bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interaction of CJX2, an amlodipine derivative with human P‐glycoprotein ATPase activity
Authors: Ji Bian‐Sheng , He Ling 
Published: May 2008

AbstractP‐glycoprotein, a plasma membrane protein overexpressed in multidrug‐resistant (MDR) cells, is responsible for the energy‐dependent efflux of structurally unrelated cytotoxic agents and MDR‐reversing drugs from the cells. Understanding the interaction of P‐gp reversing agents with P‐gp ATPase activity should provide useful information for understanding the mechanisms of P‐gp modulator. The aim of present report was to elucidate the possible mechanism of CJX2, an amlodipine derivative, in modulating P‐gp function by determining its effect on P‐gp ATPase activity. Basal P‐gp ATPase activity in K562/DOX cells was increased by CJX2 with a half‐maximal activity concentration (Km) of 10.7±1.8 µM. Kinetic analysis indicated a noncompetitive inhibition of verapamil (Ver)‐stimulated P‐gp ATPase activity by CJX2 and a competitive inhibition of CJX2‐stimulated P‐gp ATPase activity by tetrandrine; moreover, the effect of Cyclosporin A (CsA) on CJX2‐stimulated and Ver‐stimulated P‐gp ATPase activity showed noncompetitive and a competitive inhibition, respectively. CJX2 and Tet can bind P‐gp either on overlapping sites or distinct but interacting sites, while CJX2 and Ver as well as CsA can bind P‐gp on separate sites in K562/DOX cells. Drug Dev Res 69:42–47, 2008 © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
HLA‐DM negatively regulates HLA‐DR4‐restricted collagen pathogenic peptide presentation and T cell recognition
Authors: Amria Shereen , Hajiaghamohseni Laela M. , Harbeson Caroline , Zhao Dan , Goldstein Oliver , Blum Janice S. , Haque Azizul 
Published: May 2008

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis, an autoimmune disease, is significantly associated with the HLA class II allele HLA‐DR4. While the etiology of rheumatoid arthritis remains unknown, type II collagen (CII) is a candidate autoantigen. An immunodominant pathogenic epitope from this autoantigen, CII261–273, which binds to HLA‐DR4 and activates CD4+ T cells, has been identified. The non‐classical class II antigen, HLA‐DM, is also a key component of class II antigen presentation pathways influencing peptide presentation by HLA‐DR molecules expressed on professional antigen‐presenting cells (APC). Here, we investigated whether the HLA‐DR4‐restricted presentation of the pathogenic CII261–273 epitope was regulated by HLA‐DM expression in APC. We show that APC lacking HLA‐DM efficiently display the CII261–273 peptide/epitope to activate CD4+ T cells, and that presentation of this peptide is modulated dependent on the level of HLA‐DM expression in APC. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that the CII261–273 peptide is internalized by APC and edited by HLA‐DM molecules in the recycling pathway, inhibiting peptide presentation and T cell recognition. These findings suggest that HLA‐DM expression in APC controls class II‐mediated CII261–273 peptide/epitope presentation and regulates CD4+ T cell responses to this self epitope, thus potentially influencing CII‐dependent autoimmunity.
Mutual antagonistic relationship between prostaglandin E2 and IFN‐γ: Implications for rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Mathieu Marie‐Claude , Lord‐Dufour Simon , Bernier Virginie , Boie Yves , Burch Jason D. , Clark Patsy , Denis Danielle , Han Yongxin , Mortimer James R. , Therien Alex G. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractProstaglandin E2 (PGE2) is a major mediator of inflammation and is present at high concentrations in the synovial fluid of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. PGE2, acting through the EP4 receptor, has both pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory roles in vivo. To shed light on this dual role of PGE2, we investigated its effects in whole blood and in primary human fibroblast‐like synoviocytes (FLS). Gene expression analysis in human leukocytes, confirmed at the protein level, revealed an EP4‐dependent inhibition of the expression of genes involved in the IFN‐γ‐activation pathway, including IFN‐γ itself. This effect of the PGE2/EP4 axis on IFN‐γ is a reciprocal phenomenon since IFN‐γ blocks PGE2 release and blocks EP receptor expression. The mutually antagonistic relationship between IFN‐γ and PGE2 extends to downstream cytokine and chemokine release; PGE2 counters the effects of IFN‐γ, on the release of IP‐10, IL‐8, TNF‐α and IL‐1β. To gain further insight into IFN‐γ‐mediated cellular events in RA, we assessed the effects of IFN‐γ on gene expression in FLS. We observed an IFN‐γ‐dependent up‐regulation of macrophage‐attracting chemokines, and down‐regulation of metalloprotease expression. These results suggest the existence of a mutually antagonistic relationship between PGE2 and IFN‐γ, which may represent a fundamental mechanism of immune control in diseases such as RA.Supporting Information for this article is available at www.wiley‐vch.de/contents/jc_2040/2008/38170_s.pdf
Synthesis and Photophysical Properties of Silica‐Gel‐Supported Photofunctional (Phthalocyaninato)silicon Complexes
Authors: Ishii Kazuyuki , Kikukawa Yuu , Shiine Masahiko , Kobayashi Nagao , Tsuru Tatsuro , Sakai Yasuyuki , Sakoda Akiyoshi 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe photophysical properties and surface structures of silica‐gel‐supported photofunctional (phthalocyaninato)silicon complexes (SiPc‐SiO2) were investigated in terms of their electronic absorption, fluorescence, singlet‐oxygen luminescence, and nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms. Thenitrogen/desorption isotherms indicate that the planes of SiPcs Aanchored by axial ligands are parallel to the silica gel surface. In the proposed structure the tetradentate Pc ligands are considered to coordinate with the silica gel particles, since central elements of SiPcs, such as Si–O–Si–OH, are similar to constituents of silica gel. It was shown that the addition of an organic solvent (chloroform, cyclohexane, etc.), whose refractive index is comparable to that of the silica gels, increases the transparency of the silica gels. This method of adding the solvent allows to quantitatively analyze the photophysical properties and is useful for investigating other modified silicas. The intensities of fluorescence and singlet‐oxygen luminescence decrease with an increase in the amount of SiPcs due to interactions between the SiPcs in aggregates. By changing the amount of SiPcs, solid materials were prepared based on Pc complexes with both monomeric photophysical properties and a high ability for singlet‐oxygen generation. The electronic absorption spectra of SiPc‐SiO2 indicate that a wide optical window is maintained between the Soret and Q absorption bands, even for high concentrations of SiPcs ([SiPc] ≈ 10–2 M). This results in deep‐green solids, which is unlike the blue color of the crystals or concentrated solutions (>10–5 M) of SiPc(OH)2. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Spectroscopic and Computational Study on New Blue Emitting ReL(CO)3Cl Complexes Containing Pyridylimidazo[1,5‐a]pyridine Ligands
Authors: Garino Claudio , Ruiu Tiziana , Salassa Luca , Albertino Andrea , Volpi Giorgio , Nervi Carlo , Gobetto Roberto , Hardcastle Kenneth I. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe structural and photophysical properties of three new ReL(CO)3Cl complexes (ReL1–ReL3) and their 1‐(2‐pyridyl)imidazo[1,5‐a]pyridine ligands, namely 3‐methyl‐1‐(2‐pyridyl)imidazo[1,5‐a]pyridine (L1), 1‐(2‐pyridyl)‐3‐[4‐(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]imidazo[1,5‐a]pyridine (L2), and 3‐(4‐nitrophenyl)‐1‐(2‐pyridyl)imidazo[1,5‐a]pyridine (L3), were studied by spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and computational methods. ReL1–ReL3 have high‐energy singlet emissions arising from a π → π* ligand‐centered state. In oxygen‐free acetonitrile solutions, the complexes display dual fluorescence due to intense ligand‐centered triplet emission.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
A New Multicomponent Reaction Catalyzed by a Lewis Acid Catalyst: Convenient Synthesis of Polyfunctional Tetrahydropyr­imidines
Authors: Zhang Min , Jiang Huan‐Feng 
Published: May 2008

AbstractA novel and convenient one‐pot synthesis of polyfunctional tetrahydropyrimidine analogues through a Lewis acid catalyzed multicomponent reaction is disclosed. This domino reaction proceeds smoothly in moderate‐to‐good yields with formation of four C–N bonds in one step. The products are interesting nitrogen heterocycles that contain α‐ and β‐amino acid blocks. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Chemistry with [18F]Fluoride Ion (Eur. J. Org. Chem. 17/2008)
Authors: Cai Lisheng , Lu Shuiyu , Pike Victor W. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe cover picture shows the “Chemistry with [18F]Fluoride Ion?”in PET radiotracer production. The procedure includes: (i) production of aqueous [18F]fluoride ion from the cyclotron‐promoted 18O(p,n)18F nuclear reaction on 18O‐enriched water, (ii) conversion of the aqueous [18F]fluoride ion into a more nucleophilic species by complexation with kryptand‐K+, (iii) incorporation of fluorine‐18 into a radiotracer, namely [18F]SP203, for brain mGluR5 receptors, (iv) positron emission tomography (PET) of the radiotracer in a human subject, and (v) generation of the corresponding PET image of the brain mGluR5 receptor distribution. These steps are presented over a clock background to stress the necessity to work quickly and efficiently with short‐lived fluorine‐18 (t1/2 = 109.7 min) and according to a tight time schedule from radionuclide production through to PET imaging. Details are presented in the Microreview by L. S. Cai, S. Y. Lu and V. W. Pike on p. 2853 ff. The authors thank Dr. A. K. Brown and other staff of the Molecular Imaging Branch at the National Institute of Mental Health (Bethesda, Maryland, USA) for the generation of the PET image.
Strategic evaluation of research and development in Japan's public research institutes
Authors: Nakamura Osamu , Nakamura Osamu , Sawada Michiko Takagi , Kosaka Shin , Koyanagi Masao , Matsunaga Isao , Mizuno Koichi , Kobayashi Naoto 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe authors describe a strategic evaluation system for research and development (R&D) in Japan's public research institutes, using examples implemented in the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST). Important issues include promoting coherent and concurrent research on the basis of a strategy to bring about outcomes, and performing the evaluation from the perspective of outcomes in order to develop a clear scenario that might be related to future innovations. © Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Forecasting euro area variables with German pre‐EMU data
Authors: Brüggemann Ralf , Lütkepohl Helmut , Marcellino Massimiliano 
Published: May 2008

AbstractIt is investigated whether euro area variables can be forecast better based on synthetic time series for the pre‐euro period or by using just data from Germany for the pre‐euro period. Our forecast comparison is based on quarterly data for the period 1970Q1–2003Q4 for 10 macroeconomic variables. The years 2000–2003 are used as forecasting period. A range of different univariate forecasting methods is applied. Some of them are based on linear autoregressive models and we also use some nonlinear or time‐varying coefficient models. It turns out that most variables which have a similar level for Germany and the euro area such as prices can be better predicted based on German data, while aggregated European data are preferable for forecasting variables which need considerable adjustments in their levels when joining German and European Monetary Union (EMU) data. These results suggest that for variables which have a similar level for Germany and the euro area it may be reasonable to consider the German pre‐EMU data for studying economic problems in the euro area. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Insulin induces calcium signals in the nucleus of rat hepatocytes
Authors: Rodrigues Michele A. , Gomes Dawidson A. , Andrade Viviane A. , Leite Fatima M. , Nathanson Michael H. 
Published: May 2008

Abstract

Insulin is an hepatic mitogen that promotes liver regeneration. Actions of insulin are mediated by the insulin receptor, which is a receptor tyrosine kinase. It is currently thought that signaling via the insulin receptor occurs at the plasma membrane, where it binds to insulin. Here we report that insulin induces calcium oscillations in isolated rat hepatocytes, and that these calcium signals depend upon activation of phospholipase C and the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor, but not upon extracellular calcium. Furthermore, insulin-induced calcium signals occur in the nucleus, and are temporally associated with selective depletion of nuclear phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate and translocation of the insulin receptor to the nucleus. These findings suggest that the insulin receptor translocates to the nucleus to initiate nuclear, inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-mediated calcium signals in rat hepatocytes. This novel signaling mechanism may be responsible for insulin's effects on liver growth and regeneration. (Hepatology 2008.)
Evaluation of risk factors in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma in autoimmune hepatitis: Implications for follow-up and screening
Authors: Yeoman Andrew D. , Al-Chalabi Thawab , Karani John B. , Quaglia Alberto , Devlin John , Mieli-Vergani Giorgina , Bomford Adrian , O'Grady John G. , Harrison Phillip M. , Heneghan Michael A. 
Published: May 2008

Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has traditionally been considered a rare complication of cirrhosis secondary to autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), yet the true incidence remains unknown due to a lack of published data. Consequently, some professional guidelines do not mandate routine surveillance for HCC in this condition. Our aims were to evaluate the rate at which HCC develops among a large, prospectively obtained cohort of patients with AIH at a single center. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory indices associated with the development of HCC were also identified. HCC was discovered in 15 of 243 patients with AIH, all of whom had type 1 AIH equating to 1090 cases per 100,000 patient follow-up years. HCC occurred in the same proportion of females as males, 6.1% versus 6.4%,

P

= 0.95. HCC occurred more frequently in patients who had cirrhosis at presentation, 9.3% versus 3.4%,

P

= 0.048, or who had a variceal bleed as the index presentation of AIH, 20% versus 5.3%,

P

= 0.003. The median duration from time of confirmed cirrhosis to a diagnosis of HCC was 102.5 months, range 12-195 months. Median survival in patients whose HCC was diagnosed on surveillance was 19 months (range 6-36 months) compared with 2 months (range 0-14 months) for patients presenting symptomatically (

P

= 0.042).

Conclusion:

Cirrhosis in AIH is the

sine qua non

for HCC development, which subsequently occurs at a rate of 1.1% per year and affects men and women in equal proportions. (Hepatology 2008.)
Acute toxoplasmosis in nonstem cell transplant patients with haematological malignancies: a study from a regional cancer institute in South India
Authors: Adurthi S , Sahoo TP , Chakka Kumar , Radhika B , Appaji L , Bapsy PP , Ramesh C , Jayshree RS 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe frequency of Toxoplasma gondii (Tgondii) infections was investigated during febrile episodes in nonstem cell transplant patients with haematological malignancies (HM). One hundred and sixty‐two febrile episodes in 125 HIV‐negative patients with HM undergoing treatment at Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bangalore, India comprised the study group. Plasma from anticoagulated whole blood was used for amplifying the B1 gene of T. gondii by nPCR. Specific antibodies to T. gondii (IgM and IgG) were tested using commercial kits. Corticosteroid and cotrimoxazole usage during these episodes was 50 and 41%, respectively. Twenty‐two of the febrile episodes (14%) were positive for T. gondii; nine of which did not have any other concomitant infecting pathogen and were seen in symptomatic patients. While majority of these (13%) were ‘Toxoplasma infection’, there was a single case of ‘probable Toxoplasma disease’ (0.6%). In four of the fatal febrile episodes, T. gondii was the causative agent; two of which did not have any other concomitant infection. None of the patients had undergone stem cell transplantation. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hydrological behaviour and modelling of a volcanic tropical cultivated catchment
Authors: Charlier Jean‐Baptiste , Cattan Philippe , Moussa Roger , Voltz Marc 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe hydrological behaviour of the cultivated Féfé catchment (17·8 ha) on the tropical volcanic island of Guadeloupe was studied to identify flow paths, to quantify water fluxes, and finally, to build a lumped model to simulate discharge and piezometer levels. The approach combined two steps, an experimental step and a modelling step, which covered two time scales, the annual and the storm event scale. The hydrological measurements were conducted over 2 years. The Féfé catchment is characterized by heavy rainfall (4229 mm year−1) on permeable Andosols; the results showed that underground flow paths involved two overlapping aquifers, and that the annual water balance in 2003 was shared among outflows of the deep aquifer (42%), evapotranspiration (31%), and streamflow (27%). On the event scale, the surface runoff coefficient ranges between 6·2% and 24·4% depending on antecedent dry or wet moisture conditions. Hortonian overland flow predominated over subsurface and saturation overland flow processes. Recharge of the shallow aquifer is mainly governed by a constant infiltration capacity of the Andosols with depth in the vadose zone. Outflows of this shallow aquifer were the baseflow of the main stream and the recharge of the deep aquifer. Volcanic deposits at Féfé promoted the underground flow path, and cultivated areas seemed to explain the high stormflow values relative to other tropical small catchments under rain forest. A conceptual lumped model integrating runoff, infiltration, evapotranspiration, and fluctuations of the two overlapping aquifers was developed. The model has six parameters and was calibrated and validated on the hydrograph at the outlet and on the two piezometers of the shallow and the deep aquifers. The results show fair to good agreement between measured and simulated variables, and consequently, the model was consistent with the main hydrological processes observed from experimental results in wet conditions. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Frequency analysis for predicting 1% annual maximum water levels along Florida coast, US
Authors: Xu Sudong , Huang Wenrui 
Published: May 2008

AbstractIn the Coastal Flood Insurance Study by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA, 2005), 1% annual maximum coastal water levels are used in coastal flood hazard mitigation and engineering design in coastal areas of USA. In this study, a frequency analysis method has been developed to provide more accurate predictions of 1% annual maximum water levels for the Florida coast waters. Using 82 and 94 years of annual maximum water level data at Pensacola and Fernandina, performances of traditional frequency analysis methods, including advanced method of Generalized Extreme Value distribution method, have been evaluated. Comparison with observations of annual maximum water levels with 83 and 95 years of return periods indicate that traditional methods are unable to provide satisfactory predictions of 1% annual maximum water levels to account for hurricane‐induced extreme water levels. Based on the characteristics of annual maximum water level distribution of Pensacola and Fernandina stations, a new probability distribution method has been developed in this study. Comparison with observations indicates that the method presented in this study significantly improves the accuracy of predictions of 1% annual maximum water levels. For Fernandina station, predictions of extreme water level match well with the general trend of observations. With a correlation coefficient of 0·98, the error for the maximum observed extreme water level of 3·11 m (National Geodetic Vertical Datum) with 95 years of return period is 0·92%. For Pensacola station, the prediction error for the maximum observed extreme water level with a return period of 83 years is 5·5%, with a correlation value of 0·98. The frequency analysis has also been reasonably compared to the more costly Monte Carlo simulation method. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Modelling runoff from highly glacierized alpine drainage basins in a changing climate
Authors: Huss Matthias , Farinotti Daniel , Bauder Andreas , Funk Martin 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe future runoff from three highly glacierized alpine catchments is assessed for the period 2007–2100 using a glacio‐hydrological model including the change in glacier coverage. We apply scenarios for the seasonal change in temperature and precipitation derived from regional climate models. Glacier surface mass balance and runoff are calculated in daily time‐steps using a distributed temperature‐index melt and accumulation model. Model components account for changes in glacier extent and surface elevation, evaporation and runoff routing. The model is calibrated and validated using decadal ice volume changes derived from four digital elevation models (DEMs) between 1962 and 2006, and monthly runoff measured at a gauging station (1979–2006). Annual runoff from the drainage basins shows an initial increase which is due to the release of water from glacial storage. After some decades, depending on catchment characteristics and the applied climate change scenario, runoff stabilizes and then drops below the current level. In all climate projections, the glacier area shrinks dramatically. There is an increase in runoff during spring and early summer, whereas the runoff in July and August decreases significantly. This study highlights the impact of glaciers and their future changes on runoff from high alpine drainage basins. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analytical power series solutions to the two‐dimensional advection–dispersion equation with distance‐dependent dispersivities
Authors: Chen Jui‐Sheng , Ni Chuen‐Fa , Liang Ching‐Ping 
Published: May 2008

AbstractAs is frequently cited, dispersivity increases with solute travel distance in the subsurface. This behaviour has been attributed to the inherent spatial variation of the pore water velocity in geological porous media. Analytically solving the advection–dispersion equation with distance‐dependent dispersivity is extremely difficult because the governing equation coefficients are dependent upon the distance variable. This study presents an analytical technique to solve a two‐dimensional (2D) advection–dispersion equation with linear distance‐dependent longitudinal and transverse dispersivities for describing solute transport in a uniform flow field. The analytical approach is developed by applying the extended power series method coupled with the Laplace and finite Fourier cosine transforms. The developed solution is then compared to the corresponding numerical solution to assess its accuracy and robustness. The results demonstrate that the breakthrough curves at different spatial locations obtained from the power series solution show good agreement with those obtained from the numerical solution. However, owing to the limited numerical operation for large values of the power series functions, the developed analytical solution can only be numerically evaluated when the values of longitudinal dispersivity/distance ratio eL exceed 0·075. Moreover, breakthrough curves obtained from the distance‐dependent solution are compared with those from the constant dispersivity solution to investigate the relationship between the transport parameters. Our numerical experiments demonstrate that a previously derived relationship is invalid for large eL values. The analytical power series solution derived in this study is efficient and can be a useful tool for future studies in the field of 2D and distance‐dependent dispersive transport. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.