bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Redefining monosomy 5 by molecular cytogenetics in 23 patients with MDS/AML
Authors: Herry Angèle , Douet‐Guilbert Nathalie , Morel Frédéric , Bris Marie‐Josée Le , Braekeleer Marc De 
Published: March 2007

AbstractDeletion of the long arm of chromosome 5 [del(5q)] or loss of a whole chromosome 5 (−5) is a common finding, arising de novo in 10% of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) or acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and in 40% of patients with therapy‐related MDS or AML. We investigated by molecular cytogenetics 23 MDS/AML patients for whom conventional cytogenetics detected a monosomy 5. Monosomy 5 was redefined as unbalanced or balanced translocation and ring of chromosome 5. Loss of 5q material was identified in all 23 patients, but one. One copy of EGR1(5q31) or CSF1R(5q33–34) genes was lost in 22 of the 23 patients. Chromosome 5p material was a constant chromosomal component of derivative chromosomes or rings in all patients, but one. Sequential fluorescent in situ hybridization studies with whole chromosome paints and region‐specific probes, used as a complement to conventional cytogenetic analysis, allow a better interpretation of karyotypes in MDS/AML patients.
Purine catabolic enzymes and nitric oxide in patients with recurrent aphthous ulceration
Authors: Gurel A , Altinyazar HC , Unalacak M , Armutcu F , Koca R 
Published: March 2007

Objectives:  Recurrent aphthous ulceration (RAU) is one of the most common oral mucosal disorders found in humans. Although the exact etiology of RAU is unkown, local and systemic conditions, and genetic, immunologic, and infectious factors all have been identified as potential etiopathogenic agents. The aim of our study was to compare serum xanthine oxidase (XO) and adenosine deaminase (AD) activities, and malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) and uric acid (UA) levels in a group of patients affected by RAU and in a group of healthy controls.Subjects and methods:  A total of 26 patients with minor RAU were included in the study. Twenty‐six healthy volunteers were selected to form the control group. AD and XO activities, and UA, NO, and MDA levels were studied in the serum samples of all patients and controls.Results:  Serum XO and AD activities, and MDA, NO, and UA levels were significantly higher in RAU patients than in controls.Conclusion:  Increased XO and AD activities, NO and UA levels and lipid peroxidation were thought to take part in the pathogenesis of RAU. Hence the effects of XO inhibitors in the treatment of RAU should be evaluated in future studies.
A immunohistochemical study of the peripheral ameloblastoma
Authors: Kishino M , Murakami S , Yuki M , Iida S , Ogawa Y , Kogo M , Toyosawa S 
Published: March 2007

Aim:  Peripheral ameloblastoma (PA) is a rare variant of ameloblastoma occurring in the extraosseous region. With regard to the histogenesis of the tumor, two major sources of origin are considered: odontogenic epithelial remnants and the gingival epithelium. In this study, we examined the immunohistochemical profiles of cytokeratins (CKs) and Ki‐67 labeling index (LI) of PAs, and discuss the histogenesis and the biologic behavior of the PA.Materials and methods:  Eight cases of PA were retrieved from the pathology files of 212 cases of ameloblastoma that had been registered at our hospital. Immunohistochemical staining was performed in seven cases using monoclonal antibodies of six CKs (7, 8, 13, 14, 18, and 19) and Ki‐67.Results:  All cases of PA expressed CK13, 14, and 19. CK18 was positive staining in six cases, and CK8 in five cases. This staining pattern was similar to that in intraosseous ameloblastomas (IAs). The mean of Ki‐67 LI of PAs (1.91%) was significantly lower than that of IAs (4.82%) (P = 0.002).Conclusion:  We consider that the PA originates from odontogenic epithelial remnants rather than from the gingival epithelium, and the Ki‐67 LI of the tumor is a good prognostic indicator.
Halitosis and gastroesophageal reflux disease: a possible association
Authors: Moshkowitz M , Horowitz N , Leshno M , Halpern Z 
Published: March 2007

Objective:  Previous reports have suggested that gastrointestinal (GI) diseases may cause halitosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between upper GI conditions, especially gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and halitosis.Patients and methods:  One hundred and thirty two consecutive patients complaining of upper GI symptoms were included in the study. All the patients completed a validated questionnaire that was designed to characterize and measure the severity of their symptoms. The questionnaire also contained questions about awareness and severity of oral bad breath. Following the filling of the questionnaire, the patients were physically examined and subjected to an upper GI endoscopy.Results:  The final diagnosis among the 132 patients (M/F = 70/62, mean age 45.2 years, range 20–87 years) was GERD in 72 patients (55%), Functional dyspepsia in 52 (39%), Peptic ulcer in seven patients (5%) and gastric cancer in one patient (1%). Halitosis was significantly associated with the occurrence and severity of heartburn (P = 0.027), regurgitation (P = 0.002) sour taste (P < 0.001), belching (P = 0.001) and burburigmus (P = 0.006). Halitosis was not associated with upper abdominal pain, bloating, early satiety and chest pain. In relation to the final diagnosis, halitosis was significantly associated only with GERD (P = 0.002) but not with functional dyspepsia (P = 0.855) and peptic ulcer disease (0.765). No correlation was found between Helicobacter pylori infection status and halitosis occurrence and severity (analysis of variance F = 0.001, P = 0.977).Conclusions:  Halitosis is a frequent symptom of GERD and may be considered as an extra‐esophageal manifestation of GERD. On the other hand, we did not find an association between functional dyspepsia, peptic ulcer disease and H. pylori infection with halitosis occurrence or severity.
Histological and ultrastructural evaluation of bone around Bio‐Oss® particles in sinus augmentation
Authors: Orsini G , Scarano A , Degidi M , Caputi S , Iezzi G , Piattelli A 
Published: March 2007

Aim:  The aim of the present study was to evaluate histological and ultrastructural features of bone surrounding Bio‐Oss® particles retrieved, in the same patient, 20 months and 7 years after sinus augmentation.Materials and Methods:  A 54‐year patient who needed sinus elevation before implant rehabilitation participated in this study. Two bone cores at two different times were harvested from a Bio‐Oss® regenerated sinus and processed for examination under light and transmission electron microscopy.Results:  Under light microscopy, in the 20‐month specimen, most of the particles were surrounded by a thin layer of newly formed bone; in the 7‐year specimen there was mainly compact bone in direct contact with the particles. Under transmission electron microscopy, it was possible to characterize the bone–biomaterial interface; in the 20‐month specimen an electron‐dense layer was seen, whereas, almost no electron‐dense lines were seen at the interface in the 7‐year specimen.Conclusions:  Bio‐Oss® particles did not interfere with bone‐healing processes after sinus augmentation procedures and promoted new bone formation. This study can help clinicians to understand better the morphological characteristics of bone regeneration processes using Bio‐Oss® after 20 months and, most importantly, after a longer time of interaction with surrounding tissues.
Oral carriage of yeasts and coliforms in stroke sufferers: a prospective longitudinal study
Authors: Zhu HW , McMillan AS , McGrath C , Li LSW , Samaranayake LP 
Published: March 2007

Aim:  To investigate prospectively the qualitative and quantitative changes in oral carriage of yeasts and coliforms in southern Chinese people suffering from stroke.Materials and methods:  In 56 elderly people suffering from stroke in a rehabilitation unit of a general medical hospital in Hong Kong, oral microbiological sampling using a combined imprint culture, oral rinse approach and clinical assessment was made during the acute stroke phase, on hospital discharge and 6 months later.Results:  The oral carriage of yeasts increased significantly during acute stroke (P < 0.05), whereas coliform carriage did not. A reduction in oral carriage of yeasts was found on hospital discharge and 6 months later and in coliforms at the 6‐month assessment (P < 0.05). Candida albicans and Klebsiella pneumoniae were the predominant yeast and coliform respectively. Stroke‐related difficulty in tooth brushing and denture wearing were associated with higher oral yeast carriage (P < 0.05). We also report here for the first time that the use of aspirin was associated with lower oral yeast carriage in people suffering from stroke.Conclusion:  Oral yeast carriage was closely linked to the level of stroke‐related functional disability that improved over time but had not totally resolved 6 months after hospital discharge. The oral reservoir of yeasts and coliforms in people suffering from stroke is noteworthy by care providers as K. pneumoniae may cause aspiration pneumonia.
The mass function of high-redshift seed black holes
Authors: Lodato Giuseppe , Natarajan Priyamvada 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
In this Letter we derive the mass function of seed black holes that result from the central mass concentrated via disc accretion in collapsed haloes at redshift z ≈ 15. Using standard arguments including stability, we show that these pregalactic discs can assemble a significant mass concentration in the inner regions, providing fuel for the formation and initial growth of supermassive black holes. Assuming that these mass concentrations do result in central seed black holes, we determine the mass distribution of these seeds as a function of key halo properties. The seed mass distribution determined here turns out to be asymmetric and skewed to higher masses. Starting with these initial seeds, building up to 109 solar masses by z = 6 to power the bright quasars is not a problem in the standard Λ cold dark matter cosmogony. These seed black holes in gas-rich environments are likely to grow into the supermassive black holes at later times via mergers and accretion. Gas accretion on to these seeds at high redshift will produce miniquasars that likely play an important role in the reionization of the Universe. Some of these seed black holes, on the other hand, could be wandering in galaxy haloes as a consequence of frequent mergers, powering the off-nuclear ultra-luminous X-ray sources detected in nearby galaxies.
PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ANTIBODY AGAINST AFLATOXIN G1
Authors: CHU FUN S. , STEINERT B. W. , GAUR P. K. 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACTAntibody against aflatoxin G1 (AFG1) was obtained from rabbits after immunizing the animals with AFG1 hemiacetal (AFG2a) conjugated to bovine serum albumin. A direct heterogenous ELISA in which AFG2a was conjugated to horseradish peroxidase was used for monitoring the antibody titers and for toxin detection. Competitive ELISA assay revealed that the antibody was most specific for AFG2a and least for AFB2. The relative cross‐reactivity of this antiserum with aflatoxins G2a, G2, G1, M1, E1 and B2 was found to be 1, 7, 13, 47, 48, and 63, respectively. The lower detection limits for detection of AFG1 after derivatizing to AFG2a was around 15–25 pg per assay.
ATTACHMENT AND REMOVAL OF SALMONELLA SPP. ON MEAT AND POULTRY TISSUES
Authors: BENEDICT R. C. , SCHULTZ F. J. , JONES S. B. 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACTMuscle pieces from beef, pork, and chicken were exposed to Salmonella strains in various aqueous solutions to determine mechanisms of microbial attachment and release. Binding was measured by scanning electron microscopy and by bacteriological methods. Bacteria appear to attach preferentially to connective tissue fibers, rather than to myofibrils. Muscle fiber swelling and shrinkage during processing permits some microbial entrapment between muscle bundles. Mannose and salt solutions were examined as potential inhibitors of attachment or as removal agents. Mannose inhibited attachment slightly and isotonic saline rinses removed some attached cells, but either method effected only about a one log reduction (90%). Application of 41 rinsings only effected a 4 log reduction. The apparent variety of attachment mechanisms by Salmonella hinders complete removal from meat tissues by simple rinsing procedures.
OCCURRENCE OF CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS IN GROUND BEEF AND GROUND TURKEY EVALUATED BY THREE METHODS1
Authors: ALI MOHAMMAD S. , FUNG DANIEL Y. C. 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACT A rapid and effective method (Fung's Double‐tube method) for estimating low numbers of Clostridium perfringens from ground beef and ground turkey has been investigated and compared to Oxyrase Enzyme and Gas Pak Anaerobic System methods. C. perfringens was detected with one or more of the methods in 64 (54%) of 118 ground beef samples and 40 (73%) of 55 ground turkey samples. Fung's Double‐tube showed 94 (54%) out of 173, Oxyrase Enzyme 77 (45%) out of 173, and Gas Pak Anaerobic System 73 (42%) out of 173 ground beef and ground turkey samples to be positive for C. perfringens. Fung's doubletube showed significantly (p <0.05) higher number of samples positive for C. perfringens in these samples than other two methods. The results indicated a much higher occurrence of C. perfringens in ground turkey (73%) than in ground beef (54%). Furthermore in order to compare the efficiency of these methods in enumerating number of C. perfringens cells during storage, some samples were kept at room temperature (23°C) for 7 days. The number of C. perfringens increased from 44/g up to 1.3x109/g as enumerated by Fung's Double‐tube.
MICROBIOLOGICAL CONDITIONS OF SHEEP CARCASSES DURING THE SLAUGHTERING PROCESS
Authors: YALÇIN SUZAN , NIZAMLIOGLU MUSTAFA , GÜRBÜZ ÜMIT 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACT This study was undertaken to determine the microbiological quality of sheep carcasses during different stages in the slaughtering process. A total of eleven carcasses were selected at random in an abattoir. The samples were taken by excision from four different sites; leg, brisket, shoulder and neck. The samples were collected from the same carcasses at four different stages in the slaughtering process; after dressing, after evisceration, after washing and chilling. The aerobic mesophilic bacteria, coliforms and Enterobacteriaceae recovered from each sample were enumerated. Chilling reduced the aerobic mesophilic and coliform counts of carcasses, significantly. Levels of carcass microbial load after chilling were 1.69, 0.11 and 0.11 log cfu/cm2 for aerobic mesophilic counts, coliform counts and Enterobacteriaceae counts, respectively. According to data obtained in the present study, chilling of carcasses was the most important step in improving the hygienic quality of carcasses. Processing stages changed significantly both aerobic mesophilic and coliform counts of neck, therefore, among different sites of carcass, neck should be the only critical site for microbiological sampling for sheep carcasses.
Physical Health, Illicit Drug Use, and Demographic Characteristics in Rural Stimulant Users
Authors: Garrity Thomas F. , Leukefeld Carl G. , Carlson Robert G. , Falck Russel S. , Wang Jichuan , Booth Brenda M. 
Published: March 2007

ABSTRACT:
Context: There is growing concern about illicit rural stimulant use, especially regarding methamphetamine use and its health consequences. Purpose: The present study describes associations between aspects of stimulant use and illness experience in rural areas, with additional focus on the role of demographic characteristics in these associations. Methods: The research participants were 710 stimulant drug users who were recruited from rural areas of Arkansas, Kentucky, and Ohio using Heckathorn’s respondent‐driven sampling method. Health was measured by self‐reports of perceived health and extent of current, recent, and lifelong health problems. Drug use was measured with self‐reports of type and frequency of use. Findings: Several associations were found between drug use and illness, controlling for demographics. Stimulant use pattern related significantly with the sum of health problems in the previous 6 months and the sum of lifetime illness diagnoses, after adjustment for demographic factors. Extent of illicit drug use in the past month and self‐perceived drug and alcohol problems were associated with several measures of health. Conclusions: In this sample of stimulant users, methamphetamine use was associated with fewer recent medical problems than crack cocaine, combined crack and powder cocaine use, and use of all 3 of these stimulants. These results, across the 3 sites, suggest that prevalent assumptions about the methamphetamine “plague” and its negative health consequences must be viewed cautiously and examined with additional research.
Predicting Rural Practice Using Different Definitions to Classify Medical School Applicants as Having a Rural Upbringing
Authors: Owen John A. , Conaway Mark R. , Bailey Beth A. , Hayden Gregory F. 
Published: March 2007

ABSTRACT:
Purpose: This study determines the relationship between a medical school applicant’s rural background and the likelihood of rural practice using different definitions of rural background. Methods: Cohort study of 599 physicians who entered the University of Virginia School of Medicine in 1990‐1995 and graduated in 1994‐1999. The “rurality” of the applicants’ backgrounds was assessed by coding applicants’ high school, college, and permanent addresses using 4 definitions of rural. In addition, most physicians responded to a survey question “Did you grow up in a rural area?” The same 4 definitions of rural were used to assess the rurality of practice locations. Logistic regression models were used to predict the simultaneous effect of different definitions of rural background, gender, and applicants’ career preference at matriculation on the probability of practicing in rural areas. Findings: In univariate analyses, the high school, college, and permanent addresses were all predictive of rural practice using 1 or more definitions of rural. In the multivariate analysis, only the “grew up rural” self‐description was predictive of rural practice location using 3 of the definitions of rural. In a secondary analysis, the grew up rural self‐description and applicants’ career preferences at matriculation were predictors of rural practice. Conclusions: Readily available addresses were predictive of rural practice. In a multivariate analysis, physicians’ self‐description about having grown up in a rural area was the best predictor of rural practice. Recruiting more applicants who match this definition of rural background should increase the number of rural physicians.
Fatal Passenger Vehicle Crashes With At Least 1 Driver Younger Than 15 Years: A Fatality Analysis Reporting System Study
Authors: Frisch Larry , Plessinger Alexander 
Published: March 2007

ABSTRACT:
Context: A small number of fatalities continue to occur due to motor vehicle crashes on highways in which at least 1 passenger vehicle (automobile, van, or small truck) is driven by a child younger than 15 years. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to extend previous work suggesting that such crashes occur frequently in the Southern states and have relatively high rates in rural areas in the South and Great Plains. Methods: This study utilizes data for the 5‐year period 1999‐2003 from the National Highway Transportation Safety Administration’s online Fatality Analysis Reporting System. All cases were identified in which at least 1 conventional passenger vehicle in a fatal crash was being driven by a child younger than 15 years. Findings: During the 5‐year period, 350 fatal crashes occurred with at least 1 driver younger than 15 years involved. Twenty‐one of these drivers were licensed (11) or driving with a learner’s permit (10). A total of 987 individuals in 419 vehicles were involved in these crashes, and 402 deaths resulted (1.16 deaths/crash). These crashes occurred primarily in Texas, Florida, Arkansas, and Arizona, but the highest rates per 100,000 children were found in North and South Dakota and predominantly in a band of Intermountain and Plains states. There was a strong correlation between crash rates and several measures of rurality. Conclusions: Crashes involving young, largely unlicensed, drivers account for about 70 deaths yearly.
Rural Versus Suburban Primary Care Needs, Utilization, and Satisfaction With Telepsychiatric Consultation
Authors: Hilty Donald M. , Nesbitt Thomas S. , Kuenneth Christina A. , Cruz Grace M. , Hales Robert E. 
Published: March 2007

ABSTRACT:
Context and Purpose: Rural and suburban populations remain underserved in terms of psychiatric services but have not been compared directly in terms of using telepsychiatry. Methods: Patient demographics, reasons for consultation, diagnosis, and alternatives to telepsychiatric consultation were collected for 200 consecutive, first‐time telepsychiatric consultations at rural and suburban clinics. Findings: Rural patients were more likely than suburban patients to be younger than 18 years, using Medicaid, and needing treatment planning (lest they be referred out of the community). Rural patient and primary care physician satisfaction was higher than that of suburban counterparts. Conclusion: Telepsychiatry programs may enhance access, satisfaction, and quality of rural care.
Improving Work Environment Perceptions for Nurses Employed in a Rural Setting
Authors: Teasley Susan L. , Sexton Kathleen A. , Carroll Cathryn A. , Cox Karen S. , Riley Michele , Ferriell Kathleen 
Published: March 2007

ABSTRACT:
Context: Effective recruitment and retention of professional nurses is a survival strategy for health care facilities, especially in rural areas. Purpose: This study examines the use of the Individual Workload Perception Scale to measure nurse satisfaction by a small rural hospital in order to make positive changes in the work environment for nurses. Methods: Baseline work environment perceptions of nurses employed in a rural Kentucky hospital were assessed using the Individual Workload Perception Scale, a validated 38‐item instrument. Nurses reviewed the results and brainstormed on potential interventions to address areas of concern. The 4 interventions selected for implementation by the nursing staff included (1) implementation of a shared decision making or governance model; (2) enhanced role of licensed practical nurses within the organization; (3) augmentation of administrative support on night and weekend shifts; and (4) utilization of wireless communication devices. After implementation of the interventions, staff nurse perceptions were reassessed using the same tool. Findings: The follow‐up survey revealed improvements in all areas measured by the Individual Workload Perception Scale, with the greatest improvement in the perception of the work environment noted among night nurses. The increase in positive work environment perception among these nurses, with greater than or equal to 11 years of professional experience, was statistically significant. Conclusions: Tools exist to support the development and evaluation of interventions to improve the work environment for nurses practicing in rural health care settings. By addressing issues of specific concern, both job satisfaction and retention of this talented pool of professionals can be enhanced.