bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alternative publications: library resources guide
Authors: Wang Hong 
Published: June 2006

PurposeThis article is intended to be an overview of major library resources of alternative publications, focusing on the period starting from the 1960s to the present. It serves as a guide to library reference collections including resources in print, microfilms and online databases.Design/methodology/approachThe annotated bibliography is divided into five sections: indexes, periodical and ephemera collections, bibliographies, agencies and associations, and books/reviews.FindingsThis overview of major library resources of alternative publications focuses on the period starting from the 1960s to the present. It serves as a guide to library reference collections including resources in print, microfilms and online databases.Originality/valueAlternative publications are a unique library resource for social science research. They are usually referred to as non‐standard and non‐establishment publications, and they have their own indexes with specific finding guides that are not included in conventional periodical indexes or databases. It will be of interest to social science librarians and to reference librarians who work with researchers and students in social studies.
Mutuality
Authors: Couper Fiona 
Published: June 2006

PurposeThe purpose of this article is to spotlight mutuality as a relevant, modern business model.Design/methodology/approachDiscusses desk research plus gathered industry experience.FindingsMutuality fulfils archetypical societal needs, with values that have wider business implications, for strategic direction, organic growth and employee engagement.Practical implicationsSome form of employee ownership (mutuality) could help address current‐day organizational issues. Explore underpinning values when considering future strategic direction and organic growth. Fulfill the needs mutuality meets to ensure better employee engagement and motivation.Originality/valueUnquantified, but expect higher motivation, satisfaction, retention, sales and loyalty.
High speed imaging in the visible and infrared
Authors: Connolly Christine 
Published: June 2006

PurposeTo present the specifications and the technologies underpinning some new high‐speed cameras, and explore their applications.Design/methodology/approachDescribes the industrial, military and other applications of high‐speed imaging. Traces the recent technical developments in sensors for visible and infrared light. Then describes some specific high‐speed cameras.FindingsCMOS sensors have now taken over from CCD in high‐speed visible cameras. Microbolometers have made low‐cost uncooled cameras available for infrared imaging. Applications range from serious research and development topics, such as air‐bag and seat‐belt performance and combustion studies, to investigations of natural phenomena and analysis of sports equipment.Originality/valueMonitors the progress of imaging technology and describes its current capabilities to the interested reader.
Polychromatic monitoring of complex biological systems
Authors: Rallis I. , Glomon L. , Deakin A.G. , Spencer J.W. , Jones G.R. 
Published: June 2006

PurposeTo illustrate the application of chromatic approaches to complexity with two illustrations each involving the interaction of two complex systems biological and polychromatic light.Design/methodology/approachChromatic parameters (H, L, S) were derived from the monitored biological systems plant growth monitored by CCTV with light enhancement by light emitting diodes (LED) and human tissue oxygenation data that may be obtained from optical fibre‐based monitoring. A single chromatic parameter was derived from the H, L, S parameters.FindingsThe derived chromatic parameter CT appears to vary linearly with the aspect being monitored plant growth as indicated by chromatic parameters and blood oxygenation as indicated by chromatic parameters.Practical implicationsIllustrates the possibility of cost‐effective chromatic‐based monitoring and control of complex systems plant growth enhanced by high efficiency/low energy LEDs and human tissue blood oxygenation (TBO) as well as additional applications in advanced pulse oximetry and neonatal bilirubin monitoring.Originality/valueIllustrates the application of a generic technology in the area of complex systems, where there are interactions between two complex systems, biological and polychromatic light. The chromatic technology supports the derivation of linear relationships for monitoring and control.
Combination of different fingerprint systems: a case study FVC2004
Authors: Nanni Loris , Maio Dario 
Published: June 2006

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the correlation among the best state of art algorithms for fingerprint verification presented at Fingerprint Verification Competition FVC2004.Design/methodology/approachFor this work, the matching results of more than 40 fingerprint systems from both academy and industry are available on standard benchmark.FindingsThe paper shows that the fusion among some competitors of FVC2004 permits a drastically reduction of the performance. Surprisingly, correlation between best performing algorithms is very low, that is, algorithms tend to make different errors: this indicated there is still much room for improvements.Practical implicationsThe results of this paper confirm that a multi‐matcher system can overcome some of the limitations of a single matcher resulting in a substantial performance improvement.Originality/valueThe paper tests the fusion among the state‐of‐the‐art practitioners in fingerprint matching (the competitors of FVC2004).
Microfabrication influence on the behavior of capacitive type MEMS sensors and actuators
Authors: Packirisamy Muthukumaran 
Published: June 2006

PurposeTo predict the influence of inherent microfabrication and operating environmental influences on the performance of capacitive type sensors and actuators so that one can tune the performance and carry out more realistic designs.Design/methodology/approachWhen the sensors and actuators are micromachined or microfabricated, they are subjected to special problems that are characteristic to microdimensions. The important concerns are the influence of microfabrication process on the material properties and influence of operating environment on the system behavior. Hence, this paper proposed a way of quantifying and modeling the influence of inherent limitations of microfabrication and operating environment for the better design of micromachined capacitive type sensors and actuators. The methodology applies the modeling the variation of the elastic property of the system due to above influences through elastic stiffening and weakening concepts. The approach includes the application of boundary conditioning concept through Rayleigh energy method.FindingsThe microfabrication process and electrostatic field can alter significantly both static and dynamic behavior of the device. The performance of the device could also be tuned through these influences.Research limitations/implicationsAs the displacement of the sensors is expected to be small, linear approach is applied. The sensitivity, output range, operating limits and natural frequencies of the sensor can be easily controlled by varying the process and operating environmental influences.Practical implicationsImproved and more realistic design of microfabricated capacitive type sensors and actuators for many applications, such as, pressure sensors, microphones, microspeakers, etc.Originality/valueA simple and easy way of modeling and quantifying the influence of process and operating environment was proposed for the betterment of design. The proposed design method can be applied for any micromachined or microfabricated capacitive type sensors and actuators so that varying sensitivities, output ranges and natural frequencies could be obtained. Over the last few years, newly emerging micro‐electro‐mechanical‐systems (MEMS) technology and micro‐fabrication techniques have gained popularity and importance in the miniaturization of a variety of sensors and actuators. The proposed technique is very useful in making the field of MEMS more matured as it attempts to model the problems that are unique to MEMS environment.
Gamma radiation sensors arrays based on metal oxide thick films
Authors: Arshak Khalil , Korostynska Olga 
Published: June 2006

PurposeCombination of a number of sensors with different response parameters into sensor arrays would enhance the overall performance of the radiation detection system. This paper presents a conceptual approach to the development of sensor arrays system with instantaneous dose and dose rate readout. A dynamic selection of multiple sensors with various sensitivity and accuracy range is implemented by applying pattern recognition (PR) analysis, which maximizes measurement accuracy. A number of relevant PR methods are discussed.Design/methodology/approachThick films based on NiO, ZnO, In2O3, CeO2, TiO2, CuO and CdO are the key sensing elements in the proposed approach. Pure and carbon‐doped metal oxides were screen‐printed on Si wafers to form pn‐heterojunctions. All devices were exposed to a disc‐type 137 Cs source with an activity of 370 kBq. The values of radiation damage of pn‐junctions were estimated from changes in their current‐voltage characteristics.FindingsSensors showed an increase in the values of current with the increase in radiation dose up to certain levels, exceeding these levels results in unstable dosimetric characteristics.Originality/valueThe sensitivity of metal oxide films toγ‐radiation exposure depends on their composition and thickness. Mixing the oxides in different proportions and the addition of conducting particles, such as carbon, alters films susceptibility to radiation. In particular, sensors based on such films have dose response characteristics with certain level of sensitivity and working dose range, conditioned by particular sensing material properties and the device structure.
“Facing the wall” – “equal” opportunity for women in management?
Authors: Wood Glenice J. , Newton Janice 
Published: June 2006

PurposeTo explore the failure of equal opportunity policies to counteract the barrier of children for women in management by considering male and female managers’ views on work culture, family division of labour and childlessness.Design/methodology/approachThirty Australian managers (19 male, 11 female) were interviewed as a follow up to a larger study in 1996, in order to extend inquiries around the issues of children, childlessness and senior management aspirations.FindingsManagers acknowledge the impediment that children are to a woman's career path. They also have an awareness of patterns of delayed childbearing and potential childlessness. This awareness is confirmed through first hand experience in the families and at work. Managers also use a language of sacrifice and loss regarding their own or others’ failure to partner and procreate, as well as some reference to freedom and lifestyle. Furthermore there are diverging discourses on company loyalty and company greed given in relation to competing family loyalties and obligations. Finally, acknowledgement of gendered inequality (and some blindness to it) is indicated by both male and female managers.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough based on a small sample from one country, the findings do imply that it is unwise to assume that women committed to a career do not want children. The option of having both is not made easy.Practical implicationsFamily policy for senior management should continue to be considered.Originality/valueRecognition of the complexity and diversity of attitudes to children, family and work contributes to a critique of overdrawn notions of types of women (Hakim, 2001).
UK government small business finance initiatives
Authors: Fielden Sandra L. , Dawe Adel J. , Woolnough Helen 
Published: June 2006

PurposeThis study focuses on the factors affecting equality of access to UK government grant and loan initiatives and the identification of gender differences in the uptake of those initiatives.Design/methodology/approachA qualitative methodology was adopted as quantitative data is already available regarding the sources and levels of financing accessed. In total 32 interviews were conducted with 18 women and 14 men seeking business start‐up capital. A review of the advice and assistance offered by 31 business support agencies to potential and existing male and female business clients across the region also was undertaken.FindingsThe findings revealed that there is a discrepancy in the number of men and women business owners accessing grant and loans schemes. Women do not enter into business ownership with the same amount of capital as men, and women are far more likely to access loans and grants than traditional forms of financing.Research limitations/implicationsThis is a preliminary investigation which needs to be extended and the relationship between service providers and small business owners further explored to provide a greater understanding of the complexities that relationship has on accessing government grants/loans.Practical implicationsThe grant and loan system is highly complex and fraught with difficulties, which appears to exclude women and more specifically those from lower socioeconomic backgrounds, i.e. those they were designed to assist.Originality/valuePrevious research has focused on private sector sources of business finance. This study is the first to look specifically at government grant/loan schemes that are targeted at those business owners who experience discrimination accessing traditional forms of finance.
Work experience and satisfaction of male and female professors in Turkey: signs of progress?
Authors: Koyuncu Mustafa , Burke Ronald J. , Fiksenbaum Lisa 
Published: June 2006

PurposeThis research aims to investigate gender differences among professors in Turkey.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from 243 male and 165 female professors using an anonymously completed internet based questionnaire. Measures included personal demographic and work situation characteristics, workaholism components and validating job behaviors (e.g. perfectionism) workaholism antecedents (e.g. beliefs and fears, organizational values), work and extra‐work satisfactions, and psychological well‐being.FindingsThere were considerable differences in personal demographic and work situation characteristics. Female professor were younger, more likely to be single, more likely to have fewer children, had less job and university tenure, were at lower ranks and earned less income. Female and male professors were similar on workaholic behaviors, work and extra‐work satisfaction and psychological well‐being, with one exceptions: female professors reported more psychosomatic symptoms.Practical implicationsDespite considerable demographic and work situation differences, female and male professors in Turkey report similar job behaviors, satisfactions and psychological well‐being.Originality/valueProvides information on personal demographic and work situation characteristics among male and female academic staff in Turkey.
The role of business schools in society
Authors: Cornuel Eric 
Published: June 2006

PurposeIn the future, the legitimacy of business schools will no longer be in question, nor will their vocation to participate in training the élite (especially of companies) alongside institutes which, in various countries, train top Civil Servants. But this context, which dominant positions always provoke, should not encourage complacency. On the contrary, it should invite reflection on the weaknesses of the institutions in question. Aims to discuss this issue.Design/methodology/approachSome major new trends in management education are questioned (the use of new information technologies, an initiation to management starting at a much earlier stage of the education track, a different way to grasp the use of case studies).FindingsThis paper is an analysis of the functions of business schools and management faculties in universities. It leads one to observe that they appear above all as places busy “reproducing” or “miming” reality. Where science faculties describe, management teaching establishments imitate.Originality/valueThis paper is dedicated not only to stressing the pedagogic dangers that new trends in management education imply, but also to explaining what major change it could induce.
Establishing individual differences related to opportunity alertness and innovation dependent on academic‐career training
Authors: Craig Justin B.L. , Johnson Debra 
Published: June 2006

PurposeThe purpose of this research was to investigate using the seminal writings of Schumpeter and Kirzner as a guide – individuals who are potentially involved in entrepreneurship can be identified as being innovators or opportunity‐alert. Specifically, this exploratory project attempts to answer the following question: “Are some individuals better at being innovators, while others are better able to recognize entrepreneurial opportunities and, if so, does academic‐career training matter?”Design/methodology/approachThe study relied on purposive sampling and received survey responses from postgraduate students in business and engineering. The 26‐item survey was made up of demographic indices and questions from the Schumpeter and Kirzner literature. A total of 242 business and 525 engineering students received the e‐mail from academic advisors. Usable responses were received from 36 business students (15 percent response rate) and 67 engineering students (13 percent response rate).FindingsThe research found evidence that individuals with engineering training were not as proficient at recognizing opportunities as their business‐trained contemporaries.Research limitations/implicationsThis is an exploratory research project which acknowledges the associated limitations. As well as contributing to a deeper understanding of two core entrepreneurship topics these findings have pedagogical and practitioner implications. From a pedagogy vantage point, instructors will be better equipped to frame courses in entrepreneurship if they better understand the propensity of their audience. The results indicate that this is particularly relevant to engineering schools. In practitioner terms, funding groups and various supporters of entrepreneurs (business angels, family financiers, and the like) will be better able to understand and work with individuals if they are aware that they are not, for example, alert to new opportunities.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to a deeper understanding of innovation and opportunity alertness.
A culture of creativity: design education and the creative industries
Authors: Matheson Billy 
Published: June 2006

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to describe the influence of the creative industries on design education in New Zealand.Design/methodology/approachA range of contemporary literature is presented to help define the term “creative industries”, and to locate this new “culture of creativity” within a wider global trend of creative cultural theory.FindingsCultural policy initiatives from Britain, Canada and New Zealand are reviewed and used to demonstrate how creative industries theory has sought to combine social, cultural and economic development.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper is primarily concerned with recent changes to design education and the ways in which universities and polytechnics are attempting to meet the challenges of this new holistic approach to creativity and innovation.Practical implicationsIn the final section the concept of interdisciplinary study of design is explored. This new model is developed through the example of a new interdisciplinary programme structure developed by the Wellington Institute of Technology in New Zealand.Originality/valueIn conclusion the concept of a “virtuous cycle” is used to describe the relationship between design education and the creative industries. This paper argues that, if this cycle continues, the creative industries will expand to become the model for a new economy based on social, cultural and economic entrepreneurship and change.
Entrepreneurship and SMEs in London (UK)
Authors: Ekwulugo Frances 
Published: June 2006

PurposeThe small to medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) development has been the subject of a growing interest among academics and practitioners, as well as multilateral institutions. However, the interest in the growth of African business evolution has been under‐researched, even as developments and market dynamics are increasingly impacting this sub‐sector, especially in the UK. The urgent need arises for a study that enables practitioners and educators and also lends some insight into the possibilities and limitations in the UK environment, with a view to improving entrepreneurial education that is focused on these minorities. This paper aims to fill that gap.Design/methodology/approachThis study focuses on the development of black African SMEs (BASMEs) in London by examining the various factors that impact their development. A qualitative methodological approach was used to gain a better understanding of the BASMEs.FindingsThis research proceeds by developing a conceptual matrix to classify the black Africans into four but significant emergent groups. It also discusses the trend of growth in the last decade. Finally, it draws conclusions on managerial implications, by identifying the various social, economic and environmental limitations that impact (BASMEs') growth.Research limitations/implicationsA substantial part of this study was based on secondary data. There appear to be several areas in need of further research. Further in‐depth research is required to assess the characteristics of BASMEs.Practical implicationsThe study enables practitioners, policy makers and educators to have an insight into the possibilities and limitations in the UK environment. It will help to improve entrepreneurial education and policies that are focused on these minorities. It goes on to make suggestions as to how those may be improved, as well as identifying new areas of possible research.Originality/valueThe study provides all interested parties, the African businesses and other ethnic businesses, with a more robust body of literature and information from which new and further research can be built and expanded.
Exploring associations between employee empowerment and interpersonal trust in managers
Authors: Moye Melinda J. , Henkin Alan B. 
Published: June 2006

PurposeTo explore associations between employee empowerment and interpersonal trust in managers.Design/methodology/approachAn online survey designed to assess empowerment and trust was administered to a random sample of 2,000 salaried employees at aFortune500 manufacturing organization in the USA.FindingsResults, bounded by sample and focal organizational characteristics, indicated that employees who feel empowered in their work environment tend to have higher levels of interpersonal‐level trust in their managers.Practical implicationsImplications for managers are discussed in terms of enabling employee empowerment, strengthening interpersonal trust, and increasing organizational effectiveness.Originality/valueHighlights how increments in empowerment and trust can mitigate effects of organizational complexity, reduce transaction costs, strengthen relational systems within flatter organizational structures, and diminish the need for supervisory oversight, unproductive controls, and measurement systems that negatively impact productivity and the capacity to succeed in highly competitive markets.