bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intraosseous delivery of paclitaxel-loaded hydroxyapatitealginate composite beads delaying paralysis caused by metastatic spine cancer in rats
Authors: Abe Tetsuya , Sakane Masataka , Ikoma Toshiyuki , Kobayashi Mihoko , Nakamura Satoshi , Ochiai Naoyuki 
Published: November 2008

Object
Bone is frequently the first site and the only site of breast cancer at recurrence. Local control is important especially for metastatic spine cancer, because epidural spinal cord compression is significantly associated with the quality of life and survival of these patients. The authors have developed a local delivery system of paclitaxel in the form of hydroxyapatite-alginate composite beads. This study was conducted to clarify the therapeutic effect in a rat model of metastatic spine cancer.

Methods
Twenty-one rats with metastatic spine cancer were divided into 3 groups: a local treatment group (6 rats), a systemic treatment group (9 rats), and a control group (6 rats). The hind-limb motor function of the animals was monitored daily by using the Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan scale. The authors monitored the disease-free time and survival times. The log-rank test was used to define statistically significant differences between the 3 groups.

Results
The animals in the control group developed hind-limb paralysis at a mean of 10.8 days and died at a mean of 16.0 days. The animals treated with 2.4 wt% of paclitaxel-loaded hydroxyapatite-alginate composite beads (the local treatment group) showed a 140–150% increase in the disease-free time and survival time compared with that of the control group. Although an ~ 30-fold higher dosage of paclitaxel was administered, the therapeutic effect was not evident in the systemic treatment group.

Conclusions
Intraosseous delivery of paclitaxel-loaded hydroxyapatite-alginate composite beads delayed paralysis caused by metastatic spine cancer in rats. The results indicate that intraosseous chemotherapy may provide an effective local treatment of metastatic spine cancer.
An improved branch‐and‐cut algorithm for mixed‐integer nonlinear systems optimization problem
Authors: Zhu Yushan , Hu Yijiong , Wu Hao , Nakaiwa Masaru 
Published: November 2008

AbstractRecent advances for global optimization and dynamic optimization of the mixed‐integer systems have created an increasing demand for efficient and robust numerical algorithms for mixed‐integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) problem. In this article, an improved branch‐and‐cut algorithm for 0‐1 MINLP problems has been proposed by using our former critical finding (Zhu and Kuno, Ind Eng Chem Res. 2006;45:187–196) of the disjunctive cutting plane for 0‐1 MINLP. By virtue of the polyhedral outer approximation of the mixed‐integer nonlinear set of the original MINLP problem at each enumeration node, a lift‐and‐project cutting planes that is valid for the original MINLP problem and cuts the fractional solution away can be generated by using the cut generating, lifting, and strengthening approach for MILP problem of Balas et al. (Math Program. 1993;58:295–324). The specific implementation issues of the cutting planes are discussed and incorporated into the algorithmic development of a branch‐and‐cut algorithm. The efficiency of the improved disjunctive cutting plane is demonstrated by the computational results for 11 systems optimization problems, and it is implied that the proposed branch‐and‐cut algorithm is very promising for practical MINLP problems as the interior‐point solvers for nonlinear programming problems with many constraints are becoming mature gradually. © 2008 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2008
Policy analysis of the ‘MPA‐process’ in temperate continental shelf areas
Authors: Rabaut Marijn , Degraer Steven , Schrijvers Jan , Derous Sofie , Bogaert Dirk , Maes Frank , Vincx Magda , Cliquet An 
Published: November 2008

Abstract
The decision to designate, implement and manage marine protected areas (MPAs) is often made ad hoc without clear guiding procedures. This study evaluates the process of establishment and management of MPAs in temperate soft‐bottom marine areas, including identification of objectives, site selection, designation, implementation, ecological effectiveness and socio‐economic impacts.
For the first time, literature about marine conservation strategies in soft‐bottom temperate areas is brought together in one ‘systems approach’, which is visualized in a flow chart including three phases: setting policy objectives, making decisions and evaluating the eventual effects of the MPA. Policy objectives are generally easy to identify and in most cases national policy objectives are driven by international and regional legal obligations. The decision making process is the most complex phase, as the acceptance of MPAs has to be balanced against the human activities that take place in the area.
The relation between fisheries and MPA‐management appears to be most challenging in soft‐bottom temperate marine areas because of conflicting interests and institutional differences. Activities limited in space and not relying directly on ecosystem functions (e.g. offshore energy production and aggregate extraction) are generally easier to manage than fisheries.
The conceptual mapping exercise presented here serves as a basis for a systems approach for MPAs and has been tested for the Belgian coastal environment. In the Belgian ‘MPA‐process’, the application of the systems approach proves to be useful in providing insight into the complex interactions of various authorities with scattered jurisdictions.
The unified and simplified representation of the various aspects is (1) a useful communication tool for policy makers and managers to inform other sectors and the public at large and (2) a valuable support during the ‘MPA‐process’ that considerably enhances the prospects for success.
Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Skin disposition of menthol after its application in the presence of drug substances
Authors: Cal Krzysztof 
Published: November 2008

AbstractMany drug products that are applied onto the skin contain menthol. Menthol plays a dual role in the analgesic and anti‐inflammatory drugs: it causes cooling and local anesthetic effects and, being a penetration enhancer, it increases the skin permeation of the drug substances. However, there are no data concerning the skin penetration of menthol after its application in the most commonly used vehicles and in the presence of drug substances. Therefore, this study evaluated the ex vivo skin disposition of menthol after application of the commercially available drug products containing aluminum acetotartrate, methyl salicylate, ibuprofen and naproxen, using full human‐skin mounted in flow‐through diffusion cells. After 15, 30 and 60 min of application, the skin was progressively tape‐stripped into three fractions of stratum corneum and the remaining epidermis with dermis. The content of menthol in the skin layers was determined by GC method. Varying degrees of penetration of menthol into the skin layers was observed, depending on its amount in the vehicle and the presence of drug substance. In the presence of aluminum acetotartrate, the skin penetration of menthol was limited only to the outer fraction of the stratum corneum. In the case of drug products containing naproxen, the concentration of the drug substance significantly influenced the skin penetration of menthol. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fine‐grained record integration and linkage tool
Authors: Jurczyk Pawel , Lu James J. , Xiong Li , Cragan Janet D. , Correa Adolfo 
Published: November 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND:As part of the surveillance program to monitor the occurrence of birth defects in the metropolitan Atlanta area, we developed a record linkage software tool that provides latitude in the choice of linkage parameters, allows for efficient and accurate linkages, and enables objective assessments of the quality of the linked data.METHODS:We developed and implemented a Java‐based fine‐grained probabilistic record integration and linkage tool (FRIL) that incorporates a rich collection of record distance metrics, search methods, and analysis tools. Along its workflow, FRIL provides a rich set of user‐tunable parameters augmented with graphic visualization tools to assist users in understanding the effects of parameter choices. We used this software tool to link data from vital records (n= 1.25 million) with birth defects surveillance records (n= 12,700) from the metropolitan Atlanta Congenital Defects Program (MACDP) for the birth years 1967–2006.RESULTS:Compared with the data linkage performed by conventional algorithms, the data linkage of birth certificates with birth defect records in MACDP using FRIL was more efficient. The linkage based on FRIL was also accurate, showing 99% precision and 95% recall. Based on positive user feedback, new features continue to be developed, and the tool is being adopted in several other data linkage projects in MACDP.CONCLUSIONS:A software tool that allows significant user interaction and control, such as FRIL, can provide accurate data linkages for birth defect surveillance programs and allows an objective assessment of the quality of linked data. Birth Defects Research (Part A), 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Elucidation of Oxygenation Steps during Oviedomycin Biosynthesis and Generation of Derivatives with Increased Antitumor Activity
Authors: Lombó Felipe , Abdelfattah Mohamed S. , Braña Alfredo F. , Salas José A. , Rohr Jürgen , Méndez Carmen 
Published: November 2008

AbstractEight different angucyclinones have been produced in Streptomyces albus by combining three oxygenase genes together with the polyketide synthase and cyclases genes from the oviedomycin biosynthetic gene cluster from Streptomyces antibioticus ATCC 11891. Four of these compounds were fully characterized for the first time. Three of these angucyclinones—prejadomycin‐2‐carboxylate (2), 4a,12b‐dehydro‐UWM6 (5), and prejadomycin (3)—show a significant increase in their in vitro antitumor activity relative to oviedomycin (1). A hypothesis for the sequence of tailoring events catalyzed by these three oxygenases during oviedomycin biosynthesis is proposed. In this hypothesis OvmOII acts as a bifunctional oxygenase/dehydratase.
The link between sufficient conditions by Harshman and by Kruskal for uniqueness in Candecomp/Parafac
Authors: Ten Berge Jos M. F. , Tendeiro Jorge N. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractHarshman (UCLA Working Papers in Phonetics 1972; 22: 111–117) has given a proof of uniqueness (identification) of Parafac solutions, when two of the three component matrices are of full column rank, and the third satisfies a few other conditions. Kruskal has given more relaxed sufficient conditions, which do not require any of the component matrices to be of full column rank. However, even when two component matrices are of full column rank, Harshman's conditions on the third matrix are still less easily satisfied than Kruskal's. The present paper bridges the gap between the two sets of conditions by utilizing the possibilities of slice mixing in Harshman's approach. It offers an alternative uniqueness theorem that is sufficiently general for all practical purposes and easy to interpret, with a proof that is easy to understand. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Application of kinetic resolution using HCS as chiral auxiliary: Novel synthesis of β‐blockers (S)‐betaxolol and (S)‐metoprolol
Authors: Zhang Jing‐Yu , Liu Hong‐Min , Wang Xiao‐Jun , Wang Pei , Zheng Jia‐Xin 
Published: November 2008

AbstractOptically pure (S)‐betaxolol and (S)‐metoprolol were prepared with an extremely facile and practical method using kinetic resolution of β‐amino alcohols employing HCS as chiral auxiliary. High enantiomeric purity (ee > 99%) was achieved and the synthetic strategy is amenable to industrial scale‐up. Chirality, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hemisuccinate of 21‐Hydroxy‐6,19‐Epoxyprogesterone: A Tissue‐Specific Modulator of the Glucocorticoid Receptor
Authors: Álvarez Lautaro D. , Martí Marcelo A. , Veleiro Adriana S. , Misico Rosana I. , Estrin Darío A. , Pecci Adalí , Burton Gerardo 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe introduction of a hemisuccinate group at the 21‐position of the passive antiglucocorticoid 21OH‐6,19OP leads to a compound (21HS‐6,19OP) with a notable activity profile toward the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). In contrast to the parent steroid, 21HS‐6,19OP behaves as a pure agonist of GR activity in direct transactivation assays. However, the apoptotic effects of 21HS‐6,19OP show that the effect depends on cell type: while 21HS‐6,19OP is a pure agonist in L929 mouse fibroblasts, in thymocytes 21HS‐6,19OP had significant antiglucocorticoid activity. This tissue‐specific activity makes 21HS‐6,19OP a novel selective GR modulator. To investigate the molecular basis of action of 21HS‐6,19OP, we carried out molecular dynamics simulations (6 ns) of the GR ligand binding domain (LBD) complexed with 21HS‐6,19OP. Our results indicate that the hemisuccinate moiety may play a key role in stabilizing the active conformation of the receptor dimerization interface, reverting the changes observed with the antagonist 21OH‐6,19OP. Other changes in regions of the GR related to cofactor recruitment (possibly tissue‐specific), could explain this particular activity profile.
Tumor recurrence and malignant progression of gangliogliomas
Authors: Majores Michael , von Lehe Marec , Fassunke Jana , Schramm Johannes , Becker Albert J. , Simon Matthias 
Published: November 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND.Most gangliogliomas (GGs) are benign tumors, but tumor recurrence and malignant progression are observed in some patients.METHODS.The authors analyzed their experience with 4 recurrent/progressive GGs (World Health Organization [WHO] grade I), 21 tumors with atypical features (WHO grade II), and 5 tumors with anaplastic histologic features (WHO grade III). Histopathologic findings (23 patients) were reviewed. The mean follow‐up was 5.9 years (median, 4.5 years; range, 0.5‐14.7 years).RESULTS.The 5‐year survival rates were only 79% for patients who had tumors with atypical features and 53% for patients who had WHO grade III tumors. Secondary glioblastomas were diagnosed in 5 of 11 patients (45%) who underwent surgery for tumor recurrence. Age at surgery <40 years (P = .007) was associated significantly with better overall survival (OS), but it was not associated with better progression‐free survival (PFS). Clinical presentation (drug‐resistant epilepsy vs all other patients with seizures vs no seizures) was associated significantly with better OS (P = .005) and PFS (P < .001). Patients who had extratemporal tumors had a significantly shorter PFS (P = .01) but not OS. A complete resection was correlated strongly with both OS (P = .002) and PFS (P = .001). Neuropathologic examination revealed the presence of a gemistocytic cell component (PFS, P = .025), a lack of protein droplets (OS, P = .04; PFS, P = .05), and focal tumor cell‐associated CD34 immunolabeling (OS, P = .03) as significant predictors of an adverse clinical course.CONCLUSIONS.The current data supported a 3‐tiered GG histopathologic grading system that included an intermediate diagnostic category (atypical GG, WHO grade II). Careful attention to histopathologic findings and clinical parameters usually will identify patients who are at risk for an adverse clinical course. Cancer 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society.
Prenatal behavior of the C57BL/6J mouse: A promising model for human fetal movement during early to mid‐gestation
Authors: Kleven Gale A. , Ronca April E. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe study of fetal neurobehavioral development in genetically altered mice promises a significant advance in our understanding of the prenatal origins of developmental disabilities in humans. Despite their importance, little is known about fetal neurobehavioral development in mice. In this study, we observed prenatal behavioral patterns of the C57BL/6J mouse, a common background strain for genetically altered mice, and report their similarity to those observed in the early to mid‐gestation human fetus. Fetal offspring from pregnant C57BL/6J dams were observed on the day before birth (E18 of a 19‐day gestation). Scoring and analysis of fetal movement included Prechtl's Method for Qualitative Assessment, Interlimb Movement Synchrony, a measure of the temporal relationship between movements of limb pairs, and Behavioral State, quantified through detailed analysis of high and low amplitude limb movements. With the exception of fetal breathing movements, all categories and patterns of behavior typically reported in the early to mid‐gestation human fetus were observed in the C57BL/6J mouse fetus. Our results suggest that behavioral analysis of fetal C57BL/6J mice may yield important new insights into early to mid‐gestation human behavioral development. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 51: 84–94, 2009
Electrochemical Biosensing for Cancer Cells Based on TiO2/CNT Nanocomposites Modified Electrodes
Authors: Shen Qin , You Sun‐Kyung , Park Soo‐Gil , Jiang Hui , Guo Dadong , Chen Baoan , Wang Xuemei 
Published: November 2008

AbstractBoth TiO2 nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes have been usually utilized to modify the electrodes to enhance the detection sensitivity of biomolecular recognition. In this research, novel TiO2/CNT nanocomposites have been prepared and doped on the carbon paper as the modified electrodes. Subsequently, the redox behavior of the ferricyanide probe and the surface properties of the cancer cells coated on the modified electrodes have been investigated by using electrochemical and contact angle measurements. Compared with electrochemical signals on bare carbon paper and nanocomposite modified substrates, the significantly enhanced electrochemical signals on the modified electrodes covered with cancer cells have been observed. Meanwhile, different leukemia cells (i.e., K562/ADM cells and K562/B.W. cells) could be also recognized because of their different electrochemical behavior and hydrophilic/hydrophobic features on the modified electrodes due to the specific components on the plasma membranes of the target cells. This new strategy may have potential application in the development of the biocompatible and multi‐signal responsive biosensors for the early diagnosis of cancers.
Galvanostatic Entrapment of Sulfite Oxidase into Ultrathin Polypyrrole Films for Improved Amperometric Biosensing of Sulfite
Authors: Ameer Qaisar , Adeloju Samuel B. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe entrapment of sulfite oxidase (SOx) into ultrathin polypyrrole (PPy) films of 27–135 nm thickness has been successfully used for amperometric biosensing of sulfite with considerably improved performance. Optimum galvanostatic entrapment was accomplished in an electrolyte‐free solution which contained 0.1 M pyrrole and 5 U/mL of SOx with a polymerization period of 120 seconds and an applied current density of 0.2 mA cm−2. Evidence of the incorporation and retention of SOx in the ultrathin PPy film was obtained by scanning electron microscopy, cyclic voltammetry and amperometric measurements. Entrapment of the enzyme in a 54 nm thick PPy‐SOx film gave optimum amperometric response for sulfite and enabled the detection of as little as 0.9 μM of sulfite with a linear concentration range of 0.9 to 400 μM. The successful application of the biosensor to the determination of sulfite in beer and wine samples is reported. Comparison with a spectrophotometric method indicates that the biosensor was more superior for the determination of sulfite in red wine.
Overexpression of HMGA2 in uterine leiomyomas points to its general role for the pathogenesis of the disease
Authors: Klemke Markus , Meyer Anke , Nezhad Maliheh Hashemi , Bartnitzke Sabine , Drieschner Norbert , Frantzen Christiane , Schmidt Ernst Heinrich , Belge Gazanfer , Bullerdiek Jörn 
Published: November 2008

AbstractAn overexpression of HMGA2 is supposed to be a key event in the genesis of leiomyoma with chromosomal rearrangements affecting the region 12q14‐15 targeting the HMGA2 gene, but gene expression data regarding differences between uterine leiomyomas with and those without 12q14‐15 aberrations are insufficient. To address the question whether HMGA2 is only upregulated in the 12q14‐15 subgroup, the expression of HMGA2 was analyzed in a comprehensive set of leiomyomas (n = 180) including tumors with 12q14‐15 chromosomal aberrations (n = 13) and matching myometrial tissues (n = 51) by quantitative RT‐PCR. The highest expression levels for HMGA2 were observed in tumors with rearrangements affecting the region 12q14‐15, but although HMGA2 is expressed at lower levels in leiomyomas without such aberrations, the comparison between the expression in myomas and matching myometrial tissues indicates a general upregulation of HMGA2 regardless of the presence or absence of such chromosomal abnormalities. The significant (P < 0.05) overexpression of HMGA2 also in the group of fibroids without chromosomal aberrations of the 12q14‐15 region suggests a general role of HMGA2 in the development of the disease. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Phytoglycoprotein (150 kDa) isolated fromSolanum nigrumLinne has a preventive effect on dextran sodium sulfate‐induced colitis in A/J mouse
Authors: Joo Heon‐Yeong , Lim Kwang , Lim Kye‐Taek 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the preventive effect of glycoprotein (SNL glycoprotein, 150 kDa) isolated fromSolanum nigrumLinne fruits on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS, 3%)‐induced colitis in A/J mice. To determine the physiological change by SNL glycoprotein, we first evaluated nitric oxide production, lactate dehydrogenase release and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances formation in the mice serum. After that, we tested the activity of inflammation‐related signals such as transcriptional factor [nuclear factor‐kappa B (NF‐κB) and activator protein‐1 (AP‐1)], inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) in the mice colon tissues. Our results showed that SNL glycoprotein has a dose‐dependent inhibitory effect on nitric oxide production, lactate dehydrogenase release, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances formation. In the inflammation‐related signal, our finding showed that SNL glycoprotein (20 mg kg−1) has a suppressive effect on activities of NF‐κB (p50) and AP‐1 (c‐Jun), and regulates the expression of iNOS and COX‐2 in the downstream of signal pathway. Taken together, the results in this study indicated that SNL glycoprotein has potential for prevention of colitis caused by DSS in A/J mice. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.