bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resource reservations with fuzzy requests
Authors: Röblitz T. , Schintke F. , Reinefeld A. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractWe present a scheme for reserving job resources with imprecise requests. Typical parameters such as the estimated runtime, the start time or the type or number of required CPUs need not be fixed at submission time but can be kept fuzzy in some aspects. Users may specify a list of preferences which guide the system in determining the best matching resources for the given job. Originally, the impetus for our work came from the need for efficient co‐reservation mechanisms in the Grid where rigid constraints on multiple job components often make it difficult to find a feasible solution. Our method for handling fuzzy reservation requests gives the users more freedom to specify the requirements and it gives the Grid Reservation Service more flexibility to find optimal solutions. In the future, we will extend our methods to process co‐reservations. We evaluated our algorithms with real workload traces from a large supercomputer site. The results indicate that our scheme greatly improves the flexibility of the solution process without having much affect on the overall workload of a site. From a user's perspective, only about 10% of the non‐reservation jobs have a longer response time, and from a site administrator's view, the makespan of the original workload is extended by only 8% in the worst case. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
How to bring together fault tolerance and data consistency to enable Grid data sharing
Authors: Antoniu G. , Deverge J.‐F. , Monnet S. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractThis paper addresses the challenge of transparent data sharing within computing Grids built as cluster federations. On such platforms, the availability of storage resources may change in a dynamic way, often due to hardware failures. We focus on the problem of handling the consistency of replicated data in the presence of failures. We propose a software architecture which decouples consistency management from fault tolerance management. We illustrate this architecture with a case study showing how to design a consistency protocol using fault‐tolerant building blocks. As a proof of concept, we describe a prototype implementation of this protocol within JUXMEM, a software experimental platform for Grid data sharing, and we report on a preliminary experimental evaluation of the proposed approach. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Complex dynamics in one‐dimensional CNNs
Authors: Petrás István , Gilli Marco 
Published: January 2006

AbstractThe effect of boundary conditions on the global dynamics of cellular neural networks (CNNs) is investigated. As a case study one‐dimensional template CNNs are considered. It is shown that if the off‐diagonal template elements have opposite sign, then the boundary conditions behave as bifurcation parameters and can give rise to a very rich and complex dynamic behaviour. In particular, they determine the equilibrium point patterns, the transition from stability to instability and the occurrence of several bifurcation phenomena leading to strange and/or chaotic attractors and to the coexistence of several attractors. Then the influence of the number of cells on the global dynamics is studied, with particular reference to the occurrence of hyperchaotic behaviour. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Immune response inspired spatial–temporal target detection algorithms with CNN‐UM
Authors: Cserey György , Falus András , Roska Tamás 
Published: January 2006

AbstractIn this paper we show that, similar to the nervous system and the genetic system, the immune system provides a prototype for a ‘computing mechanism.’ We are presenting an immune response inspired algorithmic framework for spatial–temporal target detection applications using CNN technology (IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. II1993;40(3):163–173;Foundations and Applications. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, 2002). Unlike most analogic CNN algorithms (IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst.1988;35(10):1257–1290;Foundations and Applications. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, 2002) here we will detect various targets by using a plethora of templates. These algorithms can be implemented successfully only by using a computer upon which thousands of elementary, fully parallel spatial–temporal actions can be implemented in real time. In our tests the results show a statistically complete success rate, and we are presenting a special example of recognizing dynamic objects. Results from tests in a 3D virtual world with different terrain textures are also reported to demonstrate that the system can detect unknown patterns and dynamical changes in image sequences. Applications of the system include in explorer systems for terrain surveillance. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analog‐VLSI, array‐processor‐based, Bayesian, multi‐scale optical flow estimation
Authors: Török L. , Zarándy Á. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractOptical flow (OF) estimation aims at derive a motion‐vector field that characterizes motions on a video sequence of images. In this paper, we propose a new multi‐scale (or scale‐space) algorithm that generates OF on cellular neural/non‐linear network universal machine, a general purpose analog‐VLSI hardware, at resolution of 128 × 128 with fair accuracy and working over a speed of 100 frames/s. The performance of the hardware implementation of the proposed algorithm is measured on a standard image sequence. As far as we are concerned, this is the first time when an OF estimator hardware is tested on a practical‐size standard image sequence. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Non‐linear coupled CNN models for multiscale image analysis
Authors: Corinto F. , Biey M. , Gilli M. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractA CNN model of partial differential equations (PDEs) for image multiscale analysis is proposed. The model is based on a polynomial representation of the diffusivity function and defines a paradigm of polynomial CNNs, for approximating a large class of non‐linear isotropic and/or anisotropic PDEs. The global dynamics of space‐discrete polynomial CNN models is analysed and compared with the dynamic behaviour of the corresponding space‐continuous PDE models. It is shown that in the isotropic case the two models are not topologically equivalent; in particular, discrete CNN models allow one to obtain the output image without stopping the image evolution after a given time (scale). This property represents an advantage with respect to continuous PDE models and could simplify some image preprocessing algorithms. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Automated detection of a preseizure state: non‐linear EEG analysis in epilepsy by Cellular Nonlinear Networks and Volterra systems
Authors: Tetzlaff Ronald , Niederhöfer Christian , Fischer Philipp 
Published: January 2006

AbstractIn this paper we present our work analysing electroencephalographic (EEG) signals for the detection of seizure precursors in epilepsy. Volterra systems and Cellular Nonlinear Networks are considered for a multidimensional signal analysis which is called the feature extraction problem throughout this contribution. Recent results obtained by applying a pattern detection algorithm and a non‐linear prediction of brain electrical activity will be discussed in detail. The aim of this interdisciplinary project is the realization of an implantable seizure warning and preventing system. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Climbing obstacle in bio‐robots via CNN and adaptive attitude control
Authors: Pavone M. , Arena P. , Fortuna L. , Frasca M. , Patané L. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractIn this paper, we introduce a novel control system architecture for hexapod robots. Our aim is to guarantee efficient horizontal walking and obstacle climbing via suitable postural adjustments. The control scheme takes its inspiration from recent neurobiological and kinematic observations of cockroaches walking on a treadmill and climbing over barriers. Based on a hierarchical and modular approach, the control architecture is divided into two levels. In the low level two parts working in parallel are present: rhythmic movements leading to gaits are performed by a cellular neural network (CNN) playing the role of an artificial central pattern generator (CPG), while a parallel PD attitude control system modulates (with adding terms) the CNN‐CPG signals to achieve postural adjustments. The higher level, in turn, adds plasticity to the whole system; it is based on motor maps and maps sensory information in suitable attitude references for the low level PD attitude control. Tests performed with a dynamic model of hexapod have shown that after a training period the high level is able to enhance walking and climbing capabilities. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Learning of spatiotemporal behaviour in cellular neural networks
Authors: Xavier‐de‐Souza Samuel , Suykens Johan A. K. , Vandewalle Joos 
Published: January 2006

AbstractIn this paper the problem of learning spatiotemporal behaviour with cellular neural networks is analysed and a novel method is proposed to approach the problem. The basis for this method is found in trajectory learning with recurrent neural networks. Despite of similarities, the two learning problems have underling differences which make non‐trivial a direct mapping into the problem at hand. In order to solve the problem, a new cost function is proposed, which also assimilates time instants as parameters to be optimized. As a consequence, it does not force the desired spatiotemporal behaviour to be learned in its original speed, and thus different speed versions of the desired behaviour are allowed to be learned; hence, also providing a promising direction for increasing the speed of existing applications. Learning examples are presented for different classes of spatiotemporal dynamics including spiral autowaves. Results of simulation and on‐chip learning show that the proposed approach is able to learn these dynamics with cellular neural networks. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An eight layer cellular neural network for spatio‐temporal image filtering
Authors: Shi Bertram E. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractSpatio‐temporal filters are critical components of biologically inspired or neuromorphic algorithms for image motion analysis. In this paper, we describe eight layer cellular neural network architectures that can be used to implement these filters. Despite the apparently large number of layers, we describe how these architectures can be implemented efficiently using weak inversion transistor circuits. Integrating both spatial and temporal filtering into a single network reduces hardware complexity in comparison with an architecture that cascades separate spatial and temporal filtering stages. In addition, by considering spatial and temporal filtering jointly, we can obtain filters with enhanced velocity selectivity, as well as more robust population responses to moving image input. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On the Existence of the Elusive Monomethyl Ester of Carbonic Acid [CH3OC(O)OH] at 300 K: 1H‐ and 13C NMR Measurements and DFT Calculations
Authors: Dibenedetto Angela , Aresta Michele , Giannoccaro Potenzo , Pastore Carlo , Pápai Imre , Schubert Gábor 
Published: January 2006

AbstractThe elusive monomethyl ester of carbonic acid [CH3OC(O)OH] has been prepared at 300 K by protonation of the sodium salt NaOC(O)OCH3 with anhydrous HCl or water and characterized by 1H‐ and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The stability of the acid and its reactivity towards hydroxo ions and methylating agents under ambient conditions are discussed. The energetics and the mechanism of the investigated reactions are examined on the basis of density functional calculations. For kinetic and thermodynamic reasons CH3OC(O)OH is unlikely to be formed by insertion of CO2 into the O–H bond of methanol. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
One‐Pot Synthesis and Structure of Organochalcogen Halides with Mixed Valence States
Authors: Schulz Lang Ernesto , Casagrande Gleison Antônio , Manzoni de Oliveira Gelson , Ledesma Gabriela Nanci , Lemos Sebastião S. , Castellano Eduardo Ernesto , Abram Ulrich 
Published: January 2006

AbstractTreatment of the diorganodichalcogenides PhEEPh (E = Se, Te) with one equivalent of elemental halogen (bromine or iodine) in methanol followed by addition of a sulfur donor and one more equivalent of the corresponding organochalcogen trihalide PhTeX3 affords the mixed‐oxidation‐state organochalcogen halides [PhEII(L)PhE′IVX4] (E = Se, Te; E′ = Te; X = Br, I; L = thiourea, tetramethylthiourea) in a one‐pot procedure. The X‐ray structural analyses of these compounds suggest a strong dependence of the formation of supramolecular assemblies on the nature of the halogen bonded to the tellurium atom. The halogen can induce intramolecular and intermolecular secondary interactions among the heavy atoms simultaneously and, in addition to Te···X and X···X secondary bonds, intramolecular interactions of the type Te···η6‐π‐aryl can be formed. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
A Cyclic Fc–Histidine Conjugate: Synthesis and Properties – Interactions with Alkali Metal Ions
Authors: Chowdhury Somenath , Schatte Gabriele , Kraatz Heinz‐Bernhard 
Published: January 2006

AbstractThe synthesis of the novel N,Nπ‐(ferrocenophane‐1,1′‐diyldicarbonyl)‐bridged histidine methyl ester 1 and of the acyclicbis(histidine methyl ester) derivative 3 are reported. The structure of 1 was studied in the solid state and in solution. The single‐crystal structure of 1 shows that both proximal ferrocenyl (Fc) carbonyl groups are syn with respect to each other, which is a new structural motif for Fc–amino acid conjugates. This new syn conformation allows effective binding to alkali metal cations. Binding is evaluated by cyclic voltammetry monitoring the halfwave potential of the Fc group. Cation binding causes a shift to lower potential (Na+ > Li+ > K+, Cs+). Upon binding, compound 1 shows selectivity towards Na+ ions. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
Spectroscopic Comparison of Dinuclear Ti+ and Ti2+ μ‐η1:η1 Dinitrogen Complexes with Cp*/Pentafulvene and Amine/Amide Ligation: Moderate versus Strong Activation of N2 (Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 2/2006)
Authors: Studt Felix , Lehnert Nicolai , Wiesler Beatrix E. , Scherer Axel , Beckhaus Rüdiger , Tuczek Felix 
Published: January 2006

AbstractThe cover picture shows that Raman spectroscopy can reveal drastically different N−N stretching frequencies in dinuclear, dinitrogen‐bridged titanium complexes. In the article by F. Tuczek et al. on p. 291 ff., the recently synthesized complex [{(η5‐C5Me5)Ti[η6‐C5H4C(p‐tolyl)2]}2(μ‐η1:η1‐N2)] (1; R. Beckhaus et al., Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 2005, 1003) is compared to the dinuclear (dinitrogen)titanium complex [{(Me3Si)2NTiCl(TMEDA)}2(μ‐η1:η1‐N2)] (3; R. Duchateau et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 8986). With respect to 3 [ν(NN) = 1284 cm−1], 1 exhibits an unusually high N−N stretching frequency [ν(NN) = 1749 cm−1]. These spectroscopic differences reflect different degrees of dinitrogen activation, which are explained by the fact that only one of the N2 π*‐orbitals is occupied in 1, whereas both π*‐orbitals are occupied in 3.
From an Acyclic, Polyunsaturated Precursor to the Polycyclic Taxane Ring System: The [4+2]/[2+2+2] and [2+2+2]/[4+2] Cyclization Strategies
Authors: Chouraqui Gaëlle , Petit Marc , Phansavath Phannarath , Aubert Corinne , Malacria Max 
Published: January 2006

AbstractA combination of a cobalt(I)‐mediated cyclotrimerization and a [4+2] reaction is described as a new entry into the ABC core of taxanes. The [4+2]/[2+2+2] and the [2+2+2]/[4+2] pathways both lead to the expected ABC core of the title compound. Mechanistic proposals are described to understand the formation of the side products during the [2+2+2] cycloaddition and to apply useful modifications of the highly substituted unsaturated precursors. Indeed, we demonstrate, for the first approach, that the substitution at the propargylic position has a dramatic influence on the cyclization. For the second sequence, we observe that the silicon group at the terminal position of the double bond can alter the chemoselectivity of the cycloaddition. In addition, the use of a temporary silicon tether in the [2+2+2] cycloaddition provides a rapid access to a highly elaborate molecule 38, which exhibits latent functionality for further synthetic transformations. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
A Convenient Synthesis of An Original, Bifunctional Chelator Based on an ON2S Ligand and its Coordination Chemistry with the Oxorhenium(V) Core
Authors: Le Gal Julien , Benoist Eric 
Published: January 2006

AbstractA semi‐rigid, tetradentate, bifunctional chelator (BFC) for the oxorhenium core has been synthesised in five steps with an overall yield of 46 %. An aromatic amine is available for conjugation to a peptide through an isothiocyanate function. This BFC is the first amine‐functionalised tetradentate ligand containing both amido and thiol functionalities. Monooxorhenium complexes were readily prepared from both the bifunctional chelator and a β‐alanine‐conjugated system. These complexes were obtained in good yield and were fully characterised. Moreover, they were found to be stable to ligand‐exchange reactions.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
Efficient Synthesis of a Variety of New Functionalized Oxacalixarenes by Ullmann Coupling Reactions
Authors: Yang Fei , Yan Liwei , Ma Kuoyan , Yang Li , Li Jihong , Chen Lijuan , You Jinsong 
Published: January 2006

AbstractWe have developed an efficient method to synthesize a new type of oxacalix[4]arenes containing nitrogen functional groups in a single step, through N,N‐dimethylglycine‐promoted Ullmann coupling reactions starting from aryl dibromides in yields of up to 37 %. With a aryl difluoride as substrate, a large, fully aromatic crown ether 8 could be obtained in 25 % yield. Further functionalization of the nitrogen functional groups in the cores of these oxacalixarenes may offer new opportunities for constructing desirable molecular architectures and a range of nitrogen‐based multidentate ligands. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
Synthesis of the Benzo[b]fluorene Core of the Kinamycins by Arylalkyne–Allene and Arylalkyne–Alkyne Cycloadditions
Authors: González‐Cantalapiedra Esther , de Frutos Óscar , Atienza Carmen , Mateo Cristina , Echavarren Antonio M. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractArylalkyne–allene and arylalkyne–alkyne cycloadditions yields benzo[a]fluorenones, which are related to the tetracyclic core of the kinamycins. In the arylalkyne–alkyne cycloadditions, we found a rearrangement that produces benzo[a]fluorenones, in addition to the expected benzo[b]fluorenones. This rearrangement could be suppressed in the presence of phenol, which allowed the synthesis of 4,9‐dimethoxy‐2‐methyl‐11H‐benzo[b]fluoren‐11‐one in excellent yield.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
Impact of voice on emotional judgment of faces: An event‐related fMRI study
Authors: Ethofer Thomas , Anders Silke , Erb Michael , Droll Christina , Royen Lydia , Saur Ralf , Reiterer Susanne , Grodd Wolfgang , Wildgruber Dirk 
Published: January 2006

AbstractEmotional information can be conveyed by various means of communication, such as propositional content, speech intonation, facial expression, and gestures. Prior studies have demonstrated that inputs from one modality can alter perception in another modality. To evaluate the impact of emotional intonation on ratings of emotional faces, a behavioral study first was carried out. Second, functional magnetic resonance (fMRI) was used to identify brain regions that mediate crossmodal effects of emotional prosody on judgments of facial expressions. In the behavioral study, subjects rated fearful and neutral facial expressions as being more fearful when accompanied by a fearful voice as compared to the same facial expressions without concomitant auditory stimulus, whereas no such influence on rating of faces was found for happy voices. In the fMRI experiment, this shift in rating of facial expressions in presence of a fearfully spoken sentence was correlated with the hemodynamic response in the left amygdala extending into the periamygdaloid cortex, which suggests that crossmodal effects on cognitive judgments of emotional information are mediated via these neuronal structures. Furthermore, significantly stronger activations were found in the mid‐portion of the right fusiform gyrus during judgment of facial expressions in presence of fearful as compared to happy intonations, indicating that enhanced processing of faces within this region can be induced by the presence of threat‐related information perceived via the auditory modality. Presumably, these increased extrastriate activations correspond to enhanced alertness, whereas responses within the left amygdala modulate cognitive evaluation of emotional facial expressions. Hum Brain Mapp, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Input source and strength influences overall firing phase of model hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells during theta: Relevance to REM sleep reactivation and memory consolidation
Authors: Booth Victoria , Poe Gina R. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractIn simulation studies using a realistic model CA1 pyramidal cell, we accounted for the shift in mean firing phase from theta cycle peaks to theta cycle troughs during rapid‐eye movement (REM) sleep reactivation of hippocampal CA1 place cells over several days of growing familiarization with an environment (Brain Res 855:176–180). Changes in the theta drive phase and amplitude between proximal and distal dendritic regions of the cell modulated the theta phase of firing when stimuli were presented at proximal and distal dendritic locations. Stimuli at proximal dendritic sites (proximal to 100 μm from the soma) invoked firing with a significant phase preference at the depolarizing theta peaks, while distal stimuli (>290 μm from the soma) invoked firing at hyperpolarizing theta troughs. The input location‐related phase preference depended on active dendritic conductances, a sufficient electrotonic separation between input sites and theta‐induced subthreshold membrane potential oscillations in the cell. The simulation results predict that the shift in mean theta phase during REM sleep cellular reactivation could occur through potentiation of distal dendritic (temporo‐ammonic) synapses and depotentiation of proximal dendritic (Schaffer collateral) synapses over the course of familiarization. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Neurogenesis in the adult hippocampus
Authors: Christie Brian R. , Cameron Heather A. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractThe dentate gyrus (DG) contains one of the few neuronal populations in the mammalian brain that are generated throughout life. Research into the regulation and function of adult neurogenesis continues its rapid growth in popularity. With the researcher new to the field in mind, we review the processes that together constitute adult neurogenesis and some of the methods most commonly used for studying these processes. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Functional maturation of adult‐generated granule cells
Authors: Overstreet‐Wadiche Linda S. , Westbrook Gary L. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractThe excitability and connectivity of adult‐generated granule cells dictate to what extent newborn neurons participate in the hippocampal network. These functional parameters evolve as newborn cells mature and interact with the existing circuit. The progression of granule cell maturation during neonatal development appears to be reiterated in the adult, but with some caveats. New approaches to identify and track newborn neurons are revealing the timing of this process, as well as its sensitivity to activity‐dependent regulation. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.