bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
User readiness as a determinant for use of big data analytics: A case of state corporations in Kenya
Authors: Imende‐Obonyo Vera , Njihia James Muranga , Iraki X. N. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractState corporations in Kenya are installing systems to provide real‐time data to enhance decision making, customer base growth, and revenue generation. However, these organizations must still determine their readiness for big data analytics. User readiness as a determinant for use of big data analytics in developing countries like Kenya has received limited coverage in literature. Yet, successful implementation necessitates users' preparedness and willingness to use the technology. Grounded theory was used in this study, which involved eight state corporations in Kenya. Four categories emerged from the data: user attributes, change management, ICT competence, and decision‐making culture. The proposed interventions to improve user readiness are top leadership support, user engagement, change management strategies, capacity‐building programs, and data governance. The article contributes to literature by exploring the gap between user readiness and use of big data analytics in state corporations in Kenya. It additionally offers practitioners, decision‐makers, and government officials in developing countries, factors that can increase use of big data analytics.
Structural response and mechanical properties of the hind wing of the beetle Protaetia brevitarsis
Authors: Li Xin , Zheng Yu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe folding/unfolding mechanism and collision recovery effect of the beetle's hind wings can provide biomimetic inspiration for the optimization of wing deplorability and the investigation of collision prevention recovery mechanism of new amphibious morphing vehicle. In this study, a method is described to investigate the structural response and mechanical properties of the hind wings of the beetle Protetia brevitarsis under natural conditions. The specially processed test samples were conducted to tensile testing, which facilitates the evaluation of the mechanical properties of specific areas of the hind wing. The micro geometric morphological characteristics of the cross‐section of the specimen after tensile fracture were observed by scanning electron microscopy. The three‐dimensional morphology of the ventral and dorsal sides of the hind wing was characterized using three‐dimensional scanning and reverse modeling methods. The finite element model of the hind wing is developed to investigate the structural deformation and modal response characteristics of its flapping. The uniformly distributed load on the hind wing surface is derived from the lift characteristics obtained from the computational fluid dynamics simulation of flapping wing motion.Research Highlights
Scanning electron microscope is used to observe the cross‐sectional characteristics of the veins and membranes.
The material properties of the wing membranes and veins of the hind wings were measured using the tensile testing system.
The three‐dimensional morphology of the hind wing was characterized using 3D scanning and reverse modeling methods.
The finite element model of the hind wing is developed to investigate the structural deformation and modal response characteristics of its flapping.
Drosophila melanogaster as a model organism for diabetes II treatment by the ethyl acetate fraction of Atriplex halimus L.
Authors: Montaser Omnia , El‐Aasr Mona , Tawfik Haytham O. , Meshrif Wesam S. , Elbrense Hanaa 
Published: April 2024

AbstractType 2 diabetes (T2D) is the most common metabolic disorder. The undesirable effects of synthetic drugs demand a search for safe antidiabetic agents. This study aimed to assess the antidiabetic activity of different fractions of Atriplex halimus (petroleum ether 60–80, methylene chloride, ethyl acetate, and n‐butanol) using Drosophila melanogaster larvae. Titers of total glucose and trehalose, as well as larval weight, were measured and compared with those of control and diabetic larvae. The expression of Drosophila insulin‐like peptides (DILP2 and DILP3) and adipokinetic hormone (AKH) was evaluated. The results revealed a significant increase in total glucose, trehalose, and a decrease in body weight in the larvae fed a high‐sugar diet compared with those in the control. When larvae fed diets containing the tested fractions, the total glucose and trehalose decreased to the control level, and the body weight increased. DILP2, DILP3, and AKH exhibited significant decreases upon treatment with A. halimus ethyl acetate. Metabolomic profiling of the ethyl acetate fraction of A. halimus revealed the presence of flavonoids and flavonoid glycosides. After docking screening to predict the most powerful moiety, we discovered that flavonoid glycosides (especially eriodictyol‐7‐O‐neohesperidoside) have a greater affinity for the pocket than the other moieties. The results indicated the therapeutic activity of the A. halimus ethyl acetate fraction against induced T2D in Drosophila larvae. The antidiabetic activity may be attributed to flavonoids, which are the main components of the A. halimus ethyl acetate fraction.
Soil bacterial community structure and co‐occurrence networks in response to the succession of secondary forests in subtropical regions
Authors: Qian Zhuangzhuang , Tang Luozhong , Hu Yaping , Zhou Xu , Zheng Xiao , Ding Hui , Ge Xiaomin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA large amount of secondary successional vegetation (subtropical evergreen broadleaved forests) has formed after the extensive deforestation and cultivation of coniferous forests in Wuyi Mountain, Southeast China. However, we lack a detailed understanding of the dynamic changes in microbial community structure and its co‐occurrence network during succession. The features that are responsible for alterations in the soil bacterial community remain poorly defined. Therefore, we compared the soil physicochemical properties, enzyme activities, and bacterial diversity among three different forests (a coniferous forest [CF], early stage of succession; a mixed conifer‐broadleaf forest [CBMF], middle stage of succession; an evergreen broadleaf forest [EBF]; late stage of succession). Results indicated that the contents of soil organic carbon and microbial biomass carbon (MBC) in CBMF were higher compared with those in CF. The alpha diversity indices were the highest in CBMF. Functional annotation of prokaryotic taxa predicted the relative abundances of chemoheterotrophy and aerobic chemoheterotrophy were lower in CF than in the other two forests. Bacterial network topology was affected by forest succession, with CBMF having more complex bacterial networks. Mantel's test indicated the soil nitrate nitrogen content (P = 0.03) was the most important property that shaped the bacterial community composition, bacterial diversity was influenced by soil pH (P = 0.026), and the contents of available phosphorus (P = 0.04) and MBC (P = 0.022) during the succession process. In conclusion, the succession of secondary forests promoted soil nutrient accumulation and improved bacterial diversity and network complexity.
Healthcare systems collaborating to implement a shared decision‐making tool in the electronic health record and build evidence on its adoption and use
Authors: Branda Megan E. , Ridgeway Jennifer L. , Mann Devin , Wieser Jeff , Gomez Yvonne , Dagoberg Ashlee , Nautiyal Vivek , Jackson Hugh , Jahn Patrick , Yaple Kathy , Khurana Charanjit , Gharai Hooman , Giese Briana , Corcoran Tate , Montori Victor , Montori Victor M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIntroductionShared decision‐making (SDM) is a method of care by which patients and clinicians work together to co‐create a plan of care. Electronic health record (EHR) integration of SDM tools may increase adoption of SDM. We conducted a “lightweight” integration of a freely available electronic SDM tool, CV Prevention Choice, within the EHRs of three healthcare systems. Here, we report how the healthcare systems collaborated to achieve integration.MethodsThis work was conducted as part of a stepped wedge randomized pragmatic trial. CV Prevention Choice was developed using guidelines for HTML5‐based web applications. Healthcare systems integrated the tool in their EHR using documentation the study team developed and refined with lessons learned after each system integrated the electronic SDM tool into their EHR. CV Prevention Choice integration populates the tool with individual patient data locally without sending protected health information between the EHR and the web. Data abstraction and secure transfer systems were developed to manage data collection to assess tool implementation and effectiveness outcomes.ResultsTime to integrate CV Prevention Choice in the EHR was 12.1 weeks for the first system, 10.4 weeks for the second, and 9.7 weeks for the third. One system required two 1‐hour meetings with study team members and two healthcare systems required a single 1‐hour meeting. Healthcare system information technology teams collaborated by sharing information and offering improvements to documentation. Challenges included tracking CV Prevention Choice use for reporting and capture of combination medications. Data abstraction required refinements to address differences in how each healthcare system captured data elements.ConclusionTargeted documentation on tool features and resource mapping supported collaboration of IT teams across healthcare systems, enabling them to integrate a web‐based SDM tool with little additional research team effort or oversight. Their collaboration helped overcome difficulties integrating the web application and address challenges to data harmonization for trial outcome analyses.
Configuration of factors influencing the performance of new retailers in the context of digital transformation—Based on the resource action perspective
Authors: Yin Fangfang , Pan Jianlin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractFrom a resource action perspective, a configuration analysis was performed on 219 cases of new retailers using fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA). The major study findings are as follows: (1) Digital transformation capacity and resource management behavior are essential conditions for high performance of new retailers. (2) Seven configurations drive high performance of new retailers. (3) Under a specific configuration, there are potential substitution relationships between digital culture and corporate reputation, “digital culture + human resources” and basic resources. Accordingly, new retailers should take measures such as establishing a three‐layer conditional combination chain to promote sustainable development.
Genetic analysis of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus patients: A study on the Iranian population
Authors: Ghasemi Saeed , Mojbafan Marzieh , Talebi Saeed , Hooman Nakysa , Hoseini Rozita 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIntroductionNephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) is a rare genetic disease that causes water imbalance. The kidneys play a crucial role in regulating body fluids by controlling water balance through urine excretion. This highlights their essential function in managing the body's water levels, but individuals with NDI may have excess urine production (polyuria), that leads to excessive thirst (polydipsia). Untreated affected individuals may exhibit poor feeding and failure to thrive. This disease is caused by mutations in the AVPR2 and the AQP2 genes which have the X‐linked and autosomal recessive/dominant inheritance, respectively. Both of these genes are expressed in the kidney.MethodsTwelve Iranian patients from 10 consanguineous families were studied in this project. DNA was extracted from the whole blood samples of the patients and their parents. All coding exons and exon‐intron boundaries of the AVPR2 and AQP2 genes were sequenced in the affected individuals, and the identified variants were investigated in the parents. All variants were analyzed according to the ACMG (American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics) guidelines.ResultsIn this study, 6 different mutations were identified in the patients, including 5 in the AQP2 gene (c.439G>A, c.538G>A, c.140C>T, c.450T>A, and the novel c.668T>C) and 1 in the AVPR2 gene (c.337C>T) in the present study.DiscussionAs expected, all the detected mutations in this study were missense. According to the ACMG guideline, the identified mutations were categorized as pathogenic or likely pathogenic. Unlike previous studies which showed more than 90% of mutations were in the AVPR2 gene, and only less than 10% of the mutations were in the AQP2 gene, it was found that more than 90% of our identified mutations located in the AQP2 gene, and only one mutation was observed in the AVPR2 gene, which seems it may be a result of the high rate of consanguineous marriages in the Iranian population. We observed genotype‐phenotype correlation in some of our affected individuals, and some of the mutations were observed in unrelated families from same ethnicity which could be suggestive of a founder mutation.
Knowledge‐driven deep learning for fast MR imaging: Undersampled MR image reconstruction from supervised to un‐supervised learning
Authors: Wang Shanshan , Wu Ruoyou , Jia Sen , Diakite Alou , Li Cheng , Liu Qiegen , Zheng Hairong , Ying Leslie 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDeep learning (DL) has emerged as a leading approach in accelerating MRI. It employs deep neural networks to extract knowledge from available datasets and then applies the trained networks to reconstruct accurate images from limited measurements. Unlike natural image restoration problems, MRI involves physics‐based imaging processes, unique data properties, and diverse imaging tasks. This domain knowledge needs to be integrated with data‐driven approaches. Our review will introduce the significant challenges faced by such knowledge‐driven DL approaches in the context of fast MRI along with several notable solutions, which include learning neural networks and addressing different imaging application scenarios. The traits and trends of these techniques have also been given which have shifted from supervised learning to semi‐supervised learning, and finally, to unsupervised learning methods. In addition, MR vendors' choices of DL reconstruction have been provided along with some discussions on open questions and future directions, which are critical for the reliable imaging systems.
A narrative synthesis of the effectiveness and acceptability of musculoskeletal first contact physiotherapy practitioner roles in primary care
Authors: Bicker Greg , Hadley‐Barrows Tina , Saunders Andrew , Mairs Hilary , Stevenson Kay 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundMusculoskeletal (MSK) First Contact Practitioners (FCP), diagnostic clinicians with expertise in the assessment and management of undifferentiated MSK conditions in primary care have been widely employed in the United Kingdom since 2020. The role aims to bring specialist clinical knowledge to patients at the first point of contact and reduce the burden on existing primary care services. Since the national adoption of the role, little has been published to support the effectiveness or acceptability of the role. This narrative synthesis review aims to highlight and summarise the current body of evidence.MethodologyAn adapted systematic review was carried out to inform thematic reporting and narrative synthesis, under the sub‐themes of clinical outcomes, patient satisfaction, acceptability and cost analysis.ResultsEight publications were included in the review, reporting improvements in clinical outcomes in patients seen by MSK FCP, patient satisfaction and general acceptability of the role. However, all data were collected from observational studies and qualitative sources, some of which were found to be of low methodological quality.ConclusionAlthough the review identified consistent positivity relating to effectiveness, satisfaction and acceptability across the reviewed publications, conclusions are limited due to the relatively recent introduction of the FCP role leading to limited availability of relevant publications.
A flow‐based ascending auction to compute buyer‐optimal Walrasian prices
Authors: Eickhoff Katharina , McCormick S. Thomas , Peis Britta , Rieken Niklas , Vargas Koch Laura 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe consider a market where a set of objects is sold to a set of buyers, each equipped with a valuation function for the objects. The goal of the auctioneer is to determine reasonable prices together with a stable allocation. One definition of “reasonable” and “stable” is a Walrasian equilibrium, which is a tuple consisting of a price vector together with an allocation satisfying the following desirable properties: (i) the allocation is market‐clearing in the sense that as much as possible is sold, and (ii) the allocation is stable in the sense that every buyer ends up with an optimal set with respect to the given prices. Moreover, “buyer‐optimal” means that the prices are smallest possible among all Walrasian prices. In this paper, we present a combinatorial network flow algorithm to compute buyer‐optimal Walrasian prices in a multi‐unit matching market with truncated additive valuation functions. The algorithm can be seen as a generalization of the classical housing market auction and mimics the very natural procedure of an ascending auction. We use our structural insights to prove monotonicity of the buyer‐optimal Walrasian prices with respect to changes in supply or demand.
Accelerated schemes of compact difference methods for space‐fractional sine‐Gordon equations with distributed delay
Authors: Sun Tao , Zhang Chengjian , Tang Changyang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this paper, for quickly solving one‐ and two‐dimensional space‐fractional sine‐Gordon equations with distributed delay, we suggest several accelerated schemes of direct compact difference (DCD) methods. For one‐dimensional (1D) problems, with a function transformation, we construct an indirect compact difference (ICD) method, which requires less calculation cost than the corresponding DCD method, and prove under the appropriate conditions that ICD method has second‐order (resp. forth‐order) calculation accuracy in time (resp. space). By extending the argument for 1D case, we further obtain an ICD method for solving two‐dimensional (2D) problems and derive the similar convergence result. For ICD and DCD methods of 2D problems, we also give their alternative direction implicit (ADI) schemes. Moreover, for the fast implementations of ICD method of 1D problems and indirect ADI method of 2D problems, we further present their acceleration strategies. Finally, with a series of numerical experiments, the findings in this paper are further confirmed.
Down‐regulation of wheat Rubisco activase isoforms expression by virus‐induced gene silencing
Authors: Perdomo Juan Alejandro , Scales Joanna C. , Lee Wing‐Sham , Kanyuka Kostya , Carmo‐Silva Elizabete 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRubisco activase (Rca) is an essential photosynthetic enzyme that removes inhibitors from the catalytic sites of the carboxylating enzyme Rubisco. In wheat, Rca is composed of one longer 46 kDa α‐isoform and two shorter 42 kDa β‐isoforms encoded by the genes TaRca1 and TaRca2. TaRca1 produces a single transcript from which a short 1β‐isoform is expressed, whereas two alternative transcripts are generated from TaRca2 directing expression of either a long 2α‐isoform or a short 2β‐isoform. The 2β isoform is similar but not identical to 1β. Here, virus‐induced gene silencing (VIGS) was used to silence the different TaRca transcripts. Abundance of the transcripts and the respective protein isoforms was then evaluated in the VIGS‐treated and control plants. Remarkably, treatment with the construct specifically targeting TaRca1 efficiently decreased expression not only of TaRca1 but also of the two alternative TaRca2 transcripts. Similarly, specific targeting of the TaRca2 transcript encoding a long isoform TaRca2α resulted in silencing of both TaRca2 alternative transcripts. The corresponding protein isoforms decreased in abundance. These findings indicate concomitant down‐regulation of TaRca1 and TaRca2 at both transcript and protein levels and may impact the feasibility of altering the relative abundance of Rca isoforms in wheat.
RPEM: Randomized Monte Carlo parametric expectation maximization algorithm
Authors: Chen Rong , Schumitzky Alan , Kryshchenko Alona , Nieforth Keith , Tomashevskiy Michael , Hu Shuhua , Garreau Romain , Otalvaro Julian , Yamada Walter , Neely Michael N. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractInspired from quantum Monte Carlo, by sampling discrete and continuous variables at the same time using the Metropolis–Hastings algorithm, we present a novel, fast, and accurate high performance Monte Carlo Parametric Expectation Maximization (MCPEM) algorithm. We named it Randomized Parametric Expectation Maximization (RPEM). We compared RPEM with NONMEM's Importance Sampling Method (IMP), Monolix's Stochastic Approximation Expectation Maximization (SAEM), and Certara's Quasi‐Random Parametric Expectation Maximization (QRPEM) for a realistic two‐compartment voriconazole model with ordinary differential equations using simulated data. We show that RPEM is as fast and as accurate as the algorithms IMP, QRPEM, and SAEM for the voriconazole model in reconstructing the population parameters, for the normal and log‐normal cases.
Photoactivated theranostic nanomaterials based on aggregation‐induced emission luminogens for cancer photoimmunotherapy
Authors: Tang Yuqi , Wang Xing , Chen Shilin , Li Quan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this study, a series of high liposoluble near‐infrared emissive aggregation‐induced emission luminogens with triphenylamine derivatives as donor units and 1‐indanone as electron acceptor units are developed. Specifically, MTTOI has promising lipid droplets targeting ability and viscosity‐response characteristics, and it can monitor the viscosity fluctuations in living cells in real time. It is found that MTTOI is able to fulfill the activation of the apoptosis‐related signaling pathways under white light, and it can also activate the ferroptosis to synergize apoptosis resulting in tumor elimination. Interestingly, the occurrence of ferroptosis is positively related to the enhancement of immunogenic cell‐death effect, thus boosting the tumor infiltration of CD8+ T cells and reducing the proportion of regulatory T cells by cooperating with dendritic cells, which can not only carry out primary antitumor treatment, but also prevent tumor metastasis through strong immunological memory effect. Moreover, in vivo experimental results confirm that MTTOI successfully effectuates fatty liver tissue imaging. MTTOI fluorescence signals can be captured at the tumor site after 3 days of administration due to its high fat‐solubility and ease of fusion with tumors. This classic example could promote the further development of phototherapeutic agents in preclinical research and clinical applications.
The square of a Hamilton cycle in randomly perturbed graphs
Authors: Böttcher Julia , Parczyk Olaf , Sgueglia Amedeo , Skokan Jozef 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe investigate the appearance of the square of a Hamilton cycle in the model of randomly perturbed graphs, which is, for a given , the union of any ‐vertex graph with minimum degree and the binomial random graph . This is known when and we determine the exact perturbed threshold probability in all the remaining cases, that is, for each . We demonstrate that, as ranges over the interval , the threshold performs a countably infinite number of ‘jumps’. Our result has implications on the perturbed threshold for two‐universality, where we also fully address all open cases.