bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Limited resection and free jejunal graft interposition for squamous cell carcinoma of the cervical oesophagus
Authors: Ott K , Lordick F , Molls M , Bartels H , Biemer E , Siewert J R 
Published: February 2009

Abstract

Background
Therapeutic strategies for cervical oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are controversial. Treatment options range from definitive radiotherapy to multimodal treatment. Outcome after limited resection and reconstruction with a free jejunal graft interposition was evaluated retrospectively.

Methods
Patients with clinical T1–4 Nx M0 tumours treated between 1986 and 2006 were included.

Results
Of 109 patients, 94 underwent preoperative chemoradiotherapy and 15 had a primary resection. Complete or partial preservation of the larynx was achieved in 93 patients (85·3 per cent). Minor and major complications occurred in 74·3 per cent, with 44·0 per cent of all patients having more than one complication. Reoperation was necessary in 29·4 per cent. The 30-day mortality rate was 1·8 per cent, and the in-hospital mortality rate 2·8 per cent. The complete R0 resection rate was 72·5 per cent. Median overall survival was 34·3 months; 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates were 83·8, 47·0 and 47·0 per cent respectively. Survival was not influenced by complications (P = 0·401) or reoperation (P = 0·428).

Conclusion
Despite high complication and reoperation rates, the mortality rate was low, even after preoperative chemoradiation. This complex surgical strategy is a treatment option for cervical SCC in oncological centres with an infrastructure providing multidisciplinary management.
Degradation of mesh coatings and intraperitoneal adhesion formation in an experimental model
Authors: Schreinemacher M H F , Emans P J , Gijbels M J J , Greve J-W M , Beets G L , Bouvy N D 
Published: February 2009

Abstract

Background
In laparoscopic ventral hernia repair a mesh is placed in direct contact with the viscera, often leading to substantial adhesions. In this experimental study the ability of different coated and uncoated meshes to attenuate adhesion formation was examined.

Methods
Six commercially available meshes were placed intraperitoneally against a closed peritoneum in rats: Prolene® (polypropylene), Timesh® and Ultrapro® (polypropylene composites with titanium and polyglecaprone respectively), Proceed® and Parietex Composite® (polypropylene and polyester meshes coated with a layer of cellulose and collagen respectively) and C-Qur® (polypropylene mesh coated with a layer of omega-3 fatty acids). Adhesions and incorporation were evaluated macroscopically and microscopically after 7 and 30 days.

Results
Parietex Composite® and C-Qur® significantly reduced adhesion formation at 7 days' follow-up compared with all other meshes. By 30 days, this effect had diminished as a significant increase in adhesions together with phagocytosis of the coating was seen for all meshes with layered coatings (Proceed®, Parietex Composite® and C-Qur®). Incorporation was insufficient for all meshes.

Conclusion
The absorbable layers of Parietex Composite® and C-Qur® reduce adhesion formation to intraperitoneal mesh in the short term, but the effect diminishes and phagocytosis of absorbable coatings may contribute to adhesion formation.
Timing and impact of infections in acute pancreatitis
Authors: Besselink M G , van Santvoort H C , Boermeester M A , Nieuwenhuijs V B , van Goor H , Dejong C H C , Schaapherder A F , Gooszen H G 
Published: February 2009

Abstract

Background
Although infected necrosis is an established cause of death in acute pancreatitis, the impact of bacteraemia and pneumonia is less certain.

Methods
This was a cohort study of 731 patients with a primary episode of acute pancreatitis in 2004–2007, including 296 patients involved in a randomized controlled trial to investigate the value of probiotic treatment in severe pancreatitis. Time of onset of bacteraemia, pneumonia, infected pancreatic necrosis, persistent organ failure and death were recorded.

Results
The initial infection in 173 patients was diagnosed a median of 8 (interquartile range 3–20) days after admission (infected necrosis, median day 26; bacteraemia/pneumonia, median day 7). Eighty per cent of 61 patients who died had an infection. In 154 patients with pancreatic parenchymal necrosis, bacteraemia was associated with increased risk of infected necrosis (65 versus 37·9 per cent; P = 0·002). In 98 patients with infected necrosis, bacteraemia was associated with higher mortality (40 versus 16 per cent; P = 0·014). In multivariable analysis, persistent organ failure (odds ratio (OR) 18·0), bacteraemia (OR 3·4) and age (OR 1·1) were associated with death.

Conclusion
Infections occur early in acute pancreatitis, and have a significant impact on mortality, especially bacteraemia. Prophylactic strategies should focus on early intervention.
A predictive model for local recurrence after transanal endoscopic microsurgery for rectal cancer
Authors: Bach S P , Hill J , Monson J R T , Simson J N L , Lane L , Merrie A , Warren B , Mortensen N J McC 
Published: February 2009

Abstract

Background
The outcome of local excision of early rectal cancer using transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) lacks consensus. Screening has substantially increased the early diagnosis of tumours. Patients need local treatments that are oncologically equivalent to radical surgery but safer and functionally superior.

Methods
A national database, collated prospectively from 21 regional centres, detailed TEM treatment in 487 subjects with rectal cancer. Data were used to construct a predictive model of local recurrence after TEM using semiparametric survival analyses. The model was internally validated using measures of calibration and discrimination.

Results
Postoperative morbidity and mortality were 14·9 and 1·4 per cent respectively. The Cox regression model predicted local recurrence with a concordance index of 0·76 using age, depth of tumour invasion, tumour diameter, presence of lymphovascular invasion, poor differentiation and conversion to radical surgery after histopathological examination of the TEM specimen.

Conclusion
Patient selection for TEM is frequently governed by fitness for radical surgery rather than suitable tumour biology. TEM can produce long-term outcomes similar to those published for radical total mesorectal excision surgery if applied to a select group of biologically favourable tumours. Conversion to radical surgery based on adverse TEM histopathology appears safe for p T1 and p T2 lesions.
Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction
Authors: De Giorgio R , Knowles C H 
Published: February 2009

AbstractBackgroundAcute colonic pseudo-obstruction is characterized by clinical and radiological evidence of acute large bowel obstruction in the absence of a mechanical cause. The condition usually affects elderly people with underlying co-morbidities, and early recognition and appropriate management are essential to reduce the occurrence of life-threatening complications.MethodsA part-systematic review was conducted. This was based on key publications focusing on advances in management.Results and conclusionsAlthough acute colonic dilatation has been suggested to result from a functional imbalance in autonomic nerve supply, there is little direct evidence for this. Other aetiologies derived from the evolving field of neurogastroenterology remain underexplored. The rationale of treatment is to achieve prompt and effective colonic decompression. Initial management includes supportive interventions that may be followed by pharmacological therapy. Controlled clinical trials have shown that the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor neostigmine is an effective treatment with initial response rates of 60–90 per cent; other drugs for use in this area are in evolution. Colonoscopic decompression is successful in approximately 80 per cent of patients, with other minimally invasive strategies continuing to be developed. Surgery has thus become largely limited to those in whom complications occur. A contemporary management algorithm is provided on this basis.
Radioimmunotherapy prevents local recurrence of colonic cancer in an experimental model
Authors: de Jong G M , Boerman O C , Heskamp S , Aarts F , Bleichrodt R P , Hendriks T 
Published: February 2009

AbstractBackgroundRadioimmunotherapy (RIT) is suitable for the treatment of microscopic residual disease and might therefore have an adjuvant role after colonic cancer surgery.MethodsAn anastomosis was constructed in male Wag/Rij rats after intraluminal injection of 2 × 106 CC531 tumour cells. The biodistribution of 111In-labelled MG1 monoclonal antibody was assessed after intraperitoneal administration. The therapeutic efficacy of 177Lu-labelled MG1 (74 MBq per rat), administered on the day of surgery (D0, n = 13) or 5 days later (D5, n = 13), was compared with that of carrier only (n = 13). The primary endpoint was perianastomotic tumour growth 28 days after surgery.Results111In-labelled MG1 preferentially accumulated in perianastomotic CC531 tumours. RIT resulted in a transient reduction in bodyweight in both treatment groups compared with controls, but there were no other signs of clinical discomfort. No macroscopic or microscopic perianastomotic tumour growth was found in eight of 11 animals in the D0 group and 11 of 13 in the D5 group, whereas 11 of 13 controls had macroscopic tumour (P = 0·011 and P = 0·001 respectively).ConclusionThis study suggests that RIT may be an effective adjuvant treatment for preventing local recurrence after resection of colonic cancer.
Donor kidney disease and transplant outcome for kidneys donated after cardiac death
Authors: Wells A C , Rushworth L , Thiru S , Sharples L , Watson C J E , Bradley J A , Pettigrew G J 
Published: February 2009

Abstract

Background
Although outcomes of kidney transplants following donation after cardiac death (DCD) and donation after brainstem death (DBD) are similar, generally only optimal younger DCD donors are considered. This study examined the impact of pre-existing donor kidney disease on the outcome of DCD transplants.

Methods
This retrospective study compared the outcome of all DCD kidney transplants performed during 1996–2006 with contemporaneous kidney transplants from DBD donors. Implantation biopsies were scored for glomerular, tubular, parenchymal and vascular disease (global histology score). There were 104 DCD and 104 DBD kidney transplants.

Results
Delayed graft function (DGF) occurred more frequently in DCD than DBD kidneys (64·4 versus 28·8 per cent; P &lt; 0·001). Long-term graft outcome was similar. The only donor factor that influenced outcome was baseline kidney disease, which was similar in both groups, even though DCD donors were younger, with a higher predonation estimated glomerular filtration rate. The global histology score predicted DGF (odds ratio 1·85 per unit; P = 0·006) and graft failure (relative risk 1·55 per unit; P = 0·001), although there was no difference for DCD and DBD kidneys.

Conclusion
Transplant outcomes for DCD and DBD kidneys are comparable. Baseline donor kidney disease influences DGF and graft survival but the impact is no greater for DCD kidneys.
Clinical, physiological and radiological assessment of rectovaginal septum reinforcement with mesh for complex rectocele (Br J Surg2008; 95: 1264–72)
Authors: Zbar A P , Ansari A 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe Editors welcome topical correspondence from readers relating to articles published in the Journal. Responses should be sent electronically via the BJS website (www.bjs.co.uk). All letters will be reviewed and, if approved, appear on the website. A selection of these will be edited and published in the Journal. Letters must be no more than 250 words in length.
A Windows‐based interface for teaching image processing
Authors: Ayala Melvin , Adjouadi Malek , Cabrerizo Mercedes , Barreto Armando 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe use of image processing in research represents a challenge to the scientific community interested in its various applications but is not familiar with this area of expertise. In academia as well as in industry, fundamental concepts such as image transformations, filtering, noise removal, morphology, convolution/deconvolution among others require extra efforts to be understood. Additionally, algorithms for image reading and visualization in computers are not always easy to develop by inexperienced researchers. This type of environment has lead to an adverse situation where most students and researchers develop their own image processing code for operations which are already standards in image processing, a redundant process which only exacerbates the situation. The research proposed in this article, with the aim to resolve this dilemma, is to propose a user‐friendly computer interface that has a dual objective which is to free students and researchers from the learning time needed for understanding/applying diverse imaging techniques but to also provide them with the option to enhance or reprogram such algorithms with direct access to the software code. The interface was thus developed with the intention to assist in understanding and performing common image processing operations through simple commands that can be performed mostly by mouse clicks. The visualization of pseudo code after each command execution makes the interface attractive, while saving time and facilitating to users the learning of such practical concepts. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 18: 213–224, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com); DOI 10.1002/cae.20171
Dynamics simulation toolbox for industrial robot manipulators
Authors: Toz Metin , Kucuk Serdar 
Published: February 2009

AbstractA new robot toolbox for dynamics simulation based on MATLAB Graphical User Interface (GUI) is developed for educational purposes. It is built on the previous version named as ROBOLAB performing only the kinematics analysis of robot manipulators. The toolbox presented in this paper provides interactive real‐time simulation and visualization of the industrial robot manipulator's dynamics based on Langrange–Euler and Newton–Euler formulations. Since most of the industrial robot manipulators are produced with six degrees of freedom (DOF) such as the PUMA 560, the Fanuc ArcMate 120iB and Stanford Arm, the library of the toolbox includes sixteen fundamental 6‐DOF robot manipulators with Euler wrist. The software can be used to interactively perform robotics analysis and off‐line programming of robot dynamics such as forward and inverse dynamics as well as to interactively teach and simulate the basic principles of robot dynamics in a very realistic way. In order to demonstrate the user‐friendly features of the toolbox much better, simulation of the NS robot manipulator (Stanford Arm) is provided as an example. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 18: 319–330, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com); DOI 10.1002/cae.20262
Visual clustering of multidimensional educational data from an intelligent tutoring system
Authors: Dogan Buket , Camurcu A. Yilmaz 
Published: February 2009

AbstractData mining can be used in the educational field to make teaching more effective, to provide help for the student and teacher, and to analyze data. Data mining can be useful with educational software like intelligent tutoring systems which contain large quantities of data about students and their degree of success, scores, and errors. By analyzing these data, it is possible to obtain pedagogically reliable information as feedback for the teacher. The objectives of this study are to cluster the data available from an Intelligent Tutoring System (ITS) and to visualize the multidimensional data analysis results. In this study, the ITS data, which contain exam results on six different concepts, are clustered usingk‐means and fuzzyc‐means algorithms, and the clustering performance of the two algorithms is compared. Cluster analysis results are visualized using a parallel coordinate system. Clustering and visualizing of the concept‐level scores is used to provide meaningful and nontrivial insights into the workings of a course. Such information is useful for the teacher to discover which concepts give students difficulty and which do not. The paper also describes the data mining software developed in this study and the analytical results obtained. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 18: 375–382, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com); DOI 10.1002/cae.20272
Integration of computations and experiments for flow control research with undergraduate students
Authors: Aradag Selin , Cohen Kelly , Seaver Christopher A. , McLaughlin Thomas 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe methods and outcome of a senior undergraduate project related to the control of a turbulent cylinder wake flow using plasma actuators are summarized in this article. The study integrates computational fluid dynamics (CFD) with experimentation and combines fluid mechanics with flow control research, crossing the boundaries between engineering disciplines. Comput. Appl. Eng. Educ. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 18: 727–735, 2010; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com; DOI 10.1002/cae.20278
Investigating static and dynamic characteristics of electromechanical actuators (EMA) with MATLAB GUIs
Authors: Sefkat Gursel 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThis paper deals with the design of an electromechanical device considering some prescribed performance requirements, and static and dynamic analysis of this device are carried out. In studying the transient response of such a system, as part of dynamic analysis, two methods mostly used finite element method (FEM) and finite differences method (FDM). However, these methods need much CPU time. In this work, a computer simulator program is developed for an EMA. This technique is implemented in the MATLAB‐Simulink environment and tested for different design tasks such as electromagnetic valves or electromechanical brakes etc. Furthermore, by using GUIDE tools within MATLAB, a simple useful and user‐friendly GUI structure is developed to provide a visual approach to design and analysis process. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 18: 383–396, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com); DOI 10.1002/cae.20279
A data logger for teaching data capturing and analysis to engineering students
Authors: Ibrahim Dogan 
Published: February 2009

AbstractData logging is the process of collecting and storing data from an experiment. Traditionally, data from science experiments was collected manually by hand and graphs were produced using pen and paper. By the introduction of cheap and powerful microcontrollers, all data logging operations are currently carried out using microcontroller‐based data logging devices. This article describes the design of an educational microcontroller‐based data logger device, which can be used to collect and save data for both offline and online analysis. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 18: 397–405, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com); DOI 10.1002/cae.20281
Effects of caffeine and theophylline on coronary hyperemia induced by adenosine or dipyridamole
Authors: Salcedo Jonathan , Kern Morton J. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractObjectives: The aims of this review are to examine the biochemical features of theophylline, caffeine, adenosine, and dipyridamole, their effects on coronary hyperemia, and to make recommendations on performing hyperemic lesion assessment after taking caffeine or theophylline. Background: It is commonly thought that caffeine and theophylline interfere with adenosine and dipyridamole induced coronary hyperemia, thus frequently delaying scheduled assessments after inadvertent consumption. However, a limited amount of studies address the interactions of these substances thus leaving no clear consensus on when to delay coronary assessment after their intake. Methods: For biochemical information on each substance, online and textbook references were utilized. For studies on the interactions of the substances with coronary hyperemia, broad search terms such as “caffeine AND adenosine” were applied in the major research data bases. Results: A serum caffeine level of 3 to 4 mg/L at the time of an adenosine‐hyperemia study does not affect the ability of perfusion stress imaging to detect coronary artery disease. The interactions of theophylline with adenosine‐hyperemia are less clear while both caffeine and theophylline show significant interaction with dipyridamole‐hyperemia. Conclusions: For dipyridamole‐stress myocardial perfusion studies, caffeine products and theophylline medications should be discontinued for 24 hr. For adenosine‐stress myocardial perfusion studies, theophylline medications should be discontinued for 12 hr; however, one cup of coffee may be taken up to 1 hr before the test without necessitating a delay or cancellation of the study. These same considerations hold true for patients undergoing cardiac catheterization and intravenous adenosine‐induced hyperemia. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A novel stenting technique for coronary artery bifurcation stenosis
Authors: Y‐Hassan Shams , Lindroos Magnus C. , Sylvén Christer 
Published: February 2009

AbstractA novel stenting technique, using one stent strategy, designed to treat type Medina 1,0,0 coronary bifurcation lesions, is described. The atherosclerotic plaque burden in this category of bifurcation lesions is located in the proximal segment of the main branch (MB) of a coronary bifurcation in which the side branch has a sharp angulation (T‐ or reverse‐shaped) relative to the MB. The advantages of this technique are the accurate placement of the stent tailored to cover solely the bifurcation lesion, shoving the plaque burden away from the side branch ostium during stent expansion and the ability to maintain guide wire access in the branch at highest risk of occlusion obviating the need for more cumbersome and time consuming percutaneous coronary intervention procedure. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.