bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Toward Better and Healthier Air Quality: Global PM2.5 and O3 Pollution Status and Risk Assessment Based on the New WHO Air Quality Guidelines for 2021
Authors: Liu Jianhua , He Chao , Si Yajun , Li Bin , Wu Qian , Ni Jinmian , Zhao Yue , Hu Qixin , Du Shenwen , Lu Zhendong , Jin Jiming , Xu Chao 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTo reduce the high burden of disease caused by air pollution, the World Health Organization (WHO) released new Air Quality Guidelines (AQG) on September 22, 2021. In this study, the daily fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and surface ozone (O3) data of 618 cities around the world is collected from 2019 to 2022. Based on the new AQG, the number of attainment days for daily average concentrations of PM2.5 (≤ 15 µg m−3) and O3 (≤ 100 µg m−3) is approximately 10% and 90%, respectively. China and India exhibit a decreasing trend in the number of highly polluted days (> 75 µg m−3) for PM. Every year over 68% and 27% of cities in the world are exposed to harmful PM2.5 (> 35 µg m−3) and O3 (> 100 µg m−3) pollution, respectively. Combined with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), it is found that more than 35% of the world's cities face PM2.5‐O3 compound pollution. Furthermore, the exposure risks in these cities (China, India, etc.) are mainly categorized as “High Risk”, “Risk”, and “Stabilization”. In contrast, economically developed cities are mainly categorized as “High Safety”, “Safety”, and “Deep Stabilization.” These findings indicate that global implementation of the WHO's new AQG will minimize the inequitable exposure risk from air pollution.
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Authors: Usman Ken Aldren S. , Zhang Jizhen , Marquez Kevinilo P. , Judicpa Mia Angela N. , Lynch Peter A. , Bedford Annabelle , Anasori Babak , Razal Joselito M. 
Published: March 2024

This review article summarizes the exciting advancements in liquid crystalline MXenes and guidance for their processing into versatile macro‐architectures suitable for various applications.
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Developmental changes in school burnout: The importance of sleep and problematic Internet use
Authors: Vazsonyi Alexander T. , Javakhishvili Magda , Lobo‐Dos‐Santos Tiago A. , Özdemir Yalçın , Sağkal Ali Serdar 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntroductionSchool burnout remains a prevalent problem among adolescents; it is associated with low academic achievement and school dropout risk, in turn linked to a whole host of deleterious developmental outcomes. The current longitudinal study sought to better understand the developmental course of school burnout by testing whether poor sleep and problematic internet use each uniquely and additively explained the variance in school burnout over time.MethodData were collected four times over 18 months, 6 months apart from N = 405 adolescents, grades 9 to 11.ResultsSleep quality, but not quantity, was significantly associated with the school burnout intercept (β = −0.29); no effects were found for the slope. Problematic internet use was also significantly associated with the intercept (β = .44), but not the slope. In a combined model, both sleep quality and problematic internet use significantly predicted the school burnout intercept. The slope was only predicted by age (β = −0.21).ConclusionsThe study found partial support for the hypotheses that both poor sleep quality and problematic internet use predicted school burnout, intercept only, not the rate of change. The evidence suggests that school burnout increased across high school; however, the rate of increase slowed with age. In contrast to some previous work, study findings highlight the importance of separately considering both poor sleep and problematic internet use in understanding the development of school burnout during adolescence.N = 229
Evaluating potential developmental toxicity of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances in Xenopus laevis embryos and larvae
Authors: Degitz Sigmund J. , Degoey Philip P. , Haselman Jonathan T. , Olker Jennifer H. , Stacy Emma H. , Blanksma Chad , Meyer Scott , Mattingly Kali Z. , Blackwell Brett , Opseth Anne S. , Hornung Michael W. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAs part of the US Environmental Protection Agency's perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) Action Plan, the agency is committed to increasing our understanding of the potential ecological effects of PFAS. The objective of these studies was to examine the developmental toxicity of PFAS using the laboratory model amphibian species Xenopus laevis. We had two primary aims: (1) to understand the developmental toxicity of a structurally diverse set of PFAS compounds in developing embryos and (2) to characterize the potential impacts of perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), and hexafluoropropylene oxide‐dimer acid (HFPO‐DA a.k.a. GenX), on growth and thyroid hormone‐controlled metamorphosis. We employed a combination of static renewal and flow‐through exposure designs. Embryos were exposed to 17 structurally diverse PFAS starting at the midblastula stage through the completion of organogenesis (96 h). To investigate impacts on PFOS, PFOA, PFHxS, and HFPO‐DA on development and metamorphosis, larvae were exposed from premetamorphosis (Nieuwkoop Faber stage 51 or 54) through pro metamorphosis. Of the PFAS tested in embryos, only 1H,1H,10H,10H‐perfluorodecane‐1,10‐diol (FC10‐diol) and perfluorohexanesulfonamide (FHxSA) exposure resulted in clear concentration‐dependent developmental toxicity. For both of these PFAS, a significant increase in mortality was observed at 2.5 and 5 mg/L. For FC10‐diol, 100% of the surviving embryos were malformed at 1.25 and 2.5 mg/L, while for FHxSA, a significant increase in malformations (100%) was observed at 2.5 and 5 mg/L. Developmental stage achieved was the most sensitive endpoint with significant effects observed at 1.25 and 0.625 mg/L for FC10‐diol and FHxSA, respectively. In larval studies, we observed impacts on growth following exposure to PFHxS and PFOS at concentrations of 100 and 2.5 mg/L, respectively, while no impacts were observed in larvae when exposed to PFOA and HFPO‐DA at concentration of 100 mg/L. Further, we did not observe impacts on thyroid endpoints in exposed larvae. These experiments have broadened our understanding of the impact of PFAS on anuran development.
Piperine mitigates oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in the testicular damage induced by cyclophosphamide in mice
Authors: Fani Fatemeh , Hosseinimehr Seyed Jalal , Zargari Mehryar , Mirzaei Mansoureh , Karimpour Malekshah Abbasali , Talebpour Amiri Fereshteh 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAlthough cyclophosphamide (CP) has been approved as an anticancer drug, its toxic effect on most organs, especially the testis, has been established. Piperine (PIP) is an alkaloid that has antioxidant, antiapoptotic, and anti‐inflammatory activities. This study was investigated the protective effects of PIP on CP‐induced testicular toxicity in the mice. In this experimental study, 48 adult male BALB/c mice (30−35 g) were divided into six groups (n = 8), receiving normal saline (C), 5 mg/kg of PIP (PIP5), 10 mg/kg of PIP (PIP10), 200 mg/kg of CP, 200 mg/kg of CP + PIP5, and 200 mg/kg of CP + PIP10. On the eighth day of the study, blood and testis samples were prepared for serum testosterone hormone quantification, sperm analysis, histological, and immunohistochemical assays. The results of this study showed that CP induced testicular toxicity with the decrease of sperm count, motility, and viability. Also, CP treatment caused histological structure alterations in the testis, including exfoliation, degeneration, vacuolation of spermatogenic cells, and reducing the thickness of the epithelium and the diameter of the seminiferous tubule. In addition, CP decreased glutathione (GSH) levels, increased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, Caspase‐3, and NF‐κB. At the same time, PIP treatment reduced testicular histopathological abnormalities, oxidative stress, and apoptosis that were induced by CP. These results showed that PIP improved CP‐induced testicular toxicity in mice, which can be related to its antioxidant, antiapoptotic, and anti‐inflammatory activities.
Exosomal circ_0000735 contributes to non‐small lung cancer malignant progression
Authors: Liu Sijie , Wu Xun , Wang Yanjie , Chen Yingtai 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCircular RNA is an important regulator for non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Circ_0000735 has been found to be significantly overexpressed in NSCLC tissues. Therefore, its role and mechanism in NSCLC progression need to be further explored. The expression levels of circ_0000735, miR‐345‐5p and A disintegrin and metalloprotease 19 (ADAM19) were determined using quantitative real‐time PCR. EdU staining, wound healing and transwell assays were utilized to detect cell proliferation and metastasis. The protein levels of metastasis markers, exosome markers and ADAM19 were determined using western blot. Animal experiments were performed to confirm the role of circ_0000735 in NSCLC tumorigenesis. The exosomes from cells and serum were identified using transmission electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis. We found that circ_0000735 was upregulated in NSCLC, and its knockdown repressed NSCLC cell proliferation and metastasis. In terms of mechanism, circ_0000735 targeted miR‐345‐5p to regulate ADAM19. MiR‐345‐5p inhibitor reversed the suppressive effect of circ_0000735 knockdown on NSCLC progression, and ADAM19 overexpression abolished the inhibition effect of miR‐345‐5p on NSCLC progression. Also, animal experiments showed that silencing of circ_0000735 reduced NSCLC tumorigenesis. In addition, exosomes mediated the intercellular transmission of circ_0000735, and serum exosomal circ_0000735 might be an important indicator for the diagnosis of NSCLC. In conclusion, circ_0000735 facilitated NSCLC progression via miR‐345‐5p/ADAM19 pathway, and serum exosomal circ_0000735 might be a potential biomarker for NSCLC diagnosis.
Clinical guideline highlights for the hospitalist: Diagnosis and treatment of diabetes‐related foot infections
Authors: Pham Charles D. , Lo Jessica , Hua Duong T. 
Published: March 2024

GUIDELINE TITLE: IWGDF/IDSA Guidelines on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Diabetes‐related Foot InfectionsRELEASE DATE: October 2, 2023PRIOR VERSION: March 16, 2020DEVELOPER: IWGDF Editorial BoardFUNDING SOURCE: International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot (IWGDF), Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA)TARGET POPULATION: Adults with suspected or confirmed diabetes‐related foot infections
Use of a carrageenan‐based gel had no impact on anal HPVs 16 and 18 viral loads in gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men
Authors: Kassam Pareesa , El‐Zein Mariam , Laurie Cassandra , Tota Joseph E. , Tellier Pierre‐Paul , Coutlée François , de Pokomandy Alexandra , Franco Eduardo L. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe Lubricant Investigation in Men to Inhibit Transmission of human papillomavirus (HPV) Infection randomized control trial in gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (gbMSM) found that carrageenan use neither reduced acquisition of anal HPV infections nor influenced infection clearance. To investigate carrageenan's lack of protective effect, we compared the change in anal HPV16 and HPV18 viral loads following carrageenan use against placebo. We restricted our analysis to participants who completed the first four study visits and had a valid baseline sample (n = 161, 54 HIV‐positive). Samples were tested for HPV detection using the linear array PCR assay. HPV16‐ and/or HPV18‐positive samples were tested for viral load using real‐time PCR. For participants who tested HPV16‐ (n = 29) or HPV18‐positive (n = 10) at least once across visits 1−4, we compared the change in type‐specific viral load between study arms using the Mann−Whitney U test. Although the median net change in HPV16 and HPV18 viral loads across visits 1‐4 was higher in the treatment than placebo arm (HPV16: 0.68 vs. 0.18 copies/cell, p = 0.60; HPV18: 18.32 vs. 10.12 copies/cell, p = 0.52), these differences were not statistically significant. Results were similar by HIV status. Carrageenan use did not impact anal HPV16 or HPV18 viral loads, which may further explain its lack of protective effect in gbMSM.
Cryoprotective effect of epigallocatechin gallate replacing sucrose on Hypophythalmichthys molitrix surimi during frozen storage
Authors: Xiao Naiyong , Tian Zhihang , Zhang Qiang , Xu Huiya , Yin Yantao , Liu Shucheng , Shi Wenzheng 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe present study aimed to investigate the cryoprotective effect of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) replacing sucrose on surimi during frozen storage. Substitution or partial substitution of 0.1% EGCG for sucrose (1.5%) was added to surimi, and the surimi samples without and with commercial cryoprotectants (4% sucrose and 4% sorbitol) were used as the control group.RESULTSThe results obtained suggest that, with the increase in frozen storage time, the structural performance of surimi protein gradually weakened (e.g. the decrease in the surface hydrophobicity, the increase in the total sulfhydryl and solubility, and the protein myosin heavy chain bands became shallow) and surimi gel quality gradually deteriorated (e.g. the decrease in water‐holding capacity, gel strength and all texture profile attributes). However, compared with the other three group surimi samples during the frozen period, the surimi proteins with partial replacement of sucrose by EGCG had a higher total sulfhydryl group content and solubility of proteins, as well as lower surface hydrophobicity of protein, suggesting that the addition of EGCG as a partial substitute for sucrose can enhance the antifreeze ability of surimi. Meanwhile, the surimi gel with the partial replacement of sucrose by EGCG had a higher water retention capacity, gel strength and texture attributes (e.g. hardness, springiness, cohesiveness, chewiness, and resilience), indicating that the addition of EGCG as a partial substitute for sucrose can inhibit the deterioration of surimi gel quality.CONCLUSIONOverall, EGCG partially replacing sucrose can play an alternative cryoprotectant with a lower sweetness to prevent the quality of surimi from deteriorating. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
From posttraumatic stress symptoms to suicidal ideation among military veterans: Pathways founded on meaning in life and gratitude
Authors: Kumar Shaina A. , Taverna Emily , Borowski Shelby , Smith Brian N. , Vogt Dawne 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMilitary veterans experience higher rates of suicidal ideation compared to nonveteran populations. Importantly, suicidal ideation often precedes and predicts fatal and nonfatal suicide attempts, and thus it is critical to better understand factors that increase risk for suicidal ideation to inform suicide prevention efforts in this population. One key predictor of suicidal ideation is exposure to traumatic experiences and their sequelae, particularly posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). However, little work has explored how deficits in well‐being contribute to this association among veterans. We tested two aspects of well‐being—meaning in life and gratitude—as potential mechanisms underlying the pathway from PTSS to suicidal ideation among 7,388 men and women veterans who recently separated from service. A parallel mediation analysis revealed significant paths from more severe PTSS to more frequent suicidal ideation through diminished meaning in life, B = 0.005, SE = 0.001, 95% CI [0.004, 0.007], and gratitude, B = 0.001, SE = 0.001, 95% CI [< 0.001, 0.002]. Gender differences were also observed. Although the results related to meaning in life appeared to replicate across gender, pathways involving gratitude differed among men and women. Overall, our findings suggest that helping veterans build meaning and appreciation in everyday life may be a proactive and holistic approach to suicide prevention.
Cutaneous manifestations of systemic diseases in Afro‐Caribbean skin
Authors: Cordel Nadège 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThere is a need for training dermatologists in skin of colour's common and less common dermatoses due to the increasing diversity of the world population. The aim of this review is to highlight on cutaneous manifestations of systemic diseases in Afro‐Caribbean people, especially sarcoidosis, dermatomyositis, systemic sclerosis, systemic lupus.
Quantification of Heavy Metals in the Nasal Turbines of Smokers and Nonsmokers
Authors: Öner Fatih , Mazlumoğlu Muhammet Recai , Kurt Osman , Kurt Nezahat , Ücüncü Harun 
Published: March 2024

ObjectivesCigarette smoke is known to contain toxic heavy metals. In this study, heavy metal levels in the nasal turbinate tissues of smokers and nonsmokers were measured and compared with Inductively Coupled Plasma‐Mass Spectrometry (ICP‐MS).MethodsForty patients who come to the Otorhinolaryngology outpatient clinic due to nasal obstruction and are given an appointment for partial turbinate reduction operation due to inferior turbinate hypertrophy, according to their smoking status, were divided into two groups: those who had smoked one pack/day for at least 10 years and those who had never smoked. The levels of heavy metals (Al, As, Ba, Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Pb, Mn, Hg, Ni, Se, and Ag) were compared by ICP‐MS in nasal turbinate tissues.ResultsAl (p = 0.002), Cr (p < 0.001), Co (p < 0.001), Ni (p = 0.001), Cu (p < 0.001), As (p < 0.001), Se (p < 0.001), Ag (p < 0.001), Cd (p = 0.001), Ba (p = 0.008), Hg (p < 0.001), and Pb (p < 0.001) values in the smoker group were found to be significantly higher than the values of nonsmokers. Although the Mn level was high in smokers, no significant difference was observed (p = 0.299).ConclusionsSmoking can cause nasal and sinus problems. In this study, we observed that the smoking group had significantly higher levels of almost all the heavy metals investigated in the nasal turbinate tissues. As smoking damages, the mucociliary system and the mucosa, heavy metals from cigarettes may accumulate further and cause harm to the nasal tissues.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 134:3562–3567, 2024
Removal of Metal Tracheal Stent: A Difficult Foreign Body
Authors: Marget Matthew J. , Gelbard Alexander 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionWith its introduction in 1986, the use of metal tracheal stents gained favor due to relative ease of deployment and reduced risk of stent migration and mucus plugging. However, adverse events associated with metal stenting led the FDA to publish a recommendation against its use for benign airway stenosis in 2005. We present a case which illustrates the difficulty in removal of a metal stent from the airway.Case ReportOur patient is a 47‐year‐old woman with a history of postintubation tracheal stenosis. She underwent multiple interventions with Thoracic Surgery at an outside facility, including stenting with an Ultraflex expandable metal stent. Her course was complicated by recurrent intraluminal granulation tissue, which led to placement of additional metal stents, as well as a tracheostomy due to obstructive proximal granulation tissue. On presentation at our institution, removal of the stents was recommended due to recurrent tracheitis and proximity of stent fragments to the innominate artery on CT imaging. She underwent direct microlaryngoscopy and bronchoscopy, and stent fragments were removed using a hemostat through the trach stoma. Postoperative imaging has confirmed retained stent fragments, and additional procedures have been required for further removal.Discussion/ConclusionRemoval of metal stents from the trachea is challenging for several reasons. Neoepithelization of respiratory mucosa makes identification of fragments difficult. Furthermore, growth of granulation tissue through the metal lattice framework, as well as the stents' tendency to fracture, complicates extraction. This case illustrates the dangers of metal stenting for benign airway stenosis. Laryngoscope, 134:3977–3980, 2024
Corrosion behavior of Ni–25Cr–10Fe–3Si–xMo alloys beneath KCl–ZnCl2 deposits at 650°C: Role of long‐term aging
Authors: Jia Guodong , Xu Wanjian , Wang Zixie , Li Jun , Xiao Xueshan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe corrosion behavior of unaged and thermally aged Ni–25Cr–10Fe–3Si–xMo (x = 0, 3 wt%) alloys was studied beneath KCl–ZnCl2 deposits at 650°C. The results indicated that the addition of Mo promoted the formation of a continuous Si‐rich protective layer and improved the corrosion performance of the unaged Ni–25Cr–10Fe–3Si–xMo alloys. The precipitates formed after long‐term aging greatly affect the corrosion resistance of the thermally aged alloys. The M23C6 along the grain boundaries is beneficial to improve corrosion resistance, however, the dispersed Laves phase and Sigma deteriorate corrosion resistance.
Hot corrosion resistance of oxide‐doped yttria‐stabilized zirconia powder in V2O5 molten salt
Authors: Ankah Nestor K. , Gasem Zuhair M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe hot corrosion resistance of 8 wt.% yttria‐stabilized zirconia (8YSZ) powder, modified with CaO, MgO, Ta2O5, and TiO2 at concentrations of 5, 10, and 15 wt.%, was systematically investigated in a molten vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) environment at 900°C and 1100°C for 48 h. The modified 8YSZ samples, coated with V2O5, underwent thermal cycling totaling 12 cycles. Results revealed susceptibility to hot corrosion for all doped 8YSZ powders, attributed to tetragonal ZrO2 destabilization, forming monoclinic ZrO2. Remarkably, 8YSZ/CaO demonstrated exceptional resistance to hot corrosion when exposed to a temperature of 900°C. The corrosion product found in the 8YSZ/Ta2O5 material was determined to be tetragonal Zr0.66Y0.17Ta0.17O2. Although, 8YSZ/TiO2 undergoes deterioration at 900°C, it exhibits improved resistance at 1100°C, resulting in the formation of TiVO4.
Merging Modular Molecular Design with High Throughput Screening of Cell Adhesion on Antimicrobial Supramolecular Biomaterials
Authors: Schmitz Moniek G. J. , Aarts Jasper G. M. , Burroughs Laurence , Sudarsanam Phanikrishna , Kuijpers Tim J. M. , Riool Martijn , de Boer Leonie , Xue Xuan , Bosnacki Dragan , Zaat Sebastian A. J. , de Boer Jan , Alexander Morgan R. , Dankers Patricia Y. W. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA polymer microarray based on the supramolecular ureido‐pyrimidinone (UPy) moiety is fabricated to screen antimicrobial materials for their ability to support cell adhesion. UPy‐functionalized additives, either cell‐adhesive, antimicrobial or control peptides, are used, and investigated in different combinations at different concentrations, resulting in a library of 194 spots. These are characterized on composition and morphology to evaluate the microarray fabrication. Normal human dermal fibroblasts are cultured on the microarrays and cell adhesion to the spots is systematically analyzed. Results demonstrate enhanced cell adhesion on spots with combinations including the antimicrobial peptides. This study clearly proves the power of the high throughput approach in combination with supramolecular molecules, to screen additive libraries for desired biological response.