bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ursula Bredel u. a. (Hg.). Didaktik der deutschen Sprache. Paderborn: 2003 / Didactics of the German language
Authors: Weingarten Rüdiger 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Die Herausgeber haben in zwei Bänden und auf über tausend Seiten ein Werk vorgelegt, das beansprucht ein „Standardwerk“ zu sein, „das die Sprachdidaktik des Deutschen erschöpfend behandelt“ (aus dem Klappentext). Das Buch repräsentiert nach Aussage der Herausgeber den Stand der Jahre 2001 / 2002 (S. 12). Der Zeitpunkt des Erscheinens ist ohne Zweifel gut gewählt: Sprachliche Kompetenzen sind durch die PISA-Studie, die verschiedenen Lernstandserhebungen und die dabei festgestellten Defizite wieder in den Mittelpunkt der öffentlichen Aufmerksamkeit gerückt. Einerseits ist deutlich geworden, dass es hier um eine der wichtigsten Ressource in der modernen Wissensgesellschaft geht und zum anderen musste leider festgestellt werden, dass sie unter den derzeitigen Gegebenheiten in Deutschland nicht hinreichend ausgebildet werden. Für die Sprachdidaktik besteht damit die Chance, ihre Problemlösungskompetenz unter Beweis zu stellen und auch ein wenig aus ihrem Schattendasein herauszutreten. Günstig ist der Zeitpunkt auch hinsichtlich der institutionellen Entwicklung der Sprachdidaktik. Nachdem die Integration der Pädagogischen Hochschulen in die Universitäten nun in den meisten Bundesländern ein Vierteljahrhundert zurückliegt, ist auch der Generationenwechsel unter den Hochschullehrern weitgehend vollzogen. Damit hat die Sprachdidaktik nach nicht immer ganz leichten Jahren die Möglichkeit, sich als „normale“ wissenschaftliche Disziplin zu präsentieren. Einschränkend muss hier allerdings auch gesagt werden, dass sie trotz ihrer bildungspolitischen Bedeutung in den wissenschaftlichen Institutionen noch nicht den Platz erhalten hat, der ihr eigentlich zukommen müsste. So gibt es keine zentrale Forschungseinrichtung, wie etwa ein Max-Planck-Institut, auch ihre Platzierung in den Ressorts der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft ist keineswegs günstig. Dies gibt einen ersten Hinweis auf die weiterhin prekäre wissenschaftliche Situation der Sprachdidaktik. Ein günstiger Umstand für das Erscheinen des Handbuchs ergibt sich auch aus dem Stand der Vorgängerwerke. Neben älteren oder nur teilweise aktualisierten Handbüchern (z. B. Weisgerber 1983, Baurmann & Hoppe 1984, Lange et al. 2003) gibt es zwar eine große Zahl von neueren Einführungsbüchern, aber kein „Handbuch“, das in Art und Umfang vergleichbar wäre.
„Arbeitskreis linguistische Pragmatik“ Bericht vom 9. Arbeitstreffen an der Universität zu Köln am 22. Februar 2005 / “Working group: linguistic pragmatics”. Report from the 9th workshop at Cologne University on 22 February 2005
Authors: Felder Ekkehard , Schröter Melani 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Das Treffen des Arbeitskreises wurde in diesem Jahr von Matthias Ballod und Michael Becker-Mrotzek organisiert und fand auf Grund der zahlreichen Beiträge in zwei zeitgleich veranstalteten Sektionen statt. In Sektion I wurden Vorträge gebündelt, die sich überwiegend mit Unternehmenskommunikation, Wissenstransfer und Neuen Medien beschäftigten, während Sektion II den Schwerpunkt auf Theorien des Sprachhandelns und der Sprachverwendung, Bedeutungskonstitution und verschiedene Mediendiskurse legte.
Gesprächsforschung im Internet / Discourse research on the Internet
Authors: Cölfen Hermann 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Für die Erforschung der gesprochenen Sprache und die Vermittlung der bisher gewonnenen Forschungsergebnisse in unterschiedlichen Zusammenhängen (z. B. Universität, Schule, Beruf) bietet das World Wide Web zugleich Publikationsorte, Foren und Ressourcen. Die zurzeit zugänglichen Quellen, Informationen und Materialien können nach fünf Schwerpunkten differenziert werden:
1. Webbasierte Einführungen zur Gesprächsforschung
2. Online-Publikationen zur Gesprächsforschung
3. Datenbanken / Gesprächsmaterialien
4. Fachkommunikation und Informationen: Arbeitskreise, Gesellschaften, Tagungen, Termine und Mailinglisten
5. Online verfügbare Software für die Transkription
Measure Twice, Estimate Once: Pacific Salmon Population Viability Analysis for Highly Variable Populations
Authors: Paulsen Charles M. , Hinrichsen Richard A. , Fisher Timothy R. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractBecause many stocks of Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus spp. are listed under the U.S. Endangered Species Act (ESA), research has focused on predicting the future population dynamics for these low‐abundance stocks. One method used to make predictions is known as population viability analysis. Pacific salmon populations exhibit much higher apparent variability than other ESA‐listed vertebrates, and high variability increases the probability of extinction. If the high variability is primarily due to counting methods, it could be reduced in model predictions by using methods that correct for measurement error, sampling error, or both. Using data from British Columbia pink salmon O. gorbuscha and Snake River spring‐ or summer‐run Chinook salmon O. tshawytscha and several modeling approaches (Ricker, Dennis, and state‐space models), we compared repeated counts of the same population (e.g., spawner and fry, dam and redd counts). We applied the methods to the first half of the time series and compared the predictions with the last half of the time series. The results demonstrated that having counts of all life stages of a Pacific salmon population is no guarantee that variability will be markedly reduced. Measurement error is not the primary cause of high variability in empirical estimates of abundance or in predicted future abundance for the stocks analyzed. The very wide bounds on predicted abundance limit the utility of the model predictions for making management decisions. Furthermore, obtaining more accurate or complete measurements of population abundance is unlikely to reduce the wide error bounds in predictions of future abundances.
Otolith Microchemistry Provides Information Complementary to Microsatellite DNA for a Migratory Fish
Authors: Feyrer Frederick , Hobbs James , Baerwald Melinda , Sommer Ted , Yin Qing‐zhu , Clark Kevin , May Bernie , Bennett William 
Published: March 2007

AbstractWe investigated the ability of otolith microchemistry to discriminate natal habitats of the splittail Pogonichthys macrolepidotus, a migratory cyprinid endemic to the San Francisco Estuary, California. Splittails are broadly distributed in the brackish and freshwater portions of the lower estuary and make long‐distance upstream migrations during winter to rivers and floodplains for spawning. We found that the ratios of Sr: Ca and 87Sr: 86Sr in the otoliths (ascertained by laser ablation inductively coupled mass spectrometry) of age‐0 fish collected from natal habitats significantly varied among four primary spawning rivers. Based on these two constituents, quadratic discriminant function analysis correctly classified 71% of the fish to their natal rivers. Recent work with microsatellite DNA indicates that splittails from these same rivers represent two genetically distinct populations. Thus, integrating data obtained from otolith microchemistry and microsatellite DNA can provide complementary information on the natal origin and genetic structure of splittails at any life stage. This information will be valuable for studies of the population dynamics of mixed‐stock samples collected from the estuary.
Effects of Increased Suspended Sediment on the Reproductive Success of an Upland Crevice‐Spawning Minnow
Authors: Sutherland Andrew B. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractLittle is known about the effects of increased suspended sediment on the reproductive behavior and spawning success of fishes, especially North American nongame fishes. I investigated the effects of increased suspended sediment concentration (SSC; 0, 25, 50, 100, and 500 mg/L) on the spawning success of the crevice‐spawning whitetail shiner Cyprinella galactura. Spawning success was measured during two week‐long experiments in terms of spawning effort (the number of replicate tanks in which spawning occurred) and spawning output (number and developmental stages of propagules). Spawning effort decreased from seven of eight control tanks to four of eight tanks at 500 mg/L. The total mean number of propagules at 500 mg/L was 10–14% of the output in the lower SSC treatments. The fact that significantly more eggs than larvae were observed with increasing SSC suggests that spawning was delayed in tanks with higher SSC. A comparison of propagule developmental stage with sediment settling curves allowed an estimation of mean SSC when propagules were spawned. The number of propagules spawned was inversely and significantly related to mean SSC during spawning. Whitetail shiner spawning success was moderately affected by the SSCs used in this study. Comparison of these results with those of a similar study involving the tricolor shiner C. trichroistia suggests that whitetail shiners are slightly more tolerant of excessive sedimentation but show reduced spawning success at SSCs commonly observed in southern Appalachian Upland rivers.
Dynamics of Piscivory by Lake Trout following a Smallmouth Bass Invasion: A Historical Reconstruction
Authors: Morbey Yolanda E. , Vascotto Kris , Shuter Brian J. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractOur objective was to assess the dynamics of piscivory by lake trout Salvelinus namaycush in Lake Opeongo, Ontario, following the introduction of smallmouth bass Micropterus dolomieu early in the 1900s. The effects of this introduction on lake trout were thought to be of slight significance at the time, but they may have been obscured by the introduction of cisco Coregonus artedi in 1948. Our analyses of lake trout stomach contents and stable isotopes of archived scales indicated that several dietary changes occurred in advance of the cisco introduction. These changes included the consumption of fewer yellow perch Perca flavescens, fewer but larger lake whitefish C. clupeaformis, and larger lake whitefish for a given lake trout size. Stable isotope analyses were consistent with a decline in the importance of littoral prey for young lake trout before the introduction of cisco. We hypothesize that the indirect effects of smallmouth bass on the pelagic fish community explain these patterns.
Assessing Potential Effects of Entrainment and Impingement on Fish Stocks of the New York–New Jersey Harbor Estuary and Long Island Sound
Authors: Heimbuch Douglas G. , Dunning Dennis J. , Ross Quentin E. , Blumberg Alan F. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractWe assessed the potential effects of entrainment and impingement at the Charles Poletti Power Project (hereafter, Poletti) on fish stocks of the New York–New Jersey (NY–NJ) Harbor Estuary and Long Island Sound by (1) estimating, for five fish stocks, the conditional mortality rate (CMR) for entrainment of eggs, larvae, and young‐of‐the‐year (age‐0) fish and the CMR for impingement of age‐0 fish, and (2) for two of those stocks, using the CMR estimates to calculate the proportional reduction in biomass of spawners from an unfished stock under equilibrium conditions. Estimates of entrainment CMR for eggs and larvae were low and ranged from 0.02% for tautogs Tautoga onitis to 0.11% for Atlantic menhaden Brevoortia tyrannus, based on the spatial and temporal distribution of those life stages in the NY–NJ Harbor Estuary and Long Island Sound study area and the probabilities of entrainment generated by a particle tracking model, coupled with a three‐dimensional estuarine circulation model that simulated the transport of ichthyoplankton. Estimates of entrainment CMR for age‐0 fish were low and ranged from 0.00% for tautogs and winter flounder Pseudopleuronectes americanus (none were collected in entrainment samples) to 0.11% for cunners Tautogolabrus adspersus, based on age‐0 numbers entrained and standing crop estimates. Impingement CMRs ranged from 0.00% for windowpanes Scophthalmus aquosus (none were impinged) to 0.80% for tautogs. The proportional reduction in the biomass of spawners from an unfished stock would increase only 0.09% for winter flounder and 0.01% for Atlantic menhaden as a result of entrainment and impingement at Poletti. These effects are extremely small relative to the effects of fishing mortality.
Approximate Sample Sizes Required to Estimate Length Distributions
Authors: Miranda L. E. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe sample sizes required to estimate fish length were determined by bootstrapping from reference length distributions. Depending on population characteristics and species‐specific maximum lengths, 1‐cm length‐frequency histograms required 375–1,200 fish to estimate within 10% with 80% confidence, 2.5‐cm histograms required 150–425 fish, proportional stock density required 75–140 fish, and mean length required 75–160 fish. In general, smaller species, smaller populations, populations with higher mortality, and simpler length statistics required fewer samples. Indices that require low sample sizes may be suitable for monitoring population status, and when large changes in length are evident, additional sampling effort may be allocated to more precisely define length status with more informative estimators.
An Effective Fluid Formulation to Remove Drilling-Fluid MudCake in Horizontal and Multilateral Wells
Authors: Nasr-El-Din H. A. , Al-Otaibi M. B. , Al-Qahtani A. A. , Samuel M. 
Published: March 2007

Summary
Cleanup of drilling-fluid filter cake in long horizontal and multilateral wells is a difficult task. Both mechanical (water jetting) and chemical means (acids, oxidizers, chelating agents, and enzymes) have been used in the field. However, these methods have limitations which can adversely affect well performance. Water jetting may adversely impact well productivity through sanding and water blockage. Acids and oxidizers are very reactive but nonspecific species. Enzymes can be used to degrade starch and xanthan polymers. However, they are not effective in heterogeneous formations with high-permeability streaks which will require large volumes of treatment fluids.
This paper examines the use of a combination of enzymes and a new class of viscoelastic surfactants. In this system, enzymes are used to degrade starch, whereas the viscoelastic surfactant is used to increase the viscosity and solids-carrying capacity of the treatment fluids.
Extensive lab studies were conducted to examine the compatibility of viscoelastic surfactants with enzymes. The apparent viscosity of the enzyme/viscoelastic surfactant solutions was measured as a function of shear rate (57 to 1,740 s−1) and temperature (25 to 100°C). Surface tension was measured at various temperatures up to 140°C. Static fluid-loss tests were performed in a high-pressure/high-temperature (HP/HT) cell to assess the effectiveness of the combined system in cleaning filter cakes formed by water-based drilling mud.
Experimental results indicated that the viscoelastic surfactant is compatible with the enzyme system. The low shear viscosity of the combined system is high enough to lift suspended solids during well flowback following the treatment. The addition of the viscoelastic surfactant to the enzyme solutions significantly reduced the surface tension of the enzyme solutions, which will shorten the time required to lift treatment fluids from the formation. The efficiency of the enzymes in degrading starch did not change significantly because of the presence of the viscoelastic surfactant.
Cement Mechanical-Property Measurements Under Wellbore Conditions
Authors: Reddy B. R. , Santra Ashok , McMechan David , Gray Dennis , Brenneis Chad , Dunn Rick 
Published: March 2007

Summary
Cement integrity preservation during completion, stimulation, production, and even well abandonment is of critical importance for an operator from long-term economic, productivity, and safety perspectives. Traditionally, compressive strengths have been considered indicators of cement integrity. However, numerous squeeze cementing jobs regularly performed on completed wells are testament to the poor correlation between compressive strengths and cement integrity. Additional mechanical properties such as tensile and flexural strengths, elastic modulus, and Poisson's ratio are being taken into account with increasing frequency for maximizing the cement sheath performance during the life of the well. Unfortunately, all such measurements are performed on samples that have been cured, either under wellbore conditions (for example, pressure and temperature) or laboratory conditions (for example, atmospheric pressure), but tested at atmospheric pressure and temperature. Such properties may at best be useful for comparing different formulations in the selection process, but do not provide information about cement properties under downhole conditions.
Using a combination of ultrasonic shear wave and compression wave measurements, dynamic mechanical properties such as elastic modulus, bulk modulus, Poisson's ratio, and compressive strength are measured under pressure and temperature. These measurements are compared with mechanical properties obtained from load vs. displacement tests under static conditions and acoustic compression and shear wave measurements at atmospheric pressure and temperature. Correlations are calculated for several slurries, and the results are presented. These results include cases where the measurements made using this method demonstrated unique advantages over the conventional load vs. displacement techniques.
GIS as an information technology framework for water modeling
Authors: Cesur Durmus 
Published: March 2007

The sustainable and equitable management of water requires integrated analysis which includes the integration of a multitude of modeling systems at the core. The linkage of the modeling systems and components is the main bottleneck to achieve the integrated modeling solutions that maintain the integrity of the entire environmental system for comprehensive analysis, planning and management. In this paper, the use of a Geographic Information System (GIS), as an integration framework for the water modeling systems, together with object-oriented data modeling and programming schemes is explained. Integration of the modeling systems on a GIS platform, through a surface-water-specific GIS data model, Arc Hydro, and interface data models as data repositories for common water features, hydrologic and hydraulic modeling elements, is presented with a case study. Arc Hydro served as an integration data model for the simulation models of concern. Time series data transfer between modeling system at the information exchange points is facilitated using object-oriented linkage programs, and relationships among the modeling elements are established through Arc Hydro.
In the case study, the HEC-HMS hydrologic model and the HEC-RAS hydraulic model are integrated into an automated floodplain mapping application on a GIS. The implementation of the integration methodology is presented.
Dietary patterns of cats with cardiac disease
Authors: Torin Danielle S. , Freeman Lisa M. , Rush John E. 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Objective—To determine nutrient intake and dietary patterns in cats with cardiac disease.
Design—Prospective study.
Animals—95 cats with congenital cardiac disease or primary cardiomyopathy.
Procedures—Owners completed a standardized telephone questionnaire regarding their cat's diet and a 24-hour food recall to determine daily intake of calories, fat, protein, sodium, magnesium, and potassium.
Results—Of the 95 cats, 18 (19%) had a history of congestive heart failure and 73 (77%) had no clinical signs of cardiac disease. Fifty-five percent (52/95) of cats had concurrent disease. Inappetance was reported in 38% (36/95) of all cats and in 72% (68/95) of cats with a history of congestive heart failure. Most (57% [54/95]) cats received treats or table scraps on a regular basis. Approximately half the cats were receiving orally administered medications, supplements, or both. Only 34% (32/68) of owners used food to administer medications to cats. Cats consumed more than the Association of American Feed Control Officials (AAFCO) minimums for protein, sodium, potassium, and magnesium, and nearly all cats consumed more than the AAFCO minimum for fat. Daily nutrient intake was variable for all of the nutrients assessed.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Dietary intake in cats with cardiac disease was variable, but results for dietary supplement use, food use for medication administration, and treat feeding were different from those found in a similar study of dogs with cardiac disease. This information may be useful for treating and designing nutritional studies for cats with cardiac disease.
Endosurgical treatment of a retrobulbar abscess in a rabbit
Authors: Martínez-Jiménez David , Hernández-Divers Stephen J. , Dietrich Ursula M. , Williams Clara O. , Blasier Megan W. , Wilson Heather , Frank Paul M. 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Case Description—A 1-year-old sexually intact female Netherland dwarf rabbit was examined because of a 3-week history of signs of lethargy, decreased appetite, left unilateral exophthalmia, a previous draining sinus from a left maxillary facial abscess, and bilateral nasal discharge.
Clinical Findings—The rabbit weighed 1.0 kg (2.2 lb) and had a body condition score of 1.5/5. Physical examination revealed generalized muscle atrophy, bilateral mucopurulent nasal discharge, and severe left-sided exophthalmia. Diagnostic investigation revealed anemia, neutrophilia, severe dental disease, a superficial corneal ulcer of the left eye, and a retrobulbar abscess.
Treatment and Outcome—Stomatoscopy-aided dental trimming, tooth removal, and abscess debridement were performed. Antimicrobials were flushed into the tooth abscess cavity, and antimicrobial treatment was initiated on the basis of cytologic findings and results of bacterial culture and susceptibility testing.Two months after the initial surgery, minimal exophthalmia was evident and no further physical, radiographic, or ultrasonographic changes were evident.
Clinical Relevance—Stomatoscopy is a valuable technique that can facilitate diagnosis, treatment, and serial reevaluation of rabbits with dental disease.