bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MiR-449b-5p Ameliorates Hypoxia-induced Cardiomyocyte Injury through Activating PI3K/AKT Pathway by Targeting BCL2L13
Authors: Jiang Yang , Liu Zeyan , Ye Li , Cheng Jinglin , Wan Jun 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRecent reports show miR-449b-5p reduces liver and renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, but its effects on hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte injury in ischemic heart disease are still unknown. In this study, AC16 human cardiomyocytes underwent hypoxic conditions for durations of 24, 48, and 72 h. We observed that miR-449b-5p expression was significantly downregulated in hypoxic AC16 cardiomyocytes. Elevating the levels of miR-449b-5p in these cells resulted in enhanced cell survival, diminished release of LDH, and a reduction in cell apoptosis and oxidative stress using CCK-8, LDH assays, flow cytometry, TUNEL staining, and various commercial kits. Conversely, reducing miR-449b-5p levels resulted in the opposite effects. Through bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter assays, BCL2-like 13 (BCL2L13) was determined to be a direct target of miR-449b-5p. Inhibiting BCL2L13 greatly inhibited hypoxia-induced cell viability loss, LDH release, cell apoptosis, and excessive production of oxidative stress, whereas increasing BCL2L13 negated miR-449b-5p’s protective impact in hypoxic AC16 cardiomyocytes. Additionally, miR-449b-5p elevated the levels of the proteins p-PI3K, p-AKT, and Bcl-2, while decreasing Bax expression in hypoxic AC16 cardiomyocytes by targeting BCL2L13. In summary, the research indicates that the protective effects of miR-449b-5p are facilitated through the activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway, which promotes cell survival, and by targeting BCL2L13, which inhibits apoptosis, offering a potential therapeutic strategy for ischemic heart disease by mitigating hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte injury.
Mitophagy Upregulation Occurs Early in the Neurodegenerative Process Mediated by α-Synuclein
Authors: Hui Sarah , George Jimmy , Kapadia Minesh , Chau Hien , Bariring Zahn , Earnshaw Rebecca , Shafiq Kashfia , Kalia Lorraine V. , Kalia Suneil K. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractParkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurogenerative movement disorder characterized by dopaminergic cell death within the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) due to the aggregation-prone protein α-synuclein. Accumulation of α-synuclein is implicated in mitochondrial dysfunction and disruption of the autophagic turnover of mitochondria, or mitophagy, which is an essential quality control mechanism proposed to preserve mitochondrial fidelity in response to aging and stress. Yet, the precise relationship between α-synuclein accumulation, mitochondrial autophagy, and dopaminergic cell loss remains unresolved. Here, we determine the kinetics of α-synuclein overexpression and mitophagy using the pH-sensitive fluorescent mito-QC reporter. We find that overexpression of mutant A53T α-synuclein in either human SH-SY5Y cells or rat primary cortical neurons induces mitophagy. Moreover, the accumulation of mutant A53T α-synuclein in the SNpc of rats results in mitophagy dysregulation that precedes the onset of dopaminergic neurodegeneration. This study reveals a role for mutant A53T α-synuclein in inducing mitochondrial dysfunction, which may be an early event contributing to neurodegeneration.
Kähler Geometry of Scalar Flat Metrics on Line Bundles Over Polarized Kähler–Einstein Manifolds
Authors: Cristofori Simone , Zedda Michela 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn view of a better understanding of the geometry of scalar flat Kähler metrics, this paper studies two families of scalar flat Kähler metrics constructed by Hwang and Singer (Trans Am Math Soc 354(6):2285–2325, 2002) on $$\mathbb {C}^{n+1}$$

C

n
+
1

and on $${\mathcal {O}}(-k)$$

O
(
-
k
)

. For the metrics in both the families, we prove the existence of an asymptotic expansion for their $$\epsilon $$
ϵ
-functions and we show that they can be approximated by a sequence of projectively induced Kähler metrics. Further, we show that the metrics on $$\mathbb {C}^{n+1}$$

C

n
+
1

are not projectively induced, and that the Burns–Simanca metric is characterized among the scalar flat metrics on $${\mathcal {O}}(-k)$$

O
(
-
k
)

to be the only projectively induced one as well as the only one whose second coefficient in the asymptotic expansion of the $$\epsilon $$
ϵ
-function vanishes.
Mean-Dispersion Principles and the Wigner Transform
Authors: Boiti Chiara , Jornet David , Oliaro Alessandro 
Published: April 2024

AbstractGiven a function $$f\in L^2(\mathbb {R})$$

f
∈

L
2

(
R
)

, we consider means and variances associated to f and its Fourier transform $$\hat{f}$$

f
^

, and explore their relations with the Wigner transform W(f), obtaining, as particular cases, a simple new proof of Shapiro’s mean-dispersion principle, as well as a stronger result due to Jaming and Powell. Uncertainty principles for orthonormal sequences in $$L^2(\mathbb {R})$$

L
2

(
R
)

involving linear partial differential operators with polynomial coefficients and the Wigner distribution, or different Cohen class representations, are obtained, and an extension to the case of Riesz bases is studied.
The influence of a previous implant-based breast reconstruction on postoperative sensation of the deep inferior epigastric artery perforator flap
Authors: van Rooij Joep A. F. , Bijkerk Ennie , van der Hulst René R. J. W. , Tuinder Stefania M. H. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Implants and DIEP flaps have different outcomes regarding postoperative breast sensation. When compared to the preoperative healthy breast, implant-based breast reconstruction (IBBR) negatively influences postoperative breast sensation. However, it is currently unknown whether a prior IBBR also influences postoperative sensation of a replacing DIEP flap. The goal of this cohort study is to evaluate the influence of an IBBR on the postoperative sensation of a replacing DIEP flap.

Methods
Women were included if they received a DIEP flap reconstruction after mastectomy, with or without prior tissue expander (TE) and/or definitive breast implant. Sensation was measured at four intervals in 9 areas of the breast with Semmes–Weinstein monofilaments: T0 (preoperative, implant/no reconstruction), T1 (2–7 months postoperative, DIEP), T2 (± 12 months postoperative, DIEP), Tmax (maximum follow-up, DIEP). Linear mixed-effects models were used to investigate the relationship between an implant/TE prior to the DIEP flap and recovery of breast sensation.

Results
142 women comprising 206 breasts were included. 48 (23.3%) breasts did, and 158 (76.7%) breasts did not have a TE/IBBR prior to their DIEP. No statistically significant or clinically relevant relationships were found between a prior implant/TE and recovery of DIEP flap breast sensation for the flap skin, native skin, or total breast skin at T1, T2, or Tmax. There were also no relationships found after adjustment for the confounders radiation therapy, BMI, diabetes, age, flap weight, follow-up, and nerve coaptation.

Conclusions
An implant/TE prior to a DIEP flap does not influence the recovery of postoperative breast sensation of the DIEP flap.
Aktuelle WHO-Klassifikation der oralen potenziell malignen Erkrankungen (OPMD)
Authors: Baumhoer Daniel , Reichert Torsten E. 
Published: April 2024

ZusammenfassungOrale Plattenepithelkarzinome entwickeln sich i. d. R. auf dem Boden von Vorläuferläsionen, die in der Klassifikation der Weltgesundheitsorganisation (WHO) als orale potenziell maligne Erkrankungen (OPMD) zusammengefasst und beschrieben werden. Mit der Neuauflage der Klassifikation, die Anfang 2022 als Betaversion online publiziert wurde und voraussichtlich Anfang 2024 als Printversion erscheinen wird, ergeben sich zahlreiche Präzisierungen und konzeptionelle Änderungen, die in diesem Beitrag dargestellt werden. Für ein besseres Verständnis werden auch verschiedene Hypothesen zur molekularen Pathogenese der Karzinomentstehung beschrieben und deren Auswirkungen auf die Diagnostik von Vorläuferläsionen diskutiert. Als morphologisch zentrale Indikatorläsion wird die orale Epitheldysplasie einschließlich Klassifikation und Prognose beschrieben. Abschließend werden Sonderformen, wie die lichenoiden Dysplasie und die proliferative verruköse Leukoplakie, im kritischen Kontext mit der aktuellen Literatur dargestellt.
Utilizing layout effects for analog logic locking
Authors: Aljafar Muayad J. , Azais Florence , Flottes Marie-Lise , Pagliarini Samuel 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWhile numerous obfuscation techniques are available for securing digital assets in the digital domain, there has been a notable lack of focus on protecting intellectual property (IP) in the analog domain. This is primarily due to the relatively smaller footprint of analog components within an integrated circuit (IC), with the majority of the surface dedicated to digital elements. However, despite their smaller nature, analog components are highly valuable IP and warrant effective protection. In this paper, we present a groundbreaking method for safeguarding analog IP by harnessing layout-based effects that are typically considered undesirable in IC design. Specifically, we exploit the impact of length of oxide diffusion and well proximity effect on transistors to fine-tune critical parameters such as transconductance ($$g_{m}$$

g
m

) and threshold voltage ($$V_{th}$$

V

th

). These parameters remain concealed behind key inputs, akin to the logic locking approach employed in digital ICs. Our research explores the application of layout-based effects in two commercial CMOS technologies, namely a 28 nm and a 65 nm node. To demonstrate the efficacy of our proposed technique, we implement it for locking an operational transconductance amplifier. Extensive simulations are performed, evaluating the obfuscation strength by applying a large number of key sets (over 50,000 and 300,000). The results exhibit a significant degradation in performance metrics, such as open-loop gain (up to 130 dB), phase margin (up to 50$$^\circ $$

∘

), 3 dB bandwidth (approximately 2.5 MHz), and power consumption (around 1 mW) when incorrect keys are employed. Our findings highlight the advantages of our approach as well as the associated overhead.
Nanozinc ferrites @ silica as efficient adsorbent for dye removal from wastewater: synthesis and adsorption studies
Authors: Hashem A. A. , Abd El-Wahab R. M. , Selim M. M. A. , Badawy A. A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe precipitation process was successfully employed to prepare ZnFe2O4 and ZnFe2O4@SiO2 nanoparticles. The synthesized nanoadsorbents were characterized employing transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Brauner-Emmett and Teller (BET) methods. The potential adsorption capacities of the generated nanoparticles were assessed under various conditions, including pH, starting dye concentration, contact time, and temperature. The adsorption efficiency of ZnFe2O4@SiO2 nanoparticles (95%) was higher than ZnFe2O4 (93%). The adsorption data were described using Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin-Kaganer-Radushkevich (DKR) isotherm models. The methylene blue (MB) removal kinetics by ZnFe2O4 and ZnFe2O4@Silica nanoparticles were evaluated using linear pseudo-first-order (PFO) and pseudo-second-order (PSO) models. The removal fitted to pseudo-second-order (PSO) models as the correlation coefficient (R2) value was (0.9994). The Boyd model may be used to validate the kinetics data, and it can be deduced that the rate-determining phase was not intra-particle diffusion, but rather the hypothesized adsorption process was endothermic and spontaneous in nature. Based on the findings, ZnFe2O4@silica is an adsorbent material that may be useful in removing methylene blue from aqueous solutions.
Factors predicting long-term weight maintenance in anorexia nervosa: a systematic review
Authors: Maurel Lydia , MacKean Molly , Lacey J. Hubert 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Eating disorder recovery is a poorly defined concept, with large variations among researchers’ definitions. Weight maintenance is a key aspect of recovery that remains relatively underexplored in the literature. Understanding the role of weight maintenance may help guide the development of treatments. This paper aims to address this by (1) investigating the factors predicting long-term weight maintenance in anorexia nervosa (AN) patients; (2) exploring differences in predictive factors between adolescent and adult populations; and (3) exploring how weight maintenance is conceptualised in the literature. Methods: We conducted a systematic review following PRISMA guidelines to address our research questions. Five databases were searched and filtered according to our exclusion criteria.

Results
From the search, 1059 studies were yielded, and 13 studies were included for review. A range of weight, biological and psychological factors were found to predict weight maintenance among these papers. BMI at admission and discharge from inpatient treatment was the most common predictor among the papers. Few studies investigated biological factors and mixed evidence was found for psychological factors. We found no observable differences between adult and adolescent populations. Finally, weight maintenance was defined and measured differently across studies.

Conclusion
This review’s findings can help contribute to a well-rounded understanding of weight maintenance, and ultimately, of recovery. This can help support clinicians in tailoring interventions to improve long-term outcomes in AN. Future research should aim to replicate studies to better understand the relationship between the factors identified and weight maintenance.

Level I
Systematic review.
Factors Associated with Israeli Arab Women Anxiety and Depression During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ali-Saleh O. , Bord S. , Basis F. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Reports have shown that women suffered from anxiety, stress, depression, and fatigue during the COVID-19 pandemic more than men. No study so far has examined the effect of the pandemic among the Arab minority in Israel.

Objectives
To examine the associations between levels of pandemic fatigue and stress of Israeli Arab women, and their anxiety and depression, along with their socio-demographic and socio-economic characteristics.

Methods
A Cohen and Williamson questionnaire, which was based on a Likert scale, was distributed by the snowball method through social networks. Bivariate associations between the psycho-social and demographic characteristics and anxiety and depression were assessed using t-tests, chi-square tests, Z tests, and Pearson correlations. Multiple linear regressions were used to evaluate the associations with anxiety and depression, and the mediation model was examined with path analysis with bootstrapping.

Results
Among 2294 Israeli Arab mothers who participated in the study, 63.7% were in the clinical range for anxiety, 67.4% for depression, and 57.5% for both anxiety and depression. Low economic status, pandemic fatigue, living in closed communities, and stress were related to anxiety and depression. Pandemic fatigue was positively related to stress, which was positively related to both anxiety and depression (standardized indirect effect = 0.137, SE = 0.014, 95%CI = 0.111, 0.164, p < .001; vs. 0.133, SE = 0.013, 95%CI = 0.108, 0.160, p < .001 respectively). The contribution of stress to anxiety and depression was significantly greater than that of pandemic fatigue (Z = 19.43 and Z = 18.04, p < .001, for anxiety and depression, respectively).

Conclusions
Demographic characteristics may put Arab women at a higher risk of anxiety and depression. Elevated stress alongside high fatigue may trigger mental health difficulties. The welfare of minorities should be addressed by policymakers in relation to their demographic needs.
Exploring home rehabilitation therapists’ experiences of supporting older persons to physical exercise after acute hospitalization: a qualitative interview study
Authors: Sandlund Christina , Sandberg Linda , Lindblom Sebastian , Frisendahl Nathalie , Boström Anne-Marie , Welmer Anna-Karin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
After hospitalization, older persons may face a decline in physical function and daily independence. In-hospital exercise interventions can mitigate this decline, and continued support from primary healthcare post-discharge may enhance sustainability. This study aimed to explore home rehabilitation therapists’ experiences of supporting physical exercise after acute hospitalization, including exercise programs initiated during hospital stay.

Methods
This qualitative study was conducted alongside a randomized-controlled trial to investigate prerequisites for a transitional care intervention. Twelve interviews were conducted with physiotherapists, occupational therapists, and managers across seven rehabilitation therapy services in Stockholm, Sweden. Data were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis.

Results
The analysis generated the theme Striving for individualized support for physical exercise, although limited resources and a fragmented home care risk to direct support away from those who need it the most. It was based on four subthemes: The starting point is always the patient's current needs, goals, and prerequisites, Continuing the exercise initiated during hospitalization by adapting it to the patient’s situation at home, Work premises not tailored to patients with complex care needs, and A home care organization that lacks coordination and unified purpose.

Conclusions
Interventions supporting older persons to physical exercise after acute hospitalization need to be tailored to the individual, support motivation, and be adapted to the patient’s home situation. Challenges may arise when care recourses lack alignment with the patients’ needs, and when the collaboration among care providers is limited. The findings contribute valuable insights for future studies incorporating transitional care interventions in similar context.
Optimisation-based strategies to identification of material parameters of hygro-thermo-mechanical problems
Authors: Vaz M. , Zdanski P. S. B. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractApplications involving hygro-thermo-mechanical models are found in engineering fields as diverse as electronic packaging, concrete structures, composite materials and wood structures. Within the framework of wood processing, hygro-thermo-mechanical problems account for the cross-dependence of moisture content, temperature and dimensional changes of wooden components. Numerical simulation plays an important role in predicting the behaviour of wooden structures and, therefore, use of appropriate process and material parameters is essential for a successful prediction. The present work is inserted in this context and addresses application of optimisation techniques to identification of heat transfer, moisture diffusion and moisture-dependent swelling/shrinkage parameters. The direct problem is formulated based on a fully coupled transient solution of the energy, moisture and momentum transfer conservation laws. A global–local hybrid optimisation technique is proposed combining swarm intelligence and deterministic approaches, respectively based on particle swarm optimisation and the Nelder–Mead (NM) technique. The first stage aims at reducing the search space, so that the NM algorithm is able to determine the global minimum with acceptable accuracy. The strategy is both robust and efficient, being able to avoid local minima with reduced number of fitness computations. An illustrative example featuring a moisture-gaining process is also discussed, in which special attention is placed on the elastic and material swelling coupled effects caused by moisture transfer.
Resonant Interactions Between Relativistic Electrons and EMIC Waves Modified by Partial Shell Proton Velocity Distributions
Authors: Yu Jiang , Ren Aojun , He Zhaoguo , Liu Xiaoman , Wang Jing , Liu Nigang , Chen Zuzheng , Li Liuyuan , Cui Jun , Cao Jinbin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractResonant interactions of relativistic electrons with electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves were previously considered under the cold plasma approximation or in hot plasmas with bi‐Maxwellian distributions. Here, we examine their resonant interactions in hot plasmas with partial shell distributions and find that such distributions can significantly alter the dispersion relation of EMIC waves and thus the corresponding wave‐induced electron pitch angle scattering rates and loss timescales compared to those under the cold plasma assumption. Regardless of wave band and frequency, partial shell distributed hot protons tend to uplift the electron minimum resonant energy, and reduce (raise) the pitch angle scattering rates of electrons at low (high) energies and large (small) pitch angles. Correspondingly, the loss timescales lengthen for low‐energy electrons but shorten for high‐energy electrons. Such tendencies are generally more significant for lower‐frequency EMIC waves and larger shell temperature, anisotropic degree, and concentration.
A Global Assessment of Eddy‐Induced Salinity Anomalies and Salt Transport by Eddy Movement
Authors: Mo Danhong , He Qingyou , Zhan Weikang , He Yinghui , Zhan Haigang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractEddy‐induced salt transport is essential in maintaining the oceanic salinity balance and global climate. However, the paucity of in situ measurements poses challenges in obtaining the spatial structure of the eddy salt transport globally. Here, we conduct a global estimation of eddy‐induced salinity anomalies and salt transport by eddy movement using 2 million historical hydrographic profile measurements and satellite‐based eddy observations spanning from 1993 to 2019. The results demonstrate rich geographic and vertical variability in the salinity anomalies induced by eddies across the global ocean. Vertical sign switches of salinity anomalies within eddies are observed in the tropical and subtropical oceans, as well as in the Kuroshio Extension region. Additionally, meridional sign switches of eddy‐induced salinity anomalies are observed in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current region. By integrating eddy occurrence probability, we refine the methodology for estimating eddy‐induced salt transport, and provide global spatial patterns of both meridional and zonal salt transport induced by eddy movement at each 2° × 2° grid. Significant salt transport by meridional eddy movement is observed in the mid‐latitude oceans, with the peak zonal‐depth integrated salt transport reaching 106 kg·s−1 in the mid‐latitudes of the southern hemisphere. Specifically, the Brazil‐Malvinas Confluence region is identified as a highly efficient pathway for meridional salt transport, with a magnitude of −1.28 × 106 kg·s−1, significantly surpassing other regions in the global ocean. These findings may provide important references for the understanding and simulation of global oceanic salinity transport.