bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Marie Unna hypotrichosis: an autosomal dominant hair disorder
Authors: Papadavid E. , Dover R. , Mallon E. , Dawber R.P.R. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractHereditary hypotrichosis of Marie Unna type is a rare distinctive syndrome of hair loss which is inherited with an autosomal dominant gene. We report a family with more than half affected individuals in 4 subsequent generations which supports the very strong autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance.
Comedogenicity of cosmetics: a review
Authors: Katoulis A.C. , Kakepis E.M. , Kintziou H. , Kakepis M.E. , Stavrianeas N.G. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractAdverse reactions associated with the use of cosmetics include comedones and folliculitis that substantiate the potential of cosmetic products to induce, aggravate or prolong acne.Acne cosmetica is a particular facial variant of acne. It commonly affects young adult women who use cosmetics. Key to the management of acne cosmetica is the avoidance of comedogenic cosmetics. Thus, it is of crucial importance to evaluate cosmetics with respect to their comedogenicity. Methods of assessment include animal models, human models and clinical trials. Among them, the rabbit ear assay, although not ideal, is the best available.Today, most commercial products are safe. However, dermatologists should remain vigilant and provide the guidelines for beneficial use of cosmetics to acne‐prone individuals.
Herpes immunization—on the threshold
Authors: Stanberry L.R. 
Published: July 2006

Abstract Objectives To review the history, public health importance and current status of vaccines intended for the prevention and treatment of genital herpes simplex virus infection. Background Primary and recurrent genital herpes remains a significant public health problem. Prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines offer an important strategy for control of genital herpes. Methods Literature review. Results For more than half a century the development of a safe and effective herpes simplex virus (HSV) has remained an elusive goal. Factors complicating vaccine development have included the complex natural history of HSV infection, an intricate viral genome which has made production of simple tissue culture attenuated live viral vaccines impossible, a general lack of understanding regarding what constitutes protective immunity and an excess of poorly conceived and seriously flawed clinical research. Over the past decade prospects for developing an effective vaccine have brightened as advances in basic immunology and molecular biology have increased our understanding of HSV, and as clinical investigators have taken lessons from the mistakes of earlier research. Investigative teams both in academic centers and in industry are now making excellent progress toward the development of HSV vaccines. Conclusions The combination of increased understanding and focused application is expected to result in the development of safe and effective HSV vaccines which should be available to physicians within this decade. The goal of the prophylactic vaccine will be to prevent symptomatic primary genital infection and reduce the likelihood the patient will establish latent infection and experience recurrent disease. The therapeutic vaccines are designed for patients who experience recurrent infections with the intended benefit of reduced symptomatic and subclincial recurrences.
Extracorporeal photochemotherapy as an effective treatment modality in chronic graft‐versus‐host disease
Authors: Balda Bernd‐Rüdiger , Konstantinow Alexander , Starz Hans , Gnekow Astrid , Heidemann Peter 
Published: July 2006

Abstract Background In chronic graft‐versus‐host disease (cGvHD) cytotoxic and suppressor T lymphocytes probably play a decisive pathogenetic role. The efficacy of conventional immunosuppressive therapy is often insufficient, and drug side effects may produce further complications. Photochemotherapy with orally administered photosensitizer 8‐methoxypsoralen (8‐MOP) followed by UV‐A irradiation of the skin (PUVA) has been reported as an advantage. Extracorporeal photochemotherapy (ECP) was introduced as an improved method of photochemotherapy compared with PUVA. ECP selectively affects autoreactive as well as malignant T lymphocytes and implies repeated ex vivo UV‐A irradiation of chemically photosensitized leukocytes, followed by reinfusion. The treatment efficacy depends essentially on sufficient plasma levels of 8‐MOP. In cases of considerable gastrointestinal malabsorption, however, therapeutic levels of 8‐MOP are rarely achieved when the drug is administered orally. Objective In a case of severe cGvHD, ECP was used because of disease progression, despite massive conventional immunosuppressive therapy. Patient and method After bone marrow transplantation a 13‐year‐old girl developed acute GvHD, which turned later to severe cGvHD with massive involvement of the skin, oral mucosa, liver and gastrointestinal tract. The treatment with prednisolone, cyclosporin A (CsA), azathioprine and thalidomide was without success. When the patient was 15 we started ECP with individually adapted modifications. Especially because of severe gastrointestinal malabsorption, a liquid preparation of 8‐MOP was administered directly into the leukocyte (buffy coat) fraction, received by leukapheresis. Results After 15 treatment cycles within 12 months immunosuppressive drugs were omitted because of noticeable improvement in cutaneous changes, liver function parameters and general condition (Karnofsky score 85–90% compared with 30–40% at the beginning). Conclusion It seems to us that this modification of ECP is a very effective and safe treatment modality for cGvHD without any side effects.
A case of basal cell carcinoma treated with photodynamic therapy – changes in histological features and bcl‐2 expression
Authors: Harth Yoram , Bergman Reuven , Gotfried Varda , Kimel Sol , Friedman‐Birnbaum Rachel 
Published: July 2006

AbstractPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) is based on the phototoxicity of photosensitizers, mostly porphyrins. Since systemic photodynamic therapy with δ‐aminolevulinic acid (δ‐ALA) causes prolonged whole‐skin photosensitivity, topical photodynamic therapy was developed. We describe the histological findings and the results of immunohistochemical staining for bcl‐2 protein in the basal cell carcinoma of a 71‐year‐old patient treated by photodynamic therapy with δ‐ALA. After histological confirmation of the diagnosis, 20%δ‐ALA in an aqueous cream base was applied to one lesion for 3 h. After 3 h the tumor was exposed to light emitted by a Kodak carousel light projector. Biopsies were taken before exposure and at days 3 and 21 after exposure. The specimens were stained with hematoxylin‐eosin and with monoclonal antibody to bcl‐2 protein. The intermediate histological response 3 days after exposure was characterized by “squamoid” transformation of the tumor cells along with signs of necrosis, loss of bcl‐2 expression and an inflammatory cell reaction. Clinical and histological examinations 3 weeks after treatment showed no sign of residual tumor.
Generalized atrophic benign epidermolysis bullosa
Authors: La Placa Michelangelo , Vincenzi Colombina , Fanti Pier A. , Tosti Antonella 
Published: July 2006

AbstractGeneralized atrophic benign epidermolysis bullosa (GABEB) is a rare autosomal recessive variant of junctional epidermolysis bullosa. A typical feature in these patients is the cicatricial alopecia resembling male pattern baldness; in this paper we describe a case of GABEB with particular attention to this characteristic.
Pemphigus triggered by diclofenac
Authors: Pellicano Riccardo , Iannantuono Marco , Di Ciommo Antonio , Bisceglia Michele 
Published: July 2006

AbstractWe report a case of pemphigus vulgaris which first appeared in a young Italian male during treatment with diclofenac. The initial lesions persisted for 5 months after the drug was discontinued and later worsened when the patient was treated with piroxicam. HLA typing revealed the presence of 3 antigens which have been shown to be associated with pemphigus (B55, DR6, DQ1). This appears to be the first report of pemphigus vulgaris triggered by diclofenac.
Flushing: causes, investigation and clinical consequences
Authors: Greaves M.W. , Burova E.P. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractFlushing can occur as a physiological response or may indicate an underlying condition, such as carcinoid syndrome, mastocytosis or rosacea. The mechanisms and causes of flushing are discussed.Learning objective At the conclusion of this learning activity, participants should be able to describe the pathogenesis and clinical characteristics of flushing and should be aware of the modalities to diagnose and treat this common dermatological sign.
AIDS‐related malignancies in Ireland 1987–1994
Authors: O'Reilly M. , Bergin C. , Mulcahy F. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractBackground Patients who are HIV positive have on increased risk of developing a malignancy, most notably Kuposi's sarcoma (KS) and Non‐Hodgkin's Lymphoma (NHL).Objective To assess the incidence of malignancy in a HIV positive cohort in Ireland.Methods We retrospectively reviewed all case notes of 784 HIV positive patients attending a GUM clinic of whom 340 had Stage IV disease.Results There were 43 diagnoses of malignancy in 41 patients, the majority of whom were homosexual. There were 25 cases of KS, seven cases, of primary cerebral lymphoma, seven cases of systemic NHL and four other malignancies. The overall incidence of malignancy was 12.1% of all patients with AIDS (i.e. 41/340 patients).Comment The incidence is lower than previously reported studies, but represents significant morbidity. The lower incidence may be explained by our patient demographic profile, In addition, malignancies may occur at a stage when patients are too ill to pursue investigation and post mortem examination may be refused. The need for close monitoring of high risk groups, such as HIV positive women with cervical dysplasia, has been confirmed.
Psychological characteristics and outcome of patients attending a clinic for vulval disease
Authors: Wojnarowska Fenella , Mayou Richard , Simkin Sue , Day Alex 
Published: July 2006

AbstractAim To describe the characteristics of consecutive attenders al a specialist clinic for vulval skin diseases and to determine their medical, psychological and social outcome.Subjects Consecutive attenders at a specialist dermatology clinic.Measures Systematic recording of medical data, standard psychometric assessment and semi‐structured interview.Results Patients generally described their symptoms as distressing and disabling and were very considerable users of medical care, with which they were mainly dissatisfied. At follow up a substantial proportion of patients reported improvement in their physical and psychological symptoms and there was general satisfaction with having attended a clinic with special and sympathetic interest.Conclusions Assessment and treatment by a sympathetic doctor with a special interest in vulval disease was found to be helpful by most subjects whatever the physical outcome. Satisfaction was in contrast to their long histories of symptoms and generally unsatisfactory consultation with doctors.
A new post vulvectomy reconstructive technique
Authors: Camacho Francisco M. , Navarro Jose , Moreno Jose C. , Muñoz Miguel A. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractA new procedure to close extensive defects on the perineal area after vulvectomy is described. For years, the three first authors of this paper performed a number of surgical reconstructions after vulvectomy employing a personal technique that was described in 1987. But this technique is not useful when the excision has to be performed far beyond the anal orifice, involving a great part of the thighs. In this paper we describe our procedure of double rotation‐transposition flaps designed to repair a great detect following extensive excision. As a conclusion, we wish to stress out that the rotation‐transposition flaps should always be the technique of choice when repairing defects around the natural orifices. Grafts will only be useful to cover the donor area of the flaps.
Exanthem in children with rotavirus infection
Authors: Patrizi Annalisu , Frassetio Antonella , Trevisia Pompilio , Neria Iria , Ricci Giampaolo , Specchia Fernando , Masib Massimo 
Published: July 2006

AbstractObjective and background The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between rotavirus infection and a transient maculo‐papular eruption in seven children with acute febrile gastroenteritis.Methods Bacteria and viruses were looked for in stool specimens.Results Rotavirus was detected in all patients by enzyme immunoassay.Conclusion The short time lapse between the gastroenteritis and the rash, the identical clinical course and the consistent isolation of rotavirus in all cases suggest an etiological association between this viral infection and exanthem.
Altered gene expression in skin melanomas is correlated with the level of skin infiltration and metastatic spreading
Authors: Trevisan G. , Sclaunich S. , Bonin S. , Stanta G. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractBackground In many tumors and also in melanomas a high expression of different growth factor receptors is sometimes present, and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFr) and oncogene c‐erbB2 are often involved. Recently a tumor suppressor gene, tailed MTS1. has been identified. MTS1 may have an important function in many tumors like those of the lung, breast, bone, ovary and skin melanomas.Objectives In our study we analyzed the expression at mRNA level of EGFr, c‐erbB2 and MTS1 in biopsied paraffin‐embedded tissues of skin melanomas at different stages of Breslow and according to the presence or absence of metastatic spreading during follow‐up.Methods The relative translation of the mRNA was performed from histological sections cut from formalin‐fixed and paraffin‐embedded tissues after RT‐PCR. Eighteen patients with melanoma were studied at mRNA expression level of RGF‐receptor, c‐erbB2 oncogene and MTS1 tumor suppressor gene. The expression has been correlated with the Breslow stage of skin infiltration and the presence of recurrences during the follow‐up period.Results The level of expression of EGFr was connected with the level of skin infiltration; in Breslow stages 1 and 2 the expression is low and clearly higher in Breslow 3. But a higher expression is not directly correlated with the presence of recurrences. On the other hand higher levels of c‐erbB2 and MTS1 mRNA are related, particularly in stage 3 of skin infiltration melanomas, with absence of recurrences. In this case c‐erbB2 seems to be a variable independent of Breslow stage.Conclusions Our study suggests in a preliminary way that a high level of expression of c‐erbB2 or MTS1 could be connected with infiltrative melanomas. Breslow stage 3, that do not tend to cause recurrences. On the other hand the EGFr expression is related to the stage of the skin infiltration of the tumors.
Dermatomyositis sine myositis in five cases
Authors: Mattheou‐Vakali Georgia , Ioannides Demetris , Lazaridou Elizabeth , Kalabalikis Demetris , Batsios Paris , Minas Aristippos 
Published: July 2006

AbstractBackground A small subset of patients with dermatomyositis develop the characteristic cutaneous manifestations without muscle involvement, the so‐called dermatomyositis sine myositis or amyopathic dermatomyositis. Whether systemic treatment of skin disease can prevent the development of myositis remains controversial.Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the development of the disease in terms of the onset of muscle symptoms under systemic treatment with corticosteroids or antimalarials.Methods Five patients with dermatomyositis sine myositis were included in this study. All skin biopsy specimens had features consistent with dermatomyositis. Muscle enzymes, electromyograms and muscle biopsies did not reveal any abnormality.Results Corticosteroids were given in three patients and hydroxychloroquine in two. Both regimens proved to be effective in the treatment of skin symptoms. Four patients, three on corticosteroids and one on hydroxychloroquine, did not develop muscle disease 4–7 years after presentation. One patient on hydroxychloroquine showed laboratory evidence of myositis 6 years after initiation of treatment.Conclusion It seems that muscle disease may appear within long periods of time after the onset of the cutaneous manifestations. The term dermatomyositis sine myositis can be used as a provisional diagnosis. Our observations suggest that systemic treatment of skin disease with corticosteroids is successful and may alter the disease course. Hydroxychloroquine may be helpful in some cases.
Dead sea bath salt for the treatment of psoriasis vulgaris: a double‐blind controlled study
Authors: Halevy Sima , Giryes Hani , Friger Michael , Sukenik Shaul 
Published: July 2006

AbstractBack‐ground The beneficial effect of the Dead Sea (DS) area in psoriasis is attributed in part to the DS water, which has a high content of minerals,Aim The aim of the study was 10 evaluate the sole therapeutic effect of DS salt in psoriasis.Patients and Methods Thirty patients wild psoriasis vulgaris, involving >15% body area, were included in the study, which was conducted in a double‐blind controlled manner. Treatment consisted of once daily baths, heated lo 35°C, of 20 min duration, for 3 weeks, of cither DS bath salt (group I) or common salt (group II). Clinical evaluation was based on Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score determination before and after treatmentResults Twenty‐five patients 113 in group 1 and I 2 in group II) terminated the treatment protocol. In both groups, treated by US hath salt and common salt, respectively, the mean PASI score before treatment (18.6, ± 9.4 and 15.7 ± 7.1. respectively) decreased significantly al the end of the treatment (11.4 ± 6.1 and 11.4± 6.6, respectively). The mean percentage reduction of PASI score at the end of the treatment regimen, was higher in patients treated with IDS bath salt (34.8%) compared to patients treated with common salt (27.5%) (P > 0.05). The mean percentage reduction a month after termination of the treatment protocol was higher in patients treated with DS hath salt (43.6%) than in those treated with common salt (24%) (P > 0.05).Conclusions The present study implies a beneficial effect to bathing wish either DS hath salt or common salt as a sole therapy for psoriasis vulgaris. However, we observed an enhanced beneficial effect of DS hath salt compared to common salt.
Recent Titles on Women's Health
Authors: Travis Cheryl B. 
Published: July 2006

Women and Health: Feminist Perspectives. Sue Wilkinson and Celia Kitzinger (Eds.). London: Taylor and Francis, 1994. 209 pp., $79 (cloth), ISBN: 0748401482; $24.94 (paper), ISBN: 0748401490. Psychological Aspects of Women's Health Care: The Interface between Psychiatry and Obstetrics and Gynecology. Donna E. Stewart and Nada L. Stotland (Eds.). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association, 1993. 569 pp., $68.50 (cloth), ISBN: 0880484217.
Migration of Epidermal Melanophores to the Dermis Through the Basement Membrane During Metamorphosis in the Frog, Rana japonica
Authors: YASUTOMI MASUMI 
Published: July 2006

The number of epidermal melanophores of the skin decreases dramatically during metamorphosis in the frog, Rana japonica. This decrease may represent an adaptation for rapid color change, a property which the animal acquires after metamorphosis. We concluded that the decrease was due to the migration of epidermal melanophores to the dermis. Epidermal melanophores and epidermal cells are tightly associated with each other in the young tadpole. The association becomes looser at the metamorphic stage and, occasionally, small breaks in the basement membrane are seen. These breaks may facilitate the migration. The migration was observed exclusively at the metamorphic stage, in spite of careful observation of other stages under the electron microscope. The migration of epidermal melanophores was induced by treatment with thyroxine of cultured skin from tadpoles at stage 15, and this hormone may act directly on epidermal melanophores.Until now, the increase in the number of dermal melanophores during metamorphosis has been explained by the differentiation of dermal melanophores from melanoblasts and by their mitotic division. Our results show that the migration of epidermal melanophores to the dermis may be a factor which accounts for the increase in the number of dermal melanophores.
Tyrosinase Protein Is Expressed Also in Some Neural Crest Derived Cells Which Are Not Melanocytes
Authors: HANINEC PAVEL , VACHTENHEIM JIRÍ 
Published: July 2006

Some neural crest cells give rise to pigment cells in early ontogenesis. We tested here whether tyrosinase‐a key enzyme in melanogenesis—was present in some nonpigment neural crest derivatives in adult hamsters.Interestingly enough, inactive tyrosinase protein was detected, using indirect immunofluorescence, in the satellite cells of spinal ganglia and Schwann cells of sciatic and facial nerves in normal adult animals. The results of cell blotting from spinal ganglia were similar to the fluorescence findings.Thus, our results seem to support the hypothesis that Schwann cells, satellite cells of spinal ganglia, and melanocytes may be more intimately related developmentally than other neural‐crest‐derived cells. Moreover, since we detected tyrosinase protein in cells which normally do not produce melanosomes, it could be deduced that, during the melanocyte's differentiation from its cell precursor, the expression of tyrosinase protein might precede the point when melanosomes begin to differentiate from known cytoplasmic structures.
Genetic and Epidemiologic Evaluation of Dysplastic Nevi
Authors: MEYER LAURENCE J. , PIEPKORN MICHAEL W. , SEUCHTER SUSANNE A. , CANNON‐ALBRIGHT LISA A. , TIMOTHY BISHOP D. , ZONE JOHN J. , SKOLNICK MARK H. 
Published: July 2006

Dysplastic Nevus Syndrome (DNS) has been defined as that trait characterized by the presence of at least one dysplastic melanocytic nevus. DNS was originally described in kindreds having multiple members with melanoma. Various types DNS have been described in other situations to include individuals with apparently sporadic cases, familial DNS without melanoma and individuals with apparently sporadic DNS with melanoma. These categories are based on historical information in general, and not on examination of family members. In all cases, the presence of dysplastic nevi appear to confer some increased risk of melanoma, which varies between the groups. Similarly cutaneous melanoma is thought to occur in several distinct populations‐random individuals without DNS, individuals with sporadic DNS, and those with familial DNS.Genetic analysis of DNS has been largely confined to the classically ascertained kindreds associated with melanoma. These studies have usually used diagnostic criteria based on pathology of clinically selected material, and that evidence suggests that DNS is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait in these families. Surveys of the general population have detected rates of dysplastic nevi of 5% 20%. In our Utah‐based studies, we have evaluated probands and family members from three groups. These included kindreds with multiple occurrences of melanoma, random individuals with at least one dysplastic nevus, and cases of melanoma with unknown family history. Controls were spouses of study subjects. We sought to determine the percentage of each group associated with dysplastic nevi and/or genetic DNS. The range of phenotype of patients with dysplastic nevi was large with some individuals having few nevi, none of which were clinically atypical, and others having greater than 100 nevi. The prevalence of dysplastic nevi in at least one of two biopsies in Utah population controls is presently Wtimated at 62%. Some probands with melanoma as well as some of their relatives had elevated numbers of nevi, suggesting that this predisposition to melanoma may be inherited.