bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiac Biomarkers in Patients with Permanent Pacemakers and Implantable Cardioverter‐Defibrillators Undergoing an MRI Scan
Authors: MOLLERUS MICHAEL , ALBIN GLENN , LIPINSKI MARGARET , LUCCA JILL 
Published: September 2008

Background:

Recent series suggest that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanning can be performed safely in select patients with pacemakers or implantable cardioverter‐defibrillators (ICDs). Limited data have been reported on cardiac biomarker release following MRI scans in patients with pacemakers. The current study evaluated cardiac biomarkers pre‐ and postscan in patients with permanent pacemakers or ICDs undergoing MRI scanning of any body region without peak specific absorption rate (SAR) limit.
Methods:

Thirty‐seven patients with a total of 75 leads underwent a total of 40 MRI scans of both truncal and nontruncal regions using usual protocols with standard peak SAR settings for the scan. No patient was pacemaker dependent. Pacemaker magnet mode and ICD therapy were disabled during the scan. Baseline cardiac troponin‐I and myoglobin levels were obtained immediate pre‐ and 6–12 hours postscan. Pacemaker capture thresholds were measured immediately pre‐ and postscan.
Results:

The median peak SAR was 2.4 (1.3, 3.2) W/kg for all scans. Cardiac troponin‐I was unchanged following an MRI scan (0.01 (0.01, 0.02) versus 0.01 (0.01, 0.02) ng/mL, P = 0.90). Capture thresholds were no different pre‐ and postscan (0.67 (0.50, 0.80) versus 0.70 (0.50, 0.79) V at 0.5 ms, P = 0.50).
Conclusions:

The current series suggests that an MRI scan may be performed safely in carefully selected patients with close monitoring during the scan without limitation on peak SAR level or body landmark. Furthermore, it is unlikely that an MRI scan will produce sufficient tissue heating to cause enough myocardial cell necrosis to result in cardiac biomarker release.
Circadian Rhythm of Appropriate Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator Discharges in Patients with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: KIERNAN THOMAS J. , WEIVODA PEGGY L. , SOMERS VIREND K. , OMMEN STEVE R. , GERSH BERNARD J. 
Published: September 2008

Aims:

To characterize the circadian pattern of implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD) discharges in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) without previous surgical myectomy or percutaneous alcohol septal ablation.
Methods and Results:

HCM patients without previous surgical myectomy or percutaneous alcohol septal ablation having undergone ICD insertion at Mayo Clinic from 1992 to 2005 were studied. Analysis of appropriate ICD discharges with respect to time of day was performed. During a mean follow‐up of 4.4 ± 4 years (P = 0.02), a total of 122 appropriate discharges were recorded. The average event rate for this group of patients was 4.3% per year. The circadian pattern reveals a pronounced peak in ICD discharges for the hours from 14:00 to 16:00. HCM patients receiving antiarrhythmic or β‐blocker therapy did not demonstrate a different circadian pattern compared with patients not receiving these medications.
Conclusion:

Analysis of the temporal distribution of ICD discharges in HCM patients without previous surgical myectomy or percutaneous alcohol septal ablation reveals a peak occurrence of ICD discharges during the period from 12:00 to 18:00 hours with the highest incidence between 14:00 and 16:00 hours. This is different from the well‐documented early morning peak observed in ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy patients.
Risk Factors for Atrioventricular Tachycardia Degenerating to Atrial Flutter/Fibrillation in the Young with Wolff‐Parkinson‐White
Authors: HARAHSHEH ASHRAF , DU WEI , SINGH HARINDER , KARPAWICH PETER P. 
Published: September 2008

Background:

Atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia (AVRT) is common in patients (pts) with Wolff‐Parkinson‐White (WPW) syndrome but atrial flutter/fibrillation (AF) with rapid ventricular response (RVR) is rare. Although AF occurs in 18% of adult WPW pts, its incidence in children is unknown. We sought to determine risk factors for AVRT spontaneously degenerating to AF during electrophysiologic studies (EPS) in children with WPW.
Methods:

This was a retrospective study of children with WPW referred for accessory pathway (AP) ablation without clinical AF. Standard electrophysiologic protocols were performed to induce AVRT. To determine if AF degeneration was associated with patient characteristics, 2‐sample t‐tests, Chi‐square, and Fisher's exact were used.
Results:

There were 53 (31 males) WPW pts studied. During EPS, AVRT degenerated to AF in 27/53 (51%). RVR was seen in 18/27 (67%) patients. The ventricular cycle length (CL) during AF was shorter with RVR (211 + 24 ms) than without (313 + 65 ms) (P = 0.01). AF occurred more commonly among patients with right anterior AP (P = 0.05). Patient gender, age, height, weight, body surface area, persistence of preexcitation on exercise testing, baseline CL, AVRT conduction, and AP number were not significant AF determinants. The AVRT CL was significantly shorter in patients with (265.2 + 41.5 ms) versus those without (308 + 59 ms) AF (P = 0.01). Preliminary data suggest that AP location may be related to patient ethnicity.
Conclusion:

AF with RVR occurred following AVRT induction during EPS in 34% of our WPW patients, typically associated with right‐sided AP locations. Time intervals for RVR to degenerate into ventricular fibrillation and lead to SCD are yet to be determined.
Automatic Magnetic‐Guided Electroanatomical Mapping and Remote‐Controlled Ablation of Atypical and Typical Atrial Flutter
Authors: SCHNEIDER MICHAEL A. E. , NEUSER HANS , KOLLER MARCUS L. , SCHUMACHER BURGHARD 
Published: September 2008

Two patients with inconclusive surface electrocardiogram patterns underwent nonfluoroscopy automatic mapping and remote‐controlled ablation of nonisthmus and isthmus‐dependent right atrial flutter.
Methods and Results:

A 0.08 magnetic vector force and a motor drive enable a complex steering of a new 8‐mm magnet tip electrode. The navigation system performs atrial electroanatomical mapping fully automatically. Total procedural fluoroscopy time for ablation of nonisthmus‐related atypical and isthmus‐dependent flutter was 8.5 and 3.2 minutes, respectively.
Conclusion:

Automatic electroanatomical mapping offers a promising option to effectively guide the remote‐controlled ablation of atrial reentry tachycardias and to reduce fluoroscopy time.
The Effects of Brain Natriuretic Peptide on Scar Formation in Incisional Rat Wounds
Authors: Taira Breena R. , Singer Adam J. , McClain Steve A. , Zimmerman Tom 
Published: September 2008

AbstractBackground:  Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a peptide that reduces scar formation in the heart by blocking transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β). Although TGF‐β is known to play a role in scar formation in the myocardium, little is known about the effects of BNP on cutaneous wound healing.Objectives:  The objective was to determine if the administration of BNP in healing cutaneous wounds reduces the amount of scarring.Methods:  This was a laboratory investigation using 40 wild‐strain rats. Three full‐thickness 1‐cm incisional wounds were created on each animal and randomized to intradermal BNP, saline, or no treatment. Wounds were excised at 3, 7, 14, 31, and 60 days and examined histologically for scar surface area and collagen architecture. Those wounds excised at 30 days were subjected to a measure of tensile strength and those excised at 60 days were evaluated prior to excision for cosmesis using a scar evaluation scale. The proportion of wounds healing without visually apparent scar was the main outcome. Groups were compared with Fisher’s exact and Kruskal‐Wallis tests.Results:  Wounds treated with BNP were more likely to heal without an apparent scar when compared to those treated with saline or control (37.5% vs. 0%, p = 0.03). There were no between‐group differences in the surface area of the scars or the collagen architecture. Incisional tensile strength was also similar across treatments.Conclusions:  Treatment of rat incisions with BNP reduced the number of visually apparent scars but did not affect the histologic appearance of the scars or the incisional tensile strength.
One‐year outcome of narrow diameter blasted implants for rehabilitation of maxillas with knife‐edge resorption
Authors: Veltri M. , Ferrari M. , Balleri P. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractObjectives: This study aimed at assessing the clinical outcome of narrow diameter implants in the treatment of knife‐edge edentulous maxillas of adequate bone height but inadequate width (class IV of Cawood and Howell).Material and methods: Twelve consecutive patients (eight women and four men, mean age 58 years) with class IV atrophic edentulous maxillas were included in the study. Seventy‐three microthreaded TiO2‐blasted implants were placed and the resonance frequency measured. All the implants had a diameter of 3.5 mm. After 6 months of submerged healing, fixed implant‐supported prostheses were delivered to the patients and resonance frequency and radiographic examinations performed. After the first year of loading, the implant outcome was again evaluated clinically, radiographically and with resonance frequency analysis.Results: All the implants were followed up to 1 year of loading and their survival rate was 100%. Bone loss after 1 year of loading was (mean±SD) 0.30±0.13 mm. Stability values were (mean±SD) 63±5.8 ISQ at placement, 60±4.7 ISQ at the abutment connection and 61±5 ISQ after 1 year of loading. A significant difference resulted between placement and abutment connection values (P=0.03).Conclusions: According to the present study, narrow implants may be used to restore edentulous maxillas with atrophies of class IV of Cawood and Howell. When planning the treatment of edentulous maxillas with such a resorption pattern, this possibility has to be considered as an alternative to more demanding grafting techniques.
Maxillary sinus‐floor elevation: an animal model
Authors: Estaca Elisa , Cabezas Javier , Usón Jesús , Sánchez‐Margallo Francisco , Morell Enrique , Latorre Rafael 
Published: September 2008

AbstractObjectives: To find an animal model for modified Caldwell–Luc procedure training. The animal model should have (1) a proper cortical thickness in the lateral wall; (2) a similar morphology and resistance of the Schneiderian membrane in humans; and, finally, (3) an oral approach.Materials and methods: Twelve fresh heads (four Merino sheep, four Murciano–Granadina goats and four Large–White pigs). Two skulls from each of these species were also used. Several three‐dimensional imagings from the skulls of each species were acquired using a C‐arm. Two fresh heads of each species were used to perform the modified Caldwell–Luc procedure. Two fresh heads of each species were firstly frozen at −30°C for 48 h and then sawed in blocks containing only the target region of the maxillary sinus.Results: The average thickness was 2.03 mm in goat and sheep and 2.80 in pig. Releasing and elevation of the Schneiderian membrane from the sinus floor were easy in the three species. The approach of the maxillary sinus in sheep, goat and pig from the buccal vestibule required a previous surgical enlargement of the buccal vestibule.Conclusions: In conclusion, the cortical bone thickness and Schneider membrane characteristics in Merina sheep and Murciano–Granadina goat allow a perfect training for the modified Caldwell–Luc procedure. However, the approach from the oral cavity needs, in these species, a previous enlargement of the buccal vestibule. The excessive thickness of the cortical bone restricts the use of pigs for this technique.
Performance of dental implants after staged sinus floor elevation procedures: 5‐year results of a prospective study in partially edentulous patients
Authors: Bornstein Michael M. , Chappuis Vivianne , Von Arx Thomas , Buser Daniel 
Published: September 2008

AbstractObjectives: The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the 5‐year performance and success rate of titanium screw‐type implants with the titanium plasma spray (TPS) or the sand‐blasted, large grit, acid‐etched (SLA) surface inserted in a two‐stage sinus floor elevation (SFE) procedure in the posterior maxilla.Material and methods: A total of 59 delayed SFEs were performed in 56 patients between January 1997 and December 2001, using a composite graft with autogenous bone chips combined with deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) or synthetic porous β‐tricalcium phosphate (β‐TCP). After a healing period averaging 7.75 months, 111 dental implants were inserted. After an additional 8–14‐week healing period, all implants were functionally loaded with cemented crowns or fixed partial dentures. The patients were recalled at 12 and 60 months for clinical and radiographic examination.Results: One patient developed an acute infection in the right maxillary sinus after SFE and did not undergo implant therapy. Two of the 111 inserted implants had to be removed because of a developing atypical facial pain, and 11 implants were lost to follow‐up and were considered drop‐outs. The remaining 98 implants showed favorable clinical and radiographic findings at the 5‐year examination. The peri‐implant soft tissues were stable over time; the mean probing depths and mean attachment levels did not change during the follow‐up period. The measurement of the bone crest levels (DIB values) indicated stability as well. Based on strict success criteria, all 98 implants were considered successfully integrated, resulting in a 5‐year success rate of 98% (for TPS implants 89%, for SLA implants 100%).Conclusion: This prospective study assessing the performance of dental implants inserted after SFE demonstrated that titanium implants can achieve and maintain successful tissue integration with high predictability for at least 5 years of follow‐up in carefully selected patients.
Spontaneous progression of peri‐implantitis at different types of implants. An experimental study in dogs. I: clinical and radiographic observations
Authors: Albouy Jean‐Pierre , Abrahamsson Ingemar , Persson Leif G. , Berglundh Tord 
Published: September 2008

AbstractAim: The aim of the present study was to analyze tissue reactions to plaque formation following ligature removal at commercially available implants exposed to experimental peri‐implantitis.Material and methods: Six Labrador dogs about 1 year old were used. All mandibular premolars and the three anterior premolars in both sides of the maxilla were extracted. After 3 months four implants representing four different implant systems with different surface characteristics – implant group A (turned), B (TiOblast), C (sandblasted acid‐etched; SLA) and D (TiUnite) – were placed in a randomized order in the right side of the mandible. Three months after implant installation experimental peri‐implantitis was initiated by placement of ligatures in a submarginal position and plaque accumulation. At week 12, when about 40–50% of the supporting bone was lost, the ligatures were removed. During the subsequent 24‐week period plaque accumulation continued. Radiographic and clinical examinations were performed during the ‘active breakdown’ period (plaque accumulation and ligatures) and the plaque accumulation period after ligature removal. The experiment was terminated at week 36.Results: The bone loss that took place during the ‘active breakdown’ period varied between 3.5 and 4.6 mm. The additional bone loss that occurred during the plaque accumulation period after ligature removal was 1.84 (A), 1.72 (B), 1.55 (C) and 2.78 mm (D).Conclusion: Spontaneous progression of experimentally induced peri‐implantitis occurred at implants with different geometry and surface characteristics. Progression was most pronounced at implants of type D (TiUnite surface).
Silencing for a Reason. Elizabeth Gaskell’s Cousin Phillis
Authors: Hansson Heidi , Norberg Cathrine 
Published: September 2008

The view of the emotionally volatile woman as a sharp contrast to the rational man is not compatible with Victorian understandings of women as passionless creatures devoid of true feelings. Elizabeth Gaskell dramatises this contradictory view of womanhood in her novella Cousin Phillis (1864) by showing that although women in nineteenth‐century fiction are depicted as slaves to their feelings, intense emotions are seen as the prerogatives of men. Thus, on the surface Cousin Phillis may be understood as a text that adheres to conventional gender codes. Gaskell’s representation of women and men, however, clearly indicates that women are emotionally and intellectually crippled in patriarchal societies.Self‐control and control of others are shown to be important factors for the structuring of gendered emotions, and if emotions have historically been gendered female, it is evident that the act of silencing and controlling has been gendered male. The gendered interplay of verbal and emotional expression and silencing, as well as a strict adherence to rationality before emotion, constitute the main themes in Gaskell’s novella. To reinforce the theme of silencing Gaskell’s role as producer of the text is concealed behind the voice of a male narrator.
Zinc concentration in serum and cerebrospinal fluid simultaneously decrease in children with febrile seizure: Findings from a prospective study in Bangladesh
Authors: Mollah M Abid Hossain , Rakshit Sudesh Chandra , Anwar Kazi Selim , Arslan M Iqbal , Saha Narayan , Ahmed Shakil , Azad Khademul , Hassan Tariq 
Published: September 2008

AbstractObjective: Since the underlying mechanisms of febrile seizure (FS) having multi‐factorial aetiology yet remains unclear, we conducted this prospectively designed cross‐sectional study to determine if there was any simultaneous change in zinc (Zn) concentration (conc.) in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) among the FS children in comparison to their matched non‐seizure febrile (NSF) peers.Methods: Zn concentration (level) in both serum (intravenous blood) and CSF (lumber puncture: LP) of 50 children with FS and 30 NSF peers (serving as control) were measured employing graphite furnace atomic absorbance spectrophotometer. Data were analysed to compare Zn level between two groups using appropriate statistical tools employing SPSS/Windows 12.0.Results: Mean Zn conc. in both serum and CSF was less in FS children (464.60 ± 64.57 and 46.28 ± 7.46, respectively) than their matched NSF peers (749.33 ± 73.19 μg/L and 111.28 ± 19.11 μg/L, respectively) showing significant differences both in serum (p < 0.001) and CSF (p < 0.001). None of serum or CSF‐Zn differed significantly with age, degree and duration of fever between FS and NSF peers. CSF‐Zn among these children showed an upward trend in LP specimen taken beyond 12 h following FS episodes.Conclusion and recommendation: Serum and CSF‐Zn simultaneously decreased in FS children in comparison to their matched NSF peers. Further prospectively designed multicentral studies are recommended to conduct in geographically diverse regions involving larger sample to confirm or refute our findings. It remains crucial in standardizing/strengthening national seizure prevention protocol with adequate Zn supplementation.
The outcome in newborns with congenital diaphragmatic hernia in a Norwegian region
Authors: Fredly S , Aksnes G , Viddal KO , Lindemann R , Fugelseth D 
Published: September 2008

AbstractAim: To evaluate the therapeutic strategies used in neonates with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) during the last 15 years in our department.Method: A retrospective study of 27 neonates with CDH treated at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at Ullevaal University Hospital between 1992 and 2006. Since 1992 we have used delayed operative repair and high‐frequency ventilation (HFV). Because surfactant replacement and inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) therapy have been used since 1997, we divided the patients into two groups; group 1 from 1992 to 1996 (9 patients) and group 2 from 1997 to 2006 (18 patients).Results: The overall survival was 70%. Group 1 had an exceptionally good outcome, 100% survival versus 56% in the last group.Conclusion: Pulmonary hypoplasia and pulmonary hypertension are still the most challenging factors in treatment of neonates with CDH, despite novel therapeutic modalities, such as HFV, surfactant and iNO. Delayed surgery in CDH allows pre‐operative stabilization. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation must be considered in the most severe cases.
Severe psychomotor and metabolic damages caused by a mutant thyroid hormone receptor alpha 1 in mice: can patients with a similar mutation be found and treated?
Authors: Vennström Björn , Mittag Jens , Wallis Karin 
Published: September 2008

AbstractIndividuals suffering from the resistance to thyroid hormone syndrome (RTH) have a mutation in thyroid hormone receptor (TR) β. Surprisingly, no patient with a mutation in TRα1 has been found. To facilitate their identification, animal models with a RTH‐like mutation in TRα1 have been generated. The mutations introduced into the mouse decrease affinity to ligand, resulting in a ‘receptor‐mediated hypothyroidism’ in tissues expressing the mutant receptor: brain, heart and bone. The mice present minor perturbances in thyroid hormone homeostasis, but show major aberrancies in postnatal development, psychomotor behaviour and metabolism. These parameters are akin to those seen in endemic cretinism and untreated congenital hypothyroidism. Treatment of the mice with high doses of triiodothyronine leads to normalization or amelioration of the dysfunctions when applied at adequate developmental periods.Conclusion: Our studies on mice suggest the existence of a potentially debilitating disease caused by a mutant TRα1, and provide insights for identification and treatment of corresponding patients.
Web‐based consultations for parents of children with atopic dermatitis: results of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Bergmo Trine S , Wangberg Silje C , Schopf Thomas R , Solvoll Terje 
Published: September 2008

AbstractAim: To analyse how web‐based consultations for parents of children with atopic dermatitis affect self‐management behaviour, health outcome, health resource use and family costs.Methods: Ninety‐eight children with atopic dermatitis were randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. The intervention group received remote dermatology consultations through a secure web‐based communication system. The control group was encouraged to seek treatment through traditional means such as general practitioner visits and hospital care. Both groups received an extensive individual educational session prior to the intervention.Results: Thirty‐eight percent of the intervention group used web‐based consultations 158 times ranging from 1 to 38 consultations per patient. We found no change in self‐management behaviour, health outcome or costs. The intervention group tended to have fewer visits to practitioners offering complementary therapies than the control group, and we found a positive correlation between emergency visits at baseline and messages sent. Both groups, however, reduced the mean number of skin care treatments performed per week and had fewer total health care visits after the intervention.Conclusion: We found no effect of supplementing traditional treatment for childhood dermatitis with web‐based consultations. This study showed that web consultations is feasible, but more research is needed to determine its effect on self‐management skills, health outcome and resource use.