bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Präklinische Versorgung von anaphylaktischen Reaktionen durch die Dresdner Luft- und Bodenrettung
Authors: Cuevas Mandy , Frank Mark , Haacke Wladimir , Lüdke Theresa 
Published: April 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Anaphylaxie kann lebensbedrohlich sein. Eine schnelle Diagnose und sofortige Therapie sind daher notwendig. Im Fall einer Anaphylaxie mit kardiovaskulärer und/oder respiratorischer Beteiligung wird die unmittelbare Verabreichung von Adrenalin i.m. (oder i.v. bei ausreichender medizinischer Erfahrung) in Leitlinien empfohlen. Bisherige Studien ergaben, dass bei Anaphylaxien häufig keine leitliniengerechte Therapie durchgeführt und insbesondere Adrenalin selten verabreicht wird.

Fragestellung
Ziel dieser Arbeit war es, die Daten der Dresdner Luft- und Bodenrettung hinsichtlich der Therapie und des Outcomes von Patient/innen mit Anaphylaxien zu untersuchen. Zudem erfolgte eine Gegenüberstellung der Ergebnisse aus der Luft- und Bodenrettung. Der Fokus lag auf der Verabreichung von Adrenalin sowie auf dem Outcome.

Material und Methoden
Retrospektiv wurden die Einsätze der Dresdner Bodenrettung (von 2012 bis 2016) sowie Luftrettung (von 2008 bis 2015), die aufgrund anaphylaktischer Reaktionen stattfanden, ausgewertet. Für alle Einsätze wurde der Schweregrad der Anaphylaxie, die verabreichte Notfallmedikation sowie die weitere Überwachung und der Ausgang untersucht.

Ergebnisse
Für die Luftrettung wurden 152 Erwachsene/29 Kinder und für die Bodenrettung 1131 Erwachsene/223 Kinder ausgewertet. Erwachsene mit höhergradiger Anaphylaxie (Grad II–IV) erhielten in 19 % (Luftrettung) bzw. in 7 % (Bodenrettung) der Fälle Adrenalin. Bei den Kindern waren es 7 % (Luftrettung) bzw. 8 % (Bodenrettung) der Fälle. Die Therapie mit Antihistaminika und/oder Glukokortikoiden und/oder Adrenalin führte bei 96–98 % (Luftrettung) bzw. 72–77 % der Fälle (Bodenrettung) zu einer Verbesserung. Es wurde ein signifikanter Zusammenhang zwischen Verabreichen von Adrenalin und Verbesserung des Outcomes in der Kohorte der Bodenrettung gezeigt.

Schlussfolgerung
In der Mehrheit der höhergradigen Anaphylaxien erfolgte trotz Leitlinienempfehlung keine Therapie mit Adrenalin. Der in dieser Studie gezeigte signifikante Einfluss von Adrenalin auf den Outcome unterstreicht den Handlungsbedarf zur Optimierung der Notfallbehandlung anaphylaktischer Reaktionen.
Sodic-calcic alteration and transpressional shear along the Atacama fault system during IOCG mineralization, Copiapó, Chile
Authors: Seymour N. M. , Singleton J. S. , Gomila R. , Arancibia G. , Ridley J. , Gevedon M. L. , Stockli D. F. , Seman S. M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe Punta del Cobre district near Copiapó is a center of iron oxide-copper–gold (IOCG) mineralization spatially and temporally associated with regional sodic-calcic hydrothermal alteration, the Atacama fault system (AFS), and two phases of Early Cretaceous magmatism. Here, we investigate the spatiotemporal and geochemical relationships between magmatism, ductile deformation, and hydrothermal alteration along the ~ 200 to 300-m-thick steeply NW-dipping Sierra Chicharra shear zone, interpreted to be the major strand of the AFS. Mylonitic fabrics and oblique sinistral-reverse kinematic indicators together record coaxial flattening in a transpressional regime. Deformation on the AFS took place before, during, and after intrusion of the synkinematic Sierra Chicharra quartz diorite of the Coastal Cordillera arc at ~ 122 Ma and terminated before intrusion of the unstrained ~ 114 Ma Sierra Atacama diorite of the Copiapó batholith. Geochemical data show that the Copiapó batholith was more mafic and more K-rich than the calc-alkaline Coastal Cordillera arc. This time period thus overlaps IOCG mineralization in the Punta del Cobre district (~ 120 to 110 Ma). Multiple phases of sodic-calcic alteration in and around the AFS shear zone are recognized. Textures of altered rock in the shear zone show both synkinematic assemblages and post-kinematic hydrothermal oligoclase. A ~ 775-m-long andradite vein that cuts the shear zone formed broadly at the end of magmatism in the district (~ 95 Ma). Oxygen isotope ratios from the vein indicate that hydrothermal fluids were likely magmatically derived. Together, this work shows the AFS-related shear zone and nearby IOCG mineralization developed in a regional transpressional regime produced by SE-directed oblique convergence across a NE-striking shear zone. IOCG-related magmatic-hydrothermal fluids exploited this transcrustal shear zone to produce multiple episodes of regional sodic-calcic alteration formed from fluids exsolved from magmas or driven by the heat of the Coastal Cordillera arc and Copiapó batholith.
Electron beam powder bed fusion additive manufacturing of Ti6Al4V alloy lattice structures: orientation-dependent compressive strength and fracture behavior
Authors: Huang Yawen , Chen Zhan Wen , Wan Antony Rey O. , Schmidt Kurt , Sefont Peter , Singamneni Saret 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHigh porosity level lattice structures made using electron beam powder bed fusion additive manufacturing (EBPBF) need to be sufficiently strong and the understanding of the mechanical anisotropy of the structures is important for the design of orthopedic implants. In this work, the combined effects of loading direction (LD), cell orientation, and strut irregularity associated with EBPBF of Ti6Al4V alloy lattices on the mechanical behavior of the lattices under compressive loading have been studied. Three groups of simple cubic unit cell lattices were EBPBF made, compressively tested, and examined. The three groups were [001]//LD lattices, [011]//LD lattices, and [111]//LD lattices. Simulation has also been conducted. Yield strength (σy-L) values of all lattices determined experimentally have been found to be comparable to the values predicted by simulation; thus, EBPBF surface defects do not affect σy-L. σy-L of [001]//LD lattices is 1.8–2.0 times higher than those of [011]//LD and [111]//LD lattices. The reason for this is shown to be due to the high stress concentrations in non-[001]//LD samples, causing yielding at low loading levels. Furthermore, plastic strain (εp) at ultimate compression strength of [001]//LD samples has been determined to be 4–6 times higher than the values of non-[001]//LD samples. Examining the tested samples has shown cracks more readily propagating from EBPBF micro-notches in non-[001]//LD samples, resulting in low εp.
A new method for improving the solar photovoltaic unit efficiency through neem oil as coolant medium for high power applications—an experimental investigation
Authors: Ganesan Karthikeyan , Palanisamy Satheeshkumar , Muthusamy Suresh , Muthusamy Prabha Maheswari , Ramamoorthi Ponarun , Ravi Ranjith Kumar , Sha Mizaj Shabil , Sadasivuni Kishor Kumar 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe utilization of electric energy is rising in the technological world. Solar PV (photovoltaic) cells convert sunlight into electricity, and sunlight radiation also has heat, reducing the panel's efficiency. The heat should control the limited value or otherwise reduce the panel's performance so that heat is moved to the cooling medium, thus maintaining the heat within the functioning limit. The proposed method is explained by the probability of cooling the monocrystalline and polycrystalline structures used as neem oil through an integrated oil container fitted into the unit's backside—the neem oil acts as phase-changing material (PCM). The solar PV rear side neem oil absorbs the heat of the solar PV panel. The neem oil is not filled in the backside tank completely for the reason that the oil needed some breathing gap. The breathing gap of PCM is to enhance the heat-withstand efficiency. The backside neem oil is replaced every 30 min. As an outcome, the front side of solar PV heat is reduced. Neem oil has not polluted the environment and is thus also used to exchange noxious mineral oils. The neem oil moved from the depository tank to the backside of the unit and together into an additional depositor tank, thus being able to be reused. The proposed method is investigated, and functioning comparison occurs in different PV types, such as monocrystalline and polycrystalline modules, with various kinds of edible oil. Thus, the critical outcomes of the monocrystalline and polycrystalline PV panels are to decrease the panel temperature by 2.29% and 4.34%, respectively, and enhance the efficiency of the PV panels by 15.0% and 17.8%, respectively.
On the critical regularity of nonlinearities for semilinear classical wave equations
Authors: Chen Wenhui , Reissig Michael 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we consider the Cauchy problem for semilinear classical wave equations $$\begin{aligned} u_{tt}-\Delta u=|u|^{p_S(n)}\mu (|u|) \end{aligned}$$

u

tt

-
Δ
u
=

|
u
|

p
S

(
n
)

μ

(
|
u
|
)

with the Strauss exponent $$p_S(n)$$

p
S

(
n
)

and a modulus of continuity $$\mu =\mu (\tau ),$$

μ
=
μ
(
τ
)
,

which provides an additional regularity of nonlinearities in $$u=0$$

u
=
0

comparing with the power nonlinearity $$|u|^{p_S(n)}.$$

|
u
|

p
S

(
n
)

.

We obtain a sharp condition on $$\mu $$
μ
as a threshold between global (in time) existence of small data radial solutions by deriving polynomial-logarithmic type weighted $$L^{\infty }_tL^{\infty }_r$$

L
t
∞

L
r
∞

estimates, and blow-up of solutions in finite time even for small data by applying iteration methods with slicing procedure. These results imply a conjecture for the critical regularity of source nonlinearities for semilinear classical wave equations. We verify this conjecture in the 3d case.
Sample-to-answer lateral flow assay with integrated plasma separation and NT-proBNP detection
Authors: Strohmaier-Nguyen Dan , Horn Carina , Baeumner Antje J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThrough enabling whole blood detection in point-of-care testing (POCT), sedimentation-based plasma separation promises to enhance the functionality and extend the application range of lateral flow assays (LFAs). To streamline the entire process from the introduction of the blood sample to the generation of quantitative immune-fluorescence results, we combined a simple plasma separation technique, an immunoreaction, and a micropump-driven external suction control system in a polymer channel-based LFA. Our primary objective was to eliminate the reliance on sample-absorbing separation membranes, the use of active separation forces commonly found in POCT, and ultimately allowing finger prick testing. Combining the principle of agglutination of red blood cells with an on-device sedimentation-based separation, our device allows for the efficient and fast separation of plasma from a 25-µL blood volume within a mere 10 min and overcomes limitations such as clogging, analyte adsorption, and blood pre-dilution. To simplify this process, we stored the agglutination agent in a dried state on the test and incorporated a filter trench to initiate sedimentation-based separation. The separated plasma was then moved to the integrated mixing area, initiating the immunoreaction by rehydration of probe-specific fluorophore-conjugated antibodies. The biotinylated immune complex was subsequently trapped in the streptavidin-rich detection zone and quantitatively analyzed using a fluorescence microscope. Normalized to the centrifugation-based separation, our device demonstrated high separation efficiency of 96% and a yield of 7.23 µL (= 72%). Furthermore, we elaborate on its user-friendly nature and demonstrate its proof-of-concept through an all-dried ready-to-go NT-proBNP lateral flow immunoassay with clinical blood samples.
Graphical Abstract
Stability Threshold of the 2D Couette Flow in a Homogeneous Magnetic Field Using Symmetric Variables
Authors: Dolce Michele 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe consider a 2D incompressible and electrically conducting fluid in the domain $${\mathbb {T}}\times {\mathbb {R}}$$

T
×
R

. The aim is to quantify stability properties of the Couette flow (y, 0) with a constant homogenous magnetic field $$(\beta ,0)$$

(
β
,
0
)

when $$|\beta |>1/2$$

|
β
|
>
1
/
2

. The focus lies on the regime with small fluid viscosity $$\nu $$
ν
, magnetic resistivity $$\mu $$
μ
and we assume that the magnetic Prandtl number satisfies $$\mu ^2\lesssim \textrm{Pr}_{\textrm{m}}=\nu /\mu \le 1$$

μ
2

≲

Pr
m

=
ν
/
μ
≤
1

. We establish that small perturbations around this steady state remain close to it, provided their size is of order $$\varepsilon \ll \nu ^\frac{2}{3}$$

ε
≪

ν

2
3

in $$H^N$$

H
N

with N large enough. Additionally, the vorticity and current density experience a transient growth of order $$\nu ^{-\frac{1}{3}}$$

ν

-

1
3

while converging exponentially fast to an x-independent state after a time-scale of order $$\nu ^{-\frac{1}{3}}$$

ν

-

1
3

. The growth is driven by an inviscid mechanism, while the subsequent exponential decay results from the interplay between transport and diffusion, leading to the dissipation enhancement. A key argument to prove these results is to reformulate the system in terms of symmetric variables, inspired by the study of inhomogeneous fluid, to effectively characterize the system’s dynamic behavior.
Product structure and regularity theorem for totally nonnegative flag varieties
Authors: Bao Huanchen , He Xuhua 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe totally nonnegative flag variety was introduced by Lusztig. It has enriched combinatorial, geometric, and Lie-theoretic structures. In this paper, we introduce a (new) $J$
J
-total positivity on the full flag variety of an arbitrary Kac-Moody group, generalizing the (ordinary) total positivity.We show that the $J$
J
-totally nonnegative flag variety has a cellular decomposition into totally positive $J$
J
-Richardson varieties. Moreover, each totally positive $J$
J
-Richardson variety admits a favorable decomposition, called a product structure. Combined with the generalized Poincare conjecture, we prove that the closure of each totally positive $J$
J
-Richardson variety is a regular CW complex homeomorphic to a closed ball. Moreover, the $J$
J
-total positivity on the full flag provides a model for the (ordinary) totally nonnegative partial flag variety. As a consequence, we prove that the closure of each (ordinary) totally positive Richardson variety is a regular CW complex homeomorphic to a closed ball, confirming conjectures of Galashin, Karp and Lam in (Adv. Math. 351:614–620, 2019). We also show that the link of the totally nonnegative part of $U^{-}$

U
−

for any Kac-Moody group forms a regular CW complex. This generalizes the result of Hersh (Invent. Math. 197(1):57–114, 2014) for reductive groups.
Melanin depletion affects Aspergillus flavus conidial surface proteins, architecture, and virulence
Authors: Rudhra Ondippili , Gnanam Hariharan , Sivaperumal Sivaramakrishnan , Namperumalsamy VenkateshPrajna , Prajna Lalitha , Kuppamuthu Dharmalingam 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Melanin is an Aspergillus flavus cell wall component that provides chemical and physical protection to the organism. However, the molecular and biological mechanisms modulating melanin-mediated host–pathogen interaction in A. flavus keratitis are not well understood. This work aimed to compare the morphology, surface proteome profile, and virulence of melanized conidia (MC) and non-melanized conidia (NMC) of A. flavus. Kojic acid treatment inhibited melanin synthesis in A. flavus, and the conidial surface protein profile was significantly different in kojic acid-treated non-melanized conidia. Several cell wall-associated proteins and proteins responsible for oxidative stress, carbohydrate, and chitin metabolic pathways were found only in the formic acid extracts of NMC. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis showed the conidial surface morphology difference between the NMC and MC, indicating the role of melanin in the structural integrity of the conidial cell wall. The levels of calcofluor white staining efficiency were different, but there was no microscopic morphology difference in lactophenol cotton blue staining between MC and NMC. Evaluation of the virulence of MC and NMC in the Galleria mellonella model showed NMC was less virulent compared to MC. Our findings showed that the integrity of the conidial surface is controlled by the melanin layer. The alteration in the surface protein profile indicated that many surface proteins are masked by the melanin layer, and hence, melanin can modulate the host response by preventing the exposure of fungal proteins to the host immune defense system. The G. mellonella virulence assay also confirmed that the NMC were susceptible to host defense as in other Aspergillus pathogens.

Key points
• l-DOPA melanin production was inhibited in A. flavus isolates by kojic acid, and for the first time, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed morphological differences between MC and NMC of A. flavus strains
• Proteome profile of non-melanized conidia showed more conidial surface proteins and these proteins were mainly involved in the virulence, oxidative stress, and metabolism pathways
• Non-melanized conidia of A. flavus strains were shown to be less virulent than melanised conidia in an in vivo virulence experiment with the G. melonella model
Evaluation of histological variants of upper tract urothelial carcinoma as prognostic factor after radical nephroureterectomy
Authors: Song Byeongdo , Kim Jung Kwon , Lee Hakmin , Lee Sangchul , Hong Sung Kyu , Byun Seok-Soo , Oh Jong Jin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the impact of variant histology on patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) survival outcomes.

Materials and methods
A total of 519 patients underwent radical nephroureterectomy without neoadjuvant therapy for UTUC at a single institution between May 2003 and December 2019. Multivariate Cox regression analysis evaluated the impact of variant histology on progression-free survival (PFS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), and overall survival (OS).

Results
Among 84 patients (16.2%) with variant histology, the most frequent variant type was squamous cell differentiation (64.3%), followed by glandular differentiation (25.0%) and sarcomatoid variant (2.4%). They showed pathologically advanced T stage (for ≥ T3, 59.5% vs 33.3%, p < 0.001), higher tumor grade (96.4% vs 85.7%, p = 0.025), and higher rates of lymph node metastasis (17.9% vs 7.8%, p = 0.015), angiolymphatic invasion (41.7% vs 25.7%, p = 0.003), tumor necrosis (57.1% vs 29.0%, p < 0.001) and positive surgical margin (13.1% vs 5.7%, p = 0.015). On multivariate Cox regression analyses, variant histology was significantly associated with worse PFS (hazard ratio [HR] 2.23; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.55–3.21; p < 0.001), CSS (HR 2.67; 95% CI 1.35–5.30; p = 0.005) and OS (HR 2.22; 95% CI 1.27–3.88; p = 0.005). In subgroup analysis, no significant survival gains of adjuvant chemotherapy occurred in patients with variant histology.

Conclusions
Variant histology was associated with adverse pathologic features and poor survival outcomes. Our results suggest that patients with variant histology may require a close follow-up schedule and novel adjuvant therapy other than chemotherapy postoperatively.
Does thyroglossal duct arborization play a role in the post-surgical outcome of Sistrunk procedure in children?
Authors: Spinelli Claudio , Ghionzoli Marco , Ugolini Clara , Oreglio Chiara , Guglielmo Carla , Morabito Antonino , Patrizio Armando , Fallahi Poupak , Ferrari Silvia Martina , Antonelli Alessandro 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of the present study is to analyze thyroglossal duct cyst (TGDC) histopathological features, with focus on “arborization”, in a cohort of pediatric patients who underwent surgical removal, and evaluate a possible correlation with clinical recurrences.

Methods
A retrospective analysis of all patients who underwent surgical resection for TGDC at the division of Pediatric Surgery of the University of Pisa from 2015 to 2020 was performed; for each patient, the following data were recorded: age, sex, clinical presentation, localization, size of the lesion, diagnostic tools, histopathological features, perioperative complications, recurrence and follow-up.

Results
With respect to arborization, following histopathological analysis 25/30 patients (83.3%) presented thyroglossal duct branching. After a median follow-up of 3.5 years, only 2 out of 30 patients (6.7%), one male and one female, respectively aged 4 y.o. and 6 y.o., presented recurrence within one year from first surgery.

Conclusion
Surgery for TGDC remains a challenge for pediatric surgeons, while arborization was present in most of our cases which underwent surgery. With respect to the role of arborization, our study did not highlight sufficient conclusive data regarding their role in recurrence: instead, it showed wide resection as satisfactory, being the arborization present in most of the cases at histopathology.
On the power of bounded asynchrony: convergence by autonomous robots with limited visibility
Authors: Kirkpatrick David , Kostitsyna Irina , Navarra Alfredo , Prencipe Giuseppe , Santoro Nicola 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA distributed algorithm $${\mathcal {A}}$$
A
solves the Point Convergence task if an arbitrarily large collection of entities, starting in an arbitrary configuration, move under the control of $${\mathcal {A}}$$
A
to eventually form and thereafter maintain configurations in which the separation between all entities is arbitrarily small. This fundamental task in the standard $$\mathcal {OBLOT}$$
OBLOT
model of autonomous mobile entities has been previously studied in a variety of settings, including full visibility, exact measurements (including distances and angles), and synchronous activation of entities. Our study concerns the minimal assumptions under which entities, moving asynchronously with limited and unknown visibility range and subject to limited imprecision in measurements, can be guaranteed to converge in this way. We present an algorithm operating under these constraints that solves Point Convergence, for entities moving in two or three dimensional space, with any bounded degree of asynchrony. We also prove that under similar realistic constraints, but unbounded asynchrony, Point Convergence in the plane is not possible in general, contingent on the natural assumption that algorithms maintain the (visible) connectivity among entities present in the initial configuration. This variant, that we call Cohesive Convergence, serves to distinguish the power of bounded and unbounded asynchrony in the control of autonomous mobile entities, settling a long-standing question whether in the Euclidean plane synchronously scheduled entities are more powerful than asynchronously scheduled entities.