bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radio propagation in frequency selective buildings
Authors: Raspopoulos Marios , Chaudhry Farhan A. , Stavrou Stavros 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThis work proposes the deployment of frequency selective surfaces (FSS) in indoor wireless environments and investigates their effect on radio wave propagation. FSS could be used to isolate coverage in indoor areas by increasing the transmission loss through the interfaces. At the same time they can channel the signals into other areas of interest. Simulations have been carried out at two frequencies in order to verify the frequency selectivity of FSS. Copyright © 2006 AEIT
Comparison of modified dual queue and EDCA for VoIP over IEEE 802.11 WLAN
Authors: Yu Jeonggyun , Choi Sunghyun 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThe popular IEEE 802.11 WLAN today does not provide any quality of service (QoS) because of its contention‐based channel access nature of the medium access control (MAC). A simple software upgrade‐based solution, called a dual queue scheme, can be used to provide QoS to real‐time services such as Voice‐over‐IP (VoIP). The dual queue scheme operates on top of the legacy MAC. In this paper, we present a modified dual queue (MDQ) scheme by considering a practical implementation limitation. On the other hand, the emerging 802.11e MAC includes a contention‐based channel access mechanism, called enhanced distributed channel access (EDCA). Prioritized channel accesses are provided to different traffic classes under EDCA.In this paper, we comparatively evaluate the performances of MDQ and EDCA via simulations in terms of delay, jitter and throughput for various scenarios. We also compare the two access schemes when multiple transmission rates are used via rate adaptation mechanism for reliable transmission over erroneous wireless channel. The simulation results show that EDCA apparently provides a better performance in most situations. However, MDQ provides an acceptable performance close to that of EDCA so that it can be used when the EDCA is not available and/or the hardware upgrade to 802.11e is not desirable for the cost reason. Copyright © 2006 AEIT
Response to intraarterial induction chemotherapy: A prognostic parameter in oral and oropharyngeal cancer
Authors: Kovács Adorján F. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractBackground.Patients with head and neck cancer and good pathologic response to neoadjuvant systemic induction chemotherapy have a better prognosis for survival than do those with stable or progressive disease. Thus, induction chemotherapy could theoretically help in stratifying further treatment, but toxicity is much too high. The prognostic implication of superselective intraarterial high‐dose cisplatin administered by a femoral approach, which has much less toxicity, is not yet known.Methods.One hundred eighty‐seven unselected consecutive patients with previously untreated oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma received intraarterial high‐dose cisplatin for induction and were assessed for response by visual examination and palpation. This treatment was followed by surgery and adjuvant radiation with concomitant systemic chemotherapy. Omission of a modality depended on individual contraindications and not on preselection. The consequence of omissions has been the constitution of several treatment arms. The overall and disease‐free survival in relation to clinical local response after intraarterial induction chemotherapy was calculated using the Kaplan–Meier method. Additional analysis excluded bias caused by stages and treatment arms.Results.Explorative statistics using the log‐rank and chi‐square tests demonstrated a strong prognostic relevance of response to intraarterial chemotherapy irrespective of stage and treatment.Conclusions.Our results are encouraging for prospective randomized studies and molecular genetic investigations with intraarterial chemotherapy. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2006
Microsatellite instability as an indicator of malignant progression in laryngeal premalignancy
Authors: Sardi Iacopo , Franchi Alessandro , De Campora Luca , Passali Giulio Cesare , Gallo Oreste 
Published: May 2006

AbstractBackground.Microsatellite instability (MSI) is considered a novel marker of genetic instability, and preliminary studies have shown that it may provide useful information in assessing the risk of malignant progression in preinvasive lesions.Methods.We analyzed MSI in serial biopsy specimens from 10 patients with preinvasive laryngeal lesions and corresponding metachronous laryngeal cancers compared with biopsy specimens of similar lesions without malignant transformation from 20 subjects in a match‐paired analysis. MSI was determined by assessing the status of 14 microsatellite markers (chromosome loci: 2p16, 3q21‐24, 4q12, 9p21, 13q14, 16q22.1, 17p12 and 21q21) in DNA biopsy specimens.Results.MSI+ (aberration at two or more loci) was detected in seven of 10 patients with premalignant lesions progressed to carcinoma, whereas only four of the 20 biopsy specimens from control subjects showed an unstable phenotype (p < .01). Interestingly, preinvasive laryngeal lesions with MSI at hMSH2/hMSH6 loci frequently had instability at one or more additional loci and were considered as MSI+ (overall in eight of 12 cases: six premalignant lesions progressed to cancer and one without progression of the original laryngeal lesion, p < .01). The immunohistochemical analysis of the hMSH2 protein expression in our series, however, did not suggest its involvement in laryngeal carcinogenesis.Conclusions.Our study indicates that MSI is more common in preneoplastic laryngeal lesions progressing to cancer, thus suggesting that microsatellite status assessment may be useful in determining the risk of malignant progression in patients with preinvasive laryngeal lesions for whom chemopreventive and multiple endoscopic protocols can be attempted. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2006
Genetic polymorphisms of CYP1A1, CYP2E1, GSTM1, and GSTT1 associated with head and neck cancer
Authors: Gattás Gilka Jorge Figaro , de Carvalho Marcos Brasilino , Siraque Maria Salete , Curioni Otávio A. , Kohler Priscila , Eluf‐Neto Jose , Wünsch‐Filho Victor 
Published: May 2006

AbstractBackground.Alcohol intake and tobacco smoke, in addition to other environmental and genetic factors, have been associated with head and neck cancer. We evaluated the role of metabolic enzyme polymorphisms on the risk of head and neck cancer in a hospital‐based case‐control study.Methods.CYP1A1MspI, CYP2E1PstI, GSTM1, and GSTT1polymorphisms were evaluated in 103 histologically confirmed head and neck cancer cases and 102 controls by means of polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism methods.Results.GSTM1null increased the risk of head and neck cancer (odds ratio [OR], 2.2; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.24–3.79), oral cancer (OR, 2.8; 95% CI, 1.28–5.98), and pharyngeal cancer (OR, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.08–4.63). CYP2E1PstI polymorphism indicated a risk for oral cancer (OR, 3.6; 95% CI, 1.29–11.56). The joint effect of GSTM1 null and CYP1A1 polymorphism increased the risk of head and neck cancer (OR, 2.4; 95% CI, 1.13–5.10).Conclusions.GSTM1 null alone or associated with CYP1A1 increased the risk of head and neck cancer; the CYP2E1PstI mutated allele increased the risk for only oral cancer. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2006.
Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma arising in the ethmoid sinus of an 8‐year‐old girl with severe epistaxis
Authors: Birchler Manfred T. , Schmid Stephan , Holzmann David , Stallmach Thomas , Gysin Claudine 
Published: May 2006

AbstractBackground.Epistaxis is very common during childhood. It occurs primarily in boys and is usually self‐limiting. Trauma and nose picking are among the most common causes. In general, epistaxis can be easily treated with anterior nasal packing or electrocoagulation.Methods.We report a case of an 8‐year‐old girl with severe unilateral epistaxis.Results.The bleeding originated from a kaposiform hemangioendothelioma arising in the left nasal cavity and ethmoid sinus. The feeding vessels originating from the maxillary artery were first embolized. The tumor was then surgically removed through a combined external ethmoidectomy and endonasal approach. The postoperative course was uneventful. MRI at 6 months after surgery showed no tumor recurrence.Conclusions.We report a previously undescribed cause of epistaxis in children, namely, a kaposiform hemangioendothelioma. To our knowledge, this is the first such case in the English‐language literature. The differential diagnosis of severe unilateral nasal bleeding among the pediatric population should include the possibility of a kaposiform hemangioendothelioma. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2006
First clinical case of boron neutron capture therapy for head and neck malignancies using 18F‐BPA PET
Authors: Aihara Teruhito , Hiratsuka Junichi , Morita Norimasa , Uno Masako , Sakurai Yoshinori , Maruhashi Akira , Ono Koji , Harada Tamotsu 
Published: May 2006

AbstractBackground.We investigated the application of boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) to suitable cancers other than glioblastoma and melanoma. Head and neck malignancies were consequently selected as adaptable cancers. We reported the clinical results of our first case treated and discussed several advantages to the application of BNCT to head and neck tumors.Methods.The patient was a 48‐year‐old woman with recurrent submandibular gland cancer. We confirmed the p‐boronophenylalanine (BPA)‐accumulating capacity of the tumor by fluorine‐18‐labeled p‐boronophenylalanine positron emission tomography (18F‐BPA PET) before BNCT. The tumor/normal tissue boron concentration ratio was 2.9. The patient underwent a preirradiation CT scan for treatment planning performed using the “SERA” software program. The tumor was irradiated at the Kyoto University Research Reactor with epithermal neutrons 5 MW for 90 minutes. The tumor dose and normal tissue dose calculated ranged from 20.0 to 25.2 Gy and from 3.2 to 5.8 Gy, respectively.Results.To date there has been continuous complete regression in the tumor and no acute and chronic complications for 1.5 years.Conclusions.Although only 1 patient has shown complete regression and additional long‐term follow‐up should be required to assess this treatment, we believe that head and neck tumors are suitable for BNCT and that such excellent results will have a great impact on patients in the near future. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2006
Primary and salvage (hypo)pharyngectomy: Analysis and outcome
Authors: Clark Jonathan R. , de Almeida John , Gilbert Ralph , Irish Jonathan , Brown Dale , Neligan Peter , Gullane Patrick J. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractBackground.Surgery for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) arising or extending to the hypopharynx is generally reserved for advanced disease or salvage. The prognosis of patients requiring pharyngectomy is poor, and the perioperative morbidity is significant. The aim of the present study is to describe the disease‐related and treatment‐related outcomes of patients undergoing primary and salvage pharyngectomy for cancer of the hypopharynx and larynx over a 10‐year period from a single institution.Methods.We retrospectively reviewed 138 partial and circumferential pharyngectomies performed at a tertiary referral center between 1992 and 2002. There were 31 females and 107 males. The median age was 62 years (range, 27–81 years), and mean follow‐up was 3.6 years. Salvage pharyngectomy for radiation failure was performed in 72 patients (52%), and in 66 patients (48%) pharyngectomy was performed as the primary treatment.Results.The 5‐year overall survival rate after salvage pharyngectomy was 31% and after primary pharyngectomy was 38%. The 5‐year disease‐specific survival (DSS) for salvage was 40% and after primary surgery was 45%. The 5‐year local and regional control rates for salvage pharyngectomy were 71% and 70%, respectively, and for primary pharyngectomy were 79% and 67%, respectively. The perioperative mortality rate was 3.6%, and the combined morbidity rate was 70%. Postoperative hypocalcemia developed in 44% of patients, a pharyngocutaneous fistula developed in 31% of patients, and the long‐term stricture rate was 15%. Variables adversely affecting DSS on univariate analysis were nodal metastases (p = .044), extracapsular spread (ECS) (p = .006), poorly differentiated tumors (p = .015), lymphovascular invasion (p = .042), and positive tumor margins (p = .026). ECS (p = .023) was the only independent prognostic variable on multivariable analysis; however, there was a trend toward significance for nodal metastases (p = .064) and tumor differentiation (p = .079).Conclusion.This study demonstrates that both salvage pharyngectomy and primary surgery for advanced disease are viable options with high locoregional control. However, this represents a high‐risk group in terms of both operative morbidity and survival. Patients with nodal metastases, ECS, and poorly differentiated tumors are likely to succumb to their disease and should be selected for adjuvant therapy when possible. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 28: 671–677, 2006
Expression of xenobiotic and steroid hormone metabolizing enzymes in human breast carcinomas
Authors: Haas Susanne , Pierl Christiane , Harth Volker , Pesch Beate , Rabstein Sylvia , Brüning Thomas , Ko Yon , Hamann Ute , Justenhoven Christina , Brauch Hiltrud , Fischer Hans‐Peter 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThe potential to metabolize endogenous and exogenous substances may influence breast cancer development and tumor growth. Therefore, the authors investigated the protein expression of Glutathione S‐transferase (GST) isoforms and cytochrome P450 (CYP) known to be involved in the metabolism of steroid hormones and endogenous as well as exogenous carcinogens in breast cancer tissue to obtain new information on their possible role in tumor progression. Expression of GST pi, mu, alpha and CYP1A1/2, 1A2, 3A4/5, 1B1, 2E1 was assessed by immunohistochemistry for primary breast carcinomas of 393 patients from the German GENICA breast cancer collection. The percentages of positive tumors were 50.1 and 44.5% for GST mu and CYP2E1, and ranged from 13 to 24.7% for CYP1A2, GST pi, CYP1A1/2, CYP3A4/5, CYP1B1. GST alpha was expressed in 1.8% of tumors. The authors observed the following associations between strong protein expression and histopathological characteristics: GST expression was associated with a better tumor differentiation (GST mu, p = 0.018) and with reduced lymph node metastasis (GST pi, p = 0.02). In addition, GST mu expression was associated with a positive estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor status (p < 0.001). CYP3A4/5 expression was associated with a positive nodal status (p = 0.018). Expression of CYP1B1 was associated with poor tumor differentiation (p = 0.049). Our results demonstrate that the majority of breast carcinomas expressed xenobiotic and drug metabolizing enzymes. They particularly suggest that GST mu and pi expression may indicate a better prognosis and that strong CYP3A4/5 and CYP1B1 expression may be key features of nonfavourable prognosis. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Resistance to apoptosis of HCW‐2 cells can be overcome by curcumin‐ or vincristine‐induced mitotic catastrophe
Authors: Magalska Adriana , Sliwinska Malgorzata , Szczepanowska Joanna , Salvioli Stefano , Franceschi Claudio , Sikora Ewa 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThe term mitotic catastrophe has recently become widely used to describe a form of death affecting many cancer cells, which, because of severe DNA or mitotic spindle damage, are not able to bypass mitosis. We show here that cells of the HL‐60‐derived HCW‐2 line highly resistant to apoptosis, upon treatment with curcumin or vincristine, undergo mitotic catastrophe that is finalized by caspase 3 activation and oligonucleosomal DNA degradation. Curcumin is a natural dye, derived from Curcuma longa that has been shown to induce cell death in many cancer cells. Both treatments decrease cell proliferation and cell survival, arrest cells in G2/M phase of cell cycle and induce morphological changes characterized by cell enlargement and micronucleation. “Catastrophic” cells comprise a separate subpopulation with less than 4C DNA, as evidenced by flow and scanning cytometry. This subpopulation is MPM‐2 positive. Thymidine block increased the number of cell arrested in the G2/M phase of cell cycle and curcumin effectiveness as an inducer of mitotic catastrophe. Curcumin, but not vincristine, acts on HCW‐2 cells by inhibiting the expression of survivin, a modulator of cell division and apoptosis in cancer. Altogether our results show that apoptosis resistance can be overcome by inducing mitotic catastrophe in HCW‐2 cells. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
p53 Arg72Pro polymorphism and risk of colorectal adenoma and cancer
Authors: Koushik Anita , Tranah Gregory J. , Ma Jing , Stampfer Meir J. , Sesso Howard D. , Fuchs Charles S. , Giovannucci Edward L. , Hunter David J. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractA single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) at codon 72 of the p53 gene (Arg72Pro) alters the p53 protein structure and affects its activity. We investigated this SNP in relation to colorectal adenoma and cancer among men and women from case–control studies nested within the Nurses' Health Study, the Health Professionals Follow‐up Study and the Physicians' Health Study. Among 856 colorectal adenoma cases and 1,184 controls, we observed a modest association with p53 Arg72Pro genotype (multivariate odds ratio (OR) = 1.25, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.04–1.50 for Arg/Pro and Pro/Pro vs. Arg/Arg). This association did not vary by colorectal site or by sex. Among 442 colorectal cancer cases and 904 controls, we observed no significant overall association between p53 Arg72Pro genotype and colorectal cancer (multivariate OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 0.90–1.45). However, when colorectal site and sex was accounted for, the Pro carrier genotypes compared to Arg/Arg were associated with an increased risk of proximal colon cancers in women (multivariate OR = 2.59, 95% CI = 1.49–4.52) though not with distal colon or rectal cancers, while among men the same genotypes were associated with an increased risk of distal colon cancers (multivariate OR = 2.09, 95% CI = 1.28–3.40) but not proximal colon or rectal cancers. Our results suggest that Arg72Pro may play a role in the early stages of colorectal neoplasia and possibly in progression to invasive disease, depending on site and sex. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Food intake and risk of squamous cell carcinoma of the skin in a community: The Nambour skin cancer cohort study
Authors: Hughes Maria Celia , van der Pols Jolieke C. , Marks Geoffrey C. , Green Adèle C. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThere is some evidence that dietary factors may modify the risk of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the skin, but the association between food intake and SCC has not been evaluated prospectively. We examined the association between food intake and SCC incidence among 1,056 randomly selected adults living in an Australian sub‐tropical community. Measurement‐error corrected estimates of intake in 15 food groups were defined from a validated food frequency questionnaire in 1992. Associations with SCC risk were assessed using Poisson and negative binomial regression to the persons affected and tumour counts, respectively, based on incident, histologically confirmed tumours occurring between 1992 and 2002. After multivariable adjustment, none of the food groups was significantly associated with SCC risk. Stratified analysis in participants with a past history of skin cancer showed a decreased risk of SCC tumours for high intakes of green leafy vegetables (RR = 0.45, 95% CI = 0.22–0.91; p for trend = 0.02) and an increased risk for high intake of unmodified dairy products (RR = 2.53, 95% CI: 1.15–5.54; p for trend = 0.03). Food intake was not associated with SCC risk in persons who had no past history of skin cancer. These findings suggest that consumption of green leafy vegetables may help prevent development of subsequent SCCs of the skin among people with previous skin cancer and that consumption of unmodified dairy products, such as whole milk, cheese and yoghurt, may increase SCC risk in susceptible persons. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
DNA mismatch repair as an effector for promoting phorbol ester‐induced apoptotic DNA damage and cell killing: Implications in tumor promotion
Authors: Lin Ching‐Tai , Lin Wei‐Hsin , Lee Kuan‐Der , Tzeng Pay‐Yu 
Published: May 2006

AbstractPhorbol ester was known to activate protein kinase C (PKC) and exert numerous cellular effects, including proliferation, apoptosis, and oncogenic transformation. How phorbol ester stimulates both apoptosis and tumor promotion is not clear. Here DNA mismatch repair (MMR)‐proficient human colon cancer cells (DLD‐1+Ch2; hMSH6+) treated with 12‐O‐tetradecanoylphorbol‐13‐acetate (TPA) undergo rapid cell death, which is significantly abolished by staurosporine (PKC inhibitor) or antioxidant, compared with the paired MMR‐deficient (DLD‐1; hMSH6−) cells. Induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by TPA is shown to be one of downstream effectors required, but not sufficient, for cell killing as it is also observed in DLD‐1 cells. Strikingly, DLD‐1+Ch2 cells selected for resistance to TPA are found to lose the expression of hMSH6. Treatment of TPA‐resistant DLD‐1+Ch2 cells with 5‐aza‐2′‐deoxycytidine, not only restores hMSH6 expression but also resensitizes TPA‐resistant cells to TPA, suggesting that expression of hMSH6 is transcriptionally silenced by cytosine methylation confirmed directly by bisulfite sequencing. Knockdown hMSH6 or hPMS2 with siRNA in DLD‐1+Ch2 cells resulted in more resistant to TPA‐induced cell killing, further suggesting that MMR proteins involve in TPA or ROS‐induced cell killing. Results suggest that deficiency in MMR could promote tumorigenesis by inhibiting apoptotic responses to ROS‐mediated DNA damages as ROS are continuously produced as a byproduct of normal metabolism. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Reduced incidence of cervical cancer in mothers of sons with allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, asthma or eczema
Authors: Ivansson Emma L. , Rasmussen Finn , Gyllensten Ulf B. , Magnusson Patrik K.E. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractBecause infection with human papillomavirus is a necessary cause of cervical cancer, it is likely that host immunological factors involved in defense against such infections are important for susceptibility to this cancer. By examining associations between allergy in sons and cervical cancer in their mothers, we aimed to test for genetic components involved in both allergy and cervical cancer development. Women born in Sweden between 1932 and 1960 with at least 1 son with medical records from military conscription examination were included in the study (N = 717,963). Among these women there were 41,910 in situ and 3,618 invasive cases of cervical cancer. Hazard ratios of in situ and invasive cervical cancer were estimated as functions of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, asthma and eczema diagnoses in sons. Adjustment was made for the possible confounders: age, year of birth, education, socio‐economic index, geography, number of conscripted sons and total number of offspring. The risk of in situ and invasive cervical cancer was lower for women having sons diagnosed with hypersensitivity (allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, asthma or eczema). Fully adjusted hazard ratios for women with 1 hypersensitive son were for in situ 0.86 (95% CI 0.84–0.88) and for invasive cervical cancer 0.82 (95% CI 0.74–0.91). The protective effects were similar between the 3 allergic diagnoses and increased with number of sons with a diagnosis. There was no significant association between non‐cervical cancer in mothers and allergy in sons. These results strengthen the hypothesis that inherited immunological factors are important in determining risk of cervical cancer, probably by affecting mechanisms for viral persistence. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.