bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Discovery of vitexin as a novel α‐glucosidase inhibitors in mulberry (Morus alba L.) by untargeted metabolomics combined with molecular docking: A comprehensive study from mechanism to synergy effects
Authors: Wang Zichun , Zhang Lu , Wang Meng , Ding Zhenjiang , Ren Difeng , Duan Shenglin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMulberry (Morus alba L.) leaf can effectively inhibit the digestion of starchy foods, and α‐glucosidase (AG) is its main target. This study employed an untargeted metabolomics approach combined with molecular docking to identify AG inhibitors. Subsequently, inhibition kinetics, fluorescence spectroscopy, and interaction force analysis were utilized to investigate the inhibitory mechanism. Results indicated that vitexin exhibited significant reversible inhibition of AG through competitive inhibition, with an IC50 value of 105.50 ± 1.30 μg/mL. Molecular docking revealed hydrogen bonding as the main interaction force between vitexin and AG, and quenching mechanism analysis showed that they underwent static quenching driven by entropy. The results of the combined experiment showed that 1‐deoxynojirimycin (DNJ), a known bioactive component in mulberry, has a synergistic effect of inhibiting AG activity with vitexin. This study elucidates the potential mechanism of vitexin in inhibiting AG activity and provides theoretical evidence for utilizing vitexin‐DNJ complexes as functional components of AG inhibitors.
Design of a Copper(II) Complex with Tetradentate Bis‐Benzotriazole‐Appended Bipyridine Ligand and its Catalytic Application in A3 Coupling Reaction
Authors: Pandey Sharmila , Ray Saswati , Mandal Tanmoy 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this report, a Cu(II) complex Cu‐L4 containing a new tetradentate benzotriazole‐appended bipyridine ligand was synthesized and characterized fully via spectroscopic and crystallographic techniques. The crystal structure of the complex revealed that the ligand is bound to copper in a tetradentate fashion in a plane and the axial positions are occupied by an anion and a solvent molecule, resulting in a distorted octahedral geometry of the complex in solid‐state. This air‐stable complex was utilized as homogeneous precatalyst for the synthesis of several propargylamine derivatives by 3‐component A3 coupling reactions of aldehydes, amines, and alkynes under aerial atmosphere.
Acute physiological responses of blood flow restriction between high‐intensity interval repetitions in trained cyclists
Authors: Pugh Charles F. , Paton Carl D. , Ferguson Richard A. , Driller Matthew W. , Martyn Beaven C. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBlood flow restriction (BFR) is increasingly being used to enhance aerobic performance in endurance athletes. This study examined physiological responses to BFR applied in recovery phases within a high‐intensity interval training (HIIT) session in trained cyclists. Eleven competitive road cyclists (mean ± SD, age: 28 ± 7 years, body mass: 69 ± 6 kg, peak oxygen uptake: 65 ± 9 mL · kg−1 · min−1) completed two randomised crossover conditions: HIIT with (BFR) and without (CON) BFR applied during recovery phases. HIIT consisted of six 30‐s cycling bouts at an intensity equivalent to 85% of maximal 30‐s power (523 ± 93 W), interspersed with 4.5‐min recovery. BFR (200 mmHg, 12 cm cuff width) was applied for 2‐min in the early recovery phase between each interval. Pulmonary gas exchange (V̇O2, V̇CO2, and V̇E), tissue oxygen saturation index (TSI), heart rate (HR), and serum vascular endothelial growth factor concentration (VEGF) were measured. Compared to CON, BFR increased V̇CO2 and V̇E during work bouts (both p < 0.05, dz < 0.5), but there was no effect on V̇O2, TSI, or HR (p > 0.05). In early recovery, BFR decreased TSI, V̇O2, V̇CO2, and V̇E (all p < 0.05, dz > 0.8) versus CON, with no change in HR (p > 0.05). In late recovery, when BFR was released, V̇O2, V̇CO2, V̇E, and HR increased, but TSI decreased versus CON (all p < 0.05, dz > 0.8). There was a greater increase in VEGF at 3‐h post‐exercise in BFR compared to CON (p < 0.05, dz > 0.8). Incorporating BFR into HIIT recovery phases altered physiological responses compared to exercise alone.
Lithological controls on the timing of strath terrace staircase formation in a collisional mountain belt
Authors: Zondervan Jesse R. , Stokes Martin , Boulton Sarah J. , Telfer Matt W. , Mather Anne E. , Belfoul Mhamed A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn mountain belts, strath terrace staircases serve as markers for deriving river incision rates and erosional patterns. Distinguishing between terrace patterns influenced by external perturbations like changes in climate and tectonics and those driven by internal dynamics including feedbacks between topography, erosion and sediment transport remains challenging. We demonstrate that in a collisional mountain belt, lithology can act as a first‐order control on the spatial and temporal scales of strath terrace formation. Here, we investigate the role of lithology in modulating internal dynamics and the formation of strath terraces in the Mgoun River catchment of the High Atlas in Morocco, a region characterised by constant low‐rate rock uplift, a cyclical cool‐warm/arid‐humid Quaternary climate history and contrasting bedrock lithologies. By collecting (1) modern river and terrace clast data, (2) bedrock strath and strath‐top sediment elevations of four terrace levels, (3) terrace sedimentology and (4) integration with published terrace chronology, we found a dominance of local sediment input from hillslopes, mostly from recycled bedrock conglomerates. Additionally, we found valley width, controlled by the stratigraphic and structural configuration of lithological erodibility, significantly impacts sediment connectivity. The isolation between valleys with varying widths results in varied timescales of river channel response to hillslope coupling, with hillslope‐derived stochastic sediment gravity flows preserved in fluvial terraces in some river reaches and not in others. Furthermore, asynchronous terrace formation and abandonment ages result from the low longitudinal river connectivity between multiple valleys formed in erodible rock separated by gorges in high‐strength rock. These gorges limit knickpoint migration rates, inhibiting the ability of terraces formed in one valley to spread through the catchment. These findings can inform future research distinguishing between autogenic and external signals in erosional landscapes and help carefully derive river incision rates and climate insights from terraces.
Starch digestibility: How single, double, and multiple physicochemical modifications change nutritional attributes of starch?
Authors: Rostamabadi Hadis , Demirkesen Ilkem , Mert Behic , Barua Sreejani , Colussi Rosana , Frasson Sabrina Feksa , Wang Yong , Falsafi Seid Reza 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe ever‐increasing ranges of starch applications have been restricted by some of its inherent adverse characteristics like retrogradability, gel opacity, low resistibility to variations of pH, and elevated shear/temperatures. Starch modification through various physical, chemical, and enzymatic methods has been proposed as the most mature platform to tackle such drawbacks. Along with their outstanding potential in enhancing the starch's technofunctional characteristics, physicochemical modifications could remarkably customize starch nutritional/digestibility attributes. For instance, physical modifications could remarkably change starch digestibility by manipulating the granular architecture while chemical approaches change it by altering the chemical structure of starch molecules, making them unrecognizable to digestive enzymes. Such alterations could even be more challenging upon applying a combination of starch modifications. The changes in starch digestibility through its modification via single, double, and multiple modifications have been overviewed in this review.
Dysbiosis of intestinal microbiota and metabolism caused by acute patulin exposure in mice
Authors: Zhang Ting , Guo Zimeng , Che Jiayin , Yan Min , Liang Jingyimei , Wang Furong , Hu Jinhong , Song Wei , Yuan Yahong , Yue Tianli 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPatulin (PAT) is a common mycotoxin in moldy fruits that causes gastrointestinal injury if accidentally ingested. Some studies have reported the symptoms of intestinal injury caused by PAT. However, the effects of PAT on the gut microbiota and gut metabolism remain to be investigated, which is important for clarifying the toxicological mechanisms. Thus, C57/BL6J mice were gavaged once with 0, 1, 4, and 16 mg/kg body weight PAT, and the small intestinal and colonic contents were collected. The 16S rRNA sequencing and targeted and untargeted metabolomics were applied to assess the alterations in microbiota and metabolism, respectively. The results showed that Mycoplasma, Dubosiella, and Enterorhabdus were jointly affected by acute PAT exposure in the small intestinal and colonic contents. Some inflammation‐related bacteria, such as Mycoplasma in the small intestine and Mycoplasma, Alistipes, Eubacterium_coprostanoligenes_group, and Candidatus_saccharimona in the colon, increased with increasing doses of PAT. In metabolic results, amino acids decreased and bile acids elevated in both intestinal contents; lipids increased in the small intestinal contents but decreased in the colonic contents. PAT mainly affected host amino acid and lipid metabolism; it also downregulated microbial tryptophan metabolism and short‐chain fatty acid levels (mainly in the colon), which could be explained by the decrease of Bacteroides and Lactobacillus. These influences in microbial abundances and metabolic levels persisted after PAT and its products were cleared. These results fill a gap in the effects of PAT on the gut microbiota and provide a theoretical basis for elucidating the toxic mechanism of mycotoxins.
A descriptive review on exploiting the therapeutic significance of essential oils as a potential nutraceutical and food preservative
Authors: Jan Bisma , Choudhary Bharti , Malik Zoya , Dar Mohammad Imran 
Published: April 2024

AbstractFor centuries, essential oils (EOs) have held a significant place in traditional medicinal practices worldwide and are commonly known for their aroma and taste. Among the 3000 recognized types, only 300 have commercial use in the food and pharmaceutical sectors. These potent natural extracts, derived from aromatic plants and herbs, have garnered attention not only in ancient healing traditions but also within modern health‐care systems. Their rich history is marked by a diverse array of therapeutic properties that have made them indispensable tools for promoting health and well‐being. Additionally, the utilization of EOs as food preservatives is an innovative and natural approach in extending the shelf life of various food products. In addition, EOs are beneficial in the treatment of cancer and other diseases. Because of their outstanding biological activities and health benefits, research on EOs has exploded in recent years. In present work, an intensive review was done on published data on therapeutic potential of some major EOs and their utilization as a preservative in food industries. Meanwhile, an investigation of the methods specifically used for the separation of EOs and regulatory considerations are also reported. The article concludes with comments on future trends.
Graduate program collaborations to identify and cultivate graduate enrollment best practices
Authors: Ford Channing R. , Ingalsbe Kathryn , Hanvey Ashlee 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDetermining best practices for graduate enrollment requires continuous dedication by graduate enrollment personnel to identify innovative and relevant recruitment strategies to attract potential graduate applicants. The dynamic landscape of higher education creates further complexity as these best practices must also align with institutional expectations and the expectations of those overseeing graduate academic programs. To establish a robust enrollment strategy, it is crucial for graduate program officers and graduate enrollment personnel to establish a collaborative relationship that supports timely and ongoing dialogues to attract and retain quality admissions candidates. This manuscript explores how graduate enrollment personnel at a mid‐size regional institution collaborate with graduate program officers to achieve the enrollment goals of the institution and to support continued program growth.Practical Takeaways
Establishing collaborative relationships between graduate program officers and graduate enrollment personnel are essential to support program growth and the continuous evaluation of admissions criteria to promote holistic admissions.
Recognizing the diverse expectations of applicants and establishing a graduate enrollment framework that allows for individual program needs creates a supportive environment that encourages program growth.
The elimination of extraneous admissions requirements can support program growth without negatively impacting the quality of applicants.
Supporting graduate program officers throughout the graduate enrollment process is imperative to foster positive experiences for applicants throughout and following the admissions cycle.
“Translation, cultural adaptation, and validation of perinatal grief scale in Urdu: Addressing a gap in the research of perinatal loss in Pakistan–Cross‐sectional validation study”
Authors: Nisa Maryam , Laila Seema , Muzzamil Muhammad , Ghafoor Anum , Zakir Najma , Zulfiqar Tehzeeb , Malik Abid , Malikzai Abdullah 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsPerinatal grief have a significant influence on maternal mental health, hence appropriate tools for assessment are necessary. In this study, we translated and validated the Perinatal Grief Scale in Urdu (PGS‐Urdu) for use in Pakistan, therefore filling the gap in validated tools.MethodsData was collected from 165 women using consecutive sampling. Initially, “forward/backward” translation was used. For validity, content validity index and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used respectively, and “Cronbach's‐Alpha” for reliability. In the validity stage, items 8, 11, 23, and 32 of the original scale were eliminated based on feedback from the target groups and the expert panel. For data‐analysis, SPSS 26 and Amos 26 were used.ResultsIn analyzing the “Confirmatory factor analysis”, the “all‐fitness indicators” validated the three‐factor structure of 29‐item main scale. Cronbach alpha value was 0.83 for the entire scale The CFA results showed that all fitness indicators, with the exception of four, had loadings greater than 0.20, supporting the main scale's three‐factor structure. With a Cronbach's Alpha value of 0.83 for overall reliability, and varied from 0.81 to 0.87 for the PGS‐U variables. the PGS‐U exhibits an acceptable level of internal consistency.ConclusionThe PGS‐U identifies women in perinatal grief for medical and social care. This research supports using the Urdu perinatal grief scale in obstetrics and bereavement counseling to reduce maternal mental health issues.
Placenta accreta outcomes and risk factors in a referral hospital in north of Iran: A case control study
Authors: Sharami Seyedeh Hajar , Milani Forozan , Fallah Arzpeyma Sima , Fakour Fereshteh , Jafarzadeh Zahra , Haghparast Zahra , Sedighinejad Abbas , Attari Seyedeh Maryam 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundPlacenta accreta syndrome (PAS) may led to heavy blood loss and maternal death. Here we analyzed the main risk factors of PAS+ pregnancies and its complications in a referral hospital in the north of Iran.MethodsIn a case control study, all pregnant women with PAS referred to our department during 2016 till 2021 were enrolled and divided in two groups case (PAS+) and control (PAS−) based on preoperative imaging, intraoperative findings, and pathological reports. The sociodemographic features and neonatal‐maternal outcomes also were recorded.ResultsThe most frequent reason for cesarean (C/S) was repeated C/S (62.9%, 56/89). A significant difference showed up in the time lag between previous C/S and the present delivery (p < 0.001) which shows that when the time distance is longer, the risk of PAS rises (OR: 1.01 [95% CI: 1.003−1.017]). Also, a positive history of prior abortion and elective type of previous C/S were related to PAS+ pregnancies. Our other finding showed that PAS+ pregnancies will end in lower gestational age and have a longer duration of operation and hospitalization, heavy blood transfusion, and hysterectomy. Also, PAS+ pregnancies were not related to poor neonatal outcomes.ConclusionsIt seems that, in addition to repeated C/S as a strong risk factor, previous abortion is a forgotten key which leads to incomplete evacuation or damage the endometrial‐myometrial layers.
Evaluating the performance of selected military hospitals in Tehran in response to Covid‐19 pandemic: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Sharififar Simintaj , Moradi Maryam 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsThe rapid spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid‐19) led the need to admit a large number of infected people to hospitals in a short period of time, turning them into one of the most important responsive organizations. This study aims to evaluate the performance of selected military hospitals because they carried out a military operation in Tehran in response to the recent pandemic.MethodsThis is a descriptive‐analytical study. The statistical population of this study consisted of military hospitals responding to Covid‐19 pandemic in Tehran. A checklist to evaluate the performance of hospitals in response to Covid‐19 pandemic (six areas, 23 sub‐areas and 152 items) was used as a data collection tool in this study. This tool had six domains, including risk management and planning, coordination and communication, infection prevention and control, diagnosis and treatment, education and training, and resource management.ResultsThe overall performance of selected hospitals was 63%, which indicated a good performance. The domain of coordination and communication obtained the lowest score.ConclusionThe investigated hospitals had good performance because they had a desirable access to resources. Periodic self‐assessment and accreditation is recommended to improve the performance of these hospitals.
Radiation absorption effect on MHD natural convective flow past an impulsively started infinite vertical plate with chemical reaction and thermal radiation
Authors: Dowerah Richa Deb , Ahmed Nazibuddin , Deka Hiren 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe current work is interested on investigating the impacts of thermal radiation, chemical reaction, and absorption radiation of a hydromagnetic convection‐free mass and heat transfer flow in case of an electrically conducting fluid that passes through a vertical plate moving impulsively. The analytical solutions of the governing momentum, energy, and species concentration equations with the initial and boundary conditions are obtained by the Laplace transformation technique. Graphs for fluid characteristics are used to analyze the impact of changing parametric quantities such as M, N, Sc, Kc, Q, Gr, Gm, and t on the temperature, velocity, concentration, and Sherwood number. We derive the engineering curiosity expressions for the Nusselt number and stress, and at the end, we tabulate and discuss the consequences of new parameters. The magnetic field effect and the chemical reaction are seen to diminish the fluid velocity and concentration, respectively, but in contrast, the absorption radiation effect is seen to accelerate both velocity and temperature. It is closely studied that the Nusselt number and skin friction values for hydrogen consistently exceed those for carbon monoxide.
Soil water percolation and nutrient fluxes as a function of topographical, seasonal and soil texture variation in Central Amazonia, Brazil
Authors: Rodrigues Jardel Ramos , Solander Kurt C. , Cropper Stephen , Newman Brent D. , Collins Adam D. , Warren Jeffrey M. , Negron‐Juarez Robinson , Gimenez Bruno O. , Spanner Gustavo Carvalho , Menezes Valdiek da Silva , Ríos‐Villamizar Eduardo Antonio , de Oliveira Regison Costa , Ferreira Sávio José Filgueiras , Higuchi Niro 
Published: April 2024

AbstractUnderstanding soil water dynamics and transport of nutrients is challenging in tropical rainforests due to the uniqueness of several properties related to soils, vegetation and seasonality that make relating patterns found in temperate environments to tropical sites difficult. We address the need for better edaphic characterization in tropical environments by investigating soil water percolation rates and chemistry across topographic, soil texture and seasonal gradients in a mature tropical rainforest in Central Amazonia, Brazil. We utilized a passive wick flux meter (e.g., drainage lysimeter) to directly measure real‐time percolation fluxes at 60‐cm depth, and to sample a suite of chemical species across plateau, slope and valley topographic positions. We found percolation flux volume and chemical exports generally increase with decreasing elevation and clay content, which was lowest in the valley. Daily percolation flux was observed to be 2.39 ± 0.44 in plateau, 3.01 ± 0.50 in slope and 6.16 ± 0.83 mm in valley. Most solutes were present in small amounts of <1 mg L−1, such as PO₄3−, Fe2+/Fe3+ and Mn2+; however, NO3− concentrations were >20 mg L−1, even exceeding 100 mg L−1 in the valley. Based on additional isotopic analysis, we speculate high NO3− concentrations are partially an artefact of root decomposition following installation of the flux meters. The empirical relationships we show among percolation volume and nutrient exports under varying topographies and soil textures can improve Earth System Model performance by better constraining ecohydrological relationships to nutrient fluxes, which can in‐turn better illuminate the important factors that govern their behaviour.
The experimental study of mir‐99a‐5p negative regulation of TLR8 receptor mediated‐mediated innate immune response in rabbit knee cartilage injury
Authors: Zhang Jiebin , Zheng Ke , Wu Yichao , Zhang Shengting , Guo Ao , Sui Cong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundTraumatic cartilage injury is an important cause of osteoarthritis (OA) and limb disability, and toll‐like receptors (TLRs) mediated innate immune response has been confirmed to play a crucial role in cartilage injury. In the previous study, we found that the activation of TLR8 molecules in injured articular cartilage was more obvious than other TLRs by establishing an animal model of knee impact injury in rabbits, and the changes of TLR8 molecules could significantly affect the process of articular cartilage injury and repair.ObjectiveTo verify how mir‐99a‐5p regulates TLR8 receptor mediated innate immune response to treat traumatic cartilage injury.MethodsThe impact of a heavy object on the medial condyle of the rabbit's knee joint caused damage to the medial condylar cartilage. Through pathological and imaging analysis, it was demonstrated whether the establishment of an animal model of traumatic cartilage injury was successful. Establishing a cell model by virus transfection of chondrocytes to demonstrate the role of TLR8 in the innate immune response to impact cartilage injury. Through transcriptome sequencing, potential targets of TLR8, mir‐99a‐5p, were predicted, and basic experiments were conducted to demonstrate how they interact with innate immune responses to impact cartilage damage.ResultsTLR8 is a receptor protein of the immune system, which is widely expressed in immune cells. In our study, we found that TLR8 expression is localized in lysosomes and endosomes. Mir‐99a‐5p can negatively regulate TLR8 to activate PI3K‐AKT molecular pathway and aggravate cartilage damage. Inhibiting TLR8 expression can effectively reduce the incidence of articular cartilage damage.ConclusionBased on the results from this study, mir‐99a‐5p may be an effective molecular marker for predicting traumatic cartilage injury and targeting TLR8 is a novel and promising approach for the prevention or early treatment of cartilage damage.