bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the nitrogen fertilizer split-application on maize grain yield and profitability on Nitisols of South-Kivu, Eastern D.R. Congo
Authors: Zamukulu Patient M. , Bagula Espoir M. , Mondo Jean M. , Chuma Géant B. , Bulonza Gisèle M. , Mwaluke Sarah , Mugumaarhahama Yannick , Mwimangire Céphas B. , Cinyabuguma Eloïs L. , Lubobo Antoine K. , Mushagalusa Gustave N. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Soil depletion constitutes a major challenge for agriculture and food security in highlands of eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of the split-application of nitrogen fertilizer on grain yield and profitability of maize on Nitisols in eastern DRC. The urea fertilizer (100 kg ha
−1
) was applied in single, two, and three split-applications on three maize varieties for two cropping seasons. Results showed that maize growth and yield parameters varied significantly with N splitting strategy, varieties, and cropping season (
p
< 0.01). The single N application at the 45th day after sowing presented the highest grain yield (5.5 t ha
−1
) compared to split-applications for both cropping seasons. The variety 'ZM 627' had the highest grain yield in both seasons (5.4 and 5.8 t ha
−1
for 2017 and 2018 cropping seasons, respectively). The benefit–cost ratio analysis showed that single application was more profitable,
i.e.
1.63 USD kg
−1
of fertilizer compared to two (0.6 USD kg
−1
) and three splits (0.22 USD kg
−1
of fertilizer), though dependent on used varieties. The trend was the same for agronomic efficiency (AE); the single application yielded 11 kg kg
−1
of maize grains. In addition, the split applications resulted in additional labor costs. Results from this study do not, therefore, recommend the N splitting strategy for maize on South-Kivu Nitisols.
The Bell Jar: Sylvia Plath's first-person narrative of core elements for diagnosing and treating clinical depression
Authors: Carona Carlos , Atanázio Paula 
Published: February 2024

SUMMARY
The Bell Jar (1963) is a semi-autobiographical novel written by the confessional poet, novelist and short-story writer Sylvia Plath (1932–1963). It has been often cited as a recommended reading within the medical humanities, because of its powerful description of depression and the understanding-by-experience of the related psychiatric treatments. This brief article, primarily directed at the clinically oriented reader, presents a selection of excerpts from The Bell Jar to illustrate the main diagnostic features of clinical depression and the vital role of therapeutic relationship quality in hindering or facilitating treatment outcomes and recovery.
KIT ATP-Binding Pocket/Activation Loop Mutations in GI Stromal Tumor: Emerging Mechanisms of Kinase Inhibitor Escape
Authors: Mühlenberg Thomas , Falkenhorst Johanna , Schulz Tom , Fletcher Benjamin S. , Teuber Alina , Krzeciesa Dawid , Klooster Isabella , Lundberg Meijun , Wilson Lydia , Lategahn Jonas , von Mehren Margaret , Grunewald Susanne , Tüns Alicia Isabell , Wardelmann Eva , Sicklick Jason K. , Brahmi Mehdi , Serrano César , Schildhaus Hans-Ulrich , Sievers Sonja , Treckmann Jürgen , Heinrich Michael C. , Raut Chandrajit P. , Ou Wen-Bin , Marino-Enriquez Adrian , George Suzanne , Rauh Daniel , Fletcher Jonathan A. , Bauer Sebastian 
Published: February 2024

PURPOSE Imatinib resistance in GI stromal tumors (GISTs) is primarily caused by secondary KIT mutations, and clonal heterogeneity of these secondary mutations represents a major treatment obstacle. KIT inhibitors used after imatinib have clinical activity, albeit with limited benefit. Ripretinib is a potent inhibitor of secondary KIT mutations in the activation loop (AL). However, clinical benefit in fourth line remains limited and the molecular mechanisms of ripretinib resistance are largely unknown. PATIENTS AND METHODS Progressing lesions of 25 patients with GISTs refractory to ripretinib were sequenced for KIT resistance mutations. Resistant genotypes were validated and characterized using novel cell line models and in silico modeling. RESULTS GISTs progressing on ripretinib were enriched for secondary mutations in the ATP-binding pocket (AP), which frequently occur in cis with preexisting AL mutations, resulting in highly resistant AP/AL genotypes. AP/AL mutations were rarely observed in a cohort of progressing GIST samples from the preripretinib era but represented 50% of secondary KIT mutations in patients with tumors resistant to ripretinib. In GIST cell lines harboring secondary KIT AL mutations, the sole genomic escape mechanisms during ripretinib drug selection were AP/AL mutations. Ripretinib and sunitinib synergize against mixed clones with secondary AP or AL mutants but do not suppress clones with AP/AL genotypes. CONCLUSION Our findings underscore that KIT remains the central oncogenic driver even in late lines of GIST therapy. KIT-inhibitor combinations may suppress resistance because of secondary KIT mutations. However, the emergence of KIT AP/AL mutations after ripretinib treatment calls for new strategies in the development of next-generation KIT inhibitors.
Interfacial instabilities in confined displacements involving non-Newtonian fluids
Authors: Parmar Vaibhav Raj Singh , Bandyopadhyay Ranjini 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The growth of interfacial instabilities during fluid displacements can be driven by gradients in pressure, viscosity and surface tension, and by applying external fields. Since displacements of non-Newtonian fluids such as polymer solutions, colloidal and granular slurries are ubiquitous in natural and industrial processes, understanding the growth mechanisms and fully developed morphologies of interfacial patterns involving non-Newtonian fluids is extremely important. In this perspective, we focus on displacement experiments, wherein competitions between capillary, viscous, elastic and frictional forces drive the onset and growth of primarily viscous fingering instabilities in confined geometries. We conclude by highlighting several exciting open problems in this research area.
Anticipated Wait and Its Effects on Consumer Choice, Pricing, and Assortment Management
Authors: Wang Ruxian , Ke Chenxu , Zhao Zifeng 
Published: February 2024

Problem definition: We investigate the effects of waiting time, mainly due to production in a make-to-batch-order (MTBO) system, on consumer choice behavior, pricing, assortment, and model estimation. In an MTBO system, the seller/manufacturer first collects orders placed within a certain period of time into a batch and then starts the production process. After the production of all orders in a batch are complete, the products are then shipped and delivered to individual consumers. Because of batch production and shipping, the disutility of the waiting time exhibits negative externality. Methodology/results: We adopt the widely used multinomial logit (MNL) model as a starting point and incorporate the anticipated wait into consumers’ decision making. The derived model, referred to as the MNL with wait model, is a solution of the rational expectation equilibrium and is capable of capturing the effects of negative externality induced by anticipated wait that may change the substitution patterns dramatically. We characterize the multiproduct price optimization problem under the MNL with wait model by establishing a one-to-one mapping between the price vector and the choice probability vector. We find that firms tend to charge higher prices for time-consuming items and charge lower prices for time-saving items compared with the optimal prices under the standard MNL model. In addition to price competition, we also study the Cournot-type competition, in which the decision is the choice probability for each firm and establish the existence of a Nash equilibrium. For assortment optimization, we identify mild conditions under which the optimality of revenue-ordered assortments still holds. However, the assortment problem under the MNL with wait model is generally NP-hard, so we develop approximation algorithms with performance guarantees and provide an easy-to-compute tight upper bound. Moreover, we develop an efficient maximum likelihood-based algorithm for model calibration and further conduct numerical studies to showcase the importance of incorporating disutility due to wait in estimation, pricing, and assortment planning problems. Managerial implications: The MNL with wait model can increase prediction accuracy for consumers’ choice behavior especially when they are aware of the potential wait. Failure to take into account the effects of anticipated wait in firms’ decision making may lead to substantial losses. Funding: The research of C. Ke is supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant 72101113]. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2020.0346 .
Nursing interventions for dyspnoea management among inpatients with cancer in palliative care
Authors: Kero Johanna , Koivisto Jaana-Maija , Kuusisto Anne , Kesonen Pauliina , Haavisto Elina 
Published: February 2024

Background: Dyspnoea, a commonly reported symptom among patients with cancer, necessitates the need for appropriate non-pharmacological interventions for its management and suitable assessment scales. Aims: To explore the nursing interventions and assessment scales for managing dyspnoea in patients with cancer receiving palliative care. Methods: Systematic review. Five databases (CINAHL Complete, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) were searched, and seven studies were identified. Only studies that comprised randomised controlled trials (RCTs), non-randomised controlled trials or quasi-experimental settings were included. Findings: Nursing interventions, that support a patient's physical breathing and mental functioning, are effective in managing dyspnoea. It is crucial to use both subjective and physical assessment methods to accurately measure the outcomes of these interventions. Conclusion: These interventions have been proven to be effective, with outcomes centred on changes in physiological measurements and patients' subjective expressions.
Applications of the Zingiberaceae in traditional medicine among the Dayak Tamambaloh Tribe in Labian Ira'ang and Temau Villages, Kapuas Hulu District, Indonesia
Authors: SUPIANDI MARKUS IYUS , JULUNG HENDRIKUS , SUSANTI YUDITA , SYAFRUDDIN DIDIN , GANDASARI ADRIANA , MAHANAL SUSRIYATI , ZUBAIDAH SITI 
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Supiandi MI, Julung H, Susanti Y, Syafruddin D, Gandasari A, Mahanal S, Zubaidah S. 2024. Applications of the Zingiberaceae in traditional medicine among the Dayak Tamambaloh Tribe in Labian Ira'ang and Temau Villages, Kapuas Hulu District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 71-78. This indigenous knowledge remains largely undocumented, primarily in oral form and only possessed by specific individuals. Therefore, this study aimed to record the Zingiberaceae species systematically applied for traditional medicine by the Dayak Tamambaloh Tribe, Kapuas Hulu District, Indonesia through a qualitative descriptive method. Data were collected from informants and recommendation sources through different stages including a literature study, semi-structured interviews, field observations, and documentation, for subsequent analysis using descriptive methods. The results showed that Labian Ira'ang Village inhabitants utilize eight Zingiberaceae species, namely lengkuas (Alpinia galanga), lalamas (A. nieuwenhuizii), kunus baute (Curcuma zedoaria), kunus kuning (C. longa), tantamu kuning (C. xanthorhiza), sakur (Kaempferia galanga), japa (Zingiber montanum), and laia (Z. officinale). Meanwhile, the tribe in Temau reported nine species, including lqngkuas (A. galanga), kunus baute (C. zedoaria), kunus (C. longa), tantamu kuning (C. xanthorhiza), katimbang (Etlingera coccinea), randar (Hornstedtia havilandii), sakur (K. galanga), japa (Z. montanum), and laiya (Z. officinale). The results show the same types of plants used by people in Labian Ira'ang and Temau Villages, although the processing methods and uses differ. The difference is due to different experiences in gaining knowledge about using plants as traditional medicine.
The role of local pigs for economic and socio-cultural in East Flores District, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
Authors: Keray Arkadius Suban , Widiati Rini , Kusumastuti Tri Anggraeni 
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Keray AS, Widiati R, Kusumastuti TA. 2024. The role of local pigs for economic and socio-cultural in East Flores District, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 214-222. This study was conducted to identify the cultural activities related to swine rearing in East Flores District and analyze the decision making in choosing the types of rearing practice. Based on the survey using questionnaires from 120 pig farmers, which was conducted purposive, were those who had at least three sows for breeding, fattening with five heads of pigs, and combined with sows and sires. To identify the role of local pigs, as many as 3 informants consist of traditional leaders, farmers, and Agriculture Extension Officers, and analyzed by multinomial logistic regression model. The results showed that the traditional rituals that required the sacrifice of pigs included the ceremonies marking the start of building residential and traditional community buildings and dowry (belis) presentation in a wedding ceremony. The decision-making in choosing the rearing practice was influenced by pig ownership, care system (P<0.01), and income (P<0.05). Farmers who have small scale will choose extensive and fattening systems to reduce feed costs. Those practicing breeding are still maintaining local breeds because traditional rituals require it. Further efforts are needed to increase the populations of local breeds as well as cross-bred pigs to maintain the ceremonies in traditional rituals and income generation.
Airborne atmospheric carbon dioxide measurement using 1.5  µm laser double-pulse IPDA lidar over a desert area
Authors: Fan Chuncan , Yang Juxin , Liu Jiqiao , Bu Lingbing , Wang Qin , Wei Chong , Zhang Yang , Zhu Xiaopeng , Li Shiguang , Zang Huaguo , Chen Weibiao 
Published: February 2024

An integrated path differential absorption (IPDA) lidar can accurately measure regional CO2 weighted column average concentrations (XCO2), which are crucial for understanding the carbon cycle in climate change studies. To verify the performance and data inversion methods of space-borne IPDA lidar, in July 2021, we conducted an airborne lidar validation experiment in Dunhuang, Gansu Province, China. An aircraft was equipped with a lidar system developed to measure XCO2 and an in situ greenhouse gas analyzer (GGA). To minimize measurement errors, energy monitoring was optimized. The system bias error of the DAOD was determined by changing the laser output mode from the off/on to the on/on mode. The XCO2 inversion results obtained through comparing the schemes of averaging signals before “log (logarithm)” and averaging after “log” indicate that the former performs better. The IPDA lidar measured XCO2 over the validation site at 405.57 ppm, and both the IPDA lidar and GGA measured sudden changes in the CO2concentration. The assimilation data showed a similar trend according to the altitude to the data measured by the in situ instrument. A comparison of the mean XCO2 derived from the GGA results and assimilation data with the IPDA lidar measurements showed biases of 0.80 and 1.12 ppm, respectively.
Mapping the incidence rate of typhoid fever in sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Kim Jong-Hoon , Choi Jungsoon , Kim Chaelin , Pak Gi Deok , Parajulee Prerana , Haselbeck Andrea , Park Se Eun , Mogasale Vittal , Jeon Hyon Jin , Browne Annie J. , Owusu-Dabo Ellis , Rakotozandrindrainy Raphaël , Bassiahi Abdramane Soura , Teferi Mekonnen , Lunguya-Metila Octavie , Dolecek Christiane , Pitzer Virginia E. , Crump John A. , Hay Simon I. , Marks Florian 
Published: February 2024

Background
With more than 1.2 million illnesses and 29,000 deaths in sub-Saharan Africa in 2017, typhoid fever continues to be a major public health problem. Effective control of the disease would benefit from an understanding of the subnational geospatial distribution of the disease incidence.

Method
We collated records of the incidence rate of typhoid fever confirmed by culture of blood in Africa from 2000 to 2022. We estimated the typhoid incidence rate for sub-Saharan Africa on 20 km × 20 km grids by exploring the association with geospatial covariates representing access to improved water and sanitation, health conditions of the population, and environmental conditions.

Results
We identified six published articles and one pre-print representing incidence rate estimates in 22 sites in 2000–2022. Estimated incidence rates showed geospatial variation at sub-national, national, and regional levels. The incidence rate was high in Western and Eastern African subregions followed by Southern and Middle African subregions. By age, the incidence rate was highest among 5–14 yo followed by 2–4 yo, > 14 yo, and 0–1 yo. When aggregated across all age classes and grids that comprise each country, predicted incidence rates ranged from 43.7 (95% confidence interval: 0.6 to 591.2) in Zimbabwe to 2,957.8 (95% CI: 20.8 to 4,245.2) in South Sudan per 100,000 person-years. Sub-national heterogeneity was evident with the coefficient of variation at the 20 km × 20 km grid-level ranging from 0.7 to 3.3 and was generally lower in high-incidence countries and widely varying in low-incidence countries.

Conclusion
Our study provides estimates of 20 km × 20 km incidence rate of typhoid fever across sub-Saharan Africa based on data collected from 2000 through 2020. Increased understanding of the subnational geospatial variation of typhoid fever in Africa may inform more effective intervention programs by better targeting resources to heterogeneously disturbed disease risk.
Altered IL-7 signaling in CD4+ T cells from patients with visceral leishmaniasis
Authors: Kumar Shashi , Chauhan Shashi Bhushan , Upadhyay Shreya , Singh Siddharth Sankar , Verma Vimal , Kumar Rajiv , Engwerda Christian , Nylén Susanne , Sundar Shyam 
Published: February 2024

Background
CD4+ T cells play a central role in control of L. donovani infection, through IFN-γ production required for activation of macrophages and killing of intracellular parasites. Impaired control of parasites can in part be explained by hampered CD4+ T cells effector functions in visceral leishmaniasis (VL) patients. In a recent studies that defined transcriptional signatures for CD4+ T cells from active VL patients, we found that expression of the IL-7 receptor alpha chain (IL-7Rα; CD127) was downregulated, compared to CD4+ T cells from endemic controls (ECs). Since IL-7 signaling is critical for the survival and homeostatic maintenance of CD4+ T cells, we investigated this signaling pathway in VL patients, relative to ECs.

Methods
CD4+ T cells were enriched from peripheral blood collected from VL patients and EC subjects and expression of IL7 and IL7RA mRNA was measured by real time qPCR. IL-7 signaling potential and surface expression of CD127 and CD132 on CD4+ T cell was analyzed by multicolor flow cytometry. Plasma levels of soluble IL-7 and sIL-7Rα were measured by ELISA.

Result
Transcriptional profiling data sets generated previously from our group showed lower IL7RA mRNA expression in VL CD4+ T cells as compared to EC. A significant reduction was, however not seen when assessing IL7RA mRNA by RT-qPCR. Yet, the levels of soluble IL-7Rα (sIL-7Rα) were reduced in plasma of VL patients compared to ECs. Furthermore, the levels of soluble IL-7 were higher in plasma from VL patients compared to ECs. Interestingly, expression of the IL-7Rα protein was higher on VL patient CD4+ T cells as compared to EC, with activated CD38+ CD4+ T cells showing higher surface expression of IL-7Rα compared to CD38- CD4+ T cells in VL patients. CD4+ T cells from VL patients had higher signaling potential baseline and after stimulation with recombinant human IL-7 (rhIL-7) compared to EC, as measured by phosphorylation of STAT5 (pSTAT5). Interestingly, it was the CD38 negative cells that had the highest level of pSTAT5 in VL patient CD4+ T cells after IL-7 stimulation. Thus, despite unaltered or potentially lowered IL7RA mRNA expression by CD4+ T cells from VL patients, the surface expression of the IL-7Rα was higher compared to EC and increased pSTAT5 was seen following exposure to rhIL-7. Accordingly, IL-7 signaling appears to be functional and even enhanced in VL CD4+ T cells and cannot explain the impaired effector function of VL CD4+ T cells. The enhanced plasma IL-7 may serve as part of homeostatic feedback mechanism regulating IL7RA expression in CD4+ T cells.
Needs assessment of a pythiosis continuing professional development program
Authors: Leksuwankun Surachai , Plongla Rongpong , Eamrurksiri Nathanich , Torvorapanit Pattama , Phongkhun Kasidis , Langsiri Nattapong , Meejun Tanaporn , Srisurapanont Karan , Thanakitcharu Jaedvara , Lerttiendamrong Bhoowit , Thongkam Achitpol , Manothummetha Kasama , Chuleerarux Nipat , Moonla Chatphatai , Worasilchai Navaporn , Chindamporn Ariya , Permpalung Nitipong , Nematollahi Saman 
Published: February 2024

Background
Pythiosis is a rare disease with high mortality, with over 94% of cases reported from Thailand and India. Prompt diagnosis and surgery improves patient outcomes. Therefore, continuing professional development (CPD) is essential for early recognition. However, a needs assessment related to a pythiosis CPD program has not been performed.

Objectives
We conducted a needs assessment to develop a pythiosis CPD program.

Patients/Methods
We conducted a survey study with 267 King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital residents (141 internal medicine (IM) residents and 126 surgery residents). A 30-item survey consisting of a knowledge assessment, demographic section, and an attitudes portion was distributed both electronically and via paper. The data was analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics.

Results
Sixty-seven percent completed the survey (110/141 IM residents, 70/126 surgery residents). The mean score [95% confidence interval] on the knowledge assessment was 41.67% [39.64%-43.69%] across all objectives. The three domains with the highest scores were pythiosis risk factors (67.22% correct), microbiologic characteristics (50.83%), and radiographic interpretation (50.56%). The three domains with the lowest scores were laboratory investigation (15.00%), epidemiology (29.17%), and symptomatology (30.83%). Most participants noted that the program should be online with both synchronous and asynchronous sessions, with a preferred length of 60–90 minutes per session.

Conclusion
The pythiosis CPD program should emphasize education regarding symptomatology, laboratory investigation, and epidemiology, all of which are critical for the early detection of pythiosis to decrease mortality from this devastating disease. Most respondents felt this program was necessary and should be implemented in a virtual blended format.