bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Absorption performance and mechanism of volatile organic compounds by phosphonium ionic liquids with different anions
Authors: Kang Jie , Lu Shijian , Zhu Jiamei , Shi Lin , Liu Bingqian 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) seriously harms the environment and human health. The prevention and control of VOC pollution is a major challenge in the research field. Aiming at VOC pollution treatment using green solvents, the absorption of trichloromethane by synthesized tributyl(propyl)phosphonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([P4443] [Tf2N]), tributyl(propyl)phosphonium tetrafluoroborate ([P4443] [BF4]), tributyl(propyl)phosphonium trifluoroacetic acid ([P4443] [CF3COO]) and xylene by trioctyl(propyl)phosphonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([P8883] [Tf2N]) and trioctyl(propyl)phosphonium tetrafluoroborate ([P8883] [BF4]) were experimentally measured. The mechanism of trichloromethane and xylene absorption by phosphonium‐based ionic liquids (PILs) with different anions was further discussed through simulation calculation.RESULTSPILs process excellent absorption capacity, such as [P4443] [CF3COO], with static saturation absorbing capacity up to 2.843 g g−1 for trichloromethane. PILs have a certain selective absorption ability for xylene, which has the highest absorption for o‐xylene, reaching 1.462 g g−1. The absorption energy data also prove that [CF3COO]− anion preferentially interacts with trichloromethane. Combined with the most stable structures of VOCs absorbed by PILs, the results of the Mulliken charge and frontier molecular orbitals indicate that PIL anions play a major role in chlorinated alkanes, and form hydrogen bonds with them. In addition, the cation can form CH···π bond interaction with xylene.CONCLUSIONThe experimental and calculated results showed that PILs are a promising adsorbent for trichloromethane and xylene. The study provides a reference for PILs designed to deal with VOCs in the future. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Experience of treatment in critical Guillain‐Barre Syndrome case after COVID‐19 vaccination
Authors: Zhu Chunying , Wang Huan , Zhang Yingfu , Wang Wentao , Wang Jia , Li Wei 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe current study reported a case with a history of neuroradiculitis. Within 2 months of the COVID‐19 vaccine, critical Guillain‐Barre Syndrome (GBS) appeared after acute diarrhea, progressive myasthenia, and sudden respiratory and cardiac symptoms.MethodsThe syndrome was addressed with measures, such as endotracheal intubation and cardiopulmonary resuscitation vasoactive drugs. Next, we conducted six cycles of human immunoglobulin treatment (dose of 400 mg/kg·d intravenously for 5 days consecutively) and three times plasma exchange (PE, 30 ml/kg), followed by methylprednisolone sodium succinate. Rehabilitation training was carried out continuously.ResultsThe consciousness of the patient returned to normal, wherein he carried out normal communication. The muscle strength recovered gradually but still could not stand independently. Presently, he is recovering at home.ConclusionsFor patients with previous radiculitis, COVID‐19 vaccination may increase the susceptibility to GBS. Thus, it is recommended to extend the vaccination interval for these patients and ensure that any potential increased risk is continually assessed.
The domestication of the larynx: The neural crest connection
Authors: Lesch Raffaela , Fitch W. Tecumseh 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWolves howl and dogs bark, both are able to produce variants of either vocalization, but we see a distinct difference in usage between wild and domesticate. Other domesticates also show distinct changes to their vocal output: domestic cats retain meows, a distinctly subadult trait in wildcats. Such differences in acoustic output are well‐known, but the causal mechanisms remain little‐studied. Potential links between domestication and vocal output are intriguing for multiple reasons, and offer a unique opportunity to explore a prominent hypothesis in domestication research: the neural crest/domestication syndrome hypothesis. This hypothesis suggests that in the early stages of domestication, selection for tame individuals decreased neural crest cell (NCCs) proliferation and migration, which led to a downregulation of the sympathetic arousal system, and hence reduced fear and reactive aggression. NCCs are a transitory stem cell population crucial during embryonic development that tie to diverse tissue types and organ systems. One of these neural‐crest derived systems is the larynx, the main vocal source in mammals. We argue that this connection between NCCs and the larynx provides a powerful test of the predictions of the neural crest/domestication syndrome hypothesis, discriminating its predictions from those of other current hypotheses concerning domestication.
Computational structural genomics and clinical evidence suggest BCKDK gain‐of‐function may cause a potentially asymptomatic maple syrup urine disease phenotype
Authors: Singh Emily , Chi Young‐In , Kopesky Jessica , Zimmerman Michael , Urrutia Raul , Basel Donald , Schwoerer Jessica Scott 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMaple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is a disorder of branched‐chain amino acid metabolism caused by a defect in the branched‐chain α‐ketoacid dehydrogenase (BCKD) complex (OMIM #248600). The hallmark presentation is encephalopathic crisis in neonates, but can also present with metabolic decompensation, developmental delays, and feeding difficulties. Biochemical evidence for MSUD includes elevated branched‐chain amino acids (BCAA) and the pathognomonic presence of alloisoleucine. The BCKD complex contains several subunits associated with autosomal recessive MSUD, while its regulatory proteins have less well‐defined disease associations. We report on two families with the same BCKDK variant (c.1115C>G (p.Thr372Arg)). Probands were detected on newborn screening and demonstrated biochemical evidence of MSUD. The variant was identified in reportedly asymptomatic parents and additional family members who had elevated BCAA and alloisoleucine, following an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance. To better define the functional effect of the variant on the kinase, we completed molecular modeling using sequence‐based (2D), structural‐based (3D), and dynamic‐based (4D) analyses. The BCKDK variant modeling indicated a gain‐of‐function which leads to impaired BCAA catabolism consistent with the biochemical evidence in this cohort. Combining the evidence gained from molecular modeling with the absence of metabolic decompensation in our patients and several adult family members, despite encountering stressors typically problematic in classic MSUD, we suggest that heterozygous gain‐of‐function variants in BCKDK may represent a novel biochemical phenotype of MSUD with a benign clinical course.
NTRK3 exhibits a pro‐oncogenic function in upper tract urothelial carcinomas
Authors: Lim Lee‐Moay , Lee Yi‐Chen , Lin Ting‐Wei , Hong Zi‐Xuan , Hsu Wei‐Chi , Ke Hung‐Lung , Hwang Daw‐Yang , Chung Wen‐Yu , Li Wei‐Ming , Lin Hui‐Hui , Kuo Hung‐Tien , Huang A‐Mei 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNeurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase 3 (NTRK3) has pleiotropic functions: it acts not only as an oncogene in breast and gastric cancers but also as a dependence receptor in tumor suppressor genes in colon cancer and neuroblastomas. However, the role of NTRK3 in upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is not well documented. This study investigated the association between NTRK3 expression and outcomes in UTUC patients and validated the results in tests on UTUC cell lines. A total of 118 UTUC cancer tissue samples were examined to evaluate the expression of NTRK3. Survival curves were generated using Kaplan–Meier estimates, and Cox regression models were used for investigating survival outcomes. Higher NTRK3 expression was correlated with worse progression‐free survival, cancer‐specific survival, and overall survival. Moreover, the results of an Ingenuity Pathway Analysis suggested that NTRK3 may interact with the PI3K‐AKT‐mTOR signaling pathway to promote cancer. NTRK3 downregulation in BFTC909 cells through shRNA reduced cellular migration, invasion, and activity in the AKT‐mTOR pathway. Furthermore, the overexpression of NTRK3 in UM‐UC‐14 cells promoted AKT‐mTOR pathway activity, cellular migration, and cell invasion. From these observations, we concluded that NTRK3 may contribute to aggressive behaviors in UTUC by facilitating cell migration and invasion through its interaction with the AKT‐mTOR pathway and the expression of NTRK3 is a potential predictor of clinical outcomes in cases of UTUC.
Impacts of environmental and socioeconomic factors on gross ecosystem product of the Three Gorges reservoir area, China
Authors: Cheng Jing , Liu Shuangshuang , Huang Chunbo , Wang Lunche , Liu Zelin , Peng Changhui 
Published: April 2024

AbstractEnvironmental and socioeconomic drivers would alter landscapes, bringing various effects with different directions and magnitudes. Demonstrating these driving effects is key to relieving the conflicts between territorial vegetation restoration and regional economic growth. However, the relationship between ecological protection and economic development due to landscape dynamics has not been systematically demonstrated as environment is difficult to quantify by the monetary value. In this article, we explored the changes in gross ecosystem product (GEP) in the Three Gorges (TG) reservoir area and constructed a conceptual framework to explicate its driving mechanism. Our results suggested that topographic, soil, and climatic factors positively impact on GEP through their important effects on vegetation structure, distribution, and succession. Additionally, reforestation policies promote the conversion of farmland and grassland to forestland in the TG reservoir region, which was the main contributor to enhancing GEP. Conversely, socioeconomic factors negatively impact GEP, of which effects were mainly manifested by changes in the proportion of ecological land. Therefore, it is essential to maintain a suitable land use proportion in this region to optimize GEP, and we proposed a landscape restoration program to enhance four ecosystem productions. This article provides a reference for land resource allocation for environmental protection and sustainable development in ecologically fragile areas.
Grazing increases the positive feedback of legumes while decreasing the negative feedback of grass
Authors: Chang Jiechao , Xie Jiayao , Lkhagva Ariuntsetseg , Wu Honghui , Ren Haiyan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHerbivore grazing affects plant growth and community structure in grasslands. This effect could be directly through foraging and dung/urine return or indirectly through plant–soil feedbacks (PSFs). Addressing the grazing effect on the feedback of plants can explicate the causes of community changes in the grazing system. However, how grazing and PSF interact to affect plant growth remains unclear. Here, we conducted a classic PSF experiment. In the conditioning stage, two native plant species (a grass Bromus inermis and a legume Medicago sativa) were planted in the field with four simulated grazing treatments (ambient, mowing, dung/urine addition, and mowing + dung/urine addition) in a meadow grassland of northern China. In the feedback stage, B. inermis and M. sativa were planted in the soils (both unsterilized and sterilized) from each treatment in the field experiment. Plant biomass of M. sativa showed positive feedback while B. inermis showed negative feedback across all the simulated grazing treatments. Simulated grazing (mowing and dung/urine addition) increased the positive feedback of M. sativa, while decreasing the negative feedback of B. inermis. The addition of dung/urine to the soil was found to have a significantly stronger impact on plant growth feedback compared to the effect of mowing. Dung/urine addition enriches the soil with higher levels of available nitrogen and phosphorus. Our results suggested that legume plants should have positive PSFs while grass should have negative feedback, which might be amplified by grazing because of the dung/urine fertilization effect. Our study improves the understanding of PSF effects on plant growth and community change in grazed grassland.
Breakthrough Boost of Stokes Fluorescence from Er3+ in Perovskites for Flexible Temperature Sensing
Authors: Li Panpan , Zhang Yuhang , Li Desheng , Pun Edwin Yue Bun , Lin Hai 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPerovskites with ultra‐low phonon energy have excellent radiation properties, while the population distribution of its luminescent initial state needs to be facilitated to further optimize the stokes fluorescence of Er3+ under high‐energy photons excitation. Herein, UV excitability of Er3+ is remodeled by building an energy transfer channel from Sb3+ to Er3+ in Cs2NaInCl6 (CNIC) microcrystal to realize the enhancement of stokes fluorescence of Er3+. Under UV excitation, the breakthrough boost of Er3+ is observed in Cs2NaInCl6:Sb3+‐Er3+ (CNIC:Sb‐Er), and the sensitization coefficient from Sb3+ to Er3+ in CNIC is derived to be as high as 112. Moreover, CNIC:Sb‐Er is embedded into functional fibers to enhance the crystal stability and the composite flexibility, which form fluorescence fibers with strong radiation transition probability. Finally, a high‐precision temperature sensing is achieved based on FIR (fluorescence intensity ratios) technology, and the maximum relative sensitivities of CNIC:Sb‐Er phosphors and CNIC:Sb‐Er/PAN fibers reach 1.13 and 1.10% K−1, respectively, indicating that CNIC:Sb‐Er and CNIC:Sb‐Er/PAN fibers have potential applications in optical temperature sensors.
Evaluation Study of Ammonium Removal from Groundwater by Electrodialysis: Case Study of Real Groundwater from the City of Kenitra in Morocco
Authors: Hazra Mohamed , Ouzbair Mohamed , Maolida Ibrahim , Elrhaouat Omar , Tahaikt Mustapha , Elmidaoui Azzedine , Taky Mohamed , Belhamidi Sakina 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this work, we investigated the feasibility of ammonium removal by electrodialysis (ED), a well‐known electro‐membrane process, based on the selective migration of anions and cations through anion exchange membranes (AEMs) and cation exchange membranes (CEMs). ED experiments are performed using a laboratory pilot. The ion exchange membranes (IEMs) pair used is AXE/CMX, AXE as an AEMs and CMX as a CEMs. The first tests are performed with real groundwater solutions from Kenitra city (Morocco), spiked with an initial concentration of 3 mg/L NH4Cl. The results gave a specific demineralization (SD) to NH4+ ions of 84.60 %; for a demineralization rate (DR) of 80 % and a time of 60 min. The multivariate principal component analysis (PCA) presents a total inertia of 99.23 %, the majority of the variables of which are positively correlated on the C1 axis with a variance of 95.5 % than that of C2 of 3.78 %. The quality of the diluted water determined by the Legrand‐Poirier method showed that the water was aggressive and that the addition of 4.54 mg/L Ca2+ was necessary to balance the water and make it fit for human consumption.
Effect of slit size on low‐velocity impact behavior of composite laminates with regularly arrayed chopped strands: Experimental and numerical analysis
Authors: Huang Yinyuan , Yang Haotian , Wang Bowen , Hu Junfeng , Lu Wenlong , Li Minglong , Zhao Jianping 
Published: April 2024

AbstractShort fiber reinforced polymers (SFRP) based on unidirectionally arrayed chopped strands (UACS) offer exceptional formability and great mechanical properties. To ensure its stability and safety in applications, it is crucial to enhance the impact performance of UACS laminates. This study investigated the low‐velocity impact (LVI) responses and damage evolution of UACS laminates with different slit sizes and continuous carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) laminates under various impact energies (4, 7, and 11 J). The curves of force and energy were recorded during LVI tests, and the post‐impact damage area was detected by the ultrasonic C‐scan technique. Moreover, a user‐defined subroutine VUMAT, containing a progressive damage model and a Johnson‐Cook constitutive model, was written to mimic the damage evolution. Based on experiments and numerical prediction, it was found that when the size was reduced from 25 to 5 mm, the vertical slits had the effect of suppressing delamination and could restrain the propagation of delamination, which explains the distinct difference in delamination area.Highlights
The effect of slit size on the impact behavior of UACS laminate was revealed.
The damage mechanism was simulated with a progressive damage model.
The novel UACS laminate exhibits excellent energy absorption capacity.
The resistance of the slits greatly suppresses the delamination behavior.
Optimized machine learning with hyperparameter tuning and response surface methodology for predicting tribological performance in bio‐composite materials
Authors: Sengottaiyan Saravanakumar , Subbarayan Sathiyamurthy , Viswanathan Vinoth , Pugazhendi Pathmanaban 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the influence of NaOH treatment on tribological behavior in hybrid fiber‐reinforced composites, specifically employing Banana fiber with Al2O3 filler in an epoxy matrix. Through design of experiments (DOE), disc speed, wear duration, and NaOH treatment are analyzed for specific wear rate (SWR) and coefficient of friction (COF). To advance the understanding of wear characteristics, the study leverages advanced machine learning, using Python‐powered artificial neural networks (ANN), is integrated with innovative ANN hyperparameter optimization. Optimized parameters (1050 rpm, 60 s, 5% treatment) significantly minimize SWR (12.38 × 10−5 mm3/Nm) and COF (0.2). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis reveals improved interfacial adhesion and identifies micro‐cracks as the primary wear mechanism. This work contributes to a profound understanding of wear in hybrid composites, offering a fine‐tuned predictive model for optimizing tribological behavior and advancing material science and engineering.Highlights
Reduced SWR, COF in composites via NaOH optimization.
DOE: Explored disc speed, duration, NaOH impact.
Advanced machine learning techniques enhanced wear prediction.
Innovative: ANN hyperparameter optimization.
Optimal Parameters: 1050 rpm, 60 s, 5% treatment.
Numerical study on the heat effect on the drilling damage of Ti/CFRP stacks
Authors: Chen Chen , Zhao Qing , Wang Aixu , Shi Zhanli , Bai Yu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCarbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) has strong sensitivity to temperature, as the stacking sequence is titanium alloy (Ti) to CFRP, the damage of CFRP is more severe due to the accumulation of cutting heat. In this study, a stress‐strain constitutive model of CFRP with the effect of thermal stress is proposed. On the basis, a simulation model of drilling Ti/CFRP stacks is established to explore the heat effect on the drilling damage. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the burr of Ti at hole exit is generally low due to the support of CFRP, and the burr height increases by 56.61% as the temperature rises from 182.02 to 355.69 °C. Besides, the intralaminar damage of CFRP is mainly caused by the fiber tensile failure and matrix tensile failure, and the matrix tensile failure is more affected by temperature. Moreover, delamination of CFRP decreases slightly with the reduce of drilling temperature. In addition, serious damage of CFRP on the hole wall usually occurs within the cutting angle of 90° to 135°, and pit defects can be reduced in a lower drilling temperature.Highlights
A thermal effect stress‐strain constitutive model of CFRP is proposed.
Ti/CFRP drilling model is developed based on the proposed constitutive model.
Fiber and matrix tensile failure are main form of intralaminar damage of CFRP.
Matrix tensile failure is more sensitive to temperature.
Surface functionalization of naturally occurring silicate minerals infused hydrocarbon polymer matrix for ultra‐low dielectric performance at high frequency domain
Authors: Islam Md Zahidul , Deb Hridam , Hasan Md Khalid , Rony Mahade Hasan , Dong Yubing , Fu Yaqin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe expanding realm of high‐frequency electronics necessitates materials with exceptional attributes: notably, a low dielectric constant (Dk) to minimize signal propagation delays, high thermal conductivity for effective heat dissipation, higher breakdown strength, and robust mechanical properties to withstand demanding operational environments. While cycloolefin copolymers (COC) excel in electrical insulation, chemical resistance, and mechanical durability, their intrinsic slightly higher dielectric constant compared to other polymers, along with challenges such as poor dispersibility and low compatibility with nanoparticles, hinder their full potential in this domain. Considering these drawbacks, this study fabricated a series of COC/mica composites by integrating natural mica particles into the COC matrix via a CTAB‐assisted surface modification of mica to enhance dispersibility and mitigating particle aggregation through in‐situ mixing and hot‐press methods. The resultant composites demonstrate an outstanding ultra‐low Dk of 1.44, marking a significant decrease of over 36% compared to pristine COC with a Dk of 2.26, along with exceptionally low dielectric loss (δ) of 0.00013 at the frequency of 10 GHz, high dielectric breakdown strength ~49.40 kV/mm and enhanced thermal conductivity up to 0.88 W/(m K) at 40% mica loading. Additionally, the composites heightened mechanical performances like tensile strength 69 MPa at 6.5% elongation at break, impact strength up to ~17.9 kJ × m−2, and exceptional water resistance with absorption below 0.097%. These exceptional ultra‐low dielectric performance with above mentioned properties can meet the stringent requirements of modern high‐frequency electronics packaging for next generation electronics development.Highlights
Surface modification by CTAB enhanced homogeneous dispersibility of composites.
Achieved ultra‐low dielectric constant and loss compared to pure COC.
Thermal conductivity improved significantly with incorporation of mica.
Unlocking high‐frequency applications potential with ultralow Dk performance.
Polyvinyl pyrrolidone mediated exfoliation of transition metal dichalcogenides: Comparative evaluation of exfoliated MoS2 and WS2 in epoxy toughening
Authors: Venu Gopika , Jayan Jitha S. , Joseph Kuruvilla , Saritha Appukuttan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract2D materials are considered as an effective choice for the toughening of epoxy composites and enhancing their mechanical properties. Among the 2D materials, transition metal dichalcogenides, especially MoS2 and WS2, are getting wider attention due to their behavior analogous to graphene. The restacking and agglomeration tendency of TMDs due to weak Vander Waal's forces limits their application in epoxy toughening. To overcome the agglomeration issues, we are proposing a new approach for TMD exfoliation using Polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP); followed by its incorporation into the epoxy matrix. The exfoliation of TMDs using PVP is characterized by various techniques like FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, XRD analysis, and so forth. The enhanced mechanical properties of PVP exfoliated MoS2 and WS2 at a very low loading of 0.1 wt% are remarkable. The highly exfoliated WS2 showcases higher toughness than MoS2, with a 614% improvement in toughness and 43.5% improvement in tensile strength, respectively. The improvement in mechanical properties of these nanocomposites can be attributed to the good dispersion of PVP‐exfoliated TMDs in the epoxy matrix.Highlights
Highlights the role of Polyvinyl pyrrolidone in exfoliating TMDs.
The exfoliation efficiency of PVP is compared for MoS2 and WS2.
The utilization of PVP exfoliated MoS2 and WS2 in epoxy toughening is portrayed.
The effectiveness of epoxy composites in aerospace and coating applications is revealed.