bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative analysis of paraspinal muscle imbalance between idiopathic scoliosis and congenital scoliosis from the transcriptome aspect
Authors: Wang Zhen , Zhao Junduo , Tan Haining , Jiao Yang , Chen Xin , Shen Jianxiong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies have analyzed paraspinal muscle imbalance in idiopathic scoliosis (IS) with methods including imaging, histology and electromyography. However, whether paraspinal muscle imbalance is the cause or the consequence of spinal deformities in IS remains unclear. Comparison of paraspinal muscle imbalance between IS and congenital scoliosis (CS) may shed some light on the causality of paraspinal muscle imbalance and IS. This study aimed to elucidate the generality and individuality of paraspinal muscle imbalance between IS and CS from gene expression.MethodsFive pairs of surgical‐treated IS and CS patients were matched. Bilateral paraspinal muscles at the apex were collected for transcriptome sequencing. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the convexity and concavity in both IS and CS were identified. Comparison of DEGs between IS and CS was conducted to discriminate IS‐specific DEGs from DEGs shared by both IS and CS. Bioinformatics analysis was performed. The top 10 hub genes in the protein–protein interaction (PPI) network of IS‐specific DEGs were validated by quantitative PCR (qPCR) in 10 pairs of IS and CS patients.ResultsA total of 370 DEGs were identified in IS, whereas 380 DEGs were identified in CS. Comparison of DEGs between IS and CS identified 59 DEGs shared by IS and CS, along with 311 DEGs specific for IS. These IS‐specific DEGs were enriched in response to external stimulus and signaling receptor binding in GO terms and calcium signaling pathway in KEGG pathways. The top 10 hub genes in the PPI network of IS‐specific DEGs include BDKRB1, PRH1‐TAS2R14, CNR2, NPY4R, HTR1E, CXCL3, ICAM1, ALB, ADIPOQ, and GCGR. Among these hub genes, the asymmetrical expression of PRH1‐TAS2R14 and ADIPOQ in IS but not CS were validated by qPCR.ConclusionsTranscriptomic differences in bilateral paraspinal muscles between the convexity and concavity in IS share few similarities with those in CS.
Extrapolation to mixed Herz spaces and its applications
Authors: Wei Mingquan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we extend the extrapolation theory to mixed Herz spaces and . To prove the main result, we first study the dual spaces of mixed Herz spaces, and then give the boundedness of the Hardy–Littlewood maximal operator on mixed Herz spaces. By using the extrapolation theorems, we obtain the boundedness of many integral operators on mixed Herz spaces. We also give a new characterization of via the boundedness of commutators of some operators on mixed Herz spaces.
Global existence for nonlocal quasilinear diffusion systems in nonisotropic nondivergence form
Authors: Lo Catharine W. K. , Rodrigues José Francisco 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe consider the quasilinear diffusion problem of
for an open set , , for , and any . Here, denotes an operator which may involve the distributional Riesz fractional gradient of order , with , the classical gradient or/and nonlocal derivatives , with . We show global existence results for various quasilinear diffusion systems in nondivergence form for linear elliptic operators , including classical elliptic systems, anisotropic fractional equations and systems, and anisotropic local and nonlocal operators of the following type:
for coercive, invertible matrices and suitable vectorial functions .
Rare Missense Variants in KCNJ10 Are Associated with Paroxysmal Kinesigenic Dyskinesia
Authors: Wirth Thomas , Roze Emmanuel , Delvallée Clarisse , Trouillard Oriane , Drouot Nathalie , Damier Philippe , Boulay Clotilde , Bourgninaud Marine , Jegatheesan Prasanthi , Sangare Aude , Forlani Sylvie , Gaymard Bertrand , Hervochon Remi , Navarro Vincent , Calmels Nadège , Schalk Audrey , Tranchant Christine , Piton Amélie , Méneret Aurélie , Anheim Mathieu 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundAlthough the group of paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia (PKD) genes is expanding, the molecular cause remains elusive in more than 50% of cases.ObjectiveThe aim is to identify the missing genetic causes of PKD.MethodsPhenotypic characterization, whole exome sequencing and association test were performed among 53 PKD cases.ResultsWe identified four causative variants in KCNJ10, already associated with EAST syndrome (epilepsy, cerebellar ataxia, sensorineural hearing impairment and renal tubulopathy). Homozygous p.(Ile209Thr) variant was found in two brothers from a single autosomal recessive PKD family, whereas heterozygous p.(Cys294Tyr) and p.(Thr178Ile) variants were found in six patients from two autosomal dominant PKD families. Heterozygous p.(Arg180His) variant was identified in one additional sporadic PKD case. Compared to the Genome Aggregation Database v2.1.1, our PKD cohort was significantly enriched in both rare heterozygous (odds ratio, 21.6; P = 9.7 × 10−8) and rare homozygous (odds ratio, 2047; P = 1.65 × 10−6) missense variants in KCNJ10.ConclusionsWe demonstrated that both rare monoallelic and biallelic missense variants in KCNJ10 are associated with PKD. © 2024 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
A 1.33–1.88 GHz microfluidically tunable filter with controllable coupling
Authors: Huang Weihang , Li Hongji , Xie Jieen , Chen Ruisen , Lin Jing‐Yu , Wong Sai‐Wai 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this article, a continuously microfluidically tunable filter using two microstrip resonators is proposed. By injecting different amount of water into the tubes, the resonant frequency as well as coupling intensity between two resonators can be controlled. As a result, the fractional bandwidth (FBW) of the proposed band can keep constant when tuning the frequency. As far as the authors know, most of the state‐of‐the‐art microfluidics tunable filters are discontinuous, and the tuning range is limited. In this article, the wide tuning capacity of the frequency is realized by placing some tubes between the microstrip resonators and the ground. By increasing or decreasing the amount of water in the pipes, the local dielectric constant and the equivalent electrical length of the transmission line are changed simultaneously. Therefore, it plays a key role in resonant frequency tuning. In the other hand, the coupling coefficient can be controlled by injecting the amount of water into the tube between the two resonators. Finally, through the analysis of computer simulation technology simulation and measurement, it can be seen that the tuning range of resonant frequency is up to 41.3%, with the central frequency varying from 1.33 to 1.88 GHz. The insertion loss is less than 3.09 dB and the return loss is higher than 15 dB, while the FBW is 3.4% ± 0.2%. The measurement matches well with the simulation results, verifying the proposed design methodology.
2–26.5 GHz GaN ultra‐wideband amplifier with over 2 W output power
Authors: Dai Wei , Tang Bowen , Lu Junting , Feng Xiaodong , Xu Yuehang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA 2–26.5GHz broadband amplifier monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) based on the 0.15 μm GaN high electron mobility transistor process has been developed. The broadband amplifier adopts a two‐stage distributed amplifier cascade structure, which improves the gain of the broadband amplifier. Further, the capacitive coupling is used to improve the gain bandwidth product of the power amplifier. To improve the output return loss of the wideband amplifier, a tuning stub is introduced at the output of the circuit. The on‐wafer measurement results show that the amplifier has a gain greater than 18 dB, gain flatness less than ±1.4 dB, and saturated output power >35 dBm with a >13% power added efficiency in the whole band.
Adjustable anomalous hollow vortex beam and its properties
Authors: Guo Xu , Song Yansong , Dong Keyan , Zhang Lei 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA new beam named adjustable anomalous hollow vortex beam (AAHVB) is proposed, and the expressions of an AAHVB in uniaxial crystal are derived. The evolutions of intensity distributions of an AAHVB in free space and uniaxial crystal are investigated. The relationships between intensity distributions with beam parameters, uniaxial crystal, and distance are analyzed in detail. It is found that intensity distributions of an AAHVB in uniaxial crystal can be manipulated by setting source parameters , , , , and .
Comparisons of donor stray percentages between hatchery- and natural-origin Chinook Salmon and steelhead in the upper Columbia watershed
Authors: Pearsons Todd N. , O'Connor Rolland R. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objective
Artificial propagation of Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus spp. is commonly used to achieve conservation and harvest goals. However, unintended effects of artificial propagation, such as high donor stray percentages, can reduce numbers of adults that return to target areas and also contribute spawners to different populations where they are undesirable. Until recently, it was difficult to assess if hatchery-origin fish stray rates were atypical because few estimates of stray rates of natural-origin fish were available. We sought to fill that gap by comparing donor stray percentages of hatchery- and natural-origin Chinook Salmon O. tshawytscha and steelhead O. mykiss from the same locations.

Methods
We used 29,885 last passive integrated transponder tag detections of adult fish to estimate and compare donor stray percentages of hatchery-origin and natural-origin Chinook Salmon and steelhead in the upper Columbia River watershed between 2002 and 2018.

Result
Donor stray percentages of hatchery-origin spring, summer, and fall Chinook Salmon and steelhead were &lt;0.3% at the upper Columbia basin scale and similar to natural-origin donor stray percentages. Only steelhead donor stray percentages were higher for hatchery-origin adults at the subbasin scale than natural-origin counterparts and were &lt;22% for all taxa. The percentage of hatchery-origin steelhead and spring Chinook Salmon released in tributaries were detected at nontarget areas at higher percentages (&lt;63%) than natural-origin counterparts born in these tributaries. Returning hatchery-origin and natural-origin Chinook Salmon and steelhead generally strayed in an upstream direction in similar proportions. Juvenile spring Chinook Salmon that were moved 14–391 km from centralized hatcheries to tributaries for overwintering or final acclimation strayed at a much higher rate than those that completed their incubation, rearing, and acclimation at a single location, but this did not occur with steelhead. Other adaptive management actions that were implemented to reduce straying produced mixed results. A high proportion of stray hatchery-origin spring Chinook Salmon initially homed to tributary weirs.

Conclusion
Donor stray percentages of hatchery-origin Chinook Salmon and steelhead were generally not higher than natural-origin donor stray percentages at larger spatial scales (e.g., upper Columbia basin and subbasin) but were higher at smaller spatial scales (e.g., tributaries). A variety of approaches can be considered to reduce undesirable production of strays, but most of them involve difficult management trade-offs.
Origin of yield gains in maize hybrids
Authors: Tranel Elizabeth 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIncreasing grain yields in maize (Zea mays L.) have been widely witnessed over the lifespan of many aging farmers. This paper aims to capture and summarize the overlapping explanations for the significant increases in maize yields. Changes in management practices have resulted in higher planting densities; however, genetic alterations allowed for maize varieties to tolerate increased stress levels. Increased stress levels, such as light availability, prompted genetic changes to leaf area index, radiation use efficiency, and leaf angles. The narrowing of the anthesis–silking interval is more significant in maize planted in higher densities. Stress factors affecting maize grain yields can be managed by both management changes such as water or pesticide application, and breeding modifications, such as genetic resistance to abiotic, temperature, or moisture, and biotic, pest, disease, and insect stressors. The increase in maize grain yields over the past century can be attributed to a combination of achievements in crop breeding and alternations of management practices.
Hypomineralization disorder in tropical Southeast Asia during the agricultural revolution: Analysis of morbidity and mortality
Authors: Vlok Melandri , Oxenham Marc , McFadden Clare , Domett Kate , Trinh Hiep Hoang , Minh Tran Thi , Huong Nguyen Thi Mai , Matsumura Hirofumi , Buckley Hallie 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis paper presents evidence for hypomineralization disorders (rickets and osteomalacia) in non‐adults at Man Bac, a Neolithic site from northern Vietnam dated to 4000–3500BP, contributing to the well‐described disease burden at the site that includes scurvy, treponemal disease, thalassemia, and malaria. Forty‐four non‐adults (<20 years of age‐at‐death) were assessed for macroscopic and radiographic evidence for hypomineralization disorders. Differential diagnosis was completed using traditional methods and three‐level standardized criteria to combat the challenges of overlapping pathological features between hypomineralization disorder and the other diseases already diagnosed at the site. In addition, a diagnostic certainty approach was applied to investigate the impact of lesion ambiguity on our findings. Kaplan–Meier and Fishers exact tests were applied to assess age‐at‐death‐related epidemiological patterns of hypomineralization disorder and co‐morbid relationships with scurvy, thalassemia, and treponemal disease. Almost 50% of the non‐adult assemblage presented with evidence for hypomineralization disorder, which was associated with decreased survivorship in childhood. Potential epidemiological relationships between scurvy and hypomineralization disorders, and thalassemia and hypomineralization disorders are described. The former relationship may be due to the likelihood of the introduction of rice resulting in multi‐micronutrient deficiency, including vitamin C and calcium deficiency, and cultural attitudes to sunlight. The latter relationship may relate to the pathophysiology of thalassemia that can result in secondary osteomalacia possibly contributing to the development of hypomineralization disorder in the thalassemic non‐adults. The findings are significant as they present possible approaches for diagnosis of disease embedded within complex disease burdens where individuals are likely suffering from co‐morbidities.
A framework for contextualizing social‐ecological biases in contributory science data
Authors: Carlen Elizabeth J. , Estien Cesar O. , Caspi Tal , Perkins Deja , Goldstein Benjamin R. , Kreling Samantha E. S. , Hentati Yasmine , Williams Tyus D. , Stanton Lauren A. , Des Roches Simone , Johnson Rebecca F. , Young Alison N. , Cooper Caren B. , Schell Christopher J. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Contributory science—including citizen and community science—allows scientists to leverage participant‐generated data while providing an opportunity for engaging with local community members. Data yielded by participant‐generated biodiversity platforms allow professional scientists to answer ecological and evolutionary questions across both geographic and temporal scales, which is incredibly valuable for conservation efforts.

The data reported to contributory biodiversity platforms, such as eBird and iNaturalist, can be driven by social and ecological variables, leading to biased data. Though empirical work has highlighted the biases in contributory data, little work has articulated how biases arise in contributory data and the societal consequences of these biases.

We present a conceptual framework illustrating how social and ecological variables create bias in contributory science data. In this framework, we present four filters—participation, detectability, sampling and preference—that ultimately shape the type and location of contributory biodiversity data. We leverage this framework to examine data from the largest contributory science platforms—eBird and iNaturalist—in St. Louis, Missouri, the United States, and discuss the potential consequences of biased data.

Lastly, we conclude by providing several recommendations for researchers and institutions to move towards a more inclusive field. With these recommendations, we provide opportunities to ameliorate biases in contributory data and an opportunity to practice equitable biodiversity conservation.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Global status and trends in hepatitis B virus DNA mutation research from 2003 to 2022: A comprehensive bibliometric view
Authors: Li Ming , Xu Xiaoming , Liu Yong , Mao Minxin , Geng Yu , Yin Shengxia , Tong Xin , Wu Chao , Li Jie 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimsHepatitis B virus (HBV) is an enveloped DNA virus belonging to the Hepadnaviridae family. It is a significant contributor to the prevalence of chronic liver disease on a global scale. Mutations in HBV DNA can affect the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of patients with chronic hepatitis B. Although numerous studies on HBV DNA mutations have been conducted, few bibliometric studies have been performed to date. This study aimed to analyze changes in scientific output to gain a better understanding of the current research status and identify potential new research directions in the field of HBV DNA mutation.MethodsRelevant studies published between 2003 and 2022 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection database. CiteSpace version 6.1.R6 was used to construct network maps to evaluate collaborations among countries, institutions, authors, journals, and keywords.ResultsIn total, 1508 publications over the past 20 years were obtained, mainly from China, the United States, and Japan. The major research institutions in China included the University of Hong Kong, Fudan University, and Peking University. Lai Ching Lung was the most productive author, whereas Anna Suk‐Fong Lok was the most frequently co‐cited author. The keyword “HBsAg” was the strongest burst keyword in recent years, indicating possible future study trends.ConclusionsThis bibliometric analysis intuitively revealed the overall research status of HBV DNA mutations, providing valuable information for researchers, funding agencies, and policymakers to explore the current research status, research hotspots, and new directions for future research.
Does fungal infection increase the palatability of oilseed rape to insects?
Authors: Jindřichová Barbora , Rubil Nikoleta , Rezek Jan , Ourry Morgane , Hauser Thure Pavlo , Burketová Lenka 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDMultiple and simultaneous attacks by pathogens and insect pests frequently occur in nature. Plants respond to biotic stresses by activating distinct defense mechanisms, but little is known about how plants cope with multiple stresses. The focus of this study was the combined interaction of fungal infection caused by Leptosphaeria maculans (synonym Plenodomus lingam) and arthropod infestation by the diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) in oilseed rape (Brassica napus). We hypothesized that infection by the fungal pathogen L. maculans could alter oilseed rape palatability to P. xylostella‐chewing caterpillars. Feeding preference tests were complemented with analyses of defense gene transcription, and levels of glucosinolates (GLSs) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in L. maculans‐inoculated and non‐inoculated (control) leaves to determine possible causes of larval choice.RESULTSCaterpillars preferred true leaves to cotyledons, hence true leaves were used for further experiments. True leaves inoculated with L. maculans were more palatable to caterpillars over control leaves during the early stage of infection at 3 days post inoculation (dpi), but this preference disappeared in the later stages of infection at 7 dpi. In parallel, genes involved in the salicylic acid and ethylene pathways were up‐regulated in L. maculans‐inoculated leaves at 3 and 7 dpi; L. maculans increased the level of total aliphatic GLSs, specifically glucobrassicanapin, and decreased the level of glucoiberin at 3 dpi and altered the content of specific VOCs. A group of 55 VOCs with the highest variability between treatments was identified.CONCLUSIONWe suggest that the P. xylostella preference for L. maculans‐inoculated leaves in the early stage of disease development could be caused by the underlying mechanisms leading to changes in metabolic composition. Further research should pinpoint the compounds responsible for driving larval preference and evaluate whether the behavior of the adult moths, i.e. the stage that makes the first choice regarding host plant selection in field conditions, correlates with our results on larval host acceptance. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Effects and safety of resveratrol supplementation in older adults: A comprehensive systematic review
Authors: Yadegar Sepideh , Mohammadi Fatemeh , Yadegar Amirhossein , Mohammadi Naeini Ali , Ayati Aryan , Milan Nesa , Tayebi Amirhossein , Seyedi Seyed Arsalan , Nabipoorashrafi Seyed Ali , Rabizadeh Soghra , Esteghamati Alireza , Nakhjavani Manouchehr 
Published: March 2024

AbstractResveratrol (RSV) has garnered significant attention in recent years due to its potential benefits against chronic diseases. However, its effects and safety in older adults have not been comprehensively studied. This study aimed to determine the effects and safety of RSV supplementation in older adults. MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were comprehensively searched for eligible studies. Studies were enrolled if they were randomized clinical trials and had incorporated RSV supplementation for older adults. Two independent authors conducted the literature search, and eligibility was determined according to the PICOS framework. Study details, intervention specifics, and relevant outcomes were collected during the data collection. The Cochrane RoB‐2 tool was used to evaluate the risk of bias. This review included 10 studies. The combination of RSV and exercise improved exercise adaptation and muscle function in healthy older adults and physical performance and mobility measures in individuals with functional limitations. RSV showed potential neuroprotective effects in patients with Alzheimer's disease. In overweight individuals, RSV demonstrated a positive impact on cognitive function, but it increased some biomarkers of cardiovascular disease risk at high doses. In older adults with diabetes and those with peripheral artery disease (PAD), RSV was not more effective than placebo. No study reported significant adverse events following RSV treatment. RSV can improve various health parameters in age‐related health conditions. However, the optimal dosage, long‐term effects, and potential interactions with medications still need to be investigated through well‐designed RCTs.