bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self‐Assembly for Creating Vertically‐Aligned Graphene Micro Helices with Monolayer Graphene as Chiral Metamaterials
Authors: Lin Zihao , Mikhael Carol , Dai Chunhui , Cho Jeong‐Hyun 
Published: April 2024

AbstractGraphene's emergence enables creating chiral metamaterials in helical shapes for terahertz (THz) applications, overcoming material limitations. However, practical implementation remains theoretical due to fabrication challenges. This paper introduces a dual‐component self‐assembly technique that enables creating vertically‐aligned continuous monolayer graphene helices at microscale with great flexibility and high controllability. This assembly process not only facilitates the creation of 3D microstructures, but also positions the 3D structures from a horizontal to a vertical orientation, achieving an aspect ratio (height/width) of ≈2700. As a result, an array of vertically‐aligned graphene helices is formed, reaching up to 4 mm in height, which is equivalent to 4 million times the height of monolayer graphene. The benefit of these 3D chiral structures made from graphene is their capability to infinitely extend in height, interacting with light in ways that are not possible with traditional 2D layering methods. Such an impressive height elevates a level of interaction with light that far surpasses what is achievable with traditional 2D layering methods, resulting in a notable enhancement of optical chirality properties. This approach is applicable to various 2D materials, promising advancements in innovative research and diverse applications across fields.
Hierarchically Ordered Pore Engineering of Metal–Organic Framework‐Based Materials for Electrocatalysis
Authors: Li Xiaofang , Wu Xin‐Tao , Xu Qiang , Zhu Qi‐Long 
Published: April 2024

AbstractOrdered pore engineering that embeds uniform pores with periodic alignment in electrocatalysts opens up a new avenue for achieving further performance promotion. Hierarchically ordered porous metal–organic frameworks (HOP‐MOFs) possessing multilevel pores with ordered distribution are the promising precursors for the exploration of ordered porous electrocatalysts, while the scalable acquisition of HOP‐MOFs with editable components and adjustable pore size regimes is critical. This review presents recent progress on hierarchically ordered pore engineering of MOF‐based materials for enhanced electrocatalysis. The synthetic strategies of HOP‐MOFs with different pore size regimes, including the self‐assembly guided by reticular chemistry, surfactant, nanoemulsion, and nanocasting, are first introduced. Then the applications of HOP‐MOFs as the precursors for exploring hierarchically ordered porous electrocatalysts are summarized, selecting representatives to highlight the boosted performance. Especially, the intensification of molecule and ion transport integrated with optimized electron transfer and site exposure over the hierarchically ordered porous derivatives are emphasized to clarify the directional transfer and integration effect endowed by ordered pore engineering. Finally, the remaining scientific challenges and an outlook of this field are proposed. It is hoped that this review will guide the hierarchically ordered pore engineering of nanocatalysts for boosting the catalytic performance and promoting the practical applications.
A Comprehensive Review of Battery‐Integrated Energy Harvesting Systems
Authors: Han Dong‐Yeob , Song Chi Keung , Lee Gayoung , Song Woo‐Jin , Park Soojin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAt the forefront of technological advancement, the proliferation of portable and wearable electronics has necessitated the development of innovative power solutions. As these devices become increasingly indispensable in daily life, the demand for sustainable and adaptable power sources has intensified. This review focuses on integrated self‐charging power systems (SCPSs), which synergize energy storage systems, particularly through rechargeable batteries like lithium‐ion batteries, with energy harvesting from solar, mechanical, thermal, and chemical energy. These SCPSs extend operational times, reduce recharging frequency, and have the potential to develop self‐sufficient power systems. The study explores various approaches to optimize both individual components and the integrated power system for wearable and flexible electronics, covering SCPSs that combine multiple energy‐harvesting strategies. Special attention is given to design considerations, material advancements, and engineering challenges, alongside the latest research breakthroughs in energy harvesting and storage technology. The review concludes with an assessment of the prospects and challenges in the field of battery‐integrated energy harvesting systems, highlighting the need for advancements in energy density, power output, and safety to meet the demands of modern electronics.
Efficient Generation of Plasma‐Activated Aerosols with High Concentrations of Reactive Species via Silicon Dioxide Coated Surface Acoustic Wave Devices
Authors: Chew Nicholas S. L. , Roudini Mehrzad , Winkler Andreas , Ooi Chien W. , Yeo Leslie Y. , Tan Ming K. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAn effective method to deliver plasma‐activated water onto contaminated surfaces is with a surface acoustic wave (SAW) nebulizer that can efficiently produce plasma‐activated aerosols. While higher reactive species concentrations in the plasma‐activated aerosols promote more efficient bacterial inactivation and hence reduce the amount of aerosols needed to completely eradicate the bacteria colonies, higher concentrations of reactive species themselves are found to lead to lower nebulization rates due to the increased electrical conductivity of the solution. To circumvent this problem, it is shown that coating the SAW substrate with a thin insulating layer of silicon dioxide (SiO2) can significantly mitigate the nebulization rate reduction. Specifically, when the electrical conductivity increases from 0.25 to 4.0 mS cm−1, the 62% drop in the nebulization rate is observed with the uncoated SAW devices is substantially reduced to 19% simply with the SiO2 coating. This can be attributed to the synergistic effects of increased wettability and the suppression of the electrical body force acting on the liquid film. The concomitant increase in the bacterial colony reduction from 17% to 76% demonstrates this solution to be a facile yet effective way of enhancing the efficiency for spray‐based bacterial inactivation on contaminated surfaces.
Stereoselective Access to β‐gem‐Difluorinated Alcohols Through Enzymatic Reduction
Authors: Bacheley Lucas , Boutet Julien , Guillamot Gérard , Gilles Pierre , Martin Juliette , Phansavath Phannarath , Ratovelomanana‐Vidal Virginie 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe report here a mild process to access diversely functionalized enantioenriched β‐gem‐difluorinated (S)‐alcohols by using biocatalytic reduction in >99% yield and enantiomeric excesses ranging from 96% to >99%. This novel approach involves enzymatic reduction of α‐gem‐difluorinated heterocyclic and carbocyclic ketone derivatives as well as an acyclic gem‐difluorinated β‐ketosulfone and proceeds under mild conditions at 30 °C under aqueous conditions to produce a range of high added value enantioenriched difluorinated alcohols including 3,3‐difluorochromanol, 3,3‐difluorothiochromanol, 3,3‐difluoro‐dihydroquinolinol, and α‐difluorinated β‐hydroxysulfone derivatives. A comparative study between enzymatic reduction and metal‐catalyzed asymmetric transfer hydrogenation was carried out as well.
A Bio‐Inspired Artificial Tactile Sensing System Based on Optical Microfiber and Enhanced by Neural Network
Authors: Weng Junjie , Xiao Siyang , Yu Yang , Zhang Jianfa , Chen Jian , Wang Dongying , Wang Zhencheng , Liang Jianqiao , Ma Hansi , Yang Junbo , Wang Tianwu , Zhang Zhenrong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHuman tactile perception involves the activation of mechanoreceptors located within the skin in response to external stimuli, along with the organization and processing within the brain. However, human sensations may be subject to the issues related to some physiological factors (such as skin injury or neurasthenia), resulting in inability to quantify tactile information. To address this challenge, a novel bio‐inspired artificial tactile (BAT) sensing system enabled by the integration of optical microfiber (OM) with full‐connected neural network (FCNN) in this paper is demonstrated, inspired by human physiological characteristics and tactile mechanisms. In this system, the BAT sensor mimics human skin, where the OM serves as the mechanoreceptor for sensing tactile stimuli, while the FCNN functions as a simulated human brain to train and extract the signal characteristics for intelligent object recognition. The experimental results indicate that the proposed BAT sensor can sensitively respond to both the contact force (static tactile stimuli), as well as the vibrotactile events (dynamic tactile stimuli) for the recognition of regular textures. Furthermore, by integrating the trained FCNN, the BAT sensing system accurately identifies various intricate surface textures with an exceptional accuracy of 95.7%, highlighting its potential in next‐generation human‐machine interaction and advanced robotics.
Predicting Photodetector Responsivity through Machine Learning
Authors: Arjmandi‐Tash Amir‐Mohammad , Mansourian Amir , Rahsepar Fatemeh Rahnemaye , Abdi Yaser 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study introduces a novel methodology for predicting photodetector responsivity, specifically targeting challenging materials like borophene. The synthesis of these materials faces substantial experimental complexities, necessitating reliable performance predictions before fabrication. To address this, a comprehensive approach leveraging advanced machine learning techniques, specifically artificial neural networks (ANN), is developed. Integration of X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectra data into AI models enables efficient prediction of photodetector efficiency prior to device fabrication. The innovation lies in strategically incorporating Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) for dataset augmentation, significantly expanding the dataset size and enhancing the robustness of the ANN model. Sensitivity analyses highlighted influential factors such as bias voltage and spectral coefficients, validating the approach and aligning with recent experimental findings. This methodology not only advances optoelectronics, but also holds promise for materials science and device engineering. Predictions for Wavelength‐Responsivity plots, considering borophene allotropes as active layers and n‐Si as substrates, show peaks around 300–400 nm, ranging from 0.04 to 0.36 AW−1 at bias voltages between 1 and 5 volts. These estimations assume a borophene layer thickness of approximately 1.6 nm and a radiation power intensity of 5000 µ Wcm−2.
Programmable Enzymatic Reaction Network in Artificial Cell‐Like Polymersomes
Authors: Seo Hanjin , Lee Hyomin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe ability to precisely control in vitro enzymatic reactions in synthetic cells plays a crucial role in the bottom‐up design of artificial cell models that can recapitulate the key cellular features and functions such as metabolism. However, integration of enzymatic reactions has been limited to bulk or microfluidic emulsions without a membrane, lacking the ability to design more sophisticated higher‐order artificial cell communities for reconstituting spatiotemporal biological information at multiple length scales. Herein, droplet microfluidics is utilized to synthesize artificial cell‐like polymersomes with distinct molecular permeability for spatiotemporal control of enzymatic reactions driven by external signals and fuels. The presence of a competing reverse enzymatic reaction that depletes the active substrates is shown to enable demonstration of fuel‐driven formation of sub‐microcompartments within polymersomes as well as realization of out‐of‐equilibrium systems. In addition, the different permeability characteristics of polymersome membranes are exploited to successfully construct a programmable enzymatic reaction network that mimics cellular communication within a heterogeneous cell community through selective molecular transport.
Synchronous Electrochromism and Electrofluorochromism in a Zirconium Pyrenetetrabenzoate Metal–Organic Framework
Authors: Guerraf Abdelqader El , Zeng Wenyi , Mantel Arthur , Benhsina Elhassan , Chin Jia Min , Shiozawa Hidetsugu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRedox‐active materials that exhibit both electrochromism and electrofluorochromism have great potential as multifunctional elements in optoelectronics. Here, in situ spectroelectrochemistry is presented on NU‐1000, a zirconium pyrenetetrabenzoate metal–organic framework. A thin film of NU‐1000 exhibits reversible color changes between light yellow and dark blue when subjected to an alternating electrochemical potential. In situ fluorescence excitation‐emission spectral mapping elucidates a dominant blue emission of highly fluorescent electrochromic NU‐1000 that is being quenched via an oxidation reaction. Density‐functional theory calculations reveal the forbidden optical transition between the singly occupied molecular orbital (SOMO) and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) in the oxidized linker as the cause of the quenching. Double potential step chronoamperometry measures response times as fast as a dozen seconds and excellent switching stability over 500 cycles without noticeable attenuation of the color contrast. These findings provide valuable insight into the electrochromism and electrofluorochromism in metal–organic frameworks, offering exciting opportunities for developing advanced multifunctional porous materials with potential applications in optoelectronics and sensing.
Direct Observation for Distinct Behaviors of Gamma‐Ray Irradiation‐Induced Subgap Density‐of‐States in Amorphous InGaZnO TFTs by Multiple‐Wavelength Light Source
Authors: Yoo Jaewook , Jo Hyeun Seung , Jeon Seung‐Bae , Moon Taehwan , Lee Hongseung , Lim Seongbin , Song Hyeonjun , Lee Binhyeong , Yoon Soon Joo , Kim Soyeon , Park Minah , Park Seohyeon , Jeong Jo Hak , Heo Keun , Lee Yoon Kyeung , Ye Peide D. , Kim TaeWan , Bae Hagyoul 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe amorphous In─Ga─Zn─O (a‐IGZO) thin film transistors (TFTs) have attracted attention as a cell transistor for the next generation DRAM architecture because of its low leakage current, high mobility, and the back‐end‐of‐line (BEOL) compatibility that enables monolithic 3D (M3D) integration. IGZO‐based electronic devices used in harsh environments such as radiation exposure can be vulnerable, resulting in functional failure. Here, the behavior of subgap density‐of‐states (DOS) over full subgap range according to the impactful gamma‐ray irradiation in a‐IGZO TFTs is investigated by employing DC current–voltage (I−V) data with multiple‐wavelength light sources. To understand the origins of the radiation effect, IGZO films have been also analyzed by x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Considering in‐depth electrical and chemical analysis, the unexpected increase of subthreshold leakage current caused by total ionizing dose (TID) is strongly correlated with newly discovered deep‐donor states () at the specific energy level. In particular, oxygen vacancies caused by the gamma‐ray irradiation give rise to undesirable electrical characteristics such as hysteresis effect and negative shift of threshold voltage (VT). Furthermore, the TCAD simulation results based on DOS model parameters are found to exhibit good agreement with experimental data and plausible explanation including ().
Comprehensive Dopant Screening in Li7La3Zr2O12 Garnet Solid Electrolyte
Authors: Anderson Ethan , Zolfaghar Elliot , Jonderian Antranik , Khaliullin Rustam Z. , McCalla Eric 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPromising Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) garnet electrolytes for solid Li batteries are highly sensitive to doping to modify performance. Herein, LLZO samples with 59 different elemental dopants are synthesized with substitutions on each of the 3 sites (177 total materials). Many potential dopants successfully integrate into the LLZO garnet crystal structure (either cubic or tetragonal), while doping on the optimum site predicted from either previous DFT calculations or the far cheaper bond valence calculations promotes the cubic phase. Room temperature ionic conductivities of up to 1.2 × 10−3 S cm−1 are achieved demonstrating the quality of materials made in high‐throughput here, and 36 different dopants yield a >10x improvement in conductivity over undoped LLZO. This opens up dramatically the playground for new garnet materials. Other important metrics for electrolytes are also screened systematically. Electronic conductivity is generally suppressed with doping, though certain dopants need to be avoided as they enhance the risk of dendrite formation. The electrochemical stability window of the doped LLZO samples is also screened carefully and shows tunability with certain dopants improving the high voltage stability while others help at low voltage. The results will therefore serve to guide rational codoping studies to combine the benefits of various dopants.
High‐Power‐Density Hybrid Acid/Alkali Zinc–Air Battery for High‐Efficiency Desalination
Authors: Gao Jiyuan , Pan Duo , Chen Kai , Liu Yangjie , Chen Junxiang , Wen Zhenhai 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe electrochemical desalination technique is recognized as a promising solution to alleviate freshwater shortages, challenges yet persists in achieving optimal energy efficiency and cost‐effectiveness. Herein, a hybrid acid/alkali zinc air desalination battery (hAA‐ZADB) capable of concurrent desalination and high‐power density is reported. To improve cathodic efficiency and cost‐effectiveness, an electrocatalyst with dual atomic Fe–Mn sites on porous dodecahedral carbon (Mn‐Fe/p‐DC) is fabricated through a simple direct pyrolysis strategy for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The Mn–Fe/p‐DC‐900 electrocatalyst demonstrates exceptional electrocatalytic activity (E1/2 = 0.8 V in 0.5 m H2SO4) for ORR. This innovative hybrid acid/alkali cell design, coupled with advanced electrocatalysts, empowers the hAA‐ZADB system to achieve outstanding performance benchmarks with a high open circuit voltage of 2.22 V, an impressive power density of 375 mW cm−2, and notably elevated energy output of 106.9 kJ mol−1 even at a current density of 100 mA cm−2 during desalination. Distinguishing this work is its additional functionality, evident in a rapid salt removal rate of 3.64 mg cm−2 min−1 during desalination, achieving an impressive 88.67% removal of 0.6 M NaCl. This study highlights the promising potential of employing metallic air batteries for a self‐powered desalination technique applicable to specific scenarios.
Navigating the Carbon Maze: A Roadmap to Effective Carbon Conductive Networks for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Baumgärtner Julian F. , Kravchyk Kostiantyn V. , Kovalenko Maksym V. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractConductive networks are integral components in Li‐ion battery electrodes, serving the dual function of providing electrons to the active material while its porosity ensures Li‐ion electrolyte accessibility to deliver and release Li‐ions, thereby ultimately determining the electrochemical performance of the battery. In the realm of academic research, the task of fabricating an electrode endowed with an effective conductive network has emerged as a daunting challenge, profoundly influencing a researcher's ability to showcase the intrinsic electrochemical performance of an active material. In the diverse landscape of conductive additives for battery electrodes, researchers are faced with a myriad of options when deciding on the appropriate additive and optimal electrode preparation methodology. This review seeks to provide a fundamental understanding and practical guidelines for designing battery electrodes with effective conductive networks across various length scales. This involves the meticulous selection of specific carbon conductive additives from the plethora of options and the exploration of methods for their effective integration into the electrode, all tailored to the unique characteristics of the active materials and the specific research objectives.
Design Principle of Insulating Surface Protective Layers for Metallic Zn Anodes: A Case Study of ZrO2
Authors: Wei Binbin , Zheng Jiaxian , Abhishek  , Liu Xin , Wu JinGang , Qi Zhengbing , Hou Zhuo , Wang Rui , Ma Jidong , Gandi Appala Naidu , Wang Zhoucheng , Liang Hanfeng 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAqueous Zn batteries, which use metallic Zn as anodes, have gained significant attention due to their affordability and high safety standards. However, these Zn anodes are plagued by issues such as Zn dendritic growth and side reactions, including corrosion and hydrogen evolution. One straightforward yet effective approach to mitigate these issues is to apply protective coatings to the Zn anodes to enhance their reversibility. It is generally believed that these protective layers should have a high affinity for Zn. Contrarily, this study proposes that non‐conductive coatings should form a strong binding with H+ ions while maintaining a weaker interaction with Zn2+ ions, thereby ensuring a higher selectivity for H+ over Zn2+. This concept is illustrated using zirconium dioxide (ZrO2), an ionic conductor that meets these criteria and effectively curbs side reactions and dendritic growth of Zn. Remarkably, Zn anodes coated with ZrO2 layer demonstrate a lifespan exceeding 6000 h at 1 mA cm−2 and 1 mAh cm−2, significantly outperforming uncoated ones, which last <200 h. This discovery introduces a novel design principle for insulating surface coatings, potentially applicable not only for Zn but also for other metal anodes.
An environmental corrected descriptor based on d‐orbital spin states for atomically dispersed dual‐metal catalysts
Authors: Han Linkai , Qiu Wenhao , Xiang Zhonghua 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAtomically dispersed dual‐metal sites catalysts, also named as dual‐atom catalysts, have become a frontier, since they combine the merits of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts to satisfy the demands for critical catalytic reactions in green energy industrial equipment. However, the absence of further understanding for the evolution of catalyst structures in reaction environments results in a significant gap between the theoretical and experimental. Here, we provide a model to understand the evolution of the active configuration in acidic oxygen reduction and evolution reactions and propose an environmental corrected descriptor (Δξ) based on d‐orbital spin states to reveal the activity control mechanism. Taking the acidic ORR as an example, Δξ correlated well with the overpotential (R2 = 0.96), which is determined by the number of electron occupancies in dz2 orbital (Fdz2). Accordingly, this work provides new insights into the design of green energy industrial catalysts in reaction environments.
Efficient electrolysis of CO2 capture solution to syngas over Ni‐N‐C catalyst
Authors: Sheng Xuedi , Ge Wangxin , Dong Lei , Jiang Hongliang , Li Chunzhong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCarbon dioxide (CO2) electrolysis is an important process for storing excess renewable electricity. However, this process is commonly carried out in a high‐purity‐CO2 environment. Here, we conduct a systematic investigation into the operational performance of CO2 capture solutions for producing syngas. Using Ni‐N‐C electrocatalysts, by reducing the thickness of the catalytic layer and accelerating the mass transport, we achieve 58.6% CO Faradaic efficiency at a current density of 100 mA cm−2 and a full cell voltage of 3.67 V. Efficient syngas (MolH2/MolCO = 1–4) production has achieved at a wide range of current densities, that is, 100 to 300 mA cm−2 using a 3 M KHCO3 solution. It is also demonstrated that the Ni‐N‐C electrocatalysts compared to commercial Ag catalysts show better impurity tolerance and CO selectivity. These findings underscore the potential of CO2 capture solution as a direct carbon source for CO2 electrolysis.