bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations Between Lifestyle and Depressed Mood: Longitudinal Results From the Maastricht Aging Study
Authors: van Gool Coen H. , Kempen Gertrudis I.J.M. , Bosma Hans , van Boxtel Martin P.J. , Jolles Jelle , van Eijk Jacques T.M. 
Published: May 2006

Objectives. We examined whether healthy lifestyles are associated with absence of depressed mood. Methods. A sample of 1169 adult participants in the Maastricht Aging Study provided baseline and 6-year follow-up data on smoking, alcohol use, physical exercise, body mass index, and mood. We examined associations between lifestyles and depressed mood using longitudinal analyses controlling for baseline depressive symptoms and covariates. Results. Reports of excessive alcohol use at baseline predicted depressed mood at follow-up (relative risk [RR] = 2.48; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.08, 5.69), and reports of more than 30 minutes of physical exercise per day at baseline were associated with an absence of depressed mood at follow-up (RR=0.52; 95% CI=0.29, 0.92). Reports of being engaged in physical exercise throughout the 6-year follow-up period were also associated with absence of depressed mood (RR=0.56; 95% CI=0.34, 0.93). Conclusions. In this relatively healthy population sample, certain lifestyles either predicted or protected against depressed mood. Adopting or maintaining healthy lifestyles might be a starting point in preventing or treating depressed mood over time.
Effect of Educational Level and Minority Status on Nursing Home Choice After Hospital Discharge
Authors: Angelelli Joseph , Grabowski David C. , Mor Vincent 
Published: May 2006

Objectives. The movement to publicly report data on provider quality to inform consumer choices is predicated on assumptions of equal access and knowledge. We examine the validity of this assumption by testing whether minority/less educated Medicare patients are at greater risk of being discharged from a hospital to the lowest-quality nursing homes in a geographic area. Methods. We used the 2002 national Minimum Data Set to identify 62601 new Medicare admissions to nursing homes in 95 hospital service areas with at least 4 freestanding nursing homes and at least 50 African Americans aged 65 years or older with Medicare admissions to nursing homes. Results. The probability of African Americans’ being admitted to nursing homes in the lowest-quality quartile in the area was greater (relative risk [RR]=1.26; 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.0, 8.45) in comparison with Whites. Individuals without a high-school degree were also more likely to be admitted to a low-quality nursing home (RR=1.22; 95% CI=1.0, 1.46). Conclusions. African American and poorly educated patients enter the worst-quality nursing facilities. This finding raises concerns about the usefulness of the current public reporting model for certain consumers.
Longitudinal Analysis of the Association Between Vasomotor Symptoms and Race/Ethnicity Across the Menopausal Transition: Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation
Authors: Gold Ellen B. , Colvin Alicia , Avis Nancy , Bromberger Joyce , Greendale Gail A. , Powell Lynda , Sternfeld Barbara , Matthews Karen 
Published: May 2006

Objectives. We investigated whether vasomotor symptom reporting or patterns of change in symptom reporting over the perimenopausal transition among women enrolled in a national study differed according to race/ethnicity. We also sought to determine whether racial/ethnic differences were explained by sociodemographic, health, or lifestyle factors. Methods. We followed 3198 women enrolled in the Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation during 1996 through 2002. We analyzed frequency of vasomotor symptom reporting using longitudinal multiple logistic regressions. Results. Rates of vasomotor symptom reporting were highest among African Americans (adjusted odds ratio [OR]=1.63; 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.21, 2.20). The transition to late perimenopause exhibited the strongest association with vasomotor symptoms (adjusted OR = 6.64; 95% CI = 4.80, 9.20). Other risk factors were age (adjusted OR=1.17; 95% CI=1.13, 1.21), having less than a college education (adjusted OR = 1.91; 95% CI = 1.40, 2.61), increasing body mass index (adjusted OR=1.03 per unit of increase; 95% CI=1.01, 1.04), smoking (adjusted OR=1.63; 95% CI=1.25, 2.12), and anxiety symptoms at baseline (adjusted OR=3.10; 95% CI=2.33, 4.12). Conclusions. Among the risk factors assessed, vasomotor symptoms were most strongly associated with menopausal status. After adjustment for covariates, symptoms were reported most often in all racial/ethnic groups in late perimenopause and nearly as often in postmenopause.
Sediment contamination in floodplains and alluvial terraces as an historical record of gold exploitation in the Carmo River basin, Southeast Quadrilátero Ferrífero, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Authors: Terezinha Costa Adivane , Arias Nalini Hermínio , de Tarso Amorim Castro Paulo , Carvalho de Lena Jorge , Morgenstern Peter , Friese Kurt 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThis paper describes the geochemistry of sediment samples placed in floodplains and alluvial terraces downstream from gold mines in the Carmo River basin, Quadrilátero Ferrífero, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The geochemistry signature Na2O, K2O, SiO2, CaO, MgO, Al2O3, Fe2O3, TiO2, P2O5, Mn, As, Cu, Zn, Ba, Ni, Cr, S, Co were analyzed in different facies from stratigraphic profiles. As, Cu, Zn, and Mn anomalies are mainly associated with the clayed facies deposited in floodplains and oxbow lakes, and with coarse‐sediment facies deposited in the channel. The facies were accumulated by the gold exploitation activity in the region. The contamination of As, Cu, and Zn was controlled by minerals such as iron oxides and hydroxides (hematite, magnetite, and mainly goethite), manganese oxides, and sulfide‐rich minerals. The As‐bearing sediments of the region characterize one of the most As contaminated area of Brazil. Their main source is associated with gold exploration in the last three centuries.
A Crossed Molecular Beam Imaging Study of the O(1D2)+HCl→OH+Cl(2PJ=3/2, 1/2) Reaction
Authors: Kohguchi Hiroshi , Suzuki Toshinori 
Published: May 2006

AbstractA crossed molecular beam study is presented for the O(1D2)+HCl→OH+Cl(2PJ) reaction at the collision energy of 6 kcal mol−1. State‐resolved doubly differential cross sections are obtained for the Cl(2PJ=3/2 ) and Cl*(2PJ=1/2 ) products by velocity‐map ion imaging. Both products are slightly more forward scattered, which suggests a reaction mechanism without a long‐lived intermediate in the ground electronic state. A small fraction (23 %) of the energy release into the translational degree of freedom indicates strong internal excitation of the counterpart OH radical. The contribution of the electronic excited states of OHCl to the overall reaction is also examined from the doubly differential cross sections.
Monitoring Protein Interactions in the Living Cell Through the Fluorescence Decays of the Cyan Fluorescent Protein
Authors: Grailhe Regis , Merola Fabienne , Ridard Jacqueline , Couvignou Stephen , Le Poupon Chantal , Changeux Jean‐Pierre , Laguitton‐Pasquier Helene 
Published: May 2006

AbstractUsing fluorescence lifetime microspectroscopy and imaging techniques, we have studied the fluorescence of cyan fluorescent protein (CFP) transiently expressed in HEK‐293 cells, in the presence or absence of its fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) partner, yellow fluorescent protein (YFP). When the two proteins are attached through a 27‐amino‐acid linker, a 33 % average efficiency of intramolecular energy transfer is accurately determined inside the cell. Additionally, we observe a systematic quenching of the CFP fluorescence with increasing levels of protein expression. This quenching cannot be accounted for by formation of the previously described dimer of GFP‐related proteins, since its magnitude is unchanged when the fluorescent proteins carry the mutation A206K shown to dissociate this dimer in vitro. Even when the intracellular protein concentration largely exceeds the in vitro dissociation constant of the dimer, self‐association remains undetectable, either between free proteins or intramolecularly within the CFP–YFP construct. Instead, the detailed concentration effects are satisfactorily accounted for by a model of intermolecular, concentration‐dependent energy transfer, arising from molecular proximity and crowding. In the case of CFP alone, we suggest that self‐quenching could result from a pseudo‐homo FRET mechanism between different, spectrally shifted emissive forms of the protein. These phenomena require careful consideration in intracellular FRET studies.
ETA‐Leitlinie für Kunststoffdübel
Authors: Laternser Klaus 
Published: May 2006

AbstractETAG 020 – “Leitlinie für die europäische technische Zulassung für Kunststoffdübel als Mehrfachbefestigung von nichttragenden Systemen zur Verankerung im Beton und Mauerwerk” soll durch das Exekutiv‐Komitee der EOTA und nach positiver Stellungnahme des Ständigen Ausschusses für das Bauwesen von der Europäischen Kommission den Mitgliedstaaten zur Veröffentlichung empfohlen werden.
Evaluation of an injectable bone substitute (βTCP/hydroxyapatite/hydroxy‐propyl‐methyl‐cellulose) in severely osteopenic and aged rats
Authors: Blouin S. , Moreau M.F. , Weiss P. , Daculsi G. , Baslé M.F. , Chappard D. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThe use of injectable biomaterials is of interest in osteoporotic patients to locally restore bone mass in sites at risk of fracture. An injectable bone substitute (IBS1 made of βTCP/hydroxyapatite as a calcium phosphate substitute and hydroxy‐propyl‐methyl‐cellulose as a polymer carrier) was used in a severely osteopenic rat model obtained by combining orchidectomy (ORX) and disuse (paralysis induced by botulinum toxin ‐ BTX). Fifty‐six aged male rats were randomized into three groups: 18 were SHAM operated; 38 were ORX and BTX injected in the right hindlimb; they constituted the OP (osteoporotic) group. One month after ORX–BTX surgery, 20 of these OP rats received a IBS1 injection in the right femur (OP‐IBS1 rats). Animals were studied at the time of IBS1 injection 1 month post ORX–BTX (M1), 1 month (M2) and 2 months (M3) after IBS1 injection. Bone mass (BV/TV) and microarchitectural parameters were measured by microCT. BV/TV was decreased after ORX–BTX; ORX and BTX had cumulative effects on bone loss (differences maximized on the right femur). BV/TV (combining the volume of both bone and material in OP‐IBS1 rats) was elevated at M1 but decreased at M2. Marked bone formation was found onto the biomaterial granules but bone had a woven texture. A marked increase in the number of nonosteoclastic TRAcP+ cells was found in the implanted area. IBS1 induced new bone formation shortly after implantation but both IBS1 and woven bone were resorbed without inducing lamellar bone. Biomaterial trials must be conducted with long‐term implantation periods, in aged osteoporotic animals. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2006
Improvement of the surface biocompatibility of silicone intraocular lens by the plasma‐induced tethering of phospholipid moieties
Authors: Yao Ke , Huang Xiao‐Dan , Huang Xiao‐Jun , Xu Zhi‐Kang 
Published: May 2006

AbstractTo improve the surface biocompatibility of the silicone intraocular lens (IOL), 2‐methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) was tethered onto the IOL through air plasma treatment. Chemical changes on the IOL surface were characterized by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to confirm the covalent binding of MPC. Morphologies of the IOL surfaces were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to optimize the plasma treatment process. The hydrophilicity and biocompatibility of the control and modified IOLs were compared by the measurements of water contact angle, platelet adhesion, macrophage cell culture, and lens epithelial cell (LEC) attachment. It was found that, after the tethering of MPC, the hydrophilicity of the IOL can be improved significantly and permanently, and the platelet, macrophage, and LEC adhesion on the IOL surface are obviously suppressed, which indicated the enhancement of surface biocompatibility. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2006
Expansion of engrafting human hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells in three‐dimensional scaffolds with surface‐immobilized fibronectin
Authors: Feng Qi , Chai Chou , Jiang Xue‐Song , Leong Kam W. , Mao Hai‐Quan 
Published: May 2006

AbstractAn efficient and practical ex vivo expansion methodology for human hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) is critical in realizing the potential of HSPC transplantation in treating a variety of hematologic disorders and as a supportive therapy for malignant diseases. We report here an expansion strategy using a three‐dimensional (3D) scaffold conjugated with an extracellular matrix molecule, fibronectin (FN), to partially mimic the hematopoietic stem cell niche. FN‐immobilized 3D polyethylene terephthalate (PET) scaffold was synthesized and evaluated for HSPC expansion efficiency, in comparison with a FN‐immobilized 2D PET substrate and a 3D scaffold with FN supplemented in the medium. Covalent conjugation of FN produced substrate and scaffold with higher cell expansion efficiency than that on their unmodified counterparts. After 10 days of culture in serum‐free medium, human umbilical cord blood CD34+ cells cultured in FN‐conjugated scaffold yielded the highest expansion of CD34+ cells (∼100 fold) and long‐term culture initiating cells (∼47‐fold). The expanded human CD34+ cells successfully reconstituted hematopoiesis in NOD/SCID mice. This study demonstrated the synergistic effect between the three‐dimensionality of the scaffold and surface‐conjugated FN, and the potential of this FN‐conjugated 3D scaffold for ex vivo expansion of HSPCs. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2006
Measuring social capital: An exploration in community–research partnership
Authors: Chaskin Robert J. , Goerge Robert M. , Skyles Ada , Guiltinan Shannon 
Published: May 2006

AbstractLarge numbers of social policy initiatives and community organizations are currently engaged in “community building” efforts that seek, in part, to strengthen informal relationships and the organizational infrastructure of communities and to build the capacity of communities to manage and foster community change. One critical requirement for improving such practice is for communities to have greater access and capacity to use information for planning, advocacy, and assessment. There are, however, a number of challenges to this, especially as it concerns understanding complex, sometimes elusive, dimensions of community circumstances and dynamics—the level of community “social capital,” for example—that are of central interest to those involved in community‐building efforts. The authors describe what was learned through a community–research partnership that attempted to test practical options for community‐based organizations (CBOs) to measure aspects of community social capital for their own purposes and within the constraints of budget, time, and skills under which they work. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
“Evolutionist and Missionary,” the Reverend John Thomas Gulick (1832–1923). Part II: coincident or ontogenetic selection—the Baldwin effect
Authors: Hall Brian K. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractDuring the last third of the 19th and first third of the 20th centuries, John Thomas Gulick (1832–1923) was one of the most well‐known and influential evolutionists. His research on the nonadaptive geographical variation in snails of the genus Achatinella in the valleys of Oahu in the Sandwich Islands (Hawaii) demonstrated the importance of geographical isolation in speciation, anticipating Ernst Mayr's proposal of the founder principle and Sewell Wright's mechanisms of genetic drift and genetic isolation. Gulick mechanisms for species transformation were twofold. Both are known today under different names: geographical isolation—which Gulick called cumulative segregation—and organic selection (the Baldwin effect), which Gulick called coincident or ontogenetic selection, the topic of this paper to accompany a paper on Gulick's concept of cumulative segregation. With coincident selection, Gulick saw organisms as active participants in, and in interaction with, their environment, able to respond to environmental change without the action of, or with minimal and secondary input from, natural selection. Gulick stands in the same relationship to the Baldwin effect (coincident selection) as he does to the geographical isolation (cumulative segregation) and the founder principle (indiscriminate isolation): elucidator, original thinker, anticipator and founding father—truly an evolutionist extraordinaire, whom we should recognize as one of the earliest, most original and most innovative of evolutionary biologists. J. Exp. Zool. (Mol. Dev. Eiol.) 306B, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A frequency dependent transmission line model for a counterpoise
Authors: Mishra Arbind Kumar , Nagaoka Naoto , Ametani Akhihiro 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThis paper has proposed a methodology to obtain a frequency dependent distributed‐parameter model for a buried bare conductor employing a time‐domain fitting from measured transient voltages and injected currents. The transient characteristic impedance and propagation function are expressed by a rational function in a z‐plane and a genetic algorithm (GA) has been used as an optimization tool. Frequency dependence of the per unit line parameters (RLGC) is derived from the obtained propagation parameters. Simulation results by the proposed model agree well with that from the measured results. © 2006 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
A novel induction generator system using bi‐directional PWM converter for small‐scale power applications
Authors: Nishida Katsumi , Ahmed Tarek , Nakaoka Mutsuo 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThis paper presents a deadbeat current control structure for a bidirectional power flow pulse‐width modulation (PWM) converter connected to a stand‐alone induction generator (IG), which works with variable speed and different types of loads. Sensorless control of the IG, meaning stator voltage vector control without a mechanical shaft sensor, is considered to regulate both the IG line‐to‐line voltage and the DC‐bus voltage of the PWM converter. In the proposed system, a newly designed phase locked loop (PLL) circuit is used to determine the stator voltage vector position of the IG. A 2.2 kW laboratory prototype has been built to confirm the feasibility of the proposed method. The proposed cost‐effective IG system with a deadbeat current‐controlled PWM converter and capacitor bank requires only three sensors. Moreover, the required rating of the PWM converter becomes smaller due to the existence of the capacitor bank. © 2006 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Advanced motion control by multi‐sensor‐based disturbance observer
Authors: Irie Kouhei , Katsura Seiichiro , Ohishi Kiyoshi 
Published: May 2006

AbstractMotion control has been widely used in industry applications. One of the key technologies of motion control is a disturbance observer, which quarries a disturbance torque of a motion system and realizes a robust acceleration control. The disturbance observer can observe and suppress the disturbance torque within its bandwidth. Recent motion systems have begun to spread in society and are required to have the ability to make contact with the unknown environment. Such a haptic motion requires a much wider bandwidth. However, since the conventional disturbance observer attains the acceleration response by the second‐order derivative of position response, the bandwidth is limited because of the derivative noise.This paper proposes a novel structure of a disturbance observer. The proposed disturbance observer uses an acceleration sensor for enlargement of bandwidth. Generally, the bandwidth of an acceleration sensor is from 1 Hz to more than 1 kHz. To cover the DC range, the conventional position sensor‐based disturbance observer is integrated. Thus, the performance of the proposed multisensor based disturbance observer (MSDO) is superior to the conventional one. The MSDO is applied to position control (infinity stiffness) and force control (zero stiffness). The experimental results show the viability of the method proposed. © 2006 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
A fuzzy logic‐controlled SMES for damping shaft torsional oscillations of synchronous generator
Authors: Ali Mohd. Hasan , Murata Toshiaki , Tamura Junji 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThis paper presents a fuzzy logic control scheme for the superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) based on a PWM voltage source converter and a two‐quadrant chopper using an insulated‐gate‐bipolar‐transistor (IGBT) to dampen turbine‐generator shaft torsional oscillations. Simulation results of balanced faults in a single machine connected to an infinite bus system show that the proposed fuzzy logic‐controlled SMES is effective in damping shaft torsional oscillations of synchronous generators (GENs). © 2006 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Cognitive function in unaffected twins discordant for affective disorder
Authors: CHRISTENSEN MAJ VINBERG , KYVIK KIRSTEN OHM , KESSING LARS VEDEL 
Published: May 2006

Background. Patients may present with cognitive impairment in the euthymic phase of affective disorder, but it is unclear whether the impairment is prevalent before onset of the illness. The aim of the present study was to examine the hypothesis that genetic liability to affective disorder is associated with cognitive impairment.Method. In a cross-sectional high-risk case–control study, healthy monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins with (High-Risk twins) and without (the control group/Low-Risk twins) a co-twin history of affective disorder were identified through nationwide registers. Cognitive performance of 203 High-Risk and Low-Risk twins was compared.Results. Healthy twins discordant for unipolar disorder showed lower performance on almost all measures of cognitive function: selective and sustained attention, executive function, language processing and working and declarative memory, and also after adjustment for demographic variables, subclinical symptoms and minor psychopathology. Healthy twins discordant for bipolar disorder showed lower performance on tests measuring episodic and working memory, also after adjustment for the above-mentioned covariables. The discrete cognitive impairment found seemed to be related to genetic liability, as the MZ High-Risk twins showed significant impairment on selective and sustained attention, executive function, language processing and working and declarative memory, whereas the DZ High-Risk twins presented with significantly lower scores only on language processing and episodic memory.Conclusions. The hypothesis that discrete cognitive impairment is present before the onset of the affective disorder and is genetically transmitted was supported. Thus, cognitive function may be a candidate endophenotype for affective disorders.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NUCLEAR GIANT-SIZE DRNA AND MICROSOMAL DRNA OF RAT BRAIN
Authors: Stévenin James , Mandel Paul , Jacob Monique 
Published: May 2006

(1) Among the DNA-like RNA (dRNA) species of rat brain, 35 per cent remain nuclear, whereas 65 per cent are found in the microsomes and may represent functional messenger RNA. It was estimated that 30,000-300,000 cistrons would thus code for messenger RNA in rat brain.
(2) No nuclear-specific dRNA with sedimentation characteristics similar to microsomal dRNA are detected.
(3) The nuclear large dRNA contain all the dRNA species of the brain.
(4) The presence of microsomal dRNA precursors and of nuclear restricted dRNA in large dRNA suggests the existence of a limited cleavage process and of a selection among the fragments for their transport from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Such a selective mechanism could represent an important regulation step in the transfer of genetic information.