bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Replacement of Toxic Hydrazines in Satellite Propulsion with Greener Dinitramide‐Based Energetic Ionic Liquid Candidates
Authors: Le Duc‐Minh , Renault Anne , Delage Arthur , Ducos Paul , Miro‐Sabate Carlos , Pelletier Nicolas , Lacôte Emmanuel , Jacob Guy 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSatellite propulsion uses liquid mono or bi‐propellants composed of a hydrazine in combination with a strong oxidant. However, hydrazines are highly toxic. As a result, many research efforts for more environmentally compatible propellants have been made over the past decade. In this study we evidence green formulations that retain high propulsive performances. They are based on the dinitramide anion. From an initial library of 37 ammonium dinitramides 3 best candidates were selected after evaluation of their potential syntheses, calculated theoretical performances, experimental synthesis optimizations and decomposition temperatures. These three salts were then formulated to obtain acceptable sensitivities and melting points, which eventually led to only one formulation being retained: a 40 : 60 mixture of dimethylammonium dinitramide and ammonium dinitramide phlegmatized by 10 % of glycerol.
EEG band power and phase‐amplitude coupling in patients with Dravet syndrome
Authors: Hall Joanne C. , Bashir Shahid , Tsuboyama Melissa , Al‐Bradie Raidah , Mir Ali , Ali Mona , Poduri Annapurna , Rotenberg Alexander 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveDravet syndrome (DS) is an epileptic encephalopathy caused by haploinsufficiency of the SCN1A gene. SCN1A gene deficiency limits the firing rates of fast‐spiking inhibitory interneurons, which should reflect in abnormal aggregate network oscillatory electroencephalography (EEG) activity that can be measured by spectral power and phase‐amplitude coupling (PAC) analysis. In this retrospective pilot study, we tested whether spectral EEG frequency band power and PAC metrics distinguish children with DS from age‐matched controls, an early step toward establishing EEG markers of target engagement by gene or drug therapy.MethodsEEG data were collected from patients with DS (N = 6) and age‐matched control pediatric participants (N = 11) and analyzed for cumulative spectral power and PAC and classification capacity of these metrics, by logistic regression analysis. For this initial spectral and PAC analysis, we focused on sleep EEG, where myogenic artifact is minimal and where δ–γ and θ–γ coupling is otherwise expected to be robust.ResultsCumulative δ (1– <4 Hz) and θ (4–7 Hz) power was significantly reduced in the DS group, compared with age‐matched controls (p = 0.001 and p = 0.02, respectively). The δ power was a stronger classifier of separating DS from controls than θ power, with 87% and 83% accuracy, respectively. The γ power trended toward significant reduction (p = 0.08) in the DS group. We found significantly lower PAC between 1–2 Hz phase and 63–80 Hz amplitude in patients with DS compared with the age‐matched controls (p = 0.003), with 78% classification accuracy between groups for PAC.InterpretationIn this pilot study assessing EEG patterns during sleep, we found lower δ–θ power and PAC in patients with DS versus controls, which may reflect abnormal aggregate macroscale network communication patterns resulting from SCN1A deficiency. These measures may be useful metrics of therapeutic target engagement, particularly if the therapy restores the underlying DS pathophysiology. The sorting capacity of these metrics distinguished patients with DS from patients without DS and may in turn facilitate near‐future development of disease and therapy target engagement biomarkers in this syndrome.
The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and global finance: Recent evidence
Authors: Sabbaghi Omid 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis article provides a review of different global financial institutions and how they are making progress towards the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN SDGs) through examination of their mission statements, stated purposes, financial products & services, and sustainable development projects. Through archival research, this study conducts an empirical investigation of how financial institutions are making progress on global environmental, social, and governance (ESG) issues. For each type of international financial institution, this study presents a prominent sample entity, evidence of value creation for the common good, and relationship to specific UN SDGs. This study provides evidence of different global institutions financing sustainability projects that create value for the common good with long‐term impact horizons. The evidence suggests that the combination of social factors and environmental factors outweigh the financial factors in the realized projects. This study proposes a novel approach towards comparing financial institutions in creating value for the common good based on the sustainable finance framework of Schoenmaker (2017, Investing for the common good: A sustainable finance framework. Bruegel).
On the optimal synthesis of sparsely thinned planar array antenna with constraints using meta‐heuristic optimization
Authors: Dutta Kailash P. , Mahanti Gautam K. 
Published: March 2024

SummaryThe investigations related to the planar antenna array have attracted much attention due to their vast applications in the areas of advanced wireless communication and electromagnetics. This article presents an effective synthesis method of a sparsely thinned symmetric planar antenna array using three well‐known meta‐heuristics including symbiotic organism search (SOS) algorithm, moth fly optimization (MFO), and multi‐verse optimization (MVO) algorithms. The main aim of this work is to optimize the positions of the switched‐on antenna elements on the array aperture in order to reduce the value of side‐lobe levels in the radiation field pattern in multiple planes for a desired first null beam width and subsequently to obtain the maximum reduced number of array‐elements in the antenna array. Two different cases are performed to optimize the radiation pattern in different azimuth angles with two different examples. The proposed methods can constrain the total number of array elements, inter‐element distance, and aperture area of the array. The radiation pattern characteristic and computation time linked with each example and each algorithm are recorded and compared with each other as well as with a fully populated planar symmetric rectangular array antenna of same aperture size for arriving at the conclusion. The simulation‐based results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed design and the efficiency of the performance using the SOS algorithm.
Palladium Catalyzed Carbonyl Amination of Fluorinated Olefins for Synthesis of α‐CF3‐Acrylamides
Authors: Li Yang , Jing Yu , Shi Yi‐Ran , Li Hong , Yang Min‐Ge , Kou Yong‐Li , Fan Qiang‐Wei 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAcrylamides are a class of important organic compounds that play key roles in biomedical chemistry, materials science, life science, and other fields. Due to the strong electron‐withdrawing effect of trifluoromethyl, the synthesis of trifluoromethylated acrylamides, especially those containing double bonds, has long been a challenge. Here, we report an example of the formation of trifluoromethyl acrylamides through palladium catalyzedcarbonylation of fluorinated olefins. By optimizing the reaction conditions, we can obtain different amide compounds, including alkyl acrylamides. aromatic acrylamides and heterocyclic acrylamides. This method has good substrate adaptability and functional group tolerance,so it is expected to be used in the synthesis of key amides in the fields of medicine and other fields.
SO2F2‐Mediated Thioesterification of Carboxylic Acids with Thiols
Authors: Zhang Guofu , Qi Huijie , Guan Chenfei , Jin Hui , Zhou Ying , Ding Chengrong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe generation of thioesters through thioesterification of carboxylic acid has significant synthetic value given the easy availability of various carboxylic acids and the extensive application of thioesters. An economical and rapid thioester synthesis approach is still needed. Herein, we achieved thioesterification of carboxylic acids with valuable glycosyl thiol, aromatic and aliphatic thiols mediated by sulfonyl fluoride (SO2F2). The compatibility of numerous carboxylic acid substrates was tested, including (hetero)aromatic and aliphatic carboxylic acids and the reaction proceeded smoothly under mild conditions at good yields. Late‐stage modification of drug molecules rac‐Naproxen and Loxoprofen proved feasible. Besides, the gram‐scale reaction demonstrated the utility of this protocol.
Effect of the tip speed ratio on the wake characteristics of wind turbines using LBM‐LES
Authors: Cui Xinghang , Mao Hantao , Wang Zhengdao , Yang Hui , Qian Yuehong , Wei Yikun , Zhang Yan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this paper, the wake characteristics of Zell 2000 wind turbine under different tip velocity ratios are studied by using the lattice Boltzmann method and large eddy simulation. The adaptive mesh refinement method is performed to capture the fine flow structure and wake characteristics development. In this paper, we mainly focus on the effect of the tip speed ratio on the flow structure and unsteady characteristics of wind turbine wake. The three‐dimensional flow vorticity structures, the section vorticity diagram, the pressure fluctuation of wake and the lift coefficient of wind turbine wake are utilized to explore the effect of the tip speed ratio on the unsteady physics mechanism of wind turbine wake. With the increase of the tip speed ratio, the distance between two adjacent vortex rings along the axial direction gradually decreases, as the position of the broken vortex circles gradually approaches the center of the blade, separated vortexes are rapidly generated, and the coherent structure appears closer to the wind turbine. A relationship is established between the tip speed ratios and the positions of the broken vortex circles. It is further found that the dominant frequency amplitude gradually increases with the increase of tip speed ratio and the pressure amplitude spectra of vortex increases with the decrease of the distance between the wake and the center of the blade axis. The above series of studies can provide significant physical insight into deep understanding the influence of the tip speed ratio on the wake characteristics of wind turbines.
Microtopography causes small‐scale variation in harvest and forage quality of high‐yielding silage grassland in northern Germany
Authors: Mroncz Angelika , Isselstein Johannes , Komainda Martin , Leuschner Christoph 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundLocal sward dieback, especially in grasslands on peat soil, in response to the extreme 2018/2019 drought demonstrates climate vulnerability of intensive grasslands in northern Central Europe.MethodsWe explore the influence of microtopography, that is, the within‐field mosaic of depressions and elevated patches, on soil volumetric moisture content, standing biomass and biomass crude protein (CP) and fibre content in intensively managed grassland on peat soil in a moist year (2021) and a dry year (2022) for quantifying small‐scale spatial heterogeneity within a field.ResultsWe found high within‐field variation in soil moisture, biomass and forage quality and a moisture dependence of productivity that was stronger in the dry year. CP ranged from 10% to 25% within a field, being lower in moist depressions than elevated patches in the wet (but not in the dry) summer.ConclusionsThe moister depressions help to limit the overall productivity decline in dry summers, whereas, in moist summers, the higher dry patches produce more protein‐rich forage than the depressions, where productivity is higher but quality is lower. We recommend adapting grassland management to this heterogeneity through spatially differentiated management regimes in order to better cope with an increasingly drier and more variable climate.
Fecal microbiota reveal adaptation of herbivores to the extreme environment of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau
Authors: Zou Hao , Li Qi , Liu Jie , Wang Xiangtao , Gao Qun , Yang Yunfeng , Zhao Xinquan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundGut microbiota is pivotal in regulating hosts' biological processes and maintaining homeostasis, but knowledge about its role in wild herbivores in extreme environments remains limited.MethodsGut bacteria and fungi were sequenced in ruminant (Chiru and Yak) and nonruminant (Kiang) herbivores on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, and their community structure, co‐occurrence networks, functions, and assembly mechanisms were investigated using multivariate ecological and statistical methods.ResultsKiang had lower gut microbial diversity than Chiru and Yak. Bacterial host‐specific exclusivity was greater than that of fungi. In addition to the evidence of glycan biosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolism, Chiru had a high Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and low animal pathogen abundance, suggesting better adaptation to the plateau's harsh environment. Additionally, members of gut microbiota tended to co‐occur rather than co‐exclude in all herbivores. Different network complexity and stability patterns were observed between bacterial and fungal communities. Furthermore, gut bacterial assembly was primarily controlled by stochastic dispersal limitation and drift, whereas fungal assembly was primarily controlled by deterministic homogeneous selection except in Chiru.ConclusionsOn the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, Chiru and Yak exhibit more diverse gut microbiota and more diverse metabolic functions than Kiang, and gut bacteria are more divergent than gut fungi in these herbivores.
Atypical co‐development of the thalamus and cortex in autism: Evidence from age‐related white–gray contrast change
Authors: Bezgin Gleb , Lewis John D. , Fonov Vladimir S. , Collins D. Louis , Evans Alan C. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractRecent studies have shown that white–gray contrast (WGC) of either cortical or subcortical gray matter provides for accurate predictions of age in typically developing (TD) children, and that, at least for the cortex, it changes differently with age in subjects with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) compared to their TD peers. Our previous study showed different patterns of contrast change between ASD and TD in sensorimotor and association cortices. While that study was confined to the cortex, we hypothesized that subcortical structures, particularly the thalamus, were involved in the observed cortical dichotomy between lower and higher processing. The current paper investigates that hypothesis using the WGC measures from the thalamus in addition to those from the cortex. We compared age‐related WGC changes in the thalamus to those in the cortex. To capture the simultaneity of this change across the two structures, we devised a metric capturing the co‐development of the thalamus and cortex (CoDevTC), proportional to the magnitude of cortical and thalamic age‐related WGC change. We calculated this metric for each of the subjects in a large homogeneous sample taken from the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange (ABIDE) (N = 434). We used structural MRI data from the largest high‐quality cross‐sectional sample (NYU) as well as two other large high‐quality sites, GU and OHSU, all three using Siemens 3T scanners. We observed that the co‐development features in ASD and TD exhibit contrasting patterns; specifically, some higher‐order thalamic nuclei, such as the lateral dorsal nucleus, exhibited reduction in codevelopment with most of the cortex in ASD compared to TD. Moreover, this difference in the CoDevTC pattern correlates with a number of behavioral measures across multiple cognitive and physiological domains. The results support previous notions of altered connectivity in autism, but add more specific evidence about the heterogeneity in thalamocortical development that elucidates the mechanisms underlying the clinical features of ASD.
Head and neck reconstruction with the superficial circumflex iliac artery perforator (SCIP) free flap: Lessons learned after 73 cases
Authors: Scaglioni Mario F. , Meroni Matteo , Tomasetti Patrick E. , Rajan Gunesh P. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundHead and neck tissue defects after ablative surgery often require complex and composite reconstructions. The superficial circumflex iliac artery perforator (SCIP) flap is an extremely versatile perforator‐based flap with minimal donor site morbidity, which may represent the optimal procedure in this setting. Over the last 5 years, we collected a large base of experience, including both simple and chimeric SCIP‐based reconstruction, making this flap our first choice for head and neck reconstructions.Patients and MethodsSeventy‐three patients undergoing ablative head and neck surgery for oncologic pathologies were treated by means of a SCIP flap reconstruction. Patients' mean age was 67 years old (range 37–89), 51 were males and 22 were females. Fifty‐eight flaps were simple and 15 were chimeric reconstruction patterns. Indocyanine green perfusion imaging was performed in all cases.ResultsAll the patients were successfully treated with no flap losses were encountered. Twelve patients encountered postoperative complications: in four cases revision surgery was required for venous congestion, while the remaining cases were managed conservatively (four wound dehiscence and three infections). No patients showed donor site complications. The mean follow‐up period was 11 months (range 3–24).ConclusionsOur case series demonstrates the reliability and versatility of the SCIP flap for different kinds of head and neck reconstructions. The chimeric options combined with bone, double skin paddle, and muscle offer a broad variety of functional reconstructive solutions for complex head and neck surgeries. Intraoperative indocyanine green perfusion examination provides a valuable tool to assess and ascertain proper vascularization and post‐anastomosis vessel patency in complex microvascular flap‐based reconstructions.
Exosomes secreted from induced pluripotent stem cell ameliorate the lipopolysaccharide induced neuroinflammatory response via lncRNA‐0949
Authors: Ma Lixiu , Xiao Ce , Zhang Zhizhe , Zhan Yi‐an 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPurposeTo study the effect of exosomes derived from the induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in the neuroinflammatory response of microglia caused by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and reveal the potential underlying mechanism.MethodsA permanent microglia cell line HMO6 was activated by LPS. The features of exosomes were analyzed by nano flow cytometry, Western blot and transmission electron microscope. The RNA‐seq was used to analyze the difference of noncoding RNA profiles between iPSC‐Exos and HMO6 derived exosomes and proved that long no‐coding RNA (lncRNA‐0949) was highly expressed in the iPSC‐Exos. Activated HMO6 cells were cocultured with iPSC‐Exos in which lncRNA‐0949 was overexpressed, knocked down or normally expressed. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR), Enzyme‐Linked Immunosorbent Assay and Western blot assay were adopted to analyze RNA and protein expression of inflammatory factors in HMO6 cells.ResultsThe oxidative stress and inflammatory response of microglia were significantly attenuated with the iPSC derived exosomes treatment. LncRNA‐0949 was effectively delivered into the HMO6 cells through the iPSC‐Exos, which largely alleviated the production of malondialdehyde, IL‐6, IL‐1β and TNF‐α in HMO6 cells. Overexpression of lncRNA‐0949 could enhance the anti‐inflammatory effect of the iPSC‐Exos, and knock‐down of lncRNA‐0949 impaired this availability.ConclusionAccording to our results, lncRNA‐0949 enriched exosomes from iPSC could potentially be used as a therapeutic strategy to prevent/treat neuroinflammatory diseases.
Case report: Systemic lupus erythematosus combined with myocardial hypertrophy
Authors: Wang Shanshan , Wei Xinfeng , Yang Wenqing , Zhang Dan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem‐involved, highly heterogeneous autoimmune disease with diverse clinical manifestations. We report an extremely rare case of SLE with severe diffuse myocardial hypertrophy.MethodsThe patientʼs echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) results indicated diffuse myocardial hypertrophy. After excluding coronary atherosclerosis, hypertensive cardiomyopathy, drug toxicity, and other causes, the patient was diagnosed with SLE‐specific cardiomyopathy. Medications such as hormones, antimalarials, immunosuppressants, and biologics were administered.ResultsAncillary test results were as follows: hs‐cTnI: 0.054 ng/mL (0–0.016); NTproBNP: 1594.0 pg/mL (<150); A contrast‐enhanced CMR revealed the diffuse thickening of the left ventricular wall with multiple abnormal enhancements, reduced left ventricular systolic and diastolic function, and moderate amount of pericardial effusion. Endomyocardial myocardial biopsy was performed, showing cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and degeneration, and no changes in myocarditis or amyloidosis. The pathology viewed by electron microscopy showed increased intracellular glycogen in the myocardium, and no hydroxychloroquine‐associated damage in the myocardium. The 24‐h ambulatory blood pressure and contrast‐enhanced computed tomography of coronary arteries were normal. The diagnosis of SLE‐specific cardiomyopathy was clear. The myocardial hypertrophy showed reversible alleviation following treatment with high‐dose corticosteroids. CMR results before and after treatment were as follows: interventricular septum, pretreatment (28) versus post‐treatment (22) mm; left ventricular inferior wall, pretreatment (18–21) versus post‐treatment (12–14) mm; left ventricular lateral wall, pretreatment (17–18) versus post‐treatment (10–12) mm; pericardial effusion (left ventricular lateral wall), pretreatment (25) versus post‐treatment (12) mm; left ventricular ejection fraction, pretreatment (38.9%) versus post‐treatment (66%).ConclusionMyocardial hypertrophy may be an important sign of active and prognostic assessment in SLE diagnosis and management. Similarly, when encountering cases of myocardial hypertrophy, the possibility of autoimmune disease should be considered in addition to common causes.