bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficiency of Anti‐D IgG Prevention after Induced Abortion
Authors: Simonovits I. 
Published: March 2009

Abstract. In the years 1971–1972 a total of 8,986 Rh‐negative women who underwent induced abortion in the first trimester of pregnancy were protected with 50 μg anti‐D IgG. Among these were 2,419 primigravidae. Out of these, serological controls could be performed in 1,588 patients 3 or 6 months after abortion. The control has shown that 4 of the 1,588 protected primigravidae (0.25%) became immunized. Two of these proved to be positive only by the papain test.Anti‐D prophylaxis diminishes immunization of the abortion recipient to about 1/20 when using the risk figures reported in the literature. Results of the prophylaxis and the observation that 38.0% of the women undergoing induced abortion are young (15–19 years old) justify the opinion of those who advocate administration of anti‐D in induced abortion.
Selective IgA Deficiency in Blood Donors
Authors: Koistinen J. 
Published: March 2009

Abstract. The frequency of selective deficiency of serum IgA was determined in a population of 64,588 new Finnish blood donors by Ouchterlony's double diffusion with 10 μg/ml as the limit of detection. The incidence was 1:396. Those found IgA‐deficient were retested by hemagglutination inhibition and by radioimmunoassay. The calculated incidences of IgA levels below 0.5 and 0.015 μg/ml were 1:500 and 1:800, respectively.Statistically significant compensatory elevation of serum IgG was observed in the IgA‐deficient donors. The IgM levels were not changed.Among 9,920 hospital patients, the incidence of IgA deficiency was 1:660. The age structure of the IgA‐deficient patients was similar to that of the IgA‐deficient healthy blood donors but lower than that of hospital patients in general. No difference was observed between the clinical history of IgA‐deficient blood donors and of the controls.
Platelet Indirect Radioactive Coombs Test. Its Utilization for Pla1 Grouping
Authors: Soulier J. P. , Patereau Claude , Drouet J. 
Published: March 2009

Abstract. A platelet indirect radioactive Coombs test (PIRC) has been described. The technique for purification and labelling the antiglobulin has been precised. This test allowed the typing of platelets in the PLA system by using an absorbed serum from a mother of a thrombocytopenic child. Six other families of neonatal thrombocytopenias were tested. In three of them, the mothers were found PLA1 negative (PLA2, PLA2). Among a panel of 93 platelets, two (0.022) were found PLA1, negative.This PIRC test has many advantages compared to other tests such as platelet complement fixation, assay for blocking antibodies or antiglobulin consumption: it gives objective and quantitative results and is highly reproducible; anticomplementary serum may be tested.
Cell Electrophoretic, Membrane Sialic Acid and Quantitative Hemagglutination Studies on some MN Variants1
Authors: Luner Stephen J. , Sturgeon Phillip , Szklarek Dorothy , McQuiston Dorothy T. 
Published: March 2009

Abstract. The group of conditions exhibiting diminished MN antigenicity, increased saline agglutinability, decreased electrophoretic mobility and reduced membrane content of sialic acid includes enzyme‐treated cells, the hereditary MNSs variants Mkand Mg, En(a‐) and the acquired condition of persistent mixed‐field polyagglutinability.Here we report our studies on the above serological, chemical and biophysical properties of Mg, Mk and EnaEn? cells and on two additional hereditary variants, Miltenberger III and V, (Mi‐III and Mi‐V). The latter clearly fits into this groups of conditions. On the other hand, Mi‐III shows its kinship to the broad group of abnormalities of membrane glycophorin but it deviates from normal in the opposite direction. That is we find evidence of decreased saline agglutinability, increased electrophoretic mobility and of increased sialic acid content. Moreover, in the rare MsMi‐IIIMkphenotype, the opposing effects evident in the heterozygotes tend to balance out their serologic and physicochemical expressions in the double heterozygote.
The HLA Polymorphism and Susceptibility to Disease1
Authors: Mittal KamalK. 
Published: March 2009

Abstract. Remarkable differences were observed when 1,465 healthy Caucasian individuals and 128 healthy Negro individuals were compared for the genetic distribution of 25 different HLA antigens. Caucasians had a significantly higher frequency of A1, A3, B8, and Bw16, and Negroes of A28 and Aw30. The haplotype which had the highest incidence as well as the greatest positive linkage disequilibrium was A1‐B8 among Caucasians and A2‐B12 among Negroes. Genetic distance between the two races was 0.0592.The 89 Caucasian patients with renal failure did not demonstrate any significant deviations in phenotype frequencies (PF) of various antigens, when compared with healthy Caucasians; however, 48 similar Negro patients had twice as high an incidence of Bw17 as the healthy Negroes.No significant deviation in PF was observed in 77 Caucasian patients who had leukemia; however, 32 Caucasian patients who had back pain (24 also had back stiffness) due to spondylitic, arthritic or disc syndrome, had a significant increase of Bw16 and of B27, and a decrease of B12, when compared to Caucasian controls.
Variations of H, A and B Antigen Strengths among Melanesians
Authors: Booth P. B. , Sturrock Sue 
Published: March 2009

Abstract. Melanesians of groups O, A1 and B all show greater variation of H antigen strength than do Caucasians. This is least marked in O bloods. Although the average H content of Melanesian and Caucasian samples did not differ significantly, 10% of O and over 20% of A1 and B bloods from coastal Austronesian speakers had higher H than was found among Caucasians. There is evidence that some non‐Austronesian populations in New Guinea have twice this incidence of A1 high H.Melanesian and Bantu H, A1 and B genes appear to function similarly, in that their B genes act more effectively than Caucasian, their A1 genes less so, while H produces greater variation. It is suggested that this gene interaction, rather than the significantly greater availability of H or substrate in the Bantu, causes the observed variations from the Caucasian pattern found in the other races.Subjects with selective antigenic depression were excluded from the comparative studies, but the relevance of this phenomenon to apparent H content in Melanesians is discussed.
An Alberta Cree Indian with a Rare Duffy Antibody, Anti‐Fy 3
Authors: Buchanan Donald I. , Sinclair Margaret , Sanger Ruth , Gavin June , Teesdale Phyllis 
Published: March 2009

Abstract. Anti‐Fy3, found in the serum of an Fy(a‐b‐) Cree Indian woman believed to have been transfused 5 years previously, caused moderate hemolytic disease of the newborn in her eighth live‐born baby. Only three examples of anti‐Fy3 are known. It is striking that two were made by non‐negro people, amongst whom Fy(a‐b‐) is extremely rare, and only one by a Negro, in whose people Fy(a‐b‐) is by far the commonest phenotype. This suggests that Fy(a‐b‐) may be a heterogeneous phenotype, with the negro version conferring some impediment to immunization by Fya, Fyb or Fy3 antigens.The rare allele Fyx is also present in the kindred of the propositus, and is shown to correspond to weak Fy3 as well as weak Fyb antigen.
A New Serum Lipoprotein Associated Erythrocyte Antigen which Reacts with a Monoclonal IgM
Authors: Beaumont J. L. , Lorenzelli L. , Delplanque B. , Zittoun R. , Homberg J. C. 
Published: March 2009

Abstract. A monoclonal IgM (IgM Re) was found to react with stored human red blood cells (SHRBC) and human low density lipoprotein (LDL). IgM Re Fab fragment was reactive. SHRBC antigen was present, in a hidden state, in all fresh human ABO erythrocytes studies; it was not present in fresh or stored animal RBC. Cross reactivity of SHRBC and LDL antigens against IgM Re and IgM Re Fab was demonstrated.In contrast with SHRBC antigen, LDL antigen has no species specificity and was also found in rabbit and rat LDL. Furthermore, cross‐reacting soluble inhibitors were also found in human saliva, and in a small molecule fraction issued from human and rabbit serum. The IgM Re also reacted with human and animal glomerular membrane.These findings are suggestive of two closely related but not identical antigens: a human specific SHRBC antigen and a LDL‐associated, SHRBC‐like antigen, which is a secreted, non‐human specific substance. The former is part of the human RBC structure, the latter is a soluble molecule which may be found in saliva and in serum where it may be free or bound to LDL; it also binds to glomerular membranes.
Selective Depression of Blood Group Antigens Associated with Hereditary Ovalocytosis among Melanesians
Authors: Booth P. B. , Serjeantson S. , Woodfield D. G. , Amato D. 
Published: March 2009

Abstract. Recessively inherited ovalocytosis in coastal Melanesians is associated with widespread, but selective, depression of blood group antigens in homozygotes, who comprise about 15% of these populations. It is suggested that a membrane anomaly exists, and that the series of depressed determinants all depend, for their full expression, upon the same membrane component(s), the proper synthesis of which is being genetically affected. Affected antigens would thus be associated by position and/or structure.Antigens subject to depression include IT, IF, LW, D, C, e, S, s, U, Kpb, Jka, Jkb, Xga, Wrb, Scl and Ena, which are simultaneously affected when present on oval cells. Reactivity of A1, ID, i, P1, M, N, Lub, k, Fya, Coa, Vel and Gea appears to be within the normal range on depressed cells, as does sialic acid content. Indirect evidence suggests that Z (associated with S and s) is among the depressed series, while NA and Leb are not.High H variants, common among Melanesians, seem absent among depressed bloods, and when such variants were excluded, H, A and B did not appear subject to depression.The distribution pattern of ovalocytosis suggests that it may confer some selective advantage in the tropical coastal environment. The findings also have implications concerning population genetic work in New Guinea.
Morphology and Physiology of the McLeod Erythrocyte
Authors: Galey William R. , Evan Andrew P. , Van Nice Paul S. , Dail William G. , Wimer Bruce M. , Cooper Richard A. 
Published: March 2009

Abstract. The McLeod phenotype is a rare condition characterized by deficiencies in the Kell blood group antigens of erythrocytes. The present study has defined some of the morphological and physiological characteristics of these red cells.Scanning electron microscopy reveals that approximately 27% of McLeod cells are morphologically abnormal. These aberrant forms resemble the acanthocytes of abetalipoproteinemia. Tncubation experiments indicate that the morphology of McLeod erythrocytes is not due to a plasma factor. Biochemical studies reveal that the lipid composition and microviscosity of these erythrocytes are normal. In addition, isotopic tracer experiments indicate that electrolyte transport is also within the normal range. However, osmotic water permeability is approximately 30% below normal. The absence of a lipid abnormality and other experimental data suggest that the abnormal morphology and reduced H2O permeability of the McLeod erythrocyte may be due to defective membrane protein.
Immunoglobulin Epitopes in Primates
Authors: van Loghem Erna , de Lange Gerda 
Published: March 2009

Abstract. Non‐human primate sera were investigated for the presence of various human immunoglobulin epitopes including allotypes of ϰ‐, γ1‐, γ2‐, γ3‐ and α2‐chains, isotypes of ϰ‐, γ1‐, γ2‐, γ3‐, γ4‐, α1‐, α2‐ and μ‐chains and iso‐allotypes. The non‐human primate sera comprised representatives of several species of apes, Old World monkeys, New World monkeys and prosimians.It is concluded that non‐human primate immunoglobulins have many structural similarities with those of human IgM, IgA and IgG. The extent of these similarities parallels the taxonomic classification.
A Family with Allo‐Immune Neonatal Neutropenia: Group‐Specific Pathogenicity of Maternal Antibodies
Authors: Verheugt F. W. A. , van Noord‐Bokhorst J. C. , von dem Borne A. E. G. Kr. , Engelfriet C. P. 
Published: March 2009

Abstract. A family is presented, in which the mother developed strong neutrophil granulocyte‐specific antibodies with the specificity anti‐NA1. The first and third children, both NA1‐positive, suffered from severe transient neonatal neutropenia, but the second child, NA1‐negative, did not.Anti‐NA1 antibodies were detectable in the serum of one affected child and the antibody level was directly related to the extent of neutropenia. The incidence of granulocyte‐specific antibodies in 198 pregnant women was determined and found to be low.
Development of Large Scale Fractionation Methods
Authors: Wickerhauser M. , Williams C. , Mercer J. 
Published: March 2009

Abstract. A large scale method for preparation of antithrombin III (AT III) concentrate from plasma or from Cohn fraction IV‐1 (Fr. IV‐1) has been described. It consists of the following steps: (a) partial purification by precipitation of impurities with 20% polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4000; (b) isolation of AT III from the PEG supernatant by batch adsorption and elution on heparin‐Sepharose at a ratio corresponding to 45 vol of plasma or 80 vol of 10% Fr. IV‐1 solution to 1 vol of gel; (c) concentration and desalting of the eluted AT III on a Pellicon ultrafiltration system; (d) pasteurization of AT III concentrate by heating for 10 h at 60°C in the presence of 0.5 M sodium citrate at pH 7.5; (e) removal of excess citrate by gel filtration on Sephadex G‐50; and (f) sterile filtration, filling and lyophilization. The recovery by activity was 32% from a 113‐liter plasma batch and 16% from a 42‐kg Fr. IV‐1 batch.Both AT III concentrates, derived either from plasma or from Fr. IV‐1, had similar specific activity and electrophoretic purity, were nonpyrogenic and met all other FDA requirements for biologic products.Pasteurization induced changes in disc gel and isotachophoretic patterns of AT III preparations.
Plasma Exchange in the Management of Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: Preliminary Observations
Authors: Valbonesi M. , Garelli S. , Mosconi L. , Zerbi D. , Forlani G. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractSince humoral factors have been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) and previous attempts at therapeutic intervention have not met with uniform success, plasma exchange (PE) was recently proposed for the management of this disease. We are currently investigating the possible effectiveness of PE in the treatment of MS, and to date 6 patients have been entered into the study. At least 4 of our patients who did not respond to conventional therapy have shown unequivocal, moderate to marked improvement following the first session of PE. At the time of treatment, these patients had an acute exacerbation of their disease. We found no correlation between clinical improvement and the serum immune complex levels, suggesting that other poorly known mechanisms were operative. Based on our preliminary results, we feel that PE may be efficacious in treating exacerbations of MS. More evidence is needed on the effects of PE in the chronic stage of the disease.
Plasma Exchange as a Therapy for Guillain‐Barré Syndrome with Immune Complexes
Authors: Valbonesi M. , Garelli S. , Mosconi L. , Zerbi D. , Celano I. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractSmall volume plasma exchange (PE) was evaluated in 6 patients with acute Guillain‐Barré syndrome (GBS) and in 1 with its chronic relapsing type. Patients were treated during the onset or progression of their neurologic involvement and no other combined therapy was provided. 6 of our patients had clear benefit following the first session. Two procedures on alternate days were carried out in 4 patients while a third procedure was performed in 3 due to insufficient exchange or to equivocal improvement. After PE, patients showed moderate to marked improvement in motor strength, in their ventilatory function and in their sensory symptoms, which improved definitely but more slowly than motility. Each patient showed, prior to therapy, high levels of immune complexes; their level was clearly reduced by PE and clinical results correlated with this removal. No relapse was observed during 5–15 months of appropriate follow‐up.
Effect of Combined Treatment of Serum Containing Hepatitis B Virus with Beta‐Propiolactone and Ultraviolet Irradiation
Authors: Stephan W. , Berthold H. , Prince A.M. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe effect of cold sterilization by β‐propiolactone (β‐PL) and ultraviolet (UV) irradiation of serum contaminated with infectious hepatitis B virus (HBV) was investigated in chimpanzees. Chimpanzees given 0.1 ml/kg of the undiluted HBV serum estimated to contain 107‐108 CID50/ml developed acute hepatitis B infection 4 weeks after inoculation. Chimpanzees injected with the same undiluted hepatitis serum treated with β‐PLAJV developed hepatitis B infection 14 weeks later. Based on the published linear relationship between log dose of HBV and incubation period in chimpanzees this indicates a 106‐fold reduction in infectivity titer. Animals inoculated with the serum diluted 1:1,000 showed manifest hepatitis B infection 11 weeks later. Animals inoculated with serum diluted 1:1,000 and then cold sterilized with b&#x030a;‐PL/U V showed no signs of hepatitis B infection. Sensitive proteins are not denaturated by β‐PL/UV cold sterilization.
Serological Markers of Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Healthy Volunteer Blood Donors in Campania (Southern Italy)
Authors: Ascione A. , Forte G.B. , Amitrano L. , de Bellis G. , Pandolfi C. , Iaccarino L. , Mariconda M. , Petringa D. , Utech W. , Vacca C. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) serological markers was determined in a prospective fashion by radioimmunoassay in 2,084 healthy volunteer blood donors. The results showed that 51.2% of the donors were positive for at least one marker, and the percentage of occurrence of each marker was: HBsAg 5.3, anti‐HBs alone 1.7, anti‐HBc alone 10.8, anti‐HBs and anti‐HBc 33.3. Because of the size of the problem this investigation strongly demands further studies on the potential role of blood positive for anti‐HBc in transmitting HBV infection in our geographical area.
Protease Modification Enhances Anti‐D Binding to Nucleated Red Blood Cell Precursors1
Authors: Rearden A. , Masouredis S.P. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractProtease modification of nucleated red blood cell precursors resulted in significant enhancement of anti‐D binding, indicating the presence of cryptic Rh determinants within the plasma membrane of the developing erythroid cell. Protease‐modified nucleated precursor cells bound less anti‐D than protease‐modified mature red blood cells, however, suggesting that the total content of D antigen in the developing erythropoietic plasma membrane is reduced. These findings support the hypothesis that the D antigen, an integral membrane protein, is progressively synthesized during erythropoiesis.
Influence of a Blood Component Program on Postoperative Complication Rates: A Retrospective Study in 372 Patients
Authors: Lundsgaard‐Hansen P. , Koch St. , Lindt R. , Senn A. , Tschirren B. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractWe did a retrospective study of 372 thoracic and cardiovascular surgery patients, except open heart cases, which were treated by the same senior staff during the last year before (N=197) and the first year after (N=175) the introduction of a blood component program. There were no other basic changes of therapeutic policies. The two populations were comparable with respect to various basic characteristics. During the period ‘before’ the large majority of red cell units was ‘deplasmatized’ blood with a plasma deficit of 100 ml and a hematocrit of 40%. During the period ‘after’ it was red cell concentrates with a plasma deficit of 200 ml and a hematocrit of 70%. The usage pattern of red cell units did not change. The only statistically significant (and deliberate) quantitative difference between the transfusion regimens ‘before’ and ‘after’ was a more extensive intraoperative use of a gelatin plasma substitute to balance the plasma deficit of the red cell concentrates. As judged by various criteria, the postoperative courses of the patients ‘before’ and ‘after’ were virtually indistinguishable. We conclude that the blood component program practised at our hospital has no adverse effects on the postoperative course.
Development of an HLA‐Bw60 Antibody in a Multiparous HLA‐Bw61 Positive Woman
Authors: Fauchet R. , Saleun J.P. , Dejour G. , Genetet B. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractAn HLA‐B7 related Bw60 antibody was produced by pregnancy in an HLA‐Bw61 positive woman. The 2 specificities reacted with the B7, Bw60 cells of the proband's husband and could be separated by absorption. This report is an additional evidence of the heterogeneity of B40, a complex known to include the antigens Bw60 and Bw61.
Plasma Exchange in Rheumatoid Vasculitis
Authors: Brubaker Daniel B. , Winkelstein Alan 
Published: March 2009

AbstractVasculitis is an uncommon, extremely debilitating complication of severe, chronic rheumatoid arthritis. High levels of circulating immune complexes along with vascular deposition of immunoglobulins and complement indicate an immune complex mediated disease. No pharmacologic therapy has been completely effective and the incidence of mortality is exceptionally high. This study shows clinical improvement with combination of plasma exchange and cytoxan therapy. We report an association in the conspicuous decline of immune complexes with objective clinical remission in 2 patients who underwent combination therapy. This adjunctive combination therapeutic modality is recommended in the treatment of rheumatoid vasculitis.
A Modified Radio‐Immune Antiglobulin Test for the Screening of Anti‐Red Blood Cell Antibodies in Hybridoma Supernatants
Authors: Bessos Hagop , James Keith , McClelland Brian 
Published: March 2009

AbstractA radio‐immune antiglobulin test was developed using mouse monoclonal anti‐human A red blood cell (RBC) antibodies, and applied to the screening and study of hybridoma supernatants containing anti‐human RBC antibodies. The latter antibodies were provided either as known monoclonal antibodies from culture supernatants and ascitic fluids, or as culture supernatants to be screened. The technical feasibility of the test was greatly facilitated by the use of remova‐well disposable polystyrene plates, multichannel pipettes, and multiple‐plate centrifuge holders. The sensitivity of the test and its relevance for the screening of hybridoma anti‐human RBC antibodies is discussed.
Lea Blood Group Substance Degradation in the Human Alimentary Tract and Urinary Lea in Coeliac Disease
Authors: Evans D.A.P. , Donohoe W.T.A. , Hewitt S. , Linaker B.D. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe Lewis (Lea) blood group substance in alimentary tract liquids is a large molecule. Ileal and jejunal mucosal preparations can act upon it to produce dialysable serologically active Lea. Alimentary tract bacteria cannot produce a similar effect. Plasma, serum and urinary Lea are principally in the form of a dialysable moiety. It is suggested that this dialysable form is produced by mucosal degradation of large‐molecule Lea in the alimentary tract. The small‐molecule Lea is absorbed, transported in the plasma and then excreted. Both secretor and non‐secretor patients with duodenal ulcer and inflammatory bowel disease have normal urinary Lea titres. Non‐secretor coeliac patients who have not regenerated normal jejunal mucosa on treatment have significantly reduced urinary Lea titres when compared with healthy individuals. One non‐secretor coeliac patient who had regenerated a normal jejunal mucosa on treatment had a normal urinary Lea titre. Coeliac patients have normal titres of salivary Lea.