bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fatigue crack propagation in silver: experiments and molecular dynamics analysis
Authors: Xie Yinan , Hao Xiaoli , Huang Yuan , Wang Zumin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this study, single crystal and polycrystal models to investigate the fatigue crack propagation mechanism in pure silver through molecular dynamics (MD). At the same time, a combined validation method at micro and macro levels, including transmission electron microscope (TEM), electron back scatter diffraction (EBSD) and compact tension (CT) specimen fatigue testing, is developed to verify the reliability of simulation models and results. The simulation results show that the initial crack orientation is a key factor affecting crack propagation. When the crack propagates within the crystal, two main crack propagation mechanisms are observed: (1) nano-voids appear at the crack tip, and the crack propagates by continuously aggregating with the nano-voids ahead; (2) the formation of stair-rod dislocations and V-shape stacking faults due to dislocation reactions and slip band movements impedes crack propagation, accompanied by the dislocation reaction of Shockley partial dislocations ([112]) generating Hirth dislocations ([110]). The dislocation reaction is verified through the dislocation analysis of the crack tip area of the CT specimen after fatigue experiment by using TEM. In addition, the results of this study show that the angle between the direction of crack propagation and the grain boundary affects the fatigue crack propagation, e.g. when the angle is small, the crack rapidly propagates along the grain boundary. The orientation distribution function (ODF) results of EBSD can verify that the polycrystalline model containing 30 grains is a reliable model for the MD simulation of behavior of the crack tip of CT specimen. Finally, the Paris law constants of pure silver can be determined as m = 3.72 and log C=-10.77, which has reference value for the fatigue analysis and life prediction of silver components or silver welding pots in engineering.
Computational simulation and multivariate analysis of microclimatic variables in a tropical city: industrial x residential
Authors: Arruda Angela Maria , Lopes António , Masiero Érico 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The effects of Urban Heat Island (UHI) have intensified with greater urbanization and industrialization of the natural environment. The objective of this work is to identify the formation of UHI in an industrial district based on the analysis of possible correlations between the variables that influence the urban microclimate. In this context, it was proposed to collect data in situ for 15 days on temperature and relative humidity in an industrial district (DI) and a central residential area (R) in Uberlândia/MG. To estimate the UHI intensity, data from the meteorological station located at the airport were used, whose maximum peak occurred at 9 pm, reaching 1.5ºC for R and 5ºC for DI. It was found that in the R area, the variables wind speed (WS) and Sky View Factor (SVF) (0.505), relative humidity (RH) and turbulent kinetic energy rate (TKE) (0.603) are strongly positively correlated, air temperature (Tar) and relative humidity (RH) established a strong negative correlation (-0.981); in the industrial section (DI), the variables with strong correlation were LST and Tar (0.603), SVF and WS (0.704), WS and Wind direction (WD) (0.643), WD and SVF (0.694) and again RH and TKE (0.705), demonstrating the importance of wind for this location, especially when it is favored by the orientation of the main streets. Given the intensity of UHI recorded and the most impactful variables detected for the DI, urban planning with a focus on better distribution and layout of streets and avenues and greater afforestation of the space and judicious application of surface materials could contribute to cooling the área.
Sine Cosine-based Optimization Method for Reactive Power Planning with Multitype FACTS Devices
Authors: Bhattacharyya Biplab , Basak Sourav , Rajbhar Suraj Kumar 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The present work proposes the sine cosine-based algorithm (SCA) for the optimal coordination of multitype FACTS devices with all the existing VAr sources of a connected power network. IEEE 57 bus system was chosen as standard test system for this purpose. The objective of the present work was to investigate the efficacy of the proposed algorithm for the optimal usage of the VAr sources already present in the test network as well optimal installations of the different types of FACTS devices. Unified power flow controllers (UPFC), thyristor-controlled series compensators (TCSC), and static var compensators (SVC) were the FACTS devices installed, also sizing of the existing VAr sources i.e Q generations from generators, Shunt capacitor’s VAr output, OLTC tap setting arrangements were determined. Hence the present work may be considered as a reactive power planning problem, where the main purpose was to reduce the system loss as minimum as possible by suitable coordination of all the internal and external VAr sources. Particle swarm optimization (PSO), crow search algorithm (CSA) and pigeon-inspired optimization were the other three optimization techniques also applied along with the sine cosine-based algorithm (SCA). It has been observed that SCA yielded the most suitable result.
The influence of basis sets and ansatze building to quantum computing in chemistry
Authors: Porto Caio Moraes , Nome Rene Alfonso , Morgon Nelson Henrique 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Quantum computing is an exciting area, which has grown at an astonishing rate in the last decade. It is specially promising for the computational and theoretical chemistry area. One algorithm has received a lot of attention lately, the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE). Is is used to solve electronic structure problems and it is suitable to the noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) hardware. VQE calculations require ansatze and one of the most known is the unitary coupled-cluster (UCC). It uses the chosen basis set to generate a circuit which will be iteratively minimized. The present work investigates the circuit depth as a function of basis sets and molecular size. It has been shown that for the current quantum devices, only the smallest molecules and basis sets are tractable. The H2 molecule with the cc-pVTZ and aug-cc-pVTZ basis sets have circuit depths in the order of 106 to 107 gates and the C2H6 molecule with 3-21G basis set has a circuit depth of 2.2 ×108 gates. At the same time the analysis demonstrate that the H2 molecule with STO-3G basis set, requires at least 500 shots to reduce the error and that, although error mitigation schemes can diminish the error, they were not able to completely negate it.
Disease Note
First report of poor growth and root rot caused by Phytopythium helicoides on shiso grown in deep flow technique hydroponic system
Authors: Miyake Noriyuki , Matsusaki Masashi , Yasuda Hiroko , Kubota Yoshimasa , Otake Takamasa , Hieno Ayaka , KAGEYAMA Koji 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In 2023, shiso plant growth in a Deep Flow Technique (DFT) hydroponic system was delayed from mid-March to late April with roots showing evidence of rotting. An oomycete species was isolated from the roots and identified as Phytopythium helicoides based on morphological characteristics and DNA sequence homology. Identical symptoms appeared in shiso plants after inoculating seedlings with zoospores from the isolates. The same oomycete species were subsequently reisolated from diseased shiso plants. This study is the first report in Japan of poor growth and root rot in shiso grown in a DFT hydroponic system caused by P. helicoides.
TriDeepRec: A Hybrid Deep Learning Approach to Content and Behaviour-based Recommendation Systems
Authors: Ghadami Amirhossein , Tran Thomas 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Hybrid recommendation systems are increasingly crucial for businesses aiming to boost revenue and customer engagement. These systems integrate various algorithms, each with unique strengths, to outperform traditional recommendation methods. Our study introduces a novel hybrid recommendation system, TriDeepRec, which effectively combines content-based and behaviour-based data to enhance recommendation accuracy. We first introduce a Convolutional Autoencoder-based Recommendation System (CAERS), designed to process content data and extract complex, meaningful patterns, translating these into predictive ratings. Notably, CAERS tackles the cold-start problem by leveraging content information alone, making it robust in scenarios where historical user interaction data is sparse or unavailable. Next, we incorporate Neural Collaborative Filtering (NCF), a deep learning approach, to analyze past user behaviour and predict ratings. The outputs from CAERS and NCF are then integrated using a Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), a type of neural network, to generate the final recommendations. Our methodology employs three deep learning techniques to create TriDeepRec, a system capable of utilizing both past interactions and content attributes. We evaluate our system using two datasets, initially focusing on CAERS to demonstrate its effectiveness in addressing the cold-start problem. Subsequently, we assess the performance of TriDeepRec as a whole. The results, measured in terms of Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), indicate significant improvements over both the individual components and other leading models in the field. This demonstrates that TriDeepRec, by 1 harnessing the strengths of both content and behaviour data, provides a more accurate and reliable recommendation system.
High-k Material in InGaN/GaN LED for Solid State Lightening Applications
Authors: Saranya G , M Sivamangai N , R Babuji , Kalaivani C T , Suganthi S , J Ajayan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The p-GaN layer adjacent to the quantum well is proposed for InGaN/GaN Light Emitting Diode (LED), it enhances the output optical power and internal quantum efficiency. The physical simulator Technology Computer-Aided Design (TCAD) is used to analyze the performance of the proposed LED. In the simulation, physics-based models are used to obtain optical properties such as luminous power and recombination rate. The suggested InGaN/GaN LED outperformed conventional LEDs in terms of internal quantum efficiency and luminous power. At the injection current of 700 mA, the output luminous power and internal quantum efficiency in the proposed LED are improved by 24% and 18%, respectively. Furthermore, the suggested InGaN/GaN LED has a smaller Auger recombination than conventional LEDs. Thus, the proposed p-GaN layer technique in GaN LED is a promising one for future solid-state lighting applications due to its high internal quantum efficiency of 90% at 100 mA injection current.
Seismic analysis of a multi storied steel building with different types of damper and base isolation
Authors: Patil Aishwarya Y. Patil Yogesh , Patil R. D. Patil 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This manuscript research presents the design of steel building and analysis of different damper and base isolation systems at various seismic zone for a multi-storied steel framed building (MSSB). Steel buildings are easy to build and gives more strength, also after demolish there are scrap value so ties more economical. Base isolation provides structural safety and also safety and security for people and properties in the building. Base isolation is also used for the retrofit of the historic buildings. In the present manuscript work done on, Seismic analysis of G+10 multi storied steel building with and without dampers (viscous damper and friction damper) and base isolation system (friction isolation and lead plug bearing). In this types of seismic provision which one is more suitable according to seismic zone for stabilization of steel building analyzed. In this work used seismic zone II, zone III, zone IV and zone V by using ETABs software analysis carried out. Found the optimum damper and base isolation combination effect in the steel building and analysis result of responses (viz. storey drift, storey displacement, base shear).
Aortic arch de-branching for suspected expanding perigraft haematoma after previous acute type-A dissection repair with AMDS stent: A technique for a potential future problem
Authors: Karsan Rickesh Bharat , Shearer Niamh , Doyle Ciara , Roberts Rachel , Ahmed Alsir 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background Acute Stanford-A aortic dissections make up a large part of emergency cardiac surgery. They carry a significant burden of morbidity. New techniques to aid aortic remodelling include the Ascyrus Medical Dissection Stent (AMDS): Its increasing use, looks to present a potential problem in cases where surgery involving the aortic arch may be required.Case Report: We present the case of a 49-year-old male who underwent urgent redo-surgery for total arch replacement and de-branching following recent replacement of ascending aorta for acute type-A dissection where an AMDS stent was deployed. The patient underwent total arch replacement with a stented tri-furcate prosthesis and de-branching of arch vessels with the stent landed inside the previous AMDS, to good effect.Conclusion This case highlights a possible approach to aortic arch surgery in patients who have previous had AMDS insertion.
Metabolic signatures derived from WB-MRS identify early tumor progression in high-grade gliomas using machine learning
Authors: Rivera Cameron , Bhatia Shovan , Morell Alexis , Daggubati Lekhaj , Merenzon Martin , Sheriff Sulaiman , Luther Evan , Chandar Jay , Levy Adam , Metzler Ashley , Berke Chandler , Goryawala Mohammed , Mellon Eric , Bhatia Rita , Nagornaya Natalya , Saigal Gaurav , Fuente Macarena De La , Komotar Ricardo , Ivan Michael , Shah Ashish 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Recurrence for high-grade gliomas is inevitable despite maximal safe resection and adjuvant chemoradiation, and current imaging techniques fall short in predicting future progression. However, we introduce a novel whole-brain magnetic resonance spectroscopy (WB-MRS) protocol that delves into the intricacies of tumor microenvironments, offering a comprehensive understanding of glioma progression to inform expectant surgical and adjuvant intervention.
Methods
We investigated five locoregional tumor metabolites in a post-treatment population and applied machine learning (ML) techniques to analyze key relationships within seven regions of interest. Five supervised ML classification models and a neural network were developed, optimized, trained, tested, and validated. Lastly, a web application was developed to host our novel calculator, the Miami Glioma Prediction Map (MGPM), for open-source interaction.
Results
16 patients with histopathological confirmation of high-grade glioma prior to WB-MRS were included in this study, totalling 118,922 whole-brain voxels. ML models successfully differentiated normal-appearing white matter from tumor and future progression. Notably, the highest performing ML model predicted glioma progression within fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) signal in the post-treatment setting (mean AUC = 0.86), with Cho/Cr as the most important feature.
Conclusions
This study marks a significant milestone as the first of its kind to unveil radiographic occult glioma progression in post-treatment gliomas within 8 months of discovery. These findings underscore the utility of ML-based WB-MRS growth predictions, presenting a promising avenue for the guidance of early treatment decision-making. This research represents a crucial advancement in predicting the timing and location of glioblastoma recurrence, which can inform treatment decisions to improve patient outcomes.
Complex network analysis reveals key countries in the South America production structure
Authors: Contreras Martha Gabriela Alatriste , Lugo Igor 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

We use input-output tables published by CEPAL for 10 South American countries to construct production networks for each economy and the region. We then apply complex network analysis to characterize the structure of the economies and the relation between national production networks and the regional economy. Main results give evidence that the most relevant countries for the regional structure are Brazil, Argentina, and Chile. These countries have different structural properties, but contribute greatly to the structure of the regional economy. The most important sectors of the region are agricultural activities and manufacturing of simple low-transformation products such as food. Finally, results give evidence of competition of countries in the same markets rather than cooperation.
Distinguishing Acute Leukemia Subtypes: The Role of hsa_circ_0012152 and hsa_circ_0020093 in Peripheral Blood
Authors: Ying Qiming , Lv Dingfeng , Chen Ying , Mu Qitian 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Acute leukemia (AL), a rapidly advancing hematological malignancy, originates from the bone marrow and is hallmarked by an excess production of abnormal white blood cells. It is primarily subclassified into acute myelocytic leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are non-coding RNA molecules associated with various diseases. However, their role in AL remains incompletely understood. Obtaining bone marrow samples can be challenging due to various reasons, including dilution or inaccessibility. Therefore, our study focused on identifying novel diagnostic biomarkers for AL subgroups in peripheral blood. To validate the distinct circRNA expression patterns distinguishing AML from ALL in peripheral blood, we employed reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The diagnostic accuracy of hsa_circ_0020093 and hsa_circ_0012152 was then assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, and hsa_circ_0020093 was selected for further exploration using Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis. Our findings revealed that the expression patterns of hsa_circ_0020093 and hsa_circ_0012152 clearly differentiate ALL from AML in peripheral blood. The potential target genes of hsa_circ_0020093 are associated with critical biological processes such as formation of cell and basal junctions, protein serine kinase activity, and cadherin binding. Furthermore, these genes are involved in signaling pathways including MAPK and mTOR. We hypothesize that hsa_circ_0020093 plays a pivotal role in the initiation and progression of ALL by regulating downstream target genes via hsa-miR-153-3p or hsa-miR-194-5p. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that hsa_circ_0020093 and hsa_circ_0012152 hold significant promise as diagnostic biomarkers for subclassifying AL into ALL or AML in peripheral blood. This discovery represents a significant step forward in the field and paves the way for future research exploring the role of circRNAs in AL pathogenesis and treatment.
Broadscale spatial synchrony in a West Nile virus mosquito vector across multiple timescales
Authors: Campbell Lindsay , Bauer Amely , Tavares Yasmin , Guralnick Robert , Reuman Daniel 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Insects often exhibit irruptive population dynamics determined by environmental conditions. Here, we examine if populations of the Culex tarsalis mosquito, an important vector for West Nile virus (WNV), fluctuate synchronously over broad spatial extents and multiple timescales. We also examine whether climate drives synchrony in Cx. tarsalis, especially at annual time scales, due to the synchronous influence of temperature, precipitation, and/or humidity. We leveraged mosquito collections from National Earth Observatory Network (NEON) sites in the USA over a 45-month period, and associated gridMET climate data. We utilized wavelet phasor mean fields and wavelet linear models to quantify spatial synchrony for mosquitoes and climate and to calculate the importance of climate in explaining Cx. tarsalis synchrony. We also tested whether the strength of spatial synchrony may vary directionally across years. We found significant annual synchrony in Cx. tarsalis, and short-term synchrony during a single time period in 2018. Mean minimum temperature was a marginally significant predictor of annual Cx. tarsalis synchrony, and we found a marginally significant decrease in annual Cx. tarsalis synchrony. Significant Cx. tarsalis synchrony during 2018 coincided with an anomalous increase in precipitation. This work provides a valuable step toward understanding broad scale synchrony in a WNV vector.
Gender Differences in Mental Health among Returned Cambodian Migrant Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Samphoas Chien , Chan Chang-Chuan , Liu Kai-Lih , Huyleng Khov 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The unexpected deportation of many Cambodian migrant workers to their home regions was precipitated by the COVID-19 outbreak's public health concern. A significant number of Cambodians working abroad or in Cambodian cities return to their home provinces, experience stress and despondency and lose faith. However, little is known about these migrant worker’s living and working conditions, health-related quality of life and occupational mental health. This study identifies factors that influence the mental health of Cambodian migrant workers from various countries. Cross-sectional research was to interview 388 returned Cambodian migrant workers in four provinces. This study using mixed quantitative and qualitative research methods in September 2022. The Patient Health Questionnaire 4 (PHQ-4) was applied to assess depression and anxiety among returned Cambodian migrant workers. Most of the participants were female, and the prevalence of depression has increased for both genders. The logistic regression model was used to examine the associations of the several risk factors and mental health. The confounding effect of socio-economic status (gender, age, income, level of education, marital status, and place of residence) was shown to be associated with the mental health. The probability of mental disease factors (nervousness/ anxious or on the edge, not being able to stop or control worrying, little interest or pleasure in doing thing, and feeling down, depression or hopeless) increased with gender and level of education whereas the probability of inability to control and lack of interest increased with income, regardless of gender. The study concludes that returned migrant workers in Cambodia had high rates of occupational stress.