bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Domain Adaptive Semantic Segmentation Method Using Contrastive Learning and Data Augmentation
Authors: Xiang Yixiao , Tian Lihua , Li Chen 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFor semantic segmentation tasks, it is expensive to get pixel-level annotations on real images. Domain adaptation eliminates this process by transferring networks trained on synthetic images to real-world images. As one of the mainstream approaches to domain adaptation, most of the self-training based domain adaptive methods focus on how to select high confidence pseudo-labels, i.e., to obtain domain invariant knowledge indirectly. A more direct means to explicitly align the data of the source and target domains globally and locally is lacking. Meanwhile, the target features obtained by traditional self-training methods are relatively scattered and cannot be aggregated in a relatively compact space. We offer an approach that utilizes data augmentation and contrastive learning in this paper to perform more effective knowledge migration with the basis of self-training. Specifically, the style migration and image mixing modules are first introduced for data augmentation to cope with the problem of large domain gaps in the source and target domains. To assure the aggregation of features from the same class and the discriminability of features from other classes during the training process, we propose a multi-scale pixel-level contrastive learning module. What’s more, a cross-scale contrastive learning module is proposed to help each level of the model gain the capability to obtain more information on the basis of its own original task. Experiments show that our final trained model can effectively classify the images from target domain.
Williamson’s Epistemicism and Properties Accounts of Predicates
Authors: Teller Paul 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIf the semantic values of predicates are, as Williamson assumes (Philsophical Perspectives,13, 505–517, 1999, 509) properties in the intensional sense, then epistemicism is immediate. Epistemicism fails, so also this properties account of predicates. I deploy examination of Williamson’s account as a foil against properties as semantic values, showing that his two positive arguments for bivalence fail, as do his efforts to rescue epistemicism from obvious problems. In Part II I argue that, despite the properties account’s problems, it has an important role to play in compositional semantics. We may separate the problem of how smallest parts of language get attached to the world from the problem of how those parts compose to form complex semantic values. For the latter problem we idealize and treat the smallest semantic values as properties (and referents). So doing functions to put to one side how the smallest parts get worldly attachment, a problem that would just get in the way of understanding composition. Attachment to the world must be studied separately, and I review some of the options. As a bonus we see why the requirement of higher order vagueness is an artifact of taking properties as semantic values literally instead of as a simplifying idealization.
Cholestatic Pruritus: Pathophysiology, Current Management Approach, and Emerging Therapies
Authors: Kode Vishwajit , Yimam Kidist K. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Cholestatic pruritus refers to the sensation of itch experienced by patients with disease processes impairing bile flow. This article aims to illustrate the burden of cholestatic pruritus, review the proposed mechanisms, and summarize its available and emerging therapies.

Recent Findings
Pruritus is experienced by many patients with cholestatic liver diseases. It is underdiagnosed and negatively impacts patients’ quality of life. Its direct cause remains unclear though multiple pathways have been explored. Current therapies are insufficient but newly approved ileal bile acid transporter (IBAT) inhibitors and emerging peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) agonists are promising.

Summary
Cholestatic pruritus affects many patients with cholestatic liver diseases and can be debilitating. In moderate to severe cases, current guidelines provide treatment options that are ineffective. Emerging agents such as IBAT inhibitors and PPAR agonists should be considered, including referral to clinical trials. Further exploration into the pathophysiology and effective therapeutic agents is needed.
Effects of Oral Iron Supplementation on Blood Iron Status in Athletes: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Šmid Anja Neža , Golja Petra , Hadžić Vedran , Abazović Ensar , Drole Kristina , Paravlic Armin H. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Iron deficiency in athletes is initially treated with a nutritional intervention. If negative iron balance persists, oral iron supplementation (OIS) can be used. Despite the recent proposal for a refinement of treatment strategies for iron-deficient athletes, there is no general consensus regarding the actual efficiency, dosage, or optimal regimen of OIS.

Objective
The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate to what extent OIS affects blood iron parameters and physical performance in healthy adult athletes.

Methods
PubMed, Web of Science, PEDro, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, and Cochrane were searched from inception to 2 November 2022. Articles were eligible if they satisfied the following criteria: recruited subjects were healthy, adult and physically active individuals, who used exclusively OIS, irrespective of sex and sports discipline. Exclusion criteria: simultaneous supplementation with iron and any other micronutrient(s), intravenous iron supplementation or recent exposure to altitude acclimatisation. The methodological quality of included studies was assessed with the PEDro scale, the completeness of intervention reporting with the TIDieR scale, while the GRADE scale was used for quality of evidence synthesis. The present study was prospectively registered in PROSPERO online registry (ID: CRD42022330230).

Results
From 638 articles identified through the search, 13 studies (n = 449) were included in the quantitative synthesis. When compared to the control group, the results demonstrated that OIS increases serum ferritin (standardized mean difference (SMD) = 1.27, 95% CI 0.44–2.10, p = 0.006), whereas blood haemoglobin (SMD = 1.31, 95% CI − 0.29 to 2.93, p = 0.099), serum transferrin receptor concentration (SMD = − 0.74, 95% CI − 1.89 to 0.41, p = 0.133), and transferrin saturation (SMD = 0.69, 95% CI − 0.84 to 2.22, p = 0.330) remained unaltered. Following OIS, a trend of small positive effect on VO2max (SMD = 0.49, 95% CI − 0.09 to 1.07, p = 0.086) was observed in young healthy athletes. The quality of evidence for all outcomes ranged from moderate to low.

Conclusions
Increase in serum ferritin concentration after OIS was evident in subjects with initial pre-supplementation serum ferritin concentration ≤ 12 µg/l, while only minimal, if any effect, was observed in subjects with higher pre-supplementation serum ferritin concentration. The doses of OIS, that induced a beneficial effect on hematological parameters differed from 16 to 100 mg of elementary iron daily, over the period between 6 and 8 weeks. Shorter supplementation protocols have been shown to be ineffective.
Exploring physico-chemical properties of HIV/AIDS drugs using neighborhood topological indices of molecular graphs
Authors: Yasin Faisal , Afzal Zeeshan , Chaudhary Faryal , Akgul Ali , Hassan Ahmad M. , Karamat Muhammad 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this study, we investigate the efficacy of neighborhood-degree-based topological indices in the modeling of drug properties pertinent to HIV/AIDS. By representing molecular structures as graphs, we delve deep into atom-level environments, uncovering intricate relationships between local topological attributes and theoretical characteristics. Through meticulous quantitative structure–property relationship analysis, we establish robust correlations between these indices and drug properties. This breakthrough augurs predictive insights in the realm of pharmaceutical research, reducing the need for exhaustive experimentation. Our research underscores the pivotal role played by neighborhood-degree-based topological indices in advancing drug discovery, offering a powerful tool that resonates with chemists and industry professionals. It marks a transformative step in the trajectory of pharmaceutical development, promising to redefine and enhance the future of drug design and innovation.
Predictive Factors for the Formation of Viable Embryos in Subfertile Patients with Diminished Ovarian Reserve: A Clinical Prediction Study
Authors: Feng Keng , Zhang Zhao , Wu Ling , Zhu Lingling , Li Xiang , Li Derong , Ruan Luhai , Luo Yudi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study aims to construct and validate a nomogram for predicting blastocyst formation in patients with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) during in vitro fertilization (IVF) procedures. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 445 DOR patients who underwent in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) at the Reproductive Center of Yulin Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January 2019 to January 2023. A total of 1016 embryos were cultured for blastocyst formation, of which 487 were usable blastocysts and 529 did not form usable blastocysts. The embryos were randomly divided into a training set (711 embryos) and a validation set (305 embryos). Relevant factors were initially identified through univariate logistic regression analysis based on the training set, followed by multivariate logistic regression analysis to establish a nomogram model. The prediction model was then calibrated and validated. Multivariate stepwise forward logistic regression analysis showed that female age, normal fertilization status, embryo grade on D2, and embryo grade on D3 were independent predictors of blastocyst formation in DOR patients. The Hosmer–Lemeshow test indicated no statistical difference between the predicted probabilities of blastocyst formation and actual blastocyst formation (P > 0.05). These results suggest that female age, normal fertilization status, embryo grade on D2, and embryo grade on D3 are independent predictors of blastocyst formation in DOR patients. The clinical prediction nomogram constructed from these factors has good predictive value and clinical utility and can provide a basis for clinical prognosis, intervention, and the formulation of individualized medical plans.
WIC staff and healthcare professional perceptions of an EHR intervention to facilitate referrals to and improve communication and coordination with WIC: A qualitative study
Authors: McCall Abigail , Strahley Ashley E. , Martin-Fernandez Katy W. , Lewis Kristina H. , Pack Angelina , Ospino-Sanchez Beatriz , Greene Ivy , de la Vega Gabriela , Taxter Alysha J. , Eagleton Sally G. , Montez Kimberly G. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objectives:
Participation in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) has numerous benefits, yet many eligible children remain unenrolled. This qualitative study sought to explore perceptions of a novel electronic health record (EHR) intervention to facilitate referrals to WIC and improve communication/coordination between WIC staff and healthcare professionals.

Methods:
WIC staff in three counties were provided EHR access and recruited to participate. An automated, EHR-embedded WIC participation screening and referral tool was implemented within 8 healthcare clinics; healthcare professionals within these clinics were eligible to participate. The interview guide was developed using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research to elicit perceptions of this novel EHR-based intervention. Semi-structured interviews were conducted via telephone. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, coded, and analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results:
Twenty semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight WIC staff, seven pediatricians, four medical assistants, and one registered nurse. Most participants self-identified as female (95%) and White (55%). We identified four primary themes: (1) healthcare professionals had a positive view of WIC but communication and coordination between WIC and healthcare professionals was limited prior to WIC having EHR access; (2) healthcare professionals favored WIC screening using the EHR but workflow challenges existed; (3) EHR connections between WIC and the healthcare system can streamline referrals to and enrollment in WIC; and (4) WIC staff and healthcare professionals recommended that WIC have EHR access.

Conclusions:
A novel EHR-based intervention has potential to facilitate healthcare referrals to WIC and improve communication/coordination between WIC and healthcare systems.
Exorcising the Ghosts of Prescott from Conquest Historiography
Authors: Dyck Jason 
Published: February 2024

This essay reviews the following works:
Collision of Worlds: A Deep History of the Fall of Aztec Mexico and the Forging of New Spain. By David M. Carballo. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2020. Pp. xvi + 351. $37.99 hardcover, $23.99 paperback, e-book. ISBN: 9780197661451.
Conquistadores: A New History of Spanish Discovery and Conquest. By Fernando Cervantes. New York: Viking, 2021. Pp. vxiii + 496. $35.00 hardcover, e-book. ISBN: 9781101981269.
Inca Apocalypse: The Spanish Conquest and the Transformation of the Andean World. By R. Alan Covey. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2020. Pp. xix + 592. $34.95 hardcover. ISBN: 9780190299125.
Death in the Snow: Pedro de Alvarado and the Illusive Conquest of Peru. By George W. Lovell. Montreal: McGill-Queen’s University Press, 2022. Pp. xv + 280. $39.95 hardcover. ISBN: 9780228014409.
Strike Fear in the Land: Pedro de Alvarado and the Conquest of Guatemala, 1520–1541. By W. George Lovell, Christopher H. Lutz, and Wendy Kramer. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2020. Pp. xvi + 194. $32.95 hardcover, $21.95 paperback, e-book. ISBN: 9780806190044.
German Conquistadors in Venezuela: The Welsers’ Colony, Racialized Capitalism, and Cultural Memory. By Giovanna Montenegro. Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press, 2022. Pp. xvii + 372. $95.00 hardcover, $75.99 e-book. ISBN: 9780268203214.
Seven Myths of the Spanish Conquest. By Matthew Restall. Updated edition. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2021. Pp. xix + 272. $21.99 paperback. ISBN: 9780197537299.
Conquistadors and Aztecs: A History of the Fall of Tenochtitlan. By Stefan Rinke. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2023. Pp. ix + 328. $34.95 hardcover. ISBN: 9780197552469.
Digital remembrance: Honouring Srebrenica genocide victims via #ŠtoTeNema
Authors: Jaugaitė Rimantė 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis article aims to track and tackle the #ŠtoTeNema hashtag to analyse the meanings generated by Twitter end-users who employed #ŠtoTeNema together with other hashtags, texts, visuals, hyperlinks, and metadata.ŠTO TE NEMA(Why are you not here?) first appeared as an alternative commemorative practice (in 2006) to remember the victims of the Srebrenica genocide (1995). In 2012, the #ŠtoTeNema hashtag emerged to commemorate human loss on Twitter and provide even more comprehensive access to this space of memory and suffering. Using multimodal discourse analysis, I examine how Aida Šehović, the artist behindŠTO TE NEMA, with her team and Twitter's end-users, portrayed the Srebrenica genocide by employing #ŠtoTeNema. I argue thatŠTO TE NEMAhas become an influential and recognisable representation of the Srebrenica genocide not only on-site but also online. This research concludes that #ŠtoTeNema gained momentum during the global pandemic peak (2020), creating inclusive access to commemorate the 25th anniversary of the genocide locally, regionally, and transnationally.
Challenges and Opportunities Surrounding Catholic Education
Authors: Haldane John 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCatholic education faces a number of serious challenges including cultural and political disrespect for, and hostility towards religion in general and Catholicism in particular, and lack of knowledge of, and commitment to, Catholic beliefs and values among Catholic educational administrators, school managers, teachers, and other staff, as well as the diminishing percentage of even nominally Catholic staff. I set these matters within the context of broader challenges surrounding Catholic education, deriving from three cultural movements: the reformation, the emergence of liberalism, and the scientific revolution, which undermined the synthesis of scripture, theology, and speculative and practical philosophy achieved in the high middle-ages. I propose in response a creative critique showing that what is of authentic value in modernity can be accommodated within the traditional synthesis. I also connect that tradition with strands of eastern philosophy suggesting that the movement of people, ideas, and traditions from Eastern cultures into historically Western societies provides an opportunity for further synthesis of a wisdom-based approach to education.
Outdoor LiDAR-inertial SLAM using ground constraints
Authors: Hu Yating , Zhou Qigao , Miao Zhejun , Yuan Hang , Liu Shuang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe current LiDAR-inertial odometry is prone to cumulative Z-axis error when it runs for a long time. This error can easily lead to the failure to detect the loop-closing in the correct scenario. In this paper, a ground-constrained LiDAR-inertial SLAM is proposed to solve this problem. Reasonable constraints on the ground motion of the mobile robot are incorporated to limit the Z-axis drift error. At the same time, considering the influence of initial positioning error on navigation, a keyframe selection strategy is designed to effectively improve the flatness and accuracy of positioning and the efficiency of loop detection. If GNSS is available, the GNSS factor is added to eliminate the cumulative error of the trajectory. Finally, a large number of experiments are carried out on the self-developed robot platform to verify the effectiveness of the algorithm. The results show that this method can effectively improve location accuracy in outdoor environments, especially in environments of feature degradation and large scale.
Monitoring antimicrobial resistance in Campylobacter isolates of chickens and turkeys at the slaughter establishment level across the United States, 2013–2021
Authors: Sodagari Hamid R. , Agrawal Isha , Sohail Mohammad N. , Yudhanto Setyo , Varga Csaba 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Foodborne infections with antimicrobial-resistant Campylobacter spp. remain an important public health concern. Publicly available data collected by the National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System for Enteric Bacteria related to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Campylobacter spp. isolated from broiler chickens and turkeys at the slaughterhouse level across the United States between 2013 and 2021 were analysed. A total of 1,899 chicken-origin (1,031 Campylobacter coli (C. coli) and 868 Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni)) and 798 turkey-origin (673 C. coli and 123 C. jejuni) isolates were assessed. Chicken isolates exhibited high resistance to tetracycline (43.65%), moderate resistance to ciprofloxacin (19.5%), and low resistance to clindamycin (4.32%) and azithromycin (3.84%). Turkey isolates exhibited very high resistance to tetracycline (69%) and high resistance to ciprofloxacin (39%). The probability of resistance to all tested antimicrobials, except for tetracycline, significantly decreased during the latter part of the study period. Turkey-origin Campylobacter isolates had higher odds of resistance to all antimicrobials than isolates from chickens. Compared to C. jejuni isolates, C. coli isolates had higher odds of resistance to all antimicrobials, except for ciprofloxacin. The study findings emphasize the need for poultry-type-specific strategies to address differences in AMR among Campylobacter isolates.
‘It Matters How They See You’: ‘Maternal Activation’ As a Strategy to Navigate Contradictory Discourses of Motherhood and Neoliberal Activism in the Welsh Homelessness System
Authors: England Edith , Henley Josie 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDespite increasing attention to the importance of gender as an analytic to understanding neoliberal welfare reform, little attention has been paid to how motherhood operates to structure experiences. We propose the term ‘maternal activation’ to describe how homeless mothers as a group are subject to, and yet repurpose and resist, specific forms of social control characterising neoliberal paternalistic welfare structures. Drawing on a Critical Discourse Analysis of semi-structured interviews with fifty-four frontline homelessness workers, and eighteen homeless mothers, within the newly conditionalised Welsh homelessness system, we argue that homeless mothers have distinct experiences of neoliberal welfare governance. They navigate contradictory demands of attentive caregiving and economically engaged citizenship, amid devaluation of care created by a neoliberal emphasis on entrepreneurialism. However, performing intense motherhood offers strategic advantage for homeless mothers by enabling them to be read as ‘legible’. This highlights the utility of motherhood as a framework to understand welfare citizenship.
Bernice Johnson Reagon's Musical Coalition Politics, 1966–81
Authors: Stacks Stephen 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn 1981, Bernice Johnson Reagon gave a talk at the West Coast Women's Festival, challenging the group of mainly white feminists to embrace coalition politics—a political praxis theorized and advocated by Black and Israeli feminists that sought to build coalitions only after distinct group identities were embraced and nurtured. Long before she articulated this concept as the future of the Movements within which she worked, Reagon piloted it in her post-Civil Rights Movement music making. In her work with the Harambee Singers and the Southern Folk Cultural Revival Project between 1966 and 1974, Reagon developed a musical coalition politics that would inform her later interventions. Not only were Reagon's musical coalition politics during this period a musical embodiment of the vanguard of feminist theory, but they also shed light on how one of the most important musician-scholar-activists of the twentieth century approached the crafting of a new political identity in conversation with the shifting front of the Black Freedom Movement in the immediate wake of the classical phase of the Civil Rights Movement. This little-known period of Reagon's output offers scholars of Black music, scholars of American music, feminists/Black feminists, and activists much to contemplate and incorporate into our work.