bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Agreement between point‐of‐care glucometry, blood gas and laboratory‐based measurement of glucose in an equine neonatal intensive care unit
Authors: Russell C. , Palmer J. E. , Boston R. C. , Wilkins P. A. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractObjective: To test the agreement between 3 common methods of glucose measurement in a population of critically ill foals presenting to a neonatal intensive care unit.Design: Prospective clinical study.Setting: University large animal hospital neonatal intensive care unit.Animals: Sequentially admitted critically ill neonatal foals <30 days of age.Interventions: Venous blood obtained from a jugular vein was used for determination of blood glucose concentration using point‐of‐care (POC) glucometry (GLU), a laboratory chemistry technique (CHEM) and a multi‐electrode blood gas analyzer (BG). Paired data were compared using Lin's concordance correlation, Pearson's correlation and robust regression. Bias and limits of agreement were investigated using the technique of Bland and Altman.Measurements and main results: Concordance was significant for all comparisons and was strongest for CHEM‐BG while weakest for GLU‐BG. Pearson's correlation was excellent for all comparisons: CHEM‐BG, 0.98; GLU‐BG, 0.94; GLU‐CHEM, 0.96. All comparisons had significant robust regression coefficients: CHEM‐BG, 0.99; GLU‐BG, 0.80; GLU‐CHEM, 0.79. For Bland–Altman analysis, mean differences (mean±SD, 95% limits of agreement) were: GLU‐BG (−33±18 mg/dL, −68.6 to 1.5); GLU‐CHEM (−20±16 mg/dL, −51.0 to 10.9); CHEM‐BG (13±11 mg/dL, −8.7 to 34.7).Conclusions: This study demonstrates that glucometry has less than ideal agreement with a laboratory standard and another POC test, blood gas analysis. These differences may be clinically important and decisions regarding management of glucose concentrations in critically ill foals should be made with these differences in mind.
Paintball intoxication in a pug
Authors: King Jason B. , Grant David C. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractObjective: To describe a case of toxicity caused by oral ingestion of paintballs by a dog and how it was initially misdiagnosed as ethylene glycol intoxication due to similar clinical signs and a positive ethylene glycol blood test.Case summary: A 7 year‐old, 8.3 kg, female spayed Pug was referred for treatment of ethylene glycol (EG) toxicity. The patient was ataxic, disoriented, polyuric, polydipsic, and had a positive EG blood test. The patient was started on fomepizole therapy and intravenous fluids. Biochemical assays of the serum showed abnormalities that were not typical of EG toxicity. The following morning the patient defecated bright pink feces. The owner revealed that bright pink paint balls were present in the household when questioned. The patient completed fomepizole therapy and was discharged 40 hours after presentation with no clinical signs. Follow‐up telephone conversations found the pet to be clinically normal 2 months after discharge. New or unique information provided: This is the first known case report of paint ball intoxication in a dog that resulted in a positive EG blood test and clinical signs similar to ethylene glycol toxicity.
Serum concentrations of cardiac troponin I and cardiac troponin T in dogs with class IV congestive heart failure due to mitral valve disease
Authors: Linklater Andrew K. J. , Lichtenberger Marla K. , Thamm Douglas H. , Tilley Larry , Kirby Rebecca 
Published: August 2007

AbstractObjective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the incidence of circulating detectable serum levels of cardiac troponin I (CTnI) and circulating detectable serum levels of cardiac troponin T (CTnT) in dogs with class IV congestive heart failure (CHF) due to mitral valve disease (MVD) at admission. An additional study aim was to determine if detectable troponin levels correlated with the magnitude of several clinical parameters.Design: Prospective clinical investigation.Setting: Small animal emergency and critical care referral hospital.Interventions: Blood was collected before emergency treatment from 15 dogs presenting in class IV CHF due to MVD.Measurements: Serum concentrations of CTnI, CTnT at presentation.Main results: Six dogs (40%) had a detectable CTnI (median 0.24, range 0.12–0.31 ng/mL), and the remainder were less than 0.1 ng/mL and deemed non‐detectable. The one dog (7%) that had a detectable CTnT (0.02 ng/mL) also had a detectable CTnI (0.23 ng/mL). There was no statistical difference in survival to discharge between dogs with non‐detectable troponin levels and those with detectable troponin levels; however, dogs with detectable troponin levels had shorter overall survival times. Dogs with a detectable level of CTnI had a median survival of 67.5 days (range 1–390 days), and dogs with a non‐detectable level of CTnI had a median survival time of 390 days (range 20–912 days) (P=0.02).Conclusion: This study suggests that CTnI can be detected at admission in the blood of 40% of dogs with class IV CHF due to MVD. Dogs with non‐detectable levels of cardiac troponins had a significantly longer overall survival time. The encouraging results of this small pilot study warrant further investigation.
Eradication of Helicobacter pylori Infection Equally Improves Chronic Urticaria With Positive and Negative Autologous Serum Skin Test
Authors: Magen Eli , Mishal Joseph , Schlesinger Menachem , Scharf Shimon 
Published: August 2007

AbstractBackground:  The aim of the study was to examine effects of Helicobacter pylori eradication on chronic idiopathic urticaria (CU) with and without positive aulogous serum skin test (ASST).Methods:  Seventy‐eight patients with CU were checked for the positivity ASST and H. pylori urea 13C‐urea breath test (13C‐UBT). Twenty‐one patients were with both positive ASST and positive 13C‐UBT (group A), and 24 patients were with negative ASST and positive 13C‐UBT (group B). All patients with positive 13C‐UBT received a 14‐day, open treatment with amoxicillin 1 g b.i.d., clarithromycin 500 mg b.i.d., and omeprazole 20 mg b.i.d. H. pylori eradication was assessed by a second 13C‐UBT after 8 weeks. In control group, 33 patients with CU were included. The effect of H. pylori eradication on CU was evaluated by urticaria activity score (UAS), measured at study entry and at 8 and 16 weeks.Results:  At week 8, baseline UAS reduced from 4.7 ± 1.1 to 2.4 ± 1.4 (p = .027) in group A and from 4.3 ± 1.5 to 2.3 ± 1.2 (p = .008) in group B, without statistically significant difference between the two groups. In control group and in six patients with H. pylori eradication failure, no changes of UAS were noted.Conclusion:  Eradication of H. pylori infection by triple therapy significantly and equally reduces UAS in CU patients with positive and negative ASST.
Non‐pylori Helicobacteraceae in the Upper Digestive Tract of Asymptomatic Venezuelan Subjects: Detection of Helicobacter cetorum‐like and Candidatus Wolinella africanus‐like DNA
Authors: García‐Amado M. Alexandra , Al‐Soud Waleed Abu , Borges‐Landaéz Pedro , Contreras Monica , Cedeño Samandhy , Baéz‐Ramírez Estalina , Domínguez‐Bello M. Gloria , Wadström Torkel , Gueneau Pulchérie 
Published: August 2007

AbstractBackground:  The spectrum of human non‐pylori Helicobacter infections is expanding, with species such as H. heilmannii and H. felis occasionally being associated with gastritis. However, the existence of non‐pylori Helicobacter colonization in asymptomatic subjects has not been evaluated. The aim of this study was to investigate whether Helicobacter species other than pylori are present in the upper digestive tract of asymptomatic human subjects.Materials and methods:  A Helicobacteraceae‐specific semi‐nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was used to detect Helicobacter‐like organisms in the upper digestive tract of 91 Venezuelan volunteers (aged 18–68 years, 41 females, 50 males). Species were identified by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis and sequencing of the PCR products.Results:  We detected DNA sharing 99–100% sequence identity in over 300–400 bp with the 16S rRNA genes of H. pylori, H. cetorum, and Candidatus Wolinella africanus in 76%, 16%, and 15% of the subjects, respectively. Multiple colonization was documented in 10% of the subjects: H. cetorum and Candidatus W. africanus (4%), H. pylori and Candidatus W. africanus (4%), and H. pylori and H. cetorum (2%).Conclusions:  Our results suggest that non‐pylori Helicobacteraceae colonization is relatively common in the Venezuelan asymptomatic population. This is the first report documenting the presence of H. cetorum DNA in the human upper digestive tract, and the second report of the recently discovered Candidatus W. africanus.
Eradication of Helicobacter pylori Infection Favourably Affects Altered Gastric Mucosal MMP‐9 Levels
Authors: Kubben Frank J. G. M. , Sier Cornelis F. M. , Schram Miranda , Witte T. Anne M. C. , Veenendaal Roeland A. , Van Duijn Wim , Verheijen Jan H. , Hanemaaijer Roeland , Lamers Cornelis B. H. W. , Verspaget Hein W. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractBackground:  Helicobacter pylori gastritis is recognized as an important pathogenetic factor in peptic ulcer disease and gastric carcinogenesis, and is accompanied by strongly enhanced gastric mucosal matrix metalloproteinase‐9 (MMP‐9) levels.Aim:  This study was performed to investigate whether H. pylori‐affected gastric mucosal MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 levels are reversible by successful treatment of the infection.Patients and methods:  Fifty‐eight patients with H. pylori‐associated gastritis were treated with a combination regimen of acid inhibitory therapy and antibiotics for 14 days. The levels and isoforms of MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 were measured by semiquantitative gelatin‐zymography, bioactivity assay and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay in gastric mucosal biopsy homogenates.Results:  Latent, active, and total MMP‐9 levels decreased consistently and significantly by successful H. pylori eradication, in antrum as well as corpus mucosa, compared with those prior to treatment, irrespective of the therapy regimen used. The elevated levels remained unchanged, however, when treatment failed. MMP‐2 levels did not show major alterations after H. pylori therapy.Conclusion:  Elevated MMP‐9 levels in H. pylori‐infected gastric mucosa are reversible by eradication of the infection. No major changes in mucosal MMP‐2 levels were observed by H. pylori eradication.
Helicobacter pylori and Non‐malignant Diseases
Authors: Rokkas Theodore , Simsek Ilkay , Ladas Spiros 
Published: August 2007

AbstractIn recent years, the focus of Helicobacter pylori clinical research has been mainly on gastric malignancy. However, the role of H. pylori in non‐malignant diseases, such as peptic ulcer, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and non‐ulcer dyspepsia, as well as non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug consumption, is still of great interest. A 1‐ to 2‐week course of H. pylori eradication therapy is an effective treatment for H. pylori‐positive peptic ulcer disease and a positive CagA status is a predictor for successful eradication of H. pylori. Antral prostaglandin‐E2‐basal levels appear to be critical for the development of aspirin‐induced gastric damage in subjects without H. pylori infection. In clinical practice, among patients treated with proton‐pump inhibitors, H. pylori status has no effect on the speed or degree of GERD symptom relief. For the management of dyspepsia in primary care, antisecretory therapy confers a small insignificant benefit compared to strategies based on H. pylori testing while these latter strategies may be cost‐effective. H. pylori eradication therapy has a small but statistically significant effect on H. pylori‐positive non‐ulcer dyspepsia. An economic model suggests that this modest benefit may still be cost‐effective but more research is needed.
Low Efficacy Rate of Moxifloxacin‐Containing Helicobacter pylori Eradication Treatment: In an Observational Study in a Turkish Population
Authors: Sezgin Orhan , Altıntaş Engin , Üçbilek Enver , Tombak Anıl , Tellioǧlu Burçin 
Published: August 2007

AbstractBackground:  Standard triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori has an eradication rate of about 50% in Turkey. It may be due to an increased resistance of H. pylori to antibiotics. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a new second‐generation fluoroquinolone, moxifloxacin‐containing triple therapy in H. pylori eradication.Material and methods:  This is an open‐label, prospective, single‐center, pilot study. We studied 71 dyspeptic patients infected with H. pylori diagnosed by both histology and rapid urease test. Out of 71 dyspeptic patients, 64 had non‐ulcer dyspepsia and seven had peptic ulcer. Patients received pantoprazole (40 mg b.i.d.) plus moxifloxacin (400 mg/day) and amoxicillin (1000 mg b.i.d.) for 14 days. Eradication was assessed 4 weeks after completing the therapy by histology and rapid urease test. Per‐protocol and intention‐to‐treat eradication rates were determined.Results:  The eradication rate was 42.2% for the intention‐to‐treat analysis and 47.6% for the per‐protocol analysis. Of all patients included in the study, 29.5% had side‐effects and only 2.8% of the patients discontinued the treatment because of side‐effects. Most of the complications were mild and self‐limiting.Conclusion:  Triple therapy with pantoprazole, moxifloxacin, and amoxicillin for 14 days yielded unacceptably low eradication rates. However, using tests of susceptibility to antibiotics, further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to judge these eradication rates of moxifloxacin containing eradication treatment.
Epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori Infection
Authors: Lehours Philippe , Yilmaz Ozlem 
Published: August 2007

Abstract Helicobacter pylori infection is typically acquired in early childhood in both low‐ and high‐income regions of the world and, once established, commonly persists lifelong unless treated. Social and economic development decreases the prevalence both within and between countries. The epidemiology of H. pylori infection highlights the geographic, ethnic, and racial differences throughout the world.
Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori
Authors: Cirak Meltem Yalinay , Akyön Yakut , Mégraud Francis 
Published: August 2007

AbstractAlthough there are attempts to perform Helicobacter pylori diagnosis directly in vivo using magnification endoscopy, most articles on diagnosis this year concerned non‐invasive tests and molecular methods. For urea breath tests, there are attempts to have a quicker and cheaper test and to evaluate its role in cases of premalignant lesions. For stool antigens tests, evaluation of kits using monoclonal antibodies was carried out. Molecular tests have been applied for typing and detection of resistant mutants.
CARDIOVASCULAR AND SURVIVAL PARADOXES IN DIALYSIS PATIENTS: Racial and Ethnic Disparities in End‐Stage Kidney Failure—Survival Paradoxes in African‐Americans
Authors: Agodoa Lawrence , Eggers Paul 
Published: August 2007

AbstractThe risk of death is nearly 45% lower in African‐Americans than Caucasians undergoing chronic hemodialysis. In light of the higher mortality rate in African‐Americans in the general US population, this paradox requires explanation and further investigation. Factors that may contribute to this survival advantage include a younger age at which African‐Americans arrive at end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) and the slightly higher body mass index. On the other hand, factors, such as lower residual renal function, lower mean hemoglobin and hematocrit, increased prevalence of hypertension, a higher prevalence of catheter use for initial dialysis, and generally lower dose of dialysis should put African‐Americans on dialysis at a higher risk of death. This survival advantage seems to be completely annulled with a successful renal transplant. Finally, it should be noted that ESRD carries with it a very high mortality rate in all racial and ethnic groups. A successful renal transplant improves but does not restore the expected remaining life times. Therefore, aggressive approach is required in investigating the factors that confer such high mortality risk on ESRD patients.
Anthroposophy in Kotik Letaev
Authors: Janeček Gerald 
Published: August 2007

The purpose of this study is to establish points of contact between the writings of Rudolf Steiner and Andrej Belyj's novel. Several of Steiner's most pertinent works have been selected to demonstrate that there is a substructure, probably not evident to the general reader, which relates directly to Anthroposophy and that Kotik Letaev is, at least in part, an artistic embodiment of Steiner's precepts.The child gradually experiences the three areas of human nature described by Steiner in Theosophy: the body, the soul (ego) and the spirit. Kotik also retraces the historical evolution of the human race (World Soul) as presented in The Occult Mysteries of Antiquity, as well as ascending the stages of Higher Knowledge, and there are indications that he encounters the Guardian of the Threshold. The doctrine of colors also plays a role in the novel. In fact, Kotik Letaev is virtually saturated with anthroposophical imagery and ideas.In conclusion, Šklovskj's view of the two‐warring dominants in the work, the anthroposophical and the autobiographical, is discussed and an opposing view is advanced, that the anthropo‐sophical level successfully subordinates the autobiographical, thus maintaining the unity of the work.
Parody and Narrator in Thomas Mann's “Dr. Faustus” and “The Holy Sinner”
Authors: Honsa William M. 
Published: August 2007

The method of parody is briefly described and then shown as a means for Mann to explore myth and legends without attempting to look at them directly. Parody can fall short of reality either on purpose or through necessity; again, parody can dissolve into meaninglessness. For Mann, in Dr. Faustus and The Holy Sinner, parody offered a way in which we can catch a glimpse of an ultimate truth about good.The device of narrator is also used to elucidate realities of faith and feeling. Zeitblom is the onlooker‐narrator, often used as a vehicle for Mann's irony, but also the other protagonist of the novel. The narrator in The Holy Sinner, Clemens, is not involved in the action but is free to shape it and comment on it. Parody is possible of a man who has read the tale and does believe. The artist‐narrator, Clemens, balances between joy and sorrow and rises beyond a mere spokesman for the unbelievable.Both parody and narrator allow Mann “to bring in his points through the back door,” conciliating systematic rational belief with the realities of faith and feeling.
Newton's Opticks and Brockes' Early Poetry
Authors: John David G. 
Published: August 2007

SummaryNewton's Opticks (1704) represents a landmark for man's scientific understanding of the phenomenon of light. His contemporary in Hamburg, Barthold Heinrich Brockes, probably first learned of Newton's theories through the second edition of Johann Jakob Scheuchzer's scientific compendium Physica oder Natur‐Wissenschaft (1711) which provided what was likely the first summary of Newton's findings in Germany. The poet Brockes integrated these scientific findings into his early poems. These reveal in general terms the poet's growning fascination with the phenomenon of light and, more specifically, numerous direct allusions to key sections of the Opticks. Most striking are the similarities between Newton's scientific explanation of sight in the human eye and Brockes' examination of the subject in “Die fünf Sinne.” While a tension existed in the early eighteenth century between scientific and theological accounts of natural phenomena, Newton and Brockes both managed to remain somehow faithful to both viewpoints. Neither abandoned his theological belief; yet their increased insight was the product not of religious faith but rather precise scientific observation and method.
Georg Kaiser's Rezeption of Friedrich Nietzsche: The Dramatist's Letters and Some Nietzschean Themes in His Works
Authors: Helt Richard C. , Pettey John Carson 
Published: August 2007

SummaryWhile many works and articles on Modern German Literature emphasize the influence of Friedrich Nietzsche's thought, style, and person on writers of the twentieth century, extremely few investigations have undertaken to establish the precise extent of Nietzsche's Rezeption by specific literary figures. Utilizing the correspondence of Georg Kaiser, the authors of this article demonstrate that the dramatist was not only quite well‐read in the works of Nietzsche, but that the philosopher greatly influenced the composition of several of Kaiser's dramas as well as his artistic and his personal writing style. Indeed, substantial evidence in the letters points to a strong personal identification on Kaiser's part with Friedrich Nietzsche. The first section contains a general discussion of the question of influence, and a detailed investigation of references to Nietzsche in Kaiser's correspondence. The final segment of the article deals with those works by Kaiser which are mentioned in the letters in connection with Nietzschean themes, ideas, and style.
The Ironic Rationality of Razón de amor. Pedro Salinas: Logic, Language and Poetry
Authors: Havard Robert G. 
Published: August 2007

SummarySalinas adopts an intensely rationalistic approach in Razón de amor with many poems being strictly razones. The abundance of linguistic formuli proper to the domain of argument and rhetoric is indicative of this approach. However, the procedure is an ironic one, for love, as the poet well knows, cannot the rationalized. Looking beyond the apparatus of linguistic formuli to uncover the real arguments which the poems offer, it is apparent that they hinge on dubious logicalities which in fact are only logical in poetic sense; they hinge namely, upon the poetic contrivances of metaphor, conceit and personification, each of which is examined in the paper. These contrivanced render the logic specious and indeed serve to point up the essential irrationality of love. Salinas thus achieves a twofold objective: he gives rational articulation to the cornerstone of his metaphysic, love, but at the same time he preserves intact love's irrationality.
“The hair is black as ebony…”. The Function of the Märchen in Donald Barthelme's Snow White
Authors: Horn Katalin 
Published: August 2007

SummaryThe novel Snow White by Donald Barthelme is a modernized and trivialized reversal of the original fairy‐tale. By the total inversion of the text, Barthelme questions the very message of the Märchen itself: he maintains ‐ in contrast to the Märchen ‐ the general impossibility of happiness and of the successful development of personality.The Märchen appears in Barthelme's book in two layers: as its absolutely modified story and in the form of quotations from the original text. These quotations concern Snow White's body and soul and underline Barthelme's psychological message of human frustration.