bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Risk of Depressive Symptoms Increases in Radiographic Axial
Spondyloarthritis Patients with Acute Anterior Uveitis
Authors: Wu Peiyu , Chen Zehu , Fang Xueling , Chen Yilan , Li Xuegang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background This study aimed to assess the psychological status of
radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (r-axSpA) patients with/without acute
anterior uveitis (AAU) and to investigate whether the emotional status was
different and associated with disease activity and other clinical variables.
Patients and Methods This cross-sectional study included a total of 145
r-axSpA in-patients who fulfilled the modified New York criteria for ankylosing
spondylitis. AAU was established by ophthalmologists. Clinical variables were
collected from patient charts. All patients received a comprehensive
rheumatologic assessment for disease activity, including the Bath Ankylosing
Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) and the Ankylosing Spondylitis
Disease Activity Score (ASDAS). The Short Form (SF)-36 Health Survey, the
revised Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and the revised Self-Rating Depression
Scale (SDS) were applied to all participants by psychiatrists.
Results Fifty-seven patients were diagnosed as having the first onset of
AAU. Compared with the group of r-axSpA without AAU, the risk of depressive
symptoms was higher in the group of r-axSpA with AAU (p=0.008). However, there
was no significant difference in terms of the risk of anxious symptoms between
these groups (p=0.868). In addition, r-axSpA patients with AAU had higher scores
of ASDAS-C-reactive protein (ASDAS-CRP) but lower scores of ASDAS-erythrocyte
sedimentation rate (ASDAS-ESR) (p=0.032 and p=0.019). Furthermore, there was a
negative correlation between SDS scores and duration in r-axSpA patients with
AAU. Among all patients, the group of r-axSpA with depressive symptoms had
increased CRP levels and ASDAS-CRP scores and lower vitality in SF-36.
Conclusion The risk of depressive symptoms increases in r-axSpA patients
with AAU. Moreover, r-axSpA patients with uveitis had a higher disease activity
as measured by ASDAS-CRP. Physicians should pay more attention to depressive
symptoms and AAU in addition to the disease of r-axSpA itself.
Peripartale COVID-19-bedingte Restriktionen und psychische
Belastungen – eine quantitative Erhebung in Österreich
Authors: Simon Imola , König-Bachmann Martina , Wimmer-Puchinger Beate , Zenzmaier Christoph 
Published: April 2024

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Die Zeit von Schwangerschaft bis Wochenbett stellt eine
vulnerable Zeit mit einem erhöhten Risiko für psychische Erkrankungen dar. Die
COVID-19 Pandemie führte zu Einschränkungen in der peripartalen Versorgung, wie
Infektionsschutzmaßnahmen, oder Beschränkungen betreffend Begleitpersonen.
Material und Methoden Auswirkungen der COVID-19-bedingten Restriktionen
auf Psyche und Wohlbefinden während der Peripartalzeit in Österreich wurden
retrospektiv mit einem teilstandardisierten Online-Fragebogen erhoben. Dieser
enthielt neben geschlossene Fragen zu Restriktionen und der Psychischen
Belastung auch die Edinburgh-Postnatal-Depressions-Skala (EPDS).
Ergebnisse Daten von 850 Frauen, die während der Pandemie geboren hatten,
wurden in die Auswertung einbezogen. Bei 8,5% kam es zu Terminabsagen in der
Vorsorge, 10,7% mussten während der Geburt einen Mund-Nasen-Schutz tragen. Jede
10. Frau musste die Geburt, jede 5. das Wochenbett ohne Begleitperson
bewältigen. Unbegleitete Frauen fühlten sich während der Geburt signifikant
weniger häufig gut aufgehoben, im Wochenbett häufiger allein, und hatten laut
EPDS-Score häufiger (39% vs. 20%; p<0,001) eine hohe Wahrscheinlichkeit für
das Vorhandensein einer postpartalen Depression.
Schlussfolgerungen Die pandemiebedingten Restriktionen führten während der
Peripartalzeit zu Ängsten, Sorgen, Einsamkeit und zu einem erhöhten Risiko für
eine Depression. Das Gleichgewicht der psychischen Gesundheit wurde durch
Maßnahmen und Beschränkungen negativ beeinflusst. Es bedarf auch in
Pandemiezeiten mehr Augenmerk auf die vulnerable Peripartalzeit.
Versorgung und Betreuung gleichgeschlechtlicher Frauenpaare während
Schwangerschaft und Geburt
Authors: Schildberger Barbara , Weglehner-Pilgerstorfer Melanie , Christl-Sebinger Sarah 
Published: April 2024

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Gleichgeschlechtliche Frauenpaaren haben seit 2015 in
Österreich die Möglichkeit, ihrem Kinderwunsch mit Hilfe von Leistungen der
Reproduktionsmedizin nachkommen. Diese Arbeit hat zum Ziel, die Bedürfnisse der
Frauen sowie die Besonderheiten der Betreuung von Frauen in Paarbeziehungen
während Schwangerschaft und Geburt zu eruieren.
Methodik Mittels eines teilstrukturierten Leitfadens wurden acht
Interviews mit österreichischen Frauenpaare in gleichgeschlechtlichen
Beziehungen geführt. Die Rekrutierung der Frauen erfolgte mittels convenience
sample über einen Verein und Mundpropaganda. Die Inhaltsanalyse der erhobenen
Daten erfolgte anhand der empfohlenen Vorgehensweise nach Mayring.
Ergebnisse Bei der geburtshilflichen Begleitung von gleichgeschlechtlichen
Frauenpaaren wird offensichtlich, dass der üblich verwendete Sprachgebrauch
unpassend wird und Alternativen des Vaterbegriffes wie z. B. der Begriff
Co-Mutter unzureichend etabliert sind. Offenheit, Akzeptanz und Verständnis
sowie als ganzheitliche Familie gesehen zu werden, gelten als wichtige
Voraussetzungen zur Verbesserung der Versorgungsqualität. Darüber hinaus wird
die Inklusion der nicht schwangeren Mutter als wesentlich erachtet. Frauenpaare
wünschen, trotz ihrer nicht traditionellen Paarbeziehung, eine Betreuung ohne
Sonderstellung und Vorurteile.
Diskussion und Schlussfolgerung Es bedarf noch eines umfassenden
sozial-politischen Diskurses, um die Normalität von Familienmodellen jenseits
der Heteronormativität zu fördern. Eine vorurteilsfreie, supportive
geburtshilfliche Betreuung kann Regenbogenfamilien einen Rahmen bieten, in denen
sich Kinder von Beginn an gesund entwickeln können.
An Update on Curing Coma Campaign
Authors: Kim Keri S. , Polizzotto Leonard , Suarez Jose I. , Olson DaiWai M. , Hemphill J. Claude , Mainali Shraddha 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe Curing Coma Campaign (CCC) and its contributing collaborators identified multiple key areas of knowledge and research gaps in coma and disorders of consciousness (DoC). This step was a crucial effort and essential to prioritize future educational and research efforts. These key areas include defining categories of DoC, assessing DoC using multimodal approach (e.g., behavioral assessment tools, advanced neuroimaging studies), discussing optimal clinical trials' design and exploring computational models to conduct clinical trials in patients with DoC, and establishing common data elements to standardize data collection. Other key areas focused on creating coma care registry and educating clinicians and patients and promoting awareness of DoC to improve care in patients with DoC. The ongoing efforts in these key areas are discussed.
Neurology Training and Medical Education in Resource-Limited Settings: Building and Growing the First Neurology Residency Program in East Africa
Authors: Belay Hanna D. , Gebrewold Meron A. , Ayele Biniyam A. , Oda Dereje M. , Kelemu Fikru T. , Zewde Yared Z. , Melkamu Selam K. , Wuhib Mehila Z. , Gugssa Seid A. , Mengesha Abenet T. , Metaferia Guta Z. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe burden of neurological disease disproportionately affects low- and middle-income countries, where the lowest number of neurologists are located. Building local training opportunities in resource-limited settings is a foundational step to enhancing the neurological workforce and improving access to neurological care in these regions. In this article, we describe the development and growth of the first neurology residency program in East Africa, which was established in 2006 at Zewditu Memorial Hospital and the Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia. We highlight the impact of the program on clinical care, research, collaborations between neurologists across Ethiopia, and ways to build educational opportunities and mentorship while faced with limited resources. The main challenges in starting the residency program included lack of faculty with neurological expertise, lack of a precedent for subspecialty training in our setting, as well as limited resources and space. The formation of sustainable international collaborations with clinicians at established institutions in high-income countries and neurological societies has been a major source of support in developing the initial infrastructure, curriculum and educational content, knowledge assessments, and mentored research projects. Local partnerships with related medical specialties, including internal medicine, critical care, neurological surgery, and psychiatry, were also instrumental in creating training opportunities. As the program continues to evolve, many challenges remain, including limited diagnostics, lack of access to advanced treatment modalities, lack of fellowship training opportunities in various neurological subspecialties, and insufficient training and experience in scientific writing. Despite these challenges, the residency program has persevered and its creation resulted in many positive changes: since its inception in 2006, we graduated 80 neurologists and the number of practicing neurologists in Ethiopia has increased from 5 to 78, our institution has evolved into a national referral center for neurology, graduates have published 61 articles in the past 3 years and contributed to international neurology research, and alumni of the program have grown the Association of Ethiopian Neurologists. Future directions include development of fellowship opportunities, creation of international rotations, and implementation of teleneurology to further strengthen neurological care across Ethiopia.
Dual-band flexible metamaterial absorber working in 5G band
Authors: Zhu Jianfei , Gao Guoliang , Lai Weien 
Published: April 2024

This article presents a thin and flexible artificial electromagnetic absorber with two absorption peaks at frequencies of 28 and 39 GHz for 5G communication. Copper and a flexible FR4 substrate are used in a pyramid-shaped layered configuration, achieving absorption rates exceeding 99% at 28 and 39 GHz. The thickness of the proposed structure is only 0.34 mm, which is ∼1/32 and 1/23 of the corresponding free-space wavelengths at the absorption frequencies. Due to its symmetric structure, the absorber is polarization-insensitive. Furthermore, the proposed structure exhibits over 90% absorption within the incident angle range of −45° to 45°. To investigate its absorption mechanism, the electric field and magnetic field distributions at the absorption frequencies were analyzed. Then a 150 × 150 mm2 sample was fabricated using printed circuit board manufacturing techniques. This sample was placed on flat or curved surfaces and tested under normal or oblique incidences. The experimental results were consistent with the simulated results, confirming the feasibility of the design. This absorber can be applied in 5G communication and millimeter-wave imaging.
Fecundity and egg output by Toxocara canis in the red fox, Vulpes vulpes
Authors: Richards D.T. , Lewis J.W. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe role of the red fox Vulpes vulpes in the dissemination of eggs of Toxocara canis into the environment is considered with reference to female worm fecundity and egg output in the faeces of infected foxes collected from four localities in southern England. A significant positive correlation was found between female worm size and the number of eggs in the uterus but there was no significant relationship between T. canis worm numbers and egg output in fox faeces. Reliable estimates of worm burdens in foxes could not, therefore, be determined from faecal egg counts alone. The highest mean egg output of 2145.0 epg recorded from adult foxes indicated that fox cubs are not necessarily the main sources of environmental contamination with T. canis eggs. Saturated magnesium sulphate was found to be a more effective flotation solution than zinc sulphate and sodium chloride for recovering eggs from fox faecal samples.
The influence of inoculum size and time post-infection on the number and position of Toxocara canis larvae recovered from the brains of outbred CD1 mice
Authors: Good B. , Holland C.V. , Stafford P. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractOutbred CD1 mice were administered doses of 1000 and 3000 Toxocara canis eggs and postmortem took place on days 7, 42 and 120 post-infection. Mice were killed by cervical dislocation and brains were sagitally bisected and fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin prior to histological preparation and examination. The number of T. canis larvae were counted per brain and per section and the number of larvae cited for the first time per section were also recorded. These observations were compared by dose administered and by day of postmortem. The total number of larvae per brain and per section was higher for the 3000 dose compared to the 1000 dose. A different pattern emerged for the number of larvae observed in the brain over the three postmortem days depending upon the dose received. For the 1000 dose larval numbers increase from day 7 to day 120 whereas for the 3000 dose the opposite trend occurs. Larvae were assigned to one of five regions in the brain – the telencephalon, diencephalon, cerebellum, medulla, pons and brain stem and the olfactory bulb. Larvae did not show a random distribution in the brain. The majority of larvae were recorded from the telencephalon and the cerebellum. The percentage of sections with larvae in them is higher for the 3000 dose compared to the 1000 dose for all regions of the brain. For the majority of regions, the percentage of sections with larvae in them increases between day 7 and 42 and then decreases by day 120 and this is most pronounced for the cerebellum. For the telencephalon and diencephalon only, more larvae were detected on the right hand side of the brain compared to the left hand side. Statistical analysis revealed that dose and brain region are significant factors which influence the number of larvae observed in histological sections of the brain but day post-infection is not.
Poles and residues of lossy and dispersive electromagnetic metamaterials
Authors: Aladadi Yosef T , Alkanhal Majeed A S 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This paper proposes a system-based pole-residue approach to describe loss and dispersion in double-positive (DPS), epsilon-negative (ENG), and epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) isotropic metamaterials. The matrix pencil (MP) method extracts the poles and residues from the damped sinusoids of the singular expansion (SEM) of the impulse responses of the transmitted and reflected waves. The complex values of poles and residues serve as a basis for a computational tool to discriminate between lossless, lossy, and dispersive materials. The extracted poles and residues can also be used to classify the material under test as a DPS, an ENG, or an ENZ metamaterial. The proposed method delivers reliable results even with noisy transmission and reflection data.
Unraveling the effects of non-parabolicity on electron energy levels in InP/InAs/InP heterostructures
Authors: Davlatov A , Gulyamov G , Nabiyev A , Feddi E , Feddi K , Abdukarimov A , Botirjonov A 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In this research, electron energy levels were calculated analytically using Nelson’s formula, the shooting method, and Garrett’s formula for effective mass. These calculations were performed for a rectangular finite deep potential well, focusing on the InP/InAs/InP heterostructure, which is a narrow-bandgap semiconductor system. Our results demonstrate that the nonparabolicity of the dispersion has a more significant effect on higher energy levels compared to lower ones, with deviations of up to 15% for the third energy level. An equation estimating the number of observable energy levels in the potential well is suggested, revealing that considering nonparabolicity leads to a 20% increase in the number of levels compared to the parabolic dispersion case. The relationship between the widths of infinite and finite potential wells for equivalent energy levels follows a linear behaviour, with bonding coefficients ranging from 95,93% to 97,49% and a maximum difference of 1.5% between parabolic and non-parabolic cases. The transcendental equation for the energy levels is linearized, yielding a fourth-order equation that provides results within 98% accuracy compared to the original equation. These findings contribute to the understanding of the energy distribution in InP/InAs/InP heterostructures with a view to their application in optoelectronic devices such as lasers, light-emitting diodes
Structural and optical properties of highly Ag-doped TiO2 thin films prepared by flash thermal evaporation
Authors: Amrani Rachid , Lekoui Fouaz , Garoudja Elyes , Zenati Yacine , Hamri Asma , Filali Walid , Meziane Lila , Kezzoula Faouzi , Oussalah Slimane , Hassani Salim 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The present study investigates the structural and optical properties of silver (Ag)-doped titanium dioxide (TiO2) thin films prepared via flash thermal evaporation using TiO2 and Ag powders mixture at various mass ratios. The crystallinity and surface morphology of the films were studied by varying the percentage of Ag content. Structural properties were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), while optical properties were assessed through optical transmission spectra analysis. Results indicate that Ag doping enhances crystallinity, as evidenced by XRD and Raman spectroscopy, and induces surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption attributed to Ag nanoparticles. SEM micrographs reveal agglomerated silver particles on the film surface, confirming Ag diffusion during annealing. Surface analysis through Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) measurements illustrated the diffusion of Ag within the TiO2 samples and its subsequent accumulation at the surface. We have suggested that the crystallization observed in the evaporated TiO2-Ag thin films may primarily result from the thermal diffusion of Ag metal rather than the annealing process alone. Optical transmission spectra demonstrate a shift in the absorption edge towards the visible region with increasing Ag concentration, indicating enhanced light absorption properties.
Collision-aware deflection model for boundary-constrained intersecting pedestrian streams
Authors: Zhan Zhonghao , Song Weiguo , Zhang Jun 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We propose a new model of boundary-constrained intersecting pedestrian flow based on the collision-free velocity model, named the collision-aware deflection model (CADM). The movement of pedestrians in the new model depends on the positions and velocities of other pedestrians ahead. A pedestrian walks in the desired direction at a free speed until an obstacle appears in the desired direction. When there is an obstacle in the desired direction, pedestrians tend to choose the direction with the smallest deflection angle. When the decision of a pedestrian conflicts with the movement of the nearest neighbor in front, the pedestrian stops moving. Comparing CADM with other models, the evacuation time of CADM during the simulation is very close to the time in the experiment. CADM also successfully reproduced the stripe phenomenon in boundary-constrained intersecting pedestrian streams, which was difficult to accomplish with the compared model. CADM also inherits several advantages of the original model, in that it can reproduce the corresponding self-organization phenomena in straight corridors and bottlenecks.
Aerodynamic and Flow Characteristics of a Rough Airfoil: A Numerical Study
Authors: Rafat Tanzim , Shuchi Tanjim Zahin , Evan Faizur Rahman , Rabby Insiat Islam 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
A computational study explores the aerodynamic and flow properties of rough-surfaced NACA-0018 airfoils using turbulent K-omega SST methodology and the control volume method. Ansys Fluent 2022 R2 was used to do the simulations, and Reynolds numbers between 5000 and 10000 were used. The analysis of how the rough surface affects the performance of the airfoil was the main goal of the study. The skin friction coefficient, drag force, lift force, pressure contours, and stream functions were among the many variables assessed. To have a thorough understanding of the flow behavior, these parameters were studied at various Reynolds numbers. The findings revealed a clear pattern: along the wall of the airfoil, the average drag force, lift force, and skin friction coefficient all increased linearly as the Reynolds number rose from 5000 to 10000. This discovery sheds important light on how the rough surface affects the overall aerodynamic performance of the airfoil. This study advances knowledge of the aerodynamic behavior of rough airfoils by illuminating the flow characteristics and their relationship to surface roughness. Significant results impact aeronautics, wind turbine design, and other airfoil applications.
Laminar Convective Heat Transfer Across a Circular Pipe by using MWCNT + Fe3O4 Hybrid Nanofluid: A Numerical Study
Authors: Rashid Mahatab Bin , Islam Nafiul , Rabby Insiat Islam 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
MWCNT + Fe3O4 - water hybrid nanofluid’s heat transfer due to convection through a pipe was studied numerically and presented in this paper. Using the ANSYS FLUENT 22 software, the single phase energy equation of second order, momentum equation, and mass equation are all solved. The diameter of the pipe was 4mm and lthe lengthwas 800mm. Water which was considered the base fluid was used with different volume fractions (0% to t%) of MWCNT + Fe3O4 nanoparticles for a wide variety of Reynolds number (300 to 1000) at a steady heat flux of 2000 W/m2 at the wall of the tubes. The result demonstrates that for both MWCNT + Fe3O4 -H2O nanofluid and water, increasing Reynolds number increases the Surface Nusselt number, skin friction coefficient and also the pressure loss in the evolved region.
Development process of composite polymer tiles with an antimicrobial agent using plastic wastes as raw materials
Authors: Uddin M S , Abedin M Z , Rashid A B 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Plastic is a delinquent substance that affects all ecosystems. Unfortunately, plastic is being utilized more frequently than it was previously used. The bad dispatch is that they are thrown away in the wild once they have been used. Their buildup does not degrade, and it is harmful to the environment. An appropriate procedure for recovering plastic wastes and converting them into standardized material to produce composite tiles with their application can be a viable solution to this dangerous situation. The paper aims to find an effective means of disposing of plastic waste by designing and developing plastic tiles with the insertion of antimicrobial properties. At first, plastic waste was collected, cleaned, and shredded accordingly. Then the waste plastic is melted in a pyrolysis plant, mixed with sand, and poured into the prefabricated mold. As a walkway tile, the mold size was chosen as 12-inch length, 10-inch width, and 0.8-inch height. It has been found that 70 % sand and 30 % plastic exhibit better mechanical properties. For the insertion of antimicrobial properties into the tiles, ginger powder is added to the mixture of the composite tiles. An antibacterial study was performed against gram-positive S. aureus bacteria to evaluate their antimicrobial property. The analysis shows that the composite tiles could kill 40.58% gram-positive S. aureus in six hours.