bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coastal management based on multi-hazard assessment in the very small islands of Karimunjawa, Indonesia
Authors: Alwi Mulyadi , Mutaqin Bachtiar W. , Marfai Muh Aris 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Small islands are particularly vulnerable to climate change risks due to their geographical isolation from the mainland and limited resources. The development of coastal areas can efficiently address socio-economic and environmental objectives. An illustration of this is the coastal areas located on various small islands within the Karimunjawa Islands, which have attained considerable popularity among tourists. This study aims to analyze the distribution of multi-hazards arising from climate change and identify a suitable coastal environmental management strategy for implementation on the small islands of Karimunjawa. The variables encompass landform, wave exposure, tidal range, coastal ecosystems, sediment equilibrium, and storm climate. The findings reveal that the majority of coastal areas in Karimunjawa's small islands exhibit a moderate level of ecosystem disruption and coastal erosion, whereas the lower level includes gradual inundation, seawater intrusion, and coastal flooding. The elements of landform and sediment balance substantially influence the multi-hazard classification in this area. Coastal areas situated on steep landforms with a surplus of sediment typically exhibit a low multi-hazard classification, and vice versa. Possible management strategies to alleviate the impacts of ecosystem disruption encompass coastal zoning, ecosystem-based management, and inaction. Adopting a "do nothing" management strategy also effectively alleviates the effects of gradual inundation and coastal flooding. Also, using management strategies like growing Scaevola taccada and combining mangroves with structures that protect the coast can greatly lessen the effects of coastal erosion on areas that are more likely to be affected. If adequate resources are available, we can implement alternative management strategies such as the construction of seawalls, dikes, or revetments combined with breakwaters.
Can Chatbots Preserve Our Relationships with the Dead?
Authors: CAMPBELL STEPHEN M. , LIU PENGBO , NYHOLM SVEN 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT
Imagine that you are given access to an AI chatbot that compellingly mimics the personality and speech of a deceased loved one. If you start having regular interactions with this “thanabot,” could this new relationship be a continuation of the relationship you had with your loved one? And could a relationship with a thanabot preserve or replicate the value of a close human relationship? To the first question, we argue that a relationship with a thanabot cannot be a true continuation of your relationship with a deceased loved one, though it might support one’s continuing bonds with the dead. To the second question, we argue that, in and of themselves, relationships with thanabots cannot benefit us as much as rewarding and healthy intimate relationships with other humans, though we explain why it is difficult to make reliable comparative generalizations about the instrumental value of these relationships.
A qualitative exploration of owner experiences following dog adoption
Authors: Moyer Bethany Joy , Zulch Helen , Ventura Beth Ann , Burman Oliver 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The adjustment period — wherein adopted animals transition to their new home — is a critical time for animal welfare and owner satisfaction, yet literature varies in estimates of how long this period lasts in dogs. This study sought to better characterise the adjustment period in relation to owner experience and canine welfare and clarify its duration as perceived by owners. We used a qualitative approach to examine owner perceptions of duration and their experience of the adjustment period. Twenty-seven interviews were conducted and analysed using thematic content analysis. Six themes were described: adjustment period duration; behavioural indicators during adjustment; behaviours indicative of adjustment; factors influencing adjustment; owner change in routine; and adjustment concerns. Over half of participants perceived the adjustment period to last longer than four months. Behaviours used by owners to assess dog adjustment included: moderation of behavioural extremes (e.g. lethargy and restlessness); play; tail wagging; greeting; and learning their routine. Owners reported that prior experiences and medical needs impacted the adjustment duration, that they adjusted aspects of their lifestyle, and raised concerns about being the right fit for their dog. Future research should incorporate a longer time-frame to better understand how and when dogs adjust to a home, and as there is variation in dog behaviour during adjustment, it must also account for individual differences. As we develop a better understanding of how to characterise this period, adopters can be better prepared for the initial months of dog ownership, and interventions can be individualised to improve owner experience and dog welfare.
Emergency response in overturned pig transport vehicles: Description and discussion of Danish cases from a One Welfare perspective
Authors: Kobek-Kjeldager Cecilie , Dahl-Pedersen Kirstin , Herskin Mette S 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Based on experiences from stakeholders, this paper describes and discusses Danish emergency procedures when animal transport vehicles overturn, from a One Welfare perspective. Twenty qualitative interviews were conducted with selected stakeholders involved in emergency responses and their co-ordination. Results from interviews were extracted and are presented as a description of the Danish emergency management procedures in situations where pig transport vehicles overturn in a traffic accident. The description is followed by a discussion of six identified themes related to animal welfare and One Welfare in such situations: (1) Standard operating procedures; (2) Balancing animal welfare and work safety; (3) Roles, education and experience; (4) Communication, time and access to animals; (5) Debriefing; and (6) Killing of animals. Overall, the analyses of the interviews showed that the emergency response at an overturned pig transport vehicle involves different professional groups, requires technical knowledge regarding animal transport vehicles as well as knowledge of the species involved and how to handle the animals. The results are discussed from a One Welfare perspective, suggesting that these emergency responses include an inherent societal prioritisation dilemma involving the balancing of, for example, training, preparation and debriefing of different professional groups. Further research is needed to address ethical considerations, share best practices, and enhance emergency protocols.
The Necessity of a Health and Safety Officer in a Public Health Emergency Operations Center
Authors: Villarroel Lisa , Kenney Alicia , Stegemeyer Joshua , Eller Brian 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic response made extraordinary demands on the public health workforce. In response to national studies and local observations about trauma in public health personnel, the Arizona Department of Health Services (ADHS) broadened the scope of their Health Emergency Operations Center (HEOC) Safety Officer position to include not only physical, but mental, emotional, and workplace health and safety. The new Health and Safety Officer (HSO) began in August 2022 and served through the end of the COVID-19 activation. The HSO advocated for staff, counseled HEOC leadership, and validated leadership’s prioritization of the health and wellness of HEOC staff. The impact of the HSO was felt within the HEOC and beyond, and this position should be considered a cost-effective, meaningful intervention in all jurisdictions to protect public health personnel. The HSO position is now a permanent part of the ADHS HEOC.
Higher Orbital Integrals, Cyclic Cocycles and Noncommutative Geometry
Authors: Song Yanli , Tang Xiang 
Published: February 2025

AbstractLet G be a linear real reductive Lie group. Orbital integrals define traces on the group algebra of G. We introduce a construction of higher orbital integrals in the direction of higher cyclic cocycles on the Harish-Chandra Schwartz algebra of G. We analyze these higher orbital integrals via Fourier transform by expressing them as integrals on the tempered dual of G. We obtain explicit formulas for the pairing between the higher orbital integrals and the K-theory of the reduced group
$C^{*}$
-algebra, and we discuss their application to K-theory.
An efficient asymmetric removal lemma and its limitations
Authors: Gishboliner Lior , Shapira Asaf , Wigderson Yuval 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe triangle removal states that if G contains
$\varepsilon n^2$
edge-disjoint triangles, then G contains
$\delta (\varepsilon )n^3$
triangles. Unfortunately, there are no sensible bounds on the order of growth of
$\delta (\varepsilon )$
, and at any rate, it is known that
$\delta (\varepsilon )$
is not polynomial in
$\varepsilon $
. Csaba recently obtained an asymmetric variant of the triangle removal, stating that if G contains
$\varepsilon n^2$
edge-disjoint triangles, then G contains
$2^{-\operatorname {\mathrm {poly}}(1/\varepsilon )}\cdot n^5$
copies of
$C_5$
. To this end, he devised a new variant of Szemerédi’s regularity lemma. We obtain the following results: •We first give a regularity-free proof of Csaba’s theorem, which improves the number of copies of
$C_5$
to the optimal number
$\operatorname {\mathrm {poly}}(\varepsilon )\cdot n^5$
.•We say that H is
$K_3$
-abundant if every graph containing
$\varepsilon n^2$
edge-disjoint triangles has
$\operatorname {\mathrm {poly}}(\varepsilon )\cdot n^{\lvert V(H)\rvert }$
copies of H. It is easy to see that a
$K_3$
-abundant graph must be triangle-free and tripartite. Given our first result, it is natural to ask if all triangle-free tripartite graphs are
$K_3$
-abundant. Our second result is that assuming a well-known conjecture of Ruzsa in additive number theory, the answer to this question is negative.Our proofs use a mix of combinatorial, number-theoretic, probabilistic and Ramsey-type arguments.
Epistemic Deprivation
Authors: Newey Charlotte A. , Rennick Stephanie 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
It is often claimed that gender data gaps (GDGs) are unjust, but the nature of the injustice has not been interrogated. We argue that injustices arising from such data gaps are not merely socio-political but also epistemic: they arbitrarily skew the epistemic landscape in favour of one group over another. GDGs place a greater epistemic burden on women and gender minorities; they have to do more to avoid error and the pay-off is worse: they have a smaller pool of true beliefs on which to act. We suggest that there are both pragmatic and conceptual reasons to differentiate the injustice arising from GDGs from other more familiar varieties (such as testimonial and hermeneutical injustice), and so we introduce the new concept of epistemic deprivation to capture this injustice.
Ontogenetic morphology changes in a crab assemblage (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, Dakoticancroida) from the Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) of the Mississippi Embayment, USA
Authors: Schweitzer Carrie E. , Feldmann Rodney M. , Findling Jillian 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Differences in brachyuran morphology among and between juveniles and adults as well as sexual dimorphism are not well studied among extinct brachyuran crabs. Carapace dimorphism and morphological changes during growth have received little attention in fossil crabs. Tetracarcinus subquadratus Weller, 1905, Dakoticancer australis Rathbun, 1935, and Seorsus wadei Bishop, 1988 are herein synonymized on the basis of examination of dozens to hundreds of specimens of each from the same locality. Synoriacarcinus new genus is named to embrace two species previously referred to Seorsus Bishop, 1988, Synoriacarcinus millerae (Bishop, 1992), new combination, and Synoriacarcinus kauffmani (Feldmann et al., 2013), new combination. Both Dakoticancridae and Ibericancridae were well established on coastal North America during the Late Cretaceous but became extinct in the end-Cretaceous event.
UUID: http://zoobank.org/2eab7247-6235-435d-8eb1-b40d5a633e2b
“The Melancholy of Women’s Pages”: Readers, Features, and the Rise of Ad-Sponsored Media
Authors: Guarneri Julia 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Around the turn of the twentieth century, U.S. newspapers began to address women specifically in separate sections, hoping to gather a female audience for advertisers. Scholarship on early twentieth-century women consumers tends to emphasize possibility and self-expression. Women’s reactions to the first women’s pages, by contrast, indicate that they could feel constrained and condescended to when welcomed into the public sphere on the basis of being consumers. Readers and journalists aired their grievances about the women’s page in its first decades, and sometimes found ways to use the page to their own ends. But publishers carried on designing women’s features with advertisers in mind. By the 1920s, the women’s page had become visually seductive, didactic, domestic, and relentlessly consumerist. This article uses the women’s page to investigate the rise of ad-subsidized media in the twentieth century and to weigh up the opportunities and costs of this media system.
How Does Shaming Human Rights Violators Abroad Shape Attitudes at Home?
Authors: Bassan-Nygate Lotem 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Does shaming human rights violators shape attitudes at home? A growing literature studies the effect of shaming on public attitudes in the target state, but far less is known about its effect in countries initiating the criticism – that is the shamers. In this article, I theorize that when governments shame human rights violators they shape both government approval and human rights attitudes at home. Utilizing two US-based survey experiments, I demonstrate that by shaming foreign countries, governments can improve their image at home and virtue signal their dedication to human rights. At the same time, shaming can modestly shape tolerance towards certain domestic human rights violations. I consider the generalizability of my results through comprehensive supplementary analyses, where experimental insights are corroborated with cross-national observational data. Overall, my findings can provide valuable insight into governments’ incentives to engage in foreign criticism.
Mean values of multiplicative functions and applications to residue-class distribution
Authors: Pollack Paul , Singha Roy Akash 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We provide a uniform bound on the partial sums of multiplicative functions under very general hypotheses. As an application, we give a nearly optimal estimate for the count of

$n \le x$

for which the Alladi–Erdős function

$A(n) = \sum_{p^k \parallel n} k p$

takes values in a given residue class modulo q, where q varies uniformly up to a fixed power of

$\log x$

. We establish a similar result for the equidistribution of the Euler totient function

$\phi(n)$

among the coprime residues to the ‘correct’ moduli q that vary uniformly in a similar range and also quantify the failure of equidistribution of the values of

$\phi(n)$

among the coprime residue classes to the ‘incorrect’ moduli.
A wideband biconic shape metasurface for polarization conversion and radar cross-section reduction
Authors: Kanwal Haseeba , Kamal Babar , Ullah Sadiq , Shihzad Waleed , Ali Usman , Aziz Amjad , Faraz Zakriya 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
A single-layer polarization converting metasurface (PCMS) with wideband is presented for polarization conversion and radar cross-section (RCS) reduction. The proposed PCMS is composed of metallic biconic shape resonator imprinted on a metal-backed F4BM dielectric substrate of relative permittivity 2.2 and loss tangent 0.001. The unit cell has a compact size of 0.16

$\lambda_\mathrm{o} \times 0.16\lambda_\mathrm{o}$

. A comprehensive parametric analysis, angular sensitivity study, bistatic and monostatic RCS analysis are conducted by illuminating the proposed PCMS using linearly polarized (LP) plane waves. The PCMS converts LP electromagnetic waves to their orthogonal polarization state in the frequency band of 8.7–24.8 GHz resulting in polarization conversion ratio over 90% with a fractional bandwidth of 96%. Additionally, the developed structure is applied in chessboard configuration, using phase cancellation techniques for RCS reduction, that achieve 10 dB RCS reduction across a wideband of 7.9–23.4 GHz. The unit cell and its rotated version has a cross-polarization reflection phase difference of (

${180}\pm {37}{^\circ}$

) in the operating band, which fulfill the criteria for RCS reduction. The chessboard configuration exhibits a scattering pattern with four strong lobes that deviates from the normal incident path because of the phase cancellation in normal direction. The experimental results are in good agreement with the simulated result. Applications for the developed structure include antenna design (gain enhancement and beam steering), target hiding, imaging, and microwave communications.
Drink-Driving and its Associations with Sociodemographic Characteristics and Alcohol Consumption in Germany
Authors: Kale Dimitra , Buss Vera Helen , Garnett Claire , Kastaun Sabrina , Kotz Daniel 
Published: February 2025

Abstract: Aims: To assess the prevalence of drink-driving among adults in Germany and subgroups, and potential associations with sociodemographic or drinking characteristics. Methodology: Cross-sectional population survey of 5,153 respondents aged 18+ years in Germany (June–November 2021). We assessed self-reported drink-driving, defined as, in the past month, driving a motorised vehicle within 1 hour of consuming 2 or more alcoholic beverages. Regression models were used to examine sociodemographic and drinking characteristics associations with self-reported drink-driving among adults in Germany who drank alcohol and reported driving a motorised vehicle in the past month. Results: The prevalence of self-reported drink-driving was 4.1 % (95 % CI 3.6–4.7) among adults in Germany, and 5.7 % (95 % CI 5.0–6.5) among adults who were alcohol users and reported driving a motorised vehicle in the past month. Lower odds of drink-driving were found for women vs men (adjusted odds ratio (ORadj) = 0.63, 95 % CI 0.45–0.88), people with low vs middle income (ORadj = 0.82, 95 % CI 0.72–0.94), people living in rural vs urban areas (ORadj = 0.38, 95 % CI 0.27–0.54), and people consuming low vs medium alcohol levels (ORadj = 0.28, 95 % CI 0.18–0.44). There was no clear association with age or education level. Conclusions: Roughly 4 in 100 adults drank and drove in the past month in Germany. This is a public health issue requiring further study and potentially more targeted interventions.
A cosmogenic 10Be anomaly during the late Miocene as independent time marker for marine archives
Authors: Koll Dominik , Lachner Johannes , Beutner Sabrina , Fichter Sebastian , Merchel Silke , Rugel Georg , Slavkovská Zuzana , Vivo-Vilches Carlos , Winkler Stella , Wallner Anton 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Cosmogenic nuclide dating relies on the constancy of production and incorporation of radionuclides in geological archives. Anomalous deviations from constancy during the Holocene or Pleistocene are frequently used as global benchmarks to harmonize different data sets. A similar dating anchor on the million year timescale was so far not presented. In this work, we report on a prolonged cosmogenic 10Be anomaly during the late Miocene recorded in several Central and Northern Pacific deep-ocean ferromanganese crusts in the time period 9–11.5 Myr ago peaking at 10.1 Myr. Potential origins of this anomaly are discussed in the light of geological, climatic, solar and astrophysical events. This anomaly has the potential to be an independent time marker for marine archives.
Optimal low-depth quantum signal-processing phase estimation
Authors: Dong Yulong , Gross Jonathan A. , Niu Murphy Yuezhen 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Quantum effects like entanglement and coherent amplification can be used to drastically enhance the accuracy of quantum parameter estimation beyond classical limits. However, challenges such as decoherence and time-dependent errors hinder Heisenberg-limited amplification. We introduce Quantum Signal-Processing Phase Estimation algorithms that are robust against these challenges and achieve optimal performance as dictated by the Cramér-Rao bound. These algorithms use quantum signal transformation to decouple interdependent phase parameters into largely orthogonal ones, ensuring that time-dependent errors in one do not compromise the accuracy of learning the other. Combining provably optimal classical estimation with near-optimal quantum circuit design, our approach achieves a standard deviation accuracy of 10−4 radians for estimating unwanted swap angles in superconducting two-qubit experiments, using low-depth ( < 10) circuits. This represents up to two orders of magnitude improvement over existing methods. Theoretically and numerically, we demonstrate the optimality of our algorithm against time-dependent phase errors, observing that the variance of the time-sensitive parameter φ scales faster than the asymptotic Heisenberg scaling in the small-depth regime. Our results are rigorously validated against the quantum Fisher information, confirming our protocol’s ability to achieve unmatched precision for two-qubit gate learning.
A year above 1.5 °C signals that Earth is most probably within the 20-year period that will reach the Paris Agreement limit
Authors: Bevacqua Emanuele , Schleussner Carl-Friedrich , Zscheischler Jakob 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The temperature goals of the Paris Agreement are measured as 20-year averages exceeding a pre-industrial baseline. The calendar year of 2024 was announced as the first above 1.5 °C relative to pre-industrial levels, but the implications for the corresponding temperature goal are unclear. Here we show that, without very stringent climate mitigation, the first year above 1.5 °C occurs within the first 20-year period with an average warming of 1.5 °C.
Spin–valley protected Kramers pair in bilayer graphene
Authors: Denisov Artem O. , Reckova Veronika , Cances Solenn , Ruckriegel Max J. , Masseroni Michele , Adam Christoph , Tong Chuyao , Gerber Jonas D. , Huang Wei Wister , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Ihn Thomas , Ensslin Klaus , Duprez Hadrien 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The intrinsic valley degree of freedom makes bilayer graphene (BLG) a unique platform for semiconductor qubits. The single-carrier quantum dot (QD) ground state exhibits a twofold degeneracy, where the two states that constitute a Kramers pair have opposite spin and valley quantum numbers. Because of the valley-dependent Berry curvature, an out-of-plane magnetic field breaks the time-reversal symmetry of this ground state and a qubit can be encoded in the spin–valley subspace. The Kramers states are protected against known spin- and valley-mixing mechanisms because mixing requires a simultaneous change of the two quantum numbers. Here, we fabricate a tunable QD device in Bernal BLG and measure a spin–valley relaxation time for the Kramers states of 38 s at 30 mK, which is two orders of magnitude longer than the 0.4 s measured for purely spin-blocked states. We also show that the intrinsic Kane–Mele spin–orbit splitting enables a Kramers doublet single-shot readout even at zero magnetic field with a fidelity above 99%. If these long-lived Kramers states also possess long coherence times and can be effectively manipulated, electrostatically defined QDs in BLG may serve as long-lived semiconductor qubits, extending beyond the spin qubit paradigm.