bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Three Polymorphic Forms of the Co‐Crystal 4,4′‐Bipyridine/Pimelic Acid and their Structural, Thermal, and Spectroscopic Characterization
Authors: Braga Dario , Palladino Giuseppe , Polito Marco , Rubini Katia , Grepioni Fabrizia , Chierotti Michele R. , Gobetto Roberto 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThree crystal forms of the co‐crystal 4,4′‐bipy/pimelic acid (bipy: bipyridine), [NH4C5‐C5H4N]⋅[HOOC(CH2)5COOH], have been prepared and their relationship investigated by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, variable‐temperature X‐ray powder diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry and solid‐state NMR spectroscopy. Both X‐ray and NMR spectroscopic results indicate that no proton transfer takes place, that is, the three crystal forms are true co‐crystals of neutral molecules. Forms I and II both convert into Form III at high temperature, Forms II and III being the thermodynamically stable forms at room and high temperature, respectively.
New Templating Strategies with Salen Scaffolds (Salen=N,N′‐Bis(salicylidene)ethylenediamine Dianion)
Authors: Kleij Arjan W. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractTemplated approaches towards selective organic synthesis is a common feature in nature in which nucleic acid templated synthesis plays a crucial role in various fundamental biological processes. The key feature that allows control over the amazing selectivity found in natural processes is evidently the effective molarity of the reaction partners that is mediated by the macromolecular templation event. An ongoing challenge within many chemical sciences is to exploit similar templating principles and make use of synthetic systems that are designed for specific chemical conversions. Here, we describe the recent developments that involve (metallo)salen scaffolds that are used for diverse templating events (salen=N,N′‐bis(salicylidene)ethylenediamine dianion).
Error resilient data transport in sensor network applications: A generic perspective
Authors: Agarwal Rachit , Popovici Emanuel , Sala Massimiliano , O'Flynn Brendan 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThe error recovery problem in wireless sensor networks is studied from a generic resource‐constrained energy‐optimization perspective. To characterize the features of error recovery schemes that suit the majority of applications, an energy model is developed and inferences are drawn based on a suitable performance metric. For applications that require error control coding, an efficient scheme is proposed based on an interesting observation related to shortened Reed–Solomon (RS) codes for packet reliability. It is shown that multiple instances (γ) of RS codes defined on a smaller alphabet combined with interleaving results in smaller resource usage, while the performance exceeds the benefits of a shortened RS code defined over a larger alphabet. In particular, the proposed scheme can have an error correction capability of up to γ times larger than that of the conventional RS scheme without changing the rate of the code with much lower power, timing and memory requirements. Implementation results show that such a scheme is 43% more power efficient compared with the RS scheme with the same code rate. Besides, such an approach results in 46% faster computations and 53% reduction in memory requirements. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A new telomerase inhibitor and apoptosis‐inducing agent in leukemia: perylene derivative G‐quadruplex ligand Tel03
Authors: Chu Bin , Yuan Gu , Zhou Jiang , Ou Yuan , Zhu Ping 
Published: September 2008

AbstractTel03 (N,N′‐Bis‐(2‐(dimethylamino)ethyl)‐3,4,9,10‐perylentetra‐carboxylic acid diimide), a perylene derivative, was synthesized and its interaction with different forms of human telomeric DNA examined . The effect of Tel03 on leukemia cells in short‐term cultures was also used to explore its molecular actions. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI‐MS) analysis indicated that Tel03 specifically recognizes telomeric quadruplex, not duplex DNA. After the treatment with Tel03 (0.1–10 µM) for 48 h, telomerase activity in K562 leukemia cell extracts was inhibited in a dose‐dependent manner as assessed with a telomere repeat amplification protocol (TRAP) assay. MTT assay results showed that Tel03 (0.1–10 µM) inhibited the proliferation of K562 cells after treatment for 72 h. In addition, apoptosis was observed. Using real‐time quantitative PCR and Western blot analysis, the expression of c‐myc and bcl‐2 was markedly down‐regulated at both the mRNA and protein levels. However, no changes were observed in the expression of bax. We conclude that G‐quadruplex ligand, Tel03, is a novel telomerase inhibitor and apoptosis‐inducing agent in leukemia cells acting via down‐regulation of bcl‐2 and c‐myc. Tel03 has the potential to be developed as an antileukemia drug. Drug Dev Res 69:235–241, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Behavioral and biochemical effects of Kaixin‐San, a traditional Chinese medicinal empirical formula
Authors: Hu Yuan , Liu Ping , Dai‐Hong Guo , Rahman Khalid , Wang Dong‐Xiao , Chen Meng‐Li , Xie Ting‐Ting 
Published: September 2008

AbstractKaixin‐San (KXS), a traditional Chinese medicine, has been used in the treatment of depression. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of an ethanolic extract of KXS (KXS‐E) in mouse models of depression, the forced swim test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST). At doses of 500 mg/kg, KXS‐E reduced the immobility time in the FST and TST in mice 30 min after treatment. The main monoamine neurotransmitters and their metabolites in mouse brain regions were also simultaneously determined by HPLC‐ECD. KXS‐E not only increased the concentrations of 5‐HT and NE in whole brain, but also reduced the ratio of 5‐HIAA/5‐HT, slowing down 5‐HT metabolism as compared with mice treated with vehicle+stress. In conclusion, KXS‐E produced antidepressant‐like effects in a mouse model with a mechanism of action that may involve increased 5‐HT and NE in the mouse brain. Drug Dev Res 69:267–271, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Variability of body weight, pulse pressure and glycaemia strongly predict total mortality in elderly type 2 diabetic patients. The Verona Diabetes Study
Authors: Zoppini Giacomo , Verlato Giuseppe , Targher Giovanni , Bonora Enzo , Trombetta Maddalena , Muggeo Michele 
Published: September 2008

AbstractBackgroundAgeing is characterized by a decreased functional reserve, a concept defined as homeostenosis. We assessed the impact of long‐term exposure to the average value (mean) or to the variability (coefficient of variation) of fasting glycaemia, body mass index (BMI) and pulse pressure on total mortality in a cohort of type 2 diabetic patients.MethodsFasting glycaemia, BMI and pulse pressure values were collected over a period of 3 years in 1 319 type 2 diabetic patients who were subsequently followed up for 10 years. For each patient, the means and the coefficients of variation of fasting glycaemia, BMI and pulse pressure were computed. The adverse impact of these risk factors on total mortality was assessed in patients aged < 65 years (n = 565) and in those aged ≥ 65 years (n = 754), separately.ResultsDuring the 10 years of follow‐up, 438 patients died. In younger diabetic patients, the means of fasting glycaemia [hazard ratio (HR) of III tertile versus I tertile = 2.11, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.22–3.64], BMI (HR = 1.88, 1.12–3.14) and pulse pressure (HR = 2.36, 1.34–4.16) were independently associated with total mortality, while in older patients they were not. In contrast, the coefficients of variation of glycaemia (HR = 1.56, 1.17–2.08), BMI (HR = 1.34, 1.03–1.75) and pulse pressure (HR = 1.34, 1.03–1.74) independently predicted total mortality only in older patients.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that the variability of fasting glycaemia, body weight and blood pressure (BP) is independently associated with an increased risk of all‐cause mortality in older type 2 diabetic patients. Future studies are required to confirm the reproducibility of our findings. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pitx2 deletion in pituitary gonadotropes is compatible with gonadal development, puberty, and fertility
Authors: Charles Michael A. , Mortensen Amanda H. , Potok Mary Anne , Camper Sally A. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThis report introduces a gonadotrope‐specific cre transgenic mouse capable of ablating floxed genes in mature pituitary gonadotropes. Initial analysis of this transgenic line, Tg(Lhb‐cre)1Sac, reveals that expression is limited to the pituitary cells that produce luteinizing hormone beta, beginning appropriately at e17.5. Cre activity is detectable by a reporter gene in nearly every LHβ‐producing cell, but the remaining hormone‐producing cell types and other organs exhibit little to no activity. We used the Tg(Lhb‐cre)1Sac strain to assess the role Pitx2 in gonadotrope function. The gonadotrope‐specific Pitx2 knockout mice exhibit normal expression of LHβ, sexual maturation, and fertility, suggesting that Pitx2 is not required for gonadotrope maintenance or for regulated production of gonadotropins. genesis 46:507–514, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Evolutionary conservation of vertebrate notochord genes in the ascidian Ciona intestinalis
Authors: Kugler Jamie E. , Passamaneck Yale J. , Feldman Taya G. , Beh Jeni , Regnier Todd W. , Di Gregorio Anna 
Published: September 2008

AbstractTo reconstruct a minimum complement of notochord genes evolutionarily conserved across chordates, we scanned the Ciona intestinalis genome using the sequences of 182 genes reported to be expressed in the notochord of different vertebrates and identified 139 candidate notochord genes. For 66 of these Ciona genes expression data were already available, hence we analyzed the expression of the remaining 73 genes and found notochord expression for 20. The predicted products of the newly identified notochord genes range from the transcription factors Ci‐XBPa and Ci‐miER1 to extracellular matrix proteins. We examined the expression of the newly identified notochord genes in embryos ectopically expressing Ciona Brachyury (Ci‐Bra) and in embryos expressing a repressor form of this transcription factor in the notochord, and we found that while a subset of the genes examined are clearly responsive to Ci‐Bra, other genes are not affected by alterations in its levels. We provide a first description of notochord genes that are not evidently influenced by the ectopic expression of Ci‐Bra and we propose alternative regulatory mechanisms that might control their transcription. genesis 46:697–710, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Novel caspase‐suicide proteins for tamoxifen‐inducible apoptosis
Authors: Chu Yuanyuan , Senghaas Niklas , Köster Reinhard W. , Wurst Wolfgang , Kühn Ralf 
Published: September 2008

AbstractTaking advantage of a mutant estrogen receptor ligand binding domain (ERT2), we developed novel Caspase fusion proteins for inducible apoptosis. We show that Caspase‐ERT2 fusion proteins become specifically activated by the synthetic ligand 4‐OH‐ tamoxifen and rapidly induce apoptotic cell death in human, murine, and zebrafish cells. This novel tool for targeted cell ablation greatly facilitates the generation of disease models as well as developmental and regeneration studies in model organisms. genesis 46:530–536, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Generation and characterization of EphA1 receptor tyrosine kinase reporter knockout mice
Authors: Duffy Shannon L. , Coulthard Mark G. , Spanevello Mark D. , Herath Nirmitha I. , Yeadon Trina M. , McCarron Jennifer K. , Carter Jacinta C. , Tonks Ian D. , Kay Graham F. , Phillips Gael E. , Boyd Andrew W. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractEph receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are a highly conserved family of signaling proteins with functions in cellular migration, adhesion, apoptosis, and proliferation during both adult and embryonic life. Here, we describe a knock‐in mouse in which EphA1 expression is disrupted via the insertion of an internal ribosome entry site (IRES)‐human placental alkaline phosphatase (ALPP) reporter cassette into exon II of the EphA1 gene. This was shown to successfully knockout expression of endogenous EphA1 and enforce expression of the ALPP reporter by the EphA1 promoter. Staining for the ALPP reporter protein demonstrated an epithelially restricted expression pattern in mouse tissues. In EphA1 null mice, two separate phenotypes were identified: abnormal tail development manifesting as a kinky tail was found in ∼80% of homozygous adults. A second, distinct abnormality present in ∼18% of females was characterized by imperforate uterovaginal development with hydrometrocolpos and caused by a resistance of cells to apoptosis during reproductive tract canalization. These results indicate a possible role for EphA1 in tissue patterning and hormone‐induced apoptotic processes. genesis 46:553–561, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Design of new solid catalysts for the selective conversion of glycerol
Authors: Barrault Joel , Jerome François 
Published: September 2008

AbstractGlycerol is now obtained as a co‐product of biodiesel from renewable raw materials with a dramatically increasing production. It follows that one of the most important breakthroughs is to find new catalytic processes for chemical valorizations. The present paper gives a short overview of selective esterification, transesterification or etherification of glycerol via the use of new heterogeneous catalysts. The selectivity control is mainly the result of the synthesis of mesoporous materials for which acidic or basic properties as well as the surface hydrophilic‐lipophilic balance were optimized.
Measurement of Nitrogen Mustard Degradation Products by Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Microchip Electrophoresis with Contactless Conductivity Detection
Authors: Ding Yongsheng , Rogers Kim 
Published: September 2008

AbstractA poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) microfluidic device with contactless conductivity detection for the determination of nitrogen mustard degradation products is reported. Three alkyl ethanolamines: N‐methyldiethanolamine (MDEA), N‐ethyldiethanolamine (EDEA), and triethanolamine (TEA), (degradation/ precursor products of HN‐1, HN‐2 and HN‐3 blister agents) were analyzed by microchip capillary electrophoresis (CE). The original PDMS channel was coated by poly(ethyleneimine) (PEI) to improve the separation of three ethanolamines. Experimental conditions for the separation and detection processes have been optimized to yield well defined separation and high sensitivity. The response times for the three ethanolamines were less than 5 min., the detection limits were 2.0–4.0 mg L−1 and the relative standard derivations for the migration times and peak heights were 1.6–2.3% and 4.1–5.7%, respectively. The linearity of calibration for each of the compounds was as follows: MDEA, r2=0.970; EDEA, r2=0.994; TEA, r2=0.988. Applicability of this method for natural (lake and tap) water samples was also demonstrated. Compared to conventional analytical methods, this miniaturized system offers promise for on‐site monitoring of degradation products of the nitrogen mustard class of chemical warfare agents, with advantages of cost‐effective construction, simple operation, portability, and small required sample volumes.
Selective Electrochemical Epinephrine Sensor Using Self‐Assembled Monomolecular Film of 1,8,15,22‐Tetraaminophthalocyanatonickel(II) on Gold Electrode
Authors: Sivanesan Arumugam , John Swamidoss Abraham 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThis article describes the highly sensitive and selective determination of epinephrine (EP) using self‐assembled monomolecular film (SAMF) of 1,8,15,22‐tetraamino‐phthalocyanatonickel(II) (4α‐NiIITAPc) on Au electrode. The 4α‐NiIITAPc SAMF modified electrode was prepared by spontaneous adsorption of 4α‐NiIITAPc from dimethylformamide solution. The modified electrode oxidizes EP at less over potential with enhanced current response in contrast to the bare Au electrode. The standard heterogeneous rate constant (k°) for the oxidation of EP at 4α‐NiIITAPc SAMF modified electrode was found to be 1.94×10−2 cm s−1 which was much higher than that at the bare Au electrode. Further, it was found that 4α‐NiIITAPc SAMF modified electrode separates the voltammetric signals of ascorbic acid (AA) and EP with a peak separation of 250 mV. Using amperometric method the lowest detection limit of 50 nM of EP was achieved at SAMF modified electrode. Simultaneous amperometric determination of AA and EP was also achieved at the SAMF modified electrode. Common physiological interferents such as uric acid, glucose, urea and NaCl do not interfere within the potential window of EP oxidation. The present 4α‐NiIITAPc SAMF modified electrode was also successfully applied to determine the concentration of EP in commercially available injection.
Fire loads in commercial premises
Authors: Zalok E. , Hadjisophocleous G. V. , Mehaffey J. R. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThis paper presents the results of a survey conducted in the Canadian cities of Ottawa and Gatineau to characterize fire loads in commercial premises. The survey included various commercial establishments such as restaurants, travel agencies, and pharmacies, as well as, retail stores selling clothing, shoes, food, alcohol, computers, and computer supplies. Five different types of combustible material groups were selected as the base of analyses: textiles, plastics, wood/paper, food, and miscellaneous. The data collected were analyzed to determine the total fire load in each establishment, the fire load density, and the contribution of different combustible materials to the total fire load. A total of 168 commercial premises were surveyed with a total floor area of 17127 m2. The area of the surveyed stores ranged from 3.25 to 1707 m2. The fire load densities of the 168 surveyed stores had a lognormal distribution with a mean value of 747 MJ/m2, a maximum value of 5305 MJ/m2, a minimum value of 56 MJ/m2, and a standard deviation of 833 MJ/m2. In most stores, the 95th percentile and the mean fire load density showed a tendency to decrease with an increase of floor area, which is consistent with those of earlier surveys. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Prenatal and perinatal risk factors for neuroblastoma
Authors: Bluhm Elizabeth , McNeil Dawn Elizabeth , Cnattingius Sven , Gridley Gloria , El Ghormli Laure , Fraumeni Joseph F. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractNeuroblastoma is a rare embryonal tumor of childhood for which risk factors are not well known. Using a nested case–control design, we investigated prenatal, perinatal and neonatal risk factors in detail by linking 245 pediatric neuroblastoma cases identified in the Swedish Cancer Register diagnosed in the year 1973–1995 with the Swedish Medical Birth Register. Five living controls per case were randomly selected from the birth registry, matched by gender and age. Increased risks were associated with maternal anemia during pregnancy (odds ratio (OR) = 2.95, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.53, 5.69), neonatal respiratory distress (OR = 3.61, 95% CI: 1.41, 9.24) and low (below or equal to 7) 1‐min Apgar score (OR = 2.23, 95% CI: 1.41, 3.52). Increased risks were limited to cases diagnosed before 1 year of age. Markers of prenatal, perinatal and neonatal distress may be associated with neuroblastoma in infancy, but not with diagnoses at 1 year or above. Published 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Selective expression of inhibitory Fcγ receptor by metastatic melanoma impairs tumor susceptibility to IgG‐dependent cellular response
Authors: Cassard Lydie , Cohen‐Solal Joel F.G. , Fournier Emilie M. , Camilleri‐Broët Sophie , Spatz Alain , Chouaïb Salem , Badoual Cécile , Varin Audrey , Fisson Sylvain , Duvillard Pierre , Boix Charlotte , Loncar Shannon M. , Sastre‐Garau Xavier , Houghton Alan N. , Avril Marie‐Françoise , Gresser Ion , Fridman Wolf H. , Sautès‐Fridman Catherine 
Published: September 2008

AbstractDuring melanoma progression, patients develop anti‐tumor immunity including the production of anti‐tumor antibodies. Although the strategies developed by malignant cells to escape anti‐tumor cellular immunity have been extensively investigated, little is known about tumor resistance to humoral immunity. The main effect of IgG antibodies is to activate the immune response by binding to host Fc gamma receptors (FcγR) expressed by immune cells. We previously reported in a limited study that some human metastatic melanoma cells ectopically express the FcγRIIB1, an inhibitory isoform of FcγR. By analyzing a large panel of different types of human primary and metastatic solid tumors, we report herein that expression of FcγRIIB is restricted to melanoma and is acquired during tumor progression. We show that FcγRIIB expression prevents the lysis of human metastatic melanoma cells by NK cell‐mediated antibody‐dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) in vitro, independently of the intracytoplasmic region of FcγRIIB. Using experimental mouse models, we demonstrate that expression of FcγRIIB protects B16F0 melanoma tumors from the ADCC induced by monoclonal and polyclonal anti‐tumor IgG in vivo. Thus, our results identify FcγRIIB as a marker of human metastatic melanoma that impairs the tumor susceptibility to FcγR‐dependent innate effector responses. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Lysophosphatidic acid activates telomerase in ovarian cancer cells through hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α and the PI3K pathway
Authors: Yang Kun , Zheng Danhua , Deng Xiaoli , Bai Lin , Xu Yan , Cong Yu‐Sheng 
Published: September 2008

AbstractTelomerase is reactivated in over 90% of tumors and plays critical roles in tumor progression. The mechanisms by which telomerase is up‐regulated in cancer cells are poorly understood. Here we showed that a bioactive lipid, lysophophatidic acid (LPA), up‐regulated the expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) and telomerase activity in serous ovarian adenocarcinoma cell lines SKOV3, A2780, and HEY, but not in OCC1, a clear cell ovarian cancer cell line. This cell type specific effect of LPA on telomerase regulation may reflect distinctive genetic backgrounds in different histological subtype of ovarian cancer cells. Our data further suggest that the phosphatidylinositol 3‐phosphate kinase (PI3K) pathway and hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α (HIF‐1α) are likely to be involved in LPA‐induced hTERT expression. Targeting human telomerase by LPA is potentially involved in its role of promoting tumor progression. J. Cell. Biochem. 105: 1194–1201, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Multicultural competence and evidence‐based practice in group therapy
Authors: Chen Eric C. , Kakkad Dhruvi , Balzano Julie 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThe multicultural competence (MC) and evidence‐based practice (EBP) initiatives have each generated healthy debates in the mental health field, with ample implications for clinical training and practice. Using two case illustrations, we highlight practical challenges and prospects in the intersection of MC and EBP. To facilitate complementary practice of MC and EBP, we offer strategies for the group therapist as a “local clinical scientist” to deliver culturally responsive treatments. We stress the importance of cultural adaptation of EBP models, namely, modifying evidence‐based interventions that involve changes in service delivery, in the nature of the therapeutic relationship, or in components of the treatment itself to accommodate the cultural beliefs and behaviors of racial‐cultural minority clients. Cultural adaptation of EBP in group therapy needs to be grounded in developmental contextualism and social justice. We discuss the two cases with an eye toward advancing multicultural competence in group therapy. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol: In Session 64:1–18, 2008.