Ilpo , Turpeinen Urho , Gamez Patrick , Reedijk Jan 
Published: October 2008

AbstractA new Schiff‐base ligand having a potentially coordinating thioether group (2‐quinoline‐N‐(2′‐methylthiophenyl)methyleneimine, qmtpm) has been prepared. The synthesis, structure, UV‐Vis and EPR studies of one copper(II) and two cobalt(II) complexes from this ligand is reported. The X‐ray structures of the CuII and CoII chlorido complexes 1 and 2 reveal the metal atoms in highly distorted square‐pyramidal environments constituted of one tridentate ligand and two anions. On the other hand, the thiocyanato CoII compound 3 exhibits a distorted trigonal‐bipyramidal structure. These structural variations are apparently due to the different counter‐ions which leads to distinct lattice interactions. The spectroscopic data obtained by EPR and UV‐Vis investigations are in agreement with the solid‐state structures of the coordination compounds.
Treatment of a citrin‐deficient patient at the early stage of adult‐onset type II citrullinaemia with arginine and sodium pyruvate
Authors: Mutoh K. , Kurokawa K. , Kobayashi K. , Saheki T. 
Published: October 2008

SummaryCitrin deficiency is a common congenital metabolic defect not only in East Asian populations but also in other populations around the world. It has been shown that although liver transplantation is ultimately required in many patients to prevent neurological decompensation associated with hyperammonaemia, arginine is effective in lowering ammonia in hyperammonaemic patients, and a high‐protein low‐carbohydrate diet may provide some benefit to infants in improving failure to thrive. In the present study, the clinical symptoms and laboratory findings are reported for a 13‐year‐old citrin‐deficient girl in the early stage of adult‐onset type II citrullinaemia (CTLN2), and the therapeutic effect of orally administered arginine and sodium pyruvate was investigated. The patient complained of anorexia, lethargy, fatigue and poor growth, and showed laboratory findings typical of CTLN2; elevated levels of plasma citrulline, threonine‐to‐serine ratio, and serum pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor. Oral administration of arginine and sodium pyruvate for over 3 years improved her clinical symptoms and has almost completely normalized her laboratory findings. It is suggested that the administration of arginine and sodium pyruvate with low‐carbohydrate meals may be an effective therapy in patients with citrin deficiency in order either to prolong metabolic normalcy or to provide a safer and more affordable alternative to liver transplantation.
Alterations in the High Density Lipoprotein Phenotype and HDL‐Associated Enzymes in Subjects with Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Lagos K. G. , Filippatos T. D. , Tsimihodimos V. , Gazi I. F. , Rizos C. , Tselepis A. D. , Mikhailidis D. P. , Elisaf Moses S. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractPatients with metabolic syndrome (MetS) usually have low high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) levels. We determined the HDL distribution profile as well as the HDL‐related lipoprotein associated phospholipase A2 (HDL‐LpPLA2) and paraoxonase‐1 (PON1) activities in subjects with MetS (n = 189) but otherwise healthy. Age and sex‐matched individuals (n = 166) without MetS served as controls. The lower HDL‐C concentration in MetS patients was due to a reduction in both large and small HDL subclasses (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, respectively). As the number of MetS components increased, the HDL phenotype comprised of a greater percentage of small HDL‐3 and less large HDL‐2 subclasses, resulting in a decreased HDL‐2/HDL‐3 ratio (P < 0.001 for all trends). Multivariate analysis revealed that HDL‐2 levels and the HDL‐2/HDL‐3 ratio significantly and independently correlated with HDL‐C (positively) and TG (negatively) levels. HDL‐3 concentration significantly and independently positively correlated with HDL‐C and TG levels. HDL‐LpPLA2 activity was decreased in MetS patients (P < 0.01), a phenomenon that may contribute to the defective antiatherogenic activity of HDL in MetS. PON1 activity did not differ between groups. We conclude that MetS, in addition to the decrease in HDL‐C concentration, is associated with alterations in the HDL phenotype, which is comprised of a greater percentage of small HDL subclasses. Furthermore, HDL‐LpPLA2 activity is decreased in MetS patients.
Child labor and sexual assault among girls in Maiduguri, Nigeria
Authors: Audu Bala , Geidam Ado , Jarma Hajara 
Published: October 2008

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the relationship between child labor and sexual assault among girls in Maiduguri, Nigeria.MethodsFace‐to‐face interview using a validated questionnaire of a randomly selected sample of employed girls.ResultsOut of 350 girls, 316 were successfully interviewed for a response rate of 90.3%. Mean age of the girls was 14.9 ± 2.3 years and mean workday was 8.5 ± 3.8 hours/day. In 33.4% of cases the girls had no formal education, and 78.5% were not currently going to school. The sexual assault rate was 77.7%, and in 38.6% of cases the assailant was a customer. Sexual assault was more likely in girls who were younger than 12 years (OR 3.54; 95% CI, 1.38–9.14), had no formal education (OR 4.80; 95% CI, 1.63–14.16), worked for more than 8 hours/day (OR 4.43; 95% CI, 1.60–12.30), or had 2 or more jobs (OR 16.09; 95% CI, 1.20–61.70).ConclusionTo reduce the risk of sexual assault, if girls are employed they should be older, work for limited hours, and not have more than one job at a time.
Identification of Tumor Evolution Patterns by Means of Inductive Logic Programming
Authors: Bevilacqua Vitoantonio , Chiarappa Patrizia , Mastronardi Giuseppe , Menolascina Filippo , Paradiso Angelo , Tommasi Stefania 
Published: October 2008

Abstract
In considering key events of genomic disorders in the development and progression of cancer, the correlation between genomic instability and carcinogenesis is currently under investigation. In this work, we propose an inductive logic programming approach to the problem of modeling evolution patterns for breast cancer. Using this approach, it is possible to extract fingerprints of stages of the disease that can be used in order to develop and deliver the most adequate therapies to patients. Furthermore, such a model can help physicians and biologists in the elucidation of molecular dynamics underlying the aberrations-waterfall model behind carcinogenesis. By showing results obtained on a real-world dataset, we try to give some hints about further approach to the knowledge-driven validations of such hypotheses.
Improved bone status by the β-blocker propranolol in an animal model of nutritional growth retardation
Authors: Lezón Christian E. , Olivera María I. , Bozzini Clarisa , Mandalunis Patricia , Alippi Rosa M. , Boyer Patricia M. 
Published: October 2008

The aim of the present research was to study if the β-blocker propranolol, which is known to increase bone mass, could reverse the adverse skeletal effects of mild chronic food restriction in weanling rats. Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: control, control+propranolol (CP), nutritional growth retardation (NGR) and nutritional growth retardation+propranolol (NGRP). Control and CP rats were fed freely with the standard diet. NGR and NGRP rats received, for 4 weeks, 80 % of the amount of food consumed by the control and CP rats, respectively. Results were expressed as mean values andsem. Food restriction induced detrimental effects on body and femur weight and length (P < 0·05) and bone structural and geometrical properties (P < 0·001), confirming results previously shown in our laboratory. However, the β-blocker overcame the deleterious effect of nutritional stress on load-bearing capacity, yielding load, bone stiffness, cross-sectional cortical bone area and second moment of inertia of the cross-section in relation to the horizontal axis without affecting anthropometric, histomorphometric and bone morphometric parameters. The results suggest that propranolol administration to mildly chronically undernourished rats markedly attenuates the impaired bone status in this animal model of growth retardation.