bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contribution pour une histoire récente de l'analyse du discours
Authors: Combettes Bernard , Charolles Michel 
Published: November 2007

Michel Charolles et Bernard Combettes : Contribution pour une histoire récente de l'analyse du discours
The development of discourse analysis at the end of the sixties was made possible because the instigators of the major paradigms in the field (analysis of enunciation, analysis of cohesion, text-grammar) reserve to this analysis a specific field not encroaching on the sentence. More recently, the progression of pragmatics which integrates some aspects of discourse analysis deepened the gap between this analysis and sentence grammar. This problematic situation is changing with the diffusion of works presenting a less formal image of the grammatical relations. Between the cohesive relations expressed by the grammar and those specified by the cohesive markers intervaining beyond the sentence there is only a difference of degree of grammaticalization. These perspectives favorish new topics of investigation on discourse in connection with sentence grammar.
Le phénomène sémantico-discursif de déconstruction-reconstruction des topoï dans une sémantique argumentative intégrée
Authors: Galatanu Olga 
Published: November 2007

Olga Galatanu, The semantico-discursive phenomenon of topoï deconstruction-reconstruction in an integrated argumentative semantics
Having as starting point the analysis of semantico-discursive phenomenon, frequent in media discourse, the phenomenon of topoï deconstruction-reconstruction, and in line with the « argumentation in language theory » , this article proposes a description of the lexical meaning suitable to be caracterized as an integrated argumentative semantics which articulates the stereotypes associated to words, in Putnam's meaning, and the « argumentative possibilities » associated to each element of these stereotypes.
An analogy with the quantum states of particles would allow to represent the « argumentative possibilities » of words' meaning as topical clouds, carriers of systems of beliefs .
The article aims to show the incidences of this semantic approach on the analysis of discursive mechanisms.
Les stéréotypes et la contagion des idées
Authors: Dominicy Marc 
Published: November 2007

Marc Dominicy, Les stereotypes et la contagion des idées
In a series of books and articles, Dan Sperber has developed a cognitive theory that distinguishes between « intuitive » and « reflective » beliefs. It is argued here that a reflective belief necessarily contains (or « induces ») at least one « unanalized » concept. This hypothesis allows for a treatment of reflective beliefs which does not reduce them to a particular variety of ordinary beliefs, while leading to a better account of evocation. Indeed, evocation can now he seen as a central (nonmodular) mechanism, in which the processing of an unanalized concept involves the exploration of the « stereotype » assigned to it. In this perspective, « stereotypes » are set of beliefs located in the central system, and should not be confused with (modular) « prototypes ». Marc Dominicy, Les stereotypes et la contagion des idées
In a series of books and articles, Dan Sperber has developed a cognitive theory that distinguishes between « intuitive » and « reflective » beliefs. It is argued here that a reflective belief necessarily contains (or « induces ») at least one « unanalized » concept. This hypothesis allows for a treatment of reflective beliefs which does not reduce them to a particular variety of ordinary beliefs, while leading to a better account of evocation. Indeed, evocation can now he seen as a central (nonmodular) mechanism, in which the processing of an unanalized concept involves the exploration of the « stereotype » assigned to it. In this perspective, « stereotypes » are set of beliefs located in the central system, and should not be confused with (modular) « prototypes ».
Le nombre : essai d'analyse génétique
Authors: Jaffré Jean-Pierre , David Jacques 
Published: November 2007

Jean-Pierre Jaffré et Jacques David. A Genetic Analysis of Number in French
This paper is devoted to the cognitive operations which underlie the acquisition of number in French orthography. To better understand some of the particuliarities of this linguistic category, a genetic approach is derived from the study of the problems children are confronted with, when they try to learn it. Two main aspects are analyzed: the construction of a "plural protosign" through an interface between linguistic and extralinguistic factors, and its morphosyntactic actualisation, with graphic agreements.
L'acquisition des formes verbales en /E/ à l'école élémentaire et au collège, entre phonographie et morphographie
Authors: Brissaud Catherine , Sandon Jean-Michel 
Published: November 2007

Catherine Brissaud et Jean-Michel Sandon. L'acquisition des formes verbales en /E/ à l'école élémentaire et au collège : entre phonographie et morphographie
This article deals with the acquisition of the /E/ French verbal inflexional morphology in primary school and in second high school (from 7 to 15 year old students). The study is based upon the observation of two corpora. The first one consists in metagraphic discussions with the students (from 7 to 10). The second one consists in a test (taken by 1269 students from 10 to 15) about /E/ homophonous verbal endings. The analysis of the errors made by the students led us to bring to light three big tendencies in second high school. We try to analyse how these tendencies work in primary school from the observation of what the students say about errors.
Analyse du corpus ORTHOTEL : apport du traitement automatique à la classification des déviations orthographiques
Authors: Auberge Véronique , Ghneim Nadia , Belrhali Rahia 
Published: November 2007

Véronique Aubergé, Nadia Ghneim, Rabia Belrhali. Analyse du corpus ORTHOTEL : apport du traitement automatique à la classification des déviations orthographiques
The aim of this study is to present organized statistical data extracted from a large corpus of 15 000 forms showing spelling errors. This corpus, ORTHOTEL, is the result of Minitel users wondering about word spelling. An automatic treatment has been applied to the corpus to separate and analyse erors. Half of the forms of the corpus are rightly spelled. It indicates the users' degree of linguistic insecurity. An automatic text-to-phone system applied on the badly spelled words shows that a great part are homophone to a correct word taken from a reference lexicon of 80 000 canonical forms. An alignment algorithm has classified the orthographic transformations which account for deviations from the reference lexicon .
Elle est là qui pleure : construction à thème spatialement localisé
Authors: Furukawa Naoyo 
Published: November 2007

Naoyo Furukawa, Elle est là qui pleure : construction à thème spatialement localisé
This paper argues that sentences of the type Elle est là qui pleure represent a "spatially located theme" construction. Our analysis of the mechanism that produces this particular theme, consists crucially in the observation that the antecedent of the relative pronoun qui is not the subject Elle but, formally speaking, all the sequence that precedes it, that is, Elle est là ; in other words, the rôle of the relative pronoun qui in this construction resides in receiving a spatially located entity semantically from the sequence Elle est là and thematizing it.
Instances frontières et angélisme narratif
Authors: Maingueneau Dominique 
Published: November 2007

Dominique Maingueneau : Borderline beings and narrative "angelism"
This article, based on some concepts of discourse analysis and of the linguistics of enunciation, deals with fuzzy relationships between narrator and character in novelistic narration. The author studies especially two notions that he has already introduced in previous works: "generic character" and "witness- narrator", in order to give them a more precise definition. A distinction is made between "unidentifiable character" and "any member of a group", as enunciative positions in the narrative. The next step is the introduction of a new notion, "narrative angelism", which makes it possible to analyse some short passages beyond the scope of classical narration. Two examples (from Zola and Mauriac) are commented. It is argued that such phenomena, which are very few, are narrowly bound with the resources of a given language (for example, French writers can use the subject pronoun "on") and with the aesthetic universe of the works in which they appear.
Compléments circonstanciels ou appositions ?
Authors: Leeman Danielle 
Published: November 2007

Danielle Leeman - Compléments circonstanciels ou appositions?
Contemporary studies on apposition no longer take into account, as one of its characteristics, the traditional criterion of co-reference , understood as a virtual (lexical) or actual (referential) identity; from this point of view, certain adverbial complements may be considered as appositions. However, the study of numerous prepositional groups introduced by dans shows that the notion of co-reference is useful when it comes to distinguishing analytically between two types of functions an adverbial complement may have, in so far as its meaning may be circumstantial (e.g. of cause, manner, place) or else correspond to the verbal idea : thus, the decision to dissolve the National Assembly constitutes a mistake in a sentence such as Dans sa décision de dissoudre l'assemblée, Chirac a commis une erreur.
Préliminaires à une étude de l'apposition dans la langue parlée
Authors: Blanche-Benveniste Claire , Caddeo Sandrine 
Published: November 2007

Claire Blanche-Benveniste, Sandrine Caddéo - Préliminaires à une étude de l'apposition dans la langue parlée
The definition one takes as a basis for studying appositions in spoken French can vary from broad stereotyped types to more limitative cases. Largely dependent on the particular register of language, as well as the definition one takes as a basis. From the to the limit cases, the range of examples that can come under the category of "appositions" is broader than in the written language, although one can dispense with some of the descriptive criteria such as punctuation.
La linguistique diachronique, les études sur la grammaticalisation et la sémantique du prototype : présentation
Authors: De Mulder Walter 
Published: November 2007

Walter De Mulder: La linguistique diachronique, la grammaticalisation et la sémantique du prototype
The only objective of this text is to offer a general presentation of the research on grammaticalization and of diachronic prototype semantics. After a brief reminder of the history of the studies on grammaticalization, it presents the "parameters of grammaticalization" of Lehmann. Then, it turns to the way research of grammaticalization has tried to account for the semantic evolution of the grammaticalized elements, first in terms of metaphoric transfers, then in terms of contextual reinterpretation and metonymy, and, finally, on the basis of the general hypothesis of subjectification. The second part of the article presents the way prototype semantics can be used to analyze semantic change, starting from an article by Peter Koch and the book on diachronic prototype semantics by Dirk Geeraerts.
Grammaticalisation et évolution des systèmes grammaticaux
Authors: Marchello-Nizia Christiane 
Published: November 2007

Christiane Marchello-Nizia : Grammaticalisation et évolution des systèmes grammaticaux
"Grammaticalization" is defined as the formation of grammatical elements out of lexical units, and the creation of new paradigms. This paper wants to attract attention to a third type of changes, on a more abstract level: the changes which modify the system of distinctions and oppositions on which the paradigms of the language, its grammar, are founded. The author analyzes three changes which have occurred in French from the end of the twelfth century to the sixteenth century: the reorganization of the system of the demonstratives, the replacement of moult by beaucoup and très, and the introduction of new forms in the paradigm of the indefinites. She proposes to explain these changes by the hypothesis that they reflect the introduction in French of a formal and paradigmatic difference between units of first level (nouns, pronouns, verbs) and units of second level (adjectives, determiners, adverbs).
Compétences, productions et représentations métalinguistiques chez des migrants espagnols de longue date
Authors: Costa-Galligani Stéphanie 
Published: November 2007

Stéphanie Costa-Galligani : Compétences, productions et représentations métalinguistiques chez des migrants espagnols de longue date
This article deals with the relationship between the metalinguistic perceptions of Spanish migrants who have been living in France for many years and whose appropriation of French has been largely informal through their social and linguistic integration, and their linguistic output in French. The latter is analysed with regard to zones of fluctuation and stability in their terminal grammar. The data take the form of interviews and oral expression of their life-stories including their linguistic autobiographies on the one hand, and linguistic introspection on the other. The aim is to describe a near-native state of interlanguage, where the spoken form has attained a stage of stability and /or fossilization, in order to characterise an advanced non-native variety of French.
Jeux de rôle et évaluations sur le vif en Belgique néerlandophone : analyse d'un double bind ordinaire
Authors: Flament-Boistrancourt Danièle 
Published: November 2007

Danielle Flament-Boistrancourt : Jeux de rôle et évaluations sur le vif en Belgique néerlandophone : analyse d'un double bind ordinaire
The teaching of spoken French L1 or L2 has always been considered as a difficult objective. In order to understand better the reasons for this phenomenon, we took the opportunity of the present renewal of French L2 teaching in the Dutch-speaking part of Belgium, to undertake the data collection of teachers discourse via spontaneous observations and assessments made during classroom role-plays.
The analysis of our corpus shows that teachers have inherited views on language and learning which are not adapted to the new pedagogical model for the communicative teaching of French L2. Most puzzling was not so much the existence of these double binds as the fact they persist. It appears that successful communication as seen in the French classes observed relies on a common schooling heritage among teachers and pupils. It is that very heritage which, from a psychosocial point of view, allows the class to interact in a rewarding way and exist as a group. This is true for any human communication based on a minimum of shared knowledge. It is possible to escape that teaching inheritance, so remote from the true linguistic workings of verbal interactions in French, by the use of reflexive training techniques and an outsider's point of view. communication based on a minimum of shared knowledge. It is possible to escape that teaching inheritance, so remote from the true linguistic workings of verbal interactions in French, by the use of reflexive training techniques and an outsider's point of view.
Mots-phrases, phrasillons, locutions-énoncés : aux frontières de la grammaire et du lexique en français langue étrangère
Authors: Porquier Rémy 
Published: November 2007

Rémy Porquier : Mots-phrases, phrasillons, locutions-énoncés : aux frontières de la grammaire et du lexique en français langue étrangère
This paper focuses on the specific status, both from linguistic and didactic points of view, of those short discourse units on the borders of grammar and lexis, often called in French « mots-phrases » [single-word sentences], and which we choose to call « locutions-énoncés » (allô, bonjour, au revoir, ça y est, attention, au secours) since they can function fundamentally as full discourse units, although many grammars include most of them within the category of interjections. According to various criteria, including their oral characteristics, they are shown to perform a wide variety of pragmatic and discourse functions (as already suggested by Tesnière in 1965) where the meanings are closely associated with specific prosodie patterns. Secondly, the place and the role of these units in the learning /teaching of French as a second or foreign language is considered, as a component of discursive competence in relation to oral interaction including intonation.
Esquisse d'une histoire négative de l'endophasie
Authors: Bergounioux Gabriel 
Published: November 2007

Gabriel Bergounioux : A brief negative history of endophasia concentrating almost exclusively on work in French devoted to this issue
Literature today, in its most prominent forms, offers concrete evidence of endophasia. Human sciences first encountered this mode of realized speech in clinical experiments in aphasia, in theories of the unconscious, in semantic research and in studies in child language acquisition. A debate between Egger (1881) and Charcot (1884), the latter supported by Bernard (1885) and Dugas (1896), led to an accepted position which, foregrounding as it did a typology of characters as well as principles of cortical localization, completely abandoned linguistics. During the first half of the twentieth century, Piaget, followed by Vygotski, by dint of new observations revived interest in the question, which was dealt with also within structuralist theory by Jakobson in his notion of code and by Benveniste in his theory of énonciation, separating the linguistic from that which concerns being per se.
À propos de même
Authors: Culioli Antoine 
Published: November 2007

Antoine Culioli : À propos de même
An analysis of the various uses of même, including a special consideration for its position in the utterance, is brought out within the framework of a "schematic form", considered as an abstract (metalinguistic) form, liable to lay the foundation of a reasoning on the variation of the value of the word, and, thus, to simulate what is bound to remain moving, unsteady and inaccessible in itself.
Identité et variation du verbe jouer
Authors: Romero-Lopes Marcia Cristina 
Published: November 2007

Márcia Cristina Romero-Lopes : Identité et variation du verbe jouer
This paper is based on the hypothesis that the identity of the French verb jouer cannot be reduced to a given basic meaning. The author holds that the word can be considered as a potential which gets actualised in its different uses. She proposes both a definition of this potential, in terms of a "schematic form", and a means to account for the variation of the meaning of the verb through the different ways this schematic form can be brought into play. can be considered as a potential which gets actualised in its different uses. She proposes both a definition of this potential, in terms of a "schematic form", and a means to account for the variation of the meaning of the verb through the different ways this schematic form can be brought into play.
De la métaphore dans les proverbes
Authors: Conenna Mirella , Kleiber Georges 
Published: November 2007

Mirella Conenna & Georges Kleiber : Metaphor in proverbs
The authors try to confirm the idea that so-called metaphorical proverbs show the same characteristics as classical lexical metaphors. They thus apply a grid of metaphorical analysis to the interpretation of one specific proverb chosen as a typical case. They also study the synecdochical link between proverbial meaning and literal meaning, as displayed by several proverbs. They also study, to a certain extent, the problem of proverbs and metaphor in general.
De l'adjuvant expressif au « projet sémiologique »
Authors: Fontanille Jacques 
Published: November 2007

Jacques Fontanelle : From the expressive helper to the "semiotic plan" (stylistics and rhetoricin competitive examinations "Agrégation" and "CAPES")
This paper studies the official reports about the competitive examinations (to choose teachers) named in France "Agrégation" and "Capes" from 1985 tol998. Our purpose is to define the place of rhetoric into the stylistic descriptions (which are required for a specific test, coming within these examinations), and, further, to precise with witch theoretical presuppositions, and with witch special effects on the description itself. Furthermore, we suggest to place all this facts onto the "rhetoric dimension" of discourses, and more generally, in the perspective of the "enunciative praxis". This analysis is first concerned with underlining the main semantic, syntactic and enunciative categories witch link the rhetorical analysis with the stylistic one. But, on the whole, and secondly, the matter is to examine how the stylistic analysis makes the rhetorical figures significant. Our final proposition is to consider that the stylistic analysis converts each rhetorical figure, and the whole of them gathered in the text, too, in a canonical sequence composed with three stages: (1) the stage of "confrontation" between two (at least) domains or enunciative positions, (2) the stage of "enunciative assuming" witch modifies the respective weight of the confronted domains, and (3) the stage of "resolution" of the semantic conflict, which defines the conditions and the process of interpretation. Our final proposition is to consider that the stylistic analysis converts each rhetorical figure, and the whole of them gathered in the text, too, in a canonical sequence composed with three stages: (1) the stage of "confrontation" between two (at least) domains or enunciative positions, (2) the stage of "enunciative assuming" witch modifies the respective weight of the confronted domains, and (3) the stage of "resolution" of the semantic conflict, which defines the conditions and the process of interpretation.
Analyse linguistique des textes et stylistique
Authors: Combettes Bernard , Karabétian Étienne Stéphane 
Published: November 2007

Bernard Combettes : Linguistic analysis of Texts and Stylistics
The recent progress of studies in cognitive field in linguistic text analysis can allow text grammar and stylistics to find common problematics. Some of the fields in which cognitive processing and discursive specificity may be taken in account conjointly are presented: drawing up connections between linguistic markers and textual structures, determining relevant textual units, defining a dynamic context, taking into account the discursive memory and the processing of informational structure. The emphasis is on interaction that occurs between various subsystems in coherence processing.
Incidence énonciative des adjectifs vrai et véritable en antéposition nominale
Authors: Legallois Dominique 
Published: November 2007

Dominique Legallois : Rethinking "hedges": argumentative and enonciative function of the French adjectives vrai & véritable
This paper aims at bringing out the function of the french adjectives vrai/véritable used before the noun, through an examination of the role they play as hedges. Contrary to the traditional analysis highlighting a semantic functioning, we argue that these adjectives confirm - in order to face up to a contradiction, or to anticipate it - the truth (the relevance) of the enunciation.