bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE TOUCH OF HUMILITY: AN INVITATION TO CREATURELINESS
Authors: WIRZBA NORMAN 
Published: March 2008

AbstractHumility has been much maligned and misunderstood in recent thought. An authentic sense of humility, however, is borne out of a deep appreciation for human creatureliness, and is concretely worked out in the grateful acceptance of our interdependent need. The phenomenological studies of Jean‐Louis Chrétien, particularly his analyses of touch and the “call‐response” structure to human life, are enlisted to show our true life as lived in humble reception and responsible engagement with the gifts of God. Far from being a debasement of humanity, humility—which finds its practical patterns in the divine life—is the core of our identity and vocation.
Clinicopathologic profile of normocomplementemic and hypocomplementemic urticarial vasculitis: a study from South India
Authors: Dincy CVP , George R , Jacob M , Mathai E , Pulimood S , Eapen EP 
Published: March 2008

AbstractBackground This study aims to study the clinical and histopathological characteristics of hypocomplementemic and normocomplementemic urticarial vasculitis (HUVS and NUV) among dermatology clinic attendees in a tertiary care hospital in South India.Patients and methods A prospective study was conducted in the dermatology department from February 2003 to May 2004.Seventy‐five patients met the inclusion criteria for UV. Sixty‐eight patients in whom complement levels were available were classified into either NUV or HUVS groups. Clinical features, laboratory parameters and histological features were compared, and the significance of differences was established using Pearson's Chi‐squared test.Results There was a female preponderance among patients with HUVS. Wheals > 24 h were seen in 90% of patients, and in 54.4% of patients, the wheals were partially blanching or non‐blanching. Angioedema was more prevalent in patients with NUV than HUVS (44.4% vs. 21.4%). Systemic involvement was seen in 64.3% of patients with HUVS and 44.4% of patients with NUV. Fever, ANA positivity and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were significantly associated with HUVS. In most cases of UV, a provoking factor could not be identified. Neutrophilic small vessel vasculitis was seen in 42.9% of patients with HUVS and 16.6% patients with NUV. Direct immunofluorescence test showing immunoreactants at the dermo‐epidermal junction were present in 60% of patients with HUVS and 33.3% patients with NUV.Conclusion The clinical features of Indian patients with UV were similar to those reported from the West. Fever, ANA positivity and SLE were significantly associated with HUVS.
Quality of life in patients with facial steroid dermatitis before and after treatment
Authors: Liu Z‐H , Du X‐H 
Published: March 2008

AbstractBackground  Improper long‐term, even low‐dose, topical corticosteroids, especially application to the face, could induce steroid dermatitis, which was refractory and detrimental to the quality of life.Objective  To evaluate the quality of life in patients with facial steroid dermatitis before and after the treatment of doxycycline and indomethacin plus support therapy.Study design  A prospective study.Setting  Outpatients of the Department of dermatology, the Third Hospital of Hangzhou, from August 2, 2004, to April 20, 2005.Subjects  Fifty consecutive outpatients completed the treatment.Intervention  The intervention is doxycycline 10 mg twice a day and indomethacin 25 mg twice a day for 4 weeks, cetirizine or loratadine 10 mg daily if pruritic, topical white petroleum if feeling dry and wet dressing if burning and oedema, plus psychological support and health education.Main outcome measure  The efficacy of the treatment was quantified using a 24‐point steroid clinical score. The detriment of the quality of life was quantified using a 30‐point Dermatology Life Quality Index.Results  The steroid dermatitis clinical score decreased significantly from 15.06 ± 4.61 at baseline to 4.52 ± 3.39 at 2 weeks after the end of treatment (week 6; P < 0.001). Twenty‐one patients underwent a rebound phenomenon and the steroid dermatitis clinical score increased significantly from 13.71 ± 4.33 at baseline (week 0) to 19.24 ± 3.40 at 1 week after treatment (week 1; P < 0.001). Quality of life score decreased significantly from 13.76 ± 7.68 at baseline to 3.44 ± 2.57 at 2 weeks after the end of treatment (week 6; P < 0.001).Conclusions  The quality of life was profoundly affected by facial steroid dermatitis. Doxycycline and indomethacin plus support therapy might be effective in patients with facial steroid dermatitis.
Promoting child and adolescent mental health in the context of the HIV/AIDS pandemic with a focus on sub‐Saharan Africa
Authors: Earls Felton , Raviola Giuseppe J. , Carlson Mary 
Published: March 2008

Background:  The pandemic of HIV/AIDS is actually a composite of many regional and national‐level epidemics. The progress made in many parts of the developed and developing world is tempered by the continued devastating consequences of HIV infection in sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA). This review focuses on the ways in which children and adolescents are impacted by the epidemic, giving particular attention to their mental health.Methods:  A health promotion framework is adopted to guide analysis. Three issues are covered: prevention of HIV infection, care and treatment of children infected with HIV, and care of children whose caregivers are ill or have died of AIDS. Existing reviews and literature search engines were used to review the scientific literature, focusing on the past five years.Results:  Preventive interventions continue to manifest limited benefits in behavioral changes. More complex causal models and improved behavioral measures are needed. In the African context, the time has come to view pediatric AIDS as a chronic disease in which the mental health of caregivers and children influences important aspects of disease prevention and management. Increasingly sophisticated studies support earlier findings that social and psychological functioning, educational achievement and economic well‐being of children who lose parents to AIDS are worse than that of other children.Conclusions:  Important changes are taking place in SSA in increased access to HIV testing and antiretroviral therapies. To be effective in promoting mental health of children and adolescents, interventions require a more fundamental understanding of how to build HIV competence at personal and community levels. A key recommendation calls for the design and execution of population‐based studies that include both multilevel and longitudinal features. Such rigorous conceptual and empirical investigations that assess the capacities of children are required to mobilize children, families and communities in comprehensive actions plans for prevention, treatment and care in response to the enduring HIV/AIDS pandemic.
Oxytocin–ergometrine co‐administration does not reduce blood loss at caesarean delivery for labour arrest*
Authors: Balki M , Dhumne S , Kasodekar S , Kingdom J , Windrim R , Carvalho JCA 
Published: March 2008

Objective  To determine if intravenous infusion of a combination of oxytocin and ergometrine maleate is better than oxytocin alone to decrease blood loss at caesarean delivery for labour arrest.Design  Prospective, double‐blinded, randomised controlled trial.Setting  Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada.Population  Women undergoing caesarean deliveries for labour arrest.Methods  Forty‐eight women were randomised to receive infusion of either ergometrine maleate 0.25 mg + oxytocin 20 iu or oxytocin 20 iu alone, diluted in 1 l of lactated Ringer’s Solution, immediately after delivery of the infant. Unsatisfactory uterine contractions after delivery were treated with additional boluses of the study solution or rescue carboprost. Blood loss was estimated based on the haematocrit values before and 48 hours after delivery.Main outcome measures  The primary outcome was the estimated blood loss, while the secondary outcomes included the use of additional uterotonics, need for blood transfusion and the incidence of adverse effects.Results  The estimated blood loss was similar in the oxytocin–ergometrine and oxytocin‐only groups; 1218 ± 716 ml and 1299 ± 774 ml, respectively (P= 0.72). Significantly fewer women required additional boluses of the study drug in the oxytocin–ergometrine group (21 and 57%; P= 0.01). Nausea (42 and 9%; P= 0.01) and vomiting (25 and 4%; P= 0.05) were significantly more prevalent in the oxytocin–ergometrine group.Conclusions  In women undergoing caesarean delivery for labour arrest, the co‐administration of ergometrine with oxytocin does not reduce intraoperative blood loss, despite apparently superior uterine contraction.
Is psychosocial stress in first ongoing pregnancies associated with pre‐eclampsia and gestational hypertension?
Authors: Vollebregt KC , Van Der Wal MF , Wolf H , Vrijkotte TGM , Boer K , Bonsel GJ 
Published: March 2008

Objective  Investigating the association of pre‐eclampsia and gestational hypertension with psychosocial stress in the first half of pregnancy.Design  Prospective community‐based cohort study.Setting  Amsterdam, The Netherlands.Population  Between January 2003 and March 2004, all pregnant Amsterdam women (n = 12 377) were invited to fill in a questionnaire with sociodemographic and psychosocial variables (response rate 67%). Only nulliparous women with a singleton pregnancy, who completed the questionnaire before 24 weeks, and delivered after 24 weeks, were included.Methods  A postpartum questionnaire was used to gather information on hypertension or proteinuria. If this questionnaire was not available, the national obstetric register was used for pregnancy outcome. Medical files were examined for women with hypertension and/or proteinuria to confirm the diagnosis of pre‐eclampsia and gestational hypertension according to the International Society for the Study of Hypertension in Pregnancy guidelines. Psychosocial stress was defined as workstress (Work Experience and Appreciation Questionnaire partly based on the Job Content Instrument of Karasek et al.), anxiety (the State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory), depression (Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale) and pregnancy‐related anxiety (PRAQ‐R). The association of psychosocial stress with the incidence of pre‐eclampsia and gestational hypertension was explored by multivariate analysis adjusted for sociodemographic and medical confounders.Main outcome measures  Incidence of pre‐eclampsia and gestational hypertension.Results  A total of 3679 women were included. The incidence of pre‐eclampsia and gestational hypertension was 3.5 and 4.4%, respectively. Workstress, anxiety, pregnancy‐related anxiety or depression had no effect on the incidence of pre‐eclampsia or gestational hypertension.Conclusion  Psychosocial stress in the first half of pregnancy does not influence the incidence of pre‐eclampsia and gestational hypertension in nulliparous women.
The Debt‐Contracting Value of Accounting Information and Loan Syndicate Structure
Authors: BALL RYAN , BUSHMAN ROBERT M. , VASVARI FLORIN P. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTWe investigate how both the ownership structure and explicit contractual structure of syndicated loan deals are shaped by the debt‐contracting value (DCV) of borrowers' accounting information. DCV captures the inherent ability of firms' accounting numbers to capture credit quality deterioration in a timely fashion. We hypothesize and document that when a borrower's accounting information possesses higher DCV, information asymmetry between the lead arranger and other syndicate participants is lower, allowing lead arrangers to hold a smaller proportion of new loan deals. Further, we document that the influence of DCV on the proportion of the loan retained is conditional on the lead arranger's reputation, the existence of a credit rating, and the lead arranger's previous relationships with the same borrower. Finally, we find that when loans include performance pricing provisions, the likelihood that the single performance measure used is an accounting ratio, rather than a credit rating, is increasing in DCV.
20+ yr without leukemic or fibrotic transformation in essential thrombocythemia or polycythemia vera: predictors at diagnosis
Authors: Tefferi Ayalew , Gangat Naseema , Wolanskyj Alexandra P. , Schwager Susan , Pardanani Animesh , Lasho Terra L. , Mesa Ruben , McClure Rebecca F. , Li Chin‐Yang , Hanson Curtis A. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractObjectives:  The current study identified patients with either essential thrombocythemia (ET) or polycythemia vera (PV) who have survived for at least 20 yr without the development of either acute myeloid leukemia/myelodysplastic syndrome (AML/MDS) or myelofibrosis (MF) and compared their presenting features with those in whom these complications occurred in the first 10 yr of disease.Methods:  The study patients were selected from an institutional database of 1061 patients with either ET (n = 603) or PV (n = 458). In both instances, three distinct groups were delineated and their presenting features compared; group A included patients who have remained AML/MDS/MF free after a minimum follow‐up of 20 yr; groups B and C included patients who developed either AML/MDS or MF, respectively, in the first decade of their disease.Results:  The respective number of patients who fulfilled the above‐mentioned criteria for inclusion in groups A, B and C were 40, 12 and 8 for ET and 23, 18 and 12 for PV. In ET, compared with both groups B and C, group A displayed significantly fewer patients with less than normal hemoglobin level (P < 0.0001 and =0.02) or male sex (P = 0.005 and 0.05), respectively. On multivariable analysis, only anemia sustained its significance. A similar analysis in PV revealed an association between group B and leukocytosis using a leukocyte count threshold of either 10 or 15 × 109/L (P = 0.02).Conclusion:  The current study identifies PV patients with leukocytosis and ET patients with anemia as the most likely to undergo leukemic or fibrotic transformation.
Detection of the STAT5B–RARA fusion transcript in acute promyelocytic leukemia with the normal chromosome 17 on G‐banding
Authors: Kusakabe Manabu , Suzukawa Kazumi , Nanmoku Toru , Obara Naoshi , Okoshi Yasushi , Mukai Harumi Y. , Hasegawa Yuichi , Kojima Hiroshi , Kawakami Yasushi , Ninomiya Haruhiko , Nagasawa Toshiro 
Published: March 2008

AbstractAcute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is characterized by chromosomal rearrangements of 17q21, leading to fusion of the gene‐encoding retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARA) with a number of alternative partner genes. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 beta (STAT5B) is one of the alternative partners. We report a rare case of APL with STAT5B–RARA fusion transcript and the normal chromosome 17 on G‐banding. Administration of all trans‐retinoic acid improved disseminated intravascular coagulation without decrease of the leukemia cells in his peripheral blood and bone marrow. The molecular mechanism of fusion between STAT5B and RARA by chromosomal rearrangement is discussed based on the data from genome database. Clinical characteristics of APL with STAT5B–RARA are also discussed.
Combined proteasome and Bcl‐2 inhibition stimulates apoptosis and inhibits growth in EBV‐transformed lymphocytes: a potential therapeutic approach to EBV‐associated lymphoproliferative diseases
Authors: Srimatkandada Pavani , Loomis Regina , Carbone Rocco , Srimatkandada Srinivasan , Lacy Jill 
Published: March 2008

AbstractObjectives:  Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) transforms B‐cells into immortalized lymphoblastoid cells (LCLs) by triggering signaling pathways that lead to activation of multiple transcription factors and anti‐apoptotic proteins, including NF‐κB and Bcl‐2, respectively. Since proteasome inhibition suppresses NF‐κB activity, we sought to determine whether the proteasome inhibitor, bortezomib, alone or in combination with Bcl‐2 inhibition, has potential as a therapeutic strategy in EBV‐driven B‐cell neoplasms.Methods:  We evaluated the effects of bortezomib in LCLs in vitro, in the presence and absence of the small molecular inhibitor of Bcl‐2, HA14‐1, on proliferation, apoptosis, caspase activation, and expression of Bcl‐2 family members, and in vivo in the severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) model of EBV+ lymphoproliferative disease.Results:  Bortezomib inhibited proliferation, stimulated apoptosis, and activated caspases‐3 and ‐9 in a dose‐dependent manner in LCLs. In vivo, bortezomib completely abrogated development of EBV+ lymphoproliferative disease in LCL‐bearing SCID mice. When HA14‐1 was added to bortezomib in vitro, we observed a synergistic anti‐proliferative effect and enhancement of apoptosis and caspase activation, including activation of caspase‐8, in LCLs. These events were associated with modulation of expression of Bcl‐2 family members towards a pro‐apoptotic profile with translocation of cytochrome C from mitochondria to cytoplasm.Conclusions:  These studies demonstrated that bortezomib mediates anti‐tumor effects in EBV‐associated lymphoproliferations both in vitro and in vivo, and that its anti‐proliferative and apoptotic effects are synergistically enhanced in the presence of a Bcl‐2 inhibitor. These findings support further investigation of bortezomib in EBV+ lymphoproliferative diseases, and suggest that bortezomib in combination with Bcl‐2 antagonists represents a potential therapeutic strategy for EBV‐driven B‐cell neoplasms
The skin as a biofactory for systemic secretion of erythropoietin: potential of genetically modified keratinocytes and fibroblasts
Authors: Scheidemann Frank , Löser Maria , Niedermeier Andrea , Kromminga Arno , Therrien Jean‐Philippe , Vogel Jon , Pfützner Wolfgang 
Published: March 2008

AbstractBackground:  The skin is an interesting target tissue for gene therapy applications because of its ready accessibility. One possibility would be to utilize the genetically modified skin as a biofactory secreting a systemically needed product, such as erythropoietin (EPO).Methods:  Keratinocytes (KC) and fibroblasts (FB) were transduced with a retroviral vector encoding human EPO. Gene transfer efficiency was assessed by real‐time PCR analysis and flow cytometry of transduced cells. In addition, EPO synthesis and secretion were analysed by quantifying the amount of RNA and secreted protein in both monolayer cultures and skin equivalents (SE).Results:  When cultured as a monolayer, EPO‐KC synthesized significantly more EPO than EPO‐FB, as shown by quantitatively measuring the amount of secreted protein and RNA. This correlated with an increased EPO‐vector incorporation in KC compared with FB, demonstrated by determining both the percentage of transduced cells and the average transgene copy number per cell. In addition, in transduced cell cultures enriched to equally high percentages of EPO+ cells, KC showed a higher activity of EPO secretion than FB. Finally, when assembled in a SE, EPO‐KC secreted significantly higher amounts of EPO than EPO‐FB, although reduced secretory activity of EPO‐KC monolayers grown in high calcium concentrations suggested that in stratified epidermis differentiated KC secrete less EPO than non‐differentiated KC.Conclusion:  In summary, while both transduced KC and FB are able to synthesize and secrete human EPO, KC show higher potential in serving as possible target cells for therapeutic substitution with EPO, probably because of improved transduction rates and increased secretory activity.
Intellectual outcome, motor skills and BMI of children with congenital hypothyroidism: a population‐based study
Authors: Arenz Stephan , Nennstiel‐Ratzel Uta , Wildner Manfred , Dörr Helmuth‐Günther , Von Kries Rüdiger 
Published: March 2008

AbstractAim: To evaluate intellectual outcome, motor skills and anthropometric data of children with congenital hypothyroidism (CH).Methods: Children with permanent CH who were born in 1999 in Bavaria were eligible for this prospective, population‐based study. Cognitive performance was evaluated by the Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children and motor skills were assessed by the motor test, Motoriktest für vier‐bis sechsjahrige Kinder (MOT) 4–6.Results: Eighteen of 21 eligible children participated (86%). Median age of the children was 5.5 years (range 4.9–5.8). Treatment with levothyroxine was started after a median of 7.2 days (range 4–15) with a median dose of 12.0 μg/kg (range 7.2–17.0). Mean intelligence quotient (IQ) of the children was 100.4 (standard deviation [SD] 10.1): no children had IQ values below the normal range. Reactivity and speed of movement were significantly reduced in children with CH. Children with an initial thyroid‐stimulating hormone (TSH) value of >200 mU/L performed significantly worse than children with TSH value of ≤200 mU/L (p = 0.003). Children with CH had a significant increased risk for overweight (risk ratio [RR] 3.91, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.22–11.75, p = 0.005) compared to the Bavarian reference children.Conclusion: In this study, children with CH had an increased prevalence of overweight compared to reference data. Partially impaired motor skills could be shown, whereas the intellectual development was normal.
Nursing Diagnosis: Is It Time for a New Definition?
Authors: Herdman T. Heather 
Published: March 2008

PURPOSE.  The Diagnosis Development Committee (DDC) of NANDA International frequently receives proposed “physiologic” and “surveillance diagnosis” submissions that may not meet the current definition of nursing diagnosis (NANDA, 2007, p. 332). There has been a request for a vote on newly proposed definitions of nursing diagnosis, risk diagnosis, and syndromes. The purpose of this article is to provide information which enables members and interested nurses to continue the dialogue and to share their thoughts and also to consider the thoughts and information generated by the participants in the NANDA‐I interest survey on the definition of nursing diagnoses. DATA SOURCES.  An electronic survey of the current NANDA‐I definitions, and potential changes to those definitions, was distributed via the NANDA‐I Web site. This article summarizes the overall findings of that survey and provides an overview of commentary received from the 269 participants. CONCLUSIONS.  It is necessary to continue the dialogue on this important decision and to provide a mechanism for input from members and interested nurses before reaching any conclusions on this subject. NURSING IMPLICATIONS.  NANDA‐I has been recognized as the leader in the development and implementation of nursing diagnoses and must act responsibly in assessing the changing and emerging trends in nursing practice and in responding to these trends.
The Need for International Nursing Diagnosis Research and a Theoretical Framework
Authors: Lunney Margaret 
Published: March 2008

PURPOSE.  To describe the need for nursing diagnosis research and a theoretical framework for such research. DATA SOURCES.  A linguistics theory served as the foundation for the theoretical framework. DATA SYNTHESIS.  Reasons for additional nursing diagnosis research are: (a) file names are needed for implementation of electronic health records, (b) international consensus is needed for an international classification, and (c) continuous changes occur in clinical practice. A theoretical framework used by the author is explained. CONCLUSIONS.  Theoretical frameworks provide support for nursing diagnosis research. Linguistics theory served as an appropriate exemplar theory to support nursing research. IMPLICATION.  Additional nursing diagnosis studies based upon a theoretical framework are needed and linguistics theory can provide an appropriate structure for this research.