bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advanced Magnetocaloric Materials for Energy Conversion: Recent Progress, Opportunities, and Perspective
Authors: Zhang Fengqi , Miao Xuefei , van Dijk Niels , Brück Ekkes , Ren Yang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSolid‐state caloric effects as intrinsic thermal responses to different physical external stimuli (magnetic‐, uniaxial stress‐, pressure‐, and electric‐fields) can achieve a higher energy efficiency compared with traditional gas compression techniques. Among these effects, magnetocaloric energy conversion is regarded as the best available alternative and has been exploited extensively for promising application scenarios in the last decades. This review systematically introduces the magnetocaloric effect and its applications, and summarizes the corresponding representative magnetocaloric materials, as well as important progress in recent years. Specifically, the review focuses on some key understandings of the magnetocaloric effect by utilizing state‐of‐the‐art technical tools such as synchrotron X‐ray, neutron scattering, muon spin spectroscopy, positron annihilation spectroscopy, high magnetic fields, etc., and highlights their importance toward advanced materials design and development. An overview of the basic principles and applications of these advanced techniques on magnetocaloric materials is provided. Finally, the challenges and perspectives on further developments in this field are discussed. Further in‐depth understanding and manufacturing technology advancement combined with fast‐developed artificial intelligence and machine learning are expected to advance the magnetocaloric energy conversion technology closer to real applications.
World Health Organization and International Consensus Classification of eosinophilic disorders: 2024 update on diagnosis, risk stratification, and management
Authors: Shomali William , Gotlib Jason 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDisease OverviewThe eosinophilias encompass a broad range of non‐hematologic (secondary or reactive) and hematologic (primary or clonal) disorders with the potential for end‐organ damage.DiagnosisHypereosinophilia (HE) has generally been defined as a peripheral blood eosinophil count greater than 1.5 × 109/L, and may be associated with tissue damage. After the exclusion of secondary causes of eosinophilia, diagnostic evaluation of primary eosinophilias relies on a combination of various tests. They include morphologic review of the blood and marrow, standard cytogenetics, fluorescence in situ hybridization, molecular testing and flow immunophenotyping to detect histopathologic or clonal evidence for an acute or chronic hematolymphoid neoplasm.Risk StratificationDisease prognosis relies on identifying the subtype of eosinophilia. After evaluation of secondary causes of eosinophilia, the 2022 World Health Organization and International Consensus Classification endorse a semi‐molecular classification scheme of disease subtypes. This includes the major category “myeloid/lymphoid neoplasms with eosinophilia and tyrosine kinase gene fusions” (MLN‐eo‐TK), and the MPN subtype, “chronic eosinophilic leukemia” (CEL). Lymphocyte‐variant HE is an aberrant T‐cell clone‐driven reactive eosinophila, and idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) is a diagnosis of exclusion.Risk‐Adapted TherapyThe goal of therapy is to mitigate eosinophil‐mediated organ damage. For patients with milder forms of eosinophilia (e.g., <1.5 × 109/L) without symptoms or signs of organ involvement, a watch and wait approach with close follow‐up may be undertaken. Identification of rearranged PDGFRA or PDGFRB is critical because of the exquisite responsiveness of these diseases to imatinib. Pemigatinib was recently approved for patients with relapsed or refractory FGFR1‐rearranged neoplasms. Corticosteroids are first‐line therapy for patients with lymphocyte‐variant HE and HES. Hydroxyurea and interferon‐α have demonstrated efficacy as initial treatment and in steroid‐refractory cases of HES. Mepolizumab, an interleukin‐5 (IL‐5) antagonist monoclonal antibody, is approved by the U.S Food and Drug Administration for patients with idiopathic HES. Cytotoxic chemotherapy agents, and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation have been used for aggressive forms of HES and CEL, with outcomes reported for limited numbers of patients. Targeted therapies such as the IL‐5 receptor antibody benralizumab, IL‐5 monoclonal antibody depemokimab, and various tyrosine kinase inhibitors for MLN‐eo‐TK, are under active investigation.
Association between adherence to 24‐h movement guidelines and sociodemographic factors among Malaysian preschoolers: Findings from SEANUTS II Malaysia
Authors: Joan Christine , Koh Denise , Wong Jyh Eiin , Khouw Ilse , Poh Bee Koon ,   the SEANUTS II Malaysia Study Group
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundAdhering to 24‐h movement guidelines (24‐hMG) have health benefits for young children; yet research on Malaysian preschoolers' movement behaviors is limited. This study investigates the association between adherence to 24‐hMG and sociodemographic factors of Malaysian preschoolers.MethodsData from 939 preschoolers aged 3–6 years (mean age = 4.83 ± 0.04 years, 53.7% boys) from the Second South East Asian Nutrition Surveys (SEANUTS II) Malaysia study was analyzed. Socio‐demography, physical activity, sedentary behaviors, and sleep were parent‐reported via questionnaire. Associations between adherence of 24‐hMG and sociodemographic factors were analyzed using complex samples logistic regression.ResultsOnly 12.1% of preschoolers adhered to the overall 24‐hMG, and 67.1%, 54.7%, and 42.7% of preschoolers adhered to physical activity, sleep, and sedentary behavior guidelines, respectively; while 6.8% did not meet any guidelines. Compared to 3–4‐year olds, preschoolers aged 5–6 years had higher odds of adhering to physical activity guidelines, sedentary behavior guidelines, and overall 24‐hMG, but lower odds of adhering to sleep guidelines. Chinese and Indian preschoolers were more likely to adhere to sedentary behavior guidelines than Malay preschoolers; however, Chinese preschoolers had lower odds of adhering to physical activity guidelines. Paternal tertiary education was associated with a higher likelihood of adherence to sleep guidelines.ConclusionOur findings suggest that adherence to 24‐hMG among Malaysian preschoolers is associated with age, ethnicity, and paternal education level. This underscores the importance of targeted interventions and health awareness program to promote healthy movement behaviors, particularly among children under 5, ethnic minorities, and educationally disadvantaged families.
Novel biallelic ZNF335 variant causing primary microcephaly: A case report and radiological review
Authors: Patel Dhrumil Deveshkumar , Gripp Karen W. , Wadman Erin , Mishra Ishita , Kandula Vinay 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBiallelic pathogenic variants in ZNF335 are one of the genetic causes of microcephaly, reported only in the past decade. It regulates neural progenitor proliferation and neurogenesis by interacting with a H3K4 methyltransferase complex. Biallelic pathogenic ZNF335 variants predispose to neuronal cell death and aberrant differentiation, thus causing secondary microcephaly. These neurodevelopmental anomalies lead to imaging findings in the cortex, posterior fossa, and basal ganglia. We report an individual of Nepalese ancestry with a novel homozygous ZNF335 variant (c.3591 + 2dup) (p.?) (NM_022095.3) which on further RNA analysis confirmed a splice site variant in intron 23. The patient presented with primary microcephaly with atrophic cerebral hemispheres, oversimplification of gyri, basal ganglia, and corpus callosal atrophy. Literature review on the topic revealed a spectrum of brain abnormalities, which can present either with a primary or secondary microcephaly depending upon the underlying genetic variant.
Associations between polygenic liability to psychopathology and non‐suicidal versus suicidal self‐injury
Authors: Edwards Alexis C. , Singh Madhurbain , Peterson Roseann E. , Webb Bradley T. , Gentry Amanda E. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractLittle is known about how non‐suicidal and suicidal self‐injury are differentially genetically related to psychopathology and related measures. This research was conducted using the UK Biobank Resource, in participants of European ancestry (N = 2320 non‐suicidal self‐injury [NSSI] only; N = 2648 suicide attempt; 69.18% female). We compared polygenic scores (PGS) for psychopathology and other relevant measures within self‐injuring individuals. Logistic regressions and likelihood ratio tests (LRT) were used to identify PGS that were differentially associated with these outcomes. In a multivariable model, PGS for anorexia nervosa (odds ratio [OR] = 1.07; 95% confidence intervals [CI] 1.01; 1.15) and suicidal behavior (OR = 1.06; 95% CI 1.00; 1.12) both differentiated between NSSI and suicide attempt, while the PGS for other phenotypes did not. The LRT between the multivariable and base models was significant (Chi square = 11.38, df = 2, p = 0.003), and the multivariable model explained a larger proportion of variance (Nagelkerke's pseudo‐R2 = 0.028 vs. 0.025). While NSSI and suicidal behavior are similarly genetically related to a range of mental health and related outcomes, genetic liability to anorexia nervosa and suicidal behavior is higher among those reporting a suicide attempt than those reporting NSSI‐only. Further elucidation of these distinctions is necessary, which will require a nuanced assessment of suicidal versus non‐suicidal self‐injury in large samples.
Monitoring ROS Responsive Fe3O4‐based Nanoparticle Mediated Ferroptosis and Immunotherapy via 129Xe MRI
Authors: Zhang Lei , Qiu Maosong , Wang Ruifang , Li Sha , Liu Xiaoxun , Xu Qiuyi , Xiao Long , Jiang Zhong‐Xing , Zhou Xin , Chen Shizhen 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe immune checkpoint blockade strategy has improved the survival rate of late‐stage lung cancer patients. However, the low immune response rate limits the immunotherapy efficiency. Here, we report a ROS‐responsive Fe3O4‐based nanoparticle that undergoes charge reversal and disassembly in the tumor microenvironment, enhancing the uptake of Fe3O4 by tumor cells and triggering a more severe ferroptosis. In the tumor microenvironment, the nanoparticle rapidly disassembles and releases the loaded GOx and the immune‐activating peptide Tuftsin under overexpressed H2O2. GOx can consume the glucose of tumor cells and generate more H2O2, promoting the disassembly of the nanoparticle and drug release, thereby enhancing the therapeutic effect of ferroptosis. Combined with Tuftsin, it can more effectively reverse the immune‐suppressive microenvironment and promote the recruitment of effector T cells in tumor tissues. Ultimately, in combination with α‐PD‐L1, there is significant inhibition of the growth of lung metastases. Additionally, the hyperpolarized 129Xe method has been used to evaluate the Fe3O4 nanoparticle‐mediated immunotherapy, where the ventilation defects in lung metastases have been significantly improved with complete lung structure and function recovered. The ferroptosis‐enhanced immunotherapy combined with non‐radiation evaluation methodology paves a new way for designing novel theranostic agents for cancer therapy.
Aqueous Coordination‐Insertion Copolymerization for Producing High Molecular Weight Polar Polyolefins
Authors: Liu Yu , Wang Chaoqun , Mu Hongliang , Jian Zhongbao 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHydrocarbons, when used as the medium for transition metal catalyzed organic reactions and olefin (co‐)polymerization, are ubiquitous. Environmentally friendly water is highly attractive and long‐sought, but is greatly challenging as coordination‐insertion copolymerization reaction medium of olefin and polar monomers. Unfavorable interactions from both water and polar monomer usually lead to either catalyst deactivation or the formation of low‐molecular‐weight polymers. Herein, we develop well‐behaved neutral phosphinophenolato nickel catalysts, which enable aqueous copolymerization of ethylene and diverse polar monomers to produce significantly high‐molecular‐weight linear polar polyolefins (219–549 kDa, 0.13–1.29 mol %) in a single‐component fashion under mild conditions for the first time. These copolymerization reactions occur better in water than in hydrocarbons such as toluene. The dual characteristics of high molecular weight and the incorporation of a small amount of functional group result in improved surface properties while retain the desirable intrinsic properties of high‐density polyethylene (HDPE).
Developing a liquid capture chip to accelerate the genetic progress of cattle
Authors: Chen Yan , Guo Yingwei , Ge Fei , Gao Han , Zhou Jinghang , Wu Xiaonv , Qian Changsong , Wang Zhiquan , Wang Zezhao , Zhu Bo , Xu Lingyang , Gao Xue , Zhang Lupei , Gao Huijiang , Li Junya 
Published: March 2024

AbstractLarge‐scale genotyping at a low cost is crucial for molecular breeding of livestock. In this study, the Cattle110K capture chip was developed, based on the genotyping by target sequencing system. The chip panel included 112,180 single necleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), from potential functional regions screened by genome‐wide associated study, BayesB, expression quantitative trait loci‐mapping, ATAC‐seq, and reported functional markers. All the SNPs on the panel were distributed evenly on the cattle genome, with more than 99% of the markers having a minor allele frequency greater than 0.05. Assessment results indicated that a total of 1.2 M high‐quality SNPs were identified in the 110 K regions, averaging approximately 10 SNPs per target sequence. The genotype consistency for the repetitive samples using the Cattle110K liquid chip was 99.21% while the concordance between the Illumina BovineHD BeadChip and this chip averaged 98.17%. A significant association signal for slaughter weight and carcass length was identified on 37.3–41.5 Mb of chromosome 6, pinpointing the NCAPG‐LCORL locus. This locus has previously been associated with meat and carcass traits in cattle. Additionally, novel candidate regions were identified around 3.4 Mb of chromosome 13 and 73.5 Mb of chromosome 8, significantly correlated with hip height and marbling score, respectively. We compared the accuracy of genomic estimated breeding values between the Illumina BovineHD BeadChip and this chip. The results demonstrated that the Cattle110K capture chip had a comparable ability in genomic prediction to the Illumina BovineHD BeadChip. Advances in using the cost‐effective liquid capture chip are expected to accelerate the genetic progress of cattle in the coming years.
Mechanofluorochromic behaviors and data security protection properties of salicylaldimine‐based difluoroboron complexes with different aryl substituents
Authors: Qian Han , Tian Jiazhuang , Jiang Xiaozhou , Zhang Bangcui , Li Xueliang , Yang Yanhua , Gao Shulin , Shao Lin , Li Fumin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTo further explore the relationship between aryl substituents and mechanofluorochromic (MFC) behaviors, four salicylaldimine‐based difluoroboron complexes (ts‐Ph BF2, ts‐Ph‐NA BF2, ts‐2NA BF2, and ts‐triphenylamine [TPA] BF2), including aromatic substituents with different steric hindrance effects, were designed and successfully synthesized. Four complexes with twisted molecular conformation displayed intramolecular charge transfer and aggregation‐induced emission properties. Under external mechanical stimuli, the as‐synthesized powders of ts‐Ph BF2, ts‐Ph‐NA BF2, and ts‐TPA BF2 exhibited redshift fluorescence emission behaviors, and ts‐Ph BF2 and ts‐TPA BF2 could be recovered to original shifts by fuming, but ts‐Ph‐NA BF2 displayed irreversible switching. ts‐2NA BF2 had no change during the grinding and fuming processes. The results indicated that the MFC behaviors could be attributed to the phase transformation between the well‐defined crystalline and disordered amorphous states by X‐ray diffraction measurement. Further research illustrated that ts‐TPA BF2 with the most significant MFC phenomenon could be applied in data security protection in ink‐free rewritable paper.
Olanzapine‐induced weight gain and lipid dysfunction in mice between different gender
Authors: Zhu Tong , Zhao Hongxia , Chao Yufan , Gao Songyan , Dong Xin , Wang Zuowei 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAs one of the most common antipsychotics, olanzapine may cause metabolic‐related adverse effects, but it is still unknown how olanzapine alters lipid metabolism. In this study, we found that olanzapine‐treated mice showed varying degrees of dyslipidemia, which was particularly pronounced in female mice. Based on ultra‐performance liquid chromatography–quadrupole time‐of‐flight–MS (UPLC–Q‐TOF–MS) technology and lipid metabolomics, we mapped the changes in lipid metabolism in olanzapine‐treated mice and then compared the changes in lipid metabolism between male and female mice. There were 98 metabolic differentiators between the olanzapine‐treated and control groups in females and 79 in males. These metabolites were glycerolipids, glycerophospholipids, fatty amides, and sphingolipids, which are involved in glycerolipid metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, and fatty acid metabolism. These results suggest that olanzapine‐induced changes in the levels of lipid metabolites are closely associated with disturbances in lipid metabolic pathways, which may underlie lipemia. This lipidome profiling study not only visualizes changes in lipid metabolism in liver tissue but also provides a foundation for understanding the regulatory pathways and mechanisms involved in olanzapine‐induced lipid metabolism disorders. Furthermore, this study demonstrates differences in lipid metabolism between males and females, providing a reference for clinical treatment regimen selection.
Standardized uptake valuemax of the primary lesion combined with tumor markers for clinically predicting distant metastasis in de novo lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Jin Baoli , Wen Xiaolian , Tian Hanji , Guo Hongxia , Hao Mingyan , Wu Jing , Li Xiaomin , Ren Yuejun , Wang Xin , Ren Xiaolu 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundTo examine standardized uptake valuemax of the primary lesion (pSUVmax) and tumor markers (TMs) for clinically predicting distant metastasis in novo lung adenocarcinoma.MethodsThe current retrospective observational study examined individuals diagnosed with de novo lung adenocarcinoma at Shanxi Cancer Hospital between February 2015 and December 2019.ResultsTotally, 532 de novo lung adenocarcinoma cases were included. They were aged 60.8 ± 9.7 years and comprised 224 women and 268 patients with distant metastasis. The areas under the curves (AUCs) of pSUVmax, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cytokeratin‐19 fragment (CYFRA21‐1), carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125), and Grade of TMs for predicting distant metastasis were 0.742, 0.601, 0.671, 0.700, 0.736, and 0.745, respectively. The combination of pSUVmax, LDH, CEA, CYFRA21‐1, CA125, and grade of TMs in predicting distant metastasis had an AUC value of 0.816 (95%CI: 0.781–0.851), with sensitivity of 89.2%, specificity of 58.7%, positive predictive value of 73.7%, and negative predictive value of 79.7%, respectively.ConclusionspSUVmax combined with serum levels of LDH, CEA, CYFRA21‐1, CA125, and the grade of TMs may have good performance in predicting distant metastasis of de novo lung adenocarcinoma.
Patterns of follow‐up care in adult blood cancer survivors—Prospective evaluation of health‐related outcomes, resource use, and quality of life
Authors: Lax Hildegard , Baum Julia , Lehmann Nils , Merkel‐Jens Anja , Beelen Dietrich W. , Jöckel Karl‐Heinz , Dührsen Ulrich 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundInformation about follow‐up care in blood cancer survivors is limited. The questionnaire‐based “Aftercare in Blood Cancer Survivors” (ABC) study aimed to identify patterns of follow‐up care in Germany and compare different types of follow‐up institutions.MethodsThe study's 18‐month prospective part compared the follow‐up institutions identified in the preceding retrospective part (academic oncologists, community oncologists, primary care physicians). The questionnaires were completed by the follow‐up physicians.ResultsOf 1070 physicians named by 1479 blood‐cancer survivors, 478 (44.7%) consented to participate. For provision of care, most oncologists relied on published guidelines, while most primary care physicians depended on information from other physicians. Survivors with a history of allogeneic transplantation or indolent lymphoma were mainly seen by academic oncologists, whereas survivors with monoclonal gammopathy, multiple myeloma, or myeloproliferative disorders were often seen by community oncologists, and survivors with a history of aggressive lymphoma or acute leukemia by primary care physicians. Detection of relapse and secondary diseases was consistently viewed as the most important follow‐up goal. Follow‐up visits were most extensively documented by academic oncologists (574 of 1045 survivors cared for, 54.9%), followed by community oncologists (90/231, 39.0%) and primary care physicians (51/203, 25.1%). Relapse and secondary disease detection rates and the patients' quality of life were similar at the three institutions. Laboratory tests were most often ordered by academic oncologists, and imaging by primary care physicians. Psychosocial issues and preventive care were more often addressed by primary care physicians than by oncologists.ConclusionsPatients at high risk of relapse or late complications were preferentially treated by academic oncologists, while patients in stable condition requiring continuous monitoring were also seen by community oncologists, and patients with curable diseases in long‐term remission by primary care physicians. For the latter, transfer of follow‐up care from oncologists to well‐informed primary care providers appears feasible.
Assessing EGFR‐mutated NSCLC with bone metastasis: Clinical features and optimal treatment strategy
Authors: Chen Wei‐Chun , Cheng Wen‐Chien , Chen Chieh‐Lung , Liao Wei‐Chih , Chen Chia‐Hung , Chen Hung‐Jen , Tu Chih‐Yen , Lin Chi‐Chen , Hsia Te‐Chun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to examine the clinical characteristics of bone metastasis (BoM) in patients with non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who have an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation and to identify the most effective treatment strategy using EGFR–tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs).MethodsThe study included patients with stage IV EGFR‐mutated NSCLC who were receiving first‐line treatment with EGFR–TKIs between January 2014 and December 2020. These patients were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of BoM at the time of initial diagnosis. The BoM group was further subdivided based on whether they received denosumab or not.ResultsThe final analysis included 247 patients. Those with BoM at initial diagnosis had shorter progression‐free survival (12.6 vs. 10.5 months, p = 0.002) and overall survival (OS) (49.7 vs. 30.9 months, p = 0.002) compared to those without BoM. There was a difference in the location of metastatic sites between the two groups, with a higher incidence of extrathoracic metastasis in the BoM group (p < 0.001). The incidence of T790M was higher in patients with BoM than in those without (47.4% vs. 33.9%, p = 0.042). Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that sequential osimertinib treatment and the addition of antiangiogenic therapy (AAT) and denosumab therapy improved OS in patients with BoM.ConclusionsThe presence of BoM is a negative prognostic factor for NSCLC patients with an EGFR mutation, possibly due to the presence of extrathoracic metastases. However, adding AAT and denosumab, along with sequential osimertinib, to the treatment regimen for patients with BoM can improve survival outcomes.