bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Struggling to survive: A comparison of Vanessa cardui larval survivorship on putative host plants
Authors: Saldivar Jo'lene A. , Wilson‐Rankin Erin E. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe painted lady butterfly (Vanessa cardui) is a generalist herbivore with a global distribution. In North America, over 100 species have been identified as V. cardui larval host plants. This cosmopolitan species is commercially available in all life stages and can be reared on an artificial diet. As a result, V. cardui commonly serves as a model organism for education and outreach. However, gaps in our knowledge remain with regard to V. cardui ecology and larval host plant suitability for supporting complete development of larvae to reproductive adulthood. In a laboratory setting, we tested host plant suitability of five reported host plants commonly found in California sage scrub ecosystems by assessing survival of V. cardui caterpillars in its entirety. We also assessed how commercially sourced larvae survived on artificial diet: both raising the caterpillars exclusively on artificial diet as well as switching diets from artificial to thistle (a commonly reported host plant) and switching from thistle to artificial diet. We found that all commercially sourced caterpillars exhibited both high larval mortality and low pupation rates when reared on host plants, although larvae reared on Malacothamnus fasciculatus and Sphaeralcea ambigua survived longest. Moreover, M. fasciculatus and S. ambigua were the only host plants tested that supported successful pupation. This contrasted with 63% higher survival of wild‐collected larvae. Our findings suggest that commercially obtained V. cardui may struggle to utilize wild host plants and that future investigations into host plant suitability in wild populations are needed. Additionally, future research using commercial larvae should consider the implications for interpreting host plant suitability as larvae may exhibit adaptations to artificial diet or the loss of adaptation to consuming plant material.
Dapagliflozin in patients with heart failure and previous myocardial infarction: A participant‐level pooled analysis of DAPA‐HF and DELIVER
Authors: Peikert Alexander , Vaduganathan Muthiah , Claggett Brian L. , Kulac Ian J. , Foà Alberto , Desai Akshay S. , Jhund Pardeep S. , Carberry Jaclyn , Lam Carolyn S.P. , Kosiborod Mikhail N. , Inzucchi Silvio E. , Martinez Felipe A. , de Boer Rudolf A. , Hernandez Adrian F. , Shah Sanjiv J. , Køber Lars , Ponikowski Piotr , Sabatine Marc S. , Petersson Magnus , Langkilde Anna Maria , McMurray John J.V. , Solomon Scott D. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimsPatients with heart failure (HF) and history of myocardial infarction (MI) face a higher risk of disease progression and clinical events. Whether sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors may modify clinical trajectory in such individuals remains incompletely understood.Methods and resultsThe DAPA‐HF and DELIVER trials compared dapagliflozin with placebo in patients with symptomatic HF with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤40% and > 40%, respectively. In this pooled participant‐level analysis, we assessed efficacy and safety outcomes by history of MI. The primary outcome in both trials was the composite of cardiovascular death or worsening HF. Of the total of 11 007 patients, 3731 (34%) had a previous MI and were at higher risk of the primary outcome across the spectrum of LVEF in covariate‐adjusted models (hazard ratio [HR] 1.12, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02–1.24). Dapagliflozin reduced the risk of the primary outcome to a similar extent in patients with (HR 0.83, 95% CI 0.72–0.96) and without previous MI (HR 0.76, 95% CI 0.68–0.85; pinteraction = 0.36), with consistent benefits on key secondary outcomes as well. Serious adverse events did not occur more frequently with dapagliflozin, irrespective of previous MI.ConclusionHistory of MI confers increased risks of adverse cardiovascular outcomes in patients with HF across the LVEF spectrum, even among those with preserved ejection fraction. Dapagliflozin consistently and safely reduces the risk of cardiovascular death or worsening HF, regardless of previous MI.
Anticipatory postural adjustments during an archery performance
Authors: Na Jae‐Young , Ryu Donghyun , Ko Ji‐Hyun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe present study investigated whether there is an anticipatory postural adjustment (APA) prior to the onset of predictable perturbation generated by a releasing in the archery performance task. Eighteen volunteers were divided into two groups (expert vs. novice) depending on skill levels. Participants stood on a force plate holding a bow with a laser pointer and took a full drawing motion aiming the laser pointer to the center of target, placed 10 m away from the force plate, then released motion was performed based on the individual's preferred timing. Motion capture system measured the bow motion in 3D, two force plates estimated center of pressure (COP) displacements, and electromyographic (EMG) recorded eight lower limb muscles during the anticipatory and compensatory phases of postural control. The results revealed that, compared to the novice group, (1) the expert group showed smaller variability of bow motion, (2) the APA patterns of the COP and muscle activities before the onset of perturbation (releasing), and (3) shorter time interval between the perturbation onset and the COP peak displacement. The findings suggest that a long‐term practice results in the experts could be adopted to use APA generating mechanical benefit to compensate for predictable perturbation. This would be able to lead to a more stable subsequent postural control to realize the task goal.
Numerical investigation on performance of a solar chimney power plant with different absorber configurations
Authors: Mahdhi Jihen , Ghriss Ons , Aryanfar Yashar , Bouabidi Abdallah , Keçebaş Ali , Alcaraz Jorge Luis García 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA solar tower system is a nonpolluting solar thermal power plant that utilizes a combination of a wind turbine and generator to convert thermal energy generated from a solar collector into electrical energy. The study focuses on a system comprising a solar collector that transforms solar energy into thermal energy, a chimney that converts thermal energy into kinetic energy, and a wind turbine that further converts kinetic energy into electrical energy. The system's performance is evaluated through the implementation of a numerical model, which is validated by comparing it with experimental data. Four different types of meshes are tested to determine the most suitable mesh for the system. The discrete ordinate radiation model is used to solve the radiative transfer equation, and the RNG k‐𝜀 turbulence model is implemented to calculate turbulence. In a subsequent study, the effect of absorber configuration on the system's performance is investigated. Three different absorber configurations—sinusoidal, square, and triangular—are proposed, and the numerical results showed that the system's performance is affected by the absorber configuration. The velocity in the chimney inlet increases for all proposed configurations compared to the standard configuration, with the triangular configuration showing the highest velocity increase. Additionally, the newly proposed configurations enhance the thermal efficiency of the system, leading to a thermal efficiency of 12.18%, 12.2%, and 13.65% for the sinusoidal, triangular, and square configurations, respectively. Overall, the solar tower system demonstrates its potential as a clean and efficient source of electrical power.
High‐performance symmetric supercapacitor using cost‐efficient iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles
Authors: Saini Priyanka , Yadav Jitendra Kumar , Rani Bharti , Pandey Anant Prakash , Dixit Ambesh 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe investigated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) for a symmetric supercapacitor (SSC) under ambient conditions from synthesizing material to device fabrication. The prepared Fe3O4 NPs are characterized using different characterization, X‐ray diffraction, Raman and FTIR spectroscopy. The electrochemical performance of supercapacitor (SC) is measured in two electrode systems using coin‐cell assembly at various scan rates varying from 10–100 mV s−1, and cyclic voltammetry measurements are investigated from −0.8 to 0.6 V window. The Fe3O4 NPs based SSC shows an energy density of 24.99 Wh kg−1 with the high specific capacitance of 91.82 F g−1 at 10 mV s−1 scan rate. At a current rate of 4 A g−1, the power density reaches 2000 W kg−1. The Fe3O4 NPs based SSC exhibits a quick charge and discharge mechanism at various current rates and is stable over 500 galvanostatic chargingdischarging cycles at a current rate of 4 A g−1. The fabricated SSC showed >60% capacitance retention even after operating for 1000 cyclic voltammetry cycles at a scan rate of 100 mV s−1. A reasonable choice for SSC electrodes with high power density, and the outstanding resilience of electrodes is further shown by cyclic stability and impedance study exhibiting a negligible change in the different impedance elements. The potential of the fabricated SSC is demonstrated by lightening a light emitting diode (LED) light as a practical aspect for future applications.
Agroclimate‐centric irrigation water quality guidelines
Authors: Minhas Paramjit S. , Qadir Manzoor 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe suitability of a given water source for irrigation warrants the diagnosis of potential salinity, sodicity and toxicity hazards. Region‐specific irrigation water quality standards and guidelines formulated worldwide are too conservative. After a comprehensive assessment of newer insights from re‐analysis of the available data and examination of the associated evidence covering diversified conditions of saline water use, existing guidelines are updated to adjust for site‐specific conditions. The updated versions for rating both saline and alkali waters include the chemical composition of irrigation waters, soil type (texture, clay mineralogy), salt tolerance rating of crops and rainfall for broader adaptability. As modified by soil texture and rainfall, crop salt tolerance is the decisive factor for fixing upper salinity limits in hyper‐arid, arid, semi‐arid and semi‐humid regions. The customized recommendations include conjunctive use, leaching/rainfall management, irrigation methods, ionic ratios, fertilizers and manures. Guidelines for sodic/alkali waters are based on both crop responses and sodicity‐induced water infiltration problems. The amendment requirements stand defined. In view of the increasing water scarcity, the established guidelines are expected to promote saline and alkali water irrigation in arid and semi‐arid regions while safeguarding the environment.
Semantic sensor data annotation method for industrial scene efficiency optimization to enable digital economy
Authors: Tao Na , Zhang Tao 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn the digital economy era, efficiently leveraging the vast amount of sensor data generated by the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) is essential. This paper presents an innovative semantic annotation method for industrial sensor data, designed to optimize data processing and enhance system efficiency. Our method combines cluster analysis, ontology development, and rule‐based reasoning to automatically annotate IIoT sensory data. By utilizing data aggregation and filtering mechanisms, which incorporate the DBSCAN (Density‐Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise) algorithm and a rule engine, we significantly reduce the data volume required for annotation. The Semantic Web Rule Language aids in naming new concepts and properties identified through clustering, contributing further to the automation of data processing. Experimental results, using public datasets, validate the effectiveness of our method, showing a reduction in data volume by about 20% and underscoring its potential in enhancing industrial systems' automation and overall efficiency.
Mesenchymal stem cell‐secretome laden photopolymerizable hydrogels for wound healing
Authors: Doshi Riddhesh B. , Vakil Devashree , Molley Thomas G. , Islam Md Shariful , Kilian Kristopher A. , Cunningham Corey , Sidhu Kuldip S. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMesenchymal stem cell‐derived secretome represents an emerging acellular therapeutic which possess significant opportunity for clinical applications due to its anti‐inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and wound healing properties. However, maintaining therapeutic efficacy and ensuring stability of cell‐based products is challenging, requiring a robust delivery method. Therefore, we designed a hydrogel‐based scaffold loaded with CK Cell Technologies' proprietary Mesenchymal stem cell‐secretome for controlled release treatment of acute and chronic wounds. We incorporated both conditioned media (CM) and extracellular vesicles (EVs) into gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogels and demonstrated how we can tune the diffusive release of the EVs from them. To demonstrate viability of the approach, we developed a wound healing scratch assay where we see in situ release of CM and EVs promote enhanced migration of human dermal fibroblasts (hDFs). We see the colocalization of these EVs in the fibroblasts using fluorescent microscopy. Finally, as a surrogate for in vivo neovascularization, we conducted an in vitro tube formation assay for the MSC‐secretome using matrigel‐embedded human microvascular endothelial cells. By adding CM and EVs, we observe an increase in tubulogenesis. Collectively, our data demonstrates by tuning the GelMA properties, we can influence the controlled release of the MSC‐secretome for a wound dressing and bandage application for chronic and acute wounds.
Echocardiographic features and outcomes of fetuses with isolated restrictive foramen ovale or redundant foramen ovale flap using atrial septum excursion index
Authors: Tian Yuanshi , Chen Xinxin , Zheng Jiehuai , Chen Lijiong , Pan Mei , Peng Xiaohui , Zhao Bowen 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPurposeThis study was designed to investigate the application value of the atrial septum excursion index (ASEI) in fetuses with isolated restrictive foramen ovale (RFO) or redundant foramen ovale flap (RFOF) and the outcomes of these fetuses.MethodsThis was a retrospective study. Healthy pregnant women who were examined by antenatal fetal echocardiography from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2021, at Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital were enrolled. One hundred seventy‐seven (177) fetuses were categorized into three groups by diagnosis: (1) RFOF (n = 33), (2) RFO (n = 21), and (3) normal (n = 123). Fetal echocardiographic features and postnatal outcomes were collected.ResultsThe median ASEIs were 0.50 (range, 0.41–0.65) in the control group, 0.76 (range, 0.67–0.88) in the RFOF group and 0.31 (range, 0.14–0.35) in the RFO group, and the differences were significant (p < 0.001). The ratios of right atrium/left atrium, right ventricle/left ventricle, and pulmonary artery diameter to aorta diameter (PA/AO) and the pulmonary annulus Z‐scores were greater in fetuses with RFOF and RFO than in the controls (p < 0.05). Twenty‐seven of 33 fetuses (87.9%) with RFOF and 19 of 21 fetuses (90.5%) with RFO had good outcomes after birth.ConclusionThe ASEI may be a new tool for quantitatively assessing the mobility of foramen ovale flaps in fetuses with isolated RFOF or RFO.
Hepatobiliary circulation and dominant urinary excretion of homogentisic acid in a mouse model of alkaptonuria
Authors: Norman B. P. , Sutherland H. , Wilson P. J. M. , Rutland D. A. , Milan A. M. , Hughes A. T. , Davison A. S. , Khedr M. , Jarvis J. C. , Gallagher J. A. , Bou‐Gharios G. , Ranganath L. R. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAltered activity of specific enzymes in phenylalanine‐tyrosine (phe‐tyr) metabolism results in incomplete breakdown of various metabolite substrates in this pathway. Increased biofluid concentration and tissue accumulation of the phe‐tyr pathway metabolite homogentisic acid (HGA) is central to pathophysiology in the inherited disorder alkaptonuria (AKU). Accumulation of metabolites upstream of HGA, including tyrosine, occurs in patients on nitisinone, a licenced drug for AKU and hereditary tyrosinaemia type 1, which inhibits the enzyme responsible for HGA production. The aim of this study was to investigate the phe‐tyr metabolite content of key biofluids and tissues in AKU mice on and off nitisinone to gain new insights into the biodistribution of metabolites in these altered metabolic states. The data show for the first time that HGA is present in bile in AKU (mean [±SD] = 1003[±410] μmol/L; nitisinone‐treated AKU mean [±SD] = 45[±23] μmol/L). Biliary tyrosine, 3(4‐hydroxyphenyl)pyruvic acid (HPPA) and 3(4‐hydroxyphenyl)lactic acid (HPLA) are also increased on nitisinone. Urine was confirmed as the dominant elimination route of HGA in untreated AKU, but with indication of biliary excretion. These data provide new insights into pathways of phe‐tyr metabolite biodistribution and metabolism, showing for the first time that hepatobiliary excretion contributes to the total pool of metabolites in this pathway. Our data suggest that biliary elimination of organic acids and other metabolites may play an underappreciated role in disorders of metabolism. We propose that our finding of approximately 3.8 times greater urinary HGA excretion in AKU mice compared with patients is one reason for the lack of extensive tissue ochronosis in the AKU mouse model.
31P MR Spectroscopy in the Pancreas: Repeatability, Comparison With Liver, and Pilot Pancreatic Cancer Data
Authors: Seelen Leonard W.F. , van den Wildenberg Lieke , Gursan Ayhan , Froeling Martijn , Gosselink Mark W.J.M. , van der Kemp Wybe J.M. , Haj Mohammad Nadia , Molenaar I. Quintus , van Santvoort Hjalmar C. , Klomp Dennis W.J. , Prompers Jeanine J. 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundNon‐invasive evaluation of phosphomonoesters (PMEs) and phosphodiesters (PDEs) by 31‐phosphorus MR spectroscopy (31P MRS) may have potential for early therapy (non‐)response assessment in cancer. However, 31P MRS has not yet been applied to investigate the human pancreas in vivo.PurposeTo assess the technical feasibility and repeatability of 31P MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) of the pancreas, compare 31P metabolite levels between pancreas and liver, and determine the feasibility of 31P MRSI in pancreatic cancer.Study TypeProspective cohort study.Population10 healthy subjects (age 34 ± 12 years, four females) and one patient (73‐year‐old female) with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.Field Strength/Sequence7‐T, 31P FID‐MRSI, 1H gradient‐echo MRI.Assessment31P FID‐MRSI of the abdomen (including the pancreas and liver) was performed with a nominal voxel size of 20 mm (isotropic). For repeatability measurements, healthy subjects were scanned twice on the same day. The patient was only scanned once. Test–retest 31P MRSI data of pancreas and liver voxels (segmented on 1H MRI) of healthy subjects were quantified by fitting in the time domain and signal amplitudes were normalized to γ‐adenosine triphosphate. In addition, the PME/PDE ratio was calculated. Metabolite levels were averaged over all voxels within the pancreas, right liver lobe and left liver lobe, respectively.Statistical TestsRepeatability of test–retest data from healthy pancreas was assessed by paired t‐tests, Bland–Altman analyses, and calculation of the intrasubject coefficients of variation (CoVs). Significant differences between healthy pancreas and right and left liver lobes were assessed with a two‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for repeated measures. A P‐value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsThe intrasubject CoVs for PME, PDE, and PME/PDE in healthy pancreas were below 20%. Furthermore, PME and PME/PDE were significantly higher in pancreas compared to liver. In the patient with pancreatic cancer, qualitatively, elevated relative PME signals were observed in comparison with healthy pancreas.Data ConclusionIn vivo 31P MRSI of the human healthy pancreas and in pancreatic cancer may be feasible at 7 T.Evidence Level3Technical EfficacyStage 2
Chiral Photonic Super‐Crystals Based on Helical van der Waals Homostructures
Authors: Voronin Kirill V. , Toksumakov Adilet N. , Ermolaev Georgy A. , Slavich Aleksandr S. , Tatmyshevskiy Mikhail K. , Novikov Sergey M. , Vyshnevyy Andrey A. , Arsenin Aleksey V. , Novoselov Kostya S. , Ghazaryan Davit A. , Volkov Valentyn S. , Baranov Denis G. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractChirality is one of the most mysterious symmetry transformations. Very readily broken in biological systems, it is practically absent in naturally occurring inorganic materials and is very challenging to create artificially. Chiral optical wavefronts are often used for the identification, control, and discrimination of left‐ and right‐handed biological and other molecules. Thus, it is crucially important to create materials capable of chiral interaction with light, which would allow one to assign arbitrary chiral properties to a light field. This study utilizes van der Waals technology to assemble helical homostructures with chiral properties (e.g., circular dichroism). Because of the large range of van der Waals materials available, such helical homostructures can be assigned with very flexible optical properties. The approach is demonstrated by creating helical homostructures based on multilayer (arsenic trisulfide), which offers the most pronounced chiral properties even in thin structures due to its strong biaxial optically anisotropy. The work showcases that the chirality of an electromagnetic system may emerge at an intermediate level between the molecular and the mesoscopic one due to the tailored arrangement of non‐chiral layers of van der Waals crystals and without additional patterning.
Semi‐Transparent Luminescent Solar Concentrators Based on Intramolecular Energy Transfer in Polyurethane Matrices
Authors: Tatsi Elisavet , De Marzi Matteo , Mauri Luca , Colombo Alessia , Botta Chiara , Turri Stefano , Dragonetti Claudia , Griffini Gianmarco 
Published: March 2024

AbstractLuminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) are spectral conversion devices offering interesting opportunities for the integration of photovoltaics into the built environment and portable systems. The Förster‐resonance energy transfer (FRET) process can boost the optical response of LSCs by reducing energy losses typically associated to non‐radiative processes occurring within the device under operation. In this work, a new class of FRET‐based thin‐film LSC devices is presented, in which the synthetic versatility of linear polyurethanes (PU) is exploited to control the photophysical properties and the device performance of the resulting LSCs. A series of luminescent linear PUs are synthesized in the presence of two novel bis‐hydroxyl‐functionalized luminophores of suitable optical properties, used as chain extenders during the step‐growth polyaddition reaction for the formation of the linear macromolecular network. By synthetically tuning their composition, the obtained luminescent PUs can achieve a high energy transfer efficiency (≈90%) between the covalently linked luminophores. The corresponding LSC devices exhibit excellent photonic response, with external and internal photon efficiencies as high as ≈4% and ≈37%, respectively. Furthermore, their optimized power conversion efficiency combined with their enhanced average visible‐light transmittance highlight their suitability for potential use as transparent solar energy devices.