bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of protein enriched snacks (fryums) from quality Protein Maize
Authors: B Subbulakshmi , S Praveena , R Anandham , P Geetha 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Fryums / Warrian (vadagam) are dehydrated sun dried dumplings and brittle like products. Warrian spelled in different ways as sandige, wadiya, wadian, vadiyan, barrian are popular food adjuncts. Two varieties of Maize (CO1 & HQPM 7) based fryums (maize vadagam) with different level of incorporation were developed and their quality evaluated. Fryums prepared with 100% rice flour were used as control and 100% maize flour fryums also exhibited excellent organoleptic score in both varieties of maize of flour (CO1 and HQPM 7). Fryums was prepared out of rice flour as control and whole CO1 (T1) and HQPM 7 (T2) maize flour and packaged in 200 gauge polyethylene bags (P1) and metallised polypropylene bags (P2) stored at room temperature for 9 months. The chemical changes during storage were evaluated and the data collected were statistically analysed. Linear and significantly (P < 0.01) increased values were observed from control to maize flour incorporated seasoning fryums for pH, product yield, bulk density, moisture, protein and fat contents. Significantly reverse trends were observed for hydratability, water absorption index and water solubility index. Results of sensory evaluation on 9 point hedonic scale showed appearance and colour, flavour, texture, crispness, after taste, maize flavour intensity and overall palatability were higher for HQPM 7 maize flour based fryums followed by CO1 maize based fryums.
Simplifications and approximations in molecular systems biology: lessons from a single-gene circuit
Authors: Diambra Luis , Barton Alejandro , Sesin Pablo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The absence of detailed knowledge about regulatory interactions makes the use of phenomenological assumptions mandatory in cell biology modeling. Furthermore, the challenges associated with the analysis of these models compel the implementation of mathematical approximations. However, the constraints these methods introduce to biological interpretation are sometimes neglected. Consequently, understanding these restrictions is a very important task for systems biology modeling.In this article, we examine the impact of such simplifications taking the case of a single-gene autoinhibitory circuit, however, our conclusions are not limited solely to this instance. We demonstrate that models grounded in the same biological assumptions but described at varying levels of detail can lead to different outcomes, that is different and contradictory phenotypes or behaviors. Indeed, incorporating specific molecular processes like translation and elongation into the model can introduce instabilities and oscillations not seen when these processes are assumed to be instantaneous. Furthermore, incorporating a detailed description of promoter dynamics, usually described by a phenomenological regulatory function, can lead to instability depending on the cooperative binding mechanism that is acting. Consequently, although the use of a regulating function facilitates model analysis, it may mask relevant aspects of the system's behavior. In particular, we observe that the two cooperative binding mechanisms, both compatible with the same sigmoidal function, can lead to different phenotypes, such as transcriptional oscillations with different frequencies.
Dental anomalies, variations and pathology in the Swedish red fox (Vulpes vulpes)
Authors: Alström Karin Margareta , Enlund Karolina Brunius , Pettersson Ann , Bonello Dea 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
The aims of this study were to investigate dental anomalies, variations, and pathology in the Swedish red fox (Vulpes vulpes). Skulls from 55 free-ranging red foxes, all obtained through legal hunt, from the south and western parts of Sweden, were examined macroscopically and radiographically for dental anomalies, variations, and pathology.
Results:
Seventeenfoxes which corresponds to 31% of the foxes had an incomplete dentition. In total, 43 teeth were missing leaving 2267 out of 2310 teeth for examination.
The three most common macroscopic findings in the 2267 teeth where; attrition/abrasion (n=149, 6.5%), uncomplicated crown fractures (n=130, 5.7%) and enamel defects (n=49, 2.2%). The three most common radiographic findings were radicular developmental grooves (n=313, 13.8%), periapical radiolucency (n=134, 5.9%) and dilaceration (n=52, 2.3%). Malocclusions were found in four foxes. No deciduous teeth or mixed dentition were observed.
Conclusions:
Radicular grooves and dilacerations in tooth roots were common findings in the examined foxes and are to be considered as normal variations of tooth morphology rather than anomalies. As in many other carnivores, dental trauma was a common finding. Attrition, abrasion, uncomplicated and complicated crown fractures, and their consequences, may have adverse implications on the Swedish red fox´s ability to hunt, and on quality of life.
The Association Between Vitamin D Deficiency and Angiographic Results in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Increased Urinary Albumin Excretion Ratio
Authors: Mehrpooya Maryam , gharibzadeh Abdollah , Ebrahimi Pouya , Sattartabar Babak , Kheiltash Azita , Sadeghian Saeed , Sadeghian Mohammad , Ghasemi Massoud 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background: The association between vitamin D deficiency, proteinuria, and diabetic nephropathy has been shown. This study will examine the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and angiographic coronary artery disease (CAD) severity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) increased Urinary Albumin/Creatinine Ratio (UACR).
Method: Patients with diabetes referred for coronary angiography were included in this study. Their baseline information was recorded, and the blood and urine samples were sent for laboratory evaluation. Patients then underwent angiography.
Results: The study included 129 patients. The mean age of the patients was 59.35 ±9.2 years old. A coronary angiography revealed that 62.8% of them had coronary artery involvement. Patients with CAD were divided into three groups: Single-vessel disease (SVD), two-vessel disease (2VD), and three-vessel disease (3VD), and their distribution was 20%, 17%, and 24%, respectively. Only 17.1% of patients had sufficient vitamin D levels, and 40% had vitamin D deficiency. There was a significant relationship between vitamin D deficiency and proteinuria, coronary artery involvement, and its severity. In patients with very severe vitamin D deficiency (vitamin D level <10), 77.8% of them had an elevated Urine Albumin/Creatinine ratio (UACR).
Conclusion:
Vitamin D deficiency is associated with increased proteinuria, the number of involved coronary vessels, and the severity of coronary artery stenosis. Therefore, it is recommended therapeutic and preventive role of vitamin D in improving and reducing renal and cardiovascular disease be investigated.
Early Hormone Administration and Antibiotic Treatment is Key to Managing Cutaneous Anthrax
Authors: luo xia , Ma lina , Zhou Yan , liu huijuan , Liu Shuai Wei , Jiang Cai Hong , Ding Xiang Chun 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background and ObAjectives: Anthrax is a global health concern, with cutaneous anthrax accounting for over 95% of cases and generally promising outcomes. Nonetheless, the absence of timely intervention can result in mortality rates of 10–40%. This research aims to explore the clinical presentations and phenotypic characteristics of cutaneous anthrax patients and evaluate the efficacy of various therapeutic approaches. Methods: A retrospective study was performed on 76 cutaneous anthrax patients identified at three hospitals from 2017 to 2022. Patients were categorized based on their hospital stay into two groups: those hospitalized for at least seven days and those for shorter durations. We assessed their clinical and phenotypic profiles, including symptoms, general health status, and laboratory findings, alongside treatment outcomes, focusing on hormone therapy and antibiotic regimens. Results: The study encompassed 76 diagnosed individuals, predominantly young adult males (78.9%). A significant gender disparity was noted. Hormonal treatment markedly improved edema regression in patients (P < 0.002), highlighting its therapeutic value. The impact of various antibiotic treatments on disease progression differed significantly based on hormone treatment status, with specific combinations showing more effectiveness in non-hormone-treated patients. Conclusions: The predominance of young male adults among cutaneous anthrax cases was observed, with early hormone treatment significantly reducing edema duration. In cases where hormone therapy is not utilized, employing piperacillin-tazobactam alone or in combination with quinolones effectively shortens the illness duration, suggesting a tailored approach to treatment can enhance patient outcomes.
Memristor chip-enabled adaptive neuromorphic decoder for co-evolutional brain-computer interfaces
Authors: Wu Huaqiang , Liu Zhengwu , Mei Jie , Tang Jianshi , Xu Minpeng , Gao Bin , Wang Kun , Ding Sanchuan , Liu Qi , Qin Qi , Chen Weize , Xi Yue , Li Yijun , Yao Peng , Zhao Han , Wong Ngai , Qian He , Hong Bo , Jung Tzyy-Ping , Ming Dong 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

To fulfill complex human-machine interactions, a brain-computer interface (BCI) must not only decipher brain signals but also dynamically adapt to brain fluctuations, ultimately co-evolving with the brain. This necessitates a novel decoder capable of flexible updates with energy-efficient decoding capabilities. In this work, we designed a co-evolutional BCI with a neuromorphic decoder enabled by a 128k-cell memristor chip. By interacting with the brain, the decoder continuously updates its parameters, leading to the successful real-time control of a drone in 4 degrees of freedom (4-DOF) and enabling it to navigate around obstacles. Our approach featured a hardware-efficient one-step memristor decoding strategy, enabling the neuromorphic chip-equipped BCI to achieve decoding performance equivalent to software-based methods. Notably, it accomplished this at three orders of magnitude lower energy consumption and two orders of magnitude higher normalized speed than a central processing unit (CPU). Moreover, employing an interactive update framework, we showed the co-evolution of the brain-memristor decoder over an extended interaction task involving ten subjects. This resulted in a remarkable enhancement of BCI performance by nearly 20%, showcasing the substantial potential of memristor decoders in advancing BCIs. The study results also showed that the decoder initially played a dominant role in the co-evolution, but the brain learned as the process progressed. Eventually, a dynamic balance between the two emerged for decision-making. These findings lay the groundwork for developing future human-centric hybrid intelligence systems.
METTL3-mediated N6-methyladenosine modification of STAT5A promotes gastric cancer progression through regulating KLF4
Authors: Liu Zhifang , Zang Yichen , Tian Zhuangfei , Wang Dandan , Li Yaxuan , Zhang Wenhui , Ma Cunying , Liao Zhenzhi , Gao Wenrong , Qian Lilin , Xu Xia , Jia Jihui 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is the predominant post-transcriptional RNA modification in eukaryotes, playing a pivotal regulatory role in various aspects of RNA fate determination, such as mRNA stability, alternative splicing, and translation. The dysregulation of critical m6A methyltransferase METTL3 is implicated in tumorigenesis and development. Here, this work shows that METTL3 is upregulated in gastric cancer tissues and associated with poor prognosis. Helicobacter pylori infection contributes to the increased expression of METTL3 in gastric cancer. Additionally, METTL3 methylates the A2318 site within the coding sequence (CDS) region of STAT5A, thereby enhancing STAT5A mRNA stability and protein expression. Furthermore, IGF2BP2 recognizes and binds METTL3-mediated m6A modification of STAT5A through its GXXG motif in KH3 and KH4 domains, leading to increased stability of STAT5A mRNA. Functional studies indicate that STAT5A overexpression remarkably enhances the proliferation and migration of GC cells, whereas STAT5A knockdown has inhibitory effects. Further nude mouse experiments show that STAT5A knockdown effectively inhibits the growth and metastasis of gastric cancer in vivo. Moreover, as a transcription factor, STAT5A represses KLF4 transcription by binding to its promoter region. The overexpression of KLF4 can counteract the oncogenic impact of STAT5A. Collectively, this study highlights the crucial role of m6A in gastric cancer and identifies potential targets for effectively controlling its progression.
Immunogenicity and cross-protective efficacy induced by delayed attenuated Salmonella with the regulated length of lipopolysaccharide in mice
Authors: Kong Qingke , Bian Xiaoping , Liu Qing , Chen Yaolin , Zhang Wenjin , Li Mengru , Zhang Xiaofen , Yang Liu , Liao Yonghong 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica serovar (NTS) is a major global foodborne pathogen that poses a major public health concern worldwide, and no vaccines were available for protecting against infection of multiple Salmonella serotypes, therefore, the development of Salmonella vaccines to provide broad protection is valuable. In this work, we aimed to regulate lipopolysaccharide (LPS) synthesis of live Salmonella in vivo for exposing conserved protein antigens on the outer membrane while maintaining smooth LPS patterns in vitro to keep their original ability to invade host cells for inducing cross-protection against infection of multiple Salmonella serotypes. We generated a series of mutants defective in genes to affect the length of LPS. These mutants exhibit in vivo regulated-delayed attenuation and altered length of LPS, and all these mutants were derived from SW067 (DpagL7 DpagP81::Plpp lpxE DlpxR9 Dfur9) containing ∆pagP81::Plpp lpxE mutation to reduce their endotoxic activity. Animal experiments demonstrated that all regulated delayed attenuated mutants exhibited reduced ability to colonize the organs of the mice, and SW114 (waaI), SW116 (waaJ), SW118 (waaL), and SW120 (wbaP) induced a significant production of IgG and IgA against OMPs isolated from S. Typhimurium, S. Enteritidis, and S. Choleraesuis. SW114 (waaI), SW116 (waaJ), and SW118 (waaL) were capable of conferring significant protection against infection of wild-type S. Enteritidis and S. Choleraesuis. In conclusion, regulated delayed attenuated Salmonella vaccines with the whole core oligosaccharides of LPS showed a good ability to expose conserved outer antigens and to trigger strong cross-immune responses against both homologous and heterologous Salmonella infections. These results give new insight into the development of the Salmonella vaccine against multiple serotypes of Salmonella.
Epigenetic regulation of H3K27me3 in laying hens with fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome induced by high-energy and low-protein diets
Authors: Cui Yong , Ru Meng , Wang Yujie , Weng Linjian , HAJI RAMLAT , Ru Meng , Zeng Qingjie , Wei Qing , Xie Xianhua , Yin Chao , Huang Jianzhen 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background：Fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome (FLHS) in the modern poultry industry is primarily caused by nutrition. Despite encouraging progress on FLHS, the mechanism through which nutrition influences susceptibility to FLHS is still lacking in terms of epigenetics.
Results: In this study, we analyzed the genome-wide patterns of trimethylated lysine residue 27 of histone H3 (H3K27me3) enrichment by chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing (ChIP-seq), and examined its association with transcriptomes in healthy and FLHS hens. The study results indicated that H3K27me3 levels were increased in the FLHS hens on a genome-wide scale. Additionally, H3K27me3 was found to occupy the entire gene and the distant intergenic region, which may function as silencer-like regulatory elements. The analysis of transcription factor (TF) motifs in hypermethylated peaks has demonstrated that 23 TFs are involved in the regulation of liver metabolism and development. Transcriptomic analysis indicated that differential expressed genes (DEGs) were enriched in fatty acid metabolism, amino acid, and carbohydrate metabolism. The hub gene identified from PPI network is fatty acid desaturase-like 1 (FADS1). Combined ChIP-seq and transcriptome analysis revealed that the increased H3K27me3 and down-regulated genes have significant enrichment in the ECM-receptor interaction, tight junction, cell adhesion molecules, adherens junction, and TGF-beta signaling pathways.
Conclusions: Overall, the trimethylation modification of H3K27 has been shown to have significant regulatory function in FLHS, mediating the expression of crucial genes associated with the ECM-receptor interaction pathway. This highlights the epigenetic mechanisms of H3K27me3 and provides insights into exploring core regulatory targets and nutritional regulation strategies in FLHS.
Nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate for vascular calcification: animal experiments and a meta-analysis
Authors: Xu Wei , Gong Lifeng , Tang Weigang , Jiang Wei , Lu Guoyuan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background: The purpose of our study was to explore the effect of nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate (N-BP) on vascular calcification (VC) by animal experiments and a meta-analysis.
Methods: In our animal experiments, the SD rats were randomly divided into control group, VC group, low-dose Zoledronic acid (ZOL) group (20ug/kg) and high-dose ZOL group (100ug/kg). The calcification of aortic arch was detected by alizarin red staining. The calcium content of aortic arch was detected. In our meta-analysis, databases including PubMed, EMbase, the Cochrane Library, CNKI , Wanfang database were searched from the inception to December 20th, 2023. Eligible studies comparing N-BP versus no N-BP in the treatment of VC were included.
Results: In our animal experiment, compared with the VC group, the red-stained calcification structure in the low-dose ZOL group were slightly reduced, and the red-stained calcification structure in the high-dose ZOL group were significantly reduced. The calcium content in the low-dose ZOL group was slightly lower than that in the VC group, but there was no statistical difference(P > 0.05).The calcium content in the high-dose ZOL group was significantly lower than that in the VC group(P < 0.05). Our meta-analysis from human studies showed that N-BP did not reduce arterial calcification score(P > 0.05). Our meta-analysis from animal studies showed that N-BP did not reduce arterial calcification score significantly(P > 0.05), but N-BP reduce arterial calcification area, arterial calcium and PO4 content(P < 0.05).
Conclusions: Our animal experiment revealed that high-dose ZOL inhibited VC, but low-dose ZOL did not inhibit VC significantly. Our meta-analysis from humans studies revealed that N-BP was not effective for the treatment of VC, but Our meta-analysis result from animal studies was inclined to supporting the role of N-BP in inhibiting VC.
Determinants of late recovery following elective colorectal surgery. Late recovery within ERAS pathway
Authors: Ceresoli Marco , Ripamonti Lorenzo , Pedrazzani Corrado , Pellegrino Luca , Tamini Nicolò , Totis Mauro , Braga Marco 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background. Despite the application of enhanced recovery protocol a considerable proportion of patients has a late recovery. The identification of possible determinants of late recovery might be crucial to implement perioperative protocols and to plan tailored pathways.
Objective. The aim of this study is to identify possible determinants of late recovery.
Design.Retrospective observational study based on a prospectively collected dedicated register.
Setting.22 Italian hospital with high volume colorectal surgery and trained in enhanced recovery protocols.
Patients.Patients with elective colorectal resection for cancer of benign disease.
Main outcome measures. Recovery on postoperative day two.
Results. A total of 1536 patients were included in the analysis. The overall median adherence to preoperative and intraoperative enhanced recovery protocols item was 75.0% (66.6%- 83.3%). A late recovery was observed in 488 (31.8%) patients. Multiple regression analysis showed that six enhanced recovery protocols items had an independent positive impact on postoperative recovery: pre-admission counseling (OR 2.596), preoperative carbohydrate drink (OR 1.948), intraoperative fluid infusions <7mL/kg/h (OR 1.662), avoiding thoracic epidural analgesia(OR 2.137), removal of naso-gastric tube at the end of surgery (OR 4.939) and successful laparoscopy (OR 2.341). The late recovery rate progressively declined with the increasing adherence to these six positive items reaching 13.0% when all the items were applied (r= -0.99 p<0.001).
Limitations. Retrospective analysis of a register including data from many different centers and the large case mix of patients.
Conclusions: The implementation of identified items by the multiprofessional staff seems crucial to enhance the short-term recovery following colorectal surgery.
Effect of LncRNA LOC106505926 on Myogenesis and Lipogenesis of Porcine Primary cells
Authors: Shi Mingyue , Yang Shuai , Zhao Xiaolei , Sun Di , Li Yifei , Yang Jingxian , Li Meng , Cai Chunbo , Guo Xiaohong , Li Bugao , Lu Chang , Cao Guoqing 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Skeletal muscle development and fat deposition have important effects on meat quality. The study of regulating skeletal muscle development and fat deposition is of great significance in improving carcass quality and meat quality. In the present study, RNA sequencing was performed on the longissimus dorsi muscle (LDM) of Jinfen White pigs at 1, 90, and 180 days of age.
Results
The results showed that a total of 245 differentially expressed miRNAs were screened, which may be involved in the regulation of myogenesis. Among them, compared with 1-day-old group, miR-22-5p was significantly up-regulated in 90-day-old group and 180-day-old group. Functional studies demonstrated that miR-22-5p inhibited the proliferation and differentiation of porcine skeletal muscle satellite cells (PSCs). Bioinformatics predicted that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) LOC106505926 and CXXC5 gene had strong negative correlations with miR-22-5p. The LOC106505926 and CXXC5 were proven to promote the proliferation and differentiation of PSCs, as opposed to miR-22-5p. In terms of mechanism, LOC106505926 functions as a molecular sponge of miR-22-5p to modulate the expression of CXXC5, thereby inhibits the differentiation of PSCs. In addition, LOC106505926 regulates the differentiation of porcine preadipocytes through direct binding with FASN.
Conclusions
Collectively, our results highlight the multifaceted regulatory role of LOC106505926 in controlling skeletal muscle and adipose tissue development in pigs and provide new targets for improving the quality of livestock products by regulating skeletal muscle development and fat deposition.