bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Cytotoxic Studies of Pyrrole and Pyrrolidine Derivatives in Human Tumor Cell Lines
Authors: Lino Cleudiomar Inácio , Freitas Túlio Resende , Villarreal Jesus Alberto Avendaño , dos Santos Eduardo Nicolau , Lula Ivana , de Paula Sabino Adriano , Maltarollo Vinícius Gonçalves , de Oliveira Renata Barbosa 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHeterocyclic compounds such as pyrrole and pyrrolidine derivatives have a broad spectrum of biological activity, being widely used as pharmacophore to design novel bioactive compounds. In this work, sixteen pyrrole and pyrrolidine derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their growth inhibitory activity on two human cancer cells lines: breast cancer MDA‐MB‐231 and chronic myelogenous leukemia (K562). Eight compounds showed activity against at least one tumor cell line (IC50=49.15–195.9 μM). The compounds were tested in non‐cancerous human lung fibroblasts WI‐26VA4 to evaluate their selectivity index. In addition, Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) studies were carried out in attempt to establish a structure‐activity relationship.
Effect of LLZTO Tablet Pressing Process on Electrochemical Properties of Button Batteries
Authors: Xu Zexian , Zhu Wen , Liu Wenbo , Chen Ken , Wu Yueyang , Zhu Jiawei , Yang Yufei , Li Wenfang , Li Kang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe garnet‐type Li6.4La3Zr1.4Ta0.6O12 (LLZTO) is a widely studied solid‐state electrolytes (SSEs) due to its high ionic conductivity and electrochemical stability. However, the conventional preparation process of LLZTO electrolyte tablets has encountered several issues such as powder embedment in the mold gaps and inadequate bonding between powders, leading to fragile electrolyte tablets that are prone to cracking. In this study, the effects of LLZTO electrolyte tablet pressing process parameters, including mixed powder content, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) content and cold pressing pressure, on the electrochemical properties of button cells were investigated. The results indicated that the produced solid‐state electrolyte tablets with high quality, low interfacial resistance and low surface passivation layer (Li2CO3) content was obtained by using 0.8 g of mixed powder content, 0.7 g of PVA content and 20Mpa pressure. The interface resistance decreased from 2927.1 Ω to 1069.7 Ω under these conditions. Additionally, the Li symmetric cell treated with adhesive exhibited stable cycling for over 400 hours at 25 °C under a current density of 0.1 mA ⋅ cm−2.
Vacancy Engineering in 2D Transition Metal Chalcogenide Photocatalyst: Structure Modulation, Function and Synergy Application
Authors: Jiang Yi , Sun Haibo , Guo Jiayin , Liang Yunshan , Qin Pufeng , Yang Yuan , Luo Lin , Leng Lijian , Gong Xiaomin , Wu Zhibin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTransition metal chalcogenides (TMCs) are widely used in photocatalytic fields such as hydrogen evolution, nitrogen fixation, and pollutant degradation due to their suitable bandgaps, tunable electronic and optical properties, and strong reducing ability. The unique 2D malleability structure provides a pre‐designed platform for customizable structures. The introduction of vacancy engineering makes up for the shortcomings of photocorrosion and limited light response and provides the greatest support for TMCs in terms of kinetics and thermodynamics in photocatalysis. This work reviews the effect of vacancy engineering on photocatalytic performance based on 2D semiconductor TMCs. The characteristics of vacancy introduction strategies are summarized, and the development of photocatalysis of vacancy engineering TMCs materials in energy conversion, degradation, and biological applications is reviewed. The contribution of vacancies in the optical range and charge transfer kinetics is also discussed from the perspective of structure manipulation. Vacancy engineering not only controls and optimizes the structure of the TMCs, but also improves the optical properties, charge transfer, and surface properties. The synergies between TMCs vacancy engineering and atomic doping, other vacancies, and heterojunction composite techniques are discussed in detail, followed by a summary of current trends and potential for expansion.
Synthesis of Nanosized γ‐Cyclodextrin Metal‐Organic Frameworks as Carriers of Limonene for Fresh‐Cut Fruit Preservation Based on Polycaprolactone Nanofibers
Authors: Qin Zeyu , Jiang Qinbo , Zou Yucheng , Chen Meiyu , Li Jiawen , Li Yang , Zhang Hui 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTo address the issue of bacterial growth on fresh‐cut fruits, this paper reports the synthesis of nanosized γ‐cyclodextrin metal‐organic frameworks (CD‐MOFs) using an ultrasound‐assisted method and their application as carriers of limonene for antibacterial active packaging. The effects of the processing parameters on the morphology and crystallinity of the CD‐MOFs are investigated, and the results prove that the addition of methanol is the key to producing nanosized CD‐MOFs. The limonene loading content of the nanosized CD‐MOFs can reach approximately 170 mg g−1. The sustained‐release behaviors of limonene in the CD‐MOFs are evaluated. Molecular docking simulations reveal the distribution and binding sites of limonene in the CD‐MOFs. CD‐MOFs are deposited on the surfaces of polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibers via an immersion method, and limonene‐loaded CD‐MOF@PCL nanofibers are prepared. The morphology, crystallinity, thermal stability, mechanical properties, and antibacterial activity of the nanofibers are also studied. The nanofiber film effectively inhibits bacterial growth and prolongs the shelf life of fresh‐cut apples. This study provides a novel strategy for developing antibacterial active packaging materials based on CD‐MOFs and PCL nanofibers.
Heat‐Localized and Salt‐Resistant 3D Hierarchical Porous Ceramic Platform for Efficient Solar‐Driven Interfacial Evaporation
Authors: Liu Yumin , Tan Xinming , Liu Zhiwei , Zeng Erqi , Mei Jianxing , Jiang Yun , Li Pengzhang , Sun Weiwei , Zhao Wenyan , Tian Chuanjin , Dong Yanhao , Xie Zhipeng , Wang Chang‐An 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSolar‐driven interfacial evaporation (SDIE) is a highly promising approach to achieve sustainable desalination and tackle the global freshwater crisis. Despite advancements in this field, achieving balanced thermal localization and salt resistance remains a challenge. Herein, the study presents a 3D hierarchical porous ceramic platform for SDIE applications. The utilized alumina foam ceramics (AFCs) exhibit remarkable corrosion resistance and chemical stability, ensuring a prolonged operational lifespan in seawater or brines. The millimeter‐scale air‐filled pores in AFCs prevent thermal losses through conduction with bulk water, resulting in heat‐localized interfaces. The hydrophilic nature of macroporous AFC skeletons facilitates rapid water replenishment on the evaporating surface for effective salt‐resistant desalination. Benefiting from its self‐radiation adsorption and side‐assisted evaporation capabilities, the AFC‐based evaporators exhibit high indoor evaporation rates of 2.99 and 3.54 kg m−2 h−1 under one‐sided and three‐sided illumination under 1.0 sun, respectively. The AFC‐based evaporator maintains a high evaporation rate of ≈2.77 kg m−2 h−1 throughout the 21‐day long‐term test. Furthermore, it achieves a daily water productivity of ≈10.44 kg m−2 in outdoor operations. This work demonstrates the potential of 3D hierarchical porous ceramics in addressing the trade‐off between heat localization and salt resistance, and contributes to the development of durable solar steam generators.
Flexible retinomorphic vision sensors with scotopic and photopic adaptation for a fully flexible neuromorphic machine vision system
Authors: Shi Lei , Shi Ke , Zhang Zhi‐Cheng , Li Yuan , Wang Fu‐Dong , Si Shu‐Han , Liu Zhi‐Bo , Lu Tong‐Bu , Chen Xu‐Dong , Zhang Jin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBioinspired neuromorphic machine vision system (NMVS) that integrates retinomorphic sensing and neuromorphic computing into one monolithic system is regarded as the most promising architecture for visual perception. However, the large intensity range of natural lights and complex illumination conditions in actual scenarios always require the NMVS to dynamically adjust its sensitivity according to the environmental conditions, just like the visual adaptation function of the human retina. Although some opto‐sensors with scotopic or photopic adaption have been developed, NMVSs, especially fully flexible NMVSs, with both scotopic and photopic adaptation functions are rarely reported. Here we propose an ion‐modulation strategy to dynamically adjust the photosensitivity and time‐varying activation/inhibition characteristics depending on the illumination conditions, and develop a flexible ion‐modulated phototransistor array based on MoS2/graphdiyne heterostructure, which can execute both retinomorphic sensing and neuromorphic computing. By controlling the intercalated Li+ ions in graphdiyne, both scotopic and photopic adaptation functions are demonstrated successfully. A fully flexible NMVS consisting of front‐end retinomorphic vision sensors and a back‐end convolutional neural network is constructed based on the as‐fabricated 28 × 28 device array, demonstrating quite high recognition accuracies for both dim and bright images and robust flexibility. This effort for fully flexible and monolithic NMVS paves the way for its applications in wearable scenarios.
Micromechanical Indentation Platform for Rapid Analysis of Viscoelastic Biomolecular Hydrogels
Authors: Lemke Phillip , Moench Svenja , Jäger Paula S. , Oelschlaeger Claude , Rabe Kersten S. , Domínguez Carmen M. , Niemeyer Christof M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe advent of biomedical applications of soft bioinspired materials has entailed an increasing demand for streamlined and expedient characterization methods meant for both research and quality control objectives. Here, a novel measurement system for the characterization of biological hydrogels with volumes as low as 75 µL was developed. The system is based on an indentation platform equipped with micrometer drive actuators that allow the determination of both the fracture points and Young's moduli of relatively stiff polymers, including agarose, as well as the measurements of viscosity for exceptionally soft and viscous hydrogels, such as DNA hydrogels. The sensitivity of the method allows differentiation between DNA hydrogels produced by rolling circle amplification based on different template sequences and synthesis protocols. In addition, the polymerization kinetics of the hydrogels can be determined by time‐resolved measurements, and the apparent viscosities of even more complex DNA‐based nanocomposites can be measured. The platform presented here thus offers the possibility to characterize a broad variety of soft biomaterials in a targeted, fast, and cost‐effective manner, holding promises for applications in fundamental materials science and ensuring reproducibility in the handling of complex materials.
Effect of Raw and Cooked Green Bananas on Cecal Fermentation Characteristics in Rats
Authors: Nagata Ryuji , Fukuma Naoki , Hashimoto Naoto , Shimada Kenichiro , Nakayama Yasunori , Han Kyu‐Ho , Fukushima Michihiro 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRaw and cooked (autoclaved) green bananas are fed to rats for 4 weeks and their effects on cecal microbiota and biomarkers of fermentation are evaluated and compared with those of potato starch, which is rich in RS. Relative abundances of genera Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group and Roseburia, and species Bifidobacterium pseudolongum in rat cecum are higher in the raw green banana group with higher RS consumption than in the control group. The raw green banana group shows higher cecal acetate production and similarly high levels of cecal n‐butyrate production than that in the potato starch group. In the autoclaved green banana group, the cecal microbial composition is altered and the relative abundance of family Ruminococcaceae increased. Additionally, the molar proportion of n‐butyrate in the cecum of the autoclaved green banana group is higher than that in the control group. The levels of cecal mucin and IgA in the raw green banana and potato starch groups are found to be higher compared to those observed in the control and autoclaved green banana groups. Therefore, raw and autoclaved green bananas can alter cecal microbial composition and thus exhibit beneficial intestinal fermentation characteristics.
Sex differences in Alzheimer's disease blood biomarkers in a Caribbean population of African ancestry: The Tobago Health Study
Authors: Rosano Caterina , Karikari Thomas K. , Cvejkus Ryan , Bellaver Bruna , Ferreira Pamela C. L. , Zmuda Joseph , Wheeler Victor , Pascoal Tharick A. , Miljkovic Iva 
Published: April 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONAlzheimer's disease (AD) is increasing in the Caribbean, especially for persons of African ancestry (PAA) and women. However, studies have mostly utilized surveys without AD biomarkers.METHODSIn the Tobago Health Study (n = 309; 109 women, mean age 70.3 ± 6.6), we assessed sex differences and risk factors for serum levels of phosphorylated tau‐181 (p‐tau181), amyloid‐beta (Aβ)42/40 ratio, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and neurofilament light chain (NfL). Blood samples were from 2010 to 2013 for men and from 2019 to 2023 for women.RESULTSWomen were more obese, hypertensive, and sedentary but reported less smoking and alcohol use than men (age‐adjusted p < 0.04). Compared to men, women had worse levels of AD biomarkers, with higher p‐tau181 and lower Aβ42/40, independent of covariates (p < 0.001). In sex‐stratified analyses, higher p‐tau181 was associated with older age in women and with hypertension in men. GFAP and NfL did not differ by sex.DISCUSSIONWomen had worse AD biomarkers than men, unexplained by age, cardiometabolic diseases, or lifestyle. Studying risk factors for AD in PAA is warranted, especially for women earlier in life.
Cricoarytenoid joint ankylosis in four miniature English bull terriers
Authors: Henderson Claire , Hattersley Rachel , Nelissen Pieter 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis short case series describes four young adult miniature English bull terriers that presented with dyspnoea and marked inspiratory stridor as a consequence of cricoarytenoid joint ankylosis. Upper airway examinations in all four dogs documented absent abduction of the arytenoid cartilages bilaterally and a narrow rima glottis. Arytenoid lateralisation was attempted in all four dogs, but there was no increase in the cross‐sectional area of the rima glottis in any dog due to an apparent ankylosis of the cricoarytenoid joint. Three dogs were successfully managed with permanent tracheostomy (with minor post‐operative complications encountered in one dog and major post‐operative complications encountered in another), but the owner of the fourth dog elected for euthanasia.
Recurrent neural networks and sensitivity analysis for accurate monthly evapotranspiration estimation in the region of Fez, Morocco
Authors: Lachgar Nisrine , Berrajaa Achraf , Essabbar Moad , Saikouk Hajar 
Published: April 2024

AbstractGood water management is essential, including addressing water scarcity, which is exacerbated by climate change and increasing food demand due to population growth. In modern era of high technology, artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things have an important role to play in decision‐making approaches. According to hydro‐agrological studies, an accurate assessment of evapotranspiration is necessary for irrigation control, and to have an in‐depth understanding of the environmental factor interactions, a sensitivity analysis should be carried out. One of the tools, alongside empirical equations, is artificial intelligence for time‐series prediction. Thus, we compared several models for Penman–Monteith ET0 estimation to see which one performs better in the arid area of Morocco using meteorological data from the region of Fes. They were evaluated according to the MSE, RMSE, MAE, MAPE, and R2 and the variance of error distribution to show the performances of linear regression, K‐Nearest Neighbor, decision tree, random forest, support vector regression, long short‐term memory, and artificial neural network. According to the findings, LSTM outperformed the models with satisfactory results and an accuracy rate of 99.82%. An underlying mechanism of sensitivity analysis was also introduced to find the contribution of each element and estimate the target with a limited dataset. The findings show satisfactory results of R2 = 98.97%. The distribution and reliability of the prediction were proven using the Taylor diagram and Kruskal–Wallis test for the effectiveness of the study. This research demonstrates the potential of employing data‐driven techniques for evapotranspiration estimation to improve the efficacy of water management strategies. This will help to address present issues and establish sustainable water practices in the face of changing environmental conditions.
Live‐cell fluorescence imaging and optogenetic control of PKA kinase activity in fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe
Authors: Sakai Keiichiro , Aoki Kazuhiro , Goto Yuhei 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe cAMP‐PKA signaling pathway plays a crucial role in sensing and responding to nutrient availability in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. This pathway monitors external glucose levels to control cell growth and sexual differentiation. However, the temporal dynamics of the cAMP‐PKA pathway in response to external stimuli remains unclear mainly due to the lack of tools to quantitatively visualize the activity of the pathway. Here, we report the development of the kinase translocation reporter (KTR)‐based biosensor spPKA‐KTR1.0, which allows us to measure the dynamics of PKA activity in fission yeast cells. The spPKA‐KTR1.0 is derived from the transcription factor Rst2, which translocates from the nucleus to the cytoplasm upon PKA activation. We found that spPKA‐KTR1.0 translocates between the nucleus and cytoplasm in a cAMP‐PKA pathway‐dependent manner, indicating that the spPKA‐KTR1.0 is a reliable indicator of the PKA activity in fission yeast cells. In addition, we implemented a system that simultaneously visualizes and manipulates the cAMP‐PKA signaling dynamics by introducing bPAC, a photoactivatable adenylate cyclase, in combination with spPKA‐KTR1.0. This system offers an opportunity for investigating the role of the signaling dynamics of the cAMP‐PKA pathway in fission yeast cells with higher temporal resolution.
Poiseuille flow of Carreau‐Yasuda fluid at variable pressure gradient
Authors: Kutev Nilolay , Tabakova Sonia 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe unsteady Poiseuille flow of Carreau‐Yasuda fluid in a pipe, caused by a variable pressure gradient, is studied theoretically. As a special case, the steady flow is considered separately. It is proved that at some values of the viscosity model parameters, the problem has a generalized solution, while at others ‐ a classical solution. For the latter, a necessary and sufficient condition is found, which depends on the maximum pressure gradient and the Carreau‐Yasuda model parameters.
Land Reform, Conflict and Local Development on “Grande Terre”
Authors: Batterbury Simon P. J. , Kowasch Matthias , Arroyas Aurélie 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNew Caledonia-Kanaky has operated customary and European models of land tenure in parallel for almost 170 years, since the early days of colonisation when francophone governance was imposed to enable settlement, and Kanak populations on prime agricultural were forcibly displaced onto “reserves”. This “historic dualism” has been at the heart of lengthy political discussion and the demands of the Kanak independence movement to reclaim its land and sovereignty. While debates about the development of customary land continue in times of political uncertainty, since the late 1970s re-allocation of land to Kanak clans by the state, latterly through the Agence de développement rural et d’aménagement foncier (ADRAF), has been substantial. We assess this process, offering two examples from the Northern Province where land conflicts remain and where “modern” development has taken place on customary land now controlled by clans, under their stewardship. This partial integration into the market economy has addressed many, but not all, of the problems of “historic dualism”.
Has “White Nouméa” Become More Kanak?
Authors: Pantz Pierre-Christophe 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDuring the entire period of the “Code de l’Indigénat” (Indigenous Code applied between 1887 and 1946), the Indigenous Kanak people were excluded from the capital city of the New Caledonian archipelago. With this city ban, the colonial administration contributed to the long-term marginalisation of the Kanak presence in Nouméa. In the aftermath of World War II and after the departure of American troops from the territory (1946), Nouméa resembled a small French regional town, without any real Pacific identity, and was thus nicknamed “White Nouméa” (in French “Nouméa la Blanche”). There was no sign at that time of the extraordinary demographic shift that would be underway in New Caledonia, and more specifically in the city of Nouméa, throughout the second half of the twentieth century.This urban expansion was accompanied by ethnic redistribution in the city. After the institutional process of decolonisation that lasted for almost 20 years, the Kanak presence in the city (one inhabitant in four) became indisputable from a demographic point of view. Yet, the continuing urban marginalisation of Kanak people shows the limits of the framework that was extolled on signing the Nouméa Accord (1998) for living together and sharing a “common destiny”. The persistence of acute spatial, social and political inequalities raises the question of the place of the Indigenous people in Nouméa today.
The Citizenship Dilemma in Decolonising New Caledonia
Authors: Robertson Scott 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA “citizenship of New Caledonia” has proven to be one of the most significant yet polarising aspects of the 1998 Nouméa Accord. Citizenship of New Caledonia restricted who could vote in provincial elections and for the Congress but also shaped efforts to promote local employment. In the Accord, it is the political and moral basis for New Caledonia’s common destiny and endeavours to transcend pro- and anti-independence divisions. This chapter outlines the historical roots of the notion of citizenship within New Caledonia and how it has emerged within competing understandings of decolonisation and self-determination. Citizenship of New Caledonia rejects the universal assumptions of French decolonisation in favour of a new political community with the Kanak people at its centre. This chapter highlights the difficulties of agreeing to boundaries of citizenship due in part to citizenship’s role as a political mechanism to achieve balance between the two opposing forces.
What Makes New Caledonia’s Flora So Outstanding?
Authors: Isnard Sandrine , Jaffré Tanguy 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis chapter explores the main characteristics of New Caledonian plant biodiversity, and provides a condensed picture of the major unique elements of its flora. We present the results of recent research conducted in a territory that has much to contribute to science and society. We explore the original and unique representation of some plant lineages and functional groups, as well as the rich and diversified vegetation.