bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Causal relationships between Sjögren's syndrome and Parkinson's disease: A Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Wang Jing , Li Yixuan , Zhang Ju , Jiang Huan , Qi Jiaping , Gu Qinchen , Sun Qiong , Chen Lin , Jiang Zhaoyu , Liu Aihui , Ying Zhenhua 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundEpidemiological and observational studies have indicated an association between Sjögren's syndrome (SS) and Parkinson's disease (PD). However, consistent conclusions have not been reached due to various limitations. In order to determine whether SS and PD are causally related, we conducted a Mendelian randomization study (MR) with two samples.MethodsData for SS derived from the FinnGen consortium's R9 release (2495 cases and 365 533 controls). Moreover, data for PD were acquired from the publicly available GWAS of European ancestry, which involved 33 674 cases and 449 056 controls. The inverse variance weighted, along with four other effective methodologies, were employed to comprehensively infer the causal relationships between SS and PD. To assess the estimation's robustness, a number of sensitivity studies were performed. To determine the probability of reverse causality, we performed a reverse MR analysis.ResultsThere was no evidence of a significant causal effect of SS on PD risks based on the MR [odds ratio (OR) = 1.03; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.95–1.11; p = .45]. Similarly, no evidence supported the causal effects of PD on SS (OR = 0.92; 95% CI = 0.81–1.04; p = .20). These findings held up under rigorous sensitivity analysis.ConclusionsMR bidirectional analysis did not reveal any cause‐and‐effect relationship between SS and PD, or vice versa. Further study of the mechanisms that may underlie the probable causal association between SS and PD is needed.
Quality of life in patients with myositis is associated with functional capacity, body composition, and disease activity—Baseline data from a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Jensen Kasper Yde , Aagaard Per , Suetta Charlotte , Nielsen Jakob L. , Schrøder Henrik D. , Grønset Charlotte , Simonsen Casper , Diederichsen Louise P. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the potential associations between functional capacity, muscle strength, body composition, and disease‐related measures and quality of life in patients with myositis.MethodsBaseline measures of functional capacity (functional index 3 (FI3), 2‐minute walk test (2MWT), timed up and go (TUG) and 30‐s sit‐to‐stand (30‐STS)), muscle strength (incl. leg and handgrip strength), maximal leg extensor power, body composition (appendicular lean mass, fat percentage/mass) and disease‐related measures (disease activity & damage core sets) were examined for their associations with quality of life (physical‐ and mental component summary scores, Short Form 36 questionnaire (SF‐36)) by means of Spearman's correlation analysis.ResultsA total of 32 patients with myositis were included. Positive correlations between SF‐36 physical component summary score (PCS) and FI3, 30‐STS, TUG, 2MWT, leg extensor power, leg strength, bench press strength, and handgrip strength were observed. In contrast, fat percentage and fat mass correlated negatively with PCS. In disease‐related measures, Extramuscular global assessment, health assessment questionnaire, physician global damage, and patient global damage scores were negatively associated with SF‐36 PCS. No correlations to the mental component summary score of SF‐36 were observed.ConclusionAll measures of functional capacity were positively related to the SF‐36 physical component summary score, indicating higher functional capacity positively affects quality of life in patients with myositis. Health assessment questionnaire and patient global damage scores demonstrated the strongest correlations with SF‐36 physical component summary scores, further supporting these patient‐reported outcomes as viable monitoring tools in patients with myositis.
Patient perceptions of behavioral flags in the emergency department: A qualitative analysis
Authors: Gonzales Rachel E. , Seeburger Emily F. , Friedman Ari B. , Agarwal Anish K. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundTo combat increasing levels of violence in the emergency department (ED), hospitals have implemented several safety measures, including behavioral flags. These electronic health record (EHR)‐based notifications alert future clinicians of past incidents of potentially threatening patient behavior, but observed racial disparities in their placement may unintentionally introduce bias in patient care. Little is known about how patients perceive these flags and the disparities that have been found in their placement.ObjectiveThis study aims to investigate patient perceptions and perceived benefits and harms associated with the use of behavioral flags.MethodsTwenty‐five semistructured qualitative interviews were conducted with a convenience sample of patients in the ED of a large, urban, academic medical center who did not have a behavioral flag in their EHR. Interviews lasted 10–20 min and were recorded then transcribed. Thematic analysis of deidentified transcripts took place in NVivo 20 software (QSR International) using a general inductive approach.ResultsParticipant perceptions of behavioral flags varied, with both positive and negative opinions being shared. Five key themes, each with subthemes, were identified: (1) benefits of behavioral flags, (2) concerns and potential harms of flags, (3) transparency with patients, (4) equity, and (5) ideas for improvement.ConclusionsPatient perspectives on the use of behavioral flags in the ED vary. While many saw flags as a helpful tool to mitigate violence, concerns around negative impacts on care, transparency, and equity were also shared. Insights from this stakeholder perspective may allow for health systems to make flags more effective without compromising equity or patient ideals.
Children's Behavioural Issues and Kinship Caregiver Depression: The Roles of Self‐Care and Formal Support
Authors: Shao Wenjing , Sun Fei , Sheneman Gretchen , Brock Michele 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to examine two intervening variables, self‐care and formal support that affect the relationship between children with behavioural issues and caregiver depression. Specifically, this study examines whether self‐care can mediate the relationship between children's behavioural issues and caregivers' depression levels and whether formal support can moderate the relationship between children's behavioural issues and caregivers' depression levels. Data from this study were collected from Qualtrics survey in 2020. A total of 136 participated in the survey, and 16 of them did not complete the survey. Two duplicates were removed, so the final sample size in the survey is 118 kinship caregivers in Michigan. Children's problem behaviours, depression level of caregivers, self‐care practices and kinship care navigator programme were measured. Results suggested that more frequently children showed behavioural issues, the more their behaviours are significantly associated with higher caregiver depression levels (B = 0.253, p = 0.004). The amount of caregiver self‐care practice showed a significant mediation effect between caregivers' depression level and children's behavioural issues (B = −0.314, p < 0.001), meaning more behavioural issues resulted in less self‐care practice of caregivers, and this less frequent self‐care could also result in a higher level of depression of caregivers. The moderation effect of kinship care programmes showed a disparity when caregivers were caring for children with different levels of behavioural issues. This study uncovered the differential roles of two intervening variables between children with behavioural issues and caregiver depression levels. Our findings affirmed the need to assist caregivers with children's behavioural issues in finding ways to engage in self‐care.
Transplant versus no transplant in myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia with TP53 mutation; a referral center experience
Authors: Poonsombudlert Kittika , Mott Sarah , Miller Benda , Dhakal Prajwal , Snow Anthony , Hornberg Sarah , Yodsuwan Ratdanai , Strouse Christopher , Shaikh Hira , Magalhaes‐Silverman Margarida , Sutamtewagul Grerk 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA remarkably high rate of post‐transplant relapse in patients with TP53‐mutated myelodysplastic syndrome/acute myeloid leukemia (MDS/AML) calls to question the utility of allogeneic stem cell transplant (HSCT). We, therefore, performed a retrospective analysis to compare the outcomes between HSCT (N = 38) versus non‐HSCT (N = 45) approaches. Patients in the HSCT cohort were younger (median age 63 vs. 72) while patients in the non‐HSCT cohort more commonly had complex karyotype with chromosome 17 aberrancy and 5q deletion (p < .01). A total of 69 TP53 variants including 64 pathogenic variants, and 5 variants of undetermined significance were detected. Nine patients (4 in HSCT and 5 in non‐HSCT) had multi‐hit TP53 variants. After induction: 57.9% versus 56.6% in the HSCT versus non‐HSCT cohort achieved morphologic complete remission. Median time to HSCT was 6 months and median follow‐up was 15.1 months for HSCT and 5.7 months for non‐HSCT. Median disease‐free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were 11.7 and 15.9 months for HSCT, and 4.1 and 5.7 months for non‐HSCT cohorts, respectively. Non‐relapse mortality at 12 months was 22% versus 44% for HSCT versus non‐HSCT. In the HSCT cohort, the rate of grade II–IV acute and chronic graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) was 55% and 18%, respectively. None of the patients from the non‐HSCT cohort were alive while four patients from the HSCT cohort were alive, in remission, and without GVHD (GRFS) at the time of abstraction. Better treatment strategies for patients with TP53‐mutated MDS/AML remain an area of unmet clinical need.
Impact of donor NKG2D and MICA gene polymorphism on clinical outcomes of adult and paediatric allogeneic cord blood transplantation for malignant diseases
Authors: Cox Steven T. , Patterson Warren , Duggleby Richard , Jones Owen J. R. , Madrigal J. Alejandro , Querol Sergi , Salvador Francesc Rudilla , Mata Maria Jose Herrero , Volt Fernanda , Gluckman Éliane , Szydlo Richard , Danby Robert D. , Hernandez Diana 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectivesNKG2D is an activating receptor expressed by natural killer (NK) and CD8+ T cells and activation intensity varies by NKG2D expression level or nature of its ligand. An NKG2D gene polymorphism determines high (HNK1) or low (LNK1) expression. MICA is the most polymorphic NKG2D ligand and stronger effector cell activation associates with methionine rather than valine at residue 129. We investigated correlation between cord blood (CB) NKG2D and MICA genotypes and haematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplant outcome.MethodsWe retrospectively studied 267 CB HSC recipients (178 adult and 87 paediatric) who underwent transplant for malignant disease between 2007 and 2018, analysing CB graft DNA for NKG2D and MICA polymorphisms using Sanger sequencing. Multivariate analysis was used to correlate these results with transplant outcomes.ResultsIn adult patients, LNK1 homozygous CB significantly improved 60‐day neutrophil engraftment (hazard ratio (HR) 0.6; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.4–0.9; p = .003). In paediatrics, HNK1 homozygous CB improved 60‐day engraftment (HR 0.4; 95% CI 0.2–0.7; p = .003), as did MICA‐129 methionine+ CB grafts (HR 1.7 95% CI 1.1–2.6; p = .02).ConclusionCB NKG2D and MICA genotypes potentially improve CB HSC engraftment. However, results contrast between adult and paediatric recipients and may reflect transplant procedure disparities between cohorts.
Foraging rates from metabarcoding: Predators have reduced functional responses in wild, diverse prey communities
Authors: Uiterwaal Stella F. , DeLong John P. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractFunctional responses describe foraging rates across prey densities and underlie many fundamental ecological processes. Most functional response knowledge comes from simplified lab experiments, but we do not know whether these experiments accurately represent foraging in nature. In addition, the difficulty of conducting multispecies functional response experiments means that it is unclear whether interaction strengths are weakened in the presence of multiple prey types. We developed a novel method to estimate wild predators' foraging rates from metabarcoding data and use this method to present functional responses for wild wolf spiders foraging on 27 prey families. These field functional responses were considerably reduced compared to lab functional responses. We further find that foraging is sometimes increased in the presence of other prey types, contrary to expectations. Our novel method for estimating field foraging rates will allow researchers to determine functional responses for wild predators and address long‐standing questions about foraging in nature.
Natural products of plant origin: an emerging therapeutic for dermatomycosis
Authors: Biswas Mangal C. , Mukherjee Khushi , Ghosh Sandipta , Roy‐Chowdhury Moytri , Acharya Krishnendu 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDermatomycosis or superficial mycosis is considered one of the chronic fungal infections and a global challenge for the public health system. The severity of dermatomycosis is proportionately increasing with the emerging population of immunocompromised individuals, and it is becoming more prevalent, even life‐threatening, in several tropical countries. In this context, improper long‐term treatment with synthetic antifungal drugs and their related side effects imposes additional challenges in treating dermatomycosis. Thus, the present scenario highlights the need for a novel and accurate treatment with minimal or no side effects. The multifaceted therapeutic properties of various natural products have garnered the interest of scientific communities in recent years. Generally, plant‐based products have low toxicity levels and offer diverse formulations and unique biomolecules for clinical applicability against dermatomycosis. Thus, this study presents an overview of the pathogenesis and different treatment strategies for dermatomycosis. In addition, we highlight the implementation of natural products of plant origin for treating dermatomycosis infections and reducing adverse events. Further, their mode of action and role in the development of pharmaceutical drugs are discussed.
Production of resistant starch type 3 from cassava starch with high shear mixing and centrifugation treatment to increase its total dietary fibre content
Authors: Fatimah Siti , Hafied Marisa Asrietd , Indiasih Putu Ayu Yuliani , Airlangga Bramantyo , Minah Faidliyah Nilna , Hudha Mohammad Istnaeny , Sumarno Sumarno 
Published: March 2024

SummaryCassava starch has a big potential to be a source material for producing low‐calorie starch by converting it to resistant starch. However, its original structure can prevent retrogradation of the amylose fraction to produce resistant starch so that reduce the total dietary fibre value. In this research, high shear mixing (HSM) is used to assist the gelatinisation process to provide disintegration of the cassava starch structure. Centrifugation was carried out to separate the top layers which have a high content of free amylose resulting in better retrogradation. The starch–water suspension was processed using HSM at a rotational speed of 9000–12 000 at 95 °C for 15 min. Then, the starch suspension was separated by centrifugation for 30 min. The product was then analysed using total dietary fibre (TDF), component carbohydrate analysis, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and x‐ray diffraction (XRD). From the analysis results, this method can increase the TDF content of the product up to 14.66% at 12 000 rpm.
Ventricular arrhythmias in patients with bicuspid aortic valves
Authors: Ghannam Michael , Kovacs Boldizsar , Liang Jackson , Attili Anil , Cochet Hubert , Latchamsetty Rakesh , Jongnarangsin Krit , Morady Fred , Bogun Frank 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntroductionBicuspid aortic valves (BAV) are the most common congenital heart defects and the extent of ventricular arrhythmias (VA) in patients with BAV is unclear. The objective of this study is to describe VAs and late gadolinium enhancement cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (LGE‐CMR) in patients with BAV.MethodsA total of 19 patients with BAV (18 males, age: 58 ± 13 years) were referred for VA ablation procedures. Ten patients had BAVs at the time of ablation, nine patients had prior aortic valve replacement for a BAV. All but one patient had LGE‐CMR and all patients underwent programmed ventricular stimulation at the time of the ablation.ResultsFrequent PVCs were the targeted VAs in 17/19 patients and VT in 2/19 patients. Monomorphic ventricular tachycardia (VT) was inducible in 6 patients. A total of 15 VTs were inducible (2.5 ± 1.0 VTs per patient with a mean cycle length of 322 ± 83 msec). LGE was present in 13 patients. Patients with inducible VT had larger borderzone and core scar compared to non‐inducible patients (7.8 ± 2.1 cm3 vs. 2.5 ± 3.1 cm3 and 5.1 ± 2.6 cm3 vs. 1.9 ± 3.0 cm3, p‐value < .05 for both). PVCs and VTs were mapped to the periaortic valve area in 12 patients and 4 patients, respectively. The PVC burden was reduced from 27 ± 13 to 3 ± 6 (p < .001) and the ejection fraction improved from 49 ± 13% to 55 ± 9% (p = .005).ConclusionsVAs in patients with BAV often originate from the perivalvular area and patients often have LGE and inducible VT. LGE may be due to ventricular remodeling secondary to the presence of BAV and harbors the arrhythmogenic substrate for VT.
Immune patterns of cuproptosis in ischemic heart failure: A transcriptome analysis
Authors: Chen Zhebin , Zhu Yunhui , Chen Songzan , Li Zhengwei , Fu Guosheng , Wang Yao 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCuproptosis is a recently discovered programmed cell death pattern that affects the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle by disrupting the lipoylation of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex components. However, the role of cuproptosis in the progression of ischemic heart failure (IHF) has not been investigated. In this study, we investigated the expression of 10 cuproptosis‐related genes in samples from both healthy individuals and those with IHF. Utilizing these differential gene expressions, we developed a risk prediction model that effectively distinguished healthy and IHF samples. Furthermore, we conducted a comprehensive evaluation of the association between cuproptosis and the immune microenvironment in IHF, encompassing infiltrated immunocytes, immune reaction gene‐sets and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes. Moreover, we identified two different cuproptosis‐mediated expression patterns in IHF and explored the immune characteristics associated with each pattern. In conclusion, this study elucidates the significant influence of cuproptosis on the immune microenvironment in ischemic heart failure (IHF), providing valuable insights for future mechanistic research exploring the association between cuproptosis and IHF.
Necroptosis pathway emerged as potential diagnosis markers in spinal cord injury
Authors: Liu Jingcheng , Cao Jiang , Yu Xiao , Chang Jie , Sui Tao , Cao Xiaojian 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe present research focused on identifying necroptosis‐related differentially expressed genes (NRDEGs) in spinal cord injury (SCI) to highlight potential therapeutic and prognostic target genes in clinical SCI. Three SCI‐related datasets were downloaded, including GSE151371, GSE5296 and GSE47681. MSigDB and KEGG datasets were searched for necroptosis‐related genes (NRGs). Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and NRGs were intersected to obtain NRDEGs. The MCC algorithm was employed to select the first 10 genes as hub genes. A protein–protein interaction (PPI) network related to NRDEGs was developed utilizing STRING. Several databases were searched to predict interactions between hub genes and miRNAs, transcription factors, potential drugs, and small molecules. Immunoassays were performed to identify DEGs using CIBERSORTx. Additionally, qRT‐PCR was carried out to verify NRDEGs in an animal model of SCI. Combined analysis of all datasets identified 15 co‐expressed DEGs and NRGs. GO and KEGG pathway analyses highlighted DEGs mostly belonged to pathways associated with necroptosis and apoptosis. Hub gene expression analysis showed high accuracy in SCI diagnosis was associated with the expression of CHMP7 and FADD. A total of two hub genes, i.e. CHMP7, FADD, were considered potential targets for SCI therapy.
ICA/SDF‐1α/PBMSCs loaded onto alginate and gelatin cross‐linked scaffolds promote damaged cartilage repair
Authors: Wang Pengzhen , Zhu Pingping , Yin Wenhui , Wu Jian , Zhang Shaoheng 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA three‐dimensional alginate‐coated scaffold (GAIS) was constructed in the present study to showcase the multidifferentiation potential of peripheral blood mesenchymal stem cells (PBMSCs) and to investigate the role and mechanism by which Icariin (ICA)/stromal cell‐derived factor (SDF‐1α)/PBMSCs promote damaged articular repair. In addition, the ability of ICA, in combination with SDF‐1α, to promote the migration and proliferation of stem cells was validated through the utilization of CCK‐8 and migration experiments. The combination of ICA and SDF‐1α inhibited the differentiation of PBMSCs into cartilage, as demonstrated by in vivo experiments and histological staining. Both PCR and western blot experiments showed that GAIS could upregulate the expression of particular genes in chondrocytes. In comparison to scaffolds devoid of alginate (G0), PBMSCs seeded into GAIS scaffolds exhibited a greater rate of proliferation, and the conditioned medium derived from scaffolds containing SDF‐1α enhanced the capacity for cell migration. Moreover, after a 12‐week treatment period, GAIS, when successfully transplanted into osteochondral defects of mice, was found to promote cartilage regeneration and repair. The findings, therefore, demonstrate that GAIS enhanced the in vitro capabilities of PBMSCs, including proliferation, migration, homing and chondrogenic differentiation. In addition, ICA and SDF‐1α effectively collaborated to support cartilage formation in vivo. Thus, the ICA/SDF‐1α/PBMSC‐loaded biodegradable alginate‐gelatin scaffolds showcase considerable potential for use in cartilage repair.