bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Virtual reality games for cognitive rehabilitation of older adults: a review of adaptive games, domains and techniques
Authors: Guzmán D. E. , Rengifo C. F. , Guzmán J. D. , Garcia Cena C. E. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn recent decades, the senior adults population worldwide has increased, as well as the medical conditions related to aging, such as cognitive decline. Virtual reality (VR) games are a valuable addition to conventional cognitive rehabilitation as they increase engagement to the therapy through customization, socialization, immersion, and feedback. This review, performed according to PRISMA protocol, addresses the following questions: How VR games have been used for cognitive rehabilitation?, What cognitive domains have been addressed by VR games and in which populations have these games been used?, Which features have been considered to improve engagement in VR games for cognitive rehabilitation?, How is the difficulty adjustment of exercises carried out in VR games for cognitive rehabilitation?. We found 25 scientific works related to these questions, 92% of them treating one cognitive domain at a time, despite the fact that the related literature recognizes the value of training multiple domains simultaneously. Our review indicates that, despite the existence of serious VR games for working memory training, such as those described in Flak et al. (Front Psychol 10:807, 2019. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00807), to our knowledge, there are no applications that simultaneously address multiple cognitive domains and incorporate dynamic difficulty adjustment, which are important to ensure ecological validity of therapy and therapy adherence, respectively. In addition, we found that games themselves could be used to monitor the user’s progression. It is also important to determine the impact of multiplayer interactions in the game, test difficulty adjustment approaches that use physiological variables, and define difficulty-skill relationships aligned with the user’s preferences. This paper concludes that the main barriers to implement dynamic difficulty adjustment in VR games for cognitive rehabilitation are: (i) the absence of metrics to estimate when the game offers to the players a challenge adapted their skills, and (ii) the lack of a conceptual framework that integrates relevant theories such as state of flow, cognitive load, cognitive rehabilitation, and feedback systems.
Impact of disease volume on survival efficacy of triplet therapy for metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and network meta-analysis
Authors: Matsukawa Akihiro , Rajwa Pawel , Kawada Tatsushi , Bekku Kensuke , Laukhtina Ekaterina , Klemm Jakob , Pradere Benjamin , Mori Keiichiro , Karakiewicz Pierre I. , Kimura Takahiro , Chlosta Piotr , Shariat Shahrokh F. , Yanagisawa Takafumi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Triplet therapy, androgen receptor signaling inhibitors (ARSIs) plus docetaxel plus androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT), is a novel guideline-recommended treatment for metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC). However, the optimal selection of the patient most likely to benefit from triplet therapy remains unclear.

Methods
We performed a systematic review, meta-analysis, and network meta-analysis to assess the oncologic benefit of triplet therapy in mHSPC patients stratified by disease volume and compare them with doublet treatment regimens. Three databases and meeting abstracts were queried in March 2023 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating patients treated with systemic therapy for mHSPC stratified by disease volume. Primary interests of measure were overall survival (OS). We followed the PRISMA guideline and AMSTAR2 checklist.

Results
Overall, eight RCTs were included for meta-analyses and network meta-analyses (NMAs). Triplet therapy outperformed docetaxel plus ADT in terms of OS in both patients with high-(pooled HR: 0.73, 95%CI 0.64–0.84) and low-volume mHSPC (pooled HR: 0.71, 95%CI 0.52–0.97). There was no statistically significant difference between patients with low- vs. high-volume in terms of OS benefit from adding ARSI to docetaxel plus ADT (p = 0.9). Analysis of treatment rankings showed that darolutamide plus docetaxel plus ADT (90%) had the highest likelihood of improved OS in patients with high-volume disease, while enzalutamide plus ADT (84%) had the highest in with low-volume disease.

Conclusions
Triplet therapy improves OS in mHSPC patients compared to docetaxel-based doublet therapy, irrespective of disease volume. However, based on treatment ranking, triplet therapy should preferably be considered for patients with high-volume mHSPC while those with low-volume are likely to be adequately treated with ARSI + ADT.
Higher integrability for singular doubly nonlinear systems
Authors: Moring Kristian , Schätzler Leah , Scheven Christoph 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe prove a local higher integrability result for the spatial gradient of weak solutions to doubly nonlinear parabolic systems whose prototype is $$\begin{aligned} \partial _t \left( |u|^{q-1}u \right) -{{\,\textrm{div}\,}}\left( |Du|^{p-2} Du \right) = {{\,\textrm{div}\,}}\left( |F|^{p-2} F \right) \quad \text { in } \Omega _T:= \Omega \times (0,T) \end{aligned}$$

∂
t

|
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1

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-

div

|
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|

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2

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p
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in

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:
=
Ω
×

(
0
,
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)

with parameters $$p>1$$

p
>
1

and $$q>0$$

q
>
0

and $$\Omega \subset {\mathbb {R}}^n$$

Ω
⊂

R

n

. In this paper, we are concerned with the ranges $$q>1$$

q
>
1

and $$p>\frac{n(q+1)}{n+q+1}$$

p
>

n
(
q
+
1
)

n
+
q
+
1

. A key ingredient in the proof is an intrinsic geometry that takes both the solution u and its spatial gradient Du into account.
Satellite laser ranging to BeiDou-3 satellites: initial performance and contribution to orbit model improvement
Authors: Zajdel Radosław , Nowak Adrian , Sośnica Krzysztof 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In January 2023, the International Laser Ranging Service (ILRS) approved the tracking of 20 additional BeiDou-3 Medium Earth Orbit (BDS-3 MEO) satellites, integrating them into the ILRS tracking network. Before that, only 4 BDS-3 MEO satellites had been tracked. BDS satellites employ highly advanced GNSS components and technological solutions; however, microwave-based orbits still contain systematic errors. Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR) tracking is thus crucial for better identification and understanding of orbit modeling issues. Orbit improvements are necessary to consider BDS in future realizations of terrestrial reference frames, supporting the determination of global geodetic parameters and utilizing them for the co-location of GNSS and SLR in space. In this study, we summarize the first 6 months of SLR tracking 24 BDS-3 MEO satellites. The study indicates that the ILRS network effectively executed the request to track the entire BDS-3 MEO constellation. The number of observations is approximately 1300 and 450 for high- and low-priority BDS-3 satellites, respectively, over the 6 months. More than half of the SLR observations to BDS-3 MEO satellites were provided by 5 out of the 24 laser stations, which actively measured GNSS targets. For 14 out of 24 BDS-3 MEO satellites, the standard deviation of SLR residuals is at the level of 19–20 mm, which is comparable with the quality of the state-of-the-art Galileo orbit solutions. However, the SLR validation of the individual satellites revealed that the BDS-3 MEO constellation consists of more ambiguous groups of satellites than originally reported in the official metadata files distributed by the BDS operators. For 8 BDS-3 satellites, the quality of the orbits is noticeably inferior with a standard deviation of SLR residuals above 100 mm. Therefore, improving orbit modeling for BDS-3 MEO satellites remains an urgent challenge for the GNSS community.
Allocating operating room time in orthopaedic trauma: a survey in medical ethics
Authors: Lynch Mary-Katherine , Rivas Gabriella , Gregoski Mathew J. , Hartsock Langdon , Reid Kristoff 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Allocation of operating room time is a challenging dilemma that surgeons frequently confront. When deciding upon a daily caseload, the surgeon may consider clinical, logistical, and social factors. Although previous studies have outlined guiding principles, there is no universal algorithm for prioritizing surgical patients. Our study aims to learn which factors orthopaedic trauma surgeons use when determining case priority.

Methods
A survey regarding the allocation of operating room time was administered to orthopaedic trauma surgeons from the community and members of the Southeastern Fracture Consortium. Questions included a list of characteristics and a series of theoretical case scenarios to be ranked according to perceived priority.

Results
Of the participating surgeons, 92% practiced at an academic center and 89.7% at a level 1 trauma center. Of the case characteristics, “severity of orthopaedic problem” was most frequently ranked as most important versus “social pressure from family members,” which was most frequently ranked as least important in case priority. The coefficient of concordance among respondents was 0.427 for individual case characteristics versus 0.287 for the theoretical scenarios. The average rate of agreement among respondents was 31.9 ± 19% for individual factors versus 36.3 ± 8.9% in the clinical vignettes.

Conclusions
A consensus exists regarding severity of the presenting orthopaedic problem being the most important factor when considering case priority. The lower agreement in the clinical vignettes indicates a strong interplay between the multiple factors in a case. Survey commentary suggests that outside factors – training, experience, politics, the team available – also play a role in a surgeon’s decision on case priority.
Level of evidence: IV.
Telomeres and aging: on and off the planet!
Authors: Mason Christopher E. , Sierra Maria A. , Feng Henry J. , Bailey Susan M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractImproving human healthspan in our rapidly aging population has never been more imperative. Telomeres, protective “caps” at the ends of linear chromosomes, are essential for maintaining genome stability of eukaryotic genomes. Due to their physical location and the “end-replication problem” first envisioned by Dr. Alexey Olovnikov, telomeres shorten with cell division, the implications of which are remarkably profound. Telomeres are hallmarks and molecular drivers of aging, as well as fundamental integrating components of the cumulative effects of genetic, lifestyle, and environmental factors that erode telomere length over time. Ongoing telomere attrition and the resulting limit to replicative potential imposed by cellular senescence serves a powerful tumor suppressor function, and also underlies aging and a spectrum of age-related degenerative pathologies, including reduced fertility, dementias, cardiovascular disease and cancer. However, very little data exists regarding the extraordinary stressors and exposures associated with long-duration space exploration and eventual habitation of other planets, nor how such missions will influence telomeres, reproduction, health, disease risk, and aging. Here, we briefly review our current understanding, which has advanced significantly in recent years as a result of the NASA Twins Study, the most comprehensive evaluation of human health effects associated with spaceflight ever conducted. Thus, the Twins Study is at the forefront of personalized space medicine approaches for astronauts and sets the stage for subsequent missions. We also extrapolate from current understanding to future missions, highlighting potential biological and biochemical strategies that may enable human survival, and consider the prospect of longevity in the extreme environment of space.
Anonymous attribute-based broadcast encryption with hidden multiple access structures
Authors: Phuong Tran Viet Xuan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDue to the high demands of data communication, the broadcasting system streams the data daily. This service not only sends out the message to the correct participant but also respects the security of the identity user. In addition, when delivered, all the information must be protected for the party who employs the broadcasting service. Currently, Attribute-Based Broadcast Encryption (ABBE) is useful to apply for the broadcasting service. (ABBE) is a combination of Attribute-Based Encryption (ABE) and Broadcast Encryption (BE), which allows a broadcaster (or encrypter) to broadcast an encrypted message, including a predefined user set and specified access policy to install the authorization mechanism. It is desirable to hide all the information when producing in the ciphertext, which has not been considered in the previous works of ABBE. Motivated by the above issue, we devise a solution to achieve anonymity for the ABBE scheme, which not only hides the access structures but also anonymizes the user’s identity. In this work, we propose two schemes as Anonymous Key Policy (AKP)-ABBE and Anonymous Ciphertext Policy (ACP)-ABBE with supporting multiple access structures by using $$\textsf {OR}/\textsf {AND}$$

OR
/
AND

gates. Specifically, we present the generic constructions of AKP/ACP-ABBE on the building block of the Inner Product Encryption ($$\textsf {IPE}$$
IPE
), which enables the hidden user’s identity and complex $$\textsf {OR}/\textsf {AND}$$

OR
/
AND

-Gate access structure. We show that our proposed schemes are secured under the standard models.
Unveiling the microstructure evolution and mechanical properties in a gas tungsten arc-welded Fe–Mn–Si–Cr–Ni shape memory alloy
Authors: Lopes J. G. , Martins D. , Zhang K. , Li B. , Wang B. , Wang X. , Schell N. , Ghafoori E. , Baptista A. C. , Oliveira J. P. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractFe–Mn–Si–Cr–Ni shape memory alloys (SMAs) are unique low-cost materials with shape memory properties that grant them the ability to be used in both functional and structural applications. Such SMAs are especially sought in the construction sector for the creation of new components and/or the reinforcement of damaged ones. In this study, a Fe–17Mn–5Si–10Cr–4Ni–1(V, C) wt% SMA was gas tungsten arc welded, with the objective to investigate the microstructure and mechanical performance changes occurring after welding. A comprehensive assessment of processing, microstructure and properties relationships was established combining microscopy (optical and electron), synchrotron X-ray diffraction, microhardness mapping and tensile testing including cycling assessment of the joint’s functional performance. It is shown that the present SMA has good weldability, with the joints reaching nearly 883 MPa at fracture strain of 23.6 ± 2.1%. Alongside this, several microstructure differences were encountered between the as-received and as-welded condition, including the formation of ferrite and Fe5Ni3Si2 P213 cubic precipitates amidst the fusion zone in the latter region.
Graphical abstract
Spanish Adaptation of the Social Worries Questionnaire (SWQ): A Tool to Assess Social Anxiety in Preadolescent Children
Authors: Amorós-Reche Víctor , Pineda David , Orgilés Mireia , Espada Jose P. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSocial anxiety may appear during preadolescence, causing children to worry and avoid situations where they may be evaluated by others. Previous studies have shown that about 4% of preadolescents present clinically elevated levels of social anxiety, which is related to the later onset of other problems. Therefore, it becomes necessary to have available screening measures, with few items, that assess the different social situations that elicit anxiety, as is the case of the Social Worries Questionnaire (SWQ). The objective of this study was to adapt and assess the psychometric properties of the SWQ in Spanish preadolescent children. The sample was composed of 218 children aged 8 to 12 years (54.1% boys). The SWQ, along with other measures of depression, anxiety and self-concept, were online administered to children. An item addressing videoconference anxiety was added to the SWQ. Using Confirmatory Factor Analysis, a one-factor structure composed of 14 items demonstrated favorable fit indices. The results indicate evidence of concurrent and discriminant validity, good internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.81; ordinal α = 0.87) and moderate-to-good test-retest stability. Despite some limitations, the Spanish adaptation of the SWQ shows good psychometric properties and enables the assessment of social anxiety generalization to several situations. The questionnaire can be a valuable self-reported tool for detecting risk cases and guiding the treatment in clinical settings.
Solving the medical student scheduling problem using simulated annealing
Authors: Zanazzo Eugenia , Ceschia Sara , Dovier Agostino , Schaerf Andrea 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe consider the medical student scheduling (MSS) problem, which consists of assigning medical students to internships of different disciplines in various hospitals during the academic year to fulfill their educational and clinical training. The MSS problem takes into account, among other constraints and objectives, precedences between disciplines, student preferences, waiting periods, and hospital changes. We developed a local search technique, based on a combination of two different neighborhood relations and guided by a simulated annealing procedure. Our search method has been able to find the optimal solution for all instances of the dataset proposed by Akbarzadeh and Maenhout (Comput Oper Res 129: 105209, 2021b), in a much shorter runtime than their technique. In addition, we propose a novel dataset in order to test our technique on a more challenging ground. For this new dataset, which is publicly available along with our source code for inspection and future comparisons, we report the experimental results and a sensitivity analysis.
Breaking the left-right symmetry in fluttering artificial cilia that perform nonreciprocal oscillations
Authors: Boiardi Ariel Surya , Marchello Roberto 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRecent investigations on active materials have introduced a new paradigm for soft robotics by showing that a complex response can be obtained from simple stimuli by harnessing dynamic instabilities. In particular, polyelectrolyte hydrogel filaments actuated by a constant electric field have been shown to exhibit self-sustained oscillations as a consequence of flutter instability. Owing to the nonreciprocal nature of the emerging oscillations, these artificial cilia are able to generate flows along the stimulus. Building upon these findings, in this paper we propose a design strategy to break the left-right symmetry in the generated flows, by endowing the filament with a natural curvature at the fabrication stage. We develop a mathematical model based on morphoelastic rod theory to characterize the stability of the equilibrium configurations of the filament, proving the persistence of flutter instability. We show that the emerging oscillations are nonreciprocal and generate thrust at an angle with the stimulus. The results we find at the level of the single cilium open new perspectives on the possible applications of artificial ciliary arrays in soft robotics and microfluidics.
Smartphone-based serious games for mental health: a scoping review
Authors: Gómez-Cambronero Águeda , Mann Anna-Lisa , Mira Adriana , Doherty Gavin , Casteleyn Sven 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe use of smartphone-based Serious Games in mental health care is an emerging and promising research field. Combining the intrinsic characteristics of games (e.g., interactiveness, immersiveness, playfulness, user-tailoring and engaging nature) with the capabilities of smartphones (e.g., versatility, ubiquitous connectivity, built-in sensors and anywhere–anytime nature) yields great potential to deliver innovative psychological treatments, which are engaging, effective, fun and always available. This article presents a scoping review, based on the PRISMA (scoping review extension) guidelines, of the field of smartphone-based serious games for mental health care. The review combines an analysis of the technical characteristics, including game design, smartphone and game-specific features, with psychological dimensions, including type and purpose of use, underlying psychological frameworks and strategies. It also explores the integration of psychological features into Serious Games and summarizes the findings of evaluations performed. A systematic search identified 40 smartphone-based Serious Games for mental health care. The majority consist of standalone and self-administrable interventions, applying a myriad of psychological strategies to address a wide range of psychological symptoms and disorders. The findings explore the potential of Serious Games as treatments and for enhancing patient engagement; we conclude by proposing several avenues for future research in order to identify best practices and success factors.
Self-replication via tile self-assembly
Authors: Alseth Andrew , Hader Daniel , Patitz Matthew J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this paper we present a model containing modifications to the Signal-passing Tile Assembly Model (STAM), a tile-based self-assembly model whose tiles are capable of activating and deactivating glues based on the binding of other glues. These modifications consist of an extension to 3D, the ability of tiles to form “flexible” bonds that allow bound tiles to rotate relative to each other, and allowing tiles of multiple shapes within the same system. We call this new model the STAM*, and we present a series of constructions within it that are capable of self-replicating behavior. Namely, the input seed assemblies to our STAM* systems can encode either “genomes” specifying the instructions for building a target shape, or can be copies of the target shape with instructions built in. A universal tile set exists for any target shape (at scale factor 2), and from a genome assembly creates infinite copies of the genome as well as the target shape. An input target structure, on the other hand, can be “deconstructed” by the universal tile set to form a genome encoding it, which will then replicate and also initiate the growth of copies of assemblies of the target shape. Since the lengths of the genomes for these constructions are proportional to the number of points in the target shape, we also present a replicator which utilizes hierarchical self-assembly to greatly reduce the size of the genomes required. The main goals of this work are to examine minimal requirements of self-assembling systems capable of self-replicating behavior, with the aim of better understanding self-replication in nature as well as understanding the complexity of mimicking it.
Counting pupils moving between elusive schools: between-school pupil mobility in the Flemish primary education market
Authors: Van Landeghem Georges 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe intensity of between-school pupil mobility in Flemish regular primary education is measured for the first time, using enumerative data about a birth cohort. Given the lack of internationally established measures, several indicators representing the system’s, the pupil’s, and the school’s point of view are introduced. It turns out that the level of mobility is significant, as compared to other atypical events in pupils’ trajectories. The consequent importance of mobility as a nuisance factor in education research is discussed. The under-researched issue of school definitions is shown to have an impact on mobility measurement in Flanders and is discussed from the wider perspective of effectiveness research. Directions for future research about between-school pupil mobility are set out.