bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transapical intramyocardial septal microwave ablation in treatment of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy: 12-month outcomes of a swine model
Authors: Zhou Mi , Li Zhaolong , Liu Yun , Fang Yuehua , Qin Le , Yang Wenjie , Yan Fuhua , Zhao Qiang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
To date, the extended Morrow procedure is considered the gold standard treatment for patients with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy who experience severe symptoms and are unresponsive to medication treatment. We therefore aimed to perform transapical intramyocardial septal microwave ablation to reduce the thickness of the interventricular septum myocardium in a minimally invasive method.

Methods
Fourteen swine were divided to form either a microwave ablation group (n = 7) or a sham group (n = 7). In the microwave ablation group, a transapical microwave antenna was inserted into the septum to ablate each myocardial segment at 40 W for 1 min, while in the sham group, the same operation was performed but without power output. We used echocardiography, electrocardiogram, during the operation. And added computerized tomography, cardiac nuclear magnetic resonance during follow-up.

Results
Segment hypokinesis was observed in all swine immediately following ablation. Compared with the sham group, the thickness of ablated segments in the ablation group decreased significantly 1 month post-operation (ablation group, 5.53 ± 1.00 mm vs. 8.03 ± 1.15 mm, respectively, P < 0.01; sham group, 8.40 ± 0.94 mm vs. 8.21 ± 1.09 mm, respectively, P = 0.081), and the outcome was still observed 1 year post-operation (ablation group, 3.36 ± 0.85 mm vs. 8.03 ± 1.15 mm, respectively, P < 0.01). No perforation of the septum was observed during the procedure or follow-up, and no heart failure or sudden cardiac death occurred during postoperative feeding.

Conclusions
Transapical intramyocardial septal microwave ablation can effectively and safely produce a large region of necrosis. This technique can potentially mimic surgical myectomy while avoiding cardiopulmonary bypass and median sternotomy in high-risk hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy patients.
Different anatomical variations in the anterior segment of the right upper lung
Authors: Yan Wu , Wang MengXuan , Zhao JiXing , Li YongSheng , Wei Wei 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDuring a routine physical examination three years ago, a 47-year-old woman received a diagnosis of a nodule in her right upper lung. Since then, she has been regularly attending outpatient clinic appointments for follow-up. Over time, the nodule has shown gradual growth, leading to a suspicion of lung cancer. Through the use of enhanced CT imaging, a three-dimensional reconstruction was performed to examine the bronchi and blood vessels in the patient’s chest. This reconstruction revealed several variations in the anatomy of the anterior segment of the right upper lobe. Specifically, the anterior segmental bronchus (B3) was found to have originated from the right middle lung bronchus. Additionally, the medial subsegmental artery of the anterior segmental artery (A3b) and the medial segmental artery (A5) were observed to share a common trunk. As for the lateral subsegmental artery of the anterior segmental artery (A3a), it was found to have originated from the right inferior pulmonary trunk. Furthermore, the apical subsegmental artery of the apical segmental artery (A1a) and the posterior segmental artery (A2) were found to have a shared trunk.
Uncommon using of the pulmonary homograft in oncological case - three years follow up
Authors: Lahidheb Dhaker , Komarov Roman , Alikhanov Ruslan , Tlisov Boris , Ismailbaev Alisher , Dhif Ines 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Introduction
There are enough cases of colorectal cancer with liver metastasis, but inferior vena cava infiltraion with dissemination to the right atrium is an infrequent event.

Presentation of case
This is the first case of surgical treatment of recurrent liver metastasis with the infiltration to the inferior vena cava and to the right atrium of the heart, using a cryopreserved pulmonary homograft.

Discussion
The choice of a cryopreserved pulmonary homograft was preferred by the need for a radical and wide resection of tissues involved in the metastasis, as well as to potentially reduce the risk of thrombosis in the short- and long-term postoperative period.

Conclusion
The use of a cryopreserved homograft in operation undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass allowed us to perform the required volume of radical resection and to replace an extended section of the inferior vena cava.
Development of a stability indicating high-performance liquid chromatography method for determination of cenobamate: study of basic degradation kinetics
Authors: EL-Malla Samah F. , Mansour Fotouh R. , Elbastawissy Almoataz Bellah B. , Elagamy Samar H. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study presents a stability indicating high-performance liquid chromatography HPLC method for the determination of cenobamate (CNB) in presence of its main impurity (CNB H-impurity) and degradation products. The chromatographic separation was carried out on a Thermo BDS Hypersil-C18 column (150 × 4.6 mm; 5 μm) with a mobile phase consisting of a 50:50 (%v/v) ratio of methanol and purified water. The flow rate was maintained at 1.0 mL. min− 1. CNB was detected at 210 nm using a PDA detector. The column temperature was held at 40 °C.The retention time of the drug was found to be 3.2 min. Furthermore, the study investigates the degradation behavior of CNB under various stress conditions, including acidic, basic, oxidative, and light-induced degradation. The results indicate that CNB is particularly susceptible to basic degradation. Consequently, a comprehensive study of the basic degradation kinetics was conducted. The method was also successfully applied for the determination of CNB in its dosage form. The results also show that there is no co-elution from degradation products or excipients as indicated by the mass balance and peak purity values confirming the specificity of the proposed method and its applicability for routine analysis of CNB.
An optimised YOLOv4 deep learning model for efficient malarial cell detection in thin blood smear images
Authors: Sukumarran Dhevisha , Hasikin Khairunnisa , Khairuddin Anis Salwa Mohd , Ngui Romano , Sulaiman Wan Yusoff Wan , Vythilingam Indra , Divis Paul Cliff Simon 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Malaria is a serious public health concern worldwide. Early and accurate diagnosis is essential for controlling the disease’s spread and avoiding severe health complications. Manual examination of blood smear samples by skilled technicians is a time-consuming aspect of the conventional malaria diagnosis toolbox. Malaria persists in many parts of the world, emphasising the urgent need for sophisticated and automated diagnostic instruments to expedite the identification of infected cells, thereby facilitating timely treatment and reducing the risk of disease transmission. This study aims to introduce a more lightweight and quicker model—but with improved accuracy—for diagnosing malaria using a YOLOv4 (You Only Look Once v. 4) deep learning object detector.

Methods
The YOLOv4 model is modified using direct layer pruning and backbone replacement. The primary objective of layer pruning is the removal and individual analysis of residual blocks within the C3, C4 and C5 (C3–C5) Res-block bodies of the backbone architecture’s C3-C5 Res-block bodies. The CSP-DarkNet53 backbone is simultaneously replaced for enhanced feature extraction with a shallower ResNet50 network. The performance metrics of the models are compared and analysed.

Results
The modified models outperform the original YOLOv4 model. The YOLOv4-RC3_4 model with residual blocks pruned from the C3 and C4 Res-block body achieves the highest mean accuracy precision (mAP) of 90.70%. This mAP is > 9% higher than that of the original model, saving approximately 22% of the billion floating point operations (B-FLOPS) and 23 MB in size. The findings indicate that the YOLOv4-RC3_4 model also performs better, with an increase of 9.27% in detecting the infected cells upon pruning the redundant layers from the C3 Res-block bodies of the CSP-DarkeNet53 backbone.

Conclusions
The results of this study highlight the use of the YOLOv4 model for detecting infected red blood cells. Pruning the residual blocks from the Res-block bodies helps to determine which Res-block bodies contribute the most and least, respectively, to the model’s performance. Our method has the potential to revolutionise malaria diagnosis and pave the way for novel deep learning-based bioinformatics solutions. Developing an effective and automated process for diagnosing malaria will considerably contribute to global efforts to combat this debilitating disease. We have shown that removing undesirable residual blocks can reduce the size of the model and its computational complexity without compromising its precision.

Graphical Abstract
Synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2 A in serum is an ideal biomarker for early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Wang Xiaoling , Zhang Xiaomin , Liu Jing , Zhang Jingjing , Liu Congcong , Cui Yuting , Song Qiao , Hou Yuli , Wang Yaqi , Zhang Qian , Zhang Yingzhen , Fan Yujian , Jia Jianping , Wang Peichang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Previous studies have demonstrated that early intervention was the best plan to inhibit the progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), which relied on the discovery of early diagnostic biomarkers. In this study, synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2 A (SV2A) was examined to improve the early diagnostic efficiency in AD.

Methods
In this study, biomarker testing was performed through the single-molecule array (Simoa). A total of 121 subjects including cognitively unimpaired controls, amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), AD and other types of dementia underwent cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) SV2A testing; 430 subjects including health controls, aMCI, AD and other types of dementia underwent serum SV2A, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neurofilament light chain (NfL) and p-tau217 testing; 92 subjects including aMCI and AD underwent both CSF SV2A and serum SV2A testing; 115 cognitively unimpaired subjects including APOE ε4 carriers and APOE ε4 non-carriers were tested for serum SV2A, GFAP, NfL and p-tau217. Then, the efficacy of SV2A for the early diagnosis of AD and its ability to identify those at high risk of AD from a cognitively unimpaired population were further analyzed.

Results
Both CSF and serum SV2A significantly and positively correlated with cognitive performance in patients with AD, and their levels gradually decreased with the progression of AD. Serum SV2A demonstrated excellent diagnostic efficacy for aMCI, with a sensitivity of 97.8%, which was significantly higher than those of NfL, GFAP, and p-tau217. The SV2A-positive rates ranged from 92.86 to 100% in aMCI cases that were negative for the above three biomarkers. Importantly, of all the biomarkers tested, serum SV2A had the highest positivity rate (81.82%) in individuals at risk for AD.

Conclusions
Serum SV2A was demonstrated to be a novel and ideal biomarker for the early diagnosis of AD, which can effectively distinguish those at high risk of AD in cognitively unimpaired populations.
Heterogeneous effects of hospital competition on inpatient quality: an analysis of five common diseases in China
Authors: Lu Yinghui , Jiang Qingling , Zhang Xueli , Lin Xiaojun , Pan Jay 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Many countries has introduced pro-competition policies in the delivery of healthcare to improve medical quality, including China. With the increasing intensity of competition in China's healthcare market, there are rising concerns among policymakers about the impact of hospital competition on quality. This study investigated heterogeneous effects of hospital competition on inpatient quality.

Methods
We analyzed the inpatient discharge dataset and selected chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), ischemic stroke, pneumonia, hemorrhagic stroke, and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) as representative diseases. A total of 561,429 patients in Sichuan Province in 2017 and 2019 were included. The outcomes of interest were in-hospital mortality and 30-day unplanned readmissions. The Herfindahl–Hirschman Index was calculated using predicted patient flows to measure hospital competition. To address the spatial correlations of hospitals and the structure of the dataset, the multiple membership multiple classification model was employed for analysis.

Results
Amid intensifying competition in the hospital market, our study discerned no marked statistical variance in the risk of inpatient quality across most diseases examined. Amplified competition exhibited a positive correlation with heightened in-hospital mortality for both COPD and pneumonia patients. Elevated competition escalated the risk of 30-day unplanned readmissions for COPD patients, while inversely affecting the risk for AMI patients.

Conclusions
There is the heterogeneous impact of hospital competition on quality across various diseases in China. Policymakers who intend to leverage hospital competition as a tool to enhance healthcare quality must be cognizant of the possible influences of it.
Energy-efficient two-way full-duplex relay transmission strategy with SWIPT and direct links
Authors: Cai Caixia , Zhong Fuli , Hai Han , Chen Mingzhi , Gan Wenyang , Sun Bing , Yang Yayu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we improve networks’ spectral efficiency (SE), extend networks’ lifetime, and maximize networks’ energy efficiency (EE) of two-way full-duplex (FD) relay networks. Firstly, to improve networks’ SE and to extend networks’ lifetime simultaneously, we design a two-way FD relay transmission strategy with simultaneous wireless information and power transfer and direct links (DLs). The designed transmission strategy can complete a bidirectional communication in only one time slot with the exists of DLs and the energy-constrained relay node. With the designed transmission strategy, we further give the characteristics of relay amplification factor, the analysis of the designed transmission strategy, and the EE analysis of traditional half-duplex two-way amplify-and-forward relaying. Secondly, to maximize networks’ EE, we present both the EE maximization problems and analyses of the designed transmission strategy with equal power allocation and optimal power allocation. To solve the EE maximization problems, we further propose the alternating optimal algorithm and give complexity analysis of the algorithm. Simulations show that our designed transmission strategy can improve the SE and EE of the networks.
An overview of QoS-aware load balancing techniques in SDN-based IoT networks
Authors: Rostami Mohammad , Goli-Bidgoli Salman 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIncreasing and heterogeneous service demands have led to traffic increase, and load imbalance challenges among network entities in the Internet of Things (IoT) environments. It can affect Quality of Service (QoS) parameters. By separating the network control layer from the data layer, Software-Defined Networking (SDN) has drawn the interest of many researchers. Efficient data flow management and better network performance can be reachable through load-balancing techniques in SDN and improve the quality of services in the IoT network. So, the combination of IoT and SDN, with conscious real-time traffic management and load control, plays an influential role in improving the QoS. To give a complete assessment of load-balancing strategies to enhance QoS parameters in SDN-based IoT networks (SD-IoT), a systematic review of recent research is presented here. In addition, the paper provides a comparative analysis of the relevant publications, trends, and future areas of study that are particularly useful for the community of researchers in the field.
The differences in gastric cancer epidemiological data between SEER and GBD: a joinpoint and age-period-cohort analysis
Authors: Wu Zenghong , Zhang Kun , Wang Weijun , Fan Mengke , Lin Rong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
The burden of gastric cancer (GC) should be further clarified worldwide, and helped us to understand the current situation of GC.

Methods
In the present study, we estimated disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) and mortality rates attributable to several major GC risk factors, including smoking, dietary risk, and behavioral risk. In addition, we evaluated the incidence rate and trends of incidence-based mortality (IBM) due to GC in the United States (US) during 1992–2018.

Results
Globally, GC incidences increased from 883,395 in 1990 to 1,269,805 in 2019 while GC-associated mortality increased from 788,316 in 1990 to 957,185 in 2019. In 2019, the age-standardized rate (ASR) of GC exhibited variations around the world, with Mongolia having the highest observed ASR (43.7 per 100,000), followed by Bolivia (34 per 100,000) and China (30.6 per 100,000). A negative association was found among estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) and ASR (age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR): r = − 0.28, p < 0.001; age-standardized death rate (ASDR): r =  − 0.19, p = 0.005). There were 74,966 incidences of GC and 69,374 GC-related deaths recorded between 1992 and 2018. The significant decrease in GC incidences as well as decreasing trends in IBM of GC were first detected in 1994. The GC IBM significantly increased at a rate of 35%/y from 1992 to 1994 (95% CI 21.2% to 50.4%/y), and then begun to decrease at a rate of − 1.4%/y from 1994 to 2018 (95% CI − 1.6% to − 1.2%/y).

Conclusion
These findings mirror the global disease burden of GC and are important for development of targeted prevention strategies.
Data assimilation for fault slip monitoring and short-term prediction of spatio-temporal evolution of slow slip events: application to the 2010 long-term slow slip event in the Bungo Channel, Japan
Authors: Kano Masayuki , Tanaka Yusuke , Sato Daisuke , Iinuma Takeshi , Hori Takane 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMonitoring and predicting fault slip behaviors in subduction zones is essential for understanding earthquake cycles and assessing future earthquake potential. We developed a data assimilation method for fault slip monitoring and the short-term prediction of slow slip events, and applied to the 2010 Bungo Channel slow slip event in southwest Japan. The observed geodetic data were quantitatively explained using a physics-based model with data assimilation. We investigated short-term predictability by assimilating observation data within limited periods. Without prior constraints on fault slip style, observations solely during slip acceleration predicted the occurrence of a fast slip; however, the inclusion of slip deceleration data successfully predicted a slow transient slip. With prior constraints to exclude unstable slip, the assimilation of data after slow slip event occurrence also predicted a slow transient slip. This study provides a tool using data assimilation for fault slip monitoring and prediction based on real observation data.
Graphical Abstract
Two cases of strangulated bowel obstruction due to exposed vessel and nerve after laparoscopic and robot-assisted lateral lymph node dissection (LLND) for rectal cancer
Authors: Fujiwara Ryota , Yano Masaaki , Matsumoto Makoto , Higashihara Tomoaki , Tsudaka Shimpei , Hashida Shinsuke , Ichihara Shuji , Otani Hiroki 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
The majority of small bowel obstructions (SBO) are caused by adhesion due to abdominal surgery. Internal hernias, a very rare cause of SBO, can arise from exposed blood vessels and nerves during pelvic lymphadenectomy (PL). In this report, we present two cases of SBO following laparoscopic and robot-assisted lateral lymph node dissection (LLND) for rectal cancer, one case each, of which obstructions were attributed to the exposure of blood vessels and nerves during the procedures.

Case presentation
Case 1: A 68-year-old man underwent laparoscopic perineal rectal amputation and LLND for rectal cancer. Four years and three months after surgery, he visited to the emergency room with a chief complaint of left groin pain. Computed tomography (CT) revealed a closed-loop in the left pelvic cavity. We performed an open surgery to find that the small intestine was fitted into the gap between the left obturator nerve and the left pelvic wall, which was exposed by LLND. The intestine was not resected because coloration and peristalsis of the intestine improved after the hernia was released. The obturator nerve was preserved. Case 2: A 57-year-old man underwent a robot-assisted rectal amputation with LLND for rectal cancer. Eight months after surgery, he presented to the emergency room with a complaint of abdominal pain. CT revealed a closed-loop in the right pelvic cavity, and he underwent a laparoscopic surgery with a diagnosis of strangulated SBO. The small intestine was strangulated by an internal hernia caused by the right umbilical arterial cord, which was exposed by LLND. The incarcerated small intestine was released from the gap between the umbilical arterial cord and the pelvic wall. No bowel resection was performed. The umbilical arterial cord causing the internal hernia was resected.

Conclusion
Although strangulated SBO due to an exposed intestinal cord after PL has been a rare condition to date, it is crucial for surgeons to keep this condition in mind.