bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Targeting cisplatin resistance in breast cancer using a combination of Thymoquinone and Silymarin: an in vitro and in vivo study
Authors: Hamed Reem Ali , Talib Wamidh H. 
Published: March 2024

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is considered the most diagnosed cancer among women globally. This is because of its high possibility of metastasis and high resistance to chemotherapy. Cisplatin is a platinum-based antitumor agent that is used to treat various types of cancer. However, the main obstacle to using this drug is drug resistance. Drug resistance is a cause of most relapses of cancer which eventually lead to death. Nowadays, combining natural products is a trend to overcome drug resistance. Thymoquinone (TQ) is a natural phytochemical that exists mainly in blackseed. It has been used in medicine for decades, especially as an anticancer agent. Silymarin is a milk thistle compound that exhibits anticancer, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective activity. Hence, the combination of TQ and silymarin could be a probable solution to treat cancer and reduce chemoresistance.
Methods: This study tested this combination on cisplatin-sensitive (EMT6/P) and cisplatin-resistant (EMT6/CPR) mouse mammary cell lines. Apoptotic and antiproliferative activity was assessed for TQ and silymarin in vitro using caspase-3 and [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide] (MTT) assays, respectively. An in vivo study was performed to evaluate the effect of TQ and silymarin combination in mice inoculated with EMT6/P and EMT6/CPR cells. The safety profile was also examined using creatinine and liver enzyme assays.
Results: In vitro, the TQ and silymarin combination synergized in both cell lines. Also, this combination caused apoptosis induction at a higher rate than the single treatment in both cell lines. In vivo, TQ and silymarin combination resulted in a remarkable reduction in tumor size and enhanced the cure rate in mice implanted with EMT6/P and EMT6/CPR cell lines. According to the safety profile results, TQ and silymarin combination was safe.
Conclusion: In conclusion, the combination of TQ and silymarin provides a promising solution in treating BC resistant to cisplatin by inducing apoptosis. Further studies are needed to define the exact anticancer mechanisms of this combination.
Reflective Clinical Judgment Questions to Educate the Next Generation of Nurses
Authors: Schooley Angela , Spoljoric Diane , Covington Karen , Garwood Janet , Klosinski Karen , Mordi Sweet 
Published: March 2024

Background:
The complexity of health care requires entry-level nurses to have competent clinical judgment skills. In response, a nursing program created Reflective Clinical Judgment Questions (RCJQ) to guide students in the development of clinical judgment.

Method:
The RCJQ incorporates the Clinical Judgment Measurement Model, the National Council of State Boards of Nursing's action questions, and the American Association of Colleges of Nursing's core competencies for professional nursing education. The RCJQ includes cognitive process questions and self-reflection questions aligned to the prelicensure subcompetencies to direct student thinking and build a routine for clinical decision making.

Results:
The RCJQ provides faculty with a framework to teach clinical judgment and incorporates self-reflective questions to guide decision making for safe and effective client care.

Conclusion:

The RCJQ streamlines the clinical judgment process and guides students to achieve essential outcomes in classroom, clinical, and simulation settings to prepare for clinical practice.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2024;63(3):182–185.]
A Paradigm Shift for the Nursing Education Model: A Scoping Review
Authors: Stanley Mary Jo , Hall Kathleen 
Published: March 2024

Background:
The Nursing Education Model (NEM) introduced a framework for education reform. This study examined the applications of NEM in education to determine whether modifications to NEM were warranted.

Method:
The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses for Scoping Reviews process for scoping reviews was used. Online databases and searches identified peer-reviewed articles published from 2010-to June 2023, and 71 articles were identified that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Results:
Six themes were derived from the findings: (1) learner-centered curricula; (2) instructional methods; (3) inclusive classrooms; (4) pedagogical creativity; (5) bridge theory-clinical divide; and (6) multiple units of analysis.

Conclusion:

The findings support the application of the NEM to promote a paradigm shift in instructional content, methods, and evaluation of outcomes. Based on use of the model identified in the literature, future modifications to NEM may be indicated, based on continued evidence.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2024;63(3):141–147.]
Turning Concern Into Confidence: Planetary Health Needs in Nursing Education
Authors: Cygan Heide , Garman Andrew N. , Basapur Santosh , Bejster Mallory 
Published: March 2024

Background:
Climate change is a recognized global threat to human health, and nurses must be prepared to mitigate its negative effects. This article describes nursing student and faculty opinions about climate change and associated planetary health curricular needs.

Method:
A survey including the Six Americas Super Short Survey and an adaptation of the Planetary Health Report Card was developed and emailed to nursing students and faculty.

Results:

Student (
n
= 72) and faculty (
n
= 56) responses showed that although they were concerned about climate change, they were not confident in preparation of nurses student to climate change and its impact. Students and faculty shared perceptions about specific curricular areas are to be included in curricula.

Conclusion:

In response to the updated Essentials, which include specific reference to climate change, widespread curricular change is imminent in nursing education. This study offers insight for integrating climate change and planetary health into nursing curricula.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2024;63(3):178–181.]
Morbidity among the tribal populations of West Bengal: A study based on data collected from the Mobile Medical Clinic
Authors: Mahapatra Biswajit , Mukherjee Nirmalya , Khatoon Sajda , Bhattacharya Paramita , John Denny 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Tribes are the most socially excluded group in the nation due to their restricted access to healthcare. There are little data on the real burden and distribution of illnesses among tribes. The present study determines the types and patterns of sickness among tribal populations in West Bengal.

Methods:
Five blocks from five districts in West Bengal were used for this cross-sectional study. Between the years 2018 and 2019, 52,189 patients visited these mobile medical clinics (MMCs), but only 36,128 were included in our study. Data were analyzed using the SPSS software (ver. 27.0).

Results:
Younger age groups (1-25 years) show higher primary registration compared to other age categories; older age groups (>60 years) show higher repeat registration. High prevalence in infectious diseases (44.5% of the total primary registration) and high repeated cases in NCDs (11.5% to 33.2%), which are nearly three times higher than primary cases (Cramer’s V test = 0.29; P = .001) are observed. Among the studied MMCs, Binpur II and Matiali MMC have more than two times the risk of gastrointestinal problems, while Madarihat MMC has more than one time the risk. Garbeta II MMC shows more than three times the risk of NCDs (adjusted odds ratio = 3.97; 95% confidence interval: 3.05-5.17) than the other diseases.

Conclusion:
The present study shows high prevalence of infectious diseases, injury and pain, NCDs, gastrointestinal problems, and vertigo in tribal populations of West Bengal.
Oral health-related quality of life among diabetic patients: A cross-sectional controlled study
Authors: Mubayrik Azizah F. Bin , Alhoqail Reem I. , Alhoqail Razan I. , Dous Razan A. B. 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Diabetes is a widespread chronic metabolic condition that has a significant negative influence on a person’s sociopsychological, physical, and economic well-being. This study was designed to (1) measure the impact of oral health on quality of life (QoL) using the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) in association with other factors (age, gender, years of diabetes, level of education, smoking, presence of other conditions, oral complaints, and glycemic control) and (2) validate the Arabic version of the OHIP-14.

Materials and Methods:
Diabetic and healthy participants completed a two-part survey including demographic characteristics OHIP-14 questionnaire.

Results:
The sample consisted of 121 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 146 healthy controls. Sociodemographic data, OHIP-14 questionnaires, and glycemic control data were collected. The data were statistically analyzed. The results showed that OHIP-14 was found to have sufficient reliability and validity in measuring life quality. Our study documented the effects of oral health complications on QoL among diabetics compared to controls. The type of diabetes had no effect on life quality. The highest OHIP-14 domain affected was functional limitation, while the lowest one was social handicap.

Conclusion:
It was concluded that diabetes has a negative effect on life quality. Diabetic patients have unsatisfactory oral health, which affects their QoL. The OHIP-14 is a reliable and valuable instrument to measure life quality.
Assessment of psychological distress and its associated factors among patients with cancer undergoing chemotherapy in rural Bangladesh
Authors: Roshid Md Marufur , Rahman Md Moshiur , Sarker Mohammad H. R. , Rahman Md Jiaur , Prihanto Junaidi B. , Alam Md Nazmul , Eity Kaniz F. , Masud Mehedee H. , Kakehashi Masayuki , Okamura Hitoshi 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Psychological distress may worsen during cancer treatment and affect well-being. Information on the prevalence of distress and its associated variables in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy in rural Bangladesh has not been thoroughly explored. To address this, we aimed to assess psychological distress and its associated factors in patients with cancer undergoing chemotherapy.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in rural Bangladesh. Only adult patients with cancer who were receiving chemotherapy were enrolled in this study. The validated Depression Anxiety Stress Scale was used to assess psychological distress. Frequency and percentages were used in descriptive analysis, and logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate potential associated factors for depression, anxiety, and stress.

Results:
Participants comprised 415 patients with a mean age of 46.3 years. The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress was 61.5%, 55.4%, and 22.0%, respectively. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, patients with more than five family members and smokeless tobacco users had a significant association with depression, anxiety, and stress. In contrast, participants aged >60 years had a protective association with depression.

Conclusions:
Our findings show that patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy experience a high prevalence of depression and anxiety and that the use of smokeless tobacco and having six or more family members are associated with psychological distress. These findings will aid health professionals and policymakers in establishing and implementing improved care programs to ensure the greater mental health of cancer survivors, particularly in resource-limited settings.
APRI as a predictor of severe dengue fever
Authors: Jayachandran Ajith K. , Nelson Vincy , Anisha K. 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
The AST/platelet ratio index (APRI) is a well-researched indicator of liver fibrosis. Some studies have shown that APRI can be used as a predictor of severe dengue, but the data is limited. As dengue epidemics are common in our country with limited healthcare resources, we believe APRI can help emergency physicians/primary physicians in predicting the severity of dengue and plan for the appropriate use of limited healthcare resources.

Objective:
1) To determine the utility of APRI as a predictor of severe dengue. 2) To determine the association of APRI with length of hospital stay and platelet requirement.

Materials and Methods:
A retrospective cross-sectional study was done on patients presented to the Emergency Medicine department at Travancore Medicity Medical College with a positive Dengue NS1 antigen or IgM antibody.

Results:
We found from the univariate analysis results that ALT > 74.5 IU/L has a sensitivity of 59.6 and a specificity of 76.3 (AUC: 0.696; 95% CI: 0.606–0.786), AST > 160.5 IU/L has a sensitivity of 42.3 and a specificity of 93.7 (AUC: 0.747; 95% CI: 0.665–0.829), and APRI > 3.2 has a sensitivity of 69.2 and a specificity of 84.2 (AUC: 0.806; 95% CI: 0.72–0.884) to predict severe dengue. Patients with an APRI of >3.2 required a mean hospital stay of 5.47 days (P = 0.005); 27 (81.8%) requiring platelet transfusion had an APRI of > 3.2 (P = 0.00).

Conclusion:
APRI is a straightforward index that can be easily derived from AST and platelet values. APRI values of >3.2 can predict severe dengue with a sensitivity of 69.2 and a specificity of 84.2. APRI values of >3.2 are also associated with the length of hospital stay and requirement of platelet transfusion.
A systematic literature review for evaluation of knowledge, attitude, and self-care practice regarding common eye diseases in the healthy general population
Authors: Alamri Abdulrahman , Alshahrani Atheer Saud Nasser , Alshabab Saud Qasem A , Alshehri Shatha Mohammed , Alasiri Raghad Yahya Saeed , Alshehri Shuruq Zafer A , Faya Hamad Khalid , Almousa Mohammed Saeed M , Ogran Mohammad Abdulrahman Hassan , Asiri Bandar Mohammed Mushabbab , Hammour Abdallah Alsayed , Alharthi Waad Saber 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Background and purpose:
Increasing people’s knowledge and then changing their attitude and practice with the aim of taking care of their eye health are very important. Considering the importance of the mentioned topic, the main goal of this study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practice about eye diseases in the general population of the world in the form of a systematic literature review.

Materials and Methods:
This study was a systematic literature review study, and to do it, a systematic search was conducted in internationally available databases including Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar in the time range of 1998 to 2023. Finally, considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study, the results of 18 articles were extracted.

Results:
The findings showed that in general, people’s level of knowledge about glaucoma was lower compared to other eye diseases, and the level of knowledge of men and women about eye diseases was different. In addition, the results showed that there was significant relationship between age and knowledge of various eye diseases. The results of all evaluated studies showed that people with higher education have more knowledge about eye diseases.

Conclusion:
Based on this, it can be concluded that as glaucoma is one of the most important causes of blindness worldwide, it is necessary to plan to increase the level of public knowledge to recognize the symptoms and complications of this disease. In addition to that, it is necessary to increase people’s advertisement by ophthalmology centers and eye specialists about the use of glasses and also to encourage people to visit the eye physician regularly.
Chronic diseases and illness in schools: Teachers’ confidence in helping students with intellectual disabilities
Authors: Alhammad Mohammed 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
With movement to educate students with intellectual disabilities in special and mainstream schools, a considerable number of students with intellectual disabilities have common chronic diseases such as epilepsy and diabetes. In addition, these students may also face common illnesses, which occur in all students, such as fevers and headaches. Teachers are responsible for their students and provide first aid when needed. Therefore, this study aimed to determine whether teachers are confident in their ability to provide help when symptoms related to chronic diseases and illnesses occur.

Methods:
In this cross-sectional study, questionnaires were sent to 300 male and female teachers of students with intellectual disabilities in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Results:
The findings illustrate that, in general, teachers have little confidence in helping students with chronic diseases and illnesses. Although the teachers felt that they were less confident in dealing with some symptoms of illnesses and chronic diseases, there were some symptoms that they showed either strong or low confidence in dealing with.

Conclusion:
The recommendations include increasing teachers’ confidence in providing first aid.
Pre-term labour: A study on evaluation of causes and outcome
Authors: Bhattacharjee Rumi S. , Shah Riya J. , Raithatha Nitin S. , Patel Mamta R. 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Despite recent advances in medicine, the incidence of pre-term birth is increasing globally. Approximately 70% of neonatal deaths, 36% of infant deaths, and 25–50% of cases of neurological impairment in children can be attributed to pre-term births. Identification of risk factors in women, supervised obstetric care during pregnancy, female empowerment, and patient education are strategies to minimize the burden of preterm deliveries.

Materials and Methods:
A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted over a 1-year period among 658 women in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pramukhswami Medical College, Anand, Gujarat. Detailed history, general, and obstetrical examinations were carried out. Maternal and foetal outcomes were noted. Statistical software STATA 14.2 was used for data analysis.

Results:
The incidence of pre-term birth in our study was 34.95%. The incidence of late pre-term, very term, and extremely pre-term was 28.42%, 4.71%, and 1.82%, respectively. Pre-mature rupture of the membrane was observed among 20.34% of patients with late pre-term labour. IUGR was identified in 9.52% and 15.94% of the very and late pre-term births, respectively. A statistically significant difference was found in the 1 minute and 5 minute Apgar scores between pre-term babies and term babies.

Conclusion:
Pre-maturity is a huge health and financial burden in rural and semi-urban central Gujarat. Pre-mature rupture of membranes, previous MTP, extreme physical activity, and maternal anaemia were the major risk factors linked with pre-term labour. Poor neonatal outcomes like LBW, IUGR, and a low Apgar score were significantly associated with the babies delivered pre-mature in our study.
Tobacco use and dependence among adults residing in an urbanized village, Delhi, India
Authors: Bhandari Yukti , Kishore Jugal , Yadav Abhilasha 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Tobacco use is one of the most significant public health concerns globally as it is a risk factor for chronic illnesses. GATS-2 concluded that 28.6% of all adults currently use Tobacco in India and 17.8% in Delhi. It is important to conduct such surveys in local areas to make specific and effective action plans.

Materials and Methods:
Community-based cross-sectional study conducted between January 2020–June 2021 in Aliganj, an urbanized village in South Delhi. Four hundred ninety participants were enrolled using simple random sampling. The first author conducted the interview using GATS and Fagerstrom nicotine dependence test. Data was analyzed using SPSS-21.

Results:
Median age-35 (26.75–75.00), range-15–84 years. Of the 490 participants, 20.0% were current tobacco users (10.6% smokeless, 7.3% smoked, and 2.2% both). Among current smokers, 78.3% had low, 17.4% moderate, and 4.3% had high dependence on nicotine dependence. Among current smokeless tobacco users, 52.4% had, low, 36.5% moderate, and 11.1% had high dependence. Males had significantly higher odds [6.6 (2.9-15.1)] of tobacco use than females. Higher education [0.3 (0.2-0.8)] compared to no formal education had significantly lower odds of using tobacco. Students [0.1 (0.04-0.4)] and homemakers [0.1 (0.01-0.5)] had significantly lower odds of using tobacco as compared to those employed.

Conclusions:
One in every five adults is a tobacco user in Aliganj. Manufactured cigarettes, bidi, and water pipes were the most common products among smokers. Among smokeless tobacco users, the most common products were chewing tobacco gutka, and khaini. A larger proportion of smokeless tobacco users had high nicotine dependence than smoked tobacco users.
Knowledge, attitudes, and practice about hepatitis B infection among primary health care nurses in Buraidah, Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alajlan Tasneem I. , Jahan Saulat 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Nurses are at increased risk of acquiring HB infection due to occupational exposure. To control this infection, basic knowledge and a positive attitude toward HB prevention are required. This study was conducted to assess knowledge, attitude, and practice of HB infection preventative measures among primary healthcare nurses in Buraidah, Saudi Arabia.

Materials and Methods:
A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted from February to March 2018. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to all nurses working in primary healthcare centers. Data were analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics.

Results:
Of the 335 eligible participants, 262 (78%) responded to the survey. Overall, 41.2% of participants had a moderate level of knowledge about HB; however, there was no significant difference in knowledge between males and females. The majority (94.7%) had positive attitudes toward HB. Male nurses displayed significantly more positive attitudes than female nurses (P = 0.0075). Most of the respondents practiced good compliance with universal precautions. The majority (85.5%) were vaccinated, of whom 72.3% were completely vaccinated. About 14.1% of nurses were exposed to high-risk HB conditions; of these, 40.5% immediately reported their injuries.

Conclusions:
The majority of participants had moderate knowledge and a positive attitude but still need more information about HB prevention. Improving knowledge, attitudes, and good practices regarding hepatitis B prevention will contribute to increased awareness among nurses, leading to improvement in healthcare services.