bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dielectric Study of the Intermolecular Association of Alcohols in Solutions of Benzene
Authors: Singh Buta , Vij J K 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The relative permittivity at 1 MHz, the refractive index at the wavelength of sodium D-line and density of the nine alcohols, 1-propanol (A), 2-propanol (B), 1-butanol (C), 2-methyl-1-propanol (D), 1-pentanol (E), 1-hexanol (F), 1-heptanol (G), 3-methyl-2-hexanol (H), 3-methyl-3-hexanol (I), have been measured at 25 °C in benzene in the entire concentration range. The measurements for 1-dodecanol (J) have been made in dilute solutions only. The dipole moments of these molecules in dilute solutions, using Higasi’s equation, and the apparent dipole moment for various solute concentrations, using Kirkwood-Fröhlich equation, have been calculated. The results suggest that at low concentrations the alcohols associate to form weakly polar multimers. At high concentrations and in pure liquids, the isomers in which the hydroxyl group is relatively free, favour the formation of highly polar multimers, whereas the isomers in which the hydroxyl group is sterically blocked by the methyl group, favour the formation of closed or ring dimers having low dipole moment.
Isomerization of the (d-Aspartato)(l-2,4-diaminobutyrato)cobalt(III) Complex
Authors: Watabe Masatoshi , Kawaai Shigeji , Yoshikawa Sadao 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The isomerization of two of the three possible geometrical isomers for the (d-aspartato)(l-2,4-diaminobutyrato)cobalt(III) complex afforded the residual third isomer which has not here to fore been obtained. The equilibrium mole fractions of these isomers in water in the presence of activated carbon were found for d-cisO5cisN5, d-transO5transN5, d-fac to 0.68, 0.11, 0.21, respectively. As the two ligands coordinated are considered to involve no intermolecular hydrogen bonding or steric hindrance, the relative positions of the six coordinated atoms around a cobalt atom may cause these unequal isomer ratios. These isomerisms are dealt with by means of a network of firstorder reversible reactions and the relative values of the rate constants are determined.
Conditions for the Formation of Compounds Consisting of BaO and Fe2O3 from Aqueous Suspensions
Authors: Kiyama Masao 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Suspensions containing either iron(III) hydroxide or hydroxide oxide and barium ions were subjected to autoclaving at various temperatures from 100 to 300 °C, and the properties of the resulting products were studied. A ferromagnetic precipitate, BaO·6Fe2O3, consisting of hexagonal plate-like particles, was obtained by suitable combination of temperature, kind and particle size of iron(III) hydroxide oxide, and concentration of Ba(OH)2. Nonferromagnetic precipitates, BaO·4.5Fe2O3 and BaO·2Fe2O3, were also formed depending on the conditions. The mechanism of their formation is discussed. The magnetic properties of the BaO·6Fe2O3 precipitates are investigated.
The Crystal Structure of (+)350-Diammine-N,N,N′-trimethylethylenediamineplatinum(II) Di-μ-(+)-tartrato(4-)bis(antimonate(III)) Monohydrate
Authors: Yokoho Keiji , Matsumoto Keiji , Ooi Shun’ichiro , Kuroya Hisao 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
X-Ray structure analysis of the title compound has revealed that the asymmetric secondary nitrogen center in the complex cation has the S absolute configuration. The crystals are orthorhombic, with the space group P212121and with Z=4 in a unit cell with dimensions of: a=18.783(6), b=14.138(4), and c=8.473(2)Å. The crystal structure has been determined from three-dimensional diffractometer data and refined by the least-squares method to R of 0.030 for 1971 independent reflections with I&gt;3σ(I). The Pt atom has a square-planar coordination by four N atoms, and the methyl group bonded to the secondary nitrogen is equatorial with respect to the chelate ring. Each complex cation is surrounded octahedrally by six di-μ-(+)-tartrato(4-)-bis(antimonate(III)) anions.
Isomers of trans-Dichlorocobalt(III) Complex with (2S,10S)-2,10-Diamine-4,8-diazaundecane
Authors: Goto Masafumi , Makino Tadashi , Saburi Masahiko , Yoshikawa Sadao 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A novel complex, trans (R,S)-[CoCl2((2S,10S)-Me2-2,3,2-tet)]ClO4((2S,10S)-Me2-2,3,2-tet=(2S,10S)-4,8-diazaundecane-2,10-diamine) was prepared from the trans(R,R) isomer in basic methanol. The configuration of the trans(R,S) isomer was determined from the PMR and CD evidences. The equilibrium ratio of the R,S and R,R isomers in basic methanol was estimated to be 7.6±0.3: 1 (ΔG298=1.20±0.03 kcal/mol), the former being in preference to the latter.
Precise Measurement of Ionic Diffusion Coefficients with a Hanging Mercury Drop Electrode
Authors: Ikeuchi Haruko , Fujita Yoshimi , Iwai Kyoichi , Satô Gen P 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The diffusion coefficient and the product of the charge number of electrode reaction n and the concentration of depolarizer c can be determined simultaneously from the time dependence of the diffusion limiting current observed at a spherical electrode of known size. Nearly ideal spherical diffusion was realized by means of a mercury drop electrode hanging from the tip of a fine glass capillary (0.2 mm, outer diameter) which was kept at constant size by adjusting the mercury head. The diffusion coefficients of thallium(I), cadmium(II), bismuth(III), and hexamminecobalt(III) ions in 0.1 mol dm−3 potassium nitrate aqueous solutions were determined at 25 °C. The experimental nc values agreed with the corresponding known values within 3%.
A Facile Synthesis of 2,5-Disubstituted Tetrazoles by the Reaction of Phenylsulfonylhydrazones with Arenediazonium Salts
Authors: Ito Suketaka , Tanaka Yumo , Kakehi Akikazu , Kondo Ken-ichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
2,5-Disubstituted tetrazoles are obtained in good yields by the reaction of phenylsulfonylhydrazones of aromatic aldehydes (and cinnamaldehyde) with arenediazonium salts. From the synthetic viewpoint for tetrazoles, this method may be of high synthetic utility on account of the availability of starting materials, the simplicity of procedure, and higher yields.
Homolytic Aromatic Substitution by Iminyl Radicals. Photolysis of Aromatic Ketone O-Acyloximes in Aromatic Solvents
Authors: Sakuragi Hirochika , Ishikawa Shun-ichi , Nishimura Toshihiro , Yoshida Masayuki , Inamoto Naoki , Tokumaru Katsumi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Irradiation of benzophenone O-acetyloxime, O-phenylacetyloxime, O-benzoyloxime, and O-(p-chlorobenzoyl)oxime in benzene, toluene, chlorobenzene, or o-xylene effected aromatic substitution on the solvent molecules by diphenylmethaniminyl radicals to give N-diphenylmethylenearylamines only when benzoxyl or p-chlorobenzoxyl radicals were generated concurrently. A mechanism involving a participation of the sufficiently long-lived acyloxyl radicals is proposed for the iminylation reaction on the basis of the reactivity patterns in this substitution reaction. o-Phenylbenzophenone O-benzoyloxime was also photolyzed in benzene to give 9-phenylphenanthridine, the intramolecular cyclization product of 2-biphenylylphenylmethaniminyl radicals.
Conversion of Alkyl Chlorides to Bromides, Selective Reactions of Mixed Bromochloroalkanes, and Halogen Exchange
Authors: Willy W Edward , McKean Dennis R , Garcia Barbara A 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Primary alkyl chlorides are quantitatively converted to their corresponding bromides in the presence of ethyl bromide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, and a catalytic amount of metal bromide. A variety of chlorides can be converted. Selective functionalization at bromine of several primary bromochloroalkanes was studied in conjunction with the chloride-bromide conversion for multistep syntheses. Methods for halogen exchange between chloride, bromide, and iodide in the octyl halide series are presented.
Ionic Adsorption of Lithium Bromide at the Mercury-Dimethyl Sulfoxide Interface
Authors: Yamamoto Kohichi , Hayano Shigeo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The specific adsorption of bromide ions on a mercury electrode from lithium bromide solutions of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) has been studied through the measurement of the differential capacity and the interfacial tension. The capacity data showed the evidence that anions are more weakly, but cations are more strongly, solvated by DMSO molecules than by H2O. The amounts of specifically adsorbed bromide ions are greater than those values in water at the same electrode charge. The specific adsorption of cations (Li+) was not found in this study. The inner layer capacity due to the amounts of specific adsorbed anions was calculated, and the ratio of the distances from the metal to the inner Helmholtz plane and to the outer Helmholtz plane were deduced. These values are comparable to those for LiCl in DMSO, but are greater than for water.
On the Chemical Structure and Some Labile Hydrogens of 7-Methylguanosine
Authors: Nakanishi Mamoru , Tsuboi Masamichi , Nakagawa Iwao 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Proton magnetic resonance and infrared absorption studies indicate that 7-methylguanosine has 1-NH, 2-NH2, and 8-CH groups in dimethylsulfoxide solution, while in an aqueous system of pH 6.0 these groups are subjected to rather rapid hydrogen exchange reactions with the solvent molecules, so that their life-times are respectively &lt;&lt;10−2 s, =0.025 s and =180 s at 25 °C.
Triplet Excitation Energy Transfer in the Vinyl Polymers with Pendant Carbazolyl Groups
Authors: Itaya Akira , Okamoto Ken-ichi , Kusabayashi Shigekazu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The triplet energy transfer in poly(N-vinylcarbazole)(PVCz) prepared by radical and cationic polymerization (PVCz(r) and PVCz(c) respectively), poly[2-(N-carbazolyl)ethyl vinyl ether](PCzEVE), and brominated PVCz (BPVCz) has been investigated by measuring the delayed emission spectra in solid films and rigid solutions at 77 K. The prompt and delayed fluorescence spectra both in the solid film and in the rigid solution at 77 K were different for PVCz(r) and PVCz(c). This seems to be due to the difference in tacticity between them. PCzEVE, in which the Cz groups are connected from afar to the skeletal chains by means of –O–CH2–CH2–bonds, showed the delayed fluorescence and the phosphorescence both in the rigid solutions and in the solid films at 77 K. The BPVCz film showed only the excimer phosphorescence. In the solid films of PVCz(r), PVCz(c), and PCzEVE, the Cz chromophore-delayed fluorescence increased with an increase in the concentration of triplet quenchers, such as naphthalene and fluorene. This phenomenon suggests the presence of a heterogeneous triplet-triplet annihilation in these aromatic vinyl polymer films. The quenching of the Cz chromophore phosphorescence both by the doping of the naphthalene in the solid films and by the doping of the 1,3-pentadiene in the rigid solutions obeyed the Stern-Volmer equation, and the migration coefficient, λ, and the mean exciton migration length, L, were obtained. The values of λ and L were in the following order; PVCz(r)&gt;PVCz(c)&gt;PCzEVE (&gt;BPVCz) in the solid film and PVCz(r)&gt;PVCz(c) in the rigid solutions. The order was explained by both the concentration of the intrinsic trap sites for triplet excitons and the distance between neighboring Cz chromophores in one polymer chain.
Heat Capacities and Some Vibrational Properties of Rubidium Chloride
Authors: Higashigaki Yoshiyuki , Chihara Hideaki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Molar heat capacities of RbCl were measured between 3 and 300 K with an adiabatic calorimeter and complete thermodynamic properties of the solids have been obtained. The nature of the lattice vibration spectrum of RbCl is examined in terms of the moments of spectrum. Values derived are θ0=184.9±1.3 K, θ∞=190.0±1.0 K, Ez(zero-point energy)=3.43±0.01 kJ mol−1. Those properties depend on the kind of cation rather than on the anion in alkali halides. Anharmonicity in the vibration is also discussed.
The Crystal Structure of (+)350-(R)-Propylenediamine-N,N′-dimethylethylenediamineplatinum(II) Di-μ-(+)-tartrato(4–)bis(antimonate(III)) Dihydrate
Authors: Matsumoto Keiji , Ooi Shun’ichiro , Sakuma Masao , Kuroya Hisao 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The crystal of the title compound is monoclinic, with a=9.415(3), b=15.767(7), c=8.786(3) Å, β=94.25(4)°, the space group of P21 and Z=2. The structure was determined from the counter intensity data by heavy-atom techniques and was refined by the block-diagonal least-squares calculations to R 0.050 for 2604 non-zero reflections. The Pt atom has a square-planar coordination by 4N atoms, the secondary N atoms of which are of the S absolute configuration.
Equilibria and Substrate Specificity Studies with Alcohol Dehydrogenases
Authors: Price Charles C , Iwasa Mitsuhiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
While secondary alcohols and NAD+, and ketones and NADH react much slowly than the ethanol–acetaldehyde system in the presence of yeast and liver alcohol dehydrogenases, by starting near equilibrium concentrations, it has been shown that expected thermodynamic equilibria are obtained. With liver ADH, cycloalkanols are remarkably reactive, while with yeast ADH those with six or more carbon atoms in the ring are unreactive. Horse liver ADH shows stereospecificity for 2-octanol, but no stereospecificity for 2-butanol. On the other hand, yeast ADH shows the same stereoselectivity for both alcohols. In the presence of yeast ADH, R(−)-isomers of 2-butanol, 2-octanol and 1-methoxy-2-propanol are not reactive, comparing to the big reactivity of S(+)-isomers of these alcohols, but R(−)-isomer of propylene glycol is also slightly reactive as S(+)-isomer. Further, the reactivity of secondary alcohols with NAD+ in the presence of liver ADH is following, 2-octanol&gt;2-butanol&gt;2-propanol. These results suggest that horse liver ADH is much less sterically hindered at its active site than yeast ADH and that not only the steric factor but also hydrophobic bonding between the end alkyl group of alcohol and the hydrophobic region of enzyme might be another important factor to determine stereospecificity and reactivity of enzyme.
A Study of Metal–Ligand Vibrations in Nickelocene and Ferrocene
Authors: Yokoyama Kenji , Kobinata Shunsuke , Maeda Shiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Raman and infrared spectra of nickelocene and ferrocene were studied as regards metal–ligand vibrations. It was found that the C5H5-ring tilt vibration, ν16(e1g), of nickelocene has considerably low frequency. This was discussed in view of metal–ligand binding between both metallocenes.
Studies of the Isomerization of Unsaturated Carboxylic Acids. II. The Thermal Rearrangement of Citraconic Acid to Itaconic Acid in Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Sakai Mutsuji 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The thermal reaction of citraconic acid (2) in water gives a mixture of products similar to that obtained from itaconic acid (1) in water. After 22 h at 170 °C, the equilibrium composition about 74%, 18%, and 8% 1, 2, and mesaconic acid respectively. At the optimum conditions (170 °C for 3 h), the yield of 1 is 65%. The mechanism of the reaction is discussed.
Far Infrared Spectra of Solid 1,2-Dihalogenoethane
Authors: Hiraishi Jiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Far infrared spectra are measured for solid 1,2-dichloro-, dibromo-, and diiodoethane at several temperatures. The translational lattice vibrations of the crystals are observed for both high and low temperature phases. The observed frequencies of the low temperature phase of 1,2-dichloroethane agreed with the frequencies calculated by Mizushima et al. (Ref. 5). The nature of the phase transition is discussed on the basis of the temperature dependence of the spectra. The low frequency Raman spectrum of 1,2-diiodoethane is also reported.
Reaction of 1-Alkylpyridinium Salts Carrying a Methyl or an Amino Group at the 2- or 4-Position with Activated Ethoxymethylene Compounds in the Presence of Alkali
Authors: Kakehi Akikazu , Ito Suketaka , Funahashi Takahisa , Ogasawara Norio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
It was found that various 1-alkyl-2-(1a–d) and 4-picolinium salts(5a,b) react smoothly with ethoxymethylene compounds(2a–c) activated by electron-withdrawing substituents in the presence of alkali to give the corresponding 1-alkyl-2-(4a–i) and 4-allylidenedihydropyridine derivatives(6a–d) in fairly good yields. 1-Methyl-2-(vinylimino)dihydropyridine(8a) and pyrimidine(8b) were obtained by the reactions of 1-methyl-2-aminopyridinium(7a) and pyrimidinium iodide (7b) with ethyl ethoxymethylenecyanoacetate(2a) under similar reaction conditions.
The Reaction of 3,5-Dimethylisoxazole with Carbonyl Compounds
Authors: Kashima Choji , Uemori Masakazu , Tsuda Yoshihiko , Omote Yoshimori 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The reaction product of 3,5-dimethylisoxazole (1) with methyl benzoate was found to be 3-methyl-5-(benzoylmethyl)isoxazole in the presence of sodium amide in liquid ammonia. On the other hand, the reaction of 1 with ethyl acetate did not give 3-methyl-5-acetonylisoxazole under similar conditions. The latter reaction product was, however, obtained in a good yield in the presence of lithium amide in liquid ammonia. The reaction of 1 with ketones and aldehydes was proved to give 3-methyl-5-(2-hydroxyalkyl)isoxazoles regiospecifically in the presence of alkali amide. In the above reactions, further alkylation gave 3-methyl-5-(2-alkoxyalkyl)isoxazoles in moderate yields. Compound 1 reacted with acrylaldehyde, crotonaldehyde, and cinnamaldehyde to give 1,2-addition products, 3-methyl-5-(2-hydroxyalkenyl)isoxazoles, exclusively, but methyl cinnamate and cinnamic acid gave only Michael addition products, 4-(3-methyl-5-isoxazolyl)butanoic acid derivatives.
The Polarized Crystal Spectra of trans(O)-[Co(OCOCH3)2(en)2]+ and trans(O)-[Co(OCOCH3)2(py)2en]+
Authors: Nagasaki Shunji , Shibata Muraji 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The polarized crystal spectra of trans-(O)-[Co(OCOCH3)2(en)2]Cl have exhibited a dichroism which can be understood by means of a vibronic D4h model. On the other hand, the spectra of a new complex, trans(O)-[Co(OCOCH3)2(py)2en]ClO4, have shown a different dichroism from that in the bis(ethylenediamine) complex.
Electronic Configuration Analysis of Molecular Deformations
Authors: Okada Takashi , Nagase Shigeru , Yamaguchi Kizashi , Fueno Takayuki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A procedure is described which enables to trace the variations of electronic configuration of molecular systems undergoing structural deformation. The mapping operator proposed by Trindle is used to derive a reference set of molecular orbitals which is suitable to the analysis of the wave functions for deformed molecules. The method has been applied to the twisting of ethylene as well as the electrocyclic reactions of butadiene. The results corroborate Bader’s symmetry requirement for the electronic excitations accompanying nuclear displacements.
Studies on Pulse Polarography. IV. Normal Pulse Polarographic Behavior of Fe(II) in an Unbuffered Medium and Catalytic Wave for Fe(H)–Chlorate System
Authors: Himeno Sadayuki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The normal pulse polarogram of Fe(II) showed a double-wave behavior in an unbuffered solution containing iodate. The results of pulse polarographic and cyclic voltammetric studies indicate that colloidal Fe(OH)2 formed by the reaction between aqua-Fe(II) and OH− arising from the iodate reduction is responsible for the second wave. A catalytic wave was observed in the presence of chlorate in Tast polarography. The catalytic wave which appears to be a polarographic maximum, has an abnormal form, in which the current increases at every second or third drop because of the depletion of colloidal Fe(OH)2 around the electrode. The catalytic current is due to the reaction of chlorate with colloidal Fe(OH)2 formed in the vicinity of the electrode.
Reaction of a Stable Free Nitrogen-centered Radical, 3,4-Dihydro-2,4,6-triphenyl-2H-1,2,4,5-tetrazin-1-yl, with Grignard Reagents
Authors: Miura Yozo , Morimoto Yuzo , Kinoshita Masayoshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The reactions of 3,4-dihydro-2,4,6-triphenyl-2H-1,2,4,5-tetrazin-1-yl (1) with Grignard reagents such as ethyl-, isopropyl-, butyl-, isobutyl-, s-butyl-, t-butyl-, cyclohexyl-, phenethyl-, phenyl-, and 2-naphthylmagnesium bromides and benzylmagnesium chloride were examined. In the reactions with the alkylmagnesium halides, coupling compounds (2) of 1 with alkyl radicals derived from the alkylmagnesium halides were isolated in 41–50% yields. On the other hand, in the reactions with arylmagnesium bromides the corresponding coupling compounds were not isolated, but biphenyl and 2,2′-binaphthyl were isolated in 87 and 86% yields, respectively. From these results, the reactions of 1 with Grignard reagents are concluded to proceed through a homolytic process.
β-Disulfoxides. II. The Preparation of Some Optically Active β-Disulfoxides
Authors: Kunieda Norio , Nokami Junzo , Kinoshita Masayoshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
α-Sulfinylcarbanions (1) derived from methyl-substituted sulfoxides readily react with arenesulfinic esters (2) to give the corresponding β-disulfoxides (3) in good yields. The reaction was conducted using (−)-menthyl (−)-(S)-benzenesulfinate ((−)-(S)-2b), (−)-menthyl (−)-(S)-p-toluenesulfinate ((−)-(S)-2c), and α-p-tolylsulfinylcarbanion derived from (+)-(R)- or (−)-(S)-methyl p-tolyl sulfoxide to produce (R,S)- and/or (S,S)-diastereoisomers of five β-disulfoxides (3a–e). The configurational assignment for the diastereoisomers obtained was accomplished by a combination of NMR and polarimetric analyses.
Studies of Carbenium Ion on Unsaturated Carbon. II. Exclusive Formation of Benzofurans via Vinyl Cations in the Solvolytic Reactions of 1-Aryl-2,2-bis(o-methoxyphenyl)vinyl Halides
Authors: Sonoda Takaaki , Kobayashi Shinjiro , Taniguchi Hiroshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The reactions of 1-aryl-2,2-bis(o-methoxyphenyl)vinyl halides (4)–(7) in 80% aqueous ethanol (80% EtOH), acetic acid (AcOH), or 70% aqueous N,N-dimethylformamide gave benzofurans (8)–(10), respectively. The kinetic results i.e., 1) first-order reaction rates, 2) large α-substituent effect (ρ=−4.12 against σ+), 3) large leaving group effect (kBt⁄kCl=85 in 80% EtOH and 28 in AcOH) and 4) the solvent effect (m=0.53), are consistent with the formation of the intermediate vinyl cations (3) which are captured exclusively by the β-o-methoxyl group. In the reaction of vinyl bromide (7), the formation of 7–9% of benzofuran (11) results from the β-o-methoxyphenyl migration in the vinyl cation (17) followed by cyclization. The exclusive intramolecular cyclization of the vinyl cations is discussed in terms of the proximity effect of the β-o-methoxyl group.
Theory for Longitudinal Ion Cyclotron Resonance Power Absorption: Application to Line Shape for Nonreactive Ion
Authors: Aoyagi Katsuyuki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The rf electric field in circular concave electrodes for longitudinal ion cyclotron resonance is investigated. The potential equation of this rf electric field is theoretically derived from Laplace’s equation. The equation of the motion of an ion which moves under the simultaneous application of the magnetic field and this rf electric field was solved. The solution of this equation is used to obtain the instantaneous and total power absorptions of the ion from the rf electric field. The power absorption expression is used to derive the line-shape expresssions of the longitudinal ion cyclotron resonance.
Solvation of Metal Acetylacetonate in Organic Solvents
Authors: Kawaizumi Fumio , Matsumiya Norifumi , Miyahara Yutaka 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The velocities of ultrasonic waves in solutions of metal acetylacetonate in organic solvents were measured with an ultrasonic interferometer operating at 4MHz at 5 and 15 °C. The solvation behavior was marked in the [Mg(acac)2]–methanol system. The results are compared with those of such different methods as IR and NMR spectroscopies.