bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LSD increases sleep duration the night after microdosing
Authors: Allen Nathan , Jeremiah Aron , Murphy Robin , Sumner Rachael , Forsyth Anna , Hoeh Nicholas , Menkes David B. , Evans William , Muthukumaraswamy Suresh , Sundram Frederick , Roop Partha 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMicrodosing psychedelic drugs at a level below the threshold to induce hallucinations is an increasingly common lifestyle practice. However, the effects of microdosing on sleep have not been previously reported. Here, we report results from a Phase 1 randomized controlled trial in which 80 healthy adult male volunteers received a 6-week course of either LSD (10 µg) or placebo with doses self-administered every third day. Participants used a commercially available sleep/activity tracker for the duration of the trial. Data from 3231 nights of sleep showed that on the night after microdosing, participants in the LSD group slept an extra 24.3 min per night (95% Confidence Interval 10.3–38.3 min) compared to placebo—with no reductions of sleep observed on the dosing day itself. There were no changes in the proportion of time spent in various sleep stages or in participant physical activity. These results show a clear modification of the physiological sleep requirements in healthy male volunteers who microdose LSD. The clear, clinically significant changes in objective measurements of sleep observed are difficult to explain as a placebo effect. Trial registration: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of repeated microdoses of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) in healthy volunteers; https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=381476; ACTRN12621000436875.
Unveiling the effect of composition on nuclear waste immobilization glasses’ durability by nonparametric machine learning
Authors: Song Yu , Lu Xiaonan , Wang Kaixin , Ryan Joseph V. , Smedskjaer Morten M. , Vienna John D. , Bauchy Mathieu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractEnsuring the long-term chemical durability of glasses is critical for nuclear waste immobilization operations. Durable glasses usually undergo qualification for disposal based on their response to standardized tests such as the product consistency test or the vapor hydration test (VHT). The VHT uses elevated temperature and water vapor to accelerate glass alteration and the formation of secondary phases. Understanding the relationship between glass composition and VHT response is of fundamental and practical interest. However, this relationship is complex, non-linear, and sometimes fairly variable, posing challenges in identifying the distinct effect of individual oxides on VHT response. Here, we leverage a dataset comprising 654 Hanford low-activity waste (LAW) glasses across a wide compositional envelope and employ various machine learning techniques to explore this relationship. We find that Gaussian process regression (GPR), a nonparametric regression method, yields the highest predictive accuracy. By utilizing the trained model, we discern the influence of each oxide on the glasses’ VHT response. Moreover, we discuss the trade-off between underfitting and overfitting for extrapolating the material performance in the context of sparse and heterogeneous datasets.
Resequencing the complete SNCA locus in Indian patients with Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Kishore Asha , Sturm Marc , Soman Pillai Kanchana , Hakkaart Christopher , Kalikavil Puthanveedu Divya , Urulangodi Madhusoodanan , Krishnan Syam , Ashok Kumar Sreelatha Ashwin , Rajan Roopa , Pal Pramod Kumar , Yadav Ravi , Sarma Gangadhara , Casadei Nicolas , Gasser Thomas , Bauer Peter , Riess Olaf , Sharma Manu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe genetic loci implicated in familial Parkinson’s disease (PD) have limited generalizability to the Indian PD population. We tested mutations and the frequency of known mutations in the SNCA gene in a PD cohort from India. We selected 298 PD cases and 301 age-matched controls for targeted resequencing (before QC), along with 363 PD genomes of Indian ancestry and 1029 publicly available whole genomes from India as healthy controls (IndiGenomes), to determine the frequency of monogenic SNCA mutations. The raw sequence reads were analyzed using an in-house analysis pipeline, allowing the detection of small variants and structural variants using Manta. The in-depth analysis of the SNCA locus did not identify missense or structural variants, including previously identified SNCA mutations, in the Indian population. The familial forms of SNCA gene variants do not play a major role in the Indian PD population and this warrants further research in the under-represented population.
Architectural design of 2D covalent organic frameworks (COFs) for pharmaceutical pollutant removal
Authors: Akhzari Sajad , Raissi Heidar , Ghahari Afsaneh 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMacrolide antibiotics, including erythromycin, clarithromycin, and azithromycin, are frequently misused for human treatment globally. Therefore, they were considered high-risk substances on the Union-wide monitoring Watch list under Regulation 2018/840/EU. The present work investigates the adsorption behavior of the pharmaceutical pollutants on the 1,3,5-tris (4-aminophenyl) benzene/2,5 dimethoxyterephthalaldehyde (TAPB-DMTP) covalent organic frameworks (COFs). In this study, we employ molecular dynamics simulations and well-tempered metadynamics to evaluate the adsorption affinity of pristine covalent organic frameworks and their functionalized form (F-COFs) for the removal of four distinct pharmaceutical pollutant molecules (PPMs): erythromycin (EMC), dexamethasone (DEG), azithromycin (AZM), and clarithromycin (CMC). We utilized MD simulations to examine the impact of two different temperatures (298 and 310 K) on enhancing the adsorption of the pharmaceutical contaminants from wastewater by COFs/F-COFs. To evaluate this process, several descriptors are calculated from the simulation trajectories, including interaction energies, root-mean-square deviation, radial distribution function, solvent-accessible surface area, mean square displacement, and the number of hydrogen bonds (HB). It is determined that HB and X–H⋯π (X = C, N, O; π = aromatic system) interactions are the most critical factors contributing to system stability. In addition, it is shown that COFs with a pore-based structure have a higher capacity for removing pollutants. The free energy landscapes confirm that the global minimum is typically associated with the formation of hydrogen bonds. At 298 K, their global minima are DEG/F-COFs = −665.81, AZM/F-COFs = −638.53, EMC/F-COFs = −566.31, and CMC/F-COFs = −326.75 KJ mol−1.
Geospatial investigation on self-purification capacity of river Estuaries in the Caspian region: reducing heavy metals pollution
Authors: Marefat Ali , Asgari Soheil , Badpa Reza , Jahanirad Mina , Sagheb Molaei Masoud , Karbassi Abdolreza 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn today’s context, the adoption of sustainable wastewater treatment methods is crucial. River estuaries have the potential to offer an economically viable and environmentally friendly solution for wastewater treatment through the flocculation of pollutants. This study investigates the role of river estuaries flowing into the southern part of the Caspian Sea in the treatment of heavy metals. Two sets of experiments were designed for this purpose. The first set involved adjusting a series of discrete aquaria in various salinity regimes, while the second set utilized only one aquarium. The results from the first set indicate the capacity of the studied estuaries to remove heavy metals through the flocculation process in the following order: Zn (70%) > Mn (60%) > Cu (49%) > Pb (24%) > Ni (19%). However, the removal rates in the second set were reduced as follows: Zn (57%) > Mn (56%) > Cu (40%) > Pb (20%) > Ni (17%). It was observed that the flocculation process exhibits an unstable nature. Furthermore, the findings reveal that heavy metals flocculation primarily occurs upstream of the estuary. However, instability in the flocculation process occurs downstream, where water parameters undergo drastic changes. Statistical analyses indicate that an increase in pH plays a significant role in the destabilization of flocs. Conversely, the initial concentration of heavy metals, dissolved oxygen, and redox potential have a positive impact on the flocculation process.
Light-wave-controlled Haldane model in monolayer hexagonal boron nitride
Authors: Mitra Sambit , Jiménez-Galán Álvaro , Aulich Mario , Neuhaus Marcel , Silva Rui E. F. , Pervak Volodymyr , Kling Matthias F. , Biswas Shubhadeep 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn recent years, the stacking and twisting of atom-thin structures with matching crystal symmetry has provided a unique way to create new superlattice structures in which new properties emerge1,2. In parallel, control over the temporal characteristics of strong light fields has allowed researchers to manipulate coherent electron transport in such atom-thin structures on sublaser-cycle timescales3,4. Here we demonstrate a tailored light-wave-driven analogue to twisted layer stacking. Tailoring the spatial symmetry of the light waveform to that of the lattice of a hexagonal boron nitride monolayer and then twisting this waveform result in optical control of time-reversal symmetry breaking5 and the realization of the topological Haldane model6 in a laser-dressed two-dimensional insulating crystal. Further, the parameters of the effective Haldane-type Hamiltonian can be controlled by rotating the light waveform, thus enabling ultrafast switching between band structure configurations and allowing unprecedented control over the magnitude, location and curvature of the bandgap. This results in an asymmetric population between complementary quantum valleys that leads to a measurable valley Hall current7, which can be detected by optical harmonic polarimetry. The universality and robustness of our scheme paves the way to valley-selective bandgap engineering on the fly and unlocks the possibility of creating few-femtosecond switches with quantum degrees of freedom.
The genome and population genomics of allopolyploid Coffea arabica reveal the diversification history of modern coffee cultivars
Authors: Salojärvi Jarkko , Rambani Aditi , Yu Zhe , Guyot Romain , Strickler Susan , Lepelley Maud , Wang Cui , Rajaraman Sitaram , Rastas Pasi , Zheng Chunfang , Muñoz Daniella Santos , Meidanis João , Paschoal Alexandre Rossi , Bawin Yves , Krabbenhoft Trevor J. , Wang Zhen Qin , Fleck Steven J. , Aussel Rudy , Bellanger Laurence , Charpagne Aline , Fournier Coralie , Kassam Mohamed , Lefebvre Gregory , Métairon Sylviane , Moine Déborah , Rigoreau Michel , Stolte Jens , Hamon Perla , Couturon Emmanuel , Tranchant-Dubreuil Christine , Mukherjee Minakshi , Lan Tianying , Engelhardt Jan , Stadler Peter , Correia De Lemos Samara Mireza , Suzuki Suzana Ivamoto , Sumirat Ucu , Wai Ching Man , Dauchot Nicolas , Orozco-Arias Simon , Garavito Andrea , Kiwuka Catherine , Musoli Pascal , Nalukenge Anne , Guichoux Erwan , Reinout Havinga , Smit Martin , Carretero-Paulet Lorenzo , Filho Oliveiro Guerreiro , Braghini Masako Toma , Padilha Lilian , Sera Gustavo Hiroshi , Ruttink Tom , Henry Robert , Marraccini Pierre , Van de Peer Yves , Andrade Alan , Domingues Douglas , Giuliano Giovanni , Mueller Lukas , Pereira Luiz Filipe , Plaisance Stephane , Poncet Valerie , Rombauts Stephane , Sankoff David , Albert Victor A. , Crouzillat Dominique , de Kochko Alexandre , Descombes Patrick 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCoffea arabica, an allotetraploid hybrid of Coffea eugenioides and Coffea canephora, is the source of approximately 60% of coffee products worldwide, and its cultivated accessions have undergone several population bottlenecks. We present chromosome-level assemblies of a di-haploid C. arabica accession and modern representatives of its diploid progenitors, C. eugenioides and C. canephora. The three species exhibit largely conserved genome structures between diploid parents and descendant subgenomes, with no obvious global subgenome dominance. We find evidence for a founding polyploidy event 350,000–610,000 years ago, followed by several pre-domestication bottlenecks, resulting in narrow genetic variation. A split between wild accessions and cultivar progenitors occurred ~30.5 thousand years ago, followed by a period of migration between the two populations. Analysis of modern varieties, including lines historically introgressed with C. canephora, highlights their breeding histories and loci that may contribute to pathogen resistance, laying the groundwork for future genomics-based breeding of C. arabica.
Uncovering the impact of UV radiation on mitochondria in dermal cells: a STED nanoscopy study
Authors: Kim Hyung Jun , Jin Seon-Pil , Kang Jooyoun , Bae So Hyeon , Son Jung Bae , Oh Jang-Hee , Youn Hyewon , Kim Seong Keun , Kang Keon Wook , Chung Jin Ho 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMitochondria are essential organelles in cellular energy metabolism and other cellular functions. Mitochondrial dysfunction is closely linked to cellular damage and can potentially contribute to the aging process. The purpose of this study was to investigate the subcellular structure of mitochondria and their activities in various cellular environments using super-resolution stimulated emission depletion (STED) nanoscopy. We examined the morphological dispersion of mitochondria below the diffraction limit in sub-cultured human primary skin fibroblasts and mouse skin tissues. Confocal microscopy provides only the overall morphology of the mitochondrial membrane and an indiscerptible location of nucleoids within the diffraction limit. Conversely, super-resolution STED nanoscopy allowed us to resolve the nanoscale distribution of translocase clusters on the mitochondrial outer membrane and accurately quantify the number of nucleoids per cell in each sample. Comparable results were obtained by analyzing the translocase distribution in the mouse tissues. Furthermore, we precisely and quantitatively analyzed biomolecular distribution in nucleoids, such as the mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM), using STED nanoscopy. Our findings highlight the efficacy of super-resolution fluorescence imaging in quantifying aging-related changes on the mitochondrial sub-structure in cells and tissues.
A sub-μs accuracy GPS alternative using electrical transmission grids as precision timing networks
Authors: Robson Stephen , Haddad Manu Abderrahmane 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIt is widely recognised that over-reliance on GNSS (e.g GPS) for time synchronisation represents an acute threat to modern society, and a diversity of alternatives are required to mitigate the threat of an outage. This paper proposes a GNSS alternative using time dissemination over national scale transmission or distribution networks. The method utilises the same frequency bandwidth and coupling technology as established power line carrier technology in conjunction with modern chirp Spread Spectrum modulation. The basis of the method is the transmission of a time synchronised chirp from a central substation, coupled into the aerial modes of the transmission line. During GNSS operation, all substations can estimate the time of flight by correlating the received chirp with a time-synchronised local copy. During GNSS outage, time sychronisation to the central substation is maintained by correcting for the precalculated time of flight. It is shown that recent advances in chirp spread spectrum allow for a computationally efficient algorithm with the capacity to compute hundreds of thousand of chirp correlations every second, facilitating timing accuracy which satisfies the majority of smart grid applications. ATP-EMTP simulations of the method on large transmission networks demonstrate sub-μs timing accuracy even in the presence of low SNR and impulsive noise. An FPGA prototype demonstrates experimentally sub-μs accuracy for time dissemination over a distance of 700 m. Averaging over time is shown to facilitate satisfactory performance down to $$-20\,\hbox {dB}$$

-
20

dB

, which could extend the range of the system to a national scale and a time dissemination network invulnerable to wireless spoofing and jamming attack vectors.
Resistance of the fiber-derived geotextile from Typha domingensis submitted to field degradation
Authors: Holanda Francisco Sandro Rodrigues , Santos Luiz Diego Vidal , Melo Jeangela Carla Rodrigues De , Boge Gizelio Menezes , Sussuchi Eliana Midori , Nascimento Brenno Lima , Santos Marcos Vinícius Quirino dos , Oliveira Marla Ibrahim Uehbe de 
Published: April 2024

AbstractGeotextiles made from plant fibers creates a suitable environment for plant growth as part of soil bioengineering techniques. The faster decomposition of plant fiber geotextiles compared to synthetic ones demands the use of composites that enhance their waterproofing and extend their durability in the environment. The objective of this work was to evaluate the resistance of a geotextile made with Thypha domingensis to degradation caused by climatic variables. Tensile strength tests were conducted in the laboratory in order to evaluate the degradation of geotextiles treated with single and double layers of waterproofing resin. Based on Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images, it was verified that applying double layer of waterproofing resin delays the fibers degradation up to 120 days of exposure to the effects of climatic variables other than temperature. The maximum resistance losses due to the geotextile's exposure to degradation were statistically significant for all three treatments: control-without waterproofing resin, with one layer resin, and with two layers resin. Therefore, waterproofing resin, provides a long-term protective solution for geotextiles made from cattail fibers.
Coral geochemical response to uplift in the aftermath of the 2005 Nias–Simeulue earthquake
Authors: Sosdian Sindia M. , Gagan Michael K. , Natawidjaja Danny H. , Kimbrough Alena K. , Suwargadi Bambang W. , Rifai Hamdi , Scott-Gagan Heather , Prayudi Dudi , Suprihanto Imam , Hantoro Wahyoe S. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractOn 28 March 2005, the Indonesian islands of Nias and Simeulue experienced a powerful Mw 8.6 earthquake and coseismic uplift and subsidence. In areas of coastal uplift (up to ~ 2.8 m), fringing reef coral communities were killed by exposure, while deeper corals that survived were subjected to habitats with altered runoff, sediment and nutrient regimes. Here we present time-series (2000–2009) of Mn/Ca, Y/Ca and Ba/Ca variability in massive Porites corals from Nias to assess the environmental impact of a wide range of vertical displacement (+ 2.5 m to − 0.4 m). High-resolution LA-ICP-MS measurements show that skeletal Mn/Ca increased at uplifted sites, regardless of reef type, indicating a post-earthquake increase in suspended sediment delivery. Transient and/or long-term increases in skeletal Y/Ca at all uplift sites support the idea of increased sediment delivery. Coral Mn/Ca and Ba/Ca in lagoonal environments highlight the additional influences of reef bathymetry, wind-driven sediment resuspension, and phytoplankton blooms on coral geochemistry. Together, the results show that the Nias reefs adapted to fundamentally altered hydrographic conditions. We show how centuries of repeated subsidence and uplift during great-earthquake cycles along the Sunda megathrust may have shaped the modern-day predominance of massive scleractinian corals on the West Sumatran reefs.
Ultrastructural examination of cryodamage in Paracentrotus lividus eggs during cryopreservation
Authors: Campos S. , Troncoso J. , Paredes E. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study examinates the challenges of cryopreserving sea urchin (Paracentrotus lividus) eggs, a task hindered by factors like low membrane permeability and high sensitivity to cryoprotective agents (CPAs). While successful cryopreservation has been achieved for some marine invertebrates, eggs remain problematic due to their unique characteristics. The study explores the impact of various CPAs and cryopreservation techniques on sea urchin eggs, employing scanning and transmission electron microscopy to analyze cellular damage. The findings reveal that exposure to low CPA concentrations (0.5 M) did not induce significant damage to eggs. However, high concentrations (3 M) proved highly detrimental. Every cryopreservation approach investigated in this study resulted in irreversible damage to the sea urchin eggs, rendering them nonviable for future use. The research sheds light on the importance of understanding the structural alterations induced by CPAs and cryopreservation methods. This knowledge is essential for refining cryopreservation methods, potentially paving the way for successful preservation of these challenging cells.
Exploring the origin of a unique mutant allele in twin-tail goldfish using CRISPR/Cas9 mutants
Authors: Lee Shu-Hua , Wang Chen-Yi , Li Ing-Jia , Abe Gembu , Ota Kinya G. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractArtificial selection has been widely applied to genetically fix rare phenotypic features in ornamental domesticated animals. For many of these animals, the mutated loci and alleles underlying rare phenotypes are known. However, few studies have explored whether these rare genetic mutations might have been fixed due to competition among related mutated alleles or if the fixation occurred due to contingent stochastic events. Here, we performed genetic crossing with twin-tail ornamental goldfish and CRISPR/Cas9-mutated goldfish to investigate why only a single mutated allele—chdS with a E127X stop codon (also called chdAE127X)—gives rise to the twin-tail phenotype in the modern domesticated goldfish population. Two closely related chdS mutants were generated with CRISPR/Cas9 and compared with the E127X allele in F2 and F3 generations. Both of the CRISPR/Cas9-generated alleles were equivalent to the E127X allele in terms of penetrance/expressivity of the twin-tail phenotype and viability of carriers. These findings indicate that multiple truncating mutations could have produced viable twin-tail goldfish. Therefore, the absence of polymorphic alleles for the twin-tail phenotype in modern goldfish likely stems from stochastic elimination or a lack of competing alleles in the common ancestor. Our study is the first experimental comparison of a singular domestication-derived allele with CRISPR/Cas9-generated alleles to understand how genetic fixation of a unique genotype and phenotype may have occurred. Thus, our work may provide a conceptual framework for future investigations of rare evolutionary events in domesticated animals.
Preparation of nanodiamond anchored on copper tannic acid as a heterogenous catalyst for synthesis of 1,4-benzodiazepines derivatives
Authors: Ghalavand Reza , Ghafuri Hossein , Ardeshiri Hadi Hassani 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this research, a new and eco-friendly heterogeneous catalyst (ND@Tannicacid-Cu) was synthesized based on nanodiamond and copper tannic acid via esterification process. The as-prepared catalyst was characterized by Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods. The catalytic efficacy of the intended catalyst was examined by one-step three-component reaction of 1,4-benzodiazepine derivatives from a mixture of ortho-phenylenediamine, aromatic aldehydes, and dimedone under mild conditions. In all instances, corresponding 2,4-benzodiazepines derivatives were synthesized with high efficiency, short reaction time, straightforward work up procedure, no requirement for column-chromatography, and cost-effective catalyst. The heterogeneous catalyst was easily recycled using fillers, and it can be reused for eight cycles without significantly diminishing its performance.