bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metastatic tumors of the penis
Authors: Perez‐Mesa Carlos , Oxenhandler Ronald 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSix patients with metastases to the penis are described. The main characteristics of the primary tumors are described, along with the treatments, the features of the metastasis, and the response to treatment. Although in one patient a survival of 5 years was obtained, metastasis to the penis is generally associated with a dismal prognosis. A brief commentary is made concerning mechanisms of metastases formation.
MTT assay with reference to the clinical effect of chemotherapy
Authors: Suto Akihiko , Kubota Tetsuro , Shimoyama Yutaka , Ishibiki Kyuya , Abe Osahiko 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTumor cells from 40 patients were tested by MTT assay. Five thousand to sixteen thousand tumor cells were plated into 96‐well microplates with various concentrations of anticancer agents. After incubation for 48 h, the absorbance of each well was detected with an EIA reader and the effects of the agents were evaluated as positive when the inhibition rate was equal to or more than 50%. Normal cells were also processed under the same conditions, and the absorbance for normal cells was lower than that of tumor cells with statistical significance (P < .05). The efficacy rates of MMC, 5‐FU, ADM, and CDDP were 16.7, 8.3, 13.9, and 5.6%, respectively. The overall accuracy of this assay for clinical effects was 83.3%, with one false‐positive and five true‐negative cases. This MTT assay was also assumed to be useful for in vitro chemosensitivity testing of fresh surgical specimens.
Management of nodal metastases from head and neck melanoma
Authors: Belli F. , Santinami M. , Rovini D. , Vaglini M. , Nava M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNinety‐three patients with nodal metastases from melanoma (stage II) located in the head and neck underwent surgery at the National Cancer Institute of Milan. Different surgical techniques were employed, ranging from radical to conservative treatment. Analysis of the data shows no significant difference from an oncological standpoint between radical and conservative surgery when a radical dissection is performed. Elective nodal dissections for malignant melanoma of the head and neck region, like those at other sites of lymphatic drainage such as the groin and axilla, did not prove beneficial. We do recommend parotidectomy in cases where the primary tumor arises in the superior area of the head. The number of nodes involved and the type of disease spread constitute the major prognostic factors, as in the case of melanomas located in other sites. Our data further indicate that the incidence of distant and local recurrence is not influenced by the type of dissection performed.
New intraoperative brachytherapy techniques for positive or close surgical margins
Authors: Nori D. , Harrison L. , Fass D. , Peretz T. , Donath D. , Fuks Z. , Bains M. , Hilaris B. S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTumors attached or adjacent to critical structures can often not be completely resected or resected with adequate surgical margins. Sites involving major blood vessels, the paravertebral spaces, or critical abdominal structures often present technical difficulties for standard brachytherapy procedures using 1‐125 or Ir‐192 implants. These techniques allow for a high‐dose delivery to the tumor bed with minimal normal tissue toxicity. A relatively simple and accurate method is described using 1‐125 seeds in Vicryl® suture threaded through Gelfoam®. These permanent implant procedures with radioactive 1‐125 seeds effectively treat small residual tumors or suspicious margins where standard brachytherapy techniques may be unsatisfactory and technically difficult to perform.
Metastatic sweat gland carcinoma: Response to 5‐fluorouracil infusion
Authors: Swanson John D. , Pazdur Richard , Sykes Elizabeth 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA 78‐year‐old white male presented with metastatic sweat gland carcinoma involving regional lymph nodes, pleura, pericardium, and chest wall. A complete response of three months duration was achieved by using a 96‐hour infusion of 5‐fluorouracil. This is the first report of a complete response to systemic chemotherapy in metastatic sweat gland carcinoma.
Non‐neurogenic soft tissue tumours of the axilla: Prospective review of 16 cases
Authors: Bell R. S. , Ready J. , Hudson A. , O'sullivan B. , Mahoney J. , Richards R. , Davis A. , Fornasier V. L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSixteen consecutive patients entered in a prospective study of non‐neurogenic soft tissue tumours had lesions in the axilla. Delayed diagnosis and inappropriate biopsy prior to referral to a surgical oncologist were frequent findings. Sarcoma and fibromatosis were diagnosed in 14 cases, and the approaches used for these two diseases were fundamentally different. The functional outcome with limb salvage surgery in these patients is presented.
Pre‐neoplastic changes in rat urothelium following portacaval anastomosis
Authors: Mori Katsutaka , Yamaguchi Yasuo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe development of pre‐neoplastic and neoplastic changes has been documented in the urinary tract of the rat after portacaval shunting (PCS) and has been attributed variously to circulating carcinogens, the development of bladder stones, or deficiency of vitamin A. Therefore, an investigation of the pathogenesis of bladder tumors after PCS was undertaken in 120 PCS and 120 sham‐operated male Sprague Dawley rats. Ten rats from each group were sacrificed at monthly intervals for 1 year after surgery. The incidence of calculus formation in the bladder increased from 20% at 2 months to 80% at 12 months after PCS. Hyperplastic mucosal changes occurred 3 months after surgery. After 5 months, distinct papillomas developed, and after 7 months, increasingly severe papillary changes and squamous metaplasia were evident. Interestingly, these urothelial changes were seen both in animals with and without bladder stones. Significantly decreased serum vitamin A levels were observed at 6 months (54.0 ± 8.8 IU/dl, n = 10) (P, 01), and 12 months (41.0 ± 7.9 IU/d1, n = 10) (P < .01), compared to those in sham‐operated controls of 126.0 ± 12.5 IU/dl (n = 10) and 122.7 ± 19.2 IU/dl (n = 10). In addition, PCS resulted in a significantly increased activity of urothelial ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), a marker of neoplastic changes, at 6 months (3.1 ± 0.4 nmoles CO2 in 60 min/mg protein, n = 5) (P < .05) and 12 months (8.1 ± 0.6 nmoles CO2 in 60 min/mg protein, n = 5) (P < .05), when compared to ODC activity in controls (0.9 ± 0.2 nmoles CO2 in 60 min/mg protein, n = 5). These data suggest that the development of urinary bladder tumor after PCS in the rat may be due to vitamin A deficiency rather than to bladder calculi or urinary carcinogens.
Late recurrence of stage I malignant melanoma
Authors: Gutman Mordechai , Klausner Joseph M. , Inbar Moshe , Rozin Ron R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAlthough the introduction of well‐established risk factors has made the clinical course and prognosis of malignant melanoma disease much more predictable, in a considerable number of patients the disease's course is still not as expected. One group to which this applies are stage I melanoma patients who develop metastatic disease after 10 years or more of a disease‐free interval. In our series of 94 such patients, 6 developed late relapse of their disease. The subsequent survival of these patients did not relate to any of the primary tumors' characteristics, but to the pattern of the late recurrence. Four patients with visceral metastases were dead within 1 to 5 years following relapse, one patient with lymph node involvement is alive with metastases, and another patient with skin metastases has no signs of disease following surgery and immunotherapy. Our conclusion is that malignant melanoma patients should be placed under close follow‐up for the rest of their lives.
Blood transfusion and the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer
Authors: Sugezawa Akira , Kaibara Nobuaki , Sumi Kenichi , Ohta Michio , Kimura Osamu , Nishidoi Hideaki , Koga Shigemasa 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA retrospective analysis was undertaken of the association between blood transfusion and long‐term results for 218 patients with stage III gastric cancer who were curatively treated by partial gastrectomy. One hundred and fifty‐two patients received blood transfusion within the perioperative period. The postoperative 5‐year survival rates were 49.3% for the transfused patients and 62.1% for the non‐transfused patients (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the postoperative survival of patients who had been transfused preoperatively was significantly lower than that of the non‐transfused patients. The preoperatively transfused group of patients were found to have tumors that were larger than those of the non‐transfused group. On the basis of the above data, it appears that the prognosis of patients with advanced gastric cancer is poorer when such patients receive preoperative blood transfusion than when patients do not receive transfusions, and that this adverse effect in the transfused patients is probably attributable to the larger size of their tumors, even though the stage of advancement of gastric cancer is the same in both groups of patients.
Intraoperative pancreatic biopsy—a diagnostic dilemma
Authors: Witz M. , Shkolnik Z. , Dinbar A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe intraoperative diagnostic dilemma of pancreatic cancer vs. chronic pancreatitis often remains unresolved. In the literature, diagnosis based on intraoperative pancreatic biopsy is a matter of controversy. Our study comprised 70 patients with a suspected space occupying pancreatic process who were operated on with the primary goal of arriving at a speedy and precise diagnosis, according to which the appropriate surgery for the specific patient would be performed. Frozen section showed that 44 patients had malignancy of the pancreas; in three patients, there was a false‐negative result. In four patients, the histological picture was consistent with chronic pancreatitis. In the remaining 19 patients, biopsy was not performed and the diagnosis was made on the basis of intraoperative inspection and palpation of pancreas. On reviewing the patients, we found that the surgical risk involved in biopsy is quite low and that a high price was paid for diagnosis by inspection and palpation alone. The risk vs. benefit aspect of intraoperative pancreatic biopsy is discussed.
Granular cell lesions in head and neck: A clinicopathological study
Authors: Fliss Dan M. , Puterman Marco , Zirkin Howard , Leiberman Alberto 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwenty‐five cases of granular cell lesions in the region of the head and neck are presented. The adult form (18 cases) was more frequent in women, and the most frequent sites were the tongue, the skin, and subcutaneous tissues, followed by the lip and buccal mucosa. One lesion occurred in the larynx. The congenital forms (7 cases) all occurred in female infants and involved the mucosa overlying either the anterior ridge of the maxilla or the mandible. Immunohistochemical studies revealed positive staining for S100 protein in all the granular cell tumors of the adult but in none of the congenital granular cell epulides. Embryonic antigen was present in the cells of all the congenital cases and in three‐quarters of the adult cases. The significance of the histological and immunohistochemical findings is discussed. We conclude that the congenital and adult lesions are similar morphologically but are not necessarily of similar histogenesis. The findings with respect to S100 protein favor a neural (Schwann cell) origin of the adult granular cell tumor, but not the congenital form.
Results of surgical treatment in 6,123 cases of carcinoma of the esophagus and gastric cardia
Authors: Shao Lingfang , Gao Zongren , Yang Naipu , Wei Gongquan , Wang Yuandong , Cheng Chaopeng 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSix thousand one hundred twenty‐three cases of carcinoma of the esophagus and gastric cardia were treated surgically from 1965 to 1985. Overall resectability was 89.9%. Postoperative mortality was 3%, and incidence of postoperative complication, 10.3%. Follow‐up rate was 91.3%, with 5 year survival of 36.8% (esophageal nearly twice that of gastric cardia), and 10 year survival of 17.2%. Factors affecting long‐term survival were clinicopathologic staging and preoperative irradiation. Early discovery and timely treatment are the key to high resectability and improved longterm survival. More efficacious combined therapies are needed for the predominant late cases. We propose more radical resection because of the multifocal tendency of esophageal and extensive submucosal infiltration of cardia carcinoma. Continuing refinements of surgical technique helped to reduce postoperative leakage and structure.
Species differences in substrate specificity of pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase
Authors: Maehara Yoshihiko , Sakaguchi Yoshihisa , Kusumoto Tetsuya , Kusumoto Hiroki , Sugimachi Keizo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTo compare the activity of pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP), an enzyme involved in the metabolism of 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU), we used uridine (Urd), deoxyuridine (dUrd), and thymidine (dThd) as substrates and human, rat, and mouse neoplastic and normal tissues. As PNP activity was higher in the tumor tissues than in the normal ones in all species examined, the level of PNP activity is expected to be one critical factor linked to the effectiveness of 5‐FU. In rats and mice, the ratio of the activities of Urd, dUrd, and dThd was about 10:7:1, whereas in humans, the ratio was 1:30:20. The main enzyme of PNP is Urd phosphorylase in rodents and dThd phosphorylase in humans. Therefore, when examining the metabolism of 5‐FU and its analogues for potential clinical application, human tissues should be used.
Histopathologic evaluation of survival time in patients with colorectal carcinoma
Authors: Adachi Yosuke , Mori Masaki , Kuroiwa Shigekazu , Sugimachi Keizo , Enjoji Munetomo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA histopathologic study was done on tissues from 117 patients with colorectal carcinoma, and we compared data on 57 patients who died of a recurrence within 2 years (group I) with 60 others who survived for over 10 years (group II). All patients were surgically treated and followed for over 10 years. Particular attention was directed to the very advancing margin of the tumor, and we examined invading modes of sprouting tumor cells, reactive fibrosis, and inflammatory infiltration around the tumor, in addition to the other clinicopathologic features. In group II, extensive sprouting of individual tumor cells occurred less often, and intense reactive fibrosis and marked inflammatory infiltration around the tumor were more frequent than in group I in which conspicuous lymphatic and vascular permeations were often present. We propose that the invading mode of sprouting tumor cells and the presence or absence of reactive fibrosis and inflammatory infiltration at the advancing margin of the colorectal tumor are of prognostic value.
Hypercalcemia related to the poor prognosis of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus
Authors: Kuwano Hiroyuki , Baba Hideo , Matsuda Hiroyuki , Ohno Shinji , Mori Masaki , Kanematsu Takashi , Sugimachi Keizo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA review of 208 cases of surgically treated squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus revealed 16 (7.7%) with hypercalcemia. There was no evidence of bone metastases in 13 (6.3%) of the patients with hypercalcemia. Pathogenesis of this hypercalcemia without bone metastases was suggested to be multifactorial. Anastomotic leakage and malnutrition because of fasting were the most possible causes of mild hypercalcemia, and moderate to severe hypercalcemia was thought to be due to subclinical and clinical recurrence of the tumor, probably with PTH‐like hormonal activity. Overall survival rates in the groups with and without hypercalcemia were 18.2 and 61.7% at the 12th postoperative month and 9.1 and 37.8% at the 24th month, respectively. Thus hypercalcemia is a significant prognostic factor linked to an unfavorable clinical course even in patients with no evidence of bone metastases.
Cisplatin, bleomycin, and methotrexate (PBM) chemotherapy in locally advanced and metastatic head and neck cancer
Authors: Uziely B. , Peretz T. , Sulkes A. , Feigin E. , Isacson R. , Biran S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwenty‐two patients with locally advanced or metastatic head and neck tumors received a total of 84 courses of a combination of cisplatin, bleomycin, and Methotrexate (PBM) for a median of four courses per patient (range, 1‐7). Among these 22 patients there were four patients (18%) who achieved complete remission (CR) and 13 patients (60%) who had a partial remission (PR). The overall remission rate (CR + PR) thus reached 78%; five patients (22%) progressed while on therapy. The mean duration of objective response (CR + PR) was 8 months; CR lasted a median of 18 months (range, 2‐48). Survival was not influenced by tumor histology or by previous surgery. The presence of locoregional disease did adversely affect survival from the onset of chemotherapy (P = 0.1). The rate of survival was also affected by primary tumor site; patients with nasopharyngeal primaries survived longer than all other patients (22 vs. 11 months, P = 0.06). Toxicity to chemotherapy consisted mainly of nausea and vomiting and stomatitis. Three patients developed fever while leukopenic. One patient experienced irreversible renal damage, and another suffered from bleomycin‐induced pulmonary fibrosis. The high response rate obtained in our group of patients did not have a substantial impact on overall survival. Aggressive, multimodality approaches should be considered in the treatment of these patients when possible.
Observations on Indian node‐negative breast cancer patients: A multivariate analysis
Authors: Vyas J. J. , Desai P. B. , Sampat M. B. , Shinde S. R. , Rao D. N. , Sarkar Sudeep , Badwe Rajan , Tiwari J. , Koppikar A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe modern treatment of breast cancer has evolved over the past 100 years based on clinical observations. Therapeutic principles, from the choice of surgical procedure to the management of disseminated disease, have also changed. The axillary tumour burden, that is, the number of histologically positive nodes (N+) plays an important role as a prognostic factor. However, in histologically Negative nodes (N−), it is necessary to discriminate individuals at high risk despite negative nodes. This presentation analyses retrospectively the prognostic factors for long‐term failures in N− patients. These prognostic factors need to be studied in detail, and controlled clinical trials should be carried out to detect high risk N− patients and consider them for adjuvant chemotherapy.
Declining trend in cervical cancer incidence in Bombay, India (1964‐1985)
Authors: Yeole B. B. , Jayant K. , Jussawalla D. J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPopulation‐based incidence rates for cervical cancer in Bombay showed a decline over the past two decades. The observed rates fitted to a log linear regression model showed a good fit. In an attempt to explain the observed decline, cohort‐specific age incidence curves were drawn, cumulative incidence rates over common age ranges estimated, and the log linear model fitted separately for each of the religious groups that showed diverse age‐adjusted rates for cervical cancer. It was found that the decline could be explained as a cohort effect, indicating that it was due to an upward shift in age at marriage in the younger cohorts. Furthermore, a significant decline was observed in Hindus in whom the mean age at marriage has increased from 12 years in 1921‐1931 to about 17 years in the 1960s, but not in the Christians who even in 1911 had a mean age at marriage of 17 years. It appears that, in India, cervical cancer rates will continue to decline until 1995 after which it will stabilise unless there is a change in other risk factors.
Treatment of radiation side effects with oral pilocarpine
Authors: Schuller David E. , Stevens Philip , Clausen Kathryn P. , Olsen John , Gahbauer Reinhard , Martin Melanie 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRadiation therapy is commonly utilized either alone or in combination with surgery in the treatment of malignancies arising in the upper aerodigestive tract. Frequent post‐treatment sequelae include xerostomia, dysgeusia, and dysphagia. Numerous commercial products designed to decrease these symptoms have not been uniformly successful. This pilot study was designed to evaluate prospectively oral pilocarpine as a means of stimulating minor and major salivary gland flow to eradicate these radiation‐induced symptoms. The results of this pilot study support the hypothesis that the salivary glands are capable of responding to oral pilocarpine, and this therapeutic approach warrants further study.
Flow cytometric DNA content analysis in primary lung cancer: Comparison of results from fresh and paraffin‐embedded specimens
Authors: Isobe Hiroshi , Miyamoto Hiroshi , Inoue Kazuaki , Shimizu Mikio , Endo Takashi , Mizuno Shigetaka , Kawakami Yoshikazu 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTumor DNA content was determined by flow cytometry in 24 surgically resected specimens from patients with primary lung cancer to compare results from fresh and paraffin‐embedded specimens. We found a good correlation in DNA indices between fresh and paraffin‐embedded specimens (r =.978), although one tumor with DNA near‐diploidy was mistaken as DNA diploid in paraffin‐embedded specimens. In the measurements of paraffin‐embedded specimens, eight of 24 tumors were DNA multiploid and showed DNA content heterogeneity. These results indicate that DNA content analysis of paraffin‐embedded specimens is helpful because it makes it easy to analyze multiple specimens from different parts of the tumor.
In situ demonstration of immunological heterogeneity in vascular endothelial cells of renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Kinjo Tsutomu , Takashi Munehisa , Miyake Koji , Nagura Hiroshi 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPhenotypic characteristics of endothelial cells of blood vessels in renal cell carcinoma were studied immunohistochemically. Vascular endothelial cells in different compartments expressed surface antigens heterogenously. Sinusoidal capillary endothelial cells adjacent to carcinoma cells shared antigens with a monocyte/macrophage subset (OKM5 +, HLA‐DR +, interleukin‐1 +), but were only faintly positive or absent for factor VIII/von Willebrand factor antigen. Endothelial cells of larger vessels in fibrous septa were OKM5‐, HLA‐DR +, interleukin‐1 +, factor VIII/von Willebrand factor antigen+. Renal cell carcinoma cells expressed HLA‐DR and HLA‐ABC antigens. These findings suggest that renal cell carcinoma cells are surrounded by blood vessels containing effector cells for immune responses, and that they have a high‐potency response to immunopotentiators.