bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Short‐echo spectroscopic imaging combined with lactate editing in a single scan
Authors: Melkus Gerd , Mörchel Philipp , Behr Volker C. , Kotas Markus , Flentje Michael , Jakob Peter M. 
Published: July 2008

AbstractA short‐echo spectroscopic imaging sequence extended with a frequency‐selective multiple‐quantum‐ coherence technique (Sel‐MQC) is presented. The method enables acquisition of a complete water‐suppressed proton spectrum with a short echo time and filtering of the J‐coupling metabolite, lactate, from co‐resonant lipids in one scan. The purpose of the study was to validate this combined pulse sequence in vitro and in vivo. Measurements on phantoms confirmed the feasibility of the method, and, for a practical in vivo application, experiments were carried out on eight tumors from two different tumor models [UT‐SCC‐8 (n = 4) and SAS (n = 4)]. T1‐ and T2‐weighted metabolite and lipid ratios were calculated, and the tumors showed different values in the central and outer regions. The ratio of the lipid methylene peak area (1.30 ppm) to choline peak area (3.20 ppm) was significantly (p < 0.01) different in the central tumor area between the two models, and lactate was detected in only three out of four tumors in the SAS tumor line. The present approach of combining short‐echo spectroscopic imaging and lactate editing allows the characterization of tumor‐specific metabolites such as choline, lipid methylene and methyl resonances as well as lactate in a single scan. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Direct methods and ADI‐preconditioned Krylov subspace methods for generalized Lyapunov equations
Authors: Damm T. 
Published: July 2008

AbstractWe consider linear matrix equations where the linear mapping is the sum of a standard Lyapunov operator and a positive operator. These equations play a role in the context of stochastic or bilinear control systems. To solve them efficiently one can fall back on known efficient methods developed for standard Lyapunov equations. In this paper, we describe a direct and an iterative method based on this idea. The direct method is applicable if the generalized Lyapunov operator is a low‐rank perturbation of a standard Lyapunov operator; it is related to the Sherman–Morrison–Woodbury formula. The iterative method requires a stability assumption; it uses convergent regular splittings, an alternate direction implicit iteration as preconditioner, and Krylov subspace methods. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Low rank solution of data‐sparse Sylvester equations
Authors: Baur U. 
Published: July 2008

AbstractIn this paper, a method for solving large‐scale Sylvester equations is presented. The method is based on the sign function iteration and is particularly effective for Sylvester equations with factorized right‐hand side. In this case, the solution will be computed in factored form as it is for instance required in model reduction. The hierarchical matrix format and the corresponding formatted arithmetic are integrated in the iteration scheme to make the method feasible for large‐scale computations. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Regularization and preconditioning of KKT systems arising in nonnegative least‐squares problems
Authors: Bellavia Stefania , Gondzio Jacek , Morini Benedetta 
Published: July 2008

AbstractA regularized Newton‐like method for solving nonnegative least‐squares problems is proposed and analysed in this paper. A preconditioner for KKT systems arising in the method is introduced and spectral properties of the preconditioned matrix are analysed. A bound on the condition number of the preconditioned matrix is provided. The bound does not depend on the interior‐point scaling matrix. Preliminary computational results confirm the effectiveness of the preconditioner and fast convergence of the iterative method established by the analysis performed in this paper. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Measuring satisfaction with nursing care among hospitalized patients: Refinement of a Spanish version
Authors: Lange Jean W. , Yellen Elaine 
Published: July 2008

AbstractThis study was designed to improve the psychometrics of English and Spanish measures of hospitalized patients' satisfaction with nursing care. One hundred Spanish‐speaking participants in the northeastern and southwestern United States completed a new 20‐item Spanish version; 64 of the same participants also completed the English version. Correlations between item pairs (p < .001, r = .56–.96) and total scores of both versions (r = .92, p < .01), and similar factor structures support equivalence of the two versions. Evidence for construct validity is also presented. Results surpass standards for new instruments and support the utility of this much needed, bilingual measure of inpatient satisfaction with nursing care. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 32:31–37, 2009
Handwriting speed: duration of testing period and relation to socio‐economic disadvantage and handedness
Authors: O'Mahony Paul , Dempsey Mairead , Killeen Hazel 
Published: July 2008

AbstractIn the course of norm‐referencing the Handwriting Speed Test (HST) for 8‐ to 18‐year‐olds in the Irish education system, the authors examined the issue of the duration of the handwriting test period, the relation of handwriting speed to socio‐economic disadvantage and the comparative handwriting speed of left‐ and right‐handed students. The literature reports some concerns about the generalizability of results from a short‐duration handwriting speed test, some evidence that children from poorer backgrounds are less proficient at handwriting, and conflicting results on the relation of handedness to speed of handwriting. The results of this study suggest that the addition of a further 9‐minute test to the 3‐minute test of the HST would improve its ability to predict handwriting speed problems in everyday extended writing tasks, such as examinations, and would also identify some children who are wrongly classified as slow writers on the 3‐minute test. The results also indicate a markedly lower‐than‐average handwriting speed for children attending designated disadvantaged schools. The results suggest that neither left‐ nor right‐handed children have a consistent advantage in handwriting speed. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Maternal serum screening in cases of mosaic and translocation Down syndrome
Authors: Dreux Sophie , Olivier Camille , Dupont Jean‐Michel , Leporrier Nathalie ,   Study Group, Oury Jean‐François , Muller Françoise 
Published: July 2008

AbstractObjectivesTo determine if the second‐trimester maternal serum markers (MSM) screening for Down syndrome (DS) is efficient in DS mosaicism or structural rearrangement cases.MethodDS mosaic or translocation cases were reviewed from databases of routine MSM DS screening. The control group consisted of 977 trisomy 21 cases included in a series of 854 902 patients (routine screening). DS risk was calculated by combination of maternal age and MSM [alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) and human choriogonadotrophin (hCG) or free β‐hCG and/or uE3] expressed in multiples of median (MoM). Mosaic DS cases were divided into three groups, < 10%, 10–49%, and ≥ 50% trisomy 21 cells. Translocation DS cases were divided into three groups, isochromosome, Robertsonian, or reciprocal translocation. Detection rate (DR) and MoMs were evaluated in each group.ResultsAs many as 76 cases of nonstandard trisomy 21 were collected. For mosaic DS cases (n = 43) DR was 69.8% (not significantly different from the 70.8% of control group). When mosaicism was less than 10%, the DR dropped to 25%. For translocation DS cases (n = 33) DR was 75.7% (not significantly different from control group) whatever the types of translocation.ConclusionIn the nonstandard DS cases, second‐trimester MSMs gave the same detection rate as for standard trisomy 21, except the cases with low‐level mosaicism (<10%). Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Camouflaged sampling and contacting of people from administrative databases: reaching target patients without knowing who they are
Authors: Maclure Malcolm , Warren Leanne , Willison Donald , Cassels Alan , Carleton Bruce 
Published: July 2008

AbstractBackgroundMethods are needed for using confidential data to select and reach patients without compromising their health privacy.Methods(a) Sampling: we created (1) an anonymous list of encrypted personal health numbers (EPHNs) of target patients (e.g., users of the medications of interest) and (2) an anonymous list of EPHNs of people randomly sampled from the general population of non‐users. The two lists were merged and randomly ordered to make a camouflaged list. People on the second list were called camouflagers. Then EPHNs were matched to names and contact information, and the EPHNs were removed from the contact list. (b) Contacting: when we contacted patients by mail or telephone, we told them their names were selected from one of two lists, and their health status was unknown to us. We invited respondents to answer (1) a short survey for the general population or (2) a longer survey concerning the target condition.ResultsIn five studies, the percentage of camouflagers—equal to one minus the positive predictive value of the camouflaged list—has varied from 10 to over 50%. This depended on the psychosocial sensitivity of the target medications or health conditions, the natural camouflaging by the population's heterogeneity or inaccuracy of the data on the target characteristic, the degree of stratification of the sample, and the cost of contacting.ConclusionCamouflaging enables administrative data to be used for contacting target patients in selected populations while adhering to current data privacy laws and ethics principles. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Syncope and sinus bradycardia from combined use of thalidomide and β‐blocker
Authors: Yamaguchi Takashi 
Published: July 2008

AbstractWe present a case of a 76‐year‐old Japanese man with hypertension and multiple myeloma (MM) presented with syncope and sinus bradycardia. Thalidomide therapy for MM was added to longstanding atenolol therapy one month prior to presentation. His heart rate (HR) was around 70 beats per minute (bpm) before addition of Thalidomide. His HR on presentation was less than 30 bpm. He was treated with intravenous atropine followed by temporary pacemaker and taken off atenolol. His HR returned to around 70 bpm few days after discontinuation of atenolol, even though he was still taking thalidomide, permitting outpatient management without a pacemaker. Both thalidomide and atenolol have been reported to cause bradycardia. Neither agent caused bradycardia when used alone in this patient, but simultaneous use caused symptomatic bradycardia. As thalidomide is prescribed more frequently, clinicians should be aware of the possibility of drug‐induced sinus bradycardia due to the interaction of thalidomide and β‐blockers. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The state of dietary supplement adverse event reporting in the United States
Authors: Gardiner Paula , Sarma Dandapantula N. , Dog Tieraona Low , Barrett Marilyn L. , Chavez Mary L. , Ko Richard , Mahady Gail B. , Marles Robin J. , Pellicore Linda S. , Giancaspro Gabriel I. 
Published: July 2008

AbstractPurposeThe Dietary Supplements Information Expert Committee (DSI‐EC; the Committee) of the United States Pharmacopeial Convention (USP) reviews safety profiles of dietary supplements before development of USP–National Formulary (USP–NF) quality monographs. Because the veracity of dietary supplement adverse event reports (DS AERs) directly affects DSI‐EC safety reviews, the Committee reviewed the current status of DS AER reporting in the US.MethodsDSI‐EC reviewed PubMed searches, information from the US Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) MedWatch program, the Toxic Exposure Surveillance System (TESS) of the American Association of Poison Control Centers (AAPCC), and reports from US and other agencies. DSI‐EC analyzed this information to identify key factors that affect the quality of DS AERs.ResultsThe overall incidence of DS AERs appears generally to be low. However, the primary reporting portal (FDA MedWatch) receives fewer AERs than do poison control centers (PCCs), and limited coordination exists among national and international surveillance programs for evaluating signals that may indicate potential public health risks. Both inadequate and poor‐quality reporting of DS AERs are major limitations of DS safety monitoring in the US.ConclusionsBased on its assessments, the Committee advances recommendations to improve the quality of reporting, monitoring, and assessing DS AERs. These include (1) enhanced data collection approaches, (2) improved coordination of AER surveillance programs, (3) strengthening of educational programs for public and health care sectors, and (4) conduct of research concerning the safety of DS. If taken, these approaches are expected to improve the health and well‐being of DS users. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Diagnostic codes for sudden cardiac death and ventricular arrhythmia functioned poorly to identify outpatient events in EPIC's General Practice Research Database
Authors: Hennessy Sean , Leonard Charles E. , Palumbo Cristin M. , Bilker Warren B. , Newcomb Craig , Kimmel Stephen E. 
Published: July 2008

AbstractPurposeTo examine the validity of OXMIS/Read diagnoses of hospitalization for sudden cardiac death and ventricular arrhythmia (SD/VA) for use in studies of arrhythmogenic effects of outpatient medications in the General Practice Research Database (GPRD).MethodsWe identified putative occurrences of hospitalization for SD/VA in patients receiving outpatient prescriptions for cisapride, domperidone, or metoclopramide. We then administered a questionnaire to general practitioners (GPs) caring for these patients, requested hospital discharge consult letters, and examined the positive predictive value (PPV) of diagnostic codes in identifying outpatient events precipitating hospitalization.ResultsWe identified 84 putative events, 38 (45%) of which occurred in patients cared for by GPs participating in the follow‐up scheme. Thirty of 38 questionnaires (79%) were completed. The PPV for the occurrence of any SD/VA was 93% (95% CI, 78–99%). However, the PPV for SD/VA occurrence in an outpatient setting precipitating a hospitalization was only 23% (95% CI, 10–42%). The majority of inpatient diagnostic codes reflected events occurring after hospital admission, not precipitating it.ConclusionsWhile computerized codes for SD/VA agreed well with physician diagnosis, they operated poorly to identify events occurring in an outpatient setting. Studies of SD/VA in the GPRD should verify events on a case‐by‐case basis. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Quantitative proteomic analysis to discover potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets in human renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Okamura Noboru , Masuda Taro , Gotoh Akinobu , Shirakawa Toshiro , Terao Shuji , Kaneko Naoki , Suganuma Kazuki , Watanabe Makoto , Matsubara Toshiya , Seto Ryota , Matsumoto Jun , Kawakami Megumi , Yamamori Motohiro , Nakamura Tsutomu , Yagami Tatsurou , Sakaeda Toshiyuki , Fujisawa Masato , Nishimura Osamu , Okumura Katsuhiko 
Published: July 2008

AbstractRenal cell carcinoma (RCC) is relatively resistant to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Recent advances in drug development are providing novel agents for the treatment of RCC, but the effects are still minimal. In addition, there is an urgent need to identify diagnostic markers for RCC. In this report, to discover potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets, we subjected RCC samples to a quantitative proteomic analysis utilizing 2‐nitrobenzenesulfenyl (NBS) reagent. Proteins were extracted from RCC and adjacent normal tissue, obtained surgically from patients, and labeled with NBS reagent containing six 12C or 13C. This was followed by trypsin digestion and the enrichment of labeled peptides. Samples were then subjected to analysis by MALDI‐TOF MS. NBS‐labeled peptides with a 6 Da difference were identified by MS/MS. Thirty‐four proteins were upregulated in more than 60% of the patients of which some were previously known, and some were novel. The identity of a few proteins was confirmed by Western blotting and quantitative real time RT‐PCR. The results suggest that NBS‐based quantitative proteomic analysis is useful for discovering diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for RCC.
Rerouting of pyruvate metabolism during acid adaptation in Lactobacillus bulgaricus
Authors: Fernandez Annabelle , Ogawa Jun , Penaud Stéphanie , Boudebbouze Samira , Ehrlich Dusko , van de Guchte Maarten , Maguin Emmanuelle 
Published: July 2008

AbstractLactic acid bacteria (LAB) gradually acidify their environment through the conversion of pyruvate to lactate, an essential process to regenerate NAD+ used during glycolysis. A clear demonstration of acidification can be found in yogurt, the product of milk fermentation by the LAB Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus (L. bulgaricus) and Streptococcus thermophilus, where the pH falls to 4.2. Acid adaptation therefore plays an important role in the physiology of LAB. Here we present the results of a proteomic approach to reveal cellular changes associated with acid adaptation in L. bulgaricus. These results were complemented with transcription data for selected genes to show three major effects: (i) induction of the chaperones GroES, GroEL, HrcA, GrpE, DnaK, DnaJ, ClpE, ClpP, and ClpL, and the repression of ClpC; (ii) induction of genes involved in the biosynthesis of fatty acids (fabH, accC, fabI); (iii) repression of genes involved in the mevalonate pathway of isoprenoid synthesis (mvaC, mvaS). Together with changes in the expression of other genes from the local metabolic network, these results for the first time show a coherent picture of changes in gene expression expected to result in a rerouting of pyruvate metabolism to favor fatty acid biosynthesis, and thereby affect membrane fluidity.
Comprehensive proteome analysis of Mycobacterium ulcerans and quantitative comparison of mycolactone biosynthesis
Authors: Tafelmeyer Petra , Laurent Christine , Lenormand Pascal , Rousselle Jean‐Claude , Marsollier Laurent , Reysset Gilles , Zhang Runxuan , Sickmann Albert , Stinear Timothy P. , Namane Abdelkader , Cole Stewart T. 
Published: July 2008

AbstractMycobacterium ulcerans is the causative agent of Buruli ulcer, a rapidly emerging human disease in which mycolactone, a cytotoxic and immunosuppressive macrocyclic polyketide, is responsible for massive skin destruction. The genome sequencing of M. ulcerans has recently been accomplished (http://genolist.pasteur.fr/BuruList/) enabling the first proteome study of this important human pathogen. Here, we present a comprehensive proteome analysis of different subcellular fractions and culture supernatant of in vitro grown M. ulcerans. By a combination of gel‐based and gel‐free techniques for protein and peptide separation with subsequent analysis by MS, we identified 1074 different proteins, corresponding to 25% of the protein‐coding DNA sequence. Interestingly, new information was obtained about central metabolism and lipid biosynthesis, and as many as 192 conserved hypothetical proteins were found. Comparative analysis of the wild‐type strain and an isogenic mycolactone‐deficient mutant, by 2‐DE and iTRAQ labeling of the cytoplasmic fraction, revealed differences in the expression profiles of proteins involved in lipid metabolism and information pathways, as well as stress responses.
A parallel affinity purification method for selective isolation of polyubiquitinated proteins
Authors: Ota Kazuhisa , Kito Keiji , Iemura Shun‐ichiro , Natsume Tohru , Ito Takashi 
Published: July 2008

AbstractWe developed a parallel affinity purification (PAP) procedure, in which ubiquitinated proteins are purified from the cells that coexpress two affinity‐tagged ubiquitins by sequential use of affinity chromatography specific to each tag. In contrast with previous procedures using a single affinity‐tagged ubiquitin, the PAP eliminates highly abundant ubiquitin monomers and monoubiquitinated proteins to selectively enrich proteins bearing both affinity‐tags, or poly‐ and multiubiquitinated proteins. Accordingly, it would serve as a powerful method to facilitate mass‐spectrometric identification of ubiquitinated proteins.
Competing reactions of hypercoordinate silicon dichelates
Authors: Kalikhman Inna , Gostevskii Boris , Kertsnus Evgenia , Deuerlein Stephan , Stalke Dietmar , Botoshansky Mark , Kost Daniel 
Published: July 2008

AbstractNeutral hexacoordinate silicon complexes derived from hydrazide chelating ligands with imino‐donor groups, and their pentacoordinate ionic dissociation products, undergo facile intramolecular aldol‐type condensation catalyzed by their chloride counterion leading to formation of a third chelate ring. In analogous silacyclobutane dichelates, in the absence of halide counterion, a similar uncatalyzed rearrangement takes place, accompanied by opening of the four‐membered ring. In the absence of α‐protons necessary for the condensation, the four‐membered ring residue adds directly to one of the imino‐carbon atoms forming a new CC bond and closing a different chelate ring. This latter addition to the imino carbon is the preferred reaction pathway, even in the presence of 12 α‐protons, when cyanide ion replaces the chloride counterion and acts as nucleophile. The cyanide reactivity is rationalized in terms of the HSAB concept. An unusual intramolecular rearrangement involving the migration of a t‐butyl group from silicon to carbon, while enabling the unprecedented attachment of a third hydrazide chelating agent, leading to a hexacoordinate trichelate complex, is presented. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Thermodynamics of competing oxidation reactions of allyl methyl disulfide by hydrogen peroxide: a first principle molecular computational study on the conformations of allyl methyl disulfide and its oxidized products
Authors: Andrada Matías F. , Martínez Juan C. Garro , Szori Milan , Zamarbide Graciela N. , Vert Francisco Tomás , Viskolcz Bela , Estrada Mario R. , Csizmadia Imre G. 
Published: July 2008

AbstractAllyl methyl disulfide, a peroxide scavenger, was studied together with three isomeric (two sulfoxides and one epoxide) forms of its mono‐oxidized products. After a full conformational study of the reactant and three isomeric oxidized forms, the geometries were optimized at B3LYP/6‐31G (d) level of theory. The epoxide form turned and to be more stable than either one of the two isomeric sulfoxides. Changes for Thermodynamic functions of oxidation reactions were calculated and from the δGreaction values the equilibrium constant for the interconversions of the oxidized products were estimated. Bader‐type AIM analyses were performed on the electron density, computed at the B3LYP/6‐311++G (d,p) level of theory. In several of the sulfoxide conformations CH···OS< secondary interactions were observed. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.