bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Digital interventions for healthy ageing and cognitive health in older adults: a systematic review of mixed method studies and meta-analysis
Authors: Tsai Yvette I-Pei , Beh Jeanie , Ganderton Charlotte , Pranata Adrian 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Currently, there is no systematic review to investigate the effectiveness of digital interventions for healthy ageing and cognitive health of older adults. This study aimed to conduct a systematic review to evaluate the effectiveness of digital intervention studies for facilitating healthy ageing and cognitive health and further identify the considerations of its application to older adults.

Methods
A systematic review and meta-analysis of literature were conducted across CINAHL, Medline, ProQuest, Cochrane, Scopus, and PubMed databases following the PRISMA guideline. All included studies were appraised using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool Checklist by independent reviewers. Meta-analyses were performed using JBI SUMARI software to compare quantitative studies. Thematic analyses were used for qualitative studies and synthesised into the emerging themes.

Results
Thirteen studies were included. Quantitative results showed no statistically significant pooled effect between health knowledge and healthy behaviour (I2 =76, p=0.436, 95% CI [-0.32,0.74]), and between cardiovascular-related health risks and care dependency I2=0, p=0.426, 95% CI [0.90,1.29]). However, a statistically significant cognitive function preservation was found in older adults who had long-term use of laptop/cellphone devices and had engaged in the computer-based physical activity program (I2=0, p<0.001, 95% CI [0.01, 0.21]). Qualitative themes for the considerations of digital application to older adults were digital engagement, communication, independence, human connection, privacy, and cost.

Conclusions
Digital interventions used in older adults to facilitate healthy ageing were not always effective. Health knowledge improvement does not necessarily result in health risk reduction in that knowledge translation is key. Factors influencing knowledge translation (i.e., digital engagement, human coaching etc) were identified to determine the intervention effects. However, using digital devices appeared beneficial to maintain older adults’ cognitive functions in the longer term. Therefore, the review findings suggest that the expanded meaning of a person-centred concept (i.e., from social, environmental, and healthcare system aspects) should be pursued in future practice. Privacy and cost concerns of technologies need ongoing scrutiny from policy bodies. Future research looking into the respective health benefits can provide more understanding of the current digital intervention applied to older adults.

Study registration
PROSPERO record ID: CRD42023400707 https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=400707.
Hypertension combined with limitations in activities of daily living and the risk for cardiovascular disease
Authors: Li Yiqun , Jiang Minglan , Ren Xiao , Han Longyang , Zheng Xiaowei , Wu Wenyan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Objective
The aim of present study was to evaluate the combined effect of hypertension and activities of daily living (ADL)/instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) with the risk of CVD, stroke and cardiac events.

Methods
A total of 14,083 participants aged 45 years or older from the China Health and Retirement longitudinal study were included in current study. Participants were divided into 4 groups according to hypertension and ADL/IADL status. Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to explore the associations between hypertension, ADL/IADL and new-onset CVD, stroke and cardiac events.

Results
During the 7-year follow-up, a total of 2,324 respondents experienced CVD (including 783 stroke and 1,740 cardiac events). Individuals with limitations in ADL alone, or with hypertension alone, or with both limitations in ADL and hypertension were associated with increased risk of CVD, with the adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) were 1.17(1.00-1.35), 1.36(1.24–1.49) and 1.44(1.23–1.68), respectively. Those with limitations in ADL and hypertension also had higher risk of stroke (hazard ratios = 1.64; 1.26–2.14) and cardiac events (hazard ratios = 1.37; 1.14–1.64). Similarly, individuals with both limitations in IADL and hypertension were associated with increased risk of CVD (hazard ratios = 1.34; 1.15–1.57), stroke (hazard ratios = 1.50; 1.17–1.95) and cardiac events (hazard ratios = 1.27; 1.06–1.53).

Conclusion
Hypertension and limitations in ADL/IADL jointly increased the risk of CVD, stroke and cardiac events.
Transition from driving to driving-cessation: experience of older persons and caregivers: a descriptive qualitative design
Authors: Savoie Camille , Voyer Philippe , Lavallière Martin , Bouchard Suzanne 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
For some older persons, driving is essential to maintain their daily activities and engagement with society. Unfortunately, some will have to stop driving, as they age. Driving-cessation is an important transition for older persons and caregivers, well known to cause significant challenges and consequences. This study aimed to describe the experience of older persons and caregivers in the transition from driving to ceasing to drive.

Methods
Within a descriptive qualitative design, semi-structured interviews were undertaken with older persons (n = 8) and caregivers (n = 6) from the city of Québec (Quebec, Canada), from November 2020 to March 2021. Using an inductive approach, the qualitative data was analyzed with the content analysis method.

Results
Some older persons had never thought they might someday lose their driver’s license. The process of legislative assessment was unknown by almost all older persons and caregivers. The process was therefore very stressful for the research participants. Driving-cessation is a difficult transition that is associated with loss of independence, freedom, spontaneity, and autonomy. Qualitative analysis of data showed different factors that positively or negatively influence the experience of ceasing to drive, such as the older person’s ownership of the decision, the presence of a network of friends and family, and self-criticism. There was significant impact related to driving-cessation for caregivers, such as assuming the entire burden of travel, psychologically supporting older persons in their grief, and navigating the driver’s licensing system.

Conclusions
These study results could help organizations and healthcare professionals to better accompany and support older drivers and caregivers in the transition from driving to driving-cessation.

Trial registration
None.
Working retirees in Taiwan: examining determinants of different working status after retirement
Authors: Wu Tai-Kang , Ku Li-Jung Elizabeth , Chang Jer-Hao , Chiu Ching-Ju , Hu Susan C. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study aims to investigate the factors influencing the work status of retirees after retirement, especially focusing on self-employment and unpaid work. Data was taken and analyzed from the “Taiwan Health and Retirement Study,” a nationally representative sample of retired personnel aged 50–74 in 2015–2016. Four types of work status were classified after retirement: Fully retired, Paid work, Self-employment, and Unpaid work. Multinomial regression analysis was used to explore the factors related to participation in paid, self-employed, and unpaid work. Results show that pre-retirement occupation was significantly associated with paid work after retirement. For example, retirees in Taiwan who were employed by private enterprises or self-employed before retirement were more likely to engage in paid work after retirement than civil servants before retirement. Two other factors, namely pre-retirement job stress and work flexibility, prolong the careers of retired workers, especially in self-employment and unpaid work after retirement. Gender also significantly affects the choice of work after retirement. These findings can be used as a reference for future policies on the aging labor force.
Application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing in the clinical diagnosis of infectious diseases after allo-HSCT: a single-center analysis
Authors: Yuan Hailong , Ma Xiaolu , Xu Jianli , Han Peng , Rao Guanhua , Chen Gang , Zhang Kaile , Yang Ruixue , Han Chuixia , Jiang Ming 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
We investigated the value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in diagnosing infectious diseases in patients receiving allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT).

Methods
Fifty-four patients who had fever following allo-HSCT from October 2019 to February 2022 were enrolled. Conventional microbiological tests (CMTs) and mNGS, along with imaging and clinical manifestations, were used to diagnose infection following allo-HSCT. The clinical diagnostic value of mNGS was evaluated.

Results
A total of 61 mNGS tests were performed, resulting in the diagnosis of 46 cases of infectious diseases. Among these cases, there were 22 cases of viral infection, 13 cases of fungal infection, and 11 cases of bacterial infection. Moreover, 27 cases (58.7%) were classified as bloodstream infections, 15 (32.6%) as respiratory infections, 2 (4.3%) as digestive system infections, and 2 (4.3%) as central nervous system infections. Additionally, there were 8 cases with non-infectious diseases (8/54, 14.81%), including 2 cases of interstitial pneumonia, 2 cases of bronchiolitis obliterans, 2 cases of engraftment syndrome, and 2 cases of acute graft-versus-host disease. The positive detection rates of mNGS and CMT were 88.9% and 33.3%, respectively, with significant differences (P < 0.001). The sensitivity of mNGS was 97.82%, the specificity was 25%, the positive predictive value was 93.75%, and the negative predictive value was 50%. Following treatment, 51 patients showed improvement, and 3 cases succumbed to multidrug-resistant bacterial infections.

Conclusions
mNGS plays an important role in the early clinical diagnosis of infectious diseases after allo-HSCT, which is not affected by immunosuppression status, empiric antibiotic therapy, and multi-microbial mixed infection.
Diagnostic accuracy of procalcitonin in adult non-neutropenic cancer patients with suspected infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lee Yi-Chih , Yeh Hsin-Tzu , Lu Sz-Wei , Tsai Yi-Chun , Tsai Yu-Chen , Yen Chieh-Ching 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Procalcitonin (PCT) has garnered attention as a potential diagnostic biomarker for infection in cancer patients. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of procalcitonin (PCT) and to compare it with C‐reactive protein (CRP) in adult non-neutropenic cancer patients with suspected infection.

Methods
A systematic literature search was performed in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials to identify all relevant diagnostic accuracy studies. Original articles reporting the diagnostic accuracy of PCT for infection detection in adult patients with solid or hematological malignancies were included. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, diagnostic odds ratio, area under the hierarchical summary receiver operator characteristic (HSROC) curve, and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated.

Results
Seven studies were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of PCT were 60% (95% CI [45–74%]) and 78% (95% CI [69–86%]). The diagnostic odds ratio was estimated at 5.47 (95% CI [2.86–10.46]). Three studies compared the diagnostic accuracies of PCT and CRP. The pooled sensitivity and specificity values for PCT were 57% (95% CI [26–83%]) and 75% (95% CI [68–82%]), and those for CRP were 67% (95% CI [35–88%]) and 73% (95% CI [69–77%]). The pooled sensitivity and specificity of PCT and CRP did not differ significantly (p = 0.61 and p = 0.63). The diagnostic accuracy of PCT was similar to that of CRP as measured by the area under the HSROC curve (0.73, CI = 0.61–0.91 vs. 0.74, CI = 0.61–0.95, p = 0.93).

Conclusion
While elevated PCT levels can be indicative of potential infection, they should not be solely relied upon to exclude infection. We recommend not using the PCT test in isolation; Instead, it should be carefully interpreted in the context of clinical findings.
Spatiotemporal distribution of climate-sensitive disease incidences in ethiopia: a longitudinal retrospective analysis of Malaria, Meningitis, Cholera, Dysentery, Leishmaniasis and Dengue fever between 2010 and 2022/2023
Authors: Simegn Gizeaddis Lamesgin , Degu Mizanu Zelalem , Gebeyehu Worku Birhanie , Senay Asaye Birhanu , Krishnamoorthy Janarthanan , Tegenaw Geletaw Sahle 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Understanding the temporal and geographic distribution of disease incidences is crucial for effective public health planning and intervention strategies. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of the spatiotemporal distribution of disease incidences in Ethiopia, focusing on six major diseases: Malaria, Meningitis, Cholera and Dysentery, over the period from 2010 to 2022, whereas Dengue Fever and Leishmaniasis from 2018 to 2023.

Methods
Using data from Ethiopian public health institute: public health emergency management (PHEM), and Ministry of Health, we examined the occurrence and spread of each disease across different regions of Ethiopia. Spatial mapping and time series analysis were employed to identify hotspots, trends, and seasonal variations in disease incidence.

Results
The findings reveal distinct patterns for each disease, with varying cases and temporal dynamics. Monthly wise, Malaria exhibits a cyclical pattern with a peak during the rainy and humid season, while Dysentery, Meningitis and Cholera displays intermittent incidences. Dysentery cases show a consistent presence throughout the years, while Meningitis remains relatively low in frequency but poses a potential threat due to its severity. Dengue fever predominantly occurs in the eastern parts of Ethiopia. A significant surge in reported incident cases occurred during the years 2010 to 2013, primarily concentrated in the Amhara, Sidama, Oromia, Dire Dawa, and Benishangul-Gumuz regions.

Conclusions
This study helps to a better understanding of disease epidemiology in Ethiopia and can serve as a foundation for evidence-based decision-making in disease prevention and control. By recognizing the patterns and seasonal changes associated with each disease, health authorities can implement proactive measures to mitigate the impact of outbreaks and safeguard public health in the region.
Nutrient intake and risk of multimorbidity: a prospective cohort study of 25,389 women
Authors: Song Ge , Li Weimin , Ma Yanfen , Xian Yao , Liao Xia , Yang Xueliang , Zhang Huifeng , Cade Janet E 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Multimorbidity is becoming an increasingly serious public health challenge in the aging population. The impact of nutrients on multimorbidity remains to be determined and was explored using data from a UK cohort study.

Method
Our research analysis is mainly based on the data collected by the United Kingdom Women’s Cohort Study (UKWCS), which recruited 35,372 women aged 35–69 years at baseline (1995 to 1998), aiming to explore potential associations between diet and chronic diseases. Daily intakes of energy and nutrients were estimated using a validated 217-item food frequency questionnaire at recruitment. Multimorbidity was assessed using the Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) through electronic linkages to Hospital Episode Statistics up to March 2019. Cox’s proportional hazards models were used to estimate associations between daily intakes of nutrients and risk of multimorbidity. Those associations were also analyzed in multinomial logistic regression as a sensitivity analysis. In addition, a stratified analysis was conducted with age 60 as the cutoff point.

Results
Among the 25,389 participants, 7,799 subjects (30.7%) were confirmed with multimorbidity over a median follow-up of 22 years. Compared with the lowest quintile, the highest quintile of daily intakes of energy and protein were associated with 8% and 12% increased risk of multimorbidity respectively (HR 1.08 (95% CI 1.01, 1.16), p-linearity = 0.022 for energy; 1.12 (1.04, 1.21), p-linearity = 0.003 for protein). Higher quintiles of daily intakes of vitamin C and iron had a slightly lowered risk of multimorbidity, compared to the lowest quintile. A significantly higher risk of multimorbidity was found to be linearly associated with higher intake quintiles of vitamin B12 and vitamin D (p-linearity = 0.001 and 0.002, respectively) in Cox models, which became insignificant in multinomial logistic regression. There was some evidence of effect modification by age in intakes of iron and vitamin B1 associated with the risk of multimorbidity (p-interaction = 0.006 and 0.025, respectively).

Conclusions
Our findings highlight a link between nutrient intake and multimorbidity risk. However, there is uncertainty in our results, and more research is needed before definite conclusions can be reached.
Effect of furosemide in the treatment of high-altitude pulmonary edema
Authors: Tenzing Dava , Suolang Pianduo , Gesang Deji , Suolang Duoji , Duan Gaozhan , Ciren Wangmu , Wang Yihui , Ni Tongtian 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
High-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) refers to the onset of breathlessness, cough, and fever at rest after arriving at high altitudes. It is a life-threatening illness caused by rapid ascent to high altitudes. Furosemide is controversial in HAPE treatment but is routinely used in China. Further research is needed to assess its efficacy and impact on HAPE management and prognosis. The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of furosemide for HAPE.

Methods
A retrospective was conducted to analysis of patients with HAPE admitted to the People’s Hospital of Shigatse City from January 2018 to September 2023. Patients were divided into furosemide group and non-furosemide group for further analysis. Clinical variables including demographic information, comorbidities, vital signs, inflammatory markers, biochemical analysis, CT severity score and prognostic indicators were collected.

Results
A total of 273 patients were enrolled, with 209 patients in the furosemide group and 64 patients in the non-furosemide group. The furosemide group showed a significantly decrease in CT severity scores compared to the non-furosemide group. Subgroup analysis showed that the longer the duration of furosemide use, the more pronounced the improvement in lung CT severity scores. But there were no significant differences in length of hospital stay and in-hospital mortality between the two groups.

Conclusion
Furosemide helps alleviate pulmonary edema in HAPE patients, but further research is needed to clarify its impact on prognosis.
Association of serum asprosin with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease in older adult type 2 diabetic patients: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Cui Junfang , Liu Yunfeng , Li Mina , Yin Jianhong , Yang Jing , Xu Linxin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
To explore the association of serum asprosin levels with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods
The cross-sectional study enrolled patients ≥ 65 years old diagnosed with T2DM at two community health service centers between November 2019 and July 2021. Logistic regression was applied to analyze the influencing factors of MAFLD.

Results
Totally 219 cases were included. Compared with diabetic individuals without MAFLD (n = 105), diabetics with MAFLD (n = 114) had younger ages, higher body mass index values, shorter time from T2DM diagnosis, increased waist-to-hip ratios, elevated triglycerides, reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT), elevated γ-glutaryl transferase, elevated fasting insulin, and elevated HOMA-IR (all P < 0.05). Serum asprosin levels were elevated in diabetics with MAFLD in comparison with the non-MAFLD group (291.71 ± 73.69 vs. 255.24 ± 82.52 pg/ml, P = 0.001). Multivariable analysis revealed, after adjusted for age, time from T2DM diagnosis, HDL-C, and ALT, serum asprosin level (OR = 1.006, 95%CI: 1.001–1.010, P = 0.014) were independently associated with MAFLD in T2DM.

Conclusions
High asprosin level are associated with MAFLD in older patients with T2DM, after adjusted for age, time from T2DM diagnosis, WHR, TG, HDL-C, ALT, GGT, FINS, and HOMA-IR.
Effect of dynamic neuromuscular stabilization training using the inertial load of water on functional movement and postural sway in middle-aged women: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kang Shuho , Park Ilbong , Ha Min-Seong 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Chronic stress and diseases occur more frequently in middle-aged compared to younger women and this is often the result of physical, psychological and socio-economic changes. These health consequences reduce lower body muscle mass and flexibility, leading to generalized impairments in functional movement and balance. Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilization (DNS) training using the inertial load of water is known for its positive impact on functional strength improvement and muscle stabilization.

Objective
This study aimed to determine the effect of DNS training using inertial water loads on functional movement and postural sway in middle-aged women.

Method
A sample of 24 middle-aged women participated in the study and were randomly divided into two groups: the experimental group, n = 12 (age: 58.33 ± 1.48 yrs, height: 162.16 ± 1.27 cm, weight: 61.77 ± 2.21 kg) and control group, n = 12 (age: 59.58 ± 1.13 yrs, height: 160.1 ± 1.13 cm, weight: 57.51 ± 1.12 kg). Center of Pressure (COP), moving distance, Root Mean Square (RMS), movement area and Functional Movement Screen (FMS) were conducted and analyzed pre- and post-examination. Participants engaged in the DNS training regimen, which utilized the inertial load of water, for 60 min each session, conducted twice weekly for 12 weeks.

Results
There were significant differences in the COP distance (p < 0.001), RMS (p < 0.05), COP area and FMS test (p < 0.001) in the pre-post comparison of each group. And significant differences were found in COP distance (p < 0.05), RMS (p < 0.05), COP area (p < 0.05) and FMS test (p < 0.05) between groups. The DNS training improved the dynamic stability of single-leg standing, torso stability and functional movement in middle-aged women.

Conclusion
DNS training programs using the inertial load of water have been shown to be effective in movement improvement and posture retention ability, which is beneficial for functional movement, equilibrium strategy, and dynamic stability of middle-aged women. Furthermore, the DNS training method designed in this study can be useful for trainees who require posture correction in a safe and effective way regardless of their age and gender.