bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Tracheostomy Tube Placement and Late Change Practices in an Academic Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Daou Christophe Abi Zeid , Chahine Elsa Maria , Barazi Randa 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Introduction The optimal time for tracheostomy changes is unknown. Most surgeons opt to wait until five to seven days postoperatively, while more recent studies suggest that changes occurring as early as two to three days postoperatively are also safe.
Objective To evaluate the safety of changing the tracheostomy tube later than 14 days postoperatively.
Methods The charts of patients who underwent tracheostomy placement and change at a tertiary care center from 2015 to 2019 were retrospectively reviewed, and the subjects were divided into 2 cohorts (late and very late), depending on the time of the first tracheostomy change.
Results The study included 198 patients, 53 of whom aged between 0 and 18 years, and 145, aged > 18 years. The time until the first tracheostomy change was on average of 131.1 days. The most common indication for tracheostomy tube placement was prolonged intubation. Adverse events were observed in 30.8% of the cases (the most common being the formation of granulation tissue), a rate that does not differ much from the incidence reported in the literature (of 34% to 77%) when tracheostomy tubes are changed as early as 3 to 7 days postoperatively. There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between patients undergoing late and very late changes (p = 0.688), or between pediatric and adult subjects (p = 0.36). There were no significant correlations regarding the time of the first or second change and the incidence of complications (r = −0.014; p = 0.84 for the first change; and r = −0.57; p = 0.64 for the second change).
Conclusion The late first tracheostomy tube change was safe and could save resources and decrease the financial burden of frequent changes. It is always crucial to provide adequate information about home tracheostomy care for patients.
Overview of Tendinopathy, Peripheral Neuropathy, Aortic Aneurysm, and Hypoglycemia Caused by Fluoroquinolones
Authors: Balasubramanian Rajkapoor , Maideen Naina Mohamed Pakkir , Narayanaswamy Harikrishnan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background Fluoroquinolones (FQs) are widely used in the management of several bacterial infections including urinary tract infections (UTIs), upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs), lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs), skin and soft tissue, gastrointestinal tract infections (GITIs), and many other infections.
Objective This review article focuses on some serious side effects notified by United States Food and Drug Administration (US FDA) in different warning statements.
Methods The literature was searched, in databases such as Medline/PubMed/PMC, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Ebsco, Scopus, Web of science, Embase, and reference lists to identify publications relevant to the serious side effects associated with the use of FQs.
Results Several epidemiological studies and meta-analyses have documented the occurrence of serious side effects of FQs including tendinopathy, peripheral neuropathy, aortic aneurysm/dissection, hypoglycemia, QT prolongation, retinal detachment, and worsening of myasthenia gravis.
Conclusion The clinicians should be aware of serious side effects of FQs. The US FDA and European Medicines Agency recommend against the use of FQs as first-line therapies to treat infections such as acute sinusitis, acute bronchitis, and uncomplicated UTIs, as the risks outweigh the benefits. The risk of incidence of serious side effects of FQs is higher among patients with advanced age, renal insufficiency, and certain concomitant medications. To avoid occurrence of any serious side effects of FQs, the clinicians should prefer non-FQ antibacterial drugs to manage uncomplicated UTIs, respiratory tract infections, and other infections for which alternatives available.
Sublingual Nitroglycerine Spray Facilitates Efficient Submucosal Tunneling during Per Oral Endoscopic Myotomy—A Nonrandomized Trial
Authors: Sharma Kapil , Sharma Mamta , Rasheed Faisal , Wani Bilal , Goel Vasudha 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Introduction In the last one decade, per oral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) has been found to be an effective minimally invasive approach for the treatment of esophageal achalasia cardia and was lately shown to be noninferior to laparoscopic Heller's myotomy in a randomized controlled trial.Here we describe a new method of using sublingual nitroglycerine spray during submucosal tunneling to facilitate the procedure.
Materials and Methods This study includes a cohort of 50 patients who were diagnosed with achalasia cardia on high-resolution esophageal manometry. Out of the 50 patients, 27 patients were administered two metered doses of sublingual nitroglycerine spray during submucosal tunneling across the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ), and 23 patients were not administered nitroglycerine. This process was nonrandomized; patients were assigned sublingual nitroglycerine using alternating sequence enrollment number.
Results All the procedures were technically feasible and successful without any major complications. Eckhardt's scores of all patients normalized after the procedure. The mean submucosal tunneling time and mean time across GEJ were 36.8 ± 7.9, 14.2 ± 2.9 in intervention group (sublingual nitroglycerine), and 50.2 ± 8.9 and 23.0 ± 3.6 minutes in nonintervention group, respectively. Time for each procedure was significantly less (p < 0.05) in patients who were given sublingual nitroglycerine. Mucosal injury and bleeding during procedure were not significantly different in the two groups.
Conclusion This POEM technique with the use of sublingual nitroglycerine spray is simple and renders POEM easier and less time consuming.
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus-related Lung Disease
Authors: Bendstrup Elisabeth , Lynn Evelyn , Troldborg Anne 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSystemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a multifaceted, multisystem autoimmune disorder with diverse clinical expressions. While prevalence reports vary widely, pulmonary involvement accounts for significant morbidity and mortality in SLE. This comprehensive review explores the spectrum of pulmonary disease in SLE, including upper airway manifestations (e.g., laryngeal affection), lower airway conditions (e.g., bronchitis, bronchiolitis, bronchiectasis), parenchymal diseases (e.g., interstitial lung disease, acute lupus pneumonitis, diffuse alveolar hemorrhage), pleural diseases (e.g., serositis, shrinking lung syndrome), and vascular diseases (e.g., pulmonary arterial hypertension, pulmonary embolism, acute reversible hypoxemia syndrome). We discuss diagnostic modalities, treatment strategies, and prognosis for each pulmonary manifestation. With diagnostics remaining a challenge and with the absence of standardized treatment guidelines, we emphasize the need for evidence-based guidelines to optimize patient care and improve outcomes in this complex disease.
Approach to Pulmonary Nodules in Connective Tissue Disease
Authors: Gaffney Brian , Murphy David J. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe assessment of pulmonary nodules is a common and often challenging clinical scenario. This evaluation becomes even more complex in patients with connective tissue diseases (CTDs), as a range of disease-related factors must also be taken into account. These diseases are characterized by immune-mediated chronic inflammation, leading to tissue damage, collagen deposition, and subsequent organ dysfunction. A thorough examination of nodule features in these patients is required, incorporating anatomic and functional information, along with patient demographics, clinical factors, and disease-specific knowledge. This integrated approach is vital for effective risk stratification and precise diagnosis. This review article addresses specific CTD-related factors that should be taken into account when evaluating pulmonary nodules in this patient group.
Mapping the Anatomy of the Human Lymphatic System
Authors: Bustos Valeria P. , Wang Robin , Pardo Jaime , Boppana Avinash , Weber Griffin , Itkin Max , Singhal Dhruv 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background While substantial anatomical study has been pursued throughout the human body, anatomical study of the human lymphatic system remains in its infancy. For microsurgeons specializing in lymphatic surgery, a better command of lymphatic anatomy is needed to further our ability to offer surgical interventions with precision. In an effort to facilitate the dissemination and advancement of human lymphatic anatomy knowledge, our teams worked together to create a map. The aim of this paper is to present our experience in mapping the anatomy of the human lymphatic system.
Methods Three steps were followed to develop a modern map of the human lymphatic system: (1) identifying our source material, which was “Anatomy of the human lymphatic system,” published by Rouvière and Tobias (1938), (2) choosing a modern platform, the Miro Mind Map software, to integrate the source material, and (3) transitioning our modern platform into The Human BioMolecular Atlas Program (HuBMAP).
Results The map of lymphatic anatomy based on the Rouvière textbook contained over 900 data points. Specifically, the map contained 404 channels, pathways, or trunks and 309 lymph node groups. Additionally, lymphatic drainage from 165 distinct anatomical regions were identified and integrated into the map. The map is being integrated into HuBMAP by creating a standard data format called an Anatomical Structures, Cell Types, plus Biomarkers table for the lymphatic vasculature, which is currently in the process of construction.
Conclusion Through a collaborative effort, we have developed a unified and centralized source for lymphatic anatomy knowledge available to the entire scientific community. We believe this resource will ultimately advance our knowledge of human lymphatic anatomy while simultaneously highlighting gaps for future research. Advancements in lymphatic anatomy knowledge will be critical for lymphatic surgeons to further refine surgical indications and operative approaches.
Genome Sequencing for Cases Unsolved by Exome Sequencing: Identifying a Single-Exon Deletion in TBCK in a Case from 30 Years Ago
Authors: Jacob Maureen , Brugger Melanie , Andres Stephanie , Wagner Matias , Graf Elisabeth , Berutti Riccardo , Tilch Erik , Pavlov Martin , Mayerhanser Katharina , Hoefele Julia , Meitinger Thomas , Winkelmann Juliane , Brunet Theresa 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn patients with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), exome sequencing (ES), the diagnostic gold standard, reveals an underlying monogenic condition in only approximately 40% of cases. We report the case of a female patient with profound NDD who died 30 years ago at the age of 3 years and for whom genome sequencing (GS) now identified a single-exon deletion in TBCK previously missed by ExomeDepth, the copy number variation (CNV) detection algorithm in ES.Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was extracted from frozen muscle tissue of the index patient and the parents' blood. Genome data were analyzed for structural variants and single nucleotide variants (SUVs)/indels as part of the Bavarian Genomes consortium project.Biallelic variants in TBCK, which are linked to the autosomal recessive disorder TBCK syndrome, were detected in the affected individual: a novel frameshift variant and a deletion of exon 23, previously established as common but underrecognized pathogenic variant in individuals with TBCK syndrome. While in the foregoing ES analysis, calling algorithms for (SNVs)/indels were able to identify the frameshift variant, ExomeDepth failed to call the intragenic deletion.Our case illustrates the added value of GS for the detection of single-exon deletions for which calling from ES data remains challenging and confirms that the deletion of exon 23 in TBCK may be underdiagnosed in patients with NDDs. Furthermore, it shows the importance of “molecular or genetic autopsy” allowing genetic risk counseling for family members as well as the end of a diagnostic odyssey of 30 years.
Unusual Cause of Hemobilia
Authors: Rather Majid Khalil , Shah Nisar A. , Muzafar Mir Mohamad , Shah Asif Iqbal , Kadla Showkat Ahmad 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHemobilia is one of the rare causes of upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. Causes of hemobilia vary from benign lesions, malignant tumors, to vascular causes. Rupture of a hepatic artery aneurysm into common bile duct is rarely encountered in clinical practice, and sometimes can be very tricky to diagnose if the clinician is not aware of this cause of GI bleeding. We diagnosed a young female who has had a recent gallbladder surgery and presented with a massive upper GI bleeding. She was managed with coil embolization of the right hepatic artery.
Foreign policy strategies of Nepal between China and India: bandwagon or hedging
Authors: Johny Eby 
Published: March 2024

AbstractNepal, a landlocked country situated between two nuclear states, has found bandwagoning with either China or India to be an impractical option. In the current scenario, Nepal has opted for a trend of hedging with both neighbors while adhering to a non-alignment foreign policy. Nepal aims to seek economic and infrastructure development opportunities from Beijing through initiatives like the Belt and Road Initiative, which could help overcome geopolitical challenges. However, India is concerned about Nepal's growing relations with China, viewing it as a significant threat to India's interests in Nepal. Nepal remains committed to the principles of non-alignment in its foreign policy objectives. India perceives Nepal's current trend of hedging as a potential path toward future bandwagoning with China, given China's superior capabilities compared to India.
Old age is also a time for change: trends in news intermediary preferences among internet users in Canada and Spain
Authors: Rosales Andrea , Fernández-Ardèvol Mireia , Gómez-León Madelin , Jacobetty Pedro 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe social distancing imposed by the Covid-19 pandemic accelerated the digitalisation of societies, which also influenced habits related to the consumption and dissemination of news. In this context, older individuals are often blamed for contributing to disinformation, which is associated with the echo chambers fostered by social media. Mass media, social media and personal communication tools act as mass, social or personal intermediaries when it comes to keeping up to date with the news. This paper analyses the preferred intermediaries of older online adults (aged 60 and over) for following the news and how they change over time. We analysed two waves of an online survey-based longitudinal study conducted in Canada and Spain, before Covid-19 pandemic (2016/17), and during Covid-19 (in 2020). We found that most participants exclusively use mass intermediaries or combine mass with social and personal intermediaries to keep abreast of the news. However, only 28% of respondents inform themselves exclusively through the alleged echo chambers of social and personal intermediaries. Results also show that media ecologies evolve in different directions, and, despite the forced digitalisation driven by the pandemic, digital media usage did not always increase or evolve towards newer technologies. This paper contributes to understanding the diverse intermediaries used by older adults to obtain news and how such media ecologies can contribute to contrasting different sources of information beyond the alleged echo chambers of social media.
A diary study investigating the differential impacts of Instagram content on youths’ body image
Authors: Glaser Hannah C. , Jansma Sikke R. , Scholten Hanneke 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThrough social media like Instagram, users are constantly exposed to “perfect” lives and thin-ideal bodies. Research in this field has predominantly focused on the time youth spend on Instagram and the effects on their body image, oftentimes uncovering negative effects. Little research has been done on the root of the influence: the consumed content itself. Hence, this study aims to qualitatively uncover the types of content that trigger youths’ body image. Using a diary study, 28 youth (Mage = 21.86; 79% female) reported 140 influential body image Instagram posts over five days, uncovering trigger points and providing their motivations, emotions, and impacts on body image. Based on these posts, four content categories were distinguished: Thin Ideal, Body Positivity, Fitness, and Lifestyle. These different content types seemed to trigger different emotions regarding body image, and gender distinctions in content could be noticed. The study increased youths’ awareness of Instagram’s influence on their mood and body perception. The findings imply that the discussion about the effects of social media on body image should be nuanced, taking into account different types of content and users. Using this information, future interventions could focus on the conscious use of social media rather than merely limiting its use.
Del rollo como sustantivo comodín contracultural al rollo aproximador en el español
coloquial actual
Authors: Llopis Cardona Ana , Jansegers Marlies 
Published: March 2024

Abstracta
El presente estudio se centra en los cambios que ha experimentado rollo para comportarse como
sustantivo comodín y como marcador pragmático en la conversación coloquial de los últimos cincuenta años. Para explicar este
proceso, se ha recopilado un corpus de textos caracterizados por su coloquialidad y se ha procesado el análisis de los datos
mediante la metodología del Perfil Comportamental. Una vez detectadas las relaciones dinámicas cambiantes entre los significados,
se ha procedido a la explicación cualitativa de la ruta diacrónica de los significados abstractos teniendo en cuenta los factores
socioculturales que los motivaron. Los resultados revelan que rollo experimentó cambios semánticos relevantes en
el seno del movimiento sociocultural de la Contracultura de los años setenta. Su configuración como elemento vago en el sociolecto
juvenil posibilitó que a finales de los noventa se pragmaticalizara como aproximador, que resulta ser el uso más frecuente en el
lenguaje juvenil actual.
Gravitational waves with dark matter minispikes: Fourier-domain waveforms of eccentric intermediate-mass-ratio-inspirals
Authors: Yue Xiao-Jun , Cao Zhoujian 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
An intermediate mass black hole (IMBH) may have a dark matter (DM) minihalo around it and develop a spiky structure called DM minispike. Gravitational waves (GWs) can be produced if a stellar compact object, such as a black hole or neutron star, inspirals into the IMBH. This kind of systems are known as intermediate-mass-ratio-inspirals (IMRIs) and may be observed by space-based GW detectors including LISA, Taiji and Tianqin. In this paper, we lay the foundations for the construction of analytic expressions for Fourier-domain GWs produced by eccentric IMRIs with DM minispikes in a post-circular or small-eccentricity approximation (e < 0.4). We take the effect of dynamical friction from the DM as a perturbation, and decompose the dynamical equations into perturbed part and unperturbed part. The equations are solved in a series expansion form about zero initial eccentricity to eighth order. The time-dependent, ‘plus’ and ‘cross’ polarizations are expanded in Bessel functions, which are then self-consistently reexpanded in a power series about zero initial eccentricity. The stationary-phase approximation is then employed to obtain the explicit DM-modified analytic expressions for the Fourier transform of the post-circular expanded, time-domain signal. We exemplify this framework by considering a typical IMRI with a DM minispike and find the GW detectability strongly depends on the radial profile of the DM distribution. When the density of DM is large enough, the signal to noise ratio will be degraded significantly and a detection loss may occur if we use a template without the effect of DM to treat a signal including the DM effect. With the Fourier-domain gravitational waveforms we also estimate the accuracy of the measurement of the DM minispike parameters in our reference model. Our framework hold the promise to construct a ‘ready-to-use’ Fourier-domain waveforms for data analysis of eccentric IMRIs with DM minispikes.
Auger photoelectron coincidence spectroscopy of molecules adsorbed on a gold wire surface
Authors: Palaudoux J , Lablanquie P , Benbalagh R , Ismail I , Naitabdi A , Huart L , Cubaynes D , Nicolas C , Céolin D , Renault J -P , Hervé Du Penhoat M -A , Dupuy R , Penent F 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we present the results on Auger/photoelectron coincidence spectroscopy (APECS) of molecules—propanethiol and bovine serum albumin (BSA)-deposited on a gold wire surface, using a magnetic bottle electron time-of-flight spectrometer. Although this study is preliminary and conducted under low vacuum (∼10−7 mbar) conditions in comparison to surface science standards, it demonstrates the APECS methods high efficiency in probing complex molecules. We also establish its versatility and potential for easy extension to other various systems.
On the possibility of mixed axion/neutralino dark matter in specific SUSY DFSZ axion models
Authors: Yang Zhong-Jun , Feng Tai-Fu , Wu Xing-Gang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We introduce four supersymmetric (SUSY) axion models in which the strong CP problem and the μ problem are solved with the help of the Peccei–Quinn mechanism and the Kim-Nilles mechanism, respectively. The axion physics enriches the SUSY model by introducing axion as a dark matter candidate and, therefore, the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP) could just be a part of the total dark matter. For this reason, axion relieves the tensions between SUSY models and numerous experimental measurements, such as the dark matter direct detection experiments and the precise measurements of anomalous magnetic moment of the muon a

μ
. In the present paper, we investigate the constraints imposed by the latest a

μ
measurements and LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) experiment on the relic density of the Higgsino-like LSP. Additionally, we consider the constraints arising from the cosmology of saxions and axinos, and their impacts on the parameter space of our models are carefully examined. For the axion constituting the remaining portion of dark matter, we find that the conventional misalignment mechanism can successfully account for the correct dark matter relic density observed by the Planck satellite.
Discovery of magnesium-aluminum alloys by generative model and automatic differentiation approach
Authors: Cheng Shuwei , Li Zhelin , Zhang Hongfei , Yan Xiaohong , Chu Shibing 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Magnesium-aluminum alloy is one of the most common alloy materials in the industry, widely utilized due to its low density and excellent mechanical properties. However, investigating its properties or predicting new structures through experiment inevitably involves complex processes, which cost much time and money. Currently, simulations, such as density functional theory (DFT) and machine learning (ML) methods, are mainly employed for predicting new alloy materials. While precise, DFT incurs significant computational costs, which posing challenges for research. On the other hand, although ML methods are versatile and efficient, they demand high-quality datasets and may exhibit some degree of inaccuracy. To address these challenges, we employ a combination of generative model and automatic differentiation, reducing the search space and accelerating the screening of target materials. Finally, we use generative model to predict a multitude of magnesium-aluminum alloys. We perform structure optimization and property evaluation for ten potentially valuable intermetallic compounds. Ultimately, we identified Mg3Al3, Mg2Al6, Mg4Al12, Mg15Al, and Mg14Al2 as five stable structures, among which Mg4Al12, Mg15Al and Mg14Al2 may have higher potential application value.