bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Primary carcinoma of the liver: Diagnosis, prognosis, and management
Authors: Lee Yeu‐tsu N. (Margaret) 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHepatoma accounts for less than 2% of all cancer death in this country, but it is responsible for 10‐20% lethal malignancy in Asia and Africa. There are racial differences in its clinical manifestation, association with cirrhosis and/or hepatitis viral infection, pattern of spread, and prognosis. Mass screening program in China using alpha‐fetal protein test has detected earlier cases, improved resectability and cure rate. About 10‐15% of the patients in this country had surgical treatment. For patients with locally advanced and unresectable carcinoma, regional therapies such as infusion chemotherapy (IA hepatic or IV portal), ligation of hepatic artery, radiotherapy (external or internal), immunotherapy, either singularly or in various combinations have been tried. Despite the availability of Adriamycin and newer combinations of chemotherapeutic agents, patients with disseminated disease rarely respond. Other than earlier diagnosis, search for more effective drugs and multinodal approaches should be continued.
Ineffectiveness of chemotherapy in patients with metastatic ependymoma of the cauda equina
Authors: Morris Don M. , Steinert Harriett R. , Wiernik Peter H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSix cases of intraspinal ependymoma metastasizing outside the central nervous system have been reported. This report documents a seventh case. This patient received multiple courses of combination and single‐agent chemotherapy without evidence of tumor regression. All seven patients had four things in common: early onset of disease, numerous operations, massive local recurrence at the time distant metastases were noted, and a long time period from diagnosis to death.
Response of metastatic breast cancer to tamoxifen withdrawal: Report of a case
Authors: Stein William , Hortobagyi Gabriel N. , Blumenschein George R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis case history describes a patient with metastatic breast cancer treated sequentially with diethylstilbestrol, drug withdrawal, tamoxifen, and drug withdrawal again. An objective response was observed in all four instances. Withdrawal responses to tamoxifen exist and should be kept in mind for selected patients.
Effect of splenectomy on the growth of murine colon tumors
Authors: Sato Noriyuki , Michaelides Maria C. , Wallack Marc K. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe have previously demonstrated a high incidence of splenomegaly in BALB/c mice bearing colon tumor C‐C36, but not colon tumor C‐C26. To characterize this difference, tumor development in mice splenectomized seven days before tumor inoculation was compared to that of unoperated control mice. Our findings indicate that during the early phase, tumor growth is enhanced for both C‐C26 and C‐C36 in the splenectomized animals. The lag period for tumor appearance was also somewhat shorter in these splenectomized animals as compared to the controls, and metastatic tendency to the lungs was unaffected by splenectomy. These findings may have useful implications for the role of the spleen in the tumor‐bearing animal.
Primary adenocarcinoma of the appendix with bilateral krukenberg ovarian tumors
Authors: Kashani Massoud , Levy Mitchell 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAn unusual case of a 22‐year‐old white female with known chronic ulcerative colitis presented with a several‐day history of lower abdominal pain and a pelvic mass. Laparotomy revealed a primary carcinoma of the appendix with Krukenberg metastasis to both ovaries. Pathologically this tumor appeared to arise from an appendix which showed no evidence of chronic ulcerative colitis and therefore could not be associated with the above‐mentioned entity.
Mesonephric adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladder: An autopsy case
Authors: Kanokogi Mototsugu , Uematsu Kunio , Kakudo Kennichi , Shimada Kenji , Ikoma Fumihiko 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMesonephric adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladder is an extremely rare tumor and appears to arise from the embryonic cell rests in the bladder. The case herein described was a patient with mesonephric adenocarcinoma, confirmed by autopsy to originate from the bladder, and with this paper, seems to be only the third case of such tumor in the literature.
Adriamycin, CCNU, and 5‐fluorouracil in patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancer
Authors: Cedermark Bjöurn J. , Cunven Peter , Hammarberg Gary 
Published: February 2007

AbstractForty‐one patients with measurable advanced gastrointestinal malignancy were treated with a combination of Adriamycin (doxorubicin), 5‐FU (5‐fluorouracil), and CCNU (1‐(2‐chloroethyl)‐3‐cyclohexyl‐1‐nitrosourea). The response to therapy was evaluated every eight weeks. In addition to standard clinical examinations and laboratory tests to evaluate toxicity, 31 patients were asked to rank both the expected and experienced negative effects of the treatment. Although both patients with hepatocellular cancer and the patient with a soft tissue sarcoma responded to the regimen, only 1 of 38 patients with adenocarcinoma had a favourable response. The clinically measurable toxicity, principally to the gastrointestinal tract and bone marrow, was relatively mild. However, the patients' subjective evaluation of their treatment made the side effects appear more significant. The results suggest that this regimen deserves further evaluation in patients with hepatocellular cancer and soft tissue sarcomas.
Treatment of adriamycin‐lnduced skin ulcers: A prospective controlled study
Authors: Coleman John J. , Walker Alonzo P. , Didolkar Mukund S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractExtravasation into the skin and subcutaneous tissues of vesicant antineoplastic agents such as Adriamycin can be a serious clinical problem causing indolent necrotic ulcers. Several methods of therapy have been advocated but none has convincingly demonstrated superiority. A controlled animal experiment was designed to test four methods of therapy. Sixty‐three 200‐g Sprague Dawley rats were divided into six groups of ten and one group of three. Groups I through V each received an intradermal injection of 0.2 mg Adriamycin diluted in 1 cc saline. Group I rats served as Adriamycin ulcer controls. Group II rats underwent immediate excision of the area discolored by the Adriamycin injection with primary closure of the wound. Five group III rats underwent excision and closure at 48 hours and five at seven days. Group IV rats received an immediate injection of 0.2 mg of hydrocortisone into the area of Adriamycin discoloration. Group V rats received immediate injection of 200 mg alphatocopherol (vitamin E) into the discolored area. Group VI rats received no Adriamycin injection but served as controls, five receiving hydrocortisone injections and five receiving vitamin E injections, intradermally. Group VII rats also served as controls, one receiving 2 cc saline injection, one receiving 1 cc saline and 1 cc hydrocortisone, and one receiving 1 cc saline and 1 cc vitamin E. The rats were observed for ten weeks. Biopsies were taken for histologic examination and measurements of ulcer size were made. Group II, III, VI, and VII animals did not develop ulcers and all excised injections in groups II and III healed within seven days of closure; no ulcers recurred in these rats within the ten‐week observation period. All animals in groups I, IV, and V developed ulcers which showed no difference in size at 16 days.We conclude that local injection of hydrocortisone and vitamin E are ineffectual in the treatment of the Adriamycin extravasation. Excision of the involved area to the underlying fascia with primary closure as soon as possible after the extravasation is more likely to be beneficial.
Treatment of advanced malignant hemangiopericytoma with combination adriamycin and dtic: A report of four cases
Authors: Beadle C. F. , Hillcoat B. L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOne patient with a large inoperable malignant hemangiopericytoma and three patients with local recurrence and/or metastases were treated with combination adriamycin, 50 mg/m2, and DTIC, 600–700 mg/m2, intravenously every 4 weeks. Two achieved palliation, one with measurable shrinkage of tumor, and the other with loss of incapacitating lower limb edema secondary to vascular and lymphatic obstruction. The third patient objectively had a less than partial response. The fourth patient did not respond to adriamycin and DTIC or to a subsequent trial of cis‐platinum, 60 mg/m2, intravenously every 3 weeks. However, radiotherapy produced an objective response at the site of the local recurrence and relief of painful bone metastases. Two patients died of progressive disease; the third patient has stable disease and is continuing chemotherapy; and the fourth patient died, probably from adriamycin‐induced cardiac failure in the presence of rapidly advancing intraabdominal metastases. The combination of adriamycin and DTIC is active in malignant hemangiopericytoma, and palliation of advanced disease can be achieved. However, prolonged survival is uncommon in the presence of a large tumor burden.
Malignant hemangiopericytoma of the gallbladder
Authors: Gupta S. , Padmanabhan A. , Khanna S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA rare case of malignant hemangiopericytoma in the gallbladder is de scribed perhaps for the first time in the literature. Areas of necrosis, mitotic activity within the tumor, and the presence of metastases in the regional lymph nodes and right ovary suggest an aggressive behavior of the tumor and poor prognosis.
Serum B2‐microglobulin determinations in patients bearing soft tissue sarcomas
Authors: Johnson Houston , Flye M. Wayne 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTo determine whether serum β2‐microglobulin values could be useful as a tumor marker in patients with soft tissue sarcomas, 31 preoperative sera stored in our serum bank were assayed by radioimmunoassay for β2‐microglobulin levels. Sera were selected from patients known to have large bulky tumors, but no evidence of other major systemic disorders. Thirty‐one sera of sex and age matched controls were assayed for compar ison. The laboratory range for normal serum β2‐microglobulin values was 1.1‐2.4 mg/1. Our control patients had values ranging from 0.7‐1.7 mg/1. Values in tumor patients ranged from 0.7‐2.5 mg/1. No markedly elevated values were observed in any single patient. Four age groups, 20‐29, 30‐39, 40‐49, and 50‐59 years, revealed no significant differences. This observation differs from previously reported data. Serum β2‐microglobu lin appears to have no value as a tumor marker in patients with soft tissue sarcomas. We were unable to substantiate findings by others that there is a significant increase in values of normal subjects corresponding to ad vancing age.
Mycosis fungoides: An overview
Authors: Patel Suresh P. , Holtermann Ole A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMycosis fungoides (MF) is a lymphoma that appears to have a unique relationship with the skin. In recent years our knowledge about this disease has increased considerably, in particular regarding the nature of the malignant cells and their functional characteristics. Furthermore, there is mounting evidence suggesting a viral etiology. Since its first description by Alibert in the early part of the past century, MF has been the subject of much controversy in regard to fundamental issues such as clinical and histological criteria for the establishment of the diagnosis [1] as well as its relationship to other lymphomas and skin diseases. Some of this controversy remains today. Mycosis fungoides is a relatively uncommon disease, the incidence being in the order of 1‐2 million per year [1,2]. As is the case with most neoplastic diseases, the incidence increases with age; however, relatively speaking MF is not exceptional among individuals in their twenties or thirties. As for sex distribution there is a slight preponderance of men [3‐5].
Malignant fibrous histiocytoma
Authors: Wiss Donald A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the shoulder in an elderly woman is reported. This heterogenous tumor is thought to be the most common soft tissue sarcoma of late adult life. Typically, the tumor appears as an enlarging soft tissue mass in the proximal portion of an extremity. On histological examination, the tumor contains a bimodal cell population of fibroblast and histiocytelike cells. The location, size, and depth of the tumor have a significant effect upon survival. The biological behavior of malignant fibrous histiocytoma is usually one of local recurrence followed by metastasis. At the present time complete surgical removal offers the best hope for cure.
Metastatic malignant melanoma of unknown primary origin: A study of 30 cases
Authors: Panagopoulos Emmanuel , Murray Douglas 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThirty patients with metastatic malignant melanoma of unknown primary origin treated at Emory University Clinic between 1940 and 1975 are presented. This group represents the 4.4% of all melanomas treated during the same period of time at Emory. Nineteen (63.3%) patients had nodal metastases only, and they were handled by radical lymphadenectomy of the involved area. The remaining 11 patients presented with lung or widespread subcutaneous metastatic disease and treated with biopsy and radiotherapy or chemotherapy. The former group experienced 28.6% five‐and ten‐year actuarial survival while patients with lung metastases succumbed within four months after diagnosis. Spontaneous regression of a typical melanoma skin lesion has been reported in three patients prior to development of metastatic disease.
Surgical treatment of carcinoma of the breast. I. Pathological finding and pattern of relapse
Authors: Lee Yeu‐Tsu N. (Margaret) , Terry Roger 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis is a retrospective review of 476 patients who had mastectomy for carcinoma of the breast during 1971–1980. There is a positive correlation of size of the primary tumor and the incidence of axillary nodal metastasis. Infiltrating ductal and lobular carcinoma had a significantly higher incidence of nodal metastasis (and greater chance of having four or more positive nodes) than that of medullary and colloid carcinomas. Colloid carcinoma smaller than 4 cm and the less common histological subtypes (comedo, tubular, papillary carcinomas) rarely metastasizes. At a median follow‐up time of 53 months, 23% of patients with infiltrating ductal, lobular, or medullary carcinomas and who did not have nodal metastasis had relapse, while 50% of those with nodal involvement had relapse. Among those who relapsed, 18% initially had only locoregional recurrence, 60% had distant metastasis, and 22% had both types.
Suppressor substance produced by the K562 cell line in vitro
Authors: Korzelius J. M. , Bealmear P. M. , Holtermann O. A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSupernatant fluids from three human cultured cell lines, K562, NALM‐1, and Daudi, all isolated from patients with lymphoreticular malignancies, were tested for suppressive activity toward normal lymphocytes in vitro. It was found that the K562 line elaborated material which effectively suppressed the response of normal human blood lymphocytes to the T‐cell mitogens phytohemagglutinin and concanaval in A as well as the mixed lymphocyte reaction. Little or no suppressive activity was evident when supernatants from Daudi or NALM‐1 were used. In contrast, a recent report [29] indicates that K562 does not inhibit the induction of immunoglobulin synthesis of B lymphocytes by pokeweed mitogen. The findings are discussed in the context of the immunosuppression associated with cancer and the apparent selective inhibition of different lymphocyte functions by material elaborated by different neoplasms.
Osteoblastic metastatic disease as a therapeutic response to adjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer
Authors: Demartini Angela L. , Buzdar Aman U. , Blumenschein George R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIncluded in this study were 43 breast cancer patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy who presented metastasis only in bone. Forty‐two percent had metastasis during chemotherapy, and 58% had metastasis after the completion of chemotherapy. In 66% of the patients, the lesions were osteolytic. Twenty‐nine percent had osteoblastic lesions, and 5% had mixed lesions. Of the patients with osteoblastic metastatic disease, five showed asymptomatic, osteoblastic disease; this response was considered to be a healing response to chemotherapy. These five patients were continued on the same therapy. The median duration of this response to the adjuvant chemotherapy was 29 months (range 6 to 62+). In one patient, osteoblastic disease gradually faded, and skeletal radiographs reverted to normal.
The technique of major amputations for malignant tumors
Authors: Karakousis C. P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMajor amputations for malignant tumors have declined in incidence due to limb salvage procedures using combinations of modalities. For extensive malignant growths, amputations are still necessary and life‐saving operations. Familiarity with the anatomy and technique involved is important. In the following, technical details related to these operations and their variants are provided.
Metastatic cancer from an undetermined primary site
Authors: Greager John A. , Wood Donald , Gupta Tapas K. Das 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe charts of 285 patients diagnosed as metastatic cancer from an undetermined primary site were reviewed. An attempt was made to characterize this disease entity more specifically, and to evaluate the various modes of therapy utilized in such patients. Adenocarcinoma is the most common histologic type overall; squamous cell carcinoma is most common in 5‐year survivors. Lymph nodes are the most common metastatic site overall and in 5‐year survivors. The mean overall survival is 8.69 months with 8.7% 2‐year survivors and 2.8% 5‐year survivors. Surgery alone, radiation alone or in combination, and chemotherapy alone or in combination were utilized in these patients with 5‐year survivals of 11, 3.7, and 1.1%, respectively. The 5‐year survivors all had therapy initiated immediately after histologic diagnosis and medical workup, and all of their tumors were less than 8 cm in diameter. In view of this data, patients with metastatic cancer from an undetermined primary site should always be considered for early, aggressive therapy.
Palliative resection in gastric cancer
Authors: Meijer S. , de Bakker O. J. C. B. , Hoitsma H. F. W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFifty‐one of 256 patients underwent a palliative procedure for advanced carcinoma of the stomach (TNM stage IV). The resection was classified as palliative if metastatic disease was left behind in the lymph nodes, if involvement of organs elsewhere in the abdominal cavity was present, or if microscopy revealed tumor tissue in the resection lines. Twenty‐six patients underwent a resection for palliation. There were 14 total and 12 partial gastrectomies. There were 2 deaths after total gastrectomy because of anastomotic leakage. The mean survival time after operation was 9.5 months. In 13 patients (50%) palliation was good with preoperative symptomatic relief without initiating new symptoms, acceptable body weight, and solid food intake. In 7 patients (27%) palliation was moderate, and in 4 (15%) poor. The results after gastroenterostomy in 25 patients were poor. The study shows that palliative total and partial gastrectomy can produce palliation in advanced gastric cancer.
Recent advances in epidermal biology: Relevance to epidermal malignancies
Authors: Goldsmith Lowell A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRecent advances in the biology of the epidermis increase our understanding of skin cancer. Epidermal tissue culture demonstrates that cells from epidermal malignancies retain their malignant characteristics. Some epidermal tumors contain a low molecular weight keratin as a major structural protein; a low molecular weight keratin is a characteristic of fetal epidermis as well. Certain epidermal cell‐surface antigens, such as the pemphigus antigen, may be absent in skin cancers. A population of long‐lived skin cells may be the site for genetic alterations that eventually produces skin cancers. A population of basal “dark” cells is increased after treatment with tumor promoting agents such as phorbol esters. Two‐stage (initiation, promotion) epidermal carcinogenesis can now be studied in tissue culture. Several components of the complex multilayered basement membrane zone are produced by epidermal cells. Malignancies of epidermal cells may extend beyond the basement membrane zone by disordered synthesis of the zone or by producing enzymes including collagenases that alter the zone.
Aggressive surgery for management of recurrent intraabdominal carcinoma
Authors: Roseman James M. , Minton John P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWith the evolution of effective multimodality control of various tumors, the role of surgery for recurrent malignancies is emerging as significant factor in not only maintaining that control, but in permitting the possibility of late cure of certain, even advanced intraabdominal malignancies. Several patients with Stage IV colon or ovarian carcinoma were evaluated and found to benefit from such an aggressive surgical approach with the result of long term control as well as apparent clinical cure in the several instances. These possibilities are becoming increasingly significant as progress is made in the various treatment modalities for neoplastic diseases.
Clinical aspects of steroid hormone receptors in human renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Karr James P. , Pontes J. Edson , Schneider Sara , Sandberg Avery A. , Murphy Gerald P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA review of the role of steroid hormone receptors and hormonal dependence of renal cell carcinoma in certain patients is presented. The results of a cumulative series of estrogen, progesterone, and androgen receptor assays performed on 48 normal and malignant human renal tumor specimens are given. The detectable presence of receptor proteins in certain patients could obviate the empirical use of hormonal therapy, an issue that may be resolved through a randomized multiinstitutional trial.
Antigen‐coated immunoadsorbents utilized for in vivo depletion of antibodies and lymphocytes with specificity for the antigen
Authors: Cameron Deborah J. , Fitts C. Thomas , Rajagopalan P. R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHyperacute rejection of xenografts is thought to be triggered by humoral antibodies. It is known that natural antibodies against dog blood cells have been identified in sheep serum. Dog kidney antigen immunoadsorbent columns were placed in the extracorporeal lymph circuit of two sheep. In vivo studies have shown that these immunoadsorbent columns were effective in depleting the thoracic duct lymph of all antibodies with specificity for the dog kidney antigen. However, these columns were not effective in depleting the thoracic duct lymphocytes bearing surface receptors for the dog kidney antigen. When in vitro studies were carried out, the immunoadsorbent columns were effective in the depletion of both lymphocytes and antibody for the dog kidney antigen. Thus, since a humoral antibody response is thought to be responsible for the hyperacute rejection seen in xenografts, it is possible that these columns might be effective in prolonging xenograft survival.
Serum sialic acid is a biologic marker for malignant disease
Authors: Khanderia Ujjaini , Keller James H. , Grossman H. Barton 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSerial serum sialic acid (N‐acetylneuraminic acid) was measured in 16 patients with advanced cancer of various histologic types. In the 15 evaluable patients serial changes in sialic acid correlated with the clinical course. Isolated sialic acid values were not predictive of clinical response. Serial determination of serum sialic acid appears to be a useful monitor of tumor burden.