bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative evaluation of neonicotinoids and their metabolites-induced oxidative stress in carp primary leukocytes and CLC cells
Authors: Rymuszka Anna , Sieroslawska Anna 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNeonicotinoids (NEOs) have been designed to act selectively on insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). However, nAChRs are also expressed in vertebrate immune cells, so NEOs may interfere with the immune system in exposed non-target animals. The present study shows that NEOs: imidacloprid and thiacloprid, and their main metabolites: desnitro-imidacloprid and thiacloprid amide, at sub-micromolar concentrations ranging from 2.25 to 20 μM, affect the immune cells of fish. This was found both in primary cultures of leukocytes isolated from the carp head kidney and in the continuous adherent carp monocyte/macrophage cell line. Moreover, the results revealed that the studied pesticides and metabolites generate oxidative stress in carp immune cells and that this is one of the most important mechanisms of neonicotinoid immunotoxicity. Significant increases were observed in the formation of ROS and malondialdehyde (MDA). The antioxidant status alteration was linked with decrease in antioxidant enzyme activity: superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and non-enzymatic antioxidant glutathione (GSH). Importantly, the metabolites: desnitro-imidacloprid and thiacloprid amide showed significantly higher cytotoxicity towards fish leukocytes than their parent compounds, imidacloprid and thiacloprid, which emphasizes the importance of including intermediate metabolites in toxicology studies.
Ergonomic Evaluation of Speed Boat Passenger Seats in Derawan Island Using Anthropometric Data
Authors: Pratiwi Amelia Chandra 
Published: April 2024

This research aims to evaluate the ergonomics of passenger seating in speed boats used as a means of transportation in the Derawan Islands, Berau Regency, East Kalimantan. This evaluation was carried out by considering anthropometric data from the Indonesian people. Anthropometric data is used to design seats that suit the size and needs of passengers to increase passenger safety and comfort during travel. The research method involved collecting anthropometric data from Indonesian people of various ages and genders. This data is used as a basis for designing seating that suits variations in human body size. Ergonomic evaluation is carried out by considering parameters such as seat width, seat back, seat cushion width, seat height, and the distance between two seats. This research indicates that existing seating designs must meet the optimal criteria for passenger ergonomic needs. Therefore, recommendations for improving seating design are prepared based on the results of the ergonomic evaluation. This design improvement aims to increase passenger safety and comfort and reduce the risk of injury. This research contributes to developing more ergonomic seating designs for sea transportation, especially using speed boats in the Derawan Islands area. The results of the ergonomic evaluation and recommendations for improvements can be used by related parties to improve service quality and passenger	safety in the Derawan Islands.
The Carpal Tunnel Syndrome and Ergonomic Risk Factor Profile in Online Motorcycle Taxi Drivers (ojol) in Jakarta
Authors: Mariyamah Titis , Handoko Yusuf , Eliana Maria , Winata Susanty Dewi 
Published: April 2024

Introduction: The increasing need for online motorcycle taxi driver (ojol) transportation continues to increase in Jakarta. This increases the activity of motorcycle taxi drivers, which can cause Carpal tunnel syndrome risks due to the awkward posture of the wrist while riding the motorcycle (the wrist posture is too long on the motorcycle handlebars with repetitive motion), which will affect the nerves and blood supply to the wrist and hand. This study aims to determine the risk of the motorcycle taxi driver’s upper limb using Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) and Carpal tunnel syndrome risk factor using the Boston Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Questionnaire (BTCSQ).
Method: This research used a cross-sectional study approach with 97 respondents online motorcycle taxi drivers. The respondents were collected based on the activity of online motorcycle taxi drivers who were in or passing through the data collection location and willing to take part in the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) and the Boston Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Questionnaire (BTCSQ). The RULA assessment and analysis were performed and supported by video (recording from a cycle of the activity while the respondents were riding the motorcycles). The respondents’ criteria were an online motorcycle taxi driver with a minimum of 1 year of working experience, at least 3 hours working duration per day, and not clinically suffering from rheumatoid arthritis and wrist problems. This study has been approved by Universitas Kristen Krida Wacana ethical committee.
Result: The results of BCTSQ and RULA in online motorcycle taxi drivers have found that there’s mild–moderate risk respectively in Jakarta. In RULA, it was found that there were 87.6% of respondents were reported at moderate risk which had an impact on musculoskeletal problems, especially the upper limb. In the BCTSQ, the result showed that there were mild complaints in 38.1% of respondents regarding the wrist which was at risk of developing carpal tunnel syndrome.
Discussion: With RULA results, in the form of moderate risk, Further ergonomics investigation and assessment are needed to find out further risk factors, mitigation plans, and best improvements to reduce the risks. The occurrence of mild complaints in the wrist based on BCTSQ requires further clinical examination of carpal tunnel syndrome to reduce the incidence of CTS cases in online motorcycle taxi drivers.
Conclusion: This research’s result has found mild-moderate risk factors from the activity and working posture among online motorcycle taxi drivers in Jakarta. Further investigation and research ergonomically are needed.
Stepwise Carbene Transfer Reaction with Alkenes beyond Cyclopropanation
Authors: Xu Xinfang , Yao Minghan , Dong Shanliang , Yusuf Abdulla 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMetal carbene transfer reactions have been well-established as an indispensable tool in modern organic synthesis, especially in the construction of C–C and C–X bonds with high efficiency and selectivity. Among these, stepwise carbene transfer reaction with alkenes beyond classical cyclopropanation reaction has been demonstrated as a practical method for the effective olefinic C–H/C–C bond functionalization. This review highlights the recent achievements in this area for the direct C–C bond formation involving metal carbene species with alkenes through a through stepwise reaction pathway. The content of this review is organized into three general categories according to the types of the reactions, including (i) direct nucleophilic addition of alkenes with metal carbene species, (ii) cross-coupling reaction via an alkenylic C–H bond activation and migration insertion sequence, and (iii) catalytic coupling reaction involving radical intermediate. Considering this rapidly evolving field, detailed reaction mechanism, current limitations, and future research directions are discussed.1	Introduction2	Nucleophilic Addition of Alkenes to Metal Carbene Species2.1	Using Polarized Alkenes2.2	Using Unactivated Alkenes2.3	Cascade Reactions3	Cross-Coupling Reaction Involving Metal Carbene Migratory Insertion Process4	Coupling Reaction Involving Radical Intermediate5	Conclusions and Perspectives
Photoredox-Enabled Synthesis of α-Alkylated Alkenylammonium Salts
Authors: Sakakibara Yota , Murakami Kei , Tonedachi Rina , Yoshita Aoi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe development of novel synthetic methods for quaternary ammonium salts is highly demanded since the current synthesis heavily relies on the conventional Menshutkin reaction. Herein, we report photoredox-catalyzed alkylation of α-brominated alkenylammonium salts. Mechanistically, the generation of a highly reactive α-ammoniovinyl radical is the key to our method. This reaction enables the synthesis of various unprecedented α-alkylated alkenylammonium salts.
Validation of Novel Microsurgical Vessel Anastomosis Techniques: A Systematic Review
Authors: Sadigh Yasmin , Mechri Imen , Jain Anamika , Gautam Amata Thongphetsavong , Seh Hadil , Volovici Victor 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background Thorough validation of novel microsurgical techniques is deemed essential before their integration into clinical practice. To achieve proper validation, the design of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) should be undertaken, accompanied by the execution of comprehensive statistical analyses, including confounder adjustment and power analysis. This systematic review aims to provide an encompassing overview of the validation methodologies employed in microsurgical studies, with a specific focus on innovative vessel anastomosis techniques.
Methods A literature search was conducted in PubMed for articles describing the validation of novel microsurgical vessel anastomosis techniques in animal or human subjects.
Results The literature search yielded 6,658 articles. A total of 6,564 articles were excluded based on title and abstract. Ninety-four articles were assessed for full-text eligibility. Forty-eight articles were included in this systematic review. Out of 30 comparative studies, 9 studies validated novel modified interrupted suture techniques, 6 studies modified continuous techniques, 6 studies modified sleeve anastomosis techniques, 1 study a modified vesselotomy technique, 7 studies sutureless techniques, and 1 study a modified lymphaticovenular anastomosis technique. Twenty-eight studies contained animals (n = 1,998). Fifteen animal studies were RCTs. Two studies contained human/cadaveric subjects (n = 29). Statistical power analysis and confounder adjustment were performed in one animal study. Out of 18 noncomparative studies, 5 studies validated novel modified interrupted suture techniques, 1 study a modified continuous technique, 2 studies modified sleeve anastomosis techniques, 4 studies modified vesselotomy techniques, 4 studies sutureless techniques, and 2 studies modified lymphaticovenular anastomosis techniques. Ten studies contained animal subjects (n = 320), with two RCTs. Eight studies contained human subjects (n = 173). Statistical power analysis and confounder adjustment were performed in none of the animal or human studies.
Conclusion The current methods of microsurgical technique validation should be reconsidered due to poor study design. Statistical analysis including confounder adjustment and power analysis should be performed as a standard method of novel technique validation.
Perceptions and attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccination among health professional students in Australia: a qualitative study
Authors: Chen Yingyan , Tower Marion , Zimmerman Peta-Anne , Layh Janice , Sparke Vanessa , Prichard Roslyn , Mason Matt , Lin Frances Fengzhi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractUsing two qualitative data sources: free-text responses to an open-ended question of an online survey and subsequent interviews and focus groups, we explored perceptions and attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccination among health professional students enrolled in Australian universities during the pandemic with data collected from October 2021 to April 2022. Students provided free-text responses to the open-ended question (n = 313) in the online survey and participated in interviews or focus groups (n = 17). Data analysis revealed three themes, including perceptions of COVID-19 seriousness and the risk of contracting the virus, information dissemination, and attitudes toward the vaccine mandate. The study identified evolving perceptions of COVID-19 seriousness among Australian health professional students and their sentiments toward the vaccine mandate. There is a need to ensure the quality of information dissemination related to the vaccine mandate. This may not only support students’ uptake of mandatory vaccination but also provide a means for them to address vaccination with healthcare consumers and patients.
Unlocking the performance evolution of GdBCO coated conductors irradiated by deuterium plasma
Authors: Wang Meiqi , Huang Daxing , Wang Tongxin , Dong Hao , Zhang Wenjie , Jiang Zhenyu , Gu Hongwei , Zhu Kaigui , Ding Fazhu 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
REBa2Cu3O7-δ
(REBCO, RE: rare earth) coated conductors (CCs) can generate a powerful magnetic field and are optimal for sustaining the reaction in fusion devices. However, the REBCO CCs will inevitably be exposed to neutron radiation during device operation. Transmutation produces gas atoms such as hydrogen will affect their properties. In this paper, GdBCO CCs were irradiated by 20 eV deuterium plasma. It was found that the irradiation introduced smaller (2–4 nm) pinning sites that formed a mixed pinning landscape with rare earth oxides (tens of nanometres) in the pristine samples, leading to an improved vortex pinning. At an irradiation fluence of 5.0 × 1018 D cm−2, the J
c values of the samples irradiated by deuterium can maintain the best enhancement of in-field performance at 4.2 K. Excess irradiation results in a decrease in J
c, a broadening of the superconducting transition width, and an enhanced disorder in GdBCO. This study provides some valuable insights for potential changes in the properties of REBCO CCs irradiated in fusion devices.
Soliton molecules, breather molecules and stability analysis of the three-coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equation
Authors: Xiong Zuoxin , Ren Bo 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We investigate the three-coupled nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation, which holds a significant physical implications in optical communications and biophysics. The multi-soliton solutions are derived utilizing the Hirota bilinear method. Multi-breather solutions are presented by assuming certain relationship for the parameters of the multi-solitons. By introducing the velocity resonance mechanism to multiple soliton/breather solutions, it is found that the three-coupled NLS model possesses abundant soliton molecule, breather molecule and breather-soliton molecule structures. The interactions among different types of soliton molecules which can be observed in marine and oceanic waters are investigated through numerical simulation. Ultimately, baseband modulation instability of the three-coupled NLS equation is analyzed. It is highly significance for the study of soliton formation and rogue waves in the three-coupled NLS equation.
Magnetic modes for enhancing second harmonic generation at ultraviolet frequencies
Authors: He Yonglin , Wang Jingyu , Yang Weimin , Jiang Shengjie 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Enhancing nonlinear frequency conversions at ultraviolet (UV) frequencies holds immense significance in contemporary physics and nanophotonics. In this work, we have theoretically demonstrated a highly efficient UV second-harmonic generation (SHG) in the Al nanorod−LiNbO3 (LN)−Al film nanostructure by two orders of magnitude higher compared to the conventional LiNbO3 nanostructure in this range. This result is acquired by designing a simple Al nanoparticle-Al film plasmonic system that generates magnetic resonances at near-UV frequencies to confine light to the LN, which can highly enhance the electromagnetic field and lead to strong interactions with the large nonlinear susceptibility. Our research provides profound insights into the pivotal role of plasmon-induced magnetic resonance (PIMR) modes in UV-SHG processes, thereby opening up new avenues for the development of nanoscale UV nanosources and nonlinear metasurface applications at subwavelength scale.
Compressive Property of Biomass Briquettes Made of Hazelnut Shell and Peanut Shell
Authors: Gusnia Yessi , Aditya Irfan Dwi , Widayani  
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In Indonesia, energy consumption increases as with its population, while fossil energy sources keep running out. This condition forces the development of non-fossil energy sources. One promising alternative is biomass briquette. In this study a biomass briquette was made using hazelnut shell (limbah cangkang kemiri CK) and peanut shell waste (kulit kacang tanah KT) with various CK concentrations: 0/24, 4/24, 8/24, 12/24, 16/24, 20/24, and 24/24 (w/w). Initially, dried CK and KT waste were processed into charcoal powder with a particle size of ~ 0,25 mm. The briquette was prepared by densification of the two charcoal mixtures at a pressure of 29778,99 N/m2 for 15 min, followed by heating at 60 °C for 4 h. Due to storage and delivery process in the application, briquettes must have good compressive properties. In this study, compressive property of the produced briquette was characterized using a universal testing machine (UTM). The results showed that the values of ultimate strength, modulus of elasticity, and elongation at break of the CK-KT briquette increased with increasing CK concentration, with highest values of 5.69 MPa, 80 MPa and 0.146, respectively.
Accuracy and Characteristic of Electrocardiographic Signal from Mobile Biomedical Sensor
Authors: Rahmansyah Praditya Rizky , Khotimah Siti Nurul , Haryanto Freddy , Sofyansyah Ridwan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Based on the Global Burden of Disease and the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation 2014-2019, heart disease is the highest cause of death in Indonesia. One way to deal with this disease is through early detection by reading the electrical signals of the heart. Therefore, the technology for recording the electrocardiographic signal is developing rapidly. Recently, there have been many uses of biomedical sensors to record the electrical activity of the heart by utilizing internet facilities and without cables. This study discusses the accuracy and characterization of cardiac signals recorded by the portable KardiaMobile 6L against the Fukuda M.E Cardisuny type C100 clinical electrocardiograph (ECG). The data are taken from 9 patients using both devices simultaneously. ECG signals from the two devices are digitized using web plot digitizer to obtain the RR interval values. The clinical ECG produces 6 ECG signals (as short data). Meanwhile, the KardiaMobile produces ECG signals for 30 seconds (as long data- and five sequential ECG signals can be sampled as short data). Accuracy is done through linear regression, percent difference, and root mean squared error for the heart rate in two devices and RR interval from ECG signals. They provide excellent goodness of fit measures for the linear regression. The percent difference is still in the reliability of the devices. The value of RMSE is very low. Characterization of ECG signals is done by t-test between two array RR interval data from two leads for the same device. Using KardiaMobile, the RR interval value of short data is not significantly different from long data for a subject with normal sinus rhythm. The RR interval value of long data and short data between two leads is not significantly different. Using clinical ECG, the RR interval value of short data between two leads is not significantly different. Therefore, KardiaMobile has an accuracy similar with a clinical electrocardiograph in determining HR and is effective for analyzing dynamic changes based on RR intervals.
The Effect of Porous Media Grain Size on non-Darcy Flow Behavior using Pore Scale Simulation
Authors: Feriadi Yusron , Fauzi Umar , Rizqie Arbie M , Fariduzzaman  
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The impact of grain size of the porous media of the 3D images of a beadpack on the permeability values and non-Darcy flow behaviour is analyzed using pore-scale flow modelling utilizing the finite volume method. In this study, the sample used was a 3D image from random tight packing of spheres (beadpack) with a size of 250×250×250 voxels and a porosity of 0.36. Variation in grain size is carried out by upscaling the 3D image sample, so that this treatment affects the specific surface area value but does not change the porosity and tortuosity of the sample. Several variations of grain diameter include 100 μm, 125 μm, 150 μm, 175 μm, and 200 μm. In this study, we adopted PIMPLE algorithm, which combines SIMPLE and PISO algorithms to accomplish the Navier-Stokes equations of fluid dynamics in such porous media. The simulation results show that the permeability value exhibits an inverse relationship with the specific surface area. This correlation is in accordance with the Kozeny-Carman equation. In addition, the initiation of non-Darcy flow occurs at the reference length-based Reynolds number of 2.06 and the permeability-based Reynolds number of 0.049.
Time Lapse Measurement of Reservoir’s Parameters Change due to CO2 Injection in Parigi Carbonate West Java
Authors: Nurhandoko Bagus Endar B. , Wibowo Satryo Agung , Chandra Rufidi , Apriansyah Boma , Handietri Zerlinda , Pratiwi Ratih , Cindrawati Maria , Manullang Tri Agatha , Susilowati  , Abdillah Fathur Rijal , Nefrizal  , Nurani Amalia , Endaryanto Aris , Supriyanto Eko Bambang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
CO2 injection is a process that involves injecting carbon dioxide gas into various substances or environments for different purposes. This technique, also called Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) or Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS), aims to prevent or reduce carbon dioxide emissions from reaching the atmosphere as they would affect climate change and also global warming. CCUS can also use the captured carbon dioxide for various purposes, such as enhancing oil recovery, producing fuels, chemicals, or building materials, or storing it underground or underwater. In this study, we investigated the phenomena of CO2 injection in Parigi carbonate rock from West Java. Our study involved various laboratory measurements of Parigi carbonate rock, focusing on changes in porosity due to CO2 injection. The porosity changes were observed using micro images analysis from microscope time-lapse analysis, CT-Scan, and laboratory helium porosity meter. The laboratory measurements of CO2 injection in brine water showed that the pH of the water can decrease to below 5, creating an acidic environment that induces dissolution of the pore structure. We measure the effect of CO2 injection to the Parigi carbonate samples by time lapse measurement strategy. Results of the laboratory measurements showed that the porosity increased during CO2 injection and the mass of the samples decreased during the CO2 injection process. These phenomena suggest that CO2 may induce dissolution of carbonate rock. Furthermore, the changes in porosity confirm that there is a chemical reaction during CO2 injection processes in Parigi carbonate.