bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peptide inhibitors of MurD and MurE, essential enzymes of bacterial cell wall biosynthesis
Authors: Bratkovič Tomaž , Lunder Mojca , Urleb Uroš , Štrukelj Borut 
Published: May 2008

AbstractContinuous development of antibacterial compounds with novel modes of action (accompanied by rationalization of chemotherapeutic prescription) is the best way to address the growing problem of antibiotic‐resistant infections. Numerous clinically important antibiotics interfere with peptidoglycan cell wall biosynthesis making this unique metabolic pathway a well validated target for antimicrobials. While nearly all of these antibiotics inhibit late stages of murein synthesis occurring on the extracellular side of plasma membrane, initial cytoplasmic steps have not been extensively exploited as drug targets. We performed affinity selection of peptides from phage‐displayed libraries against two essential bacterial enzymes MurD and MurE involved in the cytoplasmic synthesis of peptidoglycan monomer. Selected peptides were found to inhibit respective target enzymes in an in vitro assay with IC50 values of 140 μM to 1.5 mM. These peptides represent starting point for design of peptidomimetic lead compounds with the ultimate objective of small molecule chemotherapeutic development. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Isolation and identification of a psychrotrophic Acinetobacter sp. CR9 and characterization of its alkaline lipase
Authors: Kasana Ramesh Chand , Kaur Baljinder , Yadav Sudesh Kumar 
Published: May 2008

AbstractForty three psychrotrophic bacteria were isolated from soil samples collected from Chandra river in sub‐alpine region of western Himalaya, India. Among these, 11 isolates were found positive for lipase production at low temperature. Of 11 isolates, CR9 produced largest zone of clearance on plate assay and was able to produce lipase under wide range of pH. The isolate CR9 was identified as Acinetobacter sp. based on morphological and physiochemical characterization and 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis. According to 16S rRNA gene sequencing data the closest phylogenetic neighbor for strain CR9 was Acinetobacter lwoffii (98.9%). The partially purified lipase from strain CR9 exhibited maximum activity at temperature 40 °C and pH optima at 8.0. Cu2+, Mo2+, Mg2+, Zn2+, phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride (PMSF), dithiothreitol (DTT) and β‐mercaptoethanol (2‐ME) enhanced the enzyme activity, whereas Ca2+ and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) had inhibitory effect. Lipase hydrolyzed wide range of short chain fatty acid esters of p‐nitrophenyl. The organism CR9 also hydrolyzed tributyrin, Tween 80, soybean oil, mustard oil and olive oil. The results highlight the relevance of unexplored microbes from cold environments of western Himalaya for the isolation of novel lipase producing bacteria. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Biosorption of copper by yeast, Loddermyces elongisporus, isolated from industrial effluents: its potential use in wastewater treatment
Authors: Rehman Abdul , Farooq Hina , Hasnain Shahida 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe present study is aimed at assessing the ability of metal resistant yeast, Loddermyces elongisporus, to uptake metal from liquid medium. The minimum inhibitory concentration of Cu2+ against Loddermyces elongisporus ranged between 2.2–2.3 mg/l. The yeast could also tolerate Zn2+ (2.9 mg/l), Hg2+ (2.4 mg/l), Ni2+ (2.2 mg/l), Cr6+ (2.0 mg/l), Pb2+ (1.1 mg/l), and Cd2+ (0.8 mg/l). The yeast isolate showed typical growth curves but lag and log phases extended in the presence of copper. Yeast isolate showed optimum growth at 30 ºC and pH 8. Metal processing ability of the isolate was determined in a medium containing 0.1 mg/l of Cu2+. Loddermyces elongisporus could reduce Cu2+ 15%, 26%, 39%, 50%, 60%, 67%, 75% and 81% from the medium after 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 48, 72 and 96 hours, respectively. L. elongisporus could also efficiently remove 80% copper from the medium after 96 h and was able to remove Cu2+ 60% and 77% from the wastewater after 4 and 8 d, respectively. The metal binding ability suggests possibility of using this yeast strain for removal of copper from metal contaminated wastewater. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Susceptibility of local Agrobacterium tumefaciens strains to streptomycetes isolates from Jordan soils
Authors: Saadoun Ismail , Al‐Momani Fouad 
Published: May 2008

AbstractFive strains of Agrobacterium tumefaciens were isolated and characterized from 12 different plant tumors. The susceptibility of these phytopathogens to antibiotics and to soil Streptomyces isolates was tested. Among the 90 Streptomyces isolates, only 12 were able to inhibit the growth of at least one A. tumefaciens strain. Four strains of A. tumefaciens were susceptible to streptomycin and cefotaxime. In addition, Streptomyces 404 strain was able to inhibit the growth of four strains of the Agrobacterium pathogens with an inhibition zone diameter ranged between 10 and 16 mm. The strong inhibitory effects of Streptomyces 404 strain on A. tumefaciens suggest the use of this strain as a promising agent to control crown gall disease. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Fphog1, a HOG‐type MAP kinase gene, is involved in multistress response in Fusarium proliferatum
Authors: Ádám Attila L. , Kohut Gábor , Hornok László 
Published: May 2008

AbstractΔFphog1 mutants of Fusarium proliferatum obtained by targeted gene disruption of Fphog1, an orthologue of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae hog1 MAPK gene showed increased sensitivity towards different abiotic stressors including UV‐irradiation, heat, salt, osmotic and hydrogen peroxide treatments. Incubation of the ΔFphog1 mutants under hyperosmotic conditions was accompanied with prolonged growth arrest, inhibition of conidial germination, morphological abnormalities and time‐dependent increase of the cell death rate. The wild type Fphog1 gene, under the control of its own promoter, was able to rescue the multistress sensitivity of the mutant strain. Real time qPCR data demonstrated that under salt and sorbitol stress conditions the Fphog1 gene is not subject of transcriptional regulation. Levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane permeability transition, nuclear disintegration and DNA fragmentation, indicators of programmed cell death (PCD) all showed significant increases under osmotic stress conditions in the ΔFphog1 mutant in comparison to the wild type strain. These results suggest that an important function of Fphog1 is attenuating apoptotic phenotypes under salt and sorbitol stressors. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Genetic diversity and correlation of bean caffeine content with cup quality and green bean physical characteristics in coffee (Coffea arabica L.)
Authors: Dessalegn Yigzaw , Labuschagne Maryke T , Osthoff Gary , Herselman Liezel 
Published: May 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND:Although people began to consume coffee for its stimulating effect, the demand for decaffeinated coffee is increasing and now accounts for 10% of the total amount of coffee consumed in the world. Forty‐two arabica coffee genotypes originating from Ethiopia were tested to assess caffeine content variability among them, and the correlation of caffeine content with cup quality and green bean physical characteristics.RESULTS:Green bean caffeine content was measured using high‐performance liquid chromatography, while cup quality was determined by professional coffee tasters. Caffeine content ranged from 9.1 to 13.2 g kg−1 on dry mass basis (d.m.b.). Six genotypes—AD0291, AD0591, AD2491, AD2691, AD2791 and AD2891—had a caffeine content of less than 10.0 g kg−1. Caffeine content showed negative and statistically significant correlations with cup quality attributes. Correlations between caffeine content and green bean physical characteristics were non‐significant.CONCLUSIONS:Simultaneous selection for low caffeine content and good cup quality is possible. Some accessions had low caffeine content, and may serve as a source of desirable genes for variety development of types with relatively low caffeine content. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
Extreme performance TEM horn
Authors: Malherbe J. A. G 
Published: May 2008

AbstractPreviously, a TEM horn with ultra wideband performance had been described. The horn made use of an elliptic plate separation profile, while the plate width was determined by an optimal impedance function and the characteristic impedance equations for microstrip. In this article, it is shown that if the impedance equations for parallel plate waveguide are employed in the calculation of the plate width, extreme bandwith of more than 70:1 for a VSWR of 2:1 can be achieved. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 2121–2125, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23550
Smooth‐walled spline‐profile Ka‐band horn covering both the full commercial and military bands
Authors: Granet Christophe , James Graeme L. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractAs an alternative to the corrugated horn, a low‐cost smooth‐walled spline‐profile horn has been designed to cover the complete Ka‐band satellite bands. This new horn is used as a feed in a typical dual‐reflector antenna to demonstrate the overall antenna system meets the usual performance requirements. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 2119–2121, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23551
Investigation on the interplay between dispersion and nonlinearity in subwavelength‐diameter silica fibers
Authors: Hu Juan Juan , Ping Shum Perry , Ren Guobin , Yu Xia , Wang Guanghui , Lu Chao 
Published: May 2008

AbstractA theoretical study of optical properties of subwavelength‐diameter silica fibers is presented, with an emphasis on the interplay between dispersion and nonlinearity. The normalized dispersion and effective nonlinearity are used to analyze the diameter‐dependent relative strength at all wavelengths. The dispersion and nonlinearity length are calculated for guiding waveguide dimension design for possible applications. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 2086–2090, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23552
A novel E‐shape radiation pattern reconfigurable microstrip antenna for broadband, wide‐beam, high‐gain applications
Authors: Ouyang Jun , Yang Feng , Yang Shiwen , Nie Zaiping 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThis article presents a novel broadband E‐shape radiation pattern reconfiguratable microstrip antenna. The MEMS switches are used to turn the two operations, a basis mode E‐shape microstrip antenna and a high‐order mode E‐shape microstrip antenna. It is important to make wide‐beam and high‐gain radiation patterns of microstrip antennas, which can be used in GPS, mobile terminal, or wide‐angle scanning phased array. The proposed reconfigurable structure is independent from the antenna types. Measured results of the proposed antennas are provided. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 2052–2054, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23554
Fiber‐optical wavelength conversion based on double‐pass supercontinuum generation
Authors: Zhang Zuxing , Ye Zhiqing , Sang Minghuang , Nie Yiyou 
Published: May 2008

AbstractWe have proposed and demonstrated a fiber‐optical scheme of wavelength conversion based on double‐pass supercontinuum generation. An actively mode‐locked fiber laser is first constructed. Then the generation of enhanced supercontinuum with 120‐nm bandwidth is experimentally achieved using double‐pass configuration, which is 30% broader than that of 90 nm using single‐pass configuration. We ultimately attain the converted pulse train with the same repetition rate as that of the actively mode‐locked pulse after filtering of FBG. It is a potential technique for one‐to‐multiple wavelength conversion with series‐wound FBGs. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 1987–1989, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23558
Cross polarization studies of rectangular patch antenna
Authors: Yang Shing Lung Steven , Fong Lee Kai , Kishk Ahmed K. , Man Luk Kwai 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe cross polarization characteristic of rectangular patch antennas exciting the TM01 mode is studied. After reviewing and extending the results for the case of edge fed by a microstrip line, simulated and measured results are presented for the coaxial‐fed rectangular patch antenna. It is found that, while the aspect ratio of 1.5 yields the best cross polarization level in the edge‐fed case, it does not have special significance in the coaxial‐fed case. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 2099–2103, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23561
Stacked patch excited horn antenna at 94 GHz
Authors: Shireen Rownak , Hwang T. , Shi Shouyuan , Prather Dennis W. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThis article presents wideband transition from coplanar waveguide (CPW) to horn antenna (CPWHA) based on slot‐coupled stacked patch antenna technique. Multiple patches are used to excite the fundamental mode into the rectangular waveguide. The antenna provides an efficient solution to vertical integration with optoelectronic devices on lithium niobate (LN) for the applications of millimeter‐wave (mmW) to optical signal processing. The design is optimized using 3D finite element method (FEM) software HFSS. For −10 dB return loss, 30% bandwidth is achieved centered at 94 GHz. The return loss and far‐field radiation pattern of fabricated CPWHA are measured and has been found in very good agreement with the simulated results. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 2071–2074, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23562
Impedance and quality factor of mutually coupled multiport antennas
Authors: Sten Johan C.‐E. , Hirvonen Mervi 
Published: May 2008

AbstractIn this study, expressions for the radiation quality factor Q and the input impedance seen at any terminal of a multiport antenna are derived. It is shown computationally that because of the possibility to adjust the antenna current distribution through suitable feeding/loading a multiport antenna can perform lower Qs than a similar single‐port antenna. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 2034–2039, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23564
An impedance matching design approach for a dual‐band coplanar‐waveguide‐fed slot antenna
Authors: Joubert J. , Odendaal J. W. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractIn this study, it is shown how dual‐band performance can be achieved from a single coplanar‐waveguide‐fed slot by using an impedance matching design approach. The coplanar‐waveguide‐fed slot is connected to a high‐impedance coplanar‐waveguide transmission line stub terminated with a capacitor. The two elements (slot and terminated stub) forming the antenna can be designed such that the series slot impedance added to the input impedance of the terminated stub result in two distinct resonances at the desired center frequencies for a dual‐band application. A dual‐band 2.4/5.2 GHz antenna is designed, and simulations are validated by the measured reflection coefficient and radiation pattern results. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 2031–2034, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23565
Electromagnetic scattering from perfectly conducting periodic surfaces by transforming into equivalent boundary condition
Authors: Serkan Tezel Necmi 
Published: May 2008

AbstractIn this study, electromagnetic scattering from perfectly conducting periodic surface have been solved by means of transformation of problem into equivalent problem, that is scattering from plane represented by high order inhomogeneous impedance boundary condition (IBC). High order impedance functions are determined by function of the roughness of the surface. Then, transformed equivalent problem is solved by means of series expansion method using Floquet modes. This transformation makes the problem simple formulation and computational effectively without involving calculation of slowly converging periodic Green's function. Results and computational times obtained by transform method and those obtained by Method of Moment (MoM) technique are compared. Good agreements are observed in results. It is also observed that transform method needs much less computational time than MoM method. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 1997–2000, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23567
Long‐period fiber gratings mechanically induced by winding a string around a fiber/grooved tube set
Authors: Rego G. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractIn this article, we present detailed results on the fabrication and characterization of mechanically induced gratings produced by winding a string around a fiber/tube set. A comparison between the mechanical and arc‐induced gratings is made, which allowed us to draw some conclusions on the formation mechanisms of the latter. The usefulness of mechanical gratings in research labs is discussed and two typical applications are also presented. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 2064–2068, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23572
Printed inset sleeve monopole antennas for dual‐band applications
Authors: Baik J.‐W. , Kim Y.‐S. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractIn this study, the simple printed monopole antennas with dual‐band operation are presented. The proposed antennas without any additional metal strips are consisted of the ground shorted inset sleeve for both microstrip and coplanar waveguide type ones. The omnidirectional radiation patterns of two models at two designed frequencies are almost similar to those of a conventional monopole. These printed monopole antennas are very suitable to various dual‐band applications for modern communications. Details of the proposed design and experimental results are demonstrated in this article. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 1995–1997, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23574
A small RFID tag antenna with bandwidth‐enhanced characteristics and a simple feeding structure
Authors: Bae Su Won , Lee Woosung , Chang Kihun , Kwon Sewoong , Yoon Young Joong 
Published: May 2008

AbstractA small RFID tag antenna in a UHF band is proposed in this article. Using dual resonance, the antenna has bandwidth‐enhanced characteristics without an additional matching circuit. The meander shape of the proposed antenna helps to reduce the antenna size. The bandwidth of the antenna is enhanced by two radiators that create dual resonance in adjacent frequencies. When the length and location of each radiator are adjusted, the antenna can make dual resonance at an arbitrary impedance point, thereby enabling the antenna to match an RFID tag chip in a wide frequency range. According to the simulated and measured results, the proposed antenna has almost double the bandwidth of a regular antenna. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 2027–2031, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23576
A novel ring‐wide bandpass filter by using orthogonal feed structure
Authors: Weng Min‐Hang , Liu Shih‐Kun , Liu Yi‐Ting , Hung Cheng‐Yuan 
Published: May 2008

AbstractIn this article, a simple method to design a high‐performance ring‐wideband bandpass filter centered at 4 GHz without the perturbation element is presented. The coupling between the two orthogonal modes is accomplished by combining the resonant mode of the ring resonator and the resonant mode of the coupling line having a length about λg/4 with respect to 4 GHz. This fabricated filter at center frequency f0 of 4 GHz has showed very good measured characteristics, including a 3‐dB fractional bandwidth of 40%, a very low insertion loss of 0.3 ± 0.1 dB, a stopband from 6 to 10 GHz, and a very high selectivity. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 2025–2027, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23577
Miniaturized dual‐mode bandpass filter using meander square‐ring resonator
Authors: Chen Chien‐Hung , Chen Hua‐Ming , Lin Yi‐Fang , Yang Cheng‐Fu 
Published: May 2008

AbstractA dual‐mode bandpass filter (BPF) using the degenerate modes of a meander square‐ring structure printed on the high‐permittivity substrate is proposed. The dual‐mode resonator is based on a square‐ring loaded with two meander strips at the coupling sides. The filter is printed on the Al2O3 substrate with a permittivity of 9.8 and could be easily integrated with RF circuits. Besides its simple structure, the filter shows low insertion loss and small size, owing to the high‐permittivity substrate used. The proposed filter shows a 6.3% bandwidth at the central frequency 2406 MHz, and it also provides transmission zeros on both sides of the bandwidth. Experimental results are in good agreement with simulated values. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 2117–2119, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23578
Folded shorted patch antenna with an offset feeding probe
Authors: Wong S. H. , Lau K. L. , Luk K. M. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThis article presents the design and performance of a wideband folded shorted patch antenna. The proposed antenna consists of a folded trapezoidal patch that is shorted to the ground plane and is fed by a coaxial probe. By offsetting the probe feeding position from the midline of the patch, wide impedance bandwidth of 56.1% (1.59–2.83 GHz) is obtained for SWR < 2, which is nearly two times that of the antenna without offsetting the probe. The patch of this antenna is 0.071λ0 in height and 0.35λ0 in length, where λ0 is the free space wavelength at the center frequency of its operating bandwidth. Therefore, this antenna is suitable for the multiband indoor wireless communication systems nowadays. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 2114–2117, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23579
Simulation of photonic crystal nanocavity using the FETI‐DPEM method
Authors: Li Yu‐Jia , Jin Jian‐Ming 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe dual‐primal finite element tearing and interconnecting (FETI‐DPEM) method, as an application of a nonoverlapping domain decomposition method to the finite element analysis of electromagnetic problems, is applied to the three‐dimensional (3D) full‐wave simulation of a high quality (Q) factor photonic crystal (PhC) nanocavity in an optically thin dielectric slab. Curvilinear tetrahedral elements and higher‐order vector basis functions are employed in the FEM to accurately represent the field in the PhC nanocavity. Geometrical repetitions associated with PhCs nanocavities are fully exploited, which significantly reduces the computational complexity and memory requirement. Moreover, due to its domain decomposition nature, the FETI‐DPEM method is highly parallelizable, which further accelerates the computation using parallel computing techniques. As a result, such a method is ideally suited for the fullwave analysis of PhC nanocavities. Simulations of a high Q PhC nanocavity using the FETI‐DPEM method are carried out to demonstrate the efficiency of the method. The calculated Q factors are compared with previously published data. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 2083–2086, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23580