bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retrospective analysis of relapsed or primary refractory childhood lymphoblastic lymphoma in Japan
Authors: Mitsui Tetsuo , Mori Tetsuya , Fujita Naoto , Inada Hiroko , Horibe Keizo , Tsurusawa Masahito 
Published: January 2009

AbstractBackground and ProcedureTo assess the clinical course with response to second‐line treatment and to evaluate the role of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (SCT) in children with relapsed or primary refractory lymphoblastic lymphoma (LBL), we analyzed data of 48 patients with relapsed/primary refractory diseases among 260 LBL patients identified in a national survey of 1996–2004.ResultsTwenty‐six patients achieved second complete remission; 9 achieved partial remission. Of 13 patients who showed progression despite first and second line therapy, only one patient was alive on the second relapse after unrelated cord blood transplantation. Among 40 relapsed patients, the median time between initial diagnosis and relapse was 12.5 months (range 3–56 months). The sites of relapse were isolated BM (n = 9), primary local site with BM (9), primary local site (6), isolated CNS (4), local site with mediastinum (4), primary local site with other site (4), and others (4). Of all 48 patients, 3 were alive after chemotherapy alone. Of the 33 patients, 14 were alive after high dose chemotherapy (HDC)/SCT. With a 27.5‐month median follow up period, the 3‐year OS rate was 43.2 ± 7.4% (estimate ± SE). Univariate analysis identified two features (relapse within 12 months, T cell phenotype) as significant variables that predicted poor survival. Multivariate analysis showed novel statistically significant variables including relapse within 12 months from initial diagnosis (Hazard ratio 3.60) and absence of HDC/SCT (2.64).ConclusionOutcomes of patients with relapsed/primary refractory LBL were poor, but HDC/SCT for these patients was associated with good results. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009;52:591–595. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
X‐ray structure of Danio rerio secretagogin: A hexa‐EF‐hand calcium sensor
Authors: Bitto Eduard , Bingman Craig A. , Bittova Lenka , Frederick Ronnie O. , Fox Brian G. , Phillips George N. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractMany essential physiological processes are regulated by the modulation of calcium concentration in the cell. The EF‐hand proteins represent a superfamily of calcium‐binding proteins involved in calcium signaling and homeostasis. Secretagogin is a hexa‐EF‐hand protein that is highly expressed in pancreatic islet of Langerhans and neuroendocrine cells and may play a role in the trafficking of secretory granules. We present the X‐ray structure of Danio rerio secretagogin, which is 73% identical to human secretagogin, in calcium‐free form at 2.1‐Å resolution. Secretagogin consists of the three globular domains each of which contains a pair of EF‐hand motifs. The domains are arranged into a V‐shaped molecule with a distinct groove formed at the interface of the domains. Comparison of the secretagogin structure with the solution structure of calcium‐loaded calbindin D28K revealed a striking difference in the spatial arrangement of their domains, which involves ∼180° rotation of the first globular domain with respect to the module formed by the remaining domains. Proteins 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The local structure of α‐FeSi2 under high pressure
Authors: Mori Yoshihisa , Nakano Hiroko , Sakane Genta , Aquilanti Giuliana , Udono Haruhiko , Takarabe Kenichi 
Published: January 2009

AbstractWe report the results of the high‐pressure X‐ray diffraction study and the high‐pressure extended X‐ray absorption fine structure study for α‐FeSi2 using the synchrotron radiation sources. The bond lengths of Fe–Fe, Si–Si, and Fe–Si under pressure were refined by the Rietveld method and the EXAFS analysis. It is interesting that the bond length of Si–Si is almost unchanged with increasing pressure. The DV‐Xα molecular orbital calculation was carried out for the crystal structure at 34.9 GPa and shows that the highest occupied molecular orbital consists of only 3d orbital of Fe atom. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Magnetic and structural properties of transition metal doped zinc‐oxide nanostructures
Authors: Ankiewicz Amélia O. , Gehlhoff Wolfgang , Martins Joana S. , Pereira Ângela S. , Pereira Sérgio , Hoffmann Axel , Kaidashev Evgeni M. , Rahm Andreas , Lorenz Michael , Grundmann Marius , Carmo Maria C. , Trindade Tito , Sobolev Nikolai A. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractWe report on the magnetic and structural properties of two types of nanostructures doped with Co or Mn, namely, ZnO nanowires and colloidal ZnO nanocrystals. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra have been measured and analysed to extract information on the incorporation of the ions in the lattice. A detailed analysis by means of simulations of the experimental EPR spectra confirms that the transition metal (TM) ions were mainly incorporated as TM2+, occupying the Zn2+ sites in the wurtzite structure of ZnO. Furthermore, for both types of nanostructures, the EPR spectra are composed of more than one signal, revealing locally distorted environments or core‐shell structures, proved by surface modifications via inorganic coatings. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Bias dependent spatially resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy and photocurrent measurements of InGaN/GaN LED structures
Authors: Vierheilig Clemens , Schwarz Ulrich T. , Gmeinwieser Nikolaus , Laubsch Ansgar , Hahn Berthold 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThe optical properties of Nitride‐based quantum well devices are affected by internal fields, fluctuation of the composition of the quantum well and nonradiative recombination. In this paper, we present a method to separate these effects by optical spectroscopy and photocurrent measurements under varying applied bias. We observe long‐range fluctuations both in the photoluminescence (PL) properties and the photocurrent, while fluctuations on the sub‐mm length scale can only be observed in the PL. A comparison with simplified 1D calculations leads to the assumption, that the long‐range fluctuations are caused by fluctuations of the quantum well width, while the short‐range fluctuations are explained by a varying nonradiative recombination (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Electrical and structural characterizations of BGaN thin films grown by metal‐organic vapor‐phase epitaxy
Authors: Baghdadli T. , Hamady S. Ould Saad , Gautier S. , Moudakir T. , Benyoucef B. , Ougazzaden A. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractIn this report, the electrical and structural properties of BGaN thin films, with boron composition up to 2%, have been investigated. The resistivity, Hall mobility and carrier concentration were measured by the van der Pauw/Hall Effect technique, using annealed indium ohmic contacts. The current‐voltage measurements between two planar gold and titanium/aluminum electrodes were performed. To analyze the structural properties, the polarized Raman spectra were measured with a micro‐Raman spectrometer. The resistivity displays a strong increase with respect to the boron composition in BGaN alloy, directly related to the decrease of the n‐type carrier concentration, while the mobility increases with boron content, well correlated to the structural measurements showing a good crystalline quality of the BGaN layers. This boron‐controlled resistivity is very promising for using the BGaN based materials in microelectronic and optoelectronic devices. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Influence of strain and polarisation on electronic properties of a GaN/AlN quantum dot
Authors: Young Toby D. , Marquardt Oliver 
Published: January 2009

AbstractIt is known that heterojunctions give rise to changes in the elastic and piezoelectric properties of a given semiconductor nanostructure. For practical applications it is decisive to understand the influence of these strain and piezoelectric fields on the electronic response of these systems, both as distinct and as coupled fields. In the present study, the confinement properties of the electron and hole wavefunctions are of interest. Therefore, a model based on a traditional envelope 8‐band k · p Hamiltonian is implemented and used to explore a GaN/AlN quantum dot/matrix system (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Optimisation of GaN overgrowth of InAlN for DBRs
Authors: Sadler Thomas C. , Kappers Menno J. , Oliver Rachel A. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThe growth of InAlN lattice matched to GaN is a recent development with a major application in nitride distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs). In this work we investigate three ways of capping lattice matched InAlN layers to make the GaN layers in a DBR, while ensuring that InAlN is not damaged in the process and that the top GaN surface is suitable for further growth. Growing the GaN caps in a nitrogen atmosphere at the same temperature as the InAlN does not observably affect the InAlN epilayer but the cap has a top surface with large undulations unsuitable for DBRs. Growing the GaN at 1000 °C in a hydrogen atmosphere results in good GaN surfaces without altering the bulk of the InAlN epilayer but does alter the InAlN surface, possibly by causing the desorption of In. The advantages of both methods can be combined by growing the first 10 nm of the cap at the same temperature as the InAlN and the rest at 1000 °C. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Large area GaN and AlN template substrates fabricated by HVPE
Authors: Soukhoveev Vitali , Volkova Anna , Ivantsov Vladimir , Kovalenkov Oleg , Syrkin Alexander , Usikov Alexander 
Published: January 2009

AbstractHydride vapour phase epitaxy (HVPE) is known as fast deposition method to produce both free‐standing GaN substrate materials and thick low‐defect GaN on 2‐inch sapphire and AlN layers on 2‐inch sapphire and conductive silicon carbide (SiC) substrates. These substrate materials of 2‐inch size are available as commercial product. In this paper, we extend the HVPE abilities to new fields including up to 23 μm thick crack‐free AlN layers growth on 3‐inch and 100‐mm SiC substrates (AlN/SiC template substrates) and up to 125 μm thick GaN layers grown on 3‐inch sapphire (GaN/sapphire template substrates). For 21‐23 μm thick AlN layers grown on 100‐mm SiC substrates, the X‐ray rocking curve FWHM was ranged from 200 to 300 arc sec and from 600 to 800 arc sec for the (00.2) and the (10.2) AlN reflections, respectively. For 115‐125 μm thick GaN layers, the X‐ray FWHM values were 120‐150 arcsec and 200‐230arc sec for the (00.2) and the (10.2) GaN reflections, respectively, that corresponds screw dislocation density of (3‐5)×107 cm–2 evaluated based on XRD data. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Image‐based path planning for outdoor mobile robots
Authors: Huang Wesley H. , Ollis Mark , Happold Michael , Stancil Brian A. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractMobile robots operating in natural terrain need some sort of long‐range perception in order to navigate efficiently. Whereas LADAR is a commonly used sensor on such systems, providing range data out to 25 m and beyond, we have instead focused on what information can be extracted from vision. Our robot has only two stereo camera pairs for terrain sensing; they provide reliable stereo data up to 5 m away, but this is not enough to prevent myopic behavior. To overcome this problem, we have developed a novel approach to navigation using monocular imagery by planning a path in the image space. We take a monocular image and apply a learned color‐to‐cost mapping to transform the raw image into a cost image. Then, after a pseudo‐configuration‐space transform, we search for a pixel‐to‐pixel path from a point in front of the robot to the projected goal point in the cost image. Our implementation has been shown to react to obstacles at a range of 93 m, far beyond the range of our stereo perception. We describe the details of our method and results from testing under the DARPA Learning Applied to Ground Robots (LAGR) program and discuss the characteristics and trade‐offs of our approach. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Learning terrain segmentation with classifier ensembles for autonomous robot navigation in unstructured environments
Authors: Procopio Michael J. , Mulligan Jane , Grudic Greg 
Published: January 2009

AbstractAutonomous robot navigation in unstructured outdoor environments is a challenging area of active research and is currently unsolved. The navigation task requires identifying safe, traversable paths that allow the robot to progress toward a goal while avoiding obstacles. Stereo is an effective tool in the near field, but used alone leads to a common failure mode in autonomous navigation in which suboptimal trajectories are followed due tonearsightedness, or the robot's inability to distinguish obstacles and safe terrain in the far field. This can be addressed through the use of machine learning methods to accomplishnear‐to‐farlearning, in which near‐field terrain appearance and stereo readings are used to train models able to predict far‐field terrain. This paper proposes to enhance existing,memorylessnear‐to‐far learning approaches through the use ofclassifier ensemblesthat allow terrain models trained on data seen at different points in time to be preserved and referenced later. These stored models serve as memory, and we show that they can be leveraged for more effective far‐field terrain classification on future images seen by the robot. A five‐factor, full‐factorial, repeated‐measures experimental evaluation is performed on hand‐labeled data sets taken directly from the problem domain. The experiments result in many statistically significant findings, the most important being that the proposed near‐to‐far Best‐KEnsemble Algorithm, with appropriate parameter selection, outperforms the single‐model, nonensemble baseline approach in far‐field terrain classification. Several other findings that inform the use of near‐to‐far ensemble methods are also presented. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Generic service composition platform for pervasive E‐Commerce
Authors: Chi Jing , Yin Chunyang , Song Meina , Song Junde , Zhan Xiaosu 
Published: January 2009

AbstractIn this paper, a generic E‐Commerce process model with full E‐Commerce service coverage is propose. Based on this model, a generic service composition platform is proposed as an individual middleware layer to support the pervasive E‐Commerce. The platform consists of an orchestration component and several atomic service components (ASCs). It is in charge of dynamic and automatic general service (GS) construction taking the user preferences and demanded quality of service (QoS) into account. The designed platform is flexible and extensible thanks to the service oriented architecture (SOA) (service oriented architecture)‐based atomic reusable and sharable service components (SCs). And it employs efficient peer‐to‐peer (P2P) interaction between two components. In our method, global QoS is guaranteed by the runtime QoS monitoring and dynamic adjusted two‐dimensional orchestration plan. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Online wind turbine fault detection through automated SCADA data analysis
Authors: Zaher A. , McArthur S.D.J. , Infield D.G. , Patel Y. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThis paper describes a set of anomaly‐detection techniques and their applicability to wind turbine fault identification. It explains how the anomaly‐detection techniques have been adapted to analyse supervisory control and data acquisition data acquired from a wind farm, automating and simplifying the operators' analysis task by interpreting the volume of data available. The techniques are brought together into one system to collate their output and provide a single decision support environment for an operator. The framework used is a novel multi‐agent system architecture that offers the opportunity to corroborate the output of the various interpretation techniques in order to improve the accuracy of fault detection. The results presented demonstrate that the interpretation techniques can provide performance assessment and early fault identification, thereby giving the operators sufficient time to make more informed decisions regarding the maintenance of their machines. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of habitat fragmentation by damming on salmonid fishes: lessons from white‐spotted charr in Japan
Authors: Morita Kentaro , Morita Shoko H. , Yamamoto Shoichiro 
Published: January 2009

AbstractDam construction has serious consequences, and one of the most serious concerns is the fragmentation of riverine ecosystems. We reviewed the influence of habitat fragmentation on white‐spotted charrSalvelinus leucomaenispopulations. First, habitat fragmentation by damming has serious consequences in terms of alternative life‐history strategies. Most fish in dammed‐off areas do not migrate to the sea and instead become resident forms. This loss of the anadromous form negatively affects populations through decreased spawning biomass. In addition, the smaller population sizes in dammed‐off habitats can negatively affect population dynamics through demographic, environmental, and genetic stochasticity. Therefore, the population viability is reduced in small, dammed‐off habitats. White‐spotted charr populations also likely experience different selection pressures after damming. Many of these effects of habitat fragmentation due to damming are not immediate but rather occur gradually over several generations. Because most Japanese dams were constructed after 1970, some effects of damming may not yet be obvious.
Metabolic and endocrine effects of metformin and metformin plus cyclic medroxyprogesterone acetate in women with polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Haydardedeoglu Bulent , Simsek Erhan , Kilicdag Esra B. , Bagis Tayfun 
Published: January 2009

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the metabolic and endocrine effects of treatment with cyclic medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) plus metformin compared with metformin alone in women with PCOS.MethodsIn this prospective randomized study of women with PCOS, 20 women received 850 mg of metformin twice a day, and 20 women received 850 mg of metformin plus 5 mg of MPA twice a day. Body mass index, hormonal and lipid blood profiles, homocysteine blood level, and insulin sensitivities assessed by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) were recorded at baseline and at 3 months.ResultsTotal cholesterol levels decreased in the metformin plus MPA group (P = 0.002) but did not change significantly in the metformin group (P = 0.159). While homocysteine levels remained unchanged in the metformin plus MPA group, they increased significantly in the metformin group (P = 0.002).ConclusionThere were no adverse effects of short‐term cyclic MPA plus metformin treatment on metabolic parameters or insulin resistance in patients with PCOS over a 3‐month treatment period.
Consumer reactions to the decreased usage message: The role of elaborative processing
Authors: White Katherine , Willness Chelsea 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThis research examines consumer reactions to an emerging trend among corporate social responsibility initiatives—the promotion of decreased usage of the company's own core products. The results across three experiments suggest that the presence of a decreased usage message that highlights incongruity between the marketing message and the company's goals leads to negative company evaluations. The authors demonstrate that elaborative processing underlies these effects by examining the moderating role of the need for cognition and cognitive load. Further, perceived incongruity and cognitive elaboration mediate the findings. The implications for marketers and consumers are discussed.
Making judgments in a two‐sequence cue environment: The effects of differential cue strengths, order sequence, and distraction
Authors: Biswas Dipayan , Biswas Abhijit , Chatterjee Subimal 
Published: January 2009

AbstractConsumers frequently evaluate multiple sequential cues of varying strengths in order to draw inferences about a product's quality. The results of three experiments show that when consumers are not distracted, they judge a product's quality more favorably following a strong–weak cue sequence relative to a weak–strong sequence (a primacy effect). However once consumers are distracted from the evaluation task, the primacy effect reverses to a recency effect, whereby consumers judge a product's quality more favorably following a weak–strong cue sequence. Process tests suggest that distraction crowds consumers' short‐term working memory and inhibits the spontaneous rehearsal and the subsequent recall of the cue presented first in the information sequence.
Hybridräume
Authors: Nissen Sylke 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThe main characteristics of public space are accessibility and usability for all citizens. Current developments primarily observed in cities, however, point to the fact that the distinction between public and private is becoming blurred. Instead urban spaces of hybrid character are emerging. Spaces with public functions like train stations, parks or pedestrian areas change character; semi-private spaces like malls or plazas expand. In order to obtain a realistic assessment of these developments the paper offers a critical appraisal of recent privatization trends followed by a brief systematization. After a discussion of feasible reasons for the loss of public space, the paper considers potential implications for the future of citizenship.
On certain semigroups arising from radicals of matrix rings
Authors: Sands A. D. 
Published: January 2009

By a ring we shall mean an associative ring not necessarily containing an identity element. The fundamental definitions and properties of radicals may be found in Divinsky [2]. Similarly we refer to Howie [3] for the semigroup concepts.If R is a ring Mn(R) will denote the ring of n × n matrices with entries from R. For many important radicals α it has been shown that α(Mn(R)) = Mn(α(R)) for all rings R and all positive integers n. However this is not the case for all radicals α. Associated with each radical α we define a set of positive integers S(α) by
Integrals involving Bessel and Legendre functions
Authors: Lowndes J. S. 
Published: January 2009

Felsen (1) has shown that when a plane wave is incident along the axis of a rigid cone of narrow apex angle an approximate expression for the scattered wave involves an integral of the formwhere is a Bessel function of the third kind, k a constant and , is the Legendre (conical) function of the first kind.
An extension of the Minkowski determinant theorem
Authors: Marcus Marvin , Gordon William R. 
Published: January 2009

Minkowski proved the following (for a proof see (4)): if A and B are n × n positive semi-definite hermitian matrices thenIt is known (4) that if both A and B are non-singular, then the equality holds in (1) if and only if B = cA where c is a positive number.
Closure operations and group algebras
Authors: Meldrum J. D. P. , Wallace D. A. R. 
Published: January 2009

Let G be a group and let K be a field. The twisted group algebra Kt(G) of G over K is defined as follows: let G have elements a, b, c, … and let Kt(G) be the vector space over K with basis elements ; let α: G ×G → K be a 2-cocycle and define a multiplication on Kt(G) byextending this by linearity to Kt(G) yields an associative algebra. We are interested in information concerning the Jacobson radical of Kt(G), denoted by JKt(G).
A note on an inequality with non-conjugate parameters
Authors: Walker P. L. 
Published: January 2009

The inequalitywhich is valid for positive, non-null f, g in the spaces Lp(0, ∞), Lq(0, ∞), where p > 1, (1/p)+(1/q) = 1, is a well-known generalisation of the classical inequality of Hilbert (see for instance Chapter 9 of Hardy, Littlewood, and Polya (1)).