bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pressure Contour Analysis in the Assessment of Arterial Stenosis
Authors: Murie J.A. , Quin R.O. , Forrest H. , Sheldon C.D. 
Published: November 2007

Femoral artery pressure contour can be measured directly by percutaneous needle puncture and may be a useful indicator of proximal vessel stenosis. Pressure waveform in 53 limbs was compared with radiological appearance of the aorto-iliac segment. Forty-one limbs were graded angiographically as normal and 12 as stenosed. Pressure contour was studied at rest and after intra-arterial injection of papaverine. The following parameters were examined: 1. systolic pressure at rest 2. systolic pressure after papaverine 3. per cent reduction of systolic pressure after papaverine 4. pulse pressure at rest 5. pulse pressure after papaverine 6. per cent reduction in pulse pressure after papaverine 7. maximal gradient (dp/dt) at rest 8. maximal gradient after papaverine: p<0.001 (Figure 5b) 9. maximal gradient after papaverine : p<0.05 (Figure 6) maximal gradient at rest A significant difference between the angiographic normal and stenotic groups was found in the values of all parameters. p<0.001 for 1 to 8 inclusive; p<0.05 for 9. Good discrimination between groups was achieved only by 3, 6 and 8. Three produced the best discrimination: systolic pressure reduction after papaverine ≥ 14 per cent indicating stenosis (1 in 12 false negative) and < 14 per cent indicating no stenosis (no false positive).
Beneficial Effect of Papaverine Plus Raubasine in Peripheral Arterial Insufficiency
Authors: Brevetti Gregorio , Chiariello Massimo , Verrienti Salvatore , Spena Michele , Desiderati Maurizio , Condorelli Mario 
Published: November 2007

It has been demonstrated that, in most arteriopathic patients, vasodilators induce the vascular steal phenomenon, i.e. the shunting of blood from the ischemic to the normally perfused areas. It is conceivable, therefore, that vasoconstrictors may improve in the opposite way, reducing the blood flow to the normal zones and increasing it to the ischemic. A "reverse vascular steal" caused by the simultaneous IV injection of a vasodilator and a β- blocker has been previously shown; however, the chronic treatment of arteriopathic patients with β-adrenoceptor blocking drugs often results in increased evidence of peripheral arterial insufficiency; therefore, the combi nation of a vasodilating drug with a β-blocker is limited in the clinical practice. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of the combination of the vasodilator papaverine hydrochloride with a drug having vasoconstrictive action without the undesirable side effects of β-blockers. Accordingly, rau basine (40 mg) was given p.o. associated with papaverine (300 mg) in 10 arteriopathic patients, who presented a significant reduction of blood flow in the affected limb after the administration of 300 mg p.o. of papaverine alone. The measurements of blood flow were performed by impedance plethysmog raphy and the results are expressed as ml/minute/100 ml of tissue. Venous blood samples were also taken simultaneously with the plethysmographic recordings to evaluate papaverine plasma concentrations. Data obtained by this study indicate that papaverine alone induces a significant reduction of blood flow starting from the time of its maximal plasma concentration. Raubasine alone does not induce any change in blood flow, while the combination of the 2 drugs significantly increases the blood supply to the affected limb. These favorable results, probably related to the ability of raubasine to induce a reverse vascular steal, suggest that the combination of this drug with a vasodilator such as papaverine may represent a new approach in the treatment of peripheral arterial insufficiency.
Noninvasive Venous Pressure Measurements in Different Venous Diseases
Authors: Bartolo M. , Nicosia P.M. , Antignani P.L. , Raffi S. , Ricci S. , Marchetti M. , Pittorino L. 
Published: November 2007

We use from some years the doppler method for noninvasive meas urements of venous pressure and about seven years ago we communicated the early results.1-3 We have confirmed the reliability and sensitivity of the method carrying on our clinical work. Now we report the results of a more extensive observation.
Pulsed Doppler Assessment of Deep Femoral Artery Hemodynamics: A Preliminary Report
Authors: Marquis C. , Meister J.-J. , Mooser E. , Mosimann R. 
Published: November 2007

The functional capability of the deep femoral artery (DFA) as a collateral channel is an important feature in patients suffering peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD). A noninvasive method of indirect quantification of the DFA blood flow volume is presented. In normal lower limbs, it was found that the common femoral artery (CFA) mean blood flow volume was maintained at 59% of its resting value when the superficial femoral artery (SFA) was occluded by a pneumatic cuff placed around the thigh. The reduction of the mean flow volume is mainly due to an increase of the diastolic backward flow, while the maximum systolic flow remains constant. In a few patients with various degrees of stenosis of the DFA, we observed a much greater drop in mean CFA blood flow volume than in normal subjects. On the basis of this preliminary study, we conclude that: —When the normal SFA is occluded, pulsatile flow through the CFA is maintained. —Occlusion flow reflects the runoff and the compliance of the DFA bed. —Occlusion flow is diminished in patients with DFA stenosis. It is suggested that this non-invasive test might help the physician to assess the involvement of the DFA in PAOD. Further investigation is needed to establish the correlation between quantitative occlusion blood flow volume and the degree of DFA stenosis.
Current Status of the Vascular Laboratory in the Diagnosis of Deep Vein Thrombosis
Authors: AbuRahma Ali F. , Osborne Linda 
Published: November 2007

The frequency of venous disease probably surpasses that of heart disease and stroke. The fallibility of the clinical diagnosis of pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis (DVT) approaches 50% error in both conditions. Because of the serious errors in omission and commission of the clinical diagnosis of venous thrombosis, a variety of noninvasive diagnostic techniques have been developed within the past decade. The purpose of this paper is to analyze these noninvasive venous modalities with more emphasis on what is available in our vascular lab at Charleston Area Medical Center - Charleston Division, West Virginia University Medical Center.
Right Ventricular Endomyocardial Biopsy in Undetermined Form of Chagas' Disease
Authors: Mady Charles , Pereira-Barretto Antonio Carlos , Ianni Bárbara Maria , Lopes Edgard Augusto , Pileggi Fúlvio 
Published: November 2007

Right ventricular endomyocardial biopsy was carried out in thirty three pa tients with undetermined form of Chagas' disease. Fragments obtained by this method were analysed under light microscopy with hematoxilin-eosin, and Masson trichromic stains. Thirteen (39.4%) pa tients showed normal myocardial fragments and twenty patients (60.6%) had them altered. Alterations included fiber degeneration, volume changes, intersti tial edema, inflammatory infiltrates and fibrosis. These data permit to conclude that only part of patients with this form of Chagas' disease have an incipient myocardial attack and that the alterations found in the fragments obtained are mild. The remaining patients would be either individuals with chagasic infection without cardiac disease or have spon taneous healing. This should be considered in the future treatment of the dis ease.
Femoral Artery Flow in Deep Vein Thrombosis: Hemodynamics of Slow Versus Acute Femoral Vein Occlusion
Authors: Shifrin Edward G. 
Published: November 2007

There are many reports of reduced flow in the femoral artery following acute occlusion of the femoral vein. Poorer results might also be expected in arterial reconstructive surgery for obliterative vascular disease, in the event of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) of the limb. It is likely that patients develop DVT by a slow process that is totally different from experimental acute occlusion of the femoral vein, which leads to reduction of flow in the femoral artery. To test this hypothesis, a model with slow and gradual femoral vein occlusion was used. The results of this study showed that there was only 13.5% reduction in femoral artery flow during a four-hour gradual occlusion of the femoral vein. This excludes the possibility that in the presence of gradually occurring processes such as DVT, there is a hemodynamic basis for reduced flow through the femoral artery or through a bypass.
The Reliability of Doppler Ultrasound Techniques in the Assessment of Carotid Disease
Authors: Ratliff David A. , Hames Tony K. , Humphries Keith N. , Birch Stephen , Chant Anthony D. B. 
Published: November 2007

The reliability of continuous wave (CW) Doppler imaging and Duplex scan ning in the assessment of carotid artery disease has been evaluated prospectively in comparison with biplanar angiography. Of 130 comparisons the sensitivity of Doppler imaging was 89% and specificity 99% in the detection of ≥ 50% inter nal carotid stenosis, and 87% and 99% respectively in the diagnosis of internal carotid occlusion. Of 118 comparisons the sensitivity of Duplex scanning was 93% and specificity 98% in the detection of ≥ 50% internal carotid stenosis, and 93% and 99% respectively in the diagnosis of internal carotid occlusion. CW Doppler imaging and Duplex scanning are accurate techniques in the diagnosis and categorisation of internal carotid artery disease. CW Doppler imaging is an effective screening technique for the presence of ≥ 50% internal carotid artery stenosis. Duplex scanning also has the potential for improved detection of early internal carotid artery disease and study of the natural history of atherosclerosis.
Bone Marrow Status of Anaemic Pregnant Women on Supplemental Iron and Folic Acid in a Nigerian Community
Authors: Okafor L.A. , Diejomaoh F.M.E. , Oronsaye A.U. 
Published: November 2007

The bone marrow status of 31 consecutive pregnant women who had been on supplemental oral iron and folic acid since early pregnancy at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital was assessed later in pregnancy to test the efficacy of oral iron and folic acid in preventing iron deficiency and/or megaloblastic anae mia in our community. Only those pregnant patients with haemoglobin geno type AA or AS took part in the study. Nobody was excluded except those with CC or SC. 96.77% (30 out of 31 patients) had iron deficiency with no stainable iron in the bone marrow. 35.4% (11 out of 31 patients) had megloblastic changes in the bone marrow. 32.2% (10 out of 31 patients) had a combined iron deficiency and megaloblastic anaemia while only one out of 31 patients (3.23%) had megaloblastic anaemia without concurrent iron deficiency. 60.4% (20 out of 31 patients) had iron deficiency alone without concomitant megaloblastic changes in marrow. The bone marrow in all the patients were normal in other respects except with regards to iron-deficiency and/or megaloblastic status. The significance of this high incidence of iron-deficiency and/or megaloblas tic anaemia in patients already on routine pre-natal drugs is discussed.
Pulse Wave Reflections at the Aorto-Iliac Junction
Authors: Li John K.-J. 
Published: November 2007

For pressure pulses to be transmitted to vital organ vascular beds, minimum loss through vascular branching junctions is necessary. Experimental measurements of pulse wave velocities and cross-sectional ar eas allowed branching reflections to be quantified. Wave reflections at normal aorto-iliac junction is minimal. Increased reflec tion occurs when the branch vessel is either narrowed or occluded. Also, geo metric factors dominate over elastic factors in determining the amount of pulse wave reflections at the aorto-iliac junction.
A Prospective Randomized Trial of Aspirin in Femoral Popiteal and Tibial Bypass Grafts
Authors: Satiani Bhagwan 
Published: November 2007

A prospective, randomized clinical trial to study the effect of aspirin on late patency of femoral popliteal and tibial bypass grafts is reported. One hundred limbs in 93 patients were randomized to receive daily 650 mgs aspirin postoper atively (ASA, n=45) or no aspirin (NASA, n=55). Indication for surgery was limb salvage in 88% and poor runoff (0-1 vessel) was present in 68%. Graft material consisted of autogenous vein (AV) in 63, expanded PTFE in 82 and composite grafts in five limbs. Distal anastomosis was to the popliteal artery in 72 limbs, tibial vessels in 19 and sequential in nine limbs. Patient followup ranged from 1-51 months (mean 12.97). Sixteen (16%) grafts occluded late, eight each in the ASA and NASA groups, (p>.05). No significant differences in graft patency existed between ASA and NASA groups in limbs with AV (88.5% vs 92.9%) or PTFE grafts (74% vs 62%) (p>.05). A total of 21 (19%) anastomoses occluded. No differences were noted between ASA and NASA limbs, although patency in AV was greater than PTFE (p < .05). Cumulative patency rates were 84.4% at 12 months, 81.5% at 24 months, 67.3% at 36 months and 52.4% at 48 months (ASA vs NASA, p>.05). Therefore, daily administration of 650 mgs of aspirin did not appear to influ ence late graft patency of femoral popliteal and tibial AV or PTFE bypass grafts at a mean followup period of 12.97 months.
Effects of Synthetic Blood Combined with Contrast Medium on Coronary Endothelium: An Experimental Study
Authors: Harjula Ari LJ , Mattila Severi , Myllarniemi Hannu , Mattila Ilkka , Mattila Petri , Merikallio Erkki 
Published: November 2007

The study described was carried out to evaluate endothelial injury following incubation of coronary material in contrast medium and in contrast medium diluted with fluorocarbon solution. Six porcine hearts were excised and isolated. Immediately thereafter, pieces of the main coronary arteries and ascending aortas were incubated in four different solutions: 1) blood, 2) contrast medium, 3) fluorocarbon solution, 4) fluorocarbon — contrast medium (1:1). Flow surfaces and coronary endothelial morphology were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Porcine blood (at room temperature) preserved endothelial structures intact but, in two samples, small patchy areas of denuded surface were found. Four minutes' immersion in contrast medium resulted in easily visible changes in the endothelial lining and individual cells. Denuded flow surface areas were common, the intact surface morphology was flattened. After 7 minutes, destruction was total. The addition of fluorocarbon solution to contrast medium (1:1) diminished the changes, which also occurred later than after incubation in pure contrast medium. After 7 minutes, separate endothelial cells were still identifiable but the microvilli had disappeared. Fluorocarbon solution preserved the endothelial lining well during a 10-minute follow-up period. The experimental protocol described confirmed the deleterious effect of con-trast medium on coronary endothelial lining, which could be reduced to some extent by adding fluorocarbon solution to contrast medium.
Peripheral Vascular Disease: Flow Studies and Clinical Results After Isovolemic Hemodilution—Case Reports
Authors: Caputi C.A. , De Carolis G. 
Published: November 2007

The authors, after a brief introduction concerning hemorheology pathophys iology, report the results of a study on 18 patients suffering from vascular dis ease at the second, third and fourth stage (Fontaine) who underwent isovolemic hemodilution therapy. The Travis Winsor index (evaluated by Doppler ultra sound) and the perfusion volume (evaluated by impedance rheography) were both significantly increased after treatment. In some patients such increase were also associated with a reduction of sub jective symptoms.
Motor Nerve Conduction Study in Raynaud's Phenomenon
Authors: Cavallaro A. , Di Marzo L. , Mattioli G.L. 
Published: November 2007

The term Raynaud's phenomenon is the eponym of a clinical picture culmi nating into and dominated by accessorial vasomotor crysis which are triggered by different stimuli (cold, cigarette smoking, emotional stress); cold sensitivity however, is a rather constant feature. Little is known about peripheral nerve involvement in Raynaud's phenome non but for cases secondary to thoracic outlet syndrome or to primary neuro logic diseases, systemic or not. The aim of the present work was to evaluate non-invasively the involvement of arterial flow as well as of nerve function in subjects complaining of Ray naud's phenomenon.
Controlled Trial of Combined Urokinase and Dextran Sulfate Therapy in Patients With Acute Cerebral Infarction
Authors: Fujishima Masatoshi , Omae Teruo , Tanaka Kenzo , Iino Kozo , Matsuo Osamu , Mihara Hisashi 
Published: November 2007

In this multiinstitute cooperative study, 143 patients were treated with either urokinase (UK) or combination of urokinase and dextran sulfate (UK-DS) within one to seven days following acute onset of cerebral thrombotic infarction. Of these, 81 randomized cases received a single dose of UK (2.83 x 105 units) by six-hour intravenous drip infusion and the remaining 62 received a combined dose of UK (2.84 x 105 units) and DS (3000mg) for only one day. Moderate to marked clinical improvements assessed during the seven-day study period were observed in 30.9% of the patients treated with UK and in 61.3% of those with UK-DS, the latter being significantly higher. Hemorrhagic phenomena appeared in 3.2% of the cases treated with UK-DS and in none of those with UK alone, but mortality was 1.6% in the former and 2.5% in the latter. UK-DS produced a prompt and sustained increase in plasma fibrinolytic activity with transient and relatively minor disturbance of the blood coagulation system. The results indicate that combined therapy with UK and DS is more effective than UK alone for acute cerebral thrombotic infarction.
Effects of Fibrinogen, Globulin, Albumin and Hematocrit on the Kinetics of Erythrocyte Aggregation in Man
Authors: Yamamoto Masahiro 
Published: November 2007

The effects of fibrinogen, globulin, albumin, and packed blood cell volume (hematocrit) on the kinetics of erythrocyte aggregation (RBC-A) after stasis were quantitatively evaluated by recording the changes of light transmission through the blood in transparent tubing with an apparatus consisting of a light-emitting diode and a silicon photodiode. The measurements were done on samples of heparinized whole blood, suspensions of erythrocytes containing various concentrations of fibrinogen (0.5 to 25 g/L) or gamma globulin (25 to 150 g/L), and blood of various hematocrit values prepared from three samples of whole blood having different concentrations of fibrinogen. The half-time of the increase of light transmission after the flow-stop was used as an index of the kinetics of RBC-A (T1/2). This simple and rapid method for estimating erythrocyte aggregation had excellent reproducibility (N = 51, r = 0.99). The values of T1/2 showed significant negative correlations with the concentrations of fibrinogen and globulin but a positive correlation with that of albumin. The T1/2 value decreased markedly and then remained almost constant with increase in the value of hematocrit, but the influence of hematocrit on T1/2 was markedly dependent on the concentration of fibrinogen.
Myocardial Ultrastructure in Kearns-Sayre Syndrome
Authors: Nakano Takeshi , Imanaka Kyoko , Uchida Hideki , Isaka Naoki , Takezawa Hideo 
Published: November 2007

Myocardial ultrastructural changes are described in a twenty-five-year-old female with typical Kearns-Sayre syndrome. The electrocardiogram revealed complete atrioventricular block with an occasional torsades de pointes type of ventricular tachycardia. His bundle recording demonstrated HV block with normal AH interval. An endomyocardial biopsy showed "ragged-red fibers" by the modified Gomori trichrome stain, and on electron microscopy there were increased numbers of morphologically abnormal mitochondria: ie, giant mitochondria, a whorled pattern of the cristae, and electron-dense substances, and paracrystalline inclusions in the mitochondria. The patient has been well since pacemaker implanatation, but she may develop a clinically overt cardiomyopathy due to progression of myocardial involvement.
Acquired Amputation and Prostheses Before the Sixteenth Century
Authors: Padula Patricia A. , Friedmann Lawrence W. 
Published: November 2007

Amputation has been practiced at least since 43,000 B.C.E. for ritualistic, punitive, curative, or vocational reasons. Fitting with prostheses has been done since at least 1,500 B.C.E. Anesthetics were used, but which ones is not known. Analgesics such as salicylates in plants, narcotics such as cocaine and opium, and soporifics such as alcohol and peyote were common. Amputation was done with knives, axes, and saws. Control of bleeding was by ligature, cautery, bandaging pressure, and plant and animal products. Suture was with cotton or human hair, acacia and other thorns, ant jaws, and sinew, with or without a drain. Prostheses were made of fiber, wood, bone, and metals, often lined with rags.
Tissue pO2 of Human Brain Cortex—Method, Basic Results and Effects of Pentoxifylline
Authors: Schultheiss Rolf , Leuwer Rudolf , Leniger-Follert Elfriede , Wassmann Hansdetlef , Wüllenweber Rolf 
Published: November 2007

A polarographic multiwire surface electrode was used for measurement of local oxygen partial pressure (pO2) on human brain cortex during neurosurgical operations. The two major problems encountered in this application of the electrode involved sterility of the equipment and mounting of the electrode. The described method of sterilization does not alter the electrical properties of the electrode. A special mount was designed to allow free three-dimensional placement of the electrode without exerting pressure on the cortex. Basic results of this technique demonstrated that it is possible to distinguish different pO 2 distribution patterns displayed in pO2 histograms for various types of brain tumors and edematous brain tissue. In patients with arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) of the brain, an increase of tissue pO2 in cortical areas adjacent to the AVM was the result of extirpation of the lesion. The effect of intravenously administered pentoxifylline was studied during extraintracranial bypass operations in patients with cerebrovascular disease. In 7 patients a consistent shift of the pO2 histograms to the right, i.e., to higher pO2 values, could be demonstrated. Mean pO2 values increased statistically significantly by 16±7 mmHg as early as ten minutes after infusion of pentoxifylline. The rapid improvement of tissue oygenation of human brain cortex is thought to be the result of an improvement of microcirculation, for other parameters influencing tissue pO2 showed no significant alterations if any.