bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bacteriological Examination of Throat Tests from Children
Authors: KAIJSER KURT 
Published: January 2008

Summary.An investigation of the bacteriological diagnosis of throat tests made on 385 children aged from 1 month to 13 years who have been treated at the Crown Princess Louise's Children's Hospital (Kronprinsessan Lovisas Barnsjukhus) in Stockholm for acute infections of the upper air passage.In 155 cases of pneumococci of the defined species one could show that species VII, XIX, I, XIV and IX, in the order given, were most common. These five species comprised 52 % of all species.In children under 2 years of age, species XIV, XIX and XVIII were, in the order given, the most usual.
On the Relationship between Prothrombin Time and Haematocrit Value
Authors: MELIN GUNNEL 
Published: January 2008

Summary.By removal of plasma from oxalate blood, as well as addition of plasma to it in one and the same person, the author has produced a dilution series of blood corpuscles‐plasma, in other words, a series of blood tests with different haematocrit values. The prothrombin time has been determined on these samples by means of Fiechter's method. It has then been found that a comparatively slight prolongation of the prothrombin time at increasing haematocrit values has taken place in the blood of healthy individuals. When, on the other hand, the prothrombin content in the blood has for some reason or other been reduced, the prothrombin time at increasing haematocrit values has undergone a palpable prolongation. Therefore, when a deficiency in prothrombin is suspected, the haematocrit values of those concerned must be taken into consideration. This should especially be born in mind in comparisons between the prothrombin times of infants. When a possible prothrombin deficiency is suspected and no distinct prolongation of the prothrombin time has been determined at the ordinary examination a plasma dilution may give the information required.
The Stockholm Centre for Distribution of Mothers' Milk
Authors: NORDWALL ULF 
Published: January 2008

Summary.A short account of how the Stockholm Centre for the Distribution of Mothers' Milk is organised, and the methods used at the Centre for supervision and pasteurization of milk. Figures are given, showing the rapid development of the Centre during its existence of little more than four years, the quantity of milk collected, and how long mothers continue to deliver milk to the Centre. An attempt has also been made to divide the mothers who give milk into their social classes.
The Occurrence of Erythema Nodosum in Children with Primary Tuberculosis, treated with Sulfatiazol. Preliminary Report
Authors: ROLLOF SVEN‐IVAR 
Published: January 2008

Summary.In connection with investigation of the Erythema Nodosum material at the Norrtull Hospital in 1942–1944, the author gave sulfatiazol to children with primary tuberculosis, in order to ascertain under what conditions Erythema Nodosum can be provoked. Out of 33 tested cases of different age with primary tuberculosis of the lungs, Erythema Nodosum was provoked in twelve, 9 of which were quite recent processes. In all cases where the patients were still in the initial fever stage the provocation succeeded. The remaining three were cases of earlier primary tuberculosis with previous eruption of Erythema NodosumThe author arrives at the conclusion that Erythema Nodosum is latent in the subcutis and is provoked by the catalyzation effect of sulfatiazolThe author finally reports a preliminary result of the investigation of the entire Erythema Nodosum material, showing that practically all cases of that disease in connection with the sulfatiazol treatment of fevers in children occur in association with recent tuberculous infection.
On Shock in Premature Children.
Authors: ÅKERRÉN Y. 
Published: January 2008

Summary.The author discusses the conflicting opinions which, from the literature (e.g. Ylppö, Peiper), appear to prevail in respect of the cause of death in the premature, or in the debile who die immediately after birth or during the “new‐born period”. The hypothesis is advanced that the low condition which often precedes death for a longer or shorter period, is a state of shock. The clinical picture tallies well with that typical of shock. As, for various reasons, the special investigations usually made for the purpose of verifying the diagnosis of shock (e. g. examinations of the blood pressure and pulse, of changes in the erythrocyte concentration in the blood) cannot be employed in the case of the new‐born and the premature, the author has tried to find support for the shock hypothesis in the anatomical findings. In autopsies on the premature the most typical and constant finding is a strong macroscopic and microscopic hyperaemia in the liver, and, usually, extremely wide intra‐acinous capillaries. Other internal organs also exhibit at times, but by no means regularly, a certain, but generally not high degree of hyperaemia. Thus the anatomical findings appear to support the shock hypothesis. The physiological hemoconcentration which makes its appearance during the period immediately after birth in the full‐term newborn — as also in the premature — speaks in favour of there being a special disposition to shock during the “new‐born period”. A number of anatomical data from the literature can also be adduced to support the assumption of a functional inferiority or deficient development of the capillary system in the premature, likely to favour the appearance of shock. Finally, a short description is given of some therapeutic experiments with suprarenal cortex hormone in cases of lowered conditions in the premature. These experiments have exhibited promising results and will be continued.
Duodenal Atresia and Stenosis
Authors: Ehrenpreis Th. , Sandblom Ph. 
Published: January 2008

SummaryTwenty cases of intrinsic duodenal obstruction in the newborn operated upon at Kronprinsessan Lovisa's Children's Hospital since 1936 are reported. A brief survey of the pertinent literature is given. Clinical and roentgenological findings, treatment, and results of treatment are discussed on the basis of the series presented. The importance of pre‐ and postoperative treatment and especially of maintenance of the fluid and nutritional balance is stressed. Postoperative feeding through an indwelling trans‐anastomotic jejunal tube has proved a simple and efficient means of accomplishing this.RésuméAtrésie et Sténose du DuodénumOn fait rapport de 20 cas d'obstruction du duodénum intrinsèque chez le nouveau‐né, opérés B l'hôpital d'enfants Kronprinsessan Lovisas depuis 1936. On donne un exposé sommaire des écrits s'y rapportant. On y débat les constatations cliniques et radiologiques, les traitements et résultats de traitements en regard des séries présentées. On y souligne l'importance du traitement pré‐opératoire et post‐opéatoire, et spécialement du maintien de 1'équilibre liquide‐élément nutritif. L'alimentation post‐opératoire par un tube jéjunal transanastomotique intérieur a établi un moyen simple et efficace de nutrition.ZusammenfassungDuodenale Atresia und Stenosis20 Fälle innerer duodenaler Obstruktion bei neugeborenen Kindern, die im Kronprinzessin Lovisas Spital seit 1936 operiert wurden, werden dargestellt. Ein kurzer Überblick der Literatur wird gegeben. Auf Grund der vorliegenden Fälle werden klinische und röntgenologische Befunde, die Behandlung und die Ergebnisse der Behandlung diskutiert. Man hebt besonders die Wichtigkeit der vor‐ und nachoperativen Behandlung und die Aufrechterhaltung der Flüssigkeit und Nährungsbalanz hervor. Nach dem operativen Eingriff hat sich die Nahrungszufuhr durch eiiie im Jejunum gehaltene, transanastomotische Sonde als einfaches und wirksames Mittel zur Erreichung dieses Zweckes gezeigt.SumarioAtresia duodenal y eslenosisSe exponen 20 casos de obstrucción duodenal intrinsica en el recién nacido, operados en el hospital Kronprinsessan Lovisas a partir del año 1936. Se da un breve resumen de la litteratura al respecto. Las hallazgos clinicos y radiologicos, el tratamiento y sus resultados se discuten basados en las series presentadas. La importancia del tratamiento pre y postoperatorio, y especialmente la mantención del equilibrio nutritivo y de liquidos. La alimentación postoperatoria'a travez de un tubo transanastomotico yeyunal, ha resultado un medio simple e eficiente para cumplir con esto ultimo.
The Sedimentation Rate in Nursing Mothers
Authors: Karlström Fritz 
Published: January 2008

SummaryThe sedimentation rate of 168 healthy nursing mothers was taken 528 times during different phases of the nursing period. Immediately after delivery it was considerably elevated. Thereafter it sank rapidly during the first month, then more slowly, but did not reach the upper limit of the normal until after four months.During the second, third, and fourth months after delivery the sedimentation rate of the mothers of premature children is probably higher than that of the mothers of full‐term children.No definite difference has been established between the sedimentation rate in mothers who breast‐feed their children entirely and those who give them supplementary formula feedings.RésuméLa vitesse de sédimentation de 168 mères allaitant fut mesurée 528 fois, et au cours des différentes phases de la période d'allaitement. Immédiatement après l'accouchement, elle était considérablement élevée. Puis elle s'abaissa rapidement durant le premier mois, puis plus lentement, mais n'atteignait pas encore la limite supérieure de la normale après quatre mois. Durant les deuxième, troisième et quatrième mois après, 1'accouchement, la vitesse de sédimentation des mères d'enfants nés avant terme est probablement plus élevée que celle des mères d'enfants nés à terme.On n'a établi aucune différence entre la vitesse de sédimentation des mères nourrissant entièrement leurs enfants au sein et de celles qui font un allaitement mixte.ZusammenfassungBei 168 gesunden stillenden Müttern wurde die Blutsenkungsreaktion 528 mal gemacht in verschiedenen Phasen der Stillungszeit. Gleich nach der Geburt war die Senkungsgeschwindig keit erhöht. Danach war sie während des ersten Monats schnell, später langsamer, gesunken, aber erreichte die normalen Werte erst nach vier Monaten.Bei den Müttern von ← Frühgeburten → ist die Blutsenkungsgeschwindigkeit während des zweiten, dritten und vierten Monats wahrscheinlich höher als bei den Normalgeborenen. Kein deutlicher Unterschied in der Blutsenkungsgeschwindigkeit wurde festgestellt bei Müttern, die ihre Kinder ausschliesslich stillten, und bei solchen Müttern, die ausserdem Zukost gaben.SumarioSe efectuo la eritrosedimentación en 168 madres sanas en lactancia, 528 veces, durante las distintas fases del período de lactancia. Inmediatamente después del parto se encontró considerablemente elevada. Luego decendio rapidamente durante el primer mes, luego mas lentamente, pero no alcanzo el limete superior normal antes de haber transcurrido 4 meses.Durante el segundo, tercer y cuarto mes después del parto la eritrosedimentación de las madres con niños prematuros es probablemente mas alta que la de las madres con hijos nacidos a termino. Ninguna diferencia bien definida ha podido establecerse estre la eritrosedimentación de las madres que daban exclusivamente pecho a sus niños, y las madres que daban ademas a sus hijos una alimentación complementaria.
On the Copper Content in Mother's Milk Before and After Intravenous Copper Administration1
Authors: MUNCH‐PETERSEN SVEN 
Published: January 2008

Summary1) The copper content in mother's milk is on an average about 50 γ% which is essentially higher than that given for cow's milk.2) Investigations of the copper content in mother's milk before and after artificial increase of serum copper by intravenous administration of Ebesal show no changes in the copper concentration of the milk.Résumé1) La quantité de cuivre dans le lait de femme est en moyenne de 50 γ% environ, c'est à dire beaucoup plus élevée que celle indiquée pour le lait de vache.2) Des recherches sur la quantité de cuivre dans le lait de femme faites avant et après une augmentation artificielle du cuivre de sérum d'Ebesal par injection intraveineuse n'indique pas de changements de la concentration du cuivre dans le lait.Zusammenfassung1) Der Kupfergehalt in Muttermilch ist durchschnittlich etwa 50 γ%, das heisst wesentlich grösser als der von Kuhmilch.2) Untersuchungen über den Kupfergehalt in Muttermilch vor und nach künstlicher Erhöhung des Serumkupfers durch intravenöse Eingabe von Ebesal zeigen koine Änderungen der Kupferkonzentration der Milch.Resumen1) La cantidad de cobre en la leche de mujer es alrededor de 50 γ%, es decir, mucho mas elevada que la indicada en la leche de vaca.2) Las investigaciónes sobre la cantidad de cobre en la leche de mujer hechas antes y después de un aumento artificial del cobre en el suero por inyección endovenosa de Ebesal, no indican cambios de concentración del cobre en la leche.
Familial Occurrence of Necrosis Adiposa Neonatorum
Authors: JERSILD TOR BEN , PERDRUP AXEL 
Published: January 2008

SummaryA case of necrosis adiposa neonatorum is described.The maternal side of the patient's family shows an accumulation of similar cases, together with delayed delivery and high birth weights.RésuméOn décrit un cas de nécrose adipeuse des nouveau‐nés.Du côté maternel, la famille du sujet montre une accumulation de cas similaires avec délivrance retardée et poids élevéà la naissance.ZusammenfassungIn einem Fall von Necrosis adiposa neonatorum zeigt die Familie der Mutter eine Anhäufung ähnlicher Fälle, sowie auch Spätgeburten und hohe Geburtsgewichte.ResumenSe describe un caso de necrosis adiposa de los recién nacidos.Por parte de la madré, la familia del sujeto muestra una acumulación de casos similares, con alumbramiento retardado y peso elevado al nacer.
Lymphogranuloma Inguinale in Children Report of 2 cases
Authors: NYBERG L. O. , SONCK C. E. 
Published: January 2008

SummaryReport of two new cases of lymphogranuloma inguinale (lgrl. venereum) in young girls — 13 and 14 years old — with severe rectal strictures. These are the 8th and 9th cases of lymphogranuloma inguinale in children seen in Finland. Both children wore probably infected by their mothers, who were suffering from the same disease with rectal manifestations.
Malignant Tumours in Childhood1
Authors: VIDEBÆK AAGE 
Published: January 2008

SummaryThe incidence of malignant disease in childhood is about 1 — 2 cases per 10 000 children. About 4 % of all deaths among children over 1 year of age are due to malignant tumours.The lowest incidence of cancer for both sexes is in prebuberty, about the seventh year of age.Actual childhood tumours occur before this age and are predominantly sarcoma and mixed tumours which are interpreted as a separate group of a special pathogenesis thought to be independent of the hormonal level.The few carcinomas which occur in childhood are chiefly epitheliomas, whereas carcinoma of the alimentary tract is even more uncommon.Aage Videbæk: Les tumeurs malignes de l'enfance.L'incidence de la malignité pendant l'enfance est d'environ 1—2 cas pour 10 000 enfants. Environ 4 % des causes de mort chez les enfants au dessous de 1 an sont dues aux tumeurs malignes.La plus basse incidence du cancer dans les 2 sexes est à la prépuberté, sept ans environ.Les tumeurs réelles de l'enfance se présentent avant cet âge; ce sont surtout des sarcomes et des tumeurs mixtes qu'on interprète comme un groupe séparé par pathogénie spéciale que l'on pense être independante du niveau hormonal.Les quelques carcinomes qui se presentent pendant l'enfance sont principalement des épitheliomas tandis que le carcinome du tractus digestif est plus rare.Aage Videbæk: Die malignen Tumoren im Kindesalter.Die Häufigkeit der Malignität im Kindesalter ist etwa 1 — 2 Fälle pro 10 000. Ungefähr 4 % aller Todesfälle bei Kindern über 1 Jahr sind verursacht durch bösartige Tumoren.Das niedrigste Vorkommen von Malignität bei beiden Geschlechtern ist vor der Pubertät, um das 7. Lebensjahr.Echte Tumoren kommen vor diesem Alter vor und sind vorwiegend Sarkome, sowie Mischgeschwülste, die aufgefasst werden als eine spezielle Gruppe mit besonderer Pathogenese, von denen man annimmt, dass aie unabhängig vom Hormonspiegel sind.Die wenigen Carcinome, die in der Kindheit vorkommen, sind hauptsächlich Epitheliome. Carcinome des Verdauungstraktes sind besonders selten.Aage Videbæk: Los tumores malignas en la infancia.La frecuenoia de enfermedades malignas en la infancia es de 1 a 2 casos en 10 000 niños. Cerca del 4 % de muertes entre niños de mas de un año son debidos a tumores malignos.La menor frecuencia del cancer en ambos sexos ocurre durante la época antes de la pubertad, alrededor del septimo año.Los tumores actuales de la infancia se presentan antes de ésta edad, siendo la mayoria sarcomas y tumores mixtos que se interpretan como un grupo separado de patogenía especial independiente del nivel hormonal.De las pocas carcinomas que ocurren en la niños, la mayor parte son epiteliomas, sin embargo la carcinoma del aparato digestivo es menos comun.
The Frequency of Bronchial Asthma in Swedish School Children
Authors: KRAEPELIEN SVEN 
Published: January 2008

SummaryThe frequency of bronchial asthma in Swedish schools was investigated. The incidence in elementary schools during two school‐years with available official reports was 0.73 per cent. The number of children examined was 235,000 and 247,000 in the two groups. In the higher‐grade schools (number of pupils 87,000–138,000) the incidence during the last eight years varied between 0.39 and 0.58 per cent. These figures must be regarded as minimum values. A special study of the conditions in the elementary schools in Stockholm in the spring of 1953 (60,000 pupils) showed an incidence of 1.37 per cent.
The Specificity of the Middlebrook‐Dubos' Hemagglutination Reaction in Tuberculosis1
Authors: LAGERCRANTZ R. 
Published: January 2008

SummaryIn the Middlebrook‐Dubos' hemagglutination test substitution of human Group 0 Rh‐negative erythrocytes for sheep erythrocytes enhances the specificity of the reaction without significantly reducing its sensitivity. The hemolytic modification is more specific but less sensitive than the conventional hemagglutination test. Guinea pigs immunized with swimming‐pool bacteria (Mycobacterium balnei) or other acid‐fast rods apathogenic to the species, form antibodies as in tuberculosis. This is of interest concerning both the relation of these bacteria to M. tuberculosis and the specificity of the Middlebrook‐Dubos' reaction, and also for study of the pathogenesis of tuberculosis.
Antibodies to Tubercle Bacilli and Tuberculin Response after BCG Vaccination in Infants of Mothers with Tuberculosis
Authors: ROLLOF S. I. , LAGERCRANTZ R. , LIND J. 
Published: January 2008

SummaryThe antibody against the polysaccharide‐fraction of the tubercle bacillus, as measured by the Middlebrook‐Dubos hemagglutination reaction apparently does not pass the placenta. Accordingly, it cannot explain the considerably more retarded tuberculin allergy after BCG vaccination in infants of tuberculous niothers than in other children, as shown in large series.
Sur les nouvelles méthodes de traitement dites par hibernation et déconnexion en pédiatrie
Authors: CATHALA J. 
Published: January 2008

ResuméL'introduction dans la thkrapeutique des médicaments dits sympatholytiques, antihistaminiques, ganglioplkgiques, a apportié de grands résultats en chirurgie viscérale, en traumatologie, en neurochirurgie.Les résultats ont conduit à une doctrine dite d'hibernation et de déconnexion, qui a donné lieu dans ses principes et dans ses ré, à des critiques récentes.Se plaçant exclusivement sur le plan de la thérapeutique clinique, l'auteur qui se déětre physiologiste ou expérimentateur, met en garde contre le danger qu'il y a pour des médecins, et an particulier des pédiatres, à vouloir agir en physiologistes et de déconnexion, sans tenir compte des enseignements traditionnels.Il défend un oint de vue beaucoup plus modeste. Considérer des substances telles la chlorpromazine, comme des drogues qui ont des indications, nécessitant un certain doigté thérapeutique: armes nouvelles qui ne changent rien aux principes traditionnels de surveillance et de soins.On ne doit point faire de l'hibernation ou de la déconnexion. On soigne des malades avec des drogues dont on a appris le maniement; et on se garde d'un orgueil physiodynamique qui, à l'échelon de la pratique, est plein de danger, spécialement en une matiére où la doctrine est fortement contesée.
Hirschsprung's Disease (Congenital Aganglionic Megacolon) Report of 3 Cases in Infancy Associated with Acute Colitis
Authors: GOLDBLOOM ALTON , WIGLESWORTH F. W. 
Published: January 2008

SummaryThree cases of proven Hirschsprung's disease in infancy have been reported in which there was an associated acute ulcerative colitis of varying degree and in two of which death occurred due to peritonitis secondary to perforation of an ulcer. The third baby died in the early stages of an acute colitis but death was directly caused by massive hemorrhage from an acute duodenal ulcer. No adequate explanation for the development of the ulcerative colitis was forthcoming.Clinically the history and physical examination was atypical and misleading while the roentgen findings were complex or negative. It is, therefore, important to realize that the classical picture of Hirschsprung's disease, though based on a congenital lesion, is a product of time and that in this interval the diagnosis may be difficult.Lastly, attention is drawn to the possible lethal complications of Hirschsprung's disease and cognizance should be taken of this fact, particularly in the management of the disease in infancy. From the viewpoint of the pathologist, the postmortem finding of acute ulcerative colitis in an infant must suggest the possibility of aganglionic megacolon.
Geographical Pediatrics
Authors: HAAS J. H. DE 
Published: January 2008

SummaryThe comparison between pediatrics in East and West and in neighbouring countries is called geographical pediatrics, iqaccordance with the term Geographical Pathology. Difference in place is actually rather a difference in time.Inevitably the study of child life in the tropics is still based on Western principles. Medical thinking based on Western as well as on Eastern experience would be niore fruitful.Study of the present child drama in the tropics leads to a historical parallel with the West.Although the present condition of child life in Western countries is far from optimal, it seems to be an almost utopian situation compared with child suffering in the EastPlanned application of socio—medical knowledge may raise the state of health of the child in the tropics in the not too distant future.Only when child health in the tropics has reached the Western level will comparative pediatrics really be geographical.
Über eine akute Enteritis des Säuglings mit gleichzeitigen encephalitischen Erscheinungen (Encephalo‐enteritis acuta)
Authors: KELLER W. 
Published: January 2008

ZusammenfassungIm Rahmen einer Grippeepidemie wurde eine zeitlich begrenzte kleine Zahl von Erkrankungen bei durchweg äalteren Säuglingen beobachtet, die sich durch das ganz akute und fast gleichzeitige Auftreten von heftigen Durch‐fallen und schweren Symptomen von Seiten des Zentralnervensystems, teilweise verbunden mit leptomeningealen Blutungen und Hämatinerbrechen, auszeichneten. Die ausserordentlich alarmierenden Erscheinungen klangen in den meisten Fällen nach wenigen Tagen ab. In 2 Fällen kam es jedoch im soporösen Zustand unter liyperpyretischen Teniperaturen und schweren zentralen Atmungsstorungen zum Exitus. Die Sektion konnte nur in dem einen Falle ausgefiihrt werden und ergab neben einer ausgedelinten Enteritis eiu schmeres Hirnodem. Die Differentialdiagnose zu ahnliclien Krankheitsbildern besonders der Toxikose wird besprochen und der Syniptomenkomplex in der geschlossenen Form, wie er hier aufgetreten ist, als “Encephalo‐enteritis acuta” herausgestellt. Alle durchgeführten bakteriologischen und virulogisclien Untersuchungen verliefen negativ. Die aetiologischen und pathogenctischen Möglichkeiten werden kurz erortert.