bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Allelic loss at chromosome band 8p21.3‐p22 is associated with progression of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Emi Mitsuru , Fujiwara Yoshiyuki , Ohata Hiroyuki , Tsuda Hitoshi , Hirohashi Setsuo , Koike Morio , Miyaki Michiko , Monden Morito , Nakamura Yusuke 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHuman hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) frequently show loss of heterozygosity at loci on the short arm of chromosome 8. To define a region on 8p commonly deleted in HCC, we used 20 restriction fragment length polymorphism markers to carry out detailed deletion mapping in 142 HCC. Of the 124 informative cases, 56 (45%) showed allelic losses in tumors. While more than half of them had lost alleles at every locus on the short arm, others lost them partially or interstitially. Common deletion of an 8‐cM region flanked by cMSR‐32 and cC18‐245, at 8p21.3‐p22, suggested the presence of a tumor suppressor gene(s) in this interval. Correlation between allelic losses on 8p and clinicopathological parameters were examined in the 51 cases for which detailed clinical data were available; allelic losses on 8p were observed in none of five tumors at stage T1 (0%), nine of 20 tumors at stage T2 (45%), and 17 of 26 tumors at stage T3/T4 (65%). A higher frequency of allelic losses on 8p was observed in poorly differentiated tumors (10/14, 71%) than in well differentiated tumors (3/13, 23%). The association of allelic losses on 8p with advanced clinical stage and poor differentiation implies that loss or inactivation of a tumor suppressor gene(s) on 8p may play a role in the progression of HCC. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Loss of heterozygosity in malignant melanoma at loci on chromosomes 11 and 17 implicated in the pathogenesis of other cancers
Authors: Tomlinson I. P. M. , Gammack A. J. , Stickland J. E. , Mann G. J. , Mackie R. M. , Kefford R. F. , McGee J. O'D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractForty‐six cases of sporadic melanoma have been investigated for loss of heterozygosity at 4 loci: D11S29 (11q23), YNZ22 (17p13.3), TP53 (17p13.1); and NM23 (17q22). Each of the loci is thought to be important in the pathogenesis of other tumours. Mutations were found infrequently at the YNZ22, NM23, and TP53 loci. At D11S29, however, the frequency of mutation in the melanoma samples was high (67%) and mutations at this locus were associated with younger age at presentation. This region of chromosome 11 is also commonly mutated in breast cancers and haematological malignancies. Genetic aberrations at D11S29 may therefore represent nonspecific mutations found in several malignancies or part of a pathway common to the malignant phenotype. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Near‐haploid karyotype in a squamous cell lung carcinoma
Authors: Drouin Valérie , Viguié Franck , Debesse Bernard 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCytogenetic analysis of a squamous cell lung carcinoma revealed a near‐haploid karyotype with 27 chromosomes, in both primary cultures and an established cell line. The only chromosomes with two homologs present were chromosomes X, 5, 7, and 22. The two X chromosomes were early and late replicating, respectively. No structural rearrangements could be detected. In vitro, the clone evolved by duplication towards hyperdiploidy with 54 chromosomes. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mapping of the gene for interferon‐inducible dsRNA‐dependent protein kinase to chromosome region 2p21‐22: A site of rearrangements in myeloproliferative disorders
Authors: Hanash Samir M. , Beretta Laura , Barcroft Christine L. , Sheldon Susan , Glover Thomas W. , Ungar David , Sonenberg Nahum 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRecent evidence suggests that the human interferon‐inducible double‐stranded RNA‐dependent protein kinase may function as a tumor suppressor. Here we describe the mapping of the gene for this kinase to chromosome region 2p21‐22 by fluorescence in situ hybridization. A combined analysis of cytogenetic data from a series of 341 patients with hematologic disorders that exhibited cytogenetic abnormalities and from published reports indicates that abnormalities involving 2p21‐22 occur nonrandomly and are observed among patients with acute myelogenous leukemia, raising the possibility of a role for this protein kinase in leukemogenesis. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
In situ hybridization to interphase nuclei in acute leukemia
Authors: Romana Serge P. , Cherif Dorra , Coniat Maryvonne Le , Derré Josette , Flexor Marie‐Ange , Berger Roland 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNumerical chromosome abnormalities were studied in 17 acute lymphoblastic leukemias and one hyperdiploid acute myeloblastic leukemia by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using YAC clones specific to chromosomes 21 and 6. The results agreed well with cytogenetic findings. Hyperdiploid leukemias with more than 50 chromosomes usually had 4 copies of chromosome 21 and three of chromosome 6, while diploid and pseudodiploid cases were confirmed to have two copies of the two chromosomes. Interesting discrepancies were also observed. In one patient, trisomy 6 was detected by FISH but not by cytogenetics because of the probable inclusion of a chromosome 6 segment within a marker chromosome. The percentages of nuclei with 3 or 4 spots (chromosome 21) and three spots (chromosome 6) in hyperdiploid cells were significantly different in some patients, whereas they might be identical from cytogenetic data. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Integration site of human papillomavirus type‐18 DNA in chromosome band 8q22.1 of C4‐1 cervical carcinoma: DNase I hypersensitivity and methylation of cellular flanking sequences
Authors: Gallego Marta I. , Lazo Pedro A. , Zimonjic Drazen B. , Popescu Nicholas C. , Dipaolo Joseph A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe C4‐1 cell line derived from a non‐keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix contains integrated human papillomavirus‐18 DNA. Fluorescence in situ hybridization of C4‐1 cells demonstrated a single viral integration site at 8q22.1 on a derivative chromosome originating from an 8q; 12q translocation. 8q22 is a site of chromosome fragility and is also recombinogenic in several human malignancies. DNase I hypersensitivity of the integration site was studied with a cellular flanking probe. A hypersensitive site was detected within 3 kb from viral DNA. The integration sites are undermethylated in C4‐1 and HeLa cells and fully methylated in tumor cell lines of other origin, such as lymphoid cells. Genes Chrom Cancer 9:28‐32 (1994). © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Rhabdoid tumor of the kidney with primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the central nervous system: Associated tumors with different histologic, cytogenetic, and molecular findings
Authors: Fort Daniel W. , Tonk Vijay S. , Tomlinson Gail E. , Timmons Charles F. , Schneider Nancy R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRhabdoid tumor of the kidney (RTK) is associated with tumors of the central nevous system (CNS) in approximately 15% of cases. We describe the clinical features, histologic and cytogenetic findings, and molecular analysis of renal and CNS tumors from the same patient. The histology of the renal tumor was consistent with rhabdoid tumor. The CNS tumor was a primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET). The karyotype of the RTK was normal male. The PNET of the brain demonstrated monosomy 22 as the only cytogenetic abnormality, similar to reported cases of malignant rhabdoid tumor of the brain, but dissimilar to nonrandom cytogenetic findings in other CNS PNETs. Molecular cytogenetic and DNA marker studies confirmed loss of chromosome 22 in this patient's brain tumor. DNA allelotyping showed retention of both parental chromosome 22 alleles in the RTK and loss of the maternal allele in the PNET. Evaluation of additional RTKs and brain tumors occurring in the same patient may provide insight into the origins and relationships of these enigmatic tumors.
Cytogenetic analysis of 63 non‐small cell lung carcinomas: Recurrent chromosome alterations amid frequent and widespread genomic upheaval
Authors: Testa Joseph R. , Siegfried Jill M. , Liu Zemin , Hunt Jay D. , Feder Madelyn M. , Litwin Samuel , Zhou Jian‐Yuan , Taguchi Takahiro , Keller Steven M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA detailed cytogenetic analysis of 63 non‐small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLCs) was carried out for identification of recurrent chromosomal alterations. Most specimens displayed very complex karyotypes with multiple numerical and structural changes (median number, 31). Losses of chromosomes 9 (65% of cases) and 13 (71%) were the most frequent numerical changes. Loss of the Y was often observed in tumors from males. Gain of chromosome 7 was also frequent (41%). Chromosome arms 1p, 1, 3p, 3q, 6q, 7q, 8q, 9p, 11q, 17p, and 19q were particularly prone to rearrangement. The chromosome arm most often contributing to losses was 9p (79%). Other arms that were frequently lost included 3p, 6q, 8p, 9q, 13q, 17p, 18q, 19p, 21q, 22q, and the short arm of each acrocentric chromosome. The percentage of cases with loss of 3p was significantly higher in squamous cell carcinomas (94%) than in adenocarcinomas (60%). There was also a statistically significant increase in the proportion of cases with gains of 1q, 7p, and 11q in adenocarcinomas compared to squamous cell carcinomas. Several recurrent isochromosomes and unbalanced exchanges were found. Among these was i(5p), which was observed in nine tumors, eight of which displayed adenomatous features. An i(8q) was identified in six cases, including five adenocarcinomas. Double minutes and/or homogeneously staining regions were seen in seven specimens. These data indicate that numerous chromosome alterations contribute to the pathogenesis of NSCLC and that, amid this widespread genomic disarray, recurrent abnormalities exist that could have biological and clinical implications.
Use of a linear stapler in excision of Zenker's diverticulum
Authors: Talmi Yoav P. , Finkelstein Yehuda , Sadov Rima , Shvili Ytzhack , Zohar Yuval 
Published: February 2007

AbstractZenker's diverticulum is an outpouching of the hypopharyngeal wall through a triangular area of weakness in the inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle. The current treatment of choice is a one‐stage diverticulectomy, with or without a cricopharyngeal myotomy. Closure of the esophagus after diverticulectomy by conventional suturing techniques may be somewhat difficult and time consuming. In the past 2 decades, use of stapling devices has been suggested in four reports, the largest being a series of four patients. We have used the Proximate disposable linear stapler in seven cases of Zenker's diverticulectomy with excellent results. Operation time was shortened, patient recovery hastened, and no complications were seen. We recommend the use of the stapling device in excision of Zenker's diverticulum.
Metastases to and from the upper aerodigestive tract in the population of Rochester, Minnesota, 1935‐1984
Authors: Bouquot J. E. , Weiland L. H. , Kurland L. T. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe present investigation is the first population‐based study to provide incidence and clinicopathologic data for metastases to and from the upper aerodigestive tract (UAT). In a patient cohort with relatively minimal referral bias it was determined that cervical and distant metastases occurred in 21% and 2%, respectively, of UAT carcinomas by the time of diagnosis; incidence rates per 100,000 person‐years for cervical and distant metastases from UAT carcinomas were 2.8 and 0.3, respectively; occult primary lesions represented 3.8% of all UAT carcinomas; 3.6% of all invasive UAT carcinomas were actually metastatic from another body site; and the clinicopathologic literature has overestimated the prevalence of metastases at diagnosis relative to UAT carcinomas.
Local immune reaction in nasopharyngeal carcinoma, with special reference to its prognostic evaluation
Authors: Hsu Mow‐Ming , Hsu Hey‐Chi , Lui Louis T. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA study of the tumor—host interaction was conducted in 30 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). The local immune reaction was investigated by an immunoperoxidase technique using monoclonal antibodies. Eighteen patients who were clinically suspected to have NPC, but finally proved otherwise, served as controls. There was a significant difference between the number of NPC patients with interleukin‐2 receptor (IL‐2R)‐positive cells (activated T lymphocytes) in the stroma compared with the control. IL‐2R positive cells were found in 67% of NPC patients but in only 22% of controls (P< 0.01). There was a greater infiltration of T lymphocytes in patients with a good outcome compared with patients with a poor outcome. This trend was observed in both the parenchyma (60.2 versus 29.4 × 104cells/mm2) and the stroma (74.7 versus 44.8 × 104cells/mm2). The levels of Leu‐3 positive cells (helper/inducer) in the NPC parenchyma were inversely correlated to the extent of the primary tumor, but there was no correlation in the stroma. These findings demonstrate that a local host‐immune reaction does exist and may be a useful prognostic indicator for NPC patients.
Results of surgical treatment for squamous carcinoma of the lower alveolus: Segmental vs. marginal resection
Authors: Totsuka Yasunori , Usui Yasuhiro , Tei Kanchu , Kida Masataka , Mizukoshi Takanori , Notani Ken‐Ichi , Fukuda Hiroshi 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe records of 53 patients treated surgically for squamous cell carcinoma of the lower alveolar ridge were reviewed and the results of segmental and marginal resections of the mandible were compared. Analysis of these 2 treatment modalities disclosed that marginal resection was effective in controlling lower gingival cancers, with and without apparent bone involvement, if erosive bone defects that did not extend beyond the inferior alveolar canal, or invasive bone defects confined to a superficial area of the alveolar bone, were detected radiologically.
Modified mandibular swing procedure for resection of carcinoma of the oropharynx
Authors: Sardi Armando , Walters P. J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFor most patients, the primary approach to carcinoma of the oropharynx has been with radiotherapy. We describe a modification of a mandibular swing procedure for resection of oropharyngeal lesions. This modification included a mandibulotomy that began in a staircase manner in the midline and extended laterally toward the ramus of the mandible to protect a long, fixed dental bridge. It also included the preservation of the mental nerve by unroofing the mandibular canal. No morbidity was associated with this procedure.
Branchio‐oto‐renal dysplasia associated with tetralogy of fallot
Authors: Daggilas Angelos , Antoniades Kostas , Palasis Sousan , Aidonis Athanasios 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBranchio‐oto‐renal dysplasia in its full expression consists of external ear malformations, cervical fistulas or cysts, preauricular pits, hearing loss of conductive sensorineural or mixed type, and renal anomalies. The syndrome is inherited in an autosomal dominant mode. We present a sporadic case of BOR dysplasia associated with tetralogy of Fallot in a 30‐month‐old girl. The clinical aspects of the disease are discussed briefly.
Anatomy of the lateral pharyngotomy approach
Authors: Stern Scott J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe pace of progress in head and neck surgery is rapid and can be bewildering to practitioners and students alike. As education is one of the major missions of Head & Neck, this new series is devoted to a comprehensive discussion of basic anatomical concepts manifested in the diagnosis, treatment, and care of patients with diseases of the head and neck.Although the anatomy of the head and neck region as related to surgical procedures will certainly be discussed, this will by no means be the only subject addressed. Other topics include the anatomic basis for specific pain syndromes encountered in patients with cancer of the head and neck, structural and lymphatic anatomy demonstrating patterns of disease spread, and constraints to standard surgical procedures because of anatomic “barriers.” As medical illustration is an extremely important aspect of anatomy education, a concerted effort will be made to present material with illustrations that are understandable, clear, and concise. It is hoped that these subjects will not only educate but will also engender other topics of interest to readers. I welcome your suggestions for appropriate topics, as well as original contributions in keeping with the series guidelines.
Hamartomas of the nose and nasopharynx
Authors: Graeme‐Cook Fiona , Pilch Ben Zion 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHamartomas are easily diagnosed entities when occurring in the lung and gastrointestinal tract. In the nose and nasopharynx, where such lesions are rare, biopsy of a hamartoma containing epithelial proliferation may lead to a misdiagnosis of cancer, with resultant radical and deforming surgery, particularly if they present in adulthood. We encountered three such lesions over 2 years in the Massachusetts Eye Ear Infirmary, and another was retrieved from the recent files. All presented with nonspecific obstructive symptoms of the nose or nasopharynx, and were treated by resection. Follow‐up is short, (4 months to 1 year), but in no case has there been recurrence. The clinical diagnosis was malignancy in 2 cases, inflammatory polyp in one. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Fine‐needle aspiration of parotid gland lesions
Authors: Weinberger Mark S. , Rosenberg Wouter W. , Meurer William T. , Robbins K. Thomas 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe results of 49 specimens obtained by fine‐needle aspiration biopsy of parotid gland lesions were compared with the pathologic diagnoses of the surgically resected specimens. Cytologically, 33 lesions were diagnosed as benign, with 30 of these confirmed histologically and three false‐negative results. Fourteen cytologic specimens were called malignant or suspicious for malignancy, with 11 of these confirmed histologically and three false‐positive results. The concurrence rate for distinguishing benign from malignant disease was 87.2%. The sensitivity for malignancy was 78.6% and the specificity 90.9%. The pathology of the misdiagnosed lesions will be reviewed. Based on our data and a review of the literature, we conclude that fine needle aspiration biopsy of parotid gland masses, with the observation of certain caveats, is a helpful adjunctive test for diagnosis and treatment planning. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Twice‐a‐day radiotherapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: The University of Florida experience
Authors: Parsons James T. , Mendenhall William M. , Stringer Scott P. , Cassisi Nicholas J. , Million Rodney R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBetween March 1978 and March 1989, 419 patients with 439 moderately advanced or advanced primary squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck received treatment with curative intent with twice‐a‐day radiotherapy (120 cGy per fraction with a 4‐ to 6‐hour interfraction interval). Seventy‐nine percent of the patients had AJCC stage III or stage IV cancers. The primary site in most patients was the oropharynx, hypopharynx, or larynx. All patients received radiotherapy alone to the primary site, with or without planned neck dissection after radiotherapy. Surgery at the primary site was reserved for salvage of radiotherapy failures. No patient received chemotherapy as part of the initial treatment plan. Total doses were 7440 cGy to 7920 cGy in the majority of patients. In 54 patients with oropharyngeal lesions, an interstitial implant was used to add a 1,000‐ to 1,500‐cGy boost after the basic dose. Local control results were compared on a site‐by‐site and stage‐by‐stage basis with the results of continuous‐course, once‐a‐day radiotherapy at the University of Florida; the control results were the same as or better than after once‐a‐day radiotherapy for each site and stage (T2 to T4). Severe complications of radiotherapy occurred in 4% of patients and correlated with tumor dose, T stage, and disease site (oropharynx or larynx/hypopharynx). The addition of a neck dissection 4 to 6 weeks after radiotherapy of patients with advanced‐stage neck disease was accomplished with an acceptable rate of morbidity and significantly improved the rate of control of neck metastases compared with radiotherapy alone.
Treatment of a nonfunctioning parathyroid cyst with tetracycline injection
Authors: Sánchez Ariel , Carretto Hugo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractParathyroid cysts are uncommon: about 200 cases have been reported. They can be functional (i.e., accompanied by signs of primary hyperparathyroidism), or nonfunctional. Preoperative diagnosis is difficult, although it has become increasingly frequent with the use of ultrasound and fine‐needle aspiration biopsy. Fluid of parathyroid cysts is almost invariably watery, colorless, and crystal clear, which should cause clinical suspicion. However, definitive diagnosis relies on the demonstration of high parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels in the fluid. Puncture may cure nonfunctioning cysts, but surgery is indicated when the lesion recurs after several fine‐needle aspirations. We report a case of a nonfunctioning parathyroid cyst in a 17‐year‐old boy, which reappeared after two punctures made 6 months apart. On the third occasion, 1 mL of a sterile tetracycline solution injected into the cyst cured the lesion. Tetracycline and other sclerosants have been recommended as a treatment of recurring thyroid cysts. We suggest that injection of a sclerosant should be considered as an alternative to surgery in recurring, nonfunctional cysts of the parathyroid glands.
Value of fine‐needle aspiration in the diagnosis of hürthle cell neoplasms
Authors: McIvor Nicholas P. , Freeman Jeremy L. , Rosen Irving , Bedard Yvan C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe cytologic and histologic slides on all patients with a diagnosis of Hürthle cell tumor at Mount Sinai Hospital during the last 12 years were reviewed. There were 67 Hürthle cell tumors of which 15 (22%) were malignant. Four carcinomas (27%) occurred in a background of thyroiditis. Forty‐three patients with Hürthle cell tumors had undergone preoperative fine‐needle aspiration, of which 31 had satisfactory aspirates. For Hürthle cell neoplasia, fine‐needle aspiration cytology had a sensitivity of 83.8% (26 of 31) and positive predictive value of 93% (26 of 28), provided that the aspirate was of adequate cellularity. All 3 cases predicted as Hürthle cell carcinoma on the basis of cellular and nuclear atypia were correctly predicted, but 3 carcinomas composed of bland cells were incorrectly predicted as adenomas. We conclude that aspiration cytology can differentiate nonneoplastic from neoplastic Hürthle cell lesions with high accuracy, but that the differentiation between benign and malignant lesions is less reliable.