bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Silver(I) Triflate Catalyzed Direct Synthesis of N‐PMP Protected α‐Aminopropargylphosphonates from Terminal Alkynes.
Authors: Dodda Rajasekhar , Zhao Cong‐Gui 
Published: April 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Multicomponent Reactions of Allenes, Diaryl Diselenides, and Nucleophiles in the Presence of Iodosobenzene Diacetate: Direct Synthesis of 3‐Functionalized‐2‐arylselenyl Substituted Allyl Derivatives.
Authors: Yu Lei , Chen Bo , Huang Xian 
Published: April 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Calostomal, a Polyene Pigment from the Gasteromycete Calostoma cinnabarinum (Boletales).
Authors: Gruber Gertraud , Steglich Wolfgang 
Published: April 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Stille Coupling Approaches for the Synthesis of 8‐Aryl Guanines.
Authors: Arsenyan Pavel , Ikaunieks Martins , Belyakov Sergey 
Published: April 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Total Synthesis of Marinomycins A‐C and of Their Monomeric Counterparts Monomarinomycin A and iso‐Monomarinomycin A.
Authors: Nicolaou K. C. , Nold Andrea L. , Milburn Robert R. , Schindler Corinna S. , Cole Kevin P. , Yamaguchi Junichiro 
Published: April 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Gloriosaols A and B, Two Novel Phenolics from Yucca gloriosa: Structural Characterization and Configurational Assignment by a Combined NMR‐Quantum Mechanical Strategy.
Authors: Bassarello Carla , Bifulco Giuseppe , Montoro Paola , Skhitladze Alexandre , Kemertelidze Ether , Pizza Cosimo , Piacante Sonia 
Published: April 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Total Synthesis of (.+‐.)‐Nitidanin and Novel Procedures for Determination of the Location of the Side Chains on 1,4‐Benzodioxane.
Authors: Kuboki Atsuhito , Yamamoto Toru , Taira Mamie , Arishige Tetsuya , Ohira Susumu 
Published: April 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthetic Studies Toward Amphidinolide H1: Segment C14—C26.
Authors: Deng Lisheng , Ma Zhixiong , Zhang Yazhu , Zhao Gang 
Published: April 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Ponapensin, a Cyclopenta[bc]benzopyran with Potent NF‐ϰB Inhibitory Activity from Aglaia ponapensis.
Authors: Salim Angela A. , Pawlus Alison D. , Chai Hee‐Byung , Farnsworth Norman R. , Kinghorn A. Douglas , Carcache‐Blanco Esperanza J. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
New Antifungal Flavonoid Glycoside from Vitex negundo.
Authors: Sathiamoorthy B. , Gupta Prasoon , Kumar Manmeet , Chaturvedi Ashok K. , Shukla P. K. , Maurya Rakesh 
Published: April 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of New Lewis Basic Room‐Temperature Ionic Liquids by Monoquaternization of 1,4‐Diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO).
Authors: Wykes Angela , MacNeil Stephen L. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
4‐Aminopyrimidines as Novel HIV‐1 Inhibitors.
Authors: Gadhachanda Venkat R. , Wu Baogen , Wang Zhiwei , Kuhen Kelli L. , Caldwell Jeremy , Zondler Helmut , Walter Harald , Havenhand Mark , He Yu 
Published: April 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Arylsulfonamides as a New Class of Cannabinoid CB1 Receptor Ligands: Identification of a Lead and Initial SAR Studies.
Authors: Lambeng N. , Lebon F. , Christophe B. , Burton M. , De Ryck M. , Quere L. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Amine‐Assisted Synthesis of Aluminum Oxide.
Authors: Kozlov Alexander I. , Kung Mayfair C. , Xue Wen‐Mei , Kung Harold H. , Yuan Shandong 
Published: April 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis and Chemical Characteristics of 2‐Substituted Thiazoline‐4,5‐diones
Authors: Nekrasov D. D. , Obukhova A. S. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Saponins, Classification and Occurrence in the Plant Kingdom
Authors: Vincken Jean‐Paul , Heng Lynn , De Groot Aede De Groot Aede , Gruppen Harry 
Published: April 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis and Properties of New Fluorinated Peptidomimetics
Authors: Sani Monica , Molteni Marco , Bruche Luca , Volonterio Alessandro , Zanda Matteo 
Published: April 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
The Rhodium‐Catalyzed Hydroboration of Unsaturated Amine and Ether Derivatives as a Gentle Route to Novel Heteroatom‐Containing Boronate Esters
Authors: Vogels Christopher M. , Westcott Stephen A. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
1‐Nitrogen‐Functionalized 1‐Phosphorus‐Functionalized Alk‐1‐enes
Authors: Stankevic M. , Pietrusiewicz K. M. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
1‐Phosphorus‐Functionalized 1‐(Organosulfanyl)alk‐1‐enes
Authors: Romanski J. , Mloston G. , Pietrusiewicz K. M. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Molecular Springs, Muscles, Rheostats, and Pressing Gyroscopes: From Review to Preview
Authors: Marsella Michael J. , Rahbarnia Shohreh , Wilmot Nathan 
Published: April 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring
Authors: Ito Tadaaki , Uchida Yumiko , Tamura Hiromi , Hasebe Shinobu , Igarashi Masahiro , Hayashi Masahiro 
Published: April 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Hyvolution – Entwicklung eines zweistufigen Bioprozesses zur Produktion von Wasserstoff aus Biomasse
Authors: Modigell M. , Schumacher M. , Claassen P. A. M. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractWasserstoff wird aufgrund seines emissionsarmen Oxidationsprozesses als einer der möglichen Energieträger der Zukunft angesehen. Um eine nachhaltige Wirkung auf den Treibhauseffekt zu erzielen, muss aber auch der Energiebedarf des Produktionsprozesses möglichst gering gehalten werden. Das integrierte Projekt Hyvolution, das im 6. Forschungsrahmenprogramm unter dem Schwerpunkt nachhaltiger Energiesysteme der Europäischen Komission gefördert wird, hat es sich deshalb zum Ziel gemacht, einen zweistufigen Bioprozess zu entwickeln, der zukünftig in dezentralen Kleinanlagen Wasserstoff aus Biomasse freisetzt.
Simulation der Strömung in Fermentern von Biogasanlagen
Authors: Hennig T. , Grän‐Heedfeld J. , Deerberg G. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractFür eine optimale Vergärung in Biogasfermentern ist die eingesetzte Rührwerkstechnik von entscheidender Bedeutung. Bewertungskriterien aus verfahrenstechnischer Sicht sind ihr Energieverbrauch sowie ihre Fähigkeit zur stofflichen und energetischen Homogenisierung des Fermenterinhalts. Mit Hilfe von Strömungssimulationsrechnungen (CFD) wird ein dreistufiges Zentralrührwerk auf Basis dieser Kriterien untersucht. Ausgehend von einem typischen Betriebszustand werden Betriebsparameter und Eigenschaften des Gärsubstrats innerhalb betriebsrelevanter Grenzen variiert, um die Auswirkungen auf den Leistungseintrag sowie auf Mischzeiten und Mischgüten abzuschätzen.
Szenarien für die Ethanolproduktion aus Lignocellulose‐Rohstoffen
Authors: Palatinus A. , Giovannini A. A. , Huber M. B. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractAufgrund der steigenden Rohstoffkosten für die Biokraftstoffproduktion und der günstigen steuerlichen Rahmenbedingungen ist die Erzeugung von Bioethanol aus lignocelluloser Biomasse eine wirtschaftlich interessante Option. Insbesondere die Ergänzung bestehender Bioethanolanlagen mit einer Lignoethanollinie als „Add‐On”︁ scheint aus heutiger Sicht vielversprechend. Aufgrund der bereits bestehenden Infrastruktur und der in vielen Fällen vorhandenen überschüssigen thermischen Energie sind die Investitions‐ und Betriebskosten für eine Lignoethanollinie vergleichsweise gering. Die Wertschöpfung der gesamten Produktionslinie kann dadurch signifikant erhöht werden. Gestaltet man den Add‐On‐Prozess in Form einer Bioraffinerie, können zusätzlich Wertstoffe gewonnen und so eine nachhaltige Kopplung von chemischer Industrie und Landwirtschaft erreicht werden. Durch die Kombination einer Bioethanolproduktion aus lignocelluloser Biomasse mit einer bestehenden Ethanolanlage, bei welcher thermische Überschussenergie für die Umsetzung von 8000 t Weizenstroh/Jahr zur Verfügung steht (als Referenz wurde eine Anlage aus Deutschland und Südeuropa verwendet), können Ethanolherstellungspreise zwischen 0,25 und 0,30 Euro/Liter erzielt werden.
Rohstoffwandel in der chemischen Industrie
Authors: Arndt J.‐D. , Freyer S. , Geier R. , Machhammer O. , Schwartze J. , Volland M. , Diercks R. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractBis ins 19. Jahrhundert stellten nachwachsende Rohstoffe die wesentliche Quelle für die Energieerzeugung und die stoffliche Nutzung dar. Mit der industriellen Revolution nahm die Nutzung von Kohle rasant zu und entwickelte sich rasch zu einer zentralen Rohstoffbasis für die chemische Industrie – vorrangig zur Erzeugung von Farbstoffen. Im vergangenen Jahrhundert hat sich bei den fossilen Energieträgern ein konsequenter Wandel von Kohle zu Erdöl und Erdgas vollzogen. Als Ursache für diesen Wandel sind Preisvorteile, einfachere Logistik sowie die vielseitige Verwendbarkeit von Öl und Gas zu nennen. In Anbetracht der begrenzten Verfügbarkeit und der Preisentwicklung von Erdöl und Erdgas stellt sich die Frage, wie sich die Rohstoffbasis in der chemischen Industrie in Zukunft entwickeln wird.
Erzeugung von Synthesegas aus biomassestämmigen Slurries im Flugstromvergaser
Authors: Santo U. , Kuhn D. , Wiemer H.‐J. , Pantouflas E. , Zarzalis N. , Seifert H. , Kolb T. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractDie Vergasung von biomassestämmigen Slurries zur Erzeugung von Synthesegas ist ein wesentlicher Prozessschritt des am Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe entwickelten zweistufigen bioliq®‐Verfahrens. Die F&E‐Arbeiten an einem atmosphärischen Flugstromvergaser im Technikumsmaßstab konzentrieren sich auf den Einfluss der Brennstoffspezifikation und der Zerstäubungsgüte auf die Qualität des erzeugten Synthesegases und die Effizienz des Vergasungsprozesses, die z. B. durch den Kaltgaswirkungsgrad beschrieben wird.
Evaluation of methods for verifying the performance of color‐measuring instruments. Part II: Inter‐instrument reproducibility
Authors: Wyble David R. , Rich Danny C. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractPart I described an experiment in which the repeatability of a number of common, commercially available spectrocolorimeters was compared using ASTM procedures. ASTM E2214‐02 Standard Practice for Specifying and Verifying the Performance of Color‐Measuring Instruments is intended to standardize the terminology and procedures used to evaluate color measuring instruments. In this article, we develop reproducibility results from a medium‐term study of 10 commercial spectrocolorimeters. The comparisons are presented so as to contrast between the traditional color difference based specifications found in the historical literature and in manufacturer's literature and the more complex multidimensional methods specified in E2214. Instrument to instrument contrasts are reported as well as tests of agreement across a set of instruments as a whole. The results confirm common understandings. Hemispherical diffuse instruments exhibit a higher level of inter‐instrument agreement than do bidirectional (45:0) instruments. The results also provide support for a surprising conclusion about the statistical significance of the minor differences in both inter‐instrument agreement and inter‐model agreement for a single manufacturer. Some speculations on the impact of these conclusions to the development of future comparisons of spectrocolorimeters are given. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 32, 176–294, 2007
A comment about the chroma scale of Nayatani‐theoretical color order system
Authors: Sakai Hideki , Nayatani Yoshinobu 
Published: April 2007

AbstractNayatani‐theoretical (NT) color order system is a Hue–Tone color order systems. It can be used for determining surface colors with the same Tone (equiperceived lightness and equiperceived chroma) irrespective of hues under reference illuminant. The fundamental structure of NT system uses Munsell attributes HV/C for the easiness of its use. Some deviations caused by the approximation on chroma scale are naturally expected in NT system, although the formula used for deriving equivalent lightness Veq has the same structure as that for deriving L*eq using the corresponding CIELUV formula. The present article discusses the degree of approximation, and confirms the goodness of approximation. NT system can be used as it is for the field of artistic color design (complete accuracy is not required). The corrections, however, should be introduced in NT system, when higher accuracy is required. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 32, 230–233, 2007
Effects of luminance, wavelength and purity on the color attributes: Brief review with new data and perspectives
Authors: Pridmore Ralph W. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractA color stimulus may be characterized by three psychophysical dimensions (luminance, dominant wavelength, and purity), whose corresponding color attributes are lightness, hue, and chroma/colorfulness. The 3 × 3 matrix gives nine basic effects of the psychophysical dimensions on the color attributes (e.g. the effect of luminance on hue), but there are 49 possible combinations as more complex effects (e.g. the effect of luminance on hue and chroma, i.e. on chromaticity). Researching and quantifying such effects enables modelling of the underlying neural mechanisms and of color appearance. Using a simple nomenclature to identify the effects (e.g. Ph denotes the effect of Purity on hue), this paper briefly reviews and interrelates 15 of the commonest effects, giving new data or new graphical perspectives to clarify or fill gaps in the literature. Contrast and no‐contrast effects (stimuli viewed simultaneously or singly, respectively) are differentiated. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 32, 208–222, 2007
Evaluation of methods for verifying the performance of color‐measuring instruments. Part I: Repeatability
Authors: Wyble David R. , Rich Danny C. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractA recent ASTM specification (ASTM E2214‐02) was created to standardize the terminology and procedures used to evaluate color measuring instruments. This specification addresses the need for uniformity among the manufacturers of such instruments when quantifying the performance of their products. The scope of E2214 is necessarily large, covering the procedures required to compare instruments for a variety of metrics, all of which are important to their overall performance. In this work, we will focus on one aspect of the instrument evaluation: repeatability performance. We will present repeatability results from a long‐term study of twelve commercial spectrophotometers. Comparisons will be made between traditional color difference metrics and the more complex multidimensional methods specified in E2214. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 32, 166–175, 2007
Knowledge acquisition and environmental commitment in SMEs
Authors: Roy Marie‐Josée , Thérin François 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThis article presents the results of an empirical study that investigated the relationship between a firm's knowledge acquisition activities and its environmental commitment. The study focuses on both regular knowledge acquisition activities and those specific to environmental issues. Statistical analyses of the data obtained from a sample of 136 Canadian manufacturing small and medium enterprises (SMEs) were conducted. Study results first revealed that regular knowledge acquisition activities and those specific to environmental issues are positively related to environmental commitment. Results also suggest that SMEs use different knowledge sources when acquiring environmental knowledge and that trade associations and suppliers play a significant role in this process. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
CD4dimCD25bright Treg cell frequencies above a standardized gating threshold are similar in asthmatics and controls
Authors: Hoffmann Hans Jürgen , Malling Tine M. , Topcu Ayfer , Ryder Lars P. , Nielsen Kaspar R. , Varming Kim , Dahl Ronald , Omland Øyvind , Sigsgaard Torben 
Published: April 2007

AbstractBackground:Thymus selected CD4+CD25bright natural regulatory Treg cells expressing FOXP3 may contribute to control of immune responses. No unique markers have been available to identify and characterize Treg. We present a gating strategy that allows enumeration of Treg on the basis of CD4 and CD25 and investigate whether asthmatics have fewer Treg than controls.Methods:Asthmatics and controls were selected from responses to a mailed questionnaire. CD25, CD4, HLA DR, and appropriate isotypes were recorded by flow cytometry.Results:The CD4 T cells expressing most CD25 are a separate population expressing FOXP3 and lower levels of CD4 and CD127. On a CD4 CD25 dot‐plot, the CD4 MFI of Treg for 152 participants was calculated to be 0.83 ± 0.043*MFI of CD25bright T‐cells. CD4dimCD25bright T cells in a rectangular gate with a CD4 MFI ≤ 0.9 (0.83 + [2*0.043])*MFI of CD25+ T cells were enumerated and shown to be similar for controls (median 8.34%) and asthmatics (median 10.1%). HLA DR expression on Treg correlated with CD25 expression.Conclusions:A standardized two color gating method defines Treg. It may be applied in most clinical scenarios and is useful for sorting viable Treg. Asthmatics and controls have similar numbers of Treg. © 2007 International Society for Analytical Cytology
Effects of caspase inhibitors (z‐VAD‐fmk, z‐VDVAD‐fmk) on Nile Red fluorescence pattern in 7‐ketocholesterol‐treated cells: Investigation by flow cytometry and spectral imaging microscopy
Authors: Vejux Anne , Lizard Gérard , Tourneur Yves , Riedinger Jean‐Marc , Frouin Frédérique , Kahn Edmond 
Published: April 2007

AbstractBackground:The 7‐ketocholesterol (7KC)‐induced cell death has some characteristics of apoptosis and is associated with polar lipid accumulation. So, we investigated the effects of the broad‐spectrum caspase inhibitor z‐VAD‐fmk and of the caspase‐2 inhibitor z‐VDVAD‐fmk on lipid profile evaluated by staining with Nile Red (NR).Methods:The 7KC‐treated human monocytic U937 cells were cultured in the absence or in the presence of the caspase inhibitors z‐VAD‐fmk or z‐VDVAD‐fmk. When staining with NR is performed, neutral and polar lipids have yellow and orange/red emission, respectively, and fluorescence was then analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM) and by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) combined with subsequent image processing. The 3D‐image sequences were obtained by means of CLSM using spectral analysis, and were analyzed by the factor analysis of medical image sequences algorithm to differentiate spectra inside mixed fluorescence emission and get corresponding specific images.Results:By FCM, comparatively to untreated cells, higher percentages of red fluorescent cells were identified in 7KC‐treated cells. Factor curves and images reveal orange and red fluorescence emissions in 7KC‐treated cells and show yellow, orange, and red fluorescence emissions in 7KC‐treated cells cultured in the presence of z‐VAD‐fmk or z‐VDVAD‐fmk.Conclusions:Our data support that investigation by FCM and by spectral analysis in CLSM associated with subsequent image processing provides useful tools to determine the effect of caspase inhibitors on lipid content evaluated with NR. They also favor the hypothesis of relationships between caspase activity and polar lipid accumulation. © 2007 International Society for Analytical Cytology