bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing learning motivation and academic achievement in nursing students through metaverse‐based learning: A randomized controlled study
Authors: Çetinkaya Uslusoy Esin , Aydinli Ayse , Durna Faruk 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimGeneration Z students do not get much benefit from traditional distance education methods. Instead, they need new platforms and methods that will motivate them and increase their success.MethodsA randomized controlled study was performed on 42 students. The experimental group students were presented with metaverse, and the control group students were taught the distance education course.ResultsIn this study, in the students' Instructional Materials Motivation Survey, the mean scores of both the experimental and control groups exhibited no significant difference before the intervention. Regarding the effect of metaverse‐based learning on students' Instructional Materials Motivation Survey, the mean score of the control group was 82.55 ± 13.18, and the mean score of the experimental group was 96.52 ± 9.54 and there was a significant difference between groups after the intervention. When the academic achievement levels of the groups were examined, it was determined that the experimental group scored 76.57 ± 13.33 and the control group received 64.40 ± 16.42 points. It was determined there was a significant difference between the groups in terms of learning motivation and academic achievement.ConclusionThe study results show that the participants accepted the important role of metaverse as an effective learning method compared to traditional distance education methods. It is recommended to expand the use of metaverse in various fields of nursing education.
Perineuronal net in the extrinsic innervation of the distal colon of mice and its remodeling in ulcerative colitis
Authors: da Silva Matheus Deroco Veloso , da Silva Bonassa Larissa , Piva Maiara , Basso Camila Regina , Zaninelli Tiago Henrique , Machado Camila Cristina Alves , de Andrade Fábio Goulart , Miqueloto Carlos Alberto , Sant´Ana Debora de Mello Gonçales , Aktar Rubina , Peiris Madusha , Aziz Qasim , Blackshaw L. Ashley , Verri Waldiceu A. , de Almeida Araújo Eduardo José 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe perineuronal net (PNN) is a well‐described highly specialized extracellular matrix structure found in the central nervous system. Thus far, no reports of its presence or connection to pathological processes have been described in the peripheral nervous system. Our study demonstrates the presence of a PNN in the spinal afferent innervation of the distal colon of mice and characterizes structural and morphological alterations induced in an ulcerative colitis (UC) model. C57Bl/6 mice were given 3% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) to induce acute or chronic UC. L6/S1 dorsal root ganglia (DRG) were collected. PNNs were labeled using fluorescein‐conjugated Wisteria Floribunda (WFA) l lectin, and calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP) immunofluorescence was used to detect DRG neurons. Most DRG cell bodies and their extensions toward peripheral nerves were found surrounded by the PNN‐like structure (WFA+), labeling neurons' cytoplasm and the pericellular surfaces. The amount of WFA+ neuronal cell bodies was increased in both acute and chronic UC, and the PNN‐like structure around cell bodies was thicker in UC groups. In conclusion, a PNN‐like structure around DRG neuronal cell bodies was described and found modulated by UC, as changes in quantity, morphology, and expression profile of the PNN were detected, suggesting a potential role in sensory neuron peripheral sensitization, possibly modulating the pain profile of ulcerative colitis.image
Treatment of erythematous acne scars using 595‐nm pulsed dye laser combined with 1565‐nm ResurFX nonablative fractional laser
Authors: Zhou Chenxi , Yao Meijuan , Chen Weiliang , Zhang Liyuan , Zhang Lidan , Chen Mengjiao , Li Kai , Qin Xiaolei 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundAcne vulgaris is a common inflammatory disease associated with various sequelae after skin lesion remission. Acne erythema has been considered simple erythema or a vascular lesion; however, because the understanding of this disease has improved, acne erythema is currently considered an early scar with erythematous components.AimsThis study evaluated the efficacy of using both a 595‐nm pulsed dye laser (PDL) and 1565‐nm nonablative fractional laser (NAFL) for the treatment of erythematous scars caused by acne.MethodsNinety patients with acne scars were equally randomized to two groups. Group A (n = 45) received treatment with the NAFL. Group B (n = 45) received treatment with the PDL and NAFL. Each patient underwent one treatment session and 4 weeks of follow‐up.ResultsQualitative (χ2 = 12.415; p < 0.05) and quantitative (t = 2.675; p < 0.05) scores of Groups A and B were determined using a global scarring grading system and exhibited statistically significant differences. The quantitative score of Group A was higher than that of Group B (6.67 ± 3.46 vs. 4.98 ± 2.44). The erythema areas of the groups differed significantly after treatment, with Group B exhibiting more notable score improvements (5.00 [3.10, 7.10] vs. 2.80 [1.65, 4.60]; Z = 3.072; p < 0.05). The erythema regression rate of Group B (88.9%) was significantly higher than that of Group A (66.7%) (χ2 = 20.295; p < 0.001). Adverse events, including redness and swelling (86.6%), scabbing (78.8%), and purpura (36.6%), occurred within 7 days for 86.6% of patients.ConclusionsThe combined use of the PDL and NAFL is safe and effective for erythematous acne scars.
Risk factors of post‐operative diarrhoea in patients with pancreatic cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Zhu Juanjuan , Wang Yangyang , Li Yuting , Chen Yingjie , Lu Fangyan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundPost‐operative diarrhoea is a common adverse event after pancreatic surgery. While the risk factors for this condition have been identified, the increasing trend of administering chemotherapy before surgery might change these factors. This study aimed to identify the risk factors of post‐operative diarrhoea in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy.DesignA retrospective cohort study.MethodsPatients who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy and pancreatectomy because of PDAC between 2021 and 2023 were included. The preoperative characteristics of, operative details of and post‐operative outcomes in patients with and without post‐operative diarrhoea were collected and compared. The independent risk factors of post‐operative diarrhoea were identified using logistic regression analysis. STROBE checklist was used.ResultsPost‐operative diarrhoea occurred in 65 out of 145 (44.8%) patients during hospitalization. Elevated white blood cell count, advanced tumour stage, and late abdominal drain removal were independent risk factors for post‐operative diarrhoea (p < .001, p = .006 and p = .009, respectively).ConclusionsSome perioperative factors influence post‐operative diarrhoea in patients who undergo neoadjuvant chemotherapy. More attention should be paid to patients at a higher risk of post‐operative diarrhoea, with an emphasis on high‐quality management for these patients.
The endemic kelp Lessonia corrugata is being pushed above its thermal limits in an ocean warming hotspot
Authors: James Cody , Layton Cayne , Hurd Catriona L. , Britton Damon 
Published: March 2024

AbstractKelps are in global decline due to climate change, which includes ocean warming. To identify vulnerable species, we need to identify their tolerances to increasing temperatures and determine whether tolerances are altered by co‐occurring drivers such as inorganic nutrient levels. This is particularly important for those species with restricted distributions, which may already be experiencing thermal stress. To identify thermal tolerance of the range‐restricted kelp Lessonia corrugata, we conducted a laboratory experiment on juvenile sporophytes to measure performance (growth, photosynthesis) across its thermal range (4–22°C). We determined the upper thermal limit for growth and photosynthesis to be ~22–23°C, with a thermal optimum of ~16°C. To determine if elevated inorganic nitrogen availability could enhance thermal tolerance, we compared the performance of juveniles under low (4.5 μmol · d−1) and high (90 μmol · d−1) nitrate conditions at and above the thermal optimum (16–23.5°C). Nitrate enrichment did not enhance thermal performance at temperatures above the optimum but did lead to elevated growth rates at the thermal optimum. Our results indicate L. corrugata is likely to be extremely susceptible to moderate ocean warming and marine heatwaves. Peak sea surface temperatures during summer in eastern and northeastern Tasmania can reach up to 20–21°C, and climate projections suggest that L. corrugata's thermal limit will be regularly exceeded by 2050 as southeastern Australia is a global ocean‐warming hotspot. By identifying the upper thermal limit of L. corrugata, we have taken a critical step in predicting the future of the species in a warming climate.
Weishaar's classification system for nodal metastasis in sentinel lymph nodes: Clinical outcome in 94 dogs with mast cell tumor
Authors: Stefanello Damiano , Gariboldi Elisa M. , Boracchi Patrizia , Ferrari Roberta , Ubiali Alessandra , De Zani Donatella , Zani Davide D. , Grieco Valeria , Giudice Chiara , Recordati Camilla , Caniatti Mario , Auletta Luigi , Chiti Lavinia E. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe therapeutic role and prognostic relevance of lymphadenectomy in mast cell tumor (MCT) has historically been evaluated on regional rather than sentinel lymph nodes.Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo update information about the association of histological nodal (HN) classes with clinical outcome in dogs with MCT after tumor excision and extirpation of normal‐sized sentinel nodes (SLN) guided by radiopharmaceutical.AnimalsNinety‐four dogs with histologically‐confirmed treatment‐naïve MCT (71 cutaneous, 22 subcutaneous and 1 conjunctival MCT) were included if without: distant metastases, lymphadenomegaly, concurrent mixed cutaneous, and subcutaneous MCT.MethodsThis was a monoistitutional cohort study. Tumors characteristics were retrieved and SLNs were classified according to Weishaar's system. Incidence of MCT‐related events (local, nodal, distant relapse), de novo MCT or other tumors and death (MCT‐related and non‐MCT‐related), were recorded. Incidence curves were compared among the HN classes.ResultsTwenty‐seven dogs had HN0, 19 HN1, 37 HN2, and 11 HN3 SLN. Thirteen (2 HN0, 4 HN2, and 7 HN3) received adjuvant chemotherapies. Kiupel high grade, increasing number of SLN and lymphocentrums were associated with higher HN classes. Five dogs died for MCT‐related causes: 1 low‐grade (HN0) and 1 subcutaneous (HN3) had a local relapse, 2 high‐grade had distant relapse (HN3‐HN0) and 1 dog developed disease progression from a de novo subcutaneous MCT. No nodal relapse was registered. Fourteen dogs developed de novo MCTs.Conclusion/DiscussionLow grade/low‐risk MCT with nonpalpable and normal sized SLN have a favorable outcome independently from the HN. Result should be considered strictly related to the successful SLN detection guided pre‐ and intraoperative by radiopharmaceutical markers.
Inherited inequality and discrimination
Authors: Mialon Sue H. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis paper examines how income‐inequality promotes racial discrimination. When the influence of income is intergenerational, it generates a strong correlation between parental income status and the race that their children inherit. This makes parents' income statuses identifiable through applicants' races and enables employers to discriminate against the races of the low‐income group. Antidiscrimination policies may not be effective if they do not improve on income‐inequality. An effective means of reducing income‐inequality is to minimize the parental influence that causes inherited inequality. The implications of the discriminatory practice of legacy admissions are discussed in this context.
The Norwegian tax holiday: Salience, labor supply responses, and frictions
Authors: Sigurdsson Jósef 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAn emerging consensus is that the Frisch elasticity of labor supply is small. This may reflect a lack of salience, inelastic preferences, or prevalence of frictions. Studying survey data collected during a tax holiday in Norway, when earnings were untaxed during a transition between tax systems, I report three findings. First, 80 per cent of adults were aware of the tax holiday. Second, one fifth of adults responded by working more. Third, frictions in adjusting working hours or nonworking time appear to be the reason for a majority of nonresponses. The findings support the long‐held notion that labor supply choices are constrained.
Some lie‐detection may actually be of forensic use: A comment on Brennen and Magnussen, Lie‐detection: What works
Authors: Ben‐Shakhar Gershon , Verschuere Bruno 
Published: March 2024

AbstractRecently, Brennen and Magnussen (2023, Current Directions in Psychological Science, 32, 395) reviewed several approaches to detection of deception that have been extensively researched for several decades. While this review is timely, it is overly pessimistic regarding the applicability of psychological research to criminal investigations, and at the same time seems overly optimistic on techniques that are still in their infancy. While we remain cautious in recommending the application of many tests, we argue that the potential contribution of detection tests to law enforcement is much greater than what was implied by Brennen and Magnussen (2023, Current Directions in Psychological Science, 32, 395).
Acute and non‐acute decompensation of liver cirrhosis (47/130)
Authors: Schulz Martin S. , Angeli Paolo , Trebicka Jonel 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn the traditional view, the occurrence of cirrhosis‐related complications, such as hepatic encephalopathy, formation of ascites or variceal haemorrhage, marks the transition to the decompensated stage of cirrhosis. Although the dichotomous stratification into a compensated and decompensated state reflects a prognostic water‐shed moment and remains to hold its prognostic validity, it represents an oversimplification of clinical realities. A broadening understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms underpinning decompensation have led to the identification of distinct prognostic subgroups, associated with different clinical courses following decompensation. Data provided by the PREDICT study uncovered three distinct sub‐phenotypes of acute decompensation (AD). Moreover, acute‐on‐chronic liver failure (ACLF) has been established as a distinct clinical entity for many years, which is associated with a high short‐term mortality. Recently, non‐acute decompensation (NAD) has been proposed as a distinct pathway of decompensation, complementing current concepts of the spectrum of decompensation. In contrast to AD, NAD is characterized by a slow and progressive development of complications, which are often presented at first decompensation and/or in patients in an earlier stage of chronic liver disease. Successful treatment of AD or NAD may lead to a clinical stabilization or even the concept of recompensation. This review aims to provide an overview on current concepts of decompensation and to delineate recent advances in our clinical and pathophysiological understanding.
Surgical resection of a symptomatic intra‐axial lesion in a patient with Hennekam's syndrome: Case report with review of the literature
Authors: Dugan John E. , Lesha Emal , Milton Camille , Yudkoff Clifford , Orr Taylor , Boom Alan D. , Michael L. Madison 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHennekam syndrome (HS) is a rare genetic disorder involving malformations of the lymphatic system. Structural abnormalities and malformations within the central nervous system (CNS) have also been reported along with intellectual disability and developmental delay. We report a patient with HS who presented with seizures and was found to have an intra‐axial lesion, which was resected via craniotomy. While this case represents, to our knowledge, the first instance in the literature that a HS patient has been treated for a CNS abnormality via neurosurgical intervention, we provide a literature review of CNS lesions in patients with HS.
NaWRKY70 is a key regulator of Nicotiana attenuata resistance to Alternaria alternata through regulation of phytohormones and phytoalexins biosynthesis
Authors: Song Na , Wu Jinsong 
Published: March 2024

Summary

Jasmonate (JA) and abscisic acid (ABA) are two major phytohormones involved in pathogen resistance. However, how their biosynthesis is regulated is not well understood.

We silenced NaWRKY70 in wild tobacco Nicotiana attenuata and determined its role in regulating genes involved in the production of JA, ABA and the phytoalexin capsidiol in response to the fungal pathogen Alternaria alternata using techniques including electrophoretic mobility shift, chromatin immunoprecipitation, transient overexpression and virus‐induced gene silencing.

Silencing NaWRKY70 dramatically reduced both basal and A. alternata‐induced jasmonoyl‐isoleucine (JA‐Ile) and ABA. Further evidence showed that NaWRKY70 directly binds to the W‐boxes of the promoters of NaAOS and NaJAR4 (JA biosynthesis), NaNCED1 and NaXD1‐like (ABA biosynthesis), and NaMPK4 (ABA signaling) to activate their expression, while binding but repressing the expression of NaCYP707A4‐like3 (ABA degradation). Additionally, NaWRKY70 regulates capsidiol production through its key enzyme genes NaEASs and NaEAHs, and interacts with its regulator NaERF2‐like to enhance their expression, whereas ABA negatively regulates capsidiol biosynthesis.

Our results highlight the key role of NaWRKY70 in controlling both JA‐Ile and ABA production, as well as capsidiol production, thus providing new insight into the defense mechanism of plant resistance to A. alternata.
Anti‐resorptive therapy and MRONJ. A survey of the Italian Society of Periodontology and Implantology
Authors: Landi L. , Oteri G. , Barbato L. , Discepoli N. , Carrassi A. M. , Rigoni M. , Cairo F. , Cavalcanti R. , Crea A. , Gianserra R. , Sforza N. M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectivesAnti‐resorptive agents have been linked to the development of MRONJ in patients undergoing dental surgical procedures. This survey aims to explore the level of knowledge and experience of Italian Society of Periodontology and Implantology members in the management of patients treated with anti‐resorptive agents and with the risk of developing MRONJ.Materials and MethodsAn 18‐item questionnaire was submitted by e‐mail to the SIdP members. Statistical analyses were carried out. Continuous variables were described as mean ± standard deviation (SD) or median, and first and third quartile according to distribution's normality. Normality of data was checked with Shapiro–Wilk test.ResultsFour hundred and fifty‐one questionnaires were returned by e‐mail (32%). Most of the respondents were private practitioners (81.8%). Only 47.7% declared to be highly confident in managing patients on anti‐resorptive therapy while 92.5% reported to have performed tooth extractions and 52.3% implant surgery in patients under anti‐resorptive therapy for osteometabolic disorders. One or more MRONJ‐affected patients were encountered by 63.2% of the respondents.ConclusionsThis survey highlights the need to develop a “dedicated” program both for dentists and prescribers to improve the level of cooperation and to increase the level of awareness of patients treated with anti‐resorptive agents.
A multiplicative log mean Divisia index decomposition analysis of energy‐related carbon emissions in Pakistan: From the perspective of economic development phases
Authors: Jabeen Asma 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTo successfully implement mitigation policies, it is first needed to identify the factors that contribute to carbon emissions. Based on the extended Kaya identity approach, this study investigates the driving factors of energy‐related carbon emissions in Pakistan from 1990 to 2019 using the multiplicative LMDI‐I decomposition technique with no residual term. The decomposition results reveal that the population and affluence contributed significantly to accelerating carbon emissions from energy consumption across all the sub‐periods. The cumulative effect of population size increased to 2.286 times in 2019, far greater than the impact of other factors. The cumulative effect of economic activity per person reached 1.566 in 2019. The impact of fuel quality and energy intensity is relatively minor (as the index value is less than one) most of the time. The cumulative effect of renewable energy penetration has increased from 0.998 in 1990 to 1.034 in 2019 due to the country's less mature renewable energy technologies. Fossil fuel switching is a factor that reduces carbon emissions, as the index value decreased from 0.945 in 1990 to 0.918 in 2019. The results of the study contain helpful information for lowering carbon emissions.
Maternal dietary indexes are not linked to early childhood wheezing or atopic eczema
Authors: Sivula Elina , Puharinen Heidi , Hantunen Sari , Keski‐Nisula Leea , Backman Katri 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundSeveral recent studies have investigated the association between maternal diet during pregnancy and wheezing or asthma in children. However, whether a specific dietary pattern during pregnancy protects children from wheezing or atopic diseases remains unclear. This study investigated the association between The Alternative Healthy Eating Index for Pregnancy (AHEI‐P), the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), and the risk for wheezing and atopic eczema in children during the first year of life.MethodsThis study included 1330 mother–child pairs who attended the Kuopio Birth Cohort (KuBiCo) study and had dietary information during the last trimester and information on children's health in the first year of life. AHEI‐P and DII indicate a healthy diet and dietary inflammation potential during pregnancy. The AHEI‐P and DII were compared with reported wheezing and doctor‐diagnosed atopic eczema in children during the first year of life.ResultsNeither AHEI‐P nor DII is associated with wheezing or atopic eczema in children when analyzed by continuous variables and by tertiles. The odds ratio (95% CI) for AHEI‐P and wheezing was 0.99 (0.98–1.01), for AHEI‐P and atopic eczema1.01 (0.99–1.02), for DII and wheezing 1.02 (0.95–1.09), and for DII and atopic eczema 0.97 (0.91–1.04).ConclusionIn this cohort study, AHEI‐P and DII during pregnancy were not associated with wheezing or atopic eczema in the offspring during the first year of life.