bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Sampling Rate on Reproducibility and Accuracy of Miniature Kolsky Bar Experiments
Authors: Hannah Thomas , Martin Valerie , Ellis Stephen , Kraft Reuben H. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The purpose of this work is to develop and verify a method for quantitatively analyzing data collected from Kolsky bar experiments and to confirm its validity by comparing it to a finite element (FE) model. This study also aims to demonstrate the need for higher sample rate capture in miniature Kolsky bars, 3.16 mm diameter used in this work, by comparing results from two different data acquisition setups on identically sized experimental setups. We identified that the sample capture rate needed to accurately depict experimental results on small-scale systems is at least 400 kHz, which is far greater than what is typically assumed for lager systems. Finally, a statistical method for evaluating results is presented and expanded upon, which removes the dependence on the knowledge and experience of the experimentalist to interpret the data. Using this analysis technique on the two different systems examined in this study, we find upwards of 3.5 times better loading condition reproducibility and up to a 20 MPa reduction in the standard deviation of the sample stress profile, confirming the need for higher quality frequency capture rates.
Venous thromboembolism risk in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a hospital record-linkage study
Authors: Goldacre Raph , Trubshaw Michael , Morris Eva J A , Talbot Kevin , Goldacre Michael J , Thompson Alexander Guy , Turner Martin R 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundVenous thromboembolism (VTE) can occur in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and pulmonary embolism causes death in a minority of cases. The benefits of preventing VTE must be weighed against the risks. An accurate estimate of the incidence of VTE in ALS is crucial to assessing this balance.MethodsThis retrospective record-linkage cohort study derived data from the Hospital Episode Statistics database, covering admissions to England’s hospitals from 1 April 2003 to 31 December 2019 and included 21 163 patients with ALS and 17 425 337 controls. Follow-up began at index admission and ended at VTE admission, death or 2 years (whichever came sooner). Adjusted HRs (aHRs) for VTE were calculated, controlling for confounders.ResultsThe incidence of VTE in the ALS cohort was 18.8/1000 person-years. The relative risk of VTE in ALS was significantly greater than in controls (aHR 2.7, 95% CI 2.4 to 3.0). The relative risk of VTE in patients with ALS under 65 years was five times higher than controls (aHR 5.34, 95% CI 4.6 to 6.2), and higher than that of patients over 65 years compared with controls (aHR 1.86, 95% CI 1.62 to 2.12).ConclusionsPatients with ALS are at a higher risk of developing VTE, but this is similar in magnitude to that reported in other chronic neurological conditions associated with immobility, such as multiple sclerosis, which do not routinely receive VTE prophylaxis. Those with ALS below the median age of symptom onset have a notably higher relative risk. A reappraisal of the case for routine antithrombotic therapy in those diagnosed with ALS now requires a randomised controlled trial.
Evaluation of the use of commercial-type and synthetic diets to test a nucleotide-rich yeast-derived product as a growth promotor for first feeding rainbow trout fry raised at 10 or 16 °C
Authors: Anderson Derek M. , White Margot B. , Collins Stephanie A. , Patterson Rob 
Published: March 2024

A nucleotide-rich yeast-derived product (Maxi-Gen™; CBS Bio Platforms, Inc., Calgary AB, Canada), was fed to rainbow trout fry housed at 10 or 16 °C to determine its effect on weight gain and feed intake. Rainbow trout fry housed in 40 16 L tanks (25 fish/tank) were fed commercial-type or synthetic diets with or without the nucleotide-rich yeast product added (0% or 0.5% inclusion) until they reached 60 days of age (5 tanks/4 diets/2 temperatures). Fish housed at 16 °C consumed significantly more feed and gained significantly more weight than fish housed at 10 °C. Trout fed the commercial-type diet gained significantly more weight than those fed the synthetic diet without the nucleotide-rich yeast product added. There was no significant difference in weight gain or feed intake among fish fed either commercial-type diet and the fish fed the synthetic diets with the nucleotide-rich yeast product added, although fish fed the commercial-type diets had significantly better feed conversion efficiencies than those fed the synthetic diets. The nucleotide-rich yeast product could be used in low fish meal, low fish oil first feeding diets, as the aquaculture industry decreases fish meal and oil use in aquafeeds in response to their increasing cost and decreasing availability.
Deviation from μ−τ symmetry and lepton flavor violation with generalized CP transformations
Authors: Ganguly Joy 
Published: March 2024

In the model [J. Ganguly and R. S. Hundi, Chinese Phys. C 46, 103101 (2022).], the neutrino mixing has been explained in a type II seesaw scenario with generalized [Formula: see text] symmetries. The neutrino mass matrix has [Formula: see text] symmetric nature. As neutrino oscillation data suggests neutrino mixing can deviate from [Formula: see text] symmetry, in this work, deviation from [Formula: see text] symmetric mass matrix is shown by breaking the generalized [Formula: see text] symmetry explicitly by a small amount in the Yukawa Lagrangian which actually shows that atmospheric mixing angle can deviate from maximal value. As a phenomenological implication, branching ratios of the lepton flavor violating decays have been studied, which occurs by the triplet Higgs, by writing down the full scalar potential and then finding the mass eigenstates of the scalars. We have studied the implications of neutrinoless double beta decay within our model.
Identification of unknown sources in time-space fractional parabolic equation
Authors: Lv Xianli , Feng Xiufang 
Published: March 2024

This study considers the issue for recognizing unknown source within a time-space fractional parabolic equation. This particular issue is characterized by severe ill-posedness, where the solution does not depend continuously on the data. To tackle this issue, the wavelet dual least squares method is extended to handle ill-posedness of the issue under priori rule. Additionally, a posterior wavelet regularization parameter selection rule is introduced to address the Cauchy problem. Furthermore, error estimates between the exact solution and its approximation are established using both a priori and a posteriori methodologies. Numerical examples are given to validate the effectiveness and stability of the proposed method.
NERVE: Real-Time Neural Video Recovery and Enhancement on Mobile Devices
Authors: He Zhaoyuan , Yang Yifan , Qiu Lili , Park Kyoungjun , Yang Yuqing 
Published: March 2024

As mobile devices become increasingly popular for video streaming, it is crucial to optimize the streaming experience for these devices. Although deep learning-based video enhancement techniques are gaining attention, most of them cannot support real-time enhancement on mobile devices. Additionally, many of these techniques are focused solely on super-resolution and cannot handle partial or complete loss or corruption of video frames, which is common in the Internet and wireless networks.
To overcome these challenges, we present NERVE, a novel approach in this paper. NERVE consists of (i) a novel video frame recovery scheme, (ii) a new super-resolution algorithm, and (iii) an enhancement-aware video bit rate adaptation algorithm. We implement NERVE on an iPhone 12, and it can support 30 frames per second (FPS). We evaluate NERVE in various networks such as 3G, 4G, 5G, and WiFi networks. Our evaluation shows that NERVE enables real-time video recovery and enhancement, and results in 24% - 83% increase in video Quality of Experience (QoE) in our video streaming system.
Centros de identidade e paisagens culturais: perspectivas para o patrimônio urbanístico no Brasil, Cabo Verde e Moçambique
Authors: Santana Marcela Maciel 
Published: March 2024

This paper intends to discuss the existing challenges in the field of patrimonialization of urban areas in cities with heritages of Portuguese influence in Brazil, Cabo Verde and Mozambique, taking into account their particularities, their potentials and their synergies. This discussion focuses on the urbanistic heritage of five cities that represent different urban phenomena and heritage processes in these countries: Island of Mozambique and Maputo, in Mozambique; Mindelo, in Cabo Verde; Ouro Preto and Rio de Janeiro, in Brazil. It is proposed to question the way in which these urban areas have been protected, especially with regard to the use of the notion of “historic center” that is recurrent in these processes. This paper also intends to verify the viability of other approaches and concepts that can better translate the cultural values of the urbanistic heritage, such as “center of identity” and “cultural landscape”. Finally, it is expected that the contribution of this discussion lies, mainly, on new perspectives on the subject, based on an international south-south debate, in order to shareexperiences and lessons learned in these contexts.
A preservação do saber-fazer: considerações sobre o projeto de restauro das fachadas e esquadrias do Fortim dos Emboabas
Authors: Mangili Liziane Peres , Avelar Ana Laura Ferreira , Ferrarezi Bia 
Published: March 2024

As relações intrínsecas entre materialidade e imaterialidade estão, cada vez mais, sendo incorporadas no entendimento daquilo que se configura como patrimônio cultural e nas políticas de preservação. Na prática da preservação, essa indissociabilidade entre tangível e intangível mostra-se latente, a ponto de diagnosticar-se, em projetos de restauro, que a perda de um saber-fazer implica diretamente na perda do suporte material representativo de uma determinada cultura. Nesse contexto, este artigo parte do relato do desenvolvimento do Projeto de Restauro das Fachadas e Esquadrias do Fortim dos Emboabas, edificação de adobe do início do século XVIII, patrimônio cultural de São João del-Rei, Mina Gerais, para debruçar-se sobre a preservação do saber-fazer. Primeiro, buscamos mostrar como a perda de um saber associado a uma técnica construtiva pode conduzir, em última instância, às perdas materiais do bem cultural, ao abordarmos o uso de argamassas cimentícias sobre suportes de arquitetura de terra. Depois, levantamos algumas questões sobre a preservação da técnica e como ela tem sido abordada pelas políticas de preservação do patrimônio cultural. As análises mostram que, embora parta de uma visão holística do patrimônio por meio do conceito de referência cultural, a preservação das técnicas construtivas tradicionais ainda é vista como um fim para a preservação dos artefatos materiais e não como processo que encerra significados e é componente cultural vivo.
Endothelial-Specific Reduction in Arf6 Impairs Insulin-Stimulated Vasodilation and Skeletal Muscle Blood Flow Resulting in Systemic Insulin Resistance in Mice
Authors: Islam Md Torikul , Cai Jinjin , Allen Shanena , Moreno Denisse G. , Bloom Samuel I. , Bramwell R. Colton , Mitton Jonathan , Horn Andrew G. , Zhu Weiquan , Donato Anthony J. , Holland William L. , Lesniewski Lisa A. 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND:
Much of what we know about insulin resistance is based on studies from metabolically active tissues such as the liver, adipose tissue, and skeletal muscle. Emerging evidence suggests that the vascular endothelium plays a crucial role in systemic insulin resistance; however, the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Arf6 (ADP ribosylation factor 6) is a small GTPase that plays a critical role in endothelial cell function. Here, we tested the hypothesis that the deletion of endothelial Arf6 will result in systemic insulin resistance.

METHODS:

We used mouse models of constitutive endothelial cell–specific Arf6 deletion (Arf6
f/−
Tie2Cre
+
) and tamoxifen-inducible Arf6 knockout (Arf6
f/f
Cdh5CreER+). Endothelium-dependent vasodilation was assessed using pressure myography. Metabolic function was assessed using a battery of metabolic assessments including glucose and insulin tolerance tests and hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps. We used a fluorescence microsphere–based technique to measure tissue blood flow. Skeletal muscle capillary density was assessed using intravital microscopy.

RESULTS:
Endothelial Arf6 deletion impaired insulin-stimulated vasodilation in white adipose tissue and skeletal muscle feed arteries. The impairment in vasodilation was primarily due to attenuated insulin-stimulated nitric oxide bioavailability but independent of altered acetylcholine-mediated or sodium nitroprusside–mediated vasodilation. Endothelial cell–specific deletion of Arf6 also resulted in systematic insulin resistance in normal chow–fed mice and glucose intolerance in high-fat diet–fed obese mice. The underlying mechanisms of glucose intolerance were reductions in insulin-stimulated blood flow and glucose uptake in the skeletal muscle and were independent of changes in capillary density or vascular permeability.

CONCLUSIONS:
Results from this study support the conclusion that endothelial Arf6 signaling is essential for maintaining insulin sensitivity. Reduced expression of endothelial Arf6 impairs insulin-mediated vasodilation and results in systemic insulin resistance. These results have therapeutic implications for diseases that are associated with endothelial cell dysfunction and insulin resistance such as diabetes.
Virtual Reality Presence in Partially Non-Euclidean Environments
Authors: Mayor Jesus , López-Fernández Daniel , Lara-Cabrera Raúl , Ortega Fernando 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Currently, virtual reality is limited by a physical workspace if the user walks indefinitely inside its virtual world. Therefore, it is necessary to find solutions to this limitation. A possible solution could be to reuse this workspace by overlapping different parts of the virtual space. This can be achieved through the use of imperceptible portals that connect different points in the virtual environment. Thanks to these portals it is possible to create a momentary break in the conventional Euclidean geometry displaying parts of the virtual world that are farther away than usual. Although this kind of effect has been seen in conventional games, its application to virtual environments has some technical implications. One of the most important technical characteristics to be evaluated is the presence, which could be affected by this type of visual effect. For this reason, a validation of the effect has been carried out by quantitatively analyzing the perceptual presence and conducting qualitative interviews with users. The results did not show an overall impact on presence, and users were excited to experience this type of visual effect inside the virtual world. Finally, this paper shows everything learned in this development and is discussed from a perceptual design point of view, opening the possibility of new studies associated with this visual effect applied to the virtual world.
“A Wound That Was Already Festering”: The Burdens of a Racial Justice Program on Teachers of Color
Authors: Villavicencio Adriana , Hill Kathryn , Conlin Dana , Klevan Sarah 
Published: March 2024

Background: Research that documents the influence of anti-racism programs on teacher practice shows some desired outcomes, including developing critical consciousness to support students of color and educate others about stereotyping; understanding how racial bias affects one’s teaching and relationships with students; and implementing anti-racist approaches in schoolwide policies and practice. At the same time, research on anti-racist professional development (PD) also highlights the challenges of engaging in this work when white teachers, in particular, respond defensively or dismissively. Studies have shown how these responses can reinforce stereotyping behavior among white participants and reinscribe unequal social relationships. Research Questions: This article aims to answer the following questions: (1) How do white educators, if they do at all, display resistance to racial justice work? (2) How does resistance among white educators, if it does so at all, shape the experiences of educators of color? (3) How can schools reduce the potential burden of racial justice work on educators of color? Research Design: This article draws on data from a case study of a New York City elementary school that participated in a yearlong racial justice program. Data sources include semi-structured interviews with school and program leaders; focus groups with members of the racial equity committee and other teachers; observations of professional development sessions, racial equity committee meetings, and other program activities; and artifacts related to the implementation of the program to deepen our understanding of the program’s implementation and responses from multiple stakeholders. Recommendations: Grounded in critical race theory (CRT), the findings from this study paint a complex picture of the behaviors that white teachers may employ that derail racial justice work, the emotional and professional burden of that resistance on educators of color, and promising approaches for confronting resistance in order to advance racial equity. Beyond identifying the potential costs of engaging in racial justice work, our findings also offer schools and educators promising approaches for challenging white resistance while not perpetuating racial harm. We propose an implementation model that intentionally shields educators of color from the remonstrations of white resistors and the additional toll they can take on their time and well-being. Moreover, given what we know about the outsized role school leaders play in shaping school environments and professional cultures, it is essential that school leaders show commitment to organizational transformation, while developing the skills required to confront varying degrees of white resistance.
The Effect of Respiratory Muscle Training on Swallowing Function in Patients With Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Hao Xiaonan , Yang Yuhang , Qin Yuan , Lv Miaohua , Zhao Xuetong , Wu Shuang , Li Kun 
Published: March 2024

Background: The improvement of swallowing function after stroke is a significant challenge faced by patients and health care professionals. However, the current evidence synthesis of the effects of respiratory muscle training (RMT) on swallowing function is limited. Objective: To assess the effectiveness of RMT on swallowing recovery in patients undergoing stroke. Methods: The CKNI, WanFang Data, PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, Embase, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for studies evaluating RMT interventions’ effect on swallowing outcomes. Risks of bias were evaluated using the approach recommended by the Cochrane Collaboration tool and a summary of findings table was generated using the GRADE approach. Outcomes were synthesized using a random-effects meta-analysis model. Results: RMT interventions reduced the risk of aspiration (SMD = 1.19; 95% CI, 0.53-1.84), the recovery process of water swallowing function (RR = 1.22; 95% CI, 1.05-1.42), and the activity of the swallowing muscles (SMD = 2.91; 95% CI, 2.22-3.61). However, there was no significant effect of RMT on the functional level of oral intake (SMD = 0.70; 95% CI, −0.03 to 1.42). Conclusions: RMT can be regarded as an innovative, auxiliary means in the near future to better manage and improve swallowing function, given its improving effect on work outcomes in this review.
Genetic predisposition to early mycosis fungoides: investigating genetic polymorphisms in tissue-resident memory T-cell genes
Authors: Almaani Nour , Farhan Fatima , Bani Hamad Salsabiela , Abuhawileh Eman A , Koubaitary Lana , Ahram Mamoun , Aladily Tariq N 
Published: March 2024

Objectives Mycosis fungoides (MF) is the most common cutaneous T-cell lymphoma; it arises from tissue-resident memory T-cells (TRM). In the present study, we investigated potential functional genetic variations that may predispose MF development. Methods A case–control study was conducted using whole-exome sequencing, with a focus on genes that are essential to TRM function. Results We included 21 patients and 19 healthy subjects in the study. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the following genes were significantly more common in patients than in healthy subjects: GZMB, HLA-DRB1, CD103, and NOTCH1. Moreover, the number of patients carrying single nucleotide polymorphisms in LAG3, NR4A2, and CD26L was significantly greater in the patient group than in the control group. Conclusions The presence of genetic variations in one or more TRM functional gene may predispose patients to develop MF. Further studies involving a larger patient population and a comparative analysis of protein expression will be necessary to validate these findings.
The Sprint Mechanics Assessment Score: A Qualitative Screening Tool for the In-field Assessment of Sprint Running Mechanics
Authors: Bramah Christopher , Tawiah-Dodoo Jonas , Rhodes Samantha , Elliott Joshua D. , Dos’Santos Thomas 
Published: March 2024

Background: Qualitative movement screening tools provide a practical method of assessing mechanical patterns associated with potential injury development. Biomechanics play a role in hamstring strain injury and are recommended as a consideration within injury screening and rehabilitation programs. However, no methods are available for the in-field assessment of sprint running mechanics associated with hamstring strain injuries. Purpose: To investigate the intra- and interrater reliability of a novel screening tool assessing in-field sprint running mechanics titled the Sprint Mechanics Assessment Score (S-MAS) and present normative S-MAS data to facilitate the interpretation of performance standards for future assessment uses. Study Design: Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Maximal sprint running trials (35 m) were recorded from 136 elite soccer players using a slow-motion camera. All videos were scored using the S-MAS by a single assessor. Videos from 36 players (18 men and 18 women) were rated by 2 independent assessors blinded to each other's results to establish interrater reliability. One assessor scored all videos in a randomized order 1 week later to establish intrarater reliability. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) based on single measures using a 2-way mixed-effects model, with absolute agreement with 95% CI and kappa coefficients with percentage agreements, were used to assess the reliability of the overall score and individual score items, respectively. T-scores were calculated from the means and standard deviations of the male and female groups to present normative data values. The Mann-Whitney U test and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test were used to assess between-sex differences and between-limb differences, respectively. Results: The S-MAS showed good intrarater (ICC, 0.828 [95% CI, 0.688-0.908]) and interrater (ICC, 0.799 [95% CI, 0.642-0.892]) reliability, with a standard error of measurement of 1 point. Kappa coefficients for individual score items demonstrated moderate to substantial intra- and interrater agreement for most parameters, with percentage agreements ranging from 75% to 88.8% for intrarater and 66.6% to 88.8% for interrater reliability. No significant sex differences were observed for overall scores, with mean values of 4.2 and 3.8 for men and women, respectively ( P = .27). Conclusion: The S-MAS is a new tool developed for assessing sprint running mechanics associated with lower limb injuries in male and female soccer players. The reliable and easy-to-use nature of the S-MAS means that this method can be integrated into practice, potentially aiding future injury screening and research looking to identify athletes who may demonstrate mechanical patterns potentially associated with hamstring strain injuries.