bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a carbon dioxide laser cystoscope
Authors: Willscher Max K. , Filoso Anthony M. , Jako Geza J. , Olsson Carl A. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractCO2 laser lesions were created at varying power densities on the exteriorized canine bladders. A 50‐watt carbon dioxide continuous laser coupled to a Zeiss surgical microscope was used. A schematic power curve was developed indexing depth of bladder penetration by the laser against laser energy output. Once the optimal power settings for the carbon dioxide laser were established, vertical heat transmission, hemostasis, and healing were studied. A prototype carbon dioxide laser cystoscope was then constructed that allowed endoscopic delivery of the CO2 laser beam into the intact canine bladder. The beam was focussed by a germanium lens and directed out the end of the endoscope, using a movable mirror. Eight dogs were then endoscopically studied in vivo.
Experimental Study of Laser Photocoagulation in the Treatment of Bleeding Canine Gastric Ulcers
Authors: Escourrou J. , Frexinos J. , Rumeau J. L. , Monrozies X. , Balas D. , Ribet A. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractWe report experimental results obtained by laser photocoagulation on hemorrhagic lesions induced in dogs. The aims of this study were 1) to evaluate the real efficiency of the YAG laser to ensure hemostasis of briskly bleeding lesions; 2) to determine the minimum energy density necessary to ensure hemostasis; 3) to assess the damage depth inside the gastric wall after photocoagulation; 4) to compare reepithelialization of treated ulcers with that of control ulcers; 5) to evaluate the safety margin for the clinical use of the YAG laser.
Partial splenectomy with CO2 laser: An experimental study
Authors: Snider W. Ray , Li Shu‐Jun 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA freehand carbon dioxide laser is now available for surgical procedures. A comparison of its utility with the electrocautery was carried out in five dogs by the performance of hemisplenectomy. All dogs survived without complications. The laser proved to be an effective instrument for partial splenectomy under the terms of the experiment.
Microsurgery of the fallopian tube with the carbon dioxide laser: Eighty‐two cases with follow‐up
Authors: Bellina Joseph H. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractIn 1974 the carbon dioxide laser was adapted to the operating microscope for reconstructive pelvic surgery and the first 15 cases of laser tubal microsurgery were performed. The instrumentation and techniques were refined. A protocol was designed to test the efficacy of this surgical modality, and a new study was begun in 1980. Complete documentation of laparoscopic findings, surgical techniques, and pre‐ and postoperative hysterosalpingograms are kept on videotapes. Detailed descriptions of the surgical techniques employed in these cases are presented in this paper. Preliminary results are reported in terms of patency and pregnancy rates experienced to date.Eighty‐two women experienced fertility enhancement laser microsurgery at the Reproductive Biology Center at F. Edward Hebert Memorial Hospital in New Orleans. Bilateral patency or patency of the only existing fallopian tube was demonstrated postoperatively in 93% of the cases. Eliminating the women practicing contraception, those on postoperative Danazol therapy for endometriosis, male factors, or other reasons for women or their partners being not at risk, conception has occurred 21 times among 20 of 42 patients at risk. Many of the women were referral cases who had had unsuccessful microsurgery or were rejected for microsurgery by their physicians due to extensive disease. These results indicate that the carbon dioxide surgical laser may be a useful adjunct in reconstructive microsurgery for fertility dysfunction.
Clinical application of the Nd:YAG laser endoscopy
Authors: Sasako Mitsuru , Iwasaki Masaru , Konishi Toshiro , Maruyama Yuji , Wada Tatsuo 
Published: March 2007

AbstractWe report here our clinical experiences with Nd:YAG laser therapy, and evaluate the results of this treatment. From July 1980 to December 1981, we carried out endoscopic laser treatment for 31 patients with 33 lesions. Bleeding gastric ulcers except stomal ulcers were treated successfully. For mucosal lesions of the stomach, Nd:YAG laser irradiation was effective in extirpating them. In advanced gastric cancers, symptoms of cardiac stenosis could be relieved in 80% of the cases. Endoscopic laser therapy was also effective in 80% of postoperative stenosis in the gastrointestinal tract. It is concluded that endoscopic irradiation with the Nd:YAG laser is useful for hemostasis and also for the treatment of malignant tumors and stenosis of the gastrointestinal tract.
Experimental study of partial liver resection with a combined CO2 and Nd:YAG laser
Authors: Meyer H.‐J. , Haverkampf K. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe use of the CO2 laser in liver surgery is mainly limited by the lack of coagulation of the larger vessels. In an experimental study, partial liver resections were performed on pigs with a Nd:YAG as well as with a combined CO2 and Nd: YAG laser. The best cutting efficiency was obtained with the CO2 laser. On the other hand, the Nd:YAG laser and the combined laser sources showed excellent hemostasis at the cutting edge corresponding with a width of necrosis at about 5 mm in histomorphometric examination and zones with histologically different characteristics. Rebleedings from the resection lines were avoided in all cases using the combined CO2 and Nd:YAG laser.
Laser photoradiation therapy of cancer following hematoporphyrin sensitization
Authors: Wile Alan G. , Dahlman Anton , Burns Robert G. , Berns Michael W. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractHematoporphyrin derivative‐photoradiation therapy (HPD‐PRT) of human malignancy has been performed on 267 tumor sites in 50 patients. Tumor response has been assayed at 24 hours and one month following treatment with 625–635 nm light from an argon laser‐pumped dye laser. The majority of tumors treated were dermal breast cancer recurrences (21 cases), local recurrence of ENT squamous cell carcinomas (16 cases), and ENT cutaneous metastases of squamous cell carcinomas (9 cases). A 30‐day favorable response was judged to be either complete regression of the tumor or reduction of tumor diameter by greater than 50%. The above categories of tumors had a combined favorable response of 81%. Appropriate dosimetry is discussed.
Update on laser usage in treatment of decorative tattoos
Authors: Apfelberg David B. , Rivers Janis , Maser Morton R. , Lash Harvey 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThis report updates our most recent series of 60 tattoos treated in 1980 and followed for at least 12 months. An initial rate of hypertrophic scarring of 35% at 3 months eventuated in 23% after 1 year. Factors such as sex, complexion, and body location were correlated to scars and hypopigmentation. Over 50% excellent to good results were achieved overall in this series.
Effects of laser guided by optic fiber into rat brain on conditioned avoidance response and brain chemistry
Authors: Shen‐Zheng  , Xiao‐Jian  , Shu‐Zhi Lin , Li‐Hua Wang 
Published: March 2007

AbstractLow power lasers were guided by optic fibers into the rat caudate nucleus or frontal cortex, during conditioned avoidance response (CAR) training. The changes in striatal monoamine and amino acid concentrations were subsequently determined. Of six training groups tested, only the experimental group with helium‐neon laser radiation to the caudate nucleus exhibited the formation of CAR and an increase of unconditioned leg contractions. The striatal concentrations of dopamine (DA) and norepinephrine (NE) were increased simultaneously in the group.
Advanced surgical instrumentation needed for intra‐abdominal application of the carbon dioxide laser in reproductive biology
Authors: McLaughlin David S. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractRapidly expanding laser technology has created a void in surgical instrumentation when the carbon dioxide laser is applied to intra‐abdominal microlaser fertility‐promoting procedures. By using proper instruments, the laser microsurgeon will be able to enhance his surgical technique as well as reduce his frustrations.
Research and development of additional aids for dermatologic and plastic surgery
Authors: Goldman Leon , Stefanovsky David , Gregory Richard O. , Bauman Wayne , Koch Michael 
Published: March 2007

AbstractIncreasing numbers of accessories continue to be found to make laser surgery more effective for dermatologic and plastic surgery. Argon laser surgery aids are available to increase the dilatation of the superficial vessels and to localize increasing numbers of red cell masses. Laser probes for intravascular thrombogenesis and thrombolysis have now been adapted for intradermal and deep dermal tissues and for cardiology. Studies on laser effects on platelets and heat transmission and thromboembolic phenomena are lacking. Investigative studies are developing for laser fiber optic probes for laser‐induced fluorescence, not only for oncology, but also for studies of metabolism of tissues and also for spectroscopy. The use of different wavelengths and shorter pulses, more flexible fiber‐optics transmission for all laser systems, combinations of laser systems into a single operating probe, as well as the increased use of lasers for diagnosis and treatment will all stimulate the development of new aids for laser surgery. Cooperative programs developed jointly by dermatologic and plastic surgeons will make for great progress in skin and soft‐tissue laser surgery.
Comparative Gross and Histological Study of the Effects of Scalpel, Electric Knife, and Carbon Dioxide Laser on Skin and Uterine Incisions in Dogs
Authors: Montgomery Tom C. , Sharp James B. , Bellina Joseph H. , Ross Lynne F. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThis study concerns the gross histological effects of scalpel, electric knife, and carbon dioxide laser incisions on skin and uterine tissue in dogs. Tissue studies comparing the carbon dioxide laser with the scalpel and electric knife have frequented the literature. However, a gross and histological comparison specifically involving uterine tissue is not presently known to have been reported. The evaluation on this series of animals considers both the skin and the uterus in an abdominal approach to evaluate the carbon dioxide laser for potential intrauterine surgery. Tissue sampling of both skin and uterus at 2, 6, and 8 weeks postoperatively were histologically examined to evaluate healing rates and degree of scar formation.
A Study of the Effects of Lasering on Chronic Bowed Tendons at Wheatley Hall Farm Limited, Canada, January, 1983
Authors: McKibbin L. S. , Paraschak D. M. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChronic bowed tendons of horses have been lasered with an infrared 904‐nm laser at Wheatley Hall Farm Limited since 1980. A sample of 42 single injury/single treatment standardbreds which were racing within 120 days of laser treatment and met certain criteria, were evaluated for final race times, last quarter race times, and class changes.Results indicate that a significant percent of the standardbreds raced with similar or improved times and classes. Lasering bowed tendons presents a safe and less expensive alternative to traditional treatment methods which often requires a year layoff for the horse.
A Preliminary Study on Clinical Application of Nd:YAG Laser to the Face and Head
Authors: Arai Katsuyuki , Waseda Toyomi , Ota Hideki , Azuma Takeshi , Nagasawa Akinori 
Published: March 2007

AbstractPreliminary experiments were carried out for use of the Nd:YAG laser therapy of malignant tumors of the head and face. Because bone and brain tissue lie under the soft tissues in the face and head, the authors prepared two experimental models and examined the thermal effects of laser irradiation using three irradiating methods, single‐pulse, automatic running, and manual. In experiments using results from these models, a temperature rise inducing protein coagulation did not occur under the surface of the soft tissue under the bone in both models. With automatic running irradiation, the temperature rise in the surface of the soft tissue under the bone was about 5°C at 60 W with a running speed of 4 mm/sec in model I. These conditions were considered to be sufficiently within safe limits. In the second model, it was estimated that no thermal effects would be exerted on the soft tissue under the bone at 60 W or less with a running speed of 8 mm/sec or less. Using manual irradiation, no thermal disturbance of the soft tissue under the bone was induced in the first model, but without a shortening of irradiation time or an increase in irradiation distance this method could cause thermal damage to the second model and must be taken into consideration.
Effect of CO2 Laser on the Luminal Surface of Blood Vessels In Vivo
Authors: Treat Michael R. , Weld Francis M. , White John V. , Forde Kenneth A. , Fenoglio John J. , L'Esperance Francis , Voorhees Arthur B. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe use of lasers as surgical tools may open up new possibilities for the treatment of atherosclerotic occlusive vascular disease. However, basic information regarding the effect of laser radiation to the lumen of normal blood vessels is needed prior to clinical application.This work investigates the nature of the CO2 laser‐induced vascular wound and the time course of its healing in the rabbit aorta. The chief short‐term problem with CO2 laser radiation of the luminal surface of blood vessels is thrombosis.
Nonthermal Effects of Nd:YAG Laser on Biological Functions of Human Skin Fibroblasts in Culture
Authors: Abergel R. Patrick , Meeker Cheryl A. , Dwyer Richard M. , Lesavoy Malcolm A. , Uitto Jouni 
Published: March 2007

AbstractPrevious studies have indicated that laser can selectively affect the biological functions of cells. In the present study, the role of a thermal component in laser‐induced alterations in the biology of human skin fibroblasts was examined. Cells were cultured on 96‐well tissue culture plates, subjected to treatment with the Nd.YAG laser (wavelength 1,064 nm), and the temperature of the medium was monitored by a microprobe connected to a telethermometer. For comparison, parallel cultures were heated to the same temperatures by tungsten‐halogen lamp. The cell cultures were analyzed for collagen synthesis by incubating the cultures with [3H]proline, and the collagen production was assayed by the synthesis of nondialyzable [3H]hydroxyproline. The rate of DNA replication was also determined by measuring the uptake of [3H]thymidine. A marked decrease of collagen production and thymidine incorporation was noted in the cultures subjected to Nd.YAG laser. No suchdecreases were noted in cultures heated to the corresponding temperatures by tungsten‐halogen lamp. The results thus indicate that the biochemical alteration caused by the Nd.YAG laser in human fibroblast functions cannot be explained on the basis of thermal effects.
Enhanced tumor control following sequential treatments of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and localized microwave hyperthermia in vivo
Authors: Waldow Stephen M. , Henderson Barbara W. , Dougherty Thomas J. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractPhotodynamic therapy (PDT), or photoradiation therapy (PRT), utilizing hematoprophyrin derivative (HPD) as photosensitizer and an argon‐dye laser system as the light source, was used alone and in combination with localized microwave hyperthermia (2450 MHz) to treat axillary tumors of the SMT‐F mammary carcinoma in mice. Thirty‐minute heat treatment were applied either immediately before or immediately after a standard PDT treatment of 630 nm light at 75 mW/cm2 for 30 min (135 J/cm2) given 24 hr post‐7.5 mg/kg HPD, intraperitoneally (i.p.). Tumor control as judged by lack of tumor regrowth 35 days or longer after the combined treatments was compared to that following each treatment when alone.Little or no enhancement of tumor control was seen when sublethal temperatures of 37.5, 38.5, and 39,5 °C were applied for 30 min immediately following the PDT treatment. However, increasing levels of enhancement were seen when heat treatment of 0.5 and 41.5 °C, given for 30 min, were applied immediately before or after the photodynamic treatment.
Use of the argon and carbon dioxide lasers for treatment of superficial venous varicosities of the lower extremity
Authors: Apfelberg David B. , Maser Morton R. , Lash Harvey , White David N. , Flores Jasmin T. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractSuperficial telangiectasia of the lower extremity in 38 patients was treated with both argon and CO2 lasers. Results after five months revealed no change or worsening of the veins in 49% of the patients and good to excellent improvement or segmentation in 16% of the patients. The most common complication was brown hemosiderin bruising in almost half of the patients.
Laser treatment of keloids: A clinical trial and an in vitro study with Nd:YAG laser
Authors: Abergel R. Patrick , Dwyer Richard M. , Meeker Cheryl A. , Uitto Jouni , Lask Gary , Kelly A. Paul 
Published: March 2007

AbstractBiochemical studies utilizing keloid fibroblast cultures revealed that Nd: YAG laser selectively suppressed collagen production by these cells. Based on these in vitro observations, eight patients with keloids were treated with Nd:YAG laser in a nondestructive manner. Results, with a 3‐year follow‐up, indicated flattening and softening of the lesions. Thus, the results suggest that Nd:YAG laser is an effective treatment modality for keloids, and its mechanism may involve bioinhibition of fibroblast functions.
Treatment of dental decay by CO2 laser beam: Preliminary results
Authors: Melcer J. , Chaumette M. T. , Melcer F. , Dejardin J. , Hassson R. , Merard R. , Pinaudeau Y. , Weill R. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractResults obtained from two clinical cases, representative of 1,140 human teeth treated by CO2 laser beam during 3 years, announce a new conception of treatment of dental caries. The beam (P = 4 – 5 W, energy density of 9 to 25 kw/cm2) causes a dentin healing which becomes sterile, chemically and physically more resistant than pathological dentin. In addition, this exposure leads to an activation of the dentinogenesis supported by X‐ray, confirming histo‐pathological results obtained from experiments performed on animals.
Ultrastructural and pharmacologic studies on laser‐induced glaucoma in primates and rabbits
Authors: March Wayne F. , Gherezghiher Tseggai , Nordquist Robert , Koss Michael 
Published: March 2007

AbstractSustained high intraocular pressure resulting in optic nerve cupping and loss of ganglion cells was produced in five rhesus monkeys and eight pigmented rabbits by applying argon laser energy to the trabecular mesh work. In addition, the rabbits manifested buphthalmus. Flow of carbon particles subsequently injected into the anterior chamber was obstructed at the trabecular meshwork by a wound‐healing response that closed the intratrabecular spaces. Besides this sustained high intraocular pressure as a result of late scarring, an acute hypertensive response was seen in all rabbits which may correspond to the acute hypertension seen after laser trabeculoplasty in humans. The acute hypertensive response could be only partially blocked by prostaglandin inhibitors and we believe that prostaglandins are not primarily responsible for this effect. Medications known to lower intraocular pressure were systematically tested in both glaucoma models.
Argon laser photocoagulation in the management of retinal detachment and predisposing lesions
Authors: Gratton I. , Gazocchi M. , Simonini F. , Fattori C. M. , Citroni M. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractDuring the years 1979–1982 we treated by argon laser photocoagulation 863 eyes of 551 patients affected by peripheral retinal degenerations and breaks. No case of progression to retinal detachment has been registered so far.In the same period, we treated 42 patients affected by retinal detachment of different topography (three posterior pole and 39 peripheral detachments) and size (mostly limited detachments, 12 as large as a quadrant, two larger than a quadrant). In 41 of these 42 eyes, the retina is still firmly attached after a 1‐ to 4‐year follow‐up, while in one case it was necessary to proceed surgically following a relapse.While argon laser photocoagulation is certainly the first choice treatment of retinal degenerations and breaks, it also appears to be a reliable alternative to scleral buckling in the management of specific cases of retinal detachment.
The effect of epidermal pigmentation on selective vascular effects of pulsed laser
Authors: Tan O. T. , Kerschmann Russell , Parrish John A. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe effect of epidermal pigmentation on the threshold exposure dose for inducing purpura with a tunable dye laser at 577 nm, 1.5 μs pulse duration, was studied in 21 human volunteers with varied genetically determined amounts of melanin. More laser energy was required to produce purpura as constitutive skin pigmentation increased. Histology showed that, in lighter skin, the laser threshold dose produced the most specific vascular injury with no disruption of surrounding structures. In more pigmented skin, damage occurred in the epidermal basal layer and very few changes were seen in blood vessels below.
Nd:YAG laser followed by radiation for treatment of malignant airway lesions
Authors: Jain Puspha Rani , Dedhia Harakh V. , Leroy Lapp N. , Thompson Austin B. , Frich John C. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractPatients with malignant obstructive airway lesions often present with total or segmental atelectasis of lung. In spite of prompt initiation of palliative external radiation alone, some patients were unable to complete the planned course of radiation therapy.Since May 1983, 17 patients with malignant obstructive endobronchial lesions have been treated by endoscopic Nd:YAG laser vaporization of the tumor. One to seven days later, fractionated external radiation therapy was initiated. Endoscopic use of the laser was repeated as needed during the course of treatment. Fifteen out of 17 patients successfully completed the planned course of therapy. The improved performance status was sustained in 13 of 15 patients for 2‐13 months. A control group was selected from among patients with similarly located lesions who underwent external radiation treatment only prior to the availability of the Nd:YAG laser therapy.One patient developed radiation pneumonitis six weeks after completion of a second course of external radiation, another patient developed bronchopleural fistula after laser treatment which healed following closed chest tube drainage. The others had longer palliation of symptoms and improved quality of life. The results indicate that relief of airway obstruction by use of the Nd:YAG laser improved the patients' ability to tolerate subsequent external radiation treatment.
Temperature rise in biological tissue during Nd:YAG laser irradiation
Authors: Marchesini R. , Andreola S. , Emanuelli H. , Melloni E. , Schiroli A. , Spinelli P. , Fava G. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractFew data are available about temperature distribution in tissue during Nd:YAG laser irradiation. To study the heat distribution that produces tissue coagulation, we used a thermographic camera aimed orthogonally to the laser beam axis to obtain thermal maps. Immediately after surgical resection, specimens of human stomach were irradiated near the resected edge, and the heat emitted sideways was detected by an infrared image system. A magnifying lens mounted on the camera enabled us to obtain 0.1 mm spatial resolution of the isothermic curves. The thermal analysis showed that the maximum depth where the increase in temperature reached 25 °C (corresponding to a coagulation temperature of about 60°C) was never greater than 3 mm, irrespective of the power and exposure time used. Moreover, the bidimensional thermal maps showed that the temperature did not decrease in a purely exponential fashion along the beam axis, but reached a maximum at about 1 mm beneath the surface. This fact, which confirms the decrepitation theorem, could explain the explosion inside the tissues observed in surgical application of the Nd:YAG laser.