bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Role of Microstructure in the Gradient of Tensile Properties through Thickness in 7449 Aluminium Alloy Thick Plate
Authors: Heredero J. A. , Medina J. , Antoranz J. M. , Adeva P. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this article, the yield strength, tensile strength, and the microstructure of the wrought aluminium alloy 7449 rolled thick plate have been studied through thickness under different temper conditions. For all heat treatments, it has been proven that the yield strength and tensile strength values increase from the surface to the centre. The largest difference between the centre and the surface, in both properties, occurs in the case of a sample aged at room temperature for 120 h (TTA temper). The sample artificially aged at 120 °C for 24 h (TTB temper) shows the best strength-gradient relationship of the tensile properties through the thickness. Metallographic characterisation carried out by optical and scanning electron microscopy shows much finer elongated grains in the region near the surface of the plate than in the centre, with incipient recrystallisation in the area near the surface. In addition, electron backscattered diffraction technique, used for micro-texture analysis, has proven the presence of a gradient of crystallography texture in the plate. This explains the yield strength gradient, since the rate of change of the Taylor factor through thickness correlates with the rate of the change of yield strength in the longitudinal direction for the samples studied.
Could Pan-Immune-Inflammation Value be a Marker for the Diagnosis of Coronary Slow Flow Phenomenon?
Authors: Kaplangoray Mustafa , Toprak Kenan , Deveci Edhem , Caglayan Cuneyt , Şahin Ebru 
Published: April 2024

AbstractInflammation plays a key role in the pathogenesis of the coronary slow flow phenomenon (CSFP). The newly developed inflammatory marker, pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV), is associated with adverse cardiovascular events. This study investigated the predictive value of PIV for diagnosing CSFP in comparison to other inflammation-based markers. A total of 214 patients, 109 in the CSFP group and 105 in the normal coronary flow (NCF) group, were retrospectively included in the study. Coronary flow was calculated using the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction frame count method. In addition to PIV, other inflammatory markers such as neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio, platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) were calculated for the patients. The average age of patients was 50.3 ± 8.4, with a male ratio of 55.1%. Compared to the NCF group, patients in the CSFP group had higher levels of hyperlipidemia, glucose, triglyceride, NLR, PLR, SII, and PIV, while their high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), was lower (p < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that HDL-C, glucose, triglyceride, and PIV were independent predictor factors for CSFP (p < 0.05). PIV is a strong and independent predictor factor for CSFP and superior in predicting CSFP compared to other inflammatory markers.
Imaging Findings and Toxicological Mechanisms of Nervous System Injury Caused by Diquat
Authors: Ren Yanguang , Guo Feng , Wang Lin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDiquat (DQ) is a nonselective bipyridine herbicide with a structure resembling paraquat (PQ). In recent years, the utilization of DQ as a substitute for PQ has grown, leading to an increase in DQ poisoning cases. While the toxicity mechanism of DQ remains unclear, it is primarily attributed to the intracellular generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) through the process of reduction oxidation. This results in oxidative stress, leading to a cascade of clinical symptoms. Notably, recent reports on DQ poisoning have highlighted a concerning trend: an upsurge in cases involving neurological damage caused by DQ poisoning. These patients often present with severe illness and a high mortality rate, with no effective treatment available thus far. Imaging findings from these cases have shown that neurological damage tends to concentrate on the brainstem. However, the specific mechanisms behind this poisoning remain unclear, and no specific antidote exists. This review summarizes the research progress on DQ poisoning and explores potential mechanisms. By shedding light on the nerve damage associated with DQ poisoning, we hope to raise awareness, propose new avenues for investigating the mechanisms of DQ poisoning, and lay the groundwork for the development of treatment strategies for DQ poisoning. Trial registration number: 2024PS174K.
Diet of the Invasive Atlantic Blue Crab Callinectes sapidus Rathbun, 1896 (Decapoda, Portunidae) in the Guadalquivir Estuary (Spain)
Authors: Ortega-Jiménez Elena , Cuesta Jose A. , Laiz Irene , González-Ortegón Enrique 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe Atlantic blue crab Callinectes sapidus (Decapoda, Portunidae) Rathbun, 1896 is native to the east coasts of North and South America and has recently expanded its distribution in the non-native range into the Gulf of Cadiz (SW Iberian Peninsula, Europe). Considering the impacts caused by this invasive species in numerous estuarine ecosystems and its generalist feeding behavior, this study aims to provide the first account of the Atlantic blue crab diet on the East Atlantic coast. We studied the species’ feeding habits using stomach content analyses to predict food web interactions and putative impacts. Samples were obtained in the Guadalquivir estuary (SW Spain, Europe), which was colonized in 2017. The main food items identified on their stomach were, fish (49.9%), mollusks (44.4%) and crabs (32.3%). They also consumed plant material (27.2%), and the sediment (32.3%) in their digestive tract was likely the result of secondary ingestion. The Atlantic blue crab exhibited the same omnivorous behavior as in the native area. There was no sexual variation in diet composition or feeding activity in general, but there was a seasonal variation in the diet composition of females. The decrease of the caramote prawn Penaeus kerathurus (Forskål 1775) observed in the Guadalquivir estuary since 2021 is likely not due to the Atlantic blue crab because they seldomly eat this prey. Overall, our study provides clear baseline information to expand the knowledge about the ecological roles of the Atlantic blue crab in non-native ecosystems.
Establishment, characterization, and biobanking of 36 pancreatic cancer organoids: prediction of metastasis in resectable pancreatic cancer
Authors: Kim Soon-Chan , Seo Ha-Young , Lee Ja-Oh , Maeng Ju Eun , Shin Young-Kyoung , Lee Sang Hyub , Jang Jin-Young , Ku Ja-Lok 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Early dissemination of primary pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the main cause of dismal prognosis as it highly limits possible treatment options. A number of PDAC patients experience distant metastasis even after treatment due to the metastatic clones. We aimed to demonstrate the molecular architecture of borderline resectable PDAC manifests cancer dissemination of PDAC.

Methods
Here, 36 organoids isolated from primary tumor masses of PDAC patients with diverse metastatic statues are presented. Whole-exome sequencing and RNA sequencing were performed and drug responses to clinically relevant 18 compounds were assessed.

Results
Our results revealed that borderline resectable PDAC organoids exhibited distinct patterns according to their metastatic potency highlighted by multiple genetic and transcriptional factors and strong variances in drug responses.

Conclusions
These data suggest that the presence of metastatic PDAC can be identified by integrating molecular compositions and drug responses of borderline resectable PDAC.
$${\mathcal {C}}_\alpha -$$helices and $${\mathcal {C}}_\alpha -$$ slant helices in fractional differential geometry
Authors: Has Aykut , Yilmaz Beyhan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this study, the theory of curves is reconstructed with fractional calculus. The condition of a naturally parametrized curve is described, and the orthonormal conformable frame of the naturally parametrized curve at any point is defined. Conformable helix and conformable slant helix curves are defined with the help of conformable frame elements at any point of the conformable curve. The characterizations of these curves are obtained in parallel with the conformable analysis Finally, examples are given for a better understanding of the theories and their drawings are given with the help of Mathematics.
Social network mechanisms of price formation in an artisanal fishing community in Chile
Authors: Pulgar Miroslav , Gómez Sílvia , Molina José Luis 
Published: April 2024

AbstractLocal fish markets play a crucial role in meeting local and regional demand for seafood. However, the underlying social and local processes determining price formation in these markets still need to be clarified. Through ethnographic research of an artisanal fishing community in central Chile focused on the common hake catching (Merluccius gayi gayi), we found that mutual observation and negotiation are the two key social processes of the local economic order. These processes produce two local structures: (a) the fishers’ maritime cliques in the sea and (b) the chain structure in the cove, which combines commercial and community relationships to determine market prices.
Experiment and modelling of texture and sliding direction dependence on finger friction behavior
Authors: Li Yuanzhe , Zhou Xue , Bai Pengpeng , Xiang Zhonghuan , Meng Yonggang , Ma Liran , Tian Yu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHumans rely on their fingers to sense and interact with external environment. Understanding the tribological behavior between finger skin and object surface is crucial for various fields, including tactile perception, product appearance design, and electronic skin research. Quantitatively describing finger frictional behavior is always challenging, given the complex structure of the finger. In this study, the texture and sliding direction dependence of finger skin friction was quantified based on explicit mathematic models. The proposed double-layer model of finger skin effectively described the nonlinear elastic response of skin and predicted the scaling-law of effective elastic modulus with contact radius. Additionally, the skin friction model on textured surface considering adhesion and deformation factors was established. It revealed that adhesive term dominated finger friction behavior in daily life, and suggested that object texture size mainly influenced friction-induced vibrations rather than the average friction force. Combined with digital image correlation (DIC) technique, the effect of sliding direction on finger friction was analyzed. It was found that the anisotropy in finger friction was governed by the finger’s ratchet pawl structure, which also contributes to enhanced stick-slip vibrations in the distal sliding direction. The proposed friction models can offer valuable insights into the underlying mechanism of skin friction under various operating conditions, and can provide quantitative guidance for effectively encoding friction into haptics.
Biomechanical energy harvesting technologies for wearable electronics: Theories and devices
Authors: Li Xiaowen , Zeng Xu , Li Junwei , Li Boyuan , Chen Yu , Zhang Xiaosheng 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWearable biomechanical energy harvesting devices have received a lot of attention recently, benefiting from the rapid advancement of theories and devices in the field of the micro electromechanical system (MEMS). They not only fulfil the requirements for powering wearable electronic devices but also provide an attractive prospect for powering self-powered flexible electronic devices when wearing. In this article, we provide a review of the theories and devices of biomechanical energy harvesting technology for wearable applications. Three different forms of biomechanical energy harvesting mechanisms, including the piezoelectric effect, electromagnetic effect, and electrostatic effect, are investigated in detail. The fundamental principle of converting other types of energy from the biomechanical environment into electrical energy, as well as the most commonly-used analytical theoretical models, are outlined for each process. Therefore, the features, properties, and applications of energy harvesting devices are summarized. In addition, the coupled multi-effect hybrid energy harvesting devices are listed, showing the various possibilities of biomechanical energy harvesting devices for serving as sources, sensors, and actuators. Finally, we present perspectives on the future trends of biomechanical energy harvesting devices for wearable electronics applications.
Decentralized multi-agent cooperation via adaptive partner modeling
Authors: Xu Chenhang , Wang Jia , Zhu Xiaohui , Yue Yong , Zhou Weifeng , Liang Zhixuan , Wojtczak Dominik 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMulti-agent reinforcement learning encounters a non-stationary challenge, where agents concurrently update their policies, leading to changes in the environment. Existing approaches have tackled this challenge through communication among agents to obtain their partners’ actions, but this introduces computational complexity known as partner sample complexity. An alternative approach is to develop partner models that generate samples instead of direct communication to mitigate this complexity. However, a discrepancy arises between the real policies distribution and the policy of partner models, termed as model bias, which can significantly impact performance when heavily relying on partner models. In order to achieve a trade-off between sample complexity and performance, a novel multi-agent model-based reinforcement learning algorithm called decentralized adaptive partner modeling (DAPM) is proposed, which utilizes fictitious self play (FSP) to construct partner models and update policies. Model bias is addressed by establishing an upper bound to restrict the usage of partner models. Coupled with that, an adaptive rollout approach is introduced, enabling real agents to dynamically communicate with partner models based on their quality, ensuring that agent performance can progressively improve with partner model samples. The effectiveness of DAPM is exhibited in two multi-agent tasks, showing that DAPM outperforms existing model-free algorithms in terms of partner sample complexity and training stability. Specifically, DAPM requires 28.5% fewer communications compared to the best baseline and exhibits reduced fluctuations in the learning curve, indicating superior performance.
Multi-behavior collaborative contrastive learning for sequential recommendation
Authors: Chen Yuzhe , Cao Qiong , Huang Xianying , Zou Shihao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSequential recommendation (SR) predicts the user’s future preferences based on the sequence of interactions. Recently, some methods for SR have utilized contrastive learning to incorporate self-supervised signals into SR to alleviate the data sparsity problem. Despite these achievements, they overlook the fact that users’ multi-behavior interactions in real-world scenarios (e.g., page view, favorite, add to cart, and purchase). Moreover, they disregard the temporal dependencies in users’ preferences and their influence on attribute information, leading to models that struggle to accurately capture users’ personalized preferences. Therefore, we propose a multi-behavior collaborative contrastive learning for sequential recommendation model. First, we introduce both user-side and item-side attribute information and design an attribute-weight-enhanced attention in multi-behavior interaction scenarios. It enhances the model’s ability to capture user’s multi-behavior preferences while considering the influence of attribute information. Second, in order to capture users’ fine-grained temporal preferences. We divide the interaction sequences into different time scales based on the users’ multi-behavior interaction timestamps. In addition, introduce temporal aware attention to generate temporal embeddings for different time scales and effectively integrate them with the user’s multi-behavior embeddings. Finally, we design collaborative contrastive learning, which collaboratively captures users’ multi-behavior personalized preferences from both temporal and attribute perspectives. This approach alleviates the issue of data sparsity. We conduct extensive experiments on two datasets to validate the effectiveness and superiority of our model.
Externalisation of Migration Control: Impunity or Accountability for Human Rights Violations?
Authors: Pijnenburg Annick 
Published: April 2024

AbstractExternalisation and the human rights violations it entails have received much attention in recent years from both advocates and academics. Since a key aspect of externalisation consists in people on the move staying in the Global South, the locus of litigation has broadened from externalising states in the Global North to also include accountability mechanisms in the Global South. Therefore, this article seeks to answer the following question: to what extent do the international and regional human rights regimes provide accountability mechanisms for violations of the human rights of people on the move in the context of externalisation? It does so through a comparison of externalisation policies in three different regions: the Mediterranean, North America and the Pacific. In each region, the analysis focuses on cooperation between an externalising state in the Global North and a neighbouring state in the Global South to illustrate the differences and similarities between the various contexts: Australia and Indonesia, the United States and Mexico, and Italy and Libya. For each context, the analysis examines the policies implemented by externalising states and their effect on the human rights of people on the move as well as states’ substantive and procedural human rights commitments under the applicable international and regional human rights regimes. While there is no ‘one size fits all’, it shows that there are only limited accountability mechanisms available to people on the move affected by the externalisation of migration control.
The fungal predominance in stem collar necroses of Fraxinus excelsior: a study on Hymenoscyphus fraxineus multilocus genotypes
Authors: Peters Sandra , Gruschwitz Nina , Bien Steffen , Fuchs Sebastian , Bubner Ben , Blunk Viktoria , Langer Gitta Jutta , Langer Ewald Johannes 
Published: April 2024

AbstractOver the past decades, European ash trees in Germany have been affected by ash dieback, reducing their vigour and mechanical resistance. Those trees that also have stem collar necroses and the resulting stem rot are particularly affected. In this study, multilocus genotypes (MLGs) of Hymenoscyphus fraxineus and their interactions with other fungi from stem collar necroses were analysed. Ten ash trees from three different adjacent forest stands in central Germany were sampled. A total number of 716 isolates were obtained from stem collar necroses from these ten trees. Microsatellite analysis was successfully performed on 274 isolates identified as H. fraxineus and 26 MLGs were revealed. The number of MLGs varied from one to seven per tree and did not correspond to the number or severity of necroses. A striking result was that five of the MLGs occurred in two trees. All other MLGs occurred independently in only one tree, as expected. Our data show that when multiple MLGs were observed in a tree, one of the MLGs outnumbered the others, indicating that H. fraxineus is a primary coloniser of stem collar necroses. A total of 61 morphotypes, including H. fraxineus, were identified and discussed, comprising endophytic, saprotrophic and pathogenic fungi. Between five and 19 different fungi were found per stem collar necrosis. The majority of all isolated morphotypes were Ascomycota (82%), with the most common orders being Xylariales and Hypocreales. The most frequently isolated morphotypes, apart from H. fraxineus, were Armillaria sp. and Diplodia fraxini. Together they account for more than three quarters of all assigned isolations. Apart from H. fraxineus, only Diplodia fraxini was isolated from all ten trees.
Can Social Media Reach Isolated Domestic Abuse Victims? Evidence from a Randomized Control Trial During the Covid-19 Lockdown
Authors: Grogger Jeffrey , Ivandić Ria , Kirchmaier Tom 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Research Questions
Can social media reach isolated domestic abuse victims? Secondly, does providing victims with more information and a safer means of contacting police change their likelihood of domestic abuse reporting?

Data
This research is based on high-frequency and confidential administrative data on the population of domestic abuse calls during the period of the Covid-19 pandemic but also the preceding years from two police forces—the Thames Valley Police (TVP) and the Metropolitan Police Service (MPS).

Methods
To answer the research questions, we ran a randomized control trial (RCT) using a novel social media campaign promoting a method of reporting through Facebook and Instagram. We randomized the treatment across geographic areas in one police force and across individuals in another police force.

Findings
We found that while social media is an effective tool for engaging on domestic abuse topics, particularly with younger individuals, our intention-to-treat estimates between the treatment and control areas and individuals did not show any significant difference in domestic abuse reporting. One of the reasons to explain this finding was the geographically imprecise social media targeting features on Facebook.

Conclusions
Our research contributes to the scarce experimental literature on how to increase domestic abuse reporting among victims with, to the best of our knowledge, the first randomized test of the effects of a social media campaign on engagement and reporting. As police forces across the UK, but also worldwide, start using social media more to engage with the citizens they serve, these results provide interesting and valuable implications for their effectiveness and the role of technology in the future policing. Our results contribute to the understanding of how police forces can use social media to reach specific groups of people, such as younger cohorts.
Geochemical, ecological, and health risk assessment of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in the surrounding soil of a cement plant
Authors: Sulaiman Mohammad Bashir , Okoye Chukwuma O. B. , Asegbeloyin Jonnie N. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCement plants are the major anthropogenic sources of potentially toxic elements (PTEs), which are generated from the processing of raw materials and combustion of fossil fuels. This study determined the PTE concentration and assessed the geochemical, ecological, and health risks associated with the activities in the Ashaka cement plant, Bajoga, Nigeria. Soil samples were collected between 2019 and 2020, and analyzed by ICP-OES for 20 PTEs. The data obtained were statistically evaluated for descriptive and inferential statistics. The mean concentrations of PTEs were in the declined order of Al > Fe > Mn > Zn > Ti > Ba > Sr > Pb > Cu > V > Cr > Ni > As > Sc > Mo > Hg > Cd > Se > Sb > Co. Multivariate analysis revealed that the main sources of PTEs might be related to anthropogenic activities from the cement plant. The geochemical load index (GLI) values obtained range from unpolluted to moderate. The ecological risk ranged from 4.74 × 10–3 to 8.00 × 100, and the overall risk index indicated low contamination for the investigated elements. The hazard index (HI) was < 1, suggesting non-probable non-carcinogenic effects. However, children were more susceptible to risk than adults, and the cancer risk (CR) values of Cd for children and adults were higher than the threshold level of 1.0 × 10–4, which suggests probable development of cancer risk for residents.