bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Az optimális rekonstrukciós típus keresése totális gastrectomia utánr
Authors: Kalmár Katalin 
Published: April 2008

Absztrakt
A szerző három prospektív randomizált tanulmányban és egy klinikai kísérletben vizsgálja totális gastrectomia után a különféle rekonstrukciós típusok hatását a testsúly, testtömegindex, tápláltsági és immunológiai laboratóriumi paraméterek, motilitas, zsír- és szénhidrát-felszívódás, életminőség, valamint a gastrointestinalis hormonok termelődésének alakulására. Az első tanulmányban egy új típusú pótgyomor, az aboralis pótgyomor kerül összehasonlításra a Roux-Y rekonstrukcióval. A második tanulmányban ugyanezek, valamint az aboralis pótgyomor duodenumbekötéssel végzett verziója szerepelnek. Jobb zsírfelszívódás és életminőség mutatkozik aboralis pótgyomor esetén, és ezen előnyöket a duodenumbekötés fokozza, valamint előnyösebb vasháztartási paraméterekkel egészíti ki. A harmadik tanulmányban az aboralis pótgyomor kerül összehasonlításra a hagyományos oralis pótgyomorral, mindkét rekonstrukció duodenumbekötéssel végzett verziójával. Ezen két csoport között lényeges különbség nem igazolódott. A negyedik tanulmányban az első két tanulmány betegeinél végeztek a szerzők klinikai kísérletet a prae- és postprandialis glükóz-, inzulin-, cholecystokinin- és somatostatintermelés vizsgálatára, egészséges kontrollcsoporttal összehasonlítva. Szignifikáns különbségek igazolódtak a rekonstrukció típusától függően: a duodenumbekötéses rekonstrukciónál a fiziológiáshoz hasonló cholecystokinin- és somatostatingörbék mutatkoztak, míg a duodenumkizárásos rekonstrukcióknál kórosan magas értékeket mértek.
Polymerase Chain Reaction Amplification of Repetitive Intergenic Consensus and Repetitive Extragenic Palindromic Sequences for Molecular Typing of Pseudomonas anguilliseptica and Aeromonas salmonicida
Authors: Beaz-Hidalgo Roxana , López-Romalde Sonia , Toranzo Alicia E. , Romalde Jesús L. 
Published: April 2008

Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of two molecular techniques, repetitive extragenic palindromic polymerase chain reaction (REP-PCR) and repetitive intergenic consensus PCR (ERIC-PCR), as epidemiological tools with which to discriminate among genetically distinct strains within two bacterial fish pathogens, Pseudomonas anguilliseptica and Aeromonas salmonicida. A total of 30 A. salmonicida and 52 P. anguilliseptica were analyzed. For P. anguilliseptica, three different major fingerprints were obtained with both techniques, which defined three genomic groups: one was composed of strains isolated from eels Anguilla spp., the second of strains from turbot Scophthalmus maximus and blackspot seabream (also known as red seabream) Pagellus bogaraveo, and the third of strains from other fish species, such as gilthead seabream (also known as gilthead bream) Sparus auratus, sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax (also known as European bass Morone labrax), and salmonids. In the case of A. salmonicida, promising results were obtained with both techniques for subspecies differentiation. Thus, two genomic profiles were obtained by ERIC-PCR. The first profile consisted of A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida strains isolated from the different hosts. The second profile was composed of two A. salmonicida subsp. masoucida and one A. salmonicida subsp. achromogenes. Using REP-PCR, three genotypes were obtained within this pathogen that were related to the diverse subspecies analyzed. In summary, both methodologies are useful for typing distinct strains associated with different host species and therefore are helpful in epidemiological studies of P. anguilliseptica. In contrast, in the case of A. salmonicida, more studies are needed to determine their utility in discriminating the subspecies salmonicida from the other two subspecies.
Revised Phylogenetic Relationships among Herpesviruses Isolated from Sturgeons
Authors: Kurobe Tomofumi , Kelley Garry O. , Waltzek Thomas B. , Hedrick Ronald P. 
Published: April 2008

Abstract
Initial phylogenetic comparisons based on a region of the DNA polymerase of seven herpes-like viruses found in sturgeons in North America and Europe indicated the presence of three distinct clades. A revised phylogenetic analysis of the same viruses, based on corrected DNA polymerase sequences and newly obtained sequence data from the putative ATP subunit of the terminase gene, indicate only two clades. These two clades correspond to the historical designations given to these herpes-like viruses from white sturgeon Acipenser transmontanus: white sturgeon herpesvirus type 1 (WSHV-1) and type 2 (WSHV-2). The identification of putative terminase gene sequences for all seven herpes-like viruses from sturgeons confirms their affinity with the family Herpesviridae (because this gene is unique to herpesviruses) and more distantly with T4-like bacteriophages. The two clades of sturgeon herpesviruses are therefore appropriately designated as Acipenserid herpesviruses 1 and 2, which correspond to the previous common names of white sturgeon herpesvirus types 1 and 2.
Release of the lipid peroxidation marker 8-epi-prostaglandin F2α from isolated gill pavement cells
Authors: Spokas Eric G , Harshman Scott , Cohen Glenn M , Jiang Chen , Levine Jaime M , Rodriguez Ana R , Foglein Jon , Spur Bernd W 
Published: April 2008

Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate oxidative injury in gill pavement cells (GPCs) from fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) using F2-isoprostane (F2-iP) release as an index of lipid peroxidation. Cells were isolated from pooled gill tissue by collagenase treatment, mechanical sieving, and Percoll® density gradient centrifugation. Baseline levels of 8-epi-prostaglandin F2α (8-epi-PGF2α) were measured by incubating GPCs in physiological buffer (106 cells/ml) and enzyme immunoassay. After 60 min, the amount of immunoreactive 8-epi-PGF2α (ir8-epi-PGF2α) in control medium ranged from 1,374 to 5,515 pg/ml. Lead nitrate, 0.6 to 120 μM, did not influence ir8-epi-PGF2α release, whereas FeCl3 stimulated release at 500 μM but not at 5 μM. Incubation medium was extracted for acidic lipids and analyzed by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry/electrosprayionization. A compound in the medium exhibited a retention time on reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography nearly identical to that of synthetic 8-epi-PGF2α The mass spectrum taken from the total ion chromatogram from 14.8 to 15.1 min contained a prominent ion at m/z 353, as expected for the molecular ion of 8-epi-PGF2α. Similar results were obtained with tissue subjected to base hydrolysis. Mass spectra of extracted ion chromatograms obtained with gill extracts and authentic standard showed a close correspondence of fragment ions, providing definitive evidence for production and storage of F2-iPs by fish gills. In summary, F2-iP release occurs during lipid peroxidation injury to fish gill epithelium, and its measurement may facilitate aquatic toxicology studies of metallic and nonmetallic contaminants.
Topotactic Transformation of Single‐Crystalline Precursor Discs into Disc‐Like Bi2S3 Nanorod Networks
Authors: Li Lianshan , Sun Nijuan , Huang Youyuan , Qin Yao , Zhao Nana , Gao Jining , Li Meixian , Zhou Henghui , Qi Limin 
Published: April 2008

AbstractHierarchical, two‐dimensional (2D), disc‐like networks consisting of crossed single‐crystalline Bi2S3 nanorods have been synthesized via a novel 2D‐template‐engaged topotactic transformation process, which involves the formation of intermediate BiOCl single‐crystalline discs and their subsequent chemical transformation into disc‐like Bi2S3 nanofabrics. The transformation process from (001)‐oriented BiOCl discs to disc‐like Bi2S3 nanorod networks has been followed by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), electron diffraction (ED) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD), which revealed that the close matching between the lattice constants of the c‐axis for orthorhombic Bi2S3 and the a‐ or b‐axis for tetragonal BiOCl could be responsible for the preferential growth of [001]‐oriented Bi2S3 nanorods on the top faces of (001)‐oriented BiOCl discs along the two perpendicular [100] and [010] directions of BiOCl. The diameter of the Bi2S3 nanorods involved in the networks can be adjusted by changing the bismuth ion concentration in the reaction solution; moreover, an increase of the HCl concentration would prevent the formation of precursor BiOCl discs, leading to the formation of Bi2S3 nanostructures with varied morphologies. Charge–discharge curves and cyclic voltammograms of the obtained Bi2S3 nanostructures were measured to investigate their electrochemical hydrogen storage behaviors. It was found that the disc‐like Bi2S3 nanorod networks could electrochemically charge and discharge with a capacity of 162 mA h g−1 at room temperature, indicating their potential applications in hydrogen storage, high‐energy batteries, and catalytic fields.
Two peculiar conditions following a coma: A clinical case of heterotopic ossification concomitant with keloid formation
Authors: Palumbo Carla , Ferretti Marzia , Bonucci Pierluigi , Sena Paola , Bertoni Laura , Cavani Francesco , Celli Andrea , Rovesta Claudio 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe etiology and formation pattern of heterotopic ossifications (HO) are still unknown. They occur in soft tissues in which bone does not normally form, near one or more proximal joints. In this article, the authors report a peculiar case of a 31‐year‐old patient affected by scapulo‐humeral ankylosis that occurred about 6 months after a coma, in which two unusual concomitant conditions were observed: HO formation in the scapulo‐humeral region and the development of keloids during wound repair. The scapulo‐humeral ankylosis was resolved surgically with the removal of the HO, which was then studied morphologically to understand its formation pattern. By light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, it was observed that heterotopic bone displays the normal microscopic structure of primary bone, in which two types of bone tissue were recognized, i.e., woven‐fibered bone, deeply located and produced first, and lamellar bone. This suggests that the pattern of HO formation retraces the ontogenetic steps that normally occur during intramembranous ossification. The authors also discuss the peculiar concomitance of HO formation and keloid development, speculating that, although they are different conditions localized in dissimilar regions, they might be hypothetically triggered by a common event, such as the release of factors likely issued during the coma status. Clin. Anat. 21:348–354, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Morphological study of sinus flow in the confluence of sinuses
Authors: Park Hyung Ki , Bae Hack Gun , Choi Soon Kwan , Chang Jae Chil , Cho Sung Jin , Byun Bark Jang , Sim Ki Bum 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe confluence of sinuses (CS; torcular herophili) is represented by the junction of the superior sagittal (SSS), straight (SS), occipital (OS), and two transverse sinuses (TS). The objective of this study was to interpret sinus flow around the CS by morphological investigation of the sinuses. This study is based on visual examination of dural venous sinuses in the region of the CS in 31 adult cadavers. In the inflow zone, we examined the direction of SSS and SS flow. In the communication zone, we examined the extent to which outflow sinuses communicate with other sinuses. In the outflow zone, we used the diameters of outflow sinuses to determine anatomical dominance. The SSS entered the CS via the right TS in 16 cases (51.6%) and via the center of the CS in 14 cases (45.2%). The SS entered via the center of the CS in 18 cases (58.1%) and via the left TS in 11 cases (35.5%). Outflow sinuses communicated freely in 26 cases (83.8%) and communicated partially in five cases (16.2%). Partial communication was the result of a septate CS. In terms of outflow, the right TS was dominant in 11 cases (35.5%), and in 18 cases (58.1%), outflow was symmetrical. The direction of SSS inflow was different from that of SS inflow, and partial communication was observed in five cases (16.1%). Therefore, the presence of a septum may be considered an anatomical factor, with implications in diagnosis or in the sacrifice of the outflow sinus of the CS. Clin. Anat. 21:294–300, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
An innovative approach to supplement the teaching of the spatial gross anatomy relationships of muscles to undergraduates in health sciences
Authors: Gangata Hope 
Published: April 2008

AbstractSatisfactory assessment of the musculoskeletal disorders in patients by health professionals, followed by diagnosis, treatment, and referral require a good understanding of spatial and three‐dimensional (S&3D) anatomy of musculature. Meanwhile, the importance and impact of S&3D learning has been underscored. A novel method to promote S&3D skills in the learning of the musculature of the upper and lower limb was developed, and subsequently evaluated among 120 first‐year Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy undergraduate students at the University of Cape Town. Outlines of human muscles were mapped onto A4 papers, digitalized into a 22‐paged electronic document, labeled with anatomical details, and printed out. Each student was given a copy to cut out the diagrams and paste them correctly onto adult skeletons using Prestik®, in what was called the muscle cut‐out exercise (MCOE), just prior to each dissection practical. A questionnaire evaluating the MCOE was developed and 56 students responded. The students “strongly agreed” that the MCOE was useful in teaching them the spatial perspective of the human musculature. Forty‐nine percent of the students felt that the size of the diagrams did not always match the skeletons due to variable sizes of the skeletons and 27% suggested the use of color as a means of enhancing the diagrams. The MCOE is a low‐cost, enjoyable, time‐efficient, easily reproducible, and hands‐on practical learning experience. Clin. Anat. 21:339–347, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Absence of the celiac trunk: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Yi Shuang‐Qin , Terayama Hayato , Naito Munekazu , Hirai Shuichi , Alimujang Sawuti , Yi Nozomi , Tanaka Shigenori , Itoh Masahiro 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe authors report a rare variation of the absence of the celiac trunk in a Japanese cadaver, with the left gastric, splenic, common hepatic, and superior mesenteric arteries arising independently from the abdominal aorta in the routine dissection of a 95‐year‐old Japanese male cadaver. The incidence and developmental and clinical significance of this variation is discussed with a detailed review of the literature. Knowledge of such case has important clinical significance in an abdominal operation or invasive arterial procedure, that is, Appleby procedure and liver transplantation, laparoscopic surgery, and radiological procedures in the upper abdomen. Clin. Anat. 21:283–286, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Junior doctors' knowledge of applied clinical anatomy
Authors: Gupta Yuri , Morgan Mia , Singh Annika , Ellis Harold 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThis study examines the level of knowledge of applied clinical anatomy among junior doctors. A multiple‐choice questionnaire was designed, which covered 15 areas of anatomical knowledge essential to clinical practice, for example, important surface landmarks and interpretation of radiographs. The questionnaire was completed by 128 individuals. They comprised anatomy demonstrators, preregistration house officers (PRHOs), senior house officers (SHOs) and specialist registrars (SpRs) across the range of medical and surgical specialities. Answers were scored and analyzed by group, allowing comparison not only between newly qualified PRHOs and more senior doctors, but also with anatomy demonstrators who had undergone more traditional anatomical training. The results reveal a wide variation of knowledge among junior doctors, with PRHOs scoring an average of 72.1%, SHOs 77.1%, SpRs 82.4%, and demonstrators 82.9%. This progression in knowledge up the clinical hierarchy may reflect clinical experience building upon the foundations laid in medical school, although with demonstrators topping the league table, it seems that intensive academic training is the most beneficial. With junior doctors' training in the UK currently in flux, these results highlight the need for training in clinical anatomy to hold an important place in the development of tomorrow's clinicians. Clin. Anat. 21:334–338, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The effect of percutaneous coronary intervention on inflammatory response and endothelial progenitor cell recruitment
Authors: Garg Rajeev , Tellez Armando , Alviar Carlos , Granada Juan , Kleiman Neal S. , Lev Eli I. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractBackground: Vascular interventions, such as percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI), lead to endothelial damage and cause an inflammatory response. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) have been shown to have a prominent role in re‐endothelialization and repair following vascular injury. Studies have implicated a role for the chemokine, stromal‐cell‐derived factor‐1 alpha (SDF1‐alpha) in the recruitment of circulating EPCs to sites of vascular injury. However, the relationship between the inflammatory response, SDF1‐alpha, and EPC levels after PCI is unclear. Methods: We enrolled one hundred patients (mean age 65.5 ± 10.9 years, 32% females)—20 patients with NSTEMI, 27 patients with unstable angina, and 53 patients with stable angina who underwent PCI with stenting. EPC levels were measured by quantifying colony forming units in the 20 NSTEMI patients, whereas SDF1‐alpha levels and hs‐CRP levels were measured in all 100 patients by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. All three markers were measured in blood samples drawn before and 24 hr after PCI. Results: EPC colonies increased from 9.6 colonies per million cells before PCI to 13.2 colonies per million cells after PCI (37% increase, P = 0.03). Circulating SDF1‐alpha levels increased mildly from 1707.1 ± 480 pg/mL at baseline to 1758.6 ± 501 pg/mL after PCI (3% increase, P = 0.0425). There was a 95% increase in the levels of hs‐CRP (pre‐PCI: 4.5 ± 5.3 mg/L vs. post‐PCI: 8.8 ± 9.5 mg/L; P = 0.0004). Conclusions: A robust rise in hs‐CRP levels in our study suggests that PCI induced a potent inflammatory response. This combined with a proportional increase in the levels of EPCs and mild elevation in SDF1‐alpha after PCI suggests the possibility that the potent inflammatory response induced by PCI may be associated with EPC recruitment. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Usage patterns and 2‐year outcomes with the TAXUS express stent: Results of the US ARRIVE 1 registry
Authors: Lasala John M. , Cox David A. , Dobies David , Muhlestein Joseph B. , Katopodis John N. , Revtyak George , Baim Donald S. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractBackground:It is unclear how well the long‐term safety and effectiveness of drug‐eluting stents observed in tightly defined randomized controlled trials (RCT) translates to expanded use in routine practice.Methods:The FDA‐mandated TAXUS® Express2™ ARRIVE 1 postmarket registry was designed to consecutively enroll patients receiving ≥1 TAXUS stent in low‐, medium‐, and high‐volume US sites (n = 50). All cardiac events plus an additional 20% sample of records were monitored and all endpoints were independently adjudicated.Results:Detailed follow‐up data through 2 years were compiled for 2,487 patients (95%). Simple‐use (on‐label) ARRIVE 1 patients (35%) had outcomes similar to 4 pooled TAXUS RCTs for death (3.5% vs. 3.4%, respectively, P = 0.78), Q‐wave myocardial infarction (QWMI, 0.7% vs. 0.9%, P = 0.72), and stent thrombosis (ST, 2.2% vs. 1.2%, P = 0.12), but lower target vessel revascularization (7.8% vs. 13.4%, P < 0.0001). Compared with simple‐use, cases representing expanded use to treat broader patient/lesion characteristics showed higher 2‐year rates for death (7.4% vs. 3.5%, respectively, P = 0.0003), target lesion revascularization (9.4% vs. 5.8%, P = 0.0031), and ST (3.4% vs. 2.2%, P = 0.061, concentrated early in the first year).Conclusions:By including methods usually found in RCT, ARRIVE 1 captured a broad spectrum of disease treated in standard practice with high levels of ascertainment of clinical outcomes. In the more complicated cases, expectedly higher adverse event rates were seen compared to that found in the simple‐use cases or pivotal RCT. These results have now been included in the Directions for Use, to aid in physician and patient decision‐making. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Preoperative assessment enables the early diagnosis and successful treatment of lymphedema
Authors: Stout Gergich Nicole L. , Pfalzer Lucinda A. , McGarvey Charles , Springer Barbara , Gerber Lynn H. , Soballe Peter 
Published: April 2008

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe incidence of breast cancer (BC)‐related lymphedema (LE) ranges from 7% to 47%. Successful management of LE relies on early diagnosis using sensitive measurement techniques. In the current study, the authors demonstrated the effectiveness of a surveillance program that included preoperative limb volume measurement and interval postoperative follow‐up to detect and treat subclinical LE.METHODSLE was identified in 43 of 196 women who participated in a prospective BC morbidity trial. Limb volume was measured preoperatively and at 3‐month intervals after surgery. If an increase >3% in upper limb (UL) volume developed compared with the preoperative volume, then a diagnosis of LE was made, and a compression garment intervention was prescribed for 4 weeks. Upon reduction of LE, garment wear was continued only during strenuous activity, with symptoms of heaviness, or with visible swelling. Women returned to the 3‐month interval surveillance pathway. Statistical analysis was a repeated‐measures analysis of variance by time and limb (P ≤ .001) comparing the LE cohort with an age‐matched control group.RESULTSThe time to onset of LE averaged 6.9 months postoperatively. The mean (±standard deviation) affected limb volume increase was 83 mL (±119 mL; 6.5% ± 9.9%) at LE onset (P = .005) compared with baseline. After the intervention, a statistically significant mean 48 mL (±103 mL; 4.1% ± 8.8%) volume decrease was realized (P < .0001). The mean duration of the intervention was 4.4 weeks (±2.9 weeks). Volume reduction was maintained at an average follow‐up of 4.8 months (±4.1 months) after the intervention.CONCLUSIONSA short trial of compression garments effectively treated subclinical LE. Cancer 2008. Published 2008 by the American Cancer Society.