bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lupus Anticoagulant-Hypoprothrombinemia Syndrome: Literature Review and Description of Local Case in a 3-Year-Old Chinese Girl
Authors: Wang Bin , Tang Ning , Zhang Chi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLupus anticoagulant-hypoprothrombinemia syndrome (LAHPS) is a rare, acquired coagulopathy syndrome. Here, we aim to summarize the clinical features of LAHPS to improve the understanding of the disease. The clinical data of 52 patients with LAHPS retrieved through PubMed from 2019 to 2023, supplemented with a local case of a child with LAHPS, were retrospectively analyzed, and the clinical characteristics were summarized. 56.6% of LAHPS patients were female, the median age at onset was 13.0 years (range, 1.2–85 years), and the median activity of factor II was 18.0% (range, 0.1–69%). 64.2% of LAHPS patients experienced hemorrhage, with 29.4% having multisite hemorrhage and 20.6% experiencing both nonsevere and severe hemorrhage. Most of the reported cases were secondary to autoimmune diseases (60.6%), followed by infections (33.3%). Corticosteroids were administered to 79.3% of patients with hemorrhage, and 90.6% of patients with LAHPS showed improvement. In conclusion, LAHPS is most commonly observed in female patients, particularly those under 18 years of age. LAHPS is characterized by hemorrhage, occurring at various sites and with varying degrees of severity, but the majority of patients improve with appropriate treatment and management.
The impact of Rashba spin-orbit coupling in charge-ordered systems
Authors: Fontenele Rodrigo A , dos Anjos Sousa Júnior Sebastião , Cysne Tarik P , Costa Natanael C 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We study the impact of the Rashba spin–orbit coupling (RSOC) on the stability of charge-density wave (CDW) in systems with large electron-phonon coupling (EPC). Here, the EPC is considered in the framework of the Holstein model at the half-filled square lattice. We obtain the phase diagram of the Rashba–Holstein model using the Hartree–Fock mean-field theory, and identify the boundaries of the CDW and Rashba metal phases. We notice that the RSOC disfavors the CDW phase, driving the system to a correlated Rashba metal. Also, we employ a cluster perturbation theory (CPT) approach to investigate the phase diagram beyond the Hartree–Fock approximation. The quantum correlations captured by CPT indicate that the RSOC is even more detrimental to CDW than previously anticipated. That is, the Rashba metal region is observed to be expanded in comparison to the mean-field case. Additionally, we investigate pairing correlations, and the results further strengthen the identification of critical points.
A bearing RUL prediction approach of vibration fault signal denoise modeling with Gate-CNN and Conv-transformer encoder
Authors: Huang Peng , Wang Yuanjin , Gu Yingkui , Qiu Guangqi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The operating conditions of rolling bearings are complex and variable, and their vibration monitoring signals are filled with strong noise interference, resulting in a low accuracy in remaining useful life (RUL) prediction. For this issue, this paper proposes a denoising method with vibration fault signals modeling, and a novel RUL prediction method with Gate-convolutional neural networks (CNN) and Conv-Transformer encoder. Firstly, the theoretical fault signal is obtained through the vibration fault signal model, and the quality of the extracted features is improved by the wavelet threshold denoising algorithm in the process of feature extraction and selection. Moreover, the CNN is combined with the gating mechanism to construct a feature extractor with the feature evaluation function, and the convolution layers are introduced into the transformer to expand the encoder’s ability to explore local information in temporal data. By using fixed-time step temporal features as the input to the prediction module and minimizing the Huber function as the optimization objective, the relationship between temporal features and RUL is obtained. The comparison with the existing state-of-the-art RUL methods illustrates that the combination of gate control and convolutional structure proposed in this paper can not only reduce the prediction error of the model but also improve its generalization ability and robustness.
Machine learning classification of metallic objects using pulse induction electromagnetic data
Authors: Thomas Ryan , Salmon Brian , Holloway Damien , Olivier Jan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This paper presents the classification of metallic objects using total and scattered pulse induction electromagnetic data, with a classification accuracy greater than 90%. Machine learning classification is applied to raw electromagnetic induction (EMI) data without the use of a physics-based model. The EMI method is applied to 8 metallic objects placed at increasing distances from 10–55 mm to the EMI sensing system. The EMI sensing system consists of two RL circuits placed in close proximity. Metallic objects are classified using linear algorithms including a perceptron and multiclass logistic regression, and nonlinear algorithms including a neural network, a 1D and 2D convolutional neural network (CNN). EMI data was collected using an experiment in an electromagnetically shielded laboratory. Feature maps are presented that explain the salient components of the EMI data used by the 1D and 2D CNN.
Superficial white matter microstructural imaging method based on time-space fractional-order diffusion
Authors: He Jianglin , Wang Yuanjun 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objective. Microstructure imaging based on diffusion magnetic resonance signal is an advanced imaging technique that enables in vivo mapping of the brain’s microstructure. Superficial white matter (SWM) plays an important role in brain development, maturation, and aging, while fewer microstructure imaging methods address the SWM due to its complexity. Therefore, this study aims to develop a diffusion propagation model to investigate the microstructural characteristics of the SWM region. Approach. In this paper, we hypothesize that the effect of cell membrane permeability and the water exchange between soma and dendrites cannot be neglected for typical clinical diffusion times (20 ms < t < 80 ms). We then use SpinDoctor to simulate the diffusion magnetic resonance signals of real neurons and propose a time-space fractional-order diffusion model for SWM microstructure imaging. We evaluate the validity regime of our model using numerical simulations and compare the model parameters with several state-of-the-art methods. Main results. By analyzing the simulation signals of real neuronal cells as well as diffusion magnetic resonance data from the brains of fourteen healthy human subjects, we find that the time-space fractional-order diffusion model can be used to capture the structural complexity of the tissue, indirectly through the association of time fractional exponents with restricted diffusion and space fractional exponents with perfusion and membrane permeability. Significance. The results show that the diffusion propagation model can provide new insights into the tissue architecture of the SWM.
New optically stimulated luminescence dosimetry film optimized for energy dependence guided by Monte Carlo simulations
Authors: De Saint-Hubert Marijke , Caprioli Marco , de Freitas Nascimento Luana , Delombaerde Laurence , Himschoot Katleen , Vandenbroucke Dirk , Leblans Paul , Crijns Wouter 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) film dosimeters, based on BaFBr:Eu2+ phosphor material, have major dosimetric advantages such as dose linearity, high spatial resolution, film re-usability, and immediate film readout. However, they exhibit an energy-dependent over-response at low photon energies because they are not made of tissue-equivalent materials. In this work, the OSL energy-dependent response was optimized by lowering the phosphor grain size and seeking an optimal choice of phosphor concentration and film thickness to achieve sufficient signal sensitivity. This optimization process combines measurement-based assessments of energy response in narrow x-ray beams with various energy response calculation methods applied to different film metrics. Theoretical approaches and MC dose simulations were used for homogeneous phosphor distributions and for isolated phosphor grains of different dimensions, where the dose in the phosphor grain was calculated. In total 8 OSL films were manufactured with different BaFBr:Eu2+ median particle diameters (D50): 3.2 μm, 1.5 μm and 230 nm and different phosphor concentrations (1.6%, 5.3% and 21.3 %) and thicknesses (from 5.2 to 49 μm). Films were irradiated in narrow x-ray spectra (N60, N80, N-150 and N-300) and the signal intensity relative to the nominal dose-to-water value was normalized to Co-60. Finally, we experimentally tested the response of several films in Varian 6MV TrueBeam STx linear accelerator using the following settings: 10 × 10 cm2 field, 0deggantry angle, 90 cm SSD, 10 cm depth. The x-ray irradiation experiment reported a reduced energy response for the smallest grain size with an inverse correlation between response and grain size. The N-60 irradiation showed a 43% reduction in the energy over-response when going from 3 μm to 230 nm grain size for the 5% phosphor concentration. Energy response calculation using a homogeneous dispersion of the phosphor underestimated the experimental response and was not able to obtain the experimental correlation between grain size and energy response. Isolated grain size modeling combined with MC dose simulations allowed to establish a good agreement with experimental data, and enabled steering the production of optimized OSL-films. The clinical 6 MV beam test confirmed a reduction in energy dependence, which is visible in small-grain films where a decrease in out-of-field over-response was observed.
Micro-discharge in tortuous pores: ‘splitting-quenching’ of primary ionization wave and the role of pre-ionization
Authors: Peng Dingyuan , Duan Jialu , Li Lan , Zhang Ruobing 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Porous discharge has been widely studied recent years, however the discharge development inside the pores with complicated structure was little involved. In this paper, the discharge developments in vertical and tortuous pore are studied using a 2D fluid model in Cartesian coordinate system established by COMSOL Multiphysics. The discharge develops symmetrically and bilaterally in vertical pore, and along the higher potential sidewall in tortuous pore, respectively. For tortuous pore, there are two pre-ionization process with negative and positive polarity successively, the latter one splits off from the former one and is in the form of multiple ionizing heads propagating simultaneously in string. The negative one can induce the primary discharge to deflect at the channel elbow joint in a ‘splitting-quenching’ way or directly deflect it by bridging with it. For the positive one, the multiple ionizing heads can distort the electric field and short cut the potential and thus accelerate the primary discharge. Furthermore, the discharge can be enhanced deep inside the tortuous pore by the large number of seed electrons provided by pre-ionization. The influence of the dielectric constant is also studied, with the dielectric constant increases, the discharge can maintain bilateral morphology in tortuous pores for a deeper development distance.
Efficiency of the non-maximally entangled quantum Otto engine
Authors: Sukamto Heru , Yuwana Lila , Purwanto Agus , Muniandy Sithi V 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We generalized the maximally entangled Hamiltonian of the isotropic Heisenberg XX model with two spin-1/2 particles to the case of non-maximal entanglement parametrized by the degree of non-maximality 0 < n < 1. The thermal concurrence as the function of the degree of non-maximality in the entanglement at different values of the exchange parameter is calculated. We analyzed the efficiency of the quantum Otto engine for different scenarios of exchange parameter regimes and the degree of maximal entanglement between the spin states. We showed that it is possible to run the quantum Otto engine using non-maximally entangled states and achieve higher efficiencies by controlling the exchange parameter value with respect to a critical value J

c
and this feature also depends on the degree of non-maximal entanglement n ≠ 1. This result may be useful for harnessing the non-maximal entanglement in quantum heat engine for optimizing the operation of quantum devices interacting with heat bath or environment.
Various nonlinear characteristics of breather/rogue waves and controllable interaction phenomena for a new KdV equation with variable coeffcients
Authors: Lv Na , Yue Yichao , Zhang Runfa , Yuan Xuegang , Sun Jiaping 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate and analyze various nonlinear phenomena of a new (2+1)-dimensional KdV equation with variable coefficients, and successfully obtain breather/rogue wave solutions and interaction solutions of the KdV equation by using the bilinear neural network method and symmetry transformation. Subsequently, we analyze the dynamical characteristics and evolution process of these obtained solutions through the 3-D animations, and find a series of interesting nonlinear phenomena concerning breather/rogue waves, such as fission, regeneration, annihilation, collision, and controllable interaction phenomena on nonzero backgrounds. This paper provides a more intuitive understanding for the nonlinear phenomena of these obtained solutions, and these nonlinear phenomena have potential application value in fluid dynamics, elastic mechanics and other fields of nonlinear science.
Lossless Compression Method for the Magnetic and Helioseismic Imager (MHI) Payload
Authors: Tong Li-Yue , Lin Jia-Ben , Deng Yuan-Yong , Ji Kai-Fan , Hou Jun-Feng , Wang Quan , Yang Xiao 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The Solar Polar-orbit Observatory (SPO), proposed by Chinese scientists, is designed to observe the solar polar regions in an unprecedented way with a spacecraft traveling in a large solar inclination angle and a small ellipticity. However, one of the most significant challenges lies in ultra-long-distance data transmission, particularly for the Magnetic and Helioseismic Imager (MHI), which is the most important payload and generates the largest volume of data in SPO. In this paper, we propose a tailored lossless data compression method based on the measurement mode and characteristics of MHI data. The background out of the solar disk is removed to decrease the pixel number of an image under compression. Multiple predictive coding methods are combined to eliminate the redundancy utilizing the correlation (space, spectrum, and polarization) in data set, improving the compression ratio. Experimental results demonstrate that our method achieves an average compression ratio of 3.67. The compression time is also less than the general observation period. The method exhibits strong feasibility and can be easily adapted to MHI.
Investigating the role of edge neutrals in exciting tearing mode activity and achieving flat temperature profiles in LTX-β
Authors: Banerjee Santanu , Boyle D.P. , Maan A. , Ferraro N. , Wilkie G. , Majeski R. , Podesta M. , Bell R. , Hansen C. , Capecchi W. , Elliott D. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We present observations, numerical simulations, and analysis from experiments in the Lithium Tokamak Experiment-Beta (LTX-β) in which the electron temperature profile (Te
(r)) shifts from flat to peaked and a tearing mode is also destabilized when the average density (ne
ave
) exceeds ∼1019 m−3. Flat Te
(r) is obtained routinely in LTX-β, with a lithium coated, low-recycling first wall, once the external fueling is stopped and density decays [Boyle et al 2023 Nucl. Fusion 63 056020]. In the present experiment, flat Te
profiles can be sustained while maintaining constant ne
ave
below a line averaged density threshold (ne
ave
th
) of ∼1019 m−3. Above ne
ave
th, Te
(r) shifts from flat to peaked and a tearing mode is destabilized. Due to low recycling, the achieved ne
ave
can be controlled precisely by external fueling and hence, a certain threshold of the edge neutral inventory from the external fueling is experimentally manifested through ne
ave
th
. The goal of the present work is to investigate the role of edge neutrals in determining Te
(r) and MHD stability in the unique low-recycling regime of LTX-β. Our hypothesis is that the peaking of Te
(r) beyond ne
ave
th
is due ultimately to the edge cooling by the cold neutrals beyond a critical fueling flux. At lower fueling flux, flat Te
(r) results in broader pressure profile and lower resistivity, which in turn stabilizes the tearing mode. This hypothesis is supported by edge neutral density estimation by DEGAS 2 code. Mode analysis by singular value decomposition confirms the tearing mode structure to be m/n = 2/1 (m and n being the poloidal and toroidal mode numbers). Linear tearing stability analysis with M3D-C1 predicts that plasmas with ne
ave
> 1019 are highly susceptible to a n = 1 tearing mode. ORBIT simulations, however, confirmed that the tearing modes do not contribute to the loss of fast ions from neutral beam injection. This study shows for the first time that the neutral inventory at the edge could be one of the deciding factors for the achievability of the unique operation regime of flat Te
(r) and the excitation of tearing activity that could be disruptive for the plasmas.
Effect of resonant magnetic perturbation on edge–core turbulence spreading in a tokamak plasma
Authors: Ren Guangzhi , Wei Lai , Li Jiquan , Wang Zheng-Xiong 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Turbulence spreading from the edge to the core region of a tokamak with a resonant magnetic perturbation (RMP) is investigated using an electromagnetic Landau-fluid model in a toroidal geometry. As a RMP field with an appropriate amplitude is applied, long-wavelength fluctuations around the resonance surface can be excited due to forced magnetic reconnection. Strong shear flow at the magnetic island separatrix is observed, which can break the radially elongated vortex structures of the turbulent fluctuation. Inward turbulence spreading can be blocked by this shear flow, and the saturation level of turbulence intensity in the core region declines.
Accelerating optical phased array calibration with improved SPGD algorithm
Authors: Shi Tao , Cheng Yu , Chen Jinhua , Du Xudong , Ji Chen 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
As a new type of beam pointing control technology, optical phased array has broad application prospects in the fields of laser radar and beam synthesis. However, the phase error in practical application brings great difficulties to beam detection and deflection, which must be calibrated. In this paper, a SPGD algorithm combined with Adam algorithm (ASPGD) is proposed and compared with the traditional optimization algorithm. The results show that the improved SPGD algorithm can double the convergence speed and increase the cosine similarity value by about 10%.
Correction of uneven illumination in microscopic image through robust brightness distribution estimation and deviation rectification
Authors: Ding Tao , Wu Kaijie , Cheng Hao , Gu Chaocheng 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
For diagnostic purposes, the automatic microscopic scanning system can scan and stitch multiple slide images together to produce a Whole Slide Image. This process provides a clear, high-resolution picture of the slide sample under the high-power objective lens of the microscope, enabling accurate diagnosis and analysis. However, uneven illumination affects every image acquired by a microscope, resulting in the existence of artifacts. In this paper, a novel retrospective approach based on robust brightness distribution estimation and deviation rectification is proposed. Least squares estimation and Cauchy estimation with a smooth regularization term are used to obtain the accurate estimation of background illumination distribution. Then the deviation map is given based on the deviation function of the two directions for illumination correction. This method leverages the statistical properties of image sequences to enhance stability and robustness against biological image artifacts. Through experimental validation, this approach successfully eliminates visible edge artifacts that commonly appear between neighboring tiles and exhibits superior performance when compared to other methods.
Prototype measurement results in a 65 nm technology and TCAD simulations towards more radiation tolerant monolithic pixel sensors
Authors: Lemoine C. , Aglieri Rinella G. , Baudot J. , Borghello G. , Carnesecchi F. , Hillemanns H. , Kluge A. , Kucharska G. , Leitao P.V. , Mager M. , Musa L. , Piro F. , Sanna I. , Snoeys W. , Šuljić M. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Early measurements on monolithic pixel sensor prototypes in the TPSCo 65 nm technology indicate a different response and radiation tolerance (up to
5×1015 1 MeV neq cm) for different sensor layout and process variants, illustrating the importance of layout and process in the path towards increased sensor radiation tolerance. Using these measurement results, TCAD simulations provide more insight to link the macroscopic behaviour of specific sensor variants to the details of its structure. With this insight we can propose a new variant combining the advantages of several measured variants as a path to even better radiation tolerance for the next iteration.
Prototype design of a Monolithic Active Pixel Sensor for the Electron-ion collider in China
Authors: He R. , Huang J. , Yin R. , Zhou W. , Niu X. , Han W. , Wang Q. , Yang H. , Yuan H. , Zou C. , Tian Y. , Liao S. , Zhang H. , Li X. , Liao J. , Zhao C. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The Nupix-R1 is a prototype Monolithic Active Pixel Sensor designed for the Electron-ion collider in China. It consists of 128 rows × 128 columns of square pixels with a pitch of 26.3 µm. Since it is implemented in a 130 nm commercial triple-well process, the in-pixel circuit contains only NMOS transistors. The Nupix-R1 can simultaneously measure the energy, arrival time and position of particle hits. In addition, it can also record only the hit positions with a novel zero-compression scheme to increase the readout speed and reduce the data volume. This paper will discuss the design of the Nupix-R1 sensor.
First measurements with a new β-electron detector for spectral shape studies
Authors: Guadilla V. , Algora A. , Estienne M. , Fallot M. , Gelletly W. , Porta A. , Rigalleau L.-M. , Stutzmann J.-S. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The shape of the electron spectrum emitted in β decay
carries a wealth of information about nuclear structure and
fundamental physics. In spite of that, few dedicated measurements
have been made of β-spectrum shapes. In this work we present a
newly developed detector for β electrons based on a telescope
concept. A thick plastic scintillator is employed in coincidence
with a thin silicon detector. The first measurements employing this
detector have been carried out with mono-energetic electrons from
the high-energy resolution electron-beam spectrometer at
Bordeaux. Here we report on the good reproduction of the
experimental spectra of mono-energetic electrons using Monte Carlo
simulations. This is a crucial step for future experiments, where a
detailed Monte Carlo characterization of the detector is needed to
determine the shape of the β-electron spectra by deconvolution
of the measured spectra with the response function of the
detector. A chamber to contain two telescope assemblies has been
designed for future β-decay experiments at the Ion Guide
Isotope Separator On-Line facility in Jyväskylä, aimed at
improving our understanding of reactor antineutrino spectra.