bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unlocking growth potential in Halomonas bluephagenesis for enhanced PHA production with sulfate ions
Authors: Yao Fuwei , Yuan Kai , Zhou Weiqiang , Tang Weitao , Tang Tang , Yang Xiaofan , Liu Haijun , Li Fangliang , Xu Qing , Peng Chao 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The mutant strain Halomonas bluephagenesis (TDH4A1B5P) was found to produce PHA under low-salt, non-sterile conditions, but the yield was low. To improve the yield, different nitrogen sources were tested. It was discovered that urea was the most effective nitrogen source for promoting growth during the stable stage, while ammonium sulfate was used during the logarithmic stage. The growth time of H. bluephagenesis (TDH4A1B5P) and its PHA content were significantly prolonged by the presence of sulfate ions. After 64 hr in a 5-L bioreactor supplemented with sulfate ions, the dry cell weight (DCW) of H. bluephagenesis weighed 132 g/L and had a PHA content of 82%. To promote the growth and PHA accumulation of H. bluephagenesis (TDH4A1B5P), a feeding regimen supplemented with nitrogen sources and sulfate ions with ammonium sodium sulfate was established in this study. The DCW was 124 g/L, and the PHA content accounted for 82.3% (w/w) of the DCW, resulting in a PHA yield of 101 g/L in a 30-L bioreactor using the optimized culture strategy. In conclusion, stimulating H. bluephagenesis (TDH4A1B5P) to produce PHA is a feasible and suitable strategy for all H. bluephagenesis.
The concept of normalization in the production of LGBTIQ+ media imaginaries: the scriptwriters’ conceptions
Authors: Villegas-Simón Isabel , Soto-Sanfiel Maria T 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The representation of the LGBTIQ+ community in TV series has received major attention from academia, mostly from textual and reception perspectives. However, the creative and industrial processes behind the production of media content, including the writers’ views and experiences, remain under-explored, especially outside of the United States and Northern Europe. Drawing on Queer Production Studies, this research seeks to fill this gap in Queer Media Studies by examining Spanish screenwriters’ experiences and conceptions regarding the creation of fictional LGBTIQ+ characters for TV shows, and observes how the broadcasting industry influences this process. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 19 Spanish screenwriters. Following thematic analysis informed by grounded theory, the main results show that normalization guides the creation of LGBTIQ+ characters, although there are differences in the way screenwriters define this concept. Moreover, the narrative exposition of the intimate lives of LGBTIQ+ characters emerges as the main dilemma in that normalization. Likewise, scriptwriters perceive ambivalent attitudes from the TV industry: Whereas the inclusion of LGBTIQ+ characters seems mandatory these days, there are fears that this might lead to low viewing figures or of reputations being tarnished by negative criticism. The results of this investigation further our understanding of how the concept of normalization shapes the creation of LGBTIQ+ media representations as perceived by professionals who play significant roles in their production. These findings contribute to the advancement of knowledge within LGBTIQ+ media studies and the construction of queer media representations. They also expand the scope of the under-explored field of Production Studies and diversify its geographical area of study.
The 2021 UNHCR-IE SOGI Global Roundtable on Protection and Solutions for LGBTIQ+ People in Forced Displacement: Toward a New Vision for LGBTIQ+ Refugee Protection
Authors: Chen Eirene 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This field reflection critically examines how emerging international norms concerning forcibly displaced people of diverse sexual orientation, gender identity, gender expression, and sex characteristics (SOGIESC) were negotiated during the 2021 UNHCR-IE SOGI Global Roundtable on Protection and Solutions for LGBTIQ+ People in Forced Displacement. I argue that the Roundtable was a crucial site of norm contestation on queer refugee intersectionality and inclusion within the global refugee policy regime, particularly among stakeholders grounded in two interconnected, mutually responsive policy ecosystems: (1) refugee rights and assistance and (2) LGBTIQ+ human rights. Through an intersectional queer feminist understanding of complex adaptive systems, I show how Roundtable stakeholders constructively challenged precepts of impartiality, neutrality, and a charity model of needs-based humanitarianism. Finally, I propose several ways to effectively innovate the international norms that will impact LGBTIQ+ refugees, asylum seekers, internally displaced people, and stateless people in coming years.
Surgical resection as a curative intervention for solitary renal cell carcinoma metastasis to the nasal cavity
Authors: Williams Caroline E , Sohail Amir H , Smithee William , Mercado Jose , Reynolds Stephen 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Persistent unilateral nasal obstruction with recurrent epistaxis in an adult should raise suspicion of malignancy. Renal cell carcinoma accounts for 90% of all renal malignancies but rarely manifests as a nasal mass. We describe a case of clear cell renal cell carcinoma metastasizing to the nasal cavity.
Fatal cerebritis and ventriculitis secondary to tracheoesophageal prosthesis
Authors: Crotty Thomas J , Sexton Gerard P , Kavanagh Fergal , Kinsella John , Lennon Paul , Timon Conrad V , Fitzgerald Conall W R 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Tracheoesophageal puncture and voice prosthesis placement is the preferred method of voice restoration following total laryngectomy. Although this is a safe and effective means of optimizing voice, severe complications can occur. We present the case of a patient who developed cerebritis and ventriculitis secondary to a tracheoesophageal prosthesis eroding his cervical vertebrae 20 years following pharyngo-laryngo-esophagectomy. Despite optimal antimicrobial therapy, he deteriorated and succumbed to his disease. Although tracheoesophageal prostheses are a safe and effective means of voice restoration, life-threatening complications can occur. This case report highlights a rare but severe case of cervical osteomyelitis, epidural abscess, and cerebritis and ventriculitis secondary to tracheoesophageal prosthesis. Clinicians must be aware of this severe complication in postlaryngectomy patients with tracheoesophageal prostheses.
Beyond Kafala! Employers’ discriminatory attitudes and violations of the rights and freedoms of women migrant domestic workers in Lebanon
Authors: Abdulrahim Sawsan , Cherri Zeinab , Adra May , Hassan Fahed 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Women migrant domestic workers (WMDWs) constitute 7.7 per cent of migrant workers worldwide, of whom more than a quarter work in the Arab region under the exploitative Kafala, system. In this article, we center employers as key actors in the making of the discursive meaning of Kafala. Utilizing data from a mixed-methods study on Lebanese employers of live-in WMDWs, we investigate whether practices that violate the rights and freedoms of workers are determined by the employers’ knowledge of what Kafala and local legal obligations entail versus other factors. The findings reveal that, although knowledge of legal obligations increases compliance with basic worker rights, employers shape the meaning of Kafala through practices that resonate with their discriminatory attitudes and financial interests. Thus, whilst benefit may accrue from enhancing employers’ knowledge of local legal obligations, only anti-racism advocacy that addresses deep-seated discriminatory attitudes and mobilizes employer morality would improve the rights and freedoms of WMDWs. The article does not abrogate Kafala as an exploitative system but calls for centering employers who, through their daily practices, contribute to shaping its meaning and reinforcing its power.
Examining chromatin heterogeneity through PacBio long-read sequencing of M.EcoGII methylated genomes: an m6A detection efficiency and calling bias correcting pipeline
Authors: Dennis Allison F , Xu Zhuwei , Clark David J 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Recent studies have combined DNA methyltransferase footprinting of genomic DNA in nuclei with long-read sequencing, resulting in detailed chromatin maps for multi-kilobase stretches of genomic DNA from one cell. Theoretically, nucleosome footprints and nucleosome-depleted regions can be identified using M.EcoGII, which methylates adenines in any sequence context, providing a high-resolution map of accessible regions in each DNA molecule. Here, we report PacBio long-read sequence data for budding yeast nuclei treated with M.EcoGII and a bioinformatic pipeline which corrects for three key challenges undermining this promising method. First, detection of m6A in individual DNA molecules by the PacBio software is inefficient, resulting in false footprints predicted by random gaps of seemingly unmethylated adenines. Second, there is a strong bias against m6A base calling as AT content increases. Third, occasional methylation occurs within nucleosomes, breaking up their footprints. After correcting for these issues, our pipeline calculates a correlation coefficient-based score indicating the extent of chromatin heterogeneity within the cell population for every gene. Although the population average is consistent with that derived using other techniques, we observe a wide range of heterogeneity in nucleosome positions at the single-molecule level, probably reflecting cellular chromatin dynamics.
SARS-CoV-2 nsp15 preferentially degrades AU-rich dsRNA via its dsRNA nickase activity
Authors: Wang Xionglue , Zhu Bin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
It has been proposed that coronavirus nsp15 mediates evasion of host cell double-stranded (ds) RNA sensors via its uracil-specific endoribonuclease activity. However, how nsp15 processes viral dsRNA, commonly considered as a genome replication intermediate, remains elusive. Previous research has mainly focused on short single-stranded RNA as substrates, and whether nsp15 prefers single-stranded or double-stranded RNA for cleavage is controversial. In the present work, we prepared numerous RNA substrates, including both long substrates mimicking the viral genome and short defined RNA, to clarify the substrate preference and cleavage pattern of SARS-CoV-2 nsp15. We demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2 nsp15 preferentially cleaved pyrimidine nucleotides located in less thermodynamically stable areas in dsRNA, such as AU-rich areas and mismatch-containing areas, in a nicking manner. Because coronavirus genomes generally have a high AU content, our work supported the mechanism that coronaviruses evade the antiviral response mediated by host cell dsRNA sensors by using nsp15 dsRNA nickase to directly cleave dsRNA intermediates formed during genome replication and transcription.
Umayyad History
Authors: Marsham Andrew 
Published: April 2024

Between 644 and 750 ce, the Umayyad branch of the Prophet Muhammad’s tribe of Quraysh presided over the expansion of the first Islamic empire. Control over the former lands of Rome and Iran in Egypt and the Fertile Crescent was consolidated, while new conquests were made in North Africa, the Mediterranean, the Caucasus, Iran, and Central and South Asia. The first Umayyad leader (and third leader after the Prophet), ʿUthman, ruled from Medina, in West Arabia, as his predecessors had done. ʿUthman’s killing in 656 triggered widespread conflict within the new elite, from which his second cousin, Muʿawiya, emerged victorious. Muʿawiya ruled from Syria, where he had close ties with the tribes of the Syrian Desert. After Muʿawiya’s death in 680, there was a second episode of widespread violence. It ended in c. 692, when a third branch of the Umayyad clan—ʿUthman’s first cousin, Marwan, and his descendants—took power, retaining Syria as their capital but seeking greater control over other territories. Under the Marwanid caliph ʿAbd al-Malik (r. 685–705) and his successors, the empire’s resources supported the public articulation of a distinctive claim to rule in the name of Islam, manifested in monuments such as the Dome of the Rock and on coins bearing only Arabic text in place of images. In 750, tensions in Iraq and in the frontier armies, and conflict within the Marwanid family and their army, brought about the end of Umayyad rule everywhere except al-Andalus. (This medieval Umayyad “successor state,” in what is now Spain and Portugal, is not addressed in this bibliography.) The Umayyads were supplanted as imperial monarchs by their Abbasid cousins, who ruled the empire from Iraq. Since the revisionist scholarship of the 1970s and 1980s, source-critical, literary-critical, and prosopographical approaches have been taken to the (mostly 9th- and 10th-century) literary sources for the Umayyad era. Meanwhile, archaeology and numismatic, epigraphic, and other documentary sources have been crucial to understanding not only the empire’s administration but also social and economic history. Earliest Islam and Islamic history have also been recontextualized within the frameworks of Late Antiquity and world history. Despite the problematic evidence, the era of the Marwanid Umayyads stands out as the period when a recognizably “Islamic” identity becomes visible across the various material evidence and as the earliest period to which some of the earliest textual elements of the later Arabic-Islamic tradition can be traced.
Misleading Polls in the Media: Does Survey Clickbait Have Social Consequences?
Authors: Graham Matthew H , Hillygus D Sunshine , Trexler Andrew 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In today’s competitive information environment, clicks are the currency of the digital media landscape. Clickbait journalism attempts to entice attention with provocative and sensational headlines, but what are the implications when public opinion polls are the hook? Does the use of survey clickbait—news stories that make misleading claims about public opinion—have implications for perceptions of the public, journalists, or the polling industry? In two survey experiments conducted in the United States, we find that exposure to apolitical survey clickbait that makes exaggerated claims about the incompetence of the American public undermines perceptions of their capacity for democratic citizenship. At the same time, we find no evidence that this type of survey clickbait damages the reputations of the media or polling industry, suggesting that the media may have perverse incentives to use low-quality polls or to misrepresent polling results to drive traffic.
Importance of Strange Sea to the Charge Radii and Quadrupole Moment of $J^P=\frac{1}{2}^+,\frac{3}{2}^+$ Baryons
Authors: Bhall Preeti , Upadhyay A 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
A statistical framework in conjugation with the principle of detailed balance is employed to examine the low-energy properties, i.e. charge radii and quadrupole moment, of JP = $\frac{1}{2}^+$ octet and JP = $\frac{3}{2}^+$ decuplet baryons. The statistical model relies on the assumption that the baryons can be expanded in terms of quark–gluon Fock states. We systematically apply operator formalism along with the statistical approach to study the charge radii and quadrupole moment of baryons. Based on the probabilities of all possible Fock states in spin, flavor, and color space, the importance of sea with quarks and gluons is studied. The individual contribution of the constituent quarks and sea (scalar, vector, and tensor sea) is explored. Due to the large mass difference between strange and nonstrange content, the SU(3) breaking effect is also investigated. The extent to which strange $q\bar{q}$ pairs are considered in sea is constrained by the mass of hadrons and the free energy of gluons, in accordance with experimental evidence. We focus on the individual contribution of strange and nonstrange sea ($g, \langle u\bar{u}\rangle$, $\langle d\bar{d}\rangle$, and $\langle s\bar{s}\rangle$) accommodability in the respective hadrons for their charge radii and quadrupole moment. The present work has been compared with various theoretical approaches and some known experimental observations. The obtained results may give valuable information for upcoming experimental findings.
Using narratives to correct politically charged health misinformation and address affective belief echoes
Authors: Lillie Helen M , Ratcliff Chelsea L , King Andy J , Pokharel Manusheela , Jensen Jakob D 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
In May 2020, news outlets reported misinformation about the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) related to COVID-19. Correcting misinformation about outbreaks and politics is particularly challenging. Affective belief echoes continue to influence audiences even after successful correction. Narrative and emotional flow scholarship suggest that a narrative corrective with a positive ending could reduce belief echoes. Therefore, this study investigated the efficacy of a narrative corrective with a relief ending for correcting misinformation about the CDC.

Methods
Between 29 May and 4 June 2020, we tested the effectiveness of a narrative to correct this misinformation. Participants in the United States (N = 469) were enrolled via Qualtrics panels in an online message experiment and randomized to receive a narrative corrective, a didactic corrective or no corrective.

Results
The narrative corrective resulted in lower endorsement of the misinformation compared with the control and the didactic corrective. The narrative corrective had a positive indirect effect on perceived CDC competence and mask wearing intentions for politically moderate and conservative participants via relief.

Conclusions
Public health institutions, such as the CDC, should consider utilizing narrative messaging with positive emotion endings to correct misinformation. Narratives better address affective belief echoes, particularly for counter-attitudinal audiences.
Identify Potential Causal Relationships Between Cortical Thickness, Mismatch Negativity, Neurocognition, and Psychosocial Functioning in Drug-Naïve First-Episode Psychosis Patients
Authors: Li Xiaojing , Wei Wei , Wang Qiang , Deng Wei , Li Mingli , Ma Xiaohong , Zeng Jinkun , Zhao Liansheng , Guo Wanjun , Hall Mei-Hua , Li Tao 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Cortical thickness (CT) alterations, mismatch negativity (MMN) reductions, and cognitive deficits are robust findings in first-episode psychosis (FEP). However, most studies focused on medicated patients, leaving gaps in our understanding of the interrelationships between CT, MMN, neurocognition, and psychosocial functioning in unmedicated FEP. This study aimed to employ multiple mediation analysis to investigate potential pathways among these variables in unmedicated drug-naïve FEP.

Methods
We enrolled 28 drug-naïve FEP and 34 age and sex-matched healthy controls. Clinical symptoms, neurocognition, psychosocial functioning, auditory duration MMN, and T1 structural magnetic resonance imaging data were collected. We measured CT in the superior temporal gyrus (STG), a primary MMN-generating region.

Results
We found a significant negative correlation between MMN amplitude and bilateral CT of STG (CT_STG) in FEP (left: r = −.709, P &lt; .001; right: r = −.612, P = .008). Multiple mediation models revealed that a thinner left STG cortex affected functioning through both direct (24.66%) and indirect effects (75.34%). In contrast, the effects of the right CT_STG on functioning were mainly mediated through MMN and neurocognitive pathways.

Conclusions
Bilateral CT_STG showed significant association with MMN, and MMN plays a mediating role between CT and cognition. Both MMN alone and its interaction with cognition mediated the effects of structural alterations on psychosocial function. The decline in overall function in FEP may stem from decreased CT_STG, leading to subsequent MMN deficits and neurocognitive dysfunction. These findings underline the crucial role of MMN in elucidating how subtle structural alterations can impact neurocognition and psychosocial function in FEP.
miRNAs mediate the impact of smoking on dental pulp stem cells via the p53 pathway
Authors: Hardin Leyla Tahrani , Abid Nabil , Vang David , Han Xiaoyuan , Thor Der , Ojcius David M , Xiao Nan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Cigarette smoke changes the genomic and epigenomic imprint of cells. In this study, we investigated the biological consequences of extended cigarette smoke exposure on dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and the potential roles of miRNAs. DPSCs were treated with various doses of cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) for up to 6 weeks. Cell proliferation, survival, migration, and differentiation were evaluated. Cytokine and miRNA expression were profiled. The results showed that extended exposure to CSC significantly impaired the regenerative capacity of the DPSCs. Bioinformatic analysis showed that the cell cycle pathway, cancer pathways (small cell lung cancer, pancreatic, colorectal, and prostate cancer), and pathways for TNF, TGF-β, p53, PI3K-Akt, mTOR, and ErbB signal transduction, were associated with altered miRNA profiles. In particular, 3 miRNAs has-miR-26a-5p, has-miR-26b-5p, and has-miR-29b-3p fine-tune the p53 and cell cycle signaling pathways to regulate DPSC cellular activities. The work indicated that miRNAs are promising targets to modulate stem cell regeneration and understanding miRNA-targeted genes and their associated pathways in smoking individuals have significant implications for disease control and prevention.
A manoeuvre indicator and ensemble learning-based risky driver recognition approach for highway merging areas
Authors: Liu Xingliang , Deng Shuang , Liu Tangzhi , Liu Tong , Wang Song 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Due to the complex traffic characteristics in highway merging areas, drivers tend to exhibit high-risk driving behaviours. To address the characteristics of driving behaviour in highway merging areas, we have developed a real-time identification model for risky drivers by combining a driver risk level labelling method with load balancing-ensemble learning (LB-EL). In this paper, we explore four types of manoeuvre indicator indexes (MIIs)—acute direction, stomp pedal, dangerous following and dangerous lane changing—that can describe the negative behaviours of both individual vehicles and vehicle platoons in highway merging areas. To quantize the label driver risk level, we use the interquartile range (IQR) method and Criteria Importance Though Intercriteria Correlation (CRITIC) while evaluating the reliability of the MII using spatial analysis. Furthermore, we balance the dataset using three load balancing (LB) algorithms and create nine ensemble strategies by pairing adaptive boosting (AdaBoost), extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) and light gradient boosting machine (LGBM) with the three LB algorithms. Finally, we validate the proposed model using trajectory data extracted from unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) videos. The results indicate that the distribution laws of risky driving behaviours in the acute direction and stomp pedal show a high degree of similarity and good matching with the distribution laws of traffic conflict points in existing research. Moreover, the synthetic minority over-sampling technique-light gradient boosting machine (SMOTE-LGBM) ensemble model achieves the best performance, reaching an accuracy rate of 93.4%, and a recall rate of 92.1%, which demonstrates the validity of our proposed model. This model can be widely applied to recognize risky drivers in video-based surveillance systems.