bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Internal cysts and fistulae of branchial origin
Authors: Boysen M. E. , De Besche A. , Djupesland G. , Thorud E. 
Published: November 2007

SummaryCYSTS and fistulae related to the second and third pharyngeal pouches are described. These anomalies probably occur more often than presumed. Unilateral recurring infections of the tonsillar region, including parapharyngeal abscess, may be caused by anomalies related to the second pouch. Third pouch anomalies are located in the piriform recess. Cysts may reach a size that causes obstruction to the larynx and hypopharynx, while diverticulae cause few symptoms.
Fibro-osseous lesions of the cranio-facial bones
Authors: Boysen M. E. , Olving J. H. , Vatne K. , Koppang H. S. 
Published: November 2007

SummaryA BRIEF review of cranio-facial fibro-osseous lesions in given and 15 cases of fibrous dysplasia and ossifying fibroma are presented with clinical, radiological and histomorphological findings. After histological verification of the fibro-osseous nature of the process, 5 lesions were diagnosed on a radiological basis as fibrous dysplasia exhibiting diffuse (blending) margins, while the diagnosis of ossifying fibroma was given to 10 radiologically sharply-demarcated lesions. Both groups of lesions presented the same histomorphological features, although to a varying degree. Spheroidal calcifications, however, were identified in ossifying fibroma only, but not in all of these. Thus, the differential diagnosis of fibrous dysplasia versus ossifying fibroma rests on a radiological creiterion after the histopathologist has verified the fibro-isseiys nature of a lesion. The observation times varied from 1 ½ to 34 years. Two cases of fibrous dysplasia and 3 cases of ossifying fibroma recurred. In one case of fibrous dysplasia an osteosarcoma developed 33 years after irradiation. Pain was a common symptom in the present material.
Immediate effects of intravenous tobramycin and gentamicin on human cochlear function
Authors: Ramsden Richard T. , Wilson Peter , Gibson William P. R. 
Published: November 2007

SummaryImmediate electrocochleographic changes have been studied in a series of patients following intravenous infusion of either tobramycin or gentamicin. In patients receiving tobramycin, as soon as peak serum levels of antibiotic were reached, a dramatic decrease occurred in the magnitude of the compound VIII nerve action potential (AP), and of the cochlear microphonic (CM). The shape of the AP also changed. The N1component of the waveform became very small, and N2increased in size; this is the dissociated pattern of basal coil cochlear damage. The speed of onset of these electrical changes and their apparent reversibility suggests a temporary metabolic block caused by tobramycin. No such changes were observed following infusion of gentamicin.
Clindamycin in treatment of chronic recurrent suppurative otitis media in children
Authors: Brook Itzhak 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTympanocentesis was performed in 28 pediatric patients with chronic recurrent suppurative otitis media. The purulent aspirate was cultured aerobically and anaerobically. Aerobes only were isolated from 4(14·3 per cent) patients; five (17·9 per cent) had only anaerobes and 19 (67·8 per cent) had both aerobes and anaerobes. There were 36 aerobic isolates. P. aeruginosa was recovered in 16 patients. Other aerobes commonly recovered included Proteus sp. and S. aureus. There were 38 anaerobes isolated. Anaerobic Gram-positive cocci were isolated in 23 instances. Eleven Bacteroides sp. were recovered, including 4 B. fragilis group and 5 B. melaninogenicus. All of the patients were treated with clindamycin in a dose of 30 to 40 mg per kilogram per day divided into 3 dosages for a total period of 14 to 21 days (average 17 days). When Gram-negative enteric aerobic rods were also recovered in substantial numbers, an aminoglycoside (gentamicin) was added to the therapy (in 12 patients) and administered parenterally for 7 to 10 days. The patients' response to the therapy was excellent in 7 cases, good in 9, fair in 3 and poor in 9. There were no diarrhea episodes or colitis noted and there were no other sideeffects due to the therapy. The above findings demonstrate the polymicrobial etiology of chronic recurrent suppurative otitis media and suggest that medical treatment directed against the aerobic and anaerobic bacteria isolated from the patients' ear aspirates could eradicate the infection completely in more than half of the cases.
A simple technique to prevent stenosis of the tracheostoma after total laryngectomy
Authors: Isshiki Nobuhiko , Tanabe Masahiro 
Published: November 2007

AbstractStenosis of the tracheostoma after total laryngectomy can be prevented by the addition of a simple Y-incision to the U-incision for total laryngectomy. This technique ensures a wide stoma, eliminating the need of tracheal cannulation even immediately after surgery
Inner ear pathology in osteogenesis imperfecta congenita
Authors: Igarashi Makoto , King Austin I. , Schwenzfeier C. Willy , Watanabe Tsuneo , Alford Bobby R. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThis temporal bone report describes the inner ear deformities which were found in addition to the bony pathology in a case of osteogenesis imperfecta congenita. The labyrinthine pathology includes anomalously positioned and enlarged vestibular spaces, the existence of a scala communis (on one side) and the existence of hematoxylin dark-stained material in the basal zone of the stria vascularis.The appearance of temporal bone reports of osteogenesis imperfecta congenita is sporadic. Friedmann (1974)described changes in the bony capsule in one case of osteogenesis imperfecta congenita Zajtchul and Lindsay(1975)reported three cases of the congenital form of osteogenesis imperfecta with their temporal bone findings. Within recent years, Altmann reported three cases in 1962, Bretlau and Jorgensen reported one case in 1969, Bergstrom and others reported one case in 1972, and Bergstrom described the temporal bone findings in four infants in 1977. The pathologic description of the temporal bone in osteogenesis imperfecta congenita has been focused more or less on the structures of the bony labyrinth and the middle ear ossicles, with a brief description of the inner ear. In this report, we describe anomalous inner ear structures in osteogenesis imperfecta congenita.
Mastoidectomy for chronic serous otitis media
Authors: Newberg Lewis B. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to show that satisfactory results following mastoidectomy can be obtained for the problem of chronic serous otitis. The success of the simple mastoid operation or mastoidectomy with facial recess approach and the subsequent increased aeration of the mastoidantral-attic-middle-ear complex is to be suggested when the repeated use of myringotomy tubes alone is not the answer to chronic serous otitis. It is chronic negative pressure due to eustachian tube dysfunction that leads to irreversible mastoid disease.Seven cases of mastoidectomy for chronic serous otitis media are presented. All cases had adequate conservative medical and surgical treatment over a period of years for chronic serous otitis before mastoidectomy was considered. The clinical history, as well as lateral mastoid X-ray, was used in diagnosing irreversible mastoid disease.
The evaluation of vertigo and the electronystagmogram
Authors: Salman Salah D. 
Published: November 2007

SummaryA four-year experience in a Vestibular Clinic led the author to the unconventional opinion that the ENG does not often make a significant contribution in the routine evaluation of patients with vertigo or dizziness. A good history by the doctor is usually enough to make a diagnosis. Audiometry and office ice calorics are done routinely. More sophisticated tests are done if judged necessary.Around 10 per cent of the 300 consecutive cases seen at the clinic had no diagnosis. An ENG on these did not prove to be of help in making a diagnosis or getting closer to one.This paper is an invitation to good clinical and synthetic judgement in days when more and more responsibility is delegated to sophisticated equipment.
Vocal cord polyps: Incidence, histology and pathogenesis
Authors: Kambič Vinko , Radšel Zora , Žargi Miha , Ačko Martin 
Published: November 2007

AbstractOn the basis of clinical and histologic examination, history and epidemiologic survey of 591 patients with vocal cord polyps, the authors evaluate the morphology of the pathologic substrate, indicate possible pathogenesis and analyse the most frequent factors in the formation of polyps such as vocal abuse and unfavourable microclimate at work. Sex does not play any role in the incidence, and the histologic structure is not related to the time factor.
Eighth nerve alcoholic neuropathy: A case report with light and electron microscopic findings
Authors: Ylikoski Jukka S. , House John W. , Hernandez Ibrahim 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA 55-year-old man with symptoms of hearing loss, balance disturbance, and facial weakness was treated by translabyrinthine eighth cranial nerve trans-section. The patient also had a history and physical signs of chronic alcoholism and peripheral polyneuropathy. Results of laboratory tests revealed concomitant nutritional deficiency. Histopathological examination of the eighth nerve showed extensive degeneration of both myelinated and unmyelinated nerve fibers in both cochlear and vestibular divisions. Light and electron microscopic features of the degenerative process were compatible with previously described pathology of experimentally induced Wallerian-like degeneration. Alcoholic neuropathy as the cause of hearing loss and balance disturbance—and probably facial paresis—is suggested.
Posterior meatal wall reconstruction in tympanoplasty
Authors: Vase P. , Larsen B. I. , Walter B. 
Published: November 2007

SummaryAn operative method is described which has been employed in 41 cases of severe chronic otitis media. The posterior meatal wall was removed and reconstructed during the same operation, following cleansing of the middle-ear cavity and ossiculoplasty. Either autograft bone (previously removed from the meatal wall) or homograft cartilage was employed for the reconstruction. All the ears were found to be dry at the follow-up examination after an average or 28 months, but 18 per cent had reccurrence of the cholesteatoma. A SRT improvement of 5–30 db. was observed in 78 per cent, and in 21 per cent a deterioration of between 0 and 10 db. The method provides a good field of vision of the middle-ear cavity and in no cases was rejection of the re-implanted material observed.
‘Benign’ fibrous histiocytoma of the trachea
Authors: Gonzalez-Campora R. , Matilla A. , Sanchez-Carrillo J. J. , Navarro A. , Galera H. 
Published: November 2007

SummaryFibro-Histiocytic neoplasms are uncommon in the respiratory tract. This paper presents a clinical and histological description of a case of fibrous histiocytoma at the level of the third tracheal ring. This case shares some features with the four cases previously described, viz., the growth occurs mainly in young adults; recurrences are common; and all have shown similar benign histological patterns. Ultrastructural investigations confirmed the fibro-histiocytic nature of the neoplasm.
Post-operative ear canal volume measurements
Authors: Ojala K. , Sorri M. , Sipilä P. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPost-operative volume determinations have been made of the ear canals of 93 chronic ears operated on radically (removing the bony posterior meatal wall at operation, obliterating the surgical cavity by musculoperiosteal flap, and reconstucting the meatus, by soft-tissue only in 81 ears, or by cortical bone chips and soft tissue in 12 ears), and of 30 normal ears, using a liquied-filling method and by determining the compliance of the ear canal at a pressure of +200 mm. H2O.The liquid-filling method gave more exact results than did the impedance measureemnts, and the results of the later showed more dispersion in all groups of ears. In 51 ears without post-operative cavities and reconstructed without bone chips, the mean value of the ear canal volume was 0.9 ml. by the liquid-filling method, and 1.5 ml, by the compliance method (p<0.001). The corresponding values for 30 ears with post-operative cavities, but without bony reconstruction of the meatus, were 1.5 ml. and 1.9 ml. (p<0.01). The values were 0.9 ml. and 1.2 ml. in 12 ears with posterior canal walls reconstructed with bone chips (p<0.01), and 0.8 ml. and 1.0 ml. in 39 normal ears (p<0.001).
The liquid method seems to be a very exact method, but quite trouble-some in routine clinical use; the compliance method is suitable in most ears in which there has been bony reconstruction of the posterior meatal wall, but not in ears in which the posterior ear canal wasll has been reconstructed with solft tissues only, because the soft posterior meatal wall was mobile at +200 mm. H2O pressure.
A controlled study of the reliability of pure tone audiometry for the detection of gentamicin auditory toxicity
Authors: Davey P. G. , Jabeen F. J. , Harpur E. S. , Shenoi P. M. , Geddes A. M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractHearing changes in patients treated with gentamicin have been prospectively investigated. A group of patients who had a similar spectrum of clinical conditions but did not receive gentamicin have been studied as a control group. The audiometric technique was first validated by recording audiograms from health volunteers, once in an anechoic chamber and twice in a ward. It was concluded that changes in threshold <20 db. should not be regarded as significant when measured in a ward.In the gentamicin-treated group an initial audiogram was not a reliable measure of the patient's normal hearing because of the influence of their clinical condition. Twenty-one of the control patients were elective admissions to hospital and had their hearing first tested when they were clinically well. There was a 24 per cent incidence of unexplained hearing abnormalities—similar to the incidence of hearing loss in the gentamicin-treated group at follow-up. It was concluded that aminoglycoside auditory toxicity should not be assessed retrospectively.The incidence of hearing changes in the control and gentamicin-treated groups were similar. Possible causes of hearing loss in surgical patients are discussed and recommendations are made for the conduct of future studies of drug-induced auditory toxicity.
The effects of fibrin tissue adhesive on the middle ear
Authors: Katzke D. , Pusalkar A. , Steinbach E. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThis study investigated the effects of fibrin glue (‘Tissucol’, Immuno Pty. Ltd.) in the middle and inner ear. Small amounts of the adhesive were used in 36 operations performed on 18 rabbits. The light microscopic examination of these ears four, eight and 12 weeks after surgery showed that the adhesive was well tolerated and that it did not have any toxic effecton on the middle ear or membranous labyrinth. The fibrin tissue adhesive can therefore safely be used to facilitate reconstructive middle-ear surgery and, with the aid of fasic, also for the closure of labyrinthine fistulae; or to achieve a definite seal of the oval window niche after stapes surgery.
The relationship of adenoid weight to tonsillar weight
Authors: Stearns M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractNearly 70 percent of contemporary ENT consultants perform adenoidectomy as a routine when removing the tonsils. It has been stated in the literature that adenoid and tonsillar hypertrophy tend to co-exist and so a study was set up to investigate this hypothesis, with the possible that it may be of diagnostic importance. A series of 45 children admitted for the operations of tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy was investigated. No correlation was found between adenoid weight and tonsil weight. In view of this, it was concluded that tonsil and adenoid hypertrophy do not necessarily co-exist and that tonsil size cannot be used to predict adenoid size.
Macroscopic bony deficiency of the tegmen tympani in adult temporal bones
Authors: Lang D.V. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractBony deficiency of the tegmen tympani has been found in cases of fatal intracranial complifications following air insufflation of the middle ear.This study set out to discover the incidence and appearance of such deficiencies. Sevently bones were examined and twenty per cent of them had tegmental deficiencies. There was no evidence of erosive disease in any of the bones.Reverse Politzerization following myringotomy has come to be regarded as a potentially dangerous procdure. It is also possible for infection to spread from the middle ear to the meninges, or for C.S.F. to leak into the middle ear from above.
Complications of the ‘Treatment’ of Tonsillar infection by traditional healers in Nigeria
Authors: Olu Ibekwe A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTraditional healers in Nigeria attempt to treat tonsillar infections either by performing unulectomy with a sickle knife or by digital rupture of the tonsil. These procedures result in various complications, including haemorrhage, septicaemia, cellulitis of the neck, peritonsillar and parapharyngeal abscess, upper airway obstruction, and pharyngo-larygocele with pneumothorax. These complications are illustrated with case reports. The danger of encouraging traditional healers to practise unsupervised and unscientific medicine is stressed.
Unilateral immediate tonsillectomy as the treatment of peritonsillar abscess: Results, with special attention to pharyngitis
Authors: Christensen Per-Henrik , Schønsted-Madsen Ulf 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe results of unilateral immediate tonsillectomy, as the routine treatment of peritonsillar abscess, were studies in 47 patients with no previous history of serious tonsillitis. The follow-up was carried out between three and four years after operation.The incidence of tonsillitis in the contralateral tonsil remained unchanged and peritonsillar abscess did not occur in that tonsil. Symptoms of pharyngitis, periodic or chronic, were present in three patients only. This was found to be significantly lower than that found in the literature in a similar group of patients in whom bilateral immediate tonsillectomy had been performed.The results are discussed and the authors recommend unilateral immediate tonsillectomy in cases of peritonsillar abscess in all patients with no previous history of serious tonsillitis, as this apparently prevents the troublesome side-effects of chronic pharyngitis.
Schistosomiasis in otorhinolaryngology: review of the literature and case report
Authors: Manni Hans J. , Lema Peter N. , van Raalte Johannes A. , Westerbeek Geert F. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractManifestations of schistosomiasis in otorhinolaryngology are rare. A review of the literature revealed only four cases.The purpose of this paper is to document the second case of schistosomiasis of the larynx.
Comparative crystallography of vertebrate otoconia
Authors: Rosauer Elmer A. , Redmond James R. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractOtoconial material was obtained from a number of vertebrates to determine the CaC03 polymorph present. Otoconia and otoliths from bony fish, amphibians, and reptiles are primarily aragonitic; those from birds and mammals are calcitic. This paper summarizes data from all other investigators as well as presenting new data, particularly pertaining to reptiles. The significance, if any, of the relationship between taxonomic group and carbonate polymorph remains an intriguing question.
Mucocoeles of the maxillary antrum Description, case reports and review of the literature
Authors: East David 
Published: November 2007

AbstractMucocoeles of the maxillary antrum extensie enough to cause local bone destruction appear to be extremely rare. Such a case is reported with the appropriate pathological and radiological findings. Perusal of the literature suggests that this condition, unlike mucocoeles arising in other sinuses, may closely mimic a carcinoma and all authors stress the necessity for Caldwell-Luc surgery to be certain of the diagnosis. Som and Shugar (1980) describe features visible on CT scanning which may help to differentiate between mucocoeles, pyocoeles and carcinomata. In spite of the relatively high incidence of cysts of the antrum, it is thought unlikely that mucocoeles in this location would arise from such a cyst; indeed it is likely that all mucocoeles arise from blockage of the outflow tract of the appropriate sinus. There is a high incidence of maxillary sinus mucocoele in Japan following Caldwell-Luc surgery (Hasegawaet al., 1979). Noyek and Zizmor (1976) suggest that compartmentalization of the autrum after operation may leave islands of mucosa without drainage; such a collection my give rise to a mucocoele.
Oral Submucous Fibrosis—treatment with hyalase
Authors: Kakar P. K. , Puri R. K. , Venkatachalam V. P. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractOral Submucous Fibrosis (OSMF) is a disease of unknown etiology. A total of 96 patients with Oral Submucous Fibrosis have received four regimens of treatment–local dexamethasone, local hyaluronidase, local combination of dexamethasone and hyaluronidase, and local placental extract. The patients were followed up for a period varying from 3 months to 2 years. The group of patients receiving hyaluronidase alone showed quicker improvement in symptoms although its combination with dexamethasone gave somewhat better longer-term results. A new regimen for the treatment of submucous fibrosis is recommended.Oral Submucous Fibrosis is a well-known clinical entity, known since the time of Sushurta. In the modern literature, this condition was first reported by Schwartz (1952). Joshi (1953) was the first person to describe this entity in India.Oral Submucous Fibrosis has been defined as an insidious chronic disease of unknown etiology, reported mainly in Indians, and affecting the entire oral cavity. The basic change is a fibro-elastotic transformation of the connective tissue in the lamina propria preceded by vesicle formation. In its later stages the oral mucous membrane becomes stiff and the patient suffers from trismus and resultant difficulty in eating (Pindborg and Sirsat, 1966).The present paper deals with our experience in the management of Oral Submucous Fibrosis over the past 21/2 years.
Juvenile Menière's disease
Authors: Filipo Roberto , Barbara Maurizio 
Published: November 2007

SummaryThe authors report their experience in the diagnosis and treatment of Menière's disease in childhood.They believe it to be essential to carry out a complete battery of audio-vestibular tests, with particular reference to dehydration procedures, which in this age group are considered to be more significant for a correct diagnosis than in adults.After stressing the importance of eliminating other forms of disease which manifest themselves with vertigo, the authors conclude by asserting the efficacy of medical treatment with diuretics and they support the surgical procedure of endolymphatic-mastoid drainage as a valid means of contending with the hydrops.
A clinical comparison of the results of two different methods of closing tympanic membrane perforations
Authors: Mendel L. , Kuylenstierna R. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract A series of myringoplasties is presented and those cases that did not heal perfect are discussed.In order to evaluate whether some changes in the technique could further improve the results, another series incorporating these changes was operated after and the results are presented. Differences in healing and post-operative hearing between the two groups of patients are evaluated.
Facial palsy following stapedectomy
Authors: Zohar Y. , Laurian N. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA case of peripheral facial palsy which appeared 8 days following ipsilateral stapedectomy, was diagnosed as Bell's palsy.We stress the uncommon coincidence of the two events and the important implications in the treatment of a palsy appearing after middle ear surgery.Bell's palsy is an unusual but real possibility which should be borne in mind before deciding on extended surgical exploration.