bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The work compatibility improvement framework: Defining and measuring the human‐at‐work system
Authors: Genaidy Ash , Karwowski Waldemar , Salem Sam , Jarrell Judy , Paez Omar , Tuncel Setenay 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis article is one in a series of articles demonstrating the foundations of the work compatibility model (WCM) as an engineering approach to improve human performance in organizations. Previous work has concentrated on defining the core elements that constitute the model, moving beyond constructs of work stress and job satisfaction. In this article, the work environment is explained in terms of protective and risk effects that comprise both physical and nonphysical elements (e.g., psychosocial, organizational, cultural, and financial).The authors introduce the first two phases of the work compatibility improvement framework (WCIF) based on the DMAIC (define‐measure‐analyze‐improve‐control) cycle, that is, “define” and “measure.” The objective is to identify the elements that constitute the human‐at‐work system and explain how the work compatibility model characterizes the system to obtain the compatibility indices (i.e., performance measures of the system). A cross‐sectional feasibility study was conducted of three small manufacturers, which measured the work environment characteristics and the health status of the respondents. Two measurement methods were proposed to measure the compatibility level: a discrete transformation with one index and a continuous transformation with two indices (yield ratio and efficiency ratio). Demand and energizer levels showed significant differences across work environment domains. The two compatibility indices also show some differences as each method is sensitive to different variance causes. For company A, a descriptive analysis relating the compatibility indices and disorder cases shows that there is an increase in the number of musculoskeletal and stress disorder cases for low‐compatibility levels. The trend shown by musculoskeletal disorders and compatibility indices is consistent with the assertion that higher compatibility level will decrease the likelihood of musculoskeletal and stress disorders in the workplace. The WCM is a worthwhile concept that should be further tested to understand the etiologic interaction between work environment characteristics and the health status of the people in the organization.The identification of discrete and continuous performance indices shows that is it feasible to provide measures that comprise multiple elements of the work environment and can be related to health outcomes. In subsequent research, such a relationship will be statistically tested to understand the underlying effects that relate physical and nonphysical factors (analyze), and a systematic tool will be devised to set action plans and improve the current states (improve). A tracking tool would be put in place to ensure that the improvements are sustainable (control). © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Hum Factors Man 17: 163–226, 2007.
Two New Secoiridoid Glycosides from Tripterospermum chinense
Authors: Zhu Kai‐Cheng , Ma Chun‐Hui , Ye Guan , Fan Ming‐Song , Huang Cheng‐Gang 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwo new secoiridoid glycosides, tripterospermumcin A (1) and B (2), were isolated from the EtOH extract of the aerial parts of Tripterospermum chinense (Migo) H. Smith, along with three known compounds, secologanin, secologanol, and sweroside. Their structures were established on the basis of UV, IR, MS, and extensive 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR analyses, as well as by literature comparison of spectroscopic data.
Nonalkaloid Constituents from Stemona japonica
Authors: Yang Xin‐Zhou , Lin Li‐Gen , Tang Chun‐Ping , Liu Yong‐Qiang , Ye Yang 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFive new nonalkaloid constituents, a neolignan, japonin A (1), a macrocyclic lactone, japonin B (2), a (phenylethyl)benzoquinone, japonin C (3), a phenanthraquinone, japonin D (4), as well as a dihydrostilbene, stilbostemin M (5), were isolated from the roots of Stemona japonica, together with eight known compounds. Their structures were established by spectroscopic analyses.
Efficient Conjugate Addition of 1H‐Indoles to Electron‐Deficient Olefins Catalyzed by Silica‐Supported Sodium Hydrogen Sulfate (NaHSO4 ⋅ SiO2)
Authors: Das Biswanath , Chowdhury Nikhil , Damodar K. , Reddy K. Ravinder 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA simple, mild, rapid, and highly efficient method for the conjugate addition of 1H‐indoles to electron‐deficient olefins has been developed using NaHSO4 ⋅ SiO2 as heterogeneous catalyst. The conversion proceeds at room temperature, and the corresponding Michael adducts are formed in good‐to‐excellent yields.
Withanolides from Withania adpressa
Authors: Abdeljebbar Lalla Hasna , Humam Munir , Christen Philippe , Jeannerat Damien , Vitorge Bruno , Amzazi Saaid , Benjouad Abdelaziz , Hostettmann Kurt , Bekkouche Khalid 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFrom the leaves of Withania adpressa, a plant endemic to Sahara of Morocco and Algeria, the novel steroidal lactone (22R)‐14α,15α,17β,20β‐tetrahydroxy‐1‐oxowitha‐2,5,24‐trien‐26,22‐olide (= (15S,17S)‐14,15,17,20‐tetrahydroxy‐22,26‐epoxyergosta‐2,5,24‐triene‐1,26‐dione; 1), was isolated, along with three known compounds, withanolides F (2), J (3), and oleanolic acid. Their structures were mainly solved by in‐depth 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR (including ADEQUATE) experiments, as well as by HR‐MS analyses and chemical evidence.
Reactions of Allyl Alcohols of the Pinane Series and of Their Epoxides in the Presence of Montmorillonite Clay
Authors: Il'ina Irina V. , Volcho Konstantin P. , Korchagina Dina V. , Barkhash Vladimir A. , Salakhutdinov Nariman F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe reactivity of allyl alcohols of the pinane series and of their epoxides in the presence of montmorillonite clay in intra‐ and intermolecular reactions was studied. Mutual transformations of (+)‐trans‐pinocarveol ((+)‐2) and (−)‐myrtenol ((−)‐3a) were major reactions of these compounds on askanite–bentonite clay (Schemes 1 and 2). However, the two reactions gave different isomerization products, indicating that the reactivity of the starting alcohol (+)‐2 or (−)‐3a was different from that of the same compound (+)‐2 or (−)‐3 formed in the course of the reactions. (−)‐cis‐ and (+)‐trans‐Verbenol ((−)‐16 and (+)‐12, resp.), as well as (−)‐cis‐verbenol epoxide ((−)‐20) reacted with both aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes on askanite–bentonite clay giving various heterocyclic compounds (Schemes 4, 5 and 7); the reaction path depended on the structure of both the terpenoid and the aldehyde.
Halogenation of Fluorinated 1,3,5‐Triketones
Authors: Sevenard Dmitri V. , Kazakova Olesya , Chizhov Dmitri L. , Yachevskii Danil S. , Lork Enno , Poveleit Jörn , Charushin Valery N. , Röschenthaler Gerd‐Volker 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe behavior of linear and cyclic fluorinated 1,3,5‐triketones and their metal derivatives towards common halogenating agents was examined, and optimal reaction conditions for the straightforward synthesis of mono‐, di‐, and tetrahalogenated products were found (Schemes 1–3). An aromatization through a double HBr elimination from an α,α′‐dibrominated cyclohexanone was shown to be a promising synthetic route to 1,1′‐(2‐hydroxy‐1,3‐phenylene)bis[2,2,2‐trifluoroethanones] (= 2,6‐bis(trifluoroacetyl)phenols; Scheme 4). Additionally, the 1,3,5‐triketones prepared add readily H2O or alcohols to produce novel bridged 2,6‐dihydroxypyran‐4‐ones (Scheme 2). The structure of the obtained compounds 6a and 7a was confirmed by X‐ray structure analysis.
Aristolane Sesquiterpenes and Highly Brominated Indoles from the Marine Red Alga Laurencia similis (Rhodomelaceae)
Authors: Ji Nai‐Yun , Li Xiao‐Ming , Ding Lan‐Ping , Wang Bin‐Gui 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThree new polybrominated 1H‐indoles, compounds 1–3, and three new aristolane sesquiterpenes, compounds 4–6, were isolated from the marine red alga Laurencia similis, together with seven known natural products. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of detailed spectroscopic and mass‐spectrometric analyses, as well as by comparison with literature data.
Efficient Synthesis of Trialkyl 3‐Phenylbuta‐1,3‐diene‐1,2,4‐tricarboxylates by a Novel One‐Pot Multicomponent Reaction
Authors: Yavari Issa , Moradi Loghman , Mokhtarporyani‐Sanandej Ako , Mirzaei Anvar 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAlkyl 2‐nitroacetates 2 react with alkyl phenylpropiolates 1 in the presence of Ph3P in a mechanistically novel reaction to afford trialkyl 3‐phenylbuta‐1,3‐diene‐1,2,4‐tricarboxylates in yields of 60–80% under neutral conditions.
Modification of the Penman method for computing bare soil evaporation
Authors: Konukcu Fatih 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe Penman equation, which calculates potential evaporation, was modified by Staple (1974, Soil Science Society of America Proceedings 38: 837) to include in it the relative vapour pressure hs of an unsaturated soil to predict actual evaporation from a soil surface. This improved the prediction when the difference between the temperature of the soil surface and ambient air is relatively small. The objectives of this study were (i) to revise it further using the actual temperature of the soil surface and air to provide the upper boundary condition in computing evaporative flux from the soil surface and (ii) to determine the range of water content for which the modified form of the Penman equation is applicable.The method adopted was tested by a series of outdoor experiments with a clay soil. The method of Staple (1974) overestimated the rate of evaporation above the water content 0·14 m3 m−3 (up to 30% deviation), whereas the new method agreed well with the measured rates (maximum 7% deviation). Below 0·14 m3 m−3 water content, both methods underestimated, but the Staple (1974) method deviated more from the measured values: the deviations were above 70% and around 30% for the Staple (1974) and the new methods respectively. Although the new method provided accurate solutions for a wider range of water content from saturation to the lower limit of the liquid phase of a particular soil, the modification did not respond to the vapour phase of the soil moisture. Therefore, in the dry range (i.e. in the vapour phase in which the flow was entirely as vapour), either resistance models or a Fickian equation should be used.Although the effect of salinity on the measured rates was significant, the model erroneously calculated the same rates for both saline and non‐saline conditions. The effect of soil texture can easily be accounted by defining appropriate matric potential water content ψm(θ) and soil relative humidity water content hs(θ) relationships. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A protective association between the HLA‐A2 antigen and nasopharyngeal carcinoma in us caucasians
Authors: Burt Richard D. , Vaughan Thomas L. , Nisperos Brenda , Swanson Marie , Berwick Marianne 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAnalyzing data from Caucasians participating in a multicentered population‐based case‐control study of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and HLA type in the US, we found persons with the A2 antigen to have a significantly lower risk than those with other antigens at the A locus [odds ratio (OR), 0.46; 95% confidence interval (C1), 0.21–0.96]. The protective association was stronger among presumptive homozygotes for A2. Similar results were obtained when cases were compared with US Caucasians typed either as part of the Collaborative Transplant Study, or by the 9th International Histocompatibility Workshop. These results are supported by a statistical summary of odds ratios for A2 from a number of previous studies in non‐Chinese (summary OR, 0.69; 95% C1, 0.54–0.88). The odds ratio for patients with squamous‐cell carcinomas was 0.56; among 7 patients with undifferentiated tumors the OR was 0.14. Results from in vitro studies of immune response to Epstein‐Barr virus have found that the HLA‐A2 antigen efficiently presents the EBV gene product LMP‐2, which has been detected in NPC tumor cells. This offers a rationale for the observed protective association between the HLA‐A2 antigen and nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
Expression of a 31‐kDa lactoside‐binding lectin in normal human gastric Mucosa and in primary and metastatic gastric carcinomas
Authors: Lotan Reuben , Ito Hisao , Yasui Wataru , Yokozaki Hiroshi , Lotan Dafna , Tahara Eiichi 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe expression of lactoside‐binding lectin L‐31 was analyzed in normal mucosa and in primary and metastatic gastric carcinomas. Immunoblotting revealed L‐31 lectin in extracts of normal and malignant gastric tissues from 26 patients. The L‐31 level was higher in tumor than in normal tissue in 9/26 cases, similar in 14/26 cases, and lower in 3/26 cases. Anti‐L‐31 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were used in immunohistochemical analyses to compare lectin expression in specimens of primary gastric carcinomas and adjacent normal mucosa from 39 patients and in specimens of metastases and the corresponding primary gastric carcinomas from 74 patients. The lectin was detected in normal gastric epithelial cells and in all gastric carcinoma specimens, albeit in varying amounts. The L‐31 level was significantly higher in the primary tumor than in adjacent normal tissue in 55% of the well‐differentiated tubular carcinoma cases and in 50% of stage‐III and ‐IV tumors. L‐31 expression in liver metastases from well‐differentiated tubular primary gastric carcinomas was higher in 31% of the cases relative to the corresponding primary cancers. Likewise, L‐31 expression in metastases from poorly differentiated gastric carcinomas in lymph nodes was higher in 38% of the cases compared to the primary cancers. The higher expression of L‐31 in primary cancers and metastases of certain types implicates this lectin in the metastatic phenotype, but the presence of L‐31 in a primary cancer is not sufficient to allow the metastatic propensity of the tumor to be predicted.
Oral and pharyngeal cancer incidence in Slovakia 1968–1989
Authors: Plesko Ivan , Macfarlane Gary J. , Evstifeeva Tatiana V. , Obsitnikova Adriana , Kramarova Eva 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSlovakia currently has one of the highest incidence rates of oral cancer in Europe. Incidence data from the Slovakian Cancer Registry relating to oropharyngeal cancer are analyzed for the period 1968–1989 to examine trends in the incidence of these malignancies, representing the first such reported time series from Central Europe. Over this period, rates in males have increased from 4.5 per 100,000 in 1968–1970 to 17.9 per 100,000 in 1987–1989, with more marked increases noted amongst middle‐aged males (35 to 64 years), among whom rates have increased from 6.8 to 47.9 per 100,000 over the same period. Rates in women have been relatively low and stable. Changes in rates in men follow a period during the 1950s and 1960s when there was a marked increase in alcohol and tobacco consumption. The magnitude of the increases have resulted in oropharyngeal cancer becoming an important public health problem in Slovakia and emphasizes the importance of measures to prevent further increases in the consumption of tobacco and alcohol.
Life‐style and subsite of gastric cancer—joint effect of smoking and drinking habits
Authors: Inoue Manami , Tajima Kazuo , Hirose Kaoru , Kuroishi Tetsuo , Gao Chang‐Ming , Kitoh Tsuyoshi 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTo clarify the effects of life‐style on gastric cancer by subsite focusing on the proximal part (cardia and fundus) and the distal part (pyloric antirum), a case‐control study was conducted at the Aichi Cancer Center in Nagoya, Japan from 1988–1991. This study compared 668 histologically confirmed gastric cancer cases [123 cardia, 218 middle (body), 256 antrum, and 71 unclassified] with 668 controls using a common questionnaire about life‐styles as related to smoking, drinking, dietary habits and frequency of food intake. Controls were selected from among outpatients of the same hospital. Controls free of cancer and other specific diseases were matched with cases for sex, age (within 2 years), and time of hospital visit (within 2 months). A Western‐style breakfast decreased the risk of antrum cancer, while consumption of greasy food increased the risk of cardia cancer. Fresh vegetables decreased the risk of cancer in both cardia and antrum. Habitual smoking is associated with increased risk of gastric cancer and it is more prominent in cardia cancer, especially in those who are drinkers. Results obtained from this study suggest that risk factors and relative risks of gastric cancer varied by subsite to a considerable degree. Furthermore, the joint effect of smoking and drinking may play an important role in the development of gastric cancer, especially of cardia cancer.
Gene dosage and expression, and enzyme activity of thymidine kinase and thymidylate synthase in xenografted colorectal adenocarcinomas
Authors: Lasserre C. , Sabatier L. , Beaumatin J. , Luccioni C. , Lefrançois D. , Muleris M. , Dutrillaux B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCytogenetic studies performed on human colorectal tumors have revealed 2 specific patterns of chromosomal anomalies. The major pattern, known as the monosomic type (MT), is characterized by the loss or deletion of chromosomes 18, 17 (short arm 17p) and, less frequently, Ip, 4, 15, 5 (long arm 5q) and 21. The other one, known as the trisomic type (TT), is characterized by the gain of several chromosomes: 7, 12, X, 5 and 8. Losses of chromosome 18 and of the 17p arm never coexist in TT tumors. It was observed that many chromosome losses or deletions involved genes encoding for enzymes of the de novo pathways of nucleotide synthesis. In contrast, gains involved genes encoding for enzymes of the salvage pathways of the same metabolism. This led to the hypothesis that chromosome imbalances corresponded to those of nucleotide synthesis in tumor cells. Such an interrelation was confirmed by the dosage of thymidylate synthase (TS) and thymidine kinase (TK) activities in a series of colorectal grafted tumors. This study has been expanded to a larger series of xenografted tumors (23 cases) in which both TS and TK activities were studied, in parallel with an analysis of mRNA, by Northern blotting. The amount of mRNA was found to correlate with the number of gene copies calculated from cytogenetic data, indicating a direct gene‐dosage effect. It also correlated with enzyme activities, but less strongly. This suggests the existence of an efficient post‐transcriptional regulation, in particular for TS, whose level of expression varies over a wide range. Such variations may explain the diversity of responses to chemotherapy.
The infiltration of experimentally induced lung metastases of colon carcinoma CC531 by adoptively transferred interleukin‐2‐activated natural killer cells in wag rats
Authors: Kuppen Peter J. K. , Basse Per H. , Goldfarb Ronald H. , van Develde Cornells J. H. , Fleuren Gert Jan , Eggermont Alexander M. M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe number of IL‐2‐activated natural killer (A‐NK) cells reaching the tumor site in vivo may be crucial for their antitumor effect following adoptive immunotherapy. We investigated in a syngeneic rat model the infiltration of established lung metastases by adoptively transferred A‐NK cells. The Wag rat colon carcinoma CC531 was injected via a tail vein to induce pulmonary metastases. Syngeneic A‐NK cells were labeled with the fluorescent dye rhodamine (TRITC) and next injected via a tail vein in rats bearing day‐12 lung tumors. The number of A‐NK cells in tumor and in normal tissue per rat was counted in sections after administration of A‐NK cells. At all time points tested, a significant linear relationship between the cross‐section area of the tumor and the number of infiltrating cells was observed, but small tumor areas became fully infiltrated earlier than larger areas. At 24 hr after injection, approximately 10% of the injected cells were found in the tumor tissue and the average A‐NK‐cell‐to‐tumor‐cell ratio was estimated to be 1:3. A‐NK cells were found in the liver too, although the number of cells per mm2 tissue was low compared with the pulmonary tumor tissue. Very low numbers of A‐NK cells were found in kidney, adrenal gland, spleen, and blood. We conclude that, in this syngeneic rat model, adoptively transferred A‐NK cells are able to find and specifically infiltrate pulmonary metastases in a time‐dependent fashion.
Mimicry of a carcinoembryonic antigen epitope by a rat monoclonal anti‐idiotype antibody
Authors: Losman Michele J. , Novick Kristine E. , Goldenberg David M. , Monestier Marc 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAnti‐idiotype antibodies (Ab2) that immunologically mimic tumor antigens are auspicious agents for the active immunization of cancer patients. We have developed W12, a rat monoclonal IgG1 Ab2 to MN ‐14, a murine anti‐carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) monoclonal antibody. W12 is specific for MN‐14 and does not react with other isotype‐matched anti‐CEA monoclonal antibodies. Moreover, W12 inhibits the binding between MN‐14 and CEA. Anti‐CEA antibodies can be induced by immunization with W12 (but not with control rat IgG) in xenogenic animals (mice or rabbits). Immunoblotting studies indicate that the internal image determinant borne by W12 is conformational and requires the association of the heavy and light chains of the Ab2 molecule. This study indicates that W12 is a potential idiotype vaccine in patients with CEA‐producing cancers.
A variant actin (βm) reduces metastasis of mouse B16 melanoma
Authors: Shimokawa‐Kuroki Rie , Sadano Hiroyuki , Taniguchi Shun'Ichiro 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe recently reported an acidic actin co‐expressed with β and γ actin in mouse B16 melanoma, whose expression was inversely correlated with the metastatic potential. The cDNA for this actin is slightly different from the hitherto recognized mouse β actin cDNA, and we designated it βm actin. In order to directly investigate the effects of βm actin on metastasis, we transfected the βm actin cDNA into a re‐cloned B16‐BL6 cell line which is more invasive than the highly metastatic cell line, B16‐F10; we have already reported the suppressive effect of pm actin on the invasiveness of B16 F10. Here we report on the decline in the metastatic ability of βm‐transfected cells. In the pm‐transfected B16‐BL6 cell line, we observed an increase in the organization of actin stress fibers, accompanied by a decrease in metastasis to the lung, in the invasion of collagen gels, in In vivo invasive‐ness, and in cell migration on a glass plate covered with colloidal gold particles. We observed no correlation of pm actin expression either with cell attachment to Matrigel, or with type‐IV collagenase expression. These results suggest that βm actin can play a role in reducing the invasiveness of mouse B16 melanoma, most probably through decreasing cell motility, which may thus result in suppression of the metastatic ability of cells.