bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frequent deletions of material from chromosome arm 1p in oligodendroglial tumors revealed by double‐target fluorescence in situ hybridization and microsatellite analysis
Authors: Hashimoto Naoya , Ichikawa Daisuke , Arakawa Yoshiki , Date Kousei , Ueda Satoshi , Nakagawa Yoshio , Horii Akira , Nakamura Yusuke , Abe Tatsuo , Inazawa Johji 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe undertook a cytogenetic analysis of 29 human brain tumors using double‐target fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and focusing on chromosome arm 1p. One or more tumor suppressor genes in this arm have been suggested to be important in a variety of neuroectodermal tumors. The series included 9 oligodendrogliomas, 4 mixed gliomas, 10 astrocytomas, 4 glioblastomas, and 2 central neurocytomas. We hybridized pericentromeric (1q12) and subtelomeric (1p36) DNA probes to cell nuclei prepared from paraffin‐embedded tissues and observed a strikingly high incidence of deletion of at least part of 1p in oligodendrogliomas (100%) and mixed gliomas (75%). The results of the FISH analyses were confirmed by demonstration of loss of heterozygosity for a microsatellite polymorphism in 10 of the 29 tumors. As well as supporting the feasibility of FISH for detecting allelic deletions in chromosomes from paraffin‐embedded tumor samples, the alteration of 1p reported here will contribute to an understanding of the molecular genetic events in oligodendroglial tumor development.
Microsatellite instability in primary and metastatic lung carcinomas
Authors: Adachi Jun‐Ichi , Shiseki Masayuki , Okazaki Tomoko , Ishimaru Gosei , Noguchi Masayuki , Hirohashi Setsuo , Yokota Jun 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFifty‐seven primary lung carcinomas and 35 metastatic lung carcinomas were analyzed for microsatellite instability at 11 different chromosomal loci. Although no instability was detected in 37 small cell lung carcinomas (SCLC), it was frequently detected in non‐small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC) (16/55, 29%). In NSCLC, the incidence of replication errors (RERs) in metastatic tumors (12/22, 55%) was significantly higher than that in primary tumors (4/33, 12%) (P = 0.0021). Among 10 pairs of primary tumors and corresponding metastases, there were 4 cases which manifested the identical RER phenotypes in both primary and metastatic tumors. In two cases, RER phenotypes were detected in metastatic but not in primary tumors. Never was an RER phenotype found only in a primary tumor but not in the metastases. RERs were detected more frequently in stage III or IV tumors (3/8, 38%) than stage I or II tumors (1/25, 4%) (P = 0.0359). Tumor cells with allelic losses on chromosome arm 3p or 18q tended to have RER phenotypes (P = 0.0432 and P = 0.0187, respectively). The data suggest that microsatellite instability is common in NSCLC but not in SCLC, and that genomic instability appears late in tumor progression and plays an important role in the acquisition of more malignant phenotypes in NSCLC.
Unbalanced translocation t(5;17) in an atypical acute promyelocytic leukemia
Authors: Brunel Véronique , Sainty Danielle , Carbuccia Nadine , Arnoulet Christine , Costello Régis , Mozziconacci Marie‐Jöelle , Simonetti Jacqueline , Coignet Lionel , Gabert Jean , Stoppa Anne‐Marie , Birg Françoise , Lafage‐Pochitaloff Marina 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAcute promyelocytic leukemia (APL; M3 in the FAB classification) is specifically associated with the t(15;17)(q23;q12) and the consequent formation of a PML/RARA fusion gene. A few cases of APL with a t(11;17)(q23;q12) and a PLZF/RARA fusion gene have recently been reported. In addition, a new variant, t(5;17)(q32;q12), with a RARA rearrangement was described in a child with atypical APL. We report an unbalanced der(5)t(5;17) in an atypical APL case showing unusual dysgranulopoiesis and some M2 features. The breakpoints were difficult to localize precisely on chromosome 5, because the translocation may have occurred on a previous del(5q). The karyotype also showed del(8q) and multiple double‐minutes (dmin). Molecular studies evidenced RARA rearrangement but showed neither PML rearrangement nor PML/RARA fusion. Fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed that the dmin were of chromosome 8 origin and that they accounted for the MYC amplification observed in Southern blots. The patient did very poorly despite chemotherapy and all‐trans retinoic acid (ATRA) treatment. Thus, the t(5;17) could represent a second type of variant translocation in APL that, like the disease associated with t(11;17), does not seem to respond to ATRA therapy. Whereas RARA rearrangement appears sufficient for an APL‐like phenotype, it seems that the presence of a classical PML/RARA is required for typical APL with response to ATRA.
Brain activity during a motor learning task: An fMRI and skin conductance study
Authors: MacIntosh Bradley J. , Mraz Richard , McIlroy William E. , Graham Simon J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMeasuring electrodermal activity (EDA) during fMRI is an effective means of studying the influence of task‐related arousal, inferred from autonomic nervous system activity, on brain activation patterns. The goals of this study were: (1) to measure reliable EDA from healthy individuals during fMRI involving an effortful unilateral motor task, (2) to explore how EDA recordings can be used to augment fMRI data analysis. In addition to conventional hemodynamic modeling, skin conductance time series data were used as model waveforms to generate activation images from fMRI data. Activations from the EDA model produced significantly different brain regions from those obtained with a standard hemodynamic model, primarily in the insula and cingulate cortices. Onsets of the EDA changes were synchronous with the hemodynamic model, but EDA data showed additional transient features, such as a decrease in amplitude with time, and helped to provide behavioral evidence suggesting task difficulty decreased with movement repetition. Univariate statistics also confirmed that several brain regions showed early versus late session effects. Partial least squares (PLS) multivariate analysis of EDA and fMRI data provided complimentary, additional insight on how the motor network varied over the course of a single fMRI session. Brain regions identified in this manner included the insula, cingulate gyrus, pre‐ and postcentral gyri, putamen and parietal cortices. These results suggest that recording EDA during motor fMRI experiments provides complementary information that can be used to improve the fMRI analysis, particularly when behavioral or task effects are difficult to model a priori. Hum Brain Mapp, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Acute modulation of cortical oscillatory activities during short trains of high‐frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of the human motor cortex: A combined EEG and TMS study
Authors: Fuggetta Giorgio , Pavone Enea F. , Fiaschi Antonio , Manganotti Paolo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn this study, a combined repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation/electroencephalography (rTMS/EEG) method was used to explore the acute changes of cortical oscillatory activity induced by intermittent short trains of high‐frequency (5‐Hz) rTMS delivered over the left primary motor cortex (M1). We evaluated the electrophysiological reaction to magnetic stimulation during and 2–4 s after 20 trains of 20‐pulses rTMS, using event‐related power (ERPow) that reflects the regional oscillatory activity of neural assemblies, and event‐related coherence (ERCoh) that reflects the interregional functional connectivity of oscillatory neural activity. These event‐related transformations were for the upper α (10–12 Hz) and β (18–22 Hz) frequency ranges, respectively. For the α band, threshold rTMS and subthreshold rTMS induced an ERPow increase during the trains of stimulation mainly in frontal and central regions ipsilateral to stimulation. For the β band, a similar synchronization of cortical oscillations for both rTMS intensities was seen. Moreover, subthreshold rTMS affected α‐band activity more than threshold rTMS, inducing a specific ERCoh decrease over the posterior regions during the trains of stimulation. For β band, the decrease in functional coupling was observed mainly during threshold rTMS. These findings provide a better understanding of the cortical effects of high‐frequency rTMS, whereby the induction of oscillations reflects the capacity of electromagnetic pulses to alter regional and interregional synaptic transmissions of neural populations. Hum Brain Mapp, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Silent and continuous fMRI scanning differentially modulate activation in an auditory language comprehension task
Authors: Schmidt Conny F. , Zaehle Tino , Meyer Martin , Geiser Eveline , Boesiger Peter , Jancke Lutz 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSparse temporal acquisition schemes have been adopted to investigate the neural correlates of human audition using blood‐oxygen‐level dependent (BOLD) based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) devoid of ambient confounding acoustic scanner noise. These schemes have previously been extended to clustered‐sparse temporal acquisition designs which record several subsequent BOLD contrast images in rapid succession in order to enhance temporal sampling efficiency. In the present study we demonstrate that an event‐related task design can effectively be combined with a clustered temporal acquisition technique in an auditory language comprehension task. The same fifteen volunteers performed two separate auditory runs which either applied customary fMRI acquisition (CA) composed of continuous scanner noise or “silent” fMRI built on a clustered temporal acquisition (CTA) protocol. In accord with our hypothesis, the CTA scheme relative to the CA protocol is accompanied by significantly stronger functional responses along the entire superior temporal plane. By contrast, the bilateral insulae engage more strongly during continuous scanning. A post‐hoc region‐of‐interest analysis reveals cortical activation in subportions of the supratemporal plane which varies as a function of acquisition protocol. The middle part of the supratemporal plane shows a rightward asymmetry only for the CTA scheme while the posterior supratemporal plane exposes a significantly stronger leftward asymmetry during the CTA. Our findings implicate that silent fMRI is advantageous when it comes to the exploration of auditory and speech functions residing in the supratemporal plane. Hum Brain Mapp, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Approaches to heart valve tissue engineering scaffold design
Authors: Brody Sarah , Pandit Abhay 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHeart valve disease is a significant cause of mortality worldwide. However, to date, a nonthrombogenic, noncalcific prosthetic, which maintains normal valve mechanical properties and hemodynamic flow, and exhibits sufficient fatigue properties has not been designed. Current prosthetic designs have not been optimized and are unsuitable treatment for congenital heart defects. Research is therefore moving towards the development of a tissue engineered heart valve equivalent. Two approaches may be used in the creation of a tissue engineered heart valve, the traditional approach, which involves seeding a scaffold in vitro, in the presence of specific signals prior to implantation, and the guided tissue regeneration approach, which relies on autologous reseeding in vivo. Regardless of the approach taken, the design of a scaffold capable of supporting the growth of cells and extracellular matrix generation and capable of withstanding the unrelenting cardiovascular environment while forming a tight seal during closure, is critical to the success of the tissue engineered construct. This paper focuses on the quest to design, such a scaffold. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2007
Mechanical testing of fixation techniques for scaffold‐based tissue‐engineered grafts
Authors: Knecht Sven , Erggelet Christoph , Endres Michaela , Sittinger Michael , Kaps Christian , Stüssi Edgar 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFull‐thickness defects in articular cartilage can be functionally restored by autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI). In past years, numerous types of scaffolds for tissue‐engineered cartilage implants have been developed and thoroughly characterized. However, the fixation stability of the implants has been rarely investigated despite its well‐known importance for successful therapy. In this study, we have mechanically tested the fixation stability of four commonly used biomaterials for ACI attached by four different fixation techniques (unfixed, fibrin glue, chondral suture, and transosseous suture) in situ. Scaffolds based on polyglycolic acid (PGA) and polyglycolic acid and poly‐L‐lactic acid (PGLA), collagen membranes, and a gel‐like matrix material were fixed within rectangular full‐thickness cartilage defects of 10 × 15 mm2 and loaded in tension until failure. Fibrin glue fixation of PGLA‐scaffolds withstood a load of 2.18 6 ± 0.47 N, chondral sutured PGA‐scaffolds of 26.29 6 ± 1.55 N, and transosseous fixed PGA‐scaffolds of 38.18 6 ± 9.53 N. The PGA‐scaffold could be loaded highest until failure for all fixation techniques compared to the PGLA‐scaffold and collagen membrane. Our findings serve as basis for selecting the most suitable fixation technique for scaffold‐based tissue‐engineered grafts according to the expected in vivo loads. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2007
Natural composite of wood as replacement material for ostechondral bone defects
Authors: Aho Allan J. , Rekola Jami , Matinlinna Jukka , Gunn Jarmo , Tirri Teemu , Viitaniemi Pertti , Vallittu Pekka 
Published: February 2007

AbstractDeciduous wood, birch, pretreated by a technique combining heat and water vapor was applied for the reconstruction of bone defects in the knee joint of rabbits. It was observed that wood showed characteristic properties to be incorporated by the host bone during observation time of 4, 8, and 20 weeks. The natural channel structure of wood served as a porous scaffold, allowing host bone growth as small islets into the wood implants. The other properties of heat‐treated wood, such as bioactivity, good handling properties, and sufficient biomechanical properties, might be additional favorable factors for the application of wood as a natural composite material for bone and cartilage repair. At the interface of the surfaces of wood and living bone, bonding occurred. The Chemical Interface Model for bonding bone to wood consists of the reactive ions, such as hydroxyl groups OH, and covalent bonding as well as hydrogen bonding, which originate from both wood and bone. The bone tissue trauma, with its reactive Ca2+ and PO ions, proteins, and collagen, available for interaction at ionic and nanolevel, are associated with the complicated chemistry in the cellular response of the early bone healing process. It was concluded that heat‐treated wood acted like a porous biomaterial scaffold, allowing ongrowth and ingrowth of bone and cartilage differentiation on its surface, and demonstrating osteoconductive contact, bonding at the interface. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2007
Construction of antithrombogenic polyelectrolyte multilayer on thermoplastic polyurethane via layer‐by‐layer self‐assembly technique
Authors: Yu Da‐Guang , Lin Wen‐Ching , Lin Chien‐Hong , Yeh Yi‐Hsiang , Yang Ming‐Chien 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe improvement of hydrophilicity and hemocompatibility of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) film was developed using surface modification of polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) deposition. The polysaccharide PEMs included chitosan (CS, as a positive‐charged agent) and dextran sulfate (DS, as a negative‐charged and an antiadhesive agent) that were successfully prepared on the aminolyzed TPU film in a layer‐by‐layer (LBL) self‐assembly manner. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), field‐emission scanning electronic microscopy (FE‐SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) data will verify the progressive buildup of the PEMs film. The obtained results showed that the contact angle and Zeta‐potential reached the steady value after four bilayers of coating, hence proving that the full coverage of coating with PEM layers was achieved. It could be found that the PEMs‐deposited TPU films with DS as the outmost layer could resist the platelet adhesion and human plasma fibrinogen (HPF) adsorption, thereby prolonging effectively the blood coagulation times. Besides, the results of growth inhibition index (GI) of L929 fibroblast proliferation suggested that the as‐fabricated TPU films were noncytotoxic. Overall results demonstrated that such an easy, valid, shape‐independent, and noncytotoxic processing should be potential for the ion of TPU substrate in the application of hemodialysis or cardiovascular devices. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2007
Enzymatic biodegradable micro‐reactors for therapeutic applications
Authors: Rubio‐Retama J. , Mariño F. Tamimi , López‐Cabarcos E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPoly(ε‐caprolactone) is a well known biocompatible polymer, widely used as drug immobilization systems. In this work poly(ε‐caprolactone) microparticles with average size between 5 and 25 μm have been prepared by O/W emulsion evaporation method. Inside the microparticles, we have encapsulated Glucose Oxidase with the aim of preparing micro‐reactors for enzymatic therapy. These microparticles were structurally characterized and its enzymatic activity analyzed in order to improve the enzyme entrapment. Thus, at the optimum synthesis conditions the enzyme entrapped in the microparticles showed an enzymatic activity of (29.9 ± 2.1)% comparing with the same amount of free enzyme. Moreover the microparticles maintained a (70.4 ± 3.2)% of their initial enzymatic activity after placing them in buffer solution for two weeks. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2007
Degradation, bioactivity, and cytocompatibility of diopside, akermanite, and bredigite ceramics
Authors: Wu Chengtie , Chang Jiang 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of three bioceramics in the CaO‐SiO2‐MgO systems with different composition on the in vitro degradation, bioactivity, and cytocompatibility. The degradation was evaluated through the activation energy of Si ion release from ceramics and the weight loss of the ceramics in Tris‐HCl buffers. The in vitro bioactivity of the ceramics was investigated by analysis of apatite‐formation ability in the simulated body fluid (SBF). The cytocompatibility was evaluated through osteoblast morphology and proliferation. The results showed that the activation energy of Si ion release increased and the degradation decreased from bredigite to diopside ceramics with the increase of Mg content, and the apatite‐formation ability in SBF decreased. The Ca, Si, and Mg containing ionic products from three ceramics could stimulate cell proliferation at lower concentration, and inhibit cell proliferation with the increase of ion concentrations. Furthermore, osteoblasts could adhere, spread, and proliferate on three ceramic disks, and cell proliferation on diopside was more obvious than that on other two ceramic disks. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2007
Influence of extracellular matrix coatings on implant stability and osseointegration: An animal study
Authors: Stadlinger Bernd , Pilling Eckart , Huhle Matthias , Mai Ronald , Bierbaum Susanne , Bernhardt Ricardo , Scharnweber Dieter , Kuhlisch Eberhard , Hempel Ute , Eckelt Uwe 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that the application of components of the extracellular matrix such as glycosaminoglycans used as implant surface coatings in combination with collagen, with and without growth factor, can lead to enhanced ossification and thus improve implant stability compared with collagen coatings alone. Twenty miniature pigs received 120 experimental titanium implants in the mandible. Three types of surface coatings were created: (1) collagen type I (coll), (2) collagen type I/chondroitin sulphate (coll/CS), (3) collagen type I/chondroitin sulphate/BMP‐4 (coll/CS/BMP). Periimplant bone formation was assessed within a defined recess along the length axis of the implant. Bone‐implant contact (BIC) and bone volume density (BVD) were determined, using both histomorphometry and synchrotron radiation micro computed tomography (SRμCT). To measure implant stability, resonance frequency analysis was applied after implantation and 1, 3, 7, and 22 weeks after placement. BIC was highest for coll/CS coated implants, followed by coll, p = 0.082. Histomorphometric BVD did not significantly change for any coating. SRμCT analysis showed an increased BVD for collagen coated implants, compared with the other two surface coatings. Implant stability showed a decrease for all coatings up to the third week. At 22 weeks, all coatings showed an increase in stability without reaching their initial level. Highest stability was reached for coll coated implants, p = 0.051. It was concluded that collagen and coll/CS implant coatings have advantageous characteristics for peri‐implant bone formation, compared with the further integration of BMP‐4. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2007
On the spectrum of critical sets in latin squares of order 2n
Authors: Donovan Diane , LeFevre James , van Rees G. H. John 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSuppose that L is a latin square of order m and P ⊑ L is a partial latin square. If L is the only latin square of order m which contains P, and no proper subset of P has this property, then P is a critical set of L. The critical set spectrum problem is to determine, for a given m, the set of integers t for which there exists a latin square of order m with a critical set of size t. We outline a partial solution to the critical set spectrum problem for latin squares of order 2n. The back circulant latin square of even order m has a well‐known critical set of size m2/4, and this is the smallest known critical set for a latin square of order m. The abelian 2‐group of order 2n has a critical set of size 4n‐3n, and this is the largest known critical set for a latin square of order 2n. We construct a set of latin squares with associated critical sets which are intermediate between the back circulant latin square of order 2n and the abelian 2‐group of order 2n. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Combin Designs 16: 25–43, 2008
List circular coloring of trees and cycles
Authors: Raspaud André , Zhu Xuding 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSuppose G=(V, E) is a graph and p ≥ 2q are positive integers. A (p, q)‐coloring of G is a mapping ϕ: V → {0, 1, …, p‐1} such that for any edge xy of G, q ≤ |ϕ(x)‐ϕ(y)| ≤ p‐q. A color‐list is a mapping L: V → $\cal P$({0, 1, …, p‐1}) which assigns to each vertex v a set L(v) of permissible colors. An L‐(p, q)‐coloring of G is a (p, q)‐coloring ϕ of G such that for each vertex v, ϕ(v) ∈ L(v). We say G is L‐(p, q)‐colorable if there exists an L‐(p, q)‐coloring of G. A color‐size‐list is a mapping ℓ which assigns to each vertex v a non‐negative integer ℓ(v). We say G is ℓ‐(p, q)‐colorable if for every color‐list L with |L(v)| = ℓ(v), G is L‐(p, q)‐colorable. In this article, we consider list circular coloring of trees and cycles. For any tree T and for any p ≥ 2q, we present a necessary and sufficient condition for T to be ℓ‐(p, q)‐colorable. For each cycle C and for each positive integer k, we present a condition on ℓ which is sufficient for C to be ℓ‐(2k+1, k)‐colorable, and the condition is sharp. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 55: 249–265, 2007