bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Orlicz-Lorentz-Karamata Hardy martingale spaces: inequalities and fractional integral operators
Authors: Hao Zhiwei , Li Libo , Long Long , Weisz Ferenc 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLet $$0<q\le \infty $$

0
<
q
≤
∞

, b be a slowly varying function and $$ \Phi : [0,\infty ) \longrightarrow [0,\infty ) $$

Φ
:
[
0
,
∞
)
⟶
[
0
,
∞
)

be an increasing function with $$\Phi (0)=0$$

Φ
(
0
)
=
0

and $$\lim \limits _{r \rightarrow \infty }\Phi (r)=\infty $$

lim

r
→
∞

Φ

(
r
)

=
∞

. In this paper, we introduce a new class of function spaces $$L_{\Phi ,q,b}$$

L

Φ
,
q
,
b

which unify and generalize the Lorentz-Karamata spaces with $$\Phi (t)=t^p$$

Φ

(
t
)

=

t
p

and the Orlicz-Lorentz spaces with $$b\equiv 1$$

b
≡
1

. Based on the new spaces, we introduce five new Hardy spaces containing martingales, the so-called Orlicz-Lorentz-Karamata Hardy martingale spaces and then develop a theory of these martingale Hardy spaces. To be precise, we first investigate several properties of Orlicz-Lorentz-Karamata spaces and then present Doob’s maximal inequalities by using Hardy’s inequalities. The characterization of these Hardy martingale spaces are constructed via the atomic decompositions. As applications of the atomic decompositions, martingale inequalities and the relation of the different martingale Hardy spaces are presented. The dual theorems and a new John-Nirenberg type inequality for the new framework are also established. Moreover, we study the boundedness of fractional integral operators on Orlicz-Lorentz-Karamata Hardy martingale spaces. The results obtained here generalize the previous results for Lorentz-Karamata Hardy martingale spaces as well as for Orlicz-Lorentz Hardy martingales spaces. Especially, we remove the condition that b is non-decreasing as in [38, 39] and the condition $$q_{\Phi ^{-1}}<1/q$$

q

Φ

-
1

<
1
/
q

in [24], respectively.
Evaluation of Candidates for Lung Transplant—A Review of Patient-Specific Risk Factors
Authors: Leard Lorriana E. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose of review
The purpose of this paper is to review the evaluation of patients who are potential candidates for a lung transplant. Attention is paid to patient-specific risk factors considered when determining if an individual is a candidate for a lung transplant.

Recent findings
Recent consensus statements and a review of the literature support the notion that patient-specific risk factors associated with adverse outcomes following lung transplant should be identified and used to determine whether an individual patient is a candidate for lung transplant. The rationale for considering these risk factors is discussed. Early referral is encouraged to enable individuals time to reduce risk when modifiable risk factors are identified.

Summary
Patient-specific risk factors for adverse post-lung transplant outcomes should be identified and modified, if possible, to reduce risk. Additional research is required to better understand which ones place the recipient at the greatest risk and to guide the calculation of acceptable risk. Interprofessional teams at each lung transplant center must consider the combination of patient-specific risk factors in a risk-benefit analysis to make the determination as to whether the candidate will be listed for a lung transplant. These determinations should be transparent, equitable, and communicated clearly.
Goal-Directed Therapy in Liver Surgery
Authors: Marcus Sivan G. , Syed Shareef , Anderson Alexandra L. , Bokoch Michael P. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
This review summarizes the updated literature on goal-directed therapy during liver surgery. It provides guidance for clinicians regarding physiologic concepts and clinical evidence related to fluid and hemodynamic management strategies during and after liver resection.

Recent Findings
Open liver resection presents unique anatomic and physiologic challenges for the anesthesiologist. Care must be taken to reduce hemorrhage via control of inflow and outflow of hepatic blood. Resuscitation should be individualized to the patient and primarily utilize balanced crystalloids, blood products, and possibly albumin. Administration of intravenous fluids should be guided by hemodynamic parameters. Minimally invasive liver resection may be beneficial to patients but presents additional considerations for goal-directed therapy.

Summary
Goal-directed therapy can be utilized to decrease blood loss and optimize the surgical field during liver resection. This strategy holds promise to improve patient outcomes after liver surgery.
Comparison principles for a class of general integro-differential inequalities with applications
Authors: Al-Refai Mohammed , Fernandez Arran 
Published: February 2024

AbstractComparison principles for fractional differential equations have been investigated in many papers using different types of fractional integral and derivative operators. We here prove the strongest such results so far, for a very broad class of operators that is even more general than those with Sonine kernels. Starting from inequalities valid at global extrema, we obtain comparison principles for these general operators, which are applied to prove bounds on solutions to related integro-differential equations. Many results in the literature will be considered as particular cases of the current study.
Effects of Serial Multiple Exemplar Training on Bidirectional Naming in Children with Autism
Authors: Salomonsen Roy , Eldevik Sigmund 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study examined the effect of a serial multiple exemplar training (S-MET) procedure on bidirectional naming (BiN) in four preschool children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A non-concurrent multiple baseline design was used to evaluate the effects of training listener and speaker behavior for one stimulus at a time until BiN occurred. When BiN occurred, probes were conducted to measure whether generalization occurred across settings and people. Three out of four participants’ responding met the mastery criterion for BiN, while the fourth participant improved her performance. The results of this study suggest that S-MET may be a promising intervention and contribute to our knowledge about learning histories required for BiN.
Schutzwirkung von chirurgischen Masken und FFP2-Masken vor feinen und ultrafeinen Aerosolen
Authors: Braun Markus , Klingelhöfer Doris , Dröge Janis , Groneberg David A. 
Published: February 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Aerosole sind eine Mischung fester oder flüssiger Partikel mit einer Größe zwischen 1 nm und mehreren 100 µm in einem Gas oder Gasgemisch. Nicht nur Berufsgruppen im Gesundheitswesen können von infektiösen Aerosolen betroffen sein. Zudem können auch nichtinfektiöse Aerosole, z. B. Pilzsporen, Nanopartikel, Stäube, Chemikaliendämpfe für viele Berufsgruppen gefährlich sein. Die Verwendung von Masken hat sich als effektive Maßnahme zum Schutz vor Aerosolen erwiesen. Ziel dieser Studie war es, die Bedeutung und Grenzen beim Tragen von OP- und FFP2-Masken zum Schutz vor feinen und ultrafeinen Aerosolen in einem realitätsnahen Umfeld zu zeigen.

Methoden
In einem Laborraum mit einer Grundfläche von 27 m2 und einem Rauminhalt von ca. 80 m3 wurden Aerosole (DEHS und wässriges Aerosol) künstlich generiert. Die erzeugten Aerosole wurden mit einem Spektrometer im Bereich zwischen 5,6 und 560 nm quantifiziert. Installierte Phantomköpfe am Aerosolgenerator (Emitter) und Spektrometer (Empfänger) konnten mit Masken ausgestattet und die Entfernung zueinander verändert werden.

Ergebnisse
Bei DEHS-Aerosol (Abstände Phantomköpfe Emitter – Empfänger 150 bis 300 cm) und wässrigem Aerosol (Abstand 100 cm) konnte eine sehr signifikante (p < 0,001) Minderung der Aerosolbelastung festgestellt werden, wenn am Emitter eine OP- oder FFP2-Maske befestigt war. War nur am Empfänger eine Maske befestigt, bot eine gut passende, am Phantomkopf abgeklebte FFP2-Maske signifikant (p < 0,001) den besten Schutz vor Aerosolen, deutlich vor nichtabgeklebter FFP2-Maske und OP-Maske.

Fazit
OP- und FFP2-Masken bieten einen guten Fremdschutz. Einen wirklich guten Selbstschutz bieten Masken nur, wenn sie wirklich gut und dicht sitzen. OP-Masken sind für den Selbstschutz nur sehr eingeschränkt geeignet.
SCFS-securing flying ad hoc network using cluster-based trusted fuzzy scheme
Authors: Gupta Shikha , Sharma Neetu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFlying Ad hoc Networks have emerged as a promising technology for number of real-time applications. However, the flexible and unstructured characteristics of these networks make them vulnerable to security threats posed by malicious nodes, such as denial of service attacks, node impersonation, and information breaches. Another major issue is the consideration of those nodes being unable to prove their trustworthiness due to factors like hardware or software failure, or by link interruptions, during the processing of detection of false nodes in the network. The existing mechanisms encompassing encryption, authentication, and intrusion detection highlight limitations to secure real-time applications and services due to the high speed of flying nodes and the absence of fixed network structures. To overcome these constraints, this research paper incorporates a novel framework for evaluating and improving the security of network by introducing an innovative cluster-based approach. Moreover, it presents a fuzzy model that dynamically estimates the trust levels of both individual nodes and clusters, by assigning weight to the parameters to address vulnerabilities. Additionally, a trust reconfiguration mechanism is further proposed to address the issue of nodes unable to substantiate their trust by providing them with additional chances based on the collective trust from previous evaluations. Further, the paper incorporates a dynamic reputation system to proficiently identify and separate malicious and selfish nodes from the network. Simulation results indicate a significant improvement in performance metrics, with a considerable reduction in delay and drop ratio by 41.46% and 36.37%, respectively, while the sufficient rise of 54.71% and 46.05% in throughput and coverage, respectively, comparing with the considered state-of-art.
Bi-DNE: bilayer evolutionary pattern preserved embedding for dynamic networks
Authors: Gu Xu , Chen Xiaoliang , Yang Min , Du Yajun , Tang Mingwei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractNetwork embedding is a technique used to generate low-dimensional vectors representing each node in a network while maintaining the original topology and properties of the network. This technology enables a wide range of learning tasks, including node classification and link prediction. However, the current landscape of network embedding approaches predominantly revolves around static networks, neglecting the dynamic nature that characterizes real social networks. Dynamics at both the micro- and macrolevels are fundamental drivers of network evolution. Microlevel dynamics provide a detailed account of the network topology formation process, while macrolevel dynamics reveal the evolutionary trends of the network. Despite recent dynamic network embedding efforts, a few approaches accurately capture the evolution patterns of nodes at the microlevel or effectively preserve the crucial dynamics of both layers. Our study introduces a novel method for embedding networks, i.e., bilayer evolutionary pattern-preserving embedding for dynamic networks (Bi-DNE), that preserves the evolutionary patterns at both the micro- and macrolevels. The model utilizes strengthened triadic closure to represent the network structure formation process at the microlevel, while a dynamic equation constrains the network structure to adhere to the densification power-law evolution pattern at the macrolevel. The proposed Bi-DNE model exhibits significant performance improvements across a range of tasks, including link prediction, reconstruction, and temporal link analysis. These improvements are demonstrated through comprehensive experiments carried out on both simulated and real-world dynamic network datasets. The consistently superior results to those of the state-of-the-art methods provide empirical evidence for the effectiveness of Bi-DNE in capturing complex evolutionary patterns and learning high-quality node representations. These findings validate the methodological innovations presented in this work and mark valuable progress in the emerging field of dynamic network representation learning. Further exploration demonstrates that Bi-DNE is sensitive to the analysis task parameters, leading to a more accurate representation of the natural evolution process during dynamic network embedding.
Should Positive Psychology Researchers Control for Response Style?
Authors: De Beer L. T. , van der Vaart L. , Uziel L. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study investigates self-deceptive enhancement (SDE) as a control for response style in measuring positive psychology constructs, focusing on work engagement and three self-reported individual performance components. Addressing the critiques of positive psychology, particularly its reliance on self-report measures and susceptibility to method variance, we examine the role of SDE—characterised by unconsciously inflated self-perceptions—in self-reported surveys. Using latent variable modelling with different model specifications, we assess the impact of controlling for SDE in the relationship between work engagement and self-reported performance outcomes in a sample of small and medium enterprise employees. Our results show that the baseline model, not accounting for SDE, indicates statistically significant paths between work engagement and all three performance outcomes. However, when SDE is controlled for as a marker variable or a predictor, these relationships change significantly, with a notable reduction in the explained variance for two of the three performance components. The results highlight how SDE can impact substantive findings, underscoring the importance of considering controlling for SDE as an unconscious response style in positive psychology research. All in all, controlling for SDE may become necessary for improving the accuracy and consistency of research results in this field.
Can biocontrol be the game-changer in integrated pest management? A review of definitions, methods and strategies
Authors: Galli Matteo , Feldmann Falko , Vogler Ute Katharina , Kogel Karl-Heinz 
Published: February 2024

AbstractGlobal agriculture is heavily dependent on sustainable plant protection. Worldwide, the concept of integrated pest management (IPM) is being followed. IPM utilizes a range of strategies, with chemical synthetic pesticides being employed only as a last resort. However, in agricultural practice, farmers continue to rely primarily on this option. To further reduce this dependence, new strategies are being sought to strengthen the use of biological control within the IPM approach including the identification of novel non-synthetic natural compounds. Here, we discuss and report on the state of the art in biological control research in areas such as biocontrol agents and application of ecological principles. These practices can help to establish sustainable plant protection systems, with the greatest impact achieved when they are used in appropriate combinations. We highlight the conditions that currently prevent or hinder the increased use of biocontrol measures. On the background of agroecological experiences, we discuss why additional advancements in plant protection practices are imperative to more effectively break the life cycles of pests, diseases and weeds. We emphasize the significance of a judicious application of chemical control technologies, adapted to local conditions. Additionally, we highlight the key role and expertise of operators in implementing these practices and their knowledge thereof.
Error Culture, Auditors’ Error Communication, and the Performance of the Auditee: A Study Among German Local Public Sector Auditors
Authors: Lindermüller David , Lindermüller Irina , Nitzl Christian , Hirsch Bernhard 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn the course of financial and value for money audits, public sector auditors are facing different types of errors: accounting and economic errors, respectively. This study examines the relations between error culture in public sector audit organizations, auditors’ communication of accounting and economic errors, and performance of the auditee. The analyses of survey data from German local public sector auditors show that a strong error culture within the audit organization positively affect the auditors’ communication of errors to the auditee, regardless of the error type. Additionally, a strong error culture positively mediates the performance of the audited institution through the auditors’ communication of economic errors. This implies that it is important for public sector audit organizations to build a strong error culture. In addition to its practical contrition, the study provides novel theoretical insights as it demonstrates that the error management of one organization (audit entity) matters for the performance of another organization (audited entity).
Postdigital Teaching of Critical Thinking in Higher Education: Non-Instrumentalised Sociality and Interactivity
Authors: Kerruish Erika 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn the wake of the digital revolution, the digital teaching of critical thinking takes established forms in higher education. Its technologies are productively understood in postdigital terms as a diverse, inconsistent and cobbled-together collection of platforms and software. This paper considers the limits, problems and advantages of this messy and layered amalgam of technologies. Examining them shows that the benefits of digital critical thinking teaching are frequently bound up with digitisations’ support of sociability and interactivity. This is counterbalanced by difficulties and limits encountered in digitised teaching of critical thinking, often framed as deficiencies in students, teachers, institutions or technologies. However, following Bernard Stiegler’s work and postdigital scholarship, these distinctions can be countered to understand critical thinking technologies as performed within social, technical and psychic milieus processes. Stiegler’s emphasis on temporality allows for a critical analysis of the constraints of digital forms of sociality and interactivity. His notion of otium suggests that techniques cultivating interruptions and layering in digital critical thinking technologies engage their negativity and enable temporal zones in which reflective thought can emerge.
Sol–gel‑templated bioactive glass scaffold: a review
Authors: Shoushtari Maryam Sarmast , Hoey David , Biak Dayang Radiah Awang , Abdullah Norhafizah , Kamarudin Suryani , Zainuddin Halimatun S. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This review paper explores diverse synthesis strategies within the sol–gel technique for producing silicate bioglass with a focus on tailoring these materials for bone scaffold design.

Method
A comprehensive search was conducted across various databases, including ScienceDirect, Taylor & Francis, PubMed, Hindawi, Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC), Wiley Online Library, ResearchGate, and Google Scholar, using keywords such as “silica bioglass,” “Sol–gel technique,” “Templating,” and “Bone scaffold.” The analysis considered variables such as the sol–gel method, the templating approach, and materials used to fabricate silica bioglass bone scaffolds. Out of 140 initially identified studies, 92 were selected for detailed review published within the last two decades.

Result and conclusion
In this study, the effect of the sol–gel fabrication technique on the improvement of the structure of silicate bioglass bone scaffolds has been reviewed, along with a consideration of the associated advantages and disadvantages. Specifically, the focus of this study was on the templating sol–gel method and its direct impact on morphology and pore structures. Consequently, these findings have evaluated the development of templating sol–gel fabrication techniques for enhancing the bioactivity and biocompatibility of bone scaffolds.
Coordinate-Adaptive Integration of PDEs on Tensor Manifolds
Authors: Dektor Alec , Venturi Daniele 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe introduce a new tensor integration method for time-dependent partial differential equations (PDEs) that controls the tensor rank of the PDE solution via time-dependent smooth coordinate transformations. Such coordinate transformations are obtained by solving a sequence of convex optimization problems that minimize the component of the PDE operator responsible for increasing the tensor rank of the PDE solution. The new algorithm improves upon the non-convex algorithm we recently proposed in Dektor and Venturi (2023) which has no guarantee of producing globally optimal rank-reducing coordinate transformations. Numerical applications demonstrating the effectiveness of the new coordinate-adaptive tensor integration method are presented and discussed for prototype Liouville and Fokker-Planck equations.
Property status and wife beating justification in Ghana: an integrated theoretical approach
Authors: Owusu-Brown Bernice , Nketiah-Amponsah Edward 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntimate partner violence is a pervasive global human rights issue that has prompted the establishment of various international charters and national-level comprehensive legislative measures to combat this problem effectively. To attain success, it is also imperative to contextualize intimate partner violence within its underlying precursors and address them systematically and methodically. In this article, we focus on two obstacles hindering the effort of policymakers to eradicate intimate partner violence in Ghana: wife beating justification and restricted access to permanent or temporary shelters for victims. The aim is to investigate the correlation between these two indicators to determine if empowerment in property ownership can influence and unseat the belief that wife beating is justified. Leveraging data from the 2014 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey, we utilized a comprehensive theoretical approach by integrating normalization, social learning, resource, and gendered resource theories. Subsequently, we estimated a stepwise logistic regression, which revealed that while a higher proportion of women justified wife beating than men, empowering women with landed properties (arable or otherwise) significantly reduced the odds of justifying wife beating. However, among the men, a different pattern was observed. The findings presented in this article emphasize the protective nature of property ownership and stress the significance of improving women’s access to property. This enhancement aims not only to support livelihoods but also to diminish the inclination to justify wife beating.