bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High-z gamma-ray burst detection by SVOM/ECLAIRs: Impact of instrumental biases on the bursts’ measured properties
Authors: Llamas Lanza M. , Godet O. , Arcier B. , Yassine M. , Atteia J.-L. , Bouchet L. 
Published: March 2024

Context. Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) can be detected at cosmological distances, and therefore can be used to study the contents and phases of the early Universe. The 4−150 keV wide-field trigger camera ECLAIRs on board the Space-based multi-band Variable Object Monitor (SVOM) mission, dedicated to studying the high-energy transient sky in synergy with multi-messenger follow-up instruments, has been adapted to detect high-z GRBs.
Aims. Investigating the detection capabilities of ECLAIRs for high-redshift GRBs and estimating the impacts of instrumental biases in reconstructing some of the source measured properties, focusing on GRB duration biases as a function of redshift.
Methods. We simulated realistic detection scenarios for a sample of 162 already observed GRBs with known redshift values as they would have been seen by ECLAIRs. We simulated them at redshift values equal to and higher than their measured value. Then we assessed whether they would be detected with a trigger algorithm resembling that on board ECLAIRs, and derived quantities, such as T90, for those that would have been detected.
Results. We find that ECLAIRs would be capable of detecting GRBs up to very high redshift values (e.g. 20 GRBs in our sample are detectable within more than 0.4 of the ECLAIRs field of view for zsim > 12). The ECLAIRs low-energy threshold of 4 keV, contributes to this great detection capability, as it may enhance it at high redshift (z > 10) by over 10% compared with a 15 keV low-energy threshold. We also show that the detection of GRBs at high-z values may imprint tip-of-the-iceberg biases on the GRB duration measurements, which can affect the reconstruction of other source properties.
Total and dark mass from observations of galaxy centers with machine learning
Authors: Wu Sirui , Napolitano Nicola R. , Tortora Crescenzo , von Marttens Rodrigo , Casarini Luciano , Li Rui , Lin Weipeng 
Published: March 2024

Context.The galaxy total mass inside the effective radius is a proxy of the galaxy dark matter content and the star formation efficiency. As such, it encodes important information on the dark matter and baryonic physics.Aims.Total central masses can be inferred via galaxy dynamics or gravitational lensing, but these methods have limitations. We propose a novel approach based on machine learning to make predictions on total and dark matter content using simple observables from imaging and spectroscopic surveys.Methods.We used catalogs of multiband photometry, sizes, stellar mass, kinematic measurements (features), and dark matter (targets) of simulated galaxies from the Illustris-TNG100 hydrodynamical simulation to train a Mass Estimate machine Learning Algorithm (MELA) based on random forests.Results.We separated the simulated sample into passive early-type galaxies (ETGs), both normal and dwarf, and active late-type galaxies (LTGs) and showed that the mass estimator can accurately predict the galaxy dark masses inside the effective radius in all samples. We finally tested the mass estimator against the central mass estimates of a series of low-redshift (z ≲ 0.1) datasets, including SPIDER, MaNGA/DynPop, and SAMI dwarf galaxies, derived with standard dynamical methods based on the Jeans equations. We find that MELApredictions are fully consistent with the total dynamical mass of the real samples of ETGs, LTGs, and dwarf galaxies.Conclusions.MELAlearns from hydro-simulations how to predict the dark and total mass content of galaxies, provided that the real galaxy samples overlap with the training sample or show similar scaling relations in the feature and target parameter space. In this case, dynamical masses are reproduced within 0.30 dex (∼2σ), with a limited fraction of outliers and almost no bias. This is independent of the sophistication of the kinematical data collected (fiber vs. 3D spectroscopy) and the dynamical analysis adopted (radial vs. axisymmetric Jeans equations, virial theorem). This makes MELAa powerful alternative to predict the mass of galaxies of massive stage IV survey datasets using basic data, such as aperture photometry, stellar masses, fiber spectroscopy, and sizes. We finally discuss how to generalize these results to account for the variance of cosmological parameters and baryon physics using a more extensive variety of simulations and the further option of reverse engineering this approach and using model-free dark matter measurements (e.g., via strong lensing), plus visual observables, to predict the cosmology and the galaxy formation model.
Rotation curves in protoplanetary disks with thermal stratification
Authors: Martire P. , Longarini C. , Lodato G. , Rosotti G. P. , Winter A. , Facchini S. , Hardiman C. , Benisty M. , Stadler J. , Izquierdo A. F. , Testi Leonardo 
Published: March 2024

Context. In recent years, the gas kinematics probed by molecular lines detected with ALMA has opened a new window into the of study protoplanetary disks. High spatial and spectral resolution observations have revealed the complexity of protoplanetary disk structure. Drawing accurate interpretations of these data allows us to better comprehend planet formation.
Aims. We investigate the impact of thermal stratification on the azimuthal velocity of protoplanetary disks. High-resolution gas observations reveal velocity differences between CO isotopologues, which cannot be adequately explained with vertically isothermal models. The aim of this work is to determine whether a stratified model can explain this discrepancy.
Methods. We analytically solved the hydrostatic equilibrium for a stratified disk and we derived the azimuthal velocity. We tested the model with SPH numerical simulations and then we used it to fit for the star mass, disk mass, and scale radius of the sources in the MAPS sample. In particular, we used 12CO and 13CO datacubes.
Results. When thermal stratification is taken into account, it is possible to reconcile most of the inconsistencies between rotation curves of different isotopologues. A more accurate description of the CO rotation curves offers a deeper understanding of the disk structure. The best-fit values of star mass, disk mass, and scale radius become more realistic and more in line with previous studies. In particular, the quality of the scale radius estimate significantly increases when adopting a stratified model. In light of our results, we computed the gas-to-dust ratio and the Toomre Q parameter. Within our hypothesis, for all the sources, the gas-to-dust ratio appears higher but still close to the standard value of 100 (within a factor of 2). The Toomre Q parameter suggests that the disks are gravitationally stable (Q > 1). However, the systems that show spirals presence are closer to the conditions of gravitational instability (Q ~ 5).
Transport of the magnetic flux away from a decaying sunspot via convective motions
Authors: Zheng Chenxi , Roudier Thierry , Schmieder Brigitte , Ruan Guiping , Malherbe Jean-Marie , Liu Yang , Chen Yao , Cao Wenda 
Published: March 2024

Context. The interaction between magnetic fields and convection in sunspots during their decay process remains poorly understood, whereas the formation of sunspots is relatively well studied and fully modeled. Works on the velocity scales at the solar surface have pointed to the existence of the family of granules, whose interaction with the magnetic field leads to the formation of supergranules and their networks, which are visible at the solar surface.
Aims. The aim of this paper is to consider relationship between the decay of sunspots and convection via the motion of the family of granules and how the diffusion mechanism of magnetic field operates in a decaying sunspot.
Methods. We report the decay of a sunspot observed by the 1.6 m Goode Solar Telescope (GST) with the TiO Broadband Filter Imager (BFI) and the Near-InfraRed Imaging Spectropolarimeter (NIRIS). The analysis was aided by the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) on board the Solar Dynamic Observatory (SDO). In the first step, we followed the decay of the sunspot with HMI data over three days by constructing its evolving area and total magnetic flux. In the second step, the high spatial and temporal resolution of the GST instruments allowed us to analyze the causes of the decay of the sunspot. Afterward, we followed the emergence of granules in the moat region around the sunspot over six hours. The evolution of the trees of fragmenting granules (TFGs) was derived based on their relationship with the horizontal surface flows.
Results. We find that the area and total magnetic flux display an exponential decrease over the course of the sunspot decay. We identified 22 moving magnetic features (MMFs) in the moats of pores, which is a signature of sunspot decay through diffusion. We note that the MMFs were constrained to follow the borders of TFGs during their journey away from the sunspot.
Conclusions. The TFGs and their development contribute to the diffusion of the magnetic field outside the sunspot. The conclusion of our analysis shows the important role of the TFGs in sunspot decay. Finally, the family of granules evacuates the magnetic field.
Search for giant planets in M 67 V: A warm Jupiter orbiting the turn-off star S1429
Authors: Thomas Luis , Saglia Roberto , Pasquini Luca , Brucalassi Anna , Bonifacio Piercarlo , de Medeiros José Renan , de Castro Leão Izan , Canto Martins Bruno Leonardo , Lukas Ruh Henrik , Bedin Luigi Rolly , Libralato Mattia , Biazzo Katia 
Published: March 2024

Context. Planets orbiting members of open or globular clusters offer a great opportunity to study exoplanet populations systematically, as stars within clusters provide a mostly homogeneous sample, at least in chemical composition and stellar age. However, even though there have been coordinated efforts to search for exoplanets in stellar clusters, only a small number of planets have been detected. One successful example is the seven-year radial velocity (RV) survey ‘Search for giant planets in M 67’ of 88 stars in the open cluster M 67, which led to the discovery of five giant planets, including three close-in (P < 10 days) hot-Jupiters.
Aims. In this work, we continue and extend the observation of stars in M 67, with the aim being to search for additional planets.
Methods. We conducted spectroscopic observations with the Habitable Planet Finder (HPF), HARPS, HARPS-North, and SOPHIE spectrographs of 11 stars in M 67. Six of our targets showed a variation or long-term trends in their RV during the original survey, while the other five were not observed in the original sample, bringing the total number of stars to 93.
Results. An analysis of the RVs reveals one additional planet around the turn-off point star S1429 and provides solutions for the orbits of stellar companions around S2207 and YBP2018. S1429 b is a warm-Jupiter on a likely circular orbit with a period of $\[\77.48_{-0.19}^{+0.18}\]$ days and a minimum mass of M sin i = 1.80 ± 0.2 MJ. We update the hot-Jupiter occurrence rate in M 67 to include the five new stars, deriving $\[\4.2_{-2.3}^{+4.1} \%\]$ when considering all stars, and $\[\5.4_{-3.0}^{+5.1} \%\]$ if binary star systems are removed.
Deteriorating Semen Quality: The Role of the Environment
Authors: Virtanen Helena E. , Rodprasert Wiwat , Toppari Jorma 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSince the end of the last century, several reports have suggested that semen quality is declining, especially in Western countries. Furthermore, cross-sectional studies using similar protocols have suggested regional differences in semen quality of young and fertile men. Reasons for these regional differences and local adverse trends in semen quality are unknown, but environmental factors are suspected to have a role. Besides adulthood environmental exposures, those occurring during testicular development may also affect semen quality. Longitudinal follow-up studies and mixture risk analyses are needed to study the effect of fetal, childhood, and adult life environment on semen quality.
Photofragmentation of cyclobutanone at 200 nm: TDDFT vs CASSCF electron diffraction
Authors: Martín Santa Daría Alberto , Hernández-Rodríguez Javier , Ibele Lea M. , Gómez Sandra 
Published: March 2024

To simulate a 200 nm photoexcitation in cyclobutanone to the n-3s Rydberg state, classical trajectories were excited from a Wigner distribution to the singlet state manifold based on excitation energies and oscillator strengths. Twelve singlet and 12 triplet states are treated using TD-B3LYP-D3/6-31+G** for the electronic structure, and the nuclei are propagated with the Tully surface hopping method. Using time-dependent density functional theory, we are able to predict the bond cleavage that takes place on the S1 surface as well as the ultrafast deactivation from the Rydberg n-3s state to the nπ*. After showing that triplet states and higher-lying singlet states do not play any crucial role during the early dynamics (i.e., the first 300 fs), the SA(6)-CASSCF(8,11)/aug-cc-pVDZ method is used as an electronic structure and the outcome of the non-adiabatic dynamic simulations is recomputed. Gas-phase ultrafast electron diffraction spectra are computed for both electronic structure methods, showing significantly different results.
Unraveling the rapid ion migration in perovskite solar cells by circuit-switched transient photoelectric technique
Authors: Wu Ziyou , Yuan Shuai , Miao Shaoshuai , Li Yiyi , Zhang Wenqi , Cao Dandan , Nie Junyu , Wang Yi , Ai Xi-Cheng , Zhang Jian-Ping 
Published: March 2024

Ion migration activated by illumination is a critical factor responsible for the performance decline and stability degradation of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). While ion migration has been widely believed to be much slower than charge transport, recent research suggests that, despite the lack of understanding of the mechanism, it may also be involved in a series of rapid photoelectric responses of PSCs. Here, we report an improved circuit-switched transient photoelectric technique with nanosecond temporal resolution, which enables quantitative characterization of ion migration dynamics in PSCs across a fairly broad time window. Specifically, ion migration occurring within microseconds after illumination (corresponding to a diffusion length of ∼10−7 cm) is unambiguously identified. In conjunction with the composition engineering protocol, we justify that it arises from the short-range migration of halide anions and organic cations around the contact/perovskite interface. The rapid ion migration kinetics revealed in this work strongly complement the well-established ion migration model, which offers new insights into the mechanism of ion-carrier interaction in PSC devices.
Ethyl-Iophenoxic acid as a serum marker for oral baiting of Tasmanian devils
Authors: Pye Ruth , Nichols David , Nofs Sally A. , Gilbert Amy T. , Flies Andrew S. 
Published: March 2024

Oral baits containing vaccines, medicants or toxicants have been delivered to a broad range of wildlife species to protect against or treat disease, or suppress populations. Ethyl-Iophenoxic acid (Et-IPA) is used as a biomarker to determine oral bait consumption by wildlife species to assess and refine baiting strategies. Et-IPA is a persistent biomarker in many eutherian mammal species but not in the two marsupial species, swamp wallaby (Wallabia bicolor) and brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula), tested to date. Et-IPA has not previously been evaluated in carnivorous marsupials. The Tasmanian devil (Sarcophilus harrisii), the largest extant carnivorous marsupial, is threatened by devil facial tumour disease (DFTD). Development of an oral DFTD vaccine bait is underway. In this study, eight devils were fed between 1 mg and 50 mg Et-IPA via oral baits to assess the effectiveness of Et-IPA as a serum biomarker for this species. Using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry, serum Et-IPA was detected in the devils up to 206 days after ingestion. This study demonstrates the utility of Et-IPA for estimating oral bait consumption by devils, the first carnivorous marsupial species to which this applies.
Comparison of liquid density measurements among SIM NMIs - SIM.M.D-S7
Authors: Santiago Luis Omar Becerra , Preste Sheila , Peña Perez Luis Manuel 
Published: March 2024

Main text
The aim of this comparison was to compare measurement results on liquid density at 20°C and at atmospheric pressure among National Metrology Institutes (NMIs) belonging to the Inter-American Metrology System (SIM, by its acronym in Spanish).
To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Final report on EURAMET key comparison EURAMET.M.D-K2.2 (1523)
Authors: Prochaska L , Rauch J , Furtado A , Benga F , Bartos P , Bebic J , Lenard E , Alisic S , Alic A , Neuvonen P T , Sariyerli G S , Akcadag Ü Y , Ciubara A , Bescupschii A 
Published: March 2024

Main text
The key comparison EURAMET.M.D-K2.2 (1523)on the density of liquids determined by oscillation type density meters was organized and carried out within the framework of the EMPIR project 17RPT02 "rhoLiq". Density measurements of liquids are mainly performed by laboratories calibrating or checking liquid density measuring instruments such as oscillation-type density meters. Another aim of this comparison was to establish traceability for liquid density measurements at emerging National Metrology Institutes (NMIs) to enable them to provide high-level measurement and calibration services for national stakeholders, e.g. food, chemical, pharmaceutical and petroleum industries. The results of this comparison can be used to claim calibration and measurement capabilities (CMCs).
Most European emerging NMIs in this project had not yet participated in comparisons or obtained unsatisfactory results, or the uncertainty had an unfit magnitude for purpose.
BEV (Austria) piloted this comparison, supported by PTB (Germany).
Samples of deuterated water, tetrachloroethylene and oil of high viscosity were measured in the temperature range from 5 °C to 20 °C at atmospheric pressure by hydrostatic weighing for this comparison.
The coronavirus pandemic caused delays in the proposed initial schedule of this key comparison. Measurements were performed in 2021. The reference values of the key comparison were linked to CCM.D-K2 for PTB and EURAMET.M.D-K2 for BEV.
To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Benchmark calculations for anisotropic scattering in kinetic models for low temperature plasma
Authors: Flynn M , Vialetto L , Fierro A , Neuber A , Stephens J 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Benchmark calculations are reported for anisotropic scattering in Boltzmann equation solvers and Monte Carlo collisional models of electron swarms in gases. The work focuses on isotropic, forward, and screened Coulomb models for angular scattering in electron-neutral collisions. The impact of scattering on electron swarm parameters is demonstrated in both conservative and non-conservative model atoms. The practical implementation of anisotropic scattering in the kinetic models is discussed.
An omnidirectional spatial monocular visual localization and tracking method for indoor unmanned aerial vehicles based on the two-axis rotary table
Authors: Wu Jun , Wang Haoshuang , Shan Tengfei , Guo Runxia , Chen Jiusheng 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Aiming at the complexity and poor adaptability of the calibration process in the traditional unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) indoor visual positioning, this paper proposes an omnidirectional spatial tracking and localization method for indoor UAV based on the two-axis rotary table. Firstly, the position of the UAV fuselage feature points in the camera coordinate system of the turntable camera is computed by the Pespective-n-Point algorithm utilizing known position information of a plurality of feature points with pixel coordinate information in the corresponding image. Pixel coordinate information is extracted by obtaining UAV body-specific feature points from rotary table camera shots. Then, UAV localization in omnidirectional space can be obtained by using the calibrated rotary axis parameters of the rotary table and the rotation angle of the rotary table and substituting them into Rodriguez’s formula to unify the UAV position information acquired by the rotary table camera at different positions into a unified coordinate system. Finally, the angle at which the rotary table should rotate is calculated from the obtained UAV pose and the spatial position of the camera optical center and the rotary axis of the rotary table. The calculated angle is fed back to the turntable as feedback information. The rotary table receiving the feedback information is rotated to a position where the UAV is located at the center of the camera image. Thereby the tracking and localization of the UAV is realized. The experimental results show that the spatial range of localization is greatly expanded with the localization accuracy reaching the level of binocular visual localization. The omnidirectional spatial tracking and localization of indoor UAV can be conveniently realized by this method.
The optimal algorithm for eliminating nonlinear error in phase measurement profilometry based on global statistical phase feature function
Authors: Zhu Zhenmin , Xu Xiaokai , Long Wenqing , He Lifa , Zhang Jing , Liu Haoran , Jiang Jianru 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In a digital fringe projection structured light system, the nonlinear phase error is generated by the gamma effect of both the projector, camera, and other electronic devices. One of the existing nonlinear correction methods is active correction by projecting ideal fringes as far as possible, and the other is passive compensation after capturing aberrant fringes. The former has higher accuracy but needs to capture a large number of fringe patterns, while the latter does not need many fringe patterns, but is not only greatly affected by random noise and out-of-focus effects, but also has poor accuracy. In this paper, an optimal algorithm for eliminating nonlinear error based on global statistical phase feature function (GSPF) is proposed. The phase distribution can be estimated from the difference between the global cumulative distribution function (CDF) and the normalized (CDF). For an ideal fringe pattern without nonlinear error and a fringe pattern with nonlinear error, the region wrapped by the x-axis normalized CDF is much smaller than the region wrapped by the x-axis global CDF, and the larger the nonlinear error is, the larger the difference between the two is. Therefore, the GSPF can be used for nonlinear error correction. Then the optimal nonlinear error correction is performed based on the minimum difference between the compensated phase entropy and the ideal phase entropy. The method does not require too many steps of phase-shifting, and only three fringe patterns are needed to realize accurate and robust correction. Experimental results show that the method is fast, highly accurate and robust. Using this technique, high accuracy measurements can be achieved with the traditional three-step phase-shifting algorithm.