bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of aggregation and electron–phonon interactions on RBM spectral reconstruction of single walled carbon nanotubes
Authors: Luo Zhengtang , Doorn Stephen K. , Li Rongfu , Papadimitrakopoulos Fotios 
Published: September 2006

AbstractWe present a methodology to reconstruct the radial breathing mode (RBM) region of the resonance Raman spectra of single walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) in isolated and aggregated states. This methodology takes into account the experimentally determined electron–phonon matrix elements (M ph) along with an energetic deviation term (ΔE). In the case of isolated SWNTs, ΔE was found to be zero, while the RBM spectral reconstruction was insensitive to variations of the electron–phonon matrix elements. On the other hand, incorpration of a non‐zero ΔE value and M ph values corrected for diameter and chiral angle dependence through trigonal warping effects was necessary in order to obtain optimum RBM spectral reconstruction for aggregated SWNT samples. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Characterizing the chirality distribution of single‐walled carbon nanotube materials with tunable Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Son H. B. , Reina A. , Dresselhaus M. S. , Kong J. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractWe have developed a methodology to use resonant Raman spectroscopy with a tunable excitation source to characterize the chirality distribution of a synthesized single‐walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) material. Isolated SWNTs are either dispersed or directly grown on substrates with markers. The samples are then placed on an automatic scanning stage of a confocal Raman microscope. Resonant Raman signals from SWNTs are collected while the laser spot scans across the substrate and a two‐dimensional mapping is obtained at each laser excitation energy. From the resonant Raman signal the chiralities of the SWNTs can be assigned and a chirality distribution of the material can therefore be obtained by examining hundreds to thousands SWNTs on the substrate. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Transparent and flexible carbon nanotube/polypyrrole and carbon nanotube/polyaniline pH sensors
Authors: Ferrer‐Anglada N. , Kaempgen M. , Roth S. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThin film Carbon Nanotube (CNT) networks are used as a conductive, transparent and flexible electrode for electrochemically depositing a conducting polymer on it, polypyrrole or polyaniline in the present work. We analyse the properties of the device as an electrochemical sensor, measuring his pH dependence by recording the open circuit potential in various buffer solutions, ranging from pH 1 to 13. The results show a good sensitivity, linearity and stability in both cases. In the case of CNT/polyaniline, it can be used simply as an optical sensor, as the colour of polyaniline changes with pH. The CNT/polypyrrole and CNT/polyaniline devices could have applications as solid state gas sensor or biosensor deposited on any shape of surface that can be transparent and flexible. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Flavonoids as antagonists at A1adenosine receptors
Authors: Alexander Stephen P. H. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the potential for ﬂavonoid action at A1adenosine receptorsin vitro. In a radioligand binding assay for A1adenosine receptor occupancy in particulate preparations from guinea‐pig cerebral cortex, flavonoids competed in concentration‐dependent manners with Hill slopes typically not different from unity. Of the ﬂavonoids tested, quercetin showed highest affinity (pKivalue of 5.33). At a concentration of 28 mm, quercetin evoked a rightward shift in theN6‐cyclopentyladenosine‐induced inhibition of electrically evoked contractions of the guinea‐pig isolated ileum, allowing the calculation of a pKivalue of 4.71. These data suggest, therefore, that ﬂavonoids represent an additional dietary source of A1adenosine receptor antagonists (beyond the methylxanthines, caffeine and theophylline). Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Basis‐set optimization for first‐principles simulation of liquid water
Authors: Kumar Santosh , Schelling Patrick K. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractWe describe simulation results for the structure and dynamics of liquid water using the SIESTA electronic structure approach. We find that the structure of water depends strongly on the particular basis set used. Applying a systematic approach to varying the basis set, we find that the basis set that results in good agreement with experimental binding energies for isolated water dimers also provides a reasonable description of the radial distribution functions of liquid water. We show that the structure of liquid water varies in a systematic fashion with the choice of basis set. Comparable to many other first‐principles studies of liquid water using gradient‐corrected density functionals, the liquid is somewhat overstructured. The possibility of further improvements through a better choice of the basis set is discussed. While improvements are likely, application to large‐scale systems will require use of a computational algorithm whose computational cost scales linearly with system size. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2007
Biological interactions between herpesviruses and cyclooxygenase enzymes
Authors: Reynolds Ashley E. , Enquist L. W. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractDecades ago, medical researchers noted that non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), for example aspirin and indomethacin, modulate primary herpesvirus infections and diminish reactivation of latent herpesvirus infections. NSAIDs inhibit cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, molecules necessary for generation of prostaglandins. Numerous studies indicate that herpesvirus infections elicit elevated levels of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX‐2) with a resultant increase in prostaglandin E2 levels (PGE2). Thus, the biochemical pathway underlying the anti‐herpetic mechanism of NSAIDs is linked to the inhibition of COX. The precise roles of COX‐2 and PGE2 in the viral life cycle are unknown. However, among the alphaherpesvirus, betaherpesvirus and gammaherpesvirus subfamilies, evolutionarily conserved mechanisms ensure modulated expression of COX molecules, underscoring their importance in viral replication and virus–host interactions. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Eisenbahnbrücken bei der Deutschen Bahn AG – Neue technische und strategische Ansätze
Authors: Koch Eckhart 
Published: September 2006

AbstractVerbundbrücken sind gute technische und ökonomische Lösungen im Eisenbahnbrückenbau. Daher wurde ein Forschungsvorhaben zu dieser Thematik durchgeführt. Die Untersuchungen zeigten, daß Verbundbrücken mit vorgefertigten Bauteilen gute Lösungen sind. In einem weiteren Projekt werden derzeit Untersuchungen zum Ermüdungsverhalten von Stahlhohlprofilbrücken durchgeführt. Ferner sind derzeit Untersuchungen im Gange, um über Schweißnahtnachbehandlungsverfahren eine Lebensdauerverlängerung von Brückenbauwerken zu erreichen.
Kleben im Stahlbau
Authors: Feldmann Markus , Völling Boris , Geßler Achim , Wellershoff Frank , Geiß Paul‐Ludwig , Wagner Astrid 
Published: September 2006

AbstractDa die Verbindungstechnik häufig für die Wahl der Bauweise ausschlaggebend ist, ist die Frage, wie man Bauteile aus Stahl bzw. aus Stahl und Glas herstellt und zusammenfügt, von grundlegender Bedeutung. So stellt Kleben im Vergleich zu herkömmlichen Verbindungsmitteln im Bereich von Bauteilentwicklungen mit neuen Querschnitts‐ und Tragwerkskonzepten eine interessante Alternative dar. Voraussetzung dafür sind an die Bedingungen des Stahlbaus angepaßte, leistungsfähige und dauerhafte Klebsysteme. In diesem Aufsatz werden innovative Bauelemente aus dem Stahlbau und dem Stahl‐Glasbau vorgestellt, bei deren Konzeption die Klebtechnik eine zentrale Rolle spielt. Nach einer kurzen Vorstellung der klebtechnischen Grundlagen werden Beispiele für zur Zeit laufende Entwicklungen und bereits erfolgreiche Lösungen im Stahlbau mit Hilfe der Klebtechnik gegeben.
Dickere Bleche bei Eisenbahnbrücken
Authors: Klingner Alfred , Schleicher Wolfram 
Published: September 2006

AbstractNach Einführung der DIN ‐Fachberichte ist die Verwendung von Stahlblechen bis 100 mm Dicke im deutschen Eisenbahnbrückenbau bauaufsichtlich geregelt. Die Umsetzung dieser Möglichkeiten vergrößert das Anwendungsspektrum von Stahlbrücken. So ist der Einsatz von dicken, unausgesteiften Fahrbahnblechen möglich. Dieses ist insbesondere sinnvoll, wenn durch geometrische Randbedingungen nur minimale Bauhöhen für die Fahrbahn zur Verfügung stehen und diese durch Querrippenfahrbahnen technisch nicht mehr realisierbar sind.
Effect of β‐xylanase supplementation of boiled castor seed meal‐based diets on the performance, nutrient absorbability and some blood constituents of pullet chicks
Authors: Babalola TOO , Apata DF , Atteh JO 
Published: September 2006

Abstractβ‐xylanase addition improved apparent nitrogen and fibre absorption as well as feed transit time. Up to 150 g kg−1 boiled castor seed meal could be incorporated into pullet chick diets without any adverse effect on growth performance or blood constituents. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Supplementary feeding to improve Desert sheep productivity under dryland farming
Authors: El‐Hag FM , Ahmed M‐K A , Salih AM , Mohamed Khair MA , Fadlalla B , Ibnoaf AA , Ahmed MMM 
Published: September 2006

AbstractSupplementary feeding of Desert ewes at mating time or for 45 days pre‐lambing, or both combined, increased lambing and twinning, gave heavier lambs and gave farmers a greater monetary return. The best return was with the two supplements combined. Supplementing the diet of weaned lambs for four months gave increased growth, advanced puberty, and gave higher conception and lambing rates. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
North Sea cod recovery?
Authors: Horwood Joe , O'Brien Carl , Darby Chris 
Published: September 2006

AbstractRecovery of depleted marine, demersal, commercial fish stocks has proved elusive worldwide. As yet, just a few shared or highly migratory stocks have been restored. Here we review the current status of the depleted North Sea cod (Gadus morhua), the scientific advice to managers, and the recovery measures in place. Monitoring the progress of North Sea cod recovery is now hampered by considerable uncertainties in stock assessments associated with low stock size, variable survey indices, and inaccurate catch data. In addition, questions arise as to whether recovery targets are achievable in a changing natural environment. We show that current targets are achievable with fishing mortality rates that are compatible with international agreements even if recruitment levels remain at the current low levels. Furthermore, recent collations of data on international fishing effort have allowed estimation of the cuts in fishing mortality achieved by restrictions on North Sea effort. By the beginning of 2005, these restrictions are estimated to have reduced fishing mortality rates by about 37%. This is insufficient to ensure recovery of North Sea cod within the next decade.
Pre‐pregnancy body mass index and pregnancy outcomes
Authors: Doherty D.A. , Magann E.F. , Francis J. , Morrison J.C. , Newnham J.P. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractObjective: To determine the effect of maternal pre‐pregnancy BMI on pregnancy outcomes.Methods: Pregnancy cohort recruited pregnancies between 16 and 18 weeks. BMI evaluated underweight, BMI < 18.5, normal, BMI 18.5–25, overweight BMI 25–30, and obese BMI > 30 women.Results: Pre‐pregnancy BMI classified 331 women as underweight (11.7%), 1982 normal (69.9%), 326 overweight (11.5%), and 188 as obese (6.6%). Obese women were more likely to develop gestational diabetes (p < 0.001), hypertension (p < 0.001), preeclampsia (p < 0.001), need labor induction (p < 0.001), cesarean delivery for fetal distress (p < 0.001), postpartum hemorrhage (p = 0.003), need neonatal resuscitation (p = 0.001) and deliver hypoglycemic infants (p = 0.007). Being underweight is correlated with fetal growth restriction (p = 0.001).Conclusion: Pre‐pregnancy obesity is a risk factor for gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, labor induction, cesarean for fetal distress, postpartum hemorrhage and neonatal hypoglycemic and need for resuscitation. Being underweight is risk factor for fetal growth restriction.
Surgical Treatment for Vertigo: Patient Survey of Vertigo, Imbalance, and Time Course for Recovery
Authors: De la Cruz Antonio , Teufert Karen Borne , Berliner Karen I. 
Published: September 2006

OBJECTIVESTo assess surgical treatment of vertigo by patient ratings of postoperative vertigo, imbalance, and timing of symptom improvement.METHODSA total of 3637 surgeries for vertigo were performed since 1974. Questionnaires sent to a random sample of patients operated since 1994 were completed by 28 endolymphatic sac shunt (ES), 54 vestibular nerve section (VNS), and 14 labyrinthectomy patients.RESULTSAll groups rated current vertigo characteristics and AAO‐HNS disability as improved (all P ≤ 0.001), though “spinning dizziness” remained in some patients in each group. The ES and VNS groups rated all characteristics of imbalance as improved (all P ≤ 0.001), but it remained present in the majority. Vertigo resolved within 2 months in 75%, but some indicated months or even 1 to 2 years before attacks stopped.CONCLUSIONSBased on patient ratings, surgery improved vertigo in all surgical groups and improved imbalance for ES and VNS groups. Imbalance will likely remain after surgery for vertigo. Patients should be informed that symptoms may not immediately resolve.
Randomized Double‐Blind Study Comparing 7‐ and 10‐day Regimens of Faropenem Medoxomil with a 10‐day Cefuroxime Axetil Regimen for Treatment of Acute Bacterial Sinusitis
Authors: UpChurch John , Rosemore Michael , Tosiello Robert , Kowalsky Steven , Echols Roger 
Published: September 2006

OBJECTIVETo compare the efficacy and safety of faropenem medoxomil, 300 mg twice daily for seven or ten days, with cefuroxime axetil 250 mg twice daily for ten days in adults with acute bacterial sinusitis (ABS).STUDY DESIGN AND SETTINGProspective, double‐blinded, phase III trial with entry criteria consistent with FDA/IDSA guidelines for diagnosis of ABS. Primary efficacy parameter was clinical response at 7 to 21 days posttherapy.RESULTSOne thousand ninety‐nine subjects were randomized and treated; 861 were efficacy valid. Clinical cure rates were 80.3% for seven days of faropenem, 81.8% for ten days of faropenem, and 74.5% for 10 days of cefuroxime axetil. The incidence of adverse events and premature discontinuations were similar for the three treatment regimens.CONCLUSIONSSeven‐ and ten‐day faropenem medoxomil regimens were similar (noninferior) to a ten‐day cefuroxime axetil regimen based on clinical response in patients with ABS.SIGNIFICANCEA seven‐day course of faropenem medoxomil 300 mg twice‐daily regimen is a promising alternative for treatment of ABS.
Evaluating the Validity of the Voice Handicap Index‐10 (VHI‐10) Among Hebrew Speakers
Authors: Amir Ofer , Tavor Yael , Leibovitzh Tali , Ashkenazi Odelia , Michael Orit , Primov‐Fever Adi , Wolf Michael 
Published: September 2006

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the validity of a translated version of the Voice Handicap Index‐10 (VHI‐10).STUDY DESIGN AND SETTINGIn a parallel group design, 221 patients with different laryngeal pathologies and 172 people with no laryngeal pathology completed a Hebrew version of the VHI‐10. Validity and reliability were assessed as well as group differences.RESULTSStatistical analyses demonstrated high reliability values (Cronbach's Alpha r = 0.949). Responses were not affected by age (P = 0.373) or gender (P = 0.360). The control group received significantly lower scores than all pathological groups (P < 0.05). Within the pathological groups, the “neurogenic” and “mucosa irregularity’ groups were rated higher than all other pathological groups (P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONThe VHI‐10 questionnaire maintains its validity and reliability across translation to Hebrew. Moreover, although the VHI‐10 is essentially a unidimensional tool, it provides partial information on the 3 subjective dimensions of the full VHI.
Quality of Life Outcomes in Laryngeal and Oropharyngeal Cancer Patients after Chemoradiation
Authors: Mowry Sarah E. , LoTempio Maria M. , Sadeghi Ahmad , Wang Kevin H. , Wang Marilene B. 
Published: September 2006

OBJECTIVEThe purpose of this study was to compare quality of life issues in patients with advanced laryngeal versus oropharyngeal cancer after treatment with chemoradiation.DESIGNA cohort study of 31 patients with laryngeal or oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma treated with chemoradiation completed the University of Washington quality of life instrument version 4 (UW‐QOL v4). Statistical analysis was performed with Wilcoxon rank sum and chi‐square tests.SETTINGAcademic tertiary care center.RESULTSBoth groups reported similar impairment in the domains of swallowing, chewing, and taste. Oropharyngeal cancer patients reported significantly worse quality of life in the domain of saliva (P < 0.007).CONCLUSIONSwallowing, chewing, and taste were adversely affected by chemoradiation for both groups. Oropharyngeal patients experienced significantly worse problems with saliva than laryngeal patients. These patients reported high levels of satisfaction with health‐related quality of life issues.SIGNIFICANCESpecific head and neck subsites have different morbidities when treated with primary chemoradiation for advanced tumors.
BNArray: an R package for constructing gene regulatory networks from microarray data by using Bayesian network
Authors: Chen Xiaohui , Chen Ming , Ning Kaida 
Published: September 2006

Abstract
Summary: BNArray is a systemized tool developed in R. It facilitates the construction of gene regulatory networks from DNA microarray data by using Bayesian network. Significant sub-modules of regulatory networks with high confidence are reconstructed by using our extended sub-network mining algorithm of directed graphs. BNArray can handle microarray datasets with missing data. To evaluate the statistical features of generated Bayesian networks, re-sampling procedures are utilized to yield collections of candidate 1st-order network sets for mining dense coherent sub-networks.
Availability: The R package and the supplementary documentation are available at .
Contact: mchen@zju.edu.cn
A scalable method for integration and functional analysis of multiple microarray datasets
Authors: Huttenhower Curtis , Hibbs Matt , Myers Chad , Troyanskaya Olga G. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractMotivation: The diverse microarray datasets that have become available over the past several years represent a rich opportunity and challenge for biological data mining. Many supervised and unsupervised methods have been developed for the analysis of individual microarray datasets. However, integrated analysis of multiple datasets can provide a broader insight into genetic regulation of specific biological pathways under a variety of conditions.Results: To aid in the analysis of such large compendia of microarray experiments, we present Microarray Experiment Functional Integration Technology (MEFIT), a scalable Bayesian framework for predicting functional relationships from integrated microarray datasets. Furthermore, MEFIT predicts these functional relationships within the context of specific biological processes. All results are provided in the context of one or more specific biological functions, which can be provided by a biologist or drawn automatically from catalogs such as the Gene Ontology (GO). Using MEFIT, we integrated 40 Saccharomyces cerevisiae microarray datasets spanning 712 unique conditions. In tests based on 110 biological functions drawn from the GO biological process ontology, MEFIT provided a 5% or greater performance increase for 54 functions, with a 5% or more decrease in performance in only two functions.Contact: ogt@cs.princeton.eduSupplementary information: Supplementary data, a collection of predictions made by MEFIT and software implementing MEFIT are available online at .
Association of putative concave protein‐binding sites with the fluctuation behavior of residues
Authors: Ertekin Asli , Nussinov Ruth , Haliloglu Turkan 
Published: September 2006

AbstractHere, we propose a binding site prediction method based on the high frequency end of the spectrum in the native state of the protein structural dynamics. The spectrum is obtained using an elastic network model (GNM). High frequency vibrating (HFV) residues are determined from the fastest modes dynamics. HFV residue clusters and the associated surface patch residues are tested for their likelihood to locate at the binding interfaces using two different data sets, the Benchmark Set of mainly enzymes and antigen/antibodies and the Cluster Set of more diverse structures. The binding interface is identified to be within 7.5 Å of the HFV residue clusters in the Benchmark Set and Cluster Set, for 77% and 70% of the structures, respectively. The success rate increases to 88% and 84%, respectively, by using the surface patches. The results suggest that concave binding interfaces, typically those of enzyme‐binding sites, are enriched by the HFV residues. Thus, we expect that the association of HFV residues with the interfaces is mostly for enzymes. If, however, a binding region has invaginations and cavities, as in some of the antigen/antibodies and in cases in the Cluster data set, we expect it would be detected there too. This implies that binding sites possess several (inter‐related) properties such as cavities, high packing density, conservation, and disposition for hotspots at binding surfaces. It further suggests that the high frequency vibrating residue‐based approach is a potential tool for identification of regions likely to serve as protein‐binding sites. The software is available at http://www.prc.boun.edu.tr/PRC/software.html.
Molecular dynamics and in vitro analysis of Connexin43: A new 14‐3‐3 mode‐1 interacting protein
Authors: Park Darren J. , Freitas Tracey A. , Wallick Christopher J. , Guyette Carrie V. , Warn‐Cramer Bonnie J. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThe interaction of cellular proteins with the gap junction protein Connexin43 (Cx43) is thought to form a dynamic scaffolding complex that functions as a platform for the assembly of signaling, structural, and cytoskeletal proteins. A high stringency Scansite search of rat Cx43 identified the motif containing Ser373 (S373) as a 14‐3‐3 binding site. The S373 motif and the second best mode‐1 motif, containing Ser244 (S244), are conserved in rat, mouse, human, chicken, and bovine, but not in Xenopus or zebrafish Cx43. Docking studies of a mouse/rat 14‐3‐3θ homology model with the modeled phosphorylated S373 or S244 peptide ligands or their serine‐to‐alanine mutants, S373A or S244A, revealed that the pS373 motif facilitated a greater number of intermolecular contacts than the pS244 motif, thus supporting a stronger 14‐3‐3 binding interaction with the pS373 motif. The alanine substitution also reduced more than half the number of intermolecular contacts between 14‐3‐3θ and the S373 motif, emphasizing the phosphorylation dependence of this interaction. Furthermore, the ability of the wild‐type or the S244A GST‐Cx43 C‐terminal fusion protein, but not the S373A fusion protein, to interact with either 14‐3‐3θ or 14‐3‐3ζ in GST pull‐down experiments clearly demonstrated that the S373 motif mediates the direct interaction between Cx43 and 14‐3‐3 proteins. Blocking growth factor–induced Akt activation and presumably any Akt‐mediated phosphorylation of the S373 motif in ROSE 199 cells did not prevent the down‐regulation of Cx43‐mediated cell–cell communication, suggesting that an Akt‐mediated interaction with 14‐3‐3 was not involved in the disruption of Cx43 function.