bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Intravenous Digital Subtraction Angiography on the Evaluation of Carotid Artery Disease: Review of the first 600 Cases
Authors: ORR NEIL M. , DOUST BRUCE D. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT620 1.V.‐D.S.A. Carotid Studies were per formed on 607 patients. Follow‐up on 430 patients was obtained.1.V.‐D.S.A. has been accepted at our institution as a means of evaluating the carotid bifurcations prior to surgery, most cases requiring no further angiographic evaluation. However, it has not been accepted for the assessment of intracranial conditions, apart from the assessment of the parasellar vessels prior to trans‐sphenoidal surgery and the assessment of dural venous sinus patency.Apart from a relatively high incidence of transient chest pain (5.3%) the incidence of complications was low and there were no major complications.1.V.‐D.S.A. has replaced a small number of conventional carotid angiograms. However, the decrease in the number of conventional angiograms is much smaller than the increase in 1.V.‐D.S.A., suggesting that many patients who now undergo 1.V.‐D.S.A. would not have had conventional angiography at all.
Radiation Oncology in Australia: An Increasing Crisis
Authors: WIGG D.R. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThe demands for radiotherapy services continue to increase relentlessly but the capacity to meet these demands is not available. In Australia only 36% of patients with invasive cancer are being treated with megavoltage radiotherapy beams whereas an increase of approximately 50% is necessary to reach a more appropriate level of 55%. A review of the number of radiation oncologists, radiographers and treatment machines shows that the shortage of staff and equipment are consistent with the low utilization of radiotherapy in Australia. Staff and equipment are fully occupied and lack the capacity to appreciably increase treatment rates. A 50% increase in the number Of radiation oncologists is required to reach the recommended number of 7 per million population for service commitments only. This increase is also necessary to adequately treat the additional 50% of patients who would benefit from appropriate modern radiotherapy. Similar increases in therapy radiographer staff numbers and treatment machines will also be required if these additional patients are to be treated. A greatly expanded training, recruitment and re‐equipment programme is urgently required.
Managing Difficult Common Bile Duct Problems With the Help of the Interventional Radiologist
Authors: GIBNEY ROBERT G. , FACHE J. STEPHEN , BURHENNE H. JOACHIM , NAGY ALEXANDER G. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTSurgery is the mainstay of therapy for disorders of the common bile duct. In recent years, however, numerous radiological biliary interventional procedures have been developed. Sufficient experience with these techniques has now been accumulated such that the role of these procedures is now more clearly defined. A variety of transhepatic and transcholecystic biliary manipulations is described as an overview of the value of these procedures in difficult common bile duct disorders.
BLADDER DEFORMITY A Sign of Major Inferior Venous Obstruction. Two Case Reports and a Review.
Authors: BMEDSCI MARK E. PIERCE 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTUrinary bladder deformity is a sign of major inferior venous occlusion. This deformity is characteristic and different from that due to more common bladder deforming lesions e.g. pelvic haematoma.This intravenous urographic (IVU) Fmding is not rare, especially in the population being in vestigated for possible renal carcinoma.
The Paperless Radiology Department
Authors: CAMPO JOHN F. DE , BOLDT DAVID W. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThis report describes the philosophy and the development of Royal Children's Hospital Radiology computer system. Although there are a number of Radiology computer systems, this system provides on line access to all patients previous reports and new reports from any termind within the Hospital immediately they are typed; and prints cumulative reports for the Medical Record. Reports on patients not ex amined for 24 months can be automatically removed from the system to microfiche, whilst all reports on active patients remain on line in definitely for immediate access. Absolutely no paper records are maintained in the Radiology Department. Long term computer storage of radiology reports is the logical extension of previous computer systems and has improved department efficiency and responsiveness.
The Disappearing “Osteochondroma”: Simulation by Reformated Computed Tomography
Authors: DAVIES ROGER P. , WELSHMAN RICHARD , DESILVA MERL 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTReformatting of axial CT images is widely used to generate coronal, sagittal or other planes of section in the investigation of lesions around the pituitary fossa. Appreciation of anatomical relationships in various places may aid surgical planning. This case demonstrates several machine related artifacts associated with refor matting of axial images. The importance of thin overlapping or direct coronal sections and the need for adequate sedation or anaesthesia in paediatric scanning are emphasized.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Appearances of Syringohydromyelia
Authors: HOUANG M.T.W. , STERN M. , BREW B. , PELL M. , DARVENIZA P. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination of the spinal cord is now a first‐line in vestigation for the evaluation of suspected syringohydromyelia. It is an accurate, non‐invasive means of detecting cavities within the spinal cord and for assessing spinal cord size and the position of the cerebellar tonsils. It has considerable advantages over post‐myelographic computerised tomography (CT). The current study discusses our initial experience of thirteen surgically proven cases of syringomyelia with special reference to appearances on T 1 and T2 weighted images and a discussion of the apparently confusing appearances of the cavities on the T2 weighted images.
Intraspinal Lumbosacral Lipoma: Review of Literature and Report of Three Cases
Authors: SHARMA SANJIV , PURI SUNIL , DAS LAXMAN , GUPTA D. K. , BAIJAL V.N. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThree cases of intraspinal lumbosacral lipoma are reported and the existing English literature is reviewed. Intraspinal lumbosacral lipoma presents a distinct clinical and radiological pat tern. It should be suspected if, in a child, a soft tissue mass in the lumbosacral region is associated with a neurological deficit in the lower limbs, unilateral talipes equinovarus or bony developmental defects of the vertebral bodies and sacrum. The presence of radio‐lucency in the vertebral canal in plain films is pathognomonic of intraspinal lipoma. At myelography, the presence of a large thecal sac, a low position of the conus medullaris and demonstration of extension of the lesion outside the vertebral canal are characteristic of in traspinal lipoma. In infancy, these lesions may superficially resemble sacrococcygeal teratoma.
Arteriography in Evaluating Vascularized Bone Graft in the Hip Joint
Authors: KAJ RINDELL , KAUKO SOLONEN , TIMO TELARANTA , SAM LINDHOLM , PAULI HEKALI 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTAngiography was used preoperatively (in planning) and postoperatively (in checking) the results of vasculariwd bone grafts in the hip region. Vascularized bone grafts were used in treatment of necrosis of the femoral head, for acetabular bone stock reinforcement and for rearthrodesis operations. Eighteen cases with 15 pre and postoperative angiographies are presented. The irrigating vessels remained pa tent in all but one case.Iliac angiography is still the main method when planning the operation and also in the postoperative follow‐up. It is essential to know the postoperative course of the arteries used in vascular bone grafting.
Ultrasound in Chest Disease: 1. Pleura.
Authors: FATAAR SHADLEY 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTRetrospective study of 97 examinations in 60 patients with pleural problems. Seventy‐six were for assessment of presence of pleural fluid and localisation of aspiration/drainage sites in 37.Mass lesions studied in eleven and 16 patients were either biopsied or drained by the radiologist under ultrasound control. Examination of two post‐pneumonectomy patients revealed tumour recurrence in one and post‐surgical fluid residue in another. All fluids were transonic, whereas a fibrin meshwork was found in haemothoraces and empyemas. Microbubbles were specific for pyopneumothoraces while echogenic pus mimicked tumour in one patient. Seven pleural tumours were transonic or echogenic. The tumours were either smooth (metastatic) or irregular (mesothelioma). Two benign fibrous plaques were uniformly echogenic and smooth and were indistinguishable from malignant masses.
Measurement of Hip Joint Width in Acromegaly
Authors: WANG SHIH‐CHANG 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTAcromegaly is a well‐recognised cause of synovial joint space widening. This is due to thickening of the hyaline articular cartilage. The range of joint widening has been measured in the hands, but has not previously been reported in the hips. 18 known acromegalic patients were compared to a group of 75 age and sex‐matched controls. The vertical hip joint space width in the acromegalics ranged from 4 mm to 10 mm with a mean of 7.33 mm (2SD = 3.92), compared to the normal range of 3 mm to 5.5 mm with a mean of 4.1 mm (2SD = 1.88). A hip joint width of 6 mm or greater in the absence of hip dysplasia or subluxation is thought to be characteristic of acromegaly.
Metatropic Dysplasia and its Variants (Analysis of 14 Cases)
Authors: KOZLOWSKI K. , CAMPBELL J. , ANDERSON B. , ERKEN E.H.W. , JEQUIER S. , NELSON M. , SLIMAN N. , SPRAGUE P. , TAMAELA LA. 
Published: March 2008

SUMMARYMETATROPIC DYSPLASIA is a spondylo‐epi‐metaphyseal dysplasia with characteristic clinical and radiographic features. 37 cases of the disorder were reported up to 1983 accordingly to Beck et al.14 cases of spondylo‐epi‐metaphyseal dysplasia of metatropic variety from 9 paediatrk institutions have been analysed.Radiologically and clinically we discern four groups of patients with features of metatropic dysplasia. 1. A lethal, pen‐natal type, 2. An autosomal recessive type with diagnostic radiographic findings and often fatal outcome in the first few years of life, 3. A rare dominant type, 4. A mild type consistent probably of different spondylo‐epi‐metaphyseal dysplasias which show mild metatropic changes. (Metatropic Dysplasia Variants).
Report of Three Cases with Tricho‐Rhino‐Phalangeal Syndrome Type I (Two Cases) and Type II (One Case)
Authors: STABILE M. , AMETRANO O. , BRUNA M. DELLA , MONICA M. DELLA , LONARDO F. , VENTRUTO V. , STRISCIUGLIO P. 
Published: March 2008

SUMMARYPhenotypical and radiologic features of two unrelated patients with the syndrome Tricho‐Rhino‐Phalangeal syndrome type I (TRP I) and one with the syndrome TRP I1 are reported. All three cases were sporadic and the parents were non‐consanguineous. The interstitial deletion of the chromosome 8q, evaluated on pro‐. metaphases chromosomes, was not observed in any of the patients.
Aberrant Hepatic Ducts
Authors: BENSON M.D. , STRONG R.W. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTAwareness of, and consequent identification of, aberrant hepatic bile ducts is essential in per‐forming appropriate biliary surgery. Cholangiography is mandatory whenever there is any doubt about the anatomy of the biliary tree in order to avoid the attendant increased morbidity and mortality of reoperation on the biliary tree.Seven case studies are presented together with a review of aberrant and accessory bile ducts and cholecystohepatic connections.
Left Aortic Arch with Right Descending Aorta
Authors: MOK C.K. , CHEUNG K.L. , CHAN F.L. , LEUNG M.P. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThe radiographic findings in a 57‐year‐old‐man with left aortic arch and right descending aorta are described.Left aortic arch with right descending aorta, first described by Paul in 1948, is a very rare congenital anomaly. To our knowledge only 16 cases have been reported in the English literature. We describe here an additional case to emphasize its existence and supplement the data in the literature.
Unilateral Pulmonary Edema Associated with Pulmonary Arterial Compression
Authors: McTIGUE C. , SCURRY J.P. , SILBERSTEIN M. 
Published: March 2008

SUMMARYA case of an intmpericardial hmatoma leading to unilateral pulmonary edema is reported. Because of old pericardl adhesios, the haematoma had collected in the transverse‐sinus, where it compressed the right branch of the pulmonary artery and left atrium, leading to left sided edema.ABSTRACTA case of unilateral pulmonary edema in a patient on anticoagulants is described. Angiography demonstrated extrinsic pulmonary artery compression. At post‐mortem a pericardial haematoma was found to be compressing the opposite pulmonary artery.
Typhlitis: Neutropaenic Colitis
Authors: VOWELS MICHAEL 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTTyphlitis is an unusual complication, seen most commonly in leukemic patients. One case is reported here and discussed.CT findings are specific, with caecal wall thickening being the most common finding and differentiation from periappendiceal abscess, leukemic deposits and intramural haemorrhage should be possible.Radiological recognition is important, as uncomplicated typhlitis is best managed conservatively, but any evidence of perforation or abscess formation is an indication for surgery.
Pseudomyoma Peritonei — Preoperative Diagnosis on CT Sean A Report of 2 Cases
Authors: KHANNA S. , BERRY M. , KAPUR B.M.L. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThe entity of pseudomyxoma peritonei was often diagnosed formerly on laparotomy. However, with the advent of sonography and computerised tomography it is now possible to suggest correct pre‐operative diagnosis and thereby proper management. Such two cases diagnosed pre‐operatively on CT are reported here.
Box Diagram to Express Tumour Extent: Basis of a New Staging System in Carcinoma of the Cervix?
Authors: MB MICHAEL ASHBY 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThe FIGO classification for the clinical staging of carcinoma of the cervix does not adequately express primary tumour extent or volume, and contains anomalies which probably lead to a wide variation in therapeutic results between centres (particularly in Stages II and III). A box diagram method of recording primary tumour extent is proposed and was applied to a retrospective study of 191 women aged 35 years and under with invasive carcinoma of the cervix. Patients who scored one or two boxes (Stages IB, IIA and IIB with unilateral parametrial infiltration) have a similar actuarial 5 years survival rate: 70% and 69% respectively. Those with 3 boxes (Stage IIA and B, bilateral Stage IIB and unilateral IIIB) and 4 boxes or more (Stages IIA and B, bilateral IIIB) involved had a substantially worse survival: 44% and 22% respectively. No patient, with more than five boxes involved was cured. The further study of this system, its potential in clinical research, and as part of a possible revised staging system are discussed.
Outpatient Myelography with Iohexol and Iopamidol; Pilot Study and Contrast Trial
Authors: WAUGH JOHN R. , SACHARIAS NINA 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT50 patients underwent myelography on an outpatient basis; the incidence and severity of side effects were compared, in a prospective study, with 180 inpatient examinations over the same period. In addition, in the initial 200 myelograms (36 outpatient and 164 inpatient) iohexol and iopamidol were compared in a double blind trial.Headache was the most common side effect in both patient groups, recorded in 50% of outpatients and 25% of inpatients. Other side effects were of comparable incidence. 84% of outpatients undergoing myelography found it “acceptable”, and did not consider a night in hospital necessary after the procedure. No difference in side effects was demonstrated between the two contrast media.This pilot study suggests that outpatient myelography is practical and safe, with considerable cost saving implications.
Volume Related Configurational Changes in The Aetiology of Pelvi‐Ureteric Junction Obstruction
Authors: CAMPO JOHN DE , FOWLER ROBERT 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThe aetiology of pelivi‐ureteric junction (PUJ) obstruction is controversial. We present four patients who had normal or equivocal intravenous pyelograms and non‐obstructive Whitaker tests in whom complete pelvi‐ureteric obstruction was precipitated by more rapid distension of the renal pelvis. We speculate that in vivo physiological urine flow rates and temporary kinking of PUJ produces a critical increase in pelvic volume and subsequent valvular kinking of the upper ureter, which cannot be usually achieved by maximal urine flow rates alone. Co‐existence of vesico‐ureteric reflux (VUR) may be a contributory factor to critical pelvic distension and tortuous PUJ. Volume related con‐figurational changes of this type are probably a more frequent cause of PUJ obstruction than is generally recognised.
Coronary artery calcification identified by CT in patients over forty years of age
Authors: WOODRING JOHN H. , WEST JOHN W. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTIn a study of 100 unselected patients forty years of age or older, routine CT of the thorax demonstrated coronary artery calcification in 41%. Calcification of the left anterior descending was most common, occurring in 34%. For patients 60 years of age and over, clinical evidence of coronary artery disease was 1.7 times more common in those with calcification compared to those without; however, for patients under 60, coronary artery disease was 5.5 times more common in those with calcification than those without. Because of the strong relationship that is known to exist between coronary artery calcification and coronary arteriosclerosis, we believe that the incidental discovery of coronary artery calcification on routine CT of the thorax has significance. All patients under 60 with coronary artery calcification discovered on CT should be investigated for hyperlipidemia if this has not been done, and, if they are not known to have a history of coronary artery disease, they should have a stress test and, if positive, arteriography may be warranted.
Erosive Spondylo‐Arthropathy and Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
Authors: ABLER J.S. , CAMERON D.C. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTA patient on long term haemodialysis for analgesic nephropathy, with known teriary hyperparathyroidism developed a rapidly evolving, erosive, non‐infective spondylo‐arthropathy at two vertebral levels. In addition, erosions were noted adjacent to the right sacroiliac joint.Subsequent postmortem material from the affected vertebral levels demonstrated changes consistent with hyperparathryoidism alone and this is suggested as the possible aetiology underlying this recently recognised destructive spondyloarthropathy.
The Distribution of Bone Metastases as Shown on Isotope Scanning: Proposed Modes of Spread
Authors: F.R.A.C.P. C. STYLES 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTBone metastases may result from arterial, retrograde venous or direct spread. Three groups of patients; with carcinoma of lung, carcinoma of breast and carcinoma of prostate, each of approximately 50 individuals were studied to examine patterns of spread in order to relate this to the mechanism of seeding.Statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed in early bone spread in carcinoma of prostate (absence of skull involvement), carcinoma of lung (presences of posterior chest wall involvement) and carcinoma of breast (presence of anterior chest wall involvement).The results support retrograde venous reflux as being an important contributing mode of spread for carcinoma of prostate and local spread as being relevant in the early spread of carcinoma of lung and breast.
Technetium‐99m Radiocolloid Scintigraphy, Planar and SPECT Red Blood Cell Imaging and Ultrasonography in Diagnosis of Hepatic Hemangioma
Authors: PRAKASH RAJEEV , GUPTA RAKESH K. , NARAYANAN RAJAN V. , CHAKRAVARTY SHYAMAL K. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTTechnetium‐99m planar sulfur colloid scintigraphy, red blood cell imaging and ultrasonography were performed in eighteen patients of hepatic hemangioma to evaluate their diagnostic utility. Radiocolloid scans detected fourteen hemangiomas in 12 patients as focal hepatic defects but missed 9 lesions smaller than 2.5cm in the other 6 patients, accounting for a 61% sensitivity. All 23 lesions were avascular or normovascular on radionuclide flow study. Serial planar red blood cell scintigraphy showed characteristic gradually increasing focal isotopic accumulation in the 14 hemangiomas which had identifiable cold areas on the radiocolloid study. One of 6 patients with normal radiocolloid scan also showed the typical increasing blood pool pattern of hemangioma, five had normal planar scans till 11/2 hours. SPECT red blood cell imaging in these 5 patients detected an additional seven hemangiomas. All 7 lesions were smaller than 2.5cm. One 1.5cm hemangioma was missed on both planar and SPECT red blood cell imaging. Region of interest ratios in SPECT transaxial images confirmed gradually increasing concentration of labeled red blood cells in the lesions. Ultrasonography detected 22 of the 23 hemangiomas. Ten were hyperechoic, average size 2.25cm. Twelve were of mixed pattern, generally larger, average size 7.2cm. Sonography is useful in the detection of hepatic hemangiomas as a focal mass lesion, but the variable sonographic appearance precludes a definite pathological diagnosis. Technetium‐99m red blood cell imaging appears a sensitive technique in detection of hepatic hemangioma, with SPECT being especially useful in locating smaller lesions. The addition of SPECT to planar red blood cell imaging considerably improves the sensitivity of this highly specific technique for an accurate non‐invasive diagnosis in hepatic hemangioma.
Galactography with Contrast and Dye — A Two Stage Radiological/Surgical Approach to Serous or Bloody Nipple Discharge
Authors: OSBORNE Dr. JONATHAN 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTPatients with serous or bloody nipple discharge arising from a single duct are treated by a joint radiological/surgical approach at our institution. Two galactograms are performed; the first with contrast medium alone to indentify any lesion and the second, one hour prior to surgery, using both contrast and methylene blue. This defines the area for the surgeon ensuring the involved duct is removed. Several case histories are described and the galactographic technique is detailed.
Antenatal Sonographic Diagnosis of Chorioangioma of Placenta
Authors: KAPOOR RAVI , GUPTA AJAY K. , SING S. , SOOD A. , SAHA MADAN M. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTA rare case of chorioangioma of the placenta with unusual sonographlc pattern diagnosed antenatally is presented. Another unusual feature of the case is the associated raised maternal serum alphafetoprotein level.