bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of iron nutrition in photosynthesis and nitrogen assimilation in SCENEDESMUS QUADRICAUDA (Chlorophyceae) 1
Authors: Rueler John G. , Ades. Dennis R. 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACT The rate of photosynthesis and nitrate uptake are related to the iron concentration in the medium for the green alga Scenedesmus quadricauda (Turp.) Breb. Increased iron leads to changes in chlorophyll a concentration, carbon fixation rate per chlorophyll a and in vivo fluorescence characteristics. These parameters all indicate that the efficiency of photosynthesis is related to iron nutrition. Nitrate uptake rate is also a function of both Fe and light Iron‐limited cultures had decreased nitrate uptake at low light whereas ammonium uptake was relatively constant. Iron‐limited cultures fixed about twice as much carbon into protein relative to the total carbon fixed. Iron plays a crucial role in the bioenergetics of carbon and nitrogen metabolism and may be important in controlling patterns of productivity.
ARAGONITE CRYSTALS IN SPIROGYRA SP. (CHLOROPHYTA)
Authors: Mann H. , Mann S. , Fyfe W. S. 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACT Intracellular crystals of aragonite have been identified by selected area electron diffraction (SAED) in a species of the freshwater filamentous alga Spirogyra from the Thames River, Ontario, Canada. The crystals are 2 to 24 μm in diameter, and characterized by a unique cross‐shaped morphology, in which needle‐like, or prismatic outgrowths develop from a common axis. Crystals may be dispersed throughout filaments, but tend to cluster as aggregates towards the centre.
THE ASSOCIATION OF ROSETTE AND GLOBULE TERMINAL COMPLEXES WITH CELLULOSE MICROFIBRIL ASSEMBLY IN NITELLA TRANSLUCENS VAR. AXILLARIS (CHAROPHYCEAE)1,2
Authors: Hotchkiss Arland T. , Brown R. Malcolm 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACTA freeze‐fracture investigation of the putative cellulose synthesizing complex (terminal complex) morphology in Nitella translucens var. axillaris (A. Br.) R.D.W. internodal cells revealed single solitary EF globules and PF rosettes on the plasma membrane. The average density of rosettes in elongating internodal cells was 5.6 μm−2 with slight spatial variation observed. In only three other algal genera (all zygnematalean) have rosette / globule terminal complexes been observed, while this characteristic is common to all vascular plants and one moss thus far investigated. This evidence strongly suggests that the rosette type of terminal complex morphology is an additional characteristic of charophycean algae and lends further support to the hypothesis that this group of algae represents the evolutionary line that gave rise to vascular plants.Observations were also made from the freeze‐fracture of Nitella internodal cells concerning the orientation of cell wall microfibrils and cytoskeletal elements near the plasma membrane. The pattern of microfibril orientation in growing internodal cells is initially transverse to the cell long axis, becoming progressively axial presumably due to the strain of elongation. In mature internodal cells, the pattern of microfibril orientation is helicoidal. Microtubules appressed to the inner surface of the plasma membrane are oriented parallel to the most recently formed microfibrils in elongating and mature internodal cells.
SILICATE DEFICIENCY AND LIPID SYNTHESIS OF MARINE DIATOMS1,2
Authors: Taguchi Satoru , Hirata Janice A. , Laws Edward A. 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACTLipid synthesis of three marine diatoms was studied with a 14CO2 incorporation technique in silicate limited batch cultures. Growth rates were independent of the silicate concentration but the cellular yields were proportional to the initial amount of silicate. At the beginning of the stationary growth phase, lipid synthesis rates per unit culture volume increased by 1.7 times for Chaetoceros gracilis, 3.1 times for Hantzschia sp., and 2.8 times for Cyclotella sp., respectively compared to those during the exponential growth phase. Lipid carbon accounted for as much as 57% of the carbon in C. gracilis, 71% in Hantzschia sp., and 65% in Cyclotella sp., respectively. Additional enrichment with silicate during stationary growth phase allowed the cultures to grow further. Lipid synthesis rates were reduced during the subsequent growth phase, and the growth rates themselves were dependent on the level of biomass achieved during the previous stationary phase. However, the cellular yields were similar and probably controlled by light.
KARYOLOGICAL STUDIES OF THREE SPECIES OF SCYTOSIPHONACEAE (PHAEOPHYTA) FROM COASTAL NORTH CAROLINA1
Authors: Kapraun Donald F. , Boone Paul W. 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACTChromosome numbers for three species of Scytosiphonaceae from the warm temperate coast of North Carolina are presented. Petalonia fascia (O. F. Mueller) Kuntze, P. zosterifolia (Reinke) Kuntze, and Scytosiphon lomentaria (Lyngbye) C. Agardh were all found to have twenty‐two chromosomes in both macro‐ and microthallus stages. The uniformity of chromosome numbers and morphology for all three taxa suggest a close genetic relationship and possible common ancestry.Evidence of synchronous mitotic divisions is presented for the first time in the Phaeophyta. Both field collected and culture material of P. fascia and P. zosterifolia exhibited a 2–4 h post‐sunset peak in nuclear divisions. In actively growing macrothalli, up to 8% of the observed cells were found in some stage of mitosis. Data suggest that mitosis and the entire sequence of cytokinesis require approximately 2 h.
The effect of interruption of agitation on in vitro measures of platelet concentrates in additive solution
Authors: Van Der Meer Pieter F. , Liefting Lara A.E. , Pietersz Ruby N.I. 
Published: April 2007

BACKGROUND: Interruption of agitation results in lower in vitro quality of platelet concentrates (PCs). The rates at which the deleterious effects occur, however, are unknown. Therefore, in vitro parameters of PCs in additive solution (AS) during various periods without agitation have been investigated.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: PCs from five buffy coats in AS (Composol, Fresenius HemoCare) were white cell (WBC)‐reduced by filtration. Four PCs were pooled and divided to obtain paired samples. Beginning immediately after processing, three PCs were stored without agitation and placed on an agitator after 16, 20, and 24 hours. The fourth PC was agitated throughout storage and served as reference (n = 10 paired experiments).RESULTS: pH37°C on Day 7 was greater than 6.8 in reference PCs, and in PCs that were not agitated for 16 hours, longer interruption resulted in lower pH values. During interruption of agitation, metabolic rates were significantly higher in the study groups: glucose consumption was 12.5 ± 1.6 µmol per 1011 platelets (PLTs) per hour in PCs during the first 24 hours without interruption versus 2.0 ± 0.4 µmol per 1011 PLTs per hour in the reference group (p  < 0.01). Lactate formation was 24.7 ± 4.2 versus 3.9 ± 0.4 µmol per 1011 PLTs per hour in the above‐mentioned groups, respectively (p  < 0.01). Once replaced on the agitator, the metabolic rates lowered, but remained significantly elevated during consecutive storage days compared to the reference.CONCLUSION: WBC‐reduced PCs in Composol AS may experience 16 hours without agitation with no permanent effects on in vitro measures compared to reference units. During interruption of agitation, glucose and lactate metabolism is elevated, resulting in lower pH values in the subsequent storage period.
Use of therapeutic plasma exchange in the management of acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Ryan Lori J. , Bowman Robert , Zantek Nicole Dodge , Sherr Gregory , Maxwell Robert , Clark H. Brent , Mair David C. 
Published: April 2007

BACKGROUND: Acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis (AHLE) is a rare, fatal, central nervous demyelinating disease characterized by a rapid fulminant clinical course. Successful management requires early diagnosis, aggressive management of cerebral edema, and immunosuppression. Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) is infrequently used and commences after initial management fails.CASE REPORT: A 31‐year‐old man presented with right arm weakness, whose symptoms rapidly progressed to hemiplegia and aphasia. The patient was initially managed with glucocorticosteroids. Decompressive craniotomy and brain biopsies were performed when his intracranial pressure increased. Brain biopsy findings were consistent with AHLE. Mycoplasma pneumonia immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin M serologies revealed recent infection. Despite surgical and medical management, he decompensated on Day 11, and TPE was initiated. The patient received a total of 10 TPE treatments. On the fourth day of TPE treatment, he was extubated. Twenty‐one days after TPE began, he was ambulating with near normal muscle strength and was discharged. Four months after initial presentation, the patient has normal strength and is working full‐time.CONCLUSIONS: AHLE has a fulminant course requiring accurate and rapid diagnosis. Successful therapy requires aggressive management of intracranial pressure and immunosuppression. Two other reports of AHLE document successful management with TPE. Each of these patients survived with minimal neurologic impairments. Given the likely immune‐mediated nature of this disease, combined treatment of steroids, surgery, and TPE may lead to shorter hospital stays and improved neurologic outcomes. Clinical studies are needed to further study the effect of TPE on neurologic outcome in AHLE.
Incidence of tacrolimus‐induced gingival overgrowth in the absence of calcium channel blockers: a short‐term study
Authors: Sekiguchi Ricardo Takiy , Paixão Caroline Gomes , Saraiva Luciana , Romito Giuseppe Alexandre , Pannuti Cláudio Mendes , Lotufo Roberto Fraga Moreira 
Published: April 2007

AbstractAim:The aim of this study was to determine the incidence and severity of gingival overgrowth (GO) induced by tacrolimus (Tcr) compared with ciclosporin A (CiA) in the absence of calcium channel blockers (CCB) in renal transplant recipients.Methods:Forty patients (20 Tcr and 20 CiA) were evaluated before and 30 and 90 days after kidney transplantation. Demographic (age, gender) and periodontal parameters were recorded for all patients. Patients taking CCB at any time during the study were excluded from the investigation.Results:The mean GO score was significantly lower (p=0.014) in the Tcr group (6.4%) compared with the CiA group (17.9%) after 90 days of immunosuppressive therapy. At 90 days post‐transplant, clinically significant GO was observed in four patients of the CiA group and in two of the Tcr group. This difference was not statistically significant (0.66).Conclusion:No significant difference in the incidence of clinically significant GO was observed between the CiA and Tcr groups up to 90 days of immunosuppressive therapy.
Impact of local and systemic factors on the incidence of oral implant failures, up to abutment connection
Authors: Alsaadi Ghada , Quirynen Marc , Komárek Arnošt , Van Steenberghe Daniel 
Published: April 2007

AbstractAim: The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the influence of systemic and local bone and intra‐oral factors on the occurrence of early implant failures, i.e. up to the abutment connection.Material and Methods: The surgical records of 2004 consecutive patients from the total patient population who had been treated in the period 1982–2003 (with a total of 6946 Brånemark system® implants) at the Department of Periodontology of the Catholic University Leuven were evaluated. For each patient the medical history was carefully checked. Data collection and analysis mainly focused on endogenous factors such as hypertension, coagulation problems, osteoporosis, hypo‐hyperthyroidy, chemotherapy, diabetes type I or II, Crohn's disease, some local factors [e.g. bone quality and quantity, implant (length, diameter, location), type of edentulism, Periotest® value at implant insertion, radiotherapy], smoking habits and breach of sterility during surgery.Results: A global failure rate of 3.6% was recorded. Osteoporosis, Crohn's disease, smoking habits, implant (length, diameter and location) and vicinity with the natural dentition were all significantly associated with early implant failures (p<0.05).Conclusion: The indication for the use of oral implants should sometimes be reconsidered when alternative prosthetic treatments are available in the presence of possibly interfering systemic or local factors.
Plasma and crevicular fluid osteopontin levels in periodontal health and disease
Authors: Sharma C. G. , Pradeep A. R. 
Published: April 2007

Background and Objective:  The level of osteopontin in gingival crevicular fluid has been found to correlate with clinical measures of periodontal disease. The present study was designed to assess the relationship between clinical parameters and osteopontin levels of the gingival crevicular fluid from inflamed gingivae, periodontitis sites and after treatment of periodontitis sites, and to correlate them to the osteopontin levels of the plasma.Material and Methods:  Thirty, gender‐matched subjects were divided into three groups – healthy, gingivitis and chronic periodontitis – based on modified gingival index scores and clinical attachment loss. The fourth group consisted of 10 subjects in the periodontitis group, 6–8 wk after initial therapy. Plasma and gingival crevicular fluid samples were collected and quantified for osteopontin using an enzyme immunoassay.Results:  The highest mean gingival crevicular fluid and plasma osteopontin concentrations were observed in the periodontitis group (1575.01 and 1273.21 ng/mL, respectively) and the lowest in the healthy group (1194.80 and 476.35 ng/mL, respectively). After treatment of the periodontitis group, the level of osteopontin decreased to 1416.15 in gingival crevicular fluid and to 1051.68 ng/mL in plasma. In all groups the gingival crevicular fluid osteopontin levels showed a statistically significant positive correlation with that of plasma and clinical attachment loss.Conclusion:  Osteopontin levels were highest in the gingival crevicular fluid from sites with periodontal destruction; however, periodontal treatment resulted in the reduction of osteopontin levels. Gingival crevicular fluid and plasma osteopontin levels showed a positive correlation in all of the groups.
Theoretical planetary mass spectra — a prediction for COROT
Authors: Broeg C. 
Published: April 2007

Abstract
The satellite COROT will search for close-in exoplanets around a few thousand stars using the transit search method. The COROT mission holds the promise of detecting numerous exoplanets. Together with radial velocity follow-up observations, the masses of the detected planets will be known.
We have devised a method for predicting the expected planetary populations and compared it to the already known exoplanets. Our method works by looking at all hydrostatic envelope solutions of giant gas planets that could possibly exist in arbitrary planetary nebulae and comparing the relative abundance of different masses. We have completed the first such survey of hydrostatic equilibria in an orbital range covering periods of 1 to 50 d.
Statistical analysis of the calculated envelopes suggests division into three classes of giant planets that are distinguished by orbital separation. We term them using classes G (close-in), H, and J (large separation). Each class has distinct properties such as a typical mass range.
Furthermore, the division between classes H and J appears to mark important changes in the formation: for close-in planets (classes G and H) the concept of a critical core-mass is meaningless while it is important for class J. This result needs confirmation by future dynamical analysis.
Pulsus alternans in English cocker spaniels with dilated cardiomyopathy
Authors: Moneva‐Jordan A. , Luis Fuentes V. , Corcoran B. M. , French A. , Dukes‐McEwan J. 
Published: April 2007

Objectives:To report the clinical findings associated with pulsus alternans in English cocker spaniels with dilated cardiomyopathy and to review the phenomenon of mechanical alternans, usually found in patients with severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction.Methods:The case records of 10 English cocker spaniels with dilated cardiomyopathy and pulsus alternans were reviewed. All dogs had been referred in moderate to severe congestive heart failure. Pulsus alternans was clinically recognised by palpation of a regular alternation of femoral pulse amplitude and confirmed by echocardiography in all cases. Pulsus alternans was an intermittent finding in all 10 dogs.Results:Phonocardiographic recordings were obtained in three dogs to document variation in the intensity of the heart sounds, with one case exhibiting absence of the second heart sound in alternate beats. M‐mode echocardiography performed in all dogs showed alternation of the pattern of mitral valve diastolic motion. Doppler echocardiography showed marked alternation in stroke volume in the aortic outflow in all cases. It also showed alternation in mitral regurgitation and in the velocity of early ventricular filling.ClinicalSignificance:Pulsus alternans may be more prevalent in English cocker spaniels than in other breeds, and because of its intermittent nature, its incidence may be higher than that previously reported. It has diagnostic relevance as it usually indicates severe myocardial depression. Echocardiography allows non‐invasive detection of mechanical alternans and provides further insights into its pathophysiology and clinical significance.
Establishing Linguistics in Secondary Education in Victoria, Australia
Authors: Mulder Jean 
Published: April 2007

Abstract VCE English Language, a recent addition to the Year 11 and 12 curricula in Victoria, Australia, is informed by the discipline of linguistics and provides a model for bringing the explicit study of language and linguistics into schools. This article focuses on the many issues and challenges of getting English Language established. Beginning with an overview of the subject, it is shown how the content knowledge and the approach taken to it has directly influenced the success of the subject. The second part of the article turns to examine what worked in getting this subject off the ground, along with how and why it worked. The two most important factors in creating this subject are suggested to have been the effective collaboration that evolved between academic linguists and secondary English teachers and the long‐term commitment to establishing the subject demonstrated by members of both groups.
Linguistics and Intercultural Communication
Authors: Piller Ingrid 
Published: April 2007

AbstractOur times are often referred to as the ‘new world order’ with its ‘new economy’. What this means is that capitalism has been restructured on a global scale, and people of widely different cultural and linguistic backgrounds have been thrown into contact more than ever before. Cultural and linguistic contact may occur in the flows of information and mass media, as well as in the flows of actual people in migration and tourism. Given the ubiquity of cultural and linguistic contact, mergers and hybrids, it is unsurprising that there should be a strong interest in Intercultural Communication, both outside and inside academia. Linguistics as a discipline makes two key contributions to the study of Intercultural Communication. (i) It is the key contribution of discourse analysis and anthropological linguistics to take culture as empirical and cultural identity, difference and similarity as discursive constructions. (ii) Intercultural Communication by its very nature entails the use of different languages and/or language varieties and sociolinguistics, particularly bilingualism studies, illuminates the differential prestige of languages and language varieties and the differential access that speakers enjoy to them.
Effects of Flossing on Plaque and Gingivitis in Third Grade Schoolchildren*
Authors: Rich Sandra K. , Friedman Judith‐Ann , Schultz Linda A. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe purpose of this investigation was to determine whether flossing, as an adjunct to toothbrushing, performed in a school‐based program can contribute significantly to a reduction in gingivitis. Four volunteer third grade classrooms (n=112) were randomly assigned to finger‐floss, looped‐floss, flossholder, and brushing‐only control groups. Measures taken at baseline and in four weeks included gingival (GI), plaque (PI), and flossing dexterity indices (FDI). Results using ANOVA showed no differences in PI among groups. However, both brushing‐only and finger‐floss groups showed GI scores significantly lower than the looped‐floss group. A repeated measures ANOVA revealed that the finger‐floss group improved gingivitis scores most over time, while the flossholder group improved scores the least. The ANCOVA results with FDI showed that at the final measurement, looped‐floss manual dexterity was rated significantly better than finger‐floss and that both groups were rated better than flossholder. Final indications are that toothbrushing alone can produce clinical results similar to use of a combination of toothbrushing and flossing.
Prevalence and Distribution of Caries in a Jerusalem Adolescent Population by Age, Sex, and Family Income
Authors: Mann Jonathan , Revach Aharon , Call Richard , Arwas Joel , Sgan‐Cohen Harold 
Published: April 2007

AbstractFour hundred and fourteen high school students aged 12–17 were examined clinically using the DMFS index and bitewing radiographs. Analyses by age, sex, economic status, and types of teeth and tooth surfaces were performed and results were compared with other international studies. Only 7.5 percent of the study population had a zero DMFS score. Females had a significantly higher DMFS score than males (13.21 vs 9.59). Caries experience increased with age and a general trend of increasing DMFS was observed with increasing levels of income. Socioeconomic status (SES) was related directly to DMFS in Israel, in contrast to an inverse relationship observed in most other western countries.First molars were most susceptible to caries attack and accounted for 41.2 percent of the total DMFS. Almost 50 percent of all affected surfaces were occlusal and 29.4 percent were proximal. Caries prevalence in general and proximal caries in particular were found to be much higher in the study population than corresponding figures in other industrialized countries. A significant decrease in caries prevalence could be expected in Israel in the next decade if primary preventive measures are implemented immediately.
Dental Caries Assessment of Mississippi Head Start Children
Authors: Trubman Aaron , Silberman Stephen L. , Meydrech Edward F. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThis study assessed the dental caries status and treatment needs of Mississippi Head Start children during the 1987–88 school year. The 2,393 children examined, representing a 10 percent random sample of all Mississippi Head Start children, were three to six years old with a majority being four to five years old. The mean deft ranged from 1.34 for three‐year‐olds to 4.32 for six‐year‐olds; the mean defs ranged from 2.33 to 9.99. More than 50 percent of primary teeth of three‐year‐olds with dental caries experience required treatment, whereas less than one‐quarter of similarly affected teeth of six‐year‐olds were in need of treatment.