bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TETRACYCLINE AND STEROID HORMONE BINDING TO HUMAN SPERMATOZOA
Authors: Briggs Michael 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Competitive protein-binding assays for steroid hormones were conducted on human semen. Mean concentrations for 10 specimens from 5 healthy young men were: testosterone 6.8 ng/ml, oestradiol-17β 9.5 ng/ml, progesterone 0.6 ng/ml. Oral administration of 0.5 g daily chlortetracycline for 7 days gave a semen tetracycline mean concentration of 4.5 μg/ml. Washed sperm bound tritiated steroid hormones in vitro much better than sperm in diluted semen. Testosterone reduced sperm uptake of 3H-oestradiol-17β, while oestradiol-17β reduced uptake of both 3H-testosterone and 3H-progesterone. Pre-incubation of washed sperm with either oestradiol-17β or testosterone increased tetracycline-binding capacity, while progesterone stimulated tetracycline release. It is suggested that steroid hormones in male and female genital secretions modify the fertilizing capacity of human sperm.
INHIBITION OF ANTIDIURETIC HORMONE SECRETION BY INTRACAROTID INFUSIONS OF SLIGHTLY HYPERTONIC NON-ELECTROLYTE SOLUTIONS
Authors: Olsson Kerstin , Kolmodin Rigmor 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Relatively rapid (3.75 ml/min), unilateral intracarotid infusions of slightly hypertonic (0.35 m) galactose and glycerol solutions induced a water diuresis within 40 to 60 min in the non-hydrated goat. The response to equi-osmolal fructose solution was weaker and less consistent. The water diuresis was apparently due to an inhibition of the basic ADH secretion, since it could be inhibited temporarily by the administration of small amounts of arginine vasopressin. The corresponding intracarotid infusion of isotonic NaCl solution did not significantly alter the renal clearance of free water, nor did equivalent intrajugular infusions of the non-electrolyte solutions induce water diuresis.
The results appear incompatible with the osmoreceptor theory, and support the assumption that a central, Na+ sensitive receptor system may be involved in the regulation of the ADH secretion.
NON-TOXIC GOITRE
Authors: Agerbæk Hans 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Among 29 patients operated on for non-toxic goitre 17 had a plasmaiodine concentration and thyroid clearance within the normal range for the region while 12 patients were iodine deficient in comparison to the former group. Extensive investigations of the 29 patients were performed including chromatography of the serum, urine and thyroid-gland digest and measurement of the iodine concentration and content of the goitrous tissue.
No qualitative differences were found between the groups, on the contrary, a continuum existed, findings being related to the degree of iodine deficiency. Thus, the group with a low plasma inorganic iodine (PII) showed the largest goitres, lowest thyroid tissue iodine concentration and highest [125I] MIT/DIT and [125I] T3/T4 thyroid-tissue ratio. In the group with a "normal" PII concentration, iodoamino acid distribution in the para-adenomatous tissue was similar to that of "normal" thyroid glands in the present region, whereas nodular tissue compared with the goitrous tissue of the most iodine deficient group. Thus, only quantitative differences were found between the groups, and it is concluded that the goitres of both groups were due to iodine deficiency.
IODOPROTEINS IN CONGENITAL GOITRE WITH ELEVATED LEVELS OF SERUM TSH AND T3
Authors: Forest J. C. , Bénard B. , Bellabarba D. , Paré G. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Thyroid iodoproteins were analyzed in the glandular tissue of a euthyroid female who presented a congenital goitre with circulating iodoprotein and apparent coupling defect. Serum TSH was significantly elevated (25 μU/ml) with low serum total T4 (2 μg/100 ml) and free T4 (0.4 ng/100 ml), and slightly increased total T3 (340 ng/100 ml). BE125I amounted to 5 %. The perchlorate discharge test was negative. Peroxidase and dehalogenase activities were found to be normal in thyroid homogenate. Minimal amounts of T4 (0.162 μg/g tissue) and T3 (0.032 μg/g tissue) were measured in Pronase hydrolysate of the gland. No labelled iodothyronines could be identified by various chromatography techniques despite a DIT/ MIT ratio of 1.4 and a total iodine content of 345 μg/g tissue. The salting out extraction of thyroid proteins and radioactivity indicated the presence of large amount of iodoproteins other than thyroglobulin. The distribution of proteins and radioactivity was studied by chromatography on Sephadex G-200, sucrose gradient centrifugation and disc electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gel. Only 10 to 15 % of radioactivity and proteins was identified as thyroglobulin. The remainder was recovered in the albumin fraction, and in a low molecular weight anodic iodocompound that migrated ahead of albumin and close to the front marker in polyacrylamide gel.
ADDISON'S DISEASE – CLINICAL STUDIES. A REPORT OF 108 CASES
Authors: Nerup Jørn 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
One hundred and eight cases of Addison's disease, diagnosed in Danish medical departments between 1950 and 1972, were reviewed. The idiopathic type of Addison's disease predominated (66 %) while tuberculous Addisons's disease comprised only 17 % of the present series. The remaining 17 % were unclassifiable on clinical grounds.
One third of the cases had symptoms less than three months prior to diagnosis and 25 % of the patients were in need of immediate treatment because of manifest or impending crisis when admitted to the hospital. Idiopathic Addison's disease was diagnosed in all age groups, predominantly in females, while patients with tuberculous Addison's disease were preferably males of higher ages.
A second disease (diabetes mellitus, thyroid disorders, pernicious anaemia or gonadal insufficiency) was diagnosed in 53 % of the patients with idiopathic Addison's disease. Associated diseases were found with significantly reduced frequency in other types of Addison's disease.
THE OESTROGENIC POTENCY OF VARIOUS CONTRACEPTIVE STEROIDS AS DETERMINED BY THEIR EFFECTS ON TRANSCORTIN-BINDING CAPACITY
Authors: Schwartz U. , Hammerstein J. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Various contraceptive steroids were analyzed for their oestrogenic potency in the human using changes in the cortisol-binding capacity of transcortin (TC-BC) as a parameter. A linear dose-related elevation of TC-BC was recorded in response to increasing amounts of ethinyloestradiol (EE). Mestranol (EEME), given in the same galenical preparation as EE, proved to be only 64 % as potent. Megestrol acetate, dl-norgestrel, norethindrone and its acetate failed to influence TC-BC, while norethynodrel induced a significant rise. This effect is apparently due to both the inherent oestrogenic activity of norethynodrel and its contamination with EEME. The administration of combined oral contraceptives resulted in a significant elevation of TC-BC. The drugs studied were (in order to increasing total oestrogenicity) 50 μg EEME + 1 mg norethindrone, 35 μg EE + 0.25 mg d-norgestrel, 100 μg EEME + 2 mg norethindrone, 50 μg EE + 0.25 mg d-norgestrel, and 100 μg EEME + 2.5 mg norethynodrel. The observed rise in transcortin activity appears to depend primarily on the chemical structure and dosage of the oestrogen component. These findings clearly indicate that the administration of conventional oral contraceptives, even those containing low oestrogen doses, does not cause an oestrogen deficiency, but rather an oestrogen oversupply of the female organism.
THYROTROPHIN RELEASING FACTOR (TRF) IN CEREBROSPINAL FLUID OF THE 3RD VENTRICLE OF RAT
Authors: Knigge K. M. , Joseph S. A. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The concentration of TRF in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of the 3rd ventricle and content of TRF in median eminence of the rat was examined. CSF (0.3–0.5 μl per animal) was collected from the 3rd ventricle by a microcannula technique and pooled samples from 10–15 animals were examined for TRF using an in vitro pituitary assay method. TRF concentration in 3rd ventricle CSF of normal male rats was 18.5 ± 4.2 pg/μl; median eminence contained 115 ± 12 pg. Cold exposure (4°C) for 16–18 h and thyroxine treatment (2.5 μg/day) for 5 days markedly reduced TRF concentration in CSF and content in the median eminence. Treatment with the anti-thyroid drug methimazole (0.01 % in the drinking water) for 5 days did not notably affect TRF in CSF or median eminence.
KINETICS OF DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE SULPHATE METABOLISM IN NORMAL CONTROLS AND PATIENTS WITH LIVER CIRRHOSIS AND ACUTE HEPATITIS
Authors: Oseko F. , Yoshimi T. , Fukase M. , Kono T. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Following a simultaneous intravenous injection of dehydroepiandrosterone 35S-sulphate (DHA-35S) and 3H-dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (3H-DHA-S) into normal subjects, patients with liver cirrhosis (LC) and patients with acute hepatitis (AH), disappearance curves of 3H-DHA-S and of DHA-35S over 36 hours were calculated for each individual subject. The three groups were compared with regard to the following parameters: slope of DHA-35S and 3H-DHA-S and ratio of the slope of DHA-35S to that of 3H-DHA-S (S/H) in the initial part and in the later part of each exponential curve; metabolic clearance rates (MCR), distribution volumes and transfer rates.
The initial slope of DHA-35S of the control group was not significantly different from that of the AH group, but the initial slope of both groups was lower than that of the LC group. The initial slope of 3H-DHA-S of the control group was lower than that of the other two slopes which were not significantly different from each other. The S/H ratio (an indicator of sulphokinase activity) of the control group was significantly higher than that of the other two groups and the ratio of the LC group was higher than that of the AH group. The transfer rate between the inner and outer pool was greater in both the patient groups than in the normal subjects. There was no difference in MCR's and distribution volumes among the three groups.
The results suggest a decreased activity of sulphokinase in the liver of patients with both liver cirrhosis and acute hepatitis; its activity in the latter case being more impaired than in the former case. The sulphatase activity may also be damaged to the same extent.
PATTERN OF THE HUMAN CHORIONIC SOMATOMAMMOTROPHIC (HCS) CONCENTRATION RATIO IN MATERNAL SERUM AND AMNIOTIC FLUID DURING NORMAL PREGNANCY
Authors: Berle P. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Human chorionic somatomammotrophic (HCS) concentrations were measured in the maternal serum and amniotic fluid by means of radioimmunoassay. The HCS ratio of the concentration in the amniotic fluid and maternal serum decreases continuously from the 11th to the 40th week of gestation. This decrease is statistically highly significant. Several hypotheses are discussed to explain this decreasing ratio between the maternal compartment and the amniotic fluid.
SERUM HUMAN PLACENTAL LACTOGEN HORMONE CONCENTRATION IN THE SECOND HALF OF PREGNANCY DETERMINED BY A SIMPLE IMMUNOELECTROPHORETIC TECHNIQUE
Authors: Gæde P. , Nørgaard-Pedersen B. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
By a simple rocket immunoelectrophoretic method the 90 % normal range of serum human placental lactogen hormone (HPL) in the second half of pregnancy was determined in 436 normal pregnant women. The mean half life of HPL after delivery of normal infants determined in 5 patients was found to be 14.6 min (range 13.2–16.4 min). A close correlation was found between serum HPL and serum progesterone (r = 0.75). No circadian rhythm was found.
DEVELOPMENT OF A RADIOIMMUNOASSAY FOR 5α-ANDROST-16-EN-3-ONE IN PIG PERIPHERAL PLASMA
Authors: Andresen Ø. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
A radioimmunoassay (RIA) for 5α-androst-16-en-3-one (5α-androstenone) in peripheral plasma from pigs has been developed. Antibodies against 5α-androstenone conjugated through C-3 to bovine serum albumin (BSA) were produced in rabbits. The antiplasma used in this study show a cross-reaction of 100% with 4,16-androstadien-3-one (androstadienone), 5.3 % with 5α-androst-16-en-3β-ol (an-β), 3.3 % with 5α-androst-16-en-3α-ol (an-α), 2.6 % with 4-androstene-3,17-dione (androstenedione) and 1.4% with 5,16-androstadien-3β-ol (andien-β).
The standard curve plotted as log picogram (pg) unlabelled 5α-androstenone against counts per minute (cpm) bound radioactive steroid was almost linear from 50 to 800 pg 5α-androstenone.
Regression analysis of the data from the accuracy study gave the curve y = 0.99 x+ 203.
The precision and sensitivity of the method were satisfactory. In plasma samples from sows and castrated male pigs the mean 5α-androstenone found was 1.1 ng/ml. In plasma samples from boars from 1.2 to 54.1 ng/ml was found.
DIHYDROTESTOSTERONE IN HUMAN SPERMATIC VENOUS PLASMA
Authors: Pazzagli M. , Borrelli D. , Forti G. , Serio M. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Testosterone (T) and 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) concentrations in spermatic and peripheral venous blood obtained from six men have been measured by radioimmunoassay and competitive protein binding assay respectively. The concentrations (mean ± sd) of DHT in the spermatic vein (0.64 ± 0.33 μg/100 ml) were higher than that found in the cubital vein (0.025 ± 0.01 μg/100 ml). These results demonstrate the production of DHT by the human testis.
UPTAKE AND BINDING OF ANDROGENS BY THE ANTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND, HYPOTHALAMUS, PREOPTIC AREA AND BRAIN CORTEX OF RATS
Authors: Næss Oddvar , Attramadal Arne 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
[1,2-3H] testosterone was given intramuscularly to castrated adult male and female rats. The concentration of radioactivity in the anterior pituitary gland, hypothalamus, preoptic area, brain cortex, ventral prostate and muscle tissue was measured at different time intervals. In the ventral prostate a preferential concentration and retention of radioactivity was recorded. In the anterior pituitary, hypothalamus, preoptic area and brain cortex, however, the maximum uptake was observed 7½ min after the injection of the hormone. Thereafter the radioactivity rapidly declined. Non-labelled testosterone was found to compete with the radioactive testosterone for the binding sites in the anterior pituitary, hypothalamus and preoptic area. High doses of non-labelled testosterone caused a slight, and statistically insignificant reduction of the radioactivity in the brain cortex. The concentration of radioactivity in the muscle tissue was not affected by any of the doses of non-radioactive testosterone given.
Filtration of serum on Sephadex G-25 columns showed that considerable amounts of radioactivity were associated with macromolecules. Therefore in order to get a valid record of the binding of androgens to the specific molecules of the target cells, perfusion of the vascular system was essential. In vivo and in vitro experiments revealed that considerable amounts of radioactive material were bound to macromolecules in the cytosol fractions of the anterior pituitary gland, hypothalamus, preoptic area and brain cortex. Thus for the first time a binding of androgens by macromolecules in the cytosol fraction of the preoptic area and brain cortex has been found.
Since association of androgens with plasma constituents can be excluded, the radioactive material is most likely bound to specific binding molecules present in the target cells of the anterior pituitary gland, hypothalamus, preoptic area and the brain cortex.
EFFECTS OF 9-ALPHA-FLUOROHYDROCORTISONE ON BLOOD PRESSURE, PLASMA VOLUME, AND SODIUM, POTASSIUM AND WATER BALANCE IN RATS
Authors: Haack D. , Hackenthal E. , Homsy E. , Möhring B. , Möhring J. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
In normal rats on a standard sodium diet, the administration of 9-alpha-fluorohydrocortisone (9aFF) induced a rapid increase of blood pressure in parallel to an increase of plasma volume. Water and potassium balances became negative. Urinary sodium excretion remained unchanged or increased after high doses, whereas urinary sodium concentration and faecal sodium excretion were reduced. The diurnal rhythm of water and sodium excretion changed: during the night-period, renal water and sodium excretion were diminished, whereas during the day-period both were enhanced. Thus, some effects of 9aFF on electrolyte and water balance are similar to those of DOC, while other effects are similar to those of cortisone.
It is postulated that a shift of fluid from intracellular to extracellular compartments, which increases plasma volume, is of critical importance for the 9aFF-induced blood pressure elevation in rats.
LUTEOLYTIC EFFECTS OF PROSTAGLANDINS IN RAT PREGNANCY, AND REVERSAL BY LUTEINIZING HORMONE
Authors: Fuchs Anna-Riitta , Mok E. , Sundaram K. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The influence of prostaglandin infusions on plasma progesterone (P) was determined in pregnant rats at various stages of gestation. Serial blood samples were collected from the right atrium through an indwelling catheter before, during and after prostaglandin (PG) administration. PGE2 and PGF 2α was given as intravenous infusions of 6 hours duration through the same catheter at rates varying from 0.33 to 5.5 μg/min (total dose: 125 to 2000 μg/rat). Control rats received an equal amount of 0.9 % saline solution.
Prostaglandins suppressed plasma P levels at all stages of gestation, PGF2α being much more effective than PGE2. The effect of PGF2α was not dose-dependent above a threshold level of about 125 μg/rat. The decrease in plasma P was evident within 3 hours of the start of the infusion, with further decrease in the subsequent 3 hours of infusion. The degree of luteal suppression by PGF2α varied in the course of gestation, being greatest on days 10 and 18 of pregnancy and smallest on days 4 and 16.
On days 10 and 18, plasma was reduced by 75 %, on the average, during the infusion of PGF2α with further decrease to 15 % of initial values within 24 hours. Pregnancy was terminated in these rats, but was maintained in most rats treated with PGF2α at other stages of gestation. Plasma P decreased, on the average, by 60 % during the infusion of PGF2α in all rats that remained pregnant, and progesterone concentrations remained at a level of 30 % of initial values for at least 2 days. Plasma P levels as low as 20 % of initial values were compatible with undisturbed gestation.
Concomitant treatment with LH prevented the decrease in plasma P induced by PGF2α on days 4, 7 and 10, but had little effect on day 18. Prolactin, given alone or with oestradiol, was completely ineffective on day 10 but on day 4, prolactin had a marginal inhibitory effect on the PGF2α-induced fall in plasma progesterone.
A COST REDUCTIVE METHOD FOR THE RADIOIMMUNOASSAY OF PLASMA ANDROSTENEDIONE. A COMPARISON OF ANTISERA AND THE EFFECTS OF CHROMATOGRAPHY
Authors: Hennam John F. , Collins William P. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
A method is described and evaluated for the determination of androstenedione (A) in peripheral venous plasma. The potential use of antisera to A-6-carboxymethyl thioether-bovine serum albumin and A-11α-succinyl-bovine serum albumin has been evaluated. The same plasma samples have been analysed before and after chromatography on a micro column of Sephadex LH-20. A dye, azobenzene is used to locate the fraction containing androstenedione.
The results show that there is no significant difference in the values of apparent A using either antisera (overall mean 3.2 ng/ml plasma from men and 2.8 ng/ml from women). After chromatography these values are reduced by 62 and 42% respectively to 1.2 and 1.6 ng/100 ml.
A new method using a mixture of ammonium and calcium sulphates is described for the separation of steroid bound to antibody. The precipitate is then resuspended and the amount of radioactivity determined, directly in the assay tube, by liquid scintillation counting. This process effects a 68 % reduction in the cost of the assay of each plasma sample.
TREATMENT OF ACUTE POST-OPERATIVE INAPPROPRIATE ANTIDIURETIC HORMONE SECRETION WITH DIPHENYLHYDANTOIN
Authors: Landolt Alex M. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Post-operative inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion was observed 6 times in a group of 26 patients without diabetes insipidus before surgery for craniopharyngioma. Fourteen patients with existing diabetes insipidus did not show this disturbance. Intravenous administration of diphenylhydantoin (250 mg q. 8 h) controlled the hyponatraemia during the interphase of abnormal urine concentration and established an increased transitory water excretion in an 8 year old child operated upon for craniopharyngioma.
RED CELL ZINC AND RED CELL ZINC METALLOENZYMES IN HYPERTHYROIDISM
Authors: Pangaro J. A. , Weinstein M. , Devetak M. C. , Soto R. J. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The activity of the following zinc metalloenzymes was measured in the erythrocytes of hyperthyroid patients: malic dehydrogenase (MDH), aldolase (ALD), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH).
A significant increase in the activities of ADH (0.8 ± 0.3 μmoles per min per g of haemoglobin) and GAPDH (30.5 ± 13.4) was found; the control values being 0.5 ± 0.3 and 7.6 ± 4.6 respectively.
The activities of ALD, MDH, and of LDH were not significantly different from those of the control group. The mean red cell zinc in the hyperthyroid group was 31.6 ± 6.2 μg per g of haemoglobin in contrast to 50.4 ± 8.1 in the control group.
It is concluded that none of the zinc metalloenzymes measured accounts for the diminution of erythrocyte zinc occurring in hyperthyroidism, a phenomenon that should be attributed to the inhibition of carbonic anhydrase B as reported previously.
GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE IN MICE INFECTED WITH ENCEPHALOMYOCARDITIS VIRUS
Authors: Kromann Hans , Vestergaard Bent Faber , Nerup Jørn 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Twelve weeks old inbred male C 57 mice were inoculated with the M-variant of encephalomyocarditis (EMC) virus in varying doses. Virus could be cultured from blood and from pancreas for 7 days. Animals receiving 4.5 × 102 plaque forming units EMC virus developed maximal glucose intolerance after 1 week. Animals receiving 4.5 × 106 plaque forming units EMC virus developed maximal glucose intolerance 3 weeks after the inoculation; i. e. 2 weeks after the acute viral pancreatitis had terminated. The possibility that virus elicited a cell-mediated hypersentivity reaction is suggested.