bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical evaluations of OSTEON® as a new alloplastic material in sinus bone grafting and its effect on bone healing
Authors: Kim Young‐Kyun , Yun Pil‐Young , Lim Sung‐Chul , Kim Su‐Gwan , Lee Hyo‐Jung , Ong Joo L. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractPurpose:The objective of this study was to clinically evaluate the use of OSTEON® as a sinus graft material and to measure the effect of healing at 4 and 6 months after surgery.Materials and Methods:After sinus graft using OSTEON® in 17 patients, bone specimens were collected from lateral sinus using 2.0‐mm trephine bur at the time of 4 or 6 months after surgery. Histology of the bone specimens was prepared and the percentage of newly formed bone fraction, lamellar bone/woven bone ratio (LB/WB), and newly formed bone/graft material ratio (NB/GM) were measured to indicate the suitability of the materials and the successful healing of the graft.Results:The morphology of OSTEON® was observed to be interconnected, with 77% porosity and a pore size of 300–500 μm. After implantation, the mean percentage of newly formed bone fraction after 4 months and 6 months surgery was 40.6 and 51.9%, respectively. Statistical analysis indicated no significant difference (p = 0.135) in the newly formed bone fraction between the two postoperative periods. The mean LB/WB ratio after 4 months and 6 months surgery was 0.14 and 0.45, respectively, with significant difference observed between the two postoperative periods (p = 0.027). Additionally, the mean NB/GM ratio after 4 months and 6 months surgery was 1.95 and 7.72, respectively, with significant difference observed between the two postoperative periods (p = 0.046).Conclusion:It was concluded that OSTEON® is suitable for use in sinus graft application since desirable time‐dependent healing was demonstrated. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2008
Changes in stiffness of demineralized dentin following application of collagen crosslinkers
Authors: Bedran‐Russo Ana Karina B. , Pashley David H. , Agee Kelli , Drummond James L. , Miescke Klaus J. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractIt is thought that increasing the strength of the dentin matrix using crosslinking agents may improve both the strength and the durability of resin–dentin bonds. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of two collagen crosslinking agents (glutaraldehyde, GD and grape seed extract, GSE) on the modulus of elasticity of demineralized dentin. Sound molar fragments were fully demineralized and divided into five groups according to the type and concentration of crosslinking agents: 2.5% GD; 5% GD, 25% GD; 0.65% GSE; 6.5% GSE. Specimens were immersed in their respective solution and tested at baseline, 10 min, 30 min, 1 h, 2 h, 4 h. The elastic modulus of dentin was significantly affected by the treatment (p < 0.01) and exposure time (p < 0.01). There was a statistically significant interaction between the two factors evaluated (treatment vs. time p < 0.01). Mean baselines values varied between 4.8 and 6.2 MPa in water; after 4 h of treatment the values increased between 34.9 and 242.5 MPa, that were treatment time and agent dependent. The use of these collagen crosslinkers to increase the stiffness of demineralized dentin, was both concentration and time dependent. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2008
Solvent/non‐solvent sintering: A novel route to create porous microsphere scaffolds for tissue regeneration
Authors: Brown Justin L. , Nair Lakshmi S. , Laurencin Cato T. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractSolvent/non‐solvent sintering creates porous polymeric microsphere scaffolds suitable for tissue engineering purposes with control over the resulting porosity, average pore diameter, and mechanical properties. Five different biodegradable biocompatible polyphosphazenes exhibiting glass transition temperatures from −8 to 41°C and poly (lactide‐co‐glycolide), (PLAGA) a degradable polymer used in a number of biomedical settings, were examined to study the versatility of the process and benchmark the process to heat sintering. Parameters such as: solvent/non‐solvent sintering solution composition and submersion time effect the sintering process. PLAGA microsphere scaffolds fabricated with solvent/non‐solvent sintering exhibited an interconnected porosity and pore size of 31.9% and 179.1 μm, respectively which was analogous to that of conventional heat sintered PLAGA microsphere scaffolds. Biodegradable polyphosphazene microsphere scaffolds exhibited a maximum interconnected porosity of 37.6% and a maximum compressive modulus of 94.3 MPa. Solvent/non‐solvent sintering is an effective strategy for sintering polymeric microspheres, with a broad spectrum of glass transition temperatures, under ambient conditions making it an excellent fabrication route for developing tissue engineering scaffolds and drug delivery vehicles. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2008
Theoretical study on the hydrolysis mechanism of N,N‐dimethyl‐N′‐(2‐oxo‐1, 2‐dihydro‐pyrimidinyl)formamidine: Water‐assisted mechanism and cluster‐continuum model
Authors: Wu Yong , Jin Lu , Xue Ying , Xie Dai Qian , Kim Chan Kyung , Guo Yong , Yan Guo Sen 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThe hydrolysis reaction of N,N‐dimethyl‐N′‐(2‐oxo‐1, 2‐dihydro‐pyrimidinyl)formamidine (DMPFA), a model compound of the antivirus drug amidine‐3TC (3TC = 2′, 3′‐dideoxy‐3′‐thiacytidine), is investigated by the hybrid density functional theory B3LYP/6‐31+G (d,p) method. The hydrolysis reaction of the title compound is predicted to undergo via two pathways, each of which is a stepwise process. Path A is the addition of H2O to the CN double bond in the amidine group to form a tetrahedral structure in its first step, and then the transfer of the H atom of hydroxyl leads to the corresponding products via four possible channels. Path B simultaneously involves the nucleophilic attack of H2O to the C atom of the CN bond and the proton transfer to the N atom of amino group leading to the cleavage of the CN single bond in the amidine group. The results indicate that path A is more favorable than path B in the gas phase. Moreover, to simulate the title reaction in aqueous solution, water‐assisted mechanism and the cluster‐continuum model, based on the SCRF/CPCM model, are taken into account in our work. The results indicate that it is rational for two water molecules served as a bridge to assist in the first step of path A and that cytosine rather than the cytosine‐substituted formamide should be released from the tetrahedral intermediate via s six‐membered cycle transition state (channel 2). Our calculations exhibit that the process toward the tetrahedral intermediate is the rate‐determining step both in the gas phase and in aqueous solution. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2008
Dynamic structures of phosphodiesterase‐5 active site by combined molecular dynamics simulations and hybrid quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical calculations
Authors: Xiong Ying , Lu Hai‐Ting , Zhan Chang‐Guo 
Published: December 2007

AbstractVarious quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical (QM/MM) geometry optimizations starting from an x‐ray crystal structure and from the snapshot structures of constrained molecular dynamics (MD) simulations have been performed to characterize two dynamically stable active site structures of phosphodiesterase‐5 (PDE5) in solution. The only difference between the two PDE5 structures exists in the catalytic, second bridging ligand (BL2) which is HO− or H2O. It has been shown that, whereas BL2 (i.e. HO−) in the PDE5(BL2 = HO−) structure can really bridge the two positively charged metal ions (Zn2+ and Mg2+), BL2 (i.e. H2O) in the PDE5(BL2 = H2O) structure can only coordinate Mg2+. It has been demonstrated that the results of the QM/MM geometry optimizations are remarkably affected by the solvent water molecules, the dynamics of the protein environment, and the electronic embedding charges of the MM region in the QM part of the QMM/MM calculation. The PDE5(BL2 = H2O) geometries optimized by using the QM/MM method in different ways show strong couplings between these important factors. It is interesting to note that the PDE5(BL2 = HO‐) and PDE5(BL2 = H2O) geometries determined by the QM/MM calculations neglecting these three factors are all consistent with the corresponding geometries determined by the QM/MM calculations that account for all of these three factors. These results suggest the overall effects of these three important factors on the optimized geometries can roughly cancel out. However, the QM/MM calculations that only account for some of these factors could lead to considerably different geometries. These results might be useful also in guiding future QM/MM geometry optimizations on other enzymes. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2008
Protein loaded mesoporous silica spheres as a controlled delivery platform
Authors: Ho Jenny , Danquah Michael K , Wang Huanting , Forde Gareth M 
Published: December 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND: The adsorption of bovine serum albumin (BSA) onto mesoporous silica spheres (MPS) synthesized from silica colloids was studied employing real time in situ measurements. The stabilities of the BSA at different pH values, their isoelectric points and zeta potentials were determined in order to probe the interactions between the protein and the mesoporous silica.RESULTS: The pore size of MPS was designed for protein, and this, coupled with an in depth understanding of the physico‐chemical characteristics of the protein and MPS has yielded a better binding capacity and delivery profile. The adsorption isotherm at pH 4.2 fitted the Langmuir model and displayed the highest adsorption capacity (71.43 mg mL−1 MPS). Furthermore, the delivery rates of BSA from the MPS under physiological conditions were shown to be dependent on the ionic strength of the buffer and protein loading concentration.CONCLUSION: Economics and scale‐up considerations of mesoporous material synthesized via destabilization of colloids by electrolyte indicate the scaleability and commercial viability of this technology as a delivery platform for biopharmaceutical applications. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry
Phylogenetic relationships of South American Alligatorids and the Caiman of Madeira River
Authors: Hrbek Tomas , Vasconcelos William Rangel , Rebelo George , Farias Izeni Pires 
Published: December 2007

AbstractWe analyzed DNA sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene (cyt b), the nuclear Recombination Activating Gene 1 (RAG1) and the myelocytomatosis oncogene (MYC) to infer the phylogenetic relationship of Caiman crocodilus and Caiman yacare, and other South American alligatorid crocodilian species. Phylogenetic relationships were robustly supported with Paleosuchus sister to Melanosuchus and Caiman. Phylogenetic relationships of C. crocodilus and C. yacare were unclear as these two species share mitochondrial and nuclear haplotypes. Specifically this sharing occurs among specimens of C. yacare and C. crocodilus from the Madeira River drainage. Two potential explanations stand out: secondary contact followed by hybridization, and differentiation along a cline. Current data cannot resolve between these two competing hypotheses. In comparison with C. yacare and C. crocodilus, Paleosuchus trigonatus and Paleosuchus palpebrosus are very well differentiated and also show surprising haplotypic diversity in spite of their phenotypic similarity. J. Exp. Zool. 309A:588–599, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Construction of X‐ray‐inducible promoters through cis‐acting element elongation and error‐prone polymerase chain reaction
Authors: Ogawa Ryohei , Lee Sung‐il , Kagiya Go , Hirano Hisao , Fukuda Shigekazu , Kondo Takashi , Kodaki Tsutomu 
Published: December 2007

AbstractBackgroundA promoter that is activated by ionizing radiation may be a useful tool for cancer therapy since, with such a promoter, the therapeutic gene can be expressed only in cancer tissues by irradiation. An artificially constructed promoter is advantageous as natural promoters may have physiological limitations. However, reasonably designing a promoter is hampered by shortage of information about the relationship between the structure and properties of a promoter DNA.Materials and methodsBinding sites of four transcription factors that were activated by radiation were randomly ligated and linked to a TATA‐box sequence to control the luciferase gene located downstream. Transiently transfected cancer cells with such a vector were exposed to X‐ray irradiation and enhancement of luciferase expression was assessed. To improve promoter sensitivity, mutations were randomly introduced into a constructed promoter by error‐prone polymerase chain reaction (epPCR).ResultsOf the 11 promoters constructed, the clone 11 promoter (clone 11 + TATA‐box) showed a 5‐fold enhancement 6 h after the 10 Gy X‐ray irradiation in HeLa cells. A mutant designated the clone 11‐9‐37 promoter generated through two steps of epPCR showed a sensitivity 4.8 times higher than the clone 11 promoter to the 10 Gy X‐rays, showing 21.6‐fold enhancement of luciferase expression. Clone 11 was composed of 16 cis‐acting elements, and the clone 11‐9‐37 promoter carried six point mutations.ConclusionA sensitively responsive promoter to radiation could be constructed using this method, possibly leading to the construction of a promoter of interest that could be applied for clinical use. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Prognostic value of bax, bcl‐2, and p53 staining in primary osteosarcoma
Authors: Kaseta Maria‐Kyriaki A. , Khaldi Lubna , Gomatos Ilias P. , Tzagarakis George P. , Alevizos Leonidas , Leandros Emmanuel , Papagelopoulos Panayiotis J. , Soucacos Panayiotis N. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesTo investigate the immunohistochemical expression of three apoptosis‐related genes (bax, bcl‐2, and p53) and apoptosis (TUNEL) in patients with primary osteosarcoma, and examine potential correlations between gene expression and clinicopathological characteristics in these patients.Materials and MethodsThirty‐five primary osteosarcoma specimens and 18 tissue specimens deriving from non‐malignant osseous lesions were immunohistochemically stained for bax, bcl‐2, and p53 proteins, while apoptosis was investigated by the TUNEL method. The results were statistically analyzed.ResultsP53, bax, and bcl‐2 protein expression was observed in 22 (62.9%), 29 (82.9%), and 18 (51.4%) osteosarcoma patients, respectively. Non‐specific positive TUNEL staining (±) was observed in two primary osteosarcoma cases (5.7%). None of the benign controls expressed any of the genes studied. None of the apoptosis‐related genes studied was able to predict overall or disease‐free survival in our group of patients. Nevertheless, increased bax/bcl‐2 protein expression ratio was associated with a decreased 4‐year survival and disease free survival (P = 0.0229 and P = 0.0370, respectively). Furthermore, all the patients who were bax(+)/bcl‐2(−)/p53(+) relapsed within the 4‐year follow‐up period (P = 0.0385).ConclusionsThe increased apoptotic rate as determined by an elevated bax/bcl‐2 protein expression ratio or by the bax(+)/bcl‐2(−)/p53(+) protein expression pattern, appears to identify groups of osteosarcoma patients with unfavorable prognosis. J. Surg. Oncol. 2008;97:259–266. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Results of limb‐salvage surgery with vascular reconstruction for soft tissue sarcoma in the lower extremity: Comparison between only arterial and arterovenous reconstruction
Authors: Tsukushi Satoshi , Nishida Yoshihiro , Sugiura Hideshi , Nakashima Hiroatsu , Ishiguro Naoki 
Published: December 2007

AbstractBackgroundReports on vascular reconstruction in conjunction with limb salvage techniques for soft tissue sarcomas in the lower extremity have been published. The aim of this study was to investigate the necessity for venous reconstruction by comparing the results of arterial reconstruction alone and those of arteriovenous reconstruction.MethodsTwenty‐five (6.7%) of 373 patients underwent vascular resections for lower limb soft tissue sarcomas. Only arterial reconstruction was performed for 12 patients. Arteriovenous reconstruction was performed for 13 patients. The clinical results, complications, and postoperative function were compared between only arterial reconstruction group and arteriovenous reconstruction group.ResultsLimb salvage was achieved in 92% of all cases. No local recurrence has been observed. Nineteen patients (76%) are continuously free of disease. Histopathologic examination of the specimens showed that blood vessels had been infiltrated in 24%. The mean Musculoskeletal Tumor Society score was 70%. There were no significant differences in complication rate and postoperative function between two groups.ConclusionsWide resection with vascular reconstruction for patients of soft tissue sarcomas involving major vessels in the lower limb provide long term local control and limb salvage. This study could not indicate the usefulness of additional venous reconstruction after vascular resection in the lower extremity. J. Surg. Oncol. 2008;97:216–220. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
High operative risk of cool‐tip radiofrequency ablation for unresectable pancreatic head cancer. John S, Anastasios D, Nikolaos M, Spiros K, Archodia V, Athanasios R, Athina C. 2007. J Surg Oncol 96: 89–90
Authors: Spiliotis John D. , Datsis Anastasios C. , Michalopoulos Nikolaos V. , Kekelos Spiros P. , Vaxevanidou Archodia , Rogdakis Athanasios G. , Christopoulou Athina N. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThe article to which this erratum refers was published in J Surg Oncol (2007) 96: 89–90. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.In the original article by Spiliotis et al., the authors' first names and surnames were inverted. The authorship appears here in its correct format.
No mucosal escape of signet‐ring cell carcinoma for ten years in a patient with familial aggregation of gastric cancer
Authors: Tanis Pieter J. , Ten Kate Fiebo J.W. , van Lanschot J. Jan B. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractA 31‐year‐old women with familial aggregation of gastric cancer had signet‐ring cell carcinoma in random biopsies from the gastric corpus. Surgery was initially refused by the patient. Total gastrectomy was performed 10 years later and pathological examination of the specimen still revealed only intramucosal carcinoma. Microsatellite instability or decreased E‐cadherin expression could not be identified. A missense mutation in the CDH1 gene was identified. She is alive without evidence of disease 6 years postoperatively. J. Surg. Oncol. 2008;97:294–296. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mixed ductal‐endocrine carcinoma derived from intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) of the pancreas identified by human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) expression
Authors: Hashimoto Yasushi , Murakami Yoshiaki , Uemura Kenichiro , Hayashidani Yasuo , Sudo Takeshi , Ohge Hiroki , Sueda Taijiro , Shimamoto Fumio , Hiyama Eiso 
Published: December 2007

AbstractWe report a case of mixed ductal‐endocrine carcinoma derived from intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) of the pancreas. The tumor presented intermingled exocrine and endocrine carcinomatous components and expressed intense human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), further confirming the malignant features. This pathologically unique tumor is the first case of mixed ductal‐endocrine carcinoma derived from pancreatic IPMN and telomerase activation could play a potential role in the neoplastic progression of mixed ductal‐endocrine carcinomas of the pancreas. J. Surg. Oncol. 2008;97:469–475. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Laser Micro Processing of Semiconductors and Dielectrics
Authors: Weiler Sascha 
Published: December 2007

AbstractIn 2007 the semiconductor manufacturing industry is expected to make more than $250 billion gross revenue and invest over $40 billion in new equipment. The demand for cheaper and increasingly powerful end products, like PCs, Laptops and MP3 Players is the driving force for further development of production equipment. Barrier breaking picosecond lasers for direct ablation of semiconductors are paving the way for the next generation of such machinery.
The Whole is More Than the Sum of its Parts
Authors: Fries Thomas 
Published: December 2007

AbstractWhether it is in semiconductors, nanotechnology or even in the field of laser and optics, the trend towards down‐scaling can be observed in nearly every industrial sector. Smaller structures lead to better performance, less weight and energy consumption or special properties when it comes to nanotechnology. Though, in order to design and produce these structures, R&D and production departments need flexible solutions for measuring surfaces with a high dynamic range from the sub‐nanometer to the meter.
Soil salinity dynamics in irrigated fields and its effects on paddy‐based rotation systems in southern Kazakhstan
Authors: Sugimori Y. , Funakawa S. , Pachikin K. M. , Ishida N. , Kosaki T. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractAgricultural production in southern Kazakhstan has experienced significant economic difficulty since the 1980s, accelerating agronomic problems including the salinization of irrigated fields. A thorough understanding of the up‐to‐date situation of soil salinization and its effects on cropping systems is necessary in order to establish sustainable agricultural systems with avoiding land degradation for the region. This study examined the relationships between soil salinity, crop yield and affecting factors including local terrain for two farms. Both farms are characterised by a gentle slope, flat area and localised depressions. Most of the paddy fields showed wash‐out of salts during the irrigation period except in waterlogged fields situated in depressions. Rice yield was adversely affected by the remaining soil salinity, deep ponding water and insufficient drainage capacity in the lower part of the irrigation system. Salt accumulation in the upland fields appeared to increase with cropping years, and was associated with groundwater depth that became shallower at the lower parts of the irrigation systems, adversely affecting the crop growth in most fields. Since the cropping patterns had recently changed in the region, each pattern was compared against the recommendation of this study. Most patterns were concluded to be potentially effective for preventing soil salinization if conducted under an optimum economic and social system. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Regularization in model updating
Authors: Titurus B. , Friswell M. I. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThis paper presents the theory of sensitivity‐based model updating with a special focus on the properties of the solution that result from the combination of optimization of the response prediction with a priori information about the uncertain parameters. Model updating, together with the additional regularization criterion, is an optimization with two objective functions, and must be linearized to obtain the solution. Structured solutions are obtained, based on the generalized singular value decomposition (GSVD), and specific features of the parameter and response paths as the regularization parameter varies are explored. The four different types of spaces that arise in the solution are discussed together with the characteristics of the regularized solution families. These concepts are demonstrated on a simulated discrete example and on an experimental case study. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.