bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safety and Efficacy of Tirofiban after Intravenous Thrombolysis with Urokinase in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Qu Dian , Wang Hongjuan , Cheng Yao , Li Wendi , Fei Yutong , Xin Yan , Xu Jinghan , Lv Xiuyu , Zhao Nan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Tirofiban combined with alteplase thrombolysis or endovascular therapy has been proven to improve the prognosis of patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Some patients, due to the extended time window beyond 4 hours and economic considerations, opt for urokinase thrombolysis instead of alteplase thrombolysis in China. However, there is currently limited research on the use of urokinase thrombolysis bridged with tirofiban. We employed propensity score match to pair 80 sets of patients from a total of 196 individuals who underwent urokinase thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke. The study analyzed the 14-day National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), 90-day modified Rankin Scale (mRS), bleeding events, and compared the odds ratio (OR) of patients with mRS scores of 0-2 within the subgroups. The results show that the NIHSS at 14 days of the tirofiban group was significantly lower than that of the dual antiplatelet group. No significant difference was found in the proportion of patients with mRS Score 0-2. The odds ratios were slightly different in subgroups classified with or without previous stroke and hypertension. It was confirmed that the tirofiban might be safe in AIS patients received tirofiban after urokinase thrombolysis and could improve short-term neurological function.
MRI Radiomics in Distinguishing the Diagnostic Value of High-Grade and Low-Grade Meningiomas: A systematic review and a Meta-analysis
Authors: Xiao Simin , Zeng Siyuan , Kou Yangbin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Objective
To systematically evaluate the diagnostic value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) radiomics in distinguishing high-grade meningiomas (HGM) from low-grade meningiomas (LGM).
Methods
Computerized searches were conducted in PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, and The Cochrane Library databases from the inception of each database to December 31, 2023. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and evaluated the risk of bias and quality of included studies as well. Meta-analysis was carried out using Stata 14 software to calculate pooled sensitivity(SEN), specificity(SPE), positive likelihood ratios(PLR) and negative likelihood ratios(NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and area under the curve (AUC).
Results
A total of 21 studies, including 2,253 patients were included, among which 607 patients had HGM and 1,646 patients had LGM. The results of meta-analysis showed that the overall SEN and SPE were 0.82(95% CI: 0.74–0.88) and 0.85 (95% CI: 0.81–0.89), respectively. The PLR and NLR of the overall studies were 5.64 (95% CI: 4.17–7.64)and 0.21(95% CI: 0.14–0.31), respectively. The pooled DOR of the studies was 26.66 (95% CI: 14.42–49.27). The summary receiver operating characteristic curves with AUC was 0.91(95% CI: 0.88–0.93). These results indicated that MRI radiomics has high diagnostic value for distinguishing the grading of meningiomas.
Conclusion
Radiomics holds promise as an accurate tool for the identification of the grading of meningiomas, though additional research is required to validate the most suitable techniques. The establishment of a standardized application of radiomics will significantly enhance the diagnostic precision and the accuracy of clinical decision-making for the grading of meningiomas in the future.
Trial Registration
: CRD42024500086
DcR3-Associated Risk Score Model Enhances Prognostic Prediction in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Duan Ying , Fang Hangrong , Wang Juanhong , Ruan Banlai , Yang Juan , Liu Jie , Gou Siqi , Li Yijie , Cheng Zhengyi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Decoy receptor 3 (DcR3), a novel soluble protein belonging to the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) family, has been previously associated with tumorigenesis in various cancers. However, in our study, we unexpectedly found that DcR3 may promote patient survival time in colorectal cancer (CRC). Through an analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets, we discovered that high levels of DcR3 are associated with improved overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in CRC patients. Further investigation revealed that DcR3 is correlated with favorable clinical features in Metastasis 0 (M0) and stage I/II CRC patients, suggesting it may act as a suppressive factor in CRC. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) demonstrated that the high DcR3 group is enriched in the IL-17 signaling pathway and other immune-related pathways, and Single Sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA) revealed a higher abundance of Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TIL) in the DcR3 high group. To better understand the function of DcR3, we constructed a DcR3-associated riskscore (DARS) model using machine learning, comprising three genes (DPP7, KDM3A, and TMEM86B). The DARS model indicated that high riskscore patients have an unfavorable prognosis, and it is associated with advanced stages (III/IV), T3/4 tumors, and N1/2 lymph node involvement. Additionally, high riskscore group exhibited more frequent gene mutations, such as TTN, MUC16, and SYNE1, with SYNE1 mutation being related to poor prognosis. Intriguingly, DcR3 showed higher expression in the low riskscore group. These results suggest that DcR3 could serve as a potential prognostic biomarker in CRC and may play a crucial role in favorably modulating the immune response in this malignancy.
Regional Welfare Impacts from Options for Limiting Global Average Temperature
Authors: Ding Chenghao , Kim Suengmi , Singer Clifford , Sri Ryan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Extrapolation of historical trends in anthropogenic atmospheric carbon dioxide emissions is compared to results with new policy options. One approach is to multiply historical extrapolation of global emissions by a factor with a decline from 1 to a smaller multiple, e.g. on a timescale of about 30 years. Another allows for solar radiation management via anthropogenic stratospheric sulfur injection by one or more of sixteen geographic regions, in order to limit global average temperature to a chosen target level. An economic measure of impacts on human welfare is compared for different versions of these two approaches. That measure is time-integrated discounted utility of per capita consumption. That measure is computed with and without empathy, which involves geographical regions counting part of others’ welfare as part of their own. Inter-regional fund transfers that cover all or part of a region’s expenditures used for limiting carbon emissions can be used to encourage broader inter-regional cooperation. These exercises pose interesting questions about how choices will ultimately be made between use of one or both of carbon emissions limitations and solar radiation management.
Development and validation of nomogram for prognosis of adult sepsis patients: a retrospective observational cohort study
Authors: Xu Wanling , Yang Xinran , Wang Yingbo , Chen Yanling , Chai Min , Zang Xiuxian , Hu Haixia 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Objective
To develop a new nomogram for the bedside evaluation of patients with sepsis.
Method
This was a retrospective study. The clinical information of patients with sepsis from 2020 to 2022 was collected at the First Hospital of Jilin University. Associated risk factors of patients with sepsis were identified by univariate and multivariate logistic regression and used to develop a nomogram. The nomogram validated the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), the Hosmer-Lemeshow test, and the calibration plot. Furthermore, decision curve analysis (DCA) was used to evaluate the effect of the prediction model in clinical application.
Result
168 patients were included and divided into a training cohort (n = 123) and a verification cohort (n = 45) by the year. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that age, surgery, solid tumor, lactic acid, and coagulation index (CI) were associated risk factors for in-hospital mortality.The AUC was 0.83 (95%CI 0.76–0.91) and 0.81 (95%CI 0.691–0.937) in the training and validation cohorts, respectively. The calibration plot and Hosmer-Lemeshow test prove that the nomogram has good accuracy.DCA shows that the nomogram of the predictive model has good clinical value.
Conclusion
Age, surgery, solid tumor, lactic acid, and CI are associated risk factors for sepsis. Physicians could use the new nomogram in making clinical decisions and predicting patients’ prognosis.
Immunization coverage and associated factors among children age 12-23 months in Ethiopia: An Umbrella review of Systematic review and Meta-analysis 2024
Authors: Hadaro Tesfahun Simon , Kussia Begetayinoral , Bekele Merkin , Oshine Woldetsadik , Abebe Mesfin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Full immunization coverage plays a vital role in public health by enhancing child survival and preventing morbidity and mortality from common childhood illnesses. However, there is a shortage of comprehensive studies providing conclusive evidence on full immunization coverage and associated factors in Ethiopia. Hence, the objective of this umbrella review and meta-analysis was to identify the pooled full immunization coverage and associated factors in Ethiopia.
Methods
This review used an umbrella review method, by incorporating numerous systematic reviews. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The method involved systematically synthesizing suitable systematic reviews and meta-analyses using the Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) tool. Medical Subject Heading (Mesh) terms and keywords were used to find pertinent review in various online databases, such as PubMed, Cochrane Library, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and HINARI. I-squared statistics were used to assess study heterogeneity. STATA version 17 software was used for statistical analysis, and the 95% CI was used to determine statistical significance.
Result
In this review, four studies were included. The pooled prevalence of immunization coverage was 60.21% (95% CI: 57.29–63.14). The umbrella review found that factors such as institutional delivery (AOR = 1.93, 95% CI 1.75–2.10), travel time to vaccination site (AOR = 2.39, 95% CI 1.89–2.89), receiving at least one antenatal care visit (AOR = 2.70, 95% CI 2.05–3.33), possessing good maternal knowledge (AOR = 3.77, 95% CI 3.07–4.14), maternal education level (AOR = 2.3, 95% CI 1.7–2.96), and residing in urban areas (AOR = 1.84, 95% CI 1.54–2.14) were significantly associated with achieving full immunization coverage.
Conclusion
The pooled prevalence of immunization coverage was found to be 60.21%, indicating a substantial gap that needs to be addressed. Factors such as institutional delivery, travel time to vaccination site, antenatal care visits, maternal knowledge, education level, and urban residence were significantly associated with higher immunization rates. These findings underscore the need for targeted interventions to improve access to vaccination services, enhance maternal education and knowledge, and promote institutional delivery. Addressing these factors can help increase immunization coverage and contribute to better overall public health outcomes.
Hard X-ray projection imaging below 5 nm resolution
Authors: Zhang Wenhui , Dresselhaus Jan Lukas , Fleckenstein Holger , Prasciolu Mauro , Zakharova Margarita , Ivanov Nikolay , Li Chufeng , Yefanov Oleksandr , Li Tang , Egorov Dmitry , Aquino Ivan De Gennaro , Middendorf Philipp , Hagemann Johannes , Shi Shan , Bajt Saša , Chapman Henry 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

High-resolution X-ray imaging of non-crystalline objects is often achieved through the approach of scanning coherent diffractive imaging known as ptychography. The imaging resolution is usually limited by the scattering properties of the sample, where weak diffraction signals at the highest scattering angles compete with background noise and parasitic scattering. Here we demonstrate that X-ray multilayer Laue lenses of high numerical aperture (NA) can be used to create a strong reference beam that holographically boosts that weak scattering from the sample over a large range of scattering angles, enabling high-resolution imaging that is tolerant to such noise. An imaging resolution of about 5 nm was achieved at a photon energy of 17.4 keV with lenses of 0.014 NA from a Siemens star test object and a sample of hierarchical nanoporous gold, recording projection holograms at a magnification of more than 30,000 directly on a pixel-array detector. A numerical study compared this approach to far-field ptychography, indicating significant advantages for using high-NA lenses in the presence of background noise. This imaging modality is particularly fast and efficient to record high-resolution transmission phase-contrast images over large fields of view in a facile manner.
Hybrid Billiards Archimedes optimization of Multi-kernel polar codesfor 5G communications
Authors: banda yamini pushpa , panda sunita 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
A series of error correcting codes is known as polar codes, able to provably achieve channel capacity for a large number of channels. Punctured and shortened codes are decoded by means of their mother polar codes, increasing the decoding latency with respect to the actual code length. To overcome this in this manuscript a Hybrid Billiards Archimedes optimization based Multi-kernel polar codes for 5G communications (MK hybrid-BAO) is proposed for 5G communications. The proposed method consists of three phases. At first the polar code is constructed, the construction phase includes encoding, tanner graph and decoding. In the second phase the polar codes are designed the design principles for multi-kernel polar codes are Reliability design, Distance design and hybrid design. And these design principlesare optimized with the help of Billiards Archimedes optimization. For distance design, maximizes the minimal distance of the code, and makes use of the minimum-distance spectra of the kernels. For hybrid design, generalized design based on a mix of both reliability and distance. The MK Hybrid-BAO is compared with punctured, shortened, MK, MK + KS, MK Hybrid polar codes. The proposed method attains performance gain in terms of BLER.
Modeling the frailty phenotype by using biochemical markers measured in blood samples and multiple regression analysis
Authors: ZAMUDIO FRANCISCO , Garcia Francisco , Palomo Ivan , Fuentes Eduardo 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Human frailty syndrome is a complex phenotypic trait and the result of multiple sources of influence. Its assessment is not a simple task; however, it is important to preventing disability in adult people. However, it requires retrieval of clinical data and calculations that are time-consuming, which may be unfeasible in routine clinical practice. We propose a diagnostic tool based on multiple regression analysis and aimed to have a preliminary assessment of the frailty condition in senior adults. Because it depends on blood sample analyzes, our predictive functions are less invasive, expensive, time consuming, and less physically and psychologically discomforting.
Method
Data came from the Toledo Study for Healthy Aging, a prospective cohort study designed for evaluating the determinants, and consequences, of the frailty syndrome in older people living in the province of Toledo, Spain. The Garcia´s Frailty Trait Scale (FTS12) was considered as the dependent variable in the statistical analyzes. Forty-six traits assessed from blood samples were included as independent variables to be tested. They included 15 variables from hemograms, 19 variables from biochemical profiles, and 12 extra biochemical characteristics (not included in standard biochemical profiles). The stepwise regression method was used in deciding which explanatory variables were to be included in the predictive models.
Results
Two predictive functions of the observed frailty for each gender were obtained: a “full model” and a “reduced model”. A range of 0.615 to 0.649 of moderately high Pearson's correlations was recorded between observed and predicted FTS12 values across the four equations. The correlation between all functions of risk factors and FTS12 was larger than 0.4 and highly significant in all four study cases. With single risk factors, the highest correlation coefficient was 0.283 (p-value < 0.0001).
Conclusions
The frailty syndrome can be moderately well predicted by using biochemical information. However, full models showed a narrow superior predictive capability. Albumin was present in all functions of risk factors selected by the modeling. It showed to be a risk factor that helps in predicting the frailty phenotype. We expect that exploring Albumin’s potential as part of a predictive equation might help to design anti-aging therapeutic measures.
The Synergistic Impact of Probiotic Supplementation and High-intensity Interval Training on Dyslipidemia and the Liver Longevity Genes in Ovariectomized Rats
Authors: Abbaspour Elahe , Karimzadhagh Sahand , Bayat Zeinab , Damirchi Arsalan , Hasannejad-Bibalan Meysam , Babaei Parvin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to explore the synergistic impact of supplementing with local probiotic consumption and engaging in high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on liver health. The focus was particularly on targeting the revitalization genes Cisd2 and Hnf4α and improving dyslipidemia.
Methods: In this study, forty ovariectomized (OVX) Wistar rats were divided into five groups: one control, sham surgery, and four ovariectomized (OVX) groups receiving either 1 ml of synthesized local probiotic or engaged in HIIT at 90-95% VO2 max for eight weeks and finally co-treatment of exercise and probiotics. Following the interventions, protein expressions were measured using Western blotting, and assessments of lipid profiles were conducted using colorimetric analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
Results: Western blot analysis demonstrated a notable increase in Cisd2 and Hnf4a levels following the co-administration of HIIT and probiotics compared to the OVX + Vehicle group (P=0.001). Furthermore, the analysis revealed a significant decrease in weight, WC, visceral fat, BMI, TG, TC, and LDL-C concentrations, coupled with increased HDL-C (P = 0.001).
Conclusion: Our study indicates the efficacy of combined HIIT and lactobacillus probiotic treatment in elevating liver longevity markers of Cisd2 and Hnf4a and mitigating factors associated with obesity and dyslipidemia.
Policing Domestic Abuse: Are They Listening? Assessing Active Listening in Police Response to Domestic Abuse Callouts Through Structured Observation of Body-worn Video
Authors: Valentine Sebastian , Cole Terri 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Purpose
This research investigated the use of active listening skills (ALS) by frontline police officers at domestic abuse (DA) calls and its effect on case outcomes. Two out of every five calls to police in England and Wales relate to DA. Despite the strengthening of legislation and policy, charge rates and victim satisfaction remain low. This research explores the role active listening plays in the effectiveness of the police response to DA by seeking to answer the following research questions: What is the general level of ALS employed by uniform officers responding to DA callouts in Surrey Police? Does the use of ALS by police when speaking to a DA victim at a callout improve the outcome of that investigation?
Methods
A retrospective correlation study was undertaken using structured observation of police body-worn video. N = 40 video clips from DA incidents were viewed, and active listening behaviours displayed by the officers were scored. Scores were compared to offence outcomes using binary logistic regression.
Results
The mean active listening score was low. No correlation was found between active listening scores and either the victims giving a statement, or the case being solved. Rates of solved outcomes, statements and active listening scores were all low.
Conclusion
This research indicates low levels of active listening skills among officers. Due to these low levels, and poor overall outcomes, the impact of ALS on outcomes was difficult to determine. The wider implications of poor listening skills on police performance and culture are discussed.
Identification of Exercise Signature Genes Potentially Associated with Major Depressive Disorder by Combining Bioinformatics, Machine Learning, and Mendelian Randomization Analysis
Authors: Jiang Hongke , Zhao Shanguang , Yang Gang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose: Aberrant alterations in exercise-related genes can significantly increase the vulnerability to major depressive disorder (MDD). This study aimed to systematically screen and identify exercise genes associated with the onset of MDD.
Method: The Gene Expression Omnibus and GeneCards databases were jointly utilized to screen for exercise differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the depression dataset GSE38206. Functional enrichment and immunological analyses of DEGs were performed subsequently. Following this, the identification of signature genes was carried out using the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator and Random Forest analysis methods. These signature genes were then subjected to validation for diagnostic efficacy, genome enrichment analysis, and immunological characterization. Finally, a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis was conducted to confirm the causal relationship between physical exercise and MDD.
Results: A total of 256 differentially DEGs were identified through variance analysis. GeneCards was used to screen 962 exercise-related genes, resulting in the identification of 23 exercise DEGs through intersection. Exercise DEGs are enriched in signaling pathways such as advanced glycosylation end-product-receptor, tumor necrosis factor, and nuclear factor-κB, and are involved in physiological processes like response to lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathways, negative regulation of exogenous apoptosis, and regulation of leukocyte immunity. Machine learning identified two signature genes, SNORD15A and RMRP, with areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.994 and 0.998, respectively. Enrichment analysis results indicate that RMRP regulates signaling pathways such as endocytosis, pyrimidine metabolism, ribosomal and protein hydrolysis, and is responsible for macroautophagy, phospholipid biosynthesis, immunomodulation, and nucleic acid metabolism. SNORD15A exhibits enrichment in signaling pathways related to extracellular matrix and receptor interactions, glycerophospholipid metabolism, as well as ribosomal and toll-like receptors. It is intricately involved in regulatory mechanisms responding to bacterial-derived molecules, oxidative stress, and reactive oxygen species. CIBERSORT statistics showed that both SNORD15A and RMRP were significantly positively correlated with CD4 memory-activated T cells, and plasma cells, and negatively correlated with T cell regulation. Mendelian randomization analysis showed a negative association between exercise and the risk of depression (OR: 0.965, p = 0.005).
Conclusion: SNORD15A, RMRP in peripheral blood is negatively associated with the risk of MDD. The discovery of the signature exercise genes expands the understanding of the pathological mechanisms of MDD and opens up new perspectives on exercise therapy for MDD.