bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Elevating metaverse virtual reality experiences through network‐integrated neuro‐fuzzy emotion recognition and adaptive content generation algorithms
Authors: Khalaf Oshamah Ibrahim , Srinivasan Dhamodharan , Algburi Sameer , Vellaichamy Jeevanantham , Selvaraj Dhanasekaran , Sharif Mhd Saeed , Elmedany Wael 
Published: April 2024

AbstractInteractions between individuals and digital material have completely changed with the advent of the Metaverse. Due to this, there is an immediate need to construct cutting‐edge technology that can recognize the emotions of users and continuously provide material that is relevant to their psychological states, improving their overall experience. An inventive method that combines natural language processing adaptive content generation algorithms and neuro‐fuzzy‐based support vector machines natural language processing (SVM‐NLP) is proposed by researchers to meet this demand. With this merging, the Metaverse will be able to offer highly tailored and engaging experiences. Initially, a neuro‐fuzzy algorithm was developed to identify people's emotional moods from their physiological reactions and other biometric information. Fuzzy Logic and Support Vector Machine work together to manage the inherent ambiguity and unpredictability, which results in a more exact and accurate categorization of emotions. A key component of the ACGA is NLP technology, which uses real‐time emotional data to dynamically modify and personalize characters, stories, and interactive features in the Metaverse. The novelty of the proposed approach lies in the innovative integration of neuro‐fuzzy‐based SVM‐NLP algorithms to accurately recognize and adapt to users' emotional states, enhancing the Metaverse experience across various applications. The proposed method is implemented using Python software. This adaptive approach significantly enhances users' immersion, emotional involvement, and overall satisfaction within the augmented reality environment by tailoring information to their responses. The findings show that the SVM‐NLP emotion identification algorithm based on neuro‐fuzzy, has a high degree of accuracy in recognizing emotional states, which holds promise for creating a Metaverse that is more emotionally compelling and immersive. Stronger human–computer interactions and a wider range of applications, including virtual therapy, educational resources, entertainment, and social media networking, might be made possible by integrating SVM‐NLP. These sophisticated systems are around 92% accurate in interpreting the emotions.
Quality of life after surgical treatments for facial palsy: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: van der Lely Johannes N. , Nieuwdorp Niek J. , Smits Ineke C. A. W. , van Zijl Floris V. W. J. , Corten Eveline M. L. , Mureau Marc A. M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundFacial palsy profoundly affects patients' quality of life (QoL). We evaluated the effect of various surgical procedures on QoL using patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs) to provide evidence‐based recommendations for improved care.MethodsEmbase, Medline, Web of Science, Cochrane, and CINAHL were searched for studies on QoL in patients with facial palsy who had undergone reconstructive surgery with preoperative and postoperative data from validated PROMs. After conducting the quality assessment, data were subtracted from the articles. Meta‐analyses of subgroups were performed when study outcomes where compatible.ResultsIncorporating 24 studies (522 patients), our systematic review revealed consistent and significant QoL improvements following diverse reconstructive surgical procedures.ConclusionsOur systematic review and meta‐analysis showed the positive effects of different reconstructive surgical procedures on QoL of patients with facial palsy. These results support clinicians to better inform patients about their potential outcomes, optimizing informed and shared decision‐making and ultimately improving overall QoL in patients with facial palsy.
Long-term, landscape-level assessment of aquatic pesticide exposure to identify amphibian ontological traits affecting vulnerability
Authors: Awkerman Jill A. , Purucker Steven T. , Raimondo Sandy , Oliver Leah 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Amphibians worldwide are threatened by habitat loss, some of which is driven by a changing climate, as well as exposure to pesticides, among other causes. The timing and duration of the larval development phase vary between species, thereby influencing the relative impacts of stochastic hydroregime conditions as well as potential aquatic pesticide exposure. We describe the stages of breeding through metamorphosis for eight amphibian species, based on optimal hydroregime conditions, and use a model of pesticide fate and exposure representative of central Florida citrus groves to simulate hydrodynamics based on observed weather data over a 54-year period. Using the Pesticide in Water Calculator and Plant Assessment Tool, we estimated daily wetland depth and pyraclostrobin exposure, with label-recommended application quantities. Species' timing and duration of larval development determined the number of years of suitable hydroregime for breeding and the likelihood of exposure to peak aquatic concentrations of pyraclostrobin. Although the timing of pesticide application determined the number of surviving larvae, density-dependent constraints of wetland hydroregime also affected larval survival across species and seasons. Further defining categorical amphibian life history types and habitat requirements supports the development of screening-level assessments by incorporating environmental stochasticity at the appropriate temporal resolution. Subsequent refinement of these screening-level risk assessment strategies to include spatially explicit landscape data along with terrestrial exposure estimates would offer additional insights into species vulnerability to pesticide exposure throughout the life cycle. Computational simulation of ecologically relevant exposure scenarios, such as these, offers a more realistic interpretation of differential agrichemical risk among species based on their phenology and habits and provides a more situation-specific risk assessment perspective for threatened species. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2024;20:1667–1676. Published 2024. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
Key Points
Novel quantitative approaches to ecological risk assessment for amphibians include species life history and environmental stochasticity for a long-term perspective on variable breeding conditions in ephemeral wetlands and aquatic pesticide exposure effects to determine species vulnerability.
An overview of current assessment techniques for evaluating cutaneous perfusion in reconstructive surgery
Authors: Fiedler Lukas Sebastian , Daaloul Houda 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis article provides a comprehensive analysis of modern techniques used in the assessment of cutaneous flaps in reconstructive surgery. It emphasizes the importance of preoperative planning and intra‐ and perioperative assessment of flap perfusion to ensure successful outcomes. Despite technological advancements, direct clinical assessment remains the gold standard. We categorized assessment techniques into non‐invasive and invasive modalities, discussing their strengths and weaknesses. Non‐invasive methods, such as acoustic Doppler sonography, near‐infrared spectroscopy, hyperspectral imaging thermal imaging, and remote‐photoplethysmography, offer accessibility and safety but may sacrifice specificity. Invasive techniques, including contrast‐enhanced ultrasound, computed tomography angiography, near‐infrared fluorescence angiography with indocyanine green, and implantable Doppler probe, provide high accuracy but introduce additional risks. We emphasize the need for a tailored decision‐making process based on specific clinical scenarios, patient characteristics, procedural requirements, and surgeon expertise. It also discusses potential future advancements in flap assessment, including the integration of artificial intelligence and emerging technologies.
Pitfalls of ultrasound for deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremities
Authors: Gao Luying , Wang Yahong , Fu Shuai , Cai Sheng , Li Jianchu , Yang Xiao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractVenous ultrasound is the primary, widely accepted diagnostic tool to assess deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in the lower extremities. However, other focal lesions in the lower extremities can be identified on ultrasound. The sonographic appearance of these abnormalities may overlap the thrombosis, which included vascular tumors, Baker's cyst, hematoma, cancer thrombosis, and peripheral nerve tumors. This essay derives from cases diagnosed in our centers and published literature, with images available for illustrations, which may help to improve the clinical management of these findings.
Development and evaluation of a writing retreat program to build community and promote productivity in academic hospital medicine
Authors: Bonafide Christopher P. , Maletsky Kristin D. , Kenyon Chén , Doupnik Stephanie K. , Vasan Aditi , Rasooly Irit R. , Goldstein Laura , Galligan Meghan , Hart Jessica , Ruppel Halley , Feudtner Chris , Tenney‐Soeiro Rebecca 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundScientific writing is a core component of academic hospital medicine, and yet finding time to engage in deeply focused writing is difficult in part due to the highly clinical, 24/7 nature of the specialty that can limit opportunities for writing‐focused collaboration and mentorship.ObjectiveOur objective was to develop and evaluate an academic writing retreat program.MethodsWe drafted a set of key retreat features to guide implementation of a 3‐day, 2‐night retreat program held within a 2 h radius of our hospital. Agendas included writing blocks ranging from 45 to 90 min interspersed with breaks and opportunities for feedback, exercise, and preparing meals together. After each retreat, we distributed an evaluation with multiple choice and free text response options to characterize retreat helpfulness and later gathered data on the status of each paper and grant worked on.ResultsWe held 4 retreats between September 2022 and October 2023, engaging 18 faculty and fellows at a cost of $296 per attendee per retreat. In evaluations, nearly 80% reported that the retreat was extremely helpful, and comments praised the highly mentored environment, enriching community of colleagues, and release from commitments that get in the way of writing. Of the 24 papers attendees worked on, 12 have been accepted and 6 are under review. Of the 4 grant proposals, 2 are under review.ConclusionsWe implemented a low‐cost, productive writing retreat program that attendees reported was helpful in supporting deep work and represented a meaningful step toward building a community centered around academic writing.
Cocirculation and coinfection of multiple respiratory viruses during autumn and winter seasons of 2023 in Beijing, China: A retrospective study
Authors: Li Yi , Yu Jinhan , Wang Yao , Yi Jie , Guo Lina , Wang Qing , Zhang Ge , Xu Yingchun , Zhao Ying 
Published: April 2024

AbstractChina experienced severe epidemics of multiple respiratory pathogens in 2023 after lifting “Zero‐COVID” policy. The present study aims to investigate the changing circulation and infection patterns of respiratory pathogens in 2023. The 160 436 laboratory results of influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) from February 2020 to December 2023, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) from June 2020 to December 2023, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, adenovirus, and human rhinovirus from January 2023 to December 2023 were analyzed. We observed the alternating epidemics of SARS‐CoV‐2 and influenza A virus (IAV), as well as the out‐of‐season epidemic of RSV during the spring and summer of 2023. Cocirculation of multiple respiratory pathogens was observed during the autumn and winter of 2023. The susceptible age range of RSV in this winter epidemic (10.5, interquartile range [IQR]: 5–30) was significantly higher than previously (4, IQR: 3–34). The coinfection rate of IAV and RSV in this winter epidemic (0.695%) was significantly higher than that of the last cocirculation period (0.027%) (p < 0.001). Similar trend was also found in the coinfection of IAV and SARS‐CoV‐2. The present study observed the cocirculation of multiple respiratory pathogens, changing age range of susceptible population, and increasing coinfection rates during the autumn and winter of 2023, in Beijing, China.
Booster visits in the management of the acute musculoskeletal injuries: Transforming care to improve outcomes–A perspective review
Authors: Paterno Mark V. , Fitzgerald G. Kelley 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe current healthcare delivery system for patients with acute musculoskeletal injury is failing. Current rehabilitation management of acute musculoskeletal injury typically includes physical therapy, focused on management of impairments, with an eventual transition to functional activities and release to prior level of function. At that point, formal physical therapy is often discontinued, despite the knowledge that a high percentage of patients fail to maintain preinjury level of activity and often reduce participation in regular physical activity. Further, for those who attempt to return to prior levels of pivoting and cutting activities, there is a high second injury rate. The long‐term human experience is compromised by the current model of care which terminates at the point of transition to activity. This model of care fails to meet the continued needs of these patients and may result in long term deficits and potential disability. Extended care models include intermittent follow up visits after discharge from an acute episode of care and have been efficacious and cost effective in some patient populations with musculoskeletal conditions. Specifically, a type of extended care model, labeled “booster sessions,” represents an opportunity to provide structured, intermittent care to assist in a smooth transition back to function, following an acute episode of care and promote a healthier life outcome. This perspective review will discuss the opportunity to transform acute musculoskeletal care to booster visit care model in an attempt to develop a more efficacious and cost‐effective system of care which could be generalizable to all musculoskeletal conditions.
Speciation of arsenic in milk from cows fed seaweed
Authors: Xiong Chan , Petursdottir Asta H , Rikhardsson Gunnar , Stergiadis Sokratis , Raab Andrea , Feldmann Jörg 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDIncluding seaweed in cattle feed has gained increased interest, but it is important to take into account that the concentration of toxic metals, especially arsenic, is high in seaweed. This study investigated the arsenic species in milk from seaweed‐fed cows.RESULTSTotal arsenic in milk of control diets (9.3 ± 1.0 μg As kg−1, n = 4, dry mass) was significantly higher than seaweed‐based diet (high‐seaweed diet: 7.8 ± 0.4 μg As kg−1, P < 0.05, n = 4, dry mass; low‐seaweed diet: 6.2 ± 1.0 μg As kg−1, P < 0.01, n = 4, dry mass). Arsenic speciation showed that the main species present were arsenobetaine (AB) and arsenate (As(V)) (37% and 24% of the total arsenic, respectively). Trace amounts of dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) and arsenocholine (AC) have also been detected in milk. Apart from arsenate being significantly lower (P < 0.001) in milk from seaweed‐fed cows than in milk from the control group, other arsenic species showed no significant differences between groups.CONCLUSIONThe lower total arsenic and arsenate in seaweed diet groups indicates a possible competition of uptake between arsenate and phosphate, and the presence of AC indicates that a reduction of AB occurred in the digestive tract. Feeding a seaweed blend (91% Ascophyllum nodosum and 9% Laminaria digitata) does not raise As‐related safety concerns for milk. © 2024 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Clinical Productivity and Patient Complexity of Academic Rhinologists: An Analysis of Medicare Metrics
Authors: Warn Michael J. , Torabi Sina J. , Bitner Benjamin F. , Chan Daniella , Nguyen Theodore V. , Kuan Edward C. 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionCurrent data regarding reimbursement trends in Medicare services and the complexity of patients treated as physicians' progress in their academic career are conflicting. In otolaryngology, there are no data examining these metrics.MethodsMedicare services, reimbursement, and patient complexity risk scores (based on hierarchical condition category coding) of US rhinology fellowship‐trained faculty were stratified and compared by rank and years in practice.ResultsA cohort of 209 rhinologists were included. Full professors were reimbursed more per service than assistant professors ($791.53 [$491.69–1052.46] vs. $590.34 [$429.91–853.07] p = 0.045) and had lower risk scores (1.37 [1.26–1.52] vs. 1.49 [1.29–1.68], p = 0.013). Full professors had similar risk scores to associate professors (1.47 [1.25–1.64], p = 0.14). Full professors ($791.53 [$491.69–1,052.46], p < 0.001), associate professors ($706.85 [$473.48–941.15], p < 0.001), and assistant professors ($590.34 [$429.91–853.07], p < 0.001) were all reimbursed more per service than non‐ranked faculty ($326.08 [$223.37–482.36]). As a cohort, significant declines in risk scores occurred within the 10th–14th year of practice (p = 0.032) and after the 20th year (p = 0.038). Years in practice were inversely correlated with risk score (R = −0.358, p < 0.001).ConclusionFull professors were reimbursed more per service and treated less comorbid Medicare patients than junior academic colleagues. Patient comorbidity was correlated negatively with years in practice, with significant drops in mid and late career. Rhinologists employed at academic institutions had greater total reimbursement and reimbursement per service than non‐ranked faculty.Level of EvidenceN/A Laryngoscope, 134:3960–3964, 2024
Evaluation of Balance with Computerized Dynamic Posturography in Children with Otitis Media
Authors: Kaplan Büşra , Altın Büşra , Akyol Mehmet Umut , Aksoy Songül 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundOtitis media with effusion (OME) frequently leads to vestibular symptoms in children. However, young children face difficulty expressing their symptoms due to their limited language abilities.MethodsThe balance of study and patient group evaluated with computer dynamic posturography, single‐leg stance test with eyes closed and regular Head Impulse Test. The study group was assessed once again after the insertion of a ventilation tube two months later.ResultsIn the Sensory Organization Test, the scores for conditions 5, 6, and composite equilibrium of the preoperative patient group were notably lower compared with both the control and postoperative patient groups (p < 0.05). Additionally, a significant correlation was found between single‐leg stance test with eyes closed results and conditions 5, 6, and composite equilibrium scores.ConclusionThe impact of OME on the vestibular system is negative. This effect can be objectively assessed using Computer Dynamic Posturography and following tube insertion, there is a notable improvement in vestibular function. Furthermore, the single‐leg stance (SLS) test with eyes closed has shown its reliability in assessing balance disorders, notably in children with OME.Level of Evidence2 Laryngoscope, 134:4126–4133, 2024
Composite Hydrogel Containing Collagen‐Modified Polylactic Acid‐Hydroxylactic Acid Copolymer Microspheres Loaded with Tetramethylpyrazine Promotes Articular Cartilage Repair
Authors: Pan Yalan , Li Bin , Sun Xiaoxian , Tu Pengcheng , Guo Yang , Zhao Zitong , Wu Mao , Wang Yun , Wang Zhifang , Ma Yong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractArticular cartilage defects pose a significant challenge due to the limited self‐healing ability of cartilage. However, traditional techniques face limitations including autologous chondrocyte expansion issues. This study aims to investigate the effects of the polylactic acid‐glycolic acid (PLGA) and collagen‐surface modified polylactic acid‐glycolic acid (CPLGA) microspheres loaded with tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) on two cell types and the regeneration potential of articular cartilage. CPLGA microspheres are prepared by Steglich reaction and characterized. They evaluated the effect of TMP‐loaded microspheres on HUVECs (Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells) and examined the compatibility of blank microspheres with BMSCs (Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells) and their potential to promote cartilage differentiation. Subcutaneous implant immune tests and cartilage defect treatment are conducted to assess biocompatibility and cartilage repair potential. The results highlight the efficacy of CPLGA microspheres in promoting tissue regeneration, attributed to improved hydrophilicity and collagen‐induced mitigation of degradation. Under hypoxic conditions, both CPLGA and PLGA TMP‐loaded microspheres exhibit inhibitory effects on HUVEC proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis. Notably, CPLGA microspheres show enhanced compatibility with BMSCs, facilitating chondrogenic differentiation. Moreover, the CPLGA microsphere‐composite hydrogel exhibits potential for cartilage repair by modulating angiogenesis and promoting BMSC differentiation.
Geometric and analytic results for Einstein solitons
Authors: Agila Enrique F. L. , Gomes José N. V. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe compute a lower bound for the scalar curvature of a gradient Einstein soliton under a certain assumption on its potential function. We establish an asymptotic behavior of the potential function on a noncompact gradient shrinking Einstein soliton. As a result, we obtain the finiteness of its fundamental group and its weighted volume. We also prove some geometric and analytic results for constructing gradient Einstein solitons that are realized as warped metrics, and we give a few explicit examples.