bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic structure of <i>Ehrlichia ruminantium</i> based on Multilocus Sequence Typing: particularities of strains from West-Africa
Authors: Biguezoton Abel S. , Adakal Hassane , Farougou Souaibou , Agbangla ClÃ©ment , Chevillon Christine 
Published: February 2024

Ehrlichia ruminantium is the tick-borne rickettsia causing heartwater to wild and domestic ruminants. Previously, Multilocus Sequence Typing of this pathogen (MLST) highlighted the co-circulation of two genotypic groups within nearby villages from Burkina Faso where vaccination assays had been previously recurrently performed. In the present study the laboratory strains that had been involved in vaccination assays, which evidenced their close relationships with strains that were later involved in local outbursts, were genotyped. Characterization of the bacterium genetic diversity was extended to four distant Beninese localities where no vaccination assays had ever been performed, through sampling of N=500 specimens of the local tick vector, Amblyomma variegatum. This led evidencing an even higher frequency of new multilocus MLST genotypes in Benin than in Burkina Faso, 93% of the Beninese genotypes included at least one new private allele (i.e., no detected elsewhere), while this was only the case of 80% bacteria genotypes sampled in Burkina Faso. Investigating the genetic structure of the bacterium across the Africa continent revealed a reduction of its diversity in the eastern and southern part of the continent relatively to West Africa. As the bacterial genetic diversity currently remains highest in West Africa than anywhere else in the continent, this area remains optimal for the development and/or testing of vaccines against heartwater.
Effect of two biocontrols on the accumulation of phenolic compounds and leaf pigments in sorghum [<i>Sorghum bicolor</i> (L.) Moench] leaves in northern Côte d'Ivoire
Authors: N'cho Achi Laurent , N'da Hugues Annicet , Yeo Gnenakan , Fondio Lassina 
Published: February 2024

The aim of this study was to find an alternative to chemical control by improving sorghum's natural defense system. The effect of two biocontrols, Vacciplant and Calliet, on phenolic compound and leaf pigment levels was evaluated. Vacciplant was prepared at concentrations of 0.675; 0.9; 1.125; 1.35 and 1.575 mg/mL, while Calliet was prepared at concentrations of 4 ; 8 ; 12 ; 16 and 20 mg/mL. After preparation, the biocontrol solutions were sprayed onto sorghum leaves 60 days old. Incubation times of 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours were observed after spraying. The sorghum leaves were then harvested and freeze-dried for quantification of total phenols and leaf pigments. Results showed that Vacciplant at a concentration of 1.125 mg/mL after 72 hours of incubation allowed to have the highest contents of total phenols (76.63 mg/g MF), while Calliet at concentration of 4.00 mg/mL after 24 hours of incubation allowed to have the highest contents of total phenols (67.28 mg/g MF). With regard to photosynthetic activity, the results also showed an increase in leaf pigment content following the application of biocontrols. The use of biocontrols could therefore be an interesting alternative to chemical control in sorghum.
Evaluation de l’aptitude à la levée sur divers substrats et effet de la fertilisation organo-minérale sur la croissance des plants de <i>Artemisia annua L</i> au Burkina Faso
Authors: Kihindo Adama Pascal , Badoua Badiel , Dondasse Edmond , Traore Ahmed , Zombre Gerard 
Published: February 2024

Artemisia annua L. est une plante annuelle d’origine chinoise cultivée principalement pour ses vertus antipaludiques. Cependant, la production de la biomasse est déficitaire par rapport à la demande nationale. La présente étude a été menée dans le but de déterminer les meilleures conditions de culture d’Artemisia annua L. pour la croissance des plants de l’espèce au Burkina Faso. Ainsi, différents traitements ont été appliqués sur les graines (ébouillantage), sur le substrat de culture (ébouillantage, ensoleillement) et le mode de semis. Les résultats obtenus ont montré que les graines non ébouillantées semées en ligne sur substrat ébouillanté ont donné un nombre maximum de levée des plants. Également, la biomasse et la hauteur moyenne des plantes obtenues avec le compost, le bokashi et le NPK étaient respectivement de 22,4 g et 95±0,11 cm ; 14,4 g et 100±0,11 cm ; 16,26 g et 93±0,11 cm montrant ainsi une meilleure production de biomasse foliaires avec le compost. Pour la transpiration, les résultats obtenus ont montré qu’en présence de compost, du NPK ou du bokashi, les plantes transpiraient le plus (soient 0,1kg d’eau perdue en moyenne par heure). Au regard de ces résultats, le semi de graines sur un substrat préalablement ébouillanté améliore la levée des plants et l’utilisation du compost améliore la croissance voire la production des feuilles des plants.

English title: Evaluation of the ability to emerge on various substrates and effect of organomineral fertilization of Artemisia annua L plants growth in Burkina Faso

Artemisia annua L. is an annual plant of Chinese origin cultivated mainly for its antimalarial properties. However, biomass production is insufficient to meet national demand. The present study was conducted to determine the best conditions for growing Artemisia annua L. plants in Burkina Faso. Thus, different treatments were applied to the seeds (scalding), the growing medium (scalding, sunlight) and the sowing method. The results obtained showed that non-scalded seeds sown in rows on scalded substrate gave a maximum number of seedling emergence. Also, the average biomass and height of plants obtained with compost, bokashi and NPK as substrates were 22.4 g and 95±0.11 cm ; 14.4 g and 100±0.11 cm ; 16.26 g and 93±0.11 cm, respectively, showing a better production of leaf biomass with compost. For transpiration, the results obtained showed that in the presence of compost, NPK or bokashi, the plants transpired the most (i.e. 0.1 kg of water lost on average per hour). In view of these results, semi-sowing seeds on a previously scalded substrate improves the emergence of the plants and the use of compost improves the growth and even the production of the leaves of the plants.
Caractérisation sensorielle de formulations de boissons lactées à base de lait de cajou et jus d’ananas
Authors: N'cho Carine , Soro Doudjo , Konan Ysidor N'Guessan , Koffi Ernest Kouadio 
Published: February 2024

Grâce à son importante composition en lipides, protéines, glucides et micronutriments, le lait de cajou dispose de potentialités nutritives à même de le valoriser comme alternatif au lait animal. Toutefois, à l’instar de nombreux laits alternatifs, les laits d’origine végétale ne présentent pas toujours des profils organoleptiques optimums pour leur vulgarisation auprès des consommateurs. La présente étude visait à appréhender l’appréciation hédonique et décrire des indicateurs sensoriels de quatre formulations (F1 à F4) de boisson lactée acidifiée à base de lait d’amande de cajou et de jus d’ananas, à partir de panels de dégustateurs et des échelles de notation sensorielle à 7 points. La formulation F4 constituée de 25% de lait d’amande de cajou et 75% de jus d’ananas a enregistré le meilleur score de préférence et était appréciée par 69,65% des panélistes dégustateurs. Cette formulation présente de plus grandes intensités de perception de quatre indicateurs sensoriels, notamment la coloration (4,75 ±1,13/7), fluidité (4,56 ±0,63/7), le goût ananas (5 ±1,15/7) et l’arôme ananas (5 ±1,21/7). En revanche, les formulations F1 à F3 présentent des intensités plus ou moins considérables pour d’autres descripteurs sensoriels tels que l’arôme de cajou, la sensation de craie en bouche, l’arrière-goût et le goût d’amande de cajou. Sur la base de ses caractéristiques sensorielles supérieures, la production de la formulation F4 pourrait représenter une voie appropriée pour la valorisation alimentaire des amandes de cajou.

English title: Investigation in sensory traits from beverage formulations based on cashew milk and pineapple juice
Because of its high lipid, protein, carbohydrate and micronutrient content, cashew milk has the nutritional potential to be a valuable alternative to animal milk. However, like many alternative milks, plant-based milks do not always have the optimal organoleptic profiles to be popularized by consumers. The aim of the present study was to assess the hedonic appreciation and describe the sensory indicators of four formulations (F1 to F4) of acidified milk drink based on cashew almond milk and pineapple juice, using taster panels and 7-point sensory rating scales. The F4 formulation, made up of 25% cashew almond milk and 75% pineapple juice, recorded the highest preference score, appreciated by 69.65% of panel tasters. This formulation showed higher perception intensities for four sensory indicators, notably color (4.75 ±1.13/7), fluidity (4.56 ±0.63/7), pineapple taste (5 ±1.15/7) and pineapple aroma (5 ±1.21/7). On the other hand, formulations F1 to F3 showed more or less considerable intensities for other sensory descriptors such as cashew aroma, chalky mouthfeel, aftertaste and cashew kernel taste. On the basis of its superior sensory characteristics, the production of the F4 formulation could represent a suitable route for the food valorization of cashew kernels.
Weight-length and total length-standard length factor relationships, and condition factor of the main fish species in Lake Maabo, Chad (Central Africa)
Authors: Brahim Abba Amba , Houndonogbo Pierre K. , Baglo Imacule Schadrac , Chikou Antoine , Laleye Philippe A. 
Published: February 2024

The fish communities of Lake Maabo are little studied despite the increasing fishing effort on this ecosystem. The present study aims to establish weight-length (Pt = a Lt b) and total length-standard length (LT = p + q LS) relationships, and to determine the condition factor of the main species of Lake Maabo. To this end, morphometric data were collected monthly between January 2016 and December 2019 from artisanal fisheries. A total of 4,891 specimens belonging to 25 commercial fish species were caught using various fishing gears andtechniques. The regression coefficient b ranged from 1.17 (Hydrocynus forskali) to 4.69 in (Ctenopoma kingsleyae). Two species showed positive allometric growth, 2 with isometric growth and 21 species with negative allometric growth. The total length-standard length relationship was positive and significant for all species (r2 between 0.666 and 0.999). Only Tetraodon lineatus had a condition factor within the range recommended for mature tropical freshwater fish. The condition factor ranged from 0.536±0.182 to 3.810±0.850, with an overall mean of 1.804±0.833. These results showed that fish in Lake Maabo are under increasing anthropogenic pressure. They show the need to study the population dynamics of the most exploited species in that Lake.
Etude du comportement électrochimique des flavonoïdes dans l’extrait à l’acétate d’éthyle de <i>Euphorbia hirta</i> L.
Authors: Karanga Yssouf , Tall Amidou , Bako Yibor Fabrice Roland , Ilboudo Ousmane , Tapsoba Issa 
Published: February 2024

Les extraits de plante sont des mélanges complexes de composés tels que les flavonoïdes dont l’identification nécessite des méthodes conventionnelles souvent sophistiquées et coûteuses. Il est donc nécessaire de développer des méthodes plus simples et abordables en termes de faible coût et de facilité de mise en œuvre pour l’identification de ces composés. Dans le présent travail, nous avons utilisé les méthodes électrochimiques pour étudier le comportement des flavonoïdes en vue de leur identification dans l’extrait d’acétate d’éthyle de Euphorbia hirta L par voltammétrie cyclique. Les voltamogrammes des standards de flavonoïdes ont révélé la présence de plusieurs pics d’oxydation irréversibles attribuables à l’oxydation des différents groupements hydroxyles présents sur l’aglycone. Il ressort de cette étude qu’il serait possible de mettre en évidence la différence entre des flavonoïdes glycosylés et non glycosylés. En effet, l’analyse électrochimique d’un extrait d’acétate d’éthyle de Euphorbia hirta L. et de différentes fractions obtenues à partir d’une chromatographie flash a permis de révéler la présence de la myricitrine, la quercétine, la quercitrine, le kaempférol et la lutéoline dans ces extraits. Les résultats de l’étude ont montré que la méthode électrochimique pourrait être utilisée pour l’identification des flavonoïdes dans les extraits de plantes.

English title: Electrochemical behavior of flavonoids from ethyl acetate extract of Euphorbia hirta L.
Plant extracts are complex mixtures of compounds such as flavonoids. Identifying these compounds requires conventional methods that are often sophisticated and expensive. It is therefore necessary to develop simples for identification of these compounds. In the present work, we used electrochemical methods to study the behavior of flavonoids for their identification in ethyl acetate extract of Euphorbia hirta L. The voltammograms of the flavonoid standards several irreversible oxidation peaks attributable to the oxidation of the various hydroxyl groups on the aglycone. This study shows that it would be possible to highlight the difference between glycosylated and non- glycosylated flavonoids using the electrochemical tool. Electrochemical analysis of an ethyl acetate extract of Euphorbia hirta L. and various fractions obtained by flash chromatography revealed the presence of myricitrin, quercetin, quercitrin, kaempferol and luteolin in these extracts. The study results showed that the electrochemical method could be used to identify flavonoids in plant extracts
Etude ethnopharmacologique des plantes médicinales utilisées dans le traitement traditionnel de parasitoses gastro-digestifs des aulacodes d’élevage dans quelques départements du Bénin
Authors: Sacramento Teniola Isabelle , Anani Parfait Yawo , Sangare Oumar Machioud , Dikpe Tresor , Kommy Basile , Ategbo Jean-Marc 
Published: February 2024

L’étude ethnopharmacologique a été réalisée sur les plantes à vertus anthelminthiques utilisées dans le traitement des problèmes gastro-intestinaux chez les aulacodes d’élevage. Cette étude avait pour objectif de répertorier ces plantes utilisées au sud et au centre Bénin. Pour cela, des enquêtes ont été menées dans 15 communes. Au total, 55 plantes ont été recensées avec des indications sur leur utilisation et parmi lesquelles Vernonia amygdalina (12%), Carica papaya (10,67%), Nauclea latifolia (8%), Azadirachta indica (5,33%), Eleas guineensis (5,33%) et Adansonia digitata (4%) ont été les espèces les plus citées. Les feuilles et les fruits étaient les plus sollicitées dans l’alimentation des aulacodes. Les modes d’utilisation et d’administration diffèraient d’un aulacodiculteur à un autre. Les familles les plus représentées étaient les Asteraceae (10,90%), Mimosaceae (9,09%), Euphorbiaceae (7,27%), Cesalpiniacea (5,45%), Rutaceae (5,45%), Bombacaceae (3,63%), Cucurbitaceae (3,63%), Meliaceae (3,63%), Papilionaceae (3,63%), Rubiaceae, (3,63%) et Vitaceae (3,63%). Les aulacodiculteurs utilisaient plus les feuilles (40%) et les fruits (37%) que la plante entière (8%), la tige (6%), les racines (5%) et les écorces (4%). Leurs propriétés antiparasitaires étaient induites par des composés chimiques qui devront être identifiés ultérieurement à travers les recherches phytochimiques.
English title: Ethnopharmacological study of medicinal plants used in the traditional treatment of gastro-digestive parasitoses of farmed grasscutter in some departments of Benin
The ethnopharmacological study was carried out on plants with anthelmintic properties used in the treatment of gastrointestinal problems in farmed grasscutter. This study aimed to list these plants used in southern and central Benin. For this, surveys were carried out in 13 municipalities. In total, 55 plants were identified with indications on their use and including Vernonia amygdalina (12%), Carica papaya (10.67%), Nauclea latifolia (8%), Azadirachta indica (5.33%), Eleas guineensis (5.33%) and Adansonia digitata (4%) were the most cited species. The leaves and fruits were the most used in the grasscutter diet. Methods of use and administration differed from one grasscutter farmer to another. The most represented families were Asteraceae (10.90%), Mimosaceae (9.09%), Euphorbiaceae (7.27%), Leg- Caes (5.45%), Rutaceae (5.45%), Bombacaceae (3.63%), Cucurbitaceae (3.63%), Meliaceae (3.63%), Papilionaceae (3.63%), Rubiaceae, (3.63%) and Vitaceae (3.63%). Grasscutters used the leaves (40%) and fruits (37%) more than the whole plant (8%), the stem (6%), the roots (5%) and the bark (4%). Their antiparasitic properties were induced by chemical compounds which will have to be identified later through phytochemical research.
Determination of Optimal Stock Portfolio Return by Single Index Model (Case Study on Banking Sector Stocks in Indonesia)
Authors: Rahmawati Septi , Susanti Dwi , Riaman Riaman 
Published: February 2024

The optimal portfolio is a portfolio chosen by investors from the many options available in the collection of efficient portfolios. To get the optimal proportion, which is the maximum return and minimum risk, it is necessary to analyze the stocks to be selected in the investment model. The research objective is to determine the optimal return, risk, and proportion for each banking stock portfolio in Indonesia in the period February - July 2023. The method used is the Single Index Model. The process of determining the optimal proportion of stocks with the Single Index Model requires stock and market return data as the main basis for applying this method. This study involves the formation of an optimal portfolio of daily closing prices of 46 banking stocks. As a result of this research, there are 5 optimal stocks that meet the criteria for optimal portfolio formation with each fund proportion of 21.43% (BNII), 13.52% (BDMN), 35.02% (BBRI), 23.69% (BTPN), and 6.34% (BBCA). Expected return from optimal stocks is 0.152% and the risk that will be borne by investors is 0.0011% per day.
Editorial: La investigación razón y norte de la función universitaria
Authors: Montero Sopilca Any Sofia 
Published: February 2024

La producción del saber científico es una de las principales premisas en la labor del docente universitario, es entonces en el contexto académico de la educación superior que se configura el escenario propicio para producir las ideas gestadas desde el accionar investigativo. En referencia a esta idea y parafraseando a Sosa (2016) en las casa de estudio de educación superior los grupos académicos en América Latina y el Caribe han avanzado en el desarrollo de acciones que favorecen la producción de conocimiento, sustentados en la interacción y visualización de saberes en el seno de las comunidades educativas con características potencialmente significativas y con pertinencia social.
En este sentido, la realidad educativa edifica un espacio pertinente para que los docentes realicen su práctica investigativa; y a su vez, generar saberes, los cuales serán resarcidos en la praxis educativa de los docentes de los diferentes niveles educativos, al permitir explicar, predecir, comprender o transformar el accionar académico desde la riqueza de conocimientos en un escenario que diverso, dinámico e integrado desde las funciones de la docencia, extensión.
"Libro en Blanco". Espacios liminales de la gráfica contemporánea: Una propuesta de metodología creativa de aplicación de la investigación a la docencia a través del libro de artista
Authors: Soler Baena Ana , Iglesias Fernández Antía 
Published: February 2024

El proyecto ‘Libro en blanco: Espacios Liminales de la Gráfica Contemporánea' planteado por el grupo Dx5, se enfoca en comprender la complejidad de la gráfica contemporánea y las sinergias emergentes en nuevos espacios liminales a través del blanco como hilo conductor. Mediante la investigación y práctica mixtas: teórica, artística, científica y técnica; el grupo ha profundizado durante más de dos décadas en los principios interrelaciónales de la gráfica contemporánea y, en esta ocasión, propone una revisión de las bases fundamentales de la misma.
El objetivo principal de esta propuesta es revelar los principios, aparentemente invisibles, de la gráfica contemporánea; explorando sus formas cambiantes a través de una propuesta que combina la propia gráfica, el diseño editorial, la reflexión teórico-conceptual y el formato del libro de artista. De esta manera se busca conectar la gráfica tradicional con las creaciones y propuestas contemporáneas y re-examinar los conceptos base.
El proyecto se centra en cinco temas clave, sintetizados en códigos que generan, a lo largo del libro, una red de interconexiones. A través de estos temas se profundiza en la filosofía detrás de práctica gráfica contemporánea y se desarrollan los espacios intermedios, liminales, ignorados o invisibles de la gráfica de campo expandido.
El resultado tangible es el libro de artista "Libro en Blanco", de edición limitada, que recoge las reflexiones y obras visuales y conceptuales de miembros y colaboradores del Dx5, profundizando en los principios planteados en las bases del proyecto. De esta manera se busca ampliar la comprensión de la gráfica contemporánea y proponer la aplicación de estos conceptos y del formato de libro de artista como herramienta educativa, promoviendo la investigación artística como metodología creativa de educación en las Bellas Artes, el diseño gráfico y la edición.
Desafios Democráticos na Era Digital: diagnósticos e soluções da produção de fake news no Brasil a luz da Comissão Interamericana de Direitos Humanos
Authors: Mascarenhas Diego Fonseca 
Published: February 2024

Com o avanço da tecnologia houveram significativas transformações na livre circulação de dados na democracia, em razão do aparecimento do perturbador problema da propagação de fake news na internet. A relevância do estudo persiste não apenas no fato de que a disseminação deliberada de desinformação produzida por fontes anônimas tem provocado abalo na credibilidade do jornalismo, como também têm ocasionado danos para o bom desenvolvimento da democracia na confrontação de fatos e de ideias em assunto de interesse público. Tarefa que requer, apontar como ocorreu alteração do jornalismo por causa da produção de sentido de operações midiáticas, assinalar o diagnóstico da Comissão Interamericana de Direitos Humanos (CIDH) em torno da questão de fake news no Brasil e, por fim, elucidar como a CIDH visa solucionar a circulação de notícias falsas em terras brasileiras. É importante destacar que a pesquisa se estrutura por meio da abordagem dedutiva dialética de dispositivos legais, bibliográficos e relatórios da CIDH. A pesquisa traz como contribuição a identificação e a análise de seis princípios para normatizar a livre circulação de informação, como: acesso universal, não discriminação, pluralismo, privacidade, a excepcionalidade dos limites à circulação de ideias e informações e, por fim, neutralidade da rede. Conclui-se de que o exercício da liberdade de expressão deve ser regulamentado com bastante acuidade, a fim de não recair o risco de aplicação de censura prévia.