bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Current Challenges of International Legal Regulation of EAEU — China Partnership in Transport and Logistics
Authors: Drozdova M. A. , Pokrovskaya O. D. 
Published: April 2024

At the current stage of development of international relations, when factional trends in the foreign policy of such significant world leaders as the European Union and the United States are only gaining momentum, China has become the main strategic partner for Russia likewise for the EAEU. Due to the introduction of international sanctions against both China and Russia, reorientation of economic cooperation and, therefore, transportation and logistics routes to the East seems to be the most correct development paradigm. However, at the current level of development of science and technology, it is necessary to expand and intensify the formation of the array of international legal legislation to create an effective basis for legal regulation of the transport and logistics industry for the growth of synergistic effect of integration processes in the Eurasian space.Aim. To analyze various aspects of international legal regulation of the ways of integration of the EAEU and China in the transport and logistics sphere to increase the level of economic interaction between the partner countries.Tasks. It is proposed to consider the main trends in the formation of an array of international legal acts aimed at creating a basis for effective cooperation between China and the EAEU in the current geopolitical conditions, taking into account the need to develop advanced regulation of the introduction of digital technologies, including the development of logistics platforms, to create conditions for seamless cargo transportation in the Eurasian region.Methods. The study used formal-legal and comparative-legal methods, deduction, synthesis, induction, as well as abstraction and system method.Results. The necessity to develop unified regulatory requirements both in the sphere of technical operation of different types of transport and the creation of a regulatory framework for the development of conjugate EAEU-China transport and logistics digital infrastructure, providing seamless multimodal transportation to obtain a synergistic effect from the economic integration of the Eurasian region was substantiated.Conclusions. The comprehensive diagnosis of the effectiveness of international partnershop between the EAEU and China in transport and logistics proposed by the authors of the study will allow to adjust the existing strategy of interaction between the countries and increase the efficiency of Eurasian integration through the implementation of measures aimed at the development of seamless logistics.
Strategic Alliances and Lending Relationships
Authors: Khan Urooj , Lin Vincent Yongzhao , Ma Zhiming , Stice Derrald 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT
We study how proprietary information flows in strategic alliances facilitate banks’ information collection in private debt markets. We argue that lenders that have previously worked with a borrower’s alliance partners have an information advantage and show that firms entering a strategic alliance receive a lower interest spread on loans from banks that have previously lent to their strategic partners than loans from other banks. Cross-sectional tests on alliances’ economic importance and participants’ information environment support our hypothesis that the loan price effect is driven by reduced information asymmetry between borrowers and their partners’ relationship banks. Last, we find borrowers are more likely to obtain debt financing from alliance-related banks than from other banks. Overall, our findings are consistent with lenders that have previously worked with an alliance counterparty possessing debt contracting-relevant information about the soft nature of alliance value and the partners’ commitment to alliances.
Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.
JEL Classifications: G10; G21; G32.
Technological imagination as a source of the culture of neural networks
Authors: Husárová Zuzana , Piorecký Karel 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The study represents a partial output of research on the culture of artificial neural networks, as the authors call the cultural complex, in which a number of different actants participate (technologies, their users, results of the generation process, their recipients, media, etc.) and which is constituted by language games that have a performative function. The aim of this study is to conduct a media-archaeological insight into the imaginative layer of these language games and to point out that one of the sources of neural network culture is precisely the deeply historically anchored technological imagination. The genealogy of this imagination is traced in the study from its ancient origins to the 1950s, when the idea of the artificial mind was transformed into a scientific theorem and founded the research field of artificial intelligence. In this way, the paper draws attention to the fact that when we think and talk about artificial intelligence, we are talking about a set of imaginations that should not be confused with reality, but rather treated as technological fictions.
Shhh!: Whisper cycle in John Crowley’s rendition of Samuel Beckett’s Come and Go
Authors: Kutlu Filiz 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Samuel Beckett’s Come and Go (1965) is about three women whose conversations are both audible and inaudible due to each one’s whispering whenever two of them are alone and the other is out of sight. This paper focuses on the film version of Come and Go – directed by John Crowley in 2000 – as part of the Beckett on Film project, which transferred Beckett’s 19 stage-plays to the screen. Drawing upon Mladen Dolar’s theorization of the object voice, this paper aims to analyse how Crowley renders Beckett accessible for contemporary audiences in cinematic terms, with a specific focus on the whisper scenes.
(En)gendering diaspora: Negotiating food, culture and women in select Indian diasporic novels
Authors: Samal Rajbir , Mishra Binod 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

This article revisits two well-known novels in Indian diasporic writing, Anita and Me (1996) by Meera Syal and The Namesake (2003) by Jhumpa Lahiri, to examine the cultural agents behind the formation and sustenance of the Indian diaspora. The article first establishes the multivalence of food to understand Indian literature and culture and then contextualizes the novel into the tradition of Indian diasporic food writing. By focusing on the culinary discourses in the novel, the article argues that Indian women employ their culinary strategies and ingenuities to produce a cultural version of Indianness, central to the construction of the Indian diaspora. The article draws the theoretical framework from Anita Mannur’s postcolonial concept of “kitchen Indians” to unravel the structural working of gender roles that operate at the foundation of the Indian diaspora.
Knowledge transfer in interim management projects
Authors: Skowron-Mielnik Beata , Sobiecki Grzegorz 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This study aims to define the role of knowledge in a triad of factors determining effectiveness in Interim Management (IM) projects. The discussion is based on the authors’ research concept, which, in addition to knowledge, also explores the categories of trust and power. A longitudinal study using the empirical-inductive approach was conducted in Poland between 2019 and 2021. It included ten enterprises that implemented IM projects in the studied period. The results presented in this article confirm the importance of the empirically adopted study factors, including the transfer of knowledge between the Interim Manager and the client’s (organisation’s) project team. A significant relationship between the level of knowledge and the levels of trust and power emerges as particularly evident. Research can be continued to verify the authors’ initial findings and include the proposed research tools and entities representing different sectors, management cultures and geographical regions in search of additional variables and their correlations with trust, power and knowledge. The research conclusions may prove applicable to both Interim Managers (IMs) and their clients (organisations). They can be used not only for pre-project planning but also during the IM projects.
Circular manufacturing and Industry 5.0. assessing material flows in the manufacturing process in relation to e-waste streams
Authors: Mesjasz-Lech Agata , Kemendi Ágnes , Michelberger Pál 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The article aims (1) to evaluate material flows in the manufacturing process reflecting the level of circular manufacturing of European Union countries and (2) to estimate the relationship between the level of circular manufacturing and the volume of e-waste put on the market, illustrating the implementation effect of Industry 5.0 technologies. A systematic country classification was created according to development conditions for environmentally sustainable enterprises and trends in e-waste volumes. Multidimensional data analysis and the linear ordering method were used to achieve the research objectives. The dynamics of changes in the identified variables were analysed using dynamics indexes and the average annual rate of change. Relationships were estimated using Pearson’s linear correlation coefficient. The main research result is the estimated synthetic development measure illustrating the level of circular manufacturing in the context of material flows. Significant differences were observed between the synthetic development measure values representing the level of circular manufacturing in European Union countries. This means countries’ circular manufacturing levels are significantly higher than others. Moreover, the values of correlation coefficients were estimated between the level of circular manufacturing and the volume of e-waste put on the market and between the average annual rate of change of the synthetic development measure and the average annual rate of change of the e-waste volume. The coefficient values do not confirm a statistically significant relationship between the indicated variables. Most countries have average conditions for developing environmentally sustainable businesses, but at the same time, they show negative trends in the volume of e-waste generated.
Spatial-temporal assessment of regional labor market differentiation
Authors: Dąbrowski Ireneusz , Politaj Adriana , Wicher Joanna , Mach Łukasz , Frącz Paweł 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The purpose of this article is a comparative analysis of regional and temporal labor market differentiation. In the study, the following voivodeships were taken as comparative objects. In accordance, following the administrative division, the voivodeships were adopted, while the research period was taken as the years 2011–2021. To study the differentiation of the voivodeship labor markets, the classical method of share shifts and the analysis of share shifts were used. The number of employed people and the registered unemployed by gender were chosen as the measures of differentiation on which the study was based. The results of the analyses made it possible to examine changes in the structure and assess the development of regional labor markets over time.
An evaluation of dogs’ exposure to benzophenones through hair sample analysis
Authors: Gonkowski Sławomir , Martín Julia , Rychlik Andrzej , Aparicio Irene , Santos Juan Luis , Alonso Esteban , Makowska Krystyna 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Benzophenones (BPs) are used in various branches of industry as ultraviolet radiation filters, but they pollute the natural environment, penetrate living organisms, and disrupt endocrine balance. Knowledge of the exposure of domestic animals to these substances is extremely scant. The aim of the study was to investigate long-term exposure of companion dogs to BPs and relate this to environmental factors.

Material and Methods
Hair samples taken from 50 dogs and 50 bitches from under 2 to over 10 years old were analysed for BP content with liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry.

Results
The results revealed that dogs are most often exposed to 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone (BP-3) and 4-dihydroxybenzophenone (BP-1). Concentration levels of BP-3 above the method quantification limit (MQL) were noted in 100% of the samples and fluctuated from 4.75 ng/g to 1,765 ng/g. In turn, concentration levels of BP-1 above the MQL were noted in 37% of the samples and ranged from <0.50 ng/g to 666 ng/g. Various factors (such as the use of hygiene and care products and the dog’s diet) were found to affect BP concentration levels. Higher levels of BP-3 were observed in castrated/spayed animals and in animals that required veterinary intervention more often.

Conclusion
The results obtained show that the analysis of hair samples may be a useful matrix for biomonitoring BPs in dogs, and that these substances may be toxic to them.
The semantic complexity of Hausa kinship terms
Authors: Batic Gian Claudio 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This study aims at analysing the absolute semantic complexity of kin terms in Hausa, i.e. to measure the amount of semantic information of individual kin terms. Each kin term is defined by a set of sufficient and necessary conditions (i.e. properties and relations) derived from the construction of a genealogical “space”. In order to calculate semantic complexity, properties (e.g. x is male, x is older than y) and relations (e.g. x is married to y, x is father of y) are encoded as a series of predicates. The terms are defined in a feature matrix system: for each property and relation each kin term is assigned a value on a truth table. Resorting to predicate calculus, the complexity coefficient c of kin terms is calculated as the negative dyadic logarithm of the relative number of trues according to the formula proposed by Lehmann (1978) and adapted from Carnap and Bar-Hillel (1952). Being culture-independent, the definition of kinship terms in a feature-matrix system allows for a) cross-linguistic comparison; b) a consistent treatment of polysemous instances based on the principles of intension and extension; and c) further analysis and applications in representations of kinship systems formulated with genealogical or algebraic approaches.
The ADV speaking-construction in American English: A quantitative corpus-based investigation
Authors: Wiliński Jarosław 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In this article, the author applies the theory of frame semantics, a usage-based model of construction grammar, and quantitative corpus-based methodology to investigate the nature of the ADV speaking-construction in American English, an adverbial participle construction that has not been previously explored using quantitative corpus-based methods. To investigate this construction, the author extracted its occurrences from the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA), analysed its structural, semantic, distributional and discourse-functional properties, and identified adverbs that frequently appear in the construction. The investigation reveals that the construction tends to combine with speech-functional adverbs, which evoke different semantic frames. It commonly occurs in spoken and written registers and serves various functions in discourse. In particular, it is used frequently in spoken discourse and academic prose to comment on the manner of conveying a message and to express speakers’ stances and attitudes toward various topics.
تجدد ظاهرة الانقلابات في افريقيا والسياسة الفرنسية حيالها: انقلاب النيجر انموذجا
Authors: أ.م.د مروان عوني كامل  , صهيب عبد الصمد اسماعيل  
Published: April 2024

ظاهرة الانقلابات في أفريقيا هي ظاهرة سياسية تتمثل في سلسلة من الأحداث حيث يقوم جزء من القوات المسلحة أو مجموعة من القادة بالاطاحة بالحكومة الشرعية بوسائل غير ديمقراطية وغالباً ما يتم ذلك عبر القوة العسكرية. تعتبر هذه الظاهرة منتشرة في العديد من دول القارة الأفريقية، وتتراوح دوافعها من الرغبة في السلطة والثراء الشخصي إلى انتقادات بخصوص الفساد وسوء الحكم وانتهاكات حقوق الإنسان.
تتسم القارة الافريقية بحالة عدم الاستقرار السياسي ، نتيجة تكرار ظاهرة الانقلابات العسكرية، اذ تعد منطقة غرب ووسط افريقيا من اكثر المناطق اضطرابا ، وتأكيدا على ذلك فقد شهدت المدة بين عامي 2020 - 2023 ثمانية انقلابات عسكرية ناجحة ، تمخضت عنها نجاح الانقلابين باستلام السلطة ، وفي السياق نفيه فقد شهدت النيجر في 26/7/2023 انقلاب عسكري ناجح ، تمكن عبره الجنرال عبد الرحمن تشياني من استلام مقاليد الحكم في النيجر .
وجديرا بالذكر فأن تردي الاوضاع الاقتصادية يمكن عدها السبب الرئيسي الذي يقف وراء الانقلاب العسكري الاخير الذي حدث في النيجر. بشكل عام، فإن تجدد الانقلابات في إفريقيا وسياسة فرنسا تجاهها يشكلان تحديات كبيرة للاستقرار السياسي والاقتصادي في القارة، وتتطلب جهود دولية لمواجهة هذه الظاهرة ودعم عمليات الانتقال الديمقراطي وتعزيز حكم القانون.
Carrying Capacity of Low Earth Orbit Computed Using Source-Sink Models
Authors: D’Ambrosio Andrea , Linares Richard 
Published: April 2024

The low-Earth-orbit (LEO) environment will likely experience an exponential growth of the anthropogenic space object population, also due to the many proposed large constellations, which could negatively affect the sustainability of the space environment if no proper regulatory actions are introduced. This paper introduces a methodology to analyze high-capacity sustainable solutions of the LEO region from 200 to 900 km altitude. Sustainability is assessed through the stable equilibrium points of a source-sink model called MIT Orbital Capacity Assessment Tool 3 (MOCAT-3). Capacity is estimated using an optimization procedure that aims to compute the optimal launch rate that maximizes the number of satellites in LEO, subject to a risk-rate constraint. Results show that the sustainable number of satellites increases with the risk rate constraint. Moreover, the resilience of the proposed solutions is tested against a more accurate time-varying atmospheric density model and perturbations of the initial equilibrium population. The compatibility of the proposed solutions with future traffic launches and a strategy to accommodate future traffic needs are presented. Limitations of the current work are discussed, chiefly the importance of validation of model coefficients and behavior before resulting capacity estimates are used to guide actual decision-making.
Utilizing Artificial Neural Networks for Entry Vehicle Aerodynamic Characterization
Authors: Ernst Zachary J. , Robertson Bradford E. , Mavris Dimitri 
Published: April 2024

Determining the dynamic stability of blunt body entry vehicles is a persistent engineering challenge, particularly in the low supersonic to subsonic flight regime where the behavior of the unsteady wake is a primary contributor. Dynamic stability quantities are determined by fitting measurements of a ballistic range campaign or a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) computational experiment to an assumed functional form in order to regress quasi-static stability coefficients. However, this data reduction process has many implicit assumptions that may not hold. This paper explores novel alternatives to the established methods for modeling blunt body aerodynamics. A six-degree-of-freedom CFD-in-the-loop flight model is used to run “virtual ballistic range tests,” fully capturing the relevant flow physics. Feed-forward and time-delay neural network models are fitted to the time-series trajectory and aerodynamic results, which can then be used to predict aerodynamic forces and moments. These models do not have a prescribed functional form and do not assume linearized aerodynamics. The models are evaluated for goodness-of-fit in their aerodynamic and trajectory prediction. The feed-forward neural network model resulted in a better prediction of the virtual ballistic range tests than a traditional database. The time-delay network had good open-loop performance but suffered from closed-loop instability.
Sensitivity Analysis of Ionization in Two-Temperature Models of Hypersonic Air Flows
Authors: Aiken Timothy T. , Boyd Iain. D. 
Published: April 2024

Plasma generation in hypersonic flows is analyzed using a two-temperature model of nonequilibrium air. The uncertainties in electron number density predictions are assessed for flow scenarios that correspond to both strongly shocked and strongly expanded flows, and the dependencies of the calculated uncertainties on individual input parameters are quantified. Ionization levels behind 5 and 7 km/s normal shocks are found to be most sensitive to the associative ionization reactions producing [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] in the region of peak electron number density, with nitric oxide kinetics dominating the uncertainty downstream. The higher levels of ionization behind a 9 km/s shock are found to strongly depend on the electron impact ionization of atomic nitrogen as well as the charge exchange between [Formula: see text] and N. Recombining flow scenarios depend on many of the same processes that influence the shocked flows, with the notable addition of the reassociation reaction [Formula: see text], which is responsible for large uncertainties in electron number density in net recombining flows. The results provide valuable insight into the typical magnitude of uncertainty associated with plasma formation predictions in hypersonic flows and identify the parameters that should be targeted in efforts to reduce those uncertainties.
Which Portion of Physiotherapy Treatments’ Effect Is Not Attributable to the Specific Effects in People With Musculoskeletal Pain? A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trials
Authors: Ezzatvar Yasmin , Dueñas Lirios , Balasch-Bernat Mercè , Lluch-Girbés Enrique , Rossettini Giacomo 
Published: April 2024

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to quantify the proportion not attributable to the specific effects (PCE) of physical therapy interventions for musculoskeletal pain. DESIGN: Intervention systematic review with meta-analysis. LITERATURE SEARCH: We searched Ovid, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Scopus, PEDro, Cochrane Controlled Trials Registry, and SPORTDiscus databases from inception to April 2023. STUDY SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomized placebo-controlled trials evaluating the effect of physical therapy interventions on musculoskeletal pain. DATA SYNTHESIS: Risk of bias was evaluated using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials (RoB 2). The proportion of physical therapy interventions effect that was not explained by the specific effect of the intervention was calculated, using the proportion not attributable to the specific effects (PCE) metric, and a quantitative summary of the data from the studies was conducted using the random-effects inverse-variance model (Hartung-Knapp-Sidik-Jonkman method). RESULTS: Sixty-eight studies were included in the systematic review (participants: n = 5238), and 54 placebo-controlled trials informed our meta-analysis (participants: n = 3793). Physical therapy interventions included soft tissue techniques, mobilization, manipulation, taping, exercise therapy, and dry needling. Placebo interventions included manual, nonmanual interventions, or both. The proportion not attributable to the specific effects of mobilization accounted for 88% of the immediate overall treatment effect for pain intensity (PCE = 0.88, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.57, 1.20). In exercise therapy, this proportion accounted for 46% of the overall treatment effect for pain intensity (PCE = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.41, 0.52). The PCE in manipulation excelled in short-term pain relief (PCE = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.62, 1.01) and in mobilization in long-term effects (PCE = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.76, 0.96). In taping, the PCE accounted for 64% of disability improvement (PCE = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.48, 0.80). CONCLUSION: The outcomes of physical therapy interventions for musculoskeletal pain were significantly influenced by factors not attributable to the specific effects of the interventions. Boosting these factors consciously to enhance therapeutic outcomes represents an ethical opportunity that could benefit patients. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2024;54(6):391-399. Epub 11 April 2024. doi:10.2519/jospt.2024.12126