bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mycoplasmas and arthritis
Authors: Sharp John T. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe role of mycoplasmal infection in human beings with rheumatoid arthritis and Reiter's syndrome was studied by three methods. First, specimens of synovial fluid were inoculated directly onto mycoplasmal media, and after appropriate incubation, examined for growth of mycoplasmal colonies. Second, synovial fluids were inoculated into embryonated hens' eggs and, after incubation, reacted with patients' sera using radioiodine‐tagged antihuman globulin to detect binding of antibody. Third, a sensitive growth‐inhibition technic was employed for measuring antibody to mycoplasmas in the patients' sera. None of these methods provided evidence that mycoplasmal infection is a cause of rheumatoid arthritis or Reiter's syndrome.
Subchondral bone changes in patients with early degenerative joint disease
Authors: Radin Eric L. , Paul Igor L. , Tolkoff Marc J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe relationship between early degeneration of articular cartilage and the energyabsorbing abilities of its subchondral bony bed was studied in specimens obtained at autopsy from the knees of 43 male patients. Subchondral bone plugs from patients whose cartilage had only mild mucopolysaccharide loss absorbed relatively less energy on impact than the normals. There was no apparent difference in energy absorption among the bone plugs of the normal, the moderate, and the markedly altered cartilage groups. These changes were not age related.
Sickle cell‐thalassemia presenting as arthritis of the hip
Authors: Hurwitz David , Roth Henry 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAvascular necrosis of the humeral and femoral heads is reported in an otherwise asymptomatic 69‐year‐old woman with sickle cell‐thalassemia. Ten previously reported instances of avascular necrosis in patients with sickle cell‐thalassemia are briefly reviewed.
Synovial fluid findings in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
Authors: Pekin Thomas J. , Zvaifler Nathan J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSynovial fluids from 26 patients with SLE were usually clear and viscous, with few WBCs and low complement. Twelve fluids, studied in detail, were further characterized according to protein and IgG concentrations. Four were transudates. Fluids from 3 subjects with atypical features of SLE were exudates that contained increased concentrations of proteins and complement. Five other fluids were exudates with very low complement, thus similar to rheumatoid effusions, but lacking the polymorphonuclear leukocytosis and rheumatoid factor found in RA.
Epidemiologic studies on systemic lupus erythematosus comparative data for new york city and jefferson county, alabama, 1956–1965
Authors: Siegel Morris , Holley Howard L. , Lee Stanley L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA comparative population study on SLE from 1956–1965 revealed higher attack rates in New York City than in Jefferson County, Ala. The difference was attributed to more complete case‐finding in New York rather than to regional differences in predisposing factors. In both localities, incidence, prevalence and mortality rates were approximately three times higher for Negro females than for whites. In males, however, few cases were observed, and ethnic differences were considered equivocal.
Response of Joints to Impact Loading. I. In Vitro Wear
Authors: Radin Eric L. , Paul Igor L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBovine joints were oscillated under the maximum possible static load in a device which measured their coefficients of fraction while the joints were running. Joint wear was evaluated by gross and histologic inspection. Joints oscillating under loads, just below the structural capability of the joints, did not show significant wear even after long periods of time. When periodic impact loading was added to this regimen, cartilage wear became rapid and was easily discernible. The implications of these findings to the wearing away of articular cartilage are discussed.
Ultrastructural studies of renal peritubular amyloid experimentally induced in guinea pigs. II. Tubular epithelial cells
Authors: Cohen Alan S. , Shirahama Tsuranobu 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe ultrastructure of cells of the renal tubule and its relationship to subepithelial amyloid deposits were studied in experimentally induced amyloidosis in guinea pigs. Amyloid fibrils were demarcated primarily between the epithelial cell and its basement membrane. Basal plasmalemmal infoldings were diminished whenever the cell abutted amyloid. Pocket‐like plasmalemmal invaginations, associated with tufts of well‐oriented amyloid fibrils, were found occasionally. Intracellular membrane‐bound amyloid fibrils, fibrils in the extracellular space between two epithelial plasma membranes, and fibrils surrounded by basement membrane were also seen on rare occasions. These findings are discussed in relation to clinical features of renal amyloidosis.
Demonstration of dissecting popliteal cysts by joint scans after intra‐articular isotope injections
Authors: Levin Melvin H. , Nordyke Robert A. , Ball James J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA new technic to demonstrate dissecting popliteal cysts of the knee is described utilizing 10 to 50 μCi (average 40) of 131I HSA intra‐articularly. In thirty‐seven scans of 26 patients, nine instances of dissecting cysts were noted. These occurred most often in rheumatoid arthritis. The importance of clinical differentiation from thrombophlebitis is emphasized. The demonstration of dissecting popliteal cysts utilizing tracer doses of 131I HSA has been found to be simple, safe and useful.
Observations on the eosinophilia of certain patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Winchester R. J. , Litwin S. D. , Koffler D. , Kunkel H. G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn a retrospective study of 45 cases of rheumatoid arthritis selected for their severity or for elevated titers of rheumatoid factor, unexplained eosinophile counts of 5% or greater were encountered in 40%. Certain extra‐articular manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis were found in higher incidence in the group of patients with eosinophilia. The most notable of these were vasculitis, pleuropericarditis, pulmonary fibrosis and subcutaneous nodules. The eosinophilia was present for variable periods of time, sometimes persisting at elevated levels for several years or alternatively appearing in brief episodes. In a number of patients, the appearance in time of some extra‐articular manifestations was coincident with eosinophilia. Two patients had extreme elevations in the number of eosinophiles. The eosinophiles of one patient, studied in detail, showed inclusions, which by immunofluorescent microscopy, contained γG‐globulin, γM‐globulin and rheumatoid factor. The serum of this patient when incubated with another eosinophile preparation induced the formation of inclusions. Various mechanisms were discussed in which the eosinophilia is related to possible immune events occurring in the course of rheumatoid arthritis.
Studies of antilymphocyte antisera produced against normal and rheumatoid arthritis lymphocytes
Authors: Williams Ralph C. , Emmons Jean D. , Astorga Gonzalo P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRabbit antisera were made against pooled normal human lymphocytes and against those from patients with active rheumatoid arthritis. Sera were subsequently absorbed to remove antibody to human erythrocytes and plasma proteins. Most antilymphocyte antisera showed considerable cytotoxic or complement fixing antibody after immunization, however a striking deficit (6 of 12 animals) in the activity of the antisera against RA lymphocytes was noted when blast transformation of lymphocytes was used as a test of antilymphocyte serum (ALS) antibody.
Methods of scoring the progression of radiologic changes in rheumatoid arthritis. Correlation of radiologic, clinical and laboratory abnormalities
Authors: Sharp John T. , Lidsky Martin D. , Collins Lois C. , Moreland June 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMethods of scoring osseous defects and joint space narrowing in the hands and wrists of patients with definite or classical rheumatoid arthritis were devised. The usefulness of the scores was tested in a group of 90 patients who had one or more sets of X‐ray films of the hands and wrists 36 months or more after onset of illness. Correlations were found between the extent of radiographic abnormalities or the rate of progression of radiographic changes and the age at onset, hand and wrist deformities, preceding physical signs of inflammation in the joints of the hands and wrists, hand function as measured by fist formation, the early appearance of subcutaneous nodules, and the titer of anti‐IgG. Among black patients the extent of elevation of γ‐globulins was associated with roentgenographic changes. The correlations between the scores of radiologic abnormalities and the clinical and laboratory manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis establish the value of the described methods of assessing the roentgenographic changes and indicate the usefulness of these methods in evaluating the effect of therapy in this disease.
Tetracycline in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. A double blind controlled study
Authors: Skinner Martha , Cathcart Edgar S. , Mills John A. , Pinals Robert S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMycoplasmas have been implicated as etiologic agents in rheumatoid arthritis and it has been suggested that tetracycline, which inhibits the growth of these organisms, is beneficial in the treatment of this disease. To test this hypothesis, 27 patients with classical or definite rheumatoid arthritis were selected from three university hospital arthritis clinics and assigned at random to treatment for one year with either tetracycline 250 mg/day or a placebo. The results demonstrated no significant benefit from tetracycline therapy.
Reiter's syndrome in children. A case report and review
Authors: Lockie George N. , Hunder Gene G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA case of Reiter's syndrome in a 3‐year‐old boy is reported. No recurrence developed during the following 10 years. A review of previous cases of Reiter's syndrome in children suggests that although this disease is uncommon in children, the findings were similar to those seen in adults.
Rheumatic disease sera reactive with capillaries in the mouse kidney
Authors: Tan Eng M. , Pearson Carl M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWith an immunofluorescent technic using tissue sections of mouse kidney as substrate, sera from patients with rheumatic diseases reacted with glomerular and peritubular capillaries. The reactive factor in sera was shown to be IgG and was able to fix complement in the reaction. Capillary reactivity was frequently detected in rheumatic diseases associated with vascular lesions of undetermined etiology such as dermatopolymyositis, scleroderma, polymyalgia and temporal arteritis. It was present in lower incidence in other rheumatic diseases and in normal populations.
Studies on experimental arthritis induced by Corynebacterium rubrum. 1. Localization of the arthritogenic factor in the cell walls
Authors: Paronetto Fiorenzo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPurified cell walls of Corynebacterium rubrum injected intradermally into rats together with mineral oil induce a severe progressive form of arthritis. The arthritogenic factor contains glucosamine, muramic acid, and several amino acids. It is resistant to digestion with proteolytic enzymes and to extraction with alcoholether, chloroform, and phenol, but is lost after digestion with lysozyme. These findings suggest a link between the cell wall of Corynebacterium rubrum—most likely a mucopeptide—and the development of arthritis.
Lysosome stabilization by adjuvant arthritis serum
Authors: Persellin Robert H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEvidence is presented that serum from rats with adjuvant arthritis stabilizes the membranes of isolated normal rat liver lysosomes. The stabilizer retarded the release of the lysosomal enzymes, acid phosphatase and β‐glucuronidase, but not the release of the mitochondrial enzyme, isocitric dehydrogenase. Stabilizing activity in serum paralleled adjuvant disease, being greatest when the inflammation was most intense and subsiding as the arthritis diminished. Activity could be removed from the serum by absorption with isolated membranes; adjuvant arthritis serum did not inhibit enzyme activities. The membrane reactant was neither a corticosteroid nor an antibody but was a large molecular weight substance with charge properties similar to an α‐globulin.
Treatment of rheumatoid joint inflammation with triamcinolone hexacetonide
Authors: McCarty Daniel J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractProlonged (more than 1 year) reversal of inflammation, as judged by decreased swelling, tenderness and synovial thickening, occurred in 12 patients in whom the joints of one hand and the wrist were treated locally with triamcinolone hexacetonide. Better preservation of grip strength, structural joint integrity and range of motion on the treated side were evidence of a beneficial effect on function. Fewer new lesions developed on the treated side as observed radiographically over the period of follow‐up, which averaged 21 months. Recurrence and progression of arthritis, both clinical and radiologic, definitely occurred in some injected joints. Unwanted effects such as soft tissue atrophy and periarticular calcification were common; their true incidence and the significance of the latter remain to be determined. The doses used here are regarded as experimental and, while promising, warrant further study before adoption as a possible method of “medical synovectomy”.
Antibody to mycobacterial antigens in adjuvant arthritis (AA). I. Relationship to disease and delayed hypersensitivity
Authors: Perper Robert J. , Oronsky Arnold L. , Blancuzzi Vincent 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe 1° and 2° antibody response of adjuvant arthritic rats to a soluble mycobacterial lipoprotein preceded the development of arthritis. In contrast, delayed hypersensitivity reactions to PPD paralleled disease activity. Treatment with immunosuppressive agents indicated that complete suppression of disease in the noninjected paw could occur without effect on the humoral response, but the delayed skin reaction was suppressed at all doses. It is suggested that the humoral antibody response to mycobacterial antigens may have relevance to the regulation of the disease.
Arthritis as the presenting feature of childhood leukemia
Authors: Fink Chester W. , Windmiller Joan , Sartain Peggy 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFive cases of childhood leukemia are described in which major presentation was arthritis. Three patients had normal hematologic studies when initially examined. Both monoarticular and polyarticular arthritis were seen. Joint swelling was caused by an increase in synovial fluid, but in 1 patient there seemed to be synovial thickening. Presentations and clinical courses were extremely variable and point out the necessity to consider leukemia in the differential diagnosis of children with arthritis.
Rheumatology and international health. International relations of the american rheumatism association
Authors: Rudd Emmanuel 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe International League Against Rheumatism, with its regional components, is a nongovernmental organization of professional and voluntary national societies engaged in the study and control of rheumatic diseases. It maintains official relationship with the World Health Organization (WHO), a specialized agency of the United Nations, for technical guidance of public health authorities in problems of rheumatology. The American Rheumatism Association (ARA), which started as a United States Committee for the International League, has engaged to a limited degree in international health activities.
Connective tissue activation. IV. Regulatory effects of antirheumatic drugs
Authors: Castor C. William 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCortisol, phenylbutazone, indomethacin, acetylsalicylic acid, meclofenamic acid, flufenamic acid and mefanamic acid were potent inhibitors of connective tissue activation, especially if introduced into synovial cultures within 2 hours of initiation of the activation process. Colchicine, chloroquine and gold thiomalate were ineffective, while hydroxychloroquine and sodium salicylate exhibited modest inhibitory capacity. Most of the active agents exhibited suppressive capacity at concentrations similar to those used clinically. The suppressive capacity of the various drugs was reduced 20 to 60% by the presence of serum. Antirheumatic drugs do not appear to alter the activity of the stimulatory connective tissue activating peptide molecule itself, but may act by interfering with the transcriptional and translational components of the connective tissue activation sequence.
Tubular structures in endothelium in palindromic rheumatism
Authors: Molnar Zelma , Metzger Allan L. , McCarty Daniel J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractElectron microscopy of synovial tissue in a patient with palindromic rheumatism showed tubular structures in the endothelial cells similar to those reported by others in the tissues of patients with other rheumatic diseases, neoplasms, infections and a variety of other idiopathic conditions.
Superficial temporal arteriography in patients suspected of having temporal arteritis
Authors: Hunder Gene G. , Baker Hillier L. , Rhoton Albert L. , Sheps Sheldon G. , Ward L. Emmerson 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSuperficial temporal arteriograms and temporal artery biopsies on 31 patients suspected of having temporal arteritis supported the same diagnosis in 29. Temporal arteriograms showed abnormalities in all 5 patients with arteritis on biopsy. In 2 additional patients arteriographic areas of irregular narrowing and dilation of the lumen of the temporal artery were present, even though random biopsy, at different sites, showed no arteritis. Temporal arteriography may complement biopsy in the diagnosis of temporal arteritis, with biopsy of the arteriographically abnormal area to confirm the diagnosis.
Synovectomy and debridement of the knee in rheumatoid arthritis (a study of 60 knees)
Authors: Ranawat Chitranjan S. , Ecker Malcolm L. , Straub Lee Ramsay 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSixty knees in 46 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), Stages II and III, and severe to moderate synovitis were synovectomized and debrided, and observed for an average of 2.8 years. Improvement was noted in 73% of the knees. This figure diminished with longer followup due to recurrence of disease, development of valgus and varus deformities and involvement of hips. The results of knee surgery did not correlate with severity of disease. Some reduction in walking ability occurred as a result of progression of RA in joints other than the operated one(s).
Effect of exercise on urate crystal‐induced inflammation in canine joints
Authors: Agudelo Carlos A. , Schumacher H. Ralph , Phelps Paulding 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe effect of joint motion on one model of experimental articular inflammation, the acute arthritis produced by injection of urate crystals into canine knees, has been examined. Each increased amount of joint motion produced larger effusions, higher leukocyte counts, more severe histologic evidence of polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltration and increased leakage of intravenously injected carbon from synovial vessels. Clearance of xenon from the joint was markedly accentuated by joint motion.
Lumicolchicine: Lack of antiinflammatory effect
Authors: Malawista Stephen E. , Chang Yi‐Han , Wilson Leslie 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe antimitotic effects of colchicine appear to depend upon binding of the drug to the cytoplasmic protein that forms microtubules. Lumicolchicines (photoisomers of colchicine) do not bind to microtubule protein, and do not interfere with the organization of the mitotic spindle. The antiinflammatory effects of colchicine may also depend upon binding to microtubule protein, in appropriate nondividing cells. If so, lumicolchicine would not be expected to have an antiinflammatory effect. Such was the case in this report, in which the reversed passive Arthus reaction in the rat served as test stystem.
Fender‐kicker syndrome
Authors: Douglas Angevine C , Atwater Edward C , Jacox Ralph E 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwo patients with metatarsal and phalangeal fractures are reported. The unusual etiology of the fractures was the same in both cases. The condition for which we suggest the title “Fender‐Kicker” syndrome, is probably a common though frequently unrecognized entity.
Articular chondrocalcinosis microanalysis of pyrophosphate (ppi) in synovial fluid and plasma
Authors: Altman Roy D , Muniz Ofelia E , Pita Julio C , Howell David S 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA new microassay method with precision of ±5% was developed to quantitate pyrophosphate in synovial fluid and plasma with starting volumes of 0.5 ml. A highly significant elevation of synovial fluid pyrophosphate concentration was found in some patients with osteoarthritis and gouty arthritis in addition to the well‐established elevation in synovial fluid of subjects with pseudogout. No gradient of pyrophosphate between plasma and synovial fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis or in normal subjects was detectable. Studies of various parameters reflecting inflammation failed to show a correlation with the concentration of pyrophosphate in patients with pseudogout.
Experimental viral arthritis induced with herpes simplex
Authors: Webb Francis W , Bluestone Rodney , Goldberg Leonard S , Douglas Steven D , Pearson Carl M 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA chronic erosive arthritis was produced in rabbits by a single intraarticular injection of herpes simplex virus. Three months after injection, a moderate or severe arthritis was present in the injected knees of all 10 animals; mild or moderate changes were present in 9 of the contralateral (noninjected) knee joints. The histologic changes resemble those of human rheumatoid arthritis. Thus, under certain circumstances, a single exposure to herpes simplex virus appears to provoke chronic arthritis.
Prostaglandin e1 (pge1) suppression of adjuvant arthritis histopathology
Authors: Zurier Robert B , Ballas Maurice 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHistopathologic studies of tibiotarsal joints from rats with adjuvant disease show complete suppression of arthritis in animals treated with prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) from time of adjuvant injection. Established synovitis is improved by PGE1 treatment and progression of arthritis and cartilage destruction is halted.
Hemodialysis and kidney transplantation for renal failure from scleroderma
Authors: Richardson James A 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA merchant mariner had scleroderma with polyarthralgias and Raynaud's phenomenon for 15 years before the onset of rapidly progressive renal failure and severe hypertension. Intimal proliferation obliterated or greatly narrowed the lumina of renal arterioles. Initially, he tolerated periodic hemodialysis and efforts to reduce hypertension poorly but did better after bilateral nephrectomy. In the 18 months since successful kidney transplantation, arthralgias and Raynaud's phenomenon have disappeared and skin has become less tightly bound to underlying structures. Blood pressure remains normal. The grafted kidney shows no evidence of disease. For patients whose primary organ involvement by scleroderma is renal and whose other lesions are relatively stable, hemodialysis and kidney transplantation may provide additional years of reasonably comfortable life.