bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Post-pandemic patient safety: Have the characteristics of incidents with harm changed? Comparative observational study in primary care via review of medical records with a trigger tool
Authors: González Gerardo Garzón , Safont Tamara Alonso , Arroyo Oscar Aguado , Sanz Cristina Villanueva , Gayán Arancha Luaces , Fraile Esther Zamarrón , Balbuena Juan José Jurado , Herrera Inmaculada Mediavilla , "TriggerPrim®" Research Team 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background.
The COVID-19 pandemic generated or accelerated healthcare changes, some of which persist thereafter (e.g., healthcare reorganisation, remote consultation). Such changes entail novel risks for patient safety.
Methods.
Aim. To compare the characteristics of patient safety incidents with harm (PSIH) in primary care before the pandemic and at present.
Design and setting. Cross-sectional, comparative, observational study conducted within the entire Primary Care Service of the Madrid region with observations at two time points (2018 and 2021/2022).
Participants. Patients >18 years of age with at least one consultation in the previous year. The necessary sample size was established at N1=2,000 for the first time point and N2=2,700 for the second. Sampling was performed by simple randomisation for the first group and by clusters followed by simple randomisation for the second.
Main measurements. Age, gender, presence of PSIH in the medical record, and characteristics of the PSIH, specifically avoidability, severity, place of occurrence, nature, and contributory factors. Triggers validated in primary care were employed to screen the patients’ medical records and those containing any trigger were reviewed by three nurse-physician teams who underwent previous training.
Analysis. Comparative analysis using Fisher’s exact test.
Results.
A total of 63 PSIHs and 25 PSIHs were found for the first and second samples, respectively. The comparison of the characteristics of PSIH before the pandemic and currently was: avoidable 62% vs. 52% (p=0.47), mild 51% vs. 48% (p=0.57), in the primary care setting 73% vs. 64% (p=0.47), respectively. Although no statistically significant differences were observed globally in the nature of the incidents (p=0.13), statistically significant differences were found for diagnostic errors, with pre-pandemic rates of 6% vs. 20% at present (p<0.05). Finally, no significant differences were found in the contributory factors.
Conclusions.
No differences were found in the avoidability, severity, place of occurrence, or contributory factors of PSIHs before the pandemic and currently. In terms of the nature of these incidents, the outcomes revealed an increase in diagnostic errors (excluding diagnostic tests), which could be attributed to a greater frequency of remote consultations and a decrease in the longitudinality of care resulting from the shortage of professionals.
Gypenoside Inhibits Gastric Cancer Proliferation by Suppressing Glycolysis via the Hippo Pathway
Authors: Pan Li , Lan Bingxue , Li Shoumin , Jin Yong , Cui Miaomiao , Xia Ying , Wei Sixi , Huang Hai 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Gastric cancer (GC) remains a global disease with a high mortality rate, the lack of effective treatments and the high toxicity of side effects are primary causes for its poor prognosis. Hence, urgent efforts are needed to find safe and effective therapeutic strategies. Gypenoside (Gyp) is a widely used natural product that regulates blood glucose to improve disease progression with few toxic side effects. Given the crucial role of abnormal glycometabolism in driving tumor malignancy, it is important to explore the association between Gyp and glycometabolism in GC and understand the mechanism of action by which Gyp influences glycometabolism. In this study, we demonstrated that Gyp suppresses GC proliferation and migration both in vitro and in vivo. We identified that Gyp suppresses the malignant progression of GC by inhibiting glycolysis using network pharmacology and metabolomics. Transcriptome analysis revealed that the Hippo pathway is a key regulator of glycolysis by Gyp in GC. Furthermore, Gyp induced upregulation of LATS1/2 proteins, leading to increased YAP phosphorylation and decreased TAZ protein expression. The YAP agonist XMU-MP-1 rescued the inhibitory effect of Gyp on GC proliferation by reversing glycolysis. These findings confirmed that Gyp inhibits GC proliferation by targeting glycolysis through the Hippo pathway. Our study examined the role of Gyp in the malignant progression of GC, explored its therapeutic prospects, elucidated a mechanism by which Gyp suppresses GC proliferation through interference with the glycolytic process, thus providing a potential novel therapeutic strategy for GC patients.
Tn-seq profiling reveals that NodS of the beta-rhizobium Paraburkholderia phymatum is detrimental for nodulating soybean
Authors: Pessi Gabriella , Bellés-Sancho Paula , Golaz Daphné , Paszti Sarah , Vitale Alessandra , Liu Yilei , Bailly Aurelien , Eberl Leo , James Euan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The beta-rhizobial strain Paraburkholderia phymatum STM815T is noteworthy for its wide host range in nodulating legumes, primarily mimosoids (over 50 different species) but also some papilionoids. It cannot, however, nodulate soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.), one of the world’s most important crops. Here, we constructed a highly saturated genome-wide transposon library of a P. phymatum strain and employed a transposon sequencing (Tn-seq) approach to investigate the underlying genetic mechanisms of symbiotic incompatibility between P. phymatum and soybean. Soybean seedlings inoculated with the P. phymatum Tn-seq library displayed nodules on the roots that were mainly occupied by different mutants in a gene, nodS, coding for a methyltransferase involved in the biosynthesis of nodulation factors. The construction of a nodS deletion strain and a complemented mutant confirmed that nodS is responsible for the nodulation-incompatibility of P. phymatum with soybean. Moreover, infection tests with different host plants revealed that NodS is necessary for optimal nodulation of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), but it is not required for nodulation of its natural host Mimosa pudica. In conclusion, our results suggest that NodS is involved in determining nodulation specificity of P. phymatum.
Unlocking the genomic potential of Red Sea coral probiotics
Authors: Raimundo Inês , Rosado Phillipe M. , Barno Adam , Antony Chakkiath , Peixoto Raquel 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The application of beneficial microorganisms for corals (BMC), both in vivo and in situ, decreases the bleaching susceptibility and mortality rate of corals. BMC selection is typically performed via molecular and biochemical assays, followed by genomic screening for BMC traits. Herein, we present an improved and updated in silico framework for a set of six putative BMC strains. We extracted high-quality DNA from coral samples collected from the Red Sea and performed PacBio sequencing. We identified BMC traits and mechanisms associated with each strain as well as proposed new traits and mechanisms, such as chemotaxis and the presence of phages and bioactive secondary metabolites. The presence of prophages in four of the six studied BMC strains suggests their widespread distribution within beneficial bacteria. This newly indicates the importance of prophages in BMCs as they can expand the bacterial metabolic potential and offer a competitive advantage against pathogens. We also detected various secondary metabolites, such as terpenes, ectoines, lanthipeptides, and lasso peptides. These metabolites possess antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities and play key roles in coral health by reducing the effects of heat stress, high salinity, reactive oxygen species, and radiation. Corals are currently facing unprecedented challenges, and our revised framework can help select more efficient BMC for use in studies on coral microbiome rehabilitation, coral resilience, and coral restoration.
Density of Limnoperna fortunei larval stages in a cascade of subtropical reservoirs: spatiotemporal variation and environmental influences
Authors: Lopes M. N. , Pinheiro-Silva L. , Ribolli J. , Ávila-Simas S. , Lopes C. A. , Cardoso G. F.M. , Guereschi R. M. , Kavaguichi-Leite N. , Petrucio M. M. , Nuñer A. P.O. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The golden mussel (Limnoperna fortunei) is an invasive bivalve that has established itself in several South American river systems, impacting ecosystem functioning. Reservoir cascades provide their larvae with the means of rapid dispersal, but the relationship between environmental variables and larval stage structure remains unclear. In this study, the density of four L. fortunei larval stages was assessed in a cascade of five reservoirs in the upper Uruguay River Basin and associated with spatiotemporal variation in environmental parameters. Larval density increases were more related to fluctuating environmental parameters than to the expected effect of a cascade system, as the highest larval densities did not occur in the downstream reservoirs. Smaller D-shaped larvae predominated, suggesting that larger umbonated larvae either attempted to settle on the substrate (prior to metamorphosis to pediveligers) or were naturally preyed upon. The relationships between environmental parameters were evaluated using a multivariate model. Water temperature and dissolved oxygen had a significant effect on larval density but did not respond to density variations independently. However, during winter, larval density decreased significantly. Other variables also contribute to species activity and survival in the upper Uruguay River Basin reservoirs and may be considered limiting factors. The interaction between basin area and rainfall strongly influenced the increase in larval density because runoff enriched the reservoirs with nutrients essential for the leading development of larval phases. Our findings provide insights on larval development in golden mussels, which can be used as a tool to manage further dispersal of this invasive species.
Pneumonia activates renal antioxidant defense function to reduce the damage of aristolochic acid I through Keap1/Nrf2/NQO1 signaling pathway
Authors: Wang Yinkang , Li Chengxian , Qin Shuanglin , Wang Xianling , Li Xinyu , Wang Jiabo , Niu Ming , Bai Zhaofang , Xiao Xiao He 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Aristolochic acids (AAs) are a group of compounds widely found in Aristolochiaceae, and the main toxic component of AAs is aristolochic acid I (AAI). AAI causes severe direct nephrotoxicity and carcinogenicity. Plants containing AAI are widely used around the world; for example, Asari Radix et Rhizoma (ARR) contains trace amounts of aristolochic acid and is still included in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Based on the theory of therapy for syndrome differentiation in traditional Chinese medicine, we established a 7-day mouse model of pneumonia and observed that kidney damage in the pneumonia group was significantly lower than that in the healthy group after the same treatment. Subsequently, the carcinogenic metabolite aristolochic acid-DNA adduct standards were synthesized, and assays were established. No adduct formation was detected in our limit of quantification (500 pg/ml) in the ARR group, while the adduct formation in the Caulis Aristolochiae Manshuriensis (CAM) group, whose content of AAI is 900 times that of the ARR, was significantly lower than that in the healthy group in the pneumonia state. Here, we demonstrate that the safety risk of ARR is not high at normal doses. Western blot analysis revealed that the level of the AAI metabolic enzyme NQO1 in the pneumonia group was significantly lower than that in the healthy group. Combined with the transcriptomic results, we speculate that kidney injury and adduct production in the pneumonia group were lower than those in the healthy group because of the ROS-Keap1-Nrf2-NQO1 pathway.
Synthesis, crystal structure, and properties of a Zn(II) coordination polymer from a new semirigid tripodal nitrogen-containing heterotopic ligand
Authors: Zhou Bing-Xun , Lin Xian , Xie Hui-Qi , Wu Lianghua , Zhang Chu-Hong , Song Hai-Yan , Fan Jun , Zheng Sheng-Run 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

A new coordination polymer, namely, {[Zn(DTPP)(H2O)2]·H2O}n (H2DTPP = 3-(3,5-di(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)phenoxy)pyridine, compound 1), was successfully assembled by using a new semirigid tripodal nitrogen-containing heterotopic ligand and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy, TG, and luminescence. X-ray single-crystal diffraction analysis revealed that compound 1 crystallizes in an orthorhombic crystal system with space groups of Ibca. It is a 2D coordination network with (4·82) topology, and the 2D networks are further connected by hydrogen bonds between coordinated water molecules and tetrzolyl N atoms to form a 3D supramolecular framework. Moreover, compound 1 exhibits intense blue emission centered at 345 nm upon excitation at 276 nm and has the ability to sense Fe3+ via photoluminescence quenching.
Impact of Southern Annular Mode on the variability of Heavy Rainfall Events over Kerala during August.
Authors: Ravi Sreevidya , P.P SREEKALA 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Kerala has witnessed a surge in heavy rainfall events (HRE) during August in recent years. This study examines the influence of ocean-atmospheric conditions in the Southern Hemisphere on the variability of HRE in Kerala during August. The study finds that the changing ocean-atmospheric conditions in the South Indian Ocean such as uneven sea surface temperature (SST) trends (warming near Madagascar Island and cooling to the south of Madagascar Island, north-south SST gradient), weakening of the Mascarene High, strengthening of the Australian High and associated circulation changes significantly impact the recent trend in HRE over Kerala. A significant negative correlation exists between the April Southern Annular Mode (SAM) index and August HRE. Negative April SAM induces warm SST in the southwest Pacific Ocean (SWPO SST), which persist until August. April SWPO SST is positively associated with the north-south SST gradient in the southwest Indian Ocean in August. The intensification of cyclonic circulation over the southwest Indian Ocean and anticyclonic circulation over the southeast Indian Ocean may be the atmospheric response to April SAM, facilitated through SWPO SST. This cyclonic circulation over the southwest Indian Ocean may enhance divergent winds from the cool eastern Indian Ocean, and increase the moisture transport from the central equatorial Indian Ocean to the Kerala region and causes HRE over Kerala. A positive correlation between April SWPO SST and enhanced regional Hadley circulation over Kerala in August emphasizes this hypothesis. Therefore, negative SAM and warming in the SWPO in April can be considered as precursory factors for HRE occurrence over Kerala in August.
Preparation of insulating firebricks using date seeds
Authors: Abadir Magdy , Eldesoki Hosam Moselhy , Ibrahim Osama Abdel Bary , Sakka Nada Ragab El 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
The use of combustible vegetable waste in the manufacture of refractory insulating firebricks has a double advantage: Making use of vegetable waste and decreasing the production cost of bricks.
Results
Ground date seeds were added to kaolin and grog at different ratios and their blend was mixed with water. The wet mixtures were shaped in steel molds, dried overnight at 90oC, and fired at 1200oC for two hours. The physical and mechanical properties of the fired bricks were determined and found to be incompatible with standard values. Small amounts of polystyrene beads and perlite were then added to decrease the bulk density and increase the crushing strength. A mixture composed of 6% date seed, 72.5% kaolin, 17.5% grog, 2.5% perlite and 1.5% polystyrene produced bricks that abided by Indian Standards 2042 requirements regarding their bulk density, porosity, crushing strength, percent linear change on reheat and thermal conductivity at 600oC.
Conclusions
Date seeds have been successfully used as pore generating material in the preparation of Class B insulating firebricks, in a mixture with kaolin, grog and small amounts of polystyrene and perlite.
Prevalence and associated factors of human caliciviruses infection among patients with gastroenteritis in the Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia
Authors: Tegegne Dessie , Gelaw Aschalew , Zerefaw Girma , Ferede Getachew , Gelaw Baye 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background: Human caliciviruses are the leading cause of gastroenteritis among all age groups worldwide, with an increased burden in developing countries. As there is no surveillance, epidemiological data is limited in Ethiopia. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of human caliciviruses among patients with gastroenteritis in the Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia.
Methods: Prospective cross-sectional study was conducted from May 2021 to November 2021. A total of 550 study participants with symptoms of gastroenteritis were proportionately assigned to the four study areas. Convenient sampling was used to select the health facilities while study participants were systematically sampled. A fecal sample was collected and analyzed with a one-step real-time RT-PCR. Sociodemographic and other variables were gathered using a pre-tested questionnaire and analyzed by SPSS version 23. A descriptive analysis was performed. Logistic Regressions with adjusted odds ratio (AOR) at the 95%CI were used to assess factors associated with NoV infection.
Results: 519 out of 550 samples were analyzed (94.4% response rate). The overall prevalence of norovirus (NoV) was 8.9% (46/519). The positivity rates were higher among the elderly (33.3%) and under-5 children (12.5%). Both genogroup I and genogroup II (GII) were identified, with GII being the predominant, 82.6% (38/46). All participants experienced diarrhea, but only 20% reported a history of vomiting. Norovirus infection was more prevalent among respondents from Debre Tabor (AOR = 3.8, 95%CI (1.1-13)) and Bahir Dar areas (AOR = 3.5, 95%CI (1.03-12)). Additionally, older adults (AOR; 7, 95% CI (1.9-27)) and under 5 children (AOR = 3.4, 95%CI (2.7-13)) were disproportionately affected compared to adults. The previous history of gastroenteritis (AOR = 3.4, 95% (CI1.4-8)) was a significant factor contributing to NoV infections. Besides, individuals with a high frequency of diarrhea (AOR = 16.3, 95%CI 6.6-40), and vomiting (AOR = 3.2, 95%CI 1.5-7) were more likely infected.
Conclusions: The prevalence of NoV was considerably high with the predominance of NoV-GII. The positivity rate was higher among the extreme age groups and varied across the study areas. To obtain a comprehensive understanding of the virus`s epidemiology and its genetic diversity further research is warranted.
Based on 6G, Fog Radio Access Network Behaviour Analysis
Authors: Abdelnaby Eman , Abd-Alaaty Heba , Nashat Mona , abd-elazim Mohamed 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The introduction of a new generation of cellular networks each decade necessitates the development of new architectural designs. A novel paradigm called fog communication has been put out to make use of the throughput and latency advantages of edge computing. We propose architecture for new generation 6G with the aid of fog computing and mathematical model research to evaluate the effectiveness of such ideas. In particular, the performance of 6G Radio Access Nework in terms of, power consumption (PC), energy efficiency (EE), and delay with fog architecture is evaluated in comparison to that of previous generation 5G. Fog Radio Access Networks (F-RANs) have been shown in the literature to offer improved latency performance, but use a lot of power, reducing their EE in contrast to their regular cloud equivalents.
This paper demonstrates another perspective or new term (fully photonics) or introducing photonics component to the network. However, the quantity of deployed fog devices detremines the degree of degradation, which have an immediate impact on the PC.The entrance of full photonics will elliminate this degradation and will improve the network performance In all of the aforementioned aspects.This study demonstrates adding a fog architecture and optics component and studying the network behaviour from three perspectives: time delay, EE, and PC.
Monoclinic distortion and magnetic transitions in FeO under pressure and temperature
Authors: Li Xiang , Bykova Elena , Vasiukov Denis , Aprilis Georgios , Chariton Stella , Cerantola Valerio , Bykov Maxim , Müller Susanne , Pakhomova Anna , Akbar Fariia , Mukhina Elena , Kantor Innokenty , Glazyrin Konstantin , Comboni Davide , Chumakov Aleksandr , McCammon Catherine , Dubrovinsky Leonid , Sanchez-Valle Carmen , Kupenko Ilya 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Fe1-xO, although chemically simple, possesses a complex structural and magnetic phase diagram. The crystal structures of Fe1-xO and its magnetic properties at high-pressure and high-temperature conditions are still a matter of debate. In this work, we performed a systematic investigation on Fe0.94O up to 94 GPa and 1700 K using synchrotron X-ray diffraction and synchrotron Mössbauer source spectroscopy. We observe a transition of Fe1-xO to the monoclinic phases above 40 GPa and at high temperatures and use the group theory analysis of the observed phases to discuss their properties and their relation to the ambient pressure phases. The Mössbauer spectra of the rhombohedral (rB1) and the room temperature monoclinic C2/m phase (mC4) contain a component attributed to Fe2.5+, which is caused by the electron exchange between the Fe3+ defect and neighboring Fe2+ atoms. Our results present a clear structural and magnetic transitional pressure-temperature diagram of Fe1-xO and show the complex physicochemical properties of simple Fe1-xO binary oxide under extreme conditions.