bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Continuous Electroencephalography in Acute Liver Failure: Findings and Prognostic Value
Authors: Chen Denise Fay , Farrque Mirza , Karakis Ioannis , Gupta Navnika , Rodriguez Andres , Kandiah Prem A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background and Objectives:
Neurologic complications contribute significantly to morbidity and mortality in acute liver failure (ALF). However, clinical assessment of neurologic function in this population is often challenging. Continuous electroencephalography (cEEG) is a low-risk, noninvasive diagnostic tool which can monitor real-time cerebral function. We aimed to investigate cEEG findings and prognostic significance of specific EEG features in a cohort of strictly defined ALF patients.
Methods: This was a retrospective, single-center study of adult patients with ALF who underwent cEEG monitoring for at least 6 hours between 2013 and 2022. Clinical, laboratory, imaging, and treatment characteristics were evaluated. cEEG variables included background continuity, background frequency, the presence of sporadic epileptiform discharges, rhythmic or periodic patterns, and electrographic or electroclinical seizures. The primary outcome was mortality or transition to end-of-life care during the index admission.
Results: A total of 32 patients with ALF were included. 56.3% of patients had rhythmic or periodic patterns, of which the majority were generalized periodic discharges (GPDs, 37.5%). 12.5% of patients had sporadic epileptiform discharges and 6.3% of patients demonstrated electrographic or clinical seizures. Eighteen (56.3%) patients died or were transitioned to end-of-life care during the index admission. Worsening background continuity or frequency over the course of the cEEG recording was significantly associated with poor outcome (p=0.001, p = 0.007, respectively), with a 100% mortality rate in patients demonstrating these EEG trends. A worst recorded continuity of suppression, attenuation, burst-suppression, and burst-suppression, was also associated with poor outcome (p=0.012). The presence of rhythmic or periodic patterns, sporadic epileptiform discharges, or seizures was not predictive of outcome.
Conclusions: Worsening cEEG background continuity or frequency is associated with poor outcome in adults with ALF. cEEG may contribute useful prognostic information in these patients, in conjunction with other laboratory and clinical markers of disease severity.
Self-Assembled DNA Nanocarriers for Treating Bone Fracture and Surgery-related MRSA Infection
Authors: Huang Jiaqi , Chakraborty Aishik , Shamiya Yasmeen , Luo Wei , Zahid Alap Ali , Paul Arghya 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

We report a synthetic tetrahedral DNA nanocarrier (TDN) for treating osteoporosis and related Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection in bone surgery. We successfully synthesized TDNs and demonstrated their excellent cytocompatibility on blood cells and immune cells. Zoledronic acid-loaded TDN displayed increased efficacy in regulating bone remodeling while vancomycin-loaded TDN showed an increased antibacterial effect against MRSA. This nanomedicine may potentially enhance the therapeutic effect of zoledronic acid in treating osteoporosis and overcoming antibiotic resistance.
The Impact of Different Inspired Oxygen Concentrations Combined with Nebulized Prostaglandin E1 on Oxygenation in Patients Undergoing One- Lung Ventilation
Authors: Xing Lingxi , Halisa Paerhati , Ding Yuyan , Zhou Yihu , chang Jiaqi , Gu Xiaolan , Gu Lianbing 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background: One-lung ventilation (OLV) requires a high inspired oxygen concentration (FiO2) to promote oxygenation improvement, yet it increases the risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) in reducing FiO2 during general anesthesia and mechanical ventilation on oxygenation and postoperative complications in patients undergoing OLV.
Method: A total of 120 patients scheduled for elective left thoracotomy esophageal cancer surgery were randomly divided into four groups (n = 30): Group L (FiO2 = 0.4, PGE1 = 0.1μg /kg), Group M (FiO2 = 0.5, PGE1 = 0.1μg /kg), Group H (FiO2 = 0.6, PGE1 = 0.1μg /kg), and Group C (FiO2 = 0.4, normal saline solution). The primary outcome was oxygenation during OLV. Secondary outcomes included intrapulmonary shunt (Qs/Qt), incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications, and changes in inflammatory cytokines.
Results: Group H exhibited higher PaO2 values than Groups L, M, and C at all time points T1-T6. Group M also showed higher PaO2 values than Groups L and C at all time points T1-T6. In contrast, Group L demonstrated significantly higher PaO2 values than Group C at time points T2-T4. The nebulization groups (L, M, H) had significantly higher PaO2/FiO2 than Group C at time points T2-T4. Group H had higher Qs/Qt values than Groups L, M, and C at all time points T1-T6. At time points T2-T4, Group L had significantly lower Qs/Qt values compared to both Group C and Group M, which in turn had significantly lower values than Group C. Regarding interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels, Group C was significantly higher than the nebulization groups at time points T5-T8, while Group L was significantly lower than Groups M and H at T8. In terms of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) levels, Group C was significantly higher than the nebulization groups at time points T7-T8. With respect to clinical pulmonary infection score (CPIS), Group L was significantly lower than Groups M, H, and C. There was no statistically significant difference in the overall incidence of postoperative complications probability (PPCs) among the four groups, nor were there statistically significant differences in pneumothorax, pulmonary infection, anastomotic leakage, ICU stay duration, or total hospital stay duration among the groups.
Conclusion: PGE1 demonstrates a significant advantage in reducing the incidence of hypoxemia, effectively improving oxygenation status in patients undergoing OLV with lower FiO2. Given the effects of PGE1 on oxygenation and inflammatory factors, as well as the CPIS, the results of this study suggest that a clinical regimen of 0.4 FiO2 + 0.1μg /kg PGE1 is appropriate.
Trial registration: registry: www.chictr.org.cn
registration number: ChiCTR1800018288
FIS1 alleviates neuropathic pain by inhibiting mitochondrial fragmentation
Authors: Zhu Chang-Lei , Li Shu-Jiao , Lin Zhi-Peng , Ni Zi-Wei , Tian Ke , Xia Yu-Lu , Tie Jing-Jing , Pu Xue-Yin , Huang Yun-Qiang , Wu Fei-Fei , Liu Hui , Zhang Kun-Long , Zhang Shuai , Wu You-Sheng , Tian Fei , Liu Nan-Nan , Yang Yan-Ling , Wang Ya-Yun 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Although neuropathic pain leads to abnormal mitochondrial fission in neurons, it remains unclear whether inhibiting abnormal mitochondrial fission has analgesic effects. This study focused on mitochondrial fission protein 1 (FIS1) to investigate its role in spared nerve injury (SNI)-induced neuropathic pain and the underlying mitochondrial mechanisms. Using MiNA analysis, electron microscopy, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) detection, we observed that mitochondrial networks in both excitatory and inhibitory neurons of the spinal dorsal horn (SDH) were disrupted in SNI mice, as demonstrated through the use of specifically constructed GAD2-MITO and vGluT2-MITO transgenic mouse models. Furthermore, down-regulating FIS1 specifically in excitatory neurons, but not inhibitory neurons, of spinal dorsal horn could exert analgesic effects, as demonstrated using vGluT2-Cre mice and GAD2-Cre mice. Third, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), which was capable of down-regulating FIS1 in the spinal dorsal horn, concurrently inhibited SNI-induced neuropathic pain. The above results indicate that down-regulating FIS1 in SDH can alleviate neuropathic pain by reducing mitochondrial fragmentation. In addition, down-regulating of FIS1 in excitatory neurons of the SDH can alleviate neuropathic pain by improving mitochondrial dysfunction. Our research findings suggest that FIS1 may represent a novel molecular target for the treatment of pain.
Solid-State Screening and Development of Ranolazine Polymorph under different conditions
Authors: Vaidya Sunita N. , Agrawal Surendra , Jirvankar Pranita , Chambhare Nikita , Lote Sukeshini 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
The goal of the research was to see if a polymorph of RNZ may improve the medicine's permeability and water solubility.
Methods
For determination of solvents effect, pure drug (RNZ) was recrystallized from various solvents and crystals obtained were studied for IR. The effect of temperature and humidity was determined by keeping the RNZ crystals at 0oC, 40oC and 70oC for humidity at 75% RH and crystals were studied for IR for any change of RNZ polymorph were created with the solvent evaporation technique. The improved polymorph was physically and chemically characterized by using FT-IR, DSC, XRD and POM. The solubility study of crystalline forms in water and the impact of crystallization on temperature and humidity on crystalline phases was carried out.
Results
The DSC thermograms of a pure drug (RNZ) and polymorph are studied for a pure drug (RNZ), lone endothermic peak was It has been seen and is situated at 122oC. This spectrum neither showed the presence of water of crystallization nor any indication of glass transition. DSC thermogram of polymorph which was recrystallized from ethanol, exhibited a single endothermic peak at 137oC. According to the XRD study, the diffraction lines of a pure drug (RNZ) were matching with the polymorph. The solvents used for the purification of RNZ exhibited differences in the crystal lattice as supported by FT-IR.
Conclusion
The solvents used for the purification of RNZ exhibited differences in the crystal lattice. It was interesting to investigate the factors affecting RNZ polymorphic transformation. The transformation was noted at RH = 75% (± 5) for form II while both the formed showed stability at different temperatures.
Temporal patterns and variations of depression related health information seeking behaviour – a longitudinal analysis of Google search data
Authors: Mohammadi Nafiseh , Danielson Jonas , Espinosa-Leal Leonardo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

The current research work represents the result of analyzing online health information-seeking behavior regarding depression over ten years 2013–2022 in Finland, finding the rhythms and fluctuations on different time-scales. Our paper analyzes diurnal, weekly, and seasonal patterns in six Google-suggested depression-related search queries by relying on data provided by Google Trends and the Google Health Trends Application Programming Interface-GHT-API. Our results reveal that search volumes follows temporal patterns on daily, weekly, and seasonal levels. We observe a periodical robust diurnal pattern with a significant nightly peak. Weekly patterns highlight increased search activity during weekends, with the exception of the term "Masennus"(eng. depression) which exhibits unique dynamics during weekdays. Seasonal patterns take the shape of bimodal curves for "masennus" and "masennustesti" with a peak in search interest during spring and autumn and deep during summer. These findings bear implications for healthcare providers and policy makers in pursuit of the best mental health care. Driving forces for such temporal patterns may provide the basis for further research, thus giving more depth to our understanding of online information seeking in mental health contexts.
Development and Assessment of Boron, Cerium, and Silver Ternary-Doped Titanium Dioxide Photocatalysts for the UV-A Degradation of Ciprofloxacin Antibiotic
Authors: Mishra Yash , Mahalingam Hari 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Due to the development of antimicrobial resistance, the continued presence of antibiotic residues in freshwater sources is a growing global concern and hence, it is necessary to degrade the antibiotics present in the polluted waters. In this study, three different boron, cerium, and silver ternary-doped TiO2 photocatalysts with specific compositions were synthesized using the eco-friendly EDTA citrate method. The specific compositions investigated here are B1Ce0.1Ag0.06TiO2, B1Ce1Ag0.06TiO2, and B1Ce1Ag0.1TiO2. From DLS analysis, the particle size of the synthesized catalysts was found to be in the range of 125–500 nm. The XRD spectra confirmed the presence of cerium. The DRS analysis showed the bandgap energy of the synthesized catalysts to be in the range of 2.7–2.8 eV. ICP-OES analysis was done to check the leaching of the dopants from the catalysts into the solution and the results showed that silver did not leach out while boron (~ 0.2 ppm) and cerium (~ 0.1 ppm) were present in trace amounts. The catalysts were also evaluated for the degradation of ciprofloxacin antibiotic under UV-A light. At optimized conditions, the best performing photocatalyst namely, B1Ce1Ag0.1TiO2, showed ~ 54% degradation of the antibiotic in 120 min. This is attributed to the increased amounts of cerium and silver. Although the performance under UV-A irradiation is not encouraging, these results suggest that these catalysts may be more effective under visible or solar light and further work is needed to check the effectiveness under visible light irradiation as well as on larger scales of treatment.
Performance of clinical prediction models for chronic kidney disease among people with diabetes: External validation using the Canadian Primary Care Sentinel Surveillance Network (CPCSSN)
Authors: Black Jason E. , Campbell David JT. , Ronksley Paul E. , McBrien Kerry A. , Williamson Tyler S. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Several clinical prediction models that predict the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in people with diabetes have been developed; however, these models lack external validation demonstrating accurate predictions in Canadian primary care. We externally validated existing clinical prediction models for CKD in Canadian primary care data, overall and across subgroups defined by sex/gender, age, comorbidities, and neighbourhood-level deprivation.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study using data from the Canadian Primary Care Sentinel Surveillance Network (CPCSSN) electronic medical record database (2014–2019). We identified models that use demographic, health behaviour, clinical and diabetes-related characteristics to predict incident CKD based on two recent systematic reviews and included models with sufficient predictors in CPCSSN (≤1 unavailable) and eGFR-based CKD definitions. We included adult patients (18+) with diabetes without an existing diagnosis of CKD. We identified incident cases of CKD within 5 years based on ≥2 laboratory values corresponding to eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 separated by ≥90 days and ≤1 year. For each model, we estimated the discrimination, precision, recall, and calibration within CPCSSN.
Results
Among 37,604 patients with diabetes, 14.6% met diagnostic criteria for CKD within 5 years. Overall performance of the 13 included CKD prediction models in CPCCSN was mixed: three models displayed moderate to strong discrimination (areas under the receiver-operating characteristic curves [AUROCs] > 0.70), whereas other AUROCs were as low as 0.508. After model updating, calibrations were heterogeneous with most models displaying some miscalibration. Some subgroups displayed considerable differences in performance: discriminative performance (AUROC) declined with increasing age and number of comorbidities, whereas the precision and recall improved with increasing age and number of comorbidities. We observed no difference in performance according to sex/gender or deprivation quintile.
Conclusions
Three models displayed moderate to strong performance predicting CKD among CPCSSN patients. Next, these models should be evaluated for their impact on practitioner and patient outcomes when implemented in clinical practice. If successful, these models hold promise in achieving widespread adoption to help identify those at highest risk of CKD and guide therapies that may prevent or delay CKD and related sequelae (e.g., end-stage renal disease) among people with diabetes.
Exploiting shared omics architecture and causal association between complex traits and COVID-19
Authors: Eshetie Setegn , Stacey David , Benyamin Beben , Lee S. Hong 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Understanding the shared biological and environmental correlations between COVID-19 and relevant complex traits may provide insights to mechanistic pathways and shared markers.
Methods
In this study, we employed bivariate Genomic-based Restricted Maximum Likelihood (GREML) to assess correlations between COVID-19 and 35 relevant complex traits, followed by Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate potential causal links. To do that, we used phenotypic and omics data (genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, metabolomic, and exposomic) from up to 107,857 participants from the UK Biobank.
Results
No genetic or transcriptomic correlations were found between COVID-19 and the traits. However, proteomic analysis revealed significant positive correlations with cardiometabolic traits (e.g., from r = 0.28 for chronic renal failure to r = 0.43 for heart disease) and pneumonia (r = 0.22). It also showed negative correlation with peptic ulcer (r = -0.26) and biomarkers (cystatinc-c: r = -0.19 and urea: r = -0.23). Metabolomic correlations identified strong associations with hormone-sensitive cancer (r = 0.72) and obesity-related cancer (r = 0.60), while negative correlations were observed for HDL cholesterol ( r= -0.34) and vitamin D (r = -0.32). Exposomic correlations mirrored proteomic findings with significant links with cardiometabolic traits such as heart diseases (r = 0.52) and stroke (r = 0.56). MR analysis indicated that none of the examined traits exhibited causal effects on COVID-19, suggesting that the observed omics correlations resulted from horizontal pleotropy, where omics factors independently influence both COVID-19 and complex traits.
Conclusions
Our study has demonstrated a shared omics architecture at proximal layers between COVID-19 and relevant traits. However, MR analysis showed no causal effects of these traits on COVID-19, suggesting distinct causal mechanisms from the omics layers.
Restoring Vision in SLE: Successful Management of Lupus Retinopathy – A Case Report
Authors: Hasan Md Mehedi , Proma Sanghita Banik , Imran Sakan Binte , Hossain Tanjila , . Amiruzzaman 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease which significantly affects multiple organs, including the ocular structures. Lupus retinopathy is one of those ocular manifestations, characterized by retinal ischemia and microvascular damage.
Case Summary
During a study on retinal changes of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) patients, we coincidently noticed some cases with lupus retinopathy, whose retinal changes were reversible after getting treatment for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). This case report belongs to those cases. This case report presents a 45-year-old female who had initial complaints of blurred vision in right of eye. The patient was concurrently diagnosed as Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), evidenced by polyarticular pain, fever and positive immunological and serological markers. The patient's visual symptoms significantly improved after receiving high dose glucocorticoids and immunosuppressive medications targeted towards her systemic symptoms of SLE. The follow-up exam showed that her vision had fully recovered and that his retinal lesions had resolved.
Conclusion
This case highlights the significance of lupus retinopathy as a potential early ocular manifestation of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). Recognizing lupus retinopathy in its initial stages can not only prevent severe visual impairment but also facilitate the early diagnosis of SLE. Regular ophthalmologic screening is therefore essential in patients at risk, as it can play a pivotal role in the timely diagnosis and management of SLE.
Improving the effects of industrial robot adoption on employment, total factor productivity, and real wages in 52 world economies and OECD members
Authors: Matsuki Takashi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

This study investigates the effects of industrial robot adoption in production process on unemployment rate, employment ratio in manufacturing, and total factor productivity (TFP) growth in 52 countries, and real wage growth in 31/20 OECD member countries for 2007–2019. The operating stock of robots per employee significantly impacts these variables; robot adoption lowers the unemployment rate and raises TFP and real wage growth. However, it reduces the employment ratio in manufacturing. In addition, the slight but significant positive contribution of robot adoption is observed only in the 90-percentile (top 10-percentile) of the real wage distribution. Interestingly, workers in the bottom and top tails (10- and 90-percentiles) of the wage distribution asymmetrically benefit from robotization. The industry ratio of value-added or information and communication technology (ICT) development improves the labor market by reducing the unemployment rate and raising the employment ratio in Asia’s manufacturing, TFP growth, and real wage growth.
JEL classification: C12; C32; C33
A new protection scheme of intersystem fault for AC/DC hybrid overhead lines
Authors: Yan Tao , Xiangping Kong , Chenqing Wang , Junchao Zheng , Zijun Bin , Jinjiao Lin , Sudi Xu 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Transforming the existing key HVAC transmission lines into High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) transmission systems is a new type of transmission capacity expansion scheme, which has been applied in power systems in Germany, the United Kingdom and other regions. After the occurrence of AC-DC intersystem faults, the fault characteristics are complex, and the protection adaptability will be affected. At present, there is no specific protection scheme for AC-DC intersystem faults. In this paper, a protection scheme based on the same side current similarity characteristics of AC and DC transmission lines is proposed, and the effective value of the scheme is verified on the simulation platform.