bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A cytochrome c containing nitrate reductase plays a role in electron transport for denitrification in Thermus thermophilus without involvement of the bc respiratory complex
Authors: Cava Felipe , Zafra Olga , Berenguer José 
Published: August 2008

SummaryThe bc1 respiratory complex III constitutes a key energy‐conserving respiratory electron transporter between complex I (type I NADH dehydrogenase) and II (succinate dehydrogenase) and the final nitrogen oxide reductases (Nir, Nor and Nos) in most denitrifying bacteria. However, we show that the expression of complex III from Thermus thermophilus is repressed under denitrification, and that its role as electron transporter is replaced by an unusual nitrate reductase (Nar) that contains a periplasmic cytochrome c (NarC). Several lines of evidence support this conclusion: (i) nitrite and NO are as effective signals as nitrate for the induction of Nar; (ii) narC mutants are defective in anaerobic growth with nitrite, NO and N2O; (iii) such mutants present decreased NADH oxidation coupled to these electron acceptors; and (iv) complementation assays of the mutants reveal that the membrane‐distal heme c of NarC was necessary for anaerobic growth with nitrite, whereas the membrane‐proximal heme c was not. Finally, we show evidence to support that Nrc, the main NADH oxidative activity in denitrification, interacts with Nar through their respective membrane subunits. Thus, we propose the existence of a Nrc‐Nar respiratory super‐complex that is required for the development of the whole denitrification pathway in T. thermophilus.
Haplotype divergence in Beta vulgaris and microsynteny with sequenced plant genomes
Authors: Dohm Juliane C. , Lange Cornelia , Reinhardt Richard , Himmelbauer Heinz 
Published: August 2008

SummaryWe characterized two overlapping sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones representing different haplotypes. A total of 254 kbp of the genomic sequence was determined, of which the two BACs share 92 kbp. Eleven of 15 genes discovered in the sequenced interval locate to the overlap region. The haplotypes differ in exons by 1% (nucleotide level) and in non‐coding regions by 9% (6% mismatches, 3% gaps; alignable regions only). Large indels or high sequence divergence comprised 11% of either sequence. Of such indels, 68 and 45%, respectively, could be attributed to haplotype‐specific integration of transposable elements. We identified novel repeat candidates by comparing the two BAC sequences to a set of genomic sugar beet sequences. Synteny was found with Arabidopsis chromosome 1 (At1), At2 and At4, Medicago chromosome 7, Vitis chromosome 15 and paralogous regions on poplar chromosomes II and XIV.
Scanning Electron Microscopy of the Infection Process of Cercospora henningsii on Cassava Leaves
Authors: Babu Ahmed M. , Philip Tomy , Kariappa Bolacaranda K. , Kamble Chandrakanth K. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractGermination, penetration and sporulation of Cercospora henningsii (Allesch.) on cassava leaves were studied by scanning electron microscopy. Conidia started to germinate 9 h postinoculation producing one to two germ tubes. The germ tubes entered the leaf tissue through the abaxial surface by direct penetration of the epidermis without forming appressoria. The cassava leaf is characterized by its papillose epidermis on the abaxial surface. The penetrations occurred at smooth areas of the leaf epidermis between the papillae. The germ tubes did not enter stomata even when they passed over stomatal openings. Leaf spots started to appear 9 days after the inoculation (dpi), and the emergence of conidia occurred 14 dpi. The symptoms appeared first on the abaxial leaf surface, followed 2 days later on the adaxial. Conidia emerged in clusters through ruptured epidermis on both sides of the leaves. Conidia emerged also through the epidermal papillae and the leaf veins. Even though small groups of conidia emerged through stomata also, emergence through stomata appeared to be random rather than a preferred route. Each conidium was born on a short conidiophore with a swollen base.
Low levels of awareness, vaccine coverage, and the need for boosters among health care workers in tertiary care hospitals in India
Authors: Sukriti  , Pati Nirupma Trehan , Sethi Ankur , Agrawal Kireet , Agrawal Kamal , Kumar Gollapudi Tharun , Kumar Manoj , Kaanan Anjur Tupil , Sarin Shiv Kumar 
Published: August 2008

AbstractBackground and Aim:  The risk of acquiring hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection through exposure to blood or its products is highest amongst health care workers (HCWs). Despite potential risks, a proportion of HCWs never get vaccinated. India is second to China in the numbers of people with chronic HBV. This study aimed to investigate the vaccination practices and the prevalence of HBV infection in HCWs in India.Methods:  A total of 2162 HCWs were screened for the presence of serological markers of HBV and hepatitis C virus (HCV). Occult HBV infection was tested by detection of HBV‐DNA for surface and core regions by nested polymerase chain reaction in HBsAg‐negative and IgG anti‐hepatitis core antigen–positive subjects.Results:  Only 1198 (55.4%) of the 2162 HCWs screened had been vaccinated; and 964 (44.6%) were not vaccination‐status conscious; of these HCWs, 600 (27.7%) had never been vaccinated and 364 (16.4%) were unaware of their vaccination status. Protective (> 10 IU/mL) anti‐hepatitis B surface (anti‐HBs) antigen titers were seen in only 61.7%. The anti‐HBs titers were found to be lower with the passage of time; the median anti‐HBs titers in subjects who were vaccinated > 10 years ago were significantly lower than those who had been vaccinated < 5 years ago (P < 0.001). One percent of HCWs were HBsAg‐positive, and 24.7% of 700 HCWs screened had past exposure (IgG‐anti‐HBc‐positive). Occult HBV was detected in 5% of 120 positive subjects with past exposure; all had anti‐HBs titers > 10 IU/mL.Conclusions:  Even today, 28% HCWs in India are unvaccinated and 17% are unaware of their vaccination status. This data suggests that use of hepatitis B immune globulin be mandatory in needle‐pricked HCWs in India, and that implementation of awareness strategies is urgent. Since the anti‐HBs titers decline in a fair proportion, there is justification for giving a booster dose of vaccine 10 years after primary vaccination to HCWs in India.
Myomectomy during pregnancy: A feasible option
Authors: Bhatla Neerja , Dash Biswa Bhushan , Kriplani Alka , Agarwal Nutan 
Published: August 2008

AbstractMyomectomy is rarely performed during an ongoing pregnancy because of fear of pregnancy loss and the risk of uncontrolled hemorrhage necessitating hysterectomy. Even now, few cases are performed during pregnancy and most cases have been performed at the time of Cesarean section. A case of successful myomectomy performed in the second trimester for a large subserous fibroid, weighing 3900 g and causing severe pressure symptoms and subacute intestinal obstruction, is described. The pregnancy continued uneventfully until term.
Critical ischemic time for the rat ovary: Experimental study evaluating early histopathologic changes
Authors: Coskun Ayhan , Coban Yusuf Kenan , Ciralik Harun 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to determine a critical ischemic time for ovary in an experimental study in rats. An experimental model using slip‐knot tying of all ovarian arteries and veins in cycling female rats was developed. Rat ovaries were tied using the technique through an explorative laparotomy. Complete ischemia times of 1, 2 and 3 h were used for the study. At the end of the ischemic times, the ovaries were harvested following 1 h of reperfusion. Histology indicated a gradually increased congestion correlating with the respective increased ischemic times. According to the present findings 2 h complete ischemia yields a significant injury. The model used in the present study may be used for complete ischemia–reperfusion injury of the rat ovary.
Diversity and expression of nitrogen fixation genes in bacterial symbionts of marine sponges
Authors: Mohamed Naglaa M. , Colman Albert S. , Tal Yossi , Hill Russell T. 
Published: August 2008

SummaryMarine sponges contain complex assemblages of bacterial symbionts, the roles of which remain largely unknown. We identified diverse bacterial nifH genes within sponges and found that nifH genes are expressed in sponges. This is the first demonstration of the expression of any protein‐coding bacterial gene within a sponge. Two sponges Ircinia strobilina and Mycale laxissima were collected from Key Largo, Florida and had δ15N values of c. 0–1‰ and 3–4‰ respectively. The potential for nitrogen fixation by symbionts was assessed by amplification of nifH genes. Diverse nifH genes affiliated with Proteobacteria and Cyanobacteria were detected, and expression of nifH genes affiliated with those from cyanobacteria was detected. The nifH genes from surrounding seawater were similar to those of Trichodesmium and clearly different from the cyanobacterial nifH genes detected in the two sponges. This study advances understanding of the role of bacterial symbionts in sponges and suggests that provision of fixed nitrogen is a means whereby symbionts benefit sponges in nutrient‐limited reef environments. Nitrogen fixation by sponge symbionts is possibly an important source of new nitrogen to the reef environment that heretofore has been neglected and warrants further investigation.
Peer advisers compared with specialist health professionals in delivering a training programme on self‐management to people with diabetes: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Baksi A. K. , Al‐Mrayat M. , Hogan D. , Whittingstall E. , Wilson P. , Wex J. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractAims  To assess the effectiveness and acceptability of peer advisers in diabetes in delivering a programme of training on self‐management for people with diabetes.Methods  Adults with diabetes were randomly allocated to an education programme delivered either by trained peer advisers or by specialist health professionals. The primary outcome measure was change in knowledge tested before and at the conclusion of the four courses, each consisting of six sessions. Glycated haemoglobin and Diabetes Care Profile were assessed at baseline and at 6 months. Sessional and end‐of‐course evaluation responses were analysed, as was the attendance record.Results  Eighty‐three patients were randomized. Of these, 14 failed to attend and two were excluded. Knowledge scores improved significantly in both groups, but there was no difference between the groups for any of the knowledge domains. No difference was noted in the Diabetes Care Profiles or in glycated haemoglobin. The attendance record was similar in both groups. In the post‐sessional evaluations, both groups scored highly, with the health professionals significantly more so. The post‐course questionnaire exploring patients’ understanding and confidence in self‐management of specific aspects of diabetes care revealed no difference between the groups.Conclusions  Trained patients are as effective in imparting knowledge to their peers as specialist health professionals. Both are also acceptable to patients as trainers. However, lay tutors require to be given appropriate training, specific to the education programme they would be expected to deliver.
THE RECEPTION OF DIONYSIUS UP TO MAXIMUS THE CONFESSOR
Authors: LOUTH ANDREW 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThere are various odd features about the initial reception of the Corpus Dionysiacum in the sixth century. The reception was, at first, slow and mainly concerned the few, controversial Christological assertions of the CD. The influence of the CD was mediated through a single edition, complete with introduction, variant readings, and scholia, all furnished by John of Scythopolis. The initial reception of the CD in the Syriac world seems very different: independent (at least to begin with) of Scythopolis’ edition, and deeply Origenistic. Yet, in other ways, the CD reflects the kind of historical interests we find elsewhere in the sixth century.
ALBERT, AQUINAS, AND DIONYSIUS
Authors: BURRELL DAVID , MOULIN ISABELLE 
Published: August 2008

AbstractBeyond the usual distinction between East and West, Albert the Great and Thomas Aquinas stand not only as commentators, but also appear to be close readers, of Dionysius' works. While Albert's own metaphysics of the Good tends to underline the diffusive dimension of the Good in a creation conceived of as an emanation, Thomas uses Dionysius to elaborate his notion of God as a free creator and to define His unique relation to creatures. If Albert's own via negativa is closer to Dionysius than one might have expected, it nonetheless stands within the same scope as Thomas' conception of proximity to God, as they both borrow the Dionysian exitus/reditus pattern to offer a divinization process of salvation through peace and praise.
DIONYSIUS AND SOME LATE MEDIEVAL MYSTICAL THEOLOGIANS OF NORTHERN EUROPE
Authors: TURNER DENYS 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThough the authority of Dionysius as a virtually apostolic theological source remains unchallenged in the late Middle Ages, ownership of his inheritance is much disputed, in connection with two issues of “mystical theology” principally. The first controversy (broadly between “Intellectualist” and “affectivist” readings of Dionysius' Mystical Theology) concerns whether the soul, united to God by grace, is made one with God principally by knowledge or by love. The second controversy is well exemplified by the disagreement between Jean Gerson and Denys the Carthusian as to whether Ruusbroec's account of the nature of that union of the soul with God amounts to a heretical extinction of the identity of the created soul. But both Gerson's critique of Ruusbroec and Denys the Carthusian's rebuttal of it are equally superficial, and the theologies of Eckhart and Nicholas of Cusa show why: Eckhart and Cusa retained, while Gerson and Denys had lost, their grip on the “dialectics” of “sameness” and “difference” expounded in Mystical Theology.
DIONYSIAN THOUGHT IN SIXTEENTH‐CENTURY SPANISH MYSTICAL THEOLOGY
Authors: GIRÓN‐NEGRÓN LUIS M. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThis essay reviews the nature and scope of Dionysius’ influence on the Hispano‐Christian mystics, especially John of the Cross and Theresa of Ávila. As background, it first surveys the broader reception of Dionysius in sixteenth‐century Spain, especially among the ascetico‐mystical precursors and contemporaries of both Carmelite saints. This will allow us to reconnoiter with some historical precision how and to what extent Dionysian themes were interpreted and woven into signature components of their mystical theology: John's taxonomy of dark nights and Theresa's views on the suspension of the faculties as a preamble to unio mystica.
DIONYSIUS, DERRIDA, AND THE CRITIQUE OF “ONTOTHEOLOGY”
Authors: RUBENSTEIN MARY‐JANE 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThis essay explores Dionysius' work in light of the critique of ontotheology, focusing on Jacques Derrida's work on justice and the messianic. Ultimately, it suggests that the extent to which Dionysius troubles the ontotheological waters depends on the status of hierarchical and teleological relationships in Dionysius. Does hierarchy for Dionysius function strictly “vertically,” bringing a few chosen souls into union with God, or does it also establish ethical relations between and among creatures? And does the via negativa, as Derrida suggests, draw the soul along a pre‐determined path from hyperessence to hyperessence, or might it remain sufficiently indeterminate to welcome the unimaginable?
Periocular dermatitis: a report of 401 patients
Authors: Temesvári E , Pónyai G , Németh I , Hidvégi B , Sas A , Kárpáti S 
Published: August 2008

AbstractBackground  Periocular contact dermatitis may appear as contact conjunctivitis, contact allergic and/or irritative eyelid and periorbital dermatitis, or a combination of these symptoms. The clinical symptoms may be induced by several environmental and therapeutic contact allergens.Objectives  The aim of the present study was to map the eliciting contact allergens in 401 patients with periocular dermatitis (PD) by patch testing with environmental and ophthalmic contact allergens.Methods  Following the methodics of international requirements, 401 patients were tested with contact allergens of the standard environmental series, 133 of 401 patients with the Brial ophthalmic basic and supplementary series as well.Results  Contact hypersensitivity was detected in 34.4% of the patients. Highest prevalence was seen in cases of PD without other symptoms (51.18%), in patients of PD associated with ophthalmic complaints (OC; 30.4%), and PD associated with atopic dermatitis (AD; 27.9%). In the subgroup of PD associated with seborrhoea (S) and rosacea (R), contact hypersensitivity was confirmed in 17.6%. Most frequent sensitisers were nickel sulphate (in 8.9% of the tested 401 patients), fragrance mix I (4.5%), balsam of Peru (4.0%), paraphenylendiamine (PPD) (3.7%), and thiomersal (3.5%). By testing ophthalmic allergens, contact hypersensitivity was observed in nine patients (6.7% of the tested 133 patients). The most common confirmed ophthalmic allergens were cocamidopropyl betaine, idoxuridine, phenylephrine hydrochloride, Na chromoglycinate, and papaine.Limitations  Patients with symptoms of PD were tested from 1996 to 2006.Conclusions  The occurence of contact hypersensitivity in PD patients was in present study 34.4%. A relatively high occurence was seen in cases of PD without other symptoms, in PD + OC and in PD + AD patients. The predominance of environmental contact allergens was remarkable: most frequent sensitizers were nickel sulphate, fragrance mix I, balsam of Peru, thiomersal, and PPD. The prevalence of contact hypersensitivity to ophthalmic allergens did not exceed l.5%.Conflicts of interestNone declared
Improving Health Care Efficiency and Quality Using Tablet Personal Computers to Collect Research‐Quality, Patient‐Reported Data
Authors: Abernethy Amy P. , Herndon James E. , Wheeler Jane L. , Patwardhan Meenal , Shaw Heather , Lyerly H. Kim , Weinfurt Kevin 
Published: August 2008

Objective. To determine whether e/Tablets (wireless tablet computers used in community oncology clinics to collect review of systems information at point of care) are feasible, acceptable, and valid for collecting research‐quality data in academic oncology.Data/Setting. Primary/Duke Breast Cancer Clinic.Design. Pilot study enrolling sample of 66 breast cancer patients.Methods. Data were collected using paper‐ and e/Tablet‐based surveys: Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy General, Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy‐Breast, MD Anderson Symptom Inventory, Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy (FACIT), Self‐Efficacy; and two questionnaires: feasibility, satisfaction.Principal Findings. Patients supported e/Tablets as: easy to read (94 percent), easy to respond to (98 percent), comfortable weight (87 percent). Generally, electronic responses validly reflected responses provided by standard paper data collection on nearly all subscales tested.Conclusions. e/Tablets offer a valid, feasible, acceptable method for collecting research‐quality, patient‐reported outcomes data in outpatient academic oncology.
Steering Patients to Safer Hospitals? The Effect of a Tiered Hospital Network on Hospital Admissions
Authors: Scanlon Dennis P. , Lindrooth Richard C. , Christianson Jon B. 
Published: August 2008

Objective. To determine if a tiered hospital benefit and safety incentive shifted the distribution of admissions toward safer hospitals.Data Sources/Study Setting. A large manufacturing company instituted the hospital safety incentive (HSI) for union employees. The HSI gave union patients a financial incentive to choose hospitals that met the Leapfrog Group's three patient safety “leaps.” The analysis merges data from four sources: claims and enrollment data from the company, the American Hospital Association, the AHRQ HCUP‐SID, and a state Office of the Insurance Commissioner.Study Design. Changes in hospital admissions' patterns for union and nonunion employees using a difference‐in‐difference design. We estimate the probability of choosing a specific hospital from a set of available alternatives using conditional logistic regression.Principal Findings. Patients affiliated with the engineers' union and admitted for a medical diagnosis were 2.92 times more likely to select a hospital designated as safer in the postperiod than in the preperiod, while salaried nonunion (SNU) patients (not subject to the financial incentive) were 0.64 times as likely to choose a compliant hospital in the post‐ versus preperiod. The difference‐in‐difference estimate, which is based on the predictions of the conditional logit model, is 0.20. However, the machinists' union was also exposed to the incentive and they were no more likely to choose a safer hospital than the SNU patients. The incentive did not have an effect on patients admitted for a surgical diagnosis, regardless of union status. All patients were averse to travel time, but those union patients selecting an incentive hospital were less averse to travel time.Conclusions. Patient price incentives and quality/safety information may influence hospital selection decisions, particularly for medical admissions, though the optimal incentive level for financial return to the plan sponsor is not clear.
Advancing Forest Cover Development on a High‐Elevation Sierra Nevada Mine Site with Nutritional Amendments
Authors: Walker Roger F. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractSelected nutrient amendments were evaluated for their capacity to enhance growth and nutrition of established but stunted Jeffrey pine (Pinus jeffreyiGrev. & Balf.) saplings on an acidic Sierra Nevada surface mine. The amendments were applied by topdressing at three rates each and consisted of Forestcote 22‐4‐6 + Minors, a controlled‐release formulation; Free Flow 29‐3‐4 and Hydro Agri 21‐7‐14, two conventional fertilizers, with the former featuring urea as the predominant N source, whereas that for the latter was exclusively ammoniacal and nitrate forms; and Milorganite 6‐2‐0 + Iron, an organic amendment based on municipal biosolids. All formulations reinvigorated sapling growth, generally more so as the amounts supplied increased, with the Free Flow and Hydro Agri amendments marginally more stimulative than Forestcote and Milorganite. Foliar analysis revealed that fertilized saplings had more N, with concentrations that generally rose with amounts supplied, and P but less Mn and Al than the control. Enhanced N nutrition in particular but also that of P probably accounted for most of the growth stimulation by the amendments, as availability of both in the soil was limiting. Of the two metallic elements, reduced Mn was likely most critical because concentrations encountered here were exceedingly elevated overall, including that in the soil, although soil Al was also high. These results suggest that a variety of nutritional amendments can be employed in forest restoration on surface mine sites and those similarly degraded, including sites for which dry climates greatly influence the selection of remedial practices.