bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Key parameters of gob-side entry retaining by roof cutting in close-distance seam group
Authors: Hu Chaowen , Yang Xiaojie , Li Qian , Hu Bing , Li Yongyuan , Jiang Qi , Sun Fulong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDuring the process of close-distance seam group mining, the coal pillar in the upper coal seam is a stress-concentrated area, which leads to a loss of stability of the roadway during mining of the lower coal seam. This lack of stability introduces great safety hazards to coal mines. To solve the problem of stress concentration of coal pillars, the method of gob-side entry retaining by roof cutting is proposed to remove the coal pillar. In this study, FLAC3D was used to analyze the depth and angle of pre-split blasting. LS-DYNA was used to analyze the spacing of the blasthole. Using the methods of theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, we determined that the optimal depth of the pre-split blasting was 6 m, the optimal angle for pre-split blasting was 15°, and the optimal spacing of the blasthole was 500 mm. A field test was carried out in the 1010201 ventilation roadway of the Yuwang Coal Mine, China. The on-site peeping results showed that when the spacing of the blasthole is 500 mm, connecting cracks can form under the action of blasting stress. After the working surface is mined, the roof strata could collapse and fill the gob over time when the depth and angle of the pre-split blasting are 6 m and 15°, respectively.
Ultrasonic pulse velocity and artificial neural network prediction of high-temperature damaged concrete splitting strength
Authors: Almasaeid Hatem 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTo examine the integrity of any structure following a fire, assessments of the impact of high temperatures on concrete are essential, particularly its decreased in tensile strength. Destructive examinations, such as the extraction of concrete cores, can pose significant cost and safety challenges, particularly when applied to structures that have already sustained damage. Consequently, for assessing damaged concrete, non-destructive in-situ tests are the favored approach. This study aims to develop an artificial neural network model utilizing data from ultrasonic pulse velocity measurements. The model's purpose is to assess the tensile splitting strength of concrete subjected to elevated temperatures, ranging from 200 to 800 °C. The splitting strength investigation showed that increasing the exposure temperature from 200 to 800°C results in splitting strength reduction of 15 to 75% respectively. Also, the ultrasonic pulse velocity experienced a reduction of 85% when the exposure temperature reaches 800 °C. In addition, the results of the artificial neural network model indicated that ultrasonic pulse velocity and temperature data were sufficient to reasonably forecast the tensile splitting strength of concrete. The developed artificial neural network model has a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.943, a mean absolute relative error (MARE) of 5.028, and an average squared error (ASE) of 0.000907.
Development and testing of automatic seedling extractor in robotic transplanter using mechatronics for nursery seedlings
Authors: Khadatkar Abhijit , Magar A. P. , Sawant C. P. , Modi R. U. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractVegetable seedling transplanting is a time-consuming and laborious process. Utilizing cutting-edge technologies, and automation of transplanting will ensure efficient operations. A robotic transplanter featuring a single jaw-type gripper has been created and tested for the extraction of seedlings from nursery protrays. This system employs computer-based programming for Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC), to execute the seedling extraction using a gripper-type end-effector. The gripper removes each seedling separately from the first row of the nursery tray and releases them to the delivery pipe. Then the designed robot propels itself forward using DC motors and a PLC-based directional control unit. The PLC allows users to input the desired seedlings extraction through an LCD screen. The developed system was tested with vegetable seedlings including chilli and tomato, and resulting the seedling extraction rate of 3 seedlings/min. The results showed that for nursery-grown seedlings, the success rate, leakage rate as well as successful transplanting ranged from 91 to 95%, 7.6 to 13.9%, and 86.8 to 90.3%, respectively. Due to a lack of manual manpower for field operations, robotic transplanters could be the future of Indian agriculture.
Enhancing the cell viability and antibacterial properties of alginate-based composite layer by adding active particulates
Authors: Al-Hasani Fatimah J. , Hamad Qahtan A. , Faheed Noor K. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBecause of their exceptional biological, mechanical, and structural capabilities, polymer matrix composite materials are immensely appealing in the biomedical industry, particularly for surface activation of metallic implants and tissue engineering. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of adding 5% active metallic particles (Mg particles and Ag nanoparticles) to an alginate matrix on cell survival (fibroblast MG-36 cells), antibacterial activity, surface texture, roughness, and wettability. The incorporation of 5% Mg particles and Ag nanoparticles in polymeric matrix employed composite material with outstanding properties. The adding of Mg and Ag particles boosted wettability by decreasing the contact angle from 56.83° to 0°. The activity of Candida albicans and Porphyromanoas gingivalis was significantly reduced, particularly with Ag nanoparticles, which fight bacteria by blocking cell development and improving the antimicrobial properties of composite materials. The use of Ag nanoparticles to strengthen alginate resulted in higher fibroblast proliferation for MG-63 cell at the outer layer, which resulted in superior cell viability (24, 48, and 72). Meanwhile, due to Mg's high activity, the reverse effect was found when Mg particles were used, making the composite surface more active (enriched with Mg ions).
Courageous Love: K. C. Bhattacharyya on the Puzzle of Painful Beauty
Authors: LAWSON EMILY , LOPES DOMINIC MCIVER 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn the 1930s, the Bengali philosopher K. C. Bhattacharyya proposed a new theory of rasa, or aesthetic emotion, according to which aesthetic emotions are feelings that have other feelings as their intentional objects. This paper articulates how Bhattacharyya's theory offers a novel solution to the puzzle of how it is both possible and rational to enjoy the kind of negative emotions that are inspired by tragic and sorrowful tales. The new solution is distinct from the conversion and compensation views that dominate the existing literature, and it derives its significance from how it ties aesthetic experience to self-awareness.
“More than Words”: A Legal Approach to the Risks of Commercial Chatbots Powered by Generative Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Migliorini Sara 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe recent commercial release of a new generation of chatbot systems, particularly those leveraging Transformer-based large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT, has caught the world by surprise and sparked debate about their potential consequences for society. While concerns about the existential threat posed by these technologies are often discussed, it is crucial to shift our focus towards the more immediate risks associated with their deployment. Such risks are further compounded by the lack of proactive measures addressing users’ literacy and the for-profit model via which these chatbots are distributed. Drawing on research in computer science and other fields, this paper looks at the immediate risks triggered by these products and reflects on the role of law within a broader policy directed at steering generative artificial intelligence technology towards the common good. It also reviews the relevant amendments proposed by the European Parliament to the European Commission’s proposal for an AI Act.
PROJECTIVE CHARACTER VALUES ON REAL AND RATIONAL ELEMENTS
Authors: HIGGS R. J. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLet
$\alpha $
be a complex-valued
$2$
-cocycle of a finite group G with
$\alpha $
chosen so that the
$\alpha $
-characters of G are class functions and analogues of the orthogonality relations for ordinary characters are valid. Then the real or rational elements of G that are also
$\alpha $
-regular are characterised by the values that the irreducible
$\alpha $
-characters of G take on those respective elements. These new results generalise two known facts concerning such elements and irreducible ordinary characters of
$G;$
however, the initial choice of
$\alpha $
from its cohomology class is not unique in general and it is shown the results can vary for a different choice.
GENERATING FUNCTIONS FOR THE QUOTIENTS OF NUMERICAL SEMIGROUPS
Authors: LIU FEIHU 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe propose generating functions,
$\textrm {RGF}_p(x)$
, for the quotients of numerical semigroups which are related to the Sylvester denumerant. Using MacMahon’s partition analysis, we can obtain
$\textrm {RGF}_p(x)$
by extracting the constant term of a rational function. We use
$\textrm {RGF}_p(x)$
to give a system of generators for the quotient of the numerical semigroup
$\langle a_1,a_2,a_3\rangle $
by p for a small positive integer p, and we characterise the generators of
${\langle A\rangle }/{p}$
for a general numerical semigroup A and any positive integer p.
Between international norms and land politics: the role of translocal actors in Kenyan arenas of land policy reform
Authors: Di Matteo Francesca 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn Kenya, the return to the multiparty democracy of the 1990s and the initiation of the Constitutional Review of the early 2000s were two critical junctures that catalysed reform momentum and the development of transnational reform networks. Transnational relations were developed between Kenyan professionals (lawyers and academics among others), their international counterparts, and the local activists representing rural constituencies, so as to influence policymaking during constitutional and land policy reforms. These transnational networks influenced content and shape of land policy narratives by vernacularising the international norms that promote formal recognition of customary land rights. These international norms were not straightforwardly imported into Kenyan policies and statues: intense negotiations amongst actors in policy arenas resulted in their vernacularisation. Kenyan translocal actors appropriated the community land narrative, hybridised and reinterpreted it. This paper documents and analyses how the notion of community land was enshrined in Kenyan policy and constitutional documents through transnational relations. I argue that this notion of community land was shaped to the Kenyan historical and political context, at times defeating the original goal of promoting a property rights model alternative to land privatisation, and at times echoing the colonial category of tribal land, and exclusive territorial control.
A blueprint for health technology assessment capacity building: lessons learned from Malta
Authors: Abraham Katharina , Kvamme Ingelin , Magrin Sammut Sylvana , de Vries Simone , Formosa Tanya , Dupree Rudy , Corro Ramos Isaac , Goettsch Wim , Franken Margreet 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objectives
The development and strengthening of health technology assessment (HTA) capacity on the individual and organizational level and the wider environment is relevant for cooperation on HTAs. Based on the Maltese case, we provide a blueprint for building HTA capacity.

Methods
A set of activities were developed based on Pichler et al.’s framework and the starting HTA capacity in Malta. Individual level activities focused on strengthening epidemiological and health economic skills through online and in-person training. On the organizational level, a new HTA framework was developed which was subsequently utilized in a shadow assessment. Awareness campaign activities raised awareness and support in the wider environment where HTAs are conducted and utilized.

Results
The time needed to build HTA capacity exceeded the planned two years accommodating the learning progress of the assessors. In addition to the planned trainings, webinars supplemented the online courses, allowing for more knowledge exchange. The advanced online course was extended over time to facilitate learning next to the assessors’ daily tasks. Training sessions were added to implement the new economic evaluation framework, which was utilized in a second shadow assessment. Awareness by decision-makers was achieved with reports, posters, and an article on the current and developing HTA capacity.

Conclusions
It takes time and much (hands-on) training to build skills for conducting complex assessment such as HTAs. Facilitating exchange with knowledgeable parties is crucial for succeeding as well as the buy-in of local managers motivating staff. Decision-makers need to be on-boarded for the continued success of HTA capacity building.
Striving for autonomy and feminism: What possibilities for Saudi Women?
Authors: Smail Salhi Zahia 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCaught in a web of cultural and religious conservatism, a totalitarian government that does not permit any form of civil society organisation, it is hardly surprising to note that before 1991 Saudi women could not mobilise in a movement to demand their confiscated rights. Until very recently, Saudi women were deprived of suffrage rights, freedom of movement, and the right to own their bodies and act freely without the consent of their male guardians. This article traces Saudi women’s trajectory to secure citizenship rights and achieve autonomy against the threat of a conservatism that is deeply imbedded in the Saudi socio-cultural fabric.
Retrospective Analysis of Circumstances of Falls and Related Injuries across Levels of Care in Older Adult Retirement Home Facilities
Authors: Cleworth Taylor W. , Perlman Christopher , Killingbeck Jaimie , Laing Andrew C. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTowards developing more effective interventions for fall-related injuries, this study analysed a novel database from six retirement home facilities over a 4-year period comprising 1,877 fallers and 12,445 falls. Falls were characterized based on location, activity, injury site, and type, and the database was stratified across four levels of care: Independent Living, Retirement Care, Assisted Care, and Memory care. Falls most occurred within the bedroom (62.8%), and during unknown (38.1%), walking (20.2%), and transfer tasks (14.6%). Approximately one in three (37%) of all falls resulted in an injury, most commonly involving the upper limb (31.8%), head (26.3%), and lower limb (22.2%), resulting in skin tears (35.3%), aches/pains (29.1%), or bruises (28.0%). While fall location, activity, and injury site were different across levels of care, injury type was not. The data from this study can assist in targeting fall-related injury prevention strategies across levels of care within retirement facilities.
Psychological capital and work functioning of workers with recurrent or metastatic cancer beyond return to work
Authors: Boelhouwer Ingrid G. , van Vuuren Tinka 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectivesThe existing studies among workers with a past cancer diagnosis have rarely focused on workers confronted with cancer recurrence or metastases specifically, so knowledge is lacking. The aim of this study, therefore, was to investigate the work functioning (work ability, burnout complaints, and work engagement) of workers with recurrent or metastasized cancer. Furthermore, the association of psychological capital (hope, optimism, resilience, and self-efficacy) with work functioning was studied.MethodsData from a survey study among workers 2–10 years past cancer diagnosis were used (N = 750); 73% reported a diagnosis of breast cancer and 27% a diagnosis of cancer other than breast cancer. Analysis of variance was used to compare participants with and without cancer recurrence or metastases regarding work functioning (work ability, burnout complaints, and work engagement) and psychological capital (hope, optimism, resilience, and self-efficacy). Multivariate regression analyses were used to analyze the association of type of cancer and psychological capital with work functioning among workers with cancer recurrence or metastatic cancer (n = 54), controlling for age.ResultsWork ability is significantly lower among workers with cancer recurrence or metastases (controlling for age); however, burnout complaints and work engagement are at comparable levels. Among workers with cancer recurrence or metastases, a higher level of hope is positively associated with work ability and work engagement, and a higher level of hope or resilience is negatively associated with burnout complaints.Significance of resultsAmong workers with cancer recurrence or metastases, work ability needs attention. Furthermore, especially the element hope of psychological capital is important to focus on because of the association with more favorable work functioning in general. The clinical psycho-oncological practice may benefit from these insights in guiding this vulnerable group of workers who are living with active cancer and many uncertainties.
Identification, mapping, and chemical control of fleabane resistant to glyphosate, chlorimuron, paraquat, and 2,4-D
Authors: Lorenzetti Juliano Bortoluzzi , Danilussi Maikon Tiago Yamada , Albrecht Alfredo Junior Paiola , Barroso Arthur Arrobas Martins , Albrecht Leandro Paiola , Silva André Felipe Moreira , Santos Guilherme Rossano dos , Caneppele Giuzeppe Augusto Maram 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Monitoring herbicide-resistant weeds makes it possible to study the evolution and spread of resistance, which provides important information for their management. The objective of this study was to map fleabane accessions in the states of Paraná (PR) and Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), Brazil, to identify herbicide-resistant accessions and their response to soybean preplant chemical burndown management strategies. Fleabane seeds were collected in agricultural areas in PR and MS in 2018, 2019, and 2020. Initial screening was performed for glyphosate, chlorimuron, paraquat, 2,4-D, saflufenacil, and glufosinate efficacy. Subsequently, dose-response experiments were conducted. Field experiments were carried out in three locations, where accessions of multiple herbicide–resistant Sumatran fleabane were identified. Herbicides were used in single or sequential applications at three plant heights (<5 cm, 5 to 10 cm, and >10 cm). After preliminary screening, accessions were classified as putative resistant (<80% control for all four replicates), segregated (<80% control for one to three replicates), or susceptible (>80% control for all four replicates). There was no evidence of resistance to glufosinate or saflufenacil in any of the 461 accessions, while 65 demonstrated possible resistance or segregation to glyphosate only, 235 to glyphosate + chlorimuron, 79 to glyphosate + chlorimuron + paraquat, 59 to glyphosate + chlorimuron + 2,4-D, and 23 with four-way resistance (glyphosate, chlorimuron, paraquat, and 2,4-D). Of these 23 accessions, seven were analyzed using dose-response curves (F2 generation), all from PR, confirming four-way resistance to glyphosate, chlorimuron, paraquat, and 2,4-D. To control resistant Sumatran fleabane, an application should prioritize smaller plants. Despite resistance to 2,4-D, double mixtures containing this herbicide were among the most effective treatments in plants <5 cm in height. If a sequential application is needed for plants >5 cm in height, we recommend glyphosate + synthetic auxin followed by glufosinate or glyphosate + saflufenacil.
Flawed Emergency Intervention: Slow Ocean Response to Abrupt Stratospheric Aerosol Injection
Authors: Pflüger Daniel , Wieners Claudia E. , van Kampenhout Leo , Wijngaard René R. , Dijkstra Henk A. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractGiven the possibility of irreversible, anthropogenic changes in the climate system, technologies such as solar radiation management (SRM) are sometimes framed as possible emergency interventions. However, little knowledge exists on the efficacy of such deployments. To fill in this gap, we perform Community Earth System Model 2 simulations of an intense warming scenario on which we impose gradual early‐century SRM or rapid late‐century cooling (an emergency intervention), both realized via stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI). While both scenarios cool Earth's surface, ocean responses differ drastically. Rapid cooling fails to release deep ocean heat content or restore an ailing North Atlantic deep convection but partially stabilizes the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation. In contrast, the early intervention effectively mitigates changes in all of these features. Our results suggest that slow ocean timescales impair the efficacy of some SAI emergency interventions.
Auroral Characteristics Related to AU&AL Indices
Authors: Wu Chen , Ridley Aaron J. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAuroral images of the N2 Lyman‐Birge‐Hopfield emissions from Polar Ultraviolet Imager (UVI) for 1.5 years are used to investigate the auroral characteristics related to the AU and AL indices that represent the directly driven and unloading processes in the solar wind‐magnetosphere‐ionosphere coupling, respectively. Findings include: (a) Growing AL mainly relates to the nightside aurora and tends to keep the general auroral morphology. (b) As AU increases, the aurora brightens and expands more globally, especially in the midnight to postmidnight sector. (c) The regional auroral power (AP), equatorward boundary, poleward boundary, and peak intensity change quasi‐linearly with intensifying AU and AL. (d) The rates of change depend on the MLT and AU/AL levels. The same dataset has been used to construct the empirical Feature Tracking of Auroral Precipitation (FTA) model which specifies the global energy flux and mean energy determined by the AE index (FTA‐AE). As an extension of FTA‐AE, the relationships of the auroral emission with the AU&AL indices were derived to construct the FTA‐AU&AL model which specifies a more consistent aurora during different magnetospheric driving modes compared to FTA‐AE. Comparisons of AP from the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program Special Sensor Ultraviolet Spectrographic Imagers (SSUSI) measurements and empirical auroral models show that the FTA‐AE and ‐AU&AL models predicted larger AP than the Fuller‐Rowell and Evans (1987) model and the OVATION‐prime model did. As the activity level increased, all four models tended to underestimate the AP but the FTA APs increased relatively faster and were therefore more consistent with the data.