bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From mythology to merchandise: an interpretation of the engraved title of Van Mander's Wtleggltinglt *
Authors: Hamilton Alastair , Becker Jochen 
Published: April 2008

AbstractKarel van Mander's Schilder-Boeck (Haarlem 1604) contains, apart from the most frequently read biographies of the painters ('Levens'), a theoretical justification of painting (the 'Grondt'), and an interpretation (Wtlegghingh) of Ovid's Metamorphoses. The interpretation discusses the thesaurus of mythological images for the benefit of the painter of historical subjects. The first Dutch iconology (Vvtbeeldinge), which immediately follows the text of the interpretation of Ovid, sums up and supplements the latter. In both the Wtlegghingh and the 'Grondt' Van Mander employs a language of images involving several layers which ultimately goes back to the doctrine of the fourfold meaning of the Scripture. This philological tradition is flanked by elements from (Italian) mythographical literature. This paper offers a reading of the title-page of the Wtlegghingh, engraved by J. Matham after a sketch by Van Mander, and following Italian examples, Vasari's among others. It makes use of the interpretative scheme mentioned. Van Mander's own text in the Wtlegghingh justifies and explains the four layers of the interpretation: mythological, cosmological, ethical, and art theoretical interpretation. The title-print considered as façade and portal of the book thus contains a demonstration of the method used in the Wtlegghingh immediately following, and a concise summary of contents, encoded pictorially. Thus the title-print satisfies the demands which according to rhetoric the proemium has to fulfil. The interpretation of this engraved title-page might appear far-fetched if it were not for the fact that the title-print introduces an art theoretical text, and that the writer of that text and the inventor of the title-print are the same person. Furthermore it is supported by other examples. The fact, however, that only nineteen years later the original plate was used in a historical treatise on Friesland, and without any secondary meaning whatever, indicates that plates of this complexity could be used for purely decorative purposes, perhaps because of their complexity.
Dru Drury, his Illustrations of natural history (1770-82) and the European market for printed books
Authors: Noblett William 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThis study attempts to show how the English entomologist, Dru Drury (1725-1804) exported his only published book, Illustrations of natural history, which appeared in three volumes between 1770 and 1782. Drury used three contacts on the European mainland: the Amsterdam bookseller, Jan Christian Sepp; the German botanist, Paul Dietrich Giseke and the Danish naturalist, Morten Thrane Brunnich. Drury's letters to these three men form the basis of the study. An examination of them reveal some of the problems encountered in the international book-trade in the eighteenth century (such as parcels going missing and the difficulties of payment) and show some of the formalities that had to be undertaken when exporting.
Jan van Doesborch (?-1536), printer of English texts
Authors: Franssen P.J.A. , Simoni A.E.C. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe article Jan van Doesborch (?-1536), printer of English books examines in how far this printer-publisher issued texts in Dutch-English parallel editions so as to gain understanding of the artistic and commercial considerations which played a part in the production of books and further to reconstruct the extent, especially of the production of books in the Dutch language within the whole of Jan van Doesborch's output. When his output is put together it appears that Jan van Doesborch employed strict criteria in deciding to issue a particular text in English translation and that arbitrary choice was out of the question. Beside reprints of very popular small school textbooks, Jan van Doesborch produced books in the English language only if he was the first to print them in the English-speaking countries and if they were in prose. On the strength of this investigation it is possible to maintain that Jan van Doesborch could have printed Dutch language editions also only of those works of fiction which he printed in English. Jan van Doesborch's selection policy and his pursuance of both the English and Dutch markets by means of parallel productions may have influenced the form in which these texts were published. Differences in form and content, especially between Mary of Nemmegen and Mariken van Nieumeghen have to be seen in this light.
The hunt for popular prose; the correspondence between J. F. M. Scheepers and M. Buisman, from 1929 until 1942
Authors: Buijnsters Piet J. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThis study deals with two notable Dutch book collectors: Johannes F. M. Scheepers (1893-1942) and his friend Michiel Buisman (1891-1986), two men of simple origin. Since their meeting in 1929, they applied themselves, in a spirit of friendly rivalry, to the study of an area of Dutch bibliophily which had hitherto been ignored: the so-called popular prose of the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries. Relying on the pioneer work of the Amsterdam firm of Frederik Muller & Co., Scheepers and Buisman, despite modest means, assembled an enormous collection which was to form the basis of Buisman's bibliography Populaire Prozaschrijvers van 1600 tot 1815 (Amsterdam 1960). From the more than 200 remaining letters which Scheepers wrote to Buisman, we gain an impression of the way in which these two men actually set about their work. We learn of their lucky finds, their criticism of the notable scholars of literature and their growing self-awareness. The Dutch world of antiquarian bookshops and auctioning between the wars is also reflected in the correspondence. Scheepers's death in a German concentration camp abruptly ended the pact between these two men.
Printers to the 'arch-heretic' David Joris Prolegomena to a bibliography of his works
Authors: Valkema Blouw Paul 
Published: April 2008

AbstractDespite the increased interest in all aspects of the Radical Reformation we are still in need of a bibliography of David Joris which might satisfy reasonable requirements. A. van der Linde's book, which presented itself as such over a century ago, is imprecise and not unnaturally entirely out of date. A new version would thus fulfil an obvious need. The reasons for which it has not yet been undertaken must be sought in the complication created by the fact that the hundreds of writings all appeared without an imprint. The dates, if indeed any are given, generally apply to the composition of the text and only coincide exceptionally with the often considerably later year of publication. All we can conclude from historical sources is that a number of his tracts were published in Deventer in about 1540 by Albert Pafraet and Dirk (II) van den Borne. In order to determine who dared to work for the arch-heretic (or, after his death, for later followers of his teaching) it is impossible to avoid a bibliographical analysis. In this manner we find the names of various of his printers and, from the years of their activity, we can deduce sufficient indications to date the publication of the writings within certain limits. This investigation shows that the first were indeed printed in Deventer, the very earliest being a treatise which has so far been ascribed to the Anabaptist Bernhard Rothmann. Thereafter David Joris gave orders for his works to be printed alternately in Antwerp, to Adriaen van Berghen, and in Deventer. After he had left for Basel he briefly applied to the services of two printers in the German-speaking area until he discovered a permanent supplier in the future university printer Ludwig Dietz in Rostock. The sectarian's death and his posthumous execution in 1559 were succeeded by a few decades of silence in the camp of his followers. In 1584, however, an edition of the Wonderboeck, entirely revised by the author, appeared and was soon followed by a series of other publications. Much previously unpublished work proved to have remained in the possession of David Joris's family. The printer, as he himself was later to admit, was Dirk Mullem in Rotterdam. When his activities came to an end in the last years of the century, other publishers took over the task.
The composition of a fifteenth-century aristocratic library in Breda: the books of John IV of Nassau and Mary van Loon1
Authors: Brinkman Herman 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe composition of the library of John IV of Nassau (1410-75) and his wife Mary van Loon (1424-1502) has been reconstructed on the basis of data from a fifteenth-century book list, surviving manuscripts and seventeenth- and eighteenth-century catalogues. The collection was possibly made up of at least 29 volumes which in the main dealt with devotion and catechesis. In contrast to their son Engelbert II whose collection of books manifests a pronounced Burgundian taste, John and Mary specialised in collecting rather plainly executed manuscripts with both Dutch and German texts.
The Gouda Erasmiana revisited
Authors: Goudriaan Koen 
Published: April 2008

AbstractIn this contribution additional evidence is provided for Klein's theory that hand A in MSS Librije 1323 and 1324 belongs to a canon of Stein. A few possible objections are discussed. Though Klein's hypothesis that A is Servatius Rogerus cannot be true, it is argued that MS 1323 (part A) and 1324, together with the original of the Scriverius manuscript now in Tilburg, once formed a coherent collection of works by Erasmus and by the associates of his early years, and that Servatius Rogerus is the most likely person to have made this collection. In the second half of the sixteenth century the Erasmiana in the Stein monastery were kept by someone who was both an ardent defender of Erasmus and a loyal catholic. He is the person behind hand B, and may perhaps be identified with Wouter Jacobsz Maes, the last prior of Stein (but Maes is not B himself). Finally, a piece of Latin prose, preserved in a little manuscript kept in Leiden but originally from Stein, is analysed. It is a historical introduction to an agreement concluded between Stein and the city of Gouda. The hypothesis is launched that it may have been composed by a humanist canon of Stein in his early years, possibly Willem Hermansz.
Was Plantin a member of the Family of Love? Notes on his dealings with Hendrik Niclaes
Authors: Blouw Paul Valkema 
Published: April 2008

AbstractPartly intended as a summary of recent research on Plantin's activities, this article provides a new interpretation of certain aspects of his career: the circumstances in which the Officina came into existence; the collaboration between Plantin and Hendrik Niclaes as partners in a printing shop in Kampen which besides various publications by the prophet, produced two editions of the Bible; and the course of events in the transfer of Plantin's
Der Nürnberger Verlag Caymox und die Kartographie
Authors: Meurer Peter H. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe present article is a contribution to research on the activities of exiled Dutchmen in connection with the publication of maps, as illustrated by the Caymox family in Nuremberg. Cornelis Caymox (Antwerp?-Nuremberg c.1590), a general trader, sold the maps of Gerard de Jode and Gerard Mercator in Germany (from c.1565). It was he and Hubert Caymox (his brother?) who officially applied for the imperial privilege to print De Jode's atlas in 1574; De Jode's own efforts were obstructed by his rival Abraham Ortelius. Cornelis Caymox also contributed to Braun & Hogenberg's town atlas. Cornelis's relative (his nephew?) Balthasar Caymox (Beerse/Brabant 1561-Nuremberg 1635) set up as a publisher in Nuremberg around 1590. Among his first publications was a re-issue of the 1567 map of Hungary by Matthias Zündt. When the Dutch-born engraver and geographer Matthias Quad (1557-1613) left Cologne and spent some years (c.1605-7) in Nuremberg, he issued some cartographical broadsheets together with Caymox (distance triangle 1605; map of Spain after Blaeu 1606; map of Palestine after Adrichomius and Duchetti c.1606). Caymox was also the publisher of the paper instruments (quadrant, sundial, astrolabe) designed by Franz Ritter (1579-c.1650). Among these is an interesting dial plate of a sundial in the form of a world map, indicating local time, world time and the geographical latitude of the equinox. Balthasar Caymox's business was subsequently (in 1633) taken over by Paulus Fürst (1608-66).
The long life of the book: public book auctions in Leiden 1725-1805 and the second-hand book trade
Authors: Van Goinga Hannie 
Published: April 2008

AbstractIn the Dutch Republic the books that were sold in public auction were bound, which implied that they were second-hand. They came either from private collections or from booksellers' stock. For the eighteenth-century Leiden booksellers auctions were an important outlet for the second-hand trade. This is demonstrated on the basis of the auction ledgers of the firm of Luchtmans. In their auction catalogues booksellers often mixed their own stock in with private libraries. Of only 194 of the 1707 public auctions recorded for the period 1725-1805 catalogues are known, i.e. 11,4%. It is shown that these catalogues are not representative for public auctions in general and cannot be used as sources for developments in the book trade. The practice of mixing in and combining books makes their use as sources for the study of private ownership problematical. In an outline of the Leiden public auctions for the period 1725-1805 the number of auctions is given, as well as the turnovers per five-year period and the average annual turnovers. The fluctuations in the five-year turnovers for 1725-70 correspond with the general economic trends. A remarkable rise in the turnovers occurred between 1776 and 1785 - the more notable as the economic crisis of 1772-3 took a long time to overcome. Just in this period the position of the book and its cultural importance
The Aulularia edition which served as basis for the Warenar
Authors: Jansen Jeroen 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThis article examines the question which edition of the Aulularia of Plautus P.C. Hooft used when he adapted this Latin play to the Dutch comedy Warenar (1617). The method followed consists in an analysis of (1) manuscripts and (2) printed editions of the comedies of Plautus from the editio princeps (1472) to 1617. By selecting relevant passages in the Aulularia and comparing these in all Aulularia recensions with the Warenar, a process of elimination leads to the edition which probably served as the model.
Success in numbers: a bibliometric analysis of the publications of Gheraert Leeu
Authors: Heijting Willem 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe printer Gheraert Leeu, active at Gouda from 1477 to July 1484, and thereafter at Antwerp to 1492, is known as a remarkably successful figure in his trade. To allow a more exact specification of the factors that led to his success, the present article presents a hibliometric analysis of his publications. This analysis also serves to raise questions about the methodology to be used. The measurement of a publisher's output on the basis of the number of editions turns out to have a limited value; counts based on the number of edition-sheets lead to different and in some respects better results. The latter should ideally be supplemented with information about the edition sizes. If one wishes to study a publisher's output in relation to the content of the books, then one needs not only a universal division into subjects or genres, but also a classification suited to the particular period. For this study of a fifteenth-century publisher, a division according to mediaeval 'dimensions' yields good results. The quantitative information this approach provides about Leeu's publications paints a picture of this printer as an entrepreneur who reacted to changing economic circumstances with some success. This did not, however, allow him to escape the general trends. An economic crisis around 1482 led to a decline in Leeu's production along with that of other printers. Leeu's production at Antwerp especially shows that he followed general practice by reducing the average size of his books while increasing the number of editions he put on the market. In spite of that, the average number of edition-sheets produced annually declined so much that it would have taken a large increase in the edition sizes to compensate for it. In the content of his Antwerp publications, Leeu shifted his emphasis from texts with moralistic, narrative or religious dimensions to texts with a more practical content.
Comparing Oser's and Fowler's Developmental Stages
Authors: Tamminen Kalevi 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe development of religious judgment according to Oser's theory and the development of faith according to Fowler were compared in this article on the basis of studies made among Finnish young adults (age 19-35, N=40) and adults (age 45-62, N=40). Development of religious judgment was studied also among a group (40) of 15 to 18 year-old adolescents. The developmental lines of these measures differed in some degree from each other. In the adult group development towards higher stages was more prevalent by Fowler's measure than by Oser's. Age and various life experiences have clearly more influence on Fowler's stages than on those of Oser. A very important factor for both developmental lines but especially for the development of religious judgment was education. In fact, after the age of 45-52 development continued only among highly educated persons. As for Oser's stages, the third was problematic also in this study because of its extent and diffuseness. It was the shelter of both young 'atheists' and older committed believers. No remarkable differences were in this study found between women and men. Also religiousness, i.e. religious and congregational activity and Christian beliefs, was measured. Religiously committed persons were placed quite evenly in both Oser's and Fowler's different stages. At Oser fourth stage religious judgment seemed to succeed, perhaps because dealing with problems of the kind treated in these dilemmas gives experience. Among other things, this empirical study raises again the question, what is actually the relationship of traditional religiousness with Oser's religious judgment and Fowlerian faith.
Global I Fisheries Regulations in the First Half of the 1990s
Authors: Hey Ellen 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThis article analyses the main global instruments that aim to regulate fishing activities and that were adopted during the first half of the 1990s. These instruments are the UNGA Driftnet Resolutions; the sections on fisheries in Chapter 17 of Agenda 21; the FAO Compliance Agreement; the Straddling Stocks Agreement; the FAO Code of Conduct; and the documents adopted under the Biodiversity Convention. After discussing these instruments, the author concludes that they reflect a fundamental alteration of the discourse on fisheries conservation and management policies. The agenda now includes items as the application of the precautionary approach and the exercise of enforcement competences in high seas areas by states other than the flag state. However, the instruments only to a limited extent address the problems that arose in international fisheries relations in the '1980s and early 1990s. In addition, this article illustrates that as a result of the ample room for bona fide differences of interpretation inherent in the two treaty instruments, the precise rights and duties of states remain uncertain.
The International Court of Justice and the Law of the Sea-Some Reflections
Authors: Kwiatkowska Barbara 
Published: April 2008

Abstract"On the whole, the World Court has a distinguished record of achievement-even if that record is not as extensive or exemplary as one might wish. It is one of the principal tasks of the student and practitioner of international law, and, for that matter, of people the world over who are concerned with promoting a more peaceful and less lawless world, to give their critical but constructive support to the strengthening of the institutions of international adjudication, and especially the only universal such institution, the International Court of Justice." S.M. Schwebel, Justice in International Law-Selected Writings of Judge Stephen M. Schwebel (1994)
Access to Ports in International Law
Authors: de La Fayette Louise 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThis study examines the international law on access to maritime ports, in particular, in relation to the right to deny access to foreign fishing vessels, especially in response to overfishing and the undermining of conservation measures. The first part surveys the general principles of international law, international conventions, state practice, the resolutions of international organizations and diplomatic conferences and the opinions of distinguished legal experts, to come to the determination that coastal states have a sovereign right to regulate and even to deny access to their maritime ports. The second part considers the arguments that have been advanced against such a right, concluding that the objections are unfounded.
Medical, Ethical and Legal Aspects of Somatic Gene Therapy
Authors: Roger H.-D. , Winter S.F. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractSomatic gene therapy is one of the most fascinating and important medical developments as well as a field bearing unknown risks in human medicine of the nineties. This article tries to give a short survey on the medical applications of this new technique on the one hand and reflects possible ethical and legal implications on the other hand. We conclude that only an international agreement on risk assessment and ethical principles will lead to a adequate approach to somatic gene therapy.
Slav non-citizens in the Baltics
Authors: Driessen Bart 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThis study argues that customary international law obliges the Baltic states to accept the Slav populations as an integral part of the Baltic peoples. The history and collapse of the Soviet Union has produced large groups of Slav immigrants to remain in the Baltic states. They are not automatically granted citizenship rights in Estonia and Latvia, as they have to prove to qualify for naturalisation. People descending from the inter-War citizenry do ipso facto qualify for citizenship. First the nature of the coming-to-independence of the Baltic states is analysed, after which the law on self-determination is investigated. The de facto recognition of the Soviet annexation by most of the international community is seen as the watershed as far as the status of the Baltic states is concerned; from then on they were for all practical purposes part of the Soviet Union. Following an analysis of the applicable norms of customary international law, a scrutiny of relevant Baltic legislation is presented.
The CSCE's (im)possibilities for preventive diplomacy in the context of ethnic conflict
Authors: Leatherman Janie 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThis article examines the CSCE response to ethnic conflict in the post-Cold War in terms of the High Commissioner on National Minorities' early warning and conflict prevention capabilities in the broader context of the CSCE's potentialities in this area. First, the special challenges of ethnic strife for conflict prevention are examined. Second, the implementation of the CSCE mechanisms and of the High Commissioner mandate is analyzed in terms of the different levels of CSCE involvement as conflict moves from the early warning to the crisis management phase. The role of the High Commissioner in the Baltic States, and the various functions served by the CSCE missions deployed to different conflict and potential conflict zones are highlighted. The conclusions reflect in preliminary fashion on the (im)possibilities of the CSCE approaches for contributing to regional peace and security in the post-Cold War period, and the ways in which CSCE cooperation with other international institutions and non-governmental actors may enhance its capacity to accomplish its objectives.