bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations between maternal smartphone use and mother‐infant responsiveness: A cluster analysis of potential risk and protective factors
Authors: Golds Lisa , Gillespie‐Smith Karri , MacBeth Angus 
Published: March 2024

AbstractContradictory results in the extant literature suggests that additional risk factors should be considered when exploring the impacts of maternal smartphone use on mother‐infant relationships. This study used cluster analysis to explore whether certain risk factors were implicated in mother‐infant dyads with high smartphone use and low mother‐infant responsiveness. A cross‐sectional survey of 450 participants in the UK measured infant social‐emotional development, maternal depressive, anxiety and stress symptoms, wellbeing, social support, smartphone use, and mother‐infant responsiveness. Participants were predominantly White (95.3%) and living with a partner (95.2%), with infants who were born full‐term (88.9%). Cluster analysis identified three clusters characterized as; cluster (1) “infant at risk” showing high infant development concerns, high maternal smartphone use, and low mother‐infant responsiveness; cluster (2) “mother at risk” showing high maternal depressive, anxiety, and stress scores, low social support, high maternal smartphone use, and low mother‐infant responsiveness, and cluster (3) “low risk” showing low maternal smartphone use and high mother‐infant responsiveness. Significant differences were found between all risk factors, except for maternal smartphone use and mother‐infant responsiveness between clusters 1 and 2 suggesting that both clusters require early intervention, although interventions should be tailored towards the different risk factors they are presenting with.
Combined positron emission tomography‐guided modified black phosphorus nanosheet‐based photothermal therapy and anti programmed cell death protein ligand 1 therapy
Authors: Sun Xiaona , Zhang Siqi , Jiang Shuo , Shen Jieting , Wu Yuxuan , Zhang Hailong , Zhang Ming‐Rong , Wang Rui , Hu Kuan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundPatients with cold tumors gain limited benefits from immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy owing to low programmed cell death protein ligand 1 (PD‐L1) expression and minimal immune cell infiltration. Mild photothermal therapy (PTT) using black phosphorus nanosheets (BPNSs) is a promising approach to enhance the efficacy of ICB therapy. However, to ensure that BPNS‐based PTT‐enhanced ICB therapy is clinically adaptable, a noninvasive, bedside‐accessible imaging tool capable of monitoring the status of PD‐L1 is imperative. We demonstrated that positron emission tomography (PET) using [64Cu]HKP2202 precisely delineated PD‐L1 expression in tumors receiving PTT.MethodsBPNSs were modified with polyethylene glycol to prepare BPNS@PEG, which were then characterized. MC38 cells and tumor allografts were treated with BPNS@PEG followed by 808 nm near‐infrared light exposure. PET using [64Cu]HKP2202 was performed to monitor PD‐L1 expression in vivo. We also evaluated whether the efficacy of ICB therapy improved after delivering BPNS@PEG‐based PTT.ResultsBPNS@PEG had a well‐defined lamellar structure with clear edges and an average size of 150 nm. PET and Western blotting assays indicated that PD‐L1 expression was upregulated after BPNS@PEG and NIR‐light treatment. Notably, the antitumor effect of anti PD‐L1 therapy was enhanced in mice treated with BPNS@PEG‐based PTT.ConclusionsBPNS@PEG had the capacity to convert cold tumors into hot tumors to facilitate the efficacy of ICB therapy. Importantly, the complementary diagnostic PET radiotracer targeting PD‐L1 allowed real‐time monitoring of PD‐L1 expression in the tumor microenvironment to guide ICB administration, holding great potential to achieve efficient and precise tumor immunotherapy.
The impact of children's and young adult literature courses on teachers' selection of global and culturally diverse texts for the classroom
Authors: Liang Lauren Aimonette , Cromwell Raven , Hacker Douglas J. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis large‐scale survey study examined how teachers select and integrate global and culturally diverse children's and young adult literature for their classrooms. Results from the survey captured self‐reports of the selection process, suggesting if and how teachers were selecting and integrating this literature and reflecting possible influence from children's and young adult literature courses taken in teacher preparation programs. Taking general children's and young adult literature courses, and specific courses on diverse literature and global literature was found to be related to teachers' responses to questions centered on selecting, evaluating, and integrating global and culturally diverse literature. These courses may be pivotal to increase the needed integration of global and culturally diverse children's and young adult literature into secondary and elementary classroom instruction.
Statistical identification in panel structural vector autoregressive models based on independence criteria
Authors: Herwartz Helmut , Wang Shu 
Published: March 2024

SummaryThis paper introduces a novel panel approach to structural vector autoregressive analysis. For identification, we impose independence of structural innovations at the pooled level. We demonstrate robustness of the method under cross‐sectional correlation and heterogeneity through simulation experiments. In an empirical application on monetary policy transmission in the Euro area, we find that bond spreads rise significantly after an unexpected monetary tightening. Furthermore, the central bank responds to offset effects of adverse financial shocks. Additionally, we document sizable heterogeneity in country‐specific output responses.
Formal synthesis of 10‐Hydroxy‐6‐Aryldibenzo[b,g][1,8]Naphthyridin‐11(6H)‐ones from 2‐chloroquinolin‐3‐carbaldehydes and 3‐(Arylamino)cyclohexenones
Authors: Lee Han‐Joo , Jeon Joo‐Hyun , Kim Jin‐Hee , Jalani Hitesh B. , Jeong Jin‐Hyun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe have described herein a simple and formal synthesis of 10‐Hydroxy‐6‐Aryldibenzo[b,g][1,8]naphthyridin‐11(6H)‐ones from 2‐chloroquinolin‐3‐carbaldehydes and 3‐(Arylamino)cyclohexenones. This protocol provides the formation of four rings including 1,8‐naphthyridin under the mild conditions. Furthermore, the cyclohexanone part of the enaminone undergoes air oxidation provided the phenol ring is attached directly to the 1,8‐naphthyridin scaffold. These newly formed chemo‐types may be useful in drug discovery programs probably as antibacterial agents due to the presence of 1,8‐naphthyridine.
Association between protocol change to a higher‐protein formula with lower energy targets and nutrient delivery in critically ill patients with COVID‐19: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Wittholz Kym , Hinckfus Chloe , Karahalios Amalia , Panganiban Haustine , Phillips Nadine , Rotherham Hannah , Rechnitzer Thomas , Ali Abdelhamid Yasmine , Deane Adam M. , Fetterplace Kate 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundGuidelines recommend prioritizing protein provision while avoiding excessive energy delivery to critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), but there are no prospective studies evaluating such a targeted approach in this group. We aimed to evaluate the effect of a “higher‐protein formula protocol” on protein, energy, and volume delivery when compared with standard nutrition protocol.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study of adult patients with COVID‐19 who received mechanical ventilation for >72 h and enteral nutrition. Before October 2021, the standard nutrition protocol for patients was 0.7 ml/kg/h ideal body weight (IBW) of a 63 g/L protein and 1250 kcal/L formula. From October 2021, we implemented a higher‐protein formula protocol for patients with COVID‐19. The initial prescription was 0.5 ml/kg/h IBW of a 100 g/L protein and 1260 kcal/L formula with greater emphasis on energy targets being directed by indirect calorimetry when possible. Measured outcomes included protein, energy, and volume delivered.ResultsThere were 114 participants (standard protocol, 48; higher‐protein protocol, 66) with 1324 days of nutrition support. The median (95% CI) differences in protein, energy, and volume delivery between targeted and standard protocol periods were 0.08 g/kg/day (−0.02 to 0.18 g/kg/day), −1.71 kcal/kg/day (−3.64 to 0.21 kcal/kg/day) and −1.5 ml/kg/day (−2.9 to −0.1 ml/kg/day). Thirty‐three patients (standard protocol, 7; higher‐protein protocol, 26) had 44 indirect calorimetry assessments. There was no difference in measured energy expenditure over time (increased by 0.49 kcal/kg/day [−0.89 to 1.88 kcal/kg/day]).ConclusionImplementation of a higher‐protein formula protocol to patients with COVID‐19 modestly reduced volume administration without impacting protein and energy delivery.
Covalent organic framework/layered double hydroxide composite–coated poly(ether ether ketone) jacket for stir bar sorptive extraction of Sudan dyes
Authors: He Zhenfu , Ma Shumin , Huang Peiqi , Liang Qionghuan , Wang Rong 
Published: March 2024

A novel coating for stir bar sorptive extraction was developed by growing a covalent organic framework, TpPa‐1 (derived from phenylenediamine and 1,3,5‐trimethylphloroglucinol), onto the surface of Ni‐Al layered double hydroxide. Using a poly(ether ether ketone) tube as the supporting substrate, a TpPa‐1/layered double hydroxide–coated stir bar was fabricated and demonstrated excellent extraction performance for Sudan dyes. Notably, its extraction efficiency significantly exceeded that of stir bars modified with only TpPa‐1 or Ni‐Al layered double hydroxide. Based on this innovative coating, a stir bar sorptive extraction‐high performance liquid chromatography method was established. This method exhibited low limits of detection (0.04–0.08 ng/mL) for the analysis of Sudan dyes. It also featured a wide linear range (0.25–100 or 200 ng/mL) and demonstrated good repeatability with relative standard deviations ≤6.22%. The recoveries obtained for spiked lake water and chili powder samples were 93.5%–105.2% and 87.8%–100.6%, respectively, demonstrating the practical potential of the developed method for detecting trace Sudan dyes in real samples.
Calipered kinematic alignment restored the arithmetic hip–knee–ankle angle, achieved high satisfaction and improved clinical outcomes
Authors: Suzuki Leina , Munir Selin , Hellman Jorgen 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to determine whether unrestricted calipered kinematic alignment (KA), coupled with a medial‐stabilised (MS) implant system, can reproduce the patient's constitutional alignment as per the arithmetic hip–knee‐ankle (aHKA) and improve clinical outcomes.MethodsOne‐hundred and ninety‐three patients received total knee arthroplasty by the senior author. To determine whether the constitutional alignment was achieved, the postoperative hip–knee–ankle (HKA) alignment was compared against the aHKA. Range of motion (ROM) was determined preoperative and postoperatively at 6 months and 2 years by measuring the active flexion and extension. Patient‐Reported Outcomes Measures (PROMs) including Oxford Knee Score (OKS), Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), Forgotten Joint Score (FJS) and Visual Analogue Scale for Satisfaction were also completed. The Sports and Recreation component of KOOS was used to assess the patient's ability to return to sports and daily activities.ResultsThere was a strong correlation between postoperative HKA and aHKA (r = 0.7, p < 0.05). There was a significant improvement in both extension and flexion seen from as early as 6 months postoperatively, with a mean flexion of 123° ± 11° and extension of 1° ± 3° at 2 years. PROMs had significant improvements with a mean score of 42.8 ± 6.0 for the OKS and all KOOS subscales consisting of Symptoms (88.0 ± 11.7), Pain (91.4 ± 11.6), Activities of Daily Living (91.1 ± 12.4), Sports (76.8 ± 22.1) and Quality of Life (83.0 ± 19.1). The FJS had significant improvements from 6 months to 2 years of 19.9 (p < 0.05), with a mean score of 69.2 ± 26.6 at 2 years. Ninety‐three percent (180 patients) were classified as ‘satisfied’ at the 2‐year timepoint. The KOOS Sports component was completed by 64% (124 patients), whereby the mean age was younger than the noncompliant patients (67.7 ± 9.4 vs. 71.7 ± 8.2 years).ConclusionUnrestricted calipered KA can result in an alignment that closely resembles the patient's constitutional alignment, as per the aHKA. This resulted in improved knee ROM and patient satisfaction, as well as assisting younger patients to return to sports and daily activities.Level of EvidenceLevel IV.
Effect of age and gender in rates of achieving minimal clinically important difference and patient‐acceptable symptom state 2 years after arthroscopic superior capsular reconstruction
Authors: Ben Hui , Yeom Ji Woong , Kholinne Erica , Guo Jia , Park Ji Yeon , Ryu Seung Min , Koh Kyoung‐Hwan , Jeon In‐Ho 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPurposeThis study aimed to evaluate patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs) and the effects of gender and age on achieving clinically significant outcomes in patients undergoing arthroscopic superior capsular reconstruction (ASCR) with a minimum 2‐year follow‐up.MethodsPatients undergoing ASCR for irreparable rotator cuff tear between 2013 and 2020 were reviewed. Preoperative and minimum 2‐year postoperative PROMs were collected, including American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES), Constant, single assessment numeric evaluation (SANE), and visual analog scale (VAS) scores. Minimal clinically important difference (MCID) and patient‐acceptable symptomatic state (PASS) were calculated for each functional score and analyzed according to age and gender. The percentages of patients achieving MCID and PASS were recorded.ResultsThe study included 83 patients, with a mean follow‐up of 3.5 ± 1.4 years. Significant improvements were found in ASES, Constant, SANE, and VAS for all groups based on gender and age. Based on receiver‐operating characteristic curves, all scores had acceptable areas under the curve for PASS. Values for PASS and MCID were 81.5 and 10.3 for ASES; 61.5 and 6.2 for Constant; 82.5 and 11.5 for SANE and 1.5 and 1.1 for VAS, respectively. Analysis of achieving MCID and PASS showed no difference between the groups in the majority of outcome measures. However, female patients achieved the SANE thresholds for PASS at significantly higher rates than male patients. Patients ≥65 years old achieved ASES and Constant thresholds for MCID at significantly higher rates than patients ˂65 years old.ConclusionMost patients achieved MCID and PASS at a 2‐year follow‐up. Patients showed comparable rates of MCID and PASS achievement on most outcome tools based on age and gender. Female patients achieved PASS on SANE at significantly higher rates than male patients and older patients achieved MCID on ASES and Constant at higher rates than young patients. Thus, age is a stronger factor for achieving MCID than gender.Level of EvidenceLevel II.
Recycling of Polyolefins for Multiple Lifecycles
Authors: Matthews Megan , van Reenen Albert 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe recycling of polyolefins for multiple life cycles is becoming a legislative requirement in the South African plastics industry. This study shows that this cannot be a blanket requirement for all polyolefins. While HDPE displays good resistance to weathering, the decrease in molecular weight limits the maximum number of life cycles before which the resultant product has lost all integrity. Impact polypropylenes fare much worse during weathering and more than 50% of impact properties are lost within the first 12 months of exposure. The blending of virgin material into degraded material can recover some properties of HDPE but not in the case of impact polypropylenes. The same legislation can therefore not be applied to all plastics and specific targets should depend on polymer composition.
Effects of indirect signal absorption in the chemotaxis system involving singularly signal‐dependent motilities
Authors: Li Yan , Wang Jiaqi , Pan Fei 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe consider the initial‐boundary problem of the chemotaxis system with indirect consumption
in a smoothly bounded domain with . It is shown that for all suitably regular initial data, global solvability in classical sense can be established even with singularly signal‐dependent motilities involved. To be specific, the global classical solution is constructed for arbitrary .
CEO turnover, ESG‐washing, and firm value
Authors: Yoo Ji Seon , Song Won Ja , Ku Ja Eun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the effects of chief executive officer (CEO) turnover on myopic investment decisions and firm value. A variable for environment, social, and governance (ESG)‐washing is designed and employed as an alternative proxy for myopic investment. We find that firms with more frequent CEO turnover are more likely to engage in ESG‐washing as a form of myopic investment to meet short‐term performance goals. In addition, firms that engage in ESG‐washing report lower firm value than firms that are not involved in ESG‐washing because the lack of substantive investment accompanying these activities ultimately deteriorates firm reputation and value in return for short‐term improvement in ESG performance.
Striatal and Extrastriatal Monoaminergic Disruption in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy
Authors: Ma Jing‐Hong , Dong Chong , Qiao Hong‐Wen , Barret Olivier , Tamagnan Gilles D. , Mao Wei , Xu Er‐He , Zhang Chun , Lu Jie , Chan Piu , Liu Shu‐Ying 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundAs a biomarker targeting vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2), 18F‐9‐fluoropropyldihydrotetrabenazine (18F‐FP‐DTBZ) positron emission tomography (PET) is highly accurate in diagnosing Parkinson's disease (PD) and assessing its severity. However, evidence is insufficient in patients with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP).ObjectiveWe evaluated the striatal and extrastriatal monoaminergic disruption of PSP and differences in patterns between patients with PSP, PD, and healthy controls (HCs) using 18F‐FP‐DTBZ PET, as well as its correlations with the clinical characteristics of PSP.MethodsWe recruited 58 patients with PSP, 23 age‐ and duration‐matched patients with PD, as well as 17 HCs. Patients were scanned using 18F‐FP‐DTBZ PET/computed tomography, and images were spatially normalized and analyzed based on the volume of interest.ResultsVMAT2 binding differed significantly in the striatum and substantia nigra among the groups (P < 0.001). A more severe disruption in the caudate was noted in the PSP group (P < 0.001) than in the PD group. However, no differences were found in the nucleus accumbens, hippocampus, amygdala, or raphe between the PD and PSP groups. Within the PSP group, striatal VMAT2 binding was significantly associated with the fall/postural stability subscore of the PSP Rating Scale, especially in the putamen. Furthermore, VMAT2 binding was correlated with Mini‐Mental State Examination or Montreal Cognitive Assessment in the hippocampus.ConclusionsCaudate disruptions showed prominent differences among the groups. VAMT2 binding in the striatum and hippocampus reflects the severity of fall/postural stability and cognition, respectively. © 2024 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Climatic interactions between cold surges in the South China Sea and North Pacific extratropical cyclones
Authors: Xia Lan , Zhang Jialin , Hu Yao 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCold surge events in the South China Sea (over 110–117.5° E longitude at 15° N latitude) from 1979 to 2019 are divided into four types depending on their correlation with North Pacific extratropical cyclones (ECs). Climatologic relationships between the two phenomena reveal that 92% (39%) of all cold surges are accompanied by ECs (explosive extratropical cyclones, abbreviated as EC‐E), while 31% of ECs are accompanied by cold surges. The occurrence and development of ECs favour eruptions of cold air from higher latitudes, which in turn produce conditions conducive to cold surges. In the North Pacific, ECs travel in a northeastward direction, ultimately contributing to the Aleutian low. Meanwhile, the westerly jet is observed to strengthen following cold surge events. Both actions drive further EC activity, which in turn facilitates subsequent cold surges. Therefore, when ECs occur before and after cold surges, the cold surge event itself tends to be relatively strong and long lived. The transmission of energy by ECs is a primary link between the high and middle latitudes and contributes to the impact of cold surges on low latitudes. This study also explores the respective influences of the Siberia High and Aleutian Low on cold surges. The majority of cold surges that do not involve ECs occur in the context of the weaker Siberia High and Aleutian Low. Cold surges accompanied with ECs can be even stronger and longer lasting when the Siberia High and Aleutian Low strengthen.
Adapting low‐dose CT denoisers for texture preservation using zero‐shot local noise‐level matching
Authors: Ko Youngjun , Song Seongjong , Baek Jongduk , Shim Hyunjung 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundOn enhancing the image quality of low‐dose computed tomography (LDCT), various denoising methods have achieved meaningful improvements. However, they commonly produce over‐smoothed results; the denoised images tend to be more blurred than the normal‐dose targets (NDCTs). Furthermore, many recent denoising methods employ deep learning(DL)‐based models, which require a vast amount of CT images (or image pairs).PurposeOur goal is to address the problem of over‐smoothed results and design an algorithm that works regardless of the need for a large amount of training dataset to achieve plausible denoising results. Over‐smoothed images negatively affect the diagnosis and treatment since radiologists had developed clinical experiences with NDCT. Besides, a large‐scale training dataset is often not available in clinical situations. To overcome these limitations, we propose locally‐adaptive noise‐level matching (LANCH), emphasizing the output should retain the same noise‐level and characteristics to that of the NDCT without additional training.MethodsWe represent the NDCT image as the pixel‐wisely weighted sum of an over‐smoothed output from off‐the‐shelf denoiser (OSD) and the difference between the LDCT image and the OSD output. Herein, LANCH determines a 2D ratio map (i.e., pixel‐wise weight matrix) by locally matching the noise‐level of output and NDCT, where the LDCT‐to‐NDCT device flux (mAs) ratio reveals the NDCT noise‐level. Thereby, LANCH can preserve important details in LDCT, and enhance the sharpness of the noise‐free regions. Note that LANCH can enhance any LDCT denoisers without additional training data (i.e., zero‐shot).ResultsThe proposed method is applicable to any OSD denoisers, reporting significant texture plausibility development over the baseline denoisers in quantitative and qualitative manners. It is surprising that the denoising accuracy achieved by our method with zero‐shot denoiser was comparable or superior to that of the best training‐based denoisers; our result showed 1% and 33% gains in terms of SSIM and DISTS, respectively. Reader study with experienced radiologists shows significant image quality improvements, a gain of + 1.18 on a five‐point mean opinion score scale.ConclusionsIn this paper, we propose a technique to enhance any low‐dose CT denoiser by leveraging the fundamental physical relationship between the x‐ray flux and noise variance. Our method is capable of operating in a zero‐shot condition, which means that only a single low‐dose CT image is required for the enhancement process. We demonstrate that our approach is comparable or even superior to supervised DL‐based denoisers that are trained using numerous CT images. Extensive experiments illustrate that our method consistently improves the performance of all tested LDCT denoisers.