bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Mapping—Practices and Standards
Authors: Johnson AI , Pettersson CB , Fulton JL 
Published: March 2009

Description
Maps, remote sensing imagery, and geographic information systems (GIS) have become increasingly important in providing essential data for solving problems related to ground water contamination, water resources management, construction, land use, waste management, minerals exploration, transportation routing, and environmental site characterization. STP 1126 is a valuable resource for those who are considering using these three elements, as well as for advanced users.
26 peer-review papers cover standardization, and applications (general technology; soil and geologic engineering; and ground water and environment). The papers, written by an interdisciplinary and international group of engineers and scientists, provide: a multidiscipline overview of applications; professional discussions and commentary on applications, including successful (as well as unsuccessful) case histories; and an understanding of needs and directions for standardization.
For civil engineers, environmental engineers, scientists, GIS professionals, photogravmetry and remote sensing specialists, and geohydrologists. Also for land planners and policy makers using GIS.
Slurry Walls: Design, Construction, and Quality Control
Authors: Paul DB , Davidson RR , Cavalli NJ 
Published: March 2009

Description
Learn from both successful and unsuccessful case histories presented by an international group of engineers, scientists, and practitioners in this publication from ASTM. 30 peer-reviewed papers provide experiences and findings related to the design, construction, and quality control methods for slurry walls.
In four sections:
• State-of-the-Art
• Hazardous Waste
• Seepage Cutoffs
• and Structural.
New Methods for Corrosion Testing of Aluminum Alloys
Authors: Agarwala VS , Ugiansky GM 
Published: March 2009

Description
13 papers were presented at the International Symposium on Corrosion Testing Of Aluminum Alloys. This symposium was an outcome of a workshop on exfoliation corrosion, which was organized to discuss the usefulness of various current standards on exfoliation and corrosion testing and their applicability to current requirements and new advanced aluminum alloys.
Corrosion Forms and Control for Infrastructure
Authors: Chaker V 
Published: March 2009

Description
25 papers cover:
• Highway and Bridge Deterioration
• Numerical Analysis
• Atmospheric Corrosion
• Electrochemical Impedance Applications
• Stray Current Control
• Innovative Solutions for Pipes
• Corrosion of Rebar in Concrete
• Life Cycle Analysis
• Sensors for Monitoring Infrastructure Corrosion
• Corrosion Forms in Transportation Infrastructure.
Low Temperature Lubricant Rheology Measurement and Relevance to Engine Operation
Authors: Rhodes RB 
Published: March 2009

Description
9 peer-reviewed papers by key contributors:
• offer a chronology of developments regarding the low-temperature rheological techniques and specifications that apply to the low-temperature cranking and pumping characteristics of engine oils;
• focus on the technological changes that have occurred since the completion of the last round of low-temperature engine and bench test studies
• and bring to light new information that will help determine whether the cranking,starting, and pumping needs of present-day engines are adequatelyserved.
Effects of Aggregates and Mineral Fillers on Asphalt Mixture Performance
Authors: Meininger RC 
Published: March 2009

Description
Using aggregates and mineral fillers in asphalt paving mixtures is discussed from both a research and practical point of view. The peer-reviewed papers have international perspective as well as insight into SHRP and state agency research and technology needs. The work and thinking of important research organizations, such as the National Center for Asphalt Technology at Auburn University and the laboratories of the Asphalt Institute, is also presented. 19 papers in 4 sections:
• Aggregates
• Mineral Fillers
• Mixture Evaluation
• and Fatigue, Modeling, and Theoretical
Nondestructive Testing Standards: Present and Future
Authors: Berger H , Mordfin L 
Published: March 2009

Description
Recent shifts in world trade and the growing awareness of the life-cycle costs of products has resulted in an increased appreciation of quality concepts and non-destructive testing. 24 papers cover:
• NDT Standards: The ASTM Program
• NDT Standards: NIST, DOD, ASTM, SAE, ISO, EC
• NDT Personnel Qualification: Here and Abroad
• NDT Standards: Advanced Applications.
Fatigue of Electronic Materials
Authors: Schroeder SA , Mitchell MR 
Published: March 2009

Description
Information from fatigue practitioners active in the microelectronics area that assess the current state and direction of fatigue/reliability research. 9 peer-reviewed papers provide:
• Valuable insight into the various methods in use to characterize the fatigue/creep interactions within solder under typical temperature and loading ranges of electronic systems
• Details on the complexity of fatigue/reliability testing of electronic component systems
• An excellent overview of the inherent complexities in accelerated fatigue testing of materials subject to high homologous temperatures and continual microstructural changes
• Examples of fatigue and creep characterization applied to reliability assessments of actual electronic components.
Constraint Effects in Fracture
Authors: Hackett EM , Schwalbe K-H , Dodds RH 
Published: March 2009

Description
Highlights include:
• A Framework for Quantifying Crack Tip Constraint
• Constraint and Toughness Parameterized by T
• An Experimental Investigation of the T Stress Approach
• Statistical Aspects of Constraint with Emphasis on Testing and Analysis of Laboratory Specimens in the Transition Region
• Predictions of Specimen Size Dependence on Fracture Toughness for Cleavage and Ductile Tearing
Environmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment
Authors: Landis WG , Hughes JS , Lewis MA 
Published: March 2009

Description
28 papers in this state-of-the-art publication present regulatory concerns, basic research, risk and hazard assessment, and methods development in environmental toxicology.
Sections include:
• Ecological Risk Assessment Under TSCA
• Evaluating Ecological Impacts at the Population and Community Levels
• Biomarkers
• Marine Toxicity Test Methods
• Methods Development.
Skiing Trauma and Safety: Ninth International Symposium
Authors: Johnson RJ , Mote CD , Zelcer J 
Published: March 2009

Description
Presents the most comprehensive summary of current issues in ski trauma research, and advances the knowledge that can further reduce the risk of injury in skiing. Because of the interdisciplinary nature of the subjects presented in this test, the 24 peer-reviewed papers are divided into the following categories:
• Alpine Skiing Epidemiology
• Biomechanical and Physiological Aspects of Skiing
• Ski Bindings
• Skiing Safety
• Other Winter Sports Injuries
Compression Response of Composite Structures
Authors: Groves SE , Highsmith AL 
Published: March 2009

Description
In the past, most of the literature on the compressive behavior of composites focused on composite response at the material level. In contrast, these have been few papers on the performance of composite structures subjected to compressive loads. STP 1185 provides this information by emphasizing composite structural response. 20 peer-reviewed papers cover: compression analysis • structural applications and performance • effects of constituents and mircomechanics • compression fatigue and lifetime assessment of properties • and compression test methods.
Nondestructive Testing of Pavements and Backcalculation of Moduli: Second Volume
Authors: Bush AJ , Von Quintus HL , Baladi GY 
Published: March 2009

Description
Divided into 4 sessions and one panel workshop/discussion on issues related to standardization of backcalculation procedures. The papers presented focus on the area of backcalculation of layer moduli techniques and comparisons of material moduli as measured in the laboratory to values calculated from field deflection measurements. Information from these papers and discussions were used to establish whether a backcalculation procedure could be standardized based upon the current state-of-the-art technology. Provides readers with much of the latest information in the areas of pavement evaluation using NDT techniques, and application of that data for use in pavement design.
In 5 sections:
• Measurement and calculation Techniques in the Field and Laboratory
• Problems/errors Associated with Backcalculation Methods and Design Parameters
• NDT for Other Pavement Uses
• Proposed Standard Guide.
Science and Technology of Building Seals, Sealants, Glazing, and Waterproofing: Second Volume
Authors: Klosowski JM 
Published: March 2009

Description
25 peer-reviewed papers cover:
•Artificial weatherometry compared to actual outdoor exposure of sealants
• Stresses in highway joint sealants and stresses that cause sealant failure
• Durability of structurally glazed curtain walls
• Early joint failure
• Silicone sealant adhesion technology
• Sealant test methods that test adhesion as compared to the constrained blister adhesion test
• Primer concept
• Special points designs and problems associated with them
• Factors effecting the life expectancy of an insulated glass unit
• Acrylic coatings.
Small Specimen Test Techniques Applied to Nuclear Reactor Vessel Thermal Annealing and Plant Life Extension
Authors: Corwin WR , Haggag FM , Server WL 
Published: March 2009

Description
31 papers cover three wide-ranging topics:
• unique small and miniature specimens, as well as nondestructive, nonintrusive, and in-situ test techniques for measuring mechanicals and fracture properties
• application of those techniques to assess irradiation-induced embrittlement
• and actual examples of the use of these techniques to verify results of thermal annealing of vessels and to evaluate potential reactor-vessel life extension.
Advances in Fatigue Lifetime Predictive Techniques: Second Volume
Authors: Mitchell MR , Landgraf RW 
Published: March 2009

Description
15 papers cover:
• fundamental issues in damage development and crack growth
• behavior in both low- and high-cycle regimes, under constant amplitude and spectrum loading conditions
• performance of advanced materials in hostile environments, including creep-fatigue and thermomechanical fatigue
• predictive techniques for the real-world environment.
Safety in Ice Hockey: Second Volume
Authors: Castaldi CR , Bishop PJ , Hoerner EF 
Published: March 2009

Description
Brings together a collection of 20 papers from the foremost experts in the field of ice hockey safety. Updated information related to epidemiological factors, injury treatment modalities, playing facilities, and protective equipment. Covers areas not previously addressed including shoulder injuries, several papers on the behavior aspects of hockey that may lead to injury, some updates on catastrophic injuries on the cervical spine.
Readers will gain an understanding of the causes and mechanisms associated with injury in ice hockey as well as information on injury risk reduction, conditioning and preparation for hockey.
Dynamic Geotechnical Testing II
Authors: Ebelhar RJ , Drnevich VP , Kutter BL 
Published: March 2009

Description
Cyclic and dynamic testing of soils for geotechnical engineering purposes and centrifuge testing has emerged as a new tool for understanding soil behavior and dynamic soil-structure interaction. STP 1213 is an excellent reference document on these latest testing practices, and emerging technologies and provides additional information on measuring soil properties used cyclic and dynamic loading conditions.
25 peer-reviewed papers give you an understanding of field, laboratory, and centrifuge methods used in cyclic and dynamic testing of soils for geotechnical engineering purposes.
The papers discuss:
• Descriptions of facilities, apparatus, and instrumentation used
• Theoretical analysis of apparatus and/or instrumentation
• Results and analysis of experimental research
• Discussion of testing procedures, improvements, and guidelines
Techniques in the Application of ISO 9585 Test Method for the Determination of Bone Plate Bending Properties
Authors: Cesarone DM , Disegi JA 
Published: March 2009

Specialized metallic bone plates are used to stabilize various types of bone fractures which occur in the upper and lower extremities. A knowledge of the relative bending strength and stiffness of bone plates is desirable to evaluate the effect of different materials and designs on clinical performance. Bending stiffness in the elastic region is primarily a function of the modulus of elasticity of the material and plate dimensions. Adequate bending strength is important to resist permanent deformation associated with single-cycle overload stress. Proper contouring of bone plates in the operating room is related to plate design.
ISO 9585, “Implants for Surgery — Method for Testing Bending Strength and Stiffness of Bone Plates,” describes a static four-point bend test for bone plates. Testing factors such as bone plate length, cylindrical roller dimensions, and flatness deviations are specified in the ISO test method. Plate placement on the bending rollers and plate orientation must also be controlled for consistent bend test results.
Correct interpretation of the load-deflection curve is required to accurately determine proof load, mean deflection, equivalent bending stiffness, and bending strength. Calculations based on established formulas are presented for typical test configurations.
Bend test results are compiled for implant-quality 316L stainless steel and unalloyed titanium, cloverleaf and T-plates. A modified test arrangement is described for the evaluation of 1.5 mm and 2.0 mm titanium mini-fragment plates.
Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion Testing
Authors: Kearns JR , Little BJ 
Published: March 2009

Description
A review of the state-of-the-art of microbiology influenced corrosion (MIC) testing in the early 1990s. Many industrial needs in the area of MIC testing are identified in these papers along with the latest laboratory and field testing techniques. Strategies to monitor and control corrosion and biofouling in water distribution systems, underground pipelines, buildings, and marine vessels are discussed. From this a consensus emerges on how to evaluate and reliably simulate microbiological factors in real systems and laboratory tests.
21 peer-reviewed papers in 6 chapters:
• Electrochemical Methods
• On-Line Monitoring Methods
• Surface Analysis
• SRB Characterization
• Non-Metallics
• and Service Water Systems.
Fire and Flammability of Furnishings and Contents of Buildings
Authors: Fowell AJ 
Published: March 2009

Description
An up-to-date review of furniture flammability and test methods for measuring the flammability of contents and furnishings of buildings. 14 peer-reviewed papers cover the development of fire tests and regulation on:
• Upholstered Furniture
• Bedding
• Wall and Floor Coverings
• Apparel
• Cabinetry
The papers reflect the involvement of ASTM, the National Fire Protection Association, the California Bureau of Home Furnishings, limited States organizations, European and international standards organizations, and various manufacturing trade associations.
Zirconium in the Nuclear Industry: Tenth International Symposium
Authors: Garde AM , Bradley ER 
Published: March 2009

Description
4 sections are devoted to various aspects of zirconium alloy corrosion: Hydrogen Effects; • Lithium Effects and Second-Phase Particles; • Oxide Characterization; • and In-Reactor Corrosion.
The remaining sections include Pressure Tubes; Fabrication; and Mechanical Properties.
Assignment of the Glass Transition
Authors: Seyler RJ 
Published: March 2009

Description
Reexamines an age-old phenomenon in amorphous and semi-crystalline materials, the glass transition. Perspectives from the physics, materials science, engineering, and manufacturing communities for both organic and inorganic materials. 24 peer-reviewed papers and discussions in four sections:
• Theory and Overview
• Instrumental Techniques
• Materials
• and Applications
Progress Toward a Standard Procedure for Point-Counting the Phases in Cement Clinker with Reflected Light Microscopy
Authors: Weigand WA 
Published: March 2009

Light microscopy can be used to gain insight into the cement manufacturing process and to guide the manufacturer in the production process. By quantitative phase determination, the microscopist can determine how much of each phase is present as well as its morphology.
The ASTM task group C01.23.02 on Microscopical Methods, under the C01.23 subcommittee on Compositional Analysis, has been developing a Standard practice for point counting of cement microstructure using reflected light microscopy. The task group is continuing with round robin testing. The inter-laboratory study results for one SRM indicate that counting 3 000 points is a good compromise between effort and accuracy. Intra-laboratory precision showed a need for a uniform level of training; therefore, a video tape has been made for training microscopists.
The Influence of Cement Type and Degree of Hydration on the Measurement of W/C Ratio on Concrete Fluorescent Thin Sections
Authors: Wirgot S , Van Cauwelaert F 
Published: March 2009

The capillary porosity of hardened concrete can be revealed by impregnation of the sample by a fluorescent epoxy resin.
The paper presents a method of measurement of the cement paste fluorescence (i.e. the W/C ratio) by image analysis coupled with an automatical statistical interpretation of the data.
Measurements were performed on thin sections of concrete of known W/C ratio with ASTM type I and ASTM type I-S cement.
The tests allow to conclude for a significant influence of the cement type on the relation between fluorescence and W/C ratio.
Further it is shown that the estimation of the W/C ratio depends on the degree of hydration of the concrete.
It is concluded that the measurement of the fluorescence gives an estimate of the capillary porosity rather than an estimate of the real W/C ratio.
Latvia Field Test of 915-mm Fiberglass Pipe
Authors: Howard A , Spridzans JB , Schrock BJ 
Published: March 2009

The USA and USSR jointly constructed a special test section of 915-mm diameter Reinforced Plastic Mortar (RPM) fiberglass pipe in June 1979 near Riga, Latvia. This experiment was part of the working agreement of the US-USSR team “Investigations of Effectiveness of Plastic Pipe in Drainage and Irrigation.” Measurements were made of pipe deflections, soil properties, and in-place densities. Six different embedment conditions were used. The pipe deflections were measured during each state of construction and over a 4-year period.
Data of particular interest is the increase in the vertical diameters caused during soil compaction at the sides of the pipe and the frequent deflection measurements in the few weeks following the final placement of the 3 m of backfill over the pipe. The ratio of the vertical deflection after 4 years to the vertical deflection on the day the backfilling was completed ranges from 1.6 to 1.7 for the dumped side support, 4.5 for a side support with a moderate degree of compaction, and 2.2 to 2.9 for the side support placed to a high degree of compaction.
Installation of Plastic Pipe Using Soil-Cement Slurry
Authors: Howard AK 
Published: March 2009

Soil-cement slurry used in buried pipe installations has become an increasing popular choice for contractors. Flexible pipe, including PVC and RPM, as well as rigid pipe are being installed using this technique. The ingredients of the soil-cement can vary, but typically is a combination of soil, portland cement, and water. In most cases, the pipe trench is trimmed to a semicircular shape that is only slightly larger than the pipe diameter. The soil-cement is used to fill the gap between the pipe and the in situ soil. Accordingly, the native trench material must be able to provide adequate supporting strength to the pipe. The consistency of the soil-cement can vary from a fluid (slurry) to a mixture with a 25 cm slump depending on the placement requirements.
The consistency, ingredients, and placement dimensions can all vary as long as two basic requirements are met: 1. The material must be placed so that there is complete contact between the pipe and the in situ soil. 2. The unconfined compressive strength of the hardened material is at least 700 kN/m2 (100 1b/in2) at 7 days.
The most suitable soil to use is a silty sand with the fines content not exceeding about 30 percent. This allows native soils from the trench excavation or from nearby the construction site to be used. Cementitious fly ash has been used in place of cement and bentonite has been added to improve pumping characteristics.
Design Methodology for High Density Polyethylene Manholes
Authors: Petroff LJ 
Published: March 2009

Polyethylene manholes are used in piping systems for sewage, storm water run-off, landfill leachate, and industrial effluent. Many manholes are used in applications no more than a few feet deep, where loading is minimal and almost any vertical structure will work. However, for manholes of any significant depth and for manholes located below the groundwater level, substantial earth and groundwater loads may exist. Although often ignored, these loads can approach critical values for the manhole. Evaluation of the manhole, embedment and loading is a crucial task of the design engineer. This paper presents a design methodology that may be used for such applications.
The design methodology considers both the ring-directed and the axial-directed effects of the applied earth pressure. Ring loads subject the manhole wall to compressive strains which, if not limited, can cause buckling. These loadings are usually intensified by groundwater. Axial strains occur in the manhole wall due to the downdrag of the surrounding soil. Proper design limits axial strains and provides an adequate safety factor against buckling.
Oriented PVC Pipe (PVCO): Experience and Research
Authors: Bauer DE 
Published: March 2009

As Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) sanitary and storm drain pipes have evolved with the advent of profile walls, so too will PVC pressure pipe with the advent of orientation. This paper discusses the basic concepts of reorienting PVC pipe, the basic production technologies involved, and the research and experience which span the past two decades around the world.
The principal benefit of reorientation is increased tensile strength resulting in an increase in the Hydrostatic Design Basis (HDB). However, the improvements in fatigue resistance, impact resistance and crack growth resistance are offshoots of the orientation process which perhaps offer the most significant advantages for end-use applications. The practical affects of these material property improvements are longer life under dynamic pressure conditions and better handling ability than conventionally extruded PVC pipe.