bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Web‐based destination marketing systems: assessing the critical factors for management and implementation
Authors: Wang Youcheng 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe Web‐based destination marketing system (DMS) has been widely used as a distribution channel and marketing tool by destination marketing organisations (DMOs) at different levels in the promotion and management of tourism destinations. However, successful Web marketing requires a systematic approach in understanding key factors supporting the management and implementation of the DMS both from business and technical perspectives. The purpose of this study is to assess the critical factors of the Web‐based DMS used by DMOs in the USA on the following five areas: website function design, website promotion, Website‐performance measurement, Web‐marketing impact assessment and organisation technology environment. Discussions of the study results and implications for Internet destination marketing and management are also provided. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Distillery marketing and the visitor experience: a case study of Scottish malt whisky distilleries
Authors: McBoyle Geoff , McBoyle Edith 
Published: November 2007

AbstractSince the 1960s, visitor tours of Scottish malt whisky distilleries have been used by whisky companies to promote their products. The original concept of the visitor as passive observer has evolved to include the notion of visitor as VIP guest in three special interest attractions—connoisseur tours, whisky schools and the Classic Malts Cruise. A value‐attainment construct based on a means–end chain progression is used to illustrate the linkage between distillery attributes and the enhancement of higher values in visitors in the three attractions. Service quality is suggested as a key component of the attractions' success. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Gaining residents' support for tourism and planning
Authors: Oviedo‐Garcia M. Angeles , Castellanos‐Verdugo Mario , Martin‐Ruiz David 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThis research analyses residents' perceptions of the effects of tourism. Economic, cultural and environmental effects are identified as determinants of residents' attitudes towards tourism development and planning. Authors speculate that there are different patterns of resident's support depending on their differential benefits obtained from tourism. A conceptual model is developed and empirically tested in Santiponce, a small community in southern Spain. Our results support our basic hypothesis: resident's level of personal benefits obtained from tourism influence their perceptions regarding tourism impacts, and in consequence, their support for tourism development and for tourism planning. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Evaluation of Amine‐Terminated Cycloaliphatic‐Substituted Polysiloxanes
Authors: Dworak David P. , Soucek Mark D. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractCyclopentyl‐ and cyclohexyl‐substituted polysiloxanes terminated with amino groups were prepared. Initially, the cycloalkene and dichlorosilane were reacted at high pressure (approx. 250 psi) and high temperature (120 °C) to yield the cycloaliphatic dichlorosilane in a two‐step process. Both the mono‐ and disubstituted chlorosilane monomers underwent an oligomerization to produce cyclic oligomers of low molecular weight (≈2 000 g · mol−1). Amine‐terminated polysiloxanes were produced via a base‐catalyzed ring‐opening polymerization of the cyclic oligomers with 1,3‐bis(3‐aminopropyl)tetramethyldisiloxane to yield low molecular weight polysiloxanes (≈9 000 g · mol−1, amine equivalent weight = ≈4 300 g · equiv.−1). The polysiloxanes were characterized by 1H and 29Si NMR, and Fourier transform‐infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR). The amine‐terminated polysiloxane was mixed with a cycloaliphatic epoxy‐functionalized cycloaliphatic polysiloxane in order to produce crosslinked epoxy–amine films. The mechanical and physical properties of the film were evaluated and afford a glass transition of the material was 29.5 ± 0.7 °C for the cyclopentyl‐substituted polysiloxane and 38.6 ± 0.7 °C for the cyclohexyl‐substituted polysiloxane. Evaluation of pull‐off adhesion indicated that 0.5 MPa of normal force was required to remove the epoxy/amine film from an aluminum substrate.magnified image
Model Reaction Studies and Crosslinking of Dimethyl‐meta‐isopropenylbenzyl Isocyanate Containing Ambient Crosslinkable Latex
Authors: Yoon Jihwan , Lovell Peter A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe mechanism of TMI‐induced crosslinking was studied using model reactions in a mixture of TMI, water and acetic acid. The hydrolysis of TMI was slow at room temperature, but could be enhanced by the incorporation of carboxylic acid groups. The formation of amide linkages via condensation between TMI and carboxylic acid groups did occur at room temperature, but was very slow. The crosslinking of a fully crosslinked latex film was also studied using a new type of latex. The degree of crosslinking of the core‐crosslinked latex films was lower than theoretical values and the mechanical properties were poor, which was ascribed to insufficient interfacial crosslinking.magnified image
Self‐Assembling Nanomaterials using Magnetic Nanoparticles Modified with Polystyrene Brushes
Authors: García Ignacio , Tercjak Agnieszka , Zafeiropoulos Nikolaos E. , Stamm Manfred , Mondragon Iñaki 
Published: November 2007

AbstractMagnetic nanomaterials have been studied in order to generate novel nanocomposites that display both the magnetic properties of the nanoparticles and the ability to self‐assemble of the amorphous block copolymer matrix. Towards this goal, iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles have been modified with PS brushes by ATRP in order to improve both the dispersion and the affinity of the nanoparticles with one of the blocks of a polystyrene‐block‐polybutadiene‐block‐polystyrene block copolymer. This method of preparation of nanocomposites opens new strategies for the generation of magnetic nanomaterials. The samples are characterized using DSC and atomic and magnetic force microscopies.magnified image
Informatics development: Challenges and solutions for MALDI mass spectrometry
Authors: Fenyö David , Beavis Ronald C. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractMatrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI‐MS) has been successfully applied to elucidating biological questions trough the analysis of proteins, peptides, and nucleic acids. Here, we review the different approaches for analyzing the data that is generated by MALDI‐MS. The first step in the analysis is the processing of the raw data to find peaks that correspond to the analytes. The peaks are characterized by their areas (or heights) and their centroids. The peak area can be used as a measure of the quantity of the analyte, and the centroid can be used to determine the mass of the analyte. The masses are then compared to models of the analyte, and these models are ranked according to how well they fit the data and their significance is calculated. This allows the determination of the identity (sequence and modifications) of the analytes. We show how this general data analysis workflow is applied to protein and nucleic acid chemistry as well as proteomics. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., Mass Spec Rev 27:1–19, 2008
HIV‐1 integrase inhibitors: 2005–2006 update
Authors: Dayam Raveendra , Gundla Rambabu , Al‐Mawsawi Laith Q. , Neamati Nouri 
Published: November 2007

AbstractHIV‐1 integrase (IN) catalyzes the integration of proviral DNA into the host genome, an essential step for viral replication. Inhibition of IN catalytic activity provides an attractive strategy for antiretroviral drug design. Currently two IN inhibitors, MK‐0518 and GS‐9137, are in advanced stages of human clinical trials. The IN inhibitors in clinical evaluation demonstrate excellent antiretroviral efficacy alone or in combination regimens as compared to previously used clinical antiretroviral agents in naive and treatment‐experienced HIV‐1 infected patients. However, the emergence of viral strains resistant to clinically studied IN inhibitors and the dynamic nature of the HIV‐1 genome demand a continued effort toward the discovery of novel inhibitors to keep a therapeutic advantage over the virus. Continued efforts in the field have resulted in the discovery of compounds from diverse chemical classes. In this review, we provide a comprehensive report of all IN inhibitors discovered in the years 2005 and 2006. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Med Res Rev, 28, No. 1, 118–154, 2008
Purification and characterization of natural Bet v 1 from birch pollen and related allergens from carrot and celery
Authors: Bollen Mirko A. , Garcia Aranzazu , Cordewener Jan H. G. , Wichers Harry J. , Helsper Johannes P. F. G. , Savelkoul Huub F. J. , van Boekel Martinus A. J. S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractBirch pollen allergy is predominantly caused by the major allergen Bet v 1 and can lead to crossreactions with homologous proteins in food. Two major cross‐reactive food allergens are Dau c 1 from carrot and Api g 1 from celery, which have never been purified from their natural source. Here, we describe a non‐denaturing purification method for obtaining natural Bet v 1, Dau c 1 and Api g 1, comprising of ammonium sulfate precipitation, hydrophobic interaction chromatography and size exclusion chromatography. This method resulted in 98–99% pure isoform mixtures for each allergen. Characterization of these isoform mixtures with Q‐TOF MS/MS clearly showed earlier reported isoforms of Bet v 1, Dau c 1 and Api g 1, but also new isoforms. The presence of secondary structure in the three purified allergens was demonstrated via circular dichroism and showed high similarity. The immune reactivity of the natural allergens was compared with recombinant proteins by Western blot and ELISA and showed similar reactivity.
Prostaglandin E synthase 2 (PTGES2) Arg298His polymorphism and parameters of the metabolic syndrome
Authors: Lindner Inka , Helwig Ulf , Rubin Diana , Fischer Alexandra , Marten Berit , Schreiber Stefan , Döring Frank , Schrezenmeir Jürgen 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe prostaglandin E synthase 2 (PTGES2) gene maps to a locus linked to obesity and is involved in the synthesis of the antilipolytic compound prostaglandin E2. In a recent study, we found an association of the minor PTGES2 Arg298His allele and lower risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the European Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) and Cooperative Health Research in the Augsburg Region (KORA) cohorts. Here, we employed our Metabolic Intervention Cohort Kiel (MICK) to assess the influence of the PTGES2 Arg298His polymorphism on a wider scale of parameters of the metabolic syndrome and postprandial metabolism. In comparison to subjects homozygous for the Arg allele, carriers of the His‐allele showed significantly lower fasting insulin (geometric mean ± SEM: 11.8 μU/mL, 11.41–12.25 versus 13.0, 12.71–13.33; p = 0.023), lower postprandial insulin levels after an oral glucose tolerance test (area under the curve 77.2, 74.07–80.52 versus 81.2, 78.8–83.63; p = 0.023) and lower homeostasis model assessment (HOMA)‐insulin‐resistance (3.030, 2.909–3.157 versus 3.346, 3.257–3.438; p = 0.041) and HOMA‐β‐cell‐function (107.2, 104.04–110.52 versus 117.2, 114.65–119.71; p = 0.019). Adjustment for body mass index (BMI) resulted in a loss of these significant differences. BMI tended to show lower values in His‐allele carriers, (p = 0.067). In conclusion, risk‐reducing effects of the minor His allele of the PTGES2 Arg298His polymorphism could be mediated partly by lowered BMI.
Recognizing the role of parents in developmental outcomes: A systems approach to evaluating the child with developmental disabilities
Authors: Head Lara S. , Abbeduto Leonard 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWhen developmental concerns arise in children, a clinical assessment focuses on the child's developmental profile to achieve three goals (1) determine diagnosis, (2) develop interventions, and (3) evaluate progress. Parents often have needs during this time that are not addressed by professionals because of the exclusive focus on the child during the evaluation. In this article, we suggest that clinicians take a “systems” approach to the assessment process by recognizing how the well being of family members can impact a child with a developmental disability. We review systems theory and its conceptualization of individual functioning and discuss how parental well‐being differs according to child diagnosis. Finally we suggest a systems‐based model to use during the assessment process. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. MRDD Research Reviews 2007;13:293–301.
Expressed emotion in families of children and adults with intellectual disabilities
Authors: Hastings Richard P. , Lloyd Tracey 
Published: November 2007

AbstractExpressed emotion (EE) is a measure of the affective relationship between two people characterized by criticism, hostility, and emotionally over‐involved attitudes. Outside of the field of intellectual disabilities, there has been considerable interest in EE as an environmental marker that explains variance in the severity and/or course of a number of psychiatric disorders. Researchers have also studied EE in parents and found strong associations with children's behavior problems. In this review, we focus on the data from 11 published studies of EE in families of children and adults with intellectual disabilities. We conclude that there is evidence for the presence of high EE in some families, and that this alone should concern researchers and clinicians and set an agenda for considerable future research effort. We also note a lack of attention to the measurement of EE in intellectual disability. In terms of the existing evidence base, we suggest that there is support for the hypothesis that behavior problems in children and adults with intellectual disabilities may be related to high EE in parents, and a small amount of data predicting over time support the putative causal effect of high EE on maintaining or exacerbating behavior problems. Given that EE is perhaps best conceptualized as the result of an interaction between caregivers and those cared for, there is a need to explore interventions that may help to remediate high EE within families. It is also important to understand from this position that EE may be a normative part of the experience ofcaring for someone under very stressful circumstances and not something for which families are blamed. Other future research priorities and some implications for practice are also discussed. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. MRDD Research Reviews 2007;13:339–345.
Meta‐analysis of family‐centered helpgiving practices research
Authors: Dunst Carl J. , Trivette Carol M. , Hamby Deborah W. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA meta‐analysis of 47 studies investigating the relationship between family‐centered helpgiving practices and parent, family, and child behavior and functioning is reported. The studies included more than 11,000 participants from seven different countries. Data analysis was guided by a practice‐based theory of family‐centered helpgiving that hypothesized direct effects of relational and participatory helpgiving practices on self‐efficacy beliefs and parent, family, and child outcomes. Results showed that the largest majority of outcomes were related to helpgiving practices with the strongest influences on outcomes most proximal and contextual to help giver/help receiver exchanges. Findings are placed in the context of a broader‐based social systems framework of early childhood intervention and family support. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. MRDD Research Reviews 2007;13:370–378.
A numerical method for the one‐dimensional sine‐Gordon equation
Authors: Bratsos A.G. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA numerical method based on a predictor–corrector (P‐C) scheme arising from the use of rational approximants of order 3 to the matrix‐exponential term in a three‐time level recurrence relation is applied successfully to the one‐dimensional sine‐Gordon equation, already known from the bibliography. In this P‐C scheme a modification in the corrector (MPC) has been proposed according to which the already evaluated corrected values are considered. The method, which uses as predictor an explicit finite‐difference scheme arising from the second order rational approximant and as corrector an implicit one, has been tested numerically on the single and the soliton doublets. Both the predictor and the corrector schemes are analyzed for local truncation error and stability. From the investigation of the numerical results and the comparison of them with other ones known from the bibliography it has been derived that the proposed P‐C/MPC schemes at least coincide in terms of accuracy with them. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq, 2008
Use of radial basis functions for solving the second‐order parabolic equation with nonlocal boundary conditions
Authors: Dehghan Mehdi , Tatari Mehdi 
Published: November 2007

AbstractNonlocal mathematical models appear in various problems of physics and engineering. In these models the integral term may appear in the boundary conditions. In this paper the problem of solving the one‐dimensional parabolic partial differential equation subject to given initial and nonlocal boundary conditions is considered. These kinds of problems have certainly been one of the fastest growing areas in various application fields. The presence of an integral term in a boundary condition can greatly complicate the application of standard numerical techniques. As a well‐known class of meshless methods, the radial basis functions are used for finding an approximation of the solution of the present problem. Numerical examples are given at the end of the paper to compare the efficiency of the radial basis functions with famous finite‐difference methods. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq, 2008
Validation of ICD‐9 codes with a high positive predictive value for incident strokes resulting in hospitalization using Medicaid health data
Authors: Roumie Christianne L. , Mitchel Edward , Gideon Patricia S. , Varas‐Lorenzo Cristina , Castellsague Jordi , Griffin Marie R. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPurposeTo validate ICD 9 codes with a high positive predictive value (PPV) for incident strokes. The study population consisted of Tennessee Medicaid enrollees aged from 50 to 84 years.MethodsWe identified all patients who were hospitalized with a discharge diagnosis of stroke between 1999 and 2003 using highly specific codes (ischemic stroke ICD 9‐CM codes 433.x1, 434 [excluding 434.x0], or 436; intracerebral hemorrhage [431]; and subarachnoid hemorrhage [430]). We reviewed medical records of a systematic sample of 250 cohort members. We randomly selected 10–30 eligible records for review from hospitals with at least 10 stroke hospitalizations.ResultsWe reviewed 231 charts (93% of total sampled), and 205 (89%) met study criteria for new outpatient stroke. Of the 205 confirmed new outpatient strokes, 196 had stroke listed as the primary discharge diagnosis (PPV = 96%). However, 46 (23%) of the 196 patients identified by the primary diagnosis also had a remote stroke history (recurrent stroke not incident). Thus the PPV of the primary discharge diagnosis for identifying incident stroke decreased to 74%. When we applied an algorithm that restricted our population to those with stroke as the primary diagnosis and excluded patients with any prior outpatient diagnosis of stroke, we identified incident stroke events with more precision (PPV = 80%).ConclusionThe PPV of incident strokes was 80% using our strategy of primary discharge diagnosis and excluding prior outpatient diagnoses of stroke. Although an unknown percentage of incident strokes are missed, this group of proven incident stroke patients can be used for etiologic studies of medication exposures. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Molecular, rheological, and crystalline properties of low‐density polyethylene in blown film extrusion
Authors: Majumder Khokan Kanti , Hobbs Graham , Bhattacharya Sati N. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe molecular weight and its distribution, degree of long chain branching and cooling rate strongly influence crystallinity during processing, which in turn determines the processability and the ultimate properties of the blown film. Generally a decrease in the number of branches and molecular weight of the polymer and the cooling rate results in an increase of the crystallinity. Length of the main chain and extent of branching in low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) are also factors that affect melt rheology and film crystallinity. Long chain branched polyethylene is suitable in the blown film process due to its better melt strength for bubble stability. The objective of this article is to describe the effect of molecular properties (e.g. molecular weight and its distribution, degree of long chain branching etc) of LDPE on film crystallinity at different cooling rates of blown film extrusion. Two different grades of LDPE were selected to investigate molecular characteristics, crystallinity, and rheology. The resins were processed in a blown film extrusion pilot plant using four different cooling rates. Molecular, rheological, and crystalline properties of the resins were key parameters considered in this study. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 47:1983–1991, 2007. © 2007 Society of Plastics Engineers
Stretching induced phase transformations in melt extruded poly(vinylidene fluoride) cast films: Effect of cast roll temperature and speed
Authors: Mhalgi Milind V. , Khakhar Devang V. , Misra Ashok 
Published: November 2007

AbstractMelt extruded poly(vinylidene fluoride) cast films were prepared at different cast roll temperatures and speeds to study the effect of casting temperature and preorientation of the melt on the α‐ to β‐phase transformation in these films after uniaxial stretching. X‐ray and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were used to identify the crystalline phases. The unstretched films were characterized using small angle light scattering (SALS). The films were stretched to a stretch ratio of 4.2 and at 80°C. Birefringence of the films and the fraction of β‐phase [F(β)] formed after uniaxial stretching increased with stretch ratio. The films showed increased crystallinity after stretching. For the films prepared at different cast roll temperatures, there was little change in F(β) in the films having a cast roll temperature between 75 and 120°C, but for the film with a cast roll temperature of 130°C F(β) decreased considerably. For the films prepared at different cast roll speeds, the F(β) increased with stretch ratio as well as with cast roll speed for a fixed stretch ratio. The primary effect of changing both the parameters is a change in the average spherulitic radius (R), in the unstretched films measured using SALS. The F(β) obtained correlated well with R and lower spherulitic radii resulted in the higher conversion to the β‐phase. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 47:1992–2004, 2007. © 2007 Society of Plastics Engineers