bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human Development as Transcendence of the Animal Body and the Child-Animal Association in Psychological Thought
Authors: Olin Myers Eugene 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThis paper explores the association of children and animals as an element in Western culture's symbolic universe. Three historical discourses found in the West associate animality with immaturity and growing up with the transcendence of this condition. The discourses differ in how they describe and evaluate the original animal-like condition of the child versus the socialized end product. All, however, tend to distinguish sharply between the human and the nonhuman. This paper explores expressions of this tendency in developmental theories that set as the criterion of maturity the actualization of some capacity that is believed to set humans apart from animals. Seeing relationships with animals as marginally important in human development and life is a consequence of these assumptions. Simultaneously, these assumptions also marginalize the body. This constitutes a dual renunciation of body and animal, criticized for its effects both on inquiry and on our realization of the roles and values of nonhuman animals in development. Such research can help reveal the self-organizing nature of the human animal body.
New Light On the Interpretation of Hosea Vi 2
Authors: Barre M.L. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractWe have tried to show that the two verbs yh and qwm in Hos. vi 2 form a fixed parallel pair in Hebrew. Evidence for this comes not only from other OT passages, but from Aramaic and (especially) Akkadian as well. From the Akkadian texts, in particular the medical omen series, it is clear that the pair derives from the context of medical prognosis. It is this setting-in-life which also provides the explanation for the temporal phrases in Hos. vi 2, since the same expressions occur in both texts. From these and other considerations we may state that Hos. vi 2 has reference to the healing of the sick rather than the resurrection of the dead. It is hoped that this study has contributed to resolving what has been a long acknowledged crux interpretum. We must point out, however, that our analysis concerns only what we have called the "primary" level of meaning in the passage. But since any understanding of the applied level of meaning must be based on this, perhaps this paper may serve as a foundation for further discussions in this area 31).
Jeremiah X 1-16: a Re-Examination
Authors: Margaliot M. 
Published: April 2008

Abstract1. Jeremiah x 1-16 has to be interpreted against the historical and religious background of the exiled Israelites in Mesopotamia between 627 and 605 B.C.E. Its polemics reflect their religious situation during the transition from Assyrian to Neo-Babylonian rule and religion. The absence of any historical allusion points to its composition before 605. 2. Linguistic criteria clearly indicate that it was not written by Second Isaiah, but that Jeremiah must be considered its author. Moreover, Jeremiah was very much concerned about the religious situation of the exiled. 3. The passage is composed of four polemical paragraphs, each constrasting the idol-gods of the nations with the divinity of Y. 4. The very logical structure of the Massoretic text is to be preferred to the text of the LXX (and to any modern emendations and reconstructions). The large variations between them do not admit so far
Earth's Insights: A Geographer's Perspective on its Rationale and Method
Authors: Proctor James 
Published: April 2008

AbstractJ. Baird Callicott's argument in Earth's Insights that a global conservation ethic resonant with Leopold and postmodern science is emerging emanates from a particular point of departure and method of justification. I provide a perspective on Callicot's rationale and method as a way of critically examining this argument's underlying basis, and in the spirit of fostering greater interaction between geographers and others with an intellectual interest in environmental ethics.
Discourse on Knowledge, Dialogue and Diversity: Peasant Worldviews and the Science of Nature Conservation
Authors: Parajuli Pramod 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThis article suggests that people endowed with an ecosystem operate within their own tradition of knowledge and can offer a useful critique of the increasingly globalised schemes of nature conservation such as parks, sanctuaries and biodiversity preserves. I compare and contrast two competing proposals for nature conservation. While one is the conservation strategy based upon in-farm nurturing of the biodiversity that adheres to the cultural diversity of people residing in an ecosystem, the other is a strategy that excludes the ecosystem people in order to conserve nature. But the contest between the two is not about whether nature should be kept pristine or be made available for human use; it is about the scale of use and the mode of use. It is about who should use, how much, and for what purpose. The debate is also about what kinds of technologies are going to be used in preserving as well as harvesting, using as well as enhancing nature. Ultimately, it is about the very nature of the relationship between human collectivity and non-human collectivity.
Gandhi's Khadi Spirit and Deep Ecology
Authors: Torchia Adela Diubaldo 
Published: April 2008

AbstractAlthough Mohandas K. Gandhi died before ecological concern was a pervasive issue, his ethical and religious approach to the treatment of all fellow creatures, was founded on an identification with all that lives. Such an identification is a prerequisite to the understanding of the profound biological and spiritual interconnectedness advocated by the modem deep ecology movement. For Gandhi the broad ideal of ahimsa, or non-injury, was out of reach without such an awareness of the interdepency of all of life. And ahimsa was also impossible without 'self-purification', a largely ascetical life of renunciation of material and physical indulgence. Gandhi was an early pioneer of both the more-with-less approach to ecologically-sound living, and deep ecology's perspective of the oneness of all elements of the biosphere, and their spiritual link.
Becoming Native: An Ethos of Countermodernity II
Authors: Mathews Freya 
Published: April 2008

AbstractOne of the deepest roots of the environmental crisis is the contempt for matter per se which follows from the materialism which is a presupposition of modernity. Forms of environmentalism which share this contempt by favouring the natural, the wild or the ecological over the urban, the architectural or the artefactual in fact perpetuate the deeper presuppositions and psychodynamics of modernity and thus unwittingly betray their own goals. A position which is genuinely counter to modernity will involve dwelling within and affirming the given, whatever form the given takes. Nativism is such a position.
Josephus and the New Testament
Authors: Montefiore H.W. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe major part of this article has already been published in an earlier number of this volume, fasc. 2 (December 1960), pp. 139 -160. The intention of the writer is to point out similarities between some key events recorded in the synoptic Gospels and Acts, and a series of prodigies described by Josephus (Jewish War 6.5.3) and connected by him with the destruction of the Temple. Remarkably close correspondences of date between the two series of events have been suggested and possible allusions to some of them have been found in the Gospel to the Hebrews, the Talmud (j. Yoma 6. 43c) and Tacitus (Hitories, v. 13). The Star at Jesus' Birth, The Rending of the Temple Veil and the Cleansing of the Temple have already been discussed.
The Dentition of the European Glass Lizard Ophisaurus apodus (PALLAS, 1775) (Reptilia, Sauria: Anguidae), with Notes on the Pattern of Tooth Replacement
Authors: Roček Zbynek 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe description of individual teeth, the dentition as a whole, and the main features of tooth-bearing bones in Ophisaurus apodus is given. The tooth replacement is rather different from that described for non-mammalian vertebrates (the wave replacement of alternate teeth). The wave of replacement affects adjacent teeth, not even and odd teeth separately. In some periods of the life none of the teeth are replaced which suggests that replacement is not continuous in time. As a result the posterior set of teeth becomes permanent and much worn in aged specimens.
Ecological Relationships of the Tree Snakes Uromacer catesbyi and U. oxyrhynchus (Colubridae) on Isla Saona, República Dominicana
Authors: Henderson Robert W. , Binder Mary H. , Sajdak Richard A. 
Published: April 2008

Abstract
Uromacer catesbyi and U. oxyrhynchus are diurnal, arboreal colubrids endemic to Hispaniola. Uromacer oxyrhynchus is an attenuate-snouted, slender ambush predator that is morphologically and behaviorally adapted to prey on active lizards (primarily Anolis, but also Ameiva), and it feeds exlusively on them. U. catesbyi is blunt-snouted and heavier-bodied than U. oxyrhynchus and exploits branches of wider diameter. The diet of U. catesbyi is composed of diurnally sedentary hylid frogs (ca. 96% by vol. and 71 % by frequency) and active lizards (Anolis). Trophic niche overlap between catesbyi and oxyrhynchus on Isla Saona is low (0.37). U. catesbyi was encountered with food in its stomach less frequently than U. oxyrhynchus (22.4% vs. 42.8%), but mean prey size (vol.) was 2.8 times larger for U. catesbyi.
Actividad y termorregulación estival de Podarcis pityusensis BOSCÀ, 1883 (Saura: Lacertidae) en Ibiza y Formentera
Authors: Pérez Mellado Valentin , Salvador Alfredo 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe behavioral thermoregulation of P. pityusensis was studied for a period of one week during August, 1980. The cloacal temperatures and the ground and air temperatures were recorded by means of thermistors. P. pityusensis behaves like a heliotermic species with a temperature range between 28.5 and 41.5 ° C. Very significant correlations were found to exist between the Tc (Body temperatures) and the Ta (Air temperatures) or between the Tc and the Ts (Ground temperatures) in all ofthe specimens analyzed. There are also significant statistical differences between te mean Tc in individuals during thermoregulation and the Tc of individuals active on the ground or inactive underneath stones. The daily pattern of activity is bimodal; the variations in body temperatures, being as a whole relatively independent of the fluctuations in the ambient temperature, adjust themselves to this pattern. P. pityusensis, roughly speaking, manifest several characteristics of the behavioral thermoregulation and pattern of activity similar to those described for other lizards such as Psammodromos algirus, inhabitants of the mediterranean region which is characterized by its hot, dry summers.
Zur relativen Genießbarkeit juveniler Feuersalamander, Salamandra salamandra (L.) (Amphibia, Urodela)
Authors: Horter Manfred , Greven Hartmut 
Published: April 2008

AbstractUnexperienced, experienced, hungry and fed experimental predators (rats, chickens, ducks) find juvenile metamorphosed fire salamanders, Salamandra salamandra, with functioning mucous and poison glands fully palatable; dogs, however, do refuse them. Most of the juveniles show a predator-avoidance behaviour by fleeing. The observations are discussed with regard to the possible natural predators of juvenile fire salamanders.
Ovarian cycle and reproductive dynamics in the female adder, Vipera berus (Reptilia, Viperidae)
Authors: Nilson Göran 
Published: April 2008

AbstractStudies of reproductive organs, fat body and liver in relation to different activity periods were made to describe the breeding biology of the female adder, Vipera berus, in SW Sweden. The female adder is a biennial breeder. Vitellogenesis and formation of preovulatory follicles start in autumn the non-reproductive year and continue to the end of May the following spring when ovulation takes place. Copulation precedes ovulation and sperm is found in uterus a month before ovulation. Primary oocytes were seen after ovulation in the reproductive year. Atresia were seen more frequently during reproductive years and in all classes of follicles. Clutch size (X=8.8) had a linear increase with female body size and juveniles were born in early August. Thecal gland cells increased in number and the epithelium of the uterus became hypertrophied late in the non-reproductive year and early in the reproductive year. The weight of the ovary, fat body and liver went through a cyclic pattern with the highest peak in the reproductive spring. Fat body and liver weights were lowest at the end of the gestation period. Feeding periods, fat mobilization, reproductive effort, endocrine ectivity and adaptive value of the biennial reproduction are discussed. The adaptation to short season habitats is stressed.
Abundanzmessungen an mitteleuropäischen Triturus-Populationen (Amphibia, Salamandridae)
Authors: Glandt Dieter 
Published: April 2008

AbstractInvestigations on size and density of Triturus populations were made between 1976 and 1979 at four small waters in the surroundings of Münster (West Germany). All waters contained mixed populations consisting of two or three species (Triturus vulgaris, T. alpestris, T. cristatus). Populations of individual species varied from very small numbers to nearly 890 adults. The largest mixed population had a maximum of about 1780 adults. Density was between less than 0,1 and more than 5 specimens per m2. In the largest mixed population the maximum density was about 10 specimens per m2. Water temperature has a great influence on population density. In one population the size did not vary within the study time (four years), but in all others, population fluctuations were observed. These fluctuations were small in large populations, but in small populations small as well as great fluctuations were observed.
Ploidy and immunological distance in Swedish water frogs (Rana esculenta complex)
Authors: Ebendal Ted , Uzzell Thomas 
Published: April 2008

Abstract
Frogs of the Rana esculenta complex from some Swedish populations were examined and compared with imported R. ridibunda. Four groups of the frogs were discriminated from morphometrical indices : two correspond to the parental species R. lessonae(LL) and R. ridibunda(RR, not found freeliving in Sweden), one with the triploid hybrids of RRL genotype, and finally one group with LR and LLR hybrids. Albumin patterns revealed by serum electrophoresis confirmed the genotypes, with gene dosage effects being apparent in the triploids. Triploids were furthermore identified by their large erythrocytes in blood smears. Immunological distances measured with antisera to the lessonae albumin and to the slow ridibunda albumin demonstrated the five groups of frogs in the material by distincly resolving all the possible combinations of genomes (LL, LLR, LR, RRL and RR).
Immunological Relationship of Western Palearctic Water Frogs (Salientia: Ranidae)
Authors: Uzzell Thomas 
Published: April 2008

AbstractReciprocal immunological distances between six albumins of five taxa (Rana lessonae, Italian non-hybrids, R. perezi, the slow and fast albumins of R. ridibunda, and a sample possibly representing R. saharica) were determined with microcomplement fixation. The immunological distances determined by each antiserum were scaled so that the sum of distances to each albumin was identical to the sum of distances from that albumin. The scaled reciprocal values were then averaged and used to generate 39 Fitch-Margoliash phenograms. The three lowest percent standard deviations (% SD) for phenograms were 5.7, 8.3 and 8.6; the next lowest was 12.1; eight phenograms had % SD less than 20. The three phenograms with lowest (% SD agreed in grouping (a) the two albumins of Rana ridibunda; (b) Rana lessonae and the Italian non-hybrid; and (c) Rana perezi and R. "saharica ". In the lowest % SD phenogram, the two ridibunda alleles are linked to the R. lessonae-Italian non-hybrid pair; in the next, the two ridibunda albumins were linked first to the R. perezi-R. "saharica" pair; in the third, the R. lessonae-Italian non-hybrid pair was linked first to the R. perezi-R. "saharica" pair. These latter two phenograms include legs of -5.8 and -4.7, respectively. Five triads of data among the 35 possible in the lowest% SD phenogram fail to conform to the triangle inequality; this is associated with the failure of the antiserum to the rapidly migrating ridibunda albumin to distinguish between the two ridibunda albumins. This posed no problem in grouping the albumins. The negative legs in the second and third ranked phenograms are like those generated by the Fitch-Margoliash algorithm when additive data are forced into a tree other than that specified by the additive data. The three lowest % SD phenograms agree with other data suggesting groupings of the taxa represented. They all place the two ridibunda albumins together, and they all group R. lessonae with the I talian non-hybrid form; these latter two share numerous electrophoretic markers. The data suggest a divergence ofwestern Palearctic water frogs from the eastern North American R. catesbeiana ofabout 43 x 106 years ago. R. lessonae and the Italian non-hybrid may have shared a common ancestor with R. ridibunda some 12 x 106 years ago; R. lessonae and the Italian non-hybrids may have diverged as recently as 4 x 106 years ago. The two ridibunda albumins may differ by as little as one amino acid residue. The Iberian R. perezi and saharica may have diverged from the central European cluster about 16 x 166 years ago, and from each other about 6 x 106 years ago; this latter divergence may reflect the refilling of the Mediterranean Sea following a dry period some 7-5.5 x 106 years ago.
Preliminary Observations on the Ecology of the Angulate Tortoise (Chersina angulata) in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa
Authors: Branch W.R. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe ecology of the angulate tortoise, Chersina angulata SCHWEIGGER, has been studied using mark-recapture techniques, on a 100 ha farm near Port Elizabeth, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. Biometrical parameters of sexual dimorphism are analysed, and preliminary estimates of growth, home range and density given. Temperature recordings from wild, active and sedentary tortoises indicated aprefered maximum temperature of 28-32 °C.
Discriminant Analysis of Amphibian habitat determinants in South-East England
Authors: Beebee Trevor J.C. 
Published: April 2008

Abstract203 ponds and their environs in south-east England were studied with respect to the distribution of amphibians and to a number of specific habitat features. A discriminant analysis was carried out to identify the most important habitat features for each species and to derive discriminant functions capable of separating used and unused sites into characteristic groups.
Larval Diets related to Morphological Characters of five Anuran Species in the Biological Reserve of Doñana (Huelva, Spain)
Authors: Diaz-Paniagua Carmen 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe diets of the larvae of five anuran species are described (Discoglossus pictus, Bufo calamita, Hyla meridionalis, Pelobates cultripes and Rana perezi). They all are basically composed of three abundant categories of food: algae, detritus and phanerogams. Other rarely encountered food categories are pollen, fungi, animals, bacteria and protozoa. A classification can be deduced by relating the use of the space in the ponds, diets and several morphological characters of larvae of each species: a) bottom-dwellers —tadpoles with a depressed body form which feed mainly on detritus — b) water column users — tadpoles with larger dorsal tail crests and tail surfaces which feed mainly on algae and phanerogams.
Field body temperature of the glass lizard Ophisaurus apodus in Yugoslavia
Authors: Meek R. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractObservations have been made during both cloudy and sunny weather on the body temperatures of the glass lizard Ophisaurus apodus in Yugoslavia. The results indicate that during sunny weather this species is heliothermic elevating its body temperature to around 30°c. When the weather was cloudy glass lizards were observed abroad on grass covered clearings but body temperatures were significantly lower during cloudy weather than those recorded under sunny weather. There was no significant difference between body temperatures measured during sunny weather in May and sunny weather in September and October. The body temperatures of males, females and juveniles were not significantly different during sunny or cloudy weather. For most of the daily period there was little difference between body temperatures except between 1700-1900 hrs when they were significantly lower. In general, the body temperatures of field measured 0. opodus were lower than those recorded from animals in laboratory heat gradients (Cherchi, 1961; Hailey, 1984).
Temperature Diurne d'Activité des Males et des Femelles de Lacerta vivipara
Authors: Heulin Benoit 
Published: April 2008

AbstractMean body temperature (TC) of Lacerta vivpara ranges from 26°8 to 32° at Paimpont (France). There is a highly significant correlation between environmental temperatures (TS) and body temperatures (TC). The mean body temperature of pregnant females is lower than that of males and non-pregnant females. Also, the regression line TC = f(TS) calculated for pregnant females is different from those calculated for males and non-pregnant females. The possible relations between pregnancy and body temperature are discussed.
On the Diet of the Boa Epicrates striatus on Hispaniola, with Notes on E. fordi and E. gracilis
Authors: Ottenwalder José A. , Henderson Robert W. , Schwartz Albert , Noeske-Hallin Teresa A. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe stomach contents of 214 specimens of Hispaniolan Epicrates (Serpentes: Boidae) were examined for prey remains. The largest species, E. striatus, exhibits a sharp ontogenetic shift in diet: snakes < 60 cm SVL ate predominantly Anolis lizards; snakes 60-80 cm SVL took anoles and small rodents; and snakes > 80 cm SVL ate birds and rats (Rattus rattus). Epicrates fordi preyed on anoles and small rodents, and E. gracilis took only Anolis. E. striatus ate larger individuals of the same species of Anolis consumed by Hispaniolan colubrids. Before the arrival of Europeans on Hispaniola, large Epicrates striatus most likely preyed upon birds and now-extict rodents (Brotomys, Isolobodon and Plagiodontia) and insectivores (Nesophontes). The diet of E. striatus would have gradually shifted from native to introduced mammals, and by the early 20th century, when most native, non-volant mammals had become extinct on Hispaniola, the shift would have become nearly complete, with the exotics Mus musculus and Rattus rattus becoming the predominant prey species.
Histochemical and biochemical changes in the ovary during sexual maturity of the soft-shelled turtle, Lissemys punctata punctata Bonnoterre
Authors: Maiti B.R. , Sen Mitra 
Published: April 2008

AbstractChanges in some histochemical and biochemical aspects of the ovary between juvenile and adult (breeding) soft-shelled turtles, Lissemys punctata punctata have been studied. 3 ss-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity in the ovary was higher in adults than in juveniles. While cholesterol and ascorbic acid levels decreased, concentrations of sialic acid, glycogen, DNA and RNA with the phosphatases (both acid and alkaline) activities increased significantly in adults from those of juveniles. It is suggested that alterations in the above parameters are related to ovarian steroidogenesis as well as to gonadotropic activity.