bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pediatric-Inspired Therapy in Adults With Philadelphia Chromosome–Negative Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: The GRAALL-2003 Study
Authors: Huguet Françoise , Leguay Thibaut , Raffoux Emmanuel , Thomas Xavier , Beldjord Kheira , Delabesse Eric , Chevallier Patrice , Buzyn Agnes , Delannoy André , Chalandon Yves , Vernant Jean-Paul , Lafage-Pochitaloff Marina , Chassevent Agnès , Lhéritier Véronique , Macintyre Elizabeth , Béné Marie-Christine , Ifrah Norbert , Dombret Hervé 
Published: January 2009

PurposeRetrospective comparisons have suggested that adolescents or teenagers with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) benefit from pediatric rather than adult chemotherapy regimens. Thus, the aim of the present phase II study was to test a pediatric-inspired treatment, including intensified doses of nonmyelotoxic drugs, such as prednisone, vincristine, or l-asparaginase, in adult patients with ALL up to the age of 60 years.Patients and MethodsBetween 2003 and 2005, 225 adult patients (median age, 31 years; range, 15 to 60 years) with Philadelphia chromosome–negative ALL were enrolled onto the Group for Research on Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia 2003 protocol, which included several pediatric options. Some adult options, such as allogeneic stem-cell transplantation for patients with high-risk ALL, were nevertheless retained. Results were retrospectively compared with the historical France-Belgium Group for Lymphoblastic Acute Leukemia in Adults 94 (LALA-94) trial experience in 712 patients age 15 to 55 years.ResultsComplete remission rate was 93.5%. At 42 months, event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were 55% (95% CI, 48% to 52%) and 60% (95% CI, 53% to 66%), respectively. Age remained an important bad prognostic factor, with 45 years of age as best cutoff. In older versus younger patients, there was a higher cumulative incidence of chemotherapy-related deaths (23% v 5%, respectively; P < .001) and deaths in first CR (22% v 5%, respectively; P < .001), whereas the incidence of relapse remained stable (30% v 32%, respectively). Complete remission rate (P = .02), EFS (P < .001), and OS (P < .001) compared favorably with the previous LALA-94 experience.ConclusionThese results suggest that pediatric-inspired therapy markedly improves the outcome of adult patients with ALL, at least until the age of 45 years.
Effects of atrazine on dna damage and antioxidative enzymes in Vicia faba
Authors: Song Yan , Zhu Lu-Sheng , Xie Hui , Wang Jun , Wang Jin-Hua , Liu Wei , Dong Xiao-Li 
Published: January 2009

Abstract
To evaluate atrazine (2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-1,3,5-triazine) ecotoxicology in soil, the effect of atrazine on the activity of antioxidative enzymes (superoxide dismutase [SOD], catalase [CAT], and guaiacol peroxidase [POD]) was investigated in Vicia faba roots. Tissues from each treatment were collected on the days 7, 14, 21, and 28. Compared with the controls, SOD activity in V. faba roots was stimulated by the 2.5 mg/kg treatment and inhibited by the 5 and 10 mg/kg treatments, and CAT and POD activities in the 10 mg/kg treatment were inhibited on the whole. The Olive tail moments of single-cell gel electrophoresis of root cells were enhanced after treatment with different doses of atrazine on days 7, 14, 21, and 28, and significant differences were found compared to the controls. In conclusion, atrazine induces oxidative stress and DNA damage on V. faba.
Direct toxicity assessment of volatile chlorinated hydrocarbon-contaminated groundwater and derivation of a site-specific guideline
Authors: Hunt James , Birch Gavin , Warne Michael St John , Krassoi Rick 
Published: January 2009

Abstract
Groundwater contaminated with a mixture of 14 volatile chlorinated hydrocarbons (VCHs) discharges to an estuarine embayment in Sydney, Australia. A screening-level hazard assessment identified a potential risk to aquatic organisms from surface water contaminated by the groundwater. Direct toxicity assessment of the groundwater was undertaken on 5 indigenous marine species to assess toxicity and derive a site-specific guideline. The testing included acute tests, subchronic tests on early life stages, and a chronic test. Test organisms included a microalga (Nitzschia closterium), an amphipod (Allorchestes compressa), a polychaete worm (Diopatra dentata), and sea urchin (Heliocidaris tuberculata) and oyster larvae (Saccostrea commercialis). Toxicity testing was undertaken in sealed containers to prevent loss of VCHs, and concentrations of VCHs were measured to accurately assess exposure concentrations. No observed effect concentration (NOEC) values varied from 1.56% dilution (1.11 mg total VCHs) to 50% dilution (45.5 mg total VCHs). EC50 values varied from 4.8% dilution (3.77 mg total VCHs) to more than 50% dilution (45.5 mg total VCHs). NOEC data were used to derive species sensitivity distributions (SSDs) and a site-specific guideline. SSDs were derived from Burr type III (including the Pareto) and log-normal distributions. The log-normal distribution represented the best fit, and because the Pareto distribution is a finite threshold model more suited to toxicants with a threshold mode of action, the log-normal SSD and the associated 95% trigger value (TV) of 830 μg/L of total VCHs, was adopted as the site-specific TV for the groundwater.
Three-year Evaluation of Posterior Vertical Bite Reconstruction Using Direct Resin Composite–A Case Series
Authors: Schmidlin P. R. , Filli T. , Imfeld C. , Tepper S. , Attin T. 
Published: January 2009

Clinical Relevance
The occlusion of extensively worn teeth can be restored using direct resin composite materials. The quality over a mean observation period of three years is good. The proposed method, using a wax-up-based template, can help the clinician to restore the occlusal anatomy and function.
Local Detection Of Defects From Image Sequences
Authors: Rafajłowicz Ewaryst , Wnuk Marek , Rafajłowicz Wojciech 
Published: January 2009

Local Detection Of Defects From Image SequencesOur aim is to discuss three approaches to the detection of defects in continuous production processes, which are based on local methods of processing image sequences. These approaches are motivated by and applicable to images of hot metals or other surfaces, which are uniform at a macroscopic level, when defects are not present. The first of them is based on the estimation of fractal dimensions of image cross-sections. The second and third approaches are compositions of known techniques, which are selected and tuned to our goal. We discuss their advantages and disadvantages, since they provide different information on defects. The results of their testing on 12 industrial images are also summarized.
Infestation of the black cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo sinensis L. 1758) from the colony on the Selment Wielki, with the nematode Contracaecum rudolphii Hartwich, 1964 (Nematoda, Anisakidae)
Authors: Dziekońska-Rynko Janina , Rokicki Jerzy 
Published: January 2009

Abstract
Seasonal changes in the intensity and prevalence of infestation of the black cormorants from the colony on Lake Selment Wielki were investigated. In 2006, the cormorants were procured in April, August, and October, while in 2007, they were collected in August and September. The prevalence of the infestation was very high and reached 100%. The highest intensity (mean values of 102.46 and 82.17 nematodes/bird in 2006 and 2007, respectively) was revealed in the cormorants shot in August. Intensity of infestation of those birds procured in autumn 2006 was more than twice that found in spring and one-fourth of that found in summer of that year. Similarly, in autumn of 2007, the birds' stomachs contained less than half of the number of nematodes recorded in summer of that year.
Cyanobacterial blooms in the Gulf of Gdańsk (southern Baltic): the main effect of eutrophication
Authors: Jóźwiak Tomasz , Mazur-Marzec Hanna , Pliński Marcin 
Published: January 2009

Abstract
The most striking aspect of eutrophication in the Baltic are the summer blooms of cyanobacteria. Some of the blooms are toxic to marine organisms and poisonous to people. Our studies, conducted over the last three decades, report on mass occurrences of Aphanizomenon flos-aquae (L.) Ralphs and Nodularia spumigena Mertens. It is generally assumed that cyanobacterial blooms in the Baltic Sea are stimulated by the low ratio of N:P and initiated by high water temperatures. The mean annual value of this ratio in the Gulf of Gdańsk, since 1981, is 7:1-8:1, with the lowest values, of about 4, being seen in July when the cyanobacterial blooms begin. During three years of observations (1992-1994) the smallest number of recorded taxa was reported in 1993, concurrent with the lowest water temperature (16°C in summer). In August 1994, when the temperature increased to 22°C, a huge bloom was seen. Nodularia spumigena was very abundant in that bloom, and nodularin concentration of 2.59 mg toxin per g dry weight of bloom sample was recorded. A similar situation has also been observed in the years 2003-2006.
Holocene diatom biostratigraphy of the SW Gulf of Gdańsk, Southern Baltic Sea (part III)
Authors: Leśniewska Małgorzata , Witak Małgorzata 
Published: January 2009

Abstract
The palaeoenvironmental changes of the south-western part of the Gulf of Gdańsk during the last 8,000 years, with reference to the stages of the Baltic Sea, were reconstructed. Diatom analyses of two cores taken from the shallower and deeper parts of the basin enabled the conclusion to be drawn that the microflora studied developed in the three Baltic phases: Mastogloia, Littorina and Post-Littorina. Moreover, the so-called anthropogenic assemblage was observed in subbottom sediments of the study area.
The Effect of Living Mulches on Yield and Quality of Tomato Fruits
Authors: Adamczewska-Sowińska Katarzyna , Kołota Eugeniusz 
Published: January 2009

The Effect of Living Mulches on Yield and Quality of Tomato Fruits
In the experiment conducted in 2004-2006 there was evaluated the effects of living mulches in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) cultivation. As the living mulches there were used white clover (Trifolium repens L.), serradella (Ornithopus sativus Brot.), perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), and pot marigold (Calendula officinalis L.). All these species were sown in the field in early and late April, at the time of tomato planting (20 May) or three weeks thereafter. In some treatments growth rate of living mulches was restricted by mowing or gliphosate application. Tomato plants cv. Delfine F1 were trained to one stem and tied to stakes. Harvest of fruits was conducted in one week intervals since the end of July till the end of September. In samples of fruits harvested at the end of August there were evaluated the contents of dry matter, vitamin C, total and reducing sugars.
Data of the study showed that serradella and perennial ryegrass were less competitive for tomato than white clover and marigold, due to lower production of biomass at the end of growing period. In the average they reduced the yield of fruits by 21.6%. Irrespective of the plant species used as living mulch, the delay of undersowing to the date of tomato planting or three weeks thereafter as well as restriction of their growth by mowing were the efficient methods for increasing tomato fruit yield. Chemical analysis of tomato fruits did not show any significant influence of compared living mulch species or date of undersowing on contents of dry matter, vitamin C, total and reducing sugars.
The After-Effect of Conservation Tillage of Onion With Mulch Utilization Made of Spring Rye And Common Vetch On The Yield of Carrot Roots
Authors: Kęsik Tadeusz , BłaŻewicz-Woźniak Marzena 
Published: January 2009

The After-Effect of Conservation Tillage of Onion With Mulch Utilization Made of Spring Rye And Common Vetch On The Yield of Carrot Roots
The after-effect of conservation tillage of onion on carrot yielding was investigated in field experiment. Biomass from intercrops: spring rye (Secale cereale) and common vetch (Vicia sativa) was cultivated for forecrop (onion) and incorporated with the soil with the use of fall and spring disking or direct sowing of onion in mulch. Check was determined as a conventional ploughing without mulching plants. Carrot as a successive crop was cultivated in conventional tillage without differentiation of pre-sowing cultivation. Various methods of conservation tillage with spring rye and common vetch utilization as cover crops for forecrop (onion) were proved positive influence on total and marketable yield of carrots roots in after-effect in the second year after their application. Conservation tillage was exerted advantageous influence on all tested properties of roots yield in after-effect in comparison to conventional cultivation without cover crops.
Trichoderma spp. - The Cause of Green Mold on Polish Mushroom Farms
Authors: Szczech Magdalena , Staniaszek Mirosława , Habdas Hanna , Uliński Zbigniew , Szymański Jan 
Published: January 2009

Trichoderma spp. - The Cause of Green Mold on Polish Mushroom Farms
The first reports concerning green mold on Polish mushroom farms are from 2002. In Europe and the United States Trichoderma harzianum was initially described as a causative agent of the disease. However, soon two biotypes of Trichoderma, Th2 in Europe and Th4 in America, were recognised as responsible for commercial losses and were designated as a new species named T. aggressivum. Until now it has not been clear which species of Trichoderma and which form of the species was a causative agent of the disease outbreak in Poland and what was the main source of infection. Therefore, studies were conducted on the composition of the Trichoderma species in Polish mushroom farms and in compost samples. The isolates were identified by phenotypic and microscopic studies. The classification of the strains recognised as T. aggressivum was then confirmed by PCR methods. The aggressiveness of Trichoderma spp., especially T. aggressivum, was estimated in in vitro studies. The most frequently isolated Trichoderma spp. were: T. harzianum, T. aggressivum, T. atroviride and T. longibrachiatum. Using the technique of PCR, multiplex PCR and PCR-RAPD it was determined that 24 isolates from Polish mushroom farms belonged to T. aggressivum f. europeanum (Th2). However, a large variation between isolates indicated the possibility that Polish biotypes of T. aggressivum were different from those, which were found in western Europe. All isolates of T. aggressivum were highly pathogenic towards Agaricus bisporus.
Sensory Neuropathy in Hypothyroidism: Electrophysiological and Clinical Findings
Authors: Yeasmin Sabina , Begum Noorzahan , Begum Shelina , Rahman Shah M Hafizur 
Published: January 2009

Peripheral neuropathy may be a manifestation of hypothyroidism which usually develops insidiously over a long period of time due to irregular taking of drugs or lack of thyroid hormone replacement. The present study was designed to observe the clinical and electro-physiological findings in hypothyroid patients in order to evaluate the neuromuscular dysfunction as well as sensory neuropathy. For this purpose, 70 subjects with the age range of 20 to 50 years of both sexes were included in the study. Among them, 40 hypothyroid patients were taken in study group (Group B) and 30 aparently healthy subjects were taken as control (Group A). On the basis of their TSH levels, group B was further divided into group B1 with TSH <60 MIU /L or (less severe) and group B2 with TSH >60 MIU /L (severe group). The duration of the disease ranged from 6 months to 5 years. All the hypothyroid patients were selected from Thyroid Clinic, Center of Nuclear Medicine and Ultra sound, Dhaka Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka, during the period from January 2005 to December 2005. Healthy subjects were selected from personal contact. Most of the hypothyroid patients were under hormone replacement therapy. Diagnosis of hypothyroidism was done by serum levels of TT3, TT4 and the TSH. In this study, both TT3, TT4 levels were significantly (P<0.01) lower in hypothyroids in comparison to those of control. The patients were searched for the clinical signs of sensory neuropathy. Clinical findings revealed diminished or absence of most of the deep tendon reflexes. The nerve conduction studies for sensory nerve function were done in all the subjects by electrophysiological technique. All the tests were done in median and ulnar nerve for upper limb and in sural nerve for lower limb and these parameters were measured on the day 1 (one) of their first visit. Data were compared among the different groups. Most of the patients had higher sensory distal latencies (SDL) with lower conduction velocities (SNCV) which were more marked in severe cases. About 67.5% of hypothyroid patients had shown abnormal sensory NCV when compared to that of euthyroids. Therefore, this study concludes that sensory neuropathy may be a consequence of hypothyroidism. Key Words: Hypothyroidism; Neuropathy; ElectrophysiologyDOI:10.3329/jbsp.v2i0.975 J Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2007 Dec;(2): 1-6.
Effect of <i>Ocimum sanctum</i> Linn (Tulsi) on body weight and some biochemical parameters in restraint stressed albino rats
Authors: Siraji Dilruba , Islam Nadira , Begum Noorzahan , Ferdousi Sultana 
Published: January 2009

Background: With the increased trend of urbanization of our society, the incidence of various stress related diseases are increasing day by day. People under chronic stress often tends to seek relief through drugs, which may have side effects. But some natural supplements called adaptogen, can be more beneficial in reducing symptoms of stress. Objective: The present animal model experimental study was designed to observe the effects of restraint stress on body weight, serum ALT, AST, Glucose, Cholesterol and their modifications by Ocimum sanctum Linn (tulsi) pretreatment which is an Ayurvedic adaptogen and has a long history of therapeutic use. Study design: For this purpose, 30 albino rats aged 90 to 120 days were included in this study. Twenty rats of experimental group were further subdivided into two groups. One group consisted of 10 rats exposed to one hour restraint stress daily for 7 days and 10 rats of the second group were pretreated with tulsi for 7 days before exposure to stress in the same way. 10 non stressed , non pretreated rats were taken into control group.This study was undertaken in the laboratory of the Department of Physiology,BSMMU during the period from July 2003 to June 2004. Methods: The body weight of all control rats were recorded daily in the morning. Body weight of the experimental rats were recorded just before exposure to stress. After completing the experiment , the animals were sacrificed and blood was collected . Serum glucose, cholesterol and ALT,ASTwere determined by standard laboratory technique. Data were compared among the groups and the results were statistically analyzed using unpaired student t' test. Results : The body weight in untreated stressed group was significantly lower (p < 0.001) than those of the control group and tulsi pretreated group. Serum levels of glucose, cholesterol, aminotrasferases (ALT and AST) were significantly higher (p < 0.001) in stressed group than those of control . Again in Tulsi treated group all these biochemical parameters were significantly lower (p < 0.001) than those of stressed group. This restraint stress-induced changes in body weight and biochemical parameters may be due to hypophagia, altered secretion of various metabolic hormones and neurotransmitters, changes in membrane permeability & hypovolaemia resulting from stress induced secretion of corticosterone and epinephrine through hypothalamo-pituitary adrenal axis activation. Conclusion: Prevention of stress induced changes in biochemical parameter by tulsi pre treatment indicates its anti stressor effect. Key words: Restraint stress; adaptogen;Ocimum sanctum Linn (tulsi); glucose; cholesterol; ALT; AST. Â doi: 10.3329/jbsp.v3i0.1791 J Bangladesh Soc Physiol.2008 Dec;(3):29-34. Â
Relationship Between Obesity And Parasympathetic Nerve Function
Authors: Akhtar Shahin , Begum Noorzahan , Ferdousi Sultana , Begum Shelina , Ali Taskina 
Published: January 2009

Back ground: Obesity is a potential risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. As certain cardiovascular disorders associated with autonomic nerve which dysfunction often coexist in obese persons, investigations of autonomic nerve function especially parasympathetic nerve function in obese, for detection of early autonomic impairment can be potentially important to prevent complications. Objective: The present study was done to observe the parasympathetic nerve function status in obese persons in order to investigate the relationship of autonomic nerve function with obesity. Study design: This study was conducted in the department of Physiology of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh during July 2006-June 2007. For these 40 apparently healthy obese subjects of both sexes with BMI â¥ 25 kg/sqm. were included in study group. Age and sex matched 40 apparently healthy non obese subjects with BMI range 18.5-22.9 kg/sqm. were taken as control for comparison. Methods: To assess parasympathetic nerve function status, heart rate response to valsalva(valsalva ratio), heart rate response to deep breathing and heart rate response to standing (30th:15th ratio) were determined by 3 noninvasive cardiovascular reflex tests. Data were collected by recording ECG of all subjects under test condition. The correlations of these parasympathetic nerve function parameters with BMI were also studied. Unpaired Student ât' test and Pearson correlation coefficient test were used for statistical analysis. Results: Valsalva ratio (1.47Â±0.24 vs 1.67Â±0.31), HR response to deep breathing (19.62Â±5.55 vs 27.59Â±6.51) and HR response to standing (1.07Â±0.07 vs 1.13Â±0.018) were significantly decreased in obese subjects than those of non obese control. All these parameters were negatively correlated with BMI. and these relatioship were statistically significant. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that parasympathetic nerve function may be reduced in apparently healthy obese subjects. Key words: Obesity; valsalva; parasympathetic; deep breathing. Â doi: 10.3329/jbsp.v3i0.1797 J Bangladesh Soc Physiol.2008 Dec;(3):50-54.
Titanium(IV)/Tridentate BINOL Derivative as Catalyst for meso‐Aziridine Ring‐Opening Reactions: High Enantioselectivity, Strong Positive Non‐Linear Effect and Structural Characterization
Authors: Yu Rongmin , Yamashita Yasuhiro , Kobayashi Shū 
Published: December 2008

AbstractA titanium‐based chiral Lewis acid was found to be effective for the ring‐opening reactions of meso‐aziridines with aniline nucleophiles. The products were generally isolated in high yields and with high to excellent enantioselectivity. The catalytic system was studied by X‐ray single crystal analysis. In experiments on non‐linear effects a strong non‐linear effect of the catalyst system was observed.
Stereoselective Synthesis of Conjugated Bisallenols as Precursors of Novel Bis(2,5‐dihydrofuran) Derivatives
Authors: Poonoth Manojkumar , Krause Norbert 
Published: December 2008

AbstractA stereoselective synthesis of conjugated bis(α‐hydroxyallenes) by copper‐mediated SN2′‐substitution is described. Their silver‐ or gold‐catalyzed cycloisomerization affords highly functionalized 2‐allenyl‐substituted 2,5‐dihydrofurans and bis(2,5‐dihydrofurans) under axis‐to‐center chirality transfer.