bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Avalanche Effect Analysis Algorithm Considering both Single and Double Key Pair RSA Algorithms
Authors: Horra Eden Megerssa , Beyene Asrat Mulatu , Techan Sofonias Yitagesu 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Avalanche effect analysis is one of the metrics used to evaluate the security strength of cryptographic algorithms. Existing Avalanche effect analysis algorithms are based on fixed bit length, statistical & manual inputs, one-bit change only, and manual counting & calculation. They do not, for instance, consider analyzing the strength of double key pair Rivest, Shamir and Adelman (RSA) algorithms that are widely used in cloud platforms. Therefore, in this work, we have proposed an Enhanced Avalanche Effect Analysis Algorithm of Single and Double Key Pair RSA Algorithms (EAE-SDKP-RSA). In this algorithm, N bit changes, flexible bit length, automated counting & calculation, and double key pair RSA are considered. Then, avalanche effect analysis of both single key pair (SKP) and double key pair (DKP) RSA algorithms is conducted and the results are compared using the proposed avalanche effect analysis algorithm. Results show that the avalanche effect performance of RSA, Enhanced and Secured RSA Key Generation Scheme (ESRKGS), Hidden Modulus (HM) RSA, Modified RSA (MRSA) and Double Key Pair and Hidden Modulus (DKPHM) RSA is found to be more than 50%, on average, which shows that they can withstand both direct flipped bit and compliment of flipped bit attacks.
Species Identification of Palm Leaf Manuscript Based on Py-GC/MS
Authors: CHEN Qingle , Yimin YANG , Bin Han , JIANG Hongen 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Palm Leaf Manuscripts (PLMs) are commonly crafted from leaves of the talipot palm (Corypha umbraculifera) and the palmyra palm (Borassus flabellifer). To identify PLMs made from these two palm species, one chemical marker from the talipot palm and three from the palmyra palm are identified by application of Pyrolysis gas chromatography mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS). These markers have successfully and been identified in recently manufactured PLMs as well as certain naturally aged PLMs, which indicates that they have specific identification values. The results of principal component analysis (PCA) on selected lignin pyrolysis products reveal a significant difference between the talipot palm and the three groups of the palmyra palm. For the identification of aged PLMs, a combination of the two analytical methods (Py-GC/MS and PCA) is necessary for accurate determination and discrimination of markers. This study provides a solid scientific foundation for determining the source plant species of ancient PLMs.
Enhancing the classification accuracy by intra-concentration and the distance between the class boundaries instead of the class centers
Authors: Tabaghsar Bahman Jafari , Forghani Yahya , Sheibani Reza 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The softmax loss function is a commonly used loss function in the field of classification, which aims to increase the angle between two classes in feature space. However, it has some limitations such as class overlap and treating all misclassifications equally, and issue with imbalanced classes. Recently, the I2CS (Intra concentration and inter-separability) loss function has been proposed with a different approach from the softmax loss function, which is compressing data at the center and increasing class distance through the class center, which makes it able to overcome some of the limitations such as class-imbalanced problems, outliers and discover samples of unseen classes. Nevertheless, it still suffers from class overlap problem. Therefore, we have designed a new loss function with a novel approach to not only overcome the limitations of the softmax loss function but also address the class overlap issue of I2CS, and be effective in dealing with class imbalances. Furthermore, our purpose loss function has been thoroughly tested on a variety of standard benchmark datasets such as MNIST, CIFAR, and LFW as well as on imbalanced MNIST class, showcasing enhanced performance when contrasted with the softmax loss function and other widely-used loss functions.
Relationship between Farnesoid X Receptor and Macrophage Polarization Status in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Yu Hong , Huang Guodong , Li Li , Lei Zhang , Lu Hongda 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Purpose: Colorectal cancer exhibits insensitivity to immunotherapy, which may be associated with the polarization state of macrophages in the immune microenvironment. This study aims to investigate the expression of the Farnesoid X receptor in colorectal cancer, and analyze its correlation with clinical pathological features and the polarization state of macrophages.
Methods: Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect the expression of FXR in colorectal cancer tissues, as well as the infiltration of M1 and M2 macrophages. Statistical analysis was conducted to explore the relationship between farnesoid X receptor expression and clinical pathological characteristics, as well as macrophage polarization status.
Results: The positive rates of farnesoid X receptor in tumor cells and tumor stroma were 29.03% and 45.16%, respectively. The expression of farnesoid X receptor in tumor cells was associated with tumor location. The expression of farnesoid X receptor in tumor stroma was associated with the polarization status of macrophages, with a higher infiltration of M1 macrophages and a higher M1/M2 ratio in the farnesoid X receptor-positive group, indicating better immunotherapy outcomes and a favorable prognosis.
Conclusion: farnesoid X receptor is expressed in both colorectal cancer tumor cells and tumor stroma, and is closely related to the clinical pathological characteristics and immune microenvironment of colorectal cancer.
Enrichment of Artemia franciscana with soybean-lecithin and its beneficial effect on biochemical composition of broodstocks and fatty acids composition of eggs in Cichlid Green Terror (Aequidens rivulatus)
Authors: Jamali Hadi , Ahmadifard Nasrollah , Noori Farzaneh , Agh Naser , Gisbert Enric 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In the current study, the performance of soybean lecithin-enriched adult Artemia franciscana and its beneficial effects as a replacement for commercial diet were evaluated by determining the biochemical and fatty acid composition of broodstocks and eggs of green terror cichlid (Aequidens rivulatus) for 90 days. Eight hundred and ten fish (3.1 ± 0.2 g) were randomly allotted into glass aquaria (80 L) and assigned to ten dietary treatments at five different replacement levels (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100%) of the commercial diet (CD) with either un-enriched Artemia (UA) or lecithin-enriched Artemia (EA). Based on the results, enrichment of Adult Artemia with soy lecithin increased body lipid content in 25% EN, 50% EN and 75% EN treatments, although there was no significant difference between dry matter, crude protein and ash between the diet groups (P < 0.05). The highest level of total polar lipid (18.26%) was observed in broodstocks of Green Terror fed 50CD: 50EA. Based on fatty acid composition, the highest amount of saturated fatty acids of broodstocks of Green Terror was revealed in 75CD: 25UA and 50CD: 50UA treatments. The lowest amount of monounsaturated fatty acids was observed in the 50CD: 50EA treatment. The highest amount of DHA (17.81%) was observed in 25CD: 75EAtreatment. The fatty acid analysis of eggs showed significantly higher SFA and lower MUFA in 75CD: 25EA treatment. Furthermore, the PUFA and DHA level exhibit significantly higher in 50CD: 50EA treatment. In conclusion, the 50CD: 50EA diet improved the lipid and fatty acid composition of Green Terror cichlid fish and therefore, this feeding strategy can be recommended in upgrading the nutritional management of this species.
Pomelo Fiber-Stabilized Oil-in-Water Emulsion Gels: Fat Mimetic in Plant-Based Ice Cream
Authors: Li Xuerui , Zhou Shengquan , Chen Haohan , Zhang Ruojie , Wang Lufeng 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Plant-based ice cream has become a popular option among consumers as it represents a healthy lifestyle. A critical challenge in current research is creating a stable, oil-based system as a cream substitute. This study investigates using a pomelo fiber and soy protein isolate-based emulsion as a viable cream substitute in ice cream. Findings demonstrate that pomelo fiber, combined with soy protein isolate, effectively stabilizes corn oil, forming an oil-in-water emulsion gel. Increasing the proportion of pomelo fiber increases the elastic modulus of the emulsion, reduces the average particle size and improves stability. The gel emulsion oil enhances stability, reduces the ice cream slurry's stability index, and improves overrun rate and melt resistance. Sensory evaluation confirmed that the emulsion gel, based on pomelo fiber and soy isolate protein, acts as an effective and novel fat mimetic in plant-based ice creams, offering a groundbreaking method for replacing traditional fats in their formulation.
Conversing with business process-aware Large Language Models: the BPLLM framework
Authors: Bernardi Mario Luca , Casciani Angelo , Cimitile Marta , Marrella Andrea 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Traditionally, process-aware Decision Support Systems (DSSs) have been enhanced with AI functionalities to facilitate quick and informed decision-making. In this context, AI-Augmented Business Process Management Systems have emerged as innovative human-centric information systems, blending flexibility, autonomy, and conversational capability. Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly boosted such systems, showcasing remarkable natural language processing capabilities across various tasks. Despite the potential of LLMs to support human decisions in business contexts, empirical validations of their effectiveness for process-aware Decision Support are scarce in the literature.In this paper, we propose the Business Process Large Language Model (BPLLM) framework, a novel approach for enacting actionable conversations with human workers. BPLLM couples Retrieval-Augmented Generation with fine-tuning, to enrich process-specific knowledge.Additionally, a process-aware chunking approach is incorporated to enhance the BPLLM pipeline. The approach has been evaluated in various experimental scenarios to assess its ability to generate accurate and contextually relevant answers to users' questions. The empirical study shows the promising performance of the framework in identifying the presence of particular activities and sequence flows within the considered process model, offering insights into its potential for enhancing process-aware DSSs.
Cytometry in the short-wave infrared
Authors: Lin Ching-Wei , Liu Te-I , Wang Jhih-Shan , Nguyen Ai-Phuong , Raabe Marco , Quiroz Carlos , Lin Chih-Hsin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Cytometry plays a crucial role in characterizing cell properties, but its restricted optical window (400-850 nm) limits the number of stained fluorophores that can be detected simultaneously and hampers the study and utilization of short-wave infrared (SWIR; 900-1,700 nm) fluorophores in cells. Here we introduce two SWIR-based methods to address these limitations: SWIR flow cytometry and SWIR image cytometry. We develop a quantification protocol for deducing cellular fluorophore mass. Both systems achieve a limit of detection of ~0.1 fg cell−1 within a 30-min experimental timeframe, using individualized, high-purity (6,5) single-wall carbon nanotubes as a model fluorophore and macrophage-like RAW264.7 as a model cell line. This high-sensitivity feature reveals that low-dose (6,5) serves as an antioxidant, and cell morphology and oxidative stress dose-dependently correlate with (6,5) uptake. Our SWIR cytometry holds immediate applicability for existing SWIR fluorophores and offers a solution to the issue of spectral overlapping in conventional cytometry.
Effect of exogenous lipids contamination on blood gas analysis
Authors: Pighi Laura , Salvagno Gian Luca , Tiziani Elena , Castellini Maria Elena , Ferraro Roberta , Henry Brandon M. , Lippi Giuseppe 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of contamination of venous blood with a lipid-containing solution on parameters measured by a modern blood gas analyzer.
Methods. We collected venous blood from 17 healthcare workers (46±11 years; 53% women) into three blood gas syringes containing 0%, 5% and 10% lipid-containing solution. Blood gas analysis was performed within 15 min from sample collection on GEM Premier 5000, while triglycerides and serum indices were assays on Roche COBAS C702.
Results. Triglycerides concentration increased from 1.0±0.3 mmol/L in the uncontaminated blood gas syringe, to 39.4±7.8 and 65.3±14.4 mmol/L (both p<0.001) in syringes with 5% and 10% final lipid contamination. The lipemic and icteric indices increased accordingly. Statistically significant variation was noted for all analytes except hematocrit and COHb in the syringe with 5% lipids, while only COHb did not vary in the syringe with 10% lipids. Significant increases were observed from 5% lipid contamination for pO2, SO2 and lactate, while the values of pH, pCO2, sodium, potassium, chloride, ionized calcium, glucose, hematocrit (10% contamination), hemoglobin and MetHB decreased. All these changes except lactate and CoHb exceeded their relative performance specifications.
Conclusions. Artifactual hyperlipidemia caused by contamination with exogenous lipids can have a clinically significant impact on blood gas analysis. Manufacturers of blood gas analyzers must be persuaded to develop new instruments equipped with serum indices.
Enhancement of ubiquitination-dependent mitophagy by unconventionally-acting PROTACs
Authors: Wen Long-ping 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Enhancing mitophagy, a naturally-occurring cellular process for elimination of damaged mitochondria, holds great promise for the intervention of many human diseases. Proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) are heterobifunctional molecules that induce ubiquitination and subsequent proteasome-mediated degradation of a target protein through simultaneously binding to the target protein and an E3 ubiquitin ligase. However, the narrow cavity of the proteasome prevents the degradation of mitochondria. Here we show that the E3 ubiquitin ligase MAP3K1, when recruited to the outer mitochondria membrane (OMM) protein TSPO or VDAC by our PROTAC-designed molecules (termed “mitophagy-enhancing chimeras”, or MECs), induced extensive K63 ubiquitination of TSPO and other OMM proteins, reminiscent of the PINK1-activated PARKIN, without triggering proteasome-mediated degradation of TSPO. Aided by NBR1 and Nur77, this increased K63 ubiquitination of OMM proteins triggered mitophagy exclusively for damaged mitochondria, leading to improved mitochondria function and diminished cellular ROS. With the capability to enhance mitophagy at low nanomolar concentrations, MECs effectively inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation, abrogated acetaminophen-induced acute liver injury and mitigated high-fat diet-induced obesity in mice. Our work provided a proof-of-concept for developing unconventionally-acting PROTACs to achieve degradation of damaged mitochondria and possibly other organelles.
cmahalanobis: A R Package for Computing Mahalanobis Distance Between Factors
Authors: Gioia Flavio 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Mahalanobis distance is a measure of dissimilarity between two vectors of multi- variate random variables, based on the covariance matrix. This distance is useful for statistical matching or statistical fusion of data, as well as for detecting differ- ences between factors. In this paper, we present the cmahalanobis package, a R package that provides a function to compute the Mahalanobis distance between every pair of species in a list of data frames. Each data frame contains the obser- vations of a species with some variables. The cmahalanobis package is based on the formula of the Mahalanobis distance and exploits the stats functions of R for matrix computation. The cmahalanobis package offers several options for han- dling missing data, standardizing variables, and selecting relevant variables. The cmahalanobis package differs from other similar packages for its simplicity, flexi- bility, and speed. We show some applications of the cmahalanobis package with real data sets embedded in R, such as mtcars and iris, and with the BFI dataset RDocumentation and William Revelle (2024), which contains 2800 observations and 25 personality items representing five factors that are: Agreeableness, Consci- entiousness, Extraversion, Neuroticism, and Opennness. We illustrate the results with graphs and tables. We conclude that the cmahalanobis package is an effec- tive and practical tool for computing the Mahalanobis distance, and we suggest some possible extensions or improvements for the future of the package
An Investigation on Consumer Behavior Concerning “Trendy Drink” in Islamic View
Authors: Syafira Shofwah , Wijayanti Farah Nur Syafi`ah , Wildatika Nerning Galidha 
Published: March 2024

This study was aimed to determine drivers of consumer trust, satisfaction and recommendation to others regarding “Trendy Drink” Mixue Ice Cream Tea. Based on literature review, most of consumer behavior studies were investigated by a single method. Furthermore, research on consumer perspectives concerning food safety in Islamic were still limited. Hence, we extended this study using mixed method. Sampling used is purposive with characteristics Moslem, 17 years old or over and has purchased Mixue Ice Cream and tea in the outlet. Firslty, open-ended interviews were carried out to gather data amplified by second phase of data collection was online survey and the data of 234 participants were analyzed utilizing SEM-PLS. Study revealed that consumers perceived food as safe attributed to its appearance, taste, smell, certification and quality. Additionally, study uncobered that food safety and information credibility were prominent drivers of consumer behavior. This paper explored an underexposed concern on product safety in Islamic view. It contributes to the marketing field empirically, theoretically and practically by extending the implementation of food safety, source of credibility theory, and Maslow`s hierarchy of need theory in the Islamic marketing and food beverages context. Additionally, applying a mixed-method for data analysis broadened the research results` generalisability.
Examining the efficacy of the legal framework governing the management of greywater in South Africa's informal settlements
Authors: Vala Babalo , Malazaa Ntokozo 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

The management of greywater and sanitation in South Africa's urban informal settlements is a pressing concern. This review critically examines the legal framework that governs greywater management in South Africa's informal settlements, aiming to shed light on the existing regulations, gaps, and opportunities for sustainable greywater reuse. By scrutinizing the legal framework, the review identifies gaps and challenges in the regulatory environment, including inconsistencies, lack of clarity, and limited enforcement mechanisms. It explores the potential for international best practices to inform possible amendments to the existing legal framework. This was a quantitative research design utilizing a cross sectional survey model. Questionnaires were administered electronically to a sample of 17 municipal leaders from the City of Tshwane, City of Johannesburg and Buffalo City municipalities whose responsibilities were on water management. Descriptive statistics were employed in analysis of the data. Outcomes were reviewed against the alignment or the lack thereof with the SANS 1732:201x standards. This paper underscores the critical need for a coherent and robust legal framework to support responsible greywater management in South Africa's informal settlements. The paper's insights contribute to the ongoing discourse on water governance, shedding light on the pathways toward a more equitable water future.
Influence and mechanism of solids on the air pressure fluctuations on the building drainage system
Authors: Xu Ping , Wang Ke , Fu Xue , Liu Zhuangzhuang , Song Yilin 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

The conventional building drainage system was constructed based on the theory of two-phase flow involving water and air. However, the drainage system contained a more intricate three-phase flow, encompassing water, air, and solids, which was relatively overlooked in research. This study addressed the impact of solids on pressure fluctuations, air flow rates, and hydraulic jump fullness within the drainage system, considering three factors: the mass factor, cross-section factor, and viscosity. The investigation was conducted within a single-stack system using both experimental methods and CFD simulations. The findings revealed a positive correlation between both positive and negative pressures and above three factors. The mass factor and the cross-section factor had a more significant impact on the negative pressure of the system. The maximum growth rates of negative pressure extremes under different mass and cross-section factors reached 7.72 and 16.52%, respectively. In contrast, the viscosity of fecal sludge had a slightly higher effect on the positive pressure fluctuation of the drainage system, with the maximum growth rate of positive pressure extremes at 3.41%.
Biobased Nanomaterials: Pioneering Innovations for Biomedical Advancements
Authors: Sharma Himanshu , Garg Nitika , Dhankhar Sanchit , MIttal Pooja , Chauhan Samrat , Saini Monika 
Published: March 2024

Abstract:
The purpose of this review article is to provide a complete overview of the fastdeveloping
topic of biobased nanomaterials and the various uses that they have. An extensive study
into the utilization of biological resources for nanotechnology has been motivated by the growing
demand for materials that are both sustainable and favorable to the environment. In this review, the
different uses of biobased nanomaterials across a variety of fields are investigated. When it comes to
drug delivery systems, biosensors, nanocarriers, and catalysts, biobased nanomaterials are interesting
choices because of their unique qualities. These properties include biocompatibility, programmable
surface chemistry, and inherent functionality. Also, in the biomedical field, biobased nanomaterials
offer promising prospects for revolutionizing medical diagnostics and therapies. Their biocompatibility,
tunable surface chemistry, and inherent functionalities make them attractive candidates
for applications such as targeted drug delivery, imaging contrast agents, and tissue engineering
scaffolds. In addition, the study discusses the current difficulties and potential future developments
in the industry, emphasizing the necessity of interdisciplinary collaboration and ongoing innovation.
The incorporation of nanomaterials derived from biological sources into conventional applications
holds tremendous potential for the advancement of sustainable development and provides solutions
to global concerns. For the purpose of providing researchers, scientists, and professionals with a
complete grasp of the synthesis, characterization, and applications of biobased nanomaterials, the
purpose of this review is to serve as a helpful resource.