bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ku70 predicts response and primary tumor recurrence after therapy in locally advanced head and neck cancer
Authors: Pavón Miguel Angel , Parreño Matilde , León Xavier , Sancho Francesc J. , Céspedes Maria Virtudes , Casanova Isolda , Lopez‐Pousa Antonio , Mangues Maria Antonia , Quer Miquel , Barnadas Agustí , Mangues Ramón 
Published: June 2008

Abstract5‐Fluorouracil and cisplatin‐based induction chemotherapy (IC) is commonly used to treat locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The role of nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) genes (Ku70, Ku80 and DNA‐PKcs) in double‐strand break (DSB) repair, genomic instability and apoptosis suggest a possible impact on tumor response to radiotherapy, 5‐fluorouracil or cisplatin, as these agents are direct or indirect inductors of DSBs. We evaluated the relationship between Ku80, Ku70 or DNA PKcs mRNA expression in pretreatment tumor biopsies, and tumor response to IC or local recurrence, in 50 patients with HNSCC. Additionally, in an independent cohort of 75 patients with HNSCC, we evaluated the relationship between tumor Ku70 protein expression and the same clinical outcomes or patient survival. Tumors in the responder group had significantly higher mRNA levels for Ku70, Ku80 and DNA‐PKcs than those in the nonresponder group. Ku70 mRNA was the marker most significantly associated with response to IC. Moreover, high tumor Ku70 mRNA expression was associated with significantly longer local recurrence‐free survival (LRFS). Ku70 protein expression was also significantly related to response, and patients with higher percentage of tumor cells expressing Ku70 had longer LRFS. In addition, the percentage of Ku70 positive cells, tumor localization and node involvement were significantly associated with overall survival of patient. Therefore, Ku70 expression is a candidate predictive marker that could distinguish patients who are likely to benefit from chemoradiotherapy or radiotherapy after the induction chemotherapy treatment, suggesting a contribution of the NHEJ system in HNSCC clinical outcome. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A three‐gene expression signature model to predict clinical outcome of clear cell renal carcinoma
Authors: Yao Masahiro , Huang Ying , Shioi Koichi , Hattori Keiko , Murakami Takayuki , Sano Futoshi , Baba Masaya , Kondo Keiichi , Nakaigawa Noboru , Kishida Takeshi , Nagashima Yoji , Yamada‐Okabe Hisafumi , Kubota Yoshinobu 
Published: June 2008

AbstractRenal cell carcinomas (RCCs) are morphologically and genetically heterogeneous tumors and present diverse clinical courses. We developed a scoring system using levels of gene expression to predict the outcome for clear cell RCC patients. We selected differentially expressed genes from the DNA microarray data of 27 clear cell RCCs; 16 were metastasis phenotypes and 11 were not. We compared the selected gene set with previously published data and identified 33 overlapping genes closely associated with patient outcome. We selected the 12 top‐ranked genes and confirmed the level of expression using quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR. Multivariate Cox analysis revealed that 3 genes—vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM1), endothelin receptor type B (EDNRB), and regulator of G‐protein signaling 5 (RGS5)—were the most tightly associated with cancer‐specific survival and that higher expression of the 3 genes correlated with better outcome. A formula for an outcome predictor was generated from integration of the measurements of the expression levels of the 3 genes. Multivariate Cox models combined with a split‐sample cross‐validation method in a cohort of 386 clear cell RCC patients demonstrated that the derived score for outcome prediction was an independent predictor in cancer‐specific survival tests. The accuracy of the prediction of cancer death after nephrectomy was improved by the inclusion of this score in receiver operating characteristic analysis from multivariate logistic regression models, suggesting that a scoring system based on the expression levels of these 3 genes is useful in the prediction of survival for patients with clear cell RCC. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Perinatal characteristics and risk of neuroblastoma
Authors: Johnson Kimberly J. , Puumala Susan E. , Soler John T. , Spector Logan G. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractNeuroblastoma (NB), a tumor of the sympathetic nervous system, is the most common infant malignancy. The etiology of NB is largely unknown. We explored the association between birth record variables and subsequent NB development in a population‐based case‐cohort study in Minnesota by linking the birth and cancer registries. NB cases included 155 children born during 1976–2004 who were diagnosed from 28 days through 14 years of age. The comparison group included 8,752 individuals randomly sampled from the birth cohort of cases. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Controlling for birth year and sex, maternal history of one fetal loss (HR = 1.7, 95% CI 1.2–2.5), maternal prenatal drug‐use (recorded starting in 1992) (HR = 5.7, 95% CI 2.3–14) and child's small size for gestational age (HR = 2.1, 95% CI 1.1–4.0) were significantly associated with NB. Age group specific analyses indicated that maternal hypertension (HR = 3.0, 95% CI 1.3–7.2) and maternal age <20 years (HR = 2.6, 95% CI 1.1–6.1) increased risks for infant NB only. Our study provides evidence that a few perinatal exposures as recorded in birth records may play a role in NB etiology. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Trends in esophageal cancer incidence by histology, United States, 1998–2003
Authors: Trivers Katrina F. , Sabatino Susan A. , Stewart Sherri L. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractEsophageal adenocarcinoma rates may be increasing, whereas, squamous cell carcinoma rates appear to be decreasing in the United States. Previous population‐based research on esophageal cancer has only covered up to 68% of the country. Additional, updated research on a larger percentage of the country is needed to describe racial, ethnic and regional trends in histologic subtypes of esophageal cancer. Invasive esophageal cancer cases diagnosed between 1998 and 2003 (n = 65,926), collected by the National Program of Cancer Registries or the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program, were included. These data cover 83% of the US population. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma incidence fell by 3.6%/year, whereas esophageal adenocarcinoma increased by 2.1%/year. Squamous cell carcinoma rates decreased among both sexes in most racial or ethnic groups, whereas adenocarcinoma rates increased primarily among white or non‐Hispanic men. Except for white or non‐Hispanic men, squamous cell carcinoma rates were similar to, or greater than, adenocarcinoma rates for men and women of all other races and ethnicities. The largest decrease in squamous cell carcinoma rates occurred in the West census region, which also exhibited no increase in adenocarcinoma rates. The rate of regional and distant‐staged adenocarcinomas increased, while rates for local‐staged adenocarcinoma remained stable. This is the first article to characterize esophageal cancer trends using data covering the majority of the US. Substantial racial, ethnic and regional variation in esophageal cancer is present in the US. Our work may inform interventions related to tobacco and alcohol use, and overweight/obesity prevention, and provide avenues for further research. Published 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Zooplankton of Fishless Ponds of Northern Patagonia: Insights into Predation Effects of Mesostoma ehrenbergii
Authors: Trochine Carolina , Balseiro Esteban G. , Modenutti Beatriz E. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractThe turbellarian predator Mesostoma ehrenbergii, a common inhabitant of fishless ponds of northern Patagonia, can consume prey larger than 1 mm. Because the feeding strategy of M. ehrenbergii includes mucus trapping and external digestion, this predator may exploit a broad range of prey sizes. We hypothesize that M. ehrenbergii could exert a strong effect on zooplankton composition and body size spectra in Patagonian fishless ponds. We investigated this hypothesis by analyzing the crustacean zooplankton composition and size spectra in five fishless ponds of northern Patagonia, and we carried out experiments to assess predation rates of M. ehrenbergii on potential prey species from 0.8 mm to 6 mm. These ponds were colonized by macrophytes, which favored habitat heterogeneity, especially in the smaller ponds that had higher species richness. The surveyed ponds showed distinctive crustacean zooplankton assemblages and sizes, but all were dominated by calanoid copepods of the genus Boeckella. Our results indicated that M. ehrenbergii consumed the whole size range of offered prey, from ∼0.8 mm (Ceriodaphnia dubia) to ∼6 mm (Parabroteas sarsi). Predation rates were higher for intermediate‐bodied copepods (∼1.5 mm) and C. dubia (0.8 mm), but we did not find conclusive evidence that variations in size spectra of crustacean zooplankton are a result of M. ehrenbergii predation. We suggest that an interaction between prey body size and its evasion tactic might be important to determine the true effect Mesostoma on zooplankters. The structural complexity created by macrophytes in Patagonian fishless ponds may also help account for the lack of a strong predation effect of Mesostoma in the field survey. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Ontogenetic Shifts in the Ability of the Cladoceran,Moina macrocopaStraus andCeriodaphnia cornutaSars to Utilize Ciliated Protists as Food Source
Authors: Kumar Ram , Hwang Jiang Shiou 
Published: June 2008

AbstractThe ontogenetic diet shifts and age specific ability of the two cladoceran speciesMoina macrocopaandCeriodaphnia cornutato derive energy from ciliated protists have been investigated in laboratory. The postembryonic developmental rates and life table demography (longevity, age and size at first reproduction, fecundity and intrinsic rate of natural increase) of the cladocerans have been elucidated on algae (Chlorella vulgaris) and the ciliated protists (Tetrahymena pyriformis,Colpoda(c.f.)steini) as food. For either of the cladoceran, the somatic growth rate and average body size at first reproduction were higher with algal diet. During initial stages of development (0–5 days), either cladoceran realized higher rate of somatic growth on algal diet, subsequently ciliated protists supported significantly higher growth rate than the alga. Algal and ciliate diets did not differ in maximum body size (C. cornuta: 539–554 μm;M. macrocopa: 1274.8–1309 μm) reached by either of the cladocerans. The maximum body sizes were larger than size at first reproduction with either of the ciliated protists, however, with algal diet the maximum body sizes did not differ from the size at first reproduction in each case. In case ofC. cornutathe generation time (20.5 ± 0.3 days on ciliate; 15.6 ± 0.17 days on algal diet), reproductive rates (net reproductive rate: 20.05 ± 3.2 on ciliate; 15.5 ± 1.2 on algal diet), and average life expectancy at hatching (27 ± 0.8 days on ciliate; 22.7 ± 0.71 days on alga) were higher, whereas the size at first reproduction (482 μm on ciliate; 521 μm on alga) was smaller with the ciliate than with an algal diet. The algal and the ciliate diets did not differ in survival (life expectancy at hatching: 9.2 ± 0.7 days) and fecundity (NRR: 23.6 ± 2.4) forM. macrocopa. The two ciliates used in the experiment did not differ in their performance as food source for either cladoceran species. Our results suggest that both the cladoceran species are able to utilize smaller ciliate (e.g.,T. pyriformis,C.(c.f.)steini) as food; however with differential ability to derive energy from the ciliate diet and this ability is size and age structured in both cases. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Factors and Criteria to Quantify Coastal Area Sensitivity/Vulnerability to Eutrophication: Presentation of a Sensitivity Index Based on Morphometrical Parameters
Authors: Håkanson Lars 
Published: June 2008

AbstractThere are major differences in sensitivity or vulnerability to anthropogenic loading of nutrients (eutrophication) among different coastal areas. The aim of this work is to discuss criteria for coastal area sensitivity and to present a sensitivity index (SI). This index is based on two morphometric parameters, which can be determined from simple bathymetric maps. (1) The topographical openness (or exposure) and (2) the dynamic ratio of the coastal area. The exposure is defined by the ratio between the section area of the coast and the enclosed coastal area. The boundaries of the coastal area should not be defined in an arbitrary manner but according to the topographical bottleneck method so that the exposure attains a minimum value. The exposure regulates the theoretical water retention time, which, in turn, regulates the effects of a given nutrient loading. The dynamic ratio is defined by the ratio between the square root of the coastal area and the mean depth. The dynamic ratio influences many fundamental internal transport processes. Coastal management should focus remedial actions on critical coastal areas which are at hand if the nutrient loading is high and/or the sensitivity is high. Testing the sensitivity index using a comprehensive data set including 478 coastal areas from the Baltic Sea. There were 2 (0.4%) extremely sensitive coastal areas (SI > 50), 50 (10.5%) very sensitive coastal areas (10 < SI < 50), 121 (25.3%) sensitive coastal areas (5 < SI < 10), 301 (63.0%) low sensitive coastal areas (1 < SI < 5) and 4 (0.8%) not sensitive coastal areas (SI < 1). (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Invertebrate Community Associated with the Macroalga Halimeda kanaloana Meadow in Maui, Hawaii
Authors: Fukunaga Atsuko 
Published: June 2008

AbstractAn expansive meadow of the native macroalga Halimeda kanaloana has been found in west Maui, Hawaii. This study examined the invertebrate community associated with the H. kanaloana meadow. Analyses of samples collected by SCUBA divers found that the meadow supports a diverse and unique benthic community. The meadow provides a suitable habitat for a variety of epibenthic and epifaunal invertebrates in the otherwise homogeneous sandy habitat. Infaunal polychaete abundances, species richness and Shannon‐Wiener diversity index were also higher inside the meadow. Abundances of epibenthic organisms, and dissimilarities of the polychaete assemblage, inside and outside the meadow were greater at deeper stations. This might be due to an effect of the Halimeda density rather than depth, suggesting that the macroalgal density might play an important role in shaping the benthic community. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Substrate‐induced phenotypical change of monocytes/macrophages into myofibroblast‐like cells: A new insight into the mechanism of in‐stent restenosis
Authors: Stewart H. J. S. , Guildford A. L. , Lawrence‐Watt D. J. , Santin M. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractStented coronary angioplasty is the procedure of choice to re‐establish patency in obstructed coronary arteries. However, the stent implantation procedure often leads to in‐stent restenosis, a process that is characterized by stent strut colonization by macrophages and smooth muscle cells and by neointima formation. The present in vitro study investigates the effect of stent materials on the phenotypical features of monocyte/macrophages. Human peripheral blood monocytes from healthy donors (n = 7) were cultured up to 7 days on substrates mimicking: (i) the stent surface (i.e., electropolished stainless steel), (ii) the de‐endothelialized vessel wall (collagen‐based extracellular matrix gel), and (iii) thrombus (i.e., fibrin gel). The cells were analyzed by immunocytochemistry for their ability to express α‐actin, a typical myofibroblast marker, by ELISA to determine PDGF‐BB and TGF‐β1 secretion and by PCR to evaluate hyaluronan synthase 1, 2, and 3 genes expression. Data were statistically analyzed by ANOVA (Dunnett's test) and data considered significantly different at p ≤ 0.05. The data demonstrated that mononuclear cells adhering to stainless steel acquire a phenotype capable of expressing α‐actin while secreting significantly higher levels of PDGF‐BB and TGF‐β. The expression of the three hyaluronan synthase isoforms was also altered by the metal substrate, where cells expressed genes only for the isoforms synthesizing high molecular weight hyaluronan. This study therefore suggests that mononuclear cells adhering on the stent metal surface undergo phenotypical transformation into myofibroblast‐like cells that are able to contribute to neointimal tissue synthesis. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2009
Development of water‐insoluble chitosan patch scaffold to repair traumatic tympanic membrane perforations
Authors: Kim Jang Ho , Bae Joon‐Ho , Lim Ki Taek , Choung Pill‐Hoon , Park Jung‐Sub , Choi Seong Jun , Im Ae Lee , Lee Eung Tae , Choung Yun‐Hoon , Chung Jong Hoon 
Published: June 2008

AbstractPerforated tympanic membranes (TM) and otitis media can be managed with a paper patch or tympanoplasty. However, a paper patch is not biocompatible and tympanoplasty requires complex aseptic surgical procedures. A novel biocompatible patch with a water‐insoluble chitosan as the main component was prepared. Optimal mechanical characteristics of a water‐insoluble chitosan patch scaffold (CPS) was ∼40 μm in thickness, 7 MPa in tensile strength, and 107% in percent elongation, even though the characteristics varied significantly depending on the concentrations of chitosan and glycerol. SEM of the CPSs showed a very smooth surface as compared with that of the paper patches. These CPSs showed no cytotoxicity and had a stimulating effect on the proliferation of TM cells in in vitro study. In in vivo study, 4 (21.1%) and 17 (89.5%) TMs out of 19 adult rats with CPSs showed no perforations at 1 and 2 weeks, respectively. However, left control TMs showed healing of 0 (0%) at 1 week and 18 (94.7%) at 2 weeks. TEM findings of regenerated eardrums using CPSs showed thinner, smoother, and more compact tissues than spontaneously healed eardrums. A CPS was more effective than spontaneous healing to repair traumatic TM perforations. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2009
Suppression of fluoride‐induced corrosion of titanium by albumin in oral modified environment
Authors: Takemoto Shinji , Hattori Masayuki , Yoshinari Masao , Kawada Eiji , Oda Yutaka 
Published: June 2008

AbstractAlthough fluoride induces corrosion in titanium in an oral environment, the influence of protein on this corrosion remains to be clarified. The objective of this study was to investigate suppression of fluoride‐induced corrosion of titanium where albumin was either present in a solution or where albumin was preadsorbed on titanium. Titanium dissolution in titanium specimens and surface characterization of each specimen were determined. Dissolution in a saline solution containing both albumin and fluoride was less than that in only fluoride‐containing saline solution. The titanium specimen was covered in an albumin film. The morphology of the titanium in the fluoride‐containing saline solution revealed jagged edges, whereas titanium immersed in the saline solution containing albumin and fluoride showed a round and plate‐like morphology. When albumin‐adsorbed titanium was immersed in a fluoride‐containing solution, dissolution within 6 h was less than that in non albumin‐adsorbed titanium. Dissolution increased with desorption of adsorbed‐albumin from the titanium surface. The results suggest that albumin in a solution suppresses dissolution of titanium compounds, thus influencing their morphology. Albumin adsorbed on titanium reduces fluoride attack and suppresses dissolution. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2008
Antibody‐bound cell microarray for immunophenotyping: Surface modification and lymphocyte subpopulations
Authors: Fujii Yasuo , Anderson James M. , Matsuda Takehisa 
Published: June 2008

AbstractAntibody‐based cell microarrays may serve as a high‐throughput diagnostic tool that requires precise surface design providing high biological specificity, high reliability, and high validity. A fundamental study on the quantitative evaluation of immunophenotyping using a cell microarray on which antibodies specific to cluster of differentiation (CD) antigens of blood cells are fixed was performed. The microarray, which was prepared by photomicropatterning self‐assembled monolayers of alkanethiols, consisted of carboxyl group (3‐mercaptopropionic acid)‐packed domains regularly distributed in the methyl group (1‐dodecanethiol)‐packed matrix phase. This was verified by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and water wettability measurements. The patterned carboxylated domains of 1.0 mm or 0.2 mm diameter were covalently fixed with the anti‐CD4 or anti‐CD8 antibody by coupling reaction using a water‐soluble carbodiimide and hydroxysuccinimide. Precision antibody fixation at almost complete conversion was verified by confocal laser scanning microscopy coupled with a specific dye staining technique. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells expressing CD4 or CD8 antigen, respectively, adhered on the anti‐CD4 or anti‐CD8 antibody‐fixed domains of the microarray at a very high specificity, which was verified with flow cytometric analysis and an antibody‐coated magnetic‐bead‐based cell isolation technique. The CD4/CD8 subset ratios determined using the antibody‐fixed microarrays were very close to those obtained by flow cytometric analysis. These results indicate that microarrays, on which antibodies specific to cell surface antigens are covalently fixed, provide a solid basis of the high‐throughput quantitative evaluation of immunophenotyping in medical diagnosis. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2008
Influence of the additional Er:YAG laser conditioning step on the microleakage of class V restorations
Authors: Esteves‐Oliveira Marcella , Carvalho Wendell L. , Eduardo Carlos de P. , Zezell Denise M. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of an additional Er:YAG laser conditioning step after laser cavity preparations, on the microleakage of class V composite restorations. Forty‐eight bovine incisors were randomly divided into four groups: G1(control) cavities prepared with bur, G2‐ cavities prepared with laser (400 mJ/2 Hz), G3‐ cavities prepared and subsequently conditioned with Er:YAG laser (60 mJ/2 Hz); G4‐idem for G3, but the laser conditioning was carried out without water‐spray. All the cavities were restored using Clearfill SE Bond® and Z‐250® composite resin. The samples were thermal cycled for 700 cycles and then immersed in 50% silver nitrate solution. The sectioned restorations were exposed to a photoflood lamp to reveal silver nitrate penetration. The Kruskal‐Walis one‐way analyses of variance test and post hoc Wilcoxon pair‐wise comparison were used to compare microleakage degrees. At the gingival margin G2 showed a lower microleakage mean than the control bur‐prepared cavities (p = 0.0003). At occlusal margins there were no statistically significant differences between the groups (p = 0.28). It may be concluded that Er:YAG laser class V cavity preparations do not need to be followed by an additional laser conditioning step to result in levels of microleakage similar to or lower than those obtained after bur preparations. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2008