bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Supramolecular Synthesis of Star Polymers
Authors: Haino Takeharu , Nitta Natsumi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSupramolecular polymers, in which monomers are assembled via intermolecular interactions, have been extensively studied. The fusion of supramolecular polymers with conventional polymers has attracted the attention of many researchers. In this review article, the recent progress in the construction of supramolecular star polymers, including regular star polymers and miktoarm star polymers, is discussed. The initial sections briefly provide an overview of the conventional classification and synthesis methods for star polymers. Coordination‐driven self‐assembly was investigated for the supramolecular synthesis of star polymers. Star polymers with multiple polymer chains radiating from metal‐organic polyhedra (MOPs) have also been described. Particular focus has been placed on the synthesis of star polymers featuring supramolecular cores formed through hydrogen‐bonding‐directed self‐assembly. After describing the synthesis of star polymers based on host‐guest complexes, the construction of miktoarm star polymers based on the molecular recognition of coordination capsules is detailed.
Robust damping control for integrated wind turbine power networks during low inertia condition
Authors: Kumar Rohit , Mohanty Soumya R. , Verma Mitresh Kumar 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis paper presents a modal analysis‐based impact analysis of the change in system inertia due to the integration of the large‐scale doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)‐based wind turbine system (WTS) on the power system damping in inter‐area oscillation modes. The impact of replacement of a synchronous generator by WTS of same MVA capacity on system dynamics such as emergence of new critical modes of inter‐area oscillations affecting system stability is studied. Further, a double‐channel
scheme‐based wide‐area damping controller (WADC) is proposed for WTS, which provides sufficient damping of prominent oscillation modes and enhanced stability margin to alleviate the negative impact of reduction in system inertia. The comparative assessment of the proposed controller with a PSS‐based WADC on a modified New England 10‐machine system validates the performance and is found to be more effective in mitigating inter‐area oscillation in the system. The real‐time feasibility of the proposed double‐channel
WADC is evaluated on the Real‐Time Digital Simulator (RTDS) platform. The simulation results show that the proposed WADC can successfully mitigate various inter‐area modes simultaneously. Furthermore, it provides robust performance for a variety of contingencies, time delays in feedback signals, and uncertainties associated with different operating scenarios of WTS.
Phenotypic spectrum in a family with a novel RAC2 p.I21S dominant‐activating mutation
Authors: Ashby Louisa , Chan Lydia , Winterbourn Christine , Woon See‐Tarn , Keating Paula , Heller Raoul , Ameratunga Rohan , Chua Ignatius , Hsiao Kuang‐Chih 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectivesDominant‐activating (DA) lesions in RAC2 have been reported in 18 individuals to date. Some have required haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) for their (severe) combined immunodeficiency syndrome phenotype. We aimed to investigate clinical and cellular features of a kindred harbouring a novel variant in RAC2 p.Ile21Ser (I21S) to better understand DA lesions' phenotypic spectrum.MethodsClinical and immunological information was collated for seven living individuals from the same kindred with RAC2 p.I21S. We evaluated neutrophil morphology, RAC2 protein expression and superoxide production using freshly isolated neutrophils stimulated with phorbol‐12‐myristate‐13‐acetate (PMA) and N‐formyl‐MetLeuPhe (fMLP).ResultsPatient 1 (P1, aged 11, male) has a history of bacterial suppurative otitis media, viral and bacterial cutaneous infections. P1's siblings (P2, P3), mother (P4), maternal aunt (P5) and uncle (P6) have similar infection histories. P1's maternal cousin (P7) presented with Burkitt's lymphoma at age 9. All affected individuals are alive and none has required HSCT to date. They have chronic lymphopenia affecting the CD4+T and B‐cell compartments. P1–3 have isolated reduction in IgM levels whereas the adults universally have normal immunoglobulins. Specific antibody responses are preserved. Affected individuals have neutrophil vacuolation, and their neutrophils have enhanced superoxide production compared to healthy controls.ConclusionRAC2 p.I21S is an activating variant causing notable morphological and functional abnormalities similar to other reported DA mutations. This novel variant expands the broad clinical phenotypic spectrum of RAC2 DA lesions, emphasising the need to tailor clinical management according to patients' disease phenotype and severity.
Assessing impacts of ecological restoration project on water retention function in the Taihang Mountain area, China
Authors: Wang Feng , Liu Jintong , Deng Wei , Fu Tonggang , Gao Hui , Qi Fei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe ecological restoration (ER) project significantly affects the water retention function in the Taihang Mountain area. However, a comprehensive understanding of the water retention effects in different ER project areas still needs to be improved. In this study, we employed the integrated valuation of ecosystem services and trade‐offs (InVEST) model to evaluate the differences in water retention among different ER project areas. Additionally, we used the structural equation model to explore the influence of various factors on water retention. The results showed the following: (1) The total amount of water retention in the Taihang Mountain area increased yearly from 2000 to 2020, with an 85.25% increase in 21 years. The water retention function showed a trend of transferring to a higher level. (2) The forest land restoration project showed the highest average water retention capacity, followed by the grassland restoration project, which together provided 61.12% of the water retention capacity in the ER areas. Forest land restoration project was found to have the most potential in improving water retention, while grassland restoration was more efficient. The water retention capacity of a 21‐year‐old artificial forest could only reach 70.92% of the natural forest. Cropland restoration mode increased the water retention by 22.85% compared with non‐ecological engineering areas. (3) The enhancement of water retention function in the study area resulted from multiple factors, among which precipitation and root depth were the most critical variables. (4) According to the structural equation model, the impact of natural factors on water retention accounted for 74.33%, and ecological engineering had a greater impact on water retention in the hilly zone. The ER project significantly increased water retention capacity. The results provide scientific support for improving water retention function and optimizing ER projects in semi‐arid areas of China.
Direct ortho‐Selective Amination of Naphthols with Nitroarenes through Transfer‐Hydrogenation
Authors: Ma Renchao , Zhang Ruiqin , Xia Huili , Wang Lei , Ma Yongmin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHydrogen atom transfer from commonly used solvents to nitroarenes occurred. Such solvents required C(sp3)H‐C(sp3)H bond adjacent to oxygen atoms, such as 1,4‐dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, alkanol, ethylene glycol, glycerol and bis(2‐methoxyethyl) ether. The transformation was transition‐metal free and the reduced nitroarenes were trapped by naphthols and their analogues at ortho‐position. The protocol provided a favourable and efficient route to access ortho‐arylaminonaphthols and a possible mechanism is depicted.
No effect of a commercial carbohydrate‐menthol drink on thermal perceptual measures or 15‐min time trial performance compared to commercial carbohydrate drink in hot humid conditions
Authors: Bray Patrick W. , Blacker Sam D. , West Andrew T. , Flood Tessa R. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study assessed the effect of a commercial carbohydrate menthol drink on cycling time trial (TT) performance in hot and humid conditions compared with a carbohydrate only drink. Ten participants (5 women; V̇O2max: 52.3 ± 8.6 mL kg−1 min−1, Peak Power Output: 286 ± 56 W) completed a 40‐min cycling preload (50% V̇O2max) followed by a 15‐min self‐paced TT in hot (∼35°C) and humid (∼54%) conditions on two occasions (double blind, crossover design). Every 10‐min, 85 mL of carbohydrate (CHO; SIS GO Energy, 60 g h−1) or carbohydrate and menthol (CHO + MEN; SIS Turbo+ 60 g h−1, 0.01% menthol) was swilled (∼10‐s) and ingested. Rectal temperature (Trec) and heart rate (HR) were recorded throughout. Thermal sensation (TS), thermal comfort (TC) and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were recorded every 5‐min. Taste and aftertaste were rated from very pleasant (+5) to very unpleasant (−5). TT performance (total work; kJ) was similar between CHO (153 kJ [95% CI: 129–177 kJ]) and CHO + MEN (151 kJ [128–178 kJ]). During preload exercise, Trec increased by ∼0.9°C and was similar at the end of the TT (∼38.20°C). Mean preload HR was ∼140 b min−1 in each condition and reached ∼177 b min−1 at the end of the TT. TC was rated as ‘much too warm’ and TS rated as ‘very hot’ in both conditions. Both conditions were ‘extremely hard’ (end point RPE ∼19). All participants preferred the taste and aftertaste of the CHO drink. The commercial carbohydrate menthol drink offered no additional ergogenic benefit compared to a carbohydrate only drink during cycling exercise performed in hot and humid conditions.
Revealing the Indispensable Role of the RFamide Functionality using a Novel Acid Labile Benzofuranone based Amine (ALBA) Linker
Authors: Mudd Gemma , Hendrikse Megan , Shave Steven , Houston Douglas R , Millar Robert P , Auer Manfred 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe RFamide family of peptides represents an important class of GPCR ligand neuropeptides covering a wide range of biological functions. While many analogues of the highly conserved C‐terminal RFamide motif within this peptide class have been synthesized and their functional significance elucidated, additional exploration of the structure activity relationship is of value. We have developed a novel linker for solid phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) which is able to anchor amine functionalised compounds for further elaboration. The acid labile benzofuranone based amine (ALBA) linker (5‐(3‐aminopropylcarbamoyl)‐2‐[[tert‐butyl(diphenyl)silyl]oxymethyl]benzoic acid) is compatible with Fmoc based SPPS and has two cleavage modes. As a proof of concept, the ALBA linker was used to successfully synthesise a novel analogue of Kisspeptin 10, the natural ligand for GPCR54, whereby the natural RFamide motif was replaced with an RFamine. Biological evaluation of the amine‐containing analogue revealed that the group is not compatible with receptor activation.
Identification and clinical value of a new ceRNA axis (TIMP3/hsa‐miR‐181b‐5p/PAX8‐AS1) in thyroid cancer
Authors: Liang Jiamin , Deng Yu , Zhang Yubi , Wu Bin , Zhou Jing 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundThyroid cancer (TC) is a prevalent and increasingly common malignant tumor. In most cases, TC progresses slowly and runs a virtually benign course. However, challenges remain with the treatment of refractory TC, which does not respond to traditional management or is subject to relapse or metastasis. Therefore, new therapeutic regimens for TC patients with poor outcomes are urgently needed.MethodsThe differentially expressed RNAs were identified from the expression profile data of RNA from TC downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Multiple databases were utilized to investigate the regulatory relationship among RNAs. Subsequently, a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network was established to elucidate the ceRNA axis that is responsible for the clinical prognosis of TC. To understand the potential mechanism of ceRNA axis in TC, location analysis, functional enrichment analysis, and immune‐related analysis were conducted.ResultsA ceRNA network of TC was constructed, and the TIMP3/hsa‐miR‐181b‐5p/PAX8‐AS1 ceRNA axis associated with the prognosis of TC was successfully identified. Our results showed that the axis might influence the prognosis of TC through its regulation of regulating tumor immunity.ConclusionsOur findings provide evidence that TIMP3/hsa‐miR‐181b‐5p/PAX8‐AS1 axis is significantly related to the prognosis of TC. The molecules involved in this axis may serve as novel therapeutic approaches for TC treatment.
Time to develop adverse drug reactions and associated factors among children HIV positive patients on antiretroviral treatment in North West Amhara Specialized Hospitals: Retrospective cohort study, 2022
Authors: Dagnaw Mequanente , Indracanti Meera , Geremew Bisrat Misganaw , Mekonnen Esubalew Asmare , Tekle Muluken , Muche Mulu , Gelaw Dagnachew Wassie , Amera Bogale Damtew 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntroductionAdverse drug reactions (ADRs) are harmful and unintended reactions to medicines given at standard doses through a proper route of administration for the purpose of prophylaxis, diagnosis, or treatment.ObjectiveThe objective of this research paper was to assess median time to development of ADRs and associated factors among children HIV positive patients on antiretroviral treatment (ART) in North West Amhara Specialized Hospitals.MethodsThe adverse drug effect survival time was estimated using the Kaplan–Meier survival method and log‐rank test curves was applied for analyze “time‐to‐event” data. Cox regression model was used to identify the associated factors. Adjusted hazard ratios with their respective 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated and a value of p less than 0.05 was used to declare the presence of a significant association.ResultThe overall incidence of ADRs was 0.67 (95% CI: 3.74–4.44) per 10,000 person‐year observation, with a median of 57 months. Adults are presenting with opportunistic Infections (OIs) experiences, baseline CD4 < 200 cells/µL counts, 1e, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate–lamivudine–efavirenz ART regimen, bedridden baseline functional status, World Health Organization (WHO) clinical stage II and III were notably associated with the incidence of ADRs development.ConclusionADRs were uncommon in this study. predictors, such as OIs experiences, a low CD4 count, ART regimen, an advanced WHO stage, and bedridden functional status were significantly associated with ADRs.
Health‐related quality of life of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: A cross‐sectional study in the cape coast metropolis
Authors: Amaama Leticia Awontayami , Osei George Nkrumah , Okyere Perditer , Opoku Victor Obiri , Yankey Theophilus Junior , Attoh Tetteh , Essuman Mainprice Akuoko , Martey Jacob , Ephraim Richard K D 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackground and AimType 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) has in recent decades become a global pandemic, accounting for over 90% of DM cases. The study evaluated the health‐related quality of life (HrQoL) and identified its determinants among type 2 DM patients at the University of Cape Coast Hospital.MethodsWe conducted our study at the University of Cape Coast Hospital from January to March 2022. The EQ‐5D‐5L questionnaire was administered to 68 type 2 DM patients. Data were then inputted into Microsoft Excel and analyzed accordingly using IBM SPSS statistical software version 26 and GraphPad Prism 8.ResultsThe mean age of the participants was 60.71 ± 12.18 with 55.9% being females. The average systolic, diastolic blood pressure and fasting blood glucose (FBG) of participants were 140.99 ± 22.27, 85 ± 11.14 and 7.97 ± 2.66 respectively. With the EQ‐5D‐5L scale, participants reported severe to extreme problems mainly in pain/discomfort (19.1%) and mobility (8.8%) dimensions. Approximately 21% (14/68) of patients reported themselves as being in perfect health based on the EQ‐5D index score with no significant difference between males and females (p ≥ 0.05). On a scale of 0 to 100, most (26.5%) of the participants rated their general health state at 80. Age was significantly associated with all five dimensions while patients with comorbidities had higher odds of experiencing pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression.ConclusionThe study reveals that pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression are the most experienced problems among patients with type 2 DM. The HrQoL of type 2 DM patients was also found to be affected by age, comorbidities, systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Therefore, identifying these factors and developing appropriate interventions is crucial for improving patient outcomes and enhancing treatment outcomes.
Sharing the multidisciplinary clinical approach to peri‐ and postmenopausal women: A Delphi consensus among Italian gynecologists, endocrinologists, and cardiologists for an integrated and optimal approach to clinical practice
Authors: Colacurci Nicola , Filardi Pasquale Perrone , Chiantera Antonio , Colao Annamaria , Pasqualetti Patrizio , Lenzi Andrea 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe critical phase of perimenopausal period is marked by a reduction in estrogen levels, leading to various clinical issues (vasomotor and neurodegenerative symptoms, increased osteoporosis risk and cardiovascular risk). These complex clinical scenarios pose challenges to clinicians in providing the right support for diagnosis and treatment. A group of Italian cardiologists, endocrinologists, and gynecologists conducted a survey among expert colleagues to assess consensus on controversial issues and best practices for screening and treating peri‐ and postmenopausal women.MethodsThe Delphi methodology was used to analyze responses from a qualitative expert panel comprising 25 cardiologists, 25 endocrinologists, and 25 gynecologists, selected nationwide. Two consecutive questionnaires were proposed between February and May 2023. Agreement among experts was assessed following the Delphi method as developed by the RAND Corporation.ResultsThe results of this Delphi Consensus have been shared by the leading scientific societies: Italian Society of Cardiology, Italian Society of Endocrinology, Italian Society of Gynecology and Obstetrics, and Italian Hospital Obstetricians Gynecologists Association.ConclusionsThe experts highlighted comorbidities and hormone deprivation as crucial clinical problems to be evaluated in perimenopausal women, requiring investigation from cardiovascular and endocrinologic perspectives to assess cardiovascular risk, involving the use of BMI, standard blood samples, endocrine‐metabolic tests, and lifestyle assessment, particularly in women with higher cardiovascular and metabolic risks candidates for hormone replacement therapy (HRT). The experts also agreed on the benefits of HRT in improving lipid metabolism and reducing insulin resistance, thereby mitigating the metabolic risks associated with menopause. However, this therapy should be tailored considering individual women's comorbidities and thrombotic risk.
From bench to bedside: Opportunities and challenges for iLABMED
Authors: Asakawa Tetsuya , Tang Yi‐Wei , Lu Hongzhou 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSince the new iLABMED was founded in June 2023, it has published three issues with 21 articles (till Dec 2023). As a journal majored in laboratory medicine, iLABMED also has to face many opportunities and challenges of laboratory medicine. This editorial summarized the main opportunities and challenges faced by iLABMED. The future prospects of laboratory medicine, which must be highlighted by iLABMED were also discussed based on a brief review of the current advances in laboratory medicine. iLABMED will continue to provide a useful platform for general‐interested, insightful, and informative articles with high quality.
Text‐based sentiment analysis in finance: Synthesising the existing literature and exploring future directions
Authors: Todd Andrew , Bowden James , Moshfeghi Yashar 
Published: February 2024

SummaryAdvances in Deep Learning have drastically improved the abilities of Natural Language Processing (NLP) research, creating new state‐of‐the‐art benchmarks. Two research streams at the forefront of NLP analysis are transformer architecture and multimodal analysis. This paper critically evaluates the extant literature applying sentiment analysis techniques to the financial domain. We classify the financial sentiment analysis literature according to the most used techniques in the area, with a focus on methods used to detect sentiment within corporate earnings conference calls, because of their dual modality (text‐audio) nature. We find that the financial literature follows a similar path to NLP sentiment literature, in that more advanced techniques to define sentiment are being used as the field progresses. However, techniques used to determine financial sentiment currently fall behind state‐of‐the‐art techniques used within NLP. Two future directions stem from this paper. Firstly, we propose that the adoption of transformer architecture to create robust representations of textual data could enhance sentiment analysis in academic finance. Secondly, the adoption of multimodal classifiers in finance represents a new, currently underexplored area of study that offers opportunities for finance research.
Idiosyncratic effects of interviewer behavior on the accuracy of children's responses
Authors: Najafichaghabouri Milad , Joslyn P. Raymond , Preston Emma 
Published: February 2024

AbstractChildren are interviewed to provide information about past events in various contexts (e.g., police interviews, court proceedings, therapeutic interviews). During an interview, various factors may influence the accuracy of children's responses to questions about recent events. However, behavioral research in this area is limited. Sparling et al. (2011) showed that children frequently provided inaccurate responses to questions about video clips they just watched depending on the antecedents (i.e., the way a question was asked) and consequences (i.e., the response of the interviewer to their answers). In the current study, we replicated and extended the procedures reported by Sparling et al. and found that two of five children were sensitive to the various antecedents and consequences that we manipulated. Our findings indicate a need for more research in this area to determine the relevant environmental variables that affect children's response accuracy.