bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Controlling response order without relying on stimulus order – evidence for flexible representations of task order
Authors: Kürten Jens , Strobach Tilo , Huestegge Lynn 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn dual-task situations, both component tasks are typically not executed simultaneously but rather one after another. Task order is usually determined based on bottom-up information provided by stimulus presentation order, but also affected by top-down factors such as instructions and/or differentially dominant component tasks (e.g., oculomotor task prioritization). Recent research demonstrated that in the context of a randomly switching stimulus order, task order representations can be integrated with specific component task information rather than being coded in a purely abstract fashion (i.e., by containing only generic order information). This conclusion was derived from observing consistently smaller task-order switch costs for a preferred (e.g., oculomotor-manual) versus a non-preferred (e.g., manual-oculomotor) task order (i.e., order-switch cost asymmetries). Since such a representational format might have been especially promoted by the sequential stimulus presentation employed, we investigated task-order representations in situations without any bottom-up influence of stimulus order. To this end, we presented task stimuli simultaneously and cued the required task-order in advance. Experiment 1 employed abstract order transition cues that only indicated a task-order repetition (vs. switch) relative to the previous trial, while Experiment 2 used explicit cues that unambiguously indicated the task-order. Experiment 1 revealed significant task-order switch costs only for the second task (of either task order) and no order-switch cost asymmetries, indicating a rather generic representation of task order. Experiment 2 revealed task-order switch costs in both component tasks with a trend toward order-switch cost asymmetries, indicating an integration of task order representations with component task information. These findings highlight an astonishing flexibility of mental task-order representations during task-order control.
The role of histological subtype and chemotherapy on prognosis of ureteral cancer
Authors: Li Jincong , Song Yuxuan , Peng Yun , Lin Jiaxing , Du Yiqing , Qin Caipeng , Xu Tao 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Objective
To date, there have been few studies examining the prognostic implications of histological subtypes in ureteral cancer. And chemotherapy plays a crucial role in the treatment of ureteral cancer, while many factors influence the efficacy of chemotherapy. This study aimed to utilize the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database to assess the impact of histological type on ureteral cancer prognostic outcomes and discovered how histological type and T-stage influence the efficacy of chemotherapy.

Methods
Based on Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program, we reviewed 8915 records of patients with primary ureteral cancer from 18 centers between 2000 and 2018. We focused on the overall survival and cancer-specific survival of the records and used Kaplan‒Meier method to calculate survival curves.

Results
In the comparison of prognostic outcomes, atypical subtypes exhibited a less favorable prognosis compared to typical ureteral carcinoma. Notably, patients diagnosed with papillary urothelial carcinoma demonstrated the most favorable overall survival (p = 0.005). Statistically significant benefits were observed in the prognosis of patients with non-papillary urothelial carcinoma who received chemotherapy (HR = 0.860, 95% CI 0.764–0.966, p = 0.011), while chemotherapy did not yield a statistically significant effect on the prognosis of patients with papillary urothelial carcinoma (HR = 1.055, 95% CI 0.906–1.228, p = 0.493). Chemotherapy had an adverse impact on the prognosis of patients with T1 ureteral cancer (HR = 1.235, 95% CI 1.016–1.502, p = 0.034), whereas it exhibited a positive prognostic effect for T3/T4 cases (HR = 0.739, 95% CI 0.654–0.835, p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Histological type affects the prognosis of ureteral cancer. And evaluation of cancer histological type and T stage in ureteral cancer patients prior to chemotherapy is mandatory.
Vertical stratification and defensive traits of caterpillars against parasitoids in a lowland tropical forest in Cameroon
Authors: Finnie Sam , Butterill Philip , Novotny Vojtech , Redmond Conor , Jorge Leonardo Ré , Abe Tomokazu , Lamarre Greg P. A. , Maicher Vincent , Sam Katerina 
Published: April 2024

AbstractInsect herbivores and their parasitoids play a crucial role in terrestrial trophic interactions in tropical forests. These interactions occur across the entire vertical gradient of the forest. This study compares how caterpillar communities, and their parasitism rates, vary across vertical strata and between caterpillar defensive strategies in a semi deciduous tropical forest in Nditam, Cameroon. Within a 0.1 ha plot, all trees with a diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥ 5 cm were felled and systematically searched for caterpillars. We divided the entire vertical gradient of the forest into eight, five-metre strata. All caterpillars were assigned to a stratum based on their collection height, reared, identified, and classified into one of three defensive traits: aposematic, cryptic and shelter-building. Caterpillar species richness and diversity showed a midstory peak, whereas density followed the opposite pattern, decreasing in the midstory and then increasing towards the highest strata. This trend was driven by some highly dense shelter-building caterpillars in the upper canopy. Specialisation indices indicated decreasing levels of caterpillar generality with increasing height, a midstory peak in vulnerability, and increasing connectance towards the upper canopy, although the latter was likely driven by decreasing network size. Both aposematic and shelter-building caterpillars had significantly higher parasitism rates than cryptic caterpillars. Our results highlight nuanced changes in caterpillar communities across forest strata and provide evidence that defences strategies are important indicators of parasitism rates in caterpillars and that both aposematic and shelter-building caterpillars could be considered a “safe haven” for parasitoids.
On the Banach–Mazur Distance in Small Dimensions
Authors: Kobos Tomasz , Varivoda Marin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe establish some results on the Banach–Mazur distance in small dimensions. Specifically, we determine the Banach–Mazur distance between the cube and its dual (the cross-polytope) in$$\mathbb {R}^3$$R3and$$\mathbb {R}^4$$R4. In dimension three this distance is equal to$$\frac{9}{5}$$95, and in dimension four, it is equal to 2. These findings confirm well-known conjectures, which were based on numerical data. Additionally, in dimension two, we use the asymmetry constant to provide a geometric construction of a family of convex bodies that are equidistant to all symmetric convex bodies.
An energy-efficient GMRES–multigrid solver for space-time finite element computation of dynamic poroelasticity
Authors: Anselmann Mathias , Bause Markus , Margenberg Nils , Shamko Pavel 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe present and analyze computationally Geometric MultiGrid (GMG) preconditioning techniques for Generalized Minimal RESidual (GMRES) iterations to space-time finite element methods (STFEMs) for a coupled hyperbolic–parabolic system modeling, for instance, flow in deformable porous media. By using a discontinuous temporal test basis, a time marching scheme is obtained. Higher order approximations that offer the potential to inherit most of the rich structure of solutions to the continuous problem on computationally feasible grids increase the block partitioning dimension of the algebraic systems, comprised of generalized saddle point blocks. Our V-cycle GMG preconditioner uses a local Vanka-type smoother. Its action is defined in an exact mathematical way. Due to nonlocal coupling mechanisms of 348 unknowns, the smoother is applied on patches of elements. This ensures damping of higher order error frequencies. By numerical experiments of increasing complexity, the efficiency of the solver for STFEMs of different polynomial order is illustrated and confirmed. Its parallel scalability is analyzed. Beyond this study of classical performance engineering, the solver’s energy efficiency is investigated as an additional and emerging dimension in the design and tuning of algorithms on the hardware.
Nonlocal approximation of nonlinear diffusion equations
Authors: Carrillo José Antonio , Esposito Antonio , Wu Jeremy Sheung-Him 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe show that degenerate nonlinear diffusion equations can be asymptotically obtained as a limit from a class of nonlocal partial differential equations. The nonlocal equations are obtained as gradient flows of interaction-like energies approximating the internal energy. We construct weak solutions as the limit of a (sub)sequence of weak measure solutions by using the Jordan-Kinderlehrer-Otto scheme from the context of 2-Wasserstein gradient flows. Our strategy allows to cover the porous medium equation, for the general slow diffusion case, extending previous results in the literature. As a byproduct of our analysis, we provide a qualitative particle approximation.
Sharp uniform bound for the quaternionic Monge-Ampère equation on hyperhermitian manifolds
Authors: Sroka Marcin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe provide the sharp $$C^0$$

C
0

estimate for the quaternionic Monge-Ampère equation on any hyperhermitian manifold. This improves previously known results concerning this estimate in two directions. Namely, it turns out that the estimate depends only on $$L^p$$

L
p

norm of the right hand side for any $$p>2$$

p
>
2

(as suggested by the local case studied in Sroka (Anal. PDE 13(6):1755-1776, 2020)). Moreover, the estimate still holds true for any hyperhermitian initial metric - regardless of it being HKT as in the original conjecture of Alesker and Verbitsky (Isr. J. Math. 176:109-138, 2010) - as speculated by the author in Sroka (Monge-Ampére equation in hypercomplex geometry, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, 2021). For completeness, we actually provide a sharp uniform estimate for many quaternionic PDEs, in particular those given by the operator dominating the quaternionic Monge-Ampére operator, by applying the recent method of Guo and Phong (On L$$^\infty $$

∞

estimates for fully nonlinear partial differential equations on hermitian manifolds).
Maintaining a gluten-free diet is associated with quality of life in youths with type 1 diabetes and celiac disease
Authors: Franceschi Roberto , Pertile Riccardo , Marigliano Marco , Mozzillo Enza , Maffeis Claudio , Di Candia Francesca , Fedi Ludovica , Iafusco Dario , Zanfardino Angela , Passanisi Stefano , Lombardo Fortunato , Delvecchio Maurizio , Caldarelli Gaia , Troncone Alda 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Aim
Conflicting findings have been reported on whether in youths, the double diagnosis of type 1 diabetes (T1D) and celiac disease (CD) substantially impacts quality of life QoL, compared to subjects with T1D only.

Methods
In this study, 86 youths with double diagnosis and their parents were compared to 167 subjects with T1D only. QoL was assessed through the KINDL questionnaire. Anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies and dietary interviews evaluated the degree of maintaining a gluten-free diet (GFD).

Results
We found that having CD in addition to T1D has little effect on overall QoL. However, analysis of the degree of maintaining GFD revealed significantly lower total QoL scores in groups with T1D + CD not strictly maintaining GFD compared to T1D only (p = 0.0014). The multivariable linear regression model confirmed the importance of maintaining GFD on QoL in subjects (p = 0.0066) and parents (p = 0.023).

Conclusion
The coexistence of T1D and CD and the adoption of a GFD resulted in poor QoL levels, as in youth as in their parents, when difficulties implementing the GFD are present. Psychological support should consider the importance of maintaining GFD not only to prevent potential complications in the future but also to improve actual QoL in different subdomains.
Current trends in basic research on Parkinson’s disease: from mitochondria, lysosome to α-synuclein
Authors: Matsui Hideaki , Takahashi Ryosuke 
Published: April 2024

AbstractParkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and other brain regions. A key pathological feature of PD is the abnormal accumulation of α-synuclein protein within affected neurons, manifesting as Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites. Despite extensive research efforts spanning several decades, the underlying mechanisms of PD and disease-modifying therapies remain elusive. This review provides an overview of current trends in basic research on PD. Initially, it discusses the involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of PD, followed by insights into the role of lysosomal dysfunction and disruptions in the vesicular transport system. Additionally, it delves into the pathological and physiological roles of α-synuclein, a crucial protein associated with PD pathophysiology. Overall, the purpose of this review is to comprehend the current state of elucidating the intricate mechanisms underlying PD and to outline future directions in understanding this disease.
Projections of meteorological drought events in the upper Kızılırmak basin under climate change scenarios
Authors: Selçuk Sefa Furkan , Çirci Selçuk Burcu , Sarıoğlu Cebeci Meltem 
Published: April 2024

AbstractClimate change, whose negative impacts are becoming increasingly apparent as a result of human actions, intensifies the drought problems to dangerous levels. The development of local-scale drought projections is crucial to take necessary precautions for potential risks and possible effects of drought. In this study, drought analysis was conducted in the Upper Kızılırmak Basin using the standard precipitation index (SPI) method for the near future (2020–2049), mid-century (2050–2074), and late century (2075–2099). The precipitation data required for the SPI were gathered from the data sets developed for the SSP climate change scenarios of the four chosen global climate models. Precipitation data has been made more convenient for local analysis studies with the statistical downscaling method. Forecasts have been created for the temporal variation and spatial distribution of drought events. The study findings indicate that, under the SSP 2-4.5 scenario, drought-related effects of climate change will decrease until 2100. On the other hand, the number and severity of drought events, as well as the duration of dry periods, will increase until 2100 under the SSP 5-8.5 scenario. According to the SSP 5-8.5 scenario, consisting of the most pessimistic forecasts, moderate drought will last 0–60 months, severe drought will last 0–30 months, and extreme drought will last 0–20 months in different regions of the area in the late century. The spatial distribution of droughts will differ based on the SPI index and climate change scenarios. Comparison of SPI and CZI data showed that both indices are effective in meteorological drought analyses.
Cold spells in the city of Poznań and their circulation conditions
Authors: Tomczyk Arkadiusz M. , Miś Filip , Mendel Karolina , Półrolniczak Marek , Bednorz Ewa 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study analyzed the occurrence of cold days, very cold days and cold spells in Poznań in the years 2008/09-2022/23. A cold day was defined as a day with Tmax < 0.0 °C and ≥-10.0 °C, whereas a very cold day was defined as a day with Tmax <-10.0 °C. In the next step, cold spells were determined, which are sequences of at least 5 days with Tmax < 0.0 °C. Circulation conditions were determined based on daily values of sea-level pressure, the height of the 500 hPa isobaric surface, as well as their anomalies and air temperature anomalies at the 850 hPa isobaric level. The conducted research showed a decrease in the number of cold and very cold days in Poznań in the years 2008/09-2022/23. A variation in the number of cold and very cold days and cold spells was noted across the city area, which is a consequence of the form of land use. The occurrence of cold spells in Poznań was associated with higher than average sea-level pressure.
English version of Japanese Clinical Practice Guidelines 2022 for gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) issued by the Japan Society of Clinical Oncology
Authors: Hirota Seiichi , Tateishi Ukihide , Nakamoto Yuji , Yamamoto Hidetaka , Sakurai Shinji , Kikuchi Hirotoshi , Kanda Tatsuo , Kurokawa Yukinori , Cho Haruhiko , Nishida Toshirou , Sawaki Akira , Ozaka Masato , Komatsu Yoshito , Naito Yoichi , Honma Yoshitaka , Takahashi Fumiaki , Hashimoto Hironobu , Udo Midori , Araki Minako , Nishidate Sumito ,   Members of the Systematic Review Team of the Present Guidelines
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe Japan Society of Clinical Oncology Clinical Practice Guidelines 2022 for gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) have been published in accordance with the Minds Manual for Guideline Development 2014 and 2017. A specialized team independent of the working group for the revision performed a systematic review. Since GIST is a rare type of tumor, clinical evidence is not sufficient to answer several clinical and background questions. Thus, in these guidelines, we considered that consensus among the experts who manage GIST, the balance between benefits and harms, patients’ wishes, medical economic perspective, etc. are important considerations in addition to the evidence. Although guidelines for the treatment of GIST have also been published by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) and the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO), there are some differences between the treatments proposed in those guidelines and the treatments in the present guidelines because of the differences in health insurance systems among countries.
Letermovir safety and efficacy for cytomegalovirus prophylaxis in adult Japanese kidney transplant recipients: a multicenter, open-label, noncomparative Phase 3 study
Authors: Ishida Hideki , Goto Norihiko , Imamura Ryoichi , Sasaki Hajime , Unagami Kohei , Futamura Kenta , Murata Yoshihiko , Oshima Nobuyuki , Eto Toshiko , Haber Barbara 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Letermovir is approved for cytomegalovirus (CMV) prophylaxis in adult allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation recipients worldwide and is also approved in the United States for CMV prophylaxis in adult high-risk (D+/R−) kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). The safety and efficacy of letermovir for CMV prophylaxis in adult Japanese KTRs are reported here.

Methods
In this Phase 3, single-arm, open-label study, adult Japanese KTRs with CMV serostatuses D+/R−, D+/R+, and D−/R+ received letermovir 480 mg daily orally within 7 days post-transplant through Week 28. Participants were followed through Week 52. The primary objective was to evaluate letermovir safety and tolerability. Efficacy was a secondary objective, measured by CMV disease, CMV disease or infection requiring intervention, and quantifiable CMV DNAemia. All CMV disease cases were confirmed by an independent adjudication committee.

Results
Among 22 participants (12 were D+/R−) who received letermovir prophylaxis, 20 (90.9%) experienced ≥ 1 AE through Week 28. Most AEs were mild to moderate in severity; no deaths were reported. During the prophylaxis period through Week 28, one transient case of quantifiable CMV DNAemia was detected, but no CMV disease or infection requiring intervention was reported. Through Week 52, four D+/R− participants met the endpoint of CMV disease or infection requiring intervention, of whom two had committee-confirmed CMV syndrome; all recovered with CMV therapy. A total of 5 participants had quantifiable CMV DNAemia through Week 52.

Conclusion
Letermovir was generally well tolerated, and the data support its use for the prevention of CMV disease/infection in adult Japanese KTRs.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04129398.
Perceived authenticity across three forms of educational simulations—the role of interactant representation, task alignment, and continuity of simulation
Authors: Corves Caroline , Stadler Matthias , Fischer Martin R. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAuthenticity in simulation-based learning is linked to cognitive processes implicated in learning. However, evidence on authenticity across formats is insufficient. We compared three case-based settings and investigated the effect of discontinuity in simulation on perceived authenticity. In a quasi-experiment, we compared formats of simulation in the context of medical education. All formats simulated anamnestic interviews with varying interactant and task representations using highly comparable designs. Interactants (patients) were simulated by (a) live actors (standardized patients), (b) live fellow students (roleplays), or (c) question menus and videoclips (virtual patients). The continuity of simulations varied. We measured perceived authenticity with three subscales: Realness, Involvement, and Spatial Presence. We employed confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to assess measurement invariance across settings and analysis of variance on authenticity ratings to compare the effects of setting and discontinuous simulation. CFA supported the assumption of invariance. Settings differed in Realness and Spatial Presence but not Involvement. Discontinuous simulations yielded significantly lower ratings of authenticity than continuous simulations. The compared simulation modalities offer different advantages with respect to their perceived authenticity profiles. Lower levels of interactivity and reduced subtask representation do not necessarily lead to lower ratings of perceived authenticity. Spatial Presence can be as high for media-based simulation as for roleplays. Discontinuation of simulations by offering scaffolding impairs perceived authenticity. Scaffolds may be designed to avoid discontinuation of simulation to uphold perceived authenticity.
Resin tapping of Atlantic pine forests: towards an optimized use of stimulant pastes over the season
Authors: Lema Margarita , Touza Roberto , Feijoo David , Bustingorri Gloria , Martínez Érika , Zas Rafael 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPine resin is a valuable non-wood forest product with an increasing interest in multiple industrial sectors. Resin-tapping activities also provide valuable ecosystem services in timber-oriented and highly productive pine forest of Atlantic regions, where little previous experience in resin-tapping is available. The objectives of this study were to determine the efficiency of different stimulant pastes and its variation with pine species, site conditions, seasonality and frequency of tapping interventions. We conducted parallel experiments using both conventional and micro-tapping techniques in mature pine stands in NW Spain. We tested four stimulants (control and Zeta, Cunningham and Salicylic pastes) and two groove frequencies (every 2 or 3 weeks). All stimulant pastes significantly increased resin yield compared to the control, being resin stimulation highly consistent across years, sites and species. In conventional resin tapping, resin yield was maximized with the Cunningham and Salicylic pastes while in micro-tapping Salicylic was the most outstanding stimulant treatment. According to the rapid decay of resin flow after wounding, total resin yield decreased with more spaced grooves. However, the reduction was low, and the global efficiency of the tapping operations are likely maximized with grooves applied every three weeks, which would allow increasing the number of tapped trees. Micro-tapping techniques were valuable for screening stimulant pastes and anticipating variation among sites in resin production. Altogether, the Salicylic paste is recommended, especially at the beginning of the resin campaign, when the effect of the pastes was maximized, and if tapping is conducted using closed atmospheres and containers.