bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating the effects of dopamine on short‐ and long‐latency afferent inhibition
Authors: Foglia Stevie D. , Adams Faith C. , Ramdeo Karishma R. , Drapeau Chloe C. , Turco Claudia V. , Tarnopolsky Mark , Ma Jinhui , Nelson Aimee J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractShort‐ and long‐latency afferent inhibition (SAI and LAI respectively) are phenomenon whereby the motor evoked potential induced by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is inhibited by a sensory afferent volley consequent to nerve stimulation. It remains unclear whether dopamine participates in the genesis or modulation of SAI and LAI. The present study aimed to determine if SAI and LAI are modulated by levodopa (l‐DOPA). In this placebo‐controlled, double‐anonymized study Apo‐Levocarb (100 mg l‐DOPA in combination with 25 mg carbidopa) and a placebo were administered to 32 adult males (mean age 24 ± 3 years) in two separate sessions. SAI and LAI were evoked by stimulating the median nerve and delivering single‐pulse TMS over the motor hotspot corresponding to the first dorsal interosseous muscle of the right hand. SAI and LAI were quantified before and 1 h following ingestion of drug or placebo corresponding to the peak plasma concentration of Apo‐Levocarb. The results indicate that Apo‐Levocarb increases SAI and does not significantly alter LAI. These findings support literature demonstrating increased SAI following exogenous dopamine administration in neurodegenerative disorders.
imageKey points
Short‐ and long‐latency afferent inhibition (SAI and LAI respectively) are measures of corticospinal excitability evoked using transcranial magnetic stimulation.
SAI and LAI are reduced in conditions such as Parkinson's disease which suggests dopamine may be involved in the mechanism of afferent inhibition.
125 mg of Apo‐Levocarb (100 mg dopamine) increases SAI but not LAI.
This study increases our understanding of the pharmacological mechanism of SAI and LAI.
Pseudorabies virus usurps non-muscle myosin heavy chain IIA to dampen viral DNA recognition by cGAS for antagonism of host antiviral innate immunity
Authors: Liu Yingqi , Qin Yidan , Yang Bingbing , Zheng Hongmei , Qiao Songlin , Luo Zhong , Li Rui 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Alphaherpesvirus pseudorabies virus (PRV) causes severe economic losses to the global pig industry and has garnered increasing attention due to its broad host range including humans. PRV has developed a variety of strategies to antagonize host antiviral innate immunity. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. In our previous work, we demonstrated that non-muscle myosin heavy chain IIA (NMHC-IIA), a multifunctional cytoskeleton protein, attenuates innate immune responses triggered by RNA viruses. In the current study, we reported a previously unrecognized role of NMHC-IIA in counteracting PRV-induced cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-dependent type I interferon (IFN-I) production. Mechanistically, PRV infection led to an elevation of NMHC-IIA, strengthening the interaction between poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) and cGAS. This interaction impeded cGAS recognition of PRV DNA and hindered downstream signaling activation. Conversely, inhibition of NMHC-IIA by Blebbistatin triggered innate immune responses and enhanced resistance to PRV proliferation both
in vitro
and
in vivo
. Taken together, our findings unveil that PRV utilizes NMHC-IIA to antagonize host antiviral immune responses via impairing DNA sensing by cGAS. This in-depth understanding of PRV immunosuppression not only provides insights for potential PRV treatment strategies but also highlights NMHC-IIA as a versatile immunosuppressive regulator usurped by both DNA and RNA viruses. Consequently, NMHC-IIA holds promise as a target for the development of broad-spectrum antiviral drugs.

IMPORTANCE

Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) axis plays a vital role in counteracting alphaherpesvirus infections. Alphaherpesviruses exploit various strategies for antagonizing cGAS-STING-mediated antiviral immune responses. However, limited examples of pseudorabies virus (PRV)-caused immunosuppression have been documented. Our findings reveal a novel role of non-muscle myosin heavy chain IIA (NMHC-IIA) in suppressing PRV-triggered innate immune responses to facilitate viral propagation both
in vitro
and
in vivo
. In detail, NMHC-IIA recruits poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) to augment its interaction with cGAS, which impairs cGAS recognition of PRV DNA. Building on our previous demonstration of NMHC-IIA’s immunosuppressive role during RNA virus infections, these findings indicate that NMHC-IIA acts as a broad-spectrum suppressor of host antiviral innate immunity in response to both DNA and RNA viruses. Therefore, NMHC-IIA will be a promising target for the development of comprehensive antiviral strategies.
Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) recommendations on intratumoral immunotherapy clinical trials (IICT): from premalignant to metastatic disease
Authors: Luke Jason J , Davar Diwakar , Andtbacka Robert H , Bhardwaj Nina , Brody Joshua D , Chesney Jason , Coffin Robert , de Baere Thierry , de Gruijl Tanja D , Fury Matthew , Goldmacher Gregory , Harrington Kevin J , Kaufman Howard , Kelly Ciara M , Khilnani Anuradha D , Liu Ke , Loi Sherene , Long Georgina V , Melero Ignacio , Middleton Mark , Neyns Bart , Pinato David J , Sheth Rahul A , Solomon Stephen B , Szapary Philippe , Marabelle Aurelien 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundIntratumorally delivered immunotherapies have the potential to favorably alter the local tumor microenvironment and may stimulate systemic host immunity, offering an alternative or adjunct to other local and systemic treatments. Despite their potential, these therapies have had limited success in late-phase trials for advanced cancer resulting in few formal approvals. The Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) convened a panel of experts to determine how to design clinical trials with the greatest chance of demonstrating the benefits of intratumoral immunotherapy for patients with cancers across all stages of pathogenesis.MethodsAn Intratumoral Immunotherapy Clinical Trials Expert Panel composed of international key stakeholders from academia and industry was assembled. A multiple choice/free response survey was distributed to the panel, and the results of this survey were discussed during a half-day consensus meeting. Key discussion points are summarized in the following manuscript.ResultsThe panel determined unique clinical trial designs tailored to different stages of cancer development—from premalignant to unresectable/metastatic—that can maximize the chance of capturing the effect of intratumoral immunotherapies. Design elements discussed included study type, patient stratification and exclusion criteria, indications of randomization, study arm determination, endpoints, biological sample collection, and response assessment with biomarkers and imaging. Populations to prioritize for the study of intratumoral immunotherapy, including stage, type of cancer and line of treatment, were also discussed along with common barriers to the development of these local treatments.ConclusionsThe SITC Intratumoral Immunotherapy Clinical Trials Expert Panel has identified key considerations for the design and implementation of studies that have the greatest potential to capture the effect of intratumorally delivered immunotherapies. With more effective and standardized trial designs, the potential of intratumoral immunotherapy can be realized and lead to regulatory approvals that will extend the benefit of these local treatments to the patients who need them the most.
Contribution of basal ganglia activity to REM sleep disorder in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Yin Zixiao , Yuan Tianshuo , Yang Anchao , Xu Yichen , Zhu Guanyu , An Qi , Ma Ruoyu , Gan Yifei , Shi Lin , Bai Yutong , Zhang Ning , Wang Chunxue , Jiang Yin , Meng Fangang , Neumann Wolf-Julian , Tan Huiling , Zhang Jian-Guo 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundRapid eye movement (REM) sleep behaviour disorder (RBD) is one of the most common sleep problems and represents a key prodromal marker in Parkinson’s disease (PD). It remains unclear whether and how basal ganglia nuclei, structures that are directly involved in the pathology of PD, are implicated in the occurrence of RBD.MethodHere, in parallel with whole-night video polysomnography, we recorded local field potentials from two major basal ganglia structures, the globus pallidus internus and subthalamic nucleus, in two cohorts of patients with PD who had varied severity of RBD. Basal ganglia oscillatory patterns during RBD and REM sleep without atonia were analysed and compared with another age-matched cohort of patients with dystonia that served as controls.ResultsWe found that beta power in both basal ganglia nuclei was specifically elevated during REM sleep without atonia in patients with PD, but not in dystonia. Basal ganglia beta power during REM sleep positively correlated with the extent of atonia loss, with beta elevation preceding the activation of chin electromyogram activities by ~200 ms. The connectivity between basal ganglia beta power and chin muscular activities during REM sleep was significantly correlated with the clinical severity of RBD in PD.ConclusionsThese findings support that basal ganglia activities are associated with if not directly contribute to the occurrence of RBD in PD. Our study expands the understanding of the role basal ganglia played in RBD and may foster improved therapies for RBD by interrupting the basal ganglia-muscular communication during REM sleep in PD.
EFFECT OF CUPPING THERAPY ON PAIN, CARDIORESPIRATORY PARAMETERS, AND LUNG FUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH FIBROMYALGIA SYNDROME
Authors: Khandelwal Muskan , Kalra Sheetal , Ajmera Puneeta , Hirendra Rai Richa 
Published: April 2024

Background: The rheumatic condition fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is marked by extensive pain, and tender points, with accompanying complaints such as stiffened muscles, depression, anxiety, sleep disturbance, along with dyspnea, exhaustion, and other cardio-respiratory related dysfunction. This study’s goal was to determine the effect of dry cupping intervention on pain, cardiorespiratory parameters as well as lung function in patients with FMS. Methods: Thirty females with FMS (40–60 years old) were enlisted and subsequently divided into two distinct groups: conventional treatment with ([Formula: see text] = 15) and without ([Formula: see text] = 15) cupping therapy i.e. experimental and control groups respectively. All participants received therapies 3 days a week during this study. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), digital pressure pain threshold (PPT), cardiac parameters including blood pressure using a sphygmomanometer, O2 saturation and pulse rate using a pulse oximeter, respiratory parameters including chest expansion using a measuring tape, lung functions including FVC and FEV1/FVC using a spirometer were used to assess participants on baseline, last day of 2nd and 4th week of treatment. Results: Improvements in pain, PPT, oxygen saturation, pulse rate, and chest expansion, FVC and FEV1/FVC were higher in the group who got cupping therapy including conventional treatment against the group who just received conventional treatment ([Formula: see text] 0.05). At the end of the 4th week, there was no appreciable change in blood pressure levels between the groups ([Formula: see text] 0.05). Conclusion: The FMS treatment plan should include cupping therapy in addition to conventional treatment to help patients improve their cardio-respiratory fitness and overall quality of life.
U–Pb zircon ages from tuffaceous beds in the Terreneuvian to Cambrian Series 2 sections of Avalonian southern New Brunswick, Canada: new constraints on chronostratigraphic correlations and the Cambrian time scale
Authors: Hamilton Michael A. , Álvaro J. Javier , Barr Sandra M. , Jensen Sören , Johnson Susan C. , Palacios Teodoro , van Rooyen Deanne , White Chris E. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Avalonian sections in the Saint John area, southern New Brunswick, have long contributed to global understanding of Cambrian chronostratigraphy. A tuffaceous bed in the Ratcliffe Brook Formation (RBF) in the Somerset Street section dated at
c.
531 Ma has traditionally been considered to post-date small shelly fossils attributed to the
Watsonella crosbyi
Zone in the Hanford Brook section. A fine-grained tuffaceous bed approximately 8 m stratigraphically lower in the Somerset Street section yields a chemical abrasion isotope dilution–thermal ionization mass spectrometry zircon age of 532.3 ± 0.3 Ma; a tuffaceous carbonate unit in the lower RBF in Hanford Brook gives an age of 531.5 ± 0.3 Ma. Crystal and crystal-lithic tuff beds near the top of the RBF yield ages of 520.3 ± 0.3 Ma (in Hanford Brook) and 519.1 ± 0.3 Ma (in Ratcliffe Brook). The new ages confirm the correlation between the Somerset Street and Hanford Brook sections based on acritarchs and make the association of small shelly fossils in the Hanford Brook section younger than 531 Ma. This result is relevant to ongoing discussions on the age of the base of undefined Cambrian Stage 2. The radiometric ages also support a young age for the upper part of the RBF, perhaps extending into Epoch 2.
Does Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status Alter Memory Change Associated with a Cancer Diagnosis? Preliminary Evidence from the US Health and Retirement Study
Authors: Westrick Ashly C. , Ospina-Romero Monica , Clarke Philippa , Langa Kenneth M. , Kobayashi Lindsay C. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background:
Neighborhood disadvantage has been linked to cognitive impairment, but little is known about the effect of neighborhood disadvantage on long-term cancer-related memory decline.

Methods:
Incident cancer diagnosis and memory (immediate and delayed recall, combined with proxy-reported memory) were assessed at biennial interviews in the US Health and Retirement Study (N = 13,293, 1998–2016). Neighborhood disadvantage was measured using the National Neighborhood Data Archive disadvantage index, categorized into tertiles (T1: least disadvantaged–T3: most disadvantaged). Linear mixed-effects models estimated the standardized memory trajectories in participants with or without cancer, by neighborhood disadvantage.

Results:
Living in more disadvantaged neighborhoods was associated with worse mean memory function and steeper memory declines, regardless of cancer status. An incident cancer diagnosis was associated with an acute memory drop for those living in least disadvantaged neighborhoods but not more disadvantaged neighborhoods [T1: −0.05, 95% confidence interval (CI): −0.08, −0.01; T3: −0.13, 95% CI: −0.06, 0.03]. Cancer survivors in the least disadvantaged neighborhoods had a slight memory advantage in the years prior to diagnosis (T1: 0.09, 95% CI: 0.04, 0.13) and after diagnosis (T1: 0.07, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.13).

Conclusions:
An incident cancer diagnosis among those living in the least disadvantaged neighborhoods was associated with an acute memory drop at the time of diagnosis and a long-term memory advantage before and after diagnosis compared with cancer-free individuals in similar neighborhoods.

Impact:
These findings could inform interventions to promote cancer survivor’s long-term aging. Future studies should investigate the social and biological pathways through which neighborhood socioeconomic status could influence cancer-related memory changes.
Synergy of EGFR and AURKA Inhibitors in KRAS-mutated Non–small Cell Lung Cancers
Authors: Bagnyukova Tetyana , Egleston Brian L. , Pavlov Valerii A. , Serebriiskii Ilya G. , Golemis Erica A. , Borghaei Hossein 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The most common oncogenic driver mutations for non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) activate EGFR or KRAS. Clinical trials exploring treatments for EGFR- or KRAS-mutated (EGFRmut or KRASmut) cancers have focused on small-molecule inhibitors targeting the driver mutations. Typically, these inhibitors perform more effectively based on combination with either chemotherapies, or other targeted therapies. For EGFRmut NSCLC, a combination of inhibitors of EGFR and Aurora-A kinase (AURKA), an oncogene commonly overexpressed in solid tumors, has shown promising activity in clinical trials. Interestingly, a number of recent studies have indicated that EGFR activity supports overall viability of tumors lacking EGFR mutations, and AURKA expression is abundant in KRASmut cell lines. In this study, we have evaluated dual inhibition of EGFR and AURKA in KRASmut NSCLC models. These data demonstrate synergy between the EGFR inhibitor erlotinib and the AURKA inhibitor alisertib in reducing cell viability and clonogenic capacity in vitro, associated with reduced activity of EGFR pathway effectors, accumulation of enhanced aneuploid cell populations, and elevated cell death. Importantly, the erlotinib-alisertib combination also synergistically reduces xenograft growth in vivo. Analysis of signaling pathways demonstrated that the combination of erlotinib and alisertib was more effective than single-agent treatments at reducing activity of EGFR and pathway effectors following either brief or extended administration of the drugs. In sum, this study indicates value of inhibiting EGFR in KRASmut NSCLC, and suggests the specific value of dual inhibition of AURKA and EGFR in these tumors.

Significance:
The introduction of specific KRAS G12C inhibitors to the clinical practice in lung cancer has opened up opportunities that did not exist before. However, G12C alterations are only a subtype of all KRAS mutations observed. Given the high expression of AURKA in KRASmut NSCLC, our study could point to a potential therapeutic option for this subgroup of patients.
Creating an islamic boarding school english corpus: corpus metadata, frequently used words, and unique words
Authors: Agustina Yulia , Widodo Pratomo , Margana Margana 
Published: April 2024

In the current era, the use of corpora in language teaching is mainly explored in English classes as it has become a trend in education. Hence, this research aimed to identify the corpus metadata, frequently used words, and unique words related to the Islamic boarding school context to be used in the English instructional process. This research employed a mixed method combining quantitative and qualitative data analysis methods. Two English Islamic boarding school books, several articles covering the scope of Islamic boarding school, and students’ speech texts were selected as the data. Then, they were analyzed using the Voyant tool. The finding showed total words of 49,970: 5,417 specific words, 0.108 vocabulary density, and a 12,980-readability index. The finding will be incorporated into instructional resources for developing Islamic boarding school students' general and/or specialized vocabulary. The words, in particular, will provide a foundation for students in constructing Islamic speech texts, delivering speeches, and using English in an Islamic boarding school environment.
Os peixes de água doce do Brasil : volume II
Authors: Fowler Henry W. 
Published: April 2024

Decorrido um triênio, completa-se no presente volume, IX de sua série, a lista d' "Os Peixes de água doce do Brasil" de H. W, Fowler, cuja primeira parte, dividida em três entregas sucessivas, constituiu matéria do volume VI dos Arquivos de Zoologia do Estado de São Paulo, São de ontem as nossas palavras de justificativa da edição. Desnecessário pois é repeti-las, bem como os louvores tecidos ao trabalho, que, sejam quais forem as falhas de que porventura se ressinta, constituirá durante muito tempo guia precioso para os estudos ulteirores no campo por ele abrangido. Considerando o limitado curso do idioma para o qual houve necessidade de passar os manuscritos, estamparam-se intactas, no final do volume, à guisa de "abstract", aquelas partes do original que, encerrando matéria de capital importância, se mostram ao mesmo tempo de inteligência mais difícil aos pouco conhecedores de nossa língua. Com isso pensamos contornar os inconvenientes de que se poderia arguir uma obra destinada, por sua natureza, a ser entendida e utilizada pelos que, nos quatro cantos do mundo, se interessam especialmente pela ictiologia brasileira.
Influence of Socioeconomic Status on Functional Outcomes After Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Nguyen Mai T. H. , Sakamoto Yuki , Maeda Toshiki , Woodward Mark , Anderson Craig S. , Catiwa Jayson , Yazidjoglou Amelia , Carcel Cheryl , Yang Min , Wang Xia 
Published: April 2024

Background
This review aimed to quantify the impact of socioeconomic status on functional outcomes from stroke and identify the socioeconomic status indicators that exhibit the highest magnitude of association.

Methods and Results
We performed a systematic literature search across Medline and Embase from inception to May 2022, to identify observational studies (n≥100, and in English). Risk of bias was assessed using the modified Newcastle Ottawa Scale. Random effects meta‐analysis was used to pool data. We included 19 studies (157 715 patients, 47.7% women) reporting functional outcomes measured with modified Rankin Scale or Barthel index, with 10 assessed as low risk of bias. Measures of socioeconomic status reported were education (11 studies), income (8), occupation (4), health insurance status (3), and neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation (3). Pooled data suggested that low socioeconomic status was significantly associated with poor functional outcomes, including incomplete education or below high school level versus high school attainment and above (odds ratio [OR], 1.66 [95% CI, 1.40–1.95]), lowest income versus highest income (OR, 1.36 [95% CI, 1.02–1.83]), a manual job/being unemployed versus a nonmanual job/working (OR, 1.62 [95% CI, 1.29–2.02]), and living in the most disadvantaged socioeconomic neighborhood versus the least disadvantaged (OR, 1.55 [95% CI, 1.25–1.92]). Low health insurance status was also associated with an increased risk of poor functional outcomes (OR, 1.32 [95% CI, 0.95–1.84]), although this was association was not statistically significant.

Conclusions
Despite great strides in stroke treatment in the past decades, social disadvantage remains a risk factor for poor functional outcome after an acute stroke. Further research is needed to better understand causal mechanisms and disparities.