bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HTT, ATXN1 and ATXN2 CAG triplet repeat sizes: exploring their role in the disease risk and cancer comorbidity in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Pérez-Oliveira Sergio , Álvarez Ignacio , Menéndez-González Manuel , Duarte-Herrera Israel David , Blázquez-Estrada Marta , Castilla-Silgado Juan , Suárez Esther , García-Fernández Ciara , Siso-García Pablo , García-González Pablo , Rosende-Roca Maitee , Boada Mercè , Ruiz Agustín , Infante Jon , De la Casa-Fages Beatriz , González-Aramburu Isabel , Álvarez Victoria , Pastor Pau 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Parkinson’s disease genetic embraces genetic and non-genetic factors. It has been suggested a link between CAG repeat number in the HTT, ATXN1 and ATXN2 genes and different neurodegenerative diseases. Several genetic factors involved in Parkinson’s disease development are indeed associated with cancer pathways. Moreover, several studies found a low prevalence of cancer in neurodegenerative diseases that can be associated with a low CAG repeat size in several genes. This study aimed to investigate the influence of CAG repeat sizes in ATXN1, ATXN2 and HTT genes on the risk for developing cancer and Parkinson’s disease in a large cohort of patients with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease and healthy controls. The work included 1052 patients with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease and 1070 controls of European ancestry. CAG repeat sizes in HTT, ATXN1 and ATXN2 genes were analysed. Dunn’s multiple comparison test for quantitative variables and logistic and linear regression were used. The long ATXN1 and HTT alleles and CAG size and both the ATXN2 short and long alleles were predictors for the Parkinson’s disease risk. The long CAG ATXN1 allele gene was associated with the risk of cancer. No association was observed between CAG size in the HTT and ATXN2 genes and risk of cancer in patients with Parkinson’s disease. We described an association of HTT, ATXN1 and ATXN2 with the risk of Parkinson’s disease, which reinforce the hypothesis of the common pathway of neurodegeneration. Besides, ATXN1 could be a predictor of cancer risk among patients with Parkinson’s disease, and these results suggest that cancer and neurodegeneration processes can share common pathways.
Complex formation between n-alkyltrimethylammonium bromides and water-soluble calix[n]arenes
Authors: Murakami Kiyofumi , Tani Seiji , Waizumi Kenji 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Complex formation between n-alkyltrimethylammonium bromides and water-soluble calix[n]arenes (n = 4, 6, 8) (CALXSn) was studied by potentiometric titration and molecular dynamic simulation. The binding isotherms were found to be composed of two phases; the first phase is strong specific binding to a few sites and the second phase is cooperative binding to the residual sites. Binding constant for the first specific binding was found to increase with an increase in the number of ring members of CALXSn. Binding constants for CALXS4 and CALXS6 systems did not change significantly with the length of the surfactant's alkyl chain and with the pH change from 7.0 to 12.5, while that for CALXS8 systems tended to increase with an increase in the alkyl-chain length. The specific binding disappeared with the pH increase. The thermodynamic parameters showed an enthalpy-entropy compensation relation with a compensation temperature of 289 K. The second phase was observed mainly for n-dodecyltrimethylammonium-CALXSn systems. The cooperativity parameter was found to increase with an increase in the number of ring member of CALXSn and is attributed to the contribution of increasing conformational flexibility of CALXSn as the number of ring members increases. MD simulation on CALXSn with and without n-alkyltrimethylammonium ion provided structural interpretation for the features of binding data.
Delphi Panel consensus on recommendations for thromboprophylaxis of venous thromboembolism in endogenous Cushing's syndrome: a Position Statement
Authors: Isand Kristina , Arima Hiroshi , Bertherat Jerome , Dekkers Olaf M , Feelders Richard A , Fleseriu Maria , Gadelha Monica R , Hinojosa-Amaya Jose Miguel , Karavitaki Niki , Klok Frederikus A , McCormack Ann , Newell-Price John , Pavord Sue , Reincke Martin , Sinha Saurabh , Valassi Elena , Wass John , Pereira Alberto M 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective
To establish recommendations for thromboprophylaxis in patients with endogenous Cushing's syndrome (CS), addressing the elevated risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) associated with hypercortisolism.

Methods
A Delphi method was used, consisting of four rounds of voting and subsequent discussions. The panel included 18 international experts from 11 countries and 4 continents.
Consensus was defined as ≥75% agreement among participants. Recommendations were structured into the following categories: thromboprophylaxis, perioperative management, and VTE treatment.

Results
Consensus was reached on several critical areas, resulting in 14 recommendations. Key recommendations include: thromboprophylaxis should be considered at time of CS diagnosis and continued for three months after biochemical remission, provided there are no obvious contraindications. The standard weight-based prophylactic dose of low molecular weight heparin is the preferred agent for thromboprophylaxis in patients with CS. Additionally, perioperatively and around inferior petrosal sinus sampling, thromboprophylaxis should be reconsidered if not already initiated at diagnosis. For VTE treatment, extended thromboprophylaxis is advised continuing for three months after Cushing is resolved.

Conclusion
These Delphi consensus-based recommendations aim to standardise care practices and enhance patient outcomes in CS by providing guidance on thromboprophylaxis, including its initiation and continuation across various disease states, as well as the preferred agents to use. The panel also highlighted key areas for further research, particularly regarding the use of direct oral anticoagulants in CS and the management of mild CS and mild autonomous cortisol secretion. Additionally, the optimal duration of anticoagulant prophylaxis following curative treatment remains uncertain.
Effects of short-term dietary oxytetracycline treatment in the farmed fish Piaractus mesopotamicus
Authors: Griboff Julieta , Carrizo Juan Cruz , Bacchetta Carla , Rossi Andrea , Wunderlin Daniel Alberto , Cazenave Jimena , Amé María Valeria 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Oxytetracycline (OTC), a key antibiotic used in global aquaculture, has still unclear ecotoxicological effects. In this study, freshwater fish Piaractus mesopotamicus were fed with diets containing 750 mg kg−1 either pure OTC (ATB1) or commercial OTC (ATB2) for 10 days (treatment period-TP), followed by a 21-day withdrawal period (depuration period-DP). Fish fed with ATB2 showed decreased hematocrit (at DP) and increased glucose levels (TP and DP). In general, catalase activity increased in the liver, gills, and muscle of OTC-treated individuals at both TP and DP, particularly with ATB2. Similarly, glutathione S-transferase activity rose in the brain, gills, and muscle (TP and DP). Conversely, alkaline phosphatase activity in the liver decreased in both treated groups (TP and DP). Additionally, only ATB2 induced lactate dehydrogenase in fish muscle after 1-day depuration. Principal components analysis (PCA) identified most antioxidant enzymes, hematocrit, weight, length, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration as key biomarkers, distinguishing ATB2 from control fish. These results indicate that the dietary therapeutic dose of OTC caused adverse effects in P. mesopotamicus. Differences in biomarker responses between ATB1 and ATB2 might be linked to unknown compounds in the commercial formulation, potentially influencing biological responses or altering OTC bioavailability. Further research on the toxicity of antimicrobial impurities and degradation compounds should accompany enhanced quality control measures in aquaculture to guarantee sustainable and safe products.
Role of rapid 12-lead electrocardiogram in triage initiatives for ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients self-presenting in emergency departments. A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Loh Evangeline , Chee Jancy , Roy Tanushri , Tam Wilson 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Aim
To assess impact of triage initiatives for rapid 12-lead electrocardiogram acquisition on Door-To-ECG, Door-To-Balloon, length of stay, and in-hospital mortality for self-presenting emergency department patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction.

Methods
This systematic review encompassed cohort studies, controlled trials, one-group pretest-post-test studies, interventional, observational, and randomized controlled trials assessing rapid acquisition of electrocardiograms for patients above 18 years experiencing symptoms of ST-elevation myocardial infarction in emergency departments. Data from seven databases underwent screening, extraction, and quality appraisals by two independent reviewers. Employing a random-effects model, meta-analyses were conducted for primary outcomes; Door-To-ECG, Door-To-Balloon, length of stay, and in-hospital mortality. Subgroup analyses and meta-regression were performed for meta-analyses with over 10 studies.

Results
This review included 25 studies with 19,475 ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients. All were cohort studies with acceptable evidence quality. Our findings revealed that enhanced triage initiatives for electrocardiograms related to significant reductions in Door-To-ECG (MD -6.45 minutes, P &lt; 0.001) and Door-To-Balloon (MD -24.40 minutes, P &lt; 0.001) times. More institutions met benchmarked goals for Door-To-ECG (MD 22.2%, P &lt; 0.001) and Door-To-Balloon (MD 15.6%, P &lt; 0.001) times. Improvements reported in length of stays and in-hospital mortality were not significant. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses revealed significant differences in Door-To-ECG times but not in Door-To-Balloon times.

Conclusion
Positive impacts of such initiatives on ST-elevation myocardial infarction patient outcomes offer institutions opportunities to improve triage processes and training. Future research should focus on extended follow-up and larger sample sizes for a comprehensive understanding of sustained impacts.

Registration
PROSPERO: CRD42023472392
Increased fluid accumulation, reduced physical activity and heart rate variability during national holidays in patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices
Authors: Olsson Anneli , Rylance Rebecca , Borgquist Rasmus , Mohammad Moman A , Erlinge David , Platonov Pyotr G 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Aims
The higher incidence of myocardial infarction (MI) during national holidays could be caused by overindulgence of food and beverages, potentially straining the heart of vulnerable individuals. Monitoring decreased thoracic impedance by cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIED) can be used for detection of fluid accumulation. We aimed to assess the relationship between cardiac metrics and national holidays in patients with CIED.

Methods and results
Patients with CIED-based impedance monitoring at a tertiary care hospital in Sweden were screened. Patients were included if they had data for at least one holiday (Christmas, New Year, or Midsummer) between June 2015 and January 2020. Thoracic impedance, heart rate variability, and activity during the holiday were compared with baseline values, defined as the average of 3 days preceding Christmas and Midsummer. Clinical characteristics were obtained from medical records. In total, 96 patients (82% men, age 69 ± 10 years, 92% ICD, 78% CRT, 72% with LVEF &lt; 40%) were included, which provided data for 649 patient-holidays. During Christmas Day, New Year’s Day, and Midsummer Day combined, impedance decreased by a mean of 1.1 Ohm [95% CI 0.7–1.6, P &lt; 0.001], heart rate variability decreased by a mean of 8.0 ms [4.9–11.2, P &gt; 0.001] and daily activity by a mean of 40 min [35–45, P &lt; 0.001]. One ventricular tachycardia event requiring shock therapy was documented during the holiday.

Conclusion
A transient decrease in thoracic impedance, heart rate variability, and physical activity was observed during national holidays, potentially contributing to the higher incidence of MI during holidays.
Positive correlations in susceptibility to a diverse panel of viruses across Drosophilidae host species
Authors: Imrie Ryan M , Wallace Megan A , Longdon Ben 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Our ability to predict the emergence of novel viruses relies on there being generalizable patterns in the susceptibilities of hosts to novel infections. Studies investigating variation in susceptibility among host species have consistently shown that closely related hosts share similar susceptibilities to a given virus. However, the extent to which such phylogenetic patterns of susceptibility are correlated among diverse sets of viruses is unclear. Here, we investigate phylogenetic correlations in susceptibility among Drosophilidae hosts to a panel of 11 different invertebrate viruses, comprising 7 unique virus species, 6 unique families, and both RNA and DNA viruses. The susceptibility of hosts to each pair of viruses tested was either positively correlated across host species or did not show evidence of correlation. No negative correlations, indicative of evolutionary trade-offs in host susceptibility to different viruses, were detected between any virus pairs. The strength of correlations was generally higher in viruses of the same species and family, consistent with virus phylogenetic patterns in host infectivity. Our results suggest that generalized host susceptibility can result in positive correlations, even between highly diverged viruses, while specialized interactions with individual viruses cause a stepwise decrease in correlation strength between viruses from the within-species, to the within-family, and to the across-family level.
Autonomous navigation of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for border patrolling: a stochastic framework
Authors: Biskin Busra , Fliege Jörg , Martinez-Sykora Antonio 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Accepted by: Aris Syntetos
This study focuses on the utilization of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in internal safety operations, specifically border patrolling. The objective is to explore a stochastic navigation strategy for UAVs that maximizes the probability of success in the face of uncertainty in intruder movement. A fully autonomous UAV algorithm is developed and tested through simulation in border violation scenarios. The algorithm enables the UAV to autonomously search, pursue and defend the area against intruders. By utilizing simulation optimization methods as simulated annealing, stochastic Nelder Mead and radial basis function, the movement strategy of the UAV is discovered in stochastic environments. The results showcase the effectiveness of the algorithms in scenarios where limited information about the intruder’s movement is available. The developed mathematical tools hold applicability in various real-life contexts, in defence and security operations. This research contributes to the field of surveillance strategies by presenting a sophisticated approach to enhance UAV navigation in uncertain environments, ultimately improving mission success rate.
Mass of particles released by comet 12P/Pons-Brooks during 2023-2024 outbursts
Authors: Gritsevich Maria , Wesołowski Marcin , Castro-Tirado Alberto J 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
During its most recent return, comet 12P/Pons-Brooks experienced 14 well-documented outbursts, observed between June 13, 2023, and April 2024, at heliocentric distances ranging from 4.26 au to 0.85 au. After perihelion, two additional outbursts were observed in summer 2024, at heliocentric distances of 1.20 au and 2.26 au. Using observational data, we developed a numerical model to estimate the mass ejected during these events, focusing on the sublimation of ice through the porous cometary nucleus. The key factors affecting ejected mass estimates are the outburst amplitude and the active surface area during both quiet sublimation and the outburst phases. Pogson’s law was used to express outburst magnitude, incorporating scattering cross-sections of cometary agglomerates. The model iteratively determined the mass ejected in observed outbursts, considering various ice types (H2O and CO2) controlling sublimation activity. Our results indicate that the mass ejected during these outbursts ranged from 1010 to 1013 kg. Our findings highlight the significant role of surface morphology and thermodynamic conditions in cometary outbursts, providing insights into the mechanisms driving these phenomena and their implications for cometary evolution and dust trail formation. Based on the analysis of observational data, we propose a six-level classification scheme for cometary outbursts.
The wages of investor power: shareholder exploitation in Europe
Authors: Soener Matthew , Norris Davon 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Exploitation, or the ability of property owners to gain at worker’s expense, is a classic sociological explanation for inequality. However, it is a difficult process to identify and empirically show with most data sources. Using data on European corporations from 1995 to 2020, we ask if shareholder gains come at the expense of employee earnings in a process we call “shareholder exploitation.” Panel estimation results confirm a robust antagonistic pattern with shareholders experiencing cumulative advantages relative to employees over this period. We further explore moderating mechanisms in this process. These results show globalization effects and the importance of the profit rate over time. Antagonism between shareholders and workers increases when profitability declines but attenuates when profitability increases and workers can claim more of the surplus. By using ideas from critical political economy, this paper has important implications for the study of inequality.
The Use of Pattern Recognition to Augment Traditional Monitoring in the Prevention of Opioid Overdose Harm
Authors: Patel Rakesh , Hopkins Anne Marie , Matta Basil , Wilson William C. , Sayed Hoomai , Park Linus , Dilanji Gabriel E. 
Published: February 2025

Objectives
The aim of the study was to investigate the correlation of a pattern recognition algorithm to the opioid overdose intervention activities of trained medical staff at a safe consumption site (SCS).

Methods
Continuous physiological data were collected using the Masimo Radius PPG pulse oximeter from volunteer users of nonprescribed, unregulated opioids at a SCS. The algorithm retrospectively calculated opioid-induced respiratory depression (OIRD) severity scores (Opioid Halo scores) were compared to interventions recorded by SCS staff.

Results
The study included data prospectively collected from 167 individuals, who underwent 370 sessions of intravenous injection of nonprescribed, unregulated opioids (Fentanyl). Interventions were documented for 150 sessions (~41%) by the SCS staff. The remaining 220 sessions had no interventions documented. The algorithm demonstrated a strong correlation with the intervention activities (Spearman ρ = 0.80, P < 0.001). The area under the receiver operating curve for the correlation with intervention activities (ie, supplemental oxygen or naloxone administration) was 0.94. The OIRD severity scores were significantly higher (P < 0.001) in sessions requiring interventions compared to nonintervention sessions.

Conclusions
In this study, the algorithm generated OIRD severity scores had a strong correlation with the intervention activities provided by SCS staff who were blinded to the study pulse oximeter and algorithm scores. This suggests that the algorithm may be useful in detecting severe opioid-induced respiratory depression for which intervention is needed.
The Orthopaedic Trauma Fellowship Application Process: An Analysis of the Applicant Experience
Authors: McKeeman Jonathan , Ramski David 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Several studies have analyzed the fellowship application process from the perspective of the program director and few have analyzed the application process from the perspective of the applicant. There is no study that analyzes orthopaedic trauma fellowship applicant perspectives on the application process to fellowship.

Methods:
An anonymous electronic survey was distributed via the Orthopaedic Trauma Association directory to all current orthopaedic trauma surgery fellows and attending physicians one year post-fellowship in the United States who completed fellowship in 2021-2022 and 2022-2023. The survey contained a total of 24 questions: 10 questions regarding demographics and accomplishments, 13 questions regarding interview statistics, preferences and expenses, and a set of questions concerning how applicants formed impressions of programs.

Results:
47/180 surgeons (26.11%) completed the survey. 37 (78.7%) were male. There was no associations between sex, USMLE Step 1, Step 2, or AOA status and number of interviews (R<0.20). There was a moderate correlation between the number of applications and number of interviews (R=0.68). Respondents valued faculty interaction (average scoring of 3.91 out of 4) and case volume/complexity (3.83 out of 4) the most. Research was the least valued program factor (2.19 out of 4). The average cost of applying to fellowship was $3331.84.

Conclusions:
Orthopaedic trauma fellowship applicants value case volume/complexity and faculty interaction the most and least value research. The financial burden of applying to fellowship is significant with most applicants spending over $3000. This study provides insight into factors that applicants value; which may lead to improved applicant satisfaction and reduced financial burden.
Feasibility of a new L43K ultrasound probe attachment for intraoperative laparoscopic ultrasonography in robot-assisted partial nephrectomy
Authors: Kobayashi Satoshi , Nakadate Ryu , Miyata Shinichi , Tsukino Keiji , Mutaguchi Jun , Ueda Shohei , Matsumoto Takashi , Monji Keisuke , Shiota Masaki , Inokuchi Junichi , Eto Masatoshi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
We assessed the feasibility of a new probe attachment (PA) developed to improve the ease of holding the drop-in-type L43K ultrasound probe during robot-assisted partial nephrectomy.

Materials and methods
We retrospectively analyzed the outcomes of 58 patients after robot-assisted partial nephrectomy using the conventional grip and 13 patients after surgery using the PA between September 2019 and February 2021. Propensity score matching (1:1) was performed to adjust for potential baseline confounders. The usability of the PA was evaluated regarding (1) total procedure time for intraoperative laparoscopic ultrasound; (2) proportion rate of intraoperative laparoscopic ultrasound in console time; (3) total number of probe fin grips; (4) total number of grip failures; (5) intraoperative laparoscopic ultrasound procedure time per grip; and (6) rate of successful gripping.

Results
After matching, 12 patients were allocated to each group, and the tumor site was significantly different between the groups. Usability was significantly better in the PA group: (1) conventional versus PA: 6.8 versus 7.6, p = 0.53; (2) 5.6% versus 6.1%, p = 0.61; (3) 8 versus 10, p = 0.32; (4) 3 versus 0, p = 0.014; and (5) 1.5% versus 0.7%, p = 0.021; (6) 66% versus 100%, p = 0.002. In patients with complex renal tumors, completely endophytic tumors, and renal hilum tumors, nearly identical improvements in usability were observed: (1) 9.8 versus 7.8 min, p = 0.21; (2) 9.9% versus 4.7%, p = 0.001; (3) 7 versus 6, p = 0.025; (4) 3 versus 0, p = 0.048, (5) 2.9 versus 1.6 min, p = 0.89, and (6) 60% versus 100%, p = 0.003.

Conclusions
Our proposed L43K PA can enhance the usability of the probe for intraoperative laparoscopic ultrasonography during robot-assisted partial nephrectomy and increase the accuracy of ultrasonography for complex renal tumors.