bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel porous collagen scaffold around an implantable biosensor for improving biocompatibility. II. Long‐term in vitro/in vivo sensitivity characteristics of sensors with NDGA‐ or GA‐crosslinked collagen scaffolds
Authors: Ju Young Min , Yu Bazhang , West Leigh , Moussy Yvonne , Moussy Francis 
Published: February 2009

AbstractWe have developed a new 3D porous and biostable collagen scaffold for implantable glucose sensors. The scaffolds were fabricated around the sensors and crosslinked using nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) or glutaraldehyde (GA) to enhance physical and biological stability. The effect of the scaffolds on sensor function and biocompatibility was examined during long‐term (≥28 days) in vitro and in vivo experiments and compared with control bare sensors. To evaluate the effect of the sensor length on micromotion and sensor function, we also fabricated short and long sensors. 3D porous scaffold application around glucose sensors did not significantly affect the long‐term in vitro sensitivity of the sensors. The scaffolds, crosslinked by either NDGA or GA, remained stable around the sensors during the 4 week in vitro study. In the long‐term in vivo study, the sensitivity of the short sensors was higher than the sensitivity of long sensors presumably because of less micromotion in the subcutis of the rats. The sensors with NDGA‐crosslinked scaffolds had a higher sensitivity than the sensors with GA‐crosslinked scaffolds. Histological examination showed that NDGA‐crosslinked scaffolds retained their physical structure with reduced inflammation when compared with the GA‐crosslinked scaffolds. Therefore, the application of NDGA‐crosslinked collagen scaffolds might be a good method for enhancing the function and lifetime of implantable biosensors by minimizing the in vivo foreign body response. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2010
Cut energy costs with scorecard measuring
Authors: Roth Harold P. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractWith the rising cost of energy, many companies see energy usage as a critical success factor in their operations. But organizations need to develop strategic energy consumption plans—and measures to see if strategic goals are being met. The balanced scorecard can be a great tool for this, communicating strategic goals and linking performance measures to the strategy. The author explains what types of performance measures you can use to achieve their goals. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Missed opportunities in performance and enterprise risk management
Authors: Paladino Bob , Cuy Larry , Frigo Mark L. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractIs your organization missing opportunities to incorporate enterprise risk management (ERM) into its strategic planning and strategy management processes? This article addresses how an organization can ensure that its strategic planning process considers risk and risk management. How well, in other words, do your ongoing performance management reports include ERM program concerns? And are your ERM and strategy management or balanced scorecard (BSC) processes operated together or separately? © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Parathyroid hormone regulation of the human bone sialoprotein gene transcription is mediated through two cAMP response elements
Authors: Araki Shouta , Mezawa Masaru , Sasaki Yoko , Yang Li , Li Zhengyang , Takai Hideki , Nakayama Youhei , Ogata Yorimasa 
Published: February 2009

AbstractParathyroid hormone (PTH) regulates serum calcium and inorganic phosphate levels through its actions on kidney and bone. Bone sialoprotein (BSP) is an early marker of osteoblast differentiation and bone metabolism. We here report that two cAMP response elements (CRE) in the human BSP gene promoter are target of PTH. In human osteoblast‐like Saos2 cells, PTH (human 1−34 PTH, 10 nM) increased BSP mRNA and protein levels at 3 h. From transient transfection assays, 2‐ to 2.5‐fold increase in transcription by PTH was observed at 3 and 6 h in −184, −211, −428, −868, and −927 luciferase constructs that included the human BSP gene promoter. Effect of PTH was abrogated by 2 bp mutations in either the CRE1 (−79 to −72) or CRE2 (−674 to −667). Luciferase activities induced by PTH were blocked by protein kinase A inhibitor H89 and tyrosine kinase inhibitor herbimycin A. Gel shift analyses showed that PTH increased binding of nuclear proteins to the CRE1 and CRE2 elements. The CRE1–protein and CRE2–protein complexes were disrupted by CRE binding protein 1 (CREB1) antibodies and supershifted by phospho‐CREB1 antibody. ChIP assays detected binding of CREB1 and phospho‐CREB1 to a chromatin fragment containing CRE1 and CRE2, and increased binding of phospho‐CREB1 to the both sites. These studies demonstrate that PTH stimulates human BSP gene transcription by targeting the two CREs in the promoter of the human BSP gene. J. Cell. Biochem. 106: 618–625, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dynamic peroxide method for kLaO2 estimation
Authors: Marcelino Marcos , Guisasola Albert , Baeza Juan Antonio 
Published: February 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: A reliable kLaO2 estimation methodology in bioreactors is a recurrent topic in the literature owing to the significance of this value, particularly in respirometric measurements. The most common methodologies for kLaO2 estimation consist of modeling the profile of dissolved oxygen (DO) obtained after a perturbation of the system aeration. Among them, the dynamic peroxide method (DPM), which consists of a small addition of peroxide hydrogen for a sudden increase in the DO level, is a promising methodology.RESULTS: This work studies the reliability of kLaO2 estimates using DPM. Different experiments were performed with sludge cultures enriched with heterotrophs, nitrifiers and polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAO). The influence of several operational conditions (i.e. air flow, sludge concentration, H2O2 volume addition) on kLaO2 estimates was studied and the reliability of DPM was compared with the widely used reaeration methodology. An application of DPM in the assessment of oxygen surface transfer in a mechanically stirred bioreactor is described.CONCLUSION: DPM is a reliable methodology for kLaO2 estimation that can be successfully applied to heterotrophs, nitrifiers and PAO without observing any inhibitory effect ([H2O2] ≤ 6 mg L−1). Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
On the number of (r,r+1)‐ factors in an (r,r+1)‐factorization of a simple graph
Authors: Hilton A. J. W. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractFor integers d≥0, s≥0, a (d, d+s)‐graph is a graph in which the degrees of all the vertices lie in the set {d, d+1, …, d+s}. For an integer r≥0, an (r, r+1)‐factor of a graph G is a spanning (r, r+1)‐subgraph of G. An (r, r+1)‐factorization of a graph G is the expression of G as the edge‐disjoint union of (r, r+1)‐factors. For integers r, s≥0, t≥1, let f(r, s, t) be the smallest integer such that, for each integer d≥f(r, s, t), each simple (d, d+s) ‐graph has an (r, r+1) ‐factorization with x (r, r+1) ‐factors for at least t different values of x. In this note we evaluate f(r, s, t). © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 60: 257‐268, 2009
Polychromatic colorings of bounded degree plane graphs
Authors: Horev Elad , Krakovski Roi 
Published: February 2009

AbstractA polychromatic k‐coloring of a plane graph G is an assignment of k colors to the vertices of G such that every face of G has all k colors on its boundary. For a given plane graph G, one seeks the maximum number k such that G admits a polychromatic k ‐coloring. In this paper, it is proven that every connected plane graph of order at least three, and maximum degree three, other than K4 or a subdivision of K4 on five vertices, admits a 3‐coloring in the regular sense (i.e., no monochromatic edges) that is also a polychromatic 3‐coloring. Our proof is constructive and implies a polynomial‐time algorithm. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 60: 269‐283, 2009
Marine Isotope Stage 7–6 transition age for beach sediments at Morston, north Norfolk, UK: implications for Pleistocene chronology, stratigraphy and tectonics
Authors: Hoare P. G. , Gale S. J. , Robinson R. A. J. , Connell E. R. , Larkin N. R. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractOptically stimulated luminescence age estimates for the Pleistocene beach at Morston, north Norfolk, UK, obtained by the single‐aliquot regenerative‐dose protocol, indicate a Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 7–6 transition date. The view that the beach is of Ipswichian (MIS 5e) age, held virtually unanimously for the last 75 years, may now be discarded. The extant beach sequence lies up to ∼5 m OD, yet global models suggest that MIS 7–6 sea levels were typically substantially below that of today. The explanation may lie with poorly understood regional tectonic movements. The MIS 7–6 date helps to constrain the ages of glacial deposits that bracket the beach sediments at Morston. The underlying Marly Drift till cannot be younger than MIS 8; this may also be true for the complex assemblage of glaciogenic landforms and sediments, including the Blakeney esker, in the adjacent lower Glaven valley. The well‐established Late Devensian (MIS 2) age of the Hunstanton Till is not compromised by the date of the Morston beach. There is no indication of a proposed Briton's Lane glaciation during MIS 6 times. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Vibrational spectroscopy and DFT calculations of di‐amino acid peptides: α‐ and β‐N‐acetyl‐L‐Asp‐L‐Glu in the solid state
Authors: Kausar Nighat , Alexander Bruce D. , Dines Trevor J. , Withnall Robert , Chowdhry Babur Z. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractExperimental vibrational spectroscopic studies and density functional theory (DFT) calculations of the di‐amino acid peptide derivatives α‐ and β‐N‐acetyl‐L‐Asp‐L‐Glu have been undertaken. Raman and infrared spectra have been recorded for samples in the solid state. DFT simulations were conducted using the B3‐LYP correlation functional and the cc‐pVDZ basis set to determine energy minimized/geometry optimized structures (based on a single isolated molecule in the gaseous state). Normal coordinate calculations have provided vibrational assignments for fundamental modes, including their potential energy distributions. Significant differences are observed between α‐ and β‐N‐acetyl‐L‐Asp‐L‐Glu both in the computed structures and in the vibrational spectra. The combination of experimental and calculated spectra provide an insight into the structural and vibrational spectroscopic properties of di‐amino acid peptide derivatives. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ultrafast Raman loss spectroscopy
Authors: Umapathy Siva , Lakshmanna Adithya , Mallick Babita 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThis paper deals with a new form of nonlinear Raman spectroscopy called ‘ultrafast Raman loss spectroscopy (URLS)’. URLS is analogous to stimulated Raman spectroscopy (SRS) but is much more sensitive than SRS. The signals are background (noise) free unlike in coherent anti‐Stokes Raman spectroscopy (CARS) and it provides natural fluorescence rejection, which is a major problem in Raman spectroscopy. In addition, being a self‐phase matching process, the URLS experiment is much easier than CARS, which requires specific phase matching of the laser pulses. URLS is expected to be alternative if not competitive to CARS microscopy, which has become a popular technique in applications to materials, biology and medicine. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparative analysis of Herman‐Wallis factors for uses in coherent anti‐Stokes Raman spectra of light molecules
Authors: Marrocco Michele 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe cross section of Raman processes involving light molecules takes into account the unavoidable coupling between rotational and vibrational modes. This coupling is quantified by the Herman‐Wallis (HW) factor and its use was recently criticized in view of the known thermometric application of vibrational spectra of coherent antiStokes Raman scattering (CARS) of hydrogen. Following this line of research, this paper addresses the physical limitations of the HW factors employed ordinarily in Q‐branch CARS measurements. Furthermore, new determinations of the vibration–rotation coupling are considered. These are based on a more realistic scenario consisting of anharmonic oscillations and polarizability variations during vibration. Numerical examples for fundamental diatomics, namely H2 and N2, are given throughout the text. It is found that, as expected, the Raman cross section of H2 is strongly dependent on the HW factor and the consequent correction to CARS line intensities is of the order of 10% or greater. Surprisingly, the analysis suggests that N2 spectral data are also affected, to a certain extent, by the new HW factors. Usually, this correction is completely disregarded, but under the new understanding of the vibration–rotation coupling, Q‐branch CARS lines of N2 are predicted to undergo variations between 1 and 5% for rotational levels that are sufficiently populated at temperatures of interest for CARS studies. Oxygen is also prone to vibration–rotation corrections and is finally shown as an example between the two limits of hydrogen and nitrogen. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Raman study of V/III flux ratio effect in InP/InAlAs/InP heterostructures grown by MOCVD
Authors: Sayari A. , Yahyaoui N. , Oueslati M. , Maaref H. , Zellama K. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractMicro‐Raman measurements have been carried out in order to study the V/III flux ratio effect in InP/InAlAs/InP heterostructures grown by metal‐organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). Photoluminescence (PL) studies in InP/InAlAs/InP heterostructures1,2 show a strong dependence of the PL band linewidth on V/III molar ratio. In addition to the observation of the two‐mode behavior and the disorder activated modes in InAlAs alloy, an analysis of Raman spectra shows a line shape broadening and wavenumber shift of Raman peaks for various V/III molar ratios, with minimum linewidth and lattice mismatch occurring at V/III = 50. Also, a strong dependence on the composition modulation of the AlAs‐like longitudinal optic (LOAlAs−like) phonon was observed due to clustering. Calculation of the in‐plane strain shows that the lattice mismatch between the epilayer and the substrate is relatively insensitive to flux ratio variation within the range investigated. Therefore, the high arsenic overpressures used have an insignificant adverse effect on the quality of the hetero‐interfaces. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A novel surgical approach for complex destructive acetabular malignancies
Authors: Lietman Steven A. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractCurrent treatment of acetabular defects created by metastatic disease involve extensile approaches removing the abductors from the greater trochanter or greater trochanteric osteotomy. We have developed a technique which does not involve removal of the muscle from the greater trochanter or trochanteric osteotomy. We remove the gluteus medius muscle from its anterior origin along several inches of the anterior iliac wing and the gluteus maximus from its insertion (the conjoined tendon) along the posterior proximal femur. The entire hip joint capsule is removed from anterior and posterior to the gluteus medius and minimus taking care to leave the insertion of these muscles intact. We have performed this approach in 13 patients with known metastatic disease and our preliminary results indicate that their limp and immediate weight bearing are improvements from the current standard of care involving removal of either the insertion of the gluteus medius and minimus from the greater trochanter or greater trochanteric osteotomy. J. Surg. Oncol. 2009;99:379–381. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A community‐based survey of posttraumatic stress disorder in the Netherlands
Authors: Bronner M. B. , Peek N. , Vries M. de , Bronner A. E. , Last B. F. , Grootenhuis M. A. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractIn this study, the lifetime prevalence of stressful events and current posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in the general adult population in the Netherlands were examined, and risk groups for PTSD were determined. A representative sample of 2,238 adults (≥18 years) in the Netherlands completed digital questionnaires by computer‐assisted self‐interviewing. In total, 52.2% of the population reported at least one stressful event throughout their life. The estimated prevalence of current PTSD in the total population was 3.8%. Rape and physical assault were the stressful events most likely to be associated with PTSD, witness of injury the least likely. Stressful medical events were moderately associated with PTSD. Prevalence of PTSD was elevated among single women and middle‐aged men.
Self‐reported extremely adverse life events and longitudinal changes in five‐factor model personality traits in an urban sample
Authors: Löckenhoff Corinna E. , Terracciano Antonio , Patriciu Nicholas S. , Eaton William W. , Costa Paul T. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThis study examined longitudinal personality change in response to extremely adverse life events in a sample (N = 458) drawn from the East Baltimore Epidemiologic Catchment Area study. Five‐factor model personality traits were assessed twice over an average interval of 8 years. Twenty‐five percent of the participants reported an extremely horrifying or frightening event within 2 years before the second personality assessment. Relative to the rest of the sample, they showed increases in neuroticism, decreases in the compliance facet of agreeableness, and decreases in openness to values. Baseline personality was unrelated to future events, but among participants who reported extreme events, lower extraversion and/or conscientiousness at baseline as well as longitudinal increases in neuroticism predicted lower mental health at follow‐up.
Tough Photonic Crystals Fabricated by Photo‐Crosslinkage of Latex Spheres
Authors: Tian Entao , Cui Liying , Wang Jingxia , Song Yanlin , Jiang Lei 
Published: February 2009

AbstractA general method to enhance the mechanical properties and solvent resistance of photonic crystals (PCs) has been demonstrated. This is carried out by the crosslinkage of latex spheres via photopolymerization of acrylamide (AAm) infiltrated among them. The crosslinked PAAm enhances the interaction among latex spheres of the PCs film, and contributes to the improvement of mechanical strength and solvent resistance. The result provides a simple approach to make tough PCs films by photo‐crosslinkage, and can be extended to a wide variety of materials, will be of great importance for the practical application of PCs.magnified image
Switching the Solubility of PMMA Bearing Attached Cyclodextrin‐Moieties by Supramolecular Interactions with Ionic Liquids
Authors: Amajjahe Sadik , Munteanu Maricica , Ritter Helmut 
Published: February 2009

AbstractMethacrylate‐modified β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD) and methyl methacrylate (MMA) have been radically copolymerized to obtain hydrophobic CD copolymers. The water‐insoluble copolymers are able to form highly stable inclusion complexes with anions of ionic liquids. Surprisingly, the inclusion of the anions in the CD cavity results in a significant change of thermal and solution properties. Furthermore, it can be shown that the structure of the ionic liquid anions influences the coil structure of the copolymers. The obtained results could be proven by means of microcalorimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, and dynamic light scattering.magnified image
Analytical solution in transient thermo‐elasticity of functionally graded thick hollow cylinders (Pseudo‐dynamic analysis)
Authors: Hosseini Seyed Mahmoud , Akhlaghi Mehdi 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThis work studies transient thermal stresses in a thick hollow cylinder made of a functionally graded material (FGM). Material properties are considered to be nonlinear with a power law distribution through the thickness. The cylinder is assumed to be of infinite length, and the plane strain condition is supposed. The displacement and the distribution of stresses are obtained by analytical solution of governing differential equations of the Navier type. The transient dynamic behavior of thermal stresses is determined and discussed for various power law exponents appearing in functions determining mechanical properties of FGMs. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Improvement of accuracy of diffusion MRI using real‐time self‐gated data acquisition
Authors: Shi Xianfeng , Kholmovski Eugene G. , Kim Seong‐Eun , Parker Dennis L. , Jeong Eun‐Kee 
Published: February 2009

AbstractDiffusion‐weighted and diffusion tensor MR imaging (DWI, DTI) techniques are generally performed with signal averaging of multiple measurements to improve the signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) and the accuracy of the diffusion measurement. Any discrepancy in the images between different averages causes errors which reduce the accuracy of the diffusion MRI measurements. In this report, a motion artifact reduction scheme with a real‐time self‐gated (RTSG) data acquisition for diffusion MRI using two‐dimensional echo planar imaging (2D EPI) is described. A subject's translational and rotational motions during application of the diffusion gradients induce an additional phase term and a shift of the echo‐peak position in the k‐space, respectively. These motions also reduce the magnitude of the echo‐peak. Based on these properties, we present a new scheme which monitors the position and the magnitude of the largest echo‐peak in the k‐space. The position and the magnitude of each average is compared to those of early averaging shot to determine if the differences are within or beyond the given threshold values. Motion corrupted data are reacquired in real time. Our preliminary results using RTSG indicate an improvement of both SNR and the accuracy of diffusion MRI measurements. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Stress and strain‐driven algorithmic formulations for finite strain viscoplasticity for hybrid and standard finite elements
Authors: Jog C. S. , Bayadi Ramaprakash 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThis work deals with the formulation and implementation of finite deformation viscoplasticity within the framework of stress‐based hybrid finite element methods. Hybrid elements, which are based on a two‐field variational formulation, are much less susceptible to locking than conventional displacement‐based elements. The conventional return‐mapping scheme cannot be used in the context of hybrid stress methods since the stress is known, and the strain and the internal plastic variables have to be recovered using this known stress field. We discuss the formulation and implementation of the consistent tangent tensor, and the return‐mapping algorithm within the context of the hybrid method. We demonstrate the efficacy of the algorithm on a wide range of problems. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Influence of silver nano‐additive amount on the supramolecular structure, porosity, and properties of polyacrylonitrile precursor fibers
Authors: Mikołajczyk Teresa , Szparaga Grzegorz , Janowska Grażyna 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThis work examines the influence of the amount of silver nanoparticles added to polyacrylonitrile spinning solutions on their rheological properties as well as the structure and properties of the fibers produced. The influence of the amount of silver nanoparticles on the supramolecular structure of nanocomposite polyacrylonitrile precursor fibers, their porosity, as well as thermal and tensile strength properties was determined. The distribution of the nano‐ additive in fiber cross‐sections and on the surface was estimated. It was found that the addition of silver nanoparticles to polyacrylonitrile precursor fibers in an amount of up to 1.5% does not cause a decrease in the susceptibility of the fiber matter to deformation at the drawing stage. The produced fibers were characterized by an increased total volume of pores of 0.35 cm3/g and tenacity of more than 34 cN/tex. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.