bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immunosuppressive therapy. Guidelines for drug dosage. Depression of bone marrow granulocyte reserves in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Paulus Harold E. , Okun Ronald , Calabro John J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMarrow granulocyte reserves, when estimated by the granulocyte response to etiocholanolone (GRE), are smaller in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) than in a comparable group of patients with chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN). Consequently, the dose of azathioprine tolerated by patients with SLE was only one‐half that tolerated by patients with CGN. Use of the GRE as a guide to therapy may permit individualization of dosage so that maximum tolerated doses of immunosuppressive drugs can be given to each patient.
Photoisomerization of colchicine. Loss of significant antimitotic activity in human lymphocytes
Authors: Sagorin Charles , Ertel Norman H. , Wallace Stanley L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractColchicine exposed to ultraviolet light is photoisomerized to form the lumicolchicines. Other studies have shown that light‐altered colchicine has reduced biologic activity in plants and lower animals. The effects of colchicine and lumicolchicine on arresting mitosis in metaphase were studied in human lymphocytes in tissue culture. Lumicolchicine was ineffective and not different from controls, even in concentrations of 1 × 10−6 M. The possible clinical relevance of these data are discussed.
Relationship of the clinical course of systemic lupus erythematosus to the presence of circulating lymphocytotoxic antibodies
Authors: Butler William T. , Sharp John T. , Rossen Roger D. , Lidsky Martin D. , Mittal Kamal K. , Gard Donald A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe presence of lymphocyte cytotoxic antibodies in sera from patients with SLE was related to the presence of fever and dermatologic, central nervous system and hematologic symptoms. Cytotoxic antibodies correlated inversely with the white blood count and serum complement C3. Possibly, the action of lymphocytotoxic antibodies on cell membranes may lead to complement‐mediated cell injury which, in turn, results in release of intracellular contents and nuclear antigens.
Unexpected prevalence of knee‐joint effusions in the population of sudbury
Authors: Bolzan John A. , O'Sullivan John B. , Cathcart Edgar S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe frequency of small joint effusions in the population of Sudbury, Massachusetts, as determined by the clinical maneuver called the “bulge sign”, was estimated to be 16%. The prevalence rate was found to be higher in males than in females, but the increase with advancing years was prominent in women only. While clinically demonstrable fluid in the knee‐joint was more common in persons with other signs of joint disease, these individuals formed a small proportion of the total population with demonstrable knee effusions. It is concluded that the sign also identifies a hitherto unrecognized upper range of normal for knee‐joint fluid, and it is tentatively proposed that physique may be a factor related to knee‐joint fluid volume.
Virus antibody levels in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Hurd Eric R. , Dowdle Walter , Casey Helen , Ziff Morris 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAntibody titers to a group of viral antigens have been determined in sera from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), control groups with inflammatory diseases and normals. Mean titers in SLE sera for all viruses tested were significantly greater than in four control groups, but not greater than in active tuberculosis, both by the complement‐fixation (CF) and hemagglutination‐inhibition (HI) methods. By the CF method, only measles virus showed significantly higher titers in SLE than in all control groups; by the HI method, measles antibody titers were higher in SLE than in all groups but tuberculosis. There was no correlation between antibody titers and gammaglobulin levels. The results indicated a moderate though variable overall hypereactivity in SLE to the viral antigens tested.
Corneal chrysiasis. A clinical study in rheumatoid arthritis patients receiving gold therapy
Authors: Hashimoto Akira , Maeda Yoshiharu , Itō Hisaji , Okazaki Minoru , Hara Tōsuke 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCorneal chrysiasis, gold deposition in the cornea seen in the course of gold therapy, was studied in 40 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The deposition was related to the total dose of gold and to the amount of drug injected weekly. Patients did not experience visual disturbances or other ocular symptoms. Deposits in the cornea disappeared in a fairly short time after gold therapy was discontinued.
Immunoglobulin and receptors for C3 on lymphocytes from patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Mellbye Ove J. , Messner Ronald P. , Debord James R. , Williams Ralph C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn peripheral blood of patients with rheumatoid arthritis the percentages of lymphocytes carrying surface‐bound IgG, IgA or IgM did not differ significantly from those in normal controls. However, both the sum of these percentages and the percentage of cells carrying receptors for human C3 were significantly lower than in normal controls. Immunoglobulin and C3 receptor were almost always present on the same cells, indicating that the latter also is a marker for B lymphocytes. In rheumatoid synovial fluids the percentage of lymphocytes carrying immunoglobulin appeared to be significantly higher than in peripheral blood from the same patients. No similar difference was observed for the percentage of cells carrying C3 receptors, probably due to impaired detection of this receptor in some of the fluids.
Impaired renal tubular secretion of potassium, elevated sweat sodium chloride concentration and plasma inhibition of erythrocyte sodium outflux as complications of systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Hadler Nortin M. , Gill John R. , Gardner Jerry D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA 23‐year‐old male with systemic lupus erythematosus and hypocomplementemic glomerulonephritis (creatinine clearance 84 ml/min) developed severe hyperkalemia when given a normal sodium and potassium intake. Potassium excretion increased subnormally in response to ammonium chloride, sodium bicarbonate and a sodium‐retaining steroid. Renal conservation of sodium and excretion of ammonium were impaired. These observations are consistent with defects in secretion of potassium and hydrogen ion by the distal tubule. Sodium transport by sweat ducts and normal erythrocytes incubated in the patient's plasma was impaired. The several abnormalities in ion transport could have been caused by a circulating substance(s), possibly acquired as a result of systemic lupus erythematosus.
Gold excretion correlated with clinical course during chrysotherapy in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Gottlieb Norman L. , Smith Patricia M. , Smith Edward M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEighteen patients with active rheumatoid arthritis were treated with gold sodium thiomalate (Myochrysine®) in this prospective clinical and metabolic study. Myochrysine and 195Au‐labeled Myochrysine were given at various times while the patients were hospitalized on a metabolic ward. Weekly gold excretion was determined from complete collection of urine and feces while in the hospital. Neutron activation analysis measured stable gold (197Au) content and radiometric analysis assayed 195Au activity. Weekly excretion of urine and total stable gold (total gold administered to date) and radiogold (current administered dose) did not correlate with clinical course or toxicity. There was a positive relationship between favorable course and fecal hypoexcretion of stable and radioactive gold, an observation requiring additional study and confirmation.
Kinetics of aurothiomalate in serum and synovial fluid
Authors: Gerber Robert C. , Paulus Harold E. , Bluestone Rodney , Lederer Marianne 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSix patients with chronic knee effusions were given single intravenous tracer doses of 195Au‐aurothiomalate; tracer and stable gold content of serum and synovial fluid were studied. The average concentration of tracer gold in synovial fluid was 56% of that in corresponding serum specimens. The rate at which gold disappeared from serum and synovial fluid conformed to first‐order kinetics, while observed from Day 1 through Day 7 after injection. Half‐time for tracer disappearance was 5.2 days for serum and 6.2 days for synovial fluid.
An antibody‐like material in systemic lupus erythematosus directed toward a thermolabile serum macroprotein
Authors: Epstein Wallace V , Tan Margaret 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAn antibody‐like material directed toward a thermolabile macroprotein present in all normal human sera has been identified in the sera of some patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The antigen disappears from the serum when the antibody appears and the phenomenon is associated with hypocomplementemia and marked disease activity. The complex formed by the antigen and its antibody is intensely anticomplementary. Successful treatment of the SLE is associated with disappearance of this antibody and, over periods ranging from 1 to 9 months, reappearance of free antigen. This new antigen‐antibody system appearing during the active hypocomplementemic phase of some patients with SLE may be a factor in the pathogenesis of this immune complex disease.
An immunofluorescent method for the detection of antigammaglobulin antibodies
Authors: Estes Dorothy , Atra Edgar , Peltier André 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAn immunofluorescent technic for the detection of rheumatoid factors has been developed that is easy to perform, is readily reproducible and allows the detection of rheumatoid factors in a significant proportion of otherwise seronegative rheumatoid patients. By using fractionated sera it is possible to show that this method allows the detection of IgG factors in patients negative by the latex fixation method.
The effect of a cobra venom factor on complement and adjuvant‐induced disease in rats
Authors: Kourounakis Lygeri , Nelson R A , Kupusta M A 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe parenteral administration of mycobacterial adjuvant into rats induces an arthropathy which is generally believed to be due to cellular hypersensitivity. The role of complement in this phenomenon has not been defined. The levels of individual complement components were measured in sera of normal and adjuvant‐treated rats. The effect of decomplementation with cobra venom factor (CVF) was studied in adjuvant‐induced disease (AID). It was found that C9 is elevated in AID; and that CVF temporarily depletes C3 and delays the onset of arthritis. This suggests that certain complement components may play a role in this form of hypersensitivity.
Cyclophosphamide therapy in systemic lupus erythematosus and polymyositis
Authors: Fries James F , Sharp Gordon C , Mcdevitt Hugh O , Holman Halsted R 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwenty‐two patients with connective tissue diseases, including 14 with systemic lupus erythematosus, were randomly assigned to either prednisone alone or cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) alone treatment groups. Patients declared a failure on one regimen were then placed in the other group. Initial clinical and laboratory status of the groups was comparable. In the cyclophosphamide groups, zero responses and 12 failures were recorded. With prednisone, 14 responses and 5 failures were observed; similar differences were present within each disease subgroup. Inability to control inflammatory aspects of the disease, or severe side effects, were the usual reason for discontinuing of cyclophosphamide; only rarely was it possible to obtain a prolonged trial on this agent alone. Side effects were distressingly frequent with each drug, and of similar magnitude. Ovarian suppression was documented in several patients in the cyclophosphamide group. Cyclophosphamide employed as the sole agent is not the drug of choice in the treatment of these diseases.
Mechanisms of release of granule enzymes from human neutrophils phagocytosing aggregated immunoglobulin
Authors: Henson Peter M 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNeutrophils released a proportion of their potentially injurious granule constituents during phagocytosis of particulate aggregated γ‐globulin. Lactic dehydrogenase was not liberated and the cells were not lysed. Electron microscopic observation revealed at least four related morphologic mechanisms for the release of granule enzymes. Extrusion of granules was observed primarily into vacuoles. However, occasions were noted when such vacuoles might be open to the exterior: a) When a vacuole apparently opened to allow additional material to be taken into it; b) When a vacuole remained connected to the exterior by a narrow slit; c) When two cells were involved in phagocytosis of a single particle (aggregate); and d) When extrusion of granules preceded the complete closing of pseudopods around the aggregates.
candida guilliermondi infection of the knee complicating rheumatoid arthritis: a case report
Authors: Graham D R , Frost H M 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAn elderly woman with longstanding rheumatoid arthritis and myasthenia gravis, treated with both systemic and intraarticular corticosteroids, presented with Candida guilliermondi infection superimposed on chronic rheumatoid synovitis of her right knee. This was successfully controlled by surgical debridement (synovectomy) and stabilization of the joint with crossed‐pins, leading to a painless fibrous ankylosis. The unusual organism, apparent chronicity of the infection and ultimate success of the surgical treatment are features of this unusual case.
Immunopathologic Significance of Cartilage Antigenic Components in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Herman Jerome H. , Wiltse David W. , Dennis Marie V. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPatients with rheumatoid arthritis have been studied in an attempt to detect immune responses to cartilage antigens that might function in the causation and/or perpetuation of joint inflammation. Cartilagenous antigenic determinants could be consistently demonstrated in synovial fluid and its phagocytic cellular components. Antibody to such constituents could not be detected in serum, synovial fluid or immunoglobulin eluted from or synthesized de novo by rheumatoid synovium. However, delayed hypersensitivity to cartilage antigens correlating with clinical evidence of inflammatory cartilagenous degradation could be identified.
Fine Structural Analysis of Rabbit Synovial Cells I. The Normal Synovium and Changes in Organ Culture
Authors: Krey Phoebe R. , Cohen Alan S. , Sherwood Margaret E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe distinction between fibroblast and macrophage‐like cells in the rabbit synovium is relatively easy to assess. A careful analysis of the two types of cells indicates that the Golgi apparatus, pinocytotic vesicles and lipid inclusions are more commonly observed in fibroblast‐like or F cells. The macrophage‐like or M cell is characterized by numerous short filopodia and cytoplasmic inclusions and vacuoles. Using these criteria a count of 700 lining cells revealed 63% fibroblasts, 34% macrophage‐like and 3% intermediate cells. In organ culture there is a gradual disappearance of macrophage‐like cells most marked between Day 1 and 3 due possibly to cell migration. The typical lining cell in culture has multiple lipid inclusions, widened endoplasmic reticulum and gray granular inclusions. Thus, the surviving synovial lining cell in organ cultures appears to be similar to the fibroblast of the original synovium.
Continuous Culture of a B‐Immunocyte from Rheumatoid Synovium
Authors: Ford Denys K. , Donald Smiley J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA lymphocyte cell line was established from the culture of rheumatoid synovium and the cell strain continues to proliferate after more than a year in the culture. The exposure of the cells to 14C‐amino acids has demonstrated that they manufacture IgG and IgM and, thus, they can be regarded as B‐immunocytes.
Marrow Granulocyte Reserves in the Rheumatic Diseases
Authors: Kimball Harry R. , Wolff Sheldon M. , Talal Norman , Plotz Paul H. , Decker John L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMarrow granulocyte reserves, as measured by the administration of etiocholanolone, were studied in 59 patients with a variety of rheumatic diseases. The majority of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (62%) and all patients with chronic hepatitis and Felty's syndrome tested had abnormally low granulocyte reserves. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis and Sjögren's syndrome were generally normal. No correlation could be established between deficient bone marrow responses and other clinical or laboratory parameters such as leukopenia. Plasma was obtained in 2 patients when they exhibited diminished marrow reserves. After treatment of these patients and a return of the etiocholanolone test to normal, reinfusion of the plasma had a suppressive effect on the marrow reserve, suggesting that a humoral factors) may be responsible for the abnormality.
Preparation of 125I‐labeled Native DNA for Use in Radioimmunoassays for Anti‐Native‐DNA Antibodies
Authors: Keiser Harold 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA method is described for the in vitro labeling of calf thymus native DNA (nDNA) with 125I. The 125I‐calf thymus nDNA produced by this method is suitable for use in the Millipore filter assay for antibodies to nDNA in sera of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and gives results equivalent to those obtained with 3H‐HeLa cell nDNA labeled in vivo.
Cellular Immunity in Rheumatic Diseases I. Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Waxman Jack , Lockshin Michael D. , Schnapp Jerome J. , Doneson Ira N. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCell‐mediated immunity in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was assessed by skin testing with 5 common antigens in 84 patients, dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) application in 13, and in Vitro phytohemagglutinin (PHA) stimulation of buffy coat cells in 39.Routine skin‐test reactions were recorded as the largest diameter of induration present at 48 hours. Controls included normal subjects, family members of patients with rheumatic disorders, and patients with unrelated illnesses. Results revealed two populations of RA patients. Forty‐two percent were completely anergic to the 5 antigens and 14% gave a history of herpes zoster. The remainder showed reactivity similar to that seen in patient controls. Most RA subjects demonstrated normal or only minimally diminished PHA responses. The RA patients had normal inflammatory responses to the initial DNCB application, but immune reactions to this agent paralleled skin‐test reactivity to the other antigens. The anergic individuals could be separated from the reactive population primarily by the increased duration of disease activity but not by medication taken or the degree of disease activity when tested.
The Fourth Component of Complement in the Cerebrospinal Fluid in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Hadler Nortin M. , Gerwin Robert D. , Frank Michael M. , Whitaker John N. , Baker Max , Decker John L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOf 35 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) studied for up to 18 months, 6 had acute neurologic disease and 3 had acute psychiatric syndromes attributed to SLE during which the mean hemolytic titer of the fourth component of complement in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF C4) did not differ significantly from the mean of 50 titers in control SLE patients. However, in 4 patients serial determinations disclosed a depression of titer at the time of acute central nervous system involvement (P < 0.01). Hemolytic C4 was unstable in CSF stored at ‐45°C. Two decay patterns were noted in SLE patients; titers fell more rapidly in patients with more active lupus (P < 0.001). The findings support the postulate that immune injury underlies the neurologic manifestations of SLE.
Serum parathyroid hormone levels in patients with calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition disease (chondrocalcinosis, pseudogout)
Authors: Phelps Paulding , Hawker Charles D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractImmunoreactive parathyroid hormone was measured in the sera of 26 patients with calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition disease, using a sensitive radioimmunoassay procedure. Elevated concentrations were found in the sera of 10 (38%) of these patients. Four of these 10 patients had hypercalcemia suggesting primary hyperparathyroidism, but 3 had hypocalcemia suggesting secondary hyperparathyroidism. The data extend the previously documented relationship between hyperparathyroidism and calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition disease, but an explanation for the association is not readily apparent.
Suppression of acute and chronic inflammation in adrenalectomized rats by pharmacologic amounts of prostaglandins
Authors: Zurier Robert B. , Hoffstein Sylvia , Weissmann Gerald 
Published: February 2007

AbstractProstaglandin E1 (PGE1) suppressed acute carrageenan‐induced inflammation and chronic joint inflammation characteristic of adjuvant disease in the rat. Placement of PGE1 into subcutaneous air blebs at the time of carrageenan injection retarded movement of polymorphonuclear leukocytes into the focus of inflammation and produced a concentration‐dependent reduction in exudate β‐glucuronidase and lactate dehydrogenase activities, an effect also observed in adrenalectomized rats. PGE2 also significantly reduced enzyme activities released into inflammatory exudates. Ultrastructural studies indicated that carrageenan was ingested by invading polymorphs and enclosed within phagocytic vacuoles, the membranes of which subsequently ruptured. More lysosomes remained intact after carrageenan uptake in bleb leukocytes from PGE1‐treated than from control rats and there was no loss of phagosomal membrane integrity in cells from treated rats. Treatment of adrenalectomized rats with PGE1 (300 μg twice daily) prevented adjuvant‐induced systemic arthritis, reduced the acute inflammatory reaction at the site of adjuvant injection, and reduced the number of circulating small lymphocytes. Together, these two sets of experiments suggest that pharmacologic doses of prostaglandins are anti‐inflammatory in acute and chronic models, and that the effect is not mediated entirely by stimulation of the pituitary and/or adrenal glands.
Renal histology and clinical course of systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Cheatum Don E. , Hurd Eric R. , Strunk Stanley W. , Ziff Morris 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThirty women with systemic lupus erythematosus were categorized into groups with and without significant renal involvement on the basis of renal biopsy and subsequently followed for an average of 9.4 years. At this time 53% of the patients with renal disease and 70% of the “nonrenal” patients had died. While 80% of the deaths in the “renal” group were due to renal disease, none of the nonrenal patients died of this complication. Major central nervous system involvement was eventually noted in 100% of the nonrenal group. After 8.3 years, mortality in the nonrenal patients exceeded that in the renal group, mainly because of the emergence of central nervous system disease.