bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sleep quality and depression during pregnancy: a prospective study
Authors: SKOUTERIS HELEN , GERMANO CARMELA , WERTHEIM ELEANOR H. , PAXTON SUSAN J. , MILGROM JEANNETTE 
Published: May 2008

SummaryFor the first time, the relationship between depressive symptoms and sleep quality was explored prospectively during pregnancy. Participants (n = 273) completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Beck Depression Inventory at three 8‐week intervals, starting from 15–23 weeks gestation. In addition to sleep quality and depression remaining relatively stable during pregnancy, findings revealed that sleep quality earlier in pregnancy predicted higher levels of depressive symptoms at later stage in pregnancy (after controlling for prior depression levels). In contrast, there was no evidence to suggest that depressive symptoms earlier in pregnancy impacted on sleep quality later on. Given that depressive symptomatology can lead to major depression and given the prevalence of pre‐ and postnatal depression, our findings suggest that screening for sleep problems during pregnancy may be of clinical significance.
Variability of Coulter Counter Data and their Relationship with Other Oceano‐graphical Parameters
Authors: Flos Jordi 
Published: May 2008

Abstract. Coulter counter data (from the upper 100 m of water) gathered during a cruise in October, 1976 in the Spanish waters of the Western Mediterranean are analysed in this paper. The ANOVA shows that the main sources of variability are the geographical situation and the depth level, while the sampling method especially affects the results for the larger particles. Repeating the counting in the same sample also introduces some changes which have less importance in the overall sense. Correlations of the particle counts with chlorophyll a, total POC and PON, POC and PON above 200u.m, estimated POC based on the particle size spectra, and SECCHI disc visibility were calculated and are discussed in order to assess the kind of information given by seston counts obtained from two different sampling methods and expressed both in absolute values (ppm by volume) and as a percentage of volume for the different channels.Some striking results arise which suggest that the use of a Coulter counter together with some kind of sample treatment might give an insight into the qualitative and quantitative characterization of the pelagic ecosystem.
Initial Colonization Stages on Rocky Coastal Substrates
Authors: Niell F. X. , Varela M. 
Published: May 2008

Abstract. This paper is the quantitative description of the first month of colonization of rocky intertidal substrates. The results are discussed in the light of general ecological theory.The relationship between general ecological theory and recent findings on energy dissipation and structure of biological systems is examined. Some behavioural characteristics of the studied communities are compared with those described in systems with more than one month of growth after initial colonization.
Subtidal Benthic Macroinfauna in an Estuary of South Chile: Distribution Pattern in Relation to Sediment Types
Authors: Jaramillo E. , Mulsow S. , Pino M. , Figueroa H. 
Published: May 2008

Abstract.A quantitative survey (18 stations) of the subtidal soft bottom macroinfauna in an estuary of the south Chilean coast was conducted during January, 1980. The map of sedimentological facies elaborated for the Queule River Estuary shows sandy bottoms in the outlet and upper part of the area studied, while the middle part is occupied by muddy sand. The ordination of stations by Principal Component Analysis is fundamentally defined by mud and gravel percentage and is, in general, concordant with the distribution of sediments in the facies map. A total of 17,405 animals was collected (16 taxa),Polychaetabeing the dominant group in density (77.47%) and biomass (73.4%). The maximum number of species was obtained outside the mouth of the estuary, while maximum densities and biomass were obtained in the middle of the estuary.The Factor Analysis performed with the abundances data of the most abundant species rendered the ordination of two groups of stations (concordant with a Cluster Analysis) in the Q‐mode and two groups of species in the R‐mode. One group of stations is restricted to sandy habitats of the outlet area and is dominated by suspension feeders. The other, in the middle and upper part of the estuary (muddy sand or sandy bottoms with a higher percentage of organic matter), is dominated by deposit feeders. Between these two groups, significant differences in sedimentological variables (sand, mud, and organic matter percentage) were detected. Each of the two delineated groups of species corresponds to the groups of stations, showing that most of the taxa can be combined in faunal assemblages with preference for different types of substrate.
Der Einfluß einiger aÜßerer Faktoren auf die geschiechtliche Entwicklung und die Segmentbildung bei Anaitides mucosa (Annelida, Polychaeta, Phyllodocidae)
Authors: Röhrkasten Axel 
Published: May 2008

Abstract. The influence of some exogenous factors (temperature, day‐length, starving, amputation of caudal segments) on oocyte development and on somatic growth in the polychaete Anaitides mucosa has been investigated. Animals from Wimereux (France) were maintained in the laboratory from September to April. Like in other polychaetes with a breeding season in early spring oocytes grow in two waves. The second one only occurs after spawning of the first and shows an accelerated growth. Low temperatures (5 oC) (i. e. winter conditions) are essential for a qualitative normal development of the first wave, whilst higher temperatures (15 oC) totally suppress maturation of oocytes and reproduction. The influence of day‐length, however, is probably without importance. Starving and amputation of caudal segments to do not produce significant changes in the growth rate of oocytes, either. In contrast, the somatic growth is most extensive at high temperatures (15 oC) and long‐day photoperiods (LD 16/8).ZusammenfassungEine normal verlaufende Entwicklung der Oocyten von Anaitides mucosa findet nur während einer längeren Periode mit niedrigen Temperaturen (5oC) statt.Hungerbedingungen und Regenerationsprozesse, ausgelöst durch die Amputation caudaler Segmente, beeinflussen die Entwicklung der Oocyten bei niedrigen Temperaturen nicht. Die Oocytenentwicklung ist nicht abhängig von der Photoperiode.Das somatische Wachstum ist dagegen an höhere Temperaturen (15 oC) und in geringerem Umfange an Langtag‐Bedingungen (LD 16/8) gebunden.
Growth Dynamics in Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile
Authors: Pirc Helmut 
Published: May 2008

Abstract. Amounts of photosynthate in the rhizomes, in photosynthetically inactive basal parts of the leaves and different old leaf blades were examined. Winter leaf growth was supported by mobilisation of starch in the rhizome. This winter growth enables Posidonia oceanica to utilize the increased energy influx in early spring via the substantial leaf area already developed and to approach highest productivity in spring. During summer and autumn considerable concentrations of soluble carbohydrates were found in the leaves and rhizomes. Starch was stored in the rhizomes in concentrations of up to 6.8 % of dry weight. Levels of nitrogen and free amino acids were correlated with growth rates. The percentage of total nitrogen present as free amino acid‐nitrogen decreased from November (35 %) to summer (less than 1 %), by which time leaf growth had stopped. In contrast to this, amounts of organic anions were low in winter and spring and reached their maximum in summer.Within a shoot, sites of leaf growth were characterized by high amounts of total nitrogen and free amino acids (innermost leaves), while carbon Fixation was highest in the leaves #2–#4. Particularly high concentrations of soluble carbohydrates were found midway along leaf blades.It is evident that this unusual growth rhythm of Posidonia oceanica was only possible because of the ability to store considerable amounts of carbon and nitrogen in the rhizomes.The results of this investigation demonstrate on the one hand that the chemical composition of the plant is strongly correlated with growth and production, and on the other hand that it is dependent on environmental factors, such as energy influx and temperature, which change with season.
Tricellaria inopinata, n. sp., un nouveau Bryozoaire Cheilostome de la faune méditerranéenne
Authors: D'Hondt Jean‐Loup , Ambrogi Anna Occhipinti 
Published: May 2008

Abstract. Tricellaria inopinata n. sp., is described from the lagoon of Venice. This is the first record of the genus Tricellaria from the Mediterranean Sea.RésuméDescription ?une espèce nouvelle de Bryozoaire, trouvée dans la lagune de Venise, dans un canal navigable, près du centre de la ville. Elle appartient au genre Tricellaria, dont la distribution connue est surtout boréale et indo‐pacifique. Bien que présente dans quatre stations seulement, cette espèce apparait bien installée dans la communauté qui colonise le biotope étudié.
Polymorphic Zooids in Deitaic Species Populations of Conopeum seurati (CANU, 1928) (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata)
Authors: Poluzzi Angelo , Sabelli Bruno 
Published: May 2008

Abstract. Deltaic populations of Conopeum seurati from diverse environmental settings have variable phenotypes related to strong competitive regimes and to dissolved oxygen minima. Under extremely stressful conditions, the poorly canalized phenotype of C. seurati displays new additional features such as kleistozooids (kleistós= closed) and chaotic celleporoid layers. Kleistozooids are clearly distinguishable polymorphs characterized by the presence of a compact, imperforate frontal membrane and by a strongly reduced lumen of the “opesium”. They commonly aggregate in clusters of regularly‐arranged individuals that store a large quantity of proteic material. The inferred function of these cell‐like structures is to supply nutrients for basic colony activities. Celleporoid layers are, possibly, a developmental relaxation of the colony of C. seurati for a more efficient use of space in competitive interactions.Both celleporoid layers and kleistozooids reveal the magnitude of intracolony variability of a widespread opportunistic bryozoan species.
The Effect of Salinity and Temperature Gradients on the Distribution of Littoral Microalgae in Experimental Solar Ponds, Dead Sea Area, Israel
Authors: Dor Inka , Ehruch Aline 
Published: May 2008

Abstract. Several species of cyanobacteria, diatoms and one euglenid alga populated the littoral zone of hypersaline solar ponds investigated over a period of three years. The composition of the microalgae community changed with salinity and temperature. In the shallow marginal zone the diatoms predominated in winter and spring, at salinities of 30–72 g‐1‐1 and at temperatures not exceeding 30o°C, whereas in summer, cyanobacteria were the most abundant. In the deeper zone, at higher salinities and temperatures, cyanobacteria predominated throughout the year. The depth limit of algal growth was 60‐80cm, where salinity and temperature exceeded 211 g‐1‐1 and 48°C.The most euryhaline and eurythermal among cyanobacteria were Aphanolhece halophytica Fremy and Phormidium hypolimneticum Campbell, among diatoms Nitzschia sp. aff. N. rostellata Hustedt, Amphora coffeaeformis (Agardh) Kutzing, and Navicula massadaea Ehrlich.
Metamorphose des Larves d'Echinides en Pleine Eau Metamorphosis of Echinoid Larvae in Midwater
Authors: Fenaux Lucienne , Pedrotti Maria Luiza 
Published: May 2008

Abstract. Postlarvae and competent larvae of five species of echinoids (Genoadaris metadata, Arbticia lixula, Puracentrolus lividus, Echinocyamus pusillus, and Ediinocardiurn cordulum) were found in vertical hauls taken in the upper layer of the water column (30‐0 m). Competence of larvae was associated with both the extrusion of the adult rudiment and the retraction of the epidermis of the arms. Postlarvae of A. lixida were found offshore in areas where the sea floor is at a depth of more than 2(K)C.m. The occurrence of postlarvae far from their settlement grounds questions the necessity of a suitable benthic substrate to induce metamorphosis. Hypotheses dealing with the possibility of undergoing metamorphosis in midwater are discussed.RésuméDes larves compétentes et des post‐larves de trois échinides réguliers: Arbacia lixula, Genocidaris maculata, Paracentrotus lividus et du clypéastréide Echinocyamus pusillus ont été trouvées dans des pêches verticales effectueés dans des couchesd'eaux superficielles (30‐0 m). Les larves compétentes montrent les caractéristiques consideréés comme des phénomènes irréversibles de la métamorphose: évagination du rediment et rétraction de 'épiderme des bras larvaires. Des post‐larves de 'oursin A. lixula ont été récoltées dans des pêches pratiquées loin de la côte au‐dessus de fonds de plus de 2000m. La présence de ces post‐larves loin des sites de recrutement des juvéniles pose le problème de la necessité du choix d'un substrat benthique pour que les évènements qui caractérisent la métamorphose puissent être induits. Ce problème et les hypothèses sur la possibilité d'une induction en pleine eau est discuté.
The Effects of Zn, Mn, and Co Accumulation on Growth and Chemical Composition of Fucus vesiculosus L under Different Temperature and Salinity Conditions
Authors: MUNDA IVKA M. , HUDNIK V. 
Published: May 2008

Abstract. Combined effects of temperature, salinity, and metal enrichment (Zn, Mn, Co) on the growth rate and chemical composition of Fucus vesiculosus L. were studied in culture. Factorial combinations of two temperatures and three salinities were used. The results indicated that the accumulation of Zn and Mn into algal tissue was enhanced by dilution of the media, whereas Co accumulation exhibited maxima at the medium salinity. Zn accumulation was enhanced by temperature, while the opposite was true for Mn and Co.In the presence of metals the usual dilution‐induced changes in growth activity and chemical composition of Fucus plants were altered, while responses to the temperature factor remained unchanged. In diluted media, growth activity and mannitol content decreased along with a simultaneous increase of protein content. In the presence of Zn and Mn the mannitol content exhibited peaks at the medium salinity; in the presence of Co the dilution‐induced pattern remained unchanged. Salinity‐induced changes in growth and protein content were altered in the presence of metals. Maxima in growth rates were found at the medium salinity. Growth was higher in extremely diluted media than in scawater, indicating an inversion of responses to the salinity factor. Both the growth rate and mannitol content were lowest under the influence of Zn.
Book Reviews
Authors: Nebelsick Monika 
Published: May 2008

Book reviewed in this article:Westheide, W. & C. O. Hermans (Eds.): The Ultrastructure of Polychaeta. Microfauna Marina, Vol. 4. Ed.: P. Ax, Veröffentl. der Akademie der Wissenschaften u. der Literatur, Mainz. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart, New York, 1988. 494 pp., numerous figs. Hard cover; DM 118,—.
Ecology of Nematodes in the Mediterranean Seagrass Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile 1. General Part and Faunistics of the Nematode Community
Authors: Novak Rudolf 
Published: May 2008

Abstract. The nematode fauna of the phytal region of a stand of the Mediterranean seagrass Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile was studied in a shallow subtidal location (5 m) at the island of Ischia (Gulf of Naples, Italy). During a one year's growth‐cycle of the seagrass, abundance and faunal composition of the nematode community were investigated in a stratified sampling survey. Ninety seven species of nematodes were found.Nematode density and biomass ranged from 1.3 · 105 indiv. · m‐2 (0.02g dwt · m‐2) in winter to 5.5 · 105 indiv. · m‐2 (0.08 g dwt · m‐2) in early autumn. Density and biomass of nematodes were much lower and showed more marked seasonal fluctuations in the leaf strata than in the stem stratum of the seagrass.Diversity and seasonal homogeneity (expressed with Riedl's index) were much lower in the two leaf strata (25–36 species, 29.6 ho%) than in the stem stratum (60–70 species, 42.5 ho%).The nematode community of the leaf stratum can be characterized as a Chromadora nudicapitata – Monhystrella sp. –Symplocostoma tenuicolle– community and is clearly set off from the stem stratum community (9.2% Riedl's ho%), which is characterized as a Molgolaimus sp. 1 –Epsilonema sp. 1 –Chromadora nudicapitata– community.In the seasonal succession, the leaf stratum fauna shifts from a chromadorid‐dominated community (from winter to summer) to a monhysterid‐dominated community in early autumn. The stem stratum fauna shifts from a epsilonematid‐dominated fauna in winter to a molgolaimid‐dominated fauna in summer and early autumn.The distribution of nematode size classes showed a clear selection toward small animals (< 1 mm lenght), although marked seasonal fluctuations in size class distribution were observed. A modified approach for describing the trophic structure of the nematode fauna is presented.The observed abundance patterns and changes of community composition are discussed in relation to the development of habitat complexity and in relation to trophic conditions in the scagrass stand according to the seasonal growth rhythm of the plants and their aufwuchs‐community.
Shallow‐Water Gasohydrothermal Vents of Ushishir Volcano and the Ecosystem of Kraternaya Bight (The Kurile Islands)
Authors: Tarasov V. G. , Propp M. V. , Propp L. N. , Zhirmunsky A. V. , Namsakakv B. B. , Gorlenko V. M. , Starynin D. A. 
Published: May 2008

Abstract. A marine ecosystem in the crater of the Ushishir Volcano (Kraternaya Bight, Yankich Island, the Kuriles) showing gasothcrmal activity was studied for hydrographical, hydrochemical, and biological characteristics. Maximal changes in chemical and biological characteristics were observed in the surface water layer of 0–5 m. This layer had higher water temperature, was saturated with volcanogcnic carbon dioxide (up to 2000 10‐6 torr), ovcrsaturatcd with oxygen (up to 200 %), and contained high concentrations of chlorophyll a. Hydrogen sulfide was found in the surface water layer and at a depth of 15 m in the area of maximal effect of volcanic effluents.The planktonic community is characterized by high rates of production and destruction of organic matter only in the 0–5 m layer. Daily vertical migrations of the ciliatc Mesodinium rubrum were observed, which caused “red tides”.Bacterial, algobacterial, and diatom mats developed on the bottom of the bight in the zone of gasohydrothermal vents and in areas of volcanic water seeping. The rate of organic matter production in algobacterial mats reached 33.4g C‐rrr2‐d‐l, chcmolithotrophy predominating. Bottom settlements had high population density and great animal biomass, which reached 10 kg m‐2 in gasohydrothermal fields. They obtain sufficient energy from primary production of microphy‐tobenthos, algobacterial, and bacterial mats. Bcnthic species dominant in the bight were not found off the Ushishir Islands.Some species of macrobenthos inhabiting the Kraternaya Bight differ markedly in size and biomass from the same species found beyond the bight.
Temporal Variations of Benthic Bacterial Microflora on the Northwestern Mediterranean Continental Shelf and Slope
Authors: Delille Daniel , Guidi Laurence D. , Cahet Guy 
Published: May 2008

Abstract. Bacterial (direct and heterotrophic counts, heterotrophic potentials) and organic matter (org C, org N) parameters were studied over 2 years in the surface sediments of 3 stations located on the continental shelf (station A: 15m; station B: 35m) and slope (station C: 910m) in the northwestern Mediterranean Basin.Although logistic constraints did not allow a satisfactory sampling periodicity in the offshore survey, some seasonal trends were still observable at the deepest station. Variations were quantitatively more important in the two shallow sediments (from 3×102 heterotrophic bacteria – ml‐1 in December 1984 to 107 heterotrophic bacteria‐ml‐1 in March 1986). Epifluorcsccncc direct counts were relatively constant (5×108 cells‐ml‐1), while heterotrophic potentials (with 14C labelled glucose and glutamic acid) showed a succession of very short pulses over the year. Different concentrations of organic matter (from 0.2% orgC at 15m to 0.8% orgC at 35m) appeared to sustain very similar bacterial numbers. Nevertheless, a certain relation between the seasonal evolution of bacterial and organic matter parameters was discernable. Although depth apparently had no measurable effect on maximal spring bacterial densities, it seemed to lessen the summer and winter decreases in the two shallow stations.
Mucus Aggregates in the Adriatic Sea: An Overview of Stages and Occurrences
Authors: Stachowitsch Michael , Fanuko Neda , Richter Marjan 
Published: May 2008

Abstract. The wide range of macroscopic mucus aggregates in the Adriatic Sea is documented. These structures arc considered to be initially produced by diatoms. A differentiation into five states or stages: macroflocs, stringers, clouds, creamy surface layers, and gelatinous surface layers is proposed. This classification is based not only on size and shape, but also takes relative position in the water, stability, behavior, and effect on benthos into consideration. An interrelationship between these aggregates ‐ as different manifestations or phases of the same phenomenon ‐ is postulated.Macroflocs and stringers arc more common. Larger aggregates (clouds, creamy layers, gelatinous layers) arc less frequent. The general term “marine snow” is inadequate to describe the entire range of aggregate sizes and shapes, while the Italian designation “mare sporco” (dirty sea) is misleading. Two massive occurrences of dense clouds coupled with surface accumulations were recorded in the Adriatic in 1988 and 1989. The effect of the various stages on the shallow coastal ecosystem of the Northern Adriatic Sea is discussed.
The Reproduction of the Anemone Sagartia troglodytes (PRICE): No Influence of Tidal Manipulation
Authors: Hummel Herman , Bogaards Roelof H. 
Published: May 2008

Abstract. .The reproductive cycle and the glycogen content were monitored in the subtidal anemone Sagartia troglodytes (PRICE). Moreover, these parameters were followed for periods of 3 to 30 days over the course of 1 year in anemones previously submerged in stagnant water and thus subjected to a reduced food supply. The anemones showed an annual reproductive cycle with, in contrast to previous studies. 2 spawning cycles. The glycogen content varied between 5 and 8% of the dry weight. Submersion in stagnant water did not alter the reproductive cycle or the glycogen content.SummaryIn the Oosterschelde the subtidal anemone Sagartia troglodytes showed an annual reproductive cycle with, in contrast to previous studies, 2 spawning cycles; spawning occurred in the periods February to May and July to September. The glycogen content varied between 5 and 8% of the dry weight. Prolonged submersion in stagnant water altered neither the reproductive cycle nor the glycogen content.