bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early-Stage Gastric MALT Lymphoma: Is It a Truly Localized Disease?
Authors: Siakantaris Marina P. , Pangalis Gerassimos A. , Dimitriadou Evangelia , Kontopidou Flora N. , Vassilakopoulos Theodoros P. , Kalpadakis Christina , Sachanas Sotirios , Yiakoumis Xanthi , Korkolopoulou Penelope , Kyrtsonis Marie-Christine , Bobotsis Panayia , Androulaki Athina , Patsouris Eustratios , Panayiotidis Panayiotis , Angelopoulou Maria K. 
Published: February 2009

Learning Objectives
After completing this course, the reader should be able to: In your patients with gastric MALT lymphoma (GML), determine accurate staging and formulate appropriate treatment strategies.Assess early stage GML patients who should be closely monitored for early intervention and manage treatment plans.Design further studies with different modality treatments to explore the impact of occult blood disease on patients' outcomes.
This article is available for continuing medical education credit at CME.TheOncologist.com.
Incidence of Hospitalization Due to Pneumonia in Children Aged Less than 3 Years
Authors: Cilla Gustavo , Oñate Eider , Pérez-Yarza Eduardo G. , Nogués Agustin , Pérez-Trallero Emilio 
Published: February 2009

Background:
The aim of this study was to determine the hospitalization rate due to pneumonia in preschool
children in our region and to compare the rate found with those reported in the literature.

Methods:
We performed a prospective study between October 2004 and September 2006 in patients aged less than 3 years
old in San Sebastian (Spain) and the surrounding region. All children admitted to hospital for radiologically-confirmed
pneumonia (presence of lobar or segmental alveolar infiltrate, interstitial infiltrate and/or pleural effusion) were included.

Results:
There were 116 episodes requiring hospitalization, representing an incidence of 6.4 cases/1000 inhabitants (6.2 in
infants aged less than 1 year and 6.6 in children aged 12-35 months). Admission to the intensive care unit was required in
10.3% (12/116). Alveolar infiltrate was found on chest radiograph in 62.1% (72/116), ranging from 51.4% (19/37) in infants
aged less than 1 year and 69.6% (32/46) in children aged 24 months or more. Mortality at 30 days of admission was
nil.

Conclusion:
The incidence of hospitalization due to community-acquired pneumonia in infants and children, as well as
that of pneumonia with alveolar infiltrate, was high in our region. Evaluation of the potential utility of the new pneumococcal
conjugate vaccine and the influenza vaccine for children should also take into account their effectiveness in preventing
pneumonia in this age group.
High Hydrostatic Pressure for Disinfection of Bone Grafts and Biomaterials: An Experimental Study
Authors: Gollwitzer Hans , Mittelmeier Wolfram , Brendle Monika , Weber Patrick , Miethke Thomas , Hofmann Gunther O , Gerdesmeyer Ludger , Schauwecker Johannes , Diehl Peter 
Published: February 2009

Background:Autoclaving, heat, irradiation or chemical detergents are used to disinfect autografts, allografts and biomaterials for tissue reconstruction. These methods are often associated with deterioration of mechanical, physical, and biological properties of the bone grafts and synthetic implants. High hydrostatic pressure has been proposed as a novel method preserving biomechanical and biological properties of bone, tendon and cartilage. This is the first study to assess the inactivation of clinically relevant bacteria on biomaterials and human bone by high hydrostatic pressure.Methods:Bacterial suspensions ofStaphylococcus aureus,Pseudomonas aeruginosaandEnterococcus faecium, implants covered with infected blood, human bone infectedin vitro, and biopsies of patients with chronic osteomyelitis were subjected to different protocols of high hydrostatic pressure up to 600 MPa. Bacterial survival after high hydrostatic pressure treatment was determined and compared with bacterial growth in untreated controls.Results:S. aureusandP. aeruginosain suspension were completely inactivated by high hydrostatic pressure (> 5log levels), whereasE. faeciumshowed barotolerance up to 600 MPa. Blood and adherence to metal implants did not significantly alter inactivation of bacteria, and complete disinfection was achieved with barotolerant bacteria (S. aureusandP. aeruginosa). However, osteoarthritic bone demonstrated a non-homogeneous baroprotective effect, with single bone samples resistant to treatment resulting in unaltered bacterial growth, and complete disinfection of artificially infected bone specimens was achieved in 66% forS. aureus, 60% forP. aeruginosaand 0% forE. faecium. Human bone samples of patients with chronic osteomyelitis could be completely disinfected in 2 of 37 cases.Conclusion:High hydrostatic pressure offers new perspectives for disinfection of sensitive biomaterials and bone grafts, and contamination by blood did not significantly affect bacterial inactivation rates. However, a significant baroprotective effect was demonstrated in bone. Effectiveness is currently limited to colonization and / or infection with barosensitive micro-organisms.
Depreciation of Airplanes and Garbage Trucks: Information Value and Fraud Prevention in Financial Reporting
Authors: Mohrman Mary Beth 
Published: February 2009

ABSTRACT: This assignment will provide you with a better understanding of the costs and benefits of management's use of judgment in financial reporting. First, you will look at the differences in depreciation policies among three firms in one industry (airlines). This provides an opportunity to examine why firms in the same industry might adopt different depreciation policies for similar assets. Then, you will read about Waste Management, a case in which managers manipulated depreciation estimates to manage earnings. Finally, you will be asked to evaluate a hypothetical proposal to require all firms owning similar assets to depreciate them over the same period.
Analyzing depreciation differences between three airlines and speculating about the reasons for those differences will give you an appreciation for how firms can reveal information through their accounting policies. The Waste Management case shows how firms can abuse the discretion that GAAP allows. Assessing a proposal to require uniform depreciation estimates will provide an opportunity to analyze the tradeoff between information value and prevention of earnings management.
The clinical spectrum of fetal Niemann–Pick type C
Authors: Spiegel Ronen , Raas‐Rothschild Annick , Reish Orit , Regev Miriam , Meiner Vardiella , Bargal Ruth , Sury Vivi , Meir Karen , Nadjari Michel , Hermann Gratiana , Iancu Theodor C. , Shalev Stavit A. , Zeigler Marsha 
Published: February 2009

AbstractNiemann–Pick type C (NPC) disease is a lysosomal neurovisceral storage disease. The spectrum of the clinical presentation as well as the severity of the disease and the age of presentation may be highly variable. Fetal presentation is rarely described in the literature. Here, we report on seven new cases of fetal onset NPC of whom two were diagnosed in utero and five postnatally. The fetal clinical presentation, included, in utero splenomegaly (6/7), in utero hepatomegaly (5/7), in utero ascites (4/7), intra uterine growth retardation (IUGR) (2/7), and oligohydramnios (2/7). Placentomegaly was present in two of the three pregnancies examined. Congenital thrombocytopenia (4/4), congenital anemia (2/4), and petechial rash (2/5) were diagnosed immediately after birth. Three patients were born preterm. Pregnancy and postnatal outcome were remarkably poor with one case of intrauterine fetal death, one elective termination of pregnancy, and four patients who died within the first months of life from a rapidly fatal neonatal cholestatic disease. NPC1 gene mutation analysis identified all of the mutant alleles including three novel mutations. Splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, and ascites were the most consistent prenatal ultrasonographic findings of the NPC fetuses. We suggest that once identified these findings, should raise the suspicion of fetal NPC. Our study further expands the antenatal clinical spectrum of NPC and provides clues to its prenatal diagnosis. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Genitopatellar syndrome in an adolescent female with severe osteoporosis and endocrine abnormalities
Authors: Penttinen Maila , Koillinen Hannele , Niinikoski Harri , Mäkitie Outi , Hietala Marja 
Published: February 2009

AbstractGenitopatellar syndrome (GPS) is a rare disorder with characteristic craniofacial features, congenital flexion contractures of the lower limbs, absent or abnormal patellae, urogenital anomalies, and severe psychomotor retardation. Twelve patients with ages from 15 days to 12 years and two affected fetuses have been reported. We describe a 17‐year‐old female with a phenotype consistent with GPS. Being the oldest reported patient, she is the first one showing severe symptomatic osteoporosis and endocrine abnormalities including primary hypothyroidism and delayed puberty. We suggest that these novel findings are also manifestations of GPS. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Osteogenesis imperfecta type III with intracranial hemorrhage and brachydactyly associated with mutations in exon 49 of COL1A2
Authors: Faqeih Eissa , Roughley Peter , Glorieux Francis H. , Rauch Frank 
Published: February 2009

AbstractOsteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a heritable bone disorder characterized by fractures with minimal trauma. Intracranial hemorrhage has been reported in a small number of OI patients. Here we describe three patients, a boy (aged 15 years) and two girls (aged 17 and 7 years) with OI type III who suffered intracranial hemorrhage and in addition had brachydactyly and nail hypoplasia. In all of these patients, OI was caused by glycine mutations affecting exon 49 of the COL1A2 gene, which codes for the most carboxy‐terminal part of the triple‐helical domain of the collagen type I alpha 2 chain. These observations suggest that mutations in this region of the collagen type I alpha 2 chain carry a high risk of abnormal limb development and intracranial bleeding. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Aplasia of cochlear nerves and olfactory bulbs in association with SOX10 mutation
Authors: Barnett C.P. , Mendoza‐Londono R. , Blaser S. , Gillis J. , Dupuis L. , Levin A.V. , Chiang P.W. , Spector E. , Reardon W. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractA 17‐month‐old boy was referred with profound sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), severe visual impairment and developmental delay. Neuroimaging identified hypomyelination and cochlear nerve aplasia. He was noted to have fair skin and hair and multiple areas of cutaneous hyperpigmentation. Previous investigations including karyotype, array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) and a full metabolic screen were normal. A novel missense mutation of the highly conserved high mobility group (HMG) domain of SOX10 was identified (Q174P:c.521A>C). This case represents the first description of aplasia of the cochlear nerve due to a SOX10 mutation. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Assessing reproductive profiles in female brown mouse lemurs (Microcebus rufus) from Ranomafana National Park, southeast Madagascar, using fecal hormone analysis
Authors: Blanco Marina B. , Meyer Jerrold S. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractStudies on reproductive endocrinology in wild primate populations have greatly increased in the last decades owing to the development of noninvasive techniques that can be applied under field conditions. However, small‐bodied nocturnal species are not well represented on the long list of primates surveyed in the wild, and reproductive inferences regarding these animals in their natural habitats have not benefited from direct observations of hormonal changes. We collected fecal samples from female brown mouse lemurs (Microcebus rufus) in a southeastern rainforest of Madagascar in order to determine whether or not fecally excreted steroid levels show a consistent pattern of change during the reproductive season and are a useful complement to reproductive observations in wild‐trapped individuals. Initial data show variation in reproductive hormone levels before and after estrus and estimated day of parturition. Elevated levels of excreted estradiol (E2) were observed around the time of estrus, whereas high levels of fecal progesterone (P) were seen during later stages of pregnancy and around parturition. A more complete picture of reproductive profiles in female mouse lemurs, and how they may change over the life span, can be obtained if hormone analyses are used to supplement field observations. Am. J. Primatol. 71:439–446, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Unterdrückte Partikelbildung durch kinetisch kontrollierten Ozonentzug: zur Bedeutung der Chemie kurzlebiger Spezies bei der Alkenozonolyse
Authors: Wolf Jan L. , Suhm Martin A. , Zeuch Thomas 
Published: February 2009

AbstractMit dem neuartigen Ansatz des kinetisch kontrollierten Ozonentzugs wurde aufgedeckt, dass bei der Gasphasenozonolyse von Methylcyclohexen und Methylencyclohexan (MCHa) unter Alkenüberschussbedingungen die Partikelbildung unterdrückt wird (siehe Graph). Die Ergebnisse stützen die Hypothese, dass Peroxyradikale an der Nukleation und am Wachstum organischer Aerosole beteiligt sind.magnified image
Integrated Oxidative Folding of Cysteine/Selenocysteine Containing Peptides: Improving Chemical Synthesis of Conotoxins
Authors: Walewska Aleksandra , Zhang Min‐Min , Skalicky Jack J. , Yoshikami Doju , Olivera Baldomero M. , Bulaj Grzegorz 
Published: February 2009

AbstractBrückenbau: Eine Kombination aus Diselenid‐ und selektiv 15N/13C‐markierten Disulfidbrücken erleichtert die oxidative Faltung und die Disulfidkartierung. Conotoxin‐Analoga mit je einem Paar von Selenocystein‐ (Sec) und markierten Cysteinresten (siehe Schema, rot) wiesen ein deutlich verbessertes Faltungsverhalten auf, und dank der markierten Cysteinreste ließ sich die gefaltete Spezies schnell NMR‐spektroskopisch charakterisieren.magnified image
Self‐Assembly Made Durable: Water‐Repellent Materials Formed by Cross‐Linking Fullerene Derivatives
Authors: Wang Jiaobing , Shen Yanfei , Kessel Stefanie , Fernandes Paulo , Yoshida Kaname , Yagai Shiki , Kurth Dirk G. , Möhwald Helmuth , Nakanishi Takashi 
Published: February 2009

AbstractFulleren‐Flocken: Ein Fullerenderivat mit Diacetylen‐Funktionen ordnet sich in flockenförmigen Mikropartikeln an (siehe Bild). Sowohl die Diacetylen‐ als auch die C60‐Einheiten können effektiv vernetzt werden. Dabei entstehen supramolekulare Materialien, die gegen Lösungsmittel, Hitze und mechanische Belastung erstaunlich beständig sind. Die Oberfläche der vernetzten Flocken ist überdies sehr haltbar und wasserabweisend.magnified image
Titelbild: Solid‐State Scrolls from Hierarchical Self‐Assembly of T‐Shaped Rod–Coil Molecules (Angew. Chem. 9/2009)
Authors: Hong Dong‐Je , Lee Eunji , Jeong Haemi , Lee Jeong‐kyu , Zin Wang‐Cheol , Nguyen Trung Dac , Glotzer Sharon C. , Lee Myongsoo 
Published: February 2009

AbstractFeste Rollen bilden sich reversibel durch Selbstorganisation stabförmiger Moleküle, an die seitlich knäuelförmige Einheiten angebracht sind, im Unterschied zu Schichtstrukturen, die durch Selbstorganisation planarer Moleküle entstehen. Wie M. Lee et al. in der Zuschrift auf S. 1692 ff. schildern, lässt sich die Kernstruktur der Rollen, die entweder gefüllten Zylindern oder hohlen Röhren entsprechen, durch Variation der Länge der Knäuel‐Einheit steuern. Das Titelbild zeigt ausgerichtete röhrenförmige Rollen mit wohldefinierter Ordnung der Stabsegmente innerhalb einer Ebene.magnified image
Innentitelbild: Synthese, Struktur und Komplexierungseigenschaften von partiell und vollständig reduzierten meso‐Octamethylporphyrinogenen (Calix[4]pyrrolen) (Angew. Chem. 9/2009)
Authors: Blangy Valeria , Heiss Christoph , Khlebnikov Vsevolod , Letondor Christophe , Stoeckli‐Evans Helen , Neier Reinhard 
Published: February 2009

AbstractCalix[4]pyrrol ein leicht zugänglicher Makrocyclus, der seit über 120 Jahren dank der Arbeiten von Adolf von Baeyer bekannt ist, ändert seine Eigenschaften vollständig bei einer Reduktion. Der reduzierte Makrocyclus wird in der Zuschrift von H. Stoeckli‐Evans, R. Neier et al. auf S. 1716 ff. zum ersten Mal beschrieben. Metallkomplexe können leicht synthetisiert werden, wobei eine fixierte Anordnung von vier gerichteten Wasserstoffbrückendonoren gebildet wird.magnified image
Icon of Chemistry: The Periodic System of Chemical Elements in the New Century
Authors: Wang Shu‐Guang , Schwarz W. H. Eugen 
Published: February 2009

AbstractA closer look: A deeper theoretical understanding of the multifaceted periodic system of elements (PSE) has been achieved in recent years. The large energy gaps above the noble gas shells 1s2andnp6(n=2–6) impress periodicity onto the whole PSE, which is complete with Period 7. The electron configurations of unbound atoms are chemically misleading. The commonn+lrule is an example of the “invention of facts” even in the hard sciences.magnified image
Polymer‐Mediated Hierarchical and Reversible Emulsion Droplet Assembly
Authors: Weaver Jonathan V. M. , Rannard Steven P. , Cooper Andrew I. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractMaking and breaking: Stable, functional micrometer‐sized emulsion droplets can be assembled into various complex macroscopic liquid structures (see picture). The hierarchical assembly process is mediated by interactions between polymeric surfactant molecules located on the droplet surfaces. These interdroplet interactions are reversible, therefore these “engineered emulsions” can be readily disassembled by using a simple pH switch.magnified image
Integrated Oxidative Folding of Cysteine/Selenocysteine Containing Peptides: Improving Chemical Synthesis of Conotoxins
Authors: Walewska Aleksandra , Zhang Min‐Min , Skalicky Jack J. , Yoshikami Doju , Olivera Baldomero M. , Bulaj Grzegorz 
Published: February 2009

AbstractBuilding bridges: The use of diselenide and selectively (15N/13C)‐labeled disulfide bridges is combined to give improvements in oxidative folding and disulfide mapping. Conotoxin analogues, each with a pair of selenocysteines (Sec) and labeled cysteines (see scheme, red), exhibited significantly improved folding and the labeled cysteines allow correctly folded species to be rapidly identified by NMR spectroscopy.magnified image
Singly Hydrogen Bonded Supramolecular Ligands for Highly Selective Rhodium‐Catalyzed Hydrogenation Reactions
Authors: Breuil Pierre‐Alain R. , Patureau Frederic W. , Reek Joost N. H. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractH bonds make the catalysts! A single hydrogen bond between ligands coordinated to a rhodium center is critical for the formation of pure supramolecular catalysts for asymmetric hydrogenation reactions. The ester group of the amidite ligand (see scheme) also forms a hydrogen bond with the coordinated substrate. Use of the heterocomplex afforded the highest enantioselectivity reported to date for the hydrogenation of several ester substrates.magnified image
Color Tunability and Electrochemiluminescence of Silver Nanoclusters
Authors: Díez Isabel , Pusa Matti , Kulmala Sakari , Jiang Hua , Walther Andreas , Goldmann Anja S. , Müller Axel H. E. , Ikkala Olli , Ras Robin H. A. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractColorful clusters: Silver nanoclusters consisting of only a few atoms exhibit large chemical‐environment‐responsive shifts of their optical absorption and emission bands, that is, large solvatochromism (see picture). The photophysical characteristics and electrochemiluminescence of the Ag clusters give them remarkable advantages over larger nanoparticles in applications such as molecular sensing.magnified image
Cover Picture: Solid‐State Scrolls from Hierarchical Self‐Assembly of T‐Shaped Rod–Coil Molecules (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 9/2009)
Authors: Hong Dong‐Je , Lee Eunji , Jeong Haemi , Lee Jeong‐kyu , Zin Wang‐Cheol , Nguyen Trung Dac , Glotzer Sharon C. , Lee Myongsoo 
Published: February 2009

AbstractSolid scrolls are reversibly formed by self‐assembly of rod‐shaped molecules with laterally attached coil units, in contrast to the layered structures formed from self‐assembly of planar molecules. As described by M. Lee and co‐workers in their Communication on page 1664 ff., the core structure of the scrolls, which are either filled cylinders or hollow tubes, can be controlled by variation of the length of the coil unit. The cover picture shows aligned tubular scrolls displaying well‐defined in‐plane ordering of the rod segments.magnified image
Modified 26 and 28 π Hexaphyrins with Five meso‐Links: Optical, Redox, and Structural Properties
Authors: Gokulnath Sabapathi , Prabhuraja Viswanathan , Suresh Cherumuttathu H. , Chandrashekar Tavarekere K. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractRedox active hexaphyrins: Modified hexaphyrins with five meso links have been synthesized and characterized. These hexaphyrins not only exhibit conformational flexibility but also undergo facile redox interconversion between aromatic 26π and 28π non‐aromatic systems in accordance with (4n+2) Hückel's rule.magnified imageThe syntheses of new aromatic 26π and non‐aromatic 28π hexaphyrins through a [4+2] acid catalyzed condensation of easily available and air‐stable precursors are reported. Both 26π and 28π hexaphyrins are reversibly transformed into one another by two‐electron reduction with NaBH4 or two‐electron oxidation with dichlorodicyanobenzoquinone (DDQ) respectively. Detailed optical and NMR spectral studies suggests that the [26]hexaphyrin is aromatic and possesses a diatropic ring current, while [28]hexaphyrin exhibits non‐aromatic characteristics. The structural characterization has been done with extensive 1H and 2D NMR studies. Theoretical calculations performed with various conformational possibilities tested for the unsubstituted hexaphyrin, at semiempirical level, suggest that the most stable conformation takes an inverted structure with one pyrrole ring inversion. The energy optimization for the final geometry of the unsubstituted hexaphyrin, performed at the B3LYP/6‐31G* level of DFT, shows excellent agreement with the structure derived from the solution NMR data. Electrochemical data reveals HOMO destabilization with increasing π‐electron conjugation consistent with the large red shifts of the absorption bands.