bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Towards sustainability by reducing speciesism: The effect of a prejudice‐based intervention on people's attitudes and behaviours towards animals
Authors: Stel Mariëlle , Unterweger Aiko 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe way we use animals for human consumption, medicines, and entertainment causes problems for the environment, our health, and animal welfare. This research investigated an intervention aimed at reducing harmful attitudes and behaviours towards animals. As the underlying mechanism of prejudice towards animals is similar to human outgroup prejudice, we designed an intervention based on synthesized insights from the prejudice literature. In two studies, participants (NStudy1 = 603 and NStudy2 = 600) either received an intervention or no intervention. Then, harmful attitudes and behaviours towards animals (Studies 1 and 2) and possible mediators (Study 2) were measured. The prejudice‐based intervention led participants to more strongly intend to reduce their hurtful behaviours towards animals (Studies 1 and 2). Moreover, the intervention diminished participants' animal product consumption as measured after a week (Study 2). Whereas the intervention did not affect speciesist attitudes in Study 1, it did in the more strongly powered Study 2. Finally, the path model of Study 2 showed that perspective‐taking and feelings associated with injustice played a role in reducing speciesism, whereas awareness of animal treatment did not. Together, our intervention provides an important step to sustainability by reducing speciesism.
An Economic Evaluation of Direct Oral Penicillin Challenge for De‐Labelling Low Risk Patients With a Penicillin Allergy Label
Authors: Bestwick R. , Bhogal R. , Kildonaviciute K. , Ng B. Y. , Jackson B. , Moriarty C. , Thomas C. , Savic L. , Misbah S. A. , Krishna M. T. , Mujica‐Mota R. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundRemoving inaccurate penicillin allergy labels (PALs) can reduce unnecessary exposure to ‘watch’ and ‘reserve’ groups of antibiotics and thereby reduce antimicrobial resistance. The most efficient model for a non‐allergy‐specialist‐led penicillin allergy de‐labelling (PADL) service has not been established.ObjectiveTo determine the costs to the UK National Health Service of a direct oral penicillin challenge (DPC) for low‐risk patients with a PAL in three hospitals in England, each with a different non‐allergy‐specialist delivery model: pharmacist‐led, nurse‐led, and mixed multidisciplinary.MethodsCost analysis of the DPC pathway, including resources related to staff time and antibiotics. The effect of de‐labelling on healthcare utilisation over 5 years was modelled using data from the published literature.ResultsIn total, 2257 patients from the Acute Medical or Infectious Disease Unit (AMU/IDU), Pre‐surgical, and Haematology‐Oncology departments were screened. Subsequently, 126 underwent DPC, and 122 were de‐labelled. Twenty‐two of these were de‐labelled in time to affect their antibiotic regimen; 6 from AMU/IDU and 16 Pre‐surgery. The DPC represented 22%–23% of the pathway cost in the pharmacist‐led and mixed models, and 15% in the nurse‐led model. Across departments and models, the cost per de‐labelled patient varied between £577 (95% Credible Interval: 370, 633) for haematology‐oncology patients to £2329 (947, 19,504) for AMU/IDU patients, both under the nurse‐led model. After 5 years, recouping costs was unlikely for AMU/IDU patients under any model or for all patients combined under the mixed model.ConclusionsThe penicillin allergy de‐labelling pathway cost was  ≥ 4‐fold that of the DPC alone. Costs were up to 3 times higher in an acute compared to an elective setting. No short‐term cost savings were identified from proactive or opportunistic penicillin allergy de‐labelling in this study.
Screening and Identification of Brain Pericyte‐Selective Markers
Authors: Kang Minkyung , Nasrollahi Ava , Cheng Feng , Yao Yao 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundPericytes, a type of mural cells, exert important functions in the CNS. One major challenge in pericyte research is the lack of pericyte‐specific and subpopulation‐specific markers.MethodsTo address this knowledge gap, we first generated a novel transgenic mouse line in which vascular smooth muscle cells (vSMCs) are permanently labeled with tdTomato. Next, we isolated PDGFRβ+tdTomato− pericytes and PDGFRβ+tdTomato+ vSMCs from the brains of these mice and subsequently performed RNAseq analysis to identify pericyte‐enriched genes.ResultsUsing this approach, we successfully identified 40 pericyte‐enriched genes and 158 vSMC‐enriched genes, which are involved in different biological processes and molecular functions. Using ISH/IHC analysis, we found that Pla1a and Cox4i2 were predominantly enriched in subpopulations of brain pericytes, although they also marked some non‐vascular parenchymal cells.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that Pla1a and Cox4i2 preferably label subpopulations of pericytes in the brain compared to vSMCs, and thus, they may be useful in distinguishing these populations.
Impaired Glymphatic Function in Acute Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: Cai Jinsong , Dong Yecheng , Fang Mengmeng , Wei Kai , Yan Shenqiang , Zhou Ying 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsAlterations in glymphatic function during the acute phase of acute spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) remain poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate whether, compared to healthy controls (HCs), the glymphatic system is impaired in patients with sICH, and to assess its association with hemorrhage and edema severity and outcome.MethodsFifty‐five sICH patients (including 46 supratentorial sICH and 9 ) and 97 age‐ and sex‐matched HCs underwent conventional MRI and diffusion tensor imaging. The diffusion along the perivascular space (DTI‐ALPS) index, serving as a marker for glymphatic function, was computed, with supratentorial cases being categorized into ipsilateral and contralateral ALPS. Volumes of hemorrhage and edema were evaluated using susceptibility‐weighted imaging (SWI) and T2‐weighted magnetic resonance images, and the relative edema ratio was calculated. Clinical outcomes were categorized as favorable or poor based on a modified Rankin scale score of ≤ 2 or > 2 at 90 days.ResultssICH patients showed significantly lower DTI‐ALPS values on the ipsilateral side compared to the average in the HC group (1.34 ± 0.24 vs. 1.46 ± 0.22, p = 0.003), whereas contralateral DTI‐ALPS values in sICH patients did not differ significantly from HCs (1.48 ± 0.21 vs. 1.46 ± 0.22, p = 0.524). The ipsilateral DTI‐ALPS was notably associated with both hemorrhage and relative edema volumes (both p < 0.05). A higher ipsilateral DTI‐ALPS was independently associated with a favorable outcome at 90 days (odds ratio = 1.686 per 0.1 increase, p = 0.038).ConclusionsThe DTI‐ALPS index, which reflects glymphatic functionality, is notably diminished on the ipsilateral side in acute sICH, correlating significantly with increased volumes of hemorrhage and edema. This study suggests that glymphatic dysfunction may contribute to the severity of clinical outcomes, and highlights the potential role of the glymphatic system in the pathophysiology of sICH.
Managing context in Six Sigma projects: New themes from a methods‐only replication
Authors: Baker Tim , Almutairi Thamer N. , Xu Xun , Zhang Lizao , Witt Phillip W. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractWe conduct a methods‐only replication of Nair, Malhotra, and Ahire's study by analyzing 13 Six Sigma (SS) projects from nine small‐ to medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs). Nair et al. analyzed 10 SS projects from seven large firms and found support for three propositions associating themes (i.e., expanded scope of analysis, clarity of metrics, and cross‐functional integration) contributing to SS project success, as well as 10 propositions associating project contextual factors, project management elements, and themes. Our replication provides support for two of the original propositions, partial support for five original propositions, and no support for five original propositions. Note that one of the 13 original propositions from Nair et al. could not be replicated given data restrictions. These replication results suggest that SS project success and their associations with project management elements and project context are contingent on firm size. Importantly, for SMEs, unlike larger firms, expanded scope of analysis, clarity of metrics, and cross‐functional integration are not important contributing factors to SS project success in SMEs. Instead, we derived two new themes (i.e., time‐to‐completion and prioritization) and seven corresponding propositions that appear to better explain how SMEs can manage SS project context to improve SS project performance. These two new themes illustrate the need for SS project teams within SMEs to be amenable to (a) emphasizing quick wins and (b) being more selective in pursuing process drivers for improvement.
Treatment of Refractory Monoclonal Immunoglobulin Deposition Disease With BCMA Bispecific Antibody
Authors: Bhutani Divaya , Chakraborty Rajshekhar , Wats Karan , Hughes Michael Sang , Dor Lotan , Sekulic Miroslav , Lentzsch Suzanne 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTMonoclonal immunoglobulin deposition disease (MIDD) is characterized by deposits of intact monoclonal immunoglobulin protein, most commonly in the kidney, but other organs such as the heart can be involved. Patients are treated with plasma cell‐directed therapies. Here we describe the first reported case of a patient with refractory MIDD with renal and cardiac involvement who was successfully treated with a BCMA‐drected therapy. After achieving a deep hematologic response, the patient achieved a cardiac organ response as well. BCMA‐directed therapy can be valuable for patients with refractory monoclonal immunoglobulin deposition disease.
IgG Signalling Involves in Skin Inflammation of Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Xu Jing , Chen Xingyu , Shen Xiaotian , Zhu Ronghui , Yin Huibin , Mao Liya , Wang Shangshang , Gu Chaoyin , Yao Xu , Li Wei 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAtopic dermatitis (AD) patients usually have elevated serum IgE that is thought inducing inflammation upon binding to allergen. However, the role of IgE‐producing B cells and other isotypes of immunoglobulin, such as IgG, in AD are not clear and rarely explored. This study aimed to investigate the role of IgE‐producing B cells and other isotypes of immunoglobulin, particularly IgG, in skin lesion of AD. BCR repertoires were analysed using mRNA prepared from skin lesions and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from AD patients and non‐allergic healthy subjects. Single‐cell RNA sequencing data of AD lesions from published literature were extracted to analyse the function of IgG. BCR repertoires from skin lesion and PBMCs clustered distinctly, and PBMCs showed higher interindividual similarity compared to those from the skin. The proportions of IGHM, IGHD, IGHA, IGHG and IGHE varied among skin lesion and PBMCs of AD patients and healthy individuals, and IGHG was significantly increased in AD lesion. IGHG showed biased VH usage, with dominance of V1‐58, V1‐8, V3‐13 and V3‐73. The much higher hyperexpanded clonality and lower diversity of IGHG repertoire in skin than those of the PBMCs, suggested the clonal expansion of IgG+ B cells in the skin. Pathways related with IgG activation were enriched in AD skin, and macrophages may be activated by IgG and promote skin inflammation. In conclusion, skin is not the main production site for IgE in AD. IgG may involve in promoting Th2 inflammation in AD skin through macrophages.
Father involvement among Chinese fathers in four geolocations: Exploring cultural nuances and similarities
Authors: Chuang Susan S. , Huang Ching‐Yu , Shen April C. T. , Zhu Meihua , Wu Bethany , Ng Agnes , Feng Joyce Y. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractObjectiveThe objective is to explore Chinese fathers' levels of involvement in their young children's lives in four geolocations: Canada, China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan.BackgroundFathering research has been primarily based on Westernized populations, with a dearth on Chinese fathering. Within the limited studies on Chinese fathers, the influence of sociopolitical environments and geolocation has been overlooked, decontextualizing father involvement.MethodThe study included 273 fathers across four geolocations: Canada (n = 67), Mainland China (n = 56), Hong Kong (n = 47), and Taiwan (n = 103) using time diary data (two 24‐hour accounts of their latest workday and weekend day). A series of repeated‐measures analyses of covariance (Father Involvement treated as the repeated measures; covarying Fathers' Age and Levels of Education) were conducted to explore the nuances and similarities of father involvement.ResultsFathers' levels of engagement (play, care) differed. Fathers from China reported spending the most time playing with their child than did other fathers. Taiwanese and Hong Kong fathers spent similar amounts of time playing with and caring for their children. Other father involvement dimensions also differed by geolocation.ConclusionOur findings demonstrate that Chinese fathers cannot be “collapsed” into one group. Due to differing sociopolitical environments, fathers' involvement in various dimensions varied.ImplicationsChinese fathers are actively involved in their children's lives, contrary to the beliefs of fathers being “aloof and distant.” However, there are differences among Chinese fathers; thus, taking geolocation into account when providing programs and services is essential to Chinese communities.
Detection of ketamine in the oral fluid of drivers in northeastern France during the years 2020–2023
Authors: Aouichi Laïyna Lilo , Pape Elise , Jouzeau Jean‐Yves , Gibaja Valérie , Aubin‐Beale Eyrian , Kolodziej Allan , Feliu Catherine , Marchand Elodie , Gambier Nicolas , Scala‐Bertola Julien 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesKetamine is a psychoactive substance used for its stimulant and hallucinogenic properties. As the use of ketamine may lead to impaired driving, we aimed to assess the occurrence of ketamine in the driving population tested positive for narcotics in roadside checks using oral fluid analysis. Oral fluid concentrations of ketamine and norketamine were examined to determine the percentage of drivers susceptible to ketamine impairment.MethodsA retrospective descriptive study was conducted over a 32‐month period in 2020–2023 on drivers who tested positive to the DrugWipe®5S saliva test in our region of northeastern France. Mass spectrometry was used to confirm the DrugWipe®5S result and to determine oral fluid concentrations of ketamine and norketamine.ResultsDuring the entire study period, 3364 drivers were tested positive at the roadside using the DrugWipe®5S rapid test. After mass spectrometry, 3043 drivers were finally confirmed as true positives. Ketamine was detected in 88 drivers who were 80.7% male, 95.4% polydrug users and were 27.5 ± 7.1 years old, representing 2.6% of the total driver population. Ketamine concentrations were 821 ± 2264 and 7.8 ± 12.3 ng/mL in the presence and absence of norketamine, respectively. Finally, 26.1% of the ketamine‐positive drivers had a ketamine oral fluid concentration potentially associated with impaired driving.ConclusionKetamine and norketamine should be added to the list of drugs to be tested in oral fluid for driving under the influence of drugs. Besides blood or urine, oral fluid could be an interesting alternative biological matrix for addiction medicine.
Developing a Quality Improvement Framework to Enhance the Health System User Experience for Individuals Living With Type 1 Diabetes: The Reshape T1D Study
Authors: Boisvenue Jamie , Elezzabi Youssef A. , Young Kim , Gibson Kathleen , Hinz Heather , McClure Reid , Homulos Robyn , Spiers Jude , Senior Peter , Yeung Roseanne 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionUser experience design aims to create products and services that are accessible, usable, and enjoyable. The Reshape T1D study aims to apply these principles to understand how individuals living with T1D interact with and experience healthcare to inform T1D clinical quality improvement.MethodsUsing a community‐based participatory research design, we involved four patients and four clinicians as co‐researchers throughout the research. A questionnaire and virtual semi‐structured interview were applied across a purposeful sample of 41 adults living with T1D across Alberta, Canada, between September 2021 and May 2022. Audio recordings were transcribed verbatim and de‐identified before coding. Thematic analysis was conducted on coded participant discourse through multiple coders.ResultsParticipants indicated the need for a centralized hub that provides consistent, reliable, and up‐to‐date T1D education and resources and an emphasis on access to mental health resources within T1D care settings. Providing greater flexibility for appointment types (ie. in‐person, virtual, etc.) and after‐hours access contributed to better self‐management and prevented emergency room visits. Participants desired a choice as to who comprises their T1D care team and for teams to address patient needs specific to their reality. We identified that medical trauma had long‐term impacts on perceptions of healthcare and contributed to a reluctance to seek future care. Women expressed challenges in discussing reproductive health with their clinicians. Diabetes online communities provide an adjunct to clinical care through peer support. Cost and access to the latest technology are ongoing barriers for many participants, especially concerning publicly funded programmes that use advanced insulin pump therapy, continuous glucose monitoring, and automated insulin delivery systems. A quality improvement framework emerged through data analysis, and findings were synthesized into actionable recommendations for ongoing clinical quality improvement.ConclusionOur findings highlight how important health system user suggestions are for more equitable, accessible, and empathetic healthcare for individuals living with T1D. Further work is needed to explore health system user experiences with clinicians and healthcare administrators to effectively carry out T1D clinical quality improvement.
KLF9 aggravates the cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy through the lncRNA UCA1/p27 axis
Authors: Ding Dayou , Zhao Guangrong 
Published: February 2025

AbstractCardiac hypertrophy refers to an abnormal increase in the thickness of the heart muscle. Our study explores the role of Krüppel‐like factor 9 (KLF9) in hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM)‐induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, providing new targets for the treatment of HOCM. Cardiomyocytes were treated with isoproterenol (ISO). The levels of natriuretic peptide B (BNP)/natriuretic peptide A (ANP)/KLF9/long non‐coding RNA urothelial carcinoma‐associated 1 (lncRNA UCA1)/p27 were measured. Cell surface area and protein/DNA ratio were tested. The binding between KLF9 and the lncRNA UCA1 promoter and between zeste homologue 2 (EZH2) and lncRNA UCA1 was verified. The enrichment of histone H3 lysine 27 tri‐methylation (H3K27me3) and EZH2 on the p27 promoter was analysed. ISO treatment increased KLF9 and lncRNA UCA1 expression and decreased p27 expression in cardiomyocytes. KLF9 knockdown inhibited ISO‐induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, reduced ANP and BNP expression, and alleviated cardiomyocyte damage. KLF9 activated lncRNA UCA1 expression. LncRNA UCA1 recruited EZH2 to the p27 promoter region, increasing the enrichment of H3K27me3, thereby epigenetically suppressing p27 expression. LncRNA UCA1 overexpression or p27 downregulation reduced the protective effect of KLF9 downregulation on cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. In conclusion, KLF9 activates lncRNA UCA1 expression, and lncRNA UCA1 epigenetically suppresses p27 expression, thereby exacerbating cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in HOCM.
Computational design of transition metal nitrides (Ti1−xMx)N (M = Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, and W) for coatings
Authors: Kyung Sooah , Kim Hyokyeong , Kwak Jongwook , Kim Jiwoong 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe development of coatings with high‐performance applications such as cutting tools and aerospace fields is essential because high temperatures during machining and processing shorten the lifespan of tools. We investigated the structural information and mechanical properties of (Ti1‐xMx)N (0.0625 ≤ x ≤ 0.125) (M = V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, and W) using ab initio calculation. We provide specific guidance for enhancing the performance of TiN‐based coatings via ab initio calculation. Through this study, we suggest that (Ti0.875W0.125)N, which exhibits the highest hardness, is a suitable candidate for cutting tools and aerospace coating materials.
Dual Uncommon Atrioventricular Connections in a Patient With Wolff‐Parkinson‐White Syndrome
Authors: Bisht Devendra Singh , Kishor Kamal 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundAccessory pathways (APs) from the atrial appendage are uncommon and primarily described on the right side. Furthermore, connections involving the left atrial appendage (LAA) are even rarer.Methods and ResultsThis case report describes a 27‐year‐old female with recurrent supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) due to Wolff‐Parkinson‐White (WPW) syndrome. Electrophysiological evaluation identified dual atrioventricular (AV) connections: one from the LAA and another from the left coronary cusp (LCC).ConclusionThe electrical characteristics of WPW syndrome need a deeper understanding. The retrograde conduction can persist even after successfully eliminating the antegrade conduction.
The Hedgehog–GLI1 Pathway Regulates Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Cervical Posterior Longitudinal Ligament Cells by BMP Signalling Pathway
Authors: Xu Wenbo , Ran Bingbing , Aizawa Toshimi , Liu Wanguo , Zhao Jianhui , Niu Renrui , Liu Zeping , Gu Rui 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTCervical ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) is an ectopic ossification disorder characterised by endochondral ossification. Its aetiology remains to be fully elucidated. This study aimed to clarify its pathogenesis through RNA sequencing of primary cells cultured from patients without cervical OPLL (control, PLL) and patients with cervical OPLL (disease, OPLL). We revealed for the first time the role of GLI1 within OPLL cells. Functional experiments indicated that GLI1, acting as a pivotal mediator between the upstream Hedgehog pathway and downstream BMP pathway, influences the pathogenesis of OPLL. The positive/negative effects on osteogenic differentiation following activation/inhibition of the Hedgehog pathway can be rescued by manipulating GLI1 expression. Overexpression of GLI1 activates BMP signalling, enhancing osteogenic capacity in PLL cells, while GLI1 knockdown suppresses BMP signal transduction, attenuating osteogenic differentiation in OPLL cells. Our findings highlight the significant role of the canonical Hedgehog signalling pathway and its interaction with the BMP pathway in the pathogenesis of OPLL.