bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of two autologous hematopoietic stem cell mobilization strategies in patients with multiple myeloma: CE plus G‐CSF versus G‐CSF only: A single‐center retrospective analysis
Authors: Dill Veronika , Blüm Philipp , Lindemann Anja , Biederstädt Alexander , Högner Marion , Götze Katharina S. , Bassermann Florian , Hildebrandt Martin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundDespite recent advances in the treatment of multiple myeloma, high‐dose chemotherapy followed by autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) remains an essential therapeutic keystone. As for the stem cell mobilization procedure, different regimens have been established, usually consisting of a cycle of chemotherapy followed by application of granulocyte‐colony stimulating factor (G‐CSF), although febrile neutropenia is a common complication. Following national guidelines, our institution decided to primarily use G‐CSF only mobilization during the COVID‐19 pandemic to minimize the patients' risk of infection and to reduce the burden on the health system.Study Design and MethodsIn this retrospective single‐center analysis, the efficacy and safety of G‐CSF only mobilization was evaluated and compared to a historic control cohort undergoing chemotherapy‐based mobilization by cyclophosphamide and etoposide (CE) plus G‐CSF.ResultsAlthough G‐CSF only was associated with a higher need for plerixafor administration (p < .0001) and a higher number of apheresis sessions per patient (p = .0002), we were able to collect the target dose of hematopoietic stem cells in the majority of our patients. CE mobilization achieved higher hematopoietic stem cell yields (p = .0015) and shorter apheresis sessions (p < .0001) yet was accompanied by an increased risk of febrile neutropenia (p < .0001). There was no difference in engraftment after ASCT.DiscussionG‐CSF only mobilization is a useful option in selected patients with comorbidities and an increased risk of serious infections, especially in the wintertime or in future pandemics.
In the face and neck, keloid scar distribution is related to skin thickness and stiffness changes associated with movement
Authors: Cho Hoyu , Dohi Teruyuki , Wakai Hanae , Quong Whitney Laurel , Linh Nguyen Doan Tien , Usami Satoshi , Ogawa Rei 
Published: April 2024

AbstractKeloid scars tend to occur in high‐tension sites due to mechanical stimuli that are involved in their development. To date, a detailed analysis of keloid distribution focused specifically on facial and neck areas has not been reported, and limited literature exists as to the related mechanical factors. To rectify this deficiency of knowledge, we first quantified the facial and neck keloid distribution observed clinically in 113 patients. Subsequently, we performed a rigorous investigation into the mechanical factors and their associated changes at these anatomic sites in healthy volunteers without a history of pathologic scarring. The association between keloid‐predilection sites and sebaceous gland‐dense and acne‐prone sites was also examined. To assess skin stretch, thickness and stiffness, VECTRA, ultrasound and indentometer were utilised. Baseline skin stiffness and thickness were measured, as well as the magnitude of change in these values associated with facial expression and postural changes. Within the face and neck, keloids were most common near the mandibular angle (41.3%) and lateral submental (20.0%) regions. These areas of increased keloid incidence were not associated with areas more dense in sebaceous glands, nor linked consistently with acne‐susceptible regions. Binomial logistic regression revealed that changes in skin stiffness and thickness related to postural changes significantly predicted keloid distribution. Skin stiffness and thickness changes related to prolonged mechanical forces (postural changes) are most pronounced at sites of high keloid predilection. This finding further elucidates the means by which skin stretch and tension are related to keloid development. As a more detailed analysis of mechanical forces on facial and neck skin, this study evaluates the nuances of multiple skin‐mechanical properties, and their changes in a three‐dimensional framework. Such factors may be critical to better understanding keloid progression and development in the face and neck.
Early rehabilitation after spinal cord injury: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Martinache Florence , Foudhaïli Adéla , Vigué Bernard 
Published: April 2024

Objective:
The objective of this scoping review is to identify the timings and types of early rehabilitation after spinal cord injuries (SCI) that are documented in the literature, as well as identify possible research gaps in this field.

Introduction:
Preclinical and clinical studies support the idea that early rehabilitation may be beneficial for patients with acute SCI. However, the timing and types of rehabilitation that should and could be used in the acute stage are still unclear. The first step towards such knowledge is to extensively review what is documented in the literature.

Inclusion Criteria:
This review will consider all papers focusing on early rehabilitation after SCI in adult humans or animals (<3 months post-SCI for humans and other primates and <3 weeks post-SCI for other animals). Interventions in the included papers must aim at sensorimotor or functional improvement and take place in a hospital or a rehabilitation center if they target human subjects.

Methods:
MEDLINE (PubMed), Scopus, Embase (Embase.com), PEDro, Web of Science Core Collection, CINAHL (EBSCOhost), Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane CENTRAL, PROSPERO, ClinicalTrials.gov, and gray literature sources will be searched for eligible articles. This review will include published and unpublished experimental and observational studies, research protocols, conference abstracts, systematic reviews, and guidelines. No language or date limits will be applied. Two independent reviewers will perform study selection and data extraction, and the results will be presented according to the SCI type and severity.

Review Registration:
Open Science Framework https://osf.io/q45er
Vortex Identification Method Based on Topological Analysis and Velocity Gradient Invariance
Authors: Qu Xiaoyun , He Rong , Wang Tong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Analysis on eddy motion is the essential method for understanding viscous flows. Compared with the current methods to identify the vortex, the study presents a method to investigate vortex structures based on topological analysis and nonlinear dynamics, and establishes a connection between the direction of the vortex and the real eigenvalue of the velocity gradient tensor. The study highlights the significance of the real and imaginary parts of complex eigenvalues in vortex development, wherein the real part indicates topological stability and the imaginary part represents swirling strength, contributing to get the characters of the viscous flows.
Confronting Fascism
Authors: El-Ojeili Chamsy 
Published: April 2024

How did socialists in interwar Europe interpret fascism as it was evolving in the period? Taking a broad sociology of knowledge approach, this article examines the significant variety and complexity of socialist interpretations of fascism, but also the ways in which organisational interests, competitive intersocialist relations, and situational forces shaped and constrained these analyses. Furthermore, it explores the ways in which socialist defeats and the detachment of intellectuals from socialist organisations produced creative ruptures in socialist knowledge about fascism. The vigour, diversity, and richness of the knowledge on fascism produced by socialists in the interwar period can be of significant contemporary value to the Left as it faces an expanding, enigmatic far-right.
Outpatient treatment with concomitant vaccine-boosted convalescent plasma for patients with immunosuppression and COVID-19
Authors: Ripoll Juan G. , Tulledge-Scheitel Sidna M. , Stephenson Anthony A. , Ford Shane , Pike Marsha L. , Gorman Ellen K. , Hanson Sara N. , Juskewitch Justin E. , Miller Alex J. , Zaremba Solomiia , Ovrom Erik A. , Razonable Raymund R. , Ganesh Ravindra , Hurt Ryan T. , Fischer Erin N. , Derr Amber N. , Eberle Michele R. , Larsen Jennifer J. , Carney Christina M. , Theel Elitza S. , Parikh Sameer A. , Kay Neil E. , Joyner Michael J. , Senefeld Jonathon W. 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Although severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and hospitalization associated with COVID-19 are generally preventable among healthy vaccine recipients, patients with immunosuppression have poor immunogenic responses to COVID-19 vaccines and remain at high risk of infection with SARS-CoV-2 and hospitalization. In addition, monoclonal antibody therapy is limited by the emergence of novel SARS-CoV-2 variants that have serially escaped neutralization. In this context, there is interest in understanding the clinical benefit associated with COVID-19 convalescent plasma collected from persons who have been both naturally infected with SARS-CoV-2 and vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 (“vax-plasma”). Thus, we report the clinical outcome of 386 immunocompromised outpatients who were diagnosed with COVID-19 and who received contemporary COVID-19-specific therapeutics (standard-of-care group) and a subgroup who also received concomitant treatment with very high titer COVID-19 convalescent plasma (vax-plasma group) with a specific focus on hospitalization rates. The overall hospitalization rate was 2.2% (5 of 225 patients) in the vax-plasma group and 6.2% (10 of 161 patients) in the standard-of-care group, which corresponded to a relative risk reduction of 65% (
P
= 0.046). Evidence of efficacy in nonvaccinated patients cannot be inferred from these data because 94% (361 of 386 patients) of patients were vaccinated. In vaccinated patients with immunosuppression and COVID-19, the addition of vax-plasma or very high titer COVID-19 convalescent plasma to COVID-19-specific therapies reduced the risk of disease progression leading to hospitalization.

IMPORTANCE
As SARS-CoV-2 evolves, new variants of concern (VOCs) have emerged that evade available anti-spike monoclonal antibodies, particularly among immunosuppressed patients. However, high-titer COVID-19 convalescent plasma continues to be effective against VOCs because of its broad-spectrum immunomodulatory properties. Thus, we report clinical outcomes of 386 immunocompromised outpatients who were treated with COVID-19-specific therapeutics and a subgroup also treated with vaccine-boosted convalescent plasma. We found that the administration of vaccine-boosted convalescent plasma was associated with a significantly decreased incidence of hospitalization among immunocompromised COVID-19 outpatients. Our data add to the contemporary data providing evidence to support the clinical utility of high-titer convalescent plasma as antibody replacement therapy in immunocompromised patients.
Supplemental Material: Identifying and characterizing missing source orogens for syn-orogenic basins based on detrital accessory mineral U-Pb geochronology and trace element geochemistry
Authors: Wang Lijun , Lin Shoufa , Xiao W.J. , al. et 
Published: April 2024

<p>Analytical methods and data, sample location map, field photographs and thin section photomicrographs, cathodoluminescence and backscatter electron images, and Concordia and kernel density estimation plots. </p>
Impact of large scale, multicomponent intervention to reduce proton pump inhibitor overuse in integrated healthcare system: difference-in-difference study
Authors: Kurlander Jacob E , Laine Loren , Kim Hyungjin Myra , Roberts Christopher B , Saffar Darcy , Myers Aimee , Holleman Robert , Gao Yuqing , Shank Michelle , Nelson Richard , Forman Jane , Helfrich Christian D , Krein Sarah L , Saini Sameer D , Yang Yu-Xiao 
Published: April 2024

Objective
To determine how a large scale, multicomponent, pharmacy based intervention to reduce proton pump inhibitor (PPI) overuse affected prescribing patterns, healthcare utilization, and clinical outcomes.

Design
Difference-in-difference study.

Setting
US Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, in which one regional network implemented the overuse intervention and all 17 others served as controls.

Participants
All individuals receiving primary care from 2009 to 2019.

Intervention
Limits on PPI refills for patients without a documented indication for long term use, voiding of PPI prescriptions not recently filled, facilitated electronic prescribing of H2 receptor antagonists, and education for patients and clinicians.

Main outcome measures
The primary outcome was the percentage of patients who filled a PPI prescription per 6 months. Secondary outcomes included percentage of days PPI gastroprotection was prescribed in patients at high risk for upper gastrointestinal bleeding, percentage of patients who filled either a PPI or H2 receptor antagonist prescription, hospital admission for acid peptic disease in older adults appropriate for PPI gastroprotection, primary care visits for an upper gastrointestinal diagnosis, upper endoscopies, and PPI associated clinical conditions.

Results
The number of patients analyzed per interval ranged from 192 607 to 250 349 in intervention sites and from 3 775 953 to 4 360 868 in control sites, with 26% of patients receiving PPIs before the intervention. The intervention was associated with an absolute reduction of 7.3% (95% confidence interval −7.6% to −7.0%) in patients who filled PPI prescriptions, an absolute reduction of 11.3% (−12.0% to −10.5%) in PPI use among patients appropriate for gastroprotection, and an absolute reduction of 5.72% (−6.08% to −5.36%) in patients who filled a PPI or H2 receptor antagonist prescription. No increases were seen in primary care visits for upper gastrointestinal diagnoses, upper endoscopies, or hospital admissions for acid peptic disease in older patients appropriate for gastroprotection. No clinically significant changes were seen in any PPI associated clinical conditions.

Conclusions
The multicomponent intervention was associated with reduced PPI use overall but also in patients appropriate for gastroprotection, with minimal evidence of either clinical benefits or harms.
Reporting form and content of research priorities identified in knee osteoarthritis clinical practice guidelines: a methodological literature analysis
Authors: Gao Yicheng , Liu Zhihan , Cao Rui , Feng Yuting , Tao Liyuan , Su Chengyuan , Guan Xinmiao , Fang Rui , Deng Yingjie , Xiang Wenyuan , Fei Yutong 
Published: April 2024

ObjectivesClinical practice guideline (CPG) developers conduct systematic summaries of research evidence, providing them great capacity and ability to identify research priorities. We systematically analysed the reporting form and content of research priorities in CPGs related to knee osteoarthritis (KOA) to provide a valuable reference for guideline developers and clinicians.DesignA methodological literature analysis was done and the characteristics of the reporting form and the content of the research priorities identified in KOA CPGs were summarised.Data sourcesSix databases (PubMed, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals, Wanfang and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database) were searched for CPGs published from 1 January 2017 to 4 December 2022. The official websites of 40 authoritative orthopaedic societies, rheumatology societies and guideline development organisations were additionally searched.Eligibility criteriaWe included all KOA CPGs published in English or Chinese from 1 January 2017 that included at least one recommendation for KOA. We excluded duplicate publications, older versions of CPGs as well as guidance documents for guideline development.Data extraction and synthesisReviewers worked in pairs and independently screened and extracted the data. Descriptive statistics were used, and absolute frequencies and proportions of related items were calculated.Results187 research priorities reported in 41 KOA CPGs were identified. 24 CPGs reported research priorities, of which 17 (41.5%) presented overall research priorities for the entire guideline rather than for specific recommendations. 110 (58.8%) research priorities were put forward due to lack of evidence. Meanwhile, more than 70% of the research priorities reflected the P (population) and I (intervention) structural elements, with 135 (72.2%) and 146 (78.1%), respectively. More than half of the research priorities (118, 63.8%) revolved around evaluating the efficacy of interventions. Research priorities primarily focused on physical activity (32, 17.3%), physical therapy (30, 16.2%), surgical therapy (27, 14.6%) and pharmacological treatment (26, 14.1%).ConclusionsResearch priorities reported in KOA CPGs mainly focused on evaluating non-pharmacological interventions. There exists considerable room for improvement for a comprehensive and standardised generation and reporting of research priorities in KOA CPGs.
Association of antibiotic duration and all-cause mortality in a prospective study of patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia in a tertiary-level critical care unit in Southern India
Authors: Stanley Nivin Daniel , Jeevan Jonathan Arul , Yadav Bijesh , Gunasekaran Karthik , Pichamuthu Kishore , Chandiraseharan Vignesh Kumar , Sathyendra Sowmya , Hansdak Samuel George , Iyyadurai Ramya 
Published: April 2024

ObjectivesTo estimate all-cause mortality in ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and determine whether antibiotic duration beyond 8 days is associated with reduction in all-cause mortality in patients admitted with VAP in the intensive care unit.DesignA prospective cohort study of patients diagnosed with VAP based on the National Healthcare Safety Network definition and clinical criteria.SettingSingle tertiary care hospital in Southern India.Participants100 consecutive adult patients diagnosed with VAP were followed up for 28 days postdiagnosis or until discharge.Outcome measuresThe incidence of mortality at 28 days postdiagnosis was measured. Tests for association and predictors of mortality were determined using χ2test and multivariate Cox regression analysis. Secondary outcomes included baseline clinical parameters such as age, underlying comorbidities as well as measuring total length of stay, number of ventilator-free days and antibiotic-free days.ResultsThe overall case fatality rate due to VAP was 46%. There was no statistically significant difference in mortality rates between those receiving shorter antibiotic duration (5–8 days) and those on longer therapy. Among those who survived until day 9, the observed risk difference was 15.1% between both groups, with an HR of 1.057 (95% CI 0.26 to 4.28). In 70.4% of isolates, non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli were identified, of which the most common pathogen isolated wasAcinetobacter baumannii(62%).ConclusionIn this hospital-based cohort study, there is insufficient evidence to suggest that prolonging antibiotic duration beyond 8 days in patients with VAP improves survival.
Qualitative study on the core competencies of nursing personnel in emergency medical rescue teams at comprehensive hospitals in Chongqing, China
Authors: Deng Jing , Kou Xun , Ma Huijuan , Niu Aifang , Luo Yu 
Published: April 2024

ObjectiveAs an integral part of emergency medical rescue teams during public health events, understanding the core competencies that nursing personnel should possess—including theoretical knowledge, practical skills, comprehensive abilities and personal traits—can provide a practical basis for better preparation and targeted training for future emergency rescue works. Thus, this study aims to provide a scientific and applicable reference for perfecting the routine training strategy of nursing personnel assembled by emergency medical rescue teams and improving the overall guarantee ability level of this group.DesignThis is a qualitative study conducted using individual semi-structured interviews. All interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim for the purpose of thematic analysis and extraction.SettingParticipants were recruited from February to March 2023, from four comprehensive hospitals in Chongqing China with the highest number of emergency relief works.ParticipantsA sample of experts (N=15) with extensive experience in emergency relief works was recruited in Chongqing, China.Results60% of the experts held master’s degrees or higher, 73.3% held senior or higher titles, 36.7% had participated in work execution more than five times and 73.3% held leadership positions in their current units and in the execution of emergency relief works. Four main themes and 22 corresponding subthemes were derived for the core competencies required for nursing personnel selected for emergency medical rescue teams in public health events, including theoretical knowledge, practical skills, comprehensive abilities and personal traits.ConclusionsOur study revealed that through interviews with 15 experts with extensive experience in the public health event, the essential elements of core competencies for nursing personnel assigned to emergency medical rescue teams during the public health event were identified. These can serve as a reference standard for the selection of nursing personnel in public health events, and provide a basis for the cultivation and evaluation of competency for nursing personnel assigned to emergency medical rescue teams in the public health event in China and globally.
Community perceptions, beliefs and factors determining family planning uptake among men and women in Ekiti State, Nigeria: finding from a descriptive exploratory study
Authors: Ibikunle Oluwafunmilayo Oluwadamilola , Ipinnimo Tope Michael , Bakare Caroline Ajoke , Ibirongbe Demilade Olusola , Akinwumi Adebowale Femi , Ibikunle Austine Idowu , Ajidagba Emman Babatunde , Olowoselu Oluwafemi Oreoluwa , Abioye Opeyemi Oladipupo , Alabi Ayodele Kamal , Seluwa Gilbert Ayodele , Alabi Olasunkanmi Omotolani , Filani Oyebanji , Adelekan Babatunde 
Published: April 2024

ObjectivesTo examine family planning through the community’s perception, belief system and cultural impact; in addition to identifying the determining factors for family planning uptake.DesignA descriptive exploratory study.SettingThree communities were selected from three local government areas, each in the three senatorial districts in Ekiti State.ParticipantsThe study was conducted among young unmarried women in the reproductive age group who were sexually active as well as married men and women in the reproductive age group who are currently living with their partners and were sexually active.Main outcome measuresEight focus group discussions were conducted in the community in 2019 with 28 male and 50 female participants. The audio recordings were transcribed, triangulated with notes and analysed using QSR NVivo V.8 software. Community perception, beliefs and perceptions of the utility of family planning, as well as cultural, religious and other factors determining family planning uptake were analysed.ResultsThe majority of the participants had the perception that family planning helps married couple only. There were diverse beliefs about family planning and mixed reactions with respect to the impact of culture and religion on family planning uptake. Furthermore, a number of factors were identified in determining family planning uptake—intrapersonal, interpersonal and health system factors.ConclusionThe study concluded that there are varied reactions to family planning uptake due to varied perception, cultural and religious beliefs and determining factors. It was recommended that more targeted male partner engagement in campaign would boost family planning uptake.