bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variability in pain intensity, physical and psychological function in non‐acute, non‐traumatic neck pain
Authors: Clair Dean , Edmondston Stephen , Allison Garry 
Published: March 2006

AbstractBackground and PurposeVariability in clinical presentation among patients with neck pain disorders, in relation to symptom severity and the effect of the disorder on their physical and psychological function, has not been well documented. The present study examined the variability in pain intensity, physical and emotional or cognitive function in patients with non‐acute, non‐traumatic neck pain, and the extent to which these factors are associated at the time of referral for physiotherapy treatment.MethodThe study utilized a survey of patients referred for physiotherapy treatment for non‐acute, non‐traumatic neck pain. Seventy‐two patients (mean age 58 years; SD 15.5 years) with a symptom duration ranging from four weeks to 30 years were recruited. Each completed measures of pain intensity using a visual analogue scale, and neck‐pain related disability by use of the ‘Neck Pain and Disability’ scale (NPAD). Frequency distributions were calculated to examine variability in pain intensity, the total NPAD score and the effect of the disorder on different aspects of physical and emotional or cognitive function. Relationships between pain intensity, and physical and psychological function, were also examined.ResultsPain intensity was normally distributed with a mean score of 6.3 cm (SD 2.5 cm). NPAD scores were normally distributed (mean 54.8%; SD 18%). Similar variability was noted in each of the NPAD factor scores for neck function, pain intensity, emotional or cognitive function and activities of daily living. Pain intensity was significantly (p<0.01) correlated with the total NPAD score (r = 0.55) and with each of the four effects of neck pain represented in the NPAD sub‐domains (r = 0.42–0.63). Symptom duration was not significantly correlated with pain intensity, or with the severity of disability, as reflected in the total NPAD score.ConclusionsThe results highlight the variability between patients with neck pain, in relation to pain intensity and the effect of the disorder on physical and psychological function. Identifying the specific effects of the neck pain disorder in individual cases is important when defining the treatment objectives and selecting measures of treatment response. Copyright © 2004 Whurr Publishers Ltd.
Cardiorespiratory responses to aquatic treadmill walking in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Hall Jane , Grant Jim , Blake David , Taylor Gordon , Garbutt Gerard 
Published: March 2006

AbstractBackground and PurposeHydrotherapy is popular with patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Its efficacy as an aerobic conditioning aid is equivocal. Patients with RA have reduced muscle strength and may be unable to achieve a walking speed commensurate with an aerobic training effect because the resistance to movement increases with speed in water. The physiological effects of immersion may alter the heart rate–oxygen consumption relationship (HR–V̇O2) with the effect of rendering land‐based exercise prescriptions inaccurate. The primary purpose of the present study was to compare the relationships between heart rate (HR), and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), with speed during land and water treadmill walking in patients with RA.MethodThe study design used a two‐factor within‐subjects model. Fifteen females with RA (47 ±8 SD years) completed three consecutive bouts of walking for five minutes at 2.5, 3.5 and 4.5 km/h−1 on land and water treadmills. Expired gas, collected via open‐circuit spirometry, HR and RPE were measured.ResultsHR and RPE increased on land and in water as speed increased. Below 3.5 km/h−1V̇O2 was significantly lower in water than on land (p<0.01 ). HR was lower (p<0.001 ), unchanged and higher (p<0.001 ) at 2.5, 3.5 and 4.5 km/h−1 in water than on land. RPE was significantly higher in water than on land (p<0.05 ). V̇O2 was approximately 60% of the predicted VO2 max during the fast walking speed in water. For a given V̇O2, HR was approximately nine beats/min−1 and RPE 1–2 points on the 6–20 Borg scale, higher in water than on land.ConclusionsThe study showed that the metabolic demand of walking at 4.5 km/h−1 was sufficient to stimulate an increase in aerobic capacity. The use of land‐based prescriptive norms would underestimate the metabolic cost in water. Therefore, in water HR should be increased by approximately 9 beats/min−1 to achieve similar energy demands to land treadmill walking. Copyright © 2004 Whurr Publishers Ltd.
Differences between left and right suboccipital and intracranial vertebral artery dimensions: an influence on blood flow to the hindbrain?
Authors: Mitchell Jeanette 
Published: March 2006

AbstractBackground and PurposeAlthough vertebral artery (VA) blood flow is adequate in normal circumstances, reduction in the dimensions of the vessel because of atherosclerosis, or compression or stretching, may lead to hindbrain hypoxia with serious clinical manifestations. Such effects may be more pronounced in VAs that are naturally smaller than the norm. Because normative data for the suboccipital (VA3) and intracranial (VA4) vertebral artery are not readily available, it was the aim of the present study to measure the dimensions of these distal parts of the VA, to inform professional practice of the possible influence of different vessel dimensions on blood flow to the hindbrain.MethodThe study was a laboratory‐based observational or descriptive study. A total of 40 and 54 left and right, suboccipital and intracranial parts of the VA (n = 188 vessels), obtained from cadavers of females and males aged 20–80 years, was processed for light microscopic study and measurement of the dimensions of the vessels. The left and right inner and outer diameters, cross‐sectional areas and the tunica media thicknesses were calculated in each part of the vessel and compared by use of t‐tests.ResultsThe histological structure of the VA was typical of a muscular or distributing artery. Although, in the total number of specimens, no statistically significant differences were found between left and right sides in either part of the vessel, a larger left than right VA4 was demonstrated in the females. The VA3 was significantly larger than VA4 in males and females, and all dimensions in both parts of the vessel were greatest in the older age group.ConclusionsReduced VA blood flow, whether because of atherosclerosis or compression or stretching of the vessel, is more likely to occur in arteries that are smaller than normal. This information is of value to clinicians in avoiding further compromising the VA and its blood flow during professional practice. Copyright © 2004 Whurr Publishers Ltd.
Pulmonary rehabilitation: analysis of a clinical service
Authors: Garrod Rachel , Ford Katie , Daly Cecilia , Hoareau Clare , Howard Michael , Simmonds Claire 
Published: March 2006

AbstractBackground and PurposeThere is significant research supporting the role of pulmonary rehabilitation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, less is known about real‐life clinical rehabilitation services. Data were analysed from a clinical pulmonary rehabilitation service provided in the UK, consisting of seven weeks' twice‐weekly training and education.MethodA retrospective study. Baseline measures consisted of activity of daily living, mood state, spirometry, exercise tolerance using theIncremental Shuttle Walk Test(ISWT) and health status using theSt George's Hospital Respiratory Questionnaire(SGRQ). Responders to pulmonary rehabilitation were defined as those with a mean reduction of four points on the SGRQ and a mean increase of 48 metres on the ISWT.ResultsOne hundred and eight patients entered the programme and 91 completed it. All outcomes showed statistically and clinically significant change after the rehabilitation programme. Responder analysis showed that 37% of patients achieved benefits for both the SGRQ and the ISWT. Twenty‐eight per cent of patients were non‐responders for both; 17% benefited for the SGRO only and 14% improved their exercise tolerance. Patients with restrictive disease (n= 11) showed large mean ISWT score of 98.2 m (Standard deviation (SD) 69.4 m) (p<0.01), as did patients with moderate COPD (n= 30), who scored a mean ISWT change of 77.3 m (SD 92.0 m) (p< 0.01) and a SGRQ score of −7.6 (SD 13.7) (p< 0.01), and those with mild COPD (n= 12), who scored a mean ISWT change of 62.5 m (SD 87.4 m) (p<0.01) and a mean SGRQ change of −3.7 (SD 8.1) (p<0.01). Patients with severe COPD (n= 23) showed a smaller mean change in ISWT of 32.6 m (SD 79.4 m) and in SGRQ of −2.8 (SD 7.1). However, analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed no statistical differences between the groups (p= 0.13).ConclusionsClinical pulmonary rehabilitation programmes are effective for most patients. However, for patients with more severe impairment, maximal gains may be harder, or take longer, to achieve. Patients with restrictive disease appear to do well, although future trials will be needed to test this supposition. Copyright © 2004 Whurr Publishers Ltd.
Obstetric brachial plexus palsy: increasing disability and exacerbation of symptoms with age
Authors: Partridge Cecily , Edwards Susan 
Published: March 2006

AbstractBackgroundPeople with congenital conditions such as obstetric brachial plexus palsy (OBPP), sometimes known as Erb's palsy, may experience adverse effects as a result of compensatory strategies adopted to achieve improved function. Anecdotal evidence suggests that problems do occur in adult life but little is known about the type and extent of problems experienced, nor whether they are similar to those with other conditions involving movement dysfunction.MethodA survey of adults with OBPP to determine problems currently experienced. Subjects were members of the Erb's Palsy Group UK.ResultsForms were sent to all adult members of the group (n = 61), and replies were received from 36 (59%). The majority of the sample reported many problems, including pain, impaired sensation, arthritis and limitation of function, which interfered with activities of daily living.ConclusionIn the present small sample, most adults with OBPP reported experiencing many difficulties, some similar to those experienced by others with movement dysfunction. The topic warrants further investigation, both in terms of avoiding these problems where possible and, when complications occur, considering how they can best be managed. Copyright © 2004 Whurr Publishers Ltd.
Physiotherapy and spinal nerve root adhesion: a caution
Authors: Lewis Cynthia 
Published: March 2006

AbstractBackground and PurposeThe term ‘spinal neuropathic pain’ has been coined to describe the chronic neuropathic pain that results when spinal nerve roots are aggravated by scar tissue. (It is different from the pain of spinal cord injury.) Such patients have longstanding back and radicular pain (nerve root pain, predominantly in the limbs) caused by scar or inflammatory tissue around the nerve roots. The pathology of such patients' pain means that special consideration needs to be given to the fact that such adhesions compromise nerve biomechanics and that movement generates additional pain. Patients with such spinal neuropathic pain often do not do well from conventional physiotherapy. Exacerbation (flare‐up) frequently follows the exercise routines in common practice.MethodIndividual patient experience was collected from an internet support group, and the results were tabulated.ResultsAll patients considered stretching, flexing and strenuous exercise to be harmful. A few reported that gentle exercise with instruction not to cause pain was beneficial. Some patients received advice not to do physiotherapy once they had been diagnosed with arachnoiditis.ConclusionsThe treatment of patients with spinal neuropathic pain warrants special consideration as far as physiotherapy is concerned: patients should only be prescribed gentle, individually tailored exercise. It is hoped the present small study will promote understanding and the development of better therapy. Copyright © 2004 Whurr Publishers Ltd.
Selective detection and identification of phosphopeptides by dansyl MS/MS/MS fragmentation
Authors: Amoresano Angela , Monti Gianluca , Cirulli Claudia , Marino Gennaro 
Published: March 2006

AbstractProtein phosphorylation regulates many cellular processes and pathways, such as cell cycle progression, signal transduction cascades and gene expression. Selective detection of phosphopeptides from proteolytic digests is a challenging and highly relevant task in many proteomics applications. Often phosphopeptides are present in small amounts and need selective isolation or enrichment before identification. Here we report a novel approach to label selectively phospho‐Ser/‐Thr residues by exploiting the features of a novel linear ion trap mass spectrometer. Using dansyl labelling and MS3 fragmentation, we developed a method useful for the large‐scale proteomic profiling of phosphorylation sites. The new residues in the sequence were stable and easily identifiable under general conditions for tandem mass spectrometric sequencing. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Taijiquan as a spiritual practice
Authors: Lewis David 
Published: March 2006

AbstractThis article is based on the presentation entitled ‘Taijiquan as a Spiritual Practice’ given at the Spirituality and Health Conference at Wells, England in March 2001. The origin, purposes and lessons of Taijiquan (Tai Chi Ch'uan) are described and the relationship between Taiji and the Tao is explored with reference to the Tao Te Ching.During the presentation part of the ‘Yang Cheng Fu’, Taiji Form was demonstrated and participants took part in Taiji walking. Both of these were used to illustrate, in a practical way, elements of the Tao Te Ching.Physical, cognitive, emotional and spiritual lessons of the Form and Taiji are discussed, highlighting the aim of achieving oneness (integrality) with one's whole being (including the spirit and living in harmony with nature). Copyright © 2002 Whurr Publishers Ltd.
The need for a new language of health and healing
Authors: Peters David 
Published: March 2006

AbstractDespite Science's triumphs, Vitalism ‐ a philosophy rejected by Science ‐ remains alive and well, and this paper explores three reasons why this might be. The first is that the old certainties of Modern times are losing their hold on our imagination; the second that Biomedicine has not met important expectations; the third that Science may have reached a point where it can bridge the traditional chasm between vitalism and mechanism. I would even argue that Science is preparing the basis for a new Vitalism. Copyright © 2002 Whurr Publishers Ltd.
Spiritual care for chiildbirth ‐ is this the weakest link?
Authors: Hall Jennifer 
Published: March 2006

AbstractSpiritual care in childbirth needs to be much more widely explored than it is at present. As a midwife and mother my aim is to encourage appropriate discussion and improve links between all professions involved in the care of women and their babies ultimately to improve this care, and better meet their needs. Copyright © 2002 Whurr Publishers Ltd.
Varieties of religious dance
Authors: Hawkins John 
Published: March 2006

AbstractWith its popularity rising, confusion often arises when the term ‘sacred dance’ is used without qualification. Here, the author describes a number of distinct strands which have contributed to the current sacred and liturgical dance movements which have become so popular in and beyond the Christian church. The historical origins of such forms of dance and their relevance to health and well‐being are also briefly discussed. Copyright © 2002 Whurrr Publishers Ltd.
Reflections on the cosmic serpent
Authors: Wishart Paul M. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractThe author takes Jeremy Narby's1 recent publication as a source of reflection on the nature of healing, consciousness and awareness and how knowledge of these can be acquired. As a molecular biologist, the author was confronted with many challenges to his conventional world view when exploring (initially with some scepticism) Narby's research and experiences of working with the Ashaninca people of the Peruvian Amazon. What follows is a personal reflection on how knowledge and awareness can change when we have to face up to new possibilities which shatter our established way of looking at things. Copyright © 2002 Whurr Publishers Ltd.
The spirit of the age and the spirit of ageing
Authors: Hudson Rosalie 
Published: March 2006

Abstract(Adapted from paper presented at 5th International Conference on Faith in Healing & Health Care Provision, St Martin's College, Lancaster, July 2002)In a cultural milieu that prizes perfection over defects, fitness over frailty, youth over old age, what is the essence or the spirit of ageing? This paper draws a distinction between the ‘spirit of the age’ and the ‘spirit of ageing’ to concentrate on the transforming power of relationships and interdependence. The ‘false spirit of the age’ suggests that to age well is to be freed from deficits, dependency and imperfection, while the ‘true spirit of ageing’ suggests a more dialectical understanding. To flesh out this ‘spirit’, two examples from residential aged care are offered and the notion of narrative is highlighted, indicating that our life is formed in community, not in isolation. Christian Trinitarian theology reminds us we are called into relationship, we are blessed by the spirit and grace of God who calls us to enjoy our full humanity at every stage of our created existence. Copyright © 2003 Whurr Publishers Ltd.
“…Even if we do not yet know how to measure it…”
Authors: Gerrard Stan 
Published: March 2006

Abstract“It is probably inadvisable to mention love, God or compassion in caring work — you may find yourself ignored, mocked or referred for a psychiatric opinion”1 is probably very good advice in a culture of political correctness. However, disposing of the mind— body “problem” by ignoring it is not going to make it go away. Hence there is need to, at the very least, address the issue — if it is an issue — or even allow for recognition of what has stood the test of time. The author, who works as a healer, has dealt with many patients and conditions over the years and believes we should not ignore what cannot easlily be measured. Even if we do not understand how it works — even if we do not yet know how to measure it — where the effects and benefits are measurable — let's measure them — for our own good — and those whom we serve! Copyright © 2003 Whurr Publishers Ltd.
The therapeutic use of labyrinths
Authors: Fisher Maggie 
Published: March 2006

AbstractLabyrinths are ancient sacred spaces. A labyrinth is a single winding path which has been used by many cultures and religions throughout history as a decorative symbol on coins pottery and floors, as roads along which the dead were taken to burial sites, as a path walked to ensure good fishing catches, to protect from evil forces envisaged as wolves and trolls, in courtship rituals, to enable focusing and meditation and prayer.This paper reflects upon their history. It considers the use of finger labyrinths as a tool in psychotherapy and offers some brief case illustrations. Finger labyrinths are small hand held designs, using the pattern identical to the full scale models. They are usually carved in wood, with a groove to mark out the path so that it can be followed with the eyes closed and using a finger to trace it. Grooved labyrinths dating back to Neolithic times, have been found carved on rocks. Labyrinths marked out on the land or in buildings such as cathedrals, are large enough to be walked. Some are a few metres across, others may be very large, covering several acres. Copyright © 2003 Whurr Publishers Ltd.
Healing and meditation
Authors: Stevens Gretchen 
Published: March 2006

AbstractThis paper is a continuation of an earlier discussion on the theme of healing published in the last issue of Sacred Space1. It is based on lectures given at the Healing and Meditation conference, organised by the World Community for Christian Meditation held at Worth Abbey in the UK in 2002. This is very much a personal account of involvement in healing work, and reinforces the need for humility and mystery in healing. Copyright © 2003 Whurr Publishers Ltd.
Civil war and the world trade center: violence, sacrifice and sacred remembrance
Authors: Stigliano Tony 
Published: March 2006

AbstractThe tenuous and difficult relationship between modernity and the sacred is examined in this paper through the use of two historical examples. One, the battle of Gettysburg, hallowed and assimilated into the American tradition, took place before the forces of capitalism and technology had transformed American Christianity and civic republicanism into psychotherapy and bureaucratic rationality. Lincoln's recasting the battle as a consecration crystallised a moral responsibility that permanently bound his nation over to the task of equality. The second example, the World Trade Center attack, is still raw in our memory. The violence and horror of that day returns us again to sacrifice as the path to the sacred. We are no longer merely “inward” focussed individuals working within rational rules or the marketplace because of that sacrifice. We experience ourselves as an identity, a destiny and a shared meaning. This comparison uncovers the disturbing presence of violence in the sacred. We use Georges Bataille's definition of sacred as sacrifice that ruptures an oppressive continuity establishing clarity and intimacy with the divine; the sacred is the unhealed wound that calls, perhaps unheeded, for redemption. Copyright © 2003 Whurr Publishers Ltd.
Sacred space: self healing in the sandtray
Authors: Frame Phyllis 
Published: March 2006

AbstractMany therapists today are using the sand tray as a dynamic tool in psychological understanding and healing with their clients. It is a powerful catalyst for inner change. This paper describes the origins of the sand tray and its uses and special benefits. The process of building a world in a sand tray offers the individual a safe space in which inner psychological states can be experienced, and the miniatures, animals and other objects become a living expression of self. Inner conflicts, trauma, current and core issues can be addressed, and often a connection to spirit or higher self can be made. Four case studies are presented to illustrate the power and healing that can be experienced over time when the sacred space of the sand tray is entered. Copyright © 2003 Whurr Publishers Ltd.
A conversation with Dina Glouberman
Authors: Glouberman Dina 
Published: March 2006

AbstractDina Glouberman, Ph.D. is the co‐founder/director since 1979 of Skyros holistic holidays in Greece and in Thailand, and an international lecturer and trainer. She is also the bestselling author of The Joy of Burnout : How the end of the world can be a new beginning (Hodder Mobius) (reviewed in the last issue of Sacred Space), and of Life Choices, Life Changes: Develop your personal vision with Imagework (Hodder Mobius). Skyros was reviewed by Jane Salvage in issue 2 of volume 3 of Sacred Space. Copyright © 2003 Whurr Publishers Ltd.