bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictors of symptomatic response to glucosamine in knee osteoarthritis: an exploratory study: Table 1
Authors: Bennett Alexander N , Crossley Kay M , Brukner Peter D , Hinman Rana S 
Published: February 2007

Objective:To evaluate whether patient characteristics and/or radiographic disease patterns predict symptomatic response to treatment with glucosamine in osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee.Design:Exploratory prospective correlational study.Setting:Institutional.Patients:39 participants with chronic knee pain from the local community.Interventions:Glucosamine sulphate (1.5 g/day) for 12 weeks.Main outcome measures:Pain and physical function were assessed with visual analogue scales (VASs) and participant-perceived global change scores (GCSs). Regression modelling evaluated the relationship between treatment outcome and age, body mass index (BMI), pain and function self-efficacy and presence/absence of osteophytes in the medial and lateral tibiofemoral joint (TFJ) and patellofemoral joint (PFJ) compartments.Results:13 (33%) participants were men. The mean (SD) age and BMI were 53.6 (13.1) years and 27.9 (4.6) kg/m2, respectively. 13 (33%), 19 (49%) and 24 (62%) participants had medial TFJ, lateral TFJ and PFJ osteophytes, respectively. Glucosamine significantly improved pain (mean change on VAS =  −1.4, 95% CI −0.6 to −2.2; p = 0.002) and activity restriction (−1.9, 95% CI −1.0 to −2.8; p<0.001). At 12 weeks, 30 (77%) and 27 (69%) participants reported improvement in pain and physical function, respectively. Regression modelling showed that no evaluated variables predicted change in pain on VAS. Decreased function self-efficacy, presence of PFJ osteophytes and absence of medial TFJ osteophytes predicted functional improvement on VAS. BMI, pain self-efficacy and function self-efficacy predicted improvement in pain by GCS.Conclusions:Although glucosamine significantly improved symptoms, most of the variance in outcome at 12 weeks was unexplained by the predictors evaluated. However, glucosamine may be more effective at improving symptoms in patients with knee OA who have a lower BMI, PFJ osteophytes and lower functional self-efficacy.
Effects of acute salbutamol intake during supramaximal exercise in women
Authors: Le Panse Bénédicte , Arlettaz Alexandre , Portier Hugues , Lecoq Anne-Marie , De Ceaurriz Jacques , Collomp Katia 
Published: February 2007

Objective:To study the effects of an acute therapeutic oral intake of β2agonist on performance and substrate response during supramaximal exercise in women.Methods:12 healthy moderately trained female volunteers performed a Wingate test after ingestion of placebo (Pla) and salbutamol (Sal; 4 mg) according to a double-blind randomised crossover study. Blood samples were collected at rest, at the end of exercise and after 5 (r5), 10 (r10) and 15 (r15) min of passive recovery for adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), growth hormone (GH), insulin, blood glucose and lactate measurements.Results:Peak power (PP) and mean power (MP) significantly increased whereas time to peak power was significantly shorter with Sal than with Pla (p<0.05). No change was observed in the fatigue index. ACTH was not significantly modified but r15 growth hormone significantly decreased (p<0.05) after the intake of Sal. Both blood INS and blood glucose were significantly increased by the intake of Sal during all the experiments (p<0.01). Blood lactate was significantly increased by the intake of Sal compared with that of Pla (p<0.05) after 10 and 15 min of passive recovery.Conclusion:From these data, acute therapeutic oral intake of Sal seems to induce, irrespective of the subjects’ gender, an improvement in performance during a supramaximal exercise—that is, increase in PP and MP. Further studies are necessary to clarify whether the mechanisms involved in the response to intake of Sal are linked to central and/or peripheral pathways.
Ascorbate deficiency results in impaired neutrophil apoptosis and clearance and is associated with up-regulation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α
Authors: Vissers Margret C M , Wilkie Rachel P 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSome cells, including neutrophils, accumulate high intracellular ascorbate concentrations, which suggests that they have an important function in these cells. In this study we have used L-gulono-γ-lactone oxidase (Gulo)−/− mice, which are unable to synthesize ascorbate, to generate ascorbate-deficient neutrophils and have used these to investigate the effect of ascorbate on neutrophil function. Peritoneal neutrophils from ascorbate-deficient animals had normal morphology and respiratory burst activity but failed to undergo spontaneous apoptosis, determined by morphology and the surface expression of phosphatidylserine. Initially, there was increased cell survival, but death eventually occurred by necrosis within 48 h. Neutrophils persisted in thioglycollate-induced inflammation in Gulo−/Ȓ mice with the later appearance of necrotic cells, suggesting that apoptosis was also affected in vivo. Also, ascorbate-deficient neutrophils were not recognized by macrophages in an in vitro assay for phagocytosis, providing further evidence for defective apoptosis and clearance. Neutrophils from Gulo−/− mice had elevated levels of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α, a transcription factor regulated by Fe2+-dependent hydroxylases which require ascorbate for optimal activity. HIF-1α has been shown previously to inhibit neutrophil apoptosis under hypoxic conditions. Our results suggest that in ascorbate deficiency, up-regulation of HIF-1α blocks neutrophil apoptosis under normoxic conditions and that this represents a novel and important function for vitamin C in inflammatory cells.
Multi-Institutional Reciprocal Validation Study of Computed Tomography Predictors of Suboptimal Primary Cytoreduction in Patients With Advanced Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Axtell Allison E. , Lee Margaret H. , Bristow Robert E. , Dowdy Sean C. , Cliby William A. , Raman Steven , Weaver John P. , Gabbay Mojan , Ngo Michael , Lentz Scott , Cass Ilana , Li Andrew J. , Karlan Beth Y. , Holschneider Christine H. 
Published: February 2007

Purpose Identify features on preoperative computed tomography (CT) scans to predict suboptimal primary cytoreduction in patients treated for advanced ovarian cancer in institution A. Reciprocally cross validate the predictors identified with those from two previously published cohorts from institutions B and C. Patients and Methods Preoperative CT scans from patients with stage III/IV epithelial ovarian cancer who underwent primary cytoreduction in institution A between 1999 and 2005 were retrospectively reviewed by radiologists blinded to surgical outcome. Fourteen criteria were assessed. Crossvalidation was performed by applying predictive model A to the patients from cohorts B and C, and reciprocally applying predictive models B and C to cohort A. Results Sixty-five patients from institution A were included. The rate of optimal cytoreduction (≤ 1 cm residual disease) was 78%. Diaphragm disease and large bowel mesentery implants were the only CT predictors of suboptimal cytoreduction on univariate (P < .02) and multivariate analysis (P < .02). In combination (model A), these predictors had a sensitivity of 79%, a specificity of 75%, and an accuracy of 77% for suboptimal cytoreduction. When model A was applied to cohorts B and C, accuracy rates dropped to 34% and 64%, respectively. Reciprocally, models B and C had accuracy rates of 93% and 79% in their original cohorts, which fell to 74% and 48% in cohort A. Conclusion The high accuracy rates of CT predictors of suboptimal cytoreduction in the original cohorts could not be confirmed in the cross validation. Preoperative CT predictors should be used with caution when deciding between surgical cytoreduction and neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
Cunila leucantha and C. polyantha (Lamiaceae), confused neotropical species
Authors: García-Peña María del Rosario , Chiang Fernando 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIt is established that Cunila leucantha Kunth ex Schltdl. & Cham. and C. leucantha Benth. are independent names apparently applying to different species. Lectotypification of C. leucantha Kunth ex Schltdl. & Cham. is effected; application of the name Cunila leucantha Benth. to any known species is uncertain. Cunila leucantha Kunth ex Schltdl. & Cham. has been confused with and treated as C. polyantha Benth., although the two are distinct species and easily distinguished by inflorescence characters. The identity of the collector of the type specimen of C. polyantha is clarified.
Epitypification and taxonomic elucidation of some Brazilian taxa of Cyrtopodium R. Br. (Orchidaceae)
Authors: de Barros Fábio , Batista João A. Nogueira , de Bem Bianchetti Luciano 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA taxonomic review is presented of the taxa of the genus Cyrtopodium R. Br. (Orchidaceae) recently described by L. C. Menezes. As the types of most of the names of these taxa are vegetative specimens, and therefore generally useless for specific recognition, the authors designate epitypes for eight of them: C. aureum L. C. Menezes, C. braemii L. C. Menezes, C. caiapoense L. C. Menezes, C. cipoense L. C. Menezes, C. fowliei L. C. Menezes, C. holstii L. C. Menezes, C. sarneyanum L. C. Menezes, and C. withneri L. C. Menezes. Furthermore, C. sarneyanum L. C. Menezes, C. paludicolum var. goiandirense L. C. Menezes, C. paranaense var. pickelii Hoehne, and C. vernum var. fulvum L. C. Menezes are placed in synonymy of C. braemii L. C. Menezes, C. paludicolum Hoehne, C. andersonii (Lamb. ex Andrews) R. Br., and C. poecilum Rchb. f. & Warm., respectively. Since the distribution of terrestrial species of Cyrtopodium is strongly correlated with soil type, soil humidity, and surrounding vegetation, comments on habitat preferences of most species are also given.
Relationships among the Macaronesian members of Tolpis (Asteraceae: Lactuceae) based upon analyses of inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers
Authors: Mort Mark E. , Crawford Daniel J. , Santos-Guerra Arnoldo , Francisco-Ortega Javier , Esselman Elizabeth J. , Wolfe Andrea D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWith the advent of PCR and DNA sequencing, DNA data have been widely applied to the assessment of relationships among taxa of recent origin (e.g., island endemics). Numerous recent studies have used DNA sequence data and/or cpDNA RFLPs to reconstruct phylogeny for many members of the Macaronesian flora. One such genus that has received attention recently is Tolpis (Asteraceae: Lactuceae). Sequences of the cpDNA gene ndhF provided strong support for a clade comprising species of Tolpis that are largely endemic to Macaronesia, to the exclusion of several European taxa that had previously been placed within the genus. Subsequently, cpDNA RFLP data were used to assess the biogeography and potential patterns of dispersal within the genus. However, relationships among species of Tolpis present on the Canary Islands were not well‐resolved. Analyses of intersimple sequence repeat (ISSR) data were employed to assess relationships among species of Tolpis from the Canary Islands and Madeira. The five primers used across 80 individuals from 10 populations of seven species resulted in 48 bands that could be scored consistently. Neighbor‐joining and parsimony analyses indicate close relationships among individuals within populations and differentiation among allopatric conspecific populations. In agreement with prior molecular results, the Canarian species form a well‐supported group. Both neighbor‐joining and parsimony analyses of ISSR markers resolve relationships (often with bootstrap support) among species, something that was not achieved previously. The present study demonstrates the potential of hypervariable single‐locus markers for elucidating relationships in rapidly radiating lineages, many of which occur in oceanic archipelagos.
Phylogeny of Pericallis (Asteraceae): a total evidence approach reappraising the double origin of woodiness
Authors: Swenson Ulf , Manns Ulrika 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe report the results from parsimony analyses of all 14 recognized species in Pericallis (Asteraceae, Senecioneae), one based on morphology and one based on combined data from morphology and molecular sequences of the nuclear internal transcribed spacer (ITS) using gap coding. Pericallis is restricted to the Macaronesian archipelago in the Atlantic Ocean. Recently it was suggested that woodiness, a character frequently developed in vascular plants on oceanic islands, evolved twice in Pericallis and that the genus had a New World biogeographic affinity. A morphological study was therefore pertinent to test if the hypothesis of multiple origins of woodiness is supported by morphology and/or total evidence. Our results show an evidently young taxon with many polymorphic characters. Monophyly of Pericallis is strongly supported and a close relationship with the African genus Cineraria is suggested. It therefore seems plausible that Pericallis has a biogeographic affinity to Africa rather than to the New World. Morphology alone indicates that the ancestral state for Pericallis was woody. Combined data are indecisive if woodiness evolved several times, but an alternative explanation is that woodiness might have been a plesiomorphic character state present in a shrubby ancestor that once colonized Macaronesia. The herbaceous habit is a novelty, derived from woody ancestors. Pericallis tussilaginis, a herbaceous species, embodies conflicting phylogenetic signals; further research is needed to understand its origin. A clade of five taxonomically complex herbaceous species is postulated to have had recent origin and undergone rapid diversification.
Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) variation within and among populations of Hypochaeris acaulis (Asteraceae) of Andean southern South America
Authors: Tremetsberger Karin , Stuessy Tod F. , Guo Yan-Ping , Baeza Carlos M. , Weiss Hanna , Samuel Rosabelle M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAFLP variation has been assessed within and among populations of Hypochaeris acaulis (Asteraceae), a species isolated in moist seeps and rivulets throughout its range in the southern Andes. Plants in seven populations were sampled with six pairs of primer combinations. Genetic affinities were calculated by Nei­Li distance, and relationships were determined by neighbor­joining. All individuals, except two, clustered with other members of their same population. These results suggest restricted gene flow among populations, perhaps resulting from limited dispersal capability. It was estimated that a migrant is exchanged between two randomly chosen populations approximately once in eight generations, a low level of genetic exchange. A correlation of geographic and genetic distances is seen among populations, corresponding to isolation by distance. Genetic variation largely resides among populations (67.9%) rather than within (32.1%). No deep genetic divisions larger than those seen among the populations were revealed, suggesting no major biogeographic impacts, except for possible isolation of individual populations due to recent local Pleistocene glaciation. A positive correlation of genetic variation exists with population size, and a strong correlation exists with observed flowering and fruiting behavior. Pollen/ovule ratios were used to suggest that the species is facultatively autogamous, a breeding system that would be consistent with the observed pattern of genetic variation.
Determination of sulfanilamide based on the Mn(II)-catalyzed oscillating chemical reaction
Authors: Gao Jinzhang , Lv Dongyu , Yang Wu , Wei Xiaoxia , Qu Jie , Chen Hua , Dai Hongxia , Ren Jie 
Published: February 2007

Abstract
A convenient and sensitive method for determination of sulfanilamide (SNA) was described based on the Mn(II)-catalyzed oscillating chemical reaction. Under optimum conditions, a linear relationship existed between the changes of oscillating period or amplitude and the negative of logarithm of SNA concentration in the range of 4.27 × 10−8 mol ·L−1 ∼ 7.41 × 10−6 mol ·L−1 (RSD, 0.85%) and 9.33 × 10−8 mol ·L−1 ∼ 3.02 × 10−6 mol ·L−1 (RSD, 1.08%), respectively. The lower limit of detection was found to be 2.69 × 10−8 mol ·L−1 and 6.03 × 10−8 mol ·L−1, respectively.
Multinuclear enantiopure titanium self‐assembly complexes—synthesis, characterization and application to organic synthesis
Authors: Schetter Bernd , Stosiek Christoph , Ziemer Burkhard , Mahrwald Rainer 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHexa‐ and nonanuclear titanium complexes were obtained by self‐assembly of titanium(IV)‐tert‐butoxide and D‐mandelic acid. Suitable single crystals of these complexes were characterized by X‐ray structure analysis. When used with these complexes, aldol adducts were isolated with a high degree of regioselectivity in direct aldol additions of aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes to functionalized unsymmetrical ketones. High syn‐diastereoselectivities were obtained in aldol additions of enolizable aldehydes with hydroxyacetone and methoxyacetone. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Accelerated damage accrual among men with systemic lupus erythematosus: XLIV. Results from a multiethnic US cohort
Authors: Andrade Rosa M. , Alarcón Graciela S. , Fernández Mónica , Apte Mandar , Vilá Luis M. , Reveille John D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the impact of the patient's sex on the manifestations and outcome of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).MethodsWe studied SLE patients who were ages 16 years or older and had a disease duration of ≤5 years at the time of enrollment in the LUpus in MInorities, NAture versus nurture cohort, a multiethnic cohort consisting of Hispanic, African American, and Caucasian patients. Socioeconomic/demographic, clinical, and serologic features, as well as disease activity (by the Systemic Lupus Activity Measure, Revised) and damage accrual (by the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index) were compared between male and female patient groups. Multivariable analyses using male sex and damage accrual as dependent variables were then performed.ResultsSixty‐three male SLE patients (10.2%) from all ethnic groups were included. The mean ages of the male and female patients were comparable. Factors that were either more frequent or tended to be more frequent among male SLE patients were Caucasian ethnicity, smoking, alcohol use, lupus anticoagulant (LAC) positivity, and renal involvement, whereas musculoskeletal involvement was less common. American College of Rheumatology criteria accrual time and disease duration were shorter in the male patients; damage was more common and of higher magnitude in this group. LAC positivity, shorter disease duration, and higher early damage scores were independently associated with male SLE. Male sex was a strong predictor of baseline damage, measured as a categorical variable (t‐test = 2.357, β‐standardized coefficient 0.113; P = 0.019) or a continuous variable (hazard ratio 3.179 [95% confidence interval 1.999–5.056]; P < 0.001). Male sex was also positively associated with the development of damage over most of the course of the disease.ConclusionPoorer long‐term prognosis among men with SLE appears to be decisively determined by their accelerated development of damage, particularly early in the course of the disease.
Colon cancer management and outcome in relation to individual hospitals in a defined population
Authors: Sjövall A , Holm T , Singnomklao T , Granath F , Glimelius B , Cedermark B 
Published: February 2007

Abstract

Background
The Stockholm and Gotland region in Sweden has a common management protocol for the treatment of colon cancer. The aim of this study was to assess the management and treatment of colon cancer in the region and to try to identify ways to improve the outcome further.

Methods
Clinical data on all patients diagnosed with colon cancer in the region's nine hospitals between January 1996 and December 2000 were prospectively collected. Patients were followed until December 2004, and their management and outcome analysed.

Results
Colon cancer was diagnosed in 2775 patients. An elective operation was performed in 2116 (76·3 per cent) patients and an emergency procedure in 590 (21·3 per cent). Emergency surgery was an independent risk factor for death. The crude overall cumulative 5-year survival was 46·2 per cent. A multivariable analysis of risk of dying and risk of local recurrence showed significant differences between hospitals. The number of lymph nodes examined in the specimens also differed between hospitals.

Conclusion
Differences in the management and outcome of colon cancer in the nine hospitals, despite a common management protocol, indicate a need for improving collaboration between hospitals and multidisciplinary management.
Frequency and impact of extracolonic findings detected at computed tomographic colonography in a symptomatic population
Authors: Khan K Y , Xiong T , McCafferty I , Riley P , Ismail T , Lilford R J , Morton D G 
Published: February 2007

Abstract

Background
Extracolonic findings are frequently recognized alongside colonic pathology at computed tomographic colonography (CTC). This study assessed the clinical impact of extracolonic findings in a symptomatic population at high risk of colorectal cancer.

Methods
CTC was performed in a consecutive cohort of patients assessed in a fast-track colorectal cancer clinic as being at high risk of colorectal cancer. A review of CTC findings and case notes was undertaken. Patients with extracolonic findings were followed up for at least 12 months.

Results
Thirty-one (13·8 per cent) of 225 patients investigated by CTC had colorectal cancer. Extracolonic findings were identified in 81 (53·3 per cent) of 152 patients with normal or non-neoplastic bowel findings, compared with 27 (37 per cent) of 73 patients with colorectal neoplasia (P = 0·025). Twenty-four patients (10·7 per cent) with extracolonic findings underwent further investigation or treatment. The median duration of investigation was 19·5 weeks. Seventy-five clinical events were recorded, including 14 surgical procedures.

Conclusion
A prospective cost–benefit analysis of diagnostic CTC should be performed before it is established as a first-line investigation for colonic symptoms.
Apolipoprotein E phylogeny and evolution
Authors: Kasap Murat , Sazci Ali , Akpinar Gurler , Ergul Emel 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAmong apolipoproteins, apolipoprotein E (Apo E) plays a pivotal role in lipid transport and is proposed to be involved in neural repair. Because of a long divergence history of apolipoproteins, it is unclear how Apo E evolved in time. To investigate relationships among Apo E proteins, we used the information from molecular data and analysed the phylogeny of Apo E proteins from various species. Several phylogenetic trees were generated by using both character‐based and distance‐based phylogenetic methods. Apo E sequences of fish and frog were found to be less related to the Apo E sequences of other species. The most likely ancestor of Apo E among 18 organisms was estimated to be the Apo E of frog. Members of the groups formed by the Apo E proteins of various species shared similar feeding habits and diet. It may be suggested that Apo E evolution and very likely the evolution of other apolipoproteins are influenced by the organism's feeding environment and diet. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.