bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Musculoskeletal disorders of the neck and upper limb among sewing machine operators: A clinical investigation
Authors: Andersen Johan Hviid , Gaardboe Ove 
Published: April 2007

AbstractOne hundred and seven women participated in a clinical study of an age‐stratified random sample of sewing machine operators compared to a group of auxiliary nurses and home helpers. Four groups, according to years of being a sewing machine operator, consisted of: (controls) 25; (0–7 years) 21; (8–15 years) 25; and (more than 15 years) 36. The numbers of the main clinical diagnoses in the four groups were: cervicobrachial fibromyalgia (myofascial pain syndrome) 2, 4, 11, 24; cervical syndrome 0, 1, 3, 10; and rotator cuff syndrome 1, 1, 6, 11. The observed exposure‐response relationship between clinical outcomes and years as a sewing machine operator was maintained when adjusting for current exposure to musculoskeletal strain and other potential confounders. Muscle palpation proved to be a reproducible examination with kappa values around 0.70. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Investigation and evaluation of zinc protoporphyrin as a diagnostic indicator in lead intoxication
Authors: Zhang Jimei 
Published: April 2007

AbstractTo evaluate the utility of zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP) as an indicator of lead exposure, we examined 128 workers employed at a battery storage plant and two smelters, 343 persons who lived within 200 m of the plants, and 217 controls. Based on Chinese criteria, the “normal” ZPP value among inhabitants of Shaanxi Province was determined to be 85 μg/100 ml. ZPP proved to be a more sensitive and specific indicator of lead exposure, at both high and lower levels, than PbB or PbU. Among 115 patients who underwent chelation therapy for lead poisoning, ZPP also proved to be a valid index of recovery. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cross‐sectional epidemiological study of respiratory disease in Turkey farmers
Authors: Reynolds Stephen J. , Parker David , Vesley Donald , Smith Doug , Woellner Richard 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThis study was a cross‐sectional epidemiological investigation of respiratory disease in farmers involved in the turkey growing industry. Pulmonary function tests and health history questionnaires were administered to a total of 95 turkey farmers throughout Minnesota. Respiratory symptoms were greatest during the winter months when exposure to environmental agents was highest. Prevalence of symptoms was higher for smokers, personnel who worked in hen barns, and for persons who had worked in the turkey growing industry for more than 10 years. Pulmonary function was found to decrease during the work day. Also, pulmonary function was lowest for personnel working in hen bars, and for persons who had been employed in the industry for more than 10 years. These data support the association between respiratory disease and exposure to the environment in confinement farm buildings. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Irritation effects from experimental exposure to n‐butyl acetate
Authors: Iregren Anders , Löf Agneta , Toomingas Allan , Wang Zhiping 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe irritation produced by acute exposure to n‐butyl acetate in human subjects without any history of occupational solvent exposure was studied in three experiments. Exposure levels tested in the different experiments were 350, 700, 1,050, and 1,400 mg/m3 in 20 min sessions, 70 and 1,400 mg/m3 in 20 min sessions, and 70 and 700 mg/m3 in 4 h sessions. Rating scales, various measures of eye irritation, and pulmonary functions were used to evaluate the irritation produced by the exposures in different parts of the study. The results indicate only very slight irritation from the exposures as revealed by categorical ratings, magnitude estimation, and some of the clinical measures of eye irritation and pulmonary functions, such as eye redness, lipid layer thickness, and bronchial responsiveness. These essentially negative results indicate the need to explore and develop the utility of new/different methods of quantifying irritative effects of exposure to various substances. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cancer mortality among jewelry workers
Authors: Hayes Richard B. , Dosemeci Mustafa , Riscigno Monica , Blair Aaron 
Published: April 2007

AbstractMortality was investigated for the years 1950–1980 for 1,009 male members of a New York jewelry workers union, and for the years 1984–1989 among 919 men and 605 women identified as jewelry workers on death certificates from 24 states. Malignant neoplasms were excessive for male union members (proportional mortality ratio [PMR] = 1.17; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02–1.33) and female jeweler deaths from the 24 states (PMR = 1.24; 95% CI: 1.07–1.42). Deaths due to nonmalignant causes were not unusual, except for excesses, in union males, of the circulatory system (PMR = 1.10; 95% CI: 1.02–1.19), including arteriosclerotic heart disease (PMR = 1.25; 95% CI: 1.14–1.37) and rheumatic heart disease (PMR = 3.02; 95% CI: 1.94–4.50). Cancers of the digestive tract were proportionally elevated among union males (proportional cancer mortality rate [PMR] = 1.13; 95% CI: 0.89–1.41) and among deaths from the 24 states (PCMR = 1.22; 95% CI: 1.01–1.47). For the 24 states, excesses for digestive cancer were found for both males (PCMR = 1.19; 95% CI: 0.90–1.54) and females (PCMR = 1.26; 95% CI: 0.96–1.62). Regarding specific sites in the digestive tract, colon cancer excesses were found in union males (PCMR = 1.53: 95% CI: 1.05–2.15), and for men (PCMR = 1.27; 95% CI: 0.82–1.88) and women (PCMR = 1.36; 95% CI: 0.92–3.27) in 24 states. Also, in the 24 states, excesses were noted for esophageal cancer (PMR = 2.03; 95% CI: 1.08–3.47) and stomach cancer (PCMR = 1.66; 95% CI: 0.95–2.69), due to excess stomach cancer in women (PCMR = 2.50; 95% CI: 1.20–4.61). Marginal proportional excesses were found for malignancies of the hematolymphopoietic system in union males (PCMR = 1.12; 95% CI: 0.72–1.67) and among deaths from 24 states (PCMR = 1.23; 95% CI: 0.90–1.66), particularly due to non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma deaths (PCMR = 1.39; 95% CI: 0.93–2.00). The wide variety of exposures in this industry, particularly to metals and solvents, could possibly involve excess risk for malignancy at these sites. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.This article is a US Government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.
Cancer among migrant and seasonal farmworkers: An epidemiologic review and research agenda
Authors: Zahm Shelia Hoar , Blair Aaron 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThere are an estimated three million hired migrant and seasonal farmworkers in the United States. Adults and children may be exposed to mutagenic and potentially carcinogenic pesticides during planting, weeding, thinning, and harvesting crops. Field conditions that provide little opportunity to wash skin or clothing to minimize pesticide absorption may intensify exposure. Little is known, however, about the occurrence of cancer in migrant or seasonal farmworkers. Most cancer epidemiologic research on agricultural populations has focussed on farm owner/operators. The few studies that have evaluated cancer in farmworkers suggest that, like farm owner/operators, they may be experiencing excesses of multiple myeloma and cancers of the stomach, prostate, and testis. A few studies suggest that the farmworkers may differ from farmers by experiencing excesses of cancers of the buccal cavity and pharynx, lung, and liver. Cervical cancer was elevated in female farmworkers in one study. Descriptive data and etiologic research on cancer among farmworkers and family members are urgently needed. Feasibility evaluations, however, should precede etiologic investigations because of possible difficulties in studying this population of workers. Issues that need to be evaluated include assessing where and when farmworkers and family members are diagnosed and/or treated for malignancies, the ability of farmworkers to provide histories of crops, locations, and years worked and living conditions, the ability of agricultural experts to determine likely pesticide exposures based on such farmworkers' histories, the ability to obtain information on potential confounding factors, the ability to recontact or determine vital status of specific farmworkers over time, the suitability of conducting studies in home‐base vs. upstream counties, and the ability to study agriculturally related malignancies in persons who have left farm work before the disease occurs. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.This article is a US Government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.
Sampling environments containing organic dust
Authors: Jacobs Robert R. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractAssessment of airborne organic dust in different environments is necessary to better understand the relationship between exposure and disease. Exposure assessment requires a well‐defined sampling strategy which addresses the following questions: Where, how long, who, how many, and when? For assessing exposure to organic dust, the question of “what?” must be included because, in most cases, the specific toxins or appropriate surrogates for exposure have not been identified. For most environments with organic dust, these questions have not been adequately addressed. However, a large database exists for cotton dust. Cotton is used as a model of organic dust to illustrate the application of exposure assessment: 1) to develop a dose‐response relationship between aerosolized dust and specific health effects; 2) to evaluate the effects of process change on gravimetric dust levels and for compliance with the cotton dust standard; and 3) to identify specific biologically active components in the dust. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Agents in organic dust: Criteria for a causal relationship
Authors: Donham Kelley J. , Thorne Peter S. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractIdentification of agents of disease causation in organic dust is complicated by the fact that multiple agents may be involved, and these agents may act in a synergistic or additive fashion and cause a number of conditions resulting from chronic toxic or inflammatory effects. A new systematic approach to evaluating available data for evidence of disease‐causing agents in organic dust is proposed. It combines, in a matrix fashion, principles of Koch's postulates, River's postulates, principles of epidemiologic determinants, and weight of evidence theory. By applying these principles in a systematic fashion, the strength of the scientific evidence for a specific agent can objectively be evaluated. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dust mite allergy: An important cause of respiratory disease in farmers
Authors: van Hage‐Hamsten Marianne , Härfast Bengt , Johansson S. G. O. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractIn 2,578 Swedish farmers, 6.2% were found to have an allergy to storage mites. The storage mite Lepidoglyphus destructor has been identified by both RAST and bronchial challenges as a significant cause of occupational asthma in rural environments. Immunohistochemical studies of L. destructor disclosed that at least one L. destructor allergen is associated with digestion. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Acute exposure to swine dust causes airway inflammation and bronchial hyperresponsiveness
Authors: Larsson Kjell , Malmberg Per , Eklund Anders 
Published: April 2007

AbstractExposure to swine dust during a few hours work in a swine confinement building induced bronchial hyperresponsiveness in all (n = 6) of the healthy subjects studied. Bronchoalveolar lavage revealed an inflammatory reaction after exposure, and the cellular response was characterized by a hundredfold increase in neutrophils. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Inhalation fever and respiratory symptoms in the trimming department of swedish sawmills
Authors: Rask‐Andersen Anna , Land Carl Johan , Enlund Karin , Lundin Åsa 
Published: April 2007

AbstractMold dust exposure in the trimming departments of sawmills may cause inhalation fever as well as allergic alveolitis. Responses to questionnaires sent to 2,052 workers from trimming departments of 233 Swedish sawmills showed that one of five workers experienced work‐related febrile attacks. A single case of allergic alveolitis was found. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
(1→3)‐β‐D‐glucan in indoor air, its measurement and in vitro activity
Authors: Goto Hajime , Yuasa Kazumi , Rylander Ragnar 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe underlying mechanisms of the biological activity of (1→3)‐β‐D‐glucan was investigated using macrophages from guinea pigs or mice. The results showed that these cells expressed (1→3)‐β‐D‐glucan specific receptors on their surface, and that the release of TNF‐α from cells was modulated by the presence of (1→3)‐β‐D‐glucan. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Airborne endotoxin concentrations in different work conditions
Authors: Liesivuori Jyrki , Kotimaa Marjut , Laitinen Sirpa , Louhelainen Kyö.sti , Pönni Jaana , Sarantila Riitta , Husman Kaj 
Published: April 2007

AbstractWorkers from various occupations have described symptoms of upper respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract as well as eye and skin irritation. Exposure to endotoxins may cause these symptoms. Structural differences of endotoxins from different working environments are present on the sources of Gram‐negative bacteria. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Microbiological treatment of recirculating wastewater from cleaning rolls in a rolling mill
Authors: Lundholm Monica , Grönqvist Bertil 
Published: April 2007

AbstractIn industry, the use of biological methods for cleaning wastewater is increasing. The number of airborne Gram‐negative bacteria was high in relation to the use of high pressure water in a rolling mill using recirculated water for cleaning rolls. Analyzing the total amount and species of microorganisms indicates whether they are emitted from a polluted source or consist of the normal airborne flora. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Assessment of personality traits and psychiatric symptoms in workers in a computer manufacturing plant in Japan
Authors: Ezoe Satoko , Araki Shunichi , Ono Yutaka , Kawakami Norito , Murata Katsuyuki 
Published: April 2007

AbstractTo investigate personality traits and psychiatric symptoms, we administered the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM‐III‐R Personality Questionnaire (SCID‐II Screen), the Zung Self‐Rating Depression Scale (SDS), and the 30‐item version of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ‐30) to 781 male computer engineers and 214 male clerical workers in a computer manufacturing factory. Subjects, aged from 20 to 49 years, were divided into university and high school graduates. Among the university graduates, scores for schizotypal and avoidant personality traits were significantly higher in computer engineers than in clerical workers (the effect of age was controlled by analysis of covariance). No significant correlation between personality traits and years employed was found in the university‐graduate computer engineers. In high school graduates, scores for borderline and dependent personality traits were significantly lower in computer engineers than in clerical workers (the effect of age was controlled by analysis of covariance). Because of the lack of significant association of personality traits and symptoms with duration of employment in the university‐educated computer engineers, the greater prevalence of schizotypal and avoidant personality traits might be related to their process of self‐selection of job rather than to computer manufacturing work. In summary, these data suggest that computer engineering work does not cause abnormal personality traits or psychiatric symptoms. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mortality and cancer incidence in stockholm fire fighters
Authors: Tornling Gö.ran , Gustavsson Per , Hogstedt Christer 
Published: April 2007

AbstractFire fighters are exposed to irritating, asphyxiating, and toxic gases and aerosols, to psychological stress, and to physically demanding work. Due to differences in fire fighting techniques, exposure conditions for fire fighters differ among different countries. The purpose of this investigation was to study cancer incidence and mortality in fire fighters who have been working with fire fighting methods used in Sweden from the beginning of this century onwards. All male fire fighters employed for at least 1 year in the City of Stockholm during 1931–1983 were traced, and an index of the number of fires fought was calculated for each individual. The mortality during 1951–1986 (among 1, 116 fire fighters) was lower than expected (SMR = 82; 95% confidence interval 72–91) compared with local mortality rates, with a low mortality in circulatory diseases, obstructive lung diseases, violent deaths, and suicides. The cancer incidence in 1958–1986 was equal to the expected (SMR = 100; 95% confidence interval 83–119). However, an excess of stomach cancer (18 observed vs. 9.37 expected: SMR = 192, 95% CI 114–304) was observed. There was also a tendency for higher incidence and mortality in stomach and brain cancer with increasing number of fires. There were four deaths from brain cancer compared to 0.8 expected (SMR = 496; 95% CI 135–1270) in the highest exposure category. Fire fighters are, however, not systematically exposed to known stomach or brain carcinogens, and the results need confirmation in further studies with extensive exposure evaluations. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Carpal tunnel syndrome among grocery store workers
Authors: Osorio Ana Maria , Ames Richard G. , Jones Jeffrey , Castorina Joseph , Rempel David , Estrin William , Thompson David 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe California Department of Health Services evaluated carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), a median nerve entrapment condition associated with forceful and repetitive wrist motion, among grocery store workers at a large California supermarket where a CTS cluster had been reported. Forceful and repetitive wrist motion was measured, in three exposure levels, through a job classification scheme based upon type of work tasks and average time per week spent performing these tasks. A medical questionnaire and measurements of median sensory nerve conduction were used to measure CTS. CTS prevalence was 23% based upon a sample of 56 participants drawn from a workforce of 69 employees. A relative risk of 8.3 (95% confidence interval 2.6–26.4) for a history of CTS‐like symptoms between the high and low exposure level groups held up after adjustment for the potential confounders of age, sex, alcohol consumption, and high‐risk medical history. It was concluded that the basic principles of good ergonomic design should be used to prevent or diminish the risk of musculoskeletal injury in the workplace. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Chewing electric wire coatings: An unusual source of lead poisoning
Authors: Franco G. , Cottica D. , Minoia C. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThis report describes a case of lead poisoning occurring in an electrician as the result of an unusual personal habit, namely, the chewing of lead‐containing coatings of electric wires. A coating chewing test showed that a few minutes after beginning chewing, saliva lead concentration increased from 10 (μg/l to several milligrams per liter. This case is an example of poisoning caused by an occupationally related source (coatings containing lead) as a consequence of a singular and unconventional worker's habit. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Study of occupational risk factors for pregnancy‐induced hypertension among active duty enlisted navy personnel
Authors: Irwin Debra E. , Savitz David A. , St. André Kenneth A. , Hertz‐Picciotto Irva 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe relationship between occupational exposures and the risk of pregnancy‐induced hypertension (PIH) was investigated in a cohort of 5,605 enlisted active duty military women who gave birth during a 2‐year period of time. A panel of experts, unaware of disease status, classified the women's job titles as “high,” “medium,” or “low” for a variety of occupational exposures. PIH was identified through hospital discharge ICD‐9 diagnosis codes. Nulliparas were found to have a significantly increased risk ratio (RR) for PIH (RR = 2.3) compared with parous women. Nulliparas employed in jobs involving high levels of physical activity were at significantly decreased risk of PIH compared to nulliparas working at low levels of physical activity (construction craftsmen, RR = 0.37; unskilled laborers RR = 0.71). Occupational exposure to hazardous chemicals was not related to risk of PIH. Although the study results are limited by aggregate exposure classification, they suggest no adverse influence of occupational exertion and a possible beneficial role among nulliparas. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Review of epidemiologic studies of paternal occupational exposure and spontaneous abortion
Authors: Savitz David A. , Sonnenfeld Nancy L. , Olshan Andrew F. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe question of whether paternal exposures influence risk of spontaneous abortion is of great public interest, with the possibility supported by laboratory investigations. Thirty‐nine studies of male occupational exposure and risk of spontaneous abortion were examined, with the methods and results tabulated. Many of those reports were limited by exposure data based on maternal report of the father's job title or by potentially inaccurate paternal reports of spontaneous abortion, though the quality of more recent studies is markedly enhanced. Mercury has been implicated most strongly based on recent studies that included quantitative exposure estimates; a number of studies showing associations for exposure to anesthetic gases. Suggestive associations have also been found inconsistently for exposure to lead, rubber manufacturing, selected solvents, and some pesticides. Further study is encouraged, but with more intensive effort to measure accurately both spontaneous abortion and occupational exposures. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Agricultural injuries among a population‐based sample of farm operators in Alabama
Authors: Zhou Chun , Roseman Jeffrey M. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractA population‐based study of the occurrence of agricultural injuries during the previous year was conducted in a simple random sample of 1,000 farm operators in Alabama in 1991. The participation rate was 86.2%. The cumulative 1‐year incidence was 9.9% (95% CI = 7.7–12.1), based on the number of injuries, and 7.8% (95% CI = 5.8–9.8), based on the number of farmers injured. Limbs were the body parts most frequently injured: fingers (10.7%), hands or wrists (10.7%), and legs (8.9%). The leading external causes were machinery (28.6%), falls (23.2%), and animals (12.5%). There was a higher injury frequency at the end of the week, with a Saturday peak. Seasonal pattern of injury displayed a bimodal curve, one peak in spring, and a higher peak in early fall in September. The most risky farm types were forestry and dairy. The factors predictive of increased injury risk in multiple logistic regression included younger age, farm ownership, greater percent of working time spent on farming, more alcohol consumed, and prior residual injury. The results provide some indications for formulating agricultural injury control programs and for future research. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.