bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analyse und Synthese von integrierten Antennen für Mobiltelefone unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des Benutzereinflusses (Analysis and Synthesis of Integrated Antennas for Mobile Phones taking the Users' Influence into Account)
Authors: Manteuffel Dirk 
Published: February 2006

Zusammenfassung
Die Integration von Multibandantennen in moderne Mobiltelefone stellt zunehmend eine Herausforderung für den Antennenentwickler dar. Eine platz- und kostenoptimale Lösung folgt daher dem Ansatz, das Gerät selbst als Antenne zu nutzen und mit dem zu integrierendem Antennenmodul nur dessen Ankopplung einzustellen. Obwohl zunächst skeptisch betrachtet, hat sich dieser Ansatz durch seine offensichtlichen Vorteile mittlerweile bei der Entwicklung von Mobiltelefonen durchgesetzt.
Chloral Hydrate Sedation for Pediatric Echocardiography: Physiologic Responses, Adverse Events, and Risk Factors
Authors: Heistein Lisa C. , Ramaciotti Claudio , Scott William A. , Coursey Melanie , Sheeran Paul W. , Lemler Matthew S. 
Published: February 2006

OBJECTIVE. The physiologic responses to chloral hydrate sedation in the setting of a pediatric echocardiography laboratory have not been well documented; neither has the population at risk been identified adequately. The purpose of this study was to describe the physiologic responses to chloral hydrate sedation, to report the occurrence of adverse events, and to identify any risk factors that predicted these adverse events in children who underwent sedation for echocardiography at our institution.METHODS. We analyzed retrospectively 1095 patients who were sedated for echocardiography. Vital signs and oxygen saturations were recorded every 5 minutes, and adverse events were noted. Potential risk factors for sedation-related adverse events were analyzed.RESULTS. Thirty-eight percent of patients were classified as American Society of Anesthesiologists class 3 or 4, reflecting the significant comorbidity in the study population. Hemodynamic responses to chloral hydrate sedation included ≥20% decreases in heart rate (24% of the patients) and blood pressure (59% of the patients). There were no deaths or permanent morbidity. Adverse events occurred in 10.8% of patients and included apnea (n = 3 [0.3%]), airway obstruction (n = 15 [1.4%]), hypoxia (n = 65 [5.9%]), hypercarbia (n = 40 of 603 [6.6%]), hypotension with poor perfusion (n = 4 [0.4%]), vomiting (n = 4 [0.4%]), and prolonged sedation (n = 36 [3.3%]). No intervention was required in 92.5%, minor interventions were necessary in 7%, and major interventions were required in 0.5% of all patients. Multivariate analysis identified only age younger than 6 months as a predictor for adverse events, whereas cyanosis, hospitalization, American Society of Anesthesiologists class, fasting time, oxygen requirement, and use of additional sedation were not predictors.CONCLUSIONS. Moderate decreases in heart rate and blood pressure, in the absence of clinical deterioration, are expected responses to chloral hydrate sedation in this pediatric population. The majority of adverse events were minor, and major events were uncommon. Infants who were younger than 6 months were found to be at higher risk for serious adverse events.
Topical Bioadhesive Patch Systems Enhance Selectivity of Protoporphyrin IX Accumulation
Authors: Donnelly Ryan F. , Ma Li‐Wei , Juzenas Petras , Lani Vladimir , McCarron Paul A. , Woolfson A. David , Moan Johan 
Published: February 2006

ABSTRACTIn clinical 5‐aminolevulinic acid (ALA)‐based photodynamic therapy (PDT) of skin tumors it is desirable to develop vehicles that minimize the penetration of ALA through normal stratum corneum and maximize it through the compromised stratum corneum of the tumors to improve tumor selectivity. We have designed a bioadhesive patch, which may be able to achieve this aim. It induces levels of protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) in skin overlying tumors similar to those induced by the proprietary cream (Porphin®) but at the same time induces less PpIX to form in normal skin and at distant sites. The mechanisms of action of the patch, as compared with that of the cream, were studied by means of Cuprophan® barriers that mimic compromised tumor stratum corneum and in a mouse model with transplanted tumors.
Fixed Ceramometallic Prostheses Over Anterior and Transzygomatic Implants by Using the Sinus Slot Technique—Report of a Case
Authors: Peñarrocha-Diago Miguel , Boronat A. , Cervera R. , Garcia B. 
Published: February 2006

Abstract
Atrophy of the upper jaw poses problems for fixed rehabilitation of implants. Of the different management possibilities that have been developed, transzygomatic implant placement is a good option and affords a high success rate. These implants are positioned in zygomatic bone by using 2 possible techniques. We present a 48-year-old woman with severe posterior maxillary atrophy in which the canine and frontozygomatic prominence were used to place 6 anterior and 2 transzygomatic implants by using the sinus slot technique for fixed bridge rehabilitation. The advantages of the sinus slot technique over the sinus window technique are discussed.
Computerized Tomography–based Imaging and Surgical Guidance in Oral Implantology
Authors: Almog Dov M. , Benson B. W. , Wolfgang L. , Frederiksen N. L. , Brooks S. L. 
Published: February 2006

Abstract
Computerized tomography (CT)-based imaging and surgical guidance carry both radiographic information such as height, density, and width of bone and clinical information such as axis of orientation for a successful prosthodontic result, thus determining the trajectory, depth, and distribution of the implants. The objective of this report is to review the associated literature and recent developments in CT-image–based information and surgical guidance systems. This report attempts to provide an argument for the development of evidence-based research on the utility of such systems and their effect on outcome in oral implantology.
Early Intervention with Epoetin Alfa During Platinum-Based Chemotherapy: An Analysis of Quality-of-Life Results of a Multicenter, Randomized, Controlled Trial Compared with Population Normative Data
Authors: Savonije Jorine H. , van Groeningen Cees J. , Wormhoudt Lars W. , Giaccone Guiseppe 
Published: February 2006

Learning Objectives
After completing this course, the reader will be able to: Discuss the benefit of anemia correction with epoetin alfa therapy on improving quality of life in patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy.Relative to population norms, describe the quality-of-life results of a prospective, randomized study in which cancer patients with baseline Hb levels ≤12.1 g/dl received epoetin alfa or best supportive care.Explain how patients with cancer and mild-to-moderate anemia have impaired quality of life relative to the normal population and experience significant and clinically meaningful quality-of-life improvements with earlier epoetin alfa treatment.
CME Access and take the CME test online and receive 1 AMA PRA category 1 credit at CME.TheOncologist.com
The Influence of Endocrine Effects of Adjuvant Therapy on Quality of Life Outcomes in Younger Breast Cancer Survivors
Authors: Knobf M. Tish 
Published: February 2006

Learning Objectives
After completing this course, the reader will be able to: Identify risk factors for amenorrhea by age for young women treated with adjuvant chemotherapy.Describe the associated quality of life outcomes with premature menopause as a sequelae of cancer therapy.Discuss the safety and efficacy of fertility preservation options for women with breast cancer.
CME Access and take the CME test online and receive 1 AMA PRA category 1 credit at CME.TheOncologist.com
Trend et systèmes de Bonus-Malus
Authors: Besson Par Jean-Luc , Partrat et Christian 
Published: February 2006

AbstractThis paper deals with the Bonus-Malus system obtained when the claims frequency is submitted to trend. This system is specified in the two particular cases of Poisson-Gamma and Poisson-Inverse Gaussian distributions. The theoretical results are checked on data issued from automobile insurance policies observed during three years.
Robust Methods for Credibility
Authors: Künsch Hans R. 
Published: February 2006

AbstractExcess claims lead to an unsatisfactory behavior of standard linear credibility estimators. We suggest in this paper to use robust methods in order to obtain better estimators. Our first proposal is the linear credibility estimator with the claims replaced by a robust M-estimator of scale calculed from the claims. This corresponds to a truncation of the claims with a truncation point depending on the data and different for each contract. We discuss the properties of the robust M-estimator and present several examples. In order to improve the performance for a very small number of years, we propose a second estimator, which incorporates information from other claims into the M-estimator.
Using the Poisson Inverse Gaussian in Bonus-Malus Systems
Authors: Tremblay Luc 
Published: February 2006

AbstractIn this paper, we will cover the bonus-malus system in automobile insurance. Bonus-malus systems are based on the distribution of the number of car accidents. Therefore, the modelling and fitting of that distribution are considered. Fitting of data is done using the Poisson inverse Gaussian distribution, which shows a good fit. Building the bonus system is done by minimizing the insurer's risk, according to Lemaire's (1985) bonus system.
Risque de décès et risque de ruine: Réflexions sur la mesure du risque de ruine
Authors: Amsler Par Marc-Henri 
Published: February 2006

SummaryThe paper proposes a three parameter measure by which the risk of a portfolio can be assessed. The parameters are: the probability of ruin, the severity of ruin (i.e. the amount of the deficit when ruin occurs) and the time of ruin. This type of analysis does not lend itself to closed form solutions, but it can be easily carried out on a PC. The author presents some theoretical and practical examples.
Error Bounds for Compound Poisson Approximations of the Individual Risk Model
Authors: De Pril Nelson , Dhaene Jan 
Published: February 2006

AbstractThe approximation of the individual risk model by a compound Poisson model plays an important role in computational risk theory. It is thus desirable to have sharp lower and upper bounds for the error resulting from this approximation if the aggregate claims distribution, related probabilities or stop-loss premiums are calculated.The aim of this paper is to unify the ideas and to extend to a more general setting the work done in this connection by Bühlmann et al. (1977), Gerber (1984) and others. The quality of the presented bounds is discussed and a comparison with the results of Hipp (1985) and Hipp & Michel (1990) is made.
Maximizing Compound Poisson Stop-Loss Premiums Numerically with Given Mean and Variance
Authors: Kaas R. , Vanneste M. , Goovaerts M.J. 
Published: February 2006

AbstractThis paper describes a technique to find the maximal stop-loss premiums in a given retention for a compound Poisson risk with known parameter, and known mean and variance of the claims. Restricting to an arithmetic and finite support of the claims, one gets an optimization problem of a non-linear function with a computable gradient, under linear constraints.Numeraical results are given contrasting the method with the method of a previous paper, where only diatomic distributions were considered.
Premium Calculation Without Arbitrage? A note on a contribution by G. Venter
Authors: Albrecht Peter 
Published: February 2006

AbstractStimulated by a recent contribution by G. Venter in this journal the adequate-ness of (re-)insurance premium calculation based on the hypothesis of arbitrage free (re-)insurance markets is questioned. It is argued that—in contrast to the theory of financial markets—it is not reasonable to demand that insurance markets are arbitrage free. In addition the adjusted distribution principles put forward by Venter are claimed to be invalid.
Bonus Made Easy
Authors: Holtan Jon 
Published: February 2006

AbstractThe paper introduces an alternative approach to the traditional experience rating theory in automobile insurance. The approach is based on a simple theory of how high deductibles financed by loans maintain the risk differentiation in an automobile insurance arrangement. Thus the approach differs totally from the usual bonus-malus classes as well as from the credibility based experience rating ideas. The paper is of a theoretical nature and leads up to a mathematical description of how the approach may be optimalized within the framework of a risk model.
High Deductibles instead of Bonus-Malus: Can it Work?
Authors: Lemaire Jean , Zi Hongmin 
Published: February 2006

AbstractHoltan (1994) suggests to replace traditional bonus-malus systems by a high deductible financed by a short-term loan. Practical consequences of this proposal are investigated here. Simulation is used to evaluate the efficiency of the Taiwanese Bonus-malus system and the variability of premiums of an average policyholder. Holtan's high deductible system is analysed under a compound Poisson assumption, with truncated exponential claims. It is shown that the introduction of a high deductible would increase the variability of payments and the efficiency of the rating system for most policyholders.
Premium Rating by Geographic Area Using Spatial Models
Authors: Boskov M. , Verrall R. J. 
Published: February 2006

AbstractThis paper gives a method for premium rating by postcode area. The method is based on spatial models in a Bayesian framework and uses the Gibbs sampler for estimation. A summary of the theory of Bayesian spatial methods is given and the data which was analysed by Taylor (1989) is reanalysed. An indication is given of the wide range of models within this class which would be suitable for insurance data. The aim of the paper is to introduce the models and to show how they can be utilised in an insurance setting.
The Role and Molecular Pathways of SIRT6 in Senescence and Age‐related Diseases
Authors: Lu Yi , Yang Junye , Wu Qiuju , Wang Xiaobo 
Published: February 2025

AbstractSIRT6 is a NAD+‐dependent histone deacetylase with crucial roles in controlling DNA damage repair, telomere homeostasis, oxidative stress, autophagy, and other cellular processes, and it has long been recognized as a longevity‐associated protein. This review details its anti‐aging‐related mechanisms. First, SIRT6 facilitates DNA repair pathways and maintains genome stability by deacetylating histone H3 at K56, K9, and K18 residues, in addition to participating in DNA damage repair through mono‐ADP‐ribosylation and other mechanisms. Second, SIRT6 preserves telomere integrity and mitigates cellular senescence by reducing oxidative stress‐induced damage through the regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), inhibition of inflammation, and other pathways. Furthermore, SIRT6 promotes autophagy, slowing cellular senescence via the modulation of various signaling pathways, including AMPK, IGF‐Akt‐mTOR, H133Y, IL‐1β, and mitochondrial autophagy‐related proteins. Finally, SIRT6 regulates multiple signaling pathways, such asNF‐κB, FOXO, and AMPK, to counteract the aging process. This review particularly delves into the interplay between SIRT6 and various diseases, including tumors, cardiovascular diseases (e.g., atherosclerosis, heart failure), metabolic diseases (e.g., type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, gluconeogenesis, osteoporosis), and neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., Alzheimer's disease). Moreover, recent advancements in SIRT6‐regulated compounds (e.g., C3G, BZBS, Fisetin, FNDC5, Lycorine hydrochloride, and Ergothioneine) are discussed as potential therapeutic agents for these mediated diseases.
A Functionalized 3D‐Printed Ti6Al4V “Cell Climbing Frame” Inspired by Marine Sponges to Recruit and Rejuvenate Autologous BMSCs in Osteoporotic Bone Repair
Authors: Lei Haoyuan , Cao Hongfu , Chen Xi , Su Zixuan , Deng Siyan , Hu Yuxin , Wu Lina , Gui Xingyu , Gao Canyu , Jia Xibiao , Pei Xuan , Tan Zhen , Yuan Tun , Wang Qiguang , Zhou Changchun , Fan Yujiang , Zhang Xingdong 
Published: February 2025

AbstractOsteoporosis, characterized by low bone mass and high fracture risk, challenges orthopedic implant design. Conventional 3D‐printed Ti6Al4V scaffolds are mechanically robust but suffer from poor bone regeneration in osteoporotic patients due to stress shielding and cellular senescence. In this study, a functionalized 3D‐printed Ti6Al4V “Cell Climbing Frame” is developed, aiming to adapt to the mechanical microenvironment of osteoporosis, effectively recruit and support the adhesion and growth of autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), while rejuvenating senescent cells for improved bone regeneration. Inspired by marine sponges, the processing accuracy limitations of selective laser melting (SLM) technology is broke through innovatively constructing a hierarchical porous structure with macropores and micropores nested within each other. Results demonstrate that the unique hierarchical porous scaffold reduces the elastic modulus, facilitates blood penetration, and enhances cell adhesion and growth. Further surface functionalization with E7 peptides and exosomes promotes the attraction and rejuvenation of BMSCs and boosts migration, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation in vitro. In vivo, the functionalized “Cell Climbing Frame” accelerates bone repair in osteoporotic rats, while delaying surrounding bone loss, enabling robust multi‐stage osseointegration. This innovation advances 3D‐printed regenerative implants for osteoporotic bone repair.
Colloidal Ink Engineering for Slot‐Die Processes to Realize Highly Efficient and Robust Perovskite Solar Modules
Authors: Sangale Sushil Shivaji , Son Hyeonsu , Park Sang Wook , Patil Pramila , Lee Tae Kyung , Kwon Sung‐Nam , Na Seok‐In 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPerovskite solar cells (PSCs) have emerged as a promising alternative to silicon solar cells, but challenges remain in developing perovskite inks and processes suitable for large‐scale production. This study introduces a novel approach using colloidal inks incorporating toluene and chlorobenzene as co‐antisolvents for PSC fabrication via slot‐die process. It is found that colloidal inks that are strategically engineered can significantly improve the rheological properties of perovskite inks, leading to enhanced wettability and high‐quality film formation. The formation of large colloids such as α cubic perovskite, δ hexagonal perovskite and transition intermediate phases promotes heterogeneous nucleation and lowers activation energy for crystallization, resulting in superior crystal growth and improved film morphology. Notably, the co‐solvent enhances the FA‐PbI3 binding energy and weakens the dimethyl sulfoxide coordination, which is more thermodynamically favorable for perovskite crystallization. This colloidal strategy yields devices with a maximum efficiency of 21.32% and remarkable long‐term stability, retaining 77% of initial efficiency over 10115 h. The study demonstrates the scalability of this approach, achieving 20.26% efficiency in lab‐scale minimodules and 19.15% in larger convergence minimodules. These findings provide an understanding of the complex relationship between ink composition, rheological properties, film quality, crystallization kinetics, and device performance.
Highly Stable Electronics Based on β‐Ga2O3 for Advanced Memory Applications
Authors: Li Xiaoxi , Li Yu‐Chun , Yang Yingguo , Dong Bitao , Liu Yuhang , Li Lina , Pan Linfeng , Chen Gengsheng , Hao Yue , Han Genquan 
Published: February 2025

AbstractWide‐bandgap (WBG) semiconductors are at the forefront of driving innovations in electronic technology, perpetuating Moore's Law and opening up new avenues for electronic devices. Although β‐Ga2O3 has attracted extensive research interest in advanced electronics, its high‐temperature and high‐speed volatile memory applications in harsh environment has been largely overlooked. Herein, a high‐performance hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN)/β‐Ga2O3 heterostructure junction field‐effect transistor (HJFET) is fabricated, exhibiting an off‐state current as low as ≈10 fA, a high on/off current ratio of ≈108, a low contact resistance of 5.6 Ω·mm, and an impressive field‐effect electron mobility of 156 cm2 （Vs）−1. Notably, the current h‐BN/β‐Ga2O3 HJFET exhibits outstanding thermal reliability in the ultra‐wide temperature range from 223 to 573 K, as well as long‐term environmental stability in air, which confirms its inherent capability of operation in harsh environments. Moreover, the h‐BN/β‐Ga2O3 HJFET demonstrates successful applications for accelerator‐in‐memory computing fields, including dynamic random‐access memory structure and neural network computations. These superior characteristics position β‐Ga₂O₃‐based electronics as highly promising for applications in extreme environments, with particular relevance to the automotive, aerospace, and sensor sectors.
Dominant Role of Coexisting Ruthenium Nanoclusters Over Single Atoms to Enhance Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Baek Jae‐Hoon , Kweon Seong Hyeon , Noh Hyuk‐Jun , Kweon Do Hyung , Seo Jeong‐Min , Lee Se Jung , Kwak Sang Kyu , Baek Jong‐Beom 
Published: February 2025

AbstractDeveloping efficient and cost‐effective electrocatalysts to replace expensive carbon‐supported platinum nanoparticles for the alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction remains an important challenge. Recently, an innovative catalyst, composed of ruthenium single atoms (Ru1) integrated with small Ru nanoclusters (RuNC), has attracted considerable attention from the scientific community. However, because of its complexity, this catalyst remains a topic of some debate. Here, a method is reported of precisely controlling the ratios of Ru1 to RuNC on a nitrogenated carbon (NC)‐based porous organic framework to produce Ru/NC catalysts, by using different amounts (0, 5, 10 wt.%) of reducing agent. The Ru/NC–10 catalyst, formed with 10 wt.% reducing agent, delivered the best performance under alkaline conditions, indicating that RuNC played a significant role in actual alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). An anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer (AEMWE) system using the Ru/NC–10 catalyst required a significantly lower operating voltage (1.72 V) than the commercial Pt/C catalyst (1.95 V) to achieve 500 mA cm−2. Moreover, the system can be operated at 100 mA cm−2 without notable performance decay for over 180 h. Theoretical calculations supported these experimental findings that Ru1 contributed to the water dissociation process, while RuNC is more actively associated with the hydrogen recombination process.
Metal‐Organic Framework‐Based Tribovoltaic Textile for Human Body Signal Monitoring
Authors: Li Yuanlong , Wu Yinghong , Shokurov Alexander V , Menon Carlo 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe pursuit of sustainable and portable direct current (DC) energy suppliers has ignited considerable interest in tribovoltaic nanogenerators (TVNGs), devices that harvest mechanical energy from the surrounding environment. However, the predominant focus in TVNG research has centered on rigid and silicon‐based semiconductors that lack flexibility and are thus ill‐suited for integration into common fabrics. Herein, a fully‐textile TVNG with a simple design is introduced that enables the real‐time monitoring of human physiological signals. The utilization of copper‐benzenehexathiol (Cu‐BHT), a conductive 2D metal‐organic framework is proposed as a p‐type semiconductor grown on fabric surfaces. The developed tribovoltaic textile (TVT) consists of Cu‐BHT‐modified cotton and metallic aluminum textile producing pure DC output due to self‐rectification. With excellent flexibility and stability, Cu‐BHT TVT is seamlessly integrated into textile‐based accessories for continuous monitoring of human motion and respiration.