bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Menu and a Mystery: The Case of the 1834 Delmonico Bill of Fare
Authors: steinberg ellen f. , prost jack h. 
Published: May 2008

The one document in the history of American cuisine that is probably cited more frequently than any other is the so-called ““1834 Delmonico menu”” that situates an early Delmonico restaurant at 494 Pearl Street in Manhattan. Allegedly printed in 1834, this bill of fare is often touted as the first restaurant menu printed in America. It has been mentioned in a variety of other contexts, too: in histories of Delmonico's restaurant and of that quintessential ““American”” food, the hamburger, in discussions about the semantics of menu language, and as an illustration of early menu design. The prices it quotes have been used to illustrate historical food costs and inflation, and it has even been co-opted to tout restaurants aspiring to the standards set long ago by the famed restaurateur Lorenzo Delmonico.
Our investigation suggests the so-called ““1834 Delominco menu”” was never issued by the celebrated Delmonico family. Rather, it was a handbill for a ““cheap dining hall”” called ““Small Delmonico's,”” at 494 Pearl Street, in New York City, owned and operated during the late 1880's by an Italian immigrant named Barnabo.
“All That You Can't Leave Behind”
Authors: Brooks Daphne A. 
Published: May 2008

Abstract
This essay explores the critical work of Beyoncé's second solo recording, and places it in conversation with yet another under-theorized yet equally dissonant R&B performance by her “hip-hop soul queen” contemporary Mary J. Blige. In relation to both Beyoncé's and Blige's work, I examine the politics of black women's pop music culture in relation to the Gulf Coast catastrophe and the extreme marginalization of black women in American sociopolitical culture. I suggest that we look closely at the musical performances of Beyoncé as well as Blige, as each artist's work creates a particular kind of black feminist surrogation, that is, an embodied performance that recycles palpable forms of black female sociopolitical grief and loss as well as spirited dissent and dissonance. Their combined efforts mark a new era of protest singing that sonically resists, revises, and reinvents the politics of black female hypervisibility in the American cultural imaginary.
Women, Pop Music, and Pornography
Authors: LeVande Meredith 
Published: May 2008

AbstractMusician and feminist Meredith LeVande noticed a dramatic shift in the appearance of female pop stars in the late 1990s. This essay shows how the connection between media ownership deregulation and the mega-media companies that profit from adult entertainment have pushed pornographic imagery into the mainstream. Nowhere is this situation more evident than with women in popular music whose images have become increasingly hyper-sexualized. Through various narratives circling women in music, this essay explores how the 1996 Telecommunications Act has made pornographic images omnipresent.
Adaptive input‐to‐output stabilization of nonlinear systems
Authors: Efimov D. V. , Fradkov A. L. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe problem of adaptive asymptotic stabilization of a set for nonlinear convexly parameterized dynamical systems is considered. The main result provides a framework for adaptive input‐to‐output stabilization theory in the presence of disturbances. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Specialized use of two fingers in free‐ranging aye‐ayes (Daubentonia madagascariensis)
Authors: Lhota Stanislav , Jůnek Tomáš , Bartoš Luděk , Kuběna Aleš A. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe aye‐aye (Daubentonia madagascariensis) possesses a highly specialized hand with two fingers, the third and the fourth, being used in a way unparalleled by any other primate. We observed the use of the third and the fourth fingers in various activities in four free‐ranging aye‐ayes. We found that the thin third finger was used exclusively or preferably for tapping, inserting into the mouth (probably for cleaning the teeth) and probing for nectar, kernels and insects in bamboo, twigs and live wood. In contrast, the robust fourth finger was used preferably when eating jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus). When probing for invertebrates in soft plant tissues and in dead wood, both fingers were used in high proportions. To extract the contents from coconuts, the two fingers were apparently used for different tasks. From this small (686 observations), but unique, study of free‐ranging aye‐ayes, we conclude that the third finger appears to be specialized for use in tasks requiring high mobility, sensitivity and precision, whereas the fourth finger appears to be specialized for tasks requiring strength, scooping action and deep access. Am. J. Primatol. 70:786–795, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Captive‐born cotton‐top tamarins (Saguinus oedipus) respond similarly to vocalizations of predators and sympatric nonpredators
Authors: Friant Sagan C. , Campbell Matthew W. , Snowdon Charles T. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractWhat types of cues do callitrichid primates use to detect and respond to predators? Do they respond to predator‐specific cues or to more general cues? The evidence for these questions remains conflicting. We presented captive‐born and reared cotton‐top tamarins with no previous exposure to predators (or predator cues) with vocalizations from three potential predators of cotton‐top tamarin in the wild (white hawk, jaguar, and tayra) and with vocalizations from sympatric nonpredators (black‐faced antthrush and red howler monkey). Vocalizations from predators and from nonpredator mammals elicited equivalent arousal, fear, and vocal responses. Howler monkey roars produced the strongest responses. The results suggest that predator‐naïve cotton‐top tamarins do not recognize specific predator vocalizations, but may respond to vocal qualities (low‐frequency, noisy sounds) that indicate large body size, threat, or aggression. On the other hand, tamarins responded much more strongly to the higher frequency calls from the hawk than the antthrush, suggesting another mechanism must also be involved. The failure of captive‐reared tamarins to distinguish between vocalizations of predators and nonpredator mammals has important implications for reintroduction studies. Am. J. Primatol. 70:707–710, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Heterogeneous polymeric reaction under shear flow
Authors: Xie Fan , Zhou Chixing , Yu Wei , Liu Jianye 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe effects of different shear flows on polymeric reaction between poly(styrene/maleic anhydride) (SMA) and polyamide 6 (PA6) in heterogeneous blending system were investigated. FTIR, SEM, rheometry, and GPC were used to qualitatively analyze the reaction, and the reaction apparent activation energy was determined as 75.7 kJ/mol by a rheological method. To study the effects of different shear flows on heterogeneous polymeric reaction, a more practical technique was developed to select the data that only responds to the reaction without the effect of different shear flows. Avrami's equation was employed to analyze the reaction process under shear flow and the results showed that the half period (t1/2) of reaction process decreased with the increase of the shear rate in this study. Moreover, the decease rates were different in the different shear modes as follows: the half period decreased slightly under the oscillatory shear, whereas it decreased strongly under the steady shear. The possible reasons for these phenomena were discussed. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Thermal characterization of poly(vinyl chloride) samples prepared by living radical polymerization: Comparison with poly(vinyl chloride) prepared by free radical polymerization
Authors: Coelho Jorge F. J. , Simões P. N. , Mendonça Patrícia V. , Fonseca A. C. , Gil M. H. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractPoly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) samples were synthesized by a living radical polymerization (LRP) method and compared with commercial PVC prepared by the conventional free radical polymerization (FRP). The differences were assessed, for the first time, in terms of viscosimetry parameters and thermal analysis. The LRP method used to prepare the PVC‐LRP samples is the only one available to obtain this polymer free of structural defects, being of commercial interest in a view of preparing a new generation of PVC‐based polymer with outstanding performance. The polymerization temperature selected (35°C) to prepare the LRP samples is currently used in the industry to prepare PVC‐FRP grades with moderate to high molecular weight. Since the thermal stability is a direct consequence of the polymer structure, this study is of vital importance to understand the potential of new PVC‐LRP. The thermoanalytical measurements demonstrate an enhanced thermal stability of PVC‐LRP when compared with its FRP counterpart. The PVC‐LRP sample with very low molecular weight reveals a higher thermal stability than the most stable PVC‐FRP sample. It is the first report dealing with thermal analysis of PVC prepared by LRP. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Macromolecularly imprinted calcium phosphate/alginate hybrid polymer microspheres with the surface imprinting of bovine serum albumin in inverse‐phase suspension
Authors: Zhao Kongyin , Huang Jianjun , Ying Xiaoguang , Cheng Guoxiang 
Published: May 2008

AbstractMacromolecularly imprinted calcium phosphate/alginate hybrid polymer microspheres surface imprinted with bovine serum albumin were prepared in inverse‐phase suspension by introducing the intermixture solutions of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and CaCl2 in sodium alginate aqueous solution where (NH4)2HPO4 was added beforehand. Morphology of the imprinted microspheres was observed by optical microscopy. Rebinding dynamic and thermodynamic behaviors of surface molecularly imprinted calcium phosphate/alginate polymer microspheres (CP/A SMIPMs) and embedding molecularly imprinted calcium phosphate/alginate polymer microspheres (CP/A EMIPMs) were evaluated. CP/A SMIPMs exhibited significant improvement in equilibrium rebinding capacity (Qe) and imprinting efficiency (IE), compared to CP/A EMIPMs. The surface of CP/A SMIPMs was more competent to facilitate the migration and re‐assembling of proteins. Surface specific peak and interior specific peak were proposed to describe the characteristics of surface and interior specific rebinding behaviors in rebinding dynamics. The effects of (NH4)2HPO4 addition were investigated in detail, along with the concentration of sodium alginate and CaCl2 solutions to the rebinding and imprinting property of imprinted microspheres. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Enantiomerically pure quaternary ammonium salts with a chiral alkyl chain N(CH3)(n‐C3H7)2(sec‐C4H9)I: Synthesis and physical studies
Authors: Gheorghe Ruxandra , Chamoreau Lise‐Marie , Kapitan Josef , Ovanesyan Nikolaï S. , Aldoshin Sergei M. , Hecht Lutz , Barron Laurence D. , Train Cyrille , Gruselle Michel 
Published: May 2008

AbstractA pair of enantiomerically pure quaternary ammonium salts with a chiral side chain, methyl‐(R)‐(1‐methylpropyl)di(n‐propyl)ammonium iodide 1 and methyl‐(S)‐(1‐methylpropyl)di(n‐propyl)ammonium iodide 2, and the related racemate, methyl‐(rac)‐(1‐methylpropyl)di(n‐propyl)ammonium iodide 3, were synthesized through a reductive alkylation procedure, starting from enantiomerically pure and, also, racemic forms of (rac)‐(1‐methylpropyl)amine. A spectroscopic chiroptical signature in solution was provided by the Raman optical activity spectra of compounds 1 and 2. The crystallographic structures of 1, 2, and 3 were examined by single crystal X‐ray diffraction. 1 crystallizes in the tetragonal space group P43212 (no. 96), a = b = 12.826 (2) Å, c = 17.730 (2) Å, V = 2916.9 (5) Å3, Z = 8, Flack coefficient 0.04 (2). 2 crystallizes in the tetragonal space group P41212 (no. 92), a = b = 12.842 (1) Å, c = 17.749 (2) Å, V = 2927.0 (5) Å3, Z = 8, Flack coefficient 0.05 (2). The crystal structures and space groups for 1 and 2 are enantiomorphs and the crystallographic investigation confirmed the absolute configuration of the stereocenter in both compounds. 3 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/n(no. 14), a = 8.178 (1) Å, b = 14.309 (2) Å, c = 12.328 (2) Å, β = 96.811 (6)o, V = 1432.4 (2) Å3, Z = 4. Chirality, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Compact optical cell system for vacuum ultraviolet absorption and circular dichroism spectroscopy and its application to aqueous solution sample
Authors: Tanaka Masahito , Yagi‐Watanabe Kazutoshi , Kaneko Fusae , Nakagawa Kazumichi 
Published: May 2008

AbstractWe have designed a compact optical cell for studying the absorption and circular dichroism (CD) of a solution sample in the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) region using a temperature control unit. The cell size was 34 mm in diameter and 14 mm in length. Such compactness was obtained by coating the VUV scintillator onto the outside of the back window. Because this scintillator converts the transmitted VUV light to visible light, the outside of this cell is operated under atmospheric pressure. The temperature of the sample solution was maintained in the range of 5°C to 80°C using a temperature control unit with a Peltier thermoelectric element. Changes in the sample temperature were observed by monitoring the absorption intensity of water. Through the study of VUV‐CD spectra of ammonium camphor‐10‐sulfonate aqueous solutions and the transmitted spectrum of an empty cell, it was concluded that this cell unit has sufficient performance for use in VUV spectroscopy. Chirality, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Histiocytoid Cardiomyopathy: A Mitochondrial Disorder
Authors: Finsterer Josef 
Published: May 2008

AbstractHistiocytoid cardiomyopathy (HICMP) is a rare, genetic, cardiac disorder of infancy or childhood, predominantly affecting girls, and clinically manifesting as severe cardiac arrhythmias or dilated cardiomyopathy. Pathoanatomically, HICMP is characterized by subendocardial, epicardial, or valvular yellow‐tan nodules, which are histologically built up of abnormal Purkinje fibers and multiple, scattered clusters of histiocytoid myocytes, which are filled with an increased number of normal or abnormal mitochondria. Within the myocardium, yellowish areas with irregular outlines are found and are histologically built up of enlarged, polygonal, histiocyte‐like cells with foamy granular cytoplasm. Since HICMP is frequently found in patients with mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) mutations, HICMP cardiomyocytes carry an increased number of normal or abnormal mitochondria, and may show markedly decreased succinate‐cytochrome c reductase or NADH‐cytochrome c reductase activity; HICMP should be regarded as mitochondrial cardiomyopathy. Copyright © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
HMWMAP2: New perspectives on a pathway to dendritic identity
Authors: Farah Carole Abi , Leclerc Nicole 
Published: May 2008

AbstractNeuronal polarity is established by the differentiation of two types of cytoplasmic processes: dendrites and the axon. These processes can be distinguished by their composition in microtubule‐associated proteins, the high molecular weight MAP2 proteins (HMWMAP2) being found in the dendrites and tau proteins in the axon. It is believed that the main contribution of HMWMAP2 to the acquisition and maintenance of dendrites is to promote microtubule assembly and stability. However, recent studies force us to enlarge our view on how HMWMAP2 might contribute to defining the role of the dendritic microtubules. The purpose of this article is to convey our view that HMWMAP2 are important players in defining the contribution of microtubules to dendritic identity by anchoring membranous organelles and signaling proteins to the dendritic microtubules and by being a receptor for neurosteroids. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Coordination of outer arm dynein activity along axonemal doublet microtubules
Authors: Seetharam Raviraja N. , Satir Peter 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThis study considers the mechanism by which ODA based sliding is produced and the relationship of that mechanism to the determination of beat frequency. Two models of activity have been examined: a stochastic model, where ODA activity is random and a metachronal model, where activity is sequentially triggered along a doublet. Inactivation of a few ODAs would have virtually no effect on stochastic activity, but would completely block metachronal activity. We (Seetharam and Satir [2005]: Cell Motil Cytoskeleton 60:96–103) previously demonstrated that ODAs produce high speed sliding of about 200 μm/s, followed by a pause. IDAs produce slow, 5 μm/s, continuous sliding. We have examined the effects of nM concentrations of vanadate on sliding, measuring velocity and extent of high speed sliding and pause distribution or sliding cessation. In 5 nM vanadate, where photocleavage experiments show about 16/270 ODAs per doublet are affected, no differences from control are seen, but at 10 and 25 nM vanadate, high speed velocity is greatly reduced and pause distribution changes. The results support a model, in which high speed sliding is produced by metachronal activity. Blockage of two or more heavy chains of one ODA or a small group of adjacent ODAs produces cessation of sliding, but cessation is only temporary, probably because IDA activity continues, allowing ODA activity re‐initiation beyond the block. These conclusions are consistent with Sugino and Naitoh's [1982; Nature 295:609–611] proposal, whereby during each beat, every ODA along a doublet becomes activated in succession, with repetitive activation determining beat frequency. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Validation by calibration of the UCLA integrated staging system prognostic model for nonmetastatic renal cell carcinoma after nephrectomy
Authors: Cindolo Luca , Chiodini Paolo , Gallo Ciro , Ficarra Vincenzo , Schips Luigi , Tostain Jacques , de La Taille Alexandre , Artibani Walter , Patard Jean Jacques 
Published: May 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND.To the authors' knowledge, calibration of the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) Integrated Staging System (UISS) prognostic score in patients nephrectomized for nonmetastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has never been specifically addressed. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the calibration of the UISS prognostic score in a European multicenter retrospective study.METHODS.Six European centers participated in the study. According to the UISS, the endpoint was overall survival (OS). Survival curves were estimated by the Kaplan‐Meier method. For calibration assessment, the approach of ‘validation by calibration’ first proposed by Van Houwelingen was used. The original prognostic score is embedded in a ‘calibration model’ that allows testing, in the validation cohort, the baseline hazards function as well the model linear predictor. Estimates of the ‘calibration model’ were used to recalibrate the UISS score.RESULTS.Of the 2471 available subjects, 399 had died of any cause within the first 5 years. The observed OS curves were compared with the corresponding expected model‐based curves. The UISS model did not adequately predict OS, particularly in the extreme categories (P < .0001). Patients in the validation sample, indeed, fared systematically better than patients in the developing cohort. There was no evidence, instead, of a change in the relative effect of the prognostic covariates. After recalibration, the UISS score worked well in the validation cohort.CONCLUSIONS.The UISS score has good discrimination accuracy and is based on an adequately developed risk function. However, it systematically underestimates OS. At least in a European cohort of RCC patients, the use of the recalibrated UISS model could improve prediction accuracy. Cancer 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society.
Distinctive E‐cadherin and epidermal growth factor receptor expression in metastatic and nonmetastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Muller Susan , Su Ling , Tighiouart Mourad , Saba Nabil , Zhang Hongzheng , Shin Dong M. , Chen Zhuo (Georgia) 
Published: May 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND.The authors investigated whether coexpression and localization of E‐cadherin (E‐cad) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) had predictive and/or prognostic correlations with lymph node metastasis and/or survival in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN).METHODS.Immunohistochemistry (IHC) of archival tissue was performed to measure expression of EGFR and E‐cad in surgical specimens of SCCHN (n = 143) that included primary tumors (PTs) with positive lymph nodes (Tu+Met) and their paired lymph node metastases (LnMet), PTs with negative lymph nodes (Tu−Met), and benign tissue biopsies as normal controls. IHC staining was quantified as a weighted index and as the ratio of membrane to cytoplasmic staining. Correlative expression between EGFR and E‐cad also was examined in SCCHN cell lines by immunoblotting and immunofluorescence analyses.RESULTS.Three distinct expression patterns of EGFR and E‐cad were observed. Membrane localization of E‐cad was significantly lower in the Tu+Met group than in the Tu−Met group (P = .01) and was associated inversely with lymph node status (P = .009). Wilcoxon analysis of the combined markers demonstrated that expression and/or membrane localization of EGFR and E‐cad were correlated with disease‐free survival and overall survival in patients with SCCHN. The study of SCCHN cell lines demonstrated that cells with positive but low EGFR expression and with negative E‐cad expression were relatively resistant to the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor erlotinib.CONCLUSIONS.The current study suggested that examining not only the expression but also the localization of EGFR and E‐cad simultaneously may have clinical relevance in predicting lymph node metastasis, patient survival, and response to EGFR‐targeted therapy in patients with SCCHN. Cancer 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society.
Phase 1 study of XL119, a rebeccamycin analog, in patients with refractory hematologic malignancies
Authors: Borthakur Gautam , Alvarado Yesid , Ravandi‐Kashani Farhad , Cortes Jorge , Estrov Zeev , Faderl Stefan , Ivy Percy , Bueso‐Ramos Carlos , Nebiyou Bekele B. , Giles Francis 
Published: May 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND.XL119 is a water‐soluble derivative of rebeccamycin with dose‐dependent myelosuppression as dose‐limiting toxicity in phase 1 studies of solid tumors. A phase 1 study was conducted to determine the maximum tolerated dose and toxicities of XL119 in patients with advanced myelodysplastic syndrome and relapsed or refractory acute leukemias.METHODS.Thirty‐one patients were treated at 7 dose levels ranging from 140 to 260 mg/m2/daily times 5 in a 21‐day cycle. Consenting patients had correlative biologic parameters studied.RESULTS.Dose‐limiting toxicity was grade 3/4 mucositis. The recommended phase 2 dose in hematologic malignancies is 240 mg/m2/daily times 5 in a 21‐day cycle. Clinically significant reduction in bone marrow blasts were seen in 5 patients and additional patients had reductions in peripheral blood blasts. However, the responses were transient. Changes of plasma vascular endothelial growth factor levels from Day 1 to Day 7 correlated negatively with changes in peripheral blood blasts from Day 1 to Day 7.CONCLUSIONS.Further assessment of XL119 in combination with other agents in patients with acute leukemias and high‐risk myelodysplastic syndrome is warranted. Cancer 2008. Published 2008 by the American Cancer Society.