bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New insights into the anticancer therapeutic potential of icaritin and its synthetic derivatives
Authors: Reyes‐Hernández Octavio Daniel , Figueroa‐González Gabriela , Quintas‐Granados Laura Itzel , Hernández‐Parra Hector , Peña‐Corona Sheila I. , Cortés Hernán , Kipchakbayeva Aliya , Mukazhanova Zhazira , Habtemariam Solomon , Leyva‐Gómez Gerardo , Büsselberg Dietrich , Sharifi‐Rad Javad 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIcaritin is a natural prenylated flavonoid derived from the Chinese herb Epimedium. The compound has shown antitumor effects in various cancers, especially hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Icaritin exerts its anticancer activity by modulating multiple signaling pathways, such as IL‐6/JAK/STAT3, ER‐α36, and NF‐κB, affecting the tumor microenvironment and immune system. Several clinical trials have evaluated the safety and efficacy of icaritin in advanced HCC patients with poor prognoses, who are unsuitable for conventional therapies. The results have demonstrated that icaritin can improve survival, delay progression, and produce clinical benefits in these patients, with a favorable safety profile and minimal adverse events. Moreover, icaritin can enhance the antitumor immune response by regulating the function and phenotype of various immune cells, such as CD8+ T cells, MDSCs, neutrophils, and macrophages. These findings suggest that icaritin is a promising candidate for immunotherapy in HCC and other cancers. However, further studies are needed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms and optimal dosing regimens of icaritin and its potential synergistic effects with other agents. Therefore, this comprehensive review of the scientific literature aims to summarize advances in the knowledge of icaritin in preclinical and clinical studies as well as the pharmacokinetic, metabolism, toxicity, and mechanisms action to recognize the main challenge, gaps, and opportunities to develop a medication that cancer patients can use. Thus, our main objective was to clarify the current state of icaritin for use as an anticancer drug.
Analytical and behavioral characterization of 1‐dodecanoyl‐LSD (1DD‐LSD)
Authors: Kavanagh Pierce V. , Westphal Folker , Pulver Benedikt , Elliott Simon P. , Stratford Alexander , Halberstadt Adam L. , Brandt Simon D. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract1‐Acetyl‐N,N‐diethyllysergamide (1A‐LSD, ALD‐52) was first synthesized in the 1950s and found to produce psychedelic effects similar to those of LSD. Evidence suggests that ALD‐52 serves as a prodrug in vivo and hydrolysis to LSD is likely responsible for its activity. Extension of the N1‐alkylcarbonyl chain gives rise to novel lysergamides, which spurred further investigations into their structure–activity relationships. At the same time, ALD‐52 and numerous homologues have emerged as recreational drugs (“research chemicals”) that are available from online vendors. In the present study, 1‐dodecanoyl‐LSD (1DD‐LSD), a novel N1‐acylated LSD derivative, was subjected to analytical characterization and was also tested in the mouse head‐twitch response (HTR) assay to assess whether it produces LSD‐like effects in vivo. When tested in C57BL/6J mice, 1DD‐LSD induced the HTR with a median effective dose (ED50) of 2.17 mg/kg, which was equivalent to 3.60 μmol/kg. Under similar experimental conditions, LSD has 27‐fold higher potency than 1DD‐LSD in the HTR assay. Previous work has shown that other homologues such as ALD‐52 and 1‐propanoyl‐LSD also have considerably higher potency than 1DD‐LSD in mice, which suggests that hydrolysis of the 1‐dodecanoyl moiety may be comparatively less efficient in vivo. Further investigations are warranted to determine whether the increased lipophilicity of 1DD‐LSD causes it to be sequestered in fat, thereby reducing its exposure to enzymatic hydrolysis in plasma and tissues. Further clinical studies are also required to assess its activity in humans and to test the prediction that it could potentially serve as a long‐acting prodrug for LSD.
Population distribution and drivers of habitat use for the Burrunan dolphins, Port Phillip Bay, Australia
Authors: Beddoe Jemima , Shimeta Jeff , Klaassen Marcel , Robb Kate 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBottlenose dolphin (Tursiops) populations, also described as the Burrunan dolphins, consist of a resident population of approximately 150 individuals in Port Phillip Bay (PPB), Victoria. Previous reports indicate distribution across a small southern region of PPB; however, little is known about their full distribution patterns across the entire PPB region. Here, we investigate the spatiotemporal distribution of the Burrunan dolphins across four zones representative of PPB benthic habitats and bathymetry to gain a better understanding of the potential drivers of the population's habitat use. Port Phillip Bay, Victoria, Australia. One hundred and twenty‐nine boat‐based surveys were undertaken between March 2015 and August 2021, encompassing 181 sightings. Generalised linear models (GLMs) were used to investigate annual, seasonal and zonal variation. We found no variation in sighting frequencies between years. Austral summer and winter had a significantly higher sighting frequency than autumn. We found that Burrunan dolphins utilise the entire bay, further extending the species range, and show a significantly higher number of sightings in the southern zone than in any other zones. Overlaying dolphin sightings with known oceanographic characteristics within PPB, we found bathymetry and benthic habitats were potential drivers for the Burrunan dolphins distribution and habitat use within the bay, with the dolphins significantly favouring the 5–10 and 10–15 m contour depths. These results show a more widespread distribution across the bay than previously documented. We recommend expansion of the current marine protected areas in the north and south of the bay. This study has increased our understanding of the vital habitat for the Burrunan dolphin populations. By providing evidence‐based conservation recommendations, we hope to improve and contribute to future research, conservation management plans and effective marine protected areas across PPB for the resident Burrunan dolphin population.
Managers of complex change? How United Nations treaty secretariats jointly govern institutional interplay in global environmental governance
Authors: Elsässer Joshua Philipp 
Published: April 2024

AbstractResearch on international bureaucracies, such as treaty secretariats, has predominantly focused on broadening our understanding of their role, function, and influence within their respective regulatory domains. However, the potential for treaty secretariats to manage situations of institutional overlap by coordinating with other agencies across policy areas has remained understudied. This article offers new empirical and theoretical insights for studying collective agency and coordination mechanisms in instances of institutional interaction within hybrid regime complexes. Specifically, it investigates how the treaty secretariats of the Rio Conventions under the United Nations employ joint interplay management as a means to improve institutional coherence within the climate change, biodiversity loss, and desertification nexus. Collectively, the public agencies aim to advance knowledge and discourse, influence norm‐building processes and regulation, or build capacity and support the joint implementation of policy objectives addressing the interlinked environmental problems. They do this by interacting with various actors across governance levels, including national governments, transnational initiatives, private actors, or civil society. By tracing the process linking joint activities with effects of such interactions, this qualitative case study makes a conceptual contribution by extrapolating a mechanistic theory for joint interplay management. The article demonstrates that treaty secretariats have to contend with challenges of resource allocation, diverging mandates, leadership priorities, and the degree of politicization and timing which frequently intervene stages of strategizing and executing joint activities. The results highlight that joint interplay management can be most impactful when secretariats employ orchestration practices through joint outreach and advocacy to advance coherent institutional responses to interdependent environmental problems.
Groundwater‐surface water interaction, dissolved organic carbon oxidation and dissolution in carbonate aquifers
Authors: Oberhelman Andrew , Martin Jonathan B. , Flint Madison K. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe high primary porosity and permeability of eogenetic karst aquifers permit water recharged through secondary dissolution features to be temporarily stored in aquifer matrix porosity. The recharged water contains elevated dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations that, when oxidized, enhance limestone dissolution and impact carbon cycling. We evaluate the relationship between DOC oxidation and limestone dissolution using observations at a stream sink‐rise system and reversing spring in the Floridan aquifer, north‐central Florida, USA, where subsurface residence times of recharged water are days and months, respectively. We estimate water chemical compositions during surface water‐groundwater interactions at these two systems with mixing models of surface water and groundwater compositions and compare them with measured DOC, dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), Ca2+ and dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) concentrations. Differences between measured and modelled concentrations represent net changes that can be attributed to calcite dissolution and redox reactions, including DOC oxidation. DOC losses and Ca2+ gains exhibit significant (p < 0.01) inverse linear correlations at both the reversing spring (slope = −0.9, r2 = 0.99) and the sink‐rise system (slope = −0.4, r2 = 0.72). DOC oxidation in both systems was associated with decreases in the molar C:N ratio (DOC:DON). Significant (p < 0.01) positive linear correlations between increases in Ca2+ and DIC concentrations after correcting for DIC derived from calcite dissolution occurred at both the reversing spring (slope = 1.3, r2 = 0.99) and the sink‐rise system (slope = 1.61, r2 = 0.75). Greater deviations from the expected slope of −1 or +1 at the sink‐rise system than at the reversing spring indicate DOC oxidation contributes less dissolution at the sink‐rise system than at the reversing spring, likely from shorter storage in the subsurface. A portion of the deviation from expected slope values can be explained by the dissolution of Mg‐rich carbonate or dolomite rather than pure calcite dissolution. Despite this, slope values reflect kinetic effects controlling incomplete consumption of carbonic acid during dissolution reactions.
An infinite hidden Markov model with stochastic volatility
Authors: Li Chenxing , Maheu John M. , Yang Qiao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis paper extends the Bayesian semiparametric stochastic volatility (SV‐DPM) model. Instead of using a Dirichlet process mixture (DPM) to model return innovations, we use an infinite hidden Markov model (IHMM). This allows for time variation in the return density beyond that attributed to parametric latent volatility. The new model nests several special cases as well as the SV‐DPM. We also discuss posterior and predictive density simulation methods for the model. Applied to equity returns, foreign exchange rates, oil price growth and industrial production growth, the new model improves density forecasts, compared with the SV‐DPM, a stochastic volatility with Student's
innovations and other fat‐tailed volatility models.
Detrital zircon U–Pb geochronology and geochemistry of sandstones in the Siziwang Banner, Central Inner Mongolia: Implication for tectonic evolution
Authors: Gao Jinhui , Li Weimin , Liu Yongjiang , Wen Quanbo , Liu Tongjun , Zhao Junfeng , Zhao Yingli , Zheng Shigang , Chen Tao 
Published: April 2024

The central Inner Mongolia, located at the intersection of the northern margin of the North China Craton (NCC) and the Central Asian Orogenic Belt, is crucial for deciphering the Late Palaeozoic tectonic evolution associated with the subduction and closure of the Palaeo‐Asian Ocean (PAO). Our study focused on petrology, detrital zircon LA–ICP–MS U–Pb geochronology and whole‐rock geochemistry for the Late Carboniferous to Permian sandstones within the Shuanmazhuang, Dahongshan, Naobaogou, and Laowopu formations in Siziwang Banner, central Inner Mongolia. This comprehensive analysis shed light on the dynamic interplay between the NCC and the South Mongolia Block. Detrital zircon U–Pb ages in investigated samples mainly cluster between 250 and 2650 Ma, with significant peaks at 2.4–2.5 Ga, 1.8–2.0 Ga, 400–430 Ma, and 250–320 Ma, respectively. The geochemistry data are characterized by SiO2 contents (56.29–77.95 wt. %), Na2O / K2O ratios (0.45–1.58) and SiO2/Al2O3 ratios between 4.33 and 7.44. Moreover, they exhibit the slight enrichment in large ion lithophile elements (Rb and Ba) and the depletion in high field strength elements (Nb, Ta, Th, and U). These facts indicate that the sedimentary detritus predominantly originates from felsic sources, probably deriving from the Late Carboniferous–Permian continental island arc‐related intermediate‐acid igneous rocks, the Late Ordovician‐Silurian magmatic rocks in the Bainaimiao arc and the basements of the NCC. Furthermore, our present results also suggest that during the Early–Middle Permian, accelerating oceanic crust subduction triggered significant magmatic events in Siziwang Banner, leading to rapid uplift and the erosion of arc magmatic rocks, as well as the abundant corresponding sediments. Subsequently, the gradual convergence and eventual collision between the NCC and the Southern Mongolian Block took place at the end of the Permian, representing final closure of the PAO.
Adapting and translating the ‘Hep B Story’ App the right way: A transferable toolkit to develop health resources with, and for, Aboriginal people
Authors: Binks Paula , Ross Cheryl , Gurruwiwi George Garambaka , Wurrawilya Shiraline , Alley Tiana , Bukulatjpi Sarah Mariyalawuy , Vintour‐Cesar Emily , Hosking Kelly , Davis Joshua S. , Hefler Marita , Davies Jane ,   The Hep B PAST Partnership Group
Published: April 2024

AbstractIssue AddressedIn 2014 the ‘Hep B Story App’, the first hepatitis B educational app in an Aboriginal language was released. Subsequently, in 2018, it was assessed and adapted before translation into an additional 10 Aboriginal languages. The translation process developed iteratively into a model that may be applied when creating any health resource in Aboriginal languages.MethodsThe adaptation and translation of the ‘Hep B Story’ followed a tailored participatory action research (PAR) process involving crucial steps such as extensive community consultation, adaptation of the original material, forward and back translation of the script, content accuracy verification, voiceover recording, and thorough review before the publication of the new version.ResultsIterative PAR cycles shaped the translation process, leading to a refined model applicable to creating health resources in any Aboriginal language. The community‐wide consultation yielded widespread chronic hepatitis B education, prompting participants to share the story within their families, advocating for hepatitis B check‐ups. The project offered numerous insights and lessons, such as the significance of allocating sufficient time and resources to undertake the process. Additionally, it highlighted the importance of implementing flexible work arrangements and eliminating barriers to work for the translators.ConclusionsThrough our extensive work across the Northern Territory, we produced an educational tool for Aboriginal people in their preferred languages and developed a translation model to create resources for different cultural and linguistic groups.So What?This translation model provides a rigorous, transferable method for creating accurate health resources for culturally and linguistically diverse populations.
Quality evaluation of nutrition policies in early childhood education and care services in Nerang, QLD
Authors: Kirkegaard Amy , Anderson Nicole , Irwin Chris , Vincze Lisa 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIssue AddressedFood environments in early childhood, such as early childhood education and care services, influence the development of dietary patterns and behaviours that traverse into adulthood, where they affect health and longevity. Nutrition policies are mandatory in early childhood education and care services in Australia and can positively or negatively shape the food environment. However, the quality of such nutrition policies is unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the comprehensiveness and strength of nutrition policies of early childhood education and care services among services participating in a university‐community alliance in South East Queensland.MethodsEarly childhood education and care services (n = 12) in Nerang, Queensland, Australia, participated in a cross‐sectional study evaluating the comprehensiveness and strength of nutrition policies across four domains (Nutrition Education, Nutrition Standards, Promoting Healthy Eating and Communication and Evaluation) of the Wellness in Child Care Assessment Tool.ResultsNutrition policies evaluated in this study had median total comprehensiveness scores of 55 (out of 100) and median total strength scores of 19 (out of 100). ‘Nutrition Education’ had the highest median scores for comprehensiveness (67 out of 100) and strength (33 out of 100), while ‘Nutrition Standards’ had the lowest comprehensiveness score (41 out of 100), and ‘Communication and Evaluation’ had the lowest strength score (0 out of 100).ConclusionsAll services have a nutrition policy, but there are opportunities to enhance both the content and linguistic strength of statements within policies related to nutrition domains.So What?There is a clear need to improve the comprehensiveness and strength of written statements in nutrition policies across all four domains, particularly ‘Nutrition Standards’ and ‘Communication and Evaluation’.
Differences in characteristics between first‐ever foot ulcer and recurrent foot ulcer in patients with diabetes: Prospective observational study
Authors: Oe Makoto , Saad Supriadi Syafiie , Jais Suriadi , Sugama Junko 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsMore effective preventive care can potentially be provided if the characteristics of both the first ever and the recurrent foot ulcers can be clarified. The purpose of this study was to characterize first ever and recurrent foot ulcers in diabetic patients.MethodsThis study was conducted as a secondary analysis of a prospective study that was entitled: “Factors associated with the discontinuation of wound care specialist clinic visits in patients with diabetic foot ulcers.” In 73 diabetes‐related foot ulcer patients who visited one wound clinic in Indonesia between August 2020 and February 2021, we investigated characteristics of the patients and wounds, healing period, and cost.ResultsTrauma was shown to be the primary cause of the diabetic foot ulcer in both the first ever foot ulcer (n = 48) and recurrent foot ulcer (n = 25) patient groups (95.8% and 100.0%, respectively). The DMIST score for the first ever foot ulcer patients was significantly higher than the DMIST score for the recurrent foot ulcers. This was found to be especially the case in the first ever foot ulcer patients, as not only were there signs of inflammation (45.8%), but there were also signs of local infection (35.4%), or osteomyelitis and signs of local infection (14.6%) present. In the eight first ever foot ulcer patients and in the nine recurrent ulcer patients who were able to be followed through complete healing, the costs found for the first ever foot ulcer patients were significantly higher as compared to the costs for the recurrent foot ulcer patients.ConclusionTo avoid diabetes‐related foot ulcers, specialized educational programs on trauma prevention need to be established. Moreover, patients without diabetes‐related foot ulcer histories should be educated regarding the need to undergo early consultations before developing any infections.
Information technology adoption and small and medium enterprise performance: Does information technology adoption reduce rural penalty in emerging and developing countries?
Authors: Ekeoma Chikadibia George 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study examines information technology (IT) adoption effects on the performance of small and medium enterprise (SMEs) in emerging markets and developing economies and how the locational challenges faced by rural SMEs could be reduced by IT adoption. Using 8466 firm‐level data from the 2022/2023 World Bank enterprise survey from 13 countries, across Europe and Central Asia, Latin America, Southeast Asia, South Asia, and Sub‐Saharan Africa, we used the entropy balancing technique and tested the effects of IT adoption on the relationship between remoteness and firm performance. Our results show that IT adoption positively affects firm performance and moderates the remoteness‐performance relationship, indicating that IT adoption reduces the rural penalty faced by remote firms. These findings imply that modern firms with sophisticated production methods outperform traditional ones; therefore, adopting information technology would benefit traditional rural firms.
Systematic review and evidence gap assessment of the clinical, quality of life, and economic burden of alpha‐thalassemia
Authors: Musallam Khaled M. , Viprakasit Vip , Lombard Louise , Gilroy Keely , Rane Amey , Vinals Lydia , Tam Candice , Rizzo Maria , Coates Thomas D. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA recent evidence gaps assessment of the clinical, health‐related quality of life, and economic burden associated with α‐thalassemia is lacking. We conducted a systematic literature review (SLR) following the methodological and reporting requirements of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses and the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews, using available literature over the past decade. This SLR identified a considerable evidence gap with regard to understanding the current burden of α‐thalassemia as evident from paucity of studies published in the past 10 years. The limited data available still indicate that patients with α‐thalassemia experience substantial morbidity and quality of life/economic burden that is generally comparable to patients with β‐thalassemia.