bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Motorizing the buckled blister for rotary actuation
Authors: Yang Pengfei , Huang Ruixing , Dang Fei , Shan Baoxiang , Wang Dewen , Liu Hong , Li Yi , Liao Xiangbiao 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSnap‐through bistability was widely exploited for rapid hopping in micro‐electro‐mechanical systems and soft robots. However, considerable energy input was required to trigger the transition between discrete buckling states blocked by potential wells. Here a dynamic buckling mechanism of a buckled blister constrained inside an outer ring is explored for eliciting rotary actuation via a localized change of curvature in the blister. Due to rotational invariance of the buckled blister, lower energy supply is required to initiate the snap‐through of buckling compared to conventional bistable mechanism. The controllability in rotational speed and output torque of the bimetallic blister‐based rotator inside a rigid stator is exhibited, and the locomotion is demonstrated with two elastic rings via localized pneumatic actuators. With broad choices of stimulus and material for rings, the findings illustrate the promising potential of two nested rings to create active motions for diverse applications including gearless motors, peristaltic pumps, and locomotive robots.
Detection of biological loads in sewage using the automated robot‐driven photoelectrochemical biosensing platform
Authors: Zhang Yiming , Chen Zhi , Wei Songrui , Zhang Yujun , Fu Hai , Zhang Han , Li Defa , Xie Zhongjian 
Published: March 2024

AbstractReal‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) remains the most prevalent molecular detection technology for sewage analysis but is plagued with numerous disadvantages, such as time consumption, high manpower requirements, and susceptibility to false negatives. In this study, an automated robot‐driven photoelectrochemical (PEC) biosensing platform is constructed, that utilizes the CRISPR/Cas12a system to achieve fast, ultrasensitive, high specificity detection of biological loads in sewage. The Shennong‐1 robot integrates several functional modules, involving sewage sampling and pretreatment to streamline the sewage monitoring. A screen‐printed electrode is employed with a vertical graphene‐based working electrode and enhanced with surface‐deposited Au nanoparticles (NPs). CdTe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) are further fabricated through the double‐stranded DNA (dsDNA) anchored on Au NPs. Using the cDNA template of Omicron BA.5 spike gene as a model, the PEC biosensor demonstrates excellent analytical performance, with a lower detection limit of 2.93 × 102 zm and an outstanding selectivity at the level of single‐base mutation recognition. Furthermore, the rapid, accurate detection of BA.5 in sewage demonstrates the feasibility of the PEC platform for sewage monitoring. In conclusion, this platform allows early detection and tracking of infectious disease outbreaks, providing timely data support for public health institutions to take appropriate prevention and control measures.
Sudan's healthcare crisis: The struggle of kidney patients amidst conflict
Authors: Konozy Emadeldin Hassan E. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackground and AimConflicts, akin to other crises, disrupt lives and healthcare infrastructure, disproportionately affecting vulnerable individuals. The ongoing Sudanese conflict, initiated on April 15, 2023, between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the Rapid Support Force (RSF), triggers significant population displacement, healthcare facility closures, and a scarcity of medical resources. Amid the intense conflict in Khartoum, reports of deceased individuals in the streets heighten concerns about public health, emphasizing the gravity of the situation. This crisis compounds the challenges faced by Sudan's already fragile healthcare system, impacting over 5 million displaced individuals, including those reliant on life‐saving hemodialysis sessions. This commentary aims to illuminate the challenges confronting kidney dialysis patients in war‐torn Sudan, emphasizing the impact on the Al‐Goled hemodialysis center.MethodologyThis commentary relies on reports from the American Society of Nephrology (ASN), European Renal Association (ERA), and The International Society of Nephrology (ISN), along with recent journal articles discussing the consequences of ongoing conflicts. Personal observations in Al‐Goled contribute to the insights, and data from the Al‐Goled hemodialysis center in Sudan illuminate the struggles faced by kidney dialysis patients during the conflict, presented as a case study.ResultsKidney dialysis patients, crucial for regular hemodialysis sessions, confront severe challenges due to the overwhelming conflict. With an estimated 8000 kidney failure patients in Sudan, disruptions in healthcare services, targeted attacks on medical staff, and a shortage of resources exacerbate their plight. The Al‐Goled hemodialysis center, initially designed for 30 daily sessions, experiences a surge in demand, accommodating 85 patients daily—an alarming 183% increase. Limited resources, machine malfunctions, and a shortage of medications contribute to the loss of 13 patients' lives.ConclusionsThe conflict in Sudan disproportionately impacts kidney dialysis patients, causing disruptions in essential healthcare services. The surge in demand at the Al‐Goled center underscores the broader impact on healthcare institutions nationwide. Local efforts to source medical supplies face bureaucratic hurdles and complex exportation procedures, impeding support for kidney patients. Patients, once receiving 3 weekly sessions, now struggle to secure even one, jeopardizing their well‐being. Urgent international intervention is needed to cease the conflict and ensure the safety of healthcare facilities, especially for vulnerable populations like kidney dialysis patients.
“You have to start with what they know:” Cultivating genius and joy with multilingual adolescents
Authors: Zoeller Emily 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA historically responsive literacy (HRL) approach (Muhammad, 2020a, 2020b) fosters literary pursuits in learners, preparing them to transcend skill development and use literacy to shape a more just and compassionate world. Despite its transformative potential, not enough is known about HRL application with multilinguals, especially in secondary literacy settings. This study uses the HRL framework to explore the cases of six teachers and how they cultivate genius with their multilingual students. I analyze participant narratives and teaching examples from their bilingual settings, focusing on pedagogies of translanguaging and Transliteracy. Findings show how teachers centered students' strengths in language and literacy and this supported the development of skills and identity. Cultivating genius in students amplified joy for students and teachers. For equitable literacy instruction of multilinguals, teacher development must support pedagogy that builds on multilinguals' assets and engages multiple literary pursuits.
Excess iron accumulation mediated senescence in diabetic kidney injury
Authors: Cheng Xueer , Li Yanyan , Chen Li , Jiang Chunjie , Peng Shufen , Yao Ping , Tang Yuhan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCellular senescence and iron accumulation were separately observed in diabetic nephropathy (DN). Limited evidence supports that iron was significantly accumulated in senescent cells. We aimed to explore whether iron is involved in the pathogenesis role of senescence in DN. Renal cells were treated with high glucose (HG, 35 mM) for 10 or 15 days, and DN mice were induced by high‐fat diet and streptozotocin. Gene ontology enrichment, gene set enrichment analysis analysis, β‐galactosidase staining, 5‐ethynyl‐2‐deoxyuridine staining, and western blot depicted the upregulated senescence pathway in vitro and in vivo of DN. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release was increased by HG and reversed by p16/p21 knockdown, and the supernatant of HG‐treated cells caused increased LDH release from normal cells. Iron metabolism‐related protein expression was disordered after HG exposure concomitant with senescence. Ferric ammonium citrate (50 μM) upregulated gamma‐H2A.X variant histone and increased the senescence markers in HG‐treated cells. The treatment of deferoxamine (0.5 μM) had the opposite effect. Compared to the non‐DN individual, increased ferritin and senescence markers were verified in DN mice and patients, and the co‐localization of ferritin and senescence markers was observed by immunofluorescence. These results suggested that accumulated iron was correlated with aggravated DNA damage and accelerated senescence, and revealed the role of iron in the cellular senescence of diseases.
Budding and regeneration potential of a calyx of a freshwater Kamptozoan, Urnatella gracilis
Authors: Ishii Teruhisa , Ooga Keiko , Kato Manami , Sakai Ayako 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThere are only two freshwater Kamptozoans worldwide: Urnatella gracilis Leidy, 1851 and Loxosomatoides sirindhornae Wood, 2005. U. gracilis is present in Japan and is expanding its distribution, especially in Lake Hachiro. We investigated the budding and regeneration potential of a calyx of U. gracilis to clarify the mechanisms underlying its ability of regeneration. Our experiments revealed that the formation of a new calyx at the most apical position and strong adaptation to freshwater in pH 7.0. Budding successfully occurred in water with 0% salinity, however, in water with 0.15%–0.3% salinity budding was occurred in low level. These features may be very useful for propagation at Lake Hachiro in which it has to be expected that no sexual reproduction is observed because of low temperatures below 28°C. Now as Lake Hachiro has water with no salinity and almost pH 7.0, Lake Hachiro is a good place to live for U. gracilis.
Overexpression of multidrug resistance‐associated protein 1 protects against cardiotoxicity by augmenting the doxorubicin efflux from cardiomyocytes
Authors: Kok Cindy Y. , Igoor Sindhu , Rao Renuka , Tsurusaki Shinya , Titus Tracy , MacLean Lauren M. , Kadian Megha , Skelton Rhys , Chong James J. H. , Kizana Eddy 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDoxorubicin is a commonly used anti‐cancer drug used in treating a variety of malignancies. However, a major adverse effect is cardiotoxicity, which is dose dependent and can be either acute or chronic. Doxorubicin causes injury by DNA damage, the formation of free reactive oxygen radicals and induction of apoptosis. Our aim is to induce expression of the multidrug resistance‐associated protein 1 (MRP1) in cardiomyocytes derived from human iPS cells (hiPSC‐CM), to determine whether this will allow cells to effectively remove doxorubicin and confer cardioprotection. We generated a lentivirus vector encoding MRP1 (LV.MRP1) and validated its function in HEK293T cells and stem cell‐derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC‐CM) by quantitative PCR and western blot analysis. The activity of the overexpressed MRP1 was also tested, by quantifying the amount of fluorescent dye exported from the cell by the transporter. We demonstrated reduced dye sequestration in cells overexpressing MRP1. Finally, we demonstrated that hiPSC‐CM transduced with LV.MRP1 were protected against doxorubicin injury. In conclusion, we have shown that we can successfully overexpress MRP1 protein in hiPSC‐CM, with functional transporter activity leading to protection against doxorubicin‐induced toxicity.
Quantifying exposure biases in early instrumental land surface air temperature observations
Authors: Wallis Emily J. , Osborn Timothy J. , Taylor Michael , Jones Philip D. , Joshi Manoj , Hawkins Ed 
Published: March 2024

AbstractExposure biases are a pervasive non‐climatic change in land air temperature records which have been introduced as a result of changes in the way thermometers were sheltered from solar radiation and the elements over time. Exposure biases have not been widely accounted for in observational records, due to difficulties detecting/correcting the bias using traditional homogenisation techniques; therefore, exposure biases still contribute significant uncertainty to the early period in global temperature compilations. Here, an empirical approach to address the bias arising from the introduction of Stevenson‐type screens from the late‐19th century is presented. The approach consists of: (1) an empirical analysis of 54 parallel measurement series to identify the characteristics of the exposure bias in four exposure classes; (2) the development of bias‐estimation models based on an analysis of which variables influence the bias; and (3) the application of the models to an extended version of CRUTEM5 (CRUTEM5_ext), based on exposure metadata, to quantify and reduce the bias. Step one identified differences between the temperatures recorded in Stevenson screens and early exposures, which vary seasonally, diurnally, and with location and exposure class. The largest biases (in mean temperatures) were found in freestanding exposures (up to −0.78°C annually) and in summer, while the smallest biases were generally found in wall‐mounted exposures (near‐0°C annually) and in winter. Significant relationships between the bias and temperature, downward top of atmosphere and/or received shortwave downward solar radiation were found in each exposure class and led to the development of three regression‐based bias‐estimation models. Application of these models to 1,960 mid‐latitude stations in CRUTEM5_ext, resulted in small (≤0.016°C) positive adjustments to the Northern Hemisphere mid‐latitude mean before 1880, and larger (≤−0.1°C) negative adjustments to the Northern and Southern Hemisphere mid‐latitude means between 1882–1934 and 1856–1900, respectively. Larger adjustments were estimated regionally: up to −0.57°C annually and −0.79°C seasonally in individual grid cells.
Can large language models replace humans in systematic reviews? Evaluating GPT‐4's efficacy in screening and extracting data from peer‐reviewed and grey literature in multiple languages
Authors: Khraisha Qusai , Put Sophie , Kappenberg Johanna , Warraitch Azza , Hadfield Kristin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSystematic reviews are vital for guiding practice, research and policy, although they are often slow and labour‐intensive. Large language models (LLMs) could speed up and automate systematic reviews, but their performance in such tasks has yet to be comprehensively evaluated against humans, and no study has tested Generative Pre‐Trained Transformer (GPT)‐4, the biggest LLM so far. This pre‐registered study uses a “human‐out‐of‐the‐loop” approach to evaluate GPT‐4's capability in title/abstract screening, full‐text review and data extraction across various literature types and languages. Although GPT‐4 had accuracy on par with human performance in some tasks, results were skewed by chance agreement and dataset imbalance. Adjusting for these caused performance scores to drop across all stages: for data extraction, performance was moderate, and for screening, it ranged from none in highly balanced literature datasets (~1:1) to moderate in those datasets where the ratio of inclusion to exclusion in studies was imbalanced (~1:3). When screening full‐text literature using highly reliable prompts, GPT‐4's performance was more robust, reaching “human‐like” levels. Although our findings indicate that, currently, substantial caution should be exercised if LLMs are being used to conduct systematic reviews, they also offer preliminary evidence that, for certain review tasks delivered under specific conditions, LLMs can rival human performance.
Use of natural‐based commercial products as an alternative for providing bioprotection against verticillium wilt of olive
Authors: Antón‐Domínguez Begoña I. , Díaz‐Díaz Miriam , Acedo‐Antequera Francisca A. , Trapero Carlos , Agustí‐Brisach Carlos 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDAs a result of the ineffectiveness of existing control methods against Verticillium dahliae, the causal agent of verticillium wilt of olive (Olea europaea; VWO), it is necessary to search for sustainable and environmentally friendly alternatives, such as bioprotection by products based on plant extracts and other naturally synthesized compounds. Therefore, present study aimed to evaluate the effects of seven natural‐based commercial products on the inhibition of mycelial growth, the germination of V. dahliae conidia and microsclerotia, and disease progression in olive plants (cv. Picual). Aluminium lignosulfonate and a copper phosphonate salt (copper phosphite) were included for comparative purposes.RESULTSThe seaweed and willow extracts and copper phosphite inhibited V. dahliae mycelial growth by more than 50% at the high doses tested. Most of the products inhibited conidial germination by up to 90% compared to the control at the high doses tested. However, none of the products showed efficacy above 50% in inhibiting microsclerotia germination. The willow extract was the most effective at reducing disease severity and progression in olive plants, with no significant differences compared to the non‐inoculated negative control.CONCLUSIONThe results of the present study suggest that the use of natural‐based products (i.e. seaweed and willow extracts) is a potential sustainable alternative in an integrated VWO control strategy. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
The utility of layering systemic therapies in connective tissue diseases
Authors: Surjanto Kezia , Ji Lixin , Boh Erin , Bitar Carole 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundCutaneous manifestations in connective tissue diseases (CTDs) are often chronic and difficult to control.ObjectivesThis study aims to review the use of combination systemic medications in CTDs and assess disease response.MethodsAn IRB‐approved, retrospective chart review was conducted at a single large academic institution in New Orleans, Louisiana. Inclusion criteria were adult patients with CTDs on two or more systemic therapies.ResultsOut of 101 patients, 37.62% were taking combination systemic agents. Of these patients, 44% were diagnosed with lupus, 18% with dermatomyositis (DM), 8% with systemic scleroderma (SSc), 10% with morphea/limited scleroderma (M), 12% with mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD), and 8% with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The most common regimen for lupus, MCTD, and SSc patients was hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) + prednisone (PRED) + mycophenolate mofetil (MMF). DM patients were most commonly taking combinations of the above regimen with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). Morphea and RA patients were on multiple combinations of steroid and nonsteroidal agents including MMF, IVIG, azathioprine, methotrexate, HCQ, sulfasalazine, upadacitinib, apremilast, and tofacitinib.ConclusionsThis study aims to assess the efficacy of combination systemic medications and disease response in CTDs. Lupus was the most common CTD in our study, with patients taking 2–4 combination medications. HCQ, MMF, and PRED were the most common medications used within a combination regimen with minimal adverse effects. Though our study has several limitations including its retrospective nature and small sample size, it shows that CTDs can be resistant to monotherapy and that combination therapy might be required. More research in layering systemic agents is needed since this topic is currently limited to minimal case series and clinical trials.
Crafting emotional engagement and immersive experiences: Comprehensive scale development for and validation of hospitality marketing storytelling involvement
Authors: Ahmed Sohel , Sharif Taimur , Ting Ding Hooi , Sharif Sharmin Jamal 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study develops and validates a scale for gauging consumer involvement in storytelling (to create memorable and emotionally resonant experiences) in hospitality marketing through four phases: qualitative inquiry, construct definition, item refinement, and nomological validation. Validation involves 24 in‐depth video interviews and consecutive online surveys. The hospitality marketing storytelling involvement scale, with four dimensions—contextual cues, emotional engagement, mental cognition, and immersive experience—comprising 14 items, precisely measures consumer involvement. The scale integrates narrative transportation theory and the elaboration likelihood model to enhance understanding of consumer engagement with fundamental human cognitive and emotional processes. The validated scale offers a valuable tool for marketers to precisely assess consumer involvement and strategically leverage storytelling to evoke emotions, foster brand loyalty, and judge campaign effectiveness. In diverse marketing contexts that elicit emotions, resonate with individuals, and foster immersive experiences, the scale demonstrates remarkable adaptability. Ultimately, it can help marketers craft compelling narratives, enhance brand perception, and strengthen consumer relationships, thereby contributing to emotional connections, optimizing strategies, and enhancing consumer engagement effectiveness.
Viscosity of Suspensions of Strongly Bonded Spherical Particles of Nickel‐Manganese‐Cobalt Mixed Oxides (NMC) in Molten Poly(Ethylene Carbonate) for Batteries
Authors: Flament Augustin , Desse Melinda , Bernard Pierre , Carrot Christian 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIonically conductive polymers highly filled with active materials, such as metal oxides are increasingly studied for their potential use in all solid‐state batteries. They offer the desirable processing ease of polymers for mass production despite interfacial issues that remain to be solved. In this study, it is shown that spherical particles of transition metal oxides can be introduced in co‐polymers of alkene carbonate and ethylene oxide at loading close to the maximum packing fraction, without imparting the processability in the melt of the material. In particular, the viscosity does not show any yield stress and the increase of viscosity shows that the intrinsic viscosity of the filler does not match with the usual 2.5 value in the limit of the Einstein's equation. Conversely, rheological data show that the value is rather close to unity consistently with theoretical arguments that predicted that this scaling factor should be unity when particle rotation is precluded. In the present case, this behavior is attributed to strong bonding between polymer and filler that is proved by electronic microscopy and by dynamical mechanical spectroscopy showing a relaxation due to bound polymer.
Obesity is Associated with Increased Risk of New‐Onset Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A United States Population‐Based Cohort Study
Authors: Hoying David , Kaelber David C. , Chaaban Mohamad R. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine the risk of a new‐encounter diagnosis of unspecified chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) 1 and 2 years following body mass index (BMI) classification of obesity utilizing a large‐population‐based analytics platform.Study DesignRetrospective cohort analysisSettingThe U.S. Collaborative Network within the TriNetX Analytics platform contains deidentified electronic health record (EHR) data of more than 100 million patients and was used to determine the association between obesity and a new encounter diagnosis of 3 CRS phenotypes in this study.ResultsAfter 1:1 propensity score matching, patients with an overweight BMI and obesity were at a higher risk for a new‐encounter diagnosis of unspecified CRS and CRSwNP compared to healthy‐weight individuals. The obesity cohort had the greatest increased risk of new‐onset unspecified CRS with a relative risk of 1.23 (95% CI: 1.20‐1.25) and 1.26 (95% CI: 1.24‐1.28) 1 and 2 years following BMI classification, respectively.ConclusionOur study indicates an association between obesity and new‐onset unspecified CRS and CRSwNP. With the increasing prevalence of obesity in the United States population, it will be important to understand how obesity‐associated CRS may affect treatment response. Future prospective studies are needed to assess causality and define a mechanistic link.