bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Concentration of Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) and Arachidonic Acid (AA) in Human Milk Is Associated With the Size of Maternal Social Network
Authors: Babiszewska‐Aksamit Magdalena , Szołtysik Marek , Apanasewicz Anna , Piosek Magdalena , Winczowska Patrycja , Cierniak Agnieszka , Danel Dariusz P. , Ziomkiewicz Anna 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionSocial factors, such as kin and non‐kin support in helping the mother of a newborn baby, impact the duration of lactation and may affect human milk composition. Recent studies suggest that maternal stress negatively affects the level of polyunsaturated fatty acids in human milk, which are crucial for infant vision and brain development. We suggest that social support may have the potential to attenuate a negative effect of stress on the composition of human milk fatty acids.MethodsWe studied 129 exclusively breastfeeding mothers and their healthy, term infants to explore the relationship between support from significant others (structural and functional) and the concentration of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, N = 49) and arachidonic acid (AA, N = 129) in human milk. We also examined whether maternal stress reactivity (log Cort. AUC) may be related to these fatty acids. Gas chromatography was used to analyze the concentration of DHA and AA in human milk samples.ResultsAnalyses revealed a positive association between the number of helpers (structural support) and the concentration of DHA and AA. Maternal stress reactivity was not a statistically significant predictor of DHA and AA contents in milk and was unrelated to the number of helpers.ConclusionOur results show for the first time that human milk composition, particularly DHA and AA concentrations, may be associated with the size of mothers' immediate social network of kin and non‐kin helpers. This result is consistent with evolutionary studies that emphasize the role of cooperative breeding in human reproduction.
Chronic Stress and Severe Water Insecurity During the Historic 2022 Drought in Northern Kenya Were Associated With Inflammation Among Daasanach Seminomadic Pastoralists
Authors: Roba Kedir Teji , Jacobson Hannah , McGrosky Amanda , Sadhir Srishti , Ford Leslie B. , Pfaff Marcela , Kim Elizabeth Y. , Nzunza Rosemary , Douglass Matthew , Braun David R. , Ndiema Emmanuel , Urlacher Samuel S. , Pontzer Herman , Rosinger Asher Y. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveExtreme climatic events, like droughts, are increasing in frequency and severity. Droughts disrupt community livelihoods and resources with serious implications for human biology. This study investigated how chronic stress, measured by fingernail cortisol concentration (FCC), and water insecurity status were predictive of C‐reactive protein (CRP), a biomarker of inflammation, during a historic drought among Daasanach seminomadic pastoralists.MethodsData were collected at the height of the 2022 drought from 128 Daasanach household heads aged 16–80 years in northern Kenya using household surveys, anthropometric measurements, and dried blood spots to assess CRP levels and fingernails to assess FCC. We employed mixed‐effects linear and logistic regression models to examine the relationships between log‐transformed FCC, high water insecurity status measured via the Household Water Insecurity Experiences (HWISE ≥ 24) scale, and serum‐equivalent CRP (log‐transformed and dichotomized at mild, low‐grade inflammation ≥ 1 mg/L) adjusted for covariates.ResultsThe mean serum‐equivalent CRP was 4.1 mg/L and 56.3% of Daasanach adults had at least mild, low‐grade inflammation. Linear models indicated that ln(FCC) was positively associated with ln(CRP) (β = 0.56, SE = 0.12; p < 0.001). Further, logistic models demonstrated that ln(FCC) (OR = 2.69, 95% CI: 1.84–3.95; p < 0.001) and high water insecurity (OR = 2.23, 95% CI: 1.34–3.72; p = 0.002) were both associated with greater odds of low‐grade inflammation.ConclusionThis study provides evidence for how chronic stress and severe water insecurity may impact inflammation levels among pastoralists during drought. Since inflammation is central to cardiometabolic disease etiology, this is an additional reason to mitigate the negative health impacts of droughts and water insecurity exacerbated by climate change.
Synthesis, Comprehensive Characterization, and Enhanced Dielectric Performance of Chitosan–Silver Oxide Composites for Advanced Electronic Applications
Authors: Abdel‐Basset T. A. , Alkayal Nazeeha S. , Khalil Khaled , Bashal Ali H. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIn this study, we synthesized and characterized chitosan–silver oxide (Ag₂O) nanocomposites to investigate their dielectric properties and potential applications in advanced electronics. Comprehensive analysis using techniques such as TGA, EDX, XRD, SEM, and FTIR confirmed the successful formation of uniformly dispersed Ag₂O nanoparticles within the chitosan matrix. The interaction between silver oxide and the active sites of chitosan was crucial in achieving this stable composite structure. Our findings revealed that the dielectric permittivity of the nanocomposites decreases with increasing frequency, particularly in samples with higher Ag₂O content, because of Maxwell–Wagner–Sillars interfacial polarization. Furthermore, the electric modulus analysis indicated reduced electrode polarization and enhanced α‐relaxation with increased Ag₂O, suggesting improved performance in frequency‐dependent applications. The conductivity behavior, characterized by a power‐law dependence on frequency, aligns with the correlated barrier hopping model of charge transport. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations supported the experimental results, highlighting the stability and enhanced reactivity of the Ag₂O/CS composite compared with pure chitosan. These combined experimental and theoretical insights underscore the potential of Ag₂O/CS nanocomposites for applications in electrical engineering, catalysis, sensing, and nanomaterial fabrication.
Copper Nanoclusters Modified MOF‐199 for the Removal of Methyl Mercaptan and Hydrogen Sulfide From Natural Gas
Authors: Zhou Feiyu , Zhu Wenli , Chen Xuedan , Xu Changkangle , He Maozheng , Fu Qingshan 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTMOF‐199 is modified by copper nanoclusters in three different solvents (H2O, DMF and H2O + DMF) to improve its performance in simultaneous removal of methyl mercaptan and hydrogen sulfide from natural gas. The composites are characterized by sorts of evaluation methods, and their capacities for removal of methyl mercaptan and hydrogen sulfide from natural gas are evaluated. The results show that copper nanoclusters are successfully loaded on MOF‐199, and the morphology and crystal structure of the modified MOF‐199 do not change significantly compared with pure MOF‐199. However, the type of solvent and the content of copper nanoclusters affect the specific surface area and pore size of MOF‐199. The highest specific surface area of 1177 m2 g−1 is reached when 0.24‐wt% copper nanoclusters are loaded on MOF‐199 in H2O. This sample presents a total pore volume of 0.58 cm3 g−1, an average pore size of 2.01 nm, and the highest breakthrough capacities for H2S (41.25 mg g−1) and CH3SH (71.42 mg g−1), which are 33.75% and 65.59% higher than that of pure MOF‐199, respectively. This demonstrates that the modification of MOF‐199 by copper nanoclusters can further boost the removal efficiency of H2S and CH3SH.
From Nets to Knowledge—Fishers Unveil Threatened Guitarfish Catch Drivers and Fishing Grounds
Authors: Zubair Masiat Alam , Islam Md. Sazidul , Khan Shawnujjaman , Hosssain Nazia , Haque Alifa Bintha 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe artisanal fishing in the Bay of Bengal has been characterized by complex heterogeneity. A lack of comprehensive data on threatened elasmobranchs (sharks and rays), including guitarfish, hinders evidence‐based management. This study evaluated the status of guitarfish, focusing on the effects of artisanal fishing and the socioeconomic circumstances of fishers impacting catch and perceived catch trends. The impacts were assessed spatially and temporally in coastal Bangladesh. Interviews were conducted with 150 artisanal fishers in primary fish landing locations and fishing communities. The analysis showed a notable decrease in the perceived catch of various guitarfish species. Catch decreased significantly for Glaucostegus granulatus, sharpnose guitarfish, and Rhina ancylostoma, bowmouth guitarfish in the past decade. The decrease was linked to overfishing, illegal/harmful fishing techniques and injuries from fishing equipment. Fishing‐related (soak time, gear, depth at fishing and vessel length) and socioeconomic drivers (income and debt levels) were found to impact guitarfish catch levels. Socioeconomic factors complicate the situation because these factors influence fishers' fishing habits, perspectives and decision‐making. Guitarfish were caught both as a target and incidentally. Most captures occurred in the southcentral region of Bangladesh. Four hotspots of guitarfish catches were identified based on the fishers' knowledge. The critical habitats in the Ganges‐Brahmaputra‐Meghna (GBM) delta mouth area are vital habitats for guitarfish, highlighting the need to protect these ecosystems using spatial management tools. To tackle the complex issues of guitarfish conservation, the local fishing communities need a holistic strategy combining biological knowledge, socioeconomic factors and specific codesigned initiatives. Although fishers may lack formal education, there is a distinct potential for specialized and bilateral conservation education programmes to empower fishing communities and promote sustainable practices. Conservation measures should focus on mixed methods, such as community engagement, enhanced socioeconomic circumstances and efficient spatial and fishing technique management.
Diversifying Ecology Education for Everyone Through More Inclusive, Interdisciplinary, and Accessible Teaching
Authors: Byrne Loren B. , Rauschert Emily S. J. , Rodgers Vikki L. , Bowser Gillian , Casper Aramati , Dewsbury Bryan , Morales Nia , Vance‐Chalcraft Heather D. , Weber Louise 
Published: February 2025

AbstractEducating more students about ecology and its beneficial applications to societal issues is urgent yet challenging. To address this challenge, diversifying ecology education is a key way to make ecology more inclusive, accessible, and interdisciplinary for more people than ever. Advancing this goal requires ecology educators to develop a more expansive view of (1) how to engage more diverse undergraduate students in ecology courses, especially those from historically underrepresented groups and non‐majors, (2) the interdisciplinarity of content in those courses, and (3) the learner‐centered pedagogies used to engage students. We suggest ways that ecologists can advance “ecology education for everyone” including focusing on connecting ecology to students' everyday lives and local (urbanized) places; applying ecology to solving problems in social–ecological systems; introducing students to the diversity of worldviews about science and nature; and adopting authentic teaching practices such as course‐based undergraduate research, service learning, and reflective practices. Through such efforts, ecology education can become more positivistic and pluralistic and help students better appreciate the value of ecology for society and use their ecological literacy to engage in improving local communities and ecosystems. Successful diversification of ecology education should also benefit the discipline of ecology as more diverse students decide to take more ecology courses, potentially pursue ecology‐related careers, and support ecologically based decision‐making for a more sustainable and environmentally just future for all people.
The FRET‐Based APTA Sensor/Cy3 Complex for Glucose Determination
Authors: Bardajee Ghasem Rezanejade , Chahrogh Afsaneh Rahimi , Atashkadi Mojdeh 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis study developed a sensitive and cost‐effective fluorescent probe based on the Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) method to monitor blood glucose levels. The APTA sensor/Cy3 probe consisted of cadmium telluride quantum dots modified with thioglycolic acid (CdTe‐TGA QDs), a thiol‐glucose‐aptamer, and a Cy3‐labeled aptamer. Due to the well‐matched emission spectrum of the CdTe QDs and the absorption spectrum of Cy3, the FRET system decreased fluorescence intensity. However, glucose molecules quenched it when introduced to the system. The linear relationship between fluorescence intensity and glucose concentration was established with a detection limit of 7.72 × 10−9 M. The APTA sensor/Cy3 complex demonstrated excellent selectivity and specificity toward glucose and a high recovery rate of 96.00–101.11% in human serum and urine using the spiking method. The structural and morphological characteristics of the APTA sensor/Cy3 complex were confirmed by UV–visible spectroscopy, Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and dynamic light scattering (DLS) analyses. The results suggest that the FRET‐based APTA sensor/Cy3 complex would lead to the development of fluorescent probes for screening biological metabolites in clinical diagnostics and research.
Enhancing Biomass Productivity by Forecast‐Informed Pond Operations
Authors: Yan Hongxiang , Wigmosta Mark S. , Sun Ning , Gao Song , Huesemann Michael H. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTMicroalgal cultivation for biofuels and proteins holds significant promise but faces challenges in achieving economically viable biomass productivity under variable environmental conditions. This study introduces a forecast‐informed pond operation (FIPO) system that uses numerical weather prediction (NWP) ensemble forecasts and the biomass assessment tool (BAT) to optimize daily dilution rates for enhanced biomass production. In contrast to the current practice, where fixed dilution rates are based on operator experience, the FIPO system determines the optimal dilution rate based on future weather forecasts and biomass growth conditions. Our experiments validate the effectiveness of FIPO in both short‐ and long‐term growth scenarios. In short‐term experiments, FIPO increased biomass production by 21.3% compared to batch growth and 7.4% over fixed dilution (60% every 3 days) operations. The NWP forecast‐informed operations achieved biomass production nearly identical to that using perfect weather forecasts, highlighting the accuracy of current NWP forecasts for guiding pond operations. In long‐term experiments, FIPO resulted in biomass production increases of 13.3% and 17.8% compared to two fixed dilution rates (60% every 3 days and 20% daily). These findings underscore the viability of using NWP forecasts to optimize microalgal cultivation systems. By adjusting daily dilution rates in response to forecasted weather, operators can achieve higher biomass yields and mitigate risks associated with environmental variability. This study provides a foundation for future research and practical applications in commercial‐scale microalgal production.
Self‐Reported Motor and Non‐Motor Symptoms in People With Functional Gait Disorder: A Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Issak Sara , Williams Gavin , Kanaan Richard A. , Fini Natalie A. , Nielsen Glenn 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundFunctional gait disorder is a common presentation of functional neurological disorder. Altered gait is the defining feature, along with a range of associated motor and nonmotor symptoms. The aim of this study was to explore the prevalence and impact of these symptoms in people with functional gait disorder.MethodsA total of 156 people with functional gait disorder completed an online survey that included demographic information, self‐reported symptoms, and standardized questionnaires.ResultsWeakness (85.9%) and reduced balance (80.1%) were the most prevalent motor symptoms, while fatigue (85.9%), somatosensory (69.9%), and cognitive (69.9%) symptoms were the most prevalent nonmotor symptoms. Logistic regression indicated that dependent ambulation had the greatest association with fear of falling and functional seizures (X2 (11, n = 128) = 40.68, p < 0.001). Stepwise regression indicated that functional seizures, muscle rigidity, depression, fear of falling, pain, and speech symptoms were associated with reduced participation in work and social function (adjusted R2 = 0.39, F (6, 120) = 14.31, p < 0.001). Stepwise regression revealed that lower physical quality of life was associated with pain, bradykinesia, fatigue, and dystonia (adjusted R2 = 0.32, F (4, 122) = 15.92, p < 0.001) while depression, anxiety, and functional seizures were associated with reduced mental quality of life (adjusted R2 = 0.46, F (3, 123) = 36.89, p < 0.001).ConclusionsMotor and nonmotor symptoms are highly prevalent in people with functional gait disorder and are associated with high levels of disability, reduced participation in work and social function, and reduced quality of life.
Barriers of Blockchain in Sustainability Reporting: An Application With Fuzzy AHP
Authors: Oz Yaşar , Cakir Fatma Sönmez , Ceyhan İsmail Fatih , Zelka Ahmet , Akbulut Halim 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTSustainability Reporting, which is a non‐financial reporting, is an important practice that includes measuring and reporting the social, environmental, and economic impacts of an organization. The accuracy and transparency of these reports is a crucial factor for consumers and investors. Blockchain technology is seen as a tool that can increase the accuracy and transparency of sustainability reporting by offering a decentralized and transparent system. However, there are barriers to the use and adoption of blockchain technology. Studies reveal technological, institutional, organizational, and environmental factors. Integration issues between different blockchain networks can threaten data integrity and accuracy. In addition, problems such as high energy consumption and low transaction speed can also affect the sustainability of blockchain technology. In the study, the barriers to the use of blockchain technology in sustainability reporting were analysed. For this purpose, the criteria determined were presented to expert opinions and criterion weighting was made with the Fuzzy AHP method. The most important results from the study show that resistance to change, the idea that the system works at a limited capacity, and the lack of trust in the system are the most affecting barriers preventing the adoption of blockchain technology in this space.
Augmented Reality‐Based Interactive Scheme for Robot‐Assisted Percutaneous Renal Puncture Navigation
Authors: Zhuang Yiwei , Wang Shuyi , Xie Hua , Qing Wei , Li Haoliang , Shen Yuhan , Shen Yichun 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we present an Augmented Reality (AR)‐based application combined with a robotic system for percutaneous renal puncture navigation interaction and demonstrate its technical feasibility. Our system provides an intuitive interaction scheme between the surgeon and the robot without the need for traditional external input devices, and applies an image‐target‐based 3D registration scheme to transform the coordinate system between Hololens2 and the robot without using additional tracking devices. Users can visualize the abdominal puncture phantom and obtain 3D depth information of the lesion site by wearing Hololens2 and control the robot directly using buttons or gestures. To investigate the accuracy and feasibility of the proposed interaction scheme, six subjects were recruited to complete 3D registration alignment accuracy experiments, and puncture positioning accuracy experiments using ultrasound unaided navigation, AR unaided navigation and AR robotic navigation. The results showed that the average alignment error of 3D registration was 3.61 ± 1.05 mm. The average positioning errors of ultrasound freehand navigation, AR freehand navigation and AR robotic navigation were 7.67 ± 2.00 mm, 6.13 ± 1.07 mm and 5.52 ± 0.37 mm, respectively; the average puncture times were 34.86 ± 1.67 s, 22.40 ± 2.07 s, and 29.41 ± 1.37 s.
Epigallocatechin‐Gallate: Unraveling Its Protective Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential
Authors: Dong Xiang‐Wen , Fang Wen‐Lan , Li Yun‐Hang , Chai Yu‐Rong 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTEpigallocatechin‐gallate (EGCG), the predominant catechin in green tea, is a key constituent of tea polyphenols. Due to the EGCG's diverse biological activities of anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, and so forth, green tea is believed to exert a positive influence on a variety of diseases. And extensive research had uncovered a range of protective effects attributed to EGCG, indicating its potential to mitigate various pathological conditions. The precise mechanisms through which EGCG operates remain a subject of ongoing discussion among researchers. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), a primary culprit in oxidative stress, have been demonstrated to be reduced by EGCG. Furthermore, nuclear factor kappa‐B (NF‐κB), a pivotal signal molecular of inflammation progress, has been observed to be suppressed by EGCG. Sirtuins1 (Sirt1) is a histone deacetylase, the obligate substrate of which is NAD+. Evidence suggests that EGCG can enhance the activities of Sirt1 to induce autophagy to protect inflammation injury and oxidative stress in tissues and organs. Despite the promising protective effects of EGCG, its clinical use is constrained by its limited bioavailability. This review aims to consolidate the existing evidence and elucidate the mechanisms that support EGCG's protective role, as well as to explore the challenges and potential strategies for its clinical application.
Mechanisms of particle adhesion influence on high‐viscosity solid–liquid flow and mixing in a stirred tank using particle image velocimetry
Authors: Wei Hui‐Long , Liu Rong‐Sheng , Ouyang Bo , Zhu Li‐Tao , Lei He , Luo Zheng‐Hong 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIn recent years, despite significant advancements in particle image velocimetry (PIV) technology for multiphase flows, research focused on uncovering the mechanisms of flow and mixing in unconventional high‐viscosity two‐phase systems remains relatively scarce. To address this issue, we conduct angle‐resolved PIV experiments to investigate the mechanism of particle adhesion and its effect on high‐viscosity solid–liquid flow and mixing in a stirred tank reactor. The glycerol aqueous solution (92 wt.%) and the silica glass spheres are designed as the continuous phase and the discrete phase, respectively, to achieve the refractive index matching (RIM). Multi‐view experiments are subsequently conducted to reveal particle adhesion mechanisms and screen their effect on the spatial distribution of solids inside the stirred tank. This work provides valuable insights into the identification of particle adhesion mechanism in solid–liquid stirred tank reactors.