bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Partielle Autonomie und „Stellvertretende Repräsentation“ oder: Gibt es ein „habsburgisches“ Stadtbild?
Authors: Engelberg Meinrad v. 
Published: February 2024

Der Beitrag fragt, wie man „Habsburgerstädte“ definieren soll und woran man sie ggf. erkennen kann: Haben sie ein typisches, gemeinsames Erscheinungsbild, eine charakteristische Physiognomie? Hierbei ist zunächst zwischen der historischen Realität der früheren Zugehörigkeit zu den Territorien der Habsburger und der retrospektiven Projektion einer solchen Identität zu unterscheiden: Das heute badische Freiburg im Breisgau war bis 1806 habsburgisch, das österreichische Salzburg nicht. Das ist aber nahezu vergessen und spielt für das lokale Selbstverständnis keine Rolle mehr. Beim Vergleich der ehemals habsburgischen, teilautonomen Landeshauptstädte Linz und Prag fällt auf, dass deren Stadtbild nicht wie im königlichen Frankreich von einer vereinheitlichenden, durch zentrale Instanzen normierten Ästhetik geprägt wurde, sondern Ausdruck einer lokalen Konkurrenz von Adel, Ständen und Klerus war. Dieses System der „stellvertretenden Repräsentation“, typisch für das 17. und frühe 18. Jh., wurde ab 1750 durch ein neues Staatsverständnis in Österreich abgelöst, das nun stärker an Frankreich orientierte, normierende und uniformierende Tendenzen aufwies, wie sich z.B. bei der Umgestaltung der Prager Burg durch den Wiener Hofarchitekten Nikolaus Pacassi zeigen lässt.
Kooperation und Verwirklichung von Einzelinteressen in der Politik der siebenbürgisch-sächsischen Städte am Anfang der Habsburgerherrschaft
Authors: Szirtes Zsófia 
Published: February 2024

Im Zentrum der Untersuchung stehen die siebenbürgisch-sächsischen Städte, die erst an der Wende zum 18. Jahrhundert unter die Herrschaft der Habsburgerdynastie gerieten. Das Netzwerk dieser Städte basierte auf der aus dem Mittelalter tradierten Selbstverwaltung der Sächsischen Nationsuniversität. Ihre Versammlungen wie die Teilnahme auf den Landtagen waren maßgebend für die gemeinsame Politik und das Kommunikationssystem dieser Städte. In der Studie wird auf die innere Dynamik dieses Systems fokussiert, wobei die Durchsetzung von Einzelinteressen manchmal zu inneren Konflikten führte. Obwohl die traditionelle Führungsrolle Hermannstadts in dieser Übergangsphase gefährdet war, konnte sie erhalten bleiben, wobei der Ausbau eines Kommunikationssystems vor allem im neuen Machtzentrum Wien eine maßgebende Rolle spielte.
Fürsorgeaktionen in Bosnien und Herzegowina während des Ersten Weltkrieges
Authors: Radanović Sanja 
Published: February 2024

Der Beitrag analysiert die Zeitung Bosnische Post, die in Bosnien-Herzegowina zwischen 1884 und 1918 in deutscher Sprache herauskam. Das politische Nachrichtenblatt sollte die Leserschaft in Österreich-Ungarn mit den Neuigkeiten und Perspektiven aus Bosnien­Herzegowina vertraut machen. Während des Ersten Weltkrieges berichtete das Blatt ausführlich über humanitäre Maßnahmen innerhalb Bosnien­Herzegowinas, nicht zuletzt mit der Absicht, Hilfsgelder zu akquirieren und karitative Veranstaltungen zu fördern, die den vom Krieg besonders betroffenen Opfergruppen zugute kommen sollten, nämlich den Waisen, den Witwen und den verwundeten Soldaten. Auf diese Weise kam die Bosnische Post ihrer Informationspflicht nach und ließ in der verwendeten Sprache eine positive Einstellung und Sympathie für diese Maßnahmen erkennen. Laut der Bosnischen Post nahmen sich die Behörden der Sorgen der Bevölkerung aktiv an. Gleichzeitig sollten auch Engagement und Hilfsbereitschaft bei den Lesern hervorgerufen werden. Mit diesen motivierenden Stellungnahmen übernahm die Presse eine wichtige gesellschaftliche Rolle, indem sie informierte und die Öffentlichkeit in eine dem Regime genehme Richtung lenkte.
Use of checkerboard assay to determine the synergy between essential oils extracted from leaves of Aegle marmelos (L.) Correa and nystatin against Candida albicans
Authors: Kamble Pramod Ananda , Phadke Manju 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background:

Candida albicans is one of the most common pathogenic yeasts, responsible for causing candidiasis. The use of conventional antifungal agents for the treatment of Candida is reported to be less effective and hence alternative therapies for the treatment are needed. Essential oils of medicinal plants may serve as a strong candidate for natural products in modern therapies.

Aim:
The aim of this study was to determine the synergistic potential of essential oils extracted from leaves of Aegle marmelos (L.) Correa and a potent antifungal agent, nystatin, against three clinical isolates of C. albicans using checkerboard assay.

Materials and methods:
The antifungal activity of the essential oils of A. marmelos was screened against test cultures by disc diffusion technique. Antibiograms of the test organisms were developed. To determine the minimum fungicidal concentration of the essential oil and nystatin, the broth microdilution method was employed, and a checkerboard assay was used to investigate the synergistic potential of the essential oil and nystatin against the clinical isolates under study. The data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation.

Results:
The Σ fractional inhibitory concentration values were calculated as 0.12, 0.37, and 0.28 for three different strains of C. albicans used, respectively, which was <0.5, therefore, the synergy was demonstrated between essential oils and nystatin against the test cultures.

Conclusions:
Combinatorial therapy of the essential oils extracted from the leaves of A. marmelos and nystatin may be considered a line of treatment for candidal infections.
Safety and efficacy of COROPROTECT kit as an add-on therapy in the management of mild-to-moderate COVID-19: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Savaliya Chetan , Pandya Shridhar , Thumar Kamalesh , Nagore Dheeraj 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background:
The constructive role of Ayurveda in managing COVID-19 has been widely discussed, with identified herbs showing immunomodulatory and anti-viral potential. However, clinical trials examining their safety and efficacy are limited.

Aim:
The aim of this study is to determine the efficacy of COROPROTECT kit, a proprietary Ayurvedic formulation, in COVID-19.

Materials and method:
Randomized, placebo-controlled trial with 312 mild to moderate hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Groups received COROPROTECT or placebo for 10 days alongside standard care.

Results:
The outcome measures included the number of days taken to reverse the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) status, reduction in symptoms and inflammatory markers. Fisher exact test was used to analyze the changes between categorical variables, whereas the comparative effect of therapy in both groups on inflammatory markers and safety biochemical parameters was analyzed using Student’s t test. A total of 300 patients completed the study without any adverse events. The COROPROTECT kit group exhibited a statistically significant higher percentage of patients testing negative on days 4, 7, and 10 compared to the placebo group. A within group analysis showed that trial group to significantly reduced the levels of C-reactive protein (P = 0.03), lactate dehydrogenase (P < 0.001), and interleukin-6 (P = 0.01). Subjects of the trial group experienced complete relief from cough (69.33%), breathlessness (65.33%), and fatigue (62.67%) within 4 days. In contrast, the placebo group had 20%–40% of participants with mild symptoms persisting until day 10.

Conclusion:
This study suggests potential future implications, indicating a faster RT-PCR negativity, reduced COVID-19 severity, and inflammatory markers, along with early symptomatic recovery. The COROPROTECT kit proved safe, facilitating an accelerated clinical recovery compared to conventional care.
A Safe Laparoscopic Approach for Ovarian Tumors during Pregnancy
Authors: Imaizumi Junki , Yoshida Kanako , Noguchi Hiroki , Maeda Takaaki , Kato Takeshi , Iwasa Takeshi 
Published: February 2024

Objectives:
Surgery for pregnant women with ovarian tumors poses the risk of uterine irritation. We aimed to demonstrate the superiority of our laparoscopic technique over conventional methods and to compare the outcomes of laparoscopy with those of laparotomy for ovarian tumors during pregnancy.

Materials and Methods:
This retrospective study included 50 patients undergoing procedures for ovarian tumors during pregnancy at the Tokushima University Hospital between January 2005 and December 2021. We compared surgical outcomes between laparoscopic procedures and laparotomy, along with complications. In addition, we compared the frequency of uterine stimulation with the conventional trocar position to that with the currently used trocar position in laparoscopic surgery.

Results:
Forty patients in the laparoscopy group and 10 in the laparotomy group underwent procedures. The laparoscopy group had less bleeding (16.4 ± 28.8 vs. 58 ± 72.2 mL, P < 0.05) and shorter hospital stays (7.6 ± 1.7 vs. 12.8 ± 13.1 days, P < 0.05) compared with those of the laparotomy group. The outcomes showed no significant differences between groups. All laparoscopies and laparotomies were successful and without complications. Furthermore, the current trocar position tended to stimulate the uterus less frequently.

Conclusion:
The results suggested that, compared to laparotomy, laparoscopy for ovarian tumors during pregnancy had better outcomes. The trocar position in our technique allows for easy operation of ovarian tumors without interference by forceps or cameras, resulting in minimal irritation of the uterus. Our original laparoscopic method may be safer with superior outcomes over the conventional method.
Orthokeratinized Odontogenic Keratocyst: Report of Nine Cases with Review of Literature
Authors: Dineshkumar Thayalan , Rameshkumar Annasamy , Rajkumar Krishnan , Ravindran Swaathi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Formerly believed to be a subtype of odontogenic keratocyst (OKC), orthokeratinized odontogenic cyst (OOC), a rare developing odontogenic cyst, is now believed to be distinct. The clinical, radiographic, histological data are included in this report, along with a review of the literature to aid in comprehending the cyst. A retrospective search in the oral pathology department between 2018 and 2022 was conducted to recover all cases reported as OOC in SRM Dental College, Ramapuram. Radiographs and Haematoxylin and Eosin stained histological slides were re-examined. Overall, there were nine cases in which men were engaged in 80% of the instances and the group’s ages varied from 20 to 35. The primary symptoms of all of the patients were pain and edema. The vast majority of cases had an impacted tooth in the jaw. All of the lesions showed clearly visible radiolucency on orthopantomographs [OPG], with the exception of one specific case. Additionally, histological examination of each patient revealed the characteristic microscopic traits and enucleation was done to treat all the cases. OOC has a more favourable outcome than OKC due to variations in prognosis, management and must be considered distinct from OKC. Most of our cases—a large majority—involved adolescent males’ mandibles and involved pain and edema. Most were unilocular and all were radiolucent. The literature-recommended histopathological findings were present and all cases were enucleated.
Assessment of the Efficacy and Safety of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy on Pain in Patients with Fibromyalgia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomised Controlled Studies
Authors: Kulshreshtha Poorvi , Neyaz Osama , Begum Shahena , Yadav Raj Kumar , Deepak Kishore Kumar 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is an adjunctive treatment for chronic pain. The current study aimed to perform a systematic evaluation and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) to assess the clinical efficacy and safety of HBOT for pain reduction in fibromyalgia (FM) patients compared to conventional therapy. A systematic search of medical subject headings and keywords associated with HBOT for FM patients was conducted using electronic databases: MEDLINE/ PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Scopus. Google Scholar was also combed to detect likely non-indexed available studies. We also searched manually through reference lists of identified original articles or reviews for relevant articles. The http://www.clinicaltrial.gov was examined for all research protocols being conducted/ planned. The Cochrane Collaboration tool and Higgins and Thompson’s I2 method determined the risk of bias and heterogeneity. The primary outcome was the effect of HBOT on pain; secondary outcomes included adverse effects of HBOT, assessment of the quality of life, functional impairment, psychological symptoms, and sleep quality. The overall quality of evidence was assessed with the GRADE approach. Cochrane RevMan software (version 5.4) was used for data analysis. Results were synthesised through a general summary of the characteristics and findings of each study. We also analysed different HBOT protocols and their outcomes across the studies. Five RCTs enrolling 91 and 89 patients in FM and control groups were included in the present study. HBOT results in decreased tender points (-6.23 (95 % CI: -7.76, -4.71) P < 0.0001), increased pain threshold (0.57 (95% CI: 0.3, 0.83) P < 0.00001) and a decreased Visual Analog scale (VAS) score for pain (-5.31(95 % CI: -8.17, -2.45)). Quality of life, sleep, functional impairment, etc., also improved after HBOT. HBOT is effective in pain and other associated outcomes in FM patients. In FM patients, high-quality evidence in favour of HBOT to improve pain, fatigue, quality of life, sleep, psychological outcomes, etc., is required.
Leprosy in North India in Post-Elimination Era: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Hazarika Neirita , Bhatia Riti , Divyalakshmi C. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background:
India achieved elimination target for leprosy in December 2005. However, many pockets in the country continue to report significant number of cases.

Aim:
The aim of the study was to study the profile of leprosy cases presenting to a tertiary care hospital in North India in post-elimination era.

Patients and Methods:
The study was conducted at Hansen’s disease clinic. The study design was a retrospective observational study. Chart review of treatment naive leprosy patients enrolled between 1st January 2018 and 31st December 2019 was done. Data regarding demographic profile, clinical spectrum of leprosy, slit-skin smears (SSSs) and histopathological findings were analysed.

Statistical Analysis:
Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 23 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Data were statistically described in terms of range, mean ± standard deviation, frequency (number of cases), and relative frequency (percentages).

Results:
Amongst a total of 115 patients, males (68%, n = 79/115) outnumbered females. Children (<15 years) constituted 0.86% cases (n = 1/115) and 26% cases (n = 30/115) were above 50 years of age. Multibacillary leprosy (73%, n = 84/115) was more common. Borderline lepromatous (41.7%, n = 48/115) was the most common clinical type of leprosy, whereas Grade 2 disability was noted amongst 0.05% (n = 6/115) patients at presentation. SSS were positive in 60% (69/115) cases.

Conclusions:
The present study showed a significant increase in cases in the older age group and decrease in new cases in children. Furthermore, multibacillary cases outnumbered the paucibacillary cases. Similar trends were reported to be an indicator of decreasing incidence of leprosy in countries that eliminated leprosy. We speculate that India may be entering a phase of decreased community transmission of leprosy. Further, multicentric studies across the country may throw more light.
A Survey on Relation of Menopause to Metabolic Syndrome - SAFOMS STUDY (South Asian Federation of Menopause Societies) - Interim Analysis
Authors: Ahuja Maninder , Sharma Jai Bhagwan , Perumal Vanamail , Sharma Priyanka , Bansal Ramandeep , Sarkar Avir , Agrawal Mohini 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a spectrum of disorders that includes dysglycemia, dyslipidemia, central obesity, and hypertension. South Asian Indians are more prone to harbor MS at a younger age compared to Caucasians. However, there is a lack of large-scale data correlating menopause to MS in South Asian settings.

Aims and Objectives:
The study aimed to determine the prevalence of MS and its components in pre- and postmenopausal women. It also assessed the relationship of age, menopausal status, personal and family history, anthropometric parameters, and biochemical markers to MS.

Materials and Methods:
It was an interim analysis of a multicountry cross-sectional study in the South Asian Federation of Menopause Society (SAFOMS) countries: India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Sri Lanka conducted through both online and physical methods. The survey questionnaire consisted of questions about details of personal history, demographics, and family history related to MS. Anthropometric measurements such as height, weight, basal metabolic index (BMI), waist circumference, and blood pressure readings were noted. Relevant history, history of polycystic ovarian syndrome, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, and vasomotor symptoms were enquired. Biochemical evaluation of markers associated with MS was undertaken.

Results:
In this interim analysis, 638 women were recruited. Out of them, 406 (63.6%) women were premenopausal and 232 (36.4%) were postmenopausal. 392 (61.4%) women had MS, while 246 (38.6%) women did not have MS. Increasing age, BMI, and visceral adiposity (waist circumference) were significantly correlated with incidence of MS. Raised fasting blood sugar, hemoglobin A1C, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, serum triglyceride, and reduced high-density lipoprotein levels were significantly associated with the incidence of MS in both pre- and postmenopausal women. Peri- and postmenopausal hot flashes, night sweats, and sleep disturbances were also significantly associated with MS. Personal history of hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia were the strongest factors to be associated with MS with a significantly high odds ratio.

Conclusion:
The study has highlighted the role of BMI and waist circumference as the first warning signs, which will encourage to go for regular biochemical screening through lipid profile and fasting blood glucose measurements. Our study is a stepping stone for all future studies for relation of menopause to MS.
Evaluation of Efficacy and Safety of EstroG-100® in Alleviating Menopausal Symptoms in Postmenopausal Women in India: A Prospective, Single-center, Single-arm, Interventional Study
Authors: Kirubamani Hepzibah , Ahire Prachi , Stalin C 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Menopause is a natural stage in a woman’s life marked by the cessation of menstrual periods. Common symptoms include hot flashes, mood swings, and vaginal discomfort, among others. These climacteric symptoms lead to a compromised quality of life affecting physical, biological, psychological, and social well-being. There are concerns with long-term clinical use of Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and alternative therapies that are devoid of adverse risks are required. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of EstroG-100®, containing a mixture of standardized extracts of Cynanchum wilfordii, Phlomis umbrosa, and Angelica gigas, on menopausal symptoms and its impact on quality of life.

Methodology:
This was a prospective, single-center, single-arm, interventional study. Sixty female subjects, with confirmed menopause and moderate-to-severe symptoms, were enrolled and treated with EstroG-100® twice daily, for 12 weeks. Improvement in the climacteric symptoms was evaluated using the Menopause Rating Scale-11 and Menopause Symptoms Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (MS-TSQ). All the results were evaluated by the SPSS software version 23.0.

Results:
A significant improvement was noticed in the somatic, urogenital, and psychological climacteric symptoms from baseline to 6 weeks (P = 0.001) and a highly significant improvement after 12 weeks (P = 0.0001) of treatment. 96.5% of patients were satisfied with the treatment outcome evaluated by the MS-TSQ. No changes in blood pressure and body mass index were reported. No side effects were reported during the study.

Conclusion:
The first study of EstroG-100® in Indian menopausal women demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in climacteric symptoms. A 12-week treatment proved safe and effective in enhancing postmenopausal women’s quality of life. The remedy was well-tolerated and effectively alleviated menopausal symptoms.
A Rare Occurrence of Acute Carotid Blowout Syndrome in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Almaghlouth Maitha Khalid , Alhaddad Mohammed Sami , Zaidi Syed Sajjad , Othman Eyas 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
An unfortunate and feared complication of oncologic head-and-neck surgery is acute carotid blowout syndrome (ACBS). We present a rare case of ACBS in a patient who underwent salvage total laryngectomy after treatment with organ-sparing radiochemotherapy. A 62-year-old male with a history of glottic squamous cell carcinoma presented with massive transoral and transnasal bleeding 5 weeks following total salvage laryngectomy. Computed tomography angiography showed aneurysmal bleeding from the right common carotid artery. The active oral and nasal bleeding presentations were not provided with external warning signs of its forthcoming existence. The patient underwent emergent right carotid stenting by an interventional radiologist. Hemostasis was achieved without any neurological deficits. Carotid blowout syndrome prevention by early identification of the risk factors is necessary to prevent fatal hemorrhage or grave neurological morbidity. Early intervention to control bleeding results in significantly lower morbidity and mortality rates.
Ultrasound biomicroscopic findings in Fuchs uveitis syndrome: A contralateral eye study
Authors: Kianersi Farzan , Mortazavi Seyed. A. , Peyman Alireza , Rahimi Fatemeh , Pourazizi Mohsen 
Published: February 2024

Abstract:

PURPOSE:
The aim of this study was to determine ultrasound biomicroscopic findings in patients with Fuchs uveitis syndrome (FUS).

METHODS:
This cross-sectional, contralateral comparative eye study was conducted on patients with unilateral FUS. Both eyes of each patient underwent ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) imaging at the 12, 3, 6, and 9-o’clock radial meridians. Ultrasonographic data were collected, including the thickness (mm) of the ciliary body (CB), CB with ciliary processes, and iris thickness at 0.8 mm from the iris root, mid-iris, and iris tip.

RESULTS:
We enrolled 36 eyes from 18 patients with unilateral FUS, including 10 (55.6%) females, with a mean age of 38.44 ± 9.2 years. The average thickness of CB (P < 0.001), 0.8 mm from the iris root (P = 0.003), mid-iris (P < 0.001), and the iris tip (P < 0.001) was thinner in the affected eyes compared to the fellow eyes of the patients. Analysis of variance analysis showed that differences among all quadrants were not significant in both groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSION:
This study showed that CB and iris thickness were significantly thinner in the affected eyes compared to the fellow eyes of patients with FUS, as assessed using the UBM technique.