bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes and complications of laparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomy
Authors: Seow Kok‐Min , Tsou Chung‐Tsung , Lin Yu‐Hung , Hwang Jiann‐Loung , Tsai Yieh‐Loong , Huang Lee‐Wen 
Published: August 2006

AbstractObjective: To report whether operative time, intraoperative complications, and rate of conversion to laparotomy decreased after physicians had acquired an additional 4 years experience with laparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomy (LAVH).Methods: Group 1 (n = 462) included the women who underwent LAVH from May 1, 1994 to December 31, 1997, and group 2 (n = 583) included those who underwent LAVH from January 1, 1998 to December 31, 2001.Results: The mean duration of surgery in groups 1 and 2 was 146 and 114 min, respectively, and the difference was significant (P < 0.0001). The overall complication rate in the last 4 years of the study was 7.1%, which was significantly lower than the 13.4% calculated for the first 4 years (P = 0.001).Conclusion: Operative time as well as rates of surgical complications and conversion to laparotomy decreased with increased surgeon experience at performing LAVH.
Perioperative Care of Environmentally Sensitive Patients
Authors: Koch Frances , Huggins Karen A. 
Published: August 2006

ABSTRACTIn today's complex environment, with an increasing number of chemicals and environmental contamination, some individuals have developed sensitivities to their surroundings. Surgical intervention for environmentally sensitive patients provides an opportunity to reach beyond the boundaries of the OR. These patients require highly individualized perioperative nursing assessments and care planning on a multidisciplinary level. Presbyterian Hospital of Dallas has developed a protocol to initiate collaborative planning for these patients and has had the opportunity to successfully care for these patients.
International Education—a Kaleidoscopic View
Authors: Gruendemann Barbara J. 
Published: August 2006

ABSTRACTInternational travel presents opportunities for perioperative nurses to share their knowledge about surgical patient care and preventing the spread of infection. This article outlines the author's personal experiences with international travel, educational pursuits, and conferring with nurses, physicians, epidemiologists, hospital administrators, and medical product company representatives. It also discusses culture and values, teaching and learning, and accomplishments in settings where both financial and human resources are sparse, but outcomes are positive and meaningful.AORN J70 (Oct 1999) 608‐617.
A Systems Approach to Resolving OR Conflict
Authors: Pape Tess 
Published: August 2006

ABSTRACTEffective communication and courteous interaction with other hospital departments are essential for a smooth‐running OR. To function effectively in a perioperative setting, OR personnel need patience, knowledge, and skill in problem‐solving techniques. When health care employees are not taught these techniques and protocols are not in place to manage conflict, friction develops and productivity suffers. In this article, conflict situations between two hospital departments and an OR are presented to characterize successful conflict resolution methods using a systems approach. The results include reduction of surgical procedure delays, efficient ordering of supplies, and improved interpersonal relations. AORN J 69 (March 1999) 551–566.
A Perioperative Nurse's Experience in Haiti
Authors: Stobinski James X. 
Published: August 2006

ABSTRACTHaiti is a poor Caribbean nation plagued by years of political uncertainty and a wealth of unmet health care needs. A significant amount of its health care, especially for indigent people, is provided by volunteer nongovernment organizations, including military medical staff members from the United States and Canada. One perioperative nurse, who served with a US Navy surgical company in Port au Prince, Haiti, shares his impressions and experiences of providing surgical care to United Nations troops and Haitian citizens at five hospitals in the Port au Prince area. AORN J 69 (Feb 1999) 346–357.
What Perioperative Nurses Need to Know About Substance Abuse
Authors: Bailes Barbara 
Published: August 2006

ABSTRACTSubstance abuse can occur with legal drugs (eg, alcohol, tobacco, prescription medications), illegal drugs that are purchased on the street, or prescription drugs used for reasons other than health. Alcohol is the most commonly used legal drug, and cocaine, heroin, and marijuana are the most commonly used illegal drugs. Each drug has specific effects on body systems. Some drugs can lead to acute and chronic problems; some even can cause death. Perioperative nurses may be among the few health care professionals who assess and care for substance abusers. As such, they should be prepared to recognize the symptoms of substance abuse and implement measures to support and help these Individuals. This article provides perioperative nurses with information about the use and abuse of alcohol, prescription drugs, cocaine, heroin, and marijuana; the acute and chronic effects that these drugs have on various body systems; and guidelines and interventions that can be implemented when caring for substance abusers.
Genetics in the OR—Implications for Perioperative Nursing Practice
Authors: Lea Dale Halsey , Tinley Susan T. 
Published: August 2006

ABSTRACTNew developments in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) technology are increasing understanding of the role of genetics in health and disease. This kind of health information requires that perioperative nurses develop new skills and roles that will enhance the quality of genetic health care they provide to patients, particularly with regard to managing genetic information. Perioperative nurses expand their scope of practice to incorporate a genetic focus into health assessment, patient education, and patient support as they assimilate new genetic information into their daily lives. Perioperative nurses familiar with genetic counseling services—and how and when to refer patients for such services—will ensure that all patients have access to the most current and appropriate genetic information with which to make informed health choices. AORN J 67 (June 1998) 1175–1191.
Postoperative Education That Works
Authors: Fox Vicki J. 
Published: August 2006

ABSTRACTPerioperative nurses have acquired greater responsibility for patients' and family members' postoperative education. Recent nursing research indicates that patients may not be getting specific information about dealing with the everyday practical matters they encounter while recovering at home from their surgical procedures. This article addresses some of these issues (eg, food, sex, driving, bathing, wound care, return to work, limits on activities). The authors answer questions most often asked by patients and their family members. AORN J 67 (May 1998) 1010‐1017.
Ultraclean Laminar Airflow ORs
Authors: Friberg Barbro 
Published: August 2006

ABSTRACTTo minimize postoperative infections, ultraclean laminar airflow (LAF) units equipped with high‐efficiency particulate air filters developed for electronic and aerospace technology have been adapted for ORs. Traditionally, the airflow was either vertical or horizontal and, to function properly, encompassed extra side walls inside the OR. Recently, new airstream technology has provided zoned downflow units that provide an exponential airflow (ie, resembling an upside‐down trumpet mouth). The exponential airflow allows for omission of extra side walls, making them more versatile in clinical use. Each different type of LAF requires knowledge of airstream patterns and how OR team members need to dress and work to prevent contamination of the sterile air and the aseptic areas. This article discusses different LAF systems and related demands on OR clothing and behavior. AORN J 67 (April 1998) 841–851.
Responsibilities of the Preoperative Holding Area Nurse
Authors: Dunn Debra 
Published: August 2006

ABSTRACTThe preoperative holding area is an important, but often overlooked, area in the surgical suite. This area, however, is where the majority of surgical patients and their family members have their first direct contact with perioperative staff members. The preoperative holding area can provide the environment for calming, informative interactions that should help patients prepare for their surgical procedures. The preoperative holding area nurse's primary responsibility is to provide information and emotional support for patients and their family members, to ensure that all preoperative data have been accumulated, and to maintain patients' baseline hemodynamic statuses. AORN J 66 (Nov 1997) 820‐844.
Prostate Cancer Treatment with Radioactive Seed Implantation
Authors: Davis Dianna Lynn 
Published: August 2006

ABSTRACTProstate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death after lung cancer. The use of radioactive seeds (ie, brachytherapy) to provide radiation therapy is one of the three recommended treatment options for localized carcinoma of the prostate. This technique places the radioactive source in close proximity to the malignancy and provides a predictable dose of radiation to a confined area, thus sparing nearby healthy tissue. The technique is performed under transracial ultrasonography. Nursing care for the patient undergoing this ambulatory surgery procedure focuses on detailed preoperative instructions and highly technical intraoperative care, followed by individualized postoperative care. AORN J 68 (July 1998) 18–40.
Burrows of Pestarella tyrrhena (Decapoda: Thalassinidea): hot spots for Nematoda, Foraminifera and bacterial densities
Authors: Koller Helmut , Dworschak Peter C. , Abed-Navandi Daniel 
Published: August 2006

Burrow wall sediment (BWS) and chamber debris (CD) of Pestarella tyrrhena burrows were isolated and compared to surrounding sediments differentiated into surface sediment (SS), deep ambient sediment (DAS) and embedded ambient organic debris (EAD). The focus was on the meiofauna community along with granulometric characteristics including organic content (OC) and bacterial abundances.Clear trends were found for all parameters: the shrimp significantly increased OC within its burrow and affected grain size distributions. The oxidized burrow walls were highly consolidated, consisted of poorly sorted sediment enriched with silt and clay, and contained small particles of macrophyte debris, while coarse inorganic and organic particles >500 μm were concentrated in the CD. Bacterial abundances (epifluorescence microscopy direct counts, SYBR Gold staining) were positively correlated with OC and were significantly higher in BWS than in SS or DAS. Nematode numbers were elevated three-fold and foraminiferal densities by two orders of magnitude in BWS versus non-burrow sediments. Among the anoxic sediments (DAS, EAD, CD) meiofauna densities in CD were highest. Nematode community analysis (PCA, CANOCO) revealed considerable differences between BWS and SS. The BWS harboured more taxa and was dominated by deposit feeders, while in SS epistrate feeders prevailed.These effects on different levels demonstrate the ability of P. tyrrhena to create a specific microenvironment within the burrow. The burrow walls were most influenced by the shrimp's activity, which corresponds to their nutritional role.
Pharmacologically distinct GABAB receptors that mediate inhibition of GABA and glutamate release in human neocortex
Authors: Bonanna Giambattisa , Fassio Anna , Schmid Giovanna , Severi Paolo , Sala Robery , Raiteri Maurizio 
Published: August 2006

The release of endogenous γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamic acid in the human brain has been investigated in synaptosomal preparations from fresh neocortical samples obtained from patients undergoing neurosurgery to reach deeply located tumours.
The basal outflows of GABA and glutamate from superfused synaptosomes were largely increased during depolarization with 15 mm KCl. The K+‐evoked overflows of both amino acids were almost totally dependent on the presence of Ca2+ in the superfusion medium.
The GABAB receptor agonist (−)‐baclofen (1, 3 or 10 μm) inhibited the overflows of GABA and glutamate in a concentration‐dependent manner. The inhibition caused by 10 μm of the agonist ranged from 45–50%.
The effect of three selective GABAB receptor antagonists on the inhibition of the K+‐evoked GABA and glutamate overflows elicited by 10 μm (−)‐baclofen was investigated. Phaclofen antagonized (by about 50% at 100 μm; almost totally at 300 μm) the effect of (−)‐baclofen on GABA overflow but did not modify the inhibition of glutamate release. The effect of (−)‐baclofen on the K+‐evoked GABA overflow was unaffected by 3‐amino‐propyl (diethoxymethyl)phosphinic acid (CGP 35348; 10 or 100 μm); however, CGP 35348 (10 or 100 μm) antagonized (−)‐baclofen (complete blockade at 100 μm) at the heteroreceptors on glutamatergic terminals. Finally, [3‐[[(3,4‐dichlorophenyl) methyl]amino]propyl] (diethoxymethyl) phosphinic aid (CGP 52432), 1 μm, blocked the GABAB autoreceptor, but was ineffective at the heteroreceptors. The selectivity of CGP 52432 was lost at 30 μm, as the compound, at this concentration, inhibited completely the (−)‐baclofen effect both on GABA and glutamate release.
It is concluded that GABA and glutamate release evoked by depolarization of human neocortex nerve terminals can be affected differentially through pharmacologically distinct GABAB receptors.

British Journal of Pharmacology (1997) 120, 60–64; doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0700852
Somatostatin receptors in Neuro2A neuroblastoma cells: ligand internalization
Authors: Koenig J A , Edwardson J M , Humphrey P P A 
Published: August 2006

Receptor‐dependent internalization of somatostatin (SRIF) agonists has been a matter of controversy probably because [125I]‐Tyr11‐SRIF‐14 is rapidly degraded. We have studied the internalization of a stable somatostatin analogue, [125I]‐BIM‐23027, in a neuronal cell line, Neuro2A, which natively expresses somatostatin sst2 receptors.
Incubation of Neuro2A cells with [125I]‐BIM‐23027 at 37°C resulted in a time‐dependent internalization of the ligand, which reached a maximum at 30 min. Acid‐washing showed that cell‐surface binding of the ligand accounted for only 34% of total binding at this time. internalization was dramatically reduced at 15°C.
internalization of [125]‐BIM‐23027 was prevented by inclusion of unlabelled somatostatin receptor agonists in a concentration‐dependent manner. The IC50 values for inhibition of [125I]‐BIM‐23027 internalization were approximately 100 fold lower than for inhibition of [125I]‐BIM‐23027 binding to membrane homogenates but followed the same rank order of potencies.
Disruption of G‐protein coupling by treatment with pertussis toxin caused a 60% reduction in internalization of ligand. A combination of antimycin (50 nm) and deoxyglucose (50 mm) pretreatment, which leads to a depletion of cellular ATP, decreased internalization of [125I]‐BIM‐23027 by 66% of control and increased the proportion of surface‐bound ligand. Hypertonic sucrose, which prevents clathrin‐mediated endocytosis, reversibly abolished the internalization of ligand without increasing the proportion bound at the cell surface.
After internalization of [125I]‐BIM‐23027, approximately half of the ligand was recycled back to the extracellular medium within 20 min at 37°C. This finding suggests that the intracellular content of [125I]‐BIM‐23027 reaches a steady state which is determined by the rates of both internalization and recycling of the ligand. In contrast to studies in which the internalization of [125I]‐Tyr11‐SRIF‐14 was examined, neither internalized nor recycled [125I]‐BIM‐23027 was degraded to its component amino acids.
These findings indicate that the somatostatin agonist, [125I]‐BIM‐23027, is internalized in a receptor‐dependent manner which involves clathrin‐coated pits in Neuro2A cells. Furthermore, much of the internalized ligand is rapidly recycled back to the extracellular medium without undergoing significant degradation.

British Journal of Pharmacology (1997) 120, 52–59; doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0700859
Recombinant saphenous vein 5‐HT1Breceptors of the rabbit: comparative pharmacology with human 5‐HT1Breceptors
Authors: Wurch Thierry , Palmier Christiane , Colpaert Francis C , Pauwels Petrus J 
Published: August 2006

The rabbit recombinant saphenous vein 5‐hydroxytryptamine1B(rb 5‐HT1B) receptor stably transfected in rat C6‐glial cells was characterized by measuring adenosine 3′:5′‐cyclic monophosphate (cyclic AMP) formation upon exposure to various 5‐HT receptor ligands. The effects of agonists and antagonists were compared with their effects determined previously at the human cloned 5‐HT1B(h 5‐HT1B) receptor under similar experimental conditions.Intact C6‐glial cells expressing rb 5‐HT1Breceptors exhibited [3H]‐5‐carboxamidotryptamine (5‐CT) binding sites with aKdof 0.80±0.13 nmand a Bmaxbetween 225 to 570 fmol mg−1protein. The binding affinities of a series of 5‐HT receptor ligands determined in a membrane preparation with [3H]‐5‐CT or [3H]‐N‐[4‐methoxy‐3‐(4‐methylpiperazin‐1‐yl)phenyl]‐3‐methyl‐4‐(4‐pyridyl)benzamide (GR 125,743) were similar. With the exception of ketanserin, ligand affinities were comparable to those determined at the cloned h 5‐HT1Breceptor site.rb 5‐HT1Breceptors were negatively coupled to cyclic AMP formation upon stimulation with 5‐HT agonists. Of the several 5‐HT agonists tested, 5‐CT was the most potent, the potency rank order being: 5‐CT>5‐HT>zolmitriptan>naratriptan>rizatriptan>sumatriptan>R(+)‐8‐(hydroxy‐2‐(di‐n‐propylamino)tetralin (8‐OH‐DPAT). The maximal responses of these agonists were similar to those induced by 5‐HT. The potency of these agonists showed a positive correlation (r2=0.87;P<0.002) with their potency at the cloned h 5‐HT1Breceptor subtype.2′‐Methyl‐4‐(5‐methyl‐[1,2,4]oxadiazol‐3‐yl)‐biphenyl‐4‐carboxylic acid [4‐methoxy‐3‐(4‐methyl‐piperazin‐1‐yl)‐phenyl]‐amide (GR 127,935), methiothepin and ketanserin each behaved as silent, competitive antagonists at rb 5‐HT1Breceptors; pKBvalues were 8.41, 8.32 and 7.05, respectively when naratriptan was used as an agonist. These estimates accorded with their binding affinities and the potencies found on 5‐HT and/or sumatriptan‐mediated contraction of isolated rabbit saphenous vein segments.In conclusion, the recombinant saphenous vein 5‐HT1Breceptor of the rabbit shares important pharmacological similarities with the cloned h 5‐HT1Breceptor. However, ketanserin is a more potent antagonist of rb 5‐HT1Breceptors.British Journal of Pharmacology(1997)120, 153–159; doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0700868
Effect of adenosine receptor modulation on pentylenetetrazole‐induced seizures in rats
Authors: Malhotra Jatinder , Gupta Yogendra K 
Published: August 2006

The effects of adenosine, the adenosine analogue, 2‐chloroadenosine (2‐CADO), the specific adenosine A1 receptor agonist, N6‐cyclopentyladenosine (CPA) and A2 receptor agonist 5′‐(N‐cyclopropyl) carboxamidoadenosine (CPCA), were examined against seizures induced by acute administration of pentylenetetrazole (PTZ), 60 mg kg−1, and PTZ kindled seizures, in rats.
Adenosine 1000 mg kg−1, i.p., 5 min pretreatment and CPA 10 mg kg−1 i.p., 60 min pretreatment, showed significant protection against acute PTZ‐induced seizures while, CPCA up to 10 mg kg−1 was ineffective. The adenosine analogue 2‐CADO in a dose of 5 mg kg−1 was only partially protective and on increasing the dose to 10 mg kg−1, this protection was lost.
Theophylline, a non specific adenosine receptor antagonist at 50 mg kg−1 and the specific adenosine A1 receptor antagonist, 8‐cyclopentyl‐1,3‐dipropylxanthine (DPCPX), at 1 mg kg−1, if administered before the maximally protective doses of adenosine and CPA, completely reversed the protection afforded by them against PTZ seizures. While, pretreatment with the adenosine A2 receptor antagonist, 3,7‐dimethyl‐1‐propargylxanthine (DMPX), failed to reverse the protection.
Adenosine and the adenosine A1 receptor agonist in doses that protected against seizures after acute PTZ administration, offered only incomplete protection when tested against PTZ kindled seizures.
The effects of adenosine and adenosine receptor agonists on mean arterial pressure, heart rate and rectal temperature were studied, to rule out the possibility of their systemic effects mediating the protection of PTZ seizures. All these agents produced a fall in mean arterial pressure, heart rate and hypothermia in the doses exhibiting an anticonvulsant response. While the effect on blood pressure and heart rate was immediate i.e. seen within 5 min and, maintained throughout the observation period, the development of hypothermia lagged behind the onset of hypotension and bradycardia. However, there was no correlation between haemodynamic and hypothermic response and the anticonvulsant effect.
The results indicate that the adenosine mediated anticonvulsant effect is via stimulation of A1 receptors. Hypotension and hypothermia do not appear to contribute to the protection observed with adenosine and the adenosine A1 receptor agonists.

British Journal of Pharmacology (1997) 120, 282–288; doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0700869
Protein kinase C isoenzymes in rat and human cardiovascular tissues
Authors: Erdbrügger W , Keffel J , Knocks M , Otto T , Philipp T , Michel M C 
Published: August 2006

We have compared the expression of protein kinase C (PKC) activity and immuno‐detectable isoenzymes in cytosolic and membrane extracts of rat and human cardiovascular tissues (heart, kidney, aorta, saphenous vein). Experiments were performed in raw extracts and upon combined diethylaminoethylcellulose (DEAE) and phenylsepharose column chromatography.
PKC activity that bound to DEAE mostly eluted with 200 mm NaCl. DEAE‐purified PKC from all tissues except rat kidney bound almost quantitatively to phenylsepharose and eluted with 0.5–0 m NaCl.
Immunoblots with an antibody against classical PKCs and the activator profile for phosphatidylserine, diolein and Ca2+ revealed that the PKC from rat kidney, which did not bind to phenylsepharose, was most probably due to a proteolytically‐generated, constitutively active PKC which is not under the control of a regulatory subunit.
Studies in the reference tissue, rat brain, demonstrated that all PKC isoenzymes investigated (classical PKCs α, β, γ, new PKCs δ, ε, ζ, θ, and atypial PKCs ζ, λ, ι) have similar DEAE and phenylsepharose chromatography elution profiles. In the functional assay an inhibitor of all known PKC isoenzymes, bisindolylmaleimide, and a specific inhibitor of classical PKCs, Gö 6976, both inhibited PKC from rat brain completely and with high potency indicating that the functional assay preferentially detects classical PKC isoenzymes.
Each PKC isoenzyme had a tissue‐specific expression profile which was similar in rat and man. The classical PKCα, the new PKCs δ and ε and all atypical PKCs were detectable in most tissues, whereas the PKCβ and PKCγ were not detected in any pheripheral tissue; PKCζ and PKCθ were found in some tissues.
We conclude that combined DEAE and phenylsepharose chromatography is useful to enrich and detect PKC isoenzymes; no major species differences in tissues‐specific expression patterns appear to exist between rat and man.

British Journal of Pharmacology (1997) 120, 177–186; doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0700877