bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of a novel immunomodulator composed of human chorionic gonadotropin and bacillus Calmette-Guerin for treatment of canine mast cell tumors in clinically affected dogs
Authors: Henry Carolyn J. , Downing Sue , Rosenthal Robert C. , Klein Mary Kay , Meleo Karri , Villamil J. Armando , Fineman Linda S. , McCaw Dudley L. , Higginbotham Mary Lynn , McMichael John 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
Objective—To evaluate safety and efficacy of LDI-100, a preparation containing human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG), in the treatment of dogs with mast cell tumors and to compare results with those from a control group receiving single-agent vinblastine.
Animals—95 dogs with measurable grade II or III mast cell tumors.
Procedures—Dogs were randomized to receive either LDI-100 (1.35 ng of BCG and 2 units of hCG, SC, q 24 h) or vinblastine (2 mg/m2, IV, q 1 wk) for 6 weeks. Tumors were measured at baseline and day 42, and dogs were monitored for signs of toxicosis. Clinical performance scores were recorded at each visit. Differences in host factors (sex, weight, and age), clinical performance score, tumor response, and adverse events were analyzed.
Results—46 dogs received LDI-100, and 49 dogs received vinblastine. No significant differences were found between the 2 treatment groups with regard to host factors or clinical performance score. Tumor response (≥50% reduction) rates were similar between the LDI-100 and vinblastine group (28.6% and 11.7%, respectively). Dogs in the LDI-100 group had significantly less neutropenia than the vinblastine group.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—hCG and BCG have immunomodulatory and antitumor effects against a variety of malignancies in humans and dogs. In this study, LDI-100 provided clinical responses comparable to single-agent vinblastine chemotherapy but without myelosuppression. LDI-100 is a promising new agent that should be further investigated for multimodality therapy of mast cell tumors in dogs.
Use of computed tomography to evaluate pathologic changes in the lungs of calves with experimentally induced respiratory tract disease
Authors: Lubbers Brian V. , Apley Michael D. , Coetzee Johann F. , Mosier Derek A. , Biller David S. , Mason Diane E. , Henao-Guerrero Piedad Natalia 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
Objective—To optimize methods for the use of computed tomography (CT) to assess pathologic changes in the lungs of calves and to determine the effect of treatment on lung consolidation.
Animals—10 male Holstein calves.
Procedures—Calves were anesthetized to facilitate CT imaging of the thorax. After initial images were obtained, pneumonia was induced in the calves by inoculation through a bronchoscope. Two calves were used in a preliminary study to refine the inoculation dose and optimize CT images. Four calves were administered florfenicol and 4 calves were untreated control animals. Serial images were obtained 24, 48, and 72 hours after inoculation. After final images were obtained, calves were euthanized, and lung consolidation was estimated by use of lung surface area scoring and water displacement. These estimates were compared with estimated lung consolidation obtained by use of CT.
Results—Calves had rapid disease progression. Percentage of lung consolidation was not significantly different between treatment groups for any of the estimation methods. Results of an ANOVA of the 3 assessment methods indicated significant differences among methods. Estimates of the percentage of lung consolidation obtained by use of surface area scoring and CT correlated well, whereas water displacement estimates correlated poorly with other methods of consolidation estimation.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Because of the correlation with other methods for estimation of lung consolidation, CT has the potential to be used to monitor disease progression in calves with experimentally induced respiratory tract disease.
Use of vascular access ports in femoral veins of dogs and cats with cancer
Authors: Cahalane Alane Kosanovich , Rassnick Kenneth M. , Flanders James A. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
Objective—To evaluate long-term function of vascular access ports (VAPs) implanted in the femoral vein of dogs and cats undergoing cancer treatment.
Design—Prospective clinical study.
Animals—3 dogs and 6 cats treated via chemotherapy or radiation.
Procedures—VAPs were surgically implanted in the left femoral vein of 3 dogs and 6 cats over a 1-year period. Injection port location was alternated to either a caudal thoracic or ilial location in each patient. Duration of VAP function, ease of infusion, and ease of aspiration through the VAPs were recorded, and associated complications were assessed at each VAP use. Client satisfaction with VAP placement was evaluated by use of a questionnaire.
Results—Primary uses of the VAPs included blood sampling and delivering sedative or chemotherapeutic drugs. Median duration of successful infusion was 147 days (range, 60 to 370 days), and median duration of successful aspiration was 117 days (range, 10 to 271 days). The frequency of signs of VAP-related discomfort was low (7% of patient observations). Clients were satisfied with their decision to use VAPs. Complications included partial (n = 7) or complete (2) VAP occlusion, port migration (1), and presumptive infection (1).
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggested that VAP implantation into the femoral vein provides an acceptable means of chronic venous access in dogs and cats undergoing cancer treatment.
Endoscopic removal of a molariform supernumerary intranasal tooth (heterotopic polyodontia) in a horse
Authors: de Mira Monica C. , Ragle Claude A. , Gablehouse Kristin B. , Tucker Russell L. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
Case Description—A 3-year-old Thoroughbred mare was evaluated because of abnormal upper respiratory tract sounds (that had become apparent during race training) of 3- to 4- months' duration.
Clinical Findings—On initial physical evaluation, there were no abnormal findings. During trotting, an abnormal upper airway expiratory sound was audible. Endoscopic examination revealed a small mass protruding into the right ventral nasal meatus. Radiographic images of the skull revealed no abnormal findings. Computed tomography of the head revealed an abnormal structure in the same location as the mass that was observed during endoscopy. The x-ray attenuation of the mass was identical to that of dental tissue.
Treatment and Outcome—The mass was surgically removed with endoscopic guidance. On gross examination, the excised mass appeared to be a nearly normal molariform tooth. Histologic examination revealed that it was a well-formed tooth, with no other associated cellular populations. The mass was determined to be a molariform supernumerary intranasal tooth. Six months following discharge from the hospital, the trainer reported that the abnormal respiratory tract sound was no longer audible. During a follow-up endoscopic examination performed at the training facility, no abnormalities were detected.
Clinical Relevance—In horses, an intranasal tooth should be considered as a differential diagnosis for expiratory stridor. Clear definitions of heterotopic polyodontia, dentigerous cyst, and temporal teratoma can be used to clinically diagnose these separate anomalies. In the horse of this report, computed tomographic findings contributed to determination of a diagnosis and formulation of a treatment plan.
Outcome of medical and surgical treatment of cecal impaction in horses: 114 cases (1994–2004)
Authors: Plummer Amy E. , Rakestraw Peter C. , Hardy Joanne , Lee Ryan M. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
Objective—To determine short- and long-term outcomes, including recurrence rates, for horses with cecal impaction treated medically or surgically.
Design—Retrospective case series.
Animals—114 horses.
Procedures—Medical records were reviewed for information on signalment, history, clinical findings, treatment (medical vs surgical), and short-term outcome. Information on longterm outcome was obtained through a mail survey and telephone interview with owners.
Results—54 horses were treated medically, 49 horses were treated surgically, and 11 horses were euthanized after initial examination without further treatment. Horses treated surgically were significantly more likely to have signs of moderate or severe pain than were horses treated medically. Forty-four of the 54 (81%) horses treated medically were discharged from the hospital. Twelve of the 49 horses treated surgically were euthanized at surgery because of cecal rupture. Thirty-five of the 37 (95%) horses that were allowed to recover from surgery were discharged from the hospital. In 34 horses treated surgically, typhlotomy without a bypass procedure was performed. Long-term (≥ 1 year) follow-up information was available for 19 horses treated medically and 28 horses treated surgically. Eighteen (95%) and 25 (89%) of the horses, respectively, were alive at least 1 year after treatment.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggested that medical and surgical treatment were both associated with favorable outcomes in horses with cecal impactions. In this population, typhlotomy alone without cecal bypass was associated with a low recurrence rate. The long-term prognosis for horses that were discharged from the hospital was good.
Effect of twin birth calvings on milk production, reproductive performance, and survival of lactating cows
Authors: Bicalho Rodrigo C. , Cheong Soon Hon , Galvão Klibs N. , Warnick Lorin D. , Guard Charles L. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
Objective—To evaluate effect of twin birth calvings on milk production, reproductive performance, and survival of lactating cows.
Design—Retrospective observational cohort study.
Animals—33,868 cows from 20 farms.
Procedures—Data on age at calving for primiparous cows and mature equivalent milk yield for multiparous cows, assistance at calving, stillbirths, twin births, gestation duration, pregnancy at the end of the data collection period, and culling-death for all cows were extracted from farm computer records and used for statistical analysis.
Results—Prevalence of twin parturitions was 1.3% (159/12,050) and 6.5% (1,410/21,818) for primiparous and multiparous cows, respectively. Primiparous and multiparous cows with singletons produced more milk than cows with live twins or at least 1 dead twin (primiparous, 33.1 vs 31.9 vs 31.2; multiparous, 36.5 vs 35.7 vs 35.0). Multiparous cows with dead twins produced less milk than cows with live twins. Compared with dams with singleton birth, cows with twins were 0.78 times as likely to conceive and 1.42 times as likely to die or be culled. Cows with dead twins also had increased time to conception, compared with live twins.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Twin birth was associated with decreased survival, milk production, and reproductive performance. Having at least 1 dead twin was even more detrimental than having live twins and resulted in decreased milk production and reproductive performance of lactating cows.
Metallopolymers: New Multifunctional Materials
Authors: Whittell G. R. , Manners I. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractSince the mid 1990s soluble, well‐characterized high molecular weight metal‐containing and metallosupramolecular polymers have become readily available for the first time, even in some cases, with narrow molecular weight distributions and controlled architectures such as block copolymers. This has led to a rapidly expanding interest in their properties and uses. The review provides a survey of the range of applications for these new materials, which combine the processing advantages of polymers with the functionality provided by the presence of metal centers.
Derivation, simulation and validation of a cohesive particle flow CFD model
Authors: van Wachem Berend , Sasic Srdjan 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA comprehensive physical model describing the agglomeration behavior present during fluidization of fine powders is still missing in literature. A model of balance of forces acting on a single solid particle is introduced, aiming at predicting and locally estimating the size of the agglomerates created in the bed. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) have been used to investigate the hydrodynamics of a gas‐solid fluidized bed operated with particles belonging to group A of Geldart classification.1 The key issue is that, in the gas and particle flow field, both hydrodynamic and interparticle forces are of importance. The model is incorporated into simulations based on an Eulerian approach and using the kinetic theory of granular flow. In the simulations, the closure models describing the hydrodynamics of the solids phase are directly affected by the behavior of the agglomerates. No empirical data or parameters were used to close the model. The simulations are compared with experiments of an independent research group, through the time‐averaged solids volume fraction in a fluidized bed operated at different gas velocities. The agreement obtained between the simulation results and data from the literature is very good. Also, it is shown that, under flow conditions treated in this work, agglomerates of size of several single particle diameters are present in the fluidized bed. © 2007 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2008
Historical hematology: May–Hegglin anomaly
Authors: Saito Hidehiko , Kunishima Shinji 
Published: November 2007

AbstractMay–Hegglin anomaly is a rare autosomal dominant platelet disorder characterized by thrombocytopenia, giant platelets, and unique leukocyte inclusion bodies. This disorder was first described by May, a German physician, in 1909, and was subsequently described by a Swiss physician, Hegglin, in 1945. The pathogenesis of the disorder had been unknown until recently, when mutations in the gene encoding for nonmuscle myosin heavy chain IIA (MYH9) were identified. Unique cytoplasmic inclusion bodies are aggregates of nonmuscle myosin heavy chain IIA, and are only present in granulocytes. It is not yet known why inclusion bodies are not present in platelets, monocytes, and lymphocytes, or how giant platelets are formed. Interestingly, MYH9 is also found to be responsible for several related disorders with macrothrombocytopenia and leukocytes inclusion, including Sebastian, Fechtner, and Epstein syndromes, which feature deafness, nephritis, and/or cataract. Current interest is centered upon the mechanisms by which a single mutation causes a variety of phenotypes. Am. J. Hematol., 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
22q13 microduplication in two patients with common clinical manifestations: A recognizable syndrome?
Authors: Okamoto Nobuhiko , Kubota Takeo , Nakamura Yutaka , Murakami Ryusuke , Nishikubo Toshiya , Tanaka Ichiro , Takahashi Yukihiro , Hayashi Shin , Imoto Issei , Inazawa Johji , Hosokai Noboru , Kohsaka Shinichi , Uchino Shigeo 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe report here on two unrelated patients (Patients 1 and 2) with a cryptic microduplication involving a 22q13 segment. Both patients manifested infantile hypotonia, developmental delay, and growth deficiency. In addition, an abnormal signal intensity area was detected in the frontal white matter of Patient 2 by brain MRI. Whole‐genome microarray comparative genomic hybridization for Patient 1 and fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis with 22q‐subtelomeric probes performed in both patients showed a submicroscopic 22q13 duplication that involved the SHANK3 gene. The duplication in Patient 1 was de novo type, while that in Patient 2 was derived from a familial 17;22 translocation. The presence of common clinical manifestations in the two patients with the common duplicated region led to a conclusion that 22q terminal duplication is a recognizable clinical entity, that is, the 22q13 microduplication syndrome. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cerebro‐oculo‐nasal syndrome: 13 new Brazilian cases
Authors: Guion‐Almeida Maria Leine , Zechi‐Ceide Roseli Maria , Richieri‐Costa Antonio 
Published: November 2007

AbstractCerebro‐oculo‐nasal syndrome (CONS) is characterized by structural anomalies of the central nervous system (encephalocele, ventricular dilatation, defects of corpus callosum, and even holoprosencephaly in one instance), by ocular alterations ranging from anophthalmia/microphthalmia to normal eyes, and by proboscis‐like nares. Here, we report on 13 new cases with CONS, review 7 previously published cases, and evaluate the findings in all 20 patients. Despite marked variability among cases, the nasal configuration appears to be unique and diagnostic. Although one patient had a mutation in the PTCH gene, the cause of all other cases remains unknown to date. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Temperature control of a pilot plant reactor system using a genetic algorithm model‐based control approach
Authors: Khairi Abdul Wahab Ahmad , Azlan Hussain Mohamed , Omar Rosli 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe work described in this paper aims at exploring the use of an artificial intelligence technique, i.e. genetic algorithm (GA), for designing an optimal model‐based controller to regulate the temperature of a reactor. GA is utilized to identify the best control action for the system by creating possible solutions and thereby to propose the correct control action to the reactor system. This value is then used as the set point for the closed loop control system of the heat exchanger. A continuous stirred tank reactor is chosen as a case study, where the controller is then tested with multiple set‐point tracking and changes in its parameters. The GA model‐based control (GAMBC) is then implemented experimentally to control the reactor temperature of a pilot plant, where an irreversible exothermic chemical reaction is simulated by using the calculated steam flow rate. The dynamic behavior of the pilot plant reactor during the online control studies is highlighted, and comparison with the conventional tuned proportional integral derivative (PID) is presented. It is found that both controllers are able to control the process with comparable performance. Copyright © 2007 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Thermal and dynamic mechanical properties of organic–inorganic hybrid composites of itaconate‐containing poly(butylene succinate) and methacrylate‐substituted polysilsesquioxane
Authors: Sakuma Takenori , Kumagai Atsushi , Teramoto Naozumi , Shibata Mitsuhiro 
Published: November 2007

AbstractItaconate‐unit‐containing poly(butylene succinate) (PBSI) was synthesized by the reaction of 1,4‐butanediol, succinic acid, and itaconic acid in a molar ratio of 2.0 : 1.0 : 1.0, and the obtained PBSI was reacted with methacryl‐group‐substituted polysilsesquioxane (ME‐PSQ) in the presence of benzoyl peroxide (BPO) at 130°C to produce PBSI/ME‐PSQ hybrid composites. The thermal and dynamic mechanical properties of the PBSI/ME‐PSQ hybrid composites were investigated in comparison with those of PBSI cured at 130°C in the presence of BPO. As a result, the hybrid composites showed a much higher thermal degradation temperature and storage modulus in the rubbery state than the cured PBSI (C‐PBSI). The thermal degradation temperature and storage modulus of the hybrid composites increased with increasing ME‐PSQ content. The glass‐transition temperature, measured by dynamic mechanical analysis of the hybrid composites, somewhat increased with increasing ME‐PSQ content. However, the glass‐transition temperatures of all the hybrid composites were lower than that of C‐PBSI. Although the IR absorption peak related to CC groups was not detected for C‐PBSI, some olefinic absorption peaks remained for all the hybrid composites. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Production of macroporous resins for heavy‐metal removal. I. Nonfunctionalized polymers
Authors: Ortiz‐Palacios Jesús , Cardoso Judith , Manero Octavio 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe aim of this work was the synthesis of macroporous resins with large specific surface areas through the use of organic solvents (known as porogens or pore‐forming agents) for applications in hexavalent chromium (Cr+6) removal operations. The synthesis of these materials by suspension polymerization allowed the generation of macroporous structures. The comonomers 4‐vinylpyridine and divinylbenzene were considered in different ratios. Poly(vinyl alcohol) was used as a suspension agent in a mixture of toluene and hexane. The materials produced were characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, thermogravimetry, nitrogen adsorption, and scanning electron microscopy. The macroporous resin with the largest surface area (130 m2/g) was thermally stable up to 300°C and had a structure that included spherical domains with a mean diameter of 68 μm, uniform porosity, and expected high sorption capability. The sorption properties of the resins were evaluated for applications in water‐treatment operations to eliminate Cr+6 ions at a pH near 7. The advantages of these materials were their high removal capability, high selectivity, and fast adsorption kinetics at a pH 6.5. An aqueous solution of 4 ppm K2Cr2O7 was used to quantify the Cr+6 content by ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy. A remarkable sorption level (94%) of chromate ions (Cr+6) was obtained during a 15‐h period for the resin with the highest pyridine group content. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2008
Potentiometric studies of oxidation–reduction reactions with redox copolymers
Authors: Bogoczek Romuald , Kociołek‐Balawejder Elżbieta , Stanisławska Ewa 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPolymeric oxidants in the bead form that were macroporous styrene/divinylbenzene copolymers containing N‐chlorosulfonamide functional groups (in sodium or hydrogen form) or N‐bromosulfonamide groups (in sodium form) were synthesized and investigated to determine their oxidizing powers. The redox potentials of the N‐chlorosulfonamide/sulfonamide and N‐bromosulfonamide/sulfonamide systems were determined by potentiometric studies at different pH values with aqueous solutions of Na2SO3, KCN, and KSCN as reducers. The formal redox potentials of the N‐chlorosulfonamide copolymers were 0.79, 0.44, and −0.12 V at pH's of 1.8, 8.45, and 13.6, respectively. The formal redox potential of the N‐bromosulfonamide copolymer was about 100 mV higher in comparable conditions and in solutions over pH = 5 (e.g., 0.56 V at pH = 8.56). The comparatively higher oxidizing power of the N‐bromosulfonamide copolymer was particularly evident in a strong alkaline medium (in which the N‐chlorosulfonamide copolymer was not reactive). In contrast, the N‐chlorosulfonamide copolymer showed strong oxidative properties in acidic media (in which the N‐bromosulfonamide copolymer decomposed itself). © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2008
Performance studies of phosphate‐doped polyaniline containing paint coating for corrosion protection of aluminium alloy
Authors: Sathiyanarayanan S. , Syed Azim S. , Venkatachari G. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPolyaniline‐phosphate polymer was prepared chemically by oxidation polymerization of aniline in phosphoric acid medium using ammonium persulphate. The PANI‐phosphate polymer was characterized by FTIR, XRD, and SEM. The paints using PANI‐phosphate as pigment in acrylic and epoxy binder were prepared. The protective performance of the coating formed on aluminum alloy AA 2024 T3 was studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in 0.5% NaCl solution. Both the coating systems have exhibited the coating resistance values above 1M Ω cm2 even after 50‐days exposure in 0.5% NaCl solution. Besides the anticorrosion performance of PANI‐containing coating is comparable with that of chromate‐containing coating. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008