bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pathways to health and mental-health service utilization among older Mexicans
Authors: Rogers Anissa T. , Gallegos Joseph S. 
Published: September 2007

Engligh Pathways to service utilization among older Mexicans and Mexican- Americans were investigated through examining participants’ health beliefs and behaviors. Results indicated that definitions of health and illness had an impact on service utilization decisions. Results also suggested that an assumption that Mexican elders utilize social support networks for healthcare assistance is questionable, with implications for practice. French Cette étude analyse les trajectoires des personnes mexicaines et mexicoaméricaines plus â gées en ce qui a trait à l’utilisation des services. Pour ce faire, elle examine les croyances et les comportements des participants en regard de la santé . Les résultats indiquent que la façon de définir la santé et la maladie a un impact sur les décisions de recourir ou non aux services. Les ré sultats ont également remis en question l’hypothèse selon laquelle les personnes â gées mexicaines utilisent les réseaux de soutien social pour obtenir les soins de santé , ce qui a des conséquences sur le plan de la pratique. Spanish Se investigaron las formas de utilizació n de servicios entre Mexicanos y Mexico-Americanos de la tercera edad, examinando las creencias y conductas sobre la salud por parte de los participantes. Los resultados indicaron que las definiciones de salud y enfermedad tienen un impacto en las decisiones para utilizar el servicio. Asimismo sugieren que la suposició n de que los adultos mayores Mexicanos utilizan redes de apoyo para la atencio ń de la salud es cuestionable, con implicaciones para la prá ctica.
The effect of voluntary trunk rotation and half-field eye-patching for patients with unilateral neglect in stroke: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Fong Kenneth NK , Chan Marko KL , Ng Peggie PK , Tsang May HM , Chow Kathy KY , Lau Cherry WL , Chan Frances SM , Wong Iris PY , Chan Dora YL , Chan Chetwyn CH 
Published: September 2007

Objective : To investigate the effectiveness of voluntary trunk rotation and half-field eye-patching to treat patients with unilateral neglect in stroke. Design : Pre—post, day 60 follow-up, single-blinded randomized controlled trial. Setting : Single-centre inpatient rehabilitation hospital. Subjects : Sixty subacute patients with right hemisphere stroke having unilateral neglect within eight weeks post stroke consented to participate between November 2003 and July 2005. They were randomly assigned to three comparison groups. Interventions : Nineteen patients received daily experimental training in voluntary trunk rotation (TR) for 1 hour five times a week for 30 days. Twenty patients received the same kind of treatment together with half-field eye-patching (TR + EP). Fifteen patients in the control group received conventional training with the same contact time. Main outcome measures : Patients were assessed on days 0, 30 and 60 using the Behavioural Inattention Test, the Clock Drawing Test, and the Functional Independence Measure. Results : No significant differences between voluntary trunk rotation (TR), voluntary trunk rotation and half-field eye-patching (TR + EP) and controls were found in functional performance and neglect measures at day 30 (P = 0.042—0.994) and follow-up (P = 0.052—0.911) at P = 0.005 using Bonferroni correction. Conclusions : The results of this study do not support the use of voluntary trunk rotation alone or with half-field eye-patching to improve functional performance or reduce unilateral neglect in subacute patients with stroke.
The effect of exercise on hip muscle strength, gait speed and cadence in patients with total hip arthroplasty: a randomized controlled study
Authors: Unlu Ece , Eksioglu Emel , Aydog Ece , Aydoð Sedat Tolga , Atay Gulay 
Published: September 2007

Objective: To evaluate the effect of home versus in-hospital exercise (under supervision) programmes on hip strength, gait speed and cadence in patients with total hip arthroplasty at least one year after operation. Setting: Physical therapy and rehabilitation department. Subjects: Twenty-six patients who had had a total hip arthroplasty operation 12—24 months prior to the study were enrolled. Interventions: The patients were randomized into three groups: group 1 patients were assigned a home exercise programme, group 2 patients exercised under physiotherapist supervision in hospital, and group 3 served as the control group, with no specific intervention. The study duration was six weeks. Main measures: Maximum isometric abduction torque of operated hip muscle, gait speed and cadence were measured before and after the study. Results: Maximum isometric abduction torques of the hip abductor muscles improved in groups 1 and 2, but not in group 3 (30 ± 12 to 38 ± 11 ft.lb in group 1, 18 ± 10 to 30 ± 9.8 ft.lb in group 2). Gait speed improved from 67.8 ± 23 to 74.35 ± 24 m/min in group 1, from 48.53 ± 4 to 56.7 ± 5 m/min in group 2 and from 58.01 ± 12 to 59.8 ± 14 m/min in group 3. Cadence also improved, from 97.7 ± 18 to 111 ± 17 steps/min in group 1, from 90.75 ± 6 to 104.75 ± 7 steps/min in group 2, and from 87 ± 16 to 88.22 ± 16 steps/min in group 3. When the three groups were compared, group 2 showed the best improvement (P = 0.006) only in maximum isometric abduction torque. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that both home and supervised exercise programmes are effective one year after total hip arthroplasty. Home exercise programmes with close follow-up could be recommended.
Decrease of hypertonia after continuous passive motion treatment in individuals with spinal cord injury
Authors: Chang Ya-Ju , Fang Chia-Ying , Hsu Miao-Ju , Lien Hen-Yu , Wong Mei-Kwan 
Published: September 2007

Objective: To examine the effect of ankle continuous passive motion on the reflex excitability and overall hypertonia of calf muscles in individuals with chronic spinal cord injury and without physical disabilities. Design: Two-way repeated measure experimental design. Setting: Inpatient rehabilitation department in general hospital. Subjects: The spinal cord injury group comprised eight individuals with chronic complete spinal cord injury and the control group comprised eight healthy people without physical disabilities. An additional eight healthy people were recruited as the sham group. Interventions: Each subject received 60 min of continuous passive motion on the ankle joint. Main measures: The H-reflex of the soleus muscle was elicited by tibia nerve stimulation just before, immediately after, and 10 min after continuous passive motion. The Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) score at the ankle joint was recorded for the spinal cord injury group just before and 10 min after continuous passive motion therapy. Results. After 60 min of continuous passive motion of the ankle joint, the H-reflex amplitude at the soleus muscle was depressed in individuals with and without spinal cord injury (77.46 ± 32.64%, P = 0.047 and 51.76 ± 26.74% of initial, P<0.0001, respectively). This depression persisted up to 10 min after continuous passive motion only in individuals without spinal cord injury. In individuals with spinal cord injury, the median of MAS scores decreased from 2 to 1.25 after continuous passive motion. Conclusion: Sixty minutes of continuous passive motion of the ankle joint decreased reflex excitability and overall hypertonia in people with or without spinal cord injury. The depression of overall hypertonia persisted longer than the reflex excitability in people with spinal cord injury.
Constraint-induced movement therapy in the treatment of the upper limb in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy: a Cochrane systematic review
Authors: Hoare Brian , Imms Christine , Carey Leeanne , Wasiak Jason 
Published: September 2007

Background: Constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) is emerging as a treatment approach for children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy. It aims to increase spontaneous use of the affected upper limb and limit the effects of learned non-use. This review evaluates the effectiveness of CIMT, modified CIMT or Forced use in the treatment of children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy. Design and methods: Systematic Cochrane Review. The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (The Cochrane Library 2006, Issue 3), MEDLINE (1966 to August Week 4 2006), CINAHL (1982 to July Week 3 2006), EMBASE (1980 to August 2006), PsychInfo (1985 to August Week 4 2006) and reference lists of all relevant articles were searched. Relevant randomized and controlled clinical trials were systematically reviewed. Results: Three studies met the inclusion criteria. One randomized controlled trial (RCT) showed a trend for positive treatment effect favouring CIMT using the Dissociated Movement subscale of the Quality of Upper Extremity Skills Test. A clinically controlled trial demonstrated a significant treatment effect favouring modified CIMT using the Assisting Hand Assessment at two and six months. Another inconsistently reported trial showed a significant treatment effect at six weeks on the self-care component of the WeeFIM using Forced use. Reviewers' conclusions: Given the limited evidence, the use of CIMT, modified CIMT and Forced use should be considered experimental in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy. Further research using adequately powered RCTs, rigorous methodology and valid, reliable outcome measures is essential to provide higher level support of the effectiveness of CIMT for children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy.
How can occupational therapists measure outcomes in palliative care?
Authors: Pearson Elizabeth JM , Todd Julia G , Futcher Jennifer M 
Published: September 2007

The objective of this paper is to identify an outcome measure for occupational therapy interventions with palliative clients, in particular Home Assessments. Several possibilities beyond traditional functional measures are considered, and the notion of quality of life (QoL) as a potential measure and routine part of assessment is discussed. A systematic literature search resulted in 45 QoL tools that might be suitable for palliative care. The validation or development papers for these tools were closely examined. Twenty-four instruments met the inclusion criteria for further consideration for use by occupational therapists. The research found that it may be feasible for occupational therapists to use a QoL tool as a routine part of assessing each palliative patient, with the objective of focusing interventions to priority areas identified by the patient. Further work in this area will identify a range of established and validated methods of assessing QoL, suitable for different stages within the palliative phase of illness for purposes including assessment, support and targeted interventions. Palliative Medicine 2007; 21: 477—485
Facts and indicators on palliative care development in 52 countries of the WHO European region: results of an EAPC task force
Authors: Centeno Carlos , Clark David , Lynch Thomas , Racafort Javier , Praill David , De Lima Liliana , Greenwood Anthony , Flores Luis Alberto , Brasch Simon , Giordano Amelia 
Published: September 2007

The European Association for Palliative Care Task (EAPC) Force on the Development of Palliative Care in Europe was created in 2003 and the results of its work are now being reported in full, both here and in several other publications. The objective of the Task Force is to assess the degree of palliative care development in the European Region as defined by the World Health Organization (WHO). The Task Force is a collaboration between EAPC, the International Observatory on End of Life Care, Help the Hospices and the International Association for Hospice and Palliative Care. The University of Navarra have collaborated in the dissemination of results and is involved in further developments of this group. Four studies, each with different working methods, made up the study protocol: a literature review, a review of all the existing palliative care directories in Europe, a qualitative `Eurobarometer' survey and a quantitative `Facts Questionnaire' survey. The work of the Task Force covers the entire WHO European Region of 52 countries. In this article we present a comparative study on the development of palliative care in Europe, drawing on all four elements of the study. Different models of service delivery have been developed and implemented throughout the countries of Europe. For example, in addition to the UK, the countries of Germany, Austria, Poland and Italy have a well-developed and extensive network of hospices. The model for mobile teams or hospital support teams has been adopted in a number of countries, most notably in France. Day Centres are a development that is characteristic of the UK with hundreds of these services currently in operation. The number of beds per million inhabitants ranges between 45—75 beds in the most advanced European countries, to only a few beds in others. Estimates on the number of physicians working full time in palliative care are shown. The countries with the highest development of palliative care in their respective subregions as measured in terms of ratio of services per one million inhabitants are: Western Europe — UK (15); Central and Eastern Europe — Poland (9); Commonwealth of Independent States — Armenia (8). This paper also presents indicators on the development of palliative care based on the bibliometric analysis of scientific journals and on the vitality of the palliative care movement in each country. Palliative Medicine 2007; 21: 463—471
Community palliative care development: evaluating the role and impact of a general practitioner with a special interest in palliative medicine
Authors: Wilson Eleanor , Cox Karen 
Published: September 2007

In the context of an increased national policy focus on the development of palliative and end of life care services the post of a GP with a special interest in palliative medicine (GPSI) was introduced in one region of the UK to fortify its current palliative care provision. This paper presents findings from an evaluation of the first 2 years of the GPSI post. A mixed method evaluation design was adopted incorporating qualitative interviews, a satisfaction survey and an activity log. As a concept, the GPSI was welcomed as a suitable and imaginative way to provide much needed medical input. At baseline interviews stakeholders saw the role as an added resource both clinically and educationally, placing highest value on the clinical element of the role. There were concerns related to referral practices (referral was via a GP only) as well as the low profile of the new role. At the final stage of the evaluation, almost 2 years since the role began, stakeholders noted that the use of the GPSI for informal advice and support was highly valued, but also noted that more had been expected, particularly in relation to increased clinical input. The evaluation contained important lessons both for the continuation of this GPSI post and for other regions considering appointing a GPSI in this speciality. Palliative Medicine 2007;21 : 527—535
Injection of Polypropylene Reinforced with Short Glass Fibers: Rheological Behavior
Authors: Benhadou M. , Haddout A. , Villoutreix G. 
Published: September 2007

An experimental study of the thermorheological behavior of polypropylene (PP) reinforced with short glass fibers during the injection processing is described in this paper. This study was carried out using a proprietary rheometer which was designed and developed within our laboratory and is mounted on the injection machine. We have studied the variations of PP viscosity and elasticity, during isothermal flow, as a function of temperature, shear rate and glass fiber content. Furthermore we have studied the influence of the injection thermomechanical parameters during non-isothermal flowing and a pressure drop inside the feed channels and within a molding cavity of cylindrical cross section.
Emotional Intelligence in Couples Therapy: An Interview With Brent J. Atkinson
Authors: Nieponski Mary Katherine , Duba-Onedera Jill 
Published: September 2007

Brent J. Atkinson, PhD, is a senior graduate faculty member in the Marriage and Family Therapy Program at Northern Illinois University and director of Post-Graduate Training at the Couples Research Institute in Geneva, Illinois. He is the principal architect of pragmatic-experiential therapy for couples, an approach that translates new scientific findings about the brain into practical methods for improving relationships. Atkinson practices at the Couples Clinic in Geneva, Illinois. Brent Atkinson talks about the historical development and unique features of Pragmatic/Experiential Therapy for Couples. Methods for improving relationships that draw upon recent advances in neurobiology as well as the science of intimate relationships are described.
Dealing With Troubled Writers: A Literacy Teacher's Dilemma
Authors: Simmons John 
Published: September 2007

A movement in late 20th‐century rhetorical theory asked teachers to encourage writing on personal topics as well as formal, impersonal ones. Thus, to traditional writing goals (pleasing, persuading, and instructing) the exorcism of often deep emotions was added.This movement forced teachers to read and evaluate student writing in a more involved, intimate, and sympathetic manner. An almost inevitable result is the demand for teachers to witness writing that expresses anger, rebellion, the desire for retribution, and so on. Given the legal and professional limits on what teachers can do in dealing with such writing, the dilemma they face is the disturbing consequence. The author offers practical suggestions for teachers who see distressing and sometimes alarming patterns in a student's writing.
Real Writers as Aware Readers: Writing Creatively as a Means to Develop Reading Skills
Authors: Glenn Wendy J. 
Published: September 2007

Increased attention on written response to literature has tended to eliminate other forms of student writing in literature classrooms. However, when we allow students to write fiction unrelated to a particular text, their commitment to and understanding of texts are enhanced. This can serve as a means of engaging students with reading.Eight preservice teachers volunteered to participate in a writing workshop, meeting to share their fiction and provide written and oral feedback to others in the group. Each week, participants drafted reflections about the works read for class in relation to their own work as authors. These were analyzed using the constant comparative method. Two case studies provide representative examples of how participants demonstrated behaviors associated with good readers as a direct result of their commitment to their writing. They were motivated to improve their stories, and this motivation translated into their use of effective reading strategies.
The Leisure Reading Habits of Urban Adolescents
Authors: Hughes‐Hassell Sandra , Rodge Pradnya 
Published: September 2007

Research indicates that there is a strong relationship between leisure reading and school achievement, but the leisure reading habits of urban adolescents have rarely been studied. From their investigation of the leisure reading habits of 584 urban minority middle school students, the authors identify these key findings:More than two‐thirds of the students indicated that they read for fun and relaxation, to learn new things, or because they were bored.Magazines were the preferred reading material for both males and females, followed by comics and the Internet.Celebrities, “people or characters like me,” sports figures, and musicians were among the most popular subjects pursued in respondents' leisure reading.Reading during summer vacation was not popular with either sex.Based on these findings, the authors provide eight recommendations for teachers and librarians to keep in mind as they strive to support the literacy development of urban adolescents.
Constructing Anne Frank: Critical Literacy and the Holocaust in Eighth‐Grade English
Authors: Spector Karen , Jones Stephanie 
Published: September 2007

Using the assumption that texts actively work to position readers and readers actively work to position texts, the authors argue that moral lessons emerge from the interactions between texts, readers, and the ideological narratives that inspire both.After differentiating versions of Anne Frank's diary and explicating motives behind their construction, we explore ways that students' perspectives of Anne Frank impede robust understandings of the Holocaust, including enabling readers to preserve assumptions about Anne Frank as only optimistic and triumphant. Through critical literacy practices, the authors demonstrate how narrow perspectives of texts and readers can be interrupted through questioning about readers, authors, texts, and different versions of Anne Frank's diary. Teaching tips are provided, and the article concludes by discussing the importance of equipping students with critical literacy tools for reading the Holocaust in particular and for reading all texts more generally.
Predictors of Sexual Behavior among out-of-School Adolescents in Nigeria
Authors: Akinwande Oluyemisi , Brieger William R. 
Published: September 2007

Purpose: To examine the influence of specific demographic and socio-cognitive variables on reported condom use among out-of-school adolescents in Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional study on a community-based sample of 1698 sexually active out-of school adolescents in Oyo state, Nigeria. Data were collected using a non-validated questionnaire administered by an interviewer. Results: Nine percent of the sexually-active adolescents reported condom use during sexual intercourse in the past year. Findings of logistic regression showed that adolescents with adequate self-efficacy were seven times more likely to use condom. A two-fold increase in condom use was found in adolescents who value parents' opinion on condom use. Conclusion: Results suggest self-efficacy and parents' influence affect condom use among Nigerian adolescents.
Cover Picture: Influence of Plasma Stimulation on Si Nanowire Nucleation and Orientation Dependence (Adv. Mater. 18/2007)
Authors: Aella P. , Ingole S. , Petuskey W. T. , Picraux S. T. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractOn p. 2603, Tom Picraux and co‐workers report on the use of plasma excitation to strongly enhance the nucleation of Si nanowires by the vapor–liquid–solid growth method. This control allows the preferential formation of very small diameter [110] oriented nanowires, as well as significant enhancements in low temperature nanowire growth.
Gold(III) Chloride/Silver Triflate: A Highly Efficient Catalyst for Ring‐Opening Reaction of Aziridines with Electron‐Rich Arenes
Authors: Sun Xiaoyu , Sun Wei , Fan Renhua , Wu Jie 
Published: September 2007

AbstractGold(III) chloride/silver triflate was found to a highly efficient catalyst in the ring‐opening of aziridines with electron‐rich arenes and the desired β‐arylamines were afforded in good to excellent yields under mild reaction conditions.