bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of a particulate extracellular matrix bioscaffold for treatment of acquired urinary incontinence in dogs
Authors: Wood Jeffrey D. , Simmons-Byrd Abby , Spievack Alan R. , Badylak Stephen F. 
Published: December 2005

Abstract

Objective—To evaluate use of a particulate bioscaffold
consisting of the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the urinary
bladder from pigs for treatment of acquired urinary
incontinence in dogs resistant to medical treatment.

Design—Case series.

Animals—9 female dogs with acquired urinary incontinence.

Procedure—In 6 dogs, 30 mg of particulate ECM in
1.0 mL of a carrier consisting of glycerin and saline
(0.9% NaCl) solution was injected into each of 3
equally spaced sites around the circumference of the
internal urethral sphincter via an endoscopic technique.
In the remaining 3 dogs (control dogs), 1.0 mL
of the carrier alone was injected in 3 equally spaced
sites around the circumference of the internal urethral
sphincter in a similar manner.

Results—For dogs treated with the ECM, median
duration of urinary continence following treatment
was 168 days (range, 84 to 616 days), whereas for the
control dogs, median duration of urinary continence
following the procedure was 14 days (range, 7 to 31
days). Two of the 3 control dogs were treated with the
ECM at the end of the study and were continent for
119 and 252 days. No adverse effects were observed
in any dog.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest
that endoscopically guided injection of particulate ECM
into the internal urethral sphincter may be useful for the
treatment of acquired urinary incontinence in female
dogs. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 2005;226:1095–1097)
Minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane in mechanically ventilated Dumeril monitors
Authors: Bertelsen Mads F. , Mosley Craig A. E. , Crawshaw Graham J. , Dyson Doris , Smith Dale A. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of isoflurane in mechanically ventilated Dumeril monitors (Varanus dumerili).Design—Prospective study.Animals—10 healthy adult Dumeril monitors.Procedure—Anesthesia was induced with isoflurane in oxygen delivered through a face mask. Monitors were endotracheally intubated, and end-tidal and inspired isoflurane concentrations were continuously measured. After equilibration at an end-tidal-toinspired isoflurane concentration ratio of > 0.9 for 20 minutes, an electrical stimulus (50 Hz, 50 V) was delivered to the ventral aspect of the tail for up to 1 minute and the monitor was observed for purposeful movement. End-tidal isoflurane concentration was then decreased by 10%, and equilibration and stimulation were repeated. The MAC was calculated as the mean of the lowest end-tidal isoflurane concentration that prevented positive response and the highest concentration that allowed response. A blood sample for blood gas analysis was collected from the tail vein at the beginning and end of the anesthetic period.Results—Mean ± SD MAC of isoflurane was 1.54 ± 0.17%. Mean heart rates at the upper and lower MAC values were 32.4 ± 3 beats/min and 34 ± 4.5 beats/min, respectively. During the experiment, Paco2decreased significantly from 43.1 mm Hg to 27.9 mm Hg and blood pH and HCO3 concentration increased significantly from 7.33 to 7.64 and from 25.3 to 32.9 mmol/L, respectively.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—The MAC of isoflurane in Dumeril monitors was similar to that reported in mammals but lower than values reported in other reptiles. This difference may be reflective of the more advanced cardiovascular physiologic features of monitor lizards. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005; 226:1098–1101)
Bilateral cavernous sinus syndrome in dogs: 6 cases (1999–2004)
Authors: Rossmeisl John H. , Higgins Michael A. , Inzana Karen D. , Herring Ian P. , Grant David C. 
Published: December 2005

Abstract

Objective—To determine clinical features, diagnostic
imaging abnormalities, underlying disease, disease
progression, and outcome in dogs with bilateral cavernous
sinus syndrome.

Design—Retrospective study.

Animals—6 dogs.

Procedure—Dogs were included if clinical signs consistent
with bilateral cavernous sinus syndrome (ie,
deficits of the third, fourth, and sixth cranial nerves
and at least 1 of the first 2 branches of the fifth cranial
nerve) were present and a lesion of the cavernous
sinus was identified by means of diagnostic imaging
or postmortem examination.

Results—5 dogs were evaluated because of problems
referable to abnormal ocular motility or pupillomotor
dysfunction, and 1 dog was evaluated because
of partial motor seizures involving the face and bilateral
mydriasis. Four dogs had neurologic signs referable
to an extrasinusoidal lesion at the time of initial
examination, and the remaining 2 dogs eventually
developed extrasinusoidal signs. Besides neuroanatomic
location, the only consistent neuroimaging
feature was variably intense, heterogeneous
enhancement of cavernous sinus lesions. Neoplasia
was histologically confirmed as the underlying cause
in 5 of the dogs and was suspected in the remaining
dog. Median survival time for the 4 dogs that were
treated was 199 days (range, 16 to 392 days).

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest
that bilateral cavernous sinus syndrome is rare in
dogs but should be suspected in dogs with compatible
clinical signs. Affected dogs have a poor prognosis, and
dogs with clinical signs of bilateral cavernous sinus syndrome
should be systematically evaluated for neoplastic
disease. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 2005;226:1105–1111)
Use of bovine single nucleotide polymorphism markers to verify sample tracking in beef processing
Authors: Heaton Michael P. , Keen James E. , Clawson Michael L. , Harhay Gregory P. , Bauer Nathan , Shultz Craig , Green Benedict T. , Durso Lisa , Chitko-McKown Carol G. , Laegreid William W. 
Published: December 2005

Abstract

Objective—To determine whether a selected set of 20
single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers derived
from beef cattle populations can be used to verify sample
tracking in a commercial slaughter facility that
processes primarily market (ie, culled) dairy cows.

Design—Prospective, blinded validation study.

Animals—165 cows and 3 bulls from 18 states (82%
Holstein, 8% other dairy breeds, and 10% beef breeds).

Procedure—Blood was collected by venipuncture from
randomly chosen animals just prior to slaughter. The
purported corresponding liver samples were collected
during beef processing, and genotype profiles were
obtained for each sample.

Results—On the basis of SNP allele frequencies in
these cattle, the mean probability that 2 randomly
selected individuals would possess identical genotypes
at all 20 loci was 4.3 × 10-8. Thus, the chance of a
coincidental genotype match between 2 animals was 1
in 23 million. Genotype profiles confirmed appropriate
matching for 152 of the 168 (90.5%) purported bloodliver
sample pairs and revealed mismatching for 16
(9.5%) pairs. For the 16 mismatched sample pairs,
33% to 76% of the 20 SNP genotypes did not match
(mean, 52%). Discordance that could be attributed to
genotyping error was estimated to be < 1% on the
basis of results for split samples.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest
that this selected set of 20 bovine SNP markers
is sufficiently informative to verify accuracy of sample
tracking in slaughter plants that process beef or dairy
cattle. These or similar SNP markers may facilitate
high-throughput, DNA-based, traceback programs
designed to detect drug residues in tissues, control of
animal diseases, and enhance food safety. (J Am Vet
Med Assoc 2005;226:1311–1314)
Effect of delayed colostrum collection on colostral IgG concentration in dairy cows
Authors: Moore Malantus , Tyler Jeff W. , Chigerwe Munashe , Dawes Maisie E. , Middleton John R. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine the effect of timing of firstmilking colostrum collection on colostral IgG concentration.Design—Prospective study.Animals—13 healthy Holstein cows.Procedures—All calvings were observed. After parturition, calves were not allowed to suckle and were separated from the dam. Colostrum was collected from a single randomly selected quarter at 2, 6, 10, and 14 hours after parturition until all 4 quarters were sampled. Colostral IgG concentration was determined via radial immunodiffusion.Results—Mean colostral IgG concentration was 113, 94, 82, and 76 g/L at 2, 6, 10, and 14 hours after calving, respectively. Colostrum collected 6, 10, and 14 hours after calving had significantly lower IgG concentrations than did colostrum collected 2 hours after calving. Mean colostral IgG concentration at 14 hours after calving was significantly lower than that at 6 hours after calving. Cows in their third or greater lactation had mean colostral IgG concentrations 2 hours after calving (132 g/L) that were greater than the first and second lactation cows (mean, 95 and 100 g/L, respectively).Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results indicate that early or immediate colostrum collection from dairy cows will maximize colostral IgG concentration. Adjustment of routine dairy farm management procedures may be required to maximize colostrum quality and minimize prevalence of failure of passive transfer in dairy calves. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;226:1375–1377)
Comparison of two techniques for injection of the podotrochlear bursa in horses
Authors: Piccot-Crézollet Cyrille , Cauvin Eddy R. , Lepage Olivier M. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To compare accuracy of 2 methods for injection of the podotrochlear bursa in horses.Design—Observational study.Animals—17 French Standardbreds.Procedure—In each horse, contrast medium was injected into the podotrochlear bursa of 1 foot by use of a distal palmar approach with the needle inserted parallel to the sole (DPPS) and into the podotrochlear bursa of the other foot by use of a distal palmar approach to the navicular position (DPNP). Podotrochlear bursa injection was evaluated by means of radiographic examination in all horses and postmortem examination in 6.Results—Contrast medium was successfully injected into the podotrochlear bursa in 6 of 16 feet in which the DPPS method was used and 14 of 17 feet in which the DPNP method was used; these results were significantly different. Failure was attributed to contrast medium invading the distal interphalangeal joint, contrast medium pooling palmar to the deep digital flexor tendon, contrast medium located in the podotrochlear bursa and the distal interphalangeal joint, contrast medium located in the podotrochlear bursa and the area palmar to the deep digital flexor tendon, and an inability to inject contrast medium despite adequate needle placement.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest that the DPNP technique can be used successfully for injection into the podotrochlear bursa in horses. However, radiographic assessment should be used to confirm that material was injected into the bursa. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;226:1524–1528)
Prevalence and risk factors associated with outcome of surgical removal of pedunculated lipomas in horses: 102 cases (1987–2002)
Authors: Garcia-Seco Elena , Wilson David A. , Kramer Joanne , Keegan Kevin G. , Branson Keith R. , Johnson Philip J. , Tyler Jeff W. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine the prevalence of pedunculated lipomas and identify risk factors affecting postoperative complications and survival in horses at a veterinary teaching hospital undergoing surgery for colic caused by pedunculated lipomas.Design—Retrospective study.Animals—102 horses with a diagnosis of pedunculated lipoma.Procedure—Age, breed, weight, and sex of horses with pedunculated lipomas were compared with the total equine hospital population and the population of horses admitted for abdominal surgery during the same period. Follow-up information was obtained by reevaluation or contact with owners via telephone or written request.Results—Prevalence of pedunculated lipomas as a reason for abdominal surgery in horses, compared with the population of horses with and without lipomas admitted for abdominal surgery, was 10%. Castrated male Saddlebred and Arabian horses > 14 years old were identified as being at risk for developing pedunculated lipomas. Postoperative complications were detected in 72% of horses with pedunculated lipomas. Variables associated with low survival rates included surgery before 1992, heart rate > 80 beats/min, abnormal color of abdominal fluid, pale mucous membranes, surgery requiring intestinal resection, and inability to attain a mean arterial pressure ≥ 100 mm Hg. Horses undergoing surgery from 1992 to 1996, weighing < 409 kg (900 lb), or requiring jejunojejunal anastomosis had a high survival rate.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Although many of the variables reflected the health of the horse at the time of surgery, results may help veterinarians recognize risk factors associated with development of pedunculated lipomas and better predict the outcome of horses undergoing surgery for colic caused by pedunculated lipomas. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005; 226:1529–1537)
Association of the risk of development of hypothyroidism after iodine 131 treatment with the pretreatment pattern of sodium pertechnetate Tc 99m uptake in the thyroid gland in cats with hyperthyroidism: 165 cases (1990–2002)
Authors: Nykamp Stephanie G. , Dykes Nathen L. , Zarfoss Mitzi K. , Scarlett Janet M. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To assess whether the risk of development of hypothyroidism after treatment with iodine 131 (131I) was associated with the pattern of sodium pertechnetate Tc 99m activity in the thyroid gland detected via scintigraphy before treatment in cats with hyperthyroidism.Design—Retrospective study.Animals—165 cats.Procedure—Medical records of cats with hyperthyroidism that had been treated with131I (from 1990 to 2002) and had undergone scintigraphy of the thyroid gland before treatment were reviewed; data regarding signalment, scintigraphic findings (classified as unilateral, bilateral-asymmetric, bilateral-symmetric, or multifocal patterns), serum total thyroxine (T4) concentrations before treatment and prior to hospital discharge, and131I treatment were collected. A questionnaire was sent to each referring veterinarian to obtain additional data including whether the cats subsequently developed hypothyroidism (defined as serum total T4concentration less than the lower reference limit ≥ 3 months after treatment).Results—50 of 165 (30.3%)131I-treated cats developed hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism developed in 39 of 109 cats with bilateral, 10 of 50 cats with unilateral, and 1 of 6 cats with multifocal scintigraphic patterns of their thyroid glands. Cats with a bilateral scintigraphic pattern were approximately 2 times as likely to develop hypothyroidism after131I treatment than were cats with a unilateral scintigraphic pattern (hazard ratio, 2.1; 95% confidence interval, 1.04 to 4.2).Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Cats with hyperthyroidism that have a bilateral scintigraphic pattern in the thyroid gland before131I treatment appear to have a significantly higher risk of subsequently developing hypothyroidism, compared with cats with a unilateral scintigraphic pattern. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;226:1671–1675)
Correlation of cell-mediated immunity against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus with protection against reproductive failure in sows during outbreaks of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome in commercial herds
Authors: Lowe James F. , Husmann Robert , Firkins Lawrence D. , Zuckermann Federico A. , Goldberg Tony L. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine whether cell-mediated immunity against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus is correlated with protection against reproductive failure in sows during clinical outbreaks of PRRS in commercial herds.Design—Outbreak investigation in 4 swine breeding herds.Animals—97 sows.Procedures—On each farm, blood samples were collected from sows with clinical signs (abortion or increased fetal death; case sows) and from clinically normal sows (control sows). The intensity of the cell-mediated immune (CMI) response was determined by use of an interferon-γ enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay. Multiple logistic regression analyses andttests were used to compare ELISPOT assay values between case and control sows. Multiple linear regression was used to investigate associations between cell-mediated immunity and the magnitude of clinical signs.Results—In 2 farms, case sows had lower ELISPOT assay values than control sows. A negative association between the intensity of the CMI response and the number of pigs born dead per litter was detected on 1 farm. In 1 farm, no association was detected between the intensity of the CMI response and protection against reproductive failure.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Evidence that a strong CMI response was correlated with protection against clinical PRRS was detected in 3 of 4 farms. However, farms and sows within farms varied considerably in their immune responsiveness and in the degree to which they were protected clinically. Increasing cell-mediated immunity within infected herds has the potential to decrease clinical reproductive disease, but only if the sources of intra- and interfarm variation in the intensity of cell-mediated immunity to PRRS virus can be identified. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;226:1707–1711)
Changes over time in echocardiographic measurements in young Standardbred racehorses undergoing training and racing and association with racing performance
Authors: Buhl Rikke , Ersbøll Annette K. , Eriksen Lis , Koch Jørgen 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To evaluate changes over time in echocardiographic measurements in young Standardbred racehorses undergoing training and racing and determine whether there was any relationship between cardiac dimensions and racing performance.Design—Longitudinal observational study.Animals—103 horses.Procedure—2-dimensional and M-mode echocardiography was performed 4 times at 6-month intervals.Results—Significant cardiac enlargement took place during the study period as indicated by increases in left ventricular internal diameter in diastole (LVIDd), estimated left ventricular muscle mass (LV mass), and mean wall thickness attributable to eccentric left ventricular hypertrophy. Estimated body weight was positively correlated with left ventricular size, and males had significantly larger LVIDd and LV mass than did females. Horses that were racing regularly had larger LVIDd and LV mass than did unraced horses. A significant relationship between left ventricular size and racing performance was observed. The relationship was strongest at the time of the fourth examination.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest that age must be taken into account when interpreting results of echocardiography in young Standardbred racehorses because significant cardiac enlargement takes place with age and training. A larger heart was found in horses that were racing, and size of the heart was correlated with athletic performance of the horse. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;226: 1881–1887)
Characteristics of pain and response to analgesic treatment in dogs and cats examined at a veterinary teaching hospital emergency service
Authors: Wiese Ashley J. , Muir William W. , Wittum Thomas E. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To estimate the prevalence and characteristics of pain in dogs and cats examined by an emergency service at a veterinary teaching hospital and evaluate the response of dogs and cats with signs of pain to analgesic treatment.Design—Cross-sectional study.Animals—317 dogs and 112 cats.Procedure—A questionnaire was used to categorize the characteristics of pain. The location, cause, and signs of pain were determined by obtaining a thorough history and conducting a physical examination. Pain was categorized by type (superficial somatic, deep somatic, or visceral), mechanism (inflammatory, neuropathic, or both), severity (mild, moderate, or severe), and duration. Evidence for primary or secondary hypersensitivity and hyposensitivity to manipulation was determined. The response to single or multiple analgesic drug administration was assessed.Results—179 (56%) dogs and 60 (54%) cats had signs of pain. In most of these dogs and cats, pain was classified as acute (< 24 hours' duration) and of moderate severity and was associated with primary hypersensitivity. Most dogs had deep somatic pain; most cats had visceral pain. Inflammation was the most common mechanism. One hundred nineteen (66%) dogs and 41 (68%) cats were treated with analgesic drugs. Analgesic treatment was considered effective in 73 (61%) dogs and 31 (76%) cats.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest that moderate to severe acute somatic pain caused by inflammation is common in dogs and cats examined by an emergency service and that a combination of multiple analgesic drugs is more effective than any single analgesic drug in the treatment of pain in these dogs and cats. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;226:2004–2009)
Use of pedometers to measure physical activity in dogs
Authors: Chan Catherine B. , Spierenburg Marguerite , Ihle Sherri L. , Tudor-Locke Catrine 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine whether pedometers can be used to measure physical activity in dogs.Design—Cross-sectional study.Animals—26 dogs.Procedure—To determine pedometer accuracy, number of steps recorded with the pedometer as dogs walked, trotted, and ran for a distance of approximately 30 m (100 ft) at each gait was compared with actual number of steps. Dogs and owners then wore pedometers for 7 to 14 days, and dog pedometer output was compared with body condition score, owner-reported activity of the dog, and owner pedometer output.Results—Most owners classified their dogs as active or quite active and indicated that their dogs exercised 3 to 7 days/wk. For all dogs, body condition score was 5, 6, or 7 on a scale from 1 to 9. At a walk, pedometers overestimated actual number of steps by approximately 17% in large and medium dogs and underestimated actual number of steps by approximately 7% in small dogs. No significant differences between pedometer-recorded and actual number of steps were detected when dogs trotted or ran. Number of steps per day for the dogs was significantly correlated with owner-reported activity of the dog (r= 0.305) and number of steps per day for the owners (r= 0.469) and was inversely correlated with body condition score (r= −0.554).Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest that pedometers can measure physical activity in dogs with reasonable accuracy. A lower number of steps per day was associated with a higher body condition score, and less active owners generally had less active dogs. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;226:2010–2015)