bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health Promotion for the Mind, Body, and Spirit: A college course for older adults with dementia
Authors: Fitzsimmons Suzanne , Buettner Linda L. 
Published: May 2006

This article describes a pilot study of an experimental college course for individuals with newly diagnosed dementia, with a focus on teaching methods for promoting and maintaining optimal health. Community involvement included recruitment by the local Alzheimer's Association chapter and an off-campus site at a local assisted living center with easy access for the students. Course topics covered over the 10-week period, included modules on: physical and cognitive fitness, nutrition, recreation, communication, understanding the disease process, depression, coping, relationships, and driving issues. Stress, depression, selfefficacy, and self-esteem were evaluated both prior to and after the 10-week course. Providing education early in the course of the disease, empowers the older adult student and provides an element of personal control and dignity. The course also attempts to prevent future problems by teaching new habits and lifestyles early in the disease process. Attempts to change habits and behavior later in the course of the disease often fail due to the difficulty of learning new behaviors.How do you feel when you are given a diagnosis by your physician for a disease that has no treatment to stop its progression? What do you do? Many people search for information on the Internet, ask friends, healthcare providers or others with the same diagnosis for advice, read articles, and attend workshops and conferences. When the diagnosis is Alzheimer's disease (AD) or another type of dementia, what does that person do? Where do they get information—especially since most services and education are aimed at the caregiver?
Differences in dementia services and settings across place type and regions
Authors: Weisman Gerald D. , Kovach Christine , Cashin Susan E. 
Published: May 2006

People with dementia have complex and unique social, environmental, and communication needs arising from impaired cognition. One response to dissatisfaction with the medical model of care in nursing homes has been the creation of more homelike and social options for care in the community. These options include community-based residential facilities and a variety of more independent senior dwellings. Staying in residential settings longer may be associated with benefits, including decreased financial burden and improved quality of life. However, with the boundaries between these place types often less than clearly drawn, it has become increasingly difficult to anticipate the specific services and environmental features provided by each. It is also difficult to effectively match facilities to the specific needs of older persons with dementia. Even social workers responsible for placements, especially in urban areas, may not be able to visit all local residential options. To better understand these new venues for dementia care, this study explored the range of services and settings available to people with dementia in three different place types in five Wisconsin counties: nursing homes, community-based residential facilities, and independent senior housing.
Lay person's recommendations about interventions for Alzheimer's disease: Correlates and relationship to help-seeking behavior
Authors: Werner Perla 
Published: May 2006

The aim of this study was to examine lay persons' beliefs about the helpfulness of interventions for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and its correlates. Interviews were conducted with 206 Jewish Israeli adults (mean age 59.7), using an experimental vignette methodology varying in the severity of the disease. Information regarding participants' recommendations about the helpfulness of 10 interventions for the person described in the vignette was elicited. Sociodemographic and psychological correlates were examined. We discovered that the lay public endorses the use of nonpharmacological treatments more than pharmacological ones. Engagement in social activities and participation in a support group were the treatment approaches most recommended, while the use of physical restraints and isolation were the least recommended. Beliefs about AD treatments were associated with helpseeking from professional sources. Advances in the development of effective treatments for AD should be accompanied by research into the public's understanding of these treatments.
Assessment of everyday behavior in Alzheimer's disease patients: Its significance for diagnostics and prediction of disease progression
Authors: Bläsi Stefan , Brubacher Dorothee , Zehnder Antoinette E. , Monsch Andreas U. , Berres Manfred , Spiegel René 
Published: May 2006

In addition to cognitive decline, current diagnostic criteria for Alzheimer's disease (AD) require evidence of impaired social and/or occupational functioning. The Nurses' Observation Scale for Geriatric Patients (NOSGER) is used to rate the frequency of disturbances in everyday behaviors and, although not specifically developed for this purpose, is often applied for diagnostic purposes. The NOSGER assesses six dimensions: Memory, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs), Self-Care (ADL), Mood, Social Behavior, and Disturbing Behavior. The goals of this study were 1) to establish normative data for the NOSGER as a function of demographic variables (i.e., age, years of education, and gender) in healthy elderly subjects; 2) to obtain cutoff values distinguishing healthy elderly subjects from probable AD patients with mild dementia; and 3) to describe the natural course of behavioral changes occurring in mild AD according to the NOSGER dimensions. NOSGER data of 445 normal controls [NCs, 376 men, 69 women; Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE) = 28.8 ± 1.17] and 217 probable AD patients with mild dementia (97 men, 120 women; MMSE = 26.1 ± 1.59) from the Memory Clinic of Basel, Switzerland, were analyzed. Cutoff scores for distinguishing between average NCs and mildly demented AD patients ranged between 7 and 9 for different NOSGER dimensions. Formulae to obtain demographically adjusted and z-transformed NOSGER dimension and MMSE scores for assessment of individual cases were determined. NCs were best distinguished from patients in the NOSGER dimension Mood, followed by Memory, ADLs, Social Behavior, and Disturbing Behavior. Linear courses of behavioral deterioration were found in four NOSGER dimensions (Memory, IADLs, Mood, and Social Behavior) in these mildly demented patients. No quadratic course was found for any of the NOSGER dimensions. The NOSGER revealed good discriminatory power in those behavioral dimensions affected in early stages of AD and is suitable for monitoring behavioral changes as a function of disease progression. Its use in combination with the MMSE for dementia screening purposes is recommended.
Disclosure of diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease in French genral practice
Authors: Cantegreil-Kallen Inge , Turbelin Clément , Olaya Emile , Blanchon Thierry , Moulin Florence , Rigaud Anne-Sophie , Flahault Antoine 
Published: May 2006

Most practitioners find disclosing the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) to an individual with dementia very difficult. Literature results show a wide variability in attitudes and clinical practice, and diagnosis seems to be more often disclosed to caregivers than to patients. The objective of this study was to examine whether and how diagnosis of AD is disclosed in French general practice and which issues are addressed with the patient. A questionnaire was sent via mail to 1,629 general practitioners (GPs), 1,105 belonging to the Sentinel's network and 524 specially recruited doctors practicing in the Rhône-Alpes region. A total of 631 questionnaires were returned (response rate, 39 percent), of which 616 were eligible for analysis. Twenty-eight percent of GPs reported having disclosed the diagnosis to the patient (25 percent mentioned “Alzheimer's disease”), whereas 88 percent considered it their role to announce the diagnosis to the patient. Regarding the type of information provided to the patient, only 25 percent discussed the nature of the illness, 23 percent behavioral problems, and 47 percent depression, mainly for psychological reasons (63 percent). Stress was discussed with 79 percent of the caregivers. We concluded that GPs do not discuss the consequences of AD and symptoms (e.g., behavioral disorders) with patients, mainly for psychological reasons, whereas they have a less-reluctant attitude toward caregivers. As the GP has the weighty task of providing appropriate community care and psychological support to the patient, it is of utmost importance to reflect on how disclosure of diagnosis can be facilitated.
Emotional reactions to predictive testing in Alzheimer's disease and other inherited dementias
Authors: Molinuevo José L. , Pintor Luis , Peri Josep Mª , Lleó Alberto , Oliva Rafael , Marcos Teodor , Blesa Rafael 
Published: May 2006

This work describes the reasons and emotional responses of healthy descendants after counseling for presenilin mutations in early-onset familial Alzheimer's disease (EOFAD), tau mutations in familial frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and prion mutations in fatal familial insomnia (FFI). A multidisciplinary protocol following Huntington's disease counseling guidelines and a post-test follow-up program were developed to counsel healthy descendants of affected families. The psychological consequences, anxiety levels, and depression status were assessed through validated scales before and after disclosing the information. Nine people from three different families, one with EOFAD, another with FTD, and the other with FFI came for counseling. Their main reason for testing was to initiate early treatment in the future. Disclosing the information decreased anxiety in two carriers, increased it temporarily in one, and had no effect in another. All noncarriers felt relieved. Overall, after a mean of 30 months of follow-up, no negative psychological reactions were observed. All participants positively valued the program. Although preliminary, our observations suggest that predictive testing in EOFAD, FTD, and FFI is safe and may be of benefit when performed with a delicate approach under strict pretest counseling protocols and post-test follow-up programs. The emotional reactions were similar, although the diseases, their phenotype, and mutation characteristics were different.
Platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β promotes early endothelial cell differentiation
Authors: Rolny Charlotte , Nilsson Ingrid , Magnusson Peetra , Armulik Annika , Jakobsson Lars , Wentzel Parri , Lindblom Per , Norlin Jenny , Betsholtz Christer , Heuchel Rainer , Welsh Michael , Claesson-Welsh Lena 
Published: May 2006

AbstractPlatelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB) has been assigned a critical role in vascular stability by promoting the recruitment of PDGF receptor-β–expressing perivascular cells. Here we present data indicating that early hematopoietic/endothelial (hemangio) precursors express PDGFR-β based on coexpression with CD31, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2, and CD41 in 2 models: mouse yolk sac (embryonic day 8 [E8]) and differentiating mouse embryonic stem cells (embryoid bodies). Expression of PDGFR-β on hemangioprecursor cells in the embryoid bodies gradually disappeared, and, at E14, expression appeared on perivascular cells. Activation of the PDGFR-β on the hemangioprecursors accelerated the differentiation of endothelial cells, whereas differentiation of the hematopoietic lineage was suppressed. In E9.5 yolk sacs derived from recombinant mice expressing kinase-active PDGFR-β with an aspartic acid to asparagine (D894N) replacement in the kinase activating loop and from mice with ubiquitous expression of PDGF-BB driven by the Rosa26 locus, the number of CD41-expressing early hematopoietic cells decreased by 36% and 34%, respectively, compared with staged wild-type littermates. Moreover, enhanced vascular remodeling was evident in the Rosa26–PDGF-BB yolk sacs. We conclude that PDGFR-β is expressed on early hemangioprecursor cells, regulating vascular/hematopoietic development.
Expression of eicosanoid receptors subtypes and eosinophilic inflammation: implication on chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Pérez-Novo Claudina Angela , Claeys Cindy , Van Cauwenberge Paul , Bachert Claus 
Published: May 2006

Abstract

Background
Eicosanoid receptors are G-protein-coupled receptors playing an important immunomodulatory role in airway diseases. However, there is little information on the expression of these receptors and their link with eosinophilic inflammation in paranasal sinus diseases. We aimed with this study to investigate the tissue expression of leukotrienes and prostaglandin E2 receptors in chronic rhinosinusitis patients and the link of this regulation with eosinophilic inflammation.

Methods
Samples were prepared from nasal tissue of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps (CRS, n = 11), with nasal polyps (CRS-NP, n = 13) and healthy subjects (Controls, n = 6). mRNA expression of CysLT1, CysLT2, BLT1, BLT2, E-prostanoid receptors (EP1, EP2, EP3, EP4) and sol-IL-5Rα was determined by real-time PCR. Concentrations of PGE2, LTC4/D4/E4, LTB4 and sol-IL-5Rα were determined by ELISA and of ECP by ImmunoCap. Protein expression and tissue localization of eicosanoid receptors and activated eosinophils were evaluated by immunohistochemistry.

Results
CysLT1 mRNA expression was significantly increased in CRS-NP compared to CRS and controls, and CRS compared to controls, whereas CysLT2 mRNA was enhanced in both CRS groups without differences between them. Levels of both receptors correlated to the number of activated eosinophils, sol-IL-5Rα, ECP and LTC4/D4/E4 concentrations in the disease groups. PGE2 protein concentrations and prostanoid receptors EP1 and EP3 were down-regulated in the CRS-NP tissue vs. CRS and controls, whereas EP2 and EP4 expression was enhanced in CRS and CRS-NP patients vs. controls. No differences in BLT receptors were observed between patients and controls.

Conclusion
CyLTs receptors are up-regulated in nasal polyp tissue and their expression correlate with eosinophilic inflammation supporting previous results. Eicosanoid receptors mRNA pattern observed suggests that down-regulation of EP1 and EP3 in CRS-NP and up-regulation EP2 and EP4 in CRS and CRS-NP groups may have some role in the development of the diseases and their regulation may not be directly linked to eosinophil activation but involve post-transcriptional events mainly related to other inflammatory cell sources.
Sol–Gel Process of Oxides Accompanied by Phase Separation
Authors: Nakanishi Kazuki 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
A versatile sol–gel method for fabricating porous oxide materials with well-defined co-continuous macropores has been reviewed. The chemical instability, in many cases induced by polymerization of the network-forming components, triggers the formation of biphasic morphologies, followed by an irreversible freezing of the transient morphology by the sol–gel transition of the gelling phase. Upon removal of the non-gelling phase, an oxide framework comprising of controlled macropores can be obtained. The mesopore system of such macroporous materials can be further modified either by a physico-chemical treatment or a supramolecular templating technique. Pure silica and siloxane-based organic–inorganic hybrids with a hierarchical pore system in monolithic form have been successfully applied to the novel type of separation medium for high performance liquid chromatography, HPLC. Additional topics are also described including recent advances in the 3D-analysis of the interfacial properties of macroporous systems, extended compositional variations in the network-forming phase, and emerging applications in areas of biochemistry.
Isomerism of Assembled Iron Complex Bridged by 1,2-Di(4-pyridyl)ethane and Its Solid-to-Solid Transformation Accompanied by a Change of Electronic State
Authors: Morita Takaki , Asada Yoritaka , Okuda Tsutomu , Nakashima Satoru 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
Three supramolecular isomers of an Fe–NCS complex and two isomers of an Fe–NCSe complex bridged by 1,2-di(4-pyridyl)ethane have been obtained. 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy revealed a drastic change in the QS value by changing the structure and by changing NCS to NCSe. Solid-to-solid transformation was observed, accompanied by a drastic change in the QS value.
Shuttlecock-Like Arrangement of a Tweezer-Type Cavitand in the Crystalline State
Authors: Yoshida Asako , Goto Kei , Kawashima Takayuki 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
A tweezer-type cavitand bearing highly coordinated hydrosilane units at the pincer moieties was synthesized and its crystal structure was elucidated. It was found that the cavitand molecules and the hexane molecules included in their cavities form a unique shuttlecock-like columnar arrangement in the crystalline state.
Catalytic Removal of Nitrogen Monoxide over Rare Earth Ion-Exchanged Zeolites in the Presence of Propene and Oxygen
Authors: Misono Makoto , Kondo Kouzou 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
Ce- and Pr-exchanged zeolites were active for the catalytic removal of nitrogen monoxide (1000 ppm) in the presence of propene (166–1000 ppm) and oxygen (2%).
Intramolecular Photoinduced Electron Transfer in Pyromellitimide-linked Porphyrins
Authors: Osuka Atsuhiro , Nakajma Satoshi , Maruyama Kazuhiro , Mataga Noboru , Asahi Tsuyoshi 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
Characteristic absorption of the anion radical of pyromellitimide around 715 nm was demonstrated to be particularly useful for studies on photoinduced electron transfer reactions. Charge recombination in pyromellitimide-linked porphyrin was greatly retarded in benzene due to the large energy gap and small reorganization energy. A long-lived charge separated state (τ = 2.5 μs) was formed in the case of a diporphyrin-porphyrin-pyromellitimide triad system.
Switching and Memory Phenomena of Cu–TCNQ Thin Films Triggered by a Stimulus with an STM Tip
Authors: Matsumoto Mutsuyoshi , Nishio Yoshitaka , Tachibana Hiroaki , Nakamura Takayoshi , Kawabata Yasujiro , Samura Hideo , Nagamura Toshihiko 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
Switching and memory phenomena were observed of Cu–TCNQ films, triggered by a stimulus with an STM tip. When a 1.5-volt stimulus was given to the film surface for 1 min, a convex image (120 nm in diameter) appeared in the STM image. This image, stable for at least 20 hours at room temperature, was deleted by a heat treatment.
Novel Conducting Copper Complexes Based on Thiophene-fused DCNQI
Authors: Kobayashi Keiji , Mazaki Yasuhiro , Kikuchi Koichi , Saito Kazuya , Ikemoto Isao , Hino Shojun 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
Novel copper complexes (DTQI)(CuI)2 and (DTQI)2Cu(H2O) were prepared by using a new acceptor DTQI, i.e., thiophene-fused DCNQI. The former was metallic down to 170 K with the room temperature conductivity of 45 S cm−1 (compaction).
Structural and Physical Properties of κ and θ-(BEDT-TSeF)2TaF6. Molecular Design Aimed Toward the Two-dimensional Metal
Authors: Kato Reizo , Kobayashi Akiko , Miyamoto Akihito , Kobayashi Hayao 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
Crystal structure analysis of cation radical salts κ-and θ-(BEDT-TSeF)2TaF6 indicates that BEDT-TSeF molecule has strong tendency to perform two-dimensional molecular packing. The k salt is metallic down to 4.2 K. Temperature dependent resistivity of the θ salt shows minimum at 70 K and the ratio ρ5 K/ρ70 K is ca. 30.
Oriented Intercalation of Myoglobin into Multilayered Films of Synthetic Bilayer Membranes
Authors: Hamachi Itaru , Honda Tatsuya , Noda Shunsaku , Kunitake Toyoki 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
Myoglobin (Mb) was intercalated in a specific orientation into a multilayered cast film of a phosphate bilayer membrane, whereas Mb intercalated in an ammonium multibilayer film was denatured.
A Remarkably Efficient Photochemical Methodology for Endo to Exo IsomerizatLon of Dials–Alder Cycloadducts
Authors: Pandey Bipin , Athawale Asawar A , Reddy Ravinder S , Dalvi Pramod V , Kumar Pradeep 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
Irradiation of a solution of ethanol containing Diels–Alder cycloadducts and 10–20% (by volume) triethylamine at 300 nm furnishes quantitative yield (&gt;90%) of corresponding exo isomers. A probable mechanism based on photo-induced electron transfer (PET) has been described.
Langmuir–Blodgett Films of Long Chain Derivatives of Carbazoledioxazines
Authors: Ikeda Masaaki , Kitahara Kiyoshi , Nishi Hisao , Nakahara Hiroo , Fukuda Kiyoshige 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
Long chain derivatives of carbazoledioxazines with a linear and an angular type structures were synthesized. Monolayers were spread on water surface from toluene solution and deposited onto solid supports. From pressure-area isotherms and thickness together with polarized visible and IR spectra of multilayers, the molecular orientations in the films were investigated.
Allylation of Acid Chlorides by Allyltributyltin in the Presence of Catalytic Amounts of Dibutyltin Dichloride
Authors: Yano Katsunori , Baba Akio , Matsuda Haruo 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
Redistribution of allyltributyltin and dibutyltin dichloride into allyldibutyltin chloride and tributyltin chloride is enhanced by coordinative compounds such as phosphine oxide and ammonium chloride. This redistribution is applied to the reaction of allyltributyltin and acid chlorides promoted by catalytic amounts of dibutyltin dichloride-tetraethylammonium chloride.
β-Cyclodextrin Bound Retrohydroxamate Ferrioxamines. Chiral Iron(lll) Coordination and Biological Activity of Synthetic Siderophores
Authors: Akiyama Masayasu , Katoh Akira , Kato Jun-ichi , Takahashi Keiko , Hattori Kenjiro 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
Two β-cyclodextrin bound synthetic siderophores that mimic linear and cyclic desferrioxamines are prepared. These synthetic siderophores form stable 1:1 iron(III) complexes with a Δ-selective coordination and show the growth promotion activity when tested with Aureobacterium flavescens.
Synthesis and Photolysis of N-(Phenoxycarbonyloxy)-2-thiopyridone Derivatives. A New Unimolecular Route to Quantitative Generation of Phenoxyl Radicals
Authors: Togo Yoshifumi , Nakamura Nobuo , Iwamura Hiizu 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
N-(Phenoxycarbonyloxy)-2-thiopyridone derivatives were prepared by the reaction of lithium phenoxides with phosgene followed by the reaction with 2-mercaptopyridine N-oxide and photolyzed to give quantitative yield of phenoxyl radicals.
Decomposition of Merocyanine Aggregates into Monomers in UV-Irradiated Spiropyran Solutions as Revealed in Anomalous Absorption Decay at the Merocyanine Monomer Band
Authors: Sato Hiroyasu , Shinohara Hisanori , Kobayashi Makoto , Kiyokawa Toshio 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
The aggregates which absorb near 700 nm, formed on the UV-irradiation of 6-nitro-1′,3′,3′-trimethylspiro[2H-1-benzopyran-2,2′-indoline] in some nonpolar solvents, were found to decompose into monomers, through the anomalous absorption decay at the merocyanine monomer band.
Reaction of Oxazoles with Nitrosobenzene. A Route to 1,2,4-Oxadiazolines
Authors: Suga Hiroyuki , Ibata Toshikazu 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
The reaction of substituted oxazoles with nitrosobenzene gave 2-phenyl-1,2,4-oxadiazolines in good yields through a ring opening of oxazole.
Novel Single Step Preparation of 1,3,5-Thiadiazin-4-ones from Carbon Oxide Sulfide and Dialkylcyanamides under High Pressure
Authors: Yasumoto Masahiko , Tsuchiya Tohru , Taguchi Yoichi , Shibuya Isao , Yonemoto Katsumi , Goto Midori 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
At 800 MPa, 130 °C carbon oxide sulfide condensed with dialkylcyanamide to afford 2,6-bis(dialkylamino)-1,3,5-thiadiazin-4-ones in good yields.