bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Visual and Surgical Outcomes in Late Presentation of Retinal Detachment
Authors: Talpur Bibi Rafeen , Fariha Sher Wali  , Memon Shahzad , Surhio Waqas Ali , Younus Maryam 
Published: April 2024

Purpose: To evaluate the frequency of treatment success in terms of visual and surgical outcomes in patients with late presentation of retinal detachment.
Study Design: Quasi experimental.
Place and Duration of Study: Sindh institute of Ophthalmology and visual Sciences from June 2022 to January 2023.
Methods: A total of 50 eyes of 50 patients with delayed presentation of retinal detachment who underwent Pars Plana Vitrectomy (PPV) were included and followed up for 6 months. Preand post-surgery Best Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA) and anatomical attachment of retina were comprehensively analyzed. Factors affecting an atomical success were also studied.
Results: Mean age of patients was 47±18 years. Twenty seven patients were (54%) were more than 45 years of age and 32(64%) were males. Thirty eight (76%) patients achieved successful anatomical attachment of retina at 6th month follow-up. Post-operative BCVA also showed improvement in vision.Risk factors identified for poor anatomical and visual outcome following PPV for retinal detachment are; PVR advance stage, longer duration of visual symptoms and poor-presenting BCVA. Age, sex, laterality, Pre-operative BCVA, lens status, diagnosis, and type of surgery showed insignificant associations (P >0.05).
Conclusion: Anatomical failure and poor functional outcomes appear to be mostly caused by PVR. PVR, longer duration of visual symptoms and poor-presenting VA are risk factors for poor anatomical and visual outcome following PPV surgery for RD. Late presentations to clinics can decrease with mass awareness. The frequency of proliferative vitreoretinopathy would decline, and visual results would be improved.
Late-Onset Capsular Block Syndrome: A One Year Follow-up Case Report
Authors: Ludovico Iannetti1  , David Shaholli  , Mauro Salducci  
Published: April 2024

We report a case of late Capsular Block Syndrome (CBS) in a patient who underwent cataract surgery 12 years back. It was diagnosed with slit-lamp examination and by using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) that showed hyper-reflective material trapped in the capsular bag, between the IOL posterior surface and the posterior capsule. Anterior capsule fibrosis was seen in both eyes but in the left eye capsulorhexis showed irregular margins and had a smaller diameter compared to the right eye. The CBS was treated with Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy allowing rapid evacuation of liquid towards the vitreous chamber. Complete resolution of CBS was confirmed by AS-OCT. Best Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA) of left eye improved from 0.2 logMAR before treatment to 0.0 logMAR one week after treatment. BCVA remained unchanged after one year of follow-up with no sign of new posterior capsular fibrosis.
Role of Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Predicting Risk of Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Ghazipura Arifa , Achakzai Najeebullah , Gaintry  , Aziz ur Rehman  , Alyscia Marium Cheema  
Published: April 2024

Purpose: To determine the role of Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA)in predicting risk of progression of diabetic retinopathy.
Study Design: Descriptive observational study.
Place and Duration of Study: Jinnah Post graduate Medical Center, Karachi, from June 2022 to June 2023.
Methods: Patients with type 1 or 2 diabetes were included. Base line investigations were done including Central subfield thickness and OCTA at first visit. Second visit was conducted at 6th month and patients were followed for 24 months.OCT images of poor quality, motion artifact, inaccurate partition of tissue layers and blurry images were excluded.
Results: Among 97 enrolled patients, 88 cases finished the complete 24-months follow up. Out of 88 patients, 16 (18.18%) patients showed progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR), 9 (10.22%) patients developed DME, two showed both DR and DME .In univariate analysis, greater FAZ area, reduced FAZ circularity, Fractal dimension (FD) and vessel density (VD) of the deep capillary plexus (DCP) were significantly related to the advancement in DR. Among these, FAZ area, VD, and FD remained significant in the multivariate analysis. Whereas, only decreased VD and FD of superficial capillary plexus (SCP) were significantly related to advancement in DR and DME.
Conclusion: Changes in OCTA parameters is significantly associated with progression of diabetic ocular complications including diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema. High risk subjects can be identified by this method for more rigorous treatment.
Awareness and Knowledge About RefractiveSurgery Among Medical Students in Baghdad
Authors: Suzan Amana Rattan  , Muayad Ridha Ruba , Qhatan Majeed Batool , Zaki  Hussien , Zahraa , Ali Abdullah Nabaa 
Published: April 2024

Purpose: Refractive error represents a common eye disorder that can significantly impact an individual's visual function and overall well-being. There are several methods of correcting refractive errors and objective of this study was to assess the awareness of refractive surgery and the preferred methods of refractive error correction among medical students in Baghdad.
Study Design: Cross sectional survey.
Place and Duration of Study: University of Baghdad Al-Kindy College of Medicinefrom November 2022 to March 2023.
Methods: Medical students from six Baghdad medical colleges with total sample size of 350 were included. Students who had undergone refractive surgeries and fifth and sixth year medical students were also excluded. Level of knowledge was categorized as; <50% (0-5) poor knowledge, 50-70% (6-8) moderate knowledge and >70% (9-12) good knowledge.
Results: Among the students with refractive errors, 82% had knowledge about their refractive error. Forty percent had myopia, 12% had astigmatism, 15 % had myopia and astigmatism, 10% had hyperopia, 5% had hyperopia and astigmatism. Among them 57.8% were not willing to undergo refractive surgery due to fear of complications. Forty eight percent had poor knowledge,43.1% had moderate and only 8.26% had a good knowledge of refractive surgeries. The majority preferred eyeglasses (82.6%) followed by both eyeglasses and contact lenses.
Conclusion: Students had good awareness about refractive surgery but their familiarity and knowledge about it remained poor because of complications. An overwhelming majority of students still preferred spectacles as the method for vision correction.
Coexistence of Diabetic Retinopathy and Diabetic Foot in Patients Admitted at Indoor Facility of a Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Matloob Rana Afia , Yousafzai Erum , Gul Humara , Akhter Waseem 
Published: April 2024

Purpose: To determine frequency of “diabetic retinopathy (DR)” in patients admitted at a tertiary care hospital with diabetic foot.
Study Design: Cross sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: HBS medical and dental college, Islamabad from November 2022 to November 2023.
Methods: Sixty two patients admitted with “diabetic foot ulcer”(DFU) were included in this study. Severity of DFU was assessed using . Patients were assessed for presence of “diabetic retinopathy (DR)” as well as its severity. Data was analyzed using SPSS 22.
Results: Mean age was 49.37 ± 11.02 years. There were 34 (54.84%) males and 28 (45.16%) females. Mean HbA1C% was 9.46 ± 1.11%. Mean duration of diabetes was 10.06 ± 5.53 years. Forty five percent patients had diabetic retinopathy (DR). Amongst these patients diagnosed with DR (n = 45), 6 (13.33%) had mild non-proliferative DR, 20 (44.44%) had moderate non-proliferative DR, 14 (31.11%) had severe non-proliferative DR and 5 (11.11%) had proliferative DR. According to Wagner Grade there were 32 (51.61%), patients with grade 2 DFU, 19 (30.65%) had grade 1 and 11 (17.74%) had grade 3. Coexistence of diabetic retinopathy and diabetic foot in patients admitted at indoor facility was 72.58%.
Conclusion: Prevalence of “diabetic retinopathy (DR)” in patients admitted with diabetic foot was 72.58%. Presence of diabetic foot can be considered as strong predictor of presence of concomitant “diabetic retinopathy”.
TERAPIAS CONSERVADORAS PARA LA FISURA ANAL: ABORDAJE DESDE LA ATENCIÓN PRIMARIA.
Authors: Alban Miguel Anderson Tayupanta , Roballino Zully Stefania Cedeño , Polo Jazmin Natalie Gallegos , Almeida Josselin Fabiola Chávez , Ponce Arianna Lissette Muñoz , Frias Paula Katherine Soria , Ramón Dayanna Briggitte  Obando , Chaguay Lissett Stefania Condo , Jiménez Paola Anabel Hurtado , Antepara Bismarck Stiven Pazmino , Romero Santiago Paul Lopez 
Published: April 2024

El diagnóstico y tratamiento de la fisura anal en el entorno de atención primaria requiere estrategias específicas que incluyen la anamnesis detallada, el examen físico y en algunos casos pruebas complementarias. Además, el manejo terapéutico inicial se centra en medidas conservadoras y farmacológicas para aliviar los síntomas y promover la curación de la fisura anal. Objetivo: El propósito de esta revisión bibliográfica es evaluar de manera integral las terapias conservadoras utilizadas en el abordaje de la fisura anal, con un enfoque particular en su aplicación en el entorno de la atención primaria. Metodología: Se realizó una búsqueda exhaustiva en bases de datos como PubMed, Scopus y Web of Science utilizando descriptores de salud y se analizaron un total de 12 artículos relevantes y finalmente se llevó a cabo un análisis narrativo para sintetizar los resultados, destacando las tendencias y conclusiones más relevantes encontradas en la literatura revisada Resultados: La anamnesis detallada y el examen físico son cruciales para el diagnóstico preciso de la fisura anal, mientras que las pruebas complementarias se reservan para casos más complejos. El tratamiento inicial no quirúrgico se basa en cambios en la dieta, baños de asiento y el uso de medicamentos tópicos, con el objetivo de reducir el tono muscular anal y promover la curación. Conclusión: Las estrategias de diagnóstico y tratamiento de la fisura anal se centran en un enfoque integral que combina la evaluación clínica, el manejo conservador y el uso selectivo de pruebas complementarias, permitiendo un abordaje efectivo y seguro.
Trends in water quality of Waikolu Stream, Kalaupapa National Historical Park, Moloka?i, Hawaii, 2007?2017
Authors: Raikow David , Wasser Mark , McCutcheon Amanda , Farahi Anne 
Published: April 2024

Water quality was monitored in Waikolu Stream, Kalaupapa National Historical Park, Moloka?i, Hawa?i from 2007-2017. Water was collected for nutrient analyses and a sonde equipped with multiple probes was used to measure water quality parameters. The sampling regime was based on a split-panel of permanently established or ?fixed? sites sampled during each sampling effort, and ?temporary? sites of randomly assigned locations, for each sampling effort.
Results included:
?	NO-3 + NO-2 regularly exceeded state water quality criteria.
?	TP exceeded state water quality criteria once out of three quarters evaluated.
?	Other nutrient concentrations were consistent with Hawaiian streams.
?	Waters were clear and well oxygenated.
?	Conditions were consistent with similar pacific island streams.
?	Dissolved nutrient fractions dominated base flow conditions.
?	Seasonality was detected for TDN, NO-3 + NO-2, chlorophyll, pH, oxygen, and temperature.
?	Several trends were detected; however, the magnitude of change was small and did not warrant concern.
?	Temporal patterns did not obviously correspond to climate conditions.
?	Parameters varied spatially to a limited extent, with nitrogen decreasing and temperature, specific conductance, and oxygen increasing from headwaters to the mouth.
?	Temporary site conditions were highly correlated with fixed sites and did not provide additional insights.

Water quality in Waikolu Stream was generally good with the exception of NO-3 + NO-2 which exceeded state standards. However, concentrations of NO-3 + NO-2 were generally consistent with many streams in Hawaii and natural causes of observed concentrations may have included older soils, steep slopes, and high precipitation. Exotic species including ungulates, which are known to occur in Waikolu Valley, could have contributed to elevated N through droppings and soil erosion in the riparian zone. Waikolu Stream TDN, TDP, chlorophyll, pH, turbidity, SpC, and oxygen were consistent with streams in other well-protected NPS watersheds on pacific islands on Maui, Guam, and American Samoa.
Due to the watershed?s small size, the stream?s short length, and because variation or unique conditions were not captured by using split-panel, we recommend reducing the sampling effort. For example, our observations indicate that one easily accessible site in the lower reaches of the stream (FKALA03) displays water quality that reflects the entire stream. We also recommend adding nutrient analytes to better characterize biogeochemical cycling in this stream, including TP, TN, NH+4, and PO4. A power analysis is underway to evaluate reduction of sample sites. Such a reduction will result in large cost savings for the PACN water quality monitoring program.
Application of Hybrid Radionuclide Imaging Technologies and Radionuclide Therapy in Patients with Osteogenic Sarcoma
Authors: Ryzhkov A. D. , Krylov A. S. , Pronin A. I. , Geliashvili T. M. , Nikolaeva E. A. , Pavlova A. V. 
Published: April 2024

Purpose: To demonstrate the capabilities of various hybrid methods for studying the skeletal system in diagnosing the primary focus and metastases of osteosarcoma. To acquaint specialists with the prospects of using radionuclide therapy in the treatment of patients with osteosarcoma.Material and methods: The material consisted of the most demonstrative cases from the clinical practice of the N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology.Results: The given examples showed the need to involve all possible radionuclide modalities for diagnosis and, especially, monitoring of patients with osteosarcoma for earlier detection of relapses and metastases.Conclusions: The wider use of modern hybrid research methods (SPECT/CT and PET/CT) makes it possible to expand the possibilities for earlier detection of osteosarcoma metastases not only in bones, but also in other organs and tissues.
PET/CT with <sup>18</sup>F-FDG for TENIS Syndrome in a Patient with Bone Metastasis of Hurthle Cell Thyroid Cancer: a Clinical Case Report
Authors: Li A. A. , Geliashvili T. M. , Sushencov E. A. , Parnas A. V. , Baranova O. D. , Goncharov M. O. , Ilyakov V. S. , Puchnina A. V. 
Published: April 2024

A significant role in improving the prognosis of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) in the presence of bone metastases is determined by early diagnosis of metastases, timely and correctly selected treatment tactics for the patient. During dynamic follow-up of patients with DTC after combined treatment (thyroidectomy with radioiodine therapy) are determination of the level of oncomarkers (serum thyroglobulin and antibodies to thyroglobulin) and ultrasound diagnostic of the neck, scanning with radioactive iodine (if clinically indicated). In some cases, patients have TENIS-syndrome (Thyroglobulin Elevated Negative Iodine Scintigraphy, hereinafter TENIS-syndrome), characterized by high serum thyroglobulin level in blood and absence of radioactive iodine accumulation on post therapeutic scintigraphy. According to the research studies, PET/CT with 18F-FDG has high sensitivity and specificity (89 % and 72 %, respectively) in visualization of metastatic radioiodine refractory foci in TENIS-syndrome.This article presents a clinical case of a patient, a 52-year-old woman with Gurtle cell thyroid cancer (pT3aN0M0, stage I) with established TENIS syndrome. Thyroidectomy was performed in September 2019 and radioiodine therapy was performed in January 2022 due to suspected disease progression given high thyroglobulin levels. Given the absence of pathologic accumulation of 131I according to post-therapy radioiodine scanning, PET/CT with 18F-FDG was performed, which revealed a solitary metastasis in the left iliac bone (41×35×42 mm with SUVmax 17.25). In November 2022, radical treatment of the solitary bone metastasis was performed in the scope of resection of the left iliac bone with reconstructive-plastic component. According to the data of control examinations in June 2023, the patient has a complete biochemical and radiologic remission of the disease.
Achievement of Goal Orientation and Academic Engagement among Adolescents in Southwestern Uganda
Authors: Ndyareeba Eunice , Biirah Judith , Kibedi Henry Kasawo 
Published: April 2024

Enhancing academic engagement is essential for improving the educational experiences of adolescents. Guided by Social Cognitive Theory, this study explored the relationship between achievement goal orientation and academic engagement among 510 secondary school students in Southwestern Uganda. The study focused on two forms of goal orientation—mastery-approach and performance-approach goals—and examined the mediating and moderating role of academic self-efficacy. The results, derived from self-reported data, indicate that approach achievement goals (mastery and performance) positively predict academic engagement, independently. Moreover, academic self-efficacy plays a dual role: while it mediates the relationship between approach achievement goals (mastery and performance) and academic engagement, self-efficacy also moderates the relationship between performance-approach achievement goals and academic engagement. These findings underscore the importance of academic self-efficacy and achievement goal orientation in enhancing academic engagement among adolescent students, especially in low socioeconomic status communities. This research contributes to the understanding of factors like teacher-student relationship, external support offered by Compassion International program, goal setting skills training and predetermined external rewards can enrich the educational experiences of students in low resource education contexts
Kelas Antenatal: Persepsi Dan Dukungan Suami Terhadap Keikutsertaan Ibu Hamil
Authors: Heryani Putu Trisna , Parwati Ni Wayan Manik , Darmayanti Putu Ayu Ratna 
Published: April 2024

Latar belakang: Di Indonesia, penyebab tidak langsung kematian ibu salah satunya adalah ketidaksiapan ibu untuk menjalani persalinan. Program kelas antenatal merupakan upaya untuk membantu ibu dalam untuk mempersiapkan persalinan. Persepsi dan dukungan suami menjadi faktor penting dalam keikutsertaan ibu hamil dalam kelas antenatal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara persepsi dan dukungan suami dengan keikutsertaan ibu hamil dalam kelas antenatal di Puskesmas Tembuku II. Metode: Desain cross-sectional digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan melibatkan 113 ibu hamil trimester III yang dipilih secara total sampling. Data di kumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner lalu dianalisis dengan uji Spearman Rank. Hasil: Persepsi ibu hamil sebagian besar kurang yaitu 48 orang (42,5%), dukungan suami sebagian besar rendah 51 orang (45,1%), dan keikutsertaan ibu hamil sebagian besar kurang aktif yaitu 58 orang (51,3%). Ada hubungan positif kuat yang signifikan antara persepsi dengan keikutsertaan dan hubungan dukungan suami dengan keikutsertaan (p=0,001, r persepsi ibu hamil= 0,53, dan r dukungan suami= 0,74). Kesimpulan: Persepsi dan dukungan suami berperan penting dalam keikutsertaan ibu hamil mengikuti kelas antenatal. Peningkatan pendidikan dan dukungan bagi ibu hamil serta peran aktif suami dalam memberikan dukungan emosional dan praktis selama kehamilan diperlukan. Program pendidikan seperti kampanye penyuluhan kesehatan, dan penyediaan layanan yang memadai untuk mendukung peran aktif pasangan dalam perawatan prenatal.
Kata Kunci : Dukungan Suami, Keikutsertaan Kelas Antenatal, Persepsi
Peningkatan Pengetahuan Perawatan Gigi Dan Mulut Anak Sekolah Secara Ceramah, Demostrasi Dan Leaflet
Authors: Sihombing Enna Rossalina , Octavia Erica 
Published: April 2024

Kesehatan gigi dan mulut sangat penting dalam setiap kehidupan manusia termasuk pada anak, karena tidak dilakukan perawatan dengan baik dapat menyebabkan kerusakan pada gigi dan mulut yang akan menyebabkan rasa sakit, gangguan pengunyahan, dan dapat mengganggu kesehatan tubuh lainnya seperti gangguan pada saluran pencernaan. Berdasarkan Riset Kesehatan Dasar (RISKESDAS) 2018 menyatakan bahwa 93 %, anak di Indonesia mengalami karies pada gigi dan karies gigi ini menunjukan adanya masalah akan kebersihan gigi dan mulut. Salah satu upaya untuk mencegah terjadinya gangguan pada gigi dan mulut perlu adanya penyuluhan tentang perawatan gigi dan mulut. Metode yang dilakukan untuk anak adalah dengan cara ceramah, demontrasi dan pemberian leaflet, karena dengan ketiga metode pengajaran ini akan menyebabkan siswa akan lebih dapat mengerti akan perawatan gigi dan mulut. Tujuan : Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui Peningkatan Pengetahuan Perawatan Gigi Dan Mulut Anak Sekolah Secara Ceramah, Demostrasi Dan Leaflet pada anak sekolah dasar di SD Santo Fransiskus III Jakarta Timur. Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan metode quasi eksperimen dengan menggunakan rancangan one group pre and postes design. Sampel sebanyak 80 responden yang berdasarkkan rumus solvin. Penelitian dilakuan di SD Swasta Santo Fransiskus III Jakarta Timur, pada bulan Juli 2022. Uji kuesioner dilakukan uji validitas, menggunakan program SPSS 24 dengan teknik Product Moment Pearson sedangkan pada uji reliabilitas dengan menggunakan teknik Alpha Chronbach dengan hasil Cronbach's Alpha = 0,642; Untuk uji statistic menggunakan distribusi frekuensi untuk uji uni variabel dan Uji Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test untuk lihat ada atau tidaknya peningkatan pengetahuan perawatan gigi dan mulut. Sebelum dilakukan penelitian, dilakukan uji etik dari komisi etik STIK Sint Carolus Hasil : Berdasarkan hasil univariat Mayoritas tingat pretes responden sebelum dilakukannya penyuluhan kurang mengetahui pengetahuan tentang perawatan gigi dan mulut sebanyak 33 responden (41,3%), cukup sebanyak 32 responden (40,0%) dan baik sebanyak 15 responden (18,8%). Namun setelah dilakukannya penyuluhan kesehatan tentang perawatan gigi dan mulut, pengetahuannya meningkat sebanyak 100,0% Uji statistik menggunakan Uji Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test diperoleh nilai z : -7,695 (z < 0,05) yang artinya ada pengaruh pengetahuan perawatan gigi dan mulut antara sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan edukasi secara ceramah, demonstrasi dan pemberian leaflet.Kesimpulan : Ada peningkatan pengetahuan Perawatan Gigi Dan Mulut Secara Ceramah, Demostrasi Dan Leaflet pada anak Sekolah Dasar Swasta Santo Fransiskus III, Jakarta Timur,
Kata kunci: pre dan postes,perawatan gigi dan mulut, tingkat pengetahuan