bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE TAXONOMIC AFFINITIES OF THE AUSTRALIAN NEOTTIOIDEAE
Authors: Lavarack P. S. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryThe taxonomic affinities of the Neottioideae (Orchidaceae) and, in particular, of its Australian members, have been examined, employing numerical taxonomic methods.Two analyses were carried out ‐ the first, discussed only briefly, involved a sample of the entire family and the second a sample of the Neottioideae as defined by the first analysis. The analyses were carried out by the Euclidean‐based Group Average (or Mean Squared Distance) strategy and checked by means of a Principal Co‐ordinate Analysis. The analysis of the Neottioideae indicated that this subfamily comprised two groups ‐ Diurideae, including the tuber‐forming Australian taxa and the Neottieae which do not possess tubers and are cosmopolitan in distribution.A possible scheme of classification of the Neottioideae is presented and relationships within the group are briefly discussed.
NOMENCLATURE AND TYPIFICATION OF IPOMOEA IMPERATI (CONVOLVULACEAE)
Authors: Valva Vincenzo La , Sabato Sergio 
Published: April 2006

SummaryIpomoea imperati (Vahl) Grisebach is the correct name for the currently accepted name Ipomoea stolonifera J. F. Gmelin. Lectotypes of Convolvulus sinuatus Petagna and C. imperati Vahl are designated.
DISTRIBUTION OF GAMETOPHYTIC SELF‐INCOMPATIBILITY AND INFRAGENERIC CLASSIFICATION IN SOLANUM
Authors: Whalen Michael D. , Anderson Gregory J. 
Published: April 2006

SummarySelf‐incompatibility in Solanum appears to be largely restricted to species of subgenus Potatoe, providing further support for the separation of that group from subgenus Solanum. Loss of self‐incompatibility must have taken place early in the evolutionary histories of other subgenera. Possible adaptations for outcrossing, such as enantiostyly, dioecy and to a restricted degree, secondary self‐incompatibility, have subsequently arisen in certain members of these predominantly self‐compatible groups. The distribution of unilateral cross‐incompatibility in Solanum seems to parallel that of self‐incompatibility.
COMPARATIVE ANATOMY AND MORPHOLOGY OFPS1LOXYLONANDHETEROPYXIS, AND THE SUBFAMILIAL AND TRIBAL CLASSIFICATION OF MYRTACEAE
Authors: Schmid Rudolf 
Published: April 2006

SummaryEvidence from wood, leaf, and floral anatomy, from palynology, and from reconsideration of vegetative and reproductive morphology fully support (1) the placement ofHeteropyxisby Fernandes (1971), Stern & Brizicky (1958), and Weberling (1963) in Myrtaceae/Leptospermoideae on the basis of organography, palynology, and petiole and wood anatomy, and (2) the placement ofPsiloxylonby van Tieghem (1904) in Myrtaceae on the basis of especially vegetative anatomy. Diagnostic myrtaceous characters shared by both genera include: entire, simple, gland‐dotted, penninerved leaves wth intramarginal veins; rudimentary stipules (Heteropyxisonly); pentamery; nectary lining floral tube; imbricate, persistent calyx; many pollen features; sunken styles; baccate or capsular fruits (resp.PsiloxylonandHeteropyxis); exalbuminous seeds; bicollateral bundles; secretory cavities in all aerial organs, including the anthers; unilacunar one‐trace nodes; arcuate petiolar bundles with sclerenchymatous sheaths (only in lamina ofPsiloxylon); vestured pits; wood fibers with distinctly bordered pits; and tannin. Both genera, however, differ from many, but not all Myrtaceae in having: alternate leaves; unisexual, but bisexual‐appearing flowers (only the staminate inPsiloxylon); perigyny; few stamens (Psiloxylondiplostemonous,Heteropyxisessentially obdiplostemonous); short style and divided stigma (Psiloxylononly); cancellate seed (Psiloxylononly); and such wood characters as septate, crystalliferous fibers and lack of vasicentric tracheids inPsiloxylon, and lack of axial parenchyma inHeteropyxis.The segregates Heteropyxidaceae and Psiloxylaceae should thus be included in Myrtaceae. The foregoing ensemble of characters conclusively excludes forHeteropyxisany assignment to Rhamnaceae or Rutaceae, forPsiloxylonany assignment to Bixaceaesensu lato, Flacourtiaceae, or Guttiferae, and for both genera an assignment to Lythraceae. Because it would be anomalous in either of the two traditional myrtaceous subfamilies,Psiloxylonis best treated as a new subfamily in Myrtaceae. Finally, since Leptospermeae and Chamaelaucieae differ as much from each other as either does from Myrteae, Chamaelaucieae should be elevated to subfamilial status in Myrtaceae. The family Myrtaceae thus has four subfamilies: Myrtoideae, Psiloxyloideae, Leptospermoideae, and Chamaelaucioideae. An addendum discusses Briggs & Johnson's (1979) detailed paper on vegetative and especially reproductive structure of Myrtaceae.
CYTOGENETIC AND EVOLUTIONARY STUDIES ON THE SPANISH SPECIES OF RESEDA L.: SECTION LUTEOLA DUMORT. (RESEDACEAE)
Authors: Fernandez‐Peralta A. M. , Gonzalez‐Aguilera J. J. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryWe have found two cytotypes, n = 12 and n = 13, in populations of R. luteola. The cytotype n = 12 shows great meiotic balance, while the n = 13 one presents several meiotic anomalies. We have compared R. luteola with the species of section Phyteuma L. and Resedastrum Duby of genus Reseda (since these sections, from a morphological and karyological point of view, contain the species more closely related to R.luteola), and we can observe that close relationships exist between R. luteola and R. stricta, both at the karyotype level and the seed protein profiles. These relationships suggest three possible origins for the n = 12 level of this species. Finally, we consider that the n = 13 level has been derived through an aneuploid process from n = 12 and it can be hypothesized as an evolutionary trend that this species has not yet reached stabilization.
PORPHYROSTROMIUM TREVISAN (1848) VS. ERYTHROTRICHOPELTIS KORNMANN (1984) (RHODOPHYTA)
Authors: Wynne Michael J. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryAlthough Erythrotrichia Areschoug (1850) has been conserved against Porphyrostromium Trevisan (1848), these two generic names are heterotypic. The latter genus becomes available to serve for the new genus as established and circumscribed by Kornmann (1984) for Bangia ciliaris Carm. ex Harv. and Porphyra boryana Montagne. Erythrotrichopeltis Kornmann (1984) is to be regarded as a later synonym of Porphyrostromium.
PHENETIC AND CLADISTIC ANALYSES OF NORTH AMERICAN CHLORIS (POACEAE)
Authors: Varadarajan G. S. , Gilmartin A. J. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryThe fourteen North American species of Chloris Sw. were subjected to phenetic and cladistic analyses to reassess their affinities. Useful groupings are described and compared to the several groups that the monographer suggested following a classical study. The differences are minor and point up areas for further research.
TAXONOMIC AND NOMENCLATURAL NOTES ON ATRIPLEX L. (CHENOPODIACEAE)
Authors: McNeill J. , Bassett I. J. , Crompton C. W. , Taschereau P. M. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryIn preparing an account of the 22 species of Atriplex L. (Chenopodiaceae) that are native or introduced to Canada (Bassett et al., in press), it proved necessary to investigate in detail the application and typification of several names (including Atriplex itself). An account of the status of A. suckleyi (Torrey) Rydb. has already been published (McNeill et al., 1979), and a proposal to reject the name A. hastata L. is in preparation. This paper describes the results of the other nomenclatural investigations and where necessary reports taxonomic conclusions that bear on the nomenclature being adopted.
CRATAEGUS—A NOMENCLATOR FOR SECTIONAL AND SERIAL NAMES
Authors: Phipps J. B. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryAll commonly used infrageneric names of upper rank in a bilevel classification, or at the only rank in a one‐level classification for Crataegus are considered here, and the correct form of citation at both sectional and serial rank, basionym, etc., are indicated in each case.
TYPIFICATION OF LINNAEAN SPECIES OF POTAMOGETON (POTAMOGETONACEAE)
Authors: Haynes Robert R. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryTwelve species of Potamogeton were named by Linnaeus in Species Plantarum. Only one of these, P. pusillus, has previously been lectotypified, although Dandy noted his choice of types on sheets in the Clifford Herbarium at BM and in notes at LINN. Eight lectotypes and three neotypes are chosen for the eleven taxa for which lectotypes have not been published. Dandy's choice of the type for P. natans is rejected because it contradicts the distributional portion of the protologue. The remainder of his choices are accepted, including that of P. pusillus, this latter choice having caused considerable discussions in the literature.
IMPORTANT COLLECTIONS OF NEW WORLD ARACEAE
Authors: Croat Thomas B. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryThis account concerning the distribution of living or dried collections of Araceae should provide the reader with facts about where the better collections of Araceae are deposited. This information is important, because of the low rate of duplication of aroid collections, and the generally low rate of collection and poor preservation of specimens, resulting generally in few, relatively poorly preserved collections of any given species. This generally translates into need to borrow on a much broader basis for revisionary studies of Araceae. This survey should provide additional details about the locations of Araceae collections which are most likely to yield material of interest to the monographer or to the writers of floristic accounts.
Species concepts: a reply to Ernst Mayr
Authors: Whittemore Alan T. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryWhittemore, A. T.: Species concepts: a reply to Ernst Mayr. – Taxon 42: 573–583. 1993. – ISSN 0040‐0262.Ernst Mayr has recently analysed the flora of Concord, Massachusetts, and concluded that over 90 % of the native species of plants are well described by his “biological species concept”, which defines species as interbreeding communities that are reproductively isolated from one another. However, many of the species he considers to be good “biological species” either show little or no outcrossing or else regularly exchange genes with other species. Mayr has assessed the species of Concord, not by the two reproductive properties in his definition, but by the properties in the traditional morpho‐geographical species concept, that is, by the existence of discontinuities in the natural interpopulational variation of morphological or other markers. The flaws Mayr attributes to morphological species concepts – that taxonomists assess variation in individuals without reference to the underlying population‐genetic variation, that taxonomic species are based on overall phenetic distance rather than phenetic discontinuities, and that they grossly overestimate the frequency of natural hybridization in plants – are not part of any modern species concept, and his refutations of critics of his concepts do not adequately address the problems that exist in his definition. He is quite correct in concluding that the nature of species is similar in animals and plants, since uniparental reproduction and interspecific gene exchange are also widespread in animals. To the extent that Mayr is defending the classical morpho‐geographical approach to systematics, he is quite right, as most taxonomists have long recognized. The controversy over Mayr's biological species concept is due to his linking the morpho‐geographical approach to an inaccurate definition.
Melanamansia glomerata, comb. nov., and Amansia rhodantha, two hitherto confused species of Indo‐Pacific Rhodophyceae
Authors: Norris Richard E. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryNorris, R. E.: Melanamansia glomerata, comb, nov., and Amansia rhodantha, two hitherto confused species of Indo‐Pacific Rhodophyceae. – Taxon 44: 65‐68. 1995. – ISSN 0040‐0262.Amansia glomerata C. Agardh had been reported from widespread localities in the Indo‐Pacific region, including Africa's east coast. Numerous plants from the Hawaiian Islands, from where the species, including the lectotype specimen, was originally described, were found to have pseudopericentral cells, a characteristic of the recently described genus Melanamansia. Transfer of this species to that genus is made. The specimens from the Natal coast of South Africa, previously identified as A. glomerata, do not have pseudopericentral cells and belong in the genus Amansia. They are correctly named A. rhodantha, a species first described from Mauritius and previously merged with A. glomerata. The two species closely resemble one another in several superficial characters, but are genetically distinct owing to their basic anatomical differences.
A “stop‐press” announcement. Damage caused by a widely used herbarium mounting technique
Authors: Egenberg Inger Marie , Moe Dagfinn 
Published: April 2006

SummaryEgenberg, I. M. & Moe, D.: A “stop‐press” announcement. Damage caused by a widely used herbarium mounting technique. ‐ Taxon 40: 601–604. 1991. ‐ ISSN 0040‐0262.The storage conditions in 4 Scandinavian herbaria have been checked, including indoors climate, mounting techniques, paper qualities etc. Serious damage to plant specimens glued to standard herbarium sheets has been found, while specimens mounted by traditional paper strips were unaffected by changing temperature and relative humidity.
CORRELATIONS BETWEEN POLLEN EXINE SCULPTURING AND ANGIOSPERM SELF‐INCOMPATIBILITY SYSTEMS—A REBUTTAL
Authors: Zavada Michael S. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryData recently presented suggest no correlation exists between pollen exine sculpturing and self‐incompatibility systems in angiosperms is re‐examined. All the variation that permits rejection of the correlation resides among 27 taxa designated as having gametophytic self‐incompatibility. However, no empirical data have been published which support this designation. When these taxa are deleted and all the data are pooled there is a significant difference between exine perforations in sporophytic and gametophytic self‐incompatible plants at the 0.95 confidence interval.
Should Thlaspi (Brassicaceae) be split? Preliminary evidence from isoelectric focusing analysis of Rubisco
Authors: Mummenhoff Klaus , Zunk Karsten 
Published: April 2006

SummaryMummenhoff, K. & Zunk, K.: Should Thlaspi (Brassicaceae) be split? Preliminary evidence from isoelectric focusing analysis of Rubisco. ‐ Taxon 40: 427–434. 1991. ‐ ISSN 0040‐0262.Relationships among taxa of Thlaspi sensu lato were tested by isoelectric focusing (IEF) analysis of Ribulose‐1,5‐bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco). 14 species were studied, belonging to 3 of the genera previously segregated by Meyer on the basis of seed anatomy. Differences in Rubisco IEF patterns resulted in a grouping of the species into three clusters which are consistent with the respective genera of Meyer.
TRICHOME AND POLLEN MORPHOLOGY OF BARBEYA (BARBEYACEAE) AND ITS RELATIONSHIPS
Authors: Tobe Hiroshi , Takahashi Masamichi 
Published: April 2006

SummaryVestiture of Barbeya is composed of various‐sized, curly, unicellular, non‐glandular trichomes. Attenuate, unicellular (micropapillate), non‐glandular and capitate glandular trichomes common to all Urticales are absent. Pollen of Barbeya, unlike those of Urticales, is tricolporate, but like those of some more Hamamelididae, has a stratified wall structure containing a thin, granular layer. Evidence from trichome and pollen morphology, as well as from other sources, favors a transfer of Barbeya from Urticales into its own order Barbeyales. Barbeya may be an independent offshoot from a common ancestor of Casuarinales, Fagales, Juglandales, Myricales, and Urticales.
A re‐examination of Sanango racemosum. 1. Morphology and distribution
Authors: Norman Eliane M. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryNorman, E. M.: A re‐examination of Sanango racemosum. 1. Morphology and distribution. – Taxon 43: 591‐600. 1994. – ISSN 0040‐0262.The history of the genus Sanango and its classification are reviewed. A detailed description is given of its gross morphology, trichome and seed surface micromorphology. Data on germination, phenology and distribution in Ecuador and Peru are presented. The author concludes that characteristics of the inflorescence, trichomes, fruit morphology and seed surface anatomy as well as seed development are consistent with the inclusion of Sanango in the Gesneriaceae.
Phylogenetic relationships of two anomalous species of Pultenaea (Fabaceae: Mirbelieae), and description of a new genus
Authors: Crisp Michael D. , Gilmore Simon R. , Weston Peter H. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryCrisp, M. D., Gilmore, S. R. & Weston, P. H.: Phylogenetic relationships of two anomalous species of Pultenaea (Fabaceae: Mirbelieae), and description of a new genus. – Taxon 48: 701‐714. 1999. – ISSN 0040‐0262.The phytogeny of genera related to Pultenaea was investigated using three independent data sets: morphology and nucleotide sequences of non‐coding DNA from the nucleus (ITS) and the chloroplast (trnL‐F). Elucidating the relationships of two species anomalous in Pultenaea – P. neurocalyx and P. selaginoides – was the principal question. Despite some incongruence among the data sets, P. neurocalyx is unambiguously placed with Eutaxia, but its formal taxonomic placement – either as a species of Eutaxia or as a monotypic new genus –is left undecided pending a species‐level analysis of that group. The precise phylogenetic position of P. selaginoides is not clear, due to incongruence between the ITS and trnL‐F data sets. Its most likely relationship is with Almaleea, as indicated by both morphology (weakly) and trnL‐F (strongly). To accommodate this species, a unispecific new genus, Stonesiella, is created, diagnosed by characters of the inflorescence and bracts, and the absence of all synapomorphies of the other Pultenaea‐group genera. The appropriateness of recognising monotypic genera is discussed. Monophyly of Pultenaea s.str. (excluding P. selaginoides and P. neurocalyx) is supported equivocally.
Phylogeny in Artemisia (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) inferred from nuclear ribosomal DNA (ITS) sequences
Authors: Torrell Montserrat , Garcia‐Jacas Núria , Susanna Alfonso , Vallès Joan 
Published: April 2006

SummaryTorrell, M., Garcia‐Jacas, N., Susanna, A. & Vallès, J.: Phylogeny in Artemisia (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) inferred from nuclear ribosomal DNA (ITS) sequences. – Taxon 48: 721‐736. 1999. – ISSN 0040‐0262.The internal transcribed spacers (ITS‐1 and ITS‐2) of nuclear ribosomal DNA were sequenced for 33 populations of 31 species of Artemisia. The sequence data support the monophyly of the genus in its classical, broad sense, including Seriphidium and Oligosporus. Five main clades are defined, corresponding largely to the four main groups traditionally recognised in the genus: “Artemisia” (s.str.), “Absinthium”, “Dracunculus”, and “Seriphidium”, plus the American “Tridentatae” segregated from the latter, except that “Artemisia”, scattered over four different clades, is in need of a redefinition and restriction to the A. vulgaris clade. ITS data also support the hypothesis that the “Tridentatae” and “Seriphidium” are independent groups, and help differentiate the species in the A. herba‐alba complex.
The problematic typification of Cuphea (Lythraceae)
Authors: Graham Shirley A. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryGraham, S. A.: The problematic typification of Cuphea (Lythraceae). – Taxon 50: 487–490. 2001. – ISSN 0040‐0262.As a consequence of recent disagreement on the choice of the type of Cuphea, a detailed account of the reasons for selecting C. decandra Ait. over C. viscosissima Jacq. is given. The original description of Cuphea P. Browne included inflorescence, floral, seed, and trichome characters and distribution information that apply most closely to C. decandra, which is defended as the correct type under Art. 10.2 of the Code. It is also confirmed that the illustration in the protologue of C. viscosissima, chosen by Molero & Zijlstra as lectotype of that name, supersedes the earlier designated neotype.
Some name changes in Indigofera (Fabaceae)
Authors: Wilson Peter G. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryWilson, P. G.: Some name changes in Indigofera (Fabaceae). – Taxon 50: 491–493. 2001. – ISSN 0040‐0262.Seven nomina nova proposed by Otto Kuntze in the illegitimate genus Anila are considered. The status of each in Indigofera is discussed briefly; new combinations are proposed for three of them and a changed author citation for a fourth.
Typification of some specific names in Veronica L. (Scrophulariaceae) described by C. Linnaeus and N. J. Jacquin
Authors: Martínez‐Ortega María Montserrat , Cafferty Steve , Rico Enrique 
Published: April 2006

SummaryMartínez‐Ortega, M. M., Cafferty, S. & Rico, E.: Typification of some specific names in Veronica L. (Scrophulariaceae) described by C. Linnaeus and N. J. Jacquin. – Taxon 50: 551–556. 2001. – ISSN 0040‐0262.Lectotypes for the names V. biloba L., V. pectinata L., V. pilosa L., V. pseudochamaedrys Jacq., V. romana L., and V. urticifolia Jacq. are here designated. An epitype is also chosen in order to avoid misinterpretation of the name V. biloba. For V. fruticans Jacq. a neotype is designated.
Lectotypification of Marcgravia rectifiera (Marcgraviaceae)
Authors: Dressier Stefan 
Published: April 2006

SummaryDressier, S.: Lectotypification of Marcgravia rectiflora (Marcgraviaceae). – Taxon 46: 109‐110. 1997. – ISSN 0040‐0262.The previously designated lectotype for Marcgravia rectiflora is superseded by a new lectotype specimen (Riedlé 79, P!). Thereby, the recently published name M. brittoniana becomes an obligatory synonym and nomenclatural stability is maintained.
Decay analysis of large sets of phylogenetic data
Authors: Morgan David R. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryMorgan, D. R.: Decay analysis of large sets of phylogenetic data. – Taxon 46: 509‐517. 1997. – ISSN 0040‐0262.Decay analysis provides an alternative, or supplement, to bootstrap analysis for obtaining estimates of the reliability of groups resulting from a phylogenetic analysis. This approach, which consists of examining trees longer than the shortest and noting the tree lengths at which groups of interest are no longer monophyletic, is used increasingly. One serious shortcoming of decay analysis as often implemented is that the number of trees that need to be saved and examined can be much larger than the capacities of hardware and software that have been available. A data matrix was constructed so that all trees up to five steps longer than the shortest could be saved and examined. A series of decay analyses was then conducted with this data set to determine the effects produced in the results when all trees are not found and to evaluate methods that could be used to conduct decay analyses of large data sets. Limiting the number of trees to be saved resulted in overestimates of support for monophyletic groups, a problem that became substantial when only 33% of all trees were examined. Two methods of decay analysis that use constraint trees to save a subset of all trees were evaluated. Decay index values resulting from both methods were identical to those obtained from examination of all trees, indicating that these approaches should be useful in conducting decay analyses of large data sets.
Lectotypification of the name Melissa grandiflora (Labiatae)
Authors: Ubera José L. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryUbera, J. L.: Lectotypification of the name Melissa grandiflora (Labiatae). – Taxon 46: 541‐542. 1997. – ISSN 0040‐0262.The original material of Melissa grandiflora L. consists of two specimens and two illustrations. A specimen in the Linnaean Herbarium (LINN) is designated as lectotype.