bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabolomics analysis of patients with Schistosoma japonicum infection based on UPLC-MS method
Authors: Li Junhui , Jiang Jie , Zhu Yi , Zhang Yu , Zhu Jiang , Ming Yingzi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Schistosomiasis is still one of the most serious parasitic diseases. Evidences showed that metabolite profile in serum has potential to act as markers for parasitic disease diagnosis, evaluation of disease progression and prognosis. However, the serum metabolome in patients with Schistosoma japonicum infection was not well-defined. In this study, we investigated the metabolite profiles of patients with chronic S. japonicum infection and those with advanced S. japonicum infection.
Methods
In this study, 15 patients with advanced S. japonicum infection, 33 patients with chronic S. japonicum infection and 17 healthy volunteers were included according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) was used to perform metabolomics analysis of serum samples from the participants.
Results
We observed significant differences in metabolite profiles in positive and negative ion modes between patients with advanced S. japonicum infection and patients with chronic S. japonicum infection. Compared with patients with chronic S. japonicum infection, we found that 199 metabolites were significantly up-regulated and 207 metabolites were significantly down-regulated in patients with advanced S. japonicum infection. These differential metabolites were mainly concentrated in steroid hormone biosynthesis, cholesterol metabolism and bile secretion pathways. We also found that certain bile acids levels were significantly up-regulated in the progression from chronic S. japonicum infection to advanced S. japonicum infection. In receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analysis, we identified 3 metabolites with AUC higher than 0.8, including GCA, GCDCA, and TCDCA, concentrated in cholesterol metabolism, biliary secretion, and primary bile acid biosynthesis.
Conclusions
This study provided evidences that glycocholic acid (GCA), glycochenodeoxycholate (GCDCA) and taurochenodeoxycholic acid (TCDCA) have potential to act as novel metabolite biomarkers to distinguish patients in different stages of S. japonicum infection. This study will contribute to the understanding of the metabolite mechanisms of the transition from chronic to advanced S. japonicum infection, although more studies are needed to validate this potential role and explore the underlying mechanisms.
Ab initio calculation of magnetic field induction of nanowires
Authors: Tawfik Sherif Abdulkader 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The narrower a conductor is, the more significant is its induced magnetic field, the Ørsted magnetic field. The calculation of the Ørsted magnetic field in current-carrying wires is a standard textbook exercise that generally assumes that the wire has a circular cross-section, and applies a simplified form of the Biot-Savart equation. For non-circular cross-sections, such as infinitely thin or rectangular slabs, there are also simplified forms of the equation, but are less known. While such formalism can be suitable for macroscopic wire structures, it will not be ideal for nano-sized wire structures because of the presence of structural features that are likely to have significant consequences on the structure of the Ørsted magnetic field. This work introduces a novel approach for the prediction of the Ørsted magnetic field in a nanowire that combines the current magnetization hypothesis [Eur. Phys. J. Plus 137, 378 (2022)] with a molecular dynamics simulation approach using the electron force field. This formalism is applied in the present work for the prediction of the induced magnetic field in a lithium nanowire, and is shown to exhibit agreement with the Biot-Savart results. The formalism can be utilized for predicting the Ørsted magnetic field of more complex nano-conductors, as well as high-precision magnetic sensing for molecules.
Performance Analysis of Backpropagation Artificial Neural Networks with Various Activation Functions and Network Sizes
Authors: Hosseinzadeh Hamed 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This paper conducts a comprehensive performance analysis of Back Propagation Artificial Neural Networks (BP-ANNs) utilizing various activation functions. Activation functions play a crucial role in shaping neural networks' behavior and learning capabilities. Through systematic evaluation across diverse network sizes (numbers of hidden layers and neurons), this study assesses the impact of commonly employed activation functions—such as Sigmoidalm, Tanh, Cloglog, Aranda, and others—on the convergence speed and accuracy of BP-ANNs. The findings provide empirical insights essential for optimizing neural network artificial intelligence architectures tailored to specific applications and datasets.
Morphological characterization of anterior axial bifurcation in Holothuria (Halodeima) grisea and other puzzling occurrences in Holothuroidea
Authors: Rupp Guilherme Sabino , Martins Luciana , Souto Camilla , Hamel Jean-François , Mercier Annie 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The present study explores rare but taxonomically and geographically broad cases of anterior body axial bifurcation in adult sea cucumbers (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea). The case of Holothuria (Halodeima) grisea, a common intertidal species along the Brazilian coast, was studied externally and internally. Individuals of Apostichopus californicus in the United States of America, H. (Mertensiothuria) leucospilota in La Réunion (France), H. (Panningothuria) forskali in Spain, and Parastichopus tremulus in Norway, were also reported to display similar anterior body axial bifurcation. In each of them, the anterior body presented two mouths with their respective crown of tentacles. In vivo observations of H. (Halodeima) grisea showed that the two tentacle crowns and mouths were independently functional. Micro-computed tomography (μCT) revealed that the anterior region of the body (up to the pharynx) was duplicated. Internally, two aquapharyngeal bulbs were found, each with their own calcareous ring (one with two plates missing), madreporite, and Polian vesicles. The body presented a normal set of five longitudinal muscle bands, some of which bifurcated orally to support more than one calcareous ring plate. This is the first report of such abnormalities in Holothuroidea and hypotheses that may explain such phenomenon are discussed.
Nonlinear optimal control for supply chain networks under time-delays
Authors: Rigatos Gerasimos , Siani Pierluigi , Al-Numay Mohammed , Abbaszadeh Masoud , Liu Jie , Sarno Debora 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The article proposes a nonlinear optimal control method for treating the control and stabilization problem of supply chain networks and inventories under time-delays. The state-space model of the supply chain network is considered to have as state variables the customer's demand and the inventories of the manufacturer, of the retailers and of the distributors. The control inputs of the model are the manufacturer's production and the retailer's ordering quantities. The model is subject to time-delays. It is proven that the dynamic model of the supply chain is differentially flat. This model undergoes approximate linearization around a temporary operating point that is recomputed at each time-step of the control method. The linearization relies on Taylor series expansion and on the associated Jacobian matrices. For the linearized state-space model of the supply chain a stabilizing optimal (H-infinity) feedback controller is designed. This controller stands for the solution to the nonlinear optimal control problem under model uncertainty and external perturbations. To compute the controller's feedback gains an algebraic Riccati equation is repetitively solved at each iteration of the control algorithm. The stability properties of the control method are proven through Lyapunov analysis. The method achieves fast and accurate tracking of the targeted setpoints by the state variables of the supply chain system under moderate variations of the control inputs.
Influence of Concrete Creep on the Bending of a Prestressed Bridge Beam
Authors: Gaidzhurov Petr P. , Iskhakova Elvira R. , Saveleva Nina A. 
Published: March 2024

By present time significant experimental and theoretical material on concrete creep has been accumulated. At the same time, the known approaches to calculation of concrete and reinforced concrete structures with regard to creep are oriented mainly to solving problems with relatively simple geometry of the product. Moreover, there are no mechanic-mathematical models of hereditary type oriented to the finite-element method.The concept of modelling of long-term deformation of reinforced concrete structures in a three-dimensional statement, based on the use of the integral deformation modulus of concrete, does not allow one to carry out designing considering the technological prehistory. Therefore, the problem of developing a finite-element algorithm and corresponding software allowing the modelling of the volumetric stress-strain state of large-span prestressed reinforced concrete structures within the framework of the theory of hereditary aging is relevant.
Effect of Negative Temperatures on the Strength and Deformability of a Reinforced Concrete Element
Authors: Istomin Andrey D. , Petrova Victoria A. 
Published: March 2024

One of the main components of the economic development of the Russian Federation is the current trend in the development of the territories of the Far North and the Arctic. The need for such development is enshrined at the state level in various programs. Experiments on the study of the effect of negative temperatures on the operation of reinforcing steel show that with decreasing temperature, an increase in strength and modulus of elasticity is observed. At the same time, there are no unified recommendations on the deformation and strength properties of reinforcement for calculating reinforced concrete structures under conditions of low and ultra-low negative temperatures. RF standards do not take into account the influence of climatic (up to -70°C) and technological (up to -196°C) negative temperatures on the deformation and strength characteristics of reinforcing steel.The purpose of this work was to experimentally study the effect of negative temperatures (up to -196°C) on the deformation-strength properties of reinforcement, concrete and reinforced concrete rod elements. Concrete prisms 10x10x40 cm, samples of reinforcement of a periodic profile of class A400 and reinforced concrete prismatic rods with a section size of 12x18 cm and a reinforcement percentage of 1.45% were taken as prototypes. At the same time, the negative temperature of the tests varied. As a result of the studies carried out with centrally stretched reinforced concrete elements, it was found that lowering the temperature to -165°С leads to an in-crease in the cracking force by 162%; strength by 85%. Empirical dependencies are proposed to determine the deformation-strength characteristics of reinforcing steel, depending on the negative temperature.
Investigation of the Influence of Local Low Strength Concrete on the Bearing Capacity of Bending Reinforced Concrete Beams
Authors: Tamrazyan A. G. 
Published: March 2024

Reinforced concrete beams can experience local low concrete strength under certain conditions, for example, poor construction practices can cause problems such as concrete voids, surface cavities, block cracking, surface sinks and create areas of low concrete strength. This study presents the response of flexural hinge-supported reinforced concrete beams with different local areas of low concrete strength along the span. Modified models are adopted to describe the concrete properties and an ideal elastic-plastic model is adopted for the steel properties. The beam was divided into three main parts: one sensitive to bending moment, the second sensitive to shear, and the third sensitive to bond. The variables included two types of concrete strength and one reinforcement diameter. The results show that the most critical region with low concrete strength along the span of the beam is the confluence zone near the supports, which is reflected in the ductility of the load-deflection curves. A new generalized empirical model is developed to predict the effect of bearing capacity reduction from local low-strength concrete.
Dynamics of Qibla Direction of the Great Mosque
Authors: Sakirman Sakirman , A Jamil A Jamil , Ardliansyah Moelki Fahmi 
Published: March 2024

Masjid Agung memiliki jam’ah shalat yang cukup signifikan. Ketika jama’ah melaksanakan ritual ibadah shalat di masjid tersebut, menghadapkan muka dan seluruh anggota tubuhnya ke arah kiblat adalah suatu kewajiban. Implikasi dari realitas tersebut, arah kiblat masjid Agung mestinya memiliki tingkat akurasi yang benar. Masjid agung di lampung memiliki tingkat akurasi yang beragam, pentingnya dilakukan verifikasi arah kiblat melalui titik koordinat dalam upaya pendataan tingkat akurasi arah kiblat masjid Agung di Lampung. Penelitian tentang verifikasi titik koordinat geografis arah kiblat masjid Agung adalah penelitian lapangan bersifat deskriptif kualitatif yang menggambarkan keadaan arah kiblat dan faktor penyebab terjadi penyimpangan, pergeseran, dan ketidakakuratan arah kiblat masjid Agung di Lampung. Data dikumpulkan dengan teknik observasi dan tindakan pengukuran. Tingkat akurasi arah kiblat masjid Agung di Lampung dapat dikelompokkan menjadi dua yaitu arah kiblat masjid yang diukur menggunakan teknologi dengan menurunkan konsep normatif melalui kaidah sains dan arah kiblat masjid Agung yang diukur atas dasar kesepakatan yang berdasarkan atas pemahaman mitologi yang turun temurun meskipun tingkat akurasi arah kiblatnya rendah tidak dilakukan rekonstruksi arah kiblat masjid agung.
THE PATIENT-PHYSICIAN RELATIONSHIP AND ROLE OF EMPATHIC COMMUNICATION IN CONTACT LENS PRACTICE
Authors: Fadel Daddi , Macedo-de-Araújo Rute J , Barnett Melissa 
Published: March 2024

Purpose: To assess the relationship between eye care practitioners and contact lens patients and todetermine how empathy is associated with patients’ overall satisfaction.
Methods: Multilingual electronic surveys shared by email and on social media in patients’ and practitioners’ groups. Ratings were converted to a numerical scale. The scores were compared using Wilcoxon rank sum tests.
Results: The survey had 804 responses: 68.4% were over 46 years old, and 58.1% were female. Only 770 reported the type of contact lens worn. Of all patients, 10.6% would not recommend their physician due to feeling excluded from decisions (55.3%), lack of personal interest (63.5%), no written recommendations (84%), and unmet expectations (77%). Scleral lens wearers were highly satisfied. Optometrists excelled in care, ratings, relationships, communication, symptom relief, and prevention.
Discussion: The findings highlight the importance of empathy in eye care and its impact on patient experiences. Factors such as contact lens type, physician recommendation, and physician type can influence the level of empathy perceived by patients. Satisfaction varied based on contact lens type, with soft and scleral lens wearers reporting better experiences. Patients valued physicians who listened, explained treatments, showed empathy, and had patient-centered communication and open-ended questions. Optometrists were scored higher than ophthalmologists in several aspects.
Conclusion: Patients, especially scleral lens patients, were generally satisfied with the services and care. Optometrists scored higher than ophthalmologists. Patients would not recommend their physicians mainly because of a lack of empathy.
Å gi rom for nye begynnelser: Demokratisering og dekolonisering gjennom arbeid med estetiske læringsprosesser og samiske perspektiver i høyere utdanning
Authors: Eriksen Kristin Gregers , Lund Åse , Bjerknes Anne-Line , Hof Jocelyne Von , Wilhelmsen Terese 
Published: March 2024

I denne artikkelen utforsker vi hvordan estetiske læringsprosesser kan bidra til endring i kunnskaps- og læringssyn i høyere utdanning. Det empiriske grunnlaget for artikkelen er kollektive autoetnografiske refleksjoner gjort i forbindelse med arbeid med samiske perspektiver i barnehagelærerutdanninga ved et norsk universitet. De autoetnografiske vignettene løfter fram erfaringene og læringsprosessene våre som undervisere, og setter dem i sammenheng med strukturelle, kulturelle og politiske faktorer. Analysene viser at estetiske læringsprosesser, gjennom å åpne for det uforutsette og gi rom for nye begynnelser, er særlig velegna for å stimulere demokratisering og dekolonisering. Dette kom til uttrykk i arbeidet gjennom emosjonelt engasjement, nedbrytning av asymmetriske maktrelasjoner, økt sjølrefleksjon og kunnskaps- og perspektivutvidelse. Samtidig belyser artikkelen hindre i arbeidet med å fremme slike prosesser i et akademia prega av nyliberalistiske føringer og målbarhetsidealer.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT
Providing Space for Emergences: Democratization and Decolonization through working with Aesthetic Learning Processes and Sámi Perspectives in Higher Education
In this article, we explore how aesthetic learning processes may contribute towards enabling change in the outlook on knowledge and learning in higher education. The empirical point of departure is collaborative, auto-ethnographic reflections that were made in relation to a development project on Sámi perspectives in early childhood teacher education at a Norwegian university. The auto-ethnographic vignettes highlight our experiences and learning processes as teachers, and connect these to structural, cultural, and political factors. The analyses imply that aesthetic learning processes, through giving space for the unforeseen and enabling new beginnings, are particularly well-suited to stimulate democratization and decolonization. This potential of enabling change was expressed through the work with emotional engagement, deconstruction of asymmetric power relations, increased self-reflexivity and expansion of the understandings of knowledge and learning. At the same time, the article shed light to obstacles encountered when striving to promote such processes in an academic system entrenched in neoliberalist logics and ideals.
KOMITE AUDIT, FINANCIAL DISTRESS, DAN MANAJEMEN LABA: STUDI EMPIRIS PADA BADAN USAHA MILIK NEGARA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Dewi Fajar Gustiawaty , Komalasari Agrianti , Alvia Liza 
Published: March 2024

Kondisi financial distress yang dialami oleh beberapa Badan Usaha Milik Negara (BUMN) belakangan ini memotivasi perlunya dilakukan penelitian mengenai faktor anteseden dan konsekuennya. Komite audit yang telah diwajibkan keberadaannya di semua BUMN menjadi salah satu pilar tata kelola yang baik untuk mencegah terjadinya financial distress. Namun perlu dilakukan evaluasi mengenai peran komite audit mengingat financial distress BUMN masih terjadi. Kondisi financial distress dapat mendorong manajer untuk melakukan manajemen laba agar labanya terlihat bagus dengan menggunakan kebijakan akuntansi akrual. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji model penelitian yang masih jarang dilakukan dengan menempatkan financial distress sebagai variabel pemediasi (mediating) pengaruh karakteristik komite audit terhadap praktik manajemen laba pada Badan Usaha Milik Negara. Hal ini diharapkan dapat memberikan jawaban mengapa pada BUMN yang merugi tiba-tiba dapat membukukan laba yang fantastis secara cepat. Penelitian ini akan dilakukan dengan menggunakan metoda kuantitatif untuk menguji dan menganalisis pengaruh aktivitas komite audit, ukuran komite audit, dan kompetensi komite audit dalam menurunkan praktik manajemen laba melalui penurunan financial distress pada BUMN. Penelitian ini menggunakan path analysis. Sampel penelitian diambil dengan menggunakan purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas dan kompetensi komite audit tidak berpengaruh terhadap financial distress. Ukuran komite audit berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap financial distress. Selanjutnya financial distress tidak berpengaruh terhadap manajemen laba, dan tidak memediasi pengaruh karakteristik komite audit terhadap manajemen laba. Hasil penelitian memberikan bukti bahwa peranan komite audit masih perlu ditingkatkan dalam mengatasi kesulitan keuangan yang dialami BUMN. Demikian pula peranan pemerintah sangat penting dalam membuat regulasi terkait peran komite audit.
Sago and Rice are Ambiguous: Food Security Under the Food Hood of Development Discourse in Mentawai Islands
Authors: Erwin Erwin , Irwandi Ade 
Published: March 2024

This article discusses the food polemic that occurs in Mentawai due to development programs. Since the New Order era until now, development programs have enveloped the lives of Mentawai people, disrupting the balance, especially food security issues. Analysis from FSVA (Food Security and Vulnerability Map) shows that Mentawai Islands regency is the only area that experiences food insecurity in West Sumatra province. Through a descriptive approach and elaborating on the results of previous research, it shows the factors of development programs carried out by the government that are fatal to the food security of the Mentawai people, especially the transition from sago to rice. The result shows that the food security of Mentawai people is disrupted through the development process with the mission of 'modernizing' Mentawai people. Thus, making them far away and even switch from local food, namely sago, taro and banana sourced from the forest to rice. This is due to the government intervention through the 'resettlement program', social assistance, limited forest access and weak economic capabilities that put them under the pressure of development discourse and as if they need help. Whereas it is not what Mentawai people want and need. As a result, their access to food, which has been sourced from the forest, has been replaced by the rice paddy printing program. However, as an ethnic group that has a culture of gathering and hunting and farming, they do not have the ability to grow crops (agriculture). Therefore, the Mentawai people are still in the poverty line and the dilemma between eating sago or rice, both of which are not easy to obtain.
Analisis Kemampuan Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah dalam Perannya Sebagai Pemimpin Pendidikan di Era New Normal
Authors: Triyanti Dinda Emilia , Gistituati Nurhizrah 
Published: March 2024

Kepemimpinan kepala sekolah merupakan faktor kunci keberhasilan sekolah. Kepala sekolah yang kurang mampu menjalankan perannya sebagai pemimpin sekolah, dapat mengakibatkan tidak terkelolanya sekolah dengan baik sehingga tujuan sekolah tidak tercapaia secara efektif dan efesien. Terlebih lagi di era new normal yang menyebabkan setiap satuan pendidikan harus mampu mengadaptasi kebiasaan baru. Hasil analisis studi pendahuluan menunjukkan kepemimpinan kepala sekolah masih belum dijalankan secara optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kemampuan kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dalam perannya sebagai pemimpin pendidikan di SMK Negeri di Kabupaten Bungo. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh guru SMK Negeri di Kabupaten Bungo yang berjumlah 386 orang. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 98 orang yang diambil dengan teknik Proportional stratified random sampling. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah angket model skala Likert yang telah teruji validitas dan reliabilitasnya. Data penelitian dianalisis dengan analisis deskriptif dengan membuat tabel distribusi frekuensi, histogram dan menentukan tingkat capaian responden serta memberikan menghitung persentase capaian dan menentukan kriteria capaian. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa kepemimpinan kepala sekolah secara umum berada pada kategori cukup mampu dengan persentase capaian 78,68%. Penelitian ini mengimplikasikan bahwa perlunya peningkatan terhadap kemampuan kepemimpinan kepala sekolah sehingga mampu memimpin sekolah secara lebih efektif dan efesien guna pencapaian tujuan sekolah.