bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the association between initial proteinuria and morbidity rate or death in dogs with naturally occurring chronic renal failure
Authors: Jacob Frédéric , Polzin David J. , Osborne Carl A. , Neaton James D. , Kirk Claudia A. , Allen Timothy A. , Swanson Laurie L. 
Published: December 2005

Abstract

Objective—To determine whether urine protein-to-creatinine
ratio (UP:C) ≥ 1.0 at initial diagnosis of
chronic renal failure (CRF) is associated with greater
risk of development of uremic crises, death, and progression
of renal failure in dogs.

Design—Prospective cohort study.

Animals—45 dogs with CRF.

Procedure—Dogs were prospectively assigned to 2
groups on the basis of initial UP:C < 1.0 or ≥ 1.0. The
association between magnitude of proteinuria and
development of uremic crises and death was determined
before and after dogs with initial UP:C ≥ 1.0
were assigned to 3 subgroups and compared with
dogs with initial UP:C < 1.0. Changes in reciprocal
serum creatinine concentration were used to estimate
decrease in renal function.

Results—Initially, dogs had similar clinical characteristics
with the exception of systolic blood pressure
and UP:C. Relative risks of development of uremic
crises and death were approximately 3 times higher
in dogs with UP:C ≥ 1.0, compared with dogs with
UP:C < 1.0. Relative risk of adverse outcome was
approximately 1.5 times higher for every 1-unit increment
in UP:C. The decrease in renal function was of
greater magnitude in dogs with UP:C ≥ 1.0, compared
with dogs with UP:C < 1.0.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Initial UP:C
≥ 1.0 in dogs with CRF was associated with greater
risk of development of uremic crises and death, compared
with dogs with UP:C < 1.0. Initial determinations
of UP:C in dogs with naturally occurring CRF
may be of value in refining prognoses. (J Am Vet Med
Assoc 2005;226:393–400)
Farm characteristics and management practices associated with development of Rhodococcus equi pneumonia in foals
Authors: Cohen Noah D. , O'Conor Michael S. , Chaffin M. Keith , Martens Ronald J. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To identify farm characteristics and management practices associated with development ofRhodococcus equipneumonia in foals.Design—Prospective case-control study.Animals—5,230 foals on 138 breeding farms with 9,136 horses.Procedure—During 2003, participating veterinarians provided data from 1 or 2 farms with ≥ 1 foal withR equipneumonia and unaffected farms. Data from affected and unaffected farms were compared by use of logistic regression analysis.Results—A number of variables relating to farm size and desirable management practices were significantly associated with increased odds of farms being affected withR equipneumonia. By use of multivariate logistic regression, affected farms were determined significantly more likely to have raised Thoroughbreds, housed ≥ 15 foals, used concrete floors in foaling stalls, and tested foals for passive transfer of immunity than unaffected farms. These results remained significant even after accounting for exposure of foals to other breeding farms during the first month of life.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Breeding farms with large acreage and a large number of mares and foals have greater odds of being affected byR equipneumonia. Clinical relevance of associations with Thoroughbred breed and concrete flooring in foaling stalls remains uncertain. Desirable management factors commonly used on farms were not effective for controlling or preventing development ofR equipneumonia. This finding indicates a need to focus on host factors that influence disease development. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;226:404–413)
Evaluation of the analgesic effects of phenylbutazone administered at a high or low dosage in horses with chronic lameness
Authors: Hu Helen H. , MacAllister Charles G. , Payton Mark E. , Erkert Ronald S. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To compare analgesic effects of phenylbutazone administered at a dosage of 4.4 mg/kg/d (2 mg/lb/d) or 8.8 mg/kg/d (4 mg/lb/d) in horses with chronic lameness.Design—Controlled crossover study.Animals—9 horses with chronic forelimb lameness.Procedure—Horses were treated IV with phenylbutazone (4.4 mg/kg/d or 8.8 mg/kg/d) or saline (0.9% NaCl) solution once daily for 4 days. All horses received all 3 treatments with a minimum of 14 days between treatments. Mean peak vertical force (mPVF) was measured and clinical lameness scores were assigned before initiation of each treatment and 6, 12, and 24 hours after the final dose for each treatment.Results—Compared with values obtained after administration of saline solution, mPVF was significantly increased at all posttreatment evaluation times when phenylbutazone was administered. Clinical lameness scores were significantly decreased 6 and 12 hours after administration of the final dose when phenylbutazone was administered at the low or high dosage but were significantly decreased 24 hours after treatment only when phenylbutazone was administered at the high dosage. No significant differences in mPVF and clinical lameness scores were found at any time when phenylbutazone was administered at the low versus high dosage.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest that the high dosage of phenylbutazone was not associated with greater analgesic effects, in terms of mPVF or lameness score, than was the low dosage. Considering that toxicity of phenylbutazone is related to dosage, the higher dosage may not be beneficial in chronically lame horses. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;226:414–417)
Evaluation of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays performed on milk and serum samples for detection of paratuberculosis in lactating dairy cows
Authors: Hendrick Steven H. , Duffield Todd F. , Kelton David F. , Leslie Ken E. , Lissemore Kerry D. , Archambault Marie 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine whether results obtained for milk and serum samples with ELISAs intended for diagnosis of paratuberculosis in dairy cows were comparable to results obtained by means of mycobacterial culture of fecal samples.Design—Cross-sectional study.Animals—689 lactating dairy cows in 9 Ontario herds.Procedure—Milk, serum, and fecal samples were obtained from all cows. Fecal samples were submitted for mycobacterial culture. Serum samples were tested with a commercially available ELISA for antibodies againstMycobacterium paratuberculosis, and preserved milk samples were tested with an indirect ELISA for antibodies againstM paratuberculosis.Results—Results were positive for 130 of the 689 (18.9%) serum samples, 77 of the 689 (11.1%) milk samples, and 72 of the 689 (10.4%) fecal samples. The level of agreement between results for milk and serum samples was only moderate. Proportions of positive results for serum and fecal samples were significantly different, but proportions of positive results for milk and fecal samples were not significantly different. In addition, results for milk samples had a higher level of agreement with results of mycobacterial culture than did results for serum samples.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest that the indirect ELISA used on milk samples may be a convenient method of detecting paratuberculosis in dairy herds. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005; 226:424–428)
Effects of positive results for Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis as determined by microbial culture of feces or antibody ELISA on results of caudal fold tuberculin test and interferon-γ assay for tuberculosis in cattle
Authors: Dunn John R. , Kaneene John B. , Grooms Daniel L. , Bolin Steven R. , Bolin Carole A. , Bruning-Fann Colleen S. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine whether cattle testing positive forMycobacterium aviumsubspparatuberculosisasdetermined by microbial culture of feces or antibody ELISA were more likely to have false-positive responses on the caudal fold tuberculin (CFT) test or interferon-γ (IFN-γ) assay forMycobacterium bovisthan cattle testing negative forM paratuberculosis.Animals—1,043 cattle from 10 herds in Michigan.Procedure—Feces and blood samples for plasma were collected from cattle ≥ 24 months old on the day the CFT test was read. Fecal samples were submitted for microbial culture forM paratuberculosis. Plasma samples were tested for antibody againstM paratuberculosis, and IFN-γ after stimulation with purified protein derivative tuberculin fromM bovisorM avium.Results—Of 1,043 cattle, 180 (17.3%) had positive CFT test results (suspects) and 8 (0.8%) had positive IFN-γ assay results after stimulation with purified protein derivative tuberculin fromM bovis. Forty-five (4.3%) and 115 (11.0%) cattle tested positive forM paratuberculosisas determined by microbial culture of feces and antibody ELISA, respectively. Cattle with positive responses forM paratuberculosisappeared to have an increased likelihood of false-positive results on the CFT test, although this association was not significant.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—No significant association was detected among cattle testing positive forM paratuberculosisas determined by microbial culture of feces and antibody ELISA and positive CFT test and IFN-γ assay results forM bovis. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;226:429–435)
Epidemiologic features of Campylobacter infection among cats in the upper midwestern United States
Authors: Bender Jeffrey B. , Shulman Stephanie A. , Averbeck Gary A. , Pantlin Gayle C. , Stromberg Bert E. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To describe the epidemiologic features ofCamp-ylobacterinfection among cats in the Minneapolis–Saint Paul metropolitan area.Design—Prevalence survey.Animals—152 cats examined at 3 private veterinary clinics and an animal humane society.Procedures—Fecal samples were submitted for bacterial culture forCampylobacterspp. To determine the duration ofCampylobactercarriage, follow-up fecal samples were collected from cats with positiveCampylobacterculture results.Results—Campylobacterorganisms were cultured from 37 of the 152 (24%) fecal samples.Campylobacterisolates were identified asCampylobacter upsaliensis(29 cats),Campylobacter jejuni(2), andCampylobacter coli(1); species of the remaining 5 isolates could not be determined.Campylobacterorganisms were isolated from 36 of the 122 (30%) cats that were ≤ 1 year old but from only 1 of the 30 (3%) cats that were > 1 year old, and shedding was more common during the summer and fall months. No association betweenCampylobactershedding and clinical signs of disease was identified. For 4 of 13 cats from which follow-up fecal samples were obtained, duration ofCampylobactercarriage could not be determined becauseCampylobacterorganisms were isolated from all follow-up samples. For the remaining 9 cats, median duration ofCampylobactercarriage was 44 days.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—C upsaliensiscan commonly be isolated from the feces of overtly healthy kittens in the Midwest United States. Because carriage may be prolonged, veterinarians should encourage good hand hygiene among owners of cats, especially among owners with new kittens in their household. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;226:544–547).
Secretion of sex hormones in dogs with adrenal dysfunction
Authors: Hill Kate E. , Scott-Moncrieff J. Catharine R. , Koshko Mark A. , Glickman Lawrence T. , Glickman Nita W. , Nelson Richard W. , Blevins William E. , Oliver Jack W. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To evaluate adrenal sex hormone concentrations in response to ACTH stimulation in healthy dogs, dogs with adrenal tumors, and dogs with pituitary- dependent hyperadrenocorticism (PDH).Design—Prospective study.Animals—11 healthy control dogs, 9 dogs with adrenal-dependent hyperadrenocorticism (adenocarcinoma [ACA] or other tumor); 11 dogs with PDH, and 6 dogs with noncortisol-secreting adrenal tumors (ATs).Procedure—Hyperadrenocorticism was diagnosed on the basis of clinical signs; physical examination findings; and results of ACTH stimulation test, low-dose dexamethasone suppression test, or both. Dogs with noncortisol-secreting ATs did not have hyperadrenocorticism but had ultrasonographic evidence of an AT. Concentrations of cortisol, androstenedione, estradiol, progesterone, testosterone, and 17-hydroxyprogesterone were measured before and 1 hour after IM administration of 0.25 mg of synthetic ACTH.Results—All dogs with ACA, 10 dogs with PDH, and 4 dogs with ATs had 1 or more sex hormone concentrations greater than the reference range after ACTH stimulation. The absolute difference for progesterone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, and testosterone concentrations (value obtained after ACTH administration minus value obtained before ACTH administration) was significantly greater for dogs with ACA, compared with the other 3 groups. The absolute difference for androstenedione was significantly greater for dogs with ACA, compared with dogs with AT and healthy control dogs.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Dogs with ACA secrete increased concentrations of adrenal sex hormones, compared with dogs with PDH, noncortisol-secreting ATs, and healthy dogs. Dogs with noncortisol-secreting ATs also have increased concentrations of sex hormones. There is great interdog variability in sex hormone concentrations in dogs with ACA after stimulation with ACTH. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;226:556–561)
Comparison of results of clinicians' assessments, cytologic examination of fine-needle lymph node aspirates, and flow cytometry for determination of remission status of lymphoma in dogs
Authors: Williams Laurel E. , Broussard Maia Tcheng , Johnson Jeffrey L. , Neel Jennifer 
Published: December 2005

Abstract

Objective—To determine interclinician agreement
when assessing remission of lymphoma in dogs and
the association among results of clinicians' assessments
via lymph node palpation, cytologic examination
of fine-needle lymph node aspirates, and flow
cytometry as determinants of remission.

Design—Prospective study.

Animals—23 dogs with untreated lymphoma.

Procedure—Two clinicians independently measured
large lymph nodes and cytologic examination and flow
cytometry of cells from a mandibular or popliteal lymph
node were performed 1 week prior to initiating treatment.
Lymph node measurements with clinicians'
remission assessments and cytologic examination
were repeated at weeks 2, 3, and 5; flow cytometry
was repeated at week 5.

Results—Significant correlation was identified
between clinicians' remission assessments. Significant
correlation between lymph node palpation and
cytologic examination was identified at week 5, but
not at weeks 2 and 3. Lymphoma was diagnosed in
16 of 23 (70%) dogs at initial evaluation by use of
flow cytometry, although it was of limited use at
subsequent evaluations and results were not diagnostic
of lymphoma in any dog at week 5, including
1 dog in which lymphoma was diagnosed cytologically.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results
suggested that physical examination and measurement
of lymph node volume may not be sufficient
for accurately determining remission, that flow
cytometry alone should not be relied on as a means
for diagnosis, and that cytologic examination of fineneedle
lymph node aspirates should be considered
as the most accurate means of determining remission
status at times in which treatment modifications
are considered. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 2005;226:562–566)
Survival times in dogs with right atrial hemangiosarcoma treated by means of surgical resection with or without adjuvant chemotherapy: 23 cases (1986–2000)
Authors: Weisse Chick , Soares Nancy , Beal Matthew W. , Steffey Michele A. , Drobatz Kenneth J. , Henry Carolyn J. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine survival times in dogs with right atrial hemangiosarcoma treated by means of pericardectomy and tumor resection, with or without adjuvant chemotherapy, and identify complications associated with treatment.Design—Retrospective study.Animals—23 dogs.Procedure—Dogs were included only if the diagnosis was confirmed histologically.Results—The most common initial complaints included acute collapse (8 [35%] dogs), anorexia or inappetence (8 [35%]), and lethargy (8 [35%]). The most common physical examination abnormalities included muffled heart sounds (12 [52%] dogs), tachycardia (7 [30%]), and weak pulses (7 [30%]). Postoperative complications developed in 12 (52%) dogs; however, most complications were minor. Twenty (87%) dogs were discharged from the hospital. Survival time was significantly longer in the 8 dogs that received adjuvant chemotherapy (mean, 164 days; median, 175 days) than in the 15 dogs that did not receive chemotherapy (mean, 46 days; median, 42 days). Dogs that received chemotherapy were significantly younger and had significantly lower WBC counts than did dogs that did not receive chemotherapy.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggested that in dogs with right atrial hemangiosarcoma, surgical resection of the tumor was associated with a low complication rate and complications that did arise typically were minor. In addition, use of adjuvant chemotherapy following resection was associated with significantly longer survival times, compared with resection alone. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;226:575–579)
Antimicrobial susceptibility of Escherichia coli isolates from dairy farms using organic versus conventional production methods
Authors: Sato Kenji , Bartlett Paul C. , Saeed Mahdi A. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To compare antimicrobial susceptibility patterns ofEscherichia coliisolates cultured from fecal samples from cows and calves on dairy farms that used organic (ie, no or severely limited antimicrobial use) versus conventional production methods.Design—Cross-sectional study.Sample Population—Fecal samples from 10 cows and 10 calves on each of 30 organic dairy farms and 30 neighboring conventional dairy farms in Wisconsin.Procedure—E coliisolates obtained from the fecal samples were tested for susceptibility to 17 antimicrobials by means of a microbroth dilution test. Prevalence of antimicrobial resistance was compared between organic and conventional dairy farms.Results—E coliwas isolated from 1,121 (94%) fecal samples. Farm type (organic vs conventional) and animal age (cow vs calf) were significantly associated with odds thatE coliisolates would be resistant to various antimicrobials. After controlling for age, logistic regression analyses indicated that isolates from conventional dairy farms had significantly higher rates of resistance to ampicillin, streptomycin, kanamycin, gentamicin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, and sulfamethoxazole than did isolates from organic dairy farms. However, no significant differences were detected for the 10 other antimicrobials that were tested.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results indicated that compared with isolates from conventional dairy farms,E coliisolates from organic dairy herds have significantly lower prevalences of resistance to 7 antimicrobials; however, prevalence of resistance was not significantly different for 10 other antimicrobials. Resistance was more common for isolates from calves than for isolates from adult dairy cows. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;226:589–594)
Measurement of M-mode echocardiographic parameters in healthy adult Maine Coon cats
Authors: Drourr Lori , Lefbom Bonnie K. , Rosenthal Steven L. , Tyrrell William D. 
Published: December 2005

Abstract

Objective—To determine reference values for M-mode echocardiographic parameters in nonsedated healthy adult Maine Coon cats and compare those values with data reported for nonsedated healthy adult domestic cats.

Design—Prospective study.

Animals—105 healthy adult Maine Coon cats.

Procedure—Over a 3-year period, M-mode echocardiographic examinations (involving a standard right parasternal transthoracic technique) were performed on Maine Coon cats as part of prebreeding evaluations;values of M-mode parameters in healthy individuals were collected, and mean values were calculated for comparison with those reported for healthy adult domestic cats.

Results—The mean ± SD weight of Maine Coon cats was significantly greater than that of domestic cats. Mean values of left ventricular internal dimension at end diastole and end systole (LVIDd and LVIDs, respectively), interventricular septal thickness at end systole (IVSs), left ventricular posterior wall thickness at end systole (LVPWs), left atrial dimension at end systole (LADs), and aortic root dimension (Ao) in Maine Coon cats differed significantly from values in healthy domestic cats. The greatest differences detected between the 2 groups involved values of LVIDd, LADs, and Ao. Linear regression analysis revealed a weak but significant correlation between weight and each of LVIDd, LVPWs, IVSs, Ao, LADs, and left ventricular posterior wall thickness at end diastole.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Values of several M-mode echocardiographic parameters in Maine Coon cats differ from those reported for domestic cats; these differences should be considered during interpretation of echocardiographic findings to distinguish between cardiac health and disease in this breed. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 2005;226:734–737)
Results of 24-hour ambulatory electrocardiography in dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy following premedication with medetomidine or acepromazine
Authors: Väisänen Misse A-M. , Vainio Outi M. , Raekallio Marja R. , Hietanen Heikki , Huikuri Heikki V. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To investigate heart rate characteristics in dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy following premedication with medetomidine or acepromazine.Design—Clinical trial.Animals—43 client-owned dogs.Procedure—24-hour ambulatory electrocardiography was performed beginning approximately 1 hour prior to administration of premedications. Dogs were premedicated with medetomidine and butorphanol (n = 21) or acepromazine and butorphanol (22) and, approximately 85 minutes later, were anesthetized with propofol and isoflurane. Electrocardiographic recordings were examined to determine heart rate, cardiac conduction disturbances (ventricular premature complexes and atrioventricular block), and indices of heart rate variability (HRV).Results—Minimum heart rate during the 24-hour recording period was significantly lower among dogs given medetomidine than among dogs given acepromazine, but during the postoperative period, heart rate increased in all dogs as they became physically active. Intraoperative time domain HRV indices were lower and the low frequency-to-high frequency ratio was higher among dogs given acepromazine than among dogs given medetomidine; however, significant differences between groups were no longer seen by 6 hours after surgery. There was no significant difference between groups with regard to the number of ventricular premature complexes or to values of scaling exponent α2 (a nonlinear measure of HRV).Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest that there are greater enhancements in vagally related heart rate indices in medetomidine-treated dogs that may persist until 6 hours after surgery. Despite the low heart rates, dogs given medetomidine showed expected responses to surgery and positional stimuli, and the 2 preanesthetic protocols may not result in different prevalences of ventricular premature complexes. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;226:738–745)