bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of volatile compounds in linden blossoms Tiolia cordata mill
Authors: Vidal J. P. , Richard H. 
Published: November 2006

Abstract80 Compounds were identified in the Likens‐Nickerson extracts of linden blossoms harvested near Buis‐les‐Baronnies (Drǒme, France). The composition of the essential oils extracted from the flowers and the bracts differs considerably. The essential oil derived from the flowers is characterized by a high percentage of monoterpenes (53%), and by a much lower percentage of aldehydes (12%). Whereas, oil extracted from the bracts is richer in aldehydes (25%) than in monoterpene hydrocarbons (2.0–4.5%), it also contains a reasonable proportion of aliphatic hydrocarbons (3.0–5.0%). From a ‚liquid CO2 extract’︁ of the flowers, 14 different compounds were identified whose principal component was dibutyl phthalate (11.8%), whereas the monoterpenoids as a whole represent only 14.0% of the total extract.
On the genuineness of citrus essential oils. Part X. Research on the composition of essential oils produced from sicilian lemons using ‘pelatrice’ and ‘sfumatrice’ extractors during the entire 1983/84 production season
Authors: Cotroneo A. , Verzera A. , Lamonica G. , Dugo Giovanni , Licandro G. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractThe authors report the results of a study made on 488 samples of genuine lemon oil obtained by industrial processing during the 1983/84 season. The lemons, which came from Sicilian lemon‐growing areas, were processed using ‘pelatrice’ or ‘sfumatrice’ extractors. Gas chromatography of all samples was effected using capillary columns. The ‘citral’ content and ‘CD’‐values were also determined. From the gas chromatography of the oils and the fractions obtained by separation on neutral alumina columns, it has been possible to identify 34 components, which correspond to about 99.3% of the volatile fraction of the essential oil, and to establish the class to which numerous other components belong. The quantitative data obtained by gas chromatography are expressed separately, as the average of the values for each month, for the ‘pelatrice’ and ‘sfumatrice’ extracted oils. The quantitative variations found in the various classes of substances and in the principal components present in the lemon essential oils during the whole season of production are commented upon and the fundamental quantitative differences between ‘pelatrice’ and ‘sfumatrice’ extracted oils are illustrated. The results obtained are compared to those which resulted from an analogous study effected during the 1982/83 citrus production season, and confirm that the composition of lemon essential oil undergoes cyclic variations lasting one year.
Essential oil from Mentha spicata L. (spearmint) cultivated in Italy
Authors: Maffei Massimo , Codignola Arnaldo , Fieschi Maurizio 
Published: November 2006

AbstractA new strain of Mentha spicata (2n = 48) was introduced from Michigan (U.S.A.) into the Piedmont Valley (Turin, Italy). It was found that the essential oil of this strain, which was obtained by steam distillation of plants in full bloom, possessed a typical spearmint aroma. Analysis of the oil was performed using a combination of capillary GC‐MS. From the results it could be seen that the oil, which was carvone‐rich, had a similar chemical composition to other carvone‐rich mints found growing spontaneously or cultivated in the Piedmont Valley, e.g. Wentha aquatica × viridis F. Schultz (1854) (sensu Fiori), Mentha longifolia (L.) Huds var. candicans Crantz and Mentha longifolia (L.) Huds. var. crispa Ten. With the exception of M. longifolia var. candicans, the minor components of the other oils were qualitatively similar; however, they varied quantitatively both in amounts of oxygenated and non‐oxygenated monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes, and in individual components.
The volatile oil of Ziziphora hispanica L.
Authors: Negueruela A. Velasco , Rico M. Mata 
Published: November 2006

AbstractAnalysis of the steam‐volatile leaf and flower oil of Ziziphora hispanica L. by gas‐chromatography (GC) confirmed that pulegone and piperitenone are the main monoterpenes. Lesser amounts of limonene, 1,8‐cineole, isopulegol, trans‐isopiperitenol and thymol are present. δ‐Cadinene is the main sesquiterpene together with caryophyllene oxide and cis‐nerolidol. The pulegone content of the oil tended to increase before flowering and decrease once flowering had commenced.
Volatile compounds in black currant products: An additional factor in authenticity control of fruit juices
Authors: Nijssen L. M. , Maarse H. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractGas chromatography could be a suitable method in controlling the authenticity of fruit products. In this investigation the usefulness of the method has been demonstrated in the results of the analyses of 16 black currant samples. It appeared that several commercially available products contain Buchu oil to improve the quality, without any such indication on the label. This oil is used because one of its constituents, 8‐mercapto‐p‐menthan‐3‐one, has a catty odour that is similar to the catty odour of black currants. The retention times of the two catty odours are different, so that sniffing the effluents of the gas chromatographic column is a way to detect the addition of Buchu oil.To be able to extend the method to other fruits many data will have to be collected.
Volatile leaf oil of Coleonema pulchellum williams (rutaceae)
Authors: Brophy Joseph J. , Lassak Erich V. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractThe steam volatile leaf oil of Coleonema pulchellum Williams contains mainly monoterpenes with α‐and β‐pinene, myrcene and β‐phellandrene between them accounting for approximately 50% of the oil. Linalol and terpinen‐4‐ol accounted for 6% of the oil, while the sesquiterpenes caryophyllene, germacrene‐D and bicyclogermacrene contributed 10%. All told, 55 compounds were detected.
GC‐MS analysis of the essential oils of four tagetes species and the anti‐microbial activity of Tagetes minuta
Authors: Héthélyi E. , Dános B. , Tétényi P. , Koczka I. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractThe chemical composition of essential oils from the flowering plants of four Tagetes species was examined by GC‐MS. Of the species examined only T. minuta L. was rich in β‐ocimene. The other major constituents of this species and of T. tenuifolia Cav. were dihydrotagetone, tagetone, and (E)‐ocimenone. These two species only contained small amounts of (Z)‐ocimenone but, in contrast, the essential oil of T. patula L. contained equal amounts of (Z)‐and (E)‐ocimenone. The oil from T. patula also contained limonene and β‐caryophyllene. The essential oil from T. erecta L. differed largely from the other three species containing mainly limonene, β‐caryophyllene, and piperitone. In agar‐diffusion experiments the essential oil of T. minuta inhibited the multiplication of fungi, Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative micro organisms.
Determination of the pungent principles of chillies and ginger by reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography with use of a single standard substance
Authors: Wood A. B. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractQuantitative determination of the capsaicinoids and the gingerols, pungent constituents of chillies and ginger respectively, is important for objective assessment of the pungency of these spices and their oleoresins. High‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) procedures applicable to these groups of compounds have been reported from several laboratories. The principal difficulty with gingerol determinations hitherto has been the lack of a stable and easily purified analytical standard, since the gingerols (and their dehydration products, the shogaols) are labile, oily liquids which are difficult to purify. Since the capsaicinoids and the gingerols and their analogues have closely related chemical structures, the possibility of selecting from among them one easily purified crystalline compound to serve as an external standard for determination of both groups of compounds by HPLC was investigated. It was found that caprylic acid vanillyl amide (CVA), one of the minor naturally occurring capsaicinoids but an easily synthesized crystalline compound, was very suitable for this purpose, and that a commercially available mixture of capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin could be used as a slightly less convenient alternative. Reversed‐phase HPLC methods based on this principle are described, and shown to be suitable for the analysis (without clean‐up) of chillies and ginger or their oleoresins. An acceptable level of precision (relative standard deviation less than 2% and 5% respectively) is demonstrated for the summed major pungent principles in dried chillies and dried ginger, and it is shown that fair agreement between the HPLC and spectrophotometric difference methods can be obtained for chillies of varying pungency levels.
Determination of the enantiomeric composition of (+)‐terpinen‐4‐ol from sweet marjoram Origanum majorana L. using a chiral lanthanide shift reagent
Authors: Ravid Uzi , Bassat Michal , Putievsky Eli , Ikan Raphael , Weinstein Vera 
Published: November 2006

Abstract1H‐NMR examination of (+)‐terpinen‐4‐ol, performed in the presence of various molar ratios of a chiral lanthanide shift reagent Eu(hfc)3, showed that the enantiomeric composition of (+)‐terpinen‐4‐ol isolated from the essential oil of sweet marjoram is 73%(+): 27%(−). Peak assignment of the enantiomers was achieved by spiking the natural (+)‐enantiomer with the commercial (−)‐alcohol. The method will readily reveal adulteration of natural oils with racemic synthetics.
Volatile components of Rhanterium epapposum oliv
Authors: Yaghmai Mohammad Shahram , Kolbadipour Shoaleh 
Published: November 2006

AbstractThe composition of the essential oil of Rhanterium epapposum Oliv. (Compositae) growing in northeastern Iran has been investigated by TLC, liquid‐solid chromatography, capillary GLC, and GLC‐MS. The oil contained 107 volatile components of which 92% were terpenoids. The main constituents were α‐phellandrene, linalol, geraniol, bulnesol, and β‐phellandrene accounting for 55.6% of the oil. Non‐terpenoid aliphatic and aromatic structures have also been detected.
The volatile leaf oil ofEugenia javanica lamk
Authors: Suksamrarn Apichart , Brophy Joseph J. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractThe volatile leaf oil of Eugenia javanica contains γ‐terpinene (28.5%), α‐pinene (18.2%) and p‐cymene (13.7%) as major components. Another 59 components have been detected in the oil, 40 of which have been identified.
Volatile constituents of cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum maton) cultivated in Costa Rica
Authors: Noleau Isabelle , Toulemonde Bernard , Richard Hubert 
Published: November 2006

AbstractExtracts of cardamom (Ellettarie cardemomum Maton), cultivated in Costa Rica, have been analysed by GC‐MS on various columns. Among the 122 compounds found, 56 represent over 99% of the total volatile fraction, and 74 are reported for the first time. Their distribution is similar to that described in other samples of E. cardamomum, var, alpha‐minor, grown in other countries.
Biology and chemistry of conifer oils
Authors: Kubeczka K.‐H. , Schultze W. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractConifers are widespread through the northern hemisphere and many of their essential oils and oleoresins have acquired high commercial significance. After a short review of conifer taxonomy and some cytological aspects of oil secretion and accumulation, general characteristics of conifer oils and resins are discussed in more detail.Since considerable differences can be found in literature concerning the composition of commercially important conifer oils, we have analysed some of them originating from several species of the genera Abies, Larix, Pseudotsuga, Tsuga, Picea and Pinus. The results were compared with those of self‐distilled oils from authentic botanical origin and discussed in regard to the systematic grouping of the individual conifer.In addition to investigations of the chemistry of selected conifer oils, the paper outlines the influence of the raw material, especially the relation of needles to twigs and the effect that this variable has on the composition of an individual oil.
The composition of the headspace from fragrant flowers: Further results
Authors: Joulain Daniel 
Published: November 2006

AbstractThe fragrance given off by certain springtime flowers was the subject of a previous communication. We now present the results from further analyses of flower headspaces from cultivated and wild plants (including trees), which bloom at the end of spring and in summer in the Grasse region: Sambucus nigra L. (elder), Ligustrum ovalifolium (privet), Ligustrum vulgare L. (common‐privet), Ailantus glandulosa Desf., Magnolia grandiflora L. and Trachelospermum jasminoides. We bring further information about the composition of the headspace from Philadelphia coronarius L. flowers (seringat), which were only briefly reported in our first communication.We confirm that the odoriferous emissions from flowers contain some chemical substances which are not readily detected in the corresponding extraction or hydrodistillation products. Such constituents include, for example, terpenoids and aliphatic amino acid derivatives, some of which may be considered as new natural products.
The essential oil of Mentha × villosa nm. Alopecuroides
Authors: de Pooter H. L. , Schamp N. M. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractIn the essential oil of Mentha × villosa nm. alopecuroides, 38 substances were identified by GC and GC‐MS. Analysis of plants collected at different sites in Belgium, and after transplantation of one plant on to different soil and water, showed the essential oil composition to be relatively independent of the medium on which the plants were grown.
Mass spectrometry with positive chemical ionization of some α‐pinene and β‐pinene derivatives
Authors: Badjah Ahmed A. Y. Hadj , Meklati B. Y. , Fraisse D. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractTwenty‐one pinanic compounds are analysed by ammonia chemical ionization mass spectrometry. This technique permits a clear characterization of each compound and an easy differentiation of stereoisomers. The major ion‐molecule reactions are discussed.
Chemical composition of the hexane fraction of empyreumatic wood oils from juniperus oxycedrus L. and Juniperus phoenicea L
Authors: Chalchat J. C. , Ph. Garry R. , Michet A. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractThe empyreumatic wood oils of Juniperus oxycedrus L. and Juniperus phoenicea L., after separation on a silica gel column, resulted in a hexane fraction which was analyzed by GC/MS.Thirty compounds were identified in each fraction: they make it possible to determine unambiguously the botanical origin of each oil considered.
A chemotype of Mentha longifolia (L.) hudson particularly rich in piperitenone oxide
Authors: Maffei Massimo 
Published: November 2006

AbstractA new chemotype of Mentha longifolia (L.) Hudson was selected from populations growing wild in the Piedmont Valley (Italy). The oils obtained by steam distillation were analysed using gas chromatography while the components were identified using gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry. The plant was found to possess a high content of piperitenone oxide (77.43%) and moderate amounts of germacrene D (3.7%) and 1,8 cineole (1.61%). The chromosome number (2n = 24) was determined in metaphasic squashes of root tips.
The essential oil of Dracocephalum kotschyi Boiss
Authors: Yaghmai Mohammad Shahram , Taffazoli Raana 
Published: November 2006

AbstractThe essential oil of Dracocephalum kotschyi Boiss. (Labiatae) growing in the mountainous region of northeastern Iran have been analysed by TLC, LSC, GLC, and GLC‐MS. The main components of the oil were citral, caryophyllene, terpinyl acetate, and myrcene. Sesquiterpenoids, phenylpropanoids, and aliphatic compounds found in this oil have not been previously reported from other species of Dracocephalum.
The essential oils of four Santolina species
Authors: Pérez‐Alonso M. J. , Negueruela A. Velasco 
Published: November 2006

AbstractThe chemical composition of essential oils from the flowering plants of four Santolina L. species was examined by gas chromatography, gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry, infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR and 13C NMR). The essential oil of S. canescens Lag. was rich in camphor (15.0%). The other major constituents of this species and of S. rosmarinifolia L. were 1,8‐cineole, β‐pinene, myrcene, sabinene, ar‐curcumene and β‐eudesmol. The oil of S. pectinata Lag. and of S. semidentata Hoffmanns. & Link contained β‐eudesmol, nerolidol + spathulenol, α‐cadinol and a sesquiterpene alcohol MW 220. The oil of S. pectinata also contained τ‐cadinol, γ‐eudesmol and elemol as major components. The absence of yomogi alcohol and artemisia ketone in the oils from S. canescens and S. rosmarinifolia is particularly surprising.
Melaleuca leucadendra L. leaf oil:Two phenylpropanoid chemotypes
Authors: Brophy Joseph J. , Lassak Erich V. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractMelaleuca leucadendra L. (family Myrtaceae) exists in three chemotypes, the volatile leaf oil of two of which are characterized by very high contents of the phenylpropanoids methyl eugenol of E‐methyl isoeugenol (up to 99% and 88% respectively). In addition to small amounts of trans‐β‐ocimene and linalol, numerous sesquiterpenes, often in traces only, are also present in these two chemotypes. Limited progeny studies indicated that the methyl eugenol form might breed true whilst seed from the methyl isoeugenol form yielded a mixture of both chemotypes in approximately equal proportions.
Constituents of Sequoiadendron giganteum Buchh. leaf oils (giant sequoia)
Authors: Chalchat J. C. , Ph. Garry R. , Michet A. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractThe literature reports few studies of Sequoiadendron giganteum Buchh. leaf oils. The essential oil was obtained by steam distillation from a natural population approximately 110 years old on the one hand and of a young population of two origins (France and the USA) on the other hand.Fifty‐two constitutents were identified by GC‐MS. The myrcene content is higher in the young population than in the mature one.
Composition of ginger (Zingiber officinale roscoe) volatile oils from Nigeria
Authors: Ekundayo Olusegun , Laakso Into , Hiltunen Raimo 
Published: November 2006

AbstractThe chemical composition of the ginger oils (obtained by hydrodistillation) of fresh and dried rhizomes of Nigerian origin were investigated by means of a combination of column chromatography, high resolution gas chromatography (GC) and GC‐MS. The essential oils contained mainly mono‐ and sesqui‐terpenoids of which geranial, neral, 1,8‐cineole, zingiberene, β‐bisabolene and β‐sesquiphellandrene were the major components. Among the 54 constituents identified, (E)(E)‐α‐farnesene, viridiflorol and (E)(E)‐farnesal have not been found previously in ginger.
On the composition of Achillea abrotanoides (Vis.) Vis. essential oil
Authors: Bicchi C. , Frattini C. , Cantamessa L. , Poggio L. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractThe essential oil obtained by steam distillation from the dried leaves of Achillea abrotanoides (Vis.) Vis. was analysed by a combination of capillary gas chromatography (CGC), capillary gas chromatography ‐ mass spectrometry (CGC‐MS) and capillary gas chromatography ‐ Fourier transform/infrared spectroscopy (CGC‐FT/ IR). 1,8‐Cineole and camphor accounted for about 32.7% of the oil which contained about fifty compounds most of them present only in traces; 24 components (92.3% of the oil) were characterized.
Direct capture of volatiles emitted by living plants. Part II
Authors: Bicchi C. , D'Amato A. , David F. , Sandra P. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractFused silica open tubular traps coated with a 15 μm film of dimethylsilicone have been successfully used to capture volatiles emitted by living plants. The atmosphere surrounding the plants is sucked into the trap in which the volatiles are retained. The trap is then installed in a multidimensional capillary GC system. The volatiles are thermally desorbed, cold trapped and then analysed on the analytical column. The total procedure is on‐line. Several examples illustrate the possibilities of the technique.
Chemical composition of fissitigma shangtzeense tsiang et P.T. Li flower extract
Authors: Fan Pu , Zheng‐ju Zhang , Ye Shi 
Published: November 2006

AbstractAn extract of Fissitigma shangtzeense flowers was examined by GC‐MS and GC‐FTIR. It was found to contain linalol (37.8%) and α‐terpineol (12.1%) as the major components.
The essential oil of Curcuma aromatica salisb
Authors: Catálan C. A. N. , Bardon A. , Retamar J. A. , Gros E. G. , Verghese J. , Joy M. T. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractCurcuma aromatica Salisb. volatiles were examined by a combination of GC, GC‐MS, Co‐GC, CC, TLC and HPLC techniques. Out of the 45 constituents separated by GC, 32 were identified, the most notable being germacrene‐D, curzerene, germacrone, curzerenone, xanthorrhizol, curcuphenol and hydroxyisogermafurenolide. The composition of C. aromatica oil is compared with those reported for other Curcuma species.
Analysis of terpene variation in leaves and fruits of Citrus unshiu Marc. during ontogenesis
Authors: Kekelidze N. A. , Lomidze E. P. , Janikashvili M. I. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractThe dynamics of accumulation of mono‐and sesquiterpenes in leaves and fruits of a mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc.) during ontogenesis was studied. Limonene, linalol, p‐cymene, β‐elemene are found to accumulate intensively in fruits prior to ripening. From that time till the physiological maturity of fruits, the biosynthesis of γ‐terpinene, β‐elemene and especially that of limonene increases, while the content of linalol, β‐caryophyllene, p‐cymene and α‐terpineol decreases. From the beginning of time of blossoming until the commencement of fruit ripening, the content of γ‐terpinene and p‐cymene varies essentially in leaves. From October the content of mono and sesquiterpenoids decreases sharply and remains practically unchanged during the forced state of rest.
On the quality of the volatile oil in micropropagated peppermint
Authors: Holm Yvonne , Hiltunen Raimo , Jokinen Kari , Tormala Timo 
Published: November 2006

AbstractMentha x plperita L. plants were regenerated from shoot tip cultures, cultivated in the field and their volatile oil composition was studied by headspace gas chromatography (HSGC). For initiation of shoots in vitro, MS‐medium was used. The effect of 11 different hormone combinations, and MS‐medium without hormones were tested in this phase. From these media three were selected for the multiplication experiments. The plants regenerated from these experiments were grown in the field in 1986 and 1987 and the composition of the volatile oil was analysed during the growing season. During the first year the micro propagated plants had a higher content of menthol than vegetative lay propagated plants from the same stock plant, but in the second year the menthol content was about the same in both the micro propagated plants and the vegetatively propagated plants.
Constituents of ayou essential oil (Aydendron barbeyana Mez)
Authors: Weyerstahl Peter , Marschall‐Weyerstahl Helga , Christiansen Christian 
Published: November 2006

AbstractFrom Ayou oil (essential oil of Aydendron barbeyana Mez. 50 constituents could be identified by 1H‐NMR spectra and GC‐MS. Main constituents are β‐bisabolol (8%), (E)‐nerolidol (6%), ar‐curcumene (6%), and δ‐cadinene (5%). The structures of a new sesquiterpene ether 1,11‐oxidocalamenene (29a) and of trans‐sesquisabinene hydrate (41b) could be confirmed by 1H‐ and 13C‐NMR spectra.
Monoterpene‐rich resins from two ethiopian species of commiphora
Authors: Abegaz Berhanu , Dagne Ermias , Bates Catherine , Waterman Peter G. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractSamples of the liquid resin obtained spontaneously on cutting the woudy parts of Commiphora terbinthina Vollesen and Commiphora Cyclophylla Chiov. Have been examined. Both have been found to consist primarily of monoterpene hydrocarbons with limonene as the major component; the resin from C. terbinthina was richer in sesquiterpenes.