bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exosomes derived from Baicalin‐pretreated bone mesenchymal stem cells improve Th17/Treg imbalance after hepatic ischemia–reperfusion via FGF21 and the JAK2/STAT3 pathway
Authors: Zhang Baoyan , Su Linfeng , Chen Zhichao , Wu Min , Wei Jianfeng , Lin Yonghua 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBaicalin is an active compound extracted from Scutellaria baicalensis with antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory properties. Bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs)‐derived exosomes have shown promise for the treatment of hepatic ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury. This study aims to investigate the role of Baicalin‐pretreated BMSCs‐derived exosomes in hepatic I/R injury and its mechanisms. BMSCs were pretreated with or without Baicalin, and their exosomes (Ba‐Exo and Exo) were collected and characterized. These exosomes were administered to mice via tail vein injection. Treatment with Exo and Ba‐Exo significantly suppressed the elevation of ALT and AST induced by hepatic injury. Additionally, both Exo and Ba‐Exo treatments resulted in a reduction in the liver weight‐to‐body weight ratio. RT‐PCR results revealed a significant downregulation of pro‐inflammatory cytokines with Exo and Ba‐Exo treatment. Both Exo and Ba‐Exo treatment improved the Th17/Treg cell imbalance induced by I/R and reduced hepatic injury. Additionally, exosomes were cocultured with normal liver cells, and the expression of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) in liver cells was elevated through Ba‐Exo treatment. After treatment, the JAK2/STAT3 pathway was inhibited, and FOXO1 expression was upregulated. Finally, recombinant FGF21 was injected into mouse tail veins to assess its effects. Recombinant FGF21 injection further inhibited the JAK2/STAT3 pathway, increased FOXO1 expression, and improved the Th17/Treg cell imbalance. In conclusion, this study confirms the protective effects of Exo and Ba‐Exo against hepatic I/R injury. Ba‐Exo mitigates hepatic I/R injury, achieved through inducing FGF21 expression in liver cells, inhibiting the JAK2/STAT3 pathway, and activating FOXO1 expression. Therefore, baicalin pretreatment emerges as a promising strategy to enhance the therapeutic capability of BMSCs‐derived exosomes for hepatic I/R.
Assessment of the proteome profile of decellularized human amniotic membrane and its biocompatibility with umbilical cord‐derived mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Ahmed Kainat , Tauseef Haadia , Ainuddin Jahan Ara , Zafar Muneeza , Khan Irfan , Salim Asmat , Mirza Munazza Raza , Mohiuddin Omair Anwar 
Published: February 2024

AbstractExtracellular matrix‐based bio‐scaffolds are useful for tissue engineering as they retain the unique structural, mechanical, and physiological microenvironment of the tissue thus facilitating cellular attachment and matrix activities. However, considering its potential, a comprehensive understanding of the protein profile remains elusive. Herein, we evaluate the impact of decellularization on the human amniotic membrane (hAM) based on its proteome profile, physicochemical features, as well as the attachment, viability, and proliferation of umbilical cord‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUC‐MSC). Proteome profiles of decellularized hAM (D‐hAM) were compared with hAM, and gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis was performed. Proteomic data revealed that D‐hAM retained a total of 249 proteins, predominantly comprised of extracellular matrix proteins including collagens (collagen I, collagen IV, collagen VI, collagen VII, and collagen XII), proteoglycans (biglycan, decorin, lumican, mimecan, and versican), glycoproteins (dermatopontin, fibrinogen, fibrillin, laminin, and vitronectin), and growth factors including transforming growth factor beta (TGF‐β) and fibroblast growth factor (FGF) while eliminated most of the intracellular proteins. Scanning electron microscopy was used to analyze the epithelial and basal surfaces of D‐hAM. The D‐hAM displayed variability in fibril morphology and porosity as compared with hAM, showing loosely packed collagen fibers and prominent large pore areas on the basal side of D‐hAM. Both sides of D‐hAM supported the growth and proliferation of hUC‐MSC. Comparative investigations, however, demonstrated that the basal side of D‐hAM displayed higher hUC‐MSC proliferation than the epithelial side. These findings highlight the importance of understanding the micro‐environmental differences between the two sides of D‐hAM while optimizing cell‐based therapeutic applications.
Enhanced osteogenic and bactericidal performance of premixed calcium phosphate cement with photocrosslinked alginate thin film
Authors: Shu Xiulin , Liao Junda , Wang Qian , Wang Lingling , Shi Qingshan , Xie Xiaobao 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe increasing prevalence of implant‐associated infections (IAI) in orthopedics remains a public health challenge. Calcium phosphates (CaPs) are critical biomaterials in dental treatments and bone regeneration. It is highly desirable to endow CaPs with antibacterial properties. To achieve this purpose, we developed a photocrosslinked methacrylated alginate co‐calcium phosphate cement (PMA‐co‐PCPC) with antibacterial properties, using α‐tricalcium phosphate (α‐TCP) powders with 16% amorphous contents as solid phase, liquid phases containing CuCl2 and SrCl2 as an inhibitor, and CaCl2 as an activator to construct PCPC. When CaCl2 started to activate the hydration reaction, Sr2+ or Cu2+ ions were exchanged with Ca2+, and α‐TCP dissolution was restarted and gradually hydrated to form calcium‐deficient hydroxyapatite (CDHA). PMA was added to crosslink with Cu/Sr ions and form gel‐layer‐wrapped hydrated CDHA. This study explored the binding mechanism of PMA and PCPC and the ion release rule of Ca2+ → Sr2+/Cu2+, optimized the construction of several antibacterial PMA‐co‐PCPC materials, and analyzed the physical, chemical, and biological properties. Because of the combined effect of Cu and Sr ions, the scaffold exhibited a potential antibacterial activity, promoting bone formation and vascular regeneration. This work provides a basis for designing antibacterial calcium phosphate biomaterials with controllable treatment, which is an important characteristic for preventing IAI of biomaterials.
Effect of Age, Comedications, and CYP3A4/5 Polymorphisms on Perampanel Exposure in Chinese Pediatric Patients With Epilepsy
Authors: Wang Huijuan , Wang Junyan , Lin Bin , Zhang Huifen , Sun Yangyang , Wu Yuanyuan , Ye Weifeng , Miao Jing 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPerampanel (PER) is a new type of antiseizure medication used for partial or generalized seizures. However, the plasma concentration shows obvious individual variability in children. The present study aims to ascertain the effect of age, comedications, and cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4/5 polymorphisms on PER exposure in Chinese pediatric patients with epilepsy. Clinical data were retrospectively collected in a tertiary children's hospital medical records system from January 2021 to December 2022. The influence factors on the daily dose, plasma concentration, and concentration‐to‐dose ratio (CDR) of PER were investigated. A total of 135 pediatric patients with 178 blood samples were involved. With a median daily dose of 4.0 mg (interquartile range, 3.0‐5.0 mg), the median plasma concentration was 409.4 ng/mL (interquartile range, 251.7‐639.4 ng/mL). The CDR in patients aged less than 4 years was significantly decreased by 48.0% and 39.1% compared with those aged 4‐11 years and 12 years or older, respectively. Enzyme inducers significantly decreased the CDR of PER by 34.5%, while valproic acid showed an increase of 71.7%. In addition, genotype CYP3A5*3/*3 carriers presented a significant increase of 21.5% compared to the CYP3A5*1/*3 expresser. No correlations were observed between the CDR and CYP3A4∗1G polymorphism. PER showed high variations in individual plasma concentrations. Age younger than 4 years, comedication with enzyme inducers or valproic acid, and possession of the CYP3A5*3 genotype potentially predicted PER exposure in pediatric patients with epilepsy.
Maximizing methyl red dye removal efficiency: a targeted parameter approach
Authors: Behera Uma Sankar , Poddar Sourav , Byun Hun‐Soo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDLiquid–liquid extraction plays a crucial role in the chemical industry for obtaining valuable products. This research focuses on optimizing key parameters, namely dye removal percentage, solvent capacity and distribution coefficient, in the liquid–liquid extraction of methyl red dye from its aqueous solution using benzene as the extractant. The study investigates the influence of key variables, including feed dye concentration (20–100) ppm, extraction time (10–30) min and dye solution‐to‐solvent ratio (1–3) mL mL−1. The experiments are conducted at a constant pH of 3 and controlled temperatures of 27 ± 2 °C.RESULTSBy strategically controlling various parameters, this investigation aims to achieve superior outcomes, surpassing prior achievements in similar experimental conditions. Utilizing the Box–Behnken design for optimization, the research attains a remarkable recovery efficiency of 84.61%. The achieved optimal values for dye removal, distribution coefficient and solvent capacity are (84.61 ± 5.07)%, 5.22 ± 0.31 and (5.17 ± 0.94) ppm, respectively, at a feed dye concentration of 20 ppm, an extraction time of 27.994 min and a dye solution‐to‐solvent ratio of 3 mL mL−1.CONCLUSIONThese findings underscore the potential for maximizing methyl red dye extraction efficiency and surpass previously reported efficiency levels using the presented parameters with the same input data. The study contributes to advancements in liquid–liquid extraction technology and provides a deeper understanding of the optimization process with technical precision. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Apelin‐13 alleviates osteoclast formation and osteolysis through Nrf2‐pyroptosis pathway
Authors: Yin Zhaoyang , Cheng Qinghua , Wang Chao , Hu Qin , Yin Jian , Wang Bin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWear particle‐induced periprosthetic osteolysis is the key to aseptic loosening after artificial joint replacement. Osteoclastogenesis plays a central role in this process. Apelin‐13 is a member of the adipokine family with anti‐inflammatory effects. Here, we report that apelin‐13 alleviates RANKL‐mediated osteoclast differentiation and titanium particle‐induced osteolysis in mouse calvaria. Mechanistically, apelin‐13 inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome‐mediated pyroptosis by activating the nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway. In summary, apelin‐13 is expected to be a potential drug for relieving aseptic osteolysis.Research Highlights
This study reveals the molecular mechanism by which apelin‐13 inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis by promoting Nrf2.
This study confirms that apelin‐13 alleviates osteoclast activation by inhibiting pyroptosis.
In vivo studies further confirmed that apelin‐13 alleviated mouse skull osteolysis by inhibiting the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome.
What next for “counseling” in genetic counseling training: A co‐production workshop exploring how CBT and ACT approaches can contribute to the genetic counseling toolkit
Authors: Davies Rachel , Price Tate Rachel , Taverner Nicola V. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCounseling techniques are an important part of genetic counseling, and teaching of the humanistic person‐centered philosophy has been central to genetic counselor (GC) training. However, other psychotherapeutic approaches, especially cognitive approaches, may also be beneficial for the GC to have in their toolkit. This paper reports on a co‐production workshop with newly qualified GCs where the potential for adopting more cognitive approaches informed by cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) was explored. Attendees were taught about the approaches and the rationale for their use in genetic counseling and had a chance to discuss their reactions and ideas for application. The attendees saw great potential for the approaches within their practice, feeling that these short interventions can have a wide impact, including engaging patients who do not want to discuss feelings, helping people to make sense of information (not just gain knowledge), and helping people to change the relationship they have with their thoughts. They were able to identify when they already use some cognitive approaches in their practice, and to see how they could build on this to provide better patient care. The paper advocates for an introduction to CBT and ACT to be incorporated into pre‐qualification training, and for more advanced training to be available to post‐qualification GCs.
Zebrafish in understanding molecular pathophysiology, disease modeling, and developing effective treatments for Rett syndrome
Authors: Pramanik Subrata , Bala Asis , Pradhan Ajay 
Published: February 2024

AbstractRett syndrome (RTT) is a rare but dreadful X‐linked genetic disease that mainly affects young girls. It is a neurological disease that affects nerve cell development and function, resulting in severe motor and intellectual disabilities. To date, no cure is available for treating this disease. In 90% of the cases, RTT is caused by a mutation in methyl‐CpG‐binding protein 2 (MECP2), a transcription factor involved in the repression and activation of transcription. MECP2 is known to regulate several target genes and is involved in different physiological functions. Mouse models exhibit a broad range of phenotypes in recapitulating human RTT symptoms; however, understanding the disease mechanisms remains incomplete, and many potential RTT treatments developed in mouse models have not shown translational effectiveness in human trials. Recent data hint that the zebrafish model emulates similar disrupted neurological functions following mutation of the mecp2 gene. This suggests that zebrafish can be used to understand the onset and progression of RTT pathophysiology and develop a possible cure. In this review, we elaborate on the molecular basis of RTT pathophysiology in humans and model organisms, including rodents and zebrafish, focusing on the zebrafish model to understand the molecular pathophysiology and the development of therapeutic strategies for RTT. Finally, we propose a rational treatment strategy, including antisense oligonucleotides, small interfering RNA technology and induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived cell therapy.
Bone marrow‐restricted aberrant myeloperoxidase expression in B‐acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A diagnostic dilemma and mimicry of mixed phenotype acute leukemia
Authors: Wang Wei J. , Gehris Brandon T. , Rivera Daniel , Ak Sibel , Feng David , Wang Wei , Hu Zhihong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMyeloperoxidase (MPO) is the most specific marker of the myeloid lineage, essential for diagnosing acute myeloid leukemia and mixed phenotype acute leukemia with myeloid components. In this regard, we present a unique case of B‐acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B‐ALL) with isolated MPO expression in bone marrow blasts detected by flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry, while peripheral blood blasts were negative for MPO expression. In this report, our discussion encompasses diagnostic pitfalls from a laboratory testing perspective in similar cases and includes a literature review. Furthermore, we emphasize the necessity of conducting a comprehensive analysis for the accurate diagnosis of MPO‐positive B‐ALL cases.
The development of a conceptual framework on PrEP stigma among adolescent girls and young women in sub‐Saharan Africa
Authors: Hartmann Miriam , Nyblade Laura , Otticha Sophie , Marton Tozoe , Agot Kawango , Roberts Sarah T. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntroductionStigma is a well‐known barrier to HIV testing and treatment and is an emerging barrier to pre‐exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use. To guide future research, measurement and interventions, we developed a conceptual framework for PrEP stigma among adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) in sub‐Saharan Africa, a priority population for PrEP.MethodsA literature review, expert consultations and focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted to adapt the Health Stigma and Discrimination Framework, describing the stigmatization process nested within the socio‐ecological framework. We reviewed all articles on PrEP stigma and on HIV, contraceptive or sexuality stigma among AGYW from 2009 to 2019. Expert consultations were conducted with 10 stigma or PrEP researchers and two Kenyan youth advisory boards to revise the framework. Finally, FGDs were conducted with AGYW PrEP users (4 FGDs; n = 20) and key influencers (14 FGDs; n = 72) in Kenya with the help of a Youth Research Team who aided in FGD conduct and results interpretation. Results from each phase were reviewed and the framework was updated to incorporate new and divergent findings. This was validated against an updated literature search from 2020 to 2023.ResultsThe conceptual framework identifies potential drivers, facilitators and manifestations of PrEP stigma, its outcomes and health impacts, and relevant intersecting stigmas. The main findings include: (1) PrEP stigma is driven by HIV, gender and sexuality stigmas, and low PrEP community awareness. (2) Stigma is facilitated by factors at multiple levels: policy (e.g. targeting of PrEP to high‐risk populations), health systems (e.g. youth‐friendly service availability), community (e.g. social capital) and individual (e.g. empowerment). (3) Similar to other stigmas, manifestations include labelling, violence and shame. (4) PrEP stigma results in decreased access to and acceptability of PrEP, limited social support and community resistance, which can impact mental health and decrease PrEP uptake and adherence. (5) Stigma may engender resilience by motivating AGYW to think of PrEP as an exercise in personal agency.ConclusionsOur PrEP stigma conceptual framework highlights potential intervention targets at multiple levels in the stigmatization process. Its adoption would enable researchers to develop standardized measures and compare stigma across timepoints and populations as well as design and evaluate interventions.
Non‐targeted metabolomic analysis reveals the mechanism of quality formation of citrus flower‐green tea
Authors: Yang Hui , Shen Lan , Li Yuren , Wu Shenqun , Zhang Xiaoyu , Yang Xiaoping 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundCitrus flower‐green tea (CT) is a scented tea processed from green tea (GT) and fresh citrus flower, which is favored by consumers due to its potential health benefits and unique citrus flavor. This study evaluated the quality of CT and revealed the mechanism of its quality formation.ResultsThe CT had a significant citrus flavor and a good antioxidant activity, and its sensory quality was superior to that of GT. Headspace solid‐phase microextraction‐gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (HS‐SPME‐GC–MS) analysis revealed that the scenting process resulted in a significant increase of alkenes such as β‐pinene, trans‐β‐ocimene, α‐farnesene, isoterpinolene, and γ‐terpinene, as well as a significant decrease of alcohols such as α‐terpineol, l‐menthol, and linalool in CT in comparison with GT. Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) analysis revealed that the levels of flavonoids (such as neohesperidin, hesperidin, tangeritin, hesperetin 5‐O‐glucoside, and nobiletin) and alkaloids (such as trigonelline and theobromine) in CT increased significantly after scenting process, while the levels of amino acids (such as valine and l‐phenylalanine) and organic acids (such as ascorbic acid) decreased significantly.ConclusionThese observations showed that the scenting process promoted the absorption of aroma from citrus flowers by GT and the changes in its non‐volatile metabolites, leading to the formation of citrus flavor quality in CT. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Intra‐ and Interimage Reliability of Inter‐Rectus Distance Measurements Determined via Ultrasound Imaging by the Same or Different Testers in Women in the Early Postpartum Period
Authors: Jiang Qing , Gao Ya , Xia Shuyu , Gu Yuefan , Gu Jun , Guo Jianfeng , Feng Guannan , Deng Qifeng , Deng Xuedong 
Published: February 2024

ObjectivesNo consensus regarding the optimal position and location for the measurement of the inter‐rectus distance (IRD) via ultrasound (US) has been reached. By investigating the intra‐ and interimage reliability of IRD measurements taken in different positions and at different locations within and between testers, this study provides a theoretical basis for the current situation.MethodsThe IRD was measured via US in 46 women at 42–60 days after delivery at the superior margin of the umbilicus and 3 cm above, 5 cm above and 3 cm below the umbilicus while the women were in the supine, crunch and standing positions. In the interimage test, every participant was tested 2 times by Physician X and 1 time by Physician Y; in the intraimage test, the images collected by Physician X during the first test were saved in the machines, and two measurements were performed by Physician X and one measurement was performed by Physician Y. Paired t tests and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated.ResultsOnly the first IRD measurements by tester X and tester Y at 3 cm below the umbilicus in the crunch position were significantly different (9.56 ± 6.00 versus 11.00 ± 5.55) (P < .05). All the ICCs were greater than .75, and the intratester ICCs were greater than or equal to the corresponding intertester ICCs. The ICCs at 3 cm below the umbilicus were the smallest in the supine and crunch positions and the largest in the standing position due to the increased frequency of IRD values of 0. The ICCs for the crunch position were greatest according to the intraimage test but smallest according to the interimage test. The interimage ICCs between the two testers in the supine position at the superior margin, 3 cm above, 5 cm above, and 3 cm below the umbilicus were .972, .974, .975, and .956, respectively.ConclusionsUltrasound imaging (USI) is a reliable method for measuring the IRD in women in the early postpartum period. The dynamic measurement of the IRD at or above the umbilicus in the supine position by different testers in real time showed the highest reliability.