bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stroke survivors’ health literacy is not associated with caregiver burden: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Hess Engström Andrea , Lindblom Sebastian , Flink Maria , Söderberg Susanna , von Koch Lena , Ytterberg Charlotte 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Caregivers to stroke survivors often experience a multifaceted strain defined as caregiver burden. Low health literacy among caregivers may contribute to increased caregiver burden but there is limited research specifically examining the association between stroke survivors’ health literacy and caregiver burden. Therefore, the aim here is to explore if there is an association between stroke survivors’ health literacy and caregiver burden one year after stroke. Participants were 50 caregivers and 50 stroke survivors who were followed up in a longitudinal study on care transitions after stroke. Data were collected one year after the stroke survivors’ discharge from hospital and analysed using ordinal logistic regression. Most of the caregivers, median age 71 years, reported being satisfied with their lives (85%) and a low caregiver burden (74%). Stroke survivors’ health literacy was not associated with caregiver burden. However, lower needs of assistance in daily activities, lower levels of depression, higher levels of participation and increased age in stroke survivors were associated with lower caregiver burden. In conclusion, stroke survivors’ health literacy was not associated with caregiver burden one year after stroke. Future studies with larger samples, focusing on populations with lower functioning after stroke and higher caregiver burden, are recommended.
Effect of rhGH treatment on lipidome and brown fat activity in prepuberal small for gestational age children: a pilot study
Authors: González Lorena , Gonzalez-Riano Carolina , Fernández-García Pablo , Cereijo Rubén , Valls Aina , Soria-Gondek Andrea , Real Nativitat , Requena Belén , Bel-Comos Joan , Corrales Patricia , Jiménez-Pavón David , Barbas Coral , Villarroya Francesc , Sánchez-Infantes David , Murillo Marta 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) therapy is the primary treatment for children born small for gestational age (SGA) who fail to show spontaneous catch-up growth by two or four years. While its effects on white adipose tissue are well-documented, this pilot study aimed to investigate its impact on the lipidome and the thermogenic and endocrine activities of brown adipose tissue (BAT) in SGA children following rhGH treatment. The study involved 11 SGA children divided into two groups: (a) SGA children who were not treated with rhGH (n = 4) and (b) SGA children who received rhGH treatment with Saizen® (n = 7). This second group of seven SGA children was followed for 12 months after initiating rhGH treatment. Interventions included 12-hour fasting blood extraction and infrared thermography at baseline and 3 and 12 months post-treatment. Five appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) children served as controls. Exclusion criteria included endocrinological, genetic, or chronic diseases. Untargeted lipidomics analysis was performed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), and serum biomarker levels were measured using ELISA assays. Serum lipidomic analysis revealed that free fatty acids (FFAs) increased to levels close to those of the AGA group after three months of rhGH administration, including polyunsaturated fatty acids, correlating with reduced leptin levels. Elevated levels of 1a,1b-dihomo-PGJ2 and adrenic acid suggested potential aging markers. rhGH treatment also significantly reduced meteorin-like (METRNL) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP1) serum levels to control levels. rhGH influences the serum lipidome, promoting changes in maturation and metabolism. Further research is required to clarify the direct effects of rhGH on specific lipid species and batokines, potentially addressing metabolic disturbances linked to obesity and aging.
Beyond the K-valley: exploring unique trion states in indirect band gap monolayer WSe2
Authors: Mørch Nielsen Carl Emil , Fischer Franz , Bester Gabriel 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We calculate the optical properties of monolayer WSe2 using ab initio many-body screened configuration interaction. For this indirect band gap material we describe additional species of negatively charged trions involving the Q-valley which are energetically more favorable than those formed at the K-valley. While the results are in excellent agreement with experimental data, they shed new light on observed but yet unaddressed optical features. The analysis of the many-body interactions reveals mechanisms behind increased singlet-triplet splitting and redshifted energies in these Q-valley trions, compared to K-valley trions.
Dynamics of agonist-evoked opioid receptor activation revealed by FRET- and BRET-based opioid receptor conformation sensors
Authors: Kirchhofer Sina B. , Kurz Claudia , Geier Lorenz , Krett Anna-Lena , Krasel Cornelius , Bünemann Moritz 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The opioid receptor family, particularly the µ opioid receptor, are the main drug targets in the management of severe pain. However, their pain-relieving effects are often accompanied by severe adverse effects, underlining the necessity for extensive research on this receptor family. Opioids, the agonists targeting these receptors, differ in their chemical structure and also in their mode of action in different aspects of signaling. Here we introduce novel tools that facilitate the analysis of this receptor family, by the development of FRET- and BRET-based receptor conformation sensors. With these sensors we were able to characterize especially the µ opioid receptor in more detail and reveal a strongly agonist-dependent activation kinetics for this receptor. Moreover, our sensors offer an assay independent from other signaling pathways, thereby minimizing the potential for interfering influences or biases within the system.
Unravelling the interplay of nitrogen nutrition and the Botrytis cinerea pectin lyase BcPNL1 in modulating Arabidopsis thaliana susceptibility
Authors: Davière Antoine , Voxeur Aline , Jolivet Sylvie , Lelas Luka , Vernhettes Samantha , Soulié Marie-Christine , Fagard Mathilde 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this study, we investigated the interplay between nitrogen nutrition and the pectin degradation dynamics during Arabidopsis and Botrytis interaction. Our findings revealed that infected detached leaves from nitrogen-sufficient plants released more pectin lyase (PNL)-derived oligogalacturonides compared to nitrogen-deficient ones. We then focused on BcPNL1, the most highly expressed Botrytis PNL upon infection. Using mutant strains lacking BcPNL1, we observed reduced pathogenicity, a delay in germination and a lag in triggering the plant defense response. Additionally, in nitrogen-sufficient detached leaves, the elevated expression of jasmonic acid repressor genes observed upon infection with the wild-type strain was abolished with the mutants. These results linked the increased production of BcPNL-derived products to the increased expression of jasmonic acid repressor genes, contributing partially to the higher susceptibility of nitrogen-sufficient detached leaves. These findings could lay the foundation for new strategies aimed at reconciling both crop resistance to pathogens and the improvement of nitrogen nutrition.
Di- and tri-valent metal complexes with tris-amide-functionalised 1,4,7-triazacyclononane chelators
Authors: O’Callaghan Charley , Greenacre Victoria K. , Reid Gillian 
Published: February 2025

Tris(amide) tacn ligands, 1 and 2, form a series of distorted octahedral N3O3-coordinated cations with divalent 3d ions and trivalent Ga(iii) and In(iii) ions; the Ga(iii) complex undergoes slow amide hydrolysis in MeOH at room temperature.
Liver transplantation in alcohol-induced acute-on-chronic liver failure without six months of abstinence
Authors: Rauchfuss Falk , Schwenk Laura , Reuken Philipp A. , Zipprich Alexander , Schwarz Sebastian , Bauer Michael , Stallmach Andreas , Settmacher Utz 
Published: February 2025

AbstractGlobally, many liver transplantation programs require adherence to a 6-month abstinence period in cases of alcohol-associated liver disease. Especially in cases of decompensation, such as acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF), the severity of the disease often makes it impossible to reach this interval, leading to increasing critical scrutiny of a fixed abstinence period. The prognostic relevance of the 6-month abstinence is also not firmly established.In the present study, we analyze all patients who were presented for liver transplantation at a German transplantation center due to acute-on-chronic liver failure caused by alcohol-associated liver disease.Retrospective analyses of patients with alcohol-associated liver disease who did not complete the 6-month abstinence period.Out of the 83 patients initially considered, 78 were included in the final analysis. The patients who underwent liver transplantation (n=16) had a significantly better 5-year survival rate (81.3% vs. 24.2%; p < 0.001). Especially in patients with ACLF and multiple organ dysfunctions (ACLF Grade 3), liver transplantation resulted in a significantly improved survival rate. Patients with an ACLF Grade 3 who were not transplanted died within the first six months after decompensation (92.5% mortality). All surviving transplant recipients continued abstaining from alcohol until the most recent evaluation point (average follow-up time 963 days).Patients experiencing acute-on-chronic liver failure from alcohol-related liver disease clearly benefit from liver transplantation, irrespective of whether they meet the 6-month abstinence criterion. This stipulated waiting period is increasingly debated in current discussions. Our findings emphasize that patients with ACLF, when not transplanted, face significant mortality risks. Such insights should be factored into tailored treatment decisions.
Is Conventional Horizontal Strabismus Surgery Still a Valid Option in High Myopia?
Authors: Maurer Lene , Palmowski-Wolfe Anja 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Background Surgical methods to join extraocular muscles are now often used to reduce the risk of scleral perforation in strabismus surgery, but published results indicate that the outcome is highly variable. We therefore wanted to assess whether conventional horizontal strabismus surgery is still a valid option in high myopia.
Patients and Methods A retrospective chart review of patients with high myopia, defined as a spherical equivalent of ≥ − 6.0 D in at least one eye, and who had undergone conventional horizontal strabismus surgery was performed. Exotropic angles were converted to positive angles to summarize the results.
Results 22 patients were analyzed (15 corrected for esotropia, 7 for exotropia). Prior to surgery, the mean angle of deviation, measured with the alternate prism cover test, was 33.9 prism diopters (PD; range 13 – 75 PD) at distance and 35.3 PD (range 8 – 75 PD) at near. Three months post-surgery, the overall mean dose effect (DE in PD/mm surgery) was 2.8 (standard deviation [SD] 0.5) at distance and 2.9 (SD 0.6) at near. In esotropia, the mean DE was 3.0 at both distance and near; in exotropia, the mean DE was 2.3 at distance and 2.5 at near. There were no major complications such as scleral perforations or retinal detachment.
Conclusion Our data show that conventional horizontal strabismus surgery in high myopia is feasible, is not linked to an increased risk of scleral perforation, and offers predictable results.
Impact of Coronavirus Disease-2019 on Influenza and Tdap Vaccination Rates in Pregnant Patients
Authors: Njagu Ravyn , Freedy Katherine , Brucker Amanda , Feng Kelvin , Lunn Siera , Greene Melissa , Swamy Geeta K. , Dotters-Katz Sarah 
Published: February 2025

Objective Influenza and tetanus toxoid reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis (Tdap) are safe and effective vaccines that are recommended in pregnancy. Despite this, significant vaccine hesitancy exists in pregnancy. However, impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on vaccine hesitancy is not well understood. Thus, we sought to describe impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on influenza and Tdap vaccination rates in pregnant patients.
Study Design Retrospective cohort study of patients delivering at single academic center from October 1, 2017 to August 31, 2021. Patients with missing vaccine data or delivering before 28 weeks (Tdap range) excluded. Patients delivering pre-COVID (October 1, 2017–August 31, 2019) compared with those delivering mid-COVID (October 1, 2020–August 31, 2021). Primary outcomes were vaccination rates for Tdap and influenza. Secondary outcome was rate of dual vaccination (receiving both) and variation by race/ethnicity. Chi-square tests and logistic regression were used to test for changes in vaccination rates.
Results Of 8,650 unique patient pregnancies, 5,925(68.5%) occurred pre-COVID. Median patient age (30 years) and gestational age at delivery (39 weeks) not clinically different between groups. Patients in mid-COVID group had lower numbers of government-assisted insurance (47.3%) and higher non-Hispanic Black compared with pre-COVID (31.5%). The rate of influenza vaccination decreased 8.2 percentage points from pre-COVID to mid-COVID (69.9 vs. 61.7%, p < 0.001). Tdap vaccination rates also decreased, although less-so (88.5 vs. 85.1%, p < 0.001). The rate of patients receiving both vaccines during pregnancy decreased from 66.0 to 58.4% (p < 0.001). Significant decreases in influenza vaccination rates mid-COVID versus pre-COVID was seen in all race–ethnicity groups except non-Hispanic White patients. For Tdap vaccinations, the effect of COVID on the odds of receiving Tdap did not differ across race–ethnicity groups.
Conclusion Rates of influenza, Tdap, and dual vaccination in pregnancy dropped significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic. For influenza, these were most pronounced in all race–ethnicities included with exception of non-Hispanic White. These data emphasize the importance of continued counseling and education on vaccinations in pregnancy and raise important questions regarding vaccine access and patient hesitancy during pandemic-mediated prenatal care.
Key Points
High prevalence of cough and common cold medication intoxications in
the Czech paediatric population
Authors: Konopásek Patrik , Kotíková Kateřina , Pecková Monika , David Jan 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThere has been much debate about the appropriateness of over-the-counter
(OTC) cough and common cold medications (CCM). The aim of this nationwide
study was to analyse the incidence of CCM intoxications in the Czech
paediatric population from 2014 to 2023.We performed a retrospective study on the incidence of CCM intoxications in
the Czech paediatric population (ages 0–18 years) from 2014 to 2023.There were 7,056 cases of CCM intoxication in children, of which 6,406
resulted from unintentional intoxication. No lethal doses were reported, but
there were 1,769 documented toxic doses. Unintentional CCM intoxications
represented 15.60% of all unintentional medication intoxication cases across
all ages and medication types. Of the 6,406 unintentional intoxication
cases, 5,465 (85.31%) were in children aged 0 to 6 years, including 1,564
(24.41%) in children aged 0 to 2 years. Children aged 0 to 6 years had a
significantly higher risk of CCM intoxication compared to those aged 7 to 18
years (RR 9.5, p<0.00001). The annual incidence of unintentional CCM
intoxication was 69.26 per 100,000 children aged 0 to 6 years and 7.29 per
100,000 children aged 7 to 18 years.Based on our data, we believe there is low awareness among parents and Czech
paediatricians regarding the potential risks of CCM and the lack of proven
efficacy of these medications.Our data may contribute to political discussions regarding the general
prohibition of CCM use in children younger than six years.
Non-Hermitian Skin Effect in Fragmented Hilbert Spaces of One-Dimensional Fermionic Lattices
Authors: Wang Yi-An , Li Linhu 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We discover that the interplay between Hilbert space fragmentation and multiple non-Hermitian pumping channels leads to distinct non-Hermitian skin effect (NHSE) in real and Fock spaces. Using an extended Hatano-Nelson model with next-nearest neighbor hopping and a strong interaction as an example, we find that two fermions loaded in the lattice exhibit different real-space NHSE depending on the Hilbert space fragments they belong to. Moreover, in the high-energy sector resulting from the fragmentation, the two-particle bound states form a one-dimensional lattice in Fock space, resulting in the Fock-space NHSE. At half-filling, while real-space NHSE is suppressed by many-body effects, richer patterns of Fock-space skin-like localization are found to emerge for different fragmented energy sectors and subsectors. This work extends our understanding of the interplay between NHSE and Hilbert space fragmentation and provides detailed insights into their manifestation in interacting non-Hermitian systems.
Elastic-plastic behavior of nickel-based single crystal superalloys with γ-γ′ phases based on molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Cao Jing-Zhao , Zhang Yun-Guang , Zhang Zhong-Kui , Fan Jiang-Peng , Dong Qi , Fang Ying-Ying 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this paper, the effects of temperature and Re content on the mechanical properties, dislocation morphology, and deformation mechanism of γ-γ′ phases nickel-based single crystal superalloys are investigated by using the molecular dynamics method through the model of γ-γ′ phases containing hole defect. The addition of Re makes the dislocation distribution tend towards the γ phase. The higher the Re content, the earlier the γ phase yields, while the γ' phase yields later. Dislocation bends under the combined action of the applied force and the resistance of the Re atoms to form a bend point. The Re atoms are located at the bend points and strengthen the alloy by fixing the dislocation and preventing it from cutting the γ′ phase. Dislocations nucleate first in the γ phase, causing the γ phase to deform plastically before the γ′ phase. As the strain increases, the dislocation length first remains unchanged, then increases rapidly, and finally fluctuates and changes. The dislocation lengths in the γ phase are larger than those in the γ′ phase at different temperatures. The dislocation length shows a decreasing tendency with the increase of the temperature. Temperature can affect movement of the dislocation, and superalloys have different plastic deformation mechanisms at low, medium and high temperatures.
ViTax: adaptive hierarchical viral taxonomy classification with a taxonomy belief tree on a foundation model
Authors: He YuShuang , Zhou Feng , Bai JiaXing , Gao YiChun , Huang Xiaobing , Wang Ying 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Viruses exert a profound influence on both human health and the global ecosystem, yet they remain largely unexplored. Precise taxonomic classification of viral sequences is essential for discovering novel viruses, elucidating their functions, and assessing their implications for public health and environmental monitoring. Traditional taxonomy methods based on genome references are limited by the vast number of unexplored viruses, rapid mutation rates, and high genetic diversity. Additionally, highly imbalanced species distribution and significant variances in inter-species genomic distances across taxonomic units pose challenges to classifier training. Conceptualizing genomic sequences as sentences in a natural language, large language models provide novel approaches for extracting intrinsic viral genome characteristics. In this study, we introduce ViTax, a virus taxonomy classification tool powered by HyenaDNA, a large language foundation model for long-range genomic sequences at single nucleotide resolution. ViTax integrates supervised prototypical contrastive learning to address the highly imbalanced distributions across various taxonomic clades and demonstrates superior performance to current leading methods in virus taxonomy, particularly significant for long sequences. Moreover, ViTax designs a belief mapping tree using the Lowest Common Ancestor algorithm to adaptively assign a sequence to the lowest taxonomy clade with confidence. For the open-set problem, where sequences belong to novel and unexplored genera, ViTax can adaptively assign them to a higher level of known taxonomy with outstanding performance. These capabilities make ViTax a robust tool for advancing the accuracy and reliability of viral taxonomy classification. The code is available at https://github.com/Ying-Lab/ViTax.
APNet, an explainable sparse deep learning model to discover differentially active drivers of severe COVID-19
Authors: Gavriilidis George I , Vasileiou Vasileios , Dimitsaki Stella , Karakatsoulis Georgios , Giannakakis Antonis , Pavlopoulos Georgios A , Psomopoulos Fotis 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Motivation
Computational analyses of bulk and single-cell omics provide translational insights into complex diseases, such as COVID-19, by revealing molecules, cellular phenotypes, and signalling patterns that contribute to unfavourable clinical outcomes. Current in silico approaches dovetail differential abundance, biostatistics, and machine learning, but often overlook non-linear proteomic dynamics, like post-translational modifications, and provide limited biological interpretability beyond feature ranking.

Results
We introduce APNet, a novel computational pipeline that combines differential activity analysis based on SJARACNe co-expression networks with PASNet, a biologically-informed sparse deep learning model, to perform explainable predictions for COVID-19 severity. The APNet driver-pathway network ingests SJARACNe co-regulation and classification weights to aid result interpretation and hypothesis generation. APNet outperforms alternative models in patient classification across three COVID-19 proteomic datasets, identifying predictive drivers and pathways, including some confirmed in single-cell omics and highlighting under-explored biomarker circuitries in COVID-19.

Availability and Implementation
APNet’s R, Python scripts and Cytoscape methodologies are available at https://github.com/BiodataAnalysisGroup/APNet.

Supplementary Information
Supplementary information can be accessed in Zenodo (10.5281/zenodo.14680520).