bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the Priority of the Aristotelian Polis over the Individual The Polis as a Hylomorphic Whole
Authors: Panayides Christos 
Published: April 2024

In Politics I 2 (1253a18–27), Aristotle makes a controversial claim that the polis is prior in nature to the individual. The aim of this article is to reconstruct this thesis. According to recent scholarship, there are two main ways to understand priority in nature in Aristotle. It may be construed as ‘existential priority, or as ‘priority in being’. It is argued that: (a) The first option is problematic; it cannot give us a viable reading of the thesis in Politics I 2. Whereas (b) The second option provides us with a sound approach to the puzzle at hand. Furthermore, it is argued that the exegetical plausibility of the suggested reading of the thesis in Politics I 2 (1253a18–27) may be bolstered if we note that, for Aristotle, the polis is a particular kind of hylomorphic whole.
H. Bergson on the Problem of Origin of Life
Authors: Bartusiak Pavlo 
Published: April 2024

Henri Bergson’s conjectures about the origin of life avoid providing a solution to the problem, and yet he did make some suggestions. A close reading of his texts reveals the philosopher’s implicit assumption of an origin of life on Earth through natural processes. This paper is concerned with the concept of an élan, and focuses on the evolution of this philosophical concept in Bergson’s thought. The argument divides the élan from its constant companion, vital, in order to highlight its non-spiritual aspect which applies to what that Bergson described as “physiological life.” I emphasize that élan has a history, and that there must have been a moment when an élan began. Finally, the argument moves from élan’s history/origin to life’s history/origin.
„Literatūros lankai“: dialogas su lenkų poetais
Authors: Adomavičienė Laimutė 
Published: April 2024

The article explores the translations of Polish literary publications in the Lithuanian Exile Literature Magazine Literaturos Lankai (Literary Folios, during the period 1952–1959). Like many of its contemporaries, Literaturos Lankai expanded the scope of foreign literature in its pages through translations. The staff of the magazine continued the Lithuanian tradition by presenting Polish poets related to Lithuania: Czesław Milosz (1911–2004) and Julian Tuwim (1894–1953). New readers were introduced to the poetry of the Polish exile Jerzy Pietrkewicz (Peterkiewicz) (1916–2007) whose writings so far have been almost not translated into Lithuanian. In exile, translator Juozas Kėkštas (1915–1981) played a pivotal role in disseminating of Milosz’s highlighting his multifaceted talents as a poet, prose writer, and literary critic. Milosz offers to break out of the feelings and impressions in Chalk Circle poetry, seeking a language that reflects epic consciousness and new forms of expression. The works of Polish authors published in Literatūros Lankai reflect the ‘pulse of the time’, revealing a disturbed lyrical subject and an ongoing quest for new artistic forms. The translations of Polish literature strengthened the literary and cultural connections between Lithuania and Poland.
Effects of a career education classroom course on high school students' career management competencies and career orientation in Hungary
Authors: Pálvölgyi Lajos 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSeveral researchers have highlighted the need to strengthen school-based career education in Hungary. After reviewing the international literature on similar programs, this study reports on the impact of an innovative, multi-method career education course. It aimed to support Hungarian high school (ISCED 344) students in grades 10–11 in making decisions on further education and career choices, and in dealing with related uncertainties and difficulties, mainly through developing career management competence. Using a quasi-experimental design, the intervention group of 92 students showed significantly better results on half of the 20 career orientation variables assessed six months after the end of the intervention of 12 three-quarter-hour sessions, with low effect sizes compared to the pre-intervention assessment, and the 96-student control group. In addition to a self-developed questionnaire, the CDDQ Career Decision-Making Difficulties Questionnaire; and the CFI Career Factors Inventory were used. The effectiveness of the intervention was independent of factors such as gender, age, academic performance, and parental education. The study concludes with the suggestion that an enhanced version of the course could be an officially recommended supplementary career education program in Hungarian high schools.
The return to life of Er and the antarābhava: A historical-religious comparison
Authors: Salvati Antonio 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe purpose of this essay is to compare the story of Er in Plato's Republic's tenth book with the concept of antarābhava in the Vedic World and the ancient schools of Buddhism. First, the story of Er, a warrior who was believed to have died in battle and returned to life shortly before his body was burnt on the pyre, will be told. Er describes the vision he had before returning to life: he saw the actions and fate of the disembodied souls in the state and stage before their reincarnation. Next, the Indian doctrine of antarābhava, the intermediate state between death and rebirth, according to the Vedic religion and ancient schools of Buddhism, will be discussed. Finally, we will say a few concluding words to make a historical-religious comparison between the two in order to better understand both these doctrines and visions of the afterlife.
A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW ON SUITABLE IMAGE PROCESSING AND MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUE FOR DISEASE IDENTIFICATION OF TOMATO AND POTATO PLANTS
Authors: Wisidagama N S , Marikar F MMT , Sirisuriya M 
Published: April 2024

Agriculture plays a vital role in the Sri Lankan economy. Cultivation of crops like tomatoes and potatoes which is being used as a fruit and vegetable will contribute significantly to farmer’s earnings. However, tomato and potato crop faces numerous challenges, such as disease infection can significantly reduce the yield. Early identification of these diseases is crucial for implementing timely interventions and minimizing the potential damage. The current study aims to analyze existing methodologies and identify the most effective approaches for disease detection in tomato and potato crops. Image processing techniques enable the extraction of relevant features from digital images of infected plants, aiding in the identification of diseases accurately. Additionally, machine learning algorithms have proven to be valuable tools for analyzing complex datasets and distinguishing between healthy and diseased plants. The review explores various image processing techniques, including image segmentation, feature extraction, and classification algorithms (support vector machines, random forests, and convolutional neural networks). Suitability of these techniques assured that the disease identification in tomato plants based on their accuracy, efficiency, and robustness. The findings of this review will serve as a foundation for the development of a software application to identify tomato leaf diseases accurately. By enabling accurate disease identification and management, this study seeks to enhance the resilience and productivity of tomato and potato cultivation in Sri Lanka, contributing to the sustainable growth of the agricultural sector.
A three-year retrospective analysis of variables and their relationships as outcome indicators following emergency laparotomies in octogenarians: insights from a single institutional experience
Authors: Haji Altaf G. , Zehra Sadaf , Zohdy Mohamed , Manzarai Najma , John Abraham R. , Haider Syed I. , Piramanayagam Bala , Marimuthu Kalimuthu , Lourdusamy Selvam 
Published: April 2024

Background: This retrospective study aims to specifically assess the morbidity and mortality outcomes linked to emergency laparotomies in a subset of patients aged 80 years and above, referred to as octogenarians. The objective is to gain insights into the specific challenges and outcomes faced by this elderly population undergoing emergency laparotomies.
Methods: This retrospective analysis focused on emergency laparotomies in octogenarians between June 2020 and June 2023, involving 62 cases out of 370 total emergency laparotomies conducted across various age groups. Using a standardized proforma, data was collected, and statistical analysis was performed with statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS).
Results: In this study involving 62 elderly patients (mean age 84) undergoing emergency laparotomies, common diagnoses included adhesional small bowel obstruction (32.3%)and large bowel obstruction due to diverticular disease (21.0%). Approximately 22.6% of cases were malignant, emphasizing the diverse nature of the cohort. A significant portion (56.5%) underwent bowel resection, and 16.1% had a stoma. Notably, 100% of patients were not seen by geriatrics, indicating potential gaps in comprehensive assessment despite the absence of geriatrician involvement, the overall mortality rate was 21%, emphasizing the potential impact of geriatrician reviews.
Conclusions: In summary, emergency major abdominal surgery poses significant risks, particularly for frail and elderly individuals with multiple co-morbidities. Recognizing frailty as an independent risk factor is crucial and highlights areas of potential improvement in this area with early involvement of geriatricians.
A Study on Yield and Value Sustainability in Groundnut (Arachis hypogea) Through Cluster Frontline Demonstrations Approach in Cuddalore District of Tamil Nadu
Authors: Natarajan K. , Hanif Noorjehan A.K.A. , Jayakumar J. , Senguttuvan K. , Gayathry G. , Kumar K. Bharathi , Veeramani P. , Kannan S. , Mailappa A.S. 
Published: April 2024

Background: Groundnut is a prominent oilseed crop in India but its productivity is far below the potential yield due to lack of knowledge and adoption of improved varieties and technologies. Technology gap is a major problem in groundnut production in North Eastern zone of Tamil Nadu State in which Cuddalore district falls. A scientific and systematic effort was made to study the impact on yield by assessing technological gap existing in various components of groundnut cultivation through cluster frontline demonstrations (CFLDs) with scientific technologies. Methods: Cluster Frontline Demonstrations was implemented in groundnut to improve the production potential of improved varieties and new technologies through Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK). The study with one of its objective to assess yield and technology gap in groundnut was conducted with 175 demonstrations during the period from 2020-21 to 2022-23 covering seven blocks in an area of 70 hectares in Cuddalore district following cluster random sampling method. Two main varieties VRI 8 and VRI 10 along with improved technologies were demonstrated in farmer’s field by providing necessary critical inputs seed pods, bio control agents along with seed drill sowing, Result: There resulted 62.13 per cent increase in yield as observed in demonstration plots over farmers’ practices in groundnut. The study revealed that in groundnut, the average extension gap (difference of demo and farmer plot yield) is 16.26 q/ha, average technology gap (difference of potential and demo plot yield) is 12.21 q/ha and average technology index of demonstrations is 22.21 per cent. The higher average net returns (Rs. 149758/ha) were recorded in demonstration plot (BCR 2.3) compared to farmers’ plot. The Sustainability Yield Index (SYI) and Sustainability Value Index (SVI) in demo plot are higher consistently than farmers plot mainly due to the effect of cluster frontline demonstrations with proper application of inputs/technologies viz., VRI 8 and VRI 10 varieties, seed treatment with bio fertilizers, bio control agents, soil test based nutrient management, application of TNAU crop booster groundnut rich and gypsum application.
Best Practice Recommendations for Integrating Health Equity into Pragmatic Clinical Trials for Dementia Care
Authors: Mitchell Susan L. , McCarthy Ellen P. , Hinton Ladson , Nkimbeng Manka , Peak Katherine D. , Quiñones Ana R. 
Published: April 2024

Context
Minoritized populations experience higher rates of dementia and worse health outcomes than non-Hispanic white people, but they are vastly underrepresented in pragmatic clinical trials embedded in health care systems (ePCTs). Little guidance is available to consider health equity–relevant issues in ePCTs.

Objective
This report describes the development, structure, and content of a guidance document developed by the National Institute on Aging Imbedded Pragmatic AD/ADRD Clinical Trials (IMPACT) Collaboratory to help investigators systematically assess the integration of health equity into all aspects of ePCT design.

Design
Led by a task force of IMPACT investigators, a literature review of existing frameworks for health equity considerations in clinical trials was conducted. Next, priority health equity–relevant recommendations in the domains of ePCT design were solicited from Collaboratory experts. The 50 submitted recommendations were reduced to 36 nonoverlapping best practices and categorized into 6 domains, as follows: Getting Started, Community Stakeholder Engagement, Design and Analysis, Intervention Design and Implementation, Health Care System and Participant Selection, and Selecting Outcomes. Each domain had 6 best practice recommendations consisting of a succinctly worded main sentence, with 1 to 2 explanatory sentences. The content was finalized through an iterative process of editing and revision.

Conclusions
Although specifically focused on ePCTs involving dementia care, the best practices are applicable to any ePCT and can be useful to advance health equity in traditional clinical trials. This guidance document provides a first step toward promoting holistic, structured integration of health equity into the design and conduct of ePCTs as a matter of good science.
Mental Health, Self-Care, and Engagement in Care among Black Women Living with HIV
Authors: Patrick Jordan , Dale Sannisha K. 
Published: April 2024

Objectives
Due to sociostructural factors, Black women living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in the United States represent the highest percentage of women with HIV and experience mental health struggles that impact health behaviors. This study examines associations between mental health, self-care, medication adherence, engagement with healthcare, HIV-related healthcare visits, and hospitalization.

Methods
One hundred and nineteen Black women living with HIV in the Southeastern United States completed measures on scheduled visits (general and HIV-related healthcare), visits attended/missed/rescheduled, mental healthcare engagement (therapy and support groups), hospital visits (emergency room and overnight stays), medication adherence, and a clinician-administered interview assessing mental health.

Results
Higher self-care was associated with fewer emergency room visits (β=−0.31, P&lt;.001) and hospitalizations (β=−0.22, P&lt;.05). Higher post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms were associated with hospitalization (β=0.23, P&lt;.05) and missed HIV-related visits (β=0.20, P&lt;.05) but higher outpatient mental healthcare visits for group psychotherapy (β=0.20, P&lt; .05). Higher suicidality was associated with lower HIV-related healthcare visits scheduled (β=−0.26, P&lt;.01). Higher HIV load was associated with higher HIV-related healthcare visits scheduled (β=0.45, P&lt;.001) and hospitalization (β=0.41, P&lt;.001). Higher Wisepill medication adherence (β=−0.28, P&lt;.01) and self-reported adherence (β=−0.33, P&lt;.001) were associated with fewer HIV missed visits. Higher self-reported adherence was associated with fewer emergency room visits (β=−0.38, P&lt;.001) and hospitalizations (β=−0.27, P&lt;.001).

Conclusions
Our findings highlight the need for treating mental health symptoms and enhancing self-care among Black women living with HIV to improve engagement in care and health behaviors and decrease emergency room visits and hospitalization.
Competencias transversales del tutor clínico especialista del cuidado en Enfermería en la apreciación del alumnado
Authors: Ponce Gómez Gandhy , Valencia Cruz Alejandra , González Juárez Graciela 
Published: April 2024

Objetivo: Analizar las competencias transversales de los tutores clínicos en el Programa Único de Especializaciones en Enfermería de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, en términos de la apreciación de sus alumnos para identificar áreas de oportunidad con respecto de la formación, a través de la tutoría clínica.
Material y Métodos: Este es un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo y transversal. La unidad de análisis es el alumno del posgrado de Enfermería. La tutoría clínica fue analizada con un instrumento validado por un panel de jueces expertos y que después fue ajustado usando un estudio piloto a través de la plataforma Google Forms. La muestra estuvo constituida por 448 alumnos cursando la especialización, vigentes y que estuvieran dispuestos a participar.
Resultados: Las estadísticas descriptivas muestran las mayores frecuencias en la dimensión relacionada con la disciplina, y las menores frecuencias en la dimensión relacionada con la docencia clínica. En general, las dimensiones consideradas para la competencia transversal muestran debilidades que pudieran estar relacionadas con la atención a dificultades emocionales, la toma de decisiones en el sitio, y el manejo de los conflictos interpersonales, además de la planeación de la tutoría.
Conclusiones: La tutoría clínica en la Enfermería de nivel posgrado es un pivote que fortalece las bases para abordar problemas clínicos, usar la evidencia científica y su expresión en el cuidado especializado. Las dimensiones consideradas para la competencia transversal muestran que, en el desarrollo de destrezas interpersonales y de comunicación, hay acciones estratégicas que pueden ser apuntaladas para promover la interacción con pacientes, las familias y otros profesionales de la salud dentro del contexto clínico.
Palabras clave: Tutoría clínica, Entrenamiento, Preceptoría, Educación Basada en Competencias.
A UniRILA nas discussões sobre a migração laboral no âmbito do Corredor Rodoviário Bioceânico
Authors: Santos Isabelle Dias Carneiro 
Published: April 2024

O Corredor Rodoviário Bioceânico, também conhecido como Rota Bioceânica tem por escopo implantar uma ligação terrestre que facilite a integração entre Argentina, Brasil, Chile e Paraguai, propiciando inclusive a conexão entre os oceanos atlântico e pacífico. Como consequências desta cooperação internacional, visa-se, primeiramente, o crescimento econômico da região central da América do Sul. Porém, além do viés econômico, vislumbra-se outras influências que o Corredor Rodoviário Bioceânico poderá trazer, como nas esferas jurídico-social. Insta destacar que a globalização vigente traz como corolário a mobilidade humana, e dentro disso são distintas as razões que levam ao processo migratório, dentre eles o laboral. Assim, com a perspectiva no aumento da migração laboral internacional entre os cidadãos de nacionalidade dos quatro países, tem-se por objetivo abordar a importância da Rede de Universidade da Rota de Integração Latino Americana (UniRILA), formada por universidades, dos quatro Estados soberanos, nos debates jurídicos, com o escopo de uniformização das legislações nacionais. Para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa, ter-se-á o Brasil e sua legislação, no campo dos direitos sociais, como referência para tratar as normas de migração laboral dos outros três Estados. Apesar das significativas discussões no âmbito jurídico sobre migração laboral, dentro da UniRILA, chegou-se como resultado de que no campo legislativo pouco ou nada se alterou até o momento, em parte em função da dificuldade em se visualizar os problemas legais vindouros que a migração laboral internacional pode trazer. Para tanto, a metodologia utilizada é a pesquisa dedutiva, qualitativa e bibliográfica, calcada em tratados, legislação, doutrina, artigos científicos, bem como sites oficiais e não oficiais.
Upgrading/Deacidification of Organic Liquid Phase by Liquid-Liquid Extraction Using Methanol/Water as Solvent
Authors: Machado Nélio Teixeira , Mota Silvio Alex Pereira da , Leão Raquel Ana Capela , Souza Rodrigo O. M. A. , Duvoisin, Jr. Sergio , Borges Luiz Eduardo Pizarro , Mota and Andréia de Andrade Mâncio da 
Published: April 2024

The objective of this work was to investigate the deacidification of bio-oils (BOs) from triglyceride-based biomass through the application of liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) in a simple stage, using methanol and water as a binary solvent and feed/solvent ratio of 1/1. For this, the effects of process parameters such as the water content present in the solvent, the content of carboxylic acids present in the bio-oil, and the extraction temperature on the deacidification process through the efficiency and distribution coefficient were evaluated, as well as the effects of such parameters on the quality of deacidified bio-oils through physical-chemical analyzes and GC-MS analysis. The results show that such process parameters significantly affect the quality of deacidified bio-oils. The ideal condition to have the highest acid removal, i.e., the highest deacidification efficiency (72.65%), is the one in which the deacidification process is performed with aqueous methanol (5% water) at 35 °C and for BOs that have a total acid number (TAN) equal to 24.38 mg KOH/g. Therefore, the process of deacidification by LLE using aqueous methanol is a promising alternative for removing carboxylic acids and other oxygenated compounds, contributing significantly to the upgrading or improving biofuels produced by catalytic thermal cracking.