bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endurance exercise preserves physical function in adult and older male C57BL/6 mice: high intensity interval training (HIIT) versus voluntary wheel running (VWR)
Authors: Pajski Megan L. , Byrd Chris , Nandigama Nainika , Seguin Emily , Seguin Anna , Fennell Alyssa , Graber Ted G. 
Published: March 2024

Exercise has been shown to improve physical function, mitigate aspects of chronic disease and to potentially alter the trajectory of age-related onset of frailty and sarcopenia. Reliable and valid preclinical models are necessary to elucidate the underlying mechanisms at the intersection of age, exercise, and functional decline. The purpose of this study was to compare, head to head, the effects of two common pre-clinical models of endurance exercise: high intensity interval training (HIIT) and voluntary wheel running (VWR). The hypothesis was that a prescribed and regimented exercise program, HIIT, would prove to be a superior training method to unregulated voluntary exercise, VWR. To investigate this hypothesis, we evaluated adult (n = 24, designated 10 m, aged 6 months at the beginning of the study, 10 months at its completion) and older adult (n = 18, designated 26 m, aging from 22 months to 26 months over the course of the study) C57BL/6 male mice. These mice were randomly assigned (with selection criteria) to a 13-week program of voluntary wheel running (VWR), high intensity interval training (HIIT), or sedentary control (SED). The functional aptitude of each mouse was determined pre- and post-training using our composite CFAB (comprehensive functional assessment battery) scoring system consisting of voluntary wheel running (volitional exercise and activity rate), treadmill (endurance), rotarod (overall motor function), grip meter (forelimb strength), and inverted cling (whole body strength/endurance). To measure sarcopenia, we tracked body mass, body composition (with EchoMRI), plantar flexor torque (in 10 m), and measured muscle wet mass post-training. Overall, adult CFAB scores decreased while body mass and percent body fat increased as they matured; however, exercise significantly mitigated the changes (p &lt; 0.05) compared to SED. Older adults demonstrated preservation of function (CFAB) and reduced body fat (p &lt; 0.05) compared to SED. To conclude, both types of exercise maintained physical function equally in older mice.
End-user research into understanding perceptions of and reactions to a microarray patch (MAP) for contraception among women in Ghana, Kenya and Uganda
Authors: El-Sahn Moushira , Elliott Rose , El-Sahn Mona , Lucas Jeff , Wood Santos Trisha 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionMany organizations are developing new contraceptive products and approaches that promote self-care including a microarray patch (MAP) that has the potential for self-administration with appropriate training. We studied women's perceptions of the MAP technology with the primary goal of providing feedback on product attributes to inform early technical design decisions regarding various MAP contraceptive products in development by MAP developers.MethodsOur study consisted of a qualitative phase with in-person In-Depth Interviews (IDIs) with a total of 60 women of reproductive age (WRA) and quantitative surveys, via face-to-face computer-assisted interviews of a total of 927 women in Ghana, Kenya and Uganda. Women's perceptions on 12 attributes of the MAP were assessed through written descriptions, a profile, and visual stimuli such as graphics and images.ResultsOverall, the most widely preferred attribute set included: a hand-applied MAP, utilizing one circular patch, with a sticky backing, no larger than 2 cm diameter in size, applied by self, to the arm, offering sensory feedback (clicking sound and/or color change signals) to confirm enough pressure, successful application and removal, lasting 6 months with up to 12 months return to natural state of fertility. There is space to allow for variation in MAP designs (including the use of an applicator or provider administered MAP) if the design promotes and reflects the needs and expectations of users and providers.DiscussionThe contraceptive MAP had a high and broad level of appeal amongst all groups of women who participated in the study and has a strong value proposition around important contraceptive needs such as ease of use, convenience, and discretion.
“We choose this CV because we choose diversity” – What do eye movements say about the choices recruiters make?
Authors: Osanami Törngren Sayaka , Schütze Carolin , Van Belle Eva , Nyström Marcus 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionA large body of research has established a consensus that racial discrimination in CV screening occurs and persists. Nevertheless, we still know very little about how recruiters look at the CV and how this is connected to the discriminatory patterns. This article examines the way recruiters view and select CVs and how they reason about their CV selection choices, as a first step in unpacking the patterns of hiring discrimination. Specifically, we explore how race and ethnicity signaled through the CV matter, and how recruiters reason about the choices they make.MethodsWe recorded data from 40 respondents (20 pairs) who are real-life recruiters with experiences in recruitment of diverse employees in three large Swedish-based firms in the finance and retail sector in two large cities. The participating firms all value diversity, equity and inclusion in their recruitment. Their task was to individually rate 10 fictious CVs where race (signaled by face image) and ethnicity (signaled by name) were systematically manipulated, select the top three candidates, and then discuss their choices in pairs to decide on a single top candidate. We examined whether respondents’ choices were associated with the parts of the CV they looked at, and how they reasoned and justified their choices through dialog.ResultsOur results show that non-White CVs were rated higher than White CVs. While we do not observe any statistically significant differences in the ratings between different racial groups, we see a statistically significant preference for Chinese over Iraqi names. There were no significant differences in time spent looking at the CV across different racial groups, but respondents looked longer at Polish names compared to Swedish names when presented next to a White face. The dialog data reveal how respondents assess different CVs by making assumptions about the candidates’ job and organizational fit through limited information on the CVs, especially when the qualifications of the candidates are evaluated to be equal.
In silico and in vivo evaluation of the anti-cryptosporidial activity of eugenol
Authors: Gattan Hattan S. , Wakid Majed H. , Qahwaji Rowaid M. , Altwaim Sarah , Mahjoub Haifaa A. , Alfaifi Mashael S. , Elshazly Hayam , Al-Megrin Wafa Abdullah I. , Alshehri Eman Abdullah , Elshabrawy Hatem A. , El-kady Asmaa M. 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundCryptosporidiosis is an opportunistic parasitic disease widely distributed worldwide. Although Cryptosporidium sp. causes asymptomatic infection in healthy people, it may lead to severe illness in immunocompromised individuals. Limited effective therapeutic alternatives are available against cryptosporidiosis in this category of patients. So, there is an urgent need for therapeutic alternatives for cryptosporidiosis. Recently, the potential uses of Eugenol (EUG) have been considered a promising novel treatment for bacterial and parasitic infections. Consequently, it is suggested to investigate the effect of EUG as an option for the treatment of cryptosporidiosis.Materials and methodsThe in silico bioinformatics analysis was used to predict and determine the binding affinities and intermolecular interactions of EUG and Nitazoxanide (NTZ) toward several Cryptosporidium parvum (C. parvum) lowa II target proteins. For animal study, five groups of immunosuppressed Swiss albino mice (10 mice each) were used. Group I was left uninfected (control), and four groups were infected with 1,000 oocysts of Cryptosporidium sp. The first infected group was left untreated. The remaining three infected groups received NTZ, EUG, and EUG + NTZ, respectively, on the 6th day post-infection (dpi). All mice were sacrificed 30 dpi. The efficacy of the used formulas was assessed by counting the number of C. parvum oocysts excreted in stool of infected mice, histopathological examination of the ileum and liver tissues and determination of the expression of iNOS in the ileum of mice in different animal groups.Resultstreatment with EUG resulted in a significant reduction in the number of oocysts secreted in stool when compared to infected untreated mice. In addition, oocyst excretion was significantly reduced in mice received a combination therapy of EUG and NTZ when compared with those received NTZ alone. EUG succeeded in reverting the histopathological alterations induced by Cryptosporidium infection either alone or in combination with NTZ. Moreover, mice received EUG showed marked reduction of the expression of iNOS in ileal tissues.ConclusionBased on the results, the present study signified a basis for utilizing EUG as an affordable, safe, and alternative therapy combined with NTZ in the management of cryptosporidiosis.
Inflammatory CD11b+ Macrophages Produce BAFF in Spleen of Mice Infected with Leishmania donovani
Authors: Nagai Kazuki , Fujii Wataru , Yamagishi Junya , Sanjoba Chizu , Goto Yasuyuki 
Published: March 2024

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is an infectious disease caused by parasitic protozoa of the genus Leishmania and manifests clinical symptoms such as splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, anemia, and fever. It has previously been shown that B-cell-activating factor (BAFF) is involved in splenomegaly during VL. Although BAFF is known to be expressed by a variety of cells, the mechanism of elevated BAFF expression in VL is not clear. In this study, we aimed to identify BAFF-producing cells in the spleens of mice infected with Leishmania donovani. Splenocytes of L. donovani-infected mice showed elevated BAFF expression compared to that of naive mice. In the infected spleen, the number of both CD11b+ and F4/80+ cells increased, and the major BAFF-producing cells were CD11b+ cells, which did not serve as host cells of Leishmania. Immunohistochemical/immunofluorescent staining of spleens of infected mice revealed that the increased CD11b+ cells were primarily MRP14+ mononuclear cells. Together, these results suggest the increased BAFF expression in the spleen of L. donovani-infected mice involves a recruitment of inflammatory macrophages distinct from host macrophages for the parasites.
Laocoon vu par Euphorion et Nicandre de Colophon : Poésie, histoire et politique à l’époque hellénistique
Authors: Meulder Marcel 
Published: March 2024

Le poète hellénistique Euphorion est le premier à transformer l’éventuelle faute de Laocoon contre Athéna en faute irrévérencieuse envers Apollon, non seulement par goût pour les histoires érotiques, mais aussi pour s’en prendre aux adversaires de son protecteur, le roi Antiochus III. Car ces adversaires, Attale Ier (et Rome), se réclamaient à titres et degrés divers, de l’héritage de Troie. Contemporain et partisan du roi de Pergame, Nicandre de Colophon
maior disculpe par contre Laocoon de toute impiété.
ANALISIS KADAR HEMOGLOBIN PADA WANITA PEROKOK DAN WANITA BUKAN PEROKOK DI INDONESIA (ANALISIS MATCHING SAMPEL MENGGUNAKAN DATA IFLS 5)
Authors: Handayani Nur Septia , Astuti Nur Fitri Widya 
Published: March 2024

Latar belakang: wanita memiliki risiko untuk memiliki kadar hemoglobin yang rendah, namun bagi perokok memiliki risiko kadar hemoglobin yang tinggi. Pengaruh merokok pada kualitas kadar hemoglobin pada tubuh dapat mengindikasikan suatu gangguan kesehatan. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui kadar hemoglobin pada wanita perokok dan bukan perokok. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan desain cross sectional dengan analisis data sekunder IFLS 5 melibatkan matching sampel 127 wanita perokok dan 127 wanita bukan perokok menggunakan Propensity Score Matching (PSM). Hasil: Pada penelitian ini didapatkan kadar hemoglobin wanita perokok cenderung lebih tinggi jika dibandingkan dengan wanita bukan perokok bahkan setelah dilakukan matching, dimana secara kategorik status nilai Hb didapatkan 5 wanita termasuk memiliki kategori kadar Hb yang tinggi (>15 gr/dl). Secara analisis numerik kadar hemoglobin pada wanita perokok adalah 13.1 (7.3-17) sedangkan kadar hemoglobin wanita bukan perokok adalah 12.8 (7.1-15.3). Pada pengelompokkan wanita perokok berdasarkan lama Riwayat merokok didapatkan nilai kadar Hb tertinggi ditemukan pada kelompok wanita perokok dengan Riwayat merokok selama 3 tahun lebih. Hasil uji korelasi didapatkan bahwa terdapat korelasi positif antara nilai IMT dengan kadar Hb. Kesimpulan: Setelah dilakukan matching sampel antara wanita perokok dan bukan merokok kadar Hb pada kelompok perokok wanita masih terlihat cenderung lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelompok wanita bukan perokok. Selain itu kualitas kadar Hb pada seorang perokok juga harus mendapat perhatian lebih karena merokok dapat meningkatkan kadar karbon monoksida pada darah. Kata kunci : IFLS, kadar hemoglobin, matching sampel, wanita perokok.
RANCANG BANGUN PROTOTIPE 3 DIMENSI ORGAN MANDIBULA MENGGUNAKAN CITRA MEDIS RADIOLOGI
Authors: Sari Amillia Kartika , Rulaningtyas Riries , Ain Khusnul , Astuti Suryani Dyah , Soelistiono Soegianto , Kamandjaja David Buntoro 
Published: March 2024

Latar belakang: Tumor pada mandibula dapat menyebabkan kecacatan tulang. hal ini memberikan dampak negatif pada kehidupan sosial penderita. Solusi pada kasus ini adalah operasi rekonstruksi mandibula. Untuk mengoptimalkan operasi tersebut salah satunya dapat digunakan prototipe 3D sebagai perencanaan pra-bedah. Tujuan: Penelitian ini berfokus pada proses pembuatan prototipe 3D yang menggunakan pencitraan dari modalitas CT-Scan. Hasil: Pembuatan prototipe 3D diawali dari akuisisi data citra CT-Scan yang selanjutnya dilakukan proses segmentasi citra dan visualisasi 3 dimensi, pada proses terakhir dilakukan pencetakan 3 dimensi. Prototipe 3D yang telah jadi dilakukan analisa kualitatif melalui pengukuran dimensi panjang di daerah ramus, angulus, dan body of mandible dan dibandingkan dengan hasil pengukuran organ mandibula cadaver. Didapatkan hasil rerata panjang ramus pada mandibula cadaver adalah 33,62±0,34 mm, sedangkan panjang ramus pada mandibula prototipe 3D adalah 32,98±0,44 mm. Nilai rerata pengukuran pada daerah angulus adalah 31,26±0,25 mm pada mandibula cadaver, dan nilai 31,23±0,22 mm pada mandibula protptipe 3D. Dan pengukuran pada daerah body of mandible mandibula cadaver adalah 32,05±0,98mm, sedangkan apada mandibula prootipe adalah 32,06±1,03 mm, secara keseluruhan akurasi pada prototipe 3D sebesar 99,317%. Kesimpulan: Penggunaan citra radiologi sebagai data awal untuk membuat prototipe 3 dimensi mandibula dapat dilakukan, pengukuran akurasi prototipe 3D harus dievaluasi untuk masing-masing tahap fabrikasi.
IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM GEROBAK CINTA DALAM PENCEGAHAN DAN PENANGGULANGAN STUNTING DI FLORES TIMUR
Authors: Kelen Bernadete A.N.H , Regaletha Tadeus A. L , Nur Marselinus L. 
Published: March 2024

Latar belakang: : Program Gerobak Cinta merupakan konsep Pemberian Makanan Tambahan Terfokus kepada Balita usia 6-9 bulan selama 90 hari dengan memanfaatkan pangan lokal bergizi. Puskesmas Pembantu Leraboleng merupakan salah satu wilayah yang menjalankan program Gerobak Cinta sejak tahun 2018 tetapi sampai dengan tahun 2022 angka kejadian stuntingnya masih tergolong tinggi. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui lebih dalam terkait gambaran Program Gerobak Cinta di Pustu Leraboleng, berdasarkan komponen input, process dan output. Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif eksploratif dengan metode deskriptif. Informan dalam penelitian ini adalah pihak yang terlibat langsung dalam program. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner dan lembar observasi. Pengolahan data menggunakan model Miles and Hubarman. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukan pelaksanaan program Gerobak Cinta telah dilaksanakan sesuai petunjuk teknis dalam Perbup Flores Timur No.27 Tahun 2019 tetapi masih ada kendala yang ditemukan yaitu pada komponen Input, orangtua dan kader belum mendapatkan pendidikan dan pelatihan, pada komponen Process masih ada orangtua yang tidak membawa anaknya ke Posyandu, orangtua menolak menjadi sasaran PMT, orangtua tidak memiliki catatan harian tentang daya terima makan anak dan terdapat anggota keluarga yang ikut mengkonsumsi makanan PMT dan untuk komponen Output terjadi trend fluktuatif pada angka kejadian stunting dari tahun 2018 sampai tahun 2022. Kesimpulan: pelaksanaan Gerobak Cinta di Pustu Leraboleng belum optimal.
Health Aspects of Colonization and the Post-Colonial Period in Greenland 1721 to 2014
Authors: Bjerregaard Peter , Viskum Lytken Larsen Christina 
Published: March 2024

Colonization in Greenland lasted from 1721 to 1953 but even after the introduction of self-government in 2009, aspects of economic and cultural colonization persist. Several epidemics that decimated the population have been recorded from the colonial period. In the post-colonial period urbanization, immigration of Danish workers and alcohol consumption increased significantly while suicides became an important cause of death.
We have outlined two parallel sequences of events, namely the general history of Greenland with emphasis on certain effects of colonization on everyday life and the epidemiological transition with emphasis on mental health. In particular, results from a health survey in 2014 among the Inuit in Greenland showed statistically significant associations between suicidal thoughts in adulthood and sexual abuse as a child as well as between sexual abuse as a child and alcohol problems in the childhood home. Among women also current socioeconomic conditions were associated with sexual abuse as a child.
Colonization in Greenland was relatively benign and our results illustrate that it is not only extensive colonial stress such as genocide and loss of language and culture that has negative effects on mental health but also the more subtle stress factors that the Inuit in Greenland were exposed to.
Psychosocial Perspectives on Working Conditions among Men and Women in Reindeer Breeding in Sweden
Authors: Edin-Liljegren Anette , Daerga Laila , Sahlén Klas-Göran , Jacobsson Lars 
Published: March 2024

Objective: The aim of this project was to describe the work organisation in the Sami communities and in reindeer-herding work and to explore the range of female duties and compare how men and women experience their psychosocial working conditions.
Design: A kind of intervention study was performed by means of a questionnaire sent out to 200 individuals from seven Sami communities. Questions were asked about work organisation, communication, personal relations, solitary work, support, participation and appreciation from colleagues and women’s tasks. Meetings and discussions were held about what was perceived as being important in the life of the Sami communities. Notes from 16 group discussions were written down and analysed according to themes of topics relating to how men and women in the Sami communities experience their lives.
Results: Communication and relations were described as being inadequate and some respondents experienced a heavy workload. The women reported more troubled relations, less participation in decision-making and less appreciation from colleagues. Positive issues reported were the Sami identity and a strong connection to the reindeer and to nature.
Conclusions: This study indicates a need for a more systematic study of the psychosocial work conditions in the Sami communities in Sweden. Measures should be taken to develop the organisation of work, e.g. through developing communication strategies and conflict management, which has been requested by several Sami communities.
Being a Young Sami in Sweden
Authors: Omma Lotta M. , Holmgren Lars E. , Jacobsson Lars H. 
Published: March 2024

Objective: The aim of the present study was to illuminate the contemporary cultural reality of being a young Sami in Sweden, with special reference to issues such as identity/self-perception, autonomy, and experiences of being ill treated and discrimination.
Design: The study comprises a qualitative and a quantitative part. The qualitative part includes meetings, discussions and dialogues with young Sami and others. The quantitative part includes a questionnaire on socioeconomic conditions, Sami ethnicity, experiences of being ill-treated because of a Sami background, specific questions on identity and self-perception, questions about self-determination, and thoughts and expectations of the future. The sample consists of 876 young Sami aged 18–28, of whom 516 (59 per cent) responded to the questionnaire.
Results: A majority are proud to be Sami and wish to preserve their culture. 71 per cent have a close connection to a Sami community. Most of the young Sami have had to explain and defend their culture and way of life. Nearly half had perceived discrimination or ill-treatment because of their ethnicity, with reindeer herders reporting a higher degree of ill-treatment (70 per cent). Reindeer herders exist in a severe environment with an insecure legacy. Most of the young Sami in this study have a positive self-perception and think that their lives are meaningful. Very few dropped out of school and very few are unemployed.
Conclusion: We believe that there are protective factors that potentially explain the well-being of this group; a strong feeling of belonging among the Sami, strong connections to family, relatives and friends and good sociocultural adaptation (to have a job, completed school).
Perchiazziite, Co2(CO3)(OH)2, a New Member of the Rosasite–Malachite Group from the Monte Ramazzo Mine, Italy
Authors: Barbaro Anna , Nestola Fabrizio , Kasatkin Anatoly V. , Ardit Matteo , Rotiroti Nicola , Škoda Radek , Agakhanov Atali A. , Dalconi Maria Chiara , Castellaro Fabrizio 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Perchiazziite, ideally Co2(CO3)(OH)2, is a new mineral discovered at the Monte Ramazzo Mine, Genova Province, Liguria, Italy. It occurs as globular aggregates up to 0.1 mm in diameter, composed of very thin fibers. These develop on a matrix composed mostly of goethite and magnetite, in association with calcite and Co-bearing malachite. Aggregates of perchiazziite are pale orange-pink on their outer surfaces but white in thin section. It is translucent with white streak, silky luster, brittle tenacity, and uneven fracture. No cleavage and parting are observed. The Mohs hardness is ∼4. Dcalc. = 3.970 g/cm3. The mean refractive index calculated using the Gladstone-Dale equation is 1.77. The main bands in the Raman spectrum are at 154, 511, 707, 1085, 1526, 3304, and 3479 cm−1. The chemical composition (by electron microprobe; CO2 and H2O by stoichiometry) of perchiazziite is (in wt.%): MgO 1.81, CaO 0.41, MnO 0.32, FeO 0.12, CoO 32.45, NiO 4.02, CuO 5.40, ZnO 25.60, CO2 20.63, H2O 8.42, total 99.18. The empirical formula calculated on the basis of 5 O apfu is: (Co0.93Zn0.67Cu0.15Ni0.12Mg0.10Ca0.02Mn0.01)Σ2.00(CO3)(OH)2. The crystal structure was refined by the Rietveld method. Perchiazziite is monoclinic, space group P21/a, a = 12.1832(16) Å, b = 9.3187(16) Å, c = 3.1570(3) Å, β = 97.165(15)°, V = 355.62(8) Å3, and Z = 4. The strongest lines of the X-ray powder diffraction pattern [d, Å (I, %) (hkl)] are 6.040 (22) (200), 5.073 (38) (210), 3.694 (53) (220), 2.599 (100) (021), 2.535 (26) (420), 2.480 (27) , 2.140 (26) , 1.561 (25) . Perchiazziite is a new member of the rosasite–malachite group.