bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mental health literacy and help-seeking behaviour among Egyptian undergraduates: a cross-sectional national study
Authors: Baklola Mohamed , Terra Mohamed , Taha Anhar , Elnemr Mohammed , Yaseen Mohammad , Maher Ahmed , Buzaid Ali Hussain , Alenazi Rahaf , Osman Mohamed Safa Adil , Abdelhady Doaa , El-Gilany Abdel-Hady 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Mental health literacy (MHL) and help-seeking behaviors are pivotal in managing mental well-being, especially among Egyptian undergraduates. Despite the importance and prevalent psychological distress in this group, limited research has addressed MHL and associated behaviors in Egypt. This study aimed to assess the levels of MHL and help-seeking behavior among Egyptian university students.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted across ten Egyptian universities during the academic year 2022–2023. A convenience sample of 1740 students was obtained through online questionnaires distributed via social media platforms. The survey comprised demographic characteristics, the Mental Health Literacy Scale (MHLS), and the General Help Seeking Behavior Questionnaire (GHSPQ).

Results
Among 1740 Egyptian undergraduates, medical students scored higher in recognizing disorders (p < 0.05), while non-medical students excelled in attitudes (p < 0.05). A strong correlation was observed between attitudes toward mental illness and total mental health literacy (coefficients of 0.664 and 0.657). Univariate analysis indicated a significant association with professional help-seeking (OR = 1.023). Females, individuals aged 21 or above, and non-medical students were more likely to seek mental health information (OR = 1.42, 1.82, 1.55 respectively). Help-seeking behavior for emotional problems was more inclined towards intimate partners, whereas suicidal thoughts prompted seeking professional help.

Conclusion
The findings advocate for comprehensive mental health education, particularly in rural areas, and emphasis on the role of personal relationships in mental well-being. Implementing these insights could foster improved mental health outcomes and reduce related stigma in Egypt.
Long-term pulmonary outcomes of young adults born prematurely: a Polish prospective cohort study PREMATURITAS 20
Authors: Walicka-Serzysko Katarzyna , Postek Magdalena , Borawska-Kowalczyk Urszula , Szamotulska Katarzyna , Kwaśniewicz Piotr , Polak Krystyna , Mierzejewska Ewa , Sands Dorota , Rutkowska Magdalena 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
The long-term consequences of prematurity are often not sufficiently recognized. To address this gap, a prospective cohort study, which is a continuation of the multicenter Polish study PREMATURITAS, was conducted, utilizing unique clinical data from 20 years ago.

Objective
The main goal was to evaluate lung function, detect any structural abnormalities using lung ultrasound, and assess psychological well-being in young adults born between 24 and 34 weeks of gestational age (GA). Additionally, the study aimed to investigate potential associations between perinatal risk factors and abnormalities observed in pulmonary function tests (PFTs) during adulthood.

Methods
The young survivors underwent a comprehensive set of PFTs, a lung ultrasound, along with the quality of life assessment. Information regarding the neonatal period and respiratory complications was obtained from the baseline data collected in the PREMATURITAS study.

Results
A total of 52 young adults, with a mean age of 21.6 years, underwent PFTs. They were divided into two groups based on GA: 24–28 weeks (n = 12) and 29–34 weeks (n = 40). The subgroup born more prematurely had significantly higher lung clearance index (LCI), compared to the other subgroup (p = 0.013). LCI ≥ 6.99 was more frequently observed in the more premature group (50% vs. 12.5%, p = 0.005), those who did not receive prenatal steroids (p = 0.020), with a diagnosis of Respiratory Distress Syndrome (p = 0.034), those who received surfactant (p = 0.026), and mechanically ventilated ≥ 7 days (p = 0.005). Additionally, elevated LCI was associated with the diagnosis of asthma (p = 0.010).

Conclusions
The findings suggest pulmonary effects due to prematurity persist into adulthood and their insult on small airway function. Regular follow-up evaluations of young survivors born preterm should include assessments of PFTs. Specifically, the use of LCI can provide valuable insights into long-term pulmonary impairment.
Palliative primary tumor resection may not offer survival benefits for patients with unresectable metastatic colorectal neuroendocrine neoplasms, one multicenter retrospective cohort study
Authors: Yu Guozhi , Liu Shen , Wang Zhijie , Liu Qian , Ren Hongchang , Hu Wenhui 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
The efficacy of palliative primary tumor resection (PTR) in improving prognosis for patients with unresectable metastatic colorectal neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) has not been fully explored.

Methods
We performed one retrospective cohort study and recruited 68 patients with unresectable metastatic colorectal NENs from two Chinese medical centers between 2000 and 2022. All patients were assigned to PTR group and no PTR group. The clinicopathological manifestation data were carefully collected, and the survival outcomes were compared between the two groups using Kaplan–Meier methods. Propensity score matching (PSM) was conducted to minimize confounding bias. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were performed to identify prognostic factors.

Results
A total of 32 patients received PTR, and the other 36 patients did not. The median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) times were 4 and 22 months in the whole cohort, respectively. For patients who received no PTR, the median OS was 16 months, and the 1-year OS rate and 3-year OS rate were 56.4% and 39.6%, respectively. For patients who received PTR, the median OS was 24 months, and the 1-year OS rate and 3-year OS rate were 67.9% and 34.1%, respectively. However, the Kaplan–Meier survival curves and log-rank test demonstrated no significant survival difference between the two groups (P = 0.963). Moreover, palliative PTR was also not confirmed as a prognostic factor in subsequent univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analyses in both the original and matched cohorts. Only histological differentiation was identified as an independent prognostic factor affecting PFS [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.86, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.02–3.41, P = 0.043] and OS [HR = 3.70, 95% CI: 1.09–12.48, P = 0.035] in the original cohort.

Conclusions
Palliative PTR may not offer survival benefits for patients with unresectable metastatic colorectal NENs.
Transcriptome analysis reveals multiple targets of erythritol-related transcription factor EUF1 in unconventional yeast Yarrowia Lipolytica
Authors: Rzechonek DA. , Szczepańczyk M. , Borodina I. , Neuvéglise C. , Mirończuk AM. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Erythritol is a four-carbon polyol with an unclear role in metabolism of some unconventional yeasts. Its production has been linked to the osmotic stress response, but the mechanism of stress protection remains unclear. Additionally, erythritol can be used as a carbon source. In the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica, its assimilation is activated by the transcription factor Euf1. The study investigates whether this factor can link erythritol to other processes in the cell.

Results
The research was performed on two closely related strains of Y. lipolytica: MK1 and K1, where strain K1 has no functional Euf1. Cultures were carried out in erythritol-containing and erythritol-free media. Transcriptome analysis revealed the effect of Euf1 on the regulation of more than 150 genes. Some of these could be easily connected with different aspects of erythritol assimilation, such as: utilization pathway, a new potential isoform of transketolase, or polyol transporters. However, many of the upregulated genes have never been linked to metabolism of erythritol. The most prominent examples are the degradation pathway of branched-chain amino acids and the glyoxylate cycle. The high transcription of genes affected by Euf1 is still dependent on the erythritol concentration in the medium. Moreover, almost all up-regulated genes have an ATGCA motif in the promoter sequence.

Conclusions
These findings may be particularly relevant given the increasing use of erythritol-induced promoters in genetic engineering of Y. lipolytica. Moreover, use of this yeast in biotechnological processes often takes place under osmotic stress conditions. Erythritol might be produce as a by-product, thus better understanding of its influence on cell metabolism could facilitate processes optimization.
Healthcare equity in focus: bridging gaps through a spatial analysis of healthcare facilities in Irbid, Jordan
Authors: Obeidat Bushra , Alourd Sally 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn the Irbid Governorate, Jordan, equitable healthcare facility distribution is vital to ensuring healthcare accessibility and improving public health outcomes. This study investigated the spatial distribution, accessibility, and conformity of healthcare facilities to the Ministry of Health standards to identify areas requiring improvement. Using geographic information systems (GIS), three spatial analyses were conducted: nearest neighbor analysis, buffer analysis, and service area analysis. These analyses comprehensively assessed the healthcare landscape, revealing a random spatial distribution pattern of healthcare facilities; and indicating an absence of structured organization. The buffer analysis revealed concentrations in specific regions, while others were underserved. The Service Area Analysis revealed significant healthcare access challenges, especially in remote areas. The healthcare resource distribution of the Irbid governorate fell short of national and international standards, emphasizing the need for improvements. To address these disparities, policymakers and healthcare authorities should focus on equitably redistributing resources, tailoring allocation to local needs, improving remote area infrastructure, and refining government policies. Continuous monitoring and evaluation are imperative to ensure alignment with international standards and achieve healthcare equity. The insights from this case study provide valuable guidance for regions facing similar healthcare distribution challenges.
The effectiveness of therapeutic craft-making activities in treating lower-third forearm fracture: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Teoh Rui Fen , Chai Siaw Chui , Razaob Razab Nor Afifi , Amin Mohd Iskandar Mohd , Howell Julianne W. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Occupational Therapists use craft-making activities as therapeutic interventions to improve physical and psychological functioning of injured people. Despite the therapeutic effects, craft-making is not routinely used in hand rehabilitation as an intervention for patients with upper limb fractures. These patients often experience physical and psychosocial issues; however, without supportive evidence, therapists hesitate to integrate craft-making into upper limb rehabilitation.

Purpose
This study aims to determine the effect of a conventional therapy combined with therapeutic craft-making on disability, post-traumatic stress, and physical performance in patients with lower-third forearm fractures.

Methods
Priori analysis determined that 38 patients will be needed for this superiority randomized controlled trial to be conducted in a hand and upper limb rehabilitation center. Eligible participants must comprehend English, be diagnosed with lower-third forearm fracture(s) stabilized by open reduction internal fixation, and referred to therapy within 2–4 weeks of surgery. Following the CONSORT guidelines, participants will be randomly assigned to a Control (conventional therapy) group or an Intervention (conventional therapy and craft) group. Twice weekly for 6 weeks, Therapist A will provide both groups with 1-h of conventional therapy while the Intervention group will also receive 15 min of craft-making supervised by the Researcher. The primary outcome of disability will be measured with the Quick-Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder and Hand. The secondary outcome measurements include the Patient-Rated-Wrist-Evaluation; Impact of Event Scale-revised and physical performance, i.e., the Purdue Pegboard Test, AROM, and grip strength. All outcome measures will be obtained by Therapist B prior to the 1st therapy visit and after the 12th visit. Descriptive analysis will be done for the categorical and continuous data and a mixed model ANOVA for analysis of the initial and final assessment scores within and between groups.

Results
This study is ongoing.

Discussion
The intent of this study is to determine if therapeutic crafts have value as an intervention when used in combination with conventional therapy for patients with lower-third forearm fractures. If the value of crafts is supported, this evidence may reduce hesitancy of therapists to implement craft-making with patients referred to hand therapy after upper limb fracture.

Conclusion
This study is ongoing.

Trial registration
ANZCTR, ACTRN12622000150741. Retrospectively registered on 28 January 2022 https://anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=382676&isReview=true..
Amyloid β oligomer induces cerebral vasculopathy via pericyte-mediated endothelial dysfunction
Authors: Chen Siqi , Guo Daji , Zhu Yuanyuan , Xiao Songhua , Xie Jiatian , Zhang Zhan , Hu Yu , Huang Jialin , Ma Xueying , Ning Zhiyuan , Cao Lin , Cheng Jinping , Tang Yamei 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Although abnormal accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) protein is thought to be the main cause of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), emerging evidence suggests a pivotal vascular contribution to AD. Aberrant amyloid β induces neurovascular dysfunction, leading to changes in the morphology and function of the microvasculature. However, little is known about the underlying mechanisms between Aβ deposition and vascular injuries. Recent studies have revealed that pericytes play a substantial role in the vasculopathy of AD. Additional research is imperative to attain a more comprehensive understanding.

Methods
Two-photon microscopy and laser speckle imaging were used to examine cerebrovascular dysfunction. Aβ oligomer stereotactic injection model was established to explain the relationship between Aβ and vasculopathy. Immunofluorescence staining, western blot, and real-time PCR were applied to detect the morphological and molecular alternations of pericytes. Primary cultured pericytes and bEnd.3 cells were employed to explore the underlying mechanisms.

Results
Vasculopathy including BBB damage, hypoperfusion, and low vessel density were found in the cortex of 8 to 10-month-old 5xFAD mice. A similar phenomenon accompanied by pericyte degeneration appeared in an Aβ-injected model, suggesting a direct relationship between Aβ and vascular dysfunction. Pericytes showed impaired features including low PDGFRβ expression and increased pro-inflammatory chemokines secretion under the administration of Aβ in vitro, of which supernatant cultured with bEND.3 cells led to significant endothelial dysfunction characterized by TJ protein deficiency.

Conclusions
Our results provide new insights into the pathogenic mechanism underlying Aβ-induced vasculopathy. Targeting pericyte therapies are promising to ameliorate vascular dysfunction in AD.
Effectiveness of educational interventions for healthcare workers on vaccination dialogue with older adults: a systematic review
Authors: Wennekes Manuela Dominique , Almási Tímea , Eilers Renske , Mezei Fruzsina , Petykó Zsuzsanna Ida , Timen Aura , Vokó Zoltán ,   VITAL Consortium
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Healthcare workers (HCW) significantly influence older adults’ vaccine acceptance. This systematic review aimed to identify effective educational interventions for HCWs that could enhance their ability to engage in a dialogue with older adults on vaccination.

Methods
Medline, Scopus, Cochrane library and grey literature were searched for comparative studies investigating educational interventions concerning older adult vaccinations. The search encompassed all languages and publication years. Analysis was performed on the outcomes ‘vaccines offered or ordered’ and ‘vaccination rates’. Whenever feasible, a sub-analysis on publication year was conducted. Methodological limitations were assessed using the RoB 2 for RCTs and the GRADE checklist for non-randomized studies. Study outcomes were categorized according to the four-level Kirkpatrick model (1996) for effectiveness: reaction, learning, behaviour, and results.

Results
In total, 48 studies met all inclusion criteria. Most studies included reminder systems signalling HCWs on patients due for vaccination. Other interventions included seminars, academic detailing and peer-comparison feedback. Four articles reporting on the reaction-level indicated that most HCWs had a favourable view of the intervention. Two of the six articles reporting on the learning-level observed positive changes in attitude or knowledge due to the intervention. Seventeen studies reported on the behaviour-level. An analysis on eleven out of seventeen studies focusing on vaccines ‘ordered’ or ‘offered’ outcomes suggested that tailored reminders, particularly those implemented before 2000, were the most effective. Out of 34 studies reporting on the result-level, 24 were eligible for analysis on the outcome ‘vaccination rate’, which showed that compared to usual care, multicomponent interventions were the most effective, followed by tailored reminders, especially those predating 2000. Nonetheless, tailored reminders often fell short compared to other interventions like standing orders or patient reminders. In both the behaviour-level and result-level ‘education only’ interventions frequently underperformed relative to other interventions. Seventeen out of the 27 RCTs, and seven of the 21 non-randomized studies presented a low-to-medium risk for bias in the studies’ findings.

Conclusions
Tailored reminders and multicomponent interventions effectively assist HCWs in addressing vaccines with older adults. However, education-only interventions appear to be less effective compared to other interventions.
Univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization study identified the key role of gut microbiota in immunotherapeutic toxicity
Authors: Liu Baike , Liu Zheran , Jiang Tianxiang , Gu Xiangshuai , Yin Xiaonan , Cai Zhaolun , Zou Xiaoqiao , Dai Lei , Zhang Bo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
In cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), there is emerging evidence suggesting a correlation between gut microbiota and immune-related adverse events (irAEs). However, the exact roles of gut microbiota and the causal associations are yet to be clarified.

Methods
To investigate this, we first conducted a univariable bi-directional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Instrumental variables (IVs) for gut microbiota were retrieved from the MiBioGen consortium (18,340 participants). GWAS summary data for irAEs were gathered from an ICIs-treated cohort with 1,751 cancer patients. Various MR analysis methods, including inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR PRESSO, maximum likelihood (ML), weighted median, weighted mode, and cML–MA–BIC, were used. Furthermore, multivariable MR (MVMR) analysis was performed to account for possible influencing instrumental variables.

Results
Our analysis identified fourteen gut bacterial taxa that were causally associated with irAEs. Notably, Lachnospiraceae was strongly associated with an increased risk of both high-grade and all-grade irAEs, even after accounting for the effect of BMI in the MVMR analysis. Akkermansia, Verrucomicrobiaceae, and Anaerostipes were found to exert protective roles in high-grade irAEs. However, Ruminiclostridium6, Coprococcus3, Collinsella, and Eubacterium (fissicatena group) were associated with a higher risk of developing high-grade irAEs. RuminococcaceaeUCG004, and DefluviitaleaceaeUCG011 were protective against all-grade irAEs, whereas Porphyromonadaceae, Roseburia, Eubacterium (brachy group), and Peptococcus were associated with an increased risk of all-grade irAEs.

Conclusions
Our analysis highlights a strong causal association between Lachnospiraceae and irAEs, along with some other gut microbial taxa. These findings provide potential modifiable targets for managing irAEs and warrant further investigation.
Cooling performance measurements of different types of cooling vests using thermal manikin
Authors: Kim Siyeon , Lee Seojin , Shin Sora , Lim Daeyoung 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study compared the effectiveness of five commercially available cooling vests using three distinct thermal manikin test protocols. In addition, the constraints associated with each test protocol were elucidated, facilitating the identification of suitable evaluation methods for the different cooling vests. The cooling performances of the vests were evaluated using three thermal manikin test scenarios, incorporating the adaptations from Ciuha et al. (Ergonomics 64:625–639, 2021) and ASTM F2371-16, along with a modified protocol simulating the hot and humid weather in a South Korean summer. The results revealed substantial variations in the cooling performance across different test protocols, highlighting the importance of carefully selecting thermal manikin test methods. Moreover, the specific cooling vests exhibited immeasurable performance in certain test methods, which presents the limitations inherent in each testing scenario. For example, when evaluated with a non-sweating thermal manikin, the air-cooling vests exhibited the worst cooling performance, showing an average cooling rate of 1.0 W and cooling durations of five minutes. In contrast, the same vests demonstrated superior performance when assessed using the ASTM F2371-16 method, revealing an effective cooling rate of 114.8 W and sustained cooling durations exceeding eight hours. These results emphasize the lack of a one-size-fits-all evaluation method for cooling vests and the need for accessible guidelines to inform decision-makers aiming to enhance workplace safety and comfort.
Machine induced dynamic field responses of group pile with different pile arrangements
Authors: Kumar Sumit , Choudhary Shiva Shankar , Burman Avijit 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe main objective of the current investigation is to study the dynamic behaviour of a 3-pile group with different loading direction under coupled (horizontal and rocking) excitations. To accomplish this objective, machine-induced field excitation tests are conducted on small-scale hollow steel piles. The 3-pile group is driven into the ground in a triangular arrangement with 3d spacing. Two different soil-pile setups, i.e., Pile Group-I and Pile Group-II, are created based on dynamic force directions. In the case of Pile Group-I, the forces are applied to the direction of the median of the triangle, and for Pile Group-II, the forces are applied to other directional loads. From the test results, it is found that the resonant peaks of horizontal and rocking amplitudes for Pile Group-I are lower than Pile Group-II. In the case of resonant frequencies, the values of Pile Group-I are observed to be the same or a little bit higher as compared to Pile Group-II. It is found that the dynamic soil-pile-soil interaction effect is more prominent for Pile Group-II than for Pile Group-I. For numerical investigation, the continuum approach method is utilised with the inclusion of a dynamic group interaction factor to predict the dynamic coupled responses in terms of frequency and amplitude for these two soil-pile setups. To understand the behaviour of pile groups, boundary zone parameters and variations of impedance parameters (stiffness and damping) with operating frequencies are also measured using this theoretical approach.