bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transient binocular vision loss and pain insensitivity in Klippel–Feil syndrome: a case report
Authors: Ullah Zeeshan , Zafar Ayesha , Ishaq Hira , Umar Zainab , Khan Amir , Badar Yaseen , Din Nizamud , Khan Muhammad Fawad , McCombe Pamela , Khan Nemat 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Klippel–Feil syndrome is a rare congenital bone disorder characterized by an abnormal fusion of two or more cervical spine vertebrae. Individuals with Klippel–Feil syndrome exhibit diverse clinical manifestations, including skeletal irregularities, visual and hearing impairments, orofacial anomalies, and anomalies in various internal organs, such as the heart, kidneys, genitourinary system, and nervous system.

Case presentation
This case report describes a 12-year-old Pashtun female patient who presented with acute bilateral visual loss. The patient had Klippel–Feil syndrome, with the typical clinical triad symptoms of Klippel–Feil syndrome, along with Sprengel’s deformity. She also exhibited generalized hypoalgesia, which had previously resulted in widespread burn-related injuries. Upon examination, bilateral optic disc swelling was observed, but intracranial pressure was found to be normal. Extensive investigations yielded normal results, except for hypocalcemia and low vitamin D levels, while parathyroid function remained within the normal range. Visual acuity improved following 2 months of calcium and vitamin D supplementation, suggesting that the visual loss and optic nerve swelling were attributed to hypocalcemia. Given the normal parathyroid function, it is possible that hypocalcemia resulted from low vitamin D levels, which can occur after severe burn scarring. Furthermore, the patient received a provisional diagnosis of congenital insensitivity to pain on the basis of the detailed medical history and the findings of severe and widespread loss of the ability to perceive painful stimuli, as well as impaired temperature sensation. However, due to limitations in genetic testing, confirmation of the congenital insensitivity to pain diagnosis could not be obtained.

Conclusion
This case highlights a rare presentation of transient binocular vision loss and pain insensitivity in a patient with Klippel–Feil syndrome, emphasizing the importance of considering unusual associations in symptom interpretation.
Automated surveillance of non-ventilator-associated hospital-acquired pneumonia (nvHAP): a systematic literature review
Authors: Wolfensberger Aline , Scherrer Alexandra U. , Sax Hugo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) and its specific subset, non-ventilator hospital-acquired pneumonia (nvHAP) are significant contributors to patient morbidity and mortality. Automated surveillance systems for these healthcare-associated infections have emerged as a potentially beneficial replacement for manual surveillance. This systematic review aims to synthesise the existing literature on the characteristics and performance of automated nvHAP and HAP surveillance systems.

Methods
We conducted a systematic search of publications describing automated surveillance of nvHAP and HAP. Our inclusion criteria covered articles that described fully and semi-automated systems without limitations on patient demographics or healthcare settings. We detailed the algorithms in each study and reported the performance characteristics of automated systems that were validated against specific reference methods. Two published metrics were employed to assess the quality of the included studies.

Results
Our review identified 12 eligible studies that collectively describe 24 distinct candidate definitions, 23 for fully automated systems and one for a semi-automated system. These systems were employed exclusively in high-income countries and the majority were published after 2018. The algorithms commonly included radiology, leukocyte counts, temperature, antibiotic administration, and microbiology results. Validated surveillance systems' performance varied, with sensitivities for fully automated systems ranging from 40 to 99%, specificities from 58 and 98%, and positive predictive values from 8 to 71%. Validation was often carried out on small, pre-selected patient populations.

Conclusions
Recent years have seen a steep increase in publications on automated surveillance systems for nvHAP and HAP, which increase efficiency and reduce manual workload. However, the performance of fully automated surveillance remains moderate when compared to manual surveillance. The considerable heterogeneity in candidate surveillance definitions and reference standards, as well as validation on small or pre-selected samples, limits the generalisability of the findings. Further research, involving larger and broader patient populations is required to better understand the performance and applicability of automated nvHAP surveillance.
A randomized trial of the Caregiver Interaction Profile (CIP) training with childcare providers: the Copenhagen Daycare Project study protocol
Authors: Reijman Sophie , Christensen Vieira Clara , Wahl Haase Tina , Helmerhorst Katrien O. W. , Pontoppidan Maiken , Grosen Sofie Amalie , Egmose Ida , Røhder Katrine , Skovgaard Vaever Mette 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Most young children (0–3 years) attend formal childcare in Denmark, many of them fulltime. Yet recent reports of the quality of Danish childcare centers have shown that in more than one-third of nurseries, the interactions between caregivers and young children (0–3 years) are of “insufficient” quality, which constitutes a risk for affected children’s well-being and development. Effective interventions to improve childcare providers’ interactive skills are necessary.

Methods
In this randomized controlled trial, we test the effectiveness of the Caregiver Interaction Profile training, which focuses on improving six core interactive skills: sensitive responsiveness, respecting children’s autonomy, structuring and limit setting, verbal communication, developmental stimulation, and fostering positive peer interactions. We will recruit N = 200 childcare providers from nursery groups in Copenhagen (n = 100 training group, n = 100 waiting-list control group). Our primary outcomes are childcare providers’ six interactive skills named above, observed from video-recorded interactions in the nursery groups. The secondary goal of our study is to test whether the training boosts children’s social-emotional and linguistic development. To this end we aim to recruit N ≈ 500 children from participating childcare providers’ nursery groups (n ≈ 250 training group, n ≈ 250 waiting-list control group). We measure social-emotional and linguistic development with various standardized questionnaires, filled out by parents and childcare providers.

Discussion
If the training is effective at improving childcare providers’ interactive skills, then this will be an important foundation for implementation efforts, such as offering the training as part of the educational program of childcare providers. Future research should also evaluate whether the Caregiver Interaction Profile training is effective for childcare providers of older children (3–5 years) in Danish kindergartens.

Trial registration
This trial is registered at clinicaltrials.gov as “Testing the Effects of the Caregiver Interaction Profile Training on the Interactive Skills of Daycare Providers (CDP)” with registry ID NCT05654116. Registration date: 12/01/2022.
Epidemiologic analysis of antimicrobial resistance in hospital departments in China from 2022 to 2023
Authors: Bai Hui-Jun , Geng Qing-Feng , Jin Fang , Yang Yong-Li 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBacterial drug resistance monitoring in hospitals is a crucial aspect of healthcare management and a growing concern worldwide. In this study, we analysed the bacterial drug resistance surveillance in our hospital from 2022 Q1 to 2023 Q2. The main sampling sources were respiratory, blood, and urine-based, and the main clinical infections were respiratory and genitourinary in nature. Specimens were inoculated and cultured; bacterial strains were isolated using a VITEK® 2 Compact 60-card automatic microorganism identifier (bioMerieux, Paris, France) and their matching identification cards were identified, and manual tests were supplemented for strain identification. The most common Gram-positive bacteria detected were Staphylococcus aureus, followed by Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis), Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis), and Staphylococcus haemolyticus (S. haemolyticus). The most common Gram-negative bacteria detected were Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The most prevalent multidrug-resistant bacteria were those producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases, followed by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, followed by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales. This study suggests that the prevention and control of infections in the respiratory and genitourinary systems should be the focus of anti-infective work and that the use of antimicrobials should be reduced and regulated to prevent the emergence and spread of resistant bacteria.
Tyramine, a biogenic agent in cheese: amount and factors affecting its formation, a systematic review
Authors: Sadighara Parisa , Bekheir Saeed Aghebat- , Shafaroodi Hamed , Basaran Burhan , Sadighara Melina 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTyramine is one of the most important biological amines in food, which leads to food poisoning if consumed in high amounts. In addition to food poisoning, tyramine leads to drug interactions. Foods high in tyramine can cause high blood pressure and migraines in people taking monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors. Therefore, people taking MAO inhibitors should avoid foods high in tyramine. Cheese provides ideal conditions for the production of tyramine. Some cheeses contain high amounts of tyramine and lead to unwanted effects in people taking MAO inhibitors. These unwanted effects are called the cheese effect or tyramine interaction. Considering the importance of the subject, a systematic study was designed with the aim of determining the amount of tyramine in cheeses and the effect of effective factors on the amount of tyramine production. The search was done in three databases, including Scopus, PubMed, and Science Direct. The study was conducted in two phases. In the first stage, the amount of tyramine reported in cheeses, the analytical method, measurement, and characteristics of cheese were discussed. In the second phase, the influencing factors in its formation were investigated. Based on the extracted data, tyramine levels ranged from 3.23 to 1398 mg/kg. The most analytical method for measuring tyramine in the studies was the HPLC method. According to a detailed review of the literature, the influencing factors included bacterial species, animal species, the effect of storage conditions (time and temperature), pH, moisture, salt, and the number of somatic cells. Basically, by identifying the factors affecting the amount of tyramine in cheeses, it is possible to control the production of tyramine.
Graphical Abstract
Staatswissenschaftenand the Mathematical Policy Science of Jan Tinbergen
Authors: Dekker Erwin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe rise of mathematical economics is typically understood as a fundamental shift in the language and technique of economic theorizing. This article argues that an examination of Tinbergen's work demonstrates that a similar “mathematical” turn occurred in economic policy. This article contextualizes Tinbergen's professional career at the Dutch Central Bureau of Statistics and his early policy-oriented contributions as exemplified by the applied policy reports that he wrote between 1931 and 1936. His econometric work, including his seminal 1936 model of the Dutch economy and the closely related League of Nations model of the US economy, was rooted in his vision that business cycle research functioned in the service of the state. His work was aimed not at uncovering fundamental or structural relationships in the economy but at practical interventions in the economy by a state that developed control over new instruments of macroeconomic management. As such it can be and has been analyzed as an important contribution to economics as an engineering science. But this article demonstrates that Tinbergen also explicitly depicted the economy from the perspective of the policymaker and that he was attentive to the changing institutional order of the national and international economy. Tinbergen's work in this respect owed a great deal to the more political-economic tradition of German Staatswissenschaften than is typically acknowledged.
Improving Farmers’ Income on Online Agri-Platforms: Evidence from the Field
Authors: Levi Retsef , Rajan Manoj , Singhvi Somya , Zheng Yanchong 
Published: March 2024

Problem definition: To improve the welfare of smallholder farmers, multiple countries (e.g., Ethiopia and India) have launched online agri-platforms to transform traditional markets. However, there is still mixed evidence regarding the impact of these platforms and, more generally, how they can be leveraged to enable more efficient agricultural supply chains and markets. This paper describes work conducted in close collaboration with the state government of Karnataka, India, to design, implement, and assess the impact of a new two-stage auction on the state’s online agri-platform, the United Market Platform (UMP). Methodology/results: To ensure implementability and protect farmers’ revenue, the auction design is guided by practical operational considerations, as well as semistructured interviews with a majority of the traders in the field. A new behavioral auction model informed by the field insights is developed to determine when the proposed two-stage auction can generate a higher revenue for farmers than the traditional single-stage, first-price, sealed-bid auction. The new auction mechanism was implemented on the UMP for a major market of lentils in February 2019. By the end of May 2019, commodities worth more than $6 million (USD) had been traded under the new auction. A difference-in-differences analysis demonstrates that the implementation has yielded a significant 3.6% price increase (corresponding to a 55%–94% profit gain) for over 10,000 farmers who traded in the treatment market. Managerial implications: The results from this paper offer tangible lessons on how innovative price discovery mechanisms could be enabled by online agri-platforms in resource-constrained environments. Importantly, the success of these designs critically depends on careful considerations of systemic operational and behavioral factors that affect trades in the physical markets. History: This paper has been accepted as part of the 2023 Manufacturing & Service Operations Management Practice-Based Research Competition. Funding: Financial support from the Tata Center for Technology and Design at MIT and the National Science Foundation [Grant 1452875] is gratefully acknowledged. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2022.0437 .
Impact of unscheduled nurse-led virtual care for people with diabetes on nursing practices and patient satisfaction
Authors: McCabe Catherine , McCann Margaret , Connolly David , McGrath Jackie , Begley Joanne , Ball Jane C , Harris Elaine 
Published: March 2024

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic and its social restrictions accelerated the expansion of virtual clinical care, and this has been reported to be safe, low cost and flexible. Aim: This study aimed to examine nursing practices and patient satisfaction with unscheduled nurse-led virtual care for people with diabetes. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive survey of clinical nurse specialists and patients was carried out, using an activities log for nursing practices and a satisfaction and enablement survey for callers. Findings: Patients reported high satisfaction levels and greater self-confidence in keeping themselves healthy after receiving virtual care. Most calls (74.8%) from patients were for advice and education. Each call led to an average of 2.5 actions for the clinical nurse specialist. Conclusion: The service is highly valued and is effective, but adds to the nurse workload burden.
Postoperative pain trajectories in total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Omran Kareem , Waren Daniel , Schwarzkopf Ran 
Published: March 2024

AimsTotal hip arthroplasty (THA) is a common procedure to address pain and enhance function in hip disorders such as osteoarthritis. Despite its success, postoperative patient recovery exhibits considerable heterogeneity. This study aimed to investigate whether patients follow distinct pain trajectories following THA and identify the patient characteristics linked to suboptimal trajectories.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study analyzed THA patients at a large academic centre (NYU Langone Orthopedic Hospital, New York, USA) from January 2018 to January 2023, who completed the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) pain intensity questionnaires, collected preoperatively at one-, three-, six-, 12-, and 24-month follow-up times. Growth mixture modelling (GMM) was used to model the trajectories. Optimal model fit was determined by Bayesian information criterion (BIC), Vuong-Lo-Mendell-Rubin likelihood ratio test (VLMR-LRT), posterior probabilities, and entropy values. Association between trajectory groups and patient characteristics were measured by multinomial logistic regression using the three-step approach.ResultsAmong the 1,249 patients, a piecewise GMM model revealed three distinct pain trajectory groups: 56 patients (4.5%) in group 1; 1,144 patients (91.6%) in group 2; and 49 patients (3.9%) in group 3. Patients in group 2 experienced swift recovery post-THA and minimal preoperative pain. In contrast, groups 1 and 3 initiated with pronounced preoperative pain; however, only group 3 exhibited persistent long-term pain. Multinomial regression indicated African Americans were exceedingly likely to follow trajectory groups 1 (odds ratio (OR) 2.73) and 3 (OR 3.18). Additionally, odds of membership to group 3 increased by 12% for each BMI unit rise, by 19% for each added postoperative day, and by over four if discharged to rehabilitation services (OR 4.07).ConclusionThis study identified three distinct pain trajectories following THA, highlighting the role of individual patient factors in postoperative recovery. This emphasizes the importance of preoperatively addressing modifiable risk factors associated with suboptimal pain trajectories, particularly in at-risk patients.Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2024;5(3):174–183.
Use of jejunal serosal patch and pyloric exclusion in the management of complex duodenal injury
Authors: Alsaadi D , Low D , Osman A , Mcmonagle M 
Published: March 2024

Background Duodenal injuries are relatively rare but remain a management challenge with a high incidence of postoperative complications. Guidelines from the World Society of Emergency Surgery and American Association for the Surgery of Trauma favour a primary repair for less-complex injuries, but the management of more complex duodenal trauma remains controversial with varying techniques supported, including pyloric exclusion, omental or jejunal patch closure, gastrojejunostomy and pancreatoduodenectomy. We describe the techniques used in one case of complex duodenal trauma. Technique The duodenum is approached via a standard laparotomy with Kocherisation. Primary repair of the duodenal perforations is performed using a 3/0 polydioxanone suture (PDS), followed by mobilisation of a loop of mid-jejunum against the area of duodenal trauma over the primary repair as a jejunal serosal patch. The antimesenteric jejunal serosal border is sutured to the serosa of the duodenum (serosa only) using a 3/0 PDS. Pyloric exclusion is then performed through an anterior gastrostomy, to control the volume of gastric juice entering the duodenum. The pylorus is sutured closed using an absorbable suture followed by closure of the anterior gastrostomy using a GIA stapling device.
Consonant mutation in Nzema and Esahie
Authors: Amoh Samuel , Nyame John , Nyarko Isaac , Eshun Baruch 
Published: March 2024

This study examines consonant mutation particularly in Esahie[1] and Nzema. The reason for the study arises from the mutuality in the two languages. Again, previous studies have superficially treated this subject in the separate languages. However, the subject of consonant mutation is common in the above languages, yet the prevailing characteristics of the phenomenon are similar and dissimilar in the languages. Thus, this study compares and contrast consonant mutation in the two related languages to establish a correlation. In this vein, it discusses the mutational pattern, directionalities and voicing. Data for this study are assembled from four native speakers of each of the languages and literature of the respective languages. The data are analysed within the purview of Distinctive Feature Theory. The study identifies evidence to the relational effect that, the phonological environments in which the various realizations of mutation occurs also results in a harmony system. However, they differ in their mutational domains. The featural agreement normally forges between the vowel-consonant. Again, it is observed in Nzema and Esahie that, the common feature responsible for mutation in the alternant pairs, [k/x] and [k/g] is [dorsal]; [d/l] and [d/n] is [coronal]; [ʨ/ɕ] is [+strident] and [b/m] is [labial]. In both languages, harmonic assimilation is bidirectional.
[1] Esahie is also known as Sefwi, Sehwi, or Asahyue. In Ghana, the language is classified as part of the linguistic Akan group of the larger Akan dialects, even though it shares very close intelligibility with Nzema (a solely ethnographic Akan) than Twi and Mfantse (which are both linguistic and ethnographic Akan). Therefore, in this paper, we shall refer to both variants as separate languages.
Survival trends among people living with human immunodeficiency virus on antiretroviral treatment in two rural districts in Ghana
Authors: Sackeya Eugene , Beru Martin Muonibe , Angmortey Richard Nomo , Opoku Douglas Aninng , Boakye Kingsley , Baatira Musah , Yakubu Mohammed Sheriff , Mohammed Aliyu , Ayisi-Boateng Nana Kwame , Boateng Daniel , Nakua Emmanuel Kweku , Edusei Anthony Kweku 
Published: March 2024

Background
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has caused a lot of havoc since the early 1970s, affecting 37.6 million people worldwide. The 90-90-90 treatment policy was adopted in Ghana in 2015 with the overall aim to end new infections by 2030, and to improve the life expectancy of HIV seropositive individuals. With the scale-up of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy, the lifespan of People Living with HIV (PLWH) on antiretrovirals (ARVs) is expected to improve. In rural districts in Ghana, little is known about the survival probabilities of PLWH on ARVs. Hence, this study was conducted to estimate the survival trends of PLWH on ARVs.

Methods
A retrospective evaluation of data gathered across ARV centres within Tatale and Zabzugu districts in Ghana from 2016 to 2020 among PLWH on ARVs. A total of 261 participants were recruited for the study. The data was analyzed using STATA software version 16.0. Lifetable analysis and Kaplan-Meier graph were used to assess the survival probabilities. “Stptime” per 1000 person-years and the competing risk regression were used to evaluate mortality rates and risk.

Results
The cumulative survival probability was 0.8847 (95% CI: 0.8334–0.9209). The overall mortality rate was 51.89 (95% CI: 36.89–72.97) per 1000 person-years. WHO stage III and IV [AHR: 4.25 (95%CI: 1.6–9.71) p = 0.001] as well as age group (50+ years) [AHR: 5.02 (95% CI: 1.78–14.13) p = 0.002] were associated with mortality.

Conclusion
Survival probabilities were high among the population of PLWH in Tatale and Zabzugu with declining mortality rates. Clinicians should provide critical attention and care to patients at HIV WHO stages III and IV and intensify HIV screening at all entry points since early diagnosis is associated with high survival probabilities.