bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic Significance of Chromosome Aberrations in High-Grade Soft Tissue Sarcomas
Authors: Mertens Fredrik , Strömberg Ulf , Rydholm Anders , Gustafson Pelle , Bauer Henrik C.F. , Brosjö Otte , Mandahl Nils 
Published: December 2005

Purpose To investigate whether previously observed correlations between tumor karyotype and risk of metastases could be reproduced in an independent set of high-grade soft tissue sarcomas (STSs). Patients and Methods In a previous study on high-grade STSs with clonal chromosome aberrations, we identified a number of cytogenetic variables, besides tumor grade and size, that were associated with significantly increased risk of metastases. In the present study, we have tested the predictive value of these cytogenetic variables in a new set of 156 high-grade STSs, all located in the extremities or trunk wall. Results Of the 10 cytogenetic variables that turned out to provide prognostic information in the previous series, encompassing 122 trunk wall or extremity STSs, three were significantly associated with metastases also in the new series. In a final Cox regression analysis including these three cytogenetic variables, as well as tumor grade and size, on the combined series of 278 high-grade STSs, four parameters were found to be significantly associated with metastasis risk: tumor grade 3, tumor size ≥ 5 cm, breakpoint in region 1p1, and gain of region 6p1. Conclusion Our findings suggest that independent prognostic information may be gained from cytogenetic analysis of high-grade STS.
Phase II Study of Oral Fludarabine Phosphate in Relapsed Indolent B-Cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
Authors: Tobinai Kensei , Watanabe Takashi , Ogura Michinori , Morishima Yasuo , Ogawa Yoshiaki , Ishizawa Ken-ichi , Minami Hironobu , Utsunomiya Atae , Taniwaki Masafumi , Terauchi Takashi , Nawano Shigeru , Matsusako Masaki , Matsuno Yoshihiro , Nakamura Shigeo , Mori Shigeo , Ohashi Yasuo , Hayashi Masaki , Seriu Taku , Hotta Tomomitsu 
Published: December 2005

Purpose Although intravenous (IV) fludarabine phosphate is effective against indolent B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (B-NHL), IV administration for 3 to 5 consecutive days is inconvenient in an outpatient setting. To assess the efficacy and toxicity of oral fludarabine phosphate in patients with indolent B-NHL, we conducted a multicenter phase II study. Patients and Methods Patients with relapsed indolent B-NHL received fludarabine phosphate tablets orally once daily on days 1 through 5 every 28 days for three to six cycles. The efficacy was separately analyzed in a mantle-cell lymphoma (MCL) cohort and indolent B-NHL except for MCL (IL) cohort. The primary end point was the overall response rate (ORR). Results Fifty-two patients, including 46 in the IL cohort (41 with follicular lymphoma) and six in the MCL cohort, were registered, and all patients were eligible. Forty-one patients (79%) had received rituximab as prior therapy. In the IL cohort, the ORR and complete response rate were 65% (30 of 46 patients; 95% CI, 50% to 79%) and 30% (14 of 46 patients; 95% CI, 18% to 46%), respectively. One of six patients with MCL achieved a partial response. The median times to treatment failure for the 46 patients in the IL cohort and for the six patients in the MCL cohort were 8.6 and 6.1 months, respectively. Hematologic toxicities, including grade 4 neutropenia (37%), were the most frequent toxicities, and nonhematologic toxicities were mild. Conclusion Oral fludarabine phosphate is highly effective in patients with relapsed indolent B-NHL who have mostly been pretreated with rituximab and is more convenient than the IV formulation.
Poetics, Today
Authors: Bal Mieke 
Published: December 2005

Taking up the time of my encounter with Benjamin Harshav, which was also when PTL became Poetics Today and a key moment in the development of literary studies toward a more theoretical grounding, this essay raises the issue of the place and status of poetics in today's field of literary studies. Through probing a passage from Proust's A la recherche du temps perdu, the claim is put forward that the literary text itself,in addition to being poetic, is doing poetics. The passage, in other words,offers an experiment in semiotic sign-making that is fully capable of participating in theoretical debate.The debate, in this case, concerns the status of visuality in linguistic texts. This is a happy coincidence, since this is a hotly debated issue in today's humanities. After the linguistic and anthropological turns, we are now in the middle of the visual turn. In an attempt to articulate what could be a genuinely visual moment in literature, narrativity and visuality are brought together in the notion of a visual act. To that effect, two standard equations concerning the visual are scrutinized. On the one hand, the equation between image and iconicity is criticized. On the other, the equation between speech acts and acts of looking is underlined. Attending to the subtleties of Proust's text helps understand what a visual act can be instead.The example allows us to speculate that, among the many advantages the work around the notion of poetics has offered as a tool toward a more theoretical and more scientific literary scholarship, the continued attention to poetic practice as potentially also a theoretical practice is particularly important today, another key moment, when we are turning to interdisciplinarity.
Interart Narrative: (Un)Reliability and Ekphrasis
Authors: Yacobi Tamar 
Published: December 2005

As defined in my previous work, (un)reliability is one of five types of hypothesis or integration mechanism, whereby readers account for textual incongruities. In principle, we may always appeal to alternative logics of resolution: ambiguous data may be attributed to generic convention, as in the detective story, and/or to functional drives, like surprise, no less than to the teller's blind spots. What distinguishes the perspectival or the unreliability hypothesis is that it brings discordant elements into pattern by attributing them to the peculiarities of the speaker through whom the world is mediated. This links up with Meir Sternberg's model of how fictional communication works through quotation. To infer unreliability is to make sense of the text at a quotational remove, with the mediator as ironized quotee set into the overall narrative for a purpose. And the ultimate quoter along the chain of transmission is the author, our frame-sharer and our normative reference-point for every intermediate viewpoint.To test and illustrate these relations anew, they are extended here beyond the traditional semiotic boundaries of language, so that mediation extends to the very medium. My test case is a dramatic monologue in which the narrator manifests (un)reliability through verbalization of a visual artwork (throughekphrasis, in short). Here the difficulties of translating between media or art forms intersect with those of managing a quote within a quote. Semiotic and perspectival complexities arisetogether. Furthermore, to quote or re-present an artwork in words is to frame one global act of communication within another. The perspectives involved in visual discourse—painter versus beholder—are thereby reset into the verbal discourse about the visual discourse. So, in ekphrasis, the quoting chain goes from literary author to narrator to plastic artist, with their respective ends, skills,vehicles, audiences, and at times with further mediators en route. Ekphrastic speakers can therefore betray themselves—as this one does—in more ways than usual, against more diverse (e.g., aesthetic) norms and to richer ironic effects. In my example, Blake Morrison's “Teeth” (appended below), the issues and disparities of point of view multiply even further. Due to a strategic allusion to Robert Browning's “My Last Duchess,”the modern speaker unknowingly echoes the Renaissance Duke, and the Duchess's picture hovers behind the re-presentation of the modern artwork. In such light, readers infer that the monologist has similarly murdered his wife once we catch and decode the underlying intertextual cum intermedia allusion. This goes to shownot only that (un)reliability hinges on reading but also that different orders of (un)reliability (e.g., between flat and fine judgments, as on the speaker here) correlate with different orders of reading.
Compensation for Medical Injury in New Zealand: Does “No-Fault” Increase the Level of Claims Making and Reduce Social and Clinical Selectivity?
Authors: Davis Peter , Lay-Yee Roy , Fitzjohn Julie , Hider Phil , Briant Robin , Schug Stephan 
Published: December 2005

The issues of patient safety and quality of care have gained policy attention with a growing appreciation of the scale and impact of medical injury in health systems. While the focus is clearly on the prevention of iatrogenic injury, the question of patient compensation is now also considered important, if only because in fault-based tort systems the fear of litigation may itself be a barrier to the disclosure and open discussion of medical error. No-fault systems, by contrast, do not require proof of culpability, and thus may both reduce barriers to compensation and increase disclosure of error. Little evidence, however, is available on the performance of such systems.This article reports on the analysis of two data sources—a sample of hospital admissions and a complete set of compensation claims for medical injury. Both are for the same year and region of New Zealand, a country that has maintained a no-fault system of accident compensation for a quarter of a century. Just over 2 percent of hospital admissions were associated with an adverse event that was potentially compensable under scheme criteria. While the claims process was well targeted, thelevel of claims making and receipt was low, with the ratio of successful claims to potentially compensable events being approximately 1:30. Comparison of social and clinical characteristics of the two data sets revealed a degree of selectivity. Compared with the hospital events, the typical successful claimant was younger and female and was much more likely to have experienced a surgical adverse event that, while unexpected, was not due to substandard care.It is concluded that, in interpreting these results, account needs to be taken of a number of features unique to the New Zealand system. These include:the limited payoff for a compensation claim (no pain and suffering or lump sum, free hospital care); the relative complexity of the grounds for claim(either rarity and severity or practitioner error); and a history of limited litigation for medical error. This suggests that, while the New Zealand system is well targeted, cheap, and free of financial and legal barriers, a change in legal doctrine alone has not in itself been sufficient to remove completely the selective and low level of claims making traditionally associated with patient compensation under tort.
Apparatus for Evaluation of Hydromechanical Behavior of Porous Media Subjected to Environmental Changes
Authors: Rodríguez R , Candela L , Lloret A 
Published: December 2005

Abstract
An apparatus for performing tests under different environmental conditions was designed and constructed. Basically, the equipment consists of an automatic system for the observation of the hydromechanical behavior of porous media and it has three components: physical parts, an electronic interface, and a control system with an automatic register. It is possible to use it for tests in saturated or unsaturated conditions with different porous materials. In this study the apparatus is used to develop a study of flow in saturated and unsaturated conditions and the flow and transport of solutes in saturated conditions. In order to demonstrate results obtained with our equipment independent tests were carried out with other samples of metallurgical waste. The experimental results demonstrate that the apparatus is capable of measuring surface suction, vertical shrinkage, temperature, relative humidity, change in the water content at different points in the sample, and evaporation. The performance of the equipment under different conditions is proved to be excellent, showing that it is possible to increase or reduce the size of the sample and it is also possible to change different parameters according to the aim of tests. Data from flow and transport studies show that desiccation cracks reduce the resident time of water and solute in porous media.
The Dynamic Cone Penetrometer in Compaction Verification on a Model Road Pavement
Authors: Ampadu SIK , Arthur TD 
Published: December 2005

Abstract
Compaction verification studies were conducted on a model site during a road construction project. Three compaction plants of different capacities were used on model pavements constructed using loose lifts of lateritic gravel measuring 120, 170, and 220-mm thick. After every two passes of the roller the dynamic cone penetrometer (DCP) test was conducted on the compacted layer alongside the sand replacement test to determine the level of compaction. A correlation was made between the sand replacement and the DCP tests resulting in a calibration equation of the general form log(LC) = κ - λ log(DPI) between the DCP penetration rate, DPI, and the level of compaction (LC) achieved as measured by the sand replacement method. κ and λ were found to be 2.184 and 0.337, respectively. The level of compaction values was back-calculated across the depth of the pavement using the DPIs. These values indicated that the sand replacement method gives the average degree of compaction over the depth tested whereas the DCP test allows the detection of low-level compaction pockets deeper within the layer.
CBR and DCP Correlation for Class C Fly Ash-Stabilized Soil
Authors: Misra A , Upadhyaya S , Horn C , Kondagari S , Gustin F 
Published: December 2005

Abstract
The dynamic cone penetrometer (DCP) test is being increasingly used for assessing the California bearing ratio (CBR) values of sub-grade soil in the field. The purpose of this laboratory investigation was to establish a correlation between CBR and DCP for soils stabilized with Class C fly ash. In this laboratory study, natural soil (Type CL-lean clay) mixed with Class C fly ash was used to establish the correlation at different percentages of Class C fly ash and moisture. It was found that a good correlation exists between CBR and DCP for Class C fly ash-stabilized soils and that the correlations are similar to those developed by other researchers. The correlations developed here may be used for rapid field determination of CBR values of clay soils stabilized with Class C fly ash.
On Measuring Mixed Mode I/III Fracture Toughness of Ductile Materials Using the Critical Stretch Zone Width
Authors: Kamat SV , Srinivas M , Rama Rao P 
Published: December 2005

Abstract
Mixed mode fracture I/III toughness determination for ductile materials currently uses an empirical equation for the blunting line. A modification based on the use of experimental measurements of the critical stretch zone width (SZWc) for the blunting line is suggested. A further modification, also based on SZWc measurements, that gives a notch root independent mixed mode I/III fracture toughness from a single specimen is described. Mixed mode fracture toughness tests on Armco iron, CP titanium, mild steel, and nickel have been carried out to evaluate these methods.
Consolidation of Mechanically Alloyed Titanium Silicide using Polycarbosilane
Authors: Srinivasan MN , Aripaka SN 
Published: December 2005

Abstract
Statistical design of experiments was employed to assess the effect of mechanical alloying variables and the chemical binder, allyl hydridopolycarbosilane (AHPCS), percentage on the crystallite size of mechanically alloyed titanium silicide powder, and the microhardness of samples consolidated by chemical bonding. The results indicate that mechanically alloying the powder with higher milling time, higher milling speed, and lower ball-to-powder ratio, and consolidating with 7.5% AHPCS gives a combination of fine nanocrystalline size in the powder and good microhardness in the compact.
Effect of Punch Diameter, Grid Dimension, and Lubrication on Forming Limit Diagram
Authors: Casari F , Tassan M , Messina A , Molinari A 
Published: December 2005

Abstract
A reduced punch Nakazima Formability Testing equipment has been designed in order to get the forming limit diagram (FLD) of metal sheets using presses or testing machines with low load capability. Due to the limiting punch load of 100 kN, a punch diameter of 50 mm was selected; the FLD obtained with this equipment are in agreement with results obtained by means of similar facilities using the same operative conditions (i.e., grid dimension and lubrication) but standard punch diameter (100–110 mm). The influence of grid dimension and lubrication condition on the intercept FLD0 has been evaluated. Particularly, friction coefficients for the lubrication conditions used in the formability test were measured by means of Strip Friction Testing equipment
Some Issues Related to the Selection of Polymers for Aerospace Oxygen Systems
Authors: Hirsch D , Beeson H 
Published: December 2005

Abstract
Materials intended for use in aerospace oxygen systems are commonly screened for oxygen compatibility following NASA STD 6001. This standard allows qualification of materials based on results provided by only one test method. Potential issues related to this practice are reviewed and recommendations are proposed that would lead to improved aerospace oxygen systems safety.
Field and Laboratory Properties of Lime-Treated Cold In-Place Recycled Asphalt Pavements
Authors: Tarefder RA , Zaman M , Sisson R , Ting C-F 
Published: December 2005

Abstract
Cold recycling is a technically promising and cost effective method for improving distressed asphalt pavements. Unlike hot-mix recycling, cold recycling lacks extensive field and laboratory performance data. There is no widely accepted cold in-place recycling (CIR) mix design and testing standard available. This study attempts to generate useful field and laboratory data on pavements constructed with CIR mix and technique. Two field case studies are conducted. The testing of field cores and laboratory samples from these two field sites is conducted to address the existing and new methods for design and performance testing of CIR mixes in partial depth pavements. The laboratory tests include physical property testing (e.g., moisture content, gradation, air voids, emulsion, and aggregate properties) and performance-related testing (e.g., resistance to deformation, retained strength, rut, and fatigue). Relative performances of the CIR mixes from the two sites are analyzed.
Accelerated Aging on Sealants and a Quantificational Way to Evaluate the Durability
Authors: Ding SH , Liu DZ 
Published: December 2005

Abstract
Accelerated aging tests, exposure to heat aging (80°C) and UVA ultraviolet radiation (50°C), lasting for 5000 h, were carried out, respectively, on five samples of building sealants in this paper to study their durability. Tensile adhesion data, hardness, and visual observations are reviewed following specific exposure times. The results have shown that UV accelerates the weathering on the sealant's appearance while heat quickens the worse of mechanical properties. The study also shows that curves of the time dependences of mechanical properties can be fitted as polynomial, which present in the status of fluctuation during aging and the extents of fluctuation under different aging conditions are considerably different. As a result, the unreasonable conclusion is easily drawn by calculating aging rate when doing data processing. The method of calculating deviation coefficient proposed by the authors can quantificationally evaluate and compare the durability of tested sealants. From the results of calculated deviation coefficient the sensitive degree of sealants to different aging conditions can be noted as well.
Effect of a Fibrin‐Fibronectin Sealing System as a Carrier for Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein‐4 on Bone Formation in Rat Calvarial Defects
Authors: Han Dong‐Kwan , Kim Chang‐Sung , Jung Ui‐Won , Chai Jung‐Kiu , Choi Seong‐Ho , Kim Chong‐Kwan , Cho Kyoo‐Sung 
Published: December 2005

Background: Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) have been shown to play an important role in bone formation during development and wound healing. Despite there being good prospects for BMP applications, an ideal carrier system for BMPs has yet to be determined. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the possibility of a fibrin‐fibronectin sealing system (FFSS) as a carrier for recombinant human BMP‐4 (rhBMP‐4) and to evaluate the genuine osteoconductive potential of the FFSS in a rat calvarial defect model.Methods: An 8‐mm, calvarial, critical‐size osteotomy defect was created in each of 30 male Sprague‐Dawley rats. Three groups of 10 animals each received rhBMP‐4 (0.025 mg/ml) in the FFSS, FFSS control, or sham‐surgery control. The groups were evaluated using histologic and histometric parameters following 2‐ and 8‐week healing intervals (five animals per group per healing interval).Results: Surgical implantation of rhBMP‐4/FFSS resulted in enhanced local bone formation at 2 and 8 weeks. New bone formation was also evident in the FFSS control; however, the amount of defect closure, new bone area, and bone density was significantly greater in the rhBMP‐4/FFSS group (P <0.05). At 8 weeks, the quantity of the new bone was greater than that observed at 2 weeks, and the specimens showed a more advanced stage of remodeling and consolidation in both groups (P <0.05). Only very limited bone formation was observed in the sham‐surgery control.Conclusion: The results of the present study indicated that the FFSS has osteoconductive potential and may be employed as a carrier for BMPs.
Peno‐Gingival Lichen Planus
Authors: Petruzzi Massimo , De Benedittis Michele , Pastore Luca , Grassi Felice Roberto , Serpico Rosario 
Published: December 2005

Background: Lichen planus with simultaneous oral and genital involvement in males is a quite rare condition and often difficult to diagnose. The prevalence, treatment options, and management for this condition are far from being established, and research in this area primarily relies on anecdotes. We present the clinical features of eight cases of peno‐gingival lichen planus and propose a management algorithm for this condition based on the best available published evidence.Methods: Personal medical history was collected for all cases. Following careful examination of the oral and genital mucosae, pathology was obtained, previous treatments and duration of mucosal lesions ascertained, treatment initiated, and response evaluated at 8 weeks on both oral and genital lesions. The first‐line drug was topical clobetasol propionate 0.05% cream in all cases; in case of failure, topical cyclosporin was used. A review of the literature on treatment options for this rare condition was performed based upon standard literature review practices.Results: Five cases presented gingival lesions that clinically resembled lichen planus. Glans penis was involved in all patients. All patients responded to treatment except for one. Oral candidiasis was the only observed side effect.Conclusions: Genital lichen planus may be suspected in males when atrophic‐erosive gingival lichen planus is found. A thorough multidisciplinary medical management and active early treatment are necessary to improve symptoms and prevent genital sequelae and, given the risk of squamous cell carcinoma, as a preventative strategy, although this area still needs investigation. Therapeutic trials relating to the treatment of peno‐gingival lichen planus may be undertaken considering that current management relies exclusively on observations of case reports.