bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The mental health self‐direction scale: An abridged version and its sensitivity to change
Authors: de Haas Sam M. H. , Janse Pauline D. , Tiemens Bea G. , Hutschemaekers Giel J. M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe Mental Health Self‐Direction Scale (MHSD) measures the extent to which clients are able to resolve mental problems by themselves. Because this scale had not yet been evaluated, the aims of this paper were (a) to evaluate and improve the MHSD and (b) to explore the sensitivity to change of the improved scale.MethodThe MHSD was evaluated and improved by means of confirmatory factor analyses of data from one longitudinal and two cross‐sectional outpatient sample. Inconsistent items were removed in a stepwise fashion. Subsequently, the scale's sensitivity to change was explored in the longitudinal sample by using latent growth curve models.ResultsThe original 31‐item scale was reduced to a more stable version with 19 items that yielded four factors named: actorship, demoralization, commitment, and understanding. Throughout clients’ treatment, actorship and understanding tended to increase; demoralization tended to decrease; and commitment remained consistently high.ConclusionsThe abridged MHSD scale is stable and sensitive to change. It measures the extent to which clients experience and develop self‐direction throughout their treatment. With the use of the new MHSD scale, new views on mental health that emphasize clients’ ability to actively engage and cope with health‐challenges can be incorporated into clinical treatment.
Prenatal diagnosis of pulmonary arteriovenous malformations with a postnatal diagnosis of Osler–Weber–Rendu syndrome
Authors: Daglar Halil Korkut , Kaymak Didem , Ceylaner Serdar , Uysal Nihal Şahin , Sanhal Cem Yaşar 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia (HHT), commonly known as Osler–Weber–Rendu disease, is an autosomal dominant multisystemic vascular disease associated with approximately 70% of cases of pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs). Prenatal cases of PAVMs typically present with pulmonary vein dilatation on ultrasonography. This study presents a prenatal diagnosis of PAVMs with enlarged right pulmonary vein, cardiomegaly, cystic‐appearing areas in the right lung and subsequent confirmation of Osler–Weber–Rendu syndrome using autopsy and whole exom sequencing.
Robotic‐assisted total knee arthroplasty is not associated with improved accuracy in implant position and alignment compared to conventional instrumentation in the execution of a preoperative digital plan
Authors: Nogalo Christian , Farinelli Luca , Meena Amit , di Maria Fabrizio , Abermann Elisabeth , Fink Christian 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPurposeThe primary objective of the present study was to evaluate if robotic‐assisted total knee arthroplasty (RO‐TKA) results in improved accuracy compared to conventional TKA (CO‐TKA) with respect to alignment and component positioning executing a preoperative digital plan. The secondary objective was to compare patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs) between the two groups at 6 months of follow‐up (FU).MethodsPatients who underwent primary TKA using the concept of constitutional alignment were identified from the database. Each patient underwent preoperative digital planning as well as postoperative evaluation of the preoperative plan (alignment and component position) using mediCAD® software (Hectec GmbH). Two groups were formed: (i) The RO‐TKA group (n = 30) consisted of patients who underwent TKA with a robotic surgical system (ROSA®, Zimmer Biomet) and (ii) the CO‐TKA group (n = 67) consisted of patients who underwent TKA with conventional instrumentation. To assess accuracy, all qualitative variables were analysed using the χ2 test. Tegner activity scale, Oxford Knee Score and visual analogue scale were assessed preop and at 6‐month FU. To assess differences between the two groups, a 2 × 2 repeated measures analysis of variance was performed.ResultsThere was no significant (p > 0.05) difference in the accuracy of alignment as well as tibial and femoral component position between the two groups. At the 6‐month FU, there was no significant (p > 0.05) difference in PROMs between the two groups.ConclusionWhile robotic TKA may have some potential advantages, no significant difference was found between robotic and conventional TKA with respect to limb alignment, clinical outcomes and component positioning.Level of EvidenceLevel III.
The book is just being written: The enduring journey of parents of children with emerging‐ ultrarare disorders
Authors: Stafford‐Smith Bethany , Sullivan Jennifer A. , McAllister Marion , Walley Nicole , Shashi Vandana , McConkie‐Rosell Allyn 
Published: April 2024

AbstractUltra rare disorders are being diagnosed at an unprecedented rate, due to genomic sequencing. These diagnoses are often a new gene association, for which little is known, and few share the diagnosis. For these diagnoses, we use the term emerging‐ultrarare disorder (E‐URD), defined as <100 diagnosed individuals. We contacted 20 parents of children diagnosed with an E‐URD through the Duke University Research Sequencing Clinic. Seventeen completed semi‐structured interviews exploring parental perspectives (7/17 had children in publications describing the phenotype; 4/17 had children in the first publication establishing a new disorder). Data were analyzed using a directed content approach informed by an empowerment framework. Parents reported a range of responses, including benefits of a diagnosis and challenges of facing the unknown, some described feeling lost and confused, while others expressed empowerment. Empowerment characteristics were hope for the future, positive emotions, engagement, and confidence/self‐efficacy to connect with similar others, partner with healthcare providers, and seek new knowledge. We identified a subset of parents who proactively engaged researchers, supported research and publications, and created patient advocacy and support organizations to connect with and bolster similarly diagnosed families. Other parents reported challenges of low social support, low tolerance for uncertainty, limited knowledge about their child's disorder, as well as difficulty partnering with HCPs and connecting to an E‐URD community. An overarching classification was developed to describe parental actions taken after an E‐URD diagnosis: adjusting, managing, and pioneering. These classifications may help genetic counselors identify and facilitate positive steps with parents of a child with an E‐URD.
Arsenic's shadowy influence: A systematic review of its carcinogenic role in gallbladder cancer
Authors: Elgenidy Anas , Odat Ramez M. , Al‐Ghorbany Horiah Amer , Shahin Hatim Nasruldin , Abdel‐bary Ibrahim S. , AbdulHamid Roaa AbdulTawab , Dhahab Amal , Salem Moustafa , Negm Youmna A. , El Attar Nada Mostafa , Abdelfattah Ahmed Assem , Khaliel Mai M. , Moawad Shehab M. , Afifi Ahmed M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIntroductionGallbladder carcinoma (GBC) and cholangiocarcinoma are aggressive forms of cancer developed in the gallbladder and biliary tracts which are related to the liver. This systematic review aimed to highlight the significant association between gallbladder, biliary cancers, and arsenic exposure.MethodsAn extensive search was conducted in Embase, Cochrane, Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science. We included studies that assessed arsenic levels in gallbladder cancer patients, without restrictions on age, sex, or language. Biological samples, such blood, bile, gallbladder tissue, gallstones, and hair were obtained, and arsenic levels were measured. Also, arsenic water and soil concentrations were collected.ResultsA total of 13 studies were included in our review. These studies included 2234 non‐gallbladder carcinoma patients and 22 585 gallbladder carcinoma cases. The participant demographics showed a gender distribution of 862 males and 1845 females, with an age range of 20–75 years. The average body mass index (BMI) was 19.8 kg/m2 for nongallbladder carcinoma patients and 20.1 kg/m2 for gallbladder carcinoma cases. The selected studies examined arsenic concentrations across various biological samples, including blood, hair, gallstones, and bile. Blood arsenic levels ranged from 0.0002 to 0.3893 μg/g and were significantly associated with increased gallbladder carcinoma risk in several studies. Hair also demonstrated a significant correlation, with arsenic concentrations ranging from 0.0002 to 6.9801 μg/g.ConclusionThere is a strong link between arsenic exposure and gallbladder cancer or cholangiocarcinoma. Even chronic exposure to low‐moderate amounts could lead to gallbladder carcinoma. These findings stress the need for more comprehensive and dedicated studies, to control arsenic water/soil levels and seek other preventive measures for this high mortality disease.
頭部外傷を契機に発症した，小児脳静脈洞血栓症2症例(Traumatic cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in pediatric patients: Report of two cases)
Authors: 有未 船登 , 憲太郎 小林 , 亮 佐々木 , 雅人 井上 , 昭夫 木村 
Published: April 2024

要旨　小児の脳静脈洞血栓症（CVST）の発生率は年間0.67人/10万人と稀である。外傷は原因の一つだが広く認識されておらず，しばしば診断が遅れる。頭部外傷後にCVSTを発症した小児症例を2例経験したので報告する。症例1：6歳の女児。遊具から転落後，嘔吐があり受診。CTで後頭骨骨折を認め，経過観察入院した。翌日のCTで急性硬膜外血腫および右横行静脈洞に一致した高吸収域を認め，MRIで右横静脈洞の信号欠損を認めCVSTの診断となった。出血および水頭症の増悪に対して開頭血腫除去術を施行した。その後はMRIで血栓は吸収過程と考えられ，後遺症なく受傷17日目に退院となった。症例2：7歳の女児。遊具から転落後，嘔気が遷延し受傷翌日に受診。CTでは異常所見を認めず帰宅となった。受傷3日目も活気不良が継続し，再検したCTで右横静脈洞に一致して高吸収域がみられ，MRIで右横静脈洞に欠損を認めCVSTの診断となった。ヘパリン投与を開始し血栓の縮小を認め，症状も消失しワーファリンに切り替えて受傷21日目に退院となった。今回の2症例は受傷初期のCTで所見を認めなかったが，症状が遷延したことで再検したCTで静脈洞に一致する高吸収域が出現しCVSTが発覚した。被ばくの懸念から小児では繰り返しのCT撮像は躊躇されるが，症状が遷延する場合CTの再検およびMRIなどでの精査を検討するべきである。
Association of periodontitis with gastrointestinal tract disorders: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Wang Yuqiang , Zhu Jiakang , Tang Ying , Huang Cui 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe bidirectional link of periodontitis (PD) and gastrointestinal tract (GIT) disorders has been investigated in previous epidemiological studies; however, the conclusions still remain controversial. The aim of this study was to comprehensively explore the bidirectional causal effect between PD and various GIT diseases.MethodsBased on summary‐level data of genome‐wide association studies (GWASs), a two‐sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) study was undertaken. Single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with PD or GIT disorders (chronic gastritis [CG], gastric ulcer [GU], duodenal ulcer [DU], gastroesophageal reflux disease [GERD], irritable bowel syndrome [IBS], and diverticular disease of the intestine [DI]) in GWASs were applied as exposure. The primary method employed was the inverse‐variance weighted (IVW) method, and several sensitivity analyses were performed to investigate potential pleiotropy.ResultsWith regard to the investigation of the causality between PD and GIT disorders, the IVW method revealed that there is a causal impact of PD on GU (odds ratio [OR] 1.088; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.036–1.141; adjusted p = 0.004) and DI (OR 0.938; 95% CI, 0.911–0.965; adjusted p = 0.000). However, no significant genetic liability was observed for the causal effect of PD on CG, DU, GERD, and IBS. Furthermore, the primary analysis did not demonstrate a causal effect of GIT disorders on PD.ConclusionThis MR study suggests that PD may be associated with an increased risk of GU and a reduced risk of DI, with possibly limited clinical relevance. Further studies are needed to support the conclusions of this MR study.
Rheological‐based digital approach for gel curve analysis of alcohol ethoxylates
Authors: King Timothy , Caputo Franklin , Hughes Auriana , Barnes Julian 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMany surfactants, such as higher mole alcohol ethoxylates like C12‐15–7EO and C9‐11–8EO, when diluted in water, will form a gel at specific concentrations and temperatures. Gels can be highly viscous and semi‐solid and should be avoided since they take time and energy to disperse once formed. Historically, the creation of gel diagrams or maps for our technical product brochures primarily has depended on visual observation, leading to variable interpretations and inconsistent results over time. Also, completing a gel map for one surfactant grade requires a minimum of one day, due to testing many samples across various concentrations and temperatures. To improve objectivity, consistency, and speed in gel mapping, oscillatory rheology was utilized to identify gels using viscoelastic properties by testing samples prepared at various concentrations. The digitization of the gel mapping technique provides two significant benefits. It offers a rheological‐based approach giving a non‐subjective, digital gel map and it is faster than our visual‐based method. Furthermore, this digital method is consistent with our visual‐based method giving good discrimination between surfactant grades and reproducibility within batches of the same grade. This work also demonstrates the promising potential of utilizing machine learning algorithms to model the rheological behavior of gel maps effectively. R and Python, programming languages widely used for data analysis, graphing, and machine learning, were employed. Overall, the new digital approach presented yields several benefits for surfactant gel behavior study, including a reduction in subjectivity, faster data generation, and increased efficiency in the gel map analysis process.
The potent effect of selenium nanoparticles: insight into the antifungal activity and preservation of postharvest strawberries from gray mold diseases
Authors: Hamouda Ragaa A , Abdel‐Hamid Marwa S , Hagagy Nashwa , Nofal Ashraf M 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDMost microorganisms that cause food decay and the lower the shelf life of foods are fungi. Nanotechnologies can combat various diseases and deal with the application of nanomaterial to target cells or tissues. In this study selenium nanoparticles (Se‐NPs) were synthesized using ascorbic acid and characterized by ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X‐ray diffraction and zeta potential. The different concentrations of As/Se‐NPs were tested against various fungi, including Alternaria linicola, Alternaria padwickii, Botrytis cinerea, Bipolaris sp., Cephalosporium acremonium, Fusarium moniliform and Fusarium semitectum. This study tested the influence of coated As/Se‐NPs on healthy strawberry fruits and those infected with Botrytis cinerea during 16 days of storage, with regard to shelf life, decay percentage, weight loss, total titratable acidity percentage, total soluble solids content (TSS) and anthocyanin content.RESULTSEnergy‐dispersive X‐ray analysis showed only two elements: selenium and oxygen. TEM images showed that the nanoparticles ranged in size between 26 to 39 nm and were rhombohedral in shape. Se‐NPs showed antifungal activity against all tested fungi, the most effective being against Botrytis cinerea, Cephalosporium acremonium and Fusarium semitectum. During storage periods of strawberries fruits coated with As/Se‐NPs, the shelf life was increased, and the number of decaying fruits was less than in control (uncoated) and coated infected fruits. The decline in weight loss was lower in coated fruits than in control fruits.CONCLUSIONThese findings demonstrated that As/Se‐NPs could effectively maintain the postharvest quality of strawberries, even when the fruit was infected with B. cinerea. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Natural history of undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma: Experience from the US Sarcoma Collaborative
Authors: Makris Eleftherios A. , Tran Thuy B. , Delitto Daniel J. , Lee Byrne , Ethun Cecilia G. , Grignol Valerie , Harrison Howard J. , Bedi Meena , Clark Gamblin T. , Tseng Jennifer , Roggin Kevin K. , Chouliaras Konstantinos , Votanopoulos Konstantinos , Cullinan Darren , Fields Ryan C. , Cardona Kenneth , Poultsides George , Kirane Amanda 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundUndifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) is a relatively rare but aggressive neoplasm. We sought to utilize a multi‐institutional US cohort of sarcoma patients to examine predictors of survival and recurrence patterns after resection of UPS.MethodsFrom 2000 to 2016, patients with primary UPS undergoing curative‐intent surgical resection at seven academic institutions were retrospectively reviewed. Epidemiologic and clinicopathologic factors were reviewed by site of origin. Overall survival (OS), recurrence‐free survival (RFS), time‐to‐locoregional (TTLR), time‐to‐distant recurrence (TTDR), and patterns of recurrence were analyzed.ResultsOf the 534 UPS patients identified, 53% were female, with a median age of 60 and median tumor size of 8.5 cm. The median OS, RFS, TTLR, and TTDR for the entire cohort were 109, 49, 86, and 46 months, respectively. There were no differences in these survival outcomes between extremity and truncal UPS. Compared with truncal, extremity UPS were more commonly amenable to R0 resection (87% vs. 75%, p = 0.017) and less commonly associated with lymph node metastasis (1% vs. 6%, p = 0.031). R0 resection and radiation treatment, but not site of origin (extremity vs. trunk) were independent predictors of OS and RFS. TTLR recurrence was shorter for UPS resected with a positive margin and for tumors not treated with radiation.ConclusionFor patients with resected extremity and truncal UPS, tumor size >5 cm and positive resection margin are associated with worse survival OS and RFS, irrespectively the site of origin. R0 surgical resection and radiation treatment may help improve these survival outcomes.
Off‐label use of rituximab for dermatologic conditions: A single center review
Authors: Porter Emma , Finnegan Paula , Long Amy , Bourke John F. , Murphy Michelle , O'Connor Cathal 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundRituximab (RTX) has been utilised off‐label for a variety of dermatological indications beyond pemphigus vulgaris. Efficacy has been reported in other immunobullous disorders, inflammatory dermatoses and connective tissue diseases.ObjectivesTo assess the off‐label use of RTX in our centre with respect to indications, frequency and duration of treatment, efficacy, and adverse events.MethodsCharts were retrospectively reviewed for all patients who received dermatologist‐prescribed RTX infusions off‐label at our centre between 2009 and 2022. Efficacy was categorised based on reported percentage reduction of disease activity: very good (75%–100%), good (50%–74%), partial (25%–49%) and none (0%–24%).ResultsTwenty‐nine patients received RTX off‐label during this time period. Infusions were discontinued in 28% (n = 8), due to insufficient clinical response. Median treatment duration for those on 6‐12‐monthly regular infusions was 2.4 years (range 0.5–11 years). Indications included cutaneous lupus (n = 9), mucous membrane pemphigoid (n = 5), pyoderma gangrenosum (n = 6), lichen planus (n = 2), dermatomyositis (n = 1), livedoid vasculitis (n = 1), sarcoidosis (n = 1), bullous pemphigoid (n = 1), pemphigus vulgaris, foliaceus and vegetans (n = 1 each). Clinical improvement was documented in 79% (n = 23); very good in 48% (n = 14), good in 17% (n = 5), and moderate in 14% (n = 4). Clinical efficacy in immunobullous disorders was 100% (9/9), 67% in cutaneous lupus (6/9), 33% in pyoderma gangrenosum (2/6), and 50% in lichen planus (1/2). No side effects were documented for 79% (n = 23). Adverse peri‐infusion events were seen in three patients (10%). Four patients died during follow up; one due to neutropenic sepsis with a background of advanced malignancy, and three due to Covid‐19. ConclusionsRTX was prescribed for multiple off‐label dermatological indications, often for recalcitrant disease. Responses were good overall, with a reassuring safety profile. Three patients died of Covid‐19; knowledge of the impact of RTX on the immune response and efficacy of vaccines is expanding and will continue to inform guidelines for RTX use in the post‐Covid era.
The Comparative Diagnostic Capability of Large Language Models in Otolaryngology
Authors: Warrier Akshay , Singh Rohan , Haleem Afash , Zaki Haider , Eloy Jean Anderson 
Published: April 2024

ObjectivesEvaluate and compare the ability of large language models (LLMs) to diagnose various ailments in otolaryngology.MethodsWe collected all 100 clinical vignettes from the second edition of Otolaryngology Cases—The University of Cincinnati Clinical Portfolio by Pensak et al. With the addition of the prompt “Provide a diagnosis given the following history,” we prompted ChatGPT‐3.5, Google Bard, and Bing‐GPT4 to provide a diagnosis for each vignette. These diagnoses were compared to the portfolio for accuracy and recorded. All queries were run in June 2023.ResultsChatGPT‐3.5 was the most accurate model (89% success rate), followed by Google Bard (82%) and Bing GPT (74%). A chi‐squared test revealed a significant difference between the three LLMs in providing correct diagnoses (p = 0.023). Of the 100 vignettes, seven require additional testing results (i.e., biopsy, non‐contrast CT) for accurate clinical diagnosis. When omitting these vignettes, the revised success rates were 95.7% for ChatGPT‐3.5, 88.17% for Google Bard, and 78.72% for Bing‐GPT4 (p = 0.002).ConclusionsChatGPT‐3.5 offers the most accurate diagnoses when given established clinical vignettes as compared to Google Bard and Bing‐GPT4. LLMs may accurately offer assessments for common otolaryngology conditions but currently require detailed prompt information and critical supervision from clinicians. There is vast potential in the clinical applicability of LLMs; however, practitioners should be wary of possible “hallucinations” and misinformation in responses.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 134:3997–4002, 2024
Complementing seedling planting with nucleation techniques increases forest restoration potential in areas around bauxite mining
Authors: Fonseca Wesley da Silva , Martins Sebastião Venâncio , Fioresi Enzo Mauro , Villa Pedro Manuel 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe soil seed bank is one of the most important ecological indicators to evaluate and monitor the ecological restoration process of plant communities. We aimed to analyze the influence of two different ecological restoration techniques on the diversity and floristic composition of the soil seed bank and of standing vegetation, in two 4‐year‐old areas under forest restoration around bauxite mining, Southeast Brazil. A total of 30 soil samples were collected in each area (SPN—forest restoration by seedling planting in rows and nucleation techniques between planting rows and SP—forest restoration by seedling planting in rows). The samples were transported to a shade house and evaluated for 6 months, where germinated individuals were counted and identified weekly. A floristic census of shrub/tree species was conducted to assess the diversity of standing vegetation. The results indicated that the soil seed banks of the two areas are floristically similar (predominance of pioneer, herbaceous, and native origin species). The two restoration techniques did not differ in their effects on the species composition of the soil seed bank, mainly due to the restoration age. However, when analyzing the standing vegetation, 38 species were recorded in SPN, while only 20 species were in SP. This result demonstrates that nucleation techniques contributed to the increase in species diversity in SPN. We conclude that combining seedling planting in rows with nucleation techniques (topsoil transposition, direct seeding, and artificial perches) can enhance species diversity in standing vegetation, improve forest functionality, and consequently enhance the potential for forest restoration.