bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Losing weight plus vitamin B12 following semaglutide administration? A case of false B12 deficiency
Authors: Rizos Evangelos C , Johnson Elizabeth O , Nikolousis Emmanouil , Tsimihodimos Vasileios , Kolios George , Anastasiou Georgia , Ntzani Evangelia E 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Semaglutide is increasingly used to lose weight. We describe a case of an obese woman with unremarkable medical history. Following semaglutide administration, she managed to lose 10 kg over a period of 8 months, but B12 levels were markedly decreased. She had a series of previous annual tests including B12 results during routine check-up, which were performed in the same laboratory of the university hospital of Ioannina in Greece and consistently found normal B12 levels. She is not vegetarian, she had no symptoms or signs related to macrocytosis, anemia or B12 deficiency, blood smear examination did not reveal macro-ovalocytes, tear-drop cells, polychromatophilia, or hyper-segmented neutrophils, and the reticulocyte, white blood cell and platelet counts were within the normal range. We additionally measured homocysteine and methylmalonic acid which were within the normal range, whereas the antibodies against intrinsic factor were also negative. B12 levels are commonly measured using competitive binding immunoenzymatic assay. We postulate that for assays employing antibodies, a possibility exists for interference by heterophile antibodies boosted by semaglutide. Importantly, in diabetic patients semaglutide follows the introduction of metformin, which is frequently associated with low B12 levels, and in those cases, we tend to attribute low B12 levels only to metformin.
Spatiotemporal characteristics and driving mechanisms of coupling coordination of pseudo human settlements in urban agglomeration in eastern China
Authors: Tian shenzhen , wu wenmei , Li xueming , Wang yadan , Yang jun , Cong xueping 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The information technology revolution has changed people's original way of production and life, and the pseudo human settlements (PHS) constructed through digital and information have thoroughly permeated and influenced individuals' daily lives. However, the theoretical foundation and practical research on the interrelationships and interactions of the systems of the PHS are not yet mature, consequently, establishing a theoretical framework for the coupling coordination of PHS and empirically analyzing the spatiotemporal characteristics of coupling coordination in the urban agglomeration of eastern China and the driving mechanism, employing models such as coupling coordination. The results demonstrate that PHS within the urban agglomeration of eastern China displays a temporal upward trend resembling an "inverted L," a spatial trend of "high in the north and low in the south," and a positively correlated spatial cluster trend. The center of gravity of the coupling coordination degree tends to shift from the northeast to the southwest, suggesting a faster growth of the coupling coordination degree in the southwest direction compared to the northeast. The coupling coordination of PHS results from the combined influence of multiple factors and systems, and the optimization and enhancement of the PHS need to be based on the reality human settlements (RHS).
2,5-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde in lettuce latex inhibits insect detoxification enzymes in Spodoptera litura larvae
Authors: Gu Chengzhen , Zeng Bixue , Wang Mengmeng , Zhang Yujia , Yan Chengxi , Lin Yangzheng , Khan Afsar , Zeng Ren-Sen , Song Yuan-Yuan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Plant latex is a sticky emulsion exuded from laticifer once the plant is damaged. Latex is an essential component of plant defense against herbivores. Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) in the compositae family has relatively fewer insect herbivores compared with other leaf vegetables. Our bioassay showed that the larvae of a generalist lepidopteran pest Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) avoided feeding on living lettuce plants. However, the larvae rapidly damaged the excised leaves unable to produce latex. The methanol extract of lettuce latex exhibited antifeedant activity. Six compounds were isolated from lettuce latex. They were identified as 2,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (1), 3β-hydroxy-4,15-dehydrograndolide (2), annuolide D (3), lactucin (4), lactucopicrin (5), and hanphyllin (6). Bioassays showed that compounds 1 (2,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde) and 6 (hanphyllin, a sesquiterpene lactone) inhibited larval growth of S. litura at the concentration of 100 µg/g. RNA-seq analyses showed that larval exposure to compound 1 down-regulated the genes associated with heterobiotic metabolism including drug metabolism-cytochrome P450, metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450, retinol metabolism, glutathione metabolism, drug metabolism-other enzymes (mainly uridine diphosphate glucuronyltransferase, UGTs). RT-qPCR further confirmed that 33 genes in the family of carboxylesterase (CarE), P450s and UGTs were down-regulated by compound 1. The activities of CarE, P450s and UGTs in the larvae fed on diets containing compound 1 were significantly lower than those fed on control diets. These findings suggest that secondary metabolites including 2,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde in the latex plays a key role in protection of lettuce from insect herbivory.
Underwater Small Target Detection Based on Improved YOLOv7 Model
Authors: Qu Shenming , Cui Can , Duan Jiale , Lu Yongyong , Pang Zilong 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In the domain of marine environmental engineering, rapid and precise detection of underwater targets holds substantial significance. However, extant technologies for object detection are plagued by diminished accuracy and protracted processing speed when tasked with identifying occluded and diminutive targets in aquatic settings. In response to these impediments, this article has made innovative improvements on the basis of YOLOv7 to improve these issues. Firstly, we designed a G-ELAN module, which convolves low-level features and multiplies them element by element with high-level features, achieving multi-level feature fusion and effectively reducing target occlusion interference caused by underwater plankton. Secondly, the Residual-FasterNet module was proposed, which integrates residual strategies based on the T-shaped receptive field of FasterNet. This amalgamation enhances the model's ability to capture small target features. Evaluations conducted on the URPC2021 public dataset and the Zhanjiang competition dataset corroborate that our YOLOv7-GR model surpasses prevailing advanced methodologies in performance.The source code will be made publicly available at https://github.com/zzuilcc/YOLOv7-GR.git}{https://github.com/zzuilcc/YOLOv7-GR.git.
Gravity currents moving over a sediment bed: suspension criteria and bed forms
Authors: Maggi Maria Rita , Negretti Maria Eletta , Martin Antoine , Naaim-Bouvet Florence , Hopfinger Emil J. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In many natural situations, gravity currents flow over a mobile sediment bed as in riverine inflows into lakes and reservoirs or in submarine canyons in coastal regions. We present experimental results which clarify the near-bed physical processes of sediment suspension, bedform development, as well as the effect of the erodible bed on the mean flow structure of the current. Compared with the flow over a fixed bed, the vertical velocity is negative above the mobile bed, indicating therefore slip with an increase in horizontal flux close to the sediment bed. The sediment suspension criteria and suspension capacity established, allow prediction of the spatial change in sediment flux up to maximum suspension capacity, in good agreement with experimental results of [1] as well as with the present sediment flux measured toward the end of the sediment bed. Effects of local bursts, here intermittently caused by interfacial instability, tend to increase sediment suspension by related increase in local shear velocity. Concerning bed forms, near bed scaling criteria suggest that in the present study the bedform consists of ripples with the measured wave length being in agreement with criteria given by [2]. An expression for the ripple growth is given in relation with the theoretical criteria of [3].
Social comparison as a behaviour change technique: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials across scientific disciplines
Authors: Hoppen Thole , Cuno Rieke , Nelson Janna , Lemmel Frederike , Schlechter Pascal , Morina Nexhmedin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Social comparison is a fundamental mechanism that enables humans to navigate the complexities of our ever-changing world. Moreover, social comparison can serve as a powerful mechanism for promoting behaviour change. Research on social comparison as a behaviour change technique (SC-BCT) has increased significantly during the last decades. We summarized the literature on SC-BCTs with a pre-registered and theory-guided systematic review and meta-analysis across scientific disciplines (PROSPERO: blinded). Seventy randomized controlled trials (RCTs N = 1,323,478) were included in quantitative synthesis and 15 further RCTs were included in narrative synthesis. SC-BCTs were effective both at short- and long-term in changing performance behaviour, health-related behaviour, and climate change mitigation behaviour with small-to-moderate pooled effects. The number of intervention sessions was associated positively with outcomes. Magnitude of effects needs to be interpreted in the context of very low-cost interventions (e.g., sending two letters in total) and scalability. Implications for future research are discussed.
Differential Cardiac Responses After Passive Leg Raising: A Brief Report
Authors: CASTRO RICARDO , Kattan Eduardo , Hernandez Glenn , Bakker Jan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose This study retrospectively examined the hemodynamic effects of passive leg raising (PLR) in mechanically ventilated patients during fluid removal, prior to spontaneous breathing trials. In previous studies, we had noticed varying cardiac responses after PLR completion, particularly in positive tests.
Methods Using a bioreactance monitor, we recorded and analyzed hemodynamic parameters, including stroke volume and cardiac index (CI), before and after PLR in post-acute ICU patients.
Results We included 27 patients who underwent 60 PLR procedures. In preload-unresponsive patients, no significant CI changes were observed (CIt—6 = 3.5 ± 1.5 vs CIt9 = 2.9 ± 1.2; p =0.361), while in preload-responsive patients, two distinct CI response types to PLR were identified: a transient peak with immediate return to baseline (CIt—6 = 2.7 ± 0.7 vs CIt9 = 3.1 ± 1.1; p = 0.282) and a sustained CI elevation lasting beyond the PLR maneuver (CIt—6 = 2.6 ± 0.7 vs CIt9 = 3.6 ± 0.4; p = 0.002). The latter was particularly noted when ΔCI during PLR exceeded 25%.
Conclusion Our findings suggest that in certain preload-responsive patients, PLR can induce a more sustained increase in CI, indicating a possible persistent hemodynamic effect, potentially due to a combination of autotransfusion and sympathetic activation affecting venous return. Further research in larger cohorts and more comprehensive hemodynamic assessments are warranted to validate these observations and to elucidate the possible underlying mechanisms. Bioreactance provides a noninvasive yet effective method for hemodynamic monitoring in the post-resuscitation phase of care.
Surge of group waterborne and foodborne diseases from increased norovirus GII.4 transmission in Seoul childcare centers and kindergartens in 2022
Authors: Son Euncheol , Kim Young-Hoon 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Norovirus is the most common cause of group waterborne and foodborne diseases (GWFD) in childcare centers and kindergartens. Its high transmissibility is partly due to its genetic diversity. GWFD cases that occurred in Seoul childcare centers and kindergartens from 2019 to 2022 were investigated, and 68 epidemiological reports prepared by public health centers in Seoul were used for data collection. In the three quarters of 2022, there were 40 cases of GWFD in Seoul childcare centers and kindergartens, which exceeded the 35 total cases that occurred during the previous three years. The proportion of Seoul childcare centers and kindergartens with GWFD cases increased from 12.6% in 2019 to 58.8% in 2022. Norovirus was the most common pathogen responsible for GWFD in these cases. From 2019 to 2021, norovirus GII.2 was the predominant genotype, and GII.4 was detected in about 25% of cases. However, in 2022, GII.4 became predominant and was detected in about 79% of cases. The attack rate and infection source of GWFD cases from 2019 to 2021 were not significantly different from those in 2022. In conclusion, the number of GWFD cases in Seoul childcare centers and kindergartens significantly increased, primarily because of increased norovirus GII.4. transmission in 2022.
Educational Attainment and Supraventricular Tachycardia: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Xu Ruochen , Zhong Zhuen , Chen Qiushi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this study was to explore whether there was a causal relationship between educational attainment (EA) and supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.
Method: A two‐sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using the inverse‐
variance weighted (IVW), weighted median, MR‐Egger regression, simple model, weighted mode and MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO) methods were performed. A mediation analysis using multivariate MR methods was also conducted. We used the publicly available summary statistics data sets of genome‐ wide association studies (GWAS) meta‐analyses for EA in individuals of European descent (n = 766 345; SSGAC consortium) as the exposure and a GWAS for Diagnoses - main ICD10: I47.1 SVT from the individuals included in the UK Biobank (total n = 463 010; case = 1306, control = 461704) as the outcome.
Results: The IVW analysis results supported an inverse causative association between EA and SVT (β=−0.0018, SE=0.00066, p=0.0066), which was consistent with the results of weighted median, as well as MR-PRESSO. Common cardiovascular risk factors such as body mass index (BMI), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and smoking behaviour did not mediate the association between EA and SVT.
Conclusion: The results of MR analysis suggest a potential negative causal association between EA and the occurrence of SVT.
Dynamic PET Reveals Compartmentalized Brain and Lung Tissue Antibiotic Exposures
Authors: Jain Sanjay , Chen Xueyi , Arun Bhavatharini , Meza Oscar Nino , Sarhan Mona , Singh Medha , Jeon Byeonghoon , Mane Kishor , Shah Maunank , Tucker Elizabeth , Carroll Laurence , Freundlich Joel , Peloquin Charles , Ivaturi Vijay 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading cause of death, but antibiotic treatments for tuberculous meningitis, the deadliest form of TB, are based on those developed for pulmonary TB and not optimized for brain penetration. Here, we performed first-in-human dynamic 18F-pretomanid positron emission tomography (PET) studies in eight human subjects for three-dimensional, multi-compartmental in situ visualization of antibiotic concentration-time exposures (area under the curve – AUC), demonstrating preferential brain (AUCtissue/plasma 2.25) versus lung (AUCtissue/plasma 0.97) tissue partitioning. Preferential, antibiotic-specific partitioning into brain or lung tissues of antibiotics active against MDR strains were confirmed in experimentally-infected mice and rabbits, using dynamic PET with chemically identical antibiotic radioanalogs, and postmortem mass spectrometry measurements. PET-facilitated pharmacokinetic modeling predicted human dosing necessary to attain therapeutic brain exposures in human subjects. These data were used to design optimized, pretomanid-based regimens which were evaluated at human equipotent dosing in a mouse model of TB meningitis, demonstrating excellent bactericidal activity without an increase in intracerebral inflammation or brain injury. Importantly, several antibiotic regimens demonstrated discordant activities in brain and lung tissues in the same animal, correlating with the compartmentalized tissue exposures of the component antibiotics. These data provide a mechanistic basis for the compartmentalized activities of antibiotic regimens, with important implications for the development of antimicrobial regimens for meningitis and other infections in compartments with unique antibiotic penetration.
CPI and PPI: Who drives who in the time-frequency space?
Authors: Bidan Marie , MESTRE Roman 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between Consumer Price Index and Producer Price Index across various business cycles in France. Concerning methodological aspects of this paper, we apply partial continuous wavelets transforms to perform time-frequencies analysis to remove the effect of the monetary trend on this relationship. The results indicate a positive relationship between CPI and PPI, during economic crisis, particularly at the mid-term. With partial wavelet coherence to consider the monetary mass, we analyze the long-term relationship between the two indexes. The phase-difference interpretation exhibits a lead of PPI over CPI.
JEL codes : C54; E31; E32; E02 ; E50
Structural brain alterations in persistent developmental stuttering: a whole- brain voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis of grey and white matter
Authors: Shojaeilangari Seyedehsamaneh , Taghizadeh Mohammad Ehsan , Radman Narges 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Persistent developmental stuttering (PDS), known as childhood-onset speech fluency disorder involves, significant involuntary problems in normal fluency such as repetition and prolongation of sounds, syllables, or words, as well as silence for certain syllables or words, or pauses within a word. Given the significance of brain morphological abnormalities in unraveling the origins of various neurological disorders, the scientific community has displayed a longstanding fascination with the advancement of structural neuroimaging methods like voxel-based morphometry (VBM). Despite numerous investigations using structural neuroimaging techniques to examine alterations in brain structure associated with stuttering, the precise brain regions predominantly affected by this speech disorder remain unclear. Here, adults with PDS (n = 15) and fluent speakers (n = 15) carefully matched based on age, sex, education, and hand preference were examined utilizing MRI scans to detect possible brain volumetric abnormalities in the stuttering group compared to the healthy control group. Using a whole-brain VBM technique, the brains of adults with PDS and normal subjects were compared concerning grey matter (GM) and white matter (WM) volume differences. Our investigation revealed a reduction in WM volume within the cerebellum. Moreover, we observed increased GM volumes in two specific regions: the right Superior Frontal Gyrus (SFG) and the left Middle Temporal Gyrus (MTG). Conversely, a decrease in GM volume was observed in the left SFG, bilateral paracentral lobule, the right cuneus and the right cerebellum. These findings strengthen the potential significance of brain structures in persistent stuttering.
Antitumorigenic effect of combination treatment with BRAF inhibitor and cisplatin in colorectal cancer in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Koumaki Kassandra , Skarmalioraki Salomi , Kosmidou Vivian , Krikoni Lida , Goulielmaki Maria , Zoumpourlis Vassilis , Pintzas Alexander , Souliotis Vassilis L. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
In colorectal cancer (CRC), BRAF inhibitor (BRAFi) monotherapy appears ineffective, while cisplatin treatment is associated with adverse effects, drug resistance and reduced efficacy. Herein, we seek to explore a combinatorial approach to increase the likelihood of effectively killing colorectal cancer cells.
Methods
We examined the combined effect of BRAFi (PLX4720, Vemurafenib, Dabrafenib, Encorafenib) and cisplatin treatment in BRAFV600E-mutated (RKO, HT29, Colo-205) and BRAFwt (Caco-2) cell lines, as well as in mouse xenografts of RKO cells.
Results
Following cisplatin-only treatment, all cell lines showed accumulation within subG1 (apoptotic cells) and G2/M phases, as well as phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and H2AX. Following BRAFi-only treatment, BRAFV600E-mutated cells showed accumulation within G0/G1 phase, reduced distribution in the S and G2/M phases, inhibition of ERK1/2 phosphorylation and increased phosphorylation of H2AX. BRAFi had no effect on BRAFwt Caco-2 cell line. Combined BRAFi and cisplatin treatment synergistically decreased RKO cells viability, reduced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and increased phosphorylation of H2AX. Importantly, in mouse xenografts of RKO cells, combined PLX4720 and cisplatin treatment showed superior therapeutic potential than each monotherapy (P < 0.001).
Conclusion
In in vitro and in vivo preclinical models, BRAFi and cisplatin combined treatment has shown an improved antitumor effect, rendering it a potential anticancer treatment strategy for BRAF-mutant colon cancer patients.
Characterization of Krüppel-like factor 3 expression in T lymphocytes in septic mice
Authors: Yan Miao , Chi Dongxuan , Wang Wen , Pei Pei , Xie Min , Li Shuangling 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Krüppel-like factor 3 (KLF3) may be involved in the regulation of inflammatory responses and lymphocyte function. Moreover, immune dysfunction in sepsis involves both hyperinflammatory responses and immunosuppression. However, studies on T-lymphocyte KLF3 expression characteristics in sepsis are lacking.
Methods
We induced sepsis in mice through cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) and evaluated their survival rate over 7 days. To identify the immune status of the septic mice, we assessed their cytokine levels, organ damage scores, and splenic T-lymphocyte phenotype. Finally, KLF3 expression in T lymphocytes was detected through flow cytometry.
Results
Over the 7 days of observation, septic mice demonstrated 64.7% mortality. In the early stages after CLP, the proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine levels increased rapidly, multiple organ damage occurred, and splenic T lymphocytes became activated (with an increase in the proportions of CD69+ cells and mean fluorescence intensity for CD71). However, the proportion of KLF3+ T lymphocytes decreased. Subsequently, cytokine levels and lymphocyte activation decreased. An increase in cell apoptosis led to a substantial loss of T lymphocytes. Considering the continual elevations in serum interleukin 10 and interleukin 6 levels and worsening severe organ damage, the septic mice may have entered a state of chronic inflammation and immunosuppression, with a simultaneous increase in KLF3 expression in T lymphocytes, in the later stages after CLP.
Conclusions
In septic mice, T-lymphocyte KLF3 expression decreased in the early stage after CLP (i.e., systemic inflammatory response and T-lymphocyte activation stage) but increased in the later stage (i.e., chronic inflammation and immunosuppression stage). As such, KLF3 may be a promising target for dynamic immune monitoring and immunomodulatory therapy for sepsis.