bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Square‐Planar Noble Metal Iodate [M(IO3)4]n– (M = PdII, AuIII; n = 2, 1) Anions and Their Ability to Form Polar and Centrosymmetric Architectures
Authors: Ling Jie , Albrecht‐Schmitt Thomas E. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractK+ salts of the square‐planar noble metal iodate [M(IO3)4]n– (M = PdII, AuIII; n = 2, 1) anions have been prepared under mild hydrothermal conditions, and the structures elucidated to demonstrate that while both are highly polar anions, polar and centrosymmetric extended architectures can form using these building units. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Facile Synthesis of Multiply Substituted Cyclopentadienes and Conjugated Dienals through Reactions between 1,4‐Dilithio‐1,3‐dienes and Carboxylic Acid Derivatives Including Acyl Chlorides, Anhydrides, and DMF
Authors: Wang Chao , Mao Guo‐Liang , Wang Zhi‐Hui , Xi Zhen‐Feng 
Published: January 2007

AbstractMultiply substituted cyclopentadienes were formed through reactions between phenyl‐substituted 1,4‐dilithio‐1,3‐dienes such as 1b and 1c and two molecules of acyl chlorides. The phenyl substituents on the skeletons of the dilithiobutadiene derivatives played an essential role in the reaction pattern. Interestingly, when anhydrides were used, normal alkyl‐substituted 1,4‐dilithio‐1,3‐dienes such as 1a could also react similarly to the phenyl‐substituted 1b and 1c, affording analogous types of multiply substituted cyclopentadienes in excellent isolated yields. Esters were found to afford mixtures of products when treated with 1a–c. When 1,4‐dilithio‐1,3‐dienes were treated with DMF, multiply substituted 2,4‐diene‐1,6‐dials and/or 2,5‐dihydrofuran derivatives were obtained in good yields, depending on the substitution patterns of the butadienyl skeletons.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Photoacylation of Alcohols in Neutral Medium
Authors: Débieux Jean‐Luc , Cosandey Anne , Helgen Céline , Bochet Christian G. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractWe report here conditions which allow the photoacylation of primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols with N‐acetyl‐5,7‐dinitroindoline under exceptionally mild conditions, at wavelengths harmless to most functional groups, including otherwise photosensitive ones. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
SN2′ Alkylation of Chiral Allylic Cyanohydrin O‐Phosphates with Organocuprates
Authors: Baeza Alejandro , Nájera Carmen , Sansano José M. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractEnantiomerically enriched cyanohydrin O‐phosphates, prepared by enantioselective cyanophosphorylation of α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes, react regioselectively at the γ‐position with organocuprates derived from alkyl Grignard reagents and CuCN to afford chiral γ‐alkyl‐substituted α,β‐unsaturated nitriles. The configuration of the new C–C double bond is mainly (E) when the reaction is performed at –78 °C and (Z) when it is carried out at higher temperatures (0 °C). A high level of transfer of the chirality in the new stereocentre, corresponding to a stereospecific anti attack onto the cyanophosphate, is observed. Enantiomerically enriched (E)‐γ‐alkylated α,β‐unsaturated esters are prepared after subsequent methanolysis in a three‐step sequence from the corresponding α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes. In addition, the synthesis of (R)‐4‐methylnonan‐1‐ol, also known as the sex pheromone of the yellow mealworm Tenebrio molitor L, and its (S) enantiomer have been carried out in a four‐step route from (E)‐oct‐2‐enal. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Efficient Preparation of [2‐13C]‐ and [3‐13C]‐3‐Cyano‐4‐methyl‐3‐pyrrolin‐2‐one
Authors: Shrestha‐Dawadi Prativa Bade , Lugtenburg Johan 
Published: January 2007

Abstract[2‐13C]‐ and [3‐13C]‐3‐cyano‐4‐methyl‐3‐pyrrolin‐2‐one have been prepared by a new synthetic route. α,α‐Dimethoxy ketones react with bifunctional molecules in an extended Knoevenagel reaction. The products of this reaction are converted in a few steps and in high yields into the biologically important 3‐pyrrolin‐2‐ones. This new approach also allows simple stable isotope incorporation at many sites of the ring system. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Acetylene‐Substituted Phosphane Oxides: Building Blocks for Macrocycles
Authors: van Assema Sander G. A. , de Jong G. Bas , Ehlers Andreas W. , de Kanter Frans J. J. , Schakel Marius , Spek Anthony L. , Lutz Martin , Lammertsma Koop 
Published: January 2007

AbstractPhosphorus‐based macrocycles with acetylenic scaffolds have been built from acetylene‐substituted phosphane oxides that were formed from diisopropylphosphoramidic dibromide (3) and an acetylenic Grignard reagent. The four‐ and six‐edged macrocycles 15 and 16, in which the iPr2NP(O) units are connected through 1,3‐butadiyne rods, were obtained from the monosilylated derivative of iPr2NP(O)(C2H)2 (7) by multiple acetylene coupling reactions under oxidative Hay conditions. Reaction of iPr2NP(O)(Br)2 (3) with lithiated 1,2‐diethynylbenzene gave a mixture of cis and trans monocyclic bis(phosphane oxide) 18. An X‐ray crystal structure determination of the trans isomer shows the ring structure to adopt a puckered form.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
A Versatile Synthesis of Cyclic Diphenyl Ether‐Type Diarylheptanoids: Acerogenins, (±)‐Galeon, and (±)‐Pterocarine
Authors: Jeong Byeong‐Seon , Wang Qian , Son Jong‐Keun , Jahng Yurngdong 
Published: January 2007

AbstractA versatile method for the total synthesis of cyclic diphenyl ether‐type diarylheptanoids, acerogenin C, acerogenin L, (±)‐galeon, and (±)‐pterocarine was described. The Ullmann reaction of suitably substituted linear diphenylheptanoids was employed for the intramolecular formation of the key ether intermediates as the final step. The prerequisite diarylheptanoids were prepared by a series of cross‐aldol condensation reactions from readily available starting benzaldehydes.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Separation of enantiomers of deprenyl with various CDs in CE and the effect of enantiomer migration order on enantiomeric impurity determination of selegiline in active ingredients and tablets
Authors: Castro‐Puyana María , Lomsadze Ketevan , Crego Antonio L. , Marina María Luisa , Chankvetadze Bezhan 
Published: January 2007

AbstractOpposite affinity pattern of enantiomers of the antiparkinsonian chiral drug deprenyl (DEP) was observed towards various neutral and charged derivatives of β‐CD. The effect of the enantiomer migration order on the LOD of enantiomeric impurity of R‐DEP (selegiline) was studied for the standard substances and in the tablets from three different suppliers. The influence of injection mode on the LOD of a minor enantiomeric impurity was also studied and the CE method was compared with the pharmacopoeial HPLC method using a commercially available chiral column Chiralcel OD‐H. The optimized CE method was more suitable for low‐level enantiomeric impurity determination in selegiline compared to the pharmacopoeial HPLC method.
c‐MYC activation impairs the NF‐κB and the interferon response: Implications for the pathogenesis of Burkitt's lymphoma
Authors: Schlee Martin , Hölzel Michael , Bernard Sandra , Mailhammer Reinhard , Schuhmacher Marino , Reschke Judith , Eick Dirk , Marinkovic Dragan , Wirth Thomas , Rosenwald Andreas , Staudt Louis M. , Eilers Martin , Baran‐Marszak Fanny , Fagard Remi , Feuillard Jean , Laux Gerhard , Bornkamm Georg W. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractDeregulation of the proto‐oncogene c‐myc is a key event in the pathogenesis of many tumors. A paradigm is the activation of the c‐myc gene by chromosomal translocations in Burkitt lymphoma (BL). Despite expression of a restricted set of Epstein–Barr viral (EBV) antigens, BL cells are not recognized by antigen‐specific cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) because of their inability to process and present HLA class I‐restricted antigens. In contrast, cells of EBV‐driven posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD) are recognized and rejected by EBV‐specific CTLs. It is not known whether the poor immunogenicity of BL cells is due to nonexpression of viral antigens, overexpression of c‐myc, or both. To understand the basis for immune recognition and escape, we have compared the mRNA expression profiles of BL and EBV‐immortalized cells (as PTLD model). Among the genes expressed at low level in BL cells, we have identified many genes involved in the NF‐κB and interferon response that play a pivotal role in antigen presentation and immune recognition. Using a cell line in which EBNA2 and c‐myc can be regulated at will, we show that c‐MYC negatively regulates STAT1, the central player linking the Type‐I and Type‐II interferon response. Switching off c‐myc expression leads to STAT1 induction through a direct and indirect mechanism involving induction of Type‐I interferons. c‐MYC thus masks an interferon‐inducing activity in these cells. Our findings imply that immune escape of tumor cells is not only a matter of in vivo selection but may be additionally promoted by activation of a cellular oncogene. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Reproductive factors and family history of breast cancer in relation to plasma prolactin levels in premenopausal and postmenopausal women
Authors: Eliassen A. Heather , Tworoger Shelley S. , Hankinson Susan E. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractMany reproductive factors are associated with breast cancer risk, potentially through a hormonal pathway. The peptide hormone prolactin is essential in mammary development and lactation and may be a link between risk factors and breast cancer. While higher prolactin levels are associated with increased breast cancer risk, few determinants of prolactin levels are known. We conducted a cross‐sectional analysis among 1,089 premenopausal and 1,311 postmenopausal women within the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) and the NHS II to examine the associations of reproductive factors, benign breast disease and family history of breast cancer with plasma prolactin levels. Parous women had significantly lower prolactin levels than nulliparous women (parous vs. nulliparous multivariate‐adjusted geometric means = 14.1 ng/mL vs. 16.6 ng/mL, p < 0.001 for premenopausal and 9.1 vs. 10.1, p = 0.04 for postmenopausal women), although levels did not decrease with increasing number of children for either premenopausal (p‐trend = 0.23) or postmenopausal (p‐trend = 0.07) parous women. Age at first birth was not associated with prolactin levels. The reduction in prolactin levels among parous premenopausal women appeared to attenuate with increasing time since first birth, but the trend was not statistically significant (p‐trend = 0.12). Age at menarche, duration of lactation and benign breast disease were not associated with prolactin levels. Family history of breast cancer was associated with significantly higher prolactin levels when compared with no family history among premenopausal (15.9 ng/mL vs. 14.3 ng/mL, p = 0.04) but not postmenopausal (p = 0.73) women. In conclusion, the associations of parity and family history with breast cancer risk may be mediated, at least in part, by prolactin levels. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A prospective cohort study of red wine consumption and risk of prostate cancer
Authors: Sutcliffe Siobhan , Giovannucci Edward , Leitzmann Michael F. , Rimm Eric B. , Stampfer Meir J. , Willett Walter C. , Platz Elizabeth A. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractIn light of recent, strong inverse findings between lifetime red wine consumption and prostate cancer among younger men, we revisited our previous cohort analysis to more thoroughly investigate red wine consumption and prostate cancer in the Health Professionals Follow‐up Study (HPFS). In 1986, HPFS participants reported their average consumption of red wine, white wine, beer and liquor during the past year, and their change in alcohol consumption over the prior 10 years. Prostate cancer diagnoses were ascertained on each biennial questionnaire and confirmed by medical record review. Between 1986 and 2002, 3,348 cases of prostate cancer were diagnosed among 45,433 eligible participants. Using men who did not consume red wine as the reference, no linear trend was observed between red wine consumption and prostate cancer in the full analytic cohort (p‐trend = 0.57). Among men with unchanged alcohol consumption in the prior 10 years, and those additionally <65 years of age, slightly lower risks were observed for men who consumed ≤4 glasses of red wine/week, whereas null or slight increased risks were observed for men who consumed ≫4 glasses/week, resulting in a lack of linear trend. These findings suggest that red wine does not contribute appreciably to the etiology of prostate cancer. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Breast conservation: Current results and future perspectives at the European Institute of Oncology
Authors: Veronesi Umberto , Zurrida Stefano 
Published: January 2007

AbstractIn the recent 10 years breast cancer treatments' scenario is radically changed. Extraordinary new surgical approaches give more and more conservative solutions both for the breast and especially for the axilla avoiding dissection in more than 80% of early cases. Instrumental early diagnosis and clinical prediction are now able to identify very initial cases often in premalignant stage. Technology arrived in the operating theatre for the intraoperative radiotherapy treatments giving to the patients the better quality of life with the help also of the plastic surgeons. There are still near horizons to reach: modern neo‐adjuvant and adjuvant treatments are going quickly from the laboratory to patient's bed. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pravastatin induces thrombomodulin expression in TNFα‐treated human aortic endothelial cells by inhibiting Rac1 and Cdc42 translocation and activity
Authors: Lin Shing‐Jong , Chen Yung‐Hsiang , Lin Feng‐Yen , Hsieh Li‐Yuan , Wang Shu‐Huei , Lin Chia‐Ying , Wang Yu‐Chieh , Ku Hung‐Hai , Chen Jaw‐Wen , Chen Yuh‐Lien 
Published: January 2007

AbstractExpression of functionally active thrombomodulin (TM) on the luminal surface of endothelial cells is critical for vascular thromboresistance. The 3‐hydroxyl‐3‐methyl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor, pravastatin, can protect the vasculature in a manner that is independent of its lipid‐lowering activity. We examined the effect of pravastatin on TM expression by human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) with subsequent tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) stimulation and investigated the signaling pathways involved. TNFα treatment attenuated TM expression in HAECs in a time‐dependent manner. Pravastatin upregulated TM levels in TNFα‐treated HAECs. Specific inhibition of geranylgeranyltransferase‐I or the Rho family by GGTI‐286 or TcdB, respectively, enhanced TM expression in TNFα‐treated HAECs, whereas MAP kinase inhibitors, inactivation of Rho by Clostridium botulinum C3 exoenzyme, or the Rho kinase inhibitor, Y‐27632, had no effect. In TNFα‐treated HAECs, pravastatin inhibited Rac1 and Cdc42 activation and their translocation to the cell membrane. Blocking the transcriptional activation of NF‐κB prevented the TNFα‐induced downregulation of TM. The pravastatin‐induced increase in TM expression in TNFα‐treated HAECs was mediated through inhibition of NF‐κB activation. Pravastatin regulates TM expression by inhibiting the activation of the Rho family proteins, Rac1 and Cdc42, and the transcription factor, NF‐κB. The increase in endothelial TM activity in response to pravastatin constitutes a novel pleiotropic (nonlipid‐related) effect of this commonly used compound and may be of clinical significance in disorders in which deficient endothelial TM plays a pathophysiological role. J. Cell. Biochem. 101: 642–653, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Interleukin‐1β upregulates Na+‐K+‐2Cl− cotransporter in human middle ear epithelia*
Authors: Kim Su Jin , Choi Jae Young , Son Eun Jin , Namkung Wan , Lee Min Goo , Yoon Joo‐Heon 
Published: January 2007

AbstractDisruption of periciliary fluid homeostasis is the main pathogenesis of otitis media with effusion (OME), one of the most common childhood diseases. Although the underlying molecular mechanisms are unclear, it has been suggested that the altered functions of ion channels and transporters are involved in the fluid collection of middle ear cavity of OME patients. In the present study, we analyzed the effects of a major cytokine interleukin (IL)‐1β, which was known to be involved in the pathogenesis of OME, on Na+‐K+‐2Cl− cotransporter (NKCC) in human middle ear cells. Intracellular pH (pHi) was measured in primary cultures of normal human middle ear epithelial (NHMEE) cells using a double perfusion chamber, which enabled us to analyze the membrane‐specific transporter activities. NKCC activities were estimated by the pHi reduction due to bumetanide‐sensitive intracellular uptake of NH. In NHMEE cells, NKCC activities were observed only in the basolateral membrane, and immunoblotting using specific antibodies revealed the expression of NKCC1. Interestingly, IL‐1β treatments augmented the basolateral NKCC activities and increased NKCC1 expression. In addition, IL‐1β treatments stimulated bumetanide‐sensitive fluid transport across the NHMEE cell monolayers. Furthermore, an elevated NKCC1 expression was observed in middle ear cells from OME patients when compared to those from control individuals. The above results provide in vitro and in vivo evidence that the inflammatory cytokine IL‐1β upregulates NKCC1 in middle ear epithelial cells, which would be one of the important underlying mechanisms of excess fluid collection in OME patients. J. Cell. Biochem. 101: 576–586, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Increased expression of integrin β1 subunit enhances p21WAF1/Cip1 transcription through the Sp1 sites and p300‐mediated histone acetylation in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells
Authors: Fang Zhengyu , Fu Yi , Liang Yulong , Li Zengxia , Zhang Wen , Jin Jiawei , Yang Yong , Zha Xiliang 
Published: January 2007

AbstractIntegrins, a class of membrane receptors, are major players in transmitting the mechanical force across the plasma membrane. We previously reported that overexpression of integrin β1 subunit imposed a growth inhibitory effect on the hepatocellular carcinoma cell line SMMC‐7721 through transcriptional activation of p21WAF1/CIP1 gene. In this study, we further determined the molecular mechanisms underlying p21WAF1/CIP1 expression induced by integrin β1 overexpression. We report herein that overexpression of integrin β1 subunit upregulates p21WAF1/Cip1 transcription through a p53‐independent pathway. The overexpressed integrin β1 activates the p21WAF1/Cip1 promoter through the Sp1/Sp3 sites and makes more transcription factor Sp1 recruited to the proximal p21 promoter region. In addition, it makes the acetylation value of histone proteins increased across some parts of the p21WAF1/Cip1 gene, especially in the promoter region. The transcriptional co‐activator p300, which possesses intrinsic histone acetyltransferase, was found to be involved in the integrin β1‐mediated histone acetylation and p21 transcriptional activation. Therefore, these findings presented the mechanisms by which integrin β1 induced the elevated p21 expression in hepatic cancer cells. J. Cell. Biochem. 101: 654–664, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
An enumeration of graphical designs
Authors: Chee Yeow Meng , Kaski Petteri 
Published: January 2007

AbstractLet Ψ(t,k) denote the set of pairs (v,λ) for which there exists a graphical t‐(v,k,λ) design. Most results on graphical designs have gone to show the finiteness of Ψ(t,k) when t and k satisfy certain conditions. The exact determination of Ψ(t,k) for specified t and k is a hard problem and only Ψ(2,3), Ψ(2,4), Ψ(3,4), Ψ(4,5), and Ψ(5,6) have been determined. In this article, we determine completely the sets Ψ(2,5) and Ψ(3,5). As a result, we find more than 270,000 inequivalent graphical designs, and more than 8,000 new parameter sets for which there exists a graphical design. Prior to this, graphical designs are known for only 574 parameter sets. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Combin Designs 16: 70–85, 2008
Utility of the psychological screening inventory: A review
Authors: Lanyon Richard I. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThe Psychological Screening Inventory (PSI; R. I. Lanyon, 1970, 1973, 1978, 1993, 2006) was developed as a cost‐effective screening device in identifying persons for whom a more complete psychological evaluation should be conducted. The author reviews data bearing on the utility of the PSI in this regard and in more general applications. The Alienation scale showed strong effect sizes in distinguishing psychiatric inpatients from controls, the Social Nonconformity scale in distinguishing incarcerated groups from control, and the Discomfort scale in identifying persons with general psychological distress. These findings were supported by correlational data with comparable scales, and by a variety of smaller comparison studies. Meaningful discriminations were also shown for adolescents and for college‐age young adults. Findings in studies of substance abusers and medical problems were also reviewed. Response Distortion scales showed effectiveness similar to that of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory‐2 (MMPI‐2; J. N. Butcher, W. G. Dahlstrom, J. R. Graham, A. Tellegen, & B. Kaemmer, 1989) validity scales. Validity was also shown for several of the seven available foreign language translations. It was concluded that the PSI is effective for the tasks for which it was designed. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 63: 283–307, 2007.
Does psychotherapy research inform treatment decisions in private practice?
Authors: Stewart Rebecca E. , Chambless Dianne L. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractPsychologists in independent practice (N = 591) were surveyed regarding their approach to treatment decisions, specifically the use of research on empirically supported treatments (ESTs) to inform practice. All participants received a case study of a patient with panic disorder, and half were randomly assigned to receive a research summary on evidence‐based treatments for panic disorder (cognitive–behavioral therapy and pharmacotherapy). Practitioners reported that they rely primarily on clinical experiences to inform treatment decisions, although they often consult EST literature. Those who received the research summary were significantly more likely to report they would use an EST. These results indicate that providing information about ESTs can impact practice. Although this sample was more positive about EST research than clinicians are often depicted to be, this study indicates an enduring research–practice gap in clinical psychology. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 63: 267–281, 2007.
Overlap in consistent cycles
Authors: Miklavič Štefko , Potočnik Primož , Wilson Steve 
Published: January 2007

AbstractA (directed) cycle C in a graph Γ is called consistent provided there exists an automorphism of Γ, acting as a 1‐step rotation of C. A beautiful but not well‐known result of J.H. Conway states that if Γ is arc‐transitive and has valence d, then there are precisely d − 1 orbits of consistent cycles under the action of Aut(Γ). In this paper, we extend the definition of consistent cycles to those which admit a k‐step rotation, and call them ${1}\over{k}$‐consistent. We investigate ${1}\over{k}$‐consistent cycles in view of their overlap. This provides a simple proof of the original Conway's theorem, as well as a generalization to orbits of ${1}\over{k}$‐consistent cycles. A set of illuminating examples are provided. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 55: 55–71, 2007