bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The interleukin‐1 receptor in normal and osteoarthritic human articular chondrocytes. Identification as the type I receptor and analysis of binding kinetics and biologic function
Authors: Martel‐Pelletier Johanne , Mccollum Robert , Dibattista John , Faure Marie‐Pierre , Chin Jayne A. , Fournier Sylvie , Sarfati Marika , Pelletier Jean‐Pierre 
Published: March 2007

AbstractObjective. To identify and investigate the kinetic binding properties of interleukin‐1 receptors (IL‐1R), and examine the abilities of the 2 IL‐1 isoforms to stimulate metalloprotease synthesis, in normal and osteoarthritic (OA) chondrocytes.Methods. Receptor affinity and density were determined using radioligand binding experiments and flow cytometry. Immunocytochemical analysis and affinity cross‐linking studies were performed for characterization of IL‐1R.Results. While no difference in receptor affinity between normal and OA chondrocytes was noted in binding studies (kd ˜30 pM), a 2‐fold increase in receptor density was found in OA chondrocytes as compared with normal chondrocytes (mean 4,069 sites/cell versus 2,315 sites/cell). Flow cytometry experiments also showed a significant increase in receptor density in OA cells, as well as an enhancement in the percentage of positive cells in diseased cartilage compared with normal. Binding data for both IL‐1 isoforms revealed a single class of binding sites and receptor specificity. Factors such as IL‐2, interferon‐sγ, tumor necrosis factor α, and bovine insulin did not compete with IL‐1β. By covalent ligand cross‐linking and electrophoretic analysis, only type I IL‐1R, a protein of 80 kd, was detected on chondrocytes. By immunocytochemical analysis, IL‐1R was identified at the cell membrane level, in both normal and OA chondrocytes. The presence of nuclear staining was also observed, but only in OA chondrocytes. Recombinant human IL‐1 (α and β) induced the secretion of stromelysin and collagenase in a dose‐dependent manner. The IL‐1 concentration required for half‐maximal metalloprotease stimulation was 3–4 times lower in OA chondrocytes than in normal cells.Conclusion. These results indicate that OA chondrocytes have a higher sensitivity to the stimulation of metalloprotease synthesis by IL‐1 than do normal cells. This could be related to the increased levels of IL‐1R expressed in the OA cells. The implications of these findings with regard to the possible roles of IL‐1 and IL‐1R in the pathogenesis of OA are discussed.
Treatment of acute pancreatitis with fresh frozen plasma
Authors: Cuschieri A , Wood R A B , Cumming J R G , Meehan S E , Mackie C R 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
A consecutive series of 239 patients experiencing 336 separate attacks of acute pancreatitis have been treated with fresh frozen plasma during the first 5 days of the illness. Using established criteria, 96 attacks occurring in 69 patients were judged to be severe at the time of admission. The overall mortality was 3·7 per cent per patient population and 2·7 per cent per total number of separate attacks. Four of 69 patients with severe pancreatitis (5·8 per cent) have died and the mortality rate for the 96 severe attacks was 4·2 per cent. No complications which could be directly attributed to fresh frozen plasma were encountered in the series. The results of this prospective pilot study with naturally occurring human proteinase inhibitors have been encouraging and indicate the need for randomized clinical trials.
An abdominal extraperitoneal approach for the incarcerated inguinal hernia of infancy
Authors: Jones P F , Towns G M 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Incarcerated inguinal hernias in infancy often present considerable technical problems when approached through the inguinal canal. The advantages and technique of an abdominal extraperitoneal approach are described, and results show this approach to be safer for the patient and easier for the surgeon.
Predictors of carotid stent restenosis
Authors: Younis George A. , Gupta Kamal , Mortazavi Ali , Strickman Neil E. , Krajcer Zvonimir , Perin Emerson , Achari Arup 
Published: March 2007

AbstractObjectives: We sought to determine the predictors of restenosis after carotid artery stenting and report alternatives for its management. Background: Carotid artery stenting has been increasingly accepted as an alternative to carotid endarterectomy (CEA). Predictors of carotid stent restenosis have not been firmly established, and management of restenotic lesions can be challenging. Methods: A retrospective, single‐center review was conducted of 399 carotid stent procedures in 363 patients over 9 years, with a mean follow‐up of 24 months (range 6–99 months). Clinical variables included age, gender, symptoms, hypertension, diabetes, tobacco use, renal insufficiency, coronary artery disease, hyperlipidemia, peripheral vascular disease, history of CEA, and history of neck radiation (XRT). Angiographic variables included reference vessel diameter, lesion length, poststenting residual stenosis, stent diameter, type of stent, and number of stents. Results: Overall, restenosis occurred in 15 patients (3.8%). However, the restenosis occurred in 7 of 35 (20%) patients who had previous XRT, 6 of 57 (10.5%) patients who had previous CEA, and 2 of 9 (22%) patients who previously had both CEA and XRT. The only analyzed variables that were significantly associated with an increased risk of restenosis were previous CEA (OR 4.28, P = 0.008) or XRT (OR 11.3, P ≤≤ 0.0001). Restenosis was most often asymptomatic and detected at routine ultrasound follow‐up. Restenotic lesions were successfully treated in 11/11 cases with angioplasty (27%) or stenting (73%). Four patients that are asymptomatic are being monitored closely with ultrasound. No patients required surgical therapy for restenosis. Conclusions: Restenosis after carotid stenting is uncommon; however, patients with previous CEA or XRT are at increased risk. Restenotic lesions may be safely treated with further percutaneous interventions. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Clinical outcomes three years after PLAATO implantation
Authors: El‐Chami Mikhael F. , Grow Parker , Eilen Dana , Lerakis Stamatios , Block Peter C. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractBackground: The percutaneous left atrial appendage transcatheter occlusion system (PLAATO) is an alternative to coumadin in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and contraindications to anticoagulation. It appears to be protective against stroke in intermediate follow‐up studies. Hypothesis: The PLAATO system is protective against stroke and is safe in long‐term follow‐up. Methods: Eleven patients (age 72 ± 9 years) enrolled in the PLAATO feasibility and safety trial at our institution were followed (36 ± 1.4) months. All patients had contraindications to anticoagulation and had at least one risk factor for stroke. The predicted stroke risk for this cohort was 8.6% per year as calculated using the CHADS2 score (A validated scoring system assigning 1 point for CHF, hypertension, diabetes, and age >75 years, and 2 points for history of stroke). The primary end‐point was the incidence of stroke, and secondary end points were complications related to PLAATO device and systemic embolic events. Results: There was one stroke during follow‐up; the stroke risk in our population was 3% per year. Interestingly, the observed stroke risk in these patients after occluding the left atrial appendage is comparable to what would have been observed with warfarin. No systemic embolic events were noted in our cohort and no long term complications related to PLAATO were seen. Conclusion: The PLAATO device decreases the risk of stroke in a high‐risk cohort of AF patients. Furthermore, the safety of this device is confirmed during this long‐term follow‐up study. A larger trial is needed to validate these findings. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Catalytic Addition of Amine NH Bonds to Carbodiimides by Half‐Sandwich Rare‐Earth Metal Complexes: Efficient Synthesis of Substituted Guanidines through Amine Protonolysis of Rare‐Earth Metal Guanidinates
Authors: Zhang Wen‐Xiong , Nishiura Masayoshi , Hou Zhaomin 
Published: March 2007

AbstractReaction of [Ln(CH2SiMe3)3(thf)2] (Ln=Y, Yb, and Lu) with one equivalent of Me2Si(C5Me4H)NHR′ (R′=Ph, 2,4,6‐Me3C6H2, tBu) affords straightforwardly the corresponding half‐sandwich rare‐earth metal alkyl complexes [{Me2Si(C5Me4)(NR′)}Ln(CH2SiMe3)(thf)n] (1: Ln = Y, R′ = Ph, n=2; 2: Ln = Y, R′ = C6H2Me3‐2,4,6, n=1; 3: Ln = Y, R′ = tBu, n=1; 4: Ln = Yb, R′ = Ph, n=2; 5: Ln = Lu, R′ = Ph, n=2) in high yields. These complexes, especially the yttrium complexes 1–3, serve as excellent catalyst precursors for the catalytic addition of various primary and secondary amines to carbodiimides, efficiently yielding a series of guanidine derivatives with a wide range of substituents on the nitrogen atoms. Functional groups such as CN, CCH, and aromatic CX (X: F, Cl, Br, I) bonds can survive the catalytic reaction conditions. A primary amino group can be distinguished from a secondary one by the catalyst system, and therefore, the reaction of 1,2,3,4‐tetrahydro‐5‐aminoisoquinoline with iPrNCNiPr can be achieved stepwise first at the primary amino group to selectively give the monoguanidine 38, and then at the cyclic secondary amino unit to give the biguanidine 39. Some key reaction intermediates or true catalyst species, such as the amido complexes [{Me2Si(C5Me4)(NPh)}Y(NEt2)(thf)2] (40) and [{Me2Si(C5Me4)(NPh)}Y(NHC6H4Br‐4)(thf)2] (42), and the guanidinate complexes [{Me2Si(C5Me4)(NPh)}Y{iPrNC(NEt2)(NiPr)}(thf)] (41) and [{Me2Si(C5Me4)(NPh)}Y{iPrN}C(NC6H4Br‐4)(NHiPr)}(thf)] (44) have been isolated and structurally characterized. Reactivity studies on these complexes suggest that the present catalytic formation of a guanidine compound proceeds mechanistically through nucleophilic addition of an amido species, formed by acid–base reaction between a rare‐earth metal alkyl bond and an amine NH bond, to a carbodiimide, followed by amine protonolysis of the resultant guanidinate species.
Theoretical Study of the Reaction of Vitamin B6 with 1O2
Authors: Matxain Jon M. , Ristilä Mikael , Strid Åke , Eriksson Leif A. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractSinglet oxygen is known to cause oxidative stress in cells, leading to severe damage (e.g., lipid peroxidation, membrane degradation, mutagenic alterations to DNA, protein misfunctionality). Recently, pyridoxine has been discovered to be capable of quenching singlet oxygen, however, the mechanism of this reaction remains essentially unknown. In this work, we have investigated four sets of reactions: 1) 1,3‐addition to a double bond connected to a hydrogen‐carrying group, resulting in the formation of allylic hydroperoxides; 2) [π2+π2] 1,2‐cycloaddition to an isolated double bond, resulting in the formation of 1,2‐peroxides; 3) 1,4‐cycloaddition to a system containing at least two conjugated double bonds, resulting in the formation of the so‐called 1,4‐peroxides; 4) 1,4‐addition to phenols and naphthols with the formation of hydroperoxide ketones. Thermodynamically, reaction 4 and the 6(9), 3(8), and 5(8) cases of reaction 1 are the most exergonic ones, with energies ranging from −16 to −18 kcal mol−1. Furthermore, reaction 4 shows the lowest barrier through the reaction path, and is predicted to be the preferred mechanism for the pyridoxine + singlet‐oxygen reaction, which is in agreement with previous experimental results.
Pulmonary manifestations in patients with cutaneous T‐cell lymphomas
Authors: Baser Sevin , Onn Amir , Lin E , Morice Rodolfo C. , Duvic Madeleine 
Published: March 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND.Lungs are among the most common organs of extranodal involvement by cutaneous T‐cell lymphomas (CTCLs), yet the magnitude of lung involvement is not clear, and only a few case reports have addressed this issue to date. The objective of this study was to present the authors' observations on how to recognize lung involvement by CTCL and evaluate the clinical and radiologic differences between involvement of the lungs by CTCL and by pneumonia.METHODS.A retrospective analysis was conducted of all 710 patients with confirmed CTCL who presented to The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center between January 1996 and January 2005. Demographics, tumor characteristics, respiratory symptoms, thoracic imaging, microbiology, and laboratory studies were reviewed.RESULTS.During the 9‐year period that was studied, 122 patients presented with pulmonary radiologic abnormalities, including 67 patients who also had respiratory symptoms. Pneumonia (n = 27 patients) or lung involvement (n = 6 patients) in patients with CTCL were associated with high mortality rates (hazard ratio, 1.82; 95% confidence interval, 1.08–3.07%; P = .026). The pathogens that were isolated from lower respiratory cultures were Staphylococcus aureus (n = 4 patients), Aspergillus fumigatus (n = 2 patients), Mycobacterium avium‐intracellulare (n = 2 patients), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 1 patient), respiratory syncytial virus (n = 1 patient), and Candida parapsilosis (n = 1 patient). Most of the radiologic findings in patients with pneumonia were opacities. Six patients had involvement of lung by CTCL, and most common radiologic pulmonary findings were either a solitary nodule or multiple progressing pulmonary nodules.CONCLUSIONS.Pneumonia and lung involvement by CTCL are relatively rare but portend poor survival. Thus, patients with CTCL should be evaluated thoroughly with thoracic imaging when they experience respiratory symptoms. Cancer 2007. © 2007 American Cancer Society.
Telangiectatic osteosarcoma: The St. Jude Children's Research Hospital's experience
Authors: Weiss Aaron , Khoury Joseph D. , Hoffer Fredric A. , Wu Jianrong , Billups Catherine A. , Heck Robert K. , Quintana Juan , Poe Debbie , Rao Bhaskar N. , Daw Najat C. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND.Telangiectatic osteosarcoma (TOS) is a rare subtype of osteosarcoma (OS). The authors reviewed their experience with TOS to characterize its histologic, radiologic, and clinical features.METHODS.The authors reviewed records, pathology material, and imaging studies from all patients with TOS who were treated between 1978 and 2005 and compared their outcomes with the outcomes of patients with all other subtypes of high‐grade osteosarcoma (OS).RESULTS.Among 323 patients with OS, 22 patients (6.8%) had TOS. Two additional patients who were treated in Chile on a recent OS trial were included. The median age at diagnosis of the 24 patients was 15.7 years. Four patients (17%) had metastatic disease, and 9 of 21 patients (43%) had pathologic fractures. Only 5 patients (who were treated after 1994) underwent limb‐salvage surgery. Estimatesof 5‐year event‐free survival (58.3% ± 11.9%) and overall survival (66.8% ± 11.6%) were similar to those for patients with other OS subtypes (P ≥ .85). The absence of local disease progression and chemotherapy with ≥3 agents that were active against OS were correlated with improved outcome (P ≤ .005). The presence of a pathologic fracture was not associated with surgery type or patient outcome.CONCLUSIONS.TOS was associated with a high rate of pathologic fracture. With multimodality therapy, the outcome of patients with TOS was similar to that of patients with other high‐grade OS subtypes. The absence of local disease progression and chemotherapy with ≥3 active agents were associated with a favorable outcome. Cancer 2007. © 2007 American Cancer Society.
Molecular diagnostic testing as an adjunct to morphologic evaluation of pancreatic ductal system brushings: Potential augmentation for diagnostic sensitivity
Authors: Willmore‐Payne Carlynn , Volmar Keith E. , Huening Michael A. , Holden Joseph A. , Layfield Lester J. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractMalignancies arising from the pancreatic and biliary ductal systems present the gastroenterologist and pathologist with diagnostic challenges. Tumors of the pancreatic and/or biliary ductal system may present as either duct strictures or mass lesions. When lesions present as strictures without associated demonstrable masses, brushing cytology may represent the only reasonable diagnostic technique aside from open biopsy. Diagnostic sensitivities for brushing cytology have ranged from 18 to 90%. Positive diagnoses of malignancy are of great clinical value but a negative result is of relatively little clinical aid when the radiographic or clinical findings are suspicious for a malignancy.A variety of techniques have been used in an attempt to improve diagnostic sensitivity for brushing cytology. These have included immunohistochemistry and various molecular diagnostic techniques. Using the high resolution melting curve technique, we performed mutational analysis on 20 bile duct brushing specimens for mutations in p53, K‐ras, BRAF, and EGFR genes. Eleven specimens had corresponding surgical specimens, which were similarly analyzed. Our series included twelve adenocarcinomas, one islet cell tumor, one case of dysplasia, and six benign cases. K‐ras mutations were found in cytology specimens of 3 out of 12 malignancies. No EGFR or B‐raf mutations were detected and only a single p53 mutation in an adenocarcinoma was detected in the corresponding cytology specimen. No mutations were detected in benign lesions or in the dysplasia. Only 8% of specimens from adenocarcinomas had p53 mutations and only 33% of cases had K‐ras mutations. Mutational analysis did not appear to improve the cytologic detection of adenocarcinoma by bile duct brushings. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2007;35:218–224. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Primary pleural epithelioid hemangioendothelioma with rhabdoid phenotype: Report and review of the literature
Authors: Saqi Anjali , Nisbet Lynn , Gagneja Priti , Leslie Kevin O. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractEpithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is a rare malignant vascular tumor described in diverse locations including lung and liver. Relative to these sites, primary EHE of the serous cavities is uncommon. EHE in the serous cavities mimics mesothelioma and adenocarcinoma clinically, radiographically, cytologically, and histologically. EHEs have plasmacytoid epithelioid cells with cytoplasmic vacuoles. In addition to these features, we noted eccentric nuclei with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm and nuclei displaced peripherally by globular cytoplasmic inclusions imparting a ‘rhabdoid’ phenotype. These cells were often seen surrounding a hyaline core. Rhabdoid features are not unique to a single entity, and a comprehensive immunohistochemical panel is essential. We report the occurrence of pleural EHE with rhabdoid features presenting in a pleural effusion, and review the literature of primary serosal EHEs. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2007;35:203–208. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
High precursor frequency of human T cells reactive to HLA‐DQ molecules expressed on mouse L cell transfectants
Authors: Fujisawa Kazuhiko , Kamikawaji Nobuhiro , Yasunami Michio , Kimura Akinori , Nishimura Yasuharu , Sasazuki Takehiko 
Published: March 2007

AbstractIn humans, the HLA‐DR molecule is a major stimulatory molecule of allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reactions (MLR) and a major restriction molecule for the presentation of soluble antigens to the T cell. Little is known of the biological function of HLA‐DQ. To examine the size of the repertoire of precursor T cells recognizing the autologous or allogeneic HLA‐DQ molecule, the frequency of T cells reactive to HLA‐DQ was estimated in comparison with T cells reactive to HLA‐DR. We made use of a limiting dilution analysis and mouse L cells transfectants expressing the HLA‐DR or ‐DQ molecule, as stimulators. Human T cells recovered from a primary MLR stimulated with allogeneic peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) proliferated in response to L cell transfectants expressing HLA class II genes shared by the stimulator cells in the primary MLR. This observation suggested that the HLA class II molecules on L cell transfectants shared to some extent epitopes for alloreactive T cells with those expressed on human PBL. The precursor frequencies of CD4+ T cells reactive to allogeneic or autologous DQ molecules were as high as those of T cells reactive to allogeneic DR molecules and were estimated to be 1/800 ∼ 1/1800. The frequency of the T cells reactive to autologous DR molecules was low (1/7200 ∼ 1/16000). The biological significance of the high frequency of HLA‐DQ‐reactive precursor T cells is discussed.
Cascade modulation by anti‐tumor necrosis factor monoclonal antibody of interferon‐γ, interleukin 3 and interleukin 6 release after triggering of the CD33/T cell receptor activation pathway
Authors: Ferran Christiane , Dy Michel , Sheehan Kathleen , Schreiber Robert , Grau Georges , Bluestone Jeffrey , Bach Jean‐Francois , Chatenoud Lucienne 
Published: March 2007

AbstractIn addition to being potent immunosuppressants, anti‐CD3 monoclonal antibodies (mAb) are powerful mitogens in both humans and mice. The first antibody injection consistently induced an initial monocyte‐dependent T cell activation with subsequent release of both monocyte‐ and T cell‐derived cytokines (mainly tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ), interleukin (IL) 2, IL 3 and IL 6) into the circulation. This cytokine release is associated with a self‐limiting, often severe, acute physical reaction in both patients and mice. We report here that a single injection of anti‐TNF mAb prior to anti‐CD3 administration not only neutralizes the biological activity of TNF but also strongly affects the release of other cytokines, with notably an up‐regulation of IFN‐γ release and a down‐regulation of IL 3 and IL 6 release. Conversely, pretreatment with anti‐IFN‐γ mAb increases IL 3 and IL 6 production but does not affect TNF levels. Taken together, these data point to a pivotal role of IFN‐γ in the anti‐CD3‐induced cytokine cascade and reveal new regulatory pathways between TNF and IFN‐γ.With regard to the clinical implications of these findings, as anti‐TNF mAb prevents anti‐CD3‐induced sickness in mice, whereas anti‐IFN‐γ does not, such a therapeutic approach might be of value in OKT3‐treated patients.
Igh‐1b‐specific CD4+CD8− T cell clones of the Th1 subset selectively suppress the Igh‐1b allotype in vivo
Authors: Bartnes Kristian , Hannestad Kristian 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe demonstration of major histocompatibility complex (MHC)‐restricted T helper (Th) cells specific for peptides from the variable (V) regions of syngeneic immunoglobulin (Ig) (idiopeptides) opens the possibility that Th, cells regulate B cell functions via idiopeptide‐based cognate T‐B interactions. As a model for such interactions we investigated the influence of Ig allotype‐specific T cells on the differentiation of H‐2‐syngeneic B cells expressing that particular Ig allotype. We established a BALB/c (H‐2d, Iga) CD4+CD8− T cell line and clones of the Th1 subset (interleukin 2+, interleukin 4−, interferon‐γ+, tumor necrosis factor‐α+) that recognized Igh‐1 (IgG2a) of the b allotype (Igh‐1b) together with I‐Ad. These T cells specifically suppressed surface Igh‐1b+ B cells in vitro and in vivo. In 12 out of 15 6‐week‐old (BALB/c × B10.D2)F1 mice neonatally injected with Igh‐1b‐specific T cells, the serum Igh‐1b concentrations were < 5% of the levels in the controls. Thus, allotype suppression can be accomplished solely by adoptive transfer of Igh‐1b‐specific CD4+ T cells. The in vivo suppression was specific for Igh‐1b+ B cells as the recipients' levels of Igh‐1a and Igh‐4b (IgG1b) were unaffected. The Vβ14‐specific anti‐T cell receptor (TcR) monoclonal antibody 14‐2 inhibited activation of hybridomas derived from two of the clones. Collectively the data indicate that suppression resulted from cognate interactions between allopeptide‐specific TcR α/ß+ T cells and normal unmanipulated B lymphocytes presenting their endogenous Igh‐1b in association with MHC class II molecules. The data support the possibility that normal B cells can be suppressed by idiopeptide‐specific T cells in vivo.