bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A two-component system MCNtrB/MCNtrC related to nitrogen metabolism in Micromonospora carbonacea
Authors: Xiang Weiwei , Long Yuxin , Zheng Xingxing , Ni Haiyan , Zou Long , Huang Yunhong , Long Zhong-er 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Micromonospora carbonacea JXNU-1, a strain of an actinomycete with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, isolated from soil samples from the farmland in the area of Yaohu Lake in Nanchang, China, was taken as the object of study in this paper. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that there was a pair of proteins MCNtrB/MCNtrC homologous to the two-component system NtrB/NtrC, which usually exists only in the Gram-negative bacteria and is closely related to the regulation of nitrogen metabolism, in the whole cell protein of M. carbonacea. MCNtrB and MCNtrC, obtained by expression in vitro, were subjected to autophosphorylation and phosphate group transfer experiments. The results showed that MCNtrB had histidine kinase activity with the active site of His115, and MCNtrC can accept the phosphate group from phosphorylated MCNtrB with the active site of Asp33. The yeast two-hybrid experiments showed that MCNtrB and MCNtrC were a pair of proteins with a strong interaction. Overexpression of MCNtrB and MCNtrC in M. carbonacea can affect the expression of key enzymes in cellular nitrogen metabolism, such as glutamine synthetase, glutamate synthase, and glutamate dehydrogenase. These results indicated that MCNtrB/MCNtrC is a two-component system related to nitrogen metabolism in M. carbonacea, which could provide an important experimental basis for revealing the regulatory mechanism of nitrogen metabolism in M. carbonacea.
Effects of dietary supplementation with linseed oil, Ascophyllum nodosum or treated A. nodosum on animal performance, gaseous emissions, ruminal fermentation and microbiota, and meat quality in growing dairy beef bulls
Authors: Roskam Emily , Kenny David A , Kelly Alan K , Hayes Maria , Palevich Nikola , Maclean Paul H , O’Flaherty Vincent , Biswas Ambarish , Waters Sinéad M 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Oils high in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and seaweeds containing phlorotannins have potential anti-methanogenic effects in ruminants. This study assessed the potential of dietary supplementation with linseed oil, Ascophyllum nodosum or treated A. nodosum in an intensive beef cattle feeding system on animal performance, gaseous emissions, ruminal fermentation and microbiota, and muscle fatty acid profiles. Seventy-two dairy-beef bulls (380 kg; 11 months of age) were randomly allocated to one of four dietary treatments (n = 18) for a 70-d period. The diet consisted of a 60:40 grass silage:concentrate ratio. Silage was offered daily (0900 h) and concentrates were offered twice daily (0800 h and 1500 h). Dietary treatments were incorporated into the concentrate portion of the diet as follows; 1) CON (no supplementation), 2) LSO (linseed oil), 3) SW (A. nodosum) and 4) EX (A. nodosum extract), included to target 0, 4, 2 and 2% of dry matter intake (DMI), respectively. The concentrates were formulated to be isonitrogenous across the four treatment groups. Total DMI (American Calan Inc., Northwood, NH), average daily gain (ADG), gain:feed and enteric emissions (GreenFeed; C-Lock Inc., Rapid City, SD) were measured for the 70-d supplementation period. Total DMI (P = 0.17), ADG (P = 0.28), gain:feed (P = 0.68) and total tract digestibility (P = 0.70) did not differ across treatments. Daily methane production (P &lt; 0.001) for CON, LSO, SW and EX was 210, 170, 202 and 193 g/d, respectively, resulting in reductions of 19 and 8% for LSO and EX, respectively, relative to CON. Ruminal fermentation parameters show that LSO was the only dietary treatment to increase propionate (P = 0.09) and decrease butyrate (P = 0.04) concentrations relative to CON. Microbial analyses showed LSO supplementation increased and decreased relative abundances of fungal genera Buwchfawromyces and Piromyces, respectively, while altering relative abundances of the bacterial genera Muribaculaceae, Bacteroidales RF16 group and Bacterium F082. Additionally, LSO increased linolenic acid (P &lt; 0.001) and n-3 PUFA (P &lt; 0.001) concentration of the longissimus dorsi muscle compared to CON, SW and EX. In conclusion, LSO was the most effective dietary supplementation strategy compared to CON, EX and SW, whereby it reduced methane emissions, modified ruminal fermentation and microbial profiles, and enhanced beneficial muscle PUFA concentration, without impacting animal performance.
GazeSymCAT: A Symmetric Cross-Attention Transformer for Robust Gaze Estimation under Extreme Head Poses and Gaze Variations
Authors: Zhong Yupeng , Lee Sang Hun 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
With the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence, research on deep neural networks for estimating gaze from facial images captured by cameras has grown significantly. However, gaze estimation remains challenging due to the diversity of facial features, variability in head posture, partial occlusion, varying lighting conditions, eye image quality, complex eye movements, and a lack of large-scale, diverse datasets. Particularly, estimating a driver's gaze while driving a vehicle is difficult due to occlusion of the eyes when checking mirrors or turning the head to view blind spots and surroundings. To address these issues, we developed an appearance-based gaze estimation neural network based on attention, called GazeSymCAT (Symmetric Cross-Attention Transformer for Gaze Estimation). The proposed GazeSymCAT obtains contextual information that reflects the relationships among the extracted facial and eye image features through an encoder-decoder structure composed of self-attention and cross-attention layers of the transformer. This structure is followed by adding fully connected layers that estimate the gaze direction. The model proposed in this study was tested on the ETH-XGaze dataset, a large-scale, state-of-the-art dataset that includes extreme head postures, achieving state-of-the-art (SOTA) performance. Additionally, it demonstrated SOTA-comparable performance on existing general gaze estimation-related datasets, MPIIFaceGaze and EYEDIAP.
Like a candle in the wind: the embers of once aflame, now smouldering galaxies at 5 &lt; z &lt; 8
Authors: Trussler James A A , Conselice Christopher J , Adams Nathan , Austin Duncan , Caruana Joseph , Harvey Tom , Li Qiong , Lovell Christopher C , Seeyave Louise T C , Vijayan Aswin P , Wilkins Stephen M 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT
We develop a photometric search method for identifying smouldering galaxies at $5\lt z \lt 8$, which are defined to have weak emission lines and thus generally have low specific star formation rates and may even be in a state of (temporary) quiescence. The deep NIRCam imaging (${\sim }29.5$ AB mag, 5$\sigma$) from the JADES second data release is essential for finding these systems, as they are faint, relatively quiescent dwarf galaxies ($M_* \sim 10^{8\!-\!9}~\mathrm{M}_\odot)$ in the Epoch of Reionization (EoR). Moreover, medium band imaging is key, enabling a clear identification of the lack of emission lines in these galaxies, thus betraying their dormant flame. Owing to the young age of the Universe, combined with the likely bursty star formation in these first dwarf galaxies, conventional colour-selection methods like the UVJ diagram likely miss a large fraction of the quiescent population in the EoR. Indeed, we find that smouldering galaxies constitute a considerable fraction (0.05–0.35) of the EoR dwarf galaxy population ($M_* \sim 10^{8\!-\!9}~\mathrm{M}_\odot$). As predicted by simulations, these first dwarf galaxies are fragile, the star formation in their shallow potential wells easily snuffed out by feedback-driven winds triggered by secular or merger-driven starbursts, with the smouldering fraction increasing with decreasing stellar mass. Finally, we provide observational constraints on the smouldering galaxy comoving number density (${\sim }10^{-4}\!-\!10^{-5}$ dex$^{-1}$ Mpc$^{-3}$), which, although hampered by incompleteness, should aid in our understanding of the primordial baryon cycle, as current simulations greatly disagree on whether these systems are rare (${\sim }1~{{\rm per\,cent}}$) or common (${\sim }50~{{\rm per\,cent}}$) in the EoR.
BSN-I: the first in-depth photometric study of seven total-eclipse contact binary systems
Authors: Poro A , Li K , Paki E , Baudart S , Michel R , Wang L , Fernández Lajús E , Alicavus F , Foschino S , Aceves H , Tamayo F J , Chavez C E 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT
This is the first in-depth study of seven total-eclipse W Ursae Majoris-type contact binary systems using photometric light curves. The ground-based observations were conducted with four observatories in the Northern and Southern hemispheres. We also used the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite for four target systems. We presented the analysis of orbital period variations of six systems and found that they display parabolic variations. The material transfer rates between the stars of the systems were calculated. Also, the results show that four systems have a long-term increase, while two have a long-term decrease in their orbital periods. We analysed light curves using the PHysics Of Eclipsing BinariEs python code and the Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm to estimate different parameters of target systems and their uncertainties. Six of the target systems required the addition of a cold or hot star-spot. We estimated absolute parameters using the empirical relationship between the orbital period and the semimajor axis ($P\!\!-\!\!a$). According to each component’s effective temperature and mass, it was recognized that the studied systems are W subtype. We examined the dynamic stability of two targets, which were low mass ratio contact binary systems. We also showed the evolution of stars in the $M\!\!-\!\!R$ and $M\!\!-\!\!L$ diagrams. Finally, we showed that the hotter stars in contact systems have a temperature difference of less than ${\approx} 400$ K compared to the Gaia Data Release 3 temperature report.
Intensity interferometer results on Sirius with 0.25 m telescopes
Authors: Mozdzen Thomas J , Scott Richard M , Mauskopf Philip D , Rodriguez Ricardo R 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT
We present the successful measurement of the squared visibility of Sirius at a telescope separation of 3.3 m using small 0.25 m Newtonian-style telescopes in an urban backyard setting. The primary science goal for small-scale intensity interferometers has been to measure the angular diameters of stars. Recent advances in low jitter time-tagging equipment and Single Photon Avalanche Detectors have made the detection of second-order photon correlation signals feasible with small low-cost telescopes. Using Sirius as a target star, we observe a photon count rate of $\sim$1.9 Mcps per detector with matched 1.2 nm wide filters at 589.3 nm and measured the spatial squared visibility at a telescope separation of 3.3 m to be $|V_{12}(3.3\,\text{m})|^2~=~0.94\pm 0.16$. The measured signal-to-noise ratio of the detection is $\sim$7 after 13.55 h of integration. The uncertainty in the measured visibility includes uncertainty in the instrument response function. The squared visibility agrees closely with the expected value of $0.94\pm 0.01$. These results demonstrate that using small low-cost telescopes is feasible for intensity interferometry of bright stars. This enables a simple scaling in sensitivity by further realistic improvements in the instrument response jitter as well as increasing both the number of spectral bands and the number of telescopes towards systems capable of resolving objects such as quasars, white dwarfs, and galactic Cepheid variable stars.
Content-based image retrieval using COSFIRE descriptors with application to radio astronomy
Authors: Ndung’u Steven , Grobler Trienko , Wijnholds Stefan J , Azzopardi George 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT
The morphologies of astronomical sources are highly complex, making it essential not only to classify the identified sources into their predefined categories but also to determine the sources that are most similar to a given query source. Image-based retrieval is essential, as it allows an astronomer with a source under study to ask a computer to sift through the large archived database of sources to find the most similar ones. This is of particular interest if the source under study does not fall into a ‘known’ category (anomalous). Our work uses the trainable COSFIRE (Combination of Shifted Filter Responses) approach for image retrieval. COSFIRE filters are automatically configured to extract the hyperlocal geometric arrangements that uniquely describe the morphological characteristics of patterns of interest in a given image; in this case astronomical sources. This is achieved by automatically examining the shape properties of a given prototype source in an image, which ultimately determines the selectivity of a COSFIRE filter. We further utilize hashing techniques, which are efficient in terms of required computation and storage, enabling scalability in handling large data sets in the image retrieval process. We evaluated the effectiveness of our approach by conducting experiments on a benchmark data set of radio galaxies, containing 1180 training images and 404 test images. Notably, our approach achieved a mean average precision of 91 per cent for image retrieval, surpassing both DenseNet-161 and group-equivariant convolutional neural networks (G-CNNs). Moreover, our approach is significantly more computationally efficient compared to both DenseNet-161 and G-CNNs.
Measuring and Contextualizing School Refusal in Pediatric Chronic Pain
Authors: Stewart Catherine E. , Gambhir Rupa , Aladin Sana , Logan Deirdre E. 
Published: February 2025

Objective:
School refusal is a longstanding difficulty for youth with chronic pain. Yet, research is hindered by lack of adequate measurement tools to assess and describe the complex interpersonal and systems-level factors contributing to school refusal. This study investigates the utility of the School Refusal Evaluation (SCREEN) measure and its psychometric properties in a sample of youth with chronic pain.

Materials:
and Methods: Youth undergoing multidisciplinary evaluation at outpatient pain clinics completed self and parent-report questionnaires. Descriptive data examined school refusal. Internal consistency and construct validity were tested. Multiple regressions examined parent and child factors related to school refusal.

Results:
698 youth with chronic pain participated. Two-thirds reported symptoms suggesting at-risk or clinically significant symptoms of school refusal. Cronbach alpha scores were in the acceptable to good range on the SCREEN. Convergent validity for the Interpersonal Discomfort subscale of the SCREEN was established. Child fear of pain, stress, peer relationships, and parent protective behaviors significantly correlated with SCREEN total scores. Participants enrolled in fully in-person school during the study period reported significantly higher scores on the interpersonal discomfort scale than those enrolled in remote learning.

Discussion:
Our results provide evidence that youth with chronic pain experience significant challenges with school functioning and offer some support for the reliability and validity of the SCREEN in a sample of youth with chronic pain, a population for which few appropriate measures of school functioning have been established. The SCREEN measure may aid in assessing school refusal, with good clinical potential to quantify risk and identify modifiable factors.
Association Between Comorbidities and Inpatient Postpartum Permanent Contraception Completion
Authors: Carmody Mary D. , Schultz Abby L. , Berg Kristen A. , Bullington Brooke W. , Miller Emily S. , Boozer Margaret , Serna Tania , Bailit Jennifer L. , Arora Kavita Shah 
Published: February 2025

OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate whether comorbidities (defined as both medical conditions and peripartum complications) are associated with inpatient postpartum permanent contraception by tubal surgery completion.

METHODS:
This is a secondary analysis of a multisite retrospective cohort study of patients who had documented plans for permanent contraception. Our primary outcome was inpatient completion of postpartum permanent contraception by tubal surgery. We used univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses to examine associations between aggregate and individual comorbidities and the attainment of inpatient postpartum permanent contraception.

RESULTS:
In this study of 2,226 pregnant people, 53.4% of patients received postpartum permanent contraception by the time of hospital discharge, and 70.8% of patients had documented comorbidities. Although patients with medical conditions initially had lower odds of permanent contraception completion compared with those without any comorbidities (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.77, 95% CI, 0.64–0.93), this association was no longer significant after adjusting for multiple comparisons (adjusted P=.06). This association also was not significant for patients with peripartum complications (aOR 0.86, 95% CI, 0.64–1.16, adjusted P=.42). Similarly, when individual comorbidities were assessed, patients with hypertension (aOR 0.80, 95% CI, 0.65–0.97, adjusted P=.06), mental health diagnoses (aOR 0.80, 95% CI, 0.66–0.96, adjusted P=.06), and elevated body mass index (BMI, 40 or higher) (aOR 0.77, 95% CI, 0.63–0.95, adjusted P=.06) had no significant differences in odds of immediate permanent contraception attainment after adjusting for multiple comparisons.

CONCLUSIONS:
Though the balance of risks and benefits is imperative for surgical care, it is imperative that modifiable barriers to desired permanent contraception are mitigated. There were no statistically significant differences in inpatient postpartum permanent contraception attainment for patients with medical conditions in our study; however, further study is needed to better elucidate the complex relationships between medical comorbidities and contraception.
Effectiveness of Group Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Quality of Life and Psychological Wellbeing of Patients With Parkinson Disease
Authors: Narimisaei Jale , Naeim Mahdi , Nasiri Zohreh , Imannezhad Shima , Mohammadi Yasaman 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study investigates the impact of group cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) on depression reduction and quality of life improvement among individuals with Parkinson disease. A randomized clinical trial with pretest and posttest measurements involved 90 participants referred to Roozbeh Hospital in Tehran in 2023, who were randomly assigned to either an experimental group (n = 45) or a control group (n = 45). The experimental group underwent a 3-month CBT intervention comprising 12 sessions of 90 minutes each. Both groups completed the Beck Depression Inventory and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire preintervention and postintervention. Data analysis via multivariate analysis of covariance using SPSS-25 revealed significant improvements in reducing depression and enhancing quality of life in the experimental group compared with the control group (p ≤ 0.01). These findings indicate that CBT is an effective treatment for reducing depression and improving the quality of life of individuals with Parkinson disease, demonstrating its clinical applicability in therapeutic settings.
Simulation Sequencing in Nursing Education and Its Impact on Student Learning Outcomes
Authors: Falconer Brandy , Lasiter Sue , Patel Sarah 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Simulation is commonly used as a teaching modality to replace in-hospital clinical practice. Standards for simulated patient encounters have been developed; however, the sequencing of simulation experiences has not been well-established. Sequencing purposefully manipulates the order of nursing content delivery including didactic, simulation, and clinical practice. Limited supportive research has prevented the development of sequencing standards that may improve student learning.

Purpose:
To determine what is known about simulation sequencing in nursing education and if sequencing impacts learning.

Methods:
Using Arksey and O’Malley’s framework, PubMed, CINAHL, MEDLINE, Scopus, and ERIC databases were systematically searched for relevant articles.

Results:
The initial search yielded 184 articles. After removing duplicates and articles not meeting inclusion criteria, 5 articles were retained for review.

Conclusions:
Standards are established for building, conducting, and evaluating simulations. Current literature does not provide specific recommendations for sequencing simulations. Therefore, the sequencing of didactic and simulation is the logical next step in developing the science of simulation.
Concomitant Sphenopterygoid Canal and Duplicated Foramen Rotundum Detected on Computed Tomography Scan
Authors: Triantafyllou George , Papadopoulos-Manolarakis Panagiotis , Tsakotos George , Piagkou Maria 
Published: February 2025

The middle cranial fossa exhibits an interesting typical and variant anatomy. Accessory foramina frequently or rarely exists and transmits emissary veins. The sinus computed tomography scan of a 63-year-old male patient was further examined for its unique morphology. An accessory foramen rotundum (FR) was identified on the left side, 2.67 mm laterally to the typical foramen. Posterolaterally to the typical FR (10.33 mm distance), the intracranial opening of a sphenopterygoid canal was detected. This canal had a length of 22.85 mm and opened extracranially through a pterygoid foramen on the lateral pterygoid plate. The right side of the patient was typical. The unusual coexistence of 2 rare skull base variants was recorded. The accessory FR and sphenopterygoid canal presence were described only in a few case reports in the current literature, while their coexistence has not been reported. Anatomists and clinicians should remember that rare variant foramina can transmit emissary veins, such as the ones presented in the current imaging case.